bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mapping flooded areas utilizing Google Earth Engine and open SAR data: a comprehensive approach for disaster response
Authors: Singh Gaurav , Rawat Kishan Singh 
Published: April 2024

AbstractOne of the most destructive and frequent natural disasters in the world, flash floods cause millions of people to be displaced annually in addition to seriously harming livelihoods and infrastructure. It affects many ecological components and applications related to water management, natural resources, agriculture, human health, and economics. Himachal Pradesh saw an unprecedented amount of rainfall in June and July 2023, which resulted in exceptionally strong monsoon conditions from July 7 to July 10. Operating out of the Meteorological Centre in Shimla, the India Meteorological Department reported widespread, unusually heavy rainfall throughout the state during this time. Cloud cover often obstructs optical satellite data during the monsoon season, which has led to the investigation of alternate techniques for mapping floods. the whole satellite image processing process was carried out using Google Earth Engine (GEE). The Kangra District's 5739 km2 area was chosen as the study's area of interest. In these circumstances, traditional methods of mapping and monitoring flood-prone areas frequently fall short because of poor visibility and overcast skies during bad weather. Technology such as Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) becomes a ray of hope during these desperate times. When SAR data is combined with Google Earth Engine, it becomes even more user-friendly. Using SAR data and the powerful cloud processing platform Google Earth Engine (GEE), this study suggests a flood mapping technique. When it comes to mapping flood areas, the strength of SAR data and GEE surpasses boundaries and challenges. It is evidence of both technological advancement and human inventiveness. Such tools are more critical than ever as the world deals with the increasing effects of climate change and the rising frequency of extreme weather events.
L’épuration professionnelle du monde du spectacle à la Libération
Authors: Le Bail Karine , Randon-Furling Julien 
Published: April 2024

Résumé
Rédigé par une historienne et un spécialiste de modélisation mathématique, cet article explore les enjeux épistémologiques de la collaboration interdisciplinaire à travers une étude de cas : l’épuration professionnelle du monde du spectacle à la Libération. Dans tout processus de justice, la question de l’équité, ou celle, équivalente, d’éventuelles discriminations, est difficile à instruire.
A fortiori
pour une épuration à caractère disciplinaire, où des artistes ont jugé leurs pairs. L’article montre que le formalisme mathématique, loin de se substituer à l’expertise historique, prolonge celle-ci par les moyens d’un autre langage, abstrait, enrichissant ainsi les modes d’accès au réel en faisant converger plusieurs dispositifs d’enquête. Progressant pas à pas dans la modélisation du problème et dans l’analyse des données, les deux chercheurs prennent soin d’expliciter les approches statistiques et mathématiques de plus en plus complexes qu’ils doivent mobiliser pour détecter des formes jurisprudentielles impossibles à capturer avec des outils classiques – jusqu’à l’idée originale de traiter un processus impliquant des décisions humaines comme un processus algorithmique complexe. Grâce au détournement d’une méthode d’inférence causale conçue pour étudier l’équité de certains processus algorithmiques de type « boîte noire », des résultats inédits, restés jusqu’alors totalement « cachés » dans les données, sont révélés et viennent, en retour, guider l’analyse historique.
Vietnamese Americans' level of trust in sources of information and willingness to participate in COVID-19 clinical trials
Authors: Vargas Shielene , Siddiqi Saba , King Ben , Nguyen Celine , Diep Jannette , Gilbert Lauren , Nguyen Bich-May 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The survey investigates COVID-19 information source trust levels and Vietnamese Americans’ willingness to participate in clinical trials. An analysis of 212 completed surveys revealed that trust in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) clinical trial information from university hospitals and drug companies was associated with willingness to participate in clinical trials. Trust in COVID-19 information from federal governments and state governments was also associated with willingness to participate in clinical trials. However, trust in local health facilities was linked to trial participation reluctance. The results suggest that Vietnamese Americans’ participation in clinical trials can be increased by identifying and using trusted sources of information.
Electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) study of elongatoolithid eggs from China with microstructural and parataxonomic implications
Authors: Zhu Xufeng , Wang Qiang , Wang Xiaolin 
Published: April 2024

AbstractElectron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) has been widely used in recent studies of eggshells for its convenience in collecting in situ crystallographic information. China has a wide variety of dinosaur eggshells, although nearly none have been studied with this technique. Elongatoolithid eggs include many oogenera, although the microstructural differences of some were not highly appreciated, leading to several parataxonomic problems. In this paper, we surveyed seven elongatoolithid oogenera in China using EBSD in order to acquire more information about their microstructural variation. It is shown in this paper that in some elongatoolithid eggshells, scaly calcite grains that form the squamatic ultrastructure are not the only form of calcite in the continuous layer. Large columnar grains separated by high-angled grain boundaries and slender subgrains separated by radially arranged low-angled grain boundaries could exist in certain areas of the eggshells such as Macroolithus and Macroelongatoolithus. This paper discusses the criteria for identifying squamatic ultrastructure and proposes type I (rich in rugged high-angled grain boundaries) and type II (rich in both rugged high- and low-angled grain boundaries) squamatic ultrastructures. A pathological layer is found in Undulatoolithus pengi. An external zone is identified in the eggshell of Heishanoolithus changii, which does not support its position within the oofamily Elongatoolithidae. We argue that Paraelongatoolithus no longer belongs to Elongatoolithidae based on a combination of reticulated ornamentation, columnar continuous layer, and acicular mammillae. The high structural variation in elongatoolithid eggshells also implies that it may be inappropriate to relate all previous elongatoolithid eggshells to oviraptorosaurs and assume they are non-monophyletic.
Midfrontal theta reactivity to conflict and error are linked to externalizing and internalizing respectively
Authors: Neo Phoebe S.-H. , Shadli Shabah M. , McNaughton Neil , Sellbom Martin 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Dimensional psychopathology scores measure symptom severity; cutting across disorder categories. Their clinical utility is high given comorbidity, but their neural basis is unclear. We used scalp electroencephalography (EEG) to concurrently assess neural activity across internalizing and externalizing traits. “Theta rhythm” (4–7 Hz) spectral power at the frontal midline site Fz in specific goal conflict and action error phases within a trial of a Stop-Signal Task was extracted using process-specific contrasts. A final sample of 146 community participants (63 males, 83 females; mean age = 36; SD = 9; range = 18 – 56), oversampled for externalizing disorder (49% diagnosed with a DSM-5 externalizing disorder), also supplied psychopathology and personality data. We used the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory−3 (MMPI-3) to measure symptoms and traits of psychopathology. An MMPI-3 measure of the higher-order internalizing psychopathology spectrum was positively correlated with action error theta. An MMPI-3 measure of the higher-order spectrum of externalizing psychopathology was negatively correlated with goal-conflict theta. We showed that goal-conflict and error theta activity are higher-order processes that index psychopathology severity. The associations extend into the nominally healthy range, and so reflect theta-related factors that apply to the general population as well as patients with sub-threshold diagnoses.
ELECTION OF JUDGES TO THE INTERNATIONAL COURT OF JUSTICE: PROPOSALS FOR REFORM WITHOUT AMENDING THE STATUTE
Authors: Oyarzabal Mario JA 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIn November 2023 the United Nations (UN) General Assembly and Security Council elected (in one case, re-elected) five judges to the International Court of Justice. The electoral system is considered to be overly politicized and to pay lip service to the requirements that judges must be elected on the basis of their qualifications, regardless of their nationality, and that in the body as a whole, the representation of the main forms of civilization and the principal legal systems of the world should be assured. Several amendments to the system of nominations and elections have been proposed that would require a reform of the Court's Statute. This article proposes four measures that could be adopted without amending the Statute or encroaching on the prerogatives of national groups, UN organs or Member States: (1) ensure the representation of the principal legal systems, in part by promoting regional diversity on the bench; (2) remove the use of nationality as a factor in casual elections; (3) establish a vetting process and public hearings; and (4) promote a single vote for Security Council members. It argues that the measures proposed would lead to a change in the present culture of nominations and elections towards one that favours the qualification of the judges over political considerations.
Coronavirus disease 2019 status and related anxiety levels in cases undergoing total laryngectomy
Authors: Hazir Burak , Kemaloğlu Yusuf Kemal , Eker Alparslan , Düzlü Mehmet 
Published: April 2024

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed to evaluate rate of the COVID-19 disease, its severity, mortality rate and anxiety levels in subjects who underwent total laryngectomy.MethodsThe subjects who underwent total laryngectomy were included in the study. The data were first obtained retrospectively and then a telephone survey was applied. Anxiety levels was evaluated by the Coronavirus Anxiety Scale (CAS).ResultsA total of 54 subjects were included in the study. Nine (16.7%) males were reported to be infected with SARS-CoV-2. Five (55%) of them were hospitalized; 2 of them (22%) were taken to intensive care units, and one subject (11%) died. Although a tendency to increase risk of COVID-19 disease in the tracheoesophageal voice prosthesis users (23.1% vs 14.63%) was observed, statistically difference was not significant. The average total CAS score was significantly higher in those who had COVID-19.ConclusionThe data documented that people who underwent total laryngectomy developed more frequent and more severe COVID-19 disease and had a higher mortality rate. Although no obvious variable was found, our data suggest that using a tracheoesophageal voice prosthesis may be somewhat effective. Besides, our subjects presented very low anxiety about COVID-19.
Successful oral midodrine therapy for treatment of refractory postoperative chylothorax in an infant
Authors: Nukaga Shunsuke , Numano Fujito , Saitoh Akihiko 
Published: April 2024

AbstractRefractory chylothorax, a postoperative complication of CHD, is difficult to manage and sometimes fatal. Herein, we report the case of a 10-month-old infant with 22-mosaic trisomy and a coarctation complex, who developed refractory chylothorax after cardiac repairs and was successfully treated with midodrine, an oral alpha-1-adrenoreceptor agonist. Midodrine may be used as adjunctive therapy for postoperative refractory chylothorax.
Three perspectives on enabling local actions for the sustainable development goals (SDGs)
Authors: Ningrum Dianty , Malekpour Shirin , Raven Rob , Moallemi Enayat A. , Bonar Gary 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Non-Technical Summary
Enabling local adoption of the sustainable development goals (SDGs) is important to accelerate global efforts to achieve sustainable development. However, local governments have plural perspectives on how to engage with the SDGs. In this paper, we identify three perspectives on how to enable local SDGs based on cases of nine local governments in Australia. We emphasize the need for seeing local SDG adoption as contextualized and actor-driven processes.

Technical Summary
Local governments worldwide are taking the initiative to engage with sustainable development goals (SDGs) despite the absence of a globally coordinated guideline on local SDGs actions. With less than a decade until its 2030 deadline, a more targeted and nuanced approach to enabling local SDG actions is needed. In this paper, we argue that there is a need to look at local SDG actions as an actor-driven process where agency, contexts, purpose, and dynamics co-evolve and shape the outcome of the process. Using Q-methodology, we explore different perspectives on what enables local SDGs actions in nine local governments in Australia. Three perspectives in enabling local SDG actions emerged from the study: (1) ‘Enablers should support institutional embeddedness of the SDGs’, (2) ‘Enablers should support stakeholder coordination for the SDGs’, and (3) ‘Enablers should support community engagement for the SDGs’. Each perspective has preferred enablers, contextualized within certain ways of engaging with the SDGs, certain views of the SDGs, and specific local contexts and capacities. This study provides insights to contextualize knowledge in current literature to enable local SDG actions.

Social media summary
Many understand that the local adoption of the sustainable development goals (SDGs) is not a one-shoe-fits-all process, but what are some of the plurality in local SDG adoptions? In this paper, we identify three perspectives on enabling the SDGs based on nine local governments in Australia.
The Way She Moves: Political Repositioning and Gender Stereotypes
Authors: Meijers Maurits J. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractResearch on policy shifts has found that repositioning can be costly as it affects candidates’ perceived honesty, reliability, and competence. It remains unclear, however, whether a politician’s gender affects perceptions of repositioning. Research on gender stereotypes has found that while male politicians are viewed as more competent, decisive, and displaying strong leadership, female politicians are believed to be more honest. Applying expectancy-violation theory, I test the hypothesis that the reputational cost of repositioning is more pronounced for female politicians in a preregistered survey experiment fielded on a large convenience sample in Flanders, Belgium (n = 6,957). I find that while frequent repositioning is evaluated negatively, the negative effect of repositioning is not more pronounced for female candidates than for male candidates on most outcome measures.
An Extreme Auroral Electrojet Spike During 2023 April 24th Storm
Authors: Zou Ying , Gjerloev Jesper W. , Ohtani Shin , Friel Matt , Liang Jun , Lyons Larry L. , Shen Yangyang , Liu Jiang , Chen Li‐Jen , Ferdousi Banafsheh , Chartier Alex , Vines Sarah , Waters Colin L. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAbrupt variations of auroral electrojets can induce geomagnetically induced currents, and the ability to model and forecast them is a pressing goal of space weather research. We report an auroral electrojet spike event that is extreme in magnitude, explosive in nature, and global in spatial extent that occurred on 24 April 2023. The event serves as a fundamental test of our understanding of the response of the geospace system to solar wind dynamics. Our results illustrate new and important characteristics that are drastically different from existing knowledge. Most important findings include (a) the event was only of ∼5‐min duration and was limited to a narrow (2°–3°) band of diffuse aurora; (b) the longitudinal span covered the entire nightside sector, possibly extending to the dayside; (c) the trigger seems to be a transient solar wind dynamic pressure pulse. In comparison, substorms usually last 1–2 hr and span almost the entire latitudinal width of the auroral oval. Magnetic perturbation events (MPEs) span hundreds km in radius. Both substorms and MPEs are mainly driven by disturbances in the magnetotail. A possible explanation is that the pressure pulse compresses the magnetosphere and enhances diffuse precipitation of electrons and protons from the inner plasma sheet, which elevates the ionospheric conductivity and intensifies the auroral electrojet. Therefore, the event exhibits a potentially new type of geomagnetic disturbance and highlights a solar wind driver that is enormously influential in driving extreme space weather events.
A Mixture Model With Slip Velocity for Saturated Granular‐Liquid Free‐Surface Flows
Authors: Tang Jinbo , Lin Pengzhi , Cui Peng 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIn this paper, a model is presented for modeling saturated granular‐liquid free‐surface flows, in which the volume‐averaged mixture bulk velocity is employed to derive the balance equations for the mass and momentum of mixture flow. Additionally, an evolution equation of the slip velocity between granular‐and liquid constituents is derived to describe the separation between these constituents. The frictional‐collisional constitutive relation for granular‐constituent is employed to determine the stress due to particles interaction. The governing equations for mixture flows are numerically solved by a finite difference two‐step projection method. The volume of fluid (VOF) method is employed to track the free surface of the mixture flow in the present numerical model. Good agreements between numerical results and experimental data are observed by modeling the dam‐break process of granular‐liquid mixture flow, dam‐break waves over the saturated erodible beds and surge waves induced by submarine landslides along an inclined plane. Furthermore, the difference between the volume‐averaged mixture bulk velocity and mass‐averaged mixture bulk velocity is found to vary as the instinct density ratio of granular‐constituent and liquid‐constituent and the volumetric concentration ns of the granular‐constituent, and the evolution in the slip velocity during the process of the settlement of sediments is numerically analyzed.
Viral remodeling of the 4D nucleome
Authors: Kim Kyoung-Dong , Lieberman Paul M. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe dynamic spatial organization of genomes across time, referred to as the four-dimensional nucleome (4DN), is a key component of gene regulation and biological fate. Viral infections can lead to a reconfiguration of viral and host genomes, impacting gene expression, replication, latency, and oncogenic transformation. This review provides a summary of recent research employing three-dimensional genomic methods such as Hi–C, 4C, ChIA-PET, and HiChIP in virology. We review how viruses induce changes in gene loop formation between regulatory elements, modify chromatin accessibility, and trigger shifts between A and B compartments in the host genome. We highlight the central role of cellular chromatin organizing factors, such as CTCF and cohesin, that reshape the 3D structure of both viral and cellular genomes. We consider how viral episomes, viral proteins, and viral integration sites can alter the host epigenome and how host cell type and conditions determine viral epigenomes. This review consolidates current knowledge of the diverse host-viral interactions that impact the 4DN.
Butyrate and iso-butyrate: a new perspective on nutrition prevention of gestational diabetes mellitus
Authors: Han Weiling , Wang Jia , Yan Xin , Liu Cheng , Huang Junhua , Zhang Lirui , Zhang Yujie , Zhao Yiqing , Hou Yanmei , Zheng Wei , Li Guanghui 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
Dietary imbalance, such as a lower proportion of complex carbohydrates and a higher protein diet, may contribute to gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) risks through their metabolisms. However, there is a lack of knowledge regarding the association between butyrate, iso-butyrate, and GDM, which are metabolisms of the two primary nutrients above. This study aimed to clarify the association of butyrate and iso-butyrate with GDM.

Methods
A nested case–control study was conducted based on the Beijing Birth Cohort Study (BBCS) from 2017 to 2018. Totally, 99 singleton women were involved (GDM: n = 49, control: n = 50). All participants provided blood samples twice (in their first and second trimesters). Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was used for butyrate and iso-butyrate detection. Unconditional logistic regression and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis were used for statistical analysis.

Results
The results showed that butyrate in the first trimester was negatively correlated with GDM (odds ratio (OR): 0.00, 95% confidential interval (CI): 0.00–0.21, P = 0.008), and iso-butyrate in the second trimester was positively related to GDM (OR: 627.68, 95% CI: 40.51–9724.56, P < 0.001). The ratio (butyrate/iso-butyrate) was negatively associated with GDM, both in the first trimester (OR: 0.00, 95%CI: 0.00–0.05, P < 0.001) and in the second trimester (OR: 0.52, 95% CI: 0.34–0.80, P = 0.003). The area under the curve (AUC) using the ratio in the first trimester combined with clinical risk factors achieved 0.89 (95% CI: 0.83–0.95). Iso-butyrate in the second trimester combined with clinical risk factors achieved an AUC of 0.97 (95% CI: 0.92–1.00).

Conclusions
High iso-butyrate and low butyrate levels may be associated with an increased risk of GDM. As they are produced through dietary nutrient formation by gut microbiota, further studies on the association of dietary intake and butyrate or iso-butyrate concentration in plasma may help find a novel approach to nutritional intervention for GDM.
Dysfunction of the adhesion G protein-coupled receptor latrophilin 1 (ADGRL1/LPHN1) increases the risk of obesity
Authors: Dietzsch André Nguyen , Al-Hasani Hadi , Altschmied Joachim , Bottermann Katharina , Brendler Jana , Haendeler Judith , Horn Susanne , Kaczmarek Isabell , Körner Antje , Krause Kerstin , Landgraf Kathrin , Le Duc Diana , Lehmann Laura , Lehr Stefan , Pick Stephanie , Ricken Albert , Schnorr Rene , Schulz Angela , Strnadová Martina , Velluva Akhil , Zabri Heba , Schöneberg Torsten , Thor Doreen , Prömel Simone 
Published: April 2024

AbstractObesity is one of the diseases with severe health consequences and rapidly increasing worldwide prevalence. Understanding the complex network of food intake and energy balance regulation is an essential prerequisite for pharmacological intervention with obesity. G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are among the main modulators of metabolism and energy balance. They, for instance, regulate appetite and satiety in certain hypothalamic neurons, as well as glucose and lipid metabolism and hormone secretion from adipocytes. Mutations in some GPCRs, such as the melanocortin receptor type 4 (MC4R), have been associated with early-onset obesity. Here, we identified the adhesion GPCR latrophilin 1 (ADGRL1/LPHN1) as a member of the regulating network governing food intake and the maintenance of energy balance. Deficiency of the highly conserved receptor in mice results in increased food consumption and severe obesity, accompanied by dysregulation of glucose homeostasis. Consistently, we identified a partially inactivating mutation in human ADGRL1/LPHN1 in a patient suffering from obesity. Therefore, we propose that LPHN1 dysfunction is a risk factor for obesity development.