bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Endobronchial ultrasound‐guided transbronchial needle aspirate (EBUS‐TBNA):A proposal for on‐site adequacy criteria
Authors: Nayak Anupma , Sugrue Chiara , Koenig Seth , Wasserman Patricia G. , Hoda Syed , Morgenstern Nora J. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractThis is a retrospective study of 48 patients who underwent EBUS‐TBNA procedure between the periods January 2008 to September 2009 at Long Island Jewish Medical Center. The study was undertaken with the following objectives: First, to define practical and useful on‐site adequacy criteria for EBUS‐TBNA samples; Second, to understand the diagnostic pitfalls associated with accurate interpretation of EBUS‐TBNA samples. EBUS‐TBNA procedure was able to diagnose 24/48 (50%) patients with malignancy, 1/48 (2%) suspicious for malignancy, 9/48 (19%) with granulomatous process, and 9/48 (19%) negative for disease. Only five cases (10%) could not be diagnosed with this procedure. Based on our experience, any smear with presence of > 5 low power fields (×100) with ≥ 100 lymphocytes in each and containing < 2 groups of bronchial cells/low power field (×100) can be considered adequate for evaluation. Also, the presence of germinal center fragments renders a smear adequate for evaluation, irrespective of the above mentioned criteria. Adequacy criteria are to be applied only to the smears not showing any identifiable pathology such as malignancy or granuloma. An understanding of diagnostic pitfalls associated with accurate interpretation of EBUS‐TBNA samples is essential to avoid false‐positive and false‐negative diagnosis. To conclude, an effective communication between the clinician and cytologist, an algorithmic approach to diagnosis, and the on‐site adequacy criteria proposed in this study can markedly improve the diagnostic yield of the procedure. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2011. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Inguinal lymph nodal metastasis of myxopapillary ependymoma confirmed by fine‐needle aspiration cytology, biopsy, and immunohistochemistry: Case report
Authors: Vega‐Orozco Rosalba , Rembao‐Bojórquez Daniel , Salmerón‐Mercado Mónica , García‐Marquez Arturo , Tena‐Suck Martha L. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractEpendymoma (EP) rarely metastasizes outside the central nervous system. Inguinal nodule metastasis of EP more than 10 years after surgical resection and radiotherapy is extremely rare. We report a man aged 38 years who underwent surgery for lumbosacral myxopapillary EP at the age of 22 years and was treated with several cycles of radiotherapy. The patient was reoperated for residual tumor and received two complete cycles of radiotherapy for 11 years. Biopsies were always diagnosed as myxopapillary EP. Five years after the last surgical excision, the patient developed abdominal pain and inguinal lymphadenopathy. Biopsy was performed by fine‐needle aspiration and was proven malignant epithelial neoplasm with a myxoid background, was diagnosed as metastasis of EP. Biopsy showed an anaplastic EP grade III. EP is often recurrent at the primary site but can seed on the entire cerebrospinal axis. We describe the clinical features of this rare lesion and particularly emphasize the need for long‐term follow‐up, for more than 10 years after the initial treatment, in patients with EP and malignant transformation after radiotherapy. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Predicting screening sensitivity from workload in gynecologic cytology: A review
Authors: Renshaw Andrew A. , Elsheikh Tarik M. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractRecent studies have shown that it is possible to correlate workload or epithelial cell abnormality (ECA) adjusted workload with screening sensitivity. The results show that for manual screening of conventional smears or SurePath slides, screening sensitivity begins to fall with workloads as low as 30 slides/day. For review of slides with the ThinPrep Imaging System, screening sensitivity appears to be better correlated with ECA adjusted workload (workload × ECA rate) than workload alone. Screening sensitivity with the ThinPrep imager appears to fall at ECA adjusted workloads of 7 slides/day at a threshold of ASCUS and above and LSIL, and slightly lower for HSIL. This corresponds to 70 slides/day at an ECA rate of 10%. The variance in these models is likely high reflecting a wide range of individual cytotechnologist performance. Strategies to most effectively incorporate this data in the management of workload in the laboratory are reviewed. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Myxoid liposarcoma: A case report of a sentinel metastasis to the parotid gland with molecular confirmation
Authors: Been Laura , Olar Adriana , Powers Martin P. , López‐Terrada Dolores , Laucirica Rodolfo 
Published: November 2010

AbstractMyxoid liposarcoma is a subtype of liposarcoma with a predilection for the deep soft tissues of the extremities that accounts approximately for 10% of all adult soft tissue sarcomas. We report a case of a metastatic myxoid liposarcoma to the parotid gland, with fine‐needle aspiration cytology correlation and molecular characterization. The lesion was diagnosed in a 53‐year‐old Hispanic male who presented with a left posterior thigh mass. A core needle biopsy established the diagnosis of myxoid liposarcoma. The patient underwent limb‐sparing, wide local excision of the malignancy and later presented with an initial metastatic lesion to the parotid gland. The diagnosis of metastatic myxoid liposarcoma was rendered by fine‐needle aspiration cytology with cell block preparation, and molecular confirmation. Although myxoid/round cell liposarcomas are classically described as having minimal pleomorphism on cytologic material, we encountered significant pleomorphism in our case. Therefore, a diagnosis of myxoid/round cell liposarcoma should still be a diagnostic consideration even if markedly pleomorphic cells are seen in fine‐needle aspiration biopsies. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Incidental detection of filaria in fine‐needle aspirates: A cytologic study of 14 clinically unsuspected cases at different sites
Authors: Mondal Santosh Kumar 
Published: November 2010

AbstractFilariasis is a major health problem in tropical countries like India. Detection of microfilariae or adult worm or egg in FNAC is very unusual despite the high incidence of this parasite in endemic zone. The aim of this study was to document the value of fine‐needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) in diagnosis of filaria at all possible sites presenting as mass or swelling.Fourteen patients (nine males and five females) in the age range of 14–61 years were subjected to FNAC. FNA from swellings was done using 22‐gauge needles fitted with 10 or 20 ml disposable plastic syringes. The slides were stained with May–Grunwald–Giemsa stain, Haematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) stain, and Papanicolaou (Pap) stain.In total, 14 cases of filariasis were detected, which included subcutaneous swellings (six cases), epididymis/spermatic cord nodules (four cases), breast lumps (two cases), lymph nodes (one case), and thyroid swelling (one case). Larvae (microfilariae), eggs, and adult worms were detected in cytological smears. Microfilaria was present in all 14 cases whereas adult worm was found in three cases only. In four cases, eggs were seen in the smears. None of the patients was microfilariaemic and significant eosinophilia (>10%) was seen seen in two patients.Filarisis should be considered as one of the differential diagnosis of swelling in endemic area. Identification of the parasite, Wuchereria bancrofti, in FNA smears and accurate diagnosis of filaria is important to employ proper treatment. Early diagnosis and treatment prevents the more severe manifestation of the disease, lymphatic filariasis. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A numerical study on hydrological impacts of forest restoration in the southern United States
Authors: Liu Yongqiang 
Published: November 2010

AbstractLandscape in the southern United States changed dramatically during the 1930s and the following decades when massive agricultural and abandoned logging lands were converted to forest lands through natural restoration and silviculture. The impacts of this forest restoration on hydrology were investigated in this study by conducting numerical experiments with a regional climate model. Climatic and hydrological conditions for the months of January and July during an 8‐year period were simulated with prior and post forest conversion land cover, respectively. The assembled results of the simulations and experiments during the period indicate that overall precipitation decreases in July and increases in January in the restoration region (RR) in response to the restoration, mainly caused by the reduction in the corresponding prevailing winds due to increased surface roughness. Evapotranspiration and root‐layer soil moisture increase in both months, mainly caused by the changes in vegetation and soil properties. Solar radiation increases due to smaller albedo, most of which is used to increase sensible heat. Large increases in July precipitation, evapotranspiration, and runoff in the remote central Midwest are found, resulting from the change in the large‐scale atmospheric circulation. The implications of the results for the projected vegetation changes due to the climate change and the silviculture project in the Southeast in the future are discussed. Published in 2010. This article is a US Government work and is in the publich domain in the USA.
Synthesis and Magnetic Properties of a Nitrogen‐Containing Fullerene Dimer
Authors: Hörmann Frank , Hirsch Andreas , Porfyrakis Kyriakos , Briggs G. Andrew D. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractWe report here on the two‐step synthesis of fullerene dimer 3 from monomer 2. The structures were confirmed by MALDI mass spectrometry, UV/Vis, FTIR, 1H NMR, and 13C NMR spectroscopy. The magnetic properties of the analogous species of dimer 3, N@C140H24O12, were studied by continuous‐wave electron‐spin resonance (CW‐EPR), indicating that the functionalization introduces a permanent zero‐field splitting (ZFS) D = 8.6 MHz and E = 0.45 MHz. The same synthetic procedure could be used to produce a 14N–15N dimer enabling spin resonance experiments that could demonstrate entanglement between electron spins.
Ionic Liquid Supported Organotin Reagents: Green Tools for Stille Cross‐Coupling Reactions with Brominated Substrates
Authors: Louaisil Nicolas , Pham Phuoc Dien , Boeda Fabien , Faye Djibril , Castanet Anne‐Sophie , Legoupy Stéphanie 
Published: November 2010

AbstractEfficiency of ionic liquid supported organotin reagents in Stille cross‐coupling reactions involving aryl bromides has been investigated. In a general manner, products were isolated with good yields by using a very simple catalytic system without the need of solvent, ligand, or additives. The organotin compounds were recycled without loss of activity and the contamination by tin was limited and controlled ([Sn] < 3 ppm).
Synthetic Studies towards New Nucleoside Analogues: Preparation of (±)‐1′,4′‐Dimethyladenosine
Authors: Chaubet Guilhem , Bourgeois Damien , Périgaud Christian 
Published: November 2010

AbstractRacemic 1′,4′‐dimethyladenosine was prepared according to a stereoselective sequence from 2,5‐dimethyl furan and vinylene carbonate. This sequence is short and efficient (nine steps) and relies on the desymmetrization of a meso diol, followed by the glycosylation of the anomeric position. The latter reaction was thoroughly studied, as it is the key step of the sequence, and very particular reactivity of the 1′,4′‐dimethylated sugars was observed. Secondary reactions took place according to original mechanisms and delivered original byproducts.
Ionic Liquid Brush as a Highly Efficient and Reusable Catalyst for On‐Water Nucleophilic Substitutions
Authors: Li Jing , Cao Jing‐jing , Wei Jun‐fa , Shi Xian‐ying , Zhang Li‐hui , Feng Jin‐juan , Chen Zhan‐guo 
Published: November 2010

AbstractA very efficient and reusable catalyst has been developed for the on‐water nucleophilic substitution of alkyl halides and tosylates with azide or thiocyanate in excellent to quantitative yields. The reaction proceeds smoothly and cleanly without any organic cosolvent or other adductive, and the brush can be reused at least 10 times without noticeable loss of the catalytic activity. The high efficiency, simplicity of product and catalyst isolation, outstanding recyclability, and organic‐solvent‐free conditions show promise for the use of this catalyst in the laboratory and in industry.
Elemental Iodine or Diphenyl Diselenide in the [Bis(trifluoroacetoxy)iodo]benzene‐Mediated Conversion of Alkynes into 1,2‐Diketones
Authors: Tingoli Marco , Mazzella Mauro , Panunzi Barbara , Tuzi Angela 
Published: November 2010

AbstractBoth elemental iodine and diphenyl diselenides, in the presence of [bis(trifluoroacetoxy)iodo]benzene (PIFA), promote the transformation of internal alkynes into the corresponding 1,2‐diketones. The reactions carried out in the presence of iodine unfortunately did not proceed with complete conversion of the starting alkynes. On the other hand, diphenyl diselenide was more efficient and gave satisfactory transformation of the starting alkynes into 1,2‐diketones in better yields. The structure of the vicinal dicarbonyl compounds were confirmed by applying a subsequent condensation reaction to construct the corresponding quinoxaline derivatives.
New Photochromic Dithienylethenes through a Click Chemistry Approach
Authors: Tosic Oliver , Mattay Jochen 
Published: November 2010

AbstractSymmetric dithienylethenes 9–12 bearing a variety of substituents were synthesized by a click chemistry approach. The starting material, diacetylene 4, was obtained through Wittig reaction of dialdehyde 1 with dibromomethyltriphenylphosphonium bromide (2) and subsequent treatment with a lithium base (Corey–Fuchs reaction). Triazoles 11 and 12 with covalently linked fluorophore moieties show reversible quenching of fluorescence in solution.
Deregulation of FoxM1b leads to tumour metastasis
Authors: Park Hyun Jung , Gusarova Galina , Wang Zebin , Carr Janai R. , Li Jing , Kim Ki‐Hyun , Qiu Jin , Park Yoon‐Dong , Williamson Peter R. , Hay Nissim , Tyner Angela L. , Lau Lester F. , Costa Robert H. , Raychaudhuri Pradip 
Published: November 2010

AbstractThe forkhead box M1b (FoxM1b) transcription factor is over‐expressed in human cancers, and its expression often correlates with poor prognosis. Previously, using conditional knockout strains, we showed that FoxM1b is essential for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) development. However, over‐expression of FoxM1b had only marginal effects on HCC progression. Here we investigated the effect of FoxM1b expression in the absence of its inhibitor Arf. We show that transgenic expression of FoxM1b in an Arf‐null background drives hepatic fibrosis and metastasis of HCC. We identify novel mechanisms of FoxM1b that are involved in epithelial–mesenchymal transition, cell motility, invasion and a pre‐metastatic niche formation. FoxM1b activates the Akt‐Snail1 pathway and stimulates expression of Stathmin, lysyl oxidase, lysyl oxidase like‐2 and several other genes involved in metastasis. Furthermore, we show that an Arf‐derived peptide, which inhibits FoxM1b, impedes metastasis of the FoxM1b‐expressing HCC cells. The observations indicate that FoxM1b is a potent activator of tumour metastasis and that the Arf‐mediated inhibition of FoxM1b is a critical mechanism for suppression of tumour metastasis.
Bidirectional seismic performance of steel beam to circular tubular column connections with outer diaphragm
Authors: Wang Wei , Chen Yiyi , Li Wanqi , Leon Roberto T. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractThis paper presents an experimental investigation on the seismic behavior of H‐beam to circular tubular column connections stiffened by an outer ring diaphragm. An innovative three‐dimensional (3D) connection subassembly testing system was first described. Specimens representative of two‐dimensional (2D) interior columns, 3D interior and exterior columns in a steel building frame were then tested to failure under unidirectional or bidirectional cyclic loads. Various specimen parameters are used to evaluate their effects on connection behavior. Test results indicate significantly different failure modes for 2D and 3D weak panel connections, with panel shear buckling and local distortion of outer diaphragm occurring only for 3D connections. The weak beam connections unexceptionally exhibited final fracture at the junction between diaphragm and beam flange. In contrast with weak beam connections, weak panel connections demonstrated better seismic performance and ductility. As a result, a seismic design philosophy considering panel zone yielding before beam flexural yielding is proposed. Based on experiment observations, small diaphragm width and simplified fillet welding are found to be feasible especially for weak beam connections, improving architectural appearance and facilitating construction. Strength evaluations also suggest that current AIJ design provisions may be appropriate when applied to panel zones in 3D connections. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Influence of spatial correlation of strong ground motion on uncertainty in earthquake loss estimation
Authors: Sokolov Vladimir , Wenzel Friedemann 
Published: November 2010

AbstractIn addition to the mean values of possible loss during an earthquake, parameters of the probability distribution function for the loss to a portfolio (e.g. fractiles and standard deviation) are very important. Recent studies have shown that the proper treatment of ground‐motion variability and, particularly, the correlation of ground motion are essential for the estimation of the seismic hazard, damage and loss for distributed portfolios. In this study, we compared the effects of variations in the between‐earthquake correlation and in the site‐to‐site correlation on seismic loss and damage estimations for the extended objects (hypothetical portfolio) and critical elements (e.g. bridges) of a network. A scenario earthquake approach and a portfolio containing a set of hypothetical building and bridges were used for the purpose. We showed that the relative influences of the types of correlation on characteristics of loss distribution and the probability of damage are not equal. In some cases, when the median values of loss distribution or the probability that at least one critical element of a lifeline will be damaged are considered and when the spatial correlation of ground motion is used, the possible variations in the between‐earthquake correlation may be neglected. The shape of the site‐to‐site correlation function (i.e. the rate of decrease of the coefficient of spatial correlation with separation distance) seems also to be important when modelling spatially correlated ground‐motion fields. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Influence of ground motion spatial variation, site condition and SSI on the required separation distances of bridge structures to avoid seismic pounding
Authors: Bi Kaiming , Hao Hong , Chouw Nawawi 
Published: November 2010

AbstractIt is commonly understood that earthquake ground excitations at multiple supports of large dimensional structures are not the same. These ground motion spatial variations may significantly influence the structural responses. Similarly, the interaction between the foundation and the surrounding soil during earthquake shaking also affects the dynamic response of the structure. Most previous studies on ground motion spatial variation effects on structural responses neglected soil–structure interaction (SSI) effect. This paper studies the combined effects of ground motion spatial variation, local site amplification and SSI on bridge responses, and estimates the required separation distances that modular expansion joints must provide to avoid seismic pounding. It is an extension of a previous study (Earthquake Engng Struct. Dyn. 2010; 39(3):303–323), in which combined ground motion spatial variation and local site amplification effects on bridge responses were investigated. The present paper focuses on the simultaneous effect of SSI and ground motion spatial variation on structural responses. The soil surrounding the pile foundation is modelled by frequency‐dependent springs and dashpots in the horizontal and rotational directions. The peak structural responses are estimated by using the standard random vibration method. The minimum total gap between two adjacent bridge decks or between bridge deck and adjacent abutment to prevent seismic pounding is estimated. Numerical results show that SSI significantly affects the structural responses, and cannot be neglected. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Common pathogenetic mechanism involving human chromosome 18 in familial and sporadic ileal carcinoid tumors
Authors: Cunningham Janet L. , Díaz de Ståhl Teresita , Sjöblom Tobias , Westin Gunnar , Dumanski Jan P. , Janson Eva T. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractSerotonin producing endocrine carcinoma of small intestine (ileal carcinoid) is a clinically distinct endocrine tumor. It is generally considered as a sporadic disease and its molecular etiology is poorly understood. We report comprehensive clinical and molecular studies of 55 sporadic and familial patients diagnosed with this condition. Nine pedigrees encompassing 23 affected subjects were established, consistent with autosomal dominant mode of inheritance. Familial and sporadic patients demonstrated indistinguishable clinical pictures. Molecular analyses of 61 tumors from 45 individuals, including eight familial and 37 sporadic patients, aimed at determination of global copy number aberrations using BAC and Illumina SNP arrays and gene expression profiling by Affymetrix chips. Chromosome 18 aberrations were identified in both sporadic and in familial tumors; 100% vs. 38%, respectively. Other, less frequent aberrations were also common for both groups. Global expression profiles revealed no differentially expressed genes. Frequent gain of chromosome 7 was exclusively observed in metastases, when patient matched primary tumors and metastases were compared. Notably, the latter aberration correlated with solid growth pattern morphology (P < 0.01), a histopathological feature that has previously been related to worse prognosis. The clinical and molecular similarities identified between sporadic and familial cases suggest a common pathogenetic mechanism involved in tumor initiation. The familial variant of ileal carcinoid represents a previously unrecognized autosomal dominant inherited tumor disease, which we propose to call Familial Ileal Endocrine Carcinoma (FIEC). Our findings indicate the location of a FIEC tumor suppressor gene near the telomere of 18q, involved in development of inherited and sporadic tumors. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.