bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Rapid Synthesis of Pyranoid Glycals Promoted by β‐Cyclodextrin and Ultrasound
Authors: Zhao Jinzhong , Shao Huawu , Wu Xin , Shi Shaojing 
Published: July 2011

AbstractA convenient and environmentally benign procedure for the synthesis of glycals from glycosyl bromides with very low zinc dust loading (1.5 equiv.) is described. The process is activated by β‐cyclodextrin and ultrasound. Based on 19 samples, this method has been demonstrated to be highly effective for a broad range of glycosyl bromides, including acid‐ or base‐sensitive and disaccharide glycosyl bromides. A yield of 85%–96% of glycals was obtained.
Cyclization of 4,5‐Diamino Pyrazole Derivatives and Their Antibacterial Activities
Authors: Rizk Hala F. , EI‐Badawi Mahmoud A. , Ibrahim Seham A. , EI‐Borai Mohamed A. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractA convenient synthesis of intermediate 4,5‐diamino‐3‐aryl‐1‐phenylpyrazoles 4a–4c was reported. The different cyclization reactions were carried out with chalcone, 2‐mercaptoacetic acid and p‐anisialdehyde, ethyl chloroformate, glyoxal and thiourea to afford different N and S containing heterocycles. The reaction conditions were compared by conventional heating and microwave irradiation. The structures of the cyclization products were determined by analytical and spectroscopic data. All the synthesized compounds were screened for antibacterial activities in vitro.
Synthesis and Supramolecular Assemblies of Tripodal 1,3,5‐Tris(phenoxymethyl)‐2,4,6‐triethylbenzene Analogues
Authors: Ma Mingliang , Kong Lingwei , Li Xiaoyan , Jin Haishan , Zhao Xiaoli , Wen Ke 
Published: July 2011

AbstractTripodal 1,3,5‐tris(phenoxymethyl)‐2,4,6‐triethylbenzene analogues have been synthesized and structurally characterized by IR, 1H NMR and 13C NMR spectroscopy and HRMS, and additionally, the single crystal structures of compounds bearing ortho‐ (7), meta‐ (9) and para‐hydroxymethyl (11) functions have been determined by X‐ray diffraction analysis. The structural study revealed that compounds 7, 9, and 11 do not adopt the expected 1,3,5‐alternate conformation in the solid state. The packing diagrams of compounds 7, 9, and 11 revealed that six hydrophilic hydroxymethyl groups from six individual molecules (7, 9 and 11) were arranged in close contact via intermolecular hydrogen‐bond interactions. For compounds 7 and 9, the six hydroxyl groups formed a distorted hexagonal ring; however, formation of such a hexagonal ring was not clear in the case of compound 11. Compounds 9 and 11 were found to form hydrophobic cavities via intermolecular hydrogen‐bond interactions in the solid state, and the cavities were occupied by two ethyl groups from the two cavity‐forming molecules.
Synthesis and Characterization of New 3‐(3‐Hydroxyphenyl)‐4‐ alkyl‐3,4‐dihydrobenzo[e][1,3]oxazepine‐1,5‐dione Compounds
Authors: Osman Hasnah , Mohammad AbdulKarim‐Talaq , Yeap Guan‐Yeow , Adam Farook 
Published: July 2011

AbstractA series of 3‐(3‐hydroxyphenyl)‐4‐alkyl‐3,4‐dihydrobenzo[e][1,3]oxazepine‐1,5‐dione compounds with general formula CnH2n+1CNO(CO)2C6H4(C6H4OH) in which n are even parity numbers from 2 to 18. The structure determinations on these compounds were performed by FT‐IR spectroscopy which indicated that the terminal alkyl chain attached to the oxazepine ring was fully extended. Conformational analysis in DMSO at ambient temperature was carried out for the first time via high resolution 1H NMR and 13C NMR spectroscopy.
Quantitative Analysis of Holmium Ion by a Ho3+ Ion‐Selective Sensor Based on a Symmetric Thio‐Schiff's Base
Authors: Zamani Hassan Ali , Fatemeh Rahimi , Fatemeh Naghavi‐Reyabbi , Ali Arvinfar , Alihossien Imani , Mohammad Reza Ganjali , Farnoush Faridbod , Masoud Salavati‐Niasari 
Published: July 2011

AbstractA poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) membrane sensor for holmium ions was fabricated based on N‐[(Z)‐1‐(2‐thienyl)‐ methylidene]‐N‐[4‐(4‐{[(Z)‐1‐(2‐thienyl)methylidene]amino} phenoxy)phenyl] amine (TPA) as a new ion carrier, acetophenon (AP) as plasticizing solvent mediator and sodium tetraphenyl borate (NaTPB) as an anion excluder. The electrode shows a good selectivity towards Ho3+ ions respect to other inorganic cations, including alkali, alkaline earth, transition and heavy metal ions. The constructed sensor displays a Nernstian behavior (19.5±0.3 mV/decade) over the concentration range of 1.0×10−6 to 1.0×10−2 mol·L−1 with the detection limit of the electrode being 4.6×10−7 mol·L−1 and very short response time (ca. 5 s). It has a useful working pH range of 3.2–9.8 for at least 8 weeks. The electrode was successfully applied as an indicator electrode for the potentiometric titration of a Ho3+ solution with EDTA and holmium determination in some alloys. The proposed sensor accuracy was studied by the determination of Ho3+ in mixtures of three different ions.
Novel Hydrazone‐Based Tripodal Sensors: Single Selective Colorimetric Chemosensor for Acetate in Aqueous Solution
Authors: Zhang Youming , Li Qiao , Zhang Qinsheng , Lin Qi , Cao Cheng , Liu Mingxia , Wei Taibao 
Published: July 2011

AbstractA series of novel tripodal colorimetric anion sensors based on hydrazone CHNNH groups have been synthesized and their recognition behavior with anionic guests has been studied. In DMSO solutions, sensors 1 and 2 show colorimetric responses for F−, H2PO−4 and AcO−, while in DMSO/H2O (9:1, V/V) solutions, sensor 1 shows single selectivity for AcO−. 1H NMR titration confirms that the tripodal sensors could bind anions through the collaboration of three hydrazone groups and anions residing in the central cavity of the sensors.
Determination of Astaxanthin and Canthaxanthin Triplet Properties in Different Polarities of the Solvent by Laser Flash Photolysis
Authors: Li Haixia , Zhang Peng , Song Xiyu , Wang Wenfeng 
Published: July 2011

AbstractTriplet‐triplet extinction coefficients for astaxanthin (I) and canthaxanthin (II) in different deaerated polarity solutions of MeCN and benzene were evaluated by laser flash photolysis at 298 K in the spectral region from 350 to 650 nm by energy transfer method, employing 2‐acetonaphthone as sensitizer. The triplet‐triplet extinction coefficients in MeCN and benzene were different in terms of the carotenoid present. The maximum triplet‐triplet extinction coefficient was 0.1–1.7×105 L·mol−1·cm−1 in different solvents. The rate constants of triplet decay were I: 1.25×1010 L·mol−1·s−1, II: 1.12×1010 L·mol−1·s−1 in MeCN; and I: 1.75×1010 L·mol−1·cm−1, II: 3.27×1010 L·mol−1·s−1 in benzene. The bimolecular rate constants of energy transfer from triplet excited 2‐acetonaphthone to carotenoids were determined from the linear regression of the decay rate constant of 2‐acetonaphthone triplet at varying carotenoid concentrations. The triplet lifetimes of 3AST* and 3CAN* in different solvents were also determined. The results indicated that triplet energy transfer was nearly diffusion‐controlled.
Effect of Lead Contamination on Soil Microbial Activity Measured by Microcalorimetry
Authors: Gai Nan , Yang Yongliang , Li Tao , Yao Jun , Wang Fei , Chen Huilun 
Published: July 2011

AbstractMicrocalorimetry was used to investigate the microbial activity in three types of soil (orchard soil, crop soil, forest soil) in Wuhan, China, and to evaluate the influence of different concentrations of lead (Pb2+) on soil microbial activity. The experimental results revealed that due to different physical and chemical characteristics of the soils, soil microbial activity in three soil samples were in a descending sequence: orchards soil, crops soil, forest soil. Six levels of Pb viz. 0, 10, 20, 40, 80, 160 μg·g−1 were applied in these soils, and the results showed that an increase of the amount of Pb2+ is associated with a decrease in microbial activity in the soils due to the toxic effect of Pb2+. In order to gain further insight of the sequential change of microorganisms, determination of colony forming units (CFU) was performed to provide a negative linear correlation between the heat effect and the respective number of microorganisms in the system.
Fitting regression models with response‐biased samples
Authors: Scott Alastair J. , Wild Chris J. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractThis paper extends the work in Lawless, Kalbfleisch, & Wild (1999) on fitting regression models with response‐biased samples, that is, samples where some or all the covariates are missing for some units and the probability that this happens depends in part on the value of the reponse of that unit. In general, the resulting likelihood depends on the distribution of the covariates but we are only interested in methods that do not involve modelling this distribution. We look at a variety of methods based on estimating equations, at the relationship of these methods to semi‐parametric efficient methods in cases where such methods exist, and show ways of obtaining efficiency gains that can sometimes be dramatic. The Canadian Journal of Statistics 39: 519–536; 2011 © 2011 Statistical Society of Canada
Optimal estimating functions in incomplete data and length biased sampling data problems
Authors: Qin Jing , Zhang Biao 
Published: July 2011

AbstractIt is well known that the score function is the optimal estimating function among all regular unbiased estimating functions (Godambe, 1960). In the presence of incomplete data such as missing data or length biased sampling data, Horvitz and Thompson's (1952) method is an effective way of eliminating the possible bias induced by using complete data only. In this article, we show that the inverse weighted Horvitz and Thompson score estimating function is not optimal in the presence of incomplete data. By using Godambe's estimating function theory, we can identify the optimal estimating function in this situation. In the case of the accelerated failure time model with length bias sampling data, the optimal estimating function can produce an unbiased estimator for the slope parameter even when the underlying density function is misspecified. Simulation studies show that the estimate derived from the optimal estimating function can be substantially better than the estimate derived from the inverse weighted score estimating function. The Canadian Journal of Statistics 39: 510–518; 2011 © 2011 Statistical Society of Canada
Retinal remodeling in the Tg P347L rabbit, a large‐eye model of retinal degeneration
Authors: Jones Bryan William , Kondo Mineo , Terasaki Hiroko , Watt Carl Brock , Rapp Kevin , Anderson James , Lin Yanhua , Shaw Marguerite Victoria , Yang Jia‐Hui , Marc Robert Edward 
Published: July 2011

AbstractA oblique section through the bipolar cell layer and partial outer plexiform layer (upper left) of a TgP347L rabbit retina early in the degenerative process visualized with sQE :: rgb mapping. At 12–16 weeks, the TgP347L rabbit retina still has photoreceptors, but Müller cell signatures in yellow/orange can be seen indicating early altered metabolic profiles prior to glial hypertrophy. Bipolar cells are functionally switching their phenotypes at this stage as revealed by glutamate channel expression changes and AGB permeation of activated iGluRs, but appear retain their formal small molecular phenotype at this stage. The Journal of Comparative Neurology, Volume 519, Number 14, pages 2713–2733. J. Comp. Neurol., 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Physical appearance as a measure of social ranking: The role of a new scale to understand the relationship between weight and dieting
Authors: Ferreira Cláudia , Pinto‐Gouveia José , Duarte Cristiana 
Published: July 2011

This study presents the development of a new self‐report instrument to assess how an individual perceives himself as social agent within his group having physical appearance as a reference, the Social Comparison through Physical Appearance Scale (SCPAS). This scale adds to the existent measures by assessing the social ranking based on one's physical appearance, and not the tendency to make comparisons of the general physical appearance or specific body parts. Its psychometric characteristics are investigated in a sample of 828 female participants from normal population. Principal components analysis was conducted for each part of the instrument: the Part A: peers shows a 2‐factor structure (Attractiveness/Rank and Group Fit) explaining 72.142% of the variance; the Part B: models presents a one‐dimensional structure that explains 69.191% of the variance. Findings show very good internal consistency coefficients and test‐retest reliability. The two parts of the SCPAS are significantly associated to social comparison and shame measures, to anxiety, depression and stress indicators, and to eating disorders symptomatology. The scale discriminates between a clinical sample of 91 patients with an eating disorder and a non‐clinical sample of 102 participants. Regression analyses pointed out that social comparison through physical appearance with peers and models partially mediates the effect of the dissatisfaction with current weight on disordered eating, namely drive for thinness. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.Key Practicioner Message

The SCPAS is a new self‐report questionnaire for assessing social ranking evaluation through the subjective comparison of physical appearance with others.
The SCPAS is a brief measure with very good internal consistency, test‐retest reliability, convergent and divergent validity, and it shows a satisfactory accuracy for discriminating between eating disorder patients and non‐clinical participants.
Findings suggest that disordered eating, namely dieting and thinness seeking, does not directly result from body image dissatisfaction, and other processes, such as perceptions of a low social rank that derive from appearance‐based comparisons, are probably involved.
Multiphoton flow cytometry strategies and applications
Authors: Tkaczyk Eric R. , Tkaczyk Alan H. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractA handful of research teams around the world have recently begun to utilize multiphoton techniques in cytometry, especially for in vivo applications. These approaches offer similar enhancements to flow cytometry as the multiphoton phenomenon brought to the field of microscopy at the turn of the 20th century, with at least six advantages over single‐photon excitation. Here, we review the published literature on multiphoton cytometry in vivo or in vitro from the initial experiments in 1999 to present. Multiphoton cytometry instrumentation set‐ups vary from adapted multiphoton microscopy to a dedicated system, with laser pulse power and repetition rate serving as important variables. Two‐beam geometry enables quantitation of cell size. Labeling strategies include conjugated fluorophore targeting, with folate and/or dendrimer platforms. With two‐color measurement, ratiometric labeling is also possible, where one dye serves as a trigger to indicate the amount of excitation a cell receives, and another informs of cellular function. With two‐color labeling, geometric fluorophore distribution proves important in theory and experiment for detection sensitivity curves and detected event intensity correlation. The main biological achievements to date using this young technology are reviewed, with emphasis on real‐time monitoring of minute‐by‐minute and long‐term cell dynamics as well as the clinically significant surveillance of circulating tumor cells. For this goal, minimally invasive two‐photon flow cytometry with a fiber probe may overcome the primary issue of sample volume. The technique of multicolor, multiphoton flow cytometry greatly enhances the capabilities of flow cytometry to investigate the dynamics of circulating cells in cancer and other important diseases, and may in the future benefit from advances in microscopy such as super‐resolution imaging, coherent control, and bioluminescence. © 2011 International Society for Advancement of Cytometry
Hetastarch reduces neuronal cell death caused by oxidative stress
Authors: Lee Kyu‐Yong , Koh Seong‐Ho , Kim Sangjae , Park Hyun‐Hee , Lee Young Joo 
Published: July 2011

AbstractWe investigated the effect of hetastarch, used for the treatment of acute ischemic stroke, on neuronal cell damage by oxidative stress, a main pathogenic mechanism in ischemic stroke. Neuronally differentiated PC12 cells (nPC12 cells) were treated with varying concentrations of hetastarch and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and their viability was measured with a 3,(4,5‐dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl)‐2,5‐diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and trypan blue staining. The effect of hetastarch on free radical production by H2O2 was evaluated using the fluorescent probe 2′,′‐dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (DCFH‐DA) and by quantifying the amount of 2,5‐ and 2,3‐dihydroxybenzoic acid (DHBA). Additionally, the expression levels of BAX, Bid, Bcl‐2, Bcl‐xL, cytosolic cytochrome c, and cleaved caspase‐3 were examined using Western blot analysis. Following exposure to 100 µM H2O2, the viability of nPC12 cells significantly decreased; however, cell viability increased with hetastarch treatment. Free radical production related to H2O2 exposure was significantly reduced after 100 µM hetastarch treatment. The expression levels of BAX, Bid, cytosolic cytochrome c, and activated caspase‐3 were reduced, whereas Bcl‐2 and Bcl‐xL levels increased in H2O2‐injured nPC12 cells treated with 100 µM hetastarch, as compared with nPC12 cells that were treated with only 100 µM H2O2. These results demonstrate that hetastarch can reduce oxidative stress‐induced neuronal cell death. Drug Dev Res 73: 35–42, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Electrostatic Interaction of Negatively Charged Core–Shell Nanoparticles with Antitumoral Cationic Platinum‐Based Complexes (Eur. J. Inorg. Chem. 22/2011)
Authors: Gál Miroslav , Híveš Ján , Laus Michele , Sparnacci Katia , Ravera Mauro , Gabano Elisabetta , Osella Domenico 
Published: July 2011

AbstractThe cover picture shows the electrostatic interaction between a cationic antiproliferative platinum compound cis‐[PtCl(NH3)2(py)]+ and novel poly(methyl methacrylate) core–shell nanoparticles bearing anionic (–SO3–) arms. This interaction was studied by electrochemical techniques to determine whether such particles might serve as drug carriers for Pt drugs. Details on these Pt–nanosphere conjugates can be found in the article by D. Osella et al. on p. 3289 ff.
Iminosugar Analogues of Phosphatidyl Inositol as Potential Inhibitors of Protein Kinase B (Akt)
Authors: Orsato Alexandre , Barbagallo Emanuela , Costa Barbara , Olivieri Sandro , De Gioia Luca , Nicotra Francesco , La Ferla Barbara 
Published: July 2011

AbstractA small virtual library of iminosugar derivatives was evaluated by docking experiments carried out by sampling a protein region corresponding to the phosphoinositide binding site of the PH domain of Akt. Four compounds were selected and efficiently synthesised from a common precursor. All compounds were subjected to preliminary biological evaluation on purified enzyme, and – among them – compound 9 exhibited the best inhibitory activity.
A Glucose Sensor Based on an Aminophenyl Boronic Acid Bonded Conducting Polymer
Authors: Das Debasmita , Kim Dong‐Min , Park Deog‐Su , Shim Yoon‐Bo 
Published: July 2011

Abstract3‐Aminophenyl boronic acid (APBA) bonded on the conducting polymer layer was prepared and used for detection of saccharides through the complexation between boronic acid and diol groups of saccharide. The probe was prepared by electropolymerization of 5,2′ : 5,2′′‐terthiophene‐3′‐carboxylic acid (TTCA), followed by covalent bond formation with APBA. It provides the site for the formation of tetrahedral boronate ester on the polymer layer (pTTCA). Each surface was characterized by CV, XPS, and QCM. Results show a dynamic range between 0.9 and 9.1 µM and a detection limit of 0.49 µM for glucose. The sensor was also applied for the detection of other saccharides including galactose and mannose. The performance of the sensor was evaluated in a human saliva sample.
Enhanced Sensitivity of a Galactose Biosensor Fabricated with a Bundle of Conducting Polymer Microtubules
Authors: Lee Kyoung Neung , Lee Youngkwan , Son Yongkeun 
Published: July 2011

AbstractA bundle of conducting polymer tubules was employed to build a biosensor of improved sensitivity. The tubule structure was able to provide larger enzyme encapsulating space per unit area of the sensor electrode compared to other immobilizing methods. The bundle structure was prepared by using electrochemical polymerization of EDOT into the template on ITO. After dosing of enzyme into the tubule, it was covered with PPDA channels. The amperometric response of the sensor to galactose showed linear behavior in the range of 0.1–1 mM with an average sensitivity of 6.37 µA/mM cm2. The response time was 30–40 s. After keeping the sensor in phosphate buffer solution at 4 °C for a week, it showed about 82 % of its original sensitivity. The detection limit was 0.01 mM based on S/N=3.
Electrochemical Screening of Biomarkers in Chemotype Mexican Oregano Oils on Single‐Walled Carbon Nanotubes Screen‐Printed Electrodes
Authors: Fuentes Fanny González , Gil Miguel Ángel López , Mendoza Sandra , Escarpa Alberto 
Published: July 2011

AbstractAn electrochemical screening for the determination of total biomarkers (thymol and carvacrol) of Lippia graveolens using single‐walled carbon nanotubes screen‐printed electrodes (SWCNT‐SPEs) is proposed. The suitability of the approach was demonstrated using GC‐MS by the analysis of selected Mexican oregano essential oil chemotypes. The analytical performance was excellent in terms of inter‐droplet precision (RSD≤6 %), sensitivity and linearity. An electrochemical index of biomarkers is proposed for fast assessment of oregano quality using just 50 µL of the sample. The route here proposed constitutes a very convenient screening tool in decentralized analysis because of the simplicity, disposability and easy‐to‐use by non‐specialist user.
Formation of a Single Pinhole on Self‐Assembled Monolayer Modified Nanometer‐Sized Gold Electrode and Its Electrochemical Behaviors
Authors: Lakbub Jude , Kady Ismail , Sun Peng 
Published: July 2011

AbstractIn this paper, a nanometer‐sized gold electrode with an effective radius around several tens of nanometers has been modified with a monolayer of alkanethiols. There are pinholes in the monolayer, and the pinholes can be used as very small electrode. Our evaluation shows that it is possible to have only one pinhole on the monolayer covered electrode. The single pinhole electrode has been used to study the electrochemical behaviors of fast and slow electrochemical reactions. Our results show that the electrochemical response of a slow electrochemical reaction is not a Butler–Volmer response if the electrode is small enough.
A novel approach to dielectrophoresis using carbon electrodes
Authors: Martinez‐Duarte Rodrigo , Renaud Philippe , Madou Marc J. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractCarbon‐electrode dielectrophoresis (carbon‐DEP) is demonstrated here as an alternative to more traditional DEP techniques. Carbon‐DEP combines advantages of metal‐electrode and insulator‐based DEP by using low‐cost fabrication techniques and low voltages for particle manipulation. The use of 3‐D electrodes is proved to yield significant advantages over the use of traditional planar electrodes. This paper details the fabrication of dense arrays of tall high aspect ratio carbon electrodes on a transparent fused‐silica substrate. The shrinkage of the SU‐8 structures during carbonization is characterized and a design tool for future devices is provided. Applications of carbon electrodes in DEP are then detailed and include particle positioning, high‐throughput filtering and cell focusing using positive‐DEP. Manipulated cells include Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Drosophila melanogaster. The advantages and disadvantages of carbon‐DEP are discussed at the end of this work.