bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
“Old Indian Ways” of Predicting the Weather: Senator Robert S. Kerr and the Winter Predictions of 1950–51 and 1951–52
Authors: Peppler Randy A. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractIn September 1950, U.S. Senator Robert S. Kerr (D-Oklahoma) wrote to Indian leaders across the United States in order to “make some determination with regard to whether or not we are going to have an early winter and whether or not we may expect a hard winter.” Even though he had access to U.S. Weather Bureau predictions and other scientific data, Kerr and his administrative assistant, Ben Dwight, a member of the Choctaw Nation and its onetime Principal Chief, wrote that they “would like to know what some of the Indians in the various sections of the nation think about our coming winter probabilities.” Kerr and Dwight indicated they had a “high regard for the old Indian ways of determining such things—because they are practical and have always been able to make some very accurate predictions.” From 33 letters sent to tribes in 1950 (including 9 to tribes in Oklahoma) 3 responses were known to have been received; a follow-up letter-writing campaign in October 1951 was more fruitful, producing 8 known responses. This paper examines the tribal responses and explores the life and possible motivations of Senator Kerr, an influential man on the U.S. political stage during 1949–63, in seeking this information. This research is part of a broader field investigation that seeks to understand how Native Americans in Oklahoma conceptualize weather and climate, including traditional ways, and how their knowledge is helping to inform new efforts to farm sustainably and create food sovereignty.
Reaction of Thiochamphor with Disulfur Dichloride: Novel Formation of α-Disulfine
Authors: Okuma Kentaro , Tsubota Toshiaki , Tabuchi Miki , Kanto Masayuki , Nagahora Noriyoshi , Shioji Kosei , Yokomori Yoshinobu 
Published: June 2010

Abstract
Reaction of thiocamphor with disulfur dichloride afforded six- and seven-membered tricyclic polysulfanes, which were oxidized by m-CPBA to afford bicyclic (E,E)-α-disulfine stereoselectively. Reaction of α-disulfine with the Lawesson reagent afforded tetrasulfane in 70% yield.
A New Pyridyloxadiazole Incorporated Acridone Offering Selective Optical Detection of Fluoride
Authors: Mashraqui Sabir H , Tripathi Sapna , Betkar Rupesh , Chandiramani Mukesh 
Published: June 2010

Abstract
An acridone-based receptor, Acridox-P, offers sensitive and selective detection of F− by means of color change from yellow to orange and emission switch-on response. Other anions, AcO−, Cl−, Br−, I−, NO3−, SCN−, and HSO4− revealed none or at best weak optical perturbation even at 10-fold higher concentration. The N–H deprotonation is supported by 1H NMR and the detection limit is 1.93 × 10−7 mol L−1.
Chemical Synthesis of Silver Nanowires Using N,N-Dimethyldodecylamine Oxide
Authors: Matsune Hideki , Kuramitsu Yudai , Takenaka Sakae , Kishida Masahiro 
Published: June 2010

Abstract
This paper describes a new approach for the synthesis of uniform silver nanowires (AgNWs) using zwitterionic amphiphile, N,N-dimethyldodecylamine oxide (DDAO). Heating of AgCl and DDAO in the presence of silver nanoparticles at 135 °C for 3 h produces longer AgNWs. The DDAO serves as a source of both a reducing and capping agent in the process.
[2 + 2 + 1] Cycloaddition between Alkynes, Acrylates, and Titanocene(II): Regioselective Formation of 5-Alkoxycarbonyltitanacyclopent-2-enes and Their Addition to Carbonyls
Authors: Oishi Shigeki , Ohomika Kaoru , Tsubouchi Akira , Takeda Takeshi 
Published: June 2010

Abstract
5-Alkoxycarbonyltitanacyclopent-2-enes were produced regioselectively by the [2 + 2 + 1] cycloaddition between alkynes, acrylates, and titanocene(II) reagent Cp2Ti[P(OEt)3]2. Although the titanacycles were inactive toward carbonyl compounds, their addition proceeded in the presence of titanocene(II).
Synthesis of MTW-type Zeolites in the Absence of Organic Structure-directing Agent
Authors: Iyoki Kenta , Kamimura Yoshihiro , Itabashi Keiji , Shimojima Atsushi , Okubo Tatsuya 
Published: June 2010

Abstract
The synthesis of MTW-type aluminosilicate zeolites in the absence of organic structure-directing agents (OSDAs) was successfully attained by the addition of calcined ZSM-12 seeds to (Li, Na)-aluminosilicate gels. In this system, Li cation plays a crucial role in the growth of the MTW crystals.
Design of a SNARF-based Ratiometric Fluorescent Probe for Esterase
Authors: Nakata Eiji , Yukimachi Yoshihiro , Nazumi Yoshijiro , Uto Yoshihiro , Hashimoto Toshihiro , Okamoto Yasuko , Hori Hitoshi 
Published: June 2010

Abstract
A novel ratiometric fluorescent probe for esterase has been developed based on the SNARF scaffold. The new SNARF derivative was used to monitor the activity of porcine liver esterase by ratiometric emission spectrum change.
Amniotic fluid α-fetoprotein microheterogeneity in the prenatal diagnosis of congenital disorders of glycosylation type Ia
Authors: Marklová Eliška , Albahri Ziad 
Published: June 2010

Abstract

Background: Congenital disorders of glycosylation are a group of clinically and biochemically diverse defects. The current screening method (based on analysis of transferrin), which is used postnatally for the most frequent types, is however not suitable for prenatal diagnosis. The aim of the study was to investigate whether alterations in the microheterogeneity of α-fetoprotein would provide more reliable results.

Methods: During the 14th–19th weeks of gestation, 140 amniotic fluid samples were obtained by amniocentesis and tested for fetal developmental abnormalities. α-Fetoprotein was analyzed using isoelectric focusing on Immobiline DryPlate pH 4–7, rehydrated in urea (8 mol/L), and molecular forms of the glycoprotein were detected by immunofixation and silver staining.

Results: A difference in the relative proportion of individual α-fetoprotein bands (particularly increase of band II density) was found in a case where a congenital disorder of glycosylation was diagnosed postnatally, and in two other samples from pregnancies which resulted in termination, without further examination.

Conclusions: Our potential for further testing is limited; thus far, no other congenital disorders of glycosylation-positive samples have been available. Verification of our results in another laboratory with the exclusion of several potentially pertinent variables is advisable.
Clin Chem Lab Med 2010;48:1281–5.
Islam, Democracy and the State in Algeria, Lessons for the Western Mediterranean and Beyond, Michael Bonner et al (eds) and The Political Thought of Ayatullah Murtaza Mutahhari: An Iranian Theoretician of the Islamic State. Mahmood T. Davari
Authors: Jawad Haifaa 
Published: June 2010

Islam, Democracy and the State in Algeria, Lessons for the Western Mediterranean and Beyond, edited by Michael Bonner, Megan Reif and Mark Tessler, Routledge, 2005. Hb. pp., 232. ISBN-13: 9780415348294.

The Political Thought of Ayatullah Murtaza Mutahhari: An Iranian Theoretician of the Islamic State, by Mahmood T. Davari. Routledge. 2005, Hb. 216 pp., $180.00, ISBN-13: 9780415341592; Pb. 2009, Pb. $35.96,
201 pp., ISBN-13: 9780415573504.
In Honor of W.E. Moerner: Confining Molecules for Single‐Molecule Spectroscopy
Authors: Cohen Adam E. , Fields Alexander P. , Hou Jennifer H. , Leslie Sabrina R. , Shon Min Ju 
Published: June 2010

AbstractSingle‐molecule spectroscopy provides a wealth of information on the dynamics and interactions of complex biological molecules. Yet these measurements are extremely challenging, partly because Brownian motion prevents molecules in free solution from remaining stationary. Here we describe several techniques that our lab has developed for confining single molecules for optical spectroscopy. These alternatives to surface immobilization provide confinement that is gentle enough to minimize perturbations to the molecule, but strong enough to allow long‐time imaging of single fluorescent molecules, often in the presence of a high fluorescent background.
Studies of Single Molecules in their Natural Form
Authors: Lindner Moshe , Nir Guy , Dietrich Heidelinde R.C. , Young Ian T. , Tauber Elad , Bronshtein I. , Altman Liat , Garini Yuval 
Published: June 2010

AbstractSingle molecule studies make possible the characterization of molecular processes and the identification of biophysical sub‐populations that are not accessible through ensemble studies. We describe tethered particle motion, a method that allows one to study single molecules in their natural form without having to apply any external forces. The method combines darkfield microscopy with a metal nano‐bead. It permits the study of the biophysical properties of the tethered particles, as well as protein–DNA interactions. The method is not suitable for in vivo studies, and we therefore describe two other methods that are appropriate for live‐cell imaging
Three‐dimensional Flow Mapping in Microfluidic Channels with Widefield Cross‐correlation Microscopy
Authors: Nicovich Philip R. , Dickson Robert M. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractWidefield cross‐correlation microscopy enables large area measurements of flow vectors in microfluidic devices. Extending fluorescence cross‐correlation spectroscopy, all points within each image give flow maps from image stacks acquired on a spinning‐disk confocal microscope. The greater noise tolerance and efficient data collection for large volumes of interest enable even motion of single antibodies to be measured. A three‐dimensional flow map for a typical microfluidic channel is evaluated, yielding full flow vector information. The method presented is general towards the input data, so applications concerning not only flow in microstructures, but biological transport and other microscopic motion phenomena are possible.
Electronic Excitation Energy Transfer in Multichromophoric Assemblies: A Single Molecule Insight
Authors: Basché Thomas 
Published: June 2010

AbstractIn recent years, single molecule spectroscopy has provided novel insights into the fundamentals of electronic excitation energy transfer in molecular aggregates. In order of increasing structural complexity, we have studied simple molecular dimers and multichromophoric dendrimers. It will be shown that the combination of frequency‐selective single molecule spectroscopy and confocal fluorescence microscopy at 1.4 K is a unique tool to study energy transfer processes in these systems. In particular, from the line widths of single molecule excitation spectra, rate constants of energy transfer can be deduced directly. A detailed analysis shows that, for several cases, the mechanism of energy transfer cannot be described by the simple Förster model (dipole–dipole coupling). Furthermore, novel experiments with dual color pulsed excitation are discussed which allow for controlling the excitation energy flow in individual molecular dimers.
The Orientation Factor in Single‐Molecule Förster‐Type Resonance Energy Transfer, with Examples for Conformational Transitions in Proteins
Authors: Yang Haw 
Published: June 2010

AbstractIncertitude in the orientation factor, κ2, in Förster‐type resonance energy transfer (FRET) has thus far hindered the evaluation of donor–acceptor distances in single‐molecule measurements. In part, the confusion arises from directly applying ideas developed for ensemble‐averaged experiments. By carefully considering the fundamental difference between single‐molecule and bulk measurements, it is shown that, regardless of the excited‐state lifetime of the chromophores, the idealized value of 2/3 is a very good approximation (within 10% relative error) for a broad range of parameter space for single‐molecule FRET applications. Implications for interpreting and designing single‐molecule FRET experiments are also discussed.
Stochasticity in Gene Expression as Observed by Single‐molecule Experiments in Live Cells
Authors: Friedman Nir , Cai Long , Xie X. Sunney 
Published: June 2010

AbstractThe process of gene expression has two seemingly opposite characteristics: it is highly regulated on one hand, but on the other hand it is inherently random, due to the low copy number of molecules involved. Recent advances in detection techniques allow for direct observations of stochastic molecular events in live cells, with single molecule sensitivity. Here we describe the main methods used for dynamic single molecule detection of mRNA and protein production in live cells. Random bursts of protein production were observed, as well as of mRNA production in some cases. In all experiments to date, bursts occur at random times and the number of molecules per burst is exponentially distributed. We discuss these results using a theoretical model which relates the dynamic process of protein production in bursts to the distribution of protein levels in a population of cells. We propose the gamma distribution as a useful tool for analysis of protein level distributions, both in and out of steady‐state. This model can provide quantitative information on the dynamic parameters describing protein production based on measured distributions of protein levels in populations of cells, which are much easier to obtain than dynamic data.
Toward Resolution of Singularities over a Field of Positive Characteristic (The Idealistic Filtration Program)<br>Part II. Basic invariants associated to the idealistic ﬁltration and their properties
Authors: Kawanoue Hiraku , Matsuki Kenji 
Published: June 2010

This is the second of a series of four papers entitled “Toward resolution of singularities over a ﬁeld of positive characteristic (the Idealistic Filtration Program)”. The goal is to present the IFP, and to ultimately construct an explicit algorithm guided by the program.
In the classical setting in characteristic zero, resolution of singularities was carried out by induction on dimension. We take a so-called “hypersurface of maximal contact” to reduce the dimension by one. In the algorithm, we construct the strand of invariants “invclassic” of the following form:

invclassic = (
w
,
s
)(
w
,
s
)(
w
,
s
) · · · ,

where the unit (
w
,
s
) consists of the weak order
w
and the number
s
of the “old” components in the boundary. Going from one unit to the next, the dimension of the object which we use to extract the information to compute the invariants drops by one, manifesting the induction on dimension. We run the algorithm with the center of blowup determined as the maximal locus of “invclassic”.

In our new setting in positive characteristic, we no longer have a hypersurface of maximal contact. However, we try to carry out the induction on “invariant
σ
”, which indicates the behavior of “a Leading Generator System”. The notion of an LGS plays the role of a collective substitute for a hypersurface of maximal contact in the IFP. Accordingly, in our new algorithm, we construct the strand of invariants “inv” of the following form:

inv = (
σ
,
µ
,
s
)(
σ
,
µ
,
s
)(
σ
,
µ
,
s
) · · · ,

where the unit (
σ
,
µ
,
s
) consists of the above mentioned
σ
, followed by
µ
and
s
, which correspond to
w
and
s
in the classical setting, respectively. Going from one unit to the next, the invariant σ of the LGS of the object, namely an idealistic ﬁltration, strictly drops, manifesting the induction on the invariant
σ
. We run the new algorithm with the center of blowup determined as the maximal locus of “inv”.

The main purpose of this paper, Part II of the series, is to study the basic properties of the invariants that appear in the strand of invariants “inv”, establishing the upper semicontinuity of the pair (
σ
,
µ
) among others.
Gradual implementation of first trimester screening in a population with a prior screening strategy: population based cohort study
Authors: CALDA PAVEL , ŠÍPEK ANTONÍN , GREGOR VLADIMÍR 
Published: June 2010

AbstractObjective. To evaluate the implementation of first trimester screening in the Czech Republic during 1996–2007 on the number of infants born with numerical chromosomal anomalies, the gestational age at diagnosis and the number of invasive procedures. Design. A population based cohort study. Setting. National Registry of Congenital Anomalies, 53 Czech Republic Genetic Departments. Population. About 100,000 pregnancies per year. Main outcome measures. Primary outcomes were the rates of fetuses and newborns with diagnosed numerical chromosomal anomalies and the gestational age at diagnosis. Secondary outcomes were the rates of chorion villus sampling (CVS) and amniocenteses and the contribution of age groups on the detection rate of trisomy 21. Results. The number of newborns with Down's syndrome decreased from 5.42/10,000 in 1996 to 3.66/10,000 newborns in the 2007. The total incidence of Down's syndrome increased from 13.42 to 20.66/10,000. The detection rate in women <35 years increased from 35.59 in 1996 to 45.08 in 2007; in women >35 years from 23.73 to 38.52. The number of amniocenteses/detected case of Down's syndrome was 124 in 1996 and 123 in 2007. The corresponding number of CVS decreased dramatically from 83 in 1996 to 10 in 2007. Conclusions. Despite the increase of maternal age and the corresponding increase of Down's syndrome, the number of newborns with Down's syndrome decreased. Implementation of the first trimester combined screening leads to a shift towards earlier diagnosis of all major chromosomal abnormalities.
Polymorphisms of the angiotensin converting enzyme gene in relation to intrauterine growth restriction
Authors: Uma Ramalingam , Forsyth J. Stewart , Struthers Allan D. , Fraser Callum G. , Godfrey Valerie , Murphy Deirdre J. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractThe aim of this case–control study was to explore the relation between maternal and infant angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) activity and its genotypes in uncomplicated term pregnancies (≥37 weeks) and pregnancies with growth‐restricted infants (birthweight at or below the 5th centile). Venous cord bloods and maternal venous samples were obtained for serum ACE activity and ACE genotype. Growth‐restricted infants (≤5th centile) were more likely to be of the DD genotype compared to appropriately grown infants (42 vs. 13%, p = 0.003). There was no significant difference in the frequency of the maternal DD genotype between the two groups (33 vs. 22%, p = 0.43) and similarly no significant differences in the maternal or fetal ACE activities. Within the intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) group, infants of the DD genotype had higher ACE activity compared to appropriately grown infants (p = 0.03). In conclusion, the DD genotype of the ACE gene appears to be associated with fetal growth and may be a factor in the increased risk of adult onset chronic diseases among growth‐restricted infants.
Heart Rate and Systolic Blood Pressure in Patients with Persistent Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Belletti S. , Terranova P. , Lombardi F. , Mainardi L. T. , Corino V. D. A. 
Published: June 2010

Summary
Background: During atrial fibrillation (AF), ventricular response is highly irregular and thus the beat-to-beat variation of blood pressure is increased because of variations in filling time and in contractility.
Objectives: Aim of the present study is to investigate the short-term dynamics of RR and SAP series in patients with AF, during rest and tilt, and after restoration of sinus rhythm. Methods: We computed symbolic sequences of the three phases, as they retain important features of the dynamics generated by the underlying control system. Then we applied a method based on rank order statistics of symbolic sequences to investigate the profile of different types of dynamics. The linguistic distance (range 0–1) between sequences represents a measure of similarity to assess whether the different physiological states are reflected on the dynamics of RR and SAP series.
Results: The distance between rest and tilt phases is 0.06 ± 0.02 for RR series, meaning they are very similar, while it is 0.21 ± 0.13 for SAP series, showing a difference in the short-term dynamics. RR mean decreases during tilt (738 ± 164 vs. 692 ± 152 ms, p < 0.05, rest vs. tilt), while mean SAP is not significantly different (101 ± 20 vs. 104 ± 14 mmHg, rest vs. tilt). Comparing AF and sinus rhythm, both RR and SAP series result different in terms of the computed distance.
Conclusions: SAP short-term dynamics seem to significantly change when comparing rest and tilt phases, while RR series remain unchanged. Moreover, RR mean but not SAP series significantly decreases during tilt.
Time Varying Neonatal Seizure Localization
Authors: Cherian P. J. , Vos M. , Swarte R. M. , Blok J. H. , Visser G. H. , Govaert P. , Huffel S. , Deburchgraeve W. 
Published: June 2010

Summary
Background: A common cause for damage to the neonatal brain is a shortage in the oxygen supply to the brain or asphyxia. Neonatal seizures are the most frequent manifestation of neonatal neurologic disorders. Multichannel EEG recordings allow topographic localization of seizure foci.
Objectives: We want to objectively determine the spatial distribution of the seizure on the scalp, the location in time and order the dominant sources in the brain based on their strength.
Methods: In this paper we combine a method based on higher order CP-decomposition with subsequent singular value decomposition (SVD).
Results: We illustrate the abilities of the method on simulated as well as on real neonatal seizure EEG.
Conclusions: The proposed method provides reliable time and spatial information about the seizure, gives a clear overview of what is going on in the EEG and allows easy interpretation.
Les troubles du sommeil du bébé et du jeune enfant : revue de la littérature et analyse psychodynamique
Authors: Breil Fleur , Rosenblum Ouriel , Le Nestour Annick 
Published: June 2010

Résumé Les troubles du sommeil de l’enfant constituent un des principaux motifs de consultation de pédiatrie et pédopsychiatrie. Par leur fréquence et leur retentissement sur la vie familiale, ils se trouvent au centre de la clinique fonctionnelle de la petite enfance. Les caractéristiques du sommeil évoluent très rapidement lors des premiers mois de la vie. La connaissance de cette ontogenèse du sommeil est indispensable pour identifier les perturbations « authentiques » du sommeil, et les différencier des caractéristiques normales d’un sommeil en pleine maturation. Le sommeil du bébé ne se résume pas à un développement neurophysiologique. Il est en étroite relation avec les soins maternels qui l’imprègnent de sa charge affective. La pathologie du sommeil s’organise dans la sphère des interactions précoces entre le bébé, la mère et le père. Après une analyse sémiologique précise du symptôme, l’évaluation psychopathologique nécessite une exploration fine des interactions entre le bébé et les parents. Depuis plusieurs années, certains auteurs rapportent des perturbations du sommeil d’une sévérité accrue et survenant chez des enfants de plus en plus jeunes. Les hypothèses étiopathogéniques de ce trouble sont multiples. Les perturbations d’ordre relationnel et conflictuel, qu’il reflète, sont d’une extrême diversité, des plus communes aux plus sévères. Le pronostic de ces troubles est dominé par le passage à la chronicité (persistance ou récurrence). Le retentissement à long terme d’un sommeil précoce insuffisant sur les domaines cognitif, comportemental et émotionnel, est de plus en plus exploré. La prise en charge des troubles du sommeil du bébé et du jeune enfant est diversifiée. Selon les cas et selon les auteurs, il peut s’agir d’une psychothérapie psychodynamique mère-bébé ou parent-bébé, d’une psychothérapie comportementale avec guidance interactive, d’une thérapie familiale, associées, dans des cas plus exceptionnels, à un traitement pharmacologique.