bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Electronic Health Record–Based Decision Support to Improve Asthma Care: A Cluster-Randomized Trial
Authors: Bell Louis M. , Grundmeier Robert , Localio Russell , Zorc Joseph , Fiks Alexander G. , Zhang Xuemei , Stephens Tyra Bryant , Swietlik Marguerite , Guevara James P. 
Published: March 2010

OBJECTIVE:
Asthma continues to be 1 of the most common chronic diseases of childhood and affects ∼6 million US children. Although National Asthma Education Prevention Program guidelines exist and are widely accepted, previous studies have demonstrated poor clinician adherence across a variety of populations. We sought to determine if clinical decision support (CDS) embedded in an electronic health record (EHR) would improve clinician adherence to national asthma guidelines in the primary care setting.

METHODS:
We conducted a prospective cluster-randomized trial in 12 primary care sites over a 1-year period. Practices were stratified for analysis according to whether the site was urban or suburban. Children aged 0 to 18 years with persistent asthma were identified by International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision codes for asthma. The 6 intervention-practice sites had CDS alerts imbedded in the EHR. Outcomes of interest were the proportion of children with at least 1 prescription for controller medication, an up-to-date asthma care plan, and the performance of office-based spirometry.

RESULTS:
Increases in the number of prescriptions for controller medications, over time, was 6% greater (P = .006) and 3% greater for spirometry (P = .04) in the intervention urban practices. Filing an up-to-date asthma care plan improved 14% (P = .03) and spirometry improved 6% (P = .003) in the suburban practices with the intervention.

CONCLUSION:
In our study, using a cluster-randomized trial design, CDS in the EHR, at the point of care, improved clinician compliance with National Asthma Education Prevention Program guidelines.
A Systematic Review of Motor and Cognitive Outcomes After Early Surgery for Congenital Heart Disease
Authors: Snookes Suzanne H. , Gunn Julia K. , Eldridge Bev J. , Donath Susan M. , Hunt Rod W. , Galea Mary P. , Shekerdemian Lara 
Published: March 2010

CONTEXT:Brain injury is the most common long-term complication of congenital heart disease requiring surgery during infancy. It is clear that the youngest patients undergoing cardiac surgery, primarily neonates and young infants, are at the greatest risk for brain injury. Developmental anomalies sustained early in life have lifelong repercussions.OBJECTIVE:We conducted a systematic review to examine longitudinal studies of cognitive and/or motor outcome after cardiac surgery during early infancy.METHODS:Electronic searches were performed in Medline, the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (Cinahl), and Embase (1998–2008). The search strategy yielded 327 articles, of which 65 were reviewed. Eight cohorts provided prospective data regarding the cognitive and/or motor outcome of infants who had undergone surgery for congenital heart disease before 6 months of age. Two authors, Ms Snookes and Dr Gunn, independently extracted data and presented results according to 3 subgroups for age of follow-up: early development (1 to &lt;3 years); preschool age (3–5 years); and school age (&gt;5 to 17 years). Weighted analysis was undertaken to pool the results of studies when appropriate.RESULTS:All of the identified studies reported results of the Bayley Scales of Infant Development for children younger than the age of 3. Outcome data as reported by the Bayley Scales were combined for infants assessed at 1 year of age, revealing a weighted mean Mental Development Index of 90.3 (95% confidence interval: 88.9–91.6) and Psychomotor Development Index of 78.1 (95% confidence interval: 76.4–79.7). Additional analysis was limited by a lack of data at preschool and school age.CONCLUSIONS:With this review we identified a limited number of prospective studies that systematically addressed outcome in patients at the highest risk. These studies consistently revealed cognitive and motor delay in children after cardiac surgery during early infancy. Additional investigation is required to ascertain the consequences of such impairment during later childhood and into adult life.
Synthesis and biological activity of some new 1-benzyl and 1-benzoyl-3-heterocyclic indole derivatives
Authors: El-Sawy Eslam , Bassyouni Fatma , Abu-Bakr Sherifa , Rady Hanaa , Abdlla Mohamed 
Published: March 2010

Synthesis and biological activity of some new 1-benzyl and 1-benzoyl-3-heterocyclic indole derivativesStarting from 1-benzyl- (2a) and 1-benzoyl-3-bromoacetyl indoles (2b) new heterocyclic, 2-thioxoimidazolidine (4a, b), imidazolidine-2,4-dione (5a, b), pyrano(2,3-d)imida-zole (8a, band9a, b), 2-substituted quinoxaline (11a, b-17a, b) and triazolo(4,3-a)quinoxaline derivatives (18a, band19a, b) were synthesized and evaluated for their antimicrobial and anticancer activities. Antimicrobial activity screening performed with concentrations of 0.88, 0.44 and 0.22 μg mm-2showed that 3-(1-substituted indol-3-yl)quinoxalin-2(1H)ones (11a, b) and 2-(4-methyl piperazin-1-yl)-3-(1-substituted indol-3-yl) quinoxalines (15a, b) were the most active of all the tested compounds towardsP. aeruginosa, B. cereusandS. aureuscompared to the reference drugs cefotaxime and piperacillin, while 2-chloro-3-(1-substituted indol-3-yl)quinoxalines (12a, b) were the most active against C.albicanscompared to the reference drug nystatin. On the other hand, 2-chloro-3-(1-benzyl indol-3-yl) quinoxaline12adisplay potent efficacy against ovarian cancer xenografts in nude mice with tumor growth suppression of 100.0 ± 0.3 %.
Isolation and free-radical-scavenging properties of cyanidin 3-O-glycosides from the fruits of Ribes biebersteinii Berl.
Authors: Delazar Abbas , Khodaie Laleh , Afshar Jalil , Nahar Lutfun , Sarker Satyajit 
Published: March 2010

Isolation and free-radical-scavenging properties of cyanidin 3-O-glycosides from the fruits of Ribes biebersteinii Berl.
The reversed-phase preparative high performance liquid chromatographic purification of the methanol extract of the fruits of Ribes biebersteinii Berl. (Grossulariaceae) afforded five cyanidin glycosides, 3-O-sambubiosyl-5-O-glucosyl cyanidin (1), cyanidin 3-O-sambubioside (2), cyanidin 3-O-glucoside (3), cyanidin 3-O-(2G-xylosyl)-rutinoside (4) and cyanidin 3-O-rutinoside (5). They showed considerable free-radical-scavenging properties in the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay with the RC50 values of 9.29 × 10-6, 9.33 × 10-6, 8.31 × 10-6, 8.96 × 10-6 and 9.55 × 10-6 mol L-1, respectively. The structures of these compounds were elucidated by various chemical hydrolyses and spectroscopic means. The total anthocyanin content was 1.9 g per 100 g dried fruits on cyanidin 3-glucoside basis.
Box-Behnken experimental design in the development of pectin-compritol ATO 888 compression coated colon targeted drug delivery of mesalamine
Authors: Patel Nirav , Patel Jayvadan , Shah Shreeraj 
Published: March 2010

Box-Behnken experimental design in the development of pectin-compritol ATO 888 compression coated colon targeted drug delivery of mesalamineThe aim of this study was to investigate the combined influence of 3 independent variables in the compression coated tablet of mesalamine for ulcerative colitis. A 3-factor, 3-level Box-Behnken design was used to derive a second order polynomial equation and construct contour plots to predict responses. The independent variables selected were: percentage of polymers (pectin and compritol ATO 888) in compression coating (X1), coating mass (X2) and coating force (X3). Fifteen batches were prepared and evaluated for percent of drug released in 5 h (Y5), time required for 50 % mesalamine to dissolve (t50) with rat cecal (RC) content and without rat cecal content (t50), percent of drug released in 24 h in the presence of rat cecal content (Y24with RC). Transformed values of independent and dependent variables were subjected to multiple regressions to establish a full-model second-order polynomial equation.Fwas calculated to confirm the omission of insignificant terms from the full-model equation. The computer optimization process and contour plots predicted the levels of independent variablesX1,X2, andX3(0, 0.2 and -0.15, respectively) for colon targeting and total percent of drug released up to 24 h.
Two New Species of the Genus Sycophila (Hymenoptera, Eurytomadae) from Yemen
Authors: Zerova M. , van Harten A. 
Published: March 2010

Two New Species of the Genus Sycophila (Hymenoptera, Eurytomadae) from Yemen
Two new species of the genus Sycophila Walker from Yemen are described. Sycophila yemeni Zerova, sp. n. (type locality: Ta'izz, Yemen) is similar to Sycophila kestraneura (Masi) (Africa) but differs in shorter radial vein and longer gasteral petiolus in female. Sycophila setulosa Zerova, sp. n. (type locality: Ta'izz, Yemen) differs from all known Sycophila species in having the long bristles at the base of parastigma (upper side).
Ethological Aspects of Honeybee Apis mellifera (Hymenoptera, Apidae), Adaptation to Parasitic Mite Varroa Destructor (Mesostigmata, Varroidae) Invasion
Authors: Akimov I. , Kiryushyn V. 
Published: March 2010

Ethological Aspects of HoneybeeApis mellifera(Hymenoptera, Apidae), Adaptation to Parasitic MiteVarroa Destructor(Mesostigmata, Varroidae) InvasionSome ethological aspects ofA. melliferaLinnaeus, 1758 (Hymenoptera, Apidae), adaptation to parasiting the miteV. destructorAnderson et Trueman (Mesostigmata, Varroidae) are shown. The basic complexes of behaviour reactions, directed on a fight against the parasitic mites of bees brood at the genusApisare shown, their comparative efficiency under various conditions and evolutional perspective. Possibility of ethological adaptation of honey bee toV. destructorparasiting, direction of selection by this sign and influencing of human on parasitic-host system was discussed. An approach to the selection of bees with the purpose of resistanse to varroosis promoution is proposed.
Tobacco use and secondhand smoke exposure during pregnancy in two African countries: Zambia and the Democratic Republic of the Congo
Authors: CHOMBA ELWYN , TSHEFU ANTOINETTE , ONYAMBOKO MARIE , KASEBA‐SATA CHRISTINE , MOORE JANET , MCCLURE ELIZABETH M , MOSS NANCY , GOCO NORMAN , BLOCH MICHELE , GOLDENBERG ROBERT L 
Published: March 2010

AbstractObjective.To study pregnant women's knowledge, attitudes and behaviors towards tobacco use and secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure, and exposure to advertising for and against tobacco products in Zambia and the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC).Design.Prospective cross‐sectional survey between November 2004 and September 2005.Setting.Antenatal care clinics in Lusaka, Zambia, and Kinshasa, DRC.Population.Pregnant women in Zambia (909) and the DRC (847).Methods.Research staff administered a structured questionnaire to pregnant women attending antenatal care clinics.Main outcome measures.Pregnant women's use of tobacco, exposure to SHS, knowledge of the harms of tobacco and exposure to advertising for and against tobacco products.Results.Only about 10% of pregnant women reported ever having tried cigarettes (6.6% Zambia; 14.1% DRC). However, in the DRC, 41.8% of pregnant women had tried other forms of tobacco, primarily snuff. About 10% of pregnant women and young children were frequently or always exposed to SHS. Pregnant women's knowledge of the hazards of smoking and SHS exposure was extremely limited. About 13% of pregnant women had seen or heard advertising for tobacco products in the last 30 days.Conclusions.Tobacco use and SHS exposure pose serious threats to the health of women, infants and children. In many African countries, maternal and infant health outcomes are often poor and will likely worsen if maternal tobacco use increases. Our findings suggest that a ‘window of opportunity’ exists to prevent increased tobacco use and SHS exposure of pregnant women in Zambia and the DRC.
Single-joint Outcome Measures: Preliminary Validation of Patient-reported Outcomes and Physical Examination
Authors: HEALD ALISON E. , FUDMAN EDWARD J. , ANKLESARIA PERVIN , MEASE PHILIP J. 
Published: March 2010

Objective.To assess the validity, responsiveness, and reliability of single-joint outcome measures for determining target joint (TJ) response in patients with inflammatory arthritis.Methods.Patient-reported outcomes (PRO), consisting of responses to single questions about TJ global status on a 100-mm visual analog scale (VAS; TJ global score), function on a 100-mm VAS (TJ function score), and pain on a 5-point Likert scale (TJ pain score) were piloted in 66 inflammatory arthritis subjects in a phase 1/2 clinical study of an intraarticular gene transfer agent and compared to physical examination measures (TJ swelling, TJ tenderness) and validated function questionnaires (Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand scale, Rheumatoid Arthritis Outcome Score, and the Health Assessment Questionnaire). Construct validity was assessed by evaluating the correlation between the single-joint outcome measures and validated function questionnaires using Spearman’s rank correlation. Responsiveness or sensitivity to change was assessed through calculating effect size and standardized response means (SRM). Reliability of physical examination measures was assessed by determining interobserver agreement.Results.The single-joint PRO were highly correlated with each other and correlated well with validated functional measures. The TJ global score exhibited modest effect size and modest SRM that correlated well with the patient’s assessment of response on a 100-mm VAS. Physical examination measures exhibited high interrater reliability, but correlated less well with validated functional measures and the patient’s assessment of response.Conclusion.Single-joint PRO, particularly the TJ global score, are simple to administer and demonstrate construct validity and responsiveness in patients with inflammatory arthritis. (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT00126724)
The Effect of Lupus Nephritis on Pregnancy Outcome and Fetal and Maternal Complications
Authors: GLADMAN DAFNA D. , TANDON ANU , IBAÑEZ DOMINIQUE , UROWITZ MURRAY B. 
Published: March 2010

Objective.To evaluate the effect of lupus nephritis on pregnancy with respect to fetal outcome, maternal complications, and lupus activity.Methods.All pregnancies seen between 1970 and 2003 in the Lupus Clinic were evaluated for the 3 outcomes. Renal disease was defined as the presence of nephrotic syndrome, dialysis, renal transplant, serum creatinine > 120 mmol/l, proteinuria, sterile hematuria and pyuria, or the presence of casts. Fetal complications were evaluated in pregnancies resulting in either live births or stillbirths. Generalized estimating equations were used to test for differences in outcomes between pregnancies with and without the presence of active renal disease. Repeated measures adjustments were made in the model for multiple pregnancies in the same mother.Results.There were 193 pregnancies in 104 women. Of these, 81 occurred in the presence of active renal disease during the study period, defined as 6 months prior to conception until the date of pregnancy outcome. One hundred twelve pregnancies were defined as nonrenal. No statistical difference was found in pregnancy outcome. Fetal complications were not different between the 2 groups with the exception of low birth weight and congenital malformations, which were observed more frequently in the renal group. Pregnancy-induced hypertension was more frequent in pregnancies with renal disease. Lupus flares were also more likely to occur in pregnancies with renal disease compared to those without.Conclusion.Lupus nephritis in pregnancy does not lead to worsened pregnancy or fetal outcomes. Active renal disease, however, is associated with pregnancy-induced hypertension, as well as a flare of lupus activity during pregnancy.
Genetic Variations in Genes Encoding RANK, RANKL, and OPG in Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Case-Control Study
Authors: ASSMANN GUNTER , KOENIG JOCHEM , PFREUNDSCHUH MICHAEL , EPPLEN JOERG T. , KEKOW JOERN , ROEMER KLAUS , WIECZOREK STEFAN 
Published: March 2010

Objective.Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a systemic autoimmune disease characterized by chronic inflammation of the joints, which may lead to structural damage of the cartilage and bone. The receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB (RANK) and the osteoprotegerin (OPG) cascade system have been reported to be essential in osteoclastogenesis. Genetic variations in the genes coding for RANK, RANK ligand (RANKL), and OPG are thought to play roles in the susceptibility to RA.Methods.In our case-control study, genomic DNA was obtained from 534 patients with RA who fulfilled the American College of Rheumatology 1987 criteria and 516 healthy control blood donors (HC). We studied 7 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in the genes of RANK (2 SNP: rs1805034, rs35211496), OPG (2 SNP: rs3102735, rs2073618), and RANKL (3 SNP: rs9533156, rs2277438, rs1054016) using TaqMan assay-guided polymerase chain reaction. Genotype and allelic frequencies comparing RA patients with HC were analyzed by chi-square test for 2 × 3 and 2 × 2 tables, respectively.Results.Genotype distributions of the SNP rs35211496 in the RANK gene as well as the SNP rs2277438 in the RANKL gene differed significantly between patients with RA and HC. The frequency of the minor allele of rs9533156 of RANKL was significantly higher in patients with RA than in HC (OR 0.84, 95% CI 0.71–0.99, p = 0.047). Multivariate analysis adjusted to sex and investigating SNP demonstrated a significantly elevated risk for RA associated with the major allele in the RANK SNP rs35211496 (p = 0.0231) and with the minor allele in the RANKL SNP rs2277438 (p = 0.0092). No significantly increased risk was detected in the other SNP.Conclusion.The minor allele of the RANK SNP rs35211496 may be protective against RA, while the minor alleles of the RANKL SNP rs2277438 may increase susceptibility to RA.
CD11chi Dendritic Cells Regulate the Re-establishment of Vascular Quiescence and Stabilization after Immune Stimulation of Lymph Nodes
Authors: Tzeng Te-Chen , Chyou Susan , Tian Sha , Webster Brian , Carpenter April C. , Guaiquil Victor H. , Lu Theresa T. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractLymph node expansion during immune responses is accompanied by rapid vascular expansion. The re-establishment of quiescence and stabilization of the newly expanded vasculature and the regulatory mechanisms involved have not been well studied. We show that although initiation of vascular expansion in immune-stimulated nodes is associated with upregulated endothelial cell proliferation, increased high endothelial venule trafficking efficiency and VCAM-1 expression, and disrupted perivascular fibroblastic reticular cell organization, the re-establishment of vascular quiescence and stabilization postexpansion is characterized by reversal of these phenomena. Although CD11cmed cells are associated with the initiation of vascular expansion, CD11chiMHC class II (MHC II)med dendritic cells (DCs) accumulate later, and their short-term depletion in mice abrogates the re-establishment of vascular quiescence and stabilization. CD11chiMHC IImed cells promote endothelial cell quiescence in vitro and, in vivo, mediate quiescence at least in part by mediating reduced lymph node vascular endothelial growth factor. Disrupted vascular quiescence and stabilization in expanded nodes is associated with attenuated T cell-dependent B cell responses. These results describe a novel mechanism whereby CD11chiMHC IImed DCs regulate the re-establishment of vascular quiescence and stabilization after lymph node vascular expansion and suggest that these DCs function in part to orchestrate the microenvironmental alterations required for successful immunity.
Inhibitor of NF-κB Kinases α and β Are Both Essential for High Mobility Group Box 1-Mediated Chemotaxis
Authors: Penzo Marianna , Molteni Raffaella , Suda Tomomi , Samaniego Sylvia , Raucci Angela , Habiel David M. , Miller Frederick , Jiang Hui-ping , Li Jun , Pardi Ruggero , Palumbo Roberta , Olivotto Eleonora , Kew Richard R. , Bianchi Marco E. , Marcu Kenneth B. 
Published: March 2010

Abstract
Inhibitor of NF-κB kinases β (IKKβ) and α (IKKα) activate distinct NF-κB signaling modules. The IKKβ/canonical NF-κB pathway rapidly responds to stress-like conditions, whereas the IKKα/noncanonical pathway controls adaptive immunity. Moreover, IKKα can attenuate IKKβ-initiated inflammatory responses. High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), a chromatin protein, is an extracellular signal of tissue damage-attracting cells in inflammation, tissue regeneration, and scar formation. We show that IKKα and IKKβ are each critically important for HMGB1-elicited chemotaxis of fibroblasts, macrophages, and neutrophils in vitro and neutrophils in vivo. By time-lapse microscopy we dissected different parameters of the HMGB1 migration response and found that IKKα and IKKβ are each essential to polarize cells toward HMGB1 and that each kinase also differentially affects cellular velocity in a time-dependent manner. In addition, HMGB1 modestly induces noncanonical IKKα-dependent p52 nuclear translocation and p52/RelB target gene expression. Akin to IKKα and IKKβ, p52 and RelB are also required for HMGB1 chemotaxis, and p52 is essential for cellular orientation toward an HMGB1 gradient. RAGE, a ubiquitously expressed HMGB1 receptor, is required for HMGB1 chemotaxis. Moreover, IKKβ, but not IKKα, is required for HMGB1 to induce RAGE mRNA, suggesting that RAGE is at least one IKKβ target involved in HMGB1 migration responses, and in accord with these results enforced RAGE expression rescues the HMGB1 migration defect of IKKβ, but not IKKα, null cells. Thus, proinflammatory HMGB1 chemotactic responses mechanistically require the differential collaboration of both IKK-dependent NF-κB signaling pathways.
Analysis of Mitochondrial Dynamics and Functions Using Imaging Approaches
Authors: Mitra Kasturi , Lippincott‐Schwartz Jennifer 
Published: March 2010

AbstractMitochondria are organelles that have been primarily known as the powerhouse of the cell. However, recent advances in the field have revealed that mitochondria are also involved in many other cellular activities like lipid modifications, redox balance, calcium balance, and even controlled cell death. These multifunctional organelles are motile and highly dynamic in shapes and forms; the dynamism is brought about by the mitochondria's ability to undergo fission and fusion with each other. Therefore, it is very important to be able to image mitochondrial shape changes to relate to the variety of cellular functions these organelles have to accomplish. The protocols described here will enable researchers to perform steady‐state and time‐lapse imaging of mitochondria in live cells by using confocal microscopy. High‐resolution three‐dimensional imaging of mitochondria will not only be helpful in understanding mitochondrial structure in detail but it also could be used to analyze their structural relationships with other organelles in the cell. FRAP (fluorescence recovery after photobleaching) studies can be performed to understand mitochondrial dynamics or dynamics of any mitochondrial molecule within the organelle. The microirradiation assay can be performed to study functional continuity between mitochondria. A protocol for measuring mitochondrial potential has also been included in this unit. In conclusion, the protocols described here will aid the understanding of mitochondrial structure‐function relationship. Curr. Protoc. Cell Biol. 46:4.25.1‐4.25.21. © 2010 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.