bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A multiplex model of combining gene‐based, protein‐based, and metabolite‐based with positive and negative markers in urine for the early diagnosis of prostate cancer
Authors: Cao Da‐Long , Ye Ding‐Wei , Zhang Hai‐Liang , Zhu Yao , Wang Yi‐Xuan , Yao Xu‐Dong 
Published: October 2010

AbstractBACKGROUNDMultiplex urine‐based assay emerged outperforms single biomarker (e.g., prostate‐specific antigen, PSA) for predicting prostate cancer (CaP), whereas its combined mode has to be fully optimized. Our aim is to determine whether a strategy of combining gene‐based, protein‐based, metabolite‐based with positive, negative makers in urine could optimize a multiplex model for detecting CaP.METHODSUsing quantitative PCR, Western blot, and liquid chromatography‐mass spectrometry, expression patterns of PCA3, TMPRSS2: ERG, Annexin A3, Sarcosine, and urine PSA were evaluated in urine samples from 86 untreated patients with CaP and 45 patients with no evidence of malignancy. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to generate a final model and receiver‐operating characteristic (ROC) analysis and special bootstrap software to assess diagnostic performance of tested variables.RESULTSThe expression patterns of PCA3, TMPRSS2: ERG, Annexin A3, Sarcosine, and a panel including these biomarkers were significant predictors of CaP both in patients with PSA 4–10 ng/ml and in all patients (all P < 0.05). Employing ROC analysis, the area under the curves of the panel in these both cohorts were 0.840 and 0.856, respectively, which outperform that of any single biomarker (PCA3: 0.733 and 0.739; TMPRSS2: ERG: 0.720 and 0.732; Annexin A3: 0.716 and 0.728; Sarcosine: 0.659 and 0.665, respectively).CONCLUSIONSCompared with single biomarker, the multiplex model including PCA3, TMPRSS2: ERG, Annexin A3 and Sarcosine adds even more to the diagnostic performance for predicting CaP. Further validation experiments and optimization for the strategy of constructing this model are warranted. Prostate 71:700–710, 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Ultraviolet light sensitive In‐doped ZnO thin film field effect transistor printed by inkjet technique
Authors: Wu Yan , Girgis Emad , Ström Valter , Voit Wolfgang , Belova Lyubov , Rao K. V. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractThis indium‐doped zinc oxide field effect transistor (IZO‐FET) with a large ultraviolet (UV) detection sensitivity has been fabricated by inkjet printing technique. In darkness, the IZO‐FETs exhibit a saturation current level of about 10 µA, an incremental mobility as high as 8 cm2 V−1 s−1, and a current on/off ratio of 104–105. When illuminated by 363 nm, 1.7 mW cm−2 UV light, the IZO‐FET displays a photocurrent of 2 mA, and a darkness current of ∼20 nA at an optimized gate voltage of −2 V. The device is effectively turned on in about 5 ms and off in 10 ms. These results suggest that the IZO‐FET fabricated by inkjet printing could be a low cost highly sensitive UV photodetector.
H∞filtering for uncertain time‐varying systems with multiple randomly occurred nonlinearities and successive packet dropouts
Authors: Shen Bo , Wang Zidong , Shu Huisheng , Wei Guoliang 
Published: October 2010

AbstractThis paper is concerned with the robustH∞finite‐horizon filtering problem for discrete time‐varying stochastic systems with multiple randomly occurred sector‐nonlinearities (MROSNs) and successive packet dropouts. MROSNs are proposed to model a class of sector‐like nonlinearities that occur according to the multiple Bernoulli distributed white sequences with a known conditional probability. Different from traditional approaches, in this paper, a time‐varying filter is designed directly for the addressed system without resorting to the augmentation of system states and measurement, which helps reduce the filter order. A newH∞filtering technique is developed by means of a set of recursive linear matrix inequalities that depend on not only the current available state estimate but also the previous measurement, therefore ensuring a better accuracy. Finally, two illustrative examples are used to demonstrate the effectiveness and applicability of the proposed filter design scheme. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Flow structure through pool‐riffle sequences and a conceptual model for their sustainability in gravel‐bed rivers
Authors: Caamaño D. , Goodwin P. , Buffington J. M. 
Published: October 2010

ABSTRACTDetailed field measurements and simulations of three‐dimensional flow structure were used to develop a conceptual model to explain the sustainability of self‐formed pool‐riffle sequences in gravel‐bed rivers. The analysis was conducted at the Red River Wildlife Management Area in Idaho, USA, and enabled characterization of the flow structure through two consecutive pool‐riffle sequences, including: identification of jet concentration and dissipation zones, and the development of local turbulence features (i.e. vertical and horizontal eddies) under different flow conditions. Three‐dimensional hydraulic simulations were used to evaluate how the flow structure varies across a range of flow conditions and with different degrees of sediment aggradation within the upstream pool. The analysis demonstrated a significant influence of the residual pool depth on the flow structure, with reduced residual depth causing a shift in the orientation of the jet and a reduction in the influence of vertical eddies and the size and intensity of horizontal eddies. The proposed conceptual model seeks to explain the sustainability of pools in terms of the flow structure in pool‐riffle morphology and how this flow structure will change as a result of altered external forcing, such as upstream sediment delivery or changes in bank stability. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Reducing the risk of requirements volatility: findings from an empirical survey
Authors: Ferreira Susan , Shunk Dan , Collofello James , Mackulak Gerald , Dueck AmyLou 
Published: October 2010

AbstractRequirements volatility is a common development project risk that can have severe impacts. An empirical survey of over 300 software project managers and other software development personnel was performed to examine effects of various software development factors on requirements volatility. This paper reports the survey data results showing relationships between a number of software development process factors and requirements volatility. Key software project factors studied for their relationship with requirements volatility include process maturity level and various process techniques used for requirements engineering activities, such as requirements elicitation, prototyping, analysis and modeling, specification, and reviews. Significant correlations between the process factors and requirements volatility resulted from the analysis of some of the factors. The use of particular requirements engineering process techniques showed correlations with lower levels of requirements volatility. Other findings indicated that projects which used some types of prototypes to elicit requirements had higher levels of requirements volatility in later phases of the development cycle than lower levels, as one might expect. The presented results can be used by software development managers to proactively address and possibly mitigate the risk of requirements volatility, and to understand the potential for increased requirements volatility when certain methods are utilized. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
History of climate engineering
Authors: Bonnheim Noah Byron 
Published: October 2010

AbstractThe modern concept of geoengineering as a response to anthropogenic climate change evolved from much earlier proposals to modify the climate. The well‐documented history of weather modification provides a much‐needed historical perspective on geoengineering in the face of current climate anxiety and the need for responsive action. Drawing on material from the mid‐20th century until today, this paper asserts the importance of looking at geoengineering holistically—of integrating social considerations with technical promise, and scientific study with human and moral dimensions. While the debate is often couched in scientific terms, the consequences of geoengineering the climate stretch far beyond the world of science into the realms of ethics, legality, and society. Studying the history of geoengineering can help produce fresh insights about what has happened and about what may happen, and can help frame important decisions that will soon be made as to whether geoengineering is a feasible alternative to mitigation, a possible partner, or a dangerous experiment with our fragile planet. WIREs Clim Change 2010 1 891–897 DOI: 10.1002/wcc.82This article is categorized under:

Climate, History, Society, Culture > Technological Aspects and Ideas
Pre‐mRNA 3′‐end processing complex assembly and function
Authors: Chan Serena , Choi Eun‐A , Shi Yongsheng 
Published: October 2010

AbstractThe 3′‐ends of almost all eukaryotic mRNAs are formed in a two‐step process, an endonucleolytic cleavage followed by polyadenylation (the addition of a poly‐adenosine or poly(A) tail). These reactions take place in the pre‐mRNA 3′ processing complex, a macromolecular machinery that consists of more than 20 proteins. A general framework for how the pre‐mRNA 3′ processing complex assembles and functions has emerged from extensive studies over the past several decades using biochemical, genetic, computational, and structural approaches. In this article, we review what we have learned about this important cellular machine and discuss the remaining questions and future challenges. WIREs RNA 2011 2 321–335 DOI: 10.1002/wrna.54This article is categorized under:

RNA Processing > 3' End Processing
Tailored or Routine Addition of an Antireflux Fundoplication in Laparoscopic Large Hiatal Hernia Repair: A Comparative Cohort Study
Authors: Furnée Edgar J. B. , Draaisma Werner A. , Gooszen Hein G. , Hazebroek Eric J. , Smout Andre J. P. M. , Broeders Ivo A. M. J. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractBackgroundThere is controversy about the tailored or routine addition of an antireflux fundoplication in large hiatal hernia (type II–IV) repair. We investigated the strategy of selective addition of a fundoplication in patients with a large hiatal hernia and concomitant gastroesophageal reflux disease.MethodsBetween 2002 and 2008, 60 patients with a large hiatal hernia were evaluated preoperatively and 12 months after surgery by reflux‐related symptoms, upper endoscopy, and esophageal 24‐h pH monitoring. In patients with preoperatively documented gastroesophageal reflux disease, an antireflux fundoplication was added during hiatal hernia repair.ResultsAn antireflux procedure was added in 35 patients and 25 patients underwent hiatal hernia repair only. Preoperative symptoms were improved or resolved in 31 patients (88.6%) in the group who had fundoplication and in 20 patients (87.0%) in the group who did not have fundoplication. In patients with fundoplication, esophagitis was present in 6 patients (22.2%) after surgery and abnormal esophageal acid exposure persisted in 11 (39.3%). Seven patients (38.9%) with hernia repair only developed abnormal esophageal acid exposure, and esophagitis was postoperatively generated in five (27.8%). In neither group did patients have new onset of daily heartburn or dysphagia.ConclusionsIn patients with a large hiatal hernia associated with gastroesophageal reflux disease, addition of a fundoplication during hernia repair yields acceptable reduction of symptoms and does not generate symptomatic side effects. Objective control of reflux, however, is only moderate. Omission of an antireflux procedure in the absence of gastroesophageal reflux disease induced esophagitis in 28% and abnormal esophageal acid exposure in 39% of patients. Therefore, routine addition of an antireflux fundoplication should be recommended.
Limitations of Tc99m‐MIBI‐SPECT Imaging Scans in Persistent Primary Hyperparathyroidism
Authors: Witteveen Janneke E. , Kievit Job , Stokkel Marcel P. M. , Morreau Hans , Romijn Johannes A. , Hamdy Neveen A. T. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractBackgroundIn primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) the predictive value of technetium 99m sestamibi single emission computed tomography (Tc99m‐MIBI‐SPECT) for localizing pathological parathyroid glands before a first parathyroidectomy (PTx) is 83–100%. Data are scarce in patients undergoing reoperative parathyroidectomy for persistent hyperparathyroidism. The aim of the present study was to determine the value of Tc99m‐MIBI‐SPECT in localizing residual hyperactive parathyroid tissue in patients with persistent primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) after initial excision of one or more pathological glands.MethodWe retrospectively evaluated the localizing accuracy of Tc99m‐MIBI‐SPECT scans in 19 consecutive patients with persistent PHPT who had a scan before reoperative parathyroidectomy. We used as controls 23 patients with sporadic PHPT who had a scan before initial surgery.ResultsIn patients with persistent PHPT, Tc99m‐MIBI‐SPECT accurately localized a pathological parathyroid gland in 33% of cases before reoperative parathyroidectomy, compared to 61% before first PTx for sporadic PHPT. The Tc99m‐MIBI‐SPECT scan accurately localized intra‐thyroidal glands in 2 of 7 cases and a mediastinal gland in 1 of 3 cases either before initial or reoperative parathyroidectomy.ConclusionsOur data suggest that the accuracy of Tc99m‐MIBI‐SPECT in localizing residual hyperactive glands is significantly lower before reoperative parathyroidectomy for persistent PHPT than before initial surgery for sporadic PHPT. These findings should be taken in consideration in the preoperative workup of patients with persistent primary hyperparathyroidism.
Influence of riparian condition on aquatic macroinvertebrate communities in an agricultural catchment in south‐eastern Australia
Authors: Arnaiz Omar L. , Wilson Andrea L. , Watts Robyn J. , Stevens Mark M. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractRiparian vegetation is known to affect aquatic macroinvertebrate communities through contributions of organic matter and shading. Despite the widespread degradation of riparian vegetation in Australia, there are relatively few studies examining the effect of changes in riparian vegetation on in‐stream macroinvertebrate assemblages on individual catchments. In particular, information is lacking on the responses of macroinvertebrate communities in catchments dominated by agriculture, where farms that are managed at the paddock scale result in riparian vegetation condition varying over relatively short distances. In this study, macroinvertebrate assemblages were assessed from 12 reaches along a 25‐km section of a small agricultural stream in south‐eastern Australia. Riparian condition was assessed using in‐stream coarse woody debris (CWD) levels and the rapid appraisal of riparian condition (RARC) index, a numerical system for categorising the health of riparian areas that incorporates sub‐indices reflecting habitat continuity, vegetation cover, plant debris levels, native vegetation dominance, and other indicative features. There was a significant positive correlation between RARC scores and macroinvertebrate taxon richness (p < 0.01), and also between CWD scores and macroinvertebrate taxon richness (p < 0.05). In contrast, there was no significant correlation observed between riparian condition and the other macroinvertebrate indices (abundance, Shannon diversity, SIGNAL and SIGNAL2). Macroinvertebrate communities were significantly different in stream reaches from different riparian condition categories (ANOSIM; p < 0.05). Our results indicate that efforts to rehabilitate riparian vegetation may have a positive effect on in‐stream biota even when implemented at a relatively small scale by individual landholders.
Uncharted waters: rare and unclassified cardiomyopathies characterized on cardiac magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: O’Neill Ailbhe C. , McDermott Shaunagh , Ridge Carole A. , McDonald Kenneth , Keane David , Dodd Jonathan D. 
Published: October 2010

Abstract
Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) has undergone considerable technology advances in recent years, so that it is now entering into mainstream cardiac imaging practice. In particular, CMR is proving to be a valuable imaging tool in the detection, morphological assessment and functional assessment of cardiomyopathies. Although our understanding of this broad group of heart disorders continues to expand, it is an evolving group of entities, with the rarer cardiomyopathies remaining poorly understood or even unclassified. In this review, we describe the clinical and pathophysiological aspects of several of the rare/unclassified cardiomyopathies and their appearance on CMR.
Expectations modulate long‐term heat pain habituation
Authors: Dogancil Beril , Breimhorstl Markus , Hondrichl Marie , Rodriguez‐Raeckel Rea , Mayl Arne , Birkleinl Frank 
Published: October 2010

AbstractHabituation to pain was shown to be a complex mechanism involving the pain encoding regions and the antinociceptive system in the brain. Pain perception can be modulated by cognitive factors; however it is unclear whether cognitive factors also influence habituation to pain. We used an established experimental design with repetitive moderate painful heat stimulation over eight consecutive days. Thirty‐seven healthy subjects were recruited and assigned to four different groups: The first group (n =10) was instructed that pain perception over time will habituate; the second group (n =9) that pain will increase; the third group (n =8) was instructed that pain will remain stable over the 8 days of pain stimulation and the fourth group (n =10) was not given any specific information and served as a control group. We found that the control group habituated as described before. However, it was abolished in the second (sensitize) and third (stable) group, but was very strongly demonstrated in the first (habituation) group. In this group, habituation tended to be increased as compared to the control group. In conclusion, our findings highlight the importance of context information in pain studies and contribute to our knowledge about pain processing and behaviour.
Red Bull “Gives You Wings” for better or worse: A double‐edged impact of brand exposure on consumer performance
Authors: Brasel S. Adam , Gips James 
Published: October 2010

AbstractWe show that brand exposure can have double‐sided effects on behavior, with brand identity associations creating both positive and negative effects on objective consumer performance. Experimental results from a racing game involving functionally identical cars with differently branded paint jobs show that Red Bull branding creates a U‐shaped effect on race performance, as Red Bull's brand identity of speed, power, and recklessness work both for and against the players. Even though brands were exposed supraliminally, effects traveled through nonconscious channels. Double‐edged effects of branding on consumer performance could be increasingly important as ambient advertising and product cobranding become more commonplace.
Continental crust in the Lomonosov Ridge, Mendeleev Ridge, and the Makarov basin. The formation of deep-water basins in the Neogene
Authors: Artyushkov E.V. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractThe northeast of the Russian Arctic is a deep-water basin underlain by the Lomonosov and Mendeleev Ridges, with the Makarov basin in between. In most of this area, the water depth is ~1–4 km and the crust is thick (20–30 km), with a well-pronounced granitic layer. Therefore, some researchers regard this crust as continental. Others think that this is the oceanic crust, the same as that on the hotspots like Iceland in the Atlantic or Ontong Java in the Pacific. After their activity stops, such structures must subside as a result of the crust and mantle cooling, in the same way as the oceanic crust on a spreading axis. As regards the Lomonosov and Mendeleev Ridges, they subsided in quite a different way. In the absence of volcanism, they remained near sea level, almost not subsiding, for a long time (at least 70 and 190 myr, respectively). Since the late Early Miocene, these areas subsided rapidly and deep-water sediments overlay shallow-water ones. In the same epoch, the Makarov basin subsided rapidly, which also used to lie near sea level. Its subsidence was several times that which could have taken place over the same period of time as a result of lithosphere cooling on an extinct hotspot. Such tectonic movements were possible only for the continental crust. The data on the structure of the sedimentary cover preclude considerable lithospheric stretching in these areas. Therefore, the rapid subsidence is accounted for by the transformation of gabbro in the lower crust into denser rocks (garnet granulites and eclogites), catalyzed by infiltration of a mantle-derived fluid flows. Dense, deeply metamorphosed mafic rocks with a thickness of up to 10–20 km and P-wave velocities of ~8 km/s underlie the Moho in the area under study.
Stratigraphic setting and age of the complex Tappania-bearing Proterozoic fossil biota of Siberia
Authors: Nagovitsin K.E. , Stanevich A.M. , Kornilova T.A. 
Published: October 2010

Abstract
A microfossil assemblage has been found in the widely spaced (300 km apart) Baikit and Katanga areas (inner Siberian Platform) in stratigraphically coeval strata in the lower part of the petroliferous Kamo Group (Riphean). It comprises complex protists Tappania plana Yin; acritarchs Valeria lophostriata Jank., Satka sp., Lophosphaeridium sp., Pulvinosphaeridium sp., and Miroedichia sp.; porous vesicles of Tasmanites sp. and Osculosphaera sp.; vesicles with anastomosing processes, and spiral filaments of Obruchevella and Glomovertella. Siberian fossil microbiota is considerably more diverse than biota with Tappania protists known in Australia and China. A taxonomically similar fossil biota found 1500 km northeast of the well-studied Riphean section in the Olenek uplift suggests that the host rocks, too, are stratigraphically coeval. This permits refining the age of remains of the first complex eukaryotes from the inner platform and is an additional correlation criterion for the lower Kamo Group.
Distribution of monoalkylbenzenes C12H18–C27H48 in Vendian–Cambrian oils of the Siberian Platform
Authors: Ivanova I.K. , Kashirtsev V.A. 
Published: October 2010

Abstract
The peculiarities of the distribution of high-molecular normal alkylbenzenes in Vendian–Cambrian oils of the Siberian Platform were studied according to GC-MS data. A predominance of high-molecular homologues with the odd number of carbon atoms in the molecule has been established. Possible biochemical precursors and the probable mechanism of formation of “odd” monoalkylbenzenes are considered.
The August 20, 1852 earthquake in Santiago de Cuba
Authors: Cotilla Rodríguez Mario Octavio , Barba Diego Córdoba 
Published: October 2010

Abstract
On August 20, 1852, an earthquake caused widespread destruction in the city of Santiago de Cuba and its surroundings. A comprehensive search for contemporary documentation was made. The information gathered was used for a detailed analysis of the damage from and characteristics of the earthquakes. Intensities were evaluated at 45 localities, and an isoseismal scheme has been drawn. Maximum intensity reached 8 degrees (MSK), and 6.4 was the estimated magnitude. Damage to the city of Santiago de Cuba has been studied in detail. The low quality of construction aggravated the damage. The total number of casualties was two dead and approximately 200 injured. The shock was felt within 80,000 km2. The epicenter was determined as 19.75º N, 75.32º W, h = 30 km. This study shows that contemporary Cuban documents must be studied with care in their historical and cultural background to avoid overestimating earthquake intensities.