bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Application of an Innovative Conveyance Risk Management Methodology for Long or Tortuous Wells
Authors: Castillo H. C. , Wills P. 
Published: September 2009

Summary
Some of the most important aspects to consider during the design, construction, and productive life of a well are the amount and nature of the risks associated with the conveyance of downhole instruments to acquire critical formation-evaluation data while the hole is open and downhole-tool strings needed to service the well after installing the completion and production hardware.
With the increase in popularity of long, deep, and tortuous wells, mainly in the high-cost operating environments, these risks have become more acute.
A new methodology, based on forces modeling and best practices gathered over decades, has been developed to take full advantage of new conveyance technologies intended to alleviate or eliminate these risks.
This paper describes the new conveyance risk-reduction technologies and their areas of applications, the newly developed risk management methodology, and the economical value these innovations bring to our industry.
To demonstrate the merits and practical aspects of such an enterprise, we discuss a case study in which a perforating job was successfully completed using wireline and downhole tractors in a highly deviated well that was planned using the new methodology.
Using Experimental Designs, Assisted History-Matching Tools, and Bayesian Framework To Get Probabilistic Gas-Storage Pressure Forecasts
Authors: Schaaf Thomas , Coureaud Bertrand , Labat Nicolas , Busby Daniel 
Published: September 2009

Summary
One of the main concerns in the oil and gas business is generating reliable reservoir hydrodynamics forecasts. Such profiles are the cornerstones of optimal technico-economical management decisions. A workflow combining different methods to integrate and reduce most of the subsurface uncertainties using multiple history matched models (explaining the past) to infer reasonably reliable forecasts is proposed.
A sensitivity study is first performed using experimental design to scan the whole range of static and dynamic uncertainty parameters using a proxy model of the fluid-flow simulator. Only the most sensitive ones with respect to an objective function (OF) (quantifying the mismatch between the simulation results and the observations) are retained for subsequent steps.
Assisted history-matching tools are then used to obtain multiple history-matched models.
To obtain probabilistic pressure profiles, multiple history-matched models are combined with the uncertain parameters not retained in the sensitivity study, using the joint modeling method.
Another way to constrain uncertain parameters with observation data is to use Bayesian framework where a posteriori distributions of the input parameters are derived from the a priori distributions and the likelihood function. The latter is computed through a nonlinear proxy model using experimental design, kriging, and dynamic training techniques.
These two workflows have been applied to a real gas storage case submitted to significant seasonal pressure variations. The obtained probabilistic operational pressure profiles for a given period are then compared to the actual gas storage dynamic behavior so that we can compare the two approaches and assess the added value of both proposed workflows.
Experimental and theoretical investigations of optical properties of GaN/AlGaN MQW nanostructures. Impact of built-in polarization fields
Authors: Esmaeili M. , Gholami M. , Haratizadeh H. , Monemar B. , Holtz P. , Kamiyama S. , Amano H. , Akasaki I. 
Published: September 2009

AbstractWe report the results from detailed optical spectroscopy from MOCVD grown GaN/AlGaN multiple quantum wells (MQWs), as opposed to most previous studies where MBE was employed by means of photoluminescence (PL) technique. In this paper we will present theoretical and experimental results demonstrating how polarization induced electric fields and bound interface charges in GaN/AlGaN MQWs affect the emission peak energy, PL line shape, as well as the emission line width. Theoretically estimated fields in this work are consistent with experimental data. Transition energy of the heavy hole and electron ground state Ee-hh in GaN/AlGaN MQWs were calculated and it is found that it stays in good agreement with the experimental data.
Making Aboriginal People ‘Immigrants Too’: A Comparison of Citizenship Programs for Newcomers and Indigenous Peoples in Postwar Canada, 1940s–1960s
Authors: Bohaker Heidi , Iacovetta Franca 
Published: September 2009

Abstract: Canadian citizenship is a young official category of belonging, and the relationship of Aboriginal people to that category remains contested ground: scholars debate the legal status of First Nations people within the Canadian state while other academics and First Nations leaders note that these nations never ceded their sovereignty to a foreign colonial state. While such debates have deep historic roots, more recent post-1945 government policies and programs reveal the extent to which Aboriginal peoples continued to be seen as outsiders who need to be assimilated to the ‘mainstream.’ As a historical contribution to these ongoing debates, this paper explores efforts to create a distinct and common Canadian citizenship in the years after the Second World War when, as a follow-up to the passage of the 1947 Canadian Citizenship Act, the federal government strategically chose to combine its management of immigrant admissions, reception, and citizenship with its Indian Affairs policies under the rubric of one new federal ministry, the Department of Citizenship and Immigration (DCI). From 1950 until 1966, the Indian Affairs branch was located in the DCI, where its activities were heavily modelled after the citizenship campaigns being developed for immigrants within the DCI's Canadian Citizenship Branch. This paper reveals the ways in which ministry officials and their network of public and private groups and agencies aimed to create a one-size-fits-all category of societal Canadian citizenship. To do so they deliberately constructed Aboriginal peoples as ‘immigrants too’ and targeted both ‘Canada's original inhabitants’ and newly arrived European refugees and immigrants with similar ‘Canadianization’ programs. The analysis of the programs targeting both groups highlights the similarities (for example, both Natives and newcomers were constructed as outsiders who needed to adopt dominant middle-class Canadian social and moral codes and pro-capitalist values) and the differences (for example, the immigrant campaigns were more tolerant of cultural differences than the Aboriginal campaigns that, despite their seemingly progressive rhetoric, effectively continued earlier assimilationist policies) as well as their gendered and class features. In offering this comparative analysis between these twinned postwar campaigns, the paper brings together two histories, Aboriginal and immigrant, that have usually been studied in isolation from each other.
Congenital Hypothyroidism in the Southern Bangladesh
Authors: Rasul C Habibur , Lucky S Nahar , Miah S Rahman , Moslem F 
Published: September 2009

Congenital hypothyroidism is the commonest preventable cause of mental retardation. It is more prevalent in endemic goiter regions like Bangladesh. But magnitude of the problem has not been studied at national level. This study was done to detect the frequency of congenital hypothyroidism in southem part of Bangladesh & to develop neonatal screening program. All the living newborns delivered between Oct 01 to June 05 Khulna Medical College Hospital were included in the study, After taking the relevant information from mother, cord blood sample were collected from the newborn within 120 hours of birth and kept in freezer. At the end of collection of each two months, the lot was sent to the laboratory of Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Dhaka for radioimmunoassay of TSH. Potential cases with TSH above 10 MIU were recalled for thyroid function test for confirmation of diagnosis. Fifteen hundred samples were collected in total during 45 months of study. One forty seven unsatisfactory samples were discarded; thereby 1353 samples were eventually assayed for TSH. Among the study population 88.2% hailed from Khulna district and the rest of the cases came from neighboring districts. Male to female baby ratio was 1.2:1. Regarding the birth weight 33.4% babies were low birth weight. TSH above 10 was found in 35 babies among whom one baby was hypothyroid and the other member of the twin was also hypothyroid although the TSH level was below 10. None of newborn had TSH level above 20. Thus frequency of congenital hypothyroidism was 1.5 per thousand living newborn. Congenital hypothyroidism in southern part of the country is quite high in relation to global incidence. Although this is not the national picture but the high figure is alarming. Therefore neonatal screening program should be implemented as soon as possible to reduce the number of mentally retarded child. doi: 10.3329/taj.v21i1.3212 TAJ 2008; 21(1): 18-22
Preliminary Report on a Comparative Study on Patients Satisfaction in Private and Public Hospital in the Perspective of Prevailing Health Management Constraints in Rajshahi
Authors: Ekram ARM Saifuddin , Rahman M Fazlur , Salim S Abdullah , Haque M Jawadul 
Published: September 2009

Assessment of patient satisfaction is required to help to improve health system performance and promote better governance of the hospital services. Despite resource constraints health personnel in private health care delivery centers are providing satisfactory health services than public hospitals. In the face of ever increasing demand for health care services strength, weakness and future prospects of private health care facilities should be evaluated and appraised. On the other hand health care delivery in public hospitals should be closely monitored for further improvement to meet the demands of people. doi: 10.3329/taj.v21i1.3213 TAJ 2008; 21(1): 23-30
Accuracy of Mothers Reports Regarding Vaccination Status of Their Children in Urban Bangladesh
Authors: Selimuzzaman ABM , Ullah MA , Haque MJ 
Published: September 2009

With the primary view to test the accuracy of the mothers reports regarding their children's immunization status, this study was carried out in the metropolitan areas of Rajshahi among the mothers of 12-23 months old children, Total 1500 mothers were included in this study as sample units by two stage cluster sampling method. In this study, child immunization card retention rate was 66.22%, Majority of the mothers reported accurately about their children's DPT (76%) and measles (85%) vaccination status. It suggests that urban mothers statements about their children' vaccination status is reliable. And in case of DPT young and educated mothers with higher family economic status and having fewer children were comparatively more reliable than others. Field workers should motivate and encourage the mothers to preserve their children's immunization cards. doi: 10.3329/taj.v21i1.3217 TAJ 2008; 21(1): 40-43
Vasopressor is the Drug of Choice in the Management of Cardiac Arrest Occurring in Early Spinal Anesthesia
Authors: Alam M Intakhab , Rahman M Lutfar , Haque M Ekramul , Jesmin S 
Published: September 2009

In Rajshahi Medical College Hospital this experience was based on 8 patients who got high spinal block for intended surgery for Caesarian section. These patients were totally apnoeic, cyanosed and there was no recordable pulse or blood pressure. Cardiac massage and artificial ventilation with rapidly introduced E.T.T. were instituted and inotrope Ephedrine was given without recovery. But when adrenaline was given in diluted form, soon pulse, B.P. respiration and consciousness were regained. doi: 10.3329/taj.v21i1.3219 TAJ 2008; 21(1): 50-52
Pattern and Clinical Profile of Congenital Heart Disease in A Teaching Hospital
Authors: Sharmin L Shamima , Haque M Azizul , Bari M Iqbal , Ali M Ayub 
Published: September 2009

Objectives: To see the (a) type of congenital heart disease, (b) Clinical presentation of the cases, (c) association with extra-cardiac anomalies and disease, (d) complications of different CHD, (e) outcome of patients during hospital stay. Methodology: it was a prospective study conducted in the department of pediatrics of Rajshahi Medical College & Hospital over a period of one year.115 children from birth to 12 years of age who had congenital heart disease confirmed by echocardiography were included. All patients were treated conservatively and observed for immediate out come during the hospital stay. Result: major types of CHD were VSD (42.6%), TOF (18.3%), ASD (14.8%), PDA (7.8%). Male outnumbers female child. Common symptoms were breathlessness (60%), fatigue (54.8%), cough (43.5%), poor weight gain (41.7%), recurrent chest infection (34.8%), fever (28.7%), feeding problems (26.1%), palpitation (21.7%) and bluish discoloration of lips and fingertips (20%). Murmur with or without thrill and cardiomegaly was the most important cardiac finding. Frequently observed complications were heart failure, pulmonary hypertension and growth failure. doi: 10.3329/taj.v21i1.3221 TAJ 2008; 21(1): 58-62
Target Organ Damage in Hypertension in an Academic Hospital
Authors: Masum QAA , Ahmed M Uddin , Uddin M Refaz , Siddiqui NA , Ekram ARM Saifuddin 
Published: September 2009

One hundred hypertensive patients were selected randomly from medicine indoor; 66 were males, 34 were females. Age ranges were 20 to 70+ years. Detail history was taken, comprehensive physical examination and relevant investigations were done to detect various target organ damage. These findings were correlated with age, sex, occupation, socioeconomic status, duration of hypertension, drug compliance and other risk factors of cardiovascular disease. Incidence of TOD were as follows: 65.15% of males and 52.94% of females developed stroke; 70% of total patients developed some forms of cardiac complications, 14% had left ventricular failure, 43.93% of males had left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) 26.47% of females had LVH; 27% of patients had renal complications; 23% of patients had retinopathies; 6% of patients had malignant hypertension; 20% of patients had peripheral vascular disease. doi: 10.3329/taj.v21i1.3222 TAJ 2008; 21(1): 63-68
Precocious Puberty- A Case Report
Authors: Shah K Kabiruzzaman , Laz N Begum , Siddique AB , Ahmed FU 
Published: September 2009

Appearance of secondary sexual development before the age of 9 in a male child and before the age of 7 in a female child is called precocious puberty. When the cause of precocious puberty is premature activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary axis, it is called central or complete precocious puberty, if ectopic gonadotrophin secretion occurs in boys or autonomous sex steroid secretion occurs in either sex it is called incomplete precocious puberty. |Here we are reporting a 5 year old girl with central precocious puberty. doi: 10.3329/taj.v21i1.3227 TAJ 2008; 21(1): 83-86
Current Challenges in Hepatitis C
Authors: Ahad M Abdul 
Published: September 2009

Hepatitis C is a significant global problem with a wide-ranging personal, social and economic impact. The virus can silently attack the liver for decades before the illness becomes obvious, often as cirrhosis, liver cancer or liver failure. Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is emerging as one of the major health problems in Bangladesh. doi: 10.3329/taj.v21i1.3229 TAJ 2008; 21(1):93-96
Generation of Gene Knockout Mice by ES Cell Microinjection
Authors: Longenecker Glenn , Kulkarni Ashok B. 
Published: September 2009

AbstractThis unit describes protocols used in the production of chimeric mice that are then used for the generation of gene knockout mice. These protocols include the collection of blastocyst embryos, ES cell injection, and uterine transfer of injected blastocysts. Support protocols for the superovulation of blastocyst donor mice, generation of pseudopregnant recipients, fabrication of glass pipets for embryo and cell manipulations, and generation of germline mice are also included. Practical tips and solutions are mentioned to help troubleshoot problems that may occur. Curr. Protoc. Cell Biol. 44:19.14.1.‐19.14.36. © 2009 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Cultured neural networks
Authors: Warwick Kevin 
Published: September 2009

AbstractThis special section contains papers addressing various aspects associated with the issue of cultured neural networks. These are networks, that are formed through the monitored growth of biological neural tissue. In keeping with the aims of the International Journal of Adaptive Control and Signal Processing, the key focus of these papers is to look at particular aspects of signal processing in terms of both stimulating such a network and in assigning intent to signals collected as network outputs. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Fontaine–Farriaux syndrome: A recognizable craniosynostosis syndrome with nail, skeletal, abdominal, and central nervous system anomalies
Authors: Castori Marco , Silvestri Evelina , Pedace Lucia , Marseglia Giuseppina , Tempera Alessia , Antigoni Ivana , Torricelli Francesca , Majore Silvia , Grammatico Paola 
Published: September 2009

AbstractCraniosynostosis is an etiologically heterogeneous malformation, which may present as an isolated finding or in association with other anomalies. The concurrence of craniosynostosis together with specific central nervous system, abdominal, genital, and limb malformations defines the Fontaine–Farriaux syndrome, described so far in only two patients. We report on a stillborn who mainly presented severe intrauterine growth retardation, bilateral coronal synostosis, generalized nail hypo/aplasia more evident on the posterior side, tapered digits, mild cutaneous syndactyly, abdominal muscle hypoplasia, micropenis and bilateral cryptorchidism. Skeletal radiographs revealed universal platyspondyly and necropsy findings comprised intestinal malrotation, abnormal cortical gyral formation, periventricular heterotopia, and cerebellar hypoplasia. Comparison between the present and the two previously described patients demonstrates that our case shows a combination of features strikingly resembling the original description. Conversely, the second reported patient shows a very atypical phenotype and is, most probably, affected by a distinct clinical entity. The triad of craniosynostosis, anonychia, and abdominal muscle hypo/aplasia emerges as the most consistent core phenotype, although skeletal and brain anomalies are relevant ancillary findings. An in‐depth differential diagnosis with other partially overlapping conditions is carried out. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
To end and prevent wars between states: Negotiate, don't litigate
Authors: Stamato Linda , Jaffe Sanford M. 
Published: September 2009

AbstractLinda Stamato and Sanford M. Jaffe, of New Brunswick, N.J., discuss recent U.S. Supreme Court original jurisdiction cases that have ended poorly after voluminous litigation. They urge the National Governors Association to step in to help resolve the modern day wars between the states.
Heat-shock protein 70 gene polymorphism is associated with the severity of diabetic foot ulcer and the outcome of surgical treatment
Authors: Mir K A , Pugazhendhi S , Paul M J , Nair A , Ramakrishna B S 
Published: September 2009

Abstract

Background
Foot ulcer is a significant cause of morbidity in diabetics. Genetic make-up can determine inflammatory and healing responses. This study examined the hypothesis that specific polymorphisms of the heat-shock protein 70 gene could predispose to the severity of diabetic foot ulceration.

Methods
Some 106 consecutive diabetic patients (101 evaluable) with foot ulceration admitted to a tertiary care hospital were managed according to a standard protocol. DNA was extracted from venous blood and examined by polymerase chain reaction–restriction fragment length analysis for two specific polymorphisms: G1538A in the HSPA1B and C2437T in the HSPA1L gene.

Results
HSPA1B genotyping showed that 70 patients were AG and 30 GG (one not amplified). The AG genotype was significantly associated with the severity of foot ulceration (Wagner grade) (P = 0·008, χ2 test), need for amputation (relative risk 2·02, 95 per cent confidence interval 1·02 to 4·01; P = 0·025) and median length of hospital stay (8 versus 5 days for GG; P = 0·043). HSPA1L genotypes (78 TT, 22 CT, one CC) did not show any significant association with these parameters.

Conclusion
The HSPA1B genotype, was associated with the severity of diabetic foot ulceration, need for amputation and duration of hospitalization in these patients.
Randomized clinical trial comparing venous cutdown with the Seldinger technique for placement of implantable venous access ports
Authors: Nocito A , Wildi S , Rufibach K , Clavien P-A , Weber M 
Published: September 2009

Abstract

Background
The aim of this randomized controlled study was to compare the primary success rate between venous cutdown and the Seldinger technique for placement of the totally implantable venous access port (TIVAP).

Methods
A total of 152 patients were randomized to receive TIVAP placement by either venous cutdown or the Seldinger technique. The main endpoint was the primary success rate. Secondary endpoints included overall success rate, procedure time and perioperative complication rates. Multiple logistic regression analysis was undertaken to assess the influence of different variables on primary success.

Results
The primary success rate was 71 per cent for venous cutdown and 90 per cent for the Seldinger technique (P = 0·007). The mean procedure time was significantly shorter for the Seldinger technique (48·9 versus 64·8 min; P &lt; 0·001). The overall success rate was 97·4 per cent. The rate of perioperative complications was similar for the two approaches (5 per cent), but was higher when a procedure was converted. The variables sex, body mass index, implantation side and surgeon experience had no impact on the primary success rate.

Conclusion
The Seldinger technique was more effective and quicker than venous cutdown, and should be regarded as the method of choice for TIVAP placement. Registration number: NCT00272623 (http://www.clinicaltrials.gov).
In vitro Characterization of Enzymes Involved in the Synthesis of Nonproteinogenic Residue (2S,3S)‐β‐Methylphenylalanine in Glycopeptide Antibiotic Mannopeptimycin
Authors: Huang Yu‐Ting , Lyu Syue‐Yi , Chuang Pei‐Hsuan , Hsu Ning‐Shian , Li Yi‐Shan , Chan Hsiu‐Chien , Huang Chuen‐Jiuan , Liu Yu‐Chen , Wu Chang‐Jer , Yang Wen‐Bin , Li Tsung‐Lin 
Published: September 2009

AbstractMannopeptimycin, a potent drug lead, has superior activity against difficult‐to‐treat multidrug‐resistant Gram‐positive pathogens such as methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). (2S,3S)‐β‐Methylphenylalanine is a residue in the cyclic hexapeptide core of mannopeptimycin, but the synthesis of this residue is far from clear. We report here on the reaction order and the stereochemical course of reaction in the formation of (2S,3S)‐β‐methylphenylalanine. The reaction is executed by the enzymes MppJ and TyrB, an S‐adenosyl methionine (SAM)‐dependent methyltransferase and an (S)‐aromatic‐amino‐acid aminotransferase, respectively. Phenylpyruvic acid is methylated by MppJ at its benzylic position at the expense of one equivalent of SAM. The resulting β‐methyl phenylpyruvic acid is then converted to (2S,3S)‐β‐methylphenylalanine by TyrB. MppJ was further determined to be regioselective and stereoselective in its catalysis of the formation of (3S)‐β‐methylphenylpyruvic acid. The binding constant (KD) of MppJ versus SAM is 26 μM. The kinetic constants with respect to kcat Ppy and KM Ppy, and kcat SAM and KM SAM are 0.8 s−1 and 2.5 mM, and 8.15 s−1 and 0.014 mM, respectively. These results suggest SAM has higher binding affinity for MppJ than Ppy, and the CC bond formation in βmPpy might be the rate‐limiting step, as opposed to the CS bond breakage in SAM.