bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
TRIB crack dataset: automatic recognition system for road cracks detection
Authors: Abrudan Dumitru 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Road traffic infrastructure in a city is as essential as veins in the human body. In Romania, road infrastructure is classified based on traffic intensity into four types of streets: magistral (used for crossing the city), connection, collection, and local use. This study utilizes the TRIB crack dataset (Traffic Road Infrastructure from Bucharest crack dataset), which consists of high-quality images of various types of road cracks. The dataset can be effectively used for different computer vision tasks, such as classification, object detection, and more. To meet the diverse requirements of deep learning methods, the dataset includes images capturing different types of road cracks, such as longitudinal, transverse, block, and alligator cracks, as well as various artifacts like oil stains, road markings on asphalt, leaves, and more. The images were taken from a height of 100 centimeters above the road surface, resulting in a dataset of 137 RGB (red, green, blue) images. To make the images suitable for deep learning methods, they were divided into smaller images with a resolution of 256 × 256 pixels. Additionally, various image augmentation techniques were applied. During the splitting process, some images contained no cracks, while others included cracks. This resulted in the creation of two distinct subsets: one containing image with road cracks and another with images without cracks.
The First Steklov Eigenvalue on Manifolds with Non-negative Ricci Curvature and Convex Boundary
Authors: Duncan Jonah A. J. , Kumar Aditya 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
We establish a new lower bound for the first non-zero Steklov eigenvalue of a compact Riemannian manifold with non-negative Ricci curvature and (strictly) convex boundary. Related results are also obtained under weaker geometric hypotheses.
Beach Wrack on Baltic and Mediterranean Sea Beaches: Litter Pollution and Management Perspectives
Authors: von Thenen Miriam , von Loh Mona , Robbe Esther , Abdallah Lilia Ben , Escobar-Sánchez Gabriela , Haseler Mirco , M’hiri Fadhel , Schernewski Gerald 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Beach wrack can accumulate in large quantities on beaches and is often regarded as a nuisance by beach managers, which is removed for the sake of tourists. The litter entangled in beach wrack can prevent further use of this natural resource. However, not much is known about the litter quantities in beach wrack nor their input paths. We applied an easy-to-use method for beach wrack monitoring in two case studies, in the southern Mediterranean Sea and the eastern German Baltic Sea. Our objective was to investigate whether litter found in beach wrack provides an indication for the input path “sea to beach” and whether there is a correlation between beach wrack and litter quantities, allowing an extrapolation of litter quantities to longer stretches of coastline based on beach wrack cover. The results of 14 surveys in Germany and 6 surveys in North Africa do not provide sufficient evidence for the input path “sea to beach” for litter in beach wrack nor for a correlation between beach wrack and litter quantities. However, we show that litter quantities in beach wrack at the waterline can be 3–13 times higher than what is found on bare sand and that old, scattered beach wrack may entrap 181 times more litter, evidencing that it serves as a sink of litter on beaches. We recommend further large-scale studies, targeting freshly deposited wrack, to gain more information on beach wrack litter quantities and input paths, and to support better decision-making on beach wrack management.
A Discussion About the “Geopark” Terminology Use Based on Turkish Researchers’ Conceptual Perceptions of Their Publications
Authors: Turoğlu Hüseyin 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Differences are conspicuous in the perception of some terms of geopark terminology such as geosite, geoheritage, geoconservation, and geodiversity in the publications of Turkish researchers, as well as in international research and publications on geoparks. This different perception hinders the unity of language in geopark studies and causes confusion in conceptual expression. This study aims to understand and discuss the meaning and conceptual perceptions of the main geopark terms of Turkish researchers by analyzing their geopark-themed studies and national/international publications. In the analysis, a total of 100 publications of Turkish researchers, 71 national and 29 international publications on geopark themes published after the referee process were evaluated. The 100 publications were classified according to the origin of the author’s discipline, whether the publication was national or international, cited publications related to the basic concepts of geoparks, and the conceptual meaning in the most cited publications and the conceptual perception in the articles were discussed. The results of the analysis highlighted the following findings. There is no common perception in the use of the prefix Geo in Geopark terminology on a national scale and the prefix Geo is perceived differently between Turkish geologists and geographer authors. It is understood that Turkish geographers generally use terms such as geoheritage, geosite, geodiversity, geoconservation, etc., in their national and international publications. While Turkish geologist authors mostly use the prefix Geo in their international publications, they prefer the terms geological heritage, geological site, geological diversity, geological protection, etc., for the same basic concepts in their national publications. The use of basic geopark terms in the articles of authors with other backgrounds is mainly similar to the approach of authors with geology background. The conclusion of this discussion is that the difference in conceptual perception of geopark terms is a problem for the geopark integrity strategy, and that it would be better to ensure linguistic unity with terminology such as geosite, geoheritage, geoconservation, and geodiversity.
Archaeology, chronology, and sedimentological context of the youngest Middle Palaeolithic assemblage from Jebel Faya, United Arab Emirates
Authors: Bretzke Knut , Preusser Frank , Raith Kira , Preston Gareth , Kim Seolmin , Jasim Sabah , Yousif Eisa , Parker Adrian G. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Due to the scarcity of stratified and well-dated archaeological horizons, diachronic as well as spatial patterns of Pleistocene lithic traditions are not very well understood in Arabia. To contribute to this topic, we present new archaeological, sedimentological and chronological data from archaeological horizon II (AH II), the stratigraphically youngest Middle Palaeolithic assemblage at Jebel Faya, Emirate of Sharjah, United Arab Emirates. Results of optically stimulated luminescence dating reveal that AH II was deposited about 80 ka ago at the end of Marine Isotope Stage 5 (MIS 5). The lithic assemblage shows a preference for elongated flakes and blades produced predominantly by bidirectional methods, both Levallois and non-Levallois. The few tools feature simple retouch often forming denticulated edges. Contemporaneous assemblages from Arabia are rare and show distinct technological characteristics, including a preference for the production of flakes with ovoid and triangular morphologies from centripetal as well as unidirectional convergent and bidirectional convergent Levallois methods. These differences indicate that traditions in the production of stone tool blanks follow distinct trajectories north and south of the Rub al-Khali desert at the termination of the MIS 5 humid period.
Evaluation of Stress in the Maxillary Complex of a Unilateral Cleft Lip and Palate on Simulated Occlusal Loading Using Finite Element Analysis
Authors: Williams Fredrick , Eram Afiya , Zuber Mohammad , Srikanth G. , Singh Anupam , Prasad Rajendra , Khader S. M. Abdul , Barboza A. B. V. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
In individuals with a unilateral cleft lip and palate, there routinely exists an abnormality of the facial skeleton in all three planes (transverse, sagittal and coronal). Skeletal and facial asymmetry is pronounced in the anterior part of the maxilla with a smaller maxillary width and height on the cleft side. As a mechanical stimulant, occlusal forces and the resulting stress and strain distribution within the skeletal components lead to strain-induced bone remodeling. This study was done to observe the stress distribution pattern and displacement within the maxillary complex in a complete unilateral cleft lip and palate individual when subjected to simulated occlusal forces, using a three-dimensional finite element analysis.

Material and Methods
A three-dimensional finite element model of the maxillary complex of a unilateral cleft lip and palate individual was developed from sequential computed tomography scan images processed at 1-mm intervals. ANSYS™ 14.0 and MIMICS™ software were used for the same. Masseter forces of 300 N were applied at the zygomatic arch bilaterally, and occlusal loads of 100 N were applied vertically onto the framework surface at different locations to simulate occlusal loading. The displacement and von Mises stresses in different planes were studied on different nodes at various anatomical points within the maxillary complex.

Results
The unilateral cleft lip and palate led to a non-uniform, asymmetric stress distribution pattern within the maxillary complex: intensified on the non-cleft side and weakened on the cleft side. An asymmetric displacement pattern was noted between the cleft and non-cleft sides.

Conclusions
The results implied that an individual born with a complete unilateral cleft lip and palate would be expected to have an asymmetric facial development between the non-cleft and cleft sides as a result of an asymmetric occlusal loading pattern.
The Performance Evolution of the New Scatter Search Snake Optimization Algorithm for Feature Selection Problems
Authors: Bölükbaş Orhan , Haber Zeynep , Uğuz Harun 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Feature selection is the process of determining which k features, out of n characteristics, best represent a dataset by evaluating the features in accordance with the method used. Selecting the fewest features without compromising the accuracy of the results is another optimization challenge in feature subset selection. Problems with a binary search space can be solved immediately via the very effective global search optimization technique known as scatter search. However, it might become stuck in local optimum solutions and be unable to locate the worldwide optimum answer. This work aims to achieve a balance between the local and global searches of the scatter search algorithm. By combining the concepts of scatter search and snake optimizer algorithms, a novel technique known as scatter search snake optimization (SSSO) is presented for this purpose. We evaluate the proposed method against well-known optimization methods on two different datasets, one with respect to epileptic disease and the other with respect to well-known machine learning datasets from the UCI Machine Learning Repository during the feature selection phase. The comparative results show that the proposed SSSO technique is an effective metaheuristic for feature selection problems.
Case report. Verdenking bilaterale testistumor blijkt polyarteritis nodosa
Authors: Sweere Vera , Disselhorst Guus W. , Jonges Trudy G. N. , Brinkman Willem M. 
Published: February 2025

Samenvatting
Polyarteritis nodosa (PAN) is een zeldzame vasculitis van de middelgrote en kleine arteriën. Meestal is er sprake van betrokkenheid van meerdere orgaansystemen, met name perifere zenuwen, huid, het gastro-intestinale systeem, spieren en nieren. Deze aandoening kan zich ook beperken tot één orgaansysteem. We beschrijven een casus van een 32-jarige man met linkszijdige scrotalgie en echografisch verdachte bilaterale testislaesies. Tumormarkers waren niet verhoogd. Er werd beiderzijds een radicale inguinale orchidectomie verricht. Histopathologisch onderzoek toonde geen maligniteit, maar PAN. De incidentie van PAN is slechts 1–8 gevallen per miljoen inwoners in Europa, maar toch is het van belang om benigne afwijkingen differentieel diagnostisch te overwegen, zeker bij bilaterale testisafwijkingen. Eerst dient enkelzijdige of partiële orchidectomie overwogen te worden vanwege de zeldzaamheid van bilaterale testistumoren en het belang van fertiliteitsbehoud.
Non-Specific Pleuritis: An Update
Authors: Neilly Mark DJ , Dick Craig , Blyth Kevin G 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Purpose of Review
Non-Specific Pleuritis (NSP) is a common diagnosis following thoracoscopy and encompasses a broad range of aetiologies with heterogeneous outcomes. In this article, we review pathophysiology, associated syndromes, and current best practice in follow-up.

Recent Findings
NSP typically runs a benign disease course; however, the biomechanical consequences of subsequent tissue re-modelling can be severe. A proportion of patients develop malignancy, notably pleural mesothelioma (PM), and clinicians currently lack the ability to stratify those at risk. Some may be harbouring occult malignancy with false-negative pleural biopsies. Alternatively, NSP may represent a true pre-PM precursor supported by the recent characterisation of mesothelioma-in-situ.

Summary
Prospective surveillance of NSP patients could unlock the final biological milestone preceding PM evolution. Progress in this area would permit a more personalised patient stratification, whilst offering novel opportunities for translational research. The PREDICT-Meso International Accelerator Network has been established to focus on this goal.
Effetti metabolici delle terapie di affermazione di genere
Authors: Masi Marco , Muci Sara , Giorgino Francesco , Cignarelli Angelo 
Published: February 2025

Sommario
La terapia di affermazione di genere è una componente essenziale nel percorso di cura delle persone transgender. Tuttavia, l’uso prolungato di farmaci e terapie ormonali per l’affermazione di genere può comportare variazioni significative del peso corporeo, della composizione corporea, dei parametri ematochimici, del profilo lipidico, della sensibilità insulinica e del rischio trombo-embolico e cardiovascolare. La determinazione precisa dei rischi metabolici e cardiovascolari della terapia ormonale di affermazione di genere (GAHT) risulta complessa a causa della varietà dei regimi di trattamento e delle molteplici variabili confondenti, tra cui le differenze nello stile di vita (es. fumo di sigaretta), le diverse vie di somministrazione della terapia ormonale, la marginalizzazione dovuta alle minoranze di genere con un tasso inferiore di accesso ai servizi sanitari primari, la chirurgia di riassegnazione di genere e l’uso di terapie psichiatriche che possono influenzare il peso e l’appetito. Inoltre, la prevalenza di studi retrospettivi con un numero ridotto di partecipanti e l’assenza di studi prospettici a lungo termine determinano un panorama incerto, con poche evidenze riconfermate. Questa rassegna ha l’obiettivo di riassumere le più recenti evidenze sugli effetti metabolici della GAHT, suddividendole in categorie per Assigned Male at Birth (AMAB) e Assigned Female at Birth (AFAB).
Modeling raster bead deformation process for monitoring fused filament fabrication using acoustic emission
Authors: Li Zhen , Fu Lei , Zou Xinfeng , Huang Baoshan , Gu Fengshou , Ball Andrew D. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
In the fused filament fabrication (FFF) deposition process, the filament material undergoes a complex process of thermal melting and reshaping. Macroscopic geometric accuracy and mechanical strength are the main concerns of the printed model by most researchers. However, there is limited research on the microscopic raster bead process, especially on its dynamic evolution, even though this is crucial for ensuring accuracy and strength. In addition, the online monitoring system for FFF processes is not well-developed, the quality of finished samples being mainly evaluated by their appearance. To fill up these gaps, this study focuses on the investigation of the microprocesses of FFF to gain in-depth understanding of raster bead evolution and its acoustic emission (AE) generation characteristics. A model of material extrusion was developed based on the wall jet impingement model. A finite element (FE) analysis revealed a mutual microscopic compression between different raster beads, in which the deformed edges compress subsequent raster beads, leading to different dynamic stresses. Experimental studies based on AE show that raster compression becomes more severe with the increase in infill density, while higher material temperature exacerbates raster compression, and faster printing speed increases compression stress. The FE simulation and experiments reveal the cumulative effects of compression in continuous printing. This study demonstrated that AE can be an effective method for online monitoring of the micro-deposition process of raster beads. In summary, this study introduces an AE-based method for monitoring the interactions between raster beads during the deposition process. The research explores a method for online monitoring of the micro-deposition process of raster beads, which has the potential to improve the geometric accuracy of FFF.
Unmanned F/A-18 Aircraft Landing Control on Aircraft Carrier in Adverse Conditions
Authors: Kistyarev Mikhail , Wang Xinhua 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Carrier landing of aircrafts is a challenge for control due to the existence of nonlinear wind disturbances and the requirements of changing reference trajectories. In this paper, a robust landing control system is presented for carrier landing of unmanned F/A-18 aircraft. In the control system, an augmented observer is applied to estimate the combined disturbances in the pitch dynamics of F/A-18 aircraft during carrier landing. Therefore, the control performance is improved through the control compensations from these estimations. Additionally, the controllers are designed to regulate the velocity, rate of descent and vertical position. A full model, including the nonlinear flight dynamics, controller, carrier deck motion, wind and measurement noise, is constructed numerically and implemented in software. Combining the observer with a proportional-derivative (PD) control, the proposed pitch control shows the better transient characteristics and stronger robustness than a proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controller. The simulations verify that the designed control system can make the aircraft quickly track a time-varying reference despite the existence of nonlinear disturbances and noise.
Effect of Dairy Manure Derived Bokashi Prepared From Different Organic Materials on Lettuce Growth and Mineral Nutrition
Authors: Erdal İbrahim , Ekinci Kamil , Kumbul Barbaros Salih , Madenli Evrim Celik 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Bokashi is the product of an anaerobic process using beneficial microorganisms, molasses and water, in which a wide range of organic materials can be used. It has advantages over compost and other organic inputs on soil fertility due to its special properties. However, studies on bokashi compost are limited and much less is known of how bokashi compost affect properties of dairy manure in terms of the growth and mineral nutrition of a plant. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effects of different dairy manure bokashies on the growth and mineral nutrition of lettuce and to compare them with dairy manure. Eight-manure derived bokashi mixtures were compared with dairy manure. These materials were: Dairy manure bokashi (M1), Dairy manure bokashi + sour cherry stone biochar (M2), Dairy manure bokashi + dairy manure biochar (M3), Dairy manure bokashi + tomato harvest residue biochar (M4), Dairy manure bokashi + pomogranete peel biochar (M5), Dairy manure bokashi + straw (M6), Dairy manure bokashi + sawdust (M7), Dairy manure bokashi + tomato harvest residues (M8) and Dairy manure alone (M9). In the experiment, 9 different materials were weighed to the 2.5 kg soil containing pots at 0 (control), 7.5 and 15 t ha− 1 and pre-incubated for 60 days. The most effective treatments on head and root weights were 7.5 t ha− 1 of M1 and at 15 t ha− 1 of M7, respectively. While M1 was the most effective material on head weight, but there was no difference between the materials on root weight. Similarly, M1 proved to be the most effective material on plant’s nutrient uptake. The results showed that 7.5 t ha− 1 of M1 is the most favorable material for lettuce dry weights and mineral nutrition. It was concluded that there was no need to mix biochar or other organic materials into dairy manure bokashi if it is used for the soils having similar properties used in this research.
Outcomes in children with vesicoureteral reflux receiving antibiotic prophylaxis
Authors: Tompkins Madeline G , Kussin Michelle , Christenson John C , Boyd LaKeisha , Tat Kiet , Schneider Jack G , Han Rachel T 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Antibiotic prophylaxis in children with vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) remains controversial. We reviewed patients diagnosed with VUR after an index urinary tract infection (UTI) who subsequently received antibiotic prophylaxis. Recurrent UTIs in patients with and without urologic anomalies occurred in 57% and 33%, respectively. Multidrug-resistant organisms accounted for 25% of first UTI recurrences.
ASYMPTOTIC TRUTH-VALUE LAWS IN MANY-VALUED LOGICS
Authors: BADIA GUILLERMO , CAICEDO XAVIER , NOGUERA CARLES 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This paper studies which truth-values are most likely to be taken on finite models by arbitrary sentences of a many-valued predicate logic. The classical zero-one law (independently proved by Fagin and Glebskiĭ et al.) states that every sentence in a purely relational language is almost surely false or almost surely true, meaning that the probability that the formula is true in a randomly chosen finite structures of cardinal n is asymptotically

$0$

or

$1$

as n grows to infinity. We obtain generalizations of this result for any logic with values in a finite lattice-ordered algebra, and for some infinitely valued logics, including Łukasiewicz logic. The finitely valued case is reduced to the classical one through a uniform translation and Oberschelp’s generalization of the zero-one law. Moreover, it is shown that the complexity of determining the almost sure value of a given sentence is PSPACE-complete (generalizing Grandjean’s result for the classical case), and for some logics we describe completely the set of truth-values that can be taken by sentences almost surely.
Crowdsourced Adaptive Surveys
Authors: Velez Yamil Ricardo 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Public opinion surveys are vital for informing democratic decision-making, but responding to rapidly changing information environments and measuring beliefs within hard-to-reach communities can be challenging for traditional survey methods. This paper introduces a crowdsourced adaptive survey methodology (CSAS) that unites advances in natural language processing and adaptive algorithms to produce surveys that evolve with participant input. The CSAS method converts open-ended text provided by participants into survey items and applies a multi-armed bandit algorithm to determine which questions should be prioritized in the survey. The method’s adaptive nature allows new survey questions to be explored and imposes minimal costs in survey length. Applications in the domains of misinformation, issue salience, and local politics showcase CSAS’s ability to identify topics that might otherwise escape the notice of survey researchers. I conclude by highlighting CSAS’s potential to bridge conceptual gaps between researchers and participants in survey research.