bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1, p53, and thioredoxin are linked in control of aging inC. elegans
Authors: Schlotterer Andreas , Hamann Andreas , Kukudov Georgi , Ibrahim Youssef , Heckmann Britta , Bozorgmehr Farastuk , Pfeiffer Michael , Hutter Harald , Stern David , Du Xueliang , Brownlee Michael , Bierhaus Angelika , Nawroth Peter , Morcos Michael 
Published: March 2010

SummaryDeletions in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) accumulate during aging. Expression of theCaenorhabditis elegansapurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1 (APE1) orthologexo‐3, involved in DNA repair, is reduced by 45% (P < 0.05) during aging ofC. elegans. Suppression ofexo‐3by treatment with RNAi resulted in a threefold increase in mtDNA deletions (P < 0.05), twofold enhanced generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) (P < 0.01), distortion of the structural integrity of the nervous system, reduction of head motility by 43% (P < 0.01) and whole animal motility by 38% (P < 0.05). Suppression ofexo‐3significantly reduced life span: mean life span decreased from 18.5 ± 0.4 to 15.4 ± 0.1 days (P < 0.001) and maximum life span from 25.9 ± 0.4 to 23.2 ± 0.1 days (P = 0.001). Additional treatment ofexo‐3‐suppressed animals with a mitochondrial uncoupler decreased ROS levels, reduced neuronal damage, and increased motility and life span. Additional suppression of theC. elegansp53 orthologcep‐1inexo‐3RNAi‐treated animals similarly decreased ROS levels, preserved neuronal integrity, and increased motility and life span. In wild‐type animals, suppression ofcep‐1, involved in downregulation ofexo‐3, increased expression ofexo‐3without a significant effect on ROS levels, preserved neuronal integrity, and increased motility and life span. Suppression of theC. elegansthioredoxin orthologstrx‐1andtrx‐2, involved in the redox chaperone activity ofexo‐3, overrides the protective effect ofcep‐1RNAi treatment on neuronal integrity, neuronal function, mean and maximum life span. These results show that APE1/EXO‐3, p53/CEP‐1, and thioredoxin affect each other and that these interactions determine aging as well as neuronal structure and function.
Femorotibial Contact Mechanics and Meniscal Strain after Serial Meniscectomy
Authors: Pozzi Antonio , Tonks Catherine A. , Ling Hang‐Yin 
Published: March 2010

Objective: To evaluate changes in femorotibial contact areas (CA) and pressures and meniscal strain after serial meniscectomies of the caudal pole of the medial meniscus.Study Design: Ex vivo biomechanical study.Sample Population: Unpaired pelvic limbs from 8 adult dogs weighing 28–35 kg.Methods: All specimens underwent sequentially, a 30% radial width partial meniscectomy, a 75% radial width partial meniscectomy, and a segmental caudal pole hemi‐meniscectomy. Digital pressure sensors were used to measure lateral and medial peak and mean contact pressures and areas before and after serial meniscectomies. Meniscal strain was measured under load in the intact meniscus and after 30% and 75% radial width meniscectomy. Repeated measures analysis of variance with a post hoc Bonferroni's test (P<.05) was used for statistical analysis.Results: A 30% radial width meniscectomy had no significant effect on contact mechanics. A 75% radial width caused a 60.9% increase and hemi‐meniscectomy an 87.4% increase in peak contact pressures compared with control. Medial CA decreased by 34.7% after 75% radial width meniscectomy and 47.2% after hemi‐meniscectomy. A 30% radial width meniscectomy resulted in 38.5%, and a 75% radial width meniscectomy a 69.2%, decrease in medial meniscal strain compared with control, but these differences were not statistically significant.Conclusions: In this cadaveric model, smaller (30%) partial meniscectomies had minimal effect on the biomechanics of meniscal function, whereas larger partial (75%) and segmental meniscectomies resulted in significant changes in meniscal and femorotibial contact mechanics.Clinical Relevance: This ex vivo data should be considered in clinical decision making for treatment of meniscal problems in dogs.
Percutaneous Coronary Intervention, Comorbidities, and Mortality among Emergency Department–Admitted ST‐Elevation Myocardial Infarction Patients in Florida
Authors: PATHAK ELIZABETH BARNETT , STROM JOEL A. 
Published: March 2010

Background: Risk of mortality following an ST‐elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) can be significantly reduced by prompt percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). National guidelines specify primary PCI as the preferred recommended treatment for STEMI. In this study, we examined same‐day PCI as an independent predictor of in‐hospital mortality, after adjustment for comorbidities, other patient factors, and hospital PCI‐volume using unselected surveillance data from Florida.
Methods: We analyzed hospital discharge data for adults, 18+ years old, with a primary diagnosis of STEMI who were admitted to PCI‐capable hospitals through the emergency department during 2001–2005 (n = 43,849). Hierarchical (multilevel) logistic regression models were used for analysis.
Results: Overall, 4,143 STEMI patients (9.4%) did not survive to hospital discharge. In late 2005, the in‐hospital mortality rates were 1.9% for those who received same‐day PCI versus 13.0% for those who did not. After adjustment for multiple patient factors, same‐day PCI was a significant predictor of in‐hospital survival with a strong protective effect (adjusted OR = 0.35, 95% CI 0.31–0.38 P < 0.0001). Restriction of the analysis to those patients who survived the first day of admission did not appreciably change this result (adjust OR = 0.37, 95% CI 0.33–0.42, P < 0.0001). Hospital PCI‐volume did not significantly impact mortality risk.
Conclusions: Same‐day PCI markedly reduced the risk of in‐hospital mortality among STEMI patients after multivariate adjustment. Serious comorbidities and complications, older age, and female gender continued to predict elevated risk of mortality after control for treatment status. Our results provide additional evidence in support of national clinical recommendations and aggressive treatment of STEMI. (J Interven Cardiol 2010;23:205–215)
Comparison of serum albumin, C‐reactive protein and carotid atherosclerosis as predictors of 10‐year mortality in hemodialysis patients
Authors: KATO Akihiko , TAKITA Takako , FURUHASHI Mitsuyoshi , MARUYAMA Yukitaka , HISHIDA Akira 
Published: March 2010

AbstractSerum albumin, C‐reactive protein (CRP), and the intima‐medial thickness of the common carotid artery (CA‐IMT) are associated with clinical outcomes in hemodialysis (HD) patients. However, it remains unclear which parameters are more reliable as predictors of long‐term mortality. We measured serum albumin, CRP, and CA‐IMT in 206 HD patients younger than 80 years old, and followed them for the next 10 years. One hundred sixty‐eight patients (age: 57 ± 11 years, time on HD: 11 ± 7 years) were enrolled in the analyses. We divided all patients into three tertiles according to their albumin levels, and conducted multivariate analyses to examine the impact on 10‐year mortality. Seventy‐three (43.5%) patients had expired during the follow‐up. Serum albumin was significantly lower in the expired patients than in the surviving patients (3.8 ± 0.3 vs. 4.0 ± 0.3, P<0.01), while CRP (4.7 ± 5.0 vs. 2.8 ± 3.5 g/L, P=0.01) and CA‐IMT (0.70 ± 0.15 vs. 0.59 ± 0.11 mm, P<0.01) were significantly higher in the expired group. The multivariate analysis revealed that there was a significantly higher risk for total mortality in HD patients with serum albumin <3.8 g/dL (odds ratio 5.04 [95% CI: 1.30–19.60], P=0.02) when compared with those with albumin >4.1 g/dL. In contrast, CRP and CA‐IMT did not associate with total death. It follows from these findings that serum albumin is more superior as a mortality predictor compared with CRP and CA‐IMT in HD patients.
Segmental bone defects: from cellular and molecular pathways to the development of novel biological treatments
Authors: Pneumaticos Spyros G. , Triantafyllopoulos Georgios K. , Basdra Efthimia K. , Papavassiliou Athanasios G. 
Published: March 2010

Abstract

Clinical background
Bone physiology – molecular cues and cellular responses
Standard treatment of segmental bone defects
Tissue engineering
The challenge of angiogenesis
Conclusions

Several conditions in clinical orthopaedic practice can lead to the development of a diaphyseal segmental bone defect, which cannot heal without intervention. Segmental bone defects have been traditionally treated with bone grafting and/or distraction osteogenesis, methods that have many advantages, but also major drawbacks, such as limited availability, risk of disease transmission and prolonged treatment. In order to overcome such limitations, biological treatments have been developed based on specific pathways of bone physiology and healing. Bone tissue engineering is a dynamic field of research, combining osteogenic cells, osteoinductive factors, such as bone morphogenetic proteins, and scaffolds with osteoconductive and osteoinductive attributes, to produce constructs that could be used as bone graft substitutes for the treatment of segmental bone defects. Scaffolds are usually made of ceramic or polymeric biomaterials, or combinations of both in composite materials. The purpose of the present review is to discuss in detail the molecular and cellular basis for the development of bone tissue engineering constructs.
Apoptosis of Hodgkin–Reed–Sternberg cells in classical Hodgkin lymphoma revisited
Authors: BENHARROCH DANIEL , EINAV INBAL , FELDMAN ALEXANDRA , LEVY AMALIA , ARIAD SAMUEL , GOPAS JACOB 
Published: March 2010

Benharroch D, Einav I, Feldman A, Levy A, Ariad S, Gopas J. Apoptosis of Hodgkin–Reed–Sternberg cells in classical Hodgkin lymphoma revisited. APMIS 2010; 118: 339–45.We scrutinized the role of apoptosis of the Hodgkin–Reed–Sternberg (HRS) cells in classical Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL) and critically reviewed its features in the light of conflicting evidence. In this study, we found that tumor cells in this neoplasm showed inhibition of apoptosis in 55% of the 217 cHL cases only. It is also suggested that the two factors considered responsible for apoptosis inhibition in HRS cells, nuclear factor‐κB and the latent membrane protein‐1 of the Epstein–Barr virus, do not correlate with apoptosis inhibition, in contrast with the findings in the consensual pathogenetic scheme. The most significant association of HRS cell apoptosis was with p53, the negative expression of which related with a high apoptotic index (p = 0.001). These findings support our contention that the role of apoptosis in the HRS cells of Hodgkin lymphoma has not been completely elucidated and is at variance with that in the consensus.
Alveolar ridge augmentation using implants coated with recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein‐7 (rhBMP‐7/rhOP‐1): histological observations
Authors: Susin Cristiano , Qahash Mohammed , Polimeni Giuseppe , Lu Ping Hung , Prasad Hari S. , Rohrer Michael D. , Hall Jan , Wikesjö Ulf M. E. 
Published: March 2010

Susin C, Qahash M, Polimeni G, Lu PH, Prasad HS, Rohrer MD, Hall J, Wikesjö UME. Alveolar ridge augmentation using implants coated with recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein‐7 (rhBMP‐7/rhOP‐1): histological observations. J Clin Periodontol 2010; 37: 574–581. doi: 10.1111/j.1600‐051X.2010.01554.x.AbstractBackground: Pre‐clinical studies have shown that recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein‐2 (rhBMP‐2) coated onto purpose‐designed titanium porous‐oxide surface implants induces clinically relevant bone formation and osseointegration. The objective of this study was to examine the potential of rhBMP‐7, also known as recombinant human osteogenic protein‐1 (rhOP‐1), coated onto titanium porous‐oxide surface implants to support vertical alveolar ridge augmentation and implant osseointegration.Materials and Methods: Bilateral, critical‐size, 5 mm, supraalveolar peri‐implant defects were created in six young adult Hound Labrador mongrel dogs. The animals received implants coated with rhBMP‐7 at 1.5 or 3.0 mg/ml randomized to contra‐lateral jaw quadrants. The mucoperiosteal flaps were advanced, adapted, and sutured to submerge the implants for primary intention healing. The animals received fluorescent bone markers at 3, 4, 7, and 8 weeks post‐surgery when they were euthanized for histological evaluation.Results: Without striking differences between treatments, the implant sites exhibited a swelling that gradually regressed to become hard to palpation disguising the implant contours. The histological evaluation showed robust bone formation; the newly formed bone assuming characteristics of the contiguous resident bone, bone formation (height and area) averaging 4.1±1.0 versus 3.6±1.7 mm and 3.6±1.9 versus 3.1±1.8 mm2; and bone density 56%versus 50% for implants coated with rhBMP‐7 at 1.5 and 3.0 mg/ml, respectively. Both treatments exhibited clinically relevant osseointegration, the corresponding bone–implant contact values averaging 51% and 47%. Notable peri‐implant resident bone remodelling was observed for implants coated with rhBMP‐7 at 3.0 mg/ml.Conclusions: rhBMP‐7 coated onto titanium porous‐oxide surface implants induces clinically relevant local bone formation including osseointegration and vertical augmentation of the alveolar ridge, the higher concentration/dose associated with some local side effects.
Evaluation of implants coated with rhBMP‐2 using two different coating strategies: a critical‐size supraalveolar peri‐implant defect study in dogs
Authors: Lee Jaebum , Decker John F. , Polimeni Giuseppe , Cortella Carlo Alberto , Rohrer Michael D. , Wozney John M. , Hall Jan , Susin Cristiano , Wikesjö Ulf M. E. 
Published: March 2010

Lee J, Decker JF, Polimeni G, Cortella CA, Rohrer MD, Wozney JM, Hall J, Susin C, Wikesjö UME. Evaluation of implants coated with rhBMP‐2 using two different coating strategies: a critical‐size supraalveolar peri‐implant defect study in dogs. J Clin Periodontol 2010; 37: 582–590. doi: 10.1111/j.1600‐051X.2010.01557.x.AbstractBackground: Implants coated with recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein‐2 (rhBMP‐2) induce relevant bone formation but also resident bone remodelling.Objectives: To compare the effect of implants fully or partially coated with rhBMP‐2 on new bone formation and resident bone remodelling.Materials and Methods: Twelve, male, adult, Hound Labrador mongrel dogs were used. Critical‐size, supraalveolar, peri‐implant defects received titanium porous oxide surface implants coated in their most coronal aspect with rhBMP‐2 (coronal‐load/six animals) or by immersion of the entire implant in an rhBMP‐2 solution (soak‐load/six animals) for a total of 30 μg rhBMP‐2/implant. All implants were air‐dried. The animals were euthanized at 8 weeks for histometric evaluation.Results: Clinical healing was uneventful. Supraalveolar bone formation was not significantly affected by the rhBMP‐2 application protocol. New bone height and area averaged (± SE) 3.4 ± 0.2 versus 3.5 ± 0.4 mm and 2.6 ± 0.4 versus 2.5 ± 0.7 mm2 for coronal‐load and soak‐load implants, respectively (p>0.05). The corresponding bone density and bone–implant contact (BIC) recordings averaged 38.0 ± 3.8%versus 34.4 ± 5.6% and 25.0 ± 3.8%versus 31.2 ± 3.3% (p>0.05). In contrast, resident bone remodelling was significantly influenced by the rhBMP‐2 application protocol. Bone density outside the implants threads averaged 74.7 ± 3.8% and 50.8 ± 4.1% for coronal‐load and soak‐load implants, respectively (p<0.05); bone density within the thread area averaged 51.8 ± 1.2% and 37.8 ± 2.9%, and BIC 70.1 ± 6.7% and 43.3 ± 3.9% (p<0.05).Conclusion: Local application of rhBMP‐2 appears to be a viable technology to support local bone formation and osseointegration. Coronal‐load implants obviate resident bone remodelling without compromising new bone formation.
Phylogenetic analysis for the Seoul National University (Minnesota) miniature pig by mitochondrial DNA sequence polymorphism
Authors: YEOM Su‐Cheong , KONG Dae‐Young , PARK Chung‐Gyu , LEE Byeong‐Chun , LEE Wang‐Jae 
Published: March 2010

ABSTRACTSeoul National University (SNU) miniature pigs are originated from the Minnesota miniature pig. This study was conducted to investigate the maternal origin of SNU (Minnesota) miniature pigs and their phylogenetic relationships by analyzing the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) D‐loop (control region) sequence. Two mtDNA D‐loop sequences of the SNU miniature pigs were identified. On an unweighted pair‐group method with an arithmetic mean (UPGMA) phylogenetic tree analysis, the large white was the pig breed closest to the SNU miniature pig, and the pairwise distance analysis showed the same result. While mtDNA sequences of 4 pig breeds which were used to establish Minnesota miniature pig were not known, our result might be different from the history of the Minnesota miniature pig development. In conclusion, we thought that some haplotypes of the Minnesota miniature pig maternally were originated from the Large white pig, or that wild pigs had similar mtDNA sequences to the Large white pig, and all SNU miniature pigs were derived from this colony.
Effects of misty‐fan cooling and supplemental rbST on rumen function and milk production of crossbred Holstein cattle during early, mid and late lactation in a tropical environment
Authors: CHANCHAI Wilaiporn , CHANPONGSANG Somchai , CHAIYABUTR Narongsak 
Published: March 2010

ABSTRACTTwo groups of five crossbred 87.5% Holstein cattle were housed in normal shade only (NS) as non‐cooled cows and in shaded housing with misty‐fan cooling (MF) as cooled cows. The cows were treated with recombinant bovine somatotropin (rbST) in early, mid and late lactation with three consecutive injections of rbST in every 14 days. Ambient temperatures and the temperature humidity index in the NS barn were significantly higher than those of the MF barn, whereas relative humidity in MF was higher than that of NS barn. The DMI of cooled cows were higher than those of non‐cooled cows, and cooled cows exhibited more response to rbST treatment. Exogenous rbST significantly increased milk yield throughout lactation. The rbST‐treated cows had higher total ruminal fermentation products as volatile fatty acid and ammonia nitrogen than the non‐rbST treated cows and associated changes were greater in cooled animals in all stages of lactation. Exogenous rbST increased the concentrations of milk urea nitrogen in both groups. These results suggest that the changes in ruminal fermentation with greater production of total VFA and NH3N in response to rbST in crossbred cows whether under misty‐fan cooling or not, is in part through an increase in feed intake, thereby making more substrate available to the mammary gland for milk synthesis.
In vitro measurement of post‐natal changes in proliferating satellite cell frequency during rat muscle growth
Authors: SUZUKI Takahiro , TAKAISHI Hideyuki , SAKATA Tomowa , DO Mai‐Khoi Q. , HARA Minako , SATO Akiko , MIZUNOYA Wataru , NISHIMURA Takanori , HATTORI Akihito , IKEUCHI Yoshihide , TATSUMI Ryuichi 
Published: March 2010

ABSTRACTSatellite cells, resident myogenic stem cells found in postnatal skeletal muscle, are most abundant during early postnatal development and sharply decline in frequency thereafter to adult levels in mice and rats. Therefore, postnatal changes in satellite cell mitotic activities are important aspects for further understanding a muscle growth strategy. In large meat‐production animals, however, the traditional in vivo proliferation assay may be less realistic because it requires intra‐peritoneal (ip) injection of huge dosage of mutagenic nucleosides, 3H‐labeled thymidine or bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU), at each age‐time of sacrifice. We report in the present pilot study using rats that in vivo proliferation activity of satellite cells can be evaluated by an in vitro BrdU‐incorporation assay in early cultures. Briefly, satellite cells were prepared from upper hind‐limb and back muscles and maintained for 24 h with imposing by BrdU addition for the last 2 h, followed by the regular immunocytochemistry for determining BrdU‐incorporated cell percentage. This in vitro assay demonstrated a rapid decrease in proliferating satellite cell frequency to the adult level during about 3‐month period after birth, and yielded a high correlation to the measurements by the in vivo BrdU ip‐injection method during the postnatal period examined from day‐2 to month‐11. The in vitro proliferation assay may be further adaptable for large domestic animals by the combination with a muscle biopsy technique that enables age‐interval sampling from the same growing animals.
Effect of polyphenols extracted from Tamarind (Tamarindus indica L.) seed coat on physiological changes, heterophil/lymphocyte ratio, oxidative stress and body weight of broilers (Gallus domesticus) under chronic heat stress
Authors: AENGWANICH Worapol , SUTTAJIT Maitree 
Published: March 2010

ABSTRACTThe aim of this experiment was to determine the effect of polyphenols extracted from tamarind (Tamarindus indica L.) seed coat on physiological changes, oxidative stress and production of male broilers maintained at high environmental temperatures. The results found that body temperature and respiratory rate of broilers maintained at 38 ± 2°C was higher than broilers maintained at 26 ± 2°C (P < 0.05). On day 1, the heterophil/ lymphocyte ratio of broilers maintained at 38 ± 2°C and received polyphenols at 300 and 400 mg/kg in diets was lower than broilers that received polyphenols at 0 and 200 mg/kg in diets (P < 0.05). At week 1, the malondialdehyde of the broilers maintained at 38 ± 2°C who received polyphenols at 400 mg/ kg in their diet was lower than broilers that received polyphenols at 100 and 200 mg/kg in diets (P < 0.05). At week 1, the body weights of broilers that were maintained at 38 ± 2°C who received polyphenols at 100–500 mg/ kg in diets, and broilers maintained at 26 ± 2°C were higher than that of the control group which had not been treated with a polyphenol diet (P < 0.05). This study indicated that polyphenols could reduce heat stress, oxidative stress and improve the growth rate of heat‐stressed broilers.
To Love the World Most Deeply: The Phenomenology of the World as Gift in Augustine's Confessions
Authors: McCurry Jeffrey 
Published: March 2010

AbstractWhile there is a tradition in western religious thought of “contemptus mundi”–hating the world–there is also a tradition of loving the world. Figures as diverse as Augustine, Nietzsche, and Freud have queried whether and how we can love the world: how we can enjoy it for its value. Whereas Nietzsche and Freud thought that a Christian theistic framework prevented us from loving the world, a close reading of Augustine's Confessions shows that this is not true, at least in one sense. For Augustine, this article tries to show, theorizes how it is precisely within a Christian theistic framework that we can love the world most deeply and take the most delight in the world. This vision of Augustine's is not without its own challenges, but it offers at the least a significant “response” to claims by those like Nietzsche and Freud who believe that Christian theism and loving the world are irreconcilable.