bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Successful treatment of acute megakaryoblastic leukaemia
Authors: Ninomiya Haruhiko , Nakazawa Masaki , Shibuya Akira , Aoki Yasuko , Nagasawa Toshiro , Abe Tsukasa 
Published: August 2010

2 patients with acute megakaryoblastic leukaemia (AMKBL) were successfully treated with a combination of aclarubicin hydrochloride (an anthracyline), enocitabine (a derivative of cytosine arabinoside) and 6‐mercaptopurine (6‐MP) or 6‐thioguanine (6‐TG). They achieved a complete remission following 1 or 2 courses. They remained well and in complete remission throughout 3 courses of consolidation therapy, a total of 9 weeks.The results of remission induction therapy of AMKBL have been reviewed in the literature. 4 of 7 adult patients, including our cases, treated with 3 drugs, anthracycline, cytosine arabinoside or its derivative and 6‐TG or 6‐MP, achieved a complete remission. AMKBL may not have so poor a prognosis as previously believed.
TCR Vβ gene expression in lesional T lymphocyte cell lines in oral lichen planus
Authors: Zhou XJ , Savage NW , Sugerman PB , Walsh LJ , Aldred MJ , Seymour GJ 
Published: August 2010

OBJECTIVE: To study Vβ gene expression in oral lichen planus (OLP) lesional T lymphocyte cell lines.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Lesional T lymphocytes were isolated from eight OLP patients and cell lines established. The total RNA was extracted from these lymphocyte cell lines and reverse transcribed. cDNA was amplified by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using a panel of 26 Vβ‐specific oligonucleotide primers followed by qualitative analysis of the electrophoresed reaction products.RESULTS: Vβ 1, 2, 3, 5.1, 6.1–3, 7, 8, 9, 22. 23, and 24 were represented consistently in all of the OLP samples, Vβ11, 12, and 17 were consistently negative, while the other Vβ families (Vβ4, 5.2–3, 10, 13.1, 13.2, 14, 15, 16, 18, 19, 20, and 21) were variable. Vβ22 and 23 were the most strongly expressed in all patients.CONCLUSIONS A limited T cell receptor (TCR) gene usage indicates a degree of oligoclonality within these lesional T lymphocyte cell lines from OLP. This implies that OLP may be an antigen‐specific disease or linked to a limited number of superantigens.
Defensin‐1, an antimicrobial peptide present in the saliva of patients with oral diseases
Authors: Mizukawa N. , Sugiyama K. , Ueno T. , Mishima K. , Takagi S. , Sugahara T. 
Published: August 2010

OBJECTIVES AND DESIGN: A preceding paper has noted a detection of defensin‐1 (HNP‐1), a peptide with antimicrobial and cytotoxic properties, in the saliva of patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma. The present study deals with the presence of HNP‐1 in the saliva of patients with various oral diseases.METHODS: Whole saliva samples were obtained from the patientS. HNP‐1 in the saliva was isolated and purified by HPLC and the amino acid sequence of the peptide was determined. The molecular weight of HNP‐1 was measured by mass spectrometry. The concentration of HNP‐1 in saliva was determined by comparing the height of eluted HNP‐1 with that of a synthetic HNP‐1 standard.RESULTS: The concentrations of HNP‐1 in the saliva of patients with oral lichen planus (n= 5), leukoplakia (n= 4), and glossitis associated with iron deficiency (n= 4) were 8.3± 4.3μg ml‐1, 13.2± 7.9/w.g ml ‐1, and 11.4± 4.9 μg ml‐1, (mean± S. d.), respectively. These concentrations were significantly higher than those in healthy subjects (0.8 μg ml‐1) (P < 0.01). In contrast, salivary HNP‐1 concentrations in patients with glossodynia (n= 4) and oral discomfort (n= 4) were similar to those in healthy subjects.CONCLUSIONS: Since HNP‐1 is a non‐specific defensive peptide present in neutrophils, it may play an important role in the protection against diseases such as oral lichen planus, leukoplakia, and glossitis associated with iron deficiency.
Experimental Oral Biology: Effects of cytokines on the production of nitric oxide in a chondrogenic cell line established from human osteogenic sarcoma
Authors: Tachibana H , Kakuta S , Yagami K , Nagumo M 
Published: August 2010

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of various cytokines and/or lipopolisacharide (LPS) on nitric oxide (NO) production from USAC, a newly established clonal cell line derived from human osteogenic sarcoma that expressed chondrocytic phenotypes.MATERIALS AND METHODS: No production was measured by Griess method. Inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) mRNA was detected by PCR analysis. Western blotting analysis and immunocytochemistry was used to detect iNOS protein.RESULTS: Although USAC cells treated without any stimulants produced only small amounts of NO, exposure to cytokines and/or LPS induced iNOS in USAC cells and produced high levels of NO. The stimulatory effects of cytokines and/or LPS on NO production required TNF‐α. TNF‐α alone neither induced iNOS in USAC cells nor caused production of NO, but addition of TNF‐α to USAC cells pretreated with LPS and IFN‐γ enhanced the expression of iNOS mRNA, induced iNOS protein and produced NO. Dexamethasone inhibited the stimulatory effect of TNF‐α.CONCLUSIONS: The responsiveness of USAC cells to cytokines and/or LPS and steroid hormone on NO production was quite different from that reported for rabbit and human articular cartilaginous cells. The differences in responsiveness between articular cartilaginous chondrocytes and USAC cells might have been because USAC cells were established from a malignant tumor.
Chlorhexidine digluconate induces mitotic recombination in diploid cells of Aspergillus nidulans
Authors: Souza‐Júnior SA , Castro‐Prado MAA 
Published: August 2010

Chlorhexidine digluconate (1,1′‐hexamethylene‐bis[(5‐p‐clorophenyl)‐biguanide]) is a bisbiguanidine antiseptic, used to decrease plaque formation and to control periodontal diseases. The determination of the frequency of mitotic crossing‐over constitutes a very important method for detecting carcinogenic agents.Objective:  The recombinogenic potential of chlorhexidine digluconate was evaluated on Aspergillus nidulans by the production of cells homozygous for the following nutritional markers: riboA1, pabaA124, biA1, methA17 and pyroA4.Method:  A. nidulans was exposed to three concentrations of chlorhexidine digluconate (1, 5, and 10 μM).Results:  Inhibition of colony development, conidiophore morphological alteration (cytotoxic effect), and the recombinogenic effect, indicated by homozygotization index (HI) values higher than 2.0, were observed for all concentrations of chlorhexidine digluconate. A homozygous pyro+//pyro+ diploid strain and a diploid homozygous for the recessive w gene were isolated from UT448//A757 diploid treated with chlorhexidine digluconate, emphasazing its recombinogenic potential.Conclusion:  Although, beneficial effects of chlorhexidine, as an antiseptic agent, are reported in the literature, our results revealed that chlorhexidine digluconate, at less levels lowered those used clinically, caused toxic and recombinogenic effects on diploid A. nidulans strain.
IgA AND IgM REACTING WITH STAPHYLOCOCCAL PROTEIN A
Authors: McDowell Graham , Grov Arne , Qeding Per 
Published: August 2010

52 Acta path, microbiol. scand. Section B. 79, 6IgM in guinea pig antisera obtained 10 days after immunization with purified protein A, and IgA in human colostrum from apparently healthy mothers, reacted with protein A. These findings are consistent with antibodies to protein A having Fab‐ as well as Fc‐reactive. sites.
Carrier Diagnosis of Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy Using Fluorescent CA Repeat Polymorphism
Authors: SHIROSHITA Yoshiko , KATAYAMA Susumu 
Published: August 2010

AbstractThe diagnostic efficacy was compared between the fluorescent CA repeat polymorphism analysis and polymerase chain reaction‐restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR‐RFLP) analysis for carrier diagnosis of Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Nine females from seven pedigrees were examined. Polymorphic alleles were examined by the fluorescent labelling method in eight loci within the dystrophin gene. PCR‐RFLP analysis was performed in a total of six loci within the dystrophin gene. Carrier diagnosis could not be made in three females of two pedigrees due to an inability to detect polymorphic alleles by PCR‐RFLP. In contrast, CA repeat polymorphism analysis allowed successful carrier diagnosis in nine subjects. These findings suggest that the fluorescent CA repeat polymorphism analysis provides a simple, safe and effective alternative to PCR‐RFLP analysis for carrier diagnosis of Duchenne muscular dystrophy.
Role of Thrombophilia in Vascular Access Thrombosis Among Chronic Hemodialysis Patients in Tunisia
Authors: Fekih‐Mrissa Najiba , Klai Sarra , Bafoun Anis , Nciri Brahim , Hmida Jalel , Gritli Nasredine 
Published: August 2010

AbstractVascular access thrombosis represents a serious and common problem in hemodialysis patients. Therefore, identification of relevant thrombotic risk factors could lead to an improved antithrombotic therapy. This case control study was performed to evaluate the relationship between some thrombophilias and vascular access thrombosis in hemodialysis patients. Seventy‐eight patients undergoing dialysis (between May 2007 and September 2009) were selected as subjects. This sample was divided into two groups; a case group of 28 patients who had sustained one or more thrombotic events that resulted in vascular access failure and a control group of 50 patients, who had never had a thrombotic occlusion of a functioning permanent dialysis access. Antithrombin, protein C and protein S levels were measured. Also, both groups were tested for the factor V Leiden mutation, the prothrombin G20210A mutation, the methylene tetrahydrofolate reductase C677T and A1298C mutations. Among genetic mutations of factor V Leiden, prothrombin G20210A and methylene tetrahydrofolate reductase genes, the C677T methylene tetrahydrofolate reductase mutation was the only significant genetic cause of vascular access thrombosis (P = 0.005). Our data demonstrated a significantly increased risk of vascular access thrombosis in carriers of the C677T methylene tetrahydrofolate reductase mutation.
THE NATURE OF TOXINS PRODUCED BY BACILLUS CEREUS BIS‐59
Authors: KAMAT A. S. , NENE S. P. , NERKAR D. P. , NADKARNI G. B. 
Published: August 2010

ABSTRACTEight strains of Bacillus spp. were examined for production of toxin(s). Three strains of Bacillus cereus produced toxins lethal to mice. The culture filtrate of Bacillus cereus BIS‐59 contained two lethal toxins. One was a hemolysin and the other a nonhemolytic glycoprotein. The growth of cells in fresh beef infusion broth resulted in high toxin production, compared to growth in tryptone‐glucose‐yeast extract or nutrient broth. Separate identities for the two toxins from B. vcereus BIS‐59 were established on the basis of hemolytic activity, separation profiles on Sephadex gel filtration, responses to heat and radiation and kinetics of their production during the growth of the organism.
SURVIVAL OF VIBRIO VULNIFICUS AT REDUCED TEMPERATURES AND ELEVATED NUTRIENT
Authors: OLIVER JAMES D. , WANUCHA DONNA 
Published: August 2010

ABSTRACTStudies were conducted on the survival of the human bacterial pathogen, Vibrio vulnificus, in heart infusion broth held at 5, 10 and 15°C. Culturability was monitored by plate counts on heart infusion agar, and viability by examination of electron transport activity. Whereas V. vulnificus demonstrated growth at 15°C, a rapid loss of culturability for cells held at the lower temperatures was observed. At all temperatures, however, a significant portion of the population was found to remain viable over the 28 day study period. The ability of V. vulnificus cells to metabolize exogenously supplied nutrient at reduced temperatures was also examined as an indicator of viability. Cells were able to rapidly take up and respire mixed amino acids at 9 and 13°C, whereas cells incubated at 2°C showed relatively little metabolism of the labeled substrates. Like the growth and viability study, the radiotracer study indicates survival of V. vulnificus at reduced temperatures, although with reduced rates of activity. The possible implications of these findings for the transport and storage of shellfish is discussed.
COMBINED EFFECT OF OSMOTIC PRESSURE AND SONICATION ON THE REDUCTION OF SALMONELLA SPP. IN CONCENTRATED ORANGE JUICE
Authors: WONG E. , PÉREZ A.M. , VAILLANT F. 
Published: August 2010

ABSTRACT The effect of osmotic pressure alone or combined with the application of sonication on the reduction of Salmonella spp. in concentrated orange juice was evaluated. Frozen concentrated orange juice (12.6 MPa, pH = 3.2), a neutral sugar solution (9.2 MPa, pH = 6.6) and an acid sugar solution (8.8 MPa, pH = 3.2) were inoculated with Salmonella spp. (6–7 log cfu/mL). Reductions were measured after different storage times with or without previous sonication treatment of 1 h (42 KHz–330W). No significant osmotic shock was observed. Reductions appeared to increase over storage time in high osmotic environments. Reductions were also significantly higher for sonicated samples when compared with nonsonicated samples. The highest reduction (7.21 log cfu/mL) was found for concentrated orange juice sonicated during 60 min and stored for 168 h. Combination of sonication and osmotic evaporation (osmosonication) represents a promising new technology that could be designed to athermally produce safe, concentrated fruit juices.PRACTICAL APPLICATIONSThe results derived from this research indicate that combining sonication with osmotic pressure during storage of concentrated orange juice provides a way of achieving a >5‐log reduction of Salmonella spp. A new promising technology that we call “osmosonication” could be developed, using sonication and osmotic evaporation combined, to athermally process fruit juices. Besides the nutritional and sensory benefits already known to be provided by athermal processes, final products would also be safe for the consumer.
UTILIZATION OF JAPANESE AROMATIC SUBSTANCES FOR MILK PRESERVATION AS ESTIMATED BY VAPOR CONTACT METHOD
Authors: KHUSNIATI T. , KIM W.‐S. , YANAGISAWA S. , KUMURA H. , SHIMAZAKI K. 
Published: August 2010

ABSTRACT In order to study the possibility of utilizing aromatic materials for the preservation of milk, the antibacterial effects of various aromatic materials against Pseudomonas fluorescens inoculated in milk were investigated. The effects of aromatic materials were generated using the “vapor contact method” and bacterial growth was measured by the menadione‐catalyzed luminol chemiluminescence method. Wasabi (Wasabi japonica) and mustard (Brassica nigra L.) were found to be more effective than garlic (Allium sativum L.), ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe), sansho (Zanthoxylum piperitum) and peppermint (Mentha piperita). In addition to these materials, four types of commercially available food preservation sheets were tested for antibacterial activity. Sheets containing mustard extracts showed stronger antibacterial activities. Eucalyptus extract‐treated sheets showed a moderate effect.PRACTICAL APPLICATIONSThe vapor contact method was advantageous when compared with the direct contact method, as the flavor of the milk was affected little by the aromatic substances. This study suggests that aromatic materials can be used to preserve milk in areas where milk quality is low or sanitary conditions are insufficient. Experimental results of food preservation sheets suggest that such technique can be applied for package of dairy foods, too.
SENSORY ANALYSIS COMPARISON OF EIGHT BISCUITS BY FRENCH AND PAKISTANI PANELS
Authors: PAGÈS JÉRÔME , BERTRAND CECILE , ALI RASHIDA , HUSSON FRANÇOIS , LÊ SÉBASTIEN 
Published: August 2010

ABSTRACT A set of eight biscuits from France and Pakistan have been evaluated in these two countries from a descriptive and a hedonic point of view. Two panels of assessors have provided sensory profiles, separately but working in a similar manner. Two sets of consumers have provided hedonic scores. In order to compare these results, methods based on analysis of variance and multiple factor analysis have been defined. The comparison of the sensory profiles obtained in the two countries shows a convergence which argues in favor to say that it is not necessary to perform sensory profiling in every country where the products have to be sold. On the contrary, the comparison of hedonic scores showed not only the different trends in the two countries but also consumers from the two countries who like and dislike the same products. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONSThis work reinforces the idea according to which it is possible to carry out descriptive sensory evaluations by tasters not belonging to the market targeted. It illustrates some inherent difficulties with the collection of sensory evaluations carried out in different countries as well as a methodology for analyzing such data; in particular, we proposed grids of analyses, models of variance analysis, tables of syntheses and factorial methods adapted to this type of data. On the level of hedonic judgments, the dangers not to collect data from the targeted market are illustrated; moreover, we propose a methodology for analyzing hedonic judgments obtained from two populations.
FOXO transcription factors in ageing and cancer
Authors: Greer E. L. , Brunet A. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractAgeing is associated with an increased onset of cancer. Understanding the molecular mechanisms that underlie the age dependency of cancer will have important implications for preventing and treating this pathology. The signalling pathway connecting insulin and FOXO transcription factors provides the most compelling example for a conserved genetic pathway at the interface between ageing and cancer. FOXO transcription factors (FOXO) promote longevity and tumour suppression. FOXO transcription factors are directly phosphorylated in response to insulin/growth factor signalling by the protein kinase Akt, thereby causing their sequestration in the cytoplasm. In the absence of insulin/growth factors, FOXO factors translocate to the nucleus where they trigger a range of cellular responses, including resistance to oxidative stress, a phenotype highly coupled with lifespan extension. FOXO factors integrate stress stimuli via phosphorylation, acetylation and mono‐ubiquitination of a series of regulatory sites. Understanding how FOXO proteins integrate environmental conditions to control specific gene expression programmes will be pivotal in identifying ways to slow the onset of cancer in ageing individuals.
RNAi screens reveal novel metabolic regulators: RIP140, MAP4k4 and the lipid droplet associated fat specific protein (FSP) 27
Authors: Puri V. , Virbasius J. V. , Guilherme A. , Czech M. P. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractAdipose tissue modulates whole body metabolism and insulin sensitivity by controlling circulating lipid levels and producing molecules that can regulate fatty acid metabolism in such tissues as muscle and liver. We have developed RNA interference (RNAi) screens to identify genes in cultured adipocytes that regulate insulin signalling and key metabolic pathways. These short interfering RNA (siRNA)‐based screens identified the transcriptional corepressor receptor interacting protein 140 (RIP140) (J Clin Invest116: 125, 2006) and the mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAP4k4) (Proc Natl Acad Sci USA103: 2087, 2006) as negative regulators of insulin‐responsive hexose uptake and oxidative metabolism. Gene expression profiling revealed that RIP140 depletion upregulates the expression of clusters of genes in the pathways of glucose uptake, glycolysis, tricarboxylic acid cycle, fatty acid oxidation, mitochondrial biogenesis and oxidative phosphorylation. RIP140‐null mice resist weight gain on a high‐fat diet and display enhanced glucose tolerance. MAP4k4 depletion in adipocytes increases many of the RIP140‐sensitive genes, increases adipogenesis and mediates some actions of tumour necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α). Remarkably, another hit in our RNAi screens was fat specific protein 27 (FSP27), a highly expressed isoform of Cidea. We discovered that FSP27 unexpectedly associates specifically with lipid droplets and regulates fat storage. We conclude that RIP140, MAP4k4 and the novel lipid droplet protein FSP27 are powerful regulators of adipose tissue metabolism and are potential therapeutic targets for controlling metabolic disease. The discovery of these novel proteins validates the power of RNAi screening for discovery of new therapeutic approaches to type 2 diabetes and obesity.
Cytoplasmic organelles determine complexity and specificity of calcium signalling in adrenal chromaffin cells
Authors: García‐Sancho J. , Verkhratsky A. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractComplex and coordinated fluctuations of intracellular free Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]c) regulate secretion of adrenaline from chromaffin cells. The physiologically relevant intracellular Ca2+ signals occur either as localized microdomains of high Ca2+ concentrations or as propagating Ca2+ waves, which give rise to global Ca2+ elevations. Intracellular organelles, the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), mitochondria and nuclear envelope, are endowed with powerful Ca2+ transport systems. Calcium uptake and Ca2+ release from these organelles determine the spatial and temporal parameters of Ca2+ signalling events. Furthermore, the ER and mitochondria form close relations with the sites of plasmalemmal Ca2+ entry, creating ‘Ca2+ signalling triads’ which act as elementary operational units, which regulate exocytosis. Ca2+ ions accumulating in the ER and mitochondria integrate exocytotic activity with energy production and protein synthesis.
Folk Wisdom About the Effects of Relationship Conflict
Authors: Sanchez‐Burks Jeffrey , Neuman Eric J. , Ybarra Oscar , Kopelman Shirli , Park Hyekyung , Goh Karen 
Published: August 2010

AbstractThree experiments examined cultural differences and similarities in folk wisdom about the effects of perceived conflict. In Study 1, Americans exhibited an optimistic bias relative to East Asians in their beliefs about perceived relationship conflict, but not conflict in general. Study 2 suggests that these findings cannot be accounted for by cultural differences in perceptions about the distinction, or lack thereof, between relationship and task‐focused forms of conflict. Furthermore, the results demonstrated an interaction effect such that both groups prefer to address and resolve perceived task conflict proactively, whereas only European Americans perceive that it is relatively unnecessary to address relationship conflict to achieve task performance. Study 3 suggests that these cultural patterns have behavioral implications, such that Americans were more likely than East Asians to join a talented group likely to experience relationship conflict. Together, these results suggest novel implications for intragroup dynamics in intercultural contexts.