bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dissociation between phase‐locked and nonphase‐locked alpha oscillations in a working memory task
Authors: Freunberger Roman , Fellinger Robert , Sauseng Paul , Gruber Walter , Klimesch Wolfgang 
Published: April 2009

AbstractThe functions of human alpha oscillations (∼10 Hz) were related to cognitive processes such as memory and top‐down control. Recent models suggest that alpha phase serves as a mechanism especially relevant for the timing of neural activity, whereas alpha amplitude is important for the inhibition of task‐irrelevant brain areas. This study investigates directly the influence of top‐down modulation on phase‐locked and nonphase‐locked alpha rhythms. We conducted an EEG experiment where subjects performed a working memory task. In the encoding phase of the task subjects had to learn presented pictures of nonliving objects that could later be asked to be retrieved. We varied the top‐down modulation by including cues indicating either to remember or to forget (not to remember) the next following item. Spectral analyses showed that nonremember cues elicited pronounced alpha amplitude increase compared to remember cues. Furthermore, phase‐locking in low frequencies, especially in the alpha range (7–12 Hz), was stronger for remember as opposed to not‐to‐remember items. In conclusion, we propose that alpha amplitude reflects top‐down modulated inhibition and that alpha phase is important for the exact timing of neural activity and can be related to binding processes. Hum Brain Mapp, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Contingency learning in human fear conditioning involves the ventral striatum
Authors: Klucken Tim , Tabbert Katharina , Schweckendiek Jan , Merz Christian Josef , Kagerer Sabine , Vaitl Dieter , Stark Rudolf 
Published: April 2009

AbstractThe ability to detect and learn contingencies between fearful stimuli and their predictive cues is an important capacity to cope with the environment. Contingency awareness refers to the ability to verbalize the relationships between conditioned and unconditioned stimuli. Although there is a heated debate about the influence of contingency awareness on conditioned fear responses, neural correlates behind the formation process of contingency awareness have gained only little attention in human fear conditioning. Recent animal studies indicate that the ventral striatum (VS) could be involved in this process, but in human studies the VS is mostly associated with positive emotions. To examine this question, we reanalyzed four recently published classical fear conditioning studies (n = 117) with respect to the VS at three distinct levels of contingency awareness: subjects, who did not learn the contingencies (unaware), subjects, who learned the contingencies during the experiment (learned aware) and subjects, who were informed about the contingencies in advance (instructed aware). The results showed significantly increased activations in the left and right VS in learned aware compared to unaware subjects. Interestingly, this activation pattern was only found in learned but not in instructed aware subjects. We assume that the VS is not involved when contingency awareness does not develop during conditioning or when contingency awareness is unambiguously induced already prior to conditioning. VS involvement seems to be important for the transition from a contingency unaware to a contingency aware state. Implications for fear conditioning models as well as for the contingency awareness debate are discussed. Hum Brain Mapp, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Modulation of preparatory volitional motor cortical activity by paired associative transcranial magnetic stimulation
Authors: Lu Ming‐Kuei , Bliem Barbara , Jung Patrick , Arai Noritoshi , Tsai Chon‐Haw , Ziemann Ulf 
Published: April 2009

AbstractPaired associative transcranial magnetic stimulation (PAS) has been shown to induce long‐term potentiation (LTP)‐like or long‐term depression (LTD)‐like change in excitability of human primary motor cortex (M1), as probed by motor evoked potential (MEP) amplitude. In contrast, little is known about PAS effects on volitional motor cortical activity. In 10 healthy subjects, movement related cortical potentials (MRCP) were recorded to index volitional motor cortical activity during preparation of simple thumb abduction (prime mover: abductor pollicis brevis, APB) or wrist extension movements (prime mover: extensor carpi radialis, ECR). PASLTP increased, PASLTD decreased, and PAScontrol did not change MEPAPB, while MEPECR, not targeted by PAS, remained unchanged in all PAS conditions. PASLTP decreased MRCP negativity during the late Bereitschaftspotential (−500 to 0 ms before movement onset), only in the APB task, and predominantly over central scalp electrodes contralateral to the thumb movements. This effect correlated negatively with the PASLTP induced increase in MEPAPB. PASLTD and PAScontrol did not affect MRCP amplitude. Findings indicate a specific interference of PAS with preparatory volitional motor cortical activity, suggestive of a net result caused by increased M1 excitability and disrupted effective connectivity between premotor areas and M1. Hum Brain Mapp, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Highly efficient and chemoselective acetalization of carbonyl compounds catalyzed by new and reusable zirconyl triflate, ZrO(OTf)2
Authors: Moghadam Majid , Mohammadpoor‐Baltork Iraj , Tangestaninejad Shahram , Mirkhani Valiollah , Yazdani Parvin , Ghorjipoor Saeedeh 
Published: April 2009

AbstractVarious types of aromatic aldehydes were efficiently converted to their corresponding 1,3‐dioxanes and 1,3‐dioxolane with 1,3‐propanediol and ethylene glycol, respectively, in the presence of catalytic amount of ZrO(OTf)2 in acetonitrile at room temperature. The catalyst can be reused several times without loss of its catalytic activity. Very short reaction times, selective acetalization of aromatic aldehydes in the presence of aliphatic aldehydes and ketones, very mild reaction conditions, reusability of the catalyst, and easy workup are noteworthy advantages of this method. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heteroatom Chem 20:131–135, 2009; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/hc.20523
Convenient synthesis of symmetrical diketosulfides from enolizable ketones using [hydroxy(tosyloxy)iodo]benzene and na2S ⋅ 9H2O
Authors: Karade Nandkishor N. , Tiwari Girdharilal B. , Gampawar Sumit V. , Shinde Sandeep V. 
Published: April 2009

AbstractAn efficient method for the preparation of symmetrical diketosulfides of the type ArCOCH2SCH2COAr has been developed from the reaction of [hydroxy(tosyloxy)iodo]benzene with various acetophenones, followed by treatment with Na2S ⋅ 9H2O. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heteroatom Chem 20:172–176, 2009; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/hc.20524
Crystal and molecular structures of some six‐coordinate tin(IV) halogeno complexes with phosphorus‐containing ligands
Authors: Batsanov Andrei S. , Deng Robert M. K. , Dillon Keith B. , Goeta Andrés E. , Howard Judith A. K. , Meldrum James , Monks Philippa K. , Puschmann Horst , Shepherd Helena J. 
Published: April 2009

AbstractSix new complexes of tin(IV) halides with phosphorus‐containing ligands have been fully characterized by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction at low temperature. Three of the compounds, derived from the diphosphanes bis‐(diphenylphosphino)methane or bis‐(dicyclohexylphosphino)methane, have a novel zwitterionic structure, with five Cl ligands and one unidentate phosphorus‐containing ligand on tin, together with a proton on the second phosphorus atom of the potentially bidentate ligand; these are Cl5Sn−P(Ph2)CH2PPh2H+ (1), Cl5Sn−OP(Ph2)CH2‐PPh2H+ (2), and Cl5Sn−OP(cy2)CH2Pcy2H+ (3). The other three complexes have a bidentate donor attached to the SnX4 moiety; they comprise Cl4SnOP(Ph2)‐(CH2)2PPh2O (4), a derivative of bis‐(diphenylphosphino)ethane dioxide, I4SnOP(Ph2)CH2PPh2O (5), a similar derivative of bis‐(diphenylphosphino)‐methane dioxide, and the very unusual Br4SnAs‐(Ph2)(CH2)2PPh2O (6), with coordination to tin by As and O. Since the starting material for the last compound was Ph2As(CH2)2PPh2, this result illustrates well the more facile oxidation of P(III) than As(III). © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heteroatom Chem 20:136–143, 2009; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/hc.20525
Microwave‐assisted synthesis of some 2,4‐thiazolidinedione derivatives
Authors: Mahalle Shital , Ligampalle Dinesh , Mane Ramrao 
Published: April 2009

AbstractThe condensation of 5‐[4′‐(2″‐halo‐ethoxy)benzylidenyl]‐2,4‐thiazolidinediones 2 when separately carried with different 2‐amino thiazoles 3 and different sulphanilamides 4 in DMF, using potassium hydroxide in the presence of a catalytic amount of a phase transfer catalyst, gave new 5‐[4′‐(4″‐aryl‐thiazol‐2″‐yl‐aminoethoxy)‐3′/5′‐substituted benzylidenyl]‐2,4‐thiazolidinediones 5 and 5‐[4′‐(2″/4″‐sulphonamidophenyl aminoethoxy)‐3′/5′‐substituted benzylidenyl]‐2,4‐thiazolidinediones 6 derivatives in good yields, respectively. The structures of all new compounds were established from analytical and spectral data. All the reaction sequences were carried under microwave irradiation, as an efficient tool. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heteroatom Chem 20:151–156, 2009; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/hc.20528
Shoulder morbidity after pectoralis major flap reconstruction for head and neck cancer
Authors: Merve Ashirwad , Mitra Indu , Swindell Ric , Homer Jarrod J. 
Published: April 2009

AbstractBackground.The effect of pectoralis major flap (PMF) harvest on shoulder function, allowing for the effects of neck dissection, has not previously been objectively measured.Methods.Twenty‐two patients who underwent PMF reconstruction were studied. The control group comprised 35 patients with neck dissection (without PMF). Neck dissections in both groups were classified into 3 grades; grade 1: no neck dissection/selective neck dissection; grade 2: modified radical neck dissection; grade 3: radical neck dissection/extended radical neck dissection. Objective shoulder assessments were carried out using Constant score.Results.Constant score deteriorated with grade of neck dissection (p < .005). The median Constant score for PMF group and neck dissection only group were 82 and 90, respectively (p = .40). Subgroup analysis within neck dissection grade did not show any significant difference, but the effect of PMF was noted to be greatest in grade 2 patients (p = .064).Conclusions.There is minimal or low shoulder morbidity, additional to neck dissection, caused by PMF reconstruction in head and neck surgery. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2009
Immunohistochemical studies on early stage of hepatic damage induced by subacute inhalation of toluene vapor in rats
Authors: Gotohda Takako , Nishimura Akiyoshi , Morita Kyoji 
Published: April 2009

AbstractToluene is one of the most widely used organic solvents and is commonly recognized as a noxious substance inducing chronically toxic damage to neural, hepatic and renal functions in the workers engaged in printing and painting. Although hepatic cells are generally considered to be vulnerable and susceptible to various organic solvents, particularly chloroform and other halogenated hydrocarbons, the hepatotoxic effects of aromatic hydrocarbons including toluene have not yet been sufficiently characterized. In particular, it still seems unclear whether toluene itself can directly act on hepatic cells, inducing toxic damage to their metabolism and function. To assess the toxic effect of toluene inhalation on rat liver, immunohistochemical analyses of the histological markers for hepatic damage were carried out in animals exposed subacutely to toluene vapor. The immunoreactivities of heat shock proteins (HSP‐70 and HSP‐90) and cytochrome P4502E1 (CYP2E1) in the liver were analyzed to assess the hepatotoxic damage induced by toluene inhalation, and the expression of these histological markers was shown to be substantially enhanced by the subacute exposure to toluene vapor. Toluene inhalation was furthermore shown to enhance the immunoreactivities of α‐smooth muscle actin (α‐SMA), collagen, glucocorticoid receptors (GR) and leptin receptors (Ob‐R) in the liver. Additional studies using human hepatoma HepG2 cells showed that toluene can directly induce toxic damage to cells. These findings suggest that toluene inhalation may primarily induce hepatic damage, which may be secondarily exacerbated by the activation of systemic processes possibly connected with glucocorticoids and leptin. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Stringent testing identifies highly potent and escape‐proof anti‐HIV short hairpin RNAs
Authors: von Eije Karin J. , ter Brake Olivier , Berkhout Ben 
Published: April 2009

AbstractBackgroundRNA interference (RNAi) is a cellular mechanism that can be induced by small interfering RNAs to mediate sequence‐specific gene silencing by cleavage of the targeted mRNA. RNAi can be used as an antiviral approach to silence the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV‐1) through stable expression of short hairpin RNAs (shRNAs). Previously, we used a co‐transfection assay in which shRNA constructs were transfected with an HIV‐1 molecular clone to identify 20 shRNA inhibitors that target highly conserved HIV‐1 sequences.MethodsIn the present study, we selected the most potent shRNAs to formulate a combinatorial shRNA therapy and determine the best and easiest method for antiviral shRNA selection. We performed transient inhibition assays with either a luciferase reporter or HIV‐1 molecular clone and also infected shRNA‐expressing T cell lines with HIV‐1 and monitored virus replication. The latter assay allows detection of viral escape. In addition, we also tested shRNA‐expressing T cells upon challenge with increasing dosages of HIV‐1, and measured the dose required to result in massive virus‐induced syncytia formation in this 2‐week assay.ResultsExtended culturing selected three highly effective shRNAs that do not allow viral replication for more than 100 days. This difference in potency was not observed in the transient co‐transfection assays. The use of increased dosages of HIV‐1 selected the same highly potent shRNAs as the laborious and extended escape study.ConclusionsThese highly potent shRNAs could be used for a clinical vector and the comparison of the developed assays might help other researchers in their search for antiviral shRNAs. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The preparation and nuclear magnetic resonance study of 5‐ and 7‐nitrocoumarans
Authors: Raulins N. Rebecca , Kruggel William G. , Titus Donald D. , Van Landuyt Dennis C. 
Published: April 2009

AbstractMononitration of coumaran has been achieved by the use of acetyl chloride and silver nitrate in acetonitrile solution. Nmr decoupling experiments have served to establish the structures of the two products as the 5‐ and 7‐nitrocoumarans. Attempted nitration with nitronium tetrafluoroborate resulted in extensive ring opening.
Biselenienyl series. II. Synthesis and resolution of 2,2′‐dinitro‐3,3′‐biselenienyl‐4,4′‐dicarboxylic acid
Authors: Dell'Erba Carlo , Spinelli Domenico , Garbarino Giacomo , Leandri Giuseppe 
Published: April 2009

Abstract2,2′‐Dinitro‐3,3′‐biselenienyl‐4,4′‐dicarboxylic acid (VI), the first recorded compound of the 3,3′‐biselenienyl series, has been prepared and resolved into its optical antipodes by fractional crystallization of its brucine salt.On the basis of the quasi‐racemate method of Fredga and the O.R.D. spectra, to the dextrorotatory acid is assigned the R configuration.
Ring closure reactions with nitriles. II. Formation of pyrrolo[1,2‐a] quinazolines and thiazolo[3,2‐a] quinazolines
Authors: Bell Stanley C. , Wei Peter H. L. 
Published: April 2009

Abstract2‐Quinazolinepropionic acids have been obtained from the reactions of potassium cyanide with o‐carboxy‐ or o‐acyl‐3‐chloropropionanilides. Some of these compounds have been cyclized to pyrrolo [1,2‐a] quinazolines. The reaction of an o‐carbethoxy‐2‐chloroacetanilide with potassium thiocyanate formed a 2‐quinazolinylthioacetic acid, which was cyclized to a thiazolo‐[3,2‐a]quinazoline. A mechanism is presented for the formation of these compounds.
Oxazolidine formation in the attempted eschweiler‐clarke reductive methylation of cis‐3‐aminobicyclo[2.2.2] octan‐2‐ol
Authors: Nelson Wendel L. 
Published: April 2009

AbstractEvidence is presented confirming the formation of N‐methyl‐cis‐bicyclo[2.2.2]octyl[2,3‐d]‐oxazolidine as the product of Eschweiler‐Clarke reductive alkylation of cis‐3‐amino‐bicyclo‐[2.2.2]octan‐2‐ol.
Studies on heteroaromaticity. XV . the 1,3‐dipolar cycloaddition reaction of 5‐nitro‐2‐furyldiazomethane
Authors: Sasaki Tadashi , Eguchi Shoji , Kojima Atsuyuki 
Published: April 2009

AbstractThe 1,3‐dipolar cycloaddition reaction of 5‐nitro‐2‐furyldiazomethane (1) with acrylonitrile, acrylamide, methyl acrylate, diethyl fumarate, methyl methacrylate and methyl cinnamate afforded the corresponding 3‐substituted pyrazolines. (2a‐f). Similarly the pyrazoles (3b‐d) were prepared by addition of 1 to acetylenic compounds such as diethyl acetylenedicarboxylate, methyl phenylpropiolate and cyanoacetylene. Reaction of 1 with fumaronitrile and ω‐nitro‐styrene gave also the corresponding pyrazoles (3a and 3e) instead of the pyrazolines. 3‐(5′‐Nitro‐2′‐furyl)‐4‐phenyl‐5‐carbomethoxypyrazoline (2f) was oxidized with lead tetraacetate to the corresponding pyrazole (3f), which was different from 3c, an addition product of 1 with methyl phenylpropiolate. 3‐(5′‐Nitro‐2′‐furyl)‐5‐carbamidopyrazoline (2b) was pyrolyzed to the corresponding cyclopropane derivative 4 in low yield.
Diazonia hexacyclic aromatic systems from bis(bromomethyl)naphthalenes
Authors: Bradsher C. K. , Sherer J. P. 
Published: April 2009

AbstractStarting with the appropriate bis(bromomethyl)naphthalenes, 14a,16a‐diazoniaanthra[1,2‐a]‐anthracene salts (6), and the 4a,12a‐ (13, 14) 4a,8a‐(15) and 8a,16a‐diazoniadibenzo[b,k]‐chrysene (16) salts have been prepared for the first time.
Further heterocyclic analogs of polyaryls
Authors: Buu‐Hoi N. P. , Delcey M. , Jacquignon P. , P'erin F. 
Published: April 2009

AbstractA series of indoles, indolizines, imidazo[1,2‐a]pyridines, and quinolines, all of them heterocyclic analogs of polyaryls, have been prepared from diacetyl derivatives of aromatic hydrocarbons.
Etude en spectrométrie de masse. III. Phénothiazines à chaine hétérocyclique sur l'Azote en 10
Authors: Audier L. , Cambon A. , Guedj R. , Azzaro M. 
Published: April 2009

AbstractLes spectres de masse‡ de sept phénothiazines homologues présentant une substitution en 2 et une chaine hétérocyclique sur l'azote en 10 ont été realisés et interprétés.Des mécanismes plausibles, simples, permettant de rationaliser les processus de fragmentation de cette classe de composés (I‐VII) sont proposés.
Synthesis of 2,3‐disubstituted‐1,3‐oxazolidines
Authors: King George G. , Babiec John S. , Karabinos J. V. 
Published: April 2009

AbstractA series of 2‐aryl‐3‐alkyl or aryl carbamoyl‐ and thiocarbamoyl‐1,3‐oxazolidines was prepared by the reactions of alkyl and aryl isocyanates and isothiocyanates with N‐(2‐hydroxyethyl)‐benzalamincs. The nuclear magnetic resonance spectra of these compounds are discussed.
The synthesis of 2‐chloro‐1‐β‐D‐ribofuranosyl‐5,6‐dimethylbenzimidazole and (certain related derivatives
Authors: Revankar Ganapathi R. , Townsend Leroy H. 
Published: April 2009

AbstractThe synthesis of 2‐chloro‐1‐(β‐D‐ribofuranosyl)‐5,6‐dimethylbenzimidazole (3b) has been accomplished by a condensation of 1‐trimethylsilyl‐2‐chloro‐5,6‐dimethylbenzimidazole (1) with 2,3,5‐tri‐O‐acetyl‐D‐ribofuranosyl bromide (2) followed by subsequent deacetylation. Nucleophilic displacement of the 2‐chloro group from 3b has furnished several interesting 2‐substituted‐1‐(β‐D‐ribofuranosyl)‐5,6‐dimethylbenzimidazoles. 1‐(β‐D‐Ribofuranosyl)‐5,6‐dimethylbenzimidazole (5) and 1‐(β‐D‐ribofuranosyl)‐5,6‐dimethylbenzimidazole‐2‐thione (4) were prepared from 3b. Alkylation of 4 furnished certain 2‐alkylthio‐1‐(β‐D‐ribofuranosyl)‐5,6‐dirnethylbenzimidazoles and oxidation of 4 with alkaline hydrogen peroxide produced 1‐(β‐D‐ribofuranosyl)‐5,6‐dimethylbenzimidazole‐2‐one D The assignment of anomeric configuration for all nucleosides reported is discussed.
5‐vinylisoxazole
Authors: Bertini Vincenzo , De Munno Angela , Pelosi Paolo , Pino Piero 
Published: April 2009

AbstractCycloaddition of fulminic acid to 1‐butyn‐3‐ol gave a mixture of 5‐α‐hydroxyethylisoxazole (I) and 4‐α‐hydroxyethylisoxazole (II) in the ratio 9:1. By the dehydration of 1, 5‐vinylisoxazole (III) was obtained. Compound III has also been prepared by cyclization of 4‐penten‐2‐ynal as well as its diethylacetal with hydroxylamine hydrochloride; in both instances no isomers have been obtained. Compound III spontaneously polymerizes even at room temperature yielding a polymer still containing isoxazole rings.
Crystal and molecular structure of 1‐azabicyclo[3.2.0]heptane‐1‐methyl chloride
Authors: Majeste Richard , Trefonas L. M. 
Published: April 2009

AbstractThe structure of the compound, 1‐azabicyclo[3.2.0]heptane‐1‐methyl chloride has been determined by a single crystal x‐ray diffraction study. The compound crystallizes in space group Cmcm with four formula weights in a unit cell of dimensions a = 8.53, b = 10.30, c = 9.27 ± .01 Å. The molecular cations fit in large holes between the chloride anions and consequently are disordered about the cation positions. The five‐membered ring portion is non‐planar and bears a strong resemplance to other five‐membered rings in bicyclic‐fused compounds. The azetidine portion of the molecule is planar. The basic fused ring structure is contrasted to that found in penicillin salts. A final value of R = 0.106 for the 305 independent reflections was obtained.
A modified synthesis of codamine under eschweiler‐clarke conditions
Authors: Kametani T. , Terui T. , Agui H. , Fukumoto K. 
Published: April 2009

AbstractCodamine (1) was obtained in 88.4% yield by Eschweiler‐Clarke reaction of X with formalin and formic acid, whereas it formed in 46.2% yield in case of Mannich reaction of X with formalin and hydrochloric acid.
Preparation of 2,6‐bis(l‐menthopyrzol‐3‐yl)pyridines and their catalytic activity for asymmetric diels alder reaction
Authors: Kashima Choji , Shibata Saori , Yokoyama Hiroyo , Nishio Takehiko 
Published: April 2009

Abstract3‐Aryl‐l‐menthopyrazoles 1 and 2 and related compounds were prepared from l‐menthone, and their enantioselective activities were discussed as chiral ligands. In this series of compounds, 2,6‐bis(2‐methyl‐l‐menthopyrazol‐3‐yl)pyridine (8a), which had both structural features of 3‐phenyl‐l‐menthopyrazole (1b) and C2 symmetric ligand in the molecule, should form the C2 symmetric complex in situ with Zn(OTf)2 or Ni(ClO4)2•6H2O. The subsequent complex catalyzed the Diels Alder reaction of 1‐acryloyl‐3,5‐dimethylpyrazole (11a) with cyclopentadiene (12) enantioselectively up to 75 % ee.
Ruthenium‐catalyzed formation of quinolines via reductive cyclization of nitroarenes with tris(3‐hydroxypropyl)amine in an aqueous medium
Authors: Cho Chan Sik , Lee Na Young , Choi Heung‐Jin , Kim Tae‐Jeong , Shim Sang Chul 
Published: April 2009

AbstractNitroarenes react with tris(3‐hydroxypropyl)amine in an aqueous medium (dioxane/H2O) at 180° in the presence of a catalytic amount of a ruthenium catalyst and tin(II) chloride along with isopropanol as hydrogen donor to afford the corresponding quinolines in good yields. The presence of tin(II) chloride is essential for the formation of quinolines. A reaction pathway involving initial reduction of nitroarenes to anilines, propanol group transfer from tris(3‐hydroxypropyl)amine to anilines to form 3‐anilino‐1‐propanols, N‐alkylation of anilines by 3‐anilino‐1‐propanol to form 1,3‐dianilinopropane and intramolecular heteroannulation of 1,3‐dianilinopropane is proposed for this catalytic process.