bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genetic profile of Brazilian patients with LAMA2‐related dystrophies
Authors: Camelo Clara Gontijo , Moreno Cristiane de Araujo Martins , Artilheiro Mariana da Cunha , Fonseca Alulin Tácio Quadros Monteiro , Gurgel Gianetti Juliana , Barbosa André Vinícius , Donis Karina Carvalho , Saute Jonas Alex Morales , Pessoa André , Van der Linden Hélio , Gonçalves Ana Rita Alcântara , Kulikowski Leslie Domenici , Kok Fernando , Zanoteli Edmar 
Published: May 2024

AbstractLAMA2‐related dystrophies (LAMA2‐RD) constitute a rare neuromuscular disorder with a broad spectrum of phenotypic severity. Our understanding of the genotype–phenotype correlations in this condition remains incomplete, and reliable clinical data for clinical trial readiness is limited. In this retrospective study, we reviewed the genetic data and medical records of 114 LAMA2‐RD patients enrolled at seven research centers in Brazil. We identified 58 different pathogenic variants, including 21 novel ones. Six variants were more prevalent and were present in 81.5% of the patients. Notably, the c.1255del, c.2049_2050del, c.3976 C>T, c.5234+1G>A, and c.4739dup variants were found in patients unable to walk and without cortical malformation. In contrast, the c.2461A>C variant was present in patients who could walk unassisted. Among ambulatory patients, missense variants were more prevalent (p < 0.0001). Although no specific hotspot regions existed in the LAMA2, 51% of point mutations were in the LN domain, and 88% of the missense variants were found within this domain. Functional analysis was performed in one intronic variant (c.4960‐17C>A) and revealed an out‐of‐frame transcript, indicating that the variant creates a cryptic splicing site (AG). Our study has shed light on crucial phenotype–genotype correlations and provided valuable insights, particularly regarding the Latin American population.
Calibrated intraoral scan protocol (CISP) for full‐arch implant impressions: An in vitro comparison to conventional impression, intraoral scan, and intraoral scan with scan‐aid
Authors: Li Junying , Chen Zhaozhao , Nava Paolo , Yang Shengtao , Calatrava Javier , Wang Hom‐Lay 
Published: May 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo assess a newly developed intraoral scan protocol in enhancing the accuracy of complete‐arch implant impressions.Materials and MethodsFour impression approaches were applied to the same maxillary edentulous model with 6 implants: (1) intraoral scan (IOS), (2) intraoral scan with scan aid (IOS‐SA), (3) calibrated intraoral scan protocol (CISP), and (4) conventional splinted open‐tray impression (CONV). Each approach was repeated 10 times, and a direct scan of the model with a desktop scanner was used as a reference model. The alignment of scans and the reference model was conducted by two methods: (a) aligning all scan bodies to evaluate the overall fit, and (b) aligning the first and second scan bodies to simulate the Sheffield fit test for passive fitting of multiple implant‐supported prostheses. Linear deviations from the reference model (trueness) and within each group (precision) were analyzed using Python scripts.ResultsWhen aligned by all scan bodies, the CISP group exhibited comparable mean trueness (38.33 μm) and precision (45.97 μm) to the CONV group (44.30 and 47.92 μm respectively), both of which significantly outperformed the IOS group (86.82 and 83.17 μm, respectively). Furthermore, in the virtual Sheffield fit test, the CISP group achieved the highest levels of mean trueness at the end span (121.7 μm), making a linear deviation reduction of 36.7%, 60%, and 41.4% when compared to the CONV, the IOS, and the IOS‐SA groups, respectively. Moreover, the CISP group (104.3 μm) displayed a remarkable 65, 182, and 86 μm advantage in precision over the CONV, IOS, and IOS‐SA groups, respectively.ConclusionCISP demonstrated comparable accuracy to the gold standard, the conventional splinted open‐tray impression. Furthermore, it excelled in the virtual passive fitting test.
A prospective observational study to evaluate a possible relationship between vitamin K antagonist therapy and risk of peripheral arterial disease in patients with type 2 diabetes
Authors: Bourron Olivier , Mohammedi Kamel , De Keizer Joe , Schneider Fabrice , Hadjadj Samy , Saulnier Pierre‐Jean 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAimThe use of vitamin K antagonists (VKAs) may increase the risk of peripheral arterial disease (PAD) because vitamin K is a strong inhibitor of medial arterial calcification. Type 2 diabetes (T2D) exposes patients to an increased risk of PAD. We examined how the use of VKAs modulates the risk of incident PAD in people with T2D.Materials and MethodsSURDIAGENE is a French cohort including 1468 patients with T2D with a prospective follow‐up from 2002 to 2015. The primary outcome of the current analysis was the first occurrence of PAD, a composite of lower‐limb amputation (LLA) or lower‐limb revascularization. LLA and lower‐limb revascularization were considered individually as secondary outcomes.ResultsDuring a 7‐year median follow‐up, PAD occurred in 147 (10%) of the 1468 participants. The use of VKAs was not significantly associated with the risk of PAD [multivariable adjusted hazard ratio (HR) 1.42, 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.88‐2.31]. During the study period, LLA and lower‐limb revascularization occurred in 82 (6%) and 105 (7%) participants, respectively. The use of VKAs was significantly associated with increased risk of LLA [multivariable adjusted HR 1.90 (95% CI, 1.04‐3.47)], but not lower‐limb revascularization [multivariable adjusted HR 1.08 (95% CI, 0.59‐1.97)].ConclusionsIn this prospective study, we did not observe any excess risk of PAD requiring lower‐limb revascularization in people with type 2 diabetes using VKAs. However, our data suggest a high risk of LLA in VKA users. Further studies are required to confirm this observation.
“Spanish flu,” encephalitis lethargica, and COVID‐19: Progress made, lessons learned, and directions for future research
Authors: Brainin Michael , Teuschl Yvonne , Gelpi Ellen 
Published: May 2024

AbstractOne hundred years ago, an influenza pandemic swept across the globe that coincided with the development of a neurological condition, named "encephalitis lethargica" for the occurrence of its main symptom, the sudden onset of sleepiness that either developed into coma or gradually receded. Between 1917 and 1920, mortality of the flu was >20 million and of encephalitis lethargica approximately 1 million. For lessons to be learned from this pandemic, it makes sense to compare it with the COVID‐19 pandemic, which occurred 100 years later. Biomedical progress had enabled testing, vaccinations, and drug therapies accompanied by public health measures such as social distancing, contact tracing, wearing face masks, and frequent hand washing. From todays' perspective, these public health measures are time honored but not sufficiently proven effective, especially when applied in the context of a vaccination strategy. Also, the protective effects of lockdowns of schools, universities, and other institutions and the restrictions on travel and personal visits to hospitals or old‐age homes are not precisely known. Preparedness is still a demand for a future pandemic. Clinical trials should determine the comparative effectiveness of such public health measures, especially for their use as a combination strategy with vaccination and individual testing of asymptomatic individuals. It is important for neurologists to realize that during a pandemic the treatment possibilities for acute stroke and other neurological emergencies are reduced, which has previously led to an increase of mortality and suffering. To increase preparedness for a future pandemic, neurologists play an important role, as the case load of acute and chronic neurological patients will be higher as well as the needs for rehabilitation. Finally, new chronic forms of postviral disease will likely be added, as was the case for postencephalitic parkinsonism a century ago and now has occurred as long COVID.
Experimental approaches for induction of diabetes mellitus and assessment of antidiabetic activity: An in vitro and in vivo methodological review
Authors: Gavanji Shahin , Bakhtari Azizollah , Abdel‐latif Rania , Bencurova Elena , Othman Eman M. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundDiabetes mellitus poses a global health challenge, driving the need for innovative therapeutic solutions. Experimental methods play a crucial role in evaluating the efficacy of potential antidiabetic drugs, both in vitro and in vivo. Yet concerns about reproducibility persist, necessitating comprehensive reviews.ObjectivesThis review aims to outline experimental approaches for inducing diabetes and evaluating antidiabetic activity, synthesizing data from authoritative sources and academic literature.MethodsWe conducted a systematic search of prominent databases, including PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Scopus, to identify relevant articles spanning from 1943 to the present. A total of 132 articles were selected for inclusion in this review, focusing on in vitro and in vivo experimental validations of antidiabetic treatments.ResultsOur review highlights the diverse array of experimental methods employed for inducing diabetes mellitus and evaluating antidiabetic interventions. From cell culture assays to animal models, researchers have employed various techniques to study the effectiveness of novel therapeutic agents.ConclusionThis review provides a comprehensive guide to experimental approaches for assessing antidiabetic activity. By synthesizing data from a range of sources, we offer valuable insights into the current methodologies used in diabetes research. Standardizing protocols and enhancing reproducibility are critical for advancing effective antidiabetic treatments.
Damage to tropical forests caused by cyclones is driven by wind speed but mediated by topographical exposure and tree characteristics
Authors: Ibanez Thomas , Bauman David , Aiba Shin‐ichiro , Arsouze Thomas , Bellingham Peter J. , Birkinshaw Chris , Birnbaum Philippe , Curran Timothy J. , DeWalt Saara J. , Dwyer John , Fourcaud Thierry , Franklin Janet , Kohyama Takashi S. , Menkes Christophe , Metcalfe Dan J. , Murphy Helen , Muscarella Robert , Plunkett Gregory M. , Sam Chanel , Tanner Edmund , Taylor Benton N. , Thompson Jill , Ticktin Tamara , Tuiwawa Marika V. , Uriarte Maria , Webb Edward L. , Zimmerman Jess K. , Keppel Gunnar 
Published: May 2024

AbstractEach year, an average of 45 tropical cyclones affect coastal areas and potentially impact forests. The proportion of the most intense cyclones has increased over the past four decades and is predicted to continue to do so. Yet, it remains uncertain how topographical exposure and tree characteristics can mediate the damage caused by increasing wind speed. Here, we compiled empirical data on the damage caused by 11 cyclones occurring over the past 40 years, from 74 forest plots representing tropical regions worldwide, encompassing field data for 22,176 trees and 815 species. We reconstructed the wind structure of those tropical cyclones to estimate the maximum sustained wind speed (MSW) and wind direction at the studied plots. Then, we used a causal inference framework combined with Bayesian generalised linear mixed models to understand and quantify the causal effects of MSW, topographical exposure to wind (EXP), tree size (DBH) and species wood density (ρ) on the proportion of damaged trees at the community level, and on the probability of snapping or uprooting at the tree level. The probability of snapping or uprooting at the tree level and, hence, the proportion of damaged trees at the community level, increased with increasing MSW, and with increasing EXP accentuating the damaging effects of cyclones, in particular at higher wind speeds. Higher ρ decreased the probability of snapping and to a lesser extent of uprooting. Larger trees tended to have lower probabilities of snapping but increased probabilities of uprooting. Importantly, the effect of ρ decreasing the probabilities of snapping was more marked for smaller than larger trees and was further accentuated at higher MSW. Our work emphasises how local topography, tree size and species wood density together mediate cyclone damage to tropical forests, facilitating better predictions of the impacts of such disturbances in an increasingly windier world.
Machine‐learning classifier models for predicting sarcopenia in the elderly based on physical factors
Authors: Kim Jun‐hee 
Published: May 2024

AimAs the size of the elderly population gradually increases, musculoskeletal disorders, such as sarcopenia, are increasing. Diagnostic techniques such as X‐rays, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging are used to predict and diagnose sarcopenia, and methods using machine learning are gradually increasing. This study aimed to create a model that can predict sarcopenia using physical characteristics and activity‐related variables without medical diagnostic equipment, such as imaging equipment, for the elderly aged 60 years or older.MethodsA sarcopenia prediction model was constructed using public data obtained from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Models were built using Logistic Regression, Support Vector Machine (SVM), XGBoost, LightGBM, RandomForest, and Multi‐layer Perceptron Neural Network (MLP) algorithms, and the feature importance of the models trained with the algorithms, except for SVM and MLP, was analyzed.ResultsThe sarcopenia prediction model built with the LightGBM algorithm achieved the highest test accuracy, of 0.848. In constructing the LightGBM model, physical characteristic variables such as body mass index, weight, and waist circumference showed high importance, and activity‐related variables were also used in constructing the model.ConclusionsThe sarcopenia prediction model, which consisted of only physical characteristics and activity‐related factors, showed excellent performance. This model has the potential to assist in the early detection of sarcopenia in the elderly, especially in communities with limited access to medical resources or facilities. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2024; 24: 595–602.
Metabolic effects of switching to Biktarvy (B/F/TAF) in patients with HIV‐1 treated with antiretroviral regimens that do not include tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) or tenofovir alafenamide (TAF): The Metabic study
Authors: Busca‐Arenzana C. , Ortega‐González D. , Díaz‐Almirón M. , Montes M. L. , Martin‐Carbonero Luz , Mican R. , Montejano R. , Ramos‐Ruperto L. , Valencia Eulalia , Delgado‐Hierro Ana , Bernardino Jose I. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundStudies on switching to tenofovir alafenamide (TAF)‐based regimens raise concerns about a worse metabolic profile in people with HIV, even though most received tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) in their previous regimen. This study aims to evaluate changes in lipid fractions, glucose, and serum markers for hepatic steatosis (HS) after switching from a TDF‐ or TAF‐sparing regimen to bictegravir/emtricitabine/TAF (B/F/TAF).MethodsWe performed a retrospective cohort study of people with HIV who switched to B/F/TAF from TDF‐ or TAF‐sparing regimens between January 2019 and May 2022 with at least 6 months of follow‐up. The primary endpoint was the absolute change in lipid fractions at 6 months. Secondary outcomes were changes in lipid fractions at 12 months and changes in other metabolic parameters (glucose, creatinine, and HS based on the triglyceride‐to‐glucose [TyG] ratio at 6 and 12 months). Changes were analysed using mixed linear regression models with random intercept and time as a fixed effect.ResultsThe study included 259 people with HIV (median age 55 [interquartile range (IQR) 47–60] years; 80% male; 88% Caucasian; CD4+ T‐cell count 675 [IQR 450–880] cells/mm3; 84.3% HIV‐RNA <50 copies/mL). In total, 63 patients (30%) had hypertension, 93 (44%) dyslipidaemia, 30 (14%) diabetes, and 45% obesity/overweight. Most (60%) switched from integrase inhibitor‐based regimens, and 21% switched from a boosted regimen. At 6 months, significant reductions were observed in total cholesterol (−7.64 mg/dL [95% confidence interval (CI) −13.52 to −1.76; p = 0.002]), triglycerides (−23.4 [95% CI −42.07 to −4.65]; p = 0.003), and TyG ratio (−0.14 [95% CI −0.23 to −0.05]; p < 0.001).ConclusionIn our real‐life cohort, the effect of switching TDF‐/TAF‐sparing regimens to triple therapy with B/F/TAF improved total cholesterol, triglycerides, and serum markers of HS at 6 months and was neutral for the remaining metabolic parameters at 12 months.
Impact of financial literacy on consumer financial behavior: A systematic review and research agenda using TCCM framework
Authors: Negi Pushpa , Jaiswal Anand 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe primary objective of this study is to investigate the impact of financial literacy on consumer financial behavior through a systematic literature review. While numerous studies have explored this association, there is a lack of a comprehensive analysis that consolidates diverse insights and offers a holistic view. Our study addresses research questions, including the utilization of theoretical frameworks explaining the impact of financial literacy on consumer financial behavior. Also, we explore the diverse contexts encompassing industries, countries, and consumer types, involved in this relationship. We scrutinize the dependent, independent, control, mediating, and moderating variables involved, along with the methodological approaches utilized for assessing the impact. Employing the Theory, Context, Characteristics, and Methodology (TCCM) framework, we systematically analyzed 79 identified papers using the Scientific Procedures and Rationales for Systematic Literature Reviews (SPAR‐4‐SLR) protocol. The findings highlight the multifaceted factors shaping individuals' financial decisions and behaviors, shedding light on the complex dynamics prevalent across industries, countries, and consumer segments. Our review offers insights into future research directions, advocating the integration of fresh theories and innovative methodologies to enhance existing knowledge. This study significantly contributes to academic understanding and offers valuable guidance for policymakers, businesses, and educators seeking to enhance financial literacy education and shape positive consumer financial behaviors.
Nasal tip rotation flap for reconstruction of surgical defects on the distal nose
Authors: Rickstrew Jace , Neill Brett C. , Downing Malia , Cappel Jonathan A. , Tolkachjov Stanislav N. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe nose is a common site for the development of skin cancers. Mohs micrographic surgery (MMS) is a highly curative treatment for skin cancer of the nose. Reconstruction of MMS defects on the nose, especially on the distal aspect, can be challenging given the proximity of multiple subunits and limited adjacent tissue reservoirs. Our goal was to describe our experience using a nasal tip rotation flap (NTRF) for MMS defects on the distal nose.MethodsA retrospective review of all MMS cases at multiple institutions between June 2018 and June 2022 was undertaken. Cases that used an NTRF to repair the MMS defect(s) were selected, and data were collected on patient demographics, tumor type, anatomical location of the tumor, preoperative and postoperative size, number of stages needed to clear the tumor, repair dimensions, and any postoperative complications.ResultsA total of 66 cases that utilized an NTRF for reconstruction were included. The mean preoperative tumor size was 0.8 cm (range: 0.3–1.6 cm), and the mean defect size was 1.2 cm (range: 0.7–1.9 cm). The defects were most commonly on the nasal tip. There were no significant complications observed.ConclusionsThe nasal tip rotation flap is a reliable reconstruction option for MMS defects of the distal nose. This flap can be used for defects that involve the nasal tip, soft triangle, and/or portions of the ala, including the alar rim.
Microbiological quality and safety of non‐treated fresh and squeezed juices from supermarkets in Lleida, Spain
Authors: Neggazi Isma , Colás‐Medà Pilar , Viñas Inmaculada , Alegre Isabel 
Published: May 2024

SummaryThe growing consumption of untreated juices has increased the outbreaks related to Salmonella spp., Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Listeria monocytogenes. Although these pathogens are not in favourable conditions in fruit juices, cases of survival in acidic environments have been reported in fruit and vegetable juices. Thus, this study has evaluated the microbiological quality (total aerobic mesophilic microorganisms (TAM), moulds and yeasts, total coliforms (TC) and E. coli populations) and investigated the occurrence of foodborne pathogens (Salmonella spp. and L. monocytogenes) in 100 fresh (blended) and self‐service (monovarietal) untreated juices. Concerning the obtained results, pH was higher for fresh juices than for self‐service juices. The results showed great variability in TAM, moulds and yeasts and TC populations. For TAM, the results ranged from 1.7 to 7.4 log cfu mL−1. Values for moulds and yeasts, ranged from below detection limit (<10 cfu mL−1) to 5.9 log cfu mL−1. And for TC, results went from below detection limit (<1 cfu mL−1) to 4.4 log cfu mL−1. However, significant differences were only observed between the two types of samples in TC, being higher in fresh juices than in self‐service juices. For E. coli enumeration, all the samples were below the detection limit (1 cfu mL−1). Finally, no Salmonella spp. or L. monocytogenes were detected in 25 mL of sample. All analysed samples complied the requirements from European regulation.
Antifungal activity of alginate coatings with essential oil of Mexican oregano incorporated in the stem of tomatoes
Authors: Hernández‐Figueroa Ricardo H. , Mani‐López Emma , López‐Malo Aurelio 
Published: May 2024

SummaryAdding natural antimicrobials such as essential oils (EOs) to alginate coatings on fruits provides an antifungal effect and a semipermeable water vapour barrier. This work aims to evaluate the antifungal effect of Lippia berlandieri S. (Mexican oregano) EO incorporated into alginate to coat tomato stems inoculated with Penicillium commune, Fusarium spp., or Cladosporium herbarum. Alginate films and coatings with EO concentrations (0%, 0.25%, 0.75%, 1%, 2%, or 4% v/v) were prepared to evaluate their properties (physical, mechanical, and water vapour transmission rates) as well as their effect on mould growth on tomato stems for 28 days during refrigerated storage. Mould growth was described with probabilistic and time‐to‐growth predictive models. Two treatment types were assessed (tomato inoculated and coated, TIC, and tomato coated and inoculated, TCI) to provide information about the moment of mould contamination (before or after coating). EO concentration influenced the alginate films' physical, mechanical, and barrier properties. Testing the coatings against moulds revealed varying inhibitory effects. Fusarium spp. exhibited the highest resistance, while C. herbarum was the most susceptible. The predictive models appropriately described the probability of growth or the time‐to‐growth of the studied moulds, identifying critical concentrations of oregano EO needed to inhibit mould growth effectively. The findings suggest that alginate coatings with oregano EO can serve as a natural and effective antifungal treatment for tomatoes, offering insights into optimal concentrations and application methods for extended shelf life.