bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
From surgery to functional capacity: muscle strength modifications in women post sleeve gastrectomy
Authors: Bullo Valentina , Pavan Davide , Gobbo Stefano , Bortoletto Alessandro , Cugusi Lucia , Di Blasio Andrea , Pippi Roberto , Cruz-Diaz David , Bocalini Danilo Sales , Gasperetti Andrea , Vettor Roberto , Ermolao Andrea , Bergamin Marco 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
Severe obesity is characterized by excessive accumulation of fat generating a general health decline. Multidisciplinary treatment of obesity leads to significant weight loss in a few patients; therefore, many incur bariatric surgery. The main purpose of the study is to evaluate changes in functional capacity of people with obesity undergoing bariatric surgery and, in parallel, to correlate pre-surgery functional capacity with weight loss to improve exercise prescription during pre-operatory stage.

Methods
sixty women with diagnosed obesity were included. Maximal oxygen consumption, upper and lower limb strength and level of physical activity were recorded 1 month before and 6 months after sleeve gastrectomy.

Results
significant reduction on body weight (-30.1 kg) and Body Mass Index (-11.4 kg/m2) were highlighted after surgery. Absolute grip strength decreased significantly (-1.1 kg), while body weight normalized grip and lower limb strength increased significantly. The level of physical activity increased especially in leisure time (+ 593 METs/week) and active transport (+ 189.3 METs/week). Pre-surgery BMI and age predicted the amount of weight loss after surgery.

Conclusions
Sleeve gastrectomy induces a reduction of muscle strength despite the increase of time spent in physical activity. Further research is necessary to integrate these results with data on body composition, and objective evaluation of physical activity level to define useful information for exercise prescription in terms of surgery pre-habilitation.

Trial registration
Padova University Hospital Board (protocol n. 2027 dated January 12, 2017).
Determining the challenges and opportunities of virtual teaching during the COVID-19 pandemic: a mixed method study in the north of Iran
Authors: Ghanavatizadeh Aram , Mahmoudi Ghahraman , Jahani Mohammad-Ali , Hashemi Seyedeh Niko , Nikbakht Hossein-Ali , Abbasi Mahdi , Darzi Alameh , Soltani Seyed-Amir 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe aim of this study was to determine the challenges and opportunities of virtual education during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study was conducted in 2022–2023 with a mixed method. During the quantitative phase, we chose 507 students from Mazandaran Province medical universities (both governmental and non-governmental) by stratified random sampling and during the qualitative phase 16 experts were collected by purposive sampling until we reached data saturation. Data collecting tools consisted of questionnaires during the quantitative phase and semi-structured interview during the qualitative phase. Data was analyzed using SPSS21 and MAXQDA10. Mean scores of the total score was 122.28±23.96. We found a significant association between interaction dimension and background variables (P < 0.001). The most important privilege of virtual education is uploading the teaching material in the system so that students can access the material constantly and the most important challenge regarding virtual education is lack of proper network connection and limited bandwidth. Virtual education proved to be a suitable alternate to traditional methods of medical education during the COVID-19 pandemic in theoretical topics, we recommend that educational policymakers would take the necessary actions to provide the requirements and facilities needed to improve the quality of virtual education.
Semantic units: organizing knowledge graphs into semantically meaningful units of representation
Authors: Vogt Lars , Kuhn Tobias , Hoehndorf Robert 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
In today’s landscape of data management, the importance of knowledge graphs and ontologies is escalating as critical mechanisms aligned with the FAIR Guiding Principles—ensuring data and metadata are Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, and Reusable. We discuss three challenges that may hinder the effective exploitation of the full potential of FAIR knowledge graphs.

Results
We introduce “semantic units” as a conceptual solution, although currently exemplified only in a limited prototype. Semantic units structure a knowledge graph into identifiable and semantically meaningful subgraphs by adding another layer of triples on top of the conventional data layer. Semantic units and their subgraphs are represented by their own resource that instantiates a corresponding semantic unit class. We distinguish statement and compound units as basic categories of semantic units. A statement unit is the smallest, independent proposition that is semantically meaningful for a human reader. Depending on the relation of its underlying proposition, it consists of one or more triples. Organizing a knowledge graph into statement units results in a partition of the graph, with each triple belonging to exactly one statement unit. A compound unit, on the other hand, is a semantically meaningful collection of statement and compound units that form larger subgraphs. Some semantic units organize the graph into different levels of representational granularity, others orthogonally into different types of granularity trees or different frames of reference, structuring and organizing the knowledge graph into partially overlapping, partially enclosed subgraphs, each of which can be referenced by its own resource.

Conclusions
Semantic units, applicable in RDF/OWL and labeled property graphs, offer support for making statements about statements and facilitate graph-alignment, subgraph-matching, knowledge graph profiling, and for management of access restrictions to sensitive data. Additionally, we argue that organizing the graph into semantic units promotes the differentiation of ontological and discursive information, and that it also supports the differentiation of multiple frames of reference within the graph.
Numerical Analysis of Blast Behavior for Non-ideal Explosive ANFO in Shock-Tube Test
Authors: Shin Hyun-Seop , Kim Sung-Wook , Moon Jae-Heum , Park Gang-Kyu 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIn an explosion test using a shock tube, the behavior of pressure waves can be reproduced with high reliability. However, the explosion in a shock tube occurs in a confined space. It is difficult to predict the behavior of pressure waves and its effect on various concrete specimens by using the research findings related to free-field explosions. Moreover, few studies have focused on explosive-driven shock tubes. In this study, the behavior of pressure waves in a shock tube was numerically analyzed using a finite-element analysis program. The explosive used to generate the pressure waves was an ammonium nitrate fuel oil (ANFO), which exhibits non-ideal explosion characteristics. The Jones–Wilkins–Lee (JWL) and ignition-and-growth (I&G) equations of state were used for blast-pressure calculation. The analysis results were affected by factors such as the release rate of explosive energy and the development of the pressure waves in the confined explosion. The blast behaviors, such as the low release rate of explosive energy and the resulting increase in the impulse, were analyzed using the ignition-and-growth equation. The impulse produced during the development of waves reflected by the block installed at the tube inlet exceeded that produced by the tube wall. Such behaviors that occurred at the beginning of a blast affected the process of wave propagation along the shock tube and the wave reflection due to the test specimen at the outlet of the shock tube. In this study, the blast behavior in the shock tube, which could be referenced for the analysis of blast overpressure and its effect on concrete specimens, was numerically analyzed. Further research on the structural behaviors of concrete specimens due to blast overpressure is needed.
No effect of autistic traits on social attention: evidence based on single-cue and conflicting-cues scenarios
Authors: Chen Airui , Wang Meiyi , Dong Bo 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIndividuals often use others’ gaze and head directions to direct their attention. To investigate the influence of autistic traits on social attention, we conducted two experiments comparing groups with high and low autistic traits in single-cue (Experiment 1) and conflicting-cue (Experiment 2) scenarios. Our findings indicate that individuals responded more rapidly to the direction of a single social cue or the consensus of multiple cues. However, we did not observe significant differences in social attention between individuals with high and low autistic traits. Notably, as the stimulus onset asynchrony (SOA) increased, individuals with low autistic traits exhibited greater improvements in reaction speed compared to those with high autistic traits. This suggests that individuals with low autistic traits excel at leveraging temporal information to optimize their behavioral readiness over time, hinting at potential variations in cognitive flexibility related to autistic traits.
New records of bee flies (Bombyliidae, Diptera) from the United Arab Emirates
Authors: Roberts Huw , El-Hawagry Magdi S. A. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
Bombyliidae, a large Dipteran family, includes over 5380 species globally. Adults are frequently the primary pollinators of a wide variety of flowering plants, and larvae are predators of other holometabolous insects' immature stages. While 50 species of the family have been recorded in the UAE, a comparison with recent studies in neighboring countries suggests that this number underestimates the true diversity of Bombylliid fauna in the UAE.

Results
In the present study, eleven species, classified in nine genera, five tribes, and three subfamilies are added to the UAE’s bombyliid fauna for the first time. These species are Geron (Geron) gibbosus (Olivier, 1789) [subfamily Toxophorinae], Heterotropus aegyptiacus Paramonov, 1929, H. bisglaucus Bezzi, 1925 [subfamily Heterotropinae], Anthrax dentatus (Becker, 1906), A. zohrayensis El‐Hawagry, 2002, Satyramoeba bipunctata (Fabricius, 1805), Spogostylum incisurale (Macquart, 1840), Heteralonia (Zygodipla) submucorea Greathead, 1980, Exhyalanthrax triangularis (Bezzi, 1924), Petrorossia letho (Wiedemann, 1828), and Xeramoeba near salwae El Hawagry, 2001 [subfamily Anthracinae]. Three of the genera, Geron, Heterotropus and Satyramoeba, and two of the subfamilies, Toxophorinae and Heterotropinae, are recorded for the first time in the UAE. Distributions, diagnoses, remarks on feeding habits and photographs of recorded species are provided.

Conclusion
The present study adds eleven species to the UAE's bombyliid fauna, classified in nine genera, five tribes, and three subfamilies. This boosts the overall recorded number of bombyliid species in the UAE to 61 species.
Psychopharmacological management of obsessive–compulsive behaviour in children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorders: a narrative review
Authors: Ong Leong Tung , Chee Nicholas Ming Zher 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIn children and adolescents, autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and obsessive–compulsive disorders (OCD) may share similar features, such as deficits in social communication, repetitive behaviours and presence of obsession and compulsion. Studies have shown that children with OCD may exhibit the presence of ASD traits. Up to date research shows that selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors are commonly used to treat OCD, while treatment options for ASD are limited. A literature search was performed using the PubMed database and retrieving relevant papers up to December 2022. This review includes 9 case reports and 8 randomized controlled trials. The main psychopharmacological drugs used include antidepressants and antipsychotics. This review shows that the management of OCD behaviours in individuals with ASD and related conditions is of complex nature and pharmacological interventions may not be an effective method in managing this group of patients. Hence, more comprehensive research and deeper knowledge is important in optimizing pharmacological management for patients with OCD behaviours with underlying ASD.
Surgical management of cervical intramedullary cavernoma: case report and systematic review of the literature
Authors: Dokponou Yao Christian Hugues , Saad Moussa Elmi , Obame Fresnel Lutece Ontsi , Imbunhe Napoleão , Mohcine Salami , El Asri Abad Cherif , Gazzaz Miloud 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
Cavernous malformations can occur throughout the cerebral nervous system, most commonly located in the supratentorial compartment. The intramedullary location is rare and accounts for approximately 2.4% to 5% of all spinal vascular tumors. The cervical cord location and its clinical manifestations are underreported.

Methods
The authors report a case of spinal cord compression at the C5–C6 level by a cervical intramedullary cavernoma with a systematic review of the literature according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and meta-analysis guidelines. Relevant studies (1980 to 2023) that reported patients with cervical intramedullary cavernoma were identified from PubMed databases.

Results
A total of 29 studies reporting 423 patients were included in this study with a mean age of 40.5 ± 6.3 years old. The overall male-to-female ratio was 1:2.5 with a median duration of follow-up of 46 months [18.5–63.9]. The type of resection as well as the patient’s outcome was also reported.

Conclusion
Intramedullary cavernous angiomas are rare. Early surgical total resection of the symptomatic lesions in adequate conditions is crucial for good outcomes.
Computed tomography-guided trigeminal tractotomy-nucleotomy for refractory chronic craniofacial pain: a case report
Authors: Genc Cetin , Aydoseli Aydin 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
Refractory chronic craniofacial pain is a debilitating condition with limited treatment options. This case report presents the use of percutaneous computed tomography-guided trigeminal tractotomy-nucleotomy under general anesthesia in a patient with refractory trigeminal neuralgia and post-treatment anesthesia dolorosa. This case report expands the use of TR-NC to include treatment-resistant post-treatment anesthesia dolorosa and introduces real-time verification under anesthesia, potentially broadening access and improving precision, while highlighting the need for further research on long-term efficacy and patient selection for this promising technique.

Case presentation
A 50-year-old woman with 12 years of chronic facial pain in the opthalmic and maxillary trigeminal branches despite multiple surgical and medical interventions underwent computed tomography-guided trigeminal tractotomy-nucleotomy under general anesthesia. Initial pain relief was significant, but symptoms gradually returned within 12 months. Transient mild ataxia was the only complication.

Conclusion
This case suggests trigeminal tractotomy-nucleotomy under general anesthesia with real-time verification may be a valuable option for patients with refractory post-treatment anesthesia dolorosa. However, the transient nature of pain relief necessitates further investigation of long-term outcomes and optimal patient selection.
Integrating uterine microbiome and metabolome to advance the understanding of the uterine environment in dairy cows with metritis
Authors: Casaro S. , Prim J. G. , Gonzalez T. D. , Cunha F. , Bisinotto R. S. , Chebel R. C. , Santos J. E. P. , Nelson C. D. , Jeon S. J. , Bicalho R. C. , Driver J. P. , Galvão Klibs N. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
Metritis is a prevalent uterine disease that affects the welfare, fertility, and survival of dairy cows. The uterine microbiome from cows that develop metritis and those that remain healthy do not differ from calving until 2 days postpartum, after which there is a dysbiosis of the uterine microbiome characterized by a shift towards opportunistic pathogens such as Fusobacteriota and Bacteroidota. Whether these opportunistic pathogens proliferate and overtake the uterine commensals could be determined by the type of substrates present in the uterus. The objective of this study was to integrate uterine microbiome and metabolome data to advance the understanding of the uterine environment in dairy cows that develop metritis. Holstein cows (n = 104) had uterine fluid collected at calving and at the day of metritis diagnosis. Cows with metritis (n = 52) were paired with cows without metritis (n = 52) based on days after calving. First, the uterine microbiome and metabolome were evaluated individually, and then integrated using network analyses.

Results
The uterine microbiome did not differ at calving but differed on the day of metritis diagnosis between cows with and without metritis. The uterine metabolome differed both at calving and on the day of metritis diagnosis between cows that did and did not develop metritis. Omics integration was performed between 6 significant bacteria genera and 153 significant metabolites on the day of metritis diagnosis. Integration was not performed at calving because there were no significant differences in the uterine microbiome. A total of 3 bacteria genera (i.e. Fusobacterium, Porphyromonas, and Bacteroides) were strongly correlated with 49 metabolites on the day of metritis diagnosis. Seven of the significant metabolites at calving were among the 49 metabolites strongly correlated with opportunistic pathogenic bacteria on the day of metritis diagnosis. The main metabolites have been associated with attenuation of biofilm formation by commensal bacteria, opportunistic pathogenic bacteria overgrowth, tissue damage and inflammation, immune evasion, and immune dysregulation.

Conclusions
The data integration presented herein helps advance the understanding of the uterine environment in dairy cows with metritis. The identified metabolites may provide a competitive advantage to the main uterine pathogens Fusobacterium, Porphyromonas and Bacteroides, and may be promising targets for future interventions aiming to reduce opportunistic pathogenic bacteria growth in the uterus.
Long-term autonomous time-keeping of navigation constellations based on sparse sampling LSTM algorithm
Authors: Yang Shitao , Yi Xiao , Dong Richang , Wu Yifan , Shuai Tao , Zhang Jun , Ren Qianyi , Gong Wenbin 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe system time of the four major navigation satellite systems is mainly maintained by multiple high-performance atomic clocks at ground stations. This operational mode relies heavily on the support of ground stations. To enhance the high-precision autonomous timing capability of next-generation navigation satellites, it is necessary to autonomously generate a comprehensive space-based time scale on orbit and make long-term, high-precision predictions for the clock error of this time scale. In order to solve these two problems, this paper proposed a two-level satellite timing system, and used multiple time-keeping node satellites to generate a more stable space-based time scale. Then this paper used the sparse sampling Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) algorithm to improve the accuracy of clock error long-term prediction on space-based time scale. After simulation, at sampling times of 300 s, 8.64 × 104 s, and 1 × 106 s, the frequency stabilities of the spaceborne timescale reach 1.35 × 10–15, 3.37 × 10–16, and 2.81 × 10–16, respectively. When applying the improved clock error prediction algorithm, the ten-day prediction error is 3.16 × 10–10 s. Compared with those of the continuous sampling LSTM, Kalman filter, polynomial and quadratic polynomial models, the corresponding prediction accuracies are 1.72, 1.56, 1.83 and 1.36 times greater, respectively.
Non-target effects of neurotoxic insecticides on
Ganaspis
cf.
brasiliensis,
a classical biological control agent of the spotted wing
Drosophila
Authors: Lisi Fabrizio , Cavallaro Carmelo , Fellin Lorenzo , Gugliuzzo Antonio , Desneux Nicolas , Anfora Gianfranco , Rossi-Stacconi Marco Valerio , Biondi Antonio 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background

The spotted wing drosophila,
Drosophila suzukii
, is an invasive pest causing significant economic losses worldwide. Current pest control strategies mainly rely on insecticides, which negatively impact fruit marketability and the sustainability of integrated pest management (IPM) programs. In addition, pesticides can have dramatic consequences on non-target species when persisting in the environment at low concentrations after field applications. In this context, chemical control can strongly interfere with the releases of the G1 strain of the Asian larval parasitoid
Ganaspis
cf
. brasiliensis
, which is currently the adopted classical biological control agent to manage
D. suzukii
infestations worldwide.

Methods

Probit analysis was used to assess the baseline toxicity of acetamiprid, cyazypyr, lambda-cyhalothrin, phosmet, and spinosad on G1
G.
cf
. brasiliensis
adults through residual contact exposure in the laboratory. Then, adult parasitoids were exposed to insecticide low Lethal Concentrations (LC
5
and LC
30
) and their mortality was checked daily to assess the survival of treated wasps.

Results

Lambda-cyhalothrin showed the highest toxicity on the parasitoid with a LC
50
of 1.38 × 10
–3
g active ingredient (a.i.) /L, while cyazypyr seemed the safer active ingredient with an estimated LC
50
of 0.20 g a.i./L without affecting parasitoids at sublethal doses. Spinosad and phosmet significantly reduced wasp survival at both LC
30
and LC
5
, while lambda-cyhalothrin and acetamiprid affected parasitoid lifespan only at LC
30
. Spinosad, lambda-cyhalothrin and phosmet LC
30
caused the major survival reductions, followed by acetamiprid LC
30
. The least significant reduction in parasitoid survival was 21.6% by spinosad LC
5
.

Conclusions

Overall, this study highlighted the importance of carefully selecting insecticides to minimize adverse effects on non-target organisms. In particular, cyazypyr was the most promising candidate to integrate inoculative biological control with chemical treatments. By contrast, the application of phosmet, spinosad and lambda-cyhalothrin should be avoided alongside parasitoid field releases. Although acetamiprid is less used against
D. suzukii
in the field than the other tested molecules, it should be used with caution due to its sublethal toxicity on the parasitoid. These results provide the first evidence of
G
. cf.
brasiliensis
susceptibility to insecticides in order to promote sustainable and efficient pest management strategies.