bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fiscal Projections and Debt Sustainability in Japan
Authors: Katagiri Mitsuru , Koeda Junko , Miyamoto Hiroaki , Nirei Makoto , Unayama Takashi 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTJapan's government debt, currently at approximately 250% of GDP, is the highest among the advanced economies and raises significant concerns about fiscal sustainability. This paper employs debt sustainability analysis to assess Japan's long‐term fiscal sustainability given a backdrop of rising inflation and potential increases in interest rates because of the normalization of monetary policy. Our baseline scenario projects a persistent primary deficit leading to a divergent debt‐to‐GDP trajectory, underscoring the need for some fiscal adjustments.
Standards in wildlife forensic science, with a focus on non‐human DNA analysis
Authors: Frankham Greta J. , Ogden Rob , Baker Barry W. , Ewart Kyle M. , Johnson Rebecca N. , Kuiper Irene , Lindquist Christina D. , Moore M. Katherine , Ndiaye Arame , Webster Lucy M. I. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractFor genetic data to be used in forensic casework, it has to be produced within a controlled environment that follows strict quality standards. However, recent reviews have suggested that wildlife forensic laboratories are behind in the development and adherence to appropriate standards for casework. This paper will address these concerns by documenting the standards that have been produced, highlighting the systems of assessment and competency testing available, and reviewing the status of validated reference genetic databases. Networks of dedicated wildlife forensic scientists across the globe, represented in part by the author list for this paper, illustrate the strides taken to build capacity in this field, and an ongoing commitment to present quality wildlife forensic evidence in court.
A Case of Sweet's Syndrome Presenting With Tongue Ulcerations
Authors: Pawlik Olga , Cowan Timothy , Miller Andrew 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTWe describe the case of an 87‐year‐old woman who developed Sweet's syndrome with atypical mucosal involvement following a post‐operative wound infection. The disease manifestations included two large, ulcerated plaques on both sides of the tongue as well as cutaneous lesions. Her lesions resolved promptly with oral prednisolone.
Online semiparametric regression via sequential Monte Carlo
Authors: Menictas Marianne , Oates Chris J. , Wand Matt P. 
Published: February 2025

SummaryWe develop and describe online algorithms for performing online semiparametric regression analyses. Earlier work on this topic is by Luts, Broderick and Wand (2014), Journal of Computational and Graphical Statististics, 23, 589–615, where online mean‐field variational Bayes (MFVB) was employed. In this article we instead develop sequential Monte Carlo approaches to circumvent well‐known inaccuracies inherent in variational approaches. For Gaussian response semiparametric regression models, our new algorithms share the online MFVB property of only requiring updating and storage of sufficient statistics quantities of streaming data. In the non‐Gaussian case, accurate online semiparametric regression requires the full data to be kept in storage. The new algorithms allow for new options concerning accuracy–speed trade‐offs for online semiparametric regression.
Peritoneal Dialysis in Patients Supported by Left Ventricular Assist Device
Authors: Darbaidze Zurab , Schmack Bastian , Dogan Günes , Merzah Ali Saad , Gabriel Maria M. , Görler Adelheid , Popov Aron‐Frederik , Weymann Alexander , Ruhparwar Arjang , Schmitto Jan D. , Hanke Jasmin S. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTIntroductionTerminal heart failure is often associated with end‐stage kidney disease. Due to advantages concerning patient independence, peritoneal dialysis (PD) is an alternative to conventional hemodialysis treatment. As left ventricular assist device implantations continuously increase, data on combined PD and LVAD is rare. We present the first and largest cohort study on this exclusive patient cohort.MethodsA retrospective study was conducted on patients who underwent LVAD implantation at a high‐volume heart failure center from 2000 to 2024. Adverse events were analyzed according to the INTERMACS classification.ResultsA total of nine patients were identified as undergoing PD on LVAD therapy. Mean age at the time of LVAD implantation was 67 years. Main cause of kidney disease was cardio‐renal syndrome (67%). In all patients, PD therapy was established before LVAD implantation. Mean time on PD before LVAD implantation was 72 months. None of the patients were weaned from dialysis nor were converted to conventional dialysis. Four patients experienced driveline infection. Three patients suffered an infection of their PD catheter. A combination of PD and DL infection was detected in two cases. None of these infections were associated with the same pathogens. Mean survival after LVAD + PD was 56.5 months.ConclusionPeritoneal dialysis has advantages over hemodialysis including fewer bloodstream infections, fewer hemodynamic shifts, and the comfort of the ambulant setting. This study illustrates that PD in LVAD patients is feasible and long‐term support up to several years is achievable without major complications.
Severe Neonatal Morbidity Across Gestational Age: Monitoring Infants at High Risk of Mortality
Authors: Razaz Neda , Bolk Jenny , Graham Hillary , Tsamantioti Eleni , Johansson Kari , Persson Martina , Norman Mikael 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTAimThis study aimed to quantify temporal trends in severe neonatal morbidity (SNM) and examine its association with neonatal mortality, stratified by gestational age.MethodsThis study included all live births in Sweden from 2007 to 2021. SNM types and subtypes were identified based on diagnoses and procedure codes for births ≥ 22 weeks' gestation, including complications within 27 days. Rates were calculated by gestational age, and temporal changes were assessed using rate ratios (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Adjusted relative risks (aRR) of neonatal death were also estimated.ResultsFrom 2007 to 2021, 47,048 (2.8%) cases of SNM were identified, rising from 2.2% in 2007 to 3.6% in 2021, mainly due to increased resuscitation/mechanical ventilation rates across all gestational ages. Infections rose among infants born at ≥ 37 weeks (0.59% in 2007–2011 to 0.77% in 2017–2021, RR 1.30, 95% CI, 1.24–1.37), but declined in those born at 22–31 weeks. Neurological morbidity, especially seizures, slightly increased in term and moderately preterm infants. Except for infants born at 22–27 weeks, neonatal mortality risks among infants with SNM were higher in infants with greater gestational ages.ConclusionDespite advances in neonatal care, SNM prevalence in Sweden increased from 2007 to 2021 across all gestational ages.
Confucian reflections on the new reproductive model of ROPA
Authors: Ma Yonghui , Chen Hua , Muyskens Kathryn 
Published: February 2025

AbstractSome countries are legalizing same‐sex marriage and assisted reproductive technologies (ART) for homosexual couples. One unique form of ART, ROPA (Reception of Oocytes from Partner), recently stirred up controversy in China, when a custody dispute between a female same‐sex couple who used ROPA brought this reproductive model into the public eye. Some Western scholars have argued for the legitimacy of ROPA from the perspective of autonomy and reproductive rights. Yet, these arguments do not easily translate into all cultural contexts, as this case will show. There is a need to articulate the ethical considerations of such technologies in light of local philosophical traditions. To that end, this paper will explore the permissibility of ROPA from a Confucian lens, exploring Confucian perspectives on naturalness, filial piety, family and social harmony. Accordingly, we hope to further the discussion of cross‐cultural bioethics.
Preteens social media use: Parents' and children's perceptions of what mediation approaches are used and why
Authors: Rose Sarah E. , Middling Louise R. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractMany preteens are using social media, despite most platforms having an age requirement of 13‐year‐old. Little is known about how these young users and their parents balance out the opportunities and potential risks of their social media use. To address this gap in our understanding we interviewed nine children (aged 9–12) together with one of their parents to address two research questions: (1) ‘What strategies are used to mediate social media use among preteens?’ (2) ‘What are parents and children's reflections of why different strategies are chosen?’ The findings identify a broader range of mediation strategies than previously discussed in the literature, challenge research suggesting that parents have a typical mediation approach and give new insight into children's role in co‐constructing how the mediation strategies are used. This has implications for future policies, interventions and research into the effectiveness of different mediation approaches.
Friends in Pixels as Motivation to Contribute to Community Innovation Initiatives
Authors: Orelj Ana , Torfason Magnus Thor , Bogers Marcel L. A. M. , Wikhamn Björn Remneland 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTGamification and video games share more than just a name; they both rely on psychological foundations to create engaging challenges that interest and motivate their users. Consequently, there are still numerous opportunities for cross‐pollination in design, management, treatment of users and so forth. Video games that achieve long‐term success rely on game structures that support community building, but within gamification, this aspect has been less emphasized. This paper draws on a case study of the company CCP Games and the community surrounding their game, EVE Online. By utilizing grounded theory, we examined the evolution of gamers' contributions and motivations. This analysis led to a conceptual model that reveals the stages of a player's development within both the game and its community. Unique insights into the community were gathered from semistructured interviews with lead users, supported by secondary data. This paper contributes to community innovation, gaming and gamification literatures by highlighting how approaches to motivation within innovative gaming communities can be beneficial for gamification. It also has practical implications, as a better understanding of community members and their needs can lead to improved innovation and co‐creation processes in gaming and non‐gaming contexts.
Negation in First Language Acquisition: Universal or Language‐Specific?
Authors: Çabuk‐Ballı Sakine , Mazara Jekaterina , Küntay Aylin C. , Hellwig Birgit , Pfeiler Barbara B. , Widmer Paul , Stoll Sabine 
Published: February 2025

AbstractNegation is a cornerstone of human language and one of the few universals found in all languages. Without negation, neither categorization nor efficient communication would be possible. Languages, however, differ remarkably in how they express negation. It is yet widely unknown how the way negation is marked influences the acquisition process of first language learners. Here, we investigate whether universal or language‐specific cues are more relevant for the acquisition process. We test to what extent frequency and salience features (morphosyntactic boundedness, position of the negation marker, allomorphy) influence the acquisition of negation. We use naturalistic longitudinal data from 17 children (age 24–36 months) learning nine typologically maximally diverse languages spoken in very diverse cultural contexts ranging from western urban to subsistence farming: Chintang, English, Indonesian, Japanese, Qaqet, Russian, Sesotho, Turkish, and Yucatec Mayan. Distributional analyses show that the amount and type of input of negation that children hear vary considerably across cultures. Despite significant differences in the input that children receive, we observe a universal pattern in the acquisition of negation: Children transition from relatively easy and salient free negators to less salient bound negator morphemes in their use of negation. Our results show that frequency and morphosyntactic boundedness explain the development of flexibility in the acquisition of negation across all of the nine languages. We further find that the developmental path is shaped by the interaction between frequency and language‐specific parameters of salience that are contingent on grammatical features of negation marking in different languages, such as the position of the negation marker and allomorphic variation. Our language‐specific findings highlight cross‐linguistic variation, which reflects cross‐cultural differences in the amount of input of negative utterances children receive. Taken together, this study provides cross‐linguistic evidence for the acquisition of negation and emphasizes the interplay of universal and language‐specific factors in the acquisition process.
Opening Social Interactions: The Coordination of Approach, Gaze, Speech, and Handshakes During Greetings
Authors: Tilston Ottilie , Holler Judith , Bangerter Adrian 
Published: February 2025

AbstractDespite the importance of greetings for opening social interactions, their multimodal coordination processes remain poorly understood. We used a naturalistic, lab‐based setup where pairs of unacquainted participants approached and greeted each other while unaware their greeting behavior was studied. We measured the prevalence and time course of multimodal behaviors potentially culminating in a handshake, including motor behaviors (e.g., walking, standing up, hand movements like raise, grasp, and retraction), gaze patterns (using eye tracking glasses), and speech (close and distant verbal salutations). We further manipulated the visibility of partners’ eyes to test its effect on gaze. Our findings reveal that gaze to a partner's face increases over the course of a greeting, but is partly averted during approach and is influenced by the visibility of partners’ eyes. Gaze helps coordinate handshakes, by signaling intent and guiding the grasp. The timing of adjacency pairs in verbal salutations is comparable to the precision of floor transitions in the main body of conversations, and varies according to greeting phase, with distant salutation pair parts featuring more gaps and close salutation pair parts featuring more overlap. Gender composition and a range of multimodal behaviors affect whether pairs chose to shake hands or not. These findings fill several gaps in our understanding of greetings and provide avenues for future research, including advancements in social robotics and human−robot interaction.
Corporate Governance Reporting, Disclosures, Monitoring, and Decision‐Making: The Role of Big Data Analytics and Technological Tools
Authors: Karamatzanis Georgios , Tilba Anna , Nikolopoulos Konstantinos 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTResearch QuestionUsing the lens of agency theory, this study seeks to reveal novel qualitative insights on how different governance actors use big data analytics (BDA) and technological tools for governance purposes. It also investigates whether there are any differences in the use of BDA and technological tools between management and the board of directors (BoDs) and whether there are any barriers to adopting new technological tools at the board and managerial levels.Research FindingsBased on insights from 40 interviews with senior executives at the board and managerial levels across multiple geographical contexts, we reveal three key findings. First, different perspectives exist on using BDA and technological tools to enhance governance between the BoDs and management. This can lead to conflicts if the BoDs receives information from these tools that management has not shared, which further exacerbates the information asymmetry and the agency problem. Second, our findings suggest a paradox where, on the one hand, excessive use of BDA may allow managers to manipulate data or present biased reports. On the other hand, BDA use can simultaneously enable more informed decisions at the board level, even with unclear data. Lastly, we also develop a typology of factors that underpin the use of BDA at the board and managerial levels.Theoretical ImplicationsThis study's insights deepen the conversation on the use of BDA and technological tools by providing a conceptual framework of a typology of the benefits and barriers to using BDA at both the board and managerial levels. Second, our findings reveal that some of the traditional agency assumptions of board effective monitoring may be more assumed than demonstrated when it comes to effective uses of BDA and new technology.Policy ImplicationsOur study suggests that some directors may not be aware of the potential of BDA and technological tools, and many may not understand how it can benefit them. Our findings also reveal the need to educate BoDs and management to keep up with the latest technological tools.
Pulmonary blood volume as a marker of adenosine‐induced cardiac hyperemia: A Rubidium‐82 study
Authors: Lassen Martin Lyngby , Hartmann Jacob Peter , Byrne Christina , Berg Ronan M. G. , Kjær Andreas , Hasbak Philip 
Published: February 2025

AbstractPurposeTo investigate the efficacy of pulmonary blood volume (PBV) as a marker of the cardiac hyperemic response to adenosine during myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI).MethodsForty healthy subjects underwent four consecutive Rubidium‐82 rest/adenosine‐stress MPI: two sessions were conducted without any caffeine consumption (baseline), while the remaining two sessions involved controlled caffeine consumption (arm 1: 100 and 300 mg; arm 2: 200 and 400 mg). We evaluate the ability of the stress‐to‐rest ratio of PBV (PBV ratio) to identify an adequate cardiac hyperemic response. The adequate hyperemic response was defined as a stress myocardial blood flow >2 mL/g/min and a corresponding myocardial flow reserve >68% of the maximum myocardial flow reserve obtained during the baseline scans.ResultsBased on 126 MPI sessions conducted in 40 subjects, the PBV ratio demonstrated a sensitivity of 78% and a specificity of 74% in detecting adequate cardiac hyperemia. The positive predictive value was 95%, while the negative predictive value was 36%.ConclusionThe PBV ratio permits the identification of adequate hyperemic response with sensitivities and specificities comparable to existing markers.
Cranial ultrasound in neonatal brain infections
Authors: Licht‐van der Stap Roosmarijn G. , de Vries Linda S. , Alarcon Ana , Govaert Paul , Steggerda Sylke J. ,   EurUS.Brain group
Published: February 2025

AbstractInfection of the neonatal central nervous system (CNS) can cause irreversible brain damage. Cranial ultrasound is an important neuroimaging modality in the neonatal period for detecting brain injury. Several types of organism can cause neonatal CNS infection. The aim of this narrative review is to provide an overview of the most common and typical ultrasonographic features of neonatal CNS infections and their evolution over time. Different microorganisms cause characteristic brain injury patterns. Using numerous imaging examples, we explain the different injury patterns caused by several Gram‐positive and Gram‐negative microorganisms, fungi, and viruses. This can guide the clinician to appropriate diagnosis and treatment.
Association of depression, traditional risk factor control and genetic risk with incident cardiovascular disease among individuals with prediabetes: A population‐based prospective study from UK biobank
Authors: Zhang Zenglei , Wang Chunqi , Zhao Lin , Wang Zeyu , Zhou Xianliang , Yang Weixian , Meng Xu 
Published: February 2025

AbstractBackgroundThe relationship between depression and cardiovascular disease (CVD) in individuals with prediabetes, its relative importance compared with traditional risk factors and whether genetic risk modifies this association remain unclear.AimsTo explore the potential interactive effects of controlling traditional risk factors and depression on CVD, and to assess how depression compares with traditional risk factors in terms of its relative contribution to CVD risk in individuals with prediabetes.Materials and MethodsWe analysed a prospective cohort of 42,020 individuals from the UK Biobank, all free of prevalent CVD. Depression was determined using multiple sources to accurately assess the exposure. The five traditional risk factors considered were sleep duration, smoking, blood pressure (BP), low‐density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol and renal function. We used Cox proportional hazards regression models to examine the associations between depression, risk factor control and CVD events.ResultsOver a median follow‐up of 13.1 years, 5865 individuals developed CVD, including 4764 cases of coronary heart disease and 1415 strokes. Compared with controlling 4–5 risk factors, both depression and controlling 0–1 risk factor significantly increased the risk of CVD in individuals with prediabetes. The corresponding multivariable‐adjusted hazard ratios (95% CI) for CVD were 1.18 (1.09–1.28) and 1.44 (1.29–1.60), respectively. Depression ranked second in predicting CVD among the selected risk factors. A synergistic effect between depression and risk factor control was observed for CVD, with a relative excess risk due to interaction of 0.16 (0.06–0.26). Furthermore, these associations were independent of the genetic susceptibility to CVD.ConclusionsAmong individuals with prediabetes, both depression and suboptimal control of traditional risk factors are associated with an increased risk of CVD, independent of genetic susceptibility.
Most hospitalised patients with type 2 diabetes benefit from continuous glucose monitoring compared to point‐of‐care glucose testing in a non‐intensive care unit setting: A heterogeneity of treatment effect analysis
Authors: Olsen Mikkel Thor , Jensen Signe Hjejle , Rasmussen Louise Mathorne , Klarskov Carina Kirstine , Lindegaard Birgitte , Andersen Jonas Askø , Gottlieb Hans , Lunding Suzanne , Hansen Katrine Bagge , Pedersen‐Bjergaard Ulrik , Kristensen Peter Lommer 
Published: February 2025

AbstractAimsUnderstanding whether improved glycaemic outcomes from continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) compared to point‐of‐care (POC) glucose testing apply uniformly to all hospitalised non‐intensive care unit (non‐ICU) patients with type 2 diabetes or vary among subgroups is crucial for allocating healthcare resources.Materials and MethodsThis two‐site randomised controlled trial DIAbetes TEam and Cgm (DIATEC) enrolled 166 non‐ICU patients with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes management was based on either POC glucose testing or CGM. Diabetes management was carried out by general hospital staff, under the guidance of specialised diabetes teams, using insulin titration protocols in both groups. We conducted heterogeneity of treatment effect regression analyses to assess whether certain patient characteristics (e.g., age, gender, haemoglobin A1c, etc.) modified the effects of CGM, compared to POC glucose testing, on the glycaemic outcomes time in/above/below range, mean glucose level, standard deviation (SD), coefficient of variation (CV) and hypoglycaemic events.ResultsNo heterogeneity of treatment effect was observed, suggesting that all patients benefited equally from CGM compared to POC glucose testing regarding glycaemic outcomes.ConclusionsFrom a glycaemic perspective, CGM could be widely recommended for most non‐ICU patients with type 2 diabetes, as its glycaemic benefits over POC glucose testing appear consistent regardless of individual characteristics.