bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Координація монетарної та фіскальної політик у розвитку національної економіки
Authors: Коваленко В. В. , Ситник І. П. , Шелудько С. А. 
Published: April 2024

Стаття присвячена дослідженню питань, які стосуються координації монетарної та фіскальної політик та її впливу на економічне зростання в Україні. Метою статті є дослідження дієвості інструментів монетарної та фіскальної політик, визначення рівня впливу монетарних та фіскальних чинників на економічне зростання, а також формування напрямів підвищення ефективності координації монетарної та фіскальної політик. При проведенні наукового дослідження використані методи аналізу, синтезу, узагальнення, розрахунково-аналітичний, графічний методи, коефіцієнтний аналіз та системний підхід. На підставі проведеного дослідження встановлено, що ключовою передумовою досягнення макроекономічної стабільності та економічного зростання в державі виступає координація монетарної та фіскальної політик. У статті доведено, що на сьогодні координація монетарної та фіскальної політик залежить від ступеня збалансованого регулювання грошового ринку, а саме урегулювання та урівноваження процентних ставок та контролю за інфляцією. Практично обґрунтовано, що вплив монетарних та фіскальних інструментів на економічне зростання в Україні відбувається за схемою: середньозважені ставки за інструментами НБУ впивають у більшій мірі у монетарній складовій координації, система управління внутрішнім державним боргом – у фіскалений складовій. Оригінальність наукового дослідження полягає у запропонованій системі координації монетарної і фіскальної політик, яка включає суб’єктів координації, визначення стратегічних цілей координації та необхідного інструментарію для досягнення поставлених цілей. Цінність наукового дослідження полягає у визначенні головних чинників, які впливають на неузгодженість монетарної та фіскальної політик, нівелювання яких дозволить регуляторм досягти мети - забезпечення фінансової стабільності. Перспективи подальших наукових досліджень повинні бути спрямовані на вирішення питання щодо вагомого внеску монетарних органів влади у фінансуванні дефіциту державного бюджету через викуп ними ОВДП. За необхідне є посилення ролі макропруденційної політики у координації монетарної та фіскальної політик, однією із цілей якої є протистояння виникненню системної кризи. Забезпечення макроекономічної та фінансової стабільності. Зазначене неможливо без чітко виробленої стратегії координації, яка б ґрунтувалася на чітко визначених цілях, поставлених завданнях на підставі обраних методів та інструментів їх досягнення. Тип статті – теоретико-емпіричний.
An Integrated Control Model (Chemical and Biological) via Fuzzy Linear Programming for Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)
Authors: Santos P. N. , Peixoto M. S. , Carvalho S. M. S. 
Published: April 2024

This paper proposes an integrated control model that enables the pesticide use according to the prey density and the insertion of the natural enemy, the predators, by fuzzy linear programming. The fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is one of the main resistant pests of corn, which can cause damage to the productivity up to 34%. The control is strictly chemical.
Effects of Thiazolidinone Derivatives Against Buprenorphine-Induced Painful Hypersensitivity in Mice
Authors: Riaz Madeeha , Abbas Muzaffar , Khan Arif-ullah , Nadeem Humaira 
Published: April 2024

Opioids have been used to treat acute and chronic pain for millennia. It is studied that prolonged use of opioids may result in neuroinflammation and increased pain sensation associated with allodynia, hyperalgesia and increased interleukin-1β (IL-1 β) expression in spinal cord. The present study was designed to investigate the effects of thiazolidinone derivatives against buprenorphine-induced increased pain sensitivity and IL-1 β expression in mice. The albino mice were injected subcutaneously buprenorphine twice daily for two weeks. Thiazolidinone derivatives were injected 30 minutes before buprenorphine injection. Thermal hyperalgesia, mechanical allodynia and tail flick tests performed on day 0, 1, 4, 8, 12 and 16. Mice were sacrificed immediately after behavioral testing and ELISA was performed to measure IL-1β expression in spinal cord. We found that thiazolidinone derivatives reduced latency time during hot plate and tail flick test and increased paw withdrawal threshold as compared to control. Moreover, thiazolidinone derivatives reduced IL-1β expression in spinal cord. Thiazolidinone derivatives might be useful for the management of increased pain sensitivity and neuroinflammation associated with buprenorphine administration.
Differential Viral Load Indicates HDV Influences HBV Replication in HBV/HDV Coinfected Patients
Authors: Khan Saeed , Ur Rehman Najeeb , Lail Amanullah , Aftab Seema 
Published: April 2024

Viral Hepatitis causing approximately 1.4 million deaths every year. HBV is a partially double stranded DNA virus and belongs to the family Hepadnaviridae. HDV is a sub satellite virus which infects patients that are already infected by HBV because it depends on HBV surface antigen for its replication. HDV causes super infection with different complexities as compared to sole HBV infection.To compare viral load of HBV and HDV to check possible influence on each others replication.A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted on 907 samples. HBV DNA was detected and quantified by Abbott HBV Quantification kit and HDV RNA was detected and amplified by RoboGene®. Screening of HDV RNA and HBV DNA by PCR and results were analyzed using SPSS. Out of 907 patients, 33% were HBV/HDV co-infected, 35% were HBV, 18% were infected with HDV & 14% were HBV/HDV negative.Out of these, 75.7% were males and 24.3% were females. The patients were divided into three age groups: 5-20 years, 21-40 years & 41-80 years. Overall levels of HBV DNA PCR < 1000 IU/ml was found in 74% HBV/HDV co-infected patients as compared to 30.8% HBV mono infected. This study indicates that the absence or the low viral load of HBV in HDV positive patients might be due to possible subdue of HBV by HDV in HBV/HDV co-infected patients.Age group of 20-40 years and male gender is comparatively at high risk for these viral infections.
Pain and Inflammation Profile of a Degenerated Intervertebral Disc
Authors: Ekram Sobia , Rajput Shafiqa Naeem , Khalid Shumaila , Ramzan Faiza , Salim Asmat , Khan Irfan 
Published: April 2024

Degenerative disc disease (DDD) is characterised by progressive intervertebral disc (IVD) inflammation that ultimately causes lower back pain. The available therapeutic approach for DDD is the management of pain and spinal infusion. In the present investigation, the rat needle punctured disc degeneration model was established under a fluoroscopically guided system, followed by human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUC-MSCs) transplantation. The IVD degeneration was examined and confirmed by radiography, histology, and pain and inflammatory marker evaluation. A rat tail disc degeneration model was developed with three successive coccyx IVDs. The needle was inserted into the IVD under fluoroscopic guidance, and its tip was inserted through the lateral annulus fibrosus into the nucleus pulposus (NP) region, twisted 360o twice, and held for 30 seconds. To assess the IVD height from radiography images 2 weeks after disc puncture and MSC transplantation to evaluate the degree of IVD degeneration and regeneration, The pain and inflammatory molecular markers were quantified using qPCR. To assess the severity of IVD degeneration and regeneration, histology was performed using haematoxylin and eosin (H & E) and alcian blue staining. MSCs were successfully isolated from human umbilical cord tissue and exhibited fibroblast-like morphology. Radiographic imaging and histological analyses showed significant IVD degeneration after 2 weeks of injury, and the hUC-MSC group exhibited the restored NP region and significant presence of proteoglycans in contrast to the degenerated group. When compared to healthy IVDs, the molecular expression of pain and inflammatory genes was significantly increased on days 2 and 5, resulting in an immunomodulatory response and a marked IVD degeneration. Conversely, the hUC-MSC group at 2 and 5 days showed significantly downregulated expression of C-JUN, C-FOS, AKT, OPG, RANK, TLR4, and IL-1β compared to the degenerated IVDD group. Moreover, the hUC-MSCs-treated group indicated significant NP hydration. The preclinical transplantation of hUC-MSCs can potentially reduce the pain and inflammation caused by disc degeneration. Therefore, the therapy can ideally deal with all the manifestations that occur due to such debilitating DDD.
Variant Analysis of FOXE1 Gene in Non-Syndromic Cleft Lip and Palate Patients of Peshawar, Pakistan
Authors: Mannan Sara , Bazai Fariya Khan , Ahmad Jamil , Khan Ishaq N , Huma Zilli , Obaidullah  
Published: April 2024

One of the most common structural birth defects is the cleft lip and palate, having an incidence rate of 1:700 live births worldwide. It can be isolated cleft lip, isolated cleft palate or a combination of both cleft lip and palate. The orofacial cleft can be caused by a variety of genetic and environmental factors or through an interaction between these factors. The gene Fork-head Box protein E1 (FOXE1) has been documented to be involved with cleft lip and palate. The present study aims to screen mutations in FOXE1 and to correlate phenotype and genotype of affected individuals. After obtaining ethical approval, peripheral blood samples were collected from 100 affected individuals, irrespective of age and gender. The genomic DNA was extracted, followed by quality control through spectrophotometer and gel electrophoresis. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was carried out to perform the targeted Sanger sequencing of FOXE1 gene. A point mutation (c.274C>T, rs3021526) in FOXE1 gene was detected in 15 samples. Based on phenotype, males and isolated cleft palate type was commonly involved,with bilateral occurrence, and moderate cases were frequently seen among the enrolled patients. In this study, a missense substitution was observed in gene FOXE1. This study provides a foundation for genetic counseling for families at risk and offer valuable insights for prevention and management plans.
Study of Human Microglia Phenotypes via an In Vivo Neuroimmune Organoid Model
Authors: Staff Editorial 
Published: April 2024

Microglia are specialized brain-resident macrophages that play crucial roles in brain development, homeostasis, and disease. However, until now, the ability to model interactions between the human brain environment and microglia has been severely limited. To overcome these limitations, Schafer and colleagues developed an in vivo xenotransplantation approach that allows us to study functionally mature human microglia (hMGs) that operate within a physiologically relevant, vascularized immunocompetent human brain organoid (iHBO) model. Developing an in vivo neuroimmune organoid model to study human microglia phenotypes would involve creating a three-dimensional structure that mimics the complexity of the human brain and immune system. Such a model could provide a valuable tool to investigate the behavior and function of microglia, the resident immune cells of the central nervous system, in a more physiologically relevant context. Data from Schafer and colleagues show that organoid-resident hMGs gain human-specific transcriptomic signatures that closely resemble their in vivo counterparts. In vivo two-photon imaging reveals that hMGs actively engage in surveilling the human brain environment, react to local injuries, and respond to systemic inflammatory cues. Finally, they demonstrate that the transplanted iHBOs developed here offer the unprecedented opportunity to study functional human microglia phenotypes in health and disease and provide experimental evidence for a brain-environment-induced immune response in a patient-specific model of autism with macrocephaly. Cell. 2023 May 11;186(10):2111-2126.e20. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2023.04.022.
Pharmacogenomics of 5-Fluorouracil in Oesophageal Carcinoma: Association of Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms with Efficacy & Adverse Effects
Authors: Ali Amanat , Raza Syed Irfan , Bader Zarafshan , Shah Syed Furqan Ali 
Published: April 2024

Esophageal carcinoma (EC) is a highly fatal cancer. The usual therapy for localized squamous cell carcinoma has traditionally been surgically removing the tumor from its main location. However, recent clinical advancements have led to the development of new therapeutic options. The available choices encompass chemotherapy which involves continuous administration of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), cisplatin, and simultaneous radiation treatment. To enhance clinical outcomes, future advancements would have to improve the integration of new anticancer medications, the administration of cisplatin, or 5-FU, guided by pharmacokinetics, and the identification of potential responders through genetic profiling of patients before treatment initiation. This review provides a comprehensive summary of the information about the genetic variation in ABCB1, ERCC!, TYMS, XPD, and DYPD genes that most likely contribute to the pharmacokinetic or genotype-guided administration of 5-FUfor the treatment of oesophageal cancer. The review aims to facilitate personalized treatment strategies for this condition in the future.
Primaquine Reduces P vivax Parasitemia Risk
Authors: Staff Editorial 
Published: April 2024

In areas where both P falciparum and P vivax are co-endemic, and a patient is diagnosed with P falciparum malaria, the standard practice is to treat the acute infection with an appropriate antimalarial, often an Artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT). Primaquine is not typically used for treating the acute P falciparum infection. However, adding primaquine to ACT could help reduce their risk of subsequent P vivax parasitemia. Thriemer and colleagues performed a multicenter clinical trial across Bangladesh, Indonesia, and Ethiopia. The primary endpoint was the incidence risk of P vivax parasitemia on day 63. This trial was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03916003. The trial recruited 500 patients and the results suggest that there were very few serious adverse effects while 143 mild adverse effects were also reported. The incidence risk of P vivax parasitemia at day 63 was 11·0% (95% CI 7·5–15·9) in the standard care arm (low dose primaquine) compared with 2·5% (1·0–5·9) in the intervention (high dose primaquine) arm (hazard ratio 0·20, 95% CI 0·08–0·51; p=0·0009). These results suggest that high-dose short-course primaquine can reduce P vivax parasitemia risk within 63 days by fivefold. Lancet. 2023 Dec 2;402(10417):2101-2110. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(23)01553-2.
Role of ZAKα-Mediated Metabolic Decline in Obesity and Aging
Authors: Staff Editorial 
Published: April 2024

It has been known that there exists a connection between oxidative stress, ribosomal dysfunction, and the metabolic decline observed in conditions such as obesity and aging. The ribotoxic stress response (RSR) is a signaling pathway in which the p38- and ZAKα sense stalling and/or collision of ribosomes. ZAKα, also known as MAP3K20, is a mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase (MAP3K) that plays a role in cellular signaling pathways. Snieckute and colleagues show that reactive oxygen species (ROS)-generating agents trigger ribosomal impairment and ZAKα activation. They also found that ZAK-knockout mice are protected from developing high-fat high-sugar (HFHS) diet-induced blood glucose intolerance and liver steatosis, stressing the role of the RSR in metabolic regulation. Their study revealed the hallmarks of metabolic aging in animals after ZAK ablation. Understanding these molecular pathways could provide insights into the cellular mechanisms contributing to metabolic dysfunction in these conditions and may potentially lead to the development of targeted interventions or therapies. Science 2023 Dec 8;382(6675):eadf3208. doi: 10.1126/science.adf3208.
supervisão pedagógica na formação de profissionais
Authors: Lopes Fernanda , Henriques Susana 
Published: April 2024

Este artigo baseia-se numa pesquisa realizada no contexto do Mestrado em Supervisão Pedagógica na Universidade Aberta, com o objetivo de entender qual o papel da supervisão pedagógica (SvP) nas práticas formativas, compreender o seu papel no desempenho profissional dos trabalhadores, analisar a perceção dos decisores da formação sobre modelos de supervisão e identificar os modelos de SvP presentes na formação contínua da Autoridade Tributária e Aduaneira (AT).
No estudo, optou-se por uma abordagem mista de estudo de caso com finalidade exploratória e descritiva e foram empregues como técnicas de recolha de dados o inquérito por entrevista.
Os resultados revelaram mudanças nas práticas formativas, visando preparar os funcionários para as suas funções atuais e futuras. A SvP da formação na AT mostrou-se pouco estruturada, com diferentes níveis e atores envolvidos, predominantemente vertical e diretiva, embora haja indícios de supervisão colaborativa.
Fatores associados à baixa adesão ao exame de papanicolaou entre mulheres: revisão integrativa de literatura
Authors: Teles Ítalo Cauê Ferreira , Santos Amuzza Aylla Pereira dos , Andrade Carla Andreia Alves de , Silva João Paulo malta da , Santos Waleska de Lima 
Published: April 2024

O Câncer do Colo do Útero (CCU), também chamado de câncer cervical, é uma alteração epitelial que se caracteriza por transformações celulares progressivas que podem evoluir para uma lesão que tem característica invasiva. Atualmente é um problema de saúde pública devido a exposição da sociedade a fatores de risco alimentares, comportamentais e biológicos. O exame de Papanicolaou é o principal utilizado para detectar o CCU. Porém, mesmo sendo um exame de importância destacada, muitas mulheres optam por não realizar o exame. OBJETIVO: Identificar na literatura os fatores que dificultam a adesão das mulheres ao exame de Papanicolaou. METODOLOGIA: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa de literatura, na qual a questão norteadora foi: “Quais fatores estão associados à baixa adesão das mulheres ao exame de papanicolaou? Desse modo, foi utilizado a estratégia de busca: Papanicolaou Test AND Patient Non-Compliance. As bases de dados científicas selecionadas foram: Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS), Cinahl, PubMed, Scopus e Web of Science. RESULTADOS: Foram encontrados 15 artigos, sendo 12 deles publicados nos anos de 2015, 2016, 2017 e 2018 cada ano contendo 3 artigos; seguido dos anos de 2014, 2020 e 2021 com 1 artigo cada. CONCLUSÃO: Diante do exposto, evidenciou-se que apesar do exame de Papanicolaou ser um tema amplamente discutido, com importância cientificamente comprovada, a população alvo apresenta motivos para não aderir a esse exame preventivo.
A MULHER JOVEM E O HPV: A AVALIAÇÃO DA MULHER FORA DO GRUPO DE RASTREIO
Authors: Medeiros Adna Sandriele Oliveira de Lima , Resende Vanessa Caroline Pinheiro Martins , Sousa Sádia Martins de Paula 
Published: April 2024

Objetivo: Verificar a presença de alterações em colpocitologias oncóticas (CCO) ditas alteradas, em mulheres com menos de 25 anos, encaminhadas das Unidades de Atenção primária à Saúde do Distrito Federal para oncoginecologia de um hospital terciário, e através do perfil dessa população, estratificar as principais alterações encontradas - atipias graves - lesão intraepitelial de alto grau (HSIL), Adenocarcinoma (AIS) e carcinoma (CA), além de analisar a abordagem terapêutica proposta para as mulheres nessa faixa etária. Método: Trata-se de um estudo observacional, retrospectivo, transversal e descritivo desenvolvido em um Hospital da rede pública do Distrito Federal (DF) referência em Oncoginecologia. A amostra foi constituída por prontuários de pacientes com idades entre 18 a 25 anos, atendidas no serviço de oncoginecologia de um hospital de referência do Distrito Federal com alteração no exame de colpocitologia oncótica, no período compreendido entre maio de 2017 à maio de 2019. Resultados: A amostra inicial foi composta por prontuários de 54 mulheres, contudo, após aplicação dos critérios de inclusão e exclusão, obteve-se um N final de 36 prontuários. O perfil da população analisada apresentou uma média de idade de 20,4 anos enquanto a média etária da sexarca dessa população foi de 14,4 anos. 50% das mulheres se declararam solteiras; 83,3% apresentavam colposcopia com alterações; ASCUS e AGUS estavam presentes em 39% da população. Exérese de zona de transformação foi realizada em 58,3% dos casos. Conclusão: é possível concluir que as mudanças nos padrões sexuais da mulher hoje, reflete uma necessidade de readequação desses parâmetros, a compreensão da necessidade de implementação de uma política de rastreio mais ampla, em vista a política de atenção integral, com melhores definições para a saúde ginecológica da mulher jovem.
AVALIAÇÃO DAS MANIFESTAÇÕES CLÍNICAS DO COLESTEATOMA EM CRIANÇAS
Authors: Freire Rodrigo José Bumussa , Fragoso Raíssa , Nietto Andressa Lima , Cerqueira Pedro Henrique , Nascimento Anna Christiany Brandão , Silva Allan Christian Lima da , Ramirez Carmen Nagelly Rodriguez , Santos Lucas Monteiro Dantas dos , Queiroz Thiago Penaforte de Oliveira , Batista Gustavo Henrique de Moura , Lucena Vinicius Almeida Ferreira de Souza , Coelho Beatriz Baldon , Buarque Mariana Delgado Santos , Rosa Carolina Camargo de Mello , Rosa Gustavo Camargo de Mello , Hirata Erick Kenji Karasczuk , Silva Callyne Vieira da , Kuklinski Anderson Ademir , Brito Claudia Klecyanne Rodrigues de , Peixoto Tatiana Débora de Lima , Lima Patricia Batista , Moreira Giovanna Mariotti , Franco Michelle Vanessa Santiago , Schuetz Tayná de Matos , Moreira Mayra Dantas 
Published: April 2024

Introdução: Este artigo de revisão aborda as manifestações clínicas do colesteatoma em crianças, uma condição patológica complexa que envolve o crescimento anormal de tecido queratinizado no ouvido médio, podendo levar a complicações sérias como perda auditiva e erosão óssea. Objetivo: Analisar os padrões de apresentação e as complicações mais comuns dessa condição em pacientes pediátricos. Metodologia: Essa revisão integrativa da literatura, foi realizada por busca em base de dados de artigos que correspondessem ao tema proposto. Incluiu-se avaliação dos artigos elegíveis na íntegra, excluindo aqueles que não se enquadram nos objetivos do estudo, teses e dissertações, sem contabilizar duplicatas. Resultados e Discussão: Enquanto colesteatomas congênitos frequentemente aparecem como massas brancas localizadas atrás de uma membrana timpânica íntegra, os colesteatomas adquiridos são tipicamente associados a bolsas de retração profunda e drenagem crônica do ouvido. Ambos os tipos apresentam desafios diagnósticos significativos devido à natureza insidiosa da doença e à variabilidade dos sintomas apresentados. Conclusão: É vital que profissionais de saúde realizem avaliações auditivas periódicas e se mantenham em alerta para condições que gerem suspeita clínica para colesteatoma em pacientes jovens apresentando sinais de problemas auditivos persistentes. Este estudo destaca a necessidade de estratégias diagnósticas aprimoradas e uma abordagem cirúrgica para gerenciar essa condição.
El conflicto armado colombiano y el cambio de estrategia de las Fuerzas Armadas en la lucha en contra de las FARC (2002-2010)
Authors: Mancuso Francesco 
Published: April 2024

En los primeros años 2000, el gobierno colombiano planteó una nueva estrategia para mejorar las capacidades de las Fuerzas Armadas, aumentando la especialización de combate en los diferentes escenarios territoriales de Colombia. Esta estrategia favoreció la recuperación territorial y debilitó los grupos insurgentes, principalmente la guerrilla de las FARC que durante los años ‘90 expandió su control territorial, amenazando los centros vitales del Estado. El objetivo de este artículos es demostrar como las Fuerzas Armadas de Colombia a partir de los primeros años 2000 han utilizado un enfoque pragmático y de adaptación territorial para llevar la lucha en la retaguardia del grupo guerrillero y retomar el control de enteras áreas del país