bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spectrophotometric Determination of Cimetidine through Charge‐transfer Reaction with 1,5‐Dichloroanthraquinone as a π‐Electron Acceptor
Authors: WEI Xiaoling , DU Liangwei , WANG Lisheng , WEI Chunliu , JIANG Zhiliang 
Published: August 2009

AbstractCimetidine reacting with 1,5‐dichloroanthraquinone in acetone solution can produce a charge‐transfer complex that shows a strong absorption peak at 343 nm. The absorption value at 343 nm increased with cimetidine concentration in the range of 0.01–0.5 µg/mL, with regression coefficient of 0.9995 and detection limit of 0.006 µg/mL. This simple and sensitive method has been successfully applied to determine cimetidine in tablets and capsules, with average recovery of (98.47±0.92)% and (97.07±1.16)%, respectively. Furthermore, the mole ratio of the complex between cimetidine and 1,5‐dichloroanthraquinone is 2:1, and the mechanism of charge‐transfer reaction is explored.
Synthesis and Antimicrobial Activity of Some 3‐Substituted‐5,6‐dimethoxy‐2,3‐dihydrobenzo[d]thiazol‐2‐one
Authors: El‐HAMOULY Wageeh Salih , AMINE Kamelia Mahmoud , ABBAS Eman Moustafa Hasan , ABDEL‐MAGUID Eman Ali 
Published: August 2009

AbstractSixteen new compounds derived from the 2,3‐dihydrobenzo[d]thiazol‐2‐one template with various side‐chains in position‐3 were synthesized and evaluated for their antimicrobial activity. Antibacterial and antifungal screening of the compounds prepared showed that 5,6‐dimethoxy‐3‐(2‐oxo‐propyl)‐2,3‐dihydrobenzo[d]thiazol‐2‐one (3g) exhibited the highest activity.
Venous thromboembolism and nonsmall cell lung cancer
Authors: Hicks Lisa K. , Cheung Matthew C. , Ding Keyue , Hasan Baktiar , Seymour Lesley , Le Maître Aurélie , Leighl Natasha B. , Shepherd Frances A. 
Published: August 2009

AbstractBACKGROUND:Advanced nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is associated with venous thromboembolism (VTE). However, to the authors' knowledge, the incidence of VTE in early NSCLC, predictors of VTE, and the prognostic significance of VTE in NSCLC have not been explored.METHODS:Individual patient data from 3 National Cancer Institute of Canada Clinical Trials Group trials were analyzed (n = 1987 patients). Clinical Trial BR.10 was a randomized study of postoperative vinorelbine and cisplatin versus observation in patients with stage IB/II NSCLC (grading determined according to the TNM staging system). Clinical Trial BR.18 was a randomized study of paclitaxel and carboplatin with or without the metalloproteinase inhibitor BMS‐275291 in patients with advanced NSCLC. BR.21 was a randomized study of erlotinib versus placebo in patients with previously treated NSCLC. The relations between VTE, treatment, concomitant medications, and patient characteristics were explored in univariate and multivariate analyses. Survival analysis was completed using Cox regression.RESULTS:The incidence of VTE ranged from 0% in patients with early stage NSCLC on the observation arm of BR.10 to 7.9% in patients with advanced NSCLC who received chemotherapy (BR.18). Patients with early stage NSCLC who received chemotherapy (BR.10) and patients with previously treated NSCLC who received erlotinib or placebo (BR.21) had a VTE incidence of ∼3%. Factors that were found to be predictive of VTE included previous VTE (BR.18; P = .001) and obesity (BR.10; P = .03). In patients with advanced NSCLC, VTE was associated with shorter survival (BR.18: hazard ratio [HR], 1.61; 95% confidence interval [95% CI], 1.26‐2.07 [P = .0002]; BR.21: HR, 2.18; 95% CI, 1.57‐3.04 [P < .0001]).CONCLUSIONS:In patients with both early stage and advanced stage NSCLC, VTE occurred more frequently in patients who received chemotherapy (but not erlotinib or BMS‐275291). In patients with advanced stage NSCLC, VTE was associated with obesity and a history of VTE. VTE was found to be prognostic in patients with advanced stage NSCLC. Cancer 2009. © 2009 American Cancer Society.
Standardizing care in medical oncology
Authors: Hains Isla M. , Fuller Joanne M. , Ward Robyn L. , Pearson Sallie‐Anne 
Published: August 2009

AbstractBACKGROUND:Medical oncology is embracing information technology to standardize care and improve patient outcomes, with a range of Web‐based systems used internationally. The authors' aim was to determine the factors affecting the uptake and use of a Web‐based protocol system for medical oncology in the Australian setting.METHODS:The authors conducted 50 interviews and observed medical oncology physicians, nurses, and pharmacists in their treatment setting at 6 hospitals in different geographic locations.RESULTS:The Web‐based system plays a major role in guiding oncology treatment across participating sites. However, its use varies according to hospital location, clinician roles, and experience. A range of issues impact on clinicians' attitudes toward and use of the Web‐based system. Important factors are clinician‒specific (eg, their need for autonomy and perceptions of lack of time) or environmental (eg, hospital policy on protocol use, endorsement of the system, and the availability of appropriate infrastructure, such as sufficient computers). The level of education received regarding the system was also found to be integral to its ongoing use.CONCLUSIONS:Although the provision of high‐quality evidence‐based resources, electronic or otherwise, is essential for standardizing care and improving patient outcomes, the authors' findings demonstrate that this alone does not ensure uptake. It is important to understand end‐users, the environment in which they operate, and the basic infrastructure required to implement such a system. Implementation must also be accompanied by continuing education and endorsement to ensure both long‐term sustainability and use of the system to its full potential. Cancer 2009. © 2009 American Cancer Society.
Fluorescence in situ hybridization studies on direct smears
Authors: Monaco Sara E. , Teot Lisa A. , Felgar Raymond E. , Surti Urvashi , Cai Guoping 
Published: August 2009

AbstractBACKGROUND:In the fine‐needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) diagnosis of B‐cell non‐Hodgkin lymphomas (B‐NHL), the role of flow cytometry (FC) can be limited because of nondiagnostic findings. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) studies, similar to FC, can be helpful in establishing clonality and in subclassifying the lymphoma. The aim of the current study was to determine whether FISH studies performed on unstained direct smears improved the ability to diagnose and/or subclassify B‐NHL on FNAB.METHODS:A total of 181 cases of B‐NHL diagnosed by FNAB were retrieved. The cytomorphology, ancillary study results, clinical information, and available pathologic follow‐up were reviewed.RESULTS:Of the 181 cases, FISH studies were performed in 106 cases (59%). The indications for FISH studies were for subclassification (59 cases; 56%) and nondiagnostic or unavailable FC results (47 cases; 44%). Of the 59 cases submitted for subclassification, 23 cases (39%) were successfully subclassified. The 47 cases with nondiagnostic or unavailable FC results included cases in which FC demonstrated a surface immunoglobulin‐negative population (19 cases; 40%), had insufficient cellularity (18 cases; 38%), yielded negative results (6 cases; 13%), or had no specimen submitted (4 cases; 9%). In this group, 26 cases (55%) demonstrated an immunoglobulin heavy‐chain gene rearrangement and/or chromosomal translocation.CONCLUSIONS:The results of the current study illustrate that FISH studies performed on unstained direct smears play a complementary role to FC in establishing the diagnosis and/or subclassification of B‐NHL. Thus, the preparation of unstained smears at the time of FNAB can be helpful for potential FISH studies. Cancer (Cancer Cytopathol) 2009. © 2009 American Cancer Society.
Frequency of circulating iNKT cells among Iranian healthy adults
Authors: Fereidouni Mohammad , Farid Hosseini Reza , Jabbari Azad Farahzad , Schenkel Jason , Varasteh Abdolreza , Mahmoudi Mahmoud 
Published: August 2009

AbstractBackground:Invariant natural killer T cells (iNKT) are a small subset of T lymphocytes which are involved in a wide variety of immune responses. Human studies have reported a wide variation in the number of circulating iNKT cell among healthy donors as well as in some immunologic disorders while there is no or little data about the factors which affect the pool of circulating iNKT cells in human.Given the importance of iNKT cells in immunologic responses and variation in the number and phenotype of iNKT cells, the aim of this study was to evaluate the frequency of circulating iNKT cells in a cohort of healthy Iranian adults.Methods:The number of circulating iNKT cells was measured among PBMC in a group of healthy Iranian adults by flow cytometry. iNKT cells were identified by using 6B11 monoclonal antibody or by coexpression of TCR Vα24 and Vβ11 chain.Results:The mean frequency of 6B11‐iNKT cells and Vα24‐Vβ11 iNKT cells among T lymphocytes, were 0.54% and 0.31%, respectively. Forty‐five percent of 6B11‐iNKT cells were CD4 positive, and there was a weak but significant inverse correlation between total 6B11‐iNKT cells and their CD4‐positive subset. There was no significant difference in the frequency of iNKT cells between males and females.Conclusions:Results of this study show that the frequency of iNKT cells is fairly high among the Iranian population and suggest matching of study population for age, sex, and ethnic background in iNKT‐related research. More studies are necessary to understand the factors that can affect the variation in the number of iNKT cells in healthy humans. © 2009 Clinical Cytometry Society
NK cells from tuberculous pleurisy express high ICAM‐1 levels and exert stimulatory effect on local T cells
Authors: Schierloh Pablo , Yokobori Noemí , Geffner Laura , Balboa Luciana , Romero María M. , Musella Rosa M. , Alemán Mercedes , Castagnino Jorge , Basile Juan , de la Barrera Silvia S. , Abbate Eduardo , Sasiain María C. 
Published: August 2009

AbstractTuberculous pleurisy, one of the most common manifestations of extrapulmonary tuberculosis, is characterized by a T‐cell‐mediated hypersensitivity reaction along with a Th1 immune profile. In this study, we investigated functional cross‐talk among T and NK cells in human tuberculous pleurisy. We found that endogenously activated pleural fluid‐derived NK cells express high ICAM‐1 levels and induce T‐cell activation ex vivo through ICAM‐1. Besides, upon in vitro stimulation with monokines and PAMP, resting peripheral blood NK cells increased ICAM‐1 expression leading to cellular activation and Th1 polarization of autologous T cells. Furthermore, these effects were abolished by anti‐ICAM‐1 Ab. Hence, NK cells may contribute to the adaptive immune response by a direct cell‐contact‐dependent mechanism in the context of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection.
Towards Allosteric Receptors – Synthesis of Resorcinarene‐Functionalized 2,2′‐Bipyridines and Their Metal Complexes
Authors: Staats Holger , Eggers Friederike , Haß Oliver , Fahrenkrug Frank , Matthey Jens , Lüning Ulrich , Lützen Arne 
Published: August 2009

AbstractBased on a first example of an allosteric hemicarcerand (1) we prepared four new 2,2′‐bipyridines that carry resorcinarene moieties in a highly convergent manner. Upon coordination to suitable transition metal ions or their complexes these compounds undergo conformational changes in a way that they switch between “open” and “closed” forms (2, 3, and 4) or vice versa (5), thus, bringing together or separating the two functional moieties on the central bipyridine. Among the transition metal complexes that act as effectors for the conformational switching, [Re(CO)5Cl] and monomeric copper(I) complexes of sterically hindered 2,9‐arylated 1,10‐phenanthrolines proved to be very effective. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2009)
A Concise Stereoselective Synthesis of 2‐Substituted 1‐Aminocyclopropanecarboxylic Acids
Authors: Pradhan Tarun K. , Joosten Antoine , Vasse Jean‐Luc , Bertus Philippe , Karoyan Philippe , Szymoniak Jan 
Published: August 2009

AbstractA simple and stereoselective method for the preparation of (Z)‐2‐substituted 1‐aminocyclopropanecarboxylic acids is described. The common key step for these reaction sequences involves the stereoselective Ti‐mediated coupling of benzyloxy nitrile and homoallylic alcohol. The resulting 2‐hydroxyethyl‐substituted cyclopropylamine can be transformed shortly into various cyclopropane amino acid analogues on the gram scale, in good overall yields. Several syntheses of 2,3‐methanoamino acids, that is, ACCs derived from proteinogenic α‐amino acids or analogues, such as glutamic acid, arginine, homoarginine, and lysine derivatives are presented to exemplify the usefulness of the method. Additionally, starting from cyanoesters, spirocyclopropane γ‐amino acid analogues are available in this way. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2009)
Mechanofluorochromism of a Series of Benzofuro[2,3‐c]oxazolo[4,5‐a]carbazole‐Type Fluorescent Dyes
Authors: Ooyama Yousuke , Kagawa Yusuke , Fukuoka Hiroshi , Ito Genta , Harima Yutaka 
Published: August 2009

AbstractMechanofluorochromism is found for a series of benzofuro[2,3‐c]oxazolo[4,5‐a]carbazole‐type fluorophores (1a–1d) having cyano groups as acceptor: grinding of 1a–1d induces a fluorescent color change with an enhanced quantum yield, and the fluorescent color is recovered by heating or exposure to solvent vapor. Interestingly, both absorption and emission peaks are redshifted by grinding, in conflict with the common view. On the basis of time‐resolved fluorescence spectroscopy, X‐ray powder diffraction (XRD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and single‐crystal X‐ray structural analysis, the mechanofluorochromism observed with this new class of fluorescent dyes is found to accompany a reversible switching between crystalline and amorphous states with changes of molecular arrangement and intermolecular π–π interactions. An essential role of a strong donor‐π‐acceptor character of the dyes is pointed out for the manifestation of the observed mechanofluorochromism.(© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2009)
Spatio‐temporal point process filtering methods with an application
Authors: Frcalová Blažena , Beneš Viktor , Klement Daniel 
Published: August 2009

AbstractThe paper deals with point processes in space and time and the problem of filtering. Real data monitoring the spiking activity of a place cell of hippocampus of a rat moving in an environment are evaluated. Two approaches to the modelling and methodology are discussed. The first one (known from literature) is based on recursive equations which enable to describe an adaptive system. Sequential Monte Carlo methods including particle filter algorithm are available for the solution. The second approach makes use of a continuous time shot‐noise Cox point process model. The inference of the driving intensity leads to a nonlinear filtering problem. Parametric models support the solution by means of the Bayesian Markov chain Monte Carlo methods, moreover the Cox model enables to detect adaptivness. Model selection is discussed, numerical results are presented and interpreted. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Differentiation and neural integration of hippocampal neuronal progenitors: Signaling pathways sequentially involved
Authors: Akchiche Nassila , Bossenmeyer‐Pourié Carine , Pourié Grégory , Koziel Violette , Nédélec Emmanuelle , Guéant Jean‐Louis , Daval Jean‐Luc 
Published: August 2009

AbstractIn the context of their potential implication in regenerative strategies, we characterized cell mechanisms underlying the fate of embryonic rat hippocampal H19–7 progenitors in culture upon induction of their differentiation, and tested their capacities to integrate into a neuronal network in vitro. Without addition of growth factors, nearly 100% of cells expressed various neuronal markers, with a progressive rise of the expression of Synapsin I and II, suggesting that cells developed as mature neurons with synaptogenic capacities. Fully differentiated neurons were identified as glutamatergic and expressed the receptor‐associated protein PSD‐95. Quantification of ATP showed that 60% of cells died within 24 h after differentiation. Cell death was shown to imply Erk1/2‐dependent intrinsic mitochondrial apoptosis signaling pathway, with activation of caspase‐9 and ‐3, finally leading to single‐strand DNA. Surviving neurons displayed high levels of Akt, phospho‐Akt, and antiapoptotic proteins such as Bcl‐2 and Bcl‐XL, with decreased caspase activation. In the absence of trophic support, the proapoptotic death‐associated protein (DAP) kinase was dramatically stimulated by 24 h postdifferentiation, along with increased levels of p38 and phospho‐p38, and caspase reactivation. These findings show that different signaling pathways are sequentially triggered by differentiation, and highlight that ultimate cell death would involve p38 and DAP kinase activation. This was supported by the improvement of cell survival at 24‐h postdifferentiation when cells were treated by PD169316, a specific inhibitor of p38. Finally, when seeded on rat hippocampal primary cultured neurons, a significant number of differentiated H19–7 cells were able to survive and to develop cell–cell communication. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
BEX2 regulates mitochondrial apoptosis and G1 cell cycle in breast cancer
Authors: Naderi Ali , Liu Ji , Bennett Ian C. 
Published: August 2009

AbstractWe have recently demonstrated that BEX2 is differentially expressed in primary breast tumors and BEX2 expression is required for the Nerve Growth factor inhibition of ceramide‐induced apoptosis in breast cancer. In this study we investigate the functional role of BEX2 in the survival and growth of breast cancer cells. We demonstrate that BEX2 downregulation induces mitochondrial apoptosis and sensitizes breast cancer cells to the pro‐apoptotic effects of ceramide, doxorubicin and staurosporine. In addition, BEX2 overexpression protects the breast cancer cells against mitochondrial apoptosis. We show that this effect of BEX2 is mediated through the modulation of Bcl‐2 protein family, which involves the positive regulation of anti‐apoptotic member Bcl‐2 and the negative regulation of pro‐apoptotic members BAD, BAK1 and PUMA. Moreover, our data suggests that BEX2 expression is required for the normal cell cycle progression during G1 in breast cancer cells through the regulation of cyclin D1 and p21. To further support the significance of BEX2 in the pathogenesis of breast cancer we demonstrate that BEX2 overexpression is associated with a higher activation of the Bcl‐2/NF‐κB pathway in primary breast tumors. Furthermore, we show that BEX2 downregulation results in a higher expression and activity of protein phosphatase 2A. The modulation of protein phosphatase 2A, which is also known to mediate the cellular response to ceramide, provides a possible mechanism to explain the BEX2‐mediated cellular effects. This study demonstrates that BEX2 has a significant role in the regulation of mitochondrial apoptosis and G1 cell cycle in breast cancer.
MLL/AF10(OM‐LZ)‐immortalized cells expressed cytokines and induced host cell proliferation in a mouse bone marrow transplantation model
Authors: Fu Jen‐Fen , Hsu Cheng‐Lung , Shih Lee‐Yung 
Published: August 2009

AbstractSeveral mouse models studying the MLL fusion‐induced leukemic transformation showed that a myeloproliferation stage precedes leukemia or occurred as the only phenotype of hematological disorder in mice. We established 6 MLL/AF10(OM‐LZ)‐immortalized cell lines by retrovirally transducing the fusion gene into bone marrow cells from B6 or congenic GFP‐B6 mice. Immunophenotypic and cytological analyses revealed that the immortalized cell lines could be divided into 2 types. Type I had a high percentage of cells expressing monocytic lineage marker CD115 in the medium containing IL3 and could terminally differentiate into granulocytes and monocytes in response to granulocyte colony‐stimulating factor (G‐CSF) and macrophage colony‐stimulating factor (M‐CSF) treatments, respectively. On the other hand, type II had a low percentage of cells expressing CD115. The type II cell lines could not differentiate into granulocytes by G‐CSF treatment and died rapidly in response to M‐CSF treatment. Transplantation of both types I and II cells induced lethal myeloproliferative disease (MPD)‐like myeloid leukemia in most of the sublethally irradiated B6 mice. Flow cytometric analysis of GFP and lineage markers of the peripheral blood cells from MPD mice revealed that the monocytes and granulocytes were generated not only from the donor cells but also from the host cells. RT‐PCR analysis revealed that the MLL/AF10(OM‐LZ)‐immortalized cells expressed mRNAs encoding colony‐stimulating factors (CSFs) of M‐CSF and GM‐CSF and inflammatory cytokines of IL‐1α, IL‐1β and TNF‐α. Our results showed that the MLL/AF10(OM‐LZ)‐immortalized cells could induce host cell proliferation in the transplanted mice, probably through stimulation by CSFs or cytokines produced by the donor cells.
Occurrence of anticancer activity of prednisolone via adrenalectomy and inhibition of adrenaline in rats
Authors: Suleyman Halis , Cadirci Elif , Albayrak Abdulmecit , Halici Zekai , Gundogdu Cemal , Hacimuftuoglu Ahmet 
Published: August 2009

AbstractIn this study, the anticancer effect of prednisolone was investigated using rats with normal endogen adrenaline levels (intact), reduced adrenaline levels (metyrosine‐induced) and adrenaline deficiency (adrenalectomized) via gastric adenocarcinoma model. Gastric adenocarcinoma was induced with N‐methyl‐N′‐nitro‐N‐nitrosoguanidine (MNNG). According to our experimental results, prednisolone could not prevent MNNG‐induced adenocarcinoma when used alone in intact rats. There were neither macroscopic nor microscopic signs of cancer in the rat groups that received metyrosine and prednisolone. However, dysplasia occurred in the stomachs of 2 of 10 rats that received metyrosine and prednisolone. There was no adenocarcinoma genesis in the stomachs of adrenalectomized rats that received prednisolone alone. However, yohimbine (a selective blocker of α2‐adrenoreceptors) pretreatment in adrenalectomized rats negated the anticancer effect of prednisolone. In conclusion, prednisolone was shown not to be an anticancer agent in intact rats when used alone; however, it has anticancer effects in rats whose adrenaline levels were reduced via adrenalectomy or metyrosine, which is a catecholamine synthesis inhibitor.
Compensating for nonstationary blurring by further blurring and deconvolution
Authors: Zeng Gengsheng L. 
Published: August 2009

AbstractIn many imaging systems, the point spread function (PSF) is nonstationary. Usually, a computation‐intensive iterative algorithm is used to deblur the nonstationary PSF. This article presents a new idea of using a noniterative method to compensate for the spatially variant PSF. This method first further blurs the image with a nonstationary kernel so that the resultant image has a stationary PSF, then deblurs the resultant image using an efficient decovolution technique. The proposed method is illustrated and implemented by single photon emission computed tomography applications. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Imaging Syst Technol, 19, 221–226, 2009