bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Risks Associated with Cesarean Sections in Women with Placenta Previa
Authors: Takayama Takeshi , Minakami Hisanori , Koike Toshimitsu , Watanabe Takashi , Sato Ikuo 
Published: August 2010

AbstractObjective: To investigate the risks associated with cesarean section performed because of placenta previa.Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the records of 88 women with singleton pregnancies complicated by placenta previa who underwent cesarean sections and those of 176 (control) women with singleton pregnancies who required cesarean section because of complications other than placenta previa.Results: The duration of gestation was 35.3 ± 3.6 weeks for subjects with placenta previa and 36.9 ± 3.8 weeks for the control subjects. The mean birth weight was 2,650 g ± 75 g for infants of women with placenta previa and 2,644 g ± 38 g for infants of the control subjects. Blood loss during surgery was greater for women with placenta previa than for the control subjects (1,154 ml ± 924 ml vs 632 ml ± 357 ml, p < 0.001). Blood transfusion was required in 13 of 88 (15%) women with placenta previa, compared with 4 of 176 (2.3%) of the control subjects (p < 0.001). An emergency cesarean hysterectomy was performed on 4 of the 88 (4.5%) women with placenta previa, and in none of the control subjects (p < 0.05). The Apgar score was ≦ 7 at 5 minutes in 17 infants of the 88 (22%) women with placenta previa, compared with 17 infants of the 176 (11%) control subjects among infants born at ≧ 33 weeks' gestation (p < 0.05); among infants with a birth weight ≧ 2,000 g, the corresponding numbers were 15 (21%) and 13 (9.2%), respectively (p < 0.05).Conclusions: Cesarean section in the women with placenta previa was associated with increased blood loss, resulting in a blood transfusion rate 6.5 times higher than in the control subjects. These findings suggest that placenta previa might adversely affect the neonatal outcome.
Hydatid Cyst of Morgagni: Any Impact on Fertility?
Authors: Abd‐El‐Maeboud Karim H. I. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractOn laparoscopy in 3 patients with primary infertility, the only pathology found was hydatid cysts of Morgagni that were excised. In one patient with monolateral hydatid cyst, pregnancy failed to be achieved. Despite prior failure of repeated trials of ovulation induction and intrauterine insemination in the other 2 patients, a spontaneous pregnancy was achieved within 2–3 months following laparoscopic extirpation of hydatid cysts of Morgagni. The hydatid cysts were bilateral in one case; and monolateral (in relation to the only present tube with a unicornuate uterus) in the other dase. Jt is concluded that hydatids of Morgagni, as a single pelvic pathology, might hinder fertility. Laparoscopic extirpation of these cysts would improve ovum pick‐up and enhance fertility.
Spontaneous Rupture of the Liver in an Uncomplicated Pregnancy
Authors: Matsuda Yoshio , Maeda Takatsugu , Hatae Masayuki 
Published: August 2010

AbstractSpontaneous liver rupture has been reported during pregnancy secondary to severe pregnancy‐induced hypertension, eclampsia or syndrome of hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, and low platelet count (HELLP). Here we report a case diagnosed using CO2 intra‐arterial digital subtraction angiography in an uncomplicated pregnancy. A 33‐year‐old Chinese woman at 39 weeks' gestation underwent a second caesarean delivery. Her pregnancy course had been uneventful. In the immediate postpartum period, she developed clinical signs of hepatic infarction or hematoma. After a blood transfusion and the use of vasoactive agents, her hemodynamic condition became stable. A hepatic angiography was performed before an emergent laparotomy. CO2 intra‐arterial digital subtraction angiography revealed a small extravasation that was not found by the conventional method using an ionized medium. This disease should be considered when there occur pain in the upper part of the abdomen and signs of hemorrhagic shock, even in the case of an uncomplicated pregnancy.
Effects of Fibrin Glue on Postsurgical Adhesions after Uterine or Ovarian Surgery in Rabbits
Authors: Takeuchi Hiroyuki , Toyonari Yuka , Mitsuhashi Naoki , Kuwabara Yoshinori 
Published: August 2010

AbstractObjective: To evaluate the prophylaxis with fibrin glue on postoperative adhesions following uterine or ovarian surgery in rabbits.Study Design: The uterine horns of 10 rabbits were exteriorized and electrocauterized by monopolar coagulation. Fibrin glue was applied to one uterine horn and the other was left untreated as a control (Experiment 1). Multiple ovulation was induced in 12 rabbits with hCG, and wedge resection was performed on both ovaries of each animal. One ovary was treated with fibrin glue and the other was untreated as a control (Experiment 2). Second‐look laparotomy was performed to assess adhesion formation 2 weeks after the initial operation.Results: The use of fibrin glue resulted in significant decrease in postoperative adhesions compared with the control side, in the uterine horns and the ovaries (p < 0.02 and p < 0.01, respectively).Conclusion: Fibrin glue was useful in preventing postoperative adhesions of the reproductive organs in rabbits.
Novel demonstration of RNAi in citrus reveals importance of citrus callose synthase in defence against Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri
Authors: Enrique Ramón , Siciliano Florencia , Favaro María Alejandra , Gerhardt Nadia , Roeschlin Roxana , Rigano Luciano , Sendin Lorena , Castagnaro Atilio , Vojnov Adrian , Marano María Rosa 
Published: August 2010

SummaryCitrus is an economically important fruit crop that is severely afflicted by citrus canker, a disease caused by the bacterial phytopathogen, Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri (Xcc). GenBank houses a large collection of Expressed Sequence Tags (ESTs) enriched with transcripts generated during the defence response against this pathogen; however, there are currently no strategies in citrus to assess the function of candidate genes. This has greatly limited research as defence signalling genes are often involved in multiple pathways. In this study, we demonstrate the efficacy of RNA interference (RNAi) as a functional genomics tool to assess the function of candidate genes involved in the defence response of Citrus limon against the citrus canker pathogen. Double‐stranded RNA expression vectors, encoding hairpin RNAs for citrus host genes, were delivered to lemon leaves by transient infiltration with transformed Agrobacterium. As proof of principle, we have established silencing of citrus phytoene desaturase (PDS) and callose synthase (CalS1) genes. Phenotypic and molecular analyses showed that silencing vectors were functional not only in lemon plants but also in other species of the Rutaceae family. Using silencing of CalS1, we have demonstrated that plant cell wall‐associated defence is the principal initial barrier against Xanthomonas infection in citrus plants. Additionally, we present here results that suggest that H2O2 accumulation, which is suppressed by xanthan from Xcc during pathogenesis, contributes to inhibition of xanthan‐deficient Xcc mutant growth either in wild‐type or CalS1‐silenced plants. With this work, we have demonstrated that high‐throughput reverse genetic analysis is feasible in citrus.
Differences in visual perception of age and attractiveness of female facial and body skin
Authors: Fink B. , Matts P. J. , Röder S. , Johnson R. , Burquest M. 
Published: August 2010

SynopsisPerception of age and health is critical in the judgement of attractiveness. The few studies conducted on the significance of apparent skin condition on human physical appearance have studied faces alone or isolated fields of images facial skin. Little is known about whether perception of the face matches that of other body parts or if body skin affects overall age and attractiveness perception when presented in combination with facial skin. We hypothesized that independent presentation of female faces, chests and arms (including hands) – cropped from a full face and upper body image – would result in significant differences in perception of age and attractiveness compared to the corresponding composite. Furthermore, we sought to investigate whether relatively young and attractive looking skin on selected, individual parts of the body affects overall perception. Digital photographs of 52 women aged 45–65 years were collected and processed to yield four derivative sets of images: One set showed the composite of all features, i.e. the face, the chest and the arms, whereas the other three were cropped carefully to show each part of the upper body described above independently. A total of 240 participants judged these faces for perceived age and attractiveness. Our results showed significant differences in perception with the chest and the arms being judged significantly younger than the face or composite image of the same women. Moreover, arms and chest images were perceived as more attractive than face and composite images. Finally, regression analysis indicated that differences between the perceived and chronological values of overall age perception could be predicted by age perception of the face and arms. These results continue to support the significance of facial age perception in assessment of a woman’s age, but highlight that body skin also plays a role in overall age impression.
A rapid High Performance Liquid Chromatographic (HPLC) method for the simultaneous determination of seven UV filters found in sunscreen and cosmetics
Authors: Wharton M. , Geary M. , O’Connor N. , Murphy B. 
Published: August 2010

SynopsisA rapid High Performance Liquid Chromatographic (HPLC) method was developed for the simultaneous determination of seven Ultra Violet (UV) filters most commonly found in cosmetics and sunscreen. The object of the method development was to provide a reliable rapid method, that would simultaneously separate a combination of the UV Filters, most commonly found in cosmetics and sunscreen products, utilizing a minimum of environmentally friendly solvents. The compounds separated were: benzophenone 3 (BZ3), methylbenzildene camphor (MBC), octyl dimethyl PABA (ODP), octocrylene (OCR), octyl methoxycinnamate (OMC), butyl – methoxydibenzoylmethane (BDM) and octyl salicylate (OS). An adjusted mobile phase consisting of ethanol and 1% acetic acid, combined with a Thermo Hypersil C18 BDS 3 micron column resulted in a method, which allowed the analysis of the seven compounds in seven minutes. The proposed method was validated utilising the International Congress on Harmonisation (ICH) and the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) guidelines. All parameters examined were found to be well within the stated guidelines.
Comparative anatomy, homologies and evolution of the pectoral and forelimb musculature of tetrapods with special attention to extant limbed amphibians and reptiles
Authors: Abdala Virginia , Diogo Rui 
Published: August 2010

AbstractThe main aim of the present work is to synthesize the information obtained from our dissections of the pectoral and forelimb muscles of representative members of the major extant taxa of limbed amphibians and reptiles and from our review of the literature, in order to provide an account of the comparative anatomy, homologies and evolution of these muscles in the Tetrapoda. The pectoral and forelimb musculature of all these major taxa conform to a general pattern that seems to have been acquired very early in the evolutionary history of tetrapods. Although some muscles are missing in certain taxa, and a clear departure from this general pattern is obviously present in derived groups such as birds, the same overall configuration is easily distinguishable in these taxa. Among the most notable anatomical differences between the groups, one that seems to have relevant evolutionary and functional implications, concerns the distal insertion points of the forearm musculature. In tetrapods, the muscles of the radial and ulnar complexes of the forearm are pleisomorphically mainly inserted onto the radius/ulna or onto the more proximal carpal bones, but in mammals some of these muscles insert more distally onto bones such as the metacarpals. Interestingly, a similar trend towards a more distal insertion of these muscles is also found in some non‐mammalian tetrapod taxa, such as some anurans (e.g. Phyllomedusa). This may be correlated with the acquisition of more subtle digital movement abilities in these latter taxa.
NK‐3 receptor antagonism prevents behavioral sensitization to cocaine: a role of glycogen synthase kinase‐3 in the nucleus accumbens
Authors: Nwaneshiudu Chinwe A. , Unterwald Ellen M. 
Published: August 2010

J. Neurochem.(2010)115, 635–642.AbstractRepeated administration of cocaine induces heightened behavioral hyperactivity termed sensitization. Although NK‐3 receptors have been shown to modulate acute cocaine‐induced behaviors, their role in behavioral sensitization is unknown. The present study investigated whether NK‐3 receptor blockade altered behavioral sensitization to cocaine. Additionally, glycogen synthase kinase‐3 (GSK3) has been shown to be involved in dopamine receptor signaling and in development of sensitization; therefore regulation of GSK3 activity in the nucleus accumbens was also investigated. Administration of the NK‐3 receptor antagonist SB 222200 (5 mg/kg, s.c.) prior to repeated cocaine (20 mg/kg, i.p.) prevented the development of sensitized responses after a cocaine challenge. Pre‐treatment with SB 222200 before a cocaine challenge also blocked expression of sensitization. Decrease in GSK3 activity demonstrated by increased phosphorylation of GSK3α and GSK3β was detected 20 mins after an acute cocaine injection. In contrast, a cocaine challenge failed to alter phosphorylation of GSK3α and GSK3β in sensitized mice. SB 222200 prior to repeated cocaine resulted in increased phosphorylation of GSK3α and GSK3β akin to changes following acute cocaine. Collectively, these findings demonstrate the involvement of NK‐3 receptors in development and expression of behavioral sensitization and in regulation of GSK3 activity in the nucleus accumbens after repeated cocaine.
Molecular insight into human platelet antigens: structural and evolutionary conservation analyses offer new perspective to immunogenic disorders
Authors: Landau Meytal , Rosenberg Nurit 
Published: August 2010

BACKGROUND: Human platelet antigens (HPAs) are polymorphisms in platelet membrane glycoproteins (GPs) that can stimulate production of alloantibodies once exposed to foreign platelets (PLTs) with different HPAs. These antibodies can cause neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia, posttransfusion purpura, and PLT transfusion refractoriness. Most HPAs are localized on the main PLT receptors: 1) integrin αIIbβ3, known as the fibrinogen receptor; 2) the GPIb‐IX‐V complex that functions as the receptor for von Willebrand factor; and 3) integrin α2β1, which functions as the collagen receptor.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: We analyzed the structural location and the evolutionary conservation of the residues associated with the HPAs to characterize the features that induce immunologic responses but do not cause inherited diseases.RESULTS: We found that all HPAs reside in positions located on the protein surface, apart from the ligand‐binding site, and are evolutionary variable.CONCLUSION: Disease‐causing mutations often reside in highly conserved and buried positions. In contrast, the HPAs affect residues on the protein surface that were not conserved throughout evolution; this explains their naive effect on the protein function. Nonetheless, the HPAs involve substitutions of solvent‐exposed positions that lead to altered interfaces on the surface of the protein and might present epitopes foreign to the immune system.
Iron deficiency in blood donors: analysis of enrollment data from the REDS‐II Donor Iron Status Evaluation (RISE) study
Authors: Cable Ritchard G. , Glynn Simone A. , Kiss Joseph E. , Mast Alan E. , Steele Whitney R. , Murphy Edward L. , Wright David J. , Sacher Ronald A. , Gottschall Jerry L. , Vij Vibha , Simon Toby L. ,   for the NHLBI Retrovirus Epidemiology Donor Study‐II (REDS‐II)
Published: August 2010

BACKGROUND: Regular blood donors are at risk of iron deficiency, but characteristics that predispose to this condition are poorly defined.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: A total of 2425 red blood cell donors, either first‐time (FT) or reactivated donors (no donations for 2 years) or frequent donors, were recruited for follow‐up. At enrollment, ferritin, soluble transferrin receptor (sTfR), and hemoglobin were determined. Donor variables included demographics, smoking, dietary intake, use of iron supplements, and menstrual and/or pregnancy history. Models to predict two measures of iron deficiency were developed: Absent iron stores (AIS) were indicated by a ferritin level of less than 12 ng/mL and iron‐deficient erythropoiesis (IDE) by a log(sTfR/ferritin) value of 2.07 or greater.RESULTS: A total of 15.0% of donors had AIS and 41.7% IDE. In frequent donors, 16.4 and 48.7% of males had AIS and IDE, respectively, with corresponding proportions of 27.1 and 66.1% for females. Donation intensity was most closely associated with AIS and/or IDE (odds ratios from 5.3 to 52.2 for different donation intensity compared to FT donors). Being female, younger, and/or menstruating also increased the likelihood of having AIS and/or IDE, as did having a lower weight. Marginally significant variables for AIS and/or IDE were being a nonsmoker, previous pregnancy, and not taking iron supplements. Dietary variables were in general unrelated to AIS and/or IDE, as was race and/or ethnicity.CONCLUSION: A large proportion of both female and male frequent blood donors have iron depletion. Donation intensity, sex and/or menstrual status, weight, and age are important independent predictors of AIS and/or IDE. Reducing the frequency of blood donation is likely to reduce the prevalence of iron deficiency among blood donors, as might implementing routine iron supplementation.
Risk Uncertainty and Supply Chain Decisions: A Real Options Perspective
Authors: Hult G. Tomas M. , Craighead Christopher W. , Ketchen, Jr. David J. 
Published: August 2010

ABSTRACTSupply chain risk uncertainty can create severe repercussions, thus it is not surprising that research interest in supply chain risk has been growing. While extant inquiry is informative, there is a lack of investigations that center on supply chain investment decisions when facing high levels of risk uncertainty. Given the potential dollar value involved in these decisions, an understanding of how these supply chain decisions are made is of significant theoretical and practical importance. Real options theory, with its focus on decision making under conditions of uncertainty, is an appealing theoretical lens for this endeavor. In essence, real options theory asserts that managerial decisions center on creating and then exercising or not exercising certain opportunities. To date, theorizing about and investigations of real options have used firms as their focus. Not yet examined are real options within supply chains that cross firm boundaries and drive much of the competitive activity in the modern economy. Accordingly, we extend real options theory to the supply chain context by examining how different types of options are approached relative to supply chain project investments. Specifically, we theorize how the options will be related to perceived value under conditions of high supply chain risk uncertainty. Overall, our investigation builds knowledge by extending real options theory to the supply chain context and by providing evidence suggesting some options operate differently in supply chains than they do in firms.
Multilevel Social Dynamics Considerations for Project Management Decision Makers: Antecedents and Implications of Group Member Tie Development
Authors: Bendoly Elliot , Thomas Dominic , Capra Monica 
Published: August 2010

ABSTRACTSuccessful projects represent the effective culmination of management skills, planning, and individual project member strengths. In operations management, such strengths are often viewed predominantly from the perspective of skill base. However, it has become increasingly evident that behavioral traits associated with individuals play a very significant, if not ultimately dominating, role in the effectiveness of certain group projects. Our aim in this study is to look into how certain individual attributes viewed as relevant to these project contexts may lead to social networking decisions that have impacts spanning multiple levels of analysis. Such insights are likely to prove valuable to decision makers managing project teams as well. We employ a controlled 4‐month investigation of multiple projects, for which we are able to consider both objective, and subjective pre‐, in situ, and postproject data. Our results demonstrate that the issues of perceived control, confidence, and conscientiousness are relevant not only in driving individual perceptions of the value of within‐group interactions, and hence the development of associated ties, but are also ultimately relevant in helping to drive higher levels of group performance.
Flexibility or Cost Saving? Sourcing Decisions with Two Suppliers
Authors: Chung Wenming , Talluri Srinivas , Narasimhan Ram 
Published: August 2010

ABSTRACTThis article studies a decentralized supply chain in which there are two suppliers and a single buyer. One supplier offers the quantity flexibility (QF) contract to the buyer, while the other offers the cheaper price. Under the QF contract, the buyer does not assume full responsibility for the forecast, yet the supplier guarantees the availability of the forecasted quantity with additional buffer inventory. On the other hand, the price‐only contract places full inventory burden on the buyer, but with a cheaper price. We study this problem from the buyer's perspective and solve for the buyer's optimal procurement and forecasting decisions. We identify areas where flexibility and cheaper price have an advantage, one over the other. Our results indicate that the buyer significantly benefits from having multiple sources of supply. We also find that, from the system's standpoint, a multisupplier system may outperform a single‐supplier supply chain under certain conditions. Interestingly, we observe that providing too much flexibility may benefit the low‐price supplier rather than benefiting the QF supplier. We discuss the managerial implications and provide directions for future research opportunities.
Protective effects of platinum nanoparticles against UV‐light‐induced epidermal inflammation
Authors: Yoshihisa Yoko , Honda Ayumi , Zhao Qing‐Li , Makino Teruhiko , Abe Riichiro , Matsui Kotaro , Shimizu Hiroshi , Miyamoto Yusei , Kondo Takashi , Shimizu Tadamichi 
Published: August 2010

Please cite this paper as: Protective effects of platinum nanoparticles against UV‐light‐induced epidermal inflammation. Experimental Dermatology 2010; 19: 1000–1006.Abstract:  Intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and apoptosis play important roles in the ultraviolet (UV)‐induced inflammatory responses in the skin. Metal nanoparticles have been developed to increase the catalytic activity of metals, which is because of the large surface area of smaller particles. Platinum nanoparticles (nano‐Pt) protected by poly acrylic acid were manufactured by reduction with ethanol. A marked increase in ROS production was observed in UV‐treated HaCaT keratinocytes cell lines, while a decrease in ROS production was observed in nano‐Pt‐treated cells. Pretreatment of the cells with nano‐Pt also caused a significant inhibition of UVB‐ and UVC‐induced apoptosis. Furthermore, we found that mice treated with nano‐Pt gel prior to UV irradiation showed significant inhibition of UVB‐induced inflammation and UVA‐induced photoallergy compared to UV‐irradiated control mice. These results suggest that nano‐Pt effectively protects against UV‐induced inflammation by decreasing ROS production and inhibiting apoptosis in keratinocytes.