bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
First principles studies on the interaction of O2 with X@Al12 (X = Al−, P+, C, Si) clusters
Authors: Lu QI Liang , Chen Li Li , Wan Jian Guo , Wang Guang Hou 
Published: May 2010

AbstractThe interaction of O2 with the doped icosahedral X@Al12 (X = Al−, P+, C, Si) clusters with 40 valence electrons were investigated using density functional theory methods. A different behavior exhibited between Al13− and X@Al12 (X = P+, C, Si) when they interact with O2. The dissociation of O2 on Al13− is strongly dependent on spin state of oxygen molecule. But X@Al12 (X = P+, C, and Si) is not the case. The transform of spin moment from O2 to Al13− is much faster. Small molecularly binding energy and relatively high energy barrier show that these clusters are all reluctant reacts with the ground state O2. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Chem 2010
High expression of IMPACT protein promotes resistance to indoleamine 2,3‐dioxygenase‐induced cell death
Authors: Habibi Darya , Jalili Reza B. , Forouzandeh Farshad , Ong Christopher J. , Ghahary Aziz 
Published: May 2010

AbstractIndoleamine 2,3‐dioxygenase (IDO), a tryptophan degrading enzyme, is a potent immunomodulatory factor. IDO expression in fibroblasts selectively induces apoptosis in immune cells but not in primary skin cells. However, the mechanism(s) of this selective effect of IDO‐induced low tryptophan environment is not elucidated. The aim of present study was to investigate whether the activity of general control non‐derepressible‐2(GCN2) kinase stress‐responsive pathway and its known inhibitor, protein IMPACT homolog, in immune and skin cells are differentially regulated in response to IDO‐induced low tryptophan environment. IDO‐expressing human fibroblasts were co‐cultured with Jurkat cells, human T cells, fibroblasts, or keratinocytes. Activation of GCN2 pathway was significantly higher in immune cells exposed to IDO‐expressing environment relative to that of skin cells. In contrast, IMPACT was highly and constitutively expressed in skin cells while its expression was very low in stimulated T cells and undetectable in Jurkat cells. A significant IDO‐induced suppressive as well as apoptotic effect was demonstrated in IMPACT knocked down fibroblasts co‐cultured with IDO‐expressing fibroblasts. Proliferation of Jurkat cells, stably transduced with IMPACT‐expressing vector, was rescued significantly in tryptophan‐deficient but not IDO‐expressing environment. This may be due to the ability of IMPACT to recover the effects of IDO‐mediated tryptophan depletion (GCN2 dependent) but not the effects of IDO‐generated cytotoxic metabolites. These findings collectively suggest for the first time that high expression of protein IMPACT homolog in non‐immune cells such as skin cells acts as a protective mechanism against IDO‐induced GCN2 activation, therefore, makes them resistant to the amino acid‐deprived environment caused by IDO. J. Cell. Physiol. 225: 196–205, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Modulation of vascular endothelial cell senescence by integrin β4
Authors: Sun ChunHui , Liu Xia , Qi Lei , Xu JiPing , Zhao Jing , Zhang Yun , Zhang ShangLi , Miao JunYing 
Published: May 2010

AbstractIncreasing evidence has demonstrated that the senescence of vascular endothelial cells (VECs) has critical roles in the pathogenesis of vascular dysfunction. Finding important factors that regulate VEC senescence will help provide novel therapeutic strategies for vascular disorders. Previously, we found that integrin β4 was involved in VEC senescence. However, the mechanism underlying VEC senescence mediated by integrin β4 remains poorly understand. In this study, we used a mouse in vivo model and showed that the level of integrin β4 in the endothelium of mouse thoracic aorta was increased during natural aging and atherosclerosis. Furthermore, we found that H‐ras, caveolin‐1, and AP‐1 were implicated in the senescent signal pathway mediated by integrin β4 in human umbilical vein ECs (HUVECs). Knockdown of integrin β4 could attenuate HUVEC senescent features, including increased interleukin‐8 (IL‐8) release and decreased endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and NO levels and mitochondrial membrane potential in vitro. Our findings provide new clues illustrating the mechanism of VEC senescence. Integrin β4 might be a potential target for therapy in cardiovascular diseases. J. Cell. Physiol. 225: 673–681, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Biosorption of Zn(II) by orange waste in batch and packed‐bed systems
Authors: Pérez Marín Ana Belén , Aguilar María Isabel , Ortuño Juan Francisco , Meseguer Víctor Francisco , Sáez José , Lloréns Mercedes 
Published: May 2010

AbstractBACKGROUND: This research provides new insights into the biosorption of zinc on a waste product from the orange juice industry. Optimal operating conditions maximizing percentage zinc removal were determined in batch and fixed‐bed systems. Biomass was characterized by FTIR spectroscopy and by major cation content in order to better understand the biosorpion mechanism. Zn‐loaded orange waste was proposed to be used as an alternative fuel in cement kilns.RESULTS: Sorption capacity was strongly affected by biosorbent dose and solution pH, and was not strongly sensitive to particle size under the experimental conditions studied. Equilibrium data were successfully described by a Langmuir model and sorption kinetic data were adequately modelled with the pseudo‐second‐order and Elovich rate equation. The biomass was found to possess high sorption capacity (qmax = 0.664 mmol g−1) and biosorption equilibrium was established in less than 3 h. Experimental breakthrough curves were adequately fitted to the Thomas model and the dose–response model, obtaining sorption capacities in continuous assays higher than those found in batch mode. Characterization of the biomass suggested the possible contribution of carboxyl and hydroxyl groups of biomass in Zn2+ biosorption and it also highlighted the important role of light metal ions in a possible ion‐exchange mechanism.CONCLUSIONS: Orange waste could be used as an effective and low‐cost alternative biosorbent material for zinc removal from aqueous solution. Copyright © 2010 Society of Chemical Industry
Bilateral spontaneous internal carotid artery dissection with both early and very late recanalization: A case report
Authors: Vicenzini Edoardo , Ricciardi Maria Chiara , Sirimarco Gaia , Di Piero Vittorio , Lenzi Gian Luigi 
Published: May 2010

AbstractSpontaneous bilateral internal carotid artery dissection has frequently been described in the literature as a cause of stroke. In more than half of the patients with internal carotid artery dissection, recanalization occurs early after the event and is unusual later than 6 months after onset of the dissection. We describe a patient with ischemic stroke due to left internal carotid artery occlusion in the extracranial segment. The patient was treated with anticoagulants and early vessel recanalization did not occur. Ten months later, he developed contralateral internal carotid occlusion in the intracranial tract, which was followed by early complete recanalization. Anticoagulation therapy was continued and, 16 months after the initial event, the left internal carotid artery unexpectedly also reopened. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound, 2011
Convenient synthesis of substituted 2‐(2‐iminocoumarin‐3‐yl)thieno[2,3‐d]pyrimidin‐4‐ones
Authors: Shynkarenko Pavlo E. , Vlasov Sergiy V. , Kovalenko Sergiy M. , Shishkina Svitlana V. , Shishkin Oleg V. , Chernykh Valentin P. 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
magnified image The interaction of both 2‐iminocoumarin‐3‐carbonitriles and 2‐iminocoumarin‐3‐carbothioamides with 2‐aminothiophen‐3‐carboxamides lead to formation of 3‐(4‐oxo‐3,4‐dihydrothieno[2,3‐d]pyrimidin‐2‐yl)‐2‐iminocoumarins in two steps. The simplicity of the procedure, as well as the high yields of the target products make this method to be a good alternative of Knoevenagel condensation for the synthesis of 3‐(4‐oxo‐3,4‐dihydrothieno[2,3‐d]pyrimidin‐2‐yl)‐2‐iminocoumarins. J. Heterocyclic Chem., (2010).
Comparative morphology of the foot structure of four genera of Loxosomatidae (Entoprocta): Implications for foot functions and taxonomy
Authors: Iseto Tohru , Hirose Euichi 
Published: May 2010

AbstractEntoprocta is a group of mostly cryptic, benthic invertebrates with a sedentary lifestyle. Here, we investigate the morphology of the entoproct foot, which is an important structure in attachment and locomotion. We describe the foot structure of four solitary entoprocts, Loxosoma monilis, Loxosomella stomatophora, Loxocorone allax, and Loxomitra mizugamaensis, by means of light and transmission electron microscopy. Gland cells containing secretory granules were found in the foot of all the four species. In L. monilis, the gland cells densely paved the underside of the disc‐shaped foot, but no duct or groove was found. In L. stomatophora and L. allax, a foot gland was present at the frontal end of a foot groove. The foot gland was a solid cell mass in the former species but a sac‐like structure in the latter. Two types of groove accessory cells were recognized in both species; groove bulge cells (GBCs) showed large cytoplasmic bulges extending into the groove lumen, while groove microvillus cells have microvillus mats in the lateral wall of the groove. The bulges of GBCs in L. stomatophora are slender and attached to one another with desmosomes, forming appendages that extend down to the substratum, hinting at their contribution to attachment and locomotion. The bulges in L. allax form large swellings that fill the groove lumen and are connected to the surrounding cells with hemidesmosomes. In the liberated buds of L. mizugamaensis, tripartite gland cell masses were found at the basal end of the stalk, but no groove was found. A small invagination, which may be the opening of the gland, was found at the center of the foot tip, where the liberated buds attach themselves to the substratum and then metamorphose into adults. No openings were found at the lateral terminal wings, which support locomotion in Loxomitra species. J. Morphol. 271:1185–1196, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Different responses of E:Z‐isomers of pesticides in liquid chromatography–electrospray ionization–mass spectrometry
Authors: Mayer‐Helm Bernhard , Hofbauer Ludwig , Pani Jutta 
Published: May 2010

AbstractThe mass spectrometric behavior of four pairs of stereoisomers was investigated by liquid chromatography–electrospray ionization–mass spectrometry (LC–ESI–MS). The E‐ and Z‐isomers of the pesticides chlorfenvinphos, dimethomorph, mevinphos and phosphamidon—each with one double bond—were chosen for this study. The MS response of the individual isomers was investigated by infusing the isomers individually into the MS or after the separation of isomer mixtures via high‐performance liquid chromatography(HPLC). In the case of dimethomorph, the same MS response was found for the two isomers. In contrast to that, the individual isomers of chlorfenvinphos, mevinphos and phosphamidon showed different MS response both in the single ion monitoring (SIM) mode in single quadrupole MS and multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode in tandem MS. The MS response of the isomers partly depends on (1) the declustering potential of the precursor ion in the SIM mode, (2) the selected transition and (3) the collision energy in the MRM mode. Consequently, quantification by summation of the peak areas of the isomers is inaccurate due to over‐ or underestimating of one of the stereoisomers. Accurate quantitative results can only be achieved when the compound‐specific MS parameters are separately determined for each isomer. This can be done by using pure isomers or by the determination of the MS parameters after HPLC separation and the measurement of the actual isomer ratio with an independent technique. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
BDNF‐Akt‐Bcl2 antiapoptotic signaling pathway is compromised in the brain of autistic subjects
Authors: Sheikh Ashfaq M. , Malik Mazhar , Wen Guang , Chauhan Abha , Chauhan Ved , Gong Cheng‐Xin , Liu Fei , Brown William T. , Li Xiaohong 
Published: May 2010

AbstractAlthough the pathogenesis of autism is not understood, emerging evidence points to apoptotic mechanisms being involved in this disorder. However, it is not known whether apoptosis signaling is deregulated in the brain of autistic subjects. This study investigates how the apoptosis‐related proteins are regulated in the autistic brain. Our studies show that Bcl2 is significantly decreased, whereas the expression of p53 is increased, in the brain of autistic subjects in comparison with age‐matched controls. We also found that the expression and phosphorylation/activation of Akt kinase that regulates Bcl2 are significantly decreased in the autistic brain. The down‐regulation of Akt may result from a decreased concentration of brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), the growth factor that modulates Akt activities. These results suggest that down‐regulation of the BDNF‐Akt‐Bcl2 antiapoptotic signaling pathway in the autistic brain could be one of the underlying mechanisms responsible for the pathogenesis of autism. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Short‐term low‐frequency electrical stimulation enhanced remyelination of injured peripheral nerves by inducing the promyelination effect of brain‐derived neurotrophic factor on Schwann cell polarization
Authors: Wan Lidan , Zhang Song , Xia Rong , Ding Wenlong 
Published: May 2010

AbstractElectrical stimulation (ES) has been found to aid repair of nerve injuries and have been shown to increase and direct neurite outgrowth during stimulation. However, the effect of ES on peripheral remyelination after nerve damage has been investigated less well, and the mechanism underlying its action remains unclear. In the present study, the crush‐injured sciatic nerves in rats were subjected to 1 hr of continuous ES (20 Hz, 100 μsec, 3 V). Electron microscopy and nerve morphometry were performed to investigate the extent of regenerated nerve myelination. The expression profiles of P0, Par‐3, and brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in the injuried sciatic nerves and in the dorsal root ganglion neuron/Schwann cell cocultures were examined by Western blotting. Par‐3 localization in the sciatic nerves was determined by immunohistochemistry to demonstrate Schwann cell polarization during myelination. We reported that 20‐Hz ES increased the number of myelinated fibers and the thickness myelin sheath at 4 and 8 weeks postinjury. P0 level in the ES‐treated groups, both in vitro and in vivo, was enhanced compared with the controls. The earlier peak of Par‐3 in the ES‐treated groups indicated an earlier initiation of Schwann cell myelination. Additionally, ES significantly elevated BDNF expression in nerve tissues and in cocultures. ES on the site of nerve injury potentiates axonal regrowth and myelin maturation during peripheral nerve regeneration. Furthermore, the therapeutic actions of ES on myelination are mediated via enhanced BDNF signals, which drive the promyelination effect on Schwann cells at the onset of myelination. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Nuclear factor‐κB/p65 responds to changes in the Notch signaling pathway in murine BV‐2 cells and in amoeboid microglia in postnatal rats treated with the γ‐secretase complex blocker DAPT
Authors: Cao Q. , Li P. , Lu J. , Dheen S.T. , Kaur C. , Ling E.‐A. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractMicroglial cells constitutively express Notch‐1 and nuclear factor‐κB/p65 (NF‐κB/p65), and both pathways modulate production of inflammatory mediators. This study sought to determine whether a functional relationship exists between them and, if so, to investigate whether they synergistically regulate common microglial cell functions. By immunofluorescence labeling, real‐time polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR), flow cytometry, and Western blot, BV‐2 cells exhibited Notch‐1 and NF‐κB/p65 expression, which was significantly up‐regulated in cells challenged with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). This was coupled with an increase in expression of Hes‐1, tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α), and interleukin‐1β (IL‐1β). In BV‐2 cells pretreated with N‐[N‐(3,5‐difluorophenacetyl)‐1‐alany1]‐S‐phenyglycine t‐butyl ester (DAPT), a γ‐secretase inhibitor, followed by LPS stimulation, Notch‐1 expression level was enhanced but that of all other markers was suppressed. Additionally, Hes‐1 expression and NF‐κB nuclear translocation decreased as shown by flow cytometry. Notch‐1's modulation of NF‐κB/p65 was also evidenced in amoeboid microglial cells (AMC) in vivo. In 5‐day‐old rats given intraperitoneal injections of LPS, Notch‐1, NF‐κB/p65, TNF‐α, and IL‐1β immunofluorescence in AMC was markedly enhanced. However, in rats given an intraperitoneal injection of DAPT prior to LPS, Notch‐1 labeling was augmented, but that of TNF‐α and IL‐1β was reduced. The results suggest that blocking of Notch‐1 activation with DAPT would reduce the level of its downstream end product Hes‐1 along with suppression of NF‐κB/p65 translocation, resulting in suppressed production of proinflammatory cytokines. It is concluded that Notch‐1 signaling can trans‐activate NF‐κB/p65 by amplifying NF‐κB/p65‐dependent proinflammatory functions in activated microglia. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Inhibiting nerve growth factor or its receptors downregulates calcitonin gene‐related peptide expression in rat lumbar dorsal root ganglia innervating injured intervertebral discs
Authors: Orita Sumihisa , Ohtori Seiji , Nagata Maiko , Horii Manato , Yamashita Masaomi , Yamauchi Kazuyo , Inoue Gen , Suzuki Munetaka , Eguchi Yawara , Kamoda Hiroto , Arai Gen , Ishikawa Tetsuhiro , Miyagi Masayuki , Ochiai Nobuyasu , Kishida Shunji , Takaso Masashi , Aoki Yasuchika , Takahashi Kazuhisa 
Published: May 2010

AbstractNerve growth factor (NGF) and its dual structurally unrelated receptors, tropomyosin‐related kinase A (TrkA) or p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75NTR), cause the pathogenesis of discogenic pain. To investigate the sensory innervation of injured rat lumbar intervertebral disc (IVD), we examined the expression of neuropeptides such as calcitonin gene‐related peptide (CGRP) at dorsal root ganglia (DRG) by inhibiting NGF or its dual receptors. Sprague–Dawley rats with multiply punctured L5–L6 IVD were used. Six experimental groups were prepared: naïve, sham control, and four agent‐treated groups with punctured IVD (vehicle, anti‐NGF antibody, anti‐TrkA antibody, and anti‐p75NTR antibody). Retrograde neurotracer Fluoro‐Gold (FG) was applied together except for the naïve group. Their lumbar DRG were harvested and immunolabeled for CGRP. FG‐labeled DRG neurons were most prevalent at L1 and L2 DRG, and the proportion of FG‐labeled CGRP‐immunoreactive DRG neurons in the vehicle group was significantly elevated (p < 0.05) compared with the sham group, while those of antibody‐treated groups, especially in the anti‐p75NTR group, significantly decreased compared with the vehicle group (p < 0.05). Direct intradiscal application of antibody to NGF or its receptors suppressed CGRP expression, and p75NTR antagonism induced the most profound suppression. © 2010 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 28:1614–1620, 2010
Revised age estimate of the Mjáuvøtn tephra A on the Faroe Islands based on Bayesian modelling of 14C dates from two lake sequences
Authors: Olsen Jesper , Gudmundsdóttir Esther Ruth , Björck Svante , Odgaard Bent V. , Heinemeier Jan 
Published: May 2010

AbstractTephra horizons are potentially perfect time markers for dating and cross‐correlation among diverse Holocene palaeoenvironmental records such as ice cores and marine and terrestrial sequences, but we need to trust their age. Here we present a new age estimate of the Holocene Mjáuvøtn tephra A using accelerator mass spectrometry 14C dates from two lakes on the Faroe Islands. With Bayesian age modelling it is dated to 6668–6533 cal. a BP (68.2% confidence interval) – significantly older and better constrained than the previous age. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Pigments used in Roman wall paintings in the Vesuvian area
Authors: Aliatis Irene , Bersani Danilo , Campani Elisa , Casoli Antonella , Lottici Pier Paolo , Mantovan Silvia , Marino Iari‐Gabriel 
Published: May 2010

AbstractPowdered pigments found in bowls from the Pompeii archaeological site and some wall‐painting fragments from the Vesuvian area (conserved in the National Archaeological Museum of Naples) were investigated by microscopic Raman and FTIR spectroscopies, X‐ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy‐energy dispersive X‐ray. Brown, red and yellow pigments are common ochres based on goethite and haematite. The blue pigment is Egyptian blue: the presence of tridymite and cristobalite indicates firing temperatures in the 1000–1100 °C range. Pink pigments were prepared both with purely inorganic materials, by mixing haematite and Egyptian blue (violet hue), or presumably by adding an organic dye to an aluminium‐silica matrix. A white powder found in a bowl is composed mainly of the unusual pigment huntite (CaMg3(CO3)4). Celadonite is found in the green samples from the wall paintings, together with Egyptian blue and basic lead carbonate, while the heterogeneous green pigment in a bowl shows malachite mixed with goethite, Egyptian blue, haematite, carbon, cerussite and quartz. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effect of obesity on laparoscopy‐assisted distal gastrectomy compared with open distal gastrectomy for gastric cancer
Authors: Makino Hirochika , Kunisaki Chikara , Izumisawa Yusuke , Tokuhisa Motohiko , Oshima Takashi , Nagano Yasuhiko , Fujii Shoichi , Kimura Jun , Takagawa Ryo , Kosaka Takashi , Ono Hidetaka A. , Akiyama Hirotoshi , Endo Itaru 
Published: May 2010

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesThis study compared surgical outcomes between patients undergoing laparoscopy‐assisted distal gastrectomy (LADG) and those undergoing open distal gastrectomy (ODG) from the viewpoint of obesity.MethodsBetween June 2002 and May 2008, 146 patients with preoperatively diagnosed early gastric cancer who underwent LADG (n = 90) or ODG (n = 56) were enrolled in this study and compared in terms of clinicopathological findings and operative outcome. The visceral fat area (VFA) and subcutaneous fat area (SFA) were assessed as identifiers of obesity using FatScan software. The relationship between obesity and operative outcomes after LADG and ODG was evaluated.ResultsThere were no significant correlations between intraoperative blood loss (IBL) and any obesity‐related factors, or between operation time (OT) and any obesity‐related factors in the LADG group. There was a significant correlation between IBL and BMI (r = 0.486, P = 0.0001), IBL and VFA (r = 0.456, P = 0.0003), IBL and SFA (r = 0.311, P = 0.0193), OT and BMI (r = 0.406, P = 0.0017), OT and VFA (r = 0.314, P = 0.0178), and between OT and SFA (r = 0.382, P = 0.0034) in the ODG group.ConclusionsLADG may be a useful operative manipulation that is not influenced by obesity, whereas ODG may be influenced by obesity even after reaching the surgical plateau. J. Surg. Oncol. 2010;102:141–147. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Indications and approach to surgical resection of lung metastases
Authors: Kaifi Jussuf T. , Gusani Niraj J. , Deshaies Isabelle , Kimchi Eric T. , Reed Michael F. , Mahraj Rickhesvar P. , Staveley‐O'Carroll Kevin F. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractPulmonary metastasectomy is a curative option for selected patients with cancer spread to the lungs. Complete surgical removal of pulmonary metastases can improve survival and is recommended under certain criteria. Specific issues that require consideration in a multidisciplinary setting when planning pulmonary metastasectomy include: adherence to established indications for resection, the surgical strategy including the use of minimally invasive techniques, pulmonary parenchyma preservation, and the role of lymphadenectomy. J. Surg. Oncol. 2010;102:187–195. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.