bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Thermal and morphological properties of thermotropic liquid‐crystalline copolyesters containing poly(ethylene terephthalate), 4‐hydroxyphenylacetic acid and main‐chain rigid aromatic units
Authors: Babacan Volkan , Aksoy Serpil , Yerlikaya Zekeriya , Altinok Haydar 
Published: February 2010

AbstractThermotropic liquid‐crystalline polymers (TLCPs) have aroused considerable interest due to their attractive properties as high‐performance materials. Significant research attention has been devoted to investigating the relationship among monomer structures, syntheses and end‐use properties of TLCPs. The study reported here concerns the preparation, characterization and melt spinning of novel copolyesters containing two different flexible units together with two different aromatic units in the polymer chains. A range of copolyesters based on p‐hydroxybenzoic acid (p‐HBA), m‐hydroxybenzoic acid, p‐hydroxyphenylacetic acid and poly(ethylene terephthalate) were synthesized. The liquid crystallinity, thermal properties and degrees of crystallinity of these copolyesters were investigated using hot‐stage polarized light microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetry and wide‐angle X‐ray diffraction. Copolyester fibres were characterized using scanning electron microscopy. The copolyesters were melt‐processable, thermally stable and could be processed above their melting temperatures without degradation. The degree of crystal structure was found to depend upon the content of p‐HBA. The fibres prepared showed that polymer chains had a well‐developed fibrillar structure. Novel TLCPs containing flexible units in the main chain were synthesized and characterized. Copolyesters containing p‐HBA units ranging from 55 to 70 mol% exhibited phase‐separated liquid‐crystalline morphology, appropriate melting temperatures and high thermal stability for melt processing. Copyright © 2010 Society of Chemical Industry
Synthesis and characterization of a novel solid–solid phase change luminescence material
Authors: Gu Xiaohua , Xi Peng , Cheng Bowen , Niu Shuqing 
Published: February 2010

AbstractBecause of the large energy storage and small temperature variation during the phase change process, phase change materials (PCMs) are attracting increasing attention. In this study, a novel solid–solid PCM was prepared by coordinating rare earth Eu3+ ions to the carboxylate groups of a poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) modified with two terephthalic acid groups. The structure and properties of the material were characterized using 1H NMR, differential scanning calorimetry, infrared spectroscopy, gel permeation chromatograph and fluorescence spectroscopy. The coordination of Eu3+ with the double‐carboxylated PEG material significantly improved both the enthalpy value of the phase change material and its light‐emitting properties. This paper describes the facile synthesis and characterization of a novel phase exchange luminescent Eu–PEG material. The light‐emitting characterizations show that this modified PEG material has both good phase change properties and excellent luminescent properties. Copyright © 2010 Society of Chemical Industry
Copolymers based on poly(butylene terephthalate) and polycaprolactone‐block‐polydimethylsiloxane‐block‐polycaprolactone
Authors: Antić Vesna V , Pergal Marija V , Govedarica Milutin N , Antić Mališa P , Djonlagić Jasna 
Published: February 2010

AbstractA series of novel thermoplastic elastomers, based on poly(butylene terephthalate) (PBT) and polycaprolactone‐block‐polydimethylsiloxane‐block‐polycaprolactone (PCL‐PDMS‐PCL), with various mass fractions, were synthesized through melt polycondensation. In the synthesis of the poly(ester‐siloxane)s, the PCL blocks served as a compatibilizer for the non‐polar PDMS blocks and the polar comonomers dimethyl terephthalate and 1,4‐butanediol. The introduction of PCL‐PDMS‐PCL soft segments resulted in an improvement of the miscibility of the reaction mixture and therefore in higher molecular weight polymers. The content of hard PBT segments in the polymer chains was varied from 10 to 80 mass%. The degree of crystallinity of the poly(ester‐siloxane)s was determined using differential scanning calorimetry and wide‐angle X‐ray scattering. The introduction of PCL‐PDMS‐PCL soft segments into the polymer main chains reduced the crystallinity of the hard segments and altered related properties such as melting temperature and storage modulus, and also modified the surface properties. The thermal stability of the poly(ester‐siloxane)s was higher than that of the PBT homopolymer. The inclusion of the siloxane prepolymer with terminal PCL into the macromolecular chains increased the molecular weight of the copolymers, the homogeneity of the samples in terms of composition and structure and the thermal stability. It also resulted in mechanical properties which could be tailored. Copyright © 2010 Society of Chemical Industry
Assessment of psychological distress in cancer patients: a pivotal role for clinical interview
Authors: Bonacchi A. , Rossi A. , Bellotti L. , Franco S. , Toccafondi A. , Miccinesi G. , Rosselli M. 
Published: February 2010

AbstractObjective: The evaluation of psychological distress in cancer patients recently entered oncologic clinical practice. The objective of this study was to evaluate the role of clinical interview within psycho‐oncologic assessment.Methods: Questionnaires assessing distress (PDI), psychopathology (MHQ, HADS) and needs (NEQ) and a subsequent clinical interview were proposed to 320 consecutive inpatients from the Oncology Department of Careggi Hospital in Florence.Results: The clinical interview made it possible to evaluate a significant percentage of patients (30%) who did not fill in questionnaires and to detect the presence of distress in 39 (13.7%) patients who would not have received a diagnosis in a protocol for the assessment of distress based only on questionnaires. It also provided the possibility to ask for help or to receive clinical support to a high percentage of patients (44.1%) who had not requested to speak to a psychologist through the questionnaires (NEQ). Moreover, 25% of patients who received prolonged clinical support had a low score in tests detecting distress, indicating that the opportunity for therapeutic support can emerge during a clinical interview, also in the absence of relevant symptoms detected by questionnaires.Conclusions: The use of more than one questionnaire in the assessment of distress and psychopathology is associated with reduced compliance and redundant information. On the other hand, clinical interview has a pivotal role in clinical evaluation and access to psychological support. We conclude that optimal efficacy of programs assessing distress in cancer patients is reached when a single questionnaire evaluating distress is associated with a clinical interview. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Changes in employment status and experience of discrimination among cancer patients: findings from a nationwide survey in Korea
Authors: Park Jae‐Hyun , Park Jong‐Hyock , Kim Sung‐Gyeong , Lee Kyung‐Sook , Hahm Myung‐Il 
Published: February 2010

AbstractBackground: As the number of working cancer patients increases, workplace discrimination and its relationship to changes in employment status among cancer patients is becoming an increasingly important social concern. The aim of this study is to provide a comprehensive overview of the relationship between changes in employment status and discrimination following a diagnosis of cancer.Methods: A total of 748 cancer patients, aged 18 years and older, who were employed before receiving a diagnosis of cancer, were enrolled in this study. Patients were recruited from ten cancer centers in Korea. Sociodemographic data, work‐related data, and clinical information, as well as information on changes in employment status and incidences of discrimination, were collected from all patients.Results: A change in employment status was reported by 73.4% of the sample, with unemployment being the most common change (46.4%). Forty‐two (5.6%) patients reported that they had experienced discrimination in the workplace. Reports of discrimination were only weakly correlated with changes in employment status, but were significantly correlated with forced unemployment. Additional analyses revealed that being female, being from a lower socioeconomic status group and having a disability were risk‐factors for unemployment, while being male, being from a higher socioeconomic status group and having a disability were risk‐factors for workplace discrimination or forced unemployment. Conclusions: More attention should be paid to vulnerable who are diagnosed with cancer. An individualized and culture‐based approach should be taken to minimize undesirable changes in employment status and to reduce discrimination among patients receiving a diagnosis of cancer. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Evaluation of human antibody responses to keyhole limpet hemocyanin on a carbohydrate microarray
Authors: Oyelaran Oyindasola , Gildersleeve Jeffrey C. 
Published: February 2010

AbstractPurpose: Keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH) is used as a vaccine adjuvant, as a carrier protein for small haptens, and as a treatment for bladder cancer. Immunization with KLH produces antibodies to tumor‐associated carbohydrate antigens (TACAs) in animals, and these antibodies have been postulated as the basis of efficacy for bladder cancer treatment. The purpose of this study was to evaluate antibody responses to KLH in humans.Experimental design: A carbohydrate microarray was used to profile antibody responses in 14 individuals immunized with KLH plus alum adjuvant.Results: Eight out of fourteen individuals produced antibodies to at least one TACA. Increases to Lewis X, Lewis Y, GA1di, GM3, and sialyl Lewis A were observed in certain individuals, but, in general, antibody profiles were highly variable. Pre‐immunization antibody levels to a subset of array antigens had a statistically significant correlation with the magnitude of the antibody response to KLH.Conclusions and clinical relevance: Antibodies to TACAs can be produced in humans, but antibody profiles differ considerably from person to person, which may contribute to variable clinical responses with KLH. Pre‐treatment antibody levels to certain antigens may be useful for predicting which patients will respond favorably to KLH.
Two New 3D Lanthanide Coordination Polymers with Benzenesulfonic and Adipic Acids: Synthesis, Structure and Luminescent Properties
Authors: Wang Zhuo , Bai Feng‐Ying , Xing Yong‐Heng , Xie Yan , Ge Mao‐Fa , Niu Shu‐Yun 
Published: February 2010

AbstractTwo new lanthanide complexes [Sm2(ad)2.5(BSA)(H2O)2]n (1) and [Nd2(ad)2.5(BSA)(H2O)2]n (2) (H2ad = adipic acid, HBSA = benzenesulfonic acid) were synthesized hydrothermally from the reaction of the lanthanide ions (Ln3+) with flexible aliphatic dicarboxylate and the rigid benzene sulfonic acid and characterized by elemental analysis, IR spectroscopy, and single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction. They crystallize monoclinic in space group P21/ c. Structural analyses revealed that the two complexes have intricate 3D net structures constructed by the bridging adipic ligand and benzenesulfonic acid. The thermogravimetric analysis of 1 and 2, as well as photoluminescent properties of 1 are discussed in detail.
Kristallstrukturen der iso‐Thiocyanatoberyllate (Ph4P)2[Be(NCS)4] und (Ph4P)4[{Be2(NCS)4(μ‐NCS)2}{Be2(NCS)6(μ‐H2N2C2S2)}]
Authors: Neumüller Bernhard , Dehnicke Kurt 
Published: February 2010

AbstractBis(tetraphenylphosphonium) hexachloridodiberyllate, (Ph4P)2[Be2Cl6], reacts with excess trimethylsilyl‐iso‐thiocyanate to give a mixture of colourless single crystals of (Ph4P)2[Be(NCS)4] (1) and (Ph4P)4[{Be2(NCS)4(μ‐NCS)2}{Be2(NCS)6(μ‐H2N2C2S2)}] (2), which can be separated by selection. Both complexes were characterized by X‐ray diffraction. Compound 1 can be prepared without by‐products by treatment of (Ph4P)2[BeCl4] with excess Me3SiNCS in dichloromethane solution. 1: Space group I41/a, Z = 4, lattice dimensions at 100(2) K: a = b = 1091.2(1), c = 3937.1(3) pm, R1 = 0.0474. The [Be(NCS)4]2– ion of 1 forms tetragonally distorted tetrahedral anions with Be–N distances of 168.4(2) pm and weak intermolecular S···S contacts along [100] and [010]. 2·4CH2Cl2: Space group P$\bar{1}$, Z = 1, lattice dimensions at 100(2) K: a = 919.5(1), b = 1248.3(1), c = 2707.0(2) pm, α = 101.61(1) °, β = 95.08(1) °, γ = 94.52(1) °, R1 = 0.103. Compound 2 contains two different anionic complexes in the ratio 1:1. In {Be2(NCS)4(μ‐NCS)2}2–, the beryllium atoms are connected by (NCS)– bridging groups forming centrosymmetric eight‐membered Be2(NCS)2 rings with distances Be–N of 168(1) pm and Be–S of 235.2(9) pm. The second anion {Be2(NCS)6(μ‐H2N2C2S2)}2– consists of two {Be(NCS)3}– units, which are linked by the nitrogen atoms of the unique dimeric cyclo‐addition product of HNCS with Be–N distances of 179(1) pm.
Interpnictogen Compounds with Polarised Phosphorus–Element Bonds
Authors: Burck Sebastian , Nieger Martin , Gudat Dietrich 
Published: February 2010

AbstractMetathesis of chloro‐substituted N‐heterocyclic phosphanes, arsanes, and stibanes with lithium tetraethylphospholide or ‐arsolide gave interpnictogen compounds 2–4 with As–P or Sb–P bonds, respectively. The products were characterised by analytical and spectroscopic data and single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction studies. All compounds feature central E–E′ bonds that are notably longer (5–12 %) than standard bond lengths, and the As–P bond in the isomers 2 and 3 which are merely distinguished by formal exchange of the pnictogen atoms between both rings differ by some 4 pm. The observed structural features suggest that compounds 2–4 may, like the corresponding diphosphanes, be perceived as adducts of Lewis‐pairs which are held together by a dative interpnictogen bond.
Naissances de la psychologie: la Nature et l'Esprit
Authors: Mengal Paul 
Published: February 2010

Dès sa constitution comme domaine du savoir à la fin du XVIe siècle, la psychologie se divise rapidement en deux tendances d’orientation différente. La première, d’inspiration naturaliste, se situe dans le prolongement du commentaire de la Physica aristotélicienne et se développe principalement dans les universités protestantes de Marburg et de Leyde. Dans ces établissements où règne alors un esprit humaniste, rationaliste et tolérant, se met en place la première forme du dualisme de l’âme et du corps.
Mais à la même époque, dans des cercles mystiques et hermétistes, se développe une autre conception de la psychologie dont la méthode interprétative s’inspire de l’exégèse biblique et met en oeuvre des procédés thérapeutiques, cure d’âme et cure magnétique, qui reposent sur l’influence psychologique.
Testicular and Paratesticular Pathology in Children: a 12‐Year Histopathological Review
Authors: Marulaiah Mohan , Gilhotra Amardeep , Moore Lynette , Boucaut Hilary , Goh Day Way 
Published: February 2010

AbstractBackgroundOur institution is the principal pediatric surgical referral center for a population of 1.6 million. The objective of this study was to determine the spectrum and incidence of pediatric testicular and paratesticular pathology in this population.MethodsPathology results of all testicular and paratesticular specimens between August 1995 to September 2007 were analyzed. Clinical details were retrieved retrospectively from the computerized database, recording age, mode of presentation, laterality, and associated inguinoscrotal pathology.ResultsOver 12 years 2 months, 474 patients (502 specimens) were identified. Testicular and paratesticular pathology was most frequent in patients aged 1–2 years (11%) and 11–12 years (10.5%). In all, 442 patients had non‐neoplastic pathology, with 60.4% presenting acutely. The most common non‐neoplastic pathologies were hydatid of Morgagni (42.6%) and “vanishing testis” (14.3%). Vanishing and atrophic testes were frequently explored between 1 and 2 years of age, with a left predominance. Most atrophic testes were undescended (54.8%). Testicular torsion occurred in 11.2%, with bimodal peak ages of <1 year and 13–14 years. Interestingly, testicular torsion also occurred more on the left side (68%). A total of 32 patients had neoplasms. Of 27 patients with testicular neoplasms, 55.6% were malignant (29.6% primary and 26% secondary), the principal primary malignancy was yolk sac tumor; the most common benign neoplasms were epidermoid cysts and teratomas. Five patients had paratesticular neoplasms, with rhabdomyosarcoma in 80%.ConclusionsThe variety of scrotal and testicular pathology in children is considerable, with acute pathologic conditions comprising the bulk in the older (7–15 years) children, whereas impalpable testes and neoplasms comprise most of the lesions in infants. Interestingly testicular torsion, vanishing testes, and atrophic testes occur mainly on the left side. Benign testicular neoplasms occur more frequently than primary malignancies.
Platelet Transfusion can be Related to Liver Regeneration After Living Donor Liver Transplantation
Authors: Kim Joohyun , Yi Nam‐Joon , Shin Woo Young , Kim Taehoon , Lee Kuhn Uk , Suh Kyung‐Suk 
Published: February 2010

AbstractBackgroundAlthough liver regeneration is a fundamental aspect of living donor liver transplantation (LDLT), the factors that affect liver regeneration during the early post‐transplantation period have not been thoroughly investigated. Recently it was suggested that platelets contribute to liver regeneration. The aim of the present study was to identify the major factors that affect liver graft regeneration during the early post‐transplantation period.Materials and methodsEighty‐seven right liver grafted, adult‐to‐adult LDLT patients were retrospectively analyzed. Liver regeneration was assessed by volumetry from computed tomographic (CT) scans obtained between the 9th and 11th postoperative days. The authors investigated relationships between clinical variables and liver graft regeneration rates, and they conducted multiple regression analysis on factors found to be significant by univariate analysis.ResultsMean graft weight at operation was 722.9 ± 109.7 g, and mean graft volume assessed by follow‐up CT was 1,042.2 ± 155.6 ml, reflecting a mean liver graft regeneration of 45.9 ± 22.3%. The graft regeneration was found to correlate inversely with graft‐to‐recipient weight ratio (GRWR, r = −0.406, p < 0.001) and directly with portal flow velocity (cm/s; r = 0.307; p = 0.004) and splenic index (cm3; r = 0.282; p = 0.009). Moreover, the total amount (units) of platelets transfused was found to be significantly associated with graft regeneration (r = 0.293; p = −.006). Stepwise regression analysis showed that GRWR (β = −33.124; p = 0.001), total amount of platelets transfused (β = 0.771; p = 0.012), and splenic index (β = −0.010; p = 0.049) were independently associated with graft regeneration.ConclusionsThe results of the present study suggest that platelets play a significant role in human liver regeneration after LDLT.
Nutritional issues in treating phenylketonuria
Authors: Feillet François , Agostoni Carlo 
Published: February 2010

AbstractA phenylalanine (Phe)‐restricted diet is the mainstay of phenylketonuria (PKU) treatment, and, in recent years, the nutritional management of PKU has become more complex in order to optimize patients’ growth, development and diet compliance. Dietary restriction of Phe creates a diet similar to a vegan diet, and many of the nutritional concerns and questions applicable to vegans who wish to avoid animal products are also relevant to patients with PKU. Owing to their nutritional characteristics, breast milk and breastfeeding should be given greater consideration as a useful food in patients with PKU and in those with other inborn errors of metabolism. Further key issues for consideration include the quality of the available amino acid substitutes, the neurotrophic and neuroprotective effects of added long‐chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (e.g. docosahexaenoic acid), micronutrient deficiencies, bone disease and antioxidant status. Long‐term dietary guidance and monitoring of the nutritional status of patients with PKU should be part of a follow‐up programme that continues for life.
Elevated Production of Docosahexaenoic Acid in Females: Potential Molecular Mechanisms
Authors: Kitson Alex P. , Stroud Chad K. , Stark Ken D. 
Published: February 2010

AbstractObservational evidence suggests that in populations consuming low levels of n‐3 highly unsaturated fatty acids, women have higher blood levels of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA; 22:3n‐6) as compared with men. Increased conversion of alpha‐linolenic acid (ALA; 18:3n‐3) to DHA by females has been confirmed in fatty acid stable isotope studies. This difference in conversion appears to be associated with estrogen and some evidence indicates that the expression of enzymes involved in synthesis of DHA from ALA, including desaturases and elongases, is elevated in females. An estrogen‐associated effect may be mediated by peroxisome proliferator activated receptor‐α (PPARα), as activation of this nuclear receptor increases the expression of these enzymes. However, because estrogens are weak ligands for PPARα, estrogen‐mediated increases in PPARα activity likely occur through an indirect mechanism involving membrane‐bound estrogen receptors and estrogen‐sensitive G‐proteins. The protein kinases activated by these receptors phosphorylate and increase the activity of PPARα, as well as phospholipase A2 and cyclooxygenase 2 that increase the intracellular concentration of PPARα ligands. This review will outline current knowledge regarding elevated DHA production in females, as well as highlight interactions between estrogen signaling and PPARα activity that may mediate this effect.
A functional MRI study of verbal fluency in adults with bipolar disorder and their unaffected relatives
Authors: Allin M. P. G. , Marshall N. , Schulze K. , Walshe M. , Hall M.-H. , Picchioni M. , Murray R. M. , McDonald C. 
Published: February 2010

BackgroundIndividuals with a history of bipolar disorder demonstrate abnormalities of executive function, even during euthymia. The neural architecture underlying this and its relationship with genetic susceptibility for illness remain unclear.MethodWe assessed 18 remitted individuals with bipolar disorder, 19 of their unaffected first degree relatives and 19 healthy controls using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and a paced verbal fluency task with two levels of difficulty.ResultsBipolar patients made significantly more errors in the easy level of the verbal fluency task than their relatives or controls. Analysis of variance of fMRI data demonstrated a significant main effect of group in a large cluster including retrosplenial cortex and adjacent precuneate cortex (x=7, y=−56, x=15). All three groups showed deactivation in these areas during task performance relative to a neutral or rest condition. Group differences comprised a lesser amount of deactivation in unaffected relatives compared with controls in the easy condition [F(2, 55)=3.42,p=0.04] and in unaffected relatives compared with bipolar patients in the hard condition [F(2, 55)=4.34,p=0.018]. Comparison with the control group indicated that both bipolar patients and their relatives showed similar deficits of deactivation in retrosplenial cortex and reduced activation of left prefrontal cortex.ConclusionsBipolar disorder may be associated with an inherited abnormality of a neural network incorporating left prefrontal cortex and bilateral retrosplenial cortex.