bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Is it sufficient to reconstruct the superficial medial collateral ligament only in medial knee instability? A comparative study
Authors: Rashwan Amr S.S.A. 
Published: June 2024

Introduction
The medial collateral ligament (MCL) is the primary static stabilizing structure on the medial aspect of the knee, contributing up to 78% of the restraining force to valgus loads. Sims and Jacobsen reported that 99% of medial injuries requiring operation had an associated injury to the posterior oblique ligament (POL), which was overlooked in many reports.

Hypothesis
Reconstruction of both superficial MCL and POL might be clinically advantageous in regaining valgus stability compared to superficial MCL reconstruction alone. Both groups were compared regarding the following parameters: clinical evaluation according to the Lysholm and the International Knee Documentation Committee rating scoring systems and stress valgus x-ray.

Patients and methods
Between January 2015 and April 2017, we conducted a prospective randomized analytical study, including 30 patients suffering from grade III MCL injury. They were divided into two groups (A) and (B). For group A, 15 patients underwent superficial MCL reconstruction only, while for group B, concomitant reconstruction of the superficial MCL and POLs.

Results
The mean Lysholm score in group A preoperatively was 37.9±8.1 and became 91.0±6.3 postoperatively with P value less than 0.001, while in group B, it was 38.7±11.4 and became 92.9±8.3 with P value less than 0.001. There was no statistical significant difference between both groups postoperatively (P=0.478). Regarding ligament examination of International Knee Documentation Committee score postoperatively, the frequency of cases of A, B, C, and D grades of Lachman in group A was 53.3, 40, 6.7, and 0%, respectively, versus 80, 20, and 0% in group B, and this difference was not statistically significant (P=0.4). According to valgus stress test, the frequency of cases of A, B, C, and D grades in group A was 66.7, 33.3, and 0%, respectively, versus 73.3, 26.7, and 0% in group B, and this difference was not statistically significant (P=0.7). The stress valgus x-ray evaluation of the degree of gapping in extension in group A was 1.7±0.5 versus 1.3±0.7 in group B and this difference was not statistically significant (P=0.1), and the degree of gapping in flexion in group A was 1.8±0.4 versus 1.4±0.7 in group B and this difference was not statistically significant (P=0.1).

Conclusion
There was no difference in the clinical and the radiological outcome between the reconstruction of the superficial MCL alone versus the concomitant reconstruction of the POL in patients with medial knee instability.
Salivary Interleukin-6 as a Non-Invasive Biomarker for Chronic Periodontitis and Tooth Loss in Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Sangappa Sunila Bukanakere , Babu Harsha Mysore , Savadi Ravindra C. , Krishnamurthy Praveen T. , Ravi Kiran Ammu V. V. V. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background:
Periodontitis and type 2 diabetes are chronic inflammatory diseases that increase inflammatory Interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels that induce the production of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) causing receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappa B ligand (RANKL) expression on osteoclasts, contributing to further alveolar bone destruction.

Aim:
To assess the role and diagnostic potential of salivary IL-6 (SIL-6) in the detection and evaluation of chronic periodontitis (CP) and tooth loss in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Materials and Methods:
This cross-sectional study comprised 240 subjects aged 30-69 years with minimum of 15 natural teeth. Fasting, unstimulated whole saliva was collected, full-mouth intra-oral examination and periodontal evaluation were performed using PCP-UNC 15 probe and glycaemic (HbA1c) levels were analysed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method. Subjects were categorised into four groups of 60 participants each: Group 1 (controls); Group 2 (CP); Group 3 (T2DM with CP); Group 4 (T2DM with CP and tooth loss). Salivary IL-6 levels were quantitatively assessed by enzyme-linked immune sorbent assay method.

Results:
Average SIL-6 levels were significantly elevated in Group 4 (T2DM with CP and tooth loss) (P = 0.001) and in severe periodontitis (P = 0.001). Karl Pearson Correlation found a significant association between average SIL-6 and average periodontal pocket depth (APPD) (r = 0.180), average clinical attachment loss ≥3 mm (ACAL3) (r = 0.289) and severity of periodontitis (r = 0.3228). The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve depicted an overall sensitivity of 53.3%, specificity of 68.6% and accuracy of 60% in the detection and assessment of CP in T2DM with tooth loss.

Conclusion:
IL-6 in saliva is a valuable, non-invasive biomarker in the detection and evaluation of CP in T2DM with tooth loss.
Correlation of Geographic Tongue with Early Childhood Caries in Pediatric Patient
Authors: Mahant Sucheta , Thakur Sanjay Kumar 
Published: June 2024

Background:
Benign migratory glossitis(GT) is a recurrent asymptomatic lesion found on the tongue) shows multiple, circinate, and irregular erythematous patches surrounded by slightly elevated white-colored keratotic band. Early childhood caries (ECC) is one of the most common oral disease in children in developing countries.

Aim:
To find correlation of geographic tongue, anaemia with Early Childhood Caries in children.

Result:
Early childhood caries (ECC) was found to be high in children with Geographic tongue. In this case series, anemia was also found to be contributory factor for both GT and ECC.

Conclusion:
GT, a benign recurrent condition on tongue found in children, has ECC can be associated with fissured tongue and anemia.
Miniature Pediatric Dental Office Model
Authors: Singh Shivani , Mendiratta Priya , Saraf Bhavna Gupta , Sheoran Neha , Kapil Disha , Singh Ritu 
Published: June 2024

Background:
Dental fear and anxiety remains the most common emotions experienced by the child who visit the pediatric dentist. The success of pedodontics is determined by the odontologist's capability to gain the confidence and maintain the cooperation of the child.

Objective/Aim:
The aim of the study was to assess the behavior and anxiety levels of school-going children in a dental setting using a Miniature Pediatric Dental Office Model during the first dental visit of the child.

Study Design:
This cross-sectional research was carried out in a dental institute in the department of pediatrics and preventive dentistry. The study protocol was explained to the parents of 3–9-year-old children. Demographics were elicited from the parents and their correlation with the placement of the doll in the pediatric dental office model and a modified Frankl's behavior rating scale was used to assess the child's behavior.

Results:
Of 84 participants, 47 children were under the age of 6 years and 37 children were ≥6 years of age. In the doll placement test, the majority (36.9%) of the children preferred pattern 2 (the child is on the chair, the dentist is inside the operatory, the mother is inside the operatory, and the father is outside the operatory) in the doll placement test, and the least (8.3%) preferred pattern 1 (the child is on the chair, the dentist is inside the operatory, the father is inside the operatory, the mother is outside the operatory). Thirty-four percent children up to the age of 6 years exhibited a mix of negative-positive behavior, and 43.2% of children aged 6 years showed a positive behavior according to the modified Frankl's rating scale.

Conclusion:
The doll placement test using a miniature pediatric office aided us in determining the child's anxiety level during their first dental visit. To achieve emotional support and avoid the impact of traumatic separation, especially in younger children, our study showed that mothers should be present in the dental office to remove behavior-related problems.
25-OH vitamin D3 level in tuberculosis
Authors: Chatterjee Surajit , Biswas Pratik , Bose Rituparna , Agarwal Megha 
Published: June 2024

Introduction:
The immunomodulatory role of 25-hydroxycholecalciferol (25-OH vitamin D3) has been under evaluation for a long time. As tuberculosis (TB) and MDR-TB continue to be global health problems, evaluation of the role of 25-OH vitamin D3 deficiency in TB and its relation with bacillary load may help us in formulating a preventive therapy for the disease.

Aims and Objectives:
To assess serum 25-OH vitamin D levels in patients suffering from TB for the first time and to find the relation between serum 25-OH vitamin D levels in patients with bacillary load in respiratory samples.

Results:
The serum 25-OH vitamin D level was analyzed for bacillary load in the respiratory specimen in this study, which revealed that as the serum 25-OH vitamin D level decreased, the bacillary load was found to increase in the respiratory specimen.
A Case of Type B Aortic Dissection: The Role of Transesophageal Ultrasound Guidance in Thoracic Endovascular Aortic Repair
Authors: Trimarchi Giancarlo , Benedetti Giovanni , Palmieri Cataldo , Rizza Antonio 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) plays a central role in managing acute and chronic aortic pathologies. With the advancement of transcatheter structural heart procedures, echocardiography has become a key in procedural guidance. Despite consensus on its use for cardiac interventions, ultrasound assistance in aortic procedures is not widely standardized. A 71-year-old obese man with chronic type B aortic dissection underwent a TEVAR procedure, using a single-branched aortic stent graft (Endovastec™ Castor™) and with transesophageal ultrasound guidance. The preprocedural assessment confirmed the presence of aortic dissection of the descending thoracic aorta with a posterior true lumen (TL) and an anterior false lumen (FL), normal aortic valve anatomy and function, normal left ventricular function, absence of intracavity thrombus, and absence of aortic plaques that could prevent the optimal implantation of the stent graft. During the procedure, a transesophageal echocardiogram (TEE) monitored the positioning of the guide wires, the arrival of the catheter of the thoracic endoprosthesis, and then the implantation of this at the level of the aortic arch and the descending thoracic aorta. Postprocedure TEE evaluation underlined full stent-graft deployment without leaks and successful exclusion of FL with the beginning of thrombosis. Angiography confirms the exclusion of the aneurysm and the absence of endoleaks. This clinical case demonstrates how transesophageal echocardiographic guidance can improve the TEVAR procedure by minimizing fluoroscopy time, contrast medium use, and enabling a better assessment of the dissection anatomy with real-time monitoring of both the TL and the FL. In conclusion, TEE can serve as an auxiliary intraoperative imaging tool to provide good information before, during, and after the procedure, increasing the success and safety of the TEVAR.
Importance of Coronary to Pulmonary Artery Fistulae Incidentally Detected on Echocardiography
Authors: Dedeoğlu Savas , Bornaun Helen 
Published: June 2024

Backround:
Coronary artery fistula (CAF) is an abnormal precapillary connection between a coronary artery and an adjacent structure. The incidence of CAF in children as estimated from echocardiography is 0.06-0.2%. We aimed to establish the follow up results of clinically silent CAF found incidentally by colour Doppler echocardiography.

Methods:
The study included patients with abnormal fistulous flow in the pulmonary artery who had been studied between 2008 and 2020. Patient demographics, clinical findings, indication for echocardiography, electrocardiographic findings at presentation, follow-up times and any fistula progress were obtained from the recorded files.

Results:
Among the 78,000 patients who had had an echocardiographic examination, 118 had been found by colour Doppler flow mapping to have a clinically silent CAF. The exit point of CAF was clearly visualized with colour Doppler in all patients. In most patients the CAF was located around the pulmonary valve and the bifurcation; in 76 patients, it was on the aortic side of the main pulmonary artery, 26 patients had fistulous flow through the anterior wall of the main pulmonary artery, two had the right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT) as the exit site, for 12, it was the right pulmonary artery, and for another two, the left pulmonary artery. The 118 patients had ongoing follow-up to mean 41 months. There was no spontaneous resolution of fistula. The patients were asymptomatic without intervention and with ongoing echocardiographic evidence of small CAF at the last follow-up.

Conclusion:
We recommend the treatment strategy for paediatric patients should be individualized according to fistula origin, size, chamber enlargement, draining site, age of the patient and cost of imaging during follow up.
Oculopalatal Tremor: A Narrative Review of Pathophysiology, Clinical Presentation, and Management Strategy
Authors: Ray Ravi Kumar , Verma Deepak , Sah Michael Kumar , Singh Roshan , Das Merina , Mehta Binod , Yadav Pooja , Chandra Avinash 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Oculopalatal tremor (OPT) is a complex neurological disorder characterized by acquired oscillatory nystagmus synchronized with tremors of the soft palate and other muscles. The article discusses the pathology, clinical manifestations, and diagnostic methods of OPT. A comprehensive literature search was conducted in PubMed and Google Scholar using keywords and relevant articles were studied and analysis was done. Vertical pendular nystagmus is the hallmark, while other muscles such as the neck, head, larynx, and diaphragm may be affected. The pathophysiology is due to lesions of the Guillain–Mollaret triangle (GMT), which causes hypertrophy of the inferior olivary. Neuroimaging reveals hypertrophy of the inferior olivary medulla, which aids in diagnosis. Drug treatments such as gabapentin and memantine can reduce nystagmus, although the visual quality may not permanently improve. The study explores the complexity of the pathophysiology and clinical presentation of OPT. New treatments that target abnormal neuronal connections with drugs such as quinine or mefloquine are being investigated. The potential of deep brain stimulation (DBS) remains uncertain, with promising aspects but limited efficacy. A synergy of technology and treatment is proposed to advance OPT treatment. Future studies will aim to clarify the nuances of responses to OPT and may include a comparative study of medication and DBS. OPT is mainly caused by a disruption in GMT/dentato-rubro-olivary pathway, presenting with tremor, and nystagmus is diagnosed with magnetic resonance imaging. Gabapentin and memantine have proved to be effective in improving the condition except for visual changes.
Effect of Murr makki (Commiphora myrrha) in abnormal vaginal discharge – A pre and post interventional study
Authors: Rajak Vandana , Shameem Ismath , Meherunissa  
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background and Objectives:
Abnormal vaginal discharge (AVD) is the most common complaint in reproductive age group women. The objective of the study is to evaluate the effect of Murr makki (Commiphora myrrha Linn) in AVD.

Materials and Methods:
Married women in the age group of 18–45 years presenting with complaint of AVD irrespective of pathology were included in the study and patients with recurrent vaginal discharge, sexually transmitted diseases, pelvic inflammatory diseases, systemic diseases, and malignancy, using antibiotics or contraceptives, pregnant and lactating women were excluded. Three grams Murr makki powder was administered orally with Baiza Neem Baristh (half-fried egg) in empty stomach once daily for 3 days. Clinical improvement (changes in white discharge per vaginum, pruritis vulvae, low back ache was assessed on three-pointer scale), and laboratory improvement (changes in vaginal pH and wet mount) was assessed during the trial. Follow-up was done weekly once for 2 weeks during the study period to assess the effect of treatment. Results were analyzed using Student’s t-test.

Results:
About 76.7% of patients showed clinical improvement and 23.3% of patients had no improvement, while 43.3% of patients had laboratory improvement and 56.7% had no improvement.

Interpretation and Conclusion:

Murr makki can offer an appropriate safe alternate medicine for women with AVD, who like to use herbal medicines, or who are resistant to antibiotics. Further, no adverse effect of Murr makki was reported during the trial and safety parameters are within normal limits, thus indicating that Murr makki can be safely used in the prescribed dosage in patients with AVD.
A journey through Unani medicine in the West: An exploratory case study
Authors: Graz Bertrand , Itrat Malik 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The ancient Hippocratic medicine, which prevailed in Europe for nearly two millennia, has undergone a transformation and found contemporary expression in the form of Unani medicine. This tradition, rooted in the Ionian (Greek) approach, revolves around the theory of humors. Unani medicine migrated from Greece to the Arab world and subsequently to India and Pakistan, where it has been widely embraced and practiced. Exploring the educational journey of a practitioner in Liverpool has revealed the existence of an international network of Unani medicine. Many of its teachers and practitioners originate from the Indian subcontinent. This once-dominant therapeutic system is experiencing a resurgence in the West, particularly within the realms of complementary, alternative, or integrative medicine. This article aims to highlight the historical journey of Unani medicine, emphasizing its evolution from ancient Greece to its current status as a relevant and practiced system in the West.
Habilidades motrices: diagnóstico y análisis en la Escuela Básica de Innovación UNAE, Ecuador
Authors: Revilla Lorena Soledad , Pesantez Palacios María Dolores , López  Pérez Diana Micaela 
Published: June 2024

El presente artículo es parte del proyecto de Vinculación con la Sociedad de la Universidad Nacional de Educación, titulado “Programa de Inclusión y Atención a la diversidad: Yachakuna”. El objetivo principal es valorar la práctica de la actividad física en el desarrollo de habilidades y destrezas motrices en edades tempranas, comprendidas entre edades de 3 a 7 años. Se plantea una pregunta que orienta este estudio ¿Cómo se desarrolla las habilidades y destrezas motrices mediante la actividad física en niños y niñas de primera infancia? Desde lo metodológico, se basa en una investigación cualitativa con las siguientes fases de la intervención socioeducativa: diagnostico, planificación, implementación y evaluación. En este estudio se presentan los aspectos más significativos y los resultados obtenidos en la primera fase: el diagnóstico. La información fue recogida de diversas fuentes, aplicando técnicas de observación, grupos focales y entrevistas. Los datos se codificaron y analizaron con el apoyo del software MAXQDA. El principal resultado demuestra el escaso conocimiento de los docentes y padres de familia sobre el rol de las actividades físicas en el desarrollo de habilidades y destrezas motrices en la primera infancia. Las conclusiones más relevantes son a) la necesidad de formar a los docentes en la aplicación de actividades físicas, b) brindar a la institución educativa material de apoyo con actividades y estrategias que sean incluidas en el currículo, c) implementar jornadas údico-pedagógicas en las actividades escolares con la finalidad de estimular el desarrollo de habilidades y destrezas motrices.
O bicarbonato de sódio e o desempenho no exercício físico: uma possibilidade de baixo custo
Authors: Oliveira Analice Barbosa Santos de 
Published: June 2024

O bicarbonato de sódio é um suplemento nutricional popular, de baixo custo, usado como auxiliar ergogênico, com estudos explorando seus efeitos no desempenho do exercício desde 1930. Sabe-se que é um alimento seguro e por isso é utilizado tanto na indústria alimentícia quanto em situações clínicas. Diante desta realidade buscou-se evidenciar o bicarbonato de sódio como alternativa de suplementação de baixo custo para otimizar a performance no exercício físico. Quanto ao processo metodológico do estudo buscou-se a pesquisa integrativa com coleta de informações na plataforma Pubmed, em busca de ensaios clínicos controlados randomizados, publicados nos anos de 2019 a 2023. Encontrou-se 15 artigos relacionados ao poder ergogênico do bicarbonato de sódio em esportes com amostras diferenciadas. Concluiu-se que o bicarbonato de sódio melhora o desempenho em atividades de resistência muscular de diversos esportes de combate, karatê, taekwondo, luta livre, remo, CrossFit®, no ciclismo comum e de alta intensidade, logo se torna uma alternativa de baixo custo e de fácil acesso popular para se conseguir melhor desempenho em esportes.
On the expediency of the development of incineration thermal power plants in Russia
Authors: Василенко Н.К. , Цибульникова В.Ю. 
Published: June 2024

В статье рассматриваются особенности развития мусоросжигательных теплоэлектростанций в России. Несмотря на многочисленные запреты и протесты, страны с наивысшей оценкой по индексу экологической эффективности подтверждают, что мусоросжигательные заводы могут быть безопасными. На сегодняшний день эффективное управление отходами – один из важнейших компонентов устойчивого развития страны. Современные мусоросжигательные теплоэлектростанции при соблюдении установленных норм несут массу положительных изменений, к которым относится и очищение планеты, и сохранение невозобновляемых ресурсов, и стабильное получение значимой прибыли.
The article discusses the features of the development of incineration thermal power plants in Russia. Despite numerous bans and protests, the countries with the highest score on the environmental efficiency index confirm that incinerators can be safe. Today, effective waste management is one of the most important components of the country’s sustainable development. Modern incineration thermal power plants, in compliance with established norms, bring a lot of positive changes, which include the purification of the planet, the conservation of non-renewable resources, and the stable receipt of significant profits.
International trade in textiles and clothing at the present stage and employment issues
Authors: Долженко И.Б. 
Published: June 2024

Актуальность статьи связана с важной ролью индустрии моды, включающей текстильную и швейную промышленность, и международной торговли текстилем и одеждой в глобальной экономике. Выявлено, что международное разделение труда в индустрии моды значительно изменилось под воздействием глобализации и новых технологий. Установлены изменения в международной специализации стран за последние 30 лет в сфере текстиля и одежды, в положении ведущих экспортеров и импортеров одежды и факторы, на это влияющие. Определено, что международная торговля оказывает значимое влияние на вопросы занятости, оплаты труда, международной миграции и использования труда мигрантов в индустрии моды развитых стран.
The relevance of the article is related to the important role of the fashion industry, including the textile and clothing industry, and international trade in textiles and clothing in the global economy. It was revealed that the international division of labor in the fashion industry has changed significantly under the influence of globalization and changes in technology. Changes in the international specialization of countries over the past 30 years in the field of textiles and clothing have been established. Changes in the position of leading exporters and importers of clothing and factors influencing this have been identified. It has been established that international trade has a significant impact on issues of employment, wages, international migration and the use of migrant labor in the fashion industry of developed countries.