bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chronic Disease Risks in Young Adults With Autism Spectrum Disorder: Forewarned Is Forearmed
Authors: Tyler Carl V , Schramm Sarah C , Karafa Matthew , Tang Anne S , Jain Anil K 
Published: September 2011

AbstractAn emerging, cost-effective method to examine prevalent and future health risks of persons with disabilities is electronic health record (EHR) analysis. As an example, a case-control EHR analysis of adults with autism spectrum disorder receiving primary care through the Cleveland Clinic from 2005 to 2008 identified 108 adults with autism spectrum disorder. In this cohort, rates of chronic disease included 34.9% for obesity, 31.5% for hyperlipidemia, and 19.4% for hypertension. Compared with a control cohort of patients from the same health system matched for age, sex, race, and health insurance status, adults with autism spectrum disorder were more likely to be diagnosed with hyperlipidemia (odds ratio  =  2.0, confidence interval  =  1.2–3.4, p  =  .012). Without intervention, adults with autism spectrum disorder appear to be at significant risk for developing diabetes, coronary heart disease, and cancer by midlife.
Genetic variants in miR-146a, miR-149, miR-196a2, miR-499 and their influence on relative expression in lung cancers
Authors: Vinci Serena , Gelmini Stefania , Pratesi Nicola , Conti Simona , Malentacchi Francesca , Simi Lisa , Pazzagli Mario , Orlando Claudio 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThe presence of sequence variants in miRNA genes may influence their processing, expression and binding to target mRNAs. Since single miRNA can have a large number of potential mRNA targets, even minor variations in its expression can have influences on hundreds of putative mRNAs.Here, we evaluated 101 paired samples (cancer and normal tissues) from non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) patients to study the genotype distribution of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) inRelative expression ofOur results seem to demonstrate that sequence variants of
Interactions between mangroves and exotic Spartina in an anthropogenically disturbed estuary in southern China
Authors: Zhang Yihui , Huang Guanmin , Wang Wenqing , Chen Luzhen , Lin Guanghui 
Published: September 2011

Cordgrass (Spartina alterniflora) was introduced to China in 1979 from the United States for reducing coastal erosion. It grows vigorously in China and has spread over much of the Chinese coast, from Leizhou Peninsula to Liaoning, a range of more than 19 degrees of latitude. On the southern coast of China, S. alterniflora has invaded mangrove‐dominated habitats during the last two decades, but little is known about interactions between native mangroves and invasive S. alterniflora.We studied the distribution and competitive interactions between native mangroves and S. alterniflora in the Zhangjiang Estuary at four tidal sites along a salinity gradient: oligohaline upstream, mesohaline, polyhaline, and euhaline downstream. S. alterniflora occurred at all four sites, and several mangrove species occurred at all but the downstream euhaline site. S. alterniflora has invaded the estuary widely and has spread to the lower tidal margins of mangroves. It has not invaded mangrove areas with a closed canopy but has established in the mangrove zone where the canopy was opened by human disturbance.Ramets of S. alterniflora transplanted into the understory of mangrove stands with closed canopies died within 10 weeks, but 37.5% survived and grew well on open mud flats. S. alterniflora had virtually no competitive effect on mangrove seedlings planted at the upstream oligohaline site. However, S. alterniflora competitively reduced biomass of mangrove seedlings to 33% over a period of 14 weeks at the mesohaline and polyhaline sites where human disturbance has opened the mangrove canopy. In contrast, S. alterniflora marginally facilitated growth and survival of experimental seedlings at the downstream euhaline site.In China, mangroves occur along the coastline south of Whenzhou, but they have been severely disturbed and removed widely, mainly by mariculture activities. Natural vegetation patterns and our experimental results suggest that, without intervention, S. alterniflora could gradually replace these mangroves in mid‐salinity regions of Chinese estuaries.
Acute Kidney Injury Episodes and Chronic Kidney Disease Risk in Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Thakar Charuhas V. , Christianson Annette , Himmelfarb Jonathan , Leonard Anthony C. 
Published: September 2011

Summary

Background and objectives
Prior studies have examined long-term outcomes of a single acute kidney injury (AKI) event in hospitalized patients. We examined the effects of AKI episodes during multiple hospitalizations on the risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in a cohort with diabetes mellitus (DM).

Design, setting, participants, & measurements
A total of 4082 diabetics were followed from January 1999 until December 2008. The primary outcome was reaching stage 4 CKD (GFR of <30 ml/min per 1.73 m2). AKI during hospitalization was defined as >0.3 mg/dl or a 1.5-fold increase in creatinine relative to admission. Cox survival models examined the effect of first AKI episode and up to three episodes as time-dependent covariates, on the risk of stage 4 CKD. Covariates included demographic variables, baseline creatinine, and diagnoses of comorbidities including proteinuria.

Results
Of the 3679 patients who met eligibility criteria (mean age = 61.7 years [SD, 11.2]; mean baseline creatinine = 1.10 mg/dl [SD, 0.3]), 1822 required at least one hospitalization during the time under observation (mean = 61.2 months [SD, 25]). Five hundred thirty of 1822 patients experienced one AKI episode; 157 of 530 experienced ≥2 AKI episodes. In multivariable Cox proportional hazards models, any AKI versus no AKI was a risk factor for stage 4 CKD (hazard ratio [HR], 3.56; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.76, 4.61); each AKI episode doubled that risk (HR, 2.02; 95% CI, 1.78, 2.30).

Conclusions
AKI episodes are associated with a cumulative risk for developing advanced CKD in diabetes mellitus, independent of other major risk factors of progression.
Fibroblast Growth Factor 23 in Patients Undergoing Peritoneal Dialysis
Authors: Isakova Tamara , Xie Huiliang , Barchi-Chung Allison , Vargas Gabriela , Sowden Nicole , Houston Jessica , Wahl Patricia , Lundquist Andrew , Epstein Michael , Smith Kelsey , Contreras Gabriel , Ortega Luis , Lenz Oliver , Briones Patricia , Egbert Phyllis , Ikizler T. Alp , Jueppner Harald , Wolf Myles 
Published: September 2011

Summary

Background and objectives
Fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) is an independent risk factor for mortality in patients with ESRD. Before FGF23 testing can be integrated into clinical practice of ESRD, further understanding of its determinants is needed.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements
In a study of 67 adults undergoing peritoneal dialysis, we tested the hypothesis that longer dialysis vintage and lower residual renal function and renal phosphate clearance are associated with higher FGF23. We also compared the monthly variability of FGF23 versus parathyroid hormone (PTH) and serum phosphate.

Results
In unadjusted analyses, FGF23 correlated with serum phosphate (r = 0.66, P < 0.001), residual renal function (r = −0.37, P = 0.002), dialysis vintage (r = 0.31, P = 0.01), and renal phosphate clearance (r = −0.38, P = 0.008). In adjusted analyses, absence of residual renal function and greater dialysis vintage associated with higher FGF23, independent of demographics, laboratory values, peritoneal dialysis modality and adequacy, and treatment with vitamin D analogs and phosphate binders. Urinary and dialysate FGF23 clearances were minimal. In three serial monthly measurements, within-subject variability accounted for only 10% of total FGF23 variability compared with 50% for PTH and 60% for serum phosphate.

Conclusions
Increased serum phosphate, loss of residual renal function, longer dialysis vintage, and lower renal phosphate clearance are associated with elevated FGF23 levels in ESRD patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis. FGF23 may be a more stable marker of phosphate metabolism in ESRD than PTH or serum phosphate.
Simple Stochastic Model for Planning the Inventory of Spare Components Subject to Wear-out
Authors: Brezavšček Alenka 
Published: September 2011

Simple Stochastic Model for Planning the Inventory of Spare Components Subject to Wear-out
We treat an industrial system which comprises of a number of identical components subject to wear-out. To support the system maintenance an appropriate inventory of spare components is needed. In order to plan the sufficient inventory of spare components, two variants of a simple stochastic model are developed. In both variants, the aim is to determine how many spare components are needed at the beginning of a planning interval to meet demand for corrective replacements during this interval. Under the first variant the acceptable probability of spare shortage during the planning interval is chosen as a decision variable. While in the second variant the adequate spare inventory level is assessed by taking into account the expected number of component failures within the planning interval. A comparison of both variants of the model shows that calculations involved in the second variant are simpler. However, it can only be used when the inventory of spare components can be planned for a relatively long period of time.
The determination of an adequate number of spare components according to both variants of our model depends on the form of the probability density function of component failure times. Since the components are subject to wear-out, this function exhibits a peak-shaped form that can be described by different statistical density functions. Advantages and disadvantages of using the normal, lognormal, Weibull, and Gamma density function in our model are discussed. Among the probability density functions studied, the normal density function is found to be the most appropriate for calculations in our model. The applicability of both variants of the model is given through numerical examples using field data on electric locomotives of Slovenian Railways.
The Perspective of Business Process Outsourcing in Slovenian Organizations
Authors: Brcar Franc 
Published: September 2011

The Perspective of Business Process Outsourcing in Slovenian Organizations
Business process management (BPM) and business process outsourcing (BPO) play an important role in organizations helping them ensure competitiveness and competitive advantages and increase efficiency and effectiveness. Our study analyzes the role of outsourcing in Slovenian organizations. Data was obtained through a survey and interpreted with descriptive statistics, frequency statistics and Wilcoxon's signed ranks test. According to the results of statistical analysis there is 95% reliability that the degree of outsourcing of business processes in Slovenian organizations will increase and this applies to most business processes. Thus we can conclude that Slovenian organizations are following the trends in global markets and are adjusting to them as well.
The effects of biological additives on the fermentation process and fibre composition of farm-scale grass silages
Authors: Lád František , Kubát Václav , Kadlec Jaromír , Čermák Bohuslav , Kobes Milan 
Published: September 2011

The effects of biological additives on the fermentation process and fibre composition of farm-scale grass silagesThe effects of bacterial and enzymatic additives on the course of fermentation process and on changes in the fibre composition of grass silages were investigated under farm-scale conditions over three years. Fourteen silages were prepared from die back grass stands in each of three variants, with no additive (control), with inoculants of lactic acid bacteria (LAB), and with LAB combined with cellulase and hemicellulase. The content of lactic acid was significantly (P<0.05) elevated, while the degree of proteolysis decreased (P<0.01) in both variants with the additives. The changes in the fermentation processes resulted in pH values about 4.8 and 4.3 in the control and the variants with additives, respectively. The qualitative parameters of fermentation were very similar for both the groups of additives.
Milk acetone determination by the photometrical method after microdiffusion and via FT infra-red spectroscopy
Authors: Hanuš Oto , Genčurová Václava , Zhang Yunhai , Hering Pavel , Kopecký Jaroslav , Jedelská Radoslava , Dolínková Alena , Motyčka Zdeněk 
Published: September 2011

Milk acetone determination by the photometrical method after microdiffusion and via FT infra-red spectroscopyMilk acetone (AC) and betahydroxybutyrate (BHB) are important indicators of the energy metabolism of cows (ketosis occurrence) and an effective method for their determination, with reliable results, is of great importance. The goal of this work was to investigate the infrared method MIR-FT in terms of its calibration for milk AC and to develop a usable procedure. The microdiffusion photometric (485 nm; Spekol 11) method was used with salicylaldehyde as a reference (Re) and mid infrared spectroscopy FT (MIR-FT: Lactoscope FT-IR, Delta; MilkoScan FT 6000, M-Sc) as an indirect method. The acetone addition to milk had no recovery using MIR-FT (Delta). The reference AC set must have acceptable statistics for good MIR-FT calibration (M-Sc) and they were: 10.1 ± 9.74 at a geometric mean of 7.26 mg l-1, and a variation range from 1.98 to 33.66 mg l-1. The AC correlation between Re and MIR-FT (Delta) was low at 0.32 (P>0.05 but the Log AC relationship between Re and MIR-FT (M-Sc) was markedly better at 0.80 (P<0.01). The conversion of >10 mg l-1 as an AC subclinical ketosis limit could be > -0.80 (feedback 0.158 mmol l-1 = 9.25 mg l-1) and > -1.66. This could be important for ketosis monitoring (using M-Sc).
Content of free fatty acids, lipolytic bacteria and somatic cells in relation to milking technology
Authors: Mikulová Magda 
Published: September 2011

Content of free fatty acids, lipolytic bacteria and somatic cells in relation to milking technologyThe contents of free fatty acids (FFA) and counts of total bacteria, psychrotrophic lipolytic bacteria (PLiBC) and somatic cells were determined in 150 samples of cow's bulk raw milk on 20 farms with three different milking technologies in South Bohemia during 2008-10. FFA were determined using an extraction-titration method. Within the compared technologies, the highest mean values of FFA (3.88 mmol 100 g-1; P<0.001) and PLiBC (696 CFU ml-1) were observed on farms with pipeline milking in stalls. The lowest mean FFA level (1.54 mmol 100 g-1) was determined on farms with an automatic milking system. Medium values were determined on farms with parlour milking.
Antibody production in sheep fed a diet containing brown seaweed
Authors: Konečný Roman , Trávníček Jan , Hasoňová Lucie , Plicka Jan , Kroupová Vlasta , Staňková Martina , Peksa Zdeněk 
Published: September 2011

Antibody production in sheep fed a diet containing brown seaweedThe study is aimed to determine the effects of brown seaweed supplement in diet on immunoglobulin (IgG) and specific tetanus toxoid (TT) antibody production in gimmers. The experiment took 280 days. The experimental group E (n=6) was given 71 mg of brown seaweed in its daily diet for the whole period of the experiment, whereas the control group had no supplements in its diet. On the 245th day of the experiment the animals were vaccinated with TT to find out if the levels of antibody production would vary. The revaccination of TT was done 15 days after that. Blood samples were collected 7, 14, 21, 30 and 35 days after the first vaccination. During the study no significant differences of IgG were recorded in the blood serum between group E and C. The results suggest, in agreement with findings of other authors, that the specific TT antibody production decreases by 16% to normal during brown seaweed feeding and should be taken in consideration during targeted immunization.
Morphological and histometric parameters of the thyroid gland in slaughter cattle
Authors: Peksa Zdeněk , Trávníček Jan , Dušová Hana , Konečný Roman , Hasoňová Lucie 
Published: September 2011

Morphological and histometric parameters of the thyroid gland in slaughter cattleThe study presents an evaluation of morphological and histometric parameters of the thyroid gland of slaughtered cattle (29 cows, 10 bulls, 7 heifers and 4 calves). The thyroid gland of bulls contained 34.7% of large follicles while their content in cows and heifers was 32.6% and only 19.2%, respectively. The average follicle length was 162.0±19.8 μm in bulls, 153.5±24.8 μm in cows and 122.4±10.1 μm in heifers. The highest thyreocytes were found in heifers and bulls (9.45±1.17 and 9.42±1.50 μm, respectively) and the lowest in cows (8.46±2.13 μm). A positive relationship was determined between the iodine content of the thyroid gland and the percentage of large follicles (r = 0.55) while the relationship between iodine content and thyreocyte height was negative (r = -0.21). In the thyroid gland of older cows medium and large follicles with low cubic to flat thyreocytes were dominant. Some follicles contained necrotic thyreocytes and the cytoplasm contained lipofuscin. The results suggest the influence of an increased iodine content in the thyroid gland on follicle size and thyreocyte height.
Document Clustering - Concepts, Metrics and Algorithms
Authors: Tarczynski Tomasz 
Published: September 2011

Document Clustering - Concepts, Metrics and AlgorithmsDocument clustering, which is also refered to astext clustering, is a technique of unsupervised document organisation. Text clustering is used to group documents into subsets that consist of texts that are similar to each orher. These subsets are called clusters. Document clustering algorithms are widely used in web searching engines to produce results relevant to a query. An example of practical use of those techniques are Yahoo! hierarchies of documents [1]. Another application of document clustering is browsing which is defined as searching session without well specific goal. The browsing techniques heavily relies on document clustering. In this article we examine the most important concepts related to document clustering. Besides the algorithms we present comprehensive discussion about representation of documents, calculation of similarity between documents and evaluation of clusters quality.
Challenges for Non-Cooperative Target Identification in a Bistatic Radar Configuration
Authors: Haumtratz Theresa , Lindenmeier Stefan , Schiller Joachim 
Published: September 2011

Challenges for Non-Cooperative Target Identification in a Bistatic Radar ConfigurationNCTI ("Non-Cooperative Target Identification") in a monostatic radar configuration has been investigated extensively within the past years but classification in a bi-/ multistatic configuration does not seem to have obtained much attention to date. Some differences between monostatic and bistatic radar pose challenges to NCTI, which have to be met especially if monostatic and bistatic data or data with differing bistatic angles are to be compared. In this paper these challenges will be discussed and some classification procedures will be introduced. By means of data from turntable measurements of three distinct ground vehicles, which have been conducted at Fraunhofer FHR, the influence of different radar constellations on classification performance will be described.
Intelligibility Threshold for Cued Speech in H.264 Video Conference
Authors: Heribanová Petra , Polec Jaroslav , Poctavek Ján , Mordelová Angela 
Published: September 2011

Intelligibility Threshold for Cued Speech in H.264 Video Conference
This paper discusses the cued speech recognition methods in videoconference. Cued speech is a specific gesture language that is used for communication between deaf people. We define the criteria for sentence intelligibility according to answers of testing subjects (deaf people). In our tests we use 30 sample videos coded by H.264 codec with various bit-rates and various speed of cued speech. Additionally, we define the criteria for consonant sign recognizability in single-handed finger alphabet (dactyl) analogically to acoustics. We use another 12 sample videos coded by H.264 codec with various bit-rates in four different video formats. To interpret the results we apply the standard scale for subjective video quality evaluation and the percentual evaluation of intelligibility as in acoustics. From the results we construct the minimum coded bit-rate recommendations for every spatial resolution.
Estimation of Heart Rate Variability Fluctuations by Wavelet Transform
Authors: Popov Anton , Karplyuk Yevgeniy , Fesechko Volodymyr 
Published: September 2011

Estimation of Heart Rate Variability Fluctuations by Wavelet TransformTechnique for separate estimation of fast and slow fluctuations in the heart rate signal is developed. The orthogonal dyadic wavelet transform is used to separate the slow heart rate changes in approximation part of decomposition and fast changes in detail parts. Experimental results using the recordings from persons practicing Chi meditation demonstrated the applicability of estimation heart rate fluctuations with the proposed approach.
Neurocognitive function before and after surgery for insular gliomas
Authors: Wu Adam S. , Witgert Mariana E. , Lang Frederick F. , Xiao Lianchun , Bekele B. Nebiyou , Meyers Christina A. , Ferson David , Wefel Jeffrey S. 
Published: September 2011

Object
Insular gliomas can be resected with acceptable rates of neurological morbidity, but little is known with regard to impairment of higher-order neurocognitive functions. The frequency and functional impact of neurocognitive deficits in patients with gliomas has until recently been underappreciated. The authors therefore examined neurocognitive function in patients with insular gliomas and compared the findings in this group to those in a matched control group of patients with gliomas in nearby brain regions.

Methods
Thirty-three patients with WHO Grade II or III insular gliomas participated in neuropsychological evaluations before and after resection. To establish whether the pattern of neurocognitive performance was different from that of other patients with tumors in neighboring areas, patients with insular tumors were matched with control patients for age, educational level, preoperative Karnofsky Performance Scale score, tumor side, grade, and volume. The control group comprised patients in whom gliomas had been resected from frontal, temporal, and parietal areas near the insula. Baseline pre- and postoperative neurocognitive test results were compared between and within groups.

Results
Preoperative neurocognitive impairment was common in both insular and control groups. Patients with insular tumors had significantly worse preoperative performance on naming tests. In both groups, postoperative decline occurred in most neurocognitive domains. There were no statistically significant differences between patients in the insular and control groups with regard to rates of postoperative decline on any test. However, there were trends suggesting differential cognitive performance postoperatively, because patients with insular tumors were more likely to experience greater decline in learning and memory. Neurological morbidity was similar to prior rates reported in the literature.

Conclusions
Few statistically significant differences in cognitive function were observed between patients in the insular and control groups at either the pre- or postoperative evaluation, although there was a trend for patients with insular tumors to exhibit greater postoperative decline in learning and memory. Although technically more challenging, surgery for insular region glioma appears feasible without profound neurological or cognitive morbidity for many patients.