bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Physical and Oxidative Stabilization of Omega‐3 Fatty Acids in Surimi Gels
Authors: Tolasa Sebnem , Lee Chong M. , Cakli Sukran 
Published: April 2010

ABSTRACT:  The objective of the study was to compare the dispersion and oxidative stability of omega‐3 fatty acid oil in high‐ and low‐quality surimi gels during 4‐mo refrigerated and frozen storage. Low‐quality surimi was prepared by subjecting Alaska pollock surimi to 7 freeze–thaw cycles. Surimi gels were prepared with 4% modified starch, 2% salt, and 0.5% or 1% algal DHA or concentrated fish EPA‐DHA oil, and stored at −18 or 3 °C for 4 mo after being vacuumed packed and pasteurized. The effect of surimi gel properties on oil dispersion was examined using light microscopy equipped with image process software. The extent of lipid oxidation was monitored by thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), peroxide value (PV), and fatty acid methly esters (DHA and EPA). Very fine and uniform oil dispersion was observed in the high‐quality surimi gel with the average droplet size of 12.37 μm2 and dispersion of 1.73 × 10−3 droplets/μm2 compared to 84.32 μm2 and 0.57 × 10−3 droplets/μm2 in the low‐quality gel. Throughout the 4 mo storage, TBARS and PV of high‐quality surimi gel were significantly (P < 0.05) lower than those of low‐quality surimi gel. The decreases in omega‐3 fatty acids in the high‐quality surimi gels were lower than those in the low‐quality surimi gels under both storage conditions. Results confirm that a highly cohesive gel matrix is required to have a fine dispersion and oxidative stability of omega‐3 fatty acids in the surimi gel system.Practical Application: Uniform dispersion and oxidative stability of omega‐3 fatty acid oil can be achieved in the highly cohesive surimi gel system without use of antioxidants. This suggests that surimi can be used as a protein‐based carrier in developing high omega‐3 fatty acids‐containing seafood products.
Meta‐analysis in medicine: an introduction
Authors: MAK Anselm , CHEUNG Mike W.L. , FU Erin H.Y. , HO Roger C.M. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractMeta‐analysis, a complex statistical method which involves synthesis of data from relevant studies to devise an effect size or a conclusion, has increasingly been recognized and impacts on evidence‐based medicine, especially in the field of health science. Thanks to the advent and unmet need of evidence‐based medicine, since the first recordable publication of a meta‐analysis in 1904 addressing the effectiveness of typhoid vaccine, both the number and quality of meta‐analyses published relating to healthcare science have been on a steep rise. If properly conducted, based on answering relevant clinical questions, strict selection criteria of participating studies, appropriate analytical methods, and proper presentation of results, coupled with critical and faithful discussion on the strength and weakness of the analysis, meta‐analysis will definitely be an invaluable tool for clinicians and researchers in understanding epidemiology, justifying and refining hypotheses of various diseases, for medical practitioners to implement sound management decisions based on evidence‐based medicine, and ultimately, for policy‐makers to formulate cost‐efficient treatment strategies, guidelines and legislation. In this first paper of a mini‐series, the current trend of meta‐analysis publications in the medical literature, examples of important meta‐analyses relevant to rheumatology and the pros and cons of meta‐analysis, will be discussed. Important terminology related to meta‐analysis, the systematic ways to critically appraise, and finally the preferred methodology of conducting meta‐analysis will be covered in the subsequent three reviews of this mini‐series.
Breast lymphoma in Sjögren’s syndrome complicated by acute monocular blindness
Authors: SOLDEVILLA Helmar F. , MOLINA Ramon Miguel M. , NAVARRA Sandra V. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractA 69‐year‐old hypertensive woman presented with eye and mouth dryness, bilateral parotid gland enlargement, associated with anasarca and proteinuria. Family history was notable for malignancies including breast, nasopharyngeal and colon cancers. Physical exam disclosed hypertension, bilaterally enlarged, firm, non‐tender parotid glands, fine bibasilar crackles and bipedal edema. Anti Ro/Sjögren’s syndrome antigen A antibody was positive, with negative tests for anti La/Sjögren’s syndrome antigen B and anti‐nuclear antibody (ANA). Chest radiographs showed basal infiltrates. Sjögren’s syndrome associated with glomerulonephritis and interstitial lung disease was diagnosed, and she received pulse methylprednisololone followed by oral prednisone with dramatic improvement. Two months later, while on prednisone 5 mg/day, she returned to the clinic with an enlarging fixed non‐tender right breast mass. She underwent modified radical mastectomy of the right breast, and pathologic report revealed diffuse, small cell, non‐Hodgkin’s lymphoma of the breast; axillary lymph nodes were negative for tumor. She opted for alternative therapy and did not return to the clinic until 7 months later when she developed sudden monocular blindness in the right eye with no other systemic manifestations. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed swelling and enhancement of intracanalicular and pre‐chiasmatic segments of the right optic nerve and right side of the optic chiasm. Considerations were Devic’s disease versus metastases. She received pulse methylprednisolone therapy (1 g/day for 3 days) with partial recovery of vision. She is scheduled for lymphoma chemotherapy to include rituximab.
The effects of hyperoxic ventilation on tissue oxygenation
Authors: MEIER JENS , LAUSCHER PATRICK , KERTSCHO HARRY , HABLER OLIVER 
Published: April 2010

SUMMARYApplication of high inspiratory oxygen concentrations is an established method to improve arterial oxygen content, oxygen transport and tissue oxygenation. However, in the past years a considerable amount of data have emerged challenging this approach: hyperoxic ventilation (ventilation with pure oxygen, HV) and subsequent hyperoxemia have been accused of inducing unfavorable effects on microcirculation and tissue perfusion, resulting in regional tissue hypoxia. Interestingly, these disadvantegous properties of HV seem to occur predominantly in patients with physiological hemoglobin concentrations and probably play a minor role in anemic patients. In animal experiments the effect of HV on tissue oxygenation and on outcome of several severe pathologic conditions essentially depends on the hemoglobin concentration: HV failed to have a considerable impact on survival of severe hypovolemia or methemoglobinemia (physiological hemoglobin concentration), whereas it convincingly improves outcome of severe normovolemic anemia. The present review discusses a perspective on the effects of HV at different hemoglobin concentrations and its potential to improve oxygen transport and tissue oxygenation especially during moderate and severe anemia.
Backing collisions: a study of drivers' eye and backing behaviour using combined rear-view camera and sensor systems
Authors: Hurwitz David S , Pradhan Anuj , Fisher Donald L , Knodler Michael A , Muttart Jeffrey W , Menon Rajiv , Meissner Uwe 
Published: April 2010

ContextBacking crash injures can be severe; approximately 200 of the 2,500 reported injuries of this type per year to children under the age of 15 years result in death. Technology for assisting drivers when backing has limited success in preventing backing crashes.ObjectivesTwo questions are addressed: Why is the reduction in backing crashes moderate when rear-view cameras are deployed? Could rear-view cameras augment sensor systems?Design46 drivers (36 experimental, 10 control) completed 16 parking trials over 2  days (eight trials per day). Experimental participants were provided with a sensor camera system, controls were not. Three crash scenarios were introduced.SettingParking facility at UMass Amherst, USA.Subjects46 drivers (33 men, 13 women) average age 29 years, who were Massachusetts residents licensed within the USA for an average of 9.3  years.InterventionsVehicles equipped with a rear-view camera and sensor system-based parking aid.Main Outcome MeasuresSubject's eye fixations while driving and researcher's observation of collision with objects during backing.ResultsOnly 20% of drivers looked at the rear-view camera before backing, and 88% of those did not crash. Of those who did not look at the rear-view camera before backing, 46% looked after the sensor warned the driver.ConclusionsThis study indicates that drivers not only attend to an audible warning, but will look at a rear-view camera if available. Evidence suggests that when used appropriately, rear-view cameras can mitigate the occurrence of backing crashes, particularly when paired with an appropriate sensor system.
Oxford stone revisited: causes and consequences of diversity in building limestone used in the historic centre of Oxford, England
Authors: Gomez-Heras Miguel , Smith Bernard J. , Viles Heather A. 
Published: April 2010

Abstract
Stone decay is the result of the interaction of stone with its environment. It is therefore important to understand why certain materials, sometimes not the most suitable, were used to shape the built heritage of specific areas. The historical evolution of these areas conditioned many of the combinations of materials we see today, which in some cases can interact to accelerate decay. These combinations were driven by availability during construction, architectural fashion or the simultaneous utilization of materials that are aesthetically similar but differ significantly in their physical and chemical properties. A microcosm of the complex decisions that determine stone selection and subsequent interactions is provided by the City of Oxford, which is an excellent example of how such historic evolution can work with material characteristics to accelerate decay.
Contribution to the technological characterization of two widely used Portuguese dimension stones: the ‘Semi-rijo’ and ‘Moca Creme’ stones
Authors: Figueiredo Carlos , Folha Rita , Maurício António , Alves Carlos , Aires-Barros Luís 
Published: April 2010

Abstract
Stone weathering and durability are two major concerns widely recognized within construction, cultural heritage and monument stone decay assessment and conservation works. This paper aims to complement the technological data on the two commercial varieties of Portuguese dimension stones (‘Semi-rijo’ and ‘Moca Creme’), widely used in pavement and cladding inside and outside buildings. New data on the pore structures (fluid transport–related properties) and the durability (salt crystallization tests) of these limestones are presented. The pore structure was studied by a combined application of optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and mercury injection porosimetry. Fluid migration physical tests (open and free porosity, capillary imbibition and Hirschwald coefficient) were also performed, according to Portuguese and French standards. The resistance to salt crystallization was determined using the Portuguese standard NP EN 12370. An integrated analysis of all data has allowed a comparison of the results of the durability tests with characteristics of the pore network and properties related to fluid transport as well as petrographical features of the stones. The open porosity and freely-interconnected pores accessible to water after 48 hours (N48) seem to be the main features controlling their durability.
Raman spectra of reduced carbonaceous matter as a tool for determining the provenance of marbles: examples of ‘graphitic’ marbles from Czech quarries
Authors: Šťastná Aneta , Jehlička Jan , Přikryl Richard 
Published: April 2010

Abstract
This study reports the Raman data for reduced carbonaceous matter (CM) in crystalline marbles, related to a determination of their provenance. Raman microspectrometry was tested on ‘graphitic’ marbles formed under different metamorphic conditions (regional v. contact) with various geological ages, and with distinct types of CM from the Bohemian Massif (Czech Republic). First, various modes of occurrence of CM were examined by optical microscopy (OM). The Raman results exhibited spectral variations of CM with different metamorphic grades and types. Several marble groups could be distinguished: (1) well-ordered CM/graphite of higher grade regional metamorphosed marbles; less graphitized metamorphosed organic matter (‘disordered’ CM); (2) low-grade regional metamorphosed rocks, and (3) contact metamorphosed marbles.
Gender Differences in Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Risk Perception Among Individuals With Diabetes
Authors: Homko Carol J. , Zamora Linda , Santamore William P. , Kashem Abul , McConnell Timothy , Bove Alfred A. 
Published: April 2010

Purpose The purpose of this study was to examine gender-based differences in cardiovascular risk factors and risk perception among individuals with diabetes. Methods The sample consisted of patients with an established history of diabetes who were enrolled in a telemedicine trial to reduce cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. All subjects had a 10% or greater risk on the Framingham risk index. Assessments included blood pressure, A1C, lipid profile, medication history, and knowledge and risk perception surveys. Results Data were available for 211 individuals with type 2 diabetes (88 men and 123 women). The women and men did not differ in age, body mass index, or Framingham risk. Only 37.4% of women and 40.9% of men were at an A1C target of <7%. Total cholesterol levels were significantly higher among women, and fewer women were at low-density lipoprotein or blood pressure targets. Knowledge of CVD was similar between the 2 sexes. However, women perceived their risk for CVD to be significantly higher than did men. Conclusion Less favorable cardiovascular risk profiles are observed among women with diabetes as compared with their male counterparts. Multifaceted approaches to both diabetes management and education are needed to target CVD risk reduction among individuals with diabetes.
Two- to 4-Year Follow-up to a Comparison of Home Versus Physical Therapy-Supervised Rehabilitation Programs After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction
Authors: Grant John A. , Mohtadi Nicholas G. H. 
Published: April 2010

Background: There have been no long-term follow-up studies comparing a predominantly home-based rehabilitation program with a standard physical therapy program after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction. Demonstrating the long-term success of such a cost-effective program would be beneficial to guide future rehabilitation practice. Purpose: To determine whether there were any differences in long-term outcome between recreational athletes who performed a physical therapy-supervised rehabilitation program and those who performed a primarily home-based rehabilitation program in the first 3 months after ACL reconstruction. Study Design: Randomized clinical trial; Level of evidence, 1. Methods: Patients were randomized before ACL reconstruction surgery to either the physical therapy-supervised (17 physical therapy sessions) or home-based (4 physical therapy sessions) program. Eighty-eight of the original 129 patients returned 2 to 4 years after surgery to assess their long-term clinical outcomes. Primary outcome was the ACL quality of life questionnaire (ACL QOL). Secondary outcomes were bilateral difference in knee extension and flexion range of motion, sagittal plane knee laxity, relative quadriceps and hamstring strength, and objective International Knee Documentation Committee score. Unpaired t tests and a chi-square test were used for the comparisons. Results: The home-based group had a significantly higher mean ACL QOL score (80.0 ± 16.2) than the physical therapy-supervised group (69.9 ± 22.0) a mean of 38 months after surgery ( P = .02, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.7, 18.4). The mean change in ACL QOL score from before surgery to follow-up was not significantly different between the groups (physical therapy = 40.0, home = 45.8, P = .26, 95% CI: −15.8, 4.4). There were no significant differences in the secondary outcome measures. Conclusion: This long-term study upholds the short-term findings of the original randomized clinical trial by demonstrating that patients who participate in a predominantly home-based rehabilitation program in the first 3 months after ACL reconstruction have similar 2- to 4-year outcomes compared with those patients who participate in a more clinically supervised program.
Somatic FAS mutations are common in patients with genetically undefined autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome
Authors: Dowdell Kennichi C. , Niemela Julie E. , Price Susan , Davis Joie , Hornung Ronald L. , Oliveira João Bosco , Puck Jennifer M. , Jaffe Elaine S. , Pittaluga Stefania , Cohen Jeffrey I. , Fleisher Thomas A. , Rao V. Koneti 
Published: April 2010

Abstract
Autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome (ALPS) is characterized by childhood onset of lymphadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly, autoimmune cytopenias, elevated numbers of double-negative T (DNT) cells, and increased risk of lymphoma. Most cases of ALPS are associated with germline mutations of the FAS gene (type Ia), whereas some cases have been noted to have a somatic mutation of FAS primarily in their DNT cells. We sought to determine the proportion of patients with somatic FAS mutations among a group of our ALPS patients with no detectable germline mutation and to further characterize them. We found more than one-third (12 of 31) of the patients tested had somatic FAS mutations, primarily involving the intracellular domain of FAS resulting in loss of normal FAS signaling. Similar to ALPS type Ia patients, the somatic ALPS patients had increased DNT cell numbers and elevated levels of serum vitamin B12, interleukin-10, and sFAS-L. These data support testing for somatic FAS mutations in DNT cells from ALPS patients with no detectable germline mutation and a similar clinical and laboratory phenotype to that of ALPS type Ia. These findings also highlight the potential role for somatic mutations in the pathogenesis of nonmalignant and/or autoimmune hematologic conditions in adults and children.
The endocytic recycling regulator EHD1 is essential for spermatogenesis and male fertility in mice
Authors: Rainey Mark A , George Manju , Ying GuoGuang , Akakura Reiko , Burgess Daniel J , Siefker Ed , Bargar Tom , Doglio Lynn , Crawford Susan E , Todd Gordon L , Govindarajan Venkatesh , Hess Rex A , Band Vimla , Naramura Mayumi , Band Hamid 
Published: April 2010

Abstract

Background
The C-terminal Eps15 homology domain-containing protein 1 (EHD1) is ubiquitously expressed and regulates the endocytic trafficking and recycling of membrane components and several transmembrane receptors. To elucidate the function of EHD1 in mammalian development, we generated Ehd1
-/- mice using a Cre/loxP system.

Results
Both male and female Ehd1
-/- mice survived at sub-Mendelian ratios. A proportion of Ehd1
-/- mice were viable and showed smaller size at birth, which continued into adulthood. Ehd1
-/- adult males were infertile and displayed decreased testis size, whereas Ehd1
-/- females were fertile. In situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry of developing wildtype mouse testes revealed EHD1 expression in most cells of the seminiferous epithelia. Histopathology revealed abnormal spermatogenesis in the seminiferous tubules and the absence of mature spermatozoa in the epididymides of Ehd1
-/- males. Seminiferous tubules showed disruption of the normal spermatogenic cycle with abnormal acrosomal development on round spermatids, clumping of acrosomes, misaligned spermatids and the absence of normal elongated spermatids in Ehd1
-/- males. Light and electron microscopy analyses indicated that elongated spermatids were abnormally phagocytosed by Sertoli cells in Ehd1
-/- mice.

Conclusions
Contrary to a previous report, these results demonstrate an important role for EHD1 in pre- and post-natal development with a specific role in spermatogenesis.
Dual retrovirus integration tagging: identification of new signaling molecules Fiz1 and Hipk2 that are involved in the IL-7 signaling pathway in B lymphoblastic lymphomas
Authors: Tsuruyama Tatsuaki , Imai Yukiko , Takeuchi Haruya , Hiratsuka Takuya , Maruyama Yasuhiro , Kanaya Kazuya , Kaszynski Richard , Jin Guang , Okuno Tomoko , Ozeki Munetaka , Nakamura Takuro , Takakuwa Tetsuya , Manabe Toshiaki , Tamaki Keiji , Hiai Hiroshi 
Published: April 2010

Abstract
Fiz1 and Hipk2 contribute to lymphomagenesis via activation of IL-7 signaling pathway.
IL-7R, FLT3, and CD43 are surface antigens expressed during the transition from pro-B to pre-B cells in BM. To understand interactions between their signaling pathways, we analyzed spontaneous mouse B-LBLs with dual MLV integration into Stat5a and Fiz1 or Stat5a and Hipk2. MLV integration resulted in up-regulation of these genes in lymphoma cells compared with normal pro-B cells from the BM. In lymphomas with both integrations into Stat5a and Fiz1, increases in phosphorylated STAT5A and expression of c-Myc, a target gene of STAT5A, were observed following stimulation of the FLT3. Clones with the dual integrations grew faster in IL-7 and FLT3L-supplemented medium than clones with Stat5a integration alone. On the other hand, in lymphomas with integrations into Stat5a and Hipk2, increases in phosphorylated STAT5A and expression of c-Myc were observed following cross-linking of CD43. In conclusion, FLT3 and CD43 signaling pathways involve STAT5A via Fiz1 and Hipk2 in B-LBLs. Identification of the dual MLV integration sites in B-LBLs, therefore, will provide an excellent tool for identification of the signaling pathways in B-LBLs.
An experimental investigation into dental wear: Tooth-tooth contact
Authors: Masen M A , van't Spijker A , Kreulen C M 
Published: April 2010

This work discusses some experiments with respect to the sliding contact between human teeth. The objective is to study whether in-depth investigations into the dominant wear modes in dental wear can be made using a standard tribotester with samples manufactured from natural teeth. A tribological pair of two test samples was prepared from each single incisor by cutting it into halves and machining one half to be flat and the other to be hemispherically shaped. Sphere-on-flat reciprocating sliding contact experiments were conducted. The resulting wear track was analysed, and the wear volumes were quantified. The observed variation in wear volumes was larger than what would be expected as inherent to the wear process, which is attributed to biological variations and the resulting variations in mechanical properties of the specimens used. For in-depth studies of the basic mechanisms involved in dental wear, the samples should receive special care and attention, particularly with respect to enamel thickness and prism orientation. The obtained results indicate that two wear regimes are predominant and that their occurrence might be related to the thickness of the enamel layer that covers the teeth.