bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Numerical Modelling Based Sensitivity Analysis of Stability of an Overburden Dump Slope
Authors: Gupta Gagan , Sharma Sanjay Kumar , Singh Gauri Shankar Prasad 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Globally, design-based shortcomings caused many dump slope instability in the last two decades. Thus, the reliable design and a thorough understanding of the influencing parameters of an overburden dump structure is critical for its safe operation and maintenance. This paper reports a numerical modelling-based sensitivity analysis to develop an approach for designing an optimally safe dump structure in a limited space. The study was based on the large scale opencast workings of central India. The geometrical dimensions of dump structures were compiled from the major opencast workings, and geotechnical properties were based on the laboratory findings of geotechnical tests conducted on the dump material. The effect of total dump height, bench height, bench slope angle, bench width, cohesion and friction angle were evaluated considering a strong floor through the numerical simulation using FLAC 2D software. The friction angle possessed highest and total dump height had least influence on the dump slope structure. The FoS can be less than 1 even if a single bench fails instead of the entire dump structure. Hence, Displacement and shear strain parameters were incorporated in this study along with the safety factor to identify the instability prone zones. The statistical analysis was performed using SAS v7.15 software to determine the combined effect of considered stability governing parameters on the stability of dump structure by developing a mathematical model. The R-Square of the model was 0.988 with a standard error of 2.54%. The classification of output parameters is also done to deduce the state of stability.
Understanding Morphological Dynamics of the Mahanadi River Reach
Authors: Pradhan Biswajit , Anand Rakesh Kumar , Khatua Kishanjit Kumar 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This work examines specific river morphometry parameters like bank erosion, active channel bank shift, and the sinuous behavior at identified stretches of the Mahanadi River. The specific stretches of the Mahanadi River from Baipur to Gopinathpur, Cuttack of around 270 km have been subdivided into five different reaches to simplify the study from a large scale to an average range. The Digital Shoreline Analysis System was used to investigate the river bank shifting and for the bank shifting prediction using Kalman Filter Model. The outcomes of the work show that, for the most part, the Mahanadi River is sinuous; however, at Kantilo, which is designated as reach four is meandering. In terms of Sinuosity, most reaches are unstable, whereas reaches 2 and 3 are stable. The flow area ratio to channel area has fallen by 25-30% due to the construction of barrages and dams in the upper portion of the Mahanadi River, affecting aquatic life, people and industries. At the same time, due to climate change, irregular rainfall causes floods in the lower reach of the river. The river flow erodes the bank along which it flows, even when the discharge is minimal. According to the bank shift analysis, the right bank is more unstable, ranging from 222 to -2900 m, while the left bank fluctuates from 996 to -1600 m. This study will help to understand the pattern of river bank shifting and change in the planform dynamics at the respective locations of the Mahanadi River.
Simulation of the Hydraulic Model HEC-RAS Coupled with GIS and Remote Sensing to Study the Effect of River Cross-section Width in Detecting Flood-prone Areas
Authors: Saini Dev Shree , Barik Dillip Kumar 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Flooding is one of the extreme hydrological phenomena. It is a recurring natural disaster that causes loss of life and property in many parts of the world, particularly during the monsoon season. It is important to address such issues for local government and policymakers to manage the flood properly. One such flood management activity is to develop a flood-prone area that depicts the spatial and temporal extent of flood accurately. The integration of the Hydrologic Engineering Centre - River Analysis System (HEC-RAS) model and geospatial tools have emerged as a crucial approach for identifying and mapping flood-prone areas. The successful application of the HEC-RAS model generally depends on the topographical data, which represents the channel and floodplain geometry. In floodplain geometry, discrete cross-sections play a vital role to develop the floodplain map, particularly in the flat topographical region. To extract these data it needs a high-quality digital elevation model (DEM), such as light detection and ranging (LiDAR). However, due to a lack of high-resolution topographical data, flood hazard mapping in developing countries is rare. In common practice, the centerline of the river is considered the flow path for the channel. The orientation of the cross-sections is perpendicular to this line and extends to reach the limits of the floodplain. But, it is difficult to define the limits and it may depend on the magnitude of the flood. Hence, in this study, the HEC RAS model coupled with ArcGIS has been applied to the Ganga River, which traverses through the Bihar state of India to study the effect of cross-sectional width to define the floodplain. The Bihar state is facing substantial hardships from annual flooding events with approximately 16.5% of India’s flood-prone area. The extreme flood values for 5, 10, and 25 years of return period have been determined and the influence of the three different cross-sectional widths to mapping the floodplain has been investigated. This novel perspective adds dimension to the understanding of flood dynamics and its implications for flood risk assessment. In this analysis, it has been observed that, with an increase in the width of the cross-section, the floodplain area also getting increased. In this topographical region, keeping a fixed flow path will underestimate the flood-prone area. The width of the flow path depends on the topography of the region and the river flow. The outcomes of this analysis provide valuable insights into the flood-inundated areas for the specified return periods, enabling the identification and prioritization of flood-prone zones.
Petrology and Geochemistry of the Ultramafic Rocks of Yerrabali Schist Belt, Eastern Dharwar Craton, Telangana, India
Authors: Ramachandran G. , Das Sankha 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The Yerrabali schist Belt (YSB) is a NW–SE trending 10 km long and 4 km wide belt located at the north eastern corner of Eastern Dharwar Craton (EDC) consisting of Banded Magnetite Quartzite (BMQ), ultramafic rocks, quartz–cordierite– gedrite ± garnet bearing schist, sillimanite–garnet–cordierite schist, metadolomite, amphibolite, ferruginous quartzite, tremolite schist and dolerite dyke. The ultramafic rocks consist of olivine, orthopyroxene, clinopyroxene and spinel. The Fe content of olivine varies from 88-91 and consists of high amount of NiO (0.3-0.511%). Orthopyroxone are enstatitic and clinopyroxene are Mg-augite in nature. The spinel grains are rich in Al2O3 (48.32-59.09%) and show very low Cr# values (0.08-0.29). Thermo-barometric analyses show equilibrium condition of 700°-1100°C temperature and 19-21 kb pressure. Oxygen fugacity of the ultramafic rocks range from -0.035 to -1.356 log units below FMQ buffer. Low Cr# values of spinel along with low oxygen fugacity suggest their formation by low degrees of partial melting from a less refractory Mid Oceanic Ridge (MOR) type mantle.
Ground Prediction by Markov-ANN Hybrid Analytics Using Baseline Geotechnical Data and Observed Field Data
Authors: Sharma Aman , Maji V.B. 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT
Geology along the tunnel length usually differs from the anticipated data as per Geotechnical Baseline Report (GBR), sometimes quite significantly. This has always led to the disruption of the planning, resource mobilisation, cost and duration of the project. One way to minimise this uncertainty is by exhaustive investigation like probe holes and geophysical prospecting. Forecasting or prediction of Geology can also be done by soft computing and analytical methods. Using the analytical tool of the Markov Model and the learning powers of Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) has been attempted in this study. The idea is to build a hybrid model that would combine both capabilities and do a probabilistic prediction of the ground condition ahead of the tunnel face in real time to better suit the site, accommodate complexities and can capture the associated uncertainties. The Geotechnical Baseline Report (GBR) having the initial survey details of the tunnel geology is used to build the Markov Model while the deterministic borehole data in the GBR is used to build the ANN model. Bayesian joint probability theorem is used to update the model with the face observed geological parameters. This hybrid model demonstrated to be a good complement to the physical forecasting methods and the geological uncertainty of a complex and challenging Himalayan region was well captured by the present approach. The window of the prediction was for a region of approximately 250m where it showed a very good prediction of ground class. The model can help in systematic planning and resource mobilisation in a better way and subsequent key decisions for the upcoming excavation method and corresponding support measures.
A Seismic Nodal Deployment to Understand Magmatic Structure in the Vicinity of the Pāhala Earthquake Swarm
Authors: Janiszewski Helen , Bennington Ninfa , Wight Jade 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
In Summer–Fall 2022, 80 three-component SmartSolo IGU-BD3C-5 nodal seismometers were deployed surrounding the Pāhala seismic swarm on the Island of Hawai‘i, with the goal of improving seismicity catalogs and seismic velocity images of the crust and upper mantle in this region. The Pāhala swarm, located south of Mauna Loa and Kīlauea, has been the site of a multiyear sustained swarm of seismicity at the depths of ∼25–40 km, with order of magnitude increases in rate in 2015, and then again in 2019. This seismicity is possibly related to the input of magma from the mantle plume below, which may then be subsequently transported to volcanic edifices. However, these processes remain enigmatic, in part due to a lack of precise earthquake locations and seismic velocity models in this region. Here, we provide an overview of the deployment, an assessment of the quality of the collected data, and discuss the viability of the data set for local earthquake relocation, tomography, and teleseismic receiver functions. Through comparisons with proximal permanent broadband and short-period instruments, we find that the nodes produce high-quality data, particularly at periods shorter than 5 s, although we find, document, and correct discrepancies with the gain and polarities of the instruments. We successfully record signals from teleseismic earthquakes, even at periods longer than 5 s (the corner of the flat response of the nodes). We also record local earthquakes, including details related to source characteristics. This indicates that the data are likely to prove useful for investigations using both local and teleseismic earthquake signals to better understand the connections between the deep and shallow magmatic systems of Hawai‘i. Although this deployment provides a snapshot in time, its success may provide a useful benchmark for future studies as the volcanic systems of Hawai‘i continue to evolve in the future.
Comparative study of tramadol and nalbuphine as an adjuvant to ropivacaine in supraclavicular block: A cross sectional observational study
Authors: Kamble Neha Prabhakar , Gajbhare Manoj Namdeorao , Pimparkar Pranjal Rajendra , Gaikwad Maroti Rajaram 
Published: June 2024

Brachial plexus block via supraclavicular approach performed with the help of ultrasound assistance, is a promising anaesthetic alternative for upper limb surgery, when compared with general anaesthesia. It provides good surgical anaesthesia and better post-operative analgesia. We compared the anaesthetic and analgesic efficacy of two additives, nalbuphine and tramadol with 0.375% ropivacaine.A double-blind, cross-sectional study, performed prospectively on 82 patients who were randomly assigned into Group N (41) and Group T (41). Patients were posted for surgical procedure of upper limb under supraclavicular brachial plexus block. Group N received inj. Ropivacaine 0.375% 25 ml plus 1ml (10 mg) of Nalbuphine plus 1ml of normal saline. Patients in Group T received inj. Ropivacaine 0.375% 25 ml with Inj. Tramadol 2 ml (100 mg). Total volume was 27 ml in both groups. Duration of postoperative analgesia was the primary outcome of our study. The secondary outcomes were the sensory and motor block characteristics (onset and duration), change in hemodynamic parameters and side effects.A statistically significant difference was noted in the duration of postoperative analgesia [Group N: 648.27 (± 124.69) minutes, Group T: 514.73 (± 43.15) minutes; P &#60;0.001]. In terms of onset of both sensory and motor block no statistically significant difference was noted. A significant difference was noted in duration of sensory block (Group N: 545.85 ± 118.13 min; Group T: 416.71 ± 50.43 min; P &#60;0.001). The mean duration of motor block was 482.93 ± 120.07 min in nalbuphine group and 356.59 ± 43.74 min in tramadol group; P &#60;0.001.Nalbuphine 10mg is a better adjuvant to 0.375% ropivacaine when compared with tramadol 100 mg. It prolongs the duration of sensory block and motor block and increases the duration of analgesia postoperatively.
Anterior mediastinal masses: A single centre-based retrospective study
Authors: Singh Ankita , Choudhury Minati , Chauhan Sandeep , Bisoi Akshya K 
Published: June 2024

Anterior mediastinal masses pose a serious challenge to anaesthetists and surgeons alike. It is sometimes associated with a severe cardiorespiratory compromise during surgery. The aim of this study was to evaluate the incidence of difficulty in airway management, intraoperative cardiorespiratory and postoperative complications in patients undergoing surgery for anterior mediastinal mass excision. We conducted a single centre-based retrospective observational study of the data of patients with anterior mediastinal mass who were treated surgically between February 2016 to January 2021. All the data of the patients were kept confidential. Data were collected from electronic medical records, operation theatre records, anaesthesia charts, intensive care unit (ICU) records, and discharge sheets. Demographic data, medical history, and preoperative imaging investigations were noted. The difficulty in airway management, amount of blood loss, blood transfusion, and other significant events during the intraoperative period were noted. In the postoperative period, the duration of mechanical ventilation, re-exploration, duration of ICU stay, hospital stay, and other complications were recorded. In our study, no patient suffered difficulty in intraoperative airway management(N=29). The intraoperative complication was seen in 13% of cases in the form of significant hemodynamic compromise. No patient underwent re-exploration. The mean blood loss during surgery was 455 ml. The mean duration of postoperative mechanical ventilation was 17 hours, and the ICU stay was 2.3 days. Postoperative complications were seen in 6% of cases (2 patients). Despite best management, some complications may happen in this subset of patients. A comprehensive multidisciplinary approach can minimize the risk of catastrophic hemodynamic and airway compromise during surgical excision.
Laser doppler flowmetry microcirculation assessment of a periapical cyst
Authors: Krastev Bogdan Petrov , Filipov Ivan Atanasov 
Published: June 2024

The radicular cyst develops by necrosis in the center of a granulation lesion and expands by applying pressure to the surrounding tissues thus decreasing microcirculation in bone. Laser doppler flowmetry is a non-invasive method of measuring microcirculatory blood flow in tissue. Using laser doppler flowmetry Moor VMS-LDF1-HP and CP1T-HP probe combined with Moor VMS-PC software the microcirculation of the periapical lesion (cyst) was evaluated before surgical endodontic treatment. It was compared to a healthy endodontically treated tooth of the same type with no periapical lesions. Measurements were done with the help of a VMSLDF1-HP probe. Later the bony crypt of the cyst was evaluated for blood perfusions with the VP7BS-HP bone probeEvaluate tissue microcirculation of a periapical lesion before, after and during surgical endodontic treatmentLaser Doppler flowmetry shows that the cystic tooth has a decreased blood flow, decreased concentration, direct current, speed, and lower temperature compared to another endodontically treated lesion-free tooth of the same type. During periapical surgery, the direct laser blood flow evaluation of the surgical crypt shows different values of flux, speed, direct current, and concentration before and after cyst removal which could be attributed to the mechanical trauma (osmotic pressure), adrenaline in the local anaesthetic or laser irradiation of tissues.Laser Doppler flowmetry is a valuable method to perform tissue evaluation before, during and after treatment. It allows us to follow up on the healing and pathological dynamics of microcirculatory tissue changes as well as evaluate and compare different methods and materials for the treatment of apical periodontitis.
DO KEY OPINION LEADERS (KOL) MATTER IN DIGITALLY MARKETED BEAUTY PRODUCTS? THE IMPACT OF KOL ON TIKTOK
Authors: Sembel Jacquelinda Sandra , Putri Derinda Alika 
Published: June 2024

<p>In the era of digital marketing, the role of Key Opinion Leaders (KOL) has become critical to attract new customers. However, previous studies reveal inconsistent results. This study aims to investigate the influence of Key Opinion Leaders (KOL) on purchasing interest in cosmetics products. The study employs a descriptive quantitative method, using a survey questionnaire distributed to 200 respondents. The respondents have TikTok accounts and follow Key Opinion Leaders in the beauty sector on TikTok. The research employs a quantitative study with a survey questionnaire. Data was analyzed using SmartPLS 4 software. The study reveals interesting results. First, there is a positive influence of KOL Expertise on followers' buying interest. However, KOL Attractiveness and Trustworthiness do not have a positive influence on followers' buying interest. The research findings provide strategic implications for marketers and business owners who plan to optimize their digital marketing strategies by employing Key Opinion Leaders.</p>
Les productions d’élevage en AB en France : structures des fermes, répartition spatiale et évolution récente
Authors: BENOIT Marc , STEINMETZ Lucille , FLECHET Dorian , PIET Laurent , POMEON Thomas 
Published: June 2024

L’agriculture biologique (AB) représentait 10,3 % de la surface agricole française en 2021. Ce mode de production est régi par un cahier des charges européen et des principes qui, combinés à une relation privilégiée aux consommateurs, conduisent à développer des systèmes de production se distinguant généralement de ceux de l’agriculture conventionnelle. L’Agence Bio, structure de coordination nationale en charge du développement, de la promotion et de la structuration de l’AB française, gère une base de données recensant tous les opérateurs français certifiés en AB et qui alimente l’observatoire national de l’agriculture biologique (ONAB). Grâce à cette base, nous avons pu affiner la connaissance des fermes françaises entièrement engagées en AB et ayant une activité d’élevage. Après une présentation globale permettant d’identifier des grands types de fermes en fonction de leur degré de spécialisation animale et du type de production végétale associée, nous analysons huit filières de production majeures : bovins et ovins lait et viande, caprins, poules pondeuses, poulets de chair et porcs. Pour chacune, nous précisons la localisation géographique des fermes tout en tenant compte de leur dimension et de leur gradient de diversification en élevage. Cette première analyse met en évidence la forte incidence de la présence locale de filières d’élevage conventionnelles historiques ayant développé un segment AB, avec a priori des répercussions sur la dimension des ateliers et sur le niveau et le type de diversification des élevages. Ces derniers éléments semblent ainsi être en interaction avec les modes de commercialisation, en particulier de type circuit court ou circuit long.
Copenhagen Mesenteric stent study (COMESS) – A randomized trial of stent versus covered stent treatment for chronic mesenteric ischemia.
Authors: Brandtzäg Alexandra Annelie , Eiberg Jonas Peter , Lönn Lars Birger , Taudorf Mikkel , Resch Timothy Andrew 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background
Current management of mesenteric ischemia is primarily endovascular stent treatment. Typical CMI symptoms are postprandial abdominal pain, food fear, weight loss, and diarrhea. Revascularization is often necessary, as mesenteric ischemia may progress to bowel necrosis and death if left untreated. This study aims to compare the outcome using bare metal stent (BMS) or covered stent (CS) in the endovascular treatment of chronic and acute on chronic mesenteric ischemia.
Methods
This is an investigator-driven, prospective, randomized, single-blinded, and single-center, national cohort study. Patients with chronic mesenteric ischemia (CMI) and acute-on-chronic mesenteric ischemia (AoCMI), are randomized to treatment with either BeSmooth BMS (Bentley Innomed GmBh) or BeGraft CS (Bentley Innomed GmBH). Randomization occurs intraoperatively after lesion crossing.
Discussion
There is currently no published data from prospective controlled trials regarding the preferred type of stent used for the treatment of chronic and acute-on-chronic mesenteric ischemia. This trial will evaluate the short- and long-term outcome of BMS versus CS when treating CMI and AoCMI, as well as the benefit of a more intense postoperative surveillance program.
Trial Registration:
Clinicaltrial.gov NCT05244629 Registered: 2022-02-08