bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Molar heat capacities of solvents used in CO2 capture: A group additivity and molecular connectivity analysis
Authors: Rayer Aravind V. , Henni Amr , Tontiwachwuthikul Paitoon 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThe molar heat capacities of 38 pure solvents used for CO2 capture studies are reported in the temperature range of 303.15–393.15 K and atmospheric pressure. Existing structural similarities between these compounds were explored using a group additivity analysis (GAA) and molecular connectivity principles in terms of the reported heat capacity data. Group additivity yields the estimates of CH3, CH2, CH, C, CH, NH2, NH, N, N–, OH, O and O group contributions to the molar heat capacities at each investigated temperature. Molecular connectivity approach provides a single equation that models the molar heat capacities of amines over the investigated temperature range. Absolute average deviations for the GAA were found to be <2.5%, and <3% for the molecular connectivity analysis. The developed equations were tested by predicting the molar heat capacities of solvents newly proposed for CO2 capture.Les capacités calorifiques molaires de trente huit (38) solvants purs utilisés pour les études de capture du CO2 sont rapportées dans la gamme de température de (303.15 à 393.15) K et à pression atmosphérique. Les similitudes structurelles existantes entre ces composés ont été explorées à l'aide d'une analyse additivité de groupe et les principes de connectivité moléculaire en termes de capacité thermique. L'analyse fournit les estimations de la contribution des groups CH3, CH2, CH, C, CH, NH2, NH, N, N–OH, O et S = aux capacités calorifiques molaires à chaque température étudiée. L'approche de connectivité moléculaire fournit une seule équation qui modélise les capacités calorifiques molaires des amines dans l'intervalle de température étudié. Les écarts absolus moyens pour l'analyse additivité des groupes ont été de moins de 2.5%, et de moins de 3% pour l'analyse de la connectivité moléculaire. Les équations développées ont été testées en prédisant les capacités calorifiques molaires des solvants nouvellement proposés pour la capture du CO2. © 2011 Canadian Society for Chemical Engineering
Synthesis of an Antitumoral Diarylheptanoid Containing 1,3‐Diol Functionality
Authors: Zhang Shaomin , Wu Yikang 
Published: September 2011

AbstractA bioactive derivative of a natural diarylheptanoid containing a 1,3‐anti diol motif was synthesized with the oxygen‐carrying stereogenic centers taken from an enantiopure epoxy chiral building block derived from inexpensive and readily available D‐glucolactone.
Suboptimal particle filtering for MIMO flat fading channel estimation
Authors: Hoang Hai H. , Kwan Bing W. 
Published: September 2011

SUMMARYParticle filters have been successfully employed to track MIMO flat fading channels for wireless communications. However, an optimal importance density cannot be always found to optimize the performance of a particle filter. A suboptimal importance density such as the prior distribution can be used to reduce the complexity of the particle filtering; however, it has a problem of ignoring the current observations. A class of suboptimal particle filters uses the prior distribution as the important density and moves the predicted particles to the low‐error region. In addition, particle filters require knowledge of noise processes to estimate the posterior distribution. This paper presents a suboptimal particle filter that overcomes the drawbacks of the prior importance density and the noise uncertainty by utilizing the swarm behavior in the particle propagation. The presented method will be applied to estimate the channel state information and detect the transmitted symbols of a MIMO wireless communication system under Rayleigh flat fading channel. Computer simulation of a 2 ×2 MIMO system is presented to illustrate the performance of the proposed suboptimal particle filter technique. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The habitat disruption induces immune‐suppression and oxidative stress in honey bees
Authors: Morimoto Tomomi , Kojima Yuriko , Toki Taku , Komeda Yayoi , Yoshiyama Mikio , Kimura Kiyoshi , Nirasawa Keijiro , Kadowaki Tatsuhiko 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThe honey bee is a major insect used for pollination of many commercial crops worldwide. Although the use of honey bees for pollination can disrupt the habitat, the effects on their physiology have never been determined. Recently, honey bee colonies have often collapsed when introduced in greenhouses for pollination in Japan. Thus, suppressing colony collapses and maintaining the number of worker bees in the colonies is essential for successful long‐term pollination in greenhouses and recycling of honey bee colonies. To understand the physiological states of honey bees used for long‐term pollination in greenhouses, we characterized their gene expression profiles by microarray. We found that the greenhouse environment changes the gene expression profiles and induces immune‐suppression and oxidative stress in honey bees. In fact, the increase of the number of Nosema microsporidia and protein carbonyl content was observed in honey bees during pollination in greenhouses. Thus, honey bee colonies are likely to collapse during pollination in greenhouses when heavily infested with pathogens. Degradation of honey bee habitat by changing the outside environment of the colony, during pollination services for example, imposes negative impacts on honey bees. Thus, worldwide use of honey bees for crop pollination in general could be one of reasons for the decline of managed honey bee colonies.
Synthesis of Biaryls by Pd‐Catalyzed Decarboxylative Homo‐ and Heterocoupling of Substituted Benzoic Acids
Authors: Xie Kai , Wang Sizhuo , Yang Zhiyong , Liu Jidan , Wang Anwei , Li Xiujian , Tan Ze , Guo Can‐Cheng , Deng Wei 
Published: September 2011

AbstractBy carefully choosing the right substrate ratio, catalyst combination, and base, symmetrical and unsymmetrical biaryls can be readily synthesized through the Pd‐catalyzed decarboxylative homo‐ and heterocoupling of substituted benzoic acids. The reaction gave the desired products in 40–90 % yield and is compatible with 2‐nitro‐, 2‐methoxy‐, 2‐fluoro‐, and 2‐chloro‐substituted benzoic acids.
Rapid evaluation and damage assessment of instrumented highway bridges
Authors: Mosquera Virginia , Smyth Andrew W. , Betti Raimondo 
Published: September 2011

SUMMARYThis study focuses on the use of strong motion data recorded during earthquakes and aftershocks to provide a preliminary assessment of the structural integrity and possible damage in bridges. A system identification technique is used to determine dynamical characteristics and high‐fidelity first‐order linear models of a bridge from low level earthquake excitations. A finite element model is developed and updated using a genetic algorithm optimization scheme to match the frequencies identified and to simulate data from a damaging earthquake for the bridge. Here, two criteria are used to determine the state of the structure. The first criteria uses the error between the data recorded or simulated by the calibrated nonlinear finite element model and the data predicted by the linear model. The second criteria compares relative displacements of the structure with displacement thresholds identified using a pushover analysis. The use of this technique can provide an almost immediate, yet reliable, assessment of the structural health of an instrumented bridge after a seismic event. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A cross‐layer joint optimization approach for multihop routing in TDD‐CDMA wireless mesh networks
Authors: Liao Deng , Elhakeem Ahmed K. 
Published: September 2011

ABSTRACTA cross‐layer joint optimization approach is proposed for multihop routing in time‐division duplex code‐division multiple‐access wireless mesh networks. Two timeslot scheduling schemes are investigated for time‐division duplex operations. The routing at the network layer, the packet delay at the medium access control layer, and the signal‐to‐interference‐plus‐noise ratio at the physical layer are jointly optimized in a cross‐layer manner. The results show that the proposed cross‐layer optimization algorithm significantly outperforms the shortest‐path routing algorithm with respect to overall network performance. The maximum throughput of the whole mesh network can be optimized by jointly taking into account the end‐to‐end delay and successful packet rate. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A three‐dimensional Cartesian cut cell method for incompressible viscous flow with irregular domains
Authors: Luo X.L. , Gu Z.L. , Lei K.B. , Wang S. , Kase K. 
Published: September 2011

SUMMARYA three‐dimensional Cartesion cut cell method is presented for the simulations of incompressible viscous flows with irregular domains. A new model (referred to as ‘6+N’ model) is proposed to describe arbitrarily shaped cut cells and treat all the cells as polyhedrons with 6+N faces. The finite volume discretization of the Navier–Stokes equation is then implemented by using the ‘6+N’ model to separate the surface flux integrals into two parts, that is, the fluxes through the basic face of the hexahedron and those through the cutting surfaces. The previously proposed Kitta Cube algorithm and volume computer‐aided design platform (J. Comput. Aided. Des. 2005; 37(4): 1509–1520. Doi:10.1016/j.cad.2005.03.006) are adopted to generate cut cells and provide shape data and physical attributes for the numerical analysis. A modified SIMPLE‐based smoothing pressure correction scheme is applied to suppress checkerboard pressure oscillations caused by the collocated arrangement of velocities and pressure. The calculation accuracy of the numerical method expressed by L1 and L ∞  norm errors is first demonstrated by the simulation of a pipe flow. Then its feasibility, efficiency, and potential in engineering applications are verified by applying it to solve natural convections between concentric spheres and between eccentric spheres. The heat transfer patterns in eccentric spheres are also obtained by using the numerical method. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
THE ROLE OF PRIVATE MEDICAL INSURANCE IN SOCIO‐ECONOMIC INEQUALITIES IN CANCER SCREENING UPTAKE IN IRELAND
Authors: Walsh Brendan , Silles Mary , O'Neill Ciaran 
Published: September 2011

SUMMARYScreening is seen by many as a key element in cancer control strategies. Differences in uptake of screening related to socio‐economic status exist and may contribute to differences in morbidity and mortality across socio‐economic groups. Although a number of factors are likely to underlie differential uptake, differential access to subsequent diagnostic tests and/or treatment may have a pivotal role. This study examines differences in the uptake of cancer screening in Ireland related to socio‐economic status. Data were extracted from SLÁN 2007 concerning uptake of breast, cervical, colorectal and prostate cancer screening in the preceding 12 months. Concentration indices were calculated and decomposed. Particular emphasis was placed in the decomposition upon the impact of private health insurance, evidenced in other work to impact on access to care within the mixed public–private Irish health system. This study found that significant differences related to socio‐economic status exist with respect to uptake of cancer screening and that the main determinant of difference for breast, colorectal and prostate cancer screening was possession of private insurance. This may have profound implications for the design of cancer control strategies in countries where private insurance has a significant role, even where screening services are publicly funded and population based. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Early endocrine and molecular changes in metabolic syndrome models
Authors: Larqué Carlos , Velasco Myrian , Navarro‐Tableros Victor , Duhne Mariana , Aguirre Jonathan , Gutiérrez‐Reyes Gabriela , Moreno Jaime , Robles‐Diaz Guillermo , Hong Enrique , Hiriart Marcia 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThe twenty‐first century arrived in the middle of a global epidemic of metabolic syndrome (MS) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2). It is generally accepted that an excess of nutrients linked to a low physical activity triggers the problem. However, the molecular features that interact to develop the MS are not clear. In an effort to understand and control them, they have been extensively studied, but this goal has not been achieved yet. Nonhuman animal models have been used to explore diet and genetic factors in which experimental conditions are controlled. For example, only one factor in the diet, such as fats or carbohydrates can be modified to better understand a single change that would be impossible in humans. Most of the studies have been done in rodents. However, it is difficult to directly compare them, because experiments are different in more than one variable; genetic strains, amount, and the type of fat used in the diet and sex. Thus, the only possible criteria of comparison are the relevance of the observed changes. We review different animal models and add some original observations on short‐term changes in metabolism and beta cells in our own model of adult Wistar rats that are not especially prone to get fat or develop DM2, treated with 20% sucrose in drinking water. One early change observed in pancreatic beta cells is the increase in GLUT2 expression that is located to the membrane of the cells. This change could partially explain the presence of insulin hypersecretion and hyperinsulinemia in these rats. Understanding early changes that lead to MS and in time to pancreatic islet exhaustion is an important biomedical problem that may contribute to learn how to prevent or even reverse MS, before developing DM2. © 2011 IUBMB IUBMB Life, 2011
A review of pharmacological and toxicological potentials of marine cyanobacterial metabolites
Authors: Nagarajan M. , Maruthanayagam V. , Sundararaman M. 
Published: September 2011

ABSTRACTNovel toxic metabolites from marine cyanobacteria have been thoroughly explored. Biologically active and chemically diverse compounds that could be hepatotoxic, neurotoxic or cytotoxic, such as cyclic peptides, lipopeptides, fatty acid amides, alkaloids and saccharides, have been produced from marine cyanobacteria. Many reports have revealed that biosynthesis of active metabolites is predominant during cyanobacterial bloom formation. Marine cyanobacterial toxic metabolites exhibit important biological properties, such as interfering in signal transduction either by activation or blockage of sodium channels or by targeting signaling proteins; inducing apoptosis by disrupting cytoskeletal proteins; and inhibiting membrane transporters, receptors, serine proteases and topoisomerases. The pharmacological importance of these metabolites resides in their proliferation and growth‐controlling abilities towards cancer cell lines and disease‐causing potent microbial agents (bacteria, virus, fungi and protozoa). Besides their toxic and pharmacological potentials, the present review discusses structural and functional resemblance of marine cyanobacterial metabolites to marine algae, sponges and mollusks. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Inflammation, mitochondria, and the inhibition of adult neurogenesis
Authors: Voloboueva Ludmila A. , Giffard Rona G. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThe process of neurogenesis continues throughout life, with thousands of new neurons generated every day in the mammalian brain. Impairment of hippocampal neurogenesis has been suggested to be involved in neurodegenerative conditions, including the cognitive decline associated with aging, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and ionizing radiation. These neurodegenerative conditions are all characterized by proinflammatory changes and increased numbers of activated microglia. Activated microglia produce a variety of proinflammatory factors, including interleukin‐6, tumor necrosis factor‐α, reactive oxygen species, and nitric oxide, all of which are antineurogenic. These same factors have also been shown to suppress mitochondrial function, but the role of mitochondria in neurogenesis remains barely investigated. This brief review summarizes the findings of several studies that support a role for mitochondrial impairment as part of the mechanism of the reduction of neurogenesis associated with inflammation. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A refined index of model performance
Authors: Willmott Cort J. , Robeson Scott M. , Matsuura Kenji 
Published: September 2011

AbstractIn this paper, we develop, present and evaluate a refined, statistical index of model performance. This ‘new’ measure (dr) is a reformulation of Willmott's index of agreement, which was developed in the 1980s. It (dr) is dimensionless, bounded by − 1.0 and 1.0 and, in general, more rationally related to model accuracy than are other existing indices. It also is quite flexible, making it applicable to a wide range of model‐performance problems. The two main published versions of Willmott's index as well as four other comparable dimensionless indices—proposed by Nash and Sutcliffe in 1970, Watterson in 1996, Legates and McCabe in 1999 and Mielke and Berry in 2001—are compared with the new index. Of the six, Legates and McCabe's measure is most similar to dr. Repeated calculations of all six indices, from intensive random resamplings of predicted and observed spaces, are used to show the covariation and differences between the various indices, as well as their relative efficacies. Copyright © 2011 Royal Meteorological Society
Vorfreude auf die neue Chemieausstellung
Authors: Rehn‐Taube Susanne 
Published: September 2011

AbstractDie Chemieausstellung im Deutschen Museum, ein Fixpunkt von seinen Gründertagen an, ist seit Herbst 2009 geschlossen. Zum Internationalen Jahr der Chemie eröffnet das Museum im Oktober die Sonderausstellung “Chemie in Freizeit und Sport”. Sie ist eine Vorschau auf die geplante Dauerausstellung und präsentiert die Chemie der Kunststoffe und Farben.
Symmetrie intelligent nutzen
Authors: Schneider Tobias F. , Werz Daniel B. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractViele symmetrische Naturstoffe lassen sich retrosynthetisch in gleiche oder ähnliche Untereinheiten zerlegen. Dies zu erkennen, erleichtert ihre Synthese oft ungemein. Beispiele sind die Totalsynthesen von (—)‐Conophyllin, Torreyansäure und (—)‐Lomaiviticin.
Initial liver transplantation for unresectable hepatoblastoma after chemotherapy
Authors: Héry Géraldine , Franchi‐Abella Stéphanie , Habes Dalila , Brugières Laurence , Martelli Hélène , Fabre Monique , Pariente Danièle , Gauthier Frédéric , Jacquemin Emmanuel , Branchereau Sophie 
Published: September 2011

AbstractBackgroundSIOPEL protocols have recommended liver transplantation for unresectable hepatoblastoma (HBL) after chemotherapy in absence of visible extrahepatic disease.MethodsThis retrospective single center study includes 13 children treated following SIOPEL 3 or 4 protocols who underwent orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) for HBL between February 2001 and May 2009.ResultsTwelve patients had PRETEXT IV HBL, one had PRETEXT II P + HBL, two had pulmonary metastasis at diagnosis. Extra hepatic vascular involvement was present in seven patients (two vena cava, four main portal vein). Twelve patients received a deceased donor organ graft; wait time to OLT was 16 days (1–50 days). One patient received a living donor graft. Four patients did not undergo post‐OLT chemotherapy because of major post‐OLT surgical complications. Mean follow up was 3.1 years (1–5 years). Ten patients are alive, eight in first complete remission (CR), one is in second CR after two surgical pulmonary metastasis were removed, the latter is in second CR after a surgery for excision of two local recurrences and re‐OLT for a secondary HBL in the first graft. Three patients died (two from tumor recurrence, one from cardiac failure after second OLT). Overall survival at 1 and 4 years was 100% and 83.3%.ConclusionsApplication of SIOPEL protocols for treatment of HBL in a specialized multidisciplinary team with access to liver transplantation has resulted in excellent survival. Initial extrahepatic disease should not be considered a contraindication. Future refinements of the protocol need to be considered to reduce toxicity. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2011; 57: 1270–1275. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Family information needs at childhood cancer treatment completion
Authors: Wakefield Claire E. , Butow Phyllis , Fleming Catharine A.K. , Daniel Gunar , Cohn Richard J. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractBackgroundDespite the recognized importance of information provision across the cancer trajectory, little research has investigated family information needs recently after childhood cancer. This mixed‐methods, multiperspective, study explored the information needs of families of childhood cancer survivors in the first year post‐treatment.ProcedureIn total, 112 semi‐structured telephone interviews were conducted with 19 survivors (mean age 16.2 years, off treatment for ≤36 months), 44 mothers, 34 fathers, and 15 siblings. Interviews were analyzed inductively, line‐by‐line, using the framework of Miles and Huberman. Emergent themes were cross‐tabulated by sample characteristics using QSR NVivo8.ResultsParticipant views were mixed regarding the need for a “finishing treatment review” with their oncologist (the primary information source for most families); however, many mothers (29/44) and fathers (17/34) and most siblings (14/15) reported receiving insufficient information post‐treatment. Information regarding fertility and how to prepare for likely post‐treatment challenges were the most cited unmet needs. Online support was ranked highest by survivors (mean score: 7/2/10) and siblings (7.4/10), whilst parents preferred an information booklet (often due to concerns about accessing accurate and relevant information from the Internet). While many participants reported feelings of isolation/loneliness, many were reluctant to attend face‐to‐face support groups/seminars.ConclusionsFamily members of survivors may experience the most acute unmet needs for information about fertility and in preparation for post‐treatment challenges. However, provision of the correct amount of information at the right time for each family member during a highly stressful period remains clinically challenging. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2012; 58: 621–626. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.