bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association between psychosomatic symptoms and work stress among Taiwan police officers
Authors: Chueh Ke‐Hsin , Yen Cheng‐Fang , Lu Luo , Yang Mei‐Sang 
Published: February 2011

AbstractThe aim of the study was to explore the association between the severity of psychosomatic symptoms and perceived work stress among male police officers in southern Taiwan. By stratified random sampling, a total of 698 male police officers were recruited into this study (the response rate was 73.4%; 512 of 698). A structured self‐administered questionnaire on demographic and working characteristics, the severity of psychosomatic symptoms, perceived work stress, and social support was used to collect data anonymously. The results of multiple regression analysis revealed that (1) the police officers who perceived high‐work stress reported more severe psychosomatic symptoms than those who perceived low‐work stress; and (2) perceived social support had a moderating effect on the association between severity of psychosomatic symptoms and perceived work stress. Perceived work stress is an indicator of psychosomatic symptoms in police officers. Strategies for reducing psychosomatic symptoms of police officers include police administrators taking into account the level of work stress as well as more attention being paid to the resources of social support.
Mobile mercury species in soils of natural and natural-technogenic landscapes
Authors: Malikova I.N. , Anoshin G.N. , Badmaeva Zh.O. 
Published: February 2011

Abstract
Literature data on mercury contents in natural waters are reviewed. Soils from natural and natural-technogenic landscapes of southern West Siberia are studied, and the solubility of their mercury in water, ammonium acetate, and hydrochloric extracts is determined. The concentrations of mercury from natural soils in water and ammonium extracts (0.045–0.060 μg/l) are consistent with its calculated approximate average solubility in unpolluted waters reported in the literature.
The average content of mercury in extracts from urbanized soils is higher: its solubility in water extracts is 5.6–6.9 times higher; in ammonium acetate extracts, 3.8–12.4 times; and in hydrochloric extracts, 1.3–1.6 times. The boundary values of mercury solubility in water and ammonium acetate extracts from the studied soils (0.07–0.10 μg/l) permit revealing technogenic pollution at its early stages.
Changes in the daily geomagnetic variation during the total solar eclipse of 1 August 2008
Authors: Ladynin A.V. , Semakov N.N. , Khomutov S.Yu. 
Published: February 2011

Abstract
Geomagnetic measurements during the total solar eclipse of August 1, 2008 in Novosibirsk (Klyuchi Observatory, NVS) and at the Burmistrovo station located on the total eclipse axis revealed eclipse-induced changes against the background of the normal daily variation. The main changes are a decrease in the X (north) component and an increase in the inclination I. Similar changes were recorded at the LZH observatory in China. Analysis of data on the eclipse of August 11, 1999 in Europe failed to unambiguously reveal eclipse effects against intense variations of ionospheric origin which occurred at the same universal time (UT). The geomagnetic effect of the solar eclipse may be due to a decrease in the electron concentration in the ionosphere and the corresponding decrease in the ionospheric current density.
Fluid-dynamic modeling of mud volcanism
Authors: Domanskii A.V. , Ershov V.V. 
Published: February 2011

Abstract
The eruptive behavior of mud volcanoes has been explored in several forward and inversion models. The forward models, based on classical continuum-mechanics, simulate the non-stationary processes of gas seepage and two-phase gas-mud flow through the conduit of a mud volcano, as well as the quasi-stationary gas frontal drive that pushes mud out, and the subsequent gas escape into the air. Forward modeling is performed with reference to the pressure and temperature dependence of the gas viscosity and compressibility. The inversion for the depth to the mud column base has yielded an unambiguous solution. According to the modeling results, the depths to the mud base and to the gas reservoir are controlled mainly by conduit permeability, while the interval between two successive eruption events depends on the gas/mud viscosity ratio. The modeling has allowed estimates for the mud breccia portion remaining in the conduit by the time of eruption, and for the subsurface volcano thickness inferred using a hydraulic-fracture model of the related gryphon field, and for the rate of gas release at the beginning of an eruption.
Enclosing in God's Name, Accumulating for Mankind: Money, Morality, and Accumulation in John Locke's Theory of Property
Authors: Ince Onur Ulas 
Published: February 2011

AbstractJohn Locke's theory of property has been the subject of sustained contention between two major perspectives: a socioeconomic perspective, which conceives Locke's thought as an expression of the rising bourgeois sensibility and a defense of the nascent capitalist relations, and a theological perspective, which prioritizes his moral worldview grounded in the Christian natural law tradition. This essay argues that a closer analysis of Locke's theory of money in theSecond Treatisecan provide an alternative to this binary. It maintains that the notion of money comprises a conceptual area of indeterminacy in which the theological universals of the natural law and the historical fact of capital accumulation shade into each other. More specifically, the ambiguity of the status of money enables Locke to navigate an antinomy within the natural law such that he establishes a relation ofnecessitybetween the divinetelosand accumulative practices.
Response to “On Communitarian and Global Sources of Legitimacy”
Authors: Den Uyl Douglas J. 
Published: February 2011

Martha Nussbaum, in a reaction to the cultural relativism that pervades much of social science, made the following comment:Highly intelligent people, people deeply committed to the good of women and men in developing countries, people who think of themselves as progressive and feminist and antiracist, are taking up positions that converge … with the positions of reaction, oppression, and sexism. Under the banner of their radical and politically correct “antiessentialism” march ancient religious taboos, the luxury of the pampered husband, ill health, ignorance, and death. (And in my own essentialist way, I say it at the outset. I do hold that death is opposed to life in the most binary way imaginable, and slavery to freedom, and hunger to adequate nutrition, and ignorance to knowledge.)
Africa and America
Authors: Shepperson George 
Published: February 2011

(These notes were offered as a contribution to discussion at the nineteenth and twentieth century sessions of the Third Conference on African History and Archaeology at the London School of Oriental and African Studies, 3 - 7 July, 1961. Two additions - references 3 and 12 - have been made to the original notes.)The historical position of the United States in Subsaharan Africa has until recently been one of detachment. There have been official moves, as when in 1833 an agreement was concluded with the Sultan of Zanzibar which, among other things, permitted American consuls to reside in his ports and judge disputes involving U. S. citizens; or the recognition of the Congo Free State in 1884. On the whole, however, the United States has left Africa to the European powers who took over the responsibility of governing her peoples.
Stephen Crane: Classic at the Crossroads
Authors: Bradbury Malcolm , Goldman Arnold 
Published: February 2011

Vain, pushing, pretentious and unquestionably naive, Stephen Crane emerges from the collected letters as something less than one's idea of a literary genius. As Professor Stallman says in his introduction, the letters do give us “a new perspective” on Crane. Artists are notoriously self-contradictory, Professor Stallman tells us; but there is something disturbing about the contradictoriness of these letters, where Crane says one thing to one friend and something very different to another, makes high claims for himself in one letter and low ones in the next. The letters, indeed, tempt the reader to make an overall hypothesis about them; they may have the variousness of the complicated mind that makes an interesting personality (Stallman's reading of the case) or they may be the letters of a man whose largest aim in life was to dramatize himself and to impress others. He says in one letter (to John Northern Hilliard):The one thing that deeply pleases me in my literary life – brief and inglorious as it is – is the fact that men of sense believe me to be sincere…Personally I am aware that my work does not amount to a string of dried beans – I always calmly admit it…I go ahead, for I understand that a man is born into the world with his own pair of eyes, and he is not at all responsible for his vision – he is merely responsible for his quality of personal honesty. To keep close to this personal honesty is my supreme ambition. There is a sublime egotism in talking of honesty. I, however, do not say that I am honest. I merely say that I am as nearly honest as a weak mental machinery will allow. This aim in life struck me as being the only thing worth while. A man is sure to fail at it, but there is something in the failure.
Almost Isoperimetric Subsets of the Discrete Cube
Authors: ELLIS DAVID 
Published: February 2011

We show that a set A ⊂ {0, 1}n with edge-boundary of size at most

can be made into a subcube by at most (2ε/log2(1/ε))|A| additions and deletions, provided ε is less than an absolute constant.We deduce that if A ⊂ {0, 1}n has size 2t for some t ∈ ℕ, and cannot be made into a subcube by fewer than δ|A| additions and deletions, then its edge-boundary has size at least

provided δ is less than an absolute constant. This is sharp whenever δ = 1/2j for some j ∈ {1, 2, . . ., t}.
Prey bacteria shape the community structure of their predators
Authors: Chen Huan , Athar Rana , Zheng Guili , Williams Henry N 
Published: February 2011

Abstract
Although predator–prey interactions among higher organisms have been studied extensively, only few examples are known for microbes other than protists and viruses. Among the bacteria, the most studied obligate predators are the Bdellovibrio and like organisms (BALOs) that prey on many other bacteria. In the macroscopical world, both predator and prey influence the population size of the other's community, and may have a role in selection. However, selective pressures among prey and predatory bacteria have been rarely investigated. In this study, Bacteriovorax, a predator within the group of BALOs, in environmental waters were fed two prey bacteria, Vibrio vulnificus and Vibrio parahaemolyticus. The two prey species yielded distinct Bacteriovorax populations, evidence that selective pressures shaped the predator community and diversity. The results of laboratory experiments confirmed the differential predation of Bacteriovorax phylotypes on the two bacteria species. Not only did Bacteriovorax Cluster IX exhibit the versatility to be the exclusive efficient predator on Vibrio vulnificus, thereby, behaving as a specialist, but was also able to prey with similar efficiency on Vibrio parahaemolyticus, indicative of a generalist. Therefore, we proposed a designation of versatilist for this predator. This initiative should provide a basis for further efforts to characterize the predatory patterns of bacterial predators. The results of this study have revealed impacts of the prey on Bacteriovorax predation and in structuring the predator community, and advanced understanding of predation behavior in the microbial world.
Molecular interaction and functional regulation of connexin50 gap junctions by calmodulin
Authors: Chen Yanyi , Zhou Yubin , Lin Xianming , Wong Hing-Cheung , Xu Qin , Jiang Jie , Wang Siming , Lurtz Monica M. , Louis Charles F. , Veenstra Richard D. , Yang Jenny J. 
Published: February 2011

Cx50 (connexin50), a member of the α-family of gap junction proteins expressed in the lens of the eye, has been shown to be essential for normal lens development. In the present study, we identified a CaMBD [CaM (calmodulin)-binding domain] (residues 141–166) in the intracellular loop of Cx50. Elevations in intracellular Ca2+ concentration effected a 95% decline in gj (junctional conductance) of Cx50 in N2a cells that is likely to be mediated by CaM, because inclusion of the CaM inhibitor calmidazolium prevented this Ca2+-dependent decrease in gj. The direct involvement of the Cx50 CaMBD in this Ca2+/CaM-dependent regulation was demonstrated further by the inclusion of a synthetic peptide encompassing the CaMBD in both whole-cell patch pipettes, which effectively prevented the intracellular Ca2+-dependent decline in gj. Biophysical studies using NMR and fluorescence spectroscopy reveal further that the peptide stoichiometrically binds to Ca2+/CaM with an affinity of ~5 nM. The binding of the peptide expanded the Ca2+-sensing range of CaM by increasing the Ca2+ affinity of the C-lobe of CaM, while decreasing the Ca2+ affinity of the N-lobe of CaM. Overall, these results demonstrate that the binding of Ca2+/CaM to the intracellular loop of Cx50 is critical for mediating the Ca2+-dependent inhibition of Cx50 gap junctions in the lens of the eye.
Purification and characterization of a Ca2+-dependent novel lectin from Nymphaea nouchali tuber with antiproliferative activities
Authors: Kabir Syed Rashel , Zubair Md. Abu , Nurujjaman Md. , Haque Md. Azizul , Hasan Imtiaj , Islam Md. Farhadul , Hossain Md. Tanvir , Hossain Md. Anowar , Rakib Md. Abdur , Alam Mohammad Taufiq , Shaha Ranajit Kumar , Hossain Md. Tofazzal , Kimura Yoshinobu , Absar Nurul 
Published: February 2011

A lectin (termed NNTL) was purified from the extracts of Nymphaea nouchali tuber followed by anion-exchange chromatography on DEAE-cellulose, hydrophobic chromatography on HiTrap Phenyl HP and by repeated anion-exchange chromatography on HiTrap Q FF column. The molecular mass of the purified lectin was 27.0 ± 1.0 kDa, as estimated by SDS/PAGE both in the presence and in the absence of 2-mercaptoethanol. NNTL was an o-nitrophenyl β-D-galactopyranoside sugar-specific lectin that agglutinated rat, chicken and different groups of human blood cells and exhibited high agglutination activity over the pH range 5–9 and temperatures of 30–60°C. The N-terminal sequence of NNTL did not show sequence similarity with any other lectin and the amino acid analysis revealed that NNTL was rich in leucine, methionine and glycine residues. NNTL was a glycoprotein containing 8% neutral sugar and showed toxicity against brine shrimp nauplii with an LC50 value of 120 ± 29 μg/ml and exerted strong agglutination activity against four pathogenic bacteria (Bacillus subtilis, Sarcina lutea, Shigella shiga and Shigella sonnei). In addition, antiproliferative activity of this lectin against EAC (Ehrlich ascites carcinoma) cells showed 56% and 76% inhibition in vivo in mice at 1.5 and 3 mg·kg−1·day−1 respectively. NNTL was a divalent ion-dependent glycoprotein, which lost its activity markedly in the presence of denaturants. Furthermore, measurement of fluorescence spectra in the presence and absence of urea and CaCl2 indicated the requirement of Ca2+ for the stability of NNTL.
Is the beneficial effect of prior exercise on postprandial lipaemia partly due to redistribution of blood flow?
Authors: Hurren Nicholas M. , Balanos George M. , Blannin Andrew K. 
Published: February 2011

Preprandial aerobic exercise lowers postprandial lipaemia (a risk factor for coronary heart disease); however, the mechanisms responsible are still not clear. The present study investigated whether blood flow to skeletal muscle and/or the liver was increased in the postprandial period after exercise, relative to a control trial, and whether this resulted from increased cardiac output or redistribution of flow. Eight overweight inactive males, aged 49.4±10.5 years (mean±S.D.), acted as their own controls in a counterbalanced design, either walking briskly for 90 min at 60% V̇O2max (maximal oxygen uptake), or resting in the lab, on the evening of day 1. The following morning, a fasting blood sample was collected, participants consumed a high-fat breakfast, and further venous blood samples were drawn hourly for 6 h. Immediately after blood sampling, Doppler ultrasound was used to measure cardiac output and blood flow through both the femoral artery of one leg and the hepatic portal vein, with the ultrasonographer blinded to trial order. The total postprandial triacylglycerol response was 22% lower after exercise (P=0.001). Blood flow through the femoral artery and the hepatic portal vein was increased by 19% (P&lt;0.001) and 16% (P=0.033), respectively, during the 6-h postprandial period following exercise; however, postprandial cardiac output did not differ between trials (P=0.065). Redistribution of blood flow, to both exercised skeletal muscle and the liver, may therefore play a role in reducing the plasma triacylglycerol response to a high-fat meal on the day after an exercise bout.
Note: In situ cleavage of crystallographic oriented tips for scanning probe microscopy
Authors: Wutscher T. , Giessibl F. J. 
Published: February 2011

We report an in situ method of preparing tips for scanning probe microscopy (SPM). Oriented single-crystal nickel oxide (NiO) rods were diced, using a wafer saw, to prepare artificial breaking points. Two geometries, a single rod and a two-sided cut rod were fabricated. The cleavable tips were mounted to a force sensor based on a quartz tuning fork and cleaved using the coarse approach of the SPM. Atomically resolved force microscopy images of NiO (001) were taken with these NiO tips.
Automated workflows for accurate mass-based putative metabolite identification in LC/MS-derived metabolomic datasets
Authors: Brown Marie , Wedge David C. , Goodacre Royston , Kell Douglas B. , Baker Philip N. , Kenny Louise C. , Mamas Mamas A. , Neyses Ludwig , Dunn Warwick B. 
Published: February 2011

AbstractMotivation: The study of metabolites (metabolomics) is increasingly being applied to investigate microbial, plant, environmental and mammalian systems. One of the limiting factors is that of chemically identifying metabolites from mass spectrometric signals present in complex datasets.Results: Three workflows have been developed to allow for the rapid, automated and high-throughput annotation and putative metabolite identification of electrospray LC-MS-derived metabolomic datasets. The collection of workflows are defined as PUTMEDID_LCMS and perform feature annotation, matching of accurate m/z to the accurate mass of neutral molecules and associated molecular formula and matching of the molecular formulae to a reference file of metabolites. The software is independent of the instrument and data pre-processing applied. The number of false positives is reduced by eliminating the inaccurate matching of many artifact, isotope, multiply charged and complex adduct peaks through complex interrogation of experimental data.Availability: The workflows, standard operating procedure and further information are publicly available at http://www.mcisb.org/resources/putmedid.html.Contact: warwick.dunn@manchester.ac.uk
Proteomics to go: Proteomatic enables the user-friendly creation of versatile MS/MS data evaluation workflows
Authors: Specht Michael , Kuhlgert Sebastian , Fufezan Christian , Hippler Michael 
Published: February 2011

Abstract
Summary: We present Proteomatic, an operating system independent and user-friendly platform that enables the construction and execution of MS/MS data evaluation pipelines using free and commercial software. Required external programs such as for peptide identification are downloaded automatically in the case of free software. Due to a strict separation of functionality and presentation, and support for multiple scripting languages, new processing steps can be added easily.
Availability and Implementation: Proteomatic is implemented in C++/Qt, scripts are implemented in Ruby, Python and PHP. All source code is released under the LGPL. Source code and installers for Windows, Mac OS X, and Linux are freely available at http://www.proteomatic.org.
Contact: michael.specht@uni-muenster.de
Supplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
What Have We Learned About Acute Pancreatitis in Children?
Authors: Bai Harrison X , Lowe Mark E , Husain Sohail Z 
Published: February 2011

ABSTRACTPediatric pancreatitis has received much attention during the past few years. Numerous reports have identified an increasing trend in the diagnosis of acute pancreatitis in children and key differences in disease presentation and management between infants and older children. The present review provides a brief, evidence‐based focus on the latest progress in the clinical field. It also poses important questions for emerging multicenter registries to answer about the natural history and management of affected children with pancreatitis.
Regulation of Solute Flux through Plasmodesmata in the Root Meristem
Authors: Rutschow Heidi L. , Baskin Tobias I. , Kramer Eric M. 
Published: February 2011

AbstractPlasmodesmata permit solutes to move between cells nonspecifically and without having to cross a membrane. This symplastic connectivity, while straightforward to observe using fluorescent tracers, has proven difficult to quantify. We use fluorescence recovery after photobleaching, combined with a mathematical model of symplastic diffusion, to assay plasmodesmata-mediated permeability in the Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) root meristem in wild-type and transgenic lines, and under selected chemical treatments. The permeability measured for the wild type is nearly 10-times greater than previously reported. Plamodesmal permeability remains constant in seedlings treated with auxin (30 nm indoleacetic acid for 2 and 24 h; 100 nm indoleacetic acid for 2 h); however, permeability is diminished in two lines previously reported to have impaired plasmodesmal function as well as in wild-type seedlings treated for 24 h with 0.6 mm tryptophan. Moreover, plasmodesmal permeability is strongly altered by applied hydrogen peroxide within 2 h of treatment, being approximately doubled at a low concentration (0.6 mm) and nearly eliminated at a higher one (6 mm). These results reveal that the plasmodesmata in the root meristem carry a substantial flux of small molecules and that this flux is subject to rapid regulation.