bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Transient analysis of a gas manifold system
Authors: Parolia Vineet , Verma Nishith , Chhabra Raj 
Published: May 2010

AbstractIn the present work, a numerical study has been carried out to predict transient gas flow and pressure behaviour in a gas manifold system. The start‐up and shutdown of the system, varying demands at the consumer ends, malfunctioning of compressors and valves are a few examples of common causes of transience in a gas delivery system. In particular, the sensitivity of oscillations in pressure and mass flux to variation in pipe dimensions, supply pressure and gas flow rate are ascertained under the aforementioned conditions of transience. The present results show that large pipe dimensions, high gas flow rate and high upstream pressure in the branch in which the disturbance is introduced, all cause greater amplitude in mass flux and pressure oscillations in the neighboring branches. The duration of oscillations is also found to be longer. The present study has practical importance in designing as well as in operating, a gas delivery system.
Design, Synthesis, and Immunosuppressive Activity of New Deoxybenzoin Derivatives
Authors: Li Huan‐Qiu , Luo Yin , Song Ran , Li Zi‐Lin , Yan Tao , Zhu Hai‐Liang 
Published: May 2010

AbstractIn the search for potential immunosuppressive agents with high efficacy and low toxicity, a series of new deoxybenzoins were synthesized and evaluated for their cytotoxicity and immunosuppressive activity. Among the synthesized compounds, four deoxybenzoin oximes (compounds 31, 32, 37, and 38) exhibited lower cytotoxicity and higher inhibitory activity toward anti‐CD3/anti‐CD28 co‐stimulated T‐cell proliferation than other compounds. More significantly, compound 31 is >100‐fold less cytotoxic than cyclosporine A (CsA) and is also more potent (31: SI>684.64, CsA: SI=235.44). The preliminary inhibition mechanism of compound 31 was also identified by flow cytometry, and this compound exerts immunosuppressive activity by inducing apoptosis in activated lymph node cells in a dose‐dependent manner. In addition, the mechanism of apoptosis was detected by western blot analysis.
A critical analysis of prognostic factors in North American patients with human T‐cell lymphotropic virus type‐1‐associated adult T‐cell leukemia/lymphoma
Authors: Phillips Adrienne A. , Shapira Iuliana , Willim Robert D. , Sanmugarajah Jasotha , Solomon William B. , Horwitz Steven M. , Savage David G. , Bhagat Govind , Soff Gerald , Zain Jasmine M. , Alobeid Bachir , Seshan Venkatraman E. , O'Connor Owen A. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractBACKGROUND:To define the clinicopathologic and prognostic features of patients with human T‐cell lymphotropic virus type‐1 (HTLV‐1)‐associated adult T‐cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) in North America, standard criteria were used to identify patients with ATLL.METHODS:Statistical analyses used included descriptive statistics, Kaplan‐Meir survival analysis, and recursive partitioning.RESULTS:Eighty‐nine patients were identified between August 1992 and May 2007, including 37 (41.6%) males and 52 (58.4%) females with a median age of 50 years (range, 22‐82 years). All but 6 patients had immigrated to the United States from the Caribbean, Latin America, or Africa. The acute subtype predominated (68.5%). The majority of patients received a combination‐alkylator–based chemotherapy regimen in the front‐line setting (72.6%). The most common regimen was cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone at standard doses or attenuated and/or with methotrexate (CHOP‐like), which produced an overall response rate of 64.1%. Despite initial responses to therapy, the median overall survival for all subtypes was 24 weeks (range, 0.9‐315 weeks). Although the International Prognostic Index and Prognostic Index for peripheral T‐cell lymphoma unspecified identified subsets of patients, these models were not completely predictive. A recursive partitioning analysis was performed on the data, which successfully identified 3 prognostic categories based on Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status, stage, age, and calcium level at diagnosis.CONCLUSIONS:This series proposed a new prognostic model for patients with HTLV‐1–associated ATLL and confirmed a poor outcome for these patients in North America. Cancer 2010. © 2010 American Cancer Society.
Allogenic hematopoietic stem‐cell transplantation with reduced‐intensity conditioning in patients with refractory and recurrent multiple myeloma
Authors: Shimoni Avichai , Hardan Izhar , Ayuk Francis , Schilling Georgia , Atanackovic Djorde , Zeller Wolfgang , Yerushalmi Ronit , Zander Axel Rolf , Kroger Nicolaus , Nagler Arnon 
Published: May 2010

AbstractBACKGROUND:Allogeneic stem cell transplantation (SCT) with myeloablative conditioning is potentially curative therapy for myeloma, but is reportedly associated with a high risk of nonrecurrence mortality (NRM). Reduced‐intensity conditioning (RIC) allows for the reduction of NRM, but the recurrence rate is increased. The role and timing of allogeneic SCT in the disease course remains controversial. To the authors' knowledge, there are limited data regarding the long‐term outcome of RIC in the recurrent/refractory setting.METHODS:A retrospective analysis was conducted of SCT outcomes in 50 patients who received RIC for recurrent/refractory myeloma between the years 2001 and 2004. All patients were given fludarabine‐melphalan based conditioning and stem cell grafts from a related (n = 27) or unrelated donor (n = 23).RESULTS:The median age was 53 years. Forty‐seven patients failed a prior autologous SCT. Thirty patients were in disease remission at the time of SCT and 20 had stable or progressive disease. With a median follow‐up of 6.4 years (range, 5‐7.9 years), the overall and progression‐free survival (PFS) rates were 34% and 26%, respectively. The NRM rate was 26%. Adverse prognostic factors for survival included SCT not in remission, long duration of disease (>5 years from diagnosis), and transplantation from a female donor to a male recipient. The 7‐year PFS in 19 patients with none of these adverse prognostic factors was 47%. Chronic graft versus host disease and the achievement of complete remission after SCT were associated with improved outcome.CONCLUSIONS:Allogeneic SCT can result in long‐term PFS in a subset of myeloma patients who fail prior therapy and should be considered early after failure and after achieving remission. Cancer 2010. © 2010 American Cancer Society.
Topological flow structures and stir mixing for steady flow in a peripheral bypass graft with uncertainty
Authors: Gambaruto A. M. , Moura A. , Sequeira A. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractWith growing focus on patient‐specific studies, little attempt has yet been made to quantify the modelling uncertainty. Here uncertainty in both geometry definition obtained fromin vivomagnetic resonance imaging scans and mathematical models for blood are considered for a peripheral bypass graft. The approximate error bounds in computed measures are quantified from the flow field in steady state simulations with rigid walls assumption.A brief outline of the medical image filtering and segmentation procedures is given, as well as virtual model reconstruction and surface smoothing. Diversities in these methods lead to variants of the virtual model definition, where the mean differences are within a pixel size. The blood is described here by either a Newtonian or a non‐Newtonian Carreau constitutive model.The impact of the uncertainty is considered with respect to clinically relevant data such as wall shear stress. This parameter is locally very sensitive to the surface definition; however, variability in the topology has an effect on the core flow field and measures to study the flow structures are detailed and comparison performed. Integrated effect of the Lagrangian dynamics of the flow is presented in the form of stir mixing, which also has a strong clinical relevance. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A large‐scale monitoring and measurement campaign for web services‐based applications
Authors: Halima Riadh Ben , Fki Emna , Drira Khalil , Jmaiel Mohamed 
Published: May 2010

AbstractWeb Services (WS) can be considered as the most influent enabling technology for the next generation of web applications. WS‐based application providers will face challenging features related to nonfunctional properties in general and to performance and QoS in particular. Moreover, WS‐based developers have to provide solutions to extend such applications with self‐healing (SH) mechanisms as required for autonomic computing to face the complexity of interactions and to improve availability. Such solutions should be applicable when the components implementing SH mechanisms are deployed on both or only one platform on the WS providers and requesters sides depending on the deployment constraints. Associating application‐specific performance requirements and monitoring‐specific constraints will lead to complex configurations where fine tuning is needed to provide SH solutions. To contribute to enhancing the design and the assessment of such solutions for WS technology, we designed and implemented a monitoring and measurement framework, which is part of a larger Self‐Healing Architectures (SHA) developed during the European WS‐DIAMOND project. We implemented the Conference Management System (CMS), a real WS‐based complex application. We achieved a large‐scale experimentation campaign by deploying CMS on top of SHA on the French grid Grid5000. We experienced the problem as if we were a service provider who has to tune reconfiguration strategies. Our results are available on the web in a structured database for external use by the WS community. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Classical Molecular Dynamics Model for Coupled Two‐Component Plasmas – Ionization Balance and Time Considerations
Authors: Calisti A. , Talin B. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractThe dynamic properties of ion‐electron two‐component plasmas (TCP) are studied by using classical molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. There is a variety of time dependent and structural results that MD is able to provide in complement to other methods, e.g., useful micro‐field sequences can be generated. The method deals with some specific difficulties: the mass ratio between ions and electrons enforces very small time‐steps appropriate to follow electrons motion while, ions must move significantly in order to build, self consistently, their spatial structure. This results in expensive simulations. Electron trajectories are trapped and de‐trapped with multiple electron collisions around ions resulting in the occurrence of quasi metastable bound electron states. An analysis of micro‐fields at neutral in a hydrogen plasma reveals the need to consider a complete hierarchy of time scales extended typically over 7 order of magnitude, i.e., from a time‐step: ∼10‐19s, to a time required to obtain statistical averages, ∼10‐11s. In order to extend the MD capabilities in representing real coupled plasmas a classical ionization/recombination process has been implemented allowing to follow the evolution of plasmas involving several ion stages and model the ionization balance. Here again TCP simulations deal with extended time‐scale providing information about relaxation of non equilibrium plasma states (© 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Ionization Equiibrium and Composition of a Dense Partially Ionized Metal Plasma
Authors: Ramazanov T.S. , Gabdullin M.T. , Dzhumagulova K.N. , Redmer R. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractIn the present work we determine the ionization equilibrium of dense tungsten, aluminum and iron plasmas by solving the Saha equations with corrections due to non‐ideality. The lowering of the ionization potentials is calculated on the basis of effective potentials by taking screening and quantum effects into account (© 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Morphometric analysis and p63 improve the identification of myoepithelial cells in breast lesion cytology
Authors: Aikawa Emiko , Kawahara Akihiko , Kondo Keiko , Hattori Satoshi , Kage Masayoshi 
Published: May 2010

AbstractNuclear findings, including size, shape, chromatin, or nucleoli, affect the cytological diagnosis and were found to have prognostic significance in several studies based on morphometric analysis. In this study, we investigated whether the nucleus area relates to the appearance of p63‐positive myoepithelial cells. The nucleus area was analyzed in 101 breast cancers and 14 benign breast lesions using morphometric analysis and immunohistochemistry for p63. Breast cancer patients were classified into two groups; small nucleus group (n = 19) and large nucleus group (n = 82) based on the average nucleus area of ductal cells. The nucleus area was significantly negative correlating with p63‐positive myoepithelial cells (P = 0.031), and there was a significant positive correlation with small cells with hyperchromatic nuclei (P = 0.002). Although small cells with hyperchromatic nuclei were similar to myoepithelial cells, there was no significant correlation with the appearance of small cells with hyperchromatic nuclei and p63‐positive myoepithelial cells in breast cancer patients (P = 0.189). Although the identification of normal myoepithelial cells is mainly performed by immunostaining for p63, morphometric analysis of the nucleus area also suggests the existence of p63‐positive myoepithelial cells. Diagn. Cytopathol.2011;39:172–176. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Fine needle aspiration of pigmented villonodular synovitis of the temporomandibular joint
Authors: Lu David Y. , Zhang Liping , Apple Sophia K. , Dry Sarah M. , Moatamed Neda A. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractTemporomandibular joint (TMJ) problems are usually the result of functional disorders. Tumors of the TMJ are rarer entities, the diagnosis of which may be delayed due to a clinical impression of a functional ailment. We report a case of a patient with a recurrent TMJ area lesion diagnosed cytologically as pigmented villonodular synovitis (PVNS), an entity that very rarely involves the TMJ and is usually diagnosed by histology. The differential diagnosis of PVNS in the context of its location in and around the TMJ is also discussed. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2011;39:45–48. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Micronucleus in atypical squamous cell of undetermined significance
Authors: Samanta Swapan , Dey Pranab , Gupta Nalini , Mouleeswaran K. S. , Nijhawan Raje 
Published: May 2010

AbstractThe aim of this study was to explore the role of micronucleus (MN) scoring in distinguishing the smears of atypical squamous cell of undetermined significance (ASCUS) with reactive outcome versus ASCUS with cervical intraepithelial lesions (CIN) outcome. In this retrospective study, there were 53 cases of ASCUS diagnosed on cervical cytology smear and of which 30 cases showed reactive changes (group 1) and 23 cases showed CIN (group 2) on follow up histology. MN score of group 1 was compared with group 2 in conventional Papanicolaou's stained smear. The micronucleated cell per 1,000 epithelial cells in oil immersion magnification (100× objective) was counted by two observers and expressed as MN score. The data were compared in the two groups. The mean MN score was 2.8667 ± 2.20866 in group 1 and 8.3478 ± 6.44987 in group 2 cases. The Student's t‐test showed significant difference of MN score in group 2 compared to group 1 (P < 0.0001). MN score may be helpful in identifying the true CIN cases that are mislabeled as ASCUS on cervical smear. In future, MN score can be used as an additional biomarker in cervical cancer screening. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2011;39:242–244. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Processing and presentation of (pro)‐insulin in the MHC class II pathway: the generation of antigen‐based immunomodulators in the context of type 1 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Burster Timo , Boehm Bernhard O. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractBoth CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes play a crucial role in the autoimmune process leading to T1D. Dendritic cells take up foreign antigens and autoantigens; within their endocytic compartments, proteases degrade exogenous antigens for subsequent presentation to CD4+ T cells via MHC class II molecules. A detailed understanding of autoantigen processing and the identification of autoantigenic T cell epitopes are crucial for the development of antigen‐based specific immunomodulators. APL are peptide analogues of auto‐immunodominant T cell epitopes that bind to MHC class II molecules and can mediate T cell activation. However, APL can be rapidly degraded by proteases occurring in the extracellular space and inside cells, substantially weakening their efficiency. By contrast, protease‐resistant APL function as specific immunomodulators and can be used at low doses to examine the functional plasticity of T cells and to potentially interfere with autoimmune responses. Here, we review the latest achievements in (pro)‐insulin processing in the MHC class II pathway and the generation of APL to mitigate autoreactive T cells and to activate Treg cells. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Zebrafish sp7:EGFP: A transgenic for studying otic vesicle formation, skeletogenesis, and bone regeneration
Authors: DeLaurier April , Eames B. Frank , Blanco‐Sánchez Bernardo , Peng Gang , He Xinjun , Swartz Mary E. , Ullmann Bonnie , Westerfield Monte , Kimmel Charles B. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractWe report the expression pattern and construction of a transgenic zebrafish line for a transcription factor involved in otic vesicle formation and skeletogenesis. The zinc finger transcription factor sp7 (formerly called osterix) is reported as a marker of osteoblasts. Using bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC)‐mediated transgenesis, we generated a zebrafish transgenic line for studying skeletal development, Tg(sp7:EGFP)b1212. Using a zebrafish BAC, EGFP was introduced downstream of the regulatory regions of sp7 and injected into one cell‐stage embryos. In this transgenic line, GFP expression reproduces endogenous sp7 gene expression in the otic placode and vesicle, and in forming skeletal structures. GFP‐positive cells were also detected in adult fish, and were found associated with regenerating fin rays postamputation. This line provides an essential tool for the further study of zebrafish otic vesicle formation and the development and regeneration of the skeleton. genesis 48:505–511, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Rainfall, topography and primary production relationships in a semiarid ecosystem
Authors: Svoray Tal , Karnieli Arnon 
Published: May 2010

AbstractA series of 15 Satellite Pour l'Observation de la Terra XS images, which were acquired during a single growing season, were used to study the spatial and temporal relationships between topography, rainfall and aboveground net primary production (ANPP) of annuals in a semiarid environment. A digital elevation model was used to locate five physiographic units: interfluve, shoulder, backslope, foot slope, and channel, along the slope catena. ANPP values were then surrogated by the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI). Four phenological phases were interpreted from the seasonal NDVI profiles: germination, green‐up, drying, and senescence. A significant difference between NDVI values of all physiographic units was found, mainly during the green‐up phase. NDVI values at peak season were characterized as typical of semiarid ecosystems, except those of the footslope and the channel, which were found to have meaningfully high NDVI values, due to run‐off distribution and a thick soil profile. The seasonal NDVI integral was related positively and linearly to model‐derived water availability values for all physiographic units and the NDVI was correlated to multiple‐timescale rainfall data and the length of dry spells. The 1‐month rainfall data were found to have the highest correlation with the NDVI, indicating lag and cumulative effects of rainfall on production. This implies that the time required for the plants to use the water for production is around a month. It is concluded that studies of ecosystem functioning and capabilities in semiarid environments should consider not only mean annual rainfall amounts, but also the temporal rainfall distribution, mainly on a monthly scale, and the effect of physiographic units. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
CTLA4‐Ig inhibits allergic airway inflammation by a novel CD28‐independent, nitric oxide synthase‐dependent mechanism
Authors: Deppong Christine M. , Parulekar Amit , Boomer Jonathan S. , Bricker Traci L. , Green Jonathan M. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractThe T‐cell response to antigen depends on coordinate signaling between costimulatory and inhibitory receptors. The altered function of either may underlie the pathophysiology of autoimmune and/or chronic inflammatory diseases and manipulation of these pathways is an important emerging area of therapeutics. We report here that the immunosuppressant drug CTLA4‐Ig inhibits the effector phase of allergic airway inflammation through a CD28‐independent, nitric oxide synthase (NOS)‐dependent mechanism. Using mice deficient in both B‐ and T‐lymphocyte attenuator (BTLA) and CD28, we demonstrate that simultaneous deficiency of an inhibitory receptor can rescue the in vivo but not the in vitro CD28‐deficient phenotype. Furthermore, we demonstrate that inflammation in CD28/BTLA‐double‐deficient mice is suppressed by CTLA4‐Ig. This suppression is reversed by treatment with the NOS inhibitor, N6‐methyl‐L‐arginine acetate (L‐NMMA). In addition, CTLA4‐Ig is ineffective at inhibiting inflammation in NOS2‐deficient mice when given at the effector phase. Thus, CD28 and BTLA coordinately regulate the in vivo response to inhaled allergen, and CTLA4‐Ig binding to B7‐proteins inhibits the effector phase of inflammation by a CD28‐independent, NOS‐dependent mechanism.
Redox Processes Involved in the Synthesis and Reactivity of Oxazolinylthiophenolato Complexes of Iron(II)/(III)
Authors: Bottini Rúbia C. R. , Gariani Rogério A. , Cavalcanti César de O. , de Oliveira Franciele , da Rocha Nevilde de L. G. , Back Davi , Lang Ernesto S. , Hitchcock Peter B. , Evans David J. , Nunes Giovana G. , Simonelli Fábio , de Sá Eduardo L. , Soares Jaísa F. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractThe reaction of anhydrous FeCl2 with 2‐(4′,4′‐dimethyloxazolin‐2′‐yl)thiophenolate (ox‐phS–) afforded mononuclear [Fe(ox‐phS)2] (A) and binuclear [{FeIII(ox‐phS)}2(μ‐S)2] (B). In B, iron(III) and S2– resulted from an unexpected redox reaction involving elemental sulfur and the iron(II) starting material. Complexes A and B co‐crystallise reproducibly in a 2:1 proportion. An attempt to prepare (oxazolinylthiophenolato)iron(III) from Li(ox‐phS) and anhydrous FeCl3 in the presence of N,N,N′,N′‐tetramethylethane‐1,2‐diamine (tmen) gave another redox reaction with disulfide D, bis{2‐(4′,4′‐dimethyloxazolin‐2′‐yl)phenyl}disulfide (ox‐phS‐Sph‐ox), and trans‐[FeCl2(tmen)2] (E) as 1:1 co‐crystallised products. Characterisation of all complexes included Mössbauer spectroscopy and single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction analysis. Quantum mechanical (TDDFT) calculations for A and cyclic voltammetry experiments carried out with A and C helped to distinguish between ligand‐ and metal‐based electronic transitions and redox processes. Results add to the knowledge of the rich redox chemistry of early transition metals with soft S‐donor ligands, with possible consequences for catalytic and biochemical transformations.