bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
IMPLEMENTATION OF STATISTICAL PROCESS CONTROL (SPC) FOR MANUFACTURING PERFORMANCE IMPROVEMENT
Authors: Sultana Farzana , Razive Nahid Islam , Azeem Abdullahil 
Published: September 2009

This paper intends to combine the Hourly Data System (HDS) and Statistical Process Control (SPC) practices to improve manufacturing performances in manufacturing companies. The focus of this work is to find out the frequencies and time duration of machine breakdowns as well as the major causes of breakdowns affecting productivity. Total quality management (TQM) was introduced to improve continually the products or services to increase the customer satisfaction level. SPC is an important tool of TQM. Again HDS is the real time view of production floor of any manufacturing industry. In usual practice, SPC is used as quality control tool. However in this research SPC is used to increase total output identifying major loss times from various machine breakdowns using HDS. Successful implementation of the recommendations of this paper can significantly improve the manufacturing performance of a manufacturing environment. Keywords: Total Quality management (TQM), Statistical Process Control (SPC), Hourly Data System (HDS) doi: 10.3329/jme.v40i1.3466 Journal of Mechanical Engineering, Vol. ME40, No. 1, June 2009 15-21
THERMAL BUCKLING AND POSTBUCKLING CHARACTERISTICS OF EXTENSIONAL SLENDER ELASTIC RODS
Authors: Saha Sumon , Ali Abu Rayhan Md. 
Published: September 2009

This paper presents an exact mathematical model for the postbuckling of a uniformly heated slender rod with axially immovable simply supported ends on the basis of geometrically nonlinear theory of extensible rods. The material is assumed linear elastic and its thermal strain-temperature relationship is considered nonlinear. Two approaches have been used in this study. The first approach is based on the extensible elastica theory. The governing equations are derived and solved analytically for the exact closed form solutions that include the equilibrium configurations of the rod, equilibrium paths, and temperature gradients. The exact solutions take the form of elliptic integrals of the first and second kinds. In the second approach, the multisegment integration technique is employed to solve a set of nonlinear differential equations with the associated boundary conditions. The equations are integrated by using the Runge-Kutta algorithm. A comparison study between the analytical elliptic integral solutions and the numerical multisegment integration technique solutions show excellent agreement of results. Special features of the solutions in the form of determination of buckling temperature, effects of slenderness ratio and nonlinear strain-temperature coefficients on the buckling and postbuckling behavior as a function of temperature are also discussed extensively. Keywords: Thermal postbuckling, elliptic integral, multisegment integration, critical buckling temperature. doi: 10.3329/jme.v40i1.3467 Journal of Mechanical Engineering, Vol. ME40, No.1, June 2009 1-8
A REVIEW OF HAPTIC FEEDBACK IN VIRTUAL REALITY FOR MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY
Authors: Aziz Faieza Abdul , Mousavi Maryam 
Published: September 2009

This paper discusses the application of haptic feedback in Virtual Reality to enhance user performance in manufacturing industry. Haptic interfaces have the potential to enhance communication and interaction via the computer enabling affective expressive interpersonal communication and enriching interaction by haptic feedback. The aim of this study was to investigate and develop a better understanding of using haptic feedback in manufacturing. Keywords: Virtual Reality, haptic, manufacturing doi: 10.3329/jme.v40i1.3476 Journal of Mechanical Engineering, Vol. ME40, No. 1, June 2009 68-71
Cardiac Complications of Hyperthyroidism: Echocardiographic Evaluation of 69 Hyperthyroid Patients
Authors: Ansari SM , Haider S , Awal MA , Khanam N , Siddique AB 
Published: September 2009

Echocardiography were done on 69 patients suffering from hyperthyroidism. All of them presented with palpitation and tremor. Clinical diagnosis was confirmed by radioimmunoassay of thyroid hormones. Echocardiography as well as Electrocardiography and chest radiography were done in all of them. Forty seven patients showed different types of cardiac pathology, results of which are demonstrated in details. We conclude that thorough cardiac evaluation is necessary in all hyperthyroid patients. doi: 10.3329/taj.v17i1.3481 TAJ 2004; 17(1) : 6-9
Evaluation of Opinion about the Clinical Refresher Courses Conducted for the Teachers of Undergraduate Medical Institutes in Bangladesh
Authors: Talukder MHK , Chowdhury Fatema P , Shuvra MR 
Published: September 2009

This descriptive type of cross-sectional study was carried out among the faculty members of different government and non government medical colleges selected by simple random sampling from October 2003 to March 2004 using self-administered structured questionnaires - one for the participants and another for their Heads of the departments to evaluate the opinion about the clinical refresher course conducted for them which was organized by WHO & DGHS at the conference room of DGHS. Sample size was 237.From the participants perspectives study revealed that the contents of the refresher clinical course were adequate, 71 (38.6%) respondents strongly agreed that speakers of the workshop were competent, 11 (6.0%) respondents strongly agreed that supplied handouts were adequate but 52 (28.3%) strongly disagreed about it. 45 (24.5%) respondents strongly agreed that audio-visual aids were used adequately, 21(11.4%) disagreed and 4(2.2%) strongly disagreed about it. 47(25.5%) respondents strongly agreed that the duration of the workshop was adequate, 92(50.0%) also agreed but 29(15.8%) respondents disagreed with it. 84(45.7%) respondents strongly agreed that the environment of the workshop was good and 91 (49.5%) also agreed with it. 177 (96.2%) respondents asserted ‘yes'- that attending these workshops benefited them, 178 (96.7%) respondents asserted ‘yes - that such workshop is essential for them every year. Perspectives of departmental Heads study also revealed that out of 53 respondents 49(92.5%) agreed that the clinical refresher course conducted for the teachers of their departments has enriched their knowledge about the subject concerned but 4(7.5%) responded negatively. 35 (66.0%) respondents agreed that the conducted clinical refresher course for the teachers of their departments helped to develop their skill and 18(34.0%) respondents told that it did not help to develop skills of the teachers of their departments. Out of 53 respondents 49 (92.5%) mentioned that the clinical refresher course conducted for the teachers of their departments could make an attitudinal change among the teachers in their teaching for using updated knowledge and skill of the subject. 46(86.8%) respondents agreed that the clinical refresher course conducted for their teachers has helped to think about their continuing professional development (CPD) through continuing medical education (CME) but 7(13.2%) respondents replied negatively. It can be concluded that the evaluation of opinion about clinical refresher course conducted for the teachers of different medical institutes in Bangladesh was positive and inspiring. doi: 10.3329/taj.v17i1.3487 TAJ 2004; 17(1) : 31-37
Study on ABO & Rhesus Blood Groups in Rajshahi Medical College Hospital
Authors: Hossain MM , Ataturk SFM Khyirul , Ekram ARM Saifuddin , Kalam M Abul 
Published: September 2009

About fifty two thousand admitted patients in different wards & cabins of Rajshahi Medical College Hospital are grouped in the Transfusion Medicine Department for the purpose of blood transfusion during the period of July/ 1997 to June/2000. It is found that out of 51966 patients, 16928 (32.38%) are group B, 16704(32.15%) are group O 13005 (25.02%) are group A, & 5329 (10.25%) are group AB, Among those patients, 50141 (96.51%) are Rh D positive, 1828(3.49%) are negative. doi: 10.3329/taj.v17i1.3488 TAJ 2004; 17(1) : 38-40
Recurrent Malignant Fibrous Histiocytoma in the Left Parietal Region of Cranium: A Case Report
Authors: Rahman ML , Ali ASM Shawkat 
Published: September 2009

A male of 20 years of age presented with features of intracranial space occupying lesion of cranium involving the brain. He came with the history of previous surgery in the head one-year back. On operation, an osteolytic growth from the skull bone invading the meninges and brain parenchyma. Who found Histopathological report revealed malignant fibrous histiocytoma. doi: 10.3329/taj.v17i1.3492 TAJ 2004; 17(1) : 55-56
Effect of surface modifying macromolecules stoichiometric ratio on composite hydrophobic/hydrophilic membranes characteristics and performance in direct contact membrane distillation
Authors: Qtaishat M. , Rana D. , Matsuura T. , Khayet M. 
Published: September 2009

AbstractThe stoichiometric ratio for the synthesis components of hydrophobic new surface modifying macromolecules (nSMM) was altered systematically to produce three different types of nSMMs, which are called hereafter nSMM1, nSMM2, and nSMM3. The newly synthesized SMMs were characterized for fluorine content, average molecular weight, and glass transition temperature. The results showed that fluorine content decreased with increasing the ratio of α,ω‐aminopropyl poly(dimethyl siloxane) to 4,4′‐methylene bis(phenyl isocyanate). The synthesized nSMMs were blended into hydrophilic polyetherimide (PEI) host polymer to form porous hydrophobic/hydrophilic composite membranes by the phase inversion method. The prepared membranes were characterized by the contact angle measurement, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, gas permeation test, measurement of liquid entry pressure of water, and scanning electron microscopy. Finally, these membranes were tested for desalination by direct contact membrane distillation and the results were compared with those of commercial polytetraflouroethylene membrane. The effects of the nSMM type on the membrane morphology were identified, which enabled us to link the membrane morphology to the membrane performance. It was found that the nSMM2/PEI membrane yielded the best performance among the tested membranes. In particular, it should be emphasized that the above membrane was superior to the commercial one. © 2009 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2009
Two‐phase flow behavior in microtube reactors during biodiesel production from waste cooking oil
Authors: Guan Guoqing , Teshima Marion , Sato Chie , Mo Son Sung , Faisal Irfan Muhammad , Kusakabe Katsuki , Ikeda Norihiro , Lin Tsao‐Jin 
Published: September 2009

AbstractFlow patterns in the course of transesterification of waste cooking oil (WCO), sunflower oil (SFO) with water and/or oleic acid as a model of WCO, and pure SFO in the presence of a KOH catalyst in microtubes were investigated. FAME yield for the transesterification of WCO reached more than 89% in the microtube reactors with a residence time of 252 s at 333 K. The flow patterns when using WCO were changed from a liquid–liquid slug flow at the inlet region to a parallel flow at the middle region, and then to a homogeneous liquid flow at the outlet region as the reaction proceeded at 333 K. Fine droplets containing glycerol and methanol generally formed in oil slugs when using pure SFO, but were almost unobservable when using WCO. The soap produced from free fatty acids was considered to be the main factor affecting the flow patterns of WCO and SFO. © 2009 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2010
Graphen, das neue zweidimensionale Nanomaterial
Authors: Rao C. N. R. , Sood A. K. , Subrahmanyam K. S. , Govindaraj A. 
Published: September 2009

AbstractAlle paar Jahre werden neue Stoffklassen mit einzigartigen und faszinierenden Eigenschaften entdeckt. Beispiele aus der jüngeren Vergangenheit sind Hochtemperatur‐Supraleiter und Nanoröhren aus Kohlenstoff. Die jüngste dieser spektakulären Entdeckungen ist Graphen. Graphen weist ungewöhnliche Eigenschaften wie einen halbzahligen Quanten‐Hall‐Effekt und eine ballistische Elektronenbewegung auf. Graphen ist ein zweidimensionaler Stoff und die Stammverbindung aller graphitischen Kohlenstoff‐Formen. Graphen besteht in Reinform nur aus Monoschichten, es gibt aber auch beträchtliches Interesse an Graphen‐Doppel‐ und ‐Mehrfachschichten. Die Synthese und Charakterisierung von Graphenen ist schwierig, in jüngster Zeit sind hier aber große Fortschritte erzielt worden. Wir berichten hier über den aktuellen Stand der Graphenforschung einschließlich Synthese, Charakterisierung, Struktur und Eigenschaften.
Recombinant shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) trypsinogen production in Pichia pastoris
Authors: Guerrero‐Olazarán Martha , Escamilla‐Treviño Luis L. , Castillo‐Galván Mauricio , Gallegos‐López Juan A. , Viader‐Salvadó José M. 
Published: September 2009

AbstractShrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) trypsinogen has never been isolated from its natural source. To assess the production of L. vannamei trypsinogen, we engineered Pichia pastoris strains and evaluated two culture approaches with three induction culture media, to produce recombinant shrimp trypsinogen for the first time. The trypsinogen II cDNA was fused to the signal sequence of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae alpha mating factor, placed under the control of the P. pastoris AOX1 promoter, and integrated into the genome of P. pastoris host strain GS115. Using standard culture conditions for heterologous gene induction of a GS115 strain in shake flasks, recombinant shrimp trypsinogen was not detected by SDS‐PAGE and Western blot analysis. Growth kinetics revealed a toxicity of recombinant shrimp trypsinogen or its activated form over the cell host. Thus, a different culture approach was tested for the induction step, involving the use of high cell density cultures, a higher frequency of methanol feeding (every 12 h), and a buffered minimal methanol medium supplemented with sorbitol or alanine; alanine supplemented medium was found to be more efficient. After 96 h of induction with alanine supplemented medium, a 29‐kDa band from the cell‐free culture medium was clearly observed by SDS‐PAGE, and confirmed by Western blot to be shrimp trypsinogen, at a concentration of 14 μg/mL. Our results demonstrate that high density cell cultures with alanine in the induction medium allow the production of recombinant shrimp trypsinogen using the P. pastoris expression system, because of improved cell viability and greater stability of the recombinant trypsinogen. © 2009 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Biotechnol. Prog., 2009
Association of cholesteryl ester transfer protein −629C > A polymorphism with high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol levels in coronary artery disease patients
Authors: Tanrikulu Sevda , Ademoglu Evin , Gurdol Figen , Mutlu‐Turkoglu Umit , Bilge Ahmet Kaya , Nisanci Yilmaz 
Published: September 2009

AbstractIn Turkish population, plasma HDL‐C levels were found to be lower than in any other country and it is suggested that this is associated with genetic origin. The cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) −629C > A polymorphism is associated with lower plasma CETP concentration, with increased HDL‐C level. In the present study, the frequency of −629C > A polymorphism in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) was investigated and the effect of genotype on HDL‐C was evaluated in a Turkish population. For this aim CETP −629C > A polymorphism was studied in angiographically documented CAD patients and healthy controls.There was no statistical significance in the distribution of genotypes between patients and controls. Although A allele carriers with CAD had significantly lower HDL‐C levels than controls, plasma lipid levels showed no difference according to the genotypes. Adjustment by a logistic regression model predicting CAD status through HDL‐C and including some risk factors as covariate indicated that the HDL‐C doesn't have a significant association with CAD risk in CA and AA genotype carriers. Smoking, gender and hypertension were the common predictors for the HDL‐C levels in CA and AA carriers. Although HDL‐C appeared to be the only significant predictor of CAD in our study groups, the contribution of CETP −629C > A polymorphism to the alterations in HDL‐C level appears to be weak to mention a protective effect of this polymorphism for CAD. In conclusion, the findings of the present study indicate that the CETP −629C > A polymorphism is not among the determinants of the coronary artery disease in Turks. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Design of Simulated Moving Bed Plants by Using Noncompetitive Langmuir Isotherms
Authors: Fütterer M. 
Published: September 2009

AbstractThe simulated moving bed process is increasingly used for the separation of binary mixtures. To ensure proper operation, the volumetric flow rates and the time interval must be exactly adjusted. This study presents a general method for determining the control variables for a dispersion‐free SMB process. For noncompetitive Langmuir isotherms, explicit equations are derived for the case of complete separation. The proposed method allows both a good estimation of the time trajectories of the concentrations at the drains and the design of new applications for optimization and control of SMB plants.
Average Crossflow Velocity in Laminar Flow Systems with Periodic Finned Surfaces
Authors: Olayiwola B. O. , Schaldach G. , Walzel P. 
Published: September 2009

AbstractExperimental and CFD studies of the enhanced average crossflow velocity in a laminar flow system were performed. The experiments were carried out using working fluid with a kinematic viscosity of 1.8·10–6 m2/s. A steady flow Reynolds number in the laminar range of 0 < Re < 400 and oscillation Reynolds number in the range 0 < Reosc < 1000 were studied. The range of oscillation amplitude and frequency were 0.2 mm < A < 1.0 mm and 5 Hz < f < 90 Hz respectively. Three experimental configurations were studied, i.e., oscillating finned surface in a fluid at rest, which is similar to a batch configuration, steady finned flow and oscillating finned flow configurations. The acquired images were analyzed using particle image velocimetry (PIV) software. The study is also supported by CFD simulations using the software suit CFX 11.0 from ANSYS GmbH, Germany. The results of the flow visualization and PIV analyses reveal the formation of periodic vortices and increased transverse transport. The maximum enhancement of the average crossflow velocity was obtained at κ = 3. The oscillation parameters and shape of the fins have a significant influence on the flow patterns and the crossflow effects. A triangular finned geometry gives better performance considering the enhanced average crossflow velocity. In general, efficient fluid mixing is possible due to the complex flow structures generated.
PI(4,5)P2 Degradation Promotes the Formation of Cytoskeleton‐Free Model Membrane Systems
Authors: Keller Heiko , Lorizate Maier , Schwille Petra 
Published: September 2009

AbstractGiant plasma membrane vesicles (GPMVs) are cell‐derived model membrane systems that undergo large‐scale lipid phase separation when cooled below room temperature. Because of their presumably more physiological lipid composition, they are increasingly used as alternatives to synthetic model membranes. However, the exact mechanism of GPMV formation, and thus, effects of this process on the physiological integrity of the membrane are still unclear. Herein, we identify the key steps of GPMV formation and characterize their differences with respect to the plasma membrane of intact cells. Addition of GPMV‐inducing reagents triggers a steady Ca2+ influx that is accompanied by phosphatidylinositol 4,5‐bisphosphate [PI(4,5)P2] degradation and phosphatidyl serine (PS) externalization before detachment of the cytoskeleton and the onset of vesicle formation. When comparing GPMVs to other cell‐derived model systems, PI(4,5)P2 is not detectable in phase‐separating plasma membrane spheres (PMSs) either, but is present in non‐phase‐separating blebs. GPMVs differ from the physiological state of the plasma membrane in the presence of specific lipids, which limits their use as model systems. Furthermore, we propose that PI(4,5)P2 influences the phase‐separation behavior.
Design of the QoS framework for the IEEE 802.16 mesh networks
Authors: Yang Chun‐Chuan , Mai Yi‐Ting , Tsai Liang‐Chi 
Published: September 2009

AbstractIEEE 802.16 (WiMax) technology is designed to support broadband speeds over wireless networks for the coming era of broadband wireless access (BWA). IEEE 802.16 is expected to provide transmission of high‐rate and high‐volume multimedia data streams for fixed and mobile applications. As an extension of point‐to‐multipoint (PMP) configuration, the IEEE 802.16 mesh mode provides a quicker and more flexible approach for network deployment. Multimedia networking requires quality‐of‐service (QoS) support, which demands elaborate mechanisms in addition to the four service types defined in the specification. By examining standard centralized and distributed scheduling/routing schemes in the mesh mode from QoS aspect, a BS‐controlled and delay‐sensitive scheduling/routing scheme is proposed in the paper. Associate mechanisms including admission control, flow setup and link state monitoring are also proposed. Integration of the proposed mechanisms is presented as a complete QoS framework. Simulation study has demonstrated that the average delay as well as the delay jitters per hop in the proposed scheme is smaller than that of the distributed scheme and much smaller than that of the centralized scheme. Furthermore, proposed mechanisms can also achieve higher throughput than the contrasts and generate much smaller signaling overhead, making the proposed framework a promising scheme for multimedia support in the IEEE 802.16 mesh network. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Assessing the impact of riparian processes on streambank stability
Authors: Langendoen Eddy J. , Richard Lowrance R. , Simon Andrew 
Published: September 2009

AbstractThe series of biennial United States (US) National Water Quality Inventory surveys shows no reduction in the percentage of degraded miles of streams since the early 1990s despite an exponential increase in river restoration projects to improve water quality, enhance in‐stream habitat and manage the riparian zone. This may suggest that many river restoration projects fail to achieve their objectives. This is partly due to a lack of understanding of the dynamics of the degraded riverine system and its interaction with the riparian zone. These projects could, therefore, benefit from using proven models of stream and riparian processes to guide restoration design and to evaluate indicators of ecological integrity. The US Department of Agriculture has developed two such models: the channel evolution computer model CONCEPTS and the riparian ecosystem model REMM. These models have been integrated to evaluate the impact of edge‐of‐field and riparian conservation measures on stream morphology and water quality. Vegetative riparian conservation measures are commonly used to stabilize failing streambanks. The shear strength of bank soils is greatly affected by the degree of saturation of the soils and root reinforcement provided by riparian vegetation. The integrated model was used to study the effectiveness of woody and herbaceous riparian buffers in controlling streambank erosion of an incised stream in northern Mississippi. Comparison of model results with observations showed that pore‐water pressures are accurately predicted in the upper part of the streambank, away from the groundwater table. Simulated pore‐water pressures deviate from those observed lower in the streambank near the phreatic surface. These discrepancies are mainly caused by differences in the simulated location of the phreatic surface and simulated evapotranspiration in case of the woody buffer. The modelling exercise further showed that a coarse rooting system, e.g. as provided by trees, significantly reduced bank erosion rates for this deeply incised stream. Published in 2009 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.