bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: Semisynthetic Glycopeptides: Chemistry, Structure‐Activity Relationships and Prospects
Authors: CIABATTI R. , MALABARBA A. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Oxazolidinones, Dihydrofuranones, and Pyrrolidinones as Inactivators and Substrates of Monoamine Oxidase B: Approaches to the Design of Antiparkinsonian Agents
Authors: SILVERMAN R. B. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Core‐Modified Porphyrins and Their Nickel Complexes: Synthesis, Characterization, and Chemistry
Authors: LATOS‐GRAZYNSKI L. , CHMIELEWSKI P. J. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Organic Electronic Conductors
Authors: NISHIHARA H. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Construction of the Software to Control Biofunctions with Designed Molecules
Authors: SUZUKI M. , FURUTA K. , HOSOYA T. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Comparative risk‐adjusted mortality outcomes after primary surgery, radiotherapy, or androgen‐deprivation therapy for localized prostate cancer
Authors: Cooperberg Matthew R. , Vickers Andrew J. , Broering Jeanette M. , Carroll Peter R. ,   for the Cancer of the Prostate Strategic Urologic Research Endeavor (CaPSURE) Investigators
Published: August 2010

AbstractBACKGROUND:Because no adequate randomized trials have compared active treatment modalities for localized prostate cancer, the authors analyzed risk‐adjusted, cancer‐specific mortality outcomes among men who underwent radical prostatectomy, men who received external‐beam radiation therapy, and men who received primary androgen‐deprivation therapy.METHODS:The Cancer of the Prostate Strategic Urologic Research Endeavor (CaPSURE) registry comprises men from 40 urologic practice sites who are followed prospectively under uniform protocols, regardless of treatment. In the current study, 7538 men with localized disease were analyzed. Prostate cancer risk was assessed using the Kattan preoperative nomogram and the Cancer of the Prostate Risk Assessment (CAPRA) score, both well validated instruments that are calculated from clinical data at the time of diagnosis. A parametric survival model was constructed to compare outcomes across treatments adjusting for risk and age.RESULTS:In total, 266 men died of prostate cancer during follow‐up. Adjusting for age and risk, the hazard ratio for cancer‐specific mortality relative to prostatectomy was 2.21 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.50‐3.24) for radiation therapy and 3.22 (95% CI, 2.16‐4.81) for androgen deprivation. Absolute differences between prostatectomy and radiation therapy were small for men at low risk but increased substantially for men at intermediate and high risk. These results were robust to a variety of different analytic techniques, including competing risks regression analysis, adjustment by CAPRA score rather than Kattan score, and examination of overall survival as the endpoint.CONCLUSIONS:Prostatectomy for localized prostate cancer was associated with a significant and substantial reduction in mortality relative to radiation therapy and androgen‐deprivation monotherapy. Although this was not a randomized study, given the multiple adjustments and sensitivity analyses, it is unlikely that unmeasured confounding would account for the large observed differences in survival. Cancer 2010. © 2010 American Cancer Society.
Features of prognostic significance in solid ovarian teratoma
Authors: Beilby J. O. W. , Parkinson Constance 
Published: August 2010

AbstractThe morphology of 20 ovarian tumors reported as solid teratomas is reviewed and correlated with their clinical behavior, in an attempt to select histologic features of prognostic significance. Utilizing a grading system quantitating immature tissue of embryonic origin, a tendency was shown for fully mature tumors to follow a benign course, and for those composed predominantly of immature tissues to prove fatal. This method, however, was prognostically unreliable in 16 tumors. An additional but far more important prognostic guide in this series was provided by extra‐embryonic tissue of yolk sac origin, which was present in variable amounts and diverse histologic patterns; all teratomas including this component were fatal, frequently with evidence of extra‐abdominal metastases. In certain circumstances, immature embryonic teratomas were associated with widespread peritoneal implants, causing death from intestinal obstruction and recurrent ascites. It is important when considering prognosis and therapy to realize the metastatic potential of extra‐embryonic elements in teratomas, as distinct from the tendency of immature embryonic components to implant locally and mature into noninvasive deposits, which may be amenable to surgery.
Prognostic factors in osteosarcoma: A review of 20 years' experience at the university of pittsburgh health center hospitals
Authors: Scranton Pierce E. , Decicco Frank A. , Totten Robert S. , Yunis Eduardo J. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractThe histologic and clinical characteristics of 54 patients with osteosarcoma are reviewed. The association of rapid linear bone growth with the occurrence of this tumor is confirmed, and evidence for increased growth in these adolescent patients is presented. A significant increase in female survival is seen in this study, and the literature relevant to gender and survival is reviewed. A histologic characterization of six predominant tumor patterns is presented with correlation to survival. Increased survival is seen with two specific histologic patterns, but there is great variability in the histology and sampling of osteosarcomas, and the series is small.
Unusual intracardiac tumor in a child: Inflammatory pseudotumor or “granulomatous” variant of myxoma?
Authors: Gonzalez‐Crussi F. , Vanderbilt Burton L. , Miller Jon K. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractAn intracardiac tumor arising in the right atrium of a young child is reported. Morphologically, the lesion was reminiscent of “plasma cell granulomas,” but unprecedented in this location. Based on clinical manifestations, laboratory findings, histologic and ultrastructural characteristics of the mass, the speculation is put forth that this lesion may represent a cardiac myxoma with atypical structural features. An extension of this proposal is a pathogenetic sequence that would try to reconcile the complex clinical course of some myxomas with the described structural observations. Alternative choices for classification of the lesion are also given consideration.
Electromigration diffusivity spectrometry: A way for simultaneous determination of diffusion coefficients from mixed samples
Authors: Yang Suhua , Zhang Yiming , Liao Tao , Guo Zhenpeng , Chen Yi 
Published: August 2010

AbstractA novel method was proposed for simultaneous measurement of diffusion coefficients, (D), from mixed samples by electrophoresis and termed electromigration‐based diffusivity spectrometry. After theoretical treatment, D‐equation for practical use has been deduced. With a modified CE system built in laboratory, electromigration‐based diffusivity spectrometry has been realized and validated to suit for fast and accurate determination of diffusivities of mixed aromatic amino acids, phenols and aromatic organic acid, giving diffusivity spectra by peak area versus D, much similar to mass spectra. The precision of the measurement was found to critically depend on pH value of running buffer, which should be so selected that the analytes and internal standards could be charged at above 0.5e. The standards have to be selected at an electric flux far from each other and from analytes. In these cases, sample and running buffer concentrations, voltage and system temperature were found to have only negligible impact on the determination. In our test, the obtained measuring precision was generally kept within 1% for five runs, and the measured values of D agreed well with those from literature, with a deviation of less than 2.2% after the right use of calibration standards.
Zur Evolution des Holzstammes der Laubhölzer unter besonderer Berücksichtigung seiner Festigkeit
Authors: Süss Herbert 
Published: August 2010

AbstractUnter besonderer Berücksichtigung neuerer holzanatomischer Forschungsergebnisse werden einige Hauptlinien in der Entwicklung der Stammstruktur der Laubhölzer, besonders unter dem Gesichtspunkt seiner Festigkeit, dargestellt. Vor allem durch das Auftreten des Gefäßes als neues wasserleitendes Element, durch die schrittweise Reduzierung der Länge seiner Glieder und der damit verbundenen Möglichkeit der Vergrößerung des Gefäßdurchmessers, durch die mehr oder weniger starke Überlappung der Holzfasern, die Verlagerung des parenchymatischen Gewebes in die Wurzel und durch die Herausbildung der Ringporigkeit konnten sich die Laubhölzer in erdgeschichtlich kurzer Zeit in einem so hohen Maße entwickeln und die verschiedensten Standorte erobern und behaupten.
Several considerations on Early Sarmatian Flora from Bursuk, Republic of Moldavia
Authors: Givulescu R. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractThe author presents a braod analysis of different aspects concerning the flora (relations between palaeotropical — arctotertiary, entire leaves — dentate leaves, trees — shrubs — lianas — herbs, leaf size classes), the taphonomy palaeobiotopes, palaeobiocoenosis, and the palaeoclimate of the early Sarmatian flora from Bursuk, Republic of Moldavia.
A performance comparison of nodal discontinuous Galerkin methods on triangles and quadrilaterals
Authors: Wirasaet D. , Tanaka S. , Kubatko E. J. , Westerink J. J. , Dawson C. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractThis work presents a study on the performance of nodal bases on triangles and on quadrilaterals for discontinuous Galerkin solutions of hyperbolic conservation laws. A nodal basis on triangles and two tensor product nodal bases on quadrilaterals are considered. The quadrilateral element bases are constructed from the Lagrange interpolating polynomials associated with the Legendre–Gauss–Lobatto points and from those associated with the classical Legendre–Gauss points. Settings of interest concern the situation in which a mesh of triangular elements is obtained by dividing each quadrilateral element into two triangular elements or vice versa, the mesh of quadrilateral elements is obtained by merging two adjacent triangular elements. To assess performance, we use a linear advecting rotating plume transport problem as a test case. For cases where the order of the basis is low to moderate, the computing time used to reach a given final time for the quadrilateral elements is shorter than that for the triangular elements. The numerical results also show that the quadrilateral elements yield higher computational efficiency in terms of cost to achieve similar accuracy. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Geotechnics, tunnelling and support of the second tube of the Tauern Tunnel and comparison with the first tube /
Authors: Kohlböck Bernhard , Mayer Andreas , Schnabl Robert , Vergeiner Ralf 
Published: August 2010

AbstractThe construction of the Tauern Tunnel in the early 1970s was a milestone in the development of the New Austrian Tunnelling Method (NATM). The experience gained then formed the basis for the development of new technologies, which made tunnelling more efficient and safer and were applied consistently in the design and construction of the second tube. The present article describes the geological conditions, compares the geology with the original tunnel and then explains the starting points for the geomechanical design framework. The basic considerations for the planning of the tunnelling work are described, particularly for squeezing rock behaviour. Then there is a discussion of the geotechnical monitoring and implementation of the design during the excavation of the tunnel, with particular consideration of the problem of long‐duration creep deformation and the difficulties in the project‐specific determination of warning values. Finally, the conditions encountered along the new tube are summarised and compared with the design and geotechnical conditions of the first tube. This includes a description of the extremely complex and difficult tunnelling conditions in incompetent rock when passing through the approx. 300m long section in slope debris.Der Bau der ersten Röhre des Tauerntunnels in den frühen 70er Jahren des letzten Jahrhunderts stellte einen Meilenstein in der Entwicklung der Neuen Österreichischen Tunnelbauweise (NÖT) dar. Die damals gewonnenen Erfahrungen bildeten die Grundlage für die Entwicklung neuer Technologien, die den Tunnelbau effizienter und sicherer machten und bei Planung und Bau der 2. Röhre konsequent angewendet wurden. Vorliegender Beitrag erläutert nach einer Vorstellung der geologischen Rahmenbedingungen und einem Vergleich mit der Geologie der ersten Röhre die Ausgangspunkte für die geomechanische Rahmenplanung. Die grundsätzlichen Überlegungen bei der Vortriebsplanung, insbesondere für druckhaftes Gebirgsverhalten, werden dargestellt. In weiterer Folge wird auf die geotechnische Überwachung und Umsetzung der Planung während der Vortriebsarbeiten eingegangen, wobei besonders die Problematik von langanhaltenden Kriechverformungen und die Schwierigkeiten bei der projektspezifischen Festlegung von Warnwerten betrachtet werden. Abschließend werden die im Zuge des Vortriebs angetroffenen Verhältnisse zusammengefasst und eine Gegenüberstellung mit der Planung und den geotechnischen Verhältnissen der ersten Röhre durchgeführt. Dabei werden auch die äußerst komplexen und schwierigen Vortriebsbedingungen im Lockergestein bei der Durchörterung der ca. 300 m langen Hangschuttstrecke behandelt.
Parameterizing canopy resistance using mechanistic and semi‐empirical estimates of hourly evapotranspiration: critical evaluation for irrigated crops in the Mediterranean
Authors: Katerji Nader , Rana Gianfranco , Fahed Salim 
Published: August 2010

AbstractIn this paper two models are presented for calculating the hourly evapotranspiration λE (W m−2) using the Penman–Monteith equation. These models were tested on four irrigated crops (grass, soya bean, sweet sorghum and vineyard), with heights between 0·1 and 2·2 m at the adult growth stage. In the first model (Katerji N, Perrier A. 1983. Modélisation de l'évapotranspiration réelle ETR d'une parcelle de luzerne : rôle d'un coefficient cultural. Agronomie 3(6): 513–521, KP model), the canopy resistance rc is parameterized by a semi‐empirical approach. In the second model (Todorovic M. 1999. Single‐layer evapotranspiration model with variable canopy resistance. Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering—ASCE 125: 235–245, TD model), the resistance rc is parameterized by a mechanistic model. These two approaches are critically analysed with respect to the underlying hypotheses and the limitations of their practical application. In the case of the KP model, the mean slope between measured and calculated values of λE was 1·01 ± 0·6 and the relative correlation coefficients r2 ranged between 0·8 and 0·93. The observed differences in slopes, between 0·96 and 1·07, were not associated with the crop height. This model seemed to be applicable to all the crops examined. In the case of the TD model, the observed slope between measured and calculated values of λE for the grass canopy was 0·79. For the other crops, it varied between 1·24 and 1·34. In all the situations examined, the values of r2 ranged between 0·73 and 0·92. The TD model underestimated λE in the case of grass and overestimated it in the cases of the other three crops. The under‐ or overestimation of λE in the TD model were due: (i) to some inaccuracies in the theory of this model, (ii) to not taking into account the effect of aerodynamic resistance ra in the canopy resistance modelling. Therefore, the values of rc were under‐ or overestimated in consequence of mismatching the crop height. The high value of air vapour pressure deficit also contributed to the overestimation of λE, mainly for the tallest crop. The results clarify aspects of the scientific controversy in the literature about the mechanistic and semi‐empirical approaches for estimating λE. From the practical point of view the results also present ways for identifying the most appropriate approach for the experimental situations encountered. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Deposition of lead and cadmium released by cigarette smoke in dental structures and resin composite
Authors: Takeuchi Cristina Yoshie Garcia , Corrêa‐Afonso Alessandra Marques , Pedrazzi Hamilton , Dinelli Welingtom , Palma‐Dibb Regina Guenka 
Published: August 2010

AbstractCigarette smoke is a significant source of cadmium, lead, and toxic elements, which are absorbed into the human organism. In this context, the aim of this study was to investigate in vitro the presence of toxic elements, cadmium, and lead deriving from cigarette smoke in the resin composite, dentine, and dental enamel. Eight cylindrical specimens were fabricated from resin composite, bovine enamel, and root dentin fragments that were wet ground and polished with abrasive paper to obtain sections with 6‐mm diameter and 2‐mm thickness. All specimens were exposed to the smoke of 10 cigarettes/day during 8 days. After the simulation of the cigarette smoke, the specimens were examined with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and the energy‐dispersive X‐ray analysis. In the photomicrographic analysis in SEM, no morphological alterations were found; however, the microanalysis identified the presence of cadmium, arsenic, and lead in the different specimens. These findings suggest that the deposition of these elements derived from cigarette smoke could be favored by dental structures and resin composite. Microsc. Res. Tech., 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Preparation of multideuterated 5‐deoxystrigol for use as an internal standard for quantitative LC/MS
Authors: Ueno Kotomi , Hanada Atsushi , Yamaguchi Shinjiro , Asami Tadao 
Published: August 2010

AbstractWe prepared deuterium‐labeled 5‐deoxystrigol (5DS), a multifunctional plant second metabolite, using a simple set of procedures. The labeled compound contained mainly [3a,4,4,5,5,6′‐D6]‐5DS and [D5]‐5DS and did not contain unlabeled 5DS. Therefore, multideuterated 5DS can be used as an internal standard in liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC/MS) assays to quantitate the amounts of 5DS in plants and root exudates. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Preparation and evaluation of reagents for tagging amino and thiol groups with fluorous stannanes. A convenient method for producing radioiodinated compounds in high effective specific activity
Authors: Donovan Amanda C. , Valliant John F. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractBuilding on the previously reported fluorous labeling strategy (FLS), a new approach for preparing molecular imaging and therapy agents derived from radioiodine in high purity without the need to employ HPLC was developed. A series of novel reagents containing a fluorous arylstannane, including fluorous benzaldehydes (1a/b) and an aryl‐iodoacetamide (2), were prepared so that the FLS could be used to label and purify targeting vectors that contain free amines or thiol groups. The reagents were conjugated to model amines and thiols in generally high yields (79–95%) under mild conditions. The fully characterized products were radiolabeled with Na[125I] in the presence of iodogen and the products were purified using fluorous solid‐phase extraction to yield the desired iodinated products in high yield (>83%) and high effective specific activity (ESA). The work reported creates a convenient and flexible means of preparing targeted molecular imaging and therapy agents derived from radioisotopes of iodine in high ESA. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Synthesis and stability of a carbon‐14‐labeled 3‐hydroxy‐3‐methylglutaryl coenzyme‐A reductase inhibitor
Authors: Burrell Richard C. , Bonacorsi Samuel J. , Rinehart J. Kent , Ahmad Saleem , Ngu Khehyong , Balasubramanian Balu 
Published: August 2010

AbstractInhibition of 3‐hydroxy‐3‐methylglutaryl coenzyme‐A reductase (HMGR) is an effective method of lowering plasma low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol levels. Hemi‐calcium (3R,5S,E)‐7‐(4‐(4‐fluorophenyl)‐6‐isopropyl‐2‐(methyl(1‐methyl‐1H‐1,2,4‐triazol‐5‐yl)amino)pyrimidin‐5‐yl)‐3,5‐dihydroxyhept‐6‐enoate (1) is a cholesterol‐lowering statin drug that effectively inhibits HMGR. An important step in the development of this compound was the synthesis of a carbon‐14‐labeled analog for use in preclinical absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion studies.The synthesis of a carbon‐14‐labeled analog of the cholesterol‐lowering statin drug 1 is described. The carbon‐14‐labeled compound [14C]‐1 was prepared in 11 steps from [14C]‐labeled urea. The overall radiochemical yield for the synthesis was 22% and the radiochemical purity of [14C]‐1 was 99.9% immediately after synthesis. It was found that [14C]‐1 with a specific activity of 43.2 µCi/mg decomposed at a rate of about 1.9%/month when stored at −78°C under argon. Three samples of [14C]‐1 were prepared to study the chemical stability of the molecule. One sample had a specific activity of 3.8 µCi/mg and the other two contained radical inhibitors, L‐ascorbic acid (1% by weight, specific activity of 10.5 µCi/mg) or BHT (1% by weight, specific activity of 9.8 µCi/mg). For these samples the decomposition rates were decreased to 0.5%/month, 0.2%/month and 0.1%/month, respectively. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.