bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gestational weight gain of women with eating disorders in the Norwegian pregnancy cohort
Authors: Siega‐Riz Anna Maria , Von Holle Ann , Haugen Margaretha , Meltzer Helle Margrete , Hamer Robert , Torgersen Leila , Berg Cecilie Knoph , Reichborn‐Kjennerud Ted , Bulik Cynthia M. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractObjective:To examine the amount of weight women with eating disorders [anorexia nervosa (AN), bulimia nervosa (BN), and binge eating disorder (BED)] gained during pregnancy and to evaluate the adequacy of total weight gain.Method:Data from the Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study were used in a cross‐sectional manner, n = 35,148. Descriptive statistics and Generalized Estimating Equations to calculate the relative risk estimates were employed.Results:Mean gestational weight gain for the entire sample was 2.5 kg at 17.0–20.1 weeks gestation, 9.3 kg at 27.4–29.7 weeks gestation and 15.0 kg at delivery. Women with BN and BED gained significantly more weight on average than those with no eating disorders at each time point. Women with AN had a lower risk (AOR = 0.65 (0.24, 1.72) of gaining inadequately while women with BN and BED were more likely to gain excessively, AOR = 1.09 (1.01, 1.18) and 1.11 (1.08, 1.14), respectively.Discussion:The pattern of weight gain identified for each eating disorder subtype may help explain the birth outcomes of women with eating disorders. © 2010 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (Int J Eat Disord 2011; 44:428–434)
Delayed effects of exposure to a moderate radiation dose on transcription profiles in human primary fibroblasts
Authors: Mello Stephano S. , Fachin Ana L. , Junta Cristina M. , Sandrin‐Garcia Paula , Donadi Eduardo A. , Passos Geraldo A. S. , Sakamoto‐Hojo Elza T. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractIonizing radiation (IR) is used in a wide variety of medical and nonmedical applications and poses a potential threat to human health. Knowledge of changes in gene expression in irradiated cells may be helpful for the establishment of effective paradigms for radiation protection. IR‐induced DNA damage triggers a complex cascade of signal transduction. Recently, genome‐wide approaches have allowed the detection of alterations in gene expression across a wide range of radiation doses. However, the delayed or long‐term biological effects of mild‐doses of IR remain largely unknown. The main objective of the present study was to investigate the effects of a moderate dose of gamma‐rays (50 cGy) on gene expression 6 days post‐irradiation. Gene expression using cDNA microarrays revealed statistically significant changes in the expression of 59 genes (FDR < 0.07), whose functions are related to cell‐cycle control, protein trafficking, ubiquitin cycle, Rho‐GTPAse pathway, protein phosphatase signalization, oxidoreductase control, and stress response. A set of 464 genes was also selected by a less stringent approach, and we demonstrate that this broader set of genes can efficiently distinguish the irradiated samples from the unirradiated, defining a long‐term IR signature in human primary fibroblasts. Our findings support the existence of persistent responses to mild doses of IR detectable by changes in gene expression profiles. These results provide insight into delayed effects observed in human primary cells as well as the role of long‐term response in neoplastic transformation. Environ. Mol. Mutagen. 52:117–129, 2011. © 2010Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Analysis of t(15;17) chromosomal breakpoint sequences in therapy‐related versus de novo acute promyelocytic leukemia: Association of DNA breaks with specific DNA motifs at PML and RARA loci
Authors: Hasan Syed Khizer , Ottone Tiziana , Schlenk Richard F. , Xiao Yuanyuan , Wiemels Joseph L. , Mitra Maria Enza , Bernasconi Paolo , Di Raimondo Francesco , Stanghellini Maria Teresa Lupo , Marco Pepa , Mays Ashley N. , Döhner Hartmut , Sanz Miguel A. , Amadori Sergio , Grimwade David , Lo‐Coco Francesco 
Published: May 2010

AbstractWe compared genomic breakpoints at the PML and RARA loci in 23 patients with therapy‐related acute promyelocytic leukemia (t‐APL) and 25 de novo APL cases.Eighteen of 23 t‐APL cases received the topoisomerase II poison mitoxantrone for their primary disorder. DNA breaks were clustered in a previously reported 8 bp “hot spot” region of PML corresponding to a preferred site of mitoxantrone‐induced DNA topoisomerase II‐mediated cleavage in 39% of t‐APL occurring in patients exposed to this agent and in none of the cases arising de novo (P = 0.007). As to RARA breakpoints, clustering in a 3′ region of intron 2 (region B) was found in 65% of t‐APL and 28% of de novo APL patients, respectively. Scan statistics revealed significant clustering of RARA breakpoints in region B in t‐APL cases (P = 0.001) as compared to de novo APL (P = 1). Furthermore, ∼300 bp downstream of RARA region B contained a sequence highly homologous to a topoisomerase II consensus sequence. Biased distribution of DNA breakpoints at both PML and RARA loci suggest the existence of different pathogenetic mechanisms in t‐APL as compared with de novo APL. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
GLO1—A novel amplified gene in human cancer
Authors: Santarius Thomas , Bignell Graham R. , Greenman Chris D. , Widaa Sara , Chen Lina , Mahoney Claire L. , Butler Adam , Edkins Sarah , Waris Sahar , Thornalley Paul J. , Futreal P. Andrew , Stratton Michael R. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractTo identify a novel amplified cancer gene a systematic screen of 975 human cancer DNA samples, 750 cell lines and 225 primary tumors, using the Affymetrix 10K SNP microarray was undertaken. The screen identified 193 amplicons. A previously uncharacterized amplicon located on 6p21.2 whose 1 Mb minimal common amplified region contained eight genes (GLO1, DNAH8, GLP1R, C6orf64, KCNK5, KCNK17, KCNK16, and C6orf102) was further investigated to determine which gene(s) are the biological targets of this amplicon. Real time quantitative PCR (qPCR) analysis of all amplicon 6p21.2 genes in 618 human cancer cell lines identified GLO1, encoding glyoxalase 1, to be the most frequently amplified gene [twofold or greater amplification in 8.4% (49/536) of cancers]. Also the association between amplification and overexpression was greatest for GLO1. RNAi knockdown of GLO1 had the greatest and most consistent impact on cell accumulation and apoptosis. Cell lines with GLO1 amplification were more sensitive to inhibition of GLO1 by bromobenzylglutathione cyclopentyl diester (BBGC). Subsequent qPCR of 520 primary tumor samples identified twofold and greater amplification of GLO1 in 8/37 (22%) of breast, 12/71 (17%) of sarcomas, 6/53 (11.3%) of nonsmall cell lung, 2/23 (8.7%) of bladder, 6/93 (6.5%) of renal and 5/83 (6%) of gastric cancers. Amplification of GLO1 was rare in colon cancer (1/35) and glioma (1/94). Collectively the results indicate that GLO1 is at least one of the targets of gene amplification on 6p21.2 and may represent a useful target for therapy in cancers with GLO1 amplification. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The interrelationship between movement and cognition: Theta rhythm and the P300 event‐related potential
Authors: Shin Jonghan 
Published: May 2010

AbstractThe relationship among brain electrophysiological activity, motor activity, and cognition has been a matter of great interest. For example, it has been discussed whether hippocampal theta rhythm reflects motor activity or cognitive activity, whereas it is widely accepted that the P300 event‐related potential (ERP) reflects cognitive processes such as updating working memory. Here, we investigated the interrelationships among motor activity, hippocampal theta rhythm, and hippocampal P300 ERP using electrophysiological and behavioral data recorded from rats performing an auditory discrimination task (i.e., the auditory oddball paradigm) in a chamber with and without a running‐wheel. We found that the hippocampal theta rhythm generated during locomotion codes information about self‐motion, and event‐related increases in hippocampal theta rhythm observed when rats performed the auditory discrimination cognitive task reflect a change in motor behavior after learning the cognitive task. Interestingly, the hippocampal P300 ERP occurred coincidently with increases in the power and frequency of hippocampal theta rhythm. In addition, we found that changes in theta rhythm observed during spontaneous wheel running without performing a cognitive task as well as when performing the cognitive task are associated with changes in delta‐ and gamma‐band EEG activities. These major findings are discussed with respect to current hypotheses regarding P300 ERP and theta‐, delta‐, and gamma‐band EEG activities in brain functions. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Full 3D translational and rotational optical control of multiple rod‐shaped bacteria
Authors: Hörner Florian , Woerdemann Mike , Müller Stephanie , Maier Berenike , Denz Cornelia 
Published: May 2010

AbstractThe class of rod‐shaped bacteria is an important example of non‐spherical objects where defined alignment is desired for the observation of intracellular processes or studies of the flagella. However, all available methods for orientational control of rod‐shaped bacteria are either limited with respect to the accessible rotational axes or feasible angles or restricted to one single bacterium. In this paper we demonstrate a scheme to orientate rod‐shaped bacteria with holographic optical tweezers (HOT) in any direction. While these bacteria have a strong preference to align along the direction of the incident laser beam, our scheme provides for the first time full rotational control of multiple bacteria with respect to any arbitrary axis. In combination with the translational control HOT inherently provide, this enables full control of all three translational and the two important rotational degrees of freedom of multiple rod‐shaped bacteria and allows one to arrange them in any desired configuration. (© 2010 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Improvements of network approach for analysis of the folding free‐energy surface of peptides and proteins
Authors: Jiang Xuewei , Chen Changjun , Xiao Yi 
Published: May 2010

AbstractFolding network is an effective approach to investigate the high‐dimensional free‐energy surface of peptide and protein folding, and it can avoid the limitations of the projected free‐energy surface based on two‐order parameters. In this article, we present improvements of the effectiveness and accuracy of the folding network analysis based on Markov cluster (MCL) algorithm. We used this approach to investigate the folding free‐energy surface of the beta‐hairpin peptide trpzip2 and found the folding network is able to determine the basins and folding paths of trpzip2 more clearly and accurately than the two‐dimensional free‐energy surface. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Chem, 2010
Incorporation of deMon2k as a new parallel quantum mechanical code for the PUPIL system
Authors: Bertran Oscar , Trickey S. B. , Torras Juan 
Published: May 2010

AbstractThe PUPIL system is a combination of software and protocols for the systematic linkage and interoperation of molecular dynamics and quantum mechanics codes to perform QM/MD (sometimes called QM/MM) calculations. The Gaussian03 and Amber packages were added to the PUPIL suite recently. However, efficient parallel QM codes are critical because calculation of the QM forces is the overwhelming majority of the computational load. Here we report details of incorporation of the deMon2k density functional suite as a new parallel QM code. An additional motivation is to add a highly optimized, purely DFT code. We illustrate with a demonstration study of the influence of perchlorate as a dopant ion of the poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene) conducting polymer in explicit acetonitrile solvent using Amber and deMon2k. We discuss unanticipated requirements for use of a scheme for semi‐empirical correction of Kohn‐Sham eigenvalues to give physically meaningful one‐electron gap energies. We provide comparison of both geometric parameters and electronic properties for nondoped and doped systems. We also present results comparing deMon2k and Gaussian03 calculation of forces for a short sequence of steps. We discuss briefly some difficult problems of quantum zone SCF convergence for the anionically doped system. The difficulties seem to be caused by well‐know deficiencies in simple approximate exchange‐correlation functionals. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Chem, 2010
MRT Letter: Spatial distribution of vancomycin‐induced damage in Staphylococcus epidermidis biofilm: An electron microscopic study
Authors: Singh Rachna , Ray Pallab , Das Anindita , Sharma Meera 
Published: May 2010

AbstractThis study was planned to elucidate the efficacy of antibiotics on Staphylococcus epidermidis and Staphylococcus aureus biofilms by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Biofilms of S. epidermidis ATCC 35984 and S. aureus ATCC 29213 were grown on black, polycarbonate membranes placed on tryptic soy agar plates for 48 h at 37°C, and then exposed to vancomycin or amikacin or ciprofloxacin at clinically achievable levels for 24 h at 37°C. The morphology of antibiotic‐treated and untreated biofilms was elucidated by SEM. SEM analysis indicated a differential affection of S. epidermidis ATCC 35984 in the center and periphery of biofilm upon treatment with vancomycin. The center of biofilm revealed damaged cells with sparse distribution, smaller size, and irregular shape, whereas cells in the periphery were unaffected. This differential distribution of susceptibility within S. epidermidis ATCC 35984 biofilms was specific for vancomycin only and was not observed on exposure to amikacin or ciprofloxacin. No such response was found in S.aureus ATCC 29213 biofilms. Thus, our study suggests a spatial distribution of vancomycin‐induced damage in S. epidermidis biofilms. To our knowledge, this is the first report that indicates a differential affection of S. epidermidis in the center and periphery of biofilm upon treatment with vancomycin. Studies on the factors controlling this differential distribution could provide valuable insights into the mechanisms of antimicrobial resistance in S. epidermidis biofilms. Microsc. Res. Tech., 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Immunoelectron microscopic characterization of nucleolus‐associated domains during hibernation
Authors: Malatesta Manuela , Zancanaro Carlo , Biggiogera Marco 
Published: May 2010

AbstractThe nucleolus represents a highly dynamic nuclear compartment involved in multiple functions and able to promptly respond to variations of metabolic needs. In the hibernator dormouse, which drastically modifies its metabolic activity during the seasonal cycle, the nucleolus undergoes structural and molecular changes during the torpor bouts; in particular, it shows many nucleoplasmic invaginations containing weakly contrasted areas of unknown nature. To analyze the molecular composition of these nucleolus‐associated domains (NADs) and to understand their functional significance, the fine nucleolar composition has been investigated by means of ultrastructural immunocytochemistry in different tissues of euthermic, hibernating, and arousing hazel dormice (Muscardinus avellanarius): in particular, the intranucleolar location of several protein factors involved in the transcription and processing of either pre‐rRNA or pre‐mRNA has been considered. NADs proved to form during hibernation and disappear upon arousal and were found to contain m3‐G‐capped snRNAs, snRNPs, hnRNPs, and the survival motor neuron protein; they were, on the contrary, devoid of the nucleolar factors tested (polymerase I, fibrillarin, nucleolin, and the ribosomal phosphoproteins P0, P1, and P2). We hypothesize that NADs may represent a transient storage site for those molecules involved in the pre‐mRNA splicing, which usually transit through the nucleolus; upon arousal, this would facilitate the resumption of RNA maturation by promoting the rapid reactivation of the molecular trafficking from the nucleolus. Microsc. Res. Tech. 74:47‐53, 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The mechanism of sex determination in vertebrates—are sex steroids the key‐factor?
Authors: Nakamura Masahisa 
Published: May 2010

AbstractIn many vertebrate species, sex is determined at fertilization of zygotes by sex chromosome composition, knows as genotypic sex determination (GSD). But in some species—fish, amphibians and reptiles—sex is determined by environmental factors; in particular by temperature‐dependent sex determination (TSD). However, little is known about the mechanisms involved in TSD and GSD. How does TSD differ from GSD? As is well known, genes that activated downstream of sex‐determining genes are conserved throughout all classes of vertebrates. What is the main factor that determines sex, then? Sex steroids can reverse sex of several species of vertebrate; estrogens induce the male‐to‐female sex‐reversal, whereas androgens do the female‐to‐male sex‐reversal. For such sex‐reversal, a functioning sex‐determining gene is not required. However, in R. rugosa CYP19 (P450 aromatase) is expressed at high levels in indifferent gonads before phenotypic sex determination, and the gene is also active in the bipotential gonad of females before sex determination. Thus, we may predict that an unknown factor, a common transcription factor locates on the X and/or W chromosome, intervenes directly or indirectly in the transcriptional up‐regulation of the CYP19 gene for feminization in species of vertebrates with both TSD and GSD. Similarly, an unknown factor on the Z and/or Y chromosome probably intervenes directly or indirectly in the regulation of androgen biosynthesis for masculinization. In both cases, a sex‐determining gene is not always necessary for sex determination. Taken together, sex steroids may be the key‐factor for sex determination in some species of vertebrates. J. Exp. Zool. 313A:381–398, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Cranial shape varies along an elevation gradient in Gambel's white‐footed mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus gambelii) in the Grinnell Resurvey Yosemite transect
Authors: Grieco T.M. , Rizk O.T. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractEnvironmental variation over a species's range creates differing pressures to which organisms must adjust in order to survive. Taxa can respond to these pressures at population and individual levels, leading to localized phenotypic differentiation. Assessing the spatial distribution of phenotypic variation can illuminate how dramatically varying environmental factors shape phenotypes and may forecast a taxon's ability to adapt should conditions change. We characterized morphological variation along a transect sampled in the Grinnell Resurvey project to determine whether Gambel's white‐footed mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus gambelii), a generalist taxon inhabiting the full elevational range of habitats in Yosemite National Park and surrounding areas, has responded morphologically to variation in its environment. We quantified variation in modern P. m. gambelii cranial shape using 2D generalized Procrustes analysis and Euclidean distance matrix‐based geometric morphometrics. We performed multivariate regression of shape coordinates on elevation to test for environmental influences on shape within the principal geographic dimension of change along the transect. We observe a statistically significant correlation with shape on elevation for occlusal and lateral views of the cranium, explaining a small percentage of the overall variation in shape. Modern P. m. gambelii crania show a pattern of flexion in which the angle of the cranial base decreases at higher elevations. Results of EDMA parallel these findings, but highlight additional areas of the cranium that vary with elevation. Collectively, the patterns of variation detected suggest a biological response to the environment that warrants further study. This work lays the foundation for comparison with morphological data from historical specimens, which can address evolutionary scenarios generated from our findings, and for investigation of other taxa included in the resurvey project. J. Morphol. 271:897–909, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Structure and occurrence of cyphonautes larvae (bryozoa, ectoprocta)
Authors: Nielsen Claus , Worsaae Katrine 
Published: May 2010

AbstractWe have studied larvae of the freshwater ctenostome Hislopia malayensis with scanning electron microscopy (SEM), confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM), and LM of serial sections. Some additional observations on larvae of M. membranacea using SEM and CLSM are also reported. The overall configuration of muscles, nerves, and cilia of the two larvae are identical. However, the larva of H. malayensis is much smaller than that of M. membranacea, which may explain most of the differences observed. Although all major nerves and muscle strands are present in H. malayensis, they are generally composed of fewer fibers. The H. malayensis larva lacks the anterior and posterior intervalve cilia. Its pyriform organ is unciliated with only a small central depression. The adhesive epithelium is not invaginated as an adhesive sac and lacks the large muscles interpreted as adhesive sac muscles in the M. membranacea larva. The velum carries two rows of ciliated cells, though the lower “row” consists of only one or two cells. Both rows of ciliated cells are innervated by nerves, which have not been detected in the M. membranacea larva. The ciliated ridge of H. malayensis lacks the frontal cilia. The planktotrophic cyphonautes larvae in a number of ctenostome clades and in the “basal” cheilostome clade Malacostega (and probably in the earliest cheilostomes) support the idea that the cyphonautes larva is the ancestral larval type of the Eurystomata. It may even represent the ancestral larval type of the bryozoans (= ectoprocts). J. Morphol. 271:1094‐1109, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The expression of estrogen receptors in the tenosynovium of postmenopausal women with idiopathic carpal tunnel syndrome
Authors: Kim Jae Kwang , Hann Hoo Jae , Kim Mi Jin , Kim Jeong Suh 
Published: May 2010

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to investigate estrogen receptor (ER) expression in tenosynovial tissues of postmenopausal woman with idiopathic carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) to determine whether estrogen contributes to the pathogenesis of this condition. Biopsy samples of tenosynovial tissues were collected from 14 postmenopausal women (mean age; 57, range; 46–69 years) undergoing surgery for idiopathic CTS, and control specimens of tenosynovial tissue were collected from 6 postmenopausal women (mean age; 59, range; 48–68 years) without CTS. Histological and immunohistochemical examinations were performed to determine the distributions of ER‐α and ER‐β in tenosynovial tissues. Histological examinations showed a significant increase in fibroblast cell densities in the specimens from the carpal tunnel syndrome patients. ER‐α and ER‐β immunoreactivities were observed in fibroblasts and in the synovial lining cells of tenosynovial tissues, and these were significantly greater in patients than in controls. This study suggests that the up‐regulations of ERs in the tenosynovial tissue are associated with idiopathic CTS in postmenopausal women. © 2010 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 28:1469–1474, 2010