bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Network analysis and experimental verification of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge-Reynoutria japonica Houtt. drug pair in the treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
Authors: Chen Huafeng , Yan Shengzhe , Xiang Qianru , Liang Jiamin , Deng Xuejian , He Wanqin , Cheng Yanzhen , Yang Li 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Context:There are currently no approved specific clinical drugs for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge-Reynoutria japonica Houtt. drug pair (SRDP) has been widely used in the treatment of chronic liver diseases. However, the mechanism of SRDP treating NAFLD remains unclear.
Objective:Based on network analysis and in vitro experimental verification, we investigated the effect of SRDP on lipid deposition and explored its possible mechanism for the treatment of NAFLD.
Methods:The TCMSP platform was used to screen the active metabolites of SRDP and corresponding targets. The GeneCards and OMIM databases were used to screen the NAFLD targets. The drug-disease intersecting targets were extracted to obtain the potential targets. Then the protein-protein interaction (PPI) and drug-active metabolites-target-disease network map was constructed. The DAVID database was performed to GO and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis for the intersecting targets. The core active metabolite and signaling pathway were verified by in vitro experiments.
Results:Network analysis predicted 59 active metabolites and 89 targets of SRDP for the treatment of NAFLD. 112 signaling pathways were enriched for KEGG pathways, including PI3K-AKT signaling pathway,etc. It was confirmed that luteolin, the core active metabolite of SRDP, effectively reduced fat accumulation and intracellular triglyceride content in HepG2 fatty liver cell model. Luteolin could inhibit mTOR pathway by inhibiting PI3K-AKT signaling pathway phosphorylation, thereby activating autophagy to alleviate NAFLD.
Discussion and Conclusion:The results of this study validate and predict the possible role of various active metabolites of SRDP in the treatment of NAFLD through multiple targets and signaling pathways. The core active metabolite of SRDP, luteolin can alleviate NAFLD by acting on the PI3K-AKT-mTOR signaling pathway to induce autophagy.
Designing and validating an interprofessional module on patient safety in India centred on International Patient Safety Goals
Authors: Gupta Monica , Ramakrishana Anand , Mahmood Lulu Sherif , Ranapurwala Mustafa , Modi Chirag , Joshi Sunil , Prakash Harihara , Ghosh Sarmishtha , Singh Suman , Sarate Shany , Pandya Himanshu V 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background
According to the WHO, Patient Safety (PS) is a global health priority and is a fundamental component for Universal Health Coverage. The Global Patient Safety Collaborative (2018) has emphasised building competent, skilled, and compassionate health workforce through interprofessional (IP) education and training in PS. The curriculum of Health Professions Education (HPE) in most disciplines, in India, does not include a structured component on PS. The International Patient Safety Goals (IPSG) were developed in 2006 by the Joint Commission International (JCI). IPSG help hospitals address specific areas of concern in some of the most problematic areas of PS. The study proposes a validated IP module on PS and its integration in the health professions curriculum in India, based on IPSG as mentioned in the Indian Nursing Curriculum.
Method
The module was designed based on Kern’s 6 steps of curriculum development and 12 strategies recommended by El-Awaisi et al and finalised through 5 rounds of focus group discussions with a proposed plan to run over 2 weeks, without interrupting the planned schedule of internship. Twelve IP experts from Medical, Nursing and Physiotherapy professions participated in the content validation through Delphi technique. The module will be implemented and evaluated in the subsequent academic year at Bhaikaka University and reported, post-implementation. This is an educational, interventional, mixed method study using descriptive analysis for quantitative data and qualitative analysis for reflections and feedback from learners and faculty.
Discussion
The study resulted in a validated, compact, contextual IP module on PS which is replicable. There was consensus on all 7 proposed competencies, 22 specific learning objectives, teaching-learning methods and assessment methodology through Delphi Technique, with a content validity ratio of 0.78 for each item. The module addresses a felt gap in the Indian HPE by incorporating core IP competencies and critical PS concerns, inclusive of medication safety, health care-associated infections and unsafe surgeries. In the long run, it will lead to reduced adverse events, better patient outcomes and therefore, health improvement. at Bhaikaka University and other institutions. In agreement with Wu et al we recommend that PS be included as a basic science for HPE.
Genetic isolation and metabolic complexity of an Antarctic subglacial microbiome
Authors: Kim Ok-Sun , Hwang Kyuin , Lee Hanbyul , Kim Soyeon , Cho Ahnna , Davis Christina , Christner Brent , Priscu John , Kim Kyung Mo 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Microbes inhabiting and evolving in aquatic ecosystems at the base of polar ice sheets subsist under energy-limited conditions while in relative isolation from surface gene pools and their common ancestral populations of origin. Samples recently obtained from the base of West Antarctic Ice Sheet (WAIS) allowed us to examine evolutionary relationships of and identify metabolic pathways in microbial genomes recovered from the Mercer Subglacial Lake (SLM) ecosystem. We obtained 1,374 single-cell amplified genomes from individual bacterial and archaeal cells that were isolated from samples of SLM’s water column and sediments. Genome-based taxonomic classification coherently identified nearly all of the subglacial microorganisms as new species or novel taxonomic groups, and phylogenomic analyses showed evidence for genetically isolation of the microbial populations from marine and surface biomes. Comparative genomic analysis revealed a lake ecosystem exhibiting a range of metabolisms to oxidize various organic and inorganic compounds via aerobic or anerobic respiration. Network construction identified two distinct organotrophic and chemolithotrophic metabolic guilds that may operate alternatively depending on oxygen availability. Our SAG data imply substantial metabolic flexibility in the microbial assemblage characterized, reveal key energy generating strategies in the subglacial ecosystem, and provide a framework to assess microbial evolution beneath WAIS.
COVID-19 Vaccine Equity, Distribution, and Cases in Global and Non-Global South Countries
Authors: Melesse Tigist Mekonnen , Nguyen Thuy Dieu , Kassa Getachew Mullu 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

The rapid development of vaccines against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has made an important contribution to reducing both viral transmission and disease burden. In this study, we tracked COVID-19 vaccine equity, distribution, and cases in global and non-global southern countries using country-level data from our World in Data using event study analysis. We used data from 149 Global South countries and 59 Non-Global South countries between January 2020 and May 2022 and compared the vaccine distributions between Global South countries and Non-Global South countries. All non-Global South countries and 90.32% of Global South countries had universally available vaccines. The median time since the introduction of the first COVID-19 vaccine in the Global South was almost eight weeks later than that in non-Global South countries. The median number of people fully vaccinated per hundred (68.8 vs. 50.31) and the total number of boosters administered per hundred (45.7 vs. 13.02) were greater in non-Global South countries than in Global South countries. The results of the two-way fixed effects models show a positive association between new COVID-19 cases or deaths and a measure of COVID-19 exposure, including COVID-19 cases in the previous period, COVID-19 vaccination uptake in the previous period, and the government response stringency index. The event study analysis does not demonstrate significantly different trends in event time around the first COVID-19 vaccination rollout. These findings indicate that types of causal inference questions in complex systems such as pandemics are difficult to address, and it is important to supplement regression analysis with descriptive analysis.
JEL Code: I12; I14; I18
Trapped and fractured stent in the Left Main Coronary Artery, a Case Report
Authors: Shalaby Mahmoud , Ettish Amr , Elwany Mostafa 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

- Background: Despite the wide use and great advances of PCI procedures, complications still do occur. Stent entrapment is a rare yet a serious complication of PCI procedures. To our knowledge, this is the first report of such complication to involve the LM coronary artery following a previous LM stenting.
- Case Presentation: We present a case of a 65-year-old man who suffered stent entrapment and fracture in a previously deployed LM stent during an elective PCI procedure. This complication necessitated emergency surgical intervention for retrieval of the entrapped stent.
- Conclusion: This case report highlights the potential complication of PCI material entrapment after previous LM stenting.
Nutcracker syndrome and glomerulonephritis in pediatric patients: A causal or coincidental association?
Authors: Ki So Hyun , Son Min Hwa , Yim Hyung Eun 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background
Nutcracker syndrome (NCS) has been reported to coexist with various glomerulonephritis (GN). This study investigated clinical features of NCS combined with GN in a pediatric case series and the possible relationship between these two conditions.
Methods
Clinical and pathologic findings of 15 children with NCS and biopsy-proven GN were analyzed. NCS was diagnosed with renal Doppler ultrasonography, abdominal computed tomography, and/or magnetic resonance imaging. Glomerular lesions were divided into two pathological categories: minor glomerular abnormalities (MGAs) and definite GN.
Results
Mean age of all patients was 11 ± 3.36 years and mean follow-up duration was 53.2 ± 28.7 months. Chief complaint was proteinuria with or without hematuria. During follow-up, five patients developed left kidney enlargement. Abnormal levels in immunological tests were revealed in 10 patients. Extrarenal symptoms including gonadal varicocle, splenic cyst, syncope, and anemia were found in 7 patients. On kidney biopsy, 7 patients had MGAs and 8 children showed definite GN (one case of focal GN, one case of mesangial proliferative GN, one case of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, two cases of IgA vasculitis nephritis, and three cases of IgA nephropathy). While there were no differences in age, baseline estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), immunological tests, clinical features of NCS, or extrarenal symptoms between the two groups, patients with NCS combined with MGAs showed higher proportion of isolated proteinuria and eGFR decline (both P < 0.05).
Conclusions
NCS may be associated with the presence of various GN. The causal relationship between NCS and GN should be further investigated.
Macrophage-derived Microvesicles Coated Nanoparticles Loaded with TGF-β1 Resolve Acute Lung Injury via Regulatory B Cell Activation
Authors: Jing Ren , Liao Xiaoting , Mo Jianlan , He Sheng , Xie Xianlong , Dai Huijun , Hu Zhaokun , Pan Linghui 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Regulatory B cells (Breg) are vital for inflammation and tissue injury resolution. Here, we investigated the role of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1)-producing Breg in the murine model of ventilation-induced lung injury (VILI). The percentages of pulmonary CD19highCD44(+) TGF-β1(+) Breg were increased at PV1d and PV10d in VILI mice. Lung injury and inflammation were attenuated by up-regulating TGF-β1 levels with regulation of T-cell immunity. To prolong and stabilize the effect of exogenous TGF-β1, macrophage-derived microvesicles-coated nanoparticles (MNP) loaded TGF-β1(TMNP) were synthesized, and VILI mice were divided into sham, recombinant TGF-β1 (rTGF-β), MNP, and TMNP groups. TMNP increased the TGF-β1 levels in serum and lung tissues at PV10d. Compared with rTGF-β group, lung injury and inflammation in TMNP group at PV1d were attenuated with Breg proliferation; TMNP induced the reduction of pulmonary CD4(+) T cell proportions and CD4(+)/CD8a(+) T cell ratios, but promoted the proliferation of pulmonary CD8a(+) T cells at PV1d and PV10d. Together, TMNP promote the resolution of inflammatory lung injury, which may be associated with the proliferation of Breg to maintain immunological homeostasis.
The Impact of Physical Activity Level on Mental Health: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of Young Adults
Authors: Çakır Gökhan , Işık Utku , KAVALCI İsa 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

The aim of this study is to determine the role of physical activity on mental health. The study group consisted of 427 students studying at the university. Personal Information Form, International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form, Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-Being Scale Short Form, Psychological Resilience Scale (Short Form) and Psychological Vulnerability Scale were used as data collection tools. The normal distribution of the data was analysed through skewness and kurtosis values. MANOVA, Chi-Square Test, Pearson correlation coefficient, and Multiple Stepwise Regression tests were used to analyse the data. The findings show that female students are more inactive and do less vigorous activities than males. Compared to these findings, the proportional distribution of physical activity level according to grade level is similar. Descriptive findings show that students have relatively high levels of psychological vulnerability. It was observed that mental health components were interrelated. Also, students who are physically active enough have higher levels of mental well-being and psychological resilience and lower levels of psychological vulnerability. Finally, it was observed that walking activity was the best predictor of students' psychological resilience and mental well-being, and together with moderate level of physical activity, walking activity led to a significant increase in the level of mental well-being.
KLD: A Program to Elucidate the Localization of the Fermi and Coulomb Holes in Molecular Systems
Authors: Bedoya Valeria , Rodríguez Vladimir , Rincón Luis , Zambrano Cesar , Seijas Luis Eduardo , Torres F. Javier 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

The present paper contains a detailed description of the design and implementation of the program KLD, which was primarily developed to elucidate electron localization in molecular systems by evaluating the information content of electron-pair density functions. In our method, the electron-pair conditional density is compared with the electron density by means of the Kullback-Leibler divergence. After briefly introducing the importance of possessing appropriate means to study electron localization and providing some theoretical background, the algorithm and code are thoroughly described. A subsequent section describes a recent implementation of the program aimed at reducing computational costs. Moreover, results on the time scaling and speedup obtained for a set of simple molecules are thoroughly discussed. The obtained data show that our most recent version of our code computes electron localization approximately an order of magnitude faster compared to older versions.
Reliability verification of damping capacity assessment in peri-implant bone loss model: An experimental animal study
Authors: Pyo Se-Wook , Kim Gi Youn , Chang Jae-Seung , Kim Sunjai 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Objectives: This in vivo animal study aimed to determine the diagnostic reliability of a damping capacity assessment by correlating the stability of dental implant with peri-implant bone loss using beagle dogs.
Materials and Methods: Thirty-two bone level implants composed of two different types were immediately placed at four beagle dogs without bone grafting. All implants were submerged, connected to a healing abutment, and loaded by superstructure. Each phase lasted 4 weeks for a total of 12 weeks. Implant stability was measured every phase through a damping capacity assessment. Peri-implant bone loss, supporting bone volume, and bone to implant contact were also evaluated.
Results: Two platform switched implants failed at 8 and 12 weeks after placement, respectively. For the surviving 30 implants, peri-implant bone loss was observed to vary from 0.25 mm to 6.96 mm. Implant stability indices were found to have a strong negative correlation with peri-implant bone loss. It also had positive correlations with supporting bone volume and bone to implant contact ratio.
Conclusions: Damping capacity assessment appears to be effective as a diagnostic tool for various types of peri-implant bone resorption in this study. However, the diagnostic ability of early bone resorption of implants is controversial.
Astrocyte-derived HMGB1 promotes subcellular translocation of AQP4 and blood-brain barrier disruption during JEV infection
Authors: Zou Song-Song , Wang Ke , Cui Min 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Blood-brain barrier (BBB) integrity is crucial for maintaining the function and environmental homeostasis of the central nervous system (CNS). Astrocytes play a critical role in the constitution of the BBB. In this study, we found that Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) infection causes HMGB1 to translocate and release from the nucleus to the extracellular space in astrocytes, as well as elevated HMGB1 levels in the brain, which is related to BBB breakdown. Mechanistically, extracellular HMGB1 induces Ca2+ influx into astrocytes, leading to the overexpression of calmodulin (CaM) and the water channel protein aquaporin-4 (AQP4), triggering the phosphorylation of calmodulin kinase II (CaMKII) and promoting the translocation of AQP4 from the cytoplasm to the cell membrane. Inhibition of CaM, CaMKII, and AQP4 could block the cell membrane translocation of AQP4, thereby alleviating HMGB1-mediated BBB disruption. Extracellular HMGB1 is considered a potential target for mitigating neuroinflammation and BBB disruption. The positive feedback loop of HMGB1 exacerbates the disturbance of the BBB. These findings indicate that the HMGB1-AQP4 axis plays a role in the regulation of BBB integrity, presenting a new therapeutic target for the clinical treatment of JE and other CNS illnesses.
Association and Pathogenic Mechanisms of Solute Carrier-related Genes in Crohn's Disease
Authors: Tang Xiao , Kang Jian , He Taohong 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background
Crohn's disease (CD) is a challenging digestive system disorder, and the role of solute carrier-related genes (SLCRGs) in CD remains unknown.
Methods
We acquired two CD-related datasets from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. GWAS IDs for CD and exposure factors were obtained from the Integrative Epidemiology Unit Open GWAS database. Using SLCRGs, we conducted differential expression analysis between CD and normal cohorts, and CD-involved and CD-uninvolved cohorts, to identify differentially expressed SLCRGs (DE-SLCRGs). Single-variable Mendelian randomization (SVMR) estimated the risk of DE-SLCRGs in CD. Sensitivity analysis ensured the reliability of MR results.
Results
We identified 1561 upregulated and 830 downregulated differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between CD and normal cohorts. Additionally, 294 upregulated and 350 downregulated DEGs were found between CD-involved and CD-uninvolved cohorts. Based on DEGs, we identified two upregulated DE-SLCRGs and seven downregulated DE-SLCRGs. SVMR indicated SLC22A5 as a protective factor for CD. Functional enrichment showed SLC22A5's association with the 'chemokine-signaling pathway,' 'collagen binding,' and 'cell-substrate junction.' SLC22A5 was negatively correlated with natural killer cells. Predictively, we found 8 miRNAs and 19 compounds related to SLC22A5.
Conclusions
Our research validates the potential impact of SLC22A5, providing a foundation for exploring its regulatory mechanism in CD.
Green Synthesis of Nickel Oxide Nano particles from Lawasonia inermis leaf extract for promising Methyl red Uptake and Efficient Iodine Adsorption
Authors: Khalid Rimsha , Raza Saqlain , Areej Isham , Ashraf Faiza , Abid Amin 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Water pollution is the threat to the survival of life on mother earth but due to industrialization clean reservoirs of water deteriorated day by day which demands eco-friendly, cheap and highly efficient methods to counter this issue. So due to this pressing ultimatum nickel oxide (NiO) nanoparticles are synthesized with Lawasonia inermis as a reducing and capping agent. Green-synthesized NiO-NPs are analysed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and energy dispersive x-ray (EDX). In this study, synthesized NiO-NPs are used to remove methyl red (MR) and radioactive iodine from polluted water. The maximum adsorption efficiency of methyl red is 89% at contact time 120 minutes, pH 5.0, temperature 10 0C and adsorbent dose of 1 g. The percentage adsorption by weight of NiO nanoparticles for radioactive iodine is 225%. The adsorption capacity was calculated 4.58 mgg− 1 for methyl red at optimum conditions. Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin, and Dubinin-Radushkevich adsorption isotherms are studied, and the experimental data suggests that Langmuir isotherms are best fit with R2 = 0.996. According to a kinetic analysis, the pseudo 2ND order kinetic model best fits the adsorption mechanism having R2 = 0.993 A thermodynamic study shows the current process is spontaneous and endothermic, where Gibbs free energy (ΔG), enthalpy change (ΔH) and entropy change (ΔS) were − 5.9461 kjmol− 1, 33.04 kjmol− 1 and 0.00338 kjmol− 1K− 1, respectively. NiO NPs contribute to the degradation of methyl red with minimal resource utilization with promising efficiency. Additionally, in the future, it may be used for the degradation of other environmental contaminants. Graphical abstract of synthesis and application of NiO-NPs
DC &amp; AC Performance Analysis of a T gate AlGaN/GaN HEMT on BGO substrate
Authors: Anju S 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Investigation of DC and AC performance of Nano scale AlGaN/GaN High electron mobility transistors (HEMTs)with T shaped gate on a Beta Gallium Oxide (BGO) substrate is done. The DC and RF characteristics of the device are analysed using Silvaco TCAD software. The threshold voltage (Vth) and transconductance (gm) of the device are also analysed. The device exhibited a cut off frequency of 250 GHz and a maximum oscillation frequency of 830 GHz. The proposed device is compared with T Gate AlGaN/GaN HEMTs on other reported substrate-silicon carbide (4H-SiC), with similar dimension. The device performance was analysed at different temperatures. The dc and ac measurements revealed that AlGaN/GaN HEMTs grown on BGO substrates will be a superior among other substrates for high-power and high-frequency applications.