bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Behavioral consistency of competitive behaviors and feeding patterns in lactating dairy cows across stocking densities at the feed bunk
Authors: Reyes Faith S. , White Heather M. , Weigel Kent A. , Van Os Jennifer M. C. 
Published: May 2024

IntroductionHigh feed bunk stocking densities can differentially impact individual dairy cows’ competitive behaviors, feeding patterns, and feed efficiency. Our objective was to manipulate feed bunk stocking densities to evaluate intra-individual behavioral consistency across stocking densities and quantify associations with feed efficiency and production.MethodsThirty-two primiparous (130.7 ± 29.0 days in milk, DIM) and 32 multiparous (111.3 ± 38.3 DIM) lactating Holstein cows were housed with 32 roughage intake control (RIC) bins. Each cow was assigned to share 8 bins with others of the same parity and similar body weight (16 cows/block; 2:1 feed bunk stocking density except during tests). Competition and feeding patterns were evaluated via video and RIC data, respectively, at 3 stocking densities (1:1, 2:1, 4:1 cows/bin) during 1-h tests (2 tests/stocking density; 6 tests/cow) following 2 h feed deprivation. Residual feed intake (RFI) was calculated across the 45-d study as the difference between observed and predicted dry matter intake (DMI) after accounting for known energy sinks. Linear mixed models were used to evaluate the overall impact of test stocking density on competition and feeding patterns. To evaluate intra-individual consistency between stocking densities, individual stability statistic (ISS) scores were computed. Correlational relationships were determined between RFI and ISS scores.Results and dicsussionCows displayed the most competitive behaviors at 2:1 stocking density (p &lt; 0.0001) but experienced the highest rate of contacts per minute of eating time at 4:1 (1:1 vs. 2:1 vs. 4:1: 0.09 vs. 0.95 vs. 1.60 contacts/min; p &lt; 0.0001). Feeding patterns were modulated as stocking density increased; eating rate increased (0.16 vs. 0.18 vs. 0.22 kg/min; p &lt; 0.001) as eating time (40.3 vs. 28.2 vs. 14.6 min; p &lt; 0.001) and DMI decreased (6.3 vs. 5.1 vs. 3.0 kg; p &lt; 0.001). As stocking density doubled, individuals remained consistent (p = 0.018) in time spent near others actively eating and tended to remain consistent in competition behavior and feeding patterns (0.053 ≤ p ≤ 0.094). Between 2:1 and 4:1, cows with higher DMI and milk production were more consistent in first-visit DMI and duration. Feed efficiency was not associated with behavioral consistency across the tests (p ≥ 0.14). Nonetheless, feed bunk stocking density has behavioral implications which should be considered in nutritional management decisions.
Outcomes of root canal treatments with three different sealers for 120 fractured maxillary fourth premolar teeth in small-to medium-sized dogs
Authors: Kwon Daehyun , Yoo Dae Sung , Kang Seong Soo , Jang Kwangsik , Kim Se Eun 
Published: May 2024

IntroductionTooth fracture is one of the most common traumatic maxillofacial injuries in dogs and cats. For fractures with pulp exposure occurring in functionally important teeth, the literature indicates that root canal treatment (RCT) is an effective therapy option that may be the remedy of choice before extraction. The most commonly reported fractures in the United States involve canine teeth; however, fractures of the maxillary fourth premolars are more common in Korea, where there are many small-and medium-sized dogs. RCT mechanically and chemically removes pulp tissue and bacteria (cleaning and shaping) from the infected root canal, and obturates the root canal with filling material to restore tooth functionality without inflammation. Various techniques, instruments, and materials used in humans have been modified for application in veterinary dentistry.MethodsThis study analyzed the results of RCT of the maxillary fourth premolar in 120 small-and medium-sized dogs (weighing less than 25 kg) using three different sealers (silicone-based sealer, bioceramic sealer, and calcium hydroxide-based sealer) through a simple application of the single-cone technique.ResultsThe overall success rate of RCT in maxillary fourth premolars was 90.83%, with 8.33% no evidence of failure (NEF) and 0.83% failure.DiscussionThere were no significant differences between the three different sealers. Furthermore, preexisting periapical lesion (PAL) was reconfirmed as a factor in reducing the success rate of RCT. In addition, the working length and master apical file of each root were analyzed in our study as a novel reference for endodontic veterinarians.
Metagenomic comparison of gut communities between wild and captive Himalayan griffons
Authors: Wang You , Zhai Jundie , Tang Boyu , Dong Yonggang , Sun Shengzhen , He Shunfu , Zhao Wenxin , Lancuo Zhuoma , Jia Qiangqiang , Wang Wen 
Published: May 2024

IntroductionHimalayan griffons (Gyps himalayensis), known as the scavenger of nature, are large scavenging raptors widely distributed on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau and play an important role in maintaining the balance of the plateau ecosystem. The gut microbiome is essential for host health, helping to maintain homeostasis, improving digestive efficiency, and promoting the development of the immune system. Changes in environment and diet can affect the composition and function of gut microbiota, ultimately impacting the host health and adaptation. Captive rearing is considered to be a way to protect Himalayan griffons and increase their population size. However, the effects of captivity on the structure and function of the gut microbial communities of Himalayan griffons are poorly understood. Still, availability of sequenced metagenomes and functional information for most griffons gut microbes remains limited.MethodsIn this study, metagenome sequencing was used to analyze the composition and functional structures of the gut microbiota of Himalayan griffons under wild and captive conditions.ResultsOur results showed no significant differences in the alpha diversity between the two groups, but significant differences in beta diversity. Taxonomic classification revealed that the most abundant phyla in the gut of Himalayan griffons were Fusobacteriota, Proteobacteria, Firmicutes_A, Bacteroidota, Firmicutes, Actinobacteriota, and Campylobacterota. At the functional level, a series of Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genome (KEGG) functional pathways, carbohydrate-active enzymes (CAZymes) categories, virulence factor genes (VFGs), and pathogen-host interactions (PHI) were annotated and compared between the two groups. In addition, we recovered nearly 130 metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs).DiscussionIn summary, the present study provided a first inventory of the microbial genes and metagenome-assembled genomes related to the Himalayan griffons, marking a crucial first step toward a wider investigation of the scavengers microbiomes with the ultimate goal to contribute to the conservation and management strategies for this near threatened bird.
Islamic Reconstruction in Spanish (Historical Study)
Authors: Hamzah Saidin 
Published: May 2024

This research aims to reconstruct the history of Islam in Spain, the main problem in this research is how Islam is in Spain. The sub-issues raised are 1) how was the process of the arrival of Islam in Spain? 2) How is the development and progress of Islamic civilization in Spain? 3) What factors led to the decline and destruction of Islam in Spain? The aims of the research are: 1) to examine and analyze the arrival of Islam in Spain, 2) to examine and analyze the development and progress of Islamic civilization in Spain, and 3) to reconstruct the factors causing the decline and destruction of Islam in Spain. Research using historical research methods includes Heuristics, source criticism, interpretation,and historiography. The results of the analysis in this study show that: 1) The origin of the arrival of Islam in Spain cannot be separated from the success of Tariq ibn Ziyad in defeating King Roderic, so this victory became the main capital for Tariq ibn Ziyad and his troops to conquer important cities in Spain. 2) Spain is the most important place for Europe in absorbing knowledge developed by Muslims, both in political, socia, and economic relations and civilization between countries. Europeans witnessed the fact that Spain was under Islamic rule far away from other countries in Europe, especially in the field of thought and science,and other physical structures. this area of ​​Spain flows various knowledge to advance and improve all its shortcomings and even achieve its glory until this century.
التداخل بين الرؤية الإخراجية والقراءة النقدية في تشكيل العرض المسرحي
Authors: د.عبد الرضا جاسم  
Published: May 2024

اﻟﻤﺴــرح ﻓﻌــﻝ ﺠﻤﻌــﻲ ﻴﺸــﺘرك ﻓﻴــﻪ اﻟﻤؤﻟــف واﻟﻤﺨــرج واﻟﻤﻤﺜــﻝ واﻟﻤوﺴــﻴﻘﻲ وﻤﺼــﻤم
اﻟﻤﺸﺎﻫد وﻤﻬﻨدس اﻻﻀﺎءة وﻏﻴـرﻫم ﻓـﻲ ﺼـﻨﻊ ﻀـﻔﻴرﻩ ﻤﺘﻨﺎﻏﻤـﺔ اﻻﺒﻌـﺎد ﻤـن اﻻﺒـداع اﻟﺠﻤﻌـﻲ
وﺤﺘـﻰ ﻋﻨـدﻤﺎ ﻴﻨﻔـرد اﻟﻛﺎﺘـب ﺒﻨﻔﺴـﻪ وﻴﻘـوم ﺒﺎﻟﻤﻐـﺎﻤرة اﻻوﻟـﻰ ﻟﻠﺘﺠرﻴـب وﺤﻴـدا ﻤـﻊ او ارﻗـﻪ ﻓﺎﻨـﻪ
ﻴﻀــﻊ ﻓــﻲ اﻋﺘﺒــﺎرﻩ ان اﻟﻔﻌــﻝ اﻟﺘﺠرﻴﺒــﻲ اﻟــذي ﻴﻨــﺘﺞ ﺨﻴوطــﻪ اﻻوﻟــﻰ اﻨﻤــﺎ ﻫــو ﻓﻌــﻝ ﻴﺘﺠﺴــد

ﺒﻤﺠﻤوﻋﺔ طﻠﻴﻌﻴﺔ . ﻛﺤدث د ارﻤﻲ ﻨﻘﻴض ﻟﻠﺴﻛون اﻟﺨﺎﻨﻊ واﻟﺼﻤت اﻟذﻟﻴﻝ.
ﻫذا اﻟﺒﻌد اﻟﺠﻤﻌﻲ ﻤن اﻟﺘﺠرﻴب اﻟﻤﺴرﺤﻲ ﻴؤﺴس ﺤﻀورﻩ ﻓـﻲ ﻋﻼﻗـﺔ ﺴـﺒﺒﻴﺔ ﺒﺸـروط
اﻛﺜـر ﺘﻌﻘﻴـدا ﻤﻤـﺎ ﻫـﻲ ﻋﻠﻴـﻪ ﻓـﻲ اﻟرواﻴـﺔ واﻟﺸـﻌر ﺤﻴـث ﻓردﻴـﺔ اﻻﺒـداع واﻟﺘﻠﻘـﻲ ﺘﺨﺘﻠـف ﻋـن

اﻟﺼﻴﻐﺔ اﻟﺠﻤﺎﻋﻴﺔ اﻟﻤﻼزﻤﺔ ﻟﻠﻨﺸﺎط اﻟﻤﺴرﺤﻲ.
ﻤـن ﺨـﻼﻝ رؤﻴـﺔ ﺠﻤﺎﻟﻴـﺔ ﻛﺎﺤـد اﻓﻌـﺎﻝ اﻟﺘﺠرﻴـب اﻟﺘـﻲ ﺘﺴـﺘﺒدﻝ ﻤﻨطـق اﻻﻴﻘـﺎع وﺘﺤـﻝ
ﻤﺤﻠــﻪ اﻻﺒــداع وﺘﺼــﻊ اﻻﻓــق اﻟﻤﻔﺘــوح ﻟﻠﻔﻌــﻝ اﻟﻤﺴــرﺤﻲ ﻤﺤــﻝ ﻋﻘﻼﻨﻴــﺔ اﻟﺼــﺎرﻤﻪ ٬ وﺒﺎودﻴب
اﻟﻐﺎرق ﻓﻲ ﻋﻘدﺘﻪ ﻤﺤﻝ اودﻴب اﻟرﻤـز اﻟﺤﻴـوي ﻻﻨدﻓﺎﻋـﻪ اﻟﻼﺸـﻌوري اﻻﺒـداﻋﻲ واﻟﻤﺘﻤـرد ﻋﻠـﻰ

ﻛﻝ ﺴﺠن وﻋﻘدة.
الدرس ) الصوتي والصرفي ( عند الجاحظ )المتوفى 522 هـ(
Authors: أ.م.د.رحيم جمعة علي الخزرجي  
Published: May 2024

ﻓـﺈ ﱠن ﻋﻤـرو ﺒـن ﺒﺤـر اﻟﻤﺘـوﻓﻲ ﺴـﻨﺔ ٢٥٥ ﻫــ (اﻟﺠـﺎﺤظ) أدﻴـ ٌب وﻛﺎﺘـ ٌب ﻟﻐـوي ﺒـﺎرع أﻟـف

وﻛﺘب ﻓﻲ أﻏﻠب ﻓﻨون اﻟﻌﻠم وﻻ ﺴـﻴﻤﺎ ﻋﻠـوم اﻟﻠﻐـﺔ ﻨطﻘﻬـﺎ و ﺒﻼﻏﺘﻬـﺎ وأﺴـﻠوﺒﻬﺎ وأﺒﻨﻴﺘﻬـﺎ ﻓﻀـﻼً

ﻋـن اﻟﻌﻠـوم اﻷﺼـوﻟﻴﺔ واﻟﻤﻨطﻘﻴـﺔ وﻋﻠـوم اﻹﻨﺴـﺎن واﻟﺤﻴـوان واﻟﻨﺒـﺎت ٬ ﻓـدوﻨك ﻛﺘﺎﺒـﻪ (اﻟﺒﻴـﺎن

واﻟﺘﺒﻴﻴن) ٬ وﻛﺘﺎﺒﻪ (اﻟﺤﻴوان) ﻓﻲ ﺨﺼﺎﺌص اﻟﺤﻴوان وطﺒﻴﻌﺔ ﺤﻴﺎﺘﻪ ٬ وأﻟف ﻓﻲ طﺒﺎﺌﻊ اﻟﺒﺸر

وﺴﻠوك اﻟﻨﺎس وﺼﻔﺎﺘﻬم اﻟﺨﻠﻘﻴﺔ واﻟ ُﺨﻠﻘﻴـﺔ ﻓـدوﻨك (اﻟـﺒﺨﻼء) و (اﻟﺒرﺼـﺎن واﻟﻌﻤﻴـﺎن واﻟﻌرﺠـﺎن
واﻟﺤوﻻن) ﺸﺎﻫدﻴن ﻋﻠﻰ ذﻟك .
Ultra-wideband closed waveguide supporting one-way states
Authors: Ahmadi Haddi , Zafari Kazem , Pasdari-Kia Mohmmad , Razmjooei Nasrin , Arik Kamalodin 
Published: May 2024

In this work, we propose a pseudospin-polarized closed waveguide whose
walls are formed by dual electromagnetic boundary conditions. The
structure has a very wide bandwidth so that it covers an extremely wide
electromagnetic spectrum. The proposed waveguide supports one-way
pseudospin states resulting from the establishment of dual relationships
at the waveguide boundaries, and hence the establishment of mirror
reflection symmetry. This provides the proposed waveguide with the
ability to suppress backscattering. The boundary conditions of the
proposed structure consist of complementary metasurfaces which have dual
surface impedances. The presence of these boundary conditions leads to
forming a pseudospin-polarized waveguide having the ability to suppress
and filter the backward modes that may be excited along bent paths or
discontinuities. To the best of our knowledge, this is the widest
bandwidth waveguide that has been proposed so far, so that the isolation
of the waveguide in the frequency range of 7- 350 GHz is above -0.5 dB.
In addition, we use a very precise method based on the variational
method to calculate the surface impedance of the metasurfaces forming
the waveguide boundaries so as to increase the accuracy of the obtained
results.
Bioinspired Quantum Oracle Circuits for Biomolecular Solutions of the Maximum Cut Problem
Authors: Chang Weng-Long , Wong Renata , Chen Yu-Hao , Chung Wen-Yu , Chen Ju-Chin , Vasilakos Athanasios V. 
Published: May 2024

Given an undirected, unweighted graph with n vertices and
m edges, the maximum cut problem is to find a partition of the
n vertices into disjoint subsets V1 and V2 such that the number
of edges between them is as large as possible. Classically, it is an
NP-complete problem, which has potential applications ranging from
circuit layout design, statistical physics, computer vision, machine
learning and network science to clustering. In this paper, we propose a
biomolecular and a quantum algorithm to solve the maximum cut problem
for any graph G. The quantum algorithm is inspired by the biomolecular
algorithm and has a quadratic speedup over its classical counterparts,
where the temporal and spatial complexities are reduced to,
respectively, O(2n/r) and O(m2). With respect to
oracle-related quantum algorithms for NP-complete problems, we identify
our algorithm as optimal. Furthermore, to justify the feasibility of the
proposed algorithm, we successfully solve a typical maximum cut problem
for a graph with three vertices and two edges by carrying out
experiments on IBM’s quantum simulator.
Unilateral Laminotomy vs. Conventional Laminectomy: Which is Better for Degenerative Lumbar Spinal Stenosis?
Authors: Muhammad Jazib Ijaz  , Yasir Shehzad  , Soban Sarwar Gondal  , Fraz Mehmood  , Nadeem Akhtar  , Eesha Yaqoob  , Saad Javed  
Published: May 2024

Objectives: To compare the outcomes of conventional laminectomy and unilateral laminotomy for lumbar spinal stenosis.
Materials and Methods: The results of our research were compared between unilateral laminotomy (Group A) and conventional laminectomy (Group B) for lumbar spinal stenosis using a sample of 60 cases (30 in each group) selected through non-probability convenient sampling. We calculated the sample size using OPENEPI and analyzed the data with SPSS 26.0. For qualitative and quantitative data.
Results: Mean age of participants was 49.7 years in both groups, The sample consisted of 37 male and 23 female participants made up the patient population. Dural tears (5%), progressive neurological deficit (0%), and surgical site infections (1%), among other postoperative complications, were all treated with antibiotics based on culture and sensitivity.
Conclusion: Bilateral decompression via unilateral laminotomy is a less invasive alternative to conventional laminectomy for lumbar spinal stenosis, with significantly improved pain scores and minimized hospital stay. This technique offers appropriate decompression of neuronal components at the affected level with no increased risk of complications.
Keywords: Degenerative, Spinal Stenosis, Unilateral Laminotomy, Conventional Laminectomy
Incidence of Post-Operative Cerebrospinal Fluid Leak in Patients Operated for Spinal Dysraphism
Authors: Raheel Gohar  , Lal Rehman  , Iram Bokhari  , Tanveer Ahmed  , Sagheer Ahmed  , Daniyal Mumtaz  
Published: May 2024

for spinal dysraphism.
Materials and Methods: 80 patients who underwent surgery for spinal dysraphism were enrolled in this study. This study was conducted at Neurosurgery Unit, JPMC, Karachi. Patients from 1 month to 3 years of age were included in the study. Patients were followed for 2 months post-surgery. The incidence of cerebrospinal fluid leak among patients operated for spina bifida was determined.
Results: Mean age was 1.5 years ± 5 months. There were 68.7% males and 31.3% females. 47.5% of patients had myelomeningocele, 41.3% of patients had meningocele, and 11.25% of patients had Tethered cords. Among 80 patients, 16.3% developed CSF leaks. 6.3% of patients were those who developed postoperative hydrocephalus and their CSF leak resolved after the VP shunt. In 8.8% of patients, CSF leaks resolved after suturing the leak area. 1.3% of patients with CSF leak developed meningitis; he was kept on antibiotics and was discharged on the 10th day of readmission. 5% of patients developed wound infections, they were kept on antibiotics, and daily dressings and were discharged within a week.
Conclusion: Most common location for myelomeningocele and meningocele is the lumbosacral area followed by the thoracic and cervical regions. Overall, 28.6% developed complications. 16.3% of patients developed CSF leaks.CSF leak was seen more in myelomeningocele repair patients as compared to meningocele and tethered cord. Most of the leaks can be managed with simple suturing and VP shunts in patients complicated by postoperative hydrocephalus.
Keywords: Myelomeningocele (MMC), Meningocele, Cerebrospinal fluid leak (CSF), VP Shunt.
Improvement and Complications after Two-Level ACDF Surgery at a Tertiary Care Facility: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Sajid Khan  , Akram Ullah  , Bakht Jehan  , Arif Hussain  , Aafaq Ahmad Qarnain khalil  , Mumtaz Ali  
Published: May 2024

Objective: To assess immediate and long-term outcomes and complications of two-level ACDF in patients with degenerative cervical disc disease.
Materials & Methods: A retrospective study was carried out in the Department of Neurosurgery at Prime teaching hospital, Peshawar. Patients with symptoms of cervical radiculopathy and radiculomyelopathy with two-level cervical disc disease were included. Patients with trauma, single-level disease, and those who had cervical corpectomy were excluded. Age, gender, Nurick Grading, level of involvement, and post-op outcomes were recorded.
Results: 27 cases among which 18 were males and 9 females were studied. 21 patients had radiculopathy while 6 had radiculomyelopathy. The mean age was 46 years. Nurick grade was from 2 to 6. ACDF was chosen as the procedure of choice. Follow-up involved the immediate post-op period for dysphagia, hoarseness of voice, and any neurological deficit, at 6 months and one year for outcomes of pain relief, improvement in paresthesia, and spasticity.
Conclusion: ACDF is a safe and recommended procedure for 2-level cervical disc disease in terms of pain relief, paresthesia, and spasticity with acceptable complications.
EGFR-1 Expression in Meningioma: Insights into Gender Distribution and Grade
Authors: Naeem Shagufta , Naz Shabana , Khan Arshad , Afridi Ehtisham Ahmad Khan , Hamza Javed  , Sikandar Ahmed Zahid  
Published: May 2024

Objective: Meningioma is the most common primary brain. Histopathological grading (from I to III) is essential for prognostication and therapeutic decisions. EGFR-1 overexpression has been implicated in tumor progression and poor outcomes in various cancers. However, its role in meningioma pathophysiology and gender disparities remains unclear. This study aimed to determine the expression of EGFR-1 in grade I and grade II meningioma and explore associations with clinicopathological parameters.
Materials & Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at Ayub Teaching Hospital in collaboration with the Neurosurgery Department, Histopathology Laboratory of Ayub Medical College, and Health Diagnostic Laboratory. Non-probability consecutive sampling technique was used to include meningioma patients aged 23-54 years after obtaining ethical approval. Data was collected from medical records, and histopathological examination and immunohistochemical analysis were performed on meningioma tissue samples. Statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS Version 25, and associations between clinicopathological parameters and EGFR-1 expression were evaluated using appropriate tests.
Results: We included 39 meningioma patients, with a female predominance of 22 (56.4%). The majority had grade I tumors (89.7%). EGFR-1 expression was observed as severe 30 (76.9%), moderate 7 (17.9%), and mild 2 (5.1%). No significant association was found between gender and meningioma grade or EGFR-1 expression. However, a significant association was observed between meningioma grade and EGFR-1 expression in grade I tumors (p = 0.049), but not in grade II tumors (p = 0.248).
Conclusions: A significant correlation between meningioma grade and EGFR-1 expression in Grade I meningioma suggests that EGFR expression could serve as a prognostic biomarker.
Incidence of Ventriculoperitoneal (VP) Shunt Infection In Vancomycin-Drenched VP Shunts
Authors: Muhammad Nawaz Khan  , Mudasir Shah  , Arshad Khan  , Sajjad Ullah  , Muhammad Salman  
Published: May 2024

Objective: To determine the occurrence of infection in patients with VP (Ventriculoperitoneal) shunts that were drenched in vancomycin.
Materials and Methods: A descriptive case series study was done in The Department of Neurosurgery, Lady Reading Hospital, Peshawar, Pakistan from 10 September 2019 to 31 December 2020 to ascertain the frequency of VP shunt infections in vancomycin-drenched VP shunts. The patients were followed for 06 months.
Results: A total of 100 patients were included in this study. There were 44 (44%) men and 56 (56%) women. Age ranged from birth to 18 years. Patients younger than 1 year were 44 (44%), older than 1 to 10 years were 33 (33%) and older than 10 years were 23 (23%). Congenital hydrocephalus was the most common type observed in 49 (49%) patients. Shunt infection occurred in 7 patients (7%) within 6 months after surgery. Staphylococcus aureus was the most common pathogen identified in 05 of 07 (71%) infected patients. P value <0.05 was observed in Vancomycin-soaked VP shunts and shunt infection, which is significant.
Conclusion: The rate of shunt infection was significantly reduced when 2 mg/mL topical vancomycin was used intraoperatively (intra- and peri-shunt) in conjunction with a multi-step shunt infection prevention program. This treatment may be less expensive than using an antibiotic-impregnated catheter (AIC).
Comparison of Transpedicular Fixation with Fusion with Transpedicular Fixation Alone in Spondylolisthesis
Authors: Muhammad Idris Khan  , Adnan Munir  , Sajjad Ullah  , Farooq Sherzada  , Haider Ali Khan  , Syeda Farwah  
Published: May 2024

Objective: This research evaluated the clinical outcomes of two surgical methods used to treat degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis in the short term. Fixation through the pedicles with or without inter-body fusion. Utilizing a spinal cage for first- and second-degree condition patients is one of the two methods being compared.
Materials & Methods: A total of 28 individual lumbosacral spondylolisthesis were incorporated in the research. Based on the surgical method and fixation technique employed for their care, they were split into two groups at random. Posterolateral intertransverse bone fusion, transpedicular screw fixation, and posterior lumbar decompression operations were performed on Group A. Conversely, Group B underwent posterolateral interbody fusion via the implantation of interbody cages, transpedicular screws, and posterior decompression.
Results: There existed no statistically significant association in terms of the two groups that is intraoperative and postoperative complications, clinical outcomes, and patient satisfaction, while noteworthy significance was observed about blood loss and rates of post-operative fusion.
Conclusion: Incorporating a spinal implant in conjunction with transverse body fusion results in superior fusion rates and post-operative clinical improvements, while intertransverse bony fusion alone yields comparable patient satisfaction with reduced surgical times.