bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
RP‐HPLC determination of phenylalkanoids and monoterpenoids in Rhodiola rosea and identification by LC‐ESI‐TOF
Authors: Avula Bharathi , Wang Yan‐Hong , Ali Zulfiqar , Smillie Troy J. , Filion Vicky , Cuerrier Alain , Arnason John T. , Khan Ikhlas A. 
Published: April 2009

AbstractAn HPLC method permitting the simultaneous determination of fourteen analytes (phenylalkanoids and monoterpenoids) from the roots of Rhodiola rosea was developed. A separation was achieved within 35 min using C18 column material and a water–acetonitrile mobile phase, both containing a 0.05% phosphoric acid gradient system and a temperature of 53°C. The method was validated for linearity, repeatability, limits of detection and limits of quantification. The limits of detection and limits of quantification of 14 phenylalkanoids and monoterpenoids were found to be 0.20–1.0 and 0.5–3.5 µg/mL, respectively. The wavelengths used for quantification of phenylalkanoids and monoterpenoids with a diode array detector were 205, 220 and 251 nm. The method was used to analyze the roots of two species of Rhodiola and commercial extracts of R. rosea and provides preliminary evidence of phytochemical differences between North American and Eurasian populations of R. rosea. LC–mass spectrometry coupled with electrospray ionization (ESI) interface method is described for the identification of phenylalkanoids and monoterpenoids in various Rhodiola samples. This method involved the use of the [M + H]+, [M + NH4]+ and [M + Na]+ ions in the positive ion mode with extractive ion monitoring (EIM). Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Rumination, goal linking, daily hassles and life events in major depression
Authors: McIntosh Emily , Gillanders David , Rodgers Sheelagh 
Published: April 2009

AbstractBackground: Rumination in response to stressful events and depressed mood leads to harmful outcomes. In addition to intra‐psychic processes, depression is also associated with daily hassles and major life events. Self‐regulatory beliefs such as goal linking could mediate the link between life events, daily hassles, rumination and major depression. Method: The relationships between depressed mood, rumination, goal linking, life events and daily hassles were investigated in a between‐groups design. Standardized questionnaire measures of these constructs were used to compare depressed participants with a group of people experiencing psychological distress, but not major depression, and a never‐depressed group. Results: Participants with major depression experienced similar numbers of life events as the other groups, though the impact of these was greater for the depressed group than either the psychological distress group or the healthy controls. Depressed participants also experienced greater daily hassles than either of the other two groups. Depressed participants were also higher in goal linking and rumination. Regression analysis demonstrated that neither life events nor goal linking predict rumination or depressed mood. Rumination appears to moderate the relationship between daily hassles and depressed mood. Discussion: Theoretical and clinical implications are discussed. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Basic Processes in Complex (Dusty) Plasmas: Charging, Interactions, and Ion Drag Force
Authors: Khrapak S. , Morfill G. 
Published: April 2009

AbstractRecent developments in the theoretical investigations of complex (dusty) plasmas – low temperature plasmas containing charged microparticles – are reviewed. The focus is mostly on important basic problems of plasmaparticle interactions, including particle charging, electric potential distribution around the particle, interparticle interactions, and the ion drag force. In particular, the importance of plasma‐neutral collisions (especially ionneutral) is emphasized (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Stereoselective Chemoenzymatic Synthesis of Enantiopure 1‐(Heteroaryl)ethanamines by Lipase‐Catalysed Kinetic Resolutions
Authors: Alatorre‐Santamaría Sergio , Gotor‐Fernández Vicente , Gotor Vicente 
Published: April 2009

AbstractThe efficient chemical synthesis and enzymatic kinetic resolution of a family of 1‐(heteroaryl)ethanamines have been performed with lipases responsible for the preparation of nitrogenated compounds in high optical purity. Thus, Candida antarctica lipase type B has been identified as an excellent biocatalyst for the stereoselective production of the corresponding enantiomerically enriched (R)‐acetamides and (S)‐amines. A similar effect of the heteroatom in the cyclic ring has been observed in terms of reactivity and enantioselectivity, with benzoxazole, benzothiazole and benzimidazole derivatives being obtained with excellent enantiopurities after one day of reaction. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2009)
An implicit method for the Navier–Stokes equations on overlapping block‐structured grids
Authors: Ahusborde E. , Glockner S. 
Published: April 2009

AbstractThis paper deals with a method first introduced by Romé et al. in two articles. The authors reported that their method was suitable to run the Navier–Stokes equations efficiently on non‐matching and overlapping block‐structured meshes. However, there was a problem of mass conservation and a discontinuity of pressure through the interfaces in some cases. In the present paper, an improvement of the method based on a pressure correction scheme is proposed. With this improvement, the pressure is continuous through the interfaces and the incompressibility constraint is ensured over the whole domain. Several numerical tests were carried out to assess the proposed method. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Real‐time measurement of H/D exchange in a microdialysis Raman quartz cell
Authors: Carmona Pedro , Molina Marina 
Published: April 2009

AbstractWe present here a novel quartz cell for monitoring H/D exchange in biomolecules using Raman spectroscopy. This cell is combined with a syringe to pump heavy water through a hollow microdialysis fibre, which is inserted into the cell. The deuterium efflux into the sample has been studied as a function of the molecular weight cut‐off of the microdialysis fibre and compared with other microcell systems comprising conventional glass capillaries. The fastest D2O efflux that we have obtained (kd = 0.38 ± 0.008 min−1) permits to measure exchange rates of 2.5 min−1 or less. Application of this cell to deuterium exchange in glyceraldehyde‐3‐phosphate dehydrogenase reveals a class of H‐atoms highly resistant to deuteration, which is consistent with a previous infrared study on this protein. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Electrochemical and in situ SERS spectroelectrochemical investigations of 4‐methyl‐4H‐1, 2, 4‐triazole‐3‐thiol monolayers at a silver electrode
Authors: Sun Yiping , Song Wei , Zhu Xuan , Zhang Rui , Pang Qiuyi , Zhang Zongrang , Yang Haifeng 
Published: April 2009

AbstractElectrochemically anticorrosive behavior of 4‐methyl‐4H‐1, 2, 4‐triazole‐3‐thiol (MTTL) self‐assembled monolayers (SAMs) on the silver electrode was studied by means of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and polarization measurements. The promising inhibition effect of the MTTL for silver had been affirmed. Results of surface‐enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) experiments indicated that the MTTL molecule in a tilted orientation was self‐assembled on the silver surface through S6 and N2 atoms to form monolayers. An in situ electrochemical SERS experiment implied the changes of adsorption fashion of MTTL momolayers on the silver surface with the potential shifted to more negative direction. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Fibroblast growth factor 18 gives growth and directional cues to airway cartilage
Authors: Elluru Ravindhra G. , Thompson Felisa , Reece Alisa 
Published: April 2009

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:The majority of congenital airway anomalies arise from deficits in the respiratory tract cartilage, emphasizing the importance of this cartilage to the form and function of the upper airway. The primary objective of this study was to characterize molecular mechanisms that regulate rate and direction of chondrocyte growth in the larynx and trachea. Our hypothesis for this study was that fibroblast growth factor 18 (FGF18) provides proliferative and directional cues to the developing laryngeal and tracheal cartilage in the mouse by up‐regulating the cartilage‐specifying gene, Sox9.Study Design:Molecular genetic and histological analyses of gene expression and cartilage growth in a mouse model.Methods:Controlled mating of wild‐type FVB/N (Friend Virus B‐type/NIH mouse) mice and FGF18 overexpressing mice were carried out, and embryos ranging from embryonic (E) day 10.5 to E18.5 were obtained. The respiratory tract, including the larynx, trachea, and lung, was removed through meticulous dissection, and subjected to whole‐mount in situ hybridization with RNA probes, or was sectioned and subjected to immunohistochemistry. Respiratory tracts from FVB/N mice were grown in culture in the presence of exogenous FGF18 or known inhibitors of the FGF pathway, and then subjected to quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction to measure the expression of cartilage‐specific genes.Results:The upper respiratory tract begins as a simple out‐pouching from the ventral foregut endoderm at E10.5. The chondrocytes that form the cartilaginous structures of the upper respiratory tract are located at the junction of the respiratory tract out‐pouching and the ventral foregut endoderm. This population of chondrocytes then undergoes directional proliferation to eventually assume the mature three‐dimensional configuration of the upper respiratory tract cartilaginous framework. Immunohistochemical localization of extracellular signal‐regulated kinases, a known modulator of FGF signaling, demonstrated the presence of this enzyme at the periphery of growing cartilage. Explants of larynx‐trachea‐lung grown in culture with exogenous FGF18 demonstrated hyperplastic growth and directed growth towards the FGF18 source. Finally, both FGF18 overexpressing tracheas and tracheas cultured with exogenous FGF18 demonstrated increased expression of the cartilage‐specifying gene, Sox9.Conclusions:FGF18 provided both directional and proliferative cues to chondrocytes in the developing upper respiratory tract. FGF18 exerted this effect on developing chondrocytes by up‐regulating Sox9 expression. Laryngoscope, 2009
Transoral trans‐stomal microdebrider excision of tracheal papillomatosis
Authors: Thorne Marc C. , Zur Karen B. 
Published: April 2009

AbstractObjectives:To describe a technique for surgical removal of recurrent respiratory papilloma in the distal trachea in patients with an indwelling tracheostomy tube.Methods:A transoral trans‐stomal technique for removal of distal tracheal papilloma using a modified ventilating bronchoscope setup and a microdebrider with a rotatable Skimmer blade (XOMED Products, Jacksonville, Florida, USA).Results:Surgical removal of papillomas in the distal trachea is a challenging procedure, involving potentially competing demands for visualization, instrumentation, and ventilation. Previously described methods for management of these challenging cases provide limited ability to deliver continuous oxygenation and ventilation during the procedure. The transoral trans‐stomal technique overcomes these limitations in patients who have an existing tracheostomy.Conclusions:This technique allows for precise removal of papilloma in the distal trachea, while providing for excellent visualization and continuous oxygenation and ventilation of the patient. Laryngoscope, 2009
Combined approach technique for the management of large salivary stones
Authors: Walvekar Rohan R. , Bomeli Steven R. , Carrau Ricardo L. , Schaitkin Barry 
Published: April 2009

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:To review our experience with the combined approach, which includes an internal (endoscopic) and open approach for the management of large salivary stones.Study design:Retrospective.Methods:Clinical data was reviewed on patients who underwent combined approach for large salivary stones from July 2005 to August 2008 under an institutional review board approved protocol.Results:Of 106 patients who underwent sialendoscopy, 19 patients (18%) had 20 combined procedures. Thirteen patients (68%) were women and six men (32%) with a mean age of 52 years (range, 15–69 years). Operative times were shorter for submandibular stones (mean, 90 minutes) as compared to parotid stones (mean, 133 minutes). Stone removal was successful in 90% (18/20) with no major complications and minor complications in four patients (20%).Conclusions:The combined procedure allows complete removal of large or impacted sialoliths without the need for removal of the entire gland with acceptable complication rates. We also recommend consenting patients for this approach when a difficult endoscopic removal is anticipated. Laryngoscope, 2009
Revision endoscopic sinus surgery in children
Authors: Ramadan Hassan H. 
Published: April 2009

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:Revision endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) in children is uncommon. Causes of failure, however, are not very well delineated. The purpose of this study was to evaluate surgical causes of failure in children after ESS.Study Design:A retrospective review of children who had ESS at a tertiary children's referral center between 1993 and 2005 for chronic rhinosinusitis.Methods:ESS was performed on 243 children. Children with cystic fibrosis, immune deficiency/suppression, and ciliary abnormalities were excluded because the reasons of failure in those children are well known. Data were available on 176 children with at least one year of follow‐up.Results:Twenty‐three (13%) children required revision. The most common finding was adhesions in 57%, followed by maxillary sinus ostium stenosis or missed maxillary sinus ostium in 52% of the cases. In 39% of the cases, there was recurrent disease in the sinuses that were operated on initially. Interestingly, however, we found that in 26% surgery was needed because of disease that was present in nonoperated sinuses during the primary ESS. A deviated septum and a mucocele were the cause of failure in 17% and 13% of the patients, respectively. Presence of asthma and younger age contributed to the failure in some of these children.Conclusions:Adhesions and a scarred, narrow maxillary sinus ostium were the most common cause of failure in children after ESS. Steps taken during surgery may be required to help reduce the need for revision in particular for younger asthmatic children. Laryngoscope, 2009
Traumatic stapes fracture with rotation and subluxation into the vestibule and pneumolabyrinth
Authors: Ederies Ash , Yuen Heng‐Wai , Chen Joseph M. , Aviv Richard I. , Symons Sean P. 
Published: April 2009

AbstractA 41‐year‐old man presented after forceful penetrating ear injury. He had incapacitating vestibular symptoms. Computed tomography revealed pneumolabyrinth with a fractured stapes that was >90° rotated and subluxed into the vestibule, such that the crura and capitulum could be seen in the vestibule. Surgical repair reversed the vestibular symptoms, but there was persistent hearing loss. Stapes fractures are unusual and rarely associated with subluxation into the vestibule. When this does occur, there is usually simple footplate depression. This case demonstrates a rare stapes fracture with pneumolabyrinth and >90 degrees stapes rotation, then subluxation into the vestibule. Laryngoscope, 2009
The enigmatic trigeminal caroticodural fold
Authors: Pensak Myles L. , Kerr Robert G. , Leung Randal , Keller Jeffrey T. 
Published: April 2009

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:We describe our cadaveric dissections and clinical findings that address anterior and ventral limitations imposed by the trigeminal nerve. Particularly, we identify the trigeminal caroticodural fold, the vestment of dura that traverses the space between the nerve and the internal carotid artery. We address the effect of mobilization of this fold to optimize access in Kawase's space when approaching the clivus and posterior fossa.Methods:Histological study and cadaveric dissections were performed to examine this regional anatomy. Our clinical series (2002 to 2007) includes 30 patients who underwent anterior petrosectomy as part of more complex approaches for lesions of the skull base.Results:Histological and dissection specimens showed a dense fibrous confluence lateral to the trigeminal ganglion and portions of the trigeminal nerve that we called the trigeminal caroticodural fold. This fold was prominent in 18 patients, ill‐defined in six, and absent in six patients. Incision of the trigeminal caroticodural fold permitted between 1 mm and 3 mm of additional exposure for drilling in Kawase's space without direct trauma to V3.Conclusions:Our study highlights the existence of a dural tethering of the trigeminal nerve and ganglion relevant to surgical exposure of Kawase's space. The regional dural anatomy that contributes to the trigeminal caroticodural fold is complex with subtle variances. We suggest that identification of this fold and its sharp dissection allows mobilization of the trigeminal ganglion and nerve without violation of V3, and ultimately can improve the transpetrosal access to the upper clivus and posterior fossa via this corridor. Laryngoscope, 2009
Malakoplakia of the frontal and ethmoid sinuses mimicking a mucocele
Authors: Soler Zachary M. , Sauer David , Smith Timothy L. 
Published: April 2009

AbstractMalakoplakia is a rare, chronic inflammatory condition characterized by defective macrophage function. The majority of cases involve the genitourinary tract, but isolated cases have been reported from other organ systems including one prior report involving the maxillary sinus. We present a case of malakoplakia expanding the frontal and ethmoid sinuses mimicking a mucocele at presentation. The diagnosis was made at the time of surgery based on the histopathologic finding of von Hasemann cells and Michaelis‐Guttmann bodies. Sinus‐specific clinical aspects will be discussed including diagnostic and treatment considerations. Laryngoscope, 2009
T‐cell lymphoproliferative disorder following mycophenolate treatment for myasthenia gravis
Authors: Dubal Dena B. , Mueller Sabine , Ruben Beth S. , Engstrom John W. , Josephson S. Andrew 
Published: April 2009

AbstractImmunosuppressive therapies are critical in the management of numerous conditions including myasthenia gravis. Mycophenolate mofetil is a widely used, oral immunosuppressive agent that is considered to have few adverse effects compared with similar drugs. We report the case of a patient who developed T‐cell lymphoproliferative lesions following long‐term treatment with mycophenolate mofetil and prednisone for myasthenia gravis. The lesions resolved following cessation of the treatment. This case highlights a serious complication of a commonly used drug. Muscle Nerve, 2009
Appointments to boards and committees via lottery, a pathway to fairness and diversity
Authors: Carson Lyn , Lubensky Ron 
Published: April 2009

Abstract
Public appointments for committees or boards can be controversial due to cronyism or pandering to demands of noisy or powerful interest groups. One relatively unexplored method for selecting committee or board members is random selection which has advantages beyond interrupting cronyism. This paper canvasses the strengths and weaknesses of an unusual selection method and makes a case for the use of a lottery as a robust process that will lend legitimacy and credibility to committee or board governance.
Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Quantitative signal detection using spontaneous ADR reporting
Authors: Bate A. , Evans S. J. W. 
Published: April 2009

AbstractQuantitative methods are increasingly used to analyse spontaneous reports. We describe the core concepts behind the most common methods, the proportional reporting ratio (PRR), reporting odds ratio (ROR), information component (IC) and empirical Bayes geometric mean (EBGM). We discuss the role of Bayesian shrinkage in screening spontaneous reports, the importance of changes over time in screening the properties of the measures. Additionally we discuss three major areas of controversy and ongoing research: stratification, method evaluation and implementation. Finally we give some suggestions as to where emerging research is likely to lead. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Drug‐induced torsades de pointes: data mining of the public version of the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (AERS)
Authors: Poluzzi Elisabetta , Raschi Emanuel , Moretti Ugo , De Ponti Fabrizio 
Published: April 2009

AbstractAimsTo investigate spontaneous reports of TdP present in the public version of the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (AERS) in the light of what is already known on their TdP‐liability.MethodsReports of TdP from January 2004 through December 2007 were retrieved from the public version of the AERS database. All reports were selected from REACTION files and the relevant suspected and/or interacting drugs were identified from DRUG files. Qualitative analysis was performed by the case/non‐case method. Cases were represented by TdP reports, whereas non‐cases were all reports of adverse drug reactions other than TdP. Quantitative analysis was assessed by calculating the crude and adjusted reporting odds ratio (ROR), as a measure of disproportionality, with the 95% confidence interval.ResultsReports of TdP were 1665 over a 4‐year period, involving 376 active substances. Thirty‐five drugs with at least 10 reports were identified: amiodarone and methadone were associated with the highest number of cases (113 and 83 respectively) and most of the other reports were ascribable to antibacterials, antidepressants and antipsychotics; remarkable differences in number of cases and ROR were present among agents within each therapeutic class. A disproportionate reporting was also observed for other compounds such as donepezil, famotidine and mitoxantrone.ConclusionsLarge spontaneous reporting databases represent an important source for signal detection of rare adverse drug reactions (ADR), such as TdP. The number of reports associated to donepezil, famotidine and mitoxantrone could be considered unexpected on the basis of current evidence and needs further investigations on their true TdP‐liability. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Characterization of molecular markers indicative of cervical cancer progression
Authors: Arnouk Hilal , Merkley Mark A. , Podolsky Robert H. , Stöppler Hubert , Santos Carlos , Álvarez Manuel , Mariategui Julio , Ferris Daron , Lee Jeffrey R. , Dynan William S. 
Published: April 2009

AbstractCervical cancer originates with human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and progresses via histologically defined premalignant stages. Here we compare normal cervical epithelium and patient‐matched high‐grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL) with cervical carcinoma tissue from the same patient population (n = 10 per group). Specimens were analyzed by combined laser capture microdissection and 2‐D DIGE. Significant expression changes were seen with 53 spots resulting in identification of 23 unique proteins at the molecular level. These include eight that uniquely distinguish normal epithelium and HSIL and four that uniquely distinguish HSIL and carcinoma. In addition, one protein, cornulin, distinguishes all three states. Other identified proteins included differentiation markers, oncogene DJ‐1, serpins, stress and interferon‐responsive proteins, detoxifying enzymes, and serum transporters. A literature review, performed for all identified proteins, allowed most changes to be assigned to one of three causes: direct or indirect HPV oncoprotein interactions, growth selection during latency, or interactions in the lesion microenvironment. Selected findings were confirmed by immunohistochemistry using either frozen sections from the same cohort or formalin fixed paraffin embedded samples from a tissue microarray. Novel markers described here have potential applications for increasing the predictive value of current screening methods.