bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predictors of long-term mortality in older patients with hip fractures managed by hemiarthroplasty: a 10-year study based on a population registry in Saxony, Germany
Authors: Fakler Johannes K.M. , Pieroh Philipp , Höch Andreas , Roth Andreas , Kleber Christian , Löffler Markus , Heyde Christoph E. , Zeynalova Samira 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
Mortality of patients with a femoral neck fracture is high, especially within the first year after surgery, but also remains elevated thereafter. The aim of this study was to identify factors potentially associated with long-term mortality in patients homogeneously treated with hemiarthroplasty for femoral neck fracture.

Methods
This retrospective cohort study was performed at a single level 1 national trauma center at the university hospital of Leipzig (Saxony, Germany). The study time-window was January 1, 2010 to December 31, 2020. Primary outcome measure was mortality depending on individual patient-related characteristics and perioperative risk factors. Inclusion criteria was a low-energy femoral neck fracture (Garden I-IV) in geriatric patients 60 years of age or older that were primarily treated with bipolar hemiarthroplasty. Date of death or actual residence of patients alive was obtained from the population register of the eastern German state of Saxony, Germany. The outcome was tested using the log-rank test and plotted using Kaplan-Meier curves. Unadjusted and adjusted for other risk factors such as sex and age, hazard ratios were calculated using Cox proportional hazards models and presented with 95% confidence intervals (CI).

Results
The 458 included patients had a median age of 83 (IQR 77–89) years, 346 (75%) were female and 113 (25%) male patients. Mortality rates after 30 days, 1, 5 and 10 years were 13%, 25%, 60% and 80%, respectively. Multivariate regression analysis revealed age (HR = 1.1; p < 0.001), male gender (HR = 1.6; p < 0.001), ASA-Score 3–4 vs. 1–2 (HR = 1.3; p < 0.001), dementia (HR = 1.9; p < 0.001) and a history of malignancy (HR = 1.6; p = 0.002) as independent predictors for a higher long-term mortality risk. Perioperative factors such as preoperative waiting time, early surgical complications, or experience of the surgeon were not associated with a higher overall mortality.

Conclusions
In the present study based on data from the population registry from Saxony, Germany the 10-year mortality of older patients above 60 years of age managed with hemiarthroplasty for femoral neck fracture was 80%. Independent risk factors for increased long-term mortality were higher patient age, male gender, severe comorbidity, a history of cancer and in particular dementia. Perioperative factors did not affect long-term mortality.
Refractory pneumonia caused by Prevotella heparinolytica: a case report
Authors: Sun Jiongzhou , Xu Xun , Gao Shiyuan , Pan Qiong , Liu Zian , Huang Yiwen , Lian Yixin 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
Prevotellaheparinolytica is a Gram-negative bacterium that is commonly found in the oral, intestinal, and urinary tracts. It has been extensively studied in lower respiratory tract infections in horses, which has heparinolytic activity and can secrete heparinase and further induces virulence factors in cells and causes disease. However, no such cases have been reported in humans.

Case presentation
A 58-year-old male patient from China presented to the respiratory clinic in Suzhou with a productive cough producing white sputum for 20 days and fever for 3 days. Prior to this visit, a chest computed tomography scan was conducted, which revealed multiple patchy nodular opacities in both lungs. On admission, the patient presented with a temperature of 38.1 °C and a pulse rate of 110 beats per minute. Despite routine anti-infective treatment with moxifloxacin, his temperature fluctuated and the treatment was ineffective. The patient was diagnosed with Prevotellaheparinolytica infection through metagenomic next-generation sequencing. Therefore, the antibiotics were switched to piperacillin–tazobactam in combination with ornidazole, which alleviated his symptoms; 1 week after discharge, the patient returned to the clinic for a follow-up chest computed tomography, and the opacities on the lungs continued to be absorbed.

Conclusion
Prevotellaheparinolytica is an opportunistic pathogen. However, it has not been reported in human pneumonia. In refractory pneumonia, measures such as metagenomic next-generation sequencing can be used to identify pathogens and help guide antibiotic selection and early support.
Prevalence of thyroid dysfunction and associated factors among adult type 2 diabetes mellitus patients, 2000–2022: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Hadgu Rishan , Worede Abebaw , Ambachew Sintayehu 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundThyroid dysfunction (TD) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) frequently co-occur and have overlapping pathologies, and their risk increases with age. Thyroid dysfunction along with T2DM will worsen macro- and microvascular complications, morbidity, and mortality.MethodsThe Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses statement guideline was followed. The databases used were Embase, ScienceDirect, PubMed, and Google Scholar. The Joana Briggs Institute (JBI) scale was used to assess the quality of the included studies. The data was extracted by Microsoft Excel and analyzed through STATA version 14 software. The overall pooled prevalence of TD and its main components were estimated using the random-effects model. The consistency of studies was assessed byI2test statistics. Pooled meta-logistic regression was used to present the pooled prevalence with a 95% confidence interval (CI). Besides, subgroup and sensitivity analyses were employed.ResultThirty-eight studies were included. The pooled prevalence of TD was 20.24% (95%CI: 17.85, 22.64). The pooled prevalence of subclinical hypothyroidism, hypothyroidism, subclinical hyperthyroidism, and hyperthyroidism was found to be 11.87% (95%CI: 6.90, 16.84), 7.75% (95%CI: 5.71, 9.79), 2.49% (95%CI: 0.73, 4.25), and 2.51% (95%CI: 1.89, 3.13), respectively. Subgroup analysis based on continent revealed a higher prevalence of TD in Asia and Africa. Factors like being female,HbA1c ≥ 7%, DM duration > 5 years, family history of TD, central obesity, smoking, the presence of retinopathy, and neuropathy were found associated with TD.ConclusionThe current systematic review and meta-analysis showed that the TD’s pooled prevalence was relatively higher than the general population. Therefore, regular screening of TD should be done for T2DM patients.
Bias-induced circular current in a loop nanojunction with AAH modulation: Role of hopping dimerization
Authors: Mondal Moumita , Maiti Santanu K. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
In this work, we investigate the interplay between correlated disorder and hopping dimerization on bias-driven circular current in a loop conductor that is clamped between two electrodes. The correlated disorder is introduced in site energies of the ring in the form of Aubry-André-Harper (AAH) model. Simulating the quantum system within a tight-binding framework all the results are worked out based on the waveguide theory. Unlike transport current, circular current in the loop conductor can get enhanced with increasing disorder strength. This enhancement becomes much effective when hopping dimerization is included which is taken following the Su-Schrieffer-Heeger (SSH) model. The characteristic features of bias-driven circular current are studied under different input conditions and we find that the results are robust for a wide range of physical parameters. For the sake of completeness, uncorrelated disorder is also considered. Our analysis may provide a new insight in analyzing transport behavior in different disordered lattices in the presence of additional restrictions in hopping integrals.
Associations Between Beverage Consumption and Risk of Microvascular Complications Among Individuals With Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Lin Xiaoyu , Zhu Kai , Qiu Zixin , Li Rui , Li Lin , Lu Qi , Li Ruyi , Yu Hancheng , Liu Sen , Guo Tianyu , Yang Kun , Liao Yunfei , Pan An , Liu Gang 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Context
The relationship between the consumption of different beverages and the risk of microvascular complications in individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2D) is unclear.

Objective
To investigate the association of individual beverage consumption, including artificially sweetened beverages (ASBs), sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs), tea, coffee, natural juice, and yogurt, with the risk of microvascular complications in adults with T2D.

Methods
This cohort study included 6676 participants with T2D who were free of macrovascular and microvascular complications at baseline in the UK Biobank. Cox proportional hazard models were used to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).

Results
During a median follow-up of 11.7 years, 1116 cases of composite microvascular complications were documented. After multivariable adjustment, a linear dose-response relationship was demonstrated between the consumption of ASBs and SSBs and the risk of microvascular complications. Compared with nonconsumers, those who consumed ≥2.0 units/day of ASBs and SSBs had an HR (95% CI) of 1.44 (1.18-1.75) and 1.32 (1.00-1.76) for composite microvascular complications, respectively. In addition, higher tea consumption was associated with a lower risk of diabetic retinopathy, with an HR (95% CI) of 0.72 (0.57-0.92) for whom consuming ≥4.0 units/day. There was no significant association between individual beverage consumption and the risk of diabetic neuropathy. No significant association was observed between the consumption of coffee, natural juice, or yogurt and the risks of microvascular complications. Moreover, substituting half units/day of ASBs or SSBs with tea or coffee was associated with a 16% to 28% lower risk of microvascular complications.

Conclusion
Higher consumption of ASBs and SSBs was linearly associated with an increased risk of microvascular complications in adults with T2D.
Basal Hyperglycemia Contributes More Than 50% to Time in Range in Pregnant Women With Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Ling Ping , Yang Daizhi , Wang Chaofan , Zheng Xueying , Luo Sihui , Yang Xubin , Deng Hongrong , Xu Wen , Yan Jinhua , Weng Jianping 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Objectives
To evaluate the relative contribution of basal hyperglycemia (BHG) and postprandial hyperglycemia (PHG) to the time in range (TIR) categories and adverse pregnancy outcomes in pregnant women with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM).

Materials and Methods
This observational study included 112 pregnancies with T1DM from the CARNATION study who wore continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) devices during pregnancy. The data from CGM were analyzed for TIR (range, 3.5-7.8 mmol/L), areas under the curve of PHG, area under the curve of BHG, and BHG and PHG contribution rates. The contribution rates of BHG and PHG to the different levels of TIR (&lt;60%, 60-78%, ≥78%) and adverse pregnancy outcomes were analyzed.

Results
The participants’ average age was 28.8 ± 3.9 years with a diabetes duration of 8.4 ± 6.2 years. All women experienced a mean TIR of 75.6 ± 19.0% and a mean glycated hemoglobin of 6.2 ± 1.1% during pregnancy. The BHG contribution accounted for 74.9% (36.8, 100), 69.2% (13.4, 100), and 66.5% (10.0, 100) (P &lt; .001) and PHG accounted for 25.1% (0, 63.2), 30.8% (0, 86.6), and 33.5% (0, 90.0) (P &lt; .001) when participants experienced the TIR&lt;60%, 60%-78%, and ≥78%, respectively. Participants with higher BHG contribution rates tended to have more adverse pregnancy outcomes.

Conclusion
Basal hyperglycemia was the major contributor to TIR during pregnancy. Along with controlling PHG, pregnant women with T1DM who did not reach the target of TIR may benefit more from the optimization of insulin regimens focusing on reducing basal glucose.
Jump Performance and Its Relationship with Lower Body Joint Kinetics and Kinematics in Children with Cerebral Palsy
Authors: THOMPSON SHELBY E. , WHITTEN SYDNI V. W. , CAMPBELL KATELYN S. , SINGH TARKESHWAR , SINGH HARSHVARDHAN , LI LI , VOVA JOSHUA , MODLESKY CHRISTOPHER M. 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT

Purpose
The aim was to quantify jump performance in children with cerebral palsy (CP) and determine if the expected deficit is related to their lower body joint kinetics and kinematics.

Methods
Twenty-four ambulatory (n = 17 level I and 7 level II in the Gross Motor Function Classification System) children with spastic CP (n = 13 unilateral and 11 bilateral) and 24 age-, sex-, and race-matched typically developing controls were studied. Jump height and peak power and range of motion at the hip, knee, and ankle of the more affected limb in children with CP and the nondominant limb in controls were assessed during a countermovement jump using three-dimensional motion capture and a force platform.

Results
Compared with controls, children with CP had lower jump height (33%, Cohen’s d (d) = 1.217), peak power at the knee (39%, d = 1.013) and ankle (46%, d = 1.687), and range of motion at the hip (32%, d = 1.180), knee (39%, d = 2.067), and ankle (46%, d = 3.195; all P < 0.001). Jump height was positively related to hip, knee, and ankle power and range of motion in children with CP (r
s range = 0.474–0.613, P < 0.05), and hip and ankle power and knee and ankle range of motion in controls (r
s range = 0.458–0.630, P < 0.05). The group difference in jump height was no longer detected when ankle joint power, ankle range of motion, or knee range of motion was statistically controlled (P > 0.15).

Conclusions
Jump performance is compromised in children with CP and is associated with low power generation and range of motion in the lower limb, especially at the ankle.
Analysis of outcomes and prognostic factor in acute type A aortic dissection complicated with preoperative shock: A single-center study
Authors: Lin Chun-Yu , Kao Ming-Chang , Lee Hsin-Fu , Wu Meng-Yu , Tseng Chi-Nan 
Published: April 2024

BackgroundAcute type A aortic dissection (ATAAD) is a critical cardiovascular emergency that requires prompt surgical intervention for preserving life, particularly in patients with critical preoperative status. This retrospective study aimed to investigate the clinical features, early and late outcomes, and prognostic factors in patients undergoing aortic repair surgery for ATAAD complicated with preoperative shock.MethodsBetween April 2007 and July 2020, 694 consecutive patients underwent emergency ATAAD repair at our institution, including 162 (23.3%) presenting with preoperative shock (systolic blood pressure <90 mm Hg), who were classified into the survivor (n = 125) and non-survivor (n = 37) groups according to whether they survived to hospital discharge. The clinical demographics, surgical information, and postoperative complications were compared. Five-year survival and freedom from reoperation rates of survivors were analyzed using the Kaplan–Meier actuarial method. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify independent risk factors for in-hospital mortality.ResultsThe in-hospital surgical mortality rate in patients with ATAAD and shock was 22.8%. The non-survivor group showed higher rates of preoperative cardiopulmonary resuscitation, acute myocardial infarction, and cerebral infarction, and was associated with longer cardiopulmonary bypass time, higher rates of total arch replacement and intraoperative extracorporeal membrane oxygenation implementation. The non-survivor group had higher blood transfusion volumes and rates of malperfusion-related complications. Multivariate analysis revealed that preoperative cardiopulmonary resuscitation, prolonged cardiopulmonary bypass time, and total arch replacement were risk factors for in-hospital mortality. For patients who survived to discharge, the 5-year cumulative survival and freedom from aortic reoperation rates were 75.6% (95% confidence interval, 67.6%–83.6%) and 82.6% (95% confidence interval, 74.2%–91.1%), respectively.ConclusionsPreoperative shock in ATAAD is associated with a high risk of in-hospital mortality, particularly in patients who undergo cardiopulmonary resuscitation and complex aortic repair procedures with extended cardiopulmonary bypass. However, late outcomes are acceptable for patients who were stabilized through surgical treatment and survived to discharge.
Synthesis and Evaluation of Aminothiazole Hybrids as Potential Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors
Authors: Soni Arti , Kumar Ashwani , Kumar Vivek , Rawat Ravi , Eyupoglu Volkan 
Published: April 2024

This study aimed to synthesize aminothiazole derivatives with 1,3,4-oxadiazole moiety and evaluated their acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and antioxidant activity in order to check their potency against Alzheimer's disease. Inhibition screening against AChE indicated that synthesized derivatives expressed well to moderate AChE inhibitory activity in vitro. Of the examined synthetic compounds (3a-i), compound 3d expressed the best inhibition with IC50-0.35 µM. The antioxidant activity of all the synthesized compounds was also analyzed by the DPPH assay. Finally, in molecular docking analysis, the best docking score was displayed by the most active compound 3d supported the in vitro inhibition results. Compound 3d emerged to be promising lead for the further development of anti- Alzheimer’s drugs.
Quadricuspid Aortic Valve: Imaging, Diagnosis, and Prognosis
Authors: Alomari Mohammad , El-Sayed Ahmed Magdy M. , Ali Mostafa , Wadiwala Ishaq J. , Pham Si M. , Sareyyupoglu Basar 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Quadricuspid aortic valve is a rare congenital cardiac anomaly with an incidence of 0.008% to 0.043%. Its clinical course varies depending on cusp anatomy, function, and associated cardiac malformations. It frequently progresses to aortic valve regurgitation that may require surgical valve replacement. Detection has shifted from incidental discovery during autopsies or cardiac surgeries in the early 20th century to various cardiac imaging methods in recent decades. In addition to contributing to the literature, this report supports the use of transesophageal echocardiography more liberally to detect aortic valve abnormalities. The case presents a 48-year-old female patient with an incidentally discovered quadricuspid aortic valve.
Three-Year Clinical Outcomes With the Cilotax Dual Drug-Eluting Stent vs Everolimus-Eluting Stents in Patients With Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Yu HyeYon , Ahn Jihun , Choi Byoung Geol , Park Soohyung , Kang Dong Oh , Choi Cheol Ung , Rha Seung-Woon , Jeong Myung Ho 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background:
This study compared the safety and effectiveness of paclitaxel/cilostazol–eluting Cilotax stents with those of everolimus-eluting stents in patients with acute myocardial infarction. Real-world data from the Korea Acute Myocardial Infarction Registry were examined.

Methods:
A total of 5,472 patients with acute myocardial infarction underwent percutaneous coronary intervention with Cilotax stents (n = 212) or everolimus-eluting stents (n = 5,260). The primary end point was the 3-year rate of target lesion failure. The other end points were major adverse cardiovascular events (a composite of cardiac death, target vessel myocardial infarction, and ischemia-driven target lesion revascularization), target vessel revascularization, and stent thrombosis. A propensity score matching analysis was performed to adjust for potential confounders by using a logistic regression model; propensity score matching generated 2 well-balanced groups (Cilotax group, n = 180; everolimus-eluting stents group, n = 170; N = 350). After propensity score matching, baseline clinical characteristics were similar between the groups.

Results:
After percutaneous coronary intervention, compared with the everolimus-eluting stents group, the Cilotax group more often had major adverse cardiovascular events (24.1% vs 18.5%; P = .042), myocardial infarction (8.0% vs 3.2%; P < .001), target lesion revascularization (8.0% vs 2.6%; P < .001), target vessel revascularization (11.3% vs 4.5%; P < .001), and stent thrombosis (4.7% vs 0.5%; P < .001) before matching. Even after matching, the Cilotax group had more frequent target lesion revascularization (9.4% vs 2.9%; P = .22) and stent thrombosis (5.6% vs 1.2%; P = .34).

Conclusion:
In patients with acute myocardial infarction who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention, use of the Cilotax stent was associated with higher rates of target lesion revascularization, target vessel revascularization, and stent thrombosis than were everolimus-eluting stents. Use of the Cilotax dual drugeluting stent should be avoided in the treatment of myocardial infarction.
Effects of maternal exercise on infant mesenchymal stem cell mitochondrial function, insulin action, and body composition in infancy
Authors: Jevtovic Filip , Zheng Donghai , Claiborne Alex , Biagioni Ericka M. , Wisseman Breanna L. , Krassovskaia Polina M. , Collier David N. , Isler Christy , DeVente James E. , Neufer P. Darrell , Houmard Joseph A. , May Linda E. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractMaternal exercise (ME) has been established as a useful non‐pharmacological intervention to improve infant metabolic health; however, mechanistic insight behind these adaptations remains mostly confined to animal models. Infant mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) give rise to infant tissues (e.g., skeletal muscle), and remain involved in mature tissue maintenance. Importantly, these cells maintain metabolic characteristics of an offspring donor and provide a model for the investigation of mechanisms behind infant metabolic health improvements. We used undifferentiated MSC to investigate if ME affects infant MSC mitochondrial function and insulin action, and if these adaptations are associated with lower infant adiposity. We found that infants from exercising mothers have improvements in MSC insulin signaling related to higher MSC respiration and fat oxidation, and expression and activation of energy‐sensing and redox‐sensitive proteins. Further, we found that infants exposed to exercise in utero were leaner at 1 month of age, with a significant inverse correlation between infant MSC respiration and infant adiposity at 6 months of age. These data suggest that infants from exercising mothers are relatively leaner, and this is associated with higher infant MSC mitochondrial respiration, fat use, and insulin action.
A greener RP-HPLC method for quaternary estimation of caffeine, paracetamol, levocetirizine, and phenylephrine acquiring AQbD with stability studies
Authors: Rosireddy Vineetha , Krishnan Manikandan 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe main objective of this article was to develop method and validate quaternary estimation of caffeine (CFE), paracetamol (PCM), levocetirizine (LEV), and phenylephrine (PHE) and to conduct degradation experiments using reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC). This was the first innovative approach to this drug combination, combining analytical quality by design with green analytical chemistry. This method was developed using HPLC Agilent 1220 Infinity II, a binary solvent delivery pump, an automatic sampling device injector, and a photodiode array detector. Agilent Inertsil ODS 3 (250 mm × 4.6 mm, 5 μm) was used for separation. The mobile phase is composed of ethanol and 10 mM phosphate buffer (pH 3). To adjust the pH, 1% of orthophosphoric acid was used. The flow rate was set to 0.8 ml·min−1, the injection volume was 10 μl, and the detecting wavelength was 220 nm. The analytes were eluted via gradient elution. The retention time for PCM was 3.5 min, CFE was 8.1 min, PHE was 15.9 min, and LEV was 20.5 min. Green evaluation tools used in this research include Green Analytical Procedure Index, analytical eco-scale, analytical greenness, analytical method greenness score, and carbon footprint analysis. The developed method was greener than the previously reported method, as per the results of the greenness evaluation tools.