bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Determinants of Hearing Aid Acquisition in Older Adults
Authors: Fischer Mary E. , Cruickshanks Karen J. , Wiley Terry L. , Klein Barbara E. K. , Klein Ronald , Tweed Ted S. 
Published: June 2011

Objectives. We determined factors associated with hearing aid acquisition in older adults. Methods. We conducted a population-based, prospective study that used information from 3 examinations performed on study participants as part of the Epidemiology of Hearing Loss Study (1993–2005). We included participants (n = 718; mean age = 70.5 years) who exhibited hearing loss at baseline or the first follow-up and had no prior history of hearing aid use. We defined hearing loss as a pure tone threshold average (PTA) at 0.5, 1, 2, and 4 kilohertz in the better ear of greater than 25 decibels Hearing Level. Results. The 10-year cumulative incidence of hearing aid acquisition was 35.7%. Associated factors included education (college graduate vs all others: hazard ratio [HR] = 2.5; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.5, 4.1), self-perception of hearing (poor vs good or better: HR = 2.5; 95% CI = 1.3, 5.0), score on a perceived hearing handicap inventory (+ 1 difference: HR = 1.1; 95% CI = 1.0, 1.1), and PTA (+ 5 dB difference: HR = 1.4; 95% CI = 1.2, 1.6). Conclusions. The low rate of hearing aid ownership among older adults is a problem that still needs to be addressed.
Negative Aspects of Close Relationships as a Predictor of Increased Body Mass Index and Waist Circumference: The Whitehall II Study
Authors: Kouvonen Anne , Stafford Mai , De Vogli Roberto , Shipley Martin J. , Marmot Michael G. , Cox Tom , Vahtera Jussi , Väänänen Ari , Heponiemi Tarja , Singh-Manoux Archana , Kivimäki Mika 
Published: June 2011

Objectives. We investigated whether exposure to negative aspects of close relationships was associated with subsequent increase in body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference. Methods. Data came from a prospective cohort study (Whitehall II) of 9425 civil servants aged 35 to 55 years at baseline (phase 1: 1985–1988). We assessed negative aspects of close relationships with the Close Persons Questionnaire (range 0–12) at phases 1 and 2 (1989–1990). We measured BMI and waist circumference at phases 3 (1991–1994) and 5 (1997–1999). Covariates at phase 1 included gender, age, marital status, ethnicity, BMI, employment grade, smoking, physical activity, fruit and vegetable consumption, and common mental disorder. Results. After adjustment for sociodemographic characteristics and health behaviors, participants with higher exposure to negative aspects of close relationships had a higher likelihood of a 10% or greater increase in BMI and waist circumference (odds ratios per 1-unit increase 1.08 [95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.02, 1.14; P = .007] and 1.09 [CI = 1.04, 1.14; P ≤ .001], respectively) as well as a transition from the overweight (25 ≤ BMI < 30) to the obese (BMI ≥ 30) category. Conclusions. Adverse social relationships may contribute to weight gain.
The Quiet Revolution: Breastfeeding Transformed With the Use of Breast Pumps
Authors: Rasmussen Kathleen M. , Geraghty Sheela R. 
Published: June 2011

A quiet revolution has been taking place in the feeding of US infants in the form of women using electric breast pumps. This revolution in milk expression may be a boon for both mothers and infants if more infants are fed human milk or if they receive human milk for a longer period. Milk expression may also be problematic for mothers, and it may be particularly problematic for infants if they are fed too much, fed milk of an inappropriate composition, or fed milk that is contaminated. As a result, the time has come to determine the prevalence of exclusive and periodic breast milk expression and the consequences of these behaviors for the health of mothers and their infants.
Using the Tax System to Promote Physical Activity: Critical Analysis of Canadian Initiatives
Authors: von Tigerstrom Barbara , Larre Tamara , Sauder JoAnne 
Published: June 2011

In Canada, tax incentives have been recently introduced to promote physical activity and reduce rates of obesity. The most prominent of these is the federal government's Children's Fitness Tax Credit, which came into effect in 2007. We critically assess the potential benefits and limitations of using tax measures to promote physical activity.Careful design could make these measures more effective, but any tax-based measures have inherent limitations, and the costs of such programs are substantial.Therefore, it is important to consider whether public funds are better spent on other strategies that could instead provide direct public funding to address environmental and systemic factors.
Comparison of ceramic capillary membrane and ceramic tubular membrane with inserted static mixer
Authors: Gaspar Igor , Koris Andras , Bertalan Zsolt , Vatai Gyula 
Published: June 2011

AbstractOily wastewaters are produced in large amounts in many fields of food, mechanical, and other types of industry. In order to protect the environment, wastewaters must not be discharged directly into sewers. First, they must be cleaned at least down to 50 mg L−1 of oil content (according to Hungarian standard). In previous research, the authors found that oil-in-water emulsions can be separated with filtration using ceramic ultrafiltration tubular membranes. The relatively high price of ceramic membranes can be compensated by the fact that this separation process can be significantly intensified by static mixers inside the tubular membranes. New generations of ceramic membranes are the ceramic capillary membranes. These two different types of membranes and their effects on permeate flux, oil retention and specific energy consumption were compared in this work. The results, obtained with a stable oil-in-water emulsion as feed, showed that the use of novel ceramic capillary membranes at optimal operating cross-flow rate and transmembrane pressure is reasonable. The results have also shown the advantage of static mixing in the lumen side of the membrane tube providing a wider range of satisfactory separation level and increased permeate flux.
Diffusion et valorisation de l'art actuel en région
Authors: De Vrièse Muriel , Martin Bénédicte , Melin Corinne , Moureau Nathalie , Sagot-Duvauroux Dominique 
Published: June 2011

R éSUMé À partir de l'examen des différents canaux de diffusion et de valorisation de la création contemporaine dans les agglomérations de Lyon, Montpellier, Nantes, Le Havre et Rouen, l'étude propose une topographie des mondes de l'art actuel qui s'organise autour de pôles principaux : le monde institutionnel et le monde marchand, qui ont chacun leurs mondes intermédiaires. Elle identifie différents modèles économiques de l'art fondés sur une double distinction : économie d'œuvres versus économie de projet d'une part, innovation versus tradition d'autre part. L'étude propose une typologie inédite des galeries et met en évidence des profils d'artistes (formation, carrière, lieux de diffusion, rémunération) différents selon le modèle économique au sein duquel ces artistes évoluent.
L'objet propre de la logique
Authors: Bonnay Denis 
Published: June 2011

Résumé La logique est une théorie normative du raisonnement, qui vise à caractériser la classe des arguments déductifs valides en déterminant si la conclusion est conséquence logique des prémisses. Mais, selon la définition sémantique devenue classique, la caractérisation de la relation de conséquence logique dépend elle-même de la caractérisation de la classe des mots logiques, ces mots qui, comme « non », « et », « tous » ou « certains » servent à articuler nos raisonnements. J’examine dans cet article à quelles conditions une analyse conceptuelle des propriétés sémantiques des mots logiques permet d’éclairer et de compléter une analyse conceptuelle des propriétés distinctives de la relation de conséquence logique.
Alimentation et cancers. Personnes atteintes et autorités alternatives
Authors: Cohen Patrice , Legrand Emilie 
Published: June 2011

A partir d’un terrain effectué en Normandie conjointement auprès de personnes atteintes de cancer, au sein d’un centre officiel de cancérologie et dans des milieux non conventionnels, il est ici analysé l’influence des approches non conventionnelles dans le vécu alimentaire des personnes atteintes. A la recherche de solutions dans leur gestion du cancer et pour faire face aux effets secondaires de leurs traitements, ces personnes ne trouvant pas de réponses adaptées à leur situation et à leurs demandes dans le milieu de la cancérologie, mobilisent des représentations sociales et des pratiques alimentaires dont la cohérence ne peut se comprendre qu’au travers d’une mise en perspective des approches non conventionnelles du cancer. En identifiant des « autorités » alternatives à la cancérologie officielle s’étant singularisées en France pour leur approche de l’alimentation et dont l’influence est attestée sur notre terrain, des logiques sociales sont ici analysées attestant de leur audience auprès des personnes atteintes et auprès d’un public plus large. Ces approches, inscrites dans une culture de réforme alimentaire ayant émergée avec l’industrialisation, sont en adéquation avec des mouvements sociaux actuels (défense de la liberté des soins, pensée écologique, contre-culture médicale, protestation anti-libérale, et anti-lobbies pharmaceutiques et agro-alimentaires). La marginalisation de ces « autorités » par les instances officielles de la science est contrebalancée par la reconnaissance des malades, l’adhésion d’un certain nombre de médecins, et par la convergence revendiquée de leurs approches avec les nouvelles preuves scientifiques.
Synthesis of 4‐Aryl‐2(5H)‐furanones by Gold(I)‐Catalyzed Intramolecular Annulation
Authors: Sun Haifeng , Huang He , Zhang Dengyou , Feng Enguang , Qian Wangke , Zhang Lei , Chen Kaixian , Liu Hong 
Published: June 2011

AbstractA novel method that involves intramolecular annulation and a new type of rearrangement has been developed for the synthesis of 4‐aryl‐2(5H)‐furanones. A variety of prop‐2‐ynyl 3‐oxo‐3‐phenylpropanoates undergo annulation cyclization in the presence of chloro(triphenylphosphine)gold and trifluoromethanesulfonic to afford the desired products in moderate to high yields.
Pyrrole‐Assisted and Easy Oxidation of Cyclic α‐Amino Acid‐ Derived Diketopiperazines under Mild Conditions
Authors: Tian Hua , Ermolenko Ludmila , Gabant Marion , Vergne Carine , Moriou Céline , Retailleau Pascal , Al‐Mourabit Ali 
Published: June 2011

AbstractA new procedure for the aerobic oxidation of α‐amino acids acylated by pyrrole‐carboxylic acid with triplet dioxygen is introduced. The reaction is general for a variety of pyrrole‐amino acid derivatives and represents a very practical and controllable method for the selective preparation of α‐hydroperoxy‐ or α‐hydroxy‐α‐amino acid diketopiperazines with molecular dioxygen. Furthermore, the non‐catalyzed direct oxidation of amino acid derivatives at the α‐position with molecular dioxygen represents a fundamental question.
POEMS syndrome: 2011 update on diagnosis, risk‐stratification, and management
Authors: Dispenzieri Angela 
Published: June 2011

AbstractDisease overviewPOEMS syndrome is a paraneoplastic syndrome due to an underlying plasma cell neoplasm. The major criteria for the syndrome are polyradiculoneuropathy, clonal plasma cell disorder (PCD), sclerotic bone lesions, elevated vascular endothelial growth factor, and the presence of Castleman disease. Minor features include organomegaly, endocrinopathy, characteristic skin changes, papilledema, extravascular volume overload, and thrombocytosis. Diagnoses are often delayed because the syndrome is rare and can be mistaken for other neurologic disorders, most commonly chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy. POEMS syndrome should be distinguished from the Castleman disease variant of POEMS syndrome, which has no clonal PCD and typically little to no peripheral neuropathy but has several of the minor diagnostic criteria for POEMS syndrome.Diagnosis:The diagnosis of POEMS syndrome is made with three of the major criteria, two of which must include polyradiculoneuropathy and clonal plasma cell disorder, and at least one of the minor criteria.Risk stratification:Because the pathogenesis of the syndrome is not well understood, risk stratification is limited to clinical phenotype rather than specific molecular markers. The number of clinical criteria is not prognostic, but the extent of the plasma cell disorder is. Those patients with an iliac crest bone marrow biopsy that does not reveal a plasma cell clone are candidates for local radiation therapy; those with a more extensive or disseminated clone will be candidates for systemic therapy.Risk‐adapted therapy:For those patients with a dominant sclerotic plasmacytoma, first line therapy is irradiation. Patients with diffuse sclerotic lesions or disseminated bone marrow involvement and for those who have progression of their disease 3 to 6 months after completing radiation therapy should receive systemic therapy. Corticosteroids are temporizing, but alkylators are the mainstay of treatment, either in the form of low dose conventional therapy or high dose with stem cell transplantation. The benefit of anti‐VEGF antibodies is conflicting. Lenalidomide shows promise with manageable toxicity. Thalidomide and bortezomib also have activity, but their benefit needs to be weighed against their risk of exacerbating the peripheral neuropathy. Prompt recognition and institution of both supportive care measures and therapy directed against the plasma cell result in the best outcomes. Am. J. Hematol. 86:592–601, 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Nutritional vulnerability in Mbyá‐Guaraní adolescents and adults from Misiones, Argentina
Authors: Zonta María L. , Oyhenart Evelia E. , Navone Graciela T. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractObjectives:The aim of this study was to evaluate the nutritional status and body composition in Mbyá‐Guaraní adolescents and adults from three communities in the Province of Misiones, in northern Argentina.Methods:Anthropometric parameters were analyzed in 45 individuals (aged 14–60). Data were transformed to z‐scores using NHANES I and II.Results:Ninety‐three percent of the sample showed some kind of malnutrition (undernutrition and/or excess of weight). Stunting and overweight reached the highest prevalences (85.0 and 10.0%, respectively). The most Mbyá people were found to have low arm muscle and fat areas. They also tended to have shorter than normal lower limbs. Centralized obesity was evident in both sexes and in all the age intervals.Conclusions:Extreme poverty, together with changes in life habits and diet composition, resulted in decrease of body size and changes in body proportions and composition. Although these changes could be considered as an adaptive response to the chronic exposure of these populations to adverse environmental conditions, they would favor the co‐occurrence of malnutrition and overweight in a single scenario, and consequently increase the risk of infectious and nontransmissible diseases. Am. J. Hum. Biol. 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Does sitting height ratio affect estimates of obesity prevalence among Canadian Inuit? results from the 2007–2008 Inuit health survey
Authors: Galloway Tracey , Chateau‐Degat Marie‐Ludivine , Egeland Grace M. , Young T. Kue 
Published: June 2011

AbstractObjectives:High sitting height ratio (SHR) is a characteristic commonly associated with Inuit morphology. Inuit are described as having short leg lengths and high trunk‐to‐stature proportions such that cutoffs for obesity derived from European populations may not adequately describe thresholds of disease risk. Further, high SHR may help explain the reduced impact of BMI on metabolic risk factors among Inuit relative to comparison populations. This study investigates the relationship between SHR and body mass index (BMI) in Inuit.Methods:Subjects are 2,168 individuals (837 males and 1,331 females) from 36 Inuit communities in the Canadian Arctic. Mean age is 42.63 ± 14.86 years in males and 41.71 ± 14.83 years in females. We use linear regression to examine the association between age, sex, height, sitting height, SHR, waist circumference (WC), and BMI. We then evaluate the efficacy of the relative sitting height adjustment as a method of correcting observed BMI to a population‐standardized SHR.Results:Mean BMI is significantly higher than among non‐Inuit Canadians. Obesity prevalence is high, particularly among Inuit women. In the regression, only age and WC are significant predictors of BMI. While SHR is significantly greater than that of the US population, there is substantial agreement between overweight and obesity prevalence using observed and corrected BMI.Conclusions:We find no consistent relationship between SHR and BMI and suggest the unique anthropometric and metabolic profile observed in Inuit arise from factors not yet delineated. More complex anthropometric and imaging studies in Inuit are needed. Am. J. Hum. Biol., 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Spray drying technique to produce controlled release formulations of zidovudine—an anti‐HIV drug
Authors: Mundargi Raghavendra C. , Rangaswamy Vidhya , Aminabhavi Tejraj M. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractThis article explores the application of spray drying technique to produce microparticles of poly(D,L‐lactide‐co‐glycolic acid) (PLGA), as well as di‐block copolymer of polylactic acid (PLA) and polyethylene glycol (PEG) (PLA‐PEG), containing zidovudine (AZT), an anti‐HIV drug, to achieve its controlled release over an extended period of time. Of the two polymers studied, PLGA is hydrophobic, whereas PLA‐PEG is hydrophilic and the drug, AZT is water‐soluble. Formulations were developed containing 10 and 25 wt % of AZT giving encapsulation efficiencies (EE) of 66 to 86% for PLGA and 90 to 94% for PLA‐PEG di‐block copolymer. All the formulations were characterized by Fourier transform spectroscopy (FTIR) to investigate the interaction of AZT with polymers and to characterize PLA‐PEG. NMR was also employed to confirm the formation of PLA‐PEG. X‐ray diffraction was used to understand the molecular level dispersion of AZT within the polymeric matrices, while differential scanning calorimetry was employed to assess thermal properties. Scanning electron microscopy was employed to understand the surface morphology of AZT‐loaded microparticles. In vitro release experiments performed in pH 7.4 buffer media extended the release of AZT up to 125 h with PLGA, whereas 30 h were required for releasing AZT through PLA‐PEG microparticles. Cumulative release data were fitted to an empirical equation to understand the nature of release characteristics. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 000: 000–000, 2011
A novel approach to prepare PA6/Fe3O4 microspheres for protein immobilization
Authors: Cai Xiaoxia , Zhang Yanglan , Wu Guozhang 
Published: June 2011

AbstractA novel method for preparation of polymer‐based magnetic microspheres was proposed by utilizing melt reactive blending, which was based on selective location of Fe3O4 nanoparticles in PA6 domain of polystyrene (PS)/polyamide 6 (PA6) immiscible blends. The results showed that most of Fe3O4 was located in the PA6 microspheres. Magnetization data revealed the magnetite content of PA6/Fe3O4 microsphere could be up to 54 wt % with strong magnetic responsibility and high saturation magnetization. Carboxyl functional group, bonded with PA6/Fe3O4 microsphere by copolymerization of acrylic acid with PA6 chain in different concentration ethanoic acid (HAc) solution, was used as a ligand for protein adsorption. The amount of adsorbed bovine serum albumin (BSA) was optimized by changing the medium pH and the initial concentrations of BSA. The results denoted that the adsorption capacity of BSA reaches 215 mg/g microspheres, showing potentials to promising applications in bioseparation and biomedical fields. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011.
Improvement of interface interaction and conductive anodic filament resistance through amphiphilic oligomeric silane
Authors: Su Huihuang , Zhong Xinhui , Zhan Guozhu , Yu Yingfeng , Gan Wenjun 
Published: June 2011

AbstractIn this article, an amphiphilic oligomeric silane (OS) was synthesized as a coupling agent to improve the interface bonding between resin matrix and glass fiber. The effect of the OS coupling agent on the interface of glass fiber/epoxy resin was studied by contact angle measurement, gravimetric measurements of water sorption, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy (EDX), and conductive anodic filament (CAF) resistance test. With the addition of the OS to the composites, the contact angle between epoxy resin and glass fiber decrease notably. Normalized water sorption by gravimetric measurements showed that the interfacial debonding time of composites with the OS can be prolonged significantly. CAF tests were also consistent with the water sorption results, which suggest that the gravimetric measurement of water sorption is a cost‐effective method to assess the CAF resistance of materials. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011.
Synthesis and Anticancer Activity of Isatin‐Based Pyrazolines and Thiazolidines Conjugates
Authors: Havrylyuk Dmytro , Kovach Natalya , Zimenkovsky Borys , Vasylenko Olexandr , Lesyk Roman 
Published: June 2011

AbstractThe synthesis and antitumor activity screening of novel isatin based conjugates with thiazolidine and pyrazoline moieties were performed. Reaction of 3,5‐diaryl‐4,5‐dihydropyrazoles with chloroacetyl chloride yielded starting 2‐chloro‐1‐(3,5‐diaryl‐4,5‐dihydropyrazol‐1‐yl)‐ethanones which were utilized in alkylation of isatin and 5‐bromoisatin. Thus, corresponding 1‐[2‐(3,5‐diaryl‐4,5‐dihydropyrazol‐1‐yl)‐2‐oxoethyl]‐1H‐indole‐2,3‐diones (1a–1d) have been obtained. The compounds 1a–1d have been used in Knoevenagel condensation with 4‐thiazolidinones for obtaining a series of 5‐ylidenederivatives 2a–2f and 3a–3d. The synthesized compounds were tested for their anticancer activity in NCI60 cell lines. Among the tested compounds, 5‐bromo‐1‐{2‐[5‐(4‐chlorophenyl)‐3‐(4‐methoxyphenyl)‐4,5‐dihydropyrazol‐1‐yl]‐2‐oxoethyl}‐1H‐indole‐2,3‐dione (1d) was found to be the most active candidate with selective influence on leukemia subpanel tumor cell lines with GI50 values range of 0.69–3.35 µM.
Design, Synthesis, and Preliminary Activity Evaluation of Novel Peptidomimetics as Aminopeptidase N/CD13 Inhibitors
Authors: Li Xun , Wang Junli , Zhang Lei , Xu Wenfang 
Published: June 2011

AbstractThe synthesis of a series of novel N‐α‐galloylated isoglutamic acid γ‐amide peptidomimetics is described. Their enzymatic inhibition against aminopeptidase N (APN/CD13) and matrix metalloproteinase‐2 (MMP‐2) was tested. The preliminary activity assay revealed that most of the compounds displayed selective inhibition against APN as compared with MMP‐2, with IC50 values in a micromolar range. Within this series, compound 4 (IC50 = 10.2 ± 0.9 µM) demonstrated comparable APN inhibition as compared with the positive control bestatin (IC50 = 13.1 ± 0.7 µM), which might be a promising lead for further molecular optimizations.
Synthetic biology methodology and model refinement based on microelectronic modeling tools and languages
Authors: Gendrault Yves , Madec Morgan , Lallement Christophe , Pecheux François , Haiech Jacques 
Published: June 2011

AbstractIn microelectronics, the design of new systems is based on a proven time‐tested design flow. The goal of this paper is to determine to what extend this design flow can be adapted to biosystem design. The presented methodology is based on a top‐down approach and consists of starting with a behavioral description of the system to progressively refine it to its final low‐level system representation, composed of DNA parts. To preserve accuracy and simplicity, the design flow relies on refined models of biological mechanisms, which can be expressed by the hardware description languages and simulation tools traditionally used in microelectronics. A case study, the complete modeling of a priority encoder, is presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the method.