bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hypoxic enlarged mitochondria protect cancer cells from apoptotic stimuli
Authors: Chiche Johanna , Rouleau Matthieu , Gounon Pierre , Brahimi‐Horn M. Christiane , Pouysségur Jacques , Mazure Nathalie M. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractIt is well established that cells exposed to the limiting oxygen microenvironment (hypoxia) of tumors acquire resistance to chemotherapy, through mechanisms not fully understood. We noted that a large number of cell lines showed protection from apoptotic stimuli, staurosporine, or etoposide, when exposed to long‐term hypoxia (72 h). In addition, these cells had unusual enlarged mitochondria that were induced in a HIF‐1‐dependent manner. Enlarged mitochondria were functional as they conserved their transmembrane potential and ATP production. Here we reveal that mitochondria of hypoxia‐induced chemotherapy‐resistant cells undergo a HIF‐1‐dependent and mitofusin‐1‐mediated change in morphology from a tubular network to an enlarged phenotype. An imbalance in mitochondrial fusion/fission occurs since silencing of not only the mitochondrial fusion protein mitofusin 1 but also BNIP3 and BNIP3L, two mitochondrial HIF‐targeted genes, reestablished a tubular morphology. Hypoxic cells were insensitive to staurosporine‐ and etoposide‐induced cell death, but the silencing of mitofusin, BNIP3, and BNIP3L restored sensitivity. Our results demonstrate that some cancer cells have developed yet another way to evade apoptosis in hypoxia, by inducing mitochondrial fusion and targeting BNIP3 and BNIP3L to mitochondrial membranes, thereby giving these cells a selective growth advantage. J. Cell. Physiol. 222: 648–657, 2010. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Selection of bead‐displayed, PNA‐encoded chemicals
Authors: Gassman Natalie R. , Nelli J. Patrick , Dutta Samrat , Kuhn Adam , Bonin Keith , Pianowski Zbigniew , Winssinger Nicolas , Guthold Martin , Macosko Jed C. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractThe lack of efficient identification and isolation methods for specific molecular binders has fundamentally limited drug discovery. Here, we have developed a method to select peptide nucleic acid (PNA) encoded molecules with specific functional properties from combinatorially generated libraries. This method consists of three essential stages: (1) creation of a Lab‐on‐Bead™ library, a one‐bead, one‐sequence library that, in turn, displays a library of candidate molecules, (2) fluorescence microscopy‐aided identification of single target‐bound beads and the extraction – wet or dry – of these beads and their attached candidate molecules by a micropipette manipulator, and (3) identification of the target‐binding candidate molecules via amplification and sequencing. This novel integration of techniques harnesses the sensitivity of DNA detection methods and the multiplexed and miniaturized nature of molecule screening to efficiently select and identify target‐binding molecules from large nucleic acid encoded chemical libraries. Beyond its potential to accelerate assays currently used for the discovery of new drug candidates, its simple bead‐based design allows for easy screening over a variety of prepared surfaces that can extend this technique's application to the discovery of diagnostic reagents and disease markers. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The influence of age on the associations between HR practices and both affective commitment and job satisfaction: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Kooij Dorien T. A. M. , Jansen Paul G. W. , Dikkers Josje S. E. , De Lange Annet H. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractResearch on the association between high commitment Human Resource (HR) practices and work‐related outcomes at the individual level rarely focuses on age differences. To fill this knowledge gap, a meta‐analysis has been conducted to examine how the relationships between the availability of high commitment HR practices, as perceived by employees, and affective commitment and job satisfaction change with age. Drawing on Selection, Optimization, and Compensation (SOC) theory and on Regulatory Focus theory, we identify a bundle of maintenance HR practices and a bundle of development HR practices, and hypothesize that the association between maintenance HR practices and work‐related attitudes strengthens with age, and that the association between development HR practices and work‐related attitudes weakens with age. Our meta‐analysis of 83 studies reveals that, in line with social exchange and signaling theories, employees' perceptions of HR practices are positively related to their work‐related attitudes, and that calendar age influences this relationship largely as expected. These results are discussed in light of the above mentioned theories. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Surface Segregation Assessment In Poly(ε‐caprolactone)‐poly(ethylene glycol) Multiblock Copolymer Films
Authors: Cometa Stefania , Chiellini Federica , Bartolozzi Irene , Chiellini Emo , De Giglio Elvira , Sabbatini Luigia 
Published: December 2009

AbstractThe ability to predict the in vivo performance of multiblock‐copolymer‐based biomaterials is crucial for their applicability in the biomedical field. In this work, XPS analysis of PCL‐PEG copolymers was carried out, as well as morphological and wettability evaluations by SEM and CA measurements, respectively. XPS analysis on films equilibrated in PBS demonstrated a further enrichment in the PEG component on the surface. Copolymer films obtained by casting using different solvents showed a dependence in segregation according to the solvent employed. Cell adhesion tests demonstrated the importance of copolymer segregation and rearrangement in a wet environment, with a dependence of these phenomena on the copolymer molecular weight.magnified image
Modification of EPDM with Alkylphenol Polysulfide for Use in Tire Sidewalls, 1 – Mechanical Properties
Authors: Zhang Hongmei , Datta Rabin N. , Talma Auke G. , Noordermeer Jacques W. M. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractAPPS has been used to modify EPDM in order to solve the cure incompatibility and heterogeneous filler distribution of NR/BR/EPDM blends for tire sidewall applications. The physical properties of the NR/BR/APPS‐EPDM blends are compared with an NR/BR/EPDM blend and a conventional NR/BR tire sidewall. It is demonstrated that the application of APPS‐EPDM leads to a significant improvement of the tensile properties, tear strength, and fatigue properties. The properties of the NR/BR/APPS‐EPDM blends are equivalent or even superior to those of conventional NR/BR tire sidewall compounds. The dynamic viscoelastic properties of the NR/BR/APPS‐EPDM blends are not quite comparable with the conventional NR/BR sidewall blend, but still greatly improved, compared to using virgin EPDM.magnified image
Modification of EPDM with Alkylphenol Polysulfide for Use in Tire Sidewalls, 2 – Mechanistic and Morphological Characterizations
Authors: Zhang Hongmei , Datta Rabin N. , Talma Auke G. , Lu Kangbo , Loos Joachim , Noordermeer Jacques W. M. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractIt has been shown that the mechanical properties of NR/BR/EPDM blends can be improved by using APPS as a modifier. In this paper, it is demonstrated that modification of EPDM with APPS takes place and saturation occurs when the APPS amount reaches 5 wt.‐%. It is shown that the rubber/carbon black affinity improves by using APPS‐grafted EPDM in the blend. TEM and STEM images clearly show that the NR/BR/APPS‐EPDM blend contains a significantly higher content of homogeneous rubber phase than the unmodified NR/BR/EPDM blend. The much better distribution of the carbon black in the APPS‐EPDM phase is considered the main reason for the improvement in properties of the blend.magnified image
Reconstruction of anterior through and through oromandibular defects following oncological resections
Authors: Bianchi Bernardo , Ferri Andrea , Ferrari Silvano , Copelli Chiara , Boni Pietro , Sesenna Enrico 
Published: December 2009

AbstractBackground:Resections of oromandibular squamous cell carcinoma involving anterior mandible, floor of the mouth, and the skin, lead to composite oromandibular defects that can be approached in several ways depending on the extension of the bone defect, of the soft tissue and cutaneous resection, the patient's general status, and the prognosis.Methods:A retrospective evaluation of 27 patients has been performed. The techniques described included single osseous or soft tissues free flap reconstruction, two free flaps or free and locoregional flap association.Results:Postoperative follow‐up ranged from 12 to 120 months. Final results were evaluated with regards to deglutition, speech, oral competence, and esthetic outcome.Conclusion:Reconstruction of the anterior mandible is strongly indicated whenever possible. When the defect involves the tongue, the best results are provided by the association of two free flaps. Finally, the association of free and locoregional flaps ia a good option for external coverage reconstruction. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. Microsurgery, 2010.
A stress‐return algorithm for nonlocal constitutive models of softening materials
Authors: Nguyen Giang D. , Einav Itai 
Published: December 2009

AbstractWe develop a fully implicit stress‐return algorithm for a wide range of nonlocal inelastic models (of integral type) with coupling among integration points. Two examples of nonlocal models are presented, which combine plasticity with either damage or breakage. Using these models, we emphasize the need for a versatile integration scheme for nonlocal incremental constitutive equations. Furthermore, these models are used to demonstrate the importance of adequately selecting the way constitutive equations for softening materials are regularized. The stress update process requires the construction of a nonlocal constitutive matrix: we highlight and take advantage of its sparsity. Numerical solutions to relevant structural and geomechanical boundary value problems are used to demonstrate the performance of the proposed approach. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Lipophilic constituents from aerial and root parts of Mercurialis perennis L.
Authors: Lorenz Peter , Hradecky Marc , Berger Melanie , Bertrams Julia , Meyer Ulrich , Stintzing Florian C. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractIntroduction – Dog's mercury (Mercurialis perennis L.) is a perennial herb used in remedies for medicinal purposes. The plant is supposed to contain potentially active substances but its constituents have only been rarely studied.Objective – Detailed studies on the phytochemical composition are of great interest to broaden the knowledge on the chemotaxonomy and pharmacognosy of M. perennis.Methodology – Chloroform and hexane extracts from roots and aerial parts were investigated using GC/MS and LC/MS.Results – The whole plant exhihited a broad spectrum of structurally diverse constituents, mainly alkaloids, terpenes, sterols and simple aromatic compounds. Closer inspection of the piperidine alkaloid hermidin revealed its inherent instability towards air oxygen. To obtain quantitative data on these alkaloids the synthesis of the more stable reference compound 4‐methoxy‐1‐methylpyridine‐2,6(1H,3H)‐dione (MMPD) was required. In this study, MMPD was detected for the first time as a genuine compound in Mercurialis. Hermidine quinone and hermidin dimers originating from hermidin via a free anionic radical reaction were also confirmed by GC/MS. Moreover, volatile compounds such as benzylalcohol, 2‐phenylethanol, 4‐methoxy‐ and 3,4‐dimethoxyphenol, (−)‐cis‐ and (+)‐trans‐myrtanol, (−)‐cis‐myrtanal as well as squalene were predominantely present in Mercurialis roots. In contrast, aerial parts mainly contained phytol derivatives, sterols and tocopherols. By changing solvent polarity, lipid and wax‐containing fractions were obtained. LC/MS‐studies on hexane extracts showed the presence of several mixed triglycerides constituted by linolenic, linoleic, oleic, stearic and palmitic acids, as well as lutein, carotenes and pheophytins.Conclusions – The phytochemical data presented complement our knowledge on the rarely studied plant M. perennis and may broaden its use in future phytotherapy. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A new method for the improvement of data production in phytochemical analysis
Authors: Ponte‐e‐Sousa João , Neto‐Vaz António 
Published: December 2009

AbstractIntroduction – The use of the average analytical signal for the construction of curves by the least squares method (LSM) over the standard addition method (SAM) is widespread. It would be advantageous, however, to find a way to avoid intermediary averages, which are known to be the cause of significant increases in standard deviations (SD).Objective – To develop a protocol that uses all gathered data to create curves by LSM over SAM. To use Excel® for the estimation of y = mx + b and R2 rather than using LSM equations for the SD of m, x and b.Methodology – The level of lead (II) in the bark (cork) of Quercus suber Linnaeus was determined using differential pulse anodic stripping voltammetry (DPASV). Three current samples were taken for each of the four standard additions. These signals were combined for adjustment by LSM. The results were compared with those obtained after averaging the current for each addition, and the expression of uncertainty in the measurements determined.Results – The new method shows an expanded uncertainty of ± 0.3321 μg/g (nearly 1.42%). The difference between the results obtained by the new and the old method is 0.01 μg/g (23.41 and 23.40 μg/g). The limit of detection changed approximately from 4.8 to 4 μg/g and the relative SD approximately from 9 to 6%.Conclusion – The absence of intermediary averages in curves improved the determination of lead (II) in cork by DPASV. Estimation of SD only with LSM equations produced results that were significantly worse. The changes are large enough to transform an apparently internally non‐validated procedure (repeatability for precision) into an internally validated procedure. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Immunoproteomics of the active degradome to identify biomarkers for Trichomonas vaginalis
Authors: Ramón‐Luing Lucero A. , Rendón‐Gandarilla Francisco J. , Cárdenas‐Guerra Rosa E. , Rodríguez‐Cabrera Norma A. , Ortega‐López Jaime , Avila‐González Leticia , Angel‐Ortiz Claudia , Herrera‐Sánchez Carmen N. , Mendoza‐García Manuela , Arroyo Rossana 
Published: December 2009

AbstractTrichomonas vaginalis, a sexually transmitted parasite, has many cysteine proteinases (CPs); some are involved in trichomonal pathogenesis, express during infection, and antibodies against CPs have been detected in patient sera. The goal of this study was to identify the antigenic proteinases of T. vaginalis as potential biomarkers for trichomonosis. The proteases detected when T. vaginalis protein extracts are incubated without protease inhibitors, the trichomonad‐active degradome, and the immunoproteome were obtained by using 2‐DE, 2‐D‐zymograms, 2‐D‐Western blot (WB) assays with trichomonosis patient sera, and MS analysis. Forty‐nine silver‐stained spots were detected in the region of 200–21 kDa of parasite protease‐resistant extracts. A similar proteolytic pattern was observed in the 2‐D zymograms. Nine CPs were identified in the 30 kDa region (TvCP1, TvCP2, TvCP3, TvCP4, TvCP4‐like, TvCP12, TvCPT, TvLEGU‐1, and another legumain‐like CP). The major reactive spots to T. vaginalis‐positive patient sera by 2‐D‐WB corresponded to four papain‐like (TvCP2, TvCP4, TvCP4‐like, TvCPT), and one legumain‐like (TvLEGU‐1) CPs. The genes of TvCP4, TvCPT, and TvLEGU‐1 were cloned, sequenced, and expressed in Escherichia coli. Purified recombinant CPs were recognized by culture‐positive patient sera in 1‐D‐WB assays. These data show that some CPs could be potential biomarkers for serodiagnosis of trichomonosis.
Pycnogenol® improves left ventricular function in streptozotocin‐induced diabetic cardiomyopathy in rats
Authors: Klimas Jan , Kmecova Jana , Jankyova Stanislava , Yaghi Diana , Priesolova Elena , Kyselova Zuzana , Musil Peter , Ochodnicky Peter , Krenek Peter , Kyselovic Jan , Matyas Stefan 
Published: December 2009

AbstractWe studied whether Pycnogenol® (PYC) may attenuate the development of experimental streptozotocin‐induced diabetic cardiomyopathy in rat. In addition, we aimed to study whether PYC affects cardiac oxidative stress and the protein expression of reactive oxygen species (ROS)‐producing molecules (gp91phox‐containing NADPH oxidase and NO‐signalling proteins). Experimental diabetes mellitus was manifested by hyperglycaemia and impaired cardiac function estimated using left ventricular catheterisation in vivo. PYC lowered fasting plasma glucose and normalized basal cardiac function. Excessive oxidative stress in streptozotocin (STZ) hearts, evidenced by 40% increase (P < 0.05) of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) concentration, was associated with increased expression of gp91phox (by 75%, P < 0.05), iNOS (by 40%, P < 0.05) and alpha‐tubulin (by 49%, P < 0.05), but unchanged expression of eNOS and its alosteric regulators, as compared to CON. PYC failed to affect these expression abnormalities. Our study shows that PYC corrects diabetic cardiac dysfunction, probably by its metabolic and direct radical scavenging activity without affecting the molecular maladaptations of ROS‐producing enzymes and cytoskeletal components. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Withanamides in Withania somnifera fruit protect PC‐12 cells from β‐amyloid responsible for Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Jayaprakasam Bolleddula , Padmanabhan Kaillathe , Nair Muraleedharan G. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractAlzheimer's disease (AD) is an irreversible neurodegenerative disorder with symptoms of confusion, memory loss, and mood swings. The β‐amyloid peptide, with 39–42 amino acid residues (BAP), plays a significant role in the development of AD. Although there is no cure for AD, it can be managed with available drugs to some degree. Several studies have revealed that natural antioxidants, such as vitamin E, vitamin C and β‐carotene, may help in scavenging free radicals generated during the initiation and progression of this disease. Therefore, there has been considerable interest in plant phytochemicals with antioxidant property as potential agents to prevent the progression of AD. Our earlier investigations of the Withania somnifera fruit afforded lipid peroxidation inhibitory withanamides that are more potent than the commercial antioxidants. In this study, we have tested two major withanamides A (WA) and C (WC) for their ability to protect the PC‐12 cells, rat neuronal cells, from β‐amyloid induced cell damage. The cell death caused by β‐amyloid was negated by withanamide treatment. Molecular modeling studies showed that withanamides A and C uniquely bind to the active motif of β‐amyloid (25–35) and suggest that withanamides have the ability to prevent the fibril formation. Further understanding of the mechanism of action and in vivo efficacy of these withanamides may facilitate its development as a prophylaxis. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Evaluation of Brazilian plants on cancer chemoprevention targets in vitro
Authors: Endringer Denise C. , Valadares Ydia M. , Campana Priscilla R. V. , Campos Jussara J. , Guimarães Keller G. , Pezzuto John M. , Braga Fernão C. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractCancer is a leading cause of death worldwide. Cancer chemoprevention is one of the promising strategies to decrease its incidence and both plant extracts and natural products may constitute sources of new chemoprevention agents. Some Brazilian species popularly used to treat inflammatory conditions were selected for evaluation for cancer chemoprevention. A total of 32 extracts/fractions from Hancornia speciosa, Davilla elliptica, Jacaranda caroba, Mansoa hirsuta, Remija ferrugina, Solanum paniculatum and Xyris pterygoblephara, along with a mixture of ursolic and oleanolic acids obtained from J. caroba and a dihydroisocoumarin isolated from aerial parts of X. pterygoblephara were tested for their cancer chemoprevention activity [inhibition of 12‐O‐tetradecanoyl‐13‐acetate (TPA)‐mediated NF‐κB activation, ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) and cyclooxygenase‐1 (COX‐1); induction of antioxidant response element (ARE)]. Several extracts / fractions were active in more than one assay and those from H. speciosa, M. hirsuta and J. caroba mediated strong responses with NF‐κB, COX‐1 and ARE, respectively. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
β‐Carotene exhibits antioxidant and anti‐apoptotic properties to prevent ethanol‐induced cytotoxicity in isolated rat hepatocytes
Authors: Peng Hsiang‐Chi , Chen Jiun‐Rong , Chen Ya‐Ling , Yang Suh‐Ching , Yang Sien‐Sing 
Published: December 2009

AbstractThe study was designed to evaluate the effects of 1 μM β‐carotene on antioxidant status in ethanol‐treated rat hepatocytes and investigate possible anti‐apoptotic mechanisms of β‐carotene in protecting ethanol‐induced cytotoxicity. The isolated rat hepatocytes were incubated for 48 h in a medium with or without alcohol (100 mM) and μ‐carotene (1 μM) using the following groups: the control (C), β‐carotene (CB), ethanol (E), and ethanol + β‐carotene (EB) groups. The cell viability, antioxidative status, cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1) and caspase expressions in hepatocytes were measured. The E group demonstrated lower cell viability, glutathione (GSH) levels, and lipid peroxide accumulation in rat hepatocytes; meanwhile, CYP2E1, caspase‐3, and caspase‐9 expressions increased. In contrast, cell viability, GSH levels, and glutathione reductase (GRD) activity significantly increased while lipid peroxides and expressions of CYP2E1, casapse‐3, and caspase‐9 decreased in the EB group. The results suggest that ethanol treatment decreases cell viability in rat hepatocytes via induced oxidative stress. 1 μM β‐carotene decreased oxidative stress and prevented ethanol‐induced cell death by inhibiting caspase‐9 and caspase‐3 expression. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Quantification of triacylglycerol regioisomers by ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography and ammonia negative ion atmospheric pressure chemical ionization tandem mass spectrometry
Authors: Leskinen Heidi M. , Suomela Jukka‐Pekka , Kallio Heikki P. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractThe regioisomer composition of triacylglycerols (TAGs) in various vegetable oils was determined with a new liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS method). A direct inlet ammonia negative ion chemical ionization (NICI) MS/MS method was improved by adapting it to LC negative ion (NI) atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (APCI) MS/MS system using ammonia as nebulizer gas. The method is based on the preferential formation of [M–H–RCOOH–100]− ions during collision‐induced dissociation by loss of sn‐1/3 fatty acids from [M–H]− ions. Calibration curves were created from nine reference TAGs: Ala/L/L, Gla/L/L, L/L/O, L/O/O, P/O/O, P/P/O, Po/Po/V, Po/Po/O, and C/O/O. The calibration curves were used to quantify the regioisomer compositions of selected TAGs in rapeseed oil, sunflower seed oil, palm oil, black currant seed oil, and sea buckthorn pulp oil. The method discriminates the different regioisomers and the results obtained by this method were in good agreement with previous results. This proves that this new method can be used for the determination of regiospecific distribution of fatty acids in TAGs. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.