bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Resection of a Transplantable Single‐Nodule Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Child‐Pugh Class A Cirrhosis: Factors Affecting Survival and Recurrence
Authors: Muscari Fabrice , Foppa Bertrand , Carrere Nicolas , Kamar Nassim , Peron Jean‐Marie , Suc Bertrand 
Published: March 2011

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of this study was to estimate the survival rates and define risk factors for tumor recurrence after resection surgery for single hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs) ≤5 cm (on preoperative imaging) that developed on compensated cirrhosis.MethodsA retrospective review studied patients treated by surgical resection. Overall survival (OS), disease‐free survival (DFS), recurrence rates, and risk factors were studied for all patients.ResultsA total of 49 patients were treated by resection. The 5‐year OS and DFS rates were 52 and 41%, respectively, after 2000. Three independent risk factors were found for OS and DFS: macroscopic vascular invasion, satellite nodules, R1 resection. In the absence of these three factors, the 5‐year OS was 59%. Recurrence rates were 63%. Delayed recurrence was significantly related to the 5‐year OS. One factor was correlated with early recurrence: the presence of satellite nodules; and one factor was correlated with late recurrence: hepatitis C virus infection.ConclusionsR0 resection for HCC on compensated cirrhosis may offer good long‐term survival in the absence of satellites nodules and macrovascular invasion. Thus, a “first approach” resection is proposed with the possibility of “salvage transplantation.” In other cases, resection may be a bridge to transplantation (“transplantation de principe”).
A non‐smooth tumor margin in the hepatobiliary phase of gadoxetic acid disodium (Gd‐EOB‐DTPA)‐enhanced magnetic resonance imaging predicts microscopic portal vein invasion, intrahepatic metastasis, and early recurrence after hepatectomy in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Ariizumi Shun‐ichi , Kitagawa Koichi , Kotera Yoshihito , Takahashi Yutaka , Katagiri Satoshi , Kuwatsuru Ryohei , Yamamoto Masakazu 
Published: March 2011

AbstractBackgroundThe value of the hepatobiliary phase of gadoxetic acid disodium (Gd‐EOB‐DTPA)‐enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has not been evaluated in detail.MethodsBetween 2008 and 2009, 61 patients with HCC within the Milan criteria underwent Gd‐EOB‐DTPA‐enhanced MRI and hepatectomy. The tumor margin was determined preoperatively based on hepatobiliary phase images. Microscopic portal vein invasion (MPVI), intrahepatic metastasis (IM), and recurrence of HCC within 1 year after hepatectomy were evaluated in 24 patients with non‐smooth margins at the periphery of the tumor and 37 patients with smooth margins.ResultsThe number of patients with MPVI and IM of HCC was significantly higher among those with non‐smooth margins (42 and 38%, respectively) than among those with smooth margins (3%;p = 0.0002 and 5%;p = 0.0042, respectively). A non‐smooth margin was identified as a significant predictor of MPVI (odds ratio 18.814,p = 0.024) and IM (odds ratio 6.498,p = 0.036) of HCC on multivariate analysis. Furthermore, a non‐smooth margin was identified as a significant predictor of recurrence within 1 year after hepatectomy (odds ratio 4.306,p = 0.04) on multivariate analysis.ConclusionsA non‐smooth tumor margin in the hepatobiliary phase of Gd‐EOB‐DTPA‐enhanced MRI is useful to predict MPVI, IM, and early recurrence of HCC after hepatectomy.
A Systematic Review of Outcomes of Fasciotomy, Aponeurotomy, and Collagenase Treatments for Dupuytren's Contracture
Authors: Chen Neal C. , Srinivasan Ramesh C. , Shauver Melissa J. , Chung Kevin C. 
Published: March 2011

Background Needle aponeurotomy and collagenase injection are alternative treatments of Dupuytren's contracture to open partial fasciectomy; however, reported data are difficult to interpret without a formal systematic review. Methods A Medline, EMBASE, and Cochrane database search was performed, and 277 articles were identified. Articles were stratified by level of evidence, and those of the highest level for each technique were included. Evidence available for needle aponeurotomy was of low quality so only cohorts larger than 100 patients were included. Results The sample size of patients for open partial fasciectomy ranged from 37-261. The recurrence rate ranged from 12-39%, with mean follow-up time of 1.5-7.3 years. The complication rate ranged from 14-67%. Complications included nerve division (2-5%), infection (4-12%), neurapraxia (0.4-52%), and regional pain syndrome (2-13%). For needle aponeurotomy the sample size ranged from 117-211. The recurrence rate ranged from 50-58%, with mean follow-up time of 3-5 years. With regard to collagenase injection, the sample size ranged from 13-204. The recurrence rate ranged from 10-31%, with mean follow-up time of 120 days to 4 years. For the two latter procedures, adverse effects consisted primarily of skin tears (9-25%). Kruskal-Wallis testing demonstrated that the recurrence rate was significantly higher for needle aponeurotomy than for open partial fasciectomy ( p=0.001), and the recurrence rate was significantly higher for open partial fasciectomy than for collagenase injection ( p=0.001). Conclusions The recurrence rates and types of complications differ between open partial fasciectomy and needle aponeurotomy or collagenase injection. Long-term outcomes have not been well reported.
Role of MeCP2, DNA methylation, and HDACs in regulating synapse function
Authors: Kavalali Ege T. , Nelson Erika D. , Monteggia Lisa M. 
Published: March 2011

Abstract
Over the past several years there has been intense effort to delineate the role of epigenetic factors, including methyl-CpG-binding protein 2, histone deacetylases, and DNA methyltransferases, in synaptic function. Studies from our group as well as others have shown that these key epigenetic mechanisms are critical regulators of synapse formation, maturation, as well as function. Although most studies have identified selective deficits in excitatory neurotransmission, the latest work has also uncovered deficits in inhibitory neurotransmission as well. Despite the rapid pace of advances, the exact synaptic mechanisms and gene targets that mediate these effects on neurotransmission remain unclear. Nevertheless, these findings not only open new avenues for understanding neuronal circuit abnormalities associated with neurodevelopmental disorders but also elucidate potential targets for addressing the pathophysiology of several intractable neuropsychiatric disorders.
Purification of Stearidonic Acid from Modified Soybean Oil by Argentation Silica Gel Column Chromatography
Authors: Kleiner‐Shuhler Leslie , Vázquez Luis , Akoh Casimir C. 
Published: March 2011

AbstractThe objective of this study was to purify stearidonic acid (SDA, 18:4 ω‐3) from modified soybean oil containing a mixture of over 20 fatty acids (23% SDA). Interest in obtaining purified fractions of SDA arises from reported health benefits associated with polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), such as cardiovascular disease prevention. In addition, SDA may also provide improved stability characteristics since its unsaturation index is less than longer PUFA, such as eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, 20:5 ω‐3). First, a chemical ethanolysis of modified soybean oil was performed to transform the triacylglycerols into fatty acid ethyl esters (FAEE). Then, the FAEE were fractionated and SDA‐EE was purified by argentation silica gel (10% AgNO3) open column chromatography, which allows selectivity based on degree of unsaturation. Different FAEE sample loads and mobile phases were explored until the best purification of SDA‐EE was achieved. The solvents used were hexane and hexane:acetone mixtures (99 and 95%). Under the optimal conditions, a fraction with high SDA‐EE purity (96%) was obtained with 77% yield. Besides, it was possible to obtain another fraction enriched in α‐linolenic acid‐EE (37% purity and 68% yield) and γ‐linolenic acid‐EE (22% purity and 61% yield). A scaled‐up process resulted in 840 mg of final product composed of 97% SDA‐EE with 71% yield.
‘I TOLD HIM I WAS LENNOX NJOKWENI’: HONOR AND RACIAL ETIQUETTE IN SOUTHERN RHODESIA
Authors: SHUTT ALLISON K. 
Published: March 2011

ABSTRACTThis article focuses on a single episode of racial interaction in 1931 in order to highlight competing notions of honor and respectability in a shared colonial society. This story elucidates how Africans and whites unraveled and rebuilt ‘racial etiquette’, the tacit code that guided individual encounters between blacks and whites and that were so vital to the expression of colonial power. In moments of transition, such as the early 1930s in Southern Rhodesia, the minutiae of racial etiquette were confusing, and this allowed for some dialogue between Africans and whites about what constituted proper behavior. As this story makes clear, Africans were as much a part of composing racial etiquette as whites, despite – indeed, because of – the latter's political power.
TRADERS, SAINTS, AND IRRIGATION: REFLECTIONS ON SAHARAN CONNECTIVITY
Authors: SCHEELE JUDITH 
Published: March 2011

ABSTRACTStudies of trans-Saharan trade have recently been revitalized, mainly through an exploration of local archives. These archives offer a further possibility: to investigate the link between local settlement and wider patterns of exchange. Material from southern Algeria and northern Mali suggests that oases were not viable without outside investment, that pastoral economies needed storage space and agricultural produce, and that intra-Saharan and trans-Saharan trade relied on each other. Hence, regional mobility and outside connections were not subsidiary but constitutive of the local, and local patterns of production and trans-Saharan commerce were aspects of the same system.
Empirical treatment with pantoprazole as a diagnostic tool for symptomatic adult laryngopharyngeal reflux
Authors: Masaany M , Marina M B , Sharifa Ezat W P , Sani A 
Published: March 2011

AbstractObjective:To determine the sensitivity and specificity of intensive empirical treatment with pantoprazole in diagnosing laryngopharyngeal reflux in adults.Study design:This was a prospective, double-blind study.Subjects and methods:Fifty-five patients with either a Reflux Symptom Index of more than 13 or a Reflux Finding Score of more than 7 were enrolled. All patients underwent 24-hour, double-probe pH monitoring before commencing pantoprazole 40 mg twice daily; both investigators and patients were blinded to pH monitoring results. The Reflux Symptom Index and Reflux Finding Score were reassessed during the second, third and fourth month of follow up.Results:The sensitivity of empirical pantoprazole treatment in diagnosing laryngopharyngeal reflux was 92.5 per cent. The specificity was 14.2 per cent, the positive predictive value 86 per cent and the negative predictive value 25 per cent. There was significant reduction in the total Reflux Symptom Index and Reflux Finding Score after the second, third and fourth month of treatment. There was no correlation between laryngopharyngeal reflux and body mass index.Conclusion:Our results suggest that intensive empirical treatment with proton pump inhibitors is effective in diagnosing laryngopharyngeal reflux.
Venous haemangioma of the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve
Authors: McMonagle B , Connor S , Gleeson M 
Published: March 2011

AbstractObjectives:To present a rare cause of facial pain, and the differential diagnosis of a lesion of the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve.Case report:A 19-year-old woman presented to a tertiary referral skull base centre with right periorbital pain and a progressive, right-sided deficit of the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve. Clinical examination revealed right-sided hypoaesthesia in the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve dermatome, mild trismus and some wasting of the right masseter muscle. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging scans revealed a small area of mildly enhancing soft tissue centred within the foramen ovale, with concentric enlargement. Surgery was undertaken via an infratemporal fossa (Fisch) type D approach. A vascular lesion was found filling the foramen ovale, with no obvious nerve separate from the lesion. The lesion was removed en bloc. Histopathological analysis demonstrated a venous haemangioma within the nerve.Conclusion:Facial pain is common, and may be wrongly attributed to trigeminal neuralgia. A thorough clinical examination must be performed to identify subtle neurological abnormalities, and appropriate imaging undertaken to exclude rare causes, such as this venous haemangioma of the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve.
Efficacy of endonasal dacryocystorhinostomy, using ‘cold steel’ instruments without stenting, in treatment of distal nasolacrimal duct obstruction
Authors: Ananth L , Hosamani P , Chary G 
Published: March 2011

AbstractObjective:To assess the efficacy of an endonasal dacryocystorhinostomy technique using conventional instruments, without the use of any adjunctive techniques.Study design:Prospective, non-randomised, cohort study.Methods:Patients diagnosed with nasolacrimal duct obstruction between January 2006 and December 2008 were included in the study. Seventy-eight endonasal dacryocystorhinostomies (primary or revision) were performed with conventional ‘cold steel’ instruments. The technique involved complete exposure and marsupialisation of the lacrimal sac. No adjunctive procedures were used. Success was defined as complete resolution of epiphora and a patent lacrimal system, evaluated by lacrimal irrigation and endoscopy, one year post-operatively.Results:Seventy-four of the 78 cases were symptom-free after a minimum follow up of 12 months, giving an overall success rate of 94.9 per cent. The success rates for primary and revision cases were 95.5 and 90.9 per cent, respectively.Conclusion:Meticulous surgical technique can ensure high success rates with the use of conventional cold steel instruments, without the use of adjunctive procedures, making endonasal dacryocystorhinostomy a cost-effective, reliable procedure.
Nonlinear wavy phenomena into plasma: some cases of stabilization and control of chaotic behaviors
Authors: XAPLANTERIS CONSTANTINE L. , FILIPPAKI ELENI 
Published: March 2011

AbstractStabilities, instabilities and turbulences have always appeared into a cylindrical magnetized argon plasma. These phenomena are caused by linear or nonlinear dynamics and are interpreted with the linear or nonlinear theory accordingly. In this paper, an experimental study accompanied by theoretical justification and based on the wave–wave interaction has been made; an azimuthally moved driving wave is enforced in a very simple way. The turbulence stabilization, the wave coupling, the instability synchronization and other wavy interactions, which are caused by using an external spatiotemporal electric signal, are presented. The research of the wavy subjects continuing in our laboratory aspires to comprehend the plasma chaotic behavior and take a step into suppressing the unstable inclination.
Religious actors as epistemic communities in conflict transformation: the cases of South Africa and Northern Ireland
Authors: AHU SANDAL NUKHET 
Published: March 2011

AbstractWith the increasing influence of theocrats and other religious actors on policymakers and masses, recognising the agency of the clergy is crucial. This article uses the ‘epistemic communities’ framework to place the religious ‘agents’ in contemporary politics and it shows how hermeneutics can be treated as a form of ‘episteme’. Until recently, this framework has been used to explain how scientific communities affect policymaking. Using the cases of South Africa and Northern Ireland, this article claims that religious actors, especially with their shared set of normative and principled beliefs as well as shared norms of validity, also meet the requirements of the epistemic community category. The employment of this established IR framework in theorising religious politics has the potential to shed light not only on peacebuilding and mediation, but also violent movements and terrorist organisations that use religion as justification.
Unintentional Falls in Older Adults: A Methodological Historical Review
Authors: Speechley Mark 
Published: March 2011

RÉSUMÉPubMed fournit plus de 6,000 références (700 critiques) sur les chutes accidentelles des personnes âgées. Cet article retrace les jalons principaux et méthodologiques dans l’application de méthodes épidémiologiques depuis les premières publications dans ce domaine, à la fin des années quarante. Dans le contexte des avances faites en définition des cas médicaux, échantillonnage, mesure, conception de la recherche et l’analyse statistique, l’article passe en revue les estimations de fréquence d’apparition, les associations de facteurs de risque, les conséquences de la morbidité et de la mortalité, la démonstration de la théorie des facteurs multirisques à l’aide des interventions sur la prévention des chutes et les défis de modèles de prédiction des risques de chutes. Les explications méthodologiques sont fournies pour les hétérogénéités observées et le cas médical est présenté en faveur d’aller au-delà des listes indifférenciées des facteurs de risque, en mettant l’accent sur l’équilibre et la démarche comme les facteurs par lesquels on peut mieux comprendre les effets mécanistes des facteurs de risque distaux. En outre, l’affaire est faite pour faire avancer nos analyses statistiques en examinant les interactions parmi les facteurs de risque intrinsèques et entre les facteurs intrinsèques, extrinsèques et environnementaux.
Socioeconomic Status and Chemotherapy Use for Melanoma in Older People
Authors: Reyes-Ortiz Carlos A. , Goodwin James S. , Zhang Dong D. , Freeman Jean L. 
Published: March 2011

RÉSUMÉL’objectif de cette étude était d’examiner l’association entre la zone de statut socio-économique (SSE) et recevant une chimiothérapie chez les personnes âgées atteints de mélanome cutané. Une base de données liée à SEER-Medicare (1.329 hommes et femmes blancs âgés de ≥ 66, avec des étapes de mélanome invasif [régionaux et éloignés]; 1991-1999) a été utilisé. SSE a été mesurée par le niveau de pauvreté des secteurs de recensement (moyenne de 1990 et 2000 des données du recensement). Covariables ont été données sociodémographiques, caractéristiques de la tumeur et l’indice de comorbidité. Résidant dans les régions les plus pauvres SES a été associée à une faible probabilité de recevoir une chimiothérapie chez les patients de l’échantillon global (odds ratios ajustés = ou 0,97, intervalle de confiance IC 95% = 0.95 à 0.99), et ceux au stade régional au moment du diagnostic (OR 0,97, IC à 95% de 0.94 à 0.98). Ces résultats reflètent les disparités socio-économiques dans l’utilisation de chimiothérapie pour le mélanome chez les patients âgés blancs aux Etats-Unis.
Human lifespan: what determines the intrinsic length of human lives?
Authors: Crosse David JM 
Published: March 2011

SummaryHumans have an intrinsic lifespan of approximately 120 years. Classic evolutionary theories of ageing explain the limit as a response to inevitable cellular damage. The theories share the notion that natural selection acts less strongly to purge deleterious genes that are expressed after reproduction. Reproduction schedules are influenced by a species' ecology and so it is ecological factors which explain interspecies variation in lifespan. Human ecology has favoured the selection of an unusually large brain that both confers advantages that promote longevity and requires longevity to make it a worthwhile investment. The relatively long human lifespan therefore co-evolved with the large human brain.
Anomalous origin of the right coronary artery from the pulmonary artery associated with tetralogy of Fallot: description of the pre-surgical diagnosis and surgical repair
Authors: Pluchinotta Francesca R. , Vida Vladimiro , Milanesi Ornella 
Published: March 2011

AbstractAnomalous origin of the right coronary artery from the pulmonary artery is a rare congenital defect. We describe the case of an infant with anomalous origin of the right coronary artery from the pulmonary artery in association with tetralogy of Fallot. This patient had a pre-operative echocardiographic diagnosis, which was confirmed by angiography, and later underwent a successful surgical repair.
Cerebral Volume Loss, Cognitive Deficit, and Neuropsychological Performance: Comparative Measures of Brain Atrophy: II. Traumatic Brain Injury
Authors: Tate David F. , Khedraki Rola , Neeley E. Shannon , Ryser David K. , Bigler Erin D. 
Published: March 2011

AbstractTraumatic brain injury (TBI) results in a variable degree of cerebral atrophy that is not always related to cognitive measures across studies. However, the use of different methods for examining atrophy may be a reason why differences exist. The purpose of this manuscript was to examine the predictive utility of seven magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) -derived brain volume or indices of atrophy for a large cohort of TBI patients (n= 65). The seven quantitative MRI (qMRI) measures included uncorrected whole brain volume, brain volume corrected by total intracranial volume, brain volume corrected by the ratio of the individual TICV by group TICV, a ventricle to brain ratio, total ventricular volume, ventricular volume corrected by TICV, and a direct measure of parenchymal volume loss. Results demonstrated that the various qMRI measures were highly interrelated and that corrected measures proved to be the most robust measures related to neuropsychological performance. Similar to an earlier study that examined cerebral atrophy in aging and dementia, these results suggest that a single corrected brain volume measure is all that is necessary in studies examining global MRI indicators of cerebral atrophy in relationship to cognitive function making additional measures of global atrophy redundant and unnecessary. (JINS, 2011,17, 308–316)
A behavioural intervention incorporating specific glycaemic index goals improves dietary quality, weight control and glycaemic control in adults with type 2 diabetes
Authors: Miller Carla K , Headings Amy , Peyrot Mark , Nagaraja Haikady 
Published: March 2011

AbstractObjectiveA lower glycaemic index (GI) diet is associated with a reduction in glycosylated Hb (HbA1c) in people with diabetes. Yet, little research has been conducted to determine the effects of specific goals regarding consumption of low GI (LGI) foods on diabetes outcomes. The present study evaluated a behavioural intervention on dietary intake, weight status and HbA1c, which included a goal to consume either six or eight servings of LGI foods daily.DesignA parallel two-group design was used. Following the 5-week intervention, participants were randomly assigned to the group of six (n 15) or eight (n 20) servings of LGI foods daily and followed up for 8 weeks. Dietary intake was assessed using the mean of 4 d food records.SettingA metropolitan community in the USA.SubjectsIndividuals aged 40–65 years with type 2 diabetes of ≥1 year and HbA1c ≥ 7·0 % were eligible.ResultsThere was no significant difference between goal difficulty groups with regard to GI servings at the end of the study. However, mean consumption of LGI foods increased by 2·05 (se 0·47) and 1·65 (se 0·40) servings per 4184 kJ in the six (P < 0·001) and eight (P < 0·001) LGI serving groups, respectively. For all participants combined, there were significant decreases in mean HbA1c (−0·58 (se 0·21) %; P = 0·01), weight (−2·30 (se 0·78) kg; P = 0·01), BMI (−0·80 (se 0·29) kg/m2; P = 0·01) and waist circumference (−2·36 (se 0·81) cm; P = 0·01).ConclusionsAn intervention including a specific goal to consume six to eight servings of LGI foods daily can improve diabetes outcomes. Clinicians should help patients set specific targets for dietary change and identify ways of achieving those goals.