bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
NEUROARCHAEOLOGY – NEW PROSPECTS, OLD PROBLEMS
Authors: Kuznetsov Anatoly M. 
Published: April 2024

The article discusses the main ideas of British neuroarchaeology and American cognitive archaeology as well as their practical implementation. Neuro/cognitive archaeology is a new area of research that emerged at the junction of the social/cultural neuro/cognitive sciences and Palaeolithic archaeology. The basis of this line of research is the concept of “social brain”, which views this organ as a social/cultural “artifact”. Such an interpretation suggests that brain activity as well as another important human quality, mind, should be considered in conjunction with its corporeality and external environment. This idea has been further developed by L. Malafouris in his material engagement theory. He connected the mind with the ability to think and with tools in a process of tool activity. However, for the correct application of this theory, it is crucial to distinguish between ancient tools from natural mediators used by animals. The introduction of this distinction permits to establish an unambiguous connection of the emergence of tool making and mind with the beginning of the Oldowan. The previous stage of development (from 7 to 2.6 million years) was the period of the formation of preconditions for the transition that marked the beginning of the sociocultural development of our most ancient ancestors, which influenced their biosocial nature.
FEATURES OF THE DEMOGRAPHIC STRUCTURE OF THE KUBAN POPULATION IN THE GOLDEN HORDE PERIOD (based on the materials of the Natukhaevskoye 5 cemetery)
Authors: Petrova Kristina A. 
Published: April 2024

The article presents for the first time the results of a palaeodemographic study of a sample of the remains of the buried from the medieval mound-pit cemetery of Natukhaevskoye 5 studied in 2013–2014. Due to its favourable geographical conditions, this region has long been a zone of active interethnic contacts, which was reflected in a wide variety of funeral rites. The archaeological context allows us to divide the sample into 2 groups: stone cists and grave pits. The analysis of the main palaeodemographic characteristics revealed discrepancies in the sex and age composition and life expectancy of the two population groups. The first point of difference observed is the predominance of male burials in stone cists and female burials in pits; the second one is manifested in a uniform distribution of mortality of those buried in stone cists (ranging from 15 to 44 years old) against the background of the pronounced mortality peak at 25–29 in the sample of pit burials. To compare the obtained data, materials from synchronous series of Golden Horde necropolises were used showing significant local diversity.
The Role of the Superoxide Radical in the Regulation of the K<sub>V</sub>-Channels Function in the Coronary Vessels Following Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
Authors: Lazuko S. S. , Belyaeva L. E. , Kuzhel O. P. 
Published: April 2024

The purpose of the research was to study the contribution of the superoxide radical (\({\text{O}}_{2}^{{\centerdot - }}\)) to the mechanisms of the coronary KV-channels functional activity impairment in rats with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The study was performed on 117 outbred white male rats (Rattus, Muridae weighing 210–240 g). To reproduce the experimental analogue of PTSD, the modified model of “a predator presence imitation” was applied (contact with cats’ excrements for 10 days, 15 minutes daily). The PTSD development was confirmed by behavioral changes of affected animals in the “Open Field” test. The coronary vessels’ tone was studied on the isolated by the Langendorf’s method isotonically contracted hearts, which were perfused under constant flow with Krebs–Henseleit solution. The contribution of \({\text{O}}_{2}^{{\centerdot - }}\) to the coronary vascular tone regulation was studied by infusion of the superoxide radical “scavenger” Tiron (4,5-dihydroxy-1,3-benzenedisulfonic acid) in the perfusion solution. The functional activity of KV-channels was assessed by the degree of increase in the coronary perfusion pressure (CPP) in response to 4-aminopyridine (4-AP), a blocker of KV-channels. To elucidate the role of \({\text{O}}_{2}^{{\centerdot - }}\) in the KV‑channels functional activity of coronary vessels, Tiron and 4-AP were infused in the perfusion solution. The concentration of diene conjugates (DCs), malondialdehyde (MDA), C‑reactive protein (C-RP) and interleukin 1β (IL-1β) as well as catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity were detected in the blood serum of experimental animals. The CPP in the isolated rats’ hearts after PTSD was 30% lower at coronary flow rate 10 mL/min compared to the control group. Under the influence of 4-AP, CPP increased by 70% and by 24% in the “Control” and “PTSD” groups, respectively. Under influence of Tiron, the CPP in the “PTSD” group at coronary flow rate 10 mL/min was 52% lower than in the control. In the “PTSD + Tiron + 4-AP” group the CPP augmentation (71.5%) was comparable to that in the hearts of the “Control” group after 4-AP exposure. The IL-1β, C-RP, DCs and MDA concentration in the blood serum of rats with PTSD was 3, 1.6, 3.3 and 3.6 times higher than in the control rats’ blood serum, while SOD and CAT activity was by 27 and 59% lower, compared to control, respectively. In the course of the investigation, it was found that \({\text{O}}_{2}^{{\centerdot - }}\) overproduction due to oxidative stress might be an important mechanism of a poststressor “channelopathy”, which is characterized by the decreased functional activity of the KV-channels of coronary vessels following PTSD.
Pharmacoencephalographic Assessment of Antiphyschotic Agents’ Effect Dose-Dependency in Rats
Authors: Sysoev Yu. I. , Shits D. D. , Puchik M. M. , Knyazeva I. S. , Korelov M. S. , Prikhodko V. A. , Titovich I. A. , Selizarova N. O. , Okovityi S. V. 
Published: April 2024

Pharmacoencephalography (pharmaco-EEG) is a prominent instrument for the pharmacological screening new psychoactive molecules. This experimental approach has not remained a vestige of neurobiological studies, and can be used successfully to complete today’s research objectives. The development and rise to universal use of machine learning techniques opens up novel prospects for the use of pharmaco-EEG data to solve the problems of classification and prognosis. We have previously shown that naïve Bayes classifier (NBC) combined with the principal component analysis (PCA) can be used to differentiate between antipsychotic and sedative drug effects as well as to distinguish among the antipsychotics’ effects. In the present study, we evaluated the possibility to employ this method to assess the dose-dependency of antipsychotic effects. The experiments were carried out in white outbred male rats with chronically implanted electrocorticographic electrodes. As the agents of interest, we chose two drugs with antipsychotic activity, chlorpromazine and promethazine, in three doses each (0.1, 1, 10 mg/kg and 0.5, 5 and 20 mg/kg, respectively). The training set, used as a reference to determine the pharmacological effects of the agents of interest, included the D2-dopamine receptor blocker haloperidol, M-cholinergic receptor blocker tropicamide, H1-histamine receptor blocker chloropyramine, the sedative dexmedetomidine, and the anxiolytic phenazepam. We have shown that the lowest chlorpromazine dose (0.1 mg/kg) can be characterized as antipsychotic with a marked histaminolytic effect, while the highest one (10 mg/kg) exhibits predominantly antipsychotic activity with a cataleptogenic effect. All the doses demonstrated anticholinergic activity, which increased with the dose. For promethazine, we observed a clear dose-dependent transition from antipsychotic action to cataleptogenic, alongside a notable antimuscarinic effect of all doses. None of promethazine doses showed any resemblance to chloropyramine, which probably indicates its anti-dopaminergic and antimuscarinic effects being able to mask its H1-antihistamine effect in the used dose range. In summary, our results demonstrate that NBC coupled with PCA can be used to determine the dose-dependency of antipsychotic agents’ effects based on their impact on electrocorticogram parameters. Further development of this method as well as expansion of psychotropic agent electropharmacogram library would allow for more precise prognosis of pharmacological activity of the agents of interest.
ПРАКТИЧНІ АСПЕКТИ РЕАЛІЗАЦІЇ КОРЕКТОРІВ АВТОМАТИЧНИХ СИСТЕМ КЕРУВАННЯ
Authors: ГОРБІЙЧУК Михайло , ЗАЯЧУК Ярослав , КОГУТЯК Мирослав 
Published: April 2024

Муфельні печі з двома незалежними джерелами живлення крім прямих каналів впливу вхідних величин на вихідні величини мають перехресні канали впливу, що значно ускладнює автоматичне керування тепловим режимом печі. Одним із методів компенсації перехресних впливів є введення в контур керування компенсатора перехресних зв’язків, динамічні властивості якого визначаються передавальними функціями муфель печі (об’єкта керування). Динамічні властивості описуються чотирма однаковими за структурою передавальними функціями, кожна із яких має третій порядок, відповідно передавальні функції компенсатора матимуть 16 порядок, що значно ускладнює їх практичну реалізацію на сучасних контролерах. Тому виникла задача спрощення передавальних функцій компенсатора без суттєвої втрати ефективності його функціонування.
Artificial Intelligence Computer Weapon Based True Research on Corona Virus [Covid-19]
Authors: Hariom .J. Arora Pradeep  Hariom Arora 
Published: April 2024

Electronic torture, Electromagnetic radiation torture, or Psychotronic torture are terms used by individuals who are targeted by this wireless Synthetic telepathic technology or Direct Energy Weapon [Electromagnetic Radiation weapon].
Wireless Synthetic telepathy technology or Super artificial intelligence computers Criminal operators, often actors or often government employees, agents or crime syndicates, use transmitted electromagnetic radiation (Such as microwave listening effects), satellite technology and surveillance techniques.
Wireless Remote Neural Monitoring: Bridging the gap between brain and technology In the field of neuroscience and technological advancement, the concept of deep tech satellite wireless neural monitoring technology has emerged as an unprecedented innovation weapon.
Which has been developed to read and understand the human brain and to interact with the human brain and understand the human body, it is also a wireless direct energy weapon.
These deep tech satellite surveillance criminal operators are using this Neurotechnology and wireless Direct Energy Weapons on a large scale against civilians.
This true research has been done to protect citizens from illegal deep tech satellite surveillance weapon technology and cyber terrorism.
The researcher has presented his research to the whole world in very simple words and in an easy manner.
So that the world can easily understand this research and the governments of the countries of the world can protect their citizens from future man-made diseases and viruses.
Aktivitas Antioksidan Labu Madu (Cucurbita moschata) sebagai Pangan Fungsional Selama Pengolahan
Authors: Nurfitriani A. , Pade Satriawati , Makahilapa Sri Yulan 
Published: April 2024

Labu madu (Cucurbita moschata) mengandung antioksidan berupa beta karoten. betakaroten yang tinggi akan memberikan warna kuning atau orange. Antioksidan pada buah segar maupun olahannya bermanfaat sebagai pangan fungsional. Pangan fungsional berperan dalam menurunkan radikal bebas dan menurunkan resiko penyakit. Akan tetapi sifat dari antioksidan mudah mengalami kerusakan. Sehingga tujuan penelitian ini untuk menganalisa keberadaan antioksidan dalam labu madu dan aktivitas antioksidan selama pengolahan. Metodologi penelitian secara kuantitatif eksperimental dengan tiga perlakuan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya aktivitas antioksidan pada ketiga jenis sampel berkisar dari 54,21% - 34,33%. Hasil pengamatan aktivitas antioksidan pada labu madu segar yaitu sebesar 54,21%, tepung labu madu 46,71% dan pada cake labu madu sebesar 34,33%. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa proses pengolahan dengan penggunaan panas mengakibatkan penurunan kadar antioksidan pada produk olahan labu madu.
GAMBARAN KONDISI SANITASI TERMINAL BRAWIJAYA DI KEBALENAN, KECAMATAN BANYUWANGI, KABUPATEN BANYUWANGI
Authors: Febriawan Wahyu , Yuliandari Inriza , Putri Fika Ardiana , Rahayu Intan Putri 
Published: April 2024

Pembangunan kesehatan bertujuan meningkatkan kesadaran, kemauan, dan kemampuan hidup sehat bagi setiap orang sehingga terwujud derajat kesehatan yang setinggi-tingginya. Cara memperbaiki kondisi sanitasi lingkungan masyarakat, dengan cara pencegahan dan pemberantasan penyakit salah satunya di tempat-tempat umum. Sanitasi yang buruk diyakini menjadi penyebab utama dalam 280.000 kematian. Sehingga menyebabkan 31% kematian anak di Indonesia (Riskesdas, 2007). Terminal merupakan salah satu contoh dari tempat-tempat umum, Terminal Brawijaya Banyuwangi termasuk dalam terminal penumpang tipe B yang berfungsi melayani kendaraan umum. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kondisi sanitasi di Terminal Brawijaya Banyuwangi. Metode yang digunakan adalah wawancara dan observasi. Wawancara dilakukan kepada petugas dinas perhubungan dan petugas kebersihan dengan menggunakan panduan wawancara. Sementara observasi yang dilakukan menggunakan instrumen yang dibuat berdasarkan rujukan teori terkait sanitasi kesehatan di tempat-tempat umum. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian terhadap 5 aspek penilaian yakni fasilitas utama dan bangunan terminal dalam kategori baik, sarana sanitasi terminal dalam kategori baik, ketersediaan lingkungan sehat dalam kategori buruk, fasilitas pemeliharaan terminal dalam kategori baik, ketertiban umum dan fasilitas penunjang lainnya dalam kategori baik. Sehingga dapat diambil kesimpulan bahwa Terminal Brawijaya Banyuwangi dalam kategori baik yakni berada pada skor 66%, tetapi masih perlu adanya peningkatan pelayanan.
The socioeconomic burden of adult attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in Spain
Authors: Merino Maria , Maravilla-Herrera Paulina , Martín Lorenzo Teresa , Arance Juan Antonio , Bobes Julio , Corrales Montse , Guzmán Fátima , Morales María , Mur Carlos 
Published: April 2024

Introduction: The symptoms of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in adults highly interfere with function in multiple dimensions, increasing the economic burden associated with ADHD. The aim of this study was to explore the impact of ADHD in Spanish adults and estimate the associated economic burden within the healthcare, social, economic, and legal domains.
Methods: An economic model was developed from a social perspective using a bottom-up approach, based on the scientific literature and a multidisciplinary expert group.
Results: The cost incurred per diagnosed adult patient with ADHD included an annual cost of €15,652 and a one-time cost of €7,893 (3,035 M€ and 1,531 M€ for Spain, respectively). Regarding the annual cost, 50% was attributed to costs within the economic domain, of which 53% were work-absenteeism-related. Moreover, 28% was attributed to costs within the social domain, of which 74% were substance-abuse-related. Regarding the one-time cost, 52% was attributed to costs within the healthcare domain, of which approximately 50% were hospitalization-related costs. Moreover, 42% was attributed to costs within the legal domain, of which 62% were imprisonment-related costs.
Conclusions: This is the first report on the socioeconomic burden of ADHD in Spanish adults, shedding light on the large burden that adult ADHD poses on the healthcare system and society at large, as symptoms have been shown to impact almost every aspect of life. This is particularly important for undiagnosed/untreated patients with ADHD in Spain, as appropriate treatments have shown positive results in these areas and may reduce its associated socioeconomic burden.
Using Informal Assessments in Project-Based Learning to Motivate Students to Speak Up: A Classroom Action Research Learned from ESP Courses
Authors: Handoyo Futuh , Agustina Lia , R Setiawan , Laaribi Manal , Chuyen Nguyen Thi Hong 
Published: April 2024

An assessment is a way of gathering and discussing data from various sources to gain an understanding of what a student knows, understands, and is able to do with their knowledge resulting from their education to improve their future learning. The purposes of this study were to see the motivation of students to learn the English project suggested in the ESP Course, Business Meetings Project, and also measured the student's success in language skills, especially oral communication skills.The study was conducted using an action research method where a questionnaire, students' achievements, and classroom activities were taken as the data. The questionnaire was scored using the Likert scale rating. Students will respond to this scale by rating the motivation factor on a scale. The researchers employed a pre- and post-test to determine how much the students' abilities had improved. The pre-test and post-test mean scores were compared and computed by the researcher using the T-test technique. The participants were 26 students from the Accounting Department of the State Polytechnic Of Malang. The outcome of this study was the successful implementation of the model. The T-test for the first project showed 62,30, the second project had 74,69, and the third project had 79,30.
Políticas públicas para educação especial na perspectiva inclusiva: uma análise da implementação na rede municipal de ensino de Campo Mourão
Authors: Fernanda Carolina Libanio  , Dorcely Isabel Bellanda Garcia  
Published: April 2024

Este artigo é um recorte de uma pesquisa de mestrado, cujo objetivo foi verificar como a Política Nacional de Educação Especial na Perspectiva da Educação Inclusiva e as políticas públicas inclusivas do estado do Paraná estão sendo implementadas nas escolas municipais de Educação Básica/Anos Iniciais do município de Campo Mourão/PR, suas ações e encaminhamentos existentes. Desenvolvida por meio de estudos teóricos e pesquisa de campo, utilizou entrevistas semiestruturadas com as coordenadoras da educação especial do município de Campo Mourão/PR. Foram analisados documentos referentes às políticas da educação especial e normativas do estado e município da amostra. Os resultados demonstram que nesse município têm sido elaborados documentos normativos que preveem a efetivação das políticas educacionais inclusivas.
Genomic insights into the diversity, virulence, and antimicrobial resistance of group B Streptococcus clinical isolates from Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alzayer Maha , Alkhulaifi Manal M. , Alyami Ahmed , Aldosary Mohammed , Alageel Abdulaziz , Garaween Ghada , Shibl Atef , Al-Hamad Arif M. , Doumith Michel 
Published: April 2024

IntroductionDetailed assessment of the population structure of group B Streptococcus (GBS) among adults is still lacking in Saudi Arabia. Here we characterized a representative collection of isolates from colonized and infected adults.MethodsGBS isolates (n=89) were sequenced by Illumina and screened for virulence and antimicrobial resistance determinants. Genetic diversity was assessed by single nucleotide polymorphisms and core-genome MLST analyses.ResultsGenome sequences revealed 28 sequence types (STs) and nine distinct serotypes, including uncommon serotypes VII and VIII. Majority of these STs (n=76) belonged to the human-associated clonal complexes (CCs) CC1 (33.71%), CC19 (25.84%), CC17 (11.24%), CC10/CC12 (7.87%), and CC452 (6.74%). Major CCs exhibited intra-lineage serotype diversity, except for the hypervirulent CC17, which exclusively expressed serotype III. Virulence profiling revealed that nearly all isolates (94.38%) carried at least one of the four alpha family protein genes (i.e., alphaC, alp1, alp2/3, and rib), and 92.13% expressed one of the two serine-rich repeat surface proteins Srr1 or Srr2. In addition, most isolates harbored the pilus island (PI)-2a alone (15.73%) or in combination with PI-1 (62.92%), and those carrying PI-2b alone (10.11%) belonged to CC17. Phylogenetic analysis grouped the sequenced isolates according to CCs and further subdivided them along with their serotypes. Overall, isolates across all CC1 phylogenetic clusters expressed Srr1 and carried the PI-1 and PI-2a loci, but differed in genes encoding the alpha-like proteins. CC19 clusters were dominated by the III/rib/srr1/PI-1+PI-2a (43.48%, 10/23) and V/alp1/srr1/PI-1+PI-2a (34.78%, 8/23) lineages, whereas most CC17 isolates (90%, 9/10) had the same III/rib/srr2/P1-2b genetic background. Interestingly, genes encoding the CC17-specific adhesins HvgA and Srr2 were detected in phylogenetically distant isolates belonging to ST1212, suggesting that other highly virulent strains might be circulating within the species. Resistance to macrolides and/or lincosamides across all major CCs (n=48) was associated with the acquisition of erm(B) (62.5%, 30/48), erm(A) (27.1%, 13/48), lsa(C) (8.3%, 4/48), and mef(A) (2.1%, 1/48) genes, whereas resistance to tetracycline was mainly mediated by presence of tet(M) (64.18%, 43/67) and tet(O) (20.9%, 14/67) alone or in combination (13.43%, 9/67).DiscussionThese findings underscore the necessity for more rigorous characterization of GBS isolates causing infections.
Geochemical characteristics and hydrocarbon generation modeling of the Paleogene source rocks in the Qinnan Depression, Bohai Bay Basin, China
Authors: Lei Chuang , Meng Lingjian , Tian Zehua , Ma Qian , Wang Qi , Fu Jiang , Wei Yaqiong 
Published: April 2024

Introduction: The Qinnan Depression in the Bohai Bay Basin is lowly explored, where hydrocarbon generation potential of source rocks is required detailed investigation to identify hydrocarbon exploration potential and direction.Methods: This study is based on organic geochemical analysis performed on the Paleogene source rocks. After that, the burial, thermal maturity, and hydrocarbon generation histories of the Paleogene source rocks at various sags were reconstructed on BasinMod software based on reasonable geological models and geological parameters derived from geological analogy.Results: Results show that the 3rd member (Es3) and 1st member (Es1) of the Eocene Shahejie Formation are high-quality source rocks with a mixture of type I and II kerogen, whose organic matter was originated from aquatic organisms under a reducing environment. The 3rd member (Ed3) of the Oligocene Dongying Formation are fair-quality source rocks with type II kerogen and are dominated by mixed organic matter depositing in a weakly reducing environment. Clear differences in hydrocarbon generation were observed in these three source rocks owing to differential subsidence and sedimentation among the Eastern, Southeastern, and Western sags. Source rocks at the Eastern Sag were maturated early and lasted for a long time, which were currently at late mature (1.0–1.3%Ro) to high mature (1.3–2.0%Ro) stages. Two hydrocarbon generation events occurred in the Oligocene and Miocene, respectively, with intensive hydrocarbon generation capacity. Source rocks at the Southeastern Sag were maturated late and lasted for a short period, which were currently at a medium mature (0.7–1.0%Ro) stage. The major hydrocarbon generation event had occurred since the late Miocene, with intensive hydrocarbon generation capacity. Source rocks at the Western Sag were at an early mature (0.5–0.7%Ro) stage and began to generate hydrocarbon in the Pliocene, with weak hydrocarbon generation capacity. The hydrocarbon generation capacity of the Paleogene source rocks is as follows: Es3&gt;Es1&gt;Ed3.Discussion: The Qinnan Depression has high oil and gas exploration potential, where exploration activities should focus on effective traps around depression and slope zones located at the Eastern and Southeastern sags.