bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of Human Papillomavirus Types in High-Grade Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia and Cancer in Italy
Authors: Carozzi Francesca M. , Tornesello Maria L. , Burroni Elena , Loquercio Giovanna , Carillo Giuseppe , Angeloni Claudio , Scalisi Aurora , Macis Rosalba , Chini Francesco , Buonaguro Franco M. , Giorgi Rossi Paolo ,   for the HPV Prevalence Italian Working Group
Published: September 2010

Abstract
Background: The aim of this multicentric study was to identify human papillomavirus (HPV) type distribution in invasive cervical cancer and high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia 2/3 (CIN2/3) in Italy.
Methods: Cases were sampled through the electronic databases at the pathology units of eight centers in six regions from central and southern Italy. HPV types were detected from paraffin-embedded tissue samples and cervical specimens through amplification of HPV DNA with GP5+/GP6+ primers, followed by genotyping with reverse line blot (RLB). Untyped HPV-positive samples were sequenced. HPV-negative samples underwent nested PCR, followed by either RLB or sequencing. Finally, the remaining HPV-negative samples were amplified with primers targeting the virus E6 to E7 regions.
Results: From 1,162 cases initially selected, 722 samples were further analyzed: 144 CIN2, 385 CIN3, 157 invasive squamous carcinomas, and 36 adenocarcinomas. Samples (6.9%) were HPV negative. The proportion of HPV16/18 was 60.8%, 76.6%, and 78.8% in CIN2, CIN3, and invasive cancers, respectively (P trend = 0.004). There was a significant decreasing trend of HPV16/18 with age in invasive cancers, going from 92% in women &lt;35 years to 73% in women &gt;55 years (P = 0.036). The proportion of coinfections was 16.8%, 15.5%, and 10.0% in CIN2, CIN3, and invasive cancers, respectively (P trend = 0.07).
Conclusions: The proportion of invasive cancers caused by HPV16/18 decreases with age at diagnosis.
Impact: The absolute risk of an invasive cancer due to non-HPV16/18 in women under 35 is extremely low. This finding might prompt us to rise the age at which public HPV screening for vaccinated women should start. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 19(9); 2389–400. ©2010 AACR.
Missense Variants in ATM in 26,101 Breast Cancer Cases and 29,842 Controls
Authors: Fletcher Olivia , Johnson Nichola , dos Santos Silva Isabel , Orr Nick , Ashworth Alan , Nevanlinna Heli , Heikkinen Tuomas , Aittomäki Kristiina , Blomqvist Carl , Burwinkel Barbara , Bartram Claus R. , Meindl Alfons , Schmutzler Rita K. , Cox Angela , Brock Ian , Elliott Graeme , Reed Malcolm W.R. , Southey Melissa C. , Smith Letitia , Spurdle Amanda B. , Hopper John L. , Couch Fergus J. , Olson Janet E. , Wang Xianshu , Fredericksen Zachary , Schürmann Peter , Waltes Regina , Bremer Michael , Dörk Thilo , Devilee Peter , van Asperen Christie J. , Tollenaar Rob A.E.M. , Seynaeve Caroline , Hall Per , Czene Kamila , Humphreys Keith , Liu Jianjun , Ahmed Shahana , Dunning Alison M. , Maranian Melanie , Pharoah Paul D.P. , Chenevix-Trench Georgia , Beesley Jonathan , Bogdanova Natalia V. , Antonenkova Natalia N. , Zalutsky Iosif V. , Anton-Culver Hoda , Ziogas Argyrios , Brauch Hiltrud , Ko Yon-Dschun , Hamann Ute , Fasching Peter A. , Strick Reiner , Ekici Arif B. , Beckmann Matthias W. , Giles Graham G. , Severi Gianluca , Baglietto Laura , English Dallas R. , Milne Roger L. , Benítez Javier , Arias José Ignacio , Pita Guillermo , Nordestgaard Børge G. , Bojesen Stig E. , Flyger Henrik , Kang Daehee , Yoo Keun-Young , Noh Dong Young , Mannermaa Arto , Kataja Vesa , Kosma Veli-Matti , García-Closas Montserrat , Chanock Stephen , Lissowska Jolanta , Brinton Louise A. , Chang-Claude Jenny , Wang-Gohrke Shan , Broeks Annegien , Schmidt Marjanka K. , van Leeuwen Flora E. , Van't Veer Laura J. , Margolin Sara , Lindblom Annika , Humphreys Manjeet K. , Morrison Jonathan , Platte Radka , Easton Douglas F. , Peto Julian 
Published: September 2010

Abstract
Background: Truncating mutations in ATM have been shown to increase the risk of breast cancer but the effect of missense variants remains contentious.
Methods: We have genotyped five polymorphic (minor allele frequency, 0.9-2.6%) missense single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in ATM (S49C, S707P, F858L, P1054R, and L1420F) in 26,101 breast cancer cases and 29,842 controls from 23 studies in the Breast Cancer Association Consortium.
Results: Combining the data from all five SNPs, the odds ratio (OR) was 1.05 for being a heterozygote for any of the SNPs and 1.51 for being a rare homozygote for any of the SNPs with an overall trend OR of 1.06 (Ptrend = 0.04). The trend OR among bilateral and familial cases was 1.12 (95% confidence interval, 1.02-1.23; Ptrend = 0.02).
Conclusions: In this large combined analysis, these five missense ATM SNPs were associated with a small increased risk of breast cancer, explaining an estimated 0.03% of the excess familial risk of breast cancer.
Impact: Testing the combined effects of rare missense variants in known breast cancer genes in large collaborative studies should clarify their overall contribution to breast cancer susceptibility. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 19(9); 2143–51. ©2010 AACR.
Genetic Polymorphisms in Adaptive Immunity Genes and Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
Authors: Chang Jeffrey S. , Wiemels Joseph L. , Chokkalingam Anand P. , Metayer Catherine , Barcellos Lisa F. , Hansen Helen M. , Aldrich Melinda C. , Guha Neela , Urayama Kevin Y. , Scélo Ghislaine , Green Janet , May Suzanne L. , Kiley Vincent A. , Wiencke John K. , Buffler Patricia A. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractBackground: Childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) has been hypothesized to have an infection- and immune-related etiology. The lack of immune priming in early childhood may result in abnormal immune responses to infections later in life and increase ALL risk.Methods: The current analyses examined the association between childhood ALL and 208 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) of 29 adaptive immune function genes among 377 ALL cases and 448 healthy controls. Single SNPs were analyzed with a log-additive approach using logistic regression models adjusted for sex, age, Hispanic ethnicity, and race. Sliding window haplotype analyses were done with haplotypes consisting of 2 to 6 SNPs.Results: Of the 208 SNPs, only rs583911 of IL12A, which encodes a critical modulator of T-cell development, remained significant after accounting for multiple testing (odds ratio for each copy of the variant G allele, 1.52; 95% confidence interval, 1.25-1.85; P = 2.9 × 10−5). This increased risk was stronger among firstborn children of all ethnicities and among non-Hispanic children with less day care attendance, consistent with the hypothesis about the role of early immune modulation in the development of childhood ALL. Haplotype analyses identified additional regions of CD28, FCGR2, GATA3, IL2RA, STAT4, and STAT6 associated with childhood ALL.Conclusion: Polymorphisms of genes on the adaptive immunity pathway are associated with childhood ALL risk.Impact: Results of this study support an immune-related etiology of childhood ALL. Further confirmation is required to detect functional variants in the significant genomic regions identified in this study, in particular for IL12A. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 19(9); 2152–63. ©2010 AACR.
Serum IGF-I, IGF-II, IGFBP-3, and IGF-I/IGFBP-3 Molar Ratio and Risk of Pancreatic Cancer in the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian Cancer Screening Trial
Authors: Douglas Jason B. , Silverman Debra T. , Pollak Michael N. , Tao Yuzhen , Soliman Amr S. , Stolzenberg-Solomon Rachael Z. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractBackground: Experimental evidence suggests that an overexpression of insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I is implicated in human pancreatic tumors. Increased IGF-II and decreased IGF binding protein (IGFBP)-3 serum concentrations have been linked to a number of other cancers.Methods: We conducted a nested case-control study in the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian Cancer Screening Trial cohort of men and women 55 to 74 years of age at baseline to test whether prediagnostic circulating IGF-I, IGF-II, IGFBP-3, and IGF-I/IGFBP-3 molar ratio concentrations were associated with exocrine pancreatic cancer risk. Between 1994 and 2006, 187 incident cases of pancreatic adenocarcinoma occurred (follow-up of up to 11.7 years). Two controls (n = 374), who were alive at the time the case was diagnosed, were selected for each case and matched by age, race, sex, and date of blood draw. We calculated odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) with the use of conditional logistic regression, adjusting for smoking.Results: IGF-I, IGF-II, and IGFBP-3 concentrations were not significantly associated with pancreatic cancer (highest compared with lowest quartile: OR, 1.58; 95% CI, 0.91-2.76; and P-trend = 0.25; OR, 0.86; 95% CI, 0.49-1.50; and P-trend = 0.31; and OR, 0.88; 95% CI, 0.51-1.51; and P-trend = 0.47, respectively). However, a significant positive trend was observed with high IGF-I/IGFBP-3 molar ratio levels (highest compared with lowest quartile: OR, 1.54; 95% CI, 0.89-2.66; P-trend = 0.04).Conclusion: A higher IGF-I/IGFBP-3 molar ratio represents increased free IGF-I, which may be a risk factor for pancreatic cancer.Impact: Our results highlight the importance of this biomarker for further investigation in large prospective cohort studies and pooled analysis with other prospective cohorts. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 19(9); 2298–306. ©2010 AACR.
Selenium and Bladder Cancer Risk: a Meta-analysis
Authors: Amaral André F.S. , Cantor Kenneth P. , Silverman Debra T. , Malats Núria 
Published: September 2010

AbstractBackground: Selenium is considered to be an antioxidant, and its high levels have been inversely associated with cancer risk of several sites. This meta-analysis examined the relationship between levels of selenium measured in serum and toenails, and the risk of bladder cancer.Methods: A meta-analysis using data from seven published epidemiologic studies (three case-control, three nested case-control, one case-cohort) published before March 2010 was done to examine the association between levels of selenium and bladder cancer. Fixed and random effects analyses were done to calculate meta-odds ratio (mOR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Heterogeneity among studies was measured by the I2 statistic.Results: Overall, the risk of bladder cancer was inversely associated with elevated levels of selenium according to a random-effects model (mOR = 0.61; 95% CI, 0.42-0.87). The mORs were 0.95 (95% CI, 0.69-1.27) and 0.55 (95% CI, 0.32-0.95) among men and women, respectively. Sex, type of sample specimen, smoking status, and study design were found to be potential sources of heterogeneity.Conclusions: A significant protective effect of selenium, observed mainly among women, may result from gender-specific differences in its accumulation and excretion. The heterogeneity found among studies was mainly linked to the different biological sample specimens used to measure the selenium concentrations and the small size of the studies. Although these results suggest a protective effect of selenium for bladder cancer risk, additional large studies are warranted to support these preliminary evidence.Impact: The present results suggest a beneficial effect of high selenium intake for bladder cancer risk. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 19(9); 2407–15. ©2010 AACR.
“Contextual” Synthetic Lethality and/or Loss of Heterozygosity: Tumor Hypoxia and Modification of DNA Repair
Authors: Chan Norman , Bristow Robert G. 
Published: September 2010

Abstract
Hypoxia exists in every solid tumor and is associated with poor prognosis because of both local and systemic therapeutic resistance. Recent studies have focused on the interaction between tumor cell genetics and the dynamic state of oxygenation and metabolism. Hypoxia generates aggressive tumor cell phenotypes in part owing to ongoing genetic instability and a “mutator” phenotype. The latter may be due to suppression of DNA mismatch repair (MMR), nucleotide excision repair (NER), and double-strand break (DSB) repair. We propose a theoretical model in which hypoxia-mediated defects in DNA repair can lead to “contextual loss of heterozygosity” and drive oncogenesis. Additionally, hypoxia-mediated repair defects can be specifically targeted by DNA damaging agents and/or “contextual synthetic lethality” to kill repair-deficient cells and preserve the therapeutic ratio. These proposed concepts support the interrogation of solid tumors to document repair defects in both oxic and hypoxic tumor subregions as a conduit to novel clinical trials within the context of personalized medicine. Clin Cancer Res; 16(18); 4553–60. ©2010 AACR.
Multicenter Cluster-Randomized Trial of a Multifactorial Intervention to Improve Antihypertensive Medication Adherence and Blood Pressure Control Among Patients at High Cardiovascular Risk (The COM99 Study)
Authors: Pladevall Manel , Brotons Carlos , Gabriel Rafael , Arnau Anna , Suarez Carmen , de la Figuera Mariano , Marquez Emilio , Coca Antonio , Sobrino Javier , Divine George , Heisler Michele , Williams L. Keoki ,   Writing Committee on behalf of the COM99 Study Group*
Published: September 2010

Background—
Medication nonadherence is common and results in preventable disease complications. This study assessed the effectiveness of a multifactorial intervention to improve both medication adherence and blood pressure control and to reduce cardiovascular events.

Methods and Results—
In this multicenter, cluster-randomized trial, physicians from hospital-based hypertension clinics and primary care centers across Spain were randomized to receive and provide the intervention to their high-risk patients. Eligible patients were ≥50 years of age, had uncontrolled hypertension, and had an estimated 10-year cardiovascular risk greater than 30%. Physicians randomized to the intervention group counted patients' pills, designated a family member to support adherence behavior, and provided educational information to patients. The primary outcome was blood pressure control at 6 months. Secondary outcomes included both medication adherence and a composite end point of all-cause mortality and cardiovascular-related hospitalizations. Seventy-nine physicians and 877 patients participated in the trial. The mean duration of follow-up was 39 months. Intervention patients were less likely to have an uncontrolled systolic blood pressure (odds ratio 0.62, 95% confidence interval 0.50 to 0.78) and were more likely to be adherent (odds ratio 1.91, 95% confidence interval 1.19 to 3.05) than control group patients at 6 months. After 5 years, 16% of the patients in the intervention group and 19% in the control group met the composite end point (hazard ratio 0.97, 95% confidence interval 0.67 to 1.39).

Conclusions—
A multifactorial intervention to improve adherence to antihypertensive medication was effective in improving both adherence and blood pressure control, but it did not appear to improve long-term cardiovascular events.

Clinical Trial Registration—

URL:
http://www.controlled-trials.com
. Unique identifier: ISRCTN35208258.
Culture and Disability: Advancing Comparative Research
Authors: Meyer Heinz-Dieter 
Published: September 2010

AbstractCultures differ greatly as to which specific conditions they recognize as a disability, how they interpret matters of causation and consequence, and which kinds of remedy they believe adequate. The papers in this special issue of Comparative Sociology explore the institutional and cultural variation of disability as well as the underlying causes, including a culture’s degree of individualism / collectivism.
Randomized, double-blind trial of fluconazole versus voriconazole for prevention of invasive fungal infection after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation
Authors: Wingard John R. , Carter Shelly L. , Walsh Thomas J. , Kurtzberg Joanne , Small Trudy N. , Baden Lindsey R. , Gersten Iris D. , Mendizabal Adam M. , Leather Helen L. , Confer Dennis L. , Maziarz Richard T. , Stadtmauer Edward A. , Bolaños-Meade Javier , Brown Janice , DiPersio John F. , Boeckh Michael , Marr Kieren A. ,   for The Blood and Marrow Transplant Clinical Trials Network
Published: September 2010

Abstract
Invasive fungal infection (IFI) is a serious threat after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplant (HCT). This multicenter, randomized, double-blind trial compared fluconazole (N = 295) versus voriconazole (N = 305) for the prevention of IFI in the context of a structured fungal screening program. Patients undergoing myeloablative allogeneic HCT were randomized before HCT to receive study drugs for 100 days, or for 180 days in higher-risk patients. Serum galactomannan was assayed twice weekly for 60 days, then at least weekly until day 100. Positive galactomannan or suggestive signs triggered mandatory evaluation for IFI. The primary endpoint was freedom from IFI or death (fungal-free survival; FFS) at 180 days. Despite trends to fewer IFIs (7.3% vs 11.2%; P = .12), Aspergillus infections (9 vs 17; P = .09), and less frequent empiric antifungal therapy (24.1% vs 30.2%, P = .11) with voriconazole, FFS rates (75% vs 78%; P = .49) at 180 days were similar with fluconazole and voriconazole, respectively. Relapse-free and overall survival and the incidence of severe adverse events were also similar. This study demonstrates that in the context of intensive monitoring and structured empiric antifungal therapy, 6-month FFS and overall survival did not differ in allogeneic HCT recipients given prophylactic fluconazole or voriconazole. This trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00075803.
Fabrication of Transition Metal Oxide Nanoparticles Highly Dispersed in Ionic Liquids by Sputter Deposition
Authors: Suzuki Toshimasa , Suzuki Shushi , Tomita Yousuke , Okazaki Ken-ichi , Shibayama Tamaki , Kuwabata Susumu , Torimoto Tsukasa 
Published: September 2010

Abstract
Sputter deposition of transition metals W, Mo, Nb, and Ti into ionic liquids (ILs) produced corresponding metal oxide nanoparticles (NPs) smaller than 6 nm. The NPs were obtained in a highly dispersed manner without any additional stabilizing agent in ILs.
Stimuli-responsive Inclusion Complex of Boronic Acid-modified Amylose for Colorimetric Detection of Polyhydroxy Compounds
Authors: Tsuchiya Masayuki , Kanekiyo Yasumasa 
Published: September 2010

Abstract
A new stimuli-responsive supramolecular system has been established based on the inclusion complex of boronic acid-modified amylose with iodine. When iodine was mixed with the boronic acid-modified amylose in water, it encapsulated iodine within the helical cavity of amylose. The encapsulated iodine was dissociated from the amylose cavity by the addition of polyhydroxy compounds, and the process could be conveniently monitored by distinct color changes.
Photocatalytic Activity of Ni-loaded TiO2 Nanoparticles Precisely Controlled in Size and Shape
Authors: Kimijima Takeshi , Sasaki Takafumi , Nakaya Masafumi , Kanie Kiyoshi , Muramatsu Atsushi 
Published: September 2010

Abstract
Photocatalytic activity of anatase-type TiO2 nanoparticles with different shape, prepared by gel–sol method, was evaluated. Particle morphology, that is, the main surface crystal plane was found critically decisive for the photocatalytic activity for H2 evolution from aqueous ethanol. Namely, the activity of cubic particles bound by {100} and {001} faces, estimated from high-resolution TEM images, showed highest activity among one tested.
Freezing Behavior of a Water Droplet on a Rough Hydrophobic Surface Coated with a Short-chained Fluoroalkylsilane
Authors: Furuta Tsutomu , Sakai Munetoshi , Isobe Toshihiro , Nakajima Akira 
Published: September 2010

Abstract
A highly hydrophobic surface with nanoscale roughness was prepared by coating with a short-chained fluoroalkylsilane. The freezing behavior of a water droplet on the surface was then investigated. Freezing initiated in the vicinity of the three-phase contact line, producing a sharpened onion-like top on the droplet. The result of the freezing ratio at each time and the volume ratio at each height demonstrates the possibility that freezing advanced linearly in a vertical direction.
Nosocomial blood-stream infections from extended-spectrum-beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumonia from GB Pant Hospital, New Delhi
Authors: Taneja Juhi , Mishra Bibhabati , Thakur Archana , Dogra Vinita , Loomba Poonam 
Published: September 2010

Background: Nosocomial septicemia due to extended spectrum beta-(β)-lactamase (ESBL) producing Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli are a therapeutic challenge due to resistance. Knowledge of disease burden and resistance patterns is required for proper and timely management. We report the prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility of ESBL producing E. coli and K .pneumoniae from septicemia at a tertiary care hospital. Methodology: A total of 2,870 blood samples of suspected cases of septicemia were studied between January and December 2009. Antimicrobial susceptibility was determined by Kirby Bauer's disc diffusion method and MICs for imipenem, meropenem, and ertapenem were determined using the E-test. All isolates of E. coli and K. pneumoniae were tested for ESBL production by E-test method. Results: Forty-one (70.7%) K. pneumoniae isolates and ten (41.7%) E. coli isolates were ESBL producers. Two (5%) of ESBL producing K. pneumoniae isolates, but no E. coli isolates, were resistant to carbapenems. In vitro, all ESBL producers were sensitive to tigecycline. Conclusion: Our data indicated that the prevalence of ESBL-producing E. coli and K. pneumonia strains isolated from blood cultures from hospitalized patients is high. ESBL-producing organisms were found to be more susceptible to meropenem than to imipenem and ertapenem. Tigecycline is active against all the ESBL or multidrug resistant (MDR) E. coli and Klebsiella spp. isolates.
Plasmid profile and drug resistance pattern of zoonotic Salmonella isolates from Indian buffaloes
Authors: Singh Bhoj Raj , Agarwal Meenu , Chandra Mudit , Verma Meena , Sharma Gautam , Verma Jagdish Chandra , Singh Vijay Pratap 
Published: September 2010

Background: Buffalo is the major source of animal protein in south-east Asia, including India; therefore, the presence of multiple drug resistance in Salmonella strains of buffalo meat and milk products is of immense public health concern. Methodology: Forty-six strains of Salmonella enterica subspecies enterica belonging to eight serovars (S. Anatum, 13; S. Weltevreden, 13; S. Rostock, 6; S. Typhimurium, 5; S. Gallinarum, 5; S. Stockholm, 1; S. Dublin, 1; and S. Orion, 2), isolated from buffalo meat and diseased buffaloes were studied for their antibiotic sensitivity and plasmid profile. Results: All except six strains of Salmonella had one or more plasmids. Virulence plasmid of ~35MdA was present in 39 isolates while 19 strains had one to six additional plasmids with molecular weight ranging from 1 Mda > 35 Mda. A plasmid-free S. Anatum strain was resistant to seven drugs including fluoroquinolones, while strains having six to seven plasmids were resistant to fewer antimicrobial drugs. One S. Anatum isolate, resistant to 11 antibiotics, had only one plasmid. Eight serovars of Salmonella could be divided into 28 resistotypes on the basis of antimicrobial sensitivity assay. Most strains were resistant to streptomycin (84.8%) followed by kanamycin (58.7%), gentamicin (52.2%), ampicillin (50%) and oxytetracycline (50%). Few strains were resistant to cefotaxime (2.2%), amoxycillin (2.2%) and newer fluoroquinolones (6.5%). Conclusion: Multiple drug resistance was common among Salmonella isolates of buffalo origin, particularly against aminoglycosides, oxytetracycin, ampicillin and cephalexin. Presence of plasmids is not mandatory for occurrence of multiple drug resistance in S. enterica strains.