bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Complications and Perioperative Managements after Extraperitoneal Laparoscopic Radical Cystectomy and Ileal Orthotopic Neobladder: Our Initial Experience
Authors: Wang Li , Huang Jiao , Wang Ke , Zhang Zongliang , Zhao Kai , Yin Xinbao , Zhu Guanqun 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Objective
With the increasing of extraperitoneal laparoscopic radical cystectomy (ELRC) and ileal orthotopic neobladder (ION), we described perioperative management, complications and management of postoperative complications for patients with ELRC and ION.
Methods
We retrospectively collected perioperative managements, complications and management of postoperative complications for patients after ELRC and ION from January 2020 to December 2023 in our center.
Results
Totally 81 patients with bladder tumor underwent ELRC and ION. 48patients suffered from postoperative complications. According to Clavien-Dindo class, 21 patients were identified as 1, 18 patients were identified as 2, and 7 patients were identified as 3. Only 2 patient was identified as 4. The mean follow-up was 31 ± 17.64 months. Overall survival was 97.53%. Recurrence-free survival was 92.59%. The main short-term complications were infection(23.46%), ileus(3.70%), leakage of urine(17.28%), lymph fistula(8.64%), anemia and hypoproteinemia(9.88%). Medium- and long-term complications were Chronic hydronephrosis(8.64%), Anastomotic stoma stricture of ureter (2.47%), Anastomotic stoma stricture of urethra(6.17%), stone(4.94%) and incontinence (9.88%).
Conclusions
Most of complications after ELRC and ION were informidable and solvable. Invasive approaches need to be considered and performed by experienced urologists.
Multi-Metric Assessment of Obesity Prevalence And Association with Metabolic Syndrome In Type 2 Diabetes: A Tertiary Hospital Experience
Authors: Dada Akinola Olusola , Faniyi Oluwatobi Ayodele , Ajibare Adeola Olubunmi , Ojo Oluwafemi Tunde , Akingbola Adewunmi 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Introduction

Obesity is a metabolic disorder characterized by a complex interplay of genetic predisposition as well as socioeconomic and behavioral influences. This study aims to understand how anthropometric measures predict the risk of metabolic syndrome among individuals with Type 2 DM using BMI, waist circumference, waist-to-hip ratio, and waist-to-height ratio.

Methodology

The retrospective cross-sectional study used medical records of 202 patients being managed for Type 2 DM at Lagos State University Teaching Hospital endocrine clinic within the study period of 3 months. The chi-square test and simple logistic regression were used to explore the association between variables.

Results

The prevalence of obesity was 77 (38.1%) based on BMI, 139 (68.8%) after waist circumference measurement, 187 (92.6%) Waist to Hip Ratio and 194 (96.0%) Waist to Height Ratio. The differences observed were statistically significant (p = <2.2e-16). Univariate logistic regression found individuals diagnosed more than 20 years before the onset of the study have significantly higher odds of obesity compared to those with a duration ≤ 5 years (OR = 4.21, 95% CI = 1.10 - 20.48, p = 0.04598). The likelihood of developing metabolic syndrome was notably elevated among individuals categorized as overweight or obese based on BMI [ OR = 2.48, 95% CI (1.17 - 5.35), p = 0.018729] , waist circumference, [ OR = 21.08, 95% CI (10.11 - 46.59), p = 4.16e-15] and Waist-to-hip ratio [ OR = 3.60, 95% CI (1.24 - 11.20), p = 0.0201]. However, no statistically significant association was observed using the Waist to Height Ratio.

Conclusion

Body Mass Index (BMI), waist circumference, waist-to-height ratio, and waist-to-hip ratio all provide valuable insights that capture different aspects of body fat distribution. However, BMI and waist circumference were the strongest predictors of metabolic syndrome in this population.
Analysis of the clinical characteristics and treatment of candidemia caused by different pathogens
Authors: Zhang Chenguang , wu sheng , chen xuyan 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Objective
To analyzing of the clinical characteristics and treatment of candidemia caused by different pathogens.
Methods
A retrospective study was conducted with a focus on patients who had a clear diagnosis of "candidiasis" in our hospital from January 2020 to July 2023. The demographic data, past history, vital signs at onset, laboratory examination, treatment plan and prognosis were collected and analyzed.
Results
There was no significant difference in the age of onset or mortality of patients in the different pathogen groups (F1 = 0.26,P1 = 0.85;F2 = 3.31, P2 = 0.34) .Broad-spectrum antibiotic use, BMI, albumin, parenteral nutrition support, history of gastrointestinal surgery, history of urinary tract surgery and history of G+ coccidiosis infection were risk factors for death in patients with candidemia. WBC counts in the C. albicans and C. tropicalis groups were significantly greater (F = 3.95, P = 0.01) than those in the other groups. The C. tropicalis group had higher serum creatinine levels and shorter TTD (F1 = 8.40, P1 = 0.03; F2 = 5.03, P2 < 0.01).The efficacy of triazoles was similar to that of echinocandins (χ2 = 0.05, P = 0.81). After comparing the efficacy of triazoles and echinocandins across the four of pathogen groups, no measurable difference was detected (χ12 = 1.20, P1 = 0.75; χ22 = 0.05, P2 = 0.81) .
Conclusion
In addition to common risk factors such as older age and hypoproteinemia, a history of gastrointestinal and urinary surgery, a history of broad-spectrum antibiotic use, long-term parenteral nutrition support and G+ coccyxaemia may also be risk factors for death due to candidemia. Echinocandins are recommended as first-line treatments.
The potential of Insulin Resistance Indices to predict Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Tian Jie , Cao Yutian , Zhang Wenhui , Wang Aiyao , Yang Xinyi , Dong Yinfeng , Zhou Xiqiao 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background: The triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index and related parameters, and as well as Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance(HOMA-IR), are recently developed as insulin resistance markers, which can identify the individuals with a risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). However, whether it can be used to predict NAFLD among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) remains unclear. This study aims to observe the performance of insulin resistance indices in diagnosing NAFLD combined with T2DM, and compare the diagnostic values in clinical practice.
Patients and Methods: 268 patients with T2DM from the Endocrinology Department of Jiangsu Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine were enrolled in this study, they were divided into two groups: the NAFLD group (T2DM with NAFLD) and the T2DM group (T2DM without NAFLD). General information and blood indicators of the pariticipants were collected, and insulin resistance indices were calculated based on the data. Furthermore, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was conducted to calculate the area under the curve (AUC) of the insulin resistance-related indices.
Results：ROC analysis revealed that among the five insulin resistance-related indices, four parameters (TyG、TyG-BMI、TyG-WC and TyG-WHR) exhibit high predictive performance for identifying NAFLD except for HOMA-IR. Of particular, TyG-BMI demonstrated the superior predictive value, especially in the males and individuals with a BMI less than 23 kg/m². For the male and the lean patients, AUC for TyG-BMI was 0.764 (95% CI 0.691 - 0.827) and 0.817 (95% CI 0.626 - 0.937), respectively. The sensitivity and specificity for the male NAFLD were 90.32% and 47.89%. While for the lean patients, the sensitivity and specificity were 80% and 82.6%, respectively. Moreover, In the fully adjusted models, there were positive associations of TyG, TyG-BMI, TyG-WC, TyG-WHR and HOMA-IR to CAP, with the βs of 21.30, 0.745, 0.247 and 2.549 (all p<0.001), respectively.
Conclusion: TyG-BMI is promising to predict NAFLD combined with T2DM, especially for the lean and male T2DM patients.
Analysis of Maternal Mortality in Tertiary Care Hospital Mogadishu, Somalia: Identifying Trends, Causes, and Risk Factors to Improve Pregnancy Outcomes: a retrospective study
Authors: Moallim Abdirahman Omar , Hassan-Tuuryare Sakariye Abdullahi , Hilowle Ifah Adan Hilow , Özer Özgür , Mohamed Suleyman Abdullahi , Botan Anfac Farah , Tohow Abdurahman Hussein , Kimutai Timothy Kiprotich , Omar Abdikarim Ali , Hussein Ahmed Issak 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background: Maternal mortality remains a significant worldwide health concern, with 95% of all maternal fatalities occurring in low and lower-middle-income nations. The maternal mortality rate(MMR) in low-income countries in 2020 was reported to be 430 per 100,000 live births versus 12 per 100,000 in high-income countries. Somalia possesses one of the most elevated rates of maternal mortality globally, where women confront a lifetime risk of maternal death estimated at 1 in 22. This study aims to analyse maternal mortality cases within a tertiary care hospital in Mogadishu, Somalia, the study aims to identify prevailing trends, underlying causes, and key risk factors.
Methods: The study employed a retrospective research design to review maternal death case files and extract relevant information for analysis. The study was carried out at the Mogadishu Somali Türkiye Training and Research Hospital, a tertiary care facility in Mogadishu, Somalia. A total of 73 maternal death case files were included in the study. The inclusion criteria involved selecting cases with complete documentation and information relevant to the study objectives.
Results: The demographic data revealed that most maternal deaths occurred among women aged 25 to 29, the trend analysis demonstrated fluctuations in maternal deaths over the five years. The analysis of the data reveals that postpartum haemorrhage(PPH) is the leading cause of maternal deaths, accounting for 35% of the cases, followed by eclampsia (19%), CVA (cerebrovascular accident) (16%), HELLP syndrome(11%). Anaemia was also one of the leading indirect causes of maternal deaths. Regarding pregnancy outcomes, live births accounted for 69% (n=50) of the total pregnancies. 22(31%) of the pregnancies resulted in bad outcomes, stillbirth 10(14%), predelivery deaths 8(11%), spontaneous abortion 2(3%), ectopic(1%) and induced abortion 1(1%).
In conclusion, this research contributes valuable insights into maternal deaths and the factors associated with the outcome of birth among mothers who died. The findings underscore the importance of targeted interventions to address leading causes of maternal deaths, improve access to quality prenatal care, and ensure timely delivery.
Semi-supervised Prediction of Milling Cutter Wear Based on an Empirical Formula for Cutting Force and Wear
Authors: Yu Wujun , Zhan Hongfei , Yu Junhe , Wang Rui 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Accurately predicting tool wear is essential for maintaining high machining quality. Currently, deep learning models are extensively utilized in predicting tool wear. However, deep learning models are prone to local optima, and limited tool wear sample data and multi-sensor feature fusion limit the model's ability to generalize and extract valid information. To address the above problems, this paper proposes a semi-supervised milling cutter wear prediction method based on an empirical formula for cutting force wear, which is modelled (IRM-CFAM) by the Inception-ResNet Module (IRM) and the Channel Feature Adaptive Module (CFAM). By introducing an empirical formula for cutting force wear, the cutting forces in the unlabeled samples are input to estimate wear values and construct wear curves. Based on the constructed wear curves, a monotonic loss function guided by an empirical curve of milling cutter wear is proposed. Meanwhile, the estimated wear values are combined with unlabeled samples to form a second data source, which is then merged with the labeled samples to expand the dataset. The constructed CFAM consists of channel attention and cross-attention mechanisms, which achieves adaptive fusion of weights. Following validation on the PHM2010 milling cutter dataset, the proposed method attained average RMSE and MAE values of 6.693 and 5.136, respectively, across three test sets, showing a significant advantage over other methods. This research facilitates accurate prediction of milling cutter wear and introduces a novel approach for expanding sample data.
The composition of the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal bacteriome is species dependent
Authors: Lahrache Zakaria , Legeay Jean , Ahmed Bulbul , Hijri Mohamed 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background
In addition to their role as endosymbionts for plant roots, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) engage in complex interactions with various soil microorganisms, the rhizosphere, and the root endosphere of host plants. They also host diverse prokaryotic groups within their mycelia, contributing to what is termed multipartite symbiosis. In this study, we examined the impact of three AMF species—Rhizophagus irregularis, R. clarus, and R. cerebriforme—combined with microbial bioaugmentation on the diversity and composition of bacterial communities in the mycelia and hyphosphere. Using a microcosm design to separate the influence of host plant roots from AMF mycelia, we employed Illumina MiSeq amplicon sequencing.
Results
Our results revealed that, while AMF identity and microbial bioaugmentation did not affect the structure of bacterial communities in the hyphosphere soil, they significantly altered the communities associated with their mycelia. Although all three AMF species belong to the same genus, with R. irregularis and R. clarus being closely related compared to R. cerebriforme, we observed variations in the bacterial communities associated with their mycelia. Interestingly, the mycelial bacterial community of R. cerebriforme contained 60 bacteriome core taxa exclusive to it, while R. clarum and R. irregularis had 25 and 9 exclusive taxa, respectively.
Conclusion
This study suggests that organismal phylogeny influences the bacterial communities associated with AMF mycelia. These findings provide new insights into AMF and bacterial interactions, which are crucial for the successful deployment of AMF inoculants. The taxonomic diversity of AMF inoculants is important for engineering the plant microbiome and enhancing ecosystem services.
Exploring the relationships between extreme Body mass index and pain, somatic health, and psychiatric disorders in adolescents: a multinational analysis of general population data
Authors: Mzadi Abdennour El , Zouini Btissame , Bador Kourosh , Råstam Maria , Kerekes Nóra 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background
Maintaining a healthy body mass index (BMI) during adolescence is crucial for optimal physical and mental well-being. This investigation sought to examine the relationships between extreme BMI values and self-reported experiences of pain, somatic diseases, and psychiatric disorders in adolescents.
Methods
A cohort of 5132 adolescents (average age of 16.69 ± 1.02 years; 62.1% girls/) was gathered from five countries using an online survey. The data collection took place as part of the Mental and Somatic Health without borders project, from September 2020 to February 2021. The participants were categorized into four groups based on their BMIs. Through the application of nonparametric tests, this study explored variations in gender and the prevalence of somatic diseases/complaints, diagnosed psychiatric disorders, and perceived pain across distinct BMI groups.
Results
BMIs in the underweight and overweight categories were more common in male participants than in female participants (p = 0.04 and p = 0.001, respectively, with weak effect sizes). Underweight individuals demonstrated elevated rates of cancer and epilepsy (p ≤ 0.01), while overweight individuals exhibited higher rates of depression, asthma, diarrhea, and thyroid diseases (p ≤ 0.01). Obesity was linked to significantly increased frequencies of attention-deficit disorder and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, anxiety, depression, allergies, asthma, and constipation (p ≤ 0.02). The strengths of these associations ranged from weak to moderate. Adolescents with obesity reported significantly higher levels of pain intensity (p < 0.001), albeit with a small effect size.
Conclusion
BMIs in the overweight and obese categories are connected to asthma and digestive issues, while those in the underweight category are associated with cancers and epilepsy. Adolescents with obesity are more susceptible to pain (both intensity and frequency), and those with extreme BMIs experience ADHD, anxiety, and depression at a higher rate than those with BMIs in the normal range. These findings underscore the crucial need to deepen our understanding of the intricate relationships between BMI and health outcomes in adolescents. This knowledge will inform targeted interventions and strategies aimed at enhancing both physical and mental well-being in this vulnerable population.
Effects of CDP-choline on osteogenic differentiation of pre-osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells
Authors: Baris Elif , Ertugruloglu Pınar 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

The cholinergic system, traditionally associated with neurotransmission, has been recognized for its involvement in bone physiology and osteogenesis. This study investigates the effects of CDP-choline, a compound known for its neuroprotective properties, on the osteogenic differentiation of pre-osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells. The objective was to determine if CDP-choline could enhance key markers of osteogenesis, such as alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, hydroxyproline (HYP) content, intracellular calcium levels, and collagen production. Mouse pre-osteoblast MC3T3-E1 cells were cultured and differentiated in osteogenic media supplemented with CDP-choline. Cell viability was assessed using the MTT assay. Intracellular calcium levels were measured using a spectrofluorometric assay. ALP and HYP levels were determined using ELISA. Statistical significance was analysed using ANOVA and Student’s t-test. CDP-choline treatment significantly enhanced ALP activity in both cell lysates and media, indicating early osteogenic differentiation. HYP levels were also significantly elevated, suggesting enhanced collagen synthesis and bone matrix stability. Intracellular calcium levels increased, confirming active osteogenic differentiation potential of CDP-choline. The findings demonstrate that CDP-choline significantly promotes osteogenic differentiation in pre-osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells. The increase in ALP activity, HYP content, intracellular calcium levels highlight its potential as a natural agent for bone health and regeneration therapies. These results suggest that CDP-choline could be a promising candidate for developing new treatments for bone-related disorders.
Organic and inorganic polymeric matrix of modified chitosan with algae and coal fly ash for cationic toxic dye removal: Multivariable optimization by Box-Behnken Design
Authors: Wu RuiHong , Kashi Elmira , Jawad Ali H. , Musa Salis Awal , ALOthman Zeid A. , Wilson Lee D. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

In this study, a composite adsorbent of chitosan/algae/coal fly ash (CS/Alg/FA) was synthesized to be an effective and renewable adsorbent for cationic methyl violet 2B dye (MV2B) removal from synthetic wastewater. The optimization of key adsorption variables (A: CS/Alg/FA dosage (0.02-0.1 g/100 mL), B: solution pH (4-10); C: contact time (20-180 min)) was carried out using the Box-Behnken design (BBD). The Langmuir isotherm model (coefficient of determination R² = 0.94) provided a good fit for the empirical data, and the pseudo-second-order model accurately described the kinetic data. The maximum adsorption capacity (qmax) of CS/Alg/FA for MV2B was determined to be 63.4 mg/g at 25 ⁰C. The possible adsorption mechanism of MV2B can be assigned to electrostatic attractions along with n-π, and H-bonding interactions. Thus, this comprehensive study underscores the potential of CS/Alg/FA as a preferable adsorbent for the removal of cationic organic dyes from industrial wastewater.
Synthesis and characterization of Modified Bismuth ferrite (1-x)BiFeO 3 - x(BiK)Ti/MnO 3 , (x=0.15, 0.20)
Authors: Sourav S. K. , Choudhary R. N. P. , Prasad Umakant 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

In present era main aim of the researchers is to develop lead free material for ferroelectric material device. Ceramics of perovskite compounds were successfully synthesized using a chemical decomposition method, with the composition (1-x) BiFeO3-x(Bi K)TiMnO3, where x was varied at 0.15 and 0.20. The confirmation of compound creation was based on the analysis of Crystelloplotic XRD pattern data. The BKTM 15% exhibits an average grain size of 0.41 µm, while BKTM 20% shows 0.40 µm. Energy-dispersive X-ray analysis detected elements such as Bi, Fe, Na, K, Ti, and Mn. Modulus property exploration revealed non-Debye model relaxation behavior, observed particularly for sensor technology applications. To investigate the relaxation and conduction mechanisms in these samples were conducted at different temperatures and recurrence. Additionally, the scanning electron microscope (SEM) was employed to examine particle allocation and the location of grain boundaries. Impedance spectroscopic studies covered a wide temperature range (300-780K) and a broad recurrence range (103-106 Hz). Complex plane and Impedance scale are semicircular arcs, which related to semiconducting character of the sample.
Ocean Energy Systems Wave Energy Modeling Task 10.4: Benchmark Study of the DTU OWC Chamber with One-Way Absorption
Authors: Bingham Harry Bradford , Joensen Bárður , Read Robert William , Nielsen Kim , Tran Thanh Toan , Said Hafiz Ahsan , Kelly Thomas , Ringwood John V. , Imai Yasutaka , Zanden Joep van der , Eskilsson Claes , Shiri Alex Abolfazl 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

This paper reports on a new milestone under the "OES Task 10Numerical modelling and verification", established to provide numerical modeling guidelines for wave energy converters. The task has been initiated by the International Energy Agency Technology Collaboration Programme for Ocean Energy Systems (OES). This study complements the studies presented in Bingham et al (2021) and Wendt et al (2019). Here we focus on small-scale (1:50) measurements of a single, Oscillating Water Column chamber mounted sideways in a long flume. The geometry of the OWC chamber is extracted from a barge-like, attenuator-type floating concept "KNSwing" with 40 chambers targeted for deployment in the Danish part of the North Sea. In addition to the traditional two-way energy extraction from an OWC, we also consider a one-way energy extraction of power with passive venting and compare chamber response, pressures and total absorbed energy between the two methods. A blind study was established for the numerical modeling, with participants applying several implementations of weakly-nonlinear potential flow theory and commercial Navier-Stokes solvers (CFD). Both compressible and incompressible models were used for the air phase.