bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A radiomics‐based nomogram may be useful for predicting telomerase reverse transcriptase promoter mutation status in adult glioblastoma
Authors: Li Yao , Chen Ling , Huang Lizhao , Li Xuedong , Huang Qidan , Tang Lifang , Huang Zhiwei , Zhu Li , Li Tao 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackground and purposeAs a crucial diagnostic and prognostic biomarker, telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) promoter mutation holds immense significance for personalized treatment of patients with glioblastoma (GBM). In this study, we developed a radiomics nomogram to determine the TERT promoter mutation status and assessed its prognostic efficacy in GBM patients.MethodsThe study retrospectively included 145 GBM patients. A comprehensive set of 3736 radiomics features was extracted from preoperative magnetic resonance imaging, including T2‐weighted imaging, T1‐weighted imaging (T1WI), contrast‐enhanced T1WI, and fluid‐attenuated inversion recovery. The construction of the radiomics model was based on integrating the radiomics signature (rad‐score)with clinical features. Receiver‐operating characteristic curve analysis was employed to evaluate the discriminative ability of the prediction model, and the risk score was used to stratify patient outcomes.ResultsThe least absolute shrinkage and selection operator classifier identified 10 robust features for constructing the prediction model, and the radiomics nomogram exhibited excellent performance in predicting TERT promoter mutation status, with area under the curve values of.906 (95% confidence interval [CI]:.850–.963) and.899 (95% CI:.708–.966) in the training and validation sets, respectively. The clinical utility of the radiomics nomogram is further supported by calibration curve and decision curve analyses. Additionally, the radiomics nomogram effectively stratified GBM patients with significantly different prognoses (HR = 1.767, p = .019).ConclusionThe radiomics nomogram holds promise as a modality for evaluating TERT promoter mutations and prognostic outcomes in patients with GBM.
Comparing child and adult sexual homicides in Australia and New Zealand: A retrospective study
Authors: Ricono‐Kaufhold Sophia , Czarnietzki Marie , Darjee Rajan , Brooks Nathan , Nanev Aleshia , Davis Michael R. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe present study examined distinctions between child (n = 30) and adult (n = 212) sexual homicide offenders (SHOs) in Australia and New Zealand, contributing to the limited international research on the subject. Data, primarily sourced from judges' sentencing comments on AustLII and New Zealand Legal Information Institute, revealed significant differences. Child SHOs displayed elevated rates of pedophilia, sexual deviance, and adverse childhood experiences, including sexual abuse. They were more likely to be married, cohabitate, and target familial victims. Their crimes were more often committed during daylight and outdoors, involving tactics such as victim conning, restraints, strangulation, and hiding victim's bodies. No significant group differences emerged regarding offenders' psychopathy or sexual sadism scores. Results were interpreted in line with child SHOs' deviant sexual preferences and the routine activity theory. The study, as the first investigating child sexual homicides in Australia and New Zealand, sets the foundation for an evidence‐based approach to policy and practice.
Propionate‐producing engineered probiotics ameliorated murine ulcerative colitis by restoring anti‐inflammatory macrophage via the GPR43/HDAC1/IL‐10 axis
Authors: Kang Guangbo , Wang Xiaoli , Gao Mengxue , Wang Lina , Feng Zelin , Meng Shuxian , Wu Jiahao , Zhu Zhixin , Gao Xinran , Cao Xiaocang , Huang He 
Published: May 2024

AbstractInflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic and unspecific inflammatory disorder of the gastrointestinal tract, and current treatment options often fail to maintain long‐term remission. Studies have shown that propionate level is reduced in fecal samples from patients with IBD. Propionate can ameliorate IBD through intestinal epithelial cells and immune regulation, but its effects on the inflammatory microenvironment and macrophage differentiation have not been widely studied. To address this, we constructed an engineered propionate‐producing probiotic (EcNP3) to achieve sustained restoration of propionate levels in the gut and increase its bioavailability. DSS‐induced experimental intestinal inflammation model was used to evaluate the effect of EcNP3 on improving the intestinal mucosal barrier and increasing the proportion of anti‐inflammatory macrophages. It was found that EcNP3 exhibited a restorative effect on the depletion of peritoneal anti‐inflammatory macrophages (F4/80hiCD11bhi) and significantly improved the expression level of IL‐10. Simultaneously, the expression of IL‐1β, IL‐6, and CXCL1 was downregulated while inhibiting apoptosis of tissue‐resident macrophages ex vivo. Further investigation revealed that EcNP3 regulates IL‐10 expression through G protein‐coupled receptor 43 and histone deacetylase. Furthermore, EcNP3 significantly inhibited the protein expression of HDAC1 and promoted the histone acetylation level of cells. Finally, EcNP3 significantly improved DSS‐induced colitis in mice by increasing mucus production and reducing inflammatory infiltration. Our results suggest that the engineered live biotherapeutic product EcNP3 is a safe and potently efficacious treatment for IBD, which defines a novel strategy in IBD therapy through macrophage IL‐10 signaling.
Predictive modeling of on‐time graduation in computing engineering programs: A case study from Northern Chile
Authors: Quelopana Aldo , Keith Brian , Pizarro Ricardo 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIn the ever‐evolving landscape of 21st‐century education, this research seeks to understand the challenges of on‐time graduation for students in two related computing majors. In particular, we focus on the Universidad Católica del Norte computing engineering programs in Chile, specifically the “Computing and Informatics Civil Engineering” (ICCI) and “Computing and Informatics Execution Engineering” (IECI) programs. We developed a machine‐learning‐based model using random forests to predict delays in submissions of the final report of graduation projects, the key step in the graduation pipeline of the analyzed students. We had access to a data set comprised of 209 students in the period from 2013 to 2017, out of these students, only 111 completed all their graduation requirements. Thus, we focused on this subset of students for the analysis. Our analyses of results indicate that individual advisors minimally contribute to predicting timely or late submissions, emphasizing the need for a holistic approach. In contrast, the specific major, graduation modality, and time in the program play crucial roles, with GPA emerging as the most influential factor (24.06%). Notably, the “Professional Work” modality exhibits a moderate positive correlation with late submissions, contextualized by students' employment commitments. The study's predictive model offers actionable insights for educators and administrators, identifying at‐risk students and advocating for personalized support strategies. This research contributes to the ongoing dialogue on enhancing educational outcomes by integrating data‐driven approaches tailored to diverse student profiles.
Prediction of prognosis using artificial intelligence‐based histopathological image analysis in patients with soft tissue sarcomas
Authors: Hagi Tomohito , Nakamura Tomoki , Yuasa Hiroto , Uchida Katsunori , Asanuma Kunihiro , Sudo Akihiro , Wakabayahsi Tetsushi , Morita Kento 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundPrompt histopathological diagnosis with accuracy is required for soft tissue sarcomas (STSs) which are still challenging. In addition, the advances in artificial intelligence (AI) along with the development of pathology slides digitization may empower the demand for the prediction of behavior of STSs. In this article, we explored the application of deep learning for prediction of prognosis from histopathological images in patients with STS.MethodsOur retrospective study included a total of 35 histopathological slides from patients with STS. We trained Inception v3 which is proposed method of convolutional neural network based survivability estimation. F1 score which identify the accuracy and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) served as main outcome measures from a 4‐fold validation.ResultsThe cohort included 35 patients with a mean age of 64 years, and the mean follow‐up period was 34 months (2–66 months). Our deep learning method achieved AUC of 0.974 and an accuracy of 91.9% in predicting overall survival. Concerning with the prediction of metastasis‐free survival, the accuracy was 84.2% with the AUC of 0.852.ConclusionAI might be used to help pathologists with accurate prognosis prediction. This study could substantially improve the clinical management of patients with STS.
Causal effects of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy on future gynecologic tumors: A two‐sample Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Zhou Le , Liu Xinghui , He Guolin , Sun Chuntang 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundNumerous observational studies have investigated the potential link between hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDPs) and the subsequent risks of gynecologic tumors, yet the findings have been inconsistent. In this study, we utilized Mendelian randomization (MR) approach to assess the influence of HDPs on the future risks of ovarian, cervical, endometrial, and breast cancer and uterine fibroids, controlling for confounding factors.MethodsThe genome‐wide association studies (GWAS) summary data relevant to HDPs was obtained from the FinnGen databases (10,736 cases and 136,325 controls). Gynecologic tumor outcomes were extracted from the IEU Open GWAS project and UK Biobank (47,690 cases and 1, 092,073 controls). The inverse variance weighted (IVW) approach was selected as the principal method for MR analysis, supplemented by MR‐Egger, weighted median, weighted model, simple model methods, MR pleiotropy residual sum and outlier (MR‐PRESSO) test, and leave‐one‐out method. Multivariate MR (MVMR) analysis was conducted after adjusting systolic blood pressure (SBP), body mass index (BMI) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).ResultsOur univariate MR analysis (UVMR) results revealed no significant relationship between HDPs and the risks of ovarian cancer (odds ratio [OR] = 0.924, p = 0.360), cervical cancer (OR = 1.230, p = 0.738), endometrial cancer (OR = 1.006, p = 0.949), uterine fibroids (OR = 1.155, p = 0.158), and breast cancer (OR = 0.792, p = 0.241) by IVW test. Similar results were observed in gestational hypertension and preeclampsia/eclampsia. Additionally, our study detected neither heterogeneity nor pleiotropy. MVMR analysis also provided no evidence of a causal association between HDPs and common gynecologic tumors after adjusting SBP, BMI, and T2DM.ConclusionWe discovered no causal relationship between HDPs and ovarian, cervical, endometrial, breast cancer, and uterine fibroids in European populations. However, present analysis did not explore the effect of HDPs on the subtypes of gynecologic tumors across varied ethnic populations, which may require additional research.
The role of programmed cell death in osteosarcoma: From pathogenesis to therapy
Authors: Liu Suqing , Liu Chengtao , Wang Yian , Chen Jiewen , He Yujin , Hu Kaibo , Li Ting , Yang Junmei , Peng Jie , Hao Liang 
Published: May 2024

AbstractOsteosarcoma (OS) is a prevalent bone solid malignancy that primarily affects adolescents, particularly boys aged 14–19. This aggressive form of cancer often leads to deadly lung cancer due to its high migration ability. Experimental evidence suggests that programmed cell death (PCD) plays a crucial role in the development of osteosarcoma. Various forms of PCD, including apoptosis, ferroptosis, autophagy, necroptosis, and pyroptosis, contribute significantly to the progression of osteosarcoma. Additionally, different signaling pathways such as STAT3/c‐Myc signal pathway, JNK signl pathway, PI3k/AKT/mTOR signal pathway, WNT/β‐catenin signal pathway, and RhoA signal pathway can influence the development of osteosarcoma by regulating PCD in osteosarcoma cell. Therefore, targeting PCD and the associated signaling pathways could offer a promising therapeutic approach for treating osteosarcoma.
Epimedium Linn: A Comprehensive Review of Phytochemistry, Pharmacology, Clinical Applications and Quality Control
Authors: Chen Xiao‐Lin , Li Shi‐Xing , Ge Teng , Zhang Dong‐Dong , Wang Hai‐Fang , Wang Wei , Li Yu‐Ze , Song Xiao‐Mei 
Published: May 2024

AbstractEpimedium genus is a traditional Chinese medicine, which has functions of tonifying kidney and yang, strengthening tendons and bones, dispelling wind and emoving dampness. It is mainly used for the treatment of impotence and spermatorrhea, osteoporosis, Parkinson's, Alzheimer's, and cardiovascular diseases. The aim of this review is to provide a systematic summary of the phytochemistry, pharmacology, and clinical applications of the Epimedium Linn. In this paper, the relevant literature on Epimedium Linn. was collected from 1987 to the present day, and more than 274 chemical constituents, including flavonoids, phenylpropanoids, lignans, phenanthrenes, and others, were isolated from this genus. Modern pharmacological studies have shown that Epimedium Linn. has osteoprotective, neuroprotective, cardiovascular protective, and immune enhancing pharmacological effects. In addition, Epimedium Linn. has been commonly used to treat osteoporosis, erectile dysfunction, hypertension and cardiovascular disease. In this paper, the distribution of resources, chemical compositions, pharmacological effects, clinical applications and quality control of Epimedium Linn. are progressed to provide a reference for further research and development of the resources of this genus.
Lewis Acid‐Base Interactions as a Racemization Strategy for the Atroposelective Synthesis of (Hetero)biaryls via Dynamic Kinetic Resolution
Authors: Carmona José A. , Rodríguez‐Franco Carlos , Fernández Rosario , Lassaletta José M. , Hornillos Valentín 
Published: May 2024

AbstractDue to their molecular topology, atropisomers serve as highly valuable chiral frameworks for diverse applications across academic research and industry. Despite the availability of numerous established catalytic methods for their synthesis, there is still a high demand for the development of novel and resourceful strategies. In this concept article, we will detail our studies on the use of transient Lewis acid‐base interactions (LABI) as a dynamization strategy for the synthesis of (hetero)biaryl atropisomers by Dynamic Kinetic Resolution (DKR). The formation of cyclic transition states, resulting from the interaction between an acidic functionality and a basic counterpart, plays a key role in facilitating racemization by substantially reducing the barrier to atropisomerization. In this scenario, we have employed transformations aimed at neutralizing the acidic nature of the Lewis acid, ultimately leading to the formation of configurationally stable enantioenriched compounds. The design of substrates and the employment of stereoselective strategies based on transition metal and biocatalysis for their resolution is detailed. Specific emphasis on the preparation of axially chiral motifs commonly found in catalysis or medicinal chemistry will also be given.
Pilot Scale Pyrolysis and Simulation of Plastic Waste into a Value‐Added Product: An Integrated Approach
Authors: Osman Matin Darwisy , Selimi Nurizzati Erina , Juffri Abdul Bari , Mubarak Nabisab Mujawar , Karri Rama Rao 
Published: May 2024

AbstractPlastic waste is utilized aggressively for food, product packaging, cosmetics, toys, clothes, and even furniture. As a result, discarded plastic as a waste has grown uncontrollably worldwide, most of it ending up as landfill. With increasing concern, researchers have made efforts to convert this plastic waste into a more useful product. Along these lines, this study focuses on producing 10 tons of diesel per day through fast pyrolysis at 450 °C in the fluidized bed reactor for a feed rate of 3000 kg of plastic waste per hour. The production was simulated in Aspen HYSYS V11 to ensure the desired yield. Further, a detailed economic analysis is carried out to estimate the return on investment and total cost per year, as well as the payback period and the profit for different scenarios.
‘Passivated Precursor’ Approach to All‐Alkynyl‐Protected Gold Nanoclusters and Total Structure Determination of Au130
Authors: Lei Zhen , Zhao Pei , Guan Zong‐Jie , Nan Zi‐Ang , Ehara Masahiro , Wang Quan‐Ming 
Published: May 2024

AbstractA ‘passivated precursor’ approach is developed for the efficient synthesis and isolation of all‐alkynyl‐protected gold nanoclusters. Direct reduction of dpa‐passivated precursor Au‐dpa (Hdpa=2,2’‐dipyridylamine) in one‐pot under ambient conditions gives a series of clusters including Au22(C≡CR)18 (R=−C6H4−2−F), Au36(C≡CR)24, Au44(C≡CR)28, Au130(C≡CR)50, and Au144(C≡CR)60. These clusters can be well separated via column chromatography. The overall isolation yield of this series of clusters is 40 % (based on gold), which is much improved in comparison with previous approaches. It is notable that the molecular structure of the giant cluster Au130(C≡CR)50 is revealed, which presents important information for understanding the structure of the mysterious Au130 nanoclusters. Theoretical calculations indicated Au130(C≡CR)50 has a smaller HOMO‐LUMO gap than Au130(S−C6H4−4−CH3)50. This facile and reliable synthetic approach will greatly accelerate further studies on all‐alkynyl‐protected gold nanoclusters.
A Sodium Bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (NaFSI)‐based Multifunctional Electrolyte Stabilizes the Performance of NaNi1/3Fe1/3Mn1/3O2/hard Carbon Sodium‐ion Batteries
Authors: Fan Weizhen , Wang Wenlian , Xie Qixing , He Xin , Li Haijia , Zhao Jingwei , Nan Junmin 
Published: May 2024

AbstractA sodium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (NaFSI)‐based multifunctional electrolyte is developed by partially replacing NaPF6 salt in the electrolyte to improve the wide temperature range working capability of NaNi1/3Fe1/3Mn1/3O2/hard carbon (NNFM111/HC) sodium‐ion batteries (SIBs). The capacity retention of the SIBs with NaFSI‐NaPF6 dual salt electrolyte increases from 47.2 % to 75.5 % after 250 cycles at 25 °C, and from 51.0 % to 82.3 % after 80 cycles at 45 °C, and the 1 C discharge capacity retention at the low temperature of −20 °C also increases 26.8 %. In the single salt system, NaPF6 effectively passivate the aluminum foil and NaFSI passivate the electrode/electrolyte interface. The synergistic effect of NaPF6 and NaFSI greatly improves the battery performance in a wide temperature range. This NaFSI‐based dual salt electrolyte also effectively overcomes the flaws when the SIBs using NaFSI or NaPF6 independently, and makes it more suitable for SIBs, indicating promising prospects in the commercial application of NNFM111/HC SIBs.
Characterization of HpnG as a Purine Nucleoside Phosphorylase in Bacteriohopanepolyol Biosynthesis†
Authors: Li Xinhui , Zhu Xiaoyu , Zhong Yuting , Zhang Wei , Chen Fener , Wang Wenning , Ding Wei , Zhang Qi 
Published: May 2024

Comprehensive SummaryHpnG plays a crucial role in the production of ribosylhopane, a key intermediate in the biosynthesis of bacteriohopanepolyol. Despite early extensive studies, the precise function of HpnG has remained elusive. Here, we report functional characterization of HpnG as a purine nucleoside phosphorylase, which converts adenosylhopane to phosphoribosylhopane in the presence of phosphate. HpnG demonstrates broad substrate specificity and impressive stability, making it a valuable enzymatic tool for applications in nucleoside processing and related biotechnology.
Visible‐Light‐Induced Domino Cyclization to Access Pyrido[2,3‐d]pyrimidine‐2,4‐diones via a Radical‐Polar Crossover Reaction
Authors: Zuo Wanqing , Cheng Yu , Zhu Zhizhen , Zuo Lingling , Geng Xiao , Li Zhifang , Wang Lei 
Published: May 2024

Comprehensive SummaryCatalytic and green strategies for the synthesis of privileged scaffolds are synthetically appealing. We now report a radical‐polar crossover (RPC)‐enabled three‐component cyclization of bromodifluoroalkyls with enaminones and 6‐aminouraciles via a visible‐light‐induced domino cyclization. The reaction exhibited a broad substrate scope (> 40 examples) including complex molecules, which highlighted the utility of this strategy for the construction of a library of bioactive analogs.
Effect of high blood flow on heat distribution and ablation zone during microwave ablation‐numerical approach
Authors: Boregowda Gangadhara , Mariappan Panchatcharam 
Published: May 2024

AbstractMicrowave ablation has become a viable alternative for cancer treatment for patients who cannot undergo surgery. During this procedure, a single‐slot coaxial antenna is employed to effectively deliver microwave energy to the targeted tissue. The success of the treatment was measured by the amount of ablation zone created during the ablation procedure. The significantly large blood vessel placed near the antenna causes heat dissipation by convection around the blood vessel. The heat sink effect could result in insufficient ablation, raising the risk of local tumor recurrence. In this study, we investigated the heat loss due to large blood vessels and the relationship between blood velocity and temperature distribution. The hepatic artery, with a diameter of 4 mm and a height of 50 mm and two branches, is considered in the computational domain. The temperature profile, localized tissue contraction, and ablation zones were simulated for initial blood velocities 0.05, 0.1, and 0.16 m/s using the 3D Pennes bio‐heat equation, temperature–time dependent model, and cell death model, respectively. Temperature‐dependent blood velocity is modeled using the Navier–Stokes equation, and the fluid–solid interaction boundary is treated as a convective boundary. For discretization, we utilized elements for the wave propagation model, elements for the Pennes bio‐heat model, and elements for the Navier–Stokes equation, where represents the computational domain. The simulated results show that blood vessels and blood velocity have a significant impact on temperature distribution, tissue contraction, and the volume of the ablation zone.