bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Single‐cell RNA‐seq reveals novel interaction between muscle satellite cells and fibro‐adipogenic progenitors mediated with FGF7 signalling
Authors: Ma Lu , Meng Yingying , An Yalong , Han Peiyuan , Zhang Chen , Yue Yongqi , Wen Chenglong , Shi Xin'e , Jin Jianjun , Yang Gongshe , Li Xiao 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundMuscle satellite cells (MuSCs) exert essential roles in skeletal muscle adaptation to growth, injury and ageing, and their functions are extensively modulated by microenvironmental factors. However, the current knowledge about the interaction of MuSCs with niche cells is quite limited.MethodsA 10× single‐cell RNA sequencing (scRNA‐seq) was performed on porcine longissimus dorsi and soleus (SOL) muscles to generate a single‐cell transcriptomic dataset of myogenic cells and other cell types. Sophisticated bioinformatic analyses, including unsupervised clustering analysis, marker gene, gene set variation analysis (GSVA), AUCell, pseudotime analysis and RNA velocity analysis, were performed to explore the heterogeneity of myogenic cells. CellChat analysis was used to demonstrate cell–cell communications across myogenic cell subpopulations and niche cells, especially fibro‐adipogenic progenitors (FAPs). Integrated analysis with human and mice datasets was performed to verify the expression of FGF7 across diverse species. The role of FGF7 on MuSC proliferation was evaluated through administering recombinant FGF7 to porcine MuSCs, C2C12, cardiotoxin (CTX)‐injured muscle and d‐galactose (d‐gal)‐induced ageing model.ResultsScRNA‐seq totally figured out five cell types including myo‐lineage cells and FAPs, and myo‐lineage cells were further classified into six subpopulations, termed as RCN3+, S100A4+, ID3+, cycling (MKI67+), MYF6+ and MYMK+ satellite cells, respectively. There was a higher proportion of cycling and MYF6+ cells in the SOL population. CellChat analysis uncovered a particular impact of FAPs on myogenic cells mediated by FGF7, which was relatively highly expressed in SOL samples. Administration of FGF7 (10 ng/mL) significantly increased the proportion of EdU+ porcine MuSCs and C2C12 by 4.03 ± 0.81% (P < 0.01) and 6.87 ± 2.17% (P < 0.05), respectively, and knockdown of FGFR2 dramatically abolished the pro‐proliferating effects (P < 0.05). In CTX‐injured muscle, FGF7 significantly increased the ratio of EdU+/Pax7+ cells by 15.68 ± 5.45% (P < 0.05) and elevated the number of eMyHC+ regenerating myofibres by 19.7 ± 4.25% (P < 0.01). Under d‐gal stimuli, FGF7 significantly reduced γH2AX+ cells by 17.19 ± 3.05% (P < 0.01) in porcine MuSCs, induced EdU+ cells by 4.34 ± 1.54% (P < 0.05) in C2C12, and restored myofibre size loss and running exhaustion in vivo (all P < 0.05).ConclusionsOur scRNA‐seq reveals a novel interaction between muscle FAPs and satellite cells mediated by FGF7–FGFR2. Exogenous FGF7 augments the proliferation of satellite cells and thus benefits muscle regeneration and counteracts age‐related myopathy.
Trajectories of mental health across the primary to secondary school transition
Authors: Donaldson Caitlyn , Hawkins Jemma , Rice Frances , Moore Graham 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundAdolescence is a period of profound developmental change during which the prevalence of mental health problems starts to increase. It also typically coincides with a school transition. Understanding mental health trajectories through school transition is important to inform interventions to support young people's mental health during this period.MethodsIn a longitudinal study with three assessment points spaced six months apart spanning the transition from primary (T1 = end of primary school [Year 6]) to secondary school (T2 = beginning of the first year secondary school [Year 7]; T3 = end of first year of secondary school [Year 7]) we carried out a latent class growth analysis of symptoms of common mental health problems. Young people (mean age at baseline of 11.2 years, standard deviation 0.29; 46.8% female; 53.2% male) from South East England (n = 1861) were included. We modelled emotional problems, conduct problems, hyperactivity and peer problems in parallel over the transition period. Individual‐level variables: socioeconomic status (SES), special educational need(s) (SEN), gender, negative life events (NLEs) and being worried about transition were tested as predictors of trajectory class membership using multinomial logistic regression.ResultsA model with four trajectory classes provided the best fit to the data: ‘persistently elevated’ mental health problems, ‘emotional and peer problems’, ‘hyperactivity and conduct problems’ and ‘persistently low’ mental health problems. Class membership was differentially predicted by the individual‐level variables.ConclusionsYoung people from low SES backgrounds, those with SEN and those who have experienced two or more NLEs are more likely to exhibit trajectories with elevated mental health difficulties through the transition to secondary school. Young people who were worried about transition were more likely to belong to a trajectory class characterised by elevated emotional problems.
Evaluating the difference in perception of the Akinosi technique among dentistry students: A comparison between theoretical and practical learning
Authors: Yusifli Fatima , Işik Bozkurt Kubilay 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIntroductionEffective pain control is crucial in dental practice; thus, local anesthetic techniques have been extensively taught. The Halstead technique is the most commonly used inferior alveolar nerve block despite its relatively high failure rate. On the other hand, the Vazirani‒Akinosi technique (VAT) is less commonly taught. This study evaluated changes in final‐year students’ perceptions of VAT after a period of active learning.MethodsThis prospective randomized study was performed in 2022 and included fifth‐year dental students (n = 91). The study group (n = 49) received practical VAT training during oral surgery internships, whereas the control group (n = 42) did not. A Likert‐scale questionnaire assessed students' perceptions, theoretical knowledge, and difficulty levels. An independent sample t‐test was used for comparison and the statistical significance level was set at p < 0.05.ResultsThe survey response rate was 100%. Statistical analysis revealed significant differences between the groups for seven of the 12 questionnaire statements (p < 0.05). Overall, perception scores favored the study group, indicating a more positive response. The statements related to theoretical knowledge, except for one statement, showed no significant differences (p > 0.05).ConclusionPractical training significantly improved students' perceptions of VAT, demonstrating the importance of active learning in dental education. Faculties should integrate active learning methods to enhance students' clinical skills and prepare them for professional practice.
Reliability and responsiveness of the Swedish short Hip‐RSI
Authors: Wörner Tobias , Sansone Mikael , Stålman Anders , Eek Frida 
Published: May 2024

AbstractPurposeThe aim of this study was to examine test–retest reliability and responsiveness of the short version (6‐item) Hip Return to Sport after Injury (Hip‐RSI) scale in patients following hip arthroscopy.MethodsThe study included 100 hip arthroscopy patients responding to a digital survey including the short version (6‐item) Hip‐RSI, International Hip Outcome Tool (short version) (iHOT‐12) and RTS status 3, 6 and 9 months following surgery. The Hip‐RSI was administered twice at 3‐month follow‐up. Test–retest reliability was evaluated using intraclass correlation coefficients. Responsiveness was tested by correlations between changes in Hip‐RSI and iHOT‐12 scores and by comparing change in Hip‐RSI scores of patients who progressed on the return to sport (RTS) continuum (from return to any sport to return to performance) to patients who did not, using independent samples t‐tests.ResultsHip‐RSI was found to have excellent test–retest reliability on the individual (intraclass correlation coefficient, ICC [95% confidence interval, CI]: 0.90 [0.83–0.94]) and group level (ICC [95% CI]: 0.95 [0.91–0.97]) with a standard error of measurement of 5.53 and smallest detectable change of 15.3 on the individual and 2.2 on the group level. Hip‐RSI was found responsive to change through positive correlations of changes in scores with changes in iHOT‐12 scores from 3 to 6 months (r [95% CI]: 0.51 [0.35–0.65]; p < 0.001) and from 3 to 9 months following arthroscopy (r [95% CI]: 0.61 [0.57–0.79); p < 0.001). Further responsiveness was shown by significant mean changes in scores among patients that progressed on the RTS‐continuum (3–6 months: 8.6 [95% CI: 3.8– 13.5); 3–9 months: 12.6 [5.6–19.7]).ConclusionThe short version (6‐item) Hip‐RSI demonstrated excellent test–retest reliability and responsiveness to change in the evaluation of psychological readiness to RTS following hip arthroscopy.Level of EvidenceLevel II.
Minimum‐degree conditions for rainbow triangles
Authors: Falgas‐Ravry Victor , Markström Klas , Räty Eero 
Published: May 2024

AbstractLet be a triple of graphs on a common vertex set of size . A rainbow triangle in is a triple of edges with for each and forming a triangle in . In this paper we consider the following question: what triples of minimum‐degree conditions guarantee the existence of a rainbow triangle? This may be seen as a minimum‐degree version of a problem of Aharoni, DeVos, de la Maza, Montejano and Šámal on density conditions for rainbow triangles, which was recently resolved by the authors. We establish that the extremal behaviour in the minimum‐degree setting differs strikingly from that seen in the density setting, with discrete jumps as opposed to continuous transitions. Our work leaves a number of natural questions open, which we discuss.
Bounding the number of odd paths in planar graphs via convex optimization
Authors: Antonir Asaf Cohen , Shapira Asaf 
Published: May 2024

AbstractLet denote the maximum number of copies of in an vertex planar graph. The problem of bounding this function for various graphs has been extensively studied since the 70's. A special case that received a lot of attention recently is when is the path on vertices, denoted . Our main result in this paper is that
This improves upon the previously best known bound by a factor , which is best possible up to the hidden constant, and makes a significant step toward resolving conjectures of Ghosh et al. and of Cox and Martin. The proof uses graph theoretic arguments together with (simple) arguments from the theory of convex optimization.
Investigating MRI‐Associated Biological Aspects of Racial Disparities in Prostate Cancer for African American and White Men
Authors: Zabihollahy Fatemeh , Miao Qi , Naim Sohaib , Sonni Ida , Vangala Sitaram , Kim Harrison , Hsu William , Sisk Anthony , Reiter Robert , Raman Steven S. , Sung Kyunghyun 
Published: May 2024

BackgroundUnderstanding the characteristics of multiparametric MRI (mpMRI) in patients from different racial/ethnic backgrounds is important for reducing the observed gaps in clinical outcomes.PurposeTo investigate the diagnostic performance of mpMRI and quantitative MRI parameters of prostate cancer (PCa) in African American (AA) and matched White (W) men.Study TypeRetrospective.SubjectsOne hundred twenty‐nine patients (43 AA, 86 W) with histologically proven PCa who underwent mpMRI before radical prostatectomy.Field Strength/Sequence3.0 T, T2‐weighted turbo spin echo imaging, a single‐shot spin‐echo EPI sequence diffusion‐weighted imaging, and a gradient echo sequence dynamic contrast‐enhanced MRI with an ultrafast 3D spoiled gradient‐echo sequence.AssessmentThe diagnostic performance of mpMRI in AA and W men was assessed using detection rates (DRs) and positive predictive values (PPVs) in zones defined by the PI‐RADS v2.1 prostate sector map. Quantitative MRI parameters, including Ktrans and ve of clinically significant (cs) PCa (Gleason score ≥ 7) tumors were compared between AA and W sub‐cohorts after matching age, prostate‐specific antigen (PSA), and prostate volume.Statistical TestsWeighted Pearson's chi‐square and Mann–Whitney U tests with a statistically significant level of 0.05 were used to examine differences in DR and PPV and to compare parameters between AA and matched W men, respectively.ResultsA total number of 264 PCa lesions were identified in the study cohort. The PPVs in the peripheral zone (PZ) and posterior prostate of mpMRI for csPCa lesions were significantly higher in AA men than in matched W men (87.8% vs. 68.1% in PZ, and 89.3% vs. 69.6% in posterior prostate). The Ktrans of index csPCa lesions in AA men was significantly higher than in W men (0.25 ± 0.12 vs. 0.20 ± 0.08 min−1; P < 0.01).Data ConclusionThis study demonstrated race‐related differences in the diagnostic performances and quantitative MRI measures of csPCa that were not reflected in age, PSA, and prostate volume.Evidence Level3Technical EfficacyStage 2
Charge‐solvated versus protonated salt forms of cyclodepsipeptide toxins in electrospray: Dissociation of alkali‐cationized forms enables straightforward sequencing of cereulide
Authors: Liuu Sophie , Trinh Kam eng , Darii Ekaterina , Cao Chenqin , Damont Annelaure , Gimbert Yves , Fenaille François , Makni Yassine , Inthavong Chanthadary , Lavison‐Bompard Gwenaëlle , Hennekinne Jacques‐Antoine , Firmesse Olivier , Tabet Jean‐Claude 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBacillus cereus is responsible for foodborne outbreaks worldwide. Among the produced toxins, cereulide induces nausea and vomiting after 30 min to 6 h following the consumption of contaminated foods. Cereulide, a cyclodepsipeptide, is an ionophore selective to K+ in solution. In electrospray, the selectivity is reduced as [M + Li]+; [M + Na]+ and [M + NH4]+ can also be detected without adding corresponding salts. Two forms are possible for alkali‐cationized ions: charge‐solvated (CS) that exclusively dissociates by releasing a bare alkali ion and protonated salt (PS), yielding alkali product ions by covalent bond cleavages (CBC) promoted by mobile proton. Based on a modified peptide cleavage nomenclature, the PS product ion series (b, a, [b + H2O] and [b + CnH2nO] [n = 4, 5]) are produced by Na+/Li+/K+‐cationized cereulide species that specifically open at ester linkages followed by proton mobilization promoting competitive ester CBC as evidenced under resonant collision activation. What is more, unlike the sodiated or lithiated cereulide, which regenerates little or no alkali cation, the potassiated forms lead to an abundant K+ regeneration. This occurs by splitting of (i) the potassiated CS forms with an appearance threshold close to that of the PS first fragment ion generation and (ii) eight to four potassiated residue product ions from the PS forms. Since from Na+/Li+‐cationized cereulide, (i) the negligible Na+/Li+ regeneration results in a higher sensibility than that of potassiated forms that abundantly releasing K+, and (ii) a better sequence recovering, the use of Na+ (or Li+) should be more pertinent to sequence isocereulides and other cyclodepsipeptides.
Spleen tyrosine kinase inhibitor R406 has both antiviral and anti‐inflammatory effects on severe influenza A infection
Authors: Luo Junhao , Gao Yongjun , Guo Wenhui , Zhao Song , Li Li , Zhang Zhuohan , Gao Rongbao 
Published: May 2024

AbstractDeath due to severe influenza is usually a fatal complication of a dysregulated immune response more than the acute virulence of an infectious agent. Although spleen tyrosine kinase (SYK) as a critical immune signaling molecule and therapeutic target plays roles in airway inflammation and acute lung injury, the role of SYK in influenza virus infection is not clear. Here, we investigated the antiviral and anti‐inflammatory effects of SYK inhibitor R406 on influenza infection through a coculture model of human alveolar epithelial (A549) and macrophage (THP‐1) cell lines and mouse model. The results showed that R406 treatment increased the viability of A549 and decreased the pathogenicity and mortality of lethal influenza virus in mice with influenza A infection, decreased levels of intracellular signaling molecules under the condition of inflammation during influenza virus infection. Combination therapy with oseltamivir further ameliorated histopathological damage in the lungs of mice and further delayed the initial time to death compared with R406 treatment alone. This study demonstrated that phosphorylation of SYK is involved in the pathogenesis of influenza, and R406 has antiviral and anti‐inflammatory effects on the treatment of the disease, which may be realized through multiple pathways, including the already reported SYK/STAT/IFNs‐mediated antiviral pathway, as well as TNF‐α/SYK‐ and SYK/Akt‐based immunomodulation pathway.
Hyperbaric oxygen therapy enhances osteointegration of reimplanted cranial flap by regulating osteogenesis–angiogenesis coupling
Authors: Pan Yonghao , Li Jiawei , Wu Jianqun , Yang Chengyu , Wu Siying , Yang Kunhua , Yang Xue , Chen Qian , Fu Guibing , Liu Chao 
Published: May 2024

AbstractCraniectomy is a lifesaving procedure to alleviate dangerously high intracranial pressure by removing a bone flap from the calvarium. However, the osteointegration of reimplanted bone flap with the existing bone tissue is still a clinical challenge. Hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) therapy has shown efficacy in promoting bone repair and could be a promising treatment for accelerating postoperative recovery. However, the specific cell types that are responsive to HBO treatment are not well understood. In this study, we created a murine model of craniectomy, with reimplantation of the cranial flap after 1 week. The effects of HBO treatment on bone formation and blood vessel formation around reimplanted bone were examined by micro‐computed tomography, histological staining, and immunofluorescence staining. Single‐cell RNA sequencing (scRNAseq) was utilized to identify key cell subtypes and signaling pathways after HBO treatment. We found that HBO treatment increased bone volume around reimplanted cranial flaps. HBO also increased the volume of Osterix‐expressing cells and type H vessels. scRNAseq data showed more mature osteoblasts and endothelial cells, with higher expressions of adhesion and migration‐related genes after HBO treatment. Cell–cell interaction analysis revealed a higher expression level of genes between mature osteoblasts and endothelial cells from the angiopoietin 2‐integrin α5β1 pathway. Taken together, HBO therapy promotes the healing process of craniectomy by regulating the crosstalk between vascular endothelial cells and osteogenic cells. These findings provide evidence in a preclinical model that HBO therapy enhances osteointegration by regulating angiogenesis–osteogenesis coupling, providing a scientific basis for utilizing HBO therapy for accelerating postoperative recovery after craniectomy.
Target NF‐κB p65 for preventing posttraumatic joint contracture in rats
Authors: Kong Lingpeng , Liang Yuqing , Hou Jing , Zhang Weiying , Jiang Shichao 
Published: May 2024

AbstractRelA/p65 is as a crucial component of the nuclear factor κB (NF‐κB) signaling pathway that has a significant impact on various fibrotic diseases. However, its role in the fibrosis of tissues surrounding the joint after traumatic injury remains unclear. In this study, rats were divided into three groups: non‐operated control (NC) group, p65‐siRNA treated (siRNA‐p65) group, and negative siRNA treated (siRNA‐neg) group. Then, 10 μL (10 nmol) of p65‐siRNA was injected into the joint of the siRNA‐p65 group. Meanwhile, 10 μL of negative siRNA was administered to the knee joint of the operated siRNA‐neg group for comparison. The rats in the NC group did not receive surgery or drug intervention. After 4 weeks of right knee fixation in each group, X‐ray measurements revealed significantly reduced degree of knee flexion contracture following p65‐siRNA treatment (siRNA‐neg: 77.73° ± 2.799°; siRNA‐p65: 105.7° ± 2.629°, p < 0.0001). Histopathological examination revealed that the number of dense fibrous connective tissues decreased following p65‐siRNA inhibition. Western blot analysis revealed significantly different expression levels of fibrosis‐related proteins between the siRNA‐p65 and siRNA‐neg groups. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed a reduction in the average number of myofibroblasts in the siRNA‐p65 group compared with that in the siRNA‐neg group. Thus, intra‐articular p65‐siRNA injection could attenuate fibroblast activation and fibrosis‐related protein production, suppress periarticular tissue fibrosis, and prevent joint contracture by downregulating the NF‐κB p65 pathway. Statement of clinical significance: Intra‐articular injection of p65‐siRNA could reduce myofibroblast proliferation and fibrosis‐related protein expression by downregulating the NF‐κB p65 pathway, inhibit periarticular tissue fibrosis, and prevent joint adhesion, which represents a potential therapy in the prevention of joint fibrosis following traumatic injury.
The preservation of storm events in the geologic record of New Jersey, USA
Authors: Joyse Kristen M. , Walker Jennifer S. , Godfrey Linda , Christie Margaret A. , Shaw Timothy A. , Corbett D. Reide , Kopp Robert E. , Horton Benjamin P. 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACTGeologic reconstructions of overwash events can extend storm records beyond the brief instrumental record. However, the return periods of storms calculated from geologic records alone may underestimate the frequency of events given the preservation bias of geologic records. Here, we compare a geologic reconstruction of storm activity from a salt marsh in New Jersey to two neighboring instrumental records at the Sandy Hook and Battery tide gauges. Eight overwash deposits were identified within the marsh's stratigraphy by their fan‐shaped morphology and coarser mean grain size (3.6 ± 0.7 φ) compared to autochthonous sediments they were embedded in (5.6 ± 0.8 φ). We used an age–depth model based on modern chronohorizons and three radiocarbon dates to provide age constraints for the overwash deposits. Seven of the overwash deposits were attributed to historical storms, including the youngest overwash deposit from Hurricane Sandy in 2012. The four youngest overwash deposits overlap with instrumental records. In contrast, the Sandy Hook and Battery tide gauges recorded eight and 11 extreme water levels above the 10% annual expected probability (AEP) of exceedance level, respectively, between 1932/1920 and the present. The geologic record in northern New Jersey, therefore, has a 36–50% preservation potential of capturing extreme water levels above the 10% AEP level.