bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
TCF7L2 polymorphism and cognitive test performance in cardiovascular disease
Authors: KEARY Therese Anne , GUNSTAD John , BENITEZ Andreana , SPITZNAGEL Mary Beth , MCCAFFERY Jeanne , MCGEARY John E. , POPPAS Athena , PAUL Robert H. , SWEET Lawrence H. , COHEN Ronald A. 
Published: June 2012

AbstractAims:  The present study examines cognitive function among transcription factor 7‐like 2 (TCF7L2) genotype groups in a sample of older adults with cardiovascular disease.Methods:  We recruited 111 older adults with diagnosed cardiovascular disease from outpatient cardiology clinics. Neuropsychological tests assessed the following domains of cognitive functioning: global function, attention/executive/psychomotor speed, learning and memory, visuospatial/construction, motor, and language. Genotyping of TCF7L2 single nucleotide polymorphism rs7903146 was conducted to determine membership in the TT, CT, or CC genotype groups.Results:  Controlling for diabetes status, participants with the TT genotype of TCF7L2 (n= 12) performed worse on tests of attention/executive function/processing speed than those with the CC (n= 46) and CT (n= 53) genotypes, despite no between‐group differences in demographic or medical variables.Conclusions:  Older cardiovascular disease patients with the TCF7L2 TT genotype performed worse on tests of attention/executive/ psychomotor speed than CC and CT genotype carriers. Further work using neuroimaging and glucose tolerance indices is needed to clarify underlying mechanisms.
The function of psychiatric hospitals in the treatment of dementia
Authors: MATSUBARA Saburo 
Published: June 2012

AbstractIn Japan, there are 531 special wards for the treatment of dementia in which patients with behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia are treated. In these wards, 85% of the patients stay for more than 91 days, and 45% of them are judged as ready to discharge. The function of the wards declines as a result of the long‐stay patients. It is necessary to create two types of wards: one for acute treatment of behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia within 90 days and another for patients requiring longer‐term treatment (i.e. more than 91 days) for chronic behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia, deterioration of activity of daily living and somatic complications
Acute Pain in Undergraduate Medical Education: An Unfinished Chapter!
Authors: Vadivelu Nalini , Mitra Sukanya , Hines Roberta , Elia Maxwell , Rosenquist Richard W. 
Published: June 2012

AbstractInadequately treated acute pain is a global healthcare problem that causes significant patient suffering and disability, risk of chronicity, increased resource utilization, and escalating healthcare costs. Compounding the problem is the lack of adequate instruction in acute pain management available in medical schools worldwide. Incorporating acute pain diagnosis and management as an integral part of the medical school curriculum will allow physicians to develop a more comprehensive, compassionate approach to treating patients with acute pain syndromes and should be considered a healthcare imperative. In this article, we review the current status of pain education in educational institutions across the world, focusing on achievements, lacunae, and inadequacies. We appeal to all concerned—pain management specialists, health educators, and policymakers—to consider incorporating education on acute pain and its management at undergraduate medical levels in an integrated manner.
Intracellular Calcium Dynamics, Shortened Action Potential Duration, and Late‐Phase 3 Early Afterdepolarization in Langendorff‐Perfused Rabbit Ventricles
Authors: TANG LIANG , JOUNG BOYOUNG , OGAWA MASAHIRO , CHEN PENG‐SHENG , LIN SHIEN‐FONG 
Published: June 2012

Calcium Dynamics, APD Shortening, and Late‐Phase 3 EAD. Introduction: To elucidate the mechanism of late‐phase 3 early after depolarization (EAD) in ventricular arrhythmogenesis, we hypothesized that intracellular calcium (Cai) overloading and action potential duration (APD) shortening may promote late‐phase 3 EAD and triggered activity, leading to development of ventricular fibrillation (VF).Methods and Results: In isolated rabbit hearts, we performed microelectrode recording and simultaneous dual optical mapping of transmembrane potential (Vm) and Cai transient on left ventricular endocardium. An IKATP channel opener, pinacidil, was used to abbreviate APD. Rapid pacing was then performed. Upon abrupt cessation of rapid pacing with cycle lengths of 60–200 milliseconds, there were APD90 prolongation and the corresponding Cai overloading in the first postpacing beats. The duration of Cai transient recovered to 50% (DCaT50) and 90% (DCaT90) in the first postpacing beats was significantly longer than baseline. Abnormal Cai elevation coupled with shortened APD produced late‐phase 3 EAD induced triggered activity and VF. In additional 6 preparations, the heart tissues were treated with BAPTA‐AM, a calcium chelator. BAPTA‐AM significantly reduced the maximal Cai amplitude (26.4 ± 3.5% of the control; P < 0.001) and the duration of Cai transients in the mapped region, preventing the development of EAD and triggered activity that initiated VF.Conclusions: I
KATP channel activation along with Cai overloading are associated with the development of late‐phase 3 EAD and VF. Because acute myocardial ischemia activates the IKATP channel, late‐phase 3 EADs may be a mechanism for VF initiation during acute myocardial ischemia. (J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol, Vol. 23, pp. 1364‐1371, December 2012)
Beneficial effects of nocturnal hemodialysis in a hemodynamically unstable patient with AL‐amyloidosis
Authors: Trigka Konstantina , Dousdampanis Periklis , Chan Christopher T. 
Published: June 2012

AbstractWe present a patient with primary systemic AL‐amyloidosis, who stabilized hemodynamically on nocturnal hemodialysis (NHD). The NHD allowed a significant reduction in ultrafiltration rates which likely underlies the procedural tolerability. It also provided an increase in urea clearance, better control of serum phosphorus levels without the use of any binders, and normalization of blood pressure despite the discontinuation of all antihypertensive agents. Given the autonomic derangements associated with AL‐amyloidosis pathophysiology and the clinical benefits of NHD on hemodynamic stability, the use of intensive hemodialysis may be considered for the management of patients with unstable hemodynamic profiles.
Changes in circulating biomarkers during a single hemodialysis session
Authors: Yamamoto Tae , Nascimento Marcelo M. , Hayashi Shirley Y. , Qureshi Abdul Rashid , Waniewski Jacek , Brodin Lars Åke , Anderstam Björn , Lind Britta , Riella Miguel C. , Seeberger Astrid , Lindholm Bengt 
Published: June 2012

AbstractThe hemodialysis (HD) procedure induces an inflammatory response potentially contributing to cardiovascular disease. Here we investigated the acute impact of HD on circulating biomarkers. Circulating biomarkers (small solutes, middle molecular‐sized peptides, and proteins) related to inflammation, oxidative stress, and vascular calcification (VC) were measured before and after a single session of HD in 45 clinically stable patients. Concentrations were corrected for ultrafiltration‐induced hemoconcentration. Among vascular calcification‐related biomarkers, osteoprotegerin and fetuin‐A remained unchanged while fibroblast growth factor‐23 (FGF23) decreased by −19%. Changes of FGF23 and changes of phosphate correlated (ρ = 0.61, P < 0.001). While C‐reactive protein did not change, interleukin‐6 (IL‐6) increased by 14% and pentraxin 3 (PTX3) increased by 45%. IL‐6 and PTX3 appear to be valid biomarkers of the intradialytic inflammatory response. VC‐related markers were in general not affected by the single HD session; however, the observed correlation between acute changes of FGF‐23 and phosphate during HD warrants further studies.
Social Capital, Place Meanings, and Perceived Resilience to Climate Change*
Authors: Smith Jordan W. , Anderson Dorothy H. , Moore Roger L. 
Published: June 2012

AbstractThis research analyzes individuals' perceived resilience to changing climatic conditions. Specifically, we suggest individual resilience is composed of an awareness of localized risks created because of climate change, a willingness to learn about, and plan for, the potential impacts of altered environmental conditions, and general appraisals of personal adaptive capacities. We hypothesize that resilience is influenced by the characteristics of individuals' social networks and also by their social‐psychological dependence on local environments. Using data collected in three resource‐associated communities within the southeastern United States, our analysis suggests bonding ties may limit individuals' willingness to seek new information about the potential impacts of climate change. Conversely, the data suggest the use of a diverse array of bridging ties is positively associated with information‐seeking behavior. The data also support our hypothesis that individuals' social psychological dependencies on the local environment influences their perceived resilience to changing climatic conditions. By gaining a clearer understanding of how individuals' social networks and social‐psychological dependencies affect their perceived ability to adapt to changing environmental conditions, decision makers can focus on policy solutions that increase adaptive capacities and build social resilience.
Parathyroid hormone (1‐34) compensates the negative effect of smoking around implants
Authors: Lima Liana Linhares , César Neto Joao Batista , Cayana Ezymar Gomes , Nociti Francisco Humberto , Sallum Enilson Antônio , Casati Márcio Zaffalon 
Published: June 2012

AbstractObjectivesThis study aimed to investigate the effect of Recombinant Human Parathyroid Hormone (PTH 1‐34) on attenuating the influence of cigarette smoke on bone around titanium implants.Material and methodsForty‐eight female Wistar rats were used. At the begging of the study, 15 animals were randomly assigned to Group 1 (control) and received subcutaneous injections of saline solution, three‐times/week, after implant placement. The other animals received intermittent cigarette smoke inhalation (CSI), 60 days prior and 60 days after implant placement (
Al

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3‐blasted titanium implants – 4.0 × 2.2 mm). After surgery, these animals were randomly assigned to: Group 2 – subcutaneous injections of saline solution, three‐times/week (n = 16) and Group 3 – intermittent doses of PTH (1‐34) (40 μg/Kg), three‐times/week (n = 17). Animals were sacrificed 60 days after surgery, and degree of bone‐to‐implant contact (BIC), bone area (BA) within the limits of the threads and proportion of mineralized tissue (PMT) adjacent to the implants (500 μm wide zone) were separately obtained in cortical and cancellous bone.ResultsData analysis confirmed that CSI negatively affects bone around implants, as observed for BIC in cortical zone (Cohen's d (d) = −1.26) and for PMT in both zones (d = −6.09 and d = −4.46 for cortical and cancellous zones, respectively). In addition, in the presence of CSI, PTH (1‐34) promoted the highest BIC in both regions and BA and PMT in cancellous bone (P < 0.05). The histometric parameter that was not influenced by both PTH and CSI (1‐34) was BA in cortical bone (P > 0.05).ConclusionIn the presence of cigarette smoke, a factor related to poor bone healing and low bone density, PTH (1‐34) increased bone volume around implants.
PPARγ delivered by Ch‐GNPs onto titanium surfaces inhibits implant‐induced inflammation and induces bone mineralization of MC‐3T3E1 osteoblast‐like cells
Authors: Bhattarai Govinda , Lee Young‐Hee , Lee Nan‐Hee , Park IL‐Song , Lee Min‐Ho , Yi Ho‐Keun 
Published: June 2012

AbstractObjectivesTo deliver the efficacy and safety of Ch‐GNPs (Chitosan gold nanoparticles) conjugated anti‐inflammatory molecules peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) on implant surface titanium (Ti) to reduce implant‐induced inflammation.Materials and methodsThe Ch‐GNPs were conjugated with the PPARγ cDNA through a coacervation process. Conjugation was cast over Ti surfaces by dipping, and cells were seeded on different sizes (6 × 6 × 0.1 cm and 1 × 1 × 0.1 cm; n = 3) of Ti surfaces. The size of Ch‐GNPs and surface characterization of Ti was performed using UV‐vis spectroscopy, TEM (Transmission electron microscopy) and EDX (energy‐dispersive X‐ray). The DNA conjugation and transfection capacity of Ch‐GNPs were simultaneously confirmed by agarose gel electrophoresis, β‐galactosidase staining, and immunoblotting.ResultsThe Ch‐GNPs were well dispersed and spherical in shape, with average size around 10–20 nm. Ti surfaces coated with Ch‐GNPs/LacZ, as transfection efficacy molecule, showed strong β‐galactosidase staining in MC‐3T3 E1 cells. Cells cultured on Ch‐GNPs/PPARγ‐coated Ti surfaces were able to inhibit implant‐induced inflammation by simultaneously suppressing the expression of tumor necrosis factor‐ alpha (TNF‐α), interleukin‐1 beta (IL‐1β), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase‐2 (COX‐2), and matrix metalloproteinase‐2 (MMP‐2). The inhibition mechanism of Ch‐GNPs/PPARγ was due to inhibition of both reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitric oxide (NO) secretion (n = 3; P < 0.05). In addition, Ch‐GNPs/PPARγ was able to increase expression of bone morphogenetic protein (BMP‐7) and runt‐related transcription factor‐2 (RUNX‐2). Furthermore, alkaline phosphatase activity (ALP) was also increased than that in control (n = 3; P < 0.01). Whereas, expression of receptor activator of NF‐κB ligand (RANKL) was decreased.ConclusionsThe novel gene delivery materials, like Ch‐GNPs, can carry the PPARγ cDNA into the required areas of the implant surfaces, thus aiding to inhibit inflammation and promote osteoblast function. Thus, the PPARγ on implant surfaces may promote its clinical application on peri‐implantitis or periodontitis like diseases.
Optical impression method to measure three‐dimensional position and orientation of dental implants using an optical tracker
Authors: Ono Shinji , Yamaguchi Satoshi , Kusumoto Naoki , Nakano Tamaki , Sohmura Taiji , Yatani Hirofumi 
Published: June 2012

AbstractObjectivesThe aim of this study was to devise an optical impression method that could make impressions of dental implants accurately and rapidly.Materials and methodsFour paper markers (4 × 3 mm, 8 × 6 mm, 16 × 12 mm, and 24 × 18 mm) and one titanium marker (8 × 6 mm) were prepared to determine the measuring accuracy of the three‐dimensional optical tracker. For a proposed and conventional impression taking method, we compared the reproduction accuracies of the positions and orientations of dental implants and the times to obtain impressions. Finally, we fabricated computer‐aided designing (CAD)/computer‐aided manufacturing (CAM) superstructure frameworks to determine the adaptation accuracy.ResultsThe 8 × 6‐mm titanium marker was optimal among the prepared markers. Dental implants made by the proposed and conventional impression taking methods had measurement errors of 71 ± 31 μm and 32 ± 18 μm, respectively. The proposed method took a significantly shorter time to obtain an impression than did the conventional method. The connection between the CAD/CAM superstructure frameworks and four implant analogs had uplifts of 55 ± 10 μm, 94 ± 35 μm, 2 ± 1 μm, and 66 ± 3 μm.ConclusionOur proposed method and fabricated titanium markers enabled us to measure the positions and orientations of dental implants both accurately and rapidly. We then used the reproducible measurement results for the positions and orientations of the dental implants to fabricate CAD/CAM superstructure frameworks within an acceptable accuracy range.
A Randomized comparative clinical study of two surgical procedures to improve root coverage with the acellular dermal matrix graft
Authors: Ayub Lauro G. , Ramos Umberto D. , Reino Danilo M. , Grisi Márcio F. M. , Taba Mário , Souza Sérgio L. S. , Palioto Daniela B. , Novaes Arthur B. 
Published: June 2012

AbstractAimThis randomized, controlled, clinical study compared two surgical techniques for root coverage with the acellular dermal matrix graft (ADMG) to evaluate which procedure could provide better root coverage and greater amounts of keratinized tissue.Materials and MethodsFifteen pairs of bilateral Miller Class I or II gingival recessions were treated and assigned randomly to the test group, and the contra‐lateral recessions were assigned to the control group. The ADMG was used in both groups. In the control group, the graft and flap were positioned at the level of the cemento‐enamel junction (CEJ), and in the test group, the graft was positioned 1 mm apical to the CEJ and the flap 1 mm coronal to the CEJ. The clinical parameters were taken before the surgeries and after 6 months. The gingival recession area, a new parameter, was measured in standardized photographs through a special device and software.ResultsThere were statistically significant differences favouring the proposed technique for all parameters except for the amount of keratinized tissue at 6 months.ConclusionsThe proposed test technique is more suitable for root coverage procedures with ADMG, and the new parameter evaluated appears valuable for root coverage analysis. (Clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT01175720).
Hidradenitis suppurativa: viewpoint on clinical phenotyping, pathogenesis and novel treatments
Authors: van der Zee Hessel H. , Laman Jon D. , Boer Jurr , Prens Errol P. 
Published: June 2012

AbstractHidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is an inflammatory, debilitating follicular skin disease with recurring flare‐ups. The painful, deep‐seated, inflamed lesions in the inverse areas of the body cause severe discomfort, and hence, serious psycho‐social and economic costs. HS is common, but often misdiagnosed and mechanistically poorly understood. Furthermore, HS is notoriously difficult to treat resulting in a high unmet medical need. To provoke debate, rational experimentation and initiate strategic studies, we here present a concise viewpoint on seven topics: the diagnosis of HS, the role of mechanical friction, the critical importance of accurate clinical subgrouping, smoking and obesity, the role of bacteria, and our comprehensive view on HS pathogenesis with a central role for keratin clearance, and novel treatment approaches.
Radiological evaluation of single implants in maxillary anterior sites with special emphasis on their relation to adjacent teeth – a 3‐year follow‐up study
Authors: Vilhjálmsson Vilhjálmur H. , Klock Kristin S. , Størksen Kjell , Bårdsen Asgeir 
Published: June 2012

AbstractAimThe aim of this study was to measure, in adults, changes in crest bone level around single dental implants in the anterior maxilla and continuous eruption of adjacent teeth.Material and methodsIn this prospective study, 50 patients received single‐implant‐supported crowns in the maxillary anterior region. Enrolled patients lacked maxillary anterior teeth as a sequel to trauma or agenesis in the maxillary anterior region. Participants were followed during a 3‐year period. Baseline radiographs were taken at the time of loading and then repeated at one‐ and 3‐year recalls. Radiographic parameters were recorded to assess changes in the skeletal bone structure and crest bone level.ResultsTwenty‐six patients attended for all recalls. Three patients were excluded owing to difficulties related to identifying the same radiographic landmark on the radiographs throughout the recall period. All implants were successfully integrated with no sign of peri‐implantitis. The mean crest bone loss was 0.45 mm at the mesial aspect of the implant and 0.56 mm at the distal aspect. In smokers, there was significant bone loss on the distal aspect. Mean change between reference points on implant and adjacent tooth (continuous eruption of adjacent tooth) over the 3‐year period was 0.67 mm. In women, mean change (0.79 mm) was statistically insignificantly higher, compared with men (0.59 mm).ConclusionsRadiographic evaluation of crest bone level showed slight bone loss after 3 years of functional loading. Some changes in the eruption of neighbouring teeth were seen. Being a smoker was associated with significant negative changes related to the crest bone level.
Barriers to diabetes control from Syrian women's perspectives
Authors: ZAMZAM Suzan , ANOOSHEH Monireh , AHMADI Fazlollah 
Published: June 2012

AbstractAim:  Diabetes constitutes a major public health problem and is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality. The purpose of this study was to explore the barriers to diabetes control of middle‐aged Syrian women with type 2 diabetes.Methods:  A qualitative approach was adopted using conventional content analysis of semi‐structured interviews carried out with 12 women with type 2 diabetes in the diabetic center in Lattakia (Syria) between March 2010 and December 2010. The participants were recruited by the purposeful sampling method.Results:  Three main themes emerged from the data analysis: (i) a poor patient–healthcare provider relationship; (ii) inadequate education; (iii) and psychosocial problems. The first theme had two subthemes: (i) relationship with doctors; and (ii) relationship with nurses. The second theme was without subthemes. The third theme consisted of six subthemes: (i) work and family responsibilities; (ii) motherhood role; (iii) lack of social support; (iv) anxiety; (v) depression; and (vi) low self‐efficacy.Conclusion:  The findings support that effective relationships can be enhanced through active listening and by opening a free channel for the flow of ideas and information between patients and healthcare providers. Additionally, providers have an important role to play in learning to identify and manage the psychosocial problems that arise in living with diabetes, so that their patients can be supported in overcoming barriers to managing their diabetes more effectively.
Use of a universal testing machine for quantitative evaluation of the shattering habit of rice (Oryza sativa L.) for whole‐crop silage use
Authors: Matsushita Kei , Iida Shuichi , Ideta Osamu , Sunohara Yoshihiro , Ishii Takuro 
Published: June 2012

AbstractIn the breeding of rice cultivars for use for whole‐crop silage, accurate evaluation of shattering is important because its characteristics affect the digestibility of grains by animals. However, measurements of the rice grain pedicel breaking tensile strength (BTS) using a conventional shattering testing device, such as the TR‐II, are laborious. We tested a universal testing machine (UTM), a device used for physical analysis, as a labor‐saving technique for measuring rice grain pedicel BTS. A simple attachment consisting of a holding clip and a polyethylene string to the coupler was prepared to adapt the UTM for BTS measurement. There were significant (P < 0.001) positive correlations between the measurements using the UTM and TR‐II across 19 rice cultivars ranging from “easy” to “very hard” shattering habit. The results indicate that the UTM is appropriate for evaluating grain‐pedicel BTS.