bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Human exposure to air contaminants under the far-UVC system operation in an office: Effects of lamp position and ventilation condition
Authors: Park Seongjun , Rim Donghyun 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

The far-UVC (222 nm) system has emerged as a solution for controlling airborne transmission, yet its effect on indoor air quality concerning positioning remains understudied. In this study, we examined the impact of far-UVC lamp position on the disinfection and secondary contaminant formation in a small office. We employed a three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model to integrate UV intensity fields formed by different lamp positions (ceiling-mounted, wall-mounted, and stand-alone types) with the air quality model. Our findings reveal that the ceiling-mounted type reduces human exposure to airborne pathogens by up to 80%. For all the lamp positions, the O3 concentration in the breathing zone increases by 4–6 ppb after one hour of operation. However, the stand-alone type poses a risk of exposing occupants to elevated levels of O3, as it creates a high concentration zone (> 25 ppb) near the lamp. Moreover, ventilation plays a crucial role in determining human exposure to airborne pathogens and secondary contaminants. Increasing the ventilation rate from 0.7 h− 1 to 4 h− 1 reduces airborne pathogen and secondary contaminant concentrations by up to 90%. However, caution is warranted as it could also lead to elevated O3 indoors, particularly in high outdoor O3 conditions.
Physicochemical Characterization of Biomineralized Structures of Sea Pen Pteroeides spinosum (Ellis &amp; Solander, 1786)(Octocorallia: Pennatulidae)
Authors: Erdoğan Sevil , Özalp H. Barış , Taşdelen Betül 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

In this study, biomineralized polyp leaf spicules and the endoskeletal axis of the coral Pteroeides spinosum were physicochemically characterized by FTIR, SEM, EDX, TGA, and XRD analyses. The mineralized inner axis of P. spinosum was also pulverized and incorporated into the polyacrylamide (PAAm) hydrogel structure. In vitro bioactivity of coral polyp leaf spicules was evaluated by using simulated body fluid. Characterization analyses identified the major crystalline phase of coral polyp leaves spicules and the inner axis as calcite. The coral's inner axis exhibits a looser structure due to its organic content, and also it has a notched and perforated surface morphology. Calcite sclerites obtained from polyp leaves exhibit a harder and crystalline structure and smooth surface morphology. TGA results revealed the organic matter in the coral individual is higher than that of the polyp leaf spicules. It resulted the coral's inner axis was compatible with the PAAm hydrogel. Coral polyp leaf spicules did not form apatit on their surface in simulated body fluid (SBF). The calcite content of the coral P. spinosum can be evaluated as an additive to improve mechanical properties and thermal stability in hydrogels and tissue engineering scaffolds.
Long-Term Outcomes Associated with a Pulmonary Embolism Response Team, a Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Longino August , Gardner Tiffany , Fuher Alexandra , Jurica James , Lindquist Jonathan , Bull Todd , Hountras Peter 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

In this retrospective cohort study, we investigated the impact of Pulmonary Embolism Response Team (PERT) consultation on long-term outcomes for patients with intermediate or high-risk pulmonary embolism (PE). The study spanned from April 1, 2019, to April 1, 2021, assessing the association between PERT consultation and various clinical outcomes in the 1–5 years following discharge. Propensity-matched analyses revealed that patients receiving PERT consultation (PCs) had significantly higher odds of PE clinic referral (OR 11.8, 95% CI 6.6–21.2, P < 0.001), follow-up visit attendance (OR 5.14, 95% CI 2.51–10.5, P < 0.001), and discussion of anticoagulation (OR 2.63, 95% CI 1.5–4.6, P < 0.001) compared to non-recipients (NPCs). There was no significant association between PERT consultation and bleeding complications or hospital readmission. However, a borderline-significant trend toward increased likelihood of venous thromboembolism (VTE) recurrence among PCs was noted (OR 3.8, 95% CI 0.99–14.8, P = 0.05). We observed a reduction in 1-year mortality among PCs (OR 0.27, 95% CI 0.12–0.59, P = 0.001), as well as over the entire follow-up period (OR 0.63, 95% CI 0.39–0.99, P = 0.47). Kaplan-Meier analysis further supported a significant difference in mortality (P = 0.001), with a hazard ratio of 0.44 (95% CI 0.28–0.73, P = 0.001) based on a Cox proportional-hazards model. This study suggests that PERT consultation may improve follow-up care and long-term outcomes for patients with intermediate or high-risk PE. However, additional research is needed to determine the optimal role of PERTs in PE management.
WAM Assisted Robust Fault Location in Smart Grids: Resilience Amid Cascaded Failures
Authors: Raskar Shivaji , Gawande Prashant , Dambahre Sanjay 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

This paper presents a robust transmission line fault location technique based on Wide-Area Measurements (WAMs). The ideal places for Phasor Measurement Units (PMUs) in the transmission network enable the acquisition of time-synchronized voltage and current measurements. Because of the optimalplacement of the PMU locations, every bus is observable to at least two. The fault section is first located using measurements of PMUs positioned appropriately to apply the proposed algorithm properly. Once the faulty section is identified, the exact fault location is found using the voltage and current measurements obtained for both ends of the faulty transmission line. When cascaded faults occur on the multi-bus system, interconnected line faults prohibit data acquisition for the non-PMU bus. In this particular instance, the transmission line’s characteristics, impedance, and propagation constant are considered to offer a single-ended fault location approach with enhanced fault location accuracy. The IEEE 39-bus New England system is employed to test the approach. The ATP-EMTP modeling platform simulatesthe power system, and an algorithm is written in MATLAB. Additionally, the intended results of the provided algorithm have been verified through the Opal-RT-OP4510 real-time simulator.
Performance Evaluation of Compansion-Based Clipped OFDM Systems
Authors: Pfletschinger Stephan , Dietl Guido 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

The peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR), commonly used to describe the amplitude variations of an orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) signal, does not accurately reflect its impact on the system performance. This paper applies the mutual information as a metric to assess the effects of nonlinear PAPR reduction schemes on the performance of OFDM systems. Evaluation of the achieved mutual information shows that a significant capacity loss from clipping occurs only at high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and a simple compression/expansion technique is proposed to achieve close to optimal performance in this regime. The effectiveness of this method is validated through bit error rate (BER) simulations with several modulation and coding schemes.
Cluster Based Adaptive Multi-Voltage Scaling Dynamic Task Mapping for WNoC and HWNoC
Authors: Ghosh Rivu , Agarwal Sneha , Sinha Mitali , Deb Sujay 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Wireless Network-on-Chip (WNoC) and Hybrid Wireless Network-on-Chip (HWNoC) architectures are promising solutions for future high-performance computing systems. However, WNoC consumes significant power, while HWNoC experiences congestion over the wireless link. Several state-of-the-art task mapping algorithms have been proposed to reduce power consumption and congestion over wireless links. However, these existing task mapping algorithms face challenges related to hotspots creation, sub-optimal utilization of wireless links, and also overlook idle core power reduction strategy. Additionally, each of the existing task mapping algorithms is designed for a specific architecture, either WNoC or HWNoC. To address these challenges we propose a novel task mapping algorithm called Cluster-Based Adaptive Multi-Voltage Scaling (CB-AMS). This algorithm dynamically maps tasks to clusters while performing multi-voltage scaling based on workload to significantly reduce power consumption and congestion over wireless links. A new cluster selection strategy is also proposed in CB-AMS to address the hotspot creation issue. CB-AMS is designed to be used in both WNoC and HWNoC architecture. Experimental results show that CB-AMS significantly reduces power consumption by 41% for WNoC and by 15-20% for HWNoC compared to state-of-the-art task mapping algorithms. Experimental results also validate that CB-AMS achieves better congestion control in HWNoC architecture by reducing latency by 3.6-5.5% compared to existing task mapping algorithms. Our experimental analysis has demonstrated that CB-AMS outperforms the current algorithms and delivers significant power reduction and improved congestion control for both WNoC and HWNoC architectures.
Superrefractory status epilepticus due to MT-TF-related mitochondrial disorder: a case report
Authors: Abdullah Farah Hanim , Ng Chin Ang , Kader Mohd Khazrul Nizar Abd , Masri Syarifah Noor Nazihah Sayed , Mat Wan Rahiza Wan 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background
Here, we present a case of superrefractory status epilepticus (SRSE) in a 23-year-old female with underlying mitochondrial epilepsy and a homoplastic pathogenic variant (m.616T > C) in the MT-TF gene.
Case Presentation:
Following a recent long-haul flight, the patient experienced breakthrough seizures and initially responded to oral levetiracetam and clonazepam but subsequently developed status epilepticus (SE), necessitating intubation, ventilation and multiple antiepileptic drugs (AEDs). Multiple computerized tomography scans of the brain and cerebrospinal fluid biochemistry were unremarkable. The patient’s seizures remained refractory, and thiopentone infusion was initiated, resulting in burst suppression. Transcranial magnetic stimulation resulted in intermittent seizure-free intervals with abnormal electroencephalogram (EEG) waveforms. The patient was transferred to the intensive care unit (ICU), where her SRSE persisted despite receiving levetiracetam, perampanel, lacosamide, and escalating doses of midazolam, propofol and fentanyl intravenous infusions with clonazepam, clobazam and lamotrigine subsequently added. Electroconvulsive therapy temporarily halted epileptiform activity but resulted in orofacial dyskinesia. Tracheostomy was performed to facilitate weaning from mechanical ventilation and discharge from the ICU.
Conclusion
This case highlights the challenges encountered in managing SRSE associated with mitochondrial epilepsy. Multiple treatment modalities are necessary to achieve seizure control. Further research and treatment strategies are needed to optimize outcomes in patients with mitochondrial epilepsy and refractory seizures.
Impaired Inosine Monophosphate Dehydrogenase Leads to Plant-Specific Ribosomal Stress Responses in Arabidopsis thaliana
Authors: Maekawa Shugo , Nishikawa Ikuto , Horiguchi Gorou 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Nucleotides are the building blocks of living organisms and their biosynthesis must be tightly regulated. Inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase (IMPDH) is a rate-limiting enzyme in GTP synthesis that is essential for biological activities, such as RNA synthesis. In animals, the suppression of IMPDH function causes ribosomal stress (also known as nucleolar stress), a disorder in ribosome biogenesis that results in cell proliferation defects and apoptosis. Despite its importance, plant IMPDH has not been analyzed in detail. Therefore, we analyzed the phenotypes of mutants of the two IMPDH genes in Arabidopsis thaliana and investigated their relationship with ribosomal stress. Double mutants of IMPDH1 and IMPDH2 were lethal, and only the impdh2 mutants showed growth defects and transient chlorophyll deficiency. These results suggested that IMPDH1 and IMPDH2 are redundant and essential, whereas IMPDH2 has a crucial role. In addition, the impdh2 mutants showed a reduction in nucleolus size and resistance to several translation inhibitors, which is a known response to ribosomal stress. Furthermore, the IMPDH1/impdh1 impdh2 mutants showed more severe growth defects and phenotypes such as reduced plastid rRNA levels and abnormal processing patterns than the impdh2 mutants. Finally, multiple mutations of impdh with as2, which has abnormal leaf polarity, caused the development of needle-like leaves because of the enhancement of the as2 phenotype, which is a typical effect observed in mutants of genes involved in ribosome biogenesis. These results indicated that IMPDH is closely related to ribosome biogenesis, and that mutations in the genes lead to not only known responses to ribosomal stress, but also plant-specific responses.
New distributional record of 31 marine fishes from rocky reefs of Kerala: A case study with underwater visual census (UVC) method
Authors: Baiju P. T. Puthuparambil , Pereira F. G. Pereira Benno , Sethu M. R. Madhavan , V Limna Mol V. P. , Prabhakaran M. P. M , Jayaprakas V. Vasu 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Monitoring ichthyofaunal diversity through in-situ approach is crucial in critical habitats like rocky reefs serving as feeding, breeding, and nursing grounds for marine life, including fishes. This is significant in coastal regions facing habitat loss, pollution, climate change, and overfishing. Marine scientists use underwater visual census (UVS) for fish diversity surveys. This manuscript highlights UVS's importance in marine biodiversity documentation. During an underwater survey from December 2013 to February 2018, 232 fish species from 2 classes, 16 orders, 62 families, and 114 genera were recorded. The study focused on shallow depths (~ 1 m), reef crests, reef slopes (up to 10 m), and sand flats (up to 12 m). It predicted family-wise species diversity at 15–30m depths using extrapolation and modelling. Notably, 31 marine fish species from 17 families and 24 genera had new distribution ranges in the Indian Ocean and India. Among these, 13 species were first-time records for Indian waters, and 18 were new regional records for Kerala. The study underscores reef-associated biodiversity explorations' importance and the in-situ method's significance in biodiversity documentation of the least-studied, species-rich, and ecologically sensitive rocky reef ecosystems of Kerala coast.
Enhanced Analysis: GAN-Based Medical Imaging Analysis for Brain Tumor Detection
Authors: Ramya T , Charan S Sai , Amith S , Kumar T Akshay , Pallavi Lanke 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

This is one of the most prevalent and intricate medical conditions. Brain tumours are an example of an imaging challenge that can arise. Conventional approaches prove inadequate in capturing the diverse array of lesions. As widely recognised, brain tumours are among the most profoundly deleterious conditions that can drastically shorten an individual’s lifespan. Numerous techniques are inadequate for discerning the variety of tumour shapes, sizes, and locations. When combined with deep learning methods, GANs are capable of capturing the tumour’s dimensions, locations, and structures. GAN artificially scans brain tumours. In practice, deep learning systems will improve upon the scarcity of datasets. This improves their skills and allows them to achieve their goals. Classifying and dividing brain tumours efficiently is crucial. You can also improve photos with poor resolution. We use GANs in conjunction with a comprehensive learning process. Neuronet19, a deep learning architecture, is a crossbreed of IPPM (Inverted Pyramid Pooling Module) and VGG19 which is used to identify brain tumors. The Visual Geometry Group, or VGG19, detects brain tumours and functions as the backbone of Neuronet19. The NeuroNet 19 training employs four distinct types of BTs: glioma, meningioma, absence of tumor, and pituitary tumor. Furthermore, it is apparent that NeuroNet19 uses the most accurate approach compared to all other businesses. The accuracy examination yielded an F1 score of 99.2% and a Cohen Kappa coefficient (CKC) of 99%.
Multi-layered Network Analysis of Osteoking in the Treatment of Osteoporosis: Unraveling Mechanisms from Gene Expression to Molecular Docking
Authors: Chen He , Ying Jun , Xie Xianjie , Huang Boyun , Lin Pengcheng 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

This study aimed to elucidate the therapeutic mechanisms of Osteoking in the treatment of osteoporosis through a comprehensive analysis of potential targets, active ingredients, and associated pathways. Method: The study employed an integrated approach to understand the molecular mechanisms underlying Osteoking's treatment of osteoporosis. The construction of the protein-protein interaction network involved analyzing data from GENEMANIA and STRING databases. KEGG enrichment analysis was performed to identify enriched pathways, focusing on the cAMP signaling and PI3K-AKT signaling pathways. Active ingredients, disease targets, and osteoporosis-related pathways were integrated into a comprehensive network diagram using Cytoscape. Result: The Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database was employed to identify osteoporosis-related gene targets, revealing 3,578 downregulated and 1,204 upregulated genes. Simultaneously, Osteoking's active ingredients and potential targets were investigated using the Encyclopedia of Traditional Chinese Medicine (ETCM). A protein-protein interaction network and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis were constructed, highlighting potential targets for Osteoking's therapeutic effects on osteoporosis. The study also conducted molecular docking analysis, revealing the strong binding capacities of Kaempferol with key disease targets. The results suggest that Osteoking, particularly its active component Kaempferol, holds promise as a potential intervention for osteoporosis, providing insights for further exploration and development of osteoporosis treatments. Conclusions: In conclusion, despite some limitations, this study provides valuable information for the treatment of osteoporosis. Future research should make further progress by continually expanding data sources, conducting in-depth experimental validations, and broadening the scope of targets to better understand and address this common skeletal disorder.
Multi-Stable Origami Structures with Thick Panels
Authors: Li Yang , Wang Heming , Miao Zhuangzhi , Zhou Tong , Liu Ke , Ye Haitao 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Multi-stable morphing structures can be self-locked, easily actuated, and generate impulsive motion, and origami mechanisms with thick panels have the practical combination of morphing ability and load-bearing capacity. In this paper, we combine the two and propose a method to design multi-stable thick-origami (MSTO) structures, where the stable configurations can be arbitrarily prescribed. Bi-stable degree-4 and tri-stable degree-6 vertices with the corresponding tessellations are designed, analyzed, manufactured, and experimentally tested. Compared to the original one-degree-of-freedom thick-origami mechanisms, the multi-stable/multi-compatible version in this paper has a larger design space with more achievable configurations due to the relaxation of compatibility constraints. In addition to the existent multi-stable origami designs, such as Kresling-ori tubes and vertex-inverting locking designs, this work provides a new form of multi-stable origami with 2 to 3 arbitrarily prescribable stable configurations. Preliminary applications like self-locking deployable furniture and an impulsive gripper are demonstrated, which suggest a promising and potential prospect in many engineering fields such as deployable architectures and robotic devices.
Desmoplakin CSM models unravel mechanisms regulating the binding to intermediate filaments and putative therapeutics for cardiocutaneous diseases
Authors: Badowski Cedric , Benny Paula , Verma Chandra S , Lane E. Birgitte 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy (AC) is a severe heart condition that can be fatal during intense exercise or in pregnant women. It is induced by mutation (e.g. R2834H) of the carboxyterminus tail of desmoplakin (DP CT), but the lack of knowledge on this region limits the discovery of therapeutic compounds. Here, we have created 3D models of DP CT which show the structural effects of AC-inducing mutations as well as the implications of post-translational modifications (PTMs). Our results suggest that, in absence of PTMs, positively charged wildtype DP CT likely folds back onto negatively-charged plectin repeat 14 of nearby plakin repeat domain C (PRD C) contributing to the recruitment of intermediate filaments (IFs). When phosphorylated and methylated, negatively-charged wildtype DP CT would then fold back onto positively-charged plectin repeat 17 of PRD C, promoting the repulsion of intermediate filaments (IFs). However, by preventing PTMs, the R2834H mutation would lead to the formation of a cytoplasmic mutant desmoplakin with a constitutively positive DP CT tail that would be aberrantly recruited by cytoplasmic IFs instead of desmosomes, potentially weakening cell-cell contacts and promoting AC. Virtual screening of FDA-approved drug libraries identified several promising drug candidates for the treatment of cardiocutaneous diseases through drug repurposing.
Synthesis of dual-responsive, highly fluorescent, non-conjugated polymer dots for Fe 3+ detection
Authors: Vahedi Forough , Arsalani Nasser , Amjadi Mohammad 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Highly fluorescent non-conjugated polymer dots (PDs) were synthesized by an aqueous synthetic route using a hydrothermal method from polyester prepared with PEG and di-anhydride EDTA (DA-EDTA). The synthesized PDs display strong blue fluorescence with a high quantum yield (QY) of 45% in water and more than 45% in ethanol, dimethyl sulfoxide, N, N-dimethyl formamid, and acetone. The optical and structural properties of the PDs were investigated by UV–Vis, fluorescence spectrophotometry, EDX, FTIR, SEM, TEM, AFM, and DLS. The PDs were used as a sensitive fluorescence probe for Fe3+ ions detection, with a low detection limit of 1.28 µM. The linear range in which fluorescent intensity decreases with increasing Fe3+ is 0-120 µM. Besides, in the range of 20℃ to 70 ℃, fluorescent intensity declines with increasing temperature. Therefore, it can also be used as a thermometer. The spike recovery test confirmed the practicality of the method for the analysis of Fe3+ ions in tap water samples.
Application of Discrete Random Forest Algorithm in Multi-Person Asynchronous Parallel Disassembly Sequence Planning for Hydropower Station Equipment Maintenance
Authors: Li Bailin , Chen Ao , Wu Panqi , Zhang Chao , Fu Wenlong 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Working procedures is the key link of equipment maintenance in hydropower stations. Excellent working procedures is beneffcial to improve maintenance quality and efffciency. However, for the complex hydropower station equipment with multiple parts, it is difffcult to obtain the multi-person collaborative working procedures of maintenance tasks. To overcome this problem, this paper establishes a multi-person asynchronous parallel disassembly sequence planning (DSP) model and solves it using a discrete random forest algorithm (DRFA). Firstly, based on the actual operation environment of the hydropower station, a disassembly model is constructed by considering the disassembly tools, disassembly direction, part distance, and working space. Secondly, DRFA is proposed. Meanwhile, a sub-tree fftting strategy and a sub-tree iteration mechanism are introduced to increase the probability of ffnding the optimal sequence. Thirdly, taking hydropower station equipment as example, higher quality disassembly sequencecan be obtained by DRFA compared with simpliffed discrete gravitational searchalgorithm (SDGSA), genetic algorithm (GA), and simpliffed swarm optimization(SSO), which reffects the applicability of the method.