bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Learner-Centered Diabetes Management Curriculum
Authors: DeSalvo Daniel J. , Greenberg Larrie W. , Henderson Celia L. , Cogen Fran R. 
Published: August 2012

OBJECTIVE
Diabetes errors, particularly insulin administration errors, can lead to complications and death in the pediatric inpatient setting. Despite a lecture-format curriculum on diabetes management at our children’s hospital, resident diabetes-related errors persisted. We hypothesized that a multifaceted, learner-centered diabetes curriculum would help reduce pathway errors.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
The 8-week curricular intervention consisted of 1) an online tutorial addressing residents’ baseline diabetes management knowledge, 2) an interactive diabetes pathway discussion, 3) a learner-initiated diabetes question and answer session, and 4) a case presentation featuring embedded pathway errors for residents to recognize, resolve, and prevent. Errors in the 9 months before the intervention, as identified through an incident reporting system, were compared with those in the 10 months afterward, with errors classified as relating to insulin, communication, intravenous fluids, nutrition, and discharge delay.

RESULTS
Before the curricular intervention, resident errors occurred in 28 patients (19.4% of 144 diabetes admissions) over 9 months. After the intervention, resident errors occurred in 11 patients (6.6% of 166 diabetes admissions) over 10 months, representing a statistically significant (P = 0.0007) decrease in patients with errors from before intervention to after intervention. Throughout the study, the errors were distributed into the categories as follows: insulin, 43.8%; communication, 39.6%; intravenous fluids, 14.6%; nutrition, 0%; and discharge delay, 2.1%.

CONCLUSIONS
An interactive learner-centered diabetes curriculum for pediatric residents can be effective in reducing inpatient diabetes errors in a tertiary children’s hospital. This educational model promoting proactive learning has implications for decreasing errors across other medical disciplines.
Equilibrium and dynamical behavior in the Vicsek model for self-propelled particles under shear
Authors: Saracco Gustavo , Gonnella Giuseppe , Marenduzzo Davide , Orlandini Enzo 
Published: August 2012

Abstract
The effects of an externally imposed linear shear profile in the Vicsek model of self-propelled particles is investigated via computer simulations. We find that the applied field changes in a relevant way both the equilibrium and dynamical properties of the original model. Indeed, short time dynamics analysis shows that the order-disordered phase transition disappears under shear, because the flow acts as a symmetry breaking field. Moreover, the coarsening of particle domains is arrested at a characteristic length-scale inversely proportional to shear rate. A generalization of the original Vicsek model where the velocity of particles depends on the local value of the density is also introduced and shows to affect the domain formation.
Status of lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzymes in goats naturally infected with Babesia ovis
Authors: Esmaeilnejad Bijan , Tavassoli Mousa , Asri-Rezaei Siamak , Dalir-Naghadeh Bahram , Malekinejad Hassan 
Published: August 2012

AbstractThis study aimed to assess lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzymes in goats naturally infected with Babesia ovis. Red blood cell count (RBC), hemoglobin (Hb) concentration, packed cell volume (PCV), malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration, erythrocyte superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), catalase (CAT) activities and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) were determined in 15 goats naturally infected with B. ovis as well as same number of healthy goats. The parasitological diagnosis was confirmed using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis by amplifying a partial 18S rRNA gene sequence of B. ovis. Percentage of parasitemia varied from 0.01 to 1%. The activities of erythrocyte GSH-Px, SOD, CAT and TAC were significantly lower (p<0.05) in the infected goats than in healthy ones. MDA concentration in erythrocytes of infected goats was significantly higher in infected goats than in healthy ones (pš0.05). Severity of parasitemia showed a positive correlation with the MDA and negative correlation with PCV, SOD, CAT, GSH-Px and TAC. Also, MDA was negatively correlated with PCV, SOD, CAT, GSH-Px and TAC. The results of this study suggested that oxidative damage to RBCs may contribute to the pathogenesis of anemia in caprine babesiosis.
New genetic lineages, host associations and circulation pathways of Neorickettsia endosymbionts of digeneans
Authors: Tkach Vasyl , Schroeder Jay , Greiman Stephen , Vaughan Jefferson 
Published: August 2012

AbstractNeorickettsia is a genus of intracellular bacteria endosymbiotic in digeneans that may also invade cells of vertebrates and are known to cause diseases of wildlife and humans. Herein, we report results of screening for Neorickettsia of an extensive collection of DNA extracts from adult and larval digeneans obtained from various vertebrates and mollusks in the United States. Seven isolates of Neorickettsia were detected by PCR and sequenced targeting a 527 bp long region of 16S rRNA. Sequence comparison and phylogenetic analysis demonstrated that four isolates matched published sequences of Neorickettsia risticii. Three other isolates, provisionally named “catfish agents 1 and 2” (obtained from Megalogonia ictaluri and Phyllodistomum lacustri, both parasitic in catfishes) and Neorickettsia sp. (obtained from cercariae of Diplostomum sp.), differed from previously known genotypes of Neorickettsia and are likely candidates for new species. All 7 isolates of Neorickettsia were obtained from digenean species and genera that were not previously reported as hosts of these bacteria. Members of four digenean families (Dicrocoeliidae, Heronimidae, Macroderoididae and Gorgoderidae) are reported as hosts of Neorickettsia for the first time. Our study reveals several new pathways of Neorickettsia circulation in nature. We have found for the first time a Neorickettsia from a digenean (dicrocoeliid Conspicuum icteridorum) with an entirely terrestrial life cycle. We found N. risticii in digeneans (Alloglossidium corti and Heronimus mollis) with entirely aquatic life cycles. Previously, this Neorickettsia species was known only from digeneans with aquatic/terrestrial life cycles. Our results suggest that our current knowledge of the diversity, host associations and circulation of neorickettsiae is far from satisfactory.
A reliable iterative method for solving the time-dependent singular Emden-Fowler equations
Authors: Wazwaz Abdul-Majid 
Published: August 2012

Abstract
Many problems of physical sciences and engineering are modelled by singular boundary value problems. In this paper, the variational iteration method (VIM) is used to study the time-dependent singular Emden-Fowler equations. This method overcomes the difficulties of singularity behavior. The VIM reveals quite a number of features over numerical methods that make it helpful for singular and nonsingular equations. The work is supported by analyzing few examples where the convergence of the results is observed.
Surface tension and density of liquid Sn–Ag–Cu alloys
Authors: Fima Przemysław 
Published: August 2012

Abstract
The surface tension and density of Sn-Ag-Cu alloys, lying along two cross-sections of silver to copper molar ratios equal to 1 and 7/3, were studied. Sessile drop measurements were carried out over a broad temperature range. It was found that both surface tension and density decrease with increasing concentration of Sn. With the increase in temperature, the density decreases linearly for all compositions, whereas the surface tension shows linear and curvilinear dependence for different compositions. The results are compared with literature data obtained with a different technique and the results of model calculations. Relatively good agreement is observed between the models and experimental data.
Experimental Flow Visualization and Residence Time Distributions in a Co-Kneader
Authors: Brito-Bazan M. , Fradette L. , Tanguy P. A. 
Published: August 2012

Abstract
Flow patterns and residence time distributions have been investigated in a transparent laboratory-scale Co-Kneader with a viscous fluid and different combinations of operating conditions. An image analysis technique, already successfully applied in stirred tanks, has been applied here for the first time in a continuous system. The flow visualization results are presented as mixing curves, which show quantitatively the evolution of the macromixing along the Co-Kneader. It has been found that the image analysis technique gives new insight into the mixing mechanism of the Co-Kneader and may be used as a simple experimental method to quantify the degree of backmixing. Residence time distributions have been used to obtain axial dispersion coefficients. A comparison of the cumulative distribution functions between different systems is also presented.
« Voir le tocsin ». À propos de l'« estrangement »
Authors: Borderie Régine 
Published: August 2012

Dans un passage de Quatrevingt-treize , Hugo confronte Lantenac à une énigme : le personnageregarde des clochers s’emplir et se vider sans rien entendre, il « voi[t] le tocsin ». On aborde cet extrait à partir d’un texte de C. Ginzburg sur l’« estrangement ». L’historien met au jour les racines stoïciennes de ce procédé littéraire, et il en expose un avatar proustien, à visée moins satirique qu’esthétique, dont il veut tirer parti pour sa discipline. On montre l’intérêt, dans un roman historique, du recours à l’« estrangement » qui passe par une dissociation et une valorisation des sens. Et l’on dégage la spécificité du procédé dans l’extrait. Elle tient surtout à sa fonction : il s’agit d’intriguer, d’inquiéter le lecteur. Trois et non deux types d’« estrangement » s’imposent donc, satirique, esthétique, dramatique ; ils peuvent être identifiés dans la littérature du XIX e siècle.
Diversity and phenology of the generalist predator community in apple orchards of Central Washington State (Insecta, Araneae)
Authors: Horton David R. , Miliczky Eugene R. , Jones Vincent P. , Baker Callie C. , Unruh Thomas R. 
Published: August 2012

AbstractPredatory insects and spiders were collected from apple orchards in two geographic regions of Central Washington State, United States of America to assess seasonal phenology and diversity of the generalist predator community. Arthropods were collected from orchard canopy every 3–7 days over two growing seasons (March–October) at seven organically managed and two insecticide-free orchards. Over 35 000 specimens and 80 species of spiders (Araneae), ladybeetles (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae), lacewings (Neuroptera), and predatory true bugs (Hemiptera) were collected. Composition of insect and spider communities differed between the two geographic regions. Indicator species analysis identified several species that had a significant association with one of the two regions. Counts of the most common taxa were examined in detail on a calendar date basis to determine seasonal phenology of adult and immature stages. We observed substantial differences among taxa in number of generations, seasonal timing of first appearance in orchards, overwintering stages, and seasonal occurrence of the adult and immature life stages in orchards. Understanding seasonal phenology of natural enemies in orchards is a core requirement in integrated pest management programs for apple pests, and results of this study provide this information for the generalist predator community of orchards in the Pacific Northwest.
Enhanced Tim3 Activity Improves Survival after Influenza Infection
Authors: Cho Josalyn L. , Roche Marly I. , Sandall Barry , Brass Abraham L. , Seed Brian , Xavier Ramnik J. , Medoff Benjamin D. 
Published: August 2012

Abstract
Influenza is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in the United States. Studies have shown that excessive T cell activity can mediate pneumonitis in the setting of influenza infection, and data from the 2009 H1N1 pandemic indicate that critical illness and respiratory failure postinfection were associated with greater infiltration of the lungs with CD8+ T cells. T cell Ig and mucin domain 3 (Tim3) is a negative regulator of Th1/Tc1-type immune responses. Activation of Tim3 on effector T cells has been shown to downregulate proliferation, cell-mediated cytotoxicity, and IFN-γ production, as well as induce apoptosis. In this article, we demonstrate that deletion of the terminal cytoplasmic domain of the Tim3 gene potentiates its ability to downregulate Tc1 inflammation, and that this enhanced Tim3 activity is associated with decreased phosphorylation of the TCR–CD3ζ-chain. We then show that mice with this Tim3 mutation infected with influenza are protected from morbidity and mortality without impairment in viral clearance or functional heterotypic immunity. This protection is associated with decreased CD8+ T cell proliferation and decreased production of inflammatory cytokines, including IFN-γ. Furthermore, the Tim3 mutation was protective against mortality in a CD8+ T cell-specific model of pneumonitis. These data suggest that Tim3 could be targeted to prevent immunopathology during influenza infection and demonstrate a potentially novel signaling mechanism used by Tim3 to downregulate the Tc1 response.
Globosides but Not Isoglobosides Can Impact the Development of Invariant NKT Cells and Their Interaction with Dendritic Cells
Authors: Porubsky Stefan , Speak Anneliese O. , Salio Mariolina , Jennemann Richard , Bonrouhi Mahnaz , Zafarulla Rashad , Singh Yogesh , Dyson Julian , Luckow Bruno , Lehuen Agnes , Malle Ernst , Müthing Johannes , Platt Frances M. , Cerundolo Vincenzo , Gröne Hermann-Josef 
Published: August 2012

Abstract
Recognition of endogenous lipid Ag(s) on CD1d is required for the development of invariant NKT (iNKT) cells. Isoglobotrihexosylceramide (iGb3) has been implicated as this endogenous selecting ligand and recently suggested to control overstimulation and deletion of iNKT cells in α-galactosidase A-deficient (αGalA−/−) mice (human Fabry disease), which accumulate isoglobosides and globosides. However, the presence and function of iGb3 in murine thymus remained controversial. In this study, we generate a globotrihexosylceramide (Gb3)‑synthase-deficient (Gb3S−/−) mouse and show that in thymi of αGalA−/−/Gb3S−/− double-knockout mice, which store isoglobosides but no globosides, minute amounts of iGb3 can be detected by HPLC. Furthermore, we demonstrate that iGb3 deficiency does not only fail to impact selection of iNKT cells, in terms of frequency and absolute numbers, but also does not alter the distribution of the TCR CDR 3 of iNKT cells. Analyzing multiple gene-targeted mouse strains, we demonstrate that globoside, rather than iGb3, storage is the major cause for reduced iNKT cell frequencies and defective Ag presentation in αGalA−/− mice. Finally, we show that correction of globoside storage in αGalA−/− mice by crossing them with Gb3S−/− normalizes iNKT cell frequencies and dendritic cell (DC) function. We conclude that, although detectable in murine thymus in αGalA−/−/Gb3S−/− mice, iGb3 does not influence either the development of iNKT cells or their interaction with peripheral DCs. Moreover, in αGalA−/− mice, it is the Gb3 storage that is responsible for the decreased iNKT cell numbers and impeded Ag presentation on DCs.
2‐D Gel‐Based Proteomic Approaches to Antibiotic Drug Discovery
Authors: Raatschen Nadja , Elisabeth Bandow Julia 
Published: August 2012

AbstractThe global analysis of changes in the protein composition of bacterial cells in response to treatment with antibiotic agents grants insights into the physiological response of cells to inhibition of vital cellular functions. This unit gives an overview of how global proteomic studies can impact antibacterial drug discovery by identifying or validating compound mechanism of action and by increasing the confidence in the value of genes with unknown function as potential new targets. It describes the design and function of a reference compendium of proteomic responses to inhibition of vital cellular functions through antibacterial agents or genetic down‐regulation of potential target genes. An overview of the workflow for two‐dimensional gel electrophoresis‐based experiments is also presented. Curr. Protoc. Microbiol. 26:1F.2.1‐1F.2.16. © 2012 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Isolation and Classification of Bdellovibrio and Like Organisms
Authors: Jurkevitch Edouard 
Published: August 2012

AbstractBdellovibrio and like organisms (BALOs) are obligate predators of Gram‐negative bacteria. BALOs are isolated as plaques growing at the expense of their prey and are cultivated as two‐member cultures. The growth cycle is composed of an extracellular attack phase and an intraperiplasmic elongation and replication phase. However, there are methods for obtaining host‐independent (HI) mutants that grow without prey on rich media. BALOs are commonly found in the environment but generally constitute small populations; therefore, their isolation may require enrichment steps. Contamination by other bacteria during isolation necessitates efficient separation between the smaller BALO cells from the majority of larger bacteria. BALOs can also be directly detected and quantified in environmental samples using specific PCR. Synchronous cultures of both wild‐type and HI derivatives can be obtained to study the different growth phases. These can be further separated by centrifugation. Classification is based on 16S rDNA analysis. Protocols relevant to these aspects of BALO detection, isolation, growth, classification, and quantitation are presented in this unit. Curr. Protoc. Microbiol. 26:7B.1.1‐7B.1.20. © 2012 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Comparative phototransformation of environmental pollutants using metallophthalocyanines supported on electrospun polymer fibers
Authors: Zugle Ruphino , Nyokong Tebello 
Published: August 2012

AbstractThe fluorescence and photoactivity of a series of Zn and Lu phthalocyanine complexes incorporated in various polymer fibers were investigated for the phototransformation of 4‐chlorophenol, 4‐nitrophenol, and methyl orange. The phthalocyanine complexes functionalized on polystyrene and polysulfone polymer fibers could be applied in the degradation of 4‐chlorophenol, 4‐nitrophenol, and methyl orange with 4‐chlorophenol being much more susceptible to degradation while methyl orange was the least. Also polymer fibers of polystyrene were found to be reusable. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013
Final Arrangements Following Death: Maori Indigenous Decision Making and Tangi
Authors: Nikora Linda Waimarie , Masters‐Awatere Bridgette , Awekotuku Ngahuia Te 
Published: August 2012

ABSTRACTDeath is a universal event. It will happen to all of us, yet how we respond to death is particular and influenced by our cultural worlds. This study offers an investigation of the idiographic, of how one woman responded to, and made arrangements to, mourn and bury her mother. Specifically, we explore how she and her whanau (family) under pressure of time and grief and in the absence of clear final wishes met to consider issues and make decisions about the situation they were confronted with. This case forms part of a much larger programme of research into Maori death rituals, change and adaption. Informing a scholarly audience unfamiliar with the Maori world requires a significant amount of contextual information. The case study is a powerful strategy to achieve this and one that draws readers into deep understanding (Willig, 2008). This case provides insight into the struggles of an indigenous fourth‐world people living within the heterogeneity of Aotearoa/New Zealand society; it demonstrates how values change across generations as people live their lives increasingly away from their ancestral homelands and how traditionally defined roles and responsibilities within the whanau (family) are challenged by members living away from each other. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Case‐based Research in Community and Social Psychology: Introduction to the Special Issue
Authors: Hodgetts Darrin James , Stolte Ottilie Emma Elisabeth 
Published: August 2012

ABSTRACTCases are highly prevalent in teaching and practice in psychology. Case‐based research is crucial for engaged and relevant community and applied social psychologies, but is often subject to critique. This editorial responds to such critiques, clarifies various misconceptions regarding this research strategy, and argues for the utility of case‐based research. We explore the theoretical basis and implications of case‐based research for community action and participative interventions. This special issue offers a collection of articles that showcase the use of a range of methods in case‐based research. Contributions include: (i) a conceptual argument regarding the logic of case studies; (ii) a single‐person case study; (iii) a group‐level case study; (iv) a multi‐site case study, (v) a reflection on challenges of participative research, using the action‐researcher as the case. These contributions demonstrate how the use of exemplars is crucial for community and applied social psychologists developing knowledge about social issues in complex and diverse societies, with a view to improving the human condition. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
ChemInform Abstract: Complex GdSc1‐xInxO3 Oxides: Synthesis and Structure Driven Tunable Electrical Properties.
Authors: Grover V. , Shukla R. , Jain D. , Deshpande S. K. , Arya A. , Pillai C. G. S. , Tyagi A. K. 
Published: August 2012

AbstractThe title compounds (0.0 ≤ x ≤ 1.0) are prepared by solid state reaction of stoichiometric mixtures of Gd2O3, Sc2O3, and In2O3 (1200, 1300, and 1400 °C for 24 h each), and by gel combustion synthesis using glycine as fuel followed by annealing at 850 °C for 6 h.
ChemInform Abstract: Hierarchical Hydroxyapatite Microspheres Composed of Nanorods and Their Competitive Sorption Behavior for Heavy Metal Ions.
Authors: Zhu Ronghai , Lai Xiaoyong , Halpert Jonathan E. , Yu Ranbo , Wang Dan 
Published: August 2012

AbstractCa10(PO4)6(OH)2 microspheres composed of nanorods are synthesized from a buffered aqueous solution of (NH4)2HPO4, Ca(NO3)2, and NH3 (80 °C, 24 h).
ChemInform Abstract: Photolysis of Aqueous [Os(NH3)5(N2)]2+. Photoreduction of Coordinated Dinitrogen to Hydrazine as a Model for a New Type of Artificial Photosynthesis?
Authors: Kunkely Horst , Vogler Arnd 
Published: August 2012

AbstractThe photolysis of aqueous [Os(NH3)5(N2)]2+ in the absence of oxygen leads to the reduction of the N2 ligand and to the formation of N2H4.
ChemInform Abstract: Solvothermal Synthesis and Luminescence Properties of BaCeF5, and BaCeF5:Tb3+ Nanocrystals.
Authors: Sheng Tianqi , Fu Zuoling , Wang Jing , Fu Xihong , Yu Yingning , Zhou Shihong , Zhang Siyuan , Dai Zhenwen 
Published: August 2012

AbstractNanocrystals of the title compounds are prepared by a citric acid assisted solvothermal method starting with isopropyl alcohol solutions containing Ce(NO3)3, NH4F, BaCO3, citric acid, and Tb(NO3)3 (autoclave, 180 °C, 12 h).
ChemInform Abstract: Layered Graphitic Carbon Host Formation During Liquid‐Free Solid State Growth of Metal Pyrophosphates.
Authors: Diaz Carlos , Valenzuela Maria Luisa , Lavayen Vladimir , O'Dwyer Colm 
Published: August 2012

AbstractSingle crystals of Mn2P2O7 are formed in the absence of any solvent by solid state pyrolysis of precursor (I) (250—800 °C).
ChemInform Abstract: 3d Metal Ions in Highly Unusual Eight‐Coordination: The Phosphate‐Capped Dodecapalladate(II) Nanocube.
Authors: Kortz Ulrich , et al. et al. 
Published: August 2012

AbstractCompounds (III), (V), (VII), and (IX) are characterized by single crystal XRD, 31P NMR, and EPR spectroscopy.