bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intravenous nitroglycerin for controlled cord traction in the management of retained placenta
Authors: Visalyaputra Shusee , Prechapanich Japarath , Suwanvichai Sukanya , Yimyam Suwimol , Permpolprasert Ladda , Suksopee Pattipa 
Published: December 2010

AbstractObjectiveTo determine the effect of 200 μg of intravenous nitroglycerin in the release of retained placenta by controlled cord traction.MethodsIn this randomized controlled study, 40 women with a placenta retained for 30 minutes received intravenously 200 μg of nitroglycerin or a normal saline solution before umbilical cord traction was initiated. The rates of successful removal of the retained placenta in the study (n = 20) and control (n = 20) groups were compared, as were blood pressure, pulse rate, blood loss, and adverse effects.ResultsThe placenta was released in only 15% and 20% of the participants in the study and control group, respectively. The remainder of the participants required general anesthesia and manual removal of the retained placenta regardless of group assignation. Blood pressure fell in significantly more women in the study group, but there were no differences in estimated blood loss or minor adverse effects.ConclusionIntravenously administered nitroglycerin did not facilitate the release of retained placenta by umbilical cord traction. However, cord traction may be performed longer than 30 minutes to attempt releasing the placenta before operative manual removal is initiated.
Palaeoenvironmental forcing during the Middle–Upper Palaeolithic transition in central-western Portugal
Authors: Aubry Thierry , Dimuccio Luca A. , Almeida Miguel , Neves Maria J. , Angelucci Diego E. , Cunha Lúcio 
Published: December 2010

AbstractGeoarchaeological analysis of the Middle and Upper Palaeolithic record preserved in cave, rock-shelter and open-air sites in the northern sector of the Meso-Cenozoic of the Western Iberian Peninsula margin (Portugal) reveals several disconformities (erosive unconformities), hiatuses and surface stabilization phases. A recurrent disconformity, dated to ca. 29,500–32,000 cal yr BP, in the time range of Heinrich event 3, must correspond to a main erosive event related to the impacts of climate change on the landscape, including a reduction in vegetation cover and altered precipitation patterns, with the consequent accelerated down-cutting by stream systems, slope reactivation and endokarstic reorganisation, causing the erosion of sediments and soils accumulated in cave, rock-shelter and open-air sites. These processes create a preservation bias that may explain why Early Upper Palaeolithic finds in primary deposition context remains exceptional in the carbonate areas of central-western Portugal, and possibly elsewhere in the other places of Iberia. The impact of such site formation processes must therefore be duly considered in interpretations of the current patchy and scarce archaeological record of the Middle-Upper Palaeolithic transition in south-western Iberia.
The use of a wireless motility device (SmartPill®) for the measurement of gastrointestinal transit time after a dietary fibre intervention
Authors: Timm Derek , Willis Holly , Thomas William , Sanders Lisa , Boileau Thomas , Slavin Joanne 
Published: December 2010

Historically, measurement of gastrointestinal transit time has required collection and X-raying of faecal samples for up to 7 d after swallowing radio-opaque markers; a tedious, labour-intensive technique for both subjects and investigators. Recently, a wireless motility capsule (SmartPill®), which uses gut pH, pressure and temperature to measure transit time, has been developed. This device, however, has not been validated with dietary interventions. Therefore, we conducted a controlled cross-over trial to determine whether the device could detect a significant difference in transit time after ten healthy subjects (five men and five women) consumed 9 g of wheat bran (WB) or an equal volume, low-fibre control for 3 d. A pairedttest was used to determine differences in transit times. Colonic transit time decreased by 10·8 (sd6·6) h (P = 0·006) on the WB treatment. Whole-gut transit time also decreased by 8·9 (sd5·4) h (P = 0·02) after the consumption of WB. Gastric emptying time and small-bowel transit time did not differ between treatments. Despite encouraging results, the present study had several limitations including short duration, lack of randomisation and unusable data due to delayed gastric emptying of the capsule. With minimal participant burden, the SmartPill technology appears to be a potentially useful tool for assessing transit time after a dietary intervention. This technology could be considered for digestive studies with novel fibres and other ingredients that are promoted for gut health.
EIGENVALUE ESTIMATES FOR QUADRATIC POLYNOMIAL OPERATOR OF THE LAPLACIAN
Authors: HEJUN SUN , XUERONG QI 
Published: December 2010

AbstractFor a bounded domain Ω in a complete Riemannian manifold M, we investigate the Dirichlet weighted eigenvalue problem of quadratic polynomial operator Δ2 − aΔ + b of the Laplacian Δ, where a and b are the nonnegative constants. We obtain an inequality for eigenvalues which contains a constant that only depends on the mean curvature of M. It yields an upper bound of the (k + 1)th eigenvalue Λk + 1. As their applications, some inequalities and bounds of eigenvalues on a complete minimal submanifold in a Euclidean space and a unit sphere are obtained.
VECTOR MEASURES OF BOUNDED SEMIVARIATION AND ASSOCIATED CONVOLUTION OPERATORS
Authors: SAAB PAULETTE , ROBDERA MANGATIANA A. 
Published: December 2010

AbstractLet G be a compact metrizable abelian group, and let X be a Banach space. We characterize convolution operators associated with a regular Borel X-valued measure of bounded semivariation that are compact (resp; weakly compact) from L1(G), the space of integrable functions on G into L1(G) X, the injective tensor product of L1(G) and X. Along the way we prove a Fourier Convergence theorem for vector measures of relatively compact range that are absolutely continuous with respect to the Haar measure.
REAL HYPERSURFACES WITH φ-INVARIANT SHAPE OPERATOR IN A COMPLEX PROJECTIVE SPACE
Authors: MAEDA SADAHIRO , NAITOH HIROO 
Published: December 2010

AbstractWe characterize real hypersurfaces of type (A) and ruled real hypersurfaces in a complex projective space in terms of two φ-invariances of their shape operators, and give geometric meanings of these real hypersurfaces by observing their some geodesics.
THREE POSITIVE PERIODIC SOLUTIONS FOR DYNAMIC EQUATIONS WITH PIECEWISE CONSTANT ARGUMENT AND IMPULSE ON TIME SCALES
Authors: LI YONGKUN , XU ERLIANG 
Published: December 2010

AbstractIn this paper, by using the Leggett–Williams fixed point theorem, the existence of three positive periodic solutions for differential equations with piecewise constant argument and impulse on time scales is investigated. Some easily verifiable sufficient criteria are established. Finally, an example is given to illustrate the results.
Effects of high temperature after anthesis on starch granules in grains of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)
Authors: LIU P. , GUO W. , JIANG Z. , PU H. , FENG C. , ZHU X. , PENG Y. , KUANG A. , LITTLE C. R. 
Published: December 2010

SUMMARYThe effect of high temperatures (above 25°C) on starch concentration and the morphology of starch granules in the grains of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) were studied. Wheat plants of cultivars Yangmai 9 (weak-gluten) and Yangmai 12 (medium-gluten) were treated with high temperatures for 3 days at different times after anthesis. The results showed that the starch concentration of grains given a heat-shock treatment above 30°C were lower than those developing at normal temperature in both cultivars. High temperature lowered starch concentration due to the decrease of amylopectin. Under the same temperature, the effect of heat shock from 6 to 8 days after anthesis (DAA) was the greatest, whereas from 36 to 38 DAA the effect was the least. The effects of high temperatures after anthesis on starch-pasting properties were similar to those on starch concentration, especially after 35–40°C treatments. The size, shape and structure of starch granules in wheat grains (determined by electron microscopy) after heat shock were visibly different from the control. When given heat shock during development, the starch granules in mature wheat grains were ellipsoid in shape and bound loosely with a protein sheath in Yangmai 9, while they were damaged and compressed with fissures in Yangmai 12, indicating the differences in resistance to high temperature between cultivars. Ratios of large (type-A) and small (type-B) starch granules significantly decreased under heat shock, which limited the potential sink size for dry matter deposition in the grain.
Evaluation of a double centrifugation technique for the detection ofAnoplocephalaeggs in horse faeces
Authors: Rehbein S. , Lindner T. , Visser M. , Winter R. 
Published: December 2010

AbstractFaecal samples of 250 horses from farms with a known history of tapeworm infection were examined comparatively for cestode eggs using a double centrifugation/combined sedimentation–floatation technique. From each faecal sample, three 5 g and three 15 g subsamples were processed, each using either saturated NaCl solution, specific gravity (sp. g.) 1.2 [NaCl]; concentrated sugar solution, sp. g. 1.26 [sugar]; or concentrated ZnSO4solution, sp. g. 1.3 [ZnSO4] for floatation. In total, faeces from 187 horses ( = 74.8%) tested ‘positive’ forAnoplocephalaeggs. Percentages of samples testing ‘positive’ forAnoplocephalaova were: 57.2% for 5 g faeces/NaCl, 66% for 15 g faeces/NaCl, 66% for 5 g faeces/sugar, 72.8% for 15 g faeces/sugar, 55.6% for 5 g faeces/ZnSO4, and 61.2% for 15 g faeces/ZnSO4, respectively. Processing of 15 g faecal samples resulted in a significant (P < 0.05; McNemar's χ2-test) increase in the percentage ofAnoplocephalaegg detection compared to processing of 5 g samples for all floatation solutions. By processing 15 g faecal samples using sugar solution for floatation, 97.3% of all samples that tested ‘positive’ forAnoplocephalaeggs were identified; there was no significant difference between the rate of samples that tested ‘positive’ using 15 g faeces/sugar (72.8%) and the total rate of samples that tested ‘positive’ (74.8%). Conversely, percentages of ‘positive’ samples from other test combinations were significantly (P < 0.0001, McNemar's χ2-test) lower than the total rate of samples testing ‘positive’. Processing faecal samples using sugar solution for floatation gave significantly (P < 0.05, Wilcoxon test) higherAnoplocephalaegg counts than using NaCl and ZnSO4solutions, for both 5 g and 15 g faecal samples. The double centrifugation technique using 15 g faecal samples and concentrated sugar solution for floatation appeared to offer an advantage for the detection ofAnoplocephalaeggs in horse faeces compared to the other test combinations.
Unbounded delay stochastic functional Kolmogorov-type system
Authors: Wu Fuke 
Published: December 2010

In general, population systems are often subject to environmental noise. To examine whether the presence of such noise affects these systems significantly, we perturb the functional Kolmogorov-type systeminto the stochastic functional differential equationWe show that different environmental noise structures have different effects on the population system with unbounded delay. Under two classes of different environmental noise perturbations, we establish existence theorems of the global positive solution to the unbounded delay stochastic functional Kolmogorov-type system. As the desired results for population dynamics, we also examine asymptotic boundedness, including the moment boundedness, stochastically ultimate boundedness and the moment average boundedness in time. To illustrate our idea more clearly, as a special case we also discuss a Lotka–Volterra system with unbounded delay.
On the van der Waals–Cahn–Hilliard phase-field model and its equilibria conditions in the sharp interface limit
Authors: Dreyer Wolfgang , Kraus Christiane 
Published: December 2010

We study the thermodynamic consistency of phase-field models, which include gradient terms of the density ρ in the free-energy functional such as the van der Waals–Cahn–Hilliard model. It is well known that the entropy inequality admits gradient and higher-order gradient terms of ρ in the free energy only if either the energy flux or the entropy flux is represented by a non-classical form. We identify a non-classical entropy flux, which is not restricted to isothermal processes, so that gradient contributions are possible.We then investigate equilibrium conditions for the van der Waals–Cahn–Hilliard phase-field model in the sharp interface limit. For a single substance thermodynamics provides two jump conditions at the sharp interface, namely the continuity of the Gibbs free energies of the adjacent phases and the discontinuity of the corresponding pressures, which is balanced by the mean curvature. We show that these conditions can be also extracted from the van der Waals–Cahn–Hilliard phase-field model in the sharp interface limit. To this end we prove an asymptotic expansion of the density up to the first order. The results are based on local energy estimates and uniform convergence results for the density.
Existence, multiplicity and non-existence of positive solutions for two-point boundary-value problems with strong singularity
Authors: Kim Chan-Gyun 
Published: December 2010

We study the existence, multiplicity and non-existence of positive solutions for the singular two-point boundary-value problemswhere $\varphi_{p}(s)=|s|^{p-2}s$, $p>1$, λ is a non-negative real parameter and f ∈ C((0, 1) × [0,∞), (0,∞)). Here, f(t, u) may be singular at t = 0 and/or 1. To obtain the main results we use the global continuation theorem and fixed-point index theory.
The role of strigolactones in host specificity ofOrobancheandPhelipancheseed germination
Authors: Fernández-Aparicio Mónica , Yoneyama Koichi , Rubiales Diego 
Published: December 2010

AbstractStrigolactones are apocarotenoids regulating shoot branching. They are also known to be exuded by plant roots at very low concentrations, stimulating hyphal branching of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and germination of root parasitic weed seeds. We show that strigolactones play a major role in host specificity ofOrobancheandPhelipanche(the broomrapes) seed germination. This observation confirms that host-derived germination stimulants are an important component determining the host specificity of these parasitic plants. Weedy broomrape species were less specialized in germination requirements than the non-weedy species except forO. cumanaandO. foetidavar.broteri. Similar results were obtained with the root exudates. Some species, such asP. aegyptiacaandO. minor, showed a broad spectrum of host specificity in terms of seed germination, which was stimulated by exudates from the majority of species tested, whereas others, such asO. cumana,O. hederaeandO. densiflora, were highly specific. Some species, such asO. minor,P. aegyptiacaandP. nana, were responsive to the three strigolactones studied, whereas others were induced by only one of them, or did not respond to them at all. The synthetic strigolactone analogue GR24, generally used as a standard for germination tests, was not effective on someOrobancheandPhelipanchespecies. Seeds of some species that did not respond to GR24 were induced to germinate in the presence of fabacyl acetate or strigol, confirming the role of strigolactones in host specificity.
Complete atrioventricular block and reversible systolic dysfunction in left ventricular hypertrabeculation/non-compaction with metabolic myopathy
Authors: Stöllberger Claudia , Finsterer Josef , Sodeck Gottfried H. , Weidinger Franz 
Published: December 2010

AbstractA 32-year-old female patient presented with cardiac failure because of systolic dysfunction. Five years before, a DDD pacemaker had been implanted because of complete atrioventricular block. Echocardiographic examination disclosed left ventricular hypertrabeculation/non-compaction. Because of sinus tachycardia, ivabradine was started and the patient’s left ventricular function returned to normal within 4 months. Recurrent creatine-kinase elevation and reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide staining on muscle biopsy suggested metabolic myopathy.
Anomalous aortic origin of a coronary artery in siblings with Marfan syndrome
Authors: Brothers Julie A. , Harris Matthew A. , Paridon Stephen M. 
Published: December 2010

AbstractWe report a case of two brothers with Marfan syndrome and coexistent anomalous aortic origin of a coronary artery from the wrong sinus of Valsalva. To our knowledge, this is the first ever report of siblings with Marfan syndrome who also have anomalous aortic origin of a coronary artery. The treatment and management options in the context of sudden death risk are discussed.
Effects of “Diagnosis Threat” on Cognitive and Affective Functioning Long After Mild Head Injury
Authors: Ozen Lana J. , Fernandes Myra A. 
Published: December 2010

AbstractPersistent cognitive complaints are common following a mild head injury (MHI), but deficits are rarely detected on neuropsychological tests. Our objective was to examine the effect of symptom expectation on self-report and cognitive performance measures in MHI individuals. Prior research suggests that when MHI participants are informed they may experience cognitive difficulties, they perform worse on neuropsychological tests compared to MHI participants who are uninformed. In this study, undergraduate students with and without a prior MHI were either informed that the study's purpose was to investigate the effects of MHI on cognitive functioning (“diagnosis threat” condition) or merely informed that their cognitive functioning was being examined, with no mention of status (“neutral” condition). “Diagnosis threat” MHIs self-reported more attention failures compared to “diagnosis threat” controls and “neutral” MHIs, and more memory failures compared to “diagnosis threat” controls. In the “neutral” condition, MHIs reported higher anxiety levels compared to controls and compared to “diagnosis threat” MHIs. Regardless of condition, MHIs performed worse on only one neuropsychological test of attention span. “Diagnosis threat” may contribute to the prevalence and persistence of cognitive complaints made by MHI individuals found in the literature, but may not have as strong of an effect on neuropsychological measures. (JINS, 2011, 17, 219–229)
An experimental study on the effects of exposure to magazine advertising on children's food choices
Authors: Jones Sandra C , Kervin Lisa 
Published: December 2010

AbstractObjectiveThe present study sought to determine the feasibility of an experimental research design to investigate the effects of exposure to magazine advertising on children's food choices.DesignChildren were randomized to read either a magazine with food advertisements or a magazine with no food advertisements. They then chose two food items from the intervention ‘store’ to eat after the session. Data were also collected on attitudes to advertising and snack food preferences. Finally, participants’ parents were provided with a self-completion survey on food choices and other variables (n24).SettingThree vacation care centres in regional New South Wales, Australia.SubjectsChildren aged 5–12 years (n47).ResultsChildren in the experimental condition were more likely to choose advertised foods than those in the control group. Interestingly, the majority reported taste and healthiness as the most important factors in snack food choices; however, when faced with the actual food choice, they predominantly chose unhealthy foods (eighty-two unhealthy and only twelve healthy items were chosen).ConclusionsThis was the first study to assess the effects on children of exposure to food advertising within the context of reading a child-targeted magazine. Importantly, even with the small sample size and venue limitations, we found that exposure to magazine advertising influenced food choices. Children's magazines are an under-researched and poorly regulated medium, with considerable potential to influence children's food choices. The present study shows that the methodology is feasible, and future studies could replicate this with larger samples.
Policy Change under Devolution: The Prism of Children's Policy
Authors: Kay E. , Tisdall M. , Hill Malcolm 
Published: December 2010

Children's policy has emerged from the shadows of family and education policy over the last decade throughout the UK. The decade has also seen political and policy transformation, with the change of government from Conservatives to New Labour in 1997 and the latter's delivery on its promise of devolved administrations. Devolution has accompanied claims and attempts to move from ‘government to governance’, to recognise and support partnerships and encourage greater civic engagement.Scottish children's policy is a prism to review key questions of devolution and its impact on policy change. The article traces and considers policy trends, to conclude that distinctive government structures have interacted with other influences to shape change, allowing more and ‘new’ room for community interests, political parties and distinctive policies.
Getting Ahead of the Joneses: When Equality Increases Conspicuous Consumption among Bottom-Tier Consumers
Authors: Ordabayeva Nailya , Chandon Pierre 
Published: December 2010

Abstract
It is widely believed that increasing the equality of material possessions or income in a social group should lead people at the bottom of the distribution to consume less and save more. However, this prediction and its causal mechanism have never been studied experimentally. Five studies show that greater equality increases the satisfaction of those in the lowest tier of the distribution because it reduces the possession gap between what they have and what others have. However, greater equality also increases the position gains derived from status-enhancing consumption, since it allows low-tier consumers to get ahead of the higher proportion of consumers clustered in the middle tiers. As a result, greater equality reduces consumption when consumers focus on the narrower possession gap, but it increases consumption when they focus on the greater position gains (i.e., when consumption is conspicuous, social competition goals are primed, and the environment is competitive).
The Arabidopsis Cell Cycle F-Box Protein SKP2A Binds to Auxin
Authors: Jurado Silvia , Abraham Zamira , Manzano Concepción , López-Torrejón Gema , Pacios Luis F. , Del Pozo Juan C. 
Published: December 2010

Abstract
Arabidopsis thaliana S-Phase Kinase-Associated Protein 2A (SKP2A) is an F-box protein that regulates the proteolysis of cell cycle transcription factors. The plant hormone auxin regulates multiple aspects of plant growth and development, including cell division. We found that auxin induces the ubiquitin-dependent degradation of SKP2A both in vivo and in vitro, suggesting that this hormone acts as a signal to trigger SKP2A proteolysis. In this article, we show that auxin binds directly and specifically to SKP2A. By TIR1-based superposition and docking analyzes, we identified an auxin binding site in SKP2A. Mutations in this binding site reduce the ability of SKP2A to bind to auxin and generate nondegradable SKP2A forms. In addition, these non-auxin binding proteins are unable to promote E2FC/DPB degradation in vivo or to induce cell division in the root meristem. Auxin binds to TIR1 to promote its interaction with the auxin/indole-3-acetic acid target proteins. Here, we show that auxin also enhanced the interaction between SKP2A and DPB. Finally, a mutation in SKP2A leads to auxin-resistant root growth, an effect that is additive with the tir1-1 phenotype. Thus, our data indicate that SKP2A is an auxin binding protein that connects auxin signaling with cell division.