bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Randomized investigation of the MitraClip device in heart failure: Design and rationale of the RESHAPE‐HF2 trial design
Authors: Anker Stefan D. , Friede Tim , von Bardeleben Ralph Stephan , Butler Javed , Fatima Kaneez , Diek Monika , Heinrich Jutta , Hasenfuß Gerd , Schillinger Wolfgang , Ponikowski Piotr 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAimsThe safety and effectiveness of the MitraClip device to treat functional mitral regurgitation (FMR) has been tested in previous clinical trials yielding somewhat heterogeneous results in heart failure (HF) patients. Over time, the MitraClip device system has been modified and clinical practice evolved to consider also less severely diseased HF patients with FMR for this therapeutic option. The RESHAPE‐HF2 trial aims to assess the safety and effectiveness of the MitraClip device system on top of medical therapy considered optimal in the treatment of clinically significant FMR in symptomatic patients with chronic HF.MethodsThe RESHAPE‐HF2 is an investigator‐initiated, prospective, randomized, parallel‐controlled, multicentre trial designed to evaluate the use of the MitraClip device (used in the most up‐to‐date version as available at sites) plus optimal standard of care therapy (device group) compared to optimal standard of care therapy alone (control group). Eligible subjects have signs and symptoms of HF (New York Heart Association [NYHA] class II–IV despite optimal therapy), and have moderate‐to‐severe or severe FMR, as confirmed by a central echocardiography core laboratory; have an ejection fraction between ≥20% and ≤50% (initially 15–35% for NYHA class II patients, and 15–45% for NYHA class III/IV patients); have been adequately treated per applicable standards, and have received appropriate revascularization and cardiac resynchronization therapy, if eligible; had a HF hospitalization or elevated natriuretic peptides (B‐type natriuretic peptide [BNP] ≥300 pg/ml or N‐terminal proBNP ≥1000 pg/ml) in the last 90 days; and in whom isolated mitral valve surgery is not a recommended treatment option. The trial has three primary endpoints, which are these: (i) the composite rate of total (first and recurrent) HF hospitalizations and cardiovascular death during 24 months of follow‐up, (ii) the rate of total (i.e. first and recurrent) HF hospitalizations within 24 months, and (iii) the change from baseline to 12 months in the Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire overall score. The three primary endpoints will be analysed using the Hochberg procedure to control the familywise type I error rate across the three hypotheses.ConclusionsThe RESHAPE‐HF2 trial will provide sound evidence on the MitraClip device and its effects in HF patients with FMR. The recruitment was recently completed with 506 randomized patients.
Shaking table test for subway station considering the influence of diaphragm walls
Authors: Yu Haitao , Wang Zhikun , Zhang Zhongjie , Song Yi , Liu Shu 
Published: April 2024

AbstractUnderground diaphragm walls are commonly used as a support system for the construction of subway stations, working together with inner side walls of subway stations to withstand the pressure from surrounding soils. However, the effect of diaphragm walls on the seismic response of subway stations is still not well understood yet, or at least not well considered during design. In this paper, a series of 1 g shaking table tests is designed to investigate the seismic response of a typical two‐story and three‐span subway station considering the influence of underground diaphragm walls. The stratum is simulated by synthetic model soil (a mixture of sand and sawdust), and the model structure and diaphragm walls are made by granular concrete with galvanized steel wires. A test case of the structure without diaphragm walls is also involved and taken as a benchmark comparison to understand the impact of diaphragm walls on the seismic response of subway station. The seismic excitations for the test include actual seismic records with the amplitude of 0.2, 0.4, and 0.8 g, respectively. Based on the test data analysis, a comprehensive discussion is conducted on the influence of diaphragm walls on the seismic design of underground structures. Current misconceptions that ignoring the role of diaphragm walls is a conservative way in seismic design of underground structures are also reviewed. Results show that the presence of underground diaphragm walls would enhance the lateral stiffness of the structure, and thus significantly reduce the lateral deformation of subway stations during earthquakes. Notably, the structure with diaphragm walls also exhibits a significant amplification in acceleration response and experiences greater dynamic earth pressures on the sidewalls, and furthermore the strains at the connection between the sidewalls and diaphragm walls are dramatically amplified during the earthquake. It is worth noting that these adverse effects of the diaphragm walls on the amplification of dynamic earth pressures on the structure as well as the increase of internal forces at the sidewalls end‐diaphragm walls connection should be carefully considered in the seismic design of underground structures.
Genomic characterization of Cronobacter sakazakii strains in the neonatal meningitis clonal complex 4
Authors: Hu Jinrui , Li Zhenpeng , Sun Yan , Shi Wenyu , Du Xiaoli , Meng Shuang , Yu Zhengfei , Liu Jinyue , Forsythe Stephen , Cui Zhigang , Zhou Haijian 
Published: April 2024

AbstractCronobacter sakazakii clonal complex 4 (CC4) is strongly associated with neonatal meningitis. However, C. sakazakii CC4‐specific pathogenicity traits have not been determined. In this study, the comparative genomic analysis of 144 genomes of C. sakazakii CC4 strains and 376 non‐CC4 C. sakazakii strains was undertaken. Twenty‐four CC4 strains were previously undescribed clinical and nonclinical strains that had been collected from various regions in China (2006–2017). The remaining genomes were of multiple sequence types of C. sakazakii strains, which had been isolated worldwide (1973–2021). The pan‐genome of C. sakazakii comprised 32,332 genes, of which 2.58% (832 genes) constituted the core genome. More C. sakazakii CC4 strains have a complete cusABCFR efflux system with a significant difference compared with non‐CC4 strains, and the ibeB‐homologous cusC gene in the cusABCFR efflux system is probably associated with the invasion of human brain microvascular endothelial cells (BMEC). In addition, the isolates with K2:CA2 capsule or type IV pili‐associated genes associated with neonatal meningitis were statistically more present in CC4 strains than non‐CC4 strains (p < .0001). The thorough description of VirB/VirD4 gene cluster for the type IV secretion system and the impB/impF and vasL/vasJ gene clusters for the type VI secretion system in C. sakazakii were provided. Overall, the specific and diverse virulence factors and genes may have led to C. sakazakii CC4 clone increasing its ability to invade human BMEC and leading to neonatal meningitis. Our findings should facilitate the development of novel strategies to prevent, diagnose, and treat C. sakazakii CC4 infections.
Heavy menstrual bleeding and dysmenorrhea in adolescents: A systematic review of self‐management strategies, quality of life, and unmet needs
Authors: Pouraliroudbaneh Shiva , Marino Jennifer , Riggs Elisha , Saber Ashraf , Jayasinghe Yasmin , Peate Michelle 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundHeavy menstrual bleeding (HMB) and dysmenorrhea (DM) are common gynecological problems.ObjectiveTo systematically review the needs, quality of life (QOL), and effectiveness of self‐management strategies among young women (12–25 years) with DM or HMB.Search StrategyRelevant terms were searched through PubMed, EBSCO, Google Scholar, ProQuest, and Ovid between 2010 and 2022.Selection CriteriaQualitative and quantitative studies published in peer‐reviewed journals, females aged 12–25, exploring DM or HMB, reporting supportive care needs, quality of life, self‐treatment strategies, and/or treatment‐seeking behavior.Data Collection and AnalysisAbstracts were reviewed for eligibility by two researchers. Included studies were extracted and assessed for quality independently by two authors, with discrepancies resolved through consensus or the involvement of a third researcher. Data extracted included study details, menstrual history, symptoms, self‐care strategies, and quality of life. The Joanna Briggs Institute checklists were used for quality assessment.Main ResultsThe search returned 285 190 studies, of which 55 were eligible for inclusion. Prevalence rates of HMB and DM were in the ranges 4%–63% and 42%–94%, respectively. Over 80% of young women with DM and HMB experienced physical and psychological problems, including pelvic pain, sleep issues, mood disturbance, diarrhea, and nausea. Academic performance and daily activities were severely affected. Most (>62%) named their mothers as their primary source of information, and friends as the secondary source (10%–65%). Few studies explored needs, but they could be inferred and fell under school‐related and social needs. QOL was poorer in those who had DM than those who did not. Pain was the most common issue that drove young women to find treatment. More than 70% used medication to reduce pain. More than half chose home remedies (e.g., heat therapy, massages, herbal tea, hot drinks). No studies provided information about the efficacy and dosage of medication and herbal remedies.ConclusionsHMB and DM have a large impact on daily living, with large areas of unmet need. Limited access to information impairs the management of symptoms and consequent QOL.
Risk of intrapartum cesarean delivery in twin pregnancies: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Barg Moshe , Melamed Ben , Aviram Amir , Mei‐Dan Elad , Barrett Jon , Melamed Nir 
Published: April 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo compare the risk of intrapartum cesarean delivery (CD) between patients with twin and singleton pregnancies undergoing a trial of labor and identify risk factors for intrapartum CD in twin pregnancies.MethodsThe present study was a retrospective cohort study of patients with a twin or singleton pregnancy who underwent a trial of labor at ≥340/7 weeks in a single center (2015–2022). The primary outcome was the rate of intrapartum CD. In twin pregnancies, this outcome was limited to CD of both twins. The association of plurality with intrapartum CD was estimated using multivariable Poisson regression.ResultsA total of 20 754 patients met the study criteria, 669 of whom had a twin pregnancy. Patients with twins had a greater risk of intrapartum CD (of both twins) than those with singleton pregnancies (22.1% vs 15.9%, respectively; aRR 1.38 [95% CI: 1.15–1.66]), primarily due to a greater risk of failure to progress. In addition, 4.1% of the twin pregnancies had a CD for the second twin, resulting in an overall CD rate in twin pregnancies of 26.2%. Variables associated with intrapartum CD in twin pregnancies included nulliparity (aOR 3.50, 95% CI: 2.34–5.25), birthweight discordance >20% (aOR 2.47, 95% CI: 1.27–4.78), and labor induction (aOR 1.64, 95% CI: 1.07–2.53). The rate of intrapartum CD was highest when all three risk factors were present (67% [95% CI: 41%–87%]).ConclusionTwin pregnancies are associated with a greater risk of intrapartum CD than singleton pregnancies. Information on the individualized risk of intrapartum CD may be valuable when counseling patients with twins regarding mode of delivery.
Impact of CYP2C19, CYP2C9, CYP3A4, and FMO3 Genetic Polymorphisms and Sex on the Pharmacokinetics of Voriconazole after Single and Multiple Doses in Healthy Chinese Subjects
Authors: Liu Shuaibing , Yao Xia , Tao Jun , Zhao Shiyu , Sun Suke , Wang Suyun , Tian Xin 
Published: April 2024

AbstractVoriconazole is the first‐line treatment for invasive aspergillosis. Its pharmacokinetics exhibit considerable inter‐ and intra‐individual variability. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of CYP2C19, CYP2C9, CYP3A4, and FMO3 genetic polymorphisms and sex on the pharmacokinetics of voriconazole in healthy Chinese adults receiving single‐dose and multiple‐dose voriconazole, to provide a reference for its clinical individualized treatment. A total of 123 healthy adults were enrolled in the study, with 108 individuals and 15 individuals in the single‐dose and multiple‐dose doses, respectively. Plasma voriconazole concentrations were measured using a validated LC‐MS/MS method, and pharmacokinetics parameters were calculated using the non‐compartmental method with WinNonlin 8.2. CYP2C19, CYP2C9, CYP3A4, and FMO3 single‐nucleotide polymorphisms were sequenced using the Illumina Hiseq X‐Ten platform. The results suggested that CYP2C19 genetic polymorphisms significantly affected the pharmacokinetics of voriconazole at single doses of 4, 6, and 8 mg/kg and multiple doses of voriconazole. CYP3A4 rs2242480 had a significant effect on AUC0‐∞ (area under the plasma concentration‐time curve from time 0 to infinity) and MRT (mean residence time) of voriconazole at a single dose of 4 mg/kg in CYP2C19 extensive metabolizer. Regardless of the CYP2C19 genotype, CYP2C9 rs1057910 and FMO3 rs2266780 were not associated with the pharmacokinetics of voriconazole at three single‐dose levels or multiple doses. No significant differences in most voriconazole pharmacokinetics parameters were noted between male and female participants after single and multiple dosing. For patients receiving voriconazole treatment, CYP2C19 genetic polymorphisms should be genotyped for its precision administration. In contrast, based on our study of healthy Chinese adults, it seems unnecessary to consider the effects of CYP2C9, CYP3A4, and FMO3 genetic polymorphisms on voriconazole pharmacokinetics.
Three‐dimensional morphometry of kidney in New Zealand rabbit using unbiased design‐based stereology
Authors: Sadeghinezhad Javad , Lazzarini Giulia , Bojarzadeh Hadis , Gatta Alessandra , Rezai Sobhan , Pirone Andrea , Miragliotta Vincenzo 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe rabbit is widely used as a laboratory animal in experimental models of kidney diseases. This species is also important from a veterinary perspective as a companion animal. Stereology has been accepted as an accurate approach to kidney morphometry. The objective of the present project was to provide normal quantitative stereological parameters for adult rabbit kidneys. The left kidneys of five adult male New Zealand rabbits were used. Isotropic sections were obtained using the orientation method. Total kidney volume was calculated by the Cavalieri principle. The volume fraction of the renal structures was estimated using the point counting system. The lengths of the proximal convoluted tubule (PCT) and distal convoluted tubule (DCT) were calculated using counting frames. The total glomerular number was accounted for using the physical/fractionator technique. The mean glomerular volume was obtained by dividing the total volume of glomeruli by their total number. The total volume of rabbit kidneys calculated was 10.39 ± 1.98 cm3. The fractional volume of the kidney cortex and medulla accounted for 57.79 ± 0.65% and 42.2 ± 0.65%, respectively. The total glomerular volume was 2.18 ± 0.32% of the whole kidney. The total number of glomeruli in the rabbit kidney was estimated as 204.68 ± 12 × 103. The mean glomerular volume measured 1.07 ± 0.12 × 106 μm3. The total length of PCT and DCT was 2.96 ± 0.29 km and 1.38 ± 0.24 km, respectively. These findings can be used as a reference in experimental nephrology research and may help to expand the knowledge of nephrology in mammals by comparing with available data on humans and other species.Research Highlights
Three‐dimensional morphometry of adult rabbit kidney structures was analyzed using quantitative stereology.
Total volume of kidney, fractional volume of cortex and medulla, length of renal tubules and number of nephrons were estimated.
These three‐dimensional morphometrical data can be used as a reference in experimental nephrology research and may help to expand the knowledge of nephrology in mammals.
Mpox outbreak in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil: A translational approach
Authors: Lira Guilherme S. , Ota Victor A. , Melo Mariana Q. S. , Castiñeiras Anna C. P. , Leitão Isabela C. , Silva Bianca O. , Mariani Diana , Gonçalves Cássia C. A. , Ribeiro Liane J. , Halpern Marcia , Abreu Thalita F. , Carneiro Fabiana A. , Scheid Helena T. , Souza Leonardo A. V. , Rodrigues Débora G. M. , Cruz Nádia V. G. , Cony Andrea , Carvalho Silvia , de Lima Loyze P. O. , Viala Vincent L. , Caldas Lucio A. , de Souza Wanderley , Higa Luiza M. , Voloch Carolina M. , Ferreira Orlando C. , Damaso Clarissa R. , Galliez Rafael M. , Faffe Débora S. , Tanuri Amilcar , Castiñeiras Terezinha M. P. P. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractMpox is a zoonotic disease historically reported in Africa. Since 2003, limited outbreaks have occurred outside Africa. In 2022, the global spread of cases with sustained interhuman transmission and unusual disease features raised public health concerns. We explore the mpox outbreak in Rio de Janeiro (RJ) state, Brazil, in an observational study of mpox‐suspected cases from June to December 2022. Data collection relied on a public healthcare notification form. Diagnosis was determined by MPXV‐PCR. In 46 confirmed cases, anti‐OPXV IgG was determined by ELISA, and seven MPXV genomes were sequenced. A total of 3095 cases were included, 816 (26.3%) with positive MPXV‐PCR results. Most positive cases were men in their 30 s and MSM. A total of 285 (34.9%) MPXV‐PCR+ patients live with HIV. Eight were coinfected with varicella‐zoster virus. Anogenital lesions and adenomegaly were associated with the diagnosis of mpox. Females and individuals under 18 represented 9.4% and 5.4% of all confirmed cases, respectively, showing higher PCR cycle threshold (Ct) values and fewer anogenital lesions compared to adult men. Anti‐OPXV IgG was detected in 29/46 (63.0%) patients. All analyzed sequences belonged to clade IIb. In RJ state, mpox presented a diverse clinical picture, represented mainly by mild cases with low complication rates and prominent genital involvement. The incidence in females and children was higher than usually reported. The observation of a bimodal distribution of Ct values, with few positive results, may suggest the need to review the diagnostic criteria in these groups.
Risk factors and prevalence of ramp lesions in ACL ruptures: An analysis from the registry of the Francophone Arthroscopic Society
Authors: Lambrey Pierre‐Jean , Fayard Jean‐Marie , Graveleau Nicolas , Toanen Cécile , Noailles Thibaut , Letartre Romain , Barth Johannes , Cavaignac Etienne ,   The Francophone Society of Arthroscopy ACL Registry Study Group, Bouguennec Nicolas , Thaunat Mathieu 
Published: April 2024

AbstractPurposeThe study aimed to estimate the prevalence of ramp lesions among patients undergoing anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction and identify risk factors associated with these lesions.MethodsA retrospective, multicentre cohort study was conducted using data from the Francophone Arthroscopic Society's registry, including 5359 patients who underwent ACL reconstruction (ACLR) from June 2020 to June 2023. Potential risk factors for ramp lesion such as patient demographics, revision surgery, pivot shift, side‐to‐side anteroposterior laxity, medial collateral ligament (MCL) injury, lateral meniscal tear and the volume of ligament remnant were evaluated using multivariate regression analyses. BMI and delay to surgery were also assessed.ResultsRamp lesions were identified in 822 patients (15.3%). Univariate analysis identified male sex, younger age, revision surgery, lateral meniscal injury, percentage of ACL remnant (all p < 0.0001) and pivot shift (p = 0.0103) as significant risk factors. MCL injury was associated with a lower risk (p < 0.0001). In multivariate analysis, male sex, younger age, revision surgery, lateral meniscal injury and percentage of ACL remnants remained significant risk factors, while MCL injury remained a protective factor. The anteroposterior laxity wasn't a significant predictor in either analysis. In subgroup analysis, there were no differences concerning body mass index (n.s) and the delay to surgery (n.s).ConclusionThe study identified male sex, younger age, revision surgery, lateral meniscal injury and pourcentage of ACL remnant as significant risk factors for ramp lesions, with MCL injury acting as a protective factor. This will help regarding the suspicion and identification of ramp lesions.Level of EvidenceLevel III.
Mechanically Actuated Kerr Soliton Microcombs
Authors: Fujii Shun , Wada Koshiro , Kogure Soma , Kumazaki Hajime , Tanabe Takasumi 
Published: April 2024

AbstractMode‐locked ultrashort pulse sources with a repetition rate of up to several tens of gigahertz greatly facilitate versatile photonic applications such as frequency synthesis, metrology, radar, and optical communications. Dissipative Kerr soliton microcombs provide an attractive solution as a broadband, high‐repetition‐rate compact laser system in this context. However, its operation usually requires sophisticated pump laser control to initiate and stabilize the soliton microcombs, particularly in millimeter‐sized ultrahigh‐Q whispering‐gallery resonators. Here, a mechanically actuated soliton microcomb oscillator is realized with a microwave repetition rate of 15 GHz. This enables direct initiation, subsequent long‐term stabilization, and fine tuning of soliton combs without pump laser tunability that is generally required for soliton microcomb operation. The prospects for using this method with a wide range of applications are revealed that will benefit from mechanical soliton actuation such as optical clocks, spectral extension, and dual‐comb spectroscopy.
MicroRNA‐431‐5p inhibits angiogenesis, lymphangiogenesis, and lymph node metastasis by affecting TGF‐β1/SMAD2/3 signaling via ZEB1 in gastric cancer
Authors: Liu Pengpeng , Ding Ping'an , Yang Jiaxuan , Wu Haotian , Wu Jiaxiang , Guo Honghai , Yang Peigang , Tian Yuan , Meng Lingjiao , Zhao Qun 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAccumulating evidence suggests that lymphangiogenesis plays a crucial role in lymphatic metastasis, leading to tumor immune tolerance. However, the specific mechanism remains unclear. In this study, miR‐431‐5p was markedly downregulated in both gastric cancer (GC) tissues and plasma exosomes, and its expression were correlated negatively with LN metastasis and poor prognosis. Mechanistically, miR‐431‐5p weakens the TGF‐β1/SMAD2/3 signaling pathway by targeting ZEB1, thereby suppressing the secretion of VEGF‐A and ANG2, which in turn hinders angiogenesis, lymphangiogenesis, and lymph node (LN) metastasis in GC. Experiments using a popliteal LN metastasis model in BALB/c nude mice demonstrated that miR‐431‐5p significantly reduced popliteal LN metastasis. Additionally, miR‐431‐5p enhances the efficacy of anti‐PD1 treatment, particularly when combined with galunisertib, anti‐PD1 treatment showing a synergistic effect in inhibiting GC progression in C57BL/6 mice. Collectively, these findings suggest that miR‐431‐5p may modulate the TGF‐β1/SMAD2/3 pathways by targeting ZEB1 to impede GC progression, angiogenesis, and lymphangiogenesis, making it a promising therapeutic target for GC management.