bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Do perceived high performance work systems influence the relationship between emotional labour, burnout and intention to leave? A study of Australian nurses
Authors: Bartram Timothy , Casimir Gian , Djurkovic Nick , Leggat Sandra G. , Stanton Pauline 
Published: March 2012

bartram t., casimir g., djurkovic n., leggat s.g. & stanton p. (2012) Do perceived high performance work systems influence the relationship between emotional labour, burnout and intention to leave? A study of Australian nurses. Journal of Advanced Nursing68(7), 1567–1578.AbstractAims.  The purpose of this article was to explore the relationships between perceived high performance work systems, emotional labour, burnout and intention to leave among nurses in Australia.Background.  Previous studies show that emotional labour and burnout are associated with an increase in intention to leave of nurses. There is evidence that high performance work systems are in association with a decrease in turnover. There are no previous studies that examine the relationship between high performance work systems and emotional labour.Design.  A cross‐sectional, correlational survey.Methods.  The study was conducted in Australia in 2008 with 183 nurses. Three hypotheses were tested with validated measures of emotional labour, burnout, intention to leave, and perceived high performance work systems. Principal component analysis was used to examine the structure of the measures. The mediation hypothesis was tested using Baron and Kenny’s procedure and the moderation hypothesis was tested using hierarchical regression and the product‐term.Results.  Emotional labour is positively associated with both burnout and intention to leave. Burnout mediates the relationship between emotional labour and intention to leave. Perceived high performance work systems negatively moderates the relationship between emotional labour and burnout. Perceived high performance work systems not only reduces the strength of the negative effect of emotional labour on burnout but also has a unique negative effect on intention to leave.Conclusion.  Ensuring effective human resource management practice through the implementation of high performance work systems may reduce the burnout associated with emotional labour. This may assist healthcare organizations to reduce nurse turnover.
Socialisation of new graduate nurses to practising nurses
Authors: Feng Rung‐Fen , Tsai Yun‐Fang 
Published: March 2012

Aims.  The aim of this study was to explore the socialisation experiences of new graduate baccalaureate nurses to practising nurses.Background.  How nurses contend with the stress of their professional role has been of interest to both researchers and healthcare administrators over the past 30 years. Work stress of clinical nurses comes mainly from organisational and professional factors. However, few studies have explored the professional and organisational socialisation experiences of new graduate nurses.Design.  A qualitative descriptive approach was adopted.Methods.  Participants were graduates of a baccalaureate nursing programme and employed full time at four medical centres in Taiwan, their first full‐time work experience. Data were collected through semi‐structured, open‐ended, in‐depth interviews, which were transcribed verbatim and analysed by content analysis. Three themes were identified: overwhelming chaos, learning by doing and being an insider.Results.  Although the professional socialisation process was hard for the new graduate nurses, they needed much time to increase their knowledge and clinical skills to fulfil clinical needs. However, the hardest work was the organisational socialisation process, which involved fitting into the bureaucratic system, such as maintaining interpersonal relationships with colleagues and familiarising themselves with the ward rules and culture. Neophyte nurse participants were also frustrated by the conflict between professional and organisational values.Conclusions.  The study findings show that the transition from new graduate nurse to practising nurse was stressful for these participants, particularly due to the clash between the professional value of patient‐oriented nursing care and the organisational value of task‐oriented nursing.Relevance to clinical practice.  Senior clinical nurses can consider this study’s descriptions of new graduate nurses’ experiences to help them become insiders and provide quality care.
Factors influencing patients with stage 5 chronic kidney disease to opt for conservative management: a practitioner research study
Authors: Johnston Sheila , Noble Helen 
Published: March 2012

Aims and objectives.  This study explored decision‐making experiences of patients with stage 5 chronic kidney disease when opting for conservative management of their renal failure.Background.  Dialysis is an invasive treatment, and for some older patients, there is an associated treatment burden of dialysis‐related symptoms. An alternative choice is conservative management, but little is known about those who make this decision and how they are supported through the process.Design.  Qualitative practitioner research study.Method.  Data were generated from nine patients’ naturally occurring clinic consultations with a renal clinical nurse specialist between May 2010 – July 2010. Interviews were transcribed verbatim and findings fed back at three multi‐disciplinary meetings to check for relevance and resonance. Common themes were identified and codes applied.Results.  Patients reported age and having to travel three times a week to hospital for dialysis as reasons not to opt for treatment. Others felt well without dialysis not wanting to upset the ‘status quo’ or to burden loved ones. Most felt equipped to make the decision following explanation and discussion with the clinical nurse specialist in the renal clinic.Conclusions.  Patients opting for conservative management give numerous reasons for this including old age, travel limitations, feeling well without dialysis and not wanting to be a burden, but appear content with their decision. One‐to‐one discussions with the clinical nurse specialist appear helpful during the decision‐making process presenting an opportunity for advancing nursing roles in the chronic kidney disease service.Relevance to clinical practice.  Understanding patients’ reasons for refusing dialysis assists in supporting until death. There is an opportunity for developing nursing practice to meet the multi‐faceted needs of this group.
Therapeutic efficacy of acotiamide in patients with functional dyspepsia based on enhanced postprandial gastric accommodation and emptying: randomized controlled study evaluation by real‐time ultrasonography
Authors: Kusunoki H. , Haruma K. , Manabe N. , Imamura H. , Kamada T. , Shiotani A. , Hata J. , Sugioka H. , Saito Y. , Kato H. , Tack J. 
Published: March 2012

AbstractBackground  Improvement in subjective symptoms has been reported in functional dyspepsia (FD) patients administered with acotiamide. Improvement was confirmed in meal‐related symptoms, such as postprandial fullness, upper abdominal bloating, and early satiety. We examined the mechanism underlying the effects of acotiamide on gastric accommodation reflex (GAR) and gastroduodenal motility in FD patients.Methods  Thirty‐four FD patients (mean age, 40.4 years) were examined ultrasonographically before and after 14–18 days of acotiamide (100 mg t.i.d.) or placebo administration. To assess GAR, expansion rate in cross‐sectional area of the proximal stomach was measured after every 100‐mL ingestion, using a straw, of up to 400 mL of a liquid meal (consommé soup, 13.1 kcal; 400 mL) in a supine position. Next, we measured gastric emptying rate (GER), motility index (MI, antral contractions), and reflux index (RI, duodenogastric reflux) to assess gastroduodenal motility. Patients also completed a survey based on the seven‐point Likert scale both before and after drug administration.Key Results  Of the 37 cases, 19 and 18 were administered with acotiamide and placebo A respectively, significant difference was observed in GAR between the acotiamide and placebo groups (21.7%vs 4.4%) after 400 mL ingestion. GER significantly accelerated after treatment in the acotiamide group (P = 0.012), no significant differences were observed in MI and RI between the two groups. Improvement rates were 35.3 and 11.8% for the acotiamide and placebo groups.Conclusions & Inferences  Acotiamide significantly enhances GAR and GER in FD patients. Acotiamide may have therapeutic potential for FD patients.
An abietane diterpenoid is a potent activator of systemic acquired resistance
Authors: Chaturvedi Ratnesh , Venables Barney , Petros Robby A. , Nalam Vamsi , Li Maoyin , Wang Xuemin , Takemoto Larry J. , Shah Jyoti 
Published: March 2012

SummaryAbietane diterpenoids are major constituents of conifer resins that have important industrial and medicinal applications. However, their function in plants is poorly understood. Here we show that dehydroabietinal (DA), an abietane diterpenoid, is an activator of systemic acquired resistance (SAR), which is an inducible defense mechanism that is activated in the distal, non‐colonized, organs of a plant that has experienced a local foliar infection. DA was purified as a SAR‐activating factor from vascular sap of Arabidopsis thaliana leaves treated with a SAR‐inducing microbe. Locally applied DA is translocated through the plant and systemically induces the accumulation of salicylic acid (SA), an important activator of defense, thus leading to enhanced resistance against subsequent infections. The NPR1 (NON‐EXPRESSOR OF PR GENES1), FMO1 (FLAVIN‐DEPENDENT MONOOXYGENASE1) and DIR1 (DEFECTIVE IN INDUCED RESISTANCE1) genes, which are critical for biologically induced SAR, are also required for the DA‐induced SAR, which is further enhanced by azelaic acid, a defense priming molecule. In response to the biological induction of SAR, DA in vascular sap is redistributed into a SAR‐inducing ‘signaling DA’ pool that is associated with a trypsin‐sensitive high molecular weight fraction, a finding that suggests that DA‐orchestrated SAR involves a vascular sap protein(s).
Immunological effects and tolerability of a new fast updosed immunologically enhanced subcutaneous immunotherapy formulation with optimized allergen/adjuvant ratio
Authors: Pfaar O. , Jung K. , Wolf H. , Decot E. , Kleine‐Tebbe J. , Klimek L. , Wüstenberg E. 
Published: March 2012

AbstractBackgroundSubcutaneous immunotherapy (SCIT) traditionally includes an updosing phase injecting increasing doses of allergen over a period of several weeks, followed by a maintenance phase. To establish shorter and more convenient updosing schedules, a fast updosed immunologically enhanced SCIT formulation has been developed by optimizing the allergen/adjuvant (aluminium hydroxide) ratio.MethodsIn a randomized, controlled, parallel‐group trial, patients with grass pollen induced rhinoconjunctivitis with/without asthma were treated with an immunologically enhanced SCIT formulation (AVANZ, ALK, Denmark). The trial included updosing with five injections (300, 600, 3000, 6000 and 15 000 SQ+) injected either in weekly interval (Group 1) or in 3–4 days interval (Group 2) followed by two maintenance injections (15 000 SQ+), approximately 10 weeks treatment. The immunological effects (primary endpoint) and tolerability (secondary endpoint) of the updosing schedules were evaluated.ResultsFour hundred patients were treated (Group 1: 201, Group 2: 199). In both groups, an immunological response with statistically significant increases in levels of IgE‐blocking factor, IgG4 and IgE (P < 0.001), was induced from baseline to end of trial. Most frequently reported adverse events were local injection site reactions such as injection site swellings (Group 1: 30% of patients, Group 2: 41% of patients). Other frequently reported adverse events included systemic reactions (Group 1: 21% of patients, Group 2: 33% of patients), primarily mild to moderate allergic rhinitis and urticaria.ConclusionsFast updosed immunologically enhanced SCIT with an optimized allergen/adjuvant ratio induced significant immunological effects and had an acceptable safety profile. Clinical efficacy will be investigated in future clinical trials.
Respiratory viral infections during the first 28 days after transplantation in pediatric hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients
Authors: Lee Ji Hyun , Jang Ja‐Hyun , Lee Soo Hyun , Kim Yae‐Jean , Yoo Keon Hee , Sung Ki‐Woong , Lee Nam Yong , Ki Chang‐Seok , Koo Hong Heo 
Published: March 2012

AbstractRespiratory viruses (RVs) are a known cause of morbidity and mortality after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). In this retrospective study, we focused on the first 28 d after transplantation in pediatric HSCT recipients and showed that a multiplex PCR assay significantly increased RV detection compared with a viral culture method. Among 176 pediatric HSCT recipients, 84 with respiratory symptoms within one yr after HSCT were tested by viral culture or multiplex PCR. Within 28 d after HSCT, nine patients were infected with RVs; the incidence of a first episode of RV infection within 28 d after HSCT was 5.1%. Eight patients recovered without complications. However, one patient died of adenovirus (AdV) pneumonia with pulmonary hemorrhage; the mortality rate of RV infection within 28 d after HSCT was 0.57%.In the nine patients with RV infection, five different types of RV were identified, either alone or with another RV. These were corona virus (CoV), rhinovirus (RhV) and respiratory syncytial virus combined with CoV; AdV combined with RhV; and parainfluenza virus. Viral culture detected only one case of RV infection, while multiplex PCR detected eight, suggesting that screening of respiratory infections using multiplex PCR is better than the conventional culture method.
Myositis due to the microsporidian Anncaliia (Brachiola) algerae in a lung transplant recipient
Authors: Field A.S. , Paik J.Y. , Stark D. , Qiu M.R. , Morey A. , Plit M.L. , Canning E.U. , Glanville A.R. 
Published: March 2012

AbstractMicrosporidia are obligate intracellular parasites, more closely related to fungi than protozoa on molecular phylogenetic analysis, and are known to be a rare cause of opportunistic infection in immune compromised patients including human immunodeficiency virus‐positive patients and solid organ transplant recipients. We report the first case to our knowledge of microsporidial myositis in a lung transplant recipient. He was 49 years old and had received a lung transplant in 2000 for cystic fibrosis. He presented in 2009 with fevers, chronic diarrhea, myalgia, and pancytopenia, and developed progressive weakness and neurological symptoms before his death 35 days after hospital admission. Multiple investigations, including stool culture, rectal biopsy, colonoscopy, cerebrospinal fluid examination, bone marrow biopsy, lung biopsy, and bronchoalveolar lavage, failed to reveal a definite cause for the patient's deterioration. The diagnosis of microsporidial infection was made on post‐mortem light microscopic examination of tissue sections of the tongue and deltoid muscle. Light microscopy diagnosed a microsporidial myositis, confirmed by transmission electron microscopy, which suggested that the organism was Brachiola species. The identity of the organism was confirmed by polymerase chain reaction as Brachiola algerae (recently renamed Anncaliia algerae). The case highlights the need to consider protozoal organisms in the differential diagnosis of myalgia and multisystemic infections in immune compromised patients.
Review of treatment of acute scaphoid fractures: R1
Authors: Hickey Ben , Hak Paul , Logan Andrew 
Published: March 2012

AbstractScaphoid fractures are common. Clinical suspicion and early diagnosis and treatment are vital in order to avoid complications such as avascular necrosis. The management of these fractures depends on fracture characteristics, specifically the degree of displacement. With consideration of patient factors, such as occupation, the treatment can be non‐operative or operative. There has been much debate in the recent literature regarding the best management of these fractures. The purpose of this review was to identify the current evidence for non‐operative and operative treatment. Undisplaced and minimally displaced fractures can be managed non‐operatively with a scaphoid cast. Surgical treatment is used for fractures with displacement of >1 mm.
Non‐word repetition in adolescents with specific language impairment (SLI)
Authors: Ebbels Susan H. , Dockrell Julie E. , van der Lely Heather K. J. 
Published: March 2012

Abstract  Background: Non‐word repetition (NWR) difficulties are common, but not universal, among children with specific language impairment (SLI). However, older children and adolescents with SLI have rarely been studied. Studies disagree on the relationship between NWR difficulties and difficulties with other areas of language and literacy. There is also no consensus about the underlying reason for the difficulties (some) children with SLI have with NWR. Some scholars argue that difficulties with phonological short‐term memory or storage cause NWR and other language difficulties, whereas others argue that difficulties with NWR may be due more to difficulties with phonological representations.Aims: To investigate NWR abilities and their relationship to other language and literacy abilities in a group of older children with SLI and typically developing controls. To investigate the relative effects of increasing phonological complexity and the number of syllables on the ability of the participants to repeat non‐words.Methods & Procedures: An NWR test (The Test of Phonological Structure; TOPhS), which systematically varies phonological complexity, was administered to 15 participants with SLI (aged 11–15 years), 30 language and 15 age controls. Standardized language and literacy tests and a specific test of verb agreement and tense marking (Verb Agreement and Tense Test; VATT) were also administered.Outcomes & Results: The participants with SLI showed a bimodal distribution: half achieved age‐appropriate NWR, while half scored significantly below language and age controls (d > 7). The two groups of participants with SLI (high versus low scorers) only differed in NWR (d > 5) and agreement (d > 3) and tense marking (d > 2.5), not on the standardized language and literacy measures administered. NWR was also highly correlated with verb agreement (r= 0.97) and tense marking (r= 0.89) among participants with SLI, but not among controls (r= 0.16 and 0.30 respectively). Phonological complexity was related to NWR accuracy, particularly among participants with SLI. The number of syllables had no independent effect on NWR performance for any group.Conclusions & Implications: Some children with SLI (who have good NWR) have language difficulties unrelated to any of the factors underlying NWR. Others have a (probably additional) deficit which affects NWR and also leads to greater difficulties with verb agreement and tense marking. The results indicate that difficulties with this particular NWR test are more likely to be due to a deficit with phonology per se, rather than with phonological short‐term memory or storage.
Perioperative management of the morbidly obese adolescent with heart failure undergoing bariatric surgery
Authors: Maxwell Bryan G. , Ingrande Jerry , Rosenthal David N. , Ramamoorthy Chandra 
Published: March 2012

SummaryThe incidence and prevalence of adolescent obesity and adolescent heart failure are increasing, and anesthesiologists increasingly will encounter patients with both conditions. A greater understanding of the physiologic challenges of adolescent heart failure as they relate to the perioperative stressors of anesthesia and bariatric surgery is necessary to successfully manage the perioperative risks faced by this growing subpopulation. Here, we present a representative case of a morbidly obese adolescent with heart failure who underwent a laparoscopic bariatric operation and review the limited available literature on perioperative management in this age group. Specifically, we review evidence and offer recommendations related to preoperative evaluation, venous thromboembolism prophylaxis, positioning, induction, airway management, monitoring, anesthetic maintenance, ventilator management, and adverse effects of the pneumoperitoneum, rhabdomyolysis, and postoperative care.
Video multitracking of fish behaviour: a synthesis and future perspectives
Authors: Delcourt Johann , Denoël Mathieu , Ylieff Marc , Poncin Pascal 
Published: March 2012

AbstractWith the development of digital imaging techniques over the last decade, there are now new opportunities to study complex behavioural patterns in fish (e.g. schooling behaviour) and to track a very large number of individuals. These new technologies and methods provide valuable information to fundamental and applied science disciplines such as ethology, animal sociology, animal psychology, veterinary sciences, animal welfare sciences, statistical physics, pharmacology as well as neuro‐ and ecotoxicology. This paper presents a review of fish video multitracking techniques. It describes the possibilities of tracking individuals and groups at different scales, but also outlines the advantages and limitations of the detection methods. The problem of occlusions, during which errors of individual identifications are very frequent, is underlined. This paper summarizes different approaches to improving the quality of individual identification, notably by the development of three‐dimensional tracking, image analysis and probabilistic applications. Finally, implications for fish research and future directions are presented.
WEALTH, ASSET PORTFOLIO, MONEY DEMAND AND POLICY RULE
Authors: Sousa Ricardo M. 
Published: March 2012

ABSTRACTI look at the linkages between monetary policy and asset wealth using quarterly data for the USA. I show that a positive interest rate shock leads to a fall in aggregate wealth and an important change in portfolio composition: housing wealth gradually decreases, but the effects are very persistent; and financial wealth quickly shrinks, but the impact is short‐lived. I also find that the money market can be characterized as follows: (i) the money demand has a large interest elasticity and a small output elasticity; and (ii) the estimated monetary policy reaction function highlights the special focus given by the central bank to developments in monetary aggregates. These features call for an approach whereby monetary authorities put more emphasis on tracking wealth developments, in particular, given the asset portfolio rebalancing between money holdings and financial and/or housing assets.