bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rapid detection and quantification of specific proteins by immunodepletion and microfluidic separation
Authors: Azadi Glareh , Gustafson Eric , Wessel Gary M. , Tripathi Anubhav 
Published: April 2012

AbstractConventional immunoblotting techniques are labor intensive, time consuming and rely on the elution of target protein after depletion. Here we describe a new method for detection and quantification of proteins, independent of washing and elution. In this method, the target protein is first captured by immunodepletion with antibody‐coated microbeads. In the second step, both the supernatant after immunodepletion and the untreated protein sample are directly analyzed by microfluidic electrophoresis without further processing. Subsequently, the detection and quantification are performed by comparing the electropherograms of these two samples. This method was tested using an Escherichia coli lysate with a FLAG‐tagged protein and anti‐FLAG magnetic beads. An incubation of as short as one min was sufficient for detectable depletion (66%) by microchip electrophoresis. Longer incubation (up to 60 min) resulted in more depletion of the target band (82%). Our results show that only 19% of the target is recovered after elution from the beads. By eliminating multiple wash and elution steps, our method is faster, less labor intensive, and highly reproducible. The target protein can still be easily identified even in the case of nonspecific binding at low concentrations. This work highlights the advantages of integrating immunodepletion techniques on a microfluidic platform.
Endovascular suitability and outcome after open surgery for ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm
Authors: Dick F , Diehm N , Opfermann P , von Allmen R , Tevaearai H , Schmidli J 
Published: April 2012

Abstract

Background
Endovascular repair of ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm (rAAA) has rapidly gained popularity, but superior results may be biased by patient selection. The aim was to investigate whether suitability for endovascular repair predicted survival, irrespective of technique of repair.

Methods
Two blinded investigators independently evaluated preoperative computed tomography angiograms of a consecutive cohort of patients with rAAA. Patients were categorized either ‘suitable’ or ‘unsuitable’ for endovascular repair, if assessments agreed. If assessments disagreed, they were classified ‘borderline suitable’. Correlations between endovascular suitability and clinical outcome were adjusted for suspected confounding factors and tested for robustness using sensitivity analyses.

Results
A total of 248 patients with rAAA from January 2001 to December 2010 were included, of whom 237 (95·6 per cent) underwent open repair. Seventy patients (28·2 per cent) were classified as ‘suitable’ and 100 (40·3 per cent) as ‘unsuitable’ for endovascular repair; 63 (25·4 per cent) were considered ‘borderline suitable’. Fifteen (6·0 per cent) could not be assessed and were included in the sensitivity analyses. The postoperative 30-day mortality rate was 15·3 per cent (38 deaths). Multiple logistic regression demonstrated that the odds of perioperative death increased 9·21 (95 per cent confidence interval 2·16 to 39·23) fold for ‘unsuitable’ rAAA (P = 0·003) and 6·80 (1·47 to 31·49) fold for ‘borderline’ rAAA (P = 0·014), compared with ‘suitable’ rAAA. This selection effect was robust across sensitivity analyses and sustained for at least 5 years of follow-up.

Conclusion
Endovascular suitability was an independent and strongly positive predictor of survival after open repair of rAAA.
Simple coating technique for 2‐dimensional zinc oxide nanostructure
Authors: Justin Raj C. , Bharathi P. , Varma K. B. R. 
Published: April 2012

AbstractWe report a novel and simple solution‐based technique for depositing 2‐D zinc oxide platelets at low temperature. Nanoplatelets that were mostly a‐oriented associated with the Lotgering orientation factor of 0.65 were obtained by locating a glass substrate at a distance of about 5cm over the aqueous vapour of the boiling precursor. Experiments were carried out to optimize the coating parameters by placing the substrate at different positions, durations and the pH of the precursor. The X‐ray diffraction studies confirmed the structure associated with the crystallites to be wurzite. The different morphology of the zinc oxide films and blue light emission were observed using scanning electron microscopy and fluorescence spectroscopy respectively.
Dynamical and passive characteristics of the Ag/TlGaSeS/Ag RF resonators
Authors: Qasrawi A. F. , Elayyat Shadia M. S. , Gasanly N. M. 
Published: April 2012

AbstractAg contacts on the surface of the TlGaSeS single crystals are observed to exhibit Schottky characteristics. The ideality factor of the Ag/ TlGaSeS/Ag device decreased from 5.2 to 1.3 by the reduction of series resistance effect on the I‐V characteristics. Cheung's model analysis revealed a series resistance and barrier height of 40.6 KΩ and 0.32 V, respectively. The device was run on the passive mode by injection with an alternating ac signal of variable frequency in the frequency range of 0‐120 MHz and recoding the device capacitance. Several resonance‐antiresonance positions in the range of 27‐350 KHz were observed. The tangent loss factor of the passive device was observed to decrease with increasing frequency. It exhibited a very low loss value of the order of 10−5 at 120 MHz. Such property is a characteristic of high performance tunable device being suitable as processor clock controller.
On fast preprocessing schemes for the real‐valued spatially multiplexed MIMO detectors
Authors: Liu T.‐H. , Chiu Chun‐Ning 
Published: April 2012

SUMMARYMultiple‐input and multiple‐output detectors may rely on the complex and real signal models, yielding complex detectors for quadrature amplitude modulated signals and real detectors for pulse amplitude modulated signals, respectively. It is well‐known that the complex and real maximum likelihood detectors are equivalent. But relying on both the conventional real and pairwise real models, we show in this paper that some of the suboptimal real detectors are equivalent to their counterpart complex detectors, whereas some are not. The equivalence between the complex and pairwise real detectors also leads us to develop fast preprocessing algorithms for the real ordered successive interference cancelation and tree search detectors. Finally, we show that the preprocessing computations required by the equivalent suboptimal complex and pairwise real detectors are of the same complexity. When some practical preprocessing criteria are used, the real detectors may not detect the PAM signals in the pairwise manner. Such non‐pairwise real detectors outperform their counterpart complex detectors at the cost of higher preprocessing complexity. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Adult periventricular neural stem cells: Outstanding progress and outstanding issues
Authors: Chojnacki Andrew , Cusulin Carlo , Weiss Samuel 
Published: April 2012

AbstractTwenty years have past since the existence of neural stem cells (NSCs) within the walls of the adult lateral ventricles was discovered. During this period of time, great strides have been made in every facet of our understanding of this adult periventricular NSC population. In this review, some of the fields' major advancements regarding the nature and function of adult periventricular NSCs are examined. We bring attention to issues related to NSC identity, potential, and the role of Notch signaling in regulating quiescence and activation that warrant further investigation. Progress in the understanding of human adult NSCs will aid in the development of tools required to advance therapies not only for brain repair after injury or disease but may also lead to novel therapeutics for brain tumors. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Develop Neurobiol 72: 972–989, 2012
Alterations of the erythrocyte membrane proteome and cytoskeleton network during storage – a possible tool to identify autologous blood transfusion
Authors: Nikolovski Zoran , De La Torre Carolina , Chiva Cristina , Borràs Eva , Andreu David , Ventura Rosa , Segura Jordi 
Published: April 2012

Mature red blood cells (RBCs) are the end‐stage of a development process that starts in the bone marrow and continues to differentiate, through reticulocyte stage, entering into the circulation with a four‐month lifespan. While stored, RBCs undergo different changes. The aim of this study was to evaluate changes occurring in RBC membranes during storage that could be used as possible markers to detect the misuse of blood transfusion in sports.Whole blood was collected from two volunteers in blood bags and stored for 42 days at 4°C. At different times (1, 7, 21, and 42 days of storage) whole blood was extracted under sterile conditions and submitted to RBC membrane ghost preparation and further analysis. Proteomic methods were applied using two strategies: protein oriented using 2‐DE gels and peptide oriented using isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ).In both approaches, the goal was to compare detectable changes in RBC membrane proteome before and after standard storage at different times. Some of the changes were confirmed with both methodologies employed, while with others only with one of them. Complementarities of the methods in this case showed to be an advantage.Changes were observed in two different protein complexes. In one of them, changes consisted of proteins decreasing, while increasing in the other during storage of RBCs. They are mostly located in cytoskeleton ‐ spectrin β, band 4.2, ankyrin‐1, tropomodulin‐1, β adducin, band 4.9 (dematin), tropomyosin, while some changes were also observed in transmembrane proteins (glycophorin C, aquaporin‐1, band 3). Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Matrix Isolation and Spectroscopic Characterization of 2,5,6‐Trifluoropyridylnitren‐3‐yl
Authors: Grote Dirk , Finke Christopher , Neuhaus Patrik , Sander Wolfram 
Published: April 2012

AbstractThe photochemistry of 3‐iodo‐2,5,6‐trifluoropyridyl azide (6c), matrix‐isolated in argon, was investigated by IR and EPR spectroscopy. The primary photoproduct is 3‐iodo‐2,5,6‐trifluoropyridylnitrene (7c) in its triplet ground state. Further irradiation produced very low yields of nitrene radical3c, which shows a characteristic EPR spectrum. The yield of3c, however, was too low for IR detection. Instead, azirinyl radical11, formed from3cby ring closure, could clearly be identified in the IR spectra. Other products observed were azirine8c′and the ketenimine9c′, which are formed in a photostationary equilibrium together with nitrine7c.
Synthesis and electrophilic cyclization reactions of diphenyl 3‐methylhexa‐ 1,3,4‐trien‐3‐yl phosphine oxide
Authors: Ivanov Ivaylo K. , Christov Valerij Ch. 
Published: April 2012

AbstractDiphenyl 3‐methylhexa‐1,3,4‐trien‐3‐yl phosphine oxide can be readily prepared via an atom‐economical 2,3‐sigmatropic rearrangement of the mediated alkenynyl phosphinite formed in situ by a reaction of 2‐methylhex‐5‐en‐3‐yn‐2‐ol with diphenylchlorophosphine. Electrophilic cyclization reactions of prepared 1‐vinylallenyl phosphine oxide were investigated as it was established that the reactions proceeded with formation of heterocyclic compounds with participation of the allenic and/or 1,3‐dienic part of the vinylallenic system with neighboring group participation of the phosphoryl and/or vinylic group. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heteroatom Chem 23:345–351, 2012; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/hc.21023
Developmental Evolution in Social Insects: Regulatory Networks from Genes to Societies
Authors: LINKSVAYER TIMOTHY A. , FEWELL JENNIFER H. , GADAU JÜRGEN , LAUBICHLER MANFRED D. 
Published: April 2012

ABSTRACTThe evolution and development of complex phenotypes in social insect colonies, such as queen–worker dimorphism or division of labor, can, in our opinion, only be fully understood within an expanded mechanistic framework ofDevelopmental Evolution. Conversely, social insects offer a fertile research area in which fundamental questions ofDevelopmental Evolutioncan be addressed empirically. We review the concept of gene regulatory networks (GRNs) that aims to fully describe the battery of interacting genomic modules that are differentially expressed during the development of individual organisms. We discuss how distinct types of network models have been used to study different levels of biological organization in social insects, fromGRNs to social networks. We propose that these hierarchical networks spanning different organizational levels from genes to societies should be integrated and incorporated into fullGRNmodels to elucidate the evolutionary and developmental mechanisms underlying social insect phenotypes. Finally, we discuss prospects and approaches to achieve such an integration.J. Exp. Zool. (Mol. Dev. Evol.) 318:159–169, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Sex‐Linked Mitochondrial Behavior During Early Embryo Development inRuditapes philippinarum(Bivalvia Veneridae) a Species with the Doubly Uniparental Inheritance (DUI) of Mitochondria
Authors: MILANI LILIANA , GHISELLI FABRIZIO , PASSAMONTI MARCO 
Published: April 2012

ABSTRACTIn most metazoans mitochondria are inherited maternally. However, in some bivalve molluscs, two mitochondrial lineages are present: one transmitted through females (F‐type), the other through males (M‐type). This unique system is called Doubly Uniparental Inheritance (DUI) of mitochondria. In DUI species, M‐type mitochondria have to invade the germ line of male embryos during development, otherwise sperm would transmit F‐type mtDNA and DUI would fail. The mechanisms by which sperm mitochondria enter the germ line are still unknown. To address this question, we traced the movement of spermatozoon mitochondria (M‐type) in embryos of the DUI speciesRuditapes philippinarumby fertilizing eggs with sperm stained with the mitochondrial‐specific vital dye MitoTracker Green. As inMytilusDUI species, inR. philippinarumthe distribution of sperm mitochondria follows two different patterns: an aggregated one in which these organelles locate near the first cleavage furrow, and a dispersed one in which sperm mitochondria are scattered. The presence of the two mitochondrial patterns in these taxa, together with their absence in species with Strictly Maternal Inheritance (SMI), confirms that their occurrence is related to DUI. Moreover, a Real‐Time qPCR analysis showed that neither M‐type nor F‐type mitochondria undergo replication boosts in the earliest embryo development. This is the first study on sex‐linked mtDNA copy number carried out by qPCR analysis on embryos of a DUI species and the first time the segregation patterns of sperm mitochondria are described in a DUI system other thanMytilus.J. Exp. Zool. (Mol. Dev. Evol.) 318:182–189, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Quantifying telemetry collar bias when age is unknown: A simulation study with a long‐lived ungulate
Authors: Prichard Alexander K. , Joly Kyle , Dau Jim 
Published: April 2012

AbstractRadiotelemetry collars are frequently used to estimate demographic parameters of animals, such as annual survival and parturition rates. If animals are collared for multiple years and statistical adjustments are not made, these estimates can be biased by an unrepresentative age structure and individual variability of collared animals. To quantify the effects of different factors on the magnitude of these potential biases, we created a computer simulation of the female portion of a barren‐ground caribou (Rangifer tarandus granti) herd and then randomly assigned collars to individuals within the simulated population. Under our default model, based on the Western Arctic Herd monitoring program, caribou were collared randomly from all females aged 2 years and over, and they remained collared for a mean of 7 years. Our simulations revealed that survival rates were underestimated by approximately 3.4% and parturition rates were overestimated by approximately 3.3%. The magnitude of these biases increased when individuals remained collared for longer periods. Increased individual variability in the population resulted in only small increases in survival and parturition rates. Because the magnitude of the bias increased steadily during the first years of the study, we found a substantial risk of incorrectly identifying a significant decline in survival in the first 7 years after marking. Including the number of years individual animals have been collared as a covariate in analyses can reduce the biases in demographic parameters and should be considered for inclusion in analyses when animal age is unknown. Actual survival rate estimates from telemetry data for the Western Arctic Herd were generally consistent with the results of these simulations. These potential biases should be considered when interpreting demographic parameters from multi‐year collaring studies. © 2012 The Wildlife Society.
Spastic cocontraction in hemiparesis: Effects of botulinum toxin
Authors: Vinti Maria , Costantino Filomena , Bayle Nicolas , Simpson David M. , Weisz Donald J. , Gracies Jean‐Michel 
Published: April 2012

AbstractIntroduction: In this study of spastic hemiparesis we evaluated cocontraction during sustained agonist/antagonist efforts, before and after botulinum toxin (BoNT) injection in 1 agonist. Methods: Nineteen hemiparetic subjects performed maximal isometric elbow flexion/extension efforts with the elbow at 100° (extensors stretched). Using flexor and extensor surface electromyography we calculated agonist recruitment/cocontraction indices from 500‐ms peak voluntary agonist recruitment, before and 1 month after onabotulinumtoxinA injection (160 U) into biceps brachii. Results: Before injection, agonist recruitment and cocontraction indices were higher in extensors than flexors [0.74 ± 0.15 vs. 0.59 ± 0.10 (P < 0.01) and 0.43 ± 0.25 vs. 0.25 ± 0.13 (P < 0.05), respectively]. Biceps injection decreased extensor cocontraction index (−35%, P < 0.05) while increasing flexor agonist recruitment and cocontraction indices. Conclusions: In spastic hemiparesis, stretch may facilitate agonist recruitment and spastic cocontraction. In the non‐injected antagonist, cocontraction may be reduced by enhanced reciprocal inhibition from a more relaxed, and therefore stretched, agonist, or through decreased recurrent inhibition from the injected muscle. Muscle Nerve, 2012
Dorsal sural neuropathy: Electrophysiological, ultrasonographic, and magnetic resonance imaging findings
Authors: Kim Yona , Kim Dong Hwee , Kim Nan Hee , Kim Baek Hyun , Park Byung Kyu 
Published: April 2012

AbstractDorsal sural neuropathy occurs infrequently as a result of compression of the nerve due to various etiologies.We describe a 52‐year‐old diabetic woman with dorsal sural neuropathy. The diagnosis was based on clinical, electrophysiological, ultrasonographic, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings. This case report demonstrates the usefulness of electrophysiological and imaging studies, including ultrasonography, in the diagnosis of dorsal sural neuropathy. Muscle Nerve 46: 597–600, 2012
An unconditionally stable uncoupled scheme for a triphasic Cahn–Hilliard/Navier–Stokes model
Authors: Minjeaud Sebastian 
Published: April 2012

AbstractWe propose an original scheme for the time discretization of a triphasic Cahn–Hilliard/Navier–Stokes model. This scheme allows an uncoupled resolution of the discrete Cahn–Hilliard and Navier‐Stokes system, which is unconditionally stable and preserves, at the discrete level, the main properties of the continuous model. The existence of discrete solutions is proved, and a convergence study is performed in the case where the densities of the three phases are the same. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Numer Methods Partial Differential Eq. 2013
The birefringence and anisotropic planar shrinkage of polycarbonate/organoclay injection moldings
Authors: Sadeghi Soheil , Nazockdast Hossein , Mehranpour Milad 
Published: April 2012

AbstractThe main objective of the present work was the study of the effect of organoclay on planar shrinkage anisotropy of polymeric injection‐molded products by means of a rheological technique, in conjunction with birefringence measurements, performed on polycarbonate/organoclay samples. Polarized optical microscopy at elevated temperatures revealed that the birefringence due to the ordered‐silicate layers had a negative contribution to the overall birefringence of the samples. The maximum value of the calculated‐order parameter based on these results was found to be near unity, indicating an appreciable degree of flow alignment for the silicate layers. Different states of silicate layer orientation, with some layers aligned parallel to the in‐plane direction at the skin layer or partially tilted from the planar direction at the core region, were observed through the optical analysis along the thickness direction. The anisotropic shrinkage measurements showed that organoclay reduced both in‐flow and cross‐flow shrinkages, resulting in a low extent of planar shrinkage anisotropy. This can be attributed to the flow alignment of clay particles closely parallel to the in‐plane direction. Prolonged relaxation of the flow‐induced molecular orientation combined with faster solidification were also found to play an appreciable role in the decreased shrinkage anisotropy. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 2012. © 2012 Society of Plastics Engineers
Religiosity, depression, and quality of life in Korean patients with breast cancer: a 1‐year prospective longitudinal study
Authors: Jang Ji‐Eun , Kim Sung‐Wan , Kim Seon‐Young , Kim Jae‐Min , Park Min‐Ho , Yoon Jung‐Han , Shin Hee‐Young , Kang Hee‐Ju , Bae Kyung‐Yeol , Shin Il‐Seon , Yoon Jin‐Sang 
Published: April 2012

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the association among religiosity and depression, anxiety, and quality of life in women with breast cancer.MethodThe sample consisted of 284 patients with breast cancer who were undergoing surgery. They were assessed with the following instruments at baseline and at 1 year after surgery: the Duke Religious Index (DRI), the Montgomery–Asberg Depression Rating Scale, the Hospital Anxiety Depression Scale, and the European Organization for the Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire Core 30. Depression was diagnosed with the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview.ResultsThe prevalence of depression at baseline and at 1 year was 22.5% and 16.5%, respectively. The religious groups did not differ significantly with respect to the prevalence of depression or scores on psychiatric measures at either baseline or at 1 year. The prevalence of depression significantly decreased only in the Protestant group, from 30.1% to 15.7%. Scores on the DRI were significantly negatively correlated with scores on all of the anxiety and depression scales at 1 year after surgery in this group. In contrast, scores on the religious activity subscale of the DRI were significantly positively correlated with scores on the Hospital Anxiety Depression Scale at baseline or at 1 year among Catholic participants. The DRI scores of Protestant respondents were significantly positively correlated with scores on the European Organization for the Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire Core 30 at 1 year after surgery.ConclusionReligiosity plays an important role in the emotional state and quality of life of Korean women with breast cancer. However, its clinical meaning may differ according to the type of religious affiliation and the stage of illness. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.