bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gender‐Related Differences in Coronary Artery Dimensions: A Volumetric Analysis
Authors: Dickerson Jennifer A. , Nagaraja Haikady N. , Raman Subha V. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractBackgroundWomen consistently have poorer revascularization outcomes and more coronary vascular complications compared to men. This has been attributed to smaller coronary arteries, though limited data exist to support this assumption.HypothesisBy using volumetric data obtained from multidetector cardiovascular computed tomography (CCT), we sought to determine to what extent gender influences coronary artery dimensions and test the hypothesis that women would have smaller coronary dimensions even after normalizing for body surface area and cardiac mass.MethodsCCT examinations completed on a 64‐slice scanner were identified from a university cardiovascular database. Data sets from 50 women and 44 men without coronary artery disease were selected for analysis. Cross‐sectional areas of proximal and distal segments of the left anterior descending (LAD), circumflex (LCx), and right coronary artery (RCA) were measured, blinded to patient gender. Measurements were compared using 2‐sample t tests and linear regression analysis techniques accounting for body surface area (BSA) and left ventricular (LV) mass.ResultsAnalysis of cross‐sectional coronary artery areas, unadjusted for BSA and LV mass showed smaller coronary artery size in women compared to men in the proximal portion of both the LAD (P = .01) and RCA (P = .002), but no significant difference in the remaining coronary segments.ConclusionGender significantly impacts proximal LAD and RCA size. Differences in coronary artery dimensions may explain some, but not all excess gender‐related risk with coronary artery revascularization, underscoring the importance of considering multiple contributing factors. Copyright © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Epidemiological Association between Uric Acid Concentration in Plasma, Lipoprotein(a), and the Traditional Lipid Profile
Authors: Lippi Giuseppe , Montagnana Martina , Luca Salvagno Gian , Targher Giovanni , Cesare Guidi Gian 
Published: December 2009

AbstractBackgroundElevated levels of uric acid in serum (SUA) or plasma (PUA) are increasingly related to cardiovascular disease. It is unclear whether they are independent risk factors or simply markers, reflecting association with other traditional risk factors.MethodsWe retrospectively assessed results of a lipid profile, including total cholesterol, low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL‐C), high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL‐C), triglycerides, total cholesterol to HDL‐C ratio (TC/HDL‐C), the atherogenic index of plasma (AIP), and lipoprotein(a) (Lp[a]), in a large cohort of unselected adult outpatients.ResultsHyperuricemic men displayed significantly increased values of triglycerides and AIP when compared with men with normal PUA levels. In hyperuricemic women, significant differences were observed for HDL‐C, triglycerides, TC/HDL‐C, and AIP compared with women with normal PUA levels. The percentage of patients with unfavorable values was statistically higher for triglycerides and AIP in hyperuricemic men; for HDL‐C, triglycerides, TC/HDL‐C, and AIP in hyperuricemic women. In multivariable linear regression analysis triglycerides, AIP, and TC/HDL‐C were independently associated with PUA in women, whereas no significant association was observed in men.ConclusionPUA measurement might be advisable in patients to identify those at increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) who might benefit from further triage and intervention. Copyright © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Irreversible End‐stage Heart Failure in a Young Patient due to Severe Chronic Hypocalcemia Associated with Primary Hypoparathyroidism and Celiac Disease
Authors: Mavroudis Konstantinos , Aloumanis Kyriakos , Stamatis Panagiotis , Antonakoudis George , Kifnidis Konstantinos , Antonakoudis Chariton 
Published: December 2009

AbstractBackgroundChronic hypocalcemia may cause electrocardiographic (ECG) changes and mimic acute myocardial infarction. It has also been associated with reversible cardiac dysfunction. On the other hand cardiomyopathy and heart failure have been reported in patients with idiopathic hypoparathyroidism or celiac disease.Clinical CaseA 39‐year‐old male was admitted to the emergency room with acute retrosternal pain and dyspnea. He exhibited severe hypocalcemia and acute renal failure. High creatine kinase (CK) levels did not correlate with biomarkers of myocardial necrosis (negative troponin test, heart type creatine kinase isoenzyme (CK‐MB) < 1% of CK value). The ECG showed an extremely long QT interval (0.6 sec) and T‐wave inversions on V4 through V6. The left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) was as low as 25%, while coronary angiography was normal. Investigation of the hypocalcemia revealed primary hypoparathyroidism (Parathyroid hormone (PTH) < 3 pg/ml) and concomitant celiac disease with positive antigliadin and endomysial antibodies. The cardiovascular episodes and the dilated heart failure were attributed to the chronic hypocalcemia since no other cause was found. The correction of hypocalcemia has not been sufficient to reverse the end‐stage heart failure after more than 6 months of treatment, even though ECG abnormalities have receded, implying permanent cardiac impairment.ConclusionThis case demonstrates an unusual clinical condition where 2 calcium homeostasis disorders led to severe hypocalcemia with clinical manifestations of end‐stage heart failure. The severe cardiac failure appeared to be nonreversible after calcium repletion suggesting permanent cardiac muscle dysfunction due to associated cardiomyopathy. Copyright © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Myocardial Perfusion Profile in a Young Population With and Without Known Coronary Artery Disease: Comparison by Gender
Authors: Zafrir Nili , Mats Israel , Solodky Alejandro , Kornowski Ran , Sulkes Jaqueline , Battler Alexander 
Published: December 2009

AbstractBackgroundMore and more young people are being referred for evaluation or screening for coronary artery disease (CAD). However, the value of myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) in this population is unclear, especially in the absence of symptoms.MethodsThe study sample included 1765 consecutive patients less than 51 years old who were referred to a major medical center for stress/rest MPI study. Clinical and MPI variables were compared between patients with and without known CAD, by gender.ResultsThere were 1346 (76%) men and 419 (24%) women of mean age 44 ± 6 years; 461 (26%) had known CAD. Stress‐induced ischemia was detected in 321 patients (18.2%) and significant ischemia in 131 (7.4%); there was no difference in the rate or severity of ischemia by presence of symptoms. Among those without known CAD, the rate of stress‐induced ischemia by MPI was significantly lower in women than men. On logistic regression analysis, the independent predictors of ischemia in men were high cholesterol, diabetes, angina during stress testing, ST depression, and smoking (P<.0001); and in women, the independent predictors were diabetes and high cholesterol.ConclusionKnown CAD and stress‐induced ischemia are significantly more prevalent in young men than in young women, irrespective of risk factors. The independent predictors of ischemia differ between men and women. Copyright © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Slow Heart–Slow Brain: Consequence of Short‐term Occupational Exposure to Toluene in a Young Woman: What Is The Real Mechanism?
Authors: Türkoğlu Cengizhan , Aliyev Farid , Çeliker Cengiz , Uzunhasan Işıl , Kocaş Cuneyt 
Published: December 2009

AbstractHerein we describe a case of acute occupational exposure to toluene in a 27‐year‐old female patient, presented to the emergency department of our institute. On admission she had electrocardiographic signs of profound sinus bradycardia with sinus arrhythmia and low amplitude slow wave activity recorded on her electroencephalogram (EEG). The mechanisms underlying the cerebral and cardiac effects of toluene are also discussed. Copyright © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Heparin‐Induced Thrombocytopenia Associated With Pulmonary Embolism
Authors: Mumoli Nicola , Cei Marco 
Published: December 2009

AbstractType II heparin‐induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) is a potentially severe adverse effect of heparin treatment triggered by an immune response. Although most cases occur in patients receiving unfractioned heparin, HIT can also arise after low‐molecular‐weight heparin (LMWH). We report a case of HIT in a postoperative orthopedic 75‐year‐old woman in treatment with LMWH (nadroparin) complicated by pulmonary embolism and treated successfully with recombinant hirudin. Early recognition and proper treatment are fundamental for the management of this life‐threatening disorder. Copyright © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Heart Rate Recovery and Tissue Doppler Echocardiography in Heart Failure
Authors: Guazzi Marco , Myers Jonathan , Ann Peberdy Mary , Bensimhon Daniel , Chase Paul , Pinkstaff Sherry , Arena Ross 
Published: December 2009

AbstractBackgroundPrevious research has demonstrated the prognostic value of echocardiography with tissue Doppler imaging (TDI) in the heart failure (HF) population. Heart rate recovery (HRR) has also recently shown promise as a prognostic marker.HypothesisWe hypothesize echocardiography with TDI and HRR will be significantly correlated and both will provide prognostic information.MethodsA total of 243 subjects underwent echocardiography with TDI and maximal exercise testing to determine: (1) the ratio between mitral early (E) to mitral annular (E′) and E to mitral late (A) velocity; (2) left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF); (3) left ventricular (LV) mass; (4) LV end‐systolic volume (LVESV); and (5) HRR at 1 minute postexercise (HRR1).ResultsHRR1 was significantly correlated with LVEF (r = 0.14, P = .03), LV mass (r = − 0.30, P <.001), E/A (r = − 0.22, P = .001), and E/E′ (r = − 0.49, P <.001). Multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed HRR1 was the strongest predictor of cardiac mortality (χ2: 55.5, P <.001); LV mass (residual χ2: 13.1, P <.001), E/E′ (residual χ2: 11.2, P = .001), and LVESV (residual χ2: 5.9, P = .015) all added significant prognostic value and were retained in the regression while LVEF was removed (residual χ2: 0.008, P = .93).ConclusionsTo our knowledge, this is the first investigation demonstrating an association between HRR and variables obtained from echocardiography with TDI in subjects with HF. The combination of both assessment techniques provides improved prognostic discrimination. Copyright © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Rest Myocardial Perfusion Imaging in a Patient with Atypical Chest Pain and a Nondiagnostic Electrocardiogram
Authors: Grube Heinrich , Rosenblatt Jeffrey 
Published: December 2009

AbstractACC/AHA guidelines assign a class I indication for use of myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) for the evaluation of chest pain in patients with acute coronary syndromes and a nondiagnostic ECG. However, MPI is not a widely used modality for the evaluation of patients who present to the ER with chest pain and an intermediate pretest probability for coronary artery disease.We report a case in which resting MPI was pivotal in diagnosing acute myocardial infarction and expedited the appropriate reperfusion strategy. Copyright © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Sleep Disordered Breathing is Associated with Appropriate Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator Therapy in Congestive Heart Failure Patients
Authors: Tomaello Luca , Zanolla Luisa , Vassanelli Corrado , LoCascio Vincenzo , Ferrari Marcello 
Published: December 2009

AbstractBackgroundImplantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICDs) are increasingly employed in patients affected by congestive heart failure (CHF) and sleep disordered breathing (SDB) is frequent in this population.HypothesisTo investigate SDB prevalence and influence on appropriate ICD discharges in CHF patients.MethodsA total of 22 consecutive ICD patients with systolic CHF (left ventricular ejection fraction [LVEF]< 45%) were studied by polysomnography.ResultsA total of 17 (77.2%) showed SDB (apnea‐hypopnea index [AHI]_ 10 events/hour). After controlling for LVEF and New York Heart Association (NYHA) class, AHI and severity of hypoxia during sleep results correlated to appropriate ICD discharges (r = 0.718; P < .001, r = − 0.619; P = .003, respectively).ConclusionsSleep disordered breathing is frequent in ICD recipients due to left systolic ventricular dysfunction and may increase the risk of ventricular arrhythmia and appropriate ICD discharges. Copyright © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Congenital Complete Absence of the Left Pericardium: A Rare Cause of Chest Pain or Pseudo‐right Heart Overload
Authors: Garnier Fabien , Eicher Jean‐Christophe , Philip Jean‐Luc , Lalande Alain , Bieber Hubert , Voute Marie‐France , Brenot Roger , Brunotte François , Wolf Jean‐Eric 
Published: December 2009

AbstractBackgroundCongenital defects of the pericardium are rare and poorly known cardiac malformations. Most of them are left‐sided and asymptomatic and are usually incidentally diagnosed.AimsTo describe the clinical, electrocardiographic, and imaging features of total absence of the left pericardium.Methods and ResultsWe report the cases of 3 patients who have been seen in our institution with a diagnosis of total congenital absence of the pericardium. All of them complained of precordial pain; one of them experienced disabling symptoms that justified surgical intervention. All of them had previously been suspected to have an atrial septal defect because of the echocardiographic appearance of right ventricular volume overload. Electrocardiogram, chest x‐ray, echocardiography, and magnetic resonance imaging of the heart consistently showed remarkably similar features including leftward displacement, increased mobility, and interposition of lung tissue between the heart and other intrathoracic structures.ConclusionCongenital absence of the left pericardium should be known by clinicians as a possible differential diagnosis of chest pain or pseudo‐right heart overload. Copyright © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The Efficacy of Statin Therapy in Patients with Acute Coronary Syndromes and Concomitant Carotid Disease
Authors: Komorovsky Roman , Desideri Alessandro , Coscarelli Sebastian , Tonello Diego , Visonà Adriana , Celegon Leopoldo 
Published: December 2009

AbstractBackgroundStatins prevent recurrent ischemic coronary events after acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and improve cardiovascular outcome of patients with peripheral artery disease.AimWe sought to evaluate the interrelationship between statin use, phenotype of carotid plaques as assessed by ultrasound, and outcome of patients with ACS and concomitant carotid disease.MethodsA total of 337 consecutive patients with ACS were assessed by coronary angiography and Doppler ultrasound of the carotid arteries and followed up for a median period of 19 months.ResultsCarotid plaques were detected in 144 (42%) patients. Of these patients, 99 (69%) had echogenic carotid plaques and 45 (31%) had echolucent plaques. The groups did not differ significantly with regard to the lipid profiles, the prevalence of risk factors, and 1‐vessel, 2‐vessel, or 3‐vessel coronary artery disease. During follow‐up, 227 (67%) patients were receiving statins. We observed 14 cardiac deaths and 17 myocardial infarctions. After adjustment for treatment strategy (medical therapy or myocardial revascularization), patients with echolucent carotid plaques receiving statin therapy (n = 32, 71%) showed a better event‐free survival than did patients with echolucent plaques not treated with statins (log‐rank P = .038). In patients with echogenic carotid plaques, the benefit of statin therapy on event‐free survival was less evident (log‐rank P = .56).ConclusionIn patients with ACS and echolucent carotid plaques, statin therapy is associated with better event‐free survival, while in patients with ACS and echogenic carotid plaques no clear benefit of statins is observed. Copyright © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A Novel Noninvasive Ultrasonic Cardiac Output Monitor: Comparison With Cardiac Magnetic Resonance
Authors: Trinkmann Frederik , Doesch Christina , Papavassiliu Theano , Weissmann Joerg , Haghi Dariusch , Gruettner Joachim , Schoenberg Stefan O. , Borggrefe Martin , Kaden Jens J. , Saur Joachim 
Published: December 2009

AbstractBackgroundUSCOM, a novel continuous wave Doppler (CWD) device, has been introduced for noninvasive determination of cardiac output (CO). The present study aimed to compare the accuracy and reproducibility of the new device, using cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) as the noninvasive gold standard.Methods and ResultsThe CO of 56 consecutive patients was prospectively determined by CWD either before or after CMR imaging. The CWD probe was placed in the suprasternal or supraclavicular notch aiming at the aortic valve. Valid CWD signals could be obtained in 45 patients yielding a CO of 5.3±1.1 L/min (range, 3.0–7.5 L/min) by CMR and 4.7±1.1 L/min by CWD (2.5–8.0 L/min, P = .004), respectively. CWD measurements showed an acceptable agreement with CMR (bias: 0.6±1.1 L/min) and a high reproducibility (bias: 0.1±0.4 L/min). Higher CO and body mass index (BMI) were identified as sources of inaccuracy in univariate analysis. By multivariate analysis, only COCMR was found to be independently associated with larger variation. Estimated diameters of the left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT), a prerequisite for CO measurement by CWD, correlated only weakly with those measured by CMR.ConclusionsContinuous wave Doppler is a feasible technique for measuring cardiac function. Although the overall agreement with CMR was acceptable, CWD showed a trend to underestimate CO. The estimated LVOT diameter by CWD is likely to be an important source of error. Nevertheless, the CWD device could be of clinical use especially for detection of intraindividual hemodynamic changes since a high reproducibility could be demonstrated. Copyright © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Drink, Drugs, and the QT Interval
Authors: Weir Robin A. P. , Petrie Colin J. , Murphy Charles Angus , Dargie Henry J. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractThe effects of several prescription and illicitly‐used drugs on electrocardiographic repolarization are well documented, most frequently manifested as prolongation of the corrected QT (QTc) interval. The combination of multiple repolarization‐modulating drugs taken in high dosage can occasionally lead to extreme abnormalities of the QTc interval and ST‐segment on the surface ECG, which can lead to the erroneous diagnosis of underlying myocardial ischemia and inappropriate treatment. We report on one such case in which the acute management of a syncopal patient was detrimentally influenced by misinterpretation of a very unusual ECG. Copyright © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Semisynthetic Latrunculin Derivatives as Inhibitors of Metastatic Breast Cancer: Biological Evaluations, Preliminary Structure–Activity Relationship and Molecular Modeling Studies
Authors: Khanfar Mohammad A. , Youssef Diaa T. A. , El Sayed Khalid A. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractThe microfilament cytoskeleton protein actin plays an important role in cell biology and affects cytokinesis, morphogenesis, and cell migration. These functions usually fail and become abnormal in cancer cells. The marine‐derived macrolides latrunculins A and B, from the Red Sea sponge Negombata magnifica, are known to reversibly bind actin monomers, forming 1:1 stoichiometric complexes with G‐actin, disrupting its polymerization. To identify novel therapeutic agents for effective treatment of metastatic breast cancer, several semisynthetic derivatives of latrunculin A with diverse steric, electrostatic, and hydrogen bond donor and acceptor properties were rationally prepared. Analogues were designed to modulate the binding affinity toward G‐actin. Examples of these reactions are esterification, acetylation, and N‐alkylation. Semisynthetic latrunculins were then tested for their ability to inhibit pyrene‐conjugated actin polymerization, and subsequently assayed for their antiproliferative and anti‐invasive properties against MCF7 and MDA‐MB‐231 cells using MTT and invasion assays, respectively.
Pancreatic cysts
Authors: Pitman Martha Bishop , Lewandrowski Kent , Shen Jian , Sahani Dushyant , Brugge William , Fernandez‐del Castillo Carlos 
Published: December 2009

AbstractPreoperative diagnosis of pancreatic cysts benefits from integrating the clinical, radiological, and cytological features. As patient management algorithms evolve to increasingly nonsurgical options, accuracy in distinguishing mucinous from nonmucinous and benign from malignant mucinous cysts is important. This review focuses on pseudocysts, serous cystadenomas, intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (IPMNs), and mucinous cystic neoplasms. Patients with pseudocysts almost always present with pancreatitis and are usually medically managed. Radiological studies reveal a unilocular cyst mostly in the pancreatic tail. Cyst fluid is thin, with high amylase but low carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) levels. DNA mutations are absent. Serous cystadenomas are benign and do not require resection. Patients are usually asymptomatic and have microcystic or macrocystic masses anywhere in the pancreas. Cytology is frequently nondiagnostic. CEA and amylase levels are low. DNA analysis may reveal loss of heterozygosity (LOH) at 3p if associated with Von Hippel‐Lindau disease. Neoplastic mucinous cysts are highly variable in their presentation. Most are resected. Mucinous cystic neoplasms typically arise in the body or tail of the pancreas of middle‐aged women and demonstrate a septated cyst without dilatation of the main pancreatic duct. Branch duct IPMNs are more common in the pancreatic head of elderly men. Main duct dilatation correlates with main duct or combined type IPMN. Both types of mucinous cysts produce variable amounts of mucin. Cytologically nonmalignant but atypical epithelial cells, even when scant, are an indication of a high risk for malignancy. High CEA level supports a mucinous cyst, as do KRAS mutation and good quality DNA levels. KRAS mutation and multiple LOH support malignancy. Cancer (Cancer Cytopathol) 2010. © 2009 American Cancer Society.
Coadsorption of Hydrogen and CO on Hydrogen Pre‐Covered PtRu/Ru(0001) Surface Alloys
Authors: Diemant Thomas , Bansmann Joachim , Rauscher Hubert 
Published: December 2009

AbstractThe influence of pre‐adsorbed hydrogen on the adsorption of CO on well‐defined PtRu/Ru(0001) surface alloys and the modification of the adsorption properties of both adsorbate species due to coadsorption was studied by a combination of temperature‐programmed desorption and infrared spectroscopic measurements. The hydrogen binding strength is weakened both by surface alloy formation and by CO coadsorption. In the densely packed coadsorbate layers, which can be formed after CO post‐adsorption, the adsorption properties of the adsorbed CO molecules are also affected significantly. Depending on the Pt surface concentration, the CO adsorption process on hydrogen pre‐covered surfaces is blocked to a different extent with a decreasing blocking tendency for Pt‐rich alloys.