bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Implicit leadership theory among Malaysian managers
Authors: Subramaniam Anusuiya , Othman Rozhan , Sambasivan Murali 
Published: June 2010

PurposeThis paper aims to examine implicit leadership theory (ILT) among Malaysian managers and the impact of the gap between the ILT and actual leader behavior on leader‐member exchange (LMX) quality.Design/methodology/approachA survey of 137 Malaysian managers working under the supervision of Malaysian and Japanese superiors in five Japanese multi‐national corporations (MNCs) in Malaysia was conducted to test the hypotheses of this study.FindingsThe results reveal that there is a distinct Malaysian ILT. It also found that there are differences in the ILT of different ethnic groups in Malaysia. Contrary to expectations, there is no significant difference in the leadership expectation gap among managers reporting to superiors from the same background compared to superiors from a different nationality and ethnic background. Duration of managers' relationship with their superior have a moderating effect on the relationship between leadership expectation gap and LMX quality.Practical implicationsThe findings of this study can serve practitioners in organizational and leadership development by contributing to the awareness that ILT affects the quality of a leader's exchange within his or her followers.Originality/valueThis paper contributes to the literature by providing a first insight on ILT in the Malaysian context, particularly on the variation across the main ethnic groups in the country.
Integrating new technology in established organizations
Authors: Karlsson Christer , Taylor Margaret , Taylor Andrew 
Published: June 2010

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to identify and examine the various mechanisms that can be used to integrate new technology into existing products, and to determine some of the conditions under which specific integration mechanisms are most appropriate.Design/methodology/approachThe paper adopted an exploratory theory‐building approach based on analysis of data from 12 case studies, each representing companies with varying levels of: technological maturity of the organization and technological advancement of their products. Informants were managers and engineers who had responsibility for, or a significant role in, the integration of software and hardware. At least three interviews were conducted in each company and all interviews were of at least two hours duration. In total, 41 interviews were conducted. The different approaches used for technology integration were examined and subsequently mapped using the twin dimensions outlined above.FindingsCross‐case pattern analysis indicates that for technologically mature organizations, mechanisms based on processes are most appropriate, while for less mature organizations an approach based on structural mechanisms may be more suitable. Similarly, in cases involving high levels of technology advancement in the products, integration mechanisms based on processes and culture are preferable, whereas for low technology products the mechanisms are clustered around resource‐based approaches.Research limitations/implicationsMultiple cases do not permit as much depth as the classic single case study and tend to yield “modest” rather than “grand” theoretical development. The use of scaling to convert qualitative data into quantitative data, and the identification of patterns in cross‐case analysis are both based on interpretive judgements. Future research should examine the proposed model and its constructs in different settings and using alternative research methods. There is also an opportunity to explore the relationships between the integration mechanisms and the outcomes of integration projects, and finally, it would be useful to extend the work to service settings and to integration of process technology.Practical implicationsThe findings provide guidance to managers in selecting alternative approaches to managing the process of technology integration in different contexts. Examples are given of practices associated with each integration mechanism, together with some of the tensions and challenges which arise during implementation.Originality/valueThe paper provides clear guidance on the approaches that can be used for technology integration for product development. It classifies these according to the level of maturity and experience in the organization and the level of advancement of the product offered by the technology.
Applying of genetic algorithm for optimizing methane combustion reactions
Authors: Labbaf Khaniki Vahid , Seraj Mehdizadeh Nasser 
Published: June 2010

PurposeThe aim of this paper is to find the optimal values of the reaction rates coefficients for the combustion of a methane/air mixture for a given reduced reaction mechanism which has a high appropriateness with full reaction mechanism.Design/methodology/approachA multi‐objective genetic algorithm (GA) was used to determine new reaction rate parameters (A's, β's, and Ea's in the non‐Arrhenius expressions). The employed multi‐objective structure of the GA allows for the incorporation of perfectly stirred reactor (PSR), laminar premixed flames, opposed flow diffusion flames, and homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) engine data in the inversion process, thus enabling a greater confidence in the predictive capabilities of the reaction mechanisms obtained.FindingsThe results of this study demonstrate that the GA inversion process promises the ability to assess combustion behaviour for methane, where the reaction rate coefficients are not known. Moreover it is shown that GA can consider a confident method to be applied, straightforwardly, to the combustion chambers, in which complex reactions are occurred.Originality/valueIn this paper, GA is used in more complicated combustion models with fewer assumptions. Another consequence of this study is less CPU time in converging to final solutions.
Suboptimal cycle bases of graphs using ant colony system algorithm
Authors: Kaveh A. , Daei M. 
Published: June 2010

PurposeCycle bases of graphs have many applications in science and engineering. For an efficient force method of structural analysis, a special cycle basis corresponding to sparse cycle adjacency matrix is required. The purpose of this paper is to develop an ant colony system (ACS) algorithm for the generation of a cycle basis, leading to suboptimal cycle bases.Design/methodology/approachIn this paper, an ACS algorithm is developed for the generation of a cycle basis, leading to suboptimal cycle basis corresponding to highly sparse flexibility matrices. Examples are included to illustrate the efficiency of the developed algorithm.FindingsA new approach is developed which uses the recently developed ACS algorithm for the optimization.Originality/valuePreviously, graph theoretical method had been used for the formation of suboptimal cycle bases. Here, optimization is performed using ACS algorithm for the first time.
Computational kinematics for robotic manipulators: instantaneous motion pattern
Authors: Salgado Oscar , Altuzarra Oscar , Viadero Fernando , Hernández Alfonso 
Published: June 2010

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to provide a general approach to compute, determine, and characterize the connectivity of the end‐effector of a robotic manipulator of arbitrary architecture, in any of the postures that it can reach.Design/methodology/approachThe types of motion of this link, i.e. translational, screw motions, combinations thereof, and self‐motions, are first defined and determined, simplifying the understanding of the instantaneous behaviour of the manipulator, aided by the definition of an alternative input basis.FindingsThe characterization provided by this paper simplifies the understanding of the instantaneous behaviour of the manipulator. The mobility of the end‐effector is completely characterized by the principal screws of its motion, which can be obtained from a generalized eigenproblem. In the process, alternative demonstrations of well‐known properties of the principal screws are provided.Research limitations/implicationsThe approach presented is focused on the kinetostatic analysis of manipulators, and therefore, subjected to rigid body assumption.Practical implicationsThis paper proposes effective approaches for engineering analysis of robotic manipulators.Originality/valueThis approach is based on a pure theoretical kinematic analysis that can characterize computationally the motion that the end‐effector of an industrial robot of general morphology (i.e. serial, parallel, hybrid manipulators, complex mechanisms, redundant or non‐redundantly actuated). Also, being implemented on a general‐purpose software for the kinematic analysis of mechanisms, it provides visual information of the motion capabilities of the manipulator, highly valuable on its design stages.
Three‐dimensional ellipsoidal discrete element modeling of granular materials and its coupling with finite element facets
Authors: Yan Beichuan , Regueiro Richard A. , Sture Stein 
Published: June 2010

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to develop a discrete element (DE) and multiscale modeling methodology to represent granular media at their particle scale as they interface solid deformable bodies, such as soil‐tool, tire, penetrometer, pile, etc., interfaces.Design/methodology/approachA three‐dimensional ellipsoidal discrete element method (DEM) is developed to more physically represent particle shape in granular media while retaining the efficiency of smooth contact interface conditions for computation. DE coupling to finite element (FE) facets is presented to demonstrate initially the development of overlapping bridging scale methods for concurrent multiscale modeling of granular media.FindingsA closed‐form solution of ellipsoidal particle contact resolution and stiffness is presented and demonstrated for two particle, and many particle contact simulations, during gravity deposition, and quasi‐static oedometer, triaxial compression, and pile penetration. The DE‐FE facet coupling demonstrates the potential to alleviate artificial boundary effects in the shear deformation region between DEM granular media and deformable solid bodies.Research limitations/implicationsThe research is being extended to couple more robustly the ellipsoidal DEM code and a higher order continuum FE code via overlapping bridging scale methods, in order to remove dependence of penetration/shear resistance on the boundary placement for DE simulation.Practical implicationsWhen concurrent multiscale computational modeling of interface conditions between deformable solid bodies and granular materials reaches maturity, modelers will be able to simulate the mechanical behavior accounting for physical particle sizes and flow in the interface region, and thus design their tool, tire, penetrometer, or pile accordingly.Originality/valueA closed‐form solution for ellipsoidal particle contact is demonstrated in this paper, and the ability to couple DE to FE facets.
Community banks and deposit market share growth
Authors: Filbeck Greg , Preece Dianna , Woessner Stephen , Burgess Steve 
Published: June 2010

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine whether community banks have gained market share at the expense of larger, regional banks in small metropolitan statistical areas (MSAs). The authors also seek to examine market share gains of community banks relative to each other.Design/methodology/approachThe empirical research is conducted using deposit and market share data for community and regional banks between 2001 and 2008. The authors employ regression analysis.FindingsIt is found that community banks have gained market share. When regional banks are excluded and the market share gains of community banks relative to each other examined it is found that community banks with lower market shares gain relative to banks with a larger initial share of the deposit market.Research limitations/implicationsResearch is conducted using eight metropolitan statistical areas (MSAs) in Wisconsin, Minnesota, and Iowa. Thus, conclusions drawn are based on analysis conducted in one region of the United States.Practical implicationsThe paper's findings are in contrast to traditional thinking about size and market share and suggest that community bank managers should focus on each other as well as regional and mega‐bank competitors.Originality/valueThe paper uses market share as a proxy for bank size as a means of explaining the competitive landscape that exists within community banking.
Online banking adoption: an empirical analysis
Authors: Yee‐Loong Chong Alain , Ooi Keng‐Boon , Lin Binshan , Tan Boon‐In 
Published: June 2010

PurposeThis paper aims to empirically examine the factors that affect the adoption of online banking in Vietnam. Perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, trust and government support were examined to determine if these factors are affecting online banking adoption.Design/methodology/approachA survey was distributed to 156 respondents in Vietnam with 103 usable samples giving a response rate of 66 percent. Data were analyzed by employing correlation and multiple regression analysis.FindingsThe results showed that perceived usefulness, trust and government support all positively associated with the intention to use online banking in Vietnam. Contrary to the technology acceptance model, perceived ease of use was found to be not significant in this study.Research limitations/implicationsThis study was conducted in Vietnam and future research can use this model to study the adoption of online banking in other countries.Practical implicationsThe results allow banks' decision makers to develop strategies that can increase the adoption of online banking. Banks should improve the security and privacy of the web sites, which will increase the trust of users. Banks should also create features which are useful to users and make sure users are aware of these features. Lastly, government should also play a role to support banks in their efforts to increase online banking adoption.Originality/valueThe findings allow the factors that can influence the adoption of online banking in Vietnam to be understood. Unlike existing studies based on Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), this study includes both security and government support on top of the existing variables used in TAM. Most studies on adoption of online banking are focused on developed countries. By focusing on Vietnam, this model can also be applied to other countries which are relatively new to e‐commerce and online banking.
Third sector banking
Authors: Katz Ron 
Published: June 2010

PurposeUS foundations make up such a large part of the economy that they form a distinct economic sector. In the UK this is commonly referred to as the third sector. The first and second sectors are private business and the government itself. In the United States, the third sector controls over $3 trillion and enjoys exceptional liquidity. This article aims to provide a blueprint for a highly productive engagement of foundations and banks to harness these assets for the benefit of not‐for‐profit organizations, the depositing foundations, and the banks themselvesDesign/methodology/approachThe paper explains how these third sector enterprises., intent on being helpful, are so befuddled structurally that they have failed to do what any person would do with similar liquid assets, It then supplies an organizational and marketing methodology for harnessing some of those assets to the benefit of the respective missions of foundations, not‐for‐profit organizations, and for‐profit banking companies.FindingsA modest reorganization of existing bank and philanthropic structures will open the door to harmonious engagements between foundations and banks for their mutual benefit and for the benefit of their clients and beneficiaries.Originality/valueThe findings herein are a novel utility which comes into being through the innovative engagement of foundations, not‐for‐profit organizations, and banking companies that want to enjoy low risk, high reward expansion of both deposits and assets.
Testing perceived relational benefits as satisfaction and behavioral outcomes drivers
Authors: Dimitriadis Sergios 
Published: June 2010

PurposeThis paper aims to investigate the different types of perceived relational benefits in the bank‐retail customer relationship. It further seeks to assess the influence of these benefits on satisfaction with the bank and on three behavioral outcomes, word‐of‐mouth, intention to continue the relationship and cross‐buying.Design/methodology/approachThree focus groups with retail bank customers were conducted to identify perceived relational benefits. Then exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were run on survey data to confirm the structure of relational benefits. Finally, a structural equation model was estimated in order to test the relationships between relational benefits, satisfaction with the bank and behavioral outcomes. The country of study was Greece.FindingsFive types of perceived relational benefits were identified: two trust‐related (competence and benevolence), special treatment, social and convenience. Only competence and convenience significantly affect satisfaction with the bank. No direct link between relational benefits and behavioral outcomes was found, as satisfaction plays a mediating role between them.Research limitations/implicationsFindings are context specific but extend previous knowledge on the nature of relational benefits and point out the need to study trust benefits in a multidimensional way as well as to further confirm “convenience” relational benefits.Practical implicationsFindings suggest additional leverages to build relationships and help identify priorities for enhancing overall bank satisfaction through relational actions.Originality/valueThis is the first time that two types of trust‐related benefits are distinguished and a convenience benefit is identified. Further, two of these newly identified benefits (convenience and competence) are the ones that build satisfaction.
Audit committee effectiveness: a public sector case study
Authors: Magrane Johnathan , Malthus Sue 
Published: June 2010

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine the conditions and processes affecting the operation of an audit committee within the context of a New Zealand district health board (DHB).Design/methodology/approachThe methodology used in this paper was exploratory and qualitative, including the analysis of secondary data and semi‐structured interviews.FindingsUsing the New Zealand Auditor‐General's best practice guidelines for a public sector audit committee as a benchmark, the paper finds that the DHB rates moderately well in terms of “effectiveness potential”. However, factors are identified concerning the audit committee members' independence, competence, tenure, and remuneration, which impinge upon the overall effectiveness of the audit committee. Despite apparent shortcomings in these areas, the informal networks between audit committee members and management serve to maximise the “realisation” of what potential effectiveness exists. As a result, the audit committee is perceived by its stakeholders (management, auditors, and committee members) as being a valuable tool to assist the DHB board in achieving proper governance.Practical implicationsThere are no specific regulatory or legislative requirements for establishing audit committees in the New Zealand public sector. The findings from this paper may be useful to public sector entities that are considering establishing an audit committee and to entities, including the one in this paper, that wish to improve the effectiveness of their existing audit committees.Originality/valueMost studies of audit committees to date have focuses on corporate sector entities; this is the first qualitative paper of an audit committee of a public sector entity in New Zealand.
Examination of the actual turnover decisions of female auditors in public accounting
Authors: Law Philip 
Published: June 2010

PurposeThe inability of public accounting practices to retain female auditors is of concern to the profession. The purpose of this paper is to examine the factors associated with the actual turnover decisions made by female auditors in the public accounting profession.Design/methodology/approachMultinomial logistic regression is used to analyze survey data from 247 female auditors who were formerly employed by public accounting firms in Hong Kong. About 20 semi‐structured interviews are conducted to supplement the findings.FindingsThe results reveal that role conflict has the highest explanatory power among the independent variables. Social comparison with peers, stress and age are also influential factors in the turnover decisions made by female auditors in the public accounting field. These results support social comparison theory, which asserts that individuals are driven to evaluate their abilities and opinions through social comparison with others. A particularly interesting finding is that neither physical appearance nor gender discrimination is an influential factor, which contradicts the findings of research carried out in the USA and Japan.Originality/valueAccording to human capital theory, the departure of female auditors from the public accounting profession represents a significant loss in human capital. Public accounting firms should thus take immediate measures to retain this valuable source of human capital and achieve the goal of a gender‐diverse workplace.
Reconstruction of individualized dress forms using parameterized silhouettes
Authors: Hu Xinrong , Xu Bugao 
Published: June 2010

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to develop a fast parameterized modeling approach to generate individualized dress forms for realistic human bodies.Design/methodology/approachAn individualized dress form is created by deriving a new set of fitting functions from a number of key existing dressing parameters and pre‐defined templates. The fitting functions only contain simple shapes of circular and/or elliptical arcs, which can be modified computationally based on a few personal dressing data.FindingsThis paper reaffirms that individual body shape can be adequately described by a number of critical cross‐section silhouettes, and a personalized dress form can be constructed based on key dressing parameters and templates.Originality/valueThe fitting functions and relevant dressing data for specific cross‐sectional silhouettes are determined, permitting a user to create personalized dress forms only by inputting a simple set of dressing parameters.
Fast cloth collision detection using collision matrix
Authors: Hwan Sul In 
Published: June 2010

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to develop a new and simple methodology for fabric collision detection and response.Design/methodology/approachA 3D triangle‐to‐triangle collision problem was converted to simple 2D point‐in‐triangle problem using pre‐computed 4×4 transformation matrices. The object space was partitioned using voxels to find easily collision pair triangles. k‐DOP was used to find inter‐pattern collisions.FindingsComplex 3D collision detection problem is solved by simple matrix operations. Voxel‐based space partitioning and k‐DOP‐based hierarchical methods are successfully applied to garment simulation.Originality/valueThis paper shows that the collision matrix method can cover from triangle‐to‐point to triangle‐to‐triangle collision with mathematical validity and can be simply implemented in garment simulation.