bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stress‐induced dynamic routing of hippocampal connectivity: A hypothesis
Authors: Segal Menahem , Richter‐Levin Gal , Maggio Nicola 
Published: January 2010

AbstractRecent observations have caused a drastic shift in the conception of the hippocampus as a homogeneous structure that subserves cognitive functions, either spatial maps or short term episodic memory, to a structure that is associated with both cognitive and emotional functions. In fact, the assignment of cognitive functions to the hippocampus is restricted to its dorsal sector. In contrast, the ventral hippocampus (VH) appears to be associated with control of behavioral inhibition, stress and emotional memory, but not with strictly cognitive functions. Curiously, the VH but not the dorsal hippocampus (DH) is associated with the development of affective disorders. In line with these collective observations, we and others have found that the ability to evoke a sustained long term potentiation (LTP), a cellular correlate of learning and memory, is much lower in the VH compared to the DH. Strikingly, acute stress as well as direct exposure to corticosterone affect DH and VH in an opposite manner; causing facilitation of LTP in the VH and its suppression in the DH. This double dissociative action results from activation of different steroid receptor species in the DH and VH. Since the DH and VH differ in efferent connectivity, and since the strength of LTP can be considered as an indicator of strength of synaptic connectivity, these results suggest that stress regulates the routes by which the hippocampus is functionally linked to the rest of the brain such that under stress, the ventral route to the amygdala is enabled while the dorsal route to the neocortex is suppressed. This selective routing may underlie the complex outcome of stress on hippocampal and amygdala physiology and behavior. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
BDNF is required for the induction of a presynaptic component of the functional conversion of silent synapses
Authors: Cabezas Carolina , Buño Washington 
Published: January 2010

AbstractLong‐term potentiation (LTP) has received attention because of its proposed role in learning and memory. Despite substantial effort the pre‐ or postsynaptic expression site of LTP remains unsettled. It has been proposed that LTP is expressed postsynaptically through the functional conversion of “silent synapses.” We had shown that Schaffer collateral (SC) silent and “functional synapses,” which lack and express AMPA receptors, respectively exhibit distinct transmitter release properties. Therefore the functional conversion of silent synapses with LTP should be associated with presynaptic modifications. We now show that the pairing‐induced LTP at SC synapses is mediated by combined pre‐ and postsynaptic modifications involving the postsynaptic emergence of an AMPA response coupled with an enhanced glutamate release. BDNF replicates the changes associated with this LTP by activating TrkBRs, suggesting that the neurotrophin is required for the coordinated changes on both sides of the synaptic cleft. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Discrimination of normal from pre‐malignant cervical tissue by Raman mapping of de‐paraffinized histological tissue sections
Authors: Tan Khay M. , Herrington C. Simon , Brown Christian T. A. 
Published: January 2010

AbstractThe authors present Raman cluster mapping of de‐paraffinized normal cervical tissue and demonstrate the ability of this approach to differentiate between normal squamous epithelium and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN). Multivariate analysis was performed by hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) of the Raman spectra associated with the different tissue types and Raman maps were generated using the resultant clusters. Using normal cervical tissue, squamous epithelium and the epithelial‐stromal interface, a muscular artery and endocervical glands were successfully mapped. Analysis of a tissue section containing a cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) grade 2 lesion adjacent to normal squamous epithelium demonstrated that the CIN lesion clustered predominantly with the basal epithelial cells of normal epithelium and allowed visual discrimination of these areas using the Raman map. These findings suggest that Raman mapping has the potential to provide images that are useful for disease diagnosis. In particular, the discrimination between normal cervical squamous epithelium and CIN is of relevance to cervical screening pathology. (© 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Quantitative proteome analysis of multidrug resistance in human ovarian cancer cell line
Authors: Li Sang‐Lin , Ye Feng , Cai Wei‐Jun , Hu Huai‐Dong , Hu Peng , Ren Hong , Zhu Fu‐Fan , Zhang Da‐Zhi 
Published: January 2010

AbstractIn order to understand the molecular mechanisms of multidrug resistance (MDR) in ovarian cancer, we employed the proteomic approach of isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification (iTRAQ), followed by LC‐MS/MS, using the cisplatin‐resistant COC1/DDP cell line and its parental COC1 cell line as a model. A total number of 28 proteins differentially expressed were identified, and then the differential expression levels of partially identified proteins were confirmed by Western blot analysis and/or real‐time RT‐PCR. Furthermore, the association of PKM2 and HSPD1, two differentially expressed proteins, with MDR were analyzed, and the results showed that they could contribute considerably to the cisplatin resistance in ovarian cancer cell. The differential expression proteins could be classified into eight categories based on their functions, that is, calcium binding proteins, chaperones, extracellular matrix, proteins involved in drug detoxification or repair of DNA damage, metabolic enzymes, transcription factor, proteins related to cellular structure and proteins relative to signal transduction. These data will be valuable for further study of the mechanisms of MDR in the ovarian cancer. J. Cell. Biochem. 109: 625–633, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The cancer‐related Runx2 protein enhances cell growth and responses to androgen and TGFβ in prostate cancer cells
Authors: van der Deen Margaretha , Akech Jacqueline , Wang Tao , FitzGerald Thomas J. , Altieri Dario C. , Languino Lucia R. , Lian Jane B. , van Wijnen Andre J. , Stein Janet L. , Stein Gary S. 
Published: January 2010

AbstractProstate cancer cells often metastasize to bone where osteolytic lesions are formed. Runx2 is an essential transcription factor for bone formation and suppresses cell growth in normal osteoblasts but may function as an oncogenic factor in solid tumors (e.g., breast, prostate). Here, we addressed whether Runx2 is linked to steroid hormone and growth factor signaling, which controls prostate cancer cell growth. Protein expression profiling of prostate cell lines (i.e., PC3, LNCaP, RWPE) treated with 5α‐dihydrotestosterone (DHT) or tumor growth factor β (TGFβ) revealed modulations in selected cyclins, cyclin‐dependent kinases (CDKs), and CDK inhibitors that are generally consistent with mitogenic responses. Endogenous elevation of Runx2 and diminished p57 protein levels in PC3 cells are associated with faster proliferation in vitro and development of larger tumors upon xenografting these cells in bone in vivo. To examine whether TGFβ or DHT signaling modulates the transcriptional activity of Runx2 and vice versa, we performed luciferase reporter assays. In PC3 cells that express TGFβRII, TGFβ and Runx2 synergize to increase transcription of synthetic promoters. In LNCaP cells that are DHT responsive, Runx2 stimulates the androgen receptor (AR) responsive expression of the prostate‐specific marker PSA, perhaps facilitated by formation of a complex with AR. Our data suggest that Runx2 is mechanistically linked to TGFβ and androgen responsive pathways that support prostate cancer cell growth. J. Cell. Biochem. 109: 828–837, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Pathology and biology associated with the fragile FHIT gene and gene product
Authors: Saldivar Joshua C. , Shibata Hidetaka , Huebner Kay 
Published: January 2010

AbstractMore than 12 years and >800 scientific publications after the discovery of the first gene at a chromosome fragile site, the FHIT gene at FRA3B, there are still questions to pursue concerning the selective advantage conferred to cells by loss of expression of FHIT, the most frequent target of allele deletion in precancerous lesions and cancers. These questions are considered in light of recent investigations of genetic and epigenetic alterations to the locus and in a retrospective consideration of biological roles of the Fhit protein discovered through functional studies. J. Cell. Biochem. 109: 858–865, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
JAK–STAT is restrained by Notch to control cell proliferation of the Drosophila intestinal stem cells
Authors: Liu Wei , Singh Shree Ram , Hou Steven X. 
Published: January 2010

AbstractThe Drosophila midgut epithelium undergoes continuous regeneration that is sustained by multipotent intestinal stem cells (ISCs) underneath. Notch signaling has dual functions to control ISC behavior: it slows down the ISC proliferation and drives the activated ISCs into different differentiation pathways at a dose‐dependent manner. Here we identified a molecular mechanism to unite these two contradictory functions. We found JAK–STAT signaling controls ISC proliferation and this ability is negatively regulated by Notch at least through a transcriptional control of the JAK–STAT signaling ligand, unpaired (upd). This study provides insight into how stem cells, under steady conditions, balance the processes of proliferation and differentiation to maintain the stable cellular composition of a healthy tissue. J. Cell. Biochem. 109: 992–999, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A first‐principles study on the existence and structures of the lighter alkaline‐earth pernitrides
Authors: Wessel Michael , Dronskowski Richard 
Published: January 2010

AbstractThe lighter alkaline‐earth pernitrides BeN2, MgN and CaN2 have been structurally predicted by a series of density‐functional (GGA/PBE/PAW) electronic‐structure calculations. Despite their crystal chemistry clearly pointing towards the formulation M2+N22− with an NN distance of 1.26 Å, all phases turn out as metallic compounds which are exothermic with respect to the elements. The M2+ coordination numbers are a simple function of the cationic radius. The bulk moduli are about three times smaller than those of the noble‐metal pernitrides, a consequence of the smaller anionic charge in the former phases. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Chem, 2010
Hydrogen uptake capacity of C2H4Sc and its ions: A density functional study
Authors: Wadnerkar Nitin , Kalamse Vijayanand , Chaudhari Ajay 
Published: January 2010

AbstractWe report the gravimetric hydrogen uptake capacity of C2H4Sc complex and isoelectronic ions using Density Functional Theory. We predict that C2H4Sc+ can bind maximum seven hydrogen molecules in dihydrogen form giving gravimetric uptake capacity of 16.2 wt %, larger by about 2 and 4 wt % than the neutral and anion, respectively. We also found that the interaction of hydrogen molecules with C2H4Sc+ ion is characteristically different than that with neutral and anion. Vibrational spectroscopic study reveals that C2H4Sc and isoelectronic ions are quantum mechanically stable with their characteristic change in respective identified mode. The large gravimetric H2 uptake capacity of C2H4Sc+ is well above the target specified by Department of Energy (DOE) by 2015. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Chem, 2010
A model study of the efficiency of the Asp–His–Ser triad
Authors: Lankau Timm , Yu Chin‐Hui 
Published: January 2010

AbstractThe observation of the Asp–His–Ser triad (Asp: aspartate, His: histidine, Ser: serine) triad both in mammalian and bacterial proteases suggests a special efficiency. A series of B3LYP/D95*(d,p) calculations on various [X–HβY]− dyads (as part of the [X–HβY–HαAc]− model triad, HAc: acetic acid) made from eight different anions X− and 15 different coupling elements HβY was done to analyze the molecular origin of this efficiency. The X− anion acts merely as an electron density donor independent of its chemical nature, and the evolutionary selection of Asp for the catalytic triad therefore seems to be caused by the pH of the triads environment. As the linking proton Hβ moves from Y− to X−, electron density is effectively moved from X− to Y− thereby increasing the proton affinity (PA) of the [X–HY]− dyad, which finally leads to the deprotonization of the HAc molecule. The degree to which the position of Hα controls the PA is dominatly determined by the coupling element HY. The model calculations indicate that 4‐methyl‐1H‐imidazole (HMim) is a very efficient coupling element, which suggest that the evolutionary convergence to the Asp–His–Ser is not only controlled by the ready availability of the imidazole motive in His but also by its high efficiency. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Chem, 2010
DFT study of the full catalytic cycle for the propene hydroformylation catalyzed by a heterobimetallic HPt(SnCl3)(PH3)2 model catalyst
Authors: da Silva Júlio C. S. , Dias Roberta P. , de Almeida Wagner B. , Rocha Willian R. 
Published: January 2010

AbstractDFT calculations were carried out to study the full catalytic cycle for the hydroformylation of propene, catalyzed by the heterobimetallic model catalyst trans‐Pt(H)(PH3)2(SnCl3). Before the study of the full catalytic cycle, the performance of six pure GGA, one GGA with inclusion of dispersion corrections, four hybrid‐GGA, and three meta‐GGA exchange correlation functional to describe a model reaction promoted by Pt‐Sn catalyst were assessed. It is shown that the BP86 and GPW91 functionals, using extended basis set, provides reliable energetic results when compared with the CCSD(T) calculations. All intermediates and transition states along the elementary steps of the entire catalytic cycle were located and the energies involved in the catalytic cycle calculated using BP86 functional. The solvent effects along the entire catalytic cycle were evaluated using the polarizable continuum model. In contrast with the rhodium catalysts, the regioselectivity of the hydroformylation is set at the carbonylation step. The hydrogenolysis is the rate determining step of the entire cycle, with the activation energy of ∼21 kcal mol−1 in agreement with the experimental value of ∼25 kcal mol−1. The trans effect of the SnCl ligand seems to be pronounced only in the first step of the catalytic cycle, facilitating the insertion of the olefin into the PtH bond trans to it. The analysis of the stationary points obtained along each elementary step of the catalytic cycle is carried out separately and discussed. The BP86/cc‐pVTZ/SBKJC results shows that the pathway leading to the linear aldehyde is preferred, being in agreement with the experimental findings. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Chem, 2010
Resveratrol enhances perforin expression and NK cell cytotoxicity through NKG2D‐dependent pathways
Authors: Lu Chia‐Chen , Chen Jan‐Kan 
Published: January 2010

AbstractIn a previous report, we showed that the in vivo cytotoxic activity of the natural killer (NK) cells isolated from resveratrol‐pretreated rats is significantly enhanced compared with that of the non‐pretreated rats; however, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. In the present study, we use cultured NK92 cell line to examine the possible signaling pathways underlying the resveratrol‐induced activation. Using cultured K562, HepG2, and A549 cells as targets, we show that resveratrol pretreatment increases NK cell cytotoxicity in a dose‐dependent manner. The enhanced cytotoxic effect is accompanied by increases in JNK and ERK‐1/2 MAP kinase activity and perforin expression. Moreover, the expression of NKG2D, an upstream signaling molecule of the MAP kinases pathway, is also enhanced. Resveratrol‐enhanced perforin expression and cytotoxic activity are effectively inhibited by pretreatment with the inhibitors of JNK (SP600125), ERK‐1/2 (PD98059), or by siRNAs against JNK‐1 and ERK‐2. However, the inhibitors or siRNA to p38 exhibits no effect. Since IL‐2 has been shown to induce NKG2D expression and perforin release, we therefore, examined whether IL‐2 and resveratrol act in parallel. We show that IL‐2 also stimulates perforin expression, however, when treated together with resveratrol, they exhibit no additive effect. The results suggest that in NK92 cells, resveratrol may act via a similar or overlapping pathway as that of IL‐2, to enhance perforin expression and cytotoxic activity. Data presented strongly indicate that resveratrol act via NKG2D‐dependent JNK and ERK‐1/2 pathways. J. Cell. Physiol. 223: 343–351, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
FAK activation is required for TNF‐α‐induced IL‐6 production in myoblasts
Authors: Tseng Wen‐Pei , Su Chen‐Ming , Tang Chih‐Hsin 
Published: January 2010

AbstractTumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α) is a pleiotropic cytokine produced by activated macrophages. IL‐6 is a multifunctional cytokine that plays a central role in both innate and acquired immune responses. We investigated the signaling pathway involved in IL‐6 production stimulated by TNF‐α in cultured myoblasts. TNF‐α caused concentration‐dependent increases in IL‐6 production. TNF‐α‐mediated IL‐6 production was attenuated by focal adhesion kinase (FAK) mutant and siRNA. Pretreatment with phosphatidylinositol 3‐kinase inhibitor (PI3K; Ly294002 and wortmannin), Akt inhibitor, NF‐κB inhibitor (pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate, PDTC), and IκB protease inhibitor (L‐1‐tosylamido‐2‐phenyl phenylethyl chloromethyl ketone, TPCK) also inhibited the potentiating action of TNF‐α. TNF‐α increased the FAK, PI3K, and Akt phosphorylation. Stimulation of myoblasts with TNF‐α activated IκB kinase α/β (IKKα/β), IκBα phosphorylation, p65 phosphorylation, and κB‐luciferase activity. TNF‐α mediated an increase of κB‐luciferase activity which was inhibited by Ly294002, wortmannin, Akt inhibitor, PDTC and TPCK or FAK, PI3K, and Akt mutant. Our results suggest that TNF‐α increased IL‐6 production in myoblasts via the FAK/PI3K/Akt and NF‐κB signaling pathway. J. Cell. Physiol. 223: 389–396, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Quercetin suppresses HeLa cell viability via AMPK‐induced HSP70 and EGFR down‐regulation
Authors: Jung Jin Hee , Lee Jeong Ok , Kim Ji Hae , Lee Soo Kyung , You Ga Young , Park Sun Hwa , Park Ji Man , Kim Eung‐Kyun , Suh Pann‐Ghill , An Jin Kyung , Kim Hyeon Soo 
Published: January 2010

AbstractQuercetin, an anti‐oxidant flavonoid that is widely distributed in the plant kingdom, has been suggested to have chemopreventive effects on cancer cells, although the mechanism is not completely understood. In this study, we found that quercetin increased the phosphorylation of AMP‐activated protein kinase (AMPK) and downstream acetyl‐CoA carboxylase (ACC) and suppressed the viability of HeLa cells. AICAR, an AMPK activator, and quercetin down‐regulated heat shock protein (HSP)70 and increased the activity of the pro‐apoptotic effector, caspase 3. Knock‐down of AMPK blocked quercetin‐mediated HSP70 down‐regulation. Moreover, knock‐down of HSP70 enhanced quercetin‐mediated caspase 3 activation. Furthermore, quercetin sustained epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) activation by suppressing the phosphatases, PP2a and SHP‐2. Finally, quercetin increased the interaction between EGFR and Cbl, and also induced the tyrosine phosphorylation of Cbl. Together, these results suggest that quercetin may have anti‐tumor effects on HeLa cells via AMPK‐induced HSP70 and down‐regulation of EGFR. J. Cell. Physiol. 223: 408–414, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Enhanced lipoplex‐mediated gene expression in mesenchymal stem cells using reiterated nuclear localization sequence peptides
Authors: Hoare Melissa , Greiser Udo , Schu Sabine , Mashayekhi Kaveh , Aydogan Emrah , Murphy Mary , Barry Frank , Ritter Thomas , O'Brien Timothy 
Published: January 2010

AbstractBackgroundMesenchymal stem cells (MSC) are widely regarded as a promising tool for cellular therapy applications, and genetic modification by safe, liposome‐based vectors may enhance their therapeutic potential.MethodsThe present study describes the use of a cationic lipid vector (Lipofectamine 2000™) to deliver genes to MSC isolated from a number of species in vitro and determined the characteristics of this vector system in terms of dose, toxicity and the time course of expression. In addition, the optimal use of a nuclear localization sequence (NLS) to enhance gene expression was explored.ResultsLipofection of human MSC did not adversely affect their ability to differentiate into osteogenic‐ and adipogenic lineages. Although human and rat MSC were found to take up lipoplexes with relative efficiency, lower levels of gene expression were detected in rabbit MSC, demonstrating a crucial effect of species. Peptides containing reiterated motifs of NLS were found to significantly improve on the level of transgene expression. Optimal gene delivery was observed when a three‐fold reiterated NLS sequence was included in the liposome formulation.ConclusionsThus, nonviral gene delivery to MSC is feasible with efficiency being species dependent and can be enhanced by use of a three‐fold reiterated NLS. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
On Ks,t minors in (s+t)‐chromatic graphs
Authors: Kostochka A. V. 
Published: January 2010

AbstractLet K denote the graph obtained from the complete graph Ks+t by deleting the edges of some Kt‐subgraph. We prove that for each fixed s and sufficiently large t, every graph with chromatic number s+t has a K minor. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Graph Theory 65: 343–350, 2010
Caste, livelihoods and livestock: An exploration of the uptake of livestock vaccination adoption among poor farmers in India
Authors: Heffernan Claire , Thomson Kim , Nielsen Louise 
Published: January 2010

AbstractThe study explores the uptake of livestock vaccination among poor farming communities in Tamil Nadu State, India by revisiting innovation diffusion theory. Overall, 601 farmers participated in the study. We found the adoption of particular vaccines was strongly influenced by socio‐cultural grouping i.e. caste, rather than other factors such as income, age, education‐level or gender. Adoption was also related to specific knowledge frames regarding disease causality, rather than any wider ethno‐veterinary beliefs. Thus, the adoption of livestock vaccination is unlikely to improve without knowledge transfer activities, which acknowledge both social divisions and local epistemologies regarding animal health. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.