bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enhancing oxygen evolution reaction via hydrogen plasma treatment: Unveiling the functionality of CN defects and the role of Fe in NiFe Prussian blue analogs
Authors: Ruan Qingdong , Li Dan , Wu Chaoling , Huang Chao , Chu Paul K. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe rational design of electronic and vacancy structures is crucial to regulating and enhancing electrocatalytic water splitting. However, creating novel vacancies and precisely controlling the number of vacancies in existing materials systems pose significant challenges. Herein, a novel approach to optimize the concentration of the CN vacancy (VCN) in the NiFe Prussian blue analog (PBA) nanocubes is designed by incorporating the H2 or O2 plasma treatment. The relationship between the VCN and catalysis is analyzed, and results show that a moderate concentration of VCN (6.5%) can enormously enhance oxygen evolution reaction (OER) activity of NiFe PBA. However, an excessive amount of VCN disrupts the crystal structure and hinders the transportation of charge carriers, consequently leading to inferior OER. Furthermore, the VCN significantly activates the activity of Fe sites, inducing preferential adsorption of OH− on Fe sites, followed by adsorption on Ni sites, thereby optimizing the reaction pathway and significantly promoting OER performance. In addition, VCN also suppresses Fe leaching, giving the catalyst excellent durability. This study reveals the feasibility of creating unconventional defects in nanomaterials and precisely controlling the number of vacancies for diverse catalytic and energy applications.
Association between biomarkers of zinc and copper status and heart failure: a meta‐analysis
Authors: Liu Ruixin , Yao Jiali , Chen Kexian , Peng Wei 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAimsPrevious studies have investigated the relationship between heart failure (HF) and levels of zinc and copper, but conflicting results have been reported. This meta‐analysis aims to clarify the role of zinc and copper in HF progression by examining the associations between HF and concentrations of these minerals.Methods and resultsWe utilized STATA 12.0 software to calculate the standard mean difference (SMD) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for serum zinc and copper levels in patients with HF compared with healthy controls (HCs). The meta‐analysis indicated a lower serum zinc level in patients with HF compared with HCs, using a random effects model (SMD = −0.77; 95% CI: −1.01, −0.54; I2 = 61.9%, the P‐value for Q test = 0.002). Additionally, the meta‐analysis showed an increased serum copper level in patients with HF compared with HCs, using a random effects model (SMD = 0.66; 95% CI: 0.09, 1.23; I2 = 93.8%, the P‐value for Q test < 0.001). Meta‐regression analysis indicated that publication year, age, and gender were not responsible for heterogeneity across studies.ConclusionsThis meta‐analysis demonstrates that patients with HF have lower serum zinc and higher copper concentrations compared with healthy subjects. However, the potential of zinc supplementation as a therapy for HF should be approached with caution. The heterogeneity among the included studies was found to be high. It is recommended that further well‐designed large sample studies be conducted to validate these findings.
A supervised approach for improving the dimensionless frequency estimation for time‐domain simulations of building structures on embedded foundations
Authors: Kusanovic Danilo , Ayoubi Peyman , Seylabi Elnaz , Asimaki Domniki 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe analysis of soil–structure interaction (SSI) problems has been established successfully in recent decades. In particular, the solution in the frequency domain provides an exact and efficient method for computing the response of the coupled system. Despite this, the state of practice as a first attempt to incentivize time domain analyses compatible with standard finite element packages introduces the so‐called dimensionless flexible‐base frequency. This frequency, which depends solely on the structure‐to‐soil‐period ratio, allows transforming the frequency domain analyses into time domain analyses using frequency‐independent soil impedance values. However, if such frequency exists for the combined system, it must depend on several physical variables. In this work, we propose a supervised approach to obtain the flexible‐base dimensionless frequency at which the frequency‐independent soil impedance should be used. The analysis is carried out using five dimensionless parameters, and the importance of each one to the estimation of the dimensionless flexible‐base frequency is investigated. We use an inverse problem based on ensemble Kalman inversion (EnKI) to obtain the optimal frequency of the interaction. The data obtained are then employed in a machine‐learning framework to map a set of dimensionless parameters to such a frequency. The generated mapping is finally verified, and a significant improvement in time‐domain simulations is shown compared to the state of practice.
Market power, optimal scale and competition promotion in banking: Analysis in the GCC region
Authors: Alfaihani Sara , Badunenko Oleg , Jaffry Shabbar 
Published: April 2024

AbstractWe propose an approach to identify optimally scaled banks and analyse the competition levels among banks in different stages of production in six countries of the Gulf region. The empirical results show that the global financial crisis curbed the rise in the market power of banks, but the market power continued to increase straight after 2009. Also, we show that the existing methods fail to identify that a significant proportion of banks across different countries, up to 90%, are operating at an optimal scale. Finally, we discuss the misclassification of banks by the traditional approach to scale analysis and its implications for decision‐making by competition authorities and central banks that assess and promote competition in banking. We advocate a more nuanced approach to competition policy that recognizes the potential impact of various phases of banks' production process on the competition.
Evaluation of oral targeted anticancer drug interactions and their management by oncology pharmacists
Authors: Wede Sarah L. , Schultze Madeline D. , Reeves David J. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIntroductionOral targeted anticancer drugs (OTADs) have become a key component of therapy for multiple malignancies, and their use continues to expand. While several studies have identified numerous drug interactions (DIs) associated with these oral therapies, very few have described the role of an oncology pharmacist in DI management.ObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to quantify moderate/severe DIs with OTADs at initiation and describe the role of the pharmacist in interaction detection and management.MethodsThis retrospective analysis was completed utilizing an electronic health record review of adult patients initiated on an OTAD with pharmacist documentation of medication review between July 2020 and July 2022. The outcomes of this study included the incidence of moderate/severe DIs, the distribution of pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic DIs, the incidence of pharmacist documentation of moderate/severe DIs, prescriber acceptance of documented pharmacist‐recommended interventions, the evaluation of severe DIs, and presence of DI related adverse effects within 60 days of OTAD initiation.ResultsTwo hundred sixty‐six patients were included. Forty‐six percent (122/266) of patients had at least one moderate/severe DI identified by investigators with a total of 220 moderate/severe DIs detected. Fifty‐eight percent (127/220) of the identified DIs were pharmacokinetic and 42% (93/220) were pharmacodynamic in nature. Pharmacist documentation was present for 36% (75/207) of the moderate DIs and 92% (12/13) of the severe DIs identified at OTAD initiation, and prescribers accepted 94% (82/87) of the pharmacists' recommended interventions. Lastly, 12.5% (26/208) of the incidence of adverse effects was potentially related to moderate/severe DIs within 60 days of OTAD initiation.ConclusionClinically significant (moderate/severe) DIs are common in patients receiving OTADs and may impact patient outcomes. Pharmacists can help to identify, prevent, and create a plan of action for the management of DIs and we advocate for their involvement in the management of OTAD therapies.
Anxiety, depression, and suicidal ideation among early adolescents during the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Danzo Sarah , Kuklinski Margaret R. , Sterling Stacy A. , Beck Arne , Braciszewski Jordan M. , Boggs Jennifer , Briney John S. , Charvat‐Aguilar Nancy , Eisenberg Nicole , Kaffl Abnette , Kline‐Simon Andrea , Loree Amy M. , Lyons Vivian H. , Morse Erica F. , Morrison Kristi M. , Negusse Rahel , Scheuer Hannah 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundAnxiety and depression are among the most common and debilitating psychiatric disorders affecting youth, with both related to increased suicide risk. While rates of youth anxiety and depression were increasing before the COVID‐19 pandemic, the pandemic further negatively impacted adolescent mental health. Unfortunately, few studies have examined prevalence of these concerns among early adolescents (ages 10−13) longitudinally during the pandemic.MethodThe current study examined self‐reported anxiety and depression symptoms, and suicidal ideation amongst a general pediatrics population of 11‐ to 13‐year‐olds (n = 623) from March through September 2020 (early‐pandemic) and approximately 7 months later (September 2020 through May 2021; mid‐pandemic). Paired samples proportions were used to examine changes in prevalence of moderate to severe anxiety, depression, and suicidal ideation from early‐ to mid‐pandemic.ResultsResults highlight high initial rates and stability in anxiety and suicidal ideation, as well as a significant increase in depression (42.9% increase; p < .05) among the full sample during the COVID‐19 pandemic. Prevalance of concerns were greatest for females and Hispanic youth during the early‐pandemic, and generally highest for females and Medicaid insured youth at mid‐pandemic.DiscussionResults extend recent research and underscore the need for continued monitoring of mental health concerns across development for youth who grew up during the COVID‐19 pandemic; highlighting the need for sustainable, effective, and accessible early detection, prevention, and intervention strategies. Improving these services is critical to support youth who experienced pandemic‐related stressors, and to prepare for supporting youth during future disruptive and isolating events.
Release of phosphorus and metal(loid)s from manured soils to floodwater during a laboratory simulation of snowmelt flooding
Authors: Weerasinghe Viranga , Amarakoon Inoka , Kumaragamage Darshani , Casson Nora J. , Indraratne Srimathie , Goltz Douglas , Gao Xiaopeng 
Published: May 2024

AbstractPhosphorus (P) and metal accumulation in manured agricultural soils and subsequent losses to waterways have been extensively studied; however, the magnitudes and the factors governing their losses during spring snowmelt flooding are less known. We examined the P and metal release from long‐term manured soil to floodwater under simulated snowmelt flooding with recent manure additions. Intact soil columns collected from field plots located in Randolph, Southern Manitoba, 2 weeks after liquid swine manure treatments (surface‐applied, injected, or control with no recent manure addition) were flooded and incubated for 8 weeks at 4 ± 1°C to simulate snowmelt conditions. Floodwater (syringe filtered through 0.45 µm) and soil porewater (extracted using Rhizon‐Mom samplers) samples were periodically extracted and analyzed for dissolved reactive phosphorus (DRP), pH, zinc (Zn), manganese (Mn), iron (Fe), magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca), and arsenic (As). Mean floodwater DRP concentrations (mg L−1) for manure injected (2.0 ± 0.26), surface‐applied (2.6 ± 0.26), and control (2.2 ± 0.26) treatments did not differ significantly. Despite manure application, DRP loss to floodwater did not significantly increase compared to the control, possibly due to the elevated residual soil P at this site from the long‐term manure use. At the end of simulated flooding, the DRP concentrations increased by 1.5‐fold and 5‐fold in porewater and floodwater, respectively. Metal(loid) concentrations were not affected by manure treatments in general, except for Zn and Mg on certain days. Unlike DRP, where porewater and floodwater concentrations increased with time, metalloid concentration in porewater and floodwater did not show consistent trends with flooding time.
Treatment sequencing and impact of number of treatment lines on survival in follicular lymphoma: A national population‐based study
Authors: Wästerlid Tove , Dietrich Caroline E. , Oksanen Anna , Spångberg Linn Deleskog , Wahlin Björn E , Enblad Gunilla , Andersson Per‐Ola , Kimby Eva , Smedby Karin E. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractFollicular lymphoma (FL) is a clinically heterogeneous disease. The need for treatment, treatment sequencing, number of treatment lines, and its association with survival have not been described in a population‐based setting. We identified all patients diagnosed with FL in the Swedish Lymphoma register from 2007 to 2014, followed until 2020, with detailed data on progression/relapse, transformation, and 2nd and further lines of therapy. During a median follow‐up of 6.8 years, 1226 patients (69%) received 1st systemic treatment, 358 patients (20%) were managed with watch‐and‐wait (WaW) only, and 188 (10%) patients were treated with radiotherapy and did not require additional therapy during the study period. Among patients starting systemic treatment, 496 (40%), 224 (18%), and 88 (7%) received 2nd‐, 3rd‐, or 4th‐line therapy, respectively. The 10‐year cause‐specific cumulative incidence of transformation was 13%. Among patients managed with 1st line R‐single, R‐CHOP, or BR, 54%, 33%, and 29% required 2nd line, respectively. The cumulative probability of starting subsequent treatment within 2 years was 26% after 1st line and 35% after 2nd line treatment. Two‐year OS following 1st, 2nd, 3rd, and 4th line systemic treatment was 84%, 70%, 52%, and 36%, respectively, and remained similar when excluding transformations. We conclude that a substantial proportion of FL patients can be managed with WaW for a long period of time, while patients who require multiple treatment lines constitute a group with a large clinical unmet need. These results constitute valuable real‐world reference data for FL.
Antibiotic route and outcomes for children hospitalized with pneumonia
Authors: Cotter Jillian M. , Hall Mathew , Neuman Mark I. , Blaschke Anne J. , Brogan Thomas V. , Cogen Jonathan D. , Gerber Jeffrey S. , Hersh Adam L. , Lipsett Susan C. , Shapiro Daniel J. , Ambroggio Lilliam 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundEmerging evidence suggests that initial oral and intravenous (IV) antibiotics have similar efficacy in pediatric community‐acquired pneumonia (CAP), but further data are needed.ObjectiveWe determined the association between hospital‐level initial oral antibiotic rates and outcomes in pediatric CAP.Designs, Settings, and ParticipantsThis retrospective cohort study included children hospitalized with CAP at 43 hospitals in the Pediatric Health Information System (2016–2022). Hospitals were grouped by whether initial antibiotics were given orally in a high, moderate, or low proportion of patients.Main Outcome and MeasuresRegression models examined associations between high versus low oral‐utilizing hospitals and length of stay (LOS, primary outcome), intensive care unit (ICU) transfers, escalated respiratory care, complicated CAP, cost, readmissions, and emergency department (ED) revisits.ResultsInitial oral antibiotics were used in 16% (interquartile range: 10%–20%) of 30,207 encounters, ranging from 1% to 68% across hospitals. Comparing high versus low oral‐utilizing hospitals (oral rate: 32% [27%–47%] and 10% [9%–11%], respectively), there were no differences in LOS, intensive care unit, complicated CAP, cost, or ED revisits. Escalated respiratory care occurred in 1.3% and 0.5% of high and low oral‐utilizing hospitals, respectively (relative ratio [RR]: 2.96 [1.12, 7.81]), and readmissions occurred in 1.5% and 0.8% (RR: 1.68 [1.31, 2.17]). Initial oral antibiotics varied across hospitals without a difference in LOS. While high oral‐utilizing hospitals had higher escalated respiratory care and readmission rates, these were rare, the clinical significance of these small differences is uncertain, and there were no differences in other clinically relevant outcomes. This suggests some children may benefit from initial IV antibiotics, but most would probably do well with oral antibiotics.
Computed tomography‐based automated 3D measurement of femoral version: Validation against standard 2D measurements in symptomatic patients
Authors: Schmaranzer Florian , Movahhedi Mohammadreza , Singh Mallika , Kallini Jennifer R. , Nanavati Andreas K. , Steppacher Simon D. , Heimann Alexander F. , Kiapour Ata M. , Novais Eduardo N. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractTo validate 3D methods for femoral version measurement, we asked: (1) Can a fully automated segmentation of the entire femur and 3D measurement of femoral version using a neck based method and a head‐shaft based method be performed? (2) How do automatic 3D‐based computed tomography (CT) measurements of femoral version compare to the most commonly used 2D‐based measurements utilizing four different landmarks? Retrospective study (May 2017 to June 2018) evaluating 45 symptomatic patients (57 hips, mean age 18.7 ± 5.1 years) undergoing pelvic and femoral CT. Femoral version was assessed using four previously described methods (Lee, Reikeras, Tomczak, and Murphy). Fully‐automated segmentation yielded 3D femur models used to measure femoral version via femoral neck‐ and head‐shaft approaches. Mean femoral version with 95% confidence intervals, and intraclass correlation coefficients were calculated, and Bland‐Altman analysis was performed. Automatic 3D segmentation was highly accurate, with mean dice coefficients of 0.98 ± 0.03 and 0.97 ± 0.02 for femur/pelvis, respectively. Mean difference between 3D head‐shaft‐ (27.4 ± 16.6°) and 3D neck methods (12.9 ± 13.7°) was 14.5 ± 10.7° (p < 0.001). The 3D neck method was closer to the proximal Lee (−2.4 ± 5.9°, −4.4 to 0.5°, p = 0.009) and Reikeras (2 ± 5.6°, 95% CI: 0.2 to 3.8°, p = 0.03) methods. The 3D head‐shaft method was closer to the distal Tomczak (−1.3 ± 7.5°, 95% CI: −3.8 to 1.1°, p = 0.57) and Murphy (1.5 ± 5.4°, −0.3 to 3.3°, p = 0.12) methods. Automatic 3D neck‐based‐/head‐shaft methods yielded femoral version angles comparable to the proximal/distal 2D‐based methods, when applying fully‐automated segmentations.
Serum vitamins and trace elements in vitiligo patients: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of observational studies
Authors: Iraji Fariba , Seyedyousefi Sarah , Heidari Asieh 
Published: April 2024

AbstractVitiligo is one of the most common pigmentary skin disorders, which significantly impacts the quality of life. The aetiology and pathophysiology of vitiligo are still unclear, but one of the proposed mechanisms is oxidative damage interrupting melanogenesis. The purpose of this study was to demonstrate the serum levels of trace elements and vitamins and to systematically review the evidence comparing vitiligo patients with a healthy group. We comprehensively retrieved all studies related to vitiligo and the serum levels of vitamins and minerals from databases such as PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, Web of Science, Magiran, SID and ISC up to December 2022. Quality assessment and data extraction were conducted by two independent reviewers. Pooled standard mean differences with 95% confidence intervals were estimated using random‐effects models. Our meta‐analysis revealed no significant differences in serum levels of Vitamin B12 and copper. It was concluded that serum concentrations of Vitamin D, Vitamin E, and zinc were lower in vitiligo patients. Conversely, these patients exhibited higher levels of selenium and folic acid compared with healthy individuals. These results might affect the potential use of vitamin and mineral supplementation in vitiligo treatment.
Noninterportal capsulotomy of hip arthroscopy showed improved outcomes in borderline hip dysplasia: A retrospective study with minimum 2‐year follow‐up
Authors: Liu Yuwei , Liang Xinzhi , Xie Jie , Lu Wei , Hu Yihe , Ouyang Kan 
Published: April 2024

AbstractPurposeThe present study aimed to evaluate the functional outcomes of hip arthroscopy using a noninterportal capsulotomy technique to address labral tears in patients with borderline hip dysplasia (BHD). Additionally, we also compared these outcomes with those of patients with BHD who underwent the standard repaired interportal capsulotomy (RIPC) arthroscopy.MethodsData from patients with BHD were retrieved from a database of patients who underwent arthroscopic hip surgery with noninterportal capsulotomy or RIPC to treat labral tears between January 2014 and December 2020. Data collected included both pre‐ and postoperative patient‐reported outcomes (PROs).ResultsA total of 58 patients (noninterportal capsulotomy, n = 37; RIPC, n = 21) with a mean age of 30.9 ± 5.6 and 28.6 ± 5.5 years, respectively, met the inclusion criteria. All of the patients underwent a minimal 2‐year follow‐up. The mean lateral centre‐edge angle was 23.3 ± 1.2° in the noninterportal capsulotomy group and 23.7 ± 1.0° in the RIPC group, with no significant difference. The PROs improved from the preoperative to the latest follow‐up, with a p < 0.001. There were no differences between the groups.ConclusionUsing strict patient selection criteria, hip arthroscopy with noninterportal capsulotomy demonstrated significant pre‐ to postoperative improvements in patients with BHD and achieved results comparable to those from hip arthroscopy with RIPC.Level of EvidenceLevel III.
Conversion to knee arthroplasty is more common after meniscectomy than meniscus repair in patients older than age 40
Authors: Runer Armin , Özbek Anil , Dadoo Sahil , Keeling Laura , Grandberg Camila , Engler Ian , Irrgang James J. , Hughes Jonathan D. , Musahl Volker 
Published: April 2024

AbstractPurposeTo describe rates of conversion to unicompartmental or total knee arthroplasty (KA) in patients over the age of 40 years (at initial surgery) after partial meniscectomy (ME) or meniscal repair (MR).MethodsPatients over the age of 40 undergoing isolated ME or MR between 2016 and 2018 were extracted from a single healthcare provider database. Data on patient characteristics, type of initial surgery, number of returns to the operating room, as well as performed procedures, including conversion to KA, were recorded. Comparative group statistics as well as a Kaplan–Meier survival rate analysis were performed.ResultsA total of 3638 patients (47.8% female) were included, with 3520 (96.8%) undergoing ME and 118 (3.2%) MR. Overall, 378 (10.4%) patients returned to the OR at an average of 22.7 ± 17.3 months postoperatively. Conversion to KA was performed more frequently in patients after primary ME (n = 270, 7.7%) compared to those with MR (2.5%, n = 3, odds ratio [OR]: 3.2, p = 0.03). Compared to ME (2.3%, n = 82), two times as many patients undergoing MR returned for subsequent meniscus surgery (MR: 5.9%, n = 7, OR: 2.6, p = 0.02). Time from primary surgery to KA (ME: 22 ± 17 months, MR: 25 ± 15 months, p = 0.96) did not differ between the treatment groups. Survivorship was 95% for ME and 98.2% for MR after 24 months (p = 0.76) and 92.5% and 98.2% after 60 months (p = 0.07), respectively.ConclusionThe overall reoperation rate after meniscal surgery was 10.4% in patients over the age of 40 years. Patients treated with primary ME have over three times higher odds to undergo subsequent KA compared to those treated with MR. However, patients with primary MR have a higher rate of subsequent meniscus surgery compared to those undergoing primary ME. This information is important when considering and treating a patient over the age of 40 and meniscal injury.Level of EvidenceLevel III study.