bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Injection laryngoplasty with micronized dermis: A 10‐year experience with 381 injections in 344 patients
Authors: Tan Melin , Woo Peak 
Published: August 2010

AbstractObjective:Micronized Dermis (MD) has been used for injection laryngoplasty for correction of glottic insufficiency since 2000. There is controversy whether the material is temporary or permanent. This is a retrospective review of 381 injections in 344 patients. From this review, we hope to better define the role of MD in injection laryngoplasty.Method:Retrospective chart review from a single surgeon (2000–2010)Results:The indications for MD were for both temporary and permanent correction of glottic insufficiency. The diagnoses were: vocal fold paralysis (n = 216), scar (n = 51), atrophy (n = 42), sulcus (n = 22), and others (n = 13). The material has the best effect when placed into the membranous vocal fold just lateral to the vocal ligament. The operative and postoperative complication was 1.05%. Twenty‐nine percent of all injections resulted in unwanted absorption. Overinjection was needed and transcervical approach was preferred to prevent implant extrusion with overinjection. The median volume of injected material has increased from 0.8 cc to 1.0 cc over the decade. In 159 patients with long‐term follow‐up (>1 year), there was a 14% incidence of reinjection. Despite this, the overall need for open procedures in patients with long‐term follow‐up was 20%.Conclusions:Despite the problems of inconsistency in preparation, slow absorption and need for overinjection, micronized dermis is a safe allograft material that has long‐term (>1 year) stability. The material may reduce the need for open surgery. It can be used for both temporary and permanent vocal fold augmentation. Laryngoscope, 2010
Phase Transition and Phase Transformation in Block Copolymer Nanoparticles
Authors: Higuchi Takeshi , Motoyoshi Kiwamu , Sugimori Hidekazu , Jinnai Hiroshi , Yabu Hiroshi , Shimomura Masatsugu 
Published: August 2010

AbstractBlock copolymer nanopaticles were prepared from the mixture solutions containing good/poor solvents by a simple evaporation process. The block copolymers formed disorder, unidirectionally stacked lamellar, and onion‐like structures in nanoparticles depending on preparation temperatures. Thermal annealing induced the disorder‐order phase transition and order‐order phase transformation in the block copolymer nanoparticles, even though the annealing temperature is lower than the of one polymer segment. The unusual thermal behaviors suggest that the glass transition temperature of the block copolymer is decreased by the effect of nanoparticle, whose surface areas are larger than their volumes.magnified image
Clinical spectrum of Kufor‐Rakeb syndrome in the Chilean kindred with ATP13A2 mutations
Authors: Behrens Maria I. , Brüggemann Norbert , Chana Pedro , Venegas Pablo , Kägi Marianne , Parrao Teresa , Orellana Patricia , Garrido Cristian , Rojas Cecilia V. , Hauke Jan , Hahnen Eric , González Rafael , Seleme Nicolas , Fernández Verónica , Schmidt Alexander , Binkofski Ferdinand , Kömpf Detlef , Kubisch Christian , Hagenah Johann , Klein Christine , Ramirez Alfredo 
Published: August 2010

AbstractWe report the clinical features of the original Chilean family with Kufor‐Rakeb syndrome (KRS) that led to the discovery of the ATP13A2 gene at the PARK9 locus. KRS is a rare juvenile‐onset autosomal recessive disease characterized by progressive Parkinsonism, pyramidal signs, and cognitive decline in addition to vertical gaze palsy and facial‐faucial‐finger minimyoclonus. Neurological and neuropsychological examination during a 10‐year period, videotaping, neuroimaging, and measurement of DNA methylation of the ATP13A2 promoter region were performed. The youngest 5 of 17 children of nonconsanguineous parents, carrying compound‐heterozygous ATP13A2 mutations, had normal development until ages ∼10 to 12 years, when school performance deteriorated and slowness, rigidity, and frequent falls developed. Examination revealed bradykinesia, subtle postural/action tremor, cogwheel rigidity, spasticity, upward gaze palsy, smooth pursuit with saccadic intrusions, and dementia. Additional signs included facial‐faucial‐finger minimyoclonus, absent postural reflexes, visual/auditory hallucinations, and insomnia. Levodopa response could not be fully judged in this family. T2* magnetic resonance imaging sequences revealed marked diffuse hypointensity of the caudate (head and body) and lenticular nucleus bilaterally. Disease progression was slow including epilepsy, cachexia, and anarthria. Four affected members died after 28.5 ± 5.5 (mean ± SD) years of disease. Two heterozygous carriers, the mother and eldest sibling, showed jerky perioral muscle contractions and clumsiness of hand movements. There was no significant correlation between DNA methylation of the ATP13A2 promoter region and disease progression. The marked caudate and lenticular nucleus T2*‐hypointensity suggests that KRS might belong to the family of neurodegenerative diseases associated with brain iron accumulation. © 2010 Movement Disorder Society.
Eight‐year experience of the Cook‐Swartz Doppler in free‐flap operations: Microsurgical and reexploration results with regard to a wide spectrum of surgeries
Authors: Schmulder Ariel , Gur Eyal , Zaretski Arik 
Published: August 2010

AbstractBackground:Microvascular free flap has become an increasingly popular useful method of reconstruction over the past few decades. Minimizing failure rates in these operations is a primary goal in every microsurgical unit that can be accomplished by early recognition.Methods:In this retrospective study, we tracked the admission of the implantable Doppler in the microsurgical unit (2000–2007) and evaluated parameters measured from 473 consecutive patients who underwent a total of 548 microsurgical procedures (489 primary surgeries and 59 reexplorations). The effectiveness of the Cook‐Swartz Doppler (Cook Medical®) was examined in juxtapose general and subspecialty's aspects: in each microsurgical subspecialty, we compared the overall success and failure rates of the group with the implantable Doppler (n = 259) with the control group monitored by clinical means (n = 289). We also examined the duration, outcomes, and the effectiveness of this device in reexploration operations.Results:Overall, success rates were improved by using the implantable Doppler contrary to clinical assessment (96.14% vs. 89.27%) with a statistical significant (P < 0.005). The device was most effective in ENT (94.6% vs. 84%), breast reconstructive surgeries (97.3% vs. 82.36%), and orthopedic oncology (97.37% vs. 83.72%), whereas with reanimation operations and trauma/orthopedics subspecialties, it showed no necessity. In neurosurgery and in other/esthetic surgeries, the study was too small to draw definite deductions.Conclusions:We recommend the usage of the implantable Doppler probe as an effective monitoring system for free‐flap surgeries, with emphasis on subspecialties where the device demonstrated better results than traditional monitoring methods. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. Microsurgery, 2011.
A coupled fluid–solid model for problems in geomechanics: Application to sand production
Authors: Boutt D. F. , Cook B. K. , Williams J. R. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractSome of the most challenging problems in geomechanics involve the coupling between fluid flow and solid deformation. In this paper we briefly present an overview of existing coupling methods to problems involving fluid flow and deformation and describe testing of a new discrete‐based coupling method for problems in porous media. Modeled permeability and porosity distributions are compared to idealized packed assemblies and results are presented for simulations of steady flow through porous media. Previously published results for the coupled model focused on few or multiple particles in a fluid, whereas our results show good agreement to packed assemblies of particles (i.e. porous media). Finally, the two‐dimensional model is applied to sand production, a common problem in geomechanics. Sand production is defined as the co‐production of both a fluid and solid phase in oil and gas wells. In our models, we capture initial sand production associated with early‐time drawdown. Later‐time results show episodic sanding rates associated with formation stability and instabilities. Both observations are qualitatively consistent with laboratory and field observations. We find that high confining pressure inhibits the production of sand, through elevated interparticle contact forces. It is argued that these physically based models have a use in testing and evaluating competing hypotheses of sand production but their applicability is currently limited to small spatial and temporal scales. We believe these models bridge an important gap between the underlying physics of micro‐mechanical interactions of fluid and solid grains and the continuum descriptions of those systems. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Treatment of slip locking for displacement‐based finite element analysis of composite beam–columns
Authors: Erkmen R. Emre , Bradford Mark A. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractIn the conventional displacement‐based finite element analysis of composite beam–columns that consist of two Euler–Bernoulli beams juxtaposed with a deformable shear connection, the coupling of the transverse and longitudinal displacement fields may cause oscillations in slip field and reduction in optimal convergence rate, known as slip locking. This locking phenomenon is typical of multi‐field problems of this type, and is known to produce erroneous results for the displacement‐based finite element analysis of composite beam–columns based on cubic transverse and linear longitudinal interpolation fields. This paper introduces strategies including the assumed strain method, discrete strain gap method, and kinematic interpolatory technique to alleviate the oscillations in slip and curvature, and improve the convergence performance of the displacement‐based finite element analysis of composite beam–columns. A systematic solution of the differential equations of equilibrium is also provided, and a superconvergent element is developed in this paper. Numerical results presented illustrate the accuracy of the proposed modifications. The solutions based on the superconvergent element provide benchmark results for the performance of these proposed formulations. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Analysis of components depth profile at the interface of Ti6242 alloy and TiNi coatings after high temperature oxidation in air
Authors: Galdikas A. , Rivière J. P. , Petraitiene A. , Moskalioviene T. , Pichon L. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractWe have analyzed the interfacial elemental depth profile evolution after high temperature isothermal oxidation of NiTi coatings deposited by dynamic ion mixing on a Ti6242 alloy (Ti‐6Al‐2Sn‐4Zr‐2Mo). NiTi coatings (thickness 0.4 μm) were deposited at room temperature (RT) by ion beam sputtering. High temperature isothermal oxidation tests in 1 atm flowing synthetic air (80% N2, 20% O2) have been conducted at 500 °C and 600 °C during 100 hours. We have observed a non‐monotonous depth distribution of nickel in GDOES depth profiles after oxidation of TiNi/Ti6242: nickel segregates to the surface of TiNi coating and to the interface between TiNi coating and Ti6242 alloy. We propose a kinetic model based on rate equations for analyzing the depth profile. This model includes microprocesses taking place during oxidation in air such as: adsorption of nitrogen and oxygen, diffusion of components through the film and interface, formation of chemical compounds. It is shown by modeling that non‐monotonous depth profile of nickel occurs because nickel from TiNi coating is forming a nickel oxide compound when oxygen atoms reach the film/alloy interface. XRD analysis confirms the presence of nickel oxide in the TiNi/Ti6242 interface after oxidation at both temperatures 500 °C and 600 °C (© 2010 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Catalytic application of mesoporous silica in the synthesis of substituted imidazoles under microwave irradiation and solvent‐free conditions
Authors: Kazemzad Mahmood , Yuzbashi Amir Ali , Balalaie Saeed 
Published: August 2010

AbstractThe capability of synthesized mesoporous silica (sBA‐15) was evaluated for the catalytic synthesis of substituted imidazoles under microwave irradiation and solvent free condition. The synthesis was carried out via condensation of benzyl, ammonium acetate and benzaldehyde derivatives over the surface of the mesoporous silica catalyst. FT‐IR spectroscopy studies of the reaction products indicated the formation of the substituted imidazoles as the major compounds and therefore, suitability of the catalyst for this organic synthesis. (© 2010 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
GaInN/GaN p‐i‐n light‐emitting solar cells
Authors: Fujiyama Y. , Kuwahara Y. , Iwaya M. , Kamiyama S. , Amano H. , Akasaki I. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractGaInN/GaN p‐i‐n double‐heterojunction structures were grown by metal‐organic vapor phase epitaxy on c‐plane sapphire substrates, and light‐emitting solar cells with different GaInN active layer thicknesses were fabricated. The thickness of the GaInN active layer was varied from 100 to 400 nm, while the thickness of both n‐type and p‐type GaN layers was kept constant. A semitransparent ohmic contact to p‐type GaN was formed by electron‐beam evaporation of Ni/Au (5 nm/5 nm). The film thickness of p‐GaN was 50 nm. The external quantum efficiency (EQE) of the device with a 400 nm GaInN layer exceeded 60% at a wavelength of approximately 380 nm. The transparency of the Ni/Au electrode was 68%. Therefore, the internal quantum efficiency of this device exceeded 95%. Note that this device emitted green light when a forward voltage was applied. The electroluminescence peak wavelength was approximately 525 nm, which was much longer than the EQE peak wavelength. The origin of this large emission shift is discussed. (© 2010 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Robust adaptive control for greenhouse climate using neural networks
Authors: Luan Xiaoli , Shi Peng , Liu Fei 
Published: August 2010

AbstractThis paper presents a general framework for robust adaptive neural network (NN)‐based feedback linearization controller design for greenhouse climate system. The controller is based on the well‐known feedback linearization, combined with radial basis functions NNs, which allows the feedback linearization technique to be used in an adaptive way. In addition, a robust sliding mode control is incorporated to deal with the bounded disturbances and the approximation errors of NNs. As a result, an inherently nonlinear robust adaptive control law is obtained, which not only provides fast and accurate tracking of varying set‐points, but also guarantees asymptotic tracking even if there are inherent approximation errors. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A chaos‐based encryption technique to protect ECG packets for time critical telecardiology applications
Authors: Sufi F. , Han F. , Khalil I. , Hu J. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractElectrocardiography (ECG) signal is popularly used for diagnosing cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). However, in recent times ECG is being used for identifying person. As ECG signals contain sensitive private health information along with details for person identification, it needs to be encrypted before transmission through public media. Moreover, this encryption must be applied with minimal delay for authenticating CVD patients, as time is critical for saving CVD affected patient's life. Within this paper, we propose the usage of multi‐scroll chaos to encrypt ECG packets. ECG packets are being encrypted by the mobile phones using the chaos key by patients' subscribed in tele‐cardiology applications. On the other hand, doctors and hospital attendants receive the encrypted ECG packets, which can be decrypted using the same chaos key. Using the techniques described in this paper, end‐to‐end security can be applied to wireless tele‐cardiology application, with minimal processing. Our experimentation with 12 ECG segments shows that with multi‐scroll chaos implementation, CVD patients remain completely unidentified, upholding patients' privacy and preventing spoof attacks. Most importantly, the proposed method is 18 times faster than permutation‐based ECG encoding, 25 times faster than wavelet‐based ECG annonymization techniques and 31 times faster than noise‐based ECG obfuscation techniques, establishing the proposed technique as the fastest ECG encryption system according to the literature. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Assessing the impact of carryover effects on the variances of estimators of treatment differences in crossover designs
Authors: Ozan M. Ozgu , Stufken John 
Published: August 2010

AbstractDifferent models that include carryover effects have been studied in the optimal design literature. It has been suggested that the use of these models results in increased variances of estimated contrasts of the direct treatment effects, leading to inferior estimators in terms of precision. Under a number of models and selected designs, we present variance expressions for the pairwise differences of direct treatment effects and observe that adjusting for carryover effects need not affect the precision of estimators negatively. We investigate the existence of designs that produce estimators with relatively small variances under all models considered. We conclude that even if a model is not correct, it can still be useful in increasing the precision of estimators for treatment contrasts. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Interval estimation for the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve when data are subject to error
Authors: Li Yanhong , Koval John J. , Donner Allan , Zou G. Y. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractThe area (A) under the receiver operating characteristic curve is commonly used to quantify the ability of a biomarker to correctly classify individuals into two populations. However, many markers are subject to measurement error, which must be accounted for to prevent understating their effectiveness. In this paper, we develop a new confidence interval procedure forAwhich is adjusted for measurement error using either external or internal replicated measurements. Based on the observation thatAis a function of normal means and variances, we develop the procedure by recovering variance estimates needed from confidence limits for normal means and variances. Simulation results show that the procedure performs better than the previous ones based on the delta‐method in terms of coverage percentage, balance of tail errors and interval width. Two examples are presented. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Past, present and future of newborn screening in Chile
Authors: Cornejo V. , Raimann E. , Cabello J. F. , Valiente A. , Becerra C. , Opazo M. , Colombo M. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractThe history of the Newborn Screening Program in Chile begins in 1984, when a pilot plan was developed that demonstrated the feasibility of its implementation. In 1992, the Ministry of Health started a national newborn screening program for phenylketonuria (PKU) and congenital hypothyroidism (CH), and in 1998, this was extended to the entire country. Throughout this period, a total of 2,478,123 newborns (NB) have been analyzed, obtaining initial coverage of 48.8%, which was later increased to 87.7%, and at present it is at 98.7% of all NB of our country. During this period, 131 cases with PKU have been diagnosed, resulting in an incidence of 1:18,916 NB, an average age of diagnosis of 18 ± 10.2 days and average phenylalanine level of 19,9 ± 8.8 mg/dl. In relation to CH, 783 cases have been confirmed, arriving at an incidence of 1:3,163 NB, with average age of diagnosis of 12.5 ± 6.9 days. Due to the good results of the program, the government is evaluating the initiation of an extended pilot program, to introduce other pathologies.
Focal splenic lesions in type I Gaucher disease are associated with poor platelet and splenic response to macrophage‐targeted enzyme replacement therapy
Authors: Stein Philip , Malhotra Advitya , Haims Andrew , Pastores Gregory M. , Mistry Pramod K. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractFocal splenic lesions (FSL) occur in Gaucher disease type I (GD1), but their clinical significance is not known. Previous studies estimated the prevalence of FSL at 4% (pediatric) to 33% (adult) of GD1 patients and reported an association with splenomegaly. We tested the hypothesis that the presence of FSL is associated with suboptimal response to macrophage‐directed enzyme replacement therapy (ERT). Additionally we investigated whether FSL were associated with other phenotypic features of GD1. The splenic parenchyma was assessed by MRI performed for routine evaluation of GD1 in 239 consecutive GD1 patients with intact spleens. The prevalence of FSL was 18.4% (44/239). Following a mean of 3.5 years of ERT, platelet response was inferior among patients with FSL (80,700 ± 9,600 to 90,100 ± 7,200/mm3 , P = 0.2) compared to patients without FSL in whom there was a robust platelet response: 108,600 ± 5,670 to 150,200 ± 6,710/mm3, P < 0.001. Compared to patients without FSL, patients harboring FSL had worse thrombocytopenia (platelet count: 83,700 ± 8,800 vs. 112,100 ± 4,200/mm3, P = 0.004), greater frequency of pre‐ERT splenomegaly, and greater post‐ERT splenomegaly (8.5 ± 0.77 vs. 4.8 ± 0.25× normal, P < 0.001). Additionally, the prevalence of osteonecrosis was higher among patients with FSL compared to patients without FSL (38 vs. 20.7%, P = 0.026). FSL appear to be a determinant of response to ERT, suggesting studies comparing relative efficacy of newly emerging therapies for GD1 should adjust for this factor. Moreover, occurrences of FSL coincide with more severe manifestations of GD1 such as avascular osteonecrosis.
Changes of Total Tocopherol and Tocopherol Species During Sunflower Oil Processing
Authors: Naz Saba , Sherazi S. T. H. , Talpur Farah N. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractThe changes of total and individual tocopherols were investigated during different sunflower oil processing stages by reverse‐phase high‐performance liquid chromatography. The results revealed that the levels of total and individual tocopherol content were decreased during the neutralization, bleaching, and deodorization processes. The overall loss of total tocopherols during these stages was found to be 37.9%, although the general reduction trend of delta (δ), gamma (γ), and alpha (α) tocopherols is very similar during neutralization (35.3%), bleaching (38.3%), and deodorization (37.8%). However, in contrast to the neutralizing and deodorizing stages, the bleaching process caused relatively less reduction for individual tocopherol contents. Deodorizer distillates were also analyzed and were found to be rich with tocopherols content (29,348.24 μg/ml). The results of the study indicated that most parts of the tocopherols are wasted during processing. Therefore, the proper concentration of nutritionists, industrialists, and manufacturers is needed for the necessary improvements in processing technology to avoid the major loss of tocopherols and to increase the shelf life, as well as the nutritive value of processed oil.