bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Kant’s Anti-Judaism and Spinoza’s Theological-Political Treatise
Authors: Schaefer Yoav 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
This chapter explores the influence Spinoza’s Theological-Political Treatise exerted over Immanuel Kant’s Religion Within the Boundaries of Mere Reason. Specifically, it focuses on Kant’s critique of Judaism, arguing that Kant’s harsh assessment of the Jewish religion was likely indebted to Spinoza’s writings. Yet it also demonstrates that Kant’s anti-Judaism was hardly a mere restatement of Spinoza’s critique of Judaism but diverges from Spinoza’s account in slight but nonetheless crucial ways. Kant’s depiction of Judaism, moreover, carries out a crucial task in his argument for rational religion that has no counterpart in Spinoza’s Treatise: Judaism constitutes in Kant’s system the principal foil to his conception of rational religion. This chapter therefore shows how Kant adopted many aspects of Spinoza’s critique of Judaism but deployed Spinoza’s account in the service of a philosophical agenda—rationalizing religion—that Spinoza explicitly rejected.
Lou Salomé on Life, Religion, Self-Development, and Psychoanalysis
Authors: Kraus Katharina T 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
This chapter explores the influence of Spinoza’s philosophy both on Salomé’s early philosophy of life, before her encounter with psychoanalysis, and on her later work in psychoanalysis. It highlights how the Spinozistic elements of her thought mark a continuity throughout her work, despite shifts in terminology. After a brief biographical sketch of her early encounter with Spinoza’s philosophy and her later turn to psychoanalysis, the chapter examines three Spinozistic themes in Salomé’s thought: first, her conception of the primordial ground (Urgrund) of life as the all-unity (All-Einheit), which is compared with Spinoza’s divine substance and the psychoanalytic concept of the unconscious; second, her psychosomatic parallelism as two ways of representing life, which can be seen as building upon Spinoza’s account of mind and body; and third, her account of the ethical dimension of human life, which echoes Spinoza’s theory of the affects and perfection.
The axes of biology: a novel axes-based network embedding paradigm to decipher the functional mechanisms of the cell
Authors: Doria-Belenguer Sergio , Xenos Alexandros , Ceddia Gaia , Malod-Dognin Noël , Pržulj Nataša 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Summary
Common approaches for deciphering biological networks involve network embedding algorithms. These approaches strictly focus on clustering the genes’ embedding vectors and interpreting such clusters to reveal the hidden information of the networks. However, the difficulty in interpreting the genes’ clusters and the limitations of the functional annotations’ resources hinder the identification of the currently unknown cell’s functioning mechanisms. We propose a new approach that shifts this functional exploration from the embedding vectors of genes in space to the axes of the space itself. Our methodology better disentangles biological information from the embedding space than the classic gene-centric approach. Moreover, it uncovers new data-driven functional interactions that are unregistered in the functional ontologies, but biologically coherent. Furthermore, we exploit these interactions to define new higher-level annotations that we term Axes-Specific Functional Annotations and validate them through literature curation. Finally, we leverage our methodology to discover evolutionary connections between cellular functions and the evolution of species.

Availability and implementation
Data and source code can be accessed at https://gitlab.bsc.es/sdoria/axes-of-biology.git
Helicoverpa zea Boddie (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) pupal success and adult eclosion across variable soil type and moisture
Authors: Schardong Igor S , Reisig Dominic D , Possebom Taynara , Heitman Joshua 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Helicoverpa zea Boddie (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is an important pest in many crops in the southern United States. Upon reaching the final larval instar, H. zea quests for a pupation site in the soil. Pupae are vulnerable to mortality since their movement is limited. Soil type and moisture can influence H. zea emergence, but the interaction of these factors has not been demonstrated. We compared sandy and clay soils in greenhouse and laboratory experiments. In the first experiment, we evaluated the preference of larvae to choose either sandy or clay soil for pupation. In a second experiment, we set the sandy soils at different moisture levels and observed prepupae pupation preference in a choice scenario. In a third experiment, we observed prepupae pupation in different moisture levels in a no-choice scenario. In a 4th experiment, we evaluated adult emergence following pupation when we increased moisture or kept it constant. In a final experiment, we evaluated pupation behavior in sandy or clay soils with a webcam and a glass arena. We found that larvae preferred to pupate in sandy soils over clay soils and that pupal success was highest at intermediate moisture levels. In addition, elevated soil moisture levels did not impact the emergence of H. zea between sandy or clay soil. Finally, H. zea did not take longer to burrow in either sandy or clay soil, but the tunnels of the pupal burrow were larger in sandy soil compared to clay soil. Our results clarify H. zea behavior across soil moisture and soil type.
Association of secondary mitral regurgitation and right ventricular dysfunction among patients with non-ischaemic cardiomyopathy
Authors: Tayal Bhupendar , Faza Nadeen N , Nguyen Duc T , Malahfji Maan , Little Stephen , Saeed Mujtaba , Goel Sachin S , Guha Ashrith , El-Tallawi Kinan Carlos , Graviss Edward A , Shah Dipan J 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Aims
The association between secondary mitral regurgitation (MR) and right ventricular (RV) dysfunction in heart failure patients with non-ischaemic cardiomyopathy (NICM) is unclear. Hence, our objective was to study the association between secondary MR and the occurrence of RV dysfunction among patients with NICM using cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR).

Methods and results
Patients with NICM were enrolled in a prospective observational registry between 2008 and 2019. CMR was used to quantify MR severity along with RV function. The RV dysfunction was defined as RV ejection fraction &lt;45%. The outcome of the study was a composite event of all-cause death, heart transplantation, or left ventricular assist device implantation at follow-up. In the study cohort of 241 patients, RV dysfunction (RVEF &lt; 45%) was present in 148 (61%). In comparison with patients without RV dysfunction, those with RV dysfunction had higher median MR volume {23 mL [interquartile range (IQR) 16–31 mL] vs. 18 mL (IQR 12–25 mL), P = 0.002} and MR fraction [33% (IQR 25–43%) vs. 22% (IQR 15–29%), P &lt; 0.001]. Furthermore, secondary MR was independently associated with RV dysfunction: MR volume ≥ 24 mL (OR 3.21, 95% CI 1.26–8.15, P = 0.01) and MR fraction ≥ 30% (OR 5.46, 95% CI 2.23–13.35, P = 0.002). Increasing RVEF (every 1% increase) was independently associated with lower risk of adverse events (HR 0.98; 95% CI 0.95, 1.00; P = 0.047).

Conclusion
In patients with NICM, the severity of secondary MR is associated with an increased prevalence of RV dysfunction. The RV dysfunction is not only associated with the severity of LV dysfunction but also with the severity of secondary MR.

Clinical Trial Registration
https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04281823.
Catheter ablation as an adjunctive therapy to ICD implantation in Brugada Syndrome
Authors: Doundoulakis Ioannis , Chiotis Sotirios , Pannone Luigi , Della Rocca Domenico Giovanni , Sorgente Antonio , Kordalis Athanasios , Scacciavillani Roberto , Zafeiropoulos Stefanos , Marcon Lorenzo , Vetta Giampaolo , Pagkalidou Eirini , Bala Gezim , Almorad Alexandre , Ströker Erwin , Sieira Juan , La Meir Mark , Brugada Pedro , Tsiachris Dimitrios , Sarkozy Andrea , Chierchia Gian Battista , de Asmundis Carlo 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background
Brugada Syndrome (BrS) is a life-threatening cardiac arrhythmia disorder associated with an increased risk of ventricular arrhythmias (VAs) and sudden cardiac death. Current management primarily relies on implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICDs), but patients may experience ICD shocks. Catheter ablation (CA) has emerged as a potential intervention to target the arrhythmogenic substrate. This systematic review aims to evaluate the safety and efficacy of CA in BrS patients.

Methods and results
Studies with BrS patients undergoing CA for VAs were included. Fourteen studies that involved a total population of 709 BrS patients, with CA performed in 528 of them, were included. CA resulted in the non-inducibility of VAs in 91% (95% CI: 83–99, I2 = 76%) and resolution of type 1 ECG Brugada pattern in 88% (95% CI: 81–96.2, I2 = 91%) of the patients. After a mean follow-up of 30.7 months, 87% (95% CI: 80–94, I2 = 82%) of patients remained free from VAs. The incidence of VAs during follow-up was significantly lower in the ablation cohort in comparison to the group receiving only ICD therapy (OR = 0.03, 95% CI: 0.01–0.12, I2 = 0%).

Conclusion
CA shows potential as a therapeutic approach to reduce VAs and improve outcomes in BrS patients. While further research with a long follow-up period is required to confirm these findings, it represents a valuable tool as an add-on intervention to ICD implantation in BrS patients with a high burden of VAs.
Polycystic ovary syndrome presents as a multimorbid condition by age 50: birth cohort linkage to national register data
Authors: Kujanpää Linda , Arffman Riikka K , Pesonen Paula , Hurskainen Elisa , Järvelin Marjo-Riitta , Franks Stephen , Tapanainen Juha S , Morin-Papunen Laure , Piltonen Terhi T 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Objective
This population-based follow-up study investigated register-based disease diagnoses and medication use up till age of 50 years among women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) that were identified from a population-based birth cohort.

Design
Population-based longitudinal cohort study.

Patients
Women reporting oligo/amenorrhea and hirsutism at age 31 and/or who were diagnosed with PCOS by a physician by age 46 (n = 244) and women without PCOS symptoms or diagnosis (n = 1556) in the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966.

Main Outcome Measures
National register data on diagnosed diseases (International Statistical Classification of Diseases [ICD]-8-10) and medication use (Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical) until the age of 50.

Results
Women with PCOS had a 26% higher risk for any registered diagnosis (risk ratio [RR]: 1.26 [1.09-1.46]) and a 24% higher risk for medication use (RR: 1.24 [1.05-1.46]) compared with non-PCOS women, even after adjusting for several confounders. Several main ICD categories were more prevalent among women with PCOS versus non-PCOS controls, eg, endocrine, metabolic, nervous system, musculoskeletal, and genitourinary diseases in addition with different symptoms and injuries. Surprisingly, even though the overall morbidity was only increased in women with PCOS with a body mass index (BMI) ≥ 25 kg/m2, there were several ICD main categories that showed higher comorbidity risk especially in women with PCOS with a BMI &lt; 25 kg/m2. Several medications were prescribed more often to women with PCOS versus non-PCOS controls, eg, medications related to the alimentary tract and metabolism, the cardiovascular system, genitourinary system drugs and sex hormones, dermatologic and hormonal preparations, and medications to treat the musculoskeletal, nervous, and respiratory systems.

Conclusion
Women with PCOS are burdened with multimorbidity and higher medication use, independent of BMI and other confounders. Accordingly, preventive strategies are needed to alleviate the disease burden and improve the health outcomes of women with PCOS.
Challenges in IBD Research 2024: Preclinical Human IBD Mechanisms
Authors: Ciorba Matthew A , Konnikova Liza , Hirota Simon A , Lucchetta Elena M , Turner Jerrold R , Slavin Anthony , Johnson Kristen , Condray Cass D , Hong Sungmo , Cressall Brandon K , Pizarro Theresa T , Hurtado-Lorenzo Andrés , Heller Caren A , Moss Alan C , Swantek Jennifer L , Garrett Wendy S 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Preclinical human inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) mechanisms is one of 5 focus areas of the Challenges in IBD Research 2024 document, which also includes environmental triggers, novel technologies, precision medicine, and pragmatic clinical research. Herein, we provide a comprehensive overview of current gaps in inflammatory bowel diseases research that relate to preclinical research and deliver actionable approaches to address them with a focus on how these gaps can lead to advancements in IBD interception, remission, and restoration. The document is the result of multidisciplinary input from scientists, clinicians, patients, and funders and represents a valuable resource for patient-centric research prioritization. This preclinical human IBD mechanisms section identifies major research gaps whose investigation will elucidate pathways and mechanisms that can be targeted to address unmet medical needs in IBD. Research gaps were identified in the following areas: genetics, risk alleles, and epigenetics; the microbiome; cell states and interactions; barrier function; IBD complications (specifically fibrosis and stricturing); and extraintestinal manifestations. To address these gaps, we share specific opportunities for investigation for basic and translational scientists and identify priority actions.
Overview to Challenges in IBD 2024–2029
Authors: Heller Caren , Moss Alan C , Rubin David T 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The mission of the Crohn’s & Colitis Foundation is to cure Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis and to improve the quality of lives of patients living with these diseases—in other words, to care and cure. To achieve these missions, there is a need to identify and prioritize research gaps and approaches to address these gaps, which is the aim of Challenges in IBD 2024. The Foundation convened close to 80 experts in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), including researchers, clinicians, patients and caregivers, funders, industry representatives, and Foundation scientific staff and organized them into 5 workgroups, one for each of the 5 Challenges topics: Preclinical Human IBD Mechanisms, Environmental Triggers, Precision Medicine, Novel Technologies, and Pragmatic Clinical Research. The findings of these groups outline a research agenda that intends to change the research paradigm in IBD by introducing 2 concepts in the course of IBD that warrant specific focus: interception (during the preclinical phase) and restoration of normal physiology after remission is achieved. We hope these reviews will stimulate innovations in our understanding and management of IBD.
Neoseiulus mites as biological control agents against Megalurothrips usitatus (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) and Frankliniella intonsa (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) on cowpea crop: laboratory to field
Authors: Zhang Yu-Fei , Zang Lian-Sheng , Guo Ling-Hang , Sukhwinder Singh , Wu Sheng-Yong , Yang Xiangbing , Tang Liang-De 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Megalurothrips usitatus (Bagnall) (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) and Frankliniella intonsa (Trybom) (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) have been detrimental to cowpea production in many countries. Laboratory experiments were conducted to determine the prey stage preference and functional response of 2 predatory mites species, Neoseiulus barkeri (Hughes) (Acari: Phytoseiidae), and Neoseiulus californicus (McGregor) (Acari: Phytoseiidae), towards 2 thrips species (TS), M. usitatus, and F. intonsa, at varying densities and life stages on cowpea. Results shown that Neoseiulus species had a preference for different life stages of prey. Neoseiulus barkeri consumed more M. usitatus nymphs, while N. californicus consumed more F. intonsa (second-instar nymphs). The functional response of the 2 Neoseiulus spp. to nymphs of 2 TS was Type II on cowpea. The higher attack rate coefficient (aʹ) and shorter handling time (Th) values were found on N. barkeri against M. usitatus, and a similar trend was found for those in N. californicus against F. intonsa. Field-caged trials were conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of Neoseiulus spp. in controlling 2 TS. The results have shown that Neoseiulus spp. was effective in controlling the 2 TS, with varying control efficacies at high or low release rates. The study provided valuable information on using Neoseiulus spp. as biological control agents against M. usitatus and F. intonsa in cowpea crops.
Imagining Aerial Surveillance: (Eco)Poetics and War in Solmaz Sharif’s Look
Authors: Eazor Haley M 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
This article considers militarized drone and satellite imaging through Solmaz Sharif’s 2016 debut collection of poems, Look. Drawing on discourses of warfare, environment, and surveillance studies, Look demonstrates the material entanglements of war and environment through aerial military technology such as thermal satellite imaging and drones used for surveillance and violence. Sharif’s poems "Look" and "drone" reimagine the sights and sites of US military surveillance through a reconceptualizing of visuality: Sharif’s multivocal, lyrical "I," her use of punctuation and lineation, and her poetic and military diction ruptures the militant gaze through a centering of the targeted body as present, articulable, and multiple. Utilizing Jonathan Skinner’s definition of ecopoetics as a homemaking, or an act of making-with, this article understands the speakers of Sharif’s poems as preserving both the image caught (the human and nonhuman targets) and the image they create (the poetic body). In these extralinguistic encounters with machines, Sharif’s poetics do what drones and satellites could never truly do: surveil themselves in an intimate manner and make known their own subjecthood as not a faceless blur on a screen but alive and lively in the space of the poem. By invoking the sensorium-sight, touch, and smell-alongside domestic material objects and spaces, Sharif’s poems highlight the peripheral and habitual perspectives, undermining the military’s potent, methodological, and calculated gaze through what is embodied, intimate, and proximate.
Comparing Methods to Genetically Engineer Bacteriophage and Increase Host Range
Authors: Kovacs Christopher J , Antonacci Alessia , Graham Abigail , Jessup Faye , Rankin William , Brasko Brianna , Maguire Fiona , Washington Michael A , Kua Siang C , Burpo F John , Barnhill Jason C 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Antibacterial resistance is an emerging problem in military medicine. Disruptions to the health care systems in war-torn countries that result from ongoing conflict can potentially exacerbate this problem and increase the risk to U.S. forces in the deployed environment. Therefore, novel therapies are needed to mitigate the impact of these potentially devastating infections on military operations. Bacteriophages are viruses that infect and kill bacteria. They can be delivered as therapeutic agents and offer a promising alternative to traditional antibiotic chemotherapy. There are several potential benefits to their use, including high specificity and comparative ease of use in the field setting. However, the process of engineering phages for military medical applications can be a laborious and time-consuming endeavor. This review examines available techniques and compares their efficacy.

Materials and Methods
This review evaluates the scientific literature on the development and application of four methods of bacteriophage genome engineering and their consideration in the context of military applications. Preffered Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were followed for a systematic review of available literature that met criteria for analysis and inclusion. The research completed for this review article originated from the United States Military Academy’s library “Scout” search engine, which compiles results from 254 available databases (including PubMed, Google Scholar, and SciFinder). Particular attention was focused on identifying useful mechanistic insight into the nature of the engineering technique, the ease of use, and the applicability of the technique to countering the problem of antimicrobial resistance in the military setting.

Results
A total of 52 studies were identified that met inclusion criteria following PRISMA guidelines. The bioengineering techniques analyzed included homologous recombination (12 articles), in vivo recombineering (9 articles), bacteriophage recombineering of electroporated DNA (7 articles), and the CRISPR-Cas system (10 articles). Rates of success and fidelity varied across each platform, and comparative benefits and drawbacks are considered.

Conclusions
Each of the phage engineering techniques addressed herein varies in amount of effort and overall success rate. CRISPR-Cas-facilitated modification of phage genomes presents a highly efficient method that does not require a lengthy purification and screening process. It therefore appears to be the method best suited for military medical applications.
Merging filaments II: The origin of the tuning fork
Authors: Hoemann Elena , Socci Andrea , Heigl Stefan , Burkert Andreas , Hacar Alvaro 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT
We suggest that filaments in star-forming regions undergo frequent mergers. As stellar nurseries, filaments play a vital role in understanding star formation and mergers could pave the way for understanding the formation of more complex filamentary systems, such as networks and hubs. We compare the physical properties derived from hydrodynamic ramses simulations of merging filaments to those obtained from ALMA observations towards the LDN 1641-North region in Orion. We find similarities in the distributions of line-mass, column density, and velocity dispersion. Such common features support the hypothesis of filament mergers shaping the structure of the interstellar medium.