bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Successful extraction of DNA from 100‐year‐old herbarium specimens of the liverwort Bazzania trilobata
Authors: Jankowiak Kamila , Buczkowska Katarzyna , Szweykowska-Kulinska Zofia 
Published: May 2010

AbstractUsing a modified DNeasy™ Plant Mini Kit method to extract DNA, we were able to isolate DNA from 100year‐old liverwort herbarium specimens. We sucessfully isolated DNA from 18 specimens of the liverwort Bazzania trilobata collected during the 20th century. Our observations suggest that, at least over 100 years of material storage, the most crucial factor in successful DNA isolation is method of drying, not age of sample.
Global patterns of moss diversity: taxonomic and molecular inferences
Authors: Shaw A. Jonathan , Cox Cymon J. , Goffinet Bernard 
Published: May 2010

AbstractTaxonomic and molecular data were utilized to test the hypothesis that moss diversity is greatest near the equator. Species richness estimates from 86 taxonomic checklists representing global moss diversity do not support the hypothesis that, in general, mosses are more species‐rich in the tropics than at higher latitudes. A significant latitudinal gradient was, however, detected for North, Central, and South American samples when analyzed alone. Taxonomic estimates of biodiversity patterns were compared to molecular estimates based on standing nucleotide diversity, and on phylogenetic diversity, the latter taking into account the historical information contained in a molecular phylogenetic tree for the mosses. Molecular estimates suggest that moss diversity is highest in the Southern Hemisphere and lowest in the Northern Hemisphere, with the tropics having an intermediate level. The differences, however, are slight, and analyses of molecular variance (AMOVA) indicate that there is virtually no generalized differentiation between major latitudinal zones. These results reflect the fact that virtually all moss lineages have representatives in all three latitudinal zones. At the nucleotide level, mosses best fit the pattern of “everything is everywhere”.
Interpolation hypothesis for origin of the vegetative sporophyte of land plants
Authors: Kato Masahiro , Akiyama Hiroyuki 
Published: May 2010

AbstractThis paper reviews interpretations of the morphology and evolution of the bryophyte sporophyte, and proposes a scenario for the early evolution of the land plant sporophyte. Paleobotanical and neobotanical evidence implies that the earliest land plants were bryophyte‐like and diverged to bryophytes and pteridophytes. The current hypothesis for the sporophyte evolution is that the seta, i.e., an axis bearing the sporangium of bryophytes, elaborated to the ramified polysporangiophyte stem. From comparison of reported developmental data with a special focus on the apical cell and other meristems, we propose that the entire bryophyte sporophyte is a footed sporangium (sporogonium) with or without a seta. The seta is interpreted as a sporangial stalk and is not homologous to the stem of polysporangiate plants. Having the persistent apical meristem, the shoot of polysporangiate plants seems to be a novel vegetative organ interpolated in the life cycle, while the sporogonium evolved to the sporangium separated from the foot and later produced on the stem or leaf.
A new species of Mucuna Adans. (Leguminosae, Papilionoideae, Phaseoleae) from southeastern Brazil, with a key to Brazilian species
Authors: Tozzi Ana Maria G. A. , Agostini Kayna , Sazima Marlies 
Published: May 2010

AbstractA new species, Mucuna japira A. M. G. Azevedo, Agostini & Sazima, is described from Brazil. It has features similar to M. sloanei Fawc. & Rendle, but has pseudo‐racemose inflorescences and the standard petal measures ¾ of the length of the keel, whereas M. sloanei has umbellate inflorescences and the standard petal measures ½ of the length of the keel. This new species is restricted to the Atlantic forest of coastal São Paulo, Southeastern Brazil. A key to Brazilian species is provided.
Typification of Linnaean plant names in Ranunculaceae
Authors: Jarvis Charles E. , Spencer Mark A. , Cafferty Steve 
Published: May 2010

AbstractLectotypes, neotypes and epitypes are designated by 10 specialists for 27 previously untypified Linnaean plant names belonging to the family Ranunculaceae. These newly proposed types support the current usage of the names concerned. Earlier but ineffective or supersedable type statements are discussed.
Typification of some Macaronesian and Mediterranean dendroid spurges
Authors: Molero Julià , Rovira Ana Maria 
Published: May 2010

AbstractTypification is provided for some names of Macaronesian and Mediterranean species of dendroid Euphorbia, traditionally associated with Euphorbia subsect. Pachycladae (Boiss.) Pax, as a nomenclatural contribution to a forthcoming taxonomic revision of this group. In addition, the inclusion of Euphorbia lambii and E. mellifera into synonymy of E. bourgeana and E. longifolia, respectively, is substantiated.
Lectotypification and status of Isaria Pers. : Fr.
Authors: Hodge Kathie T. , Gams Walter , Samson Robert A. , Korf Richard P. , Seifert Keith A. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractThe nomenclatural status and history of the generic name Isaria are reviewed. Authorship and typification are discussed, and we conclude that Isaria Pers. : Fr. is a validly published generic name that has previously been effectively and appropriately lectotypified by Isaria farinosa (Holm : Fr.) Fr. A lectotype illustration and an epitype specimen are designated for I. farinosa. We suggest that the name Isaria be used for species previously assigned to Paecilomyces section Isarioidea Samson. Further taxonomic studies are required to determine the appropriate circumscription of Isaria. Our conclusions preserve a Friesian genus in a familiar sense.
A note on the type of Orobanche sanguinea C. Presl (Orobanchaceae), nom. cons. prop.
Authors: Domina Gianniantonio , Greuter Werner , Mazzola Pietro 
Published: May 2010

AbstractThe type specimen of Orobanche sanguinea C. Presl, still identifiable even though damaged, belongs to the species generally known under that name. It is therefore unnecessary to conserve Presl’s name with a conserved type, as has been proposed. To eliminate any future controversy over the application of the name Orobanche sanguinea, an epitype is designated.
Acacia: the case against moving the type to Australia
Authors: Luckow Melissa , Hughes Colin , Schrire Brian , Winter Pieter , Fagg Christopher , Fortunato Renee , Hurter Johan , Rico Lourdes , Breteler Frans J. , Bruneau Anne , Caccavari Marta , Craven Lyn , Crisp Mike , Delgado Alfonso S. , Demissew Sebsebe , Doyle Jeffrey J. , Grether Rosaura , Harris Stephen , Herendeen Patrick S. , Hernández Héctor M. , Hirsch Ann M. , Jobson Richard , Klitgaard Bente B. , Labat Jean-Noël , Lock Mike , MacKinder Barbara , Pfeil Bernard , Simpson Beryl B. , Smith Gideon F. , Sousa Mario S. , Timberlake Jonathan , van der Maesen Jos G. , Van Wyk A. E. , Vorster Piet , Willis Christopher K. , Wieringa Jan J. , Wojciechowski Martin F. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractRecent studies have shown that Acacia is polyphyletic and must be split into five genera. Proposal 1584 would retypify Acacia : the type of the Australian taxon A. penninervis would be conserved over the current lectotype (A. scorpioides ) of an African taxon. We disagree with the recommendation of the Spermatophyte Committee to endorse this proposal. Contrary to Article 14.12 of the ICBN, no detailed case against conservation was presented in Proposal 1584. We maintain that there are strong arguments against conservation, such as the large number of countries that would be affected, the economic importance of the extra‐Australian species, and the economic burden placed on developing countries. Acceptance of this proposal would also violate the guidelines for conservation which clearly state that the principle of priority should prevail when conservation for one part of the world would create disadvantageous change in another part of the world.
Dr. Hsen‐Hsu Hu (1894–1968) — a founder of modern plant taxonomy in China
Authors: Ma Jinshuang , Barringer Kerry 
Published: May 2010

AbstractHsen‐Hsu Hu (1894–1968), an influential Chinese scientist, was the founder of modern plant taxonomy in China. His career and later status have never been fully reported outside China, even though he passed away more than thirty‐seven years ago. This memorial paper describes his life, his major botanical contributions, and his turbulent final years.
Phylogeny of the tribe Cinchoneae (Rubiaceae), its position in Cinchonoideae, and description of a new genus, Ciliosemina
Authors: Andersson Lennart , Antonelli Alexandre 
Published: May 2010

AbstractRelationships of and within the Rubiaceae tribe Cinchoneae were estimated based on DNA sequence variation in five loci: the ITS region, the matK and rbcL genes, the rps16 intron, and the trnL-F region including the trnL intron and the trnL-F intergenic spacer. Within Cinchonoideae s.s., the tribe Naucleeae is the sister group of a clade that comprises all other taxa. Cinchoneae and Isertieae s.s., are strongly supported as sister groups. The tribe Cinchoneae is strongly supported as monophyletic in a restricted sense, including the genera Cinchona, Cinchonopsis, Joosia, Ladenbergia, Remijia and Stilpnophyllum. There is strong support that these genera are monophyletic as presently conceived, except that one species mostly referred to Remijia is of uncertain phylogenetic affinity. To accommodate this species and a morphologically closely similar one, a new genus, Ciliosemina A. Antonelli, is proposed and two new combinations are made.
Phylogenetic analysis and generic limits of the tribe Pomaderreae (Rhamnaceae) using internal transcribed spacer DNA sequences
Authors: Kellermann Jürgen , Udovicic Frank , Ladiges Pauline Y. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractThe tribe Pomaderreae (Rhamnaceae) currently consists of approximately 180 species in seven genera, endemic to Australia and New Zealand. It is the second largest tribe of Rhamnaceae. We undertook a phylogenetic analysis using internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequence data from 69 representative species of Pomaderreae and five outgroup taxa. The monophyly of Pomaderreae was confirmed. The clades found in the strict consensus tree are mostly consistent with the currently accepted genera of the tribe. All major clades, except Stenanthemum, received moderate to strong bootstrap and jackknife support. Only the relationship between Siegfriedia and Pomaderris received strong support; relationships between other genera did not receive support above 50%. Taxonomic changes are suggested and a preliminary classification of Pomaderreae is proposed, including the monophyletic genera Cryptandra, Pomaderris, Spyridium and Trymalium. Blackallia and Siegfriedia are monotypic. Two new genera are required: one containing two atypical species of Stenanthemum and the second genus consisting of previously unrelated species from three genera that share a 2‐carpellate ovary and a characteristic indumentum. The taxonomic status of Stenanthemum requires further examination. A split of Cryptandra into smaller genera is not supported.
Systematic position of the genera Serratula and Klasea within Centaureinae (Cardueae, Asteraceae) inferred from ETS and ITS sequence data and new combinations in Klasea
Authors: Martins Ludwig , Hellwig Frank H. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractThe systematic positions of the genera Serratula and Klasea were investigated on the basis of nuclear ribosomal DNA internal and external transcribed spacer sequences. Klasea comprises the major part of the species traditionally placed in Serratula. Serratula is part of a clade containing the more derived genera of Centaureinae, whereas Klasea is a basal segregate within the subtribe, possibly sister to the Rhaponticum group. Nikitinia, a monotypic genus whose affinities were supposed by some authors in Carduinae, by others in Centaureinae, clearly belongs to Klasea and is sunk into synonymy of the latter. A total of six new combinations are made in Klasea.
On resurrection of the families Pseudoleskeaceae Schimp. and Pylaisiaceae Schimp. (Musci, Hypnales)
Authors: Gardiner Anastasia , Ignatov Michael , Huttunen Sanna , Troitsky Alexey 
Published: May 2010

AbstractResults from our analysis of chloroplast trnL‐trnF and nuclear ITS1 and ITS2 sequence data and 35 morphological characters for 134 taxa of pleurocarpous mosses provide an evidence for resurrecting two moss families, Pseudoleskeaceae and Pylaisiaceae. Both these families were described by Schimper in 1860, but soon afterwards included in Leskeaceae and Hypnaceae, respectively, and apparently never used in the 20th century. However, sequence‐level data analysis (chloroplast encoded trnL intron and trnL‐trnF spacer, nuclear encoded ITS1 & ITS2), and combined molecular and morphological analysis demonstrate the remote position of (1) the Lescuraea‐group from the main part of Leskeaceae; and (2) a group of species belonging to Pylaisia, Homomallium and Hypnum (sections others than sect. Hypnum) from Hypnum sect. Hypnum (with H. cupressiforme as the type of the genus).
Are Mylia and Trabacellula (Hepaticae) related? Unsuspected links revealed by cell wall morphology, with the transfer of Mylia anomala to a new genus (Leiomylia J.J. Engel & Braggins) of Jungermanniaceae
Authors: Engel John J. , Braggins John E. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractScanning electron micrographs reveal a striking similarity of cell wall characters among Mylia taylorii, M. verrucosa, M. nuda and Trabacellula tumidula. All of these taxa have the presence of irregularly shaped strips and plates of smooth wall material, each separated by grids that interconnect the plates and strips. These species all also share the presence of well‐formed perforations positioned over the middle lamella between the walls of adjacent cells. The grids and perforations are discussed and illustrated with SEM images. The studies of the leaf surfaces of Trabacellula and Mylia reveal closer taxonomic affinities of the two genera than heretofore thought, and an alternative classification and a realignment of these genera to reflect this affinity is suggested. Mylia is recognized in an independent family, Myliaceae (Grolle) Schljakov. The study also reveals that Mylia anomala is best retained in Jungermanniaceae, as a new genus, Leiomylia, and placed in its own subfamily within Jungermanniaceae, Leiomylioideae. It is suggested that Trabacellula is appropriately placed in a separate and distinct family, Trabacellulaceae Fulford. Based upon the linkage of surface features and other similarities, the two families are placed in a new suborder, Subord. Myliineae.
The Malagasy endemic Dendroportulaca (Portulacaceae) is referable to Deeringia (Amaranthaceae): molecular and morphological evidence
Authors: Applequist Wendy L. , Pratt Donald B. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractDendroportulaca mirabilis U. Eggli, a Malagasy liana described as an atypical member of Portulacaceae, was shown by ndhF sequence data to be placed within Amaranthaceae tribe Celosieae, strongly supported as sister to Deeringia polysperma. A re‐evaluation of the morphology of Dendroportulaca, including field observations, also supported its placement within Celosieae and in particular its relationship to the existing Malagasy species of Deeringia. Dendroportulaca mirabilis is herein transferred to Deeringia.
Evolution of dimery, pentamery and the monocarpellary condition in the monocot family Stemonaceae (Pandanales)
Authors: Rudall Paula J. , Cunniff Jennifer , Wilkin Paul , Caddick Lizabeth R. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractOutstanding questions on floral structure in the small family Stemonaceae (Pandanales) include whether the gynoecium is monocarpellary, whether they possess floral nectaries, and how dimery and pentamery evolved in the family. To help resolve these issues we present new data on comparative floral anatomy in three genera of Stemonaceae in the context of a revised phylogenetic analysis using a "total evidence" approach with combined data from three genes (plastid rbcL, atpB and nuclear 18S rDNA) plus morphology. The monocarpellary condition is a synapomorphy for a clade comprising Croomia, Stemona and Stichoneuron, and the unilocular tricarpellary condition is an autapomorphy for Pentastemona. Nectaries are absent, but the densely papillate tepals may function as osmophores, especially in Croomia and Stichnoneuron. The hypothesis that the pentamerous condition in Pentastemona evolved as a result of suppression of an outer tepal and stamen, and thus represents an intermediate stage between trimery and dimery, is not contradicted by its phylogenetic placement as sister to other Stemonaceae, which are dimerous. However, since pentamery also occurs sporadically in the closely related family Triuridaceae, and dimery (and/or tetramery) occur in other Pandanales, this indicates that merism is relatively labile within the order, and that dimery and pentamery have both evolved separately and iteratively from a trimerous condition.
Vicariance and dispersal in the alpine perennial Bupleurum stellatum L. (Apiaceae)
Authors: Schönswetter Peter , Tribsch Andreas 
Published: May 2010

AbstractUsing Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism (AFLP), we explored the intraspecific phylogeography of the alpine vascular plant Bupleurum stellatum (Apiaceae), disjunctly distributed in the Alps and Corsica. Within the Alps, the species' distribution area is also not contiguous, spatially isolated groups of populations occuring in the Dolomites (Italy) and the Montafon (Austria). A main goal of our study was to explore the degree of differentiation of the isolated populations in Corsica, the Dolomites and the Montafon from the populations in the main distributional area and to test for hypotheses of vicariance or dispersal. We also sought a better general knowledge of glacial refugia of low alpine silicicolous plants. Phenetic as well as cladistic analyses of the AFLP multilocus phenotypes reveal a substantial north‐south split through the contiguous distribution area of B. stellatum in the Alps. The resulting phylogeographic groups can be related to glacial refugia in peripheral areas of the Alps that were recognised in previous studies. The disjunct populations in Corsica, the Dolomites and the Montafon, however, are less strongly differentiated. For example, the Corsican population clustered with high bootstrap support with populations from the Eastern Alps, suggesting immigration to Corsica from that region. Our study shows that deep phylogeographic splits resulting from old vicariance events can be concealed by presently contiguous distribution areas. In contrast, disjunctions, if they are due to dispersal events, need not be accompanied by genetic divergence.
Gamochaeta serpyllifolia Wedd. (Compositae: Gnaphalieae), the correct name for Gamochaeta munnozii Cabrera
Authors: Pruski John F. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractGamochaeta munnozii Cabrera was proposed as a new name for South American Gnaphalium serpyllifolium Remy (1849), non Bergius (1767). Weddell (1855), however, had proposed Gamochaeta serpyllifolia and included Gnaphalium serpyllifolium Remy in synonymy. Thus, Gamochaeta serpyllifolia is the correct name for this taxon. A lectotype is chosen for Gnaphalium serpyllifolium Remy.
The confusing identity of Agave wislizeni (Agavaceae)
Authors: Villarreal José A. , Estrada Eduardo , Starr Greg , de la Rosa Manuel 
Published: May 2010

AbstractThe use of the name Agave wislizeni Engelm. is controversial. There is uncertainty about the type locality, the original description is vague, and the illustrations and specimens that have been associated with this name have only added further to the confusion. According to the description and possible type localities, A. wislizeni could be confused with what is now known as A. parryi Engelm., A. parrasana A. Berger or A. ovatifolia Starr & Villarreal. However, because A. wislizeni was originally proposed as a substitute name for A. scabra Salm‐Dyck, its identity can be resolved as a synonym of A. asperrima Jacobi.
Validation of Rhododendron huadingense (Ericaceae), the name of a species endemic to China
Authors: Ding Bing-Yang , Jin Xiao-Feng 
Published: May 2010

AbstractWhile preparing a revision of Rhododendron subgen. Tsutsusi (Ericaceae), we found that Rhododendron huadingense B. Y. Ding & Y. Y. Fang, described from Zhejiang Province in 1990, was not a validly published name because two collections were designated as the type. The name is validated here, with the flowering specimen designated as the holotype.
Validation and neotypification of Paeonia rockii subsp. linyanshanii (Paeoniaceae)
Authors: Zhu Xiangyun , Hong Tao 
Published: May 2010

Abstract“Paeonia rockii subsp. linyanshanii T. Hong & G. L. Osti” was not validly published in 1994 because it was assigned to “Paeonia rockii (S. G. Haw & L. A. Lauener) T. Hong & J. J. Li”, which was not then a validly published name. Although the species name was validated in 1998 as Paeonia rockii (S. G. Haw & L. A. Lauener) T. Hong & J. J. Li ex D. Y. Hong, P. rockii subsp. linyanshanii has still not been validly published, although P. suffruticosa var. linyanshanii J. J. Halda was validly published in 1997. P. rockii subsp. linyanshanii is validated here, based on Handa’s varietal name, and, because the holotype was not preserved, a neo‐type is designated.
Ecological differentiation of Mediterranean endemic plants
Authors: Thompson John D. , Lavergne Sébastien , Affre Laurence , Gaudeul Myriam , Debussche Max 
Published: May 2010

AbstractA striking feature of the Mediterranean flora concerns the high rates of narrow endemism within many regions. The prevailing paradigm for the evolution of such endemism relies on an important role of geographic isolation and allopatric speciation. Until recently there has been little work on the precise ecological differences among endemic plants and their congeners in the Mediterranean region and the potential role of ecological specialisation in isolation and speciation. This paper has two objectives. First, we evaluate general ecological differences among endemic and widespread congeners in the flora of the western Mediterranean. The results and review of the literature attest to consistent patterns of ecological differentiation among endemic species and their more widespread congeners. Second, we present results of a detailed study of morphological, molecular and ecological differentiation in a group of spring‐flowering MediterraneanCyclamenspecies. This study illustrates how differentiation in geographically peripheral and ecologically marginal populations may contribute to the diversification of endemic species whose contemporary distributions are disjunct from con‐generic species.