bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Social media and cost of debt financing: Evidence from stock forum text analysis
Authors: Meng Qingxi , Mo Shenwei , Quan Xiaofeng , Zhang Joseph H. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIn this article, we examine whether and how small investors’ social media activity is associated with subsequent bond credit spreads. We use extensive data from posts/comments on social media 30 days before the bond issuance announcement date to identify their implied power and find that the more posts/comments, the smaller the bond issuance spreads. We further find that information quality improvement of posts increases this negative relation between social media activity and bond cost, and that posts directly related to issuers’ fundamentals and/or debt financing drive our main results. Additional tests show that the effect is more salient when there is a greater demand for information quality or when macroeconomic conditions worsen.
Systematic review of healthcare interventions for reducing gender‐based violence impact on the mental health of women with disabilities
Authors: Pastor‐Moreno Guadalupe , Saletti‐Cuesta Lorena , Henares‐Montiel Jesús , Escudero‐Carretero María J. , Higueras‐Callejón Camila , Ruiz‐Pérez Isabel 
Published: May 2024

AbstractPurposeWomen with disabilities are more exposed to violence. The health sector has a key role in all three levels of prevention of violence against women. The objective of this paper was to review the interventions for preventing gender‐based violence and reducing its impact on the mental health of women with any form of disability.MethodRelevant studies were identified through conducting searches in PubMed, Scopus, CINAHL, PsyInfo, Social Services Abstracts, and PILOTS. Two reviewers analyzed and selected studies. A qualitative synthesis was made.Results3149 references were obtained, among which eight articles describing nine interventions from the USA and the UK. Most were intended for women with mental/intellectual disability and assessed intimate partner or sexual violence. Only one study showed high methodological quality. They were found to be particularly effective as regards improvement of the skills acquired by participants, but the results as regards improved mental health are not consistent.ConclusionOur review shows very little evidence of effective interventions. Further studies are required with higher internal validity and female sample groups with diverse disabilities.Clinical RelevanceGender‐based violence is a highly prevalent problem for women with disabilities, and in addition to being a public health challenge is a violation of human rights. Health care systems and policymakers should take a key role in all three levels of prevention of violence against women with disabilities. Interventions with longer follow‐up times are required. It is also important for interventions to be designed in consultation with people with disabilities.
Methods for studying structural oppression in quantitative family research
Authors: Homan Patricia , Everett Bethany , Brown Tyson H. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractResearchers have long documented the impact of social inequalities on family life. Most family research has focused on inequalities at the individual and family levels, and extant studies on macro‐level conditions have primarily examined economic conditions and specific family‐focused social policies. Yet, an emerging body of largely conceptual research suggests that structural inequities also have enormous power to shape families. Structural racism, structural sexism, and structural sexual and gender minority oppression, and other forms of structural injustice operate across various levels (macro, meso, and micro) and systems (e.g., educational, economic, political, criminal‐legal, etc.), to influence individuals' social environments and everyday lives in ways that may impact how, when, and where people form families. Structural oppression, moreover, may influence relationship quality, caregiving patterns, child outcomes, and various other aspects of family life. Yet, the consequences of these structural forces for families have not yet been thoroughly examined. In this article, we (1) develop a conceptual framework linking structural oppression to family characteristics and outcomes, (2) outline innovative approaches for conceptualizing and measuring structural oppression and describe how incorporating these approaches can move the field of family science forward, and (3) make several recommendations regarding best practices and fruitful avenues for future research.
circMTO1/miR‐30c‐5p/SOCS3 axis alleviates oral submucous fibrosis through inhibiting fibroblast–myofibroblast transition
Authors: Bin Xin , Cheng Jing‐Yi , Deng Zhi‐Yuan , Li Bo , Xu Xing‐Huan‐Yu , Liu Ou‐Sheng , Tang Zhangui 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundcircRNAs have been shown to participate in diverse diseases; however, their role in oral submucous fibrosis (OSF), a potentially malignant disorder, remains obscure. Our preliminary experiments detected the expression of circRNA mitochondrial translation optimization 1 homologue (circMTO1) in OSF tissues (n = 20) and normal mucosa tissues (n = 20) collected from Hunan Xiangya Stomatological Hospital, and a significant decrease of circMTO1 expression was showed in OSF tissues. Therefore, we further explored circMTO1 expression in OSF.MethodsTarget molecule expression was detected using RT‐qPCR and western blotting. The migration and invasion of buccal mucosal fibroblasts (BMFs) were assessed using wound healing and Transwell assays. The interaction between miR‐30c‐5p, circMTO1, and SOCS3 was evaluated using dual luciferase, RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP), and RNA pull‐down assays. The colocalisation of circMTO1 and miR‐30c‐5p was observed using fluorescence in situ hybridisation (FISH).ResultscircMTO1 and SOCS3 expression decreased, whereas miR‐30c‐5p expression increased in patients with OSF and arecoline‐stimulated BMFs. Overexpression of circMTO1 effectively restrained the fibroblast–myofibroblast transition (FMT), as evidenced by the increase in expression of Coll I, α‐SMA, Vimentin, and the weakened migration and invasion functions in BMFs. Mechanistic studies have shown that circMTO1 suppresses FMT by enhancing SOCS3 expression by sponging miR‐30c‐5p and subsequently inactivating the FAK/PI3K/AKT pathway. FMT induced by SOCS3 silencing was reversed by the FAK inhibitor TAE226 or the PI3K inhibitor LY294002.ConclusioncircMTO1/miR‐30c‐5p/SOCS3 axis regulates FMT in arecoline‐treated BMFs via the FAK/PI3K/AKT pathway. Expanding the sample size and in vivo validation could further elucidate their potential as therapeutic targets for OSF.
Standard tests of haemostasis do not predict elevated thromboelastographic maximum amplitude, an index of hypercoagulability, in sick dogs
Authors: Clarkin‐Breslin R. C. , Chalifoux N. V. , Buriko Y. 
Published: May 2024

ObjectivesTo compare standard tests of haemostasis in hypercoagulable and normocoagulable sick dogs as identified by thromboelastography.Materials and MethodsWe compared prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time, D‐dimers, packed red blood cell volume and platelet counts in client‐owned sick dogs with hypercoagulable (n = 36) and normocoagulable (n = 35) states as identified by thromboelastography maximum amplitude above or within the established reference interval, respectively.ResultsSeventy‐one dogs were included. Thirty‐six dogs were hypercoagulable and 35 were normocoagulable on thromboelastography. Using multivariable linear models, prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time and D‐dimers were not associated with hypercoagulability. Platelet counts and packed red blood cell volume were significantly associated with hypercoagulability.Clinical SignificanceProthrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time and D‐dimers were not useful in the identification of hypercoagulability in dogs as defined by thromboelastography.
Prevalence of HCV infection in Europe in the DAA era: Review
Authors: D'Ambrosio Roberta , Anolli Maria P. , Pugliese Nicola , Masetti Chiara , Aghemo Alessio , Lampertico Pietro 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIn 2016, the Global Health Sector Strategy, ratified by the 69th World Health Assembly, set the ambitious goal of eliminating hepatitis C virus (HCV) and hepatitis B virus infections by 2030, emphasizing the importance of national screening programmes. Achieving this goal depends on each country's ability to identify and treat 80% of chronic hepatitis C cases, a critical threshold set by the World Health Organization. Traditionally, estimates of HCV prevalence have been based on interferon era studies that focused on high‐risk subgroups rather than the general population. In addition, the incomplete data available from national registries also limited the understanding of HCV prevalence. The 2016 report from the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control highlighted that HCV rates varied across European counties, ranging from .1% to 5.9%. However, data were only available for 13 countries, making the overall picture less clear. Additionally, the epidemiological data may have underestimated the true burden of HCV due to lack of awareness among those with chronic infection. The main objective of this review is to provide a comprehensive summary of HCV epidemiology in Europe in the current era of direct‐acting antivirals (DAAs). The data included in the analysis range from the end of 2013 to December 2023 and have been categorised according to the United Nations Geoscheme. The resulting synthesis underscores the noteworthy impact of DAA treatment on the epidemiological situation.
The Egalitarian Objection to Coercion
Authors: Lovett Adam 
Published: May 2024

AbstractI develop an egalitarian account of what's objectionable about coercion. The account is rooted in the idea that certain relationships, like those of master to slave or lord to peasant, are relationships of subordination or domination. These relationships are morally objectionable. Such relationships are in part constituted by asymmetries of power. A master subordinates a slave because the master has more power over the slave than vice versa. Coercion is objectionable, I argue, because it creates such asymmetries of power and so creates relationships of subordination. This account, moreover, illuminates what's wrong with blackmail, exploitation, withholding aid, and compulsion.
Multiplex‐genome‐editing based rapid directional improvement of complex traits in rice
Authors: Wei Yidong , Zhang Haomin , Fan Jiaxing , Cai Qiuhua , Zhang Zhixing , Wang Jinlan , Zhang Min , Yan Fengting , Jiang Jiahuan , Xie Hongguang , Luo Xi , Wei Linyan , Lin Yuelong , He Wei , Qu Mengyu , Zhang Xinxin , Zhu Yongsheng , Xie Huaan , Zhang Jianfu 
Published: May 2024

SummaryAlthough thousands of genes have been identified or cloned in rice (Oryza sativa) in the last two decades, the majority of them have only been separately characterized in specific varieties or single‐gene modified backgrounds, thus limiting their practical application. We developed an optimized multiplex genome editing (MGE) toolbox that can efficiently assemble and stably express up to twelve sgRNA targets in a single plant expression vector. In this study, we established the MGE‐based Rapid Directional Improvement (MRDI) strategy for directional improvement of complex agronomic traits in one small‐scale rice transformation. This approach provides a rapid and practical procedure, encompassing sgRNA assembly, transgene‐free screening and the creation of promising germplasm, by combining the precision of gene editing with phenotype‐based field breeding. The MRDI strategy was used to generate the full diversity of twelve main agronomic genes in rice cultivar FXZ for the directional improvement of its growth duration and plant architecture. After applying the MRDI to FXZ, ideal plants with the desired traits of early heading date reduced plant height, and more effective panicles were generated without compromising yield, blast resistance and grain quality. Furthermore, the results of whole‐genome sequencing (WGS), including the analysis of structural variations (SVs) and single nucleotide variations (SNVs) in the MGE plants, confirmed the high specificity and low frequency of unwanted mutations associated with this strategy. The MRDI breeding strategy would be a robust approach for exploring and applying crucial agronomic genes, as well as for generating novel elite germplasm in the future.
Re‐evaluating the energy balance of the many routes of carbon flow through and from photorespiration
Authors: Walker Berkley , Schmiege Stephanie C. , Sharkey Thomas D. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractPhotorespiration is an essential process related to photosynthesis that is initiated following the oxygenation reaction catalyzed by rubisco, the initial enzyme of the Calvin–Benson–Bassham cycle. This reaction produces an inhibitory intermediate that is recycled back into the Calvin–Benson–Bassham cycle by photorespiration which requires the use of energy and the release of a portion of the carbon as CO2. The energy use and CO2 release of canonical photorespiration form a foundation for biochemical models used to describe and predict leaf carbon exchange and energy use (ATP and NAPDH). The ATP and NADPH demand of canonical photorespiration is thought to be different than that of the Calvin–Benson–Bassham cycle, requiring increased flexibility in the ratio of ATP and NADPH from the light reactions. Photorespiration requires many reactions across the chloroplasts, mitochondria and peroxisomes and involves many intermediates. Growing evidence indicates that these intermediates do not all stay in photorespiration as typically assumed and instead feed into other aspects of metabolism and leave as glycine, serine, and methylene‐THF. Here we discuss how alternative flux through and from canonical photorespiration alters the ATP and NADPH requirements of metabolism following rubisco oxygenation using additional derivations of biochemical models of leaf photosynthesis and energetics. Using these new derivations, we determine that the ATP and NADPH demands of photorespiration are highly sensitive to alternative flux in ways that fundamentally changes how photorespiration contributes to the ratio of total ATP and NADPH demand. Specifically, alternative flows of carbon through photorespiration could reduce ATP and NADPH demand ratio to values below what is produced from linear electron transport.
Mental health among centenarians living in Switzerland
Authors: Uittenhove Kim , Rohner Shauna L. , Falciola Justine , Gomes da Rocha Carla , Röcke Christina , Cavalli Stefano , Herrmann François , Jopp Daniela S. , von Gunten Armin 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundGiven the increasing number of people achieving exceptionally long lifespans, there is an urgent need for a better understanding of mental health in centenarians. This study aimed to understand the prevalence of mental health conditions—depressive symptoms, anxiety, sleep disturbances, disinhibition, and aberrant motor behaviour—among centenarians in Switzerland.MethodsData were collected from N = 169 participants via telephone interviews or paper questionnaires, either directly from centenarians or through proxy informants. Half the data were collected during a period when protective measures were imposed due to the COVID‐19 pandemic, and half were collected after the measures were lifted.ResultsMental health conditions were prevalent in our sample, particularly depressive symptoms (44.51%) and anxiety (42.17%). Significant positive associations were found between depressive symptoms and anxiety, and between disinhibition and aberrant motor behaviour. Furthermore, we identified statistical predictors for the occurrence of mental health conditions. Notably, institutionalised living increased the odds of depressive symptomatology, while those with higher education levels or an absence of cognitive impairment experienced more sleep disturbances. Finally, cognitive impairment was linked to increased disinhibition and aberrant motor behaviour.ConclusionsThe high prevalence of mental health conditions underscores the need for proactive mental health care strategies in advanced old age. Moreover, it is vital to consider the interconnected nature of mental health conditions and to prioritise vulnerable groups, such as centenarians in institutional settings.
Learning Style Approaches in Christian Education
Authors: Ma Yan 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACTLearning style theories suggest that individual learners may have different ways of learning and will probably learn better with their preferred learning methods. Educators in almost all fields are increasingly aware of the importance of adopting learning style approaches, which requires instructors to understand the diverse learning styles of students and adapt their teaching strategies to accommodate various learning styles. Given the existence of diverse learning styles, it is impossible to have any single correct way to learn or to teach. However, instructors can provide students with a beneficial and rewarding learning experience by accommodating various learning styles. As the research in the field of learning styles testifies, students will benefit from learning style approaches that are properly adopted. In various areas of Christian education, Christian instructors are also able to make use of learning style approaches to facilitate the learning process of their students.
The additive function of YIGE2 and YIGE1 in regulating maize ear length
Authors: Liu Yu , Li Huinan , Liu Jie , Wang Yuebin , Jiang Chenglin , Zhou Ziqi , Zhuo Lin , Li Wenqiang , Fernie Alisdair R. , Jackson David , Yan Jianbing , Luo Yun 
Published: May 2024

SUMMARYEar length (EL) is a key trait that greatly contributes to yield in maize. Although dozens of EL quantitative trait loci have been mapped, very few causal genes have been cloned, and the molecular mechanisms remain largely unknown. Our previous study showed that YIGE1 is involved in sugar and auxin pathways to regulate ear inflorescence meristem (IM) development and thus affects EL in maize. Here, we reveal that YIGE2, the paralog of YIGE1, regulates maize ear development and EL through auxin pathway. Knockout of YIGE2 causes a significant decrease of auxin level, IM length, floret number, EL, and grain yield. yige1 yige2 double mutants had even shorter IM and ears implying that these two genes redundantly regulate IM development and EL. The genes controlling auxin levels are differential expressed in yige1 yige2 double mutants, leading to lower auxin level. These results elucidated the critical role of YIGE2 and the redundancy between YIGE2 and YIGE1 in maize ear development, providing a new genetic resource for maize yield improvement.
Estimating waiting time for compatible blood: A Negative Binomial approach
Authors: Baskin Leland B. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractObjectivesScreening blood units for compatibility constitutes a Bernoulli series. Estimating the number of units needed to be screened represents a classic waiting time problem that may be resolved using the Negative Binomial Distribution. The currently recommended method for estimating the number of units screened, n, to find a required number of compatible units, r, with a given probability, p, is n = r/p. This coincides with the mean of the Negative Binomial Distribution so that the actual number of units screened will often be underestimated by the current method.MethodsThe cumulative distribution function of the Negative Binomial Distribution provides the probability of success (compatibility), F(n;r,p), as a function of the number of trials performed (attempted crossmatches), n, the probability of success on each trial, p, and the number of successes (compatible units) required, r. Choosing a threshold cumulative probability sufficiently high, such as F ~ 0.9, for example, will provide confidence that the projected number of units screened will be underestimated less often (~10% of the time).ResultsWith F ≥ 0.9, the estimated number of attempted crossmatches ranges from 1.3 to 2.3 times as many as the number calculated by the current method. As a rule of thumb approximately 1.6 times the current estimated number provides a similar estimate (n ~ 1.6∙r/p).ConclusionsWaiting time underestimation will be reduced significantly by using the Negative Binomial Distribution solution and should be accompanied by improved customer satisfaction.
Vascularity evaluation of the equine tarsocrural and proximal intertarsal joint septum, and comparative analysis of two arthroscopic transection techniques
Authors: Labordère Alexandra L. , Ruzickova Pavlina , Kamus Louis J. , Beauchamp Guy , Malo Alexia , Richard Hélène , Laverty Sheila 
Published: May 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate vascularity of the synovial membrane covered septum (SMS) separating the tarsocrural (TC) and proximal intertarsal (PIT) joints (Part 1) and compare two methods of transection, electrosurgical or Ferris Smith rongeur (FS rongeur) (Part 2).Study designExperimental study.Sample populationPart 1, 10 SMS (n = 5 horses). Part 2, six horses (n = 12 tarsi).MethodsIn part 1, SMS harvested postmortem were each divided into eight regions of interest (ROIs), processed for histology, and immunostained with anti‐α‐actin antibody for blood vessel identification. Vascular density was calculated for each ROI. Data was compared within and between horses. In part 2, six horses underwent TC arthroscopy. Each limb was randomly assigned to undergo either electrosurgical or FS rongeur SMS transection. SMS transection and total operative time were recorded. Intraoperative hemorrhage was scored. Data was compared between both techniques.ResultsSignificant interindividual variations in SMS vascular density were detected (p = .02), but there were no differences among ROIs. No differences in the transection time were detected between electrosurgery (4.83 ± 0.54 min) and FS rongeur (4.33 ± 0.67 min). No differences were found in intraoperative hemorrhage scores between techniques.ConclusionVascularity within the SMS varies among horses but not within its regions. Electrosurgical or FS rongeur transection of the medial SMS during tarsocrural arthroscopy is a rapid technique and improves surgical access to the dorsal compartment of the PIT.
Design, Fabrication, and Testing of a Novel Thermally Actuated Tesla Valve: A Hybrid Microvalve
Authors: Lee Jonghyun , Bamido Alaba , Thyagarajan Ashok , Shettigar Nandan , Banerjee Debjyoti 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
A novel thermally actuated hybrid microvalve (similar to a Tesla valve configuration) was designed, fabricated, assembled, and tested using soft lithography-based approaches. The modified design integrates the “normally open and closed” hybrid configurations of Tesla valves with a thermo-pneumatic (or thermal-hydraulic) actuator microfabricated in situ that modulates the diodicity of the microvalve apparatus in the microfluidic chip. Diodicity (Di) is defined as the ratio of flowrate in the forward direction to that of the reverse direction (for a constant value of pressure drop that is imposed on a microvalve device). The results from the study successfully demonstrated the operation of an array of Tesla Valves that are normally open in forward direction and marginally closed in reverse direction at room temperature (i.e., with Di &gt; 1, the flow resistance values were different when the inlet and outlet ports were swapped). When the microfluidic chip was heated (at steady-state conditions with a nominal temperature of ∼30 °C), the diodicity virtually vanished (i.e., Di ≈ 1) resulting in both reverse and forward directions being normally open (or having the same flow resistance irrespective of the flow direction).