bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Buchwald–Hartwig Coupling/Michael Addition Reactions: One‐Pot Synthesis of 1,2‐Disubstituted 4‐Quinolones from Chalcones and Primary Amines
Authors: Fei Xiang‐Dong , Zhou Zhou , Li Wen , Zhu Yong‐Ming , Shen Jing‐Kang 
Published: April 2012

AbstractThe Buchwald–Hartwig coupling/Michael addition sequence has been successfully applied to the synthesis of functionalized 1,2‐disubstituted 4‐quinolones using Pd(OAc)2 as a catalyst and PPh3 as a ligand. Under these conditions, the intermediate products first formed from chalcones and primary amines underwent catalytic dehydrogenation to yield the 1,2‐disubstituted 4‐quinolones.
Capacitive Chemical Sensor for Thiopental Assay Based on Electropolymerized Molecularly Imprinted Polymer
Authors: Najafi Mostafa , Baghbanan Amin Azam 
Published: April 2012

AbstractA novel capacitive sensor based on electropolymerized molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) for thiopental detection is described. The molecularly imprinted film as a recognition element was prepared by electropolymerization of phenol on a gold electrode in the presence of thiopental (template). Cyclic voltammetry and capacitive measurements were used for characterization and evaluation of the polymeric film. The template molecules were removed from the modified electrode surface by washing with an ethanol:water solution. The sensor’s linear response range was between 3 and 20 µM, with a detection limit of 0.6 µM. The proposed sensor exhibited good selectivity, reproducibility. Satisfactory results were obtained in the direct detection of real samples.
Fabrication and Characterization of Anode‐Supported Low‐Temperature SOFC Based on Gd‐Doped Ceria Electrolyte
Authors: Fu C. , Ge X. , Chan S. H. , Liu Q. 
Published: April 2012

AbstractLarge‐size, 9.5 cm × 9.5 cm, Ni‐Gd0.1Ce0.9O1.95 (Ni‐GDC) anode‐supported solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) has been successfully fabricated with NiO‐GDC anode substrate prepared by tape casting method and thin‐film GDC electrolyte fabricated by screen‐printing method. Influence of the sintering shrinkage behavior of NiO‐GDC anode substrate on the densification of thin GDC electrolyte film and on the flatness of the co‐sintered electrolyte/anode bi‐layer was studied. The increase in the pore‐former content in the anode substrate improved the densification of GDC electrolyte film. Pre‐sintering temperature of the anode substrate was optimized to obtain a homogeneous electrolyte film, significantly reducing the mismatch between the electrolyte and anode substrate and improving the electrolyte quality. Dense GDC electrolyte film and flat electrolyte/anode bi‐layer can be fabricated by adding 10 wt.% of pore‐former into the composite anode and pre‐sintering it at 1,100 °C for 2 h. Composite cathode, La0.6Sr0.4Fe0.8Co0.2O3, and GDC (LSCF‐GDC), was screen‐printed on the as‐prepared electrolyte surface and sintered to form a complete single cell. The maximum power density of the single cell reached 497 mW cm–2 at 600 °C and 953 mW cm–2 at 650 °C with hydrogen as fuel and air as oxidant.
Malignant melanoma of the head and neck: A multi‐institutional retrospective analysis of cases in Northern Japan
Authors: Shiga Kiyoto , Ogawa Takenori , Kobayashi Toshimitsu , Ueda Seigo , Kondo Atsushi , Nanba Atsushi , Kuwashima Shigeru , Asada Yukinori , Suzuki Seigo , Nagahashi Tatsumi , Takahashi Masafumi , Suzuki Masahiro , Ishida Akihiro , Watanabe Kenichi , Harabuchi Yasuaki , Himi Tetsuo , Sinkawa Hideichi , Sato Hiroaki , Saijo Shigeru , Fukuda Satoshi , Tanaka Katsuhiko , Ishikawa Kazuo , Omori Koichi , Aoyagi Masaru , Hashimoto Sho 
Published: April 2012

AbstractBackgroundMucosal melanoma of the head and neck is rare and is associated with a poor prognoses because of locoregional failure and distant metastasis. The aim of our study was to review the characteristics of these patients in northern Japan and to analyze their outcomes.MethodsThe medical records of 94 patients who had been provided initial treatment in 12 institutes from 1998 to 2007 were reviewed.ResultsWhen the 5‐year overall survival rates of patients were evaluated, we found that the survival rates of patients treated by chemotherapy were significantly lower than those of patients treated by surgery or radiation. The survival rates of the single‐treatment modality, 2‐modality, and ≥3‐modality groups were 23.4%, 38.0%, and 33.6%, respectively.ConclusionOur results suggest that patients who underwent combined treatment had better prognoses. However, we found that chemotherapy had no additional survival benefits. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2012
A Qualitative Design Approach for Exploring the Use of Medication and Health Care Devices among Elderly Persons
Authors: Liang Sheau‐Farn Max , Rau Pei‐Luen Patrick , Zhou Jia , Huang Eva 
Published: April 2012

AbstractAn academia–industry collaborative research project regarding design for elderly persons was initiated to investigate their living needs and potential design opportunities for new technologies and products. In the first year, a qualitative design approach for exploring their use of medication and health care devices was proposed. First, a user study was conducted using self‐reporting, observation, and interview methods. Four personas representing different lifestyle patterns of elderly persons were then derived from the user study data. Finally, four designers were invited to present and synthesize their design ideas for those personas. Results showed that the user study could reveal considerable information and that the persona method was effective for designers to communicate their ideas and concentrate on user requirements. The study findings suggested that, for design for elderly persons, social and affective factors can be considered with decline in age‐related abilities. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
An Integrated Model for Customer Relationship Management: An Analysis and Empirical Study
Authors: Cheng Lai‐Yu , Yang Ching‐Chow , Teng Hui‐Ming 
Published: April 2012

AbstractEnsuring customer satisfaction and maintaining long‐term relationships with customers have become essential for survival among competitive service industries. The present study addresses this need by proposing a conceptually integrated four‐phase model that incorporates elements of customer relationship management (CRM) and customer satisfaction (represented by the extended American Customer Satisfaction Index model). Then, this study formulates structural equation modeling to test various research hypotheses related to the effect of the CRM initiative. An empirical study of 143 leading Taiwanese service firms distributed among seven service industries was conducted. The implementation levels of various constructs, input (customer knowledge), service provision (customer interactions), output quality, perceived quality, perceived value, perception of customer satisfaction, customer loyalty, purchasing intention, and profits of CRM are assessed in a range of service industries by means of a questionnaire survey and in‐depth interviews. The results of the empirical study reveal statistically significant influences among various constructs of the CRM integrated model. These results also represent a useful reference for managers of service organizations that could be used to improve the profitability and implementation level of CRM. The present study represents an important investigation in the development of an integrated CRM implementation system for service industries. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
EVALUATION OF FERTIGATION IN DIFFERENT SOILS AND FURROW IRRIGATION REGIMES
Authors: Abbasi Fariborz , Rezaee Heidar Taifeh , Jolaini Mohammad , Alizadeh Hamzeh Ali 
Published: April 2012

ABSTRACTThe application of plant nutrients with irrigation water (fertigation) is a cost‐effective and efficient method for fertilizer application to enhance crop production and reduce potential environmental problems in comparison to conventional methods. In this study, the distribution uniformity of fertigation and fertilizer losses through runoff and deep percolation were evaluated at field scale in different furrow irrigation regimes and soils. A numerical fertigation model was calibrated and validated. Experiments were carried out in three soil textures and potassium nitrate was injected during the first half of the irrigation (FH), in the second half (SH) and during the entire irrigation event (T). These options were conducted under free‐draining and blocked‐end conditions with a cutback method. The distribution uniformities of low half (DULH) and low quarter (DULQ) of water and fertilizer were calculated to evaluate different fertigation scenarios. There were no significant differences among distribution uniformities in the three fertilizer application treatments (FH, SH, T). However, injection in the first half and during the entire irrigation event was better in terms of distribution uniformity and infiltrated fertilizer. The best case in blocked‐end conditions was injection in the second half of the irrigation event, preferably starting before completion of the advanced phase. In this case, fertilizer losses due to runoff from the outlet were zero and distribution uniformity was somewhat higher, whereas in free‐drainage conditions, fertilizer application during the first half of the irrigation provided acceptable fertilizer uniformity and lower fertilizer losses due to runoff. No significant difference was observed between the distribution uniformity of free‐drainage and blocked‐end experiments. A fertigation model was applied to the experimental data and the results showed good agreement with the field data. Measurements also showed that water and fertilizer losses due to deep percolation in fertigation was not a concern when proper irrigation parameters were selected, such as inflow rate. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
WASHINGTON FLASHES
Authors: Baer Max F. 
Published: April 2012

Some history: Number of women employed by federal government rose sharply during World War I, but postwar retrenchment showed that women's permanent gains were largely in clerical occupations. World War II opened doors to virtually all professional fields as well. Women are now found in four‐fifths of all occupations in federal government, including such fields as lighthouse keepers, park archeologists, draftsmen, medical officers, and rural mail carriers. There are now about 576,000 women employed by Uncle Sam. In classified service, there are 25,500 at grade GS‐9 and above.Occupational distribution: Women predominate today in several occupations and in some bureaus of federal agencies. They outnumber men in three broad occupational groups: personnel administration, mathematics and statistics, and library and archives. Counting classified positions only, they outnumber men in two additional groups: accounting and budget, and general administrative, clerical, and office services. There are more women than men as nurses, dietitians, librarians, social workers, stenographers, typists, and telephone operators. Many women workers are concentrated in Children's Bureau of Department of Labor and in Human Nutrition Research and Household Economics Research Divisions of Department of Agriculture. Women in federal white‐collar jobs have increased by more than 20,000 since 1954, mainly in fields of accounting and budget, business and industry, biological and physical sciences, education, law, and mathematics and statistics.
THE REFERRAL TASK IN COUNSELING
Authors: RAMSEY GLENN V. 
Published: April 2012

Every professional worker whose role is to help other people frequently encounters cases which, for one reason or another, involve the referral aspect of counseling. This is true regardless of the amount of training or experience of the counselor. This referral task often presents many complex issues and problems which are not easily resolved. The challenge of this responsibility is felt by ministers, lawyers, social workers, mental health specialists, psychologists, and other professionals who are in a service or helping relationship with persons. There are no easy rules to follow or prescribed ways of handling this important aspect of the counseling relationship, but some contribution may be made by considering some of the issues and problems which are involved in the referral process.Referral is an old, recognized, and frequently used aspect of counseling, but a survey of the literature shows that it is a much neglected topic. It is only meagerly treated in training textbooks and professional journals and almost totally neglected as an area of research. The field of social work has given the most extensive treatment to the subject.
REHABILITATION COUNSELING: With Cardiac Children
Authors: KIR‐STIMON WILLIAM 
Published: April 2012

The Rehabilitation Institute of Chicago, the Chicago public schools, and the Chicago Heart Association recently concluded a five‐year pilot study designed to serve children with rheumatic or congenital heart disease. Entitled the Vocational Guidance and Counseling Project, the program has been an attempt to assist the individual schools in their handling of cardiac cases and effort to provide for the disabled youngster in grades 7 to 12 the coordinated services of a “rehabilitation team.”Ten years ago a cardiologist and later on a teacher‐nurse were assigned to the Bureau of Health Services. Since that time, cardiac case‐finding and reviews of cardiac children have continued to be a part of the program, with initial contacts now made by over one hundred teacher‐nurses in the school system. Provision was originally made for cardiac children in the special schools, but the project was then extended to children with heart disease in the regular schools. Because of increased value placed upon the service by high school personnel the program was expanded from the 10th to include the 11th and 12th grade students, with fewer being referred from the lower grades. The Heart Association for a while employed a social worker to coordinate activities and do follow‐up, including such field work as was necessary. In the last half of the program, follow‐up was done by the individual schools concerned and only occasionally by the Institute [1, 3, 4]
THE ADVANCED PLACEMENT PROGRAM IN THE CINCINNATI PUBLIC SCHOOLS
Authors: RALSTON NANCY C. 
Published: April 2012

The Advanced Placement Program, now sponsored by the College Entrance Examination Board, provides the opportunity for able and ambitious students to take college level courses in the secondary schools. The Cincinnati Public Schools have been involved with the Advanced Placement Program since its inception in 1955 and have, therefore, faced the responsibility of selecting capable candidates for participation for several years.This study involved, primarily, a look at the procedures for selection which have been used since the first participants were chosen in the Cincinnati schools in an attempt to discover those characteristics which most accurately identify the students who benefit from advanced placement experience.
A Vocational Development Program for Welfare Recipients
Authors: WOLCOTT HOWARD 
Published: April 2012

What can be done to help welfare recipients gain independence from the relief rolls? Every county in the United States faces this question. In northern California the San Mateo County Department of Health and Welfare is finding an answer for those who are receiving welfare assistance under the Aid to Dependent Children legislation. A mother whose situation makes working advisable registers with the U. S. Employment Service. For those clients seeking work, the Social Service Division has its Vocational Development Program.The Vocational Development Unit is composed of a supervisor of social workers, a vocational consultant, a training officer, an occupational therapist, and an employment officer. The goal of the unit is to formulate for each client a plan of action which will lead to her full‐time employment.
Persuasion = Stating and Arguing Claims Well
Authors: Lapp Diane , Fisher Douglas 
Published: April 2012

AbstractInside a ninth‐grade classroom, we witness one teacher's very intentional instructional attempts that resulted in her students being able to convey well‐crafted reasoning and text‐supported evidence to mount persuasive arguments. Through personal examples and Internet resources, the teacher concretized pathos, logos, and ethos. The teacher and students together analyzed various documents, including literary and political speeches, for persuasive techniques that manipulated their thinking. As a result, students understood the pitfalls of manipulation while becoming quite sophisticated at mounting evidence‐supported claims and counterclaims to present their arguments. Through their writing of ads, students demonstrated their grasp of logical argumentation and also the power of anticipating the knowledge, questions, and concerns of an intended audience as a way to impress a position.
Adhesion formation to hemostatic agents and its reduction with a sodium hyaluronate/carboxymethylcellulose adhesion barrier
Authors: Greenawalt Keith E. , Corazzini Rubina L. , Colt M. Jude , Holmdahl Lena 
Published: April 2012

AbstractThe impact of hemostatic agents on postoperative adhesion formation has not been well studied. We hypothesized that hemostatic agents would be a significant nidus for adhesion formation and that a resorbable barrier would effectively reduce adhesions to hemostatic agents. Four commercial hemostatic agents, each composed of a different biomaterial matrix, were implanted in female Sprague–Dawley rats, and adhesion formation was examined 7 days after surgery. In separate studies, the effects of serosal trauma (via cecal abrasion), added blood, and the presence of chemically modified sodium hyaluronate/carboxymethylcellulose (HA/CMC) barrier on adhesion formation to hemostatic agents were studied. Significant adhesions formed to hemostatic agents even in the absence of traumatized tissue. When applied after cecal abrasion, the incidence of adhesions to the hemostatic agents increased. Addition of blood to this model increased adhesion formation even further, causing adhesions in every animal in the study. An HA/CMC adhesion barrier reduced adhesions to hemostatic agents in the presence of serosal trauma and maintained effectiveness even in the presence of blood. In conclusion, hemostatic agents potentiated adhesion formation at the site of application in a model without trauma. In more challenging models, their adhesiogenic contribution was overwhelmed by trauma and blood. HA/CMC adhesion barrier applied over hemostatic agents at the time of surgery provided significant protection against postoperative adhesions in these preclinical models. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A, 2012.
Simulation of multiphase systems utilizing independent force fields to control intraphase and interphase behavior
Authors: Biswas Pradip K. , Vellore Nadeem A. , Yancey Jeremy A. , Kucukkal Tugba G. , Collier Galen , Brooks Bernard R. , Stuart Steven J. , Latour Robert A. 
Published: April 2012

AbstractFixed‐charge empirical force fields have been developed and widely used over the past three decades for all‐atom molecular simulations. Most simulation programs providing these methods enable only one set of force field parameters to be used for the entire system. Whereas this is generally suitable for single‐phase systems, the molecular environment at the interface between two phases may be sufficiently different from the individual phases to require a different set of parameters to be used to accurately represent the system. Recently published simulations of peptide adsorption to material surfaces using the CHARMM force field have clearly demonstrated this issue by revealing that calculated values of adsorption free energy substantially differ from experimental results. Whereas nonbonded parameters could be adjusted to correct this problem, this cannot be done without also altering the conformational behavior of the peptide in solution, for which CHARMM has been carefully tuned. We have developed a dual‐force‐field approach (Dual‐FF) to address this problem and implemented it in the CHARMM simulation package. This Dual‐FF method provides the capability to use two separate sets of nonbonded force field parameters within the same simulation: one set to represent intraphase interactions and a separate set to represent interphase interactions. Using this approach, we show that interfacial parameters can be adjusted to correct errors in peptide adsorption free energy without altering peptide conformational behavior in solution. This program thus provides the capability to enable both intraphase and interphase molecular behavior to be accurately and efficiently modeled in the same simulation. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Five key steps to successful design of experiments
Authors: Johnson Louis A. , Steele J. Cody 
Published: April 2012

AbstractGetting management to agree to tackle process problems with Design of Experiments (DOE) methods can be a tough sell. Many of the underlying concepts seem counterintuitive when first explained, and the analysis methods have a reputation for complexity. Taking the time to efficiently study the various factors involved in a troublesome process, however, will generate practical solutions that can help an organization save resources and retain customers. Five essential steps contribute to a successful DOE application: proper problem selection, early employee involvement, maintaining perspective, effective design and analysis, and visual communication of results. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Two by‐products of the olive oil extraction industry as oleic acid supplement source for Iberian pigs: effect on the meat's chemical composition and induced lipoperoxidation
Authors: González Elena , Hernández‐Matamoros Alejandro , Tejeda Juan F 
Published: April 2012

AbstractBACKGROUND: The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of two by‐products of the olive oil extraction industry—olive soapstocks and olive‐pomace oil—as added fat sources into feed concentrates, in two different rearing systems (free‐range complemented with concentrates and intensive rearing with concentrates) on the chemical composition and oxidative stability of Iberian pig meat.RESULTS: No differences in the chemical composition, colour and fatty acid composition of gluteobiceps m. were found due to added fat source. However, the feeding system had a significant effect on protein (P < 0.05), γ‐tocopherol (P < 0.05), colour (P < 0.01) and fatty acid composition of gluteobiceps m. Neither added fat source nor the feeding system had an effect on the malondialdehyde content.CONCLUSION: The addition of olive soapstock or olive‐pomace oil as fat sources into concentrates did not influence meat composition or fatty acid profile. However, there are differences in the fatty acid composition of meat from Iberian pigs as a result of the production system used. Copyright © 2012 Society of Chemical Industry
Comprehensive review of the diagnosis and treatment of biliary tract cancer 2012. PART II: Multidisciplinary management
Authors: Marsh Robert de W , Alonzo Marc , Bajaj Shailesh , Baker Marshall , Elton Eric , Farrell Thomas A , Gore Richard M , Hall Curtis , Nowak Jan , Roy Hemant , Shaikh Arif , Talamonti Mark S. 
Published: April 2012

AbstractBiliary tract cancers (gallbladder cancer, intra‐ and extra‐hepatic cholangiocarcinoma and selected periampullary cancers) accounted for 12,760 new cases of cancer in the USA in 2010. These tumors have a dismal prognosis with most patients presenting with advanced disease. Early, accurate diagnosis is essential, both for potential cure where possible and for optimal palliative therapy in all others. This review examines the currently available and emerging technologies for diagnosis and treatment of this group of diseases. J. Surg. Oncol. 2012; 106:339–345. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.