bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
18F‐FDG‐PET/CT versus panendoscopy for the detection of synchronous second primary tumors in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Haerle Stephan K. , Strobel Klaus , Hany Thomas F. , Sidler Daniel , Stoeckli Sandro J. 
Published: July 2009

AbstractBackground.This study assesses the additional value of 18F‐fluoro‐2‐deoxy‐D‐glucose positron emission tomography/CT (18F‐FDG‐PET/CT) with respect to synchronous primaries in patients undergoing panendoscopy for staging of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.Methods.In all, 311 patients underwent both modalities. Cytology, histology, and/or clinical/imaging follow‐up served as reference standard.Results.The prevalence of second primary tumors detected by panendoscopy was 4.5%, compared with 6.1% detected by 18F‐FDG‐PET/CT. The sensitivity for panendoscopy was 74%, the specificity was 99.7%, the positive predictive value (PPV) was 93%, and the negative predictive value (NPV) was 98%. The sensitivity for 18F‐FDG‐PET/CT was 100%, the specificity was 95.7%, the PPV was 59%, and the NPV was 100%.Conclusions.18F‐FDG‐PET/CT is superior to panendoscopy. With a negative 18F‐FDG‐PET/CT, the extent of endoscopy can be reduced to the area of the primary tumor. Due to the costs, 18F‐FDG‐PET/CT is recommended only in advanced disease to assess potential distant disease. In early‐stage cancer, panendoscopy is accurate enough to rule out secondary tumors. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2010
Ex vivo gene therapy using autologous dermal fibroblasts expressing hLMP3 for rat mandibular bone regeneration
Authors: Parrilla Claudio , Lattanzi Wanda , Rita Fetoni Anna , Bussu Francesco , Pola Enrico , Paludetti Gaetano 
Published: July 2009

AbstractBackground.Implantation of autologous skin fibroblasts transduced ex vivo with a replication‐defective adenoviral vector, carrying the LIM mineralization protein‐3 (Ad‐LMP‐3), and adsorbed on a hydroxyapatite/collagen (HA/COL) scaffold.Methods.Twenty‐seven Wistar rats were used. A 5‐ × 5‐mm full‐thickness defect was created in the exposed mandible. All animals were randomized into 3 experimental groups: (1) autologous dermal fibroblasts transduced with Ad‐LMP‐3 and adsorbed on the HA/COL; (2) nontransduced dermal fibroblasts adsorbed on the HA/COL scaffold; and (3) HA/COL scaffold without cells. Three‐dimensional micro‐CT (3DmicroCT or 3DμCT) and histological analysis were performed.Results.Efficient neoosteogenesis was observed in animals treated with LMP‐3–expressing cells (group 1) as soon as 4 weeks after surgery. Conversely, nonsignificant bone formation was detected in control animals (groups 2 and 3) at all time points tested.Conclusion.These results suggest that the experimental approach based on transplantation of genetically modified autologous cells could provide an alternative treatment for cranio‐maxillo‐facial defects. Nonetheless, additional data from the study on larger bone defects must follow to foresee a clinical application in the near future. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2010
Down‐regulation of BiP/GRP78 sensitizes resistant prostate cancer cells to gene‐therapeutic overexpression of REIC/Dkk‐3
Authors: Tanimoto Ryuta , Sakaguchi Masakiyo , Abarzua Fernando , Kataoka Ken , Kurose Kaoru , Murata Hitoshi , Nasu Yasutomo , Kumon Hiromi , Huh Nam‐Ho 
Published: July 2009

AbstractWe have recently shown that an adenovirus carrying REIC/Dkk‐3 (Ad‐REIC) exhibits a potent tumor‐specific cell‐killing function for various human cancers. It has also become evident that some human cancers are resistant to Ad‐REIC‐induced apoptosis. The aim of the present study was to determine the molecular mechanisms of resistance to Ad‐REIC. First, we isolated resistant clones from a human prostate cancer cell line, PC3, after repeated exposure to Ad‐REIC. Infection efficiency of the adenovirus vector and expression level of REIC/Dkk‐3 in the resistant clones were similar to those in the parental PC3 cells. By screening for alteration in levels and functional status of proteins involved in Ad‐REIC‐induced apoptosis, we found that BiP/GRP78, an ER‐residing chaperone protein, was expressed at higher levels consistently among resistant cells. Expression levels of BiP and rates of apoptosis induced by Ad‐REIC were inversely correlated. Down‐regulation of BiP with siRNA sensitized the resistant cells to Ad‐REIC in vivo as well as in culture. These results indicate that BiP is a major determinant of resistance to Ad‐REIC‐induced apoptosis. Thus BiP is useful for diagnosis of inherent and acquired resistance of cancers and also as a target molecule to overcome resistance to the gene therapeutic Ad‐REIC.
Prevalence and risk factors of human papillomavirus infection by penile site in uncircumcised Kenyan men
Authors: Smith Jennifer S. , Backes Danielle M. , Hudgens Michael G. , Bailey Robert C. , Veronesi Giovanni , Bogaarts Martijn , Agot Kawango , Ndinya‐Achola J.O. , Maclean Ian , Agingu Walter , Meijer Chris J.L.M. , Moses Stephen , Snijders Peter J.F. 
Published: July 2009

AbstractHuman papillomavirus (HPV) prevalence was estimated from 2,705 sexually active, uncircumcised, human immunodeficiency virus seronegative men aged 17–28 years in Kisumu, Kenya. HPV prevalence was 51.1% (95% confidence interval: 49.2–53.0%) in penile cells from the glans/coronal sulcus and/or shaft. HPV prevalence varied by anatomical site, with 46.5% positivity in the glans/coronal sulcus compared with 19.1% in the shaft (p < 0.0001). High‐risk HPV was detected in 31.2% of glans and 12.3% of shaft samples (p < 0.0001). HPV16 was the most common type and 29.2% of men were infected with more than one HPV type. Risk factors for HPV infection included presence of C. trachomatis, N. gonorrhea, self‐reported sexually transmitted infections, and less frequent bathing. Lifetime number of sexual partners and herpes simplex virus type‐2 seropositivity were also marginally associated with HPV infection.
Elevated lung cancer risk is associated with deficiencies in cell cycle checkpoints: genotype and phenotype analyses from a case‐control study
Authors: Zheng Yun‐Ling , Kosti Ourania , Loffredo Christopher A. , Bowman Elise , Mechanic Leah , Perlmutter Donna , Jones Raymond , Shields Peter G. , Harris Curtis C. 
Published: July 2009

AbstractCell cycle checkpoints play critical roles in the maintenance of genomic integrity and inactivation of checkpoint genes are frequently perturbed in most cancers. In a case‐control study of 299 non‐small cell lung cancer cases and 550 controls in Baltimore, we investigated the association between γ‐radiation‐induced G2/M arrest in cultured blood lymphocytes and lung cancer risk, and examined genotype‐phenotype correlations between genetic polymorphisms of 20 genes involving in DNA repair and cell cycle control and γ‐radiation‐induced G2/M arrest. The study was specifically designed to examine race and gender differences in risk factors. Our data indicated that a less efficient DNA damage‐induced G2/M checkpoint was associated with an increased risk of lung cancer in African American women with an adjusted odds ratio (OR) of 2.63 (95% CI = 1.01–7.26); there were no statistically significant associations for Caucasians, or African American men. When the African American women were categorized into quartiles, a significant reverse trend of decreased G2/M checkpoint function and increased lung cancer risk was present, with lowest‐vs.‐highest quartile OR of 13.72 (95% CI = 2.30–81.92, ptrend < 0.01). Genotype‐phenotype correlation analysis indicated that polymorphisms in ATM, CDC25C, CDKN1A, BRCA2, ERCC6, TP53, and TP53BP1 genes were significantly associated with the γ‐radiation‐induced G2/M arrest phenotype. This study provides evidence that a less efficient G2/M checkpoint is significantly associated with lung cancer risk in African American women. The data also suggested that the function of G2/M checkpoint is modulated by genetic polymorphisms in genes involved in DNA repair and cell cycle control.
Polymorphisms in TNF and HSP‐70 show a significant association with gastric cancer and duodenal ulcer
Authors: Partida‐Rodríguez Oswaldo , Torres Javier , Flores‐Luna Lourdes , Camorlinga Margarita , Nieves‐Ramírez Miriam , Lazcano Eduardo , Perez‐Rodríguez Martha 
Published: July 2009

AbstractTumour Necrosis Factor (TNF) and Heat Shock Protein 70 (HSP70) are important molecules in inflammatory, infectious and tumoral processes. The genes codifying these molecules are polymorphic and certain alleles have been associated with susceptibility to disease. Gastric cancer is associated with an Helicobacter pylori‐induced chronic inflammatory response. The aim of this work was to analyze whether polymorphisms in inflammation‐related genes are associated with the development of gastric cancer. We studied 447 Mexican adult patients including 228 with non‐atrophic gastritis, 98 with intestinal metaplasia, 63 with gastric cancer and 58 with duodenal ulcer, and 132 asymptomatic individuals as well. DNA from peripheral white blood cells was typed for the Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) −308 of TNF‐α, +252 of TNF‐β, +190 of HSP70‐1, +1267 of HSP70‐2 and +2437 of HSP70‐HOM. Compared with the asymptomatic group, we found a significant association of TNF‐β*A and HSP70‐1*C alleles with gastric cancer (OR 5.69 and 3.76, respectively) and HSP70‐1*C with duodenal ulcer (OR 3.08). Genotype TNF‐β G/G showed a significant gene‐dose effect with gastric cancer (OR 0.09); whereas HSP70‐1 C/G showed significant association with both, gastric cancer (OR 13.31) and duodenal ulcer (OR 16.19). Polymorphisms in TNF and HSP70 showed a significant severity‐dose‐response as risk markers from preneoplastic lesions to gastric cancer in Mexican population, probably because of their association with an intense and sustained inflammatory response.
How to evaluate emerging technologies in cervical cancer screening?
Authors: Arbyn Marc , Ronco Guglielmo , Cuzick Jack , Wentzensen Nicolas , Castle Philip E. 
Published: July 2009

AbstractExcellent recommendations exist for studying therapeutic and diagnostic questions. We observe that good guidelines on assessment of evidence for screening questions are currently lacking. Guidelines for diagnostic research (STARD), involving systematic application of the reference test (gold standard) to all subjects of large study populations, are not pertinent in situations of screening for disease that is currently not yet present. A five‐step framework is proposed for assessing the potential use of a biomarker as a screening tool for cervical cancer:i) correlation studies establishing a trend between the rate of biomarker expression and severity of neoplasia;ii) diagnostic studies in a clinical setting where all women are submitted to verification by the reference standard;iii) biobank‐based studies with assessment in archived cytology samples of the biomarker in cervical cancer cases and controls;iv) prospective cohort studies with baseline assessment of the biomarker and monitoring of disease;v) randomised intervention trials aiming to observe reduced incidence of cancer (or its surrogate, severe dysplasia) in the experimental arm at subsequent screening rounds. The 5‐phases framework should guide researchers and test developers in planning assessment of new biomarkers and protect clinicians and stakeholders against premature claims for insufficiently evaluated products. © 2009 UICC.
Inhibition of phosphatidylcholine‐specific phospholipase C prevents bone marrow stromal cell senescence in vitro
Authors: Sun Chunhui , Wang Nan , Huang Jie , Xin Jie , Peng Fen , Ren Yinshi , Zhang Shangli , Miao Junying 
Published: July 2009

AbstractBone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) can proliferate in vitro and can be transplanted for treating many kinds of diseases. However, BMSCs become senescent with long‐term culture, which inhibits their application. To understand the mechanism underlying the senescence, we investigated the activity of phosphatidylcholine‐specific phospholipase C (PC‐PLC) and levels of integrin β4, caveolin‐1 and ROS with BMSC senescence. The activity of PC‐PLC and levels of integrin β4, caveolin‐1 and ROS increased greatly during cell senescence. Selective inhibition of increased PC‐PLC activity with D609 significantly decreased the number of senescence‐associated beta galactosidase positive cells in BMSCs. Furthermore, D609 restored proliferation of BMSCs and their differentiation into adipocytes. Moreover, D609 suppressed the elevated levels of integrin β4, caveolin‐1 and ROS. The data suggest that PC‐PLC is involved in senescence of BMSCs, and its function is associated with integrin β4, caveolin‐1 and ROS. J. Cell. Biochem. 108: 519–528, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Chromosomal rearrangements during human epidermal keratinocyte differentiation
Authors: Marella Narasimharao V. , Seifert Brandon , Nagarajan Priyadharsini , Sinha Satrajit , Berezney Ronald 
Published: July 2009

AbstractUndifferentiated human epidermal keratinocytes are self‐renewing stem cells that can be induced to undergo a program of differentiation by varying the calcium chloride concentration in the culture media. We utilize this model of cell differentiation and a 3D chromosome painting technique to document significant changes in the radial arrangement, morphology, and interchromosomal associations between the gene poor chromosome 18 and the gene rich chromosome 19 territories at discrete stages during keratinocyte differentiation. We suggest that changes observed in chromosomal territorial organization provides an architectural basis for genomic function during cell differentiation and provide further support for a chromosome territory code that contributes to gene expression at the global level. J. Cell. Physiol. J. Cell. Physiol. 221: 139–146, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
CXCL14 inhibits trophoblast outgrowth via a paracrine/autocrine manner during early pregnancy in mice
Authors: Kuang Haibin , Chen Qi , Fan Xiujun , Zhang Ying , Zhang Li , Peng Hongying , Cao Yujing , Duan Enkui 
Published: July 2009

AbstractCXCL14, a member of chemokine family, was previously known to participate in many pathophysiological events, such as leukocytes recruitment and tumor suppression. However, it remained largely unknown whether CXCL14 is a physiological player during early pregnancy. In this regard, our recent global gene microarray analysis has observed an implantation‐specific expression profile of CXCL14 mRNA during early pregnancy in mice, showing its higher levels at implantation sites compared to inter‐implantation sites, implicating a potential role of CXCL14 in the periimplantation events. In the present investigation, using Northern blot, in situ hybridization and immunostaining, we further demonstrated that uterine CXCL14 expression was specifically induced at embryo implantation site and expanded with subsequent decidualization process in a spatiotemporal manner. The implanting embryo also showed a highlighted expression of CXCL14 in the blastocyst trophectoderm and its derived ectoplacental cones (EPCs) during postimplantation development. In vitro functional study revealed that CXCL14 could significantly inhibit both primary and secondary trophoblast attachment and outgrowth, correlated with a stage‐dependant downregulation of MMP‐2 and/or MMP‐9 activity. Moreover, it was found that biotinylated CXCL14 could specifically bind to trophoblast cells in vitro and in vivo, suggesting trophoblast cell, perhaps expressing the unidentified CXCL14 receptor, is a bioactive target of CXCL14. Collectively, our findings provide evidences supporting the contention that CXCL14 is an important paracrine/autocrine modulator regulating trophoblast outgrowth at the maternal–fetal interface during the process of pregnancy establishment. This study is clinically related since CXCL14 is also highly expressed in human receptive endometrium and trophoblasts. J. Cell. Physiol. 221: 448–457, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Barriers to the development of small stock markets: A case study of Swaziland and Mozambique
Authors: Hearn Bruce , Piesse Jenifer 
Published: July 2009

AbstractThe establishment of a successful stock market in a developing economy can be a major source of economic growth if it provides development finance by channelling domestic savings and attracting foreign investment. However, this objective is not always met, particularly in very small markets where there are barriers to efficient market operations. A case study of Swaziland and Mozambique illustrates that any potential gains to the domestic investment community are limited if there is insufficient liquidity and the political economy is such that ownership is not truly dispersed but rather remains in the hands of social elites. This paper finds that potential growth of small developing markets is further severely constrained by poverty and wealth inequality and consequently the impact on development is minimal. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Quantitation of replication of the HCV genome in human livers with end‐stage cirrhosis by strand‐specific real‐time RT‐PCR assays: Methods and clinical relevance
Authors: Lin Lan , Libbrecht Louis , Verbeeck Jannick , Verslype Chris , Roskams Tania , van Pelt Jos , Van Ranst Marc , Fevery Johan 
Published: July 2009

AbstractHCV replicates in liver via an intermediate negative strand RNA. To study the relevance of HCV genome replication, quantitative strand‐specific HCV real‐time RT‐PCR assays were developed and applied to livers explanted because of end‐stage cirrhosis. The assays have broad ranges of determination and a high reproducibility and accuracy. Analysis of five different samples showed an even distribution of HCV genomes in four livers. Hepatic concentrations of positive (PS)‐ and negative (NS)‐strand RNA did correlate with each other, with PS/NS ratios ranging between 3 and 340. Hepatic concentrations of HCV‐PS or ‐NS RNA did not correlate with serum HCV‐RNA levels or with genotypes. A high HCV envelope‐2 protein expression correlated with a low NS concentration. HCV‐PS and ‐NS levels, E2 protein expression and genotype did not correlate with biochemical tests or with histological changes in the explanted liver, but the ratio NS/PS, a marker of viral replication, correlated with the severity of the recurrent post‐transplant hepatitis caused by HCV. This suggests the existence of an extra‐hepatic location of HCV with comparable viral replication rate being responsible for the infection of the newly transplanted liver. J. Med. Virol. 81:1569–1575, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Detection of four human coronaviruses in respiratory infections in children: A one‐year study in Colorado
Authors: Dominguez Samuel R. , Robinson Christine C. , Holmes Kathryn V. 
Published: July 2009

AbstractLower respiratory tract infections are the leading cause of death in children worldwide. Studies on the epidemiology and clinical associations of the four human non‐SARS human coronaviruses (HCoVs) using sensitive polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays are needed to evaluate the clinical significance of HCoV infections worldwide. Pediatric respiratory specimens (1,683) submitted to a diagnostic virology laboratory over a 1‐year period (December 2004–November 2005) that were negative for seven respiratory viruses by conventional methods were tested for RNA of four HCoVs using sensitive RT‐PCR assays. Coronavirus RNAs were detected in 84 (5.0%) specimens: HCoV‐NL63 in 37 specimens, HCoV‐OC43 in 34, HCoV‐229E in 11, and HCoV‐HKU1 in 2. The majority of HCoV infections occurred during winter months, and over 62% were in previously healthy children. Twenty‐six (41%) coronavirus positive patients had evidence of a lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI), 17 (26%) presented with vomiting and/or diarrhea, and 5 (8%) presented with meningoencephalitis or seizures. Respiratory specimens from one immunocompromised patient were persistently positive for HCoV‐229E RNA for 3 months. HCoV‐NL63‐positive patients were nearly twice as likely to be hospitalized (P = 0.02) and to have a LRTI (P = 0.04) than HCoV‐OC43‐positive patients. HCoVs are associated with a small, but significant number (at least 2.4% of total samples submitted), of both upper and lower respiratory tract illnesses in children in Colorado. Our data raise the possibility that HCoV may play a role in gastrointestinal and CNS disease. Additional studies are needed to investigate the potential roles of HCoVs in these diseases. J. Med. Virol. 81:1597–1604, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Excretion of the novel polyomaviruses KI and WU in the stool of patients with hematological disorders
Authors: Babakir‐Mina Muhammed , Ciccozzi Massimo , Alteri Claudia , Polchi Paola , Picardi Alessandra , Greco Francesco , Lucarelli Guido , Arcese William , Perno Carlo Federico , Ciotti Marco 
Published: July 2009

AbstractInfection with human polyomaviruses BKV and JCV is asymptomatic, and lifelong and widespread, among the general population. However, in the setting of immunosuppression, secondary to medications or viral infection, for example, with HIV, reactivation can occur and result in severe disease. In this study, stool specimens from 31 patients with hematological disorders (25 transplanted and 6 non‐transplanted) were examined prospectively to determine whether the novel polyomaviruses KIV and WUV reactivated and were excreted in the gastrointestinal tract. Reactivation was correlated with the appearance of gastrointestinal and respiratory symptoms. Of the 31 patients examined, KIV and WUV were detected in 13 transplanted patients as single infection or in combination with BKV, cytomegalovirus (CMV), and adenovirus (Adv). Because of frequent co‐infections, a clear correlation between novel polyomaviruses and clinical symptoms could not be established. There was no correlation between demographic variables and detection of KIV and WUV. Phylogenetic analysis of the small t‐antigen gene of KIV and WUV isolates showed that the novel polyomaviruses identified in feces clustered with those identified in the respiratory tract suggesting an oral–fecal transmission of these viruses. The novel polyomaviruses KI and WU may have a pathogenic role in immunocompromised patients. J. Med. Virol. 81:1668–1673, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Importance of specimen type in detecting human papillomavirus DNA from the female genital tract
Authors: Roberts Christine C. , Liaw Kai‐Li , Skjeldestad Finn Egil , Jansen Kathrin U. , Bryan Janine T. 
Published: July 2009

AbstractHPV testing is a valuable tool in cervical cancer screening and efficacy assessment of HPV vaccines. Concordance of specimens from three sites for detection of HPV DNA in the female genital tract was evaluated. At a single visit, the following specimens were collected: an endo‐ecto‐cervical swab (EEC), labial/vulvar/perineal/perianal swab (LVPP) and cervicovaginal lavage (CVL). Specimens were evaluated with HPV6, HPV11, HPV16, and HPV18 type‐ and gene‐specific PCR assays. Of the 898 women evaluated at baseline, 232 were HPV PCR positive in at least one specimen. Of these, for HPV6, HPV11, HPV16, and HPV18, respectively, throughout: (a) 70.4%, 40.0%, 65.3%, and 64.1% tested three‐site positive; (b) 13.6%, 30.0%, 19.7%, and 18.8% tested two‐site positive; and (c) 16.4%, 30.0%, 15.0%, and 17.2% tested single‐site positive. For patients who tested single‐site positive for HPV6, HPV11, HPV16, or HPV18, respectively, the specimen was: LVPP in 92.3%, 33.3%, 68.2%, and 72.7%; EEC in 0.0%, 33.3%, 18.2%, and 9.1%; and CVL in 7.7%, 33.3%, 13.6%, and 18.2%. Combining results of swab specimens together increases detection of HPV6, HPV11, HPV16, and HPV 18, respectively, to 98.7%, 90.0%, 97.9%, and 96.9%. HPV DNA is detectable from all three sites using type‐specific PCR assays; most women who tested positive for a given HPV type were positive for that type in all three specimens. J. Med. Virol. 81:1620–1626, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.