bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Borderline Personality Disorder: Content and Formal Analysis of the Rorschach
Authors: Burla Franco , Ferracuti Stefano , Lazzari Renato 
Published: September 2011

In questo studio sono stati confrontati venti pazienti con diagnosi DSM-III-R di disturbo borderline di personalitê, con un numero eguale di nevrotici (soggetti con disturbi somatoformi o ansiosi secondo il DSM-III-R) e di psicotici (pazienti con diangosi DSM-III-R di schizofrenia o disturbo delirante). I pazienti non-differivano in forma statisticamente significativa per etê media. Tutti i soggetti sono stati sottoposti al test di Rorschach, ed i protocolli sono stati valutati con il sistema di Exner per quanto concerne l’analisi strutturale e con analisi contenutistica. Per quanto riguarda quest’ultima sono state valutate le seguenti scale: scale di barriera e penetrazione di Fisher and Cleveland (1958) ; scala di ostilitê (Elizur, 1949); scala di ansietê (Elizur, 1949); scala di dipendenza ( De Vos, 1952 ); scala di depressione ( Endicott, 1972 ; Endicott & Jortner, 1966 ); scala di sospettositê ( Endicott, 1972 ; Endicott, Jortner, & Abramoff, 1969 ), scala delle difese di Lerner ( Lerner & Lerner, 1980 ). Per quanto concerne l’esame di realtê sono state prese in considerazione le confabulazioni e un grado di maggiore gravitê delle stesse. Quest’ultime sono state tipizzate come confabulazioni nelle quali era presente una iperelaborazione dello stimolo, con tematizzazione di una breve storia, abitualmente drammatica, e dove il contatto con realtê appariva completamente perso. L’analisi strutturale ha indicato che i pazienti con disturbo borderline di personalitê e i soggetti psicotici presentavano un numero maggiore di segni depressivi. L’indice SCZI ha differenziato esclusivamente il gruppo degli psicotici, il quale peraltro Åanche risultato come quello maggiormente compromesso per quanto concerne l’accuratezza percettiva. Le capacitê empatiche e di identificazione interpersonale sono risultate migliori nei pazienti borderline. L’analisi contenutistica ha indicato che i pazienti borderline erano differenziabili dagli altri due gruppi per una maggiore presenza di segni di dipendenza affettiva. Inoltre, rispetto agli psicotici, i pazienti borderline presentavano un maggior numero di segni di ostilitê, e utilizzavano in maggior grado rispetto ai nevrotici meccanismi difensivi di svalutazione ed identificazione proiettiva. I pazienti borderline presentavano anche un maggior numero di confabulazioni gravi rispetto ai nevrotici. I dati di questo studio suggeriscono la possibilitê che vi sia un discreto grado di sovrapposizione tra le categorie diagnostiche dei borderline con altre condizioni pre-psicotiche.
Rorschach Content and Coping Type
Authors: Gabriel Theresia , Opgenoorth Elfriede 
Published: September 2011

Travaillant avec le Rorschach dans le domaine du diagnostic clinique, nous constatons que le Système Intégré ne comporte pas les catégories de contenu qui nous paraissent intéressantes dans notre recherche sur les types de coping (en référence à la configuration bi-dimensionnelle en 4 styles de coping, 1993: plutôt anxieux, inhibé, sensitif et très anxieux), ou pour la différenciation des catégories cliniques des troubles de la personnalité, en particulier le BPO (défenses primitives de Lerner et Rappaport, modèle bi-dimensionnel de psychopathologie selon Blatt). A partir de la littérature existante (particulièrement Lerner, Rappaport, Blatt, Levine & Spivak), nous avons élaboré une approche intégrale personnelle. Elle se caractérise par des dimensions logiques et une cotation systématique et psychométrique des contenus au Rorschach. Ce faisant, nous avons observé que les contenus au Rorschach peuvent aisément être différenciés en 3 niveaux: spécificité, identité (de l’objet) et distance dans le temps et l’espace. Nous souhaitons dans cet article montrer comment on peut différencier les types de coping inhibé et sensitif. 1) Les inhibés présentent significativement moins de contenus spécifiques que les sensitifs, 2) leurs protocoles comprennent plus de contenus simples (Humain, Animal, Objet) que des contenus mixtes (humain/animal, humain/objet, animal/objet, humain/animal/objet) et 3) les inhibés perçoivent des contenus moins distanciés dans le temps et dans l’espace. Nous avons aussi analysé les données sour l’angle du nombre de réponses. Nous avons trouvé que 92 sur 257 protocoles contenaient moins de 14 réponses et qu’ils ne pouvaient donc valablement être interprétés dans le Système Intégré. Ceci pourrait être une caractéristique de la population „tout-venant“ psychiatrique étudiée, ou de la population européenne en général – ce qui renforcerait l’idée qu’il est indispensable d’établir des normes européennes pour le Système Intégré.
Thermodynamics and structural analysis of positive allosteric modulation of the ionotropic glutamate receptor GluA2
Authors: Krintel Christian , Frydenvang Karla , Olsen Lars , Kristensen Maria T. , de Barrios Oriol , Naur Peter , Francotte Pierre , Pirotte Bernard , Gajhede Michael , Kastrup Jette S. 
Published: September 2011

Positive allosteric modulators of the ionotropic glutamate receptor-2 (GluA2) are promising compounds for the treatment of cognitive disorders, e.g. Alzheimer's disease. These modulators bind within the dimer interface of the LBD (ligand-binding domain) and stabilize the agonist-bound conformation slowing receptor desensitization and/or deactivation. In the present study, we employ isothermal titration calorimetry to determine binding affinities and thermodynamic details of binding of modulators of GluA2. A mutant of the LBD of GluA2 (LBD-L483Y-N754S) that forms a stable dimer in solution was used. The potent GluA2 modulator BPAM-97 was used as a reference compound. Evidence that BPAM-97 binds in the same pocket as the well-known GluA2 modulator cyclothiazide was obtained from X-ray structures. The LBD-L483Y-N754S:BPAM-97 complex has a Kd of 5.6 μM (ΔH=−4.9 kcal/mol, −TΔS=−2.3 kcal/mol; where 1 kcal≈4.187 kJ). BPAM-97 was used in a displacement assay to determine a Kd of 0.46 mM (ΔH=−1.2 kcal/mol, −TΔS=−3.3 kcal/mol) for the LBD-L483Y-N754S:IDRA-21 complex. The major structural factors increasing the potency of BPAM-97 over IDRA-21 are the increased van der Waals contacts to, primarily, Met496 in GluA2 imposed by the ethyl substituent of BPAM-97. These results add important information on binding affinities and thermodynamic details, and provide a new tool in the development of drugs against cognitive disorders.
Kinetically inhibited order in a diamond-lattice antiferromagnet
Authors: MacDougall Gregory J. , Gout Delphine , Zarestky Jerel L. , Ehlers Georg , Podlesnyak Andrey , McGuire Michael A. , Mandrus David , Nagler Stephen E. 
Published: September 2011

Frustrated magnetic systems exhibit highly degenerate ground states and strong fluctuations, often leading to new physics. An intriguing example of current interest is the antiferromagnet on a diamond lattice, realized physically in A-site spinel materials. This is a prototypical system in three dimensions where frustration arises from competing interactions rather than purely geometric constraints, and theory suggests the possibility of unusual magnetic order at low temperature. Here, we present a comprehensive single-crystal neutron scattering study of CoAl
2
O
4
, a highly frustrated A-site spinel. We observe strong diffuse scattering that peaks at wavevectors associated with Néel ordering. Below the temperature
T
∗
= 6.5 K, there is a dramatic change in the elastic scattering lineshape accompanied by the emergence of well-defined spin-wave excitations.
T
∗
had previously been associated with the onset of glassy behavior. Our new results suggest instead that
T
∗
signifies a first-order phase transition, but with true long-range order inhibited by the kinetic freezing of domain walls. This scenario might be expected to occur widely in frustrated systems containing first-order phase transitions and is a natural explanation for existing reports of anomalous glassy behavior in other materials.
Reproductive strategy of the jellyfish Aurelia aurita (Cnidaria Scyphomedusae) in the Suez Canal and its migration between the Red Sea and Mediterranean
Authors: El-Serehy Hamed A. , Al-Rasheid Khaled A. 
Published: September 2011

The life history of the common jellyfish A. aurita (Linnaeus) in the Suez Canal was investigated by monthly sampling over a 28 month period from September 2006 to December 2008. Young medusae of 2–3 cm diameter appeared during February/March. Growth was rapid. Some specimens of this cohort reached 16 cm and spawned by March/May and then decreased in size or died. Others reached a maximal size of 10 cm by September, after which spawning took place. A few mature individuals remained after spawning in the next year but decreased in size. Release of ephyrae seems to be induced by a lowering of ambient environmental temperature to below 16°C, with peak of release occurring in December–February. A drop in temperature may be the primary cue for strobilation in the Suez Canal. A. aurita seems to be an immigrant plankter to the Suez Canal, and much interest was focused on determining from which end of the canal these organisms were invading the opposite sea. However, the canal itself, along with its lakes, should also be considered as a substantial permanent habitat in its own right. The canal cannot be considered only as a funnel or corridor through which animals pass like ships from one sea to the other.
A. aurita appears to enter the Suez Canal from the south via water currents; to do so it needs to be carried over a distance of 20 km along the canal from the Gulf of Suez into the Bitter Lakes, then pass across the Bitter Lakes before being carried a further 12 km along the canal into Lake Timsah. Transport of A. aurita southward along the canal from the Mediterranean is unlikely to take place during most seasons of the year because it would require transport against the dominant-water flow; it is possible only during a brief period (July–September) of reversed flow. Because the main part of the 80 km from the Red Sea is canalized, passive transport of A. aurita by water currents from the north could occur within a week during the brief period of reversed flow even at the low speed of 0.5 km hour−1. Moreover, conditions (barriers, obstacles and/or links) along the migratory route of the Suez Canal, in either direction, are likely to determine the success of passive transport of A. aurita.
The influence of pressure changes on endodontically treated teeth during simulated dives
Authors: von See C. , Rücker M. , Koch A. , Kokemueller H. , Schumann P. , Ziebolz D. , Gellrich N.‐C. 
Published: September 2011

von See C, Rücker M, Koch A, Kokemueller H, Schumann P, Ziebolz D, Gellrich N‐C. The influence of pressure changes on endodontically treated teeth during simulated dives. International Endodontic Journal, 45, 57–62, 2012.AbstractAim  To measure and evaluate pressure changes in the pulp chambers of extracted teeth exposed to hyperbaric conditions during root canal treatment.Methodology  A pressure sensor was inserted and sealed into the pulp chambers of extracted human molars (n = 6). The teeth were subjected to simulated dives to 4.5 bar in a diving chamber. During the simulated ascents and descents, the pressure within the pulp chamber was measured, and the difference between the pressure inside the pulp chamber and the pressure in the diving chamber was calculated. Each tooth underwent two dives with an intact pulp chamber, with a calcium hydroxide dressing, after root canal filling, and after adhesive sealing of the pulp chamber floor with a composite. Differences were analyzed statistically (P < 0.05) using one‐way analysis of variance (anova).Results  There were no significant pressure differences in teeth with an intact pulp chamber and teeth with a calcium hydroxide dressing. After root filling, however, the increase in pressure inside the pulp chamber was significantly lower (P < 0.05) than that in the diving chamber. After adhesive sealing of the pulp chamber floor with a composite, the pressure inside the pulp chamber was significantly lower (P < 0.05) than the pressure in the diving chamber.Conclusions  In root canal treatment, canal orifices should be sealed with an adhesively bonded composite filling before a dive. The use of a calcium hydroxide dressing after root canal preparation does not disqualify patients from diving.
Nurse practitioners and physician assistants in Dutch hospitals: their role, extent of substitution and facilitators and barriers experienced in the reallocation of tasks
Authors: Zwijnenberg Nicolien C. , Bours Gerrie J. J. W. 
Published: September 2011

zwijnenberg n.c. & bours g.j.j.w. (2012) Nurse practitioners and physician assistants in Dutch hospitals: their role, extent of substitution and facilitators and barriers experienced in the reallocation of tasks. Journal of Advanced Nursing68(6), 1235–1246.AbstractAims.  This paper is a report of a study exploring the role of nurse practitioners and physician assistants, the extent of substitution and the barriers and facilitators experienced by them as a consequence of substitution in public hospitals.Background.  Nurse practitioners and physician assistants are emerging worldwide. However, despite the large amount of evidence showing the added value of these professionals, little evidence is available concerning the role, extent of substitution and facilitators and barriers experienced by them as a consequence of substitution.Methods.  Interviews were conducted and a questionnaire was completed by 43 nurse practitioners and 13 physician assistants employed in public hospitals in the south of the Netherlands in 2007.Results.  Nurse practitioners and physician assistants performed a broad spectrum of tasks, but differed significantly in the time spent and the kind of tasks performed. Nurse practitioners spent 25% (10·4 hours; sd = 5·5) and physician assistants 40% (18·7 hours; sd = 7·6) of their time on medical procedures. They both also performed new tasks or tasks for which there previously was insufficient capacity. Many of them experienced policy/organizational, legal, financial or facility problems in the reallocation of tasks.Conclusion.  Nurse practitioners and physician assistants have wide ranging but different responsibilities in public hospitals. By performing medical procedures and new tasks or tasks for which there was not enough capacity, they function as substitutes and supplements for doctors. However, barriers are affecting the extent of substitution. The challenge ahead is to remove the barriers experienced by nurse practitioners and physician assistants.
The past, present and future of nursing education in the People’s Republic of China: a discussion paper
Authors: Gao Ling‐Ling , Chan Sally Wai‐Chi , Cheng Bing‐Shu 
Published: September 2011

Gao L.‐L., Chan S.W.‐C. & Cheng B.‐S. (2012) The past, present and future of nursing Education in the People’s Republic of China: a discussion paper. Journal of Advanced Nursing68(6), 1429–1438.AbstractAim.  This article presents a discussion of nursing education development in the People’s Republic of China in its historical, economic and sociopolitical contexts.Background.  China has a population of 1·3 billion with about 2·18 million nurses. With the recent surging economic and social development in China, nursing education has undergone transformation changes in the past two decades.Data sources.  Online bibliographical databases from 1990 to 2010 were searched including CINAHL, MEDLINE, Wan Fang Data and Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure. Search terms included nursing education, China and development.Methods.  Thematic analysis and narrative synthesis were used to identify and report themes from literature.Results.  Database searches yielded 1674 papers, and 34 met the inclusion criteria for review. The standard of nursing education varies greatly in different parts of China, because of its huge size and population, with pre‐registration programmes offered at the secondary, associate degree and baccalaureate level. Multi‐level nursing education is one of the major barriers for professional development. There is a need to upgrade the pre‐registration education to at least associate degree level. There is also a need to enhance graduate nursing education at master and doctoral level to prepare advanced practice nurses, nurse scientists and nursing faculty.Conclusion.  The challenges for nursing education development in China are echoed and encountered in many parts of the world. The experience in China and the lessons learned would be relevant to developing countries. Nursing in China must continue to develop in parallel to international trends. Promoting communication and maintaining international links are important for the global development of nursing practice.
Tracing the recombination and colonization history of hybrid species in space and time
Authors: LEXER C. , STÖLTING K. N. 
Published: September 2011

Hybrid speciation has long fascinated evolutionary biologists and laymen alike, presumably because it challenges our classical view of evolution as a ‘one‐way street’ leading to strictly tree‐like patterns of ancestry and descent. Homoploid hybrid speciation (HHS) has been a particularly interesting puzzle, as it appears to occur extremely rapidly, perhaps within less than 50 generations (McCarthy et al. 1995; Buerkle et al. 2000). Nevertheless, HHS may sometimes involve extended or repeated periods of recombination and gene exchange between populations subject to strong divergent natural selection (Buerkle & Rieseberg 2008). Thus, HHS provides a highly interesting setting for understanding the drivers and tempo of adaptive divergence and speciation in the face of gene flow (Arnold 2006; Rieseberg & Willis 2007; Nolte & Tautz 2009). In the present issue of Molecular Ecology, Wang et al. (2011) explore a particularly challenging issue connected to HHS: they attempt to trace the colonization and recombination history of an ancient (several MYA) hybrid species, from admixture and recombination in the ancestral hybrid zone to subsequent range shifts triggered by tectonic events (uplift of the Tibetan plateau) and climatic shifts (Pleistocene ice ages). This work is important because it addresses key issues related to the origin of the standing genetic variation available for adaptive responses (e.g. to climate change) and speciation in temperate species, which are topics of great current interest (Rieseberg et al. 2003; Barrett & Schluter 2008; de Carvalho et al. 2010).
Interaction between the reductase Tah18 and highly conserved Fe‐S containing Dre2 C‐terminus is essential for yeast viability
Authors: Soler Nicolas , Delagoutte Emmanuelle , Miron Simona , Facca Céline , Baïlle Dorothée , d'Autreaux Benoit , Craescu Gil , Frapart Yves‐Michel , Mansuy Daniel , Baldacci Giuseppe , Huang Meng‐Er , Vernis Laurence 
Published: September 2011

SummaryTah18–Dre2 is a recently identified yeast protein complex, which is highly conserved in human and has been implicated in the regulation of oxidative stress induced cell death and in cytosolic Fe‐S proteins synthesis. Tah18 is a diflavin oxido‐reductase with binding sites for flavin mononucleotide, flavin adenine dinucleotide and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate, which is able to transfer electrons to Dre2 Fe‐S clusters. In this work we characterized in details the interaction between Tah18 and Dre2, and analysed how it conditions yeast viability. We show that Dre2 C‐terminus interacts in vivo and in vitro with the flavin mononucleotide‐ and flavin adenine dinucleotide‐binding sites of Tah18. Neither the absence of the electron donor nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate‐binding domain in purified Tah18 nor the absence of Fe‐S in aerobically purified Dre2 prevents the binding in vitro. In vivo, when this interaction is affected in a dre2 mutant, yeast viability is reduced. Conversely, enhancing artificially the interaction between mutated Dre2 and Tah18 restores cellular viability despite still reduced cytosolic Fe‐S cluster biosynthesis. We conclude that Tah18–Dre2 interaction in vivo is essential for yeast viability. Our study may provide new insight into the survival/death switch involving this complex in yeast and in human cells.
Arginine catabolic mobile element encoded speG abrogates the unique hypersensitivity of Staphylococcus aureus to exogenous polyamines
Authors: Joshi Gauri S. , Spontak Jeffrey S. , Klapper David G. , Richardson Anthony R. 
Published: September 2011

SummaryPolyamines, including spermine (Spm) and spermidine (Spd), are aliphatic cations that are reportedly synthesized by all living organisms. They exert pleiotropic effects on cells and are required for efficient nucleic acid and protein synthesis. Here, we report that the human pathogen Staphylococcus aureus lacks identifiable polyamine biosynthetic genes, and consequently produces no Spm/Spd or their precursor compounds putrescine and agmatine. Moreover, while supplementing defined medium with polyamines generally enhances bacterial growth, Spm and Spd exert bactericidal effects on S. aureus at physiological concentrations. Small colony variants specifically lacking menaquinone biosynthesis arose after prolonged Spm exposure and exhibited reduced polyamine sensitivity. However, other respiratory‐defective mutants were no less susceptible to Spm implying menaquinone itself rather than general respiration is required for full Spm toxicity. Polyamine hypersensitivity distinguishes S. aureus from other bacteria and is exhibited by all tested strains save those belonging to the USA‐300 group of community‐associated methicillin‐resistant S. aureus (CA‐MRSA). We identified one gene within the USA‐300‐specific arginine catabolic mobile element (ACME) encoding a Spm/Spd N‐acetyltransferase that is necessary and sufficient for polyamine resistance. S. aureus encounters significant polyamine levels during infection; however, the acquisition of ACME encoded speG allows USA‐300 clones to circumvent polyamine hypersensitivity, a peculiar trait of S. aureus.
Two glycosyltransferases involved in anthocyanin modification delineated by transcriptome independent component analysis in Arabidopsis thaliana
Authors: Yonekura‐Sakakibara Keiko , Fukushima Atsushi , Nakabayashi Ryo , Hanada Kousuke , Matsuda Fumio , Sugawara Satoko , Inoue Eri , Kuromori Takashi , Ito Takuya , Shinozaki Kazuo , Wangwattana Bunyapa , Yamazaki Mami , Saito Kazuki 
Published: September 2011

SummaryTo identify candidate genes involved in Arabidopsis flavonoid biosynthesis, we applied transcriptome coexpression analysis and independent component analyses with 1388 microarray data from publicly available databases. Two glycosyltransferases, UGT79B1 and UGT84A2 were found to cluster with anthocyanin biosynthetic genes. Anthocyanin was drastically reduced in ugt79b1 knockout mutants. Recombinant UGT79B1 protein converted cyanidin 3‐O‐glucoside to cyanidin 3‐O‐xylosyl(1→2)glucoside. UGT79B1 recognized 3‐O‐glucosylated anthocyanidins/flavonols and uridine diphosphate (UDP)‐xylose, but not 3,5‐O‐diglucosylated anthocyanidins, indicating that UGT79B1 encodes anthocyanin 3‐O‐glucoside: 2′′‐O‐xylosyltransferase. UGT84A2 is known to encode sinapic acid: UDP‐glucosyltransferase. In ugt84a2 knockout mutants, a major sinapoylated anthocyanin was drastically reduced. A comparison of anthocyanin profiles in ugt84a knockout mutants indicated that UGT84A2 plays a major role in sinapoylation of anthocyanin, and that other UGT84As contribute the production of 1‐O‐sinapoylglucose to a lesser extent. These data suggest major routes from cyanidin 3‐O‐glucoside to the most highly modified cyanidin in the potential intricate anthocyanin modification pathways in Arabidopsis.