bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Virtual reality interventions designed to support parents during and throughout the first year after birth: A scoping review
Authors: Fallon Victoria , Davies Sian M , Silverio Sergio , Creagh Lisa 
Published: April 2024

ObjectiveVirtual reality (VR) has become increasingly popular in clinical and health settings where it has been used for a wide range of purposes. A recent scoping review explored VR applications to assist pregnant women and found that VR was a useful method to be used for a range of different purposes in both pregnancy and labour. However, no such review exists for the period after birth.MethodWe aimed to search for studies that used VR to support parents during birth and in the first year postpartum (Population) in different settings (Context), and finally provided data on the characteristics, reported effectiveness and experience of VR interventions (Concept). Two hundred and fifty-one studies were identified, of which ten were eligible. Two authors independently extracted data including study design, participants and results.ResultsFindings indicate that VR has been used effectively in this context to alleviate depression anxiety, and multiple domains of pain and to improve childbirth satisfaction. The majority of the studies explored the use of VR technology on outcomes such as pain and anxiety during labour and birth. The studies included used a broad range of VR hardware and software. All of the studies reported positive experiences of using VR.ConclusionsAcross these studies, VR was found to be effective in terms of both physiological and psychological outcomes. There are many unexplored maternal and infant focused applications of VR which warrant further investigation as emerging evidence indicates this is becoming an increasingly accessible method to improve maternal and infant health outcomes from pregnancy through to parenthood.
The Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Clinical Practicum of Undergraduate Nursing and Midwifery Students in Jordan: A Descriptive Survey
Authors: Alnjadat Rafi M. , Al-Rawashdeh Ahmad B. , Almutairi Faizah Ayedh , Shahin Mahmoud Abdel Hameed 
Published: April 2024

Introduction The effects of COVID-19 lockdowns and the discontinued face-to-face clinical practicum had negative consequences on nursing and midwifery students at many levels. The clinical learning environment includes all the training and learning experiences that nursing students undergo during their clinical practicum. Objectives This study aimed to assess the effects of the COVID-19 lockdowns on the nursing and midwifery students’ practicum training in governmental and private universities and academic faculties of nursing in Jordan. Methods A descriptive cross-sectional study of 1025 nursing and midwifery students from academic faculties of nursing of both governmental and private Jordanian universities was conducted in September 2021. The research group from two Jordanian universities designed and validated a 13-item survey to determine and evaluate the impact of mass lockdowns on nursing and midwifery students’ practicum training. The responses were assessed using descriptive and inferential analyses. Results The findings revealed that the lockdown had a negative impact on nursing and midwifery students’ self-confidence and competency in performing nursing procedures. The academic year of the students was a significant independent predictor of their self-confidence and competency levels in performing nursing procedures. Conclusion The study concluded that nursing and midwifery students were dissatisfied with their clinical education during the COVID-19 pandemic, which led to poor self-confidence in performing nursing procedures. The study group recommended repeating the clinical practicum, incorporating extensive laboratory and hospital courses, and implementing a one-year internship for newly graduated nurses and midwives to address the training gap and enhance self-confidence in clinical procedures.
Primary care-based screening and recruitment for an adolescent depression prevention trial: Contextual considerations during a youth mental health crisis
Authors: Knepper Amanda K. , Feinstein Rebecca T. , Sanchez-Flack Jennifer , Fitzgibbon Marian , Lefaiver Cheryl , McHugh Ashley , Gladstone Tracy R.G. , Van Voorhees Benjamin W. 
Published: April 2024

Background Rising rates of adolescent depression in the wake of COVID-19 and a youth mental health crisis highlight the urgent need for accessible mental healthcare and prevention within primary care. Digital mental health interventions (DMHIs) may increase access for underserved populations. However, these interventions are not well studied in adolescents, nor healthcare settings. The purpose of this study was to identify barriers and facilitators to screening and recruitment activities for PATH 2 Purpose (P2P): Primary Care and Community-Based Prevention of Mental Disorders in Adolescents, a multi-site adolescent depression prevention trial comparing two digital prevention programs within four diverse health systems in two U.S. states. Method This qualitative study is a component of a larger Hybrid Type I trial. We conducted semi-structured key informant interviews with clinical and non-clinical implementers involved with screening and recruitment for the P2P trial. Informed by the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR), interviews were conducted at the midpoint of the trial to identify barriers, facilitators, and needed adaptations, and to gather information on determinants that may affect future implementation. Findings Respondents perceived the P2P trial as valuable, well aligned with the mission of their health systems. However, several barriers were identified, many of which stemmed from influences outside of the healthcare settings. Universal and site-specific outer setting influences (COVID-19 pandemic, youth mental health crisis, local community conditions) interacted with Inner Setting and Innovation domains to create numerous challenges to the implementation of screening and recruitment. Conclusion Our findings emphasize the need for ongoing, comprehensive assessment of dynamic inner and outer setting contexts prior to and during implementation of clinical trials, as well as flexibility for adaptation to unique clinical contexts. The CFIR is useful for assessing determinants during times of rapid inner and outer setting change, such as those brought on by the COVID-19 pandemic, youth mental health crisis, and the corresponding exacerbation of resource strain within healthcare settings Clinical trial registration PATH 2 Purpose: Primary Care and Community-Based Prevention of Mental Disorders in Adolescents https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT04290754 .
A Qualitative Examination of Perceptions of Mindfulness Among Arab, Middle Eastern, and North African Americans: Implications for Cultural Adaptation of Mindfulness-Based Interventions
Authors: Haidar Andrea , Kalantzis Maria , Nallajerla Meghana , Vela Alyssa , Adler Shelley R. , Burnett-Zeigler Inger 
Published: April 2024

Background Mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) are well-positioned to address health disparities among racial-ethnic minority communities, given their focus on stress reduction and potential for greater accessibility and acceptability than conventional mental health treatments. Yet, there are currently no peer-reviewed studies of MBIs in an Arab, Middle Eastern, or North African (MENA) American sample. Addressing this gap in the literature is critical for advancing integrative health equity, given the high burden of stress and high prevalence of stress-related health conditions among Arab/MENA Americans. Objective The present study sought to explore perceptions of mindfulness among Arab/MENA Americans and identify potential cultural adaptations to MBIs for this population. Methods 4 focus groups were conducted with 26 Arab/MENA American adults who had participated in an introductory mindfulness workshop. Participants were asked about their experience learning mindfulness skills, the usefulness of mindfulness for problems they face, the alignment of mindfulness with their cultural values and practices, and suggestions for adapting mindfulness programs. Qualitative coding of focus group session transcriptions was conducted to identify themes in the data. Conclusion The participants in this study described experiencing high levels of stress and identified micro- and macro-level stressors related to their Arab/MENA American identity, including discrimination, exclusion, historical and intergenerational trauma, and protracted sociopolitical crises in their heritage countries. They viewed mindfulness as a potentially useful approach to coping with stress. At the same time, participants identified aspects of mindfulness that could be adjusted to better align with their cultural values and experiences. Potential adaptations to MBIs for Arab/MENA Americans were identified based on suggestions from participants and issues they raised while discussing cultural strengths, stressors they face, and perceived barriers and facilitators to engaging in mindfulness practice.
Bleomycin induces senescence and repression of DNA repair via downregulation of Rad51
Authors: Chen Fuqiang , Zhao Wenna , Du Chenghong , Chen Zihan , Du Jie , Zhou Meijuan 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
Bleomycin, a potent antitumor agent, is limited in clinical use due to the potential for fatal pulmonary toxicity. The accelerated DNA damage and senescence in alveolar epithelial cells (AECs) is considered a key factor in the development of lung pathology. Understanding the mechanisms for bleomycin-induced lung injury is crucial for mitigating its adverse effects.

Methods
Human lung epithelial (A549) cells were exposed to bleomycin and subsequently assessed for cellular senescence, DNA damage, and double-strand break (DSB) repair. The impact of Rad51 overexpression on DSB repair and senescence in AECs was evaluated in vitro. Additionally, bleomycin was intratracheally administered in C57BL/6 mice to establish a pulmonary fibrosis model.

Results
Bleomycin exposure induced dose- and time-dependent accumulation of senescence hallmarks and DNA lesions in AECs. These effects are probably due to the inhibition of Rad51 expression, consequently suppressing homologous recombination (HR) repair. Mechanistic studies revealed that bleomycin-mediated transcriptional inhibition of Rad51 might primarily result from E2F1 depletion. Furthermore, the genetic supplement of Rad51 substantially mitigated bleomycin-mediated effects on DSB repair and senescence in AECs. Notably, decreased Rad51 expression was also observed in the bleomycin‐induced mouse pulmonary fibrosis model.

Conclusions
Our works suggest that the inhibition of Rad51 plays a pivotal role in bleomycin-induced AECs senescence and lung injury, offering potential strategies to alleviate the pulmonary toxicity of bleomycin.
Multiplex proteomics identifies inflammation-related plasma biomarkers for aging and cardio-metabolic disorders
Authors: Wu Siting , Li Yulin , Zhao Xue , Shi Fu-Dong , Chen Jingshan 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
Cardio-metabolic disorders (CMDs) are common in aging people and are pivotal risk factors for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Inflammation is involved in the pathogenesis of CVDs and aging, but the underlying inflammatory molecular phenotypes in CMDs and aging are still unknown.

Method
We utilized multiple proteomics to detect 368 inflammatory proteins in the plasma of 30 subjects, including healthy young individuals, healthy elderly individuals, and elderly individuals with CMDs, by Proximity Extension Assay technology (PEA, O-link). Protein-protein interaction (PPI) network and functional modules were constructed to explore hub proteins in differentially expressed proteins (DEPs). The correlation between proteins and clinical traits of CMDs was analyzed and diagnostic value for CMDs of proteins was evaluated by ROC curve analysis.

Result
Our results revealed that there were 161 DEPs (adjusted p < 0.05) in normal aging and EGF was the most differentially expressed hub protein in normal aging. Twenty-eight DEPs were found in elderly individuals with CMDs and MMP1 was the most differentially expressed hub protein in CMDs. After the intersection of DEPs in aging and CMDs, there were 10 overlapping proteins: SHMT1, MVK, EGLN1, SLC39A5, NCF2, CXCL6, IRAK4, REG4, PTPN6, and PRDX5. These proteins were significantly correlated with the level of HDL-C, TG, or FPG in plasma. They were verified to have good diagnostic value for CMDs in aging with an AUC > 0.7. Among these, EGLN1, NCF2, REG4, and SLC39A2 were prominently increased both in normal aging and aging with CMDs.

Conclusion
Our results could reveal molecular markers for normal aging and CMDs, which need to be further expanded the sample size and to be further investigated to predict their significance for CVDs.
scGAL: unmask tumor clonal substructure by jointly analyzing independent single-cell copy number and scRNA-seq data
Authors: Li Ruixiang , Shi Fangyuan , Song Lijuan , Yu Zhenhua 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
Accurately deciphering clonal copy number substructure can provide insights into the evolutionary mechanism of cancer, and clustering single-cell copy number profiles has become an effective means to unmask intra-tumor heterogeneity (ITH). However, copy numbers inferred from single-cell DNA sequencing (scDNA-seq) data are error-prone due to technically confounding factors such as amplification bias and allele-dropout, and this makes it difficult to precisely identify the ITH.

Results
We introduce a hybrid model called scGAL to infer clonal copy number substructure. It combines an autoencoder with a generative adversarial network to jointly analyze independent single-cell copy number profiles and gene expression data from same cell line. Under an adversarial learning framework, scGAL exploits complementary information from gene expression data to relieve the effects of noise in copy number data, and learns latent representations of scDNA-seq cells for accurate inference of the ITH. Evaluation results on three real cancer datasets suggest scGAL is able to accurately infer clonal architecture and surpasses other similar methods. In addition, assessment of scGAL on various simulated datasets demonstrates its high robustness against the changes of data size and distribution. scGAL can be accessed at: https://github.com/zhyu-lab/scgal.

Conclusions
Joint analysis of independent single-cell copy number and gene expression data from a same cell line can effectively exploit complementary information from individual omics, and thus gives more refined indication of clonal copy number substructure.
MAFLD with central obesity is associated with increased risk of colorectal adenoma and high-risk adenoma
Authors: Xiong Jingfang , Wu Yijun , Chen Dongya , Zhang Zhaolin , Liu Yihui , Luo Jiandong , Xu Hong 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Objective
To analyze the risk factors associated with colorectal adenoma and to investigate the associations of metabolism-related fatty liver disease (MAFLD) with obesity, colorectal adenoma and high-risk adenoma.

Methods
A total of 1395 subjects were enrolled and divided into a colorectal adenoma group (593 subjects) and a control group (802 subjects) according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The characteristics of patients in the colorectal adenoma group and the control group were compared by the chi-square test. Univariate and multivariate logistic analyses were used to analyze independent risk factors and associations with different MAFLD subtypes. Colorectal adenoma characteristics and the proportion of patients with high-risk colorectal adenoma were also compared.

Results
High-density lipoprotein (HDL-C) was significantly lower in patients in the colorectal adenoma group than in those in the control group (P < 0.001). Logistic regression analysis revealed that age, obesity status, central obesity status, hypertension status, diabetes status, fatty liver status, smoking history, BMI, waist circumference, triglyceride level, HDL-C level, fasting blood glucose level and degree of hepatic steatosis were all independent risk factors for colorectal adenoma. Notably, MAFLD was associated with a significantly increased risk of colorectal adenoma in patients with central obesity (P < 0.001). In addition, obesity, central obesity, diabetes, fatty liver and degree of hepatic steatosis were all shown to be independent risk factors for high-risk colorectal adenoma. In addition, a greater proportion of MAFLD patients with central obesity than those without central obesity had high-risk colorectal adenoma.

Conclusion
MAFLD and central obesity are independently associated with the development of colorectal adenoma. MAFLD with central obesity is associated with an increased risk of colorectal adenoma and high-risk adenoma.
Outcomes in orthopedic device infections due to Streptococcus agalactiae: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Diarra Ava , Gachet Benoit , Beltrand Eric , Dartus Julien , Loiez Caroline , Fiaux Elise , Patoz Pierre , Robineau Olivier , Senneville Eric 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
Group B streptococci (Streptococcus agalactiae) (GBS) is a rare cause of prosthetic joint infection (PJI) occurring in patients with comorbidities and seems to be associated with a poor outcome. Depiction of GBS PJI is scarce in the literature.

Methods
A retrospective survey in 2 referral centers for bone joint infections was done Patients with a history of PJI associated with GBS between 2014 and 2019 were included. A descriptive analysis of treatment failure was done. Risk factors of treatment failure were assessed.

Results
We included 61 patients. Among them, 41 had monomicrobial (67%) infections. The median duration of follow-up was 2 years (interquartile range 2.35) Hypertension, obesity, and diabetes mellitus were the most reported comorbidities (49%, 50%, and 36% respectively). Death was observed in 6 individuals (10%) during the initial management. The rate of success was 63% (26/41). Removal of the material was not associated with remission (p = 0.5). We did not find a specific antibiotic regimen associated with a better outcome.

Conclusion
The results show that S. agalactiae PJIs are associated with high rates of comorbidities and a high treatment failure rate with no optimal treatment so far.
Utilizing maternal healthcare services: are female-headed households faring poorly?
Authors: Ghatak Subhasree , Dutta Meghna 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
Utilization of maternal healthcare services has a direct bearing on maternal mortality but is contingent on a wide range of socioeconomic factors, including the sex of the household head. This paper studies the role of the sex of the household head in the utilization of maternal healthcare services in India using data from the National Family Health Survey-V (2019–2021).

Methods
The outcome variable of this study is maternal healthcare service utilization. To that end, we consider three types of maternal healthcare services: antenatal care, skilled birth assistance, and postnatal care to measure the utilization of maternal healthcare service utilization. The explanatory variable is the sex of the household head and we control for specific characteristics at the individual level, household-head level, household level and spouse level. We then incorporate a bivariate logistic regression on the variables of interest.

Results
24.25% of women from male-headed households have complete utilization of maternal healthcare services while this proportion for women from female-headed households stands at 22.39%. The results from the bivariate logistic regression confirm the significant impact that the sex of the household head has on the utilization of maternal healthcare services in India. It is observed that women from female-headed households in India are 19% (AOR, 0.81; 95% CI: 0.63,1.03) less likely to utilize these services than those from male-headed households. Moreover with higher levels of education, there is a 25% (AOR, 1.25; 95% CI: 1.08,1.44) greater likelihood of utilizing maternal healthcare services. Residence in urban areas, improved wealth quintiles and access to healthcare facilities significantly increases the chances of maternal healthcare utilization. The interaction term between the sex of the household head and the wealth quintile the household belongs to, (AOR, 1.39; 95% CI: 1.02, 1.89) shows that the utilization of maternal healthcare services improves when the wealth quintile of the household improves.

Conclusion
The results throw light on the fact that the added expenditure on maternal healthcare services exacerbates the existing financial burden for the economically vulnerable female-headed households. This necessitates the concentration of research and policy attention to alleviate these households from the sexual and reproductive health distresses.

Trial Registration
Not Applicable.

JEL Classification
D10, I12, J16.
I want to be safe: understanding the main drivers behind vaccination choice throughout the pandemic
Authors: Marini Marco , Demichelis Alessandro , Menicagli Dario , Mancini Giovanna , Panizza Folco , Bilancini Ennio , Cevolani Gustavo 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
Despite being a major advancement in modern medicine, vaccines face widespread hesitancy and refusal, posing challenges to immunization campaigns. The COVID-19 pandemic accentuated vaccine hesitancy, emphasizing the pivotal role of beliefs in efficacy and safety on vaccine acceptance rates. This study explores the influence of efficacy and safety perceptions on vaccine uptake in Italy during the pandemic.

Methods
We administered a 70-item questionnaire to a representative sample of 600 Italian speakers. Participants were tasked with assessing the perceived effectiveness and safety of each vaccine dose, along with providing reasons influencing their vaccination choices. Additionally, we conducted an experimental manipulation, exploring the effects of four framing messages that emphasized safety and/or efficacy on participants’ willingness to receive a hypothetical fourth vaccine dose. Furthermore, participants were asked about their level of trust in the scientific community and public authorities, as well as their use of different information channels for obtaining COVID-19-related information.

Results
Our study reveals a dynamic shift in vaccine efficacy and safety perceptions throughout the COVID-19 pandemic, potentially influencing vaccination compliance. Initially perceived as more effective than safe, this assessment reversed by the time of the third dose. Beliefs regarding safety, rather than efficacy, played a significant role in anticipating future vaccinations (e.g., the booster dose). Safety-focused messages positively affected vaccination intent, while efficacy-focused messages showed limited impact. We also observed a changing trend in reasons for vaccination, with a decline in infection-related reasons and an increase in social related ones. Furthermore, trust dynamics evolved differently for public authorities and the scientific community.

Conclusions
Vaccine perception is a dynamic process shaped by evolving factors like efficacy and safety perceptions, trust levels, and individual motivations. Our study sheds light on the complex dynamics that underlie the perception of vaccine safety and efficacy, and their impact on willingness to vaccinate. We discuss these results in light of bounded rationality, loss aversion and classic utility theory.