bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bacterial community and cyanotoxin gene distribution of the Winam Gulf, Lake Victoria, Kenya
Authors: Brown Katelyn M. , Barker Katelyn B. , Wagner Ryan S. , Ward Christopher S. , Sitoki Lewis , Njiru James , Omondi Reuben , Achiya James , Getabu Albert , McKay R. Michael , Bullerjahn George S. ,   the NSF‐IRES Lake Victoria Research Consortium
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe Winam Gulf (Kenya) is frequently impaired by cyanobacterial harmful algal blooms (cHABs) due to inadequate wastewater treatment and excess agricultural nutrient input. While phytoplankton in Lake Victoria have been characterized using morphological criteria, our aim is to identify potential toxin‐producing cyanobacteria using molecular approaches. The Gulf was sampled over two successive summer seasons, and 16S and 18S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing was performed. Additionally, key genes involved in production of cyanotoxins were examined by quantitative PCR. Bacterial communities were spatially variable, forming distinct clusters in line with regions of the Gulf. Taxa associated with diazotrophy were dominant near Homa Bay. On the eastern side, samples exhibited elevated cyrA abundances, indicating genetic capability of cylindrospermopsin synthesis. Indeed, near the Nyando River mouth in 2022, cyrA exceeded 10 million copies L−1 where there were more than 6000 Cylindrospermopsis spp. cells mL−1. In contrast, the southwestern region had elevated mcyE gene (microcystin synthesis) detections near Homa Bay where Microcystis and Dolichospermum spp. were observed. These findings show that within a relatively small embayment, composition and toxin synthesis potential of cHABs can vary dramatically. This underscores the need for multifaceted management approaches and frequent cyanotoxin monitoring to reduce human health impacts.
Seeking residents' views regarding Australian residential aged care: A scoping review
Authors: Caine Anne‐Maree , Gustafsson Louise , Molineux Matthew , Aplin Tammy 
Published: June 2024

AbstractObjectiveThis scoping review aimed to explore topics on which the views of residents of Australian residential aged care facilities (RACFs) have been sought.MethodsScoping review methodology as outlined by Arksey and O'Malley was used to identify, explore and report on the range of literature regarding views of RACF residents. Seven electronic databases were searched using broad search terms relevant to the RACF context. Descriptive numerical analysis was completed for publication year, journal name and target profession, research methods and participant types. Thematic analysis then focussed on the aims of the included studies.ResultsFour thousand two hundred and ninety studies were screened, and 104 publications met the inclusion criteria. A broad range of topics were explored by researchers, with the largest number of papers focused on residents' views of systems within RACFs (n = 24) and new programs and interventions (n = 21). Smaller topic areas included health conditions and health‐care services (n = 13), socialisation (n = 13), physical activity (n = 3), self‐care (n = 4), leisure (n = 4), general everyday life (n = 20) and aspects of the residential aged care environment (n = 15). There was limited exploration of meaningful activity (n = 13). The inclusion of residents with cognitive impairment was inconsistent, and the voices of other stakeholders were often privileged.ConclusionsVoices of residents must be heard in order to prioritise the health and well‐being of this population. More research which focuses on what is important to residents is needed and must include residents with cognitive impairment more effectively. Identification of optimal research methods with this population would make an important contribution in this area.
A Most Significant Change evaluation of a new co‐designed tool to measure holistic well‐being in consumers of community aged care services
Authors: Wells Yvonne , Haines Simon , Hampton Ilsa 
Published: June 2024

AbstractObjectivesTo evaluate a Wellbeing Check‐in tool and process for use with BlueCare's home care package (HCP) clients by care and well‐being practitioners. The tool had been co‐designed with HCP clients and trialled with 15 clients.MethodsThe Most Significant Change (MSC) methodology was used to gather stories from five practitioners, five HCP staff and seven clients. A workshop with senior staff was held to determine themes and whether the tool met its aims.ResultsOut of 22 MSC stories, 18 were judged in scope by workshop participants. Eight themes were then identified. Four themes reflected the content of the narratives (i.e. what was discussed): Isolation and connection; Grief; Faith/explicit spirituality; and Client preference. The other four themes reflected the process (i.e. what the discussions meant to participants): Being there/Meaningful conversations; Impact on significant others; New insight; and Purpose of the check‐in. These eight themes largely reflected the aims of the Wellbeing Check‐in tool in terms of providing a means to optimise connectedness, well‐being and spiritual care in accordance with the client's needs, goals and preferences. Unanticipated findings included its benefits for family members and uncertainty about the aim or value of the tool, which highlighted the need for BlueCare to be clear about the purpose of the tool in promoting it to clients and their informal carers.ConclusionsThe Wellbeing Check‐in tool was found to be fit for purpose. A tool used flexibly to prompt discussion about well‐being can be helpful to clients and pastoral care staff.
Functional diversity of avian communities in response to habitat fragmentation in human‐dominated landscapes of Tanzania miombo woodlands
Authors: Kavana David J. , Mbije Nsajigwa , Mayeji Teclamageni S. , Yu Bing 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBiodiversity conservation in human‐inhabited landscapes is increasingly gaining attention due to the global decline of species. Understanding the impact of human activities on avian functional ecology is becoming increasingly important as habitats are transformed. We assessed the influence of habitat fragmentation on avian functional diversity (FD), focusing on metrics like functional richness (FRic), evenness (FEve) and divergence (FDiv). We calculated the FRic, FEve and FDiv across habitats using ‘fundiversity’ R package. We also calculated the Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI) and estimated land‐use cover of the study area from Landsat 8 images. We observed higher FD in minimally disturbed habitats, where among the habitats, woodland had high FD while human settlement had low. This supports the intermediate disturbance hypothesis, which suggests that moderate disturbance can increase species diversity. Our findings emphasise the pivotal role of fragmented habitats in shaping avian functional ecology, with environmental variables such as the EVI influencing diversity across habitats. Hence, we promote sustainable conservation connectivity, proper land management practices and conservation‐friendly agricultural practices for sustainable biodiversity conservation.
Mechanomyography reflects the changes in oxygenated hemoglobin during electrically evoked cycling in individuals with spinal cord injury
Authors: Hamzaid Nur Azah , Hamdan Puteri Nur Farhana , Teoh Mira Xiao‐Hui , Abd Razak Nasrul Anuar , Hasnan Nazirah , Davis Glen M. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundFunctional electrical stimulation (FES) cycling has been reported to enhance muscle strength and improve muscle fatigue resistance after spinal cord injury (SCI). Despite its proposed benefits, the quantification of muscle fatigue during FES cycling remains poorly documented. This study sought to quantify the relationship between the vibrational performance of electrically‐evoked muscles measured through mechanomyography (MMG) and its oxidative metabolism through near‐infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) characteristics during FES cycling in fatiguing paralyzed muscles in individuals with SCI.MethodsSix individuals with SCI participated in the study. They performed 30 min of FES cycling with MMG and NIRS sensors on their quadriceps throughout the cycling, and the signals were analyzed.ResultsA moderate negative correlation was found between MMG root mean square (RMS) and oxyhaemoglobin (O2Hb) [r = −0.38, p = 0.003], and between MMG RMS and total hemoglobin (tHb) saturation [r = −0.31, p = 0.017]. Statistically significant differences in MMG RMS, O2Hb, and tHb saturation occurred during pre‐ and post‐fatigue of FES cycling (p < 0.05).ConclusionsMMG RMS was negatively associated with O2Hb and muscle oxygen derived from NIRS. MMG and NIRS sensors showed good inter‐correlations, suggesting a promising use of MMG for characterizing metabolic fatigue at the muscle oxygenation level during FES cycling in individuals with SCI.
Letter: Shifting focus—From ChatGPT to specialised medical LLMs
Authors: Wang Shuo , Kinoshita Shotaro , Yokoyama Hiromi M. 
Published: June 2024

LINKED CONTENTThis article is linked to Giuffrè et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.18058 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.18125.
Establishing a sense of community: Moral socialization in girls‐only football for inclusion
Authors: Wirzén Madeleine , Ekholm David 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis article explores the establishment of a sense of community within a girls‐only sports‐based intervention targeting social inclusion in a socially disadvantaged area of Sweden. Employing an ethnographic approach involving participant observations and interviews, the study shows how moral socialization, through practices of discipline, teaching and care, fosters a sense of community. Through detailed observations, the study illustrates that community formation is an active, relational construct rather than a pre‐existing entity, shaped significantly by both leaders and participants. Our findings reveal that the girls, through reflective engagement with norms and moral values, co‐create a community that promotes social inclusion.
ICA1 affects APP processing through the PICK1‐PKCα signaling pathway
Authors: Ji Liangye , Meng ZiJun , Dong Xiangjun , Wang Qunxian , Jiang Yanshuang , Zhang Jie , Hu Dongjie , Guo Shipeng , Zhou Weihui , Song Weihong 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAimsIslet cell autoantigen 1 (ICA1) is involved in autoimmune diseases and may affect synaptic plasticity as a neurotransmitter. Databases related to Alzheimer's disease (AD) have shown decreased ICA1 expression in patients with AD. However, the role of ICA1 in AD remains unclear. Here, we report that ICA1 expression is decreased in the brains of patients with AD and an AD mouse model.ResultsThe ICA1 increased the expression of amyloid precursor protein (APP), disintegrin and metalloprotease 10 (ADAM10), and disintegrin and metalloprotease 17 (ADAM17), but did not affect protein half‐life or mRNA levels. Transcriptome sequencing analysis showed that ICA1 regulates the G protein‐coupled receptor signaling pathway. The overexpression of ICA1 increased PKCα protein levels and phosphorylation.ConclusionOur results demonstrated that ICA1 shifts APP processing to non‐amyloid pathways by regulating the PICK1‐PKCα signaling pathway. Thus, this study suggests that ICA1 is a novel target for the treatment of AD.
Effects of combined training on nonshivering thermogenic activity of muscles in individuals with overweight and type 2 diabetes
Authors: Finardi Enrico Antonio Rautenberg , Bonfante Ivan Luiz Padilha , Monfort‐Pires Milena , Duft Renata Garbellini , Mateus Keryma Chaves da Silva , Brunetto Sergio Querino , Chacon‐Mikahil Mara Patricia T. , Ramos Celso Darío , Velloso Licio Augusto , Cavaglieri Cláudia R. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundIncreased thermogenic activity has shown to be a promising target for treating and preventing obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2DM). Little is known about the muscular influence on nonshivering thermogenesis (NST), and it remains unclear whether physical training and potential metabolic improvements could be associated with changes in this type of thermogenic activity.ObjectiveThe present study aimed to assess muscular NST activity in overweight and T2DM before and after a combined training period (strength training followed by aerobic exercise).MethodsNonshivering cold‐induced 18‐fluoroxyglucose positron emission computed tomography (18F‐FDG PET/CT) was performed before and after 16 weeks of combined training in 12 individuals with overweight and T2DM. The standard uptake value (SUV) of 18F‐FDG was evaluated in skeletal muscles, the heart and the aorta.ResultsMuscles in the neck region exhibit higher SUV pre‐ and posttraining. Furthermore, a decrease in glucose uptake by the muscles of the lower and upper extremities and in the aorta was observed after training when adjusted for brown adipose tissue (BAT). These pre–post effects are accompanied by increased cardiac SUV and occur concurrently with heightened energy expenditure and metabolic improvements.ConclusionsMuscles in the neck region have greater metabolic activity upon exposure to cold. In addition, combined training appears to induce greater NST, favoring the trunk and neck region compared to limbs based on joint work and adaptations between skeletal muscles and BAT.
Subclinical effects of botulinum toxin A and microwave thermolysis for axillary hyperhidrosis: A descriptive study with line‐field confocal optical coherence tomography and histology
Authors: Grove Gabriela Lladó , Jacobsen Kevin , Maartensson Nina Loeth , Haedersdal Merete 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBotulinum toxin A (BTX) and microwave thermolysis (MWT) are standard axillary hyperhidrosis treatments, but comparison of their subclinical effects is lacking. Line‐field confocal optical coherence tomography (LC‐OCT) is a promising non‐invasive imaging tool for visualizing tissue‐interactions. This study aimed to describe subclinical effects of BTX and MWT for axillary hyperhidrosis with LC‐OCT‐imaging compared to histology. This study derived from an intra‐individual, randomized, controlled trial, treating axillary hyperhidrosis with BTX versus MWT. Subclinical effects based on LC‐OCT images from baseline and 6‐month follow‐up (n = 8 patients) were evaluated and compared to corresponding histological samples. At baseline, LC‐OCT visualized eccrine pores at the skin surface and ducts in the upper dermis (500 μm), but not deeper‐lying sweat glands. Histology identified entire sweat glands. Six months post‐treatment, LC‐OCT revealed no detectable morphology changes in any BTX‐treated axillae (100%), while recognizing obstructed eccrine pores and atrophy of eccrine ducts in most MWT‐treated axillae (75%). Histology corroborated LC‐OCT findings, while also showing substantial changes to entire sweat glands. LC‐OCT enabled visualization of subclinical alterations of superficial eccrine ducts after MWT and unchanged morphology after BTX. LC‐OCT is a promising tool for non‐invasive assessment of treatment‐specific tissue‐interactions that can be complementary to histology.
Critical consciousness and anti‐racist action as rooted in family processes
Authors: Mejia Yesenia , Christophe N. Keita , Lobo Frances M. , Desmarais Ariane , Stein Gabriela L. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractRacially ethnically marginalized communities in the United States are exposed to structural and interpersonal forms of racism that have harmful effects on their health, wealth, education, and employment (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Racism and Health. https://www.cdc.gov/minorityhealth/racism‐disparities/index.html, 2021). Although a plethora of research exists outlining these harmful effects, research examining how youth from diverse backgrounds effectively combat racism is lacking. Emerging research demonstrates that families may play a key role in the development of critical consciousness and participation in anti‐racist actions (Bañales et al., Journal of Social Issues, 2021, 77, 964; Blanco Martinez et al., American Journal of Community Psychology, 2022, 70, 278; Lozada et al., Journal of Black Psychology, 2017, 43, 493). Yet, many key family processes have not been examined in relation to youth development of anti‐racist practices. The current study included a sample of 327 racially ethnically diverse emerging adults (Mage = 18.80, SD = 1.28, range = 18–25), and explored the association between ethnic–racial socialization (cultural socialization, preparation for bias) and youth critical consciousness (reflection, motivation, action) and anti‐racist (interpersonal, communal, political change) actions, and how familism values impact these associations. Results found that ethnic–racial socialization was positively associated with all aspects of critical consciousness and anti‐racist actions. Results also found that familism significantly interacted with ethnic–racial socialization to predict some aspects of critical consciousness and anti‐racist actions, but not others. Implications of the findings and future research directions are discussed.
Low‐temperature sintering performance study of CCTO–Mn–Co series black Al2O3 ceramics by the one‐step method
Authors: Zhao He , Wang Sen , Liu Gaobin , Wang Biao , Zhao Shuang , Yuan Qi , Song Kuoming 
Published: June 2024

AbstractTo confer light‐blocking properties upon the Al2O3 encapsulation material, this study employed a one‐step method using α‐Al2O3 as the main raw material to synthesize CaCu3Ti4O12(CCTO)–MnO2–Co2O3 series black Al2O3 ceramics. The research investigated their coloring effect, sintering behavior, dielectric, and mechanical properties. The results indicate that the CCTO–MnO2–Co2O3 series colorants successfully dyed the Al2O3 ceramics black, while their introduction resulted in the formation of various spinel‐type compounds and facilitated the sintering of Al2O3 ceramics. The sintering mechanism and performance effects of black Al2O3 ceramics were thoroughly investigated, revealing that with an increase in the colorant content, all properties of the samples improved. When the colorant content reached 15.0 wt.%, the coloring effect reached its optimum, with a relative density of 96.7%, a dielectric constant of 12.5, a dielectric loss of .0081, a flexural strength of 314.4 MPa, and a Vickers hardness of 1254.5 Hv.
Intersectional and Decolonial Perspectives on an Incorporeal Materialism: Towards an Elemental Philosophy of Art Education
Authors: Rousell David , Hickey‐Moody Anna , Aleksic Jelena 
Published: June 2024

AbstractConsidering art and its educative potentials as a living experiment with the body's elemental constitution and modes of organisation, this article engages water, earth, air, and fire as milieus through which a body learns to sense, move, and act in the world differently. This leads to a series of propositions for an elemental philosophy of arts education, which recognises the intersectional and decolonial potentials of bodies, and strives to amplify and proliferate these potentials through creative pedagogic practices. If, as Elizabeth Grosz (2017) proposes, “the chain of evolutionary emergence is unbroken not only materially but also conceptually” (p. 250), then arts education offers an expression of the body's incorporeal and material potentials as they change and evolve through time. Further to this position, we argue that arts education has the potential to radically reframe relationships with water, earth, air, and fire in ways that resist their co‐option as tools of colonialism and intersecting categories of oppression.
Association of cardiovascular events with central systolic blood pressure: A systemic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Li Kaiyin , Gao Lan , Jiang Yimeng , Jia Jia , Li Jianping , Fan Fangfang , Zhang Yan , Huo Yong 
Published: June 2024

AbstractCentral blood pressure confers cardiovascular risk prediction ability, but whether the association between central systolic blood pressure (cSBP) and cardiovascular endpoints is independent of peripheral systolic blood pressure (pSBP) remains controversial. This systematic review and meta‐analysis aim to investigate the associations between cSBP and cardiovascular endpoints in models including and excluding pSBP, respectively. Observational studies assessing the risk of composite cardiovascular endpoints with baseline cSBP were searched in PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library to May 31, 2022. Risk of bias was assessed by the Newcastle‐Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale, and random‐effects models were used to pool estimates. Finally, 48 200 participants from 19 studies with a mean age of 59.0 ± 6.9 years were included. Per 10 mmHg increase of cSBP was associated with higher risk of composite cardiovascular outcomes (risk ratio [RR]: 1.14 [95%CI 1.08–1.19]) and cardiovascular death (RR: 1.18 [95%CI 1.08–1.30]), and the associations still existed after adjusting for pSBP (RR: 1.13 [95%CI 1.05–1.21] for composite cardiovascular endpoints; RR: 1.25 [95%CI 1.09–1.43] for cardiovascular death). In pSBP‐unadjusted studies, increased cSBP was also associated with higher risk of all‐cause mortality and stroke, but not in the pSBP‐adjusted studies. Both cSBP and pSBP were similarly significantly associated with composite cardiovascular endpoints in models containing them separately and simultaneously. cSBP was significantly associated with cardiovascular events, independently of pSBP. Central or peripheral SBP could supplement cardiovascular risk assessment besides each other.
Photoaging and cosmeceutical solutions in sun‐overexposed countries: The experience of Australia and Brazil
Authors: Goodman Greg J. , Bagatin Edileia 
Published: June 2024

AbstractSkin aging is the result of physiological changes determined by genetically driven processes and intrinsic factors, and exacerbated by a combination of multiple environmental factors, the main one being sun exposure. The effects of photoaging are particularly apparent on the face, where the appearance of aging signs can have a significant impact on the emotions conveyed and well‐being. Photoprotection and facial skin care for managing photoaging signs are thus of particular importance for both physical and mental health. Countries, like Australia and Brazil, where the level of sun exposure is high and the populations have predominantly outdoor lifestyles, are particularly aware of the harms of photoaging and have implemented several measures to help reduce the risk of skin cancer in their populations. However, sun‐seeking behaviours are difficult to change, and it takes time before interventions provide perceptible results. Australia still has some of the highest skin cancer incidence and mortality rates in the world. Solutions that target individuals can also be used for minimizing the clinical signs of facial aging and for improving skin quality, with the ultimate aim being not only to improve the appearance of the skin but also to mitigate the occurrence of pre‐malignant and malignant lesions. This review summarizes the features of facial skin photoaging in photo‐exposed populations, based on evidence gained from studies of Australian individuals, and discusses the various available solutions for skin photoaging, in particular those that are most popular in Brazil, which is a country with many years of experience in managing photoaged skin.