bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cytogenetic and molecular predictors of response in patients with myeloid malignancies without del[5q] treated with lenalidomide
Authors: Sugimoto Yuka , Sekeres Mikkael A , Makishima Hideki , Traina Fabiola , Visconte Valeria , Jankowska Anna , Jerez Andres , Szpurka Hadrian , O'Keefe Christine L , Guinta Kathryn , Afable Manuel , Tiu Ramon , McGraw Kathy L , List Alan F , Maciejewski Jaroslaw 
Published: March 2012

AbstractBackgroundWhile lenalidomide (LEN) shows high efficacy in myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) with del[5q], responses can be also seen in patients presenting without del[5q]. We hypothesized that improved detection of chromosomal abnormalities with new karyotyping tools may better predict response to LEN.Design and methodsWe have studied clinical, molecular and cytogenetic features of 42 patients with MDS, myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN), MDS/MPN overlap syndromes and secondary acute myeloid leukemia (sAML) without del[5q] by metaphase cytogenetics (MC) who underwent therapy with LEN.ResultsFluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) or single nucleotide polymorphism array (SNP-A)-based karyotyping marginally increased the diagnostic yield over MC, detecting 2/42 (4.8%) additional cases with del[5q], one of whom were responded to LEN. Responses were more often observed in patients with a normal karyotype by MC (60% vs abnormal MC; 17%,p= .08) and those with gain of chromosome 8 material by either of all 3 karyotyping methods (83% vs all other chromosomal abnormalities; 44%p= .11). However, 5 out of those 6 patients received combined LEN/AZA therapy and it may also suggest those with gain of chromosome 8 material respond well to AZA. The addition of FISH or SNP-A did not improve the predictive value of normal cytogenetics by MC. Mutational analysis ofTET2, UTX, CBL, EZH2, ASXL1, TP53, RAS, IDH1/2, andDNMT-3Awas performed on 21 of 41 patients, and revealed 13 mutations in 11 patients, but did not show any molecular markers of responsiveness to LEN.ConclusionsNormal karyotype and gain of chromosome 8 material was predictive of response to LEN in non-del[5q] patients with myeloid malignancies.
Brachial artery reactivity in patients with severe sepsis: an observational study
Authors: Wexler Orren , M Morgan Mary Anne , Gough Michael S , Steinmetz Sherry D , Mack Cynthia M , Darling Denise C , Doolin Kathleen P , Apostolakos Michael J , Graves Brian T , Frampton Mark W , Chen Xucai , Pietropaoli Anthony P 
Published: March 2012

Abstract
Introduction
Ultrasound measurements of brachial artery reactivity in response to stagnant ischemia provide estimates of microvascular function and conduit artery endothelial function. We hypothesized that brachial artery reactivity would independently predict severe sepsis and severe sepsis mortality.

Methods
This was a combined case-control and prospective cohort study. We measured brachial artery reactivity in 95 severe sepsis patients admitted to the medical and surgical intensive care units of an academic medical center and in 52 control subjects without acute illness. Measurements were compared in severe sepsis patients versus control subjects and in severe sepsis survivors versus nonsurvivors. Multivariable analyses were also conducted.

Results
Hyperemic velocity (centimeters per cardiac cycle) and flow-mediated dilation (percentage) were significantly lower in severe sepsis patients versus control subjects (hyperemic velocity: severe sepsis = 34 (25 to 48) versus controls = 63 (52 to 81), P < 0.001; flow-mediated dilation: severe sepsis = 2.65 (0.81 to 4.79) versus controls = 4.11 (3.06 to 6.78), P < 0.001; values expressed as median (interquartile range)). Hyperemic velocity, but not flow-mediated dilation, was significantly lower in hospital nonsurvivors versus survivors (hyperemic velocity: nonsurvivors = 25 (16 to 28) versus survivors = 39 (30 to 50), P < 0.001; flow-mediated dilation: nonsurvivors = 1.90 (0.68 to 3.41) versus survivors = 2.96 (0.91 to 4.86), P = 0.12). Lower hyperemic velocity was independently associated with hospital mortality in multivariable analysis (odds ratio = 1.11 (95% confidence interval = 1.04 to 1.19) per 1 cm/cardiac cycle decrease in hyperemic velocity; P = 0.003).

Conclusions
Brachial artery hyperemic blood velocity is a noninvasive index of microvascular function that independently predicts mortality in severe sepsis. In contrast, brachial artery flow-mediated dilation, reflecting conduit artery endothelial function, was not associated with mortality in our severe sepsis cohort. Brachial artery hyperemic velocity may be a useful measurement to identify patients who could benefit from novel therapies designed to reverse microvascular dysfunction in severe sepsis and to assess the physiologic efficacy of these treatments.
Synthesis and Properties of Sulfonated Poly(arylene ether) Block Copolymers as Proton Conductive Membranes
Authors: Hoshi Takayuki , Bae Byungchan , Watanabe Masahiro , Miyatake Kenji 
Published: March 2012

Abstract
A new series of poly(arylene ether sulfone) multiblock copolymers were synthesized by polycondensation of linear and rigid hydrophobic and densely sulfonated hydrophilic oligomers. Thin membranes were prepared therefrom by solution casting and their properties were compared with those of Nafion and other poly(arylene ether sulfone) multiblock copolymers containing perfluorinated biphenylene moieties. The membranes showed good water affinity, high proton conductivity, low hydrogen and oxygen permeability, high mechanical strength, and reasonable oxidative stability. These properties are attractive as an electrolyte for polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells. It was found that the perfluorinated biphenylene moieties as connecting groups for hydrophilic and hydrophobic blocks affected only slightly the properties of poly(arylene ether sulfone) multiblock copolymer membranes.
A Randomized Controlled Trial of Zinc as Adjuvant Therapy for Severe Pneumonia in Young Children
Authors: Basnet Sudha , Shrestha Prakash S. , Sharma Arun , Mathisen Maria , Prasai Renu , Bhandari Nita , Adhikari Ramesh K. , Sommerfelt Halvor , Valentiner-Branth Palle , Strand Tor A. ,   members of the Zinc Severe Pneumonia Study Group
Published: March 2012

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:
Diarrhea and pneumonia are the leading causes of illness and death in children &lt;5 years of age. Zinc supplementation is effective for treatment of acute diarrhea and can prevent pneumonia. In this trial, we measured the efficacy of zinc when given to children hospitalized and treated with antibiotics for severe pneumonia.

METHODS:
We enrolled 610 children aged 2 to 35 months who presented with severe pneumonia defined by the World Health Organization as cough and/or difficult breathing combined with lower chest indrawing. All children received standard antibiotic treatment and were randomized to receive zinc (10 mg in 2- to 11-month-olds and 20 mg in older children) or placebo daily for up to 14 days. The primary outcome was time to cessation of severe pneumonia.

RESULTS:
Zinc recipients recovered marginally faster, but this difference was not statistically significant (hazard ratio = 1.10, 95% CI 0.94–1.30). Similarly, the risk of treatment failure was slightly but not significantly lower in those who received zinc (risk ratio = 0.88 95% CI 0.71–1.10).

CONCLUSIONS:
Adjunct treatment with zinc reduced the time to cessation of severe pneumonia and the risk of treatment failure only marginally, if at all, in hospitalized children.
Do Financial Statement Users Judge Relevance Based on Properties of Reliability?
Authors: Kadous Kathryn , Koonce Lisa , Thayer Jane M. 
Published: March 2012

ABSTRACT
Relevance and reliability (now referred to as “representational faithfulness”) are qualities of financial information that both the Financial Accounting Standards Board and the International Accounting Standards Board use in setting standards for financial reporting. Despite their importance, very little research has addressed how financial statement users apply these constructs. Via experiments set within the fair value context, we show that users do not view them as independent constructs. Instead, variations in properties that are associated with the reliability of a measurement influence users' assessments of the relevance of fair value. The relationship between assessed relevance and assessed reliability is unidirectional, in that factors underlying reliability influence judgments of relevance, but factors underlying relevance do not influence judgments of reliability. Our findings are important because inappropriate assessments of relevance can influence firm valuation. The results are particularly meaningful in the context of fair value because such measurements can vary widely in reliability.
JEL Classifications: M41.
On some quadrature rules with Laplace end corrections
Authors: Bożek Bogusław , Solak Wiesław , Szydełko Zbigniew 
Published: March 2012

Abstract
We investigate quadrature rules with Laplace end corrections that depend on a parameter β. Specific values of β yield sixth order rules. We apply our results to approximating the sum of slowly converging series s = Σi=1∞
f(i + 1/2) where f ∈ C
6 with its sixth derivative of constant sign on [m, ∞) and ∫
m∞
f(x)dx is known for m ∈ ℕ. Several examples show the efficiency of this method. This paper continues the results from [Solak W., Szydełko Z., Quadrature rules with Gregory-Laplace end corrections, J. Comput. Appl. Math., 1991, 36(2), 251–253].
Bounds on global secure sets in cactus trees
Authors: Jesse-Józefczyk Katarzyna 
Published: March 2012

Abstract
Let G = (V, E) be a graph. A global secure set SD ⊆ V is a dominating set which satisfies the condition: for all X ⊆ SD, |N[X] ∩ SD| ≥ | N[X] − SD|. A global defensive alliance is a set of vertices A that is dominating and satisfies a weakened condition: for all x ∈ A, |N[x] ∩ A| ≥ |N[x] − A|. We give an upper bound on the cardinality of minimum global secure sets in cactus trees. We also present some results for trees, and we relate them to the known bounds on the minimum cardinality of global defensive alliances.
Skipping breakfast is correlated with impaired fasting glucose in apparently healthy subjects
Authors: Voronova Natalia , Nikitin Alexey , Chistiakov Alexander , Chistiakov Dimitry 
Published: March 2012

Abstract
Regular food consumption plays a critical role in normal glucose homeostasis. Today, a few studies have evaluated the level of fasting glucose in individuals who skip breakfast, which should theoretically lead to a lack of supplementary energy and thereby increase the risk for subsequent hypoglycemia. The prevalence of suspected habitual skipping breakfast (SHSB) (at least three times weekly) was evaluated with a simple question, along with measurement of fasting plasma glucose level and assessment of cardiovascular and lifestyle risk factors in a cross-sectional study of 2,331 asymptomatic adults who had never been treated with insulin or oral anti-diabetic drugs. The overall prevalence of SHSB was 16.3% (20.1% for men and 9.4% for women, P<0.0001, χ2-test). Compared with a normal fasting glucose level, an impaired fasting glucose (IFG) level (100–125 mg/dl), but not high fasting glucose (≥126 mg/dl), was significantly associated with SHSB, and this association remained after adjustment for relevant confounders [odds ratio (95% CI): 1.75 (1.33–2.30) and 2.10 (0.93–4.71), respectively]. Age (inversely), current smoker, late dinner just before sleeping, infrequent exercise, and high C-reactive protein (≥1.8 mg/L) were independently associated with SHSB. In a subgroup of subjects who underwent a 75g-oral glucose tolerance test (n = 1,315), isolated IFG (n = 272) was solely significantly associated with SHSB. Our results suggest that IFG, subtle inflammatory state, and high-risk lifestyle factors for diabetes and cardiovascular disease may have an association in asymptomatic adults who habitually skip breakfast.
Life-saving dogs
Authors: Fischer Holger , Stöllberger Claudia , Finsterer Josef 
Published: March 2012

Abstract
Dogs can play an important role in their owners’ lives. As well as providing a source of comfort, emotional support, and entertainment, there is now evidence suggesting that dogs may promote their owners’ health. The mechanisms of these beneficial effects, however, are unclear. The important role of dogs in their owners’ medical emergencies is illustrated by two cases of patients admitted to our intensive care unit, in whom untrained domestic dogs saved lives by alerting the family. Companion dogs may react to emergencies of their owners and save lives. Clarifying how dogs perceive medical emergencies might stimulate design of emergency alarm systems.
Total motion generated in the unstable thoracolumbar spine during management of the typical trauma patient: a comparison of methods in a cadaver model
Authors: Prasarn Mark L. , Zhou Haitao , Dubose Dewayne , Rossi Gianluca Del , Conrad Bryan P. , Horodyski MaryBeth , Rechtine Glenn R. 
Published: March 2012

Object
The proper prehospital and inpatient management of patients with unstable spinal injuries is critical for prevention of secondary neurological compromise. The authors sought to analyze the amount of motion generated in the unstable thoracolumbar spine during various maneuvers and transfers that a trauma patient would typically be subjected to prior to definitive fixation.

Methods
Five fresh cadavers with surgically created unstable L-1 burst fractures were tested. The amount of angular motion between the T-12 and L-2 vertebral segments was measured using a 3D electromagnetic motion analysis device. A complete sequence of maneuvers and transfers was then performed that a patient would be expected to go through from the time of injury until surgical fixation. These maneuvers and transfers included spine board placement and removal, bed transfers, lateral therapy, and turning the patient prone onto the operating table. During each of these, the authors performed what they believed to be the most commonly used versus the best techniques for preventing undesirable motion at the injury level.

Results
When placing a spine board there was more motion in all 3 planes with the log-roll technique, and this difference reached statistical significance for axial rotation (p = 0.018) and lateral bending (p = 0.003). Using logrolling for spine board removal resulted in increased motion again, and this was statistically significant for flexion-extension (p = 0.014). During the bed transfer and lateral therapy, the log-roll technique resulted in more motion in all 3 planes (p ≤ 0.05). When turning the cadavers prone for surgery there was statistically more angular motion in each plane for manually turning the patient versus the Jackson table turn (p ≤ 0.01). The total motion was decreased by almost 50% in each plane when using an alternative to the log-roll techniques during the complete sequence (p ≤ 0.007).

Conclusions
Although it is unknown how much motion in the unstable spine is necessary to cause secondary neurological injury, the accepted tenet is to minimize motion as much as possible. This study has demonstrated the angular motion incurred by the unstable thoracolumbar spine as experienced by the typical trauma patient from the field to positioning in the operating room using the best and most commonly used techniques. As previously reported, using the log-roll technique consistently results in unwanted motion at the injured spinal segment.
Langage et culture : une approche centrée sur le discours
Authors: Sherzer Joel 
Published: March 2012

L’hypothèse Sapir-Whorf, telle qu’elle est formulée habituellement, cherche des isomorphismes entre grammaire et culture, et considère le langage comme donnant des moyens à la pensée et la perception, ou alors, dans sa forme la plus poussée, comme conditionnant la pensée, la perception et la vision du monde. Dans cet article je considère le discours comme l’expression concrète des relations entre langage et culture. C’est le discours qui crée, recrée, resserre, modifie et transmet à la fois la culture et la langue, ainsi que leur intersection. Et c’est plus particulièrement dans le discours ludique et artistique – tel que la poésie, la magie, la joute verbale ou la politique rhétorique - que les ressources apportées par la grammaire, ainsi que le sens culturel et les symboles, sont activés au maximum de leur potentiel et que l’essence des relations langage-culture devient saillante.
L'apport de la théorie des jeux à la démarche d'analyse stratégique
Authors: Grandval Samuel , Hikmi Ahmed 
Published: March 2012

Résumé L’approche systémique de la théorie des jeux est potentiellement source d’apport au management stratégique, plus particulièrement à la veille stratégique, de par son appréhension des phénomènes d’interaction qui caractérisent le jeu concurrentiel. La théorie des jeux concilierait les approches sectorielles, susceptibles de rendre compte du jeu politico-économique et de l’évolution des données du jeu concurrentiel, et les approches organisationnelles, propres à rendre compte de la capacité de l’organisation à comprendre et à capter l’environnement tout en étant apte à entreprendre une action stratégique pertinente. Selon Romelaer (1998), la théorie des jeux contribuerait à l’évaluation de la veille : « Une telle modélisation devrait prendre en compte les ressources affectées à l’observation des stratégies des autres joueurs (qui est une partie de la veille stratégique). On devrait pouvoir en tirer une évaluation économique de l’efficience de cette veille, c’est à dire la « productivité » des ressources consacrées par l’entreprise à cette activité et une identification des questions stratégiques à mettre sous surveillance en fonction du contexte » . La théorie des jeux répondrait à la problématique de la veille concurrentielle. En effet, selon Baumard (1997), la veille stratégique souffre d’un manque de mesure de sa performance, de par sa nature complexe qui conjugue plusieurs compétences organisationnelles. Justement, compte tenu de la complexité de la réalité des situations de gestion, une modélisation est-elle possible ? Est-elle tout simplement pertinente ? Les concepts utilisés dans chacun des champs peuvent-ils s’alimenter mutuellement ? Les évolutions qualitatives de la prospect theory posent également la question de la réalité des situations relatées (Kahneman et Twersky, 1973). Constituent-elles une réponse pour le champ de la stratégie ? Nous constaterons que la façon de concevoir l’application de la théorie des jeux déterminera la réponse.
Simulating organizational change: moving and shaking
Authors: Cumenal Didier 
Published: March 2012

Résumé On connaît encore peu de choses sur l’apprentissage à long terme des organisations. Dans un diagnostic, on privilégie les facteurs de proximité au détriment des facteurs lointains. On se focalise sur les représentations synchroniques de l’organisation mais peu sur les représentations diachroniques. Le modèle que nous présentons, analyse les changements d’état de l’organisation au cours du temps. Il décrit et étudie un ensemble de forces et actions qui engendrent la dynamique de l’organisation. Il se propose de faire vieillir prématurément l’organisation afin de mettre en évidence, dans la durée, les effets contre intuitifs de la décision. Il s’efforce, par ailleurs de dégager les inducteurs de coûts ou « cost. drivers » qui contribuent à améliorer ou à dégrader les résultats de l’entreprise. L’organisation peut être représentée par une mathématique du temps (équations différentielles) qui simule une « chrono organisation ». Nous avons établi notre modèle en employant les concepts de la dynamique des systèmes. Nous avons développé ce modèle sur ordinateur en utilisant le logiciel de simulation : « Vensim DSS32 (de Ventana systems, Inc) ». A partir d’un métamodèle que nous avons bâti, nous avons dérivé un modèle applicatif dont le but est de faire vivre une organisation sur une longue durée. Notre simulation qui fait vieillir prématurément l’organisation va nous permettre de 1) montrer les effets contre intuitifs des décisions entre le court terme et le long terme, 2) mettre en évidence les inducteurs de coûts ou « cost driver » qui génèrent des coûts cachés. L’entreprise produit ses propres facteurs de développement et de déclin par des décisions, actions qui modifient à terme les états et les propriétés de l’organisation. La seule ambition de notre modèle est de mieux comprendre l’évolution, la dynamique des changements d’état des composants de l’organisation à travers le temps.
Confiance et réputation, déclencheurs du succès des clusters de haute technologie
Authors: Diallo Demba 
Published: March 2012

Résumé Une dizaine de villes dans le monde ont, depuis une décennie, des indices économiques (nombre de créations d’entreprises locales, nombre de créations d’emplois, accroissement de la R&D, taux d’occupation des d’ingénieurs formés par an, etc.) mettant en relief leur capacité à capter une part croissante de la rente générée par la localisation d’entreprises du secteur des technologies de l’information et de la communication (TIC). Les facteurs d’attractivité de ces villes ont été étudiés par ailleurs, à travers des facteurs que nous qualifierons de standards : signaux de prix et externalités positives non marchandes. L’objectif de l’article est de répondre à la question suivante : dans un contexte de compétition entre les villes pour attirer des Investissements Directs Etrangers (IDE) et de compétition des multinationales pour réduire leurs coûts tout en renforçant leur capacité d’innovation, existe-t-il des facteurs majeurs, au-delà de ceux déjà abordés par la littérature économique, déclencheurs de la dynamique de localisation des firmes de l’industrie des TIC ? Notre proposition est que la prise de décision de la localisation est consécutive à la prise en compte, par les firmes multinationales (FMN) des facteurs « standards » (conditions nécessaires mais non suffisantes) accélérés, et validés par un couple de facteurs majeurs simultanément privilégiés, la confiance et la réputation.
La collaboration université/entreprise : le cas du management de la recherche aux États-Unis
Authors: Nayaradou Maximilien , Simart Vincent 
Published: March 2012

Résumé Il s’agit d’expliquer dans cet article, une des causes du leadership américain en termes de R&D et de développement de l’innovation. Nous décrivons l’organisation particulière de la recherche dans ce pays qui se manifeste par un partenariat université/entreprise particulièrement efficace et performant supervisé par les pouvoirs publics. Il se caractérise par les trois éléments suivants : le renforcement de la transdisciplinarité, la densité, et l’étendue du réseau, favorisant la création d’entreprise par les chercheurs dont le fonctionnement est supervisé par des institutions spécifiques (le plus souvent publiques et semi-publiques), des financements de la R&D (y compris fondamentale) originaux qui garantissent une collaboration entreprise/université efficace.
Sécurité ferroviaire : Du client menace au client ressource
Authors: Abramovici Marianne , Bachiri Nordine 
Published: March 2012

Résumé Les entreprises de transport public de voyageurs sont des entreprises réseau complexes, dont l’activité de service, réalisée pour partie devant et avec sa clientèle, génère de nombreux risques industriels. Dans l’analyse de ces risques, le client est souvent considéré comme une source d’incertitude, voire une menace. La gestion du client dans une problématique de sécurité ferroviaire consiste souvent à placer des dispositifs permettant de limiter les actions possibles de celui-ci ou leurs conséquences. L’objet de cet article est, en partant d’un événement particulier : l’incident de la gare de Villeneuve Triage, d’explorer d’autres modes d’analyse du rôle du client permis par la littérature économique et de gestion sur les activités de service.