bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
43.2: A Charge‐Reservoir with Buck‐Store and Boost‐Restore (BSBR) Technique for High Efficient Conversion and Low Cost Solution of RGB LED Display Panels
Authors: Hsieh Chun‐Yu , Yang Chih‐Yu , Huang Ming‐Hsin , Li Don‐Hwan , Chen Chi‐Lin , Chen Ke‐Horng 
Published: August 2010

AbstractA boost converter with buck‐store and boost‐restore(BSBR) technique fabricated by 0.25μm CMOS BCD process can provide different supply voltages to drive series RGB LEDs in sequence for reducing the power consumption on the constant current generator. The proposed technique not only stores and restores extra charge during the transient time of the reference tracking response to improve the efficiency but also enhances the reference tracking response to greatly reduce load transition time. Experimental results show that the period of reference‐tracking response can be improved. When the load current is 100mA, the periods of reference down‐tracking and up‐tracking are smaller than 10μs and 20μs, respectively. Furthermore, this technique also can provide a regulated voltage to drive the sub‐block implemented in the LCD system. The maximum efficiency of charge recycling is up to 94% and the maximum efficiency of this boost converter is 92.5%. Experimental results demonstrate fast and efficient reference tracking performance is achieved by the proposed BSBR technique.
46.5L: Late‐News Paper: Confinement of Triplet‐Excited States by Fluorinated Polyvinylcarbazole for High Efficiency OLEDs
Authors: Enomoto Shintaro , Uchikoga Shuichi , Mizuno Yukitami , Takasu Isao , Sawabe Tomoaki , Amano Akio , Wada Atsushi , Yoshida Jiro , Ono Tomio 
Published: August 2010

AbstractBased on molecular orbital calculation, solution processable fluorinated polyvinylcarbazole (poly (N‐vinyl 2,7‐ difluorocarbazole), (F‐PVK)) is synthesized as host material for blue electrophosphorescent organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs). F‐PVK successfully confined triplet excitons to the guest phosphorescent material, iridium(III) bis[(4,6‐ difluorophenyl)‐pyridinato‐N,C2′]picolinate (FIrpic). To the authors' knowledge, it showed the highest up‐to‐date solution‐ processed blue polymer OLED efficiency of 27 cd/A at 760 cd/m2.
49.1: Fabrication of 23” PVA LCD Panel by Laser Ablation Process of ITO
Authors: Shin Yonghwan , Jeon Baekkyun , Shin Sungtae , Lim Soonkwon , Souk Junhyung , Odajima Tamotsu 
Published: August 2010

AbstractWe fabricated the world first 23” PVA LCD panel of which transparent electrode (ITO) was patterned by “laser ablation process”. Generally photo process is used to pattern the transparent electrode. To simplify this photo process we tried to develop laser ablation process to pattern the ITO. Current photo process is composed of 6 steps such as Coating the Photoresist, Baking, Exposure, Development, Etching, and Stripping. But we succeeded in simplifying this process by the laser ablation process. From this experiment, we could identify the possibility of laser ablation process which can be used on the patterning process of transparent electrodes.
49.5L: Late‐News Paper: Roll‐To‐Roll Manufacturing of Electronic Skins
Authors: Koch Tim , Hill Don , Delos‐Reyes Mike , Mabeck Jeff , Yeo Jong‐Souk , Stellbrink Joe , Henze Dick , Zhou Zhang‐Lin 
Published: August 2010

AbstractA new roll‐to‐roll manufacturing platform has been developed that enables the fabrication of durable and flexible electronics. Here we present this platform capability and its application to create thin, conformable electronic skins that can change their appearance upon application of low‐power electronic signals.
49.6L: Late‐News Paper: Transparent Organic Planarizing Films for Low Temperature Display Applications
Authors: Rutter Edward W. , Krishnamoorthy Ahila , Kennedy Joseph T. , Burroughes Jeremy , Ghouse Sharmil , Halls Jonathan , Newsome Chris 
Published: August 2010

AbstractThe development of organic planarizing films that can be cured at low temperature and demonstrate high optical transparency is reported. This material is targeted for low temperature (<200°C) applications with thermally‐sensitive substrates. The use of a novel catalyst has permitted the low temperature curing to occur while providing formulation stability even at elevated (40°C) temperature. These organic materials are designed to compliment other materials offerings for the display industry in applications where high temperature processing cannot be accommodated.
50.2: Power Savings by Local Dimming on a LCD Panel with Side Lit Backlight
Authors: Hulze Hendriek Groot , deGreef Pierre 
Published: August 2010

AbstractLocal dimming of segmented direct lit backlights is a known technique to save power and improve the contrast. Also there is a trend towards slim side lit panels. with proper LED‐drivers and algorithms both technologies can be combined. The power saving can be doubled compared to a global dimmed backlight.
51.3: The Use of Transparent Conductive Polymer for Electrode Materials in Flexible Electronic Paper
Authors: Nishii Masayuki , Sakurai Ryo , Sugie Kaoru , Masuda Yoshitomo , Hattori Reiji 
Published: August 2010

AbstractTransparent conductive polymer of PEDOT/PSS has been applied to top electrodes of flexible electronic‐paper display. High resolution electrode patterning of the polymer materials in a line shape has been performed by laser ablation method. An 8.4‐in. diagonal and 82 dpi flexible electronic paper using quick response liquid‐powder technology has been prepared by applying the patterned flexible substrates. The flexible electronic paper with PEDOT/PSS electrodes has exhibited comparable display properties to that consisting of ITO electrodes.
53.4: Development of 31‐Inch Full‐HD AMOLED TV Using LTPS‐TFT and RGB FMM
Authors: Lee Myung Ho , Seop Song Myoung , Kim Jong Soo , Hwang Jung Ho , Shin Hye Jin , Cho Sang Kyun , Min Kyoung Wook , Kwak Won Kyu , Jung Sun I , Kim Chang Soo , Choi Woong Sik , Kim Sung Cheol , Yoo Eu Jin 
Published: August 2010

AbstractIn this paper, we describe the technologies for implementation of the world's largest Active Matrix Organic Light‐Emitting Diode (AMOLED) TV. Low Temperature Poly‐Silicon (LTPS) method is applied to integrate driver and pixel circuit in panel. Also, we used Fine Metal Mask (FMM) for color patterned R,G,B pixels. for achieving better color gamut, we applied bottom‐emission micro‐cavity structure. As a result, we have fabricated 31‐inch Full‐HD(1920×l080) AMOLED display. The power consumption is less than 40W, which it displays motion picture. We achieved excellent performance like color gamut over 100%, contrast ratio over 1,000,000:1, life time over 35,000hrs, 200cd/m2 white brightness (peak brightness is 550 cd/m2). We now remarkably achieved a slim TV set under 1cm thickness. The module thickness including electronic devices is only 4.3mm with aluminum frame.
55.4: Improvement of Thermal Uniformity of LED Backlight Module by Irregular Bracket Design
Authors: Yang Hung‐Ling , Chen Ya‐Wen , Tzeng Alex 
Published: August 2010

AbstractIn this paper, an investigation of how to improve thermal uniformity of LED backlight module without extra thermal cooling device was carried out. According to numerical analysis results, we find out that using irregular lamp bracket design can improve thermal uniformity of LED light bar due to appropriate metal area. After suitable metal area adjusted, reducing the difference of LED junction temperature can enhance the uniformity of light output and longer lifetime.
57.3: Adaptive Digital Video Format Converter IC Featuring Qdeo True Color and Natural Depth Expansion
Authors: Balram Nikhil , Subrahmanyam Moola , Ghosh Bipasha , Garg Sanjay , Bhaskaran Vasudev , Sridhar K. , Shah Gaurav 
Published: August 2010

AbstractToday's consumer has access to a wide variety of video sources, including traditional broadcast and packaged media sources as well as internet sources like YouTube, Hulu and iTunes. These video sources have a variety of resolutions and usually a lot of artifacts. Furthermore, they all have limited gray‐scales of 256 levels or less, resulting in contouring artifacts. On the other hand displays continue to increase in bit‐depth, size, and resolution, with 10‐bit and 12‐bit panels increasingly common and 4K×2K displays starting to enter the high‐end. This paper describes a new digital video format converter IC featuring proprietary Qdeo video processing that bridges this big “color‐gap” between video sources and video displays.
9.1: 40 Inch FHD AM‐OLED Display with IR Drop Compensation Pixel Circuit
Authors: Kim Yang Wan , Kwak Won Kyu , Lee Jae Yong , Choi Wong Sik , Lee Ki Yong , Kim Sung Chul , Yoo Eui Jin 
Published: August 2010

AbstractSamsung Mobile Display has developed a full color 40″ FHD AM‐OLED display, the largest OLED display ever reported to data. It was based on the technologies of Low temperature poly‐Silicon (LTPS) TFT backplane using Super Grain Silicon (SGS) crystallization method, and power line IR‐drop cancellation pixel circuit. Through this designed panel, we can estimate the possibility of large‐Size and high‐resolution AMOLED panel as TV applications.
60.4L: Late‐News Paper: High Efficiency 200‐lm/W Green Light Emitting Organic Devices Prepared on High‐Index of Refraction Substrate
Authors: Mikami Akiyoshi , Koyanagi Takahiro 
Published: August 2010

AbstractThe total flux of the emitted light has been successfully enhanced by employing high refractive index (n=2.0) glass substrate coated with a light extraction layer. The normal CBP:Ir(ppy)3 based small molecule multilayer device exhibits a maximum external quantum efficiency of 56.9% and a power efficiency of 210‐lm/W with a threshold voltage of 2.7V. Optical mode analysis by original computer software identified the importance of the control of refractive index of substrate for total improvement of out‐coupling efficiency.
61.2: Image‐Quality Modelling of a Mobile Display under Various Ambient Illuminations
Authors: Yoo Jang Jin , Cui Guihua , Luo M. Ronnier 
Published: August 2010

AbstractAn adaptive image‐quality model that incorporates the ambient illumination conditions were developed by carrying out a series of psychophysical experiment for assessing the image quality under dark, bright and outdoor bright surround conditions. Two objective measures (colour‐difference metric and colour‐naturalness metric) were employed to predict image quality.
61.4: Quantization in Medical Imaging Displays — Initial Observer Results for a High‐Luminance‐Range, Dual‐Layer LCD
Authors: Badan Aldo , Guarnieri Gabriele , Ramponi Giovanni , Albani Luigi 
Published: August 2010

Abstractobserver detection performance with 8‐ and 16‐bit grayscale presentation. Eight readers evaluated 532 image pairs using a two‐alternative forced choice experimental design. The image set consisted of synthetic backgrounds generated using the mammography‐like cluster lumpy background (CLB) technique with a dual‐layer approach with parameter values that have been shown to replicate the correlation structure found in digital mammography. The image pats were reviewed in a display device prototype with one million pixels capable of processing and displaying 16‐bit images (up to 65536 luminance values). These image pats were presented either as non‐quantized (full range) images in a 16‐bit presentation scale, or as quantized, 8‐bit images, with a perceptual mapping of gray levels to luminance. The difference in reader performance between reads on quantized image pairs and reads on non‐quantized image pairs were derived using fraction of correct decisions. The variance of our measurements was estimated using a multi‐reader, multi‐case analysis. Average reader performance difference between 16‐ and 8‐bit quantization was 0.065 with an associated standard deviation of 0.048. Our study showed that image quantization is an important factor in visual detection task, that is, a quantization from 16‐ to 8‐bit significantly reduces reader detection performance.
63.3: Multinozzle Printing: A Cost‐Effective Process for OLED Display Fabrication
Authors: Chesterfield Reid J. , Frischknecht Kyle D. , Stainer Matthew , Truong Nugent , Murai Masayuki , Oze Hirokazu , Shiota Akihito , Suzuki Satoshi 
Published: August 2010

AbstractCost‐effective and scalable patterning of OLED materials remains a key challenge in order for OLED displays to achieve widespread FPD market penetration. We will review progress on multinozzle jet patterning of small‐molecule emissive layer materials using a Gen. 4 scale printer. Periodic luminance non‐uniformity appears as stitching/swath marks and present a challenge for transitioning this technology from a single to multinozzle printer. Thickness non‐uniformity and/or pass effects, present under certain circumstances, can lead to stitching. We will present solutions to stitching and discuss full color printing methods and TACT for the multinozzle printer.
64.1: Distinguished Paper: A Reduced Voltage Differential Signaling (RVDS) Interface for Chip‐On‐Glass TFT‐LCD Applications
Authors: Lim Jung Pil , Kim Ji Hoon , Baek Dong Hoon , Lee Jae Youl , Lee Jae Chul , Choi Young Min , Park Jae Wan , Ryu Keun Ho , Hong Jong Hoon , Kim Tae Kyung , Lee Woo Sung , Kim Paul , Kim Jong Seon , Choi Yoon Kyung , Lee Myung Hee 
Published: August 2010

AbstractReduced Voltage Differential Signaling (RVDS) is a new interface for TFT‐LCD panel with Chip‐On‐Glass (COG) structure which has point‐to‐point topology and voltage mode differential signaling scheme. The display source driver IC with RVDS interface performs higher data rate up to 500Mbps, lower current consumption of 2.2mA, and lower EMI compared with conventional current mode interface.
64.4:Invited Paper: Wireless Panel Architecture Using Lossless Uncompressed 60 GHz Transmissions
Authors: Gilbert Jeffrey M. , Doan Chinh H. , Emami Sohrab , Shung C. Bernard 
Published: August 2010

AbstractWireless transmissions have dramatically improved panel placement and interconnection flexibility. In this paper we present a wireless panel architecture where the panel functionality partitioning can be optimized through the use of a 60 GHz high speed wireless link to deliver full fidelity, uncompressed and lossless video at consumer price points. SiBEAM's fully‐integrated all‐CMOS WirelessHD® chipsets enable this architecture via robust transmissions at data rates up to 4 Gbps.
64.5L: Late‐News Paper: A Clock Embedded Differential Signaling (CEDS™) for the Next Generation TFT‐LCD Applications
Authors: Jeon Hyun‐Kyu , Moon Yong‐Whan , Seo Jeong‐II , Na Joon‐Ho , Oh Hyung‐Seog , Han Dae‐Keun , Kang Pil‐Sung , Jeong Yang‐Seok , Park Man‐Gyu , O Seung‐Cheol , Hong Jin‐Cheol , Kim Lee‐Sup 
Published: August 2010

AbstractA CEDS™ (Clock Embedded Differential Signaling) interface for the next generation TFT‐LCD applications is proposed. The proposed intra‐panel interface reduces the number of signal lines in the TFT‐LCD panel by embedding the clock signal in transmitted data without explicit clock lines, and it provides low EMI, low power consumption and high data rate. The CEDS protocol provides an embedded clock recovery scheme which is based on the delay‐locked loop (DLL). The CEDS interface is verified on a 42‐inch full‐HD (1920×1080) TFT‐LCD panel with the 10‐bit RGB and 120Hz driving technology. The maximum data rate is measured as higher than 1.405Gb/s, with a pixel clock frequency of up to 330MHz.
65.3: 3.1‐Inch Flexible Top‐Emitting AMOLED on Plastic Substrate Driven by Organic Thin Film Transistors
Authors: Yan Jing‐Yi , Chen Hsiang‐Liang , Yeh Shu‐Tung , Liao Jin‐Long , Wu Yen‐Yu , Lin Mei‐Ru , Liao Ko‐Pin , Hung Chu‐Yin , Lee Tzu‐Wei , Cheng Kung‐You , Lee Yen‐Ying , Ho Jia Chong , Ho King‐Yuan , Lin Hung‐Chien , Cheng Chin‐Hung , Wang Pi‐Hsien , Dai Han‐Sheng , Huang Yen‐Shih 
Published: August 2010

AbstractA 3.1‐inch flexible active matrix OTFT‐OLED display had been demonstrated on the plastic substrate with process temperature below 200°C. To realize the flexible AMOLED, we replace ITO by Ag and develop surface control method to achieve high uniformity OTFT array and the lifetime of half Id is over 5000hrs.
66.2: Effects of Diluters on High Δn and Low Viscosity Negative Δε Liquid Crystals
Authors: Song Qiong , Gauza Sebastian , Sun Jie , Wu Shin Tson , Liang Xiao 
Published: August 2010

AbstractLateral difluoro terphenyls exhibit a high birefringence, fairly low viscosity, and modest dielectric anisotropy, but their alignment in a VA cell is often deteriorated at elevated temperatures if their concentration goes high. We have studied the effects of six diluters for lowering the viscosity while stabilizing the VA alignment of the terphenyl host mixture at elevated temperatures. The pros and cons of each diluter are analyzed.
Contrast-induced nephropathy in patients undergoing computed tomography (CONNECT) – a clinical problem in daily practice? a multicenter observational study
Authors: Lencioni Riccardo , Fattori Rossella , Morana Giovanni , Stacul Fulvio ,   for The Italian Observational Study Panel
Published: August 2010

Background: Although several studies have examined contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) following computed tomography (CT) procedures under closely controlled clinical trial conditions, less is known about the incidence of CIN (or its key predictive factors) in a “real world” clinical setting. Purpose: A multicenter, observational registry study was undertaken in Italian hospital radiology departments to retrospectively assess the incidence of CIN in at-risk patients undergoing iodixanol-enhanced CT procedures. Material and Methods: Each department used center-specific (nonstandardized) CT protocols. Data were available from 493 at-risk patients; most (76.4%) had 1 risk factor for CIN, 19.8% had 2, and 3.4% had 3. In all, 169 patients (34.3%) had reduced renal function (estimated glomerular filtration rate [eGFR] <60 ml/min/1.73m2). Prophylactic volume expansion was not used in 70.6% of the study population. Results: The overall incidence of CIN (defined as a ≥44.2 μmol/l [0.5 mg/dl] increase in serum creatinine from baseline 72 h postprocedure) was 2.6%; in the subpopulation of patients with renal impairment (with or without other risk factors), CIN incidence was 4.7%. Multivariate analysis identified renal insufficiency as the only risk factor predictive of CIN (relative risk, 3.850; 95% confidence interval, 1.200–12.348; P=0.023). Conclusion: In the clinical setting of hospital CT radiology practice, where guideline-recommended strategies for CIN prevention may not be consistently followed, use of the iso-osmolar agent iodixanol appears to be associated with a low incidence of CIN in at-risk patients.
Diffusion tensor imaging of the brain in a healthy adult population: Normative values and measurement reproducibility at 3 T and 1.5 T
Authors: Brander Antti , Kataja Anneli , Saastamoinen Antti , Ryymin Pertti , Huhtala Heini , Öhman Juha , Soimakallio Seppo , Dastidar Prasun 
Published: August 2010

Background: Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) is an increasingly used method for investigation of brain white matter integrity in both research and clinical applications. Familiarity with normal variation of fractional anisotropy (FA) and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values and measurement reproducibility is essential when DTI measurements are interpreted in clinical patients. Purpose: To establish normal values for FA and ADC in a healthy adult population at 1.5 T and 3 T MRI based on region of interest (ROI) analysis, and to study the inter- and intra-observer reproducibility of the measurements. Material and Methods: Forty healthy volunteers (26 women, 14 men, mean age 38.3, SD 11.6 years) underwent conventional MRI and DTI of the brain, 30 with 3 T and 10 with 1.5 T clinical scanners. ROI-based measurements for FA and ADC values were performed in five different anatomic locations of each hemisphere and in three locations within the corpus callosum. Mean values for FA and ADC for each region were calculated. Inter-observer variation of ROI measurements was evaluated by comparing the results of the two observers, intra-observer variation by repeated measurement of 10 subjects by both observers. Results: The FA values varied considerably between different regions. The highest values were found in the genu and splenium of the corpus callosum and the lowest in the corona radiata, respectively. In general, ADC values showed less variation; the highest values were found in the body of the corpus callosum and the lowest in the corona radiata. The reproducibility of both inter- and intra-observer measurements also varied regionally. The highest agreement was found for the corpus callosum and the lowest for the corona radiata and centrum semiovale. Conclusion: In a normal adult population FA and ADC values of the brain white matter show regional variation. The repeatability of the ROI measurements also varies regionally. This regional variability must be acknowledged when these measurements are interpreted in clinical patients.
Venous and cerebrospinal fluid flow in multiple sclerosis: A case‐control study
Authors: Sundström Peter , Wåhlin Anders , Ambarki Khalid , Birgander Richard , Eklund Anders , Malm Jan 
Published: August 2010

AbstractThe prevailing view on multiple sclerosis etiopathogenesis has been challenged by the suggested new entity chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency. To test this hypothesis, we studied 21 relapsing‐remitting multiple sclerosis cases and 20 healthy controls with phase‐contrast magnetic resonance imaging. In addition, in multiple sclerosis cases we performed contrast‐enhanced magnetic resonance angiography. We found no differences regarding internal jugular venous outflow, aqueductal cerebrospinal fluid flow, or the presence of internal jugular blood reflux. Three of 21 cases had internal jugular vein stenoses. In conclusion, we found no evidence confirming the suggested vascular multiple sclerosis hypothesis. ANN NEUROL 2010;68:255–259
Polymere Modellmembranen
Authors: Akimoto Akira , Dorn Klaus , Gros Leo , Ringsdorf Helmut , Schupp Hans 
Published: August 2010

Die Stabilisierung synthetischer Membranen durch Polymerisation gelingt – je nach Monomer – unter Erhaltung der Kopfgruppeneigenschaften (a–c) oder unter Erhaltung der Kettenbeweglichkeit (d). Der Punkt symbolisiert die Kopfgruppe, das Kreuz die polymerisierbare Gruppe. Für alle vier Fälle gibt es Beispiele magnified image.
Dilithiierte N‐Alkyl‐ oder N‐Phenyl‐carbamidsäure‐allylester, leicht zugängliche Propionaldehyd‐d3‐Äquivalente
Authors: Hanko Rudolf , Hoppe Dieter 
Published: August 2010

Die neue dilithiierte Verbindung (1) empfiehlt sich für Umsetzungen mit Elektrophilen. Ein dabei erhaltenes Produkt, der leicht spaltbare Z‐Enolester (2), sollte als Enolat‐Vorstufe für regio‐ und diastereoselektive Verknüpfungen geeignet sein magnified image.
Synthese von Vielelektronenliganden für Übergangsmetalle via Spiro[cyclopropan‐1,1′‐inden]
Authors: Berghus Karlheinz , Hamsen Angelika , Rensing Alfons , Woltermann Annegret , Kauffmann Thomas 
Published: August 2010

Der Vielelektronenligand im stabilen Eisenkomplex (1) ist wie viele andere Liganden dieser Art aus der Titelverbindung synthetisiert worden. Liganden mit Indenylgruppe bilden chirale Komplexe; dies könnte für die Entwicklung von Katalysatoren für die asymmetrische Homogenkatalyse nützlich sein magnified image.
Alkyl(dicyclopentadienyl)lutetium‐Komplexe: monomere Alkyllanthanoid‐Derivate
Authors: Schumann Herbert , Genthe Wolfgang , Bruncks Norbert 
Published: August 2010

Bis ca. 100°C beständig sind die monomeren Alkyllutetium‐Komplexe vom Typ (1). Während sich das Methyl‐, Ethyl‐ und n‐Butyl‐Derivat bei Raumtemperatur nur NMR‐spektroskopisch in Benzol als 1:1‐Komplexe mit THF nachweisen lassen, können Derivate mit größeren Alkyl‐ (oder Aryl‐)Liganden kristallin isoliert werden. Alle Verbindungen (1) sind extrem feuchtigkeits‐ und luftempfindlich magnified image.