bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multiomics integration unveils photoperiodic plasticity in the molecular rhythms of marine phytoplankton
Authors: Romero-Losada Ana B , Arvanitidou Christina , García-Gómez M Elena , Morales-Pineda María , Castro-Pérez M José , Chew Yen Peng , van Ooijen Gerben , García-González Mercedes , Romero-Campero Francisco J 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Earth's tilted rotation and translation around the Sun produce pervasive rhythms on our planet, giving rise to photoperiodic changes in diel cycles. Although marine phytoplankton plays a key role in ecosystems, multiomics analysis of its responses to these periodic environmental signals remains largely unexplored. The marine picoalga Ostreococcus tauri was chosen as a model organism due to its cellular and genomic simplicity. Ostreococcus was subjected to different light regimes to investigate its responses to periodic environmental signals: long summer days, short winter days, constant light, and constant dark conditions. Although &lt;5% of the transcriptome maintained oscillations under both constant conditions, 80% presented diel rhythmicity. A drastic reduction in diel rhythmicity was observed at the proteome level, with 39% of the detected proteins oscillating. Photoperiod-specific rhythms were identified for key physiological processes such as the cell cycle, photosynthesis, carotenoid biosynthesis, starch accumulation, and nitrate assimilation. In this study, a photoperiodic plastic global orchestration among transcriptome, proteome, and physiological dynamics was characterized to identify photoperiod-specific temporal offsets between the timing of transcripts, proteins, and physiological responses.
Urine toxicology screening reduces misdiagnosis of cocaine-induced ANCA positive disease as idiopathic granulomatosis with polyangiitis
Authors: Bateman James , Nadeem Mir , Barraclough James , Adizie Tochukwu , Pucci Mark , Sheeran Tom 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Objectives
Study aims: (1) assess the impact of urine cocaine screening in distinguishing cocaine induced midline destruction lesion (CIMDL) from idiopathic ANCA-associated systemic vasculitis (AASV); (2) evaluate the adoption and effectiveness of screening; (3) explore its clinical implications.

Methods
We conducted a retrospective single-centre case series, reviewing rheumatology patients with suspected new or relapsing AASV aged 18–55, from April 2021-July 2024. Patients were in two groups-an active screening group offering urinary cocaine testing for all patients, and a standard care group, with ad-hoc testing based on clinical suspicion. Demographics, clinical presentations, and diagnostic pathways were analysed.

Results
Of 11 cases in the active screening group, all denied cocaine use, seven were diagnosed with CIMDL from urine screening, four patients were treated for vasculitis. In the standard care group of 15 patients, two CIMDL cases (admitted cocaine use), no patients had urine screening, 13 treated for AASV. In total nine CIMDL cases (mean age 38.2 years, IQR 11, six females), most (7/9; 78%) were from active screening. CIMDL presentations were heterogeneous including vocal cord palsy, lymphadenopathy and cutaneous vasculitis. CIMDL cases were positive for pANCA (6/9) and PR3 (7/9), with no MPO positivity, 5/9 (71%) failed to provide an adequate initial urine sample. There were no formal complaints or concerns from screening.

Conclusion
These data support the effectiveness and acceptability of systematic screening for cocaine to improve the identification of CIMDL, reducing misdiagnosis and unnecessary treatment. A protocol for systematic screening is proposed to improve the care for these patients.
ALZ‐801 prevents amyloid β‐protein assembly and reduces cytotoxicity: A preclinical experimental study
Authors: Muramatsu Daiki , Watanabe‐Nakayama Takahiro , Tsuji Mayumi , Umeda Kenichi , Hikishima Sadao , Nakano Hiroto , Sakashita Yasuhiro , Ikeda Tokuhei , Konno Hiroki , Kodera Noriyuki , Ando Toshio , Noguchi‐Shinohara Moeko , Ono Kenjiro 
Published: February 2025

AbstractAlzheimer's disease (AD) is the most prevalent age‐related neurodegenerative disorder, mainly characterized by amyloid β (Aβ) accumulation in the brain. Numerous new agents are currently undergoing clinical trials as disease‐modifying therapies (DMTs) targeting Aβ. ALZ‐801 is a promising candidate DMT for AD, with a phase 3 trial of ALZ‐801 ongoing specifically for apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 homozygous patients with early‐stage AD. This study aimed to examine the effects of ALZ‐801 on Aβ assembly and explore its toxicological profile. Thioflavin T (ThT) assays and two imaging modalities—transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and high‐speed atomic force microscopy (HS‐AFM)—were used to evaluate ALZ‐801's effects on Aβ assembly. To assess the effect of ALZ‐801 on Aβ42‐induced cytotoxicity, 3‐(4,5‐dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl)‐2,5‐diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assays and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assays were performed. ThT assays revealed increased lag time and decreased fluorescence in the presence of ALZ‐801, confirming inhibition of Aβ42 fibril formation, as confirmed by TEM. Real‐time observation using HS‐AFM revealed that ALZ‐801 inhibited the formation of Aβ42 fibril from low‐molecular‐weight (LMW)‐Aβ42 in the presence of Aβ42 seeds. HS‐AFM also revealed that globular aggregates from LMW‐Aβ42 were significantly larger with ALZ‐801, with few fibrils noted. MTT and LDH assays indicated that ALZ‐801 prevented LMW‐Aβ42‐induced cytotoxicity but did not reduce cytotoxicity induced by high‐molecular‐weight‐Aβ42. ALZ‐801 can inhibit Aβ42 aggregation by preventing both nucleus formation and fibril elongation, while promoting large globular oligomer formation, and can significantly reduce LMW‐Aβ42‐induced cytotoxicity. These findings underscore the potential of ALZ‐801 as an effective DMT for APOE ε4 homozygous patients with AD.
Whole‐body vibration protects against chronic high‐altitude hypoxic bone loss by regulating the nitric oxide/HIF‐1α axis in osteoblasts
Authors: Wang Dan , Liu Ruobing , Ding Yuanjun , Pei Qilin , Sun Tao , Shao Xi , Jiang Maogang , Liu Juan , Huang Jinghui , Yan Zedong , Hao Xiaoxia , Jing Da , Cai Jing 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThe hypobaric hypoxia environment found at high altitudes imposes various reversible and irreversible detrimental effects on living organisms. Accumulating evidence suggests that hypobaric hypoxia negatively impacts skeleton health by diminishing bone quality and disrupting bone microarchitecture. However, therapeutic strategies to counteract this bone loss remain limited. This study investigates the impact of whole‐body vibration (WBV) stimulation on skeletal health of rats continuously exposed to simulated hypobaric hypoxia environment at an altitude of 4500 m for 6 weeks. We found that WBV stimulation at 30 Hz and 0.3 g significantly improved femoral bone mass, microarchitecture, and biomechanical properties in rats exposed to chronic hypobaric hypoxia. Additionally, in vitro studies demonstrated that WBV enhanced osteogenic potential and activity in primary osteoblasts under hypoxia conditions. It also reduced levels of hypoxia‐inducible factor 1α (HIF‐1α), a key transcription factor involved in cellular response to hypoxia. Conversely, overexpression of HIF‐1α significantly inhibited cellular differentiation and osteogenesis in osteoblasts exposed to WBV stimulation under hypoxic conditions. Furthermore, WBV stimulation led to a significant increase in nitric oxide (NO) concentrations in osteoblasts during hypoxic exposure. In vitro experiments showed that blocking of NO synthesis with L‐NAME impeded WBV‐stimulated osteogenic activity in hypoxia‐exposed osteoblasts. In vivo studies demonstrated that inhibiting NO synthesis similarly abolished the positive impact of WBV on bone microarchitecture and biomechanical properties under hypobaric hypoxia. Collectivity, our findings indicate that WBV protects against hypobaric hypoxia‐induced bone loss by regulating the NO/HIF‐1α axis in osteoblasts, and reveal its clinical potential as a promising non‐invasive approach.
Self-Fitting Hearing Aids: Effects of Starting Response and Field Experience
Authors: Boothroyd Arthur , Sengupta Dhiman , Painter Shaelyn , Shur Elena , Garudadri Harinath , Mackersie Carol 
Published: February 2025

Objectives:
To determine the effects of changing from a prescribed to a generic starting response on self-fitting outcome and behavior before and after a brief field experience.

Method:
Twenty adult hearing-aid users with mild-to-moderate hearing loss used a smartphone interface to adjust level and spectral tilt of the output of a wearable master hearing aid while listening to prerecorded speech, presented at 65 dB SPL, in quiet. A prescribed starting response was based on the participant’s own audiogram. A generic starting response was based on an audiogram for a typical mild-to-moderate hearing loss and was the same for all participants. Initial self-fittings from the two starting responses took place in the lab. After a brief field experience, involving conversation, self-hearing, and ambient noise, with readjustment as needed, self-fittings from the two starting responses were repeated in the lab. Starting responses, self-fitted responses, and adjustment steps were logged in the master hearing aid for subsequent evaluation of real-ear output spectra and for assessment of self-fitting behavior.

Results:
Neither starting response nor field experience had a significant effect on mean self-fitted output in the lab (p = 0.506 and 0.149, respectively). However, the SD of individual starting-response effects on high-frequency self-fitted output fell by around 50% after the field experience (p = 0.006). The effect of starting response on self-fitting behavior was limited to number of adjustment steps, which was higher for the generic start (p = 0.014). The effect of field experience on self-fitting behavior was limited to a 50% reduction in self-fitting time (p < 0.001). This reduction was attributable mainly to less time spent listening after each adjustment step (p = 0.019).

Conclusions:
The findings support the conclusion that, for a population with mild-to-moderate hearing loss, a generic starting response can be a viable option for over-the-counter self-fitting hearing aids. They highlight, however, the need for practice and experience with novel self-fitting hearing aids and the fact that self-fitting may not be suitable for all.
Long-term Economic Distress and Growing Educational Inequity in Life Expectancy
Authors: Geronimus Arline T. , Waidmann Timothy A , Bound John , Pancini Vincent , Yang Meifeng 
Published: February 2025

Background:
The nature and timing of increasing educational inequity in US life expectancy prior to the COVID-19 pandemic suggests that long-term adverse labor market conditions secondary to globalization and technological change played a role for less-educated workers, but this has not been tested.

Methods:
We exploit spatiotemporal variation in mortality and long-term economic conditions at the year and commuting zone level to estimate the relationship between macroeconomic restructuring and diverging mortality trends, 1990-2017, by race, gender, and education. Our measure of macroeconomic restructuring is based on the baseline industrial mix of an area, a measure that is plausibly exogenous to mortality.

Results:
Mortality trends were substantially worse in commuting zones experiencing long-term economic stagnation than in others. For both White and Black adults, this relationship was strongest in the lowest quartile of the education distribution. Residence in commuting zones in the top quartile of our measure of economic conditions was associated with an additional 1-2 years lived between ages 25 and 84 compared to living in a commuting zone in the bottom quartile. The primary mediators of these divergent mortality trends were cancer, cardiovascular and metabolic diseases, and diseases of other internal body systems. Deaths from suicide or substance abuse did not contribute importantly toward accounting for the estimated impact of long-term economic stagnation on mortality.

Conclusions:
In our study, diverging trends in US life expectancy were associated with macroeconomic changes witnessed over the last half-century. The causes of death mediating this link were largely found in rates of death from stress-related internal diseases.
Efficacy of Mesh Use in Breast Surgery: A Comprehensive Review of Complications and Aesthetic Outcomes
Authors: Williams Sonya , Shauly Orr , Menon Ambika , Jolkovsky Eliana , Gould Daniel J. , Losken Albert 
Published: February 2025

Background:
The insertion of a mesh “internal bra” has been used in cosmetic breast procedures for soft-tissue reinforcement as a means to mitigate postoperative ptosis. However, there have been concerns regarding complications as a result of mesh placement and a lack of quantitative data regarding postoperative cosmetic outcomes.

Methods:
Articles that assessed the effects of the mesh internal bra for soft-tissue support on cosmetic and patient-reported outcomes, complications, and surveillance were reviewed. Meta-analysis was performed to determine the overall complication rates, and cosmetic outcomes and patient-reported outcomes were reviewed.

Results:
Meta-analysis showed the following summary effect sizes: infection/abscess had a pooled rate of 3.61% (Q = 33.8, I
2 = 76.33%), hematoma was 1.34% (Q = 4.16, I
2 = 68.1%), seroma was 5.04% (Q = 14.8, I
2 = 73.11%), fat necrosis was 0.86% (Q = 693, I
2 = 99.7%), and capsular contracture was 2.5% (Q = 693.4, I
2 = 99.6%). Only 2 of 5 studies attempting to quantify cosmetic outcomes compared outcomes between patients who underwent procedures with and without the use of mesh. Both reported smaller increases in sternal notch-to-nipple distance and nipple-to-inframammary fold distance without clear statistical significance.

Conclusions:
Although there does not seem to be a significant difference in risk profile with and without the use of mesh, the current data do not support the claims of improved cosmetic outcomes. Well-controlled, quantitative studies are necessary to objectively evaluate the cosmetic benefits of using mesh.
Longitudinal Visual Outcomes and Risk of Papilledema Recurrence in Fulminant Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension
Authors: Shaia Jacqueline K. , Rock Jenna R. , Chu Jeffrey Y. , Trinh Ilene P. , Alam Taseen A. , Singh Rishi P. , Talcott Katherine E. , Cohen Devon A. 
Published: February 2025

Background:
Fulminant idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) is a rare presentation of IIH characterized by rapid visual loss. Little is known regarding the cause of fulminant IIH and how to treat this condition. We conducted an analytical study aimed at characterizing disease, treatment, and visual outcomes while evaluating the time and frequency of recurrence of papilledema.

Methods:
This retrospective cohort study used records at a single tertiary institution screened between June 1, 2012, and September 31, 2023, for having an international classification of diseases (ICD) code of IIH or papilledema. After meeting the revised Dandy diagnostic criteria and excluding secondary causes of IIH using clinical review, fulminant IIH was determined by rapid visual loss occurring within 1 month of symptom onset. Demographics, treatment, and visual outcomes data were collected with final visual outcomes reported between 3 months and 1 year after diagnosis. Surgical intervention and relapse of papilledema were noted. All analyses were performed in R Studio and Excel, with a P value <0.05 being significant.

Results:
Of the 731 IIH patients who were evaluated during this interval, 3.2% had fulminant IIH (n = 24). Patients had a mean age of 27.6 years and presented with an average visual field mean deviation of −19.55 dB. Overall, 95.8% were overweight/obese, 87.5% female, and 50% were Black. In total, 62.5% of patients with fulminant IIH received optic nerve sheath fenestrations. At follow-up, 41.7% of patients were legally blind (with 20/400 vision or worse), including 13% having no light perception. Within our cohort, 42% had a significant visual deficit (visual field mean deviation worse than -7 dB or best-corrected visual acuity between 20/80 and 20/200). Although not statistically significant, patients who underwent cerebral venous sinus stenting had the smallest visual deficit. On average, patients recovered from their initial papilledema after 7.90 months. One quarter (25%) of patients had a recurrence at 4.5 months (SD ± 4.1) after the initial resolution of papilledema.

Conclusions:
Fulminant IIH is a rare and blinding variant of IIH. Owing to the recurrence time after initial papilledema resolution, we recommend all such patients be monitored until 8 months after initial papilledema resolution. Future studies should evaluate optimal surgical interventions for preserving vision.
Updating the PRISMA reporting guideline for network meta-analysis: a scoping review
Authors: Veroniki Areti Angeliki , Tricco Andrea C. , Rangira Daniella , McKenzie Joanne E. , Li Tianjing , Straus Sharon E. , Smith Maureen , Catalá-López Ferrán , Wolfe Dianna , Nincic Vera , Konstantinidis Menelaos , Franco Juan , Tovey David , Thirugnanasampanthar Sai Surabi , Dourka Jasmeen , Warren Rachel , Wells George , Stevens Adrienne , Hutton Brian 
Published: February 2025

STANDFIRSTThis scoping review represents the initial step in updating the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) extension for network meta-analysis (NMA) to improve the usability and relevance of systematic reviews with NMA for diverse audiences. The update will address gaps in reporting, such as documenting methods for assessing NMA homogeneity and transitivity, defining intervention nodes, and considering advances in statistical modeling. It will align with PRISMA 2020 and incorporate input from diverse knowledge users, including patients and the public. This scoping review included 61 studies, comprising 23 guidance documents and 38 overviews of reviews evaluating the completeness of reporting and methodological quality of published NMAs. We identified 37 additional NMA items for inclusion in the next step—the Delphi survey. Building on a 2014 scoping review by our team, we incorporated recent studies to inform the PRISMA-NMA update, adhering to established standards for guideline development.SUMMARY POINTSNetwork meta-analyses (NMAs) are increasingly prominent in evidence synthesis, but their methodological transparency and reporting completeness remain inconsistent, which affects the reliability of results.This scoping review highlights the need to update PRISMA-NMA to address evolving methodologies (e.g., component NMA) and reporting challenges to improve accessibility and utility of NMA findings.The review underscores progress and gaps in NMA reporting since the 2015 PRISMA-NMA extension, focusing on synthesis methods, homogeneity, consistency and transitivity assessments, and network geometry.Key recommendations, such as defining pre-specified nodes, specifying statistical methods, and addressing competing interests, were often overlooked in NMA reporting, but addressing these gaps could enhance transparency, reproducibility, and trust in NMA results.
Generation of machine-learning derived Cancer Vulnerability Indicator to determine the spatial burden of cancer outcomes
Authors: Kou Kou , Cameron Jessica , Dasgupta Paramita , Chen Hao , Baade Peter D 
Published: February 2025

AbstractBackgroundDue to the difficulty of obtaining population-based individual-level data, ecological studies are often used to explore factors related to geographic variations in health outcomes. This study proposes a novel framework to identify area-level predictors of spatial variations in lung cancer outcomes and generate a lung cancer vulnerability index (LcVI) based on these predictors.MethodsData on 11,313 persons diagnosed with invasive lung cancer in Queensland, Australia (2016-2019) were sourced from the population-based Queensland Cancer Register. Bayesian spatial models estimated smoothed standardised incidence ratios (SIRs) for 519 geographic areas. Area-level variables (n= 911) were extracted from multiple data collections. Random forest models were fitted to identify important predictors for lung cancer incidence rates. A novel non-parametric dimensionality reduction approach incorporating the final random forest model results was developed to generate the LcVI which ranged from 0-10.ResultsEight variables were identified as predictors for lung cancer incidence with the top two being the prevalence of diabetes and adequate fruit intake. Areas having incidence rates below the Queensland average had significantly lower LcVI than those with average incidence rates (mean difference = 2.80, 95% CI: 2.34-3.25, p < 0.001) while areas with above average incidence rates had significantly higher LcVI than those with average incidence (mean difference = 2.70, 95% CI: 2.20-3.19, p < 0.001). The LcVI was strongly associated with the continuous SIR, explaining 57% of the variation (R² = 0.57, p< 0.001).ConclusionThis novel approach identified a small number of important predictors for lung cancer incidence from a high-dimensional dataset. The lung cancer vulnerability index based on these predictors effectively explained the geographic variations in incidence, potentially offering insights into the underlying drivers of these variations. The favourable performance of this approach may promote further ecological studies on other cancer outcomes.
A summary of intraspecific size variation for large mysticetes
Authors: McClure Joseph 
Published: February 2025

AbstractFollowing existing work on odontocetes, an extensive survey of literature was conducted to summarize the growth and body mass of nine mysticete species along with analyses of adult size distributions using data from the International Whaling Commission catch database. Relationships uncovered between adult length parameters in mysticetes are combined with results previously obtained for odontocetes. On average, the mean adult length was 4% below the asymptotic size and its relative variation appeared to be very similar across most species (CV=4-5%), though is notably higher in species with more prolonged growth throughout adulthood (CV=6-8%). Total body mass relationships between mysticete species appear to align with feeding strategies, as generalists and skim-feeders are notably heavier than lunge-feeding specialists.
In situ generated vaccine-like pyroptosome for personalized cancer immunotherapy
Authors: Chen Binlong , Wan Fangjie , Xia Heming , Pan Xingquan , Wang Letong , Wang Yaoqi , Yan Yue , Liu Jianxiong , Tang Mingmei , Yang Ye , Qin Mengmeng , Ren Jiaona , Zhong Lijun , Chen Wei , Zhang Qiang , Wang Yiguang 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThe efficacy of in situ cancer vaccination has been hampered by poor spatiotemporal orchestration of multiple key steps of cancer-immunity cycle in most tumours and systemic toxicity related to therapeutic strategies. Here, we report a systemic injectable and pyroptosis-enabled nanoadjuvant (SPEN) that precisely evokes the secretion of vaccine-like pyroptosome in tumour area for eliciting robust anti-tumour immunity. SPEN induces vigorous immunogenic pyroptosis, triggering the efficient release of tumour antigen-rich pyroptosomes, DAMPs, and proinflammatory cytokines. Upon the activatable release of a TLR7/8 agonist into pyroptosome, the generated pyroptosome functions as in situ cancer vaccine for cooperatively activating the cancer-immunity cycle while avoiding systemic toxicity. This in situ vaccine boosts both innate and adaptive immune response, facilitating the eradication of primary tumour and long-lasting cancer prevention. Our findings provide new insights into the rational design of pyroptosis-inducing nanomedicines for boosting the cancer-immunity cycle, thus advancing personalized cancer immunotherapy.