bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
V‐CLIP: Integrating plasma vascular endothelial growth factor into a new scoring system to stratify patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma for clinical trials
Authors: Kaseb Ahmed O. , Hassan Manal M. , Lin E , Xiao Lianchun , Kumar Vikas , Pathak Priyanka , Lozano Richard , Rashid Asif , Abbruzzese James L. , Morris Jeffrey S. 
Published: December 2010

AbstractBACKGROUND:Several staging systems have been proposed for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC); however, none has incorporated circulating angiogenic biomarkers. The purpose of this study was to determine whether vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) could independently predict overall survival in patients with HCC, and whether adding VEGF level into the Cancer of the Liver Italian Program (CLIP) score could improve patient stratification and prediction of overall survival.METHODS:Between 2001 and 2008, baseline plasma VEGF levels were available from 288 patients, and multivariate Cox regression models and median survival (95% confidence intervals) were calculated. Recursive partitioning was used to determine the optimal cutpoint for VEGF, using 10 repeated training/validation samples, each using two‐thirds of the data to determine the best cutpoint and the remaining one‐third to validate it. Prognostic ability of CLIP and V‐CLIP was compared using the concordence index.RESULTS:Plasma VEGF was a significant independent predictor of overall survival, with an optimal VEGF cutpoint of 450 pg/mL. After CLIP validation in our patients, we added VEGF to the CLIP score and found that the new V‐CLIP score better separates patients into homogenous prognostic groups (P = .005).CONCLUSIONS:The assessment of baseline plasma VEGF levels increases the precision of the CLIP scoring system for predicting HCC prognosis, which may assist in equally randomizing patients with HCC in clinical trials. Prospective validation of the V‐CLIP scoring system is warranted. Cancer 2011. © 2010 American Cancer Society.
John Cunningham virus T‐antigen expression in anal carcinoma
Authors: Ramamoorthy Sonia , Devaraj Bikash , Miyai Katsumi , Luo Linda , Liu Yu‐Tsueng , Boland C. Richard , Goel Ajay , Carethers John M. 
Published: December 2010

AbstractBACKGROUND:Anal carcinoma is thought to be driven by human papillomavirus (HPV) infection through interrupting function of cell regulatory proteins such as p53 and pRb. John Cunningham virus (JCV) expresses a T‐antigen that causes malignant transformation through development of aneuploidy and interaction with some of the same regulatory proteins as HPV. JCV T‐antigen is present in brain, gastric, and colon malignancies, but has not been evaluated in anal cancers. The authors examined a cohort of anal cancers for JCV T‐antigen and correlated this with clinicopathologic data.METHODS:Archived anal carcinomas were analyzed for JCV T‐antigen expression. DNA from tumor and normal tissue was sequenced for JCV with viral copies determined by quantitative polymerase chain reaction and Southern blotting. HPV and microsatellite instability (MSI) status was correlated with JCV T‐antigen expression.RESULTS:Of 21 cases of anal cancer (mean age 49 years, 38% female), 12 (57%) were in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)‐positive individuals. All 21 cancers expressed JCV T‐antigen, including 9 HPV‐negative specimens. More JCV copies were present in cancer versus surrounding normal tissue (mean 32.54 copies/μg DNA vs 2.98 copies/μg DNA, P = .0267). There was no correlation between disease stage and viral copies, nor between viral copies and HIV‐positive or ‐negative status (28.7 vs 36.34 copies/μg DNA, respectively, P = .7804). In subset analysis, no association was found between JCV T‐antigen expression and HPV or MSI status.CONCLUSIONS:Anal carcinomas uniformly express JCV T‐antigen and contain more viral copies compared with surrounding normal tissue. JCV and its T‐antigen oncogenic protein, presumably through interruption of cell regulatory proteins, may play a role in anal cancer pathogenesis. Cancer 2011. © 2010 American Cancer Society.
In vivo myoelectric activity: methods, analysis, and interpretation
Authors: Sarna Sushil K. 
Published: December 2010

AbstractThe sections in this article are:Control of Phasic ContractionsTemporal Control of Phasic ContractionsSpatial Control of Phasic ContractionsMethods of RecordingMethods of AnalysisTerminologySpatial and Temporal Patterns of in Vivo Myoelectric ActivityStomachSmall IntestineColon and RectumEsophagusSphincters and Organ JunctionsSphinctersOrgan JunctionsGallbladderSpecial Situation ContractionsVomitingCaudad Mass MovementRelaxation‐Oscillator Versus Cable Model to Explain Organization of Electrical Control ActivityPassive ConductionRegenerative PropagationRelaxation‐Oscillator PropagationSummary
Fine‐needle aspiration of thyroid tumors: Identifying factors associated with adequacy rate in a large academic center in the Netherlands
Authors: de Meer Sijbrigje G. A. , Schreinemakers Jennifer M. J. , Zelissen Pierre M. J. , Stapper Gerard , Sie‐Go Daisy M. D. S. , Rinkes Inne H. M. Borel , Vriens Menno R. 
Published: December 2010

AbstractThe goal of our study was to evaluate, and identify factors associated with, the adequacy rate of fine‐needle aspiration (FNA) cytology of thyroid tumors to improve the quality of the procedure. We reviewed 1,611 cytological pathology reports of thyroid tumors of 871 patients between January 1998 and August 2008. The overall cytological adequacy rate was 53.9%. The freehand technique had significantly higher adequacy rates than the ultrasound (US)‐guided technique (P < 0.001) regardless of size, tumor type, multinodularity, or location. Aspiration, performing specialist (endocrinologist versus radiologist), and size were the factors associated with adequacy rates. US‐guided FNA is recommended in previous articles, but results in our clinic were in favor of freehand FNA. US guidance is a way to improve adequacy rates, but we would like to stress the importance of other factors like operator experience, education, and quality control in one's own institution before implementing techniques. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2012;40:E21–E26. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Ferromagnetic Spin Ladder System: Stack of Chlorido‐Bridged Dinuclear Copper(II) Complexes with 2‐Methylisothiazol‐3(2H)‐one
Authors: Kato Masaru , Hida Kazuo , Fujihara Takashi , Nagasawa Akira 
Published: December 2010

AbstractA dinuclear copper(II) complex, [{CuIICl(O‐mi)}2(μ‐Cl)2] [mi = 2‐methylisothiazol‐3(2H)‐one], has been synthesized and its molecular structure in the solid state determined by single‐crystal X‐ray analysis. The crystal consists of centrosymmetric dinuclear copper(II) units in which each copper(II) ion is doubly bridged by two chloride ions and has a slightly distorted square‐planar geometry with a terminal chlorido ligand and a terminal mi ligand coordinated through the oxygen atom. The dinuclear units stack one on top of another to form a one‐dimensional two‐leg ladder structure. The magnetic susceptibility of the powder was measured in the temperature range 3.0–302 K. It was found that there are ferromagnetic interactions along the rung (in the same direction of the intramolecule; Jrung = +5.03 ± 0.03 cm–1) and the leg (in the same direction of the intermolecule; Jleg = +1.96 ± 0.02 cm–1) and an antiferromagnetic interaction along the diagonal (Jx = –1.36 ± 0.02 cm–1), the experimental data being fitted by the numerical calculation for a twelve‐site ladder Hamiltonian. In addition, DFT calculations with the UB3LYP functional on the model complex [{CuIICl(O‐mi)}2(μ‐Cl)2] gave an intramolecular magnetic coupling constant J = +28.6 cm–1 and indicated that the spin‐density distribution on O in mi is less than that on the terminal Cl. We conclude that the O‐donor ligand at the terminal position plays an essential role in the emerging intramolecular ferromagnetic interaction.
Convenient Room‐Temperature, Mercury‐Assisted Synthesis of Tetrazoles by 1,3‐Dipolar Cycloaddition
Authors: Klapötke Thomas M. , Krumm Burkhard , Moll Richard 
Published: December 2010

AbstractThe intermolecular 1,3‐dipolar cycloaddition of organomercury(II) azides R1HgN3 (R1 = Me, Ph) to organonitriles R2CN (R2 = Me, Ph, C6F5) forms organomercury(II) tetrazoles R1Hg(N4C)R2 [R1 = Me, R2 = Me (1); R1 = Me, R2 = Ph (2); R1 = Ph, R2 = Me (3); R1 = Ph, R2 = Ph (4); R1 = Ph, R2 = C6F5 (5)]. The reaction is a direct and regioselective formation of the tetrazole moiety, which is easily performed at room temperature or slightly elevated temperature without a catalyst and furnishes quantitatively the pure product. In addition to characterization by multinuclear NMR spectroscopy, IR and Raman spectroscopy, as well as mass spectrometry, the mercury content was determined. Furthermore, X‐ray diffraction studies were performed, and the crystal structures for 1–3 and 5 are reported.
Performance of nondenaturing micro 2‐DE followed by third‐dimension SDS‐PAGE in the analysis of Escherichia coli soluble proteins
Authors: Manabe Takashi , Jin Ya 
Published: December 2010

AbstractIn a previous paper, we reported on the analysis of Escherichia coli (strain K‐12) soluble proteins by nondenaturing micro 2‐DE/3‐DE and MALDI‐MS‐PMF [Manabe, T., Jin, Y., Electrophoresis 2010, 31, 2740–2748]. To evaluate the performance of the 2‐DE/3‐DE technique, a nondenaturing 2‐DE gel just after the second‐dimension run was cut into 12 vertical strips, each 2 mm‐wide strip was set on a micro slab gel, and third‐dimension SDS‐PAGE was run in parallel. Each of the twelve 3‐DE gels showed about 150–200 CBB‐stained spots. Two of the 3‐DE gels were selected for the assignment of polypeptides using MALDI‐MS‐PMF and totally 161 polypeptides were assigned on the two 3‐DE gels, in which 81 have been assigned on the nondenaturing micro 2‐DE gel and 80 were newly assigned. Most of the newly assigned polypeptides resided in faintly stained spots on the 3‐DE gels, which indicates that the polypeptides were purified in the process of the third‐dimension separation. The comparisons of the apparent mass values estimated from the second‐dimension (nondenaturing pore‐gradient PAGE) mobility with those estimated from the third‐dimension (SDS‐PAGE) mobility suggested the oligomer structures of the assigned polypeptides and they matched well with those described in a database (UniProtKnowledgebase). The technique of nondenaturing micro 2‐DE/3‐DE, combined with MALDI‐MS‐PMF, could become an efficient method to obtain information on the quaternary structures of hundreds of cellular soluble proteins simultaneously because of its high efficiency in protein/polypeptide separation and assignment.
Coastal margin evolution and postulated “basin‐shipyard” area at ancient Locri‐Epizephiri, Calabria, Italy
Authors: Bernasconi Maria Pia , Stanley Jean‐Daniel 
Published: December 2010

AbstractEnvironmental settings on the Ionian coastal plain and inner shelf seaward of Locri‐Epizephiri in Calabria, Italy, differed markedly before, during, and following settlement by the Greeks. Sediment core analyses and geophysical surveys in this study support recent archaeological findings and the hypothesis that the margin may once have served as a harbor and/or shipyard. The subsurface Holocene stratigraphy records that (1) the shoreline advanced to a maximum landward position before Greek settlement, then regressed offshore to what is now the inner shelf before once again migrating landward. These marked coastal shifts were triggered primarily by land uplift and probable subsidence offshore along this structurally active Calabrian Arc segment. Associated with this are: (2) a sediment fining‐upward sequence in Greek–Roman time that indicates only partial protection of the coastal area, and (3) possible presence of subsurface structures seaward of the city wall in a sector now positioned ∼200 m offshore. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
An overview of irrigation mosaics
Authors: Paydar Zahra , Cook Freeman , Xevi Emmanuel , Bristow Keith 
Published: December 2010

ABSTRACTIrrigation mosaics, involving discrete patches of irrigated land dispersed across the landscape, may offer an alternative to traditional large‐scale contiguous irrigation systems. This might be particularly attractive as a means of delivering improved social and economic opportunities for some rural and remote communities as well as better matching land use opportunities with landscape properties. The longer‐term environmental impacts of irrigation mosaics that may impair the sustainability of an irrigation project and the surrounding area are still largely unknown. However, there are findings from ecological and hydrological studies of other mosaics that can help with analysis of irrigation mosaics. This paper provides an overview of some biophysical aspects of irrigation mosaics, lessons learnt from other mosaics (e.g. landscape and farming system mosaics) and the potential environmental impacts of irrigation mosaics. Application of some tools for particular groundwater conditions indicates some of these impacts compared to traditional large‐scale systems. Irrigation mosaics could have both negative (more evaporation and water use, increased operational losses and costs) and positive (filtering surplus nutrients, enhanced biodiversity, preventing erosion, reduced area of impact around the irrigation area, lower water‐table rise) effects on the environment. Copyright © 2010 Commonwealth of Australia.
Stroke in a young patient treated by alteplase heralding an acquired thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura
Authors: Sevy Amandine , Doche Emilie , Squarcioni Christian , Poullin Pascale , Serratrice Jacques , Nicoli Francois , Weiller Pierre‐Jean 
Published: December 2010

AbstractBackground and purpose: Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) is a life‐threatening multisystem disorder characterized by thrombocytopenia and fluctuating neurological symptoms due to microinfarcts. In rare cases, large cerebral arteries can be occluded. Summary of the case: We report on a 30‐year‐old woman with a first‐ever acute stroke related to a right proximal MCA M1 occlusion. Platelet count was normal at admission and progressively decreased 6 days after intravenous thrombolysis with the occurrence of a hemolytic anemia with schistocytes. Most biological anomalies reversed after plasma exchange. No hemorrhagic complication occurred. Diagnosis of initial TTP was confirmed by low ADAMTS13 activity and positivity of anti‐ADAMTS13 antibody. Conclusion: This observation highlights the fact that even if platelet count and hemoglobin rate are normal in the beginning, an acute ischemic stroke in a young patient can be related to TTP. Faced with subsequent thrombopenia, practitioners should be aware of acquired TTP, and, thus, schistocytes, haptoglobin, and LDH assays should be performed. Early diagnosis is paramount to start the life‐saving plasma exchanges. J. Clin. Apheresis, 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Bone morphogenetic protein 2 signaling in osteoclasts is negatively regulated by the BMP antagonist, twisted gastrulation
Authors: Pham Lan , Beyer Kayla , Jensen Eric D. , Rodriguez Julio Sotillo , Davydova Julia , Yamamoto Masato , Petryk Anna , Gopalakrishnan Rajaram , Mansky Kim C. 
Published: December 2010

AbstractBone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) have been shown to regulate both osteoblasts and osteoclasts. We previously reported that BMP2 could directly enhance RANKL‐mediated osteoclast differentiation by increasing the size and number of osteoclasts. Similarly, genetic deletion of the BMP antagonist Twisted gastrulation (TWSG1) in mice, resulted in an enhancement of osteoclast formation, activity and osteopenia. This was accompanied by increased levels of phosphorylated Smad (pSmad) 1/5/8 in Twsg1−/− osteoclasts in vitro. The purpose of this study was to develop an adenoviral vector overexpressing Twsg1 as a means of inhibiting osteoclast activity. We demonstrate that overexpressing TWSG1 in primary osteoclasts decreased the size and number of multinuclear TRAP‐positive osteoclasts, expression of osteoclast genes, and resorption ability. Overexpression of TWSG1 did not affect osteoclast proliferation or apoptosis. However, overexpression of TWSG1 decreased the levels of pSmad 1/5/8 in osteoclasts. Addition of exogenous BMP2 to osteoclasts overexpressing TWSG1 rescued the size and levels of pSmad 1/5/8 compared to cultures infected with a control virus. Finally, TWSG1 overexpression in osteoclasts isolated from the Twsg1−/− mice rescued size of the osteoclasts while further addition of exogenous BMP2 reversed the effect of TWSG1 overexpression and increased the size of the osteoclasts similar to control virus infected cells. Taken together, we demonstrate that overexpressing TWSG1 in osteoclasts via an adenoviral vector results in inhibition of osteoclastogenesis and may provide a potential therapy for inhibiting osteoclast activity in a localized manner. J. Cell. Biochem. 112: 793–803, 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Electroporation to deliver plasmid DNA into rat dental tissues
Authors: Yao Shaomian , Gutierrez Dina L. , Ring Sherry , Liu Dawen , Wise Gary E. 
Published: December 2010

AbstractBackgroundDelivery of DNA into the target tissues is an important technique in gene function studies and gene therapy. Surgical treatment of tooth eruption disorders, such as impacted third molars, is a major healthcare cost. Because the dental follicle (DF) is essential for regulating tooth eruption, establishment of local gene transfer protocols is needed to determine the effect of various genes on eruption and to develop gene therapy approaches for inducing the eruption of impacted molars.MethodsPlasmids containing lacZ reporter gene were injected into rat mandibles and then electroporated at the designated settings. Mandibles were collected 24 h after electroporation for X‐gal staining to evaluate the transfection efficiency. Tissues were collected at various days post‐electroporation to determine the expression of the transgene.ResultsFor the DF, depth of injection and pulse number appear to be important. Six pulses can achieve above 80% transfection of the DF at 50 V or 120 V. For alveolar bone (AB) transfection, voltages are important, with 120 V being optimal. Regarding pulse durations, we determined that durations of 20 and 30 ms achieve the maximum transfection in AB and DF, respectively.ConclusionsThe present study demonstrates for the first time the feasibility of electroporation to locally deliver plasmids into dental tissues. Parameters affecting electroporation to deliver plasmids into the dental tissues were optimized. This protocol could be used to deliver short hairpin RNA or genes of interest into the dental tissues to regulate tooth eruption. Thus, it may be possible to develop nonsurgical treatments for inducing the eruption of impacted teeth. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Controlled nonviral gene delivery and expression using stable neural stem cell line transfected with a hypoxia‐inducible gene expression system
Authors: Liu Meng‐Lu , Oh Jin Soo , An Sung Su , Pennant William A. , Kim Hyo Jin , Gwak So‐Jung , Yoon Do Heum , Kim Keung Nyun , Lee Minhyung , Ha Yoon 
Published: December 2010

AbstractBackgroundNonviral ex vivo local gene therapy systems consisting of regulated gene expression vectors and cellular delivery platforms represent a novel strategy for tissue repair and regeneration. We introduced a hypoxia‐regulated plasmid‐based system into mouse neural stem cells (NSCs) as an efficient gene expression and delivery platform for rapid, robust and persistent hypoxic/ischemic‐regulated gene expression in the spinal cord.MethodsA synthetic hypoxia‐responsive erythropoietin (Epo) enhancer, the SV40 minimal promoter and the luciferase (Luc) reporter gene were incorporated in a DsRed‐expressing double‐promoter plasmid for cell lipofection and Zeocin‐selection to establish a hypoxia‐regulated stable NSC line (NSC‐Epo‐SV‐Luc). A nonhypoxia‐regulated stable NSC line (NSC‐SV‐Luc) was also established as a control.ResultsUnder the transcriptional regulation of the Epo enhancer, in vitro luciferase expression in NSC‐Epo‐SV‐Luc, but not in NSC‐SV‐Luc, was sensitively augmented according to the strength and duration of the hypoxic stimulus and was quickly down‐regulated to a low basal level after reoxygenation of the hypoxic cells. Furthermore, deoxygenation of the reoxygenated cells clearly enhanced the luciferase activity again. After transplantation into a rat spinal cord injury (SCI) model, only NSC‐Epo‐SV‐Luc showed ischemic injury‐specific luciferase expression Notably, the engineered NSC lines kept the neural differentiation potential and retained the hypoxia‐regulated luciferase expression after differentiation.ConclusionsWe propose that NSCs engineered with the Epo‐SV‐therapeutic gene will be valuable for developing a controllable stem cell‐mediated nonviral gene therapy for SCI or other central nervous system diseases accompanied with chronic or episodic hypoxic/ischemic stresses. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Prevention of intrahepatic metastasis of liver cancer by suicide gene therapy and chemokine ligand 2/monocyte chemoattractant protein‐1 delivery in mice
Authors: Kakinoki Kaheita , Nakamoto Yasunari , Kagaya Takashi , Tsuchiyama Tomoya , Sakai Yoshio , Nakahama Tohru , Mukaida Naofumi , Kaneko Shuichi 
Published: December 2010

AbstractBackgroundThe prognosis of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains poor, largely as a result of intrahepatic metastasis. Using a mouse model of intrahepatic metastasis, we investigated whether chemokine ligand 2/monocyte chemoattractant protein‐1 (CCL2/MCP‐1) could potentiate the antitumor effects of the herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase/ganciclovir (HSV‐tk/GCV) system.MethodsMouse hepatoma cells infected with recombinant adenovirus vectors expressing HSV‐tk, CCL2/MCP‐1 and LacZ at multiplicities of infection of Ad‐tk/Ad‐MCP1 = 3/0.03 (T/MLow), 3/3 (T/MHigh) and Ad‐tk/Ad‐LacZ = 3/3 (T/L) were injected into BALB/c mice.ResultsIntrahepatic tumor growth was significantly lower in T/MLow mice. By contrast, no tumor suppression was observed in T/MHigh mice. The tumor‐specific cytolytic activities of splenocytes from T/MLow and T/MHigh mice were comparable. Immunohistochemical analysis of liver tissues showed similar infiltration by Mac‐1+ and T cells in these animals, whereas the proportions of classical activated (M1) monocytes/macrophages were significantly higher in T/MLow mice. In addition, interleukin‐12 production was elevated in these tissues. Vascular endothelial growth factor‐A expression and CD31+ microvessels were increased in T/MHigh mice.ConclusionsCollectively, these results demonstrate that an adequate amount of CCL2/MCP‐1, together with the HSV‐tk/GCV system, may induce T helper 1‐polarized antitumor effects without inducing tumor angiogenesis in the microenvironment of intrahepatic HCC progression. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.