bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
In Vivo Reactive Astrocyte Imaging in Patients With Schizophrenia Using Fluorine 18–Labeled THK5351
Authors: Kim Minah , Choi Woori , Choi Sunah , Oh Harin , Kim Jongrak , Lee Jungha , An Su-Jin , Hwang Jun Seo , Lee Yun-Sang , Song In Chan , Moon Sun-Young , Lho Silvia Kyungjin , Cho Sang Soo , Kwon Jun Soo 
Published: May 2024

ImportanceIn vivo imaging studies of reactive astrocytes are crucial for understanding the pathophysiology of schizophrenia because astrocytes play a critical role in glutamate imbalance and neuroinflammation.ObjectiveTo investigate in vivo reactive astrocytes in patients with schizophrenia associated with positive symptoms using monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B)–binding fluorine 18 ([18F])–labeled THK5351 positron emission tomography (PET).Design, Setting, and ParticipantsIn this case-control study, data were collected from October 1, 2021, to January 31, 2023, from the internet advertisement for the healthy control group and from the outpatient clinics of Seoul National University Hospital in Seoul, South Korea, for the schizophrenia group. Participants included patients with schizophrenia and age- and sex-matched healthy control individuals.Main Outcomes and MeasuresStandardized uptake value ratios (SUVrs) of [18F]THK5351 in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and hippocampus as primary regions of interest (ROIs), with other limbic regions as secondary ROIs, and the correlation between altered SUVrs and Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) positive symptom scores.ResultsA total of 68 participants (mean [SD] age, 32.0 [7.0] years; 41 men [60.3%]) included 33 patients with schizophrenia (mean [SD] age, 32.3 [6.3] years; 22 men [66.7%]) and 35 healthy controls (mean [SD] age, 31.8 [7.6] years; 19 men [54.3%]) who underwent [18F]THK5351 PET scanning. Patients with schizophrenia showed significantly higher SUVrs in the bilateral ACC (left, F = 5.767 [false discovery rate (FDR)–corrected P = .04]; right, F = 5.977 [FDR-corrected P = .04]) and left hippocampus (F = 4.834 [FDR-corrected P = .04]) than healthy controls. Trend-level group differences between the groups in the SUVrs were found in the secondary ROIs (eg, right parahippocampal gyrus, F = 3.387 [P = .07]). There were positive correlations between the SUVrs in the bilateral ACC and the PANSS positive symptom scores (left, r = 0.423 [FDR-corrected P = .03]; right, r = 0.406 [FDR-corrected P = .03]) in patients with schizophrenia.Conclusions and RelevanceThis case-control study provides novel in vivo imaging evidence of reactive astrocyte involvement in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. Reactive astrocytes in the ACC may be a future target for the treatment of symptoms of schizophrenia, especially positive symptoms.
Dose-Adjusted EPOCH Plus Inotuzumab Ozogamicin in Adults With Relapsed or Refractory B-Cell ALL
Authors: Kopmar Noam E. , Quach Kim , Gooley Ted A. , Martino Christen H. , Cherian Sindhu , Percival Mary-Elizabeth M. , Halpern Anna B. , Ghiuzeli Cristina M. , Oehler Vivian G. , Abkowitz Janis L. , Walter Roland B. , Cassaday Ryan D. 
Published: May 2024

ImportanceOptions for adults with relapsed or refractory B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia or lymphoma (B-ALL) are limited, and new approaches are needed. Inotuzumab ozogamicin (InO) has been combined with low-intensity chemotherapy, with modest improvements over historical controls, and dose-adjusted etoposide, prednisone, vincristine, cyclophosphamide, and doxorubicin (DA-EPOCH) treatment is safe and active for newly diagnosed ALL.ObjectiveTo assess the safety and clinical activity of DA-EPOCH and InO in adults with relapsed or refractory B-ALL.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis single-center, single-arm, nonrandomized, phase 1 dose-escalation trial included adults with relapsed or refractory CD22+ B-ALL and was conducted between September 2019 and November 2022. At least 5% blood or marrow blasts or measurable extramedullary disease (EMD) was required for enrollment.InterventionsDA-EPOCH was given on days 1 to 5, while InO was given on day 8 and day 15 of a 28-day cycle. Three dose levels were studied using a bayesian optimal interval design.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe primary outcome was the maximum tolerated dose of InO when combined with DA-EPOCH, defined as the highest dose level that produced a rate of dose-limiting toxicity below 33%. Secondary objectives included response rates, survival estimates, and descriptions of toxic effects.ResultsA total of 24 participants were screened and enrolled (median age, 46 [range, 28-76] years; 15 [62%] male). The median number of lines of prior therapy was 3 (range, 1-12). Three of 11 participants (27%) treated at the highest dose level (InO, 0.6 mg/m2, on day 8 and day 15) experienced dose-limiting toxicity, making this the maximum tolerated dose. No deaths occurred during the study, and only 1 patient (4%; 95% CI, 0.1%-21%) developed sinusoidal obstructive syndrome after poststudy allograft. The morphologic complete response rate was 84% (95% CI, 60%-97%), 88% (95% CI, 62%-98%) of which was measurable residual disease negative by flow cytometry. Five of 6 participants with EMD experienced treatment response. The overall response rate was 83% (95% CI, 63%-95%). Median overall survival, duration of response, and event-free survival were 17.0 (95% CI, 8.4-not reached), 15.0 (95% CI, 6.7-not reached), and 9.6 (95% CI, 4.5-not reached) months, respectively.ConclusionsIn this study, adding InO to DA-EPOCH in adults with relapsed or refractory B-ALL was feasible, with high response rates and sinusoidal obstructive syndrome occurring rarely in a heavily pretreated population. Many patients were able to proceed to poststudy consolidative allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplant and/or chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy. Further investigation of this combination is warranted.Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03991884
Hybrid Ceramic Polymer Electrolytes Enabling Long Cycling in Practical 1 Ah‐Class High‐Voltage Solid‐State Batteries with Li Metal Anode
Authors: Boaretto Nicola , Meabe Leire , Lindberg Simon , Perez‐Furundarena Haritz , Aldalur Itziar , Lobato Elias , Bonilla Francisco , Combarro Izaskun , Gutiérrez‐Pardo Antonio , Kvasha Andriy , Lechartier Marine , Vincent Rémi , Cognard Jérôme , Genies Sylvie , Daniel Lise , Martinez‐Ibañez María 
Published: May 2024

AbstractSolid polymer electrolytes offer a safer alternative to organic liquid electrolytes in high‐voltage lithium metal batteries, yet challenges remain in achieving adequate cyclability, energy density, scalability, and safety. This study presents the cycling performance of 1 Ah high‐voltage lithium polymer batteries featuring a hybrid ceramic polymer electrolyte (HCPE), a lithium metal anode, and a LiNi0.8Mn0.1Co0.1O2 (NMC‐811)‐based positive electrode. The HCPE stands out for its remarkable mechanical properties, with a Young's modulus exceeding 200 MPa at room temperature, providing robust resistance against dendrite formation. The Li||Li symmetric cells exhibited outstanding performance, cycling for over 1000 hours at a capacity of 2 mAh cm−2, highlighting the exceptional attributes of HCPE. Full cell testing is conducted under practical conditions, utilizing various cell configurations, from coin cells to large pouch cells with a 1 Ah capacity, achieving an energy density of nearly 250 Wh kg−1 and promising cyclability with 80% capacity retention after 110 cycles. The study also investigated thermal runaway characteristics, showing comparability with commercial lithium‐ion batteries. This research underscores the scalability and performance of high‐voltage lithium metal polymer batteries, advancing their potential for commercial viability.
A Soft‐Tissue Driven Bone Remodeling Algorithm for Mandibular Residual Ridge Resorption Based on Patient CT Image Data
Authors: Zhong Jingxiao , Huang Wenwei , Ahmad Rohana , Chen Junning , Wu Chi , Hu Jingrui , Zheng Keke , Swain Michael V. , Li Qing 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe role of the biomechanical stimulation generated from soft tissue has not been well quantified or separated from the self‐regulated hard tissue remodeling governed by Wolff's Law. Prosthodontic overdentures, commonly used to restore masticatory functions, can cause localized ischemia and inflammation as they often compress patients’ oral mucosa and impede local circulation. This biomechanical stimulus in mucosa is found to accelerate the self‐regulated residual ridge resorption (RRR), posing ongoing clinical challenges. Based on the dedicated long‐term clinical datasets, this work develops an in‐silico framework with a combination of techniques, including advanced image post‐processing, patient‐specific finite element models and unsupervised machine learning Self‐Organizing map algorithm, to identify the soft tissue induced RRR and quantitatively elucidate the governing relationship between the RRR and hydrostatic pressure in mucosa. The proposed governing equation has not only enabled a predictive simulation for RRR as showcased in this study, providing a biomechanical basis for optimizing prosthodontic treatments, but also extended the understanding of the mechanobiological responses in the soft‐hard tissue interfaces and the role in bone remodeling.
A Homochiral Porous Organic Cage‐Polymer Membrane for Enantioselective Resolution
Authors: Wang Fanmengjing , He Kaiqiang , Wang Ruoxin , Ma Hongyu , Marriott Philip J. , Hill Matthew R. , Simon George P. , Holl Mark M. Banaszak , Wang Huanting 
Published: May 2024

AbstractMembrane‐based enantioselective separation is a promising method for chiral resolution due to its low cost and high efficiency. However, scalable fabrication of chiral separation membranes displaying both high enantioselectivity and high flux of enantiomers is still a challenge. Here, the authors report the preparation of homochiral porous organic cage (Covalent cage 3 (CC3)‐R)‐based enantioselective thin‐film‐composite membranes using polyamide (PA) as the matrix, where fully organic and solvent‐processable cage crystals have good compatibility with the polymer scaffold. The hierarchical CC3‐R channels consist of chiral selective windows and inner cavities, leading to favorable chiral resolution and permeation of enantiomers; the CC3‐R/PA composite membranes display an enantiomeric excess of 95.2% for R‐(+)‐limonene over S‐(−)‐limonene and a high flux of 99.9 mg h−1 m−2. This work sheds light on the use of homochiral porous organic cages for preparing enantioselective membranes and demonstrates a new route for the development of next‐generation chiral separation membranes.
Combating Atherosclerosis with Chirality/Phase Dual‐Engineered Nanozyme Featuring Microenvironment‐Programmed Senolytic and Senomorphic Actions
Authors: Ding Chengjin , Min Jiao , Tan Yongkang , Zheng Liuting , Ma Ruxuan , Zhao Ruyi , Zhao Huiyue , Ding Qingqing , Chen Hongshan , Huo Da 
Published: May 2024

AbstractSenescence plays a critical role in the development and progression of various diseases. This study introduces an amorphous, high‐entropy alloy (HEA)‐based nanozyme designed to combat senescence. By adjusting the nanozyme's composition and surface properties, this work analyzes its catalytic performance under both normal and aging conditions, confirming that peroxide and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity are crucial for its anti‐aging therapeutic function. Subsequently, the chiral‐dependent therapeutic effect is validated and the senolytic performance of D‐handed PtPd2CuFe across several aging models is confirmed. Through multi‐Omics analyses, this work explores the mechanism underlying the senolytic action exerted by nanozyme in depth. It is confirm that exposure to senescent conditions leads to the enrichment of copper and iron atoms in their lower oxidation states, disrupting the iron‐thiol cluster in mitochondria and lipoic acid transferase, as well as oxidizing unsaturated fatty acids, triggering a cascade of cuproptosis and ferroptosis. Additionally, the concentration‐dependent anti‐aging effects of nanozyme is validated. Even an ultralow dose, the therapeutic can still act as a senomorphic, reducing the effects of senescence. Given its broad‐spectrum action and concentration‐adjustable anti‐aging potential, this work confirms the remarkable therapeutic capability of D‐handed PtPd2CuFe in managing atherosclerosis, a disease involving various types of senescent cells.
A Rational Design of Bio‐Derived Disulfide CANs for Wearable Capacitive Pressure Sensor
Authors: Yang Ding , Zhao Kai , Yang Rulin , Zhou Shang‐Wu , Chen Meng , Tian He , Qu Da‐Hui 
Published: May 2024

AbstractClassic approaches to integrate flexible capacitive sensor performance are to on‐demand microstructuring dielectric layers and to adjust dielectric material compositions via the introduction of insoluble carbon additives (to increase sensitivity) or dynamic interactions (to achieve self‐healing). However, the sensor's enhanced performances often come with increased material complexity, discouraging its circular economy. Herein, a new intrinsic self‐healable, closed‐loop recyclable dielectric layer material, a fully nature‐derived dynamic covalent poly(disulfide) decorated with rich H bonding and metal‐catechol complexations is introduced. The polymer network possesses a mechanically ductile character with an Arrhenius‐type temperature‐dependent viscoelasticity. The assembled capacitive pressure sensor is able to achieve a sensitivity of up to 9.26 kPa−1, fast response/recovery time of 32/24 ms, and can deliver consistent signals of continuous consecutive cycles even after being self‐healed or closed‐loop recycled for real‐time detection of human motions. This is expected to be of high interest for current capacitive sensing research to move toward a life‐like, high performance, and circular economy direction.
Superfast Zincophilic Ion Conductor Enables Rapid Interfacial Desolvation Kinetics for Low‐Temperature Zinc Metal Batteries
Authors: Cheng Xiaomin , Zuo Yinze , Zhang Yongzheng , Zhao Xinyu , Jia Lujie , Zhang Jing , Li Xiang , Wu Ziling , Wang Jian , Lin Hongzhen 
Published: May 2024

AbstractLow‐temperature rechargeable aqueous zinc metal batteries (AZMBs) as highly promising candidates for energy storage are largely hindered by huge desolvation energy barriers and depressive Zn2+ migration kinetics. In this work, a superfast zincophilic ion conductor of layered zinc silicate nanosheet (LZS) is constructed on a metallic Zn surface, as an artificial layer and ion diffusion accelerator. The experimental and simulation results reveal the zincophilic ability and layer structure of LZS not only promote the desolvation kinetics of [Zn(H2O)6]2+ but also accelerate the Zn2+ transport kinetics across the anode/electrolyte interface, guiding uniform Zn deposition. Benefiting from these features, the LZS‐modified Zn anodes showcase long‐time stability (over 3300 h) and high Coulombic efficiency with ≈99.8% at 2 mA cm−2, respectively. Even reducing the environment temperature down to 0 °C, ultralong cycling stability up to 3600 h and a distinguished rate performance are realized. Consequently, the assembled Zn@LZS//V2O5‐x full cells deliver superior cyclic stability (344.5 mAh g−1 after 200 cycles at 1 A g−1) and rate capability (285.3 mAh g−1 at 10 A g−1) together with a low self‐discharge rate, highlighting the bright future of low‐temperature AZMBs.
Uniform Tendency of Surface Dipoles Across Silicon Doping Levels and Types of H‐Terminated Surfaces
Authors: Harilal Sherina , Sadhujan Sumesh , Zhang Kefan , Shalabny Awad , Buonocore Francesco , Ferrucci Barbara , Giusepponi Simone , Celino Massimo , Bashouti Muhammad Y. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe termination of surface‐dangling bonds on silicon through hydrogen atoms, also known as Si–H, can achieve chemical passivation and reduce surface states in the electronic bandgap, thus altering electronic properties. Through a comprehensive study of doping levels (1014–1020 cm−3) and types (n and p), a consistent surface dipole trend induced by Si–H termination is discovered. It is achieved by redistributing surface charges and establishing thermal equilibrium with the chemical bond. To resolve this, the surface work function, surface electron affinity, and the energy difference between the valence band and the Fermi level are measured by employing the Kelvin probe, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and photoelectron yield spectroscopy methods. These findings are further validated through ab initio simulations. This finding has immense implications not only for eliminating electronic defects at semiconductor interfaces, which is crucial in microelectronics but also for developing and engineering hybrid interfaces and heterojunctions with controlled electronic properties.
Is union membership associated with higher wages of U.S. farmworkers? An empirical analysis using the National Agricultural Workers Survey
Authors: Fisher Monica , Reimer Jeffrey J. , Lewin Paul A. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractUsing National Agricultural Workers Survey (NAWS) data, we examine which farmworkers are unionized and whether their status differs systematically from non‐unionized farmworkers. Logit results indicate farmworkers are less likely to be unionized if they are Black, unauthorized to work in the U.S., less educated, have English proficiency, work for farm labor contractors (versus growers), and cultivate field (vs. horticulture) crops. Blinder‐Oaxaca decomposition reveals that union members earn $0.87 more in hourly wages, are 4.8% points more likely to receive a bonus, and are 15.6% points more likely to have employer‐provided health insurance than comparable non‐unionized farmworkers.
Experiment and Computational Study on Pd‐Catalyzed MIA‐Directed Ortho‐C−H Alkynlation of Phenylalanine
Authors: Zhang Fujie , Liang Yu , Liu Dong‐Hui , Liu Peng‐Yu , Huang Liangliang , He Yu‐Peng , Yu Fang 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe direct ortho‐alkynylation of substituted phenylalanine has been successfully achieved through methoxyiminoacyl (MIA)‐mediated Pd‐catalyzed C−H functionalization. This innovative protocol showcases the ability to apply a diverse range of phenylalanine substrates, resulting in the efficient synthesis of alkynylation benzylamine derivatives with notable effectiveness. Computational investigations further revealed that the fluoride ion enhances the electropositivity of Pd(IV) and the interaction between C1 and C2 within the transition state of the reductive elimination, which significantly expedites the reductive elimination step in the alkynylation process.
Electroencephalographic Correlates of Clinical Severity in the Natural history study of RTT and Related Disorders
Authors: Saby Joni N. , Mulcahey Patrick J. , Benke Timothy A. , Peters Sarika U. , Standridge Shannon M. , Lieberman David N. , Key Alexandra P. , Percy Alan K. , Nelson Charles A. , Roberts Timothy P. L. , Neul Jeffrey L. , Marsh Eric D. 
Published: May 2024

ObjectiveThis study was undertaken to characterize quantitative electroencephalographic (EEG) features in participants from the Natural history study of RTT and Related Disorders and to assess the potential for these features to act as objective measures of cortical function for Rett syndrome (RTT).MethodsEEG amplitude and power features were derived from the resting EEG of 60 females with RTT (median age = 10.7 years) and 26 neurotypical females (median age = 10.6 years). Analyses focus on group differences and within the RTT group, associations between the EEG parameters and clinical severity. For a subset of participants (n = 20), follow‐up data were available for assessing the reproducibility of the results and the stability in the parameters over 1 year.ResultsCompared to neurotypical participants, participants with RTT had greater amplitude variability and greater low‐frequency activity as reflected by greater delta power, more negative 1/f slope, and lower theta/delta, alpha/delta, beta/delta, alpha/theta, and beta/theta ratios. Greater delta power, more negative 1/f slope, and lower power ratios were associated with greater severity. Analyses of year 1 data replicated the associations between 1/f slope and power ratios and clinical severity and demonstrated good within‐subject consistency in these measures.InterpretationOverall, group comparisons reflected a greater predominance of lower versus higher frequency activity in participants with RTT, which is consistent with prior clinical interpretations of resting EEG in this population. The observed associations between the EEG power measures and clinical assessments and the repeatability of these measures underscore the potential for EEG to provide an objective measure of cortical function and clinical severity for RTT. ANN NEUROL 2024;96:175–186
Multi‐Responsive Peptide‐Based Ultrathin Nanosheets Prepared by a Horizontal Monolayer Assembly
Authors: He Yanmei , Zhu Xiaohong , Wang Lei , Zhang Yue , Bai Chen , Wu Dongdong 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIn this study, peptide‐based self‐assembled nanosheets with a thickness of approximately 1 nm were prepared using a hierarchical covalent physical fabrication strategy. The covalent alternating polymerization of helical peptide E3 with an azobenzene (AZO) structure yielded copolymers CoP(E3‐AZO), which physically self‐assembled into ultrathin nanosheets in an unanticipated two‐dimensional horizontal monolayer arrangement. This special monolayer arrangement enabled the thickness of the nanosheets to be equal to the cross‐sectional diameter of a single linear copolymer, which is a rare phenomenon. Molecular dynamics simulations suggested that the synergistic effect of multiple molecular interactions drives the self‐assembly of CoP(E3‐AZO) into nanosheets and that various methods, including phototreatment, pH adjustment, the addition of additives, and introduction of cosolvents, can alter the molecular interactions and modulate the self‐assembly of CoP(E3‐AZO), yielding diverse nanostructures. Remarkably, the ultrathin nanosheets selectively inhibited cancer cells at certain concentrations.
Progressive Optimization of Lanthanide Nanoparticle Scintillators for Enhanced Triple‐Activated Radioluminescence Imaging
Authors: Li Jingchao , Li Yun , Ming Jiang , Zeng Xinying , Wang Tingting , Yang Hongzhang , Liu Hongwu , An Yibo , Zhang Xun , Zhuang Rongqiang , Su Xinhui , Guo Zhide , Zhang Xianzhong 
Published: May 2024

AbstractLanthanide nanoparticle (LnNP) scintillators exhibit huge potential in achieving radionuclide‐activated luminescence (radioluminescence, RL). However, their structure–activity relationship remains largely unexplored. Herein, progressive optimization of LnNP scintillators is presented to unveil their structure‐dependent RL property and enhance their RL output efficiency. Benefiting from the favorable host matrix and the luminescence‐protective effect of core–shell engineering, NaGdF4 : 15 %Eu@NaLuF4 nanoparticle scintillators with tailored structures emerged as the top candidates. Living imaging experiments based on optimal LnNP scintillators validated the feasibility of laser‐free continuous RL activated by clinical radiopharmaceuticals for tumor multiplex visualization. This research provides unprecedented insights into the rational design of LnNP scintillators, which would enable efficient energy conversion from Cerenkov luminescence, γ‐radiation, and β‐electrons into visible photon signals, thus establishing a robust nanotechnology‐aided approach for tumor‐directed radio‐phototheranostics.