bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
RNA interference and ovarian functions
Authors: Sirotkin Alexander V. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractRNA interference, a recently discovered new mechanism controlling gene expression via small RNAs, was shown to be involved in characterization and control of basic ovarian cell functions. The main classes of small RNAs, as well as their expression in ovaries have been described. Furthermore, the successful application of RNA interference for study and control of basic ovarian functions (proliferation, apoptosis, secretory activity, luteogenesis, oocyte maturation, and related ovarian cell malignant transformation) and production of recombinant proteins have been demonstrated. Application of RNA interference in reproductive biology and medicine can be successful in two main areas: (1) characterization and prediction of physiological and pathological state (association between particular small RNA and physiological or pathological processes), (2) application of small RNAs for regulation of reproductive processes and treatment of reproductive disorders or their particular indexes. Problems of improvement of small RNA delivery to target ovarian cells and potent RNA interference‐related approaches for treatment of ovarian disorders (especially of ovarian cancer) have been discussed. J. Cell. Physiol. 225: 354–363, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Effect of high fat diet enriched with unsaturated and diet rich in saturated fatty acids on sphingolipid metabolism in rat skeletal muscle
Authors: Blachnio‐Zabielska Agnieszka , Baranowski Marcin , Zabielski Piotr , Gorski Jan 
Published: June 2010

AbstractConsumption of high fat diet leads to muscle lipid accumulation which is an important factor involved in induction of insulin resistance. Ceramide is likely to partially inhibit insulin signaling cascade. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of different high fat diets on ceramide metabolism in rat skeletal muscles. The experiments were carried out on rats fed for 5 weeks: (1) a standard chow and (2) high fat diet rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) and (3) diet enriched with saturated fatty acids (SAT). Assays were performed on three types of muscles: slow‐twitch oxidative (soleus), fast‐twitch oxidative–glycolytic, and fast‐twitch glycolytic (red and white section of the gastrocnemius, respectively). The activity of serine palmitoyltransferase (SPT), neutral and acid sphingomyelinase (n‐ and aSMase), and neutral and alkaline ceramidase (n‐ and alCDase) was examined. The content of ceramide, sphinganine, sphingosine, and sphingosine‐1‐phosphate was also measured. The ceramide content did not change in any muscle from PUFA diet group but increased in the SAT diet group by 46% and 52% in the soleus and red section of the gastrocnemius, respectively. Elevated ceramide content in the SAT diet group could be a result of increased SPT activity and simultaneously decreased activity of nCDase. Unchanged ceramide content in the PUFA diet group might be a result of increased activity of SPT and alCDase and simultaneously decreased activity of SMases. We conclude that regulation of muscle ceramide level depends on the diet and type of skeletal muscle. J. Cell. Physiol. 225: 786–791, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Attenuation of CXCR4 responses by CCL18 in acute lymphocytic leukemia B cells
Authors: Catusse J. , Wollner S. , Leick M. , Schröttner P. , Schraufstätter I. , Burger M. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractCCL18 and CXCL12 are homeostatic chemokines with high constitutive concentrations in serum. Elevated levels of CCL18 have been described in various diseases including childhood acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) but its functions remain poorly characterized. Its receptor has not been identified, but functional cellular responses like lymphocyte chemotaxis have been described. CXCL12 is a pivotal chemokine for hematopoiesis and B cell homing processes. We demonstrate that CCL18 interferes with CXCL12‐mediated pre‐B ALL cell activation. CXCL12‐induced calcium mobilization, chemotaxis, pseudo‐emperipolesis and cellular proliferation could be significantly reduced by CCL18 in pre‐B ALL cell lines. The results could be observed in primary cells from patients suffering from pre‐B ALL, but not in cells from patients suffering from common ALL. Direct effects of CCL18 on the receptor for CXCL12, CXCR4, could be excluded. Moreover, we found that CCL18 modulations of CXCL12‐induced responses are mediated through the chemokine‐like receptor GPR30. CCL18 bound to GPR30 expressing cells, and antibodies against GPR30 abolished this binding as well as CCL18‐mediated functional effects. We also observed that, CCL18 interferes with the activation of GPR30 by previously identified ligands (17β‐estradiol and chemical agonists). We therefore suggest that CCL18 is an important modulator of CXCR4‐dependent responses in pre‐B ALL cells via interactions with GPR30. J. Cell. Physiol. 225: 792–800, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Pentadactyl ground state of the manus of Alligator mississippiensis and insights into the evolution of digital reduction in Archosauria
Authors: Larsson Hans C.E. , Heppleston Audrey C. , Elsey Ruth M. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractThe three‐fingered state of the avian manus poses intriguing questions about the evolution of digit reduction. Although digit reduction in most tetrapods appears to be the product of straightforward digit loss, avian digit reduction may have occurred with a dissociation of digit position from digit identity. The three digits of birds have the ancestral identities of I, II, and III but develop from an early pentadactyl ground state from digital anlage 2, 3, and 4. A series of hypotheses have been proposed in an attempt to explain this disparity, including a recent suggestion that the anteriormost condensation visible in the avian limb bud is in fact a vestigial structure from a hexadactyl ancestral ground state. We investigated this proposal by presenting sets of compatible evolutionary developmental trajectories starting from a hexadactyl state to test hypotheses of digit reduction. The development of skeletogenic mesenchymal condensations in a crocodylian, the closest extant relative to birds, is used to identify any extra precartiloginous digital vestiges. A developmental series of Alligator mississippiensis forelimb buds reveal only five digital anlagen, supports a pentadactyl ground state for the archosaurian manus, and rejects portions of the evolutionary developmental trajectories proposed. This condition lends further support to the contribution of a homeotic transformation during digit reduction in avian ancestry to account for the dissociation between digital identity and developmental position. J. Exp. Zool. (Mol. Dev. Evol.) 314B:571–579, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Synthesis and biological evaluation of new naphthoquinone‐containing pyrrolo‐thiazoles as anticancer agents
Authors: Lopes Susana M. M. , Laranjo Mafalda , Serra Arménio C. , Abrantes Ana Margarida , Rocha Gonsalves António M. d'A. , Botelho Maria Filomena , Beja Ana Matos , Silva Manuela Ramos , Pinho e Melo Teresa M. V. D. 
Published: June 2010

Abstract
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Naphthoquinones undergo 1,3‐dipolar cycloaddition with bicyclic münchnones generated from thiazolidines affording new pyrrolo‐thiazoles with a fused quinone nucleus. The products were obtained as single enantiomers in good yields. These benzo[f]thiazolo[4,3‐a]isoindole‐6,11(1H,3H)‐diones are comprised of four fused rings and present a very planar structure. The evaluation of their anticancer activity against melanoma A375 and colorectal adenocarcinoma WiDr human cell lines showed only moderate activity but gave insight into the modeling of new structures. [Color figure can be viewed in the online issue, which is available at www.interscience.wiley.com.] J. Heterocyclic Chem., (2010).
Combination of olfactory ensheathing cells with local versus systemic cAMP treatment after a cervical rubrospinal tract injury
Authors: Bretzner Frederic , Plemel Jason R. , Liu Jie , Richter Miranda , Roskams A. Jane , Tetzlaff Wolfram 
Published: June 2010

AbstractThe failure of CNS axons to regenerate following traumatic injury is due in part to a growth‐inhibitory environment in CNS as well as a weak intrinsic neuronal growth response. Olfactory ensheathing cell (OECs) transplants have been reported to create a favorable environment promoting axonal regeneration, remyelination, and functional recovery after spinal cord injury. However, in our previous experiments, OEC transplants failed to promote regeneration of rubrospinal axons through and beyond the site of a dorsolateral funiculus crush in rats. Rubrospinal neurons undergo massive cell atrophy and limited expression of regeneration‐associated genes after axotomy. Using the same injury model, we tested the hypothesis that treatment of the red nucleus with cAMP, known to stimulate the intrinsic growth response in other neurons, will promote rubrospinal regeneration in combination with OEC transplants. In addition, we assessed a systemic increase of cAMP using the phosphodiesterase inhibitor rolipram. OECs prevented cavity formation, attenuated astrocytic hypertrophy and the retraction of the axotomized rubrospinal axons, and tended to reduce the overall lesion size. OEC transplantation lowered the thresholds for thermal sensitivity of both forepaws. None of our treatments, alone or in combination, promoted rubrospinal regeneration through the lesion site. However, the systemic elevation of cAMP with rolipram resulted in greater numbers of OECs and axonal density within the graft and improved motor performance in a cylinder test in conjunction with enhanced rubrospinal branching and attenuated astrocytic hypertrophy. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Astrocyte‐derived interleukin‐6 promotes specific neuronal differentiation of neural progenitor cells from adult hippocampus
Authors: Oh Jisun , McCloskey Michael A. , Blong Christopher C. , Bendickson Lee , Nilsen‐Hamilton Marit , Sakaguchi Donald S. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to investigate the ability of astrocyte‐derived factors to influence neural progenitor cell differentiation. We previously demonstrated that rat adult hippocampal progenitor cells (AHPCs) immunoreactive for the neuronal marker class III β‐tubulin (TUJ1) were significantly increased in the presence of astrocyte‐derived soluble factors under noncontact coculture conditions. Using whole‐cell patch‐clamp analysis, we observed that the cocultured AHPCs displayed two prominent voltage‐gated conductances, tetraethyl ammonium (TEA)‐sensitive outward currents and fast transient inward currents. The outward and inward current densities of the cocultured AHPCs were approximately 2.5‐fold and 1.7‐fold greater, respectively, than those of cells cultured alone. These results suggest that astrocyte‐derived soluble factors induce neuronal commitment of AHPCs. To investigate further the activity of a candidate neurogenic factor on AHPC differentiation, we cultured AHPCs in the presence or absence of purified rat recombinant interleukin‐6 (IL‐6). We also confirmed that the astrocytes used in this study produced IL‐6 by ELISA and RT‐qPCR. When AHPCs were cultured with IL‐6 for 6–7 days, the TUJ1‐immunoreactive AHPCs and the average length of TUJ1‐immunoreactive neurites were significantly increased compared with the cells cultured without IL‐6. Moreover, IL‐6 increased the inward current density to an extent comparable to that of coculture with astrocytes, with no significant differences in theoutward current density, apparent resting potential, or cell capacitance. These results suggest that astrocyte‐derived IL‐6 may facilitate AHPC neuronal differentiation. Our findings have important implications for understanding injury‐induced neurogenesis and developing cell‐based therapeutic strategies using neural progenitors. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Injection of human mesenchymal stem cells improves healing of scarred vocal folds: Analysis using a xenograft model
Authors: Svensson Bengt , Nagubothu R. Srinivasa , Cedervall Jessica , Le Blanc Katarina , Ährlund‐Richter Lars , Tolf Anna , Hertegård Stellan 
Published: June 2010

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:The aims were to analyze if improved histological and viscoelastic properties seen after injection of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) in scarred vocal folds (VFs) of rabbits are sustainable and if the injected hMSCs survive 3 months in the VFs.Study Design:Experimental xenograft model.Methods:Eighteen VFs of 11 New Zealand white rabbits were scarred by a bilateral localized resection. After 3 months the animals were sacrificed. Twelve VFs were dissected and stained for histology, lamina propria thickness, and relative collagen type I analyses. The hMSCs survival was analyzed using a human DNA‐specific reference probe, that is, fluorescence in situ hybridization staining. Viscoelasticity, measured as the dynamic viscosity and elastic modulus, was analyzed in a parallel‐plate rheometer for 10 VFs.Results:The dynamic viscosity and elastic modulus of hMSC‐treated VFs were similar to that of normal controls and significantly improved compared to untreated controls (P < .05). A reduction in lamina propria thickness and relative collagen type 1 content were also shown for the hMSC‐treated VFs compared to the untreated VFs (P < .05). The histological pictures corresponded well to the viscoelastic results. No hMSCs survived.Conclusions:Human mesenchymal stem cells injected into a scarred vocal fold of rabbit enhance healing of the vocal fold with reduced lamina propria thickness and collagen type I content and restore the viscoelastic function. Laryngoscope, 2010
Long‐term effect of unilateral pallidotomy on levodopa‐induced dyskinesia
Authors: Kleiner‐Fisman Galit , Lozano Andres , Moro Elena , Poon Yu‐Yan , Lang Anthony E. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractUnilateral pallidotomy has been effectively used to treat parkinsonism and reduce levodopa induced dyskinesia (LID). We sought to determine the long‐term effects of pallidotomy on LID in 10 patients who had initial benefit from pallidotomy but went on to require DBS surgery for symptom progression. The Dyskinesia Rating Scale (DRS) was used to rate and quantify LID in a blinded fashion. Though sample size was small, there was a trend towards a reduction in LID lasting up to 12 years suggesting that posteroventral pallidotomy may provide sustained benefit in reducing LID. © 2010 Movement Disorder Society
Pallidal stimulation in advanced Parkinson's patients with contraindications for subthalamic stimulation
Authors: Rouaud Tiphaine , Dondaine Thibaut , Drapier Sophie , Haegelen Claire , Lallement François , Péron Julie , Raoul Sylvie , Sauleau Paul , Vérin Marc 
Published: June 2010

AbstractThe aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of bilateral pallidal (GPi) deep brain stimulation (DBS) 6 months after surgery in advanced parkinsonian patients whose dopa‐resistant axial motor signs or cognitive decline constituted contraindications for subthalamic nucleus (STN) DBS. Seventeen patients with a mean age of 59.3 ± 7.1 years (range, 45–70), mean disease duration of 12.5 ± 4.3 years (range, 7–20), and contraindications for STN DBS, underwent bilateral GPi DBS. They were evaluated before surgery and 6 months afterward, in accordance with Core Assessment Program for Intracerebral Transplantation recommendations. There were mean improvements of 41.1% in the UPDRS III motor score in the off‐dopa condition and 20.3% in the activities of daily living score. Motor fluctuations were reduced by 22.9% and dyskinesias by 68.6%. Axial motor signs improved in the off‐dopa condition by 34.2%. Neuropsychological performances remained unchanged at the 6‐month assessment. Bilateral GPi DBS is both safe and effective in advanced parkinsonian patients with untreatable motor fluctuations, for whom STN DBS is contraindicated due to dopa‐resistant axial motor signs or cognitive decline. As such, it should be regarded as a viable option for these patients. © 2010 Movement Disorder Society
Direct adhesion force measurements between E. coli and human uroepithelial cells in cranberry juice cocktail
Authors: Liu Yatao , Pinzón‐Arango Paola A. , Gallardo‐Moreno Amparo M. , Camesano Terri A. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractScope: Atomic force microscopy (AFM) was used to directly measure the nanoscale adhesion forces between P‐fimbriated Escherichia coli (E. coli) and human uroepithelial cells exposed to cranberry juice, in order to reveal the molecular mechanisms by which cranberry juice cocktail (CJC) affects bacterial adhesion.Methods and results: Bacterial cell probes were created by attaching P‐fimbriated E. coli HB101pDC1 or non‐fimbriated E. coli HB101 to AFM tips, and the cellular probes were used to directly measure the adhesion forces between E. coli and uroepithelial cells in solutions containing: 0, 2.5, 5, 10, and 27 wt% CJC. Macroscale attachment of E. coli to uroepithelial cells was measured and correlated to nanoscale adhesion force measurements. The adhesion forces between E. coli HB101pDC1 and uroepithelial cells were dose‐dependent, and decreased from 9.32±2.37 nN in the absence of CJC to 0.75±0.19 nN in 27 wt% CJC. Adhesion forces between E. coli HB101 and uroepithelial cells were low in buffer (0.74±0.18 nN), and did not change significantly in CJC (0.78±0.18 nN in 27 wt% CJC; P=0.794).Conclusion: Our study shows that CJC significantly decreases nanoscale adhesion forces between P‐fimbriated E. coli and uroepithelial cells.
Kaempferol induced apoptosis via endoplasmic reticulum stress and mitochondria‐dependent pathway in human osteosarcoma U‐2 OS cells
Authors: Huang Wen‐Wen , Chiu Yu‐Jen , Fan Ming‐Jen , Lu Hsu‐Feng , Yeh Hsiu‐Feng , Li Kun‐Hong , Chen Po‐Yuan , Chung Jing‐Gung , Yang Jai‐ Sing 
Published: June 2010

AbstractKaempferol is a natural flavonoid. Previous studies have reported that kaempferol has anti‐proliferation activities and induces apoptosis in many cancer cell lines. However, there are no reports on human osteosarcoma. In this study, we investigate the anti‐cancer effects and molecular mechanisms of kaempferol in human osteosarcoma cells. Our results demonstrate that kaempferol significantly reduces cell viabilities of U‐2 OS, HOB and 143B cells, especially U‐2 OS cells in a dose‐dependent manner, but exerts low cytotoxicity on human fetal osteoblast progenitor hFOB cells. Comet assay, DAPI staining and DNA gel electrophoresis confirm the effects of DNA damage and apoptosis in U‐2 OS cells. Flow cytometry detects the increase of cytoplasmic Ca2+ levels and the decrease of mitochondria membrane potential. Western blotting and fluorogenic enzymatic assay show that kaempferol treatment influences the time‐dependent expression of proteins involved in the endoplasmic reticulum stress pathway and mitochondrial signaling pathway. In addition, pretreating cells with caspase inhibitors, BAPTA or calpeptin before exposure to kaempferol increases cell viabilities. The anti‐cancer effects of kaempferol in vivo are evaluated in BALB/cnu/nu mice inoculated with U‐2 OS cells, and the results indicate inhibition of tumor growth. In conclusion, kaempferol inhibits human osteosarcoma cells in vivo and in vitro.
High pressure, thermal and pulsed electric‐field‐induced structural changes in selected food allergens
Authors: Johnson Phil E. , Van der Plancken Iesel , Balasa Ana , Husband Fiona A. , Grauwet Tara , Hendrickx Marc , Knorr Dietrich , Mills E. N. Clare , Mackie Alan R. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractScope: The effects of high‐pressure/temperature treatment and pulsed electric field treatment on native peanut Ara h 2, 6 and apple Mal d 3 and Mal d 1b prepared by heterologous expression were examined.Methods and results: Changes in secondary structure and aggregation state of the treated proteins were characterized by circular dichroism spectroscopy and gel‐filtration chromatography. Pulsed electric field treatment did not induce any significant changes in the structure of any of the allergens. High‐pressure/temperature at 20°C did not change the structure of the Ara h 2, 6 or Mal d 3 and resulted in only minor changes in structure of Mal d 1b. Ara h 2, 6 was stable to HPP at 80°C, whereas changes in circular dichroism spectra were observed for both apple allergens. However, these changes were attributable to aggregation and adiabatic heating during HPP. An ELISA assay of temperature treated Mal d 3 showed the antibody reactivity correlated well with the loss of structure.Conclusion: In conclusion, novel‐processing techniques had little effect on purified allergen structure. Further studies will demonstrate if these stability properties are retained in foodmatrices.
Trans‐10, cis‐12 conjugated linoleic acid inhibits skeletal muscle differentiation and GLUT4 expression independently from NF‐κB activation
Authors: Hommelberg Pascal P. H. , Plat Jogchum , Remels Alexander H. V. , van Essen Anon L. M. , Kelders Marco C. J. M. , Mensink Ronald P. , Schols Annemie M. W. J. , Langen Ramon C. J. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractScope: The capacity of skeletal muscle to contribute to glucose homeostasis depends on muscular insulin sensitivity. The expression of glucose transporter (GLUT)‐4 is increased during myoblast differentiation, a process essential in maintenance of adult muscle. Therefore, processes that affect muscle differentiation may influence insulin dependent glucose homeostasis. Conjugated linoleic acids, and in particular trans‐10, cis‐12 CLA (t10, c12‐CLA), are potent inducers of NF‐kB in cultured skeletal myotubes, and NF‐kB activation inhibits muscle differentiation. The aims of this study were to evaluate whether CLAs inhibit myogenic differentiation and lower GLUT4 mRNA expression and to address the involvement of NF‐kB activation in potential effects of CLA on these processes.Methods and results: Incubation of C2C12 cells with t10, c12‐CLA blocked the formation of myotubes, which was accompanied by reduced expression of the muscle specific genes creatine kinase, myogenin, myosin heavy chain perinatal and myosin heavy chain IIB, as well as decreased GLUT4 mRNA levels. However, genetic blockade of NF‐kB was not sufficient to restore reduced myosin heavy chain protein expression following t10, c12‐CLA treatment. Surprisingly, in contrast to myotubes, t10, c12‐CLA was not able to activate NF‐kB transcriptional activity in myoblasts. Conclusion: In conclusion, t10, c12‐CLA inhibits myogenic differentiation and GLUT4 expression, independently from NF‐kB activation.
T1 corrected B1 mapping using multi‐TR gradient echo sequences
Authors: Voigt Tobias , Nehrke Kay , Doessel Olaf , Katscher Ulrich 
Published: June 2010

AbstractThis work presents a new approach toward a fast, simultaneous amplitude of radiofrequency field (B1) and T1 mapping technique. The new method is based on the “actual flip angle imaging” (AFI) sequence. However, the single pulse repetition time (TR) pair used in the standard AFI sequence is replaced by multiple pulse repetition time sets. The resulting method was called “multiple TR B1/T1 mapping” (MTM). In this study, MTM was investigated and compared to standard AFI in simulations and experiments. Feasibility and reliability of MTM were proven in phantom and in vivo experiments. Error propagation theory was applied to identify optimal sequence parameters and to facilitate a systematic noise comparison to standard AFI. In terms of accuracy and signal‐to‐noise ratio, the presented method outperforms standard AFI B1 mapping over a wide range of T1. Finally, the capability of MTM to determine T1 was analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively, yielding good agreement with reference measurements. Magn Reson Med, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.