bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Does Session Attendance by a Supportive Significant Other Predict Outcomes in Individual Treatment for Alcohol Use Disorders?
Authors: Hunter‐Reel Dorian , Witkiewitz Katie , Zweben Allen 
Published: February 2012

Background:A significant amount of research has supported the efficacy of couple versus individual treatment for alcohol use disorders, yet little is known about whether involving a significant other during the course of individual treatment can improve outcomes. Likewise, several barriers to couple treatment exist and a more flexible approach to significant other involvement may be warranted.Methods:This study constituted secondary analyses of the COMBINE data, a randomized clinical trial that combined pharmacotherapy and behavioral intervention for alcohol dependence. Data were drawn from the 16‐week individual combined behavioral intervention (CBI), which had 776 participants, 31% of which were female, and 23% were non‐white. The current study examined whether attendance by a supportive significant other (SSO) during CBI sessions would predict better outcomes. It was further hypothesized that active SSO involvement, defined by attendance during drink refusal or communication skills training sessions, would predict better outcomes.Results:SSOs attended at least 1 session for 26.9% of clients. Clients with SSOs who attended at least 1 session had significantly fewer drinking days and fewer drinking‐related problems at the end of treatment. The presence of an SSO during a drink refusal training session predicted significantly better outcomes, as compared to SSO attendance at other sessions and drink refusal training without an SSO present. SSO attendance at a communication training session did not predict better outcomes.Conclusions:These results suggest that specific types of active involvement may be important for SSO‐involved treatment to have greater efficacy than individual treatment.
Housing in Environmental Complexity Following Wheel Running Augments Survival of Newly Generated Hippocampal Neurons in a Rat Model of Binge Alcohol Exposure During the Third Trimester Equivalent
Authors: Hamilton Gillian F. , Boschen Karen E. , Goodlett Charles R. , Greenough William T. , Klintsova Anna Y. 
Published: February 2012

BackgroundBinge‐like alcohol exposure in neonatal rats during the brain growth spurt causes deficits in adult neurogenesis in the hippocampal dentate gyrus (DG). Previous data from our laboratory demonstrated that 12 days of voluntary wheel running (WR) beginning on postnatal day (PD) 30 significantly increased the number of newly generated cells evident in the DG on PD42 in both alcohol‐exposed (AE) and control rats, but 30 days later a sustained beneficial effect of WR was evident only in control rats. This study tested the hypothesis that housing rats in environmental complexity (EC) following WR would promote the survival of the newly generated cells stimulated by WR, particularly in AE rats.MethodsOn PD4 to 9, pups were intubated with alcohol in a binge‐like manner (5.25 g/kg/d), sham‐intubated (SI), or reared normally. In Experiment 1, animals were either assigned to WR during PD30 to 42 or socially housed (SH). On PD42, animals were injected with bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU; 200 mg/kg) and perfused 2 hours later to confirm the WR‐induced stimulation of proliferation. In Experiment 2, all animals received WR on PD30 to 42 and were injected with BrdU on the last full day of WR. On PD42, animals were randomly assigned either to EC (WR/EC) or to SH (WR/SH) for 30 days and subsequently perfused and brains were processed for immunohistochemical staining to identify BrdU+‐, Ki67+‐, and BrdU+/NeuN+‐labeled cells in DG.ResultsIn Experiment 1, WR exposure significantly increased the number of proliferating cells in all 3 postnatal conditions. In Experiment 2, the AE rats given WR/SH had significantly fewer BrdU+ cells compared with control rats given WR/SH. However, WR/EC experience significantly increased the number of surviving BrdU+ cells in both the AE and SI groups compared with WR/SH rats of the same neonatal treatment. Approximately 80% of the surviving BrdU+ cells in the DG across the conditions were colabeled with NeuN.ConclusionsWR followed by EC could provide a behavioral model for developing interventions in humans to ameliorate hippocampal‐dependent impairments associated with fetal alcohol spectrum disorders.
Metabolic Biomarkers of Prenatal Alcohol Exposure in Human Embryonic Stem Cell–Derived Neural Lineages
Authors: Palmer Jessica A. , Poenitzsch Ashley M. , Smith Susan M. , Conard Kevin R. , West Paul R. , Cezar Gabriela G. 
Published: February 2012

BackgroundFetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD) are a leading cause of neurodevelopmental disability. The mechanisms underlying FASD are incompletely understood, and biomarkers to identify those at risk are lacking. Here, we perform metabolomic analysis of embryoid bodies and neural lineages derived from human embryonic stem (hES) cells to identify the neural secretome produced in response to ethanol (EtOH) exposure.MethodsWA01 and WA09 hES cells were differentiated into embryoid bodies, neural progenitors, or neurons. Cells along this progression were cultured for 4 days with 0, 0.1, or 0.3% EtOH. Supernatants were subjected to C18 chromatography followed by ESI‐QTOF‐MS. Features were annotated using public databases, and the identities of 4 putative biomarkers were confirmed with purified standards and comparative MS/MS.ResultsEtOH treatment induced statistically significant changes to metabolite abundance in human embryoid bodies (180 features), neural progenitors (76 features), and neurons (42 features). There were no shared significant features between different cell types. Fifteen features showed a dose–response to EtOH. Four chemical identities were confirmed: l‐thyroxine, 5′‐methylthioadenosine, and the tryptophan metabolites, l‐kynurenine and indoleacetaldehyde. One feature with a putative annotation of succinyladenosine was significantly increased in both EtOH treatments. Additional features were selective to EtOH treatment but were not annotated in public databases.ConclusionsEtOH exposure induces statistically significant changes to the metabolome profile of human embryoid bodies, neural progenitors, and neurons. Several of these metabolites are normally present in human serum, suggesting their usefulness as potential serum FASD biomarkers. These findings suggest the biochemical pathways that are affected by EtOH in the developing nervous system and delineate mechanisms of alcohol injury during human development.
Long‐Term Effects of Three Multicomponent Exercise Interventions on Physical Performance and Fall‐Related Psychological Outcomes in Community‐Dwelling Older Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Freiberger Ellen , Häberle Lothar , Spirduso Waneen W. , Rixt Zijlstra G. A. 
Published: February 2012

ObjectivesTo determine the long‐term effects of three strength and balance exercise interventions on physical performance, fall‐related psychological outcomes, and falls in older people.DesignA single‐blinded, four‐group, randomized controlled trial.SettingCommunity, Germany.ParticipantsCommunity‐dwelling adults aged 70 to 90 who had fallen in the past 6 months or reported fear of falling.InterventionAfter baseline assessment, 280 participants were randomly assigned to the control group (CG; no intervention; n = 80) or one of three strength and balance exercise interventions (the strength and balance group (SBG; strength and balance only; n = 63), the fitness group (FG; strength and balance plus endurance training; n = 64), or the multifaceted group (MG; strength and balance plus fall risk education; n = 73). The interventions consisted of 32 one‐hour group sessions in 16 weeks.MeasurementsData on physical performance, fall‐related psychological outcomes, and falls were collected for 24 months.ResultsMixed‐effects regression analyses showed improved short‐ and long‐term (12 and 24 months, respectively) physical performance for the SBG and FG, particularly regarding mobility, balance, and walking speed (P < .05). The improvements in physical performance outcomes were most prominent in the FG. Fall‐related psychological outcomes, number of falls, and injurious falls were not significantly different from in the control group.ConclusionTraining focusing on strength, balance, and endurance can enhance physical performance for up to 24 months in community‐dwelling older adults. These findings did not translate to improved fall‐related psychological outcomes or reduced incidence of falls. This demonstrates the need for a different approach (e.g., regarding intervention dose and components) to gain intervention benefits in the multiple domains that contribute to independence and well‐being in older adults.
Clinical and Electrophysiologic Characteristics of Antidromic Tachycardia in Children with Wolff‐Parkinson‐White Syndrome
Authors: CERESNAK SCOTT R. , TANEL RONN E. , PASS ROBERT H. , LIBERMAN LEONARDO , COLLINS KATHRYN K. , VAN HARE GEORGE F. , GATES GREGORY J. , DUBIN ANNE M. 
Published: February 2012

Background:

Antidromic reciprocating tachycardia (ART) is a rare form of wide complex tachycardia in children with Wolff‐Parkinson‐White syndrome (WPW). The incidence and electrophysiologic characteristics of ART in children with WPW have not been well described.
Methods:

A multicenter retrospective analysis of all patients with WPW undergoing electrophysiology (EP) study from 1990 to 2009 was performed. Patients with clinical or inducible ART were included.
Results:

A total of 1,147 patients with WPW underwent EP study and 30 patients had ART (2.6%) and were the subject of this analysis. The mean age was 16 ± 3 years, weight was 65 ± 16 kg, and tachycardia cycle length was 305 ± 55 ms. There were two patients (7%) with congenital heart disease (both with Ebstein's anomaly). Four patients (13%) had more than one accessory pathway (AP). The location of the AP was left sided in 53% of patients and right sided in 47%, with septal location and left lateral pathways most commonly involved. AP conduction was found to be high risk in 17 patients (57%). Ablation was not attempted in two patients (7%) due to proximity to the HIS and risk of heart block. Ablation was acutely successful in 93% of the patients in whom it was attempted.
Conclusions:

ART is a rare finding in children undergoing EP study. Over half of the patients with ART were found to be high risk and multiple AP were uncommon. Unlike the adult population, ART occurred commonly with septal APs. PACE 2012; 35:480–488)
A Clinical Audit of the Number of Vaginal Examinations in Labor: A NOVEL Idea
Authors: Borders Noelle , Lawton Robyn , Martin Shannon R. 
Published: February 2012

Introduction: Clinical practice audits present an opportunity for providers to examine and reflect on their practice. Vaginal examinations are an integral part of intrapartum care but can be uncomfortable for women and can increase the risk of chorioamnionitis. Thus, vaginal examinations should be performed thoughtfully and for necessary reasons.Methods: A busy midwifery service at a large academic center underwent an audit of the number of vaginal examinations performed in labor for 205 women admitted in spontaneous labor or with spontaneous rupture of membranes. The retrospective chart audit was performed by research midwives who queried 2 electronic medical record databases, 1 for provider progress notes and 1 for nursing notes.Results: On average, a woman underwent 4 vaginal examinations during labor, a rate greater than the World Health Organization recommendation of 1 examination every 4 hours during the first stage. The rate of presumed chorioamnionitis in this group of healthy, low‐risk women was 6%, and women with this diagnosis averaged 7 vaginal examinations.Discussion: After presentation and discussion of the audit findings, the midwives expressed appreciation for the opportunity to explore such a fundamental element of clinical practice and a heightened awareness of the importance of performing and documenting vaginal examinations. Audits of a similar nature in other midwifery practices are needed, as are studies exploring rates and possible modifiable causes of chorioamnionitis in low‐risk women.
Uterine Activity During the Third Stage of Labor
Authors: Schorn Mavis N. 
Published: February 2012

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the use of intrauterine pressure catheters (IUPCs) to measure uterine activity during the third stage of labor.Methods: The study was conducted in a tertiary‐care center. All births were attended by certified nurse‐midwives. Low‐risk pregnant women at term gestation had intrauterine monitoring attempted during the third stage of labor. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and analysis of variance.Results: Of the 36 women in the study, 19 had clear contractions recorded, 4 had unclear contractions, and 13 had flat tracings. The IUPC was useful for measuring uterine activity in a small number of women during the third stage of labor. When measured, uterine contractions were variable in strength and frequency.Discussion: Intrauterine pressure catheters can be used as a measurement of uterine activity during the third stage of labor and should be considered for future research about third‐stage physiology. Further work is needed to determine the best procedure for placement, and IUPC use before expulsion of the placenta will not be useful in all women. Effective measurement of uterine activity may guide future research on interventions to reduce the risk of postpartum hemorrhage.
A Facile Starch‐Assisted Sol–Gel Method to Synthesize K‐Doped Li2ZrO3 Sorbents with Excellent CO2 Capture Properties
Authors: Xiao Qiang , Tang Xiaodan , Zhong Yijun , Zhu Weidong 
Published: February 2012

A facile starch‐assisted sol–gel method combined with freeze‐drying technique has been developed to synthesize K‐doped Li2ZrO3 sorbents. SEM, TEM, and XRD techniques have been applied to characterize the morphology and structure of the synthesized K‐doped Li2ZrO3 samples. The CO2 capture‐regeneration properties of the prepared K‐doped Li2ZrO3 sample were investigated using thermogravimetric analysis at different CO2 partial pressures. The K‐doped Li2ZrO3 synthesized using the starch‐assisted sol–gel method combined with the freeze‐drying technique shows excellent CO2 capture properties. At 823 K and a CO2 partial pressure of 0.25 bar, the uptake of CO2 reaches 22 wt% within 20 min, which is approximately 87% of the stoichiometric sorption capacity (25.3 wt%) of CO2 in the K‐doped Li2ZrO3 with a K:Li:Zr composition of 0.2:1.6:1 in molar ratio. Furthermore, the sorbent shows a good stability, confirmed using capture‐regeneration cycles.
Acquisition of human alveolar bone‐derived stromal cells using minimally irrigated implant osteotomy: in vitro and in vivo evaluations
Authors: Park Jung‐Chul , Kim Jane C. , Kim Yong‐Tae , Choi Seong‐Ho , Cho Kyoo‐Sung , Im Gun‐Il , Kim Byung‐Soo , Kim Chang‐Sung 
Published: February 2012

AbstractObjectivesImplant osteotomy yields a substantial amount of bone in the form of bone chips entrapped within drill flutes, and can provide a promising cell source for tissue engineering. The aims of this study were to isolate human alveolar bone‐derived stromal cells (hABCs) obtained during implant osteotomy, and to evaluate osteogenic differentiation capacity of hABCs.Material and methodsBone chips were obtained by minimally irrigated implant drilling technique from 10 human donors. Isolated cells were studied with respect to their colony‐forming efficiency, surface marker expression by immunofluorescence staining, fluorescence‐activated cell sorting analysis and self‐renewal potency. To verify the differentiation activity, in vitro osteogenic and adipogenic gene expressions were evaluated by reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction, and in vitro formation of mineralized nodule and adipocytes was also evaluated. In vivo bone‐forming activity was assessed by ectopic transplantation in immunocompromised mice (n = 5).ResultsHuman alveolar bone‐derived stromal cells population with characteristics of mesenchymal stem cells was present in the isolated cells. Upon hABC transplantation, significant ectopic bone formation was induced with the characteristics of fully matured bone tissue.ConclusionThe data support the feasibility of using hABCs as a source of stem cells for dentoalveolar bone tissue reconstruction. The cell source has an advantage that the hABCs can be easily acquired during implant surgery.
A novel α0‐thalassemia deletion in a Greek patient with HbH disease and β‐thalassemia trait
Authors: Phylipsen Marion , Traeger‐Synodinos Jan , van der Kraan Martijn , van Delft Peter , Bakker Greet , Geerts Mariska , Kanavakis Emmanuel , Stamoulakatou Alexandra , Karagiorga Markissia , Giordano Piero C. , Harteveld Cornelis L. 
Published: February 2012

AbstractObjectives:  To determine the molecular basis in a Greek child suspected of having HbH disease and β‐thalassemia trait.Methods:  Standard hematology, Hb electrophoresis, and HPLC. Multiplex ligation‐dependent probe amplification (MLPA), direct sequencing, and breakpoint characterization by NimbleGen fine‐tiling array analysis.Results:  The index patient showed a moderate microcytic hypochromic anemia with normal ZPP and elevated HbA2, indicative for β‐thalassemia trait. However, the moderate microcytic hypochromic anemia along with the observation of HbH inclusions in occasional red blood cells suggested a coexisting α‐thalassemia. Molecular analysis indicated that the propositus inherited the β+‐thalassemia mutation IVS2‐745 (c>g) and a novel α0‐thalassemia deletion from the mother, and the common non‐deletion α‐thalassemia allele α2(−5nt)α from the father. The α0‐thalassemia deletion, named ‐ ‐BGS, is approximately 131.6 kb in length. It removes the major regulatory elements along with the functional α‐globin genes but leaves the theta‐gene intact.Conclusions:  The compound interaction of a β‐thalassemia defect along with a single functional α‐globin gene is quite rare. Although patients with HbH/β‐thal and simple HbH disease have comparable levels of Hb, the absence of free β‐globin chains and thus detectable non‐functional HbH means that in HbH/β‐thal, the levels of functional Hb are higher, resulting in a better compensated functional anemia. Rare large deletions as the one described here remain undetected by gap‐PCR in routine molecular screening. The introduction of MLPA as a diagnostic screening tool may improve laboratory diagnostics for these defects. The use of NimbleGen fine‐tiling arrays may give additional information about the precise location of breakpoints.
Influence of air‐abrasion executed with polyacrylic acid‐Bioglass 45S5 on the bonding performance of a resin‐modified glass ionomer cement
Authors: Sauro Salvatore , Watson Timothy F. , Thompson Ian , Toledano Manuel , Nucci Cesare , Banerjee Avijit 
Published: February 2012

Sauro S, Watson TF, Thompson I, Toledano M, Nucci C, Banerjee A. Influence of air‐abrasion executed with polyacrylic acid‐Bioglass 45S5 on the bonding performance of a resin‐modified glass ionomer cement.

Eur J Oral Sci 2012; 120: 168–177. © 2012 Eur J Oral SciThe aim of this study was to test the microtensile bond strength (μTBS), after 6 months of storage in PBS, of a resin‐modified glass ionomer cement (RMGIC) bonded to dentine pretreated with Bioglass 45S5 (BAG) using various etching and air‐abrasion techniques. The RMGIC (GC Fuji II LC) was applied onto differently treated dentine surfaces followed by light curing for 30s. The specimens were cut into matchsticks with cross‐sectional areas of 0.9 mm2. The μTBS of the specimens was measured after 24 h or 6 months of storage in PBS and the results were statistically analysed using two‐way anova and the Student–Newman–Keuls test (α = 0.05). Further RMCGIC‐bonded dentine specimens were used for interfacial characterization, micropermeability, and nanoleakage analyses by confocal microscopy. The RMGIC–dentine interface layer showed no water absorption after 6 months of storage in PBS except for the interdiffusion layer of the silicon carbide (SiC)‐abraded/polyacrylic acid (PAA)‐etched bonded dentine. The RMGIC applied onto dentine air‐abraded with BAG/H2O only or with BAG/PAA‐fluid followed by etching procedures (10% PAA gel) showed no statistically significant reduction in μTBS after 6 months of storage in PBS. The abrasion procedures performed using BAG in combination with PAA might be a suitable strategy to enhance the bonding durability and the healing ability of RMGIC bonded to dentine.
Biophysical characterization of synthetic amelogenin C‐terminal peptides
Authors: Khan Feroz , Li Wu , Habelitz Stefan 
Published: February 2012

Khan F, Li W, Habelitz S. Biophysical characterization of synthetic amelogenin C‐terminal peptides.

Eur J Oral Sci 2012; 120: 113–122. © 2012 Eur J Oral SciAmelogenin plays a key role in the formation of the highly mineralized structure of tooth enamel. During the secretory stage, amelogenin is cleaved gradually by a protease, matrix metalloproteinase‐20 (MMP‐20), releasing hydrophilic C‐terminal peptides. In this study, the biophysical properties of synthetic C‐terminal peptides (of 28, 17, and 11 residues), mimicking native peptides, were explored in vitro. A sudden decrease was observed in the zeta (ζ)‐potential upon the addition of calcium or phosphates, which was also accompanied by an increased aggregation propensity of the peptides. Under most of the experimental conditions, the particle size increased at a pH 2–3 units higher than the isoelectric point (pI) of the peptides, while the peptides existed as smaller particles (<2 nm) near their pI values and in the acidic range. They showed poor affinity for calcium and phosphates, comparable to full‐length amelogenin and variants. The secondary structure determination showed that the 11‐amino‐acid peptide contained defined secondary structure comprising beta‐sheets and turns. Atomic force microscopy analysis revealed the presence of thin, disk‐like nanostructures of 54.4 nm diameter for the 28‐amino‐acid peptide and 54.9 nm diameter for the 11‐amino acid peptide, whereas no definite structures were observed for the 17‐amino‐acid peptide. It is concluded that the amelogenin C‐terminal peptides are capable of interacting with calcium and phosphate ions, of self‐assembly into nanostructures, and may have some secondary structure, and hence may have some role in enamel synthesis.