bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Retracted: A Possible Case of Hypopituitarism in Neolithic China
Authors: Hernandez M. 
Published: September 2011

ABSTRACTA human skeleton with a possible case of hypopituitarism is reported. The individual (burial M53) is from the site of Guanjia, a Neolithic settlement in northern China, dated to the Late Yangshao period (6000–5500 bp). On the basis of the fully erupted third permanent molars and moderate occlusal dental wear resulting in substantial exposure of dentine, the initially estimated age‐at‐death was placed between 26 and 33 years. However, dimensions of the postcranial skeleton fall significantly below and outside the range from contemporaneous adult populations, and along with delayed epiphyseal fusion present throughout the skeleton, the postcranial age is concordant to that of an 11‐ to 13‐year‐old child. Most long bone epiphyses display incomplete fusion or are entirely unfused, but a lack of microporosity in the metaphyseal areas near growth plates indicates a cessation of longitudinal bone growth. Because no signs of porotic hyperostosis,cribra orbitalia, periosteal lesions or linear enamel hypoplasia are observed, the restricted growth of this individual is likely caused by a growth hormone disorder and is unrelated to nutritional deficiencies or systemic infection. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Developmental Fusion of the Malleus and Incus in a Late 19th‐Century Case of Aural Atresia
Authors: Swanston T. , Carter Y. , Hopkins C. , Walker E. G. , Cooper D. M. L. 
Published: September 2011

ABSTRACTA pathological condition, aural atresia, was discovered associated with human remains recovered from a late 19th‐century Catholic cemetery 2 km south of Battleford, Saskatchewan, Canada. Aural atresia, a congenital condition that results in a non‐existent external auditory meatus, was apparent on the right temporal bone of the remains of a young adult male. A complete osteological and contextual assessment, which included the use of a SkyScan 1172 micro‐CT scanner on the pathological incus that was recovered, indicated that the right incus and malleus had fused during early embryological development. The artifacts associated with this individual included a pocket mirror that may have represented a connection to the practice of oralism due to the discouragement of sign language by the authorities in that time period. The combination of advanced bone imaging and a complete contextual analysis suggests a differential diagnosis of nonfunctional hearing associated with the right ear, and the individual may have used a different means of communication. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Initial testing of JNJ‐26854165 (Serdemetan) by the pediatric preclinical testing program
Authors: Smith Malcolm A. , Gorlick Richard , Kolb E. Anders , Lock Richard , Carol Hernan , Maris John M. , Keir Stephen T. , Morton Christopher L. , Reynolds C. Patrick , Kang Min H. , Arts Janine , Bashir Tarig , Janicot Michel , Kurmasheva Raushan T. , Houghton Peter J. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractJNJ‐26854165 was originally developed as an activator of p53 capable of inducing apoptosis in cancer cell lines. In vitro, JNJ‐26854165 demonstrated cytotoxic activity. The ALL cell line panel had a significantly lower median IC50 (0.85 µM) than the remaining cell lines. In vivo JNJ‐26854165 induced significant differences in EFS distribution compared to control in 18 of 37 solid tumors and in 5 of 7 of the evaluable ALL xenografts. Objective responses were observed in 4 of 37 solid tumor xenografts, and 2 of 7 ALL xenografts achieved PR or CR. Responses were noted in xenografts with both mutant and wild‐type p53. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2012;59:329–332. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Natural course of low risk neuroblastoma
Authors: Shuangshoti Somruetai , Shuangshoti Shanop , Nuchprayoon Issarang , Kanjanapongkul Somjai , Marrano Paula , Irwin Meredith S. , Thorner Paul S. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractBackgroundNeuroblastoma is characterized by heterogeneity of histology, biology, and clinical behavior. Most epidemiology studies are based on Western and Japanese populations; there are very few studies on neuroblastoma from Southeast Asia.ProcedureCases of Thai children with neuroblastoma were retrospectively reviewed to determine if the epidemiology of the disease differs from Western populations. Sixty‐two cases were assembled from two pathology centers in Bangkok. Histologic prognostic category and MYCN copy number were determined.ResultsThe median age at diagnosis was 2.9 years. Only 11% of cases presented at less than 1 year of age and 12% cases had low stage disease (1, 2, and 4S). The majority of tumors had unfavorable histology (48/62); this was at least partly due to the higher age at diagnosis for most patients. MYCN amplification was detected in 18/52 (35%) tumors, all in stage 3 or 4 tumors. We assigned patients to high, intermediate and low risk categories using the Children's Oncology Group risk stratification criteria. In contrast to Western studies, the majority of cases (50/59 or 85%) in our series had high risk disease.ConclusionsSince there is no evidence to date that the biology of neuroblastoma varies by geographic region, the paucity of low risk cases in our study may reflect spontaneous resolution/differentiation of tumors that are not clinically detected. Moreover, a delay in diagnosis of intermediate risk cases could result in higher tumor burden at the time of diagnosis, increasing the proportion of high risk cases observed. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2012; 58: 690–694. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Synthesis and antimicrobial activity of biocidal polymer–montmorillonite nanocomposites
Authors: Salahuddin Nehal , Badr Badr , Abdeen Rehab 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThe bioactive agents p‐hydroxymethylbenzoate, 2,4‐dihydroxymethylbenzoate and methylsalicylate were reacted with polyoxyalkylene (D230–2000)–montmorillonite (MMT) intercalated nanocomposites. D230–2000–MMT were prepared by an ion exchange process of Na‐MMT andNH3+ groups in polyoxyalkylene amine hydrochloride of three different molecular masses (D230, D400 and D2000). The results of X‐ray analysis and transmission electron microscopy show that D2000–MMT/p‐hydroxymethylbenzoate is an exfoliated nanocomposite, whereas in D230–MMT/p‐hydroxymethylbenzoate, D230–MMT/2,4‐dihydroxymethylbenzoate, D230–MMT/methylsalicylate and D400–MMT/p‐hydroxymethylbenzoate, having lower molecular mass and polymer loading, the MMT rearranges in an intercalated and flocculated structure. The amount of intercalated polymer and interaction between polymer and layered silicate were determined using thermogravimetric analysis and Infrared spectroscopy. The antimicrobial activities of the nanocomposites were qualitatively and quantitatively assessed by agar diffusion tests and minimal inhibitory concentration values against a Gram‐negative bacterium (Escherichia coli NCIM 2065), a Gram‐positive bacterium (Bacillus subtilis ATCC) and fungi (Candida albicans SC5314 and Cryptococcus neoformans). The D2000–MMT/p‐hydroxymethylbenzoate nanocomposite strongly inhibits the growth of all the micro‐organisms tested. The diameter of the inhibition zone varies according to the type of micro‐organism tested. The effect of nanocomposite concentration on morphology, respiration and release of calcium, potassium and sodium ions of the test micro‐organisms was examined. Copyright © 2011 Society of Chemical Industry
Prognostic impact of marital status on survival of women with epithelial ovarian cancer
Authors: Mahdi Haider , Kumar Sanjeev , Munkarah Adnan R. , Abdalamir Moshrik , Doherty Mark , Swensen Ron 
Published: September 2011

AbstractObjectivesThe objective of this study is to examine the impact of marital status on survival of patients with epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC).MethodsPatients with a diagnosis of EOC were identified from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program for the period 1988–2006 and divided into married and unmarried groups. Statistical analysis using Student's t‐test, Kaplan–Meier, and Cox regression proportional hazards was performed.ResultsIn 49,777 patients with EOC, 51.2% were married and 48.8% were unmarried. White women were likely to be married compared with African Americans (52.0% vs 32.4%, p < 0.05). Younger age (63.9% vs 43.4%, p < 0.001) and early stage disease (37.5% vs 33.8%, p < 0.001) were more prominent in married patients compared with unmarried patients. Staging lymphadenectomy was performed more frequently in married than unmarried patients (39.9% vs 29.8%, p < 0.001).Overall 5‐year survival was 45.0% for married patients and 33.1% for unmarried patients, p < 0.001. Married patients had a better survival compared with unmarried patients within each racial subgroup: 44.5% vs 33.3% for White women (p < 0.001), 36.9% vs 24.9% for African Americans (p < 0.001), and 53.7% vs 42.7% for others (p < 0.001), respectively. In a model that controlled for age, race, histology, stage, grade, and surgical treatment, married patients had a significantly improved survival compared with unmarried patients (HR 0.8, 95% CI 0.78–0.83, p < 0.001).ConclusionsIn this epidemiologic study, the social institution of marriage is associated with improved survival in women with ovarian cancer. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Simple Pathway to Predict the Power of High Energy Materials
Authors: Keshavarz Mohammad H. , Ghorbanifaraz Mohammad , Rahimi Hadi , Rahmani Mehdi 
Published: September 2011

AbstractA new method has been introduced to predict the power of important classes of energetic compounds including nitroaromatics, acyclic and cyclic nitramines, nitrate esters and nitroaliphatics. In this method, the predicted specific impulse and the corrected heat of detonation on the basis of H2O‐CO2 arbitrary decomposition, have been used to calculate the power of an explosive with the molecular formula CaHbNcOd as determined by the Trauzl test. The predicted results show good agreement with respect to the measured values for both pure and mixture of explosives. The calculated volume expansions of pure energetic compounds have a root mean square (rms) deviation of 33 cm3 from 73 measured values (corresponding to 58 molecules). For 9 explosive mixtures, the predicted volume expansions have an rms deviation of 39 cm3 from the experimental results.
Mutational analysis of m‐values as a strategy to identify cold‐resistant substructures of the protein ensemble
Authors: Campbell James C. , Whitten Steven T. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractCharacterizing the native ensemble of protein is an important yet difficult objective of structural biology. The structural dynamics of protein macromolecules play key roles in biological function, but the short lifetimes and low population of near‐native states of the protein ensemble limit their ability to be studied directly. In part to address such issues, it was shown recently that the cooperative substructures that populate a protein ensemble could be ascertained by NMR methods performed at very cold temperatures. What is presented here is an argument that these same substructures can also be determined by denaturant‐induced unfolding studies performed on protein at room temperature. Data supporting this argument are given for Staphylococcal nuclease, chymotrypsin inhibitor 2, and ubiquitin. The observation of an agreement between the thermodynamics of the protein ensemble simulated under very cold temperatures to the apparent sensitivity of the ensemble to chemical denaturants at room temperature also suggests that the overall structural–thermodynamic character of an ensemble is surprisingly robust and preserved even in the presence of strong denaturing conditions. Proteins 2012; © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
MUFOLD‐WQA: A new selective consensus method for quality assessment in protein structure prediction
Authors: Wang Qingguo , Vantasin Kittinun , Xu Dong , Shang Yi 
Published: September 2011

AbstractAssessing the quality of predicted models is essential in protein tertiary structure prediction. In the past critical assessment of techniques for protein structure prediction (CASP) experiments, consensus quality assessment (QA) methods have shown to be very effective, outperforming single‐model methods and other competing approaches by a large margin. In the consensus QA approach, the quality score of a model is typically estimated based on pair‐wise structure similarity of it to a set of reference models. In CASP8, the differences among the top QA servers were mostly in the selection of the reference models. In this article, we present a new consensus method “SelCon” based on two key ideas: (1) to adaptively select appropriate reference models based on the attributes of the whole set of predicted models and (2) to weigh different reference models differently, and in particular not to use models that are too similar or too different from the candidate model as its references. We have developed several reference selection functions in SelCon and obtained improved QA results over existing QA methods in experiments using CASP7 and CASP8 data. In the recently completed CASP9 in 2010, the new method was implemented in our MUFOLD‐WQA server. Both the official CASP9 assessment and our in‐house evaluation showed that MUFOLD‐WQA performed very well and achieved top performances in both the global structure QA and top‐model selection category in CASP9. Proteins 2011; © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
hCINAP is an atypical mammalian nuclear adenylate kinase with an ATPase motif: Structural and functional studies
Authors: Drakou Christina E. , Malekkou Anna , Hayes Joseph M. , Lederer Carsten W. , Leonidas Demetres D. , Oikonomakos Nikos G. , Lamond Angus I. , Santama Niovi , Zographos Spyros E. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractHuman coilin interacting nuclear ATPase protein (hCINAP) directly interacts with coilin, a marker protein of Cajal Bodies (CBs), nuclear organelles involved in the maturation of small nuclear ribonucleoproteins UsnRNPs and snoRNPs. hCINAP has previously been designated as an adenylate kinase (AK6), but is very atypical as it exhibits unusually broad substrate specificity, structural features characteristic of ATPase/GTPase proteins (Walker motifs A and B) and also intrinsic ATPase activity. Despite its intriguing structure, unique properties and cellular localization, the enzymatic mechanism and biological function of hCINAP have remained poorly characterized. Here, we offer the first high‐resolution structure of hCINAP in complex with the substrate ADP (and dADP), the structure of hCINAP with a sulfate ion bound at the AMP binding site, and the structure of the ternary complex hCINAP‐Mg2+ADP‐Pi. Induced fit docking calculations are used to predict the structure of the hCINAP‐Mg2+ATP‐AMP ternary complex. Structural analysis suggested a functional role for His79 in the Walker B motif. Kinetic analysis of mutant hCINAP‐H79G indicates that His79 affects both AK and ATPase catalytic efficiency and induces homodimer formation. Finally, we show that in vivo expression of hCINAP‐H79G in human cells is toxic and drastically deregulates the number and appearance of CBs in the cell nucleus. Our findings suggest that hCINAP may not simply regulate nucleotide homeostasis, but may have broader functionality, including control of CB assembly and disassembly in the nucleus of human cells. Proteins 2012;. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The role of atomic level steric effects and attractive forces in protein folding
Authors: Lammert Heiko , Wolynes Peter G. , Onuchic José N. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractProtein folding into tertiary structures is controlled by an interplay of attractive contact interactions and steric effects. We investigate the balance between these contributions using structure‐based models using an all‐atom representation of the structure combined with a coarse‐grained contact potential. Tertiary contact interactions between atoms are collected into a single broad attractive well between the Cβ atoms between each residue pair in a native contact. Through the width of these contact potentials we control their tolerance for deviations from the ideal structure and the spatial range of attractive interactions. In the compact native state dominant packing constraints limit the effects of a coarse‐grained contact potential. During folding, however, the broad attractive potentials allow an early collapse that starts before the native local structure is completely adopted. As a consequence the folding transition is broadened and the free energy barrier is decreased. Eventually two‐state folding behavior is lost completely for systems with very broad attractive potentials. The stabilization of native‐like residue interactions in non‐perfect geometries early in the folding process frequently leads to structural traps. Global mirror images are a notable example. These traps are penalized by the details of the repulsive interactions only after further collapse. Successful folding to the native state requires simultaneous guidance from both attractive and repulsive interactions. Proteins 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
CCPS process safety beacon: A tool to promote process safety awareness for front line plant workers
Authors: Hendershot Dennis C. , Herber John , King George M. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThe CCPS Process Safety Beacon is a valuable resource for promoting process safety awareness for front line plant workers. The Beacon is available free of charge and can be shared with colleagues. The purpose, intended audience, and suggestions for use are discussed. © 2011 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Process Saf Prog, 2011
Scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy of graphene on insulating substrates
Authors: Morgenstern Markus 
Published: September 2011

AbstractGraphene is a truly two‐dimensional (2D) material with exceptional electronic, mechanical, and optical properties. As such, it consists of surface only and can be probed by the well‐developed surface science techniques such as, e.g., scanning tunneling microscopy (STM). This method bridges the gap between the surface science community and the electronic device community and might lead to novel combined approaches. Here, I review some of the STM and scanning tunneling spectroscopy (STS) experiments on monolayer graphene samples. I will concentrate on graphene samples deposited on insulating substrates, since these are related to graphene device concepts. In particular, I will discuss the morphology of graphene on SiO2 and other emerging substrates, some nanomechanical manipulation experiments using STM, and spectroscopic results. The latter can map the disorder potentials as well as the interaction of the electrons with the disorder, which is most pronounced in the quantum Hall regime.magnified image
Three‐dimensional representation of a STM image of graphene; the atomic resolution is displayed as color code, while the rippling is shown in three dimensions (courtesy of M. Pratzer, RWTH Aachen).
Crop‐based systems for sustainable risk‐based land management for economically marginal damaged land
Authors: Bardos R. Paul , Bone Brian , Andersson‐Sköld Yvonne , Suer Pascal , Track Thomas , Wagelmans Marlea 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThe increasing need for biomass for energy and feedstocks, along with the need to divert organic methane generating wastes from landfills, may provide the economic leverage necessary to return this type of marginal land to functional and economic use and is strongly supported by policy at the European Union (EU) level. The use of land to produce biomass for energy production or feedstocks for manufacturing processes (such as plastics and biofuels) has, however, become increasingly contentious, with a number of environmental, economic, and social concerns raised. The REJUVENATE project has developed a decision support framework to help land managers and other decision makers identify potential concerns related to sustainability and what types of biomass reuse for marginal land might be possible, given their particular circumstances. The decision‐making framework takes a holistic approach to decision making rather than viewing biomass production simply as an adjunct of a planned phytoremediation project. The framework is serviceable in Germany, Sweden, and the United Kingdom. These countries have substantive differences in their land and biomass reuse circumstances. However, all can make use of the set of common principles of crop, site, value, and project risk management set out by REJUVENATE. This implies that the framework should have wider applicability across the EU. This article introduces the decision support framework. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Car–Parrinello molecular dynamics
Authors: Hutter Jürg 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThe Car–Parrinello (CP) method made molecular dynamics simulation with on‐the‐fly computation of interaction potentials from electronic structure theory computationally feasible. The method reformulates ab initio molecular dynamics (AIMD) as a two‐component classical dynamical system. This approach proved to be valuable far beyond the original CP molecular dynamics method. The modern formulation of Born–Oppenheimer (BO) dynamics is based on the same basic principles and can be derived from the same Lagrange function as the CP method. These time‐reversible BO molecular dynamics methods allow higher accuracy and efficiency while providing similar longtime stability as the CP method. AIMD is used in many fields of computational physics and chemistry. Its applications are instrumental in fields as divers as enzymatic catalysis and the study of the interior of planets. With its versatility and predictive power, AIMD has become a major approach in atomistic simulations. © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.This article is categorized under:

Electronic Structure Theory > Density Functional Theory
Social Cognition in Bulimia Nervosa: A Systematic Review
Authors: DeJong H. , Van den Eynde F. , Broadbent H. , Kenyon M.D. , Lavender A. , Startup H. , Schmidt U. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractObjectiveClinical accounts and previous evidence suggest that socio-emotional impairments may be present in people with bulimia nervosa (BN). The aim of this paper was to systematically review studies of social cognition, and to evaluate whether social cognitive deficits exist in BN.MethodKeywords were identified using an existing model of social cognition (Green et al., 2007) [16], and used to search for relevant papers in three online databases. Records were then screened according to a priori inclusion/exclusion criteria.ResultsFive papers reporting seven social cognition tasks were identified as pertinent to the review. All involved either theory of mind ability or emotional processing skills. Participants with BN had impaired performance on the Levels of Emotional Awareness Scale and showed greater attentional bias than controls on an emotional Stroop task. There were no overall group differences for any other tasks, although there were small differences for some specific test items.ConclusionsBasic social cognition does not appear to be impaired in people with BN. Future research should make use of more complex, ecologically valid measures, and consider the relationship between task performance and everyday social functioning.