bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Is bigger better? Dyadic and multiparty integrative negotiations
Authors: Traavik Laura E.M. 
Published: May 2011

PurposeThe purpose of the study is to empirically investigate the similarities and differences between dyads and four‐party groups in an integrative negotiation.Design/methodology/approachData are collected in a between subjects experiment. A total of 182 participants completed a negotiation role play and questionnaire. Hypotheses are tested using t‐tests, MANOVAs and two multiple regression analyses.FindingsResults demonstrate that dyads do outperform groups on both the economic and subjective measures of outcomes. Sharing of priority information and the fixed pie bias was higher in groups than in dyads. For dyads the procedure used (considering more than one issue at a time) led to higher economic outcomes, and both procedure and problem solving were important for subjective outcomes. For four‐party negotiations, problem solving was significantly related to higher outcomes, on both economic and subjective outcomes, and procedure was moderately related to economic outcomes. Problem solving was significantly more important for the groups than for dyads on economic outcomes.Research limitations/implicationsThe controlled experimental setting could limit the generalizabiltiy of the findings. Measures of the intermediate variables could be improved by including additional items and observations. Future research is required in field settings using multiple measures of the process.Practical implicationsIn multiparty negotiation information sharing and the presence of cognitive biases may not be as important as focusing on a problem solving approach.Originality/valueAn empirical investigation that groups under‐perform dyads in an integrative negotiation has not been conducted before.
Cry not for books
Authors: Medeiros Norm 
Published: May 2011

PurposeThis article seeks to describe physical changes occurring in libraries, changes that accentuate public spaces, technology, and comfort while minimizing the prominence of stacks.Design/methodology/approachThe article uses features from the 2011 ALCTS Midwinter Symposium to argue in favor of user‐centered changes to academic libraries.FindingsThe article suggests the decreased emphasis and number of physical books in libraries should not be seen as a death knell to libraries or librarians.Originality/valueThe article offers encouragement to librarians who are concerned about the future role of the library.
Information fluid dynamics
Authors: Fox Robert 
Published: May 2011

PurposeThis column aims to investigate the possibilities of web services for the integration of information with relevant services.Design/methodology/approachThis is a viewpoint paper.FindingsThis column encourages the exploration of web services based on careful analysis and semantic ontologies in order to provide relevant integration of services and information.Practical implicationsThe rapid proliferation of web services – whether RESTful or SOAP based – offers many opportunities both internally and externally for libraries, but the adoption of web services needs to be tempered with careful planning and analysis.Originality/valueThe column offers some interesting suggestions for exploring theoretical options in the adoption of web service information and services. Some technical aspects of web service technology are discussed and then related to the core mission of librarianship, which is to assist patrons in navigating the great breadth of data available in increasing quantities via web service technology.
Overcoming resistance to change in digital library projects
Authors: Cervone H. Frank 
Published: May 2011

PurposeIn this paper, the author aims to define common causes of resistance to organizational change and describe several tactics project managers can use to overcome some of these causes.Design/methodology/approachUsing theory and example from other management studies, the author relates the relevance of these studies to methods project managers can use to overcome resistance to organizational change.FindingsResistance to change has several factors, some of them based on level of institutional investment in the change effort as well as the characteristics of interpersonal relations within the organization. Rather than focusing on one aspect, as some earlier research studies have suggested, overcoming resistance to change requires using tactics that can address all of the issues.Originality/valueThis paper fills a gap in the digital library project management literature by providing an overview of a useful methodology for addressing issues related to organizational change and resistance to that change.
Education and Poe's M. Valdemar: a metaphor in complexity
Authors: Abeles Tom P. 
Published: May 2011

PurposeThis editorial aims to introduce the special issue on the theme of complexity, and to discuss the situation in education, in terms of current issues such as knowledge, innovation and the Chinese example, whilst looking ahead to influences that might dictate the universities of the future.Design/methodology/approachThe article uses the metaphor of an Edgar Allen Poe character, M. Valdemar, to discuss the current state of the education system, particularly questioning its health and what the future might hold.FindingsThe present is a period of transformation and universities may not all survive in their current state.Originality/valueThis introduction provides an interesting view of the problems that universities currently face and the need for large transformation in the sector using a striking literary metaphor.
Education in a complex world: a political question to be answered
Authors: Konidari Victoria 
Published: May 2011

PurposeAfter insisting on the strong coupling between education and society, this paper aims to detect the symptoms of a crisis in education and present the reasons of pathology that testify to the failure of the actual paradigm of thinking.Design/methodology/approachCasting doubt on the economic model approach adopted in recent decades as being inappropriate for the educational field, the author goes from the peripheral question about students' outcomes and schools' effectiveness to the central question of societies' well‐being, arguing that the ultimate goal of education should be to lead individuals to understand how the world functions and help them find new ways to make the world.FindingsThis paper draws on research in literature on school populations (teachers, students). It is suggested that the inappropriateness of the paradigm of thinking adopted has altered education's nature and goals.Originality/valueExposing the main misunderstandings and confusions that has led to the above crisis, two epistemic transpositions are proposed as a way towards a new era.
Educating for the future and complexity
Authors: Jasman Anne , McIlveen Peter 
Published: May 2011

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to open up the question of how we prepare people to be resilient, flexible and capable of managing the uncertainties and complexities of the twenty‐first century by using both futures studies and complexity theory as a backdrop for a discussion of career education and teacher education in the future.Design/methodology/approachRecent developments in the work of others in futures studies and complexity theory are presented. These developments provide a framework for discussing current understandings of career and teacher education and to explore the possible trajectories for supporting learning to, in and through work across the lifespan.FindingsThrough applying futures studies and complexity theory to career and teacher education the authors conclude that these conceptual frameworks have much to offer practitioners and policy makers in the fields of career education and teacher education, and that theory development in these fields is already embracing the conceptual tools within these areas of study.Practical implicationsSuggestions are made for what will be needed in the future and how educational organisations will have to adapt in order to promote resilience and flexibility in the face of the uncertainty and complexity of learning and work in the twenty‐first century.Originality/valueThis paper brings together four distinct areas of research and scholarship – i.e. complexity theory, futures studies, career and teacher education – in order to explore possible and desirable trajectories for supporting learning to, in and through work across the lifespan.
Resisting chaos: the power of the humanities as a problem‐solving system
Authors: Katopes Peter 
Published: May 2011

PurposeThe purpose of this essay is to argue the importance of the humanities as a problem‐solving “system”, one which has for thousands of years provided humankind with the tools to make reasoned decisions about complex problems in an ever‐changing world.Design/methodology/approachThis essay places the idea of complexity within a historical and philosophical context.FindingsThe rise of new technologies has resulted in the notion that human beings are no longer capable of addressing complex problems. Too dogmatic a reliance upon technology, however, instead of leading to clarity, can lead to chaos and confusion.Social implicationsOne of the few remaining “big structures” which retains a significant degree of public trust is higher education. If we continue to devalue the one area of study – the humanities – which has as its ultimate purpose precisely the analysis of “complex issues” – in favor of quasi‐human systemic solutions or an alteration of the “epistemology” of education, we will surely render ourselves irrelevant.Originality/valueThis is an original approach and an original piece of work.
Nine paradoxes of problem solving
Authors: Lowy Alex 
Published: May 2011

PurposeThis paper aims to show how a common aspect of complex problems is that they often contain some form of paradox. By addressing the inherent paradox, decision‐makers can better understand and solve complex problems.Design/methodology/approachThe paper identifies nine paradoxes that are encountered with surprising frequency in corporate decision making.FindingsThe paper finds that learning to recognize the most frequent types of problem‐solving paradoxes and their influence will save leaders some frustration, and perhaps help them and other members of the management team do a better job of navigating their firm's opportunities and challenges.Practical implicationsThe paper explains why the only way to make truly “rational” decisions is to invent parts of the picture that do not exist because they lie somewhere in the future or beyond our ability to calculate.Originality/valueBy identifying nine seemingly illogical paradoxes that often thwart “rational” decision making, and suggesting how to deal with them, the author offers a handy guide for leaders.
Mixed methods research: don't – “just do it”
Authors: De Loo Ivo , Lowe Alan 
Published: May 2011

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to identify some of the dilemmas involved in the debate on the how, when and why of mixed methods research.Design/methodology/approachThe authors' starting point is formed by developments in the philosophy of science literature, and recent publications on mixed methods research outside of the management accounting domain.FindingsContrary to recent claims made in the management accounting literature, the authors assert that uncovering points of disagreement between methods may be as far as researchers can go by combining them. Being reflexive can help to provide a deeper understanding of the research process and the researcher's role in this process.Research limitations/implicationsThe paper should extend the debate among management accounting researchers about mixed methods research. One of the lessons drawn is that researchers are actively immersed in the research process and cannot purge their own interests and views. Accepting this lesson casts doubt on what the act of research may imply and achieve.Practical implicationsThe paper shows that combinations of research methods should not be made based on a “whatever works” attitude, since this approach ultimately is still infused with ontological and epistemological considerations that researchers have, and should try to explicate.Originality/valueThe value of this paper lies in the provision of philosophical underpinnings that have not been widely considered in the management accounting literature on mixed methods to date.
Isomorphism and foreign subsidiary staffing policies
Authors: Ando Naoki 
Published: May 2011

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explore determinants that affect foreign subsidiary staffing policies by employing institutional theory as a theoretical foundation.Design/methodology/approachHypotheses are developed regarding determinants of the ratio of parent country nationals (PCNs) to foreign subsidiary employees. To examine the hypotheses, Tobit regressions are run using a sample of 1,998 foreign subsidiaries of Japanese manufacturers in 40 countries.FindingsThe PCN ratio of foreign subsidiaries is positively associated with the parent firm's taken‐for‐granted PCN ratio and the PCN ratio adopted by other Japanese firms in the same cognitive category. In addition, the positive relationship between the PCN ratio adopted by other Japanese firms in the same cognitive category and the PCN ratio of foreign subsidiaries is moderated by the international experience of the parent firm, such that the positive relationship is weaker as the parent firm accumulates international experience.Originality/valueThe study described in this paper incorporates a sociological perspective into a framework that explains foreign subsidiary staffing decisions. In addition, it shows that under conditions of uncertainty, foreign firms adopt a normatively rational staffing policy, although this does not necessarily guarantee economic rationality.
Work role and work adjustment in emerging markets
Authors: Kittler Markus G. , Rygl David , Mackinnon Alex , Wiedemann Katja 
Published: May 2011

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to analyze four major aspects of the work role and how they influence the expatriate work adjustment in Central and Eastern Europe (CEE) and Russia.Design/methodology/approachThe study uses a quantitative design. Self‐reported data were collected from 113 German expatriates assigned to the CEE region and Russia.FindingsThe results of the study confirm the hypothesized negative association of work adjustment with role conflict and support a positive association with role clarity. Positive relationships of work adjustment with role flexibility and negative relationships with role novelty are not supported.Originality/valueThe empirical results partially confirm but also challenge the established connection of work role and work adjustment in a less well understood geographical context and provide relevant material for the business practitioner with implications for future research.
Fostering expatriate affective commitment: a total reward perspective
Authors: Tornikoski Christelle 
Published: May 2011

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine whether organizations can encourage the loyalty of their international employees through the composition of their expatriate packages.Design/methodology/approachTwo separate but complementary theoretical perspectives – the total reward approach, and the exchange‐based construct of state of the psychological contract (SPC) – are used to explain the affective commitment of expatriates. Hypotheses are developed and tested on a sample of 263 assigned and self‐initiated expatriates from Finland.FindingsA positive SPC relating to tangible universal rewards (i.e. the compensation package traditionally considered in previous expatriate research) is not linked to an increase in the overall affective commitment of expatriates. In contrast, a very strong positive relationship was found between the expatriates' SPC relating to total rewards (which include intangible particularistic rewards (IPR)) and affective commitment.Research limitations/implicationsThe sample only includes highly educated Finnish expatriates, which limits the external validity of the results. Moreover, the cross‐sectional nature of this study does not allow for confirmation of the cause‐effect relationship between the SPC and affective commitment.Practical implicationsThe results suggest that, as a rule, organizations could improve the retention of their valuable international employees via the exchange of IPR usually found in socio‐emotional and trusting employment relationships.Originality/valueFirst, this paper focuses on expatriate perceptions regarding their compensation. Second, it applies the “concreteness” and “particularism” dimensions developed by Foa and Foa to distinguish between the constituting components of the bundle of total rewards and provide an evaluation‐oriented measure of the SPC relating to this bundle. Third, this approach enables explaining expatriates' affective commitment.
Expatriate compensation packages: what do employees prefer?
Authors: Warneke Doris , Schneider Martin 
Published: May 2011

PurposeHeterogeneous employee preferences may encumber employers' attempts to standardize expatriate compensation packages. The purpose of this paper is to outline an empirical approach that informs employers about their employees' preferences concerning an international assignment.Design/methodology/approachUtility theory and conjoint measurement techniques are applied. Employees, it is argued, derive utility from the multiple characteristics of the assignment in terms of working conditions, career prospects, and living conditions. Employees perceive that utility relative to their country‐specific status quo. Such preferences may be measured with conjoint analysis.FindingsTo illustrate the methodology, German and Spanish employees in one company were given the scenario of an assignment in the USA. Measured preferences, though partly heterogeneous, were systematically related to the home country's institutional and cultural environment (societal effect).Research limitations/implicationsMore countries should be included in future studies. Studies of this kind may be related to the concepts of institutional and cultural distance.Practical implicationsBased on these findings, worldwide policies and procedures on expatriate compensation packages may be formulated to strike a better balance between standardization and the needs of a heterogeneous global workforce.Originality/valueThe paper presents a first systematic model of the preferences that guide the employee decision to accept or decline an international assignment, and it illustrates how these preferences can be measured.
Modeling effects of oxygen inhibition in mask‐based stereolithography
Authors: Jariwala Amit S. , Ding Fei , Boddapati Aparna , Breedveld Victor , Grover Martha A. , Henderson Clifford L. , Rosen David W. 
Published: May 2011

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to present a model that can be used to simulate the photopolymerization process in micro‐stereolithography (SL) in order to predict the shape of the cured parts. SL is an additive manufacturing process in which liquid photopolymer resin is cross‐linked and converted to solid with a UV laser light source. Traditional models of SL processes do not consider the complex chemical reactions and species transport occurring during photopolymerization and, hence, are incapable of accurately predicting resin curing behavior. The model presented in this paper attempts to bridge this knowledge gap.Design/methodology/approachThe chemical reactions involved in the photopolymerization of acrylate‐based monomers were modeled as ordinary differential equations (ODE). This model incorporated the effect of oxygen inhibition and diffusion on the polymerization reaction. The model was simulated in COMSOL and verified with experiments conducted on a mask‐based micro‐SL system. Parametric studies were conducted to investigate the possibilities to improve the accuracy of the model for predicting the edge curvature.FindingsThe proposed model predicts well the effect of oxygen inhibition and diffusion on photopolymerization, and the model accurately predicts the cured part height when compared to experiments conducted on a mask‐based SL system. The simulated results also show the characteristic edge curvature as seen in experiments.Research limitations/implicationsA triacrylate monomer was used in the experiments conducted, so results may be limited to acrylate monomers. Shrinkage was not considered when comparing cured part shapes to those predicted using COMSOL.Originality/valueThis paper presents a unique and a pioneering approach towards modeling of the photopolymerization reaction in micro‐SL process. This research furthers the development of patent pending film micro‐SL process which can be used for fabrication of custom micro‐optical components.
The guide to glass 3D printing: developments, methods, diagnostics and results
Authors: Marchelli Grant , Prabhakar Renuka , Storti Duane , Ganter Mark 
Published: May 2011

PurposeThis purpose of this paper is to provide an overview of the steps and processes behind successfully adapting novel materials, namely virgin glass and recycled glass, to three‐dimensional printing (3DP).Design/methodology/approachThe transition from 3DP ceramic systems to glass systems will be examined in detail, including the necessary modifications to binder systems and printing parameters. The authors present preliminary engineering data on shrinkage, porosity, and density as functions of peak firing temperature, and provide a brief introduction to the complexities faced in realizing an adequate and repeatable firing method for 3D printed glass.FindingsShrinkage behavior for the 3D printed recycled glass showed significant anisotropy, especially beyond peak firing temperatures of 730°C. The average shrinkage ratios for the slow‐ and fast‐axes to the Z‐axis were 1:1.37 and 1:2.74, respectively. These extreme differences can be attributed to the layer‐by‐layer production method and binder burn‐off. At 760°C, the apparent porosity reached a minimum of 0.36 percent, indicative of asymptotic behavior that approaches a fully dense 3DP glass specimen. At low firing temperatures, the bulk density was similar to water, but increased to a maximum of 2.41 g/cm3. This indicates that 3DP recycled glass can behave similarly to common glass with accepted published bulk densities ranging from 2.4‐2.8 g/cm3.Research limitations/implicationsHeating schedule analysis and optimization may reduce geometric variations, therefore, the firing method should be investigated in greater depth.Originality/valueThis paper provides a guide to successfully adopting glass to commercially available 3DP hardware. This research has also enabled rapid prototyping of recycled glass, a monumental step towards a sustainable future for 3DP.