bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A systematic review of the cognitive functioning of natural environments
Authors: Nanda Satyajeet , Bagaria Onkar , Sharma Poonam , Jain Kshipra 
Published: April 2024

The impact of nature on youngsters and school children cognitive functioning is a field of research and study that looks at how exposure to natural environments can impact the cognitive abilities and development of youngsters. There has been a recent uptick in curiosity on the ways in which natural settings in educational ones influence the process of learning. This study demonstrates how nature has the ability to lessen cognitive overload, relieve stress and improve general well-being, thereby fostering an environment conducive to effective learning. It does this by using a PRISMA guided systematic approach to evaluate the impact of nature treatments on the cognitive performance of young people. There were found to be 560 different journal papers. First, the papers were screened based on their titles, which totaled 250 and the remaining articles were evaluated based on their abstracts, which totaled 35. Due to the title-abstract screening technique, 35 publications progressed to the next phase of full-article assessment. After deleting duplicates, ten articles were selected for a comprehensive review. The research investigates the effect of nature exposure on cognitive capabilities in children and emphasizing the potential advantages for children of abilities. It examines whether socioeconomic position influences the connection between nature and cognitive performance, highlighting the significance of access to natural surroundings for people of the socioeconomic backgrounds. The review focuses on nature's potential beneficial effect on cognitive domains and the methods by which nature-based experiences might improve cognitive development in children. The findings of the systematic review propose that cultivating a stronger bond between young individuals and the natural environment in educational contexts can lead to enhanced cognitive abilities. Educational institutions in a prime position can provide nature-infused educational experiences that not only alleviate cognitive strain and stress but also foster overall well-being and facilitate improved learning outcomes.
Examining energy democracy and energy citizenship in advancing participatory energy transitions: A comprehensive review
Authors: Srinivasa Rao Kandragula Seethapathi , Isarani Lehar , Kumar Gandharve , Jain Kshipra 
Published: April 2024

The worldwide issues of climate change and energy access have pushed the transition to sustainable and equitable systems of energy to the forefront of global awareness. Energy democracy is a term used by the movement for environmental justice that unites the shift to renewable energy sources with initiatives to democratize energy resource production and control. Citizenship in the energy sector entails the ability to engage in systems of energy as well as positively influence the energy transition. The energy transition is related to the worldwide transformation of the energy sector from dependence on fossil fuels, such as oil, natural gas, and coal, to the use of renewable energy sources including solar as well as wind power, and the adoption of lithium-ion batteries. To give a comprehensive grasp of the concept of energy citizenship and democracy, this review investigates a wide range of studies, policy assessments, and theoretical frameworks. Data accessibility, cultural differences in involvement, and the difficulty of balancing the interests of many stakeholders in accomplishing and sustainable energy transitions might be its main obstacles. Here, we utilized safe, sustainable, affordable energy systems in energy democracy and various modes of Participatory Energy Transitions (PEDs) in energy citizenship. Then, using PEDs as a tool in urban energy transition. Energy democracy in social groups, India's energy citizenship, and energy transition in India are the obtained results. The review highlights the significance of education, awareness, and inclusiveness in advancing energy democracy and citizenship. As a conclusion, this study makes a significant contribution to the expanding canon on energy transition by analyzing and synthesizing the core ideas behind energy citizenship and energy democracy.
DETERMINATION OF THE AMOUNT OF LOAD ON PROTECTIVE STRUCTURES OF CIVIL DEFENSE AGAINST THE INFLUENCE OF A SHOCK WAVE ACCORDING TO DBN V.2.2-5:2023
Authors: Skoruk Leonid , Zhuravskyi Oleksandr 
Published: April 2024

The main types of explosions and their differences between each other are considered, as well as the difference in excess pressure in the air shock wave is shown. The definition of the calculated load on various load-bearing elements depending on the type of building, its location and structural inhomogeneities of building structures according to DBN B.2.2-5:20023 [1] is given.
One of the extreme effects, the danger of which must be taken into account when designing protective structures of civil protection, is an external explosion, which can be caused by both man-made and military factors. The explosion generates a whole complex of loads and impacts.
The pressure at the front of the air shock wave, as well as the duration of the compression and rarefaction phases, depend on the amount of explosives and the distance to the center of the explosion or cloud boundary. In general, a detonation explosion is characterized by the possibility of significant pressure on the front of the air shock wave and the short duration of the action (tenths and even hundredths of a second).
The air shock wave, when interacting with the structure, affects its above-ground and underground parts. This process is complex: at the beginning of the interaction process, the air shock wave affects the external structures of the above-ground part of the building and the surface of the soil in front of the building, causing a compression wave in it, which, in turn, affects the front outer face of the underground part. Further, the air shock wave, passing through the structural inhomogeneities of building structures in the form of window and door openings, affects the internal load-bearing and non-load-bearing structures of the building, as well as the covering of the underground part. At the same time, compression waves in the soil affect the side and rear walls of the underground part.
KEY ECONOMIC, MANAGERIAL AND INSTITUTIONAL IMPERATIVES OF THE CONSTRUCTION SECTOR DEVELOPMENT IN THE CONTEXT OF EUROPEAN INTEGRATION
Authors: Mostovenko Oleksii , Laposha Dmytro , Gerashchenko Olena , Fedorova Yana , Chernenko Maksym , Ryzhakova Galyna 
Published: April 2024

European integration is the main and unchanging foreign policy priority of Ukraine, and further development and deepening of relations between Ukraine and the EU is based on the principles of political association and economic integration. In the context of the formation, development and improvement of the phenomenology of democratic legal statehood, permanent parademocratic and metademocratic processes of tactical and strategic nature emerge and intensify, as well as purely democratic trends are formed, which are determined by these processes, which permanently stimulate the relevant phenomenology, emphasizing its potential and promising opportunities, as well as new forms of communication interaction and fairly productive cooperation - full-fledged subjects of law. The construction sector is one of the basic sectors of the economy of every country in the world. The level of its development has a significant impact on the economic security of the state. The participation of construction in many socio-economic processes and its interconnection with all sectors of the economy make it an important component of the country's economic growth. The construction sector meets the primary physiological needs of society for housing and protection. The fund-forming function provides fixed assets (buildings and structures) to private, state, and municipal entities of all types of economic activity. At the same time, markets for capital, goods and services, and labor resources are formed; commercial, transport, and socio-cultural infrastructure is developed. It is established that the growth of the construction industry inevitably leads to the emergence of the necessary conditions for the country's economic development and the solution of many social problems. The article suggests ways to improve the economic condition of the construction industry and construction enterprises.
Finding the Optimal Allocation of Checkpoints Using the Dynamic Programming method
Authors: Aziz Dawood Ahmed , Saad Khalaf Wakas , Wah June Leong 
Published: April 2024

This research aims to use the competent mathematical method through which it is possible to find the best allocation for the main checkpoints in one of the Iraqi Governorates, which contains 17 administrative units. The Dynamic Programming (DP) method and the method of background calculations were used for this method. The problem of the research lies in the fact that many administrative units in this governorate are subjected to organized attacks by terrorist gangs, which lead to the loss of the lives of many citizens, security forces, as well as private and public properties for them. The security reality of some administrative units requires a set of important data through which the best solutions are found to preserve these administrative units from terrorist and criminal operations and incidents. Therefore, this research focused on the use of one of the important scientific methods, the DP method, to find the Optimal Allocation (OA) of checkpoints in those administrative units, which hopefully contributes to reducing terrorist attacks, breaches, and other criminal incidents. The researchers used the checklist, which contains many questions that were asked of some civilians and state employees. The results proved to us that the proposed allocation will lead to an increase in the population density in the governorate by about 38 thousand people through the reallocation of checkpoints to administrative units, as some of them need to reduce the number of checkpoints and others need to increase the number of checkpoints. The used program is Excel.

Paper type: Research Paper
The Effect of Strategic Containment on Organizational Brilliance : An Analytical Research in Ur State Company
Authors: Kadhim Zrar Ibtisam , Abd Al Wadud Al-Abbasi Adel 
Published: April 2024

The current research aims to demonstrate the relationship and impact between strategic containment and its dimensions (adopting alternatives, facilitating adaptability, synthesizing information, and implementing the chosen strategy) on organizational brilliance and its dimensions (brilliance in leadership, brilliance in service and innovation, and brilliance in Knowledge) in the Ur State Company. The research problem question was whether top management in the organization practices the strategic containment process or not, and does it affect organizational brilliance? The sample of the research consisted of middle management managers (120) participants. To analyze data and information and test hypotheses, the research used many statistical methods such as standard deviation, coefficient of variation, arithmetic mean, and simple regression coefficient by the statistical program (SPSS V26). The most obvious result of the research is that strategic containment and its dimensions totally and individually affect the variable organizational brilliance directly. Also, there is a lack of clarity in explaining the details of ongoing innovations and how to achieve outstanding performance, which negatively affects employees’ understanding, and then the researched company cannot achieve organizational brilliance.

Research type: Research paper
Expectation Parameters in the Poisson Mixture Regression Model for Latent Class by Applying Genetic Algorithm and Maximization Algorithm
Authors: Khuder Eleas Ahmed , Hazim Aboudi Emad 
Published: April 2024

In a Poisson mixture regression model for latent class, observations come from different sub-sources or classes, and the observed data are assumed to be generated by a specific (finite) mixture of unobserved or latent classes. The problem lies in the optimal assignment of observations to their respective classes. This requires sophisticated methods for estimating the parameters in the model. Usually, the model parameters are estimated by the conventional EM algorithm. The research aims to compare the EM algorithm and the genetic algorithm GA. Using simulation, the two algorithms were compared based on the MSE criterion, with different sample sizes (n = 50, 90, 120) and three scenarios (S1, S2, S3) for default values of the parameters. The results showed the superiority of the GA genetic algorithm over the EM algorithm, as the GA genetic algorithm gave the lowest MSE values.

Paper type: Research paper
The performance of solvent-based direct air capture across geospatial and temporal climate regimes
Authors: Brooks Bjørn-Gustaf J. , Geissler Caleb H. , An Keju , McCoy Sean T. , Middleton Richard S. , Ogland-Hand Jonathan D. 
Published: April 2024

IntroductionLiquid-solvent direct air capture (DAC) is a prominent approach for carbon dioxide removal but knowing where to site these systems is challenging because it requires considering a multitude of interrelated geospatial factors. Two of the most pressing factors are: (1) how should DAC be powered to provide the greatest net removal of CO2 and (2) how does weather impact its performance?.MethodsTo investigate these questions, this study develops a process-level model of a liquid-solvent DAC system and couples it to a 20-year dataset of temperature and humidity conditions at a ~9km resolution across the contiguous US.Results and discussionWe find that the amount of CO2 sequestered could be 30% to 50% greater than the amount of CO2 removed from the atmosphere if natural gas is burned on site to power DAC, but that the optimal way to power DAC is independent of capture rate (i.e., weather), depending solely on the upstream GHG intensity of electricity and natural gas. Regardless of how it is powered, air temperature and humidity conditions can change the performance of DAC by up to ~3x and can also vary substantially across weather years. Across the continuous US, we find that southern states (e.g., Gulf Coast) are preferrable locations for a variety of reasons, including higher and less variable air temperature and relative humidity. Lastly, we also find the performance of liquid-solvent DAC calculated with monthly means is within 2% of the estimated performance calculated with hourly data for more than a third of the country, including in the states with weather most favorable for liquid-solvent DAC.
Immunometric and functional measurement of endogenous vasoinhibin in human sera
Authors: Zamora Magdalena , Harris David , Davies Nils , Ebnet Johannes , Radermacher Peter , Brucker Cosima , Waller Christiane , Robles Juan Pablo , Bertsch Thomas , Clapp Carmen , Triebel Jakob 
Published: April 2024

IntroductionCirculating levels of the antiangiogenic protein vasoinhibin, a fragment of prolactin, are of interest in vasoproliferative retinopathies, preeclampsia, and peripartum cardiomyopathy; however, it is difficult to determine the circulating levels of vasoinhibin due to the lack of quantitative assays. MethodsThis study used human serum samples to assess the concentration and bioactivity of vasoinhibin using a novel enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for human vasoinhibin, which employs an anti-vasoinhibin monoclonal antibody, a human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) proliferation assay, and a chick chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) angiogenesis assay. ResultsSerum samples from 17 pregnant women without (one group) and with preeclampsia and pregnancy induced hypertension (another group) demonstrated endogenous vasoinhibin concentrations in the range of 5–340 ng/ml. Immunoactive vasoinhibin levels were significantly higher in preeclampsia serum compared to healthy pregnancy serum (mean 63.09 ± 22.15 SD vs. 19.67 ± 13.34 ng/ml, p = 0.0003), as was the bioactive vasoinhibin level as determined by the HUVEC proliferation assay (56.12 ± 19.83 vs. 13.38 ± 4.88 ng/ml, p &lt; 0.0001). There was a correlation between the concentration of vasoinhibin measured by ELISA and the HUVEC proliferation assay (Pearson r = 0.95, p &lt; 0.0001). Healthy serum demonstrated a proangiogenic effect in the CAM assay (p &lt; 0.05, compared to control), while serum from preeclamptic patients demonstrated an antiangiogenic effect (p &lt; 0.05 vs. control), as did recombinant human vasoinhibin and a synthetic circular retro-inverse vasoinhibin analogue (CRIVi45-51). The antiangiogenic effects in the CAM assay and the inhibition of HUVEC proliferation were abolished by addition of the ELISA anti-vasoinhibin monoclonal antibody, but not by mouse IgG. DiscussionThese results demonstrate the first quantitation of endogenous vasoinhibin in human sera and the elevation of it levels and antiangiogenic activity in sera from women with preeclampsia. The development and implementation of a quantitative assay for vasoinhibin overcomes a long-standing barrier and suggests the thorough clinical verification of vasoinhibin as a relevant biomarker.
Changes in growth, morphology, and levels of digestive enzymes and growth-related hormones in early ontogeny of black scraper, Thamnaconus modestus
Authors: Liu Liming , Zeng Jun , Zhang Zhe , Wang Jiulong , Mei Weiping , Wang Chengwu , Liu Zhenpeng , Xu Wengang 
Published: April 2024

IntroductionThe black scraper, Thamnaconus modestus, is a highly valued marine fish species, but its output has gradually decreased in recent years, which may be due to its low survival rate during early ontogenesis.MethodsTherefore, in this study, we assessed the changes in growth, morphology, digestive enzymes, and hormone levels in T. modestus from 0–60 days post-hatching (dph) and revealed growth turning points by morphological measurement and determination of digestive enzyme activities and hormone levels. We found that ontogenesis could be divided into the larval (0–20 dph) and juvenile (20–60 dph) stages. Acid and alkaline protease activity significantly increased and decreased, respectively, from 12–25 dph, likely due to the development of stomach and gastric glands. Acid phosphatase levels significantly increased at 0 and 4 dph, which may be related to the regulation of metabolism and immune protection. A sharp increase in alkaline phosphatase levels at 20 and 25 dph was observed and was likely due to the development of the brush border membrane of enterocytes. The amylase level was significantly higher at 25, 30, and 35 dph, possibly due to better digestion and absorption during the transition from consuming Artemia to compound feed. In newly hatched larvae, the level of thyroid hormones triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) gradually increased and peaked at 35 dph, highlighting the importance of these hormones during the development of T. modestus. Growth hormone (GH) levels first increased from 0–8 dph, with a plateau at 8–20 dph, and then increased at 25–30–35 dph. For insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), a significant increase with a subsequent plateau was observed between 8 and 20 dph, followed by a substantial decrease between 30 and 35 dph. These results suggest that the regulating functions of GH and IGF-1 are synchronised. Digestive enzyme activity and hormone levels of abnormal fry at 30 dph were lower than those of normal fish, highlighting the importance of specific hormones, especially T4 and IGF-1, in the development of T. modestus.
Sleep deprivation reduces the baroreflex sensitivity through elevated angiotensin (Ang) II subtype 1 receptor expression in the nucleus tractus solitarii
Authors: Liu Ling-feng , Wang Yu-wan , Sun Jia-cen , Wang Yang-kai , Tan Xing , Wang Wei-zhong 
Published: April 2024

IntroductionSleep insufficiency has been linked to an increased risk of high blood pressure and cardiovascular diseases. Emerging studies have demonstrated that impaired baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) is involved in the adverse cardiovascular effects caused by sleep deprivation, however, the underlying mechanisms remain unknown. Therefore, the present study aims to clarify the role of abnormal renin-angiotensin system in the nucleus tractus solitarii (NTS) in impaired BRS induced by sleep deprivation.MethodsRats were randomly divided into two groups: normal sleep (Ctrl) and chronic sleep deprivation (CSD) group. Rats were sleep deprived by an automated sleep deprivation system. The blood pressure, heart rate, BRS, the number of c-Fos positive cells and the expression of angiotensin (Ang) II subtype 1 receptors (AT1R) in the NTS of rats were assessed.ResultsCompared to Ctrl group, CSD group exhibited a higher blood pressure, heart rate, and reduced BRS. Moreover, the number of c-Fos positive cells and local field potential in the NTS in CSD group were increased compared with the Ctrl group. It was shown that the expression of the AT1R and the content of Ang II and the ratio of Ang II to Ang-(1–7) were increased in the NTS of rats in CSD group compared to Ctrl group. In addition, microinjection of losartan into the NTS significantly improved the impaired BRS caused by sleep deprivation.DiscussionIn conclusion, these data suggest that the elevated AT1R expression in the NTS mediates the reduced BRS induced by chronic sleep deprivation.