bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characterization of Chemokines and Adhesion Molecules Associated with T cell Presence in Tertiary Lymphoid Structures in Human Lung Cancer
Authors: de Chaisemartin Luc , Goc Jérémy , Damotte Diane , Validire Pierre , Magdeleinat Pierre , Alifano Marco , Cremer Isabelle , Fridman Wolf-Herman , Sautès-Fridman Catherine , Dieu-Nosjean Marie-Caroline 
Published: September 2011

Abstract
De novo formation of tertiary lymphoid structures (TLS) has been described in lung cancers. Intratumoral TLS seem to be functional and are associated with a long-term survival for lung cancer patients, suggesting that they represent an activation site for tumor-specific T cells. Here, we characterized T-cell recruitment to TLS in human lung cancer to identify the adhesion molecules and chemoattractants orchestrating this migration. We found that most TLS T cells were CD62L+ and mainly of CD4+ memory phenotype, but naive T cells were highly enriched in these structures as compared with the rest of the tumor. A specific gene expression signature associated with T cell presence was identified in TLS, which included chemokines (CCL19, CCL21, CXCL13, CCL17, CCL22, and IL16), adhesion molecules (ICAM-2, ICAM-3, VCAM-1, and MAdCAM-1) and integrins (alphaL, alpha4, and alphaD). The presence of the corresponding receptors on TLS T cells was confirmed. Intratumoral PNAd+ high endothelial venules also were exclusively associated with TLS and colocalized with CD62L+ lymphocytes. Together, these data bring new insights into the T-cell recruitment to intratumoral TLS and suggest that blood T cell enter into TLS via high endothelial venules, which represent a new gateway for T cells to the tumor. Findings identify the molecules that mediate migration of tumor-specific T cells into TLS where T cell priming occurs, suggesting new strategies to enhance the efficacy of cancer immunotherapies. Cancer Res; 71(20); 6391–9. ©2011 AACR.
IRF-1 Expression Is Essential for Natural Killer Cells to Suppress Metastasis
Authors: Ksienzyk Antje , Neumann Berit , Nandakumar Ramya , Finsterbusch Katja , Grashoff Martina , Zawatzky Rainer , Bernhardt Günter , Hauser Hansjörg , Kröger Andrea 
Published: September 2011

AbstractIFN-γ promotes tumoral immune surveillance, but its involvement in controlling metastases is less clear. Using a mouse model of pulmonary metastases, we show that local IFN-γ treatment inhibits formation of metastases through its regulation of IRF-1 in tumor cells. IRF-1 is an IFN-γ–induced transcription factor pivotal in the regulation of infection and inflammation. IRF-1 blockade abolished the inhibitory effect of IFN-γ on tumor metastases, whereas ectopic expression of IRF-1 phenocopied the inhibitory effects of IFN-γ. IRF-1 did not affect the survival of tumor cells in the circulation or their infiltration into lungs, but it was essential to support the pulmonary attraction and activation of natural killer (NK) cells. Depleting NK cells from mice abolished the protective effect of IFN-γ or IRF-1 on metastases. In addition, cytotoxicity assays revealed that tumor cells expressing IRF-1 were targeted more effectively by NK cells than IRF-1 nonexpressing tumor cells. Moreover, NK cells isolated from lungs inoculated with IRF-1–expressing tumor cells exhibit a greater cytotoxic activity. Mechanistic investigations revealed that IRF-1–induced NK cell cytotoxicity was independent of perforin and granzyme B but dependent on the NK cell activating receptor DNAM-1. Taken together, our findings establish IRF-1 as an essential mediator of the cross-talk between tumor cells and NK cells that mediate immune surveillance in the metastatic niche. Cancer Res; 71(20); 6410–8. ©2011 AACR.
High Visfatin Expression in Breast Cancer Tissue Is Associated with Poor Survival
Authors: Lee Yi-Chen , Yang Yi-Hsin , Su Jinu-Huang , Chang Hsueh-Ling , Hou Ming-Feng , Yuan Shyng-Shiou F. 
Published: September 2011

Abstract
Background: Adipocytokines, adipocyte-secreted hormones, play a critical role in breast cancer development. The expression of visfatin, a newly discovered adipocytokine, in breast cancer tissues was determined and correlated with patient clinicopathologic variables.
Methods: Visfatin expression in breast cancer tissues was analyzed by immunohistochemistry. Visfatin expression was correlated with clinicopathologic variables as well as recurrence rates, using the χ2 test. The prognostic value of visfatin for disease-free and overall survival was evaluated by Kaplan–Meier estimates, and the significance of differences between curves was evaluated by the log-rank test.
Results: High visfatin expression in breast cancer tissues was significantly correlated with tumor size, estrogen receptor (ER) negativity, and progesterone receptor (PR) negativity. Hormone therapy, but not radiotherapy or chemotherapy, decreased the recurrence rate in patients with high visfatin expression. Whereas high visfatin expression alone was associated with poor disease-free and overall survival, worse disease-free and overall survival was observed when high visfatin expression was combined with ER- and PR-negative status. Cox regression analysis also revealed that visfatin is an independent predictor of disease-free and overall survival.
Conclusion: High visfatin expression in breast cancer tissue is associated with more malignant cancer behavior as well as poor patient survival.
Impact: Visfatin is an independent prognosis predictor for breast cancer. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 20(9); 1892–901. ©2011 AACR.
Differential role of monocyte subsets in atherosclerosis
Authors: Hristov Mihail , Weber Christian 
Published: September 2011

SummaryEndothelial dysfunction and inflammation of the arterial wall continuously drive the development of atherosclerosis. Details regarding the sequential involvement of different monocyte subsets in the pathology of this disease have recently emerged. This review concentrates on major monocyte subpopulations in mouse and men and specifically addresses their phenotype, function and recruitment during primary atherosclerosis as well as their contribution to angiogenesis and tissue regeneration secondary to plaque rupture.
The Relationship Between Serum Markers of Collagen Turnover and Cardiovascular Outcome in the Elderly
Authors: Barasch Eddy , Gottdiener John S. , Aurigemma Gerard , Kitzman Dalane W. , Han Jing , Kop Willem J. , Tracy Russell P. 
Published: September 2011

Background—
The deposition of collagen fibrils in the myocardial extracellular matrix increases with age and plays a key role in the pathophysiology of heart failure (HF). We sought to determine the predictive value of serum markers of collagen turnover for incident HF and cardiovascular (CV) morbidity, mortality, and all-cause mortality in elderly individuals.

Methods and Results—
In 880 participants in the Cardiovascular Health Study (mean age, 77±6 years; 48% women), serum levels of carboxyl-terminal peptide of procollagen type I (PIP), carboxyl-terminal telopeptide of collagen type I (CITP), and amino-terminal peptide of procollagen type III (PIIINP) were measured in 4 groups: HF with reduced ejection fraction (HFREF; n=146, EF <55%); HF with preserved EF (HFPEF; n=175, EF ≥55%), control subjects with CV risk factors but not HF (CVD; n=280), and healthy control subjects free of CV disease (n=279). Relationships between these serum markers and outcome at follow-up of 12±4 years (range, 3–17 years) was determined in six models including those adjusted for conventional risk factors, renal function, NT-proBNP and agents which interfere with collagen synthesis. For the entire cohort, in unadjusted and adjusted models, both PIIINP and CITP were associated with myocardial infarction, incident HF, hospitalization for HF, cardiovascular and all-cause mortality. In healthy control subjects, CITP and PIIINP were associated with all-cause death. In control subjects with risk factors, CITP was associated with incident HF, and in participants with HFPEF, CITP was associated with hospitalization for HF. No collagen biomarker was associated with outcome in participants with HFREF, and PIP was not associated with outcome in the cohort or its subgroups.

Conclusions—
In both healthy and elderly individuals with CV disease at risk of developing HF, CITP and PIIINP are significantly associated with multiple adverse cardiac outcomes including myocardial infarction, HF, and death.

Clinical Trial Registration—

URL:
http://www.clinicaltrials.gov
. Unique identifier: NCT00005133.
Integration of Lidar Data into a Coupled Mesoscale–Land Surface Model: A Theoretical Assessment of Sensitivity of Urban–Coastal Mesoscale Circulations to Urban Canopy Parameters
Authors: Carter Michael , Shepherd J. Marshall , Burian Steve , Jeyachandran Indu 
Published: September 2011

Abstract
Urban–coastal circulations affect urban weather, dispersion and transport of pollutants and contaminants, and climate. Proper characterization and prediction of thermodynamic and dynamic processes in such environments are warranted. A new generation of observation and modeling systems is enabling unprecedented characterization of the three-dimensionality of the urban environment, including morphological parameters. Urban areas of Houston, Texas, are classified according to lidar-measured building heights and assigned typical urban land surface parameters appropriate to each classification. The lidar data were degraded from 1 m to the model resolution (1 km) with the goal of evaluating the impact of degraded resolution urban canopy parameters (UCPs) and three-dimensionality on the coastal–urban mesoscale circulations in comparison to typical two-dimensional urban slab approaches. The study revealed complex interactions between the sea breeze and urban heat island and offers a novel diagnostic tool, the bulk Richardson shear number, for identifying shallow mesoscale circulation.
Using the Advanced Research Weather Research and Forecasting model (ARW-WRF) coupled to an atmosphere–land surface–urban canopy model, the authors simulated a theoretical sea-breeze day and confirmed that while coastal morphology can itself lead to complex sea-breeze front structures, including preferred areas of vertical motion, the urban environment can have an impact on the evolution of the sea-breeze mesoscale boundary. The inclusion of lidar-derived UCPs, even at degraded resolution, in the model’s land surface representation can lead to significant differences in patterns of skin surface temperature, convergence, and vertical motion, which have implications for many aspects of urban weather.
Influence of the Valley Surroundings on Valley Wind Dynamics
Authors: Schmidli Juerg , Rotunno Richard 
Published: September 2011

Abstract
In a recent study, the authors investigated the mechanisms leading to the formation of diurnal along-valley winds in a valley formed by two isolated mountain ridges on a horizontal plain. The main focus was on the relation between the valley heat budget and the valley–plain pressure difference. The present work investigates the influence of the valley surroundings on the evolution of the valley winds. Three valley–plain configurations with identical valley volumes are studied: a periodic valley, an isolated valley on a plain (the former case), and an isolated valley entrenched in an elevated plateau. According to the valley volume argument (topographic amplification factor), these three cases should develop identical temperature perturbations and thus similar along-valley winds. However, substantial differences are found between the three cases, in particular a much stronger daytime up-valley wind and nighttime down-valley wind for the plateau configuration. The analysis demonstrates the importance of the exchange of along-valley momentum between the valley atmosphere and its surroundings and of the upper-level pressure gradient in explaining the differences among the cases. Furthermore, differences in the upper-level pressure gradient are shown to be related to the heat exchange of the air above the valley atmosphere with the surroundings, which is related to larger-scale cross-valley circulations.
Nonlinear Baroclinic Equilibration in the Presence of Ekman Friction
Authors: Willcocks B. T. , Esler J. G. 
Published: September 2011

Abstract
Two theories for the nonlinear equilibration of baroclinic waves in a two-layer fluid in a β channel are tested by comparison with high-resolution numerical simulations. Predictions are tested for a range of parameters (β, κ), where the inverse criticality β measures the degree of instability and the quasigeostrophic Ekman number κ measures the strength of Ekman friction. The first theory, from Warn, Gauthier, and Pedlosky (WGP), is formally valid for marginally unstable waves at κ = 0. The second, from Romea, is formally valid for nonzero κ and for waves that are marginally stable with respect to a different criterion, which enters because of the dissipative destabilization of otherwise stable waves by Ekman friction. The predictions of the two theories are in conflict in the limit κ → 0. When κ is slightly greater than zero, it is found that the WGP accurately predicts the maximum wave amplitude attained during a baroclinic life cycle across a significant range of parameter space. By contrast, accurate predictions of the long-time asymptotic wave amplitude are obtained only from Romea’s theory, even for those cases where WGP describes the initial behavior during the life cycle accurately. The results first indicate the importance of understanding the nonlinear equilibration mechanism of dissipatively destabilized waves. Second, it follows that baroclinic adjustment theories formulated from inviscid and frictionless stability criterion make demonstrably incorrect predictions for the equilibrated state, even in the limit of vanishing Ekman friction.
A Revised Scheme for the WRF Surface Layer Formulation
Authors: Jiménez Pedro A. , Dudhia Jimy , González-Rouco J. Fidel , Navarro Jorge , Montávez Juan P. , García-Bustamante Elena 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThis study summarizes the revision performed on the surface layer formulation of the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model. A first set of modifications are introduced to provide more suitable similarity functions to simulate the surface layer evolution under strong stable/unstable conditions. A second set of changes are incorporated to reduce or suppress the limits that are imposed on certain variables in order to avoid undesired effects (e.g., a lower limit in u*). The changes introduced lead to a more consistent surface layer formulation that covers the full range of atmospheric stabilities. The turbulent fluxes are more (less) efficient during the day (night) in the revised scheme and produce a sharper afternoon transition that shows the largest impacts in the planetary boundary layer meteorological variables. The most important impacts in the near-surface diagnostic variables are analyzed and compared with observations from a mesoscale network.
A Psychoneuroimmunologic Examination of Cumulative Perinatal Steroid Exposures and Preterm Infant Behavioral Follow-Up
Authors: Purdy Isabell B. , Smith Lynne , Wiley Dorothy , Badr Lina 
Published: September 2011

Purpose: This study’s aim was to explore relationships between preterm infant behavioral outcomes and maternal/infant glucocorticoid (dexamethasone [DEX]) treatments using a psychoneuroimmunologic approach. Research questions were (a) do relationships exist between infant cumulative perinatal steroid (PNS) exposure and child behavioral problems? and (b) do maternal/infant characteristics (e.g., immune markers and biophysiologic stressors) influence these relationships? Methods: The convenience sample comprised 45 mother–child dyads in which the children (mean age 8 years ± 2.3) had been born at a mean postconceptional age of 28 weeks (± 4.2). We used the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) to assess behavior, the Clinical Risk Index for Babies (CRIB) to score stress at birth, and retrospective record review to identify additional perinatal factors (PNS dosage, sepsis, and maternal and infant complete blood counts near delivery). Results: Children were dichotomized into high (> 0.2mg/kg; n = 20) versus low–no (≤0.2 mg/kg; n = 25) PNS exposure groups. Significant relationships existed between CBCL Total Problems score and sepsis, PNS exposure, timing of initial PNS, and infant length percentile at discharge. Competence problems were significantly associated with PNS, neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) infant length percentile, CRIB score, sepsis, retinopathy of prematurity, hearing deficit, and immunity markers (i.e., maternal lymphocyte percentage and infant band/seg ratio). Children in the higher PNS group exhibited more behavioral problems (e.g., withdrawn, attention, conduct, social, and rule breaking problems), but there were no significant differences. The findings are reassuring regarding long-term effects of this PNS dose on preterm infant behavioral outcomes.
‘You’ve got to keep account of heads all the time’: staff perceptions of caring for people with dementia
Authors: Stockwell-Smith Gillian , Jones Cindy , Moyle Wendy 
Published: September 2011

Research aim: Little is known regarding the pressures of working within dementia care units, as the majority of literature has focused broadly on long-term care rather than the provision of specialised dementia care. This study aimed to explore the perceptions of staff in relation to their capacity to manage behaviour and care needs of people with dementia living within the dementia-specific environment. Individual interviews were conducted with 35 care staff from three dementia care units in Brisbane, Australia. Major findings: Four themes were identified: role definition, relationships, workplace environment, and workforce issues. Although the findings highlight the importance of peer support for staff when managing difficult situations, questions regarding the quality of peer support and its impact on care provision were raised. Conclusions: Dementia units are complex systems with well-motivated and educated staff contributing to the effectiveness of the care. An understanding of care staff, perceptions of their role and its effects on care practices can help to identify appropriate support structures and training strategies, thereby improving job satisfaction for staff and quality of life for the residents with dementia.
BMP activity controlled by BMPER regulates the proinflammatory phenotype of endothelium
Authors: Helbing Thomas , Rothweiler René , Ketterer Elena , Goetz Lena , Heinke Jennifer , Grundmann Sebastian , Duerschmied Daniel , Patterson Cam , Bode Christoph , Moser Martin 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThe endothelium plays a pivotal role in vascular inflammation. Here we study bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling in endothelial inflammation and in particular the role of BMPER, an extracellular BMP modulator that is important in vascular development and angiogenesis. Using the BMP antagonist dorsomorphin or BMP2 as an agonist we show that BMP signaling is essential for the inflammatory response of vascular endothelial cells as demonstrated by intravital microscopy. We found that BMPER is decreased in inflammation similar to vascular protective genes like KLF2 and eNOS. Using in vitro and in vivo models we show that BMPER is down-regulated through the TNFα-NFκB-KLF2 signaling pathway. Functionally, lack of BMPER induced by siRNA or in BMPER+/− mice confers a proinflammatory endothelial phenotype with reduced eNOS levels and enhanced expression of adhesion molecules leading to increased leukocyte adhesion and extravasation in ex vivo and in vivo experiments. Vice versa, addition of BMPER exerts endothelium protective functions and antagonizes TNFα induced inflammation. Mechanistically, we demonstrate that these effects of BMPER are dependent on BMP signaling because of enhanced NFκB activity. In conclusion, the BMP modulator BMPER is a new protective regulator of vascular inflammation that modulates leukocyte adhesion and migration in vitro and in vivo.
The impact of Fc-γ receptor polymorphisms in elderly patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma treated with CHOP with or without rituximab
Authors: Ahlgrimm Manfred , Pfreundschuh Michael , Kreuz Markus , Regitz Evi , Preuss Klaus-Dieter , Bittenbring Joerg 
Published: September 2011

Abstract
Fcγ receptor (FcγR) polymorphisms have been shown to affect rituximab-mediated antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity. Of 512 patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma treated in the RICOVER-60 trial, carriers of FcγRIII 158 valine homozygous receptors (V/V) presented with a slightly decreased incidence of B-symptoms (158 V/V: 26%, V/F: 35%, phenylalanine receptors [F/F]: 42%; P = .037). Survival curves of all FcγR single nucleotide polymorphisms were superimposable after cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone (CHOP); but after CHOP with rituximab (R-CHOP), event-free survival (EFS) and progression-free survival (PFS), but not overall survival, of FcγRIIIa 158 F/F had a trend to be lower than those of 158 V/F and 158 V/V: 3-year EFS: FcγRIIIa 158 F/F: 64.5%, 158 V/F: 70.2%, 158 V/V: 76.9% (log-rank test: P = .224 F/F vs V/V; P = .285 F/F vs V/F + V/V); 3-year PFS: FcγRIIIa 158 F/F: 68.3%, V/F: 76.1%, V/V: 80.5% (log-rank test: P = .233 for F/F vs V/V; P = .185 for F/F vs V/F + V/V). By multivariate analysis adjusting for International Prognostic Index factors, relative risk of F/F compared with V/F plus V/V was 1.80 (P = .052) for PFS and 1.55 (P = .120) for EFS. The interaction of R-CHOP, but not CHOP with FcγRIIIa polymorphisms, indicates a window of opportunity for CD20 antibodies designed to mediate enhanced antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity.
ETV6-RUNX1 promotes survival of early B lineage progenitor cells via a dysregulated erythropoietin receptor
Authors: Torrano Veronica , Procter Julia , Cardus Penny , Greaves Mel , Ford Anthony M. 
Published: September 2011

Abstract
ETV6-RUNX1 gene fusion is usually an early, prenatal event in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Transformation results in the generation of a persistent (> 14 years) preleukemic clone, which postnatally converts to ALL after the acquisition of necessary secondary genetic alterations. Many cancer cells show some expression of the erythropoietin receptor (EPOR) gene, although the “functionality” of any EPOR complexes and their relevant signaling pathways in nonerythroid cells has not been validated. EPOR mRNA is selectively and ectopically expressed in ETV6-RUNX1+ ALL, but the presence of a functional EPOR on the cell surface and its role in leukemogenesis driven by ETV6-RUNX1 remains to be identified. Here, we show that ETV6-RUNX1 directly binds the EPOR promoter and that expression of ETV6-RUNX1 alone in normal pre-B cells is sufficient to activate EPOR transcription. We further reveal that murine and human ETV6-RUNX1+ cells expressing EPOR mRNA have EPO ligand binding activity that correlates with an increased cell survival through activation of the JAK2-STAT5 pathway and up-regulation of antiapoptotic BCL-XL. These data support the contention that ETV6-RUNX1 directly activates ectopic expression of a functional EPOR and provides cell survival signals that may contribute critically to persistence of covert premalignant clones in children.