bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lack of Correlation Between Thiazide‐Induced Hyperglycemia and Hypokalemia: Subgroup Analysis of Results from the Pharmacogenomic Evaluation of Antihypertensive Responses (PEAR) Study
Authors: Smith Steven M. , Anderson Shawn D. , Wen Sheron , Gong Yan , Turner Stephen T. , Cooper‐DeHoff Rhonda M. , Schwartz Gary L. , Bailey Kent , Chapman Arlene , Hall Karen L. , Feng Hua , Boerwinkle Eric , Johnson Julie A. , Gums John G. 
Published: September 2009

Study Objective. To determine whether changes in serum glucose, serum potassium, and plasma insulin levels are correlated in a cohort of hypertensive patients.Design. Prespecified subgroup analysis of results from a prospective, multicenter, randomized, open‐label, parallel‐group study.Setting. Primary care clinics at three tertiary care medical centers.Patients. Community‐based ambulatory population of 202 patients (age range 17–65 yrs) with a new diagnosis of hypertension, untreated hypertension, or known hypertension, who were previously treated with fewer than three antihypertensive drugs and had no evidence of cardiovascular disease or diabetes mellitus.Intervention. Monotherapy with oral hydrochlorothiazide 12.5 or 25 mg/day for 9 weeks.Measurements and Main Results. Fasting serum glucose, serum potassium, and plasma insulin levels were obtained at baseline (before hydrochlorothiazide therapy was started) and after 9 weeks of therapy. Significant elevations were noted in fasting serum glucose (mean ± SD 3.42 ± 10.38 mg/dl, p<0.0001) and plasma insulin (2.35 ± 9.47 μlU/ml, p<0.0001) levels, and a significant reduction in serum potassium level (0.30 ± 0.44 mEq/L, p<00.0001) was noted. No significant correlation was observed between changes in fasting serum glucose and potassium levels (r = 0.022, 95% confidence interval (CI) −0.120−0.164, p=0.757) or between changes in serum potassium and plasma insulin levels (r = −0.112, 95% CI −0.256‐0.037, p=0.140). Changes in serum glucose levels did not differ significantly between patients maintaining serum potassium levels of 4.0 mEq/L or greater and those with levels below 4.0 mEq/L.Conclusion. Changes in serum potassium and serum glucose levels were not correlated in individuals receiving hydrochlorothiazide monotherapy; thus maintenance of normal potassium levels may not attenuate the risk of thiazide diuretic‐induced hyperglycemia.
Revisiting Read‐Aloud: Instructional Strategies That Encourage Students' Engagement With Texts
Authors: Morrison Vanessa , Wlodarczyk Lisa 
Published: September 2009

This article discusses the importance of comprehension strategy instruction in the early grades. It explains how one teacher integrated Alphaboxes, making connections, and the discussion web as part of her read aloud instructional practice. The article argues that, through careful planning, higher order thinking strategies can be modified for young students.تلخيص البحث: تصف هذه المقالة أهمية تعليم إستراتيجية الاستيعاب في الصفوف الأولى. وتشرح الطريقة التي أدمجت معلمة فيها صناديق أبجدية واتصالات ونقاش الشبكة العالمية كجزء من ممارسة القراءة الجهرية التعليمية. إذ تقدم هذه المقالة الحجة بأن الإستراتيجيات الذهنية العالية المستوى قد تتعدل للطلاب الصغار من خلال تخطيط محترس.本文讨论小学低年级阅读理解教学的重要性。文章阐释一名教师如何结合字母方格单字表(Alphaboxes)、建立连接、讨论网这三种教学技巧，应用于朗读教学实践中。本文认为高层次思维策略教学，经过审慎的计划及修改后，便可以适用于教导年幼的学生。Cet article discute l'importance d'un enseignement de stratégies de compréhension lors des premières années d'école. Il explique comment un enseignant a intégré AlphaBoxes (boîtes alphabétiques), en établissant des connections et la discussion sur la Toile en tant que partie de sa pratique de lecture à haute voix. L'article soutient que, si l'on procède à une planification soignée, des stratégies cognitives de haut niveau peuvent être adaptées à l'intention des jeunes élèves.Статья посвящена освоению учащимися начальных классов стратегий понимания текста. Необходимость такой учебной деятельности представлена на примере практики одной учительницы, которая, читая с детьми вслух, интегрировала в этот процесс работу с графическим организатором “Альфа‐клетки”, установление логических связей и таблицу “перекрестная дискуссия”. Авторы доказывают, что при тщательном планировании можно адаптировать стратегии мышления высокого порядка для младших школьников.Este artículo discute la importancia de la enseñanza de estrategias de comprensión en los primeros grados. Explica cómo una maestra logró integrar en su clase de lectura en voz alta el uso de Alphaboxes que permite hacer conexiones y tener discusiones en la red. Este artículo propone que, por medio de la planificación cuidadosa, se pueden modificar las estrategias de pensamiento de orden superior en los adultos jóvenes.
Effect of Dental Plaque Control on Infection of Helicobacter pylori in Gastric Mucosa
Authors: Jia Chun‐Ling , Jiang Guang‐Shui , Li Chun‐Hai , Li Cui‐Rong 
Published: September 2009

Background: Data on the role of dental plaque in the transmission of Helicobacter pylori have varied. Furthermore, there has been few reports on the relationship between dental plaque control and H. pylori infection of gastric mucosa. The purpose of this study was to elucidate this potential relationship.Methods: The 13C urea breath test was conducted on 56 subjects who received dental plaque control and 51 subjects who did not.Results: The prevalence of H. pylori in the gastric mucosa was 19.64% in patients who received dental plaque control, which was significantly lower than in those without dental plaque control (84.31%).Conclusion: Long‐term professional dental plaque control was associated with less gastric reinfection by H. pylori, suggesting that dental plaque control may help to prevent H. pylori‐induced gastric disease or reinfection.
Effect of Platelet‐Rich Plasma on the Healing of Intrabony Defects Treated With an Anorganic Bovine Bone Mineral: A Pilot Study
Authors: Döri Ferenc , Kovács Viola , Arweiler Nicole B. , Huszár Tamás , Gera István , Nikolidakis Dimitris , Sculean Anton 
Published: September 2009

Background: Periodontal therapy using the combination of platelet‐rich plasma (PRP) and different grafting materials has been suggested as a modality to enhance the outcome of regenerative surgery. In most clinical studies, a barrier membrane was used to cover the defects, and thus, the effects of PRP may have been masked by the effects of the barrier. The data from controlled clinical studies evaluating the effect of regenerative therapy using various grafting materials with or without PRP are still limited. The purpose of this study was to clinically compare the healing of intrabony defects treated with either a combination of an anorganic bovine bone mineral (ABBM) and PRP to those obtained with ABBM alone.Methods: Thirty patients with advanced chronic periodontal disease and displaying one intrabony defect were randomly treated with PRP + ABBM or ABBM alone. The following clinical parameters were evaluated at baseline and 1 year after treatment: plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), bleeding on probing (BOP), probing depth (PD), gingival recession (GR), and clinical attachment level (CAL). The primary outcome variable was CAL.Results: No statistical significant differences in any of the investigated parameters between the two groups were observed at baseline. Healing was uneventful in all patients. In the PRP + ABBM group, mean PD decreased from 8.6 ± 1.8 mm to 3.4 ± 1.4 mm (P <0.001) and mean CAL changed from 9.9 ± 1.7 mm to 5.3 ± 1.8 mm (P <0.001). In the ABBM group, mean PD decreased from 8.5 ± 2.0 mm to 3.2 ± 1.3 mm (P <0.001) and mean CAL changed from 9.6 ± 1.9 mm to 4.9 ± 1.5 mm (P <0.001). CAL gains ≥3 mm were measured in 80% (12 of 15 defects) of cases treated with PRP + ABBM and in 87% (13 of 15 defects) of cases treated with ABBM alone. No statistically significant differences in any of the investigated parameters were observed between the two groups at the 1‐year reevaluation.Conclusions: Within the limits of the present study, it can be concluded that 1) at 1 year after regenerative surgery with PRP + ABBM and ABBM alone, significant PD reductions and CAL gains were found, and 2) the use of PRP failed to improve the results obtained with ABBM alone.
Dental Implants Placed in Extraction Sites Grafted With Different Bone Substitutes: Radiographic Evaluation at 24 Months
Authors: Crespi Roberto , Capparè Paolo , Gherlone Enrico 
Published: September 2009

Background: Reduction of alveolar height and width after tooth extraction may provide some problems in implant placement, especially in the anterior maxilla for esthetic reasons. Different graft materials have been advocated to prevent bone‐volume reduction. The aim of this study was to evaluate radiographic parameters of implants positioned in grafted alveoli with three different biomaterials: magnesium‐enriched hydroxyapatite (MHA), calcium sulfate (CS), and heterologous porcine bone (PB).Methods: In 15 patients, 45 fresh extraction sockets with three bone walls were selected. Fifteen sockets received MHA, 15 sockets received CS, and 15 sockets received corticocancellous PB as a graft material. Three months after bone filling, titanium dental implants were placed in grafted sites. Three months after implant placement, temporary restoration was performed. Follow‐up examinations were conducted, and intraoral digital radiographs were taken at baseline and 12 and 24 months after implant placement to evaluate the marginal bone level in each patient. Comparisons for marginal bone loss over time between groups were performed by the Student two‐tailed t test.Results: At the 24‐month follow‐up, a survival rate of 100% was reported for all implants. For the MHA group, a mean mesial bone loss of −0.21 ± 0.08 mm and a mean distal bone loss of −0.22 ± 0.09 mm (mean bone loss: 0.21 ± 0.09 mm) were reported; for the CS group, a mesial bone loss of −0.14 ± 0.07 mm and a distal bone loss of −0.12 ± 0.11 mm (mean bone loss: −0.13 ± 0.09 mm) were measured; for the PB group, a mean mesial bone loss of −0.15 ± 0.10 mm and a mean distal bone loss of −0.16 ± 0.06 mm (mean bone loss: −0.16 ± 0.08 mm) were reported. No statistically significant differences were reported among groups (P >0.05).Conclusion: At the 24‐month follow‐up, the present study showed that placement of implants in grafted sockets was not influenced by the three different biomaterials because they did not negatively impact the clinical outcome.
Effects of Enamel Matrix Derivative on Proliferation/Viability, Migration, and Expression of Angiogenic Factor and Adhesion Molecules in Endothelial Cells In Vitro
Authors: Bertl Kristina , An Na , Bruckmann Corinna , Dard Michel , Andrukhov Oleh , Matejka Michael , Rausch‐Fan Xiaohui 
Published: September 2009

Background: The aim of this study was to test in vitro the effect of enamel matrix derivative (EMD) on the proliferation/viability, migration, and expression of angiogenic factor and adhesion molecules in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). To date, discussions on angiogenic effects of EMD are rather controversial.Methods: The effect of EMD on the proliferation/viability of HUVECs after 24 hours was measured using 3,4,5‐dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl‐2,5‐diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and direct cell counting. Cell migration was observed in an especially adapted in vitro monolayer wound‐healing model. The expression of angiogenic factor angiopoietin‐2 (ang‐2) and adhesion molecules intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)‐1 and vascular endothelium‐selectin (E‐selectin) was quantified with real‐time polymerase chain reaction (PCR).Results: The proliferation/viability of HUVECs measured in MTT assay was stimulated by 0.1 μg/ml EMD and inhibited by higher doses (50 to 100 μg/ml), but the total number of cells was not affected. Cell migration in the wound‐healing assay was promoted by EMD at doses of 0.1 to 50 μg/ml and inhibited at 100 μg/ml. The highest expression level of all three tested genes (ICAM‐1, E‐selectin, and ang‐2) was observed at 50 μg/ml EMD.Conclusion: The results of the present in vitro study show the potential influence of EMD on the angiogenic activity of HUVECs, which may play an important role in periodontal tissue regeneration and wound healing.
The Association of a Polydioxanone Tent Without a Guided Tissue Regeneration Membrane to a Coronal Sliding Flap for Root Coverage
Authors: de Toledo Lourenço Aneliese Holetz , de Toledo Lourenço Evandro , Fraga Marcelo Reis , Vitral Robert Willer Farinazzo 
Published: September 2009

Background: This study verifies clinical results of using a polydioxanone (PDS) tent without a guided tissue regeneration (GTR) membrane for root coverage.Methods: Forty‐nine gingival recessions (in 16 patients) were treated with a PDS tent inserted under the coronally positioned gingival flap. The recession level (RL), probing depth (PD), and keratinized mucosa width (KMW) were registered. Statistical analysis was performed with the Wilcoxon test.Results: In 48 cases, there was a significant reduction in the RL (2.55 ± 1.11 mm on day 0 and 0.34 ± 0.65 mm on day 120; P = 0.0001). PD showed the same values at the beginning and end of treatment in 47 cases (0.99 ± 0.71 mm on days 0 and 120; z = 0.000). There was a significant increase of KMW in 46 cases (2.38 ± 0.76 mm on day 0 and 3.18 ± 0.90 mm on day 120; P = 0.0001).Conclusions: The association of the PDS tent without the GTR membrane to a coronal sliding flap for root coverage of Miller Class I and II gingival recessions allows root coverage, gain of attachment level, and an increase of keratinized mucosa. For root coverage, it is not necessary to use the GTR membrane associated to the PDS tent, thereby reducing surgical costs. Future studies should be conducted to assess the sole performance of the PDS as an alternative method to a connective tissue graft and coronal sliding flap, thus decreasing risks and post‐surgery discomfort.
Clinical Periodontal and Microbiologic Parameters in Patients With Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Stein Jamal M. , Kuch Bernhard , Conrads Georg , Fickl Stefan , Chrobot Jaroslaw , Schulz Susanne , Ocklenburg Christina , Smeets Ralf 
Published: September 2009

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of clinical periodontal parameters and the presence of periodontal pathogens in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI).Methods: A total of 104 subjects (54 patients with AMI and 50 healthy controls) were included. Subgingival plaque samples were analyzed for periodontal pathogens Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (Aa; previously Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans), Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg), Tannerella forsythia (Tf; previously T. forsythensis), and Prevotella intermedia (Pi) using dot‐blot hybridization.Results: Patients with AMI had a significantly higher frequency of probing depths (PDs) ≥4 mm than controls (39.2% versus 14.9%; P <0.0001). Among different cutoff levels, the frequency of >50% sites with PDs ≥4 mm showed the highest discrepancy between both groups (33% versus 0%; P <0.001). All periodontal pathogens were overrepresented in patients with AMI and positively correlated with increased periodontal PD and clinical attachment level (CAL). After adjustment for age, gender, smoking, body mass index, hypertension, plaque index, statin intake, and ratio of cholesterol to high‐density lipoprotein, Pg remained a significant predictor for AMI (odds ratio [OR]: 13.6; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 3.1 to 59.8; P = 0.0005). Furthermore, the simultaneous presence of Aa + Pg (P = 0.0005) and Aa + Pg + Tf (P = 0.0018) were found with significantly higher frequency in patients with AMI than controls.Conclusions: The results of our study confirm an association between periodontitis and AMI in which periodontal destruction was correlated with the presence of periodontal pathogens. In particular, Pg might be considered a potential risk indicator for AMI.
Mechanical Tension Alters Semaphorin Expression in the Periodontium
Authors: Spencer Amber Y. , Lallier Thomas E. 
Published: September 2009

Background: Periodontal remodeling requires coordinated cell movement. Semaphorins are cell‐surface signals that regulate cell migration and may be differentially regulated by periodontal cells. Mechanical tension can regulate periodontal ligament (PDL) remodeling. We predicted that mechanical tension alters the expression of the subset of semaphorins in the periodontium likely to be most involved with regulating the remodeling of this tissue.Methods: PDL and gingival cells were exposed to mechanical tension, and their attachment and movement on collagen matrices were evaluated. Alterations in extracellular matrix and semaphorin transcript expression were monitored by semiquantitative reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction.Results: Mechanical tension induced osteoclast regulatory transcripts in the PDL cells to a greater extent than gingival fibroblasts, increasing the expression of osteoprotegerin and decreasing receptor activator of nuclear factor‐kappa B ligand. These mechanical forces reduced PDL cell mingling, without altering cell attachment or motility. Concurrently, these forces induced dynamic changes in several semaphorin molecules in PDL cells, increasing semaphorin 3D and 5B and decreasing semaphorin 7A. In addition, plexin transcript expression was altered, decreasing plexin A1 and increasing plexin C1. These changes were different than those observed in gingival fibroblasts.Conclusions: These data suggest that a subset of semaphorins and plexins are dynamically regulated in the PDL. Because these molecules may be involved in cell guidance, changes in semaphorins may play a pivotal role in periodontal remodeling, affecting angiogenesis or PDL cell invasion into sites of injury.
Relationship Between Metabolic Syndrome and Periodontal Disease in Japanese Adults
Authors: Kushiyama Mitoshi , Shimazaki Yoshihiro , Yamashita Yoshihisa 
Published: September 2009

Background: Metabolic syndrome is becoming a common disorder worldwide. Studies have shown a relationship between metabolic syndrome and periodontal disease, although information on the relationship is limited.Methods: We analyzed 1,070 Japanese people aged 40, 50, 60, and 70 years who participated in health and periodontal examinations in Miyazaki City, Japan. We examined the relationship between each component and the number of positive components of metabolic syndrome (obesity, high blood pressure, low high‐density lipoprotein [HDL] cholesterol, hypertriglyceridemia, and high plasma glucose) and periodontal status assessed using the Community Periodontal Index (CPI).Results: Of the five components of metabolic syndrome, high blood pressure and low HDL cholesterol level were each significantly associated with having a high CPI code (code 4). The subjects with three components and those with four or five components of metabolic syndrome had a significantly higher prevalence of a high CPI code compared to those having no components after adjusting for confounding variables; the odds ratios were 2.13 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.22 to 3.70) and 2.34 (95% CI: 1.08 to 5.08), respectively.Conclusion: This study supports the suspected but unproved relationship between metabolic syndrome and periodontal disease.
Sex Hormones and Cognitive Functioning of Women
Authors: Šimić Nataša , Gregov Ljiljana 
Published: September 2009

Spolni hormoni i kognitivno funkcioniranje ženaU radu se raspravlja o organizirajućim i aktivirajućim učincima spolnih hormona te o njihovu utjecaju na kognitivno funkcioniranje. Dosadašnja su istraživanja pokazala spolne razlike u nekim specifičnim kognitivnim sposobnostima. Žene su u prosjeku bolje u verbalnoj fluentnosti, perceptivnoj brzini i točnosti, kao i finijoj motorici, dok su muškarci u prosjeku bolji u prostornim i matematičkim sposobnostima. Ove razlike u kognitivnom funkcioniranju dovode se u vezu s izlaganjem mozga fetusa različitim razinama spolnih hormona tijekom prenatalnog života. Studije na skupinama rođenim s genskim poremećajima, kao što su sindrom neosjetljivosti na androgene, kongenitalna adrenalna hiperplazija i Turnerov sindrom također upućuju na organizirajuće učinke spolnih hormona na kognitivno funkcioniranje.Nadalje, dosadašnja istraživanja pokazuju da povišene razine ženskih spolnih hormona u kasnoj folikularnoj i/ili lutealnoj fazi menstrualnog ciklusa potenciraju tipičan ženski kognitivni obrazac funkcioniranja, koji karakterizira veća učinkovitost u zadacima koje u prosjeku bolje rješavaju žene. Niske pak razine ovih hormona, koje karakteriziraju menstrualnu fazu ciklusa, potenciraju tipičan muški obrazac funkcioniranja, koji uključuje bolju učinkovitost u zadacima koje u prosjeku bolje rješavaju muškarci.U radu se također raspravlja o metodološkim razlikama u dosadašnjim istraživanjima organizirajućih i aktivirajućih učinaka spolnih hormona na kognitivno funkcioniranje, kao i o smjernicama za buduća istraživanja.
Chemical Profile of Plomin Bay Sediments
Authors: Oreščanin Višnja , Nađ Karlo , Bartolinčić Anamarija , Valković Vladivoj 
Published: September 2009

Chemical Profile of Plomin Bay SedimentsGranulometric, chemical, and leaching properties of sediments dredged in the Plomin Bay (Northern Adriatic Sea, Croatia) were investigated in order to asses the risk of remobilisation of heavy metals into the water column. In total 65 samples from 65 sampling sites were taken from different sediment depths within the bay. Analysis of variance confirmed the homogeneity of granulometric and elemental composition of the investigated sediment throughout its volume. Granulometric analysis showed that all samples corresponded to a pelitic fraction (<0.063 mm). Bulk elemental mass fractions in the sediments were similar to literature data on relatively unpolluted areas of the Adriatic Sea. High sedimentation rate caused by constant inflow of material from the Boljunčica River drainage may be responsible for low levels of heavy metals and negligible influence of fly and bottom ash from a nearby disposal site on the chemical composition of the sediments. In contact with sea water only 0.29 mg kg-1 of V, 0.04 mg kg-1 of Cr, 0.07 mg kg-1 of Ni, 0.33 mg kg-1 of Cu, 0.67 mg kg-1 of Zn and 0.06 mg kg-1 of Pb could be remobilised from sediment material into the water column. However, these values increased three to ten times in case of leaching with organic acids.
Effects of Passive Smoking at Work on Respiratory Symptoms, Lung Function, and Bronchial Responsiveness in Never-Smoking Office Cleaning Women
Authors: Minov Jordan , Karadžinska-Bislimovska Jovanka , Vasilevska Kristin , Risteska-Kuc Snežana , Stoleski Sašo 
Published: September 2009

Effects of Passive Smoking at Work on Respiratory Symptoms, Lung Function, and Bronchial Responsiveness in Never-Smoking Office Cleaning WomenThis cross-sectional study compares respiratory symptoms, lung function, and bronchial responsiveness between 27 office cleaning women exposed to environmental tobacco smoke at work and 57 unexposed controls. The age range of both groups was 24 to 56 years, and none of the women had ever smoked. Information on respiratory symptoms, cleaning work history, and passive smoking in the workplace were obtained with a questionnaire. The subjects also took a skin prick test to common inhalant allergens, a lung function test, and a histamine challenge. Despite smoking restriction in indoor environments, we found a high prevalence of passive smokers in the workplace (32.1 %). In these subjects we found a significantly higher prevalence of wheezing with breathlessness (25.9 % vs. 8.8 %; P=0.036), wheezing without cold (25.9 % vs. 7.0 %; P=0.016), and breathlessness after effort (29.6 % vs. 8.8 %; P=0.014) than in control subjects. Objective measurements showed a significantly lower MEF25 (53.6 % vs. 63.7 %; P=0.001) and a significantly higher prevalence of borderline bronchial hyperresponsiveness (22.2 % vs. 7.0 %; P=0.044) in the passive smokers in the workplace. This study provides evidence of adverse respiratory effects in office cleaning women associated with passive smoking in the workplace. Our findings support a stricter implementation of the current national law to protect respiratory health of all workers.