bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Achievement of at Least Very Good Partial Response Is a Simple and Robust Prognostic Factor in Patients With Multiple Myeloma Treated With High-Dose Therapy: Long-Term Analysis of the IFM 99-02 and 99-04 Trials
Authors: Harousseau Jean-Luc , Avet-Loiseau Herve , Attal Michel , Charbonnel Catherine , Garban Frederic , Hulin Cyrille , Michallet Mauricette , Facon Thierry , Garderet Laurent , Marit Gerald , Ketterer Nicolas , Lamy Thierry , Voillat Laurent , Guilhot Francois , Doyen Chantal , Mathiot Claire , Moreau Philippe 
Published: October 2009

Purpose The prognostic impact of complete response (CR) achievement in multiple myeloma (MM) has been shown mostly in the context of autologous stem-cell transplantation. Other levels of response have been defined because, even with high-dose therapy, CR is a relatively rare event. The purpose of this study was to analyze the prognostic impact of very good partial response (VGPR) in patients treated with high-dose therapy. Patients and Methods All patients were included in the Intergroupe Francophone du Myelome 99-02 and 99-04 trials and treated with vincristine, doxorubicin, and dexamethasone (VAD) induction therapy followed by double autologous stem-cell transplantation (ASCT). Best post-ASCT response assessment was available for 802 patients. Results With a median follow-up of 67 months, median event-free survival (EFS) and 5-year EFS were 42 months and 34%, respectively, for 405 patients who achieved at least VGPR after ASCT versus 32 months and 26% in 288 patients who achieved only partial remission (P = .005). Five-year overall survival (OS) was significantly superior in patients achieving at least VGPR (74% v 61% P = .0017). In multivariate analysis, achievement of less than VGPR was an independent factor predicting shorter EFS and OS. Response to VAD had no impact on EFS and OS. The impact of VGPR achievement on EFS and OS was significant in patients with International Staging System stages 2 to 3 and for patients with poor-risk cytogenetics t(4;14) or del(17p). Conclusion In the context of ASCT, achievement of at least VGPR is a simple prognostic factor that has importance in intermediate and high-risk MM and can be informative in more patients than CR.
Mobile Phone Use and Risk of Tumors: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Myung Seung-Kwon , Ju Woong , McDonnell Diana D. , Lee Yeon Ji , Kazinets Gene , Cheng Chih-Tao , Moskowitz Joel M. 
Published: October 2009

Purpose Case-control studies have reported inconsistent findings regarding the association between mobile phone use and tumor risk. We investigated these associations using a meta-analysis. Methods We searched MEDLINE (PubMed), EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library in August 2008. Two evaluators independently reviewed and selected articles based on predetermined selection criteria. Results Of 465 articles meeting our initial criteria, 23 case-control studies, which involved 37,916 participants (12,344 patient cases and 25,572 controls), were included in the final analyses. Compared with never or rarely having used a mobile phone, the odds ratio for overall use was 0.98 for malignant and benign tumors (95% CI, 0.89 to 1.07) in a random-effects meta-analysis of all 23 studies. However, a significant positive association (harmful effect) was observed in a random-effects meta-analysis of eight studies using blinding, whereas a significant negative association (protective effect) was observed in a fixed-effects meta-analysis of 15 studies not using blinding. Mobile phone use of 10 years or longer was associated with a risk of tumors in 13 studies reporting this association (odds ratio = 1.18; 95% CI, 1.04 to 1.34). Further, these findings were also observed in the subgroup analyses by methodologic quality of study. Blinding and methodologic quality of study were strongly associated with the research group. Conclusion The current study found that there is possible evidence linking mobile phone use to an increased risk of tumors from a meta-analysis of low-biased case-control studies. Prospective cohort studies providing a higher level of evidence are needed.
Cediranib, an Oral Inhibitor of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor Kinases, Is an Active Drug in Recurrent Epithelial Ovarian, Fallopian Tube, and Peritoneal Cancer
Authors: Matulonis Ursula A. , Berlin Suzanne , Ivy Percy , Tyburski Karin , Krasner Carolyn , Zarwan Corrine , Berkenblit Anna , Campos Susana , Horowitz Neil , Cannistra Stephen A. , Lee Hang , Lee Julie , Roche Maria , Hill Margaret , Whalen Christin , Sullivan Laura , Tran Chau , Humphreys Benjamin D. , Penson Richard T. 
Published: October 2009

Purpose Angiogenesis is important for epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) growth, and blocking angiogenesis can lead to EOC regression. Cediranib is an oral tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) -1, VEGFR-2, VEGFR-3, and c-kit. Patients and Methods We conducted a phase II study of cediranib for recurrent EOC or peritoneal or fallopian tube cancer; cediranib was administered as a daily oral dose, and the original dose was 45 mg daily. Because of toxicities observed in the first 11 patients, the dose was lowered to 30 mg. Eligibility included ≤ two lines of chemotherapy for recurrence. End points included response rate (via Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors [RECIST] or modified Gynecological Cancer Intergroup CA-125), toxicity, progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS). Results Forty-seven patients were enrolled; 46 were treated. Clinical benefit rate (defined as complete response [CR] or partial response [PR], stable disease [SD] > 16 weeks, or CA-125 nonprogression > 16 weeks), which was the primary end point, was 30%; eight patients (17%; 95% CI, 7.6% to 30.8%) had a PR, six patients (13%; 95% CI, 4.8% to 25.7%) had SD, and there were no CRs. Eleven patients (23%) were removed from study because of toxicities before two cycles. Grade 3 toxicities (> 20% of patients) included hypertension (46%), fatigue (24%), and diarrhea (13%). Grade 2 hypothyroidism occurred in 43% of patients. Grade 4 toxicities included CNS hemorrhage (n = 1), hypertriglyceridemia/hypercholesterolemia/elevated lipase (n = 1), and dehydration/elevated creatinine (n = 1). No bowel perforations or fistulas occurred. Median PFS was 5.2 months, and median OS has not been reached; median follow-up time is 10.7 months. Conclusion Cediranib has activity in recurrent EOC, tubal cancer, and peritoneal cancer with predictable toxicities observed with other TKIs.
Phase II Study of Cisplatin Plus Etoposide and Bevacizumab for Previously Untreated, Extensive-Stage Small-Cell Lung Cancer: Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group Study E3501
Authors: Horn Leora , Dahlberg Suzanne E. , Sandler Alan B. , Dowlati Afshin , Moore Dennis F. , Murren John R. , Schiller Joan H. 
Published: October 2009

Purpose To investigate the efficacy and safety of bevacizumab plus cisplatin and etoposide in patients with extensive-stage disease, small-cell lung cancer (ED-SCLC). Patients and Methods In this phase II trial, 63 patients were treated with bevacizumab 15 mg/kg plus cisplatin 60 mg/m2 and etoposide 120 mg/m2, which was followed by bevacizumab alone until death or disease progression occurred. The primary end point was the proportion of patients alive at 6 months without disease progression (ie, progression-free survival [PFS]). Secondary end points included overall survival (OS), objective response rate, and toxicity. Correlative studies were performed to explore the relationship between baseline and changes in plasma vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), soluble cell adhesion molecules (ie, vascular cell adhesion molecule [VCAM], intercellular cell adhesion molecule [ICAM], and E-selectin) and basic fibroblast growth factor and outcome. Results The 6-month PFS was 30.2%, the median PFS was 4.7 months, and OS was 10.9 months. The response rate was 63.5%. The most common adverse event was neutropenia (57.8%). Only one patient had grade 3 pulmonary hemorrhage. Patients who had high baseline VCAM had a higher risk of progression or death compared with those who had low baseline VCAM levels. No relationships between outcome and any other biomarkers were seen. Conclusion The addition of bevacizumab to cisplatin and etoposide in patients with ED-SCLC results in improved PFS and OS relative to historical controls who received this chemotherapy regimen without bevacizumab. This regimen appears to be well tolerated and has minimal increase in toxicities compared with chemotherapy alone. Baseline VCAM levels predicted survival, but no other relationships among treatment, biomarkers, and outcome were identified.
Severe Apnea in an Infant Exposed to Lamotrigine in Breast Milk
Authors: Nordmo Elisabet , Aronsen Lena , Wasland Kristin , Småbrekke Lars , Vorren Solveig 
Published: October 2009

Objective: To report a case of severe apnea in an infant exposed to lamotrigine through breast-feeding. Case Summary: A 16-day-old infant developed several mild episodes of apnea that culminated in a severe cyanotic episode requiring resuscitation. A thorough examination at the hospital gave no evidence of underlying diseases that could explain the reaction. The mother had used lamotrigine in increasing doses throughout pregnancy, and at the time of the apneic episodes, she used 850 mg/day. The infant was fully breast-fed, and the neonatal lamotrigine serum concentration was 4.87 μg/mL at the time of admission. Breast-feeding was terminated, and the infant fully recovered. Discussion: Although there are several reports on extensive passage of lamotrigine into breast milk, this is the first published report of a serious adverse reaction in a breast-fed infant. Lamotrigine clearance increases throughout pregnancy, and maternal dose increases are often necessary to maintain therapeutic effect. After delivery, clearance rapidly returns to preconception levels, enhancing the risk of adverse reactions in both mothers and breast-fed infants if the dose is not sufficiently reduced. In this case, the dose was slowly reduced after delivery, and the maternal lamotrigine serum concentration more than doubled in the week before the neonatal apneic episodes. A high lamotrigine concentration was detected in the breast milk, and the neonatal lamotrigine serum concentration was in the upper therapeutic range. The neonatal lamotrigine elimination half-life was approximately twice that seen in adults. The Naranjo probability scale indicated a probable relationship between apnea and exposure to lamotrigine through breast-feeding in this infant. Conclusions: Infants can be exposed to clinically relevant doses of lamotrigine through breast-feeding. Individual risk/benefit assessment is important, and close monitoring of both mother and child is advisable, especially during the first 3 weeks postpartum.
Fospropofol: A New Sedative–Hypnotic Agent for Monitored Anesthesia Care
Authors: Moore Gina D , Walker Alyssa M , MacLaren Robert 
Published: October 2009

Objective: To summarize the published clinical data on fospropofol, critically review the safety and efficacy information, and provide pertinent information for formulary review. Data Sources: Data were collected from searches of MEDLINE (1966–June 30, 2009), EMBASE (1974–June 30, 2009), bibliographies of manuscripts, and www.fda.gov . Key search terms included fospropofol, Lusedra, Aquavan, sedative–hypnotic, and monitored anesthesia care. Study Selection and Data Extraction: All Phase 1, Phase 2, and Phase 3 clinical trials studying the safety and efficacy of fospropofol were reviewed. Data Synthesis: Fospropofol is a water-soluble prodrug of propofol, a potent sedative–hypnotic agent. Propofol is highly lipophilic and is formulated in lipid-containing solvents, which have known disadvantages, including pain on injection, narrow therapeutic window with the potential to cause deep sedation, high lipid intake during long-term sedation, and risk of infection resulting from bacterial contamination. Due to its water solubility, fospropofol eliminates some of the known lipid emulsion–associated disadvantages of propofol and provides a more predictable peak onset of activity and more gradual recovery to a full state of consciousness. The pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profiles of fospropofol make it an attractive agent for sedation for procedures of short duration. Unfortunately, the number of patients studied has been relatively small and the amount of safety data is limited. Of concern are reports of hypoxemia and hypotension; these reports are limited in number, but the episodes are serious and may require acute intervention. Although fospropofol holds promise for procedural sedation, due to limited safety data, the Food and Drug Administration has limited approval of fospropofol to monitored anesthesia care in patients undergoing diagnostic or therapeutic procedures. Conclusions: Fospropofol is a viable addition to the class of sedative–hypnotic agents due to the minimization of unwanted adverse effects of propofol and maintenance of a favorable pharmacokinetic profile facilitating sedation, anxiolysis, and rapid recovery. However, there are limited safety data to justify its use without the presence of dedicated anesthesia personnel.
The Effects of Various Grades of Graphite Electrodes on the Carrier Distillation of Impurities in U3O8
Authors: Pepper C. E. , Pardi A. J. , Atwell M. G. 
Published: October 2009

Seven grades of graphite electrodes were evaluated for their effects upon the carrier distillation excitation of impurities in U3O8. Two carrier materials, AgCl-LiF (11.1) and Ga2O3, were independently investigated using a Wadsworth mount spectrograph and a Quantometer Time resolved spectra for 19 impurities were made by recording the instantaneous response of each impurity in the arc for each type of graphite electrode. Elemental sensitivity comparisons were made from the measured area under each spectral recording. The analytical precisions of the elements (B, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, and Si) for each graphite type were determined from replicate analyses of common samples. The comparative precision data show that a selection of a graphite type, which provides the greatest advantages for determining impurities in U3O8 with carrier distillation techniques, can be made
A Modified Rotating Disc Technique Applied to the Determination of Carbon in Sulfur by Emission Spectroscopy
Authors: Guidry J. W. , Matson R. F. , Wiewiorowski T. K. 
Published: October 2009

A modified rotating disc technique has been developed. The technique should have application to a variety of elements and samples. It could be particularly useful when applied to materials of low electrical conductivity. In this paper, the applicability of the new technique is evaluated as applied to the determination of the carbon content in Frasch process sulfur. The technique consists of pressing into the form of a disc a mixture of sulfur and metal powder. This disc is of such dimensions that it will fit on the mandrel of the conventional rotating mechanism A spark is maintained between the disc and a metal counter electrode. The carbon content is measured by the intensity of carbon 2478 3 A using as an internal standard an appropriate line of the metal used in the mixture
Role of Boron TED and Series Resistance in SiGe/Si Heterojunction pMOSFETs
Authors: Kim Yonghyun , Kang Chang Yong , Lee Se-Hoon , Majhi Prashant , Min Byoung-Gi , Lee Ki-Seung , Ahn Donghwan , Banerjee Sanjay K. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractWe investigate boron transient enhanced diffusion (TED) and series resistance in SiGe/Si heterojunction channel pMOSFET. The stress gradient at the SiGe/Si interface near the gate edge in high Ge concentrations are found to determine boron TED as well as extension junction shape, which has a significant impact on the parasitic LDD and source/drain (S/D) series resistance. In addition, high Ge concentrations in the epitaxial SiGe layer on top of Si substrate result in a high sheet resistance during a 1000°C/5s rapid thermal processing (RTP), which is mainly due to alloy scattering and interface roughness scattering.
First-Principles study of HfO2/:GaAs interface passivation by Si and Ge
Authors: Wang Weichao , Xiong Ka , Lee Geunsik , Huang Min , Wallace Robery M. , Cho Kyeongjae 
Published: October 2009

AbstractWe investigated the HfO2:GaAs interface electronic structure and interface passivation by first principles calculations. The HfO2:GaAs interface of HfO2 terminated with four O atoms and GaAs terminated two Ga atoms is found to be the most energetically favorable. It is found that the interface states mainly arise from the interfacial charge mismatch, more specifically from the electron loss of interfacial As. Si or Ge as an interfacial passivating layer helps to maintain the charge of interfacial As and hence reduce the interface states.
Hafnia surface and high-k gate stacks
Authors: Luo Xuhui , Demkov Alex , Sharia Onise , Bersuker Gennadi 
Published: October 2009

AbstractHafnium dioxide that belongs to a class of metal oxides with a high dielectric constant or high-k dielectrics has been recently introduced as a gate dielectric in field effect transistors. We report a theoretical study of structural and electronic properties of hafnia surface, and the electronic structure and band alignment at hafnia interfaces with metals, oxides and semiconductors that are crucial in gate stack engineering.
Structural, Optical and Electrical Characterization of Thermally Evaporated TlBr Thin Films
Authors: Destefano Natália , Mulato Marcelo 
Published: October 2009

AbstractThis paper presents the study related to the production of TlBr thin films. Films produced by thermal evaporation present better structural properties than those produced by spray pyrolysis. The main XRD peak of the evaporated films correspond to the (100) plane, whose structure is columnar as revealed by cross section SEM. The thickness decreases with increasing deposition height. Optical band gap of 3.0 eV and electrical resistivities about 109 Ωcm were obtained. EDS reveals a reduction in the amount of Br in the final films. One order of magnitude was obtained for the photo-to-dark current ratio when irradiation in the medical diagnosis X-ray mammography energy range was used.
Various methods used to etch titanium dioxide columnar thin films
Authors: Kupsta Martin Roman , Taschuk Mike , Brett Michael J. , Sit Jeremy C. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractA dry etch recipe was developed for porous nanostructured TiO2 thin films fabricated using glancing angle deposition (GLAD). Unlike wet chemical etches, the technique reported here preserves the vertical post nanostructure, eliminating clumping. A highly controllable and easily tailored reactive ion etching process with CF4 alone, or combined with O2, was investigated. The anisotropic etch modifies the morphology and density of standard GLAD films, which is of interest for sensing applications.
Characterizing the Two-Dimensional Doping Concentration inside Silicon-Nanowires Using Scanning Spreading Resistance Microscopy
Authors: Hantschel Thomas , Schulz Volker , Schulze Andreas , Angeletti Esteban , Guder Firat , Schmidt Volker , Senz Stephan , Eyben Pierre , Vandervorst Wilfried 
Published: October 2009

AbstractThe characterization of doped regions inside silicon nanowire structures poses a challenge which must be overcome if these structures are to be incorporated into future electronic devices. Precise cross-sectioning of the nanowire along its longitudinal axis is required, followed by two-dimensional electrical measurements with nanometer spatial resolution. The authors have developed an approach to cross-section silicon nanowires and to characterize them by scanning spreading resistance microscopy (SSRM). This paper describes a cleaving- and polishing-based cross-sectioning method for silicon nanowires. High resolution SSRM measurements are demonstrated for epitaxially grown and etched silicon nanowires.
The Role of the Surface Coverage on the Structural and the Electronic Properties of TiO2 Nanocrystals
Authors: Iacomino Amilcare , Cantele Giovanni , Trani Fabio , Ninno Domenico , Marri Ivan , Ossicini Stefano 
Published: October 2009

AbstractThe titanium dioxide (TiO2) complexes are widely investigated for their striking and multipurpose capabilities. The TiO2 key feature lies in its photocatalytic activity for several reactions of social (bioengineering, environmental and artistic protection, pollution containment) and commercial (photovoltaic, alternative-energy, gas sensing) interests. The possibility to enhance specific reactions at the nanoscale by a fine tuning of the nano-sized single crystals properties boosted in the last decade the scientific research. Thus a theoretical understanding of the fundamental properties of TiO2 nanocrystals became necessary to predict and expedite the experimental effords.
We present here a characterization of TiO2 0D nanoclusters and 1D nanowires in the framework of ab initio DFT calculations. Based on both theoretical and experimental evidences we defined a stoichiometric TiO2 NC by modifying a perfect bipyramidal morphology and then used this NC as a chain repetition unit in the NW. We analyzed the effect of the surface coverage by functionalizing dangling bonds with simple adsorbates (dissociated water and hydrogens) modeling two acidic environments. These terminations are important to model the basical interactions of TiO2 nanosystems with the hydration sphere, which is always found to surround the nanosamples and toaffect their photocatalytic activity. We thus address the electronic reorganization and the surface weight in determining the global features of the nanostructures. The structural reconstruction is found to depend on the surface coverage and the experimental evidences on the structural variations can be explained by a topological analysis of the Ti-O bonds. Quantum confinement effects in the electronic properties are observed through the bandgap widening and the discretization of the energy distribution, but the surface competes to determine the energy dispersion of the electronic levels. The hydrogenated nanocrystals do show occupied levels at the bottom of the coduction bands, thus leading to metallic nanowires in one dimension. Whereas in the hydrogenated cluster such levels present a localized charge distribution with respect to the whole structure and they are also similar for the atomic orbital character and energy position to the defect states obtained by oxygens desorption. From the analysis of the electronic density of states we found that Ti-H bonds induce in-gap states above the valence bands, whereas hydration leads to occupied states that shift the valence bands to lower binding energies. Formation energy calculations reveal that surface hydration leads to the most stable nanocrystals, in agreement with the experimental findings that water coverage stabilizes the surface.