bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Surfactant to dye binding degree method for the determination of fluvoxamine maleate and citalopram hydrobromide in pharmaceuticals
Authors: Amjadi Mohammad , Manzoori Jamshid , Hassanzadeh Javad 
Published: March 2010

Abstract
The surfactant to dye binding degree (SBDB) methodology was used to determine fluvoxamine maleate and citalopram hydrobromide. Neutral red and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) were used as the dye and surfactant, respectively, to form dye-surfactant aggregates. When a cationic drug is added to dye-surfactant mixture, it interacts with the surfactant and decreases the dye-surfactant binding degree. This decrease is proportional to the drug concentration. This was measured by monitoring the absorbance changes of the dye at 532 nm. Under the optimum conditions, the calibration graphs were linear over the range of 1.2–15 μg mL−1 and 1.1–15 μg mL−1 for fluvoxamine maleate and citalopram hydrobromide, respectively. The detection limits (signal to noise ratio = 3) were found to be 0.37 and 0.35 μg mL−1, for fluvoxamine maleate and citalopram hydrobromide, respectively.
Structure of isolated tyrosyl-glycyl-glycine tripeptide. A comparative conformational study with peptides containing an aromatic ring
Authors: Barrera Guisasola Exequiel , Masman Marcelo , Enriz Ricardo , Rodríguez Ana 
Published: March 2010

Abstract
The potential energy surface (PES) of tyrosyl-glycyl-glycine (YGG) tripeptide in solution was explored using EDMC (Electrostatically Driven Monte Carlo) and in the gas-phase by means of ab initio quantum chemical calculations. The theoretical computational analysis revealed that this tripeptide possesses a significant molecular flexibility. A C7 backbone conformation was the most energetically preferred for the central Gly residue, using both methodologies. Some new stable conformers that have not been previously reported were identified in the gas phase as well. This study points out the interplay of backbone and side-chain contributions in determining the relative stabilities of energy minima. In addition, the peptide backbone of YGG was compared with other small peptides containing aromatic side-chains (Phe-Gly-Gly and Trp-Gly-Gly). The comparison with experimental X-ray results was also satisfactory.
Reaction of metals with benzenediazonium tetrafluoroborate in aprotic solvents
Authors: Koval’chuk Eugen , Reshetnyak Oleksandr , Pereviznyk Orest , Marchuk Iryna , Smetanets’kyj Vasyl , Błażejowski Jerzy 
Published: March 2010

Abstract
The reaction of metals and glassy carbon with benzenediazonium tetrafluoroborate (BDFB) in aprotic solvents has been studied. During contact of Pt, Au, Ag, Pd, or V with glassy carbon in concentrated diazonium salt solution no change of color was observed. For Al, Ca, Cr, Cu, Fe, Ga, In, Mg, Li, Na, or Zn the process was accompanied by a rapid solution color change, rapid N2 release and the loss of metal sample mass. The copper metal ionization-dissolution was studied by ultraviolet and visible absorption spectroscopy, along with gravimetric and volumetric measurements. A dissolution mechanism was proposed based on kinetic, infrared, and X-ray diffraction data. The 432 nm absorption band appearing after Cu-BDFB reaction indicates formation of the mixed complex [Cu(N2C6H5·(N≡C-CH3)3]+ where the copper atom is covalently bonded to the azophenyl radical and coordinated to acetonitrile (ACN). This complex is thermodynamically unstable and decomposes slowly to a colorless crystalline and a black amorphous phase. The crystalline phase was identified as [Cu(NC-CH3)4]BF4. The amorphous phase is a mixture of products formed by azophenyl and phenyl radical condensation.
Flame atomic absorption spectrometric determination of trace amounts of lead, cadmium and nickel in different matrixes after solid phase extraction on modified multiwalled carbon nanotubes
Authors: Mohammadi S. , Afzali D. , Pourtalebi D. 
Published: March 2010

Abstract
The potential of modified multiwalled carbon nanotubes (a solid-phase extraction sorbent), for the simultaneous separation and preconcentration of lead, cadmium and nickel; has been investigated. Lead, cadmium and nickel, were adsorbed quantitatively; on modified multiwalled carbon nanotubes (in the pH range of 2–4). Parameters influencing, the simultaneous preconcentration of Pb(II), Ni(II) and Cd(II) ions (such as pH of the sample, sample and eluent flow rate, type and volume of elution solution and interfering ions), have been examined and optimized. Under the optimum experimental conditions, the detection limits of this method. for Pb(II), Ni(II) and Cd(II) ions, were 0.32, 0.17 and 0.04 ng mL−1 in original solution, respectively. Seven replicate determinations, of a mixture of 2.0 μg mL−1 lead and nickel, and 1.0 μg mL−1 cadmium; gave a mean absorbance of 0.074, 0.151 and 0.310, with relative standard deviation 1.7%, 1.5% and 1.2%, respectively. The method has been applied, to the determination of trace amounts of lead, cadmium and nickel; in biological and water samples, with satisfactory results.
Toward Autonomous, Compliant, Omnidirectional Humanoid Robots for Natural Interaction in Real-Life Settings
Authors: Michaud François , Ferland François , Létourneau Dominic , Legault Marc-Antoine , Lauria Michel 
Published: March 2010

Abstract
The field of robotics has made steady progress in the pursuit of bringing autonomous machines into real-life settings. Over the last 3 years, we have seen omnidirectional humanoid platforms that now bring compliance, robustness and adaptiveness to handle the unconstrained situations of the real world. However, today’s contributions mostly address only a portion of the physical, cognitive or evaluative dimensions, which are all interdependent. This paper presents an overview of our attempt to integrate as a whole all three dimensions into a robot named Johnny-0. We present Johnny-0’s distinct contributions in simultaneously exploiting compliance at the locomotion level, in grounding reasoning and actions through behaviors, and in considering all possible factors experimenting in the wildness of the real world.
Cognitive map plasticity and imitation strategies to improve individual and social behaviors of autonomous agents
Authors: Laroque Philippe , Gaussier Nathalie , Cuperlier Nicolas , Quoy Mathias , Gaussier Philippe 
Published: March 2010

Abstract
Starting from neurobiological hypotheses on the existence of place cells (PC) in the brain, the aim of this article is to show how little assumptions at both individual and social levels can lead to the emergence of non-trivial global behaviors in a multi-agent system (MAS). In particular, we show that adding a simple, hebbian learning mechanism on a cognitive map allows autonomous, situated agents to adapt themselves in a dynamically changing environment, and that even using simple agent-following strategies (driven either by similarities in the agent movement, or by individual marks - “signatures” - in agents) can dramatically improve the global performance of the MAS, in terms of survival rate of the agents. Moreover, we show that analogies can be made between such a MAS and the emergence of certain social behaviors.
Tracking and segmentation using min-cut with consecutive shape priors
Authors: Wang Junqiu , Yagi Yasushi 
Published: March 2010

Abstract
Tracking and segmentation find a wide range of applications such as intelligent sensing of robots, human-computer interaction, and video surveillance. Tracking and segmentation, however, are challenging for many reasons, e.g., complicated object shapes, cluttered background. We propose a tracking and segmentation algorithm that employs shape priors in a consecutive way. We found that shape information obtained using the Min-Cut algorithm can be applied in segmenting the consecutive frames. In our algorithm, the tracking and segmentation are carried out consecutively. We use an adaptive tracker that employs color and shape features. The target is modeled based on discriminative features selected using foreground/background contrast analysis. Tracking provides overall motion of the target for the segmentation module. Based on the overall motion, we segment object out using the effective min-cut algorithm. Markov Random Fields, which are the foundation of the min-cut algorithm, provide poor priors for specific shapes. It is necessary to embed shape priors into the min-cut algorithm to achieve reasonable segmentation results. Object shapes obtained by segmentation are employed as shape priors to improve segmentation in next frame. We have verified the proposed approach and got positive results on challenging video sequences.§
Voice-awareness control for a humanoid robot consistent with its body posture and movements
Authors: Otsuka Takuma , Nakadai Kazuhiro , Takahashi Toru , Komatani Kazunori , Ogata Tetsuya , Okuno Hiroshi G. 
Published: March 2010

Abstract
This paper presents voice-awareness control consistent with robot’s head movements. For a natural spoken communication between robots and humans, robots must behave and speak the way humans expect them to. The consistency between the robot’s voice quality and its body motion is one of the most especially striking factors in naturalness of robot speech. Our control is based on a new model of spectral envelope modification for vertical head motion, and left-right balance modulation for horizontal head motion. We assume that a pitch-axis rotation, or a vertical head motion, and a yaw-axis rotation, or a horizontal head motion, effect the voice quality independently. The spectral envelope modification model is constructed based on the analysis of human vocalizations. The left-right balance model is established by measuring impulse responses using a pair of microphones. Experimental results show that the voice-awareness is perceivable in a robot-to-robot dialogue when the robots stand up to 150 cm away. The dynamic change in the voice quality is also confirmed in the experiment.
Nonlinear predictive control based on neural multi-models
Authors: Ławryńczuk Maciej , Tatjewski Piotr 
Published: March 2010

Nonlinear predictive control based on neural multi-modelsThis paper discusses neural multi-models based on Multi Layer Perceptron (MLP) networks and a computationally efficient nonlinear Model Predictive Control (MPC) algorithm which uses such models. Thanks to the nature of the model it calculates future predictions without using previous predictions. This means that, unlike the classical Nonlinear Auto Regressive with eXternal input (NARX) model, the multi-model is not used recurrently in MPC, and the prediction error is not propagated. In order to avoid nonlinear optimisation, in the discussed suboptimal MPC algorithm the neural multi-model is linearised on-line and, as a result, the future control policy is found by solving of a quadratic programming problem.
The HeKatE methodology. Hybrid engineering of intelligent systems
Authors: Nalepa Grzegorz , Ligęza Antoni 
Published: March 2010

The HeKatE methodology. Hybrid engineering of intelligent systemsThis paper describes a new approach, the HeKatE methodology, to the design and development of complex rule-based systems for control and decision support. The main paradigm for rule representation, namely, eXtended Tabular Trees (XTT), ensures high density and transparency of visual knowledge representation. Contrary to traditional, flat rule-based systems, the XTT approach is focused on groups of similar rules rather than on single rules. Such groups form decision tables which are connected into a network for inference. Efficient inference is assured as only the rules necessary for achieving the goal, identified by the context of inference and partial order among tables, are fired. In the paper a new version of the language—XTT22—is presented. It is based on ALSV(FD) logic, also described in the paper. Another distinctive feature of the presented approach is a top-down design methodology based on successive refinement of the project. It starts with Attribute Relationship Diagram (ARD) development. Such a diagram represents relationships between system variables. Based on the ARD scheme, XTT tables and links between them are generated. The tables are filled with expert-provided constraints on values of the attributes. The code for rule representation is generated in a humanreadable representation called HMR and interpreted with a provided inference engine called HeaRT. A set of software tools supporting the visual design and development stages is described in brief.
A complete gradient clustering algorithm formed with kernel estimators
Authors: Kulczycki Piotr , Charytanowicz Małgorzata 
Published: March 2010

A complete gradient clustering algorithm formed with kernel estimatorsThe aim of this paper is to provide a gradient clustering algorithm in its complete form, suitable for direct use without requiring a deeper statistical knowledge. The values of all parameters are effectively calculated using optimizing procedures. Moreover, an illustrative analysis of the meaning of particular parameters is shown, followed by the effects resulting from possible modifications with respect to their primarily assigned optimal values. The proposed algorithm does not demand strict assumptions regarding the desired number of clusters, which allows the obtained number to be better suited to a real data structure. Moreover, a feature specific to it is the possibility to influence the proportion between the number of clusters in areas where data elements are dense as opposed to their sparse regions. Finally, the algorithm—by the detection of oneelement clusters—allows identifying atypical elements, which enables their elimination or possible designation to bigger clusters, thus increasing the homogeneity of the data set.
Oskar Vogt: The first myeloarchitectonic map of the human frontal cortex
Authors: Judaš Miloš , Cepanec Maja 
Published: March 2010

Abstract
The aim of this paper is threefold: (a) to provide the translation in English of Oskar Vogt’s seminal 1910 paper describing the first myeloarchitectonic map of the human frontal cortex, introduced by a brief historical review of Cécile & Oskar Vogt’s contribution to neuroscience; (b) to provide an annotated bibliography of major works of cortical cytoarchitectonics and myeloarchitectonics in the tradition of the Brodmann-Vogt architectonic school (Supplement 2); and (c) to provide an annotated bibliography of major works of the Russian architectonic school which was founded by Oskar Vogt (Supplement 3).
Perinatal treatment
Authors: Blažević Sofia , Jurčić Željka , Hranilović Dubravka 
Published: March 2010

Abstract
Serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5HT) regulates the development of 5HT neurons and target tissues during neurogenesis, while later it assumes the function of a neurotransmitter. Alterations in serotonin neurotransmission are indicated as biological substrates in several neuropsychiatric disorders, including autism. The most consistent 5HT-related finding in autistic disorder is hyperserotonemia, but the mechanism of its development and its relation to central 5HT dysfunction are still unclear. In an attempt to pharmacologically induce hyperserotonemia during the period of most intensive development of 5HT neurons, and to later investigate its effects on central 5HT functions, we have treated rats from gestational day 13 until postnatal day 21 with 2 mg/kg of the nonselective irreversible MAO inhibitor tranylcypromine (TCP). The control group received saline in the same manner. TCP treated rats displayed a long-lasting significant increase in platelet 5HT concentrations compared to the control rats. The TCP treated group had smaller litters, significantly lower pup survival rate, and slower weight gain during the post-weaning free-feeding period than the control group. Pups from the TCP group returned to their dams significantly slower than the control pups suggesting lower separation anxiety. Our results indicate that the perinatal treatment of rats with tranylcypromine has induced both, disregulation of the peripheral 5HT homeostasis and disturbances in central 5HT physiology in pups and young rats. The extent of the changes in the central serotonergic compartment in adult rats will be explored in our further studies.
Brain tau isoform mRNA and protein correlation in PSP brain
Authors: Connie Luk , Jana Vandrovcova , Elke Malzer , Andrew Lees , Rohan Silva 
Published: March 2010

Abstract
Insoluble aggregates of the microtubule associated protein, tau are pathological hallmarks of several neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease (AD), called tauopathies. The tau gene (MAPT) is alternatively spliced and the composition of resulting protein isoforms in aggregates is disease specific. Progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) is characterised by tangles predominantly containing isoforms with four microtubule binding repeat domains (4R-tau) suggesting that changes in isoform-specific mRNA expression play a role the pathogenesis of the disease. This is supported by the genetics of MAPT. In this study, we quantified expression of 3R- and 4R-tau isoforms at both the mRNA and protein levels in the caudate nucleus, a region severely affected by tau pathology. Results from real-time qPCR and a recently developed ELISA showed statistically significant increase in 4R-tau isoforms in PSP samples compared to controls. In addition, we measured soluble and insoluble hyperphosphorylated tau protein fractions in each PSP sample and compared to the corresponding mRNA transcript levels. No strong correlations were observed with either 3R- or 4R-tau. These findings confirmed the increased ratio of 4R-tau:3R-tau isoforms in PSP. However, we did not find a direct quantitative relationship between individual mRNA and protein levels suggesting a more complex regulation of isoform expression at the post-transcriptional level.
Plasticity to neonatal sensorimotor cortex injury
Authors: Galley Sarah , Clowry Gavin 
Published: March 2010

Abstract
A CST-YFP transgenic mouse has been developed for the study of the corticospinal tract in which yellow fluorescent protein is expressed under the control of thy1 and emx1 promoters in order to restrict expression to forebrain neurones. We explored plasticity of the developing corticospinal tract of these mice following a unilateral lesion to the sensorimotor cortex at postnatal day 7. The extent of innervation of the cervical spinal cord at time points post-lesion was assessed by measuring density of immunoperoxidase reactivity for yellow fluorescent protein in the dorsal funiculi and a defined region of each dorsal horn, and by counting immunoreactive axonal varicosities in the ventral horns. Two/three days post-lesion, the density of immunoreactivity in the dorsal horn contralateral to the lesion was reduced proportional to the decrease in positive fibres in the dorsal funiculus, however density of immunoreactive varicosities in the ventral horn was more resistant to loss. Over a three week period, immunoreactive axonal processes in the grey matter increased on the contralateral side, particularly in the ventral horn, but without an increase in immunopositive fibres in the contralateral dorsal funiculus, demonstrating sprouting of surviving immunoreactive fibres to replace lesioned corticospinal axons. However, the origin of sprouting fibres could not be identified with confidence as parallel observations revealed strongly immunoreactive neuronal cell bodies in the spinal cord, medulla and red nucleus. We have demonstrated plasticity in response to a developmental lesion but discovered a drawback to using these mice if visualisation of individual axons is enhanced by immunohistochemistry.
It Security System Development for State Institution
Authors: Lajevskis Vladimirs , Dorogovs Pjotrs , Romanovs Andrejs 
Published: March 2010

It Security System Development for State Institution
Nowadays the work efficiency and proficiency of public and private sector substantially depend on information technologies. In connection with the large volume of information stored in automated systems throughout the public sector, special attention should be paid to information security and security of actives. The main goals and tasks of information security, frameworks of IT security system are defined and analyzed in the paper; the standard of IT security system development is investigated, as well as international standards significance and guidance application within the development of IT security system. On the bases of research, the features of the State institutions are defined, which are necessary to take into consideration during the development of IT security system. The primary tasks of IT security system development are emphasized and the technique of development of IT security systems for State institutions is worked out.
Simulation-Based Analysis of Fitness Landscape in Optimisation
Authors: Merkuryeva Galina , Bolshakovs Vitalijs 
Published: March 2010

Simulation-Based Analysis of Fitness Landscape in OptimisationSimulation-based analysis of fitness landscape with application to optimisation problems is discussed in the paper. Methods of analysis of fitness landscapes and measures known in literature are reviewed. Procedure for simulation-based analysis of fitness landscape is introduced. Software prototype to perform this analysis is described. Case study for a vehicle scheduling problem with the time window constraints is given and demonstrates the main steps of fitness landscape analysis applied to simulation optimisation problem.
Multi-Agent Geosimulation of Urban Dynamics within the V-Devs Framework
Authors: Lektauers Arnis 
Published: March 2010

Multi-Agent Geosimulation of Urban Dynamics within the V-Devs FrameworkIn recent years, a number of research efforts have focused on presenting solutions for modelling and simulation of urban systems using automata-based models allowing a transition from large scale, aggregate spatial representation in a static equilibrium to much finer scale disaggregate forms where dynamic processes are the primary focus of the simulation. In this paper a conceptual framework for integrating of agent-based models with cellular automata, geographic automata systems and geographic information systems in the context of modelling and simulation of urban systems is proposed. The proposed framework uses Visual Discrete Event System Specification (V-DEVS) that provides integrated modelling and simulation in a virtual interactive simulation environment, in a such way solving the existing problem that multi-agent systems and geographic information systems separately do not provide truly integrative modelling and simulation capabilities.
Clustering Methodology for Time Series Mining
Authors: Grabusts Pēteris , Borisov Arkady 
Published: March 2010

Clustering Methodology for Time Series MiningA time series is a sequence of real data, representing the measurements of a real variable at time intervals. Time series analysis is a sufficiently well-known task; however, in recent years research has been carried out with the purpose to try to use clustering for the intentions of time series analysis. The main motivation for representing a time series in the form of clusters is to better represent the main characteristics of the data. The central goal of the present research paper was to investigate clustering methodology for time series data mining, to explore the facilities of time series similarity measures and to use them in the analysis of time series clustering results. More complicated similarity measures include Longest Common Subsequence method (LCSS). In this paper, two tasks have been completed. The first task was to define time series similarity measures. It has been established that LCSS method gives better results in the detection of time series similarity than the Euclidean distance. The second task was to explore the facilities of the classical k-means clustering algorithm in time series clustering. As a result of the experiment a conclusion has been drawn that the results of time series clustering with the help of k-means algorithm correspond to the results obtained with LCSS method, thus the clustering results of the specific time series are adequate.