bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploring the Brain’s Response to Food Stimuli in Anorexia Nervosa: A Comprehensive Meta-Analysis of Neuroimaging Studies
Authors: Bò Elisa Dal , Zurlo Letizia , Cecchetto Cinzia , Gentili Claudio 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Despite the increased interest in understanding the neural underpinnings of Anorexia Nervosa (AN), its neurobiology is poorly understood. This activation likelihood estimation (ALE) meta-analysis aimed to explore brain activity during food stimuli processing among individuals with AN and those who have recovered (REC). Following the PRISMA guidelines, we searched throughout PubMed and PsycInfo, until the 28th of June 2023. Twenty-six publications were included, encompassing data from 403 AN, 141 REC, and 472 HC. The findings indicated significant convergence in the left Inferior Parietal Lobule (IPL) in the HC > AN + REC contrast, whereas the AN + REC > HC contrast did not yield any significant cluster. From the sensitivity analyses confined to studies encompassing solely visual stimuli, the same significant cluster (left IPL) emerged for the HC > AN + REC contrast and no significant convergence was found for the reverse contrast, showing that the stimulation employed (visual, taste-based or olfactory cues) does not affect the food stimuli processing. Furthermore, when limited to studies involving only AN participants, the sensitivity analyses found no significant convergence for either the HC > AN or the reverse contrast. The fact that no significant cluster emerged when excluding REC participants from the analyses, together with a qualitative analysis of the results from the merged sample (i.e., HC > AN + REC contrast), suggests that REC individuals maintain the dysfunctional pattern. The hypoactivation of the left IPL supports its role in body image disturbance, diminished somatosensory-gustatory processing related to fasting, and fear with weight gain, three core symptoms of AN.
Double-responsive platinum nanoclusters combined with CXCR4 antagonists and PD-L1 inhibitors for multimodal synergistic treatment of acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Wang Zhen , Zhang Yan , Fu Ting , Chen Liang , Li Kaiqiang , Xu Li , Sun Yuxiang , Kong Fei 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Patients diagnosed with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) continue to encounter adverse outcomes, such as relapse, drug resistance, and toxicities, even after receiving treatment. Long-term AML control needs to explore a variety of novel treatment options because the core clinical treatment of AML has remained basically unchanged for the last few decades. The CXCR4/CXCL12 biological axis and the PD-1/PD-L1 immune checkpoint are regarded as potential targets for tumor treatment. The dual-responsive platinum nanoclusters are rationally designed for the treatment of AML, utilizing the CXCR4 antagonists and PD-L1 inhibitors, in conjunction with chemodynamic therapy. The findings indicate that platinum nanoclusters possess the capability to migrate into the bone marrow cavity of leukemic mice, inhibit AML cells from homing to the bone marrow or infiltrating into the liver and spleen, significantly enhance the anti-leukemia immune response, alleviate drug resistance, prolong the survival time of leukemic mice, and inhibit the growth and recurrence of leukemic mice. Hence, this multi-mechanism synergistic treatment strategy is anticipated to effectively address the recurrence and drug resistance of AML, thereby presenting an innovative approach for leukemia treatment.
Genome-wide analysis of MLO genes reveals evolutionary characteristics and patterns favorable for understanding plant-pathogen interactions
Authors: Pereira Welison Andrade , Maciel Yasmin Meireles Costa , Costa Francisco Cleilson Lopes , Rodrigues Lais Nóbrega , Kanyuka Kostya 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Mildew Resistance Locus O (MLO) proteins play a crucial role in plant-pathogen interactions, especially with regard to susceptibility to powdery mildew (PM). In this study, structural characteristics of MLO genes and proteins in several plant species and phylogenetic relationships were investigated, highlighting evolutionary patterns and characteristics responsible for the function of these proteins. To this end, MLO genes associated with plant susceptibility to PM and their putative promoter regions (PPRs) were investigated in relation to their genomic characteristics and composition of cis-regulatory elements (CREs). From the amino acid sequences, various biochemical and cytological properties were studied, also obtaining a phylogenetic reconstruction. Both the topology of the segments (extracellular, transmembrane and cytoplasmic) of the MLO proteins and the identity matrices of these regions were analyzed. MLO proteins have a basic character, are rich in leucine, and present structural patterns such as functional domains, structural motifs, amino acid composition, and subcellular localization. As for the evolutionary highlights, the phylogenetic analysis revealed groupings consistent with the taxonomic classification of some families, such as Poaceae, Solanaceae and Brassicaceae. Analysis of identity matrices demonstrated that segments of the extracellular space are less conserved than those of the cytoplasmic space, with the transmembrane regions being the most conserved. The genes present a relatively conserved pattern in the size and distribution of introns/exons, and in relation to PPRs, specific patterns of CREs constitution were observed in the different clades, which implies the potential complexity of regulating the expression of these genes.
Unveiling Myocardial Microstructure Shifts: Exploring the Impact of Diabetes in Stable CAD Patients through CMR T1 Mapping
Authors: Boros Gustavo André Boeing , Hueb Whady , Rezende Paulo Cury , Rochitte Carlos Eduardo , Lima Eduardo Gomes , Ribeiro Matheus de Oliveira Laterza , Dallazen Anderson Roberto , Garcia Rosa Maria Rahmi , Ramires Jose Antonio Franchini , Filho Roberto Kalil 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background: This study investigates myocardial structural changes in stable coronary artery disease (CAD) patients with type 2 diabetes using cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) strain and T1 mapping.
Methods: A total of 155 stable CAD patients underwent CMR examination, including LV morphology and function assessment, late gadolinium enhancement (LGE), and feature tracking (CMR-FT) for LV global longitudinal, circumferential, and radial strain. T1 mapping with extracellular volume (ECV) evaluation was also performed.
Results: Among the enrolled patients, 67 had type 2 diabetes. Diabetic patients exhibited impaired LV strain and higher ECV compared to non-diabetics. Multivariate analysis identified type 2 diabetes as an independent predictor of increased ECV and decreased strain.
Conclusions: CMR-based T1 mapping highlights impaired myocardial contractility, elevated ECV, and potential interstitial fibrosis in diabetic patients with stable CAD. This suggests a significant impact of diabetes on myocardial health beyond CAD, emphasizing the importance of comprehensive assessment in these individuals.
The relationship between tumour necrosis, systemic inflammation, body composition and survival in patients with colon cancer Does tumour necrosis drive cachexia?
Authors: Dolan Ross D , Pennel Kathryn , Thompson Joshua , McKenzie Molly , Alexander Peter , Richards Colin , Black Douglas , Abbass Tanvir , Maka Noori , McGovern Josh , Roseweir Antonia , McSorley Stephen T , Horgan Paul G , Roxburgh Campbell , McMillan Donald , Edwards Joanne 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background: In cancer cachexia the relationship between the tumour, its environment and the systemic inflammatory response is not clear. This study aims to examine this relationship in greater detail.
Methods: Host characteristics included the presence of an SIR as measured by Systemic Inflammatory Grade (SIG), sarcopenia (SMI) and myosteatosis (SMD) were measured. Categorical variables were analysed using χ2 test for linear-by-linear association, or χ2 test for 2 by 2 tables. Survival analysis was carried out using univariate Cox regression.
Results: 473 patients were included. 66% were over 65, 56% were male and 54.8% had an ASA grade of 1 or 2. Pathological examination showed that the majority of patients had a T3 (53.7%) or a T4 (34.0%) cancer and 73% had evidence of necrosis. A SIG score of 0 or 1 was present in 57.7% of patients. Tumour necrosis was associated with age (p<0.01), tumour location (p<0.01), T-stage (p<0.001), margin involvement (p<0.05), SIG (p<0.001), SMI (p<0.01), SMD (p<0.05) and 5-year survival (p<0.001). On univariate survival analysis necrosis (p<0.01), SIG (p<0.001), SMI (p<0.01) and SMD (p<0.05) were independently associated with overall survival.
Conclusion: These results suggest that tumour necrosis and the subsequent inflammatory response results in profound changes in body composition.
Predicting First-Line VEGFR-TKI Resistance and Survival in Metastatic Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma Using a Clinical-Radiomic Nomogram
Authors: Wang Yichen , Zhang Xinxin , Wang Sicong , Shi Hongzhe , Zhao Xinming , Chen Yan 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background：This study aims to construct predicting models using radiomic and clinical features in predicting first-line vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitor (VEGFR-TKI) early resistance in metastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma (mccRCC) patients. We also aim to explore the correlation of predicting models with short and long-term survival of mccRCC patients.
Materials and Methods：In this retrospective study, 110 mccRCC patients from 2009 to 2019 were included and assigned into training and test sets. Radiomic features were extracted from tumor 3D-ROI of baseline enhanced CT images. Radiomic features were selected by Lasso method to construct a radiomic score. A combined nomogram was established using the combination of radiomic score and clinical factors. The discriminative abilities of the radiomic, clinical and combined nomogram were quantified using ROC curve. Cox regression analysis was used to test the correlation of nomogram score with progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). PFS and OS were compared between different risk groups by log-rank test.
Results：The radiomic, clinical and combined nomogram demonstrated AUCs of 0.81, 0.75, and 0.83 in training set; 0.79, 0.77, and 0.88 in test set. Nomogram score≥1.18 was an independent prognostic factor of PFS (HR 0.22 (0.10, 0.47), p<0.001) and OS (HR 0.38 (0.20, 0.71), p=0.002), in training set. PFS in low-risk group were significantly longer than high-risk group in training (p<0.001) and test (p<0.001) set, respectively. OS in low-risk group were significantly longer than high-risk group in training (p=0.003) and test (p=0.009) set, respectively.
Conclusion：A nomogram combining baseline radiomic signature and clinical factors helped detecting first-line VEGFR-TKI early resistance and predicting short and long-term prognosis in mccRCC patients.
Gastrointestinal system endoscopy and pathological findings in non-dialysis chronic kidney disease: A single-centre study
Authors: Usta Mehmet , Ersoy Alparslan , Şensoy Nazife Nur Özer , Özel Mustafa , Akgür Suat , Kaynarca Önder Buğra , Ortaç Hatice 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Different gastrointestinal complications may occur as a result of moderate and severe loss of kidney function in chronic kidney disease (CKD). This study examined upper gastrointestinal tract endoscopy and pathology findings in CKD patients with renal failure who were not receiving dialysis treatment. Method This study included 60 pre-dialysis CKD patients who underwent endoscopic examination due to dyspeptic complaints (CKD group. Endoscopic and pathological findings were compared with those of non-uremic patients (non-CKD group) with similar complaints. Results There was no difference in the frequency of gastroesophageal reflux in both groups. The rates of non-ulcerative lesions, esophagitis, antral gastritis, erythematous gastritis and active chronic gastritis were significantly higher in the CKD group than in the non-CKD group (p < 0.001). Erosive pangastritis was significantly higher in the non-CKD group. The frequency of ulcerative lesions was similar in both groups. There was no significant difference in the rates of intestinal metaplasia, atrophy and metaplastic gastritis. The frequency of Helicobacter pylori was significantly higher in the non-CKD group (p < 0.001). Conclusion Our findings show that some upper gastrointestinal system disorders are more common in non-dialysis CKD patients than non-uremic individuals, but Helicobacter pylori frequency is lower.
Developing a Model for the Success of Healthcare Start-up Companies in Iran: A Systematic Review and Interviews with Experts
Authors: Majedi Navid , Meskarpour-Amiri Mohammad , Yaghoubi Maryam 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background:In the dynamic landscape of healthcare, start-ups drive transformative change. Understanding the pivotal factors influencing their success is paramount to their advancement. This study aims to present a comprehensive framework delineating the drivers of success for emerging businesses in healthcare.Methods:Employing a mixed-method approach, this research integrates expert interviews and a systematic review of pertinent literature. Extensive scientific exploration across databases, augmented by manual searches and expert surveys, identified 57 influential factors from 37 selected articles and interviews. Through expert consultations, additional factors were incorporated, culminating in an 11-dimensional classification. Finally, the position of the factors in 4 stages (before starting the business, during the activity, evaluation, control and feedback) was determined, and the final model was extracted.Results:Based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria, a total of 37 articles were reviewed. Eleven dimensions were utilized to classify the 57 factors identified in this study. The factors "choosing the appropriate marketing and advertising strategy" and "targeting how to finance the business" had the highest number of repetitions in the studies; 49% of these factors were related to the stage "before starting the business", and 33% were related to "during activity".Discussion: To ensure growth and development at various stages of business formation, founders of start-up businesses in the healthcare sector need to carefully consider the factors that impact success, particularly business financing and marketing and advertising strategies.
Telemedicine (Mobile Phone Technologies) Interventions to Support Perceptions and Medication Adherence Among HIV-Positive
Authors: Marisa Dewi Erna , Wati Nenden Lesmana , Sary Yeyen Desiar Firda , Indah Fenita Purnama Sari , Afra Nada , Andiyan Andiyan 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

The objective was to develop and validate the use of Telemedicine to increase perception and medication adherence in PLWHA. The research design was pre-experimental with a one-group pretest- posttest design. Before data collection, a Telemedicine application was developed by the researcher. The intervention was for two months, with a pretest and a posttest conducted after it. The sample was 117 HIV/AIDS patients in Banten Province. The results indicated significant differences in perceived threat, perceived susceptibility, and medication adherence between pre-test and post-test. Telemedicine (Mobile phone technologies) was found to be effective in increasing perception and medication adherence in PLWHA.
Encapsulation of betalains extracted from Beta vulgaris L.pomace powder using different hydrocolloids and its characterization
Authors: Kaur Akashdeep , Ghoshal Gargi 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

The pomace of beetroot (Beta vulgaris L.) is rich in phenolic compounds and betalains, which makes it a possible source of functional components. However, the efficacy of the aforementioned bioactives may diminish during storage when subjected to adverse conditions such as high temperature, exposure to light, or oxidation by air, thereby potentially limiting their utility. This study compared the freeze-dried encapsulation of three different gums with ultrasound assistance to improve the stability and bio-accessibility of BRP extract. The properties of each encapsulated formulation were thoroughly investigated, encompassing functional and physicochemical attributes, betalains content, antioxidant activity, phenolic compounds, color analysis, morphology, FTIR, particle size, XRD, zeta potential, and microscopy. Notably, characteristics conducive to stability, such as low humidity levels and reduced hygroscopicity, were meticulously observed and recorded for each encapsulation formulation. For betalains, the encapsulation efficiency ranged from 84.79–94.56%. Guar gum (GG), acacia gum (AG), and tragacanth gum (TG) were the three different hydrocolloids that were chosen to encapsulate betalains. Encapsulation of BRP extract with GG resulted in enhanced bioaccessibility of bioactive constituents, as evidenced by observations in AG and TG. The findings imply that natural fruit and vegetable wastes ought to be further investigated as they could serve as promising sources to enhance the production of encapsulated pigments.
Transcriptional activation of Carbonic Anhydrase III (CAIII) mediated by SP1
Authors: Okuyan Derya , Köçkar Feray 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Many physiological and pathological processes require the expression and control of CAIII. Although the CAIII promoter has not been fully characterized, promoters for other carbonic anhydrase genes in humans have. In this research, we for the first time located and described the human Carbonic anhydrase III gene promoter region. Progressive deletion analysis of the 5′-flanking region of the CAIII gene showed that the CAIII core promoter is mainly restricted to a minimum region of 129 bp. The CAIII gene promoter was discovered to include additional potential binding sites for transcriptional factors including C/EBP and NF-B despite lacking the standard TATA box, according to an investigation of transcriptional factor binding. Furthermore, site-directed mutagenesis assay showed that the proximal Sp1 binding site is required for the essential core promoter activity of the CAIII gene. It was also shown that the CAIII gene was up-regulated by SP1 at the mRNA and protein levels, and this effect was also observed in deletion promoter constructs. Our current study will shed light on further studies on the mechanism that regulates the expression of this important gene.
Unusual Case of Meandering Bullet in the Pericardial Cavity: Surgical Management and Clinical Considerations
Authors: Al-Amry Ali Lotf , Shamsan Abdu , Al-Eryani Raidan , A-Moghni Yasser , Jowah Haitham Mohammed 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Foreign bodies of the pericardium are rare and are most commonly associated with significant trauma. With no associated injury in the myocardium, the finding of a meandering bullet alone in the pericardial cavity is rare. This is a case of an 18-year-old patient who came to the emergency room of 48 Model Hospital with a penetrating chest trauma associated with hemothorax and pneumothorax. The patient complained of dyspnea and chest pain during the presentation. Tube thoracostomy was performed on the day of admission. CT, fluoroscopy, and echocardiography show pericardial effusion and bullets are floating in the pericardial space. On the sixth day of admission, the patient underwent Lt thoracotomy and pericardiotomy with bullet removal. The patient was discharged on the 10th postoperative day. Despite reports supporting conservative management, surgical removal of the foreign body is recommended in cases of free bullets in the pericardial sac due to the high risk of developing clinical manifestations, pericarditis, and potential complications such as cardiac tamponade. The potential risks and damage caused by the foreign body should be carefully considered, outweighing the uncertain outcomes and complications associated with conservative treatment.
Rural-Urban Migration and Mental Health: A Study on India's Elderly Population
Authors: Paul Manoj , Mandal Sourav 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background
In recent years, India has witnessed a significant rise in rural-to-urban migration among its elderly population, posing distinct challenges, particularly concerning later-life health outcomes. Present study aims to examine the association between rural-urban migration in later life and mental health among elderly individuals currently residing in urban area.
Method
Using data from the Longitudinal Ageing Study (LASI) 2017-18 of India present study (n = 4529) applied bivariate analysis, logistic regression. Factors associated with depression is determine by logistic regression. However, Fairlie decomposition employed to show differences between depression between the rural-urban migrant elderly and non-migrant elderly populations.
Results
The findings reveal around a 22 percent of the study's participants, especially females [OR: 1.62, CI: 1.06–2.48] and wealthy people are migrated from rural to urban areas and continuously residing in urban areas since last ten years. Further, the study examines that migrating from rural to urban areas after the age of 50 and adapting to the new urban environment are linked with a higher likelihood of depression [OR:1.68, CI 0.93–2.17] among the elderly compared to their urban-native. Additionally, socio-demographic factors such as higher education and greater wealth significantly influence depressive symptoms. Notably, elderly individuals who co-reside with their spouse and children [OR: 0.62, CI: 0.34–1.13] tend to experience lower levels of depression, although this is intricately tied to decisions regarding their current place of residence.
Conclusion
Disparities in depression levels among elderly are accelerated by factors such as lower education, low wealth, living arrangements, and decisions regarding current residence when it collides with migration status. Consequently, there is a pressing need for governmental intervention aimed at bolstering economic security and establishing robust social support systems to bolster the mental well-being of India's elderly population.