bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Priori Estimates for Solutions to Landau Equation Under Prodi–Serrin Like Criteria
Authors: Alonso R. , Bagland V. , Desvillettes L. , Lods B. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIn this paper, we introduce Prodi–Serrin like criteria which enable us to provide a priori estimates for the solutions to the spatially homogeneous Landau equation for all classical soft potentials and dimensions $$d \geqq 3$$

d
≧
3

. The physical case of Coulomb interaction in dimension $$d=3$$

d
=
3

is included in our analysis; this generalizes the work of Silvestre (J Differ Equ 262:3034–3055, 2017). Our approach is quantitative and does not require a preliminary knowledge of elaborate tools for nonlinear parabolic equations.
Microbiome structure and function in parallel full-scale aerobic granular sludge and activated sludge processes
Authors: Ekholm Jennifer , Persson Frank , de Blois Mark , Modin Oskar , Gustavsson David J. I. , Pronk Mario , van Loosdrecht Mark C. M. , Wilén Britt-Marie 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Aerobic granular sludge (AGS) and conventional activated sludge (CAS) are two different biological wastewater treatment processes. AGS consists of self-immobilised microorganisms that are transformed into spherical biofilms, whereas CAS has floccular sludge of lower density. In this study, we investigated the treatment performance and microbiome dynamics of two full-scale AGS reactors and a parallel CAS system at a municipal WWTP in Sweden. Both systems produced low effluent concentrations, with some fluctuations in phosphate and nitrate mainly due to variations in organic substrate availability. The microbial diversity was slightly higher in the AGS, with different dynamics in the microbiome over time. Seasonal periodicity was observed in both sludge types, with a larger shift in the CAS microbiome compared to the AGS. Groups important for reactor function, such as ammonia-oxidising bacteria (AOB), nitrite-oxidising bacteria (NOB), polyphosphate-accumulating organisms (PAOs) and glycogen-accumulating organisms (GAOs), followed similar trends in both systems, with higher relative abundances of PAOs and GAOs in the AGS. However, microbial composition and dynamics differed between the two systems at the genus level. For instance, among PAOs, Tetrasphaera was more prevalent in the AGS, while Dechloromonas was more common in the CAS. Among NOB, Ca. Nitrotoga had a higher relative abundance in the AGS, while Nitrospira was the main nitrifier in the CAS. Furthermore, network analysis revealed the clustering of the various genera within the guilds to modules with different temporal patterns, suggesting functional redundancy in both AGS and CAS.

Key points
• Microbial community succession in parallel full-scale aerobic granular sludge (AGS) and conventional activated sludge (CAS) processes.
• Higher periodicity in microbial community structure in CAS compared to in AGS.
• Similar functional groups between AGS and CAS but different composition and dynamics at genus level.

Graphical abstract
Sacrococcygeal chordoma with spontaneous regression due to a large hemorrhagic component
Authors: González Tania Marlem Chico , Lam Suk Wai , van der Wal Robert , Navas Ana , van Langevelde Kirsten 
Published: May 2024

AbstractChordoma is a malignant bone tumor originating from notochordal remnants, most commonly occurring at the sacrococcygeal junction. We present a case of a 70-year-old male with chronic pain in the lower lumbar spine. MRI performed elsewhere revealed a large tumor that involved S4, S5, and the coccyx with a presacral soft tissue component. The lesion was heterogeneously hyperintense on T2-weighted images with a thick hypointense rim anteriorly. On T1-weighted images, the lesion showed a native hyperintense signal centrally probably due to hemorrhage. Based on this MRI, the diagnosis of chordoma was suggested. A spontaneous marked reduction in size was observed on a 4-week interval MRI performed at our institution before biopsy. Due to spontaneous tumor shrinkage along with peripheral enhancement, a differential diagnosis of infection or bleeding in a retrorectal cyst was proposed. This case teaches us that chordomas may contain a large hemorrhagic component, which is hyperintense on T1-weighted images and shows peripheral rim enhancement. Spontaneous shrinkage of a tumor may occur due to the resolution of a hematoma within weeks. Biopsy is key to obtain the correct diagnosis. Understanding the typical and more rare features of chordomas is key for MSK radiologists as well as pathologists. Chordomas are typically slow-growing tumors, but radiologists should be aware that intratumoral hemorrhage can lead to rapid changes in tumor size, which may be mistaken for either regression or progression of tumor. This case highlights the importance of considering hemorrhagic events within chordomas in the differential diagnosis when observing size fluctuations on imaging.
Epigenetic silencing of LDHB promotes hepatocellular carcinoma by remodeling the tumor microenvironment
Authors: Zhang Peng , Wan Yi , Ma Jinrong , Gong Jin , Zhong Ziwei , Cui Yuxin , Zhang Hongli , Da Yanyan , Ma Junpeng , Li Chenxi , Liu Lijuan , Gong Tian , Tan Youwen , Zhang Chengsheng 
Published: May 2024

AbstractLactate dehydrogenase B (LDHB) reversibly catalyzes the conversion of pyruvate to lactate or lactate to pyruvate and expressed in various malignancies. However, the role of LDHB in modulating immune responses against hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains largely unknown. Here, we found that down-regulation of lactate dehydrogenase B (LDHB) was coupled with the promoter hypermethylation and knocking down the DNA methyltransferase 3A (DNMT 3A) restored LDHB expression levels in HCC cell lines. Bioinformatics analysis of the HCC cohort from The Cancer Genome Atlas revealed a significant positive correlation between LDHB expression and immune regulatory signaling pathways and immune cell infiltrations. Moreover, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have shown considerable promise for HCC treatment and patients with higher LDHB expression responded better to ICIs. Finally, we found that overexpression of LDHB suppressed HCC growth in immunocompetent but not in immunodeficient mice, suggesting that the host immune system was involved in the LDHB-medicated tumor suppression. Our findings indicate that DNMT3A-mediated epigenetic silencing of LDHB may contribute to HCC progression through remodeling the tumor immune microenvironment, and LDHB may become a potential prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target for HCC immunotherapy.
Outcomes of Implant Exchange and Latissimus Dorsi Flap Replacement After Breast Implant Complications
Authors: Asal Mohamed F. , Barakat Khaled E. , Elsayed Ahmed Adham R. , Awad Ahmed T. , Basson Marc D. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background
Immediate action is required to address some complications of implant-based reconstruction after mastectomy to prevent reconstruction failure. Implant exchange may be simple but poses the risk of further complications while autologous flap reconstruction seems more complex but may pose less subsequent risk. Which of these is preferable remains unclear.

Methods
We reviewed thirty-two female breast cancer patients who had serious complications with their breast implants after post-mastectomy reconstruction. Latissimus dorsi flap (LDF) patients underwent explantation and immediate reconstruction with an LDF, while implant exchange (IE) patients underwent immediate implant removal and exchange with an expander followed by delayed reconstruction with silicon or immediately with a smaller size silicone implant.

Results
LDF patients underwent a single operation with an average duration of care of 31 days compared to an average 1.8 procedures (p= 0.005) with an average duration of care of 129.9 days (p < 0.001) among IE patients. Seven IE (50%) had serious complications that required subsequent revision while no LDF patients required additional procedures. Patient overall satisfaction and esthetics results were also superior in the LDF group at six months.

Conclusion
In patients who want to reconstructively rescue and salvage their severely infected or exposed breast implant, the LDF offers an entirely autologous solution. LDF reconstruction in this setting allows patients to avoid an extended duration of care, reduces their risk of complications, and preserves the reconstructive process.

Level of Evidence III
The journal asks authors to assign a level of evidence to each article. For a complete description of Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, see the Table of Contents or the online Instructions for Authors at www.springer.com/00266.
Neuronal activity induces symmetry breaking in neurodegenerative disease spreading
Authors: Alexandersen Christoffer G. , Goriely Alain , Bick Christian 
Published: May 2024

AbstractDynamical systems on networks typically involve several dynamical processes evolving at different timescales. For instance, in Alzheimer’s disease, the spread of toxic protein throughout the brain not only disrupts neuronal activity but is also influenced by neuronal activity itself, establishing a feedback loop between the fast neuronal activity and the slow protein spreading. Motivated by the case of Alzheimer’s disease, we study the multiple-timescale dynamics of a heterodimer spreading process on an adaptive network of Kuramoto oscillators. Using a minimal two-node model, we establish that heterogeneous oscillatory activity facilitates toxic outbreaks and induces symmetry breaking in the spreading patterns. We then extend the model formulation to larger networks and perform numerical simulations of the slow-fast dynamics on common network motifs and on the brain connectome. The simulations corroborate the findings from the minimal model, underscoring the significance of multiple-timescale dynamics in the modeling of neurodegenerative diseases.
Sample-Based Distance-Approximation for Subsequence-Freeness
Authors: Cohen Sidon Omer , Ron Dana 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIn this work, we study the problem of approximating the distance to subsequence-freeness in the sample-based distribution-free model. For a given subsequence (word)$$w = w_1 \ldots w_k$$w=w1…wk, a sequence (text)$$T = t_1 \ldots t_n$$T=t1…tnis said to containwif there exist indices$$1 \le i_1< \cdots < i_k \le n$$1≤i1<⋯<ik≤nsuch that$$t_{i_{j}} = w_j$$tij=wjfor every$$1 \le j \le k$$1≤j≤k. Otherwise,Tisw-free. Ron and Rosin (ACM Trans Comput Theory 14(4):1–31, 2022) showed that the number of samples both necessary and sufficient for one-sided error testing of subsequence-freeness in the sample-based distribution-free model is$$\Theta (k/\epsilon )$$Θ(k/ϵ). Denoting by$$\Delta (T,w,p)$$Δ(T,w,p)the distance ofTtow-freeness under a distribution$$p:[n]\rightarrow [0,1]$$p:[n]→[0,1], we are interested in obtaining an estimate$$\widehat{\Delta }$$Δ^, such that$$|\widehat{\Delta }- \Delta (T,w,p)| \le \delta $$|Δ^-Δ(T,w,p)|≤δwith probability at least 2/3, for a given error parameter$$\delta $$δ. Our main result is a sample-based distribution-free algorithm whose sample complexity is$$\tilde{O}(k^2/\delta ^2)$$O~(k2/δ2). We first present an algorithm that works when the underlying distributionpis uniform, and then show how it can be modified to work for any (unknown) distributionp. We also show that a quadratic dependence on$$1/\delta $$1/δis necessary.
Deciphering magmatic processes from plagioclase, clinopyroxene and amphibole chemistry and textures: A case study of a basaltic lava flow in the Basque-Cantabrian Basin (Northern Spain)
Authors: Pesquera Alfonso , Gil-Crespo Pedro P. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis paper addresses the study of a pillow lava interbedded with Late Albian-Early Cenomanian sediments that crops out in Armintza (Bizkaia, Northern Spain). The lava flow is an alkaline basalt with abundant macrocrysts of clinopyroxene, kaersutite, Ca-rich plagioclase (50-86% An) and ilmenite, which display a variety of textures and complex zoning patterns indicative of open-system magmatic behaviour. Macrocryst cores are likely to be inherited antecrysts that underwent complex processes under deep pre-eruptive conditions (≈ 700-800 MPa). Microcrysts and macrocryst rims formed during magmatic ascent and emplacement at shallower levels (≈ 35 MPa). Hypothetical melts in equilibrium with clinopyroxenes and amphiboles have trace element compositions like metasomatic vein melts containing amphibole, and their patterns overlap with those of the Armintza pillow lava. This suggests a metasomatised lithospheric mantle with amphibole-rich veins as a potential source for the alkaline basaltic melt. It is even conceivable that the Armintza pillow lava and other alkaline volcanic manifestations of the Basque-Cantabrian Basin were part of the same magma plumbing system through which a series of time-limited eruptions of different batches of magma ascended from the lithospheric mantle to the upper crust during the Albian to the Santonian.
Untersuchung zur Steigerung der Dauerfestigkeit von Wellen durch Festwalzen
Authors: Günther Stefanie , Muhammedi Benjamin , Werner Thomas , Ulrich Carsten , Schlecht Berthold , Hasse Alexander , Brosius Alexander 
Published: May 2024

Zusammenfassung
In der Antriebstechnik bilden die Ressourceneffizienz, die Kostenreduzierung sowie die Leistungssteigerung die Hauptanforderungen. Auf Bauteilebene bedeutet dies, die Tragfähigkeit in den am stärksten beanspruchten Bereichen zu verbessern. Durch die mechanische Oberflächenverfestigung werden die Randzoneneigenschaften beeinflusst, allerdings bestehen derzeit Wissenslücken hinsichtlich der Auswirkung der Bearbeitung auf die resultierende Tragfähigkeit. Derzeit ist keine Methode bekannt, wie der Einfluss der Fertigungsprozessparameter im Tragfähigkeitsnachweis berücksichtigt werden kann. An dieser Stelle setzt ein derzeit laufendes Forschungsvorhaben an. Im experimentellen Teil werden Treppenstufenversuche an unverfestigten und festgewalzten Bauteilen durchgeführt. Das Versuchsprogramm umfasst Kleinproben, Wellen und Pressverbindungen. Verschiedene Kerbformen, Festwalzparameter und Werkstoffe spannen ein umfangreiches Prüfprogramm auf. Um die Tragfähigkeitssteigerung durch Festwalzen vollumfänglich bewerten zu können, werden neben den zyklischen Ermüdungsversuchen folgende Einflussfaktoren untersucht:

Oberflächenrauheit, welche durch Festwalzen in der Regel verringert wird

Eigenspannungen aus dem Walzprozess

Verfestigungseffekte des Materials aus der Kaltumformung

Die erzielten experimentellen Dauerfestigkeitssteigerungen betragen bis zu 63 %. In Kombination mit den Erkenntnissen aus den Zusatzuntersuchungen zeigt sich, dass die Verwendung eines pauschalen Verfestigungsfaktors nicht zufriedenstellend ist. Ein Vergleich der Verfestigungsfaktoren nach DIN 743 und FKM-Richtlinie zeigt die Unsicherheiten in der Auslegung. Da Eigenspannungen in den Nennspannungskonzepten DIN 743 und FKM-Richtlinie nicht berücksichtigt werden, ist das Ergebnis der linear-elastischen Vergleichsspannungsamplitude von 1392 MPa in der Kerbe nicht erfassbar. Hierbei wird das Potenzial des Festwalzens deutlich.
Green PLM: business goals-oriented algorithm assessing the greenness of a product in the new product development phase for the automotive industry
Authors: Rosienkiewicz Maria , Helman Joanna , Cholewa Mariusz , Molasy Mateusz , Oleszek Sylwester , Berselli Giovanni 
Published: May 2024

AbstractSustainability-oriented new product development process is becoming of key importance in many sectors of the industry. Especially in the automotive industry, it plays a major role as this sector is historically associated with resource-intensive production and fossil fuel consumption, and thus has to implement solutions that will contribute to restraint of climate change. Manufacturing companies are currently faced with the challenge of adapting their business models to changing market expectations and requirements resulting from the sustainable development path. Moreover, the development of the new digital factories and pressure from the legislators require adjustment of existing Product Lifecycle Management systems. To enhance the concept of the Green Product Lifecycle Management which is still under development, in this work we propose a new three-step methodology composed of three main steps: (1) assessing indicators’ importance for sustainable business goals and business models, (2) assessing indicators and their importance in the automotive industry, (3) assessing “greenness” of the product. This complex approach is innovative as it is based on the business-oriented perspective. Selecting suitable business goals and corresponding business models leads to the selection of the appropriate subset of green indicators. Several more aspects are taken into account in this holistic analysis: the indicator's features, relevance for the company, importance to sustainable business goals, importance in terms of subsectors of the automotive industry as well as environmental, economic, and social impact. This approach enables the company to compute the value of the greenness of the product in reference to the key green indicators.
Vertebrates and flying insects provide biocontrol services to Australian urban food gardens
Authors: McDougall Robert , Kristiansen Paul , Latty Tanya , Rader Romina 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBiocontrol by wild insects and other organisms is an important service provided to agriculture, but few studies have linked the role of this service to urban garden crop production. In 15 urban food gardens in Sydney, Australia, we assessed predation and parasitism of two sentinel prey species, recorded pest control activities undertaken by gardeners and the produce yielded by garden crops. We observed substantial removal of sentinel prey (mean removal 22% for Tenebrio molitor larvae and 59% for Helicoverpa armigera) but no parasitism. Vertebrate predators primarily consisted of urban adapted birds and mammals common throughout Australian cities. We measured a range of local and landscape scale environmental variables including plant richness and abundance, light, canopy cover, building density and distance to remnant vegetation. We found that gardeners undertook only basic pest control activities with little chemical use, yet high amounts of produce were harvested. Pest control services were poorly explained by environmental variables. Low active pest control activities, and high predation rates suggest pests are either well controlled or in low numbers in the surveyed urban food gardens. Given the vertebrate predators were generalist birds and mammals common to many parts of urban Australia, the provision of predation services to urban gardens by these taxa could be widespread across the continent.
Assessing the conservation and restoration potential of biotopes in a central European region
Authors: Rubanschi Sven , Hof Christian , Weisser Wolfgang W. , Meyer Sebastian T. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractChanging environmental conditions and land use are threatening biodiversity on a large scale, making successful conservation and restoration essential for maintaining biodiversity. Planning of such efforts profits from information about where conditions are suitable for biotopes, to evaluate how likely successful conservation or restoration is at these sites. This study uses the distribution model Maxent to identify varying levels of conservation and restoration potential for 29 different biotopes in the central European region of Bavaria, Germany, by comparing the environmentally suitable areas identified by models with the current distribution of each biotope. We identified a conservation potential when a biotope occurred under suitable environmental conditions and a restoration potential when suitable environmental conditions were present at a site where the biotope was not observed. We found that 69.57% of biotope observations occurred under suitable environmental conditions representing a large conservation potential. Also, 22 biotopes showed more restoration potential than their current distribution and both conservation and restoration potential showed a similar geographical distribution. The approach used in this study can provide valuable insights for conservation and restoration decision-making by suggesting priority areas for the conservation and restoration of multiple biotopes. Further, it could be applied in other regions globally and by incorporating future climate projections it could identify particularly resilient locations for biotope conservation or restoration.
The Ethics of Commons Organizing: A Critical Reading
Authors: Murillo David , Guinart Pau , Arenas Daniel 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
In this article, we seek to explore the different normative claims made around commons organizing and how the advent of the digital commons introduces new ethical questions. We do so by unpacking and categorizing the specific ethical dimensions that differentiate the commons from other forms of organizing and by discussing them in the light of debates around the governance of participative organizations, the cornerstone of commons organizing (Ostrom in Governing the commons: the evolution of institutions for collective action. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1990). Rather than contesting commons organizing or endorsing it blindly, our goal is to critically reflect on its deontological and instrumental assumptions, and analyze the arguments upholding that it possesses ethical qualities that render it fairer, more equitable and sustainable than other centralized or hierarchical models—as well as any forms of privatization. We conclude by assessing the definitional dislocation of the digital commons where, unlike traditional commons, extractability can be endless and generate unintended consequences such as commodification or alienation. Taking stock of recent debates around the digital commons, we open the debate for future possible research avenues on normative claims, particularly under rapidly changing technological conditions.
Cardiac screening in pediatric patients with neurofibromatosis type 1: similarities with Noonan syndrome?
Authors: Kapusta Livia , Beer Gil , Rothschild Ehud , Baruch Guy , Barkay Gili , Marom Daphna , Grinshpun-Cohen Yulia , Raskind Craig , Constantini Shlomi , Toledano-Alhadef Hagit 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBoth Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) and Noonan syndrome (NS) are RASopathies. Characteristic cardiac phenotypes of NS, including specific electrocardiographic changes, pulmonary valve stenosis and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy have not been completely studied in NF1. Purpose: The aims of this study were to assess: (1) similarities in the prevalence and types of ECG and conventional echocardiographic findings described in NS in asymptomatic patients with NF1, and (2) the presence of discrete myocardial dysfunction in NF1 patients using myocardial strain imaging. Methods: Fifty-eight patients with NF1 (ages 0–18 years), and thirty-one age-matched healthy controls underwent cardiac assessment including blood pressure measurements, a 12-lead ECG, and detailed echocardiography. Quantification of cardiac chamber size, mass and function were measured using conventional echocardiography. Myocardial strain parameters were assessed using 2-Dimensional (2D) Speckle tracking echocardiography. Results: Asymptomatic patients with NF1 had normal electrocardiograms, none with the typical ECG patterns described in NS. However, patients with NF1 showed significantly decreased calculated Z scores of the left ventricular internal diameter in diastole and systole, reduced left ventricular mass index and a higher incidence of cardiac abnormal findings, mainly of the mitral valve, in contrast to the frequently described types of cardiac abnormalities in NS. Peak and end systolic global circumferential strain were the only significantly reduced speckle tracking derived myocardial strain parameter. Conclusions: Children with NF1 demonstrated more dissimilarities than similarities in the prevalence and types of ECG and conventional echocardiographic findings described in NS. The role of the abnormal myocardial strain parameter needs to be explored.