bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The molecular landscape of sepsis severity in infants: enhanced coagulation, innate immunity, and T cell repression
Authors: Huang Susie Shih Yin , Toufiq Mohammed , Eghtesady Pirooz , Van Panhuys Nicholas , Garand Mathieu 
Published: May 2024

IntroductionSepsis remains a major cause of mortality and morbidity in infants. In recent years, several gene marker strategies for the early identification of sepsis have been proposed but only a few have been independently validated for adult cohorts and applicability to infant sepsis remains unclear. Biomarkers to assess disease severity and risks of shock also represent an important unmet need.MethodsTo elucidate characteristics driving sepsis in infants, we assembled a multi-transcriptomic dataset from public microarray datasets originating from five independent studies pertaining to bacterial sepsis in infant &lt; 6-months of age (total n=335). We utilized a COmbat co-normalization strategy to enable comparative evaluation across multiple studies while preserving the relationship between cases and controls.ResultsWe found good concordance with only two out of seven of the published adult sepsis gene signatures (accuracy &gt; 80%), highlighting the narrow utility of adult-derived signatures for infant diagnosis. Pseudotime analysis of individual subjects’ gene expression profiles showed a continuum of molecular changes forming tight clusters concurrent with disease progression between healthy controls and septic shock cases. In depth gene expression analyses between bacteremia, septic shock, and healthy controls characterized lymphocyte activity, hemostatic processes, and heightened innate immunity during the molecular transition toward a state of shock.DiscussionOur analysis revealed the presence of multiple significant transcriptomic perturbations that occur during the progression to septic shock in infants that are characterized by late-stage induction of clotting factors, in parallel with a heightened innate immune response and a suppression of adaptive cell functionality.
HLA dependency and possible clinical relevance of intrathecally synthesized anti-IgLON5 IgG4 in anti-IgLON5 disease
Authors: Koneczny Inga , Macher Stefan , Hutterer Markus , Seifert-Held Thomas , Berger-Sieczkowski Evelyn , Blaabjerg Morten , Breu Markus , Dreyhaupt Jens , Dutra Livia Almeida , Erdler Marcus , Fae Ingrid , Fischer Gottfried , Frommlet Florian , Heidbreder Anna , Högl Birgit , Klose Veronika , Klotz Sigrid , Liendl Herburg , Nissen Mette S. , Rahimi Jasmin , Reinecke Raphael , Ricken Gerda , Stefani Ambra , Süße Marie , Teive Helio A. G. , Weis Serge , Berger Thomas , Sabater Lidia , Gaig Carles , Lewerenz Jan , Höftberger Romana 
Published: May 2024

BackgroundAnti-IgLON5 disease is a rare chronic autoimmune disorder characterized by IgLON5 autoantibodies predominantly of the IgG4 subclass. Distinct pathogenic effects were described for anti-IgLON5 IgG1 and IgG4, however, with uncertain clinical relevance.MethodsIgLON5-specific IgG1-4 levels were measured in 46 sera and 20 cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples from 13 HLA-subtyped anti-IgLON5 disease patients (six females, seven males) using flow cytometry. Intervals between two consecutive serum or CSF samplings (31 and 10 intervals, respectively) were categorized with regard to the immunomodulatory treatment active at the end of the interval, changes of anti-IgLON5 IgG1 and IgG4 levels, and disease severity. Intrathecal anti-IgLON5 IgG4 synthesis (IS) was assessed using a quantitative method.ResultsThe median age at onset was 66 years (range: 54–75), disease duration 10 years (range: 15–156 months), and follow-up 25 months (range: 0–83). IgLON5-specific IgG4 predominance was observed in 38 of 46 (83%) serum and 11 of 20 (55%) CSF samples. Anti-IgLON5 IgG4 levels prior clinical improvement in CSF but not serum were significantly lower than in those prior stable/progressive disease. Compared to IgLON5 IgG4 levels in serum, CSF levels in HLA-DRB1*10:01 carriers were significantly higher than in non-carriers. Indeed, IgLON5-specific IgG4 IS was demonstrated not only in four of five HLA-DRB1*10:01 carriers but also in one non-carrier. Immunotherapy was associated with decreased anti-IgGLON5 IgG serum levels. In CSF, lower anti-IgLON5 IgG was associated with immunosuppressive treatments used in combination, that is, corticosteroids and/or azathioprine plus intravenous immunoglobulins or rituximab.ConclusionOur findings might indicate that CSF IgLON5-specific IgG4 is frequently produced intrathecally, especially in HLA-DRB1*10:01 carriers. Intrathecally produced IgG4 may be clinically relevant. While many immunotherapies reduce serum IgLON5 IgG levels, more intense immunotherapies induce clinical improvement and may be able to target intrathecally produced anti-IgLON5 IgG. Further studies need to confirm whether anti-IgLON5 IgG4 IS is a suitable prognostic and predictive biomarker in anti-IgLON5 disease.
Inflammation and platelet reactivity during adjunctive colchicine versus aspirin in patients with acute coronary syndrome treated with potent P2Y12 inhibitor
Authors: Lee Seung-Yul , Cho Jae Young , Gorog Diana A. , Angiolillo Dominick J. , Yun Kyeong Ho , Ahn Jong-Hwa , Koh Jin-Sin , Park Yongwhi , Hwang Seok-Jae , Hwang Jin-Yong , Kim Jin Won , Jang Yangsoo , Jeong Young-Hoon 
Published: May 2024

BackgroundIn patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), the use of anti-inflammatory therapy with colchicine is associated with a reduction of recurrent ischemic events. The mechanisms of such findings are not fully elucidated.ObjectivesTo investigate the effects of colchicine versus aspirin on inflammation and platelet reactivity in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) undergoing PCI.MethodsThis observational study compared laboratory measurements in ACS patients receiving single antiplatelet therapy with ticagrelor or prasugrel plus colchicine (MACT) (n = 185) versus conventional dual-antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) with aspirin plus ticagrelor or prasugrel (n = 497). The primary outcome was the frequency of high residual inflammation, defined as high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) ≥2 mg/L at 1 month post-PCI. Multiple sensitivity analyses were performed for the primary outcome, including multivariable adjustment, propensity-score matching, and inverse-probability weighted methods.ResultsOne month after PCI, patients treated with MACT had significantly lower levels of hs-CRP compared to those treated with DAPT (0.6 [0.4–1.2] vs. 0.9 [0.6–2.3] mg/L, p &lt; 0.001). The frequency of high residual inflammation was also lower in the MACT group (10.8% vs. 27.2%, p &lt; 0.001) (odds ratio [95% confidence interval] = 0.33 [0.20–0.54], p &lt; 0.001). This effect was consistent across sensitivity analyses. There was no difference in platelet reactivity between MACT and DAPT (49.6 ± 49.0 vs. 51.5 ± 66.4 P2Y12 reaction unit [PRU] measured by VerifyNow, p = 0.776).ConclusionIn ACS patients undergoing PCI, MACT was associated with a lower rate of high residual inflammation without increasing platelet reactivity compared to conventional DAPT.Clinical trial registrationNCT04949516 for MACT pilot trial and NCT04650529 for Gyeongsang National University Hospital registry.
Rheumatoid arthritis and the risk of chronic kidney diseases: a Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Jiang Zhaoyu , Chen Lin , Liu Aihui , Qi Jiaping , Wang Jing , Li Yixuan , Jiang Huan , Zhang Ju , Huang Shan , Mao Chengliang , Ying Zhenhua 
Published: May 2024

BackgroundThe extra-articular lesions of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are reported to involve multiple organs and systems throughout the body, including the heart, kidneys, liver, and lungs. This study assessed the potential causal relationship between RA and the risk of chronic kidney diseases (CKDs) using the Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis.MethodIndependent genetic instruments related to RA and CKD or CKD subtypes at the genome-wide significant level were chosen from the publicly shared summary-level data of genome-wide association studies (GWAS). Then, we obtained some single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) as instrumental variables (IVs), which are associated with RA in individuals of European origin, and had genome-wide statistical significance (p5 × 10−8). The inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method was the main analysis method in MR analysis. The other methods, such as weighted median, MR–Egger, simple mode, and weighted mode were used as supplementary sensitivity analyses. Furthermore, the levels of pleiotropy and heterogeneity were assessed using Cochran’s Q test and leave-one-out analysis. Furthermore, the relevant datasets were obtained from the Open GWAS database.ResultsUsing the IVW method, the main method in MR analysis, the results showed that genetically determined RA was associated with higher risks of CKD [odds ratio (OR): 1.22, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.13–1.31; p &lt; 0.001], glomerulonephritis (OR: 1.23, 95% CI 1.15–1.31; p &lt; 0.000), amyloidosis (OR = 1.43, 95% CI 1.10–1.88, p &lt; 0.001), and renal failure (OR = 1.18, 95% CI 1.00–1.38, p &lt; 0.001). Then, using multiple MR methods, it was confirmed that the associations persisted in sensitivity analyses, and no pleiotropy was detected.ConclusionThe findings revealed a causal relationship between RA and CKD, including glomerulonephritis, amyloidosis, and renal failure. Therefore, RA patients should pay more attention to monitoring their kidney function, thus providing the opportunity for earlier intervention and lower the risk of progression to CKDs.
Analysis of medical impoverishment and its influencing factors among China's rural near-poor, 2016–2020
Authors: Feng Qiwei , Che Yi , Yi Shuying , Wang Ying , Chen Wen , Xia Xinbin 
Published: May 2024

ObjectiveThis study investigates the determinants of medical impoverishment among China's rural near-poor, aiming to enhance public health services and establish preventative and monitoring systems.MethodsUsing China Family Panel Studies and World Bank methods, we categorized rural populations and calculated their 2020 Poverty Incidence (PI) and Poverty Gap (PG), with impoverishing health expenditures (IHE) as the primary indicator. We analyzed the data from 2016 to 2020 using a conditional fixed-effects multinomial logit model and 2020 logistic regression to identify factors influencing medical impoverishment risk.Results(1) In 2020, the near-poor in China faced a PI of 16.65% post-health expenditures, 8.63 times greater than the non-poor's PI of 1.93%. The near-poor's Average Poverty Gap (APG) was CNY 1,920.67, notably surpassing the non-poor's figure of CNY 485.58. Health expenses disproportionately affected low-income groups, with the near-poor more prone to medical impoverishment. (2) Disparities in medical impoverishment between different economic household statuses were significant (P &lt; 0.001), with the near-poor being particularly vulnerable. (3) For rural near-poor households in China, those with over six members faced a lower risk of medical impoverishment compared to those with three or fewer. Unmarried individuals had a 7.1% reduced risk of medical impoverishment relative to married/cohabiting counterparts. Unemployment was associated with a 9% increased risk. A better self-rated health status was linked to a lower probability of IHE, with the “very healthy” reporting a 25.8% lower risk than those “unhealthy.” Chronic disease sufferers in the near-poor and non-poor categories were at an increased risk of 12 and 1.4%, respectively. Other surveyed factors, including migrant status, age, insurance type, gender, educational level, and recent smoking or drinking, were not statistically significant (P &gt; 0.05).ConclusionRural near-poor in China are much more susceptible to medical impoverishment, influenced by specific socio-economic factors. The findings advocate for policy enhancements and health system reforms to mitigate health poverty. Further research should extend to urban areas for comprehensive health poverty strategy development.
A new spectrally-invariant approach to the remote sensing of inhomogeneous clouds
Authors: Marshak Alexander , Knyazikhin Yuri , Várnai Tamás 
Published: May 2024

Current operational satellite retrievals of cloud optical and microphysical properties go back to the Nakajima-King technique developed at the end of the 1980 s. This technique is based on library calculations for plane-parallel homogeneous clouds. It often works well for overcast skies but leads to substantial errors for inhomogeneous and broken cloud fields where the plane-parallel-geometry assumption is no longer valid. The basic concept of a new technique was first introduced in nuclear physics to quantify the critical conditions of reactors. Based on the eigenvalues of the radiative transfer equation, their approach provides a powerful means to parameterize the structure of 3D media. This parameterization was later successfully applied to relate surface reflectance spectra to 3D canopy structure and is known as the spectrally-invariant approximation. The proposed approach adapts this technique to the remote sensing of cloud properties such as droplet single scattering albedo and the average number of scatterings (which are the fundamental parameters in radiative transfer theory), with an emphasis on quantifying the associated errors and uncertainties. This retrieval is free from the plane-parallel homogeneous cloud assumption.
High ADMA Is Associated with Worse Health Profile in Heart Failure Patients Hospitalized for Episodes of Acute Decompensation
Authors: Vîlcea Anamaria , Borta Simona Maria , Popețiu Romana Olivia , Alexandra Rus Larisa , Pilat Luminița , Nica Dragoș Vasile , Pușchiță Maria 
Published: May 2024

Background and Objectives: episodes of acute decompensation in chronic heart failure (ADHF), a common health problem for the growing elderly population, pose a significant socio-economic burden on the public health systems. Limited knowledge is available on both the endothelial function in and the cardio-metabolic health profile of old adults hospitalized due to ADHF. This study aimed to investigate the connection between asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA)—a potent inhibitor of nitric oxide—and key health biomarkers in this category of high-risk patients. Materials and Methods: this pilot study included 83 individuals with a known ADHF history who were admitted to the ICU due to acute cardiac decompensation. Selected cardiovascular, metabolic, haemogram, renal, and liver parameters were measured at admission to the ICU. Key renal function indicators (serum creatinine, sodium, and potassium) were determined again at discharge. These parameters were compared between patients stratified by median ADMA (114 ng/mL). Results: high ADMA patients showed a significantly higher incidence of ischemic cardiomyopathy and longer length of hospital stay compared to those with low ADMA subjects. These individuals exhibited significantly higher urea at admission and creatinine at discharge, indicating poorer renal function. Moreover, their lipid profile was less favorable, with significantly elevated levels of total cholesterol and HDL. However, no significant inter-group differences were observed for the other parameters measured. Conclusions: the present findings disclose multidimensional, adverse ADMA-related changes in the health risk profile of patients with chronic heart failure hospitalized due to recurrent decompensation episodes.
Identification and Functional Verification of the Glycosyltransferase Gene Family Involved in Flavonoid Synthesis in Rubus chingii Hu
Authors: Shi Yujie , Chen Zhen , Shen Mingkai , Li Qianfan , Wang Shunli , Jiang Jingyong , Zeng Wei 
Published: May 2024

Glycosylation is catalyzed by UDP-glycosyltransferase (UGT) and plays an important role in enriching the diversity of flavonoids. Rubus plants contain a lot of natural flavonoid glycosides, which are important plants with a homology of medicine and food. However, information about the Rubus UGT gene family is very limited. In this study, we carried out genome-wide analysis and identified the 172, 121, 130, 121 UGT genes in R. chingii, R. corchorifolius, R. idaeus, and R. occidentalis, respectively, and divided them into 18 groups. The analysis of the protein motif and gene structure showed that there were structural and functional conservations in the same group, but there were differences among different groups. Gene replication analysis showed that raspberry and dicotyledons had a higher homology. The expansion of the UGTs gene family was mainly driven by tandem replication events, and experienced purified selection during the long evolution of the raspberry. Cis-acting element analysis showed that they were related to plant growth and development, hormone regulation, and stress response. In addition, according to a comprehensive analysis of the co-expression network constructed by transcriptome data and phylogenetic homology, RchUGT169 was identified as a flavonoid glucosyltransferase. Through the transient expression in tobacco, it was verified that RchUGT169 could catalyze the conversion of kaempferol and quercetin to the corresponding flavonoid glycosides. In conclusion, this research enriched the understanding of the diversity of UGTs in Rubus and determined that RcUGT169 can catalyze flavonoids.
Perancangan UI/UX Website Search Buddy Menggunakan Pendekatan Design Thinking
Authors: Imin Jonathan Hansen , Fajar Mohammad , Hasniati  
Published: May 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merancang user interface (UI) dan user experience (UX) website Search Buddy menggunakan pendekatan design thinking sehingga memenuhi unsur kebergunaan (usability) bagi penggunanya. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui penyebaran kuesioner dan wawancara terhadap 20 responden yang menjadi pengguna website. Selanjutnya data diolah dan dianalisis menggunakan system usability scale (SUS). Hasil pengukuran terhadap desain awal website Search Buddy menggunakan SUS diperoleh nilai sebesar 54,75 dengan rating “Ok”, tetapi berada pada rentang penerimaan (Acceptability ranges) marginal yang rendah dan belum memenuhi unsur usability. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut, selanjutnya digunakan lima tahapan yang ada pada pendekatan design thingking dalam merancang ulang prototype UI/UX website Search Buddy untuk menyelesaikan masalah yang dialami oleh pengguna. Hasil evaluasi prototype sistem memperlihatkan peningkatan skor SUS sebesar 25.37, dimana rata-rata nilai skor SUS yaitu 80.12 dengan rating “Good”, berada pada rentang dapat diterima dan telah memenuhi unsur usability. Hasil ini memperlihatkan bahwa perancangan ulang UI/UX Website Search Buddy menggunakan pendekatan design thinking memberikan peningkatan usability terhadap website tersebut
Kiakhta ou l’épaisseur d'une frontière
Authors: Savelli Dany 
Published: May 2024

Kiakhta and the broadness of the borders
This article is a reflection on the question of what is a “frontier.” The history of the three Kiakhtas (this name also designates Troitskosavsk and the Chinese trading town of Maimaicheng) reveals throughout the XVIIIth and XIXth centuries some particularly exceptional features. These were due to the unique position of the city on the border between the Russian and Chinese Empires. As a result of important trading and smuggling activities, which gave rise to a pidgin language between Russian and Chinese merchants and to the vanishing of social barriers, this frontier, which gathers together people and civilizations rather than separates them, became a lively battering hub. A window onto the world, the “Millionnaires’ town,” known as “The Venice of the Desert,” was also an exchange post for revolutionary ideas, an outpost for Orientalism and the cultural centre of Transbaikalia. Engaging with Kiakhta - which is considered here from the point of view of Western culture (including Russia) - is an opportunity to broach various debates: the fashion of chinoiserie in Russia as well as asiatism in that country; the status of Siberia given its proximity to China; and the historiography of Russian-Chinese relations.
Protoplanetary Disk Polarization at Multiple Wavelengths: Are Dust Populations Diverse?
Authors: Harrison Rachel E. , Lin Zhe-Yu Daniel , Looney Leslie W. , Li Zhi-Yun , Yang Haifeng , Stephens Ian W. , Fernández-López Manuel 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Millimeter and submillimeter observations of continuum linear dust polarization provide insight into dust grain growth in protoplanetary disks, which are the progenitors of planetary systems. We present the results of the first survey of dust polarization in protoplanetary disks at 870 μm and 3 mm. We find that protoplanetary disks in the same molecular cloud at similar evolutionary stages can exhibit different correlations between observing wavelength and polarization morphology and fraction. We explore possible origins for these differences in polarization, including differences in dust populations and protostar properties. For RY Tau and MWC 480, which are consistent with scattering at both wavelengths, we present models of the scattering polarization from several dust grain size distributions. These models aim to reproduce two features of the observational results for these disks: (1) both disks have an observable degree of polarization at both wavelengths; and (2) the polarization fraction is higher at 3 mm than at 870 μm in the centers of the disks. For both disks, these features can be reproduced by a power-law distribution of spherical dust grains with a maximum radius of 200 μm and high optical depth. In MWC 480, we can also reproduce features (1) and (2) with a model containing large grains (a
max = 490 μm) near the disk midplane and small grains (a
max = 140 μm) above and below the midplane.
First Detection in Space of the High-energy Isomer of Cyanomethanimine: H2CNCN
Authors: San Andrés David , Rivilla Víctor M. , Colzi Laura , Jiménez-Serra Izaskun , Martín-Pintado Jesús , Megías Andrés , López-Gallifa Álvaro , Martínez-Henares Antonio , Massalkhi Sarah , Zeng Shaoshan , Sanz-Novo Miguel , Tercero Belén , de Vicente Pablo , Martín Sergio , Requena Torres Miguel Angel , Molpeceres Germán , García de la Concepción Juan 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
We report the first detection in the interstellar medium of N-cyanomethanimine (H2CNCN), the stable dimer of HCN of highest energy and the most complex organic molecule identified in space containing the prebiotically relevant NCN backbone. We have identified a plethora of a-type rotational transitions with 3 ≤ J
up ≤ 11 and K
a ≤ 2 that belong to this species toward the Galactic center G+0.693-0.027 molecular cloud, the only interstellar source showing the three cyanomethanimine isomers (including the Z- and E-isomers of C-cyanomethanimine, HNCHCN). We have derived a total column density for H2CNCN of (2.9 ± 0.1) × 1012 cm−2, which translates into a total molecular abundance with respect to H2 of (2.1 ± 0.3) × 10−11. We have also revisited the previous detection of E- and Z-HNCHCN and found a total C/N-cyanomethanimine abundance ratio of 31.8 ± 1.8 and a Z/E-HNCHCN ratio of 4.5 ± 0.2. While the latter can be explained on the basis of thermodynamic equilibrium, chemical kinetics are more likely responsible for the observed C/N-cyanomethanimine abundance ratio, where the gas-phase reaction between methanimine (CH2NH) and the cyanogen radical (CN) arises as the primary formation route.