bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cerebral venous thrombosis at high altitude: more severe symptoms and specific predisposing factors than plain areas
Authors: Sha Yuhui , Zhang Junyi , Ci Yang , zhuoga Cidan , Zhao Yuhua , Zhou Lixin , Ni Jun 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background
Exposure to high-altitude environment is a risk factor of cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) probably due to the hypercoagulability. The study aims to explore the unique characteristics of CVT patients in high-altitude areas of China by comparing them with CVT patients in plain areas.
Methods
We retrospectively included consecutive patients with CVT admitted to Tibet Autonomous Region People’s Hospital (altitude 3650m) and Peking Union Medical College Hospital (altitude 43.5m) between January 2015 and December 2023.The risk factors, clinical and radiological presentations, treatment, and outcomes were analyzed and compared between two groups.
Results
A total of 169 patients with CVT were included in the study, 48 patients from plateau and 121 patients from plain. The median age was 27 and 34 years old, and women accounted for 66.7% and 54.5% respectively. Headache (91.7% vs. 71.1%, P = 0.004), altered consciousness (31.3% vs. 16.5%, P = 0.033), hemorrhage (41.7% vs. 19.0%, P = 0.002) and venous infarction (50.0% vs. 25.6%, P = 0.002) on imaging were more common in patients from plateau than those from plain. Pregnancy or puerperium was significantly more common in highland patients (25% vs. 5.8%, P < 0.001). The levels of D-Dimer (1.7 vs. 0.8mg/L FEU, P = 0.01), Fbg (3.7 vs. 3.0g/L, P < 0.001), HGB (157 vs. 129g/L, P = 0.01), WBC (9.6 vs. 7.5*1012/L, P < 0.001) and C-reactive protein (20.2 vs. 3.2 mg/L, P = 0.005) were remarkably higher in highland patients. The percentage of receiving anticoagulant therapy was lower in high-altitude patients (70.8% vs. 93.4%, P < 0.001). Favorable outcome at follow-up was observed in 81.4% of highland patients and 90.7% of lowland patients, with the median follow-up time of 330 days and 703 days respectively.
Conclusions
The more severe clinical and imaging manifestations along with prominent inflammatory and hypercoagulable state were observed in plateau CVT patients, probably due to exposure to the hypoxic environment at high altitude. Pregnancy or puerperium were more common in highland patients. The overall prognosis of CVT patients from both groups were favorable.
The structure of a class of commutative ordered semirings
Authors: Zong Wenwen , Su Yong , Liu Hua-Wen 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

In this paper, we focus on the structure of a class of commutative ordered semirings and show that, in such semirings, additionmust be a uninrom locally internal on A(e). This result with Theorems5, 10 and 11 in [11] gives a characterization of the structure of suchsemirings.
Mathematics Subject Classification (2010). Primary 39B22, 03B52.
Association between serum chloride levels and estimated glomerular filtration rate among US adults: evidence from NHANES 1999 - 2018
Authors: Zhao Peipei , Li Yiping , Fei Zhewei , Gu Leyi , Han Baosan , Ye Ping , Dai Huili 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Purpose
Chloride, the predominant anion in extracellular fluid from humans, is essential to maintaining homeostasis. One important metric for thoroughly assessing kidney function is the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). However, the relationship between variations in serum chloride concentration and eGFR in general populations has been poorly studied. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to elucidate the correlation between plasma chloride levels and eGFR within the United States’ adult population.
Methods
This cohort study was conducted using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), which covered the years 1999 to 2018. We employed multiple linear regression analysis and subgroup analysis to evaluate the correlation between serum chloride concentration and eGFR. To examine the nonlinear association between serum chloride levels and eGFR, restricted cubic spline analyses were employed.
Results
Data from 49,008 participants in this cohort study were used for the chloride analysis. In the comprehensively adjusted model, a noteworthy inverse relationship was discovered between chloride plasma concentration and eGFR. Restricted cubic spline analyses revealed a significant nonlinear relationship between chloride levels and eGFR (P for overall < 0.001 and P for nonlinear < 0.001). A significant interaction was observed between eGFR and plasma chloride concentration (all P < 0.001 for interaction) among the subgroups characterized by sex, household income to poverty ratio, BMI, hypertension, and diabetes.
Conclusion
Our findings suggest that higher levels of chloride plasma concentration were linked to decreased eGFR. These findings underscore the significance of monitoring chloride plasma concentration as a potential indicator for identifying individuals at risk of developing chronic kidney disease (CKD).
Perceptions of family planning among married women aged 18 to 49 years and healthcare providers in Raipur, India: A qualitative study
Authors: Dash Nistha Rutam , Pal Anjali , Santra Archismita 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background:
India surpassed China in becoming the World’s most populous country. Family Planning(FP) is in important aspect of controlling population. Although many programmes have been implemented to promote FP, it remains a public health problem because beliefs, attitudes and practices affect acceptance of FP methods. This study aims to explore the factors affecting unmet need for FP by using qualitative study method.
Methods:
This study was conducted in Urban Field Practice Area (UFPA) of All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Raipur during February 2022 to August 2022. Four Focussed Group Discussion(FGDs) among married women aged 18–49 years, one FDG among ASHAs, two In-depth Interviews(IDIs) with RMA and SN were conducted respectively. The participants were selected purposively and interviewed using open-ended topic guides. Thematic analysis was done for the detailed notes taken during the interviews.
Results:
Factors facilitating contraceptive usage were ASHAs delivering contraceptives, adequate contraceptive stock, provider’s counselling, husband’s positive attitude, woman’s education. Potential barriers to contraceptive usage were lack of compliance, lack of autonomy, husband’s and familial perception about terminal methods like vasectomy, perceived side-effects, myths, disbelief in government system, unpleasant attitude of healthcare workers(HCW), disruption of contraceptive services including sterilization during Covid-19 pandemic. Scope of improvement suggested by the participants were need for more contraceptive information, individualized contraceptive advice, family counselling, community re-enforcement, improve counselling sessions.
Conclusion:
The majority of women desired to have a small family and but they could not appreciate the need for FP. The barriers related to socio-cultural believes, contraceptive myths (especially vasectomy) and healthcare system needs special attention. Resource management, family’s counselling, tailor made contraceptive advice and proper counselling sessions could improve contraceptive uptake.
System for wireless power transfer to rotating objects with stable power transmission based on parity- time symmetry
Authors: Ishida Hiroki , Akatsu Yasuhito , Kyoden Tomoaki , Furukawa Hiroto 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

We propose a system for wireless power transfer to a rotating object using solenoid coils based on parity-time symmetry (PTS). Solenoid coils are ideal for wireless power transfer in confined spaces (e.g., they can be attached to the mechanical joints of robotic arms). Under PTS, the theorical transmission power and efficiency remain constant even when the magnetic coupling coefficient (km) changes. However, to preserve PTS, km values must be above the critical magnetic coupling coefficient (kmc) value. We conducted simulations and experiments to analyze the relationship between the rotation angle and km. Based on the results, we identified a coil arrangement for which km does not fall below kmc at any rotation angle. We maintained a transmission power of 20 W and a transmission efficiency of 80% during fast rotation with an angular velocity of 2.6 rad/s using a pair of small solenoid coils arranged with a gap of 33 mm between them.
Assessment of the urban pollution island intensity in Rome (Italy) from in-situ PM measurements
Authors: Bernardino Annalisa Di , Erriu Margherita , Argentini Stefania , Campanelli Monica , Casasanta Giampietro , Cecilia Andrea , Falasca Serena , Siani Anna Maria 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

The Urban Pollution Island (UPI), describing the temporal and spatial distribution of pollutants’ concentration attributed to the presence of urban features and activities, is one of the major problems affecting urban areas and has become more severe with rapid urbanization. To correctly evaluate the UPI Intensity (UPII), i.e., the difference in pollution concentration between the urban agglomeration and its rural surroundings, it is crucial to carefully select rural and, above all, urban reference stations, as local factors such as orography, location of the air quality monitoring stations, and street orientation can significantly impact UPII values. In this work, the UPII in Rome (Italy) is determined using daily-averaged concentrations of PM10 and PM2.5 collected by in-situ stations over the period 2018–2023. Three different methods for the assessment of UPII are tested and compared by varying the sub-set of selected urban stations according to their environmental classification. Results show slight differences in the monthly-averaged concentrations of both PM10 and PM2.5 between the “urban traffic” and “urban background” stations, suggesting that the proximity of the emission sources to the monitoring stations moderately influences the concentrations, potentially due to limited ventilation within street canyons, which can inhibit mixing processes. The annual variation of UPII reveals that PM10 is more sensitive to the selection of the stations particularly during winter, when the differences between the three assessment methods reach 100%. Our findings also indicate that, in the case of Rome, using the largest number of stations available in the urban area could enhance the UPII evaluation, taking into consideration the urban structure and the specific characteristics of local emission sources. The results presented here, although related to a single city, demonstrate that the selection of urban stations for the evaluation of UPII is not straightforward and requires further investigation.
SLeX decorated integrin α3 on sEVs promotes metastasis of bladder cancer via enhancing vascular permeability
Authors: Feng Hui , Liang Liang , Deng Wenli , Gao Jiaojiao , Li Xiang , Guan Feng 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

The permeability of blood vessels plays a crucial role in the spread of cancer cells, leading to their metastasis at distant sites. Small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) contribute to the metastasis of various cancers by crossing the blood vessel wall. However, the role of abnormal glycoconjugates on sEVs in tumor blood vessels is unknown. Our study found elevated levels of fucosyltransferase VII and its product sialyl Lewis X (sLeX) in muscle-invasive bladder cancer (BLCA), and high levels of sLeX can promote growth and invasion of BLCA cells. Further study revealed that sLeX was enriched in sEVs originating from BLCA. sLeX-decorated sEVs increased blood vessel permeability by disrupting the tight junctions of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Using a glycoproteomics approach, we identified integrin α3 (ITGA3) as a sLeX-bearing glycoprotein in BLCA cells and their sEVs. Mechanically, sLeX modification stabilized ITGA3 by inhibiting its degradation in lysosomes. sEVs carrying sLeX-modified ITGA3 can be effectively internalized by HUVECs, leading to decreased expression of tight junction protein. In contrast, silencing ITGA3 in sLeX-decorated sEVs restored tight junction protein and reduced blood vessel permeability by inhibiting the MAPK pathway. Moreover, ITGA3 sLeX-modification at Asn 265 in HUVECs promoted occludin dephosphorylation on Ser/Thr residues, followed by inducing its importin α1-mediated nuclear translocation and resulting destroyed tight junction. Our findings suggest a potential strategy for disrupting the formation of a metastatic microenvironment and preventing the spread of malignant bladder cancer.
Torque Optimization Strategy for Outer Rotor Permanent Magnet Brushless DC Motor based on Metamodel and CRITIC-TOPSIS Method
Authors: Ye Xiaoting , Zeng Qi , Sun Run , Zhang Tao 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

A metamodel-based torque optimization strategy is proposed for the efficient design and electromagnetic performance optimization of outer rotor permanent magnet brushless DC motors (ORPMBLDCM), which is based on the dimensionality reduction and generalization principles in statistical modeling theory. The strategy combines Criteria Importance through Intercrieria Correlation and Technology for Order Preference by Similarity to an Ideal Solution (CRITIC-TOPSIS) theory. A parameterized two-dimensional finite element calculation model is established using a 10-pole 12-slot ORPMBLDCM as an example. The optimization objectives are set to be the low cogging torque, low torque ripple, and high average electromagnetic torque. The actual model is approximated using coefficient of prognosis and the constructed optimal prediction metamodel, based on variance-based sensitivity analysis. Multi-objective evolutionary algorithms are used to optimize the objectives and obtain the Pareto optimal solution set. Finally, the CRITIC-TOPSIS method is used to globally rank the feasible solution set and determine the optimal structural dimension parameters. The results of the finite element analysis demonstrate a 77.9\% reduction in cogging torque, a 18.5\% improvement in average electromagnetic torque, and a 14.5\% reduction in torque ripple. The effectiveness of torque optimization strategy using metamodel and CRITIC-TOPSIS method in improving the performance of ORPMBLDCM has been validated. The presented torque optimization strategy can guide the design of brushless DC motors.
Manufacturable high-speed CMOS back-end-of-line-compatible spin-orbit-torque magnetic random-access memory with β-tungsten
Authors: Huang Yen-Lin , Song MingYaun , Lee Chien-Min , Chen Yu-Wei , Chiang Ching-Yu , Liu Hen-Rui , Chen Guan-Long , Yang Shan-Yi , Chang Yao-Jen , Wang I-Jung , Hsin Yu-Chen , Su Yi-Hui , Wei Jeng-Hua , Xue Fen , Wang Shan , Bao Xinyu 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

The magnetization switching driven by spin-orbit torque (SOT) has garnered significant interest due to its potential for realizing Spin-Orbit Torque Magnetic Random-Access Memory (SOT-MRAM). This design features distinctly separated read and write paths, promising enhanced device reliability and a more favorable window for minimizing read/write interference. Among many explored heavy metals which possess strong spin-orbit coupling, tungsten stands out as a particularly intriguing material, exhibiting substantial spin–orbit torques in thin films stabilized in the A15 (β-phase) structure. However, challenges arise from the low spin Hall angles (~ 0.01) observed in the energetically favorable α-phase tungsten. Integration of β-W with modern CMOS processes, particularly under the back-end-of-line (BEOL) thermal budget (400℃ 30 mins), remains problematic. In this study, we report a design strategy for achieving BEOL thermal budget in tungsten layers, focusing on β-tungsten (β-W) as a promising material for efficient spin-orbit torques (SOTs) with a recorded high spin Hall conductivity of approximately 4500 Ω-1cm-1 measured by spin-torque ferromagnetic resonance (ST-FMR) and Harmonic Hall resistance. Finally, we demonstrate 1 ns SOT switching with 146% tunneling magnetoresistance based on the proposed β-W film stack. This comprehensive investigation provides a manufacturable and CMOS comparable path for next-generation low-power MRAM and spintronics.
Sulfamethoxazole Pharmaceutical Dosage Form Quantitative Estimation Using UV-Visible Spectrophotometric Method
Authors: Ch.Divya  , G.Harika  , K.Vineela  , M.Shivaraj  , P.Sandhya  , D.Sathyanarayana  , M.Ravi  
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Sulfamethoxazole, a widely used antibiotic, is often formulated as a combination product with trimethoprim to treat bacterial infections. Accurate and reliable quantitation of sulfamethoxazole is essential for quality control and assurance in pharmaceutical industries. In this study, a simple and cost-effective UV-Visible spectrophotometric method was developed for the quantitative estimation of sulfamethoxazole in pharmaceutical dosage forms.The method involves measuring the absorbance of sulfamethoxazole at 264 nm, which is a characteristic wavelength of the compound. The calibration curve was constructed by plotting the absorbance values against the concentration of sulfamethoxazole in the range of 2-12 μg/mL. The results showed a good linear correlation (r² = 0.999) with a limit of detection (LOD) and quantification (LOQ) of 0.5 μg/mL and 1.5 μg/mL, respectively.The method was validated by analyzing commercial pharmaceutical products containing sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim. The results showed good accuracy and precision, with mean recovery percentages ranging from 98% to 102%. The method was also found to be selective, with no interference from excipients or other components commonly present in pharmaceutical formulations.In conclusion, the proposed UV-Visible spectrophotometric method is a reliable and efficient tool for the quantitative estimation of sulfamethoxazole in pharmaceutical dosage forms. The method can be easily adapted for routine quality control analysis and can help ensure the quality and consistency of sulfamethoxazole-based products.
Probing the physical origins of droplet friction using a critically damped cantilever
Authors: Arunachalam Sankara , Lin Marcus , Daniel Dan 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Previously, we and others have used cantilever-based techniques to measure droplet friction on various surfaces, but typically at low speeds U < 1 mm s-1; at higher speeds, friction measurements become inaccurate because of ringing artefacts. Here, we are able to eliminate the ringing noise using a critically damped cantilever. We measured droplet friction on a superhydrophobic surface over a wide range of speeds U = 10−5– 10−1 m s−1 and identified two regimes corresponding to two different physical origins of droplet friction. At low speeds U < 1 cm s−1, the droplet is in contact with the top-most solid (Cassie-Baxter), and friction is dominated by contact-line pinning with Ffric that is independent of U. In contrast, at high speeds U > 1 cm s−1, the droplet lifts off the surface, and friction is dominated by viscous dissipation in the air layer with Ffric ∝ U2/3 consistent with Landau-Levich-Derjaguin predictions.
Valorization of coffee husks for the sustainable removal of pharmaceuticals from aqueous solutions
Authors: Ospina-Montoya Valentina , Cardozo Valentina , Porras Jazmín , Acelas Nancy , Forgionny Angélica 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT

The contamination of wastewater with pharmaceutical compounds represents a growing environmental challenge due to the inefficiency of conventional treatment systems in removing these emerging contaminants. The coffee husk (CH) is a promising bioadsorbent due to its abundant availability as a byproduct of coffee production. This study focuses on using untreated CH as an adsorbent for removing acetaminophen (ACE) and ciprofloxacin (CIP) while exploring the impact of pyrolysis temperature on the adsorption efficiency of these pharmaceutical compounds. The results reveal an excellent CH performance in removing CIP, achieving 64% removal with a maximum adsorption capacity of 37.00 mg/g. Increasing the pyrolysis temperature during the heat treatment of coffee husks significantly affects the adsorption of CIP. This behavior is primarily due to the reduction in functional groups, which are essential for facilitating the adsorption of CIP onto the resulting biochar. Thermodynamic parameters (ΔH° &gt; 0 and ΔG° &gt; 0) indicate that CIP adsorption on CH is an endothermic and not spontaneous process. The removal efficiency of CIP on CH for synthetic wastewater and urine matrices showed that CH can effectively remove CIP from wastewater. Finally, the reuse of CH as a bioadsorbent highlights its potential to contribute to water quality improvement and environmental preservation.
Low-cost solar septic tanks as sustainable sanitation solution: A case study implemented in Cambodia
Authors: Koottatep Thammarat , Pussayanavin Tatchai , Chomnan Choum , Khamyai Sopida , Sangchun Wattanapong , Surinkul Nawatch , Polprasert Chongrak 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT

The integration of a solar septic tank (SST) system with an economically viable solar water-heating apparatus comprising polyethylene (PE) and copper (Cu) pipes, as well as a lightweight structural framework, has been conceptualized and implemented. Two variants of low-cost SSTs were subjected to empirical scrutiny within authentic settings, encompassing public toilets and residential establishments in Cambodia. Both the PE pipe and Cu pipe solar water-heating devices demonstrated efficacy in consistently maintaining temperatures within the system above ambient levels. Although the parameters do not conform to Cambodia's effluent requirements, the results of this study suggest that the SST is effective in reducing organic loads and provides a significant improvement over conventional septic tank effluent. This underscores the potential applicability of the developed system for the treatment of toilet wastewater, thereby mitigating pollution concerns and public health risks. Harnessing solar energy to elevate septic tank temperature, this system's cost varies but includes materials, tools, and miscellaneous components, with a total estimated cost ranging from $600 to $2500, depending on size and complexity.
Antidepressant Sertraline Hydrochloride Inhibits the Growth of HER2+ AU565
Breast Cancer Cell Line through Induction of Apoptosis and Cell Cycle Arrest
Authors: Fayyaz Sharmeen , Atia-Tul-Wahab  , Irshad Rimsha , Siddiqui Rafat A. , Choudhary M. Iqbal 
Published: May 2024

Background:
Drug repurposing in oncology promises benefits to many patients through its ability to
provide novel, and fast-tracked treatments. Previous studies have demonstrated that depression may influence
tumor progression. Anti-proliferative activity of certain antidepressants, mainly selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors
(SSRIs), are reported in the literature.

Objective:
This study was conducted to repurpose selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) for the treatment
of breast cancers, and it merits further validation and research.

Experimental:
Changes in cell morphology were studied using DAPI staining, while the Annexin V/PI method
was employed for apoptotic analysis. The expression of specific genes involved in cancer progression was also
analyzed via RT-PCR. Caspase-3 activation was measured through fluorometric assay.

Results:
We have identified that sertraline hydrochloride significantly inhibited the growth of breast cancer cell
in vitro. Preliminary mechanistic studies demonstrated that the cytotoxicity of sertraline hydrochloride was possibly
through the induction of apoptosis, as inferred from enhanced nuclear fragmentation, flow cytometric data,
and caspase-3/7 activation. Gene expression analysis also showed an increased expression of pro-apoptotic Bax,
and a slight decrease in oncogene c-myc in the presence of sertraline hydrochloride.

Conclusion:
In conclusion, our study suggest that sertraline hydrochloride, an antidepressant drug, can potentially
be used for the treatment of breast cancer.