bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Medial rectus resection versus plication in basic type intermittent exotropia
Authors: Hegazy Hanan S. , Mansour Mona N. 
Published: May 2024

Purpose
To compare the efficacy of unilateral recession-resection (RR) versus unilateral recession-plication (RP) in basic-type intermittent exotropia (X (T)).

Patients and methods
A prospective study included 27 patients, aged 10–45 years with a diagnosis of basic type of X (T), divided into two groups: group I (14 patients) underwent RR and group II (13 patients) underwent RP, follow-up period was 3 months following surgery. Successful outcome defined as postoperative exophoria/exotropia less than 10 Prism diopters (PD) to esophoria/esotropia less than 5 Prism diopters.

Results
Postoperative, the success rate was 71.43% in group I and 76.92% in group II, without significant difference (P=0.683). Patients with fair and good control of deviation preoperatively had more chances of success than patients with preoperative poor control (OR=12.0, 95% CI = 1.482–97.179, P=0.020), other factors including the age, preoperative angle, surgical procedure, errors of refraction had no significant association with successful surgical outcome.

Conclusion
Both the RR and RP procedures exhibit comparable effectiveness in treating basic-type X (T). Plication may be chosen as a substitute tightening technique due to its additional benefits over resection. Poor Preoperative control of deviation decreased the chances of a successful outcome.
Incidence and management of intraocular lens opacification after primary phacovitrectomy for combined cataract and diabetic vitrectomy
Authors: Al-Naimy Mohammed A. , Khairy Marwa A. , Alagorie Ahmed Roshdy , Deiaeldin Yasmine A. 
Published: May 2024

Purpose
To evaluate the incidence, risks, and sequelae of hydrophobic versus hydrophilic intraocular lens (IOL) opacification in diabetic patient’s undergone primary phacovitrectomy, and suggest the best management plan for IOL opacification.

Patients and methods
This retrospective study included 42 eyes of 42 diabetic patients scheduled for primary combined phacoemulsification and pars plana vitrectomy in Alpha vision center in the period from July 2021 to November 2022 for significant cataract and any cause that indicates pars plana vitrectomy in diabetic patients like unresolved vitreous hemorrhage, traction retinal detachment, combined traction rhegmatogenous retinal detachment, subhyaloid hemorrhage, and epiretinal membranes or combination of these pathologies. Hydrophilic IOLs were implanted in half patients while hydrophobic IOLs were implanted in the other half. All patients were followed up for their primary retinal pathology and for monitoring the incidence and progression of any IOL opacification. Patients who developed IOL opacification were examined for its visual impact and those who needed IOL exchange were scheduled for another surgery. Surgical details of the second intervention and any adverse events were recorded.

Results
Seven (33.3%) cases in hydrophilic group developed IOL opacification while no cases developed opacification in hydrophobic group (P=0.009). Five patients with IOL opacification required IOL exchange, with either secondary implantation of sulcus three pieces IOL or iris claw that resulted in significant improvement of patient’s vision. One patient of those undergone IOL exchange developed progressive secondary neovascular glaucoma. A statistically significant association between diabetic control and the level of glycosylated hemoglobin and the development of IOL opacification in hydrophilic group was noticed.

Conclusion
Diabetic patients who require primary phacovitrectomy have higher incidence of hydrophilic IOL opacification that may affect their vision and the sequelae of IOL exchange is considerable. So, it is recommended to use hydrophobic IOL in these patients. Tight glycemic control post diabetic vitrectomy may play a role in preventing the IOL opacification especially in implanted hydrophilic IOLs.
How Effective is Transversus Abdominis Plane Block in Reducing Pain and Opioid Needs Following Bariatric Surgery?
Authors: Lopez Ciara , Smith Dennis , Buffington Cynthia 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background:
Several studies have found that ultrasound-guided transversus abdominis plane (TAP) block is useful for pain management with bariatric surgery. In this study, we have examined perioperative pain management and opioid needs of totally robotic (TR) Roux-en-Y gastric bypass and sleeve gastrectomy patients who had or did not have a TAP block as part of their enhanced recovery after bariatric surgery protocol and multimodal analgesia (MMA) regimen.

Materials and Methods:
The study was a retrospective analysis of 149 primary totally robotic bariatric surgeries performed with (n = 75) or without (n = 74) TAP block between April 2022 and December 2022. Measures included: (1) patient characteristics, (2) surgical outcomes, and (3) early and late postoperative (PO) pain intensity and cumulative opioid needs. Pain scores and opioid usage were assessed in the post-anesthesia care unit (PACU) and the first 24 h of the hospital stay.

Results:
Patient characteristics, operative time, time in PACU, and length of stay did not significantly differ between patients who had a TAP block and those who did not. Pain scores (early or late) did not differ significantly with or without TAP block, nor did 24-h opioid consumption (6.24 and 6.23 morphine milliequivalents) or the number of patients requiring opioids for pain management (37% vs. 42%, respectively). Surgery expenses were significantly higher with TAP block due to the added costs of the procedure ($713.31).

Conclusion:
TAP block had no additive benefit to our MMA regimen in reducing PO pain and opioid usage.
Comparative evaluation of different surface pretreatment methods on the depth of penetration of adhesive resin in sandwich technique: A confocal laser scanning microscopy study
Authors: Nihalani Harsha , Borkar Anamika Chetan , Shetty Soumya Sharath , Gupta Komal , Khairajani Dipti , Kakodkar Riddhi 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Aim:
The aim of the study was to evaluate and compare the depth of penetration of adhesive resin in resin-modified glass ionomer cement (RMGIC) after different surface pretreatment methods using a confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM).

Methods:
Class I cavity preparation was done in 45 freshly extracted premolars and divided into three groups, according to the surface pretreatment of RMGIC which was placed in a thickness of 1 mm in the cavity. In the control group, no pretreatment was done, and other two groups were pretreated with acid etching and air abrasion (AA). The fifth-generation dentin bonding agent mixed with rhodamine B dye 0.1% was applied on RMGIC in all the samples and cured for 15 s. Samples were restored using composite resin and sectioned longitudinally. The depth of penetration of adhesive resin was evaluated using CLSM.

Results:
Depth of penetration of adhesive resin was highest with AA (153.70 ± 10.23), followed by acid etching (122.71 ± 12.25) and control group (77.12 ± 6.37).

Conclusion:
Based on the findings of this research, AA enhances the depth of penetration of adhesive resin in the RMGIC surface. Thus, AA before placement of composite resin on the RMGIC can be effective in a clinical scenario.
Use of Anal Fistula Plug for Treatment of Fistula-in-ano: A Novel Technique?
Authors: Shah Amit Kumar , Shankaran R. , Shah Akshat 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background:
Fistula-in-ano is a chronic phase of anorectal suppuration characterized by purulent discharge. The conventional gold standard fistulotomy opens the entire track to heal with secondary intention. Anal fistula plug (AFP) is one of the newer modalities where the track is debrided from within and plugged with a biodegradable material made of porcine small intestinal submucosa.

Materials and Methods:
A total of 100 patients were enrolled in a randomized prospective study into two groups: conventional fistulotomy (CF) group and AFP group with 50 patients in each arm. The demography and surgical outcomes were assessed for postoperative pain, discharge and recovery, and failure.

Results:
All 100 patients included in the study had a history of anorectal suppuration which led to the residual anal fistula. Postoperative pain and analgesic requirements were equal in the two groups. The recovery period and return to work were shorter in the AFP group, and this difference was statistically significant. The success rate was 100% in the CF group as compared to 76% in the AFP group. There was no significant complication, failure, or recurrence in the CF group as against allergy (1), extrusion of plug (2), and failure/recurrence (9) in the AFP group.

Conclusion:
Our study shows that the application of bioprosthetic plugs may be an alternative option in a select group of patients. AFP has also shown to have a faster recovery with less morbidity and comparable success rates.
Peripheral artery disease a harbinger of severe morbidity
Authors: Familoni O. M. , Uwanuruochi Kelechukwu , Elendu Kelechi Collins 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Peripheral artery disease develops on the background of risk factors. It carries a significant morbidity and mortality. We report an 87-year-old woman who developed stenosis of the right popliteal artery, with ischemic involvement of the right leg. In the process of preparation for revascularization, the right leg became gangrenous, and she had to be amputated. We discuss management challenges in our environment.
Diagnostic accuracy of artificial intelligence versus dental experts in predicting endodontic outcomes: A systematic review
Authors: Choudhari Sahil , Ramesh Sindhu , Shah Tanvi Deepak , Teja Kavalipurapu Venkata 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Introduction:
In the rapidly evolving landscape of health care, artificial intelligence (AI) has emerged as a promising tool to enhance diagnostic accuracy across various medical disciplines. Within the realm of dentistry, one critical area of focus is endodontics, which involves the diagnosis and treatment of dental pulp diseases. This systematic review investigates the diagnostic precision of AI in contrast to dental experts when predicting endodontic outcomes.

Materials and Methods:
The review was conducted based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. The review was registered on the Open Science Framework database. A systematic search was performed of the literature on the application of AI versus dental experts in endodontics. The search was conducted on PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and OVID until December 2022. The QUADAS-2 tool was used to evaluate the risk of bias.

Results:
The initial search retrieved 972 records, of which eight articles were included in the study. The studies reported application of AI for working length determination, periapical lesions, pulp and tooth segmentation, apical periodontitis, vertical root fracture, and C-shaped canals. QUADAS-2 tool revealed a low risk of bias in five out of the eight included studies.

Conclusion:
AI models demonstrated a notable increase in accuracy and effectiveness in endodontic diagnosis and treatment planning. These results suggest that the integration of AI technology in endodontic diagnosis and treatment planning has immense potential to serve as a promising aid.
Influence of root canal moisture on the penetration of TotalFill bioceramic sealer into the dentinal tubules: A confocal laser scanning microscopy study
Authors: Singh Archika M , Elsewify Tarek M , El-Sayed Walid S , Nuawafleh Husam H , Elemam Ranya F , Eid Bassem M 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Introduction:
Bioceramic (BC) sealers exhibit multiple desirable biologic and physical properties. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of root canal moisture on the depth of TotalFill BC sealer penetration into dentinal tubules at different levels using a confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM).

Materials and Methods:
The manuscript of this laboratory study has been written according to preferred reporting items for laboratory studies in endodontology 2021 guidelines. Forty single-rooted extracted human premolars were decoronated using a low-speed diamond disc, followed by root canal preparation using nickel–titanium files under copious irrigation. The samples were randomly allocated for obturation into four groups n = 10 based on the sealer and root canal moisture status. Group A: TotalFill BC sealer in wet canal, Group B: TotalFill BC sealer in dry canal, Group C: AH Plus sealer in wet canal, and Group D: AH Plus sealer in dry canal. The roots were sectioned at three different distances from the apex. The root segments were examined using CLSM to measure the extent of sealer penetration into the dentinal tubules. The data underwent analysis through a three-way mixed ANOVA test, followed by post hoc assessments (P < 0.05).

Results:
In wet canals, the tubular penetration of TotalFill BC sealer was notably greater than that of AH plus, with a statistically significant difference. However, AH Plus sealer had a statistically significant tubular penetration in the dry canals compared to the wet. Greater sealer penetration was observed at 5 mm from the apex, followed by 3 mm, and the least penetration depth was found at 1 mm from the apex.

Conclusions:
The presence of root canal moisture and distance from the apex had a significant impact on the penetration of TotalFill BC sealer into the dentinal tubules.
A novel nomogram for the prediction of perforation during endoscopic submucosal dissection for colorectal neoplasms
Authors: Zhang Yuxin , Gu Fang , Liu Xun , Ding Shigang 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background:
High perforation risk hinders the widespread adoption of ESD for colorectal neoplasms. This study was performed to determine the risk factors of colorectal endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD)-induced perforation and develop a predictive model.

Methods:
A total of 1046 colorectal neoplasms in 1011 patients were retrospectively enrolled from January 2011 to December 2021, in a single tertiary center as the derivation cohort. We identified independent risk factors for perforation using univariate analysis and multi-variate logistic regression. A nomogram was developed based on the logistic regression model and prospectively applied to 266 colorectal neoplasms as the validation cohort. The performance of the predictive model was evaluated with the receiver operating characteristic curve, calibration plot, and decision curve analysis.

Results:
Independent pre-operative factors for colorectal ESD-induced perforation were tumor located in the left colon [odds ratio (OR) 2.39, P = 0.040], size ≥ 40 mm (OR 3.36, P < 0.001), ≥2/3 circumference (OR 7.55, P = 0.004), located across folds (OR 6.26, P < 0.001), and laterally spreading tumor (non-granular type, OR 2.34, P = 0.029; granular type, OR 2.46, P = 0.021). The nomogram model incorporating the pre-operative factors performed well in both the derivation and validation cohorts (areas under the curve of 0.750 and 0.806, respectively). Decision curve analysis demonstrated that the clinical benefit of the nomogram was favorable.

Conclusions:
The novel nomogram, developed and prospectively validated, incorporating tumor size, location, and morphology can successfully predict perforation during ESD for colorectal neoplasms.
Bacterial dysbiosis in newly diagnosed treatment naïve pediatric ulcerative colitis in Saudi Arabia
Authors: El Mouzan Mohammad , Al Mofarreh Mohammad , Alsaleem Badr , Al Sarkhy Ahmed , Alanazi Aziz , Khormi Musa , Almasoud Abdullah , Assiri Asaad 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background:
The role of microbiota in the pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis (UC) has been increasingly recognized. However, most of the reports are from Western populations. In Middle Eastern countries, including Saudi Arabia, little is known about the role of microbiota. Therefore, our aim was to describe the bacterial microbiota profile and signature in pediatric UC in Saudi Arabia.

Methods:
Twenty children with UC and 20 healthy controls enrolled in the study gave stool samples. Twenty rectal mucosal samples were taken from UC and 20 from non-UC controls. Inclusion criteria included newly diagnosed and untreated children and lack of antibiotic exposure for at least 6 months before stool collection was required for children with UC and controls. Bacterial deoxyribonucleic acid was extracted and sequenced using shotgun metagenomic analysis. Statistical analysis included Shannon alpha diversity metrics, Bray-Curtis dissimilarity, DESeq2, and biomarker discovery.

Results:
The demographic characteristics were similar in children with UC and controls. There was a significant reduction in alpha diversity (P = 0.037) and beta diversity in samples from children with UC (P = 0.001). Many taxa were identified with log2 abundance analysis, revealing 110 and 102 species significantly depleted and enriched in UC, respectively. Eleven bacterial species’ signatures were identified.

Conclusions:
In Saudi Arabian children with UC, we demonstrate a dysbiosis similar to reports from Western populations, possibly related to changes of lifestyle. Microbial signature discovery in this report is an important contribution to research, leading to the development of adjunctive non-invasive diagnostic options in unusual cases of UC.
Prevalence of Chronic Rhinosinusitis in the Jazan Region of Saudi Arabia
Authors: Hakami Nouf Adel , Aburasain Khadijah Shami , Abualgasem Mohammad M , Hakami Ayman , Daghriri Hasan Mohammad , Sumaily Ibrahim 
Published: May 2024

Background:
Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is one of the most common medical problems worldwide. It has a significant impact on the quality of life and productivity of many people. The prevalence of CRS varies throughout the world. In this study, we evaluated the prevalence of CRS in the Jazan region of Saudi Arabia.

Methods:
We conducted a cross-sectional study, using an online questionnaire to collect data on demographic, Sinonasal outcome test-22 (SNOT-22), chronic diseases, and smoking status. The prevalence was estimated based on the established diagnosis and a high SNOT-22 score with the presence of three of the cardinal symptoms of CRS. Variables associated with the presence of CRS were evaluated.

Results:
The 1081 contributors that met our inclusion criteria included 594 males and 487 females with a median (interquartile range) age of 31 (17) years. More than half of all participants (n = 653, 60.4%) had high SNOT-22 (>18/110), but many did not fulfill the criteria for CRS in this study. Of the 1081, 215 had an established diagnosis and had three or more of the cardinal symptoms of CRS. In addition, 134 cases had not been clinically evaluated before but were suffering from three or more of the cardinal symptoms of CRS. Based on this, the estimated prevalence of CRS among our sample was 349 CRS patients (32.3%). CRS was less in people from mountainous areas (24.8%, P = 0.020).

Conclusions:
CRS was more prevalent in the hotter plains and coasts than in the mountains. Further studies are warranted to estimate the annual incidence and the impact on the health-care services as well as on the occupational and personal lives of the individuals.
Mirror symmetry and Hitchin system on Deligne–Mumford curves: Strominger–Yau–Zaslow duality
Authors: Huang Yonghong 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
We systematically study the moduli stacks of Higgs bundles, spectral curves, and Norm maps on Deligne–Mumford curves. As an application, under some mild conditions, we prove the Strominger–Yau–Zaslow duality for the moduli spaces of Higgs bundles over a hyperbolic stacky curve.
Riesgo de impactación temprana de caninos maxilares mediante radiografías panorámicas
Authors: Cueva Buendía Luis Alberto , Pariajulca Fernandez Israel Robert , Bonilla Cairo Pablo Santiago , Jesus Balbín Evelyn Jeannet , Salazar Lazo Rodrigo Elías 
Published: May 2024

Objetivo: Determinar el riesgo de impactación de caninos maxilares en niños entre 8 y 11 años en un centro radiológico de Huancayo según el método de Power and Short. Material y Métodos: Estudio básico de diseño descriptivo transversal. Se sometido a pruebas no paramétricas, Kruskal-Wallis para hallar diferencias significativas entre los valores de angulación por edad y sexo de los pacientes; y Friedman para hallar diferencias significativas entre los valores de angulación de acuerdo al cuadrante comprometido. Resultados: Según género fue en el femenino tiene un mayor riesgo desfavorable de impactación con 3,9%, regular 15,2 y favorable de 35,8%; el género masculino desfavorable fue de 0,9 % , regular de 11,8% y favorable de 32,4%; según edad fue en mayor proporción de riesgo favorable en el grupo etario de 11 años con un 29%, en 9 años 15,1%, en 10 años 12,7%, en 8 años 11,2%; el riesgo regular fue mayoritario en el grupo de 11 años con 14,7%, 6,8% en 8 años, 5,8% en 9 años y 1,4% en 10 años; el riesgo desfavorable en 11 años fue 3,4% y en los de 10; 9 y 8 años tienen un 0,4% cada uno Conclusiones: El riesgo de impactación de los caninos maxilares fue favorable en un 68,2%, regular 27% y desfavorable 4,8%. No hubo diferencia significativa entre las angulaciones de acuerdo al cuadrante derecho e izquierdo, según edad ni sexo (p-valor de 0,89 y 0,20 respectivamente).
Problematic diagnosis of economic development of textile enterprises
Authors: Shikovets Catherine 
Published: May 2024

The global financial crisis has shown that the old economic models for diagnosing the economic development of enterprises do not work with the necessary efficiency. Today, they have lost their relevance due to changes in economic systems and economic relations between them. Therefore, the problem of developing such models, methods and forms of assessing economic development, which would best meet the requirements of today, is acute. The paper considers the problematic diagnosis of economic development of textile enterprises. Since economic development is a system-driven development, the basis of its manageability is a systematic approach, and modern information technology, which allows quickly modeling of different options for development, it is proposed to apply the "Cybernetic concept of management in the space of boundary resources and states of the object of development” (CURSOR+) to the problematic diagnosis of the development of textile enterprises. As a result, an integrated model of system-situational development and a balanced scorecard (BSC) is proposed. The causal relationships that exist between all four indicators of the BSC are a reflection of the business strategy adopted by the enterprise. Such correlations are assessed using a correlation coefficient. To obtain a single diagnostic indicator of development, it is proposed to carry out the procedure of convolution of all correlation coefficients. The analysis of necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of the extremum of the development indicator as a function of many variables allowed determining the differential levels of economic development of textile enterprises.