bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Potential drug–drug interactions analysis in Polish pediatric pneumonology units, including cystic fibrosis patients
Authors: Adamiszak Arkadiusz , Drobińska Julia , Wojsyk‐Banaszak Irena , Grześkowiak Edmund , Bienert Agnieszka 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe lack of data on drug–drug interactions in pediatrics represents a relevant problem in making appropriate therapeutic decisions. Our study aimed to investigate the incidence and risk factors for potential drug–drug interactions (pDDIs) in pediatric pneumonology units, including cystic fibrosis patients. We performed a 6‐month prospective observational study during which clinical pharmacists, using the Lexicomp Drug Interactions checker, screened medical records to identify pDDIs. Spearman's rank coefficient, logistic regression, and the Mann–Whitney U test were used to identify correlations, analyze risk factors for pDDIs, and compare cystic fibrosis patients with the rest, respectively. Recommendations were provided for the D and X pDDIs categories. Within the 218 patients, 428 pDDIs were identified, out of which 237 were classified as clinically significant. Almost 60% of patients were exposed to at least one relevant interaction. The number of pDDIs correlated with the number of; drugs (rs = 0.53, P < .001), hospitalization length (rs = 0.20, P < .01), and off‐label medicines (rs = 0.25, P < .001). According to the multivariate analysis, at least 6 administered medications (OR = 4.15; 95% CI = 2.21‐7.78), 4 days of hospitalization (OR = 6.41; 95% CI = 2.29‐17.97), and off‐label therapy (OR = 3.37; 95% CI = 1.69‐6.70) were the risk factor for pDDIs. Despite significant differences in the number of medications taken, comorbidities, and off‐label drugs, cystic fibrosis patients were not more exposed to pDDI. Given the lack of data on pDDIs in the pediatric population, the need for close cooperation between clinicians and clinical pharmacists to improve the safety and efficacy of pharmacotherapy is highlighted.
Osseous metaplasia of the endometrium—pre‐ and post‐hysteroscopy imaging findings in a hemiuterus: A case report
Authors: Borthakur Kakoly 
Published: June 2024

AbstractEndometrial osseous metaplasia (EOM) is a rare condition characterized by abnormal bone formation in the endometrium. This acts as a foreign body in the uterus. The commonest clinical presentation is secondary infertility. Transvaginal ultrasonography is the mainstay of first‐line diagnosis. Hysteroscopy confirms the diagnosis and aids in complete removal. Diagnosis of this condition is crucial as post‐treatment fertility outcomes are good. This case highlights the importance of three‐dimensional ultrasonography before infertility treatment and after hysteroscopic removal of osseous metaplasia to look for reactive endometrial polyps which may interfere with the embryo implantation and spontaneous conception altering the post‐surgical fertility outcome.
The Association Between Medicaid Expansion and Disparities in Vestibular Schwannoma Incidence
Authors: Homer Alexander S. , Kasthuri Viknesh S. , Homer Benjamin J. , Jain Rishubh , Gall Emily K. , Noonan Kathryn Y. 
Published: June 2024

ObjectivesThe effect of Medicaid expansion as a part of the Affordable Care Act on vestibular schwannoma (VS) incidence overall and in marginalized populations has not yet been elucidated. The goal of this study was to determine if Medicaid expansion was associated with increases in VS incidence overall, as well as in patients of non‐white race or in counties of low socioeconomic status (SES).MethodsWe performed a difference‐in‐difference (DiD) analysis from January 1st 2010–December 31st 2017 utilizing the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. Our DiD method compared the change in VS rate between counties that did and did not expand Medicaid among patients of white and non‐white race, in low and high SES counties, before and after expansion.ResultsThe study included 17,312 cases across 1020 counties. Medicaid expansion was associated with a 15% increase (incidence rate ratio 95% CI: [11%, 19]) in VS incidence. White populations saw a 10% increase (CI: [1.06, 1.19]), Black populations saw a 20% increase (CI: [1.10, 1.29]), and patients of other races saw a 44% increase in incidence associated with expansion (CI: [1.21, 1.70]). Low SES counties saw an increase in incidence 1.12 times higher than that of high SES counties (CI:[1.04, 1.20]).ConclusionMedicaid expansion was associated with increases in VS incidence across populations. Furthermore, this increase was more evident in disadvantaged populations, such as patients of non‐white race and those from low SES counties. These findings emphasize the impact of Medicaid expansion on healthcare utilization for VS diagnosis.Level of Evidence3—Retrospective Cohort Study Laryngoscope, 134:4383–4388, 2024
Sediment transportation by strong winds over Gobi surfaces: Field observations along the Lanzhou–Xinjiang high‐speed railway
Authors: Wang Tao , Liu Benli , Niu Qinghe , Tan Lihai , Qu Jianjun , Niu Baicheng , Yin Daiying 
Published: June 2024

AbstractUnder strong wind action over vast Gobi surfaces, eolian transportation can cause significant environmental problems and infrastructural damage. However, scientific understanding of the underlying mechanisms and dynamics of this process in the Gobi region remains limited. To address this gap, our study focused on investigating eolian transportation over the Gobi surface along the Lanzhou–Xinjiang high‐speed railway (LXHSR) in Northwest China, where strong winds are prevalent. The results indicate that sand transportation heights can reach 9 m in this region, with the saltation layer approximately 3–6 times higher than that of other gravel deserts. The sediment flux density over the Gobi surface exhibited an exponential decrease with increasing elevation; however, the grain‐size vertical profile in wind‐blown sand displayed an increase up to a critical altitude, followed by a decrease with height. The annual eolian transported quantity recorded in this region exceeds that of most deserts worldwide. Notably, fine sand and total suspended particulates (TSP) contributed to approximately 90% of the sediment deposited on railway tracks and drawn in by passing trains. To control transportation of these fine particles, we propose increasing the height of sand‐blocking fences within the current railway wind‐blown sand protection system from 2 to 3 m. Simultaneously, anthropogenic damage to the Gobi surface should be minimized to reduce excessive dust release. This study provides insight into the wind‐blown sand movement mechanism over the Gobi surface under strong winds, and the eolian physics parameters revealed may serve as a theoretical foundation for preventing and managing eolian catastrophes along the Lanzhou–Xinjiang high‐speed railway.
On orbits of automorphism groups on horospherical varieties
Authors: Borovik Viktoriia , Gaifullin Sergey , Shafarevich Anton 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIn this paper, we describe orbits of the automorphism group on an affine horospherical variety in terms of degrees of homogeneous with respect to natural grading locally nilpotent derivations. In case of (possibly nonnormal) toric varieties, a description of orbits of the automorphism group in terms of corresponding weight monoid is obtained.
Merging σ‐Bond Metathesis with Polymerization Catalysis: Insights into Rare‐Earth Metal Complexes, End‐Group Functionalization, and Application Prospects
Authors: Adams Friederike 
Published: June 2024

AbstractPolymers with well‐defined structures, synthesized through metal‐catalyzed processes, and having end groups exhibiting different polarity and reactivity than the backbone, are gaining considerable attention in both scientific and industrial communities. These polymers show potential applications as fundamental building blocks and additives in the creation of innovative functional materials. Investigations are directed toward identifying the most optimal and uncomplicated synthetic approach by employing a combination of living coordination polymerization mediated by rare‐earth metal complexes and C–H bond activation reaction by σ‐bond metathesis. This combination directly yields catalysts with diverse functional groups from a single precursor, enabling the production of terminal‐functionalized polymers without the need for sequential reactions, such as termination reactions. The utilization of this innovative methodology allows for precise control over end‐group functionalities, providing a versatile approach to tailor the properties and applications of the resulting polymers. This perspective discusses the principles, challenges, and potential advancements associated with this synthetic strategy, highlighting its significance in advancing the interface of metalorganic chemistry, polymer chemistry, and materials science.
Stable and Durable Superhydrophobic Cotton Fabrics Prepared via a Simple 1,4‐Conjugate Addition Reaction for Ultrahigh Efficient Oil–Water Separation
Authors: Wu Wanze , Miao Shiwei , Gong Xiao 
Published: June 2024

AbstractSuperhydrophobic materials used for oil–water separation have received wide attention. However, the simple and low‐cost strategy for making durable superhydrophobic materials remains a major challenge. Here, this work reports that stable and durable superhydrophobic cotton fabrics can be prepared using a simple two‐step impregnation process. Silica nanoparticles are surface modified by hydrolysis condensation of 3‐aminopropyltrimethoxysilane (APTMS). 1,4‐conjugate addition reaction between the acrylic group of cross‐linking agent pentaerythritol triacrylate (PETA) and the amino group of octadecylamine (ODA) forms a covalent cross‐linked rough network structure. The long hydrophobic chain of ODA makes the cotton fabric exhibit excellent superhydrophobic properties, and the water contact angle (WCA) of the fabric surface reaches 158°. The modified cotton fabric has good physical and chemical stability, self‐cleaning, and anti‐fouling. At the same time, the modified fabric shows excellent oil/water separation efficiency (98.16% after 20 cycles) and ultrahigh separation flux (15413.63 L m−2 h−1) due to its superhydrophobicity, superoleophilicity, and inherent porous structure. The method provides a broad prospect in the future diversification applications of oil/water separation and oil spill cleaning.
Increased prevalence of metabolic syndrome in female patients with overactive bladder: A population‐based study
Authors: Anis Omer , Cohen Arnon Dov , Aharony Shachar , Kitrey Noam D. , Dotan Idit , Shenhar Chen , Comaneshter Doron , Beckenstein Tanya , Yaron Shlomit 
Published: June 2024

AbstractObjectivesTo assess the association between overactive bladder syndrome (OAB) and the metabolic syndrome (MetS).Patients and MethodsA population‐based study was conducted to compare OAB patients with age‐, sex‐ and ethnicity‐matched control subjects regarding the prevalence of the parameters of the MetS, with respect to obesity, hyperlipidemia, hypertension and diabetes mellitus. The characteristics of the OAB population were assessed. Adjusted odds ratios (OR) were calculated by logistic regression.Results110 024 OAB patients and 220 455 controls. were identified. OAB was associated with a higher prevalence of MetS (35.4% vs. 27.5%, p < 0.001). The fully adjusted OR for MetS in patients with OAB compared to controls was 1.44; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.42−1.46; p < 0.001. Among metabolic parameters, obesity was found to be the strongest factor associated with OAB (OR 1.55, 95% CI 1.53−1.58, p < 0.001), and higher high‐density lipoprotein cholesterole levels (>50) had a protective effect on the risk of OAB (OR 0.75, 95% CI 0.73−0.76, p < 0.001).ConclusionsData from this cohort suggest that OAB is positively associated with MetS. Clinicians approaching patients with OAB should be aware of this association. A multimodal treatment focusing on the MetS may be considered in these patients.
Impact of different matrix systems on mechanical, thermal, and electrical properties of carbon fiber reinforced epoxy resin matrix composites
Authors: Wang Dan , Hu Shi , Vecernik Josef , Kremenakova Dana , Militky Jiri , Novotna Jana 
Published: June 2024

AbstractCarbon fiber reinforced epoxy resin matrix composite is one of the most important composite materials in the world. Many researchers have conducted a lot of research on epoxy resin matrix systems in recent years, mainly to improve the problem with the short curing time of the matrix system and epoxy resin's high viscosity. The final aim is to enhance various aspects of composites' performance and optimize the production process. A new type of water dispersed epoxy resin matrix system is investigated in this paper and the target is to optimize the mechanical, thermal, and electrical performances of the composites with the water dispersed epoxy resin matrix by varying different doping particles and different resin/catalyst ratios. Through a series of experiments, it is evident that varying the ratio of resin to catalyst in the matrix system will not significantly improve the mechanical as well as thermal properties of the composites. However, increasing the amount of catalyst in the matrix system can greatly improve the electrical properties of its composite samples. In addition to this, the addition of doping particles to the matrix systems has the effect of slightly enhancing the tensile modulus, thermal conductivity, and electrical conductivity of their composites.Highlights
A new water‐dispersed epoxy resin matrix system improves processing technology.
Increasing amount of catalyst in the matrix system improves electrical resistivity.
Adding particles to matrix systems has a slight effect on different properties.
Curcumin suppresses colorectal cancer by induction of ferroptosis via regulation of p53 and solute carrier family 7 member 11/glutathione/glutathione peroxidase 4 signaling axis
Authors: Ming Tianqi , Lei Jiarong , Peng Yuhui , Wang Minmin , Liang Yuanjing , Tang Shun , Tao Qiu , Wang Muqing , Tang Xiaomeng , He Ziyu , Liu Xiaohong , Xu Haibo 
Published: June 2024

AbstractDriven by iron‐dependent lipid peroxidation, ferroptosis is regulated by p53 and solute carrier family 7 member 11 (SLC7A11)/glutathione/glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) axis in colorectal cancer (CRC). This study aimed to investigate the influence of curcumin (CUR) on ferroptosis in CRC. The efficacies of CUR on the malignant phenotype of CRC cells were determined by 3‐(4,5‐dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl)‐2,5‐diphenyl tetrazolium bromide, wound healing, and clonogenic assays. The effects of CUR on ferroptosis of CRC cells were evaluated by transmission electron microscopy, lactate dehydrogenase release assay, Fe2+ staining, and analyses of reactive oxygen species, lipid peroxide, malondialdehyde, and glutathione levels. CUR's targets in ferroptosis were predicted by network pharmacological study and molecular docking. With SW620 xenograft tumors, the efficacy of CUR on CRC was investigated, and the effects of CUR on ferroptosis were assessed by detection of Fe2+, malondialdehyde, and glutathione levels. The effects of CUR on expressions of p53, SLC7A11, and GPX4 in CRC cells and tumors were analyzed by quantitative reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction, western blotting, and immunohistochemistry. CUR suppressed the proliferation, migration, and clonogenesis of CRC cells and xenograft tumor growth by causing ferroptosis, with enhanced lactate dehydrogenase release and Fe2+, reactive oxygen species, lipid peroxide, and malondialdehyde levels, but attenuated glutathione level in CRC. In silico study indicated that CUR may bind p53, SLC7A11, and GPX4, consolidated by that CUR heightened p53 but attenuated SLC7A11 and GPX4 mRNA and protein levels in CRC. CUR may exert an inhibitory effect on CRC by inducing ferroptosis via regulation of p53 and SLC7A11/glutathione/GPX4 axis.
Ensemble forecasting: A foray of dynamics into the realm of statistics
Authors: Feng Jie , Toth Zoltan , Zhang Jing , Peña Malaquias 
Published: June 2024

AbstractUncertain quantities are often described through statistical samples. Can samples for numerical weather forecasts be generated dynamically? At a great expense, they can. With statistically constrained perturbations, a cloud of initial states is created and then integrated forward in time. By now, this technique has become ubiquitous in weather and climate research and operations. Ensembles are widely used, with demonstrated value. The atmosphere evolves in a multidimensional phase space. Does a cloud of ensemble solutions encompass the evolution of the real atmosphere? Theoretically, random perturbations in high‐dimensional spaces have negligible projection in any direction, including the error in the best estimate, therefore consistently degrading that. As the bulk of the perturbation variance lies in the null space of error, samples in multidimensional space do not contain reality. An evaluation suggests that initial and short‐range forecast error and ensemble perturbations are random draws from a high‐dimensional domain we call the subspace of possible error. Error in any initial condition is partly a result of stochastic observational and assimilation noise, while perturbations explore other, mostly independent directions from the subspace of possible error that may have resulted from other configurations of stochastic noise. What benefits may arise from the deterministic projection of such noise? Consistent with theoretical expectations, ensemble members consistently degrade the skill of the unperturbed forecast until medium range. The mean and all other products derived from ensembles suffer an 18‐hour loss in forecast Information. Since Information is a sufficient statistic, any rational user can benefit more from the unperturbed, than from an ensemble of weather forecasts. Furthermore, case‐dependent variations in the distribution or spread of ensembles have no impact on commonly used metrics. Can alternative, statistical applications provide comparable, or even higher‐quality probabilistic and other products, at the fraction of the cost of running an ensemble?
A comparative study of analytical representations of potential energy curves for CO in its ground electronic state
Authors: Araújo Judith P. , Lugão Isadora G. , Silva Rafael P. , Martins Mariana P. , Okon Ituen B. , Onate Clement A. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIn this work, a comparative study of four functional forms used to represent potential energy curves (PECs) is presented. The starting point is the Hulburt‐Hirschfelder, followed by the Extended Rydberg potential function, ending with two of the most recent potentials presented in the literature for diatomic systems: the Araújo‐Ballester potential and the Improved Extended Lennard‐Jones potential. The chosen potentials have in common the fact that all their parameters are algebraically calculated, without any fitting procedure, and all of them have direct dependence on Dunham's parameters. The mathematical behavior of these functions for the short‐ and long‐range regions is discussed. As study case, the diatomic system in its ground electronic state was selected. To quantify the accuracy of the potential energy functions, the least‐squares Z‐test method, proposed by Murrell and Sorbie, is used. Furthermore, the main spectroscopic constants and vibrational energy levels are calculated and compared for all potentials.
Diatom Chaetoceros Sp. as an Efficient Biological Antidote in Iron Toxicity: In‐Vitro and In‐Vivo Experiments
Authors: Janahmadi Zeinab , Talebi Shadi , Farjadian Fatemeh , Momeni Safieh 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAll living organisms require mineral iron, but excess iron can lead to the production of free radicals and organ damage, such as liver damage in humans. This study investigated the diatom Chaetoceros sp. as an iron adsorbent in iron overload. First, the morphology and chemical composition of the diatom was characterized by spectroscopic and microscopic techniques. It was defined that diatoms have spherical particles with an average size of less than 2.0 μm. The affinity of diatoms for ionic Fe (II) uptake was evaluated. Fe (II) adsorption capacity was determined in vitro in two simulated intestinal and gastric aqueous media with pH values of 7.2 and 1.2. In both media, the diatom acted as a super‐adsorbent of Fe (II), while the highest adsorption occurred in a medium with a pH of 1.2. The correlation of the adsorption isotherm data was well studied with three well‐known equations, Langmuir, Fruindlich, and Redlich‐Peterson. The Langmuir model fitted the adsorption data best. The pseudo‐first‐order reaction model also provided a good fit for the adsorption kinetic data. In the in vivo study, the diatom was administered to iron‐overloaded rats. Biochemical parameters of organ damage and plasma Fe levels were determined at 2 h and 24 h intervals after diatom administration. The results show that diatoms can prevent acute iron poisoning by reducing plasma levels. Diatoms proved to be potent antidote agents in iron overdose conditions.
Wood‐Structured Nanomaterials as Highly Efficient, Self‐Standing Electrocatalysts for Water Splitting
Authors: Huang Jianlin , Shi Zhikai , Mao Chengwei , Yang Gaixiu , Chen Yan 
Published: June 2024

AbstractElectrocatalytic water splitting (EWS) driven by renewable energy is widely considered an environmentally friendly and sustainable approach for generating hydrogen (H2), an ideal energy carrier for the future. However, the efficiency and economic viability of large‐scale water electrolysis depend on electrocatalysts that can efficiently accelerate the electrochemical reactions taking place at the two electrodes. Wood‐derived nanomaterials are well‐suited for serving as EWS catalysts because of their hierarchically porous structure with high surface area and low tortuosity, compositional tunability, cost‐effectiveness, and self‐standing integral electrode configuration. Here, recent advancements in the design and synthesis of wood‐structured nanomaterials serving as advanced electrocatalysts for water splitting are summarized. First, the design principles and corresponding strategies toward highly effective wood‐structured electrocatalysts (WSECs) are emphasized. Then, a comprehensive overview of current findings on WSECs, encompassing diverse structural designs and functionalities such as supported‐metal nanoparticles (NPs), single‐atom catalysts (SACs), metal compounds, and heterostructured electrocatalysts based on engineered wood hosts are presented. Subsequently, the application of these WSECs in various aspects of water splitting, including the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), oxygen evolution reaction (OER), overall water splitting (OWS), and hybrid water electrolysis (HWE) are explored. Finally, the prospects, challenges, and opportunities associated with the broad application of WSECs are briefly discussed. This review aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the ongoing developments in water‐splitting catalysts, along with outlining design principles for the future development of WSECs.