bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fatigue Crack Growth Under Spectrum Loads
Authors: Wei RP , Stephens RI 
Published: March 2009

Description
The Symposium on Fatigue Crack Growth Under Spectrum Loads was held on 23-24 June 1975 at the Seventy-eighth Annual Meeting of the American Society for Testing and Materials in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. Committee E24 on Fracture Testing of Metals and Committee E09 on Fatigue sponsored the symposium. R. P. Wei, Lehigh University, and R. I. Stephens, The University of Iowa, served as the symposium cochairmen. Serving as members of the Symposium Organizing/Program Committee and as session chairmen were J. M. Barsom, U. S. Steel Corp.; W. G. Clark, Jr., Westinghouse R & D Center; N. E. Dowling, Westinghouse R & D Center; C. M. Hudson, NASA Langley Research Center; E. K. Walker, Lockheed California Co.; and Howard Wood, AFFDL/FBR, Wright-Patterson AFB.
Biological Monitoring of Water and Effluent Quality
Authors: Cairns J , Dickson KL , Westlake GF 
Published: March 2009

Description
The symposium on Biological Monitoring of Water and Effluent Quality was held at the Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Va., 2—4 Nov. 1975. The symposium was sponsored by ASTM Committee D19 on Water. R. E. Sparks, K. L. Dickson, G. F. Westlake, and John Cairns, Jr., presided as session chairmen. John Cairns, Jr., K. L. Dickson, and G. F. Westlake, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University served as editors of this publication.
Recent Developments in Mechanical Testing
Authors: Schmieder AK 
Published: March 2009

Description
The symposium on Recent Developments in Mechanical Testing was presented at the Seventy-eighth Annual Meeting of the American Society for Testing and Materials held in Montreal, Canada, 227 June 1975. Committee E28 on Mechanical Testing sponsored the symposium. A. K. Schmieder, General Electric Company, presided as symposium chairman.
Thermal Fatigue of Materials and Components
Authors: Spera DA , Mowbray DF 
Published: March 2009

Description
The Symposium on Thermal Fatigue of Materials and Components was presented at the meeting held in New Orleans, 17-18 Nov. 1975. The symposium was sponsored by The American Society for Testing and Materials through its Committee E09 on Fatigue. D. A. Spera, National Aeronautics and Space Administration Lewis Research Center, and D. F. Mowbray, General Electric Co., presided as symposium co-chairmen.
Use of Computers in the Fatigue Laboratory
Authors: Mindlin H , Landgraf RW 
Published: March 2009

Description
The symposium on Use of Computers in the Fatigue Laboratory was presented at the November Committee Week of the American Society for Testing and Materials held in New Orleans, La., 17—21 November 1975. ASTM Committee E09 on Fatigue sponsored the symposium. Harold Mindlin, Battelle's Columbus Laboratories, served as symposium chairman, and R. W. Landgraf, Ford Scientific Research Laboratories, presided as symposium cochairman.
Composite Materials: Testing and Design (Fourth Conference)
Authors: Davis JG 
Published: March 2009

Description
The Fourth Conference on Composite Materials: Testing and Design was held 3-4 May 1976 at Valley Forge, Pa. The American Society for Testing and Materials' Committee D30 on High Modulus Fibers and Their Composites sponsored the conference. J. G. Davis, Jr., National Aeronautics and Space Administration-Langley Research Center, served as conference chairman. Most of the papers presented at the eight sessions are included in this volume which complements the first, second, and third conference publications—ASTM STP 460, ASTM STP 497, and ASTM STP 546, Composite Materials: Testing and Design.
Flameless Atomic Absorption Analysis: An Update
Authors: Bhargava OP 
Published: March 2009

Description
The symposium on Flameless Atomic Absorption Analysis: An Update was presented at the Seventy-eighth Annual Meeting of the American Society for Testing and Materials held in Montreal, Canada, 22—27 June 1975. Committee E03 on Metallography sponsored the symposium. O. P. Bhargava, Steel Company of Canada, Ltd., presided as symposium chairman.
Structure, Constitution, and General Characteristics of Wrought Ferritic Stainless Steels
Authors: Demo JJ 
Published: March 2009

Description
The special technical publication appears as Chapter 6 of Handbook of Stainless Steels published by McGraw-Hill Book Company and is reprinted here by permission. Committee A-1 on Steel, Stainless Steel, and Related Alloys of the American Society for Testing and Materials is the sponsor of this publication.
Gaskets: A Symposium
Authors: Gordon AL , Brown DS 
Published: March 2009

Description
The papers in this symposium encompass a broad spectrum of gasket technology. They are indicative of the numerous areas in which expertise has developed. Of particular interest are the presentations dealing with newer types of materials, especially in view of their increasing importance. It is hoped that these papers will help to advance the knowledge in this field by providing useful information and by stimulating creative thought as a basis for future new development.
The Relationship Between Engine Oil Viscosity and Engine Performance
Authors: Lonstrup TF , Bennett PA , McMillan ML , Waddey WE 
Published: March 2009

Description
The Joint SAE-ASTM Symposium on "The Relationship of Engine Oil Viscosity to Engine Performance" was presented at the 1977 SAE International Automotive Engineering Congress and Exposition Meeting held in Detroit, Michigan, February 28—March 4.
Dispersive Clays, Related Piping, and Erosion in Geotechnical Projects
Authors: Sherard JL , Decker RS 
Published: March 2009

Description
The symposium on Dispersive Clays, Related Piping, and Erosion in Geotechnical Projects was presented at the Seventy-ninth Annual Meeting of the American Society for Testing and Materials held in Chicago, Ill., 27 June - 2 July 1976. Committee D18 on Soil and Rock for Engineering Purposes sponsored the symposium. J. L. Sherard, consulting engineer, and R. S. Decker, Hoskins-Western-Sonderegger, Inc., presided as symposium co-chairmen and editors of this publication.
Oil Field Subsurface Injection of Water
Authors: Wright CC , Cross D , Ostroff AG , Stanford JR 
Published: March 2009

Description
The symposium on Oil Field Subsurface Injection of Water was presented at a meeting held in Fort Lauderdale, Fla., 17—18 January 1977. The symposium was sponsored by the American Society for Testing and Materials through its Committee D-19 on Water. C. C. Wright, Arabian American Oil Company, Dennis Cross, Aramco, Services Company, A. G. Ostroff, Mobil Research and Development Corp., and J. R. Standford, Nalco Chemical Company, presided as symposium cochairmen and coeditors of this publication.
Rail Steels—Developments, Processing, and Use
Authors: Stone DH , Knupp GG 
Published: March 2009

Description
The symposium on Rail Steels—Developments, Processing, and Use was presented at a meeting held in Denver, Colo., 17-18 Nov. 1976. The symposium was sponsored by the American Society for Testing and Materials through its Committee A01 on Steel, Stainless Steel, and Related Alloys. D. H. Stone, Association of American Railroads, and G. G. Knupp, Bethlehem Steel Corporation, presided as symposium chairmen and editors of this publication.
Biological Data in Water Pollution Assessment: Quantitative and Statistical Analyses
Authors: Dickson KL , Cairns J , Livingston RJ 
Published: March 2009

Description
This publication on Biological Data in Water Pollution Assessment: Quantitative and Statistical Analyses contains papers presented at a symposium held 20-21 June 1977 at Minneapolis, Minnesota. The symposium was sponsored by the American Society for Testing and Materials through its Committee D19 on Water in cooperation with The Center for Environmental Studies at Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University. K. L. Dickson and John Cairns, Jr., Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, and R. J. Livingston, Florida State University, served as symposium cochairmen and editors of this publication.
Intergranual Corrosion of Stainless Alloys
Authors: Steigerwald RF 
Published: March 2009

Description
This publication, Intergranular Corrosion of Stainless Alloys, contains papers presented at the Symposium on Evaluation Criteria for Determining the Susceptibility of Stainless Steels to Intergranular Corrosion which was held in Toronto, Canada, 2-3 May 1977. The symposium was sponsored by Committee A01 on Steel, Stainless Steel, and Related Alloys and G01 on Corrosion of Metals, American Society for Testing and Materials. R. F. Steigerwald, Climax Molybdenum Company, presided as symposium chairman and editor of this publication.
Thermal Transmission Measurements of Insulation
Authors: Tye RP 
Published: March 2009

Description
This publication, Thermal Transmission Measurements of Insulation, contains papers presented at a symposium on Heat Transmission Measurements held in Philadelphia, Pa., 19-20 Sept. 1977. The symposium was sponsored by Committee C16 on Thermal and Cryogenic Insulation Materials of the American Society for Testing and Materials. R. P. Tye, Dynatech R/D Company, presided as symposium chairman and editor of this publication.
Field Description of Coal
Authors: Dutcher RR 
Published: March 2009

Description
The Symposium on Field Description of Coal was presented at Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, 22—23 Sept. 1976. The symposium was sponsored by ASTM Committee D05 on Coal and Coke. R. R. Dutcher, Southern Illinois University, and Heinz Damburger, Illinois State Geological Survey, presided as symposium co-chairmen. Dutcher served as editor of this publication.
Resistance Gene Replacement in the Mosquito Culex pipiens: Fitness Estimation From Long-Term Cline Series
Authors: Labbé Pierrick , Sidos Nicolas , Raymond Michel , Lenormand Thomas 
Published: March 2009

Abstract
How adaptation appears and is later refined by natural selection has been the object of intense theoretical work. However, the testing of these theories is limited by our ability to estimate the strength of natural selection in nature. Using a long-term cline series, we estimate the selection coefficients acting on different alleles at the same locus to analyze the allele replacement observed in the insecticide resistance gene Ester in the mosquito Culex pipiens in the Montpellier area, southern France. Our method allows us to accurately account for the resistance allele replacement observed in this area since 1986. A first resistance allele appeared early, which was replaced by a second resistance allele providing the same advantage but at a lower cost, itself being replaced by a third resistance allele with both higher advantage and cost. It shows that amelioration of the adaptation (here resistance to insecticide) through allele replacement was successively achieved by selection of first a generalist allele (i.e., with a low fitness variance across environments) and later a specialist allele (i.e., with a large fitness variance across environments). More generally, we discuss how precise estimates of the strength of selection obtained from field data help us understand the process of amelioration of adaptation.
Predicting Quantitative Traits With Regression Models for Dense Molecular Markers and Pedigree
Authors: de los Campos Gustavo , Naya Hugo , Gianola Daniel , Crossa José , Legarra Andrés , Manfredi Eduardo , Weigel Kent , Cotes José Miguel 
Published: March 2009

AbstractThe availability of genomewide dense markers brings opportunities and challenges to breeding programs. An important question concerns the ways in which dense markers and pedigrees, together with phenotypic records, should be used to arrive at predictions of genetic values for complex traits. If a large number of markers are included in a regression model, marker-specific shrinkage of regression coefficients may be needed. For this reason, the Bayesian least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) (BL) appears to be an interesting approach for fitting marker effects in a regression model. This article adapts the BL to arrive at a regression model where markers, pedigrees, and covariates other than markers are considered jointly. Connections between BL and other marker-based regression models are discussed, and the sensitivity of BL with respect to the choice of prior distributions assigned to key parameters is evaluated using simulation. The proposed model was fitted to two data sets from wheat and mouse populations, and evaluated using cross-validation methods. Results indicate that inclusion of markers in the regression further improved the predictive ability of models. An R program that implements the proposed model is freely available.
A Proximal Centriole-Like Structure Is Present in Drosophila Spermatids and Can Serve as a Model to Study Centriole Duplication
Authors: Blachon Stephanie , Cai Xuyu , Roberts Kela A , Yang Kevin , Polyanovsky Andrey , Church Allen , Avidor-Reiss Tomer 
Published: March 2009

Abstract
Most animals have two centrioles in spermatids (the distal and proximal centrioles), but insect spermatids seem to contain only one centriole (Fuller 1993), which functionally resembles the distal centriole. Using fluorescent centriolar markers, we identified a structure near the fly distal centriole that is reminiscent of a proximal centriole (i.e., proximal centriole-like, or PCL). We show that the PCL exhibits several features of daughter centrioles. First, a single PCL forms near the proximal segment of the older centriole. Second, the centriolar proteins SAS-6, Ana1, and Bld10p/Cep135 are in the PCL. Third, PCL formation depends on SAK/PLK4 and SAS-6. Using a genetic screen for PCL defect, we identified a mutation in the gene encoding the conserved centriolar protein POC1, which is part of the daughter centriole initiation site (Kilburn et al. 2007) in Tetrahymena. We conclude that the PCL resembles an early intermediate structure of a forming centriole, which may explain why no typical centriolar structure is observed under electron microscopy. We propose that, during the evolution of insects, the proximal centriole was simplified by eliminating the later steps in centriole assembly. The PCL may provide a unique model to study early steps of centriole formation.
Mood disorders in patients with chronic kidney disease: Significance, etiology and prevalence of depression
Authors: Szeifert Lilla , Adorjáni Gertrúd , Zalai Dóra , Novák Márta 
Published: March 2009

A végstádiumú vesebetegségben szenvedő betegek növekvő száma és az ellátásukra fordított magas költségek miatt a betegség minden olyan aspektusa nagy figyelmet érdemel, amely jelentősen befolyásolja a betegek életminőségét, mortalitását és amelyek befolyásolása, kezelése a klinikai kimenetel javulását eredményezheti. Mára általánosan elfogadottá vált, hogy a szomatikus tényezők mellett számos pszichés és szociális faktor, köztük a depresszió is hatással lehet a krónikus betegségek klinikai kimenetelére. Bár a depresszió az egyik leggyakoribb pszichés probléma krónikus vesebetegek körében, mégis kevés a depresszió előfordulását, diagnosztikáját, kezelését vizsgáló, megfelelő diagnosztikus kritériumokat alkalmazó, jól strukturált, nagy betegszámú vizsgálat. A vesepótló kezelési lehetőségek az elmúlt évtizedekben igen sokat fejlődtek, de a krónikus vesebetegségben szenvedők mortalitása változatlanul rendkívül magas. Jelen közleményünkben áttekintjük a depresszió gyakoriságát és etiológiai tényezőit leíró irodalmat, továbbá kitérünk a depresszió, az életminőség és a mortalitás kapcsolatára. Összefoglalónk később megjelenő második részében írunk a depresszió diagnosztikus és terápiás sajátosságairól krónikus vesebetegek körében.
Population‐level compensation by an invasive thistle thwarts biological control from seed predators
Authors: Garren Julie M. , Strauss Sharon Y. 
Published: March 2009

Pre‐dispersal seed predators are often chosen as biocontrol agents because of their high impacts on plant fitness; however, they have a mixed record in realizing decreased plant population growth. Few studies have experimentally removed agents to explore their impact on weed population growth. Here, we used manipulative experiments with invasive yellow starthistle (YST), Centaurea solstitialis, and its pre‐dispersal seed predator biological control agents, primarily Eustenopus villosus, the hairy weevil, and Chaetorellia succinea, the false peacock fly, to explore how these agents affect population growth of YST. We also use additional seed augmentation experiments to mimic effects of agents on seed inputs across a range of seed and adult plant densities.We found that biocontrol agents reduced seed production by >70% and that seedling numbers were significantly related to seed inputs. However, several compensatory processes prevented effective population reduction of YST by seed predators. First, self‐thinning reduced seedling numbers such that densities of plants in our agents‐present and agents‐absent treatments converged. Second, plots in which plants started at low density had particularly high population growth rates. In this case, plant plasticity and conservation of final yield, in which a small number of large plants produce as much seed as a large number of smaller plants occupying the same area, also provided avenues where plant populations can compensate for damage. Similarly, seed production on a per‐plot basis was unchanged across a large range of YST densities. Our results suggest that at very low plant densities, biocontrol agents may reduce plant populations; however, other sources of mortality to YST (preferably imposed after self‐thinning) will be needed to reduce populations to sizes where agents can become effective tools in weed control.
Fouling by External Particles and Ultrasonic Cleaning of a Porous Material
Authors: Poesio Pietro , Ooms Gijs 
Published: March 2009

Summary
The aim of this paper is to investigate experimentally the fouling of a porous material by external particles and the optimal way to clean the porous material with high-frequency acoustic waves. In particular, we are interested in the fouling by mud particles of the near-wellbore region of an oil reservoir. In the experiments, therefore, we used natural sandstone as porous material and mud particles as fouling particles. To generate fouling, mud particles were flushed through a sandstone core. Next, the core was treated with very short bursts of ultrasound, and the change in permeability was measured after each burst. (Earlier papers report only the end result after applying the total amount of acoustic energy.)
Experiments were carried out under different acoustic-cleaning conditions to investigate the influence of the relevant parameters on the cleaning process. For instance, the amplitude of the acoustic waves, the duration of the bursts, and the time between the bursts were varied. During the ultrasonic-cleaning process, brine flowed through the core. The effect of this flow was studied by changing the flow rate. Also, the effect of the temperature, pressure, and initial core permeability on the cleaning process was investigated. The experimental results show that short bursts of acoustic energy are more efficient for cleaning than long bursts or continuous application of ultrasound (for the same total amount of acoustic energy). The overall conclusion is that the optimal method of ultrasonic cleaning is to apply many very short bursts of low-amplitude acoustic energy, with a short rest time between the bursts while keeping the liquid (brine) flow at a very low velocity. More acoustic energy is needed to clean a core with a high initial permeability than a core with a low initial permeability. At low pressure, cavitation occurs and prevents the generation of ultrasonic bursts. Cavitation can even have a negative effect on the cleaning process.
Robust Waterflooding Optimization of Multiple Geological Scenarios
Authors: Essen G. M. van , Zandvliet M. J. , Hof P. M. J. Van den , Bosgra O. H. , Jansen J. D. 
Published: March 2009

Summary
Dynamic optimization of waterflooding using optimal control theory has significant potential to increase ultimate recovery, as has been shown in various studies. However, optimal control strategies often lack robustness to geological uncertainties. We present an approach to reduce the effect of geological uncertainties in the field-development phase known as robust optimization (RO). RO uses a set of realizations that reflect the range of possible geological structures honoring the statistics of the geological uncertainties. In our study, we used 100 realizations of a 3D reservoir in a fluvial depositional environment with known main-flow direction. We optimized the rates of the eight injection and four production wells over the life of the reservoir, with the objective to maximize the average net present value (NPV). We used a gradient-based optimization method in which the gradients are obtained with an adjoint formulation. We compared the results of the RO procedure to two alternative approaches: a nominal-optimization (NO) and a reactive-control approach. In the reactive approach, each production well is shut in when production is no longer profitable. The NO procedure is based on a single realization. In our study, the NO procedure is performed on each of the 100 realizations in the set individually, resulting in 100 different NO-production strategies. The control strategies were applied to each realization, from which the average NPVs, the standard deviation, the cumulative-distribution functions, and the probability-density functions were determined. The RO results displayed a much smaller variance than the alternatives, indicating an increased robustness to geological uncertainty. Moreover, the RO procedure significantly improved the expected NPV compared to the alternative methods (on average 9.5% higher than using reactive-control and 5.9% higher than the average of the NO strategies).