bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Serum olfactomedin 4 (GW112, hGC‐1) in combination with Reg IV is a highly sensitive biomarker for gastric cancer patients
Authors: Oue Naohide , Sentani Kazuhiro , Noguchi Tsuyoshi , Ohara Shinya , Sakamoto Naoya , Hayashi Tetsutaro , Anami Katsuhiro , Motoshita Junichi , Ito Masanori , Tanaka Shinji , Yoshida Kazuhiro , Yasui Wataru 
Published: June 2009

AbstractGastric cancer (GC) is 1 of the most common human cancers. Early detection remains the most promising approach to improving long‐term survival of patients with GC. We previously performed Serial Analysis of Gene Expression (SAGE) on 4 primary GCs and identified several GC‐specific genes including Reg IV. Of these genes, olfactomedin 4 (OLFM4, also known as GW112 or hGC‐1) is a candidate gene for cancer‐specific expression. In this study, we examined the expression of olfactomedin 4 in human GC by immunohistochemistry. We also assessed serum olfactomedin 4 levels in GC patients by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. 94 (56%) of 167 GC cases were positive for olfactomedin 4 by immunostaining. Olfactomedin 4 staining was observed more frequently in stage I/II cases than in stage III/IV cases. The serum olfactomedin 4 concentration in presurgical GC patients (n = 123, mean ± SE, 36.3 ± 3.5 ng/mL) was significantly higher than that in healthy individuals (n = 76, 16.6 ± 1.6 ng/mL). In patients with stage I GC, the sensitivity of serum olfactomedin 4 (25%) and Reg IV (35%) was superior to that of CA19‐9 (5%) or CEA (3%). Furthermore, in patients with stage I GC, the combination of olfactomedin 4 and Reg IV elevated the diagnostic sensitivity to 52%. These results suggest that serum olfactomedin 4 is a useful marker for GC and its measurement alone or in combination with Reg IV has utility in the early detection of GC. © 2009 UICC
Integrated agricultural risk management in way Jepara irrigation area of Indonesia
Authors: Kansal M. L. , Suwarno I. Nyoman 
Published: June 2009

AbstractAgriculture remains the dominant sector in most of the developing countries including Indonesia, but it has always been a risky business as it is subject to the vagaries of both nature and humans. The concept of integrated risk management seems to be a useful approach to manage agricultural risks. There are five steps in risk management, i.e. risk identification, risk assessment, decision making under risk and uncertainty, implementation of the method of risk management and monitoring. These processes may need a combination of knowledge, experts, tools and methods, and thus an integrated approach is desired. In this study, a case study of Way Jepara irrigation area of Indonesia is discussed to show the implementation of the concept of integrated risk management to manage agricultural risk. From a risk identification process, the agricultural risks in the study area are identified. During risk assessment, each risk is quantified for its magnitude, probability or both. Based on the risk assessment results, a course of actions are suggested to mitigate the effect of risks. Both technical and non‐technical measures including the implementation of crop insurance are suggested to be used as methods of risk management. All of the recommended methods are recommended to be evaluated through a monitoring process. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Development and application of a simplified sample preparation method for determination of TEGDMA and related metabolites
Authors: Seiss Mario , Oxynos Antonia , Hickel Reinhard , Reichl Franz X. 
Published: June 2009

AbstractAnalysis of biological samples obtained from in vivo experiments can be often challenging. In general it is not possible to apply the commonly used matrices that are necessary for the experiments to the desired analysis systems without further conditioning or sample purification steps. Besides possible adverse effects for instruments, interference between analytes and matrices can affect the correct measurement of analytes. Different methods of sample preparation can be used to convert biological samples into samples suitable for analysis; SPE and HS‐SPME are two well established methods. Research of in vivo metabolism of triethyleneglycoledimethacrylate (TEGDMA), one of the most frequently contained comonomer in dental restorative materials, demands sample preparation methods that offer separation of TEGDMA and its related metabolites from biological matrices. In the presented study two methods for sample preparation were developed in order to analyze TEGDMA as well as its metabolites triethyleneglycole (TEG), 2,3‐epoxymethacrylicacid methylester (2,3‐EMME), and methacrylacid methylester (MAME) in Krebs‐Henseleit buffer samples to facilitate a subsequent analysis via GC‐MS. An easy and time‐saving separation protocol was developed. Recovery rates of TEGDMA and TEG after SPE were 21 ± 3% and 105 ± 12%, respectively, recovery rate after headspace extraction of 2,3‐EMME and MAME was higher at 48°C compared with 20°C extraction temperature. The tested range for 2,3‐EMME and MAME concentration after HS‐SPME extraction was 0.1–100 mg/L and both analytes showed a good linearity. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2009
Downregulation of gap junction expression and function by endoplasmic reticulum stress
Authors: Huang Tao , Wan Yigang , Zhu Ying , Fang Xin , Hiramatsu Nobuhiko , Hayakawa Konihiro , Paton Adrienne W. , Paton James C. , Kitamura Masanori , Yao Jian 
Published: June 2009

AbstractGap junctional intercellular communication (GJIC) plays a critical role in the control of multiple cell behavior as well as in the maintenance of tissue and organ homeostasis. However, mechanisms involved in the regulation of gap junctions (GJs) have not been fully understood. Given endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and dysfunction of GJs coexist in several pathological situations, we asked whether GJs could be regulated by ER stress. Incubation of mesangial cells with ER stress‐inducing agents (thapsigargin, tunicamycin, and AB5 subtilase cytotoxin) resulted in a decrease in connexin 43 (Cx43) expression at both protein and mRNA levels. This was accompanied by a loss of GJIC, as evidenced by the reduced numbers of dye‐coupled cells after single cell microinjection or scrape loading dye transfer. Further studies demonstrated that ER stress significantly inhibited the promoter activity of the Cx43 gene, reduced [35S]‐methionine incorporation into Cx43 protein and accelerated degradation of Cx43. ER stress also decreased the Cx43 protein levels in several different cell types, including human umbilical vein endothelial cells, mouse‐derived renin‐secreting cells and human hepatoma cells. Furthermore, induction of ER stress by hypoxic chemicals thenoyltrifluoroacetone and cobalt chloride was found to be associated with a reduction in Cx43. Our findings thus reveal a close link between ER stress and GJs. ER stress may represent a novel mechanism underlying the altered GJs in a variety of pathological situations. J. Cell. Biochem. 107: 973–983, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Differences in fat and muscle mass associated with a functional human polymorphism in a post‐transcriptional BMP2 gene regulatory element
Authors: Devaney Joseph M. , Tosi Laura L. , Fritz David T. , Gordish‐Dressman Heather A. , Jiang Shan , Orkunoglu‐Suer Funda E. , Gordon Andrew H. , Harmon Brennan T. , Thompson Paul D. , Clarkson Priscilla M. , Angelopoulos Theodore J. , Gordon Paul M. , Moyna Niall M. , Pescatello Linda S. , Visich Paul S. , Zoeller Robert F. , Brandoli Cinzia , Hoffman Eric P. , Rogers Melissa B. 
Published: June 2009

AbstractA classic morphogen, bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2) regulates the differentiation of pluripotent mesenchymal cells. High BMP2 levels promote osteogenesis or chondrogenesis and low levels promote adipogenesis. BMP2 inhibits myogenesis. Thus, BMP2 synthesis is tightly controlled. Several hundred nucleotides within the 3′ untranslated regions of BMP2 genes are conserved from mammals to fishes indicating that the region is under stringent selective pressure. Our analyses indicate that this region controls BMP2 synthesis by post‐transcriptional mechanisms. A common A to C single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the BMP2 gene (rs15705, +A1123C) disrupts a putative post‐transcriptional regulatory motif within the human ultra‐conserved sequence. In vitro studies indicate that RNAs bearing the A or C alleles have different protein binding characteristics in extracts from mesenchymal cells. Reporter genes with the C allele of the ultra‐conserved sequence were differentially expressed in mesenchymal cells. Finally, we analyzed MRI data from the upper arm of 517 healthy individuals aged 18–41 years. Individuals with the C/C genotype were associated with lower baseline subcutaneous fat volumes (P = 0.0030) and an increased gain in skeletal muscle volume (P = 0.0060) following resistance training in a cohort of young males. The rs15705 SNP explained 2–4% of inter‐individual variability in the measured parameters. The rs15705 variant is one of the first genetic markers that may be exploited to facilitate early diagnosis, treatment, and/or prevention of diseases associated with poor fitness. Furthermore, understanding the mechanisms by which regulatory polymorphisms influence BMP2 synthesis will reveal novel pharmaceutical targets for these disabling conditions. J. Cell. Biochem. 107: 1073–1082, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Bone sialoprotein stimulates focal adhesion‐related signaling pathways: Role in migration and survival of breast and prostate cancer cells
Authors: Gordon Jonathan A.R. , Sodek Jaro , Hunter Graeme K. , Goldberg Harvey A. 
Published: June 2009

AbstractBone sialoprotein (BSP) is a secreted glycoprotein found in mineralized tissues however, BSP is aberrantly expressed in a variety of osteotropic tumors. Elevated BSP expression in breast and prostate primary carcinomas is directly correlated with increased bone metastases and tumor progression. In this study, the intracellular signaling pathways responsible for BSP‐induced migration and tumor survival were examined in breast and prostate cancer cells (MDA‐MB‐231, Hs578T and PC3). Additionally, the effects of exogenous TGF‐β1 and EGF, cytokines associated with tumor metastasis and present in high‐levels in the bone microenvironment, were examined in BSP‐expressing cancer cells. Expression of BSP but not an integrin‐binding mutant (BSP‐KAE) in tumor cell lines resulted in increased levels of αv‐containing integrins and number of mature focal adhesions. Adhesion of cells to recombinant BSP or the expression of BSP stimulated focal adhesion kinase and ERK phosphorylation, as well as activated AP‐1‐family proteins. Activation of these pathways by BSP expression increased the expression of the matrix metalloproteinases MMP‐2, MMP‐9, and MMP‐14. The BSP‐mediated activation of the FAK‐associated pathway resulted in increased cancer cell invasion in a Matrigel‐coated Boyden‐chamber assay and increased cell survival upon withdrawal of serum. Addition of EGF or TGF‐β1 to the BSP‐expressing cell lines significantly increased ERK phosphorylation, AP‐1 activation, MMP‐2 expression, cell migration and survival compared to untreated cells expressing BSP. This study thus defines the cooperative mechanisms by which BSP can enhance specific factors associated with a metastatic phenotype in tumor cell lines, an effect that is increased by circulating TGF‐β1 and EGF. J. Cell. Biochem. 107: 1118–1128, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Complete triangulations of a given order generated from a multitude of nonisomorphic cubic graphs by current assignments
Authors: Korzhik Vladimir P. 
Published: June 2009

AbstractIt is known that for all sufficiently large s, there are at least \documentclass{article}\footskip=0pc\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$(\frac{5}{3})$\end{document}2s nonequivalent graceful labellings of the path on 2s + 1 vertices. Using this result, we construct exponentially many index one current graphs with current group ℤ12s + 7 such that many of the current graphs have different underlying graphs. The constructed current graphs for all sufficiently large sgenerate at least 30s nonisomorphic triangular embeddings of K12s + 7. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Graph Theory 61: 324–334, 2009
Vertex‐pancyclicity of hypertournaments
Authors: Yang Jed 
Published: June 2009

AbstractA hypertournament or a k‐tournament, on n vertices, 2≤k≤n, is a pair T=(V, E), where the vertex set V is a set of size n and the edge set E is the collection of all possible subsets of size k of V, called the edges, each taken in one of its k! possible permutations. A k‐tournament is pancyclic if there exists (directed) cycles of all possible lengths; it is vertex‐pancyclic if moreover the cycles can be found through any vertex. A k‐tournament is strong if there is a path from u to v for each pair of distinct vertices u and v. A question posed by Gutin and Yeo about the characterization of pancyclic and vertex‐pancyclic hypertournaments is examined in this article. We extend Moon's Theorem for tournaments to hypertournaments. We prove that if k≥8 and n≥k + 3, then a k‐tournament on n vertices is vertex‐pancyclic if and only if it is strong. Similar results hold for other values of k. We also show that when n≥7, k≥4, and n≥k + 2, a strong k‐tournament on n vertices is pancyclic if and only if it is strong. The bound n≥k+ 2 is tight. We also find bounds for the generalized problem when we extend vertex‐pancyclicity to require d edge‐disjoint cycles of each possible length and extend strong connectivity to require d edge‐disjoint paths between each pair of vertices. Our results include and extend those of Petrovic and Thomassen. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Graph Theory 63: 338–348, 2010
Evidence for long‐term regional changes in precipitation on the East Coast Mountains in Mauritius
Authors: Senapathi Deepa , Underwood Fiona , Black Emily , Nicoll Malcolm A. C. , Norris Ken 
Published: June 2009

AbstractGlobal climate change and its impacts are being increasingly studied and precipitation trends are one of the measures of quantifying climate change especially in the tropics. This study uses daily rainfall data to determine if there are changes in the long‐term trends in rainfall variability in the East Coast Mountains of Mauritius during the last few decades, and to investigate the factors influencing the trends in the inter‐annual to inter‐decadal rainfall variability. Statistical modelling has been used to investigate the trends in total seasonal rainfall, the number of rain days and the mean amount of rain per rainy days and the local, regional and large‐scale factors that affect them on inter‐annual to inter‐decadal time scales. The strongest inter‐decadal trend was found in the number of rain days for both rainfall seasons, and the other variables were found to have weak or insignificant trends. Both local factors, such as the surrounding sea surface temperatures and large‐scale phenomena such as Indian Monsoon and the El Niño Southern Oscillation were found to influence rainfall patterns. Copyright © 2009 Royal Meteorological Society
Biomechanical modeling of acetabular component polyethylene stresses, fracture risk, and wear rate following press‐fit implantation
Authors: Ong Kevin L. , Rundell Steve , Liepins Imants , Laurent Ryan , Markel David , Kurtz Steven M. 
Published: June 2009

AbstractPress‐fit implantation may result in acetabular component deformation between the ischial‐ilial columns (“pinching”). The biomechanical and clinical consequences of liner pinching due to press‐fit implantation have not been well studied. We compared the effects of pinching on the polyethylene fracture risk, potential wear rate, and stresses for two different thickness liners using computational methods. Line‐to‐line (“no pinch”) reaming and 2 mm underreaming press fit (“pinch”) conditions were examined for Trident cups with X3™ polyethylene liner wall thicknesses of 5.9 mm (36E) and 3.8 mm (40E). Press‐fit cup deformations were measured from a foam block configuration. A hybrid material model, calibrated to experimentally determined stress–strain behavior of sequentially annealed polyethylene, was applied to the computational model. Molecular chain stretch did not exceed the fracture threshold in any cases. Nominal shell pinch of 0.28 mm was estimated to increase the volumetric wear rate by 70% for both cups and peak contact stresses by 140 and 170% for the 5.9 and 3.8 mm‐thick liners, respectively. Although pinching increases liner stresses, polyethylene fracture is highly unlikely, and the volumetric wear rates are likely to be low compared to conventional polyethylene. © 2009 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 27:1467–1472, 2009
Elcatonin injections suppress systemic bone resorption without affecting cortical bone regeneration after drill‐hole injuries in mice
Authors: Katae Yuji , Tanaka Shinya , Sakai Akinori , Nagashima Masato , Hirasawa Hideyuki , Nakamura Toshitaka 
Published: June 2009

AbstractIt is assumed that there are systemic changes in mineral metabolism during fracture healing that may cause a predisposition to sequential fractures in osteoporotic patients who suffered from previous fractures. Initial therapies for patients with osteoporotic fractures are important to prevent disabilities in daily life consequent to bone and muscle atrophies, and sequential fractures, although systemic and local bone metabolism during fracture healing have not been well understood. We evaluated the effects of bone injury and elcatonin injection as an initial therapy on systemic and local bone turnover and bone wound healing. Two drill holes were made in the diaphysis of the left femur and tibia of 12‐week‐old male C57BL/6J mice. They were treated with three doses of elcatonin or a vehicle thrice a week until the end of the 28‐day experiment. Urinary crosslinked C‐telopeptide of type I collagen (CTX) increased and the bone mineral densities (BMDs) in the lumbar vertebrae decreased in the vehicle‐treated mice. Elcatonin injection prevented increases in urinary CTX and reduction of the BMDs. In the noninjured femoral metaphysis, osteoclast surface increased until day 28, whereas elcatonin suppressed it. In the fracture site, elcatonin facilitated osteoblast proliferation and did not delay the healing of the bone defect. Bone injuries accelerated bone turnover systemically and locally, and the elcatonin injections suppressed the systemic acceleration of bone resorption without a delay of filling regenerated cortical bone in the bone defect. © 2009 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 27:1652–1658, 2009
FT‐IR, FT‐Raman and SERS spectra of anilinium sulfate
Authors: Anto P. L. , Anto R. J. , Varghese H. T. , Panicker C. Y. , Philip D. , Brolo A. G. 
Published: June 2009

AbstractThe FT‐IR and FT‐Raman spectra of anilinium sulfate were recorded and analyzed. The surface‐enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) was recorded from a silver electrode. The vibrational wavenumbers of the compound have been computed using the Hartree‐Fock/6‐31G* basis and compared with the experimental values. The molecule is adsorbed on the silver surface with the benzene ring in a tilted orientation. The presence of amino and sulfate group vibrations in the SERS spectrum reveal the interaction between amino and sulfate groups with the silver surface. The direction of the charge transfer contribution to SERS has been discussed from the frontier orbital theory. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Direct visual evidence for chemical mechanisms of SERRS via charge transfer in Au20–pyrazine–Au20 junction
Authors: Sun Mengtao , Li Zhipeng , Liu Yajun , Xu Hongxing 
Published: June 2009

AbstractThe essence of the chemical mechanism for surface‐enhanced resonance Raman scattering (SERRS) is the charge transfer (CT) between the metal and the molecule at the resonant electronic transition, which results in the mode‐selective enhancement in the SERRS spectrum. The site‐orientated CT can directly interpret the mode‐selective chemical enhancement in SERRS. However, it is a great challenge to intutively visualize the orientation and site of the CT. In this paper, for the pyrazine–Au2 complex, a three‐dimensional (3D) cubic representation is built to provide direct visual evidence for chemical mechanisms of SERRS via CT from the Au2 cluster to pyrazine at the resonant electronic transition. The relationship between the mode‐selective enhancements in SERRS and the site‐orientated CT was clearly revealed. The intracluster excitation (analog of plasmon excitation in large naonoparticles) was also visualized by the 3D cubic presentation, which provided the direct evidence of local electromagnetic field enhancement of SERRS. To study the quantum size effect and the coupling effect of the nanoparticles, the photoexcitation mechanisms of the Au20–pyrazine complex and the Au20–pyrazine–Au20 junction were also investigated. The tunneling charge transfer from one Au20 cluster to another Au20 cluster outside the pyrazine in Au20–pyrazine–Au20 junction was also revealed visually. The calculated normalized extinction spectra of Au nanoparticles using the generalized Mie theory reveal that the resonance peak is red‐shifted due to the coupling between particles. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Raman spectroscopic study of the antimonate mineral bahianite Al5Sb35+O14(OH)2
Authors: Frost Ray L. , Bahfenne Silmarilly 
Published: June 2009

AbstractRaman spectroscopy has been used to characterize the antimonate mineral bahianite Al5Sb35+O14(OH)2, a semi‐precious gemstone. The mineral is characterized by an intense Raman band at 818 cm−1 assigned to Sb3O1413− stretching vibrations. Other lower intensity bands at 843 and 856 cm−1 are also assigned to this vibration, and this concept suggests the non‐equivalence of SbO units in the structure. Low‐intensity Raman bands at 669 and 682 cm−1 are probably assignable to the OSbO antisymmetric stretching vibrations. Raman bands at 1756, 1808 and 1929 cm−1 may be assigned to δ SbOH deformation modes, while the bands at 3462 and 3495 cm−1 are assigned to AlOH stretching vibrations. The complexity in the low wave number region is attributed to the composition of the mineral. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Nanosilicon photonics
Authors: Daldosso N. , Pavesi L. 
Published: June 2009

AbstractSilicon photonics is no longer an emerging field of research and technology but a present reality with commercial products available on the market, where low‐dimensional silicon (nanosilicon or nano‐Si) can play a fundamental role. After a brief history of the field, the optical properties of silicon reduced to nanometric dimensions are introduced. The use of nano‐Si, in the form of Si nanocrystals, in the main building blocks of silicon photonics (waveguides, modulators, sources and detectors) is reviewed and discussed. Recent advances of nano‐Si devices such as waveguides, optical resonators (linear, rings, and disks) are treated. Emphasis is placed on the visible optical gain properties of nano‐Si and to the sensitization effect on Er ions to achieve infrared light amplification. The possibility of electrical injection in light‐emitting diodes is presented as well as the recent attempts to exploit nano‐Si for solar cells. In addition, nonlinear optical effects that will enable fast all‐optical switches are described.