bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Report of 2,087,915 Surgical Admissions in U.S. Children: Inpatient Mortality Rates by Procedure and Specialty
Authors: Abdullah Fizan , Gabre‐Kidan Alodia , Zhang Yiyi , Sharpe Leilani , Chang David C. 
Published: September 2009

AbstractBackgroundMortality rates for eight surgical procedures have been endorsed by the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality as part of the Inpatient Quality Indicators developed to assist hospitals in identifying potential problem areas and as an indirect measure of quality for inpatient adult surgical care. Little to no broad information relating to the overall mortality relating to the surgical care of children is available. An analysis providing national data on the most common procedures performed in children and their associated mortality would be useful in beginning to create benchmarks for standards of surgical care in the pediatric patient.MethodsA total of 93 million admissions from the National Inpatient Sample (NIS) file from the years 1988–1996, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2004–2005 and the Kids Inpatient Database (KID) from 1997, 2000, 2003 were screened to identify surgical admissions in children under the age of 18 years. Variables such as gender, race, age at admission, length of hospital stay, total hospital charges, insurance status, and inpatient mortality were analyzed. Diagnosis related group (DRG) codes were used to provide inpatient mortality rates for 147 different procedures and 15 surgical subspecialties.ResultsOver the 18‐year period considered, a total of 2,087,915 surgical admissions in U.S. children were identified. Most of the patients were white (60.92%), male (54.64%), and were treated in urban, teaching hospitals (60.36%). Overall inpatient mortality was 0.85%, with a median hospital stay of 3 days. Procedures with the highest mortality were craniotomies for trauma (26.27%), liver and/or intestinal transplants (11.12%), heart transplants (10.94%), and other procedures for multiple significant trauma (10.69%). When analyzed by surgical subspecialty, gastrointestinal or general pediatric surgery saw the highest volume of patients, followed by orthopedic and ear, nose, and throat surgery (534,053 vs. 352,228 vs. 257,118 total procedures, respectively).ConclusionsPediatric surgical literature has classically focused on disease‐based outcomes. However, such data do not provide a comprehensive profile of pediatric surgical outcomes by procedure or subspecialty. The present study provides nationwide data relating to inpatient pediatric surgical outcomes in U.S. hospitals by procedure and pediatric subspecialty.
Significance of mucin expression in pancreatobiliary neoplasms
Authors: Yonezawa Suguru , Higashi Michiyo , Yamada Norishige , Yokoyama Seiya , Goto Masamichi 
Published: September 2009

AbstractMucins are high molecular weight glycoproteins that play important roles in carcinogenesis and tumor invasion. We have described, for the first time, that pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas (PDACs) with an aggressive behavior and a poor outcome expressed MUC1 (pan‐epithelial membrane‐associated mucin) but did not express MUC2 (intestinal‐type secreted mucin), whereas intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (IPMNs) with indolent behavior and a favorable outcome did not express MUC1 but did express MUC2. These expression profiles of MUC1 and MUC2 related to the prognoses of the patients were also observed in biliary neoplasms such as intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC)‐mass‐forming type (MF), mucin‐producing bile duct tumor (MPBT), and extrahepatic bile duct carcinoma (EHBDC). We also found recently that high expression of MUC4 (tracheobronchial membrane‐associated mucin) in PDACs, ICCs‐MF, and EHBDCs was a new independent poor prognostic factor, although MUC4 was not expressed in normal pancreatobiliary tissue. High de novo expression of MUC5AC (gastric‐type secreted mucin) was observed in many types of pancreatobiliary neoplasms, including all grades of pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PanIN) and biliary intraepithelial neoplasia (BilIN), and all types of IPMNs and MPBTs, as well as PDACs and ICCs‐MF, although MUC5AC was not expressed in normal pancreatobiliary tissue. The combined status of MUC1, MUC2, MUC4, and MUC5AC expression may be useful for the early detection of pancreatobiliary neoplasms and evaluation of their malignancy. In regard to the mechanism of mucin expression, we have recently reported thatMUC1,MUC2,MUC4, andMUC5AC gene expression is regulated by epigenetics (DNA methylation and histone H3 lysine 9 modification) in cancer cell lines, including PDAC cells. Translational research of mucin gene expression mechanisms, including epigenetics, in pancreatobiliary neoplasms may give us new tools for the early and accurate detection of these neoplasms.
Risk factors for postoperative recurrence of non‐B non‐C hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Shinkawa Hiroji , Uenishi Takahiro , Takemura Shigekazu , Ohba Kazuki , Ogawa Masao , Ichikawa Tsuyoshi , Kodai Shintaro , Yamamoto Takatsugu , Tanaka Hiromu , Kubo Shoji 
Published: September 2009

AbstractBackground/purposeThe majority of hepatocellular carcinomas are associated with chronic infection with hepatitis B or C virus. Recently, however, the proportion of non‐B non‐C hepatocellular carcinomas has been increasing. It is necessary to determine the optimal surgical approach for non‐B non‐C hepatocellular carcinoma.MethodsSeventy‐seven patients with non‐B non‐C hepatocellular carcinoma who underwent curative hepatic resection were included in this study. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to clarify risk factors for postoperative recurrence of non‐B non‐C hepatocellular carcinoma.ResultsOn univariate analysis, surgical margin <5 mm (P = 0.001) and the presence of multiple tumors (P = 0.002) were significantly associated with lower disease‐free survival rate. On multivariate analysis, surgical margin <5 mm and the presence of multiple tumors were independent risk factors for postoperative recurrence.ConclusionCurative resection with adequate surgical margins for single non‐B non‐C hepatocellular carcinoma can achieve a good outcome.
Profile of bubbling solutions to a Liouville system
Authors: Lin Chang-Shou , Zhang Lei 
Published: September 2009

In several fields of Physics, Chemistry and Ecology, some models are described by Liouville systems. In this article we first prove a uniqueness result for a Liouville system in

\mathbb{R}^{2}

. Then we establish a uniform estimate for bubbling solutions of a locally defined Liouville system near an isolated blowup point. The uniqueness result, as well as the local uniform estimates are crucial ingredients for obtaining a priori estimate, degree counting formulas and existence results for Liouville systems defined on Riemann surfaces.

Résumé

En plusieurs champs de Physique, Chimie et Écologie, quelques modèles sont décrits par les systèmes de Liouville. Dans cet article nous prouvons d'abord un résultat de caractère unique pour un système de Liouville dans

\mathbb{R}^{2}

. Alors nous établissons une estimation uniforme pour les solutions d'explosion d'un système de Liouville localement défini prés d'un point d'explosion isolé. Le résultat d'unicité, aussi bien que les estimations uniformes locales sont les ingrédients cruciaux pour obtenir a priori l'estimation, les formules comptant le degré, et l'existence pour les systèmes de Liouville définis sur des surfaces de Reimann.
Acute postoperative pain as a risk factor for chronic pain after surgery
Authors: Nikolajsen Lone , Minella Cristina E. 
Published: September 2009

AbstractChronic postoperative pain is a major clinical problem. Several risk factors, including younger age, female gender, psychological, and genetic factors, have been identified. Surgery itself is the most important risk factor. Preoperative pain and severe acute postoperative pain are also very consistent risk factors for the development of chronic postoperative pain. Theoretically, a reduction of postoperative pain should reduce the risk of developing chronic postoperative pain. The present article will summarize the epidemiology of chronic pain after various surgical procedures. The emphasis will be on the relation between acute postoperative pain and chronic postoperative pain. Preventive measures will be discussed.
Neuropathic pain: Peripheral and central mechanisms
Authors: Jensen Troels Staehelin , Finnerup Nanna Brix 
Published: September 2009

AbstractNeuropathic pain refers to a specific pain syndrome characterized by pain and sensory abnormalities in body parts that have lost their normal peripheral innervation or sensory representation. They are to be distinguished from other types of pain because of differences in the underlying pathophysiology and treatment. Following a peripheral nerve injury, a cascade of events occurs in primary afferents causing peripheral sensitization. Central sensitization, which is increased responsiveness in central neurons, is usually the result of an increased barrage from the periphery, but may also occur independent of such peripheral input. Again, a series of molecular changes contribute to this central sensitization. These peripheral and central sensitization phenomena in neuropathic pain represent the pathophysiological reason for the beneficial effect of antihyperalgesic treatment in this type of pain. In future, such treatment is likely to be replaced by agents that in a more specific ways attack the pain‐generating mechanisms.
Impulsivity, personality and bipolar disorder
Authors: Lewis M. , Scott J. , Frangou S. 
Published: September 2009

AbstractBackgroundIncreased impulsivity is a diagnostic feature of mania in bipolar disorder (BD). However it is unclear whether increased impulsivity is also a trait feature of BD and therefore present in remission. Trait impulsivity can also be construed as a personality dimension but the relationship between personality and impulsivity in BD has not been explored. The aim of this study was to examine the relationship of impulsivity to clinical status and personality characteristics in patients with BD.MethodsWe measured impulsivity using the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS-11) and personality dimensions using Eysenck Personality Questionnaire in 106 BD patients and demographically matched healthy volunteers. Clinical symptoms were assessed in all participants using the Clinical Global Impressions Scale, the Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale and the Young Mania Rating Scale. Based on their clinical status patients were divided in remitted (n = 36), subsyndromal (n = 25) and syndromal (n = 45).ResultsThere was no difference in BIS-11 and EPQ scores between remitted patients and healthy subjects. Impulsivity, Neuroticism and Psychoticism scores were increased in subsyndromal and syndromal patients. Within the BD group, total BIS-11 score was predicted mainly by symptoms severity followed by Psychoticism and Neuroticism scores.ConclusionsIncreased impulsivity may not be a trait feature of BD. Symptom severity is the most significant determinant of impulsivity measures even in subsyndromal patients.
Partitions with independent iterates in random dynamical systems
Authors: BEGUN BORIS , DEL JUNCO ANDRÉS 
Published: September 2009

AbstractKrengel characterized weakly mixing actions (X,T) as those measure-preserving actions having a dense set of partitions of X with infinitely many jointly independent images under iterates of T. Using the tools developed in later papers—one by del Junco, Reinhold and Weiss, another by del Junco and Begun—we prove analogues of these results for weakly mixing random dynamical systems (in other words, relatively weakly mixing systems).
Continuity of the Lyapunov exponent for analytic quasiperiodic cocycles
Authors: JITOMIRSKAYA S. , KOSLOVER D. A. , SCHULTEIS M. S. 
Published: September 2009

AbstractIt is known that the Lyapunov exponent is not continuous at certain points in the space of continuous quasiperiodic cocycles. In this paper we show that it is continuous in the analytic category. Our corollaries include continuity of the Lyapunov exponent associated with general quasiperiodic Jacobi matrices or orthogonal polynomials on the unit circle, in various parameters, and applications to the study of quantum dynamics.
Fixed points of imaginary reflections on hyperbolic handlebodies
Authors: HIDALGO RUBEN A. , MASKIT BERNARD 
Published: September 2009

AbstractA Klein–Schottky group is an extended Kleinian group, containing no reflections and whose orientation-preserving half is a Schottky group. A dihedral-Klein–Schottky group is an extended Kleinian group generated by two different Klein–Schottky groups, both with the same orientation-preserving half. We provide a structural description of the dihedral-Klein–Schottky groups.Let M be a handlebody of genus g, with a Schottky structure. An imaginary reflection τ of M is an orientation-reversing homeomorphism of M, of order two, whose restriction to its interior is an hyperbolic isometry having at most isolated fixed points. It is known that the number of fixed points of τ is at most g + 1; τ is called a maximal imaginary reflection if it has g + 1 fixed points. As a consequence of the structural description of the dihedral-Klein–Schottky groups, we are able to provide upper bounds for the cardinality of the set of fixed points of two or three different imaginary reflections acting on a handlebody with a Schottky structure. In particular, we show that maximal imaginary reflections are unique.
An outbreak of Pontiac fever due toLegionella longbeachaeserogroup 2 found in potting mix in a horticultural nursery in New Zealand
Authors: CRAMP G. J. , HARTE D. , DOUGLAS N. M. , GRAHAM F. , SCHOUSBOE M. , SYKES K. 
Published: September 2009

SUMMARYPrevious outbreaks of Pontiac fever have invariably been associated with water droplet spread ofLegionellaspp. In January 2007 three workers from a horticultural nursery were admitted to hospital with non-pneumonic legionellosis. Investigations showed that a working party of ten people had been exposed to aerosolized potting mix; nine of these workers met the case definition for Pontiac fever. The presence of genetically indistinguishableLegionella longbeachaeserogroup 2 was demonstrated in clinical specimens from two hospitalized workers and in the potting mix to which they had been exposed. A further seven cases were diagnosed by serological tests. This is the first documented outbreak of Pontiac fever fromL. longbeachaeserogroup 2 confirmed from inhalation of potting mix. Pontiac fever is likely to be under-diagnosed. We advocate the introduction of an industry standard that ensures the use of face masks when handling potting mix and attaching masks and warning labels to potting mix bags sold to the public.
The psychological responses of outpatient breast cancer patients before and during first medical consultation
Authors: Okazaki Shigemi , Iwamitsu Yumi , Masaru Kuranami , Todoroki Keiko , Suzuki Shimako , Yamamoto Kenji , Hagino Masashi , Watanabe Masahiko , Miyaoka Hitoshi 
Published: September 2009

AbstractObjective:The purpose of this study was to qualitatively examine the content of the psychological responses in interviews with breast cancer outpatients receiving initial medical consultation.Method:The participants were 180 people who visited the breast cancer outpatient clinic at Kitasato University Hospital between November 2004 and August 2005. The remaining 176 participants (39 breast cancer patients and 137 benign tumor patients; average age ± SD: 50.7 ± 12.4 years) were analyzed. Two clinical psychologists carried out the interview, asking the participants to speak freely about their anxieties, worries, thoughts, and feelings up until the medical examination. This study used a content analysis of interviews to chronologically examine psychological response of cancer patients seeking medical consultation at three points in time.Results:Patients at the time of their first outpatient breast cancer consultation experience negative feelings before the examination, directly influenced by the suspicion of cancer. These include anxiety and worries, fear, evasion, depression, and impatience. These tendencies do not change at the time of consultation. However, in addition to negative feelings, some people also possess positive feelings, either simultaneously or at a different point in time. Further, many patients tend to talk at length about psychological responses before seeking treatment, understanding the process they went through to come to seek treatment as an important event.Significance of results:It is important for medical workers to bear in mind the psychological conflicts that patients may undergo before seeking treatment and ensure that sufficient communication takes place.
International comparison study on the primary concerns of terminally ill cancer patients in short-term life review interviews among Japanese, Koreans, and Americans
Authors: Ando Michiyo , Morita Tatsuya , Ahn Sung-Hee , Marquez-Wong Felicia , Ide Saburo 
Published: September 2009

AbstractObjective:The aim of this study was to investigate the primary concerns of terminally ill cancer patients in a Short-Term Life Review among Japanese, Koreans, and Americans to develop intervention programs to be tailored to patients in other countries.Method:Twenty Japanese, 16 Korean, and 7 American terminally ill cancer patients who were in the hospice wards of general Christian hospitals in each country participated in this study. Medical staff members (nurses, social workers, clinical psychologists) performed Short-Term Life Review Interviews with each patient. Patients reviewed their lives in the first session, the interviewers made simple albums for each patient in the week following the first session, and patients and interviewers then confirmed the contents of the album. The treatment period was 1 week. Measurement instruments included the Functional Assessment Chronic Illness Therapy–Spiritual (FACIT-Sp) and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). The contents of each interview session were transcribed, and correspondence analysis and a significance test were conducted on these data to select characteristic words or phrases.Results:Using the FACIT-Sp scores, the following concerns were chosen, in descending order of frequency. In Japan, primary concerns consisted of such ideas as “good human relationships and transcendence,” “achievements and satisfaction,” “good memories and important things,” and “bitter memories.” In Korea, “religious life,” “right behavior for living,” “strong consideration for children and will,” and “life for living” were primary concerns. In the United States, “love, pride, will to children,” “good, sweet memories,” and “regret and a feeling of loss” were primary concerns.Significance of results:We clarify the differences among the primary concerns from the Short-Term Life Reviews, arguing that we can improve the spiritual well-being of terminally ill cancer patients by focusing on the primary concerns within each country.
A Scripture-formed Communion? Possibilities and Prospects after Lambeth, ACC, and General Convention
Authors: Wright Nicholas Thomas 
Published: September 2009

AbstractThe question of the authority, use and relevance of Scripture in today’s Anglican Communion needs to be addressed more thoroughly. All authority is God’s authority, and the question of Scripture’s authority needs to be reframed in that light: God is not merely providing information and instruction, but taking forward his Kingdom-project, and Scripture is not merely a witness to that but also a necessary agent, equipping God’s people for their tasks. Various questions then emerge in a new light: we need an integrated, layered, and nuanced vision of the whole Scripture, foregrounding the gospel challenge of new creation and recognizing the inadequacy of some standard slogans such as Jesus’ supposed slackening of the law. In particular, the biblical basis of ‘covenant’ needs further exploration, and the whole communion should embrace a much richer practice of Scripture reading and study to face the challenges of tomorrow’s world.
Prosody in Parkinson's Disease
Authors: Jones Harrison N. 
Published: September 2009

Abstract
Purpose: Prosodic abnormalities are commonly recognized to be present in the speech of individuals with Parkinson's disease (PD) and hypokinetic dysarthria. Emerging evidence also suggests that deficits in the receptive processing of prosody are present in individuals with PD. This paper reviews aspects of prosody in PD, including the perceptual and acoustic features and their effect on communication; receptive deficits in prosodic processing; and the effects of medical, surgical, and behavioral treatments on prosody.
Methods: Published reports on the above listed aspects of prosody in PD are reviewed and reported.
Results and Conclusions: The perceptual and acoustic characteristics of prosodic impairments in PD are well defined. Perceptually, the principal prosodic features include monopitch, reduced stress, monoloudness, and rate abnormalities. The most common acoustic findings are decreased variability of fundamental frequency (F0) and intensity. A growing literature also suggests that the basal ganglia are critical in receptively processing prosodic information, which is impaired in PD. The role of medical and surgical treatment of PD on speech prosody remains unclear but, overall, appears limited. Behavioral treatments for prosodic disturbance appear promising, though further study is required.
VDNA: The virtual DNA plug-in for VMD
Authors: Bishop Thomas C. 
Published: September 2009

Abstract
Summary: The DNA inter base pair step parameters (Tilt, Roll, Twist, Shift, Slide, Rise) are a standard internal coordinate representation of DNA. In the absence of bend and shear, it is relatively easy to mentally visualize how Twist and Rise generate the familiar double helix. More complex structures do not readily yield to such intuition. For this reason, we developed a plug-in for VMD that accepts a set of mathematical expressions as input and generates a coarse-grained model of DNA as output. This feature of VDNA appears to provide a unique approach to DNA modeling. Predefined expressions include: linear, sheared, bent and circular DNA, and models of the nucleosome superhelix, chromatin, thermal motion and nucleosome unwrapping.
Availability: VDNA is pre-installed in VMD, http://www.ks.uiuc.edu/Research/vmd. Updates are at http://dna.ccs.tulane.edu.
Contact: bishop@tulane.edu