bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Validation and optimal cut-off score of the World Health Organization Well-being Index (WHO-5) as a screening tool for depression among patients with schizophrenia
Authors: Fekih-Romdhane Feten , Al Mouzakzak Fadila , Abilmona Ghinwa , Dahdouh Oussama , Hallit Souheil 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
The utility of the World Health Organization Wellbeing Index (WHO-5) as rapid screening tool for depression has not yet been researched in the context of schizophrenia. The goals of this study were twofold: (1) to test the psychometric properties of the WHO-5 in a sample of Arabic-speaking patients with schizophrenia from Lebanon, with particular emphasis on validating the WHO-5 as a screening tool for wellbeing and depression in patients with schizophrenia; and (2) to determine the optimal cut-off point to identify schizophrenia patients with depression.

Methods
Chronic, remitted patients with schizophrenia took part in this cross-sectional study between August and October 2023 (n = 117; mean age of 57.86 ± 10.88 years and 63.3% males). The Calgary Depression Scale for Schizophrenia (CDSS) was included as index of validity. For the validation of the WHO-5 scale, we performed a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) using the original structure of the scale. To assess the discriminatory validity of the Arabic version of the WHO-5 as a screening tool for depression, we conducted a Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, taking the WHO-5 reversed score against the dichotomized CDSS score at a cut off value of 6.

Results
The results of CFA supported the originally proposed unidimensional structure of the measure, with good internal consistency reliability (α = 0.80), concurrent validity, and cross-sex measurement invariance. The WHO-5 showed a sensitivity of 0.8 and a specificity of 0.7 in the detection of depression with a cut-off point of 9.5. The validity of the WHO-5 as a screening tool for depression was supported by the excellent discrimination AUC value of 0.838. Based on this WHO-5 cut-off value, 42.6% of the patients were screened as having a depression.

Conclusion
The study contributes to the field by showing that the WHO-5 is a concise and convenient self-report measure for quickly screening and monitoring depressive symptoms in patients with schizophrenia. It is therefore highly recommended to apply this cut-off point for screening and follow-up assessments. The current findings will hopefully encourage clinicians and researchers working in Arab settings, who are often confronted with significant time and resource constraints, to start using the WHO-5 to aid their efforts in mitigating depression in this vulnerable population and fostering research in this under-researched area.
Treatment of harmful gambling: a scoping review of United Kingdom-based intervention research
Authors: Seel Christopher J. , Jones Matthew , Christensen Darren R. , May Richard , Hoon Alice E. , Dymond Simon 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
Understanding and treating the harm caused by gambling is a growing international psychiatric and public health challenge. Treatment of gambling harm may involve psychological and pharmacological intervention, in conjunction with peer support. This scoping review was conducted to identify, for the first time, the characteristics and extent of United Kingdom (UK) based gambling treatment research. We reviewed studies conducted among people seeking treatment for disordered or harmful gambling in the UK, the settings, research designs, and outcome measures used, and to identify any treatment research gaps.

Methods
Systematic searches of PsycInfo, PsycArticles, Scopus, PubMed, and Web of Science databases were carried out for gambling treatment research or evaluation studies conducted in the UK. Studies were included if they evaluated the effectiveness of an intervention or treatment designed to improve symptoms of harmful or problematic gambling, reported outcomes of interventions on treatment adherence, gambling symptoms, or behaviours using standardised measures, were conducted in the UK, and were published since 2000.

Results
Eight studies met the inclusion criteria. Four were retrospective chart reviews, two were single-participant case reports, one described a retrospective case series, and one employed a cross-sectional design. None used an experimental design.

Conclusion
The limited number of studies included in this review highlights a relative paucity of gambling treatment research conducted in UK settings. Further work should seek to identify potential barriers and obstacles to conducting gambling treatment research in the UK.
Effects of acute normovolemic hemodilution and allogeneic blood transfusion on postoperative complications of oral and maxillofacial flap reconstruction: a retrospective study
Authors: Li Wenhao , Li Xueer , Chen Yanhong , Li Yanling , Chen Rui , Kang Ziqin , Huang Zhiquan , Zhao Yili 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Objective
Patients undergoing oral and maxillofacial flap reconstruction often need blood transfusions due to massive blood loss. With the increasing limitations of allogeneic blood transfusion (ABT), doctors are considering acute normovolemic hemodilution (ANH) because of its advantages. By comparing the differences in the (Δ) blood indices and postoperative complications of patients receiving ABT or ANH during the reconstruction and repair of oral and maxillofacial tumor flaps, this study’s purpose was to provide a reference for the clinical application of ANH.

Methods
The clinical data of 276 patients who underwent oral and maxillofacial flap reconstruction from September 25, 2017, to October 11, 2021, in the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, were retrospectively analyzed. According to the intraoperative blood transfusion mode, the patients were divided into two groups: ABT and ANH. The differences in the (Δ) blood indices and the incidence of postoperative complications between the groups were analyzed.

Results
Among the 276 patients who had ANH (124/276) and ABT (152/276), there were no differences in (Δ) Hb, (Δ) PT, or (Δ) FIB (P > 0.05), while (Δ) WBC, (Δ) PLT, (Δ) APTT and (Δ) D-dimer were significantly different (P < 0.05). The blood transfusion method was not an independent factor for flap crisis (P > 0.05). The wound infection probability in patients with high post-PTs was 1.953 times greater than that in patients with low post-PTs (OR = 1.953, 95% CI: 1.232 ∼ 3.095, P = 0.004). A normal or overweight BMI was a protective factor for pulmonary infection, and the incidence of pulmonary infection in these patients was only 0.089 times that of patients with a low BMI (OR = 0.089, 95% CI: 0.017 ∼ 0.462). Moreover, a high ASA grade promoted the occurrence of pulmonary infection (OR = 6.373, 95% CI: 1.681 ∼ 24.163). The blood transfusion mode (B = 0.310, β = 0.360, P < 0.001; ANH: ln hospital stay = 2.20 ± 0.37; ABT: ln hospital stay = 2.54 ± 0.42) improved the length of hospital stay.

Conclusion
Preoperative and postoperative blood transfusion (Δ) Hb, (Δ) PT, and (Δ) FIB did not differ; (Δ) WBC, (Δ) PLT, (Δ) APTT, and (Δ) D-dimer did differ. There was no difference in the effects of the two blood transfusion methods on flap crisis, incision infection or lung infection after flap reconstruction, but ANH resulted in a 3.65 day shorter average hospital stay than did ABT.
Evaluating the accuracy of Chat Generative Pre-trained Transformer version 4 (ChatGPT-4) responses to United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) frequently asked questions about dental amalgam
Authors: Buldur Mehmet , Sezer Berkant 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
The use of artificial intelligence in the field of health sciences is becoming widespread. It is known that patients benefit from artificial intelligence applications on various health issues, especially after the pandemic period. One of the most important issues in this regard is the accuracy of the information provided by artificial intelligence applications.

Objective
The purpose of this study was to the frequently asked questions about dental amalgam, as determined by the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA), which is one of these information resources, to Chat Generative Pre-trained Transformer version 4 (ChatGPT-4) and to compare the content of the answers given by the application with the answers of the FDA.

Methods
The questions were directed to ChatGPT-4 on May 8th and May 16th, 2023, and the responses were recorded and compared at the word and meaning levels using ChatGPT. The answers from the FDA webpage were also recorded. The responses were compared for content similarity in “Main Idea”, “Quality Analysis”, “Common Ideas”, and “Inconsistent Ideas” between ChatGPT-4’s responses and FDA’s responses.

Results
ChatGPT-4 provided similar responses at one-week intervals. In comparison with FDA guidance, it provided answers with similar information content to frequently asked questions. However, although there were some similarities in the general aspects of the recommendation regarding amalgam removal in the question, the two texts are not the same, and they offered different perspectives on the replacement of fillings.

Conclusions
The findings of this study indicate that ChatGPT-4, an artificial intelligence based application, encompasses current and accurate information regarding dental amalgam and its removal, providing it to individuals seeking access to such information. Nevertheless, we believe that numerous studies are required to assess the validity and reliability of ChatGPT-4 across diverse subjects.
Effect of yoga in medical students to reduce the level of depression, anxiety, and stress: pilot study (Goodbye Stress with Yoga GSY)
Authors: Chauhan Shalini , Babu Ann Mary , Galgalo Dahabo Adi , Melczer Csaba , Prémusz Viktória , Karsai István 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Introduction
Globally medical students reported high level of stress sensitivity, stress intensity and depression or anxiety. Yoga is proven to be a one of the most effective anxiolytic tools. The current study specifically designed to investigate the effect of yoga intervention on the level of stress, depression, and anxiety of medical student at the University of Pécs.

Methods
Twenty-eight medical students from the University of Pécs, with an average age of 23.54 ± 4.36 years and a BMI of 22.42 ± 3.42 kg/m2, participated in a 10-week yoga intervention. In the current study, the DASS-21 was employed to gather information on stress, depression, and anxiety, while self-reported health and quality of life were assessed using the WHOQOL-BREF Questionnaire. The Shapiro-Wilk test was employed to examine the distribution of the data. The choice between the paired sampled T-test and the Wilcoxon signed test was determined based on the distribution of the data.

Results
The intervention group exhibited a mean and standard deviation of depression pre- and post-yoga 10.14 ± 10.60 and 7.21 ± 8.56, similarly the values for anxiety were 8.57 ± 10.09 and 5.51 ± 7.42, and for stress values were 12.79 ± 10.73 and 9.64 ± 9.71 respectively. Notably, this outcome attribute to a significant in decreased depression (p = 0.019), anxiety (p = 0.049) among the participants.

Conclusions
Introduction of Yoga Intervention significantly decreased in levels of depression and anxiety. By this current study we were able to confirm the necessity of Yoga Intervention with our primary survey.
Identification of differentially expressed ER stress-related genes and their association with pulmonary arterial hypertension
Authors: Yang Qi , Lai Banghui , Xie Hao , Deng Mingbin , Li Jun , Yang Yan , Wan Juyi , Liao Bin , Liu Feng 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a complex and progressive illness that has a multifaceted origin, significant fatality rates, and profound effects on health. The pathogenesis of PAH is poorly defined due to the insufficient understanding of the combined impact of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and immune infiltration, both of which play vital roles in PAH development. This study aims to identify potential ER stress-related biomarkers in PAH and investigate their involvement in immune infiltration.

Methods
The GEO database was used to download gene expression profiles. Genes associated with ER stress were obtained from the MSigDB database. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA), GO, KEGG, and protein-protein interaction (PPI) were utilized to conduct screening of hub genes and explore potential molecular mechanisms. Furthermore, the investigation also delved into the presence of immune cells in PAH tissues and the correlation between hub genes and the immune system. Finally, we validated the diagnostic value and expression levels of the hub genes in PAH using subject-workup characterization curves and real-time quantitative PCR.

Results
In the PAH and control groups, a total of 31 genes related to ER stress were found to be differentially expressed. The enrichment analysis revealed that these genes were primarily enriched in reacting to stress in the endoplasmic reticulum, dealing with unfolded proteins, transporting proteins, and processing proteins within the endoplasmic reticulum. EIF2S1, NPLOC4, SEC61B, SYVN1, and DERL1 were identified as the top 5 hub genes in the PPI network. Immune infiltration analysis revealed that these hub genes were closely related to immune cells. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves revealed that the hub genes exhibited excellent diagnostic efficacy for PAH. The levels of SEC61B, NPLOC4, and EIF2S1 expression were in agreement with the findings of bioinformatics analysis in the PAH group.

Conclusions
Potential biomarkers that could be utilized are SEC61B, NPLOC4, and EIF2S1, as identified in this study. The infiltration of immune cells was crucial to the development and advancement of PAH. This study provided new potential therapeutic targets for PAH.
Rates of bronchopulmonary dysplasia in very low birth weight neonates: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Moreira Alvaro , Noronha Michelle , Joy Jooby , Bierwirth Noah , Tarriela Aina , Naqvi Aliha , Zoretic Sarah , Jones Maxwell , Marotta Ali , Valadie Taylor , Brick Jonathan , Winter Caitlyn , Porter Melissa , Decker Isabelle , Bruschettini Matteo , Ahuja Sunil K. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Importance
Large-scale estimates of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) are warranted for adequate prevention and treatment. However, systematic approaches to ascertain rates of BPD are lacking.

Objective
To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the prevalence of BPD in very low birth weight (≤ 1,500 g) or very low gestational age (< 32 weeks) neonates.

Data sources
A search of MEDLINE from January 1990 until September 2019 using search terms related to BPD and prevalence was performed.

Study selection
Randomized controlled trials and observational studies evaluating rates of BPD in very low birth weight or very low gestational age infants were eligible. Included studies defined BPD as positive pressure ventilation or oxygen requirement at 28 days (BPD28) or at 36 weeks postmenstrual age (BPD36).

Data extraction and synthesis
Two reviewers independently conducted all stages of the review. Random-effects meta-analysis was used to calculate the pooled prevalence. Subgroup analyses included gestational age group, birth weight group, setting, study period, continent, and gross domestic product. Sensitivity analyses were performed to reduce study heterogeneity.

Main outcomes and measures
Prevalence of BPD defined as BPD28, BPD36, and by subgroups.

Results
A total of 105 articles or databases and 780,936 patients were included in this review. The pooled prevalence was 35% (95% CI, 28-42%) for BPD28 (n = 26 datasets, 132,247 neonates), and 21% (95% CI, 19-24%) for BPD36 (n = 70 studies, 672,769 neonates). In subgroup meta-analyses, birth weight category, gestational age category, and continent were strong drivers of the pooled prevalence of BPD.

Conclusions and relevance
This study provides a global estimation of BPD prevalence in very low birth weight/low gestation neonates.
SLC7A5 correlated with malignancies and immunotherapy response in bladder cancer
Authors: Zhang Chunyu , Wang Yanan , Guo Xiangdong , Wang Zhihua , Xiao Jiatong , Liu Zhi 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
Metabolic reprogramming contributes to bladder cancer development. This study aimed to understand the role of SLC7A5 in bladder cancer.

Methods
We systematically analyzed the correlation between SLC7A5 and bladder cancer through various approaches, including bioinformatics, western blotting, cell cycle analysis, cell proliferation assays, and invasion experiments. We also investigated the immunological features within the tumor microenvironment (TME), encompassing cancer immune cycles, immune modulators, immune checkpoints, tumor-infiltrating immune cells (TIIC), T cell inflammation scores, and treatment responses. Additionally, for a comprehensive assessment of the expression patterns and immunological roles of SLC7A5, pan-cancer analysis was performed using cancer genomics datasets.

Results
SLC7A5 was associated with adverse prognosis in bladder cancer patients, activating the Wnt pathway and promoting bladder cancer cell cycle progression, proliferation, migration, and invasion. Based on the evidence that SLC7A5 positively correlated with immunomodulators, TIIC, the cancer immune cycle, immune checkpoint and T cell inflammation scores, we also found that SLC7A5 was associated with the inflammatory tumor immune microenvironment. EGFR-targeted therapy, cancer immunotherapy, and radiation therapy were effective for patients with high SLC7A5 expression in bladder cancer. Low SLC7A5 patients were, however, sensitive to targeted therapies and anti-angiogenic therapy, such as blocking β-catenin network, PPAR-γ and FGFR3 signaling. Anti-SLC7A5 combined with cancer immunotherapy may have greater effectiveness than either therapy alone. Furthermore, we observed specific overexpression of SLC7A5 in TME of various cancers.

Conclusion
SLC7A5 can predict therapeutic response to immunotherapy, radiotherapy and chemotherapy in bladder cancer patients. Targeting SLC7A5 in combination with immunotherapy may be a potentially appropriate treatment option.
Efficient isolated microspore culture protocol for callus induction and plantlet regeneration in japonica rice (Oryza sativa L.)
Authors: Gao Runhong , Zong Yingjie , Zhang Shuwei , Guo Guimei , Zhang Wenqi , Chen Zhiwei , Lu Ruiju , Liu Chenghong , Wang Yifei , Li Yingbo 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
Isolated microspore culture is a useful biotechnological technique applied in modern plant breeding programs as it can produce doubled haploid (DH) plants and accelerate the development of new varieties. Furthermore, as a single-cell culture technique, the isolated microspore culture provides an excellent platform for studying microspore embryogenesis. However, the reports on isolated microspore culture are rather limited in rice due to the low callus induction rate, poor regeneration capability, and high genotypic dependency. The present study developed an effective isolated microspore culture protocol for high-frequency androgenesis in four japonica rice genotypes. Several factors affecting the isolated microspore culture were studied to evaluate their effects on callus induction and plantlet regeneration.

Results
Low-temperature pre-treatment at 4 ℃ for 10–15 days could effectively promote microspore embryogenesis in japonica rice. A simple and efficient method was proposed for identifying the microspore developmental stage. The anthers in yellow-green florets located on the second type of primary branch on the rice panicle were found to be the optimal stage for isolated microspore culture. The most effective induction media for callus induction were IM2 and IM3, depending on the genotype. The optimal concentration of 2, 4-D in the medium for callus induction was 1 mg/L. Callus induction was negatively affected by a high concentration of KT over 1.5 mg/L. The differentiation medium suitable for japonica rice microspore callus comprised 1/2 MS, 2 mg/L 6-BA, 0.5 mg/L NAA, 30 g/L sucrose, and 6 g/L agar. The regeneration frequency of the four genotypes ranged from 61–211 green plantlets per 100 mg calli, with Chongxiangjing showing the highest regeneration frequency.

Conclusions
This study presented an efficient protocol for improved callus induction and green plantlet regeneration in japonica rice via isolated microspore culture, which could provide valuable support for rice breeding and genetic research.
Chemokines in diabetic eye disease
Authors: Pan Xiongfeng , Tan Xinrui , McDonald Judy , Kaminga Atipatsa Chiwanda , Chen Yuyao , Dai Feizhao , Qiu Jun , Zhao Kunyan , Peng Yunlong 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
Diabetic eye disease is a common micro-vascular complication of diabetes and a leading cause of decreased vision and blindness in people of working age worldwide.Although previous studies have shown that chemokines system may be a player in pathogenesis of diabetic eye disease, it is unclear which chemokines play the most important role.To date, there is no meta-analysis which has investigated the role of chemokines in diabetic eye disease.We hope this study will contribute to a better understanding of both the signaling pathways of the chemokines in the pathophysiological process, and more reliable therapeutic targets for diabetic eye disease.

Methods
Embase, PubMed, Web of Science and Cochrane Library systematically searched for relevant studies from inception to Sep 1, 2023. A random-effect model was used and standardized mean differences (SMDs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to summarize the associated measure between chemokines concentrations and diabetic eye disease. Network meta-analysis to rank chemokines-effect values according to ranked probabilities.

Results
A total of 33 different chemokines involving 11,465 subjects (6559 cases and 4906 controls) were included in the meta-analysis. Results of the meta-analysis showed that concentrations of CC and CXC chemokines in the diabetic eye disease patients were significantly higher than those in the controls. Moreover, network meta-analysis showed that the effect of CCL8, CCL2, CXCL8 and CXCL10 were ranked highest in terms of probabilities. Concentrations of CCL8, CCL2, CXCL8 and CXCL10 may be associated with diabetic eye disease, especially in diabetic retinopathy and diabetic macular edema.

Conclusion
Our study suggests that CCL2 and CXCL8 may play key roles in pathogenesis of diabetic eye disease. Future research should explore putative mechanisms underlying these links, with the commitment to develop novel prophylactic and therapeutic for diabetic eye disease.