bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Progress in determining the malignant potential of oral lesions
Authors: Scully C. , Sudbø J. , Speight P. M. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractThe dilemma in managing patients with potentially malignant oral lesions and field change is of deciding which mucosal lesions or areas will progress to carcinoma. Although dysplasia may be predictive, this is not invariable, and there can be considerable inter‐ and intraexaminer variation in that diagnosis. Recent data on molecular and DNA changes in potentially malignant lesions suggest that it is now feasible to identify those lesions that are truly potentially malignant.
Salivary gland tumours: immunoexpression of integrins β1, β3 and β4
Authors: Loducca S. V. L. , Mantesso A. , Kapas S. , Williams D. M. , Araújo N. S. , Araújo V. C. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractBackground:  Integrins, heterodimeric transmembranic adhesion molecules composed of α and β subunits, have been implicated in normal and neoplastic biological processes. We investigated the patterns of expression of integrins subunits β1, β3 and β4 in neoplasms derived from the terminal segment of salivary glands in order to understand their expression patterns in the different structures of these tumours.Methods:  Immunohistochemistry using ‘catalized signal amplification’ (CSA) detection system was applied to paraffin‐embedded specimens of polymorphous low‐grade adenocarcinoma, adenoid cystic carcinoma and acinic cell carcinoma. Normal salivary glands were used as controls.Results:  Immunoexpression of integrins showed that neoplastic structures of the tumours studied tend to mimic the patterns seen in the normal structures of salivary glands from which they are derived. Anaplastic cells were negative for all integrins.Conclusions:  This study revealed detailed topography of integrins in malignant tumours derived from intercalated acinar segment of salivary gland and this might be useful in the diagnosis of these lesions, especially of fine‐needle aspiration (FNA) products or small specimens derived form incisional biopsies.
Increase of mast cells and tumor angiogenesis in oral squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Iamaroon Anak , Pongsiriwet Surawut , Jittidecharaks Sumana , Pattanaporn Komkham , Prapayasatok Sangsom , Wanachantararak Sitthichai 
Published: October 2010

AbstractBackground:  Although mast cells (MCs) have been implicated in promoting angiogenesis in some malignant tumors, especially of the aerodigestive tract, little is known in oral squamous cell carcinoma (SCC).Methods:  A retrospective study was conducted to elaborate upon the correlation between MCs and tumor angiogenesis in 26 cases of oral SCC, six cases of oral pre‐malignant dysplasia, 10 cases of oral hyperkeratosis, and six cases of normal oral mucosa by means of immunohistochemical technique.Results:  The MCs in all lesions and normal oral mucosa strongly expressed tryptase. The densities of MCs and microvessels appeared to increase with disease progression. The MC and microvascular counts were significantly higher in oral SCC than in hyperkeratosis and normal oral mucosa (P < 0.05). A significant correlation between MC and microvascular densities was observed in oral SCC (r = 0.5; P = 0.012).Conclusions:  These findings suggest that MCs may upregulate tumor angiogenesis in oral SCC, perhaps via MC tryptase.
Erythematous and reticular forms of oral lichen planus and oral lichenoid reactions differ in pathological features related to disease activity
Authors: Karatsaidis Andreas , Schreurs Olav , Helgeland Kristen , Axéll Tony , Schenck Karl 
Published: October 2010

AbstractBackground:  Common clinical forms of oral lichen planus (OLP) and oral lichenoid reactions (OLR) are erythematous (ERY) or reticular (RET). The purpose of this study was to find histopathological changes that differ between these forms.Methods:  Epithelial thickness, epithelial proliferation rate, apoptosis, and HLA‐DR expression were compared among 10 reticular and 12 erythematous lesions, and 11 normal oral mucosa samples (NOM).Results:  The epithelium in ERY was thinner than in NOM, whereas RET showed values between ERY and NOM. Cell proliferation increased significantly in ERY as compared with RET and NOM, with no difference between RET and NOM. Relative numbers of epithelial cell nuclei displaying visible chromatin condensation were reduced in ERY form.Conclusions:  The markedly increased cell proliferation in ERY supports the notion that this form displays a higher disease activity as compared to RET. It can therefore be important to study each disease form separately.
Helicobacter pylori DNA in recurrent aphthous stomatitis
Authors: Victória Júnia Maria Netto , Kalapothakis Evanguedes , Silva Jeane de Fátima Correia , Gomez Ricardo Santiago 
Published: October 2010

AbstractBackground:  Considering not only the fact that recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS) and stomach ulcers are immunologically mediated ulcers associated with Helicobacter pylori, but also the recent evidence that anaemia can be associated with both diseases, and the discovery of H. pylori in the oral mucosa led us to hypothesize that this bacteria may be related to RAS pathogenesis.Methods:  Thirty‐six consecutive subjects affected by minor and major forms of RAS and 48 healthy volunteers were included in the present study. The nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique was used to detect the presence of H. pylori in the oral lesion, the normal contralateral mucosa of patients affected by RAS and the oral mucosa of control subjects. The χ2‐ and Fisher's tests were used for statistical analysis.Results:  No association between RAS lesions and H. pylori was observed. However, 14 out of 36 (38.9%) of the patients with RAS were found to show the presence of H. pylori DNA in the lesion and/or contralateral mucosa. Sixteen out of 48 (33.3%) of the patients without RAS (control subjects) were positive (P > 0.05).Conclusion:  The present study does not give support to the assumption that H. pylori could be involved in RAS development.
Cadherin and catenin expression in mucoepidermoid carcinoma: correlation with histopathologic grade, clinical stage, and patient outcome
Authors: Shieh Yi‐Shing , Chang Long‐Chang , Chiu Kuo‐Chou , Wu Cheng‐Wen , Lee Herng‐Sheng 
Published: October 2010

AbstractBackground:  Alteration of cadherin and catenin expression is associated with loss of differentiation, acquisition of an invasive phenotype, and poor prognosis in many types of cancers. The roles of cadherins and catenins in mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC) are not fully understood.Methods:  Based on immunohistochemical studies, the expressions of E‐, N‐, and P‐cadherins and α‐, β‐, and γ‐catenins in MEC were investigated, and correlations with clinicopathologic parameters were evaluated.Results:  These six molecules were strongly expressed in normal ductal epithelium but increased or decreased immunoreactivities of those proteins in MEC were frequently observed, especially for E‐cadherin and α‐catenin. The immunoactivity of β‐catenin showed significant correlation with grade (P = 0.05) and stage (P < 0.0001). β‐Catenin expressions are also correlated with γ‐catenin expression (P = 0.006) according to cross‐table analysis. Survival analysis indicated that stage, grade, and β‐catenin expressions had significant correlation with survival.Conclusion:  Aberrant β‐catenin expression may play an important role in the histologic differentiation and tumor staging of MEC.
Characterizing genetic diversity and creating novel gene pools in rice for trait dissection and gene function discovery
Authors: Mauleon Ramil , McNally Kenneth , Leung Hei , Bruskiewich Richard , Sackville-Hamilton Ruaraidh 
Published: October 2010

AbstractRice diversity is the foundation for rice improvement programs. At IRRI, over 100,000 rice accessions are deposited, and intelligent use of this diversity can not only help solve current production problems but also create future production opportunities and tackle climate change challenges. To fully explore and utilize rice diversity, two ingredients are needed: 1 - the genetic blueprints of diverse rice accessions in use, 2 - plant populations with recombined genotypes allowing expression of phenotypic variation and discovery of new genes/QTLs for use in breeding programs. Sequencing of the genomes & obtaining SNP genotypes of many rice accessions is feasible due to decreasing cost of advanced DNA sequencing technologies. Coupled with the creation of populations suitable for trait dissection / phenotyping, discovery of gene functions and allelic variations causal to important agronomic traits becomes possible. This in turn will provide rich biological evidences to the rice/cereal crop genome annotation community.
Escherichia coli glycogen genes are organized in a single glgBXCAP transcriptional unit possessing an alternative suboperonic promoter within glgC that directs glgAP expression
Authors: Montero Manuel , Almagro Goizeder , Eydallin Gustavo , Viale Alejandro M. , Muñoz Francisco J. , Bahaji Abdellatif , Li Jun , Rahimpour Mehdi , Baroja-Fernández Edurne , Pozueta-Romero Javier 
Published: October 2010

Although it is generally accepted that Escherichia coli glycogen genes are organized in two tandemly arranged, differentially regulated glgBX and glgCAP operons, RT (reverse transcriptase)–PCR analyses carried out in the present study showed that E. coli cells possess transcripts comprising the five glgBXCAP genes. glg::lacZY expression analyses in cells lacking the region immediately upstream of the glgB gene revealed an almost total abolishment of glgB, glgX and glgC expression, but only a 50–60% reduction of the wild-type glgA and glgP expression levels. Furthermore, similar analyses showed that glgA and glgP expression was almost totally abolished in cells lacking glgA upstream sequences, including glgC, glgB and the asd–glgB intergenic region upstream of glgB. These results indicate that E. coli glgBXCAP genes are organized in a single transcriptional unit controlled by promoter sequences occurring upstream of glgB, and that an alternative suboperonic promoter is located within glgC, driving expression of the glgA and glgP genes. Computer searches for consensus promoters, and analyses of glgB::lacZY and glgA::lacZY expression in cells containing deletions of glgB and glgA upstream sequences identified regions directing glgBXCAP and glgAP expression. 5′ RACE (rapid amplification of cDNA ends) analyses located a glgBXCAP transcription start site 155 bp upstream of the glgB initiation codon, and a glgAP transcription start site 359 bp upstream of the glgA initiation codon. Finally, glg::lacZY expression analyses on cells lacking the relA or phoP regulatory genes indicated that both the glgBXCAP operon and the suboperonic promoter driving glgAP expression form part of both the RelA and PhoP-PhoQ regulons.
The crystal structure of human GLRX5: iron–sulfur cluster co-ordination, tetrameric assembly and monomer activity
Authors: Johansson Catrine , Roos Annette K. , Montano Sergio J. , Sengupta Rajib , Filippakopoulos Panagis , Guo Kunde , von Delft Frank , Holmgren Arne , Oppermann Udo , Kavanagh Kathryn L. 
Published: October 2010

Human GLRX5 (glutaredoxin 5) is an evolutionarily conserved thiol–disulfide oxidoreductase that has a direct role in the maintenance of normal cytosolic and mitochondrial iron homoeostasis, and its expression affects haem biosynthesis and erythropoiesis. We have crystallized the human GLRX5 bound to two [2Fe–2S] clusters and four GSH molecules. The crystal structure revealed a tetrameric organization with the [2Fe–2S] clusters buried in the interior and shielded from the solvent by the conserved β1-α2 loop, Phe69 and the GSH molecules. Each [2Fe–2S] cluster is ligated by the N-terminal activesite cysteine (Cys67) thiols contributed by two protomers and two cysteine thiols from two GSH. The two subunits co-ordinating the cluster are in a more extended conformation compared with iron–sulfur-bound human GLRX2, and the intersubunit interactions are more extensive and involve conserved residues among monothiol GLRXs. Gel-filtration chromatography and analytical ultracentrifugation support a tetrameric organization of holo-GLRX5, whereas the apoprotein is monomeric. MS analyses revealed glutathionylation of the cysteine residues in the absence of the [2Fe–2S] cluster, which would protect them from further oxidation and possibly facilitate cluster transfer/acceptance. Apo-GLRX5 reduced glutathione mixed disulfides with a rate 100 times lower than did GLRX2 and was active as a glutathione-dependent electron donor for mammalian ribonucleotide reductase.
Oral pemphigus vulgaris occurring during pregnancy
Authors: Muhammad Joseph K. , Lewis Michael A. O. , Crean St. John 
Published: October 2010

AbstractThere have been few reports describing the occurrence of pemphigus vulgaris (PV) during pregnancy. The patient described in this case report is interesting because the PV that developed during her pregnancy was confined to her mouth. It has been suggested that prompt treatment with systemic steroids prevents development of PV in cutaneous tissues. In this case, early control of the condition is believed to have eliminated the need for high dose steroids throughout the remainder of the pregnancy. In addition, this therapeutic approach could have contributed to the birth of a baby free of PV. Resolution of the presenting oral symptoms allowed the mother to resume a normal diet, allaying her anxiety about the possible effects of poor nutritional intake on foetal development. Aspects of clinical management considered in this report include the choice of immunospuppressive therapy and the multidisciplinary care involving both dental and obstetric specialists.
The excretion of cephem antibiotics into saliva is inversely associated with their plasma protein‐binding activities
Authors: Hamada Toshihiro , Ueta Eisaku , Kodama Hiroyuki , Osaki Tokio 
Published: October 2010

AbstractBackground: The excretion of medicated drugs into saliva may disturb the oral environment and antibiotic excretion into saliva appears to be regulated by many factors that have not been fully explored.Methods: Excretion of four cephem antibiotics into saliva was examined in healthy volunteers and rats, using high‐performance liquid chromatography, and the relationship between excretion levels and plasma protein‐binding activities of the antibiotics was investigated.Results: Following addition of 50 µg/ml of each antibiotic to human plasma, protein binding rates (PBRs) of cefuzonam (CZON, molecular weight (MW): 535.58), cefotaxime (CTX, MW: 477.45), flomoxef (FMOX, MW: 518.45) and cefozopran (CZOP, MW: 551.99) were 87.8 ± 1.2, 70.8 ± 0.8, 36.2 ± 0.5 and 8.3 ± 0.3%, respectively. In rat plasma, PBRs of the four antibiotics were 94.0 ± 0.5, 62.1 ± 1.4, 54.0 ± 0.8 and 6.0 ± 0.8%, respectively. Similar PBRs were observed when the antibiotic concentration was increased to 100 and 200 µg/ml. CZOP was most rapidly excreted into saliva and had the highest concentration in saliva among the tested antibiotics, while the plateau level of CZON was the lowest. The excreted levels of each antibiotic in saliva, when locally perfused through the rat facial artery, were inversely associated with each PBR. Similarly, the ratios of antibiotic concentration in saliva to rat plasma were almost constant for each antibiotic, revealing an inverse relationship with PBRs.Conclusion: These results appear to indicate that low molecular weight antibiotics are excreted into saliva through passive diffusion, inversely relating to their PBRs, and that high concentrations of antibiotics in the saliva have the potential to change the oral ecological environment.
Whole stimulated salivary flow in patients with chronic hepatitis C virus infection
Authors: Castro Ferreiro M. , Hermida Prieto M. , Barral Rodríguez S. , Laredo Vázquez R. , Castro Iglesias A. , Diz Dios P. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractBackground:  Salivary gland disorders have been included among the extra‐hepatic manifestations related to HCV infection.Methods:  The whole stimulated salivary flow rate (spitting technique) was studied in 74 HCV infected patients to evaluate salivary gland dysfunction.Results:  The salivary flow of the patients with chronic HCV infection was similar to that of the healthy controls. The association between subjective xerostomia salivary flow was seen to be very weak. No significant associations were found between salivary flow and age, sex, risk factor of acquired infection, ALT, AST, GGT, ALP values, time lapsed since the diagnosis or HCV‐RNA detection in saliva.Conclusions:  Although the functional repercussion of hepatitis C related lymphocytic sialoadenitis remains unclear, we did not find a significant reduction in the whole stimulated salivary flow in HCV infected patients.
Immunolocalization of c‐Fos and c‐Jun in human oral mucosa and in oral squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: De Sousa Suzana Orsini Machado , Mesquita Ricardo Alves , Pinto Décio Santos , Gutkind Silvio 
Published: October 2010

AbstractBackground:  Studies have addressed the relevance of c‐Jun and c‐Fos proteins in cancer development. In the present study, the expression of c‐Jun and c‐Fos, the major components of transcription factor activator protein (AP1), were evaluated to determine possible alterations to these factors in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC).Methods:  Fifteen cases of normal oral mucosa and 20 cases of OSCC were retrieved from the Archives of the Surgical Pathology Service at the University of São Paulo. The samples of normal oral mucosa or OSCC originated from different oral mucosal sites. Tissues were submitted for immunohistochemical analysis to detect c‐Jun and c‐Fos proteins. The OSCC was classified as well, intermediate or poorly differentiated.Results:  The results showed that both c‐Jun and c‐Fos are expressed in normal oral mucosa and in OSCC. In normal mucosa, immunoreactivity for c‐Jun was detected in the cytoplasm of the upper basal layers, while in OSCC, c‐Jun was detected in the nuclei of the cells. C‐Fos expression was observed in the nuclei of cells, both in normal mucosa and in OSCC, but its expression varied according to the cell layer in normal mucosa, and the differentiation of OSCC.Conclusions:  The nuclear expression of c‐Jun in OSCC, in contrast to its cytoplasmic expression in normal oral mucosa, indicates that c‐Jun may have a role in the development of oral cancer. In contrast, the absence of both c‐Jun and c‐Fos in poorly differentiated carcinoma might be useful in understanding the cell cycle events important in uncontrolled cell growth.
Prognostic role of p21WAF1 expression in areca quid chewing and smoking‐associated oral squamous cell carcinoma in Taiwan
Authors: Yen‐Ping Kuo Mark , Huang Jehn‐Shyun , Kok Sang‐Heng , Kuo Ying‐Shiung , Chiang Chun‐Pin 
Published: October 2010

AbstractBackground:  Alterations in p21WAF1 protein expression have been observed in a wide variety of human cancers by immunohistochemistry, and both decreased and increased levels of p21WAF1 protein expression have been shown to correlate with poor prognosis.Method:  To examine the relation between p21WAF1 protein expression and prognosis in oral squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs), we performed an immunohistochemical study with antip21WAF1 antibody on 43 oral SCCs. Immunostaining results were then correlated with p53 protein levels, clinicopathological parameters of the tumors and overall patient survival.Results:  Of the 43 patients, 31 (72%) had tumors with positive p21WAF1 nuclear staining and 27 (63%) had tumors with p53 nuclear staining. There was no significant correlation between p21WAF1 and p53 protein expressions and both mutant p53‐containing oral SCCs overexpressed p21WAF1 protein. In addition, no significant correlation was found between the p21WAF1 expression and the patients' age, sex, oral habit, cancer location, or primary tumor TNM status at the time of initial presentation. The Kaplan‐Meier analysis showed a significant correlation between p21WAF1 protein overexpression and poor patient overall survival (P = 0.049). When p53 and p21WAF1 were evaluated together, the 5‐year overall survival was lowest in p53(+)‐p21WAF1(+) patients and highest in p53(–)‐p21WAF1(–) patients (P = 0.057).Conclusion:  Combined evaluation of p21WAF1 and p53 expressions may be useful in estimating the prognosis of patients with oral SCCs in Taiwan.
Immunohistochemical study of interleukin‐1β and interleukin‐1 receptor antagonist in an antigen‐induced arthritis of the rabbit temporomandibular joint
Authors: Habu Manabu , Tominaga Kazuhiro , Sukedai Miho , Alstergren Per , Ohkawara Susumu , Kopp Sigvard , Fukuda Jinichi 
Published: October 2010

AbstractBackground:  In temporomandibular joint (TMJ) arthritis, there is limited knowledge of the relationship between interleukin‐1β (IL‐1β) and interleukin‐1 receptor antagonist (IL‐1ra), as well as the source of these cytokines. We investigated the development of an antigen‐induced arthritis in the rabbit TMJ immunohistochemically.Methods:  Unilateral TMJ arthritis was induced in 32 adult New Zealand White rabbits. From 6 h to 12 weeks after induction of arthritis, topology of IL‐1β and IL‐1ra were observed.Result:  The acute stage of induced arthritis lasted for one week after induction, thereafter it became chronic. In the early phase of the acute stage, infiltrating inflammatory cells, as well as synovial cells, produced IL‐1β and IL‐1ra. In the late phase of the acute stage, the main source of these cytokines was subsynovial fibroblasts. In this phase of arthritis, IL‐1β and IL‐1ra did not appear to be produced by synovial cells. From the early to intermediate phase of the chronic stage, proliferating synovial cells produced IL‐1β and IL‐1ra. In this phase of the arthritis, these cytokines were also observed in a cluster formation in chondrocytes.Conclusion:  This arthritis model shows a staging of the joint inflammation process with time. IL‐1β and IL‐1ra are produced by a certain kind of cells depending on the stage of inflammation.
Intra‐epithelial CD8+ T cells and basement membrane disruption in oral lichen planus
Authors: Zhou Xijing J. , Sugerman Philip B. , Savage Neil W. , Walsh Laurence J. , Seymour Gregory J. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractBackground:  We investigated basement membrane (BM) disruption and the distribution of mast cells (MCs) and T cell subsets, in oral lichen planus (OLP) and normal buccal mucosa (NBM) using immunohistochemistry. In OLP, there were increased numbers of tryptase+ MCs in areas of BM disruption (P < 0.05).Method:  We identified clusters of intraepithelial CD8+ T cells in OLP, specifically in regions of BM disruption. The number of intraepithelial CD8+ T cells in regions of BM disruption was significantly greater than in regions of BM continuity (P < 0.05).Results:  There were comparable numbers of lamina propria CD8+ T cells in regions of BM disruption and BM continuity. The number of CD4+ T cells in the epithelium and lamina propria of OLP lesions did not vary between regions of BM disruption and BM continuity.Conclusion:  These data suggest a role for MCs in epithelial BM disruption in OLP. CD8+ T cells may migrate through BM breaks to enter the OLP epithelium.