bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Substrate Modification by Pulmonary Vein Isolation and Left Atrial Linear Ablation in Patients with Persistent Atrial Fibrillation: Its Impact on Complex‐Fractionated Atrial Electrograms
Authors: MATSUO SEIICHIRO , YAMANE TEIICHI , DATE TARO , TOKUTAKE KEN‐ICHI , HIOKI MIKA , NARUI RYOHSUKE , ITO KEIICHI , TANIGAWA SHIN‐ICHI , YAMASHITA SEIGO , TOKUDA MICHIFUMI , INADA KEIICHI , ARASE SATOSHI , YAGI HIDENORI , SUGIMOTO KEN‐ICHI , YOSHIMURA MICHIHIRO 
Published: April 2012

PV and Linear Ablation for CFAEs. Introduction: Linear ablations in the left atrium (LA), in addition to pulmonary vein (PV) isolation, have been demonstrated to be an effective ablation strategy in patients with persistent atrial fibrillation (PsAF). This study investigated the impact of LA linear ablation on the complex‐fractionated atrial electrograms (CFAEs) of PsAF patients.Methods and Results: A total of 40 consecutive PsAF patients (age: 54 ± 10 years, 39 males) who underwent catheter ablation were enrolled in this study. Linear ablation of both roofline between the right and left superior PVs and the mitral isthmus line joining from the mitral annulus to the left inferior PV were performed following PV isolation during AF. High‐density automated CFAE mapping was performed using the NAVX, and maps were obtained 3 times during the procedure (prior to ablation, after PV isolation, and after linear ablations) and were compared. PsAF was terminated by ablation in 13 of 40 patients. The mean total LA surface area and baseline CFAEs area were 120.8 ± 23.6 and 88.0 ± 23.5 cm2 (74.2%), respectively. After PV isolation and linear ablations in the LA, the area of CFAEs area was reduced to 71.6 ± 22.6 cm2 (58.7%) (P < 0.001) and 44.9 ± 23.0 cm2 (39.2%) (P < 0.001), respectively. The LA linear ablations resulted in a significant reduction of the CFAEs area percentage in the region remote from ablation sites (from 56.3 ± 20.6 cm2 (59.6%) to 40.4 ± 16.5 cm2 (42.9%), P < 0.0001).Conclusion: Both PV isolation and LA linear ablations diminished the CFAEs in PsAF patients, suggesting substrate modification by PV and linear ablations. (J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol, Vol. 23, pp. 962‐970, September 2012)
Ichthyosporidium weissii n. sp. (Microsporidia) Infecting the Arrow Goby (Clevelandia ios)
Authors: Sanders Justin , Myers Mark S. , Tomanek Lars , Cali Ann , Takvorian Peter M. , Kent Michael L. 
Published: April 2012

AbstractGonadal infections by a novel microsporidium were discovered in 34% (13/38) of arrow gobies, Clevelandia ios, sampled over a 3‐yr period from Morro Bay Marina in Morro Bay, California. Gonadal tumors had been reported in arrow gobies from this geographic area. The infected gonads, found primarily in females, typically appeared grossly as large, white‐gray firm and lobulated masses. Histological examination revealed large, multilobate xenomas within the ovaries and no evidence of neoplasia. Typical of the genus Ichthyosporidium, the large xenomas were filled with developmental stages and pleomorphic spores. Wet mount preparations showed two general spore types: microspores with mean length of 6.2 (7.0–4.9, SD = 0.6, N = 20) μm and mean width of 4.3 (5.3–2.9, SD = 0.8) μm; and less numerous macrospores with mean length of 8.5 (10.1–7.1, SD = 1.0, N = 10) μm and mean width of 5.5 (6.2–4.8, SD = 0.5) μm. Transmission electron microscopy demonstrated stages consistent with the genus and 35–50 turns of the polar filament. Small subunit rDNA gene sequence analysis revealed that the parasite from arrow gobies was most closely related to, but distinct from Ichthyosporidium sp. based on sequences available in GenBank. We conclude that this microsporidium represents a new species of Ichthyosporidium, the first species of this genus described from a member of the family Gobiidae and from the Pacific Ocean.
Scan Patterns Predict Sentence Production in the Cross‐Modal Processing of Visual Scenes
Authors: Coco Moreno I. , Keller Frank 
Published: April 2012

AbstractMost everyday tasks involve multiple modalities, which raises the question of how the processing of these modalities is coordinated by the cognitive system. In this paper, we focus on the coordination of visual attention and linguistic processing during speaking. Previous research has shown that objects in a visual scene are fixated before they are mentioned, leading us to hypothesize that the scan pattern of a participant can be used to predict what he or she will say. We test this hypothesis using a data set of cued scene descriptions of photo‐realistic scenes. We demonstrate that similar scan patterns are correlated with similar sentences, within and between visual scenes; and that this correlation holds for three phases of the language production process (target identification, sentence planning, and speaking). We also present a simple algorithm that uses scan patterns to accurately predict associated sentences by utilizing similarity‐based retrieval.
Agriculture in sixth‐century Petra and its hinterland, the evidence from the Petra papyri
Authors: Nasarat Mohammed , Danah Fawzi Abu , Naimat Slameh 
Published: April 2012

Since their discovery in 1993 the Petra papyri have drawn the attention of both historians and archaeologists because of the amount of information they contain. They deal with the property of Theodoros, son of Obodianus, and his family in Petra and its vicinity in the period between AD 537 and 593.This paper focuses on agriculture and its importance in Petra and the surrounding area in the sixth century AD, according to the information derived from the scrolls. It appears that agriculture played a major role in the economy of Petra and its hinterland at the time these documents were written. The papyri repeatedly mention agricultural lands throughout the region and in many cases specify their locations and toponyms. Some of the latter are significantly still in use. There is also information about springs, some of which are still active and contribute to local agriculture. Some papyri even contain information about the type of plants grown in the area. Finally, the authors present the current state of agriculture at selected places and compare it with the state of agriculture in the sixth century AD in the study area.
Pearl fishing in the ancient world: 7500 BP
Authors: Charpentier Vincent , Phillips Carl S. , Méry Sophie 
Published: April 2012

The oldest pearl in the world was found in the United Arab Emirates and dates from 7500 BP. Gemmologists and jewellers have popularised the idea that the oldest pearl in the world is the 5000‐year‐old Jomon pearl from Japan. Discoveries made on the shores of south‐eastern Arabia show this to be untrue, as the archaeological pearls that have been found are 2500 years older. In this region, pearls still hold an important place. Indeed, today they remain a central, identifying element. The discovery of archaeological pearls demonstrates an ancient fishing tradition that no longer exists today.
Impact of donor site for bone graft harvesting for dental implants on health‐related and oral health‐related quality of life
Authors: Reissmann Daniel R. , Dietze Björn , Vogeler Michael , Schmelzeisen Rainer , Heydecke Guido 
Published: April 2012

AbstractObjectivesTo assess and compare changes in health‐related quality of life (HRQoL) and oral health‐related quality of life (OHRQoL) after bone graft harvesting for dental implants with respect to the donor site.Material and methodsAutologous bone grafts were harvested in a consecutive sample of 23 patients (mean age: 46.1 years; 52% female) either from an intra‐oral (IO; N = 8; chin, ascending ramus, buttress region) or an extra‐oral (EO; N = 15; anterior iliac crest) donor site, followed by implant placements. HRQoL was self‐administered by the patients using the Short‐Form 36 (SF‐36) and OHRQoL was assessed using the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP‐49) preoperatively, 3 days and 4 weeks after surgery. Impact of donor site on changes in both concepts of QoL was determined in multiple linear regression analyses.ResultsPatients with extra‐oral donor sites reported a substantial deterioration in the physical component (PC) of HRQoL indicated by an increase in the PC score of the SF‐36 (P < 0.001), whereas this score did not significantly change in patients with intra‐oral donor sites. The mental health component (MC) of HRQoL (MC score of the SF‐36) remained virtually identical in both groups. OHRQoL deteriorated from baseline (67.7 OHIP points) to first follow‐up (76.6 OHIP points) in both groups, however, changes were not statistically significant.ConclusionIn clinical decision‐making regarding donor site for bone graft harvesting, patients and clinicians should be aware of the expected decrease in HRQoL if deciding to use extra‐oral donor sites. Whenever possible, intra‐oral donor sites should be preferred.
A Novel Approach for Intracellular 3D Immuno‐Labeling for Electron Tomography
Authors: Jiménez Nuria , Post Jan Andries 
Published: April 2012

AbstractElectron tomography (ET) is an indispensable high‐resolution tool for three dimensional (3D) imaging in cell biology. When applied to immuno‐labeled cells, ET can provide essential insights in both the cellular architecture and the dynamics. Current protocols for 3D immuno‐labeling of intracellular antigens include permeabilization steps that cause random, extensive cell membrane disruption. This permeabilization results in a poor cell ultrastructure, limiting the usefulness of the specimens for high‐resolution studies. Here we describe a novel method, based on a well‐controlled permeabilization by targeted laser cell perforation, that allows for the 3D immuno‐localization of cytoplasmic antigens in cultured cells. The approach is unique since it is applicable to both chemically and cryo‐fixed cells and leads to a superior ultrastructural preservation for electron microscopy and tomography.
Role of lipocalin 2 and its complex with matrix metalloproteinase‐9 in oral cancer
Authors: Lin C‐W , Tseng S‐W , Yang S‐F , Ko C‐P , Lin C‐H , Wei L‐H , Chien M‐H , Hsieh Y‐S 
Published: April 2012

Oral Diseases (2012) 18, 734–740Objectives:  Recent evidence demonstrated that lipocalin (LCN)2 is induced in many types of human cancer, while the detection of its complex with matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)‐9 is correlated with the cancer disease status. We attempted to evaluate plasma expressions of LCN2, MMP‐9, and their complex (LCN2/MMP‐9) during the diagnostic work‐up of patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and investigated their correlations with disease progression.Methods:  In total, 195 patients with OSCC and 81 healthy controls were recruited. Expression levels of LCN2, MMP‐9, and LCN2/MMP‐9 were determined with immunoenzymatic assays.Results:  Patients with OSCC exhibited significantly higher levels of LCN2, MMP‐9, and LCN2/MMP‐9 compared with healthy controls (LCN2: P < 0.001; MMP‐9: P < 0.001; LCN2/MMP‐9: P < 0.01). Plasma levels of LCN2, MMP‐9, and LCN2/MMP‐9 in patients with OSCC were significantly correlated with each other and were associated with more‐advanced clinical stages (P < 0.05) and/or a larger tumor size (P < 0.05), but were not associated with positive lymph‐node metastasis or distal metastasis.Conclusion:  Our results suggest that plasma levels of LCN2 and the LCN2/MMP‐9 complex may be useful in non‐invasively monitoring OSCC progression, while supporting their potential role as biomarkers of oral cancer disease status.
Oral health status in elders from South Brazil: a population‐based study
Authors: Gaio Eduardo J. , Haas Alex N. , Carrard Vinícius C. , Oppermann Rui V. , Albandar Jasim , Susin Cristiano 
Published: April 2012

doi: 10.1111/j.1741‐2358.2011.00617.xOral health status in elders from South Brazil: a population‐based studyObjective:  To assess the oral health status of community‐dwelling adults aged 60 years and older from southern Brazil and to determine demographics, socioeconomic, behavioural and dental risk indicators.Materials and methods:  This cross‐sectional study used a multistage, probability sampling method to draw a representative sample of the metropolitan area of Porto Alegre, Brazil. A subsample of 217 subjects was included in this analysis. Oral mucosal lesions, dental caries, tooth loss and periodontal status (full‐mouth, six sites per tooth exam) were assessed by calibrated examiners.Results:  Prevalence of edentulism was 39.5%, and mean tooth loss was 20.2 (SE = 0.6). Older individuals [Odds Ratio (OR) = 2.2], women (OR = 2.3), white people (OR = 5.9), individuals of lower socioeconomic status (OR = 5.6) and smokers (OR = 3.5) had higher likelihood of being edentulous. Approximately 36% of dentate individuals had caries and/or restoration affecting, in average, 5.0 teeth. Periodontitis affected 79% of subjects, and it was associated with older age (OR = 4.0), men (OR = 3.4) and large amounts of supragingival plaque (OR = 3.0).Conclusion:  Poor oral health was observed in this elderly population from South Brazil. Sociodemographic disparities accounted for most of the burden of disease and treatment needs.
Dental implications of bisphophonate‐related osteonecrosis
Authors: Saldanha Sharon , Shenoy Vidya K. , Eachampati Prashanti , Uppal Nakul 
Published: April 2012

doi: 10.1111/j.1741‐2358.2012.00622.x

Dental implications of bisphophonate‐related osteonecrosisObjectives:  The aim is to explore the current theories about clinical , pathological and dental management of bisphosphonate related osteonecrosis of the jaws. Also discussed are the actions of bisphosphonates, pathogenesis related to the susceptibility of jaws, the predisposing risk factors for the development of bisphosphonate‐related osteonecrosis of the jaws (BRONJ) and diagnostic criteria based on the literature review.Discussion:  Osteoporosis is a disease that generally affects the mineral status of both cortical and trabecular bone in post menopausal women. Bisphosphonates are a group of drugs that preserve and increase bone mass. Bisphosphonate drugs are classified according to use and method of delivery. The bisphosphonates used for the treatment of osteoporosis are taken orally. Little is known about the side effects and dangers of the long‐term use of therapeutic doses of Bisphosphonates. A recent complication reported is osteonecrosis of jaws. The use of IV bisphosphonates for multiple myeloma and metastatic bone diseases suggests that dosage, length of treatment, and route of administration, as well as cofactors such as use of glucocorticoids and immunosuppressive agents, and dental surgery, could all be related to the incidence of BRONJ. This review provides an update on current knowledge about clinical, pathological and management aspects of BRONJ.Conclusions:  Little evidence exists to direct the prosthodontic management of patients with a history of bisphosphonate use. Patients with active osteonecrosis related to bisphosphonate use have reduced tissue tolerance to function with removable prostheses and decreased potential for osseointegration of dental implants. Decisions should be based on clinical judgment tempered by the presenting conditions, medical profile, and patient needs. A better understanding would help in a dental setting to prevent any complication and help to improve the prognosis for those being treated for osteoradionecrosis.Until further evidence emerges regarding management of patients with active bisphosphonate‐ related osteonecrosis, conservative prosthodontic treatment is reasonable and prudent.
Effects of the peracetic acid and sodium hypochlorite on the colour stability and surface roughness of the denture base acrylic resins polymerised by microwave and water bath methods
Authors: Fernandes Flavio H. C. N. , Orsi Iara A. , Villabona Camilo A. 
Published: April 2012

Objective:  This study evaluated the surface roughness (Ra) and color stability of acrylic resin colors (Lucitone 550, QC‐20 and Vipi‐Wave) used for fabricating bases for complete, removable dentures, overdentures and prosthetic protocol after immersion in chemical disinfectants (1% sodium hypochlorite and 2% peracetic acid) for 30 and 60 minutes.Material and Methods:  Sixty specimens were made of each commercial brand of resin composite, and divided into 2 groups according to the chemical disinfectants. Specimens had undergone the finishing and polishing procedures, the initial color and roughness measurements were taken (t=0), and after this, ten test specimens of each commercial brand of resin composite were immersed in sodium hypochlorite and ten in peracetic acid, for 30 and 60 minutes, with measurements being taken after each immersion period. These data were submitted to statistical analysis.Results:  There was evidence of an increase in Ra after 30 minutes immersion in the disinfectants in all the resins, with QC‐20 presenting the highest Ra values, and Vipi‐Wave the lowest. After 60 minutes immersion in the disinfectants all the resins presented statistically significant color alteration.Conclusions:  Disinfection with 1% sodium hypochlorite and peracetic acid altered the properties of roughness and color of the resins.
A S‐adenosylmethionine methyltransferase‐like domain within the essential, Fe‐S‐containing yeast protein Dre2
Authors: Soler Nicolas , Craescu Constantin T. , Gallay Jacques , Frapart Yves‐Michel , Mansuy Daniel , Raynal Bertrand , Baldacci Giuseppe , Pastore Annalisa , Huang Meng‐Er , Vernis Laurence 
Published: April 2012

Yeast Dre2 is an essential Fe‐S cluster‐containing protein that has been implicated in cytosolic Fe‐S protein biogenesis and in cell death regulation in response to oxidative stress. Its absence in yeast can be complemented by the human homologous antiapoptotic protein cytokine‐induced apoptosis inhibitor 1 (also known as anamorsin), suggesting at least one common function. Using complementary techniques, we have investigated the biochemical and biophysical properties of Dre2. We show that it contains an N‐terminal domain whose structure in solution consists of a stable well‐structured monomer with an overall typical S‐adenosylmethionine methyltransferase fold lacking two α‐helices and a β‐strand. The highly conserved C‐terminus of Dre2, containing two Fe‐S clusters, influences the flexibility of the N‐terminal domain. We discuss the hypotheses that the activity of the N‐terminal domain could be modulated by the redox activity of Fe‐S clusters containing the C‐terminus domain in vivo.Database
Structural data have been deposited in the Protein Data Bank under accession number 2KM1.
Scale effect on rice pollen‐mediated gene flow: implications in assessing transgene flow from genetically engineered plants
Authors: Rong Jun , Wang Feng , Song Zhiping , Su Jun , Chen Rui , Lu Bao‐Rong 
Published: April 2012

AbstractTransgene flow from genetically engineered (GE) crops to non‐GE varieties and wild relatives via pollen‐mediated gene flow (PMGF) may create food and environmental biosafety concerns. Assessing the level of PMGF from GE crops is required before commercialization. Whether the level of PMGF estimated at relatively small scales can sufficiently represent the actual scenario at large production scales remains unresolved. Here, we estimated average PMGF frequencies from three insect‐resistant GE rice lines to their non‐GE counterparts at four scales ranging from 9 to 576 m2, having the number of GE to non‐GE plants constantly at the ratio of 8:1. Based on nearly 1.3 million examined seedlings from non‐GE rice plots, very low frequencies (<0.1%) of transgene flow were detected. The highest frequencies were found in plots at the smallest scales. Scale had a significantly negative effect on the frequency of PMGF in rice, with decreased gene flow at increased scale. An extended PMGF model could well represent the experimental data. Field experiments at relatively small scales combined with mathematical modelling could provide useful prediction on the level of rice transgene flow at large production scales. This is probably applicable for other crop species with wind‐ and self‐pollination.
In Vitro Cytotoxicity of Rare Earth Oxide Nanoparticles for Imaging Applications
Authors: Petrochenko Peter E. , Zhang Qin , Wang Haorong , Sun Ted , Wildt Bridget , Betz Martha W. , Goering Peter L. , Narayan Roger J. 
Published: April 2012

The in vitro cytotoxicity and cellular uptake of commercially available doped YVO4 were evaluated in RAW 264.7 macrophages using the MTT assay. The results indicated that 20–50 nm diameter samarium‐doped YVO4 showed significant toxicity at concentrations of 25 μg/mL and higher; samples of the same material functionalized with COOH showed less cytotoxicity. At concentrations of 25–100 μg/mL, 20–50 nm erbium‐doped YVO4 showed less toxicity compared with 20–50 nm samarium‐doped YVO4. Ten nanometer samples showed no toxicity at concentrations of 100–600 μg/mL. The cytotoxicity of rare earth nanoparticles in macrophages is dependent, at least in part, on size and surface functionalization.
Nutritional and Morphological Traits of Invasive and Exotic Fleshy‐fruits in South Africa
Authors: Jordaan Lorinda A. , Downs Colleen T. 
Published: April 2012

AbstractWhile fleshy‐fruited invasive alien plants are recognized as some of the worst invaders on a global scale, until recently, little consideration has been given to the frugivores that feed on these fruits and, more specifically, the fruit traits, which may influence this. We investigated a series of morphological and nutritive fruit traits for ca 30 species of fleshy‐fruited invasive alien and exotic species in South Africa. Invasive alien fruit traits were compared with comparable traits of a similar sample size of indigenous fleshy fruits, which occur in the same area. Finally, the similarity of traits for the same invasive alien species was compared with those fruits in Australia. Invasive alien fleshy fruits were similar in morphology, but greater in some nutritive aspects when compared with indigenous fruits. Furthermore, they were very similar in all aspects to their counterparts in Australia. Most seeds of invasive fleshy fruits were small and light, which may explain some of their invasive success, as benefits associated with small seededness may promote invasive potential. Nutritionally, most invasive alien fleshy‐fruits were hexose‐dominant, containing low lipid and nitrogen content. While frugivore preference trends remain to be formally investigated, this study provides insights into fruit traits, which may tentatively outline why invasive fruits are universally fed on and thus successfully spread.