bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Perturbation of Indole-3-Butyric Acid Homeostasis by the UDP-GlucosyltransferaseUGT74E2ModulatesArabidopsisArchitecture and Water Stress Tolerance
Authors: Tognetti Vanesa B. , Van Aken Olivier , Morreel Kris , Vandenbroucke Korneel , van de Cotte Brigitte , De Clercq Inge , Chiwocha Sheila , Fenske Ricarda , Prinsen Els , Boerjan Wout , Genty Bernard , Stubbs Keith A. , Inzé Dirk , Van Breusegem Frank 
Published: August 2010

AbstractReactive oxygen species and redox signaling undergo synergistic and antagonistic interactions with phytohormones to regulate protective responses of plants against biotic and abiotic stresses. However, molecular insight into the nature of this crosstalk remains scarce. We demonstrate that the hydrogen peroxide–responsive UDP-glucosyltransferase UGT74E2 of Arabidopsis thaliana is involved in the modulation of plant architecture and water stress response through its activity toward the auxin indole-3-butyric acid (IBA). Biochemical characterization of recombinant UGT74E2 demonstrated that it strongly favors IBA as a substrate. Assessment of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), IBA, and their conjugates in transgenic plants ectopically expressing UGT74E2 indicated that the catalytic specificity was maintained in planta. In these transgenic plants, not only were IBA-Glc concentrations increased, but also free IBA levels were elevated and the conjugated IAA pattern was modified. This perturbed IBA and IAA homeostasis was associated with architectural changes, including increased shoot branching and altered rosette shape, and resulted in significantly improved survival during drought and salt stress treatments. Hence, our results reveal that IBA and IBA-Glc are important regulators of morphological and physiological stress adaptation mechanisms and provide molecular evidence for the interplay between hydrogen peroxide and auxin homeostasis through the action of an IBA UGT.
Comparison of familial and sporadic chronic lymphocytic leukaemia using high resolution array comparative genomic hybridization
Authors: Setlur Sunita R. , Ihm Chunhwa , Tchinda Joelle , Shams Soheil , Werner Lillian , Cho Eun Kyung , Thompson Christina , Phillips Kimberly , Rassenti Laura Z. , Kipps Thomas J. , Neuberg Donna , Freedman Arnold S. , Lee Charles , Brown Jennifer R. 
Published: August 2010

SummaryApproximately 10% of patients with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) have a family history of the disease or a related lymphoproliferative disorder, yet the relationship of familial CLL to genomic abnormalities has not been characterized in detail. We therefore studied 75 CLL patients, half familial and half sporadic, using high‐resolution array comparative genomic hybridization (CGH), in order to better define the relationship of genomic abnormalities to familial disease and other biological prognostic factors. Our results showed that the most common high‐risk deletion in CLL, deletion 11q, was significantly associated with sporadic disease. Comparison of familial to sporadic disease additionally identified a copy number variant region near the centromere on 14q, proximal to IGH@, in which gains were associated both with familial CLL, and with mutated IGHV and homozygous deletion of 13q. Homozygous deletion of 13q was also found to be associated with mutated IGHV and low expression of ZAP‐70, and a significantly longer time to first treatment compared to heterozygous deletion or lack of alteration. This study is the first high resolution effort to investigate and report somatic genetic differences between familial and sporadic CLL.
Reaction rate of NaOCl in contact with bovine dentine: effect of activation, exposure time, concentration and pH
Authors: Macedo R. G. , Wesselink P. R. , Zaccheo F. , Fanali D. , Van Der Sluis L. W. M. 
Published: August 2010

Macedo RG, Wesselink PR, Zaccheo F, Fanali D, van der Sluis LWM. Reaction rate of NaOCl in contact with bovine dentine: effect of activation, exposure time, concentration and pH. International Endodontic Journal.AbstractAim  To determine the influence of activation method (ultrasound or laser), concentration, pH and exposure time on the reaction rate (RR) of NaOCl when in contact with dentinal walls.Methodology  The walls from standardized root canals in bovine incisors were exposed to a standardized volume of sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) with different concentrations (2% and 10%), pH (5 and 12) and exposure times (1 and 4 min). Two irrigation protocols were tested: passive ultrasonic irrigation or laser activated irrigation with no activation as the control. The activation interval lasted 1 min followed by a rest interval of 3 min with no activation. The RR was determined by measuring the iodine concentration using an iodine/thiosulfate titration method.Results  Exposure time, concentration and activation method influenced the reaction rate of NaOCl whereas pH did not.Conclusions  Activation is a strong modulator of the reaction rate of NaOCl. During the rest interval of 3 min, the consumption of available chlorine increased significantly. This effect seems to be more pronounced after irrigant activation by laser. pH did not affect the reaction rate of 2% NaOCl.
The anatomy of the root canal system of three‐rooted maxillary premolars analysed using high‐resolution computed tomography
Authors: Vier‐Pelisser F. V. , Dummer P. M. H. , Bryant S. , Marca C. , Só M. V. R. , Figueiredo J. A. P. 
Published: August 2010

Vier‐Pelisser FV, Dummer PMH, Bryant S, Marca C, Só MVR, Figueiredo JAP. The anatomy of the root canal system of three‐rooted maxillary premolars analysed using high‐resolution computed tomography. International Endodontic JournalAbstractAim  To analyse the anatomy of the root canal system of maxillary premolars with three distinct roots using high‐resolution computed tomography (μCT).Methodology  Ten three‐rooted human maxillary premolars were scanned transversally from crown to apex at 42 μm intervals using a high‐resolution desktop μTC system (Skyscan 1072). The images were processed and analysed for the following features: cross section of the roots and canals in the apical, middle and coronal thirds; location of the apical foramen; distance from the pulp chamber roof to the bifurcation and trifurcation of the canals and anatomic variations of the root canal system. The results were expressed descriptively.Results  The cross‐sectional shape of canals was heterogeneous along the length of the roots. The location of the apical foramen varied, tending to lie palatally or distally. The buccal pulp horn was larger than the palatal. The mean distance from the most cervical region of the pulp chamber roof to the bifurcation and trifurcation of the canals was 3.13 and 5.08 mm, respectively.Conclusions  Features of the internal anatomy of the pulp cavity of three‐rooted maxillary premolars were identified with the use of μCT. The results revealed the heterogeneity of three‐rooted maxillary premolars.
Genetic regulation of pristane‐induced oil granuloma responses
Authors: Chen Huaiyong , Liao Dongmei , Matt Holl T. , Snowden Pilar , Ueda Yoshihiro , Kelsoe Garnett 
Published: August 2010

SummaryOil granuloma (OG) induced by intraperitoneal injection of pristane represents a non‐infectious granuloma. Oil granuloma has been characterized, but the regulation of its formation still remains unknown. To address this, we injected pristane into various mice deficient for genes including, linker for activation of T cells (LAT), μMT, LTα, TNFα, IL‐6. T cell deficient mice (LAT−/−) responded to pristane by developing serosal granuloma and mesenteric granuloma (MG) as in wild type mice. The absence of B cells blocked serosal granuloma (SG) formation and diminished MG development in response to pristane. However, even when a comparable number of B cells were present in the mesentery, the absence of TNFα resulted in similar defects in OG formation after pristane treatment, demonstrating that both B cells and TNFα are very crucial for pristane‐induced OG formation. Interestingly, IL‐6−/− mice had intact MG formation; however, SG organization was impaired. These studies provide insight into granulomateous pathology induced by non‐infectious substances for example, biomedical sutures.
Direct and indirect root defences of milkweed (Asclepias syriaca): trophic cascades, trade‐offs and novel methods for studying subterranean herbivory
Authors: Rasmann Sergio , Erwin Alexis C. , Halitschke Rayko , Agrawal Anurag A. 
Published: August 2010

Summary 1. Entomopathogenic nematodes can function as indirect defence for plants that are attacked by root herbivores. By releasing volatile organic compounds (VOCs), plants signal the presence of host insects and thereby attract nematodes. 2. Nonetheless, how roots deploy indirect defences, how indirect defences relate to direct defences, and the ecological consequences of root defence allocation for herbivores and plant biomass are essentially unknown. 3. We investigate a natural below‐ground tritrophic system, involving common milkweed, a specialist root‐boring beetle and entomopathogenic nematodes, and asked whether there is a negative genetic correlation between direct defences (root cardenolides) and indirect defences (emission of volatiles in the roots and nematode attraction), and between constitutive and inducible defences. 4. Volatiles of roots were analysed using two distinct sampling methods. First, we collected emissions from living Asclepias syriaca roots by dynamic headspace sampling. This method showed that attacked A. syriaca plants emit five times higher levels of volatiles than control plants. Secondly, we used a solid phase micro‐extraction (SPME) method to sample the full pool of volatiles in roots for genetic correlations of volatile biosynthesis. 5. Field experiments showed that entomopathogenic nematodes prevent the loss of biomass to root herbivory. Additionally, suppression of root herbivores was mediated directly by cardenolides and indirectly by the attraction of nematodes. Genetic families of plants with high cardenolides benefited less from nematodes compared to low‐cardenolide families, suggesting that direct and indirect defences may be redundant. Although constitutive and induced root defences traded off within each strategy (for both direct and indirect defence, cardenolides and VOCs, respectively), we found no trade‐off between the two strategies. 6.
Synthesis. Constitutive expression and inducibility of defences may trade off because of resource limitation or because they are redundant. Direct and indirect defences do not trade off, likely because they may not share a limiting resource and because independently they may promote defence across the patchiness of herbivore attack and nematode presence in the field. Indeed, some redundancy in strategies may be necessary to increase effective defence, but for each strategy, an economy of deployment reduces overall costs.
What influences pre‐hospital cannulation intentions in paramedics? An application of the theory of reasoned action
Authors: Banerjee Smita C , Siriwardena A Niroshan , Iqbal Mohammad 
Published: August 2010

AbstractBackground  Intravenous cannulation is a common and important intervention undertaken by paramedics for administration of fluids and drugs in the pre‐hospital setting. This study was a partial application of the theory of reasoned action to the prediction of pre‐hospital cannulation intentions as part of an evaluation of an educational intervention to change cannulation behaviour in paramedics in line with national guidance.Methods  In 2008 a self‐completion questionnaire was sent to paramedics from Nottinghamshire and Lincolnshire divisions of East Midlands Ambulance Service NHS Trust, UK. This included measures of prior behaviour related to cannulation, attitude towards cannulation, normative influence related to cannulation and intention to cannulate as well as demographic information.Results  Of the 323 paramedics sent questionnaires 137 (42.2%) responded. Attitude towards cannulation (but not normative or peer influence) was a necessary factor for prediction of intention to cannulate in respondents. Past cannulation behaviour was indirectly related to intention to cannulate through the mediation of attitude towards cannulation.Conclusion  The theory of reasoned action provides a parsimonious way to predict intentions to cannulate. This study suggests that design and evaluation of interventions to reduce inappropriate cannulation should be targeted towards changing attitudes of paramedics, rather than towards addressing behavioural norms. Future research could utilize social‐psychological theories to better understand clinical behaviour prior to implementation of complex educational or organizational interventions.
The effects of in vitro hemodilution with 6% hydroxyethyl starch (HES) (130/0.4) solution on thrombelastograph analysis in patients undergoing liver transplantation
Authors: Bang Si Ra , Kim Yoon Hee , Kim Gaab Soo 
Published: August 2010

Bang SR, Kim YH, Kim GS. The effects of in vitro hemodilution with 6% hydroxyethyl starch (HES) (130/0.4) solution on thrombelastograph analysis in patients undergoing liver transplantation. Clin Transplant 2011: 25: 450–456. © 2010 John Wiley & Sons A/S.Abstract:  Introduction:  The aim of this study was to determine the effects of in vitro hemodilution with 6% HES (130/0.4) solution on thrombelastograph® (TEG) parameters in whole blood samples from patients with end‐stage liver disease (ESLD).Methods:  Enrollment consisted of 95 patients with ESLD undergoing liver transplantation. Blood was diluted by 11%, 22%, and 33% with 6% HES (130/0.4) solution. Normal saline was used as a control diluent.Results:  When blood was diluted by 33% with normal saline, only the reaction time (r) was increased (p < 0.0001) compared to the baseline value. When blood was diluted with 6% HES (130/0.4), 11% dilution decreased maximum amplitude (MA) (p = 0.003) compared to baseline. At 33% dilution, the r (p < 0.0001, vs. baseline) and K (p < 0.0001, vs. baseline; p < 0.0001, vs. normal saline) increased, and the MA, alpha angle, and coagulation index (p < 0.0001, vs. baseline; p < 0.0001, vs. normal saline) decreased.Conclusion:  Hemodilution with 6% HES (130/0.4) solution results in TEG abnormalities even with 11% hemodilution, in whole blood samples of patients with ESLD undergoing liver transplantation.
Expression of Putative Stem Cell Markers Related to Developmental Stage of Sheep Mammary Glands
Authors: Colitti M. 
Published: August 2010

With 2 figures and 2 tablesSummaryIt is thought that the regenerative capacity of the mammary gland following post‐lactation involution resides in multipotent stem cells within the luminal tissue. Adult stem cells make up a small percentage of the cells found in mature organ systems, however to define useful markers has long been a challenge. c‐Kit (KIT) and its ligand stem cell factor (KITLG), ATP‐binding cassette sub‐family G member 2 (ABCG2) and Musashi 1 (MSI1) are good candidate to identify progenitor cells in their niche. Using real‐time PCR we showed that KIT, KITLG and MSI1 expressions were up regulated before lambing and at involution relatively to prepubertal stage. The in situ hybridization analysis for KIT gene confirmed and localized the expression in luminal epithelial cells. The changes in the expression profile of putative stem cell markers in mammary glands of sheep suggest that they modify with the progression of lactation cycle, being up regulated during differentiation and down regulated during lactation.
Effects of Prostaglandin F2a on Blood Constituents and Certain Hormones in Najdi Sheep
Authors: Abdo Mohamed Sami , Tayeb I. B. El , Manna M. M. El , Tayeb F. A. El , Ibrahim M. M. 
Published: August 2010

SummaryExperiments were conducted to show the effect of injection of prostaglandin F2a on some blood constituents of Najdi sheep. The constituents studied were red and white cell counts, haemoglobin content, haematocrit, sedimentation rate and electrophoresis of serum proteins. Biological assays of thyroid, thyrotrophic, gonadotrophic and adrenocorticotrophic hormones were also made.The results indicated that PGF2a causes a significant increase in the number of red and white cells as well as in the levels of the hormones studied. On the other hand, PGF2a did not affect significantly the other haematological parameters.ZusammenfassungEinfluß von Prostaglandin F2a auf einige Blutparameter und Hormone beim SchafBei Schafen (Najdi Rasse) wurde der Einfluß von Prostaglandin F2a auf einige Blutparameter (Zahl der roten und weißen Blutkörperchen, Hämoglobingehalt, Hämatokrit, Erythrozytensenkung, Elektrophorese der Plasma‐proteine) untersucht. Mittels Tierversuche wurde zudem der Gehalt folgender Hormone geprüft: Schilddrüsenhormone, Thyreotropin, Gonadotropine, Adrenocorticotropin.Ergebnisse: Signifikante Erhöhung der Erythrozyten, Leukozyten sowie der erwähnten Hormone. Die anderen Blutparameter wurden durch PGF2a nicht signifikant verändert.RésuméInfluence de la prostaglandine F2a sur quelques paramètres sanguins et des hormones chez le moutonOn a examiné l'influence de la prostaglandine F2a sur quelques paramètres sanguins (nombre des globules rouges et blancs, taux de l'hémoglobine, hématocrit, sédimentation des érythrocytes, électrophorèse des protéines du plasma) chez des moutons de la race Najdi. On a testé également grâce à des essais sur animaux le taux des hormones suivantes: thyroxine, thyreotropine, gonadotropine, adrénocorticotropine.Résultats: augmentation significative des érythrocytes, des leucocytes et des hormones évoquées. Les autres paramètres sanguins ne sont pas significativement modifiés par PGF2a.ResumenEl influjo de la protaglandina F2a sobre algunos parámetros hematológicos y hormonas en la ovejaSe examinó en ovejas (raza Najdi) el influjo de la inyección de prostaglandina F2a sobre algunos parámetros hematológicos (cantidad de glóbulos sanguíneos rojos y blancos, contenido en hemoglobina, hematocrito, sedimentación de hematíes, electroforesis de las proteínas plasmáticas). Mediante ensayos en animales se valoraron además los niveles de las hormonas siguientes: tiroxina, tireotropina, gonadotropina y adrenocorticotropina.Resultados: Aumentos significantes de los eritrocitos, leucocitos y hormonas mencionadas. Los parámetros hematológicos restantes no fueron modificados significantemente por la PGF2a.
Cytogenetic Investigations in Austrian Bulls and Boars
Authors: Mayr B. , Schleger W. 
Published: August 2010

SummaryCytogenetic investigations were performed in Austrian bulls and boars. Robertsonian translocations, a reciprocal translocation and gonosomal chimerisms were detected. NOR studies revealed chromosomes nos. 2, 3, 4, 11 and 28 as the major rRNA sites in the Fleckvieh breed. Chromosomes 8 and 10 carried the NORs at their secondary constrictions in the pigs. Differences in the NOR expression were established between individual pigs, especially in a few Pietrains.ZusammenfassungZytogenische Untersuchungen bei österreichischen Bullen und EbernZytogenetische Untersuchungen wurden an österreichischen Stieren und Ebern durchgeführt. Robertson'sche Translokationen, eine reziproke Translokation und gonosomale Chimärismen wurden erkannt. NOR‐Studien zeigten die Chromosomen Nr. 2, 3, 4, 11 und 28 als die Haupt‐NOR‐Sitze in der Fleckviehrasse. Chromosom Nr. 8 und Nr. 10 trugen bei den Schweinen die NORs an ihren sekundären Konstriktionen. Unterschiede in der NOR Expression zwischen einzelnen Schweinen, insbesondere einer geringen Anzahl von Pietrain, wurden gefunden.RésuméRecherches cytogénétiques chez des tareaux et des verrats en AutricheDes recherches cytogénétiques ont été faites chez des taureaux et des verrats en Autriche. Des translocations de Robertson, une translocation réciproque et des chimérismes gonosomaux ont été trouvés. Des études NOR ont montré que les chromosomes No. 2, 3, 4, 11 et 28 étaient les principaux sites NOR dans la race tachetée. Les chromosomes No. 8 et 10 portaient les NORs sur leur constrictions secondaires chez les porcs. On a trouvé des differences dans l'expression NOR entre quelques porcs, en particulier chez quelques‐uns de la race Piétrain.ResumenInvestigaciones citogenéticas en toros y verracos austríacosEn toros y verracos de la región montañosa de Austria se llevaron a cabo estudios citogenéticos. Se apreciaron translocaciones de Robertson, una translocación reciproca y quimerismos gonosomales. Los estudios NOR mostraron los cromosomas no 2, 3, 4, 11 y 28 como los lugares principales del rRNA en la raza manchada de las alturas. Los cromosomas no 8 y 10 contribuyeron en los cerdos a sus constricciones secundarias. Se hallaron diferencias en la expresión NOR entre los cerdos individuates, sobre todo en una cantidad escasa de ejemplares Pietrain.
Glucose Tolerance Test in Goats
Authors: Prasad M. C. , Kaul P. L. 
Published: August 2010

SummaryThe glucose tolerance test was carried out in five apparently healthy goats of nondescript breed in the 4–6 months age group. In the oral glucose tolerance test the peak of blood glucose concentration was reached in two hours while in the intravenous glucose tolerance test it took only thirty minutes. The pre‐test blood glucose concentration was achieved at the eighth hour in the oral glucose tolerance test and at the second/third hour in the intravenous glucose tolerance test.ZusammenfassungGlukose‐Toleranz‐Test bei ZiegenBei 5 klinisch gesunden, 4 bis 6 Monate alten Ziegen unbestimmter Rasse wurde ein Glukose‐Toleranz‐Test überprüft. Nach oraler Verabreichung der Glukose wurde das Maximum der Blutglukosekonzentration nach 2 Stunden beobachtet, beim intravenösen Glukose‐Toleranz‐Test bereits nach 30 Minuten. Die Blutzucker‐Ausgangswerte wurden beim oralen Test in der 8. Stunde, beim intravenösen Test zwischen der 2. und 3. Stunde wieder erreicht.RésuméTest de tolérance au glucose chez des chèvresUn test de tolérance au glucose a été fait chez 5 chèvres cliniquement saines, âgées de 4 à 6 mois et de race indéterminée. La concentration maximale de glucose dans le sang a été observée 2 heures après une application orale du glucose et déjà après 30 minutes après un test de tolerance au glucose par voie intraveineuse. Les valeurs de sortie du sucre sanguin ont été à nouveau atteintes dans la huitième heure lors d'un test par voie orale et entre la deuxième et la troisième heure suivant un test par voie intraveineuse.ResumenPrueba de la tolerancia a la glucosa en cabrasSe contrastó en 5 cabras sanas clínicamente, de 4 a 6 semanas de edad, de raza indefinida, una prueba de tolerancia a la glucosa. Tras administrar glucosa por vía oral, se observó la concentración máxima de glucemia al cabo de 2 horas, mientras que ya a los 30 minutos en la prueba de tolerancia a la glucosa intravenosa. Los valores de glucemia de partida se volvieron a alcanzar en la prueba oral durante la hora octava, mientras que en la prueba intravenosa entre la segunda y la tercer hora.