bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Note sur quelques lampes africaines du IIIe siècle
Authors: Deneauve Jean 
Published: July 2011

L'examen de quelques lampes identiques portant des marques différentes semble pouvoir apporter quelques renseignements sur l'organisation de la production et l'introduction de la fabrication en Afrique. Les débuts de cette fabrication paraissent avoir été facilités par l'achat de moules produits par des coroplathes d'Italie et répartis, au cours du IIe siècle entre différentes officinae nouvellement créées en Afrique.
L'inventaire des exemplaires connus appartenant à différentes « séries » d'un même « groupe » de lampes permet d'approcher la production africaine du IIIe siècle, son originalité et aussi, dans une certaine mesure, son organisation ; on constate, en effet, qu'un certain nombre de firmes utilisent des moules de même origine.
Une mise au point sur le dépôt de Bordj Djedid (Carthage) presque entièrement dispersé à l'époque de sa découverte apporte quelques éléments à la chronologie des lampes du IIIe siècle ; il s'agit de sujets communs à des vases de Navigius et à des décors de lampes.
Un nouveau document de Lambèse concernant M. Aurelius Decimus
Authors: Dupuis Xavier 
Published: July 2011

Un important document épigraphique, découvert à Lámbese en 1913 et publié presque aussitôt, est demeuré totalement méconnu. En fait, il paraît appartenir à la même inscription que trois fragments publiés séparément dans le C.I.L. VIII, et rapprochés en 1984 par J. Marcillet-Jaubert (ZPE, 54, 1984, p. 165-168).
Ainsi reconstitué, le nouveau texte mentionne le gouverneur M. Aurelius Decimus, en poste pendant le règne de Carin et de Numérien (283-284), et commémore la construction d'un portique aux frais d'une dizaine de notables lambésitains, titulaires de dignités équestres ou prêtres municipaux ; parmi eux figure notamment un chevalier a militiis, titre dont nous avons là l'une des plus tardives attestations. Leur nombre et leur position sociale permettent de suggérer qu'il s'agit d'un groupe de principales, peut-être les decemprimi, bien attestés par les documents juridiques au IVe siècle. Cette inscription enrichit donc de façon sensible notre connaissance des élites municipales de Lámbese à la fin du IIIe siècle. Rapprochée d'autres documents, publiés récemment, ou demeurés inédits ou méconnus, elle permet aussi de mieux appréhender l'activité de Decimus qui a suscité la construction ou la restauration d'un nombre important d'édifices publics, à Lámbese ou aux environs, en 283-284.
Trois documents méconnus sur l'histoire sociale et religieuse de l'Afrique romaine tardive retrouvés parmi les spuria de Sulpice Sévère
Authors: Lepelley Claude 
Published: July 2011

Three manuscrits of Orosius' Aduersus Paganos add a letter written by Sulpicius Severus, and three others from a different author. The first, called Epistula ad Saluium, had been written by an African landowner, living near the city of Matar, now Mateur, in northern Tunisia. Salvius, the letter addressee, claimed coloni living on an estate called the Fundus Volusianus, owned by the author ; he asserted their origo was sited on his own lands. In spite of Salvius' threatening words and of his intention of bringing the case before the courts, the author rejected the claim, Salvius' rights being, in his opinion, imaginary. The clash was the result of an old conflict having brought together the former owners of the lands. The document may be dated from the beginning of the Vth century. It shows how harsh were the clashes concerning the land property and exploitation. The author and his addressee where both advocates, so the letter uses accurate juridical sentences. We can see that the procedure, for such a claim of coloni, was quite similar to that concerning a claim of slaves. Some recent studies have strongly pointed out that the late Roman laws considered the coloni as free men. This document does not positively refute this statement, but it shows clearly the heaviness of the coloni's, overheads and subordination.
Two other letters from this set seem to have been written by the same African anonymous author. The first congratulates an addressee (surely a bishop) on having converted without recourse to coercion a lot of crude contrymen who practised a false and unlawful religion. This is an episode of the elimination of Donatism by the imperial laws, passed after the Conference of Carthage in 41 1 and compelling the landowners to convert their countrymen.
In another letter, the author asks the decurions of a city to exempt a newly baptised young actor from going on the stage, according to the prescriptions of the canon law, ratified by the imperial law. The document clearly shows that, in the Later Empire, an actor's job was seen as a compulsory public duty (munus).
Le coin salarial en France depuis 1970
Authors: L'Horty Yannick , Méary Renaud , Sobczak Nicolas 
Published: July 2011

Die Entwicklung des sogenannten "wage wedge" in Frankreich seit 1970,
von Yannick L'Horty, Renaud Méary, Nicolas Sobczak.

Unter "wage wedge" ist der Unterschied zwischen den realen Arbeitskosten des Arbeitgebers und der Kaufkraft des Lohns nach Abzug sämtlicher Abgaben zu verstehen. Er hängt von der Höhe der Sozial- und Steuerabgaben sowie von den Austauschrelationen ab, die die Verbraucherpreise, auf die die Arbeitnehmer achten, und die Erzeugerpreise, denen das Interesse der Arbeitgeber gilt, in Verhältnis setzen. Seit Beginn der siebziger Jahre hat der so gemessene "wage wedge" in Frankreich stark zugenommen; denn 1970 betrugen die Arbeitskosten ca. 1,9-mal soviel wie der Lohn nach Abzug sämtlicher Abgaben, während sich dieser Wert 1993 auf 2,3 beläuft. Zurückzufuhren ist diese Steigerung im wesentlichen auf die Erhöhung der Sozialbeiträge. Die Zunahme des "wage wedge" kann zwar den Anstieg der Arbeitslosigkeit erklären helfen, die Entwicklungsrichtung seiner Progression ist, so scheint es, jedoch weniger eindeutig.
Notes d'archéologie gauloise lozérienne
Authors: Pauc René 
Published: July 2011

The first one deals with a Gaulish coin of the EPOMEDUOS type, discovered on the « commune » of Ispagnac.
The second one is a study of rock inscriptions on the « Voie de Coudoulous » (Collet-de-Dèze) which present, in Latin writing, personal names almost exclusively Gaulish.
The last one is about two place-names : Lantondre (St-Bauzile which is most likely to represent an etymon Nantoduros) and Nissoulogres (Prades), previously Nissoulobres, derived from a compound of -briga.
Una carta en lengua ibérica, escrita sobre plomo, procedente de Emporion
Authors: Sanmarti Grego Enric 
Published: July 2011

Our 1988 research trip in the Greek town of Emporion, enabled us to clear some buildings of the Asklepieion area where excavations had been partly carried out by E. Gandia during the first third of our century. During the excavations, behind a new temple located westward of the sacred area, we found a new item which is the purpose of this study.
It is a letter in Iberian language written on a lead strip; the text mentions the name of the person to whom the letter was sent and the document is written on both sides.
The text of the A side covers the whole surface of the strip; it bears 9 lines amounting to 26 sets of letters, while the B side only bears 4 lines amounting to 12 to which must be added the name of the person to whom the letter was sent. Concerning the characters which were preserved, 170 of them figure on face A and 70 of them on face B, so that 240 characters are now listed with certainty.
The alphabet used in the document is the one commonly admitted as customary in the Eastern area of the Iberian Peninsula, and in the territories corresponding to the current western Roussillon-Languedoc area up to the French department of Hérault; this alphabet was used to write the language which, according to the most shared opinion, was spoken from the Narbonne area down to the South- West of Spain.
It is worth noticing that this letter was probably dated during the utmost end of the 3rd century B.C.; therefore, it was written at the same time as the inscriptions on lead strips found in a warehouse of the Pech Maho oppidum, located in the Narbonne area, and published 10 years ago by M. Y. Solier. For the first time a document of that kind was found in a Greek town, while up to now, such findings had exclusively been digged out of the deposits of the natives. Furthermore, this letter most likely to be a private one, appears to deal with trade. Since the Iberian language has not been deciphered yet, any information helping to define the nature of a text is essential for establishing a research scheme.
We guessed from the document we founded that it is a letter written by Basir-Tir, on behalf of Neitin, bidding Katul-Atin to whom the letter was sent, to be his trading agent with people whose names are Biuf-Diki, Ulti-Dikan, Erte-Bas, Bin-Turke and Abadu-Tiker, among other names which are not likely to be as trustworthy.
Process Intensification, 3. Process Unit Level
Authors: Freund Hannsjörg , Sundmacher Kai 
Published: July 2011

AbstractThe article contains sections titled:1.Introduction2.Miniaturization2.1.Fundamentals and Definitions2.2.Functions and Equipment2.2.1.Contacting: Micromixers2.2.2.Activating: Micro Heat Exchangers2.2.3.Reacting: Microreactors2.2.4.Separating: Microseparators3.Structured Apparatuses3.1.Internal Structuring3.1.1.Regular Structures3.1.2.Random Structures3.2.External Structuring3.2.1.Primary Geometry Effects3.2.2.Secondary Geometry Effects4.Novel Flow Regimes
Experimental study of two‐phase flow instability of vertical parallel rifled tube with different sizes at low‐mass flow rate
Authors: Deng Zhian , Luo Yushan , Wang Haijun , Chen Tingkuan 
Published: July 2011

ABSTRACTUnder certain operating conditions, two‐phase flow oscillations can occur and induce undesired problems such as system control, vibration, tube burn‐out, etc. Therefore, it is essential to avoid and control two‐phase flow instabilities when designing and operating equipments that are susceptible to such effects. The authors conducted an experimental study of vapor‐liquid two‐phase flow instabilities in vertical parallel tubes for a high‐pressure vapor‐water loop. Two types of vertical parallel rifled tubes (31.8 mm OD × 6 mm thickness, and 28.6 mm × 5.8 mm) were used as the tube sections. During experimentation, pressure‐drop and density‐wave type oscillations appeared, and the influence of the inlet pressure, mass flow rate, and inlet subcooling on the two‐phase flow instability in both types of vertical parallel‐connected tubes was studied. The results showed that with an increase in the inlet pressure and mass flow rate, the boundary thermal load of the pressure‐drop and density‐wave oscillations increased. As the inlet pressure increased, so the boundary quality of the pressure‐drop and density‐wave oscillations occurring in both types of the rifled tubes also increased. Experiments showed that under the same operating conditions, the stability of the 31.8 × 6 mm rifled tube is better than the 28.6 × 5.8 mm rifled tube. For the 31.8 × 6 mm rifled tube, the occurrence of the boundary quality of the pressure‐drop type oscillation increased with the increasing mass flow rate. However, for the 28.6 × 5.8 mm rifled tube, the occurrence of the boundary quality of the pressure‐drop oscillation first increased and then decreased with an increasing mass flow. © 2011 Curtin University of Technology and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Microinjection molding of light‐guided plates using LIGA‐like fabricated stampers
Authors: Huang Ming‐Shyan , Ku Hong‐Hua 
Published: July 2011

AbstractThis investigation explores the microinjection molding of light‐guided plates (LGPs) using lithography, electroplating, and molding (LIGA)‐like fabricated stampers. The 3.5‐in. LGP has a thin wall (0.76 mm) and micron‐sized features of truncated pyramidal prisms (70 μm wide and 38.3 μm deep, with a vertex angle of 70.5°) and v‐grooves (9.8 μm deep). Stampers for LGP injection molding (IM) are fabricated precisely by combining the anisotropic wet etching of silicon‐on‐insulation wafers with electroforming. LGPs must have multiple quality characteristics, such as good replication effects on microfeatures and flatness of the plate. In this study, the Taguchi method and gray relational analysis are adopted to optimize the microinjection molding parameters. Various IM parameters, including mold temperature, melt temperature, holding pressure, and injection speed, are considered. Experimental results demonstrate that mold temperature and holding pressure dominate the performance. Gray relational analysis and the Taguchi method can be used to determine the optimal process parameters for LGP molding. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011
Book reviews in humanities research evaluations
Authors: Zuccala Alesia , van Leeuwen Thed 
Published: July 2011

AbstractBibliometric evaluations of research outputs in the social sciences and humanities are challenging due to limitations associated with Web of Science data; however, background literature has shown that scholars are interested in stimulating improvements. We give special attention to book reviews processed by Web of Science history and literature journals, focusing on two types: Type I (i.e., reference to book only) and Type II (i.e., reference to book and other scholarly sources). Bibliometric data are collected and analyzed for a large set of reviews (1981–2009) to observe general publication patterns and patterns of citedness and co‐citedness with books under review. Results show that reviews giving reference only to the book (Type I) are published more frequently while reviews referencing the book and other works (Type II) are more likely to be cited. The referencing culture of the humanities makes it difficult to understand patterns of co‐citedness between books and review articles without further in‐depth content analyses. Overall, citation counts to book reviews are typically low, but our data showed that they are scholarly and do play a role in the scholarly communication system. In the disciplines of history and literature, where book reviews are prominent, counting the number and type of reviews that a scholar produces throughout his/her career is a positive step forward in research evaluations. We propose a new set of journal quality indicators for the purpose of monitoring their scholarly influence.
Optimisation of vertical axis wind turbine: CFD simulations and experimental measurements
Authors: Ghatage Swapnil V. , Joshi Jyeshtharaj B. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractA system for the conversion of kinetic energy of wind into thermal energy has been developed which can replace relatively expensive electro‐mechanical equipment. The system consists of a vertical axis wind turbine (VAWT) which is coupled with the shaft of a stirred vessel. In the present work, computational fluid dynamic (CFD) simulations have been performed for the flow generated in a stirred tank with disc turbine (DT). The predicted values of the mean axial, radial and tangential velocities along with the turbulent kinetic energy have been compared with those measured by laser Doppler anemometry (LDA). Good agreement was found between the CFD simulations and experimental results. Such a validated model was employed for the optimisation of drag‐based VAWT. An attempt has been made to increase the efficiency of turbine by optimising the shape and the number of blades. For this purpose, the combination of CFD and experiments has been used. The flows generated in a stirred tank and that generated by a wind turbine were simulated using commercial CFD software Fluent 6.2. A comparison has been made between the different configurations of wind turbines. Results show that a provision in blade twist enhances the efficiency of wind turbine. Also, a wind turbine with two blades has higher efficiency than the turbine with three blades. Based on the detailed CFD simulations, it is proposed that two bladed turbine with 30° twist shows maximum efficiency. © 2011 Canadian Society for Chemical Engineering
Establishing common cost measures to evaluate the economic value of patient navigation programs
Authors: Whitley Elizabeth , Valverde Patricia , Wells Kristen , Williams Loretta , Teschner Taylor , Shih Ya‐Chen Tina 
Published: July 2011

AbstractBACKGROUND:Patient navigation is an intervention aimed at reducing barriers to health care for underserved populations as a means to reduce cancer health disparities. Despite the proliferation of patient navigation programs across the United States, information related to the economic impact and sustainability of these programs is lacking.METHODS:After a review of the relevant literature, the Health Services Research (HSR)‐Cost workgroup of the American Cancer Society National Patient Navigator Leadership Summit met to examine cost data relevant to assessing the economic impact of patient navigation and to propose common cost metrics.RESULTS:Recognizing that resources available for data collection, management, and analysis vary, 5 categories of core and optional cost measures were identified related to patient navigator programs, including program costs, human capital costs, direct medical costs, direct non‐medical costs, and indirect costs.CONCLUSIONS:Information demonstrating economic as well as clinical value is necessary to make decisions about sustainability of patient navigation programs. Adoption of these common cost metrics are recommended to promote understanding of the economic impact of patient navigation and comparability across diverse patient navigation programs. Cancer 2011;117(15 suppl):3616–623. © 2011 American Cancer Society.
The Role of Social Schema in the Experience of Auditory Hallucinations: A Systematic Review and a Proposal for the Inclusion of Social Schema in a Cognitive Behavioural Model of Voice Hearing
Authors: Paulik Georgie 
Published: July 2011

The interpersonal nature of the voice‐hearing experience has been highlighted in recent studies investigating whether social processes (or ‘schemas’) that guide interpersonal interactions also govern the relationship between voice hearer and voice. A systematic literature review of relevant studies was undertaken, including those that investigated how social processes interact with appraisals of voices, as well as affective and behavioural responding to voices. The review included 13 studies published between 2000 and 2010. Two well‐replicated findings emerged from the review. First, voice hearers who perceive themselves to be of low social rank (inferior) relative to others also feel inferior in relation to their voice and behave accordingly. Second, responding to voices from a position of closeness/dependency is associated with least distress. The review advocates for an extension of the Chadwick and Birchwood cognitive behavioural model of voices to include the mediating role of social schemata in explaining the affective and behavioural responses to voices. Only two interventions have yet targeted social schema variables utilizing different therapeutic approaches, both with some success. These clinical studies, as well as clinical implications drawn from the reviewed literature, will be discussed. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.Key Practitioner Message

Social processes governing relationships in the real world are also at play in the relationship between voice hearer and voice. Social schemas also shape beliefs about—and responses to—voices and thus are important to target in therapy.
Voice hearers may be able to develop a more equal, and thus less distressing, relationship with their voice by improving their perceived social rank relative to others. This may be achieved through assertiveness training, social skills training and/or self‐esteem work.
Cognitive behavioural therapy techniques can be instrumental in helping an individual to consider the beliefs they hold about their voices and the way in which they respond and relate to them.
Addressing how past traumatic experiences have influenced the voice hearer's relationships with others and their voices in therapy is recommended.
Synthesis of Cyclopalladated Derivatives of (E)‐N‐Benzylidene‐2‐(2,6‐dichlorophenyl)ethanamine and Their Reactivity towards Monodentate and Symmetric Bidentate Lewis Bases
Authors: Albert Joan , Bosque Ramón , D'Andrea Lucía , Granell Jaume , Font‐Bardia Mercè , Calvet Teresa 
Published: July 2011

AbstractTreatment of the monoimine (E)‐N‐benzylidene‐2‐(2,6‐dichlorophenyl)ethanamine (1) with a stoichiometric amount of Pd(OAc)2 in acetic acid at 60 °C under nitrogen produced the corresponding acetato‐bridged endo five‐memberedortho‐cyclopalladated dimer [Pd{C6H4CH=N(CH2)2(2,6‐Cl2C6H3)}(μ‐OAc)]2 (2), which was isolated in pure form in 80 % yield. Reaction of 2 with an excess of LiCl in acetone gave rise to the corresponding chlorido‐bridged cyclopalladated dimer [Pd{C6H4CH=N(CH2)2(2,6‐Cl2C6H3)}(μ‐Cl)]2 (3) in 88 % yield. Compounds 2 and 3 reacted with an excess of [D5]pyridine or a stoichiometric amount of PPh3 to give the mononuclear compounds trans‐N,L‐[Pd{C6H4CH=N(CH2)2(2,6‐Cl2C6H3)}(X)(L)] (4: X = OAc, L = [D5]py; 5: X = Cl, L = [D5]py; 6: X = OAc, L = PPh3; 7: X = Cl, L = PPh3). Compounds 4 and 5 were prepared in a CDCl3/[D5]py solution and studied by 1H and 13C{1H} NMR spectroscopy, but they were not isolated. Compound 3 was treated with different types of symmetric bidentate Lewis bases in a 1:1 molar ratio to give high yields of the dinuclear compounds trans‐N,L‐[(Pd{C6H4CH=N(CH2)2(2,6‐Cl2C6H3)}Cl)2{μ‐L2}] [8: L2 = Ph2PCH2CH2PPh2; 9: L2 = trans‐Ph2PCH=CHPPh2; 10: L2 = 4,4′‐bipyridine; 11: L2 = NH2CH2CH2OCH2CH2OCH2CH2NH2; 12: L2 = NH2CH2(CHOH)CH2NH2)] in which the symmetric bidentate Lewis base bridged two identical cyclopalladated units. Compounds 1–3 and 6–12 were fully characterized by elemental analysis, mass spectrometry, IR and 1H and 13C{1H} NMR spectroscopy. In addition, the crystal structures of 2, 8·2CH2Cl2, 10·4CHCl3 and 11·2CH2Cl2 were determined by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction analysis. Also reported is the theoretical study of the differences in the absolute Gibbs free energies in acetone or CHCl3 solution between the cis‐ and trans‐N,L stereoisomers of compounds [Pd(C‐N)(X)(L)] in which Pd(C‐N) is a model of an endo five‐membered ortho‐cyclopalladated imine, X is OAc, Cl, Br or I and L is py, NH3 or PH3.