bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Evaluation of Awareness and Knowledge Levels About HPV Infection, Vaccine, and Its Association with Oropharyngeal Cancer Among the Individuals with Higher Education
Authors: Gürhan Ceyda , Saruhan Ercan 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
HPV-related cancers are major public health problem. Although vaccination programs have been developed against HPV, people continue to die from HPV-related cancers. The aim of this study is to assess the knowledge levels of HPV, HPV vaccine, and its association with cancer among individuals with higher education.
Method
Patients with higher education level admitted to outpatient clinic were included. The levels of awareness and knowledge about HPV were evaluated using a questionnaire. The questionnaire consisted of 29 questions/statements. While the first section included socio-demographic characteristics, the second section comprised questions evaluating person’s awareness of HPV vaccine and their attitudes to vaccine. The statements in third section were focused on the participant’s level of knowledge of HPV and cancer screening programs in Turkey.
Results
572 participants, 386 (67.5%) were females and 186 (32.5%) were males. The 81.8% of participants (n = 468) were in aged between 20–39, 15.7% (n = 90) were 40–59 and 2.4% (n = 14) were aged ≥ 60. 429 participants (75%) had bachelor's degree, 114 (20%) had master's degree, and 29 (5%) had doctoral degree. According to local results, the total rate of at least one dose vaccination was 12.7%. The most common barriers to vaccination were personal neglect (35.7%), price (29.4%), and lack of information (23.9%). The vaccination rate was significantly higher in women, in the 20–39 age group and in a single marital status (p < 0.05). The mean knowledge score regarding HPV and cancer screening programs was 8.23 ± 3.62 out of 14. The score was associated with age, gender, marital status, occupation, place of residence, and family education (p < 0.05). 54.9% of the participants did not report any relationship between oropharyngeal cancer and HPV. There was a statistically significant relationship between participant’s awareness regarding the role of HPV in oral carcinogenesis and age, occupation, place of residence (p < 0.05).
Conclusion
This study reveals compelling results regarding HPV knowledge and vaccine acceptability among highly educated individuals. Additional education programs on HPV to both undergraduate and postgraduate curricula would be an essential measure in preventing cancers.
Preconception health knowledge, attitudes and behavioural intentions among adults: A multi-country study
Authors: Craig Ashleigh , Mabetha Khuthala , Stephenson Judith , Schoenaker Danielle , Norris Shane 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Preconception health – the health status of individuals prior to conception – is vital for positive pregnancy outcomes and long-term health. Despite its importance for maternal and infant well-being, it remains under-researched and often overlooked in global maternal and child healthcare.
Methods
We conducted a cross-sectional online survey with adults (18–55 years old) from Kenya, South Africa, Malaysia, the United States, and the United Kingdom (n = 5000), gathering data on preconception health knowledge, attitudes, behavioural intent, and respondents' preferences regarding factors important before pregnancy and preferred sources of health information. A generalised structural equation model (gSEM) was constructed a priori to assess the relationship between socioeconomic position and preconception health knowledge, and whether this relationship was mediated by preconception attitudes and behavioural intent.
Results
Preconception health knowledge, attitudes, and behavioural intent showed significant variation across the countries. Over half of the respondents reported having adequate preconception knowledge (50.3%), with the USA having the highest proportion of respondents with good knowledge (13.8%) and Malaysia having the highest proportion with poor knowledge (42.5%). In the pooled sample, physical health was considered the most important factor before pregnancy, followed by relationships and family. Clinic doctors were the most preferred source of information, followed by nurses and obstetricians/gynaecologists. The relationship between socioeconomic position and behavioural intent was partially mediated by preconception knowledge (4.3%), while the relationship between preconception knowledge and behavioural intent was fully mediated by a combination of preconception attitudes (73.1%).
Conclusion
Preconception health knowledge, attitudes, and behavioural intent differed across the five economically diverse countries. Pregnancy factors were prioritised differently across settings, likely reflecting disparities in culture, socioeconomic status, and healthcare access, with varying preferences for sources of preconception health information. These findings underscore the importance of designing tailored interventions that consider socioeconomic and cultural differences to enhance overall health outcomes.
Skin Lesion Classification and Detection Using Machine Learning in Dermatology
Authors: Tripathi Ashish , Alshehri Yara Mohammed , Arya Pradeep Kumar , Singh Rajnesh , Gupta Sunil , Sharma Aditi , Sharma Sunil 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Skin diseases, also known as dermatological conditions, are conditions that affect the skin. Factors such as changing lifestyles, environmental pollution, increased stress levels, and inadequate access to healthcare in certain regions can contribute to the growing incidence of skin disorders. The traditional approach of diagnosing skin disease may not always provide accurate results, and the process would be very time-consuming and costly and is not even feasible in multiple regions. The proposed model will assist and ensure an accurate diagnosis of the patient's skin condition. In the proposed method, different algorithms (ANN, CNN, SVM, RF) are implemented and stacked in search of achieving more accurate result. The model is trained in such a manner that the diagnosis can be done based on the visual inputs given by the patients. The model is developed and trained to diagnose and classify multiple skin diseases. The datasets used contain images for training and testing purposes. The results generated by all the models used depend on how well the model is trained.
Efficient Post-Quantum Digital Signature Schemes Using QC-MDPC
Authors: Niu Yongfeng , Lian Yuanyuan , Zhang Yizhuo , Yu Huiling 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

With the development of quantum computers and quantum attack algorithms, it is crucial to design digital signature algorithms that are resistant to quantum attacks. CFS scheme is one of the most popular code-based digital signature schemes today, but it suffers from the disadvantages of large keys and low signature efficiency. To solve these problems, this paper proposes two post-quantum digital signature schemes based on Quasi-Cyclic Medium Density Parity Check Code (QC-MDPC). Both schemes are characterized by small public key storage, low encryption and decryption complexity, and high security, which are of great significance in the field of cryptographic research against quantum attacks.
ML-Driven Optimal Design of Multispectral Instruments for the Characterization of Resident Space Objects
Authors: Naik Kedar , Wernersbach Andrew , Robinson Alexandra , Nilson Michelle , Wiemokly Gary , Tooth Matthew , Wright Raymond 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

The characterization of resident space objects (RSOs) has long been an important aspect of space domain awareness (SDA). Recently, spectral imagery has emerged as a viable sensing modality with the potential to enhance existing RSO-characterization capabilities, especially when used alongside machine-learning (ML) models. Deploying a spaceborne hyperspectral sensor, however, can increase size, weight, power, and cost (SWaP-C). On the other hand, multispectral sensors, which collect significantly fewer bands than hyperspectral sensors, are less complex to develop and deploy. This paper presents an optimization procedure that finds the minimal number of multispectral bands required for training high-performance ML classifiers. The optimization procedure was used to perform a design study for a notional SDA mission responsible for classifying three types of RSOs: active payloads, rocket bodies, and space debris. Simulated hyperspectral signatures of each class were generated and used to initialize the optimal-design procedure. These hyperspectral signatures consisted of 1,574 spectral bands. The procedure was able to design an optimized multispectral system with only five bands. Despite the 99.7% reduction in the number of spectral bands, the overall performance of the ML-driven RSO-classification models only decreased by 1.9%. This result suggests that future SDA missions may be able to replace hyperspectral sensors with bespoke multispectral ones while still meeting requirements related to RSO-characterization capability.
Utilization of Mahalanobis Distance on Motor Imagery EEG Channel Selection
Authors: Lee Seungjun 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

In this study, a Mahalanobis distance based common spatial pattern (CSP)model (MD-CSP) was proposed and its performance applied to brain-computer interface (BCI) and motor imagery EEG signal processing was evaluated. Since EEG signals are often affected by various noises and artifacts, this study suggests a method of using Mahalanobis distance to remove noise and select important EEG channels. The experiment was conducted using the BCI competition IV 2a dataset and compared with CSPRank, L1 Norm of CSP, SCSPrank, FBCSPRank, and E-CSP. As a result of the experiment, MD-CSP performed particularly well at low number of channels and recorded an average accuracy of 60% in the two-channel configuration, outperforming 30%-43% accuracy in established models. MD-CSP showed better accuracy compared to other existing methods and showed a particularly noticeable difference in performance for less than five channels. This study shows that MD-CSP is effective in channel selection and noise removal in BCI system and suggests the possibility of application to real-time portable BCI system in the future.
Modelling Behaviour in Uncertainty: A Simulation Study of Heads-Up Poker.
Authors: Chakraborty Sagnik , Sarkar Sourjya , Saha Sayan 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Modelling human behaviour in situations of incomplete information is a domain with significant implications for the development of AI, empirically understanding facets of psychology, decision theory, sociology, and economics. Due to the suitability of poker to the structure of this particular problem, this study employs the game to propose a model for human behaviour using a probability distribution over the array of possible decisions, incorporating parameters that reflect real characteristics: confidence(⍺), risk appetite(β), and bluff frequency. It uses different combinations of these parameters to run Monte-Carlo simulations of heads-up poker games to understand what makes a particular strategy successful. The simulations revealed that strategies with slightly higher confidence and higher risk appetite yielded the best results in situations closer to reality, while slight underconfidence and lower risk appetite fared better against an "ideal" opponent who has no biases. The proposed model offers a computationally efficient tool for deep learning-based poker AI, with applications in opponent modelling, behavioural economics, and agent-based modelling.
Blueprint conceptualization for a river basin's digital twin
Authors: Pal Debasish , Marttila Hannu , Ala-Aho Pertti , Lotsari Eliisa , Ronkanen Anna-Kaisa , Gonzales-Inca Carlos , Croghan Danny , Korppoo Marie , Kämäri Maria , Rooijen Erik van , Blåfield Linnea , Silander Jari , Baubekova Aziza , Bhattacharjee Joy , Haghighi Ali Torabi , Uvo Cintia Bertacchi , Kaartinen Harri , Rasti Mehdi , Klöve Björn , Alho Petteri 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT

To achieve a good ecological status of water resources, we are exploring new frontiers by envisioning river basin planning through the newly promoted digital twin perspective. In river basin management, a digital twin is an innovative virtual paradigm – a holistic living replica of the river basin achieved by seamless integration of real-time monitoring, historical observations, data analytics, predictive modeling, and high-performance computing within a framework of interoperable software and scalable hardware – leveraging nuanced understanding of complex environmental, social, and economic interactions, discerning uncertainties, and bridging critical knowledge gaps for progressive improvement in system understanding, optimization of operational efficiency, and continuous advancements in decision-making. This perspective paper lays the groundwork in transforming the futuristic vision of a river basin's digital twin into reality. The proposed blueprint outlines the processes for integrating digital twin components, creating dynamic replicas of river basin systems, and conducting virtual what-if analyses. Aligning with digital transformation, this work segments the river basin into distinct systems to effectively manage diverse objectives and ensure adaptability across various river basin types with spatiotemporal scalability. Supporting sustainable management, the digital twin holds immense potential to surpass existing decision-support systems through continuous bi-directional feedback loops with the river basin.
Advancing hydrological understanding in cold regions: development and application of the WEP model for lateral flow estimation in the Great Lakes Depression of Mongolia
Authors: Dorjsuren Batsuren , Yan Denghua , Yuheng Yang , Zemtsov Valery A. , Dong Ningpeng , Gao Hongkai , Shiikhar Dorjsembe , Zhou Hongfei , Demberel Otgonbayar 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT
In an era of rapid environmental change, accurately modeling aquatic ecosystems, particularly the lateral water flow through soil and permafrost, remains a pressing need. This study addresses this through the Water and Energy Transfer Process (WEP) model. The WEP model overcomes the limitations of previous models and plays a crucial role in estimating the lateral flow of groundwater in the basin. In this study, we use our new formula for calculating the lateral flow at the permafrost depth and the deep percolation formula to study the subsurface, over permafrost, and lateral water flows in the cold permafrost for 52 years (1970–2021). The model's application in Mongolia's Great Lakes basin, specifically the Khovd River-Khar-Us Lake basin, achieved Nash–Sutcliffe model efficiency (NSE) coefficients of 0.64–0.75. This suggests that the model is plausible and suitable for further research. Additionally, the model effectively captured soil temperature dynamics, with NSE coefficients ranging from 0.95 to 0.98 in the upper soil layer to 0.35–0.80 at a depth of 100 cm. These findings validate the model's ability to accurately account for lateral water flow above the permafrost layer in cold regions. Future work will extend these calculations to different conditions and basins.
A review on different disinfection processes and formation of disinfection by-products in drinking water
Authors: Rani Pooja , Kumar Ashutosh , Urmaliya Daya Nidhi , Madhav Sughosh 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT
Disinfection by-products (DBPs) have toxic consequences on the human health. Epidemiological studies have shown the association between cancer, organ damage, reduced red blood cell, low oxygen capacity and DBPs. The toxicity of these by-products are harmful for the human health. These DBPs are the outcome of using water disinfectants. Among these, chlorination is used widely for disinfecting water due to its higher removal and cost-effective efficiency. However, this method may induce various kinds of DBPs in water after its treatment. Disinfection through chlorine help in reducing various waterborne diseases. Moreover, ozonation as a pretreatment before chlorination was found to be more effective in the removal of DBPs like trihalomethane. It has become the widely used and popular method for disinfecting water. Whereas the ozonation of water containing bromide can lead to the formation of brominated DBPs, which contain some of the organic or inorganic by-products that are carcinogenic in nature. The kinetics of degradation and chlortoluron pathway during UV irradiation along with DBPs, as well as the formation of carbonaceous DBPs and nitrogenous DBPs, are also observed. Moreover, the oldest technique of water disinfection is thermal treatment. It deactivates the presence of harmful microorganisms in the water.
Description of the Don Kalmyks by the First Don Cossack Authors: аn Experiment in Critical Characterization
Authors:   Southern Federal University, Peretyatko Artem Yu. 
Published: February 2025

Introduction. The presented article is devoted to the complex reconstruction of the syncretic image of the Don Kalmyks formed in the synchronous narratives of Cossack historians and publicists. A systematic analysis of the previous historiographic tradition indicates that the considered range of regional sources has not been sufficiently used in the framework of scientific analysis, which determines favorable prospects for modern research practice that complements the previously obtained epistemological results. Materials and methods. The empirical material introduced into scientific circulation is reconstructed from the published works of E. N. Katelnikov and V. D. Sukhorukov, which are classical regional narratives, characterising the Don historical writing tradition of the 19th century. The methodological basis of the author’s analysis was rationalistic criticism, integrating subjective assessments of the proposed ethnographic concepts and textual deconstruction of specific information from the sources under consideration. In some cases, elements of microhistorical comparative studies were used, based on extra-source knowledge. Results and conclusions. The considered Cossack narratives lack a unified idea of the regional ethnographic space, and the terminological system is constructed in the context of individual research tasks. E. N. Katelnikov and V. D. Sukhorukov form original images of the Don Kalmyks, among whom there are both «neighboring enemies» as well as the lowest social stratum representatives. The Cossack authors clearly see the neighboring Kalmyks as an alien people, endowed with negative traits. This approach determines both the special significance of the presented narratives as synchronous sources characterizing the systemic attitude of the Don Cossacks to their closest neighbors, and the complete unsuitability of the author’s narratives for the ethnographic characterization of the ethnic group in question. The xenophobic texts by Cossack authors significantly influenced the socio-cultural presentation of the Don Kalmyks in the imperial worldview, creating a distorted picture of regional interaction. In the context of this circumstance, a modern researcher of the chosen problem should systematically consider synchronous narrative traditions, forming an objective image of the ethnic dialogue.
Atrapados en la conexión: Impacto de las redes sociales en el comportamiento procrastinador académico
Authors: Oré Choque Marina Kelibe , Delgado Asto Edwin César , Soto Loza Giuliana Edith , Roca Vásquez Karim Lorena , García Ramos Taryns Elizabeth , Navarro Guerra Belinda Marleni 
Published: February 2025

Este estudio tiene como objetivo analizar la correlación entre el uso de redes sociales y la procrastinación académica en estudiantes de pregrado de la Universidad Nacional "San Luis Gonzaga". Se trata de una investigación con enfoque cuantitativo, diseño no experimental, de nivel correlacional y de nivel correlacional básico. Se aplicó un cuestionario a una muestra de 372 estudiantes. Los resultados indican que todos los encuestados utilizan redes sociales en distintos grados, dependiendo del tiempo dedicado a la interacción en línea. La mayoría de los estudiantes demostró procrastinación académica. Se encontró una correlación sustancial entre el uso de las redes sociales y la procrastinación académica, determinada por un valor de Chi-cuadrado de Pearson de 55.345, superior valor crítico X2 critico de 16.92. Además, el valor de significancia obtenido fue 0.000, lo que indica una relación significativa entre ambas variables.
MEDIA TRANSFORMATION OF ALTERNATE UNIVERSE (AU) USING K-POP ARTISTS' VISUAL CLAIMS INTO NOVEL FORM
Authors: Wiratsih Woro , Wahyuni Aprilia Kristiana Tri 
Published: February 2025

Alternate Universe (AU) is a form of popular fiction that is much loved by today's young generation. In the AU form found on social media, the storyline is built not with narrative but with pictures containing chats between characters and also photos with visual claims of K-Pop idols. The tendency of the younger generation who are also K-Pop fans is currently to prefer reading AU in the form of fanfiction which presents light plots and conflicts with visual claims using more interesting K-Pop group idols. However, in its development, a debate emerged that the AU could not be considered a work of fiction because it did not have narratives that build a storyline from the conflict raised like a literary work such as a novel. This research uses a virtual ethnographic method where researchers conducted interviews with 7 AU writers to find out the process of transferring media from fictional stories from pictures containing conversations to short messages or uploading stories on social media with visual claims using the faces of K-Pop idols into works. fiction in the form of a novel. This data was used to determine the obstacles in creating narratives in novels based on their AU works. Apart from that, direct observations were also carried out by comparing AU works and novels from the author's titles to find out how descriptions were developed in narrative form and sentence formation in paragraphs in the novel. This research aims to explain the process of converting AU's work into a complete novel. From these interviews and comparing the AU form with the novel form, it was found that there was a change in the storyline, especially in the development of conflict because AU works were felt to be lighter and often the conflict was not strong enough to be written in a work of fiction in the form of a novel. Apart from that, there are also several novels that still include pictures containing typical AU short messages in the novel because they feel that these scenes are difficult to turn into narratives. There were many parts that ended up being replaced and changed to create a complete novel.

Keywords: Alternate universe, novel, media transformation AU to novel, narration, visual claim.
Teaching students to recognize and deal with Situations of Uncertainty at uncontrolled crossings
Authors: Troisi Jolene , Sauerburger Dona 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
A significant aspect of Orientation and Mobility is teaching travellers with visual impairments systematic methods to access their environment and evolving these methods to match the complexity of the world around us. At crossings where there is no traffic signal or stop sign, there are increasingly many situations where it is no longer best practice to assume it is clear to cross when quiet, or simply re-route and avoid. This article explains a step-by-step method O&M specialists can use for teaching travellers with visual impairments how to determine if a crossing is a “Situation of Uncertainty” or a “Situation of Confidence” by helping them develop an intuitive understanding of their own crossing time; learn to intuitively and accurately compare their crossing time with the warning time of approaching vehicles; and judge whether or not they can be confident that it is clear to cross whenever it is quiet in that situation. Following this, the article discusses a method that learners can use to determine the level of risk at any given crossing so they can decide if the level of risk is acceptable or unacceptable to them.