bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Communicating in Crisis: Community Practices of Online Participation During Extreme Events
Authors: Park Sora , Atkinson Susan , Fulton Janet , Wong-Parodi Gabrielle , Mani Lara 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis chapter surveys research into the communication among community members affected by extreme events with digital platforms such as social media and messaging apps before, during and after the events. While there is extant literature on how people adopt effective strategies in sharing real-time information during a major crisis, fewer studies examine the entirety of the process, particularly around preparing communities and individuals, and even fewer focus on how community members seek and share social support. This chapter examines both aspects of digital communication—emotive and informative—to better understand the role digital platforms can play in extreme events in supporting more effective responses. It also identifies gaps in the literature on the role of social media in preparing individuals and communities for catastrophic climate events.
Moving Beyond Recovery and Reconstruction: Imagining Extreme Event Preparedness Through Performing Arts
Authors: Davidson Jane W. , Woodland Sarah , Grehan Helena , Pengelly Simonne , Hassall Linda 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis chapter begins by examining the importance of resilience in response to extreme weather events, before considering the role of performing arts projects in dealing with the aftermath of disaster. Including First Nations approaches, examples from diverse cultural settings and the powerful potential of digital technology, it reveals how performing arts endeavours afford aesthetic opportunities that can give voice to and make sense of crisis experiences that precipitate mental health and wellbeing challenges as devastating as the events themselves. Drawing on critical research findings including those from the 10-year Beyond Bushfires study in Australia, the authors demonstrate how empathy and social bonding can be fostered through artistic engagements to develop personal and community resilience and support creative recovery. Forewarning the accelerating and intensifying unpredictable character of disasters driven by climate change, the authors go on to underscore the need for significantly greater preparedness for future crisis events. Engaging with a small body of existing work, the authors investigate the possibilities of ‘performing preparedness’ – embracing storytelling, embodied performance practices and digital technology as routes to developing agency, empowerment, understanding and strategies that can build capacity for dynamic readiness in rapidly evolving and unforeseen crises.
Representing the Climate Crisis: Aesthetic Framings in Contemporary Performing and Visual Arts
Authors: Thurow Susanne , Grehan Helena , Pagnucco Maurice 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis chapter reviews the representation of climate change in performing and visual arts over the past ten years, canvassing the aesthetic exploration of the climate emergency in selected international works by surveying emergent narrative themes, key dramaturgical shifts and aesthetic strategies. Discussing the limitations of anthropocentric conventions, it investigates innovative approaches and their capability to generate knowledge about the dynamics of Earth processes and humanity’s embeddedness and interference with them. Looking to novel experimental work currently in development at The University of New South Wales (UNSW)’s iCinema Research Centre, we speculate how these emergent aesthetics may be further developed to augment the arts’s capability to deepen insight and strengthen preparedness in a rapidly transforming world.
Land-use effects on leaf-litter breakdown in streams in a tropical lowland catchment
Authors: Rojas-Castillo Oscar Alberto , Kepfer-Rojas Sebastian , Jacobsen Dean 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe expansion of oil palm and cattle grazing in the tropics continues to alter numerous ecosystem functions. The generated land-use change is potentially impacting stream leaf-litter breakdown, a fundamental process for freshwater ecosystems. To assess the effect of land-use change, we studied breakdown rates of forest (Pachira aquatica, Pouroma aspera, Sloanea ampla, and Hippocratea volubilis) and oil palm (Elaeis guineensis) leaves after a 26-day immersion in streams surrounded by rainforests, grazing lands, or oil palm plantations with and without riparian buffers. In addition, we assessed breakdown drivers by deploying litter bags (248) of two mesh sizes (15 mm and 0.5 mm) allowing or restricting macroinvertebrates’ access (134 coarse-mesh bags and 114 fine-mesh bags). Forest leaf breakdown by microbes (fine-mesh) was lower by 55% in the plantations compared to forests; while microbial oil palm-leaf breakdown was lower by 32% in the unbuffered plantations compared to forests (p < 0.05). Total litter breakdown was lower (p > 0.05) in the plantations but not when these preserved riparian buffers. Litter breakdown was driven primarily by microbes in all land uses except in the buffered plantations, possibly due to increased shredder biomass. These results suggest that oil palm agriculture may decrease microbial stream leaf-litter breakdown, especially in streams with no riparian buffers.
The case for global governance of AI: arguments, counter-arguments, and challenges ahead
Authors: Coeckelbergh Mark 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIt is increasingly recognized that as artificial intelligence becomes more powerful and pervasive in society and creates risks and ethical issues that cross borders, a global approach is needed for the governance of these risks. But why, exactly, do we need this and what does that mean? In this Open Forum paper, author argues for global governance of AI for moral reasons but also outlines the governance challenges that this project raises.
The costs of job loss and task usage: Do social tasks soften the drop?
Authors: Kauhanen Antti , Riukula Krista 
Published: May 2024

AbstractDo different tasks shield differently from the scarring effects of job loss? This study examines how the effects of job loss depend on task usage. We use Finnish linked employer–employee data from 2001 to 2016, representative survey data on task usage, and plant closures to identify individuals who involuntarily lose their jobs. We find that heterogeneity in the cost of job loss is linked to task usage. Workers in more social task-intensive origin jobs have smaller employment and earnings losses, whereas workers in routine jobs face larger wage losses. The probability of being employed is 8.3 pp higher (3.9 pp lower) per one standard deviation higher than mean social (routine) task usage 1 year after the job loss event. We also find that workers with longer tenure face larger losses and that task usage contributes more to their losses. The results show that the costs of job loss depend on task usage in the origin job. Public policy measures should be targeted at employees in routine-intensive jobs, since they face the largest losses.
The promising antioxidant effects of lignans: Nrf2 activation comes into view
Authors: Hassanein Emad H. M. , Althagafy Hanan S. , Baraka Mohammad A. , Abd-alhameed Esraa K. , Ibrahim Islam M. , Abd El-Maksoud Mostafa S. , Mohamed Nesma M. , Ross Samir A. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractLignans are biologically active compounds widely distributed, recognized, and identified in seeds, fruits, and vegetables. Lignans have several intriguing bioactivities, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anticancer activities. Nrf2 controls the expression of many cytoprotective genes. Activation of Nrf2 is a promising therapeutic approach for treating and preventing diseases resulting from oxidative injury and inflammation. Lignans have been demonstrated to stimulate Nrf2 signaling in a variety of in vitro and experimental animal models. The review summarizes the findings of fourteen lignans (Schisandrin A, Schisandrin B, Schisandrian C, Magnolol, Honokiol, Sesamin, Sesamol, Sauchinone, Pinoresinol, Phyllanthin, Nectandrin B, Isoeucommin A, Arctigenin, Lariciresinol) as antioxidative and anti-inflammatory agents, affirming how Nrf2 activation affects their pharmacological effects. Therefore, lignans may offer therapeutic candidates for the treatment and prevention of various diseases and may contribute to the development of effective Nrf2 modulators.
Medical Specialist Care Utilization Prior to the Explantation of Cosmetic Silicone Breast Implants: A Nationwide Retrospective Data Linkage Study
Authors: Lieffering Annemiek S. , Ramerman Lotte , Verheij Robert A. , Rakhorst Hinne A. , Mureau Marc A. M. , van der Hulst René R. W. J. , Hommes Juliëtte E. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
Explantation is the proposed treatment for breast implant illness (BII). Little is known about which medical specialists are visited and what diagnoses are made before explantation is provided as the treatment.

Objectives
This study investigated medical specialist care utilization in women with cosmetic breast implants who underwent explantation compared to women who chose breast implant replacement surgery and to women without breast implants.

Methods
Retrospective cohort study using data linkage with the Dutch Breast Implant Registry and the Dutch health insurance claims database. Visits to medical specialists were examined over the 3 years before explantation. A total of 832 explantation patients were matched and compared to 1463 breast implant replacement patients and 1664 women without breast implants.

Results
Explantation patients were more likely to have visited > 5 different medical specialties compared to both replacement patients (12.3% vs. 5.7%; p < 0.001) and women without breast implants (12.3% vs. 3.7%; p < 0.001). Among explantation patients, women who underwent explantation because of BII were more likely to have visited > 5 different medical specialties compared to women who underwent explantation because of other reasons (25.0% vs. 11.0%; p < 0.001).

Conclusions
Women who underwent explantation of breast implants had higher utilization of medical specialist care in the years before explantation compared to women who underwent breast implant replacement surgery and women without breast implants. Medical specialist care use was especially high among women for whom BII was the registered reason for explantation. These findings suggest further research is needed into the link between BII and the use of medical specialist care.

Level of Evidence III
This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266.
Economic evaluation of anti-CD19 CAR T-cell pathway for large B-cell lymphomas in the real-life setting: the experience of an Italian hub center in the first three years of activity
Authors: Di Staso Rossana , Casadei Beatrice , Gentilini Marianna , Guadagnuolo Serafina , Pellegrini Cinzia , Broccoli Alessandro , Gori Davide , Masetti Riccardo , Stefoni Vittorio , Bonifazi Francesca , Zinzani Pier Luigi , Argnani Lisa 
Published: May 2024

AbstractPoor literature report actual and detailed costs of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell pathway in a real-life setting. We retrospectively collect data for all patients with relapsed/refractory aggressive large B-cell lymphoma who underwent leukapheresis between August 2019 and August 2022. All costs and medical resource consumption accountability were calculated on an intention-to-treat (ITT) basis, starting from leukapheresis to the time when the patient (infused or not) exited the CAR T-cell pathway for any reason. Eighty patients were addressed to leukapheresis and 59 were finally infused. After excluding CAR-T product cost, the main driver of higher costs were hospitalizations followed by the examinations/procedures and other drugs, respectively 43.9%, 26.3% and 25.4% of the total. Regarding costs of drugs and medications other than CAR T products, the most expensive items are those referred to AEs, both infective and extra-infective within 30 days from infusion, that account for 63% of the total. Density plot of cost analyses did not show any statistically significant difference with respect to the years of leukapheresis or infusion. To achieve finally 59/80 infused patients the per capita patients without CAR-T products results 74,000 euros. This analysis covers a growing concern on health systems, the burden of expenses related to CAR T-cell therapy, which appears to provide significant clinical benefit despite its high cost, thus making economic evaluations highly relevant. The relevance of this study should be also viewed in light of continuously evolving indications for this therapy.
Wheat TaAP2/ERF Genes Regulate Heat Tolerance Through Ethylene Signaling at Grain-Filling Stage
Authors: Magar Manu Maya , Liu Hui , Yan Guijun 
Published: May 2024

AbstractWheat is a globally important crop, and its production is critically challenged by heat stress. To understand the heat tolerance mechanism at grain-filling stage in wheat, two genotypes, W156 (tolerant) and Brazil 32 (susceptible) were evaluated for their morphological responses and expressions of TaAP2/ERF super-family transcription factor genes under heat stress (at 37/27 °C) at 11 days and 13 days post-anthesis. The W156 showed significantly higher thousand kernel weight (TKW), chlorophyll fluorescence (Fv/Fm) and delayed senescence of flag leaf and exposed peduncle. Twenty-two differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were selected from in silico expression analysis of 630 TaAP2/ERF genes under abiotic stress and their RT-qPCR expression validation identified twenty major DEGs responsive to heat stress. Co-expression network analysis of these DEGs identified hub TF genes including TraesCS1A02G221900, TraesCS6D02G324200, TraesCS6B02G331000, TraesCS4D02G298600, TraesCS5B02G193200, and TraesCS1A02G058400. Gene Ontology analysis and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis further revealed that 16 (80%) out of the 20 DEGs were involved in the ethylene-activated signaling pathway. Those DEGs involved in ethylene signaling pathway were further validated in an additional pair of contrasting genotypes (Perenjori and Yitpi). Therefore, heat tolerance regulated by TaAP2/ERF genes at grain filling stage of wheat may be mainly through ethylene signaling pathway while maintaining seed development under heat stress.
Pediatric nutritional surgery and its implications: results from a unicentric retrospective analysis
Authors: Mattioli Girolamo , Cipriani Maria Stella , Barone Giulia , Palo Federico , Arrigo Serena , Gandullia Paolo , Avanzini Stefano , Wong Michela Cing Yu 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Existing guidelines provide weak recommendations on the surgical management of nutritional problems in children. The objective was to design a management pathway to address the best nutritional surgery (NS) procedure in a given patient.

Methods
Retrospective analysis of children treated at our department from January 2015 to December 2019. The sample was divided into two groups according to presence or absence of neurological impairment (NI). Patients with NI (Group 1) were classified in three subgroups based on presenting symptoms: A-Dysphagia without gastroesophageal reflux (GER); B-GER with or without dysphagia; C-Symptoms associated with a delayed gastric emptying.

Results
A total of 154 patients were included, 111 with NI. One-hundred-twenty-eight patients underwent only one procedure. Complications and mortality were superior in Group 1. In subgroup A, isolated gastrostomy was the first NS in all patients. In subgroup B most of patients were subjected to a Nissen fundoplication, while in 5 cases total esophagogastric dissociation (TEGD) was the first intervention. Considering the entire sample, 92.3% patients who underwent a TEGD did not require further procedures.

Conclusion
NS encompasses various procedures depending on presenting symptoms and neurological status. A management flowchart for these patients is proposed.
The association between gynecological complaints and the uterine sonographic features in women with a history of cesarean section
Authors: Kellner Helen , Horky Alex , Louwen Frank , Bahlmann Franz , Al Naimi Ammar 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Purpose
The aim of this study is to investigate the association between post-cesarean sonographic uterine measures, dysmenorrhea, and bleeding disorders.

Methods
This is a cross-sectional study where 500 women with a history of only one cesarean section (CS) were recruited. A transvaginal transducer, GE RIC6-12-D was used for the acquisition of volumetric datasets 18 ± 7 months postpartum. Uterine length (UL), cervical length (CL), niche length (L), niche depth (D), niche width (W), fibrosis length (FL), fibrosis depth (FD), residual myometrial thickness (RMT), endometrial thickness (EM), scar to internal os distance (SO), anterior myometrial thickness superior (sAMT) and inferior (iAMT) to the scar, and the posterior myometrial thickness opposite the scar (PMT), superior (sPMT), and inferior to it (iPMT) were measured. Logistic regression with odds ratios (OR), 95% confidence intervals (CI) and ROC curves were utilized.

Results
The proportion of patients with incident post-cesarean bleeding disorders and dysmenorrhoea was 36% (CI 32%, 40%) and 17% (CI 14%, 21%) respectively. Univariate logistic regression showed that only UL was associated with bleeding disorders [OR 1.04 (CI 1.01,10.7) p value 0.005], whereas dysmenorrhea was associated with RMT [OR 0.82 (CI 0.71,0.95) p value 0.008], SO [OR 0.91 (CI 0.86,0.98) p value 0.01], and RMT ratio [OR 0.98 (CI 0.97,0.99) p value 0.03]. Multivariate logistic regression for dysmenorrhoea including SO and RMT remains statistically significant with p values <0.05 and area under the curve of 0.66.

Conclusion
There is an association between sonographic appearance of CS scars and dysmenorrhoea. Nevertheless, the association is weak and other biological post-cesarean characteristics should be explored as potential causes.
Primary lung cancer in children and adolescents
Authors: Chen Qiuming , Cheng Jun , Wang Luming , Lv Xiayi , Hu Jian 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Primary lung cancer is extremely rare in children and adolescents. The aim of this study is to clarify clinical features and outcomes of primary lung cancer in children and adolescents.

Methods
Young patients (aged ≤ 20 years) diagnosed as primary lung cancer between 2012 and 2023 were retrospective reviewed. According to radiological appearance of the nodules, they were divided into solid nodule (SN) group and ground glass opacity (GGO) group.

Results
A total of 74 patients were identified, with a median age at diagnosis of 18 years old (range: 11–20), including 7 patients in SN group and 67 patients in GGO group. In the GGO group, none of the nodules enlarged or changed during an average surveillance period of 10.8 months before surgery, except one. Wedge resection was the most common procedure (82.1%), followed by segmentectomy (16.4%) and lobectomy (1.5%). Histopathological analysis revealed that 64.2% of GGO nodules were adenocarcinoma in situ and minimally invasive adenocarcinomas, while the remaining 35.8% were invasive adenocarcinomas. Mutational analysis was performed in nine patients, with mutations identified in all cases. After a mean follow-up period of 1.73 ± 1.62 years, two patients in the SN group died due to multiple distant metastases, while all patients in the GGO group survived without recurrence. The overall survival (100%) of the GGO group was significantly higher than SN group (66.7%).

Conclusions
Primary lung cancer in children and adolescents are rare and histopathological heterogeneous. Persistent GGO nodules may indicate early-stage lung adenocarcinoma in children and adolescents.
Intraspecific variation in fine root morphology of European beech: a root order-based analysis of phenotypic root morphospace
Authors: Rüther Eva , Hertel Dietrich , Leuschner Christoph 
Published: May 2024

AbstractFine roots are multifunctional organs that may change function with ageing or root branching events from primarily absorptive to resource transport and storage functions. It is not well understood, how fine root branching patterns and related root functional differentiation along the longitudinal root axis change with soil chemical and physical conditions. We examined the variation in fine root branching patterns (the relative frequency of 1st to 4th root orders) and root morphological and chemical traits of European beech trees with soil depth (topsoil vs. subsoil) and soil chemistry (five sites with acid to neutral/alkaline bedrock). Bedrock type and related soil chemistry had an only minor influence on branching patterns: base-poor, infertile sites showed no higher fine root branching than base-rich sites. The contribution of 1st-order root segments to total fine root length decreased at all sites from about 60% in the topsoil (including organic layer) to 45% in the lower subsoil. This change was associated with a decrease in specific root area and root N content and an increase in mean root diameter with soil depth, while root tissue density did not change consistently. We conclude that soil depth (which acts through soil physical and chemical drivers) influences the fine root branching patterns of beech much more than soil chemical variation across soil types. To examine whether changes in root function are indeed triggered by branching events or result from root ageing and diameter growth, spatially explicit root physiological and anatomical studies across root orders are needed.
A roulette wheel-based pruning method to simplify cumbersome deep neural networks
Authors: Chan Kit Yan , Yiu Ka Fai Cedric , Guo Shan , Jiang Huimin 
Published: May 2024

AbstractDeep neural networks (DNNs) have been applied in many pattern recognition or object detection applications. DNNs generally consist of millions or even billions of parameters. These demanding computational storage and requirements impede deployments of DNNs in resource-limited devices, such as mobile devices, micro-controllers. Simplification techniques such as pruning have commonly been used to slim DNN sizes. Pruning approaches generally quantify the importance of each component such as network weight. Weight values or weight gradients in training are commonly used as the importance metric. Small weights are pruned and large weights are kept. However, small weights are possible to be connected with significant weights which have impact to DNN outputs. DNN accuracy can be degraded significantly after the pruning process. This paper proposes a roulette wheel-like pruning algorithm, in order to simplify a trained DNN while keeping the DNN accuracy. The proposed algorithm generates a branch of pruned DNNs which are generated by a roulette wheel operator. Similar to the roulette wheel selection in genetic algorithms, small weights are more likely to be pruned but they can be kept; large weights are more likely to be kept but they can be pruned. The slimmest DNN with the best accuracy is selected from the branch. The performance of the proposed pruning algorithm is evaluated by two deterministic datasets and four non-deterministic datasets. Experimental results show that the proposed pruning algorithm generates simpler DNNs while DNN accuracy can be kept, compared to several existing pruning approaches.