bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Feasibility of omega‐3 fatty acid fraction mapping using chemical shift encoding‐based imaging at 3 T
Authors: Honecker Julius , Prokopchuk Olga , Seeliger Claudine , Hauner Hans , Junker Daniela , Karampinos Dimitrios C. , Ruschke Stefan 
Published: June 2024

PurposeThe aim of this work is to develop an ω‐3 fatty acid fraction mapping method at 3 T based on a chemical shift encoding model, to assess its performance in a phantom and in vitro study, and to further demonstrate its feasibility in vivo.MethodsA signal model was heuristically derived based on spectral appearance and theoretical considerations of the corresponding molecular structures to differentiate between ω‐3 and non‐ω‐3 fatty acid substituents in triacylglycerols in addition to the number of double bonds (ndb), the number of methylene‐interrupted double bonds (nmidb), and the mean fatty acid chain length (CL). First, the signal model was validated using single‐voxel spectroscopy and a time‐interleaved multi‐echo gradient‐echo (TIMGRE) sequence in gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS)‐calibrated oil phantoms. Second, the TIMGRE‐based method was validated in vitro in 21 adipose tissue samples with corresponding GC–MS measurements. Third, an in vivo feasibility study was performed for the TIMGRE‐based method in the gluteal region of two healthy volunteers. Phantom and in vitro data was analyzed using a Bland–Altman analysis.ResultsCompared with GC–MS, MRS showed in the phantom study significant correlations in estimating the ω‐3 fraction (p < 0.001), ndb (p < 0.001), nmidb (p < 0.001), and CL (p = 0.001); MRI showed in the phantom study significant correlations (all p < 0.001) for the ω‐3 fraction, ndb, and nmidb, but no correlation for CL. Also in the in vitro study, significant correlations (all p < 0.001) between MRI and GC–MS were observed for the ω‐3 fraction, ndb, and nmidb, but not for CL. An exemplary ROI measurement in vivo in the gluteal subcutaneous adipose tissue yielded (mean ± standard deviation) 0.8% ± 1.9% ω‐3 fraction.ConclusionThe present study demonstrated strong correlations between gradient‐echo imaging‐based ω‐3 fatty acid fraction mapping and GC–MS in the phantom and in vitro study. Furthermore, feasibility was demonstrated for characterizing adipose tissue in vivo.
Long prodromal symptoms of neuroleptic malignant syndrome in patient with intellectual developmental disorder—A case report
Authors: Sadati Seyedehnasibeh , Elyasi Forouzan , Shyasi Zahra , Rouhanizadeh Behzad 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundNeuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) is a rare and potentially life‐threatening condition that may arise at any point during treatment and is often associated with adverse reactions to dopamine‐blocking agents. This syndrome is normally characterized by features such as muscle rigidity, alteration in consciousness, autonomic instability, and leukocytosis.AimThe aim of this study is to investigate a borderline intellectual functioning (BIF) case in which NMS with insidious disease progression and long prodromal symptoms was developed.Case PresentationThe investigated patient was a 38‐year‐old female diagnosed with bipolar disorder and a variety of corresponding disorders. The patient exhibited gastrointestinal symptoms and restlessness in the weeks leading up to the study, subsequent to the administration of elevated doses of haloperidol, risperidone, and lithium. In addition, she was hospitalized for restlessness and aggressiveness in the summer of 2023. Furthermore, due to her chief complaint, she received parenteral haloperidol twice in the emergency room, subsequently experiencing fever, altered consciousness, generalized rigidity, and dysphagia. Moreover, the patient's initial creatine phosphokinase (CPK) level was 2550 IU/L, and she was hospitalized in an intensive care unit with the diagnosis of NMS for 8 days.ConclusionsThis case study highlights the necessity of being attentive about prodromal symptoms of NMS and emergent interventions.
Low‐calorie diet‐induced weight loss is associated with altered brain connectivity and food desire in obesity
Authors: Hoang Hai , Lacadie Cheryl , Hwang Janice , Lam Katherine , Elshafie Ahmed , Rosenberg Samuel B. , Watt Charles , Sinha Rajita , Constable R. Todd , Savoye Mary , Seo Dongju , Belfort‐DeAguiar Renata 
Published: June 2024

AbstractObjectiveThe main objective of this study is to better understand the effects of diet‐induced weight loss on brain connectivity in response to changes in glucose levels in individuals with obesity.MethodsA total of 25 individuals with obesity, among whom 9 had a diagnosis of type 2 diabetes, underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scans before and after an 8‐week low‐calorie diet. We used a two‐step hypereuglycemia clamp approach to mimic the changes in glucose levels observed in the postprandial period in combination with task‐mediated fMRI intrinsic connectivity distribution (ICD) analysis.ResultsAfter the diet, participants lost an average of 3.3% body weight. Diet‐induced weight loss led to a decrease in leptin levels, an increase in hunger and food intake, and greater brain connectivity in the parahippocampus, right hippocampus, and temporal cortex (limbic–temporal network). Group differences (with vs. without type 2 diabetes) were noted in several brain networks. Connectivity in the limbic–temporal and frontal–parietal brain clusters inversely correlated with hunger.ConclusionsA short‐term low‐calorie diet led to a multifaceted body response in patients with obesity, with an increase in connectivity in the limbic–temporal network (emotion and memory) and hormone and eating behavior changes that may be important for recovering the weight lost.
Identification of Ppy‐lineage cells as a novel origin of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma
Authors: Pereye Ofejiro Blessing , Nakagawa Yuko , Sato Takashi , Fukunaka Ayako , Aoyama Shuhei , Nishida Yuya , Mizutani Wakana , Kobayashi Nanami , Morishita Yohei , Oyama Tetsunari , Kawabata‐Iwakawa Reika , Watada Hirotaka , Mizukami Hiroki , Fukuda Akihisa , Fujitani Yoshio 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe Ppy gene encodes pancreatic polypeptide (PP) secreted by PP‐ or γ‐cells, which are a subtype of endocrine cells localised mainly in the islet periphery. For a detailed characterisation of PP cells, we aimed to establish PP cell lines. To this end, we generated a mouse model harbouring the SV40 large T antigen (TAg) in the Rosa26 locus, which is expressed upon Ppy‐promoter‐mediated Cre–loxP recombination. Whereas Insulin1‐CreERT‐mediated TAg expression in beta cells resulted in insulinoma, surprisingly, Ppy‐Cre‐mediated TAg expression resulted in the malignant transformation of Ppy‐lineage cells. These mice showed distorted islet structural integrity at 5 days of age compared with normal islets. CK19+ duct‐like lesions contiguous with the islets were observed at 2 weeks of age, and mice developed aggressive pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) at 4 weeks of age, suggesting that PDAC can originate from the islet/endocrine pancreas. This was unexpected as PDAC is believed to originate from the exocrine pancreas. RNA‐sequencing analysis of Ppy‐lineage islet cells from 7‐day‐old TAg+ mice showed a downregulation and an upregulation of endocrine and exocrine genes, respectively, in addition to the upregulation of genes and pathways associated with PDAC. These results suggest that the expression of an oncogene in Ppy‐lineage cells induces a switch from endocrine cell fate to PDAC. Our findings demonstrate that Ppy‐lineage cells may be an origin of PDAC and may provide novel insights into the pathogenesis of pancreatic cancer, as well as possible therapeutic strategies. © 2024 The Authors. The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
Advanced polymer composites and polymer hybrids for cartilage tissue engineering
Authors: Liu Shan , Hu Xiao , He Min , Liu Wei , Zhou Dengfeng , Li Yang , Qin Shuhao 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe repair and regeneration of cartilage is a challenge for scientists and clinical surgery. Achieving cell adhesion and regeneration, anti‐inflammatory, lubrication, targeted drug delivery and controlled release simultaneously in cartilage treatment are the goals of researchers. Polymer composites and hybrids have the potential to realize above functions in cartilage tissue engineering. This review refers to cartilage injuries, current clinical techniques, and their benefits and limitations, focusing on the most relevant and state of art of advanced polymers for cartilage tissue engineering. The frontier applications of multifunctional polymer composites and hybrids in cartilage tissue engineering are discussed in depth, including polymer scaffold, polymer bio‐lubricant, and zwitterionic polymer for drug delivery and sustained drug release. A summary of comprehensive properties of polymers such as processability, mechanical properties, biocompatibility, biodegradability, hydrophilicity, cytotoxicity, etc., and their mechanisms are analyzed. Furthermore, some key challenges and outstanding concerns on polymer‐based materials for cartilage tissue engineering are presented followed by future perspectives.Highlights
The state of art of advanced polymers for cartilage tissue engineering.
The advanced bionic property and mechanism of polymer composites and hybrids.
Polymers for scaffold, biolubricant, drug delivery, sustained drug release.
Future perspectives on polymer composites, hybrids‐based cartilage materials.
Dürren in Deutschland
Authors: Kleidon Axel 
Published: June 2024

ZusammenfassungTrockenperioden und Starkregen entstehen durch starke raumzeitliche Unterschiede von Verdunstung und Niederschlag. Physikalisch stellen sie Flüsse dar, die einen Zustand des thermodynamischen Gleichgewichts hinsichtlich der Sättigung von Wasserdampf in der Atmosphäre ab‐ und wieder aufbauen. Der Klimawandel verstärkt diese Unterschiede und das Nichtgleichgewicht, weil erwärmte Luft mehr Feuchte halten kann. Niederschlagsereignisse werden stärker und kürzer, da mehr Kondensation mehr Leistung erzeugt, die zu mehr Bewegung und Entfeuchtung führt. In Deutschland zeigen sich diese Effekte hauptsächlich in einer verstärkten potenziellen Verdunstung und der Zunahme in der Absorption von Solarstrahlung an der Oberfläche, während der Niederschlag keinen klaren Trend zeigt. Deshalb hat die Trockenheit in Deutschland durch den Klimawandel schon erheblich zugenommen.
Role of post‐hepatectomy portal hypertension in predicting the outcome of hepatocellular carcinoma after curative resection
Authors: Lin Jian , Chen Liangrui , Shi Xiaodong , Li Fengwei , Xu Qian , Liu Hongzhi , Liu Jingfeng , Wang Kui , Shen Feng 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAimsPortal venous pressure frequently increases after a major hepatectomy. We aimed to assess the outcomes of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with different post‐hepatectomy portal pressure statuses and the predictive factors correlated with prognosis and post‐hepatectomy portal hypertension (PHPH).MethodsData from consecutive patients who underwent curative‐intent hepatectomy for HCC at the Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital and Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University between January 2008 and December 2016 were retrospectively analyzed. Patients were followed up until March 1, 2022. PHPH was defined as new‐onset portal hypertension (PH) in patients without preoperative PH within 1 month of hepatectomy. Patients were classified into two groups according to the presence or absence of PHPH: non‐PH and PHPH. The clinicopathological characteristics were compared between the two groups. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to identify independent risk factors for early and late recurrence of HCC, overall survival (OS), and PHPH.ResultsDisease‐free survival rates were significantly higher in the non‐PH group (n = 1068) than those in the PHPH group (n = 423) (62.0%, 39.0%, and 31.0% vs. 46.2%, 24.5%, and 19.3% at 1, 3, and 5 years, respectively; all p < 0.001). The 1‐, 3‐, and 5‐year OS rates were 91.0%, 66.4%, and 51.4% in the non‐PH group and 80.0%, 48.9%, and 32.6% in the PHPH group, respectively (all p < 0.001). Multivariate analysis revealed that PHPH was independently associated with early recurrence of HCC and poor OS (hazard ratio [HR] 1.476, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.279–1.704, p < 0.001 and HR 1.601, 95% CI 1.383–1.853, p < 0.001, respectively). Furthermore, hepatitis B virus infection, cirrhosis, preoperative alanine aminotransferase > 40 U/L, and major hepatectomy were identified as independent risk factors for PHPH.ConclusionsPHPH was associated with early recurrence of HCC and poor OS but not with late recurrence. Therefore, PHPH may be an attractive target for therapeutic interventions and follow‐up surveillance to improve prognosis.
A microfluidic platform for automatic continuous flow layer‐by‐layer assembly of polymer multilayered nanofilms
Authors: Miao Kun , Ding Zhenya , Kashem Md Nayeem Hasan , Lim HyunTaek , Wang Wenwen , Li Wei 
Published: June 2024

AbstractCapillary flow layer‐by‐layer assembly is a microfluidic platform for high throughput preparation and screening of multilayered polymer nanofilms. However, it is time‐consuming and labor‐intensive, since the switching of polyelectrolyte solutions is done manually. As the emergence of flow chemistry and microdevices for artificial intelligence‐based lab automation, an automatic system that can switch polymer solutions and washing liquids is urgently needed for building functional LbL films inside microfluidic devices. Herein, we construct a continuous flow (ConF)‐layer‐by‐layer (LbL) device that can automatically fabricate polymer nanofilms inside a microfluidic device. By including a flow separator and a mixer (a model polyelectrolyte pair), chitosan and carboxymethyl cellulose can be deposited inside a microfluidic device using the ConF‐LbL system. Resulting nanofilms are studied by investigating thickness and surface roughness of the nanofilms and comparing with the other conventional LbL methods. The acid dissolution method was used to compare the differences in stability between nanofilms made from ConF‐LbL and static immersive method in similar conditions. Furthermore, by using one optimized film formulation for coating on the inside walls of a microfluidic chip, we successfully demonstrated the ability of this device to capture cancer cells in whole blood. This ConF‐LbL platform is expected to be a convenient tool to coat functional nanofilms inside microdevices for biomedical and sensor applications.
A Boulder Beach Formed by Waves From a Calving Glacier Revisited: Multidecadal Tsunami–Controlled Coastal Changes in Front of Eqip Sermia, West Greenland
Authors: Kostrzewa Oskar , Szczypińska Małgorzata , Kavan Jan , Senderak Krzysztof , Novák Milan , Strzelecki Mateusz C. 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACTThe calving of glaciers regularly produces tsunami‐like waves that pose a serious threat to coastal environments. Those strong waves are not only able to move ice mélange and redistribute icebergs, growlers, or sea ice across a fjord but also flood and remodel neighbouring cliffs and beaches. Here, we analyze over 90 years (1929–2023) of coastal zone changes that occurred in front of Eqip Sermia. We show that calving waves play a dominant role in transforming the lateral moraine and forming a beach and spit system south of the glacier front. Part of the former moraine has transformed into a boulder‐dominated spit, which closed the lagoon over the years. By multidecadal analysis, we also detected a significant erosion of unconsolidated cliffs located on the opposite side of the bay (~0.53 m per year between 1985 and 2023). In addition, we demonstrate that even a single event (one calving wave) can remodel a beach surface by entrainment of up to 1.8‐m‐diameter boulders and the erosion of the beach surface by washing away sand and gravel from rocky outcrops. Our study constitutes important progress toward modes of paraglacial coastal evolution in regions characterized by rapidly retreating calving glaciers.
Synthesis of Good Solid‐State Emissive Carbon Dots through Microwave‐Assisted Microemulsion Process
Authors: Yue Dong , Zhang Zhiying , Liu Yun , Yan Dong , Nie Shidong 
Published: June 2024

AbstractEnvironmental‐friendly carbon dots (CDs) have found wide applications in the fields of white light emitting diode (WLED), chemical sensor, wide‐gamut display, etc. However, for the aggregation‐caused quenching (ACQ) effect, high dose of CDs immobilization generally suffers from the great fluorescence quenching, hindering their practical uses in many cases. In the present work, a one‐step microwave‐assisted microemulsion process is developed to prepare matrix‐free green CDs powders with absolute fluorescent quantum yield (QY) up to 48.34%. From dilute solution to matrix‐free powder, the QY of CDs decreases only about 20%, significant smaller than the sample prepared without surfactant (74%). Structural characterization and fluorescent lifetime measurements suggest that the passivation of hydrophobic long‐alkyl chains from surfactant Span‐80 is very key for their good solid‐state photoluminescence (PL). For the good solid‐state PL and various solvent‐compatibility, the CDs reported show promising applications in the fabrication of WLED and the measurement of water content of ethanol/water solution. This work provides a new idea to design and simply synthesize desirable CDs‐based luminescent materials with good solid‐state PL.
Effects of psychological interventions on fear of cancer recurrence: A systematic review and network meta‐analysis
Authors: Chen Jie , Sun Yanhong , Shao Ying , Meng Aifeng , Bai Yamei , Li Xiaoli , Zhou Zhiyan , Wang Hui , Zhi Xiaoxu 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe study aimed to systematically compare the effects of psychological interventions on relieving fear of cancer recurrence (FCR) by a systematic review and network meta‐analysis (NMA). The relevant randomized controlled trials were searched from China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Database, VIP Database for Chinese Technical Periodicals, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, Cochrane Library, Pubmed, Web of Science, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and Embase. The retrieval time was from the establishment of each database to January 23, 2024. Review Manager 5.4 software was used to evaluate the quality of each literature that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Stata16.0 was used for NMA. Standardized mean differences (SMDs) of patients' FCR outcomes and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to determine the effects. Inconsistency test, network map, surface under the cumulative rankings curve (SUCRA), comparison‐adjusted funnel plot were performed. A total of 41 articles were included, with 4056 patients and 15 psychological interventions. Six psychological interventions (NT, Narrative Therapy; ACT, Accept and Commitment Therapy; GT, Therapy based on Gratitude‐Expanded Behavior Theory; Blend Cognitive Behavior Therapy; PERMA, PERMA Therapy; CBT, Cognitive Behavior Therapy) were effective in alleviating FCR in the short term compared with usual care, whereas the effects of ACT, GT, and CBT were sustained up to more than 3 months postintervention. NT ranked as most likely to alleviate FCR, (SUCRA: 89.8%, SMD: −2.89, 95% CI: −4.08 to −1.69), followed by ACT (SUCRA: 88.1%, SMD: −2.83, 95% CI: −4.38 to −1.27) in short‐term effects. GT ranked as most likely to alleviate FCR in long‐term effects (SUCRA: 100%, SMD: −3.35, 95% CI: −4.21 to −2.50), followed by ACT (SUCRA: 88.9%, SMD: −1.64, 95% CI: −2.36 to −0.91). However, most of the quality of evidence for pairwise comparison was rated as “very low” to “low.” The evidence can help inform evidence‐based practice and guide healthcare providers in deciding on the most effective psychological interventions for FCR, which should also be viewed with caution due to the low level of the quality.
Topological Quantum Transport Characteristic by Three‐band Correlation Mechanism in 2D SnSe
Authors: Li Dongxin , Yan Zhengxin , Song Wei , Kong Juntao , Xu Wuyue , Cheng Qian , Liang Xingkun , Zhao Zehua 
Published: June 2024

AbstractUnderstanding electron quantum transport and their coupling interactions in 2D matrix is crucial for manipulating and designing more efficient energy conversion devices, especially in the context of spin transport. Here, we systematically calculate the electronic dispersion properties which the synergistic interaction of the three‐band accounted for the topological transport of edge correlated electrons. The helical state protected by the topology appears at the boundary, accompanied by the upward movement (∼0.2 eV) of the helical point caused by the excitation and the loop channel, which the weak braiding effect reveal local strongly correlated interactions between the boundary electrons. In addition, we also introduce spin Hall conductance and Z2 topological invariants to describe the election dispersion of the topological transport. This provides more possibilities for the realization of topological quantum computing application.
Tunable Quantum Coherence of Luminescent Molecular Spins Organized via Block Copolymer Self‐Assembly
Authors: Hou Liman , Zhang Yu‐Shuang , Zhang Yipeng , Jiang Shang‐Da , Wang Mingfeng 
Published: June 2024

AbstractElectronic or nuclear spins represent promising candidates of qubits for applications in quantum information technologies and spintronic devices. However, it remains a challenge to achieve scalable and spatially defined organization of a large number of spins as qubits, which is essential in the feasible fabrication of quantum circuits. We report a strategy of block copolymer self‐assembly to organize molecular spins as qubits across molecular to micro‐/nano‐scales in polymeric films of organic luminescent radicals centered in star‐like block copolymers. We have achieved not only scalable and spatially defined organization of the molecular spins in polymeric films with long‐range periodic ordering but also controllable spin‐lattice relaxation dynamics and spin coherence lifetimes that can be finely tuned by the domain sizes and rigidities of the polymeric matrices.