bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Free 25(Oh)d3 Levels in Follicular Ovarian Fluid Top Quality Embryo is Higher Than Non- Top Quality Embryo in Normoresponders Group
Authors: Susilo Artha Falentin Putri , Syam Hanom Husni , Bayuaji Hartanto , Rachmawati Anita , Halim Binarwan , Permadi Wiryawan , Djuwantono Tono 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Introduction:
Vitamin D and calcium in follicular fluid play essential roles in modulating steroidogenesis, folliculogenesis, and oocyte quality determination. Both collaborate to produce high-quality embryos (TQE) during in vitro fertilization. This study aimed to compare free 25(OH)D3 and calcium levels in follicular fluid between TQE and non-TQE groups (non-TQE).
Methods
This cross-sectional study included women who underwent IVF (In Vitro Fertilization) procedures at tertiary hospitals in Bandung, Indonesia. Ovarian follicular fluid was collected during the ovum pick-up procedure. Examination of 25(OH)D3 levels, vitamin D-binding protein and calcium in the follicles was performed using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Free 25(OH)D3 levels were calculated using a method of Vermeulen formula.
Results
A total of 173 samples, consisting of 86 subjects in the TQE group and 87 subjects in the non-TQE group, met the study criteria. There was a significant difference in free 25(OH)D3 follicular fluid levels between the TQE and non-TQE groups (p = 0,017), there was no significant difference in calcium levels between the two groups (p = 0,805). This study also revealed that there was a significant association between free 25(OH)D3 follicular fluid level and embryo quality (OR 3.05, 95% CI, 1.46–6.38; p value = 0.002), but there was no significant association between follicular fluid calcium and embryo quality (p = 0.144 and OR, 1.74 (95% CI 0.82–3.68)).
Conclusion
These circumstances allow free 25(OH)D3 and calcium in the follicular fluid to act independently in the processes of steroidogenesis, folliculogenesis, and fertilization.
Choice History Biases in Dyadic Decision-Making
Authors: Huang Ann , Pink Mathis , Zemliak Viktoria , Czeszumski Artur , König Peter 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

How do we interact with our environment and make decisions about the world around us? Empirical research using psychophysical tasks has demonstrated that our perceptual decisions are influenced by past choices, a phenomenon known as the “choice history bias” effect. This decision-making process suggests that the brain adapts to environmental uncertainties based on history. However, the use of single-subject experiment task design is prevalent across the work on choice history bias, thus limiting the implications of the empirical evidence to individual decisions. Here, we explore the choice history bias effect using a dual-participant approach, where dyads perform a shared perceptual decision-making task. We first consider two extreme hypotheses: the participant either treats his/her partner’s decision as his/her own or simply ignores the partner’s decision. We then use a statistical modeling approach to fit generalized linear models to the choice data in a series of steps. Our best-fitting model suggests the participant has a choice repetition bias that spans several trials in the past, compatible with previous single-participant studies. Yet, there is also a dyadic influence on decision-making where both the participant’s own and partner’s last responses indicated a choice alternation bias. The results reject the hypothesis that the participant ignores the partner’s decision, in line with the idea that perceptual decision-making is not solely an individualistic decision process, though the partners’ decisions are treated differently from their own decisions.
Pharmacy Approach to Early Detection of Diabetes through Opportunistic Screening in Rural Australia
Authors: Osuagwu Uchechukwu Levi , Wilson Ross , Agho Kingsley , Simmons David , Buck-Reed Krista , John Eme , Sethi Siddarth , Denyer-Simmons Peter 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background
Early screening and identification of diabetes is crucial, particularly in underserved rural communities lacking access to specialised care. Presently, T2DM affects approximately 1.2 million Australians, with a daily diagnosis rate of around 125 individuals. Knowledge of diabetes is the first step in confronting this silent epidemic. Alarmingly, up to 500,000 individuals unknowingly live with undiagnosed T2DM. This study, situated in Bathurst, seeks to assess the diabetes knowledge of its residents, recognising the urgent need for improved awareness. By addressing knowledge gaps, health authorities can tailor interventions to this context, fostering proactive community health management and positively impacting outcomes.
Methods
Over five months, 95 participants underwent a diabetes knowledge test as part of a pharmacy-led screening project. The survey covered key aspects: general knowledge of diabetes (5 items), complications (6 items), diet (8 items), lifestyle (4 items), symptoms (4 items) and risk factors of diabetes (4 items). Data on demography, lifestyle and medical history were also collected. Correct responses were allocated one point, with a cumulative maximum score of 31. Data were analysed using nonparametric tests.
Results
Demographic analysis highlighted older (≥ 55 years; 62, 65%), female (50, 53%) and Australian-born (90, 94%) participants as significant cohorts. Median DKT score of all the participants was 22 (IQR: 3) with 50% of the scores falling within the range of 20–23. Those not taking blood pressure medication (57, 60%) showed significantly higher knowledge scores (6.0, p = 0.03; median = 6; IQR = 1). Having at least 2.5hrs of physical activity daily correlated with higher scores in diabetes complications awareness, participants with high blood glucose had higher scores in the general knowledge (4.13, p = 0.009; median = 4; IQR = 0.5), and lifestyle (2.47, p = 0.013; median = 2; IQR = 0.5 domains, emphasizing the link between personal health status and diabetes awareness.
Conclusions
This study demonstrated that substantial knowledge gaps in diabetes knowledge exist in the Central West of NSW. Tailoring interventions for older individuals, emphasising physical activity, and targeting those with high blood glucose levels can effectively address these disparities. The findings provide a foundation for nuanced strategies to enhance diabetes awareness in regional settings, empowering communities for proactive health management and positive health outcomes.
Study on the association of oxidized abnormal lipids oxLDL and oxHDL with comorbidity of type 2 diabetes and pulmonary tuberculosis
Authors: Gui Jing , Wang Feng , Hong Chuang-Yue , Fu Yu , Yang Hui , CAI Yu-Mao 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Objectives Dyslipidemia has been shown to have a significant impact on type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), atherosclerosis, and pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB), the pathological mechanisms underlying abnormal lipid profiles of these three disease categories remain unclear. This study aims to investigate the correlation between oxidized lipoproteins, specifically oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) and oxidized high-density lipoprotein (oxHDL), and the comorbidity of T2DM and PTB（T2DM+PTB）.
Methods A total of 360 cases were prospectively included from June 2022 to June 2023, including 60 cases of the simple hyperlipidemia group, 100 cases of the PTB group, 100 cases of the T2DM group, and 100 cases of the T2DM+PTB group from the outpatient department of our center. Among them, the PTB group, T2DM group, and T2DM+PTB group were further divided into subgroups of normal blood lipids (40 cases) and hyperlipidemia (60 cases). Sixty healthy individuals were included as the control group. The age range of the participants was 35 to 70 years old. Venous blood was collected from each group to detect HbA1c, INS, FSG, CHOL, TG, HDL, LDL, ApoA I, and Apo B, and oxLDL levels were measured using ELISA. The differences in levels between groups were compared. Multivariate logistic regression analysis assessed the association between oxLDL and oxHDL levels with PTB and T2DM+PTB.
Results Patients with T2DM hyperlipidemia subgroup, and T2DM+PTB hyperlipidemia subgroup, showed oxLDL levels more than twice as high and oxHDL levels more than four times higher than those in the control group. A simple hyperlipidemia group also exhibited oxLDL levels significantly higher than the control group. Correlation analysis revealed significant positive linear correlations between TG and LDL with oxLDL in both subgroups, while CHOL and LDL showed significant positive correlations with oxLDL in the PTB hyperlipidemia subgroup. TG levels were significantly positively correlated with oxHDL in all three hyperlipidemia subgroups. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed oxLDL levels exceeding twice those of the control group to be independent risk factors for PTB and T2DM+PTB, while oxHDL levels exceeding four times those of the control group were independent risk factors for PTB.
Conclusion There are higher levels of oxLDL and oxHDL which may increase the risk of having both T2DM and PTB. It is suggested that we should clinically evaluate the significance of oxLDL levels that are more than twice the levels of the control group and oxHDL levels that are more than four times the levels of the control group. This will help us identify a threshold that can be used for further assessment of a pathological condition.
The Influence of Overcrowding and Socioeconomy on the Spatio-temporal Spread of Covid-19 – a Swedish Register Study
Authors: Han Bin , Cronie Ottmar , Adiels Martin , Rosengren Annika , Söderberg Mia 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

The impact of household overcrowding, alone or in combination with other sociodemographic factors, on COVID-19 infection rates over time and geographical areas remains unclear. Through national register databases, information on relevant sociodemographic markers, and positive COVID-19 test results in Sweden, was available to us up until February 2022. Our spatial analyses were conducted using a Poisson regression approach: the DeSOs’ population sizes were used as off-sets, and the model selection was carried out by means of elastic-net regularisation in combination with cross-validation. The analysis of spatial risks indicated elevated risks in overcrowded regions, particularly when coupled with a high proportion of residents earning below the national median income, males, or a combination of a notable male population and a high density of motor vehicles. When incorporating time in the models (spatio-temporal modelling), overcrowding appeared as a predictor for COVID-19 confirmed cases, however, only during the periods between April and July of 2020 and the month February of 2022. Overcrowding otherwise seemed to foremost constitute a risk factor when interplaying with other disadvantageous socioeconomic variables, thus indicating that general socioeconomic vulnerability constituted a risk enhancer.
Preterm birth affects the gut microbiota, metabolome and health outcomes of twins at 12 months of age: a case control study
Authors: Mei Hong , Hu Liqin , Yang Meng , Xiang Feiyan , Zheng Hao , Cai Xiaonan , Hou Guilin , Li Ruizhen , Peng An'na , Zhang Jianduan , Zhou Ai'fen , Xiao Han 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Perinatal factors can influence gut microbiota, adversely impacting infant health outcomes. However, little is known about the combined effect of preterm birth and chorionicity on gut microbiota, metabolism, physical and neurobehavioral development for twin infants. In this study, we profiled and compared the gut microbial colonization of 350 twins aged 12 months. Twins were divided into four groups based on their gestational age at birth and chorionicity as dichorionic-diamniotic full-term birth group, dichorionic-diamniotic preterm-birth group, monochorionic-diamniotic full-term birth group, and monochorionic-diamniotic preterm birth group. Gut microbiota diversity and fecal metabolic alterations at 12 months old were determined by 16S rDNA sequencing and untargeted metabolomics, respectively. Wilcoxon's rank-sum tests were used to compare alpha diversity between the four groups. The general linear models were applied to identify microbiota species that were differentially abundant among the four groups and the health effects of gut microbiota on physical and neurobehavioral development conducted at 12 months of age. In addition, the twin-based ACE model was used to evaluate the contribution of genetic and environmental effects on the composition and function of the gut microbiota. We found that preterm birth and chorionicity dominated genetics in altering the composition of gut microbiota and concentration of metabolites over 12 months of age. The influence of genetic factors differed between preterm and full-term births. There were 16 gestational age and chorionicity specified gut microbiota genera and 285 group-specified metabolites. Association analysis filtered 7 microbiota genera and 19 metabolites associated with twins' physical and neurobehavioral development. Three metabolites, N-Oleoyl dopamine, Ecgonine, and Methyl jasmonate participated in the neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction pathway, tropane, piperidine, and pyridine alkaloid biosynthesis pathway, and alpha-Linolenic acid metabolism and biosynthesis of secondary metabolites, respectively. We concluded that preterm birth is associated with dysbiotic microbiota profiles and significant metabolic alterations, which may eventually influence physical and neurobehavioral development.
“We have to look deeper into why”: perspectives on problem identification and prioritization of women’s and girls’ health across United Nations agencies
Authors: Kulenova Alua , Rice Kathleen , Adams Alayne , Lencucha Raphael 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Eliminating gender inequality and promoting population health are stand-alone goals in the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). It is crucial to understand goal setting and policy making processes aimed at promoting gender and health equality given the entrenched and structural natures of these inequalities. Our research examines the process of problem and solution representation, priority setting, and factors that shape the policymaking process concerning women and girls within the UN system in relation to the SDGs. Data for this study were collected from semi-structured one-on-one interviews with participants who have work experience within the United Nations (UN) (n = 9). The analysis was informed by a qualitative descriptive methodology. Our findings identify the role of political forces in influencing policy, the challenges of limited and tied financial resources, the role of scientific evidence and data, and the purpose of different mandates across agencies. Political forces were found to shape the work of UN agencies, often hindering advancement of the SDG agenda. At the same time participants noted how they navigated opposition or what they considered regressive approaches to women and girls’ health in order to pursue a more progressive agenda. Finite financial resources were also noted to play an important role in shaping SDG implementation pertaining to women and girls’ health. Identification of the types of knowledge, evidence, and data that drive and are given preference in policy creation and development can highlight shortcomings and strengths of current modes of policy development and implementation. Key stakeholders and future research in health and development policy spheres can draw from our findings to gain insight into problem representation and prioritization. This will help identify underlying assumptions that inform work on women’s and girls’ health and how they shape policy agendas.
Five years follow-up of patients with non-melanoma skin cancer treated with HeberFERON
Authors: Roberts Yaquelin Duncan , Vega Yanelda García , Caballero Sonia Collazo , García María Rodríguez , Sedano Manuel Salazar , Rojas José Luis Rodríguez , Iglesias Angela Tuero , Silva Carmen Valenzuela , Basart Naylet Castro , Iglesias Elizeth García , Lamela Laura Pereda , Rodríguez Reinier Hernández , Hernández Ernesto Arteaga , González Verena Muzio , Rivero Iraldo Bello 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Introduction: Non-melanoma skin cancer is the most common tumor. The combination of IFN-alpha 2b and IFN-gamma has been used as a new therapeutic opportunity to treat basal cell carcinomas and cutaneous squamous cell carcinomas. The aim of this report is to record prospectively the recurrence and new lesions rates in patients participating in phase II clinical trials. Methods Phase II clinical trials (double-blind randomized one center study, InCarbacel-III, in patients with basal cell carcinoma; and open, non-randomized multicenter study, CECIN, in patients with cutaneous squamous cell carcinomas, with the use of the combination of IFN-alpha 2b and IFN-gamma) were conducted to evaluate the efficacy, safety and the 5-year duration of clinical responses. Both studies were approved by institutional ethics committees, from the Hermanos Ameijeiras (INCARBACEL-III) and Amalia Simoni (INCARBACEL-III and CECIN) hospitals, in Havana and Camaguey respectively. All patients gave their written informed consent to participate in them. The investigational treatment was administered, peri- or intralesionally, three times per week, during 3 weeks. Clinical (RECIST 1.0) responses were evaluated three months after the end of treatment. Results The combination of IFNs in InCarbacel-III study showed the best clinical response (complete response of 64.3%, overall response of 85.7%) with the highest doses (10.5 MIU); without patient’s recurrence at 5 years follow-up (3.5 MUI and 10.5 MUI groups). The frequency of new lesions decreased in the treated patients 8 times. In the CECIN study 14 patients achieved complete response and 4 partial responses (overall response rate 67%). Up to the 5-year follow-up none of the patients with complete response had recurrence or new lesion. In both studies the cosmetic results were excellent and the reported adverse events were mostly of mild intensity. Conclusions: The use of the combination of IFN-alpha 2b and IFN-gamma showed efficacy in basal cell carcinoma and cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma promoting a long term response for at least 5 years and decreasing the rate of new lesions, safely and with excellent cosmetic effects.
Microbial community composition of Pulsatilla chinensis (Bunge) Regel root in different regions
Authors: Shi Jun , Xi Gangjun , Ding Jiuling , Yang Hetong , Xu Chao 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Purpose: This study was conducted to investigate the microbial community composition in the roots of Pulsatilla chinensis (Bunge) Regel samples from three different regions.
Methods: 16S rRNA sequencing of P. chinensis (Bunge) Regel samples from three different regions, Anhui, Northeast China, and Hebei, was performed using Illumina high-throughput sequencing technology. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) was employed to screen the highly collaborative bacterial modules, followed by hub microbiota identification. Finally, the correlation between the hub microbiota was evaluated.
Results: The top 10 phyla in the three groups included Acidobacteriota, Actinobacteriota, and Bacteroidota; and the top 10 genera in the three groups included Alphaproteobacteria, Dongia, and Gemmatimonadaceae. In addition, Gemmatimonadaceae, Gemmatimonadales, and Gemmatimonadetes were significantly overrepresented in the DB samples; Rhizobiales, Alphaproteobacteria, and Proteobacteria were all significantly overrepresented in the AH samples; and Rokubacteriales, Methylomirabilia, and Methylomirabilotawere all significantly overrepresented in the HB samples. In addition, the brown and turquoise modules were closely related to regional groups (|r| > 0.5 and P < 0.05). Moreover, 14 hub microbiota were identified at the species level, including Gemmatimonadaceae, KD4-96, MBNT15, Micromonospora chersina, Rokubacteriales, Streptomyces, Reyranella, Acidobacteriota, uncultured Sinorhizobium, Proteobacteria, Verrucomicrobiotae, Litorilinea, Rhodoplanes, and bacteriap25. Finally, the correlation between the hub microbiota was evaluated. Among which, Gemmatimonadaceae was positively correlated with Proteobacteria, whereas Acidobacteriota was negatively associated with bacteriap25.
Conclusion: The microbial community composition of P. chinensis (Bunge) Regel roots showed differences in the three different regions, and the 14 hub microbiota might be associated with the altitudinal, geographical, climatic, and cultivation practices of this species, which provides new insights into its cultivataion.
Predictors of bradycardia in non-small-cell lung cancer patients receiving anaplastic lymphoma kinase inhibitors in a teaching hospital: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Ho Chin Chin , Wu Shang-Liang , Tsai Han-Yi , Chou Chian-Ying 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background
Previous studies have primarily focused on evaluating drug safety and the incidence of cardiotoxicity caused by anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) inhibitors in clinical trials. However, there is a lack of comprehensive drug epidemiological research data in real-world hospitals.
Aim
To investigate the predictors of bradycardia after receiving ALK inhibitors with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) after receiving ALK inhibitors.
Method
This retrospective cohort study included adult participants aged 18 years and above who were diagnosed with NSCLC between January 1, 2014, and March 1, 2023. All subjects received an ALK inhibitor (including crizotinib, alectinib, brigatinib, ceritinib, and lorlatinib), and their heart rate data were recorded.
Results
The average follow-up period for our 58 study participants was 3.1 ± 1.7 years. Patients with a recorded heart rate < 60 bpm prior to taking ALK inhibitors were observed to have a significantly higher risk of drug-related bradycardia (hazard ratio [HR] 6.7, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.6–28.5, p = 0.011) compared to those without a recorded heart rate < 60 bpm prior to taking ALK inhibitors. Patients with a recorded heart rate < 60 bpm who received anticancer drugs prior to taking ALK inhibitors had a significantly higher risk for drug-related bradycardia (HR 7.2, 95% CI 2.0–26.1, p = 0.003).
Conclusion
Patients with NSCLC and a pre-existing heart rate < 60 bpm should be assessed for risk when using ALK inhibitors with other anticancer drugs. Therefore, preventive cardiovascular medications should be considered to reduce the risk of drug-related bradycardia.