bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluating Hearing Status and Word Recognition Ability in the Hmong Population Using Four Validated Monosyllabic White Hmong Dialect Word Recognition Tests
Authors: Lor Maichou , O'Donnell Elizabeth , Brown Roger , Mravec Amanda E. , Misurelli Sara M. 
Published: April 2024

Purpose:
The study's aims were (a) to evaluate hearing status and (b) word recognition ability of Hmong speakers using four validated monosyllabic word recognition tests in the White Hmong dialect and (c) to assess the relationship between the participant's language and the average word recognition percent correct scores, adjusting for age, gender, and degree of hearing loss.

Method:
Participants listened to two randomly assigned validated Hmong word lists (male/female talker) for each ear. Pure-tone air- and bone-conduction thresholds as well as word recognition ability were measured. Descriptive statistics were calculated to analyze the percent correct of word lists and classify hearing status. A nonparametric regression analysis was used to assess the relationship between the participant's language and the average word recognition percent correct scores, adjusting for age, gender, and degree of hearing loss.

Results:

Forty-eight Hmong (25 females, 23 males;
M
age
= 44.4) participated in this study. Thirty-three participants had hearing loss in at least one ear, and 15 had hearing within normal limits bilaterally. Participants with normal, mild, or steeply sloping hearing loss reached an average word recognition score of > 94% on Hmong lists by both male and female talkers. Participants with moderate-to-severe hearing loss scored 68% on average for the male talker Hmong lists and 60% on average for the female talker Hmong lists. Gender was significantly positively associated with average word recognition percent correct on the female word lists (
b
= −0.224,
p
= .047) but not statistically significant for the male word lists (
b
= 7.579,
p
= .141).

Conclusion:
Findings provide support for the use of the four Hmong word lists in clinical settings.
Dynamical modelling and the origin of gas turbulence in z ∼ 4.5 galaxies
Authors: Roman-Oliveira F. , Rizzo F. , Fraternali F. 
Published: April 2024

Context. In recent years, a growing number of regularly rotating galaxy discs have been found at z ≥ 4. Such systems provide us with the unique opportunity to study the properties of dark matter (DM) halos at these early epochs, the turbulence within the interstellar medium and the evolution of scaling relations.
Aims. Here, we investigate the dynamics of four gas discs in galaxies at z ∼ 4.5 observed with ALMA in the [CII] 158 μm fine-structure line. We aim to derive the structural properties of the gas, stars and DM halos of the galaxies and to study the mechanisms driving the turbulence in high-z discs.
Methods. We decomposed the rotation curves into baryonic and DM components within the extent of the [CII] discs, that is, 3 to 5 kpc. Furthermore, we used the gas velocity dispersion profiles as a diagnostic tool in investigating the mechanisms driving the turbulence in the discs.
Results. We obtain total stellar, gas and DM masses in the ranges of log(M/M⊙) = 10.3 − 11.0, 9.8 − 11.3, and 11.2 − 13.3, respectively. We find dynamical evidence in all four galaxies for the presence of compact stellar components conceivably, stellar bulges. The turbulence present in the galaxies appears to be primarily driven by stellar feedback, negating the necessity for large-scale gravitational instabilities. Finally, we investigate the position of our galaxies in the context of local scaling relations, in particular the stellar-to-halo mass and Tully–Fisher analogue relations.
AstroSat observations of interacting galaxies NGC 7469 and IC 5283
Authors: Samantaray A. S. , Jassal H. K. , Singh K. P. , Dewangan G. C. 
Published: April 2024

Aims.We carry out deep near-ultrviolet (NUV) and far-ultrviolet (FUV) imaging of an interacting galaxy system, comprised of a Seyfert type 1 galaxy NGC 7469 and its companion IC 5283. Our aim is to resolve and map the star-forming regions in the outer arms and look for signs of interaction between the two galaxies.Methods.We used AstroSat Ultra Violet Imaging Telescope (UVIT) to obtain NUV and FUV images of NGC 7469 in a range of filters. We have carried out photometry of star-forming regions in the two galaxies and found their spatial distributions. We also obtained the distributions of star formation rates (SFR) in NGC 7469 and IC 5283 using the estimates obtained from the FUV and NUV bands. We also carried out Kolmogorov-Smirnov tests to look for differences in the SFRs in the two galaxies. We derived the spectral energy distribution (SED), leading to the determination of physical parameters, including the overall SFR, stellar mass (M*), dust mass (MDust), and specific star formation rates (sSFRs) in both the galaxies.Results.Our NUV and FUV images show the presence of an outer spiral arm that is better resolved. We have identified 33 new star-forming regions out of 51 total identified in the UVIT composite image. Enhanced star formation activity is observed to coincide with the interaction, and KS tests show that there are no significant differences in the SFR distributions of NGC 7469 and IC 5283, indicating that the interaction between the galaxies has not influenced their star formation processes differently. The SED plots and the photometric results demonstrate that most of the star formation activity is confined inside the central starburst (SB) ring.
The puzzling orbital residuals of XTE J1710–281: Is a Jovian planet orbiting the binary system?
Authors: Iaria R. , Di Salvo T. , Anitra A. , Miceli C. , Leone W. , Maraventano C. , Barra F. , Riggio A. , Sanna A. , Manca A. , Burderi L. 
Published: April 2024

Aims. XTE J1710−281 is a transient eclipsing binary system with a period close to 3.28 h that hosts a neutron star. The average eclipse duration is 420 s, and eclipse arrival times reported in the literature span from 1999 to 2017. A previous analysis of the eclipse arrival times using the eclipse timing technique revealed a complex pattern of delays, indicating the presence of three orbital glitches. These glitches correspond to sudden variations in the orbital period and allow for the identification of four distinct epochs, during which the orbital period derivative was estimated to be −1.8 × 10−12 s s−1, 0.07 × 10−12 s s−1, −1.8 × 10−12 s s−1, and 0.09 × 10−12 s s−1, respectively.
Methods. We reanalyzed the 78 eclipse arrival times spanning 18 years utilizing the eclipse timing technique to derive the corresponding delays as a function of time.
Results. We find that the observed delays align well with a fitting model that employs an eccentric sine function characterized by an amplitude of 6.1 ± 0.5 s, an eccentricity of 0.38 ± 0.17, and a period of 17.1 ± 1.5 years. Additionally, we identified the orbital period to be 3.28106345(13) h, with a reference epoch of T0 = 54112.83200(2) MJD. We obtained an upper limit to the orbital period derivative of 3.6 × 10−13 s s−1.
Conclusions. From the average value of the eclipse duration, we estimate that the companion star has a mass of 0.22 M⊙ for a neutron star mass of 1.4 M⊙ and that the inclination of the source is 78.1−1.2+1.5°. The companion star is in thermal equilibrium. The orbital period derivative is consistent with a conservative mass transfer scenario, where the angular momentum loss due to magnetic braking dominates over gravitational radiation angular momentum loss if the former is present. The eccentric modulation can be explained by a third body with a mass of 2.7 Jovian masses, orbiting with a revolution period close to 17 years and an eccentricity of 0.38.
Patient perception of meander-like versus radial breast
ultrasound
Authors: Brasier-Lutz Pascale , Jäggi-Wickes Claudia , Schädelin Sabine , Burian Rosemarie , Schoenenberger Cora-Ann , Zanetti-Dällenbach Rosanna 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background Radial breast ultrasound scanning (r-US) and commonly used
meander-like ultrasound scanning (m-US) have recently been shown to be equally
sensitive and specific with regard to the detection of breast malignancies. As
patient satisfaction has a strong influence on patient compliance and thus on
the quality of health care, we compare here the two US scanning techniques with
regard to patient comfort during breast ultrasound (BUS) and analyze whether the
patient has a preference for either scanning technique.
Materials and Methods Symptomatic and asymptomatic women underwent both
m-US and r-US scanning by two different examiners. Patient comfort and
preference were assessed using a visual analog scale-based (VAS) questionnaire
and were compared using a Mann-Whitney U test.
Results Analysis of 422 VAS-based questionnaires showed that perceived
comfort with r-US (r-VAS 8 cm, IQR [5.3, 9.1]) was significantly higher compared
to m-US (m-VAS 5.6 cm, IQR [5.2, 7.4]) (p < 0.001). 53.8% of patients had no
preference, 44.3% of patients clearly preferred r-US, whereas only 1.9% of
patients preferred m-US. Conclusion: Patients experience a higher level of
comfort with r-US and favor r-US over m-US. As the diagnostic accuracy of r-US
has been shown to be comparable to that of m-US and the time required for
examination is shorter, a switch from m-US to r-US in routine clinical practice
might be beneficial. R-US offers considerable potential to positively affect
patient compliance but also to save examination time and thus costs.
Osteonecrose do tálus pós-quimioterapia: Relato de caso
Authors: Barros Larissa Macedo , Cortez Pedro Paulo Ribeiro , Souza Emanuella Vaccarezza de , Mendes Eugênio Cesar 
Published: April 2024

ResumoEste trabalho descreveu um caso de osteonecrose do tálus em um adolescente de 13 anos do sexo feminino com diagnóstico de leucemia linfocítica aguda do tipo T, submetido à quimioterapia e tratamento com glicocorticoides, atendido no Setor de Ortopedia e Traumatologia da nossa instituição. Após aproximadamente seis meses de tratamento, a paciente começou a queixar-se de dores esporádicas no tornozelo esquerdo com piora progressiva. A cintilografia óssea e ressonância magnética dos tornozelos evidenciaram a presença de osteonecrose avascular do corpo do tálus bilateral. Optou-se pelo tratamento não cirúrgico com analgesia e anti-inflamatórios, além de retirada da carga associada à utilização de imobilização do tipo tutor extramedular por quatro semanas, seguida por reabilitação fisioterápica com analgesia e aumento progressivo da carga.
Verbal marking, intransitivity, and argument structure
Authors: Chen Cheng-Fu 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
This paper provides an intransitive analysis for an array of predicates which exhibit specific marking patterns in
Budai Rukai. Contra previous lexical approaches, it is argued that a verbal prefix found on the predicates instantiates a
functional head v, which constructs an intransitive vP. Its spell-out form is conditioned by its
interaction with other higher functional categories, including tense, causative, passive, and complementizer. With respect to
intransitivity, the resulting vP does not admit an accusative object, and it exhibits unergative, unaccusative,
and anticausative properties. Regarding argument structure, these predicates are mostly one-place predicates. The sole argument is
the grammatical subject which usually denotes an affected theme or an experiencer.
Considering the human-animal bond in developing One Health guidelines and standards for companion animals in humanitarian crises
Authors: O’Carroll Andrew , La Jeunesse Carrie , Lawry Lynn Lieberman 
Published: April 2024

AbstractEstablishing international One Health guidelines and standards for the evacuation and care of small companion animals in humanitarian crises is essential to protect the overall well-being of people and pets impacted, improve efficacy and safety of response operations, safeguard public health and biosecurity, and mitigate the impacts of free-roaming pets on the environment and biodiversity. Given predictably larger scale and more frequent crises due to climate change and human conflict or violence, it is increasingly important to consider and plan for the impacts that invariably result when both people and pets are displaced.One Health impact statementCurrently, there is a prominent focus on One Health approaches to plan for and respond to emerging infectious disease threats as they impact human physical and public health. Much less attention has been paid to all-hazards disaster preparedness and planning (DPP) that comprehensively addresses the myriad additional ways humans, other animals, and the environment are impacted by co-displacement of pets and people.If applied, One Health approaches to DPP for humanitarian crises would address a broader range of risks and harms and build the cross-disciplinary collaborations and platforms necessary to truly plan and prepare for “all hazards.” This approach also provides an exceptional opportunity to elevate One Health understanding among both professionals and the public when disaster planning initiatives are developed with, and shared among, communities around the world.
Final report of APMP.AUV.V-S2: supplementary comparison on calibration of laser tachometers using mechanical generators or optical simulators
Authors: Qiao Sun , Lei Du , Yulin Chen , Shan Cui , Jianqiang Mou , Ruiz Manuel M , Digay Sarah Jane T , Rattanangkul Pairoj , Bore Calvin , Mostafa Aly Ibrahim , Hawary Mohamed El 
Published: April 2024

Main text
This is the final report for APMP supplementary comparison APMP.AUV.V-S2 in the area of 'vibration' (quantity of rotational speed). The aim of this comparison was to compare primary measurements of rotational speed in the range from 30 r/min to 99 996 r/min. Six Metrology Institutes from two RMOs, APMP and AFRIMETS, have participated in the comparison with the National Institute of Metrology, P.R. China as the pilot lab. NIM, NMC and NIS used a mechanical generator for calibration, with expanded uncertainties in the order from 10-3 to 10-5. NML, NIMT and KEBS used an optical simulator for calibration, with expanded uncertainties in the order from 10-4 to 10-5. All the participating laboratories provided their calibration results, which were all consistent within their declared expanded uncertainties for the measurement results. Each participant contributed to the SCRVs calculated for five rotational speed comparison values of two laser tachometers, NLYZ-02 and 03, except that NIS's measurement results of NLYZ-03 are invalid. Smaller measurement uncertainties than the order of 10-5 for the calibration of laser tachometers are difficult to achieve for either mechanical generators or optical simulators with the current technology of rotational speed standard devices and laser tachometers.
To reach the main text of this paper, click on Final Report. Note that this text is that which appears in Appendix B of the BIPM key comparison database https://www.bipm.org/kcdb/.
The final report has been peer-reviewed and approved for publication by the CCAUV, according to the provisions of the CIPM Mutual Recognition Arrangement (CIPM MRA).
Electron acceleration influenced by sinh-Gaussian laser pulses in a prepared ion channel
Authors: Ghotra Harjit Singh 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The acceleration of electron in a produced ion channel is studied theoretically using a sinh-Gaussian (shG) laser pulse with radial polarization. Compared to Gaussian laser pulses, shG laser pulses propagate differently, presenting as a bright ring encircling a dark hollow core that inhibits early focusing and promotes self-defocusing. They can therefore be used to accelerate electrons to extremely high energies. The electron energy gain is influenced by the laser pulse decentred parameter linked to the shG function, however, the ion stream’s electric field prevents the transverse oscillations from pushing electrons out of the interaction zone. With a decentred parameter of ∼2.15 and a laser pulse intensity value of ∼1020 Wcm
−2 incident on density of ∼ 1022 m
−3, where the incident pulse phase is ψ
0 = 0, the combined effect of ion channelling and radially polarized (RP) shG laser pulses leads to a significant enhancement of electron energy gain within the ion density channel to the GeV level.
Sliding wear study of the Inconel-625 clad deposits by microwave heating on SS-304
Authors: Singh Gurbhej , Bansal Amit , Vasudev Hitesh , Mishra Vishwesh 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
In this present study, the Inconel-625 powder was used for the surface modification of SS-304 alloy by utilizing the concept of a hybrid microwave heating technique. The XRD analysis shows the presence of various carbide and Laves phases in addition to a Ni-Cr-Fe-based face-centred-cubic matrix in the modified clad layer. The microstructural analysis revealed that the developed clad was metallurgically bonded with the substrate and free from any interfacial cracks. The modified layer mainly consists of two regions: cellular (matrix) regions and grain boundaries (GBs) regions. The average porosity in the modified clad layer was evaluated to be about 1.65%. The average microhardness (440 ± 45 HV) of the modified clad layer was observed to be about 2.1 times the base metal microhardness (210 ± 10 HV). The clad specimens exhibited a considerably lower wear rate (about 2.8 times less weight loss) than the substrate SS-304 during the dry sliding wear test. The shallow grooves, craters, and material debonding were the typical fracture features associated with the clad surfaces during rubbing when examined under a scanning electron machine apparatus.
Imprints of cloud of strings and quintessence field on compact stellar configurations
Authors: Ditta Allah , Asia Munaza , Mustafa G , Sofuoğlu Değer , Mahmood Asif 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
This paper looks into how stellar configurations with quintessence and a cloud of string fields behave in general relativity in spherical symmetric spacetime. The goal is to find a stable, stellar model. We compute the unknown constants in the metric using the masses and radii of PSRJ1614 − 2230 stars. We employ the effective energy-momentum tensor in general relativity to analyze field equations. Additionally, we also demonstrate the anisotropic behavior, energy conditions, energy density, quintessence density, pressure profiles, gradients, anisotropic factor, energy conditions, sound speeds, compactification, mass function, EoS components, redshift, and stability of the compact stars. We demonstrate that according to the theory of general relativity, these compact stars exhibit physically plausible structures in the quintessence field with clouds of string.
Machine learning decoding of single neurons in the thalamus for speech brain-machine interfaces
Authors: Tankus Ariel , Rosenberg Noam , Ben-Hamo Oz , Stern Einat , Strauss Ido 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Objective. Our goal is to decode firing patterns of single neurons in the left ventralis intermediate nucleus (Vim) of the thalamus, related to speech production, perception, and imagery. For realistic speech brain-machine interfaces (BMIs), we aim to characterize the amount of thalamic neurons necessary for high accuracy decoding. Approach. We intraoperatively recorded single neuron activity in the left Vim of eight neurosurgical patients undergoing implantation of deep brain stimulator or RF lesioning during production, perception and imagery of the five monophthongal vowel sounds. We utilized the Spade decoder, a machine learning algorithm that dynamically learns specific features of firing patterns and is based on sparse decomposition of the high dimensional feature space. Main results. Spade outperformed all algorithms compared with, for all three aspects of speech: production, perception and imagery, and obtained accuracies of 100%, 96%, and 92%, respectively (chance level: 20%) based on pooling together neurons across all patients. The accuracy was logarithmic in the amount of neurons for all three aspects of speech. Regardless of the amount of units employed, production gained highest accuracies, whereas perception and imagery equated with each other. Significance. Our research renders single neuron activity in the left Vim a promising source of inputs to BMIs for restoration of speech faculties for locked-in patients or patients with anarthria or dysarthria to allow them to communicate again. Our characterization of how many neurons are necessary to achieve a certain decoding accuracy is of utmost importance for planning BMI implantation.
Text and image generation from intracranial electroencephalography using an embedding space for text and images
Authors: Ikegawa Yuya , Fukuma Ryohei , Sugano Hidenori , Oshino Satoru , Tani Naoki , Tamura Kentaro , Iimura Yasushi , Suzuki Hiroharu , Yamamoto Shota , Fujita Yuya , Nishimoto Shinji , Kishima Haruhiko , Yanagisawa Takufumi 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Objective. Invasive brain–computer interfaces (BCIs) are promising communication devices for severely paralyzed patients. Recent advances in intracranial electroencephalography (iEEG) coupled with natural language processing have enhanced communication speed and accuracy. It should be noted that such a speech BCI uses signals from the motor cortex. However, BCIs based on motor cortical activities may experience signal deterioration in users with motor cortical degenerative diseases such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. An alternative approach to using iEEG of the motor cortex is necessary to support patients with such conditions. Approach. In this study, a multimodal embedding of text and images was used to decode visual semantic information from iEEG signals of the visual cortex to generate text and images. We used contrastive language-image pretraining (CLIP) embedding to represent images presented to 17 patients implanted with electrodes in the occipital and temporal cortices. A CLIP image vector was inferred from the high-γ power of the iEEG signals recorded while viewing the images. Main results. Text was generated by CLIPCAP from the inferred CLIP vector with better-than-chance accuracy. Then, an image was created from the generated text using StableDiffusion with significant accuracy. Significance. The text and images generated from iEEG through the CLIP embedding vector can be used for improved communication.
Nonlinear super-resolution signal processing allows intracellular tracking of calcium dynamics
Authors: Calcini Niccolò , Silva Lantyer Angelica da , Zeldenrust Fleur , Celikel Tansu 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Objective. Traditional quantification of fluorescence signals, such as

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F

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F

, relies on ratiometric measures that necessitate a baseline for comparison, limiting their applicability in dynamic analyses. Our goal here is to develop a baseline-independent method for analyzing fluorescence data that fully exploits temporal dynamics to introduce a novel approach for dynamical super-resolution analysis, including in subcellular resolution. Approach. We introduce ARES (Autoregressive RESiduals), a novel method that leverages the temporal aspect of fluorescence signals. By focusing on the quantification of residuals following linear autoregression, ARES obviates the need for a predefined baseline, enabling a more nuanced analysis of signal dynamics. Main result. We delineate the foundational attributes of ARES, illustrating its capability to enhance both spatial and temporal resolution of calcium fluorescence activity beyond the conventional ratiometric measure (

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F

/

F

). Additionally, we demonstrate ARES’s utility in elucidating intracellular calcium dynamics through the detailed observation of calcium wave propagation within a dendrite. Significance. ARES stands out as a robust and precise tool for the quantification of fluorescence signals, adept at analyzing both spontaneous and evoked calcium dynamics. Its ability to facilitate the subcellular localization of calcium signals and the spatiotemporal tracking of calcium dynamics—where traditional ratiometric measures falter—underscores its potential to revolutionize baseline-independent analyses in the field.