bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
C–F Bond Activation of Highly Fluorinated Molecules at Rhodium: From Model Reactions to Catalysis (Eur. J. Inorg. Chem. 5/2011)
Authors: Braun Thomas , Wehmeier Falk 
Published: February 2011

AbstractThe cover picture shows C–F bond‐cleavage reactions at highly fluorinated substrates by rhodium complexes. The thermodynamic driving force is provided by the formation of strong element–fluorine bonds such as H–F, Si–F or B–F bonds. Details are presented in the Microreview by T. Braun and F. Wehmeier on p. 613 ff.
Enantioselective CuII‐Catalyzed Diels–Alder and Michael Addition Reactions in Water Using Bio‐Inspired Triazacyclophane‐Based Ligands
Authors: Bauke Albada H. , Rosati Fiora , Coquière David , Roelfes Gerard , Liskamp Rob M. J. 
Published: February 2011

AbstractA triazacyclophane (TAC) scaffold decorated with three histidine amino acid residues was used as a tridentate ligand in asymmetric copper(II)‐catalysed Diels–Alder and Michael addition reactions in water. Enantiomeric excesses up to 55 % were obtained in Diels–Alder reactions using ligands in which the histidine residues were directly attached to the TAC scaffold. Additional amino acid residues on the N‐termini of the histidine residues or positioned between the histidine residues and the TAC scaffold, resulted in almost complete loss of enantioselectivity. Modelling studies of the coordination complex of the most specific ligand indicated the presence of a substrate binding pocket in proximity to the catalytically active centre.
Chemistry on a Half‐Shell: Synthesis and Derivatization of Buckybowls
Authors: Sygula Andrzej 
Published: February 2011

AbstractBuckybowls, bowl‐shaped polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons structurally related to fullerenes, represent a class of hydrocarbons with unique properties and a potential for application as novel materials. This review outlines the development of the practical preparations of buckybowls, starting with the original synthesis of corannulene achieved in 1966. A particular attention is paid to the last decade developments which include construction of large, highly nonplanar molecular networks (molecular clips and tweezers) capable of binding guest molecules of various sizes and shapes. In particular, such molecular clips were proven to form stable supramolecular complexes with fullerenes C60 and C70, both in solution and in the solid state.
A Computational (DFT, MP2) and GIAO NMR Study of Substituent Effects in Benzenediazonium Mono‐ and Dications
Authors: Borosky Gabriela L. , Okazaki Takao , Laali Kenneth K. 
Published: February 2011

Abstract15N and 13C NMR chemical shifts were computed by GIAO‐DFT and GIAO‐MP2 for a series of p‐substituted benzenediazonium mono‐ and dications in order to probe the electronic effects of the substituents on the diazonium moiety. Optimized geometries and N/N vibrational frequencies werealso considered for comparison. The GIAO‐DFT derived15N chemical shifts correlate more closely with the experimental values as compared to GIAO‐MP2. Energyminimizations at the B3LYP/6‐311+G(2d,p), M062X‐6‐311+G(2d,p), MP2/6‐311+G(2d,p), G2(MP2), and CBS‐Q levels were carried out. Relative dication stability order HCO+ > HOMe+ > HN(Me)2+ > HOH+ > HCN+ > HNO2+ was derived from isodesmic proton transfer reactions. The Nβ‐protonated dications were less stable than the corresponding p‐R+ dications. Among the regioisomeric Nβ‐protonated dications (with R = –F, –Cl, and –CN), those with the R group in the para position were preferred. For the regioisomeric, ring‐protonated benzenium‐diazonium dications, the meta‐protonated dications were more favored (by DFT and MP2). Influence of the counterion and solvent on the computed 15N NMR chemical shifts in PhN2+ X– were also assessed.
Continuous‐time random walk models of DNA electrophoresis in a post array: Part I. Evaluation of existing models
Authors: Olson Daniel W. , Ou Jia , Tian Mingwei , Dorfman Kevin D. 
Published: February 2011

AbstractSeveral continuous‐time random walk (CTRW) models exist to predict the dynamics of DNA in micropost arrays, but none of them quantitatively describes the separation seen in experiments or simulations. In Part I of this series, we examine the assumptions underlying these models by observing single molecules of λ DNA during electrophoresis in a regular, hexagonal array of oxidized silicon posts. Our analysis takes advantage of a combination of single‐molecule videomicroscopy and previous Brownian dynamics simulations. Using a custom‐tracking program, we automatically identify DNA‐post collisions and thus study a large ensemble of events. Our results show that the hold‐up time and the distance between collisions for consecutive collisions are uncorrelated. The distance between collisions is a random variable, but it can be smaller than the minimum value predicted by existing models of DNA transport in post arrays. The current CTRW models correctly predict the exponential decay in the probability density of the collision hold‐up times, but they fail to account for the influence of finite‐sized posts on short hold‐up times. The shortcomings of the existing models identified here motivate the development of a new CTRW approach, which is presented in Part II of this series.
A new tribe modified shuffled frog leaping algorithm for multi‐objective distribution feeder reconfiguration considering distributed generator units
Authors: Niknam Taher , Farsani Ehsan Azad , Nayeripour Majid , Bahmani Firouzi Bahman 
Published: February 2011

SUMMARYIn this paper, an efficient Tribe‐Modified Shuffled Frog Leaping Algorithm (T‐MSFLA) is presented to solve Multi‐objective Distribution Feeder Reconfiguration (MDFR) problem with regard to Distributed Generator (DG) units. The Distribution Feeder Reconfiguration (DFR) is one of the most important control schemes in the distribution networks, which can be affected by DG units. The main focus of this study is to minimize the real power loss, deviation of the nodes' voltage, and emission produced by DG units and distribution companies (substation buses), and total cost of the active power generated by DG units and distribution companies, so that radiality of the network is maintained. In this paper, the max–min method has been used to preserve the radiality of network. Because of the fact that the objectives are different and no commensurable, it is difficult to solve the problem by conventional approaches that may optimize a single objective problem. This paper presents a new T‐MSFLA algorithm for the MDFR problem. In the proposed algorithm (T‐MSFLA) at first we modify the frog leaping rule of shuffled frog leaping algorithm, the modified algorithm is MSFLA, and then a Tribe‐MSFLA is used to prevent the prematurity of MSFLA. We consider an external repository to save non‐dominated solutions found during the search process. Since the objective functions are not the same, a fuzzy clustering technique is used to control the size of the repository within the limits. The proposed algorithm is tested on three distribution test feeders. The results of simulation show that the proposed method is very powerful and guarantees to obtain the global optimization. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Study of an isolated wind–diesel hybrid power system with STATCOM by incorporating a new mathematical model of PMIG
Authors: Sharma Pawan , Bhatti T. S. , Ramakrishna K. S. S. 
Published: February 2011

SUMMARYThis paper presents automatic reactive power control of an isolated wind–diesel hybrid power system. A synchronous generator is used for power generation from diesel and a permanent‐magnet induction generator (PMIG) is used for electric power generation from wind turbine. A new mathematical model is developed to incorporate the effect of permanent‐magnet of the PMIG in the generation of reactive power. To eliminate the gap between reactive power generation and demand, a variable source of reactive power is used such as static synchronous compensator (STATCOM). A study on the wind–diesel system is conducted based on small signal analysis by considering IEEE type‐1 excitation system for the synchronous generator. The paper also shows the dynamic performance of the hybrid system both for constant and variable slip conditions and 1% step change in reactive power load. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The mean–WCVaR based model for LDC's optimal portfolio in multi‐energy markets
Authors: Liu Haoming , Hou Yunhe 
Published: February 2011

SUMMARYIn a competitive electricity market with highly fluctuated electricity price, local distribution companies (LDCs) need to purchase electric power from several energy markets, such as spot markets, long‐term tolling agreements and forward contracts, to maximize profits and minimize risks. Conditional Value‐at‐Risk (CVaR) can measure risk efficiently, but only one kind of price distribution rule may be considered. In fact, the spot electricity price usually does not follow the normal distribution, and it might be shown as logarithmic normal distribution if there was no enough supply at peak load situation. In this paper, a novel WCVaR method—Weighted Conditional Value‐at‐Risk—is proposed to measure the purchasing risk of LDC with multiple purchase options, especially when the electricity price follows more than one distribution rules. The Mean–WCVaR model is built as a mathematical programing problem to derive the efficient frontier that indicates the optimal tradeoffs available to LDC between expected revenue and purchasing risk in several energy markets. The existence of optimal solution of proposed WCVaR model is proved mathematically. Simulation results show the efficiency of the proposed model. The proposed model provides a new method for LDC to determine the optimal purchasing strategies considering the risk. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A new approach for load flow analysis of integrated AC–DC power systems using sequential modified Gauss–Seidel methods
Authors: Messalti Sabir , Belkhiat Saad , Saadate Shahrokh , Flieller Damien 
Published: February 2011

SUMMARYThe paper describes a new approach for the load flow calculations of integrated AC–DC system. A simple and reliable method for sequential modified Gauss and Gauss–Seidel power flow for AC–DC system is developed. This approach is based on applying nodal injection theory at all buses. The DC system is treated by the current injected to the buses where it is connected and its effect is reflected at internal buses by additional power injection. Iterations between AC and DC power flow algorithms are made to match boundary conditions between the two systems. In this approach, the active and reactive power and the AC voltages at the converter buses are considered as the interface between the AC and DC equations in each iteration step. The combined AC–DC equations are solved separately using sequential modified Gauss and Gauss–Seidel methods. The developed algorithm to solve the AC–DC power flow has been tested on the IEEE 9‐bus test system. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effect of oral supplementation of Lactobacillus reuteri in reduction of intestinal absorption of aflatoxin B1 in rats
Authors: Hernandez‐Mendoza Adrián , González‐Córdova Aarón Fernando , Vallejo‐Cordoba Belinda , Garcia Hugo Sergio 
Published: February 2011

AbstractThe goals of this work were to assess the ability of Lactobacillus reuteri to bind aflatoxin B1 in the intestinal tract and determine its effect on intestinal absorption of the toxin dispensed in either single or multiple doses in a murine model. Male Wistar rats were used, and two experiments were conducted after bacteria were implanted. Experiment one involved a single‐oral dose of toxin, and the subsequent flow cytometric analysis of bacteria isolated from the small intestine and treated with specific FITC‐labeled AFB1 antibodies. The second experiment was carried out supplying the toxin in 7 oral sub‐doses, and the later quantification of AFB1‐Lys adducts in blood samples by ELISA assay. The results demonstrated that L. reuteri was able to bind AFB1 in the intestinal tract, mostly in the duodenum. Furthermore, the AFB1‐Lys adducts were present at significantly lower levels in those animals receiving AFB1 plus bacteria than in those receiving only AFB1. Our findings confirm that probiotic bacteria could act as biological barriers in normal intestinal conditions thereby reducing the bioavailability of AFB1 ingested orally in a single or multiple doses, thus avoiding its toxic effects. (© 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
The GAL genetic switch: visualisation of the interacting proteins by split‐EGFP bimolecular fluorescence complementation
Authors: Barnard Emma , Timson David J. 
Published: February 2011

AbstractA split‐EGFP bimolecular fluorescence complementation assay was used to visualise and locate three interacting pairs of proteins from the GAL genetic switch of the budding yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Both the Gal4p‐Gal80p and Gal80p‐Gal3p pairs were found to be located in the nucleus under inducing conditions. However, the Gal80p‐Gal1p complex was located throughout the cell. These results support recent work establishing an initial interaction between Gal3p and Gal80p occurring in the nucleus. Labelling of all three protein pairs impaired the growth of the yeast strains and resulted in reduced galactokinase activity in cell extracts. The most likely cause of this impairment is decreased dissociation rates of the complexes, caused by the essentially irreversible reassembly of the EGFP fragments. This suggests that a fully functional GAL genetic switch requires dynamic interactions between the protein components. These results also highlight the need for caution in the interpretation of in vivo split‐EGFP experiments. (© 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Isolation, characterization and identification of a Paracoccus sp. 2‐haloacid‐degrading bacterium from the marine sponge Hymeniacidon perlevis
Authors: Huang Jianyu , Xin Yanjuan , Zhang Wei 
Published: February 2011

AbstractA 2‐haloacid dehalogenase‐producing bacterium, designated DEH99, was isolated from the marine sponge Hymeniacidon perlevis using a modified enrichment medium and a pH indicator method. DEH99 could degrade only half of the racemic mixture 2‐chloropropionic acid (2‐CPA) in the medium. The dehalogenase of DEH99 was further determined to be a (S)‐2‐haloacid dehalogenase, which can degrade 2‐CPA, 2‐bromopropionic acid (2‐BPA), and iodoacetic acid. The gene encoding the (S)‐2‐haloacid dehalogenase was partially sequenced and classified into the Group II family. The 2‐haloacid dehalogenase showed the highest sequence similarity (77% with 21% query coverage) to the haloacid dehalogenase (dhlB) gene of Xanthobacter autotrophicus. A phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rDNA sequence demonstrated that the isolate DEH99 is a member of the genus Paracoccus. To our knowledge, this is the first report detailing the isolation of a strain of genus Paracoccus having 2‐haloacid dehalogenase activity from marine sponges. (© 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Isolation and characterization of a novel thermostable lectin from the wild edible mushroom Agaricus arvensis
Authors: Zhao J. K. , Zhao Y. C. , Li S. H. , Wang H. X. , Ng T. B. 
Published: February 2011

AbstractA thermostable novel lectin with a molecular weight of 30.4 kDa was isolated from dried fruiting bodies of Agaricus arvensis. It was a dimer made up of two 15.2 kDa subunits. The lectin was unadsorbed on DEAE‐cellulose in 10 mM phosphate buffer (pH 7.5), subsequently adsorbed on CM‐cellulose in 10 mM NaAc buffer (pH 4.6) and then on SP‐Sepharose in 10 mM NaAc buffer (pH 4.6), and finally purified by fast protein liquid chromatography‐gel filtration on Superdex 75. The hemagglutinating activity of the lectin was stable at temperatures up to 90 °C. The activity was preserved in concentrations of NaOH solution up to 50 mM, but was sensitive to HCl and declined to 12.5% in 12.5 mM HCl. The activity was unaffected by Ca2+, Mn2+, Zn2+and Mg2+ ions, but was activated by Al3+ and Fe3+ ions. Among the carbohydrates tested, only inulin could inhibit the hemagglutinating activity of the lectin. It did not exhibit anti‐HIV reverse transcriptase activity. Proliferation of HepG2 and MCF7 tumor cells was inhibited by the lectin with an IC50of 1.64 and 0.82 μM, respectively. The lectin was devoid of antifungal activity. The lectin has a remarkable thermostablity and a unique N‐terminal amino acid sequence, TYAVLNFVYG. The present report is the first report on a lectin from wild mushroom Agaricus arvensis. (© 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
The paf gene product modulates asexual development in Penicillium chrysogenum
Authors: Hegedüs Nikoletta , Sigl Claudia , Zadra Ivo , Pócsi Istvan , Marx Florentine 
Published: February 2011

AbstractPenicillium chrysogenum secretes a low molecular weight, cationic and cysteine‐rich protein (PAF). It has growth inhibitory activity against the model organism Aspergillus nidulans and numerous zoo‐ and phytopathogenic fungi but shows only minimal conditional antifungal activity against the producing organism itself.In this study we provide evidence for an additional function of PAF which is distinct from the antifungal activity against putative ecologically concurrent microorganisms. Our data indicate that PAF enhances conidiation in P. chrysogenum by modulating the expression of brlA, the central regulatory gene for mitospore development. A paf deletion strain showed a significant impairment of mitospore formation which sustains our hypothesis that PAF plays an important role in balancing asexual differentiation in P. chrysogenum. (© 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Selective removal of human DNA from metagenomic DNA samples extracted from dental plaque
Authors: Hunter Stephanie J. , Easton Samantha , Booth Veronica , Henderson Brian , Wade William G. , Ward John M. 
Published: February 2011

AbstractMetagenomic techniques are used to analyse bacterial communities allowing both culturable and unculturable species to be represented. However, the screening of oral metagenomic samples can be hindered by high animal host DNA content. This study evaluated methods for the reduction of human DNA concentrations within oral metagenomic samples.Plaque samples were collected from 27 patients presenting with periodontal disease and treated to remove human DNA using either selective lysis of eukaryotic cells at several buffer concentrations or differential centrifugation after treatment with trypsin and/or detergents. Human and bacterial DNA levels were determined by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR).The human DNA content of plaque extracts was significantly reduced by all treatments compared with an untreated control (P < 0.05). However, differential centrifugation simultaneously reduced the bacterial DNA content unless samples were pretreated with a detergent. Observations of Gram stained samples that were processed using differential centrifugation without detergent suggest that many bacteria remain adhered to human cells. An approach that uses differential centrifugation in parallel with selective lysis is recommended to fully represent the oral microbiota in metagenomic samples, including those tightly adhered to human cells and more delicate bacteria such as Mycoplasma. (© 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Wheat gluten‐based materials plasticised with glycerol and water by thermoplastic mixing and thermomoulding
Authors: Zárate‐Ramírez Lidia S , Martínez Inmaculada , Romero Alberto , Partal Pedro , Guerrero Antonio 
Published: February 2011

AbstractBACKGROUND: Gluten has been investigated as a source for biodegradable polymeric materials because it is a renewable, available and low‐cost raw material. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of some variables involved in the two stages of protein/plasticiser thermo‐mechanical processing, where a mixture of glycerol and water was used as the plasticiser.RESULTS: Gluten/glycerol/water blends mixed under different thermal conditions (adiabatic starting at 25 °C and isothermal at 60 and 90 °C) exhibited shear thinning capillary flow behaviour, where a marked increase in flow properties was obtained at the highest temperature. Two thermal events, glass transitions related to the plasticiser blend and gluten, were detected by Modulated Differential Scanning Calorimetry (MDSC) and Dynamic Mechanical Analysis (DMA) tests. Moderate moulding temperature led to less resistant materials showing higher ductility, whereas higher mixing and moulding temperatures led to bioplastics with higher mechanical properties.CONCLUSION: A moulding temperature of 130 °C (close to the denaturation temperature) was found to be suitable for the thermomoulding process. In addition, the use of moderate mixing temperature seems to be convenient for those applications that required materials exhibiting high water absorption behaviour and suitable mechanical properties. Protein extractability results reflect the benefits of combining high shear and high temperature during processing to improve cross‐linking reactions. Copyright © 2010 Society of Chemical Industry
The impact of 3d virtual haptics in marketing
Authors: Jin Seung‐A Annie 
Published: February 2011

AbstractTactile input plays a key role in consumers' evaluation of products' substance properties. Utilization of haptic interfaces and force feedback devices that enable consumers to feel and manipulate three‐dimensional (3D) virtual products is a promising but under‐explored area in marketing and consumer behavior research. This study investigated 3D virtual touch created by Novint Falcon haptic interfaces and its impacts on consumer behavior in the interactive marketing of automobiles. It was hypothesized that consumers' instrumental Need for Touch (NFT) plays a significant moderating role in haptic interfaces. Results from a 2 (nature of tactile stimuli: haptic input with force feedback versus no force feedback) × 2 (haptic orientation: high NFT versus low NFT) full factorial between‐subjects experiment indicated that consumers high in instrumental NFT evaluate products more positively, enjoy the test‐driving experience more, and show stronger brand–self connection when there are force feedback haptic stimuli as opposed to when there is no force feedback. Theoretical and managerial implications of the study are discussed. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
To touch or not to touch; that is the question. Should consumers always be encouraged to touch products, and does it always alter product perception?
Authors: Marlow Nigel , Jansson‐Boyd Cathrine V. 
Published: February 2011

AbstractIt has previously been suggested that consumers' product evaluations are positively affected by tactile interaction. However, it is not known if it is applicable to products that people usually touch for brief periods of time. This study sets out to explore whether it is possible to influence consumers' tactile perception of fast‐moving consumer goods by altering the surface texture. In this study individual tactile sensing and visual appreciation were compared with the combined visual and tactile sensing of surface textures for two types of products (soap and biscuits). Three types of textures on the outside of either a soap or biscuit box and three separate sample swatches of the textures used on the boxes were used in the study. The three soap or biscuit boxes were visually presented to the participants. This was followed by a blind haptic evaluation of the three textures, and then by a combined visual and tactile evaluation of three differently textured boxes (either soap or biscuit boxes). The results suggest that a consumer's perception of the packaging of fast‐moving consumer goods is affected more by vision than by touch, which raises some questions with regard to when marketers should encourage consumers to engage in extensive tactile interaction prior to purchase. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.