bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ideaesthesia: Conceptual processes assign similar colours to similar shapes
Authors: Jürgens Uta , Nikolić Danko 
Published: March 2012

Abstract
One of the main problems in understanding synaesthesia is determining whether it is a sensory or semantic phenomenon-a problem also known as the distinction between ‘low-’ vs. ‘high-level’ synaesthesia. Recently, it has been reported that in grapheme-colour synaesthesia, the colour associated to a letter is chosen by similarity to other letters. Letters of similar shapes tend to elicit similar colours. The authors explained this result by low-level cross-wiring between grapheme and colour brain areas. In the present study we show that when new graphemes are learned, they also associate synaesthetic colours based on shape- and colour similarity. Importantly, these novel associations between graphemes and colors are created within minutes, which is too rapid to be accounted for by cross-wiring. In addition, the dimensions of similarity used to create these associations were more abstract than what would be expected from elementary features processed in the grapheme area. Therefore, we conclude that the result is better explained by high-level conceptual mechanisms that guide the choices and creation of synaesthetic concurrents.
A Two-Scale Numerical Approach to Granular Systems / Wybrane Problemy Szacowania Prawdopodobienstwa Zawodu W Sytuacji Pozaru
Authors: Nitka M. , Tejchman J. 
Published: March 2012

Abstract A two-scale numerical homogenization approach was used for granular materials. At small-scale level, granular micro-structure was simulated using the discrete element method. At macroscopic level, the finite element method was applied. An up-scaling technique took into account a discrete model at each Gauss integration point of the FEM mesh to derive numerically an overall constitutive response of the material. In this process, a tangent operator was generated with the stress increment corresponding to the given strain increment at the Gauss point. In order to detect a loss of the solution uniqueness, a determinant of the acoustic tensor associated with the tangent operator was calculated. Some elementary geotechnical tests were numerically calculated using a combined DEM-FEM technique
Optimised Mix Design for Normal Strength and High Performance Concrete Using Particle Packing Method
Authors: Gopinath S. , Murthy A. Ramachandra , Ramya D. , Iyer Nagesh R. 
Published: March 2012

Abstract This paper presents the details of optimized mix design for normal strength and high performance concrete using particle packing method. A critical review of mix design methods have been carried out for normal strength concrete using American Concrete Institute (ACI) and Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) methods highlighting the similarities and differences towards attaining a particular design compressive strength. Mix design for M30 and M40 grades of concrete have been carried out using ACI, BIS and particle packing methods. Optimization of concrete mix has been carried out by means of particle packing method using EMMA software, which employs modified Anderson curve to adjust the main proportions. Compressive strength is evaluated for the adjusted proportions and it is observed that the mixes designed by particle packing method estimates compressive strength closer to design compressive strength. Further, particle packing method has been employed to optimize the ingredients of high performance concrete and experiments have been carried out to check the design adequacy of the desired concrete compressive strength.
Investigations of Geosynthetic Interlayer Bonding in Asphalt Layers / Badania Połaczen Miedzywarstwowych W Warstwach Asfaltowych Z Geosyntetykiem
Authors: Zielinski P. 
Published: March 2012

Abstract The paper presents the results of an extensive investigation of asphalt concrete specimens with geosynthetic interlayer. The subject of this research is evaluation of influence of geosynthetics interlayer applied to bituminous pavements on interlayer bonding of specimens. The results of the tests proves that when geosynthetic is used, the bonding of interlayer depends mainly on the type of bituminous mixture, the type of geosynthetic, and the type and amount of bitumen used for saturation and sticking of geosynthetic. The amount of bitumen used in order to saturate and fix the geosynthetic significantly changes the interlayer bonding of specimens.
Effect of Changes in Land Use During the 20th Century on Woodland and Calcareous Grassland Vegetation in Southern Poland
Authors: Dzwonko Zbigniew 
Published: March 2012

In the modern agricultural landscape major threats to plant species diversity are loss and fragmentation of habitats and communities. During the last century natural and semi-natural communities have faced also cessation of tradition management and increased load of nutrients. This paper presents a survey of studies on vegetation dynamics of woodlands in the northern part of the Carpathian foothills and of calcareous grasslands on limestone hills near Kraków. The causes of fargoing changes observed in communities of these types and possible management for their conservation are discussed. The nature conservation value of woods can be assessed by means of ancient woodland plant species indicators.
Vegetation Transformations of Kujawy-Pomerania Region in the Last Twenty Years Period
Authors: Załuski Tomasz 
Published: March 2012

This paper contents dynamic tendencies analysis results of Kujawy-Pomerania region (N Poland) for a 20-year time period. Acreage changes as well as structure and species composition transformations of forest and shrub vegetation (associations) and non-forest vegetation (alliances) were evaluated. Main factors influencing on regressive and progressive changes were set out. Analysis was relied on results of geobotanical research and observations of selected objects. Regressive changes were noted for i.a. thermophilous oak forests, dry and fresh coniferous forests, aquatic, halophytic, pasture vegetation, vegetation of Molinion and Cnidion meadows, heaths and xerothermic grasslands. Whereas progressive were observed in case of mixed coniferous forests, mesophytic shrubs, rush and tall herbs vegetation, fresh meadows and some ruderal communities.
Ancient Woodlands’ and Synanthropic Plants as Indicators of Maintenance of the Forest Communities in the Nature Reserves of the Oświęcim Basin
Authors: Wilczek Zbigniew , Romańczyk Michał , Barć Alicja 
Published: March 2012

The landscape of the Oświęcim Basin, naturally dominated by forest communities, has been strongly transformed due to the long-term activities of man. Across time and space, it has been stamped by pond management and agriculture to the highest degree. Despite such a strong transformation of the natural environment fragments of forests which reflect the peculiarities of forest vegetation of the macroregion still occur. These are the Żaki and the Przeciszów nature reserves. The goal of the phytosociological studies done within their borders was the assessment of the Tilio-Carpinetum phytocoenoses which dominate in the reserves, regarding their: maintenance, naturalness, anthropological changes and compliance to anthropopressure, as well as natural values. Therefore, analyses related to the share of: character species, ancient woodland indicators and synanthropes were performed for purposes of the study. It has been proposed that transformations of the forest communities be assessed using the new formula of floristic naturalness coefficient (WNF), based on the share of ancient woodland and synanthropic species.
Analytical approach calculating eigenfrequencies and modes of stator cores in AC machines
Authors: Witczak Paweł 
Published: March 2012

Analytical approach calculating eigenfrequencies and modes of stator cores in AC machinesThe paper describes analytical approach solving the problem of dynamic analysis of two-dimensional fields of vibrational displacements and rotations caused by magnetic forces acting on stator of AC machine. Final set of three differential equations converted into algebraic ones is given and it is confronted with numerical solutions obtained by finite element method.
3-D optimal design of laminated yoke of billet heater for rolling wire rod using ON/OFF method
Authors: Takahashi Norio , Nakazaki Shunsuke , Miyagi Daisuke , Uchida Naoki , Kawanaka Keiji , Namba Hideyuki 
Published: March 2012

3-D optimal design of laminated yoke of billet heater for rolling wire rod using ON/OFF methodThe optimization method using the ON/OFF sensitivity analysis has an advantage that an epoch-making construction of magnetic circuit may be obtained. Therefore, it is attractive for designers of magnetic devices. We have already developed the ON/OFF method for the optimization of a static magnetic field problem, and the effectiveness is verified by applying it to the optimization of magnetic recording heads. In this paper, the ON/OFF sensitivity method is extended to the optimization of the eddy current problem using the adjoint variable. The newly developed ON/OFF method is applied to the determination of the optimal topology of the yoke of the billet heater for rolling wire rod. As a result, the optimal shape of yoke, which we could not imagine beforehand can be obtained. It is shown that the local heating of the yoke was reduced without decreasing the heating efficiency.
Early Christian Art and Divine Epiphany
Authors: Jensen Robin M. 
Published: March 2012

Abstract: Drawing upon the work of art historians, historians of ancient Christianity have incorporated the evidence of early Christian visual art in their studies, primarily in order to identify the iconographic content, formal style, and social or religious context of the artifacts or monuments under consideration. This essay argues that, while their standard motifs and compositions undoubtedly served a didactic purpose and reflected the cultural, ideological, or exegetical location, practices, or commitments of patrons, early Christian art also served an epiphanic function; it presented the divine image to viewers in an external and accessible form. Thus, by attending specifically to the relationship of image and observer and the setting in which these objects were viewed, it is possible to see them, like later icons, as devices that facilitated meditation, prayer, and even visionary encounters with the holy.
Theosophical Influences on the Painting and Writing of Lawren Harris: Re-Imagining Theosophy through Canadian Art
Authors: Stoeber Michael 
Published: March 2012

Abstract: Lawren Harris (1885–1970) was a prominent painter in Canada and the United States. He was instrumental in the forming of the Canadian Group of Seven in 1920, and in the 1930s he helped to organize the Canadian Group of Painters and the Transcendental Painting Group in New Mexico. Harris worked to promote the development of the arts in Canada, and he became an influential figure whose paintings are currently quite popular and valuable. In 1924 he became a formal member of the Toronto Lodge of the International Theosophical Society. He was a committed and active theosophist, and he published a number of essays and contributed to radio broadcasts on the topic. He was influenced by theosophical beliefs and ideas throughout his life, so much so that one might say that he re-imagined theosophy through Canadian art. This paper explores the nature and role of theosophical ideas in the visual art and writings of Lawren Harris. It clarifies and analyzes the way in which he drew upon theosophical theory in relating art to spiritual transformation and liberation, and in the development of his views of the soul, the artistic process, and intuitive and mystical experiences. It also illustrates how theosophical beliefs and ideas influenced and informed some of Harris's paintings. The paper also reflects in the conclusion on the nature and significance of Harris's thought and painting as a possible response or option to contemporary materialist theories of art, drawing briefly on related ideas espoused by Wassily Kandinsky and proposed in modern art therapy and practical theology.
Ice motion and mass balance at the Allan Hills blue-ice area, Antarctica, with implications for paleoclimate reconstructions
Authors: Spaulding Nicole E. , Spikes Vandy B. , Hamilton Gordon S. , Mayewski Paul A. , Dunbar Nelia W. , Harvey Ralph P. , Schutt John , Kurbatov Andrei V. 
Published: March 2012

AbstractWe present a new surface-balance and ice-motion dataset derived from high-precision GPS measurements from a network of steel poles within three icefields of the Allan Hills blue-ice area, Antarctica. The surveys were conducted over a 14 year time period. Ice-flow velocities and mass- balance estimates for the main icefield (MIF) are consistent with those from pre-GPS era measurements but have much smaller uncertainties. The current study also extends these measurements through the near-western icefield (NWIF) to the eastern edge of the mid-western icefield (MWIF). The new dataset includes, for the first time, well-constrained evidence of upward motion within the Allan Hills MIF, indicating that old ice should be present at the surface. These data and terrestrial meteorite ages suggest that paleoclimate reconstructions using the surface record within the Allan Hills MIF could potentially extend the ice-core-based record beyond the 800 000 years currently available in the EPICA Dome C core.
Numerical simulations of cyclic behaviour in the Parallel Ice Sheet Model (PISM)
Authors: Van Pelt Ward J.J. , Oerlemans Johannes 
Published: March 2012

AbstractNumerical experiments are conducted on a synthetic topography with a three-dimensional thermomechanically coupled ice-sheet model, the Parallel Ice Sheet Model (PISM). Within the model, combined stress balances are connected to evolving thermodynamics and hydrology. The sensitivity of cyclic behaviour to changes in sliding-law parameters and the climate input is studied. Multiple types of oscillations were found, with strong variations in both amplitude and frequency. A physical description is given, in which these variations and transitions from one oscillation type to another are linked to the interplay of stresses, heat transport and hydrological processes. High-frequency oscillations (period 114-169 years), which are shown to have a major impact on ice velocities and a small effect on the ice volume, are related to variations in the water distribution at the base. Low-frequency cycles (period 1000+ years), which have a major impact on both velocities and ice volume, are linked to changes in the thermal regime. Oscillation characteristics are shown to be strongly sensitive to changes in sliding-law parameters and the prescribed surface temperature and mass balance. Incorporating a surface-height dependence of the mass balance is shown to provide an additional feedback, which may induce long- period oscillations.
Les Modalités du voyage: trajets temporels et itinéraires identitaires dans les œuvres de Déwé Görödé (1985–2009)
Authors: Jouve Dominique 
Published: March 2012

Résumé Les notions de voyage et de trajet s'entendent dans la littérature kanak francophone de Déwé Görödé dans une perspective militante et féministe. L’étude s'appuie sur les poésies et les nouvelles parues entre 1985 et 2009 pour analyser les rapports entre la présentation d'un monde kanak défini par relation avec son lieu donné comme identitaire, la tribu détruite et déstructurée par la colonisation, et les nouvelles relations spatiales entraînées par les activités militantes. Sans s'attacher à l'idéalisation du passé d'avant la colonisation, l'auteure donne à voir la nécessité du retour à la tribu, l'ouverture de nouveaux réseaux liés au souci de l'internationalisation des luttes et de nouvelles difficultés pour les femmes, avec la mise en accusation d'un donjuanisme masculin persistant.
Les électeurs de la N-VA aux élections fédérales du 13 juin 2010
Authors: Swyngedouw Mark , Abts Koen 
Published: March 2012

La N-VA reste de loin le premier parti en Flandre : de récents sondages la placent toujours en tête des intentions de vote, malgré un léger tassement. Qui sont ses électeurs ? Le Courrier hebdomadaire en dresse un profil-type basé sur l’électorat de 2010. Les auteurs ont interrogé quelque 1800 électeurs flamands, dont près du tiers ayant voté pour le parti de Bart De Wever. Les résultats de cette enquête permettent d’établir dans quelle mesure l’électorat de la N-VA est représentatif de la population flamande. Ces électeurs se recrutent dans presque toutes les couches socio-culturelles et socio-économiques. Les cadres supérieurs, les employés et les fonctionnaires sont cependant légèrement surreprésentés, à l’inverse des indépendants, des ouvriers non qualifiés et des diplômés du primaire : l’extraordinaire poussée de la N-VA ne s’explique donc pas par le vote des couches populaires. Par ailleurs, même s’il est majoritairement chrétien, l’électorat de la N-VA transcende largement tous les clivages religieux et idéologiques. L’étude éclaire aussi les principales préoccupations de l’électorat de la N-VA, et notamment ses positions vis-à-vis de la structure future de la Belgique, du nationalisme flamand et de l’immigration. Distinguant entre électeurs fidèles et électeurs conquis en 2010, elle permet de se rendre de compte de l’impact exact de l’« effet De Wever » et de la volonté de changement politique qui s’exprime au sein de la population néerlandophone.
Lien entre Motivation et Insight dans la prise en charge des addictions
Authors: De Sousa Carla , Romo Lucia , Excoffier Angélique , Guichard Jean-Pierre 
Published: March 2012

Résumé Dans le domaine des addictions, différentes théories motivationnelles existent, comme le modèle transthéorique de Prochaska et Diclemente, la théorie de l’autodétermination de Deci et Ryan, le principe de flux de Csikszentmihalyi, et le modèle PRIME de West et West, afin d’aider les personnes concernées à dépasser leur problème. Miller et Rollnick définissent la motivation comme étant la probabilité qu’une personne s’engage et poursuive une démarche spécifique de changement. Il s’agit d’une dimension indispensable pour l’adhésion aux traitements et pour le maintien du changement. Dans les services de prise en charge des addictions, le manque d’observance au traitement médicamenteux, les abandons précoces et les rechutes sont des problèmes fréquemment rencontrés. Face à ces difficultés, nous nous sommes intéressés à des études portant sur la motivation au changement chez des patients dépendants à une substance. Par ailleurs, l’insight est une dimension souvent étudiée chez les schizophrènes, mais beaucoup moins chez les patients alcoolodépendants. Il se définit comme « la perception et la conscience de son propre trouble ». Des études ont mis en évidence le rôle de l’insight et de la motivation sur la compliance au traitement. Nous avons passé en revue la littérature abordant le lien entre ces différentes notions. Nous nous interrogeons quant à l’implication de l’insight sur la motivation dans les addictions.
Review ofEuthera(Diptera: Tachinidae) in North America with the description of a new species
Authors: O'Hara James E. 
Published: March 2012

AbstractEutheraLoew is a small but cosmopolitan genus of Tachinidae with distinctive smoky black cross bands on the wings. There are three described species in North America,Euthera bicolorCoquillett,Euthera setifaciesBrooks, andEuthera tentatrixLoew. A new species from California and New Mexico is described asEuthera woodisp. nov.in honour of dipterist D. Monty Wood. A key and digital images are provided for the identification of the four species, and the three previously described species are diagnosed.Oebalus mexicana(Sailer) andNezara viridula(L.) (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) are new host records forE. bicolorandE. tentatrix, respectively.
Measurement of Autophagic Activity in Mammalian Cells
Authors: Menzies Fiona M. , Moreau Kevin , Puri Claudia , Renna Maurizio , Rubinsztein David C. 
Published: March 2012

AbstractMacroautophagy (referred to herein as autophagy) is a process in which cells engulf portions of cytoplasm in double‐membrane vesicles called autophagosomes. These autophagosomes can also capture protein oligomers associated with neurodegenerative diseases, infectious agents (like bacteria), and even organelles (like mitochondria). Autophagosomes are transported along microtubules towards the microtubule organizing center of cells, where the lysosomes are clustered. After fusion and content exchange with lysosomes, the autophagosome cargo is degraded by lysosomal hydrolases. This unit describes some of the core autophagy assays that are in common use, including LC3 immunoblotting, light microscopy analyses of different stages of autophagy, electron microscopy, and an assay of autophagy substrate accumulation. Autophagy assays should generally not be performed alone, but should be accompanied by complementary assays to enable robust interpretations. Curr. Protoc. Cell Biol. 54:15.16.1‐15.16.25. © 2012 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Analysis of Nonsense‐Mediated mRNA Decay in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Kebaara Bessie W. , Baker Kristian E. , Patefield Krista D. , Atkin Audrey L. 
Published: March 2012

AbstractNonsense‐mediated mRNA decay is a highly conserved pathway that degrades mRNAs with premature termination codons. These mRNAs include mRNAs transcribed from nonsense or frameshift alleles as well as wild‐type mRNA with signals that direct ribosomes to terminate prematurely. This unit describes techniques to monitor steady‐state mRNA levels, decay rates, and structural features of mRNAs targeted by this pathway, as well as in vivo analysis of nonsense suppression and allosuppression in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Protocols for the structural features of mRNA include analysis of cap status, 5′ and 3′ untranslated region (UTR) lengths, and poly(A) tail length. Curr. Protoc. Cell Biol. 54:27.3.1‐27.3.39. © 2012 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Laser Spectrometric Techniques in Analytical Atomic Spectrometry
Authors: Axner Ove , Galbács Gábor 
Published: March 2012

AbstractThe main purpose of this article is to describe the theory, instrumentation, and analytical performance of laser analytical atomic spectrometry, focusing on absorption, fluorescence, and ionization techniques. The structure of the article is such that it first provides an outline of the theory of light‐matter interactions that prevail for each type of technique as well as of the most common modulation techniques, primarily, wavelength modulation (WM). This is followed by a section that covers the most important types of instrumentation used. The article finally provides a detailed discussion on the specific instrumentation, mode of operation, use, performance, and applications (both analytical and diagnostic) of each technique.In terms of laser atomic absorption, the focus of the discussion is on the use of approaches to enhance the detection capability by either reducing the amount of noise (as is done by the wavelength modulation absorption spectrometry (WMAS) technique) or by providing an extended interaction length (giving rise to cavity‐enhanced absorption spectrometry (CEAS) techniques in general, and cavity ring‐down spectrometry (CRDS) in particular). Laser atomic fluorescence techniques (often referred to aslaser‐excited atomic fluorescence spectrometry(LEAFS)) as well as laser ionization techniques (termed eitherlaser‐enhanced ionization(LEI) orresonance ionization spectrometry(RIS)) are also covered in some detail. It is shown that several of these techniques are capable of detecting a variety of elements in liquid samples down to low picogram per milliliter (pg mL−1) or parts‐per‐trillion (ppt) concentrations and in low femtogram amounts. Also other properties of the techniques, e.g. selectivity and linear dynamic range (LDR), are in general superior to those of conventional (nonlaser‐based techniques).