bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
18F‐FDG PET/CT for detecting distant metastases in patients with recurrent head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Yi Jong Sook , Kim Jae Seung , Lee Jeong Hyun , Choi Seung‐Ho , Nam Soon Yuhl , Kim Sang Yoon , Roh Jong‐Lyel 
Published: June 2012

AbstractBackgroundDistant metastases (DMs) increase in patients with recurrent head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). We evaluated the ability of fluorine 18‐fluorodeoxyglucose (18F‐FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) to detect DMs in these patients.MethodWe evaluated 82 consecutive patients with histologically confirmed recurrent HNSCC. Patients with previous DMs were excluded. All patients received whole‐body 18F‐FDG PET/CT scanning for restaging of recurrent HNSCC and follow‐up after salvage surgery. Any suspected DMs were confirmed by histology and further imaging workups. The diagnostic ability of 18F‐FDG PET/CT to detect DMs was assessed.ResultsOf the 82 patients, 14 (17%) had DMs. The lung (93%) and bone (43%) were the most frequent metastatic sites. 18F‐FDG PET/CT correctly diagnosed the presence of DMs in 12 of 14 patients and their absence in 57 of 68 patients. The sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, and positive (PPV) and negative predictive values (NPV) of 18F‐FDG PET/CT for detecting DMs were 86% (95% confidence interval, 57–98%), 84% (72–91%), 84% (74–91%), 52% (30–73%), and 97% (88–99%), respectively.Conclusions18F‐FDG PET/CT may be useful in the detection of DMs prior to and after salvage surgery in the high‐risk patients with recurrent HNSCC. J. Surg. Oncol. 2012; 106:708–712. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Primary small cell carcinoma of the stomach: An experience of two decades (1990–2011) in a Chinese cancer institute
Authors: Huang Jing , Zhou Yi , Zhao Xinming , Zhang Hongtu , Yuan Xinghua , Wang Jinwan 
Published: June 2012

AbstractBackgroundPrimary gastric small cell carcinoma (GSCC) is a rare and aggressive disease for which the standard treatment has not been established. The objective of this study is to investigate the clinical characteristics and survival.MethodsAll cases of GSCC treated at our institute from January 1990 to December 2011 were reviewed and analyzed retrospectively. Statistical analyses were performed using Fisher's exact test.ResultsA total of 19 patients from 11,603 cases (0.16%) of all gastric cancers treated during this period were identified. The median age was 61 years and the patients were predominantly men. Using the latest AJCC Staging Criteria, the majority of the patients (68.4%) were Stage III. All patients underwent surgery. The median overall survival time (MST) was 19.5 months (95% CI 17.5–21.6 months). The 1‐, 3‐, and 5‐year overall survival rates were 77.3%, 44.2%, and 22.1%, respectively. The MST of 48.5 months for cases who received postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy was superior to that of 19.0 months for cases who did not (P = 0.026).ConclusionsOur data indicate that GSCC patients can be treated effectively with combined modality of treatment, despite the aggressive nature of GSCC. Systemic therapy, based on chemotherapy with surgery, is recommended. J. Surg. Oncol. 2012; 106: 994–998. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
MAGIC in practice: Experience of peri‐operative ECF/X chemotherapy in gastro‐esophageal adenocarcinomas
Authors: Reece‐Smith A.M. , Saha S. , Cunnell M.L. , Hameed K. , Bessell E.M. , Duffy J.P. , Madhusudan S. , Parsons S.L. 
Published: June 2012

AbstractBackgroundThe MAGIC trial demonstrated the perioperative regimen of Epirubicin (E), Cisplatin (C) and 5‐Fluorouracil (F) to have an overall survival benefit for patients with gastro‐esophageal adenocarcinomas. We present our experience of the peri‐operative regimen of ECF/ECX(X = Capecitabine) in operable gastro‐esophageal adenocarcinoma.MethodsAnalysis of retrospective data of patients treated with MAGIC style therapy between May 2006 and August 2008 with potentially operable gastro‐esophageal adenocarcinoma.ResultsOne hundred patients underwent peri‐operative chemotherapy according to the MAGIC protocol. Median age was 66 years, with 39% above the age of 70 years. The tumours were evenly distributed between the lower esophagus, gastro‐esophageal junction and stomach. Seventy‐nine percent completed all pre‐operative cycles of chemotherapy and 81% proceeded to surgery, whilst 24% did not receive curative surgery. The median survival on an intention to treat analysis is 31.7 months from diagnosis. The median survival of patients who underwent resection has not yet been reached after a median follow‐up of 41.4 months.ConclusionOur patient population is older than the patients in the MAGIC trial (age 66 years vs. 62 years) with a much higher proportion of esophageal and GEJ tumours. Overall, curative resection rate was comparable to the MAGIC trial. Overall survival is superior to that found in the MAGIC trial. J. Surg. Oncol. 2012; 106:748–752. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The positive non‐sentinel status is not the main decisional factor for chemotherapy assignment in breast cancer with micrometastatic disease in the sentinel lymph node
Authors: Mazouni Chafika , Reitsamer Roland , Rimareix Françoise , Stranzl Heidi , Uzan Catherine , Garbay Jean‐Rémi , Delaloge Suzette , Peintinger Florentia 
Published: June 2012

AbstractBackgroundSurgical and systemic treatment modalities for breast cancer (BC) patients with micrometastatic disease in the sentinel lymph node biopsy (SNB) are controversial. The aim of this study was to evaluate decisional factors associated with assignment of adjuvant chemotherapy (CT).Patients and MethodsIn a retrospective multicentric European study we evaluated cases of primary BC patients who underwent SNB. Logistic regression (LR) and recursive partitioning analyses (RPA) were performed to determine factors associated with CT.ResultsOf the 172 patients with micrometastatic disease, 39.5% received adjuvant CT. In the group treated with CT, patients tended to be younger (P = 0.001), with higher grade (P = 0.001) and HER2 positive tumors (P = 0.006) compared to patients without CT. In multivariate LR, age (P = 0.0027), high grading (P = 0.01) HER2 positivity (P = 0.03), and positive non‐SN status (P = 0.03) were significantly associated with CT. RPA demonstrated that tumor grade, and not the non‐SN status, was the first split in the partition tree followed by HER2 status, and non‐SN status influencing the probability for CT administration.ConclusionHigh tumor grade is the main decisional factor followed by HER2 positivity and then by the positive non‐SN status for CT in micrometastatic disease in the SN. J. Surg. Oncol. 2012; 106:703–707. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Oxidized Dextran as Crosslinker for Chitosan Cryogel Scaffolds and Formation of Polyelectrolyte Complexes between Chitosan and Gelatin
Authors: Berillo Dmitriy , Elowsson Linda , Kirsebom Harald 
Published: June 2012

AbstractMacroporous scaffolds composed of chitosan and using oxidized dextran as a crosslinker are produced through cryogelation. Introducing gelatin as a third component into the structure results in the formation of mesopores in the pore walls, which are not seen if gelatin is excluded. The mesoporous structure is explained by the formation of polyelectrolyte complexes between chitosan and gelatin before crosslinking takes place. The scaffolds exhibit highly elastic properties withstanding compressions up to 60%. The in vitro biocompatibility of the cryogels is evaluated using fibroblasts from a mouse cell line (L929) and it is seen that the cells adhere and proliferate on the scaffolds. The mesoporous structure seems to have a positive effect on proliferation.magnified image
Synthesis and Properties of a Novel Electroactive Poly(aryl ether ketone) Bearing Pendant Aniline Tetramer
Authors: Jia Xiaoteng , Chao Danming , Berda Erik B. , Wang Shutao , Yang Rui , Yao Lei , Wang C. 
Published: June 2012

AbstractA novel poly(aryl ether ketone) bearing pendant aniline tetramers (PAEK‐p‐AT) is prepared through nucleophilic aromatic polycondensation. Structures are confirmed via nuclear magnetic resonance, Fourier‐transform infrared spectra, and X‐ray diffraction. The electrochemical activity of PAEK‐p‐AT is explored by cyclic voltammetry in 1.0 M H2SO4 and confirms a surface controlled process. Moreover, the doped PAEK‐p‐AT shows a high dielectric constant at room temperature during dielectric testing. The electrochromic performance of a PAEK‐p‐AT film is investigated by spectrochronoamperometry in detail, exhibiting good electrochromic properties with high contrast value, satisfactory coloration efficiency, and moderate switching times.
High‐Heteronucleobase‐Content Polystyrene Copolymers Prepared Using Click Chemistry Form Supramolecular Structures With Melamine Through Complementary Multiple Hydrogen‐Bonding Interactions
Authors: Huang Kai‐Wei , Kuo Shiao‐Wei 
Published: June 2012

AbstractFree‐radical copolymerization is used to synthesize poly[styrene‐co‐(4‐vinylbenzyl azide)] (PS‐co‐PVBN3), followed by click chemistry to react it with propargyl thymine (PT) to obtain a series of high‐performance polystyrene derivatives, poly[styrene‐co‐(4‐vinylbenzyltriazolylmethylmethylthymine)] (PS‐co‐PVBT). The presence of the thymine units on the side chains of the PS copolymers allows specific intermolecular association through self‐complementary T–T interactions. In addition, the thermal and dynamic rheological properties of PS‐co‐PVBT increase significantly when it is blended with melamine (M) because of the strong, complementary, multiple hydrogen‐bonding interactions that occur between the T units and this low‐molecular‐weight compound (M).
Dixmier traces of operators on Banach and Hilbert spaces
Authors: Pietsch Albrecht 
Published: June 2012

AbstractWe present a simple approach to the theory of traces on the Marcinkiewicz operator ideal

Particular attention is paid to the Dixmier traces, which may be obtained from both dilation‐invariant functionals and shift‐invariant functionals on \documentclass{article}\usepackage{amssymb}\begin{document}\pagestyle{empty}$\mathfrak l_\infty$\end{document}. Since the concept of positivity does not make sense for traces defined on operator ideals over Banach spaces, traces are not assumed to be positive in the Hilbert space setting, as well. This standpoint raises some new problems. The present studies will be continued in 35, 36.
Transplant Immunology for Non‐Immunologist
Authors: Heeger Peter S. , Dinavahi Rajani 
Published: June 2012

AbstractTransplantation is the treatment of choice for end‐stage kidney, heart, lung, and liver disease. Short‐term outcomes in solid‐organ transplantation are excellent, but long‐term outcomes remain suboptimal. Advances in immune suppression and human leukocyte antigen matching techniques have reduced the acute rejection rate to <10%. Chronic allograft injury remains problematic and is in part immune‐mediated. This injury is orchestrated by a complex adaptive and innate immune system that has evolved to protect the organism from infection, but, in the context of transplantation, could result in allograft rejection. Such chronic injury is partially mediated by anti‐human leukocyte antigen antibodies. Severe rejections have largely been avoided by the development of tissue‐typing techniques and crossmatch testing, which are discussed in detail. Further advances in the understanding of T‐ and B‐cell immunology have led to the development of new immunomodulatory therapies directed at prolonging allograft survival, including those that decrease antibody production as well as those that remove antibodies from circulation. Further application of these immunomodulatory therapies has allowed expansion of the donor pool in some cases by permitting ABO‐incompatible transplantation and transplantation in patients with preformed antibodies. Although vast improvements have been made in allograft survival, patients must remain on lifetime immunosuppression. Withdrawal of immunosuppression almost always ultimately leads to allograft rejection. The ultimate dream of transplant biologists is the induction of tolerance, where immune function remains intact but the allograft is not rejected in the face of withdrawn immunosuppression. This, however, has remained a significant challenge in human studies. Mt Sinai J Med 2012 DOI: 10.1002/msj.21314
Electromyography tests in patients with implanted cardiac devices are safe regardless of magnet placement
Authors: Ohira Masayuki , Silcox Jade , Haygood Deavin , Harper‐King Valerie , Alsharabati Mohammad , Lu Liang , Morgan Marla B. , Young Angela M. , Claussen Gwen C. , King Peter H. , Oh Shin J. 
Published: June 2012

AbstractIntroduction: Methods:We compared the problems or complications associated with electrodiagnostic testing in 77 patients with implanted cardiac devices. Thirty tests were performed after magnet placement, and 47 were performed without magnet application.Results:All electrodiagnostic tests were performed safely in all patients without any serious effect on the implanted cardiac devices with or without magnet placement. A significantly higher number of patient symptoms and procedure changes were reported in the magnet group (P < 0.013). No statistical difference was found in the testing difficulty or ECG changes.Conclusion:The magnet group patients had an approximately 11‐fold greater risk of symptoms than those in the control group. Our data do not support a recommendation that magnet placement is necessary for routine electrodiagnostic testing in patients with implanted cardiac devices, as long as our general and specific guidelines are followed. Muscle Nerve, 2013
Upregulation of chemokines and their receptors in duchenne muscular dystrophy: potential for attenuation of myofiber necrosis
Authors: De Paepe Boel , Creus Kim K. , Martin Jean‐Jacques , De Bleecker Jan L. 
Published: June 2012

AbstractIntroduction: In Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), the infiltration of skeletal muscle by immune cells aggravates disease, yet the precise mechanisms behind these inflammatory responses remain poorly understood. Chemotactic cytokines, or chemokines, are considered essential recruiters of inflammatory cells to the tissues. Methods: We assayed chemokine and chemokine receptor expression in DMD muscle biopsies (n = 9, average age 7 years) using immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence, and in situ hybridization. Results: CXCL1, CXCL2, CXCL3, CXCL8, and CXCL11, absent from normal muscle fibers, were induced in DMD myofibers. CXCL11, CXCL12, and the ligand–receptor couple CCL2–CCR2 were upregulated on the blood vessel endothelium of DMD patients. CD68+ macrophages expressed high levels of CXCL8, CCL2, and CCL5. Conclusions: Our data suggest a possible beneficial role for CXCR1/2/4 ligands in managing muscle fiber damage control and tissue regeneration. Upregulation of endothelial chemokine receptors and CXCL8, CCL2, and CCL5 expression by cytotoxic macrophages may regulate myofiber necrosis. Muscle Nerve, 2012
Aligning for impact: The influence of the funder–fundee relationship on evaluation utilization
Authors: Mayhew Fred 
Published: June 2012

AbstractPartnerships between nonprofit organizations, as well as between public and private entities, are commonly seen as a preferred method to address complex societal problems. Within these partnerships evaluation is often mandated and considered essential, but questions remain as to the efficacy of the evaluation process. This article incorporates theories on interorganizational relationships and evaluation utilization to investigate the role of the funder–fundee relationship on evaluation use. To accomplish this task, data were collected on a statewide early childhood initiative, Smart Start. Findings indicate that a more coordinated and collaborated relationship has a positive impact on the factors associated with evaluation use and on utilization itself. Findings also suggest the importance of strategic thinking on the part of both funders and fundees when it comes to investing resources in mandated evaluations.
Redeveloping the research section of Meningitis UK's website — A case study report
Authors: Witt Jana , Rowland Kate , Wilkinson Clare 
Published: June 2012

This study reports on work undertaken to ascertain how advances in medical research, funded by the charity Meningitis UK, could more effectively be communicated to donors through the charity's website to increase user engagement and future support. Current best practice in research communication through UK charities' websites was determined by a content analysis. It was found that most charities do not make full use of the opportunities the internet provides. The views and needs of website users were examined through an online survey and series of interviews. Supporters of Meningitis UK reported that features such as a glossary of terms, a vaccination summary and videos would greatly enhance the website. These results were used to inform the redevelopment of the charity's research website, which included the creation of a meningitis research timeline, vaccine game and glossary of terms along with video interviews with researchers who receive funding from Meningitis UK. The redeveloped section of the website was evaluated through a second online survey, showing significant improvements in user ratings for navigation, understanding, engagement and content. This study adds to the understanding of current practice in online research communication by UK charities which often have to communicate complex scientific issues. It also provides valuable insight into the views and expectations of website users and charity supporters, and shows how small changes in a charity's website design and content can have a significant impact on user satisfaction.Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Degradation kinetic of epoxy nanocomposites containing different percentage of epoxycyclohexyl—POSS
Authors: Pistor Vinicios , Ornaghi Felipe G. , Ornaghi Heitor L. , Zattera Ademir J. 
Published: June 2012

AbstractIn this study, epoxy nanocomposites containing 0.5, 1, 2, and 5% (m/m) of epoxycyclohexyl—POSS were prepared by mechanical mixture. The samples were characterized by gel content, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), transmission electron microscopy, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). TGA analysis was carried out at different heating rates (5, 10, 20, and 40°C min−1) aiming to evaluate the decomposition by Avrami, Flynn‐Wall‐Ozawa and Criado kinetic models. It was constated an increase in the gel fraction and dispersion of the nanocages only for the sample containing 5% POSS. The degradation study showed two distinct stages of weight loss and only for the first stage a shift in the temperature up POSS incorporation was observed. The Avrami kinetic parameters showed that the incorporation of POSS does not affect the degradation rate constant; however, there is an increase in the time required for the degradation reaction occurs. Also, it was observed an increase in the activation energy values for the sample containing 5% (m/m) of POSS. The degradation kinetic mechanisms in presence of POSS was changed from deceleratory mode (F1) for diffusion (Dn) in the range corresponded to the second stage of weight loss. SEM analysis showed that the morphology of the epoxy resin was modified by the POSS presence, and for 5% (m/m) of POSS was constated a more homogeneous morphology in relation to other samples. © 2012 Society of Plastics Engineers
Kinetic analysis of nonisothermal degradation of acrylonitrile–butadiene/ethylene–propylene–diene rubber blends reinforced with carbon black filler
Authors: Janković Bojan , Marinović‐Cincović Milena , Jovanović Vojislav , Samaržija‐Jovanović Suzana , Marković Gordana 
Published: June 2012

AbstractThe nonisothermal degradation process of acrylonitrile–butadiene/ethylene–propylene–diene rubber blends reinforced with carbon black filler was investigated with thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and derivative thermogravimetry (DTG), using the different calculation procedures. Using different isoconversional methods, it was found that the degradation of the 50 phr loaded carbon black in NBR/EPDM (80/20) blend represents the complex process, where exists the conversion region with a constant value of the apparent activation energy (Ea). It was found that the degradation process of the carbon black‐loaded polymer blend under nitrogen atmosphere, can be described by the three‐(D3) dimensional diffusion mechanism. Good agreement was observed between the experimental and calculated differential (rate) conversion curves, for the investigated degradation process. It was established that the considered polymer blend which have high contents of the carbon black (50 phr carbon black), shows very strong self‐protective behavior (i.e., in the formation of a protective barrier). POLYM. COMPOS., 2012. © 2012 Society of Plastics Engineers
Current‐matching estimation for multijunction cells within a CPV module by means of component cells
Authors: Domínguez César , Antón Ignacio , Sala Gabriel , Askins Stephen 
Published: June 2012

ABSTRACTAn indoor method is presented for the quantification of the current‐matching ratio of a multijunction cell within a concentrator under arbitrary spectral irradiance conditions. The cell current is measured across a very large spectral sweep to force the relevant subcells into a limiting condition. The light spectrum is monitored using component cells to avoid the need for a spectroradiometer and spectral response measurements. The method also provides an estimation of the current losses beyond the overall current mismatch, for example, losses produced in concentrators with chromatic aberration by the non‐uniformity of the incident spectrum across the cell. The method has been applied to a pair of refractive point‐focus concentrator systems; first, a 300X single‐stage Fresnel lens over a lattice‐matched GaInP/Ga(In)As/Ge triple‐junction cell and second, a 1000X two‐stage system with the same Fresnel lens over a homogenizing secondary lens that encapsulates a triple‐junction cell of the same kind but smaller. The experiment demonstrates that the single‐stage concentrator exhibits a higher sensitivity of the current mismatch to variations in the focal distance. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Cross‐sample and cross‐language invariance of the Five‐Dimensional Personality Test (5DPT): exploratory and confirmatory analyses using Dutch, American and Italian samples
Authors: van Kampen Dirk , Coolidge Frederick , San Martini Pietro 
Published: June 2012

ABSTRACTDemonstrating factor invariance across population characteristics is an important issue in personality assessment, particularly if considered from a semi‐idiographic point of view. Using two Dutch samples of general population subjects, we conducted both exploratory and multigroup confirmatory factor analyses to investigate whether the clinically relevant and theory‐informed Five‐Dimensional Personality Test (5DPT) dimensions—Insensitivity, Extraversion, Neuroticism, Orderliness and Absorption—remain stable across subsamples that differ in terms of sex, age, educational level or the subjects' position on each of the 5DPT dimensions themselves. Using samples of American and Italian respondents, we performed similar analyses, testing the cross‐language invariance of the 5DPT factors. To prevent workspace problems, the confirmatory analyses were executed on item parcels instead of individual items. The inter‐factor correlations in these analyses were allowed to deviate from zero. Whether calculating the Tucker coefficients of factor similarity (exploratory analyses) or evaluating model fit by the cut‐off criteria recommended by Hu and Bentler (confirmatory analyses), the results attested the invariance of the 5DPT factors, both across the eight sample parameters and across language. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.