bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Water‐Stable, Eight‐electron Acceptor Drives Anion⋅⋅⋅Water Assisted Tunable Ionic Self‐Assembly and Proton Conduction
Authors: Shukla Jyoti , Bera Siba P. , Ajayakumar M. R. , Konar Sanjit , Mukhopadhyay Pritam 
Published: June 2024

AbstractOrganic π‐scaffolds are being envisaged for new‐age electron‐ and ion‐responsive materials that can accumulate electrons as well as transport proton. However, such systems are extremely rare as electron‐deficient scaffolds are unstable in aqueous solution. Here we detail the synthesis of a water‐stable core‐naphthalenediimide‐nitrobenzyl‐viologen based tetra‐cation, which accumulates up to eight‐electrons within an exceptionally narrow potential window of +0.05 V and −1.12 V. The supramolecular interactions and the ensuing ionic framework are tunable based on the three anions, e. g., Cl−, Br− and PF6−, that are investigated in this work. The ionic framework is formed and supported by a range of H‐bonds, in which, the nitro benzyl groups act as pillars connecting the 1D water‐tapes and the halide anions. The water molecules are hydrogen‐bonded with the halide anions and bestow a facile pathway for the proton conduction, with proton conductivity up to 3.19×10−3 S cm−1. In contrast, the ionic assembly formed by the lipophilic PF6− anions do not host the water tapes and consequently the proton conductivity is found to be four orders of magnitude lower. This is a unique example, whereby proton conductivity is realized and is tunable within a highly electron‐deficient, eight‐electron acceptor, water‐stable ionic supramolecular system.
ABNOH‐Linked Nucleotides and DNA for Bioconjugation and Cross‐linking with Tryptophan‐Containing Peptides and Proteins
Authors: Spampinato Ambra , Leone Denise‐Liu' , Pohl Radek , Tarábek Ján , Šoltysová Markéta , Polák Marek , Kádek Alan , Sýkorová Veronika , Řezáčová Pavlína , Hocek Michal 
Published: June 2024

AbstractReactive N‐hydroxy‐9‐azabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane (ABNOH) linked 2′‐deoxyuridine 5′‐O‐mono‐ and triphosphates were synthesized through a CuAAC reaction of ABNOH‐PEG4‐N3 with 5‐ethynyl‐dUMP or ‐dUTP. The modified triphosphate was used as substrate for enzymatic synthesis of modified DNA probes with KOD XL DNA polymerase. The keto‐ABNO radical reacted with tryptophan (Trp) and Trp‐containing peptides to form a stable tricyclic fused hexahydropyrrolo‐indole conjugates. Similarly modified ABNOH‐linked nucleotides reacted with Trp‐containing peptides to form a stable conjugate in the presence but surprisingly even in the absence of NaNO2 (presumably through activation by O2). The reactive ABNOH‐modified DNA probe was used for bioconjugations and crosslinking with Trp‐containing peptides or proteins.
Synthesis and Antitumour Evaluation of Tricyclic Indole‐2‐Carboxamides against Paediatric Brain Cancer Cells
Authors: John Hamilton Alexander , Lane Samuel , Werry Eryn L. , Suri Amreena , Bailey Anders W. , Mercé Clémentine , Kadolsky Ulrich , Payne Alan D. , Kassiou Michael , Sredni Simone Treiger , Saxena Alka , Gunosewoyo Hendra 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAntitumour properties of some cannabinoids (CB) have been reported in the literature as early as 1970s, however there is no clear consensus to date on the exact mechanisms leading to cancer cell death. The indole‐based WIN 55,212‐2 and SDB‐001 are both known as potent agonists at both CB1 and CB2 receptors, yet we demonstrate herein that only the former can exert in vitro antitumour effects when tested against a paediatric brain cancer cell line KNS42. In this report, we describe the synthesis of novel 3,4‐fused tricyclic indoles and evaluate their functional potencies at both cannabinoid receptors, as well as their abilities to inhibit the growth or proliferation of KNS42 cells. Compared to our previously reported indole‐2‐carboxamides, these 3,4‐fused tricyclic indoles had either completely lost activities, or, showed moderate‐to‐weak antagonism at both CB1 and CB2 receptors. Compound 23 displayed the most potent antitumour properties among the series. Our results further support the involvement of non‐CB pathways for the observed antitumour activities of amidoalkylindole‐based cannabinoids, in line with our previous findings. Transcriptomic analysis comparing cells treated or non‐treated with compound 23 suggested the observed antitumour effects of 23 are likely to result mainly from disruption of the FOXM1‐regulated cell cycle pathways.
Using Fluorescent GAP Indicators to Monitor ER Ca2+
Authors: Rojo‐Ruiz Jonathan , Sánchez‐Rabadán Cinthia , Calvo Belen , García‐Sancho Javier , Alonso Maria Teresa 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is the main reservoir of Ca2+ of the cell. Accurate and quantitative measuring of Ca2+ dynamics within the lumen of the ER has been challenging. In the last decade a few genetically encoded Ca2+ indicators have been developed, including a family of fluorescent Ca2+ indicators, dubbed GFP‐Aequorin Proteins (GAPs). They are based on the fusion of two jellyfish proteins, the green fluorescent protein (GFP) and the Ca2+‐binding protein aequorin. GAP Ca2+ indicators exhibit a combination of several features: they are excitation ratiometric indicators, with reciprocal changes in the fluorescence excited at 405 and 470 nm, which is advantageous for imaging experiments; they exhibit a Hill coefficient of 1, which facilitates the calibration of the fluorescent signal into Ca2+ concentrations; they are insensible to variations in the Mg2+ concentrations or pH variations (in the 6.5‐8.5 range); and, due to the lack of mammalian homologues, these proteins have a favorable expression in transgenic animals. A low Ca2+ affinity version of GAP, GAP3 (KD ≅ 489 µM), has been engineered to conform with the estimated [Ca2+] in the ER. GAP3 targeted to the lumen of the ER (erGAP3) can be utilized for imaging intraluminal Ca2+. The ratiometric measurements provide a quantitative method to assess accurate [Ca2+]ER, both dynamically and at rest. In addition, erGAP3 can be combined with synthetic cytosolic Ca2+ indicators to simultaneously monitor ER and cytosolic Ca2+. Here, we provide detailed methods to assess erGAP3 expression and to perform Ca2+ imaging, either restricted to the ER lumen, or simultaneously in the ER and the cytosol. © 2024 The Authors. Current Protocols published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.Basic Protocol 1: Detection of erGAP3 in the ER by immunofluorescenceBasic Protocol 2: Monitoring ER Ca2+Basic Protocol 3: Monitoring ER‐ and cytosolic‐Ca2+Support Protocol: Generation of a stable cell line expressing erGAP3
A new method for selecting optimum levels in asymmetric Cascaded H‐Bridge‐Multilevel Inveter with variable DC sources
Authors: Venkataramanaiah J. , Yadav Gulshan , Balaji Jatoth , Suresh Y. 
Published: June 2024

SummaryIn general, cascaded H‐bridge multilevel inverters (CHB‐MLI) are typically operated with either symmetrical or asymmetrical input DC sources, set at predefined specific ratios such as binary (1:2) or trinary (1:3) in the case of asymmetry, to achieve the desired output voltage waveform. However, if any DC source fails to provide the predefined voltage magnitude, or CHB‐MLIs with unspecified DC source ratios are utilized, the output voltage waveform may exhibit unequal magnitudes between consecutive levels, thereby causing a significant increase in total harmonic distortion (THD). Conventionally, to mitigate this effect, the corresponding H‐bridge is bypassed through zero voltage switching, which leads to an additional burden on the remaining H‐bridges to serve the same load. To reduce the burden on the remaining cells and improve the THD profile of the inverter, this article proposes a novel method for CHB‐MLI with varying DC magnitudes. It aims to enhance the quality of the output voltage waveform by strategically selecting optimum voltage levels rather than utilizing all available levels when CHB‐MLI has unspecified or variable DC sources. This approach can achieve a more balanced distribution of voltage magnitudes across successive levels by eliminating redundant states. Moreover, the proposed technique can reduce switch losses and enhance the converter's efficiency. The proposed method is validated through MATLAB/Simulink software simulations, followed by experimental verification.
Battery lumped fractional‐order hysteresis thermoelectric coupling model for state of charge estimation adaptive to time‐varying core temperature conditions
Authors: Zeng Jiawei , Wang Shunli , Takyi‐Aninakwa Paul , Zhang Mengyun , Cao Wen , Fernandez Carlos , Guerrero Josep M. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAs electric vehicles become more common, there is increasing concern regarding their battery reliability and safety. The estimation accuracy is strongly correlated with the performance of the battery model. The lumped fractional‐order hysteresis thermoelectric coupling model (LFHTCM), considering temperature and hysteresis effects, is established in this paper. Firstly, the fractional‐order hysteresis sub‐model is established based on the Grunwald‐Letnikov (G‐L) fractional calculus principle and the recursive model of hysteresis voltage. Then, the thermal sub‐model is established by integrating the Bernardi heating mechanism and the heat transfer model. The fractional‐order sub‐model provides voltage to the thermal sub‐model for heat generation calculation. The thermal sub‐model provides temperature to the fractional‐order model for parameter correction. Finally, the fractional‐order unscented Kalman filtering (FOUKF) algorithm was developed to estimate the state of charge (SOC) of the battery. Experimental results confirmed the effectiveness of the model, with its estimation enhancing the utilization, operational optimization, and calibration of batteries in practical applications.
A broadband continuous class‐B/J power amplifier with novel output matching network
Authors: Cai Angang , Yao Ruohe , Liu Yurong , Geng Kuiwei , Zhu Yingbin 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis paper presents a broadband continuous class‐B/J power amplifier (PA) based on a novel output matching network (OMN). In order to realize a compact and broadband OMN design, a multiband harmonic control network (MHCN) with a simple structure consisting of a combination of open‐circuited stubs and a microstrip radial stub (MRS) is designed, which is capable of tuning the second harmonic impedance at the upper and lower sideband frequencies and at the center frequency well and consumes low power. Also, a fundamental matching network (FMN) is designed by means of the simplified real frequency technique (SRFT) algorithm of the computer‐aided program, which improves the efficiency of the circuit design. Both of them satisfy the requirements of a wideband PA and enhance the frequency‐selective performance of the OMN. For validation purposes, practical measurements of the designed and fabricated continuous class‐B/J PA with size of 61 × 51 mm2 have been carried out. The results show that at an operating frequency of 2.4–4.4 GHz, the 53%–73% drain efficiency (DE) at the output power of 38.4–42.4 dBm, and the maximum gain is 13.3 dB.
Fine‐needle aspiration cytology of retroperitoneal myoepithelial carcinoma: A rare encounter with diagnostic dilemmas
Authors: Kerkar Aadya , Savlania Ajay , Kundu Reetu , Mitra Suvradeep , Rohilla Manish , Singh Harmandeep , Bhujade Harish 
Published: June 2024

AbstractMyoepithelial carcinoma (MC) arises from the myoepithelial cells. It is a rare tumor with a predilection for salivary glands. MC in soft tissue is uncommon. Soft tissue MC exhibits dual epithelial and smooth muscle phenotype. The extremities and limb girdles are commonly affected. We present cytological findings of retroperitoneal MC with an accurate diagnosis being rendered with the aid of immunocytochemistry on the cell block and demonstration of EWSR1 rearrangements by fluorescence in situ hybridization on cytology smear. The smears were cellular, showing loose clusters and sheets of tumor cells embedded in dense eosinophilic to myxoid matrix material. The cells were oval to polygonal, with focal areas showing moderate nuclear pleomorphism, vesicular to coarse chromatin, and vacuolated cytoplasm with clearing. On immunocytochemistry, tumor cells were positive for epithelial membrane antigen, pan‐cytokeratin, calponin, smooth muscle actin, and S‐100. A literature review shows only a handful of cases of soft tissue MC. The current report emphasizes the need for cytomorphological awareness with the employment of ancillary testing for accurately diagnosing this rare tumor at an uncommon location. We also discuss the diagnostic challenges and troubleshooting.
A tale of recurrent secretory carcinoma of submandibular gland in an adolescent male: A rare presentation of a rare tumor
Authors: Kapatia Gargi , Kaur Manjit , Jain Dhwani , Rajasekaran Sangamitra , Rajan Nikhil , Soni Ankita , Sekar Aravind 
Published: June 2024

AbstractMammary analogue secretory carcinoma (MASC) is a rare salivary gland tumor which shares its histologic, immunohistochemical, and genetic features with the secretory carcinoma (SC) of breast. In this case report, we describe a case of MASC in a young adolescent male with swelling in the right angle of mandible which is a relatively rare site to present along with its correlation of cytological, histological, and immunohistochemical features. A 16‐year‐old male came with the complaint of swelling in the right angle of mandible since 2 years. Contrast‐enhanced computed tomography (CECT) neck revealed differential diagnosis of nerve sheath tumor, pleomorphic adenoma, and adenoid cystic neoplasm was kept, and subsequently fine‐needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) was done. FNAC was done in which differential diagnosis of myoepithelial neoplasm, acinic cell carcinoma, and SC was given. Surgical excision was done followed by histopathological examination. Immunohistochemistry panel was also applied, and final diagnosis of SC was rendered. SC has distinct cytological, histological, and immunohistochemical features which should be recognized by the pathologists for the appropriate management of the patient.
Colorectal endoscopic submucosal dissection in the USA: The current state and future perspectives
Authors: Qatomah Abdulrahman , Aihara Hiroyuki 
Published: June 2024

AbstractEndoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) is a transformative advancement in the endoscopic management of superficial gastrointestinal lesions. Initially conceived for the treatment of early gastric cancer, ESD has demonstrated proficiency in achieving en‐bloc resection of superficial gastrointestinal lesions. ESD has experienced widespread acceptance in Japan and East Asia; however, its adoption in the USA remains delayed. This initial hesitancy could be attributed to procedural complexity and training demands; nonetheless, recently, ESD has been gaining popularity in the USA. This is due to the advancements in endoscopic technology, tailored training programs, and cumulative evidence regarding the efficacy and safety of ESDs. This review aimed to deliberate the historical progress, current implementation, and prospective trajectory of ESDs in the USA. With ongoing clinical research, technological integration, and educational efforts, ESD is likely to become the gold standard for managing large gastrointesitinal lesions. This progress marks an imperative step toward less invasive, more precise, and patient‐centric approaches regarding advanced therapeutic endoscopy in the USA.
Artificial Intelligence in Infectious Skin Disease
Authors: Rokni Ghasem Rahmatpour , Gholizadeh Nasim , Babaei Mahsa , Das Kinnor 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundInfective and infectious dermatological diseases, which range from minor diseases like impetigo to serious diseases like deep fungal infections, pose significant public health issues. Given the growth of drug‐resistant microorganisms, it is critical to investigate novel techniques in dermatology. Artificial Intelligence (AI) has shown promising results in improving the diagnosis, treatment, and management of infectious skin disorders. This has the potential to significantly improve dermatological treatment by combining physician experience with data‐driven insights.ObjectiveThis review will look into the existing uses and future possibilities of AI technologies in infectious dermatology, including machine learning and deep learning. Its goal is to highlight major advances, identify gaps in understanding and technical advancement, and recommend viable future research directions.MethodsA comprehensive literature search of the scientific literature was performed using well‐known databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar, and Embase. A specific set of phrases relevant to AI and infectious dermatology was used to ensure a thorough search. Articles were picked based on their relevance, timeliness, and quality, with a particular emphasis on research demonstrating how AI is being utilized to prevent, detect, diagnose, or manage infectious skin disorders.ResultsAI has made significant contributions to the management of infection in dermatology. It has improved diagnostic accuracy, predictive modeling of drug resistance, and individualized care regimens. Deep learning is used to evaluate clinical images, predictive models are developed to forecast antibiotic resistance, and AI‐powered diagnostic tools for uncommon infections. The assessment also throws light on AI's role in pandemic preparedness and response.
Effect of guar gum and fortification by haritaki (Terminalia chebula) extract and its encapsulates on physicochemical, textural, and rheological properties of yogurt
Authors: Jha Avinash K. , Sit Nandan 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIn the present study functional yogurt was prepared by addition of guar gum (0.5% and 1.5%) and fortification by phytochemical extract of haritaki (Terminalia chebula) extracted using supercritical CO2 and freeze dried encapsulates of the extracts. The results indicated that the addition of guar gum led to a concentration‐dependent reduction in pH, with yogurt containing 1.5% guar gum exhibiting the highest acidity. During a 24‐day storage period at 4°C, all samples displayed a decrease in pH and an increase in acidity. Notably, all variations exhibited sporadic syneresis patterns, with higher syneresis observed on the 1st day, followed by a decline on the 12th day and a subsequent rise on the 24th day of storage. The color of haritaki encapsulated yogurt appeared greener and more yellowish compared to the control samples on the 1st day, with noticeable changes in L*, a*, and b* values during storage. Texture analysis revealed that encapsulation significantly affected textural characteristics, with reduced firmness but comparable adhesiveness in some cases. The firmness of plain yogurt ranged from 0.69 to 0.72 N, while its adhesiveness was between 6.14 × 10−2 and 8.51 × 10−2 N.s. The stiffness of the samples made with encapsulates (E1–E6) ranged from 0.38 to 0.70 N, while their adhesiveness was 5.74 × 10−2 to 8.78 × 10−2 N.s. The findings demonstrate that encapsulation significantly affected the textural characteristics. However, the samples' firmness (F1–F3) was less than the control, ranging from 0.36 to 0.54 N. Encapsulated haritaki extract outperformed nonencapsulated haritaki extract in terms of phenolic and antioxidant activities, making it a preferred option for yogurt fortification. Furthermore, yogurt enriched with up to 0.5% guar gum exhibited sensory qualities similar to or even better than the control sample.
Counselling with a focus on product and price transparency for over‐the‐counter headache medicines: A simulated patient study in community pharmacies in Munich, Germany
Authors: Langer Bernhard , Kunow Christian , Bolduan Josephine , Sackmann Lea , Schreiter Laura , Schüler Katja , Ulrich Marie 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundIn Germany, over‐the‐counter (OTC) medicines may only be dispensed by community pharmacies (CPs). German CPs must ensure ‘adequate’ counselling, including the cost of medicines. Along with information gathering and advice giving as classic aspects of counselling, the aim was also to investigate counselling indicators of product and price transparency.MethodsThe cross‐sectional study was based on the covert simulated patient (SP) methodology and was conducted in a random sample of CPs stratified by districts in the major German city of Munich. Each of the 178 selected CPs was visited once by one of five trained female students. They simulated a symptom‐based sub‐scenario 1 with a request for an OTC medicine for a headache and a sub‐scenario 2 with standardised information regarding product and price transparency. The assessment, completed immediately postvisit by the SPs, included a total of 23 items.ResultsAll 178 scheduled visits were completed successfully. The median counselling score with the classic items was 3.0 out of 12 points (interquartile range [IQR] 4.25) and when expanded by items for product and price transparency the score was 4.0 out of 14 points (IQR 4.00). A selection of medicines was offered unsolicited in 38.2% of the visits and in 5.6% of the visits voluntary price information was provided before the transaction. A request for a cheaper medicine led to a significant price reduction (Wilcoxon signed‐rank test; p < 0.001, r = 0.869).ConclusionDue to the below‐average level of counselling, the regional chambers of pharmacists are recommended to initiate measures for improvement. There is also potential for optimisation with regard to product and price transparency as an important extension of the classic counselling aspects. It is therefore recommended that the government raise customers' awareness of the cost of medicines.
Electrocardiographic findings in patients with sickle cell disease: A protocol for systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Sadeghi Alireza , Taherifard Ehsan , Movahed Hamed , Ahmadkhani Alireza , Dehdari Ebrahimi Niloofar , Taherifard Erfan 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundDespite advancements in the management of patients with sickle cell disease (SCD), the involvement of the cardiovascular system in these patients remains a significant concern. Cardiovascular manifestations of SCD are well‐documented, with electrocardiography (ECG) serving as a valuable diagnostic tool. Studies have reported a high rate of critical ECG findings in patients with SCD that warrants consideration when managing these patients, indicating the need for proactive cardiac screening and management strategies in this patient population. This study aims to systematically review the literature to identify sociodemographic, clinical, and paraclinical factors associated with ECG abnormalities in patients with SCD.MethodsA comprehensive search strategy will be employed across multiple online databases, including PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar, for published and gray literature. Eligible studies will include original articles reporting associations between sociodemographic, clinical, and paraclinical variables and a spectrum of ECG findings in patients with SCD. Independent reviewers will conduct the screening, quality assessment, and data extraction. Quantitative analyses will be performed under a random‐effect model using Comprehensive Meta‐Analysis software, with subgroup analyses based on SCD status, sickle hemoglobinopathy form, and age group.