bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An evaluation of searching the German CCMeddatabase for the production of systematic reviews
Authors: Waffenschmidt Siw , Hausner Elke , Kaiser Thomas 
Published: September 2010

AbstractObjectives: National databases may be useful sources in the production of a systematic review (SR). The aim of this study was to assess the potential benefit of a systematic search in the German database ‘Current Contents Medizin’ (CCMed).Methods: The study was conducted on the basis of published SRs that included CCMedas a literature source. Eligible SRs were identified through a systematic search inmedline,embaseand The Cochrane Library. The websites of German Health Technology Assessment agencies were also screened. Citations of primary studies included as relevant in the SRs were extracted and then categorised.Results: The search yielded 52 eligible SRs. A total of 1505 relevant citations were extracted. Seventy‐seven of these articles were published in journals indexed in CCMed. Thirty‐two of the 77 citations were indexed in CCMed, but only eight of the 32 were unique. Of these eight citations, seven were not identified by a systematic search, but by handsearching. Only one unique citation, an observational study, was identified in CCMedby a systematic search.Conclusions: In the production of SRs, a systematic search in CCMedidentifies relevant studies only in exceptional cases. Therefore, the routine inclusion of this database in systematic searches does not appear meaningful.
Persistent impairment of mitochondrial and tissue redox status during lithium‐pilocarpine‐induced epileptogenesis
Authors: Waldbaum Simon , Liang Li‐Ping , Patel Manisha 
Published: September 2010

J. Neurochem. (2010) 115, 1172–1182.AbstractMitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress are known to occur following acute seizure activity but their contribution during epileptogenesis is largely unknown. The goal of this study was to determine the extent of mitochondrial oxidative stress, changes to redox status, and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) damage during epileptogenesis in the lithium‐pilocarpine model of temporal lobe epilepsy. Mitochondrial oxidative stress, changes in tissue and mitochondrial redox status, and mtDNA damage were assessed in the hippocampus and neocortex of Sprague–Dawley rats at time points (24 h to 3 months) following lithium‐pilocarpine administration. A time‐dependent increase in mitochondrial hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) production coincident with increased mtDNA lesion frequency in the hippocampus was observed during epileptogenesis. Acute increases (24–48 h) in H2O2 production and mtDNA lesion frequency were dependent on the severity of convulsive seizure activity during initial status epilepticus. Tissue levels of GSH, GSH/GSSG, coenzyme A (CoASH), and CoASH/CoASSG were persistently impaired at all measured time points throughout epileptogenesis, that is, acutely (24–48 h), during the ‘latent period’ (48 h to 7 days), and chronic epilepsy (21 days to 3 months). Together with our previous work, these results demonstrate the model independence of mitochondrial oxidative stress, genomic instability, and persistent impairment of mitochondrial specific redox status during epileptogenesis. Lasting impairment of mitochondrial and tissue redox status during the latent period, in addition to the acute and chronic phases of epileptogenesis, suggests that redox‐dependent processes may contribute to the progression of epileptogenesis in experimental temporal lobe epilepsy.
The impact of bodily change on social behaviour in patients with Thyroid‐Associated Ophthalmopathy
Authors: Jensen Annesofie L. , Harder Ingegerd 
Published: September 2010

Scand J Caring Sci; 2011; 25; 341–349 The impact of bodily change on social behaviour in patients with Thyroid‐Associated Ophthalmopathy Thyroid‐associated ophthalmopathy (TAO) is characterized by the altered appearance of face and eyes and changed visual function. TAO has been described as alarming and crippling. It is well documented that TAO influences the patient’s quality of life negatively. However, little is known about how the bodily change complicates the patient’s social behaviour in everyday situations. The aim of this study was to explore how social behaviour is influenced by the bodily change and what it means to patients with TAO. An ethnographic study was conducted using in‐depth interviews and participant observation. A total of 13 patients, nine women and four men, diagnosed with moderate to severe TAO were included. Data analysis was performed concurrently using grounded theory technique. The local ethics committee approved the study, and all participants gave written informed consent. The study reveals that the experience of bodily change had considerable consequences for patients’ involvement with people and maintenance of social relations. Uncontrollable eyes were the dominating experience. It contained four sub‐themes; the experience of changed facial communication, the experience of being somebody else, the experience of being clumsy among others and the experience of being cut off from the outside world. The bodily change affected people’s attitude and behaviour towards them and their own ways of being with people. They struggled to change social behaviour and avoid withdrawal. In their struggle, they used seven different coping strategies. The study contributes to clarification of essential aspects of living with TAO. The condition of uncontrollable eyes may have serious consequences for patients’ social behaviour and relationships with others. Early identification of the impact of bodily change and planned support may help prevent serious quality of life change.
America and Amerindians in Sebastian Münster's Cosmographiae universalis libri VI (1550)
Authors: DAVIES SUREKHA 
Published: September 2010

Sebastian Münster's Cosmographiae universalis libri VI (1550) was produced in more sixteenth‐century editions that any book apart from the Bible. A descriptive geography prefaced by a series of maps, it offered the reader an overview of the world's peoples, natural history and geography. While German cosmographers had been instrumental in the emergence of the notion of America as the fourth part of the world, Münster considered America as part of Asia in a world with three, rather than four, parts.This article investigates how Münster conceptualized America and Amerindians in the Cosmographia, and the ways in which he related them to the rest of the world. It shows how Münster's consideration of America as part of an island chain that included the Spice Islands or Moluccas fed into a broader discourse of long‐distance trade and exploration rather than indicating the limits of his ability to reconcile classical geography with contemporary exploration. It explains why Münster's delineation of America as an island was unsuccessful, but also why it consituted a reasonable model in the sixteenth century.
Computational Fluid Dynamics Design and Analysis of a Passively Suspended Tesla Pump Left Ventricular Assist Device
Authors: Medvitz Richard B. , Boger David A. , Izraelev Valentin , Rosenberg Gerson , Paterson Eric G. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThis article summarizes the use of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to design a novel suspended Tesla left ventricular assist device. Several design variants were analyzed to study the parameters affecting device performance. CFD was performed at pump speeds of 6500, 6750, and 7000 rpm and at flow rates varying from 3 to 7 liters per minute (LPM). The CFD showed that shortening the plates nearest the pump inlet reduced the separations formed beneath the upper plate leading edges and provided a more uniform flow distribution through the rotor gaps, both of which positively affected the device hydrodynamic performance. The final pump design was found to produce a head rise of 77 mm Hg with a hydraulic efficiency of 16% at the design conditions of 6 LPM throughflow and a 6750 rpm rotation rate. To assess the device hemodynamics the strain rate fields were evaluated. The wall shear stresses demonstrated that the pump wall shear stresses were likely adequate to inhibit thrombus deposition. Finally, an integrated field hemolysis model was applied to the CFD results to assess the effects of design variation and operating conditions on the device hemolytic performance.
Temporal trends in the mortality of people with epilepsy: A review
Authors: Neligan Aidan , Bell Gail S. , Shorvon Simon D. , Sander Josemir W. 
Published: September 2010

SummaryPurpose:  It is now generally accepted that people with epilepsy are at increased risk of premature death compared with peers in the general population. It has, however, not been clearly established how this risk changes over time, nor whether mortality rates have been changing over time.Methods:  We carried out a systematic review: (1) To determine the pattern of change of mortality risk relative to the general population in people with epilepsy in the course of their condition as measured by standardized mortality ratios (SMRs), by reviewing longitudinal prospective cohort studies. (2) To establish whether there have been any changes in reported mortality rates for epilepsy in general populations over time. This was complemented by comparison of SMRs in people with epilepsy in the same types of source populations (population‐based, hospital‐based, and institutional studies) in different time periods to ascertain any changes in reported mortality rates.Results:  The SMR is highest in the initial years after diagnosis and subsequently decreases. There is a suggestion that there may be an increase after 10 years from diagnosis despite the fact that the majority of people in these cohorts are in long‐term remission. There is no evidence that either the overall SMR or the mortality rate of people with epilepsy has changed significantly over time.Discussion:  Further population and cohort studies are needed to confirm these findings.
A duplication in 1q21.3 in a family with early onset and childhood absence epilepsy
Authors: Muhle Hiltrud , Steinich Ines , Von Spiczak Sarah , Franke Andre , Weber Yvonne , Lerche Holger , Wittig Michael , Heidemann Simone , Suls Arvid , De Jonghe Peter , Marini Carla , Guerrini Renzo , Scheffer Ingrid E. , Berkovic Samuel F. , Stephani Ulrich , Siebert Reiner , Sander Thomas , Helbig Ingo , Tönnies Holger 
Published: September 2010

SummaryEarly onset absence epilepsy (EOAE) starting before the age of 4 years constitutes a rare subgroup of the idiopathic generalized epilepsies (IGEs). A strong genetic component in IGE has been suggested by twin and family studies. We describe a boy with absence seizures starting at the age of 9 months whose parents both had childhood absence epilepsy. A 192‐kb duplication in 1q21.3 was identified in the proband and his father, encompassing the gene CHRNB2 coding for the β‐2 subunit of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor and the gene ADAR coding for adenosine deaminase, an enzyme responsible for RNA editing. Both are candidate genes for seizure disorders. The duplication was not identified in 191 independent IGE patients (93 EOAE; 98 classical IGE) or in 1,157 population controls.
SUDEP, suspected positional airway obstruction, and hypoventilation in postictal coma
Authors: Tao James X. , Qian Shuo , Baldwin Maria , Chen Xiang‐Jun , Rose Sandra , Ebersole Susan‐Hawes , Ebersole John S. 
Published: September 2010

SummarySudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP) is the leading cause of mortality in patients with chronic uncontrolled epilepsy. Despite intense interest in SUDEP from the medical and scientific communities in recent years, its etiologies are still largely unresolved. A 35‐year‐old woman had SUDEP after having a generalized seizure in the prone position. The cause of her death was likely asphyxia from the convergence of postictal coma and suspected positional airway obstruction and hypoventilation, rather than the commonly suspected periictal cardiac arrhythmia or central apnea. SUDEP may share a similar etiology with sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) and is likely preventable, at least in a proportion of cases.
Cognitive outcomes in children who present with a first unprovoked seizure
Authors: Sogawa Yoshimi , Masur David , O’Dell Christine , Moshe Solomon L. , Shinnar Shlomo 
Published: September 2010

SummaryPurpose: To determine the long‐term cognitive and educational outcomes in children prospectively identified at the time of a first unprovoked seizure.Methods: A cohort of children with a first unprovoked seizure was enrolled and followed for a mean of 15 years. Cognitive function and educational outcomes were determined 10 or more years after the first seizure via standardized neuropsychological tests, school records, and structured interviews. Children with symptomatic etiology were excluded from the analysis. When available, siblings of study subjects were recruited as normal controls. Primary educational outcome was defined as enrollment into special education services or grade repetition.Results: Twenty‐eight percent of (43 of 153) of children with a single seizure and 40% (42 of 105) of children with epilepsy received special education service or repeated a grade (p = 0.05). There was a statistically significant trend in which the children with more seizures tended to require special education or repeat a grade more often (28% in single seizure group vs. 34% in 2–9 seizure group vs. 64% in ≥10 seizure group; p = 0.004). Of 163 subjects who completed neuropsychological testing, children with single seizures tended to score higher than children with epilepsy on Wide Range Achievement Test‐3 (WRAT) reading (p = 0.08), Test of Non‐Verbal Intelligence‐II (TONI‐II) (p = 0.02), and Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC)/Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS) (p = 0.07). There was no statistically significant difference between children with a single seizure and sibling controls.Conclusion: The results suggest that children with a single seizure represent a group that is distinctly different from children with epilepsy and are more similar to sibling controls. In contrast, even children with very mild epilepsy have significantly worse educational outcomes.
Egg laying and development of Neotropical trichogrammatid species in artificial eggs
Authors: Dias Nivia da Silva , Parra José Roberto Postali , Cônsoli Fernando Luis 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThe goal of this work was to assess the suitability of two artificial diets for egg laying and development of Trichogramma atopovirilia Oatman & Platner, Trichogrammatoidea annulata De Santis, and Trichogramma bruni Nagaraja (all Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae). Additionally, the quality of wasps reared in vitro was compared with those reared in vivo. The ‘standard’ diet consisted of Diatraea saccharalis (Fabricius) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) pupal holotissues (65%), chicken egg yolk (18%), fetal bovine serum (8.5%), lactalbumin hydrolysate (8.5%), and anticontaminants (0.3%). The ‘modified’ diet differed from the standard one only in the D. saccharalis pupal holotissues, that were replaced with Heliothis virescens (Fabricius) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) ones. Females of the three trichogrammatid species laid eggs in artificial eggs containing any artificial medium, but the modified one received more eggs. Although the standard diet was accepted for oviposition by the three wasp species, no development occurred. On the modified diet, only T. atopovirilia was able to develop to adult emergence. Adult F1 were of a quality that was similar to insects reared in vivo.
Comparison of mating disruption and mass trapping with Pyralidae and Sesiidae moths
Authors: Teixeira Luís A.F. , Miller James R. , Epstein David L. , Gut Larry J. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractMating disruption and mass trapping for control of lepidopteran pests use synthetic sex pheromone to prevent males from finding and mating with females. Here, we identify the behavioral mechanism underlying mating disruption and mass trapping of American plum borer, Euzophera semifuneralis (Walker) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae), peachtree borer, Synanthedon exitiosa Say, and lesser peachtree borer, Synanthedon pictipes (Groeten) (Lepidoptera: Sesiidae). In addition, we derive relative dispenser activity (Relative Da) from the competitive attraction equation to compare the disruptive activity of the devices used in mating disruption and mass trapping. Dispensers and traps were deployed in replicated 0.14‐ha cherry or peach plots with E. semifuneralis or the Synanthedon moths, respectively. Dispenser densities were 0, 10, 20, 59, 185, and 371 per ha, whereas trap densities were 0, 10, 20, 40, 79, and 158 per ha. Moth catch in a centrally placed, pheromone‐baited monitoring trap in each plot was used to evaluate the treatments. The profile of moth captures in mating disruption and mass trapping with the three species indicates that competitive attraction is the behavioral mechanism responsible for trap disruption. Relative Da is 0.27, 0.23, and 0.53 with American plum borer, peachtree borer, and lesser peachtree borer, respectively, which indicates that the traps are 1.9–4.4 times more effective in reducing moth catch than the dispensers. Relative Da can be used to compare devices for pheromone‐based behavioral manipulation of these and other species that are competitively attracted to artificial pheromone sources. When the same type of trap is employed for monitoring and mass trapping, Relative Da is the same as dispenser activity Da.
Host use and developmental instability in the cactophilic sibling speciesDrosophila gouveaiandD. antonietae
Authors: Soto I. M. , Carreira V. P. , Corio C. , Soto E. M. , Hasson E. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractTheDrosophila repletagroup encompasses an ensemble of species that inhabit desertic areas that are inhospitable to other drosophilids. These species have a tractable ecology, as they breed and feed on necrotic tissues of a wide diversity of species of Cactaceae, with a certain degree of host specificity, which makes them suitable models to investigate the role of host plant shifts in diversification. Most species have their own primary host plant, which may be shared with a closely related species. However, the consequences of host plant shifts from primary to secondary hosts have not been thoroughly studied so far. We investigated the effects of the cactus host on developmental instability and performance ofD. gouveaiTidon‐Sklorz & Sene andD. antonietaeTidon‐Sklorz & Sene (Diptera: Drosophilidae), a pair of closely related sibling species, and of their F1 interspecific hybrids reared in primary and secondary host plants. Fluctuating asymmetry (FA) for wing size was significantly greater in flies of both species reared in their respective secondary cactus host than in those grown in the primary host. Interspecific hybrids also exhibited host‐dependent levels of FA. However, hybrids did not show greater FA than the parental species, suggesting that hybridization per se did not affect developmental stability. Even though cactus host shifts affected different measures of fitness (larval viability and adult size) both inD. antonietaeandD. gouveai, we did not detect a consistent relationship between FA and fitness. Our results suggest that FA cannot be used as a sensitive indicator of genetic and phenotypic quality and we discuss its application as a fitness predictor.
Recognition of Intercenter Differences May Help Develop Best Practice
Authors: Norda Rut , Axelsson Claes Göran , Axdorph Ulla , Berlin Gösta , Wikström Björn , Stegmayr Bernd ,   for the Swedish Apheresis Group
Published: September 2010

AbstractThe Swedish Apheresis Registry is a National Quality Registry and performing intercenter comparisons can be done as one task. The purpose of this study was to evaluate differences in adverse effects (AE) associated with plasma exchange (PE) for the development of best practice. Six hundred and twenty reports of AE related to a total of 12 461 apheresis procedures performed during 1996–2002 were analyzed, and eight Swedish university hospital centers that reported AE every year were compared. About 70% of all PE in Sweden were performed in centers that also reported AE. During this period, there was no change in the proportion of PE procedures with AE, but there was a decrease in the frequency of prematurely interrupted procedures (2.1% to 1.3%, P = 0.003). The mean frequency of moderate and severe AE was 5%. Adverse effects were more common when PE was performed in patients with Guillain–Barré syndrome (GBS; 10%) or thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura–hemolytic uremic syndrome (TTP–HUS; 8%) than in patients with macroglobulinemia/hyperviscosity syndromes (2%). In the eight centers, there was a four‐fold difference in AE between the centers with the highest and the lowest frequency. The frequency of AE in GBS, TTP–HUS and macroglobulinemia/hyperviscosity syndromes differed four‐fold, while the frequency of specified symptoms differed more than four‐fold. The indications and the choice of substitution fluids could explain some of these differences. The results of the study have initiated changes in practice. The identification of significant intercenter differences in the frequency and symptoms of AE has started improvement in current PE practices.
A Pilot Study of Leukocytapheresis Efficacy With 1.5 Liter Blood Processing Volume in Patients With Ulcerative Colitis
Authors: Shimada Masaaki , Iwase Hiroaki , Tsuzuki Tomoyuki , Hirashima Noboru , Kobayashi Kyoko , Hibino Yusuke , Watanabe Hisanori , Ryuge Nobumitsu , Ando Takafumi , Goto Hidemi , Yagi Yuhki , Tsujikawa Tomoyuki , Andoh Akira 
Published: September 2010

AbstractStandard leukocytapheresis (LCAP) protocols recommend the processing of a 3 L blood volume. In this study, we evaluated the clinical effects of LCAP with 1.5 L of blood processing (1.5L‐LCAP) in patients with active ulcerative colitis (UC). Ten patients with moderate to severe UC were enrolled. Their clinical and endoscopic responses, the kinetics of the peripheral blood counts and cytokine responses were evaluated. Clinical and endoscopic effects were assessed using the clinical activity index described by Rachmilewitz, and by Matts' endoscopic classification, respectively. The 1.5L‐LCAP induced clinical remission in 8 out of 10 patients (80%). Endoscopic improvement was noted in 6 out of 7 patients (85.7%). Prednisolone (PSL) was used in 8 patients; the PSL dose could be reduced in 6 patients, and weaning was possible in one patient. Adverse effects were not observed during 1.5L‐LCAP therapy. During the 1.5L‐LCAP session, the leukocyte count reached the minimum at 1.0 L of blood processing, but promptly increased after completion of the session, and reached a maximum after 30 min. Interleukin (IL)‐1β‐induced IL‐8 and IL‐6 secretion by peripheral blood mononuclear cells were both significantly reduced by 1.5L‐LCAP therapy. 1.5L‐LCAP was clinically effective for active UC patients. Cellular responses induced by 1.5L‐LCAP were similar to those induced by a standard LCAP session.