bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PdNiONF−Borophene Nanocomposite as a Promising Catalyst for Ethanol Electro‐Oxidation Reaction
Authors: Mabhulusa Wendy , Sekhosana Kutloano Edward , Fuku Xolile 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAn electrocatalyst decorated with nickel oxide nanoflower and borophene (PdNiONF/B) has been presented as a possible catalyst for the ethanol oxidation reaction (EOR) in alkaline media. The crystal microstructure, composition, and morphology of the product were analyzed by using X‐ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy (EDS). The catalytic activity of the PdNiONF/B for ethanol electrooxidation was assessed by using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, cyclic voltammetry, and chronoamperometry. PdNiONF/B shows a high current at 0.12 mA as compared to palladium on carbon (Pd/C) and palladium on borophene (Pd/B) in 2 M of NaOH+ 2 M of EtOH. In addition, PdNiONF/B is stable and more tolerant of impurities. This observation suggests that PdNiONF/B possesses a better catalytic behavior. The ratio of the backward peak current (Ibwd) to the forward peak current (Ifwd) (Ibwd/Ifwd) in a 2 M of NaOH+2 M of EtOH is equal to (Ibwd/Ifwd) 1.0 V vs. Ag|AgCl for PdNiONF/B catalyst. This ratio indicates that PdNiONF/B has an excellent tolerance to ethanol intermediate species poisoning.
Photothermal‐boosted flexible rechargeable zinc‐air battery based on Ni‐doped Mn3O4 with excellent low‐temperature adaptability
Authors: Guo Wengai , Gu Fan , Chen Qilin , Fu Kexuan , Zhong Yuqing , Lv Jing‐Jing , Pan Shuang , Chen Yihuang 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAs a promising flexible energy source for next‐generation emerging electronic devices, the temperature adaptability and low‐temperature performance retention of flexible zinc‐air batteries (ZABs) remain a great challenge for their practical application. Herein, we report photothermal‐promoted aqueous and flexible ZABs with enhanced performance under a wide temperature range via using Ni‐doped Mn3O4/N‐doped reduced graphene oxide (denoted as Ni‐Mn3O4/N‐rGO) nanohybrids as bifunctional electrocatalysts. Upon being exposed to near‐infrared light, the Ni‐Mn3O4/N‐rGO exhibited a powerful photothermal effect, resulting in localized and immediate heating of the electrode. Such effects led to increased active sites, improved electrical conductivity, enhanced release of bubbles, and promoted surface reconstruction of the electrode catalyst as corroborated by simulation and operando Raman. Consequently, the catalytic performance was boosted, manifesting a superior activity indicator ΔE of 0.685 V with excellent durability. As expected, the corresponding photothermal‐assisted rechargeable ZABs possessed an excellent maximum power density (e.g., 78.76 mW cm−2 at −10°C), superb cycling stability (e.g., over 430 cycles at −10°C), and excellent flexibility from 25°C to subzero temperature. Our work opens up new possibilities for the development of all‐climate flexible electronic devices.
Applications of Metals and Metal Compounds in Improving the Sensitivity of Microfluidic Biosensors – A Review
Authors: Zhang Taiyi , Dong Xuezhen , Gao Xing , Yang Yujing , Song Weidu , Song Jike , Bi Hongsheng , Guo Yurong , Song Jibin 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe enhancement of detection sensitivity in microfluidic sensors has been a continuously explored field. Initially, many strategies for sensitivity improvement involved introducing enzyme cascade reactions, but enzyme‐based reactions posed challenges in terms of cost, stability, and storage. Therefore, there is an urgent need to explore enzyme‐free cascade amplification methods, which are crucial for expanding the application range and improving detection stability. Metal or metal compound nanomaterials have gained great attention in the exploitation of microfluidic sensors due to their ease of preparation, storage, and lower cost. The unique physical properties of metallic nanomaterials, including surface plasmon resonance, surface‐enhanced Raman scattering, metal‐enhanced fluorescence, and surface‐enhanced infrared absorption, contribute significantly to enhancing detection capabilities. The metal‐based catalytic nanomaterials, exemplified by Fe3O4 nanoparticles and metal‐organic frameworks, are considered viable alternatives to biological enzymes due to their excellent performance. Herein, we provide a detailed overview of the applications of metals and metal compounds in improving the sensitivity of microfluidic biosensors. This review not only highlights the current developments but also critically analyzes the challenges encountered in this field. Furthermore, it outlines potential directions for future research, contributing to the ongoing development of microfluidic biosensors with improved detection sensitivity.
Customizing Cerium Oxide Particle Synthesis with Hybrid Polyion Complex Templates for Enhanced Oxidation Performance in Photo‐Fenton Processes
Authors: Peng Liming , Benoît‐Marquié Florence , Marty Jean‐Daniel 
Published: May 2024

AbstractHybrid poly‐ion complexes were synthesized through the complexation of a double hydrophilic copolymer with Ce(III) ions. These colloids act as reservoirs for cerium ions, enabling the synthesis of cerium‐based Prussian blue nanoparticles with a cubic structure, a narrow size distribution around 100 nm, and good colloidal stability in water. Upon high‐temperature calcination, these nanoparticles are transformed into a cerium/iron‐based metal oxide catalyst (CeO2/Fe2O3). The resultant composite catalyst demonstrates superior performance in the photo‐Fenton oxidation of methylene blue pollutants, achieving a conversion efficiency that rivals other metal‐based oxides and cerium‐based catalysts.
Redox Properties of Mn(III)porphyrins in Hyaluronan Oxidative Degradation: Single Electron Transfer Mechanism
Authors: Valachová Katarína , Moura Nuno M. M. , Šoltés Ladislav 
Published: May 2024

AbstractCationic Mn(III)‐meso‐tetraarylporphyrin derivatives, substituted in para position with different size alkyl chains, were investigated to function as antioxidants in free‐radical degradation of high‐molar‐mass hyaluronan by the methods of rotational viscometry and oximetry. The results of rotational viscometry showed that MnTM‐4‐PyP5+, MnTE‐4‐PyP5+, MnTPr‐4‐PyP5+, MnTPen‐4‐PyP5+ and MnTHep‐4‐PyP5+ showed high efficiency in decomposing H2O2, and reducing of peroxidized hyaluronan. When using oxygen electrode, MnTE‐4‐PyP5+, MnTPr‐4‐PyP5+, MnTPen‐4‐PyP5+, and MnTHep‐4‐PyP5+ applied to function as protective antioxidants in hyaluronan degradation, the uptake of dissolved oxygen from the reaction milieu was rapid, followed by continual increase in oxygen concentration up to the end of the measurement. However, when especially MnTE‐4‐PyP5+, MnTPr‐4‐PyP5+, and MnTPen‐4‐PyP5+ were examined as hyaluronan chain‐breaking antioxidants, after short‐term dissolved oxygen uptake, almost no increase in oxygen concentration was shown.
Macromolecular Nano‐Assemblies for Enhancing the Effect of Oxygen‐Dependent Photodynamic Therapy Against Hypoxic Tumors
Authors: Zhang Peipei , Cheng Meng , Levi‐Kalisman Yael , Raviv Uri , Xu Yichun , Han Junsong , Dou Hongjing 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIn oxygen (O2)‐dependent photodynamic therapy (PDT), photosensitizers absorb light energy, which is then transferred to ambient O2 and subsequently generates cytotoxic singlet oxygen (1O2). Therefore, the availability of O2 and the utilization efficiency of generated 1O2 are two significant factors that influence the effectiveness of PDT. However, tumor microenvironments (TMEs) characterized by hypoxia and limited utilization efficiency of 1O2 resulting from its short half‐life and short diffusion distance significantly restrict the applicability of PDT for hypoxic tumors. To address these challenges, numerous macromolecular nano‐assemblies (MNAs) have been designed to relieve hypoxia, utilize hypoxia or enhance the utilization efficiency of 1O2. Herein, we provide a comprehensive review on recent advancements achieved with MNAs in enhancing the effectiveness of O2‐dependent PDT against hypoxic tumors.
Heterogeneous Photocatalytic C(sp2)−H Activation of Formate for Hydrocarboxylation of Alkenes
Authors: Lu Xingkai , Li Yan , He Xinyuan , Song Pengfei , Chai Zhigang 
Published: May 2024

AbstractLight‐driven carboxylation offers a promising approach for synthesizing valuable fine chemicals under mild conditions. Here we disclose a heterogeneous photocatalytic strategy of C(sp2)−H activation of formate for hydrocarboxylation of alkenes over zinc indium sulfide (ZnIn2S4) under visible light. This protocol functions well with a variety of substituted styrenes with good to excellent yields; it also works for unactivated alkenes albeit with lower yields. Mechanistic studies confirm the existence of CO2⋅− as a key intermediate. It was found that C(sp2)−H activation of formate is induced by S⋅ species on the surface of ZnIn2S4 via hydrogen atom transfer (HAT) instead of a photogenerated hole oxidation mechanism. Moreover, both cleavage of the C(sp2)−H of HCOO− and formation of a benzylic anion were found to be involved in the rate‐determining step for the hydrocarboxylation of styrene.
Covalent organic framework‐derived Fe, Co‐nitrogen codoped carbon as a bifunctional electrocatalyst for rechargeable efficient Zn–air batteries
Authors: Chen Zhanpeng , Jiang Jiabi , Jing Mingjun , Bai Yansong , Zhang Xiaoyan , Deng Wenhui , Wu Yufeng , Chen Fang , Yi Mingguang , Yang Meixia , Xu Xinkai , Wu Tianjing , Zhang Yang , Wang Xianyou 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe development of cathode materials with controllable physicochemical structures and explicit catalytic sites is important in rechargeable Zn–air batteries (ZABs). Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) have garnered increasing attention owing to their facile synthesis methods, ordered pore structure, and selectivity of functional groups. However, the sluggish kinetics of oxygen evolution reaction (OER) or oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) inhibit their practical applications in ZABs. Herein, nucleophilic substitution is adopted to synthesize pyridine bi‐triazine covalent organic framework (denoted as O‐COF), and meanwhile, ionothermal conversion synthesis is employed to load MOx (M=Fe, Co) onto carbon nanosheet (named as FeCo@NC) to modulate the electronic structure. The Fe, Co‐N codoped carbon material possesses a large portion of pyridinic N and M‐N, high graphitization, and a larger BET surface area. An outstanding bifunctional activity has been exhibited in FeCo@NC, which provides a small voltage at 10 mA cm−2 for OER (E10 = 1.67 V) and a remarkable half‐wave voltage for ORR (E1/2 = 0.86 V). More impressively, when assembling ZABs, it displays notable rate performance, significant specific capacity (783.9 mAh gZn−1), and satisfactory long‐term endurance. This method of regulating covalent organic framework and ionothermal synthesis can be extended to design diverse catalysts.
Synergetic Responses of Multiple Functions Induced by Phase Transition in Molecular Materials
Authors: Gui Ling‐Ao , Zhang Yi‐Fan , Peng Yan , Hu Zhao‐Bo , Song You 
Published: May 2024

AbstractMaterials that integrate magnetism, electricity and luminescence can not only improve the operational efficiency of devices, but also potentially generate new functions through their coupling. Therefore, multifunctional synergistic effects have broad application prospects in fields such as optoelectronic devices, information storage and processing, and quantum computing. However, in the research field of molecular materials, there are few reports on the synergistic multifunctional properties. The main reason is that there is insufficient awareness of how to obtain such material. In this brief review, we summarized the molecular materials with this characteristic. The structural phase transition of substances will cause changes in their physical properties, as the electronic configurations of the active unit in different structural phases are different. Therefore, we will classify and describe the multifunctional synergistic complexes based on the structural factors that cause the first‐order phase transition of the complexes. This enables us to quickly screen complexes with synergistic responses to these properties through structural phase transitions, providing ideas for studying the synergistic response of physical properties in molecular materials.
Theoretical Rotational and Vibrational Spectral Data for the Hypermagnesium Oxide Species Mg2O and Mg2O+
Authors: Flint Athena R. , Westbrook Brent R. , Fortenberry Ryan C. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractWhile magnesium is astronomically observed in small molecules, it largely serves as a contributor to silicate grains, though how these grains form is not well‐understood. The smallest hypermagnesium oxide compounds (Mg
O/Mg
O
) may play a role in silicate formation, but little vibrational reference data exist. As such, anharmonic spectroscopic data are computed for
Mg
O,
Mg
O, and
Mg
O
using quartic force fields (QFFs). Explicitly‐correlated coupled‐cluster QFFs for the neutral species perform well, implying that full multireference treatment may not be necessary for such systems if enough electron correlation is included. Equation‐of‐motion ionization potential (EOMIP) methods for
Mg
O
QFFs circumvent previous symmetry breaking issues even in explicitly‐correlated coupled‐cluster results, motivating the need for EOMIP treatments at minimum for such systems. All three species are found to have high‐intensity vibrational frequencies. Even so, the highly intense frequency (
Mg
O: 894.7 cm−1/11.18 μm;
Mg
O: 915.0 cm−1/10.91 μm) for either neutral state may be astronomically obscured by the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon 11.2 μm band. Mg
O
may be less susceptible to such obfuscation, and its
intensity is computed to be a massive 4793 km mol−1.
A preliminary study on calcifying nanoparticles in dental plaque: Isolation, characterization, and potential mineralization mechanism
Authors: Wang Siwei , Yang Lan , Bai Guohui , Gu Yu , Fan Qin , Guan Xiaoyan , Yuan Jie , Liu Jianguo 
Published: May 2024

AbstractObjectivesCalcifying nanoparticles (CNPs), referred to as nanobacteria (NB), are recognized to be associated with ectopic calcification. This study aims to isolate and culture CNPs from the dental plaque of patients with periodontal disease and investigate their possible role in unravelling the aetiology of periodontal disease.Material and MethodsSupragingival and subgingival plaques were sampled from 30 periodontitis patients for CNPs isolation and culture. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) content changes were tracked over time. Positive samples underwent thorough morphological identification via hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining, Alizarin red S (ARS), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The chemical composition of CNPs analysis involved calcium (Ca) and phosphorus (P) content determination, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and X‐ray diffraction (XRD).ResultsThe subgingival plaque dental group exhibited a higher CNPs isolation rate at 36.67% (11/30) compared to the supragingival dental plaque group at 66.67% (20/30). ALP activity varied among the positive, negative and control groups. Morphological observation characterized the CNPs as round, oval, and ellipsoid particles with Ca deposits. Chemical analysis revealed the Ca/P ratio was 0.6753. Hydroxyl, methyl, carbonate, phosphate, hydrogen phosphate, and dihydrogen phosphate were detected by FTIR; the main chemical components detected by XRD were hydroxyapatite and tricalcium phosphate.ConclusionCNPs were found in periodontitis‐related dental plaque and exhibited the potential to develop calcified structures resembling dental calculus. However, the potential involvement of ALP in CNPs formation requires deeper exploration, as does the precise nature of its role and the interrelation with periodontitis demand a further comprehensive investigation.
Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles and evaluation of their effects on the Porphyromonas gingivalis bacterial biofilm formation
Authors: Hedayatipanah Morad , Gholami Leila , Farmany Abbas , Alikhani Mohammad Yusef , Hooshyarfard Amirarsalan , Hashemiyan Fahime Sadat 
Published: May 2024

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed to evaluate the impact of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) synthesized from propolis on the formation of Porphyromonas gingivalis biofilms.Material and MethodsAgNPs were synthesized from propolis, and their inhibitory effect on P. gingivalis biofilm formation was assessed. Different concentrations of AgNPs (0.1%, 0.3%, and 0.5%) were tested to determine the dose‐dependent antibacterial activity.ResultsThe results of this study indicated that AgNPs exhibited an inhibitory effect on P. gingivalis biofilm formation. The antibacterial activity of AgNPs was dose‐dependent, with concentrations of 0.1%, 0.3%, and 0.5% showing effectiveness. Notably, the concentration of 0.5% demonstrated the most significant anti‐biofilm formation activity.ConclusionThe results of this study suggest that AgNPs synthesized from propolis have potential as an effective option for enhancing periodontal treatment outcomes. The inhibitory effect of AgNPs on P. gingivalis biofilm formation highlights their potential as alternative antimicrobial agents in the management of periodontal diseases.
Curse or blessing? Impact of the scope and duration of negative attainment discrepancy on ESG practices
Authors: Li Shan , Tang Shiyi , Zhao Yuxin , Han Liang , Liu Wan 
Published: May 2024

AbstractToday, scholarly discourse has been primarily centered around the causes and consequences of enterprise environmental, social, and governance (ESG) practices. However, given that enterprises may encounter negative attainment discrepancies across several areas (scope) and endure negative discrepancies over an extended period of time (duration), the question of whether and how negative attainment discrepancy affects enterprise ESG practices remains unexplored. Based on the behavioral theory of the firm, this study explores the differentiated impact of the scope and duration of negative attainment discrepancies on enterprise ESG practices, using Chinese A‐share listed companies (data from 2011 to 2019) as the research sample. Meanwhile, it investigates the moderating effect of multidimensional human capital in Top Management Teams (TMT) from technical background, overseas experience, and educational attainment. The results demonstrated that the scope of negative attainment discrepancy promotes enterprise ESG practice, while the duration of negative attainment discrepancy inhibits ESG practice. Furthermore, the TMT's technical background, overseas experience, and educational attainment strengthen the scope of negative attainment discrepancies in promoting enterprise ESG practice. Additionally, the overseas experience of the TMT reinforces the inhibitory impact of the duration of negative attainment discrepancies on enterprise ESG. The results of this study can provide the corresponding decision‐making suggestions and references for the senior management team and shareholders of enterprises.
Newly synthesized acridone derivatives targeting lung cancer: A toxicity and xenograft model study
Authors: Bhusare Nilam , Yadav Tanuja , Nandave Mukesh , Gadade Amruta , Dighe Vikas , Peters Godefridus J. , Kumar Maushmi S. , Yergeri Mayur C. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAKT is one of the overexpressed targets in nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and plays an important role in its progression and offers an attractive target for the therapy. The PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway is upregulated in NSCLC. Acridone is an important heterocycle compound which treats cancer through various mechanisms including AKT as a target. In the present work, the study was designed to evaluate the safety profile of three acridone derivatives (AC‐2, AC‐7, and AC‐26) by acute and repeated dose oral toxicity. In addition to this, we also checked the pAKT overexpression and its control by these derivatives in tumor xenograft model. The results from acute and repeated dose toxicity showed these compounds to be highly safe and free from any toxicity, mortality, or significant alteration in body weight, food, and water intake in the rats. In the repeated dose toxicity, compounds showed negligible variations in a few hematological parameters at 400 mg/kg. The histopathology, biochemical, and urine parameters remained unchanged. The xenograft model study demonstrated AC‐2 to be inhibiting HOP‐62 induced tumor via reduction in p‐AKT1 (Ser473) expression significantly. In immunofluorescence staining AC‐2 treated tissue section showed 2.5 fold reduction in the expression of p‐AKT1 (Ser473). Histopathology studies showed the destruction of tumor cells with increased necrosis after treatment. The study concluded that AC‐2 causes cell necrosis in tumor cells via blocking the p‐AKT1 expression. The findings may provide a strong basis for further clinical applications of acridone derivatives in NSCLC.
Blockade of OX40/OX40L signaling using anti‐OX40L alleviates murine lupus nephritis
Authors: Zhao Junpeng , Li Liming , Feng Xiwei , Yin Huiqi , Fan Xinyu , Gao Changxing , Zhao Ming , Lu Qianjin 
Published: May 2024

AbstractGenetic variants of the OX40 ligand (OX40L) locus are associated with the risk of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), it is unclear how the OX40L blockade delays the lupus phenotype. Therefore, we examined the effects of an anti‐OX40L antibody in MRL/Lpr mice. Next, we investigated the effect of anti‐OX40L on immunosuppression in keyhole limpet hemocyanin‐immunized C57BL/6J mice. In vitro treatment of anti‐OX40L in CD4+ T and B220+ B cells was used to explore the role of OX40L in the pathogenesis of SLE. Anti‐OX40L alleviated murine lupus nephritis, accompanied by decreased production of anti‐dsDNA and proteinuria, as well as lower frequencies of splenic T helper (Th) 1 and T‐follicular helper cells (Tfh). In keyhole limpet hemocyanin‐immunized mice, decreased levels of immunoglobulins and plasmablasts were observed in the anti‐OX40L group. Anti‐OX40L reduced the number and area of germinal centers. Compared with the control IgG group, anti‐OX40L downregulated CD4+ T‐cell differentiation into Th1 and Tfh cells and upregulated CD4+ T‐cell differentiation into regulatory T cells in vitro. Furthermore, anti‐OX40L inhibited toll‐like receptor 7‐mediated differentiation of antibody‐secreting cells and antibody production through the regulation of the SPIB‐BLIMP1‐XBP1 axis in B cells. These results suggest that OX40L is a promising therapeutic target for SLE.
UoC‐2: A Fluorinated Derivative of the Robust Metal‐Organic Framework MFM‐300
Authors: Breitenbach (née Stastny) Carina , Christoffels Ronja , Mattick Tim , Edelmann Arthur , Pierkes Tobias , König Sandra , Fröba Michael , Ruschewitz Uwe 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBy solvothermal reactions of fluoro substituted biphenyl‐3,3’,5,5’‐tetracarboxylic acids (H4BPTC) with the respective metal salts, four new MOFs with the MFM‐300 topology were synthesized, namely [MIII2(OH)2(L)] with MIII=Ga3+, In3+ and L=4‐mF‐BPTC4− and 4,4’‐dF‐BPTC4−. Three of them were refined from X‐ray single crystal diffraction data (I4122, Z=4), [Ga2(OH)2(4,4’‐dF‐BPTC)] was confirmed by Le Bail fits based on synchrotron powder diffraction data. To the best of our knowledge, these four compounds represent the very first examples of MFM‐300 type MOFs with a substituted BPTC4− linker. With increasing fluorination of the linker, the thermal stability decreases, as the decarboxylation of the linker is facilitated. On the other hand, the gas uptake is enhanced significantly. E.g. the CO2 uptake (273 K, 1 bar) increases from 124 cm3/g for [Ga2(OH)2(4‐mF‐BPTC)] to 136 cm3/g for [Ga2(OH)2(4,4’‐dF‐BPTC)]. Surprisingly, the exact determination of specific surface areas (SBET) turned out to be difficult. It is supposed that due to transient open metal sites, complete removal of solvent molecules (DMF, acetone) is not always possible before degradation of the framework starts.