bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ten‐year outcomes of high‐dose, intensity‐modulated radiotherapy for localized prostate cancer
Authors: Alicikus Zumre A. , Yamada Yoshiya , Zhang Zhigang , Pei Xin , Hunt Margie , Kollmeier Marisa , Cox Brett , Zelefsky Michael J. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractBACKGROUND.The authors investigated long‐term tumor control and toxicity outcomes after high‐dose, intensity‐modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) in patients who had clinically localized prostate cancer.METHODS.Between April 1996 and January 1998, 170 patients received 81 gray (Gy) using a 5‐field IMRT technique. Patients were classified according to the National Comprehensive Cancer Network‐defined risk groups. Toxicity data were scored according to the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events Version 3.0. Freedom from biochemical relapse, distant metastases, and cause‐specific survival outcomes were calculated. The median follow‐up was 99 months.RESULTS.The 10‐year actuarial prostate‐specific antigen relapse‐free survival rates were 81% for the low‐risk group, 78% for the intermediate‐risk group, and 62% for the high‐risk group; the 10‐year distant metastases–free rates were 100%, 94%, and 90%, respectively; and the 10‐year cause‐specific mortality rates were 0%, 3%, and 14%, respectively. The 10‐year likelihood of developing grade 2 and 3 late genitourinary toxicity was 11% and 5%, respectively; and the 10‐year likelihood of developing grade 2 and 3 late gastrointestinal toxicity was 2% and 1%, respectively. No grade 4 toxicities were observed.CONCLUSIONS.To the authors' knowledge, this report represents the longest followed cohort of patients who received high‐dose radiation levels of 81 Gy using IMRT for localized prostate cancer. The findings indicated that high‐dose IMRT is well tolerated and is associated with excellent long‐term tumor‐control outcomes in patients with localized prostate cancer Cancer 2011. © 2010 American Cancer Society.
UHRF1‐mediated tumor suppressor gene inactivation in nonsmall cell lung cancer
Authors: Daskalos Alexandros , Oleksiewicz Urszula , Filia Anastasia , Nikolaidis George , Xinarianos George , Gosney John R. , Malliri Angeliki , Field John K. , Liloglou Triantafillos 
Published: November 2010

AbstractBACKGROUND:The UHRF1 gene possesses an essential role in DNA methylation maintenance, but its contribution to tumor suppressor gene hypermethylation in primary human cancers currently remains unclear.METHODS:mRNA expression levels of UHRF1, DNMT1, DNMT3A, DNMT3B, and E2F1 were evaluated in 105 primary nonsmall cell lung carcinomas by quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The methylation status of CDKN2A and RASSF1 promoters was examined by pyrosequencing. UHRF1 was knocked down by short hairpin RNA in A549 lung adenocarcinoma cells.RESULTS:All 4 genes were overexpressed in a coordinated manner in the lung tumor tissues, and their expression correlated with that of E2F1. Higher UHRF1 expression in tumor tissues correlated with the hypermethylation of CDKN2A (P = .005) and RASSF1 promoters (P = .034), and the relationship with a combined epigenotype was even stronger (P = 2.3 × 10−4). When UHRF1 was knocked down in A549 lung adenocarcinoma cells, lower methylation levels of RASSF1, CYGB, and CDH13 promoters were observed. Also, UHRF1 knockdown clones demonstrated reduced proliferation and decreased cell migration properties.CONCLUSIONS:Our data demonstrate that UHRF1 is a key epigenetic switch, which controls cell cycle in nonsmall cell lung carcinoma through its ability to sustain the transcriptional silencing of tumor suppressor genes by maintaining their promoters in a hypermethylated status. Thus, UHRF1 should be considered, along with DNMTs, among the potential targets for cancer treatment and/or therapeutic stratification. Cancer 2011. © 2010 American Cancer Society.
Breast implant‐associated, ALK‐negative, T‐cell, anaplastic, large‐cell lymphoma: Establishment and characterization of a model cell line (TLBR‐1) for this newly emerging clinical entity
Authors: Lechner Melissa G. , Lade Stephen , Liebertz Daniel J. , Prince H. Miles , Brody Garry S. , Webster Howard R. , Epstein Alan L. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractBACKGROUND:Primary lymphomas of the breast are very rare (0.2‐1.5% of breast malignancies) and the vast majority (95%) are of B‐cell origin. Recently, 40 cases of clinically indolent anaplastic large‐cell kinase (ALK)‐negative, T‐cell, anaplastic, non‐Hodgkin lymphomas (T‐ALCL) have been reported worldwide.METHODS:A tumor biopsy specimen from a patient in this series was obtained for characterization. By using a human stromal feeder layer and IL‐2, a novel cell line, TLBR‐1, was established from this biopsy and investigated by using cytogenetics and various biomolecular methods.RESULTS:Immunoperoxidase staining of the tumor biopsy showed a CD30/CD8/CD4 coexpressing T‐cell population that was epithelial membrane antigen (EMA)+ and perforin+. Multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) of TCRγ genes showed monoclonality that suggested a T‐cell origin, yet pan‐T markers CD2/5/7, anaplastic large‐cell kinase (ALK)‐1, pancytokeratins, CD20, CD56, and Epstein‐Barr virus (EBV) by in situ hybridization (ISH) were negative. TLBR‐1 is IL‐2 dependent, has a relatively long doubling time (55 hours), and displays different cellular shapes in culture. Cytogenetic analysis of tumor and TLBR‐1 cells confirmed a highly anaplastic cell population with a modal number of 47 chromosomes lacking t(2;5). PCR screens for EBV and human T‐lymphotropic virus types 1 and 2 (HTLV‐1/2) were negative. Fluorescence‐activated cell‐sorting (FACS) analysis showed strong positivity for CD4/8, CD30, CD71, and CD26 expression, and antigen presentation (HLA‐DR+CD80+CD86+), IL‐2 signaling (CD25+CD122+), and NK (CD56+) markers, and Western blots demonstrated strong Notch1 expression. Severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) mouse TLBR‐1 heterotransplants recapitulated the histology and marker characteristics of the original tumor.CONCLUSIONS:TLBR‐1, a novel ALK‐negative, T‐cell, anaplastic, large‐cell lymphoma, closely resembles the original biopsy and represents an important tool for studying this newly recognized disease entity. Cancer 2011. © 2010 American Cancer Society.
DICER1 expression and outcomes in endometrioid endometrial adenocarcinoma
Authors: Zighelboim Israel , Reinhart Andrew J. , Gao Feng , Schmidt Amy P. , Mutch David G. , Thaker Premal H. , Goodfellow Paul J. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractBACKGROUND:The objective of this study was to determine whether lower expression levels of DICER1 are associated with disease recurrence in patients with endometrioid endometrial cancer. The authors also explored DNA methylation and haploinsufficiency as potential mechanisms related to altered DICER1 expression in these tumors.METHODS:DICER1 expression was assessed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction in a selected cohort of endometrioid endometrial tumors (N = 169). Loss of heterozygosity analyses were conducted using 2 single nucleotide polymorphisms, and combined bisulfate restriction analysis was used to assess methylation in the 5′‐untranslated region of DICER1 in representative tumors. The correlations between DICER1 expression and clinicopathologic variables, including overall survival (OS) and disease‐free survival (DFS), were assessed using nonparametric rank‐sum tests and Cox proportional hazard models as appropriate. Survival distributions were described using the Kaplan‐Meier method. A nested case‐control analysis was conducted to confirm the association between transcript levels and disease recurrence.RESULTS:Lower DICER1 expression (hazard ratio [HR], 1.36; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.05‐1.75; P = .02) and advanced disease stage (HR, 2.79; 95%CI, 1.59‐4.90; P < .001) were associated with worse DFS. Three variables were associated significantly with reduced OS: age (HR, 1.04; 95%CI, 1.02‐1.06; P < .0001), advanced disease stage (HR, 6.41; 95%CI, 3.57‐11.52; P < .0001), and high tumor grade (HR, 2.96; 95%CI, 1.46‐5.99; P = .003). Nested case‐control analyses confirmed that there were lower DICER1 transcript levels in patients who had recurrent disease (P = .01). Deletion of DICER1 sequences was an infrequent event (5% of analyzed patients), and no methylation was observed in the 5′ DICER1 regulatory region.CONCLUSIONS:Lower DICER1 transcript levels were correlated with disease recurrence and worse DFS survival in patients with endometrioid endometrial cancer. The factors that influence DICER1 transcript levels in primary endometrial cancers remain unknown. Cancer 2011. © 2010 American Cancer Society.
Symptom burden and performance status in a population‐based cohort of ambulatory cancer patients
Authors: Barbera Lisa , Seow Hsien , Howell Doris , Sutradhar Rinku , Earle Craig , Liu Ying , Stitt Audra , Husain Amna , Sussman Jonathan , Dudgeon Deborah 
Published: November 2010

AbstractBACKGROUND.For ambulatory cancer patients, Ontario has standardized symptom and performance status assessment population‐wide, using the Edmonton Symptom Assessment System (ESAS) and Palliative Performance Scale (PPS). In a broad cross‐section of cancer outpatients, the authors describe the ESAS and PPS scores and their relation to patient characteristics.METHODS.This is a descriptive study using administrative healthcare data.RESULTS.The cohort included 45,118 and 23,802 patients' first ESAS and PPS, respectively. Fatigue was most prevalent (75%), and nausea least prevalent (25%) in the cohort. More than half of patients reported pain or shortness of breath; about half of those reported moderate to severe scores. Seventy‐eight percent had stable performance status scores. On multivariate analysis, worse ESAS outcomes were consistently seen for women, those with comorbidity, and those with shorter survivals from assessment. Lung cancer patients had the worst burden of symptoms.CONCLUSIONS.This is the first study to report ESAS and PPS scores in a large, geographically based cohort with a full scope of cancer diagnoses, including patients seen earlier in the cancer trajectory (ie, treated for cure). In this ambulatory cancer population, the high prevalence of numerous symptoms parallels those reported in palliative populations and represents a target for improved clinical care. Differences in outcomes for subgroups require further investigation. This research sets the groundwork for future research on patient and provider outcomes using linked administrative healthcare data. Cancer 2010. © 2010 American Cancer Society.
Patients with only 1 positive hormone receptor have increased locoregional recurrence compared with patients with estrogen receptor‐positive progesterone receptor‐positive disease in very early stage breast cancer
Authors: Albert Jeffrey M. , Gonzalez‐Angulo Ana M. , Guray Merih , Sahin Aysegul , Tereffe Welela , Woodward Wendy A. , Strom Eric A. , Hunt Kelly K. , Tucker Susan L. , Buchholz Thomas A. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractBACKGROUND:Estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR) are important prognostic and predictive biomarkers in breast cancer. Patients with tumors positive for either receptor are generally considered hormone receptor‐positive for treatment decisions. However, some data suggest that patients with ER+/PR− or ER−/PR+ tumors may have worse outcomes than those with ER+/PR+ tumors. Few data correlate these biomarkers with locoregional (LR) recurrence.METHODS:The authors retrospectively reviewed records of 635 patients with T1a,bN0 disease who received definitive treatment at their institution between 1997 and 2002 and had archival tissue blocks for prospective assessment of ER/PR expression. They compared clinical outcomes of the 479 patients with ER+/PR+ disease to the 156 patients with ER+/PR− or ER−/PR+disease.RESULTS:LR recurrence rates were higher in patients with 1 receptor positive compared with ER+/PR+ (7‐year rate: 8.8% vs 2.5%, P = .024). There was no difference between the 2 groups in the rates of distant metastasis (DM) (P = .531) or overall survival (P = .491). One positive receptor predicted for LR recurrence in patients who did not receive hormonal therapy (P = .046), but not in patients who received hormonal therapy (P = .296). On multivariate analysis, 1 positive receptor predicted for LR recurrence in the overall group (hazard ratio, 2.81; 95% confidence interval, 1.06‐7.48; P = .038).CONCLUSIONS:Patients with T1a,bN0 breast cancer with only 1 positive hormone receptor have increased rates of LR recurrence compared with patients with ER+/PR+ disease, although this difference may be reduced or eliminated with systemic treatment. In contrast, the authors found no evidence of an increased rate of DM in these patients with favorable disease stage. Cancer 2011. © 2010 American Cancer Society.
From motor cortex to visual cortex: The application of noninvasive brain stimulation to amblyopia
Authors: Thompson Benjamin , Mansouri Behzad , Koski Lisa , Hess Robert F. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractNoninvasive brain stimulation is a technique for inducing changes in the excitability of discrete neural populations in the human brain. A current model of the underlying pathological processes contributing to the loss of motor function after stroke has motivated a number of research groups to investigate the potential therapeutic application of brain stimulation to stroke rehabilitation. The loss of motor function is modeled as resulting from a combination of reduced excitability in the lesioned motor cortex and an increased inhibitory drive from the nonlesioned hemisphere over the lesioned hemisphere. This combination of impaired neural function and pathological suppression resonates with current views on the cause of the visual impairment in amblyopia. Here, we discuss how the rationale for using noninvasive brain stimulation in stroke rehabilitation can be applied to amblyopia, review a proof‐of‐principle study demonstrating that brain stimulation can temporarily improve amblyopic eye function, and propose future research avenues. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Dev Psychobiol 54:263‐273, 2012.
Expression of ventral diencephalon‐enriched genes in zebrafish
Authors: Li Sen , Yin Min , Liu Shuxi , Chen Yi , Yin Yanqing , Liu Tingxi , Zhou Jiawei 
Published: November 2010

AbstractDopaminergic (DA) neurons in the vertebrate di‐ and mesencephalon play essential roles in movement control, endocrine modulation and many other important physiological activities. To identify genes that may regulate the specification and differentiation of diencephalic DA neurons in zebrafish, the spatial and temporal expression pattern of a set of genes was investigated. In situ hybridization analysis revealed that expression of DNA binding inhibitor 3 (Id3), early B cell factor 2 (Ebf2), Ebf3, Iroquois related homeobox 1 (Irx1), Kruppel‐like factor 7 (Klf7), mab‐21‐like 1 (Mab21l1), fatty acid binding protein 7 (Fabp7) and stathmin‐like 4 (Stmn4), were enriched in the diencephalon of zebrafish. Among these genes, Id3 was expressed specifically in a subset of DA neurons in the ventral diencephalon, with co‐expression of neurogenin1 (Ngn1). Alteration of expression levels of Id3 inhibited maturation of developing DA neurons. Taken together, our study provides genetic characteristics of DA neurons in the diencephalon of zebrafish. Developmental Dynamics 239:3368–3379, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Antibacterial and swelling properties of N‐isopropyl acrylamide grafted and collagen/chitosan‐immobilized polypropylene nonwoven fabrics
Authors: Wang Chyung‐Chyung , Wu Wen‐Yean , Chen Cheng‐Chi 
Published: November 2010

AbstractThe different molar ratios of collagen/chitosan were used to be immobilized on polypropylene nonwoven fabrics grafted with N‐isopropyl acrylamide (abbr. PP‐g‐NIPAAm‐i‐Col/Chi). For a controlled immobilizing time and NIPAAm concentration, the collagen/chitosan immobilized values and the antibacterial properties of PP‐g‐NIPAAm‐i‐Col/Chi increased with increasing amount of chitosan in the mixture of collagen/chitosan. The crosslinking reaction between the grafted polyNIPAAm and collagen/chitosan molecules was clearly confirmed by the examination of the spectra of the surface reflection infrared spectroscopy (IR). The values of water absorption and water diffusion coefficient of PP‐g‐NIPAAm‐i‐Col/Chi decreased with increase of the chitosan in the mixture of collagen/chitosan and the value of immobilized collagen/chitosan at the same pH value of buffering water. The PP‐g‐NIPAAm‐i‐Col/Chi have excellent water absorption, water permeability, and antibacterial properties and would be suitable for the healing of wounded skin area. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2011.
Nanosized hydroxyapatite and other calcium phosphates: Chemistry of formation and application as drug and gene delivery agents
Authors: Uskoković Vuk , Uskoković Dragan P. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractThe first part of this review looks at the fundamental properties of hydroxyapatite (HAP), the basic mineral constituent of mammalian hard tissues, including the physicochemical features that govern its formation by precipitation. A special emphasis is placed on the analysis of qualities of different methods of synthesis and of the phase transformations intrinsic to the formation of HAP following precipitation from aqueous solutions. This serves as an introduction to the second part and the main subject of this review, which relates to the discourse regarding the prospects of fabrication of ultrafine, nanosized particles based on calcium phosphate carriers with various therapeutic and/or diagnostic agents coated on and/or encapsulated within the particles. It is said that the particles could be either surface‐functionalized with amphiphiles, peptides, proteins, or nucleic acids or injected with therapeutic agents, magnetic ions, or fluorescent molecules. Depending on the additive, they could be subsequently used for a variety of applications, including the controlled delivery and release of therapeutic agents (extracellularly or intracellularly), magnetic resonance imaging and hyperthermia therapy, cell separation, blood detoxification, peptide or oligonucleotide chromatography and ultrasensitive detection of biomolecules, andin vivoandin vitrogene transfection. Calcium phosphate nanoparticles as carriers of therapeutic agents that would enable a controlled drug release to treat a given bone infection and at the same be resorbed in the body so as to regenerate hard tissue lost to disease are emphasized hereby as one of the potentially attractive smart materials for the modern medicine. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2011.
Highly stable Fe/γ‐Al2O3 catalyst for catalytic wet peroxide oxidation
Authors: Bautista Patricia , Mohedano Angel F. , Casas Jose A. , Zazo Juan A. , Rodriguez Juan J. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractBACKGROUND: A highly stable Fe/γ‐Al2O3 catalyst for catalytic wet peroxide oxidation has been studied using phenol as target pollutant. The catalyst was prepared by incipient wetness impregnation of γ‐Al2O3 with an aqueous solution of Fe(NO3)3· 9H2O. The influence of pH, temperature, catalyst and H2O2 doses, as well as the initial phenol concentration has been analyzed.RESULTS: The reaction temperature and initial pH significantly affect both phenol conversion and total organic carbon removal. Working at 50 °C, an initial pH of 3, 100 mg L−1 of phenol, a dose of H2O2 corresponding to the stoichiometric amount and 1250 mg L−1 of catalyst, complete phenol conversion and a total organic carbon removal efficiency close to 80% were achieved. When the initial phenol concentration was increased to 1500 mg L−1, a decreased efficiency in total organic carbon removal was observed with increased leaching of iron that can be related to a higher concentration of oxalic acid, as by‐product from catalytic wet peroxide oxidation of phenol.CONCLUSION: A laboratory synthesized γ‐Al2O3 supported Fe has shown potential application in catalytic wet peroxide oxidation of phenolic wastewaters. The catalyst showed remarkable stability in long‐term continuous experiments with limited Fe leaching, < 3% of the initial loading. Copyright © 2010 Society of Chemical Industry
Calls of the black drum (Pogonias cromis: Sciaenidae): geographical differences in sound production between northern and southern hemisphere populations
Authors: Tellechea Javier S. , Norbis Walter , Olsson Daniela , Fine Michael L. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractBecause of apparent reproductive isolation between Northern and Southern hemisphere populations of the black drum Pogonius cromis, we tested the hypothesis that advertisement calls from a southern population would differ from known calls of North American populations. Additionally, we quantified disturbance and advertisement calls, their changes with fish size and sex, not previously examined in this species. Unlike most sciaenids, both sexes of P. cromis possess robust sonic muscles, and both produce disturbance calls when handled. However, only males produce an advertisement call used in courtship. The disturbance call consists of a variable train of short‐duration pulses (average 23 ms). The duration, interpulse interval, and dominant frequency of pulses are similar in males and females and change developmentally: pulse duration and interpulse interval increase and dominant frequency decreases with fish size. Advertisement calls, recorded in the field and in captivity, are long‐duration (average 184 ms) and tonal. Based on variation in fundamental frequency, which decreases with fish size, field choruses are composed of different‐sized individuals. The duration of advertisement calls, about a third of those from Florida populations, suggests genetic differentiation between northern and southern populations. J. Exp. Zool. 315:48–55, 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Solution properties of hydrophobically modified polyelectrolytes synthesized via solution and micellar copolymerization
Authors: Zhou Jianping , Shangguan Yonggang , Wu Qiang , Zheng Qiang 
Published: November 2010

AbstractHydrophobically modified polyelectrolytes (HMPEs) were synthesized using sodium 2‐acrylamido‐2‐methyl‐propanesulfonate and N‐n‐dodecylacrylamide as monomers with the same feeding ratio via micellar and solution copolymerization. The effects of hydrophobic association and electrostatic interaction on the solution properties of the HMPEs were studied. Compared with HMPE obtained via solution copolymerization (s‐PAD), the hydrophobic interaction of HMPE obtained via micellar copolymerization (m‐PAD) is more obvious due to the micro‐blocky distribution of hydrophobic groups. The viscosity properties of m‐PAD in deionized water or brine follow well the scaling theory of polyelectrolytes. However, for s‐PAD, the concentration where zero‐shear viscosity (η0) and solvent viscosity (ηs) follow η0 ≈ 2ηs is more likely to be critical entanglement concentration (ce) rather than critical overlap concentration (c*). It is suggested that modifying of the transition region from c* to ce is valid and reasonable for s‐PAD. It is believed that the different solution properties of s‐PAD and m‐PAD should be attributed to the distributions of hydrophobic groups in the chains. Copyright © 2010 Society of Chemical Industry