bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Actitud, conocimiento y práctica preventiva de la tuberculosis en estudiantes de medicina
Authors: Caravantes Armas Ricardo Andrés , Cruz Chang Luisa María 
Published: June 2024

Introducción: La tuberculosis (TB) es un desafío global en la salud pública. Para garantizar una atención clínica efectiva, es crucial que los futuros médicos estén preparados para abordar la enfermedad desde un enfoque clínico efectivo y basado en evidencia. Objetivo: Evaluar el conocimiento, las actitudes y las prácticas relacionadas con la TB en estudiantes de medicina, especialmente aquellos próximos a prácticas clínicas en hospitales. Metodología: Se llevó a cabo un estudio transversal entre abril y mayo de 2023 con estudiantes de medicina de primer a cuarto año de la Universidad Francisco Marroquín (UFM). Para la recolección de datos, se empleó un cuestionario previamente validado. El análisis estadístico de los datos se realizó utilizando el software STATA. Resultados: Este estudio observacional revela deficiencias en la comprensión de la tuberculosis entre estudiantes de medicina, particularmente en los primeros años. Aunque la mayoría reconoce la transmisión aérea, el conocimiento detallado y las prácticas de prevención son insuficientes, lo cual evidencia una falta de educación estructurada y específica sobre la enfermedad. Se observó una dependencia de fuentes menos fiables como medios de comunicación en los cursos inferiores. La interpretación estadística precisa y el uso coherente de unidades de medida son necesarios para clarificar los resultados y mejorar la relevancia del estudio en la formación médica. Conclusión: Se identificó un aumento en el conocimiento de la tuberculosis con el avance académico, con deficiencias significativas. Notablemente, se observó un conocimiento insuficiente en lo que respecta a las prácticas preventivas y al reconocimiento de síntomas entre estudiantes.
Periocular Manifestation in Acute Atopic Dermatitis in a Paediatric Patient. A Case Report
Authors: Flores Sáenz Manuel , Rodríguez Redondo Julia 
Published: June 2024

Atopic dermatitis is a chronic skin condition characterized by itchy, scaly, and crusted lesions, most commonly affecting infants and children. The condition presents with intense pruritus and a chronic course with exacerbations. Periorbital involvement is expected due to the thin and sensitive skin in this area, and the inflammation can be exacerbated by rubbing or scratching. This case reports a 5-year-old girl with bilateral periorbital inflammation that had been present for 4 hours. She had a history of atopic dermatitis and no known surgical history or medication allergies but was allergic to shellfish. No medication or topical cream was administered for the described episode. Upon waking up, she presented with newly developed periorbital inflammation. She had not consumed any food to which she was known to be allergic, and there had been no increase in eyelid scratching. There was no recollection of contact with any toxic agents. During the physical examination, erythematous scaly plaques were observed on both cheeks, chin, and neck, and periorbital inflammation accompanied by eyelid and periorbital Dennie-Morgan fold. The primary diagnosis was periorbital atopic dermatitis in the context of an acute atopic dermatitis flare-up. The prescribed treatment included prednisolone acetate (Estilsona) for five days and pimecrolimus for the atopic dermatitis. Atopic dermatitis is a complex condition with a multifactorial aetiology, and its management can be challenging. Further research is needed to develop more effective treatments for atopic dermatitis.
UPAYA MEREDUKSI PERILAKU BULLYING MELALUI BIMBINGAN KELOMPOK DENGAN TEKNIK ROLE PLAYING PADA SISWA MTS NEGERI 1 PADANGSIDIMPUAN
Authors: Torang Siregar  , Marsigit  , Atmini  , R Rosnawati  , Karyati  
Published: June 2024

Abstrak
Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui upaya mereduksi perilaku bullying melalui bimbingan dengan teknik role playing pada siswa MTs Negeri 1 Padangsidimpuan. Manfaat penelitian tindakan bimbingan konseling adalah sebagai berikut : Meningkatkan pemahaman siswa tentang perilaku bullying, Membuat tindakan kuratif yang tepat yang bisa dilakukan oleh steakholder madrasah, Mengurangi perilaku bullying di madrasah. Bullying yang terjadi di MTsN 1 Padangsidimpuan tidak hanya terjadi antar siswa laki-laki saja, hal ini juga umum terjadi pada siswa perempuan. Namun bullying yang terjadi antar siswa laki-laki biasanya berupa bully fisik dan verbal sedangkan bullying yang biasanya terjadi antar siswa perempuan dengan verbal dan/atau melalu media sosial (cyber bully). Frekuensi pengaduan yang tinggi di madrasah menggambarkan kasus bullying sering terjadi. Terkadang kasus bully terjadi karena disengaja maupun tidak disengaja. Role play adalah campuran antara terapi conditioned refleks (reflek terkondisi) dari salter, teknik psikodrama dari Moreno,dan fixed role terapy (terapi peran tetap) dari Kelly. Pada kebanyakan role play pemeran memainkan peranannya sendiri, peran orang lain, sebuah keadaan di seputar situasi, atau rekasi-raksinya sendiri. Orang itu kemudian menerima umpan balik oleh konselor professional atau para anggota kelompok jika role play dilakukan dalam konteks kerja kelompok. Teknik ini di pilih karena membuat siswa dapat merasakan secara langsung berperan sebagai pelaku, korban maupun saksi. Sehingga emosi, perasaan dan penilaian yang positif dapat langsung dirasakan oleh siswa. Maka dari itu, peneliti mengambil PTBK dengan judul “Upaya Mereduksi Perilaku Bulliying Dengan Teknik Role Playing Pada Siswa Mts Negeri 1 Padangsidimpuan”
PENINGKATAN MUTU AIR SUMUR SIAP MINUM MELALUI FILTRASI DENGAN BIAYA EKONOMIS
Authors: Suharjo  , Abdul Hamid  , Kiantoro  , Arby Pratama Putra Rosmin  
Published: June 2024

Water is one of important substance for human being. Good water for daily needs has to be clean, no colour and odorless. Other than that for consumtion good water also has to contain important minerals needed by human body. The villagers of Kampung Melayu RW 01 Kelurahan Setokok , Kecamatan Bulang uses rain water and digging well to get water for their daily needs. This water does not meet basic requirements for daily needs. In community service activity programme in 2020, the students of Mechanical Engineering of Engineering Faculty Uniba conducted education for the villagers on the importance of clean water for life and how to get it at low cost. The education focused on technical matter to get clean water by filtration system. Filtration method uses plastic bottle, gravel, cotton, charcoal and water tubing to purify water. After purification by filtration system water meets all requirements as stated in Indonesian Goverment Law Number 20 year 1990 on water quality standard.

Keyword: filtration, purification, standard water.
Les espaces ouverts urbains comme bien commun
Authors: A. Arvanitidis Paschalis , Papagiannitsis George , Anthopoulou Theodosia 
Published: June 2024

Les espaces ouverts améliorent la qualité de vie des citadins en leur offrant un cadre de reconnexion avec la nature, de socialisation et d’engagement civique. Cependant, leur gestion traditionnelle par l’État a rencontré en Grèce des difficultés dans un contexte de réduction des ressources publiques. Certains espaces ouverts ne sont plus entretenus, leur qualité se détériore et ils sont moins utilisés. À travers le cas du parc communautaire de Navarinou au centre d’Athènes, cet article introduit et évalue le potentiel des « communs » comme régime alternatif pour gérer efficacement de tels espaces. L’article décrit les caractéristiques de base de ces communs considérés comme une institution socio-économique (à travers le triptyque : ressource commune, communauté, structure de gouvernance). Il révèle le rôle clef de l’acceptation et la reconnaissance sociales pour leur viabilité.
Occuper et mettre en commun pour conquérir le droit à la ville
Authors: Filhol Romain 
Published: June 2024

À travers le récit et l’analyse de l’expérience menée par les activistes du centre social autogéré Ex-Canapificio de Caserte (1995-2023), cet article met en lumière la façon dont l’occupation et la mise en commun des espaces vacants contribuent à la production « par le bas » d’une ville plus juste et solidaire. Cette conquête en acte du droit à la ville passe par différentes batailles menées durant trois décennies par les activistes de l’Ex-Canapificio. Elle est analysée en termes d’organisation et de stratégie militante et en termes de rapport à la légalité et aux institutions.
Humani generis, une encyclique française ?
Authors: Fouilloux Étienne 
Published: June 2024

Le dossier de fabrication de l’encyclique au Saint-Office permet de supprimer le point d’interrogation. Humani generis est l’aboutissement de ce qui ne devait être qu’une instruction du Saint-Office à l’encontre de tendances théologiques présentes parmi les jésuites français. Au fil de ses cinq versions successives, et sur indication pontificale, le texte en préparation est devenu une encyclique d’ampleur universelle ne citant aucun nom et dépourvue du syllabus qui devait l’accompagner. Des jésuites, proches du pape ou du préposé général Janssens, ont joué, avec Mgr Parente, un rôle important dans sa rédaction.
Les épurations d’après-guerre dans le protectorat français de Tunisie
Authors: Oppizzi Martino 
Published: June 2024

Une fois achevée l’éphémère occupation militaire de l’Axe (novembre 1942-mai 1943), la Tunisie devint le théâtre d’une épuration politique dirigée par les autorités coloniales françaises contre la communauté italienne, accusée d’avoir été la cinquième colonne du régime fasciste. Les juifs italiens, qui constituaient tout à la fois une minorité religieuse et une élite sociale, se trouvèrent frappés en raison de leur appartenance nationale, en dépit des persécutions antisémites dont ils avaient été l’objet pendant la guerre. Sur la base de fonds d’archives rarement exploités et d’un corpus de témoignages des anciens ressortissants de la collectivité juive italienne de l’époque, il s’agit de comprendre les dispositifs et les normes répressives anti-italiennes adoptés en Tunisie pendant la transition entre la guerre et l’après-guerre, aussi bien que leur application aux minorités caractérisées par une identité plurielle.
Les pesticides, un risque pour la santé ?
Authors: Bühler Nolwenn , Waeber Sarah 
Published: June 2024

Cet article se penche sur la façon dont les incertitudes et la confusion liées au danger des pesticides pour la santé se construisent au quotidien chez les professionnel·les agricoles du canton de Vaud (Suisse). S’appuyant sur les études de la « fabrique de l’ignorance » (Counil & Henry, 2016 ; Dedieu, 2022), l’article propose d’étudier le rôle des agriculteur·rices dans le maintien de la confusion autour de la toxicité de ces produits. En mettant l’accent sur les savoirs expérientiels (Rabeharisoa et al., 2014), l’article présente deux dynamiques de production de l’ignorance opérant dans ce contexte. D’une part, nous examinons le rôle central des expériences corporelles et sensibles dans la création d’une « ignorance loop » (Durant, 2020), soit un cycle itératif de co-constitution de l'ignorance. D’autre part, nous nous demandons comment les pratiques quotidiennes de gestion des pesticides influencent les dynamiques de confiance et de méfiance à l’œuvre dans le rapport des agriculteur·rices aux autorités qui homologuent et régulent les pesticides, ainsi que dans leur rapport à la science. Cette analyse souligne l’importance de la dépendance des agriculteur·rices au système agro-alimentaire, ainsi que les effets délétères de la stigmatisation à laquelle cette profession est confrontée, comme deux éléments majeurs participant à entretenir la confusion et l’ignorance sur la dangerosité des pesticides.
Simulation Training for Emergency Sternotomy in the Cardiovascular Intensive Care Unit
Authors: Tsiouris Athanasios , Protos Adam N. , Keys Victoria D. , Chambers Deanna , Jeyakumar Ashok Kumar Coimbatore , Shake Jay G. 
Published: June 2024

Background
Emergency resternotomy in the intensive care unit for a patient who has undergone cardiac surgery can be daunting for surgeons and critical care staff. Clinicians involved are often unfamiliar with the surgical instruments and techniques needed.

Local Problem
After an emergency intensive care unit resternotomy resulted in suboptimal performance and outcome, protocols for emergency resternotomy were established and improved.

Methods
Education and simulation training were used to improve staff comfort and familiarity with the needed techniques and supplies. The training intervention included simulations to provide hands-on experience, improve staff familiarity with resternotomy trays, and streamline emergency sternotomy protocols. Preintervention and postintervention surveys were used to assess participants’ familiarity with the implemented plans and algorithms.

Results
All 44 participants (100%) completed the preintervention survey, and 41 of 44 participants (93%) returned the postintervention survey. After the intervention, 95% of respondents agreed that they were prepared to be members of the team for an emergency intensive care unit sternotomy, compared with 52% of respondents before the intervention. After the intervention, 95% of respondents strongly agreed or agreed that they could identify patients who might need emergency sternotomy, compared with 50% before the intervention. The results also showed improvement in staff members’ understanding of team roles, activation and use of the emergency sternotomy protocol, and differences between guidelines for resuscitating patients who experience cardiac arrest after cardiac surgery and the post–cardiac arrest Advanced Cardiovascular Life Support protocol.

Conclusion
Results of this quality improvement project suggest that simulation training improves staff comfort with and understanding of emergency resternotomy.
Rapid Nurse Training to Meet Surge Capacity: An Integrative Review
Authors: Chilson Sarah , Charais Chantel , Jones Joshua , Goforth Carl 
Published: June 2024

Background
The COVID-19 pandemic resulted in unprecedented health care challenges and transformation of nursing practice. A significant challenge faced by health care systems was the rapid identification and training of nurses in various specialties, including critical care, to care for a large influx of critically ill patients.

Objective
To identify common themes and modalities that support best practices for the rapid training of registered nurses in team-based critical care nursing.

Methods
With the Whittemore and Knafl integrative review methodology as a framework, a literature review was conducted using a priori search terms.

Results
The integrative review included 11 articles and revealed 3 common themes: communication challenges, team dynamics, and the methodological approach to implementing training.

Discussion
This integrative review highlighted 3 main implications for future practice and policy in the event of another pandemic. Clear and frequent communication, multidisciplinary huddles, and open communication are paramount for mitigating role confusion and enhancing team dynamics. A multimodal approach to training appears to be feasible and effective for rapidly training support registered nurses to care for critically ill patients. However, the optimal training duration remains unidentified.

Conclusions
Rapidly training registered nurses to care for critically ill patients in a team-based dynamic is a safe and effective course of action to mitigate staff shortages if another pandemic occurs.
A Review of Chlorhexidine Oral Care in Patients Receiving Mechanical Ventilation
Authors: Simmons Jennifer S. Carroll , Bourgault Annette M. , Sole Mary Lou , Peach Brian C. 
Published: June 2024

Background
Chlorhexidine gluconate has been considered the criterion standard of oral care for patients receiving mechanical ventilation because of its ability to reduce the incidence of ventilator-associated events. Optimal concentrations and frequencies remain unclear, as do adverse events related to mortality in various intensive care unit populations.

Objective
To examine the current evidence for the efficacy of chlorhexidine gluconate in reducing the incidence of ventilator-associated events, mortality, intensive care unit length of stay, and duration of mechanical ventilation in patients receiving ventilator support.

Methods
In this integrative review, CINAHL (Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature), MEDLINE, and Health Source: Nursing/Academic Edition were searched using terms related to mechanical ventilation and chlorhexidine gluconate oral care with dates ranging from 2012 to 2023.

Results
Seventeen articles were included in this review: 8 systematic reviews, 8 randomized clinical trials (3 of which were not included in any systematic review), and 1 quasi-experimental study. Chlorhexidine gluconate oral care was associated with a reduced incidence of ventilator-associated events, but efficacy depended on concentration and frequency of administration. With stratification by intensive care unit population type, a nonsignificant trend toward increased mortality was found among non–cardiac surgical patients who received this care.

Conclusion
The evidence regarding the efficacy of chlorhexidine gluconate oral care in reducing ventilator-associated events in specific intensive care unit populations is contradictory. Recently published guidelines recommend de-implementation of chlorhexidine gluconate oral care in all patients receiving mechanical ventilation. Such care may be beneficial only in the cardiac surgical population.
Comparative study between fundus fluorescein angiography and optical coherence tomography angiography in evaluation of diabetic maculopathy
Authors: Zaky Marwa A. , Hamed Walaa R. , Marey Hatem M. , El Ghoubashy Esraa S. 
Published: June 2024

Background
Diabetic maculopathy is a serious consequence of diabetic retinopathy (DR) that greatly affects the visual acuity. Diabetic macular edema (DME) and diabetic macular ischemia (DMI) are major causes of vision affection in diabetic patients.

Purpose
The aim of this study was to compare fluorescein angiography (FA) and optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) in evaluation of diabetic maculopathy.

Patients and methods
This comparative cross-sectional study was performed on 87 eyes of 54 patients with type I or type II diabetes, older than 18 years old with any diabetic retinal changes, and 108 eyes of 54 control subjects. An ocular examination was performed as well as color fundus photography, FA, and OCTA. Investigations were done on the same day. FA and OCTA findings were summarized and compared.

Results
The mean age of the patients was 59.4±8.5 years. OCTA was statistically significantly superior to FA in diagnosing DMI. The foveal avascular zone (FAZ) was ischemic (enlarged) in 74 (85.06%) eyes by OCTA compared with only 46 (52.87%) eyes by FA, with a statistically significant difference (P = 0.001). In addition, OCTA detected microaneurysms significantly more than FA (P = 0.001). The mean FAZ area of the control eyes by OCTA was significantly less than in the ischemic eyes (U = 56.602, P < 0.001), while the superficial capillary plexus (SCP) vascular density (VD) and the deep capillary plexus (DCP) VD in the control eyes was statistically significantly higher than in the ischemic eyes (U = 36.984, P < 0.001, and U = 35.955, P < 0.001, respectively). FA showed diffuse leakage (edema) at the macula as the most common pattern of DME that was detected in 37.9% of the eyes followed by focal macular leakage in 18.4% of the eyes and cystoid leakage in 8% of the eyes while 35.5% of the eyes showed no macular edema.

Conclusion
OCTA is a cornerstone in DMI diagnosis both qualitatively and quantitatively. In addition, it is essential in evaluating the deep retinal vasculature, while FA is essential in diabetic retinopathy grading and in the diagnosis of DME in a qualitative manner. Both investigations are complementary to each other in diabetic maculopathy evaluation.
Prevalence of refractive errors and visual impairment due to refractive errors among school children in Cairo, Egypt
Authors: Mahmoud Doaa A. , Mansour Mona N. 
Published: June 2024

Aim
The aim of this research was to study the distribution and patterns of refractive errors (REs) among school children and the incidence of amblyopia in each type.

Patients and methods
This is an observational nonrandomized population-based cross-sectional study that included children aged 6-18 years attending the Outpatient Clinic of Al-Zahraa University Hospital, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt. All children were subjected to comprehensive eye examination including best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), expressed in LogMAR, cycloplegic REs that was documented using a NIDEK auto-refractometer-keratometer, cover-uncover testing, and fundus examination. The prevalence of REs, amblyopia, and anisometropia was estimated.

Results
The study included 960 children (1920 eyes), with a mean age of 13.08±3.41 years. Emmetropia was found in 834 (43.4%) eyes, while myopia was reported in 587 (30.6%) eyes, hypermetropia in 114 (5.9%) eyes, and myopic astigmatism in 385 (20%) eyes. Anisometropia was reported in 65 (6.77%) children, while amblyopia was found in 49 (5.1%) eyes. The amblyopia prevalence was statistically significantly higher among the hypermetropic group (3.9%) than the myopic astigmatism group (1.2%), (P = 0.031).

Conclusion
The overall prevalence of REs among the examined children was 56.6% mainly myopia followed by myopic astigmatism and lastly hypermetropia. This draws the attention to the increased incidence of myopia which needs further social studies.