bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Raman effect study of the compound HNO3. 2 SO3
Authors: Gerding H. , Steeman J. W. M. , Revallier L. J. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThe Raman frequency shifts of the compound HNO3. 2 SO3 in the liquid state at about 120° are given. The depolarization factors of the majority of the Raman lines have been determined. The strongest Raman line of the spectrum with Δ∼ν = 1402 cm−1 (15s, 0.12) is typical for the nitronium ion NO2+. The compound HNO3. 2 SO3 has to be considered in all probability as NO2 + HS2O7‐.
Derivatives of bis(4‐aminophenyl)‐sulfone. III. Bis(4‐hydrazinophenyl)‐sulfone and its derivatives
Authors: Sah Peter P. T. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractFor chemotherapeutic studies, bis (4‐hydrazinophenyl)‐sulfone was prepared with an excellent yield from bis (4‐aminophenyl)‐sulfone and then converted to the following derivatives: (1) vitamin C derivative (red platelets discoloring at 200°), which inhibits completely the growth of M. Tb. in vitro at a concentration of 2 mg per 10 cm3 of culture and as effective as sulfanilamide in streptococcus hemolyticus infections in mice; (2) vitamin K3 derivative (purplish red leaflets, m.p. 234 to 235°) which is neither active in vitro against M. Tb. nor effective in streptococcus hemolyticus infection in mice; and (3) phthiacol derivative (brownish red thick platelets, decomposing at 190°) which is as active in vitro against M. Tb. as the vitamin C derivative but not effective in strept. hemoly. infection in mice. The last two possess only slight antihemorrhagic activity.
The preparation of pyridine derivatives from halogenopyridines by means of the grignard reaction III. Application of the reaction to 3‐bromopyridine
Authors: Wibaut J. P. , van der Voort H. , Markus R. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractBy maintaining certain experimental conditions, 3‐bromopyridine can be reacted with magnesium; the compound produced reacts, e.g. with aldehydes or ketones with the formation of 3‐pyridyl‐carbinols. The synthesis of phenyl ‐ (pyridyl ‐ 3) ‐ carbinol, phenyl ‐ (pyridyl ‐ 3) ‐ methyl ‐ carbinol and 2‐methyl‐3‐(pyridyl‐3)‐propene‐1, is described.
Melting point diagram and heats of fusion of cis‐ and trans‐1,2‐dichloroethene
Authors: Broers G. H. J. , Ketelaar J. A. A. , van Velden P. F. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThe melting diagram of the system cis‐ and trans‐1,2‐dichloroethene was determined in the usual way, by measuring temperature‐time curves of samples of known composition, using a platinum resistance thermometer. Special care was taken in purifying the samples of both isomers. The binary diagram obtained turned out to be of the simple type, with one eutectic point at ‐90.3° C and 78 mol% cis‐isomer. By plotting the logarithms of the molefractions against 1/T. for both branches of the diagram straight lines were obtained. Apparently the system is of the ideal type. From the slopes of these lines heats of fusion were calculated. The values are:
Qualitative infra‐red analysis of mixtures of glyoxime, methylglyoxime and dimethylglyoxime
Authors: Boer H. , Goedkoop J. A. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractInfra‐red absorption spectra in the region from 3.5 to 13 μ have been recorded for solid glyoxime, methylglyoxime and dimethylglyoxime.It is shown that in mixtures of these three compounds, each one can be identified by the presence of a characteristic absorption band. This offers a convenient way of analysing the ozonolysis products of methyl substituted aromatic and heterocyclic compounds.Dorabialska's work on the stereoisomerism of dioximes is discussed
Derivatives of tetraza‐indolizines
Authors: Cook J. W. , Gentles R. P. , Tucker S. Horwood 
Published: September 2010

AbstractTetraza‐indolizines have been prepared by interaction between 5‐aminotetrazole and 2‐hydroxymethylene‐cyclohexanone and cyclopentanone, ethyl cyclohexanone‐2‐carboxylate, and potassium o‐iodobenzoate. The last‐named substance gave a known hydroxy‐benztetrazaindolizine, previously obtained by another type of method. A diethylaminoethylaminotetrazaindolizine was found to have no therapeutic action in experimental trypanosomiasis.
A colorimetric method for the determination of vitamin K3 in fortified fodders
Authors: van Koetsveld E. E. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractA colorimetric method is described for the determination of vitamin K3, 2‐methyl‐1,4‐naphthoquinone, in fodder preparations containing about 10% of fat.The determination depends on the coupling of 2,4‐dinitrophenylhydrazine as used by NovelliA. Novelli, Science 93, 358 (1941).
) and is a modification of the method of MenottiA. R. Menotti, Ind. Eng. Chem. Anal. Ed. 14, 418‐420 (1942).
), which makes the method of Novelli better suited for application to pharmaceutical preparations.A benzene extract is purified from carotenoids by chromatography over Floridine‐XS earth.
Amides VI: Studies on acetamide and diacetimide
Authors: Dunn P. , Polya J. B. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractDiacetimide is best purified by recrystallization from petroleum ether. The melting point curve of mixtures of acetamide and diacetimide establishes the existence of AcNH2. Ac2NH and may be used for the approximate evaluation of the purity of diacetimide preparations. Aqueous solutions of acetic acid, acetamide and diacetimide obey Szyszkowski's equation. Aqueous solutions of diacetimide are less stable than those of acetamide and decompose with a monomolecular velocity constant.
Transposition du p‐nitrophénylsulfonylamino‐benzimidazole: (Propriétés du groupe sulfonyle XIV
Authors: Backer H. J. , Dijkstra R. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractLa réaction de la p‐nitrophénylsulfonylcyanamide sur l'o‐phénylènediamine, en solution acétique, donne naissance à un dérivé du benzimidazole (II). En faisant réagir les deux composés dans d'autres conditions, on parvient à obtenir la p‐nitrophénylsulfonyl‐o‐aminophénylguanidine (I).La p‐nitrophénylsulfonylurée, réagissant sur le chlorhydrate de l'o‐phénylènediamine, donne la p‐nitrophénylsulfonyl‐o‐aminophénylurée (III). Le composé I, aussi bien que III, peut être transformé en dérivé de benzimidazole (II).La décomposition alcaline de I et de III conduit à la p‐nitro‐o′‐amino‐diphénylamine, composé peu accessible par d'autres voies.Le 2‐p‐nitrophénylsulfonylamino‐benzimidazole (II), étant une guanidine, se prête également à une transposition. Chauffé en solution alcaline, il engendre le 1‐nitrophényl‐2‐amino‐benzimidazole (VIII), dont on vérifie la structure en le synthétisant aux dépens de la guanidine et de la p‐nitro‐o'‐amino‐diphénylamine.
Emission spectra of some chemoluminescent reactions. Part II. The oxidation of derivatives of 2,3‐dihydrophthalazine‐1,4‐dione
Authors: Spruit‐van der Burg A. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractEmission spectra have been determined of the chemoluminescent reaction between a number of derivatives of dihydrophthalazinedione and hydrogen peroxide at a carbon anode in alkaline solution. Fluorescence spectra of the compounds in alkaline and acid solutions have also been determined. In most cases the maximum of the spectrum of chemoluminescence and that of fluorescence in acid solution are at nearly the same wavelength. However, the chemoluminescence spectra are broadened with respect to the fluorescence spectra.
The hydrogenation of conjugated systems particularly of chinese wood oil
Authors: van Loon J. , Kooij L. W. , Vermunt G. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThe literature on the hydrogenation of compounds with systems of conjugated double bonds is reviewed in connection with the hydrogenation of Chinese wood oil.However, further experiments showed, that the hydrogenation of this oil is a more complicated reaction than was previously assumed, for, besides addition of hydrogen, shifting of the double bonds also takes place.From the hydrogenation results and observations made on other and similar reactions, an attempt was made to explain, why this migration of the double bonds occurs in this way. Obviously the system of conjugated double bonds in elaeostearic acid does not invest a stable position and therefore tries to take a more stable one during the reaction.
A new synthesis of aryl‐aliphatic alcohols : I. On the preparation of 3‐phenyl‐propanol‐1 and 3‐phenyl‐butanol‐1
Authors: Beets M. G. T. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractA new synthesis of aryl‐aliphatic alcohols with the aryl‐group in the 3‐position, based upon hydrogenolysis of C‐O‐bonds of the benzyl ether‐type, is reported.
Quantitative spectrochemical analysis by means of the direct current carbon ARC part I. general methods
Authors: Addink N. W. H. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractIn view of the fact that in some spectrochemical laboratories all kinds of materials have to be analysed, a general method of complete evaporation by means of the direct current carbon arc has been worked out. This method has been successfully applied for over two years, during which time 2500 analyses have been carried out, 30% of which have yielded quantitative results. Difficulties encountered in putting the method to the test (spluttering, decreasing or increasing the speed of vaporization of materials to be analysed) are described in this paper.The method of successive addition has proved to be of importance for the determination of the exponent n in the equation:

(i = intensity of a spectrum line; k and n are constants and c the concentration of the element to be analysed): Some values of n are listed at the end of the paper. (The method of successive addition enables one to determine element concentrations independently of the chemical analysis, by adding successive amounts of that, element to the material under consideration and by measuring line intensities of mixtures prepared in this manner.)The method of measuring line intensities by means of s.p.d. scales, which gives rise to the choice of lines corresponding to electron transitions in the higher parts of the electron level diagram of an atom, has proved that the intensities of these lines show an n‐value of about 1. The accuracy of the results obtained is discussed (S.p.d. scales (standard paper density scales) contain a set of lines of well‐known increasing density (and corresponding relative intensity); the image of a spectrum line is compared with them on the screen of a spectrum projector. By this method the influence of background on line‐intensities is eliminated).
Quantitative spectrochemical analysis by means of the direct current carbon ARC: Part. II. Biological materials. A possible correlation between the zinc content of liver and blood and the cancer problem
Authors: Addink N. W. H. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractSpectrochemical analysis by means of the D.G carbon arc is particularly suitable for the determination of major as well as of minor constituents of biological material.Semiquantitative analyses show that the greatest differences in composition of blood and tissues between normal and tumor patients are found for zinc. This element can be considered as a “tracer” for proteins like insulin, uricase and carbonic anhydrase.Quantitative analyses show that the range of the zinc content of blood and liver tissue is more extended to higher values in cases of neoplasms, whereas major element concentrations appear to be unchanged. Values are also given for zinc percentages of malignant tumors, testicles and human sperm.In order to contribute to the solution of the cancer problem it may be of vital importance to investigate the behaviour of zinc containing proteins in the human body.
Reactions of bromo‐derivatives of 2‐ and 3‐ethoxypyridine when heated with hydrochloric acid solution
Authors: den Hertog H. J. , de Bruyn J. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThe behaviour of bromo‐derivatives of 2‐ and 3‐ethoxypyridine, when heated with aqueous hydrochloric acid, has been investigated.From 6‐bromo‐2‐ethoxypyridine, 6‐chloro‐2‐hydroxypyridine and from 2‐bromo‐3‐ethoxypyridine, 2‐chloro‐3‐hydroxypyridine are formed together with the corresponding dihydroxypyridines.During the heating of 5‐bromo‐3‐ethoxypyridine the bromine atom is not replaced, but the ethoxy group is substituted by the hydroxyl group.Both 3‐bromo‐2‐ethoxypyridine and 5‐bromo‐2‐ethoxypyridine are converted into a mixture of 3,5‐dibromo‐2‐hydroxypyridine and 2‐hydroxypyridine. We also observed a migration of the bromine atom in the corresponding benzene derivative (4‐bromophenetole), contrary to what is recorded in the literature.Halogeno‐derivatives of 6‐bromo‐2‐ethoxypyridine and 5‐bromo‐3‐ethoxypyridine react in the way expected from the data given above.
Derivatives of oxazolidinedione‐2,4: III. The action of alkali on substituted oxazolidinediones‐2,4 and substituted carbamylo‐α‐hydroxy‐esters
Authors: Rekker R. F. , Nauta W. Th. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractIn contrast with the oxazolidinediones‐2,4 which are not substituted on the nitrogen atom, the majority of N‐substituted oxazolidinediones‐2,4 are sensitive to alkali. With the latter compounds, hydrolysis takes place in two ways, an N‐substituted hydroxyamide being produced, along with a substituted carbamylo‐α‐hydroxy‐acid.A different scheme of reactions, which can be shown to be incorrect, has been suggested for this decomposition by Davies and Hook.From a number of oxazolidinediones‐2,4 the decomposition products have been isolated.Substituted carbamylo‐α‐hydroxy‐esters on treatment with alkali do not undergo direct hydrolysis, as suggested by Lambling, but ring closure occurs, followed by ring hydrolysis, with the formation of the two decomposition products (α‐hydroxyamide and carbamylo‐α‐hydroxy‐acid).
Scission du bis‐méthylthio‐bis‐méthylsulfonyl‐méthane: (Propriétés du groupe sulfonyle XVII)
Authors: Backer H. J. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractLe bis‐méthylthio‐bis‐méthylsulfonyl‐méthane peut être hydrolysé selon deux directions.En milieu alcalin un groupe thiométhyle est remplacé par l'hydrogène; les amines anhydres ont le même effet. En solution acide la réaction principale est la substitution d'un groupe méthylsulfonyle par l'hydroxyle, réaction suivie de la perte d'une seconde molécule d'acide méthanesulfinique.L'eau bouillante effectue les deux espèces d'hydrolyse au même degré. A la température ambiante l'eau provoque l'hydrolyse “alcaline” uniquement.Le mécanisme de ces scissions est discuté du point de vue de la structure électronique.
Amides VIII. Benzylidene and furylidene bisamides
Authors: Polya J. B. , Spotswood T. M. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThe preparation of bisamides of the type RCH(NHCOR′) (NHCOR″) with R = Ph or 2‐furyl, R′ and R″ = Me, Et, Ph, PhCH : CH and PhCH : CMe by the direct condensation of aldehydes and amides is described. With R = Ph, compounds of this type may be prepared from benzaldehyde and symmetrical diacylimines in the presence of potassium acetate. In this case R′CONH‐ is derived from the diacylimine and R″CONH‐ from the unsaturated amide which is also formed in this modification of the Perkin reaction. Theoretical aspects of these preparations are discussed.
Derivatives of oxazolidinedione‐2,4: IV. Quantitative results obtained in the hydrolysis of some oxazolidinediones‐2,4 and some carbamylo‐α‐hydroxy‐esters
Authors: Rekker R. F. , Nauta W. Th. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractIn the hydrolysis of 5,5‐dimethyl‐oxazolidinediones‐2,4 and 5‐phenyl‐oxazolidinediones‐2,4, with alkali, a carbamylo‐α‐hydroxy‐acid and an α‐hydroxy‐amide are produced in a constant ratio, independent of the nature of the N‐substituent, the decomposition temperature and the concentration of the alkali.For 5,5‐dimethyl‐oxazolidinediones‐2,4 this ratio is 1.66 on the average and for 5‐phenyl‐oxazolidinediones‐2,4 5.2 on the average.Practically the same ratios are found in the hydrolysis of the corresponding carbamylo‐α‐hydroxy‐esters.
Décomposition de la p‐tolylallylsulfone en milieu alcalin: (Les propriétés du groupe sulfonyle XVIII)
Authors: Backer H. J. , Strating J. , Drenth J. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractDésireux de résoudre le problème de cette décomposition décrite dans la littérature, les auteurs l'ont étudiée dans plusieurs conditions. La réaction conduit finalement à la p‐tolylméthylsulfone et à l'aldéhyde acétique. En outre elle engendre deux produits intermédiaires, la p‐tolyl‐2‐hydroxy‐propylsulfone et la p‐tolyl‐1‐propénylsulfone dont la structure est prouvée par synthèse. La configuration‐cis est attribuée à ce dernier produit.
Researches on the alkoxy‐aminonitrobenzenes: VII). N‐dialkylaminoalkyl derivatives
Authors: Verkade P. E. , Strube R. E. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThe preparation of some N‐dialkylaminoalkyl derivatives of 1‐n‐propoxy‐2‐amino‐4‐nitrobenzene and 1‐methoxy‐3‐amino‐5‐nitrobenzene is described. The substances obtained were tested for (local) anaesthetic action with the aid of the rabbit cornea test, the frog muscle sciatic nerve test and the goldfish test.
Reaction of 3‐bromopyridine‐N‐oxide with sulphuryl chloride
Authors: den Hertog H. J. , Boelrijk N. A. I. M. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractBy heating 3‐bromopyridine‐N‐oxide hydrochloride with sulphuryl chloride at 120°, 3‐bromo‐4‐chloropyridine is formed together with 3‐bromo‐2‐chloropyridine and some 3‐bromo‐6‐chloropyridine.
The influence of cations on the gelatin gel: I. The influence on the melting point
Authors: Nobel P. C. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThe experiments of Buchner and Meylink on the effect of ions of divalent metals on the melting point of the gelatin gel have been extended to the bromides and iodides of some of these metals. Since similar results were not observed, the chlorides were re‐examined. The relation found by Buchner and Meylink could not be confirmed. A relation between the concentrations of salt necessary to lower the melting point to a definite temperature and the equivalent conductance of the cations could be deduced, however. With the aid of these equations it was possible to calculate the depression of the melting point for 0.5 n solutions, which agreed with the experimental data.The maxima occurring in the melting curves are explained by the presence in the solution of insoluble hydroxides, produced as a result of hydrolysis. This was confirmed by an investigation with aluminium chloride and lanthanum chloride and some hydroxides. A connection has been found to exist between the heights of the maxima and the degrees of hydrolysis of the salts.The abnormal course of the melting curves with beryllium chloride, aluminium chloride and lanthanum chloride are discussed in more detail.
The action of aryllithium compounds on diarylketones: III. Synthesis of 2,2′‐bis‐(2,6‐Dimethylbenzoyl)‐3,3′‐dimethyldibenzyl
Authors: Faber A. C. , Nauta W. Th. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThe synthesis of 2,2‐bis‐(2,6‐dimethylbenzoyl)‐3,3′‐dimethylbenzyl is described starting from 2,6‐dimethylbenzoic acid. This substance appears to be identical with the condensation product obtained previously from 2.6‐dimethylphenyllithium and 2,6‐tetramethyl‐benzophenone.
The properties of the electrical double layer I: Thermodynamics of the double layer on silveriodide and mercury
Authors: Mackor E. L. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractA derivation is given of the thermodynamic formulae for the double layer of AgI and of mercury electrodes. It is shown that there is only a quantitative difference in the treatment of the two systems and so one can use the obvious similarities to get a better understanding of the AgI system.
Ptéridines formées par condensation de la dihydroxy‐acétone avec la 2,4,5‐triamino‐6‐hydroxypyrimidine
Authors: Backer H. J. , Houtman A. C. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractEn faisant réagir la dihydroxy‐acétone sur la triaminohydroxypyrimidine selon les indications de la littérature, on obtient un mélange dont on peut isoler les ptéridines 6‐ et 7‐hydroxyméthylés (IV, I, et qui, en outre, renferme une ou deux ptéridines méthylées (III, VI).
The properties of the electrical double layer II: The zero point of charge of AgI in water‐acetone mixtures
Authors: Mackor E. L. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThe change in the potential ϕ between the bulk of two phases can be measured with reasonable accuracy. A basic assumption, which is generally made in the model theory of the electrical double layer is that one knows the surface potential ψ. This inevitably leads to the conception of the χ potential of Lange‐Verwey. This χ potential between AgI and solution is treated in the present article.The concentrations of the Ag+ and I− ions at the zero point of charge in water‐acetone mixtures are measured. There is a sharp increase in this Ag+ ion concentration in the mixture up to 10 mole % acetone. This shift can be explained by the oriented adsorption of acetone on AgI, creating a change in the χ potential. The change in the free enthalpy of solvation of the Ag+ and I− ions can be deduced from the concentration measured at the zero point of charge at higher acetone concentrations.The shift is compared with the influence of some surface‐active substances on the polarised Hg electrode. The inference from it is that even in aqueous solutions the χ potential changes as a function of surface charge.
The properties of the electrical double layer III: The capacity of the double layer on Hg and on AgI
Authors: Mackor E. L. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractA model of the double layer on the basis of the Gouy‐Stern theory is given assuming the absence of chemisorption of counterions. The capacity K of the Stern layer is taken to be constant, but the χ potential located in the first water layer at the phase boundary is assumed to be a function of the surface charge. This theory is discussed using as an example the capacities of the Hg electrode in NaF solutions.The adsorption of silver and iodide ions on AgI at different concentrations of NaClO4 in water, 25% vol. and 100% vol. acetone were determined. The capacities of the double layer on AgI calculated from these adsorption curves are in many respects similar to the usual capacity curves of Hg. There are, however, some qualitative differences.The theory of Grimley and Mott about the double diffuse layer is discussed. Comparison with experiment shows the influence of the diffuse layer in solid AgI on the total capacity to be small.
Composition and properties of bromine hydrate and potassium polybromide
Authors: Zernike J. , Nawab Md. Ali , Aziz Md. Abdul 
Published: September 2010

AbstractPhase theoretical study of the system KBr‐Br2‐H2O at 0° leads to Br2.7 H2O and KBr6.1½H2O as solid compounds with incongruent melting points of 5.85 and 25.85° respectively. Potassium polybromide is diamagnetic; the aqueous phase with which it is in equilibrium at its melting point has the composition 21.4% KBr, 70.4% Br2 and 8.2% H2O by weight.
The structure of 2,4‐dihydroxypyridines
Authors: Woodburn Henry M. , Hellmann Max 
Published: September 2010

AbstractChemical experiments designed to give information regarding the structure of 2,4‐dihydroxypyridines indicated that one rather active hydroxy group was present, but failed to detect a keto group. Acetylation produced only monoacetates but benzoylation in two cases gave dibenzoates also. Only monoethers resulted from diazomethane reaction.Comparison of the absorption of selected compounds between the wavelengths 220 and 340 mμ indicated that this region of the spectrum is unsatisfactory as a source of structural data.
Réactions de Friedel‐Crafts avec les 4‐alkylbiphényles et le 4‐benzylbiphényle
Authors: Buu‐Hoï Ng. Ph. , Royer René 
Published: September 2010

AbstractComme suite à des recherches antérieures, on étudie dans le présent travail le comportement du 4‐éthyl‐, du 4‐n‐propyl‐, et du 4‐benzylbiphényle dans les réactions de Friedel‐Crafts avec les chlorures d'acides. Il est montré que les radicaux alkyles et benzyle orientent en position 4'. Au cours de ces recherches, de nombreux nouveaux dérivés du biphényle ont pu être synthétisés, certains en vue d'études biologiques.