bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prognostic Factors of Radiological Damage in Rheumatoid Arthritis: A 10-year Retrospective Study
Authors: MARKATSELI THEODORA E. , VOULGARI PARASKEVI V. , ALAMANOS YANNIS , DROSOS ALEXANDROS A. 
Published: October 2010

Objective.To describe the longterm clinical and radiological outcomes in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in a cohort in northwestern Greece; and to investigate predictive factors of radiological damage at the 10-year followup in patients with RA.Methods.We studied the disease course and outcome of 144 patients with RA and radiographs of the hands and wrists available at baseline and at 10 years. Baseline measurements and time-averaged measures of swollen joint count (SJC) and inflammatory markers [erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and C-reactive protein (CRP)] were tested in univariate analysis, and then those presenting a statistically significant association with either Larsen score at 10 years or annual progression rate were included in 2 logistic regression models in order to determine relevant independent prognostic factors.Results.A significant clinical improvement was noted, associated with a decrease of inflammatory markers along the timepoints. Larsen score and the number of erosive joints were increased. In the univariate analysis, both final Larsen score at 10 years and accelerated annual radiological progression rate were significantly associated with baseline radiographic measurements (Larsen score and number of erosive joints), the presence of autoantibodies [anticyclic citrullinated peptide antibodies (anti-CCP) and rheumatoid factor of IgA and IgM isotype], disease duration, and time-averaged measures of ESR, CRP, and SJC. In the logistic regression analysis, the baseline Larsen score, anti-CCP antibodies, and time-averaged CRP presented significant and independent associations with Larsen score at 10 years. An accelerated annual radiological progression rate was also predicted by baseline Larsen score and time-averaged measures of SJC and CRP.Conclusion.Despite clinical improvement, the radiologic progression of RA continues over time, because of the underlying inflammatory process. Baseline radiographic damage, anti-CCP antibodies, and time-averaged CRP constitute the main predictive factors of poor radiologic outcome in the long term.
Association of IgA Anti-ß2 Glycoprotein I with Clinical and Laboratory Manifestations of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Authors: MEHRANI TARANEH , PETRI MICHELLE 
Published: October 2010

Objective.IgA isotypes of anticardiolipin and anti-ß2 glycoprotein I (anti-ß2-GPI) are omitted from the revised antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) classification criteria. Multiple studies have found a high prevalence of IgA anti-ß2-GPI in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). We determined the frequency and associations of IgA anti-ß2-GPI in a cohort of patients with SLE.Methods.Anti-ß2-GPI was measured in 796 patients with SLE (93% women, 53% white, 38% African American, mean age 45 yrs). IgA anti-ß2-GPI (> 20 phospholipid units) was found in 20%. Using a cohort database, associations with cumulative thrombotic and other manifestations were determined.Results.Of patients with SLE who demonstrated IgA anti-ß2-GPI positivity, about 6% had transient ischemic attack (p = 0.070), 4% had superficial thrombophlebitis (p = 0.647), 20% had deep venous thrombosis (p = 0.003), 4% had other venous thrombosis (p = 0.827), 12% had stroke (p = 0.050), and 1% had myocardial infarction (p = 0.397).Conclusion.IgG anti-ß2-GPI has the strongest association with thrombosis in SLE. However, IgA anti-ß2-GPI was more strongly associated with deep venous thrombosis and with stroke than was IgM. These results indicate that assessment of IgA anti-ß2-GPI is associated with thrombosis in SLE, and that the classification criteria for APS should be revised to include IgA anti-ß2-GPI in patients with SLE.
Information for Action? Analysis of 2005 South Asian Earthquake Reports Posted on Reliefweb
Authors: von Schreeb Johan , Legha Jaswinder K. , Karlsson Niklas , Garfield Richard 
Published: October 2010

AbstractObjectiveFollowing a sudden-onset disaster (SOD), rapid information is needed. We assessed the relevance of information available for relief planning on a main Internet portal following a major SOD.MethodsWe reviewed all information posted on the Reliefweb Web site in the first 7 days following the 2005 South Asian earthquake using a predeveloped registration form focusing on essential indicators. These data were compared with Pakistani government figures posted by the Centre for Research on the Epidemiology of Disasters.ResultsA total of 820 reports were reviewed. More reports came from nongovernmental organizations (NGOs; 35%) than any other source. A total of 42% of reports addressed only national level information, while 32% specified information at the provincial level. Fewer than 12% of all reports discussed the earthquake at the more local division and district levels. Only 13 reports provided pre-earthquake estimates of the number of people living in the affected areas. A third of all reports cited a common figure of 2.5 million made homeless. These were lower than official figures of 5 million homeless. A total of 43% reported on the estimated number of deaths. The estimated number peaked on day 4 at 40 000. All of these reports were lower than official data, which reported 73 000 deaths in total.ConclusionEarly reports heavily underestimated the number of affected, homeless, injured, and dead. Many reports repeated information provided from previous unnamed sources rather than providing unique contributions from eyewitness reports or from contextual information based on previous work in the area. Better information on predisaster essential indicators should be available and used in combination with post-SOD information to better adapt humanitarian relief and funding according to needs. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2013;7:251-256)
Diazohydroxides, Diazoethers and Related Species
Authors: D. Bravo‐Díaz Carlos 
Published: October 2010

AbstractArenediazonium, ArN2+, ions may function as Lewis acids reacting with nucleophiles (Lewis bases, Nu−or NuH followed by loss of a proton) to give covalently bonded adducts, ArN2‐Nu, at the β‐nitrogen of the arenediazonium ion, which is the electrophilic reactive center. Typical examples of covalently bonded adducts are the azo dyes (C‐coupling) but atoms other than C may be involved and the present chapter will mainly focus on the chemistry of O‐coupling adducts of the type ArN=N‐Nu, e.g., where Nu = OH−(formation and decomposition of diazohydroxides and diazoates), Nu = RO−, ArO−, ROH and cyclodextrins (formation and decomposition of diazoethers), with special emphasis on the kinetics and mechanism of the reactions involved. We will also cover, to a lower extent, those reactions with other nucleophiles leading to S‐, N‐ and P‐adducts. O‐coupling reactions are complicated by two major features. First, the formed adducts may display geometrical isomerism, leading to theE‐(syn) andZ‐(anti) forms, which show different stability and can be interconverted to each other by acid catalyzed processes. Second, some of the O‐adducts formed may be, in turn, components of a Lewis acid‐base equilibrium, for example between ArN2+and OH−ions, and hence may undergo further reactions.
PCN‐ and PCS‐Pincer Palladium Complexes as Tandem Catalysts in Homoallylation Reactions
Authors: Li Jie , Siegler Maxime , Lutz Martin , Spek Anthony L. , Klein Gebbink Robertus J. M. , van Koten Gerard 
Published: October 2010

AbstractNovel PCN‐ and PCS‐pincer palladium complexes 2‐(dimethylamino)methyl‐5‐methoxy‐6‐(diphenylphosphinoxy)phenylpalladium(II) bromide (1), 2‐(phenylimino)‐5‐methoxy‐6‐(diphenylphosphinoxy)phenylpalladium(II) bromide (2), 2‐(phenylthiomethyl)‐5‐methoxy‐6‐(diphenylphosphinoxy)phenylpalladium(II) bromide (3), 2‐(phenylthio)methyl‐5‐methoxy‐6‐(diphenylphosphinoxy)phenylpalladium(II) chloride (4) have been synthesized (55–95% yield) by using a flexible and straightforward synthetic route starting from isovanillin as the common precursor. The structures of complexes 1, 2 and, 4 in the solid state were determined using X‐ray diffraction and showed a typical pincer‐type geometry. The catalytic activities of 1–3 in the homoallylation reactions of aldehydes and allyl(tributyl)stannane as well as of their corresponding cationic complexes 1a–3a in the tandem reaction of aldehydes or sulfonimines with allyl chlorides and hexamethyldistannane were investigated. It was found that the catalytic activities are very dependent on the combination of the E‐donor moieties in the pincer ligand. Generally, PCS‐pincer complex 3 and its cationic complex 3a outperform PCN‐pincer complexes 1 and 2 as well as their cationic complexes 1a and 2a in both the homoallylation and tandem reaction. PCS‐pincer palladium complexes 3 and 3a seem to benefit in a positive sense from the combination and cooperativity of a π‐accepting phosphorus donor and a σ‐donating sulfur donor.
One‐Pot Synthesis of Symmetrical 1,3‐Diarylureas or Substituted Benzamides Directly from Benzylic Primary Alcohols and Effective Oxidation of Secondary Alcohols to Ketones Using Phenyliodine Diacetate in Combination with Sodium Azide
Authors: Li Xiao‐Qiang , Wang Wei‐Kun , Han Yi‐Xin , Zhang Chi 
Published: October 2010

AbstractBenzylic primary alcohols can be directly converted into symmetrical 1,3‐diarylureas or substituted benzamides via an one‐pot oxidative reaction using the combined reagent of phenyliodine diacetate and sodium azide. This new reaction constitutes a step‐economical way to prepare symmetric 1,3‐diarylureas or substituted benzamides depending upon the substituents on the phenyl rings of starting alcohols. The sodium acetate generated in situ from the ligand exchange between phenyliodine diacetate and sodium azide plays the pivotal role in the formation of 1,3‐diarylureas. In addition, it is also found that various secondary alcohols can be readily oxidized to their corresponding ketones in excellent yields using the same reagent system of phenyliodine diacetate and sodium azide. Generally, secondary alcohols are preferentially oxidized to the corresponding ketones in the presence of primary ones with the limited amounts of phenyliodine diacetate and sodium azide.
A General and Practical Access to Chiral Quinoxalinones with Low Copper‐Catalyst Loading
Authors: Tanimori Shinji , Kashiwagi Hiroaki , Nishimura Takeshi , Kirihata Mitsunori 
Published: October 2010

AbstractA general, straightforward, and practical access to multi‐substituted chiral quinoxalin‐2‐ones has been achieved based on the copper(I) chloride‐dimethylethylenediamine (DMEDA) catalyst system. With the use of 1 mol% copper(I) chloride, structurally diverse quinoxalin‐2‐ones were generated with high optical purity from readily available starting materials, 2‐haloanilines and α‐amino acids, in a one‐pot manner.
Copper(I)‐Catalyzed Cascade Synthesis of 2‐Arylsulfanyl‐ arylcyanamides
Authors: Sahoo Santosh K. , Jamir Latonglila , Guin Srimanta , Patel Bhisma K. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractWe have developed a ligand‐assisted copper(I)‐catalyzed two sequential heteroarylation sequence. An intramolecular S‐arylation is followed by an intermolecular N‐arylation leading to the direct synthesis of N‐aryl‐2‐aminobenzothiazoles. In most cases however, the 2‐arylsulfanyl‐arylcyanamide was the major product obtained via an intramolecular CS bond formation, associated with CS bond breakage, followed by an intermolecular S‐arylation. The selectivity of this ligand‐assisted reaction is quite different as compared to that of ligand‐free reactions and the rates are much faster giving good yields of products. Various cyanamides can be prepared in excellent yields from their corresponding 1‐substituted thioureas with or without the assistance of a ligand with a catalytic quantity of copper(I).
Phase‐Selective Catalysis in Emulsions Stabilized by Janus Silica‐Nanoparticles
Authors: Faria Jimmy , Ruiz M. Pilar , Resasco Daniel E. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractMetal‐containing Janus particles are used as interfacial catalyst/emulsifiers that catalyze reactions in biphasic systems with controlled “phase selectivity”, that is, conversion of the desired reaction on one side of the emulsion. The reaction may affect the solubility of the molecule in one phase, causing migration to the opposite phase. As a result, combined reaction and separation can be achieved in a single reaction vessel.
First Highly Enantioselective Synthesis of Benzodiazepinones by Catalytic Hydrogenation
Authors: Rueping Magnus , Merino Estíbaliz , Koenigs René M. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractThe first catalytic enantioselective synthesis of benzodiazepinones employing an efficient hydrogenation protocol has been developed. The corresponding products are obtained in good yields, with excellent enantioselectivities and broad functional group tolerance. In addition, a one‐pot procedure involving in situ generation of benzodiazepin‐2‐ones followed by asymmetric reduction is presented.
Use of Molecular Oxygen as a Reoxidant in the Synthesis of 2‐Substituted Benzothiazoles via Palladium‐Catalyzed CH Functionalization/Intramolecular CS Bond Formation
Authors: Inamoto Kiyofumi , Hasegawa Chisa , Kawasaki Junpei , Hiroya Kou , Doi Takayuki 
Published: October 2010

AbstractMolecular oxygen (O2) was successfully employed as a reoxidant in cyclizations of thiobenzanilides 1a–s through a palladium‐catalyzed CH functionalization/intramolecular CS bond formation process, leading to an efficient, green method for the synthesis of 2‐arylbenzothiazoles 2a–s. Addition of cesium fluoride (CsF) greatly enhanced the reactions, which produced variously substituted 2‐arylbenzothiazoles with good functional group tolerance. Thioureas 4a–j were also found to be suitable substrates for the cyclization process using a palladium/O2 catalyst system, thus generating 2‐aminobenzothiazoles 5a–j. One‐pot syntheses of 2‐aminobenzothiazoles 5a–j from aryl isothiocyanates 6 and amines 7 were also successful.
A multiperiod nonlinear programming approach for operation of air separation plants with variable power pricing
Authors: Zhu Yu , Legg Sean , Laird Carl D. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractCryogenic air separation processes consume a large amount of electricity producing significant quantities of high purity gases. Rather than operating at a fixed steady state, it may be profitable to switch among different operating conditions because of variability of electrical prices and product demands. This article addresses the problem of determining the optimal daily multiperiod operating conditions for an air separation process under variable electricity pricing and uncertain product demands. The multiperiod nonlinear programming formulation includes a rigorous nonlinear model of the highly‐coupled process, and decision variables include the operating conditions within each period, as well as the transition times. Demand uncertainty is treated using the loss function included in the objective function and constraints on customer satisfaction levels. Solutions are obtained with high computational efficiency, allowing management to make informed decisions regarding operating strategies while considering the trade off between profitability and customer satisfaction levels. © 2010 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2011
Laser melting of alumina‐coated steel
Authors: Shuja S. Z. , Yilbas B. S. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractLaser melting of alumina‐coated steel surface is considered. Temperature field and phase change in the alumina coating and steel are predicted numerically using the control volume approach. The repetitive laser pulses with 60% duty cycle are incorporated in the analysis. The porosity‐enthalpy method is adapted to account for the phase change. It is found that steel at alumina coating interface undergoes a melting before alumina after the end of heating of the 2nd pulse. The melt pool size of alumina is smaller than that corresponding to steel. The resolidification of the melt pool takes place in the alumina coating, whereas the melt pool remains in steel beneath the alumina coating during the cooling cycle. © 2010 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2011
Clinical and hematologic findings in Noonan syndrome patients with PTPN11 gene mutations
Authors: Derbent Murat , Oncel Yekta , Tokel Kürşad , Varan Birgül , Haberal Ayşegül , Yazıcı A. Canan , Legius Eric , Ozbek Namık 
Published: October 2010

AbstractReports on Noonan syndrome (NS) have documented multiple types of coagulation defects and bleeding diathesis, and a wide range of clinical presentations. Early studies suggested that a large proportion of NS patients have coagulation defects, whereas more recent reports indicate low rates of coagulopathy. The aim of this study was to evaluate phenotypic characteristics, PTPN11 gene mutations, and hematological and coagulation parameters in 30 clinically diagnosed cases of NS. One of the NS patients had a history of easy bruising; however, his hematological and coagulation tests were normal. None of the other patients had clinical coagulation problems. In the NS group, values for platelet count, activity of factors XI, XII, and protein C were significantly lower than the corresponding means for the control group. However, the results of coagulation tests in the NS group were diagnostically inconclusive and only one patient had clinical signs of coagulopathy. Interestingly, two NS patients had low protein C activity. One of these children had an A1517C mutation and transient myelodysplasia. The other patient had a C1528G mutation in exon 13 that has not been reported previously. Neither of these individuals experienced a thrombotic event or any complication during approximately 3 years of follow‐up. For all patients clinically diagnosed with NS, a thorough history of coagulation issues should be taken and first‐line coagulation testing should be done to evaluate for bleeding diathesis. However, if these assessments reveal nothing abnormal, complications related to coagulation are unlikely and extensive testing is unnecessary. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A comparative study of crested gibbons (Nomascus)
Authors: Mootnick Alan R. , Fan Peng‐Fei 
Published: October 2010

AbstractCrested gibbons (Nomascus) are in the rarest genus of the family Hylobatidae, with the Hainan gibbon (Nomascus hainanus) being the rarest primate in the world. In the past, the number of species in this genus has been at the center of much controversy, in part, because their color changes during immaturity as well as other factors, such as physical similarities in genitalia, creating difficulties in accurately determining the sex of individuals. Furthermore, owing to their rarity, illusiveness, and the rough terrain that comprises their native habitat, Nomascus is one of the least studied Hylobatidae. This article represents the most comprehensive dissemination of visual characteristics of the genus Nomascus to assist in the accurate identification of captive and wild crested gibbons. Through differences in pelage color, skeletal anatomy, dentition, vocalizations, behavior, distribution, and genetic studies, we are able to determine more accurately whether or not a subspecies should be elevated to species level. From the current data, there are six species and one subspecies in the genus Nomascus. However, reports of a recently identified light‐cheeked gibbon (Nomascus sp.) in northeast Cambodia, Central Vietnam, and South Lao PDR, will add additional taxa to this genus. Am. J. Primatol. 73:135–154, 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Modular amino acids and β‐amino alcohol‐based chiral ligands for enantioselective addition of diethylzinc to aromatic aldehydes
Authors: Gou Shaohua , Ye Zhongbin , Gou Guangjun , Feng Mingming , Chang Jing 
Published: October 2010

AbstractEnantioselective addition of diethylzinc to a series of aromatic aldehydes was developed using a modular amino acids and ${\bf \beta}$‐amino alcohol‐based chiral ligand (2R)‐N‐[(1R,2S)‐1‐hydroxy‐1‐phenylpropan‐2‐yl]‐3‐phenyl‐2‐(tosylamino) propanamide (1f) without using titanium complex. The catalytic system employing 15 mol% of 1f was found to promote the addition of diethylzinc (ZnEt2) to a wide range of aromatic aldehydes with electron‐donating and electron‐withdrawing substituents, giving up to 97% ee of the corresponding secondary alcohol under mild conditions. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Synthesis, Antimicrobial Evaluation, and Docking Studies of Novel 4‐Substituted Quinazoline Derivatives as DNA‐Gyrase Inhibitors
Authors: Boyapati Shireesha , Kulandaivelu Umasankar , Sangu Srinivas , Vanga Malla Reddy 
Published: October 2010

AbstractQuinazoline derivatives are reported to have anti‐inflammatory, analgesic, antibacterial, and anticancer activities. The incorporation of “OCH2CONH2” (oxymethylcarbamide) at 4th position of the quinazoline ring was found to influence the biological activities of the molecules. With this rationale, some new oxadiazolyl methyloxy quinazolines, pyrazolyl acetoxy methyl quinazolines, triazolylmethyloxy quinazolines were synthesized from anthranilic acid through quinazolyl oxyacetylhydrazide intermediates. All the compounds were characterized by IR, 1H‐NMR, EI‐MS, and C, H, N analyses and evaluated for their antimicrobial activity. Docking studies on the DNA‐gyrase enzyme (1KZN) show their role in the antimicrobial activity of the molecules and explain the higher potency of compounds 6a, 6b, 8a, 8b based on ReRanking scores and binding poses of the molecules.
Stability analysis andH∞control design for a class of nonlinear time‐delay systems
Authors: Yang Renming , Wang Yuzhen 
Published: October 2010

AbstractThis paper investigates the stability andH∞control problem for a class of nonlinear time‐delay systems with a nonsingular Jacobian matrix, and provides a number of new results regarding stability analysis and control design. Firstly, an equivalent form is obtained for this class of systems by means of coordinate transformation and/or orthogonal decomposition of vector fields. Then, based on the equivalent form and free‐weighting matrix method, several sufficient conditions, in terms of nonlinear matrix inequalities, are derived for the stability analysis of the time‐delay systems by constructing suitable Lyapunov functionals. Finally, we use the equivalent form and the obtained stability results to investigate theH∞control problem, and present a control design procedure for this class of time‐delay systems. A study of illustrative examples shows that the results obtained in this paper have less conservatism, and work very well in the stability analysis and control design of some nonlinear time‐delay systems.Copyright © 2010 John Wiley and Sons Asia Pte Ltd and Chinese Automatic Control Society
Stability analysis of Euler‐Bernoulli beam with input delay in the boundary control
Authors: Shang Ying Feng , Xu Gen Qi , Chen Yun Lan 
Published: October 2010

AbstractIn this paper, we investigate an Euler‐Bernoulli system with input delay in the boundary control. Suppose that there is no delay in observation, y(t), of the system, and a partial input delay in the boundary control. The collocated boundary feedback control law u(t) = αy(t) + βy(t − τ) is applied to obtain the closed loop system. By spectral analysis and Lyapunov method, we show that: when α>|β|, the closed loop system is exponentially stable for any τ>0; when α<|β|, the system is unstable for any τ>0; when α = |β|, the system is asymptotically stable for almost all τ>0. Finally, we provide numerical simulations to show the spectral distribution for different values of α and β.Copyright © 2010 John Wiley and Sons Asia Pte Ltd and Chinese Automatic Control Society