bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lingual mandibular bone defect. Case report and review of the literature
Authors: Tsui Sunny H. C. , Chan Franklin F. Y. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractAn unusual case of lingual mandibular bone defect (Stafne's bone cavity) is presented in which the lesion extended to above the inferior dental canal and caused expansion of the buccal cortical plate. The literature is reviewed with regard to the incidence, plausible aetiologic factors and methods of investigation of such lesions.
A comparison of the effects of Nd:YAG and Ho:YAG laser irradiation on dentine and enamel
Authors: Cernavin Igor 
Published: May 2009

AbstractThis preliminary study was undertaken to investigate the effects of Nd:YAG and Ho:YAG lasers on enamel and dentine of extracted teeth. The Ho:YAG laser (spot size 250 μm, energy density 4160 J/cm2) produced a cleaner puncture in dentine with less melting of the surrounding tissue than did the Nd:YAG laser (spot size 20 μm), energy density 50 000 J/cm2), which produced considerable melting and recrystallization of dentine and was more difficult to control. It was possible to cut enamel and dentine with both lasers, but considerable melted and recrystallized enamel was produced. From the limited observations of this study it appears that the Ho:YAG laser is more suitable for cutting both enamel and dentine than the Nd:YAG laser. More work needs to be done to ascertain the effect on enamel and dentine of modification of the parameters of both lasers.
Cellular adhesion molecules on periodontal lymphocytes
Authors: Gemmell Erica , Sved Anthony M. , Seymour Gregory J. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractT cell induced differentiation of B cells has been shown to be dependent on the CD2/LFA‐3 and LFA‐1/ICAM‐1 pathways. Flow cytometric analysis was used to examine these adhesion molecules on T and B cells extracted from gingival tissues before and after stimulation with the putative periodon‐topathic bacteria, Porphyromonas gingivalis and Fusobacterium nucleatum. Adhesion molecule expression on peripheral blood cells from healthy adults was used as a control. Approximately 50 per cent of B cells extracted from gingival tissues expressed LFA‐3 and ICAM‐1 compared with 30 per cent positive peripheral blood B cells. Around 50 per cent of gingival T cells expressed CD2 relative to 76 per cent positive peripheral blood T cells. However, 40–50 per cent of both gingival and peripheral blood T cells expressed LFA‐1. There was no difference in the expression of adhesion molecules on T and B cells extracted from health/marginal gingivitis or adult periodontitis lesions. After stimulation of gingival cells in vitro, the per cent CD2 positive T cells and LFA‐3 and ICAM‐1 positive B cells remained relatively stable over the six‐day culture period, although P. gingivalis and F. nucleatum appeared to induce an increase in the percentage of gingival T cells expressing LFA‐1. In contrast to the gingival lymphocytes, stimulation of peripheral blood cells resulted in an increase in the per cent CD2 positive T cells, LFA‐3 and ICAM‐1 positive B cells, with a decrease in LFA‐1 positive T cells. The results therefore demonstrated that gingival T and B cells express adhesion molecules in vivo. Stimulation of these cells with periodontopathy bacteria failed to increase expression, suggesting not only that these cells are already activated in vivo, but also that their phenotype is consistent with cell‐cell contact occurring in the gingival tissues. Whether or not this cell‐cell contact is also antigen specific remains to be determined.
Influence of adjacent teeth on impacted third molars in the upper and lower jaws
Authors: Yamaoka Minoru , Furusawa Kiyofumi , Yamamoto Masaya 
Published: May 2009

AbstractPanoramic radiographs of 1834 patients older than 21 years were evaluated for the prevalence of impacted teeth at different ages. The frequency of impacted teeth by age was constant, that is, the presence of completely impacted teeth could not be related to age.The interrelationship between the angulation of impacted teeth and the existence of adjacent teeth was studied in individuals older than 61 years. The angulation of most of the completely impacted teeth in the upper‐third molar region was horizontal when adjacent teeth were not present, whereas impacted teeth in the upper‐third molar region showed vertical angulation when adjacent teeth were present, suggesting that vertically impacted teeth may become exposed by bone resorption or infection and should be removed. The angulation of impacted lower third molars was horizontal irrespective of the presence of adjacent teeth. It appears that the interrelationship between the angulation of completely impacted teeth and the presence of adjacent teeth is different between the upper and lower third molar regions. The angulation of completely impacted teeth and the presence of adjacent teeth should be included in those criteria which determine whether or not completely impacted teeth should be removed.
Ectopic third molar in the maxillary sinus. Case Report
Authors: Di Felice R. , Lombardi T. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractEctopic eruption of teeth can occur in a wide variety of sites. These include the mandibular condyle, coronoid process, palate, nasal cavity and maxillary sinus. While this process is unusual, the detection of a third molar in the maxillary antrum is extremely rare. A case is presented of ectopic eruption of a third molar in the left maxillary sinus of a 35‐year‐old caucasian male giving rise to local morbidity.
The bonding of cold‐cured acrylic resin to acrylic denture teeth
Authors: Chung R. W. C. , Clark R. K. F. , Darvell B. W. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractThe necessary improvement of the bonding of denture teeth to the base resin has been hampered by inconsistent results and the consequent lack of clear guidance as to the best procedure to use. This state of affairs is in part due to poor experimental design. The tensile strength of notched planar interfaces between acrylic denture tooth material and cold‐cured acrylic resin was determined for various treatments under a protocol designed to minimize spurious failures. The tooth material treatment consisting of grinding and exposure to a methyl methacrylate‐trichloromethane mixture was, of those treatments, the most reliable in that no interfacial failures were observed. Strength was indistinguishable from that of both tooth and base acrylic under the same conditions.
Caries experience in rural Victorian adolescents
Authors: Soo Y. S. , Morgan M. V. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractAn oral health status survey was conducted on 818 adolescents aged 12 to 16 years in a non‐fluoridated area in rural Victoria. The prevalence and severity of dental caries experience was found to increase with age. The occlusal surface was the predominant surface affected by dental caries for all age groups. Filled surfaces represented the largest component of the DMFS index and were responsible for the increasing dental caries experience with age. Fewer fissure sealants were present with increasing age and second molars were sealed less often than the first molars. Although no difference was evident in the total caries experience between those with and without access to public dental services, a statistical difference was found to exist in unmet need between these two groups. Untreated caries levels were significantly higher in health card holders. The provision of preventive and dental treatment services to this group should be a priority in the future.
Dimensional changes of relined denture bases with heat‐cured, microwave‐activated, autopolymerizing, and visible light‐cured resins. A laboratory study
Authors: Sadamori Shinsuke , Siswomihardjo Widowati , Kameda Koji , Saito Atsushi , Hamada Taizo 
Published: May 2009

AbstractThe dimensional changes of relined denture bases were evaluated in a laboratory study. Heat‐cured resin, two autopolymerizing resins, microwave‐activated resin and a new visible light‐cured resin were used as relining materials in this study. The gaps between the metal die and the relined denture bases were measured immediately after the relining procedure and subsequently on the first day, first week, fourth week, and eighth week. The relined denture bases were stored in distilled water at 37°C between measurements.It was shown that dimensional changes in relined denture bases were influenced by the relining materials and procedures, and that heat‐cured resin proved to have the smallest dimensional change as well as the greatest dimensional stability in comparison with the other relining materials and procedures.
Dental air turbine handpiece performance testing*
Authors: Dyson J. E. , Darvell B. W. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractAir turbine handpieces are expected to continue to be widely used as the main means of carrying out dental cutting work and scope exists for further design improvements. An understanding of the theoretical principles governing the performance of these devices seems essential for the systematic development of better handpiece designs and methods of specification. Furthermore, for experimental work on cutting behaviour with air turbine equipment, this knowledge is required for appropriate characterization of the performance of the particular handpiece used with respect to actual rates of energy deposition.The literature relating to air turbine handpiece performance is critically reviewed to assess currently available methods of measuring important variables such as speed, torque, and power. In this, consideration is given to the current state of knowledge of the influence on these variables of air pressure, flow and turbine design features. It is apparent that, although various measurement methods have been described and data for individual handpieces published, no attempt has yet been made to explore the functional relationships that exist between the variables.It is concluded that there is a need to identify the factors influencing turbine performance, to develop measurement systems which would provide adequate accuracy and precision and then to investigate the functional relationships between these relevant variables.
The laryngeal mask airway for dental surgery—a review
Authors: Brimacombe J. , Berry A. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractThe ideal airway requirements for oral surgery are the provision of a stable, unobstructed airway, protection of the lungs from aspiration, minimal interference with the surgical field and a low complication rate. Neither the nasal mask nor endotracheal tube meet these requirements. The laryngeal mask airway (LMA), provides a third type of airway for consideration in oral surgery that offers some of the benefits of intubation and avoids many of the associated hazards. It can be inserted without use of a laryngoscope or muscle relaxants, and is designed to produce an airtight seal around the laryngeal inlet. It provides a secure airway suitable for spontaneous or controlled ventilation and acts as an airtight throat pack. Scavenging of waste gases is possible, and it is well tolerated during recovery. A modification, specifically designed for head, neck and dental anaesthesia, has recently become available. The purpose of this article is to provide a brief overview of the LMA with special emphasis on its use in oral surgery.
The effect of cement thickness on the fracture strength of all‐ceramic crowns
Authors: Tuntiprawon Morakot , Wilson Peter R. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractThe effect of increasing cement thickness on the fracture strength of aluminous porcelain jacket crowns was investigated in this study. Thirty‐three aluminous porcelain jacket crowns were divided into three groups. In Group 1, only platinum foil was used to provide cement space. In Group 2 two layers and Group 3 four layers of die spacer were painted onto the metal die before impression taking. Each crown was cemented onto a metal die with zinc phosphate cement and loaded until fracture. The maximum force to break each crown was recorded. The average fracture load was 408 N for Group 1,365 N for Group 2 and 324 N for Group 3. ANOVA (SPSS) found a significant difference (p < 0.05) between groups. A Scheffe Test revealed a significant difference between Groups 1 and 3. It was concluded that increasing the cement thickness above 70 μm reduced the fracture strength of porcelain jacket crowns.
The effect of the Myo device on the gingival health in orthodontic patients
Authors: Flannery G. M. , McCloud P. I. , West V. C. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractThe purpose of the present investigation was to determine the effectiveness of the Myo in reducing plaque and gingivitis development in orthodontic patients using a single‐blind, cross‐over design. Thirty subjects were randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. All subjects continued their customary oral hygiene procedures. In addition, the experimental group was instructed to chew on the Myo for four minutes, twice each day. Plaque Index and Gingivitis Index were assessed each time the subjects attended their scheduled orthodontic appointment. The patients failed to demonstrate any significant reduction in plaque and gingivitis development when the Myo was introduced as an additional oral hygiene measure. Some soft tissue injuries were found.
Supernumerary impactions of the mandibular cuspids and bicuspids. Case report
Authors: Yamaoka Minoru , Furusawa Kiyofumi , Okamoto Shigeo 
Published: May 2009

AbstractA case involving the presence of supernumerary cuspids and bicuspids is described. The condition was probably an inherited one because of the family history and the bilateral incidence. The supernumerary teeth erupted because of alveolar resorption in which inflammatory factors probably played a role. Radiographic follow‐up of the site of supernumerary impacted teeth and alveolar resorption should be undertaken.
Comparison of silk sutures and n‐butyl‐2‐cyanoacrylate on the healing of skin wounds. A pilot study*
Authors: Giray C. B. , Sungur A. , Atasever A. , Araz K. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractThe synthetic tissue adhesive n‐butyl‐2‐cyanoacrylate (Histoacryl: Blue) and silk sutures were compared on the backs of guinea‐pigs as the means for closing skin incisions. On the post‐operative 3rd, 7th, 14th and 21st days, specimens from each group were obtained and evaluated under light microscopy. Sections were analysed for the degree of inflammation, giant cell reaction, fibroblastic and capillary ceil activity and were ranked statistically. The results showed that the silk sutures caused severe inflammatory and giant cell reaction when compared with Histoacryl and the healing process was slower than with n‐butyl‐2‐cyanoacrylate.
Reverse smoking and palatal mucosal changes in Filipino women. Epidemiological features
Authors: Mercado‐Ortiz Georgiana , Wilson David , Jiang De‐Jun 
Published: May 2009

Abstract— The habit of reverse smoking is practised in various parts of the world including the Philippines. In this pilot, community‐based, cross‐sectional study carried out in the region of Cabanatuan City in the Philippines, 61 Filipina reverse smokers and 30 Filipina conventional smokers were interviewed and clinically examined. Seven demographic variables and twelve habit variables were compared in the two study groups.The majority (96.7 per cent) of reverse smokers exhibited palatal mucosal changes including leukoplakia, mucosal thickening, Assuring, pigmentation, nodularity, erythema and ulceration. In comparison, only 26.7 per cent of conventional smokers exhibited mucosal changes predominantly focal pigmentation and mild erythema. This difference was statistically significant at a X2 value of 47.28 (p<.001). Analysis of the other variables indicated that the two study groups differed significantly with regard to age (p<.05), educational attainment (p<.01), use of filtered versus non‐filtered cigarettes (p<.001) and duration of smoking in years (p<.01).
Utilization of personal protective equipment in general dental practice
Authors: Lange P. , Savage N. W. , Walsh L. J. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractThe principles of universal precautions are central to infection control. These principles form the basis of current guidelines for the use of personal protective equipment (PPE) in dental practice. This study, which examined the patterns of use of PPE in general dental practice, was based on a postal survey of 260 dentists in Brisbane (41 per cent of the total private general practitioners in the region). Routine use of PPE was commonplace (gloves, 84.6 per cent; masks, 55.7 per cent; eyewear, 77.6 per cent), but complete compliance with current recommendations for glove handling and hand care had not been achieved. Potential problem areas in terms of attitudes to PPE were identified, as were inconsistencies in the use of PPE in both clinical and non‐clinical settings. These findings emphasize the need for further educational campaigns In practical infection control measures.
Choosing Dentistry as a career ‐ A profile of entering students (1992) to the University of Sydney, Australia
Authors: Brand A. A. , Chikte U. M. E. , Thomas C. J. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractThe present study is an investigation of motives students have for wishing to become dentists. The study population comprised 85 first year dental students of the class of 1992 at the University of Sydney. A questionnaire which sought information on student demography, attitudes to dentistry, and motive rankings was administered. Demographic findings indicated that the majority of students came from countries in the Pacific rim and the male/female ratio was 62 to 38 per cent. Responses to the attitude questionnaire showed that Australian student motives for becoming dentists did not differ from those of students in other countries. The most predominant of these motives was to serve others, to become independent, to enjoy job satisfaction, and to acquire financial security. The least important motives were manual and communication skills, science and knowledge, and surprisingly, status and prestige. To attribute meaning and value to these motives, however, reflects inconsistencies which are expressed as contradictions between motive categories, between items within categories, and between motive categories and motive rankings.When one considers the basis upon which career decisions are made, disparity in the findings may be attributable to a decision‐making process that rests on subjective rather than objective criteria.
Dentistry's role in obstructive sleep apnoea. Review and case report
Authors: Miles Peter G. , Nimkarn Yupares , De Leeuw Barry J. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractObstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) has been associated with many life‐threatening conditions but has only recently appeared in the dental literature. Dental appliances and orthognathic surgery are two strategies which are currently used in the treatment of sleep apnoea. This article provides a background on OSA and these treatment approaches, and discusses the potential risks and benefits of each. A case is reported to illustrate the use of a dental appliance in the treatment of OSA.
Factors affecting the amount of long‐term restorative dental treatment provided to 100 patients by 20 dentists in 3 Adelaide private practices
Authors: Hawthorne W. S. , Smales R. J. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractApart from the effects of the frequency of patient attendance for dental examination, and of a change of dentist, little is known of those factors which may influence the amount of treatment provided in dental practice. The present study investigated during 1992 the effects of seven factors on the amount of treatment provided for 100 adult patients treated by 20 male dentists over many years in three selected Adelaide private practices. The amounts of particular types of restorative treatments provided were significantly related to patient age, gender and frequency of attendance, and to practice location, change of dentist and number of changes of dentist, and to the experience or time since graduation of the dentist. These factors were of special significance for the number of crowns provided, most of which were placed in older patients by more experienced dentists. But, there was no evidence of increased numbers of direct placement restorations being received by patients who attended more frequently or who changed their dentists.
Oral conditions and their social impact among HIV dental patients
Authors: Coates Elizabeth , Slade Gary D. , Goss Alastair N. , Gorkic Ed 
Published: May 2009

AbstractThis study aimed to assess oral health status and the social impact of oral conditions among dental patients with HIV infection in comparison with general dental patients receiving public‐funded care in Adelaide, South Australia. DMFT and CPITN indices were recorded by one dentist at a clinic for HIV dental patients. The data were compared with information from an existing survey of general dental patients. Social impact was assessed using the Oral Health Impact Profile questionnaire and responses from HIV dental patients were compared with responses from a telephone interview survey of Adelaide residents. HIV patients were aged 21 to 49 years (median *** 34), 90.7 per cent were male and 29.6 per cent had stage 4 HIV infection. Oral candida was present among 32.0 per cent, hairy leukoplakia among 24.1 per cent, HIV gingivitis among 18.5 per cent, and HIV periodontitis among 33.3 per cent. The DMFT index and its components did not differ significantly between HIV and general dental patients, while CPITN scores were lower among HIV patients (p = 0.01). However social impact among HIV patients was frequent: 64.6 per cent reported toothache, 43.7 per cent avoided foods, and 16.7 per cent avoided going out because of dental problems. HIV patients reported significantly greater levels of social impact than the Adelaide sample (p < 0.01). Patients to this clinic frequently presented with severe and disabling oral conditions which were not adequately captured using standard clinical indices.
A comparison of patients attending general dental practices employing or not employing dental hygienists
Authors: Brown Louise Frances 
Published: May 2009

AbstractPrevious studies have shown that dental practices employing dental hygienists provide a more periodontally oriented mix of dental services. Little is known about differences in the characteristics of patients who attend these practices, and whether these reflect the orientation of service delivery. In this study, a comparison was made between patients attending private general dental practices employing hygienists and patients attending practices without hygienists in Adelaide, South Australia. A questionnaire was mailed to 2391 patients, and valid responses were received from 632 patients attending 12 practices employing hygienists, and 1052 patients attending 22 practices not employing hygienists. Bivariate analysis of the responses comparing the two groups of patients was conducted using ANOVA for continuous variables and chi‐square statistics for categorical variables. A multiple logistic regression model was developed to identify characteristics of patients attending practices with hygienists. Examination of significant (p<0.05) findings revealed that patients attending practices with hygienists had a higher socio‐economic status, had a more preventive pattern of use of services, had better knowledge of periodontally related topics and it was more likely that the dental profession was their main source of information on these topics. These findings indicate that patient profiles do reflect the orientation of service delivery within dental practices and raise the question of whether the denial practice alters the patient's knowledge and behaviour or whether certain patients selectively seek care from practices with hygienists.