bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Resource‐based trade‐offs and the adaptive significance of seasonal plasticity in butterfly wing melanism
Authors: Stoehr Andrew M. , Glaenzer Katelyn , VanWanzeele Devin , Rumschlag Samantha 
Published: May 2024

AbstractPhenotypic plasticity is the ability of an organism to alter its phenotype in response to environmental cues. This can be adaptive if the cues are reliable predictors of impending conditions and the alterations enhance the organism's ability to capitalize on those conditions. However, since traits do not exist in isolation but as part of larger interdependent systems of traits (phenotypic integration), trade‐offs between correlated plastic traits can make phenotypic plasticity non‐ or maladaptive. We examine this problem in the seasonally plastic wing melanism of a pierid (Order Lepidoptera, Family Pieridae) butterfly, Pieris rapae L. Several wing pattern traits are more melanized in colder than in warmer seasons, resulting in effective thermoregulation through solar absorption. However, other wing pattern traits, the spots, are less melanized during colder seasons than in warmer seasons. Although spot plasticity may be adaptive, reduced melanism of these spots could also be explained by resource‐based trade‐offs. Theory predicts that traits involved in resource‐based trade‐offs will be positively correlated when variation among individuals in resource acquisition is greater than variation among individuals in resource allocation strategies, and negatively correlated when variation in allocation is greater than variation in acquisition. Using data from both field studies and laboratory studies that manipulate dietary tyrosine, a melanin precursor, we show that when allocation to thermoregulatory melanism (ventral hindwing, and basal dorsal fore‐ and hindwing “shading”) varies substantially this trait is negatively correlated with spot melanism. However, when there is less variation in allocation to thermoregulatory melanism we find these traits to be positively correlated; these findings are consistent with the resource‐based trade‐off hypothesis, which may provide a non‐ or maladaptive hypothesis to explain spot plasticity. We also show that increased dietary tyrosine results in increased spot melanism under some conditions, supporting the more general idea that melanism may involve resource‐based costs.
Self‐Assembly of Polyoxometalate Clusters into Nanostructures with Different Dimensions
Authors: Zhao Yali , Wang Ziru , Ni Jun , He Peilei 
Published: May 2024

AbstractSelf‐assembly of polyoxometalate (POM) clusters offers a viable method for constructing nanostructures with tailored properties. Over the past few decades, POMs‐based nanostructures of varying dimensions, such as nanowires, nanobelts, nanosheets, and other superstructures, have been constructed. Additionally, these nanostructures show broad prospects in optical, electrochemical, catalytic, and mechanical applications. Particularly noteworthy are surface modifications, such as surfactant encapsulation, which yield amphiphilic POMs. These modifications render the POMs compatible with organic systems, significantly broadening their morphological and functional applicability. This concept provides an overview of recent advancements in nanostructures based on self‐assembly of surfactant encapsulated POM clusters, encompassing one‐dimensional (1D), two‐dimensional (2D), and three‐dimensional (3D) structures. Through surfactant encapsulation, POM clusters can be rendered compatible with various solvents, facilitating the formation of hybrid assemblies with diverse morphologies and unique properties. The structures, formation mechanisms, and properties of these sub‐nanometer assemblies are discussed from both experimental and theoretical perspectives. This concept aims to provide a new insight into the design and fabrication of nanostructures based on POM clusters.
Don't push the wrong button. The concept of microperspective in futures research
Authors: Virmajoki Veli , Laakkonen Mika‐Petri 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIn this paper, we introduce the notion of a microperspective to futures research. Contrary to the more traditional timespans of futures research that are measured in years or decades, a microperspective focuses on shorter timespans that can be measured even in minutes. We point out that the use of a microperspective can provide an understanding of the central issues of futures research from a new angle. These issues involve the difficulties in estimating the future, the entanglement of the future with accounts of it, and the (in)ability to relate to certain futures. We argue that a microperspective can provide an understanding of how patterns shaping the future are created, how people respond to patterns, and how conflicts and misunderstandings shape the future. As an illustrative case, we discuss how the workings of elevators and the development of predictive algorithms in Kone corporation shape the future moment‐by‐moment in an interaction between the users and the developers. A microperspective shows how the different temporal orientations of the actors and their different interpretations of the environment interact. The case indicates that a microperspective can provide a novel way to study some of the central issues in futures research. The case also indicates that the notion of a microperspective is not merely an academic concept but has practical utility in planning and creating the future.
A traditional fermented bamboo shoot reduces intracellular fat accumulation and promotes fat browning in differentiated 3T3‐L1 adipocyte cells through the activation of the AMPK signaling pathway
Authors: Barge Sagar R , Bhattacharya Anupam , Kumar Arun , Das Sushmita , Joishy Tulsi , Mukherjee Ashis K , Bhattacharjee Maloyjo Joyraj , Khan Mojibur R 
Published: May 2024

AbstractFunctional foods, such as fermented bamboo shoots, have a long history of consumption among the ethnic communities in northeast India. These locally fermented bamboo shoots contain a wealth of beneficial microbes and metabolites that can help combat metabolic syndromes like obesity. However, the precise effects and mechanism behind fermented bamboo shoot products and their anti‐obesity properties remain unknown. This study aims to explore the different types of fermented bamboo shoot products to determine their potential anti‐obesity effects as well as to analyze their microbial diversity and metabolite profiles. Using both culture‐dependent and culture‐independent methods, we found a high abundance of lactic acid bacteria from the Firmicutes and Proteobacteria phyla in the sample. Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) based untargeted metabolite profiling detected several aroma‐active compounds, bioactive metabolites, short‐chain fatty acids, and essential amino acids in the samples. The water extract derived from a particular type of fermented bamboo shoot, Melye‐amiley, was found to significantly reduce intracellular lipid accumulation in cultured 3T3‐L1 cells. In addition, this extract increased the expression of lipolytic (hormone‐sensitive lipase, lipoprotein lipase, and adipose triglyceride lipase) and browning regulator genes (uncoupling protein [UCP1], PRDM16, and PGC1‐alpha). By activating the AMPK signaling pathway, the water extract from Melye‐amiley also upregulated thermogenic protein expression and promoted mitochondrial biogenesis and fatty acid β‐oxidation. These findings suggest that fermented bamboo shoot extract has promising anti‐obesity effects by boosting energy expenditure in white adipocytes. Future research is necessary to identify the active ingredient(s) that may lead to new therapies to treat obesity.
Barriers to ethical treatment of patients in clinical environments: A systematic narrative review
Authors: Dehkordi Fatemeh Ghani , Torabizadeh Camellia , Rakhshan Mahnaz , Vizeshfar Fatemeh 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackground and AimIt is essential that healthcare providers display ethical behavior toward their patients. Despite development of codes of ethics for clinical practice, the occurrence of unethical behaviors toward patients is alarmingly high. The present study was conducted to identify the barriers to ethical treatment of patients in clinical environments.MethodsThrough systematic narrative review, the present study investigated the barriers to ethical treatment of patients. This study was carried out in line with Assessment of Multiple Systematic Reviews 2 and Preferred Reporting Items of Systematic reviews and Meta‐Analyses guidelines.ResultsEthical challenges in clinical environments can be classified into two categories: “organizational factors” and “personal factors.” Organizational factors consist of three domains: managers and regulations, organizational environment, and human resources. Personal factors consist of two domains: factors related to patients and their families and factors related to care providers.ConclusionResearch shows that encouraging healthcare teams to adopt ethical behaviors through education and having them persistently observe ethics in their clinical practice will not completely bridge the gap between theory and practice: it seems that the clinical environment, the personal characteristics of healthcare team members and patients, and the organizational values of the healthcare system pose the greatest barrier to bridging this gap. Accordingly, in addition to raising healthcare providers’ awareness of the existing issues in clinical ethics, measures should be taken to improve organizational culture and atmosphere.
The effect of needle type (25 G Sprotte vs. Quincke) in spinal anesthesia on the incidence of transient neurologic syndrome: A randomized clinical trial
Authors: Ziaei Somayeh , Yari Mitra , Pizarro Ana Beatriz , Golfam Parisa , Ahmadi Alireza 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackground and AimsTransient neurologic syndrome (TNS) is a postoperative pain in the back and buttock that can occur after spinal anesthesia. The spinal needle design may have an impact on the occurrence of TNS. We decided to compare the incidence of TNS and related factors between two spinal needle types.MethodsIn this randomized clinical trial, 150 patients aged 18–60 years and American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status I who underwent lower abdomen or lower extremity surgeries with spinal anesthesia and supine position were enrolled. They were randomly divided into two groups (25 G Quincke or Sprotte needle) with 0.5% bupivacaine (12.5 mg). After the operation, the patients were asked to report any pain in the lower back, buttock, and thigh areas. A Visual Analog Scale (VAS) was also used to record the severity of the pain.ResultsOverall, 45 patients developed TNS. Twenty‐nine patients in the Sprotte group (38.7%) and 16 patients in the Quincke group (21.3%) developed TNS (p = 0.75). More patients in the Sprotte group (25.3%) had severe pain (VAS score of 8–10) when compared with the Quincke group (6.7%). There was no significant difference in TNS symptoms duration between the two groups. In about half of patients (51.9%) in the Sprotte group and 57.3% of patients in the Quincke group, the symptoms resolved after 2–3 h.ConclusionAlthough the incidence of TNS did not differ significantly, patients for whom a Sprotte spinal needle had been used had more severe pain. This suggests that the Quincke needle caused less severe pain.
Geometric influence of width ratio and contraction ratio on droplet dynamics in microchannel using a 3D numerical simulation
Authors: Do Le Hung Toan , Nguyen Thanh Tung , Hoang Van Thanh , Tran Minh Sang 
Published: May 2024

AbstractMicrochannel geometry is an important factor in determining droplet dynamics in droplet‐based microfluidic systems, much like fluid properties and flow conditions. In this context, two important geometric parameters—the contraction ratio () and the width ratio ()—that are limited to particular value ranges are taken into consideration for evaluation. These parameters interact with the capillary number () and viscosity ratio () to affect different aspects of droplet migration and manipulation, such as trap and squeeze regimes. A theoretical model is proposed, and a three‐dimensional numerical simulation method is used in this work. This model predicts the change from trap to squeeze, which is caused by the interaction of the previously mentioned variables. Interestingly, an inverse correlation exists between the width ratio and the critical capillary number for this transition, which is determined as . Furthermore, the investigation explores the droplet elongation and velocity ratio during their passage through the microchannel. By matching input parameters with microchannel geometry, this information may be useful for the design of microfluidic systems, which would facilitate the careful control and manipulation of droplets.
A new approach for environmental damage assessment pursuant to the European Union Environmental Liability Directive
Authors: Andreotti Francesco , Montanaro Daniele , Calcagni Laura 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The European Union and Member States national laws require competent authorities to promptly and effectively address environmental incidents, noncompliances, and criminal offenses, necessitating thorough planning of investigation and assessment activities. To enhance environmental damage assessments in line with the European Environmental Liability Directive (ELD, 2004/35/EC), the European Union Network for the Implementation and Enforcement of Environmental Law (IMPEL Network) has introduced the Criteria for the Assessment of the Environmental Damage (CAED) framework. This framework, outlined in a Practical Guide, offers a methodological approach to environmental damage assessment (EDA) focusing on three key objectives: case screening, identification of “clues” of damage, and determination of “evidence” of damage. Given the critical importance of structured data collection and evaluation, the CAED project has adopted a Driver, Pressure, State, Impact, and Response (DPSIR) model adapted to environmental damage and developed the Practical Tables. These tables serve as a comprehensive tool for systematically identifying investigative priorities and collecting standardized data and information using a predefined list of qualitative or quantitative indicators. This article provides an overview of the Practical Guide and Practical Tables, collectively referred to as the CAED Toolkit, aiming to establish a common framework for environmental damage assessments among various competent authorities and stakeholders across Europe. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2024;20:2050–2059. © 2024 SETAC
Key Points
The Criteria for the Assessment of Environmental Damage (CAED) project developed a comprehensive CAED Toolkit aimed at simplifying the understanding of the ELD's scope and guiding operators and public authorities in responding to emissions, events, or accidents that may lead to environmental damage.
Life cycle analysis of the wastewater treatment system in Zabol Industrial Town: Environmental impacts, energy demand, and greenhouse gas emissions
Authors: Hootmirdoosti Simineh , Okati Narjes , Nowrouzi Mohsen , Erfani Malihe 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Use of effective environmental remediation facilities represents a crucial strategy for water reclamation and addressing the challenges of water scarcity. The objective of this study was to assess the wastewater treatment system (WWTS) in Zabol Industrial Town using the life cycle assessment method. Primary data, collected annually for a functional unit of 1 m3 of wastewater treatment, were subjected to analysis using the ReCiPe, Cumulative Energy Demand, and Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) methods. Human carcinogenic toxicity (50%), freshwater ecotoxicity (13%), and marine ecotoxicity (10%) were the primary environmental impacts due to the WWTS performance. The discharge of heavy metals during sludge generation, coupled with the consumption of natural gas and oil, especially for electricity production, were pivotal factors contributing to the environmental burdens observed. Furthermore, chemical oxygen demand (COD) (56.34%), electricity consumption (&gt;15.47%), and total phosphorous (&gt;4.49%) significantly threatened human health and ecosystem categories, while fossil fuel consumption had the greatest impact on resources. Nonrenewable fossil fuels, namely, natural gas (47.2%) and oil (38.27%), played a predominant role in the energy provision of the system. The IPCC analysis depicted the emissions of CO2 (86.77%) and CH4 (12.16%) stemming from the process of electricity generation. Based on the outcomes of the sensitivity analysis, implementing a 10% increase in COD yielded an increment in all impacts within the range of 1.40% to 6.83%. Given Iran's geographic location and the unique climatic conditions in Zabul, use of solar and wind energy to energize the WWTS can substantially alleviate its environmental burdens. This study presents a comprehensive framework for evaluating the environmental impact, energy consumption, and carbon footprint of a WWTS. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2024;20:1747–1758. © 2024 SETAC
Key Points
Wastewater treatment system (WWTS) operations led to significant human carcinogenic and freshwater and marine ecotoxicity impacts. Heavy metal discharge and fossil fuel consumption were key environmental burdens. The electricity generation process in WWTS led to emission of CO2 (86.77%) and CH4 (12.16%). The switch from fossil fuels to solar and wind energy can greatly reduce WWTS environmental impacts.
Post‐diagnosis adiposity, physical activity, sedentary behaviour, dietary factors, supplement use and colorectal cancer prognosis: Global Cancer Update Programme (CUP Global) summary of evidence grading
Authors: Tsilidis Konstantinos K. , Markozannes Georgios , Becerra‐Tomás Nerea , Cariolou Margarita , Balducci Katia , Vieira Rita , Kiss Sonia , Aune Dagfinn , Greenwood Darren C. , Dossus Laure , González‐Gil Esther M. , Gunter Marc J. , Allen Kate , Brockton Nigel T. , Croker Helen , Gordon‐Dseagu Vanessa L. , Mitrou Panagiota , Musuwo Nicole , Wiseman Martin J. , Copson Ellen , Renehan Andrew G. , Bours Martijn , Demark‐Wahnefried Wendy , Hudson Melissa M. , May Anne M. , Odedina Folakemi T. , Skinner Roderick , Steindorf Karen , Tjønneland Anne , Velikova Galina , Baskin Monica L. , Chowdhury Rajiv , Hill Lynette , Lewis Sarah J. , Seidell Jaap , Weijenberg Matty P. , Krebs John , Cross Amanda J. , Chan Doris S. M. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBased on the World Cancer Research Fund Global Cancer Update Programme, we performed systematic reviews and meta‐analyses to investigate the association of post‐diagnosis adiposity, physical activity, sedentary behaviour, and dietary factors with colorectal cancer prognosis. We searched PubMed and Embase until 28th February, 2022. An independent expert committee and expert panel graded the quality of evidence. A total of 167 unique publications were reviewed, and all but five were observational studies. The quality of the evidence was graded conservatively due to the high risk of several biases. There was evidence of non‐linearity in the associations between body mass index and colorectal cancer prognosis. The associations appeared reverse J‐shaped, and the quality of this evidence was graded as limited (likelihood of causality: limited‐no conclusion). The evidence on recreational physical activity and lower risk of all‐cause mortality (relative risk [RR] highest vs. lowest: 0.69, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.62–0.77) and recurrence/disease‐free survival (RR: 0.80, 95% CI: 0.70–0.92) was graded as limited‐suggestive. There was limited‐suggestive evidence for the associations between healthy dietary and/or lifestyle patterns (including diets that comprised plant‐based foods), intake of whole grains and coffee with lower risk of all‐cause mortality, and between unhealthy dietary patterns and intake of sugary drinks with higher risk of all‐cause mortality. The evidence for other exposures on colorectal cancer outcomes was sparse and graded as limited‐no conclusion. Analyses were conducted excluding cancer patients with metastases without substantial changes in the findings. Well‐designed intervention and cohort studies are needed to support the development of lifestyle recommendations for colorectal cancer patients.
Early‐pregnancy sex steroid and thyroid function hormones, thyroid autoimmunity, and maternal papillary thyroid cancer incidence in the Finnish Maternity Cohort
Authors: Kitahara Cari M. , Surcel Heljä‐Marja , Falk Roni , Pfeiffer Ruth M. , Männistö Tuija , Gissler Mika , Trabert Britton 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThyroid cancer more commonly affects women than men and is the third most frequently diagnosed cancer among women of reproductive age. We conducted a nested case–control study within the Finnish Maternity Cohort to evaluate pre‐diagnostic sex steroid and thyroid function markers in relation to subsequent maternal papillary thyroid cancer. Cases (n = 605) were women ages 18–44 years, who provided an early‐pregnancy (<20 weeks gestation) blood sample and were diagnosed with papillary thyroid cancer up to 11 years afterward. Controls (n = 1185) were matched to cases 2:1 by gestational age, mother's age, and date at blood draw. Odds ratios (ORs) for the associations of serum thyroid peroxidase antibodies (TPO‐Ab), thyroglobulin antibodies (Tg‐Ab), thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), free thyroxine (fT4), free triiodothyronine (fT3), progesterone, and estradiol with papillary thyroid cancer were estimated using conditional logistic regression. TPO‐Ab and Tg‐Ab positivity (>95th percentile among controls) were associated with more than 3‐fold (OR = 3.32, 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.33–4.72) and 2‐fold (OR = 2.03, 95% CI 1.41–2.93) increased odds of papillary thyroid cancer, respectively. These associations were similar by time since blood draw, parity, gestational age, smoking status, and age and stage at diagnosis. In models excluding TPO‐Ab or Tg‐Ab positivity, TPO‐Ab (quartile 4 vs. 1: OR = 1.66, 95% CI 1.17–2.37, p‐trend = .002) and Tg‐Ab (quartile 4 vs. 1: OR = 1.74, 95% CI 1.22–2.49, p‐trend = .01) levels were positively associated with papillary thyroid cancer. No associations were observed for estradiol, progesterone, TSH, fT3, or fT4 overall. Our results suggest that thyroid autoimmunity in early pregnancy may increase the risk of maternal papillary thyroid cancer.
Extrachromosomal circular DNA landscape of breast cancer with lymph node metastasis
Authors: Bao Yuhan , Sui Xiaolong , Wang Xiaofei , Qu Nina , Xie Yanjie , Cong Yizi , Cao Xiaoli 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBreast cancer (BC) is a complex disease with diverse manifestations, often resulting in lymph node metastasis (LNM) and impacting patient prognosis. Extrachromosomal circular DNA (eccDNA) has emerged as a key player in tumorigenesis, yet its contribution to BC LNM remains elusive. Here, we examined primary tumors and matched LNM tissues from 19 BC patients using the Circle‐Seq method. We identified a median count of 44,682 eccDNA in primary tumor tissues and 38,057 in their paired LNM tissues. Furthermore, a ladder‐like size distribution is observed in both primary tumor and LNM tissues. Meanwhile, similar repeat sequence distribution and GC content are identified from both primary tissue and LNM tissues. Finally, we found that eccDNA from both groups are flanked with palindromic trinucleotide motifs. These observations indicate that eccDNA of primary tumor and LNM tissues are from similar chromosomal origins. However, a subset of miRNA‐associated eccDNA displayed selective enrichment in metastatic lesions, such as miR‐6730 and miR‐548AA1 genes. This observation implicates the function of miRNA‐related eccDNA in the metastatic cascade. Our study uncovers the potential significance of these unique eccDNA molecules, shedding light on their role in cancer metastasis.