bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Immunohistochemical verification of ductal differentiation in prostate cancer
Authors: TARJÁN MIKLÓS , LENNGREN ANNA , HELLBERG DAN , TOT TIBOR 
Published: January 2012

Tarján M, Lenngren A, Hellberg D, Tot T. Immunohistochemical verification of ductal differentiation in prostate cancer. APMIS 2012; 120: 510–8.Recent studies have shown that patients with prostate carcinomas exhibiting ductal differentiation have an unfavourable prognosis compared with those with purely acinar adenocarcinomas. We studied the expression of nine immunohistochemical markers to evaluate their value in delineating carcinomas with and without ductal differentiation. Thirteen tumours showing cellular characteristics and growth patterns typical of ductal differentiation were identified among 110 analysed prostatectomy specimens. The levels of cytoplasmic expression of chromogranine A (69% vs 19%, p = 0.0003) and nuclear expression of p53 (76% vs 12%, p < 0.0001) as well as nuclear expression of Ki‐67 (69% vs 26%, p = 0.0047) in the tumour cells, were found to be statistically significantly different in the two tumour categories. Assessment of chromogranine A, p53 and Ki‐67 in prostate carcinoma may serve as useful adjunctive diagnostic tools for delineating more aggressive prostate cancer cases exhibiting ductal differentiation.
An appraisal of the current and potential value of Web 2.0 contributions to continuing education in oral implantology
Authors: Knösel M. , Engelke W. , Helms H.‐J. , Bleckmann A. 
Published: January 2012

AbstractObjective:  To systematically assess the informational value, quality, intention, source and bias of web 2.0 footage whose aim is peer‐to‐peer education about oral implantology.Methods:  YouTube (http://www.youtube.com) was scanned on 15 October 2010 for oral implantology‐related videos using an adequately pre‐defined search query. Search results were filtered with the system‐generated category ‘education’ and the additional criterion ‘most viewed’. Only those videos with at least 1000 views were included (total 124, of which 27 were excluded because they were not related to implantology). Filtered videos were discussed and rated with particular regard to the educational needs of potential groups of addressees [(i) undergraduates and laymen, (ii) dentists without or currently undergoing a specialisation in oral implantology and (iii) dentists who have completed a specialisation in the field of oral implantology] by a jury consisting of (i) an accredited post‐graduate university instructor with 22 years of professional teaching experience in the field of implantology, (ii) a university lecturer in dentistry/orthodontics with 10 years teaching experience and (iii) a university haematologist/oncologist. They were required to fill out a questionnaire for each video. The data were statistically analysed using non‐parametric ANOVA (α = 5%) and a sign test (α = 0.05/3 = 0.017).Results:  The YouTube scan produced 1710 results in the category ‘EDU’. The analysis revealed that there is a wide range of instructional footage on this topic, but with highly variable range in quality and informational value. Footage intention was to large proportions (47.4%) a mixture of education and advertisement. Its usefulness differed significantly for the three groups of addressees, offering greater novelty to undergraduates and post‐graduates.Conclusion:  YouTube and similar social media websites may have a potential capacity and value in complementing continuing education in the technique of oral implantology. As a means of achieving an acceptable level of knowledge about the topic when used alone, it should not be considered to be suitable at this point in time.
Influence of calcium hydroxide intracanal medication on bond strength of two endodontic resin‐based sealers assessed by micropush‐out test
Authors: Carvalho Ceci Nunes , Bauer Jose , Ferrari Patricia Helena Pereira , Souza Soraia Fatima Carvalho , Soares Silvio Peixoto , Loguercio Alessandro Dourado , Bombana Antonio Carlos 
Published: January 2012

Abstract –  Aim:  To evaluate the influence of calcium hydroxide (CH) paste used as intracanal medication on the bond strength of AH Plus (AH) and Epiphany (EP) sealers to root dentin.Methodology:  Sixty palatal canals were prepared in human maxillary first molars, using a rotary system. Half of the specimens received distilled water, and the other ones received intracanal medication with CH for 14 days. Thereafter, the CH was removed and both groups were further divided into two subgroups, filled with either AH or EP. The test specimens were submitted to the micropush‐out test at a speed of 0.5 mm min−1. Results were statistically analyzed with anova and Tukey’s test at a 95% confidence level.Results:  The use of CH had statistically significant (P < 0.05) influence on AH only, increasing its bond strength from 19.7 ± 4.5 to 23.8 ± 2.5 (mean ± SD in MPa). In both EP groups, with (1.8 ± 0.5 MPa) and without (1.5 ± 0.9 MPa) CH, the bond strength values were statistically significantly lower than in either of the AH groups (P < 0.05).Conclusion:  Calcium hydroxide used as intracanal medication for 14 days had a positive influence on the bond strength of AH to root dentin whereas the effect on EP was insignificant. Regardless of the intracanal medication used, AH showed considerably higher bond strength values compared with EP sealer.
Evaluation of Endothelial Function with Brachial Artery Ultrasound in Men with or Without Erectile Dysfunction and Classified as Intermediate Risk According to the Framingham Score
Authors: Averbeck Márcio Augusto , Colares Carla , de Lira Gislano Heverton Soares , Selbach Tiago , Rhoden Ernani Luis 
Published: January 2012

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Flow-mediated vasodilation (FMD) of the brachial artery is a noninvasive tool used for endothelial function evaluation. There is increasing evidence that endothelial dysfunction is a common etiological factor for erectile dysfunction (ED) and cardiovascular events.

Aim
To evaluate endothelial function with a high-resolution ultrasound device, to assess FMD in men diagnosed with ED and without clinical evidence of significant atherosclerotic disease, classified as “intermediate risk” according to the Framingham risk score (FRS).

Methods
This is a case-control study that included 52 consecutive men. In all men with ED evaluated by a score less than 22 on International Index of Erectile Function-5 questionnaire (IIEF-5), clinical parameters such as blood pressure, waist circumference, hip circumference, body mass index, lipid profile, fasting glucose, and serum total testosterone were obtained. These parameters were compared with those men without diagnosis of ED (IIEF-5 score ≥ 22) (age-matched, also classified as “intermediate risk” according to the FRS). All underwent brachial artery ultrasound for assessment of FMD, as a noninvasive method to evaluate endothelial function. Statistical analysis was performed considering a P &lt; 0.05.

Main Outcome Measures
Endothelium-dependent FMD was evaluated in the right brachial artery with a high-resolution ultrasound machine following reactive hyperemia.

Results
Thirty-four men were included in the ED group, and 18 were included in the group without ED. The mean ages were 59.61 ± 9.87 and 56.18 ± 10.93, respectively (P = 0.27). Clinical and laboratory evaluations were similar between men with and without ED (P &gt; 0.05) except for waist circumference that was greater in patients with ED (mean = 100.85 cm vs. 96.05; P &lt; 0.05). The percentage of FMD was higher in men without ED when compared with those with ED (mean FMD 11.33 ± 6.08% vs. 4.24 ± 7.06%, respectively; P = 0.001).

Conclusions
Men without established atherosclerotic disease presenting with ED demonstrated a worse endothelial function.
A Population-Based Study on the Association Between Gastric Ulcers and Erectile Dysfunction in Taiwan
Authors: Keller Joseph J. , Lin Hsiao-Yu , Chung Shiu-Dong , Lin Herng-Ching 
Published: January 2012

ABSTRACT

Introduction
While erectile dysfunction (ED) and cardiovascular disease have long been known to share endothelial dysfunction as a common contributory underlying mechanism, little research has been conducted taking endothelial dysfunction as common ground to investigate the potential association between ED and gastric ulcers (GUs).

Aim
This population-based case-control study aimed to investigate the association of ED with GU.

Methods
This study used data from the Longitudinal Health Insurance Database 2000 in Taiwan. The study group comprised 6,906 patients who visited ambulatory care centers or were hospitalized with a diagnosis of ED. The comparison group was 20,718 randomly selected enrollees. Conditional logistic regression was used to examine associations between ED and prior GU.

Main Outcome Measure
The prevalence and risk between cases and controls were calculated of having been previously diagnosed with GU.

Results
Of the sampled subjects, 3,861 (14%) were diagnosed before the index date, 1,358 (19.7%) were cases, and 2,503 (12.1%) were controls (P &lt; 0.001). After adjusting for hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, renal disease, coronary heart disease, obesity, alcohol abuse/alcohol dependence syndrome, and socioeconomic status (SES), conditional logistic regression analysis revealed that cases were more likely to have been diagnosed with GU than controls (odds ratio [OR] = 1.65, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.53–1.77). Stratification by age revealed that the youngest group (18–29) of ED patients had the most increased likelihood of having been previously diagnosed with GU when compared with matched controls (OR = 4.12, 95% CI = 2.41–7.03). The likelihood decreased with age, with the oldest group of ED patients having the least increased likelihood of prior GU when compared with matched controls (OR = 1.44, 95%CI = 1.23–1.68).

Conclusion
Our findings suggest a positive association between prior GU and a subsequent diagnosis with ED.
Continuous and Fluctuating Leaf Phenology of Adults and Seedlings of a Shade‐tolerant Emergent Tree,Dipterocarpus sublamellatus, inMalaysia
Authors: Osada Noriyuki , Tokuchi Naoko , Takeda Hiroshi 
Published: January 2012

AbstractContinuous leaf phenology, with sequential production of metamers, is usually found in pioneer species, but is rare in shade‐tolerant species. Because of the nature of ‘continuous’ growth, continuous phenology has seldom been related to meteorological factors. We studied the leaf demography of seedlings and tall trees of a shade‐tolerant emergent species,Dipterocarpus sublamellatus(Dipterocarpaceae), inMalaysia. Although leaf phenology ofD. sublamellatuswas classified as continuous, the rates of leaf production and leaf fall were not constant and greatly fluctuated during the census period. Seasonal patterns of leaf production and fall were not synchronized across tall trees in most combinations or between seedlings and tall trees. Mean number of leaves produced per month and its seasonal fluctuation were greater in tall trees than in seedlings. Moreover, relationships between leaf phenology and meteorological factors (monthly rainfall, net radiation, maximum and minimum temperature, and minimum relative humidity) differed among trees. This suggests that endogenous rhythms,i.e., differences in allocation of resources to growth and storage among trees, are important to fluctuations in leaf phenology. These patterns are in contrast to patterns found in various pioneer species with continuous phenology, in which rates of leaf production and fall are generally constant. Different patterns might be caused by differences in allocation to growth and storage between pioneer and shade‐tolerant species, and might be related to their regeneration strategies.
TeVeS/MOND is in harmony with gravitational redshifts in galaxy clusters
Authors: Bekenstein Jacob D. , Sanders Robert H. 
Published: January 2012

ABSTRACT
Wojtak, Hansen & Hjorth have recently claimed to confirm general relativity (GR) and to rule out the tensor–vector–scalar (TeVeS) gravitational theory based on an analysis of the gravitational redshifts of galaxies in 7800 clusters. However, their ubiquitous modelling of the sources of cluster gravitational fields with Navarro–Frenk–White mass profiles is neither empirically justified out to the necessary radii in clusters, nor germane in the case of TeVeS. Using MONDian (where MOND stands for MOdified Newtonian Dynamics) isothermal sphere models consistently constructed within MOND (equivalent to TeVeS models), we can fit the determined redshifts no worse than does GR with dark haloes. Moreover, Wojtak, Hansen & Hjorth have inappropriately used the simple MOND interpolating function for the μ function of the scalar field of TeVeS; the consequent MOND effective interpolating function turns out to enhance the gravitational potential, and so contributes to the discrepancy which forms the basis of their claims.
A time-variable, phase-dependent emission line in the X-ray spectrum of the isolated neutron star RX J0822−4300
Authors: De Luca A. , Salvetti D. , Sartori A. , Esposito P. , Tiengo A. , Zane S. , Turolla R. , Pizzolato F. , Mignani R. P. , Caraveo P. A. , Mereghetti S. , Bignami G. F. 
Published: January 2012

ABSTRACT
RX J0822−4300 is the central compact object associated with the Puppis A supernova remnant. Previous X-ray observations suggested RX J0822−4300 to be a young neutron star with a weak dipole field and a peculiar surface temperature distribution dominated by two antipodal spots with different temperatures and sizes. An emission line at 0.8 keV was also detected. We performed a very deep (130-ks) observation with XMM–Newton, which allowed us to study in detail the phase-resolved properties of RX J0822−4300. Our new data confirm the existence of a narrow spectral feature, best modelled as an emission line, only seen in the ‘soft’-phase interval – when the cooler region is best aligned to the line of sight. Surprisingly, comparison of our recent observations to the older ones yields evidence for a variation in the emission-line component, which can be modelled as a decrease in the central energy from ∼0.80 keV in 2001 to ∼0.73 keV in 2009–10. The line could be generated via cyclotron scattering of thermal photons in an optically-thin layer of gas, or, alternatively, it could originate in low-rate accretion by a debris disc. In any case, a variation in energy, pointing to a variation of the magnetic field in the line-emitting region, cannot be easily accounted for.
Aesthetic Testimony
Authors: Robson Jon 
Published: January 2012

AbstractIt is frequently claimed that we can learn very little, if anything, about the aesthetic character of an artwork (or other object of aesthetic appraisal) on the basis of testimony. Such disparaging assessments of the epistemic value of aesthetic testimony contrast markedly with our acceptance of testimony as an important (perhaps even basic) source of knowledge in many other areas. There have, however, been a number of challenges to this orthodoxy of late; from those who seek to deny that such a contrast exists (optimists) as well as attempts by those who accept the distinction (pessimists) to provide an explanation and defence of the contrast. InSection I, I outline a little of the nature and history of the debate over aesthetic testimony.Section II, focuses on the opposing positions on aesthetic testimony, optimism and pessimism, and takes steps to clarify what exactly is at issue between them. InSection III, I survey considerations which have been adduced in favour of pessimism ranging from brute appeal to intuition to complex argumentation before turning inSection IV, to look at motivations for optimism. Finally, inSection V, I consider some alternative views which claim that, for a variety of reasons, it is a mistake to construe the debate over aesthetic testimony as concerned (or at least as primarily concerned) with the epistemic standing of aesthetic beliefs formed on the basis of testimony.
Genetic monitoring and complex population dynamics: insights from a 12‐year study of the Rio Grande silvery minnow
Authors: Osborne Megan J. , Carson Evan W. , Turner Thomas F. 
Published: January 2012

AbstractThe endangered Rio Grande silvery minnow persists as a remnant population in a highly fragmented and regulated arid‐land river system. The species is subject to dramatic annual fluctuations in density. Since 2003, the wild population has been supplemented by hatchery‐reared fish. We report on a 12‐year (1999–2010) monitoring study of genetic diversity and effective population size (Ne) of wild and hatchery stocks. Our goals were to evaluate how genetic metrics responded to changes in wild fish density and whether they corresponded to the number and levels of diversity of hatchery‐reared repatriates. Genetic diversity and all measures of Ne in the wild population did not correlate with wild fish density until hatchery supplementation began in earnest. Estimates of variance and inbreeding effective size were not correlated. Our results suggest source–sink dynamics where captive stocks form a genetically diverse source and the wild population behaves as a sink. Nevertheless, overall genetic diversity of silvery minnow has been maintained over the last decade, and we attribute this to a well‐designed and executed propagation management plan. When multiple factors like environmental fluctuation and hatchery supplementation act simultaneously on a population, interpretation of genetic monitoring data may be equally complex and require considerable ecological data.
Evaluation of Biological Sample Preparation for Immunosignature-Based Diagnostics
Authors: Chase Brian Andrew , Johnston Stephen Albert , Legutki Joseph Barten 
Published: January 2012

ABSTRACTTo address the need for a universal system to assess health status, we previously described a method termed “immunosignaturing” which splays the entire humoral antibody repertoire across a peptide microarray. Two important issues relative to the potential broad use of immunosignatures are sample preparation and stability. In the present study, we compared the immunosignatures developed from serum, plasma, saliva, and antibodies eluted from blood dried onto filter paper. We found that serum and plasma provide identical immunosignatures. Immunosignatures derived from dried blood also correlated well with those from nondried serum from the same individual. Immunosignatures derived from dried blood were capable of distinguishing naïve mice from those infected with influenza virus. Saliva was applied to the arrays, and the IgA immunosignature correlated strongly with that from dried blood. Finally, we demonstrate that dried blood retains immunosignature information even when exposed to high temperature. This work expands the potential diagnostic uses for immunosignatures. These features suggest that different forms of archival samples can be used for diagnosis development and that in prospective studies samples can be easily procured.
Genome Sequence of Lactobacillus rhamnosus ATCC 8530
Authors: Pittet Vanessa , Ewen Emily , Bushell Barry R. , Ziola Barry 
Published: January 2012

ABSTRACT

Lactobacillus rhamnosus
is found in the human gastrointestinal tract and is important for probiotics. We became interested in
L. rhamnosus
isolate ATCC 8530 in relation to beer spoilage and hops resistance. We report here the genome sequence of this isolate, along with a brief comparison to other available
L. rhamnosus
genome sequences.
Draft Genome Sequence of Pantoea ananatis B1-9, a Nonpathogenic Plant Growth-Promoting Bacterium
Authors: Kim Hyun Jung , Lee Jin Hee , Kang Beom Ryong , Rong Xiaoqing , McSpadden Gardener Brian B. , Ji Hyung Jin , Park Chang-Seuk , Kim Young Cheol 
Published: January 2012

ABSTRACT

Pantoea ananatis
B1-9 is an endophytic Gram-negative rhizobacterium that was isolated for its ability to promote plant growth and improve crop yield in the field. Here we report the draft genome sequence of
P. ananatis
B1-9. Comparison of this sequence to the sequenced genome of a plant-pathogenic
P. ananatis
strain, LMG20103, indicated that the pathogenesis-related genes were absent, but a subset of gene functions that may be related to its plant growth promotion were present.
Complete Genome Sequence of Salmonella enterica Serovar Pullorum RKS5078
Authors: Feng Ye , Xu Hua-Feng , Li Qing-Hai , Zhang Si-Yao , Wang Chun-Xiao , Zhu Da-Ling , Cao Feng-Lin , Li Yong-Guo , Johnston Randal N. , Zhou Jin , Liu Gui-Rong , Liu Shu-Lin 
Published: January 2012

ABSTRACT

Salmonella enterica
serovar Pullorum is a chicken-adapted pathogen, causing pullorum disease. Its strict host adaptation has been suspected to result in gene decay. To validate this hypothesis and identify the decayed genes, we sequenced the complete genome of
S.
Pullorum RKS5078. We found 263 pseudogenes in this strain and conducted functional analyses of the decayed genes.
First Comprehensive Evaluation of the M.I.C. Evaluator Device Compared to Etest and CLSI Broth Microdilution for MIC Testing of Aerobic Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative Bacterial Species
Authors: Rennie R. P. , Turnbull L. , Brosnikoff C. , Cloke J. 
Published: January 2012

ABSTRACT

The M.I.C. Evaluator strip (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Basingstoke, United Kingdom) uses a methodology similar to that of Etest. In this first assessment of the M.I.C. Evaluator device, 409 strains of aerobic Gram-positive bacteria (staphylococci, streptococci, and enterococci) and 325 strains of
Enterobacteriaceae
,
Pseudomonas
species, and
Acinetobacter
species were tested by M.I.C. Evaluator strip, Etest, and broth microdilution as a reference standard. The Gram-positive bacteria included staphylococci (methicillin-resistant
Staphylococcus aureus
, methicillin-susceptible
S. aureus
, and coagulase-negative staphylococci),
Streptococcus pneumoniae
, beta-hemolytic streptococci and viridians group strains, vancomycin-resistant enterococci, and other enterococci. The Gram-negative bacteria included 250 strains of 60
Enterobacteriaceae
species plus 50
Pseudomonas
and 25
Acinetobacter
species. A total of 14 antimicrobial agents (depending on the species) were included. The same methodology and reading format were used for M.I.C. Evaluator strips and Etest. Broth microdilution methodology was performed according to CLSI document M07-A8. For the clinical strains, >95% of results were plus or minus one doubling dilution for all species. There were fewer than 5% minor errors, fewer than 3% major errors, and fewer than 1% very major errors. M.I.C. Evaluator strips and Etest often reported higher MICs than the reference broth microdilution method. The M.I.C. Evaluator strips provided results comparable to those of the predicate Etest device and are of value for the accurate testing of MICs for these important pathogens.