bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Selective knockdown of GABAA‐α2 subunit in the dorsal dentate gyrus in adulthood induces anxiety, learning and memory deficits and impairs synaptic plasticity
Authors: Tripathi Kuldeep , Hazra Somoday , Hazra Joyeeta Dutta , Mandel Silvia , Anunu Ruchi , Kriebel Martin , Volkmer Hansjurgen , Richter‐Levin Gal 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAnimal studies and clinical trials suggest that maintenance of gamma‐aminobutyric acid (GABA)‐ergic activity may be crucial in coping with stressful conditions, anxiety and mood disorders. Drugs highly efficient in promoting anxiolysis were shown to activate this system, particularly via the α2‐subunit of type A receptors (GABAA α2). Given the high expression of GABAA α2 in the dentate gyrus (DG) sub‐field of the hippocampus, we sought to examine whether manipulation of the α2 subunit in this area will evoke changes in emotional behaviour, memory and learning as well as in synaptic plasticity. We found that knockdown of GABAAα2 receptor specifically in the dorsal DG of rats caused increased anxiety without affecting locomotor activity. Spatial memory and learning in the Morris water maze were also impaired in GABAAα2 receptor knocked down rats, an effect accompanied by alterations in synaptic plasticity, as assessed by long‐term potentiation in the DG. Our findings provide further support to the notion that emotional information processing in the hippocampus may be controlled, at least in part, via the inhibitory GABAA α2 receptor subunit, opening a potential avenue for early interventions from pre‐ puberty into adulthood, as a strategy for controlling anxiety‐related psychopathology.
What is disability history the history of?
Authors: McGuire Coreen Anne 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis article has two connected aims. First, to contour the boundaries of modern disability history through outlining its development and second, to provide a new methodological agenda for disability history. The design model of disability has outlined an important new programme to integrate the social and medical models of disability by foregrounding materials. Yet ‘disability things’ (to use Ott's memorable term) have been part of disability history's genesis since the material turn, which started the process of social historians recovering the lives of those not recorded in textual sources through objects, including prosthetics. From considering objects as things, the influence of Science and Technology Studies scholars pushed disability historians to further consider objects as agents and objects in use. These approaches have highlighted the differential levels of autonomy and power that objects and their users have in making history. However, this focus on materials has highlighted visible and recorded disability over ‘invisible’ disability, which has perpetuated its opacity and created definitional difficulties around disability demarcation. Medical history methodologies aimed at revealing the ‘patient view’ can help bring people back into focus but uphold the categories of patients and biomedicine in a way that impedes the aims of disability scholars. Focusing on exactly what is hidden is less useful than focusing on how it is hidden, and science and technology study methodologies can illuminate these processes.
Multicentre service evaluation of injectable cabotegravir and rilpivirine delivery and outcomes across 12 UK clinics (SHARE LAI‐net)
Authors: Ring Kyle , Smuk Melanie , Shongwe Moses , Okonta Leroy , Mackie Nicola E. , Ayres Sara , Barber Tristan J. , Akodu Jane , Ferro Filippo , Chilton Daniella , Hurn Eliot , Halai Bhavna , Barchi Will , Ali Asim , Darko Sandra , White Gemma , Clarke Emily , Clark Fiona , Ali Bazga , Arumainayagam Joseph , Quinn Gaynor , Boffito Marta , Byrne Ruth , Naous Nadia , Leung Suki , Umaipalan Athavan , Thornton Brian , Bayliss David , McLoughlin Catherine , Foster Jonathan , Waters Laura , Orkin Chloe 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIntroductionLong‐acting injectable cabotegravir + rilpivirine (CAB + RPV LAI) was approved for use in virally suppressed adults in the England and Wales national health service in November 2021. We describe a service evaluation of delivery processes and outcomes in 12 clinics.MethodsCentres populated a database using information from local policies and clinical records. Services were asked to describe approval processes, clinic pathways, and adherence to national guidelines. Additional data were collected on reasons for regimen choice, treatment discontinuations, and management of viraemia.ResultsIn total, 518 adults from 12 clinics were approved for CAB + RPV LAI between February 2022 and December 2023. Of the 518 people approved for CAB + RPV LAI, 423 received at least one injection. Median duration on CAB + RPV was 7.5 months (interquartile range 3.7–11.3). In total, 97% of injections were administered within the ±7‐day window. Virological failure occurred in 0.7%, and 6% discontinued CAB + RPV.ConclusionIn this large UK‐based cohort, robust approval processes and clinic protocols facilitated on‐time injections and low rates of both discontinuation and virological failure.
“I'm afraid I can't handle students’ questions on the spot!”: Complex interactions between English research writing teachers’ pedagogical content knowledge and instructional practices
Authors: Zhang Mulin , Guo Quanjiang 
Published: June 2024

AbstractDespite recent proliferation in scholarship on English research writing (ERW) and its teaching, ERW teachers’ developing knowledge remains under‐researched. This multiple case study, featuring four ERW teachers working in the same university in Central China, builds on the pedagogical content knowledge (PCK) framework to delineate the complexities in participants’ knowledge–practice nexus. Data sources include observations, interviews, journal entries, and teaching artifacts. Data analyses reveal that the complex interactions between PCK components have resulted in idiosyncrasies in participants’ instructional decisions or practices concerning selecting teaching points, utilizing own disciplinary articles, deciding on pedagogical design, and assigning writing tasks. It is also found that participants who are more assured in their PCK repertoire tend to feel more secure in teacher–student interactions and adopt more student‐centered pedagogies. Participants’ knowledge–practice nexus exhibits complex system features of self‐organizing and self‐transforming, as well as self‐knowing. Implications for transitional ERW teachers’ practices and professional development are discussed.
What drives employers’ favorability ratings on employer review platforms? The role of symbolic, personal, and emotional content
Authors: Höllig Christoph E. , Tumasjan Andranik , Lievens Filip 
Published: June 2024

AbstractEmployer review platforms have changed the recruitment landscape by allowing current and former employees to post messages about an employer outside of direct company control. Therefore, they have emerged as an important form of third‐party employer branding. However, we know little about how such open‐ended comments relate to the key variable in employer reviews: employers’ favorability rating. Therefore, we start by situating this variable among other constructs in the employer branding space. Next, we build theory on how content in the open‐ended comments of an employer review relates to the positivity or negativity of the reviews’ favorability rating. We test our hypotheses via a text‐mining analysis of approximately half a million employer reviews. The results reveal an intriguing discrepancy. Although instrumental, impersonal, and cognitive content is more prevalent in employer reviews, symbolic, personal, and emotional content dominates employer reviews’ favorability rating. In terms of practical implications, this result shows that merely inspecting the frequency of attributes mentioned in employer review text comments as a basis for changing company policies of employer branding efforts might be misguided. We discuss implications for theory and future research, and provide our dictionary for further scholarly and practical use.
Biological attributes required for epidermal regeneration: Evaluation of the next‐generation autologous cell harvesting device
Authors: Bush Katie A. , Kashgari Ghaidaa , Jahid Sohail , Hur Jennifer , Powell Heather M. , Doshi Niraj 
Published: June 2024

AbstractEarly wound intervention and closure is critical for reducing infection and improving aesthetic and functional outcomes for patients with acute burn wounds and nonthermal full‐thickness skin defects. Treatment of partial‐thickness burns or full‐thickness injuries with autologous skin cell suspension (ASCS) achieves robust wound closure while limiting the amount of donor skin compared with standard autografting. A Next Generation Autologous Cell Harvesting Device (NG‐ACHD) was developed to standardize the preparation process for ASCS to ensure biological attributes are obtained known to correlate with well‐established safety and performance data. This study compared ASCS prepared using the NG‐ACHD and ACHD following the manufacturer's guidance, evaluating cellular yields, viability, apoptotic activity, aggregates, phenotypes and functional capacity. Non‐inferiority was established for all biological attributes tested and comparable healing trajectories were demonstrated using an in vitro skin regeneration model. In addition to standardization, the NG‐ACHD also provides workflow efficiencies with the potential to decrease training requirements and increase the ease of incorporation and utilization of ASCS in clinical practice.
Experimental and FEM research on Camellia oleifera shell structural–mechanical cracking behavior during hulling
Authors: Yang Liu , Wang Zhicheng , Cui Bo , Xu Zilong , Shu Can , Pei Houchang , Song Shaoyun , Zhang Yonglin 
Published: June 2024

AbstractCamellia oleifera shell (COS) mechanical–structural property and cracking behavior are crucial for hulling, hulling work can improve the extraction oil quality. A developed texture analyzer with in situ observation is built for COS mechanical–structural and crack testing. Influencing factors are studied under working effects, considering fruit size, drying temperature, compression distance, speed, directions. The shell compression damage is analyzed with compression damage model. Results show that COS compression damage can be divided into three stages: shell elastic deformation, initial cracking, crack propagation. Compression force decreases rapidly after initial cracking, increases with cracking propagation. Compression direction leads different cracking, cracking load Fx > Fy. Shell cracking force increases with increasing compression speed, distance, fruit diameter, leading intensified crack. Cracking force decreased with drying temperature increasing in 20–110°C, obvious at 80°C. FEM simulation matches COS cracking behavior, stress concentration increases at apical. The research provides theoretical basis for hulling design.Practical applicationsCamellia oleifera shell (COS) mechanical–structural property and cracking behavior were crucial for shelling, hulling work improves the extraction oil quality. COS cracking behavior were studied under various working effects such as fruit size, drying temperature, compression distance, speed, and direction, and providing a theoretical basis for improving hulling methods. Based on the actual hulling process, research on temperature factors has been added, and the conclusion that the optimal drying temperature is 80°C has been proposed. Considering energy conservation and tea oil quality, hulling efficiency has been improved. Meanwhile, cracking behavior and mechanical properties were studied from cracking in three stages, preventing excessive extrusion caused to seeds damage in hulling. The research provides theoretical basis for hulling design and optimization.
Gastrointestinal involvement in neuromuscular disorders
Authors: Finsterer Josef , Strobl Walter 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAlthough not often discussed, many of the neuromuscular disorders (NMDs) affect the gastrointestinal tract (GIT). Depending on the type of NMD, the prevalence of GIT involvement ranges from <5% (e.g. hereditary neuropathies, myofibrillar myopathies) to 100% (e.g. MNGIE, OPMD). Particularly in NMDs with multisystem affection, involvement of the GIT can dominate the clinical presentation or at least make up a significant part of the clinical picture. The most prominent representatives of NMDs with multisystem involvement are the mitochondrial disorders (MIDs) and the myotonic dystrophies. The best known syndromic MIDs with GIT involvement are MNGIE, MELAS, Leigh, and Pearson syndromes. Among neuropathies, GIT involvement is most commonly found in ALS and GBS. GIT involvement may also be a feature of myasthenia. The clinical manifestations of GIT involvement are diverse and can affect the entire GIT, from the teeth to the rectum, including the liver and pancreas. The most well‐known clinical manifestations of GIT involvement are dysphagia, nausea, vomiting, reflux, hollow organ dysmotility, hepatopathy, diabetes, diarrhea, constipation, and fecal incontinence. Even if treatment can usually only be symptomatic, the therapeutic options are diverse, are often effective, and can significantly and beneficially influence the course of the underlying NMD.
Prevalence of functional esophageal disorders and associated clinical characteristics in patients with proton‐pump‐inhibitor‐unresponsive reflux symptoms
Authors: Wei Ming‐Han , Chen Chien‐Chuan , Lee Hui‐Chuan , Lee Yi‐Chia , Wang Hsiu‐Po , Wu Ming‐Shiang , Wu Jia‐Feng , Tseng Ping‐Huei 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackground and AimPatients with proton‐pump‐inhibitor (PPI)‐unresponsive reflux symptoms, often caused by functional esophageal disorders (FED), are frequently encountered in clinical practice. We aimed to investigate the prevalence of FED and its associated clinical characteristics in patients with PPI‐unresponsive reflux symptoms.MethodsWe retrospectively identified patients who were evaluated for persistent typical reflux symptoms, despite ≥8 weeks of PPI treatment, at the National Taiwan University Hospital from 2014 to 2023. All patients underwent a comprehensive evaluation comprising validated gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) symptom questionnaires, 5‐item Brief Symptom Rating Scale (BSRS‐5), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), esophagogastroduodenoscopy, high‐resolution impedance manometry, and 24‐h impedance‐pH monitoring off PPI therapy. Diagnosis of FED and non‐erosive reflux disease (NERD) was based on the Rome IV criteria.ResultsWe analyzed 190 patients [46.8% male, median age 52 (interquartile range, 42–61) years], of whom 32 (16.8%) had NERD and 158 (83.2%) had FED (57.9% with functional heartburn and 25.3% with reflux hypersensitivity). Patients with FED had a lower body mass index than those with NERD and a higher prevalence of psychological comorbidities and poor sleep quality than healthy volunteers. The severity of reflux symptoms among FED patients was significantly associated with the severity of psychological comorbidities and sleep quality.ConclusionsA notably high prevalence (83.2%) of FED was observed among patients experiencing PPI‐unresponsive reflux symptoms. Patients with FED had a higher level of psychological distress and diminished sleep quality, both of which were associated with reflux symptom severity.
The diagnostic relevance of mesenteric lymph node biopsy in small intestinal lymphoma in cats
Authors: Marconato Laura , Martini Valeria , Banco Barbara , Benali Silvia , Crocchianti Veronica , Iussich Selina , Marino Michele , Massaro Maria , Pagano Teresa Bruna , Aresu Luca 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundRegional lymph nodes are frequently sampled in cats with suspected intestinal lymphoma; however, their diagnostic value has not been explored.ObjectivesTo investigate whether histologic and immunohistochemical analysis of mesenteric lymph nodes correlates with the diagnosis of intestinal lymphoma in cats.AnimalsOne hundred 2 client‐owned cats diagnosed with intestinal lymphoma.MethodsRetrospective study. The inclusion criteria required a full‐thickness biopsy of the small intestine and concurrent excision of mesenteric lymph nodes. Histologic and immunophenotypic analyses were performed on intestinal biopsies and corresponding lymph nodes. Selected nodal samples diagnosed with reactive lymph nodes underwent clonality testing.ResultsTransmural T‐cell lymphomas, encompassing small and large cell types, were predominant (64 cases, 62.7%), with large B‐cell lymphomas being more frequently transmural (68.8%) than mucosal (31.2%). Among all lymph nodes examined, 44 (43.1%; 95% CI: 33.9%‐52.8%) exhibited neoplastic infiltration. Among cases of small cell lymphoma, 51 out of 72 (70.8%; 95% CI: 59.4%‐80.1%) showed no nodal involvement. Clonality results correctly identified 19/30 (63.3%; 95% CI: 45.5%‐78.2%) reactive lymph nodes. Concerns were raised regarding clonal identification in the remaining cases and potential misdiagnoses based on phenotypic characteristics.Conclusion and Clinical ImportanceThe study underscores the potential drawbacks of relying solely on mesenteric lymph nodes for diagnosing intestinal lymphomas in cats, particularly small cell subtypes. It emphasizes the importance of full‐thickness biopsies for assessing transmural infiltration and recommends caution when utilizing mesenteric lymph nodes for histologic, immunohistochemical and clonality evaluations in mucosal lymphomas. Despite limitations, this research highlights the need for comprehensive diagnostic strategies in cats with intestinal lymphoma.
Brace‐related Stress and Quality of Life Parameters between Chêneau and Boston Braces: A Cross‐sectional Comparative Study on Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alsiddiky Abdulmonem M. , Alharbi Khalid S. , Ababtain Omar A. , Alnuwaybit Abdullah F. , Zamzami Mazin A. , Basalah Ahmad A. , Al‐Sabban Wesam H. 
Published: June 2024

ObjectiveAdolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is the most prevalent spinal deformity affecting healthy children. Although AIS typically lacks symptomatic manifestations, its resultant deformities can affect patients' quality of life (QoL). Evaluating QoL and stress levels is crucial in determining the optimal brace type for AIS patients; however, research comparing the effectiveness of different brace types in this regard is lacking. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the impact of Boston versus Chêneau braces on QoL and stress levels in AIS patients.MethodsThis cross‐sectional study was conducted at a medical institution in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, involving 52 eligible patients selected through stratified random sampling based on type of brace as the main stratum. The inclusion criteria were idiopathic scoliosis, age ≥ 10 years, bracing for at least 3 months, and no history of cancer. QoL was evaluated according to the revised Scoliosis Research Society 22‐item questionnaire (SRS‐22r) and stress levels according to the eight‐item Bad Sobernheim stress questionnaire (BSSQ‐Brace). Independent‐sample t‐tests were used to compare brace‐related QoL and stress level according to participants' sex and brace type.ResultsOverall, 32 participants were treated with Boston braces (seven men and 25 women), with a median (IQR) age of 11.00 years (10.00–13.00), and 20 participants were treated with Chêneau braces (three men, 17 women), with a median (IQR) age of 12.50 years (10.00–14.25). The total SRS‐22 score was not significantly different between the brace groups (p = 0.158). However, patients in the Boston brace group reported significantly higher satisfaction levels (median = 4.00, IQR = 3.50–4.50) than did those in the Chêneau brace group (median = 3.25, IQR = 2.38–4.13, p = 0.013, moderate effect size = 0.345, 95% CI = 0.060 to 0.590). Furthermore, the BSSQ‐brace total score was significantly higher in the Boston brace group (median = 9.00, IQR = 8.00–12.00) than in the Chêneau brace group (median = 7.50, IQR = 4.75–10.00, p = 0.007, moderate effect size = 0.376, 95% CI = 0.130 to 0.590), indicating higher stress levels in the Chêneau brace group.ConclusionThe QoL in AIS patients undergoing brace treatment was comparable across groups. Nonetheless, patients who used Chêneau braces experienced higher stress levels and lower treatment satisfaction rates than did those who used Boston braces. These findings can inform clinical decisions regarding prescription of bracing types and highlight the need for further in‐depth research.
Comparison of the Efficacy of Different Combined Therapies Based on Modified Core Decompression for the Treatment of Early‐stage Nontraumatic Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head: A Retrospective Clinical Study
Authors: Sun Shuo , Li Donghai , Wang Qin , Kang Pengde 
Published: June 2024

ObjectiveOsteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) is a severe orthopedic disease, which may cause severe hip dysfunction in later stage. Therefore, it is necessary to treat nontraumatic ONFH during the early stages. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical efficacy and survival rates of different combined therapies based on modified core decompression (CD) for early‐stage nontraumatic ONFH.MethodsThis retrospective cohort study assessed 397 hips with ONFH who underwent different combined therapies based on modified CD in our institution between January 2010 and December 2017. Patients were classified into six groups based on treatment modalities, and were followed up at 1 year and 5 years postoperatively. Clinical outcomes, including Harris hip score (HHS) and Western Ontario and McMaster Universities osteoarthritis index (WOMAC), were compared to evaluate the hip function and quick rehabilitation effect. Radiographic progression of ONFH and the incidence of total hip arthroplasty were analyzed to evaluate the survival rate of ONFH postoperatively. Statistical analyses were mainly performed with Kruskal–Wallis test, chi‐square test and Kaplan–Meier method.ResultsHHS increased significantly in all groups but showed no significant differences among the six groups in the first years. The nonvascularized allogeneic fibula with bone grafting (NVAF + BG) and percutaneous femoral neck–head fenestration with bone grafting via the direct anterior approach (DAA + BG) groups had significantly higher HHS (p = 0.010; p = 0.025) and WOMAC function score (p < 0.001; p = 0.012) than the CD group 5 years postoperatively. Compared with the CD group, all the other groups showed statistically significant differences in radiographic progression (p < 0.001) and a higher survival rate with no significant difference (p = 0.569).ConclusionOur study demonstrates the potential use of NVAF + BG and DAA + BG, may serve as a promising combined therapy for the treatment of early‐stage nontraumatic ONFH.