bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Automatic Classification of Harris Survey Questions: An Experiment in the Organization of Information
Authors: Dillon Martin 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThis article describes an ongoing project in the automatic classification of Louis Harris survey questions. The purpose of the project is to explore the feasibility of automatically organizing the questions in a form that can be usefully presented to researchers and to investigate the problems associated with automatic classification of natural language text. In general, the experiment reported here supports the belief that an important application of automatic classification is to transform an intractable mass of data into a structure suitable for further human processing.
Value‐Added Processes in the Information Life Cycle
Authors: Taylor Robert S. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractInformation systems are a series of formal processes by which the potential usefulness of a specific message being processed is enhanced, i.e., value is added. Energy, time, and money must be invested to change useless data to productive knowledge, a value‐added process. Because ultimately usefulness, i.e., the determination of value, must rest with the user, it is necessary to describe the environments from which problems arise which require information for resolution. From an understanding of these environments, we can develop a better sensitivity to the users' perceptions of their benefits and costs as they use information systems. The aim of this article is to develop a different way of looking at information systems in which the information use becomes the prime design factor rather than technology and content.
Untersuchungen über Reflexionsnebel am Palomar Sky Survey II. Statistische Bearbeitung
Authors: Dorschner J. , GürTLER J. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractAus der Hubble‐Beziehung für Reflexionsnebel im Palomar Sky Survey werden Schlüsse auf die Albedo des interstellaren Staubes gezogen. Die Verteilung an der Sphäre, die Größenverteilung der Reflexionsnebel und die Häufigkeit der Spektraltypen der beleuchtenden Sterne werden untersucht. Die theoretischen Berechnungen der wahren Größe und der Entdeckungswahrscheinlichkeit von Reflexionsnebeln stimmen gut mit den Beobachtungen überein. Bei den Reflexionsnebeln in der Orion‐Assoziation wird ein kosmogonischer Zusammenhang zwischen Stern und Staubwolke vermutet.
Der Lichtwechsel von TZ Persei, AH Herculis und EM Cygni
Authors: Beyer M. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractVisuelle Helligkeitsschätzungen der den U Geminorum‐Sternen und Novae verwandten eruptiven Veränderlichen TZ Per, AH Her und EM Cyg liefern recht aufschlußreiche Lichtkurven, die sich über fast 2 Jahrzehnte erstrecken und neben gemeinsamen Merkmalen auch charakteristische Unterschiede aufweisen. Ob die in der Art von CN Orionis etwas regelmäßiger und ohne gelegentliches Verweilen in einem bestimmten Normallicht wechselnden Veränderlichen HA Her und EM Cyg den Z Camelopardalis‐Sternen zugeordnet werden dürfen, erscheint zweifelhaft.
Sternbedeckungen durch den Mond 1966
Authors: Ahnert P. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractDas Jahr 1966 war in Sonneberg in bezug auf die nächtliche Bewölkung das ungünstigste seit vielen Jahren. Während in den Jahren 1960 bis 1965 durchschnittlich 24 Sternbedeckungen pro Jahr erfaßt werden konnten, waren es 1966 nur 12.
Observations of 5 Old Supernovae
Authors: Rudnicki K. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractAlte Filme des 45‐cm (18‐Zoll) Palomar‐Schmidt‐Teleskops der Supernovae 1937b (Z–24), 1937e (Z–28), 1940d (Z–37), 1941b (Z–40) und der Supernova von Frl. Klein (1938) wurden bearbeitet.
Contribution to the solution of the three‐body problem in power series form
Authors: Sconzo Pasquale 
Published: July 2010

AbstractAfter reviewing the existing procedures for solving the three‐body problem by convergent power series, the author develops two algebraic methods in terms of the independent variable which is either the time t or Levi‐Civita's regularizing variable u.These power series solve in Weierstrass' and Painlevé's sense the problem formulated in its greatest generality, since no restrictions at all are made on the order of magnitude of masses and none of the three bodies is restricted to moving along a prescribed conic section. Besides, the reference system used is a tridimensional Cartesian one. In the t‐domain, the expressions for the high‐order derivatives of the coordinates are computed using repeatedly Leibnitz's rule for derivatives of products of functions. In the u‐domain, an extremely simple successive approximation procedure is established by means of a single recursion formula which requires elementary operations to be performed on polynomials of increasing degrees.
Der Lichtwechsel von GM Cassiopeiae und KL Aquilae
Authors: Beyer M. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractObgleich die δ Cephei‐Sterne GM Cas und LK Aql ähnliche Perioden und Spektra haben, zeigen sie doch große Unterschiede im Ablauf ihres Lichtwechsels. Während KL Aql ziemlich gleichförmige und periodische Helligkeitschwankungen aufweist, zeigt die Lichtkurve des Sterns GM Cas von Epoche zu Epoche einen starken Wechsel in ihrer Gestalt, Höhe und Länge.
The brightness of the galactic radio loops at 1420 MHz: Some indications for the existence of Loops V and VI
Authors: Borka V. , Milogradov‐Turin J. , Urošević D. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractIn this article we use 1420 MHz data to demonstrate the likely reality of Galactic radio Loops V and VI. We further estimate distances and spectral indices for both these and the four main radio loops. In the cases of Loops I–IV, radio spectral indices are calculated from the mean brightnesses at 1420 and 820/404 MHz. The spectral indices of Loops V and VI are obtained from T –T plots between 1420 and 408 MHz. Using the supernova remnant (SNR) hypothesis for the origin of radio loops, distances are calculated from the surface brightnesses and the angular diameters at 1420 MHz. We also study how results for brightnesses and distances of radio loops agree with current theories of SNR evolution. For this purpose, the ambient density and initial explosion energy of the loops are discussed. We also discuss applications of different Σ–D relations. The results obtained confirm a non‐thermal origin and nearby locations for the Galactic radio loops. Therefore, we have indications that they are very old SNRs that evolve in low ambient densities, with high initial explosion energies. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Fast detection of chaotic behavior in galactic potentials
Authors: Karanis G.I. , Vozikis Ch.L. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractIn the present paper we apply a new method of distinction between ordered and chaotic motion in galactic potentials. The method uses the Fourier Transform of a series of time intervals each one representing the time that elapsed between two successive points on the Poincaré surface of section. Examples of the methods ability to achieve an early and clear detection of an orbit's behavior are provided using two galactic potentials. The new method can also be applied in order to have an early distinction between ordered and sticky orbits. The method is generalized in order to be used in models with more than two dimensions. Finally we have tried to find an one‐number index to give us the nature of the orbit instead of checking by eye the whole spectrum. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
A new period determination for the close PG1159 binary SDSS J212531.92–010745.9
Authors: Schuh S. , Traulsen I. , Nagel T. , Reiff E. , Homeier D. , Schwager H. , Kusterer D.‐J. , Lutz R. , Schreiber M.R. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractMethods to measure masses of PG1159 stars in order to test evolutionary scenarios are currently based on spectroscopic masses or asteroseismological mass determinations. One recently discovered PG1159 star in a close binary system may finally allow the first dynamical mass determination, which has so far been analysed on the basis of one SDSS spectrum and photometric monitoring. In order to be able to phase future radial velocity measurements of the system SDSS J212531.92–010745.9, we follow up on the photometric monitoring of this system to provide a solid observational basis for an improved orbital ephemeris determination. New white‐light time series of the brightness variation of SDSS J212531.92–010745.9 with the Tübingen 80 cm and Göttingen 50 cm telescopes extend the monitoring into a second season (2006), tripling the length of overall observational data available, and significantly increasing the time base covered. We give the ephemeris for the orbital motion of the system, based on a sine fit which now results in a period of 6.95573(5) h, and discuss the associated new amplitude determination in the context of the phased light curve variation profile. The accuracy of the ephemeris has been improved by more than one order of magnitude compared to that previously published for 2005 alone. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
The empirical upper limit for mass loss of cool main sequence stars
Authors: Lednicka A. , Stȩpień K. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThe knowledge of mass loss rates due to thermal winds in cool dwarfs is of crucial importance for modeling the evolution of physical parameters of main sequence single and binary stars. Very few, sometimes contradictory, measurements of such mass loss rates exist up to now. We present a new, independent method of measuring an amount of mass lost by a star during its past life. It is based on the comparison of the present mass distribution of solar type stars in an open cluster with the calculated distribution under an assumption that stars with masses lower than Mlim have lost an amount of mass equal to ΔM. The actual value of ΔM or its upper limit is found from the best fit. Analysis of four clusters: Pleiades, NGC 6996, Hyades and Praesepe gave upper limits for ΔM in three of them and the inconclusive result for Pleiades. The most restrictive limit was obtained for Praesepe indicating that the average mass loss rate of cool dwarfs in this cluster was lower than 6 × 10–11 M⊙/yr. With more accurate mass determinations of the solar type members of selected open clusters, including those of spectral type K, the method will provide more stringent limits for mass loss of cool dwarfs. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Modeling a Maunder minimum
Authors: Brandenburg A. , Spiegel E.A. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractWe introduce on/off intermittency into a mean field dynamo model by imposing stochastic fluctuations in either the alpha effect or through the inclusion of a fluctuating electromotive force. Sufficiently strong small scale fluctuations with time scales of the order of 0.3–3 years can produce long term variations in the system on time scales of the order of hundreds of years. However, global suppression of magnetic activity in both hemispheres at once was not observed. The variation of the magnetic field does not resemble that of the sunspot number, but is more reminiscent of the10Be record. The interpretation of our results focuses attention on the connection between the level of magnetic activity and the sunspot number, an issue that must be elucidated if long term solar effects are to be well understood. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Effects of 180 mT static magnetic fields on diabetic wound healing in rats
Authors: Jing Da , Shen Guanghao , Cai Jing , Li Feijiang , Huang Jinghui , Wang Yuqing , Xu Qiaoling , Tang Chi , Luo Erping 
Published: July 2010

AbstractDiabetic wound (DW) problems are becoming a formidable clinical challenge due to the sharp increase in the diabetic population and the high incidence of DW. Static magnetic field (SMF) therapy, an inexpensive and accessible noninvasive method, has been proven to be effective on various tissue repairs. However, the issue of the therapeutic effect of SMF on DW healing has never been investigated. The objective of this study was to systematically evaluate the effect of a 180 mT moderate‐intensity gradient SMF on DW healing in streptozotocin‐induced diabetic rats. Forty‐eight 3‐month‐old male Sprague–Dawley rats (32 diabetic and 16 non‐diabetic rats) were assigned to three equal groups: normal wound, DW, and DW + SMF groups. An open circular wound with 1.5 cm diameter was created in the dorsum. The wound was covered with a dressing and the magnet was fixed on top of the dressing. On days 5, 12, and 19, four rats of each group were euthanized and gross wound area, histology and tensile strength were evaluated. The wound area determination suggested that SMF significantly increased the healing rate and reduced the gross healing time. This result was further confirmed by histological observations. The wound tensile strength, reflecting the amount and quality of collagen deposition, increased to a larger extent in the DW + SMF group on days 12 and 19 compared with the DW group. The results indicated that 180 mT SMF presented a beneficial effect on DW healing, and implied the clinical potential of SMF therapy in accelerating DW repair and releasing the psychological and physical burdens of diabetic patients. Bioelectromagnetics 31:640–648, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Effects of 50‐Hz magnetic field exposure on hormone secretion and apoptosis‐related gene expression in human first trimester villous trophoblasts in vitro
Authors: Sun Wenjun , Tan Qiu , Pan Yongmiao , Fu Yiti , Sun Huilan , Chiang Huai 
Published: July 2010

AbstractEvidence from epidemiological and animal studies showed that exposure to extremely low frequency magnetic fields (ELF‐MF) could produce deleterious effects on reproduction. In order to investigate the possible mechanism of MF exposure on reproductive effects, first trimester human chorionic villi at 8–10 weeks' gestation were obtained, and trophoblasts were isolated, cultured, and exposed to a 50‐Hz MF for different durations. The human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) and progesterone in the culture medium was measured by electrochemiluminescence immunoassay. The mRNA levels of apoptosis‐related genes bcl‐2, bax, caspase‐3, p53, and fas in trophoblasts were analyzed using real‐time RT‐PCR. The results showed that exposure of trophoblasts to MF at 0.2 mT for 72 h did not affect secretion of hCG and progesterone from these cells. There was also no significant change in secretion of these hormones when trophoblasts were exposed to a 0.4 mT MF for 48 h. However, MF significantly inhibited hCG and progesterone secretion of trophoblasts after exposure for 72 h at 0.4 mT. Results of apoptosis‐related gene expression analysis showed that, within 72 h of exposure at 0.4 mT, there was no significant difference between MF exposure and control on the expression pattern of each gene. Based on results of the present experiment, it is suggested that exposure to MF for a longer duration (72 h) could inhibit secretion of hCG and progesterone by human first trimester villous trophoblasts, however, the effect might not be related to trophoblast apoptosis. Bioelectromagnetics 31:566–572, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Physiological effects of resveratrol
Authors: Kalantari Heibatullah , Das Dipak K. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractResveratrol is naturally present in certain fruits and vegetables including grape skins and especially in red wine. Similar to red wine, resveratrol possesses diverse biochemical and physiological properties including anti‐inflammatory and immunomulatory activities as well as wide range of health benefits ranging from chemoprevention to cardioprotection. Recent studies implicated that resveratrol also possesses antiaging properties. The present review describes some of the important physiological properties of resveratrol that accounts for its diverse physiological actions.
Role of mitochondrial ion channels in cell death
Authors: Ryu Shin‐Young , Peixoto Pablo M. , Teijido Oscar , Dejean Laurent M. , Kinnally Kathleen W. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractIon channels located in the outer and inner mitochondrial membranes are key regulators of cellular signaling for life and death. Permeabilization of mitochondrial membranes is one of the most critical steps in the progression of several cell death pathways. The mitochondrial apoptosis‐induced channel (MAC) and the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) play major roles in these processes. Here, the most recent progress and current perspectives about the roles of MAC and mPTP in mitochondrial membrane permeabilization during cell death are presented. The crosstalk signaling of MAC and mPTP formation/activation mediated by cytosolic Ca2+ signaling, Bcl‐2 family proteins, and other mitochondrial ion channels is also discussed. Understanding the mechanisms that regulate opening and closing of MAC and mPTP has revealed new therapeutic targets that potentially could control cell death in pathologies such as cancer, ischemia/reperfusion injuries, and neurodegenerative diseases.
Alleviation of doxorubicin‐induced toxicities by anthocyanin‐rich bilberry (Vaccinium myrtillus L.) extract in rats and mice
Authors: Choi Eun Hye , Park Jae Hwan , Kim Mi Kyung , Chun Hyang Sook 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThe objective of this study was to investigate the effects of anthocyanin‐rich bilberry extract (BE) with highly antioxidative potential against doxorubicin (Dox)‐induced toxicity in rat and mouse models. Sprague‐Dawley rats treated with Dox (15 mg/kg intraperitoneally) showed marked body weight loss, increased abdominal ascites and serum glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (GOT) level, serum and cardiac lipid peroxidation, myocardial histopathological damage, and depletion of cardiac glutathione (GSH). Dietary supplementation with 1% BE significantly reduced serum lipid peroxidation and increased cardiac creatine phosphokinase activity and total GSH level compared with the levels in the Dox control rats (P < 0.05). Serum GOT and cardiac lipid peroxide levels did not change significantly after BE treatment. Morphologic examination revealed that Dox‐induced myocardial damage was also significantly suppressed in rats fed with the 1% BE diet. Oral administration of 500 mg/kg of BE for 10 days to mice treated with Dox (10 mg/kg) partially restored the Dox‐induced changes by increasing red blood cell and bone marrow cell counts, and hemoglobin level. Although the protective effects of BE were insufficient to completely counteract the toxic effects of Dox, these results suggest that BE supplementation provides moderate protection against Dox‐induced cardiac and hematopoietic damage.
Human tongue neuroanatomy: Nerve supply and motor endplates
Authors: Mu Liancai , Sanders Ira 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThe human tongue has a critical role in speech, swallowing, and respiration, however, its motor control is poorly understood. Fundamental gaps include detailed information on the course of the hypoglossal (XII) nerve within the tongue, the branches of the XII nerve within each tongue muscle, and the type and arrangement of motor endplates (MEP) within each muscle. In this study, five adult human tongues were processed with Sihler's stain, a whole‐mount nerve staining technique, to map out the entire intra‐lingual course of the XII nerve and its branches. An additional five specimens were microdissected into individual muscles and stained with acetylcholinesterase and silver staining to study their MEP morphology and banding patterns. Using these techniques the course of the entire XII nerve was mapped from the main nerve to the smallest intramuscular branches. It was found that the human tongue innervation is extremely dense and complex. Although the basic mammalian pattern of XII is conserved in humans, there are notable differences. In addition, many muscle fibers contained multiple en grappe MEP, suggesting that they are some variant of the highly specialized slow tonic muscle fiber type. The transverse muscle group that comprises the core of the tongue appears to have the most complex innervation and has the highest percentage of en grappe MEP. In summary, the innervation of the human tongue has specializations not reported in other mammalian tongues, including nonhuman primates. These specializations appear to allow for fine motor control of tongue shape. Clin. Anat. 23:777–791, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Accessory bands of the hamstring tendons: A clinical anatomical study
Authors: Yasin M.N. , Charalambous C.P. , Mills S.P. , Phaltankar P.M. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractGracilis and semitendinosus tendons are commonly used as grafts in ligamentous reconstruction. Awareness of accessory bands of these tendons is essential in preventing inadvertent diversion of the tendon harvester into the main tendon resulting in premature tendon amputation and inadequate tendon graft. The aim of this study was to describe the characteristics of these accessory bands. Twenty five patients undergoing arthroscopic anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction using hamstring tendons were included. The number of accessory bands and distance of the most proximal band from the distal periosteal insertion point on the tibial crest was recorded for both gracilis and semitendinosus. In most cases gracilis had two accessory bands; the average distance of the most proximal band from the tibial crest insertion being 5.1 cm. Semitendinosus had three bands in most cases, the average distance of the most proximal band from the tibial crest insertion being 8.1 cm. Five (20%) semitendinosus but no gracilis tendons had an accessory band originating greater than 10 cm from the tibial crest insertion. Semitendinosus had more accessory bands compared to gracilis. A significant proportion (20%) of semitendinosus and none of the gracilis tendons had bands originating greater than 10 cm proximal to the tibial crest insertion. This knowledge about the accessory bands of the hamstrings can guide toward safe harvesting of these tendons. Clin. Anat. 23:862–865, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A set of computer aided automatic control experiments for undergraduate students
Authors: Buğday Yusuf , Efe Mehmet Önder 
Published: July 2010

AbstractIn a typical control systems course, students are expected to develop the notion of open loop and closed loop first. Under the feedback, traditional control theory offers many elegant solutions to control problems yet teaching those concepts experimentally is an art. This article describes how the notion of feedback control could be developed by utilizing a computer aided experimental setup available at the laboratories of TOBB University of Economics and Technology. A DC motor control system is considered and step by step development of the understanding of feedback control is explained. Didactic aspect is taken care of throughout the manuscript and extensions to research are emphasized. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Comput Appl Eng Educ 21: 300–312, 2013
In Vivo Efficacy of Natural Product‐Inspired Irreversible Kinase Inhibitors
Authors: Barluenga Sofia , Jogireddy Rajamalleswaramma , Koripelly Girish K. , Winssinger Nicolas 
Published: July 2010

AbstractHypothemycin and related resorcylic acid lactones (RAL) bearing a cis‐enone moiety have emerged as an alternative pharmacophore to heterocyclic motifs for kinase inhibition, and are endowed with a unique selectivity filter based on the irreversible reaction with a subset of the kinome bearing a suitably positioned cysteine residue. Two prototypical examples of “edited” RAL were evaluated for antitumoral, antimetastatic and antiangiogenic efficacy in an orthotopic murine renal cell carcinoma (RENCA) model. Both compounds (3 and 5) are good inhibitors of VEGFRs in vitro, and inhibited tumor growth in vivo with comparable efficacy to sunitinib, an FDA‐approved VEGFRs inhibitor. Compound 3 promoted lung metastasis to a similar extent as sunitinib, while compound 5 strongly inhibited lung metastasis. This study attests to the potential of irreversible kinase inhibitors and molecular editing of natural pharmacophores and provides encouraging results to a clinically significant problem.