bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Concise Review: Bone Marrow-Derived Stem/Progenitor Cells in Cutaneous Repair and Regeneration
Authors: Wu Yaojiong , Zhao Robert C. H. , Tredget Edward E. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractOur understanding of the role of bone marrow (BM)-derived cells in cutaneous homeostasis and wound healing had long been limited to the contribution of inflammatory cells. Recent studies, however, suggest that the BM contributes a significant proportion of noninflammatory cells to the skin, which are present primarily in the dermis in fibroblast-like morphology and in the epidermis in a keratinocyte phenotype; and the number of these BM-derived cells increases markedly after wounding. More recently, several studies indicate that mesenchymal stem cells derived from the BM could significantly impact wound healing in diabetic and nondiabetic animals, through cell differentiation and the release of paracrine factors, implying a profound therapeutic potential. This review discusses the most recent understanding of the contribution of BM-derived noninflammatory cells to cutaneous homeostasis and wound healing.
Unique distribution of aromatase in the human brain: In vivo studies with PET and [N‐methyl‐11C]vorozole
Authors: Biegon Anat , Kim Sung Won , Alexoff David L. , Jayne Millard , Carter Pauline , Hubbard Barbara , King Payton , Logan Jean , Muench Lisa , Pareto Deborah , Schlyer David , Shea Colleen , Telang Frank , Wang Gene‐Jack , Xu Youwen , Fowler Joanna S. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractAromatase catalyzes the last step in estrogen biosynthesis. Brain aromatase is involved in diverse neurophysiological and behavioral functions including sexual behavior, aggression, cognition, and neuroprotection. Using positron emission tomography (PET) with the radiolabeled aromatase inhibitor [N‐methyl‐11C]vorozole, we characterized the tracer distribution and kinetics in the living human brain. Six young, healthy subjects, three men and three women, were administered the radiotracer alone on two separate occasions. Women were scanned in distinct phases of the menstrual cycle. Specificity was confirmed by pretreatment with a pharmacological (2.5 mg) dose of the aromatase inhibitor letrozole. PET data were acquired over a 90‐min period and regions of interest placed over selected brain regions. Brain and plasma time activity curves, corrected for metabolites, were used to derive kinetic parameters. Distribution volume (VT) values in both men and women followed the following rank order: thalamus > amygdala = preoptic area > medulla (inferior olive) > accumbens, pons, occipital and temporal cortex, putamen, cerebellum, and white matter. Pretreatment with letrozole reduced VT in all regions, though the size of the reduction was region‐dependent, ranging from ∼70% blocking in thalamus andpreoptic area to ∼10% in cerebellum. The high levels of aromatase in thalamus and medulla (inferior olive) appear to be unique to humans. These studies set the stage forthe noninvasive assessment of aromatase involvement in various physiological and pathological processes affecting the human brain. Synapse 64:801–807, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Farmers fighting climate change—from victims to agents in subsistence livelihoods
Authors: Olsson Lennart , Jerneck Anne 
Published: March 2010

AbstractOne billion vulnerable subsistence farmers across the global south depend on risky livelihoods in need of adaptation to climate change impacts. Simultaneously, their aggregated emission of greenhouse gases from land use and fuelwood consumption is substantial. Synergies between adaptation to climate change and mitigation should therefore be actively promoted. In the context of poverty, such synergies should ideally be designed specifically for the poorest of the poor who are notoriously difficult to reach by policies and projects. In this experimental case on subsistence farming in western Kenya we assume that only the poorest inhabit the most degraded lands and use the simplest form of cooking over open fire. As the study location is typical of sub‐Saharan areas affected by drought, flooding, land degradation, diseases and persistent poverty, findings can be scaled up, transferred to and tested in similar settings. Seeking multiple synergies of adaptation, mitigation, and social change while using sustainability science in intervention research, we reframed peasant farmers from vulnerable victims into agents fighting livelihood stressors and climate change impacts. In collaboration with them we performed small‐scale experiments on agricultural production practices and domestic energy efficiency resulting in multiple synergies. Findings show that the ‘smokeless kitchen’ and carbon sequestration from improved land management can mitigate climate change while increasing energy efficiency, health standards, food security, and community‐based adaptive capacity. Preferably, climate policy should therefore explicitly address synergies and support peasant farmers' efforts to create synergies when the ‘food imperative’ limits their agency to fight climate change alone. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.This article is categorized under:Vulnerability and Adaptation to Climate Change > Learning from Cases and AnalogiesClimate and Development > Sustainability and Human Well‐Being
Turbulence modeling of atmospheric boundary layer flow over complex terrain: a comparison of models at wind tunnel and full scale
Authors: El Kasmi A. , Masson C. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractThe aim of this work is to evaluate the performance of two popular k − ϵ turbulence closure schemes for atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) flow over hills and valleys and to investigate the effect of using ABL‐modified model constants. The standard k − ϵ and the RNG k − ϵ models are used to simulate flow over the two‐dimensional analytical shapes from the RUSHIL and RUSHVAL wind tunnel experiments. Furthermore, the mean turbulent flow over the real complex terrain of Blashaval hill is simulated and the results verified with a data set of full‐scale measurements. In general, all models yield similar results. However, use of ABL‐modified constants in both models tends to decrease the predicted velocity and increase the predicted turbulent kinetic energy. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
High resolution modelling of the on‐shore technical wind energy potential in Spain
Authors: Fueyo Norberto , Sanz Yosune , Rodrigues Marcos , Montañés Carlos , Dopazo César 
Published: March 2010

AbstractThe potential of on‐shore wind energy in Spain is assessed using a methodology based on a detailed characterization of the wind resource. To obtain such a characterization, high‐resolution simulations of the weather in Spain during 1 year are performed, and the wind statistics thus gathered are used to estimate the electricity‐generation potential. The study reports also the evolution with the installed power of the capacity factor, a parameter closely related to the cost of the generated energy, as well as the occupied land, which bears environmental and social acceptance implications. A parametric study is performed to assess the uncertainties in the study associated to the choice of the characteristic wind‐turbine farm used; and comparisons are provided with other similar studies. The study indicates that the overall technical potential is approximately 1100 TWh/y; and that about 70 GW of installed wind power could operate with capacity factors in excess of 24%, resulting in an annual electricity generation of approximately 190 TWh/y, or 60% of the electricity consumption in 2008. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
In vivo near‐infrared fluorescence imaging of cancer with nanoparticle‐based probes
Authors: He Xiaoxiao , Wang Kemin , Cheng Zhen 
Published: March 2010

AbstractThe use of in vivo near‐infrared fluorescence (NIRF) imaging techniques for sensitive cancer early detection is highly desirable, because biological tissues show very low absorption and autofluorescence in the NIR spectrum window. Cancer NIRF molecular imaging relies greatly on stable, highly specific and sensitive molecular probes. Nanoparticle‐based NIRF probes have overcome some of the limitations of the conventional NIRF organic dyes, such as poor hydrophilicity and photostability, low quantum yield, insufficient stability in biological system, low detection sensitivity, etc. Therefore, a lot of efforts have been made to actively develop novel NIRF nanoparticles for in vivo cancer molecular imaging. The main focus of this article is to provide a brief overview of the synthesis, surface modification, and in vivo cancer imaging applications of nanoparticle‐based NIRF probes, including dye‐containing nanoparticles, NIRF quantum dots, and upconversion nanoparticles. WIREs Nanomed Nanobiotechnol 2010 2 349–366This article is categorized under:

Diagnostic Tools > Biosensing
Diagnostic Tools > In Vivo Nanodiagnostics and Imaging
Application of field portable EDXRF spectrometry to analysis of pigments of Levantine rock art
Authors: Roldán Clodoaldo , Murcia‐Mascarós Sonia , Ferrero José , Villaverde Valentín , López Esther , Domingo Inés , Martínez Rafael , Guillem Pere Miquel 
Published: March 2010

AbstractThe results of the analyses of elemental composition of red and black pigments of Levantine rock art from La Saltadora rock shelters (Valltorta gorge, Castellón, Spain) are presented in this paper. Nondestructive analyses were carried out using a portable energy dispersive X‐ray fluorescence (EDXRF) spectrometer developed for in situ analysis. The results revealed the strong presence of calcium in all the analyzed locations due to the contribution of the underlying calcareous bedrock and the overlying crust. Iron is the main element detected in red pigments and manganese in black pigments. Iron and calcium ratios have been found indicative of the degree of preservation of the pictorial layer. Trace elements detected in the pigment composition confirm the use of different raw materials. Therefore, this work illustrates the potential of the portable EDXRF spectrometers for in situ analysis of rock art paintings. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Considerations for the Impact of Personal Genome Information: A Study of Genomic Profiling among Genetics and Genomics Professionals
Authors: O'Daniel Julianne M. , Haga Susanne B. , Willard Huntington F. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractWith the expansion of genomic‐based clinical applications, it is important to consider the potential impact of this information particularly in terms of how it may be interpreted and applied to personal perceptions of health. As an initial step to exploring this question, we conducted a study to gain insight into potential psychosocial and health motivations for, as well as impact associated with, undergoing testing and disclosure of individual “variomes” (catalogue of genetic variations). To enable the collection of fully informed opinions, 14 participants with advanced training in genetics underwent whole‐genome profiling and received individual reports of estimated genomic ancestry, genotype data and reported disease associations. Emotional, cognitive and health behavioral impact was assessed through one‐on‐one interviews and questionnaires administered pre‐testing and 1‐week and 3‐months post‐testing. Notwithstanding the educational and professional bias of our study population, the results identify several areas of research for consideration within additional populations. With the development of new and less costly approaches to genome risk profiling, now available for purchase direct‐to‐consumers, it is essential that genome science research be conducted in parallel with studies assessing the societal and policy implications of genome information for personal use.
Saponified Evening Primrose Oil Reduces Melanogenesis in B16 Melanoma Cells and Reduces UV‐Induced Skin Pigmentation in Humans
Authors: Koo Jeung‐Hyun , Lee Ikjae , Yun Seok‐Kweon , Kim Han‐Uk , Park Byung‐Hyun , Park Jin‐Woo 
Published: March 2010

AbstractThis study was conducted to determine whether saponified evening primrose oil (sap‐EPO) has the potential for use as a whitening agent and to investigate its underlying mechanisms of action. In B16 melanoma cells, sap‐EPO dose‐dependently inhibited isobutylmethylxanthine‐induced melanogenesis with no cytotoxicity. This decrease in melanin production was correlated with reduced enzyme activity and decreased mRNA and protein levels of tyrosinase. The mRNA levels of tyrosinase‐related proteins 1 and 2 decreased in response to treatment with sap‐EPO, indicating that it regulated tyrosinase at the transcriptional level. Expression of microphthalmia‐associated transcription factor was also decreased by sap‐EPO as evidenced by decreased mRNA and protein levels. Additionally, topical application of sap‐EPO resulted in efficient whitening of UVB‐induced hyperpigmentation of human skin. Taken together, these results suggest that sap‐EPO has the potential for use as a cosmetic whitening agent.
KITENIN represents a more aggressive phenotype in a murine model of oral cavity squamous carcinoma
Authors: Lee Joon Kyoo , Lim Sang Chul , Kim Hee Dae , Yoon Tae Mi , Kim Kag , Nam Jong Hee , Kim Hyung Seok , Shin Min‐Ho , Kim Kyung Keun 
Published: March 2010

ObjectiveTo investigate the tumor invasiveness and early lung metastasis associated with KITENIN in a murine model of oral cavity squamous carcinoma.Study DesignCross‐sectional study with planned data collection.SettingDepartment of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, Medical Research Center for Gene Regulation, and Pathology, Chonnam National University Medical School and Hwasun Hospital.Subjects and MethodsThe cDNA of KITENIN and vector only were transfected into the SCC VII (murine squamous cell line) cells. The suspension of 5 × 105/mL viable KITENIN‐ or vector‐transfected SCC VII cells was injected into the floor of the mouth of C3H/HeJ syngeneic mice, deep into the mylohyoid muscle via the intraoral approach. From the first to the sixth week after injection, tumor, lung, liver, and brain tissues were obtained.ResultsFor all groups, the tumor invaded the superficial musculature of the floor of the mouth, the deep musculature of the floor of the mouth, the salivary glands, perineural tissue, bone, and skin, sequentially. Lung metastases developed multiple focal nodular patterns at first and then became more extensive. Earlier and more aggressive tumor invasion into the deep floor of the mouth musculature, salivary glands, perineural tissue, bone, and skin was observed in the KITENIN‐transfected group compared to the vector‐only group. An earlier and more extensive lung metastasis was observed in the KITENIN group.ConclusionAn antisense KITENIN strategy might inhibit distant metastasis and the progression of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.
Exposure to zinc deficiency in fetal and postnatal life determines nitric oxide system activity and arterial blood pressure levels in adult rats
Authors: Tomat Analía , Elesgaray Rosana , Zago Valeria , Fasoli Héctor , Fellet Andrea , Balaszczuk Ana María , Schreier Laura , Costa María Ángeles , Arranz Cristina 
Published: March 2010

We had previously shown that prenatal exposure to Zn-deficient diets induces an increase in blood pressure and impairs renal function in adult rats. The aim of the present study was to investigate if moderate Zn restriction during early growth periods, fetal life and lactation would induce impairment in the vascular and renal NO system and alterations in plasma lipid profile. We also investigated if these effects persisted into adult life, even when a Zn-replete diet was provided after weaning. Pregnant rats were fed control (30 parts per million (ppm)) or low (8 ppm) Zn diets throughout gestation up to weaning. Afterwards, male offspring from low-Zn mothers were assigned to low- or control-Zn diets during 60 d. Male offspring from control mothers were fed a control diet. Animals exposed to Zn restriction showed low birth weight, increased systolic blood pressure and serum TAG levels, and decreased glomerular filtration rate in adulthood. Zn restriction induced a decrease in vascular and renal NO synthase activity and a reduced expression of the endothelial NO synthase isoform in aorta. A control-Zn diet during post-weaning growth returned TAG levels to normal but was unsuccessful in normalising systolic blood pressure, glomerular filtration rate or NO system activity in Zn-deficient offspring. Zn restriction during fetal life, lactation and/or post-weaning growth induced alterations in the vascular and renal NO system and in lipid metabolism that could contribute to the programming of hypertension and renal dysfunction in adulthood.
ON ROOT SUBSYSTEMS AND INVOLUTIONS INSn
Authors: DERIZIOTIS D. , MCDONOUGH T. P. , PALLIKAROS C. A. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractGiven an involutionzinW, whereWis the symmetric group of degreen, we study the relation between the subsystems of a root system forWcorresponding to certain decreasing subsequences ofzand the two-sided Kazhdan–Lusztig cell ofWcontainingz.
ASYMPTOTICALLY LINEAR ELLIPTIC SYSTEMS WITH PARAMETERS
Authors: PENG CHAOQUAN 
Published: March 2010

AbstractIn this paper, we show that the semi-linear elliptic systems of the form
(0.1)
possess at least one non-trivial solution pair (u, v) ∈ H01(Ω) × H01(Ω), where Ω is a smooth bounded domain in ℝN, λ and μ are non-negative numbers, f(x, t) and g(x, t) are continuous functions on Ω × ℝ and asymptotically linear at infinity.
Estimating probability of sustained recovery from mild to moderate depression in primary care: evidence from the THREAD study
Authors: Dowrick C. , Flach C. , Leese M. , Chatwin J. , Morriss R. , Peveler R. , Gabbay M. , Byng R. , Moore M. , Tylee A. , Kendrick T. ,   THREAD Study Group
Published: March 2010

BackgroundIt is important for doctors and patients to know what factors help recovery from depression. Our objectives were to predict the probability of sustained recovery for patients presenting with mild to moderate depression in primary care and to devise a means of estimating this probability on an individual basis.MethodParticipants in a randomized controlled trial were identified through general practitioners (GPs) around three academic centres in England. Participants were aged >18 years, with Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD) scores 12–19 inclusive, and at least one physical symptom on the Bradford Somatic Inventory (BSI). Baseline assessments included demographics, treatment preference, life events and difficulties and health and social care use. The outcome was sustained recovery, defined as HAMD score <8 at both 12 and 26 week follow-up. We produced a predictive model of outcome using logistic regression clustered by GP and created a probability tree to demonstrate estimated probability of recovery at the individual level.ResultsOf 220 participants, 74% provided HAMD scores at 12 and 26 weeks. A total of 39 (24%) achieved sustained recovery, associated with being female, married/cohabiting, having a low BSI score and receiving preferred treatment. A linear predictor gives individual probabilities for sustained recovery given specific characteristics and probability trees illustrate the range of probabilities and their uncertainties for some important combinations of factors.ConclusionsSustained recovery from mild to moderate depression in primary care appears more likely for women, people who are married or cohabiting, have few somatic symptoms and receive their preferred treatment.
Embedding ℤk-actions in cubical shifts and ℤk-symbolic extensions
Authors: GUTMAN YONATAN 
Published: March 2010

AbstractMean dimension is an invariant which makes it possible to distinguish between topological dynamical systems with infinite entropy. Extending in part the work of Lindenstrauss we show that if (X,ℤk) has a free zero-dimensional factor then it can be embedded in the ℤk-shift on ([0,1]d)ℤk, where d=[C(k) mdim(X,ℤk)]+1 for some universal constant C(k), and a topological version of the Rokhlin lemma holds. Furthermore, under the same assumptions, if mdim(X,ℤk)=0, then (X,ℤk) has the small boundary property. One of the applications of this theory is related to Downarowicz’s entropy structure, a master invariant for entropy theory, which captures the emergence of entropy on different scales. Indeed, we generalize this invariant and prove the Boyle–Downarowicz symbolic extension entropy theorem in the setting of ℤk-actions. This theorem describes what entropies are achievable in symbolic extensions.
The Politics of Food and Women's Neighborhood Activism in First World War Britain
Authors: Hunt Karen 
Published: March 2010

AbstractIn 1917 and 1918 violent cost-of-living protests, largely peopled by poor urban housewives, erupted across the world. Although Britain did not experience such dramatic events, a women's politics of food can be found in local neighborhoods that touched the lives of unorganized housewives on the wartime home front. The new local committees created to defend consumer interests in the face of food shortages proved to be permeable to some women, particularly those who already had some experience with women's politics. However, limits were placed on this participation and on the self-organization of housewives by the ambiguous understanding of who constituted a consumer and thus who could speak for the ordinary housewife as she battled the food queues. By exploring the women's politics of food at a local level, it is argued that working-class women's participation in Food Vigilance Committees or in local boycotts may have had longer lasting effects in Britain than the more dramatic cost-of-living actions elsewhere.
Incorporating Sex Workers into the Argentine Labor Movement
Authors: Hardy Kate 
Published: March 2010

AbstractSex workers in Argentina and beyond are making their histories visible through political action, often in the face of extreme and violent repression. Alongside two first waves of sex worker organizing, a third appears to be emerging from countries in the Global South, which has largely been neglected in academic commentaries. One such organization is Asociación de Mujeres Meretrices de la Argentina (AMMAR), the female sex workers' association of Argentina. This essay draws on questionnaire data, participant observation, and in-depth interviews with union and nonunion sex workers and members of the Central de Trabajadores Argentinos (CTA), the umbrella federation of which they are a part, across ten cities in Argentina. It traces the relationship between AMMAR and the CTA to examine how the two organizations have worked together to organize workers in an infamously exploitative, precarious, and vulnerable labor sector to achieve social and political change. The essay contributes to debates about the regeneration of the trade union movement and challenges the reigning wisdom that sex workers and trade unions are unlikely partners.