bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Achieving Nutritional Security through Nutri-garden in Rural Areas of Nawada District, Bihar
Authors: Bharti Anugya , Singh Ranjan Kumar , Kumar Anjani 
Published: June 2024

Background: Various nutritional problems such as anaemia, malnutrition, stunting, wasting are prevalent among women and children. Nutri- garden promotes dietary diversification in rural household through easy availability of fresh vegetables and fruits on a daily basis, thereby, can play an important role in achieving nutritional security at household or community level. The objective of the study was to increase the availability of vegetables in rural household and to improve the knowledge of rural farm women regarding layout, technological and nutritional aspect of nutri-garden. Methods: The study was conducted in the nine villages of Kawakol block of Nawada district. Ten anganwadi centres and three backyard / kitchen garden were selected (that includes 115 respondents) for KVK front line demonstration programme on nutrition security. Result: An increase in yield of the crops was seen in demonstration unit in comparison to farmers field. This enhances the nutrient availability among rural families. Knowledge of the rural household was also enhanced through various training programmes conducted during the study. The major constraints faced by the farm women in management of nutri-garden were inadequate water supply in some areas and high input cost involved in purchasing low cost quality seed.
Impact of High Calcium Concentrations on Barite Scale Prediction Under High Temperature and High Pressure Conditions
Authors: Shen Yu-Yi , Deng Guannan , Wang Xin , Ye Yuqing , Reiss Amit , Yao Xuanzhu , Pimentel Daniel , Leschied Cianna , Kan Amy T. , Tomson Mason B. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Scale prediction and inhibition is one of the crucial challenges in the oil and gas industry. Thriving demand for gasoline drives the oil and gas industry into intensified production. Many of these unconventional sites face the challenge of high temperature and high pressure (HTHP) issues. This study focuses on improving the scale prediction of barite in the condition for calcium concentration up to 2 m with pressure up to 18,000 psi, temperature up to 200°C, and TDS (total dissolved solids) over 300,000 mg/L. A flow-through apparatus capable of simulating HTHP conditions was developed, and barite solubility was measured. The study assesses the solubility of barite in feed solutions containing different concentrations of CaCl2, NaCl, and Na2SO4. A reliable solubility prediction model, based on Pitzer ion-interaction theory, is developed for barite to encompass a wide range of brine compositions as well as extended temperature and pressure conditions (T&lt;200°C, P&lt;18,000 psi, and Ca&lt;2 m). Findings reveal that the barite solubility increases with the ionic strength while some ion interactions remain unclear at HTHP conditions. Quantifying ion interaction parameters related to divalent ions (Ca2+, Ba2+, SO42−) gives more reliable predictions of mineral solubility at high calcium concentrations. An accurate prediction of barite scale formation in oil field brine enables better control of inhibitor dosage and reduces unnecessary environmental impacts.
Well Plugging Study from Inorganic Scale Viewpoint for an Offshore Seawater-Flooded Oilfield
Authors: Xu Ying , Locklear Jay , Zheng Jv , Peng Si , Zhang Bing , Zhang Yanxu , Dai Xianghui , Li Wentao , Cui Qingzhen , Fu Yangyang 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
A seawater-flooded offshore oilfield has experienced well plugging issues causing production decline. Fines migration was the assumed cause for plugging for many years. A comprehensive study was initiated to review the initial completions, fines migration, and scaling as causal mechanisms. The study concluded further evaluation of inorganic scaling and organic deposits was appropriate, and a flow assurance study was commissioned to evaluate these possible plugging mechanisms. This paper focuses on inorganic scale evaluation.
Calcite (CaCO3) and/or barite (BaSO4) scales were observed in wells and production system in seemingly random ways, which correlated to the varying effectiveness of stimulation jobs. Historical water chemistry data was not considered suitable to investigate scale risks and patterns by scale modeling. An innovative approach was taken to analyze all available chemistry data and field information, which guided further investigation. A study was designed to sample and analyze produced water from 42 wells distributed across the field. Scale modeling with the new water chemistry data confirmed the trends suggested in the historic data with considerations to geochemical non-uniformity in the reservoir.
The scale study successfully identified the scaling pattern in the field and confirmed scaling has contributed to well plugging and production decline. The study can now inform scale risk for new wells, plugging remediation and stimulation operations. Additionally, a complete review of incumbent scale control program was recommended for well plugging control and production improvement.
Evaluation of Scale Dissolver Products for Near-Wellbore Applications
Authors: Fan Chunfang , Aloke Oluchukwu , Nelson Alexander C. , Temple Erin 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Scale dissolvers have been widely used to remove mineral scales from flowlines, tubing, wellbores, and near-wellbore formation regions. When developing a scale dissolver product, several aspects—such as the product's corrosivity, application temperatures, compatibility with brines and other production chemicals, and the byproducts formed following scale dissolution—must be considered in addition to the product's effectiveness in dissolving mineral scales. The use of scale dissolver products in near-wellbore regions to remove scale and repair formation damage caused by scale deposition and the combined use of a scale dissolver and a scale inhibitor squeeze treatment are reported in the literature and have shown success in field applications. The success of such applications relies not only on the selected scale dissolver's dissolution performance but also on its formation damage potential.
This paper presents two-phase coreflood studies that were conducted using reservoir conditions for two newly developed scale dissolver products (a carbonate dissolver and a sulfate dissolver) that specifically target near-wellbore reservoir applications are presented. The potential formation damage capacity of these scale dissolver products was evaluated by studying brine and oil permeability and injectivity before and after injection of the dissolver package and various effluents from the core flood tests during different stages. The effluent pH profile and the concentration profiles of calcium (Ca2+), magnesium (Mg2+), barium (Ba2+), strontium (Sr2+), and iron (Fe2+) ions were examined to understand the interaction between the formation rock and the scale dissolvers. The corrosivity of the dissolvers on various metals was also evaluated. The dissolution performance of the carbonate dissolver and the sulfate dissolver in removing, respectively, calcium carbonate and barium sulfate was evaluated. The results showed that neither dissolver product caused formation damage to the sandstone core under the conditions tested. The dissolution capacity tests suggested that the carbonate dissolver can dissolve approximately 123 g of calcium carbonate per liter, and the sulfate dissolver can dissolve approximately 30 g of barium sulfate per liter of a 25% diluted product.
Data Driven Total Systems Analysis Leads to Successful Treatment of Severe Calcium Carbonate Scale in the Delaware Basin Avalon Formation
Authors: Hudson R. W. , Spicka K. J. , Potter S. , Delaho D. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
There has been a recent shift in the Permian across unconventional frac targets in the Delaware Basin stacked play. Operators are now targeting shallower zones, such as the Avalon formation. When comparing key scale risk drivers, such as brine compositions and mol% CO2 of the Avalon formation to more traditional targets such as the Wolfcamp and 2nd & 3rd Bone Springs, not only does the Avalon present its own unique scaling challenge, but the commingling of these formations can present a much greater scale control challenge. Previous work highlighted the Avalon formation's high natural potential for carbonate scale precipitation, which aligns with field history presented here. These unique challenges will play a part in the next wave of formation-based proactive chemical treatment strategies across upstream, midstream and water disposal systems.
Here we present a case of severe carbonate surface scaling from Avalon formation brines. The operator was experiencing calcium carbonate scaling on flowlines, water legs of separators, and equalizing lines between water tanks every 3 to 4 months. The operator had to choose between using heater treaters in winter to sell oil or scaling off the heaters. Incumbent service companies had successfully controlled downhole scale but could not control the surface scale issues.
A total systems analysis including field analysis, scale modeling, 21 produced fluid chemical compatibility experiments run across 11 different scale inhibitors, minimum effective dosage (MED) identification through 119 NACE static/synthetic brine and Dynamic Scale Loop (DSL) testing was performed to identify a solution.
The solution highlighted in this paper resulted in zero facility scale-offs (26-month treatment period to date of publication), use of heater treaters in winter to sell oil, and operational efficiency gains in reduced manpower for cleanouts. Additionally, the ability to now commingle high-risk brines at central tank batteries allowed for the decommission of small satellite facilities previously used to isolate the highest scale risk brines.
The Avalon is not a new target but is projected to become more common in the future. The recent shift has implications to change how, where, and why we treat for carbonate scale in the Delaware Basin.
Wideband High Gain Metasurface-Based 4T4R MIMO antenna with Highly Isolated Ports for Sub-6 GHz 5G Applications
Authors: Salehi Mahdi , Oraizi Homayoon 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

This study presents the design of four 178×178 (mm)2 wideband, high gain, highly efficient metasurface-based 4T4R MIMO (Multiple-Input Multiple-Output) antennas with highly isolated ports, covering the middle and a portion of the upper bands of the sub 6 GHz 5G frequency spectrum for 5G-based systems, such as IoT (Internet of Things) applications, vehicular communications (e.g., rooftop antennas of cars or trains), smart industries (e.g., farms and factories). The radiating elements of these antennas use the aperture-coupled feeding technique with a dumbbell-shaped slot, a truncated square patch with two U-shaped slots, and a metasurface layer. The proposed MIMO structures place four identical radiating elements like a 2×2 matrix with 90o successive rotations to produce orthogonal electromagnetic waves, improving the isolation between ports. Six-millimeter spaces are added between these elements, and two vertical and horizontal strip slots are carved on the ground as the decoupling structure to decrease the mutual coupling. Simulation results show that Antenna_1, Antenna_2, and Antenna_3 achieve gain values of 6.2 to 9.4 dBi, 8.2 to 11.6 dBi, 6 to 9.5 dBi, below -35, -25, and -33 isolation and almost 10 dB diversity gain from 2.8 to 4.7 GHz, 2.8 to 4.5 GHz, and 2.7 to 4.9 GHz, respectively. As a prototype, Antenna_4 is manufactured, and measurements are performed. It achieves 6.28 to 10.45 dBi gain values, below -23 dB isolation, and 0.001 envelope correlation coefficient over 2.7 to 4.3 GHz. The results confirm that the proposed MIMO antennas are compatible with the 5G essential requisites.
Protocol for a feasibility multi-centre randomised controlled trial of a pre-operative two-week very low-calorie diet to Reduce SteatOsis Prior to Liver Resection (RESOLVE)
Authors: Neilens Helen Louise , Allgar Victoria , Sorrell Lexy , Chynoweth Jade , Bailey Matthew , Aspinall Paigan , King Angela , Parkin Tracey , MacCormick Andrew , Aroori Somaiah 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background
Hepatic steatosis (HS) increases morbidity and mortality associated with liver surgery (LS). Furthermore, patients with HS are more likely to require a blood transfusion, which is associated with worse short- and long-term outcomes. Patients with HS requiring LS receive no specific dietary treatment or advice. A very low-calorie diet (VLCD) is commonly used before gallbladder and bariatric surgery to reduce liver volumes and associated intraoperative morbidity. These diets typically provide 800-1200 kcal/day over a 2–4-week period. Limited evidence suggests that a VLCD in patients with LS may result in better outcomes.
Methods
This study aims to test the feasibility of delivering a multi-centre randomised clinical trial to compare a dietary intervention (VLCD plus motivational instructions) versus treatment as usual (TAU) in people with HS having LS. This study will provide high-quality data to estimate screening rates, recruitment, randomisation, retention, and intervention adherence. The study will also determine the definitive trial's most clinically relevant primary outcome. The study will also estimate resource use and costs associated with the delivery of the intervention. Seventy-two adults ≥ 18 who are scheduled to undergo elective LS and have a Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) identified HS will be recruited. Acceptability to the dietary intervention will be evaluated with food diaries and focus groups. Clinical and patient-reported outcomes will be collected at baseline, pre-and post-surgery, day of discharge, plus 30- and 90-day follow-up.
Discussion
This feasibility study will provide data on the acceptability and feasibility of a dietary intervention for patients with HS having LS. The intervention has been developed based on scientific evidence from other clinical areas and patient experience; therefore, it is safe for this patient group. Patients with experience with LS and VLCDs have been advised throughout the development of the study protocol. The findings will inform the design of a future definitive study.
Trial Registration: ISRCTN Number 19701345
Date registered: 20/03/2023
URL: https://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN19701345
Responsibility for Historic Carbon Emissions and Public Support for Climate Aid
Authors: Charnysh Volha , Kalow Jared , Lieberman Evan , Walk Erin 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Over the past several years, international climate negotiations have concluded that the wealthiest countries should make significant financial contributions towards solutions to the climate crisis owing to their disproportionate responsibility for global warming. However, in democratic countries such as the United States, public opinion is divided about whether to use taxpayer money in this manner. We conducted a pre-registered survey from a national online pool (N = 5,065) with a built-in experiment to evaluate the effectiveness of different motivational frames associated with historic carbon emissions for increasing support for climate aid. We find that specific attribution claims that reflect a climate justice perspective do boost support for more generous climate aid, but their effects are mostly limited to Democrats. We also find that global solidarity frames had no effect on support for climate aid. Such results have important implications for climate advocacy and our understanding of climate-related attitudes.
Origin of salinity in soil and water based on hydrogeochemistry and environmental isotopes in the Santa María Volcanic Field
Authors: Loyola-Martinez Erika , Ramos-Leal José Alfredo , Morán-Ramírez Janete , Rodríguez-Robles Ulises , Verma Sanjeet K. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Salinization of soils and groundwater can be of natural or anthropogenic origin throughout the world. This process is found in arid or desert soils and influences the loss of nutrients in the soil, resulting in the decline of vegetation.
Salinization of soils and groundwater in the Tierra Nueva aquifer can be influenced by natural or anthropogenic activities. The aquifer is located in the Santa María Volcanic Field (SMVF). The SMVF is mainly made up of igneous rocks of andesitic and rhyolitic composition. In this work, an exhaustive study has been carried out to discover the origin of salinity through petrography, mineralogy, stable isotopes (δ2H and δ18O) and hydrogeochemistry. Applying hydrogeochemical techniques, the water families and the main routes of the evolutionary processes of water (dissolution and precipitation and ion exchange) were identified. With a textural analysis, the soil types derived from the alteration of dominant rocks in the region were classified.
The isotopic results revealed the evaporation and mixing processes, as well as the possible elevations of the recharge and influence of the surface water body on the aquifer.
The results indicate that salinization is of natural origin and is increased by anthropogenic activities in the region. Based on the results, three dominant groups were identified, such as (i) where the water-rock interaction process predominates, (ii) the mixing with urban water influences, and (iii) it is affected by the return of irrigation and evaporation, which subsequently intensifies the salinity of the water and soil in the Tierra Nueva region.
HKDC1 promotes metastasis, lipid metabolism and immune escape by interacting with G6PC/G6PC2 in ovarian cancer
Authors: Ying Wang , Wu Nayiyuan , Luo Xia , Wang Jing 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

HKDC1 plays a critical role in tumor progression. However, its functional role in ovarian cancer (OC) metastasis, lipid metabolism, and immune escape remains incompletely understood. HKDC1 was knocked down and overexpressed in OC cells to investigate its effects and underlying mechanisms on metastasis, lipid metabolism, and immune evasion. Finally, an OC mouse model was established to validate thein vitroresults. HKDC1 was found to be highly expressed in OC cell lines. Overexpression of HKDC1 promoted proliferation, migration, and invasion of OC cells. Additionally, HKDC1 upregulated levels of intracellular free fatty acids, triglycerides, phospholipids, and cholesterol, as well as neutral lipids content. HKDC1 enhanced fatty acid synthesis by upregulating the expression of ACC1, FASN, and SCD1. HKDC1 also promoted cholesterol biosynthesis by upregulating HMGCS1 and HMGCR expression. Knockdown of HKDC1 exerted opposite functional effects. Furthermore, HKDC1 upregulated PD-L1 expression, leading to increased immune suppression, manifested by inhibition of T cell proliferation, IFN-γ, GZMB, and perforin expression, and elevated PD-1 levels. Mechanistically, HKDC1 interacted with glucose-6-phosphatase catalytic subunit 1 (G6PC)/G6PC2 to exert its biological functions. These findings were further confirmed in thein vivoOC mouse model. HKDC1 promotes metastasis, lipid metabolism and immune escape by interacting with G6PC/G6PC2 in OC.
Development of a solution based on GIS and fuzzy logic to rescue earthquake victims
Authors: Aghamohammadi Hossein , Baikpour Shahram , Jalali seyed hossein , Mohammadikhas Uranos , Behzadi Saeed 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Earthquake is one of the natural disasters that can cause significant loss of life and property. The unpredictable nature of earthquakes distinguishes them from the other natural disasters, making them a primary topic of crisis management. There are some extensive and carefully-planned measures to deal with this crisis, one of which is the management of rescue forces to rescue people trapped in collapsed buildings. Research has shown that the chance of trapped people surviving after 72 hours is almost zero. In this study, the survivability of people trapped in collapsed buildings was modeled with the time elapsed and the population density. The model of Coburn and Spence was used as the base method for estimating the survivability of trapped people. In this study, buildings were classified into eight categories. A fuzzy inference engine was then built with the time elapsed and building’s type as input, and survivability as its sole output. The data related to district 11 of Tehran was given to this fuzzy inference engine to generate survivability maps for 8, 24, 36, 48, and 72 hours after earthquakes with an intensity of 7 and 9 on the Mercalli scale. The results showed that in the both Mercalli 7 and 9, buildings in the northern part of the area rapidly collapse, trapping a large number of people, which leads to decrease in survivability in this area. However, survivability decreases with a nearly constant pattern in other parts. According, urban planners can adopt preventive measures and build rescue and relief sites in these areas before the expected earthquake.
Disruption of microtubules with low intensity ultrasound rescues hair follicle damage by paclitaxel
Authors: Xu Xiang-Xi , Amaya Celina , Luo Shihua , Cheret Jeremy , Smith Elizabeth 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Paclitaxel exemplifies one of the key taxanes (paclitaxel, docetaxel, cabazitaxel), a group of versatile and effective drugs commonly used in chemotherapy for several major cancer types. These drugs work by stabilizing cellular microtubules, a unique mechanism to account for their impressive success in oncology. Unfortunately, side effects and inevitable development of resistance limit their utility. Hair loss (alopecia) is a well-known adverse side effect and poses a significant quality of life issue for many patients. Substantial efforts have been made to prevent or limit alopecia in chemotherapy, however their efficacy is minimal.
We discovered that a brief exposure to low intensity and low frequency ultrasound at a defined timing is able to eliminate toxicity of paclitaxel (and other taxanes) in cultured cells by breaking the stabilized cellular microtubules. We subsequently showed that a brief exposure of low intensity ultrasound was able to break cellular microtubules and mitotic spindles transiently in hair follicle matrix cells of the furred skin of live mice. Such treatment reversed mitotic arrest by paclitaxel in the proliferative hair follicle matrix cells and prevented cell death, and thus annulled the consequent hair follicle damage and suppression of hair growth following paclitaxel administrations. These experimental findings herald a practical method that is within reach to prevent hair loss in cancer chemotherapy using taxanes.