bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
IS HUMAN DEVELOPMENT MULTIDIMENSIONAL?
Authors: French Declan , Moore Michael , Canning David 
Published: January 2012

AbstractStiglitz's Commission on the Measurement of Economic Performance and Social Progress (CMEPSP) argued that well‐being is multidimensional and identified eight distinct dimensions. Conventional linear techniques confirm that a large number of dimensions are needed to describe development. In contrast, a new non‐linear technique that we introduce from chaos theory shows that a smaller number of dimensions are needed to span the development space. From the analysis, variables representing the Health, Education, Inequality and Individual Rights areas of life quality would provide a broad picture of development, whereas income per capita adds little extra information. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Global modeling of nonlinear circuits using the finite‐difference Laguerre time‐domain/alternative direction implicit finite‐difference time‐domain method with stability investigation
Authors: Mirzavand R. , Abdipour A. , Moradi G. , Movahhedi M. 
Published: January 2012

SUMMARYThis paper describes a new unconditionally stable numerical method for the full‐wave physical modeling of semiconductor devices by a combination of the finite‐difference Laguerre time‐domain (FDLTD) and alternative direction implicit finite‐difference time‐domain (ADI‐FDTD) approaches. The unconditionally stable method by using FDLTD scheme for the electromagnetic model and semi‐implicit ADI‐FDTD approach for the active model leads to a significant decrease in the full‐wave simulation time. Numerical simulations of an example transistor and a power amplifier show the efficiency of presented method for the full‐wave simulation of mm‐wave active circuits. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Expression of antioxidant molecules after peripheral nerve injury and regeneration
Authors: Lanza Cristina , Raimondo Stefania , Vergani Laura , Catena Nunzio , Sénès Filippo , Tos Pierluigi , Geuna Stefano 
Published: January 2012

AbstractOxidative stress is considered to be one of the main causes of neural damage after injury. However, little is known about the changes in mRNA expression of antioxidant molecules that occur after injury and regeneration of the peripheral nerve. In the present study, the rat median nerve was transected, and transcriptional changes were studied at day 6 and day 12 after injury in both the proximal and the distal stumps, in the absence or presence of microsurgical repair. The expression profiles of the following genes were investigated: three metallothionein isoforms (MT‐1, MT‐2, and MT‐3), the main antioxidant enzymes (catalase, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione‐S‐transferase), and the marker of cellular damage poly(ADP‐ribose) polymerase‐1 (PARP‐1). The results showed that, in the proximal nerve stump, MT‐3 mRNA expression was significantly and markedly up‐regulated in the absence of surgical repair, whereas MT‐1 and MT‐2 showed significant down‐regulation. In the distal nerve portion, mRNA expression of all MT isoforms decreased significantly in the absence of microsurgical reconstruction, whereas, after repair, MT‐3 mRNA expression alone was up‐regulated. Expression of all the antioxidant enzymes decreased significantly after repair in the proximal nerve portion, but a significant general increase in their mRNA expression was revealed in the distal nerve stump. PARP‐1 expression was significantly up‐regulated in the proximal nerve portion without repair but dramatically reduced after reconstruction. In contrast, PARP‐1 expression increased markedly in the distal stump after surgical repair. Taken together, these findings indicate that antioxidant molecules are differentially modulated and might, therefore, play an important role in peripheral nerve injury and regeneration. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Minocycline protects oligodendroglial precursor cells against injury caused by oxygen‐glucose deprivation
Authors: Schmitz Thomas , Endesfelder Stefanie , Chew Li‐Jin , Zaak Irina , Bührer Christoph 
Published: January 2012

AbstractIschemic brain injury is widely modeled in vitro with paradigms of oxygen‐glucose deprivation (OGD), which leads to cell death. The prevention and attenuation of brain injury by the tetracycline antibiotic minocycline has been attributed largely to suppression of microglial activation, but its benefits in oligodendrocyte cells have not been well characterized. Using primary cultures of rat oligodendroglial precursor cells (OPC) exposed to OGD, we investigated the direct effects of minocycline on the survival, proliferation, and maturation of oligodendroglial lineage cells. OGD for 2 hr caused a decrease in the total number of OPC and the amount of proliferating progenitors by 50%, which was attenuated by inclusion of minocycline. The reduced numbers of immature oligodendroglial cells at 72 hr and of mature oligodendrocytes at 120 hr after OGD were partially restored by minocycline. In OPC, OGD caused an increase of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and production of TUNEL‐positive cell numbers, which was abolished by minocycline. Minocycline preferentially increased the expression of superoxide dismutase under OGD but not in control OPC. Minocycline also prevented the OGD‐induced downregulation of the transcription factors Sox10 and Olig2 and of myelin‐specific genes 2′3′ cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase (CNP) and myelin basic protein (MBP) in response to OGD. These studies demonstrate direct protective actions of minocycline on oligodendroglial‐lineage cells, suggesting potential benefit in white matter injury involving OGD. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Effect of DYRK1A activity inhibition on development of neuronal progenitors isolated from Ts65Dn mice
Authors: Mazur‐Kolecka Bozena , Golabek Adam , Kida Elizabeth , Rabe Ausma , Hwang Yu‐Wen , Adayev Tatyana , Wegiel Jerzy , Flory Michael , Kaczmarski Wojciech , Marchi Elaine , Frackowiak Janusz 
Published: January 2012

AbstractOverexpression of dual‐specificity tyrosine‐(Y)‐phosphorylation‐regulated kinase 1A (DYRK1A), encoded by a gene located in the Down syndrome (DS) critical region, is considered a major contributor to developmental abnormalities in DS. DYRK1A regulates numerous genes involved in neuronal commitment, differentiation, maturation, and apoptosis. Because alterations of neurogenesis could lead to impaired brain development and mental retardation in individuals with DS, pharmacological normalization of DYRK1A activity has been postulated as DS therapy. We tested the effect of harmine, a specific DYRK1A inhibitor, on the development of neuronal progenitor cells (NPCs) isolated from the periventricular zone of newborn mice with segmental trisomy 16 (Ts65Dn mice), a mouse model for DS that overexpresses Dyrk1A by 1.5‐fold. Trisomy did not affect the ability of NPCs to expand in culture. Twenty‐four hours after stimulation of migration and neuronal differentiation, NPCs showed increased expression of Dyrk1A, particularly in the trisomic cultures. After 7 days, NPCs developed into a heterogeneous population of differentiating neurons and astrocytes that expressed Dyrk1A in the nuclei. In comparison with disomic cells, NPCs with trisomy showed premature neuronal differentiation and enhanced γ‐aminobutyric acid (GABA)‐ergic differentiation, but astrocyte development was unchanged. Harmine prevented premature neuronal maturation of trisomic NPCs but not acceleration of GABA‐ergic development. In control NPCs, harmine treatment caused altered neuronal development of NPCs, similar to that in trisomic NPCs with Dyrk1A overexpression. This study suggests that pharmacological normalization of DYRK1A activity may have a potential role in DS therapy. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Effect of shading on yield, sugar content, phenolic acids and antioxidant property of coffee beans (Coffea Arabica L. cv. Catimor) harvested from north‐eastern Thailand
Authors: Somporn Chanyarin , Kamtuo Amnouy , Theerakulpisut Piyada , Siriamornpun Sirithon 
Published: January 2012

AbstractBACKGROUND: Environmental conditions, including shading, generally influence the physical and chemical qualities of coffee beans. The present study assessed the changes in some phenolic compounds, antioxidant activity and agronomic characters of coffee beans (Coffea arabica L. cv. Catimor) as affected by different shading conditions including full sun, three artificial shading conditions using a saran covering (50% shade, 60% shade, and 70% shade) and lychee shade.RESULTS: Bean weight and bean size increased significantly (P < 0.05) when the shade level was progressively increased. The coffee beans grown under lychee shade exhibited superior bean yield, 1000‐bean weight, total phenolic content and antioxidant activity compared to all other beans. Chlorogenic acid was the most predominant phenolic acid in all samples studied, being the highest in the beans grown under lychee shade, followed by 60% shade, 70% shade, 50% shade and full sun, respectively. In contrast, bean grown under full sun had the highest amount of vanillic acid and caffeic acid.CONCLUSIONS: Antioxidant activity was highly positively associated with chlorogenic acid content. The content of total sugar (fructose, glucose and sucrose) was found highest in coffee beans grown in 60% shade, with fructose the predominant sugar. Under climatic conditions similar to this experiment, it is advisable that growers provide shade to the coffee crop to reduce heat from direct sunlight and promote yield as well as obtain good quality coffee beans. Copyright © 2012 Society of Chemical Industry
Pot evaluation of synthetic nanosiderite for the prevention of iron chlorosis
Authors: Sánchez‐Alcalá Inmaculada , del Campillo María C , Barrón Vidal , Torrent José 
Published: January 2012

AbstractBACKGROUND: Iron chlorosis is a problem that affects crops grown on calcareous soils. In this work, we assessed the effectiveness of nanosized siderite (FeCO3) to prevent iron chlorosis, the underlying hypothesis being that the oxidation products of siderite in soil are poorly crystalline, and hence plant‐available, iron oxides.RESULTS: Nanosized siderite was prepared by mixing FeSO4 and K2CO3 solutions, either pure or doped with phosphate (siderite SID and SIDP, respectively). The average specific surface area was ∼140 m2 g−1 for SID and ∼220 m2 g−1 for SIDP. Experimental oxidation in a calcite suspension yielded goethite for SID and a mixture of lepidocrocite and goethite for SIDP. Two pot experiments in which a SID or SIDP suspension was applied to a calcareous soil at a rate of ∼2 g Fe kg−1 showed nanosiderite to prevent iron chlorosis in chickpea. In a pot experiment with five successive crops, one initial application of ∼0.7 g Fe kg−1 soil in the form of SID or SIDP was as effective as FeEDDHA in preventing Fe chlorosis. The residual effect of nanosiderite when applied to the first crop alone clearly exceeded that of FeEDDHA.CONCLUSION: Nanosiderite suspensions applied at rates of ∼0.7 g Fe kg−1 soil were highly effective in preventing iron chlorosis and have a great residual effect. Copyright © 2012 Society of Chemical Industry
Pleiotropic increases in free non‐polar lipid, glycolipid and phospholipid contents in waxy bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) grain
Authors: Yasui Takeshi 
Published: January 2012

AbstractBACKGROUND: Diethyl ether‐extractable free lipid (FL), non‐polar or neutral lipid (NL), glycolipid (GL) and phospholipid (PL) contents and water‐saturated 1‐butanol (WSB)‐extractable non‐starch lipid (NSL)—monogalactosyldiglyceride (MGDG), digalactosyldiglyceride (DGDG) and phosphatidylcholine (PC)—contents in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) grain were evaluated to elucidate the possible influence of the Wx‐D1 gene on the lipid composition.RESULTS: Waxy near‐isogenic lines with a non‐functional Wx‐D1d allele showed consistently increased NL, GL and PL contents among FL and MGDG, DGDG and PC contents among NSL compared with non‐waxy near‐isogenic lines with a functional Wx‐D1a allele throughout three growing/harvest seasons. However, the proportion of NL, GL and PL among FL was not influenced by the non‐waxy/waxy state of the endosperm. The nearly non‐functional Wx‐D1f allele influenced the FL and NL contents in a similar manner to the non‐functional allele across two seasons, while the partly functional Wx‐D1g allele only affected the NL content.CONCLUSION: The Wx‐D1 locus has pleiotropic effects on the diethyl ether‐extractable FL, NL, GL and PL contents and WSB‐extractable MGDG, DGDG and PC contents of bread wheat grain. The non‐functional Wx‐D1d allele causes an increase in the levels of these lipids. Copyright © 2012 Society of Chemical Industry
Is transureteroureterostomy performed during multi‐organ resection for non‐urothelial malignancy safe and effective?
Authors: Pisters Phillip W. , Pettaway Curtis A. , Liu Ping , Matin Surena F. , Ward John F. , Leibovici Dan 
Published: January 2012

AbstractBackgroundMulti‐organ resection in patients with non‐urothelial cancer may include segmental ureteral resection. The resulting ureteral defect can be reconstructed with a transureteroureterostomy (TUU); however, whether TUU is safe and effective in this patient group remains unclear.ObjectivesIn the current retrospective analysis, we evaluated renal function before and after complex multi‐organ resection that included TUU to determine whether TUU is safe and effective.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed the charts of patients who underwent TUU between 1995 and 2011. Renal imaging studies performed before and after TUU were used to determine whether hydronephrosis was present in either kidney. Kidney function was assessed by measuring serum creatinine levels and calculating the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) before and after TUU.ResultsTwelve patients underwent TUU during multiorgan resection. Median follow‐up time was 15 months. Three patients with cancer recurrence involving the TUU developed progressive hydronephrosis. Serum creatinine levels did not increase more than 0.5 mg/dl in any patient. Kidney function as assessed by eGFR was maintained in all patients (until the time of recurrence in the three patients with recurrence affecting the TUU).ConclusionsTUU during multi‐organ resection for non‐urothelial malignancy is safe and effective. Long‐term renal function is maintained in the majority of patients. J. Surg. Oncol. 2012; 106:62–65. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Extensive nodal involvement increases the positivity of blue nodes in the axillary reverse mapping procedure in patients with breast cancer
Authors: Rubio Isabel T. , Cebrecos Isaac , Peg Vicente , Esgueva Antonio , Mendoza Cesar , Cortadellas Tomas , Cordoba Octavi , Espinosa‐Bravo Martin , Xercavins Jordi 
Published: January 2012

AbstractBackgroundThe axillary reverse mapping (ARM) technique has been proposed to prevent arm lymphedema. We conducted this study to assess the feasibility of the technique and the outcomes of patients with neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC).MethodsFrom July 2009 to May 2010, a prospective study was performed in 36 patients with breast cancer undergoing an ALND. The ARM technique was performed injecting 3 cm3 of Patent Blue in the ipsilateral arm. Of the 36 patients, 29 patients received NAC previously to the ARM and 7 patients had an ALND and ARM performed as first treatment for positive axillary nodes.ResultsThe identification rate of blue nodes was 83.3% (30 patients). Sentinel lymph node (SLN) was performed in 15 of 29 (42%) patients in the NAC group. Of these 15, two patients (13%) had a concordance between the blue and the hot node. Blue nodes were positive in 4 (13%) of the 30 patients.ConclusionsThe ARM technique is feasible in patients undergoing NAC. Patients with extensive nodal involvement have increased risk of having positive blue nodes. More studies are needed to assess the subgroup of patients with positive axilla that may have the blue node spared without compromising the oncological treatment. J. Surg. Oncol. 2012; 106:89–93. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
An Examination of the Determinants of In‐Flight Duty‐Free Shopping: Hedonic and Utilitarian Motivations
Authors: Doong Her‐Sen , Wang Hui‐Chih , Law Rob 
Published: January 2012

ABSTRACTThis research note presents the findings of a study that empirically examined air passengers' in‐flight duty‐free shopping behaviors in the perspectives of utilitarian and hedonic motivations. On the basis of the primary data collected from 212 air passengers in Taiwan, empirical findings revealed that both utilitarian and hedonic motivations affect air passengers' intentions to browse in‐flight duty‐free shopping catalogues. Findings also showed that hedonic motivation does not directly influence air passengers' in‐flight purchase intentions. Instead, a higher utilitarian motivation can directly enhance passengers' in‐flight purchase intentions. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Temporal changes in age and sex ratios of forest grouse harvested in northeastern oregon
Authors: Hansen Michael C. , Hagen Christian A. , Loughin Thomas M. , Budeau David A. , Coggins Victor L. , Reishus Brandon S. 
Published: January 2012

AbstractRatio of immature (young of the year) grouse to adult birds (I:A) in the harvest of upland game birds is commonly used as an index to annual reproduction; however, I:A ratios can vary as the season progresses producing biased estimates. We analyzed I:A ratios in the daily harvest of dusky grouse (Dendragopus obscurus) and ruffed grouse (Bonasa umbellus) in northeastern Oregon over 28 years (1981–2008) and found that I:A ratios in the harvest declined for both species as the hunting season progressed. We also analyzed ratios of adult female to adult male (AF:AM) grouse to determine if female and male grouse were harvested in equal numbers throughout the harvest season. We found that more males than females of both species were harvested, but that AF:AM ratio of both dusky and ruffed grouse did not change during most of the hunting season. Approximately 50% of the annual harvest occurred during the first 14 days of the hunting season. Therefore, we recommend using the ratios of I:A birds in the first 14 days of the harvest season as the best index to annual reproduction of forest grouse in northeast Oregon. © 2011 The Wildlife Society.
The Cox ring of the space of complete rank two collineations
Authors: Hausen Jürgen , Liebendörfer Michael 
Published: January 2012

AbstractWe consider the space of complete rank two collineations. Starting from its description as a limit of GIT‐quotients of a Grassmanian G(2, n) by a certain \documentclass{article}\usepackage{amssymb}\begin{document}\pagestyle{empty}$\mathbb {C}^*$\end{document}‐action, we determine the Cox ring by means of toric ambient modifications.
Cobaltocenium‐Containing Block Copolymers: Ring‐Opening Metathesis Polymerization, Self‐Assembly and Precursors for Template Synthesis of Inorganic Nanoparticles
Authors: Ren Lixia , Zhang Jiuyang , Hardy Christopher G. , Ma Shuguo , Tang Chuanbing 
Published: January 2012

AbstractSide‐chain cobaltocenium‐containing block copolymers are prepared by ring‐opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP). These block copolymers include one cobaltocenium‐containing block, with the second block being either a nonmetal‐containing segment or a cobaltocenium‐containing segment with different counterions. These block copolymers are self‐assembled into spherical core/shell micelles in solutions. A template strategy is used to prepare cobalt (II or III)‐containing nanoparticles by treating the self‐assembled micelles via UV/ozonolysis and pyrolysis. Characterization by X‐ray photon spectroscopy and X‐ray diffraction indicates that these nanoparticles consist of different oxidants of cobalt, depending on the chemical compositions of block copolymers.
Ring geometry as an important part of distortion potential
Authors: Frerichs F. , Lübben T. , Hoffmann F. , Zoch H.‐W. 
Published: January 2012

AbstractCauses for distortion phenomena during heat treatment are inhomogeneous or asymmetric distributions of mass, alloying elements, microstructure, and residual stresses. These causes generate a distortion potential of the work piece which could be set free during the final heat treatment. But for a concrete calculation of the distortion potential it is necessary to know the interrelationships between the changes in dimensions and shape and the strains within the work piece. If these functional interrelationships are known it is possible to estimate the strains which are necessary for observed distortion effects. For elementary geometries like shafts, plates, and rings the distortion potential generates characteristic distortions. For simple shafts e. g. mostly “banana forms” can be observed, whereas for cylindrical rings often an oval shape governs the out of roundness. This practical experience for cylindrical rings will be analyzed in a more detailed way. The knowledge of the interrelation of geometry and strains in combination with energy considerations enables a quantitative expression of the distortion potential of cylindrical rings.
Relationship between strain distributions and shape deviations of rings caused in clamping
Authors: Sölter J. 
Published: January 2012

AbstractIn 2010 Frerichs et al. proposed a comparatively simple equation describing the relationship between shape deviations and the internal strain state of a ring. It can also be applied to predict shape deviations of rings on the basis of one analyzed clamping case. In this paper the validity of the equation is shown for elastic and elastic‐plastic deformations of rings fixed in k clamping jaws (k = 2, 3, 4, 6) in analytical and 3D Finite Element Analyses, respectively. The theoretical results are in very good agreement with Frerichs' formula for both cases. However, in the elastic case constant strain energy for different numbers of clamping jaws seems to be the necessary and sufficient prerequisite to use Frerichs' approach for predicting amplitudes of order k based on the knowledge of a certain amplitude an≠k. For a given ring geometry this is fulfilled in the elastic case, if clamping forces are proportional to k2–1.
Cross‐plane quality control concept of the bearing ring production
Authors: Zhang P. , Renken V. , Goch G. 
Published: January 2012

AbstractThis contribution reports on a cross‐plane quality control concept for the production of bearing rings. The principal part of this quality control concept is the cross‐plane controller, which actually acts as an iterative optimization throughout the production chain and bases upon the models of each sub‐process. The cross‐plane controller and a model‐based sub‐control system for the gas quenching process are introduced in this paper.
Compensation of part distortion in soft‐turning of bearing rings
Authors: Beekhuis B. , Stöbener D. , Brinksmeier E. , Goch G. 
Published: January 2012

AbstractDuring soft‐turning of rings, both, deviation of the wall thickness and the shape occur. Additionally, further changes of shape result from the subsequent heat treatment. To ensure desired geometric tolerances, a high stock allowance for finishing is necessary. Geometric deviations of machined rings originate mainly from workpiece clamping during the machining process due to elastic deformation. Therefore, several special clamping devices are applied in industry to reduce workpiece deformation. But the choice of chucks is always a trade‐off between high flexibility and low part distortion. To ensure minimal part distortion in spite of using flexible clamping devices, clamping strategies and novel dynamical turning processes have been developed. Dynamical adapting of the depth of cut based on the measurement of geometric errors, is realized by using a tool actuator combined with an in‐process ultrasonic measurement system. This paper discusses the compensation potential of developed methods to reduce part distortion.