bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Partial Hydatidiform Mole with a Live Fetus— A Rare Entity
Authors: Koregol Mahesh , Bellad Mrutyunjaya , Malapati Chandana 
Published: April 2010

ABSTRACTPartial hydatidiform mole (PHM) with a singleton live fetus is a rare condition. A live baby of 2000 grams with many external congenital anomalies like hydrocephalus, bilateral congenital talipus equino varus (CTEV), meningomyelocele and spina bifida was delivered. Placenta weighed 700 grams and PHM was confirmed by histopathological examination. Baby expired one hour after birth. Baby was sent for autopsy which documented various anomalies. Partial hydatidiform mole is a histopathological entity characterized by focal trophoblastic hyperplasia with villous hydrops together with identifiable fetal tissue. PHM with a single live fetus is a rare condition which is reported by very few authors. Not all the cases of partial mole can be detected by USG/Doppler. If any anomalies are detected, PHM should be thought among the conditions possible. MShCG and karyotyping can be done to rule out this condition. Placenta has to be sent for histopathological examination to confirm the diagnosis of PHM. These patients are prone to go in preterm labor and preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM). There is possibility of malpresentations like transverse lie among these cases.
Knowledge and Attitude Regarding ‘Perinatal Bereavement Care’ among Nurses Working in the Maternity Unit and Neonatal Intensive Care Unit
Authors: Sheetal Samson CP , Kharde Sangeeta N 
Published: April 2010

ABSTRACT
Perinatal bereavement is a unique mourning situation, as the parent's expectation and joy at the prospect of a new life change into a despair and grief. IUFD may represent a significant loss of the mother's perception of her body's functional adequacy associated with body image and feelings of self-wroth.

Objectives

To assess the knowledge and identify attitude regarding perinatal bereavement care among nurses.
To find the correlation between knowledge and attitude among the nurses regarding perinatal bereavement care.

Methods
The research approach for the study was descriptive survey. The sample size considered for the study was 30 registered nurses working in maternity and NICU. The sampling technique used for the study was purposive. The tool used for gathering relevant data was a structured knowledge questionnaire.

Results
The results revealed that majority of the nurses 23(76.6%) belonged to a age group of 21-23 years.
Majority 17(56.6%) of the nurses had experience of less than one year in maternity unit and NICU.
Maximum nurses 25(83.3%) had no previous experience in managing perinatal bereavement.
None of the nurses 30(100%) had attended any in service education. Majority 15(50%) of nurses had poor knowledge about the concept of perinatal bereavement. Maximum 13(43%) of the nurses had average knowledge of perinatal bereavement care, while minimum 5 (16.6%) had fair knowledge of the specified area. Half 15(50%) of the nurses possessed a positive attitude towards perinatal bereavement care. There is no correlation between knowledge and attitude of nurses with regards to perinatal bereavement care.

Conclusion
In order to facilitate a normal grieving process among bereaved families, the nurse should be equipped with adequate knowledge, a positive attitude and skill in rendering such care.
Effectiveness of a Structured Teaching Program on the Knowledge of Self-care Behavior among HIV Infected Women Attending a Selected Voluntary Organization
Authors: Sheetal Samson CP , Kharde Sangeeta N 
Published: April 2010

ABSTRACT

Objectives
To assess the knowledge of self-care behavior, identify high-risk behavior among HIV infected women and evaluate the effectiveness of structured teaching program on the knowledge of HIV infected women regarding self-care behavior.

Methods
The research approach for the study was that of an evaluative one with one group pretest post-test design. The sample size considered for the study was 40 HIV infected women. The sampling technique used for the study was purposive sampling which is a type of nonprobability sampling. The tool used for gathering relevant data was a structured questionnaire on knowledge of self care behavior among HIV infected women.

Results
Analysis of data was done on the basis of objectives and hypotheses. Data analysis of level of knowledge revealed that during the pretest minimum 5(12.5%) of the HIV infected women had good knowledge of self-care behavior, 28(70%) had average knowledge, while 7(17.5%) had poor knowledge. It was worth noting that only a minimum of 2(5%) women had poor level of positive thinking towards self-care while majority of 21(52.5%) had good level of positive thinking. While assessing the effectiveness of the structured teaching program on self care behavior, the pretest and post-test data analysis revealed the mean post-test score (57 ± 4.7) was higher than the mean pretest score (39 ± 7.7). Analysis of variance showed no homogeneity in the scores of subjects in the different areas of knowledge of self-care behavior and indicated more scope for knowledge gain in the area of health promoting behavior.

Conclusion
Based on the analyses, the following inference was drawn. There was evident increase in the knowledge scores in all the areas included in the study after administration of structured teaching program. Thus it was inferred that the structured teaching program was effective and while the gain in knowledge score is commendable, there is still room for improvement.
Peripartum Hysterectomy: A Review of 70 Cases
Authors: LNU Shaheen , Sharma Rajyashri , Pathak Jayshree 
Published: April 2010

ABSTRACT

Objectives
To study the incidence, indications and complications of peripartum hysterectomy.

Methods
A retrospective analysis of 70 cases of emergency peripartum hysterectomy performed over a period of five years from January 2004 to September 2008. At JN Medical College and Hospital AMU Aligarh was done.

Results
The incidence of emergency hysterectomy was 0.54%. The main indications were uterine atony 26 (37.12%) and Rupture uterus 19 (26.7%). Thirty six (51.43%) were in the age group of 26-35 years and majority of cases 61 (67.14%) were unbooked. The maternal and perinatal mortality was four (5.7%) and 44 (62.86%) respectively. The average period of hospital stay was 10 days.

Conclusion
Prompt performance of obstetric hysterectomy before the patient's clinical condition deteriorates is the main key to success and less postoperative complications.
Clinical and Hormonal Profile of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Authors: Begum Ferdousi 
Published: April 2010

ABSTRACTObjectivesThe objectives of the study were to find out the clinical features, biochemical and hormonal profile of patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) in Bangladesh.Material and MethodsA case control and cross-sectional study was undertaken among 78 PCOS patients attending infertility clinic and 33 controls at BIRDEM Hospital, Dhaka. Inclusion criteria for cases were oligo/amenorrhea, transvaginal sonography suggesting PCO and/ or features of hyperandrogenemia with exclusion of other causes. Controls were women with regular menstrual cycle.ResultsAge and height of cases and controls were similar. BMI >25 was 67% among cases and 19% among controls (P<0.001); waist hip ratio >0.8 was 64% among cases and 29% among controls (P<0.001). Mean BMI of cases was 28.2 + 4.5 and that of cases was 21.05 + 4.1; mean fasting glucose among cases was 5.93 + 1.08 and among controls was 4.4 + 1.11 mmol/L (P<0.01); mean fasting serum insulin level was 32.15+ 12.13 among cases was 11.32 +10.02 ìU/ml among controls(P<.001); insulin resistance (fasting HOMA-IR>6.8) was 42.32% in cases and 12% in control (P<.001). Patients with PCOS had following clinical and biochemical parameters: oligomenorrhea- 74%, amenorrhea- 26%, mean Ferriman-Galaway score -19.89 + 5.06. At day 3 of menstrual cycle meanserum LH was 12.79+7.1 mmol/L, serum FSH was 5.23 + 2.5 miu/ml and serum prolactin was 415.15+180.5 mmol/L; 30% had biochemical hyperandrogenemia.ConclusionsPCOS patient in Bangladesh are usually overweight, hirsute (grade I and II), hyperandrogenemic, insulin resitant and have altered LH to FSH ratio.
Safety of Scar on Repeat Second Cesarean Section in Patients with Previous One Cesarean Section
Authors: Kouser Shahnaz , Kouser Shaheen , Anwar Bushra 
Published: April 2010

ABSTRACT

Objective
To evaluate the safety and integrity of scar at repeat cesarean section, in patients with previous one cesarean section performed at different settings.

Study design
A reterospective study in a tertiary care obstetric unit over a period of one year (2006).

Material and methods
All patients with previous one cesarean section, undergoing emergency and elective cesarean sections were enrolled at our institution. The variables noted were age, parity, residential area, location of previous cesarean section and associated complaints, e.g uterine contractions, vaginal leaking/ bleeding and comorbid medical disorders.

Outcome measures
Operative findings in terms of thinning of scar, dehiscence or rupture were recorded. The effects of skill level of surgeon and set-up of previous cesarean section were analyzed.

Results
Two hundred and seventy cesarean sections were performed for different indications in patients with previous one cesarean section over a period of one year. Out of all patients, extreme thinning of scar was noted in 36 (13.3%) patients. Seven patients(2.6%) had scar dehiscence. Only 3 (42.8%) patients with scar dehiscence had associated complaint of scar tenderness, while 22 (61%)of 36 cases of scar thinning were having scar tenderness. All 7 cases of scar dehiscence had their previous cesarean sections at teaching hospitals. No patient underwent hysterectomy and all patients with scar dehiscence had successful repair.

Conclusion
The study concludes relatively inadequate scar thickness rate but at the same time relatively acceptable scar dehiscence rate. Thus it will still be safe to subject the patients to trial of labor after meticulous scrutinization and individualization. At the same time adequate surgical training of doctors (trainees and community doctors) through different formats is recommended.
Cervical Screening Awareness and Practice among Medical Personnel
Authors: Kouser Shahnaz , Zareen Amtullah , Begum Altaf 
Published: April 2010

ABSTRACT

Objective
The objective of this study was to assess awareness about cervical screening among medical and paramedical personnel.

Design
This was a cross-sectional study.

Place and duration
The study was conducted by Gyne unit-II, Jinnah Hospital/ AIMC Lahore, over a period of one month.

Material and methods
Three hundred and thirty personnel were interviewed. Out of them 243 were doctors and 87 were nurses. Each subject was asked to fill up a proforma designed to assess the knowledge about screening, source of information, associated risk factors, e.g age at first coitus, vaginal discharge, vulvo-vaginal warts, postcoital bleeding and/ or family history of cervical malignancy. Reasons for not doing cervical smear and future plans for screening were also evaluated.

Results
The majority of doctors (241 = 99%) had good knowledge about cervical screening, while only 53 nurses (60.9%) had some information mainly through discussion with doctors. Despite good knowledge only 27 doctors (11.0%) and 5 nurses (5.7%) underwent screening. Nearly 77% of all subjects intended to have future screening provided facility is easily accessible.

Conclusion
Our group included medical and paramedical staff who are definitely more educated than general public regarding importance of cervical screening, yet results revealed only 9.9% compliance rate among both doctors and nurses. There is intense need for mass media campaign for public awareness and clinical workshops for medical personnel.
Effectiveness of a Planned Teaching Program on Knowledge and Skill in the Use of Partograph among Nurses Working in Maternity Unit
Authors: Raddi Sudha A , Metgud MC , Saviola Arez 
Published: April 2010

ABSTRACT

Objectives
To assess the knowledge and skills of nurses regarding the use of partograph and evaluate the effectiveness of a planned teaching program in the use of partograph among nurses.

Methods
The research approach for the study was that of an evaluative one with one group pre-test post-test design. The study comprised of 30 nurses working in maternity unit of KLES Dr Prabhakar Kore Hospital and Medical Research Center, Belgaum. The tool used for gathering relevant data was a structured questionnaire on knowledge and skill in the use of partograph.

Results
Analysis of data was done on the basis of objectives and hypotheses. It was found that the overall pre-test mean knowledge scores was 13.9, whereas post-test mean knowledge scores was 21.83. The range between highest score and the lowest score in the pre-test was 15 which was decrease to 5 after administration on planned teaching program in the post-test. The overall pre-test mean skill scores was 5.57, whereas post-test mean skill scores was 12.63. The range between highest scores and lowest scores in the pre-test was 9 which was decrease to 7 after administration of planned teaching program in the post-test.

Conclusion
Based on the analyses of the findings of the study, the following inference was drawn. There was evident increase in the knowledge and scores in all the areas included in the study after administration of planned teaching program. Thus it was inferred that the planned teaching program was effective and while the gain in knowledge and skill score is commendable, there is still room for improvement.
Effectiveness OD Self Instructional Module on the Knowledge of Obstetric Drugs among Nurses Working in Maternity Unit
Authors: Saviola Arez , Manisha Bijapurkar 
Published: April 2010

ABSTRACT

Objectives
To assess the knowledge of nurses regarding obstetric drugs.

Methods
The research approach for the study was an evaluative approach with one group pre-test/post-test design. The study comprised of 30 nurses working in maternity unit of KLES Dr Prabhakar Kore Hospital and Medical Research Center, Belgaum. The tool used for gathering relevant data was a structured questionnaire on knowledge regarding obstetric drugs.

Results
Analysis of data was done on the basis of objectives and hypothesis. It was found that the overall pre-test mean knowledge scores was 21.63, whereas post-test mean knowledge scores was 38.26. The range between highest score and the lowest sore in the pre-test was 26 which was to decrease to 15, after administration of self instructional module in the post-test.

Conclusion
Based on the analysis of the findings of the study, the following inference was drawn. There was increase in the knowledge scores in all the areas included in the study after administration of self instructional module. Thus it was inferred that self instructional module was effective in increasing the knowledge of nurses.
Recurrent Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) in Women
Authors: Puri Randhir 
Published: April 2010

Abstract
Recurrent lower urinary tract infections (UTIs) are usually defined as two or more episodes of such infection occurring in the preceding 12 months. In most cases, such infections are the result of sexual habits and hygiene (e.g., women who are sexually active, especially those using diaphragms and/or spermatocides).
A clean-catch or catheterized specimen for culture typically reveals greater than 100,000 organisms per milliliter of urine. The typical infecting organism is Escherichia coli. The route of infection is ascending from the perianal area and vagina via the urethra and into the bladder.
However, in uncomplicated lower UTIs, there is complete clearing of bacteriuria and hematuria with appropriate antimicrobial therapy. In some cases, single-dose antimicrobial therapy after intercourse or at the onset of irritative voiding symptoms is adequate to control frequent recurrences of cystitis.
Uncomplicated recurrent lower UTIs in women must be differentiated from “reinfection,” which may indicate causes such as a vesicovaginal or vesicoenteric fistula or a paravesical abscess with fistula to the bladder. Furthermore, “bacterial persistence” is defined as an infection with the same organism, typically from a site within the urinary tract, after the bacteriuria has resolved for at least several days and antimicrobial therapy has ceased. Causes of bacterial persistence include calculi, foreign bodies, urethral or bladder diverticula, infected urachal cyst, and postoperative changes such as a remaining ureteral stump that retains urine and results in stasis. In such patients with frequent recurrences and reinfections with the same bacteria, imaging is indicated to detect a treatable condition and monitor its progress. Compromised immunity needs attention to avoid longstanding morbidity. Vaccine developed will lead more prevention in future.
Ectopic Pregnancy and its Effect on Future Fertility
Authors: Karki Chanda , Karki Anjana 
Published: April 2010

Abstract
A hospital based study on ectopic pregnancy was carried out at B and B Hospital, Gwarkhu, Kathmandu over a period of 8 years. During this period 88 patients came for the treatment of ectopic pregnancy. Their background information was recorded and almost all of them were managed surgically. The incidence of ectopic pregnancy is found to be 1.8% of all women admitted in the hospital with pregnancy related conditions. Sixty-six (77%) of them were of less than 30 years age. They presented with wide spectrum of symptoms and signs ranging from amenorrhea, abdominal pain and abnormal vaginal bleeding. Almost all (97.76%) of them had tubal pregnancy with 92% presenting in an acute stage with ruptured gestational sac. Two of these women lost their life due to this pathology. Out of the remaining 86 women, 71(82.55%) expressed the desire to try for another pregnancy in future. Few (5.84%) of them were true defaulters and could not be followed up. A follow-up study was done therefore on remaining 66(76.74%) patients who desired to be pregnant again after this ectopic pregnancy. The main objective of the study was to assess the future fertility of these 66 patients. Eighteen percent of them remained infertile and 82% (54) of them became pregnant. Twelve (18%) of them had repeat ectopic pregnancy, whereas 42 (63.63%) of them had intrauterine pregnancy. Out of 42 intrauterine pregnancies, only 39(59.09%) were able to continue the pregnancy till term and three pregnancies (4.54%) ended-up with spontaneous miscarriage.
Non-descended Vaginal Hysterectomy—Is a Reasonable Alternative to LAVH?
Authors: Khanam Nurun Nahar , Chakma Bidisha , Chowdhury Saleha Begum , Nahar Khairun , Rahman Nusrat , Homaira Rhea 
Published: April 2010

Abstract
This randomized case control clinical trial has been designed to assess whether non-descended vaginal hysterectomy (NDVH) can be performed as an alternative to laparoscopic assisted vaginal hysterectomy (LAVH).
The study was conducted in the Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU) Hospital, Dhaka over a period of one year. Patients admitted for hysterectomy were the study population. DUB, fibroid uterus < 12 weeks size and adenomyosis were inclusion criteria. A total of 30 patients were consecutively selected and then randomly assigned by lottery method for LAVH and NDVH. The test statistics used to analyze the data were descriptive statistics, Fisher's Exact Probability test and Mann Whitney Test.
The mean age, socioeconomic condition, duration of marriage, parity, size of the uterus and indications of operation was similar in both groups. The patients of LAVH group have had significantly higher mean operation time (p < 0.001). One patient of LAVH group has got bladder injury and the operation had to be switched over to abdominal hysterectomy. The LAVH group exhibited significantly less hemoglobin level on 3rd postoperative day (p < 0.001). However, the total amount of analgesics needed was much higher in the NDVH group (p < 0.005) and the total cost of operation was significantly higher in the LAVH group (p < 0.001). No difference was observed in terms of day of discharge and day of disappearance of pain.
Laparoscopically assisted technique in the filed of gynecology of the developing country is newer one. Training on the laparoscopic technique and concomitant reduction of anesthesia and surgeon charges is very much necessary to make the technique popular. Considering the operating time and expenditure the non-descended method might be a very good alternative to laparoscopic one especially in the developing country.
Programmed Labor—Indegenous Protocol to Optimize Labor Outcome
Authors: Malhotra Narendra , Patki Ameet , Thanawala Uday , Bhide Amarnath , Daftary Shirish N , Desai Shyam V , Levi Jesse 
Published: April 2010

ABSTRACT

Objective
To Asses and develop an indigenous protocol to optimize labour outcome, as Programmed Labor.

Design
Open, prospective (Between January 2000 to December 2007), randomized, parallel group, monocentric, comparative matching trial.

Settings
Labor rooms at Nowrosjee Wadia Maternity, Mumbai.

Selection criteria
200 patients in each group, aged between 21-30, as low-risk parturient.

Intervention
Partography, Oxytocin, Primiprost, Pentazocin, Dizepam, Tramadol, Drotin, Ketamine.

Outcome parameters
Satisfactory obstetric outcome, progressive labor of shorter duration, less blood loss and pain relief.

Results
Study group had mean shorter duration of active labor as 3.5 hrs compared to controls of 5.2 hrs. Excellant pain relief was of 24 and 62% of substantial relief in comparison to 32% only in other group with no patient falling in excellent group. Second stage of labor was reduced by half (26 to 48 meters) and lesser third stage blood loss.

Conclusions
Programmed labor with indigenous protocol developed and practiced, results in progressive, shorter, and comfortable labors with lesser blood loss.