bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Appropriate mowing can promote the growth of Anabasis aphylla through the auxin metabolism pathway
Authors: Jiang Ping , Han Peng , He Mengyao , Shui Guangling , Guo Chunping , Shah Sulaiman , Wang Zixuan , Wu Haokai , Li Jian , Pan Zhenyuan 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAnabasis aphylla(A. aphylla), a species of theAmaranthaceaefamily, is widely distributed in northwestern China and has high pharmacological value and ecological functions. However, the growth characteristics are poorly understood, impeding its industrial development for biopesticide development. Here, we explored the regenerative capacity ofA. aphylla. To this end, different lengths of the secondary branches of perennial branches were mowed at the end of March before sprouting. The four treatments were no mowing (M0) and mowing 1/3, 2/3, and the entire length of the secondary branches of perennial branches (M1–M3, respectively). Next, to evaluate the compensatory growth after mowing, new assimilate branches’ related traits were recorded every 30 days, and the final biomass was recorded. The mowed plants showed a greater growth rate of assimilation branches than un-mowed plants. Additionally, with the increasing mowing degree, the growth rate and the final biomass of assimilation branches showed a decreasing trend, with the greatest growth rate and final biomass in response to M1. To evaluate the mechanism of the compensatory growth after mowing, a combination of dynamic (0, 1, 5, and 8 days after mowing) plant hormone-targeted metabolomics and transcriptomics was performed for the M0 and M1 treatment. Overall, 26 plant hormone metabolites were detected, 6 of which significantly increased after mowing compared with control: Indole-3-acetyl-L-valine methyl ester, Indole-3-carboxylic acid, Indole-3-carboxaldehyde, Gibberellin A24, Gibberellin A4, and cis (+)-12-oxo-phytodienoic acid. Additionally, 2,402 differentially expressed genes were detected between the mowed plants and controls. By combining clustering analysis based on expression trends after mowing and gene ontology analysis of each cluster, 18 genes related to auxin metabolism were identified, 6 of which were significantly related to auxin synthesis. Our findings suggest that appropriate mowing can promoteA. aphyllagrowth, regulated by the auxin metabolic pathway, and lays the foundation for the development of the industrial value ofA. aphylla.
Women’s experiences of disrespect and abuse in Swiss facilities during the COVID-19 pandemic: a qualitative analysis of an open-ended question in the IMAgiNE EURO study
Authors: Abderhalden-Zellweger Alessia , de Labrusse Claire , Gemperle Michael , Grylka-Baeschlin Susanne , Pfund Anouck , Mueller Antonia N. , Mariani Ilaria , Pessa Valente Emanuelle , Lazzerini Marzia 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
The COVID-19 pandemic has challenged the provision of maternal care. The IMAgiNE EURO study investigates the Quality of Maternal and Newborn Care during the pandemic in over 20 countries, including Switzerland.

Aim
This study aims to understand women’s experiences of disrespect and abuse in Swiss health facilities during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods
Data were collected via an anonymous online survey on REDCap®. Women who gave birth between March 2020 and March 2022 and answered an open-ended question in the IMAgiNE EURO questionnaire were included in the study. A qualitative thematic analysis of the women’s comments was conducted using the International Confederation of Midwives’ RESPECT toolkit as a framework for analysis.

Findings
The data source for this study consisted of 199 comments provided by women in response to the open-ended question in the IMAgiNE EURO questionnaire. Analysis of these comments revealed clear patterns of disrespect and abuse in health facilities during the COVID-19 pandemic. These patterns include non-consensual care, with disregard for women’s choices and birth preferences; undignified care, characterised by disrespectful attitudes and a lack of empathy from healthcare professionals; and feelings of abandonment and neglect, including denial of companionship during childbirth and separation from newborns. Insufficient organisational and human resources in health facilities were identified as contributing factors to disrespectful care. Empathic relationships with healthcare professionals were reported to be the cornerstone of positive experiences.

Discussion
Swiss healthcare facilities showed shortcomings related to disrespect and abuse in maternal care. The pandemic context may have brought new challenges that compromised certain aspects of respectful care. The COVID-19 crisis also acted as a magnifying glass, potentially revealing and exacerbating pre-existing gaps and structural weaknesses within the healthcare system, including understaffing.

Conclusions
These findings should guide advocacy efforts, urging policy makers and health facilities to allocate adequate resources to ensure respectful and high-quality maternal care during pandemics and beyond.
Clinical application of serum tumor abnormal protein in prostate cancer patients
Authors: Fu Liusong , Zhang Chi , Wang Zewen , Tao Wei , Zhu Jin , Zhou Yibin , Sun Chuanyang , Xue Boxin , Yu Mengqi , Xu Lijun , Zang Yachen 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Purpose
To explore the clinical value of tumor abnormal protein (TAP) in the diagnosis and prognosis evaluation of prostate cancer.

Methods
This study enrolled a total of 265 patients who underwent prostate biopsy procedures from December 2017. TAP levels were assayed in their blood samples using a validated TAP testing kit. Comprehensive pathological assessments, including Gleason scores, TNM staging, and AJCC prognosis stages, were conducted on prostate cancer patients. Further analysis was carried out to examine the correlation between TAP expression levels and various clinical characteristics.

Results
A significantly elevated TAP concentration was discerned in prostate cancer patients relative to those with benign prostate hyperplasia. Moreover, a significantly elevated TAP expression was detected in prostate cancer patients with high Gleason score (≥ 8) and advanced stages (III and IV), as compared to those with Gleason scores of 6 and 7 and lower stages (I and II). When diagnosing prostate cancer in gray area of PSA, TAP demonstrated superior diagnostic capabilities over PSA alone, with higher diagnostic sensitivity, specificity and accuracy than fPSA/tPSA ratio. Additionally, post-surgical or hormonal treatment, there was a marked reduction in TAP expression level among prostate cancer patients.

Conclusion
The assessment of TAP presents itself as a promising tool for early diagnosis and holds potential for sensitivity in monitoring treatment reponse in prostate cancer patients.
Validation of the Korean version of the Summated Xerostomia Inventory among older adults residing in nursing homes
Authors: Moon SeolHwa , Oh Eunmi , Chung Daum , Choi Rina , Hong Gwi-Ryung Son 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
Xerostomia is commonly experienced by older individuals. We sought to develop and evaluate the reliability and validity of the Korean version of the Summated Xerostomia Inventory (K-SXI) among older adults residing in long-term care facilities (LTCFs) in Korea.

Methods
In this secondary data analysis study using cross-sectional data, a cross-cultural adaptation process was conducted for the Korean version before data collection. Data collection was conducted from July 2021 to January 2022, targeting 544 older adults in 16 LTCFs. Data analysis included intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) for test–retest reliability, and Cronbach’s α for internal consistency reliability. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were used to verify construct and convergent validity. Test–retest analysis was performed 6 weeks after baseline. Convergent and concurrent validities were assessed with age group and the xerostomia standard single question, respectively.

Results
A total of 544 older adults participated in this study. The mean of total K-SXI score was 11.70 (standard deviation, 4.96) points. The ICC value was calculated to be 0.90, and Cronbach’s α of K-SXI was 0.92. Exploratory factor analysis revealed a single factor, explaining 74.8% of the total variance, however, some goodness-of-fit indices of the single factor model were found to be unsuitable in confirmatory factor analysis. The convergent and concurrent validity were supported.

Conclusion
The present study provides evidence supporting the validity and reliability of the K-SXI for measuring xerostomia in institutionalized older adults in Korea.
The use of household items to support online surgical knot-tying skills training: a mixed methods study
Authors: Ebrahim Sumayyah , Kinoo Suman Mewa , Naidoo Maheshwar , Van Wyk Jacqueline Marina 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
This study investigated the perceptions and performance of medical students regarding their engagement and learning of a knot-tying skill presented in an online demonstration format due to the emergency remote measures that accompanied COVID-19 restrictions.

Methods
Final-year undergraduate medical students were invited to view an online demonstration of a one-handed knot-tying skill and practice the skill using common household items. They recorded their attempts and uploaded them onto the Flipgrid application. Completed attempts were scored using an adapted Objective Structured Assessment of Technical Skill (OSATS) validated tool. We used a mixed-methods sequential explanatory design; data regarding students’ engagement was gathered via a short questionnaire, and a Focus Group Discussion (FGD) was conducted to understand their learning experiences better. Descriptive statistics such as proportions and percentages were used to summarize categorical variables and median for continuous variables. Each video attempt was scored independently by two surgeons; reliability was determined using intraclass correlation; statistical tests were conducted at a 5% level of significance. Responses to open-ended survey questions and qualitative data from the FGDs were analysed using thematic analysis.

Results
Seventy-one students participated in the exercise. Most students (91.5%) expressed confidence in their ability to perform the skill and were able to follow the steps in the video demonstration (83.1%). Median number of times needed to practice before video submission was 7.0 (Interquartile range [IQR] 5.0–10.0). Using the adapted OSATS tool; median scores on student attempts were 19.0 out of 21 (IQR: 17.0–20.0) for Assessor 1 and 18.0 out of 21 (IQR: 17.0–20.0) for Assessor 2, and overall scores showed good reliability between assessors based on intraclass correlation (0.86, 95% CI 0.79–0.90, p < 0.001). Qualitative insights from the students’ experiences in learning the skill were generally positive; it was a practical, experiential learning process and they valued the social aspects of learning via Flipgrid. Challenges expressed related to the need for in-person training and formal feedback on how to improve their technique. Suggestions to improve their learning included a request for an interactive session with immediate feedback on attempts, and being able to practice with a friend who would assist with videoing.

Conclusion
Basic knot-tying can be taught with acceptable efficiency and student satisfaction using online methods with items available at home.
Interpretable machine learning model for predicting acute kidney injury in critically ill patients
Authors: Li Xunliang , Wang Peng , Zhu Yuke , Zhao Wenman , Pan Haifeng , Wang Deguang 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
This study aimed to create a method for promptly predicting acute kidney injury (AKI) in intensive care patients by applying interpretable, explainable artificial intelligence techniques.

Methods
Population data regarding intensive care patients were derived from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care IV database from 2008 to 2019. Machine learning (ML) techniques with six methods were created to construct the predicted models for AKI. The performance of each ML model was evaluated by comparing the areas under the curve (AUC). Local Interpretable Model-Agnostic Explanations (LIME) method and Shapley Additive exPlanation values were used to decipher the best model.

Results
According to inclusion and exclusion criteria, 53,150 severely sick individuals were included in the present study, of which 42,520 (80%) were assigned to the training group, and 10,630 (20%) were allocated to the validation group. Compared to the other five ML models, the eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) model greatly predicted AKI following ICU admission, with an AUC of 0.816. The top four contributing variables of the XGBoost model were SOFA score, weight, mechanical ventilation, and the Simplified Acute Physiology Score II. An AKI and Non-AKI cases were predicted separately using the LIME algorithm.

Conclusion
Overall, the constructed clinical feature-based ML models are excellent in predicting AKI in intensive care patients. It would be constructive for physicians to provide early support and timely intervention measures to intensive care patients at risk of AKI.
The moderating role of work environment in the relationship between proactive personality and personal growth initiative among nurses: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Xie Xia , Tan Jie , He Jie , Du Jiao , He Chuan , Li Zihao , Liu Youchi , Chen Yuqin 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Backgrounds
Personal growth initiative (PGI) is regarded as a meaningful concept with potential value at both the individual and organizational levels, but little is known about the factors that contribute to nurses’ PGI. This study aimed to explore how proactive personality and hospital work environment affect PGI of clinical nurses.

Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted between September and October 2022 among 4414 nurses from 10 tertiary general hospitals in 10 cities in Sichuan, China, using a two-stage sampling method. Self-reported anonymous online questionnaires, such as sociodemographic information survey, personal growth initiative scale II, the 10-item proactive personality scale, and practice environment scale-nursing work index were used to collect data. Multiple hierarchical regression analyses were performed to examine research hypotheses.

Results
Among the control variables in this study, nurses’ self-perceptions of general health status and professional title positively predicted PGI (β = 0.462, 95%CI = 0.272–0.653; β = 1.078, 95%CI = 0.508–1.648). After adding control variables, both proactive personality (β = 1.143, 95%CI = 1.096–1.190) and work environment (β = 3.391, 95%CI = 2.904–3.879) positively predicted PGI. The work environment positively moderated the association between proactive personality and PGI (β = 0.108, 95%CI = 0.025–0.191). These predictors jointly explained 50.3% of the variance in PGI.

Conclusions
Nurses with a greater tendency to have a typical proactive personality have higher levels of personal growth initiative, and this positive effect will be better highlighted in a healthier work environment. Nursing managers should prioritize the employment of people with proactive personality traits, focus on the development and stimulation of proactive personality traits in nurses, and establish a supportive work environment to maximize the personal growth initiative of nurses.
Genetic relatedness and diversity of Capillaria species infecting bayad (Bagrus bajad) in upper Egypt
Authors: Abd-Elrahman Salwa Mahmoud , Abdel-Rahman Salma M. , Bakir Hanaa Y. , Othman Ragaa A. , Khedr Abeer A. , Khalifa Mervat M. , Abdel-Hakeem Sara S. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
This study investigates the genetic characteristics of Capillaria isolates from the infected fish, Bagrus bajad, and their relation to human Capillaria philippinensis using Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD-PCR) analysis. Fifteen fish Capillaria were isolated and compared to identified human C. philippinensis using six primers: M-are, M-1, G-7, G-11, G-15, and G-18.

Results
All six primers successfully amplified DNA, highlighting their efficacy in distinguishing between human and fish Capillaria isolates. The analysis revealed distinctive banding patterns between fish and human isolates, with variations in size and number of DNA fragments. Additionally, genetic similarity analysis showed intriguing patterns of relatedness, with certain pairs exhibiting high similarity percentages. Comparative assessment of RAPD polymorphism demonstrated consistent findings of 100% polymorphism across all primers. The Unweighted Pair Group Method with Arithmetic Mean Algorithm (UPGMA) evaluated the closest relationship between human and fish isolates. These results underscore the utility of RAPD analysis in delineating the genetic diversity among Capillaria isolates from different hosts.

Conclusion
Overall, this study contributes to our understanding of the genetic variability and relatedness among Capillaria isolates, shedding light on their evolutionary dynamics and zoonotic potential.
Metabolomics reveals ascorbic acid inhibits ferroptosis in hepatocytes and boosts the effectiveness of anti-PD1 immunotherapy in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Sun Guoqiang , Liu Chuan , Lu Zhengqing , Zhang Jinyu , Cao Hengsong , Huang Tian , Dai Mingrui , Liu Hanyuan , Feng Tingting , Tang Weiwei , Xia Yongxiang 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
Immunotherapy combined with molecular targeted therapy is increasingly popular in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, immune-related adverse events(irAEs) brought on by immunotherapy increase the likelihood of side effects, thus it is important to look into ways to address this issue.

Methods
Different metabolite patterns were established by analyzing metabolomics data in liver tissue samples from 10 patients(divided into severe and mild liver injury) before and after immuno-targeted therapy. After establishing a subcutaneous tumor model of HCC, the mice were divided into PBS group, ascorbic acid(AA) group, and anti-PD1 + tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) group, anti-PD1 + TKI + AA group. Liver tissue were stained with hematoxylin-eosin staining(HE) and the content of aspartate transaminase (AST) and alanine transaminase(ALT) in blood were determined. The mechanism was confirmed by western blotting, mass cytometry, and other techniques.

Results
Through metabolomics analysis, AA was significantly reduced in the sample of patients with severe liver injury caused by immuno-targeted therapy compared to patients with mild liver injury. The addition of AA in vivo experiments demonstrated a reduction in liver injury in mice. In the liver tissues of the anti-PD1 + TKI + AA group, the protein expressions of SLC7A11,GPX4 and the level of glutathione(GSH) were found to be higher compared to the anti-PD1 + TKI group. Mass cytometry analysis revealed a significant increase in the CD11b+CD44+ PD-L1+ cell population in the AA group when compared to the PBS group.

Conclusions
AA could reduce liver injury by preventing hepatocyte SLC7A11/GPX4 ferroptosis and improve the immunotherapy effect of anti-PD1 by boosting CD11b+CD44+PD-L1+cell population in HCC.
Use of resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta (REBOA) for trauma and its performance in Japan over the past 18 years: a nationwide descriptive study
Authors: Hoshi Hiromasa , Endo Akira , Yamamoto Ryo , Yamakawa Kazuma , Suzuki Keisuke , Akutsu Tomohiro , Morishita Koji 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
Resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta (REBOA) has been used to control massive hemorrhages. Although there is no consensus on the efficacy of REBOA, it remains an option as a bridging therapy in non-trauma centers where trauma surgeons are not available. To better understand the current landscape of REBOA application, we examined changes in its usage, target population, and treatment outcomes in Japan, where immediate hemostasis procedures sometimes cannot be performed.

Methods
This retrospective observational study used the Japan Trauma Data Bank data. All cases in which REBOA was performed between January 2004 and December 2021 were included. The primary outcome was the in-hospital mortality rate. We analyzed mortality trends over time according to the number of cases, number of centers, severity of injury, and overall and subgroup mortality associated with REBOA usage. We performed a logistic analysis of mortality trends over time, adjusting for probability of survival based on the trauma and injury severity score.

Results
Overall, 2557 patients were treated with REBOA and were deemed eligible for inclusion. The median age of the participants was 55 years, and male patients constituted 65.3% of the study population. Blunt trauma accounted for approximately 93.0% of the cases. The number of cases and facilities that used REBOA increased until 2019. While the injury severity score and revised trauma score did not change throughout the observation period, the hospital mortality rate decreased from 91.3 to 50.9%. The REBOA group without severe head or spine injuries showed greater improvement in mortality than the all-patient group using REBOA and all-trauma patient group. The greatest improvement in mortality was observed in patients with systolic blood pressure ≥ 80 mmHg. The adjusted odds ratios for hospital mortality steadily declined, even after adjusting for the probability of survival.

Conclusions
While there was no significant change in patient severity, mortality of patients treated with REBOA decreased over time. Further research is required to determine the reasons for these improvements in trauma care.
Single-domain antibody-based protein degrader for synucleinopathies
Authors: Jiang Yixiang , Lin Yan , Tetlow Amber M. , Pan Ruimin , Ji Changyi , Kong Xiang-Peng , Congdon Erin E. , Sigurdsson Einar M. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractSynucleinopathies are a group of neurodegenerative diseases characterized by the accumulation of α-synuclein (α-syn) in the brain, leading to motor and neuropsychiatric symptoms. Currently, there are no known cures for synucleinopathies, and treatments mainly focus on symptom management. In this study, we developed a single-domain antibody (sdAb)-based protein degrader with features designed to enhance proteasomal degradation of α-syn. This sdAb derivative targets both α-syn and Cereblon (CRBN), a substrate-receptor for the E3-ubiquitin ligase CRL4CRBN, and thereby induces α-syn ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation. Our results indicate that this therapeutic candidate enhances proteasomal degradation of α-syn, in addition to the endogenous lysosomal degradation machinery. By promoting proteasomal degradation of α-syn, we improved clearance of α-syn in primary culture and mouse models of synucleinopathy. These findings indicate that our sdAb-based protein degrader is a promising therapeutic candidate for synucleinopathies. Considering that only a small percentage of antibodies enter the brain, more potent sdAbs with greater brain entry than whole antibodies could enhance clinical benefits of antibody-based therapies.