bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intravenous Thrombolysis for Stroke Increases Over Time at Primary Stroke Centers
Authors: Prabhakaran Shyam , McNulty Maggie , O'Neill Kathleen , Ouyang Bichun 
Published: December 2011

Background and Purpose—
We evaluated the impact that duration as a primary stroke center (PSC) had on tissue-type plasminogen activator (tPA) utilization for acute ischemic stroke.

Methods—

A retrospective analysis of the Illinois Hospital Association CompData was performed identifying those patients with primary discharge diagnosis of acute ischemic stroke based on
International Classification of Diseases
version 9 codes. We assessed utilization of tPA by
International Classification of Diseases
version 9 procedure code (99.10). We categorized patients as cared for at non-PSC, PSC >1 year before, ≤1 year before, ≤1 year after, and >1 year after certification. We used generalized estimating equations to calculate adjusted odds ratios for tPA utilization by PSC category.

Results—

Among 119 539 acute ischemic stroke patients (mean age, 72 years; 55.2% women), tPA use was 1.9% but increased by PSC category (
P
<0.001): (1) non-PSC 0.9%; (2) >1 year before PSC certification 1.4%; (3) ≤1 year before certification 3.2%; (4) ≤1 year after certification 4.3%; and (5) >1 year after certification 6.5%. Adjusting for age, insurance status, admission source, year of study, region of Illinois, and hospital bed size, the odds of tPA utilization increased with advancing stage of PSC certification (highest category: adjusted odds ratio, 2.37; 95% confidence interval, 1.52–3.71).

Conclusions—
Although increasing over time, stroke thrombolysis is strongly impacted by the PSC certification process. Rather than waning or stagnating, tPA utilization increases at PSC from the earliest phases of preparation through certification and subsequent maintenance.
A 3DVAR-Based Dynamical Initialization Scheme for Tropical Cyclone Predictions*
Authors: Zhang Shengjun , Li Tim , Ge Xuyang , Peng Melinda , Pan Ning 
Published: December 2011

Abstract
A combined tropical cyclone dynamic initialization–three-dimensional variational data assimilation scheme (TCDI–3DVAR) is proposed. The specific procedure for the new initialization scheme is described as follows. First, a first-guess vortex field derived from a global analysis will be spun up in a full-physics mesoscale regional model in a quiescent environment. During the spinup period, the weak vortex is forced toward the observed central minimum sea level pressure (MSLP). The so-generated balanced TC vortex with realistic MSLP and a warm core is then merged into the environmental field and used in the subsequent 3DVAR data assimilation. The observation system simulation experiments (OSSEs) demonstrate that this new TC initialization scheme leads to much improved initial MSLP, warm core, and asymmetric temperature patterns compared to those from the conventional 3DVAR scheme. Forecasts of TC intensity with the new initialization scheme are made, and the results show that the new scheme is able to predict the “observed” TC intensity change, compared to runs with the conventional 3DVAR scheme or the TCDI-only scheme. Sensitivity experiments further show that the intensity forecasts with knowledge of the initial MSLP and wind fields appear more skillful than do the cases where the initial MSLP, temperature, and humidity fields are known. The numerical experiments above demonstrate the potential usefulness of the proposed new initialization scheme in operational applications. A preliminary test of this scheme with a navy operational model shows encouraging results.
Cochlear Implantation in Children with Anomalous Cochleovestibular Anatomy
Authors: Pakdaman Michael N. , Herrmann Barbara S. , Curtin Hugh D. , Van Beek‐King Jessica , Lee Daniel J. 
Published: December 2011

ObjectiveTo determine the influence of inner ear dysplasia on both surgical and audiologic outcomes following pediatric cochlear implant (CI) surgery.Data SourcesMEDLINE (1982‐2009) and data from Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary.Review MethodsA systematic review of the literature was performed. Variables assessed included age at implantation, duration of CI use, radiologic and operative findings, and speech perception outcome data.ResultsThe initial search yielded 1326 articles. Including data from our own study, twenty‐two fulfilled criteria for inclusion, representing 311 patients. Data for bilateral implants were recorded only for the first implant. Data on simultaneous bilateral implants were not recorded. The most common anomaly seen was large vestibular aqueduct (89/311 or 29%). When comparing patients with mild‐moderate or severe dysplasia, rates of cerebrospinal fluid gusher were 31% versus 35% (odds ratio [OR] = 0.50), anomalous facial nerve anatomy was seen in 11% versus 51% (OR = 0.15), and postoperative speech perception abilities were found in 84% versus 54% (OR = 1.93), respectively. A large heterogeneity was found among studies regarding all outcome measures.ConclusionAlthough we found that severe inner ear dysplasia was associated with increased surgical difficulty and lower speech perception, the lack of uniformity in published clinical data limited the strength of these results. Standardization of surgical and radiologic reporting as well as more consistent speech perception testing is needed to better determine the association between anomalous cochleovestibular anatomy and clinical outcomes.
Early Intervention
Authors: Mudd Pamela A. , Perkins Jonathan N. , Harwood Jeri E. F. , Valdez Sondra , Allen Gregory C. 
Published: December 2011

ObjectiveTo determine benefits of early intervention in neonates with symptomatic micrognathia who underwent bilateral mandibular distraction osteogenesis within the first 90 days of life as relates to growth, need for supportive care, and further invasive procedures.Study DesignCase series with chart review.SettingTertiary care, academic children’s hospital.Subjects and MethodsReview of neonates with symptomatic micrognathia who underwent bilateral mandibular distraction osteogenesis in the past 5 years. Inclusion criteria included mandibular distraction osteogenesis performed within the first 90 days of life. Outcome measures included hospital course, growth curves, supportive home care needs, and airway at cleft repair.ResultsTwenty‐four patients met inclusion criteria. The mean age at distraction was 30 days, and the average discharge was postoperative day 14. One patient required home oxygen, 50% were able to feed exclusively by oral diet, and no patients required tracheotomy. In addition, airway results were substantial, with 90% of patients showing objective improvement in airway grade from time of mandibular distraction to time of cleft repair.ConclusionWe present our initial outcomes on mandibular distraction osteogenesis in neonates with symptomatic micrognathia. Early intervention allows discharge to home with minimal supportive care needs by avoiding tracheostomy and facilitating transition to oral feeds. The airway improvement is significant and is sustained and allows for easier intubation at time of cleft repair.
Early mobilization out of bed after ischaemic stroke reduces severe complications but not cerebral blood flow: a randomized controlled pilot trial
Authors: Diserens Karin , Moreira Tiago , Hirt Lorenz , Faouzi Mohamed , Grujic Jelena , Bieler Gilles , Vuadens Philippe , Michel Patrik 
Published: December 2011

Objective: To evaluate whether early mobilization after acute ischaemic stroke is better than delayed mobilization with regard to medical complications and if it is safe in relation to neurological function and cerebral blood flow. Design: Randomized controlled pilot trial of early versus delayed mobilization out of bed with incidence of severe complications as the primary outcome. Setting: Acute stroke unit in the neurology department of a University Hospital. Participants: Fifty patients after ischaemic stroke with a National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score >6 were recruited. Intervention: All patients were treated with physiotherapy immediately after their admission. In the early protocol patients were mobilized out of bed after 52 hours, in the delayed protocol after seven days. Results: Eight out of 50 randomized patients were excluded from the per-protocol analysis because of early transfer to other hospitals. There were 2 (8%) severe complications in the 25 early mobilization patients and 8 (47%) in the 17 delayed mobilization patients ( P < 0.006). There were no differences in the total number of complications or in clinical outcome. In the 26 patients (62%) who underwent serial transcranial Doppler ultrasonography, no blood flow differences were found. Conclusion: We found an apparent reduction in severe complications and no increase in total complications with an early mobilization protocol after acute ischaemic stroke. No influence on neurological three-month outcomes or on cerebral blood flow was seen. These results justify larger trials comparing mobilization protocols with possibly even faster mobilization out of bed than explored here.
Open Lateral Retinacular Closure Surgery for Treatment of Anterolateral Knee Pain and Disability After Arthroscopic Lateral Retinacular Release
Authors: Heyworth Benton E. , Carroll Kaitlin M. , Dawson Courtney K. , Gill Thomas J. 
Published: December 2011

Background: Although lateral retinacular release (LR) surgery has historically been one of the most commonly used arthroscopic procedures for the treatment of patellar instability and anterior knee pain, it may be associated with complications and poor functional outcome measures. Purpose: To examine the clinical efficacy of open lateral retinacular closure (LRC), a novel but technically simple procedure in the treatment of disabling anterolateral knee pain, tenderness, and positive medial patellar apprehension testing in patients who have undergone prior arthroscopic LR surgery. Study Design: Case series; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: The records of 22 patients who had previously undergone an arthroscopic LR and underwent a diagnostic arthroscopy and LRC were reviewed. Physical examination findings and symptoms after prior LR surgery, duration between LR and LRC surgeries, and arthroscopic findings immediately before LRC were analyzed. Preoperative and postoperative Lysholm knee scores and activity levels were compared, and subjective satisfaction ratings assessed. Results: Average follow-up after LRC was 3.2 years. Mean preoperative Lysholm knee score was 46.5 (range, 25-90), which improved postoperatively to a mean score of 86 (range, 48-100). Fourteen percent of patients subjectively rated their preoperative function as fair and 86% as poor. Postoperatively, 82% rated themselves as good or excellent and 18% as fair, with all patients improving from the LRC procedure. All patients stated that they would have the procedure again for the same problem. Conclusion: Open LRC provides significant pain relief and improvement in functional knee outcome scores in patients with persistent pain and tenderness at the site of a previous lateral release and a positive medial patellar apprehension test. Lateral release procedures should be considered with caution. For patients with anterolateral knee pain and symptoms of medial patellar instability after lateral release, LRC may provide symptomatic relief and functional improvement.
Treatment of Full-Thickness Chondral Defects of the Knee With Autologous Chondrocyte Implantation
Authors: Beris Alexandros E. , Lykissas Marios G. , Kostas-Agnantis Ioannis , Manoudis Gregory N. 
Published: December 2011

Background: Autologous chondrocyte implantation (ACI) has been proven an effective method in treating large articular cartilage defects in short- or medium-term follow-up clinical studies. Hypothesis: First generation ACI of patients with large full-thickness chondral defects of the knee could yield reliable functional outcomes after a minimum follow-up of 5 years. Study Design: Case series; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: Between 1997 and 2005, 42 patients (45 knees) underwent first generation ACI for symptomatic chondral defects of the knee. All patients had moderate to large (mean, 5.33 cm2) full-thickness chondral defects. Patients were evaluated using the International Cartilage Repair Society (ICRS) score, the International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) Knee Examination Form, the Tegner activity score, the Lysholm score, the Stanmore functional rating score, and a visual analog scale (VAS) for pain. Results: The mean follow-up was 96 months (range, 62-144 months). At the final follow-up, a significant increase in all scores was recorded. Compared with preoperative findings, the median Lysholm score significantly improved, increasing from 56.0 to 89.0 ( P < .05). The IKDC and the Tegner activity score showed significant improvement postoperatively, increasing from 45 and 5.5 to 69 and 6.5, respectively ( P < .05). The mean ICRS improved from grade 3.8 preoperatively to grade 2.8 postoperatively ( P < .05). The Stanmore functional rating score and the VAS pain score were decreased from 3.06 and 7.33 to 0.94 and 2, respectively ( P < .05). Reoperation was required in 5 patients. In 2 of them graft failure was recorded due to degeneration or partial detachment, respectively. Conclusion: The long-term outcomes of our series support the effectiveness of first generation ACI in both pain relief and functional rehabilitation of patients with large full-thickness osteochondral defects of the knee.
Pigmented Villonodular Synovitis of the Ankle
Authors: Schweitzer Karl M. , Parekh Selene G. 
Published: December 2011

Because of its high recurrence rate, complete excision with total synovectomy is crucial for diffuse pigmented villonodular synovitis (DPVNS). Regardless of location, surgical approach requires meticulous soft tissue management and full joint exposure to assure complete tumor excision. In the ankle, PVNS can be present in the medial and lateral gutters, as well as extend along the syndesmotic ligament, flexor and peroneal tendon sheaths, and adjacent joints (ie, subtalar and midtarsal joints). The authors describe an open, anterior–posterior technique for excision of DPVNS lesions from the ankle joint with erosive lesions of the tibia and talus, as well as from the flexor hallucis longus and peroneal tendon sheaths. Whereas previously described dual-incision techniques have focused on posteromedial and posterolateral approaches to the ankle, the authors’ posterior exposure, in particular, uses a midline skin incision and a longitudinal split of the Achilles tendon. This provides an excellent exposure and minimizes potential wound healing complications. Levels of Evidence: Therapeutic, Level IV
Arthrodesis of the First Metatarsal–Phalangeal Joint With Flexible, Ridged Titanium Intramedullary Nails Alone or Supplemented With Static Staples and Immediate Weight Bearing
Authors: Roukis Thomas S. , Meusnier Tristan , Augoyard Marc 
Published: December 2011

Myriad forms of fixation have been proposed for arthrodesis of the first metatarsal–phalangeal joint (MTPJ). However, nonunion of the arthrodesis site remains a common complication. The authors performed a retrospective review of all patients undergoing arthrodesis of the first MTPJ with flexible titanium intramedullary nails alone or supplemented with static staples followed by immediate protected weight bearing. Subjects were included if they had surgery performed only by one of us; not undergone bilateral surgery in the same setting; surgery for pathology of the first MTPJ other than rheumatoid arthritis; weight-bearing preoperative radiographs; postoperative weight-bearing radiographs demonstrating presence or absence of union at the arthrodesis site; initiated weight bearing on the operative foot immediately postoperative in a protective shoe; and documentation of any complications. A total of 128 patients (148 feet) met inclusion criteria and were included. There were 110 (85.9%) females and 18 (14.1%) males with a mean age ± SD of 64 ± 14.1 years. Indications included (a) 93 (62.8%) severe hallux valgus deformity, (b) 37 (25%) hallux rigidus, and (c) 18 (12.2%) failed first MTPJ surgeries. Ten different configurations where included based on the requirements needed to achieve a solid construct intraoperatively. There were a total of 9 (6.1%) complications consisting of 4 (2.7%) asymptomatic nonunions, 4 (2.7%) hardware removals, and 1 (0.7%) loss of reduction requiring revision surgery. The incidence of nonunion with flexible titanium intramedullary nails alone or supplemented with static staples followed by immediate protected weight bearing for predominantly severe hallux valgus and hallux rigidus is lower than the historic mean for most other fixation techniques. However, there is still a need for methodologically sound prospective cohort studies that focus on the use of isolated arthrodesis of the first MTPJ for purely severe hallux valgus or hallux rigidus, and comparison of the technique presented here with other modern osteosynthesis techniques. Levels of Evidence: Therapeutic, Level IV
Human FcγRIIA induces anaphylactic and allergic reactions
Authors: Jönsson Friederike , Mancardi David A. , Zhao Wei , Kita Yoshihiro , Iannascoli Bruno , Khun Huot , van Rooijen Nico , Shimizu Takao , Schwartz Lawrence B. , Daëron Marc , Bruhns Pierre 
Published: December 2011

AbstractIgE and IgE receptors (FcϵRI) are well-known inducers of allergy. We recently found in mice that active systemic anaphylaxis depends on IgG and IgG receptors (FcγRIIIA and FcγRIV) expressed by neutrophils, rather than on IgE and FcϵRI expressed by mast cells and basophils. In humans, neutrophils, mast cells, basophils, and eosinophils do not express FcγRIIIA or FcγRIV, but FcγRIIA. We therefore investigated the possible role of FcγRIIA in allergy by generating novel FcγRIIA-transgenic mice, in which various models of allergic reactions induced by IgG could be studied. In mice, FcγRIIA was sufficient to trigger active and passive anaphylaxis, and airway inflammation in vivo. Blocking FcγRIIA in vivo abolished these reactions. We identified mast cells to be responsible for FcγRIIA-dependent passive cutaneous anaphylaxis, and monocytes/macrophages and neutrophils to be responsible for FcγRIIA-dependent passive systemic anaphylaxis. Supporting these findings, human mast cells, monocytes and neutrophils produced anaphylactogenic mediators after FcγRIIA engagement. IgG and FcγRIIA may therefore contribute to allergic and anaphylactic reactions in humans.
AUF-1 and YB-1 are critical determinants of β-globin mRNA expression in erythroid cells
Authors: van Zalen Sebastiaan , Jeschke Grace R. , Hexner Elizabeth O. , Russell J. Eric 
Published: December 2011

AbstractThe normal accumulation of β-globin protein in terminally differentiating erythroid cells is critically dependent on the high stability of its encoding mRNA. The molecular basis for this property, though, is incompletely understood. Factors that regulate β-globin mRNA within the nucleus of early erythroid progenitors are unlikely to account for the constitutively high half-life of β-globin mRNA in the cytoplasm of their anucleate erythroid progeny. We conducted in vitro protein-RNA binding analyses that identified a cytoplasm-restricted β-globin messenger ribonucleoprotein (mRNP) complex in both cultured K562 cells and erythroid-differentiated human CD34+ cells. This novel mRNP targets a specific guanine-rich pentanucleotide in a region of the β-globin 3′untranslated region that has recently been implicated as a determinant of β-globin mRNA stability. Subsequent affinity-enrichment analyses identified AUF-1 and YB-1, 2 cytoplasmic proteins with well-established roles in RNA biology, as trans-acting components of the mRNP. Factor-depletion studies conducted in vivo demonstrated the importance of the mRNP to normal steady-state levels of β-globin mRNA in erythroid precursors. These data define a previously unrecognized mechanism for the posttranscriptional regulation of β-globin mRNA during normal erythropoiesis, providing new therapeutic targets for disorders of β-globin gene expression.
ReCount: A multi-experiment resource of analysis-ready RNA-seq gene count datasets
Authors: Frazee Alyssa C , Langmead Ben , Leek Jeffrey T 
Published: December 2011

Abstract

1 Background
RNA sequencing is a flexible and powerful new approach for measuring gene, exon, or isoform expression. To maximize the utility of RNA sequencing data, new statistical methods are needed for clustering, differential expression, and other analyses. A major barrier to the development of new statistical methods is the lack of RNA sequencing datasets that can be easily obtained and analyzed in common statistical software packages such as R. To speed up the development process, we have created a resource of analysis-ready RNA-sequencing datasets.

2 Description
ReCount is an online resource of RNA-seq gene count tables and auxilliary data. Tables were built from raw RNA sequencing data from 18 different published studies comprising 475 samples and over 8 billion reads. Using the Myrna package, reads were aligned, overlapped with gene models and tabulated into gene-by-sample count tables that are ready for statistical analysis. Count tables and phenotype data were combined into Bioconductor ExpressionSet objects for ease of analysis. ReCount also contains the Myrna manifest files and R source code used to process the samples, allowing statistical and computational scientists to consider alternative parameter values.

3 Conclusions
By combining datasets from many studies and providing data that has already been processed from. fastq format into ready-to-use. RData and. txt files, ReCount facilitates analysis and methods development for RNA-seq count data. We anticipate that ReCount will also be useful for investigators who wish to consider cross-study comparisons and alternative normalization strategies for RNA-seq.
Analysis of the role of Ser1/Ser2/Thr9 phosphorylation on myosin II assembly and function in live cells
Authors: Beach Jordan R , Licate Lucila S , Crish James F , Egelhoff Thomas T 
Published: December 2011

Abstract

Background
Phosphorylation of non-muscle myosin II regulatory light chain (RLC) at Thr18/Ser19 is well established as a key regulatory event that controls myosin II assembly and activation, both in vitro and in living cells. RLC can also be phosphorylated at Ser1/Ser2/Thr9 by protein kinase C (PKC). Biophysical studies show that phosphorylation at these sites leads to an increase in the Km of myosin light chain kinase (MLCK) for RLC, thereby indirectly inhibiting myosin II activity. Despite unequivocal evidence that PKC phosphorylation at Ser1/Ser2/Thr9 can regulate myosin II function in vitro, there is little evidence that this mechanism regulates myosin II function in live cells.

Results
The purpose of these studies was to investigate the role of Ser1/Ser2/Thr9 phosphorylation in live cells. To do this we utilized phospho-specific antibodies and created GFP-tagged RLC reporters with phosphomimetic aspartic acid substitutions or unphosphorylatable alanine substitutions at the putative inhibitory sites or the previously characterized activation sites. Cell lines stably expressing the RLC-GFP constructs were assayed for myosin recruitment during cell division, the ability to complete cell division, and myosin assembly levels under resting or spreading conditions. Our data shows that manipulation of the activation sites (Thr18/Ser19) significantly alters myosin II function in a number of these assays while manipulation of the putative inhibitory sites (Ser1/Ser2/Thr9) does not.

Conclusions
These studies suggest that inhibitory phosphorylation of RLC is not a substantial regulatory mechanism, although we cannot rule out its role in other cellular processes or perhaps other types of cells or tissues in vivo.