bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ensemble recording of electrical activity in neurons derived from P19 embryonal carcinoma cells
Authors: Takayama Yuzo , Saito Atsushi , Moriguchi Hiroyuki , Kotani Kiyoshi , Jimbo Yasuhiko 
Published: March 2011

AbstractRegeneration of the central nervous system (CNS) is one of the most important research themes in neuroscience and neuroengineering. It is essential to replenish the lost neurons and to establish appropriate functional neuronal networks using pluripotent stem cells. Little is known, however, about the properties of stem cell‐derived neuronal networks, particularly under the differentiation and development processes. In this work, we cultured P19 embryonal carcinoma cells on microelectrode arrays (MEAs). P19 cells were differentiated into neurons by retinoic acid application and formed densely connected networks. Spontaneous electrical activity was extracellularly recorded through substrate electrodes and analyzed. Synchronized periodic bursts, which were characteristic features in primary cultured CNS neurons, were observed. Pharmacological studies demonstrated that the glutamatergic excitatory synapses and the GABAergic inhibitory synapses were active in these P19‐derived neuronal networks. The results suggested that MEA‐based recording was useful for monitoring differentiation processes of stem cells. P19‐derived neuronal networks had quite similar network properties to those of primary cultured neurons, and thus provide a novel model system to investigate stem cell‐based neuronal regeneration. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electron Comm Jpn, 94(4): 9–19, 2011; Published online in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com). DOI 10.1002/ecj.10325
Asymmetric Transfer Hydrogenation of Aromatic Ketones Using Rhodium Complexes of Chiral N‐Heterocyclic Carbenes Derived from (S)‐Pyroglutamic Acid
Authors: Aupoix Audrey , Bournaud Chloée , Vo‐Thanh Giang 
Published: March 2011

AbstractA new and flexible procedure for the preparation of chiral azolium salts derived from (S)‐pyroglutamic acid has been developed. The efficiency of these ligands has been evaluated in the metal‐catalyzed asymmetric transfer hydrogenation of aromatic ketones in isopropanol. Good enantioselectivities up to 90 % ee were observed.
Electrochemical Oxidation of Native Double‐Stranded DNA on a Graphene‐Modified Glassy Carbon Electrode
Authors: Wang Qingxiang , Zheng Meixia , Shi Juanlan , Gao Feng , Gao Fei 
Published: March 2011

AbstractThe electrochemistry of double‐stranded DNA (dsDNA) was investigated on a graphene‐modified glassy carbon electrode (GR/GCE). Electrochemical characterization showed that GR on GCE surface significantly enhanced the specific surface area and electrical conductivity of the sensing platform. On GR/GCE, the electrooxidation peak of guanine residues in dsDNA was obviously enhanced and the peak potential was significantly lowered as compared to bare GCE. The electrochemical parameters and influence factors for measurements were investigated. Under the optimal conditions, the peak current linearly increased with dsDNA concentrations in the range from 1 to 500 µg mL−1 with a detection limit of 0.35 µg mL−1.
Impact of Ti‐V ratio on the crystalline phase/visible light activity of TiV‐oxide photocatalyst
Authors: Nair Ranjith G. , Tripathi A.M. , Samdarshi S.K. 
Published: March 2011

AbstractTiV‐oxide photocatalysts were synthesized through sol–gel technique for different Ti:V ratio. They were characterized using XRD, SEM, EDAX, UV‐Vis‐DRS, photoluminescence, and FTIR studies. The systems with high Ti:V ratio showed a mixed phase while with low ratio a rutile phase. The sizes of the particles were between 20 and 30 nm showing an increase with change in phase from mixed to rutile. The reflectance spectrum showed a red‐shift in the optical response covering a large portion of visible spectrum. Interestingly, both mixed and rutile phases showed visible light activity in the photodegradation of methylene blue under laboratory conditions. However, mixed‐phase catalyst showed high activity in terms of rate of degradation and photonic efficiency. © 2011 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 2012
Processes affecting fate of toluene during transport through quartz sand
Authors: Chung S.G. , Kim D.J. , Choi J.W. , Lee S.H. 
Published: March 2011

AbstractBiodegradation of organic compounds during transport in aquifer systems has become an important issue in applying bioaugmentation to a target area. In this study, we conducted a set of laboratory column experiments for various patterns of solutes, that is, KCl only, toluene only, toluene and bacterium Pseudomonas putida, to investigate how the processes of sorption, biodegradation, and bacteria affect the fate of toluene during transport through quartz sand. The column experiments revealed that (i) sorption of toluene onto sand occurred irreversibly with a mass loss of 35% without any retardation, (ii) biodegradation also occurred but to a lesser extent (∼21%) than the irreversible sorption, and (iii) for the case of toluene and bacterium, a rather long tailing was present in the effluent concentraion curves of bacterium and toluene. The tailing of bacterial curve can be explained by the secondary energy minimum of DLVO theory. The tailing of toluene curve was attributed to the sorption of toluene onto bacterial cells during transport which was evidenced by the separate biosorption test. This implies that sorption does not affect directly the microbial activity, and the bacterium Pseudomonas putida can impact toluene transport positively (mass loss via biodegradation) as well as negatively (mass added via enhancement) upon simultaneous introduction into the aquifer. These results would provide valuable information on the design of bioaugmentation scheme for bioremediation of groundwater contaminated with BTEX compounds. © 2011 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 2011
Occurrence of l‐γ‐glutamyl‐S‐(1‐hydroxy‐2‐methyl‐3‐pentanyl)‐l‐cysteine and S‐(1‐ethyl‐3‐hydroxy‐2‐methylpropyl)‐l‐cysteine in fresh and processed Allium caepa L. cultivar
Authors: Starkenmann Christian , Niclass Yvan , Cayeux Isabelle 
Published: March 2011

ABSTRACTThe long‐lasting presence of onion flavour in the mouth is due to the action of mouth microflora on non‐volatile flavour precursors. The key odorant for the fresh green onion tonality is (±)‐2‐methyl‐3‐sulfanyl‐pentan‐1‐ol and it should originate from its corresponding cysteine‐S‐conjugate. This paper describes the analysis of onion powder and fresh onion, focusing on the discovery of S‐(1‐ethyl‐3‐hydroxy‐2‐methylpropyl)‐l‐cysteine. This compound is a precursor of a potent volatile sulfur compound, (±)‐2‐methyl‐3‐sulfanyl‐pentan‐1‐ol. Authentic samples of the cysteine‐S‐conjugate (S‐(1‐ethyl‐3‐hydroxy‐2‐methylpropyl)‐l‐cysteine) and the γ‐glutamyl‐cysteine‐S‐conjugate (l‐γ‐glutamyl‐S‐(1‐hydroxy‐2‐methyl‐3‐pentanyl)‐l‐cysteine) were prepared and fully characterized. In the onion powder extract, the presence of l‐γ‐glutamyl‐S‐(1‐hydroxy‐2‐methyl‐3‐pentanyl)‐l‐cysteine was confirmed; the average concentration calculated from four extractions was 1.1 ± 0.3 μg/kg. The occurrence of S‐(1‐ethyl‐3‐hydroxy‐2‐methylpropyl)‐l‐cysteine was also confirmed and the concentration was about 1.3 ± 0.4 μg/kg. In fresh onion, the occurrence of both compounds was also confirmed; the γ‐glutamyl‐cysteine‐S‐conjugate was present at a higher concentration (1.0 μg/kg) compared with cysteine‐S‐conjugate (< 0.1 μg/kg). The formation of (±)‐2‐methyl‐3‐sulfanyl‐pentan‐1‐ol from an onion powder fraction by means of a β‐lyase enzyme (apotryptophanase) confirmed the natural occurrence of these precursors. This analysis is another example showing the role of the glutathione cycle to ultimately release volatile organic sulfur compounds. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Grid‐independent depth‐averaged simulations with a collocated unstructured finite volume scheme
Authors: Larmaei M. Moradi , Behzadi J. , Mahdi Tew‐Fik 
Published: March 2011

SUMMARYIn this article, the depth‐averaged transport equations are written in a new way so that it is possible to solve the transport equations for very small water depths. Variables are interpolated into the cell face with two different schemes and, the schemes are compared in terms of computational cost and accuracy. The bed source terms are computed using two different assumptions. The effect of these assumptions on numerical simulations is then investigated. Solutions of transport equations on different types of unstructured triangular grids are compared and, an appropriate choice of grid is suggested. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A Robust Data‐Mining Approach to Bankruptcy Prediction
Authors: Divsalar Mehdi , Roodsaz Habib , Vahdatinia Farshad , Norouzzadeh Ghassem , Behrooz Amir Hossein 
Published: March 2011

ABSTRACTIn this study, new variants of genetic programming (GP), namely gene expression programming (GEP) and multi‐expression programming (MEP), are utilized to build models for bankruptcy prediction. Generalized relationships are obtained to classify samples of 136 bankrupt and non‐bankrupt Iranian corporations based on their financial ratios. An important contribution of this paper is to identify the effective predictive financial ratios on the basis of an extensive bankruptcy prediction literature review and upon a sequential feature selection analysis. The predictive performance of the GEP and MEP forecasting methods is compared with the performance of traditional statistical methods and a generalized regression neural network. The proposed GEP and MEP models are effectively capable of classifying bankrupt and non‐bankrupt firms and outperform the models developed using other methods. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
FACILITATION OF OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE ACTIVITIES OF IRRIGATION NETWORKS USING A K‐MEANS CLUSTERING METHOD: CASE STUDY OF THE GHAZVIN IRRIGATION NETWORK
Authors: Hashemy Seied Mehdy , Monem Mohamad Javad 
Published: March 2011

ABSTRACTOne of the most important factors in saving limited water resources is improving the performance of irrigation canal networks. To achieve this purpose, improving the operation and maintenance (O&M) activities of irrigation networks is necessary. Most current O&M approaches do not consider the spatial differentiation of networks. Detection of homogeneous areas provides managers with guidelines for planning O&M activities and allocating budgets, labour, and machinery resources. In similar irrigation areas, operators exchange their experience more efficiently. In this paper, the application of K‐means clustering algorithms as a quantitative benchmark for exploring homogeneous areas with similar physical attributes outside the irrigation network region is presented. A K‐means clustering algorithm is applied for spatial clustering of the Ghazvin irrigation network. Five physical attributes of canal reaches, viz. length, capacity, number of off‐takes, number of conveyance structures and the irrigated area covered, are considered. Using a clustering validity index, the 162 canal reaches in the Ghazvin irrigation network are clustered in 10 groups, with members varying from 5 to 30 reaches. Regionalization and assigning the groups to colonies out of the irrigation network district provide a context for better and easier decision making by managers. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Individuals' uncertainty about future social security benefits and portfolio choice
Authors: Delavande Adeline , Rohwedder Susann 
Published: March 2011

AbstractLittle is known about the degree to which individuals are uncertain about their future Social Security benefits, how this varies within the US population, and whether this uncertainty influences financial decisions related to retirement planning. To illuminate these issues, we present empirical evidence from the Health and Retirement Study Internet Survey and document systematic variation in respondents' uncertainty about their future Social Security benefits by individual characteristics. We find that respondents with higher levels of uncertainty about future benefits hold a smaller share of their wealth in stocks. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Can subjective expectations data be used in choice models? evidence on cognitive biases
Authors: Zafar Basit 
Published: March 2011

AbstractA pervasive concern with the use of subjective data in choice models is that they are biased and endogenous. This paper examines the extent to which cognitive biases plague subjective data, and specifically addresses the questions of: (1) whether cognitive dissonance affects the reporting of beliefs; and (2) whether individuals exert sufficient mental effort when probed about their subjective beliefs. For this purpose, I collect a unique panel dataset of Northwestern University undergraduates which contains their subjective expectations about major‐specific outcomes for their chosen major as well as for other alternatives in their choice set. I do not find evidence of cognitive biases systematically affecting the reporting of beliefs. By analyzing patterns of belief updating, I can rule out cognitive dissonance being of serious concern in the current setting. There does not seem to be any systematic (non‐classical) measurement error in the reporting of beliefs: I do not find systematic patterns in mental recall of previous responses, or in the extent of rounding in the reported beliefs for the various majors. Comparison of subjective beliefs with objective measures suggests that students have well‐formed expectations. Overall, the results paint a favorable picture for the use of subjective expectations data in choice models. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Measuring consumer uncertainty about future inflation
Authors: De Bruin Wändi Bruine , Manski Charles F. , Topa Giorgio , van der Klaauw Wilbert 
Published: March 2011

AbstractWe introduce a survey‐based measure of uncertainty about future inflation, asking consumers for density forecasts across inflation outcomes. Consumers are willing and able to express uncertainty, showing high response rates and response patterns that are reliably related to qualitative measures of uncertainty. Heterogeneity in expressed uncertainty is associated with demographic characteristics and financial literacy, and measures of central tendency derived from density forecasts are strongly correlated with point forecasts. Furthermore, expressed uncertainty is positively related to point forecast levels and to larger revisions in point forecasts over time. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The novel phloroglucinol PMT7 kills glycolytic cancer cells by blocking autophagy and sensitizing to nutrient stress
Authors: Broadley Kate , Larsen Lesley , Herst Patries M. , Smith Robin A.J. , Berridge Michael V. , McConnell Melanie J. 
Published: March 2011

AbstractThe switch from oxidative phosphorylation to glycolytic metabolism results in cells that generate fewer reactive oxygen species (ROS) and are resistant to the intrinsic induction of apoptosis. As a consequence, glycolytic cancer cells are resistant to radiation and chemotherapeutic agents that rely on production of ROS or intrinsic apoptosis. Further, the level of glycolysis correlates with tumor invasion, making glycolytic cancer cells an important target for new therapy development. We have synthesized a novel redox‐active quinone phloroglucinol derivative, PMT7. Toxicity of PMT7 was in part due to loss of mitochondrial membrane potential in treated cells with subsequent loss of mitochondrial metabolic activity. Mitochondrial gene knockout ρ0 cells, a model of highly glycolytic cancers, were only half as sensitive as the corresponding wild‐type cells and metabolic pathways downstream of MET were unaffected in ρ0 cells. However, PMT7 toxicity was also due to a block in autophagy. Both wild‐type and ρ0 cells were susceptible to autophagy blockade, and the resistance of ρ0 cells to PMT7 could be overcome by serum deprivation, a situation where autophagy becomes necessary for survival. The stress response class III deacetylase SIRT1 was not significantly involved in PMT7 toxicity, suggesting that unlike other chemotherapeutic drugs, SIRT1‐mediated stress and survival responses were not induced by PMT7. The dependence on autophagy or other scavenging pathways makes glycolytic cancer cells vulnerable. This can be exploited by induction of energetic stress to specifically sensitize glycolytic cells to other stresses such as nutrient deprivation or potentially chemotherapy. J. Cell. Biochem. 112: 1869–1879, 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
β‐catenin mediates cyclic strain‐stimulated cardiomyogenesis in mouse embryonic stem cells through ROS‐dependent and integrin‐mediated PI3K/Akt pathways
Authors: Heo Jung Sun , Lee Jeong‐Chae 
Published: March 2011

AbstractWnt/β‐catenin signaling regulates various cellular events involved in the proliferation and differentiation and these events are affected sensitively by applying to mechanical stimuli. However, the mechanisms by which mechanical force stimulates cardiomyogenesis are not extensively explored. In this study we investigated the cellular mechanisms by which β‐catenin signaling regulates cardiac differentiation of strain‐subjected embryonic stem (ES) cells. The application of cells to cyclic strain increased beating cardiomyocyte foci with the attendant increases of Cx 43 and Nkx 2.5 proteins. Anti‐oxidants such as vitamin C or N‐acetyl cysteine (NAC) blocked the strain‐mediated increases of Cx 43, Nkx 2.5, and α5/β1 integrins. These anti‐oxidants also suppressed the activation of phosphoinositide 3‐kinase (PI3K) and Akt in cyclic strain‐subjected cells. Western blot analysis revealed that PI3K is a critical downstream effector of β1 integrin signaling and mediates Cx 43 and Nkx 2.5 expression in cyclic strain‐applied ES cells. Cyclic strain increased the expression of β‐catenin and stimulated its nuclear translocation from the cytosol, which was prevented by anti‐oxidant treatment. In addition, the application to cyclic strain increased mRNA expression of β‐catenin target genes, Axin2 and c‐myc, as well as the phosphorylation of glycogen synthase kinase‐3β. Furthermore, the blockage of β‐catenin by its specific siRNA transfection diminished the cellular levels of Cx 43 and Nkx 2.5 proteins and the number of beating cardiomyocyte foci. Collectively, these results suggest that β‐catenin‐mediated signaling is required for cyclic strain‐stimulated cardiomyogenesis through ROS‐dependent and integrin‐mediated PI3K–Akt signaling cascades. J. Cell. Biochem. 112: 1880–1889, 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
IL‐1β favors osteoclastogenesis via supporting human periodontal ligament fibroblasts
Authors: Bloemen Veerle , Schoenmaker Ton , de Vries Teun J. , Everts Vincent 
Published: March 2011

AbstractThe balance between bone formation and bone resorption in inflammatory diseases is often disturbed. Periodontitis, a chronic inflammation of the tooth gums, leads to unwanted bone loss as a response to inflammatory compounds such as interleukin‐1β (IL‐1β). This excessive bone loss reflects an increased osteoclast formation and activity. Osteoclast formation is a multistep process driven by osteoclastogenesis supporting cells such as periodontal ligament fibroblasts. The inflammatory factors can induce osteoclastogenesis, probably also by affecting the periodontal ligament fibroblast. In this study we investigated how pre‐culture of periodontal ligament fibroblasts with IL‐1β affected osteoclastogenesis. Fibroblasts were pre‐cultured with IL‐1β and/or dexamethasone, a commonly used anti‐inflammatory compound, before being co‐cultured with peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Pre‐culture with IL‐1β (1–100 ng/ml) resulted in an increased number of adhered PBMCs as well as an increased mRNA expression of intercellular adhesion molecule‐1 (ICAM‐1), macrophage colony stimulating factor (M‐CSF) and IL‐1β. Pre‐culture with IL‐1β also caused retraction of fibroblasts and an augmented formation of TRACP+ multinucleated cells. Our data suggest that stimulation of fibroblasts with IL‐1β has a long‐lasting effect, leading to a significantly increased osteoclastogenesis. These results provide new insights for understanding excessive bone loss in periodontitis. J. Cell. Biochem. 112: 1890–1897, 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Simulated microgravity promoted differentiation of bipotential murine oval liver stem cells by modulating BMP4/notch1 signaling
Authors: Majumder Syamantak , Siamwala Jamila H. , Srinivasan Sundaramoorthy , Sinha Swaraj , Sridhara Sree Rama Chaitanya , Soundararajan Gowrishankar , Seerapu Himabindu Reddy , Chatterjee Suvro 
Published: March 2011

AbstractFaster growth and differentiation of liver stem cells to hepatocyte is one of the key factors during liver regeneration. In recent years, simulated microgravity, a physical force has shown to differentially regulate the differentiation and proliferation of stem cells. In the present work, we studied the effect of simulated microgravity on differentiation and proliferation of liver stem cells. The cells were subjected to microgravity, which was simulated using indigenously fabricated 3D clinostat. Proliferation, apoptosis, immunofluorescence assays and Western blot analysis were carried out to study the effects of simulated microgravity on liver stem cells. Microgravity treatment for 2 h enhanced proliferation of stem cells by twofold without inducing apoptosis and compromising cell viability. Analysis of hepatocyte nuclear factor 4‐α (HNF4‐α) expression after 2 h of microgravity treatment revealed that microgravity alone can induce the differentiation of stem cells within 2–3 days. Probing bone morphogenic protein 4 (BMP4) and Notch1 in microgravity treated stem cells elaborated downregulation of Notch1 and upregulation of BMP4 after 2 days of incubation. Further, blocking BMP4 using dorsomorphin and chordin conditioned media from chordin plasmid transfected cells attenuated microgravity mediated differentiation of liver stem cells. In conclusion, microgravity interplays with BMP4/Notch1 signaling in stem cells thus inducing differentiation of stem cells to hepatocytes. Present findings can be implicated in clinical studies where microgravity activated stem cells can regenerate the liver efficiently after liver injury. J. Cell. Biochem. 112: 1898–1908, 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Integrin αvβ3 promotes vitronectin gene expression in human ovarian cancer cells by implicating rel transcription factors
Authors: Reuning Ute 
Published: March 2011

AbstractWe previously showed that integrin αvβ3 expression upon engagement by its major ligand vitronectin (VN) correlated with enhanced human ovarian cancer cell adhesion, motility, and proliferation, by triggering intracellular signaling events, ultimately leading to altered gene expression. In the present study, we characterized cellular VN expression as a function of αvβ3 and noticed significant upregulation of VN protein which was reflected by elevated VN gene transcription. In order to identify specific transcription factors involved in the αvβ3‐regulatory effect on VN, we generated different VN promoter mutants. We noticed that disruption of the DNA consensus motif for Rel proteins did not only prominently reduce VN promoter activity but, moreover, led to a loss of responsiveness to αvβ3, suggesting a crucial role of Rel proteins in αvβ3‐provoked VN induction. In cell migration studies, we confirmed increased cell motility as a function of αvβ3/VN which was further enhanced by raising cellular Rel transcription factor levels. Thus, the data of the present study elucidated a positive feedback regulatory loop on VN expression by αvβ3 implicating transcription factors of the Rel family. Hence by altering the composition of the extracellular matrix upon additional VN synthesis and deposition, tumor cells might be enabled to modulate their surrounding reactive microenvironment towards enhanced αvβ3/VN‐interactions and, consequently, intrinsic intracellular signaling events affecting cancer progression. J. Cell. Biochem. 112: 1909–1919, 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.