bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
CXCR7 is inducible by HTLV‐1 Tax and promotes growth and survival of HTLV‐1‐infected T cells
Authors: Jin Zhe , Nagakubo Daisuke , Shirakawa Aiko‐Konno , Nakayama Takashi , Shigeta Akiko , Hieshima Kunio , Yamada Yasuaki , Yoshie Osamu 
Published: June 2009

AbstractHuman T‐lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV‐1), the etiological agent of adult T‐cell leukemia (ATL), encodes the potent transcriptional activator Tax, which is required for HTLV‐1‐induced immortalization of T cells. CXCR7 is an atypical chemokine receptor frequently expressed by tumor cells and known to promote cell growth and survival. We found that HTLV‐1‐immortalized T cells expressing Tax consistently expressed CXCR7. Induction of Tax in JPX‐9 upregulated CXCR7. Wild‐type Tax efficiently activated the CXCR7 promoter via a proximal NF‐κB site, while a mutant Tax selectively defective in NF‐κB activation did not. CCX754, a synthetic CXCR7 antagonist, inhibited cell growth and increased apoptosis of HTLV‐1‐immortalized T cells. Knockdown of CXCR7 by small interfering RNA also reduced cell growth. Stable expression of CXCR7 in a CXCR7‐negative ATL cell line promoted cell growth and survival. Taken together, CXCR7 is inducible by Tax and may play an important role in HTLV‐1‐induced immortalization of T cells by promoting growth and survival of HTLV‐1‐infected T cells. © 2009 UICC
Construction of a multi‐functional extracellular matrix protein that increases number of N1E‐115 neuroblast cells having neurites
Authors: Nakamura Makiko , Mie Masayasu , Mihara Hisakazu , Nakamura Makoto , Kobatake Eiry 
Published: June 2009

AbstractAn artificially designed fusion protein, which was designed to have strong cell adhesive activity and an active functional unit that enhances neuronal differentiation of mouse N1E‐115 neuroblast cells, was developed. In this study, a laminin‐1‐derived IKVAV sequence, which stimulates neurite outgrowth in conditions of serum deprivation, was engineered and incorporated into an elastin‐derived structural unit. The designed fusion protein also had a cell‐adhesive RGD sequence derived from fibronectin. The resultant fusion protein could adsorb efficiently onto hydrophobic culture surfaces and showed cell adhesion activity similar to laminin. N1E‐115 cells grown on the fusion protein exhibited more cells with neurites than cells grown on laminin‐1. These results indicated that the constructed protein could retain properties of incorporated functional peptides and could provide effective signal transport. The strategy of designing multi‐functional fusion proteins has the possibility for supporting current tissue engineering techniques. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2009
Study of the proinflammatory role of human differentiated omental adipocytes
Authors: Bassols Judit , Ortega Francisco J. , Moreno‐Navarrete José M. , Peral Belén , Ricart Wifredo , Fernández‐Real Jose‐Manuel 
Published: June 2009

AbstractInfiltration of monocyte‐derived macrophages into adipose tissue has been associated with tissue and systemic inflammation. It has been suggested that macrophage infiltration affects fat expansion through a paracrine action on adipocyte differentiation. Our working hypothesis is that factors released by monocytes/macrophages may also affect mature adipocyte biology. Human differentiated omental adipocytes were incubated with LPS and conditioned media obtained from human macrophage‐like cell line THP‐1, previously activated or not with LPS. We show that LPS greatly increased the secretion levels of pro‐inflammatory adipokines including IL‐6, IL‐8, GRO, and MCP‐1. Macrophage‐conditioned medium also upregulated IL‐6, IL‐8, GRO, and MCP‐1 mRNA expression and protein levels and led to the novo secretion of ICAM‐1, IL‐1β, IP‐10, MIP‐1α, MIP‐1β, VEGF, and TNFα. Human differentiated adipocytes treated by macrophage‐conditioned medium displayed marked reduction of adipocyte function as assessed by decreased phosphorylation levels of ERK1, ERK2, and p38α and reduced gene expression of lipogenic markers including PPAR‐γ and fatty acid synthase. These data show that macrophage‐secreted factors not only inhibit the formation of mature adipocytes but alter their function, suggesting that human differentiated omental adipocytes might also contribute to systemic chronic low‐grade inflammation associated with human obesity. J. Cell. Biochem. 107: 1107–1117, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Bioprocesses for air pollution control
Authors: Kennes Christian , Rene Eldon R. , Veiga María C. 
Published: June 2009

AbstractBioprocesses have been developed as relatively recent alternatives to conventional, non‐biological technologies, for waste gas treatment and air pollution control in general. This paper reviews major biodegradation processes relevant in this field as well as both accepted and major innovative bioreactor configurations studied or used nowadays for the treatment of polluted air, i.e. biofilters, one‐ and two‐liquid phase biotrickling filters, bioscrubbers, membrane bioreactors, rotating biodiscs and biodrums, one‐ and two‐liquid phase suspended growth bioreactors, as well as hybrid reactor configurations. Some of these bioreactors are being used at full‐scale for solving air pollution problems, while others are still at the research and development stage at laboratory‐ or pilot‐scale. Copyright © 2009 Society of Chemical Industry
Association of orthodenticle with natural variation for early embryonic patterning in Drosophila melanogaster
Authors: Goering Lisa M. , Hunt Priscilla K. , Heighington Cassandra , Busick Christopher , Pennings Pleuni , Hermisson Joachim , Kumar Sudhir , Gibson Greg 
Published: June 2009

AbstractAlthough it is well established that cis‐acting regulatory variation contributes to morphological evolution between species, few concrete examples of polymorphism affecting developmental patterning within species have been demonstrated. Early embryogenesis in Drosophila is initiated by a gradient of Bicoid morphogen activity that results in differential expression of multiple target genes. In a screen for genetic variation affecting this process, we surveyed 96 wild‐type lines of Drosophila melanogaster for polymorphisms in binding sites within 16 Bicoid cis‐regulatory response elements. One common polymorphism in the orthodenticle (otd) early head enhancer is associated with a complex series of indels/substitutions that define two distinct haplotypes. The middle region of this enhancer exhibits an unusual pattern of nucleotide diversity that does not easily fit into standard models of selection and demography. Population Gene Expression Maps, generated by extracting binary expression profiles from normalized embryo images, revealed a ventral reduction of otd transcript abundance in one of the haplotypes that was recapitulated in expression of transgenic constructs containing the two alleles. We thus demonstrate that even a process as robust as early developmental patterning is affected by standing genetic variation, intriguingly involving otd, whose morphogenetic function bicoid is thought to have displaced during dipteran evolution. J. Exp. Zool. (Mol. Dev. Evol.) 312B:841–854, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Star coloring planar graphs from small lists
Authors: Kündgen André , Timmons Craig 
Published: June 2009

AbstractA star coloring of a graph is a proper vertex‐coloring such that no path on four vertices is 2‐colored. We prove that the vertices of every planar graph of girth 6 (respectively 7, 8) can be star colored from lists of size 8 (respectively 7, 6). We give an example of a planar graph of girth 5 that requires 6 colors to star color. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Graph Theory 63: 324–337, 2010
Ageing of calcium silicate cements for endodontic use in simulated body fluids: a micro‐Raman study
Authors: Taddei Paola , Tinti Anna , Gandolfi Maria Giovanna , Rossi Piermaria Luigi , Prati Carlo 
Published: June 2009

AbstractTo evaluate bioactivity properties, a calcium silicate experimental cement (wTC) and a phosphate‐doped wTC cement (wTC‐TCP) were aged for different times (1–180 days) at 37 °C in two simulated body fluids, i.e. Dulbecco's phosphate buffered saline (DPBS) and Hank's balanced salt solution (HBSS). The cements were analyzed by micro‐Raman spectroscopy to investigate the presence of calcium phosphate deposits and the composition changes as a function of the storage time (hydration of anhydrite/gypsum and formation of ettringite; hydration of belite/alite and formation of hydrated silicates). After 1 day of ageing in DPBS, the two cements already showed a different behavior: only the surface of wTC‐TCP cement showed the band at 965 cm−1, suggesting the formation of a detectably thick calcium phosphate deposit. The trend of the I965/I990 Raman intensity ratio indicated the formation of a meanly thicker apatite deposit on the wTC‐TCP cement until 90 days. After 60 days of ageing in DPBS, the thickness of the apatite deposit on wTC and wTC‐TCP was about 200 and 500 µm, respectively, whereas at 180 days, the two cements did not appear significantly different (thickness of about 900 µm). The bioactivity of both cements in HBSS was less pronounced than in DPBS, according to the lower phosphate concentration of HBSS; at the same time, higher amounts of calcite were found on the surface of both cements. The wTC‐TCP cement showed a higher bioactivity in this medium also; after 180 days, the thickness of the apatite deposit on wTC and wTC‐TCP was < 50 µm and about 100 µm, respectively. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
High‐resolution Brillouin scattering and heat capacity studies of bis(guanidinium)zirconium bis(nitrilotriacetate)hydrate, [C(NH2)3]2Zr[N(CH2COO)3]2·H2O
Authors: Mączka M. , Kaminskii A. A. , Hanuza J. , Kojima S. 
Published: June 2009

AbstractHigh‐resolution micro‐Brillouin scattering and heat capacitiy studies of polar bis(guanidinium)zirconium bis(nitrilotriacetate)hydrate were performed in the temperature range 230–305 K. Strong anomalies in the Brillouin shift and the attenuation were observed near 290 K upon cooling for the sound waves corresponding to the c22 elastic constant. For this elastic constant, the coupling between the order parameter and the elastic strains is linear quadratic. In case of the c44 and c66, the coupling is biquadratic, giving rise to an increase of these parameters below 290 K. The analysis of the acoustic anomalies and heat capacity results near 290 K revealed that they correspond to a second‐order, cell‐multiplying, displacive phase transition. The second phase transition leads to weak acoustic anomalies at approximately 284 K. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Photonic atoms and molecules
Authors: Rakovich Y.P. , Donegan J.F. 
Published: June 2009

AbstractWe will review recent advances in the investigation of optical modes in single three‐dimensional whispering‐gallery microcavities and coupled microresonators. Due to the small size and high quality factor these resonators have the potential for development of single‐photon emitters, nanojets, sensors and low‐threshold lasers and for fundamental studies of optical matter interactions.
Inhibition of 304 stainless steel corrosion in acidic solution by Ferula gumosa (galbanum) extract
Authors: Behpour M. , Ghoreishi S. M. , Kashani M. Khayat , Soltani N. 
Published: June 2009

AbstractThe inhibition effect of the extract of galbanum (Ferula gummosa Boiss.) on the corrosion of 304 stainless steel in 2 M HCl solution was studied by weight loss measurements, Tafel polarization, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) methods. It was found that the inhibition efficiency (IE) increases as the extract concentration is increased. Tafel polarization method revealed the mixed mode inhibition of galbanum extract (GE) with predominant control of anodic reaction. The effect of temperature on the corrosion behavior of steel indicates that inhibition efficiency of the natural substance increases with the rise in temperature. At all temperatures, the adsorption of the extract components onto the steel surface was found to follow the Temkin adsorption isotherm.
Corrosion inhibition of mild steel in hydrochloric acid by 6‐aminohexanoic acid
Authors: Abdeli M. , Ahmadi N. P. , Khosroshahi R. A. 
Published: June 2009

AbstractThe inhibiting behavior of 6‐aminohexanoic acid (C6H13NO2) on mild steel corrosion in 1 M HCl as corroding solution at 25 °C was evaluated by weight loss, polarization, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) methods. The weight loss, polarization, and EIS measurements were relatively in good agreement together. Results obtained by the three methods showed that the inhibition efficiency (%IE) increases with increasing the concentration of 6‐aminohexanoic acid up to 6.86 × 10−05 M (about %IE = 80). It was also found that the adsorptive behavior of the investigated inhibitor on the steel surface followed Langmuir‐type isotherm, the 6‐aminohexanoic acid acted as a mixed type inhibitor and its inhibition mechanism obeys from the chemisorption interaction between 6‐aminohexanoic acid and the mild steel.
Corrosion‐technical properties of high‐strength stainless steels for the application in prestressed concrete structures
Authors: Wu Y. , Nürnberger U. 
Published: June 2009

AbstractExperience with prestressed concrete over about half a century has indicated that the corrosion resistance of conventional prestressing steel does not always satisfy, especially the prestressing steels are susceptible to chloride attack (de‐icing salts) and hydrogen (hydrogen‐induced stress corrosion cracking). On the other hand corrosion agents, such as chloride, condensation water, can penetrate in the concrete and arrive at the surface of steels. Hence, corrosion damage of prestressing steels can happen and, in the extreme cases, the prestressed concrete structure collapsed resulting from the failure of the tendon. In this paper, consideration is made to use high‐strength stainless steels as prestressing tendon with bond in concrete. The high‐strength stainless steels of qualities 1.4301 (X5CrNi18‐10), 1.4401 (X5CrNiMo17‐12‐2), 1.4436 (X3CrNiMo17‐13‐3) and 1.4439 (X3CrNiMoN17‐13‐5) with sequence of increasing austenite stability were investigated. For application in prestressing tendon with bond in concrete the cold‐drawn high‐strength stainless steel of quality 1.4401 is an optimal proposition regarding its satisfactory resistance against pitting corrosion and stress corrosion cracking (SCC) in structure‐related corrosive conditions. The lower alloyed steel 1.4301 has an insufficient resistance against the chloride‐induced corrosion because of the lack of molybdenum and the content of deformation martensite due to the strong cold‐drawing of its unstable austenitic structure.
A field study of critical chloride content in reinforced concrete with blended binder
Authors: Tang L. , Utgenannt P. 
Published: June 2009

AbstractThis paper presents the results from the investigation of chloride‐induced reinforcement corrosion in concrete slabs after over 13 years exposure in the marine environment. In the beginning of 1990s over 40 reinforced concrete slabs with different types of binder and water/binder ratios were exposed in a marine environment at Swedish west coast. In this study a new rapid technique was used for non‐destructive measurement of corrosion. Based on the results from the non‐destructive measurement, the actual corrosion of steel bars in five concrete slabs was visually examined and the chloride profiles in the penetrating direction as well as at the cover level were measured. The results show that the visible corrosion normally occurred about 10–20 cm under the seawater level, where the oxygen may be sufficiently available for initiating the corrosion. It is also found that chloride may easily penetrate through a poor interface between concrete and mortar spacer and initiate an early corrosion. As a conclusion, although the chloride level 1% by mass of binder may not be the same as the conventionally defined threshold value, it can be taken as the critical level for significant on‐going corrosion that is visible by destructive visual examination, despite types of binder.
Critical chloride content and its influence on service life predictions
Authors: Markeset G. 
Published: June 2009

AbstractIn service life predictions of concrete structures in marine environment, the critical chloride content is a crucial parameter. However, there is a lack of reliable data for this parameter. This paper presents a statistical model for the critical chloride content derived from measurements based on corrosion sensors installed in a 37 years old jetty. For each corrosion sensor location, the chloride content at different sensor rings is found from the chloride profile obtained from detailed profile grinding of the concrete core drilled out before installation of each sensor. The critical chloride content for each sensor location is then obtained by comparing the chloride profile with the sensor reading at the depth of depassivation. Further, the influence of the critical chloride content on the calculated service life is studied. From the probabilistic service life calculations, it is found that the service life increases from 50 to 100 years if the characteristic value of the critical chloride content increases from 0.34 to 0.67% (by weight of cement).
Quadrupole ion traps
Authors: March Raymond E. 
Published: June 2009

AbstractThe extraordinary story of the three‐dimensional radiofrequency quadrupole ion trap, accompanied by a seemingly unintelligible theoretical treatment, is told in some detail because of the quite considerable degree of commercial success that quadrupole technology has achieved. The quadrupole ion trap, often used in conjunction with a quadrupole mass filter, remained a laboratory curiosity until 1979 when, at the American Society for Mass Spectrometry Conference in Seattle, George Stafford, Jr., of Finnigan Corp., learned of the Masters' study of Allison Armitage of a combined quadrupole ion trap/quadrupole mass filter instrument for the observation of electron impact and chemical ionization mass spectra of simple compounds eluting from a gas chromatograph. Stafford developed subsequently the mass‐selective axial instability method for obtaining mass spectra from the quadrupole ion trap alone and, in 1983, Finnigan Corp. announced the first commercial quadrupole ion trap instrument as a detector for a gas chromatograph. In 1987, confinement of ions generated externally to the ion trap was demonstrated and, soon after, the new technique of electrospray ionization was shown to be compatible with the ion trap. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc., Mass Spec Rev 28:961–989, 2009
A randomized, double‐blind, placebo controlled, multi‐center study of intravenous iron sucrose and placebo in the treatment of restless legs syndrome
Authors: Grote Ludger , Leissner Lena , Hedner Jan , Ulfberg Jan 
Published: June 2009

AbstractIron deficiency may exacerbate symptoms in the Restless Legs Syndrome (RLS). We investigated the effect of intravenous iron sucrose or placebo on symptoms in patients with RLS and mild to moderate iron deficit. Sixty patients with primary RLS (seven males, age 46 (9) years, S‐ferritin ≤45 μg/L) recruited from a cohort of 231 patients were randomly assigned in a 12‐months double‐blind, multi‐centre study of iron sucrose 1000 mg (n = 29) or saline (n = 31). The primary efficacy variable was the RLS severity scale (IRLS) score at week 11. Median IRLS score decreased from 24 to 7 (week 11) after iron sucrose and from 26 to 17 after placebo (P= 0.123, N.S. for between treatment comparison). The corresponding scores at week 7 were 12 and 20 in the two groups (P= 0.017). Drop out rate because of lack of efficacy at 12 months was 19/31 after placebo and 5/29 patients after iron sucrose (Kaplan–Meier estimate, log rank testP= 0.0006) suggesting an iron induced superior long term RLS symptom control. Iron sucrose was well tolerated. This study showed a lack of superiority of iron sucrose at 11 weeks but found evidence that iron sucrose reduced RLS symptoms both in the acute phase (7 weeks) and during long‐term follow up in patients with variable degree of iron deficiency. Further studies on target patient groups, dosing and dosing intervals are warranted before iron sucrose could be considered for treatment of iron deficient patients with RLS. © 2009 Movement Disorder Society
Observations on the extended Matsuoka–Nakai failure criterion
Authors: Griffiths D. V. , Huang Jinsong 
Published: June 2009

AbstractThe equivalent Mohr–Coulomb (M‐C) friction angle ϕ (J. Geotech. Eng. 1990; 116(6):986–999) of the extended Matsuoka–Nakai (E‐M‐N) criterion has been examined under all possible stress paths. It is shown that ϕ depends only on the ratio of cohesion to confining stress c′/σ and the frictional angle ϕ, where ϕ is the friction angle measured in triaxial compression (or extension) to which the E‐M‐N surface is fitted. It is also shown that ϕ is independent of c′, when σ=0 and of σ when c′=0, with the former representing an upper bound and the latter a lower bound of ϕ for any particular stress path. The closest point projection method has also been implemented successfully with the E‐M‐N criterion, and plane strain and axisymmetric element tests performed to verify some theoretical predictions relating to failure and post‐yielding behavior. Finally, a bearing capacity problem was analyzed using both E‐M‐N and M‐C, highlighting the conservative nature of M‐C for different friction angles. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Magnetic resonance imaging and biological properties of pancreatic islets labeled with iron oxide nanoparticles
Authors: Kim Hoe Suk , Choi YoonSeok , Song In Chan , Moon Woo Kyung 
Published: June 2009

AbstractThis study was undertaken to investigate the in vitro effect of islet labeling with iron oxide nanoparticles for MRI on islet viability, insulin secretion, and gene expression. Isolated rat islets were labeled with Resovist (25–200 µg Fe/mL, a clinically approved MRI contrast agent) in the presence or absence of poly‐l‐Lysine (PLL, 1.5 µg/mL) for 48 h. The iron content of labeled islets was found to increase in a dose‐dependent manner. More than 90% of the islets were labeled with 100 µg Fe/mL. We confirmed the localizations of iron oxide nanoparticles within islet β‐cells by insulin immunostaining. As the concentration of Resovist increased, T2 values as determined by T2‐weighted MRI on a 1.5 Tesla MR scanner decreased. Labeling of 100 islets in a medium containing 100 µg Fe/mL of Resovist in the absence of PLL provided sufficient contrast for islet visualization on T2‐weighted MRI. MTT assays showed that the viability of labeled islets was not different from that of unlabeled islets. No statistical difference was observed between labeled (2.91 ± 0.36) and unlabeled islets (2.83 ± 0.61) in terms of the ability to secrete insulin, as determined by the glucose stimulation index. We also evaluated the effect of iron oxide incorporation on the gene expressions in islet cells using RT‐PCR (reverse transcriptase PCR). Insulin expression in labeled islets was significantly elevated (1.83 ± 0.25 fold vs. unlabeled; p = 0.005), but not the expression of somatostatin (1.39 ± 0.18 fold vs. unlabeled; p = 0.085) or glucagons (1.28 ± 0.13 fold vs. unlabeled; p = 0.09). Expression of an important transcription factor for insulin gene transcription, BETA2 (beta‐cell E‐box trans‐activator), was increased in labeled islets (1.67 ± 0.15 fold vs. unlabeled; p = 0.029). The findings of this study indicate that Resovist provides a satisfactory means to image islets and has no deleterious effect on islet function or gene expression. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.