bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Microglial zinc uptake via zinc transporters induces ATP release and the activation of microglia
Authors: Higashi Youichirou , Segawa Shohei , Matsuo Takaaki , Nakamura Shogo , Kikkawa Yukiko , Nishida Kentaro , Nagasawa Kazuki 
Published: September 2011

AbstractPreviously, we demonstrated that extracellular zinc plays a key role in transient global ischemia‐induced microglial activation through sequential activation of NADPH oxidase and poly(ADP‐ribose) polymerase (PARP)‐1. However, it remains unclear how zinc causes the sequential activation of microglia. Here, we examined whether transporter‐mediated zinc uptake is necessary for microglial activation. Administration of zinc to microglia activated them through reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and poly(ADP‐ribose) (PAR) formation, which were suppressed by intracellular zinc chelation with 25 μM TPEN (N,N,N′,N′‐tetrakis(2‐pyridylmethyl)ethylenediamine) or 2 μM BAPTA‐AM (1,2‐bis(2‐aminophenoxy)ethane‐N,N,N′,N′‐tetraacetic acid‐acetoxymethyl ester). The 65Zn uptake by microglia was temperature‐ and dose‐dependent, and it was blocked by metal cations, but not by L‐type calcium channel blockers nifedipine and nimodipine. Expression of Zrt‐Irt‐like protein (ZIP)1, a plasma membrane‐type zinc transporter, was detected in microglia, and nickel, a relatively sensitive substrate/inhibitor of ZIP1, showed cis‐ and trans‐inhibitory effects on the 65Zn uptake. Exposure of microglia to zinc increased the extracellular ATP concentration, which was suppressed by intracellular zinc chelation and inhibition of hemichannels. mRNA expression of several types of P2 receptors was detected in microglia, and periodate‐oxidized ATP, a selective P2×7 receptor antagonist, attenuated the zinc‐induced microglial activation via NADPH oxidase and PARP‐1. Exogenous ATP and 2′(3′)‐O‐(4‐benzoyl‐benzoyl) ATP also caused microglial activation through ROS generation and PAR formation. These findings demonstrate that ZIP1‐mediated uptake of zinc induces ATP release and autocrine/paracrine activation of P2X(7) receptors, and then activates microglia, suggesting that zinc transporter‐mediated uptake of zinc is a trigger for microglial activation via the NADPH oxidase and PARP‐1 pathway. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Multivariate patterns of brain–cognition associations relating to vulnerability and clinical outcome in the at‐risk mental states for psychosis
Authors: Koutsouleris Nikolaos , Gaser Christian , Patschurek‐Kliche Katja , Scheuerecker Johanna , Bottlender Ronald , Decker Petra , Schmitt Gisela , Reiser Maximilian , Möller Hans‐Jürgen , Meisenzahl Eva M. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractBackground: Neuropsychological deficits are a core feature of established psychosis and have been previously linked to fronto‐temporo‐limbic brain alterations. Both neurocognitive and neuroanatomical abnormalities characterize clinical at‐risk mental states (ARMS) for psychosis. However, structure–cognition relationships in the ARMS have not been directly explored using multivariate neuroimaging techniques. Methods: Voxel‐based morphometry and partial least squares were employed to study system‐level covariance patterns between whole‐brain morphological data and processing speed, working memory, verbal learning/IQ, and executive functions in 40 ARMS subjects and 30 healthy controls (HC). The detected structure–cognition covariance patterns were tested for significance and reliability using non‐parametric permutation and bootstrap resampling. Results: We identified ARMS‐specific covariance patterns that described a generalized association of neurocognitive measures with predominantly prefronto‐temporo‐limbic and subcortical structures as well as the interconnecting white matter. In the conversion group, this generalized profile particularly involved working memory and verbal IQ and was positively correlated with limbic, insular and subcortical volumes as well as negatively related to prefrontal, temporal, parietal, and occipital cortices. Conversely, the neurocognitive profiles in the HC group were confined to working memory, learning and IQ, which were diffusely associated with cortical and subcortical brain regions. Conclusions: These findings suggest that the ARMS and prodromal phase of psychosis are characterized by a convergent mapping from multi‐domain neurocognitive measures to a set of prefronto‐temporo‐limbic and subcortical structures. Furthermore, a neuroanatomical separation between positive and negative brain–cognition correlations may not only point to a biological process determining the clinical risk for disease transition, but also to possible compensatory or dysmaturational neural processes. Hum Brain Mapp 33:2104–2124, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Optimizing the performance of local canonical correlation analysis in fMRI using spatial constraints
Authors: Cordes Dietmar , Jin Mingwu , Curran Tim , Nandy Rajesh 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThe benefits of locally adaptive statistical methods for fMRI research have been shown in recent years, as these methods are more proficient in detecting brain activations in a noisy environment. One such method is local canonical correlation analysis (CCA), which investigates a group of neighboring voxels instead of looking at the single voxel time course. The value of a suitable test statistic is used as a measure of activation. It is customary to assign the value to the center voxel for convenience. The method without constraints is prone to artifacts, especially in a region of localized strong activation. To compensate for these deficiencies, the impact of different spatial constraints in CCA on sensitivity and specificity are investigated. The ability of constrained CCA (cCCA) to detect activation patterns in an episodic memory task has been studied. This research shows how any arbitrary contrast of interest can be analyzed by cCCA and how accurate P‐values optimized for the contrast of interest can be computed using nonparametric methods. Results indicate an increase of up to 20% in detecting activation patterns for some of the advanced cCCA methods, as measured by ROC curves derived from simulated and real fMRI data. Hum Brain Mapp, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Concurrent chemoradiotherapy for locoregionally advanced salivary gland malignancies
Authors: Rosenberg Lewis , Weissler Mark , Hayes D. Neil , Shockley William , Zanation Adam , Rosenman Julian , Chera Bhishamjit 
Published: September 2011

AbstractBackgroundLocoregionally advanced salivary gland malignancies have a poor prognosis despite aggressive therapy. Herein we report our experience in treating high‐risk salivary gland malignancies with concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CRT).MethodsMedical records of 15 patients with salivary gland malignancies treated with CRT at our institution between 1997 and 2010 were analyzed.ResultsAll patients had high‐risk characteristics: 80% were stage IV, 54% were ≥N2, and 47% were unresectable and were treated with definitive CRT. At 2 years, overall survival (OS) was 67%, disease‐free survival (DFS) was 44%, and local control was 76%. There were no treatment‐related deaths, and patients experienced expected acute side effects.ConclusionCRT for salivary gland malignancies has acceptable toxicity, CRT is proven beneficial for many other cancers, and some salivary gland malignancies are clinically responsive to chemotherapy. CRT, therefore, should be considered for treatment of high‐risk salivary gland malignancies. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2011
Precipitable water conversion rates over the Qinghai‐Xizang (Tibet) Plateau: changing characteristics with global warming
Authors: Wang Chenghai , Guo Yipeng 
Published: September 2011

AbstractIn this article, the trends and variability of precipitation and precipitable water (PW) over the Qinghai‐Xizang (Tibet) Plateau (QXP) (1970–2009) were analysed by using ERA‐40 (The European Center for Medium‐Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) 40 years Re‐analysis) and NCEP (The National Centers for Environmental Prediction)/NCAR reanalyses data and the ground observed precipitation data from 60 sites. The results showed that the precipitation over the QXP had an overall increasing trend; however, a slight decreasing trend was observed over the southeast. This decreasing precipitation trend might be related to the South Asia monsoon degradation. Since 1970, a decreasing PW trend has occurred over the QXP in which the southeast is the most significant region. Because of the rising temperatures in the QXP, a remarkable PW conversion rate (PWCR) increase of 0.87% per decade has occurred over the past 40 years. Because of its steep terrain, the PWCR in the middle eastern region of the QXP increased faster than that of the other regions. The mean PWCR in the wet southern region of the QXP was higher than that of the dry northern region, which was higher in the winter than that in the summer. Although much precipitation occurred in the summer, in the wet regions, the PWCR was higher in the winter than in the summer. The PWCR peak in the wet and dry regions occurred during the precipitation‐short and precipitation‐sufficient seasons, respectively. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Recharge estimation using remotely sensed evapotranspiration in an irrigated catchment in southeast Australia
Authors: Githui F. , Selle B. , Thayalakumaran T. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractReliable estimates of groundwater recharge are required for the sustainable management of surface and ground water resources in semi‐arid regions particularly in irrigated regions. In this study, groundwater recharge was estimated for an irrigated catchment in southeast Australia using a semi‐distributed hydrological model (SWAT). The model was calibrated under the dry climatic conditions for the period from August 2002 to July 2003 using flow and remotely sensed evapotranspiration (ET). The model was able to simulate observed monthly drain flow and spatially distributed remotely sensed ET. Recharge tended to be higher for irrigated land covers, such as perennial pasture, than for non‐irrigated land. On average, the estimated annual catchment recharge ranged between 147 and 289 mm which represented about 40% of the total rainfall and irrigation inputs. The optimized soil parameters indirectly reflected flow bypassing the soil matrix that could be responsible for this substantial amount of recharge. Overall, the estimated recharge was much more than that previously estimated for the wetter years. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Inhibition of Wnt signaling by cucurbitacin B in breast cancer cells: Reduction of Wnt‐associated proteins and reduced translocation of galectin‐3‐mediated β‐catenin to the nucleus
Authors: Dakeng Sumana , Duangmano Suwit , Jiratchariyakul Weena , U‐Pratya Yaowalak , Bögler Oliver , Patmasiriwat Pimpicha 
Published: August 2011

AbstractThe cucurbitacins are tetracyclic triterpenes found in plants of the family Cucurbitaceae. Cucurbitacins have been shown to have anti‐cancer and anti‐inflamatory activities. We investigated the anti‐cancer activity of cucurbitacin B extracted from Thai medicinal plant Trichosanthes cucumerina Linn. Cell viability was assessed by MTT (3‐(4,5‐dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl)‐2,5‐diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay. Results indicated that cucurbitacin B from T. cucumerina Linn. has a cytotoxic effect on breast cancer cell lines SKBR‐3 and MCF‐7 with an IC50 of 4.60 and 88.75 µg/ml, respectively. Growth inhibition was attributed to G2/M phase arrest and apoptosis. Cyclin D1, c‐Myc, and β‐catenin expression levels were reduced. Western blot analysis showed increased PARP cleavage and decreased Wnt‐associated signaling molecules β‐catenin, galectin‐3, cyclin D1 and c‐Myc, and corresponding changes in phosphorylated GSK‐3β levels. Cucurbitacin B treatment inhibited translocation to the nucleus of β‐catenin and galectin‐3. The depletion of β‐catenin and galectin‐3 in the nucleus was confirmed by cellular protein fractionation. T‐cell factor (TCF)/lymphoid enhancer factor (LEF)‐dependent transcriptional activity was disrupted in cucurbitacin B treated cells as tested by a TCF reporter assay. The relative luciferase activity was reduced when we treated cells with cucurbitacin B compound for 24 h. Our data suggest that cucurbitacin B may in part induce apoptosis and exert growth inhibitory effect via interruption the Wnt signaling. J. Cell. Biochem. 113: 49–60, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The basic helix loop helix transcription factor twist1 is a novel regulator of ATF4 in osteoblasts
Authors: Danciu Theodora E. , Li Yan , Koh Amy , Xiao Guozhi , McCauley Laurie K. , Franceschi Renny T. 
Published: August 2011

AbstractParathyroid hormone (PTH) is an essential regulator of endochondral bone formation and an important anabolic agent for the reversal of bone loss. PTH mediates its functions in part by regulating binding of the bone‐related activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4) to the osteoblast‐specific gene, osteocalcin. The basic helix‐loop‐helix (bHLH) factors Twist1 and Twist2 also regulate osteocalcin transcription in part through the interaction of the C‐terminal “box” domain in these factors and Runx2. In this study, we discovered a novel function of PTH: its ability to dramatically decrease Twist1 transcription. Since ATF4 is a major regulator of the PTH response in osteoblasts, we assessed the mutual regulation between these factors and determined that Twist proteins and ATF4 physically interact in a manner that affects ATF4 DNA binding function. We mapped the interaction domain of Twist proteins to the C‐terminal “box” domain and of ATF4, to the N‐terminus. Furthermore, we demonstrate that Twist1 overexpression in osteoblasts attenuates ATF4 binding to the osteocalcin promoter in response to PTH. This study thus identifies Twist proteins as novel inhibitory binding partners of ATF4 and explores the functional significance of this interaction. J. Cell. Biochem. 113: 70–79, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Decreased bone mineral density and reduced bone quality in H+/K+ATPase beta‐subunit deficient mice
Authors: Fossmark Reidar , Stunes Astrid K. , Petzold Christiane , Waldum Helge L. , Rubert Marina , Lian Aina‐Mari , Reseland Janne E. , Syversen Unni 
Published: September 2011

AbstractProton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are widely used against gastroesophageal reflux disease. Recent epidemiological studies suggest that PPI users have an increased risk of fractures, but a causal relationship has been questioned. We have therefore investigated the skeletal phenotype in H+/K+ATPase beta‐subunit knockout (KO) female mice. Skeletal parameters were determined in 6‐ and 20‐month‐old KO mice and in wild‐type controls (WT). Whole body bone mineral density (BMD) and bone mineral content (BMC) were measured by dual energy X‐ray absorptiometry (DXA). Femurs were examined with µCT analyses and break force were examined by a three‐point bending test. Plasma levels of gastrin, RANKL, OPG, osteocalcin, leptin, and PTH were analyzed. KO mice had lower whole body BMC at 6 months (0.53 vs. 0.59 g, P = 0.035) and at 20 months (0.49 vs. 0.74 g, P < 0.01) compared to WT as well as lower BMD at 6 months (0.068 vs. 0.072 g/cm2, P = 0.026) and 20 months (0.067 vs. 0.077 g/cm2, P < 0.01). Mechanical strength was lower in KO mice at the age of 20 months (6.7 vs. 17.9 N, P < 0.01). Cortical thickness at 20 months and trabecular bone volume% at 6 months were significantly reduced in KO mice. Plasma OPG/RANKL ratio and PTH was increased in KO mice compared to controls. H+/K+ATPase beta subunit KO mice had decreased BMC and BMD, reduced cortical thickness and inferior mechanical bone strength. Whereas the mechanism is uncertain, these findings suggest a causal relationship between long‐term PPI use and an increased risk of fractures. J. Cell. Biochem. 113: 141–147, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Facilitation of human osteoblast apoptosis by sulindac and indomethacin under hypoxic injury
Authors: Liu Cheng , Tsai An‐Ly , Chen Yen‐Chu , Fan Shih‐Chen , Huang Chun‐Hsien , Wu Chia‐Ching , Chang Chih‐Han 
Published: September 2011

AbstractHypoxic–ischemia injury occurs after trauma causes consequential bone necrosis. Non‐steroid anti‐inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are frequently used in orthopedic clinics for pain relief. However, the underlying mechanism and outcome for usage of NSAIDs is poorly understood. To investigate the damage and loss of osteoblast function in hypoxia, two hypoxia mimetics, cobalt chloride (CoCl2) and desferrioxamine (DFO), were used to create an in vitro hypoxic microenvironment. The cell damage was observed by decreases of cell viability and increases in cyclooxygenase‐2 and cleaved poly(ADP‐ribose) polymerase (PARP). Cell apoptosis was confirmed by WST‐1 cytotoxic assays and flow cytometry. The functional expression of osteoblast in alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity was significantly decreased by CoCl2 and inhibited when treated with DFO. To simulate the use of NSAID after hypoxic injury, four types of anti‐inflammatory drugs, sulindac sulfide (SUL), indomethacin (IND), aspirin (Asp), and sodium salicylate (NaS), were applied to osteoblasts after 1 h of hypoxia mimetic treatment. SUL and IND further enhanced cell death after hypoxia. ALP activity was totally abolished in hypoxic osteoblasts under IND treatment. Facilitation of osteoblast apoptosis occurred regardless of IND dosage under hypoxic conditions. To investigate osteoblast in vivo, local hypoxia was created by fracture of tibia and then treated the injured mice with IND by oral feeding. IND‐induced osteoblast apoptosis was confirmed by positive staining of TUNEL assay in fractured mice. Significant delay of fracture healing in bone tissue was also observed with the treatment of IND. These results provide information pertaining to choosing appropriate anti‐inflammatory drugs for orthopedic patients. J. Cell. Biochem. 113: 148–155, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
New insights in quantum chemical topology studies using numerical grid‐based analyses
Authors: Kozlowski David , Pilmé Julien 
Published: September 2011

AbstractNew insights in Quantum Chemical Topology of one‐electron density functions have been proposed here by using a recent grid‐based algorithm (Tang et al., J Phys Condens Matter 2009, 21, 084204), initially designed for the decomposition of the electron density. Beyond the charge analysis, we show that this algorithm is suitable for different scalar functions showing a more complex topology, that is, the Laplacian of the electron density, the electron localization function (ELF), and the molecular electrostatic potential (MEP). This algorithm makes use of a robust methodology enabling to numerically assign the data points of three‐dimensional grids to basin volumes, and it has the advantage of requiring only the values of the scalar function without details on the wave function used to build the grid. Our implementation is briefly outlined (program named TopChem), its capabilities are examined, and technical aspects in terms of CPU requirement and accuracy of the results are discussed. Illustrative examples for individual molecules and crystalline solids obtained with gaussian and plane‐wave‐based density functional theory calculations are presented. Special attention was given to the MEP because its topological analysis is complex and scarce. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Chem, 2011
Prenatal sonographic features of dyssegmental dysplasia Rolland‐Desbuquois type
Authors: Wax Joseph R. , Albanese Julie , Smith Rosemarie , Pinette Michael G. , Chard Renee , Cartin Angelina 
Published: September 2011

AbstractDyssegmental dysplasia is a rare, lethal, autosomal‐recessive disorder characterized by severe camptomicromelia and anisospondyly. We describe the prenatal sonographic findings in an index case of the Rolland‐Desbuquois type, with the diagnosis made by neonatal skeletal survey. Recognition of the unique vertebral disorganization may be used to prenatally distinguish dyssegmental dysplasia from other severe short‐limbed conditions. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound, 2011;
Synthesis of some new bipyridines, thieno[2,3‐b]pyridines, and pyrazolo[3,4‐b]pyridines
Authors: Mohamed Mahmoud A. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractCyclocondensation of cyanoacetamide and cyanothioacetamide with sodium salt of 3‐hydroxy‐1‐(pyridin‐3‐yl)prop‐2‐en‐1‐one gave 6‐oxo‐[2,3′]bipyridine 5a and 6‐thioxo‐[2,3′]bipyridine 5b derivatives, respectively. Compound 5b upon treatment with different methylenes 8 gave thieno[2,3‐b]pyridines 10. Treatment of 5b with iodomethane gave bipyridine derivative 7, which cyclocondensed with hydrazines 11 to give pyrazolo[3,4‐b]pyridines 13. J. Heterocyclic Chem., (2012).
Molecular epidemiology of enteric viruses in children with sporadic gastroenteritis in Valencia, Venezuela
Authors: González Germán G. , Liprandi Ferdinando , Ludert Juan E. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThe epidemiology and clinical symptoms in infants and young children with acute sporadic viral gastroenteritis due to viral etiologies other than rotaviruses have not been studied thoroughly in developing countries. Fecal specimens from 480 children <5 years of age who were admitted to a large children's hospital in the city of Valencia, Venezuela, with acute diarrhea during January to December 2003 were collected and screened by ELISA and RT‐PCR for rotavirus, adenovirus, norovirus, sapovirus, and astrovirus. Viral isolates were partially characterized by phylogenetic analysis. Norovirus viral load was determined by qRT‐PCR. Viruses were identified in 205 (43%) of the 480 stool samples collected. Rotavirus was the virus detected most frequently (21%), followed by norovirus (13%), adenovirus (5%), sapovirus (3%), and astrovirus (2%). Viral infection rates were highest in the 6‐ to 11‐month‐old group (49%) and lowest in children >24 months old. Norovirus GII was more prevalent (90%) than GI (10%). Enteric adenovirus (serotypes 40/41) was present in 43% of the adenovirus‐positive samples. Rotavirus infection caused more severe clinical symptoms than the other viruses detected, with more vomiting (84%) and dehydration (11%) that led to hospital admission of 20% of the children with acute gastroenteritis. Rotavirus and norovirus showed marked and opposite seasonal patterns. No association was observed between disease severity and viral load in children infected with norovirus. These results not only confirm the impact of rotavirus infection in Venezuela but also indicate that other enteric viruses, especially noroviruses, contribute significantly to sporadic acute gastroenteritis and to the burden of disease. J. Med. Virol. 83:1972–1982, 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.