bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Isotope effect on the anomalies of water: A corresponding states analysis
Authors: Caupin Frédéric , Ragueneau Pierre , Issenmann Bruno 
Published: May 2024

Light and heavy water show similar anomalies in thermodynamic and dynamic properties, with a consistent trend of anomalies occurring at higher temperatures in heavy water. Viscosity also increases faster upon cooling in heavy water, causing a giant isotope effect, with a viscosity ratio near 2.4 at 244 K. While a simple temperature shift apparently helps in collapsing experimental data for both isotopes, it lacks a clear justification, changes value with the property considered, and requires additional ad hoc scaling factors. Here, we use a corresponding states analysis based on the possible existence of a liquid–liquid critical point in supercooled water. This provides a coherent framework that leads to the collapse of thermodynamic data. The ratio between the dynamic properties of the isotopes is strongly reduced. In particular, the decoupling between viscosity η and self-diffusion D, measured as a function of temperature T by the Stokes–Einstein ratio Dη/T, is found to collapse after applying the corresponding states analysis. Our results are consistent with simulations and suggest that the various isotope effects mirror the one on the liquid–liquid transition.
Millimeter-wave and high-resolution infrared spectroscopy of the low-lying vibrational states of pyridazine isotopologues
Authors: Esselman Brian J. , Zdanovskaia Maria A. , Amberger Brent K. , Shutter Joshua D. , Owen Andrew N. , Billinghurst Brant E. , Zhao Jianbao , Kisiel Zbigniew , Woods R. Claude , McMahon Robert J. 
Published: May 2024

The gas-phase rotational spectrum from 8 to 750 GHz and the high-resolution infrared (IR) spectrum of pyridazine (o-C4H4N2) have been analyzed for the ground and four lowest-energy vibrationally excited states. A combined global fit of the rotational and IR data has been obtained using a sextic, centrifugally distorted-rotor Hamiltonian with Coriolis coupling between appropriate states. Coriolis coupling has been addressed in the two lowest-energy coupled dyads (ν16, ν13 and ν24, ν9). Utilizing the Coriolis coupling between the vibrational states of each dyad and the analysis of the IR spectrum for ν16 and ν9, we have determined precise band origins for each of these fundamental states: ν16 (B1) = 361.213 292 7 (17) cm−1, ν13 (A2) = 361.284 082 4 (17) cm−1, ν24 (B2) = 618.969 096 (26) cm−1, and ν9 (A1) = 664.723 378 4 (27) cm−1. Notably, the energy separation in the ν16-ν13 Coriolis-coupled dyad is one of the smallest spectroscopically measured energy separations between vibrational states: 2122.222 (72) MHz or 0.070 789 7 (24) cm−1. Despite ν13 being IR inactive and ν24 having an impractically low-intensity IR intensity, the band origins of all four vibrational states were measured, showcasing the power of combining the data provided by millimeter-wave and high-resolution IR spectra. Additionally, the spectra of pyridazine-dx isotopologues generated for a previous semi-experimental equilibrium structure (reSE) determination allowed us to analyze the two lowest-energy vibrational states of pyridazine for all nine pyridazine-dx isotopologues. Coriolis-coupling terms have been measured for analogous vibrational states across seven isotopologues, both enabling their comparison and providing a new benchmark for computational chemistry.
The initial sticking of high velocity water onto graphite under non-equilibrium supersonic flow conditions
Authors: Gibson Kevin D. , Luo Yuheng , Kang Christopher , Sun Rui , Sibener Steven J. 
Published: May 2024

In this paper, we present a combined experimental and theoretical study that explored the initial sticking of water on cooled surfaces. Specifically, these ultra-high vacuum gas–surface scattering experiments utilized supersonic molecular beam techniques in conjunction with a cryogenically cooled highly oriented pyrolytic graphite crystal, giving control over incident kinematic conditions. The D2O translational energy spanning 300–750 meV, the relative D2O flux, and the incident angle could all be varied independently. Three different experimental measurements were made. One involved measuring the total amount of D2O scattering as a function of surface temperature to determine the onset of sticking under non-equilibrium gas–surface collision conditions. Another measurement used He specular scattering to assess structural and coverage information for the interface during D2O adsorption. Finally, we used time-of-flight (TOF) measurements of the scattered D2O to determine how energy is exchanged with the graphite surface at surface temperatures above and near the conditions needed for gaseous condensation. For comparison and elaboration of the roles that internal degrees of freedom play in this process, we also did similar TOF measurements using another mass 20 incident particle, atomic neon. Enriching this study are precise molecular dynamics simulations that elaborate on gas–surface energy transfer and the roles of molecular degrees of freedom in gas–surface collisional energy exchange processes. This study furthers our fundamental understanding of energy exchange and the onset of sticking and ultimately gaseous condensation for gas–surface encounters occurring under high-velocity flows.
The feasibility, acceptability and appropriateness of screening for frailty in Australians aged 75 years and over attending Australian general practice
Authors: Job Jennifer , Nicholson Caroline , Clark Debra , Arapova Julia , Jackson Claire 
Published: May 2024

Background Globally, frailty is associated with a high prevalence of avoidable hospital admissions and emergency department visits, with substantial associated healthcare and personal costs. International guidelines recommend incorporation of frailty identification and care planning into routine primary care workflow to support patients who may be identified as pre-frail/frail. Our study aimed to: (1) determine the feasibility, acceptability, appropriateness and determinants of implementing a validated FRAIL Scale screening Tool into general practices in two disparate Australian regions (Sydney North and Brisbane South); and (2) map the resources and referral options required to support frailty management and potential reversal. Methods Using the FRAIL Scale Tool, practices screened eligible patients (aged ≥75 years) for risk of frailty and referred to associated management options. The percentage of patients identified as frail/pre-frail, and management options and referrals made by practice staff for those identified as frail/pre-frail were recorded. Semi-structured qualitative interviews were conducted with practice staff to understand the feasibility, acceptability, appropriateness and determinants of implementing the Tool. Results The Tool was implemented by 19 general practices in two Primary Health Networks and 1071 consenting patients were assessed. Overall, 80% of patients (n = 860) met the criterion for frailty: 33% of patients (n = 352) were frail, and 47% were pre-frail (n = 508). They were predominantly then referred for exercise prescription, medication reviews and geriatric assessment. The Tool was acceptable to staff and patients and compatible with practice workflows. Conclusions This study demonstrates that frailty is identified frequently in Australians aged ≥75 years who visit their general practice. It’s identification, linked with management support to reverse or reduce frailty risk, can be readily incorporated into the Medicare-funded annual 75+ Health Assessment.
Proverbs of Latin and French origin in the history of English
Authors: Landmann Julia 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The present study deals with proverbs of Latin and French origin adopted into English throughout its history. Dictionaries
such as the Oxford English Dictionary Online (OED Online) serve as valuable sources to identify the
different lexical units. The treatment of proverbs in lexicographical resources is compared to their current usage as reflected by a
multitude of recent newspaper articles. This raises the question of how the uses of the various proverbs as described in dictionaries
such as the OED differ from those in recent newspapers. A socio-cognitive perspective is paramount in order to
determine the variety of emotionally-affective forces which may account for English speakers’ motivations for using the borrowed
proverb instead of a native translation equivalent.
The role of Persian proverbs in framing Iran’s nuclear program
Authors: Bakhtiar Mohsen 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
This chapter explores how Persian proverbial metaphors are used in discourse to frame Iran’s nuclear program. To that end,
contextual uses of a sample of Persian proverbs were analysed in terms of Conceptual Metaphor Theory. The results demonstrate that
proverbs’ scope of operation goes way beyond their conventional functions. They are used to propagate pessimism, express sarcasm, make
accusations, threaten and humiliate the rival camp, fabricate a new political reality, and manipulate the content and courses of
action. The research also finds that proverbs are apt tools for framing complex socio-political issues, as they encapsulate a bundle
of integrated figurative conceptualisations, providing users with ready-to-use conceptual slots to apply to complex scenarios with
multiple roles and relations. Finally yet importantly, the research shows that the analysis of proverbs in discourse context provides
a more comprehensive view of proverbs by completing the chain of association between the specific-level schema, generic-level schema
and the immediate context of use.
Production of Spanish laterals in early sequential Spanish-English bilinguals
Authors: Yavaş Mehmet , Suner Michele 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
This chapter reports on the phonetic production of Spanish laterals of a group of Spanish heritage
speakers. Twenty adult female early sequential bilinguals who were all English dominant participated in the
investigation. The study investigated the question if the participants’ Spanish productions had any evidence of
influence of the dominant language (English). The productions of the target Spanish laterals in different syllable
positions and adjacent to different vowels were elicited in a reading aloud task. Bilinguals’ productions were
compared to those of monolingual controls and were, overall, found like those. Although there was individual variation
in bilinguals’ productions, English dominance scores did not seem related to these variations. Thus, the dominance
ratings obtained through language use, proficiency, self-reporting, and language attitudes do not necessarily
translate into the phonetics/phonology of the bilinguals.
Lexical development of French-Portuguese simultaneous bilinguals
Authors: Kern Sophie , dos Santos Christophe 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
This study compares the lexical development of a sample of 29 simultaneous French-Portuguese
bilingual children between the ages of 24 and 36 months living in France with the lexical development of a sample of
288 monolingual French children. The data show that bilingual children do not show a lexical developmental delay
compared to their monolingual French peers. Moreover, the word class distribution of productive vocabulary is the same
between the French monolinguals and bilinguals in French. Finally, we tested the lexical selectivity by calculating
the phonetic complexity of the target words. We found a strong correlation between the phonetic complexity of target
words and vocabulary size in both languages for bilinguals. This strong correlation mirrors that found for monolingual
peers.
The impact of dietary guava (
Psidium guajava
L.) on some livestock production systems
Authors: Abd El-Ghany Wafaa A. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Due to the growing concerns about antimicrobial resistance and the potential for a ban on antibiotic growth promoters worldwide, there is an increasing demand to find alternatives to antimicrobials in livestock production. One of these alternatives is herbal extracts or phytobiotics that already are used as dietary supplements to improve the general health conditions. Guava (
Psidium guajava
L.) has a long history of nutritional and medicinal properties. All the body parts of guava and the by-products have been applied effectively in livestock systems. The guava plant is a good source of nutrients as it is rich in flavonoids, phenols, tannins, essential oils, lectins, vitamins, fatty acids, etc. All parts of the guava plant including leaves, pulp, and seeds have been used as antioxidant, antimicrobial, antihypertensive, anti-inflammatory, antidiarrheic, anticancer, immuno-stimulant, growth promotor, cough sedative, and hypocholesterolemic. Therefore, this review was planned to focus on the impact of using dietary guava on the different health parameters of some livestock production systems including poultry and rabbits.
Development of a silicon drift detector array to search for keV-scale sterile neutrinos with the KATRIN experiment
Authors: Siegmann D , Edzards F , Bruch C , Biassoni M , Carminati M , Descher M , Fiorini C , Forstner C , Gavin A , Gugiatti M , Hiller R , Hinz D , Houdy T , Huber A , King P , Lechner P , Lichter S , Mießner D , Nava A , Onillon A , Radford D C , Spreng D , Steidl M , Trigilio P , Urban K , Vénos D , Wolfb J , Mertens S 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Sterile neutrinos in the keV mass range present a viable candidate for dark matter. They can be detected through single β -decay, where they cause small spectral distortions. The Karlsruhe Tritium Neutrino (KATRIN) experiment aims to search for keV-scale sterile neutrinos with high sensitivity. To achieve this, the KATRIN beamline will be equipped with a novel multi-pixel silicon drift detector focal plane array named TRISTAN. In this study, we present the performance of a TRISTAN detector module, a component of the eventual 9-module system. Our investigation encompasses spectroscopic aspects such as noise performance, energy resolution, linearity, and stability.
Shell model study of 92Mo and systematic features of the N = 50 isotones
Authors: Jiang 蒋 Z R 自然 , Li 李 Z Q 志泉 , Sheng 生 J W 竣文 , Sun 孙 J B 靖博 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The level structures of 92Mo have been investigated using the shell model code nushellx@msu within two large model spaces containing neutron core excitations across the N = 50 closed shell. The calculated results are compared with the available experimental data, and reasonable agreements are obtained. The level structures of 92Mo, especially the levels come from neutron core excitations, are interpreted by the present calculations. The systematic features of neutron core excitations in the even–even N = 50 isotones have also been investigated.
Impact of the place of lightwave in secondary school curricula on conceptual understanding of their basic concepts: a moroccan case study
Authors: Hachmi A , Ouariach A , Essaadaoui R , El Hadi M , El Moussaouy A 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
We aim to highlight the importance of using Huygens’ geometric model when instructing high school students about light. To achieve this, we conducted a research study on teaching lightwaves in Morocco’s secondary schools. We investigated how the place of the lightwave in this teaching affects understanding its basic concepts. We carried out a two-dimensional analysis to examine the place of the lightwave in the high school physics curriculum. We administered a test to assess the conceptual understanding of secondary school and university students. The analysis of the curricula revealed several shortcomings in the teaching of geometrical and wave optics. Furthermore, the assessment of conceptual understanding revealed that a significant proportion of students have misconceptions about the wave concepts of lightwaves and that these misconceptions persist throughout their higher education.
Wagner diagram for modeling O2 pathway—calculation and graphical display by the Helsinki O2 Pathway Tool
Authors: Rissanen Antti-Pekka E , Mikkola Tom , Gagnon Dominique D , Lehtonen Elias , Lukkarinen Sakari , Peltonen Juha E 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Objective. Maximal O2 uptake (

V
˙

O

2

max

) reflects the individual’s maximal rate of O2 transport and utilization through the integrated whole-body pathway composed of the lungs, heart, blood, circulation, and metabolically active tissues. As such,

V
˙

O

2

max

is strongly associated with physical capacity as well as overall health and thus acts as one predictor of physical performance and as a vital sign in determination of status and progress of numerous clinical conditions. Quantifying the contribution of single parts of the multistep O2 pathway to

V
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O

2

max

provides mechanistic insights into exercise (in)tolerance and into therapy-, training-, or disuse-induced adaptations at individual or group levels. We developed a desktop application (Helsinki O2 Pathway Tool—HO2PT) to model numerical and graphical display of the O2 pathway based on the ‘Wagner diagram’ originally formulated by Peter D. Wagner and his colleagues. Approach. The HO2PT was developed and programmed in Python to integrate the Fick principle and Fick’s law of diffusion into a computational system to import, calculate, graphically display, and export variables of the Wagner diagram. Main results. The HO2PT models O2 pathway both numerically and graphically according to the Wagner diagram and pertains to conditions under which the mitochondrial oxidative capacity of metabolically active tissues exceeds the capacity of the O2 transport system to deliver O2 to the mitochondria. The tool is based on the Python open source code and libraries and freely and publicly available online for Windows, macOS, and Linux operating systems. Significance. The HO2PT offers a novel functional and demonstrative platform for those interested in examining

V
˙

O

2

max

and its determinants by using the Wagner diagram. It will improve access to and usability of Wagner’s and his colleagues’ integrated physiological model and thereby benefit users across the wide spectrum of contexts such as scientific research, education, exercise testing, sports coaching, and clinical medicine.
Effects of spacer layer thickness in InAlN/GaN double-channel HEMTs
Authors: Guo Si-Yin , Zhu Qing , Chen Yi-Lin , Zhang Meng , Mi Min-Han , Zhu Jie-Jie , Lei Yi-Min , An Si-Rui , Lu Jia-Ni , Gong Can , Ma Xiao-Hua 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
In this paper, the impact of upper channel layer thickness on the electrical characteristics and hysteresis behavior of double-channel InAlN/GaN HEMTs were investigated. The devices with an upper channel layer thickness of 20 nm exhibit higher output current and lower R
on compared to devices with a thickness of 10/6 nm. This is attributed to the higher sheet carrier density and the reduced scattering. However, a 20 nm thickness of the upper channel layer in HEMT exhibits hysteresis phenomena in its electrical characteristics. For this hysteresis phenomenon, capacitance measurements and TEM characterization indicate that it is caused by dislocations in the lower barrier layer under the gate. A thicker upper channel layer is beneficial to increasing the output current of the device but leads to degradation of the lower InAlN barrier layer, resulting in hysteresis. This study provides an optimized solution for the growth and device fabrication of double-channel InAlN materials.
FEM-Circuit co-simulation of superconducting synchronous wind generators connected to a DC network using the homogenized J–A formulation of the Maxwell equations
Authors: Durante-Gómez W , Trillaud F , dos Santos G , Gonzalez-Montañez F , Hajiri G , Berger K , de la Cruz-Soto J 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
High-temperature superconductors (HTS) are greatly appealing for the development of high efficient, and high energy density power devices. They are particularly relevant for applications requiring light and compact machines such as wind power generation. In this context, to ensure the proper design of the superconducting machines and their reliable operation in power systems, it is then important to develop models that can accurately include their physics but also can describe properly their interaction with the system. To achieve such a goal, one approach is the co-simulation. This numerical technique can bring fine geometrical and physical details of the machines through a finite element model (FEM) meanwhile dealing with the operation of the whole system that incorporates the machine and a subset of the power grid represented by an external electrical circuit. The goal of the present work is to put to use this numerical technique when superconducting components are involved. Here, a case study is proposed involving a 15 MW hybrid superconducting synchronous generator (HTS rotor and conventional stator) coupled to a direct current network via a rectifier and its associated filter. The case study related to wind power application allows grasping the technical issues when employing co-simulation dealing with HTS machines. The FEM of the generator is done in the commercial software COMSOL Multiphysics, which interacts with the circuit simulator Simulink through the built-in Functional Mock-up Unit. For the present study, a new version of the latest J–A formulation combined with homogenization technique is introduced allowing an even faster computation time compared to the T–A formulation. Distributed variables and global variables such as current density, magnetic flux density, and local losses for the former and voltage, current, electromagnetic torque, and power quality for the latter are estimated and compared for both formulations. The idea is to find the best-suited combination FEM-circuit under criteria of computational speed, accuracy, and numerical stability. Thus, it is shown that all formulations generate an error of less than 5% on the machine parameters and that the J–A formulation with first order elements stands out with a significant 4-fold reduction in computational costs.
Precise determination of oxygen content in SmBa2Cu3O7−δ
thin film samples using x-ray diffraction
Authors: Walter Kai , Erbe Manuela , Welle Alexander , Hänisch Jens , Holzapfel Bernhard 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The superconducting properties of SmBa2Cu3O7−δ
(SmBCO) thin films are predominantly influenced by the oxygen deficiency δ. Yet, the established methods to determine δ such as iodometric titration or thermogravimetry cannot be applied to thin films due to their very small volume. Therefore, an alternative way to determine δ for SmBCO thin film samples using x-ray diffraction (XRD) is presented. Main point of this analysis is the structural relationship between the a, b and c lattice parameters and δ. A linear relationship between c and δ is found in SmBCO powder samples for both the orthorhombic and tetragonal phase. Furthermore, an attempt is made to quantify the chemical composition using time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry. This attempt was inconclusive because of drastically changing ion yields due to δ influencing the valence state of the analyzed ions. The crystal structural relationship gathered from the powder samples is applied to thin film samples. Thereby, it becomes clear that thermal strain is affecting the crystal structure of the thin films. A simple correction model is used to correct for thermal strain and a good match between powder, literature, and thin film data is achieved and thus a non-destructive way for the determination of δ using XRD.