bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Research trends in deep learning and machine learning for cloud computing security
Authors: Alzoubi Yehia Ibrahim , Mishra Alok , Topcu Ahmet Ercan 
Published: May 2024

AbstractDeep learning and machine learning show effectiveness in identifying and addressing cloud security threats. Despite the large number of articles published in this field, there remains a dearth of comprehensive reviews that synthesize the techniques, trends, and challenges of using deep learning and machine learning for cloud computing security. Accordingly, this paper aims to provide the most updated statistics on the development and research in cloud computing security utilizing deep learning and machine learning. Up to the middle of December 2023, 4051 publications were identified after we searched the Scopus database. This paper highlights key trend solutions for cloud computing security utilizing machine learning and deep learning, such as anomaly detection, security automation, and emerging technology's role. However, challenges such as data privacy, scalability, and explainability, among others, are also identified as challenges of using machine learning and deep learning for cloud security. The findings of this paper reveal that deep learning and machine learning for cloud computing security are emerging research areas. Future research directions may include addressing these challenges when utilizing machine learning and deep learning for cloud security. Additionally, exploring the development of algorithms and techniques that comply with relevant laws and regulations is essential for effective implementation in this domain.
Empirical models for Fourier amplitude spectrum of ground-motion calibrated on data from the Iranian plateau
Authors: Davatgari-Tafreshi Mehran , Pezeshk Shahram , Bora Sanjay Singh 
Published: May 2024

AbstractGround-motion models (GMMs) are frequently used in engineering seismology to estimate ground motion intensities. The majority of GMMs predict the response spectral ordinates (such as spectral acceleration) of a single-degree-of-freedom oscillator because of their common application in engineering design practices. Response spectra show how an idealized structure reacts to applied ground motion; however, they do not necessarily represent the physics of ground motion. The functional forms of the response spectra GMMs are built around ideas taken from the Fourier spectral concept. Assuming the validity of Fourier spectral concepts in the response spectral domain could cause physically inexplainable effects. In this study, using a mixed-effects regression technique, we introduce four models capable of predicting the Fourier amplitude spectrum that investigates the impact of incorporating random-effect event and station terms and variations in using a mixed-effects regression technique in one or two steps using truncated dataset or all data (nontruncated dataset). All data consists of 2581 three-component strong ground motion data resulting from 424 events with magnitude ranging from 4.0 up to 7.4, from 1976 to 2020, and 706 stations. The truncated dataset’s records, events, and stations are reduced to 2071, 408, and 636, respectively. As part of this study, we develop GMMs to predict the Fourier amplitude spectrum for the Iranian plateau within the frequency range of 0.3–30 Hz. We adopted simple, functional forms for four models, and we included a limited number of predictors, namely Mw (moment magnitude), Rjb (Joyner–Boore distance), and VS30 (time-averaged shear-wave velocity in the top 30 m). Due to statistical analyses, the style-of-faulting term was excluded from the final functional forms. The robustness of the derived models is indicated by unbiased residual variation with predictor variables.
A novel intrusion detection system based on a hybrid quantum support vector machine and improved Grey Wolf optimizer
Authors: Elsedimy E. I. , Elhadidy Hala , Abohashish Sara M. M. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe Internet of Things (IoT) has grown significantly in recent years, allowing devices with sensors to share data via the internet. Despite the growing popularity of IoT devices, they remain vulnerable to cyber-attacks. To address this issue, researchers have proposed the Hybrid Intrusion Detection System (HIDS) as a way to enhance the security of IoT. This paper presents a novel intrusion detection model, namely QSVM-IGWO, for improving the detection capabilities and reducing false positive alarms of HIDS. This model aims to improve the performance of the Quantum Support Vector Machine (QSVM) by incorporating parameters from the Improved Grey Wolf Optimizer (IGWO) algorithm. IGWO is introduced under the hypothesis that the social hierarchy observed in grey wolves enhances the searching procedure and overcomes the limitations of GWO. In addition, the QSVM model is employed for binary classification by selecting the kernel function to obtain an optimal solution. Experimental results show promising performance of QSVM-IGWO in terms of accuracy, Recall, Precision, F1 score, and ROC curve, when compared with recent detection models.
Optimal $$(r,\delta )$$-LRCs from monomial-Cartesian codes and their subfield-subcodes
Authors: Galindo C. , Hernando F. , Martín-Cruz H. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractWe study monomial-Cartesian codes (MCCs) which can be regarded as $$(r,\delta )$$

(
r
,
δ
)

-locally recoverable codes (LRCs). These codes come with a natural bound for their minimum distance and we determine those giving rise to $$(r,\delta )$$

(
r
,
δ
)

-optimal LRCs for that distance, which are in fact $$(r,\delta )$$

(
r
,
δ
)

-optimal. A large subfamily of MCCs admits subfield-subcodes with the same parameters of certain optimal MCCs but over smaller supporting fields. This fact allows us to determine infinitely many sets of new $$(r,\delta )$$

(
r
,
δ
)

-optimal LRCs and their parameters.
Pregnant women at risk for iodine deficiency but adequate iodine intake in school-aged children of Zhejiang Province, China
Authors: Zheng Canjie , Yin Zhiying , Zhan Bingdong , Xu Wenjie , Ma Zheng Feei 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe median urinary iodine concentration (UIC) of school-aged children has been commonly used as a surrogate to assess iodine status of a population including pregnant women. However, pregnant women have higher iodine requirements than children due to increased production of thyroid hormones. The aim of the study was to evaluate the iodine status of pregnant women and children as well as their household salt iodine concentration (SIC) in Quzhou, Zhejiang Province, China. Eligible pregnant women and children from all six counties of Quzhou in 2021 were recruited into the study. They were asked to complete a socio-demographic questionnaire and provide both a spot urine and a household table salt sample for the determination of UIC and SIC. A total of 629 pregnant women (mean age and gestation weeks of 29.6 years and 21.6 weeks, respectively) and 1273 school-aged children (mean age of 9 years and 49.8% of them were females) were included in the study. The overall median UIC of pregnant women and children in our sample was 127 (82, 193) μg/L and 222 (147, 327) μg/L, respectively, indicating sufficient iodine status in children but a risk of mild-to-moderate iodine deficiency in pregnant women. Distribution of iodine nutrition in children varied significantly according to their sex and age (P < 0.05). The rate of adequately household iodised salt samples (18–33 mg/kg) provided by pregnant women and children was 92.4% and 90.6%, respectively. In conclusion, our results indicated a risk of insufficient iodine status in pregnant population of China, but iodine sufficiency in school-aged children. Our data also suggested that median UIC of children may not be used as a surrogate to assess iodine status in pregnant women.
Replacement of soy by mealworms for livestock feed - A comparative review between soy and mealworms considering environmental aspects
Authors: Siddiqui Shahida Anusha , Elsheikh Wadah , Ucak İlknur , Hasan Muzaffar , Perlita Zerlina Cleantha , Yudhistira Bara 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe urgent need for sustainable alternatives to conventional livestock feed has prompted research into novel protein sources. This review paper systematically evaluates the prospect of replacing soy with mealworms in livestock feed, focusing on comprehensive comparisons of nutritional content and environmental considerations. The nutritional profiles of soy and mealworms are analyzed in terms of amino acid composition and digestibility. The total essential amino acids in mealworms are 26.02 g/100 g while in mealworms total EAA is 31.49 g/100 g. The protein content in mealworm is high (51.93 g/100 g) in comparison to soy meal (44.51 g/100 g). Environmental aspects, including deforestation, pesticide use, water consumption, land use, and greenhouse gas emissions, are scrutinized for both soy cultivation and mealworm farming.One kg of mealworm meal yields 141.3 MJ energy use, 3.8 kg CO2 equivalent for climate change, 25.6 g SO2 equivalent for acidification, 15.0 g PO4 equivalent for eutrophication, and 4.1 m2 land use. It's more potent per kg of protein than soybean or fish meal. Feasibility, scalability, and economic considerations are explored to understand the practical implications for livestock farmers. Consumer perception and regulatory frameworks are also addressed, highlighting potential challenges and strategies for acceptance. The paper concludes by synthesizing key findings and offering recommendations for stakeholders interested in the sustainable integration of mealworms into mainstream livestock agriculture. This comparative review provides a holistic understanding of the potential environmental benefits and challenges associated with replacing soy with mealworms in livestock feed.
Graphical abstract
Green hydrogen as a source of renewable energy: a step towards sustainability, an overview
Authors: Reda Bassma , Elzamar Amr A. , AlFazzani Shehab , Ezzat Shahira M. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractHydrogen has emerged as a promising energy source for a cleaner and more sustainable future due to its clean-burning nature, versatility, and high energy content. Moreover, hydrogen is an energy carrier with the potential to replace fossil fuels as the primary source of energy in various industries. In this review article, we explore the potential of hydrogen as a part of the global energy mix and the current state of its development. The majority of hydrogen production currently occurs through steam methane reforming, which produces significant greenhouse gas emissions and limits the potential of hydrogen as a clean energy source. Significant investment and advancements in renewable hydrogen production through electrolysis are necessary to overcome this limitation. There is also a growing demand for hydrogen infrastructure, including hydrogen refueling stations and storage and transportation systems, which are crucial for the growth and success of the hydrogen industry. The future of hydrogen as a part of the global energy mix will depend on continued investment and commitment to develop and commercialize this promising energy source. Our review also explores the relationship between eco-industrial parks and hydrogen production, including the benefits and challenges of hydrogen production in EIPs and the various technologies being developed to facilitate this process.
The Knowledge of Autism Questionnaire-UK: Development and Initial Psychometric Evaluation
Authors: Langhorne Sophie , Uglik-Marucha Nora , Broadhurst Charlotte , Lieven Elena , Pearson Amelia , Vitoratou Silia , Leadbitter Kathy 
Published: May 2024

AbstractTools to measure autism knowledge are needed to assess levels of understanding within particular groups of people and to evaluate whether awareness-raising campaigns or interventions lead to improvements in understanding. Several such measures are in circulation, but, to our knowledge, there are no psychometrically-validated questionnaires that assess contemporary autism knowledge suitable to the UK context. We aimed to produce a brief measure to assess between-respondent variability and within-respondent change over time. A pool of questionnaire items was developed and refined through a multi-stage iterative process involving autism experts and a lay sample. Attention was paid to face validity, clarity, consensus on correct responses, and appropriate difficulty levels. Initial validation data was obtained from a lay sample of 201 people. Difficulty and discrimination ability were assessed using item response theory and low-performing items were removed. Dimensionality was evaluated with exploratory factor analysis, which revealed a one-factor structure of the questionnaire. Further items were removed where they did not load strongly on their main factor. This process resulted in a final 14-item questionnaire called the Knowledge of Autism Questionnaire-UK. Internal consistency was satisfactory, and the final questionnaire was able to distinguish between parents of autistic people and those without an affiliation to autism. The KAQ-UK is a new, freely-available measure of autism knowledge that could be used to assess between-respondent variability and within-respondent change over time. Further evaluation and validation of its measurement properties are required.
Valorization of aplite in alkali-activated materials
Authors: Tsaousi Georgia-Maria , Flesoura Georgia , Panias Dimitrios 
Published: May 2024

AbstractGeopolymers belong to the broad family of alkali-activated materials that are considered to have much smaller carbon dioxide (CO2) footprint than traditional Portland cements. A wide range of metallurgical wastes are utilized as silicious sources to produce geopolymer components with a prospect of numerous applications in the construction field. At the same time, efforts have been also made to the valorization of aplite rock, which is found to be abundant in Finnvolldalen of Norway and consists mainly of quartz and alkali feldspar, resembling the composition of Na-rich pozzolans. In this framework, the current study focuses on the synthesis of inorganic polymers made of aplite and metakaolin as precursors. In addition, the production of synthetic Na-waterglass is also tested as candidate soluble silica donor in geopolymer systems, through the hydrothermal treatment of aplite. The obtained results confirm that inorganic polymers produced by hydrothermally treated aplite (HTA) and metakaolin (MK) lead to materials with enhanced compressive strength values compared to specimens produced by untreated aplite and MK. At the same time, sodium silicate solution from aplite and commercially available waterglass present similar properties, indicating that aplite can be used as alternative raw material in the production of sodium silicates.
Validation and Measurement Invariance of the German and Spanish Gender Bias Scale for Women Leaders
Authors: Algner Mona , Fay Doris , Lorenz Timo 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Gender bias still appears to contribute significantly to the gender disparity observed in upper leadership positions. The present study presents the translation, modification, and validation of the Gender Bias Scale for Women Leaders (GBSWL, Diehl et al., 2020) into German and Spanish. Using data from four samples of full-time employed women from Germany and Spain with and without leadership responsibility (N = 870), we conducted confirmatory factor analyses to establish factorial validity, tested measurement invariance across the different job levels and countries, and tested construct validity. Our results indicate that the original factor structure does not hold in Germany and Spain. Therefore, utilizing the German leader sample as a construction sample, we modified the factor structure and validated the modified version using the remaining three samples. The modified version demonstrated good model fit, had metric measurement invariance across all samples, and resulted in a correlational pattern consistent with theory and the original study. Overall, results suggest that the German and Spanish versions of the GBSWL are reliable and valid instruments that scholars and practitioners can use to advance theory, research, and human resource practice in Germany and Spain.
Ciprofloxacin Metal Complexes–Silica Nanoparticles: Characterization, Spectroscopic Study, DNA Interaction and Biological Activity
Authors: Abd El-Zahir Mustafa S. , Saleh Sayed M. , ElKady Hamdy A. , Orabi Adel S. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractCiprofloxacin (CIPH) was classified as one of the most effective quinolone antibiotics, which is commonly used to cure a wide range of infections resulting from Gram-negative and Gram-positive microorganisms. The complexes which formed due to the interaction of Ni(II), Zn(II), Cu(II), Gd(III) and Sm(III) with ciprofloxacin were characterized by CHN% analysis, conductivity, FTIR, electronic spectra, fluorescence measurements, and magnetic susceptibility, besides studying the complex–DNA interaction. Meanwhile, the molar conductance values (0.001 mol·L−1 in DMSO) revealed the electrolytic behavior of the complexes and could be designated with the A−B+ formula. In addition, the geometry of the compounds was confirmed from the electronic transitions as well as the μeff values as octahedral for all complexes. The postulated formula could be generally assigned as [M(CIP)a(CIPH)b(H2O)c](NO3)(H2O)n(C2H5OH)m. Moreover, the interaction between metal complexes and DNA revealed that the Cu complex had the highest binding constant. Nanotechnology was applied to synthesized compounds using silica nanoparticles (SiNPs), which were prepared using a sol–gel process. The silica nanoparticles were chemically functionalized for binding the ligand and its metal complexes; this enables the as-prepared compounds to enhance their features as a drug delivery platform. Meanwhile, the antimicrobial activity was tested for the free complexes and SiNPs composites. Collectively, Sm complex gave the largest zone of inhibition, while the Cu(II)–SiNPs composite showed the strongest potential to reduce the bacterial activity. Furthermore, the fluorescence data of CIPH, ligand–metal mixture and the effect of silica nanoparticles on them were studied.
Differential scanning calorimetric evaluation of the human plasma in patients using cilostazol for the treatment of intermittent claudication (a preliminary study)
Authors: Benkő László , Fazekas Gábor , Szabó Dorottya , Lőrinczy Dénes 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis preliminary study employs differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) to assess alterations in human plasma composition in patients treated with cilostazol for intermittent claudication. Cilostazol, an antiplatelet and vasodilator agent, is commonly prescribed to moderate symptom associated with PAD caused by reduced peripheral blood flow. Patients selected according to study protocol were treated with cilostazol for a duration of three months. At the visits, subjects exercised by a standard walking test controlled by physiotherapist. The blood samples were taken on day 0 (control), day 15, 1, 2 and 3 months. Through DSC analysis, we investigate potential thermodynamic changes in plasma composition induced by cilostazol treatment. As a result of the treatment, the pain-free walking distance improved significantly in the first 3 months. The thermal unfolding of the human plasma showed a correlation with the walking improvement. Our findings provide insights into the systemic effects of cilostazol and its impact on plasma constituents in the context of PAD and intermittent claudication management.
Case study on thermal management of planar elements with various polymeric heat exchangers: experiment and simulation
Authors: Hvozda Jiri , Mraz Krystof , Raudensky Miroslav , Vakhrushev Alexander , Karimi-Sibaki Ebrahim , Bohacek Jan 
Published: May 2024

AbstractA reliable battery thermal management system (BTMS) is essential to ensure proper performance, a long life span and high electric vehicle safety. The primary objective of BTMS is to maintain the cells’ temperature in the range of 15–35 °C while limiting the temperature spread between cells to below 5 °C. Active thermal management with polymeric hollow fibers (PHFs) has been reported in a few articles, but its tremendous flexibility is mainly advantageous for cylindrical cells. Extruded polymeric cold plate heat exchangers with rounded rectangle channels (RRCs) are proposed as a more elegant solution for planar batteries. Heat exchangers using PHFs and RRCs were experimentally compared, with a strong focus on minimizing the maximum temperature and temperature spread of the experimental setup while simultaneously achieving minimal pressure drops. The system behavior with different parameters, including materials, geometry and thermophysical properties, was further studied using properly validated CFD models.
Virtuelle Metamorphosen - Zur Subversion der Selbstoptimierung in Kevin Kuhns Roman Hikikomori
Authors: Resch Stephan 
Published: May 2024

AbstractKevin Kuhn’s novel Hikikomori is a postmodern Entwicklungsroman. In this essay, I read the novel as a subversion of the neoliberal paradigm, which manifests itself in an omnipresence of self-optimisation options, that the protagonist Till is constantly encouraged to take advantage of. By withdrawing into his room and creating a collaborative online world, Till rejects the cult of individuality modelled by his plastic surgeon father and his interior designer mother. Rather than going on a scheduled journey of self-enhancement around the world, I will argue that it is his virtual journey that attempts self-realisation. However, this rejection of a Weltanschauung based on economic principles comes at the price of exclusion from the analogue world, which bears many parallels with one of the most famous 20th century German language novellas: Franz Kafka’s Die Verwandlung.
Analysis of control impact on the HIV reproductive cycle in a cross infection epidemic model
Authors: Di Giamberardino Paolo , Iacoviello Daniela 
Published: May 2024

AbstractDespite the great advances in HIV treatment, there are still several processes in the dynamics of the infection that are not yet fully understood. Some evidences show that when the therapy HAART is suspended, infection resumes, suggesting the existence of virus reservoirs; these have been identified in the lungs, brain and guts. In this paper, following the compartmental approach, a recently proposed model is addressed, considering in particular the brain as virus reservoir and distinguishing the cells depending on whether they are inside or outside the brain, both infected and non infected. Controls mimicking the drug action are introduced and the model is analysed in terms of equilibrium points and stability, also determining the reproduction number. Numerical results are used to put in evidence the main dynamics characteristics.