bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Potential Impacts of the North Atlantic Horseshoe Pattern on China Compound Heat‐Humidity Extremes
Authors: Mu Jiayi , Ma Qianrong , Wan Shiquan , Hu Rui , Hu Shujuan , Feng Guolin 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTCompound heat‐humidity extremes (CHHEs) have gained significant attention as crucial indicators of heat stress. This research investigates the summer wet bulb globe temperature (WBGT) to elucidate the spatial variation of CHHEs across China from 1961 to 2022. The results reveal a clear increase in CHHEs, with the highest WBGT observed in southeastern China, while significant increases are noted in the northwestern and northeastern regions. Empirical orthogonal function analysis identifies three leading patterns: a consistent spatial increase, a north (decreasing)–south (increasing) dipole, and a west (decreasing)–east (increasing) dipole. Both observations and model simulations indicate that the North Atlantic Horseshoe (NAH) sea surface temperature (SST) anomaly pattern is a reliable predictor for CHHEs in China via influencing the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) and modulating large‐scale circulations. This combined with the westward extension of the Western North Pacific Anomalous Anticyclone (WNPAC), leads to a consistent rise in CHHEs, particularly in Central China. Regarding the north–south dipole, air‐sea interactions driven by the NAH reinforce the negative phase of the Eurasian (EU) teleconnection pattern through the NAO, intensifying cyclonic and anticyclonic anomalies over Mongolia to northern China and southern China, respectively. Furthermore, the NAH pattern during May–July effectively predicts summer CHHEs north–south dipole variations using the genetic algorithm‐based evolving neural network. This research offers valuable insights for predicting CHHEs in China from the perspective of North Atlantic SST anomalies.
Two's Company: How Academic Diversity in Dyads Enhances Divergent Thinking
Authors: Liu Xiaochen , Boldt Gregory T. , Leu Donald J. , Kaufman James C. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTGroup diversity is an active topic in research as studies examine how differences in background, culture, job position, gender, and ethnicity can all impact group creativity. One relatively overlooked component is how diversity in academic knowledge affects group and individual creativity. In this study, 56 graduate students from a research university in the United States were paired into a dyad with another academically similar or diverse student. They then took the Alternate Uses Test (AUT) alone, as a team, and then alone again. The AUT was used to obtain three divergent thinking scores—fluency, flexibility, and originality. The scores were analyzed to determine if graduate students in academically diverse dyads worked better together (and, subsequently, alone) compared to academically similar dyads. The results showed that academically diverse dyads had significantly higher scores on originality for both increases in individual task scores and the team creativity task, as well as higher fluency scores compared to academically similar dyads. In addition, the results suggest that academically similar and diverse dyads demonstrate varying patterns of fluency and originality scores over time. Results indicated that embracing academic diversity can lead to both dyads and, subsequently, individuals being more productive in generating novel ideas.
Make or Break? How Positive and Negative Family Experiences Affect Workplace Creativity: The Role of Energy and Mindfulness
Authors: He Hui , Zhao Lu , Liu Beini 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTEmployee creativity is pivotal for organizational innovation, yet studies to date have primarily focused on the impact of individual and work‐related characteristics on creativity while neglecting the influence of family factors. Drawing on the work‐home resources (W‐HR) model, this study aims to explore how positive family experiences such as spousal positive affect and negative experiences such as housework could potentially boost or impede work creativity. Using a multi‐wave, multisource survey design, data were collected from 238 employee–spouse–supervisor triads. The findings revealed that spousal positive affect fosters employee work creativity by augmenting energy, whereas housework diminishes work creativity by draining energy. In addition, employee mindfulness enhances the pathway through which spousal positive affect increases work creativity via energy but mitigates the pathway through which housework reduces work creativity. This study enriches our understanding of the crossover impacts of family on work, highlighting the significant role that family factors play in influencing work creativity.
Digital twin systems for musculoskeletal applications: A current concepts review
Authors: Diniz Pedro , Grimm Bernd , Garcia Frederic , Fayad Jennifer , Ley Christophe , Mouton Caroline , Oeding Jacob F. , Hirschmann Michael T. , Samuelsson Kristian , Seil Romain 
Published: February 2025

AbstractDigital twin (DT) systems, which involve creating virtual replicas of physical objects or systems, have the potential to transform healthcare by offering personalised and predictive models that grant deeper insight into a patient's condition. This review explores current concepts in DT systems for musculoskeletal (MSK) applications through an overview of the key components, technologies, clinical uses, challenges, and future directions that define this rapidly growing field. DT systems leverage computational models such as multibody dynamics and finite element analysis to simulate the mechanical behaviour of MSK structures, while integration with wearable technologies allows real‐time monitoring and feedback, facilitating preventive measures, and adaptive care strategies. Early applications of DT systems to MSK include optimising the monitoring of exercise and rehabilitation, analysing joint mechanics for personalised surgical techniques, and predicting post‐operative outcomes. While still under development, these advancements promise to revolutionise MSK care by improving surgical planning, reducing complications, and personalising patient rehabilitation strategies. Integrating advanced machine learning algorithms can enhance the predictive abilities of DTs and provide a better understanding of disease processes through explainable artificial intelligence (AI). Despite their potential, DT systems face significant challenges. These include integrating multi‐modal data, modelling ageing and damage, efficiently using computational resources and developing clinically accurate and impactful models. Addressing these challenges will require multidisciplinary collaboration. Furthermore, guaranteeing patient privacy and protection against bias is extremely important, as is navigating regulatory requirements for clinical adoption. DT systems present a significant opportunity to improve patient care, made possible by recent technological advancements in several fields, including wearable sensors, computational modelling of biological structures, and AI. As these technologies continue to mature and their integration is streamlined, DT systems may fast‐track medical innovation, ushering in a new era of rapid improvement of treatment outcomes and broadening the scope of preventive medicine.Level of Evidence: Level V.
Vegetation Pattern During Early Succession in Landslides of Garhwal Himalayas: Correlation Between Plant Species and Soil Characteristics
Authors: Goyal Deepesh , Joshi Varun 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTLandslides are geological disasters that occur very frequently in the Indian Himalayan Region (IHR) and are considered as major perturbation processes to soil and vegetation. Natural recovery, one of the most effective ways of landslide recovery, was studied by referring to vegetational structure, soils, and environmental variables and their correlations about 6 years after a landslide in Garhwal Himalayas. The study illustrated that a nutrient‐deficient environment prevails in landslides. A total of 25 plant species were found with higher diversity and richness indices of herb species in disturbed sites than in undisturbed sites. The low values of similarity index between the landslide and control sites exhibit the impacts of environmental components on the recovery of vegetation on landslides. The correlation through redundancy analysis (RDA) reveals that the herb species are more inclined toward the higher landslide sites having high pH and low nutrient content, whereas the woody species are more oriented toward the middle landslide sites. It was also observed that Alnus nepalensis has a wide distributional range as it was placed near the center of the RDA biplot. There exists a research gap in apprehending the variations in soil carbon status, nutrient dynamics, and plant community structure following natural recovery along elevational gradients in landslides. The study indicates that the early stages of plant recovery following landslides are significantly influenced by abiotic environmental conditions associated with soil characteristics. This study also provides a reference for the recovery and restoration strategies in the landslide‐affected regions. The recovery in landslides is a complex process; hence, further long‐term studies should be continued to evaluate the spatio‐temporal variations during succession in landslides and interactions between the biotic and abiotic components.
Evaluation of Electrospun Poly‐4‐Hydroxybutyrate as Biofunctional and Degradable Scaffold for Pelvic Organ Prolapse in a Vaginal Sheep Model
Authors: van Rest Krista L. C. , Jeffrey Stephen T. , Kaestner Lisa , Gudde Aksel , Oosthuysen Anel , Roovers Jan‐Paul W. R. , Guler Zeliha 
Published: February 2025

AbstractPelvic organ prolapse (POP) affects many women, especially after menopause. POP occurs due to the descent of weakened supportive tissue. Current prolapse surgeries have high failure rates, due to disturbed wound healing caused by lower tissue regeneration and estrogen depletion. Absorbable poly‐4‐hydroxybutyrate (P4HB) knit implants exhibited improved cell and tissue response leading to less complications from prolapse surgery. This study aims to enhance wound healing and improve surgical outcomes by using an electrospun (ES) P4HB scaffold (ES P4HB) that emulates natural tissue structure. Further 17β‐estradiol (E2)‐a prominent wound healing factor‐is incorporated into the scaffold (ES P4HB‐E2). Parous Dohne Merino sheep underwent posterior vaginal wall implantation of either P4HB (n = 6) or 17β‐estradiol relasing P4HB‐E2 (n = 6) scaffolds, or underwent native tissue repair (NTR) (n = 4). Vaginal explants were compared for short‐term host response in terms of gross necropsy, histomorphology, biomechanics, tissue‐integration, and degradation of P4HB at 3‐months post‐implantation. Both scaffolds show promising results with enhanced mechanical properties and increased macrophage infiltration compared to NTR, but without differences between scaffolds. Thus, it seems electrospun P4HB scaffolds already improve tissue integration and healing. Further long‐term studies are needed before these scaffolds can be used in clinical practice.
Design and Characterization of Decellularized Caprine Liver Matrix Constructs for Liver Tissue Engineering
Authors: Bhatt Supriya , Krishnakumar Jayanthi , Mounica Kondepudi Lakshmi , Nune Manasa 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThis study focuses on developing and characterizing decellularized caprine liver scaffolds and their application in liver tissue engineering. Decellularization is achieved through chemical and enzymatic methods, effectively removing cellular components while preserving critical extracellular matrix (ECM) elements such as collagen and glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), as confirmed by histological and biochemical analyses. The scaffolds are further processed into hydrogels by combining decellularized liver matrix (dLM) with chitosan (CH) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), optimized through freeze‐thaw (FT) cross‐linking. Rheological studies show shear‐thinning behavior and enhanced mechanical properties in the crosslinked dLM hydrogels, making them suitable for bioprinting applications. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) reveals a porous structure favorable to cell adhesion, nutrient diffusion, and vascularization. Biocompatibility is confirmed through live/dead and MTT assays, demonstrating higher cell viability and proliferation on crosslinked scaffolds. HepG2 cells cultured on these scaffolds express hepatic‐specific markers, such as Albumin and Cytokeratin‐18, and exhibit functional capabilities, including urea metabolism and albumin synthesis, highlighting the scaffold's ability to support liver‐specific activities. Collectively, these findings demonstrate the potential of FT crosslinked dLM‐based hydrogels as promising candidates for liver tissue engineering, providing a biomimetic microenvironment that supports cellular functionality and promotes tissue regeneration.
Conventional High‐Frequency Ultrasound for Preoperative Planning of Superficial Circumflex Iliac Artery Perforator (SCIP) Pure Skin Perforator (PSP) Flaps
Authors: Malagón Paloma , Tsukuura Reiko , Yamamoto Nana , Yamamoto Takumi 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundPure skin perforator (PSP) flaps had shown their reliability and usefulness for the reconstruction of thin soft‐tissue defects. However, accurate localization of PSP is required for safe and fast flap elevation. This study aimed to evaluate the usefulness of conventional high‐frequency ultrasound (US) for PSP flap elevation.MethodsPatients who underwent reconstruction using PSP flap based on the superficial branch of the superficial circumflex iliac artery (SCIA) were retrospectively included and divided into two groups according to the use of preoperative US mapping of SCIA PSPs; a portable US device with an 18 MHz probe was used to localize the PSP in a US group, whereas US was not used in a control group. Intraoperative findings and postoperative results were compared between the groups.ResultsTwenty‐seven patients were included: 12 in the US group and 15 in the control group. There were no statistically significant differences in patient characteristics and postoperative results between the groups; both groups showed flap survival without major complications in all cases. Flap thickness ranged from 1.0 to 2.5 mm (average, 1.87 mm). Time for flap harvest was significantly shorter in the US group than in the control group (18.9 ± 4.5 vs. 50.5 ± 20.8 min, p < 0.001).ConclusionsPreoperative mapping of PSP using high‐frequency US allowed reducing the surgical time for harvesting PSP flaps.
Improving the OER Activity of Titania Via Doping and Adlayers
Authors: Gomer Anna , Bredow Thomas 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThe oxygen evolution reaction (OER) was investigated theoretically on modified rutile(110) surfaces at density functional theory level in search for inexpensive but active catalyst materials required for water electrolysis. Ti substitution by Nb in rutile and furthermore adding adlayers of transition metal (TM) oxides, with TM
Ir, Ru and Rh, substantially improves titania OER activity. The catalytic activity was assessed by the overpotential of the OER which was calculated from adsorption energies of the intermediates M−O, M−OH and M−OOH. Different reaction mechanisms were suggested depending on the presence or absence of M−OOH. Materials with iridium dioxide in the top layer have similar overpotentials, both as adlayer on (doped)
and as pure
. Thus, the percentage of this expensive and scarce element can be drastically reduced without deteriorating the activity. A monolayer of
on rutile
has an even lower overpotential compared to pure
. In addition,
and
:
were identified as catalysts with higher OER activity than
.
Machine Learning‐Based High‐Throughput Screening, Molecular Modeling and Quantum Chemical Analysis to Investigate Mycobacterium tuberculosis MetRS Inhibitors
Authors: Maharjan Rajesh , Gyawali Kalpana , Acharya Arjun , Khanal Madan , Khanal Kamal , Kshetri Mohan Bahadur , Ghimire Madhav Prasad , Lamichhane Tika Ram 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThe increasing drug resistance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) complicates its effective treatment and often leads to severe side effects. This research aims to pinpoint the potential drug candidates targeting Mtb methionyl‐tRNA synthetase (MtbMetRS) using in silico techniques. Employing machine learning algorithms, including Random Forest, Extra Trees, and Nu‐Support Vector, a voting classifier was built to screen 10 million molecules. A total of 590 molecules were filtered and analyzed for mutagenicity and other toxicities, resulting in 169 candidates for molecular docking. Among these, 1‐[4‐(1,3‐benzodioxol‐5‐ylmethyl)piperazin‐1‐yl]‐2‐phenylsulfanylethanone (L1) and 1‐ethyl‐6‐fluoro‐4‐oxo‐7‐(4‐pentanoylpiperazin‐1‐yl)quinoline‐3‐carboxylic acid (L2) demonstrated strong binding affinities (−12.74 kcal/mol for L1 and −11.83 kcal/mol for L2) and favorable pharmacokinetic properties. MM/PBSA, DFT calculations, and LD50 values supported their stability, reactive nature, and safer toxicity profile, respectively. L1 and L2 are investigated as potential inhibitors of MtbMetRS; however, additional in vitro and in vivo investigations are necessary to confirm these findings.
Active Films Based on Gelatin and Modified Curcumin: Physicochemical Properties and Food Packaging Application
Authors: dos Santos Lima Kennya Thayres , Bergamo Vinicius Nogueira , Leandro Gabriel Coelho , de Matos Fonseca Jéssica , Monteiro Alcilene Rodrigues , Valencia Germán Ayala 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThis study investigated the development of active gelatin films containing modified curcumin and their application to reduce browning of banana peels. Curcumin, a natural antioxidant with limited water solubility, was modified through antisolvent precipitation, which obtained modified curcumin (MC) with increased water solubility and higher antioxidant activity. Gelatin films with different MC concentrations (0.0%, 0.1%, 0.3%, 0.5%, and 1%) were produced by the casting method. The resulting films were tested for thickness, morphology, crystallinity (XRD), chemical bonds (FTIR and Raman), water adsorption, water solubility, optical properties, wettability, water vapor permeation, mechanical properties, and antioxidant activity. Furthermore, the antioxidant film properties were evaluated using bananas as a food model. Structural analyses (XRD, FTIR, and Raman) confirmed that MC was well‐incorporated without modifying the film's thickness, permeability, wettability, and mechanical properties. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed a uniform distribution of MC, and the antioxidant activity (DPPH and ABTS assays) increased as a function of MC concentration. Gelatin films containing 1% MC reduced the browning of banana peels during the storage of this fruit at 25°C and 75% RH for 6 days. These findings highlight the potential of gelatin films containing MC as a sustainable bioactive packaging with promising food applications.
Fabrication of a superhydrophobic surface on aramid cord fabric via hot pressing titanium dioxide
Authors: Li Xiang , Tan Shanshan , Chen Chunmei , Zhang Aixin , Li Weiwei , Ke Gui Zhen 
Published: February 2025

AbstractAramid cord fabric, a novel polymer composite material, exhibits high strength‐ and modulus, low thermal shrinkage, and excellent dimensional stability. It has broad applications in marine development, oil exploration, transportation, specialized tires, and other sectors. Despite its extensive use, research into the superhydrophobic applications of aramid cord fabrics remains sparse. Consequently, the development of a superhydrophobic aramid cord fabric material is essential. This study introduces a straightforward method involving the application of TiO₂ powder on the rubber surface of aramid cord fabric using a simple surface sprinkling technique. Subsequent high‐temperature and high‐pressure treatments yield a TiO₂/natural rubber (NR) composite with a superhydrophobic surface. The microstructure of this surface was analyzed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and its composition was assessed qualitatively via energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy (EDS). Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy provided insights into the surface functional groups. The hydrophobicity and self‐cleaning capabilities of the surface were evaluated using a contact angle meter and self‐cleaning tests, respectively. The mechanical durability of the superhydrophobic surface was also assessed through linear abrasion on sandpaper and impact testing with steel balls. The results indicated that increasing the TiO₂ particle content significantly enhances both the hydrophobicity and mechanical durability of the TiO₂/NR surface. At a TiO₂ mass fraction of 3%, the static contact angle (CA) reached 160.1° ± 3°, and the surface maintained its superhydrophobicity after 150 abrasion cycles under 2 kPa pressure. Moreover, the TiO₂/NR superhydrophobic surface demonstrated exceptional self‐cleaning properties.Highlights
The CA on the aramid cord fabric surface can reach upwards of 160°.
TiO2 was used as reinforcement filler to form nanoscale network structure on the surface of aramid cord fabric.
The influence of TiO2 filler content on the hydrophobicity of materials was discussed.
The prepared materials have excellent hydrophobicity and mechanical stability.
Tailoring poly(diphenylamine) with lithium silver oxide nanoparticles: Impact on structural, optical, and electrical properties for energy storage
Authors: Fathima Husna P. T. , Meera K. , Ramesan M. T. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThis study introduces a facile chemical oxidative in‐situ polymerization method to synthesize hybrid conducting polymer nanocomposites based on poly(diphenylamine) (PDPA) integrated with varying concentrations of lithium silver oxide (LiAgO) nanoparticles, designed for energy storage applications. The impact of LiAgO on the structural, optical, morphological, and thermal characteristics of PDPA‐LiAgO nanocomposites is systematically examined using XRD, UV–visible spectroscopy, FTIR, FE‐SEM, HR‐TEM, thermogravimetric analysis, and differential scanning calorimetry. Importantly, the tunability of AC conductivity, dielectric constant, dielectric loss tangent, dielectric modulus, and impedance is explored at various frequencies. The inclusion of LiAgO induces significant structural changes in PDPA, as evidenced by the presence of nanoparticles in FTIR and XRD analyses, along with shifts and broadening observed in the UV peaks. The FE‐SEM and energy‐dispersive X‐ray (EDX) analyses confirm the presence of crystalline metal oxide nanoparticles within the polymer matrix, while HR‐TEM reveals the uniform dispersion of nanoparticles at the nanoscale level. Thermal analysis indicates enhanced stability and an elevated glass transition temperature with increasing LiAgO content. The optimum AC conductivity (4.2 × 10−6 S/cm at 1 MHz) and dielectric constant (2972 at 100 Hz) are achieved for PDPA containing 6 wt% LiAgO. The Argand plot of the real and imaginary modulus components highlights the non‐Debye relaxation behavior of the nanocomposites, while the smallest semicircle observed in the impedance plot for PDPA‐6 wt% LiAgO confirms its minimal impedance. These findings underscore the promising multifunctional properties of PDPA‐LiAgO nanocomposites for energy storage applications.Highlights
In situ polymerization was used to synthesize PDPA‐LiAgO.
Improved crystallinity of PDPA‐LiAgO.
Superior AC conductivity and dielectric constant.
Enhanced thermal properties.
The nanocomposites are suitable for energy storage.