bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Composite 2-Higgs doublet model: strong effects on Higgs pair production
Authors: De Curtis Stefania , Rose Luigi Delle , Egle Felix , Moretti Stefano , Mühlleitner Margarete , Sakurai Kodai 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
We show how effects of compositeness emerging in a Composite 2-Higgs Doublet Model can enter Standard Model (SM)-like Higgs boson pair production at the Large Hadron Collider in both resonant and non-resonant mode. Such effects can arise from modified trilinear Higgs self-couplings and top-Yukawa couplings, as well as from loops of new heavy quarks and additional quartic Higgs-fermion interactions. In the resonant case, significant distortions of the Breit-Wigner shape of a new scalar state decaying into the two SM-like Higgs states may occur due to interference effects amongst not only the SM-like diagrams but also those involving the new heavy quarks. In the non-resonant case, a modification of the underlying line-shape and a local maximum at twice a new heavy quark mass appear simultaneously. We quantify these effects by taking into account the relevant theoretical and latest experimental bounds.
Tensionless strings in a Kalb-Ramond background
Authors: Banerjee Aritra , Chatterjee Ritankar , Pandit Priyadarshini 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
We investigate tensionless (or null) bosonic string theory with a Kalb-Ramond background turned on. In analogy with the tensile case, we find that the Kalb-Ramond field has a non-trivial effect on the spectrum only when the theory is compactified on an (S1)⊗d background with d ≥ 2. We discuss the effect of this background field on the tensionless spectrum constructed on three known consistent null string vacua. We elucidate further on the intriguing fate of duality symmetries in these classes of string theories when the background field is turned on.
A Representation Theorem for Archimedean Riesz Spaces
Authors: Wickstead A. W. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIn previous works, Buskes and the author have made use of representations of Archimedean Riesz spaces in terms of real-valued continuous functions defined on dense open subsets of a topological space in studying tensor products. These representations may be obtained from the Ogasawara–Maeda representation by means of restriction to the set on which representing functions are real-valued, rather than infinite. In this note, we show how to obtain such a representation as a simple consequence of the Krein–Kakutani representation of an order unit space. We conclude by studying the representation of Riesz homomorphisms in this setting.
Pólya-type estimates for the first Robin eigenvalue of elliptic operators
Authors: Della Pietra Francesco 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe aim of this paper is to obtain optimal estimates for the first Robin eigenvalue of the anisotropic p-Laplace operator, namely: $$\begin{aligned} \lambda _F(\beta ,\Omega )= \min _{\psi \in W^{1,p}(\Omega ){\setminus }\{0\} } \frac{\displaystyle \int _\Omega F(\nabla \psi )^p dx +\beta \int _{\partial \Omega }|\psi |^p F(\nu _{\Omega }) d{\mathcal {H}}^{N-1} }{\displaystyle \int _\Omega |\psi |^p dx}, \end{aligned}$$

λ
F

(
β
,
Ω
)

=

min

ψ
∈

W

1
,
p

(
Ω
)

\

{
0
}

∫
Ω

F

(
∇
ψ
)

p

d
x
+
β

∫

∂
Ω

|
ψ
|

p

F

(

ν
Ω

)

d

H

N
-
1

∫
Ω

|
ψ
|

p

d
x

,

where $$p\in ]1,+\infty [,$$

p
∈
]
1
,
+
∞
[
,

$$\Omega $$
Ω
is a bounded, convex domain in $${\mathbb {R}}^{N},$$

R

N

,

$$\nu _{\Omega }$$

ν
Ω

is its Euclidean outward normal, $$\beta $$
β
is a real number, and F is a sufficiently smooth norm on $${\mathbb {R}}^{N}.$$

R

N

.

We show an upper bound for $$\lambda _{F}(\beta ,\Omega )$$

λ
F

(
β
,
Ω
)

in terms of the first eigenvalue of a one-dimensional nonlinear problem, which depends on $$\beta $$
β
and on the volume and the anisotropic perimeter of $$\Omega ,$$

Ω
,

in the spirit of the classical estimates of Pólya (J Indian Math Soc (NS) 24:413–419, 1961) for the Euclidean Dirichlet Laplacian. We will also provide a lower bound for the torsional rigidity $$\begin{aligned} \tau _p(\beta ,\Omega )^{p-1} = \max _{\begin{array}{c} \psi \in W^{1,p}(\Omega ){\setminus }\{0\} \end{array}} \dfrac{\left( \displaystyle \int _\Omega |\psi | \, dx\right) ^p}{\displaystyle \int _\Omega F(\nabla \psi )^p dx+\beta \int _{\partial \Omega }|\psi |^p F(\nu _{\Omega }) d{\mathcal {H}}^{N-1} } \end{aligned}$$

τ
p

(
β
,
Ω
)

p
-
1

=

max

ψ
∈

W

1
,
p

(
Ω
)

\

{
0
}

∫
Ω

|
ψ
|

d
x

p

∫
Ω

F

(
∇
ψ
)

p

d
x
+
β

∫

∂
Ω

|
ψ
|

p

F

(

ν
Ω

)

d

H

N
-
1

when $$\beta >0.$$

β
>
0
.

The obtained results are new also in the case of the classical Euclidean Laplacian.
Laparoscopic Sigmoid Vaginoplasty for the Treatment of Mayer–Rokitansky–Kuster–Hauser Syndrome in a Single Center: 20 years’ Experience
Authors: Yang Lu , Xu Guanghua , Tao Kaixiong , Lv Gang , Wang Zehua 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Introduction and hypothesis
We investigate the feasibility, safety, and clinical therapeutic effect of laparoscopic sigmoid vaginoplasty in women with Mayer–Rokitansky–Kuster–Hauser (MRKH) syndrome.

Methods
We performed a retrospective case review cohort study of 56 patients with MRKHs undergoing laparoscopic sigmoid vaginoplasty in Wuhan Union Hospital between 2000 and 2020, and all patients were followed up.

Results
The median operating time was 165 min (120–420 min). The median hospital stay was 10 days (rang 7–15 days). A functional neovagina was created 11–15 cm in length and two fingers in breadth in all patients. No introitus stenosis was observed. No intra- or post-operative complications occurred. Two patients were lost to follow-up after 3 months of outpatient visits. Six patients had no intercourse and were required to wear a vaginal mold occasionally. None of the patients had complained of local irritation or dyspareunia. Patients who had post-surgery sexual intercourse were satisfied with their sexual life and the mean total Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) score was 25.17 ± 0.63. The cosmetic results were excellent.

Conclusions
The laparoscopic sigmoid vaginoplasty can achieve the goal of making a functional neovagina. The main advantage of this surgical technique is that it is minimally invasive and that there are fewer complications post-operation. It is an acceptable procedure for patients with MRKH syndrome.
The usefulness of super-selective arterial spin labeling for postoperative evaluation of pediatric moyamoya disease: technical note
Authors: Yoshikane Tsutomu , Hayashi Kentaro , Obara Makoto , Katsube Takeshi , Asou Hiroya 
Published: June 2024

AbstractMoyamoya disease is characterized by progressive internal carotid artery (ICA) occlusion. Extracranial-intracranial bypass surgery is effective, particularly in pediatric patients; imaging plays a crucial role in evaluating intracranial perfusion pre- and post-surgery. Arterial spin labeling (ASL) is a magnetic resonance technique employed for noninvasive, whole-brain perfusion assessment by magnetically labeling inflowing blood. However, ASL cannot evaluate the territories and development of each vessel perfusion compared with digital subtraction angiography (DSA). Recently, super-selective ASL (SS-ASL) has been developed, performing pinpoint labeling on a specific artery at a time, and offering a tomographic view that distinctly displays blood supply areas for each vessel. Unlike DSA, SS-ASL is noninvasive and can be repeatedly performed in pediatric patients. In conclusion, SS-ASL is useful for evaluating bypass development over time and understanding the pathophysiology of pediatric moyamoya disease.
The PLET (Portable Laparoscopic Endo-Trainer) study: a randomized controlled trial of home- versus hospital-based surgical training
Authors: Kuemmerli Christoph , Linke Katja , Daume Diana , Germann Nicolas , Peterli Ralph , Müller-Stich Beat , Klasen Jennifer M. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of training with a personal, portable laparoscopic endo-trainer (PLET) on residents’ laparoscopic skills.

Methods
The study took place at a tertiary-care academic university hospital in Switzerland. All participants were randomized to either a home- or hospital-based PLET training group, and surgical skill performance was assessed using five laparoscopic exercises. 24 surgical residents, 13 females and 11 males, were enrolled at any training stage. Nine residents completed the assessments. Endpoints consisted of subjective and objective assessment ratings as well as exercise time and qualitative data up to 12 weeks. The primary outcome was the difference in exercise time and secondary outcomes included performance scores as well as qualitative data.

Results
The hospital-based training group performed exercises number 1, 3 and 4 faster at 12 weeks than at baseline (p = .003, < 0.001 and 0.024). Surgical skill performance was not statistically significantly different in any of the endpoints between the hospital- and home-based training groups at 12 weeks. Both the subjective and objective assessment ratings significantly improved in the hospital-based training group between baseline and 12 weeks (p = .006 and 0.003, respectively). There was no statistically significant improvement in exercise time as well as subjective and objective assessment ratings over time in the home-based training group. The qualitative data suggested that participants who were randomized to the hospital-based training group wished to have the PLET at home and vice versa. Several participants across groups lacked motivation because of their workload or time constraints, though most believed the COVID-19 pandemic had no influence on their motivation or the time they had for training.

Conclusion
The PLET enhances laparoscopic surgical skills over time in a hospital-based training setting. In order to understand and optimize motivational factors, further research is needed.

Trial registration
This trial was retrospectively registered on clinicaltrials.gov (NCT06301230).
COMMD10 inhibited DNA damage to promote the progression of gastric cancer
Authors: Liu Xiaohua , Mao Xiaocheng , Zhu Chao , liu Hongfei , Fang Yangyang , Fu Tianmei , Fan Linwei , Liu Mengwei , Xiong Ziqing , Tang Hong , Hu Piaoping , Le Aiping 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Purpose
The copper metabolism MURR1 domain 10 (COMMD10) plays a role in a variety of tumors. Here, we investigated its role in gastric cancer (GC).

Methods
Online prediction tools, quantitative real-time PCR, western blotting and immunohistochemistry were used to evaluate the expression of COMMD10 in GC. The effect of COMMD10 knockdown was investigated in the GC cell lines and in in vivo xenograft tumor experiments. Western blotting and immunofluorescence were used to explore the relationships between COMMD10 and DNA damage.

Results
The expression of COMMD10 was upregulated in GC compared to that in para-cancerous tissue and correlated with a higher clinical TNM stage (P = 0.044) and tumor size (P = 0.0366). High COMMD10 expression predicted poor prognosis in GC. Knockdown of COMMD10 resulted in the suppression of cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, accompanied by cell cycle arrest and an elevation in apoptosis rate. Moreover, the protein expression of COMMD10 was decreased in cisplatin-induced DNA-damaged GC cells. Suppression of COMMD10 impeded DNA damage repair, intensified DNA damage, and activated ATM–p53 signaling pathway in GC. Conversely, restoration of COMMD10 levels suppressed DNA damage and activation of the ATM-p53 signaling cascade. Additionally, knockdown of COMMD10 significantly restrained the growth of GC xenograft tumors while inhibiting DNA repair, augmenting DNA damage, and activating the ATM–p53 signaling pathway in xenograft tumor tissue.

Conclusion
COMMD10 is involved in DNA damage repair and maintains genomic stability in GC; knockdown of COMMD10 impedes the development of GC by exacerbating DNA damage, suggesting that COMMD10 may be new target for GC therapy.
The Oropharyngeal Dysphagia Screening Test for Patients and Professionals: Validation in Cognitive Impairment and in Severe Mental Illness
Authors: Mata Sara , Blánquez Blas , Serrano Francisca 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Dysphagia is a symptom that appears with high prevalence in persons diagnosed with dementia, intellectual disability, or severe mental illness. Risk of aspiration pneumonia or even death is very high in these populations. However, screening for dysphagia risk in these patients is complicated by the fact that most of them suffer from cognitive impairments and behavioral manifestations that hinder the assessment process using the existing screening tests. The aim of this study was to validate the Oropharyngeal Dysphagia Screening Test for Patients and Professionals, in patients with cognitive impairment (dementia/intellectual disability) or with severe mental illness (schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders, bipolar disorder, or major depressive disorder). For this purpose, 148 institutionalized patients were evaluated by professionals responsible for their food intake. The Oropharyngeal Dysphagia Screening Test for Patients and Professionals was used to assess its validity in screening for oropharyngeal dysphagia in patients with cognitive impairments and in patients with severe mental illness. Also, the Eating Assessment Tool-10 and the Swallowing Disturbance Questionnaire were used for convergent reliability procedures. Four comparison groups were established: patients with cognitive impairment with and without oropharyngeal dysphagia, and patients with severe mental illness with and without oropharyngeal dysphagia. Results from the Oropharyngeal Dysphagia Screening Test for Patients and Professionals adequately distinguished between groups with and without dysphagia, in addition to presenting adequate levels of convergent validity and reliability. These results were obtained from other-reports (professionals responsible for patients’ food intake), using a simple, quickly applied test that does not require the use of food in patients with an altered cognitive state or with severe mental illness. With this study we expand the validity of the Oropharyngeal Dysphagia Screening Test for Patients and Professionals in populations with severe cognitive deficits and mental illness in which there is a great deficiency of oropharyngeal dysphagia screening instruments.
Real time organ hypoperfusion detection using Indocyanine Green in a piglet model
Authors: Oppermann Carolin , Dohrn Niclas , Pardes Helin Yikilmaz , Klein Mads Falk , Eriksen Thomas , Gögenur Ismail 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
Preserving sufficient oxygen supply to the tissue is fundamental for maintaining organ function. However, our ability to identify those at risk and promptly recognize tissue hypoperfusion during abdominal surgery is limited. To address this problem, we aimed to develop a new method of perfusion monitoring that can be used during surgical procedures and aid surgeons’ decision-making.

Methods
In this experimental porcine study, thirteen subjects were randomly assigned one organ of interest [stomach (n = 3), ascending colon (n = 3), rectum (n = 3), and spleen (n = 3)]. After baseline perfusion recordings, using high-frequency, low-dose bolus injections with weight-adjusted (0.008 mg/kg) ICG, organ-supplying arteries were manually and completely occluded leading to hypoperfusion of the target organ. Continuous organ perfusion monitoring was performed throughout the experimental conditions.

Results
After manual occlusion of pre-selected organ-supplying arteries, occlusion of the peripheral arterial supply translated in an immediate decrease in oscillation signal in most organs (3/3 ventricle, 3/3 ascending colon, 3/3 rectum, 2/3 spleen). Occlusion of the central arterial supply resulted in a further decrease or complete disappearance of the oscillation curves in the ventricle (3/3), ascending colon (3/3), rectum (3/3), and spleen (1/3).

Conclusion
Continuous organ-perfusion monitoring using a high-frequency, low-dose ICG bolus regimen can detect organ hypoperfusion in real-time.
A surgical activity model of laparoscopic cholecystectomy for co-operation with collaborative robots
Authors: Younis R. , Yamlahi A. , Bodenstedt S. , Scheikl PM. , Kisilenko A. , Daum M. , Schulze A. , Wise P. A. , Nickel F. , Mathis-Ullrich F. , Maier-Hein L. , Müller-Stich BP. , Speidel S. , Distler M. , Weitz J. , Wagner M. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is a very frequent surgical procedure. However, in an ageing society, less surgical staff will need to perform surgery on patients. Collaborative surgical robots (cobots) could address surgical staff shortages and workload. To achieve context-awareness for surgeon-robot collaboration, the intraoperative action workflow recognition is a key challenge.

Methods
A surgical process model was developed for intraoperative surgical activities including actor, instrument, action and target in laparoscopic cholecystectomy (excluding camera guidance). These activities, as well as instrument presence and surgical phases were annotated in videos of laparoscopic cholecystectomy performed on human patients (n = 10) and on explanted porcine livers (n = 10). The machine learning algorithm Distilled-Swin was trained on our own annotated dataset and the CholecT45 dataset. The validation of the model was conducted using a fivefold cross-validation approach.

Results
In total, 22,351 activities were annotated with a cumulative duration of 24.9 h of video segments. The machine learning algorithm trained and validated on our own dataset scored a mean average precision (mAP) of 25.7% and a top K = 5 accuracy of 85.3%. With training and validation on our dataset and CholecT45, the algorithm scored a mAP of 37.9%.

Conclusions
An activity model was developed and applied for the fine-granular annotation of laparoscopic cholecystectomies in two surgical settings. A machine recognition algorithm trained on our own annotated dataset and CholecT45 achieved a higher performance than training only on CholecT45 and can recognize frequently occurring activities well, but not infrequent activities.
The analysis of an annotated dataset allowed for the quantification of the potential of collaborative surgical robots to address the workload of surgical staff. If collaborative surgical robots could grasp and hold tissue, up to 83.5% of the assistant’s tissue interacting tasks (i.e. excluding camera guidance) could be performed by robots.
Healthy environments for athleTes (HEAT): environmental conditions along a 90 km ultra-marathon event, South Africa
Authors: Havenga H. , Gharbi D. , Sewry N. , Language B. , Neumann F. H. , Finch J. M. , Hill T. , Boulter J. , Jordaan E. , Piketh S. J. , Schwellnus M. , Burger R. P. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis paper provides an overview of the HEAT (Healthy Environments for AthleTes) project, which aims to understand the impact of environmental conditions on athlete health and performance during major sporting events such as long-distance running, cycling, and triathlons. In collaboration with the SAFER (Strategies to reduce Adverse medical events For the ExerciseR) initiative, the HEAT project carried out a field campaign at the 2022 Comrades Marathon in the KwaZulu-Natal province of South Africa. The measurement campaign deployed seven weather stations, seven PM2.5 monitors and one spore trap along the 90 km route to capture spatially representative measurements of complex micro-climates, allergenic aerospora, and particulate matter exposure. The results indicate that runners were exposed to moderate risk heat stress conditions. Novel findings from this initial campaign shows elevated and potentially harmful PM2.5 levels at spectator areas, possibly coinciding with small fire events around the race day festivities. Our findings show values PM2.5 levels over the WHO 24-h guidelines at all stations, while 2000 µg/m3 at two stations. However, the lack of an acute exposure standard means direct health impacts cannot be quantified in the context of a sport event. The HEAT project highlights important aspects of race day monitoring; regional scale climatology has an impact on the race day conditions, the microclimatic conditions (pollution and meteorology) are not necessarily captured by proximity instruments and direct environmental measurements are required to accurately capture conditions along the route.
A theoretical explanation for how a nutrition counseling and medically tailored meal delivery program benefitted participants living with lung cancer
Authors: Rothpletz-Puglia Pamela , Smith Jade , Pavuk Chloe , Leotta Jana , Pike Kimberli , Presley Carolyn J. , Krok-Schoen Jessica L. , Braun Ashlea , Cohen Mary Kathryn , Rogers Gail T. , Chui Kenneth Kwan Ho , Zhang Fang Fang , Spees Colleen K. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this study was to assess participants’ perceptions and experiences while participating in a Food is Medicine medically tailored meal plus intensive nutrition counseling intervention to create a theoretical explanation about how the intervention worked.

Methods
This interpretive qualitative study included the use of semi-structured interviews with active participants in a randomized controlled trial aimed at understanding how a medically tailored meal plus nutrition counseling intervention worked for vulnerable individuals with lung cancer treated at four cancer centers across the USA. During the 8-month long study, participants in the intervention arm were asked to be interviewed, which were recorded, transcribed verbatim, and analyzed using conventional content analysis with principles of grounded theory.

Results
Twenty individuals participated. Data analysis resulted in a theoretical explanation of the intervention’s mechanism of action. The explanatory process includes three linked and propositional categories leading to patient resilience: engaging in treatment, adjusting to diagnosis, and active coping. The medically tailored meals plus nutrition counseling engaged participants throughout treatment, which helped participants adjust to their diagnosis, leading to active coping through intentional self-care, behavior change, and improved quality of life.

Conclusions
These findings provide evidence that a Food is Medicine intervention may buffer some of the adversity related to the diagnosis of lung cancer and create a pathway for participants to experience post-traumatic growth, develop resilience, and change behaviors to actively cope with lung cancer. Medically tailored meals plus intensive nutrition counseling informed by motivational interviewing supported individuals’ adjustment to their diagnosis and resulted in perceived positive behavior change.