bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adjuvant concurrent chemoradiation therapy (CCRT) alone versus CCRT followed by adjuvant chemotherapy: Which is better in patients with radically resected extrahepatic biliary tract cancer?: a non-randomized, single center study
Authors: Lim Kyu-Hyoung , Oh Do-Youn , Chie Eui Kyu , Jang Jin-Young , Im Seock-Ah , Kim Tae-You , Kim Sun-Whe , Ha Sung Whan , Bang Yung-Jue 
Published: September 2009

AbstractBackgroundThere is currently no standard adjuvant therapy for patients with curatively resected extrahepatic biliary tract cancer (EHBTC). The aim of this study was to analyze the clinical features and outcomes between patients undergoing adjuvant concurrent chemoradiation therapy (CCRT) alone and those undergoing CCRT followed by adjuvant chemotherapy after curative resection.MethodsWe included 120 patients with EHBTC who underwent radical resection and then received adjuvant CCRT with or without further adjuvant chemotherapy between 2000 and 2006 at Seoul National University Hospital.ResultsOut of 120 patients, 30 received CCRT alone, and 90 received CCRT followed by adjuvant chemotherapy. Baseline characteristics were comparable between the two groups. Three-year disease-free survival (DFS) rates for CCRT alone and CCRT followed by adjuvant chemotherapy were 26.6% and 45.2% (p = 0.04), respectively, and 3-year overall survival (OS) rates were 30.8% and 62.6% (p < 0.01), respectively. CCRT followed by adjuvant chemotherapy showed longer survival than did CCRT alone, especially in R1 resection (microscopically positive margins) or negative lymph node.ConclusionAdjuvant CCRT followed by adjuvant chemotherapy prolonged DFS and OS, compared with CCRT alone in patients with curatively resected EHBTC. Adjuvant chemotherapy deserves to consider after adjuvant CCRT. In the future, a randomized prospective study will be needed, with the objective of investigating the role of adjuvant chemotherapy.
Early responses of insulin signaling to high-carbohydrate and high-fat overfeeding
Authors: Adochio Rebecca L , Leitner J Wayne , Gray Karen , Draznin Boris , Cornier Marc-Andre 
Published: September 2009

Abstract

Background
Early molecular changes of nutritionally-induced insulin resistance are still enigmatic. It is also unclear if acute overnutrition alone can alter insulin signaling in humans or if the macronutrient composition of the diet can modulate such effects.

Methods
To investigate the molecular correlates of metabolic adaptation to either high-carbohydrate (HC) or high-fat (HF) overfeeding, we conducted overfeeding studies in 21 healthy lean (BMI < 25) individuals (10 women, 11 men), age 20-45, with normal glucose metabolism and no family history of diabetes. Subjects were studied first following a 5-day eucaloric (EC) diet (30% fat, 50% CHO, 20% protein) and then in a counter balanced manner after 5 days of 40% overfeeding of both a HC (20% fat, 60% CHO) diet and a HF (50% fat, 30% CHO) diet. At the end of each diet phase, in vivo insulin sensitivity was assessed using the hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp technique. Ex vivo insulin action was measured from skeletal muscle tissue samples obtained 15 minutes after insulin infusion was initiated.

Results
Overall there was no change in whole-body insulin sensitivity as measured by glucose disposal rate (GDR, EC: 12.1 ± 4.7; HC: 10.9 ± 2.7; HF: 10.8 ± 3.4). Assessment of skeletal muscle insulin signaling demonstrated increased tyrosine phosphorylation of IRS-1 (p < 0.001) and increased IRS-1-associated phosphatidylinositol 3 (PI 3)-kinase activity (p < 0.001) following HC overfeeding. In contrast, HF overfeeding increased skeletal muscle serine phosophorylation of IRS-1 (p < 0.001) and increased total expression of p85α (P < 0.001).

Conclusion
We conclude that acute bouts of overnutrition lead to changes at the cellular level before whole-body insulin sensitivity is altered. On a signaling level, HC overfeeding resulted in changes compatible with increased insulin sensitivity. In contrast, molecular changes in HF overfeeding were compatible with a reduced insulin sensitivity.
Can Chemotherapy Be Discontinued in Unresectable Metastatic Colorectal Cancer? The GERCOR OPTIMOX2 Study
Authors: Chibaudel Benoist , Maindrault-Goebel Frédérique , Lledo Gérard , Mineur Laurent , André Thierry , Bennamoun Mostepha , Mabro May , Artru Pascal , Carola Elisabeth , Flesch Michel , Dupuis Olivier , Colin Philippe , Larsen Annette K. , Afchain Pauline , Tournigand Christophe , Louvet Christophe , de Gramont Aimery 
Published: September 2009

PurposeThis study compared chemotherapy discontinuation with maintenance therapy with leucovorin and fluorouracil after six cycles of folinic acid, fluorouracil, and oxaliplatin (FOLFOX) chemotherapy in the first-line treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer.Patients and MethodsTwo hundred two patients with untreated metastatic colorectal cancer were randomly assigned to receive six cycles of modified FOLFOX7 (mFOLFOX7) followed by simplified leucovorin plus bolus and infusional fluorouracil until progression (arm 1 or maintenance arm, n = 98) or six cycles of mFOLFOX7 before a complete stop of chemotherapy (arm 2 or chemotherapy-free interval [CFI] arm, n = 104). Reintroduction of mFOLFOX7 was scheduled after tumor progression in both arms. The primary study end point was duration of disease control (DDC).ResultsMedian DDC was 13.1 months in patients assigned to the maintenance arm and 9.2 months in patients assigned to the CFI arm (P = .046). Median progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival were 8.6 and 23.8 months, respectively, in the maintenance arm and 6.6 and 19.5 months, respectively, in the CFI arm. Median duration of maintenance therapy (arm 1) and CFIs (arm 2) were 4.8 months and 3.9 months, respectively. Overall response rates were 59.2% and 59.6% for the initial FOLFOX chemotherapy and 20.4% and 30.3% for FOLFOX reintroduction in arms 1 and 2, respectively.ConclusionThe planned complete discontinuation of chemotherapy had a negative impact on DDC and PFS compared with the maintenance therapy strategy. These results suggest that chemotherapy discontinuation cannot be decided before therapy is initiated in patients with advanced colorectal cancer.
Títulos científicos en lengua española: Estudio exploratorio
Authors: Soler Viviana 
Published: September 2009

ResumenEste trabajo, continuación de un estudio exploratorio anterior (Soler, English for Specific Purposes 26: 90–102, 2007), tiene como objetivo: i) registrar las configuraciones estructurales más recurrentes de títulos de artículos de investigación y de artículos de revisión redactados en lengua española en dos grandes áreas disciplinares: las ciencias biológicas y las ciencias sociales; e ii) intentar determinar si las construcciones estructurales encontradas pueden considerarse como variables genéricas y/o disciplinares. Para tal fin, se construyó una base de datos con 570 títulos de los cuales 480 son títulos de artículos de investigación y los restantes 90 son títulos de artículos de revisión. Se hizo un recuento de palabra por palabra en cada título para establecer su extensión y se registraron separadamente todas las construcciones estructurales encontradas, a saber: grupos nominales, títulos compuestos, títulos con estructura de oración completa y títulos con estructura de pregunta. Los resultados corroboran el predominio de la construcción de grupo nominal como estrategia para anunciar el objeto de estudio y también permiten interpretar las restantes construcciones detectadas como variables principalmente disciplinares. Las tendencias registradas en el presente estudio contribuyen a fijar lineamientos sobre cómo guiar a los científicos noveles para redactar títulos apropiadamente en estrecha relación con el género seleccionado y la disciplina de su campo de estudio.
Field Performance and Accelerated Weathering of High Performance Acrylic and Polyurethane Sealants for Tilt-Up Applications
Authors: Demarest V. , Liss A. , Queenan R. , Gorman P. 
Published: September 2009

Abstract
To demonstrate the suitability of high performance acrylic sealants to low rise industrial construction applications, a laboratory prepared high performance acrylic sealant was compared to a commonly used, commercially available two part polyurethane sealant. The centerpiece of this comparison is an exterior exposure in El Paso, TX, in which the two sealants were professionally installed in alternating joints around the perimeter of a tilt-up warehouse. The sealants were also subjected to a battery of laboratory tests, including tensile testing, sealant specification testing, paintability, and accelerated weathering in both xenon arc and fluorescent UV devices. The 3 year El Paso exposure results, in combination with the laboratory, weathering, and application test results, demonstrate the performance advantages of the high performance acrylic sealant and highlight its inherent suitability for use in low rise industrial applications such as tilt-up warehouses.
Characterization of Serpentinites for Potential Use as Dimension Stone
Authors: Ismael I. S. , Hassan M. S. 
Published: September 2009

Abstract
Serpentinites are widely distributed in Egypt, particularly in central and southern parts of the Eastern Desert. There are several inter-related factors that affect the use of serpentinites as dimension stone. These factors involve mineralogical characteristics (including mineral compositions and microstructural parameters), physical properties, and mechanical properties. The main factor identified in this study is orientation of foliation planes in serpentinites. Samples that are selected parallel to foliation planes have higher mechanical properties than those perpendicular to it. Antigorite is the essential serpentinite mineral with minor amounts of chrysotile. Talc, carbonates (magnesite and dolomite), and tremolite are the main associated minerals. Quality and quantity of associated minerals such as talc and carbonates greatly influence the proper use of serpentinites as dimension stone. Studied serpentinites are characterized by relatively small grain size and foliated texture, low water absorption, low porosity, and high abrasion resistance. Physico-mechanical properties of studied serpentinites as well as mineralogical characteristics lead us to conclude that these serpentinites are suitable for specific applications as dimension stone.
Promoted Ignition-Combustion Behavior of Cobalt and Nickel Alloys in Oxygen-Enriched Atmospheres
Authors: Million Joseph F. , Samant Anand V. , Zawierucha Robert 
Published: September 2009

Abstract
Promoted ignition-combustion behavior has been used to describe a situation in which a substance with low oxygen compatibility ignites and supports the combustion of a more combustion-resistant material. Previous work has been reported on the investigation of this phenomenon as it relates to carbon steel, stainless steels, and a number of significant engineering alloys in the nickel, cobalt, and copper families. Reported in this paper are the results of promoted ignition-combustion tests of three cobalt based alloys in oxygen-enriched atmospheres at pressures ranging from 2.86 to 34.5 MPa. Included in the test program were Stellite 6, a commonly used hard facing alloy and two high strength cobalt alloys—MP35N and Elgiloy. Also reported in this paper are the results of promoted ignition-combustion tests of four nickel based alloys in oxygen-enriched atmospheres at pressures up to 34.5 MPa. Nickel alloys evaluated in the program included Hastelloys B-3 and W, RA 330, and a cast variant of the Hastelloy C type, CW6M. Hastelloy B-3 and CW6M are used in chemical process industry applications where corrosion is of concern. RA 330 is a significant elevated temperature alloy. Hastelloy W is a filler metal used for dissimilar metal welds.
Definition of the Influence of Pore Size on the Fatigue Limit Using Short Crack Propagation Experiments
Authors: Oberwinkler C. , Leitner H. , Eichlseder W. 
Published: September 2009

Abstract
Aluminium high pressure die casting is used to reduce costs and weight of various components in the automotive industry. The main problem of components made by pressure die casting is connected with inherent flaws (porosity, oxide skins, etc.), which can hardly be avoided. Today the fatigue calculation of aluminium high pressure die cast parts is usually performed using two S/N curves—one account for the flawed basic material and one for the pore-free surface layer. This does not provide an accurate estimate for the computation of the lifetime or safety against failure of the component. In a cast component the number and size of pores increases towards the center. As a consequence the fatigue strength decreases. This inhomogeneous distribution throughout the component has to be taken into account for a realistic estimation of the fatigue strength. To do so, two models are required—one to compute the pore size distribution in the component [Oberwinkler, C., Leitner, H., and Eichlseder, W. “Improvement of an Existing Model to Estimate the Pore Distribution for A Fatigue Proof Design of Al HPDC Components,” TMS 2009, Shape Casting: 3rd Int. Symposium, 2009] and a material model [Oberwinkler, C., Leitner, H., and Eichlseder, W. “Computation of Fatigue Safety Factors for High-Pressure Die Cast (HPDC) Aluminium Components Taking into Account the Pore Size Distribution,” SAE World Congress 2009], which describes the influence of the defect size on the fatigue strength. This paper focuses on the definition of the correlation between the fatigue strength and the pore size. The lifetime of a component is defined by the crack growth if the crack initiation period can be neglected. Casting defects usually show high stress concentration factors due to their irregular shapes where cracks initiate. In this case the defect size is a part of the total crack length. Pores can be considered as physically short cracks because of their size of approximately 10–500 μm. The El-Haddad equation [El Haddad, M. H., Smith, K. N., and Topper, T. H., “Fatigue Crack Propagation of Short Cracks,” ASME Transactions, Vol. 101, 1979, pp. 42–46] has been used to describe the influence of the defect size on the fatigue strength. Short crack experiments have been performed to show that due to the shorter cracks the threshold stress intensity factor decreases below the threshold stress intensity factor of long cracks.
Laboratory Performance Evaluation of Subgrade Soils Stabilized with Sulfate-Bearing Cementitious Additives
Authors: Solanki Pranshoo , Zaman Musharraf M. 
Published: September 2009

AbstractA laboratory study was conducted on both raw and stabilized soil specimens to evaluate the performance of two subgrade soils stabilized with three different additives, namely, hydrated lime (or lime), class C fly ash (CFA), and cement kiln dust (CKD). Lime, CFA, and CKD have low sulfate (&lt;40 ppm), moderate sulfate (≈3,280 ppm), and high sulfate content (≈28,133 ppm), respectively. Cylindrical specimens were prepared with different percentages of additives and cured for 28 days. Following the curing period, specimens were tested for resilient modulus (Mr), and unconfined compressive strength tests (UCS), representing short-term performance. Long-term laboratory performance (or durability) was evaluated in terms of moisture susceptibility (tube suction test) and three-dimensional (3D) swell during 60-day capillary soaking of cured specimens. At the end of 60 days, the specimens were also tested for Mr and UCS, as additional indicators to long-term subgrade performance. Short-term performance evaluation projected 15 % CKD with the highest improvement after 28 days of curing, while long-term performance evaluation showed 9 % lime providing maximum enhancements in Mr and UCS values after 60 days of capillary soaking. The study further indicated decrease in durability of specimens stabilized with CKD; however, lime and CFA helped by reducing 3D swell and moisture susceptibility. This difference in behavior was attributed to the presence of elevated levels of sulfate in CKD resulting in sulfate-induced heaving of stabilized soil specimens. Mineralogical studies such as scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectroscopy were also used to verify the research findings observed from the macro test results.
Higher Cumulative Doses of Erythropoietin and Developmental Outcomes in Preterm Infants
Authors: Brown Mark S. , Eichorst Delphine , LaLa-Black Brenda , Gonzalez Robin 
Published: September 2009

OBJECTIVE: We hypothesized that higher cumulative doses of recombinant erythropoietin (rEPO) for extremely preterm infants during the first 6 postnatal weeks would improve developmental outcomes, as evidenced in evaluations with the Bayley Scales of Infant Development-II Revised.
METHODS: This was a retrospective cohort study with a data set for a group (N = 366) of infants of &lt;1500 g and ≤30 weeks of gestation that was created initially to examine the association between rEPO treatment and retinopathy of prematurity. Infants who underwent developmental follow-up evaluations at corrected age of &gt;12 months were included. The associations between rEPO doses and higher Bayley Scales of Infant Development Psychomotor Developmental Index and Mental Developmental Index (MDI) scores were estimated in multivariate linear regression analyses.
RESULTS: Eighty-two infants underwent developmental evaluations after 12 months. The median age of evaluation was 25 months. The median 6-week cumulative rEPO dose was 3750 U/kg. In multivariate analyses, Psychomotor Developmental Index (PDI) scores were associated with transfusions, female gender, birth weight, and 5-minute Apgar scores (R2 = 0.39). MDI scores were associated with 6-week rEPO dose, female gender, prenatal steroid treatment for ≥48 hours, and breast milk feedings (R2 = 0.40).
CONCLUSIONS: These findings identify a dose-response relationship between rEPO treatment and improved MDI scores. They are consistent with findings of adult studies and animal brain injury models and await confirmation.
Associations Between Parenting Styles and Teen Driving, Safety-Related Behaviors and Attitudes
Authors: Ginsburg Kenneth R. , Durbin Dennis R. , García-España J. Felipe , Kalicka Ewa A. , Winston Flaura K. 
Published: September 2009

OBJECTIVE: The goal was to explore the association between parenting style and driving behaviors.METHODS: The 2006 National Young Driver Survey gathered data on driving safety behaviors from a nationally representative sample of 5665 ninth-, 10th-, and 11th-graders. A parenting style variable was based on adolescent reports and separated parents into 4 groups, (1) authoritative (high support and high rules/monitoring), (2) authoritarian (low support and high rules/monitoring), (3) permissive (high support and low rules/monitoring), and (4) uninvolved (low support and low rules/monitoring). Associations between parenting style and driving behaviors and attitudes were assessed.RESULTS: One half of parents were described as authoritative, 23% as permissive, 8% as authoritarian, and 19% as uninvolved. Compared with teens with uninvolved parents, those with authoritative parents reported one half the crash risk in the past year (odds ratio [OR]: 0.47 [95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.26–0.87]), were 71% less likely to drive when intoxicated (OR: 0.29 [95% CI: 0.19–0.44]), and were less likely to use a cellular telephone while driving (OR: 0.71 [95% CI: 0.50–0.99]). Teens with authoritative or authoritarian parents reported using seat belts nearly twice as often (authoritative: OR: 1.94 [95% CI: 1.49–2.54]; authoritarian: OR: 1.85 [95% CI: 1.08–3.18]) and speeding one half as often (authoritative: OR: 0.47 [95% CI: 0.36–0.61]; authoritarian: OR: 0.63 [95% CI: 0.40–0.99]) as teens with uninvolved parents. No significant differences in crash risk or seat belt use were found between permissive and uninvolved parents.CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians should encourage parents to set rules and to monitor teens' driving behaviors, in a supportive context.
Implementing Electronic Health Record-Based Quality Measures for Developmental Screening
Authors: Jensen Roxanne E. , Chan Kitty S. , Weiner Jonathan P. , Fowles Jinnet B. , Neale Shannon M. 
Published: September 2009

OBJECTIVE: The goal was to examine the current abilities and future potential of electronic health record (EHR) systems to measure childhood developmental screening and follow-up rates in primary care settings.METHODS: A group of pediatric clinicians and health informatics experts was convened to develop quality indicators reflecting different aspects of the developmental screening process. These indicators included the administration of a standardized, validated instrument to screen children for developmental delays, the documentation of abnormal screening results, and the provision of follow-up care. Six integrated provider systems across the United States, with fully implemented EHR systems, were evaluated to determine the feasibility of implementing these measures within each system. Barriers related to measure implementation were identified.RESULTS: The EHR systems of all 6 health care organizations could implement measures examining developmental screening rates and could identify and track children with abnormal screening results. However, most of the systems did not have the ability to capture data for more-complex EHR-based measures. In particular, data elements based on workflow actions could not be captured with current EHR system designs.CONCLUSIONS: This study identified 2 main barriers to the implementation of developmental quality measures: concerns about data reliability and the tracking of care coordination within patient records. Potential solutions to these problems, including terminology standardization, patient portal use, and use of a single developmental screening instrument, are discussed.
Beliefs and Barriers to Follow-up After an Emergency Department Asthma Visit: A Randomized Trial
Authors: Zorc Joseph J. , Chew Amber , Allen Julian L. , Shaw Kathy 
Published: September 2009

BACKGROUND: Studies in urban emergency departments (EDs) have found poor quality of chronic asthma care and identified beliefs and barriers associated with low rates of follow-up with a primary care provider (PCP).
OBJECTIVES: To develop an ED-based intervention including asthma symptom screening, a video addressing beliefs and a mailed reminder; and measure the effect on PCP follow-up and asthma-related outcomes.
METHODS: This randomized, controlled trial enrolled children aged 1 to 18 years who were discharged after asthma treatment in an urban pediatric ED. Control subjects received instructions to follow-up with a PCP within 3 to 5 days. In addition, intervention subjects (1) received a letter to take to their PCP if they screened positive for persistent asthma symptoms, (2) viewed a video featuring families and providers discussing the importance of asthma control, and (3) received a mailed reminder to follow-up with a PCP. All subjects were contacted by telephone 1, 3, and 6 months after the ED visit, and follow-up was confirmed by PCP record review. Asthma-related quality of life (AQoL), symptoms, and beliefs about asthma care were assessed by using validated surveys.
RESULTS: A total of 433 subjects were randomly assigned, and baseline measures were similar between study groups. After the intervention and before ED discharge, intervention subjects were more likely to endorse beliefs about the benefits of follow-up than controls. However, rates of PCP follow-up during the month after the ED visit (44.5%) were similar to control subjects (43.8%) as were AQoL, medication use, and ED visits.
CONCLUSIONS: An ED-based intervention influenced beliefs but did not increase PCP follow-up or asthma-related outcomes.