bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
N‐acetyl‐cysteine protects chicken growth plate chondrocytes from T‐2 toxin‐induced oxidative stress
Authors: He Shao‐jun , Hou Jia‐fa , Dai Yu‐yi , Zhou Zhen‐lei , Deng Yi‐feng 
Published: July 2011

ABSTRACTT‐2 toxin is now considered to be related to bone malformation such as incomplete ossification, absence of bones and fused bones. In this study, primary cultures of chicken tibial growth plate chondrocytes (GPCs) were treated with various concentrations of T‐2 toxin (5, 50, and 500 n m) in the absence and presence of N‐acetyl‐cysteine (NAC) to investigate the effects of the antioxidant NAC on T‐2 toxin‐induced toxicity. Our results showed that T‐2 toxin markedly decreased cell viability, alkaline phosphatase activity and glutathione content (P < 0.05). In addition, T‐2 toxin significantly increased reactive oxygen species levels and malondialdehyde in a dose‐dependent manner. However, the T‐2 toxin‐induced cytotoxicity was reversed, in part, by the antioxidant NAC (P < 0.05). These results suggest that T‐2 toxin inhibits the proliferation and differentiation of GPCs in vitro by altering cellular homeostasis and NAC can protect GPCs against T‐2 toxin cytotoxicity by reducing the T‐2 toxin‐induced oxidative stress. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Accelerated neovascularization and endothelialization of vascular grafts promoted by covalently bound laminin type 1
Authors: Williams Stuart K. , Kleinert Leigh B. , Patula‐Steinbrenner Vangie 
Published: July 2011

AbstractDevelopment of a small diameter (<6 mm) synthetic vascular graft with clinically acceptable patency must overcome the inherent thrombogenicity of polymers and the development of neointimal thickening. Establishment of an endothelial cell lining on the lumenal surface has been hypothesized as a mechanism to improve the function of vascular grafts. The major aim of this study is to evaluate the use of laminin type 1, covalently bound to all surfaces of expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE) grafts, on neovascularization of the interstices and lumenal surface endothelialization. One millimeter i.d. vascular grafts were surface modified through covalent attachment of laminin type 1. Grafts were subsequently implanted as interpositional aortic grafts in rats. Following 5‐weeks implantation, the grafts were explanted and morphologically evaluated using scanning electron microscopy and light microscopy. Scanning electron microscopy identified an extensive coverage of antithrombogenic cells on the lumenal flow surface of laminin type 1 modified grafts. Histological evaluation confirmed the presence of endothelial cells on the midgraft lumenal surface of laminin 1 modified grafts. Extensive neovascularization of the interstices of the laminin‐modified grafts occurred as compared with control grafts. We conclude that surface modification using laminin type 1 accelerates both the neovascularization and endothelialization of porous ePTFE vascular grafts. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 99A: 67–73, 2011.
Osteopontin functionalization of hydroxyapatite nanoparticles in a PDLLA matrix promotes bone formation
Authors: Jensen T. , Baas J. , Dolathshahi‐Pirouz A. , Jacobsen T. , Singh G. , Nygaard J. V. , Foss M. , Bechtold J. , Bünger C. , Besenbacher F. , Søballe K. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractWe studied the osteoconductive tissue response of hydroxyapatite (HA) nanoparticles functionalized with osteopontin (OPN) in a matrix of poly‐D,L‐lactic‐acid (PDLLA). In a canine endosseus 0.75‐mm gap implant model, we tested the osteointegrative impact of the OPN functionalized composite as an implant coating, and a non‐functionalized composite was used as reference control. During the four weeks of observation, the OPN functionalized composite coating significantly increased the formation of new bone in the porosities of the implant, but no differences were observed in the gap. The study provides evidence of its potential use either alone or in combination with other osteoconductive compounds. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 99A: 94–101, 2011.
Implant‐assisted meniscal repair in vivo using a chondrocyte‐seeded flexible PLGA scaffold
Authors: Yoo Jeong Joon , Bichara David A. , Zhao Xing , Randolph Mark A. , Gill Thomas J. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractA cell‐based engineered construct can be used for healing of intractable meniscal lesions. Our aims were to assess the culture conditions (static versus dynamic oscillation) and the healing capacity of the chondrocyte‐seeded flexible implants in a heterotopic mouse model. Swine articular chondrocytes were labeled with PKH 26 or DiI dye and seeded onto a flexible PLGA scaffold using dynamic oscillating conditions for 24 h. Half of cell‐seeded scaffolds were cultured in the same dynamic conditions, while the remaining scaffolds were cultured statically. After 7 days, scaffolds were placed between swine meniscal discs and were implanted subcutaneously in nude mice for 6 weeks. Additional constructs for assessing in vivo cell tracking were implanted for 12 weeks. Live/dead assays demonstrated labeled chondrocytes attached throughout the scaffold in both culture conditions. DNA measurements showed no significant difference between the culture conditions. A continuous fibro‐cartilaginous healing tissue was observed between meniscal discs in all 12 dynamically cultured constructs and 9 of 11 statically cultured ones. There was no evidence of meniscal healing using acellular scaffold as well as in meniscal constructs lacking an implant. Both PKH 26‐ and DiI‐labeled cells were identified along the healing interface. We conclude the chondrocyte‐seeded flexible PLGA implants induce healing of meniscal discs in nude mice. Culture conditions after seeding have no apparent effects on healing. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 99A: 102–108, 2011.
Interfacial interactions of apolipoprotein AI and high density lipoprotein: Overlooked phenomena in blood‐material contact
Authors: Cornelius Rena M. , Macri Joseph , Brash John L. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractApolipoprotein AI (apo AI) is the major protein component of high density lipoprotein (HDL), and represents ∼1% of the total protein content of plasma. In previous work, apo AI was identified as a major component of the protein layers adsorbed from plasma to biomaterials having a wide range of surface properties. Notwithstanding such indications of the major contribution of lipoprotein interactions, these phenomena have been largely overlooked in the blood‐contacting biomaterials area. In this communication, detailed quantitative data on the adsorption of apo AI to typical “biomedical” segmented polyurethane (PU) are reported. Using radiolabeled apo AI, adsorption levels from buffer and plasma were found to be ∼0.5 and ∼0.2 μg/cm2, respectively. Albumin adsorption from plasma was comparable at about ∼0.17 μg/cm2. Since, it is unknown how much of the adsorbed apo AI is associated with HDL versus how much is in the free state, the corresponding molar quantities cannot be determined with certainty. However, if it is assumed that all of the adsorbed apo AI is free, the molar quantities adsorbed from plasma were in the ratio apo AI:albumin = 2.77, compared with 0.00063 in plasma. Immunoblot data showed similar trends with respect both to the variation in adsorbed quantity with plasma concentration and to the relative adsorbed quantities of apo AI and albumin. These data show unequivocally the very strong surface activity of apo AI and suggest that a key future focus for blood compatibility research should be lipoprotein interactions. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 99A: 109–115, 2011.
PEGylated silica nanoparticles encapsulating multiple magnetite nanocrystals for high‐performance microscopic magnetic resonance angiography
Authors: Wu Si‐Han , Lin Chien‐Yuan , Hung Yann , Chen Wei , Chang Chen , Mou Chung‐Yuan 
Published: July 2011

AbstractA novel magnetic resonance (MR) angiographic method, 3DΔR2‐mMRA (three dimensional and ΔR2 based microscopy magnetic resonance angiography), is developed as a clinical diagnosis for depicting the function and structure of cerebral small vessels. However, the visibility of microvasculatures and the precision of cerebral blood volume calculation greatly rely on the transverse relaxivity and intravascular half‐life of contrast agent, respectively. In this work, we report a blood pool contrast agent named H‐Fe3O4@SiO2–PEG where multiple Fe3O4 nanocrystals are encapsulated in a thin silica shell to enhance the T2‐relaxivity (r2 = 342.8 mM−1 s−1) and poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) is employed to reduce opsonization and prolong circulation time of nanoparticles. Utilization of the newly developed H‐Fe3O4@SiO2–PEG with a novel MR angiographic methodology, a high‐resolution MR image of rat cerebral microvasculatures is successfully obtained. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2011.
The structure of intersession experience in psychotherapy and its relation to the therapeutic alliance
Authors: Hartmann Armin , Orlinsky David , Zeeck Almut 
Published: July 2011

AbstractDuring the days‐long or week‐long intervals between their therapy sessions, patients typically recollect, reflect on, practice, and imaginatively elaborate on experiences they had during sessions with their therapists. These “intersession experiences” (IE) have been studied for some time with the Intersession Experience Questionnaire (IEQ) in Germany and the United States. This study aims to compare the factor structure of the English and the German versions of the IEQ and to explore the relation of IE to the therapeutic alliance, as a key process variable usually associated with outcome. Factor analyses on a total of 7,550 IEQ reports from 769 patients in outpatient, day hospital, and inpatient treatment showed almost identical factor structures in both countries and across different therapy settings. Significant associations were found between certain IE factors and therapeutic alliance, varying in strength (0.27≤r2≤0.66) by treatment duration and country. Theoretical, clinical and research implications of the findings are discussed. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Psychol 67:1–20, 2011.
Regulation of cell cycle components during exposure to anoxia or dehydration stress in the wood frog, Rana sylvatica
Authors: Roufayel Rabih , Biggar Kyle K. , Storey Kenneth B. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractThe wood frog (Rana sylvatica) exhibits a well‐developed natural anoxia and dehydration tolerance. The degree of stress tolerance depends on numerous biochemical adaptations, including stress‐induced hypometabolism that helps to preserve long‐term viability by reducing ATP demand. We hypothesized that the mechanisms involved in cell cycle control could act to aid in the establishment of the hypometabolic state required for stress survival. Selected proteins involved in the proliferation of cells were evaluated using immunoblotting in liver and skeletal muscle of wood frogs comparing controls with animals subjected to either 24‐hr anoxia exposure under a nitrogen gas atmosphere or dehydration to 40% of total body water lost (all at 5°C). Levels of cyclins (type A, B, D, and E) decreased significantly under both stresses in liver and skeletal muscle. Similar reductions were seen for Cyclin‐dependant kinases (Cdk) types 2, 4, and 6 in both liver and skeletal muscle; however, an increase in the relative amount of phosphorylated inactive p‐Cdk (Thr14/Tyr15) was observed in liver under both stresses. Levels of positive regulators of Cdk activity (Cdc25 type A and C) were significantly reduced in both tissues under both stresses, whereas negative regulators of Cdk activity (p16INK4a and p27KIP1) increased significantly in liver under both anoxia and dehydration stress (but not in muscle). This study provides the first report of differential regulation of cell cycle components in an anoxia and dehydration tolerant vertebrate, the wood frog, suggesting that cell cycle suppression is an active part of stress resistance and life extension in hypometabolic states. J. Exp. Zool. 315:487–494, 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The position of the AUG start codon in MFG‐based γ‐retroviral vectors has a dramatic effect on translation‐dependent protein expression
Authors: Frankel Timothy L. , Zhang Ling , Burns William R. , Zheng Zhili , Morgan Richard A. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractBackgroundIn the past three decades, much advancement has been made in γ‐retroviral vector mediated gene transfer. One widely used vector design is based on the MFG vector, which uses the Moloney murine leukemia virus (MoMLV) transcriptional unit with extended packaging signals and insertion of the native MoMLV envelope splice acceptor region immediate 5′ to the gene of interest inserted at an NcoI restriction site, which contains a translation start codon. Little is known about the impact of variations in start codon location within MFG‐based vectors on protein expression.MethodsTo evaluate variation in start condo placement, a gene encoding a T‐cell receptor (TCR) was cloned into an MFG‐based vector and site‐directed mutagenesis was used to move the gene away from the splice acceptor, as well as alter the frame with respect to the upstream start codon. Kozak consensus sequences were also added to the gene in an attempt to improve translation.ResultsProtein expression as measured by TCR surface expression and biological activity was substantially reduced when the gene was placed downstream and out‐of‐frame with the NcoI start codon. Expression was reestablished by mutation of the upstream start site, although at a reduced level. These findings were repeated with two other genes, a dominant negative TGFβRII and the reporter protein dEGFP.ConclusionsThese finding emphasize the scanning rule for translation initiation and stress the importance of cloning genes of interest into or near the native NcoI start site of MFG‐based retroviral vectors. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
An improved procedure for the three‐component synthesis of benzo[g]chromene derivatives using basic ionic liquid
Authors: Yu Yi , Guo Hongyun , Li Xiaojun 
Published: July 2011

AbstractA basic ionic liquid, 1‐butyl‐3‐methyl imidazolium hydroxide ([bmim]OH), efficiently promotes a one‐pot, three‐component condensation of aromatic aldehydes, malononitrile or ethyl cyanoacetate, and 2‐hydroxy‐1,4‐naphthoquinone to produce 4‐aryl‐5,10‐dihydro‐4H‐benzo[g]chromene‐5,10‐dione derivatives in high yields at room temperature. This reaction does not involve any hazardous organic solvent and toxic catalyst. The ionic liquid is recovered and recycled for subsequent reactions. Moreover, this protocol has the advantages of easy work‐up, short reaction time, high yields, and environmentally benign procedure compared with the reported methods. J. Heterocyclic Chem., (2011).
Pelvic and hindlimb myology of the basal archosaur Poposaurus gracilis (archosauria: Poposauroidea)
Authors: Schachner Emma R. , Manning, Phillip L. , Dodson Peter 
Published: July 2011

AbstractThe discovery of a largely complete and well preserved specimen of Poposaurus gracilis has provided the opportunity to generate the first phylogenetically based reconstruction of pelvic and hindlimb musculature of an extinct nondinosaurian archosaur. As in dinosaurs, multiple lineages of basal archosaurs convergently evolved parasagittally erect limbs. However, in contrast to the laterally projecting acetabulum, or “buttress erect” hip morphology of ornithodirans, basal archosaurs evolved a very different, ventrally projecting acetabulum, or “pillar erect” hip. Reconstruction of the pelvic and hindlimb musculotendinous system in a bipedal suchian archosaur clarifies how the anatomical transformations associated with the evolution of bipedalism in basal archosaurs differed from that of bipedal dinosaurs and birds. This reconstruction is based on the direct examination of the osteology and myology of phylogenetically relevant extant taxa in conjunction with osteological correlates from the skeleton of P. gracilis. This data set includes a series of inferences (presence/absence of a structure, number of components, and origin/insertion sites) regarding 26 individual muscles or muscle groups, three pelvic ligaments, and two connective tissue structures in the pelvis, hindlimb, and pes of P. gracilis. These data provide a foundation for subsequent examination of variation in myological orientation and function based on pelvic and hindlimb morphology, across the basal archosaur lineage leading to extant crocodilians. J. Morphol., 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectroscopic method for the determination of zerumbone in human plasma and its application to pharmacokinetics
Authors: Eid Eltayeb E. M. , Bustamam Abdul Ahmad , Rasedee A. , Suliman Fakhr Eldin O. , Sukari Mohd A. , Fatah Safa A. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractA rapid, sensitive, specific and selective LC–MS/MS method for the determination of zerumbone (ZER) in human plasma using 2,4‐diamino‐6‐(4‐methoxyphenyl)‐1,3,5‐triazine (DMTZ) as an internal standard (IS) has been developed and validated. ZER was chromatographed on C8 column using a mobile phase of acetonitrile/water (80:20, v/v) at a flow rate of 0.25 ml min−1. Quantitation was achieved using ESI+ interface, employing multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode at m/z 219 > 81 and 218 > 134 for ZER and IS, respectively. The calibration standards were linear over a range of 5–3000 ng ml−1 (r2 = 0.9994) with an LLOQ of 5 ng ml−1 (RSD %; 11.4% and bias%; 9.5%). Intra‐ and inter‐day precision of ZER assay ranged from 0.18 to 3.56% with accuracy (bias) that varied between − 5.09 and 4.3%, demonstrating good precision and accuracy. Recoveries of ZER and the IS from human plasma were above 85%. The developed method was validated for the determination of ZER in rat plasma. Linearity, stability of ZER and the ME on rat plasma were discussed. The applicability of the developed method was demonstrated by measuring ZER in rat plasma samples following intravenous and intraperitoneal administration of ZER prepared in hydroxypropyl‐β‐cyclodextrin (HPβCD) and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), respectively, in 20 mg kg−1 and this study indicated a clear significant difference (p < 0.05) in pharmacokinetic parameters of ZER in ZER/HPβCD complex compared with ZER in CMC preparation. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
High throughput identification of components from traditional Chinese medicine herbs by utilizing graphene or graphene oxide as MALDI‐TOF‐MS matrix
Authors: Liu Yang , Liu Junyan , Yin Peng , Gao Mingxia , Deng Chunhui , Zhang Xiangmin 
Published: July 2011

AbstractIn this work, graphene or graphene oxide was utilized, for the first time, to identify small molecular components from traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) herbs, by acting as matrix of matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry (MALDI‐TOF‐MS). Due to the large surface area of graphene or graphene oxide, the analytes were trapped tightly to the matrix, which avoids the contamination of the ion source and vacuum system. Besides, their excellent electronic, thermal and mechanical properties make them desired matrices for MALDI‐TOF‐MS. Stable analysis was achieved with no background inference even at the concentration of 100 nM. Moreover, the limit of detection (LOD) could be greatly lowered by utilizing graphene or graphene oxide as a pre‐enrichment adsorbent. In summary, the promoted MALDI‐TOF‐MS methodology was demonstrated to be simple, sensitive, fast, cost effective and, most importantly, high throughput. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
NR2B phosphorylation at tyrosine 1472 in spinal dorsal horn contributed to N‐methyl‐D‐aspartate‐induced pain hypersensitivity in mice
Authors: Li Shuai , Cao Jing , Yang Xian , Suo Zhan‐Wei , Shi Lei , Liu Yan‐Ni , Yang Hong‐Bin , Hu Xiao‐Dong 
Published: July 2011

AbstractCalcium influx via N‐methyl‐D‐aspartate (NMDA)‐subtype glutamate receptors (NMDARs) regulates the intracellular trafficking of NMDARs, leading to long‐lasting modification of NMDAR‐mediated synaptic transmission that is involved in development, learning, and synaptic plasticity. The present study investigated the contribution of such NMDAR‐dependent synaptic trafficking in spinal dorsal horn to the induction of pain hypersensitivity. Our data showed that direct activation of NMDARs by intrathecal NMDA application elicited pronounced mechanical allodynia in intact mice, which was concurrent with a specific increase in the abundance of NMDAR subunits NR1 and NR2B at the postsynaptic density (PSD)‐enriched fraction. Selective inhibition of NR2B‐containing NMDARs (NR2BR) by ifenprodil dose dependently attenuated the mechanical allodynia in NMDA‐injected mice, suggesting the importance of NR2BR synaptic accumulation in NMDA‐induced pain sensitization. The NR2BR redistribution at synapses after NMDA challenge was associated with a significant increase in NR2B phosphorylation at Tyr1472, a catalytic site by Src family protein tyrosine kinases (SFKs) that has been shown to prevent NR2B endocytosis. Intrathecal injection of a specific SFKs inhibitor, PP2, to block NR2B tyrosine phosphorylation eliminated NMDA‐induced NR2BR synaptic expression and also attenuated the mechanical allodynia. These data suggested that activation of spinal NMDARs was able to accumulate NR2BR at synapses via SFK signaling, which might exaggerate NMDAR‐dependent nociceptive transmission and contribute to NMDA‐induced nociceptive behavioral hyperresponsiveness. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Differential activity of regions of the psoas major and quadratus lumborum during submaximal isometric trunk efforts
Authors: Park Rachel J. , Tsao Henry , Cresswell Andrew G. , Hodges Paul W. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractControversy exists regarding the function of psoas major (PM) and quadratus lumborum (QL) at the lumbar spine. The functions of discrete regions of PM and QL were studied during trunk loading tasks. Twelve healthy participants performed isometric trunk loading tasks in various directions in upright sitting. Fine‐wire electromyography (EMG) electrodes were inserted under ultrasound guidance into PM fascicles arising from the transverse process (PM‐t) and vertebral body (PM‐v) and the anterior (QL‐a) and posterior (QL‐p) layers of QL on the right side. Although right PM‐t and PM‐v were both active during right lateral‐flexion trunk efforts, their activity was opposite in the sagittal plane, with greater PM‐t towards extension and PM‐v towards flexion. QL‐a and QL‐p were similarly active, though QL‐p was active to a greater percentage of MVC during right trunk lateral‐flexion efforts. Activity of QL‐p was modulated with respiratory phase during the loading tasks with trunk efforts towards the right lateral‐flexion/flexion and right lateral‐flexion directions. These findings provide novel understanding of the unique activation of discrete regions of PM and QL. These differences must be considered in future EMG studies to better understand the function of these deeply situated trunk muscles in the control of the lumbar spine. © 2011 Orthopaedic Research Society Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 30:311–318, 2012