bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High muscular fitness level may positively affect bone strength and body composition in children with overweight and obesity
Authors: Comeras-Chueca Cristina , Villalba-Heredia Lorena , Lozano-Berges Gabriel , Matute-Llorente Ángel , Marín-Puyalto Jorge , Vicente-Rodríguez Germán , Casajús José A. , González-Agüero Alejandro 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Summary
Muscular fitness plays a major role in bone health and body composition in overweight and obese children. It is key that the development of this muscle fitness is affected by absolute isometric strength and dynamic strength.

Purpose
To compare bone health and body composition between overweight/obese children considering muscular fitness (MF) levels, and to investigate whether weight-bearing dynamic or absolute isometric strength, both involved in the development of this muscular fitness, are more related with bone health.

Methods
MF of 59 overweight or obese children (10.1 ± 0.9 years, 27 females) was measured by a countermovement jump (CMJ), handgrip, and maximal isometric strength of knee extension. Participants were divided into four groups depending on their MF level performing a cluster analysis: 16 children with high MF (HMF) in all tests, 18 with high performance in isometric strength (HIS), 15 with high performance in CMJ (HCMJ) and 10 low isometric and low dynamic force values (LMF). Body composition values were measured by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry, and bone strength values were assessed by peripheral quantitative computed tomography. Motor skills were evaluated using TGMD-3. Multivariate analysis of covariance test was applied to analyse bone strength differences between children in the different MF groups, using maturity offset, height and weight as covariates, and correlations were investigated.

Results
HMF excelled in bone health. HIS had higher cortical bone area, periosteal circumference, bone mass, polar strength strain index and fracture load than LMF, while HCMJ only showed better results in trabecular bone area than LMF. HMF had significantly better values of fracture load and periosteal and endosteal circumferences than HCMJ, but not than HIS.

Conclusions
High MF level shows positive effects on bone health in overweight/obese children. Those with highest isometric strength had better bone health compared to those with higher dynamic strength.

Trial registration
The research project was registered in a public database Clinicaltrials.gov in June 2020 with the identification number NCT04418713.
Computational Linear and Nonlinear Free Vibration Analyses of Micro/Nanoscale Composite Plate-Type Structures With/Without Considering Size Dependency Effect: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Al Mahmoud Zummurd , Safaei Babak , Sahmani Saeid , Asmael Mohammed , Setoodeh AliReza 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Recently, the mechanical performance of various mechanical, electrical, and civil structures, including static and dynamic analysis, has been widely studied. Due to the neuroma's advanced technology in various engineering fields and applications, developing small-size structures has become highly demanded for several structural geometries. One of the most important is the nano/micro-plate structure. However, the essential nature of highly lightweight material with extraordinary mechanical, electrical, physical, and material characterizations makes researchers more interested in developing composite/laminated-composite-plate structures. To comprehend the dynamical behavior, precisely the linear/nonlinear-free vibrational responses, and to represent the enhancement of several parameters such as nonlocal, geometry, boundary condition parameters, etc., on the free vibrational performance at nano/micro scale size, it is revealed that to employ all various parameters into various mathematical equations and to solve the defined governing equations by analytical, numerical, high order, and mixed solutions. Thus, the presented literature review is considered the first work focused on investigating the linear/nonlinear free vibrational behavior of plates on a small scale and the impact of various parameters on both dimensional/dimensionless natural/fundamental frequency and Eigen-value. The literature is classified based on solution type and with/without considering the size dependency effect. As a key finding, most research in the literature implemented analytical or numerical solutions. The drawback of classical plate theory can be overcome by utilizing and developing the elasticity theories. The nonlocality, weight fraction of porosity, or the reinforcements, and its distribution type of elastic foundation significantly influence the frequencies.
Durable Effect of Acupuncture for Chronic Neck Pain: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Fang Jiufei , Shi Hangyu , Wang Weiming , Chen He , Yang Min , Gao Shuai , Yao Hao , Zhu Lili , Yan Yan , Liu Zhishun 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Objective
Chronic neck pain, a prevalent health concern characterized by frequent recurrence, requires exploration of treatment modalities that provide sustained relief. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the durable effects of acupuncture on chronic neck pain.

Methods
We conducted a literature search up to March 2024 in six databases, including PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library, encompassing both English and Chinese language publications. The main focus of evaluation included pain severity, functional disability, and quality of life, assessed at least 3 months post-acupuncture treatment. The risk of bias assessment was conducted using the Cochrane Risk of Bias 2.0 tool, and meta-analyses were performed where applicable.

Results
Eighteen randomized controlled trials were included in the analysis. Acupuncture as an adjunct therapy could provide sustained pain relief at three (SMD: − 0.79; 95% CI − 1.13 to − 0.46; p < 0.01) and six (MD: − 18.13; 95% CI − 30.18 to − 6.07; p < 0.01) months post-treatment. Compared to sham acupuncture, acupuncture did not show a statistically significant difference in pain alleviation (MD: − 0.12; 95% CI − 0.06 to 0.36; p = 0.63). However, it significantly improved functional outcomes as evidenced by Northwick Park Neck Pain Questionnaire scores 3 months post-treatment (MD: − 6.06; 95% CI − 8.20 to − 3.92; p < 0.01). Although nine studies reported an 8.5%–13.8% probability of adverse events, these were mild and transitory adverse events.

Conclusion
Acupuncture as an adjunct therapy may provide post-treatment pain relief lasting at least 3 months for patients with chronic neck pain, although it is not superior to sham acupuncture, shows sustained efficacy in improving functional impairment for over 3 months, with a good safety profile.
Impact of an Injectable Trace Mineral Supplement on the Immune Response and Outcome of Mannheimia haemolytica Infection in Feedlot Cattle
Authors: Hong Suyeon , Rients Emma L. , Franco Carlos E. , Hansen Stephanie L. , McGill Jodi L. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe study aimed to assess the impact of injectable trace mineral (“ITM”; Multimin90; Fort Collins, CO) supplementation on bacterial infection in cattle. Angus-crossbred steers (n = 32) were organized into two blocks by initial body weight. Steers were maintained on a ryelage and dry-rolled corn-based growing diet without supplementation of Zn, Cu, Mn, and Se for the duration of the study. The steers were transported 6 h, then randomized into three treatment groups: control received sterile saline (“CON”), ITM administered 1 day after transport (6 days before infection, “ITMPRE”), and ITM administered 2 days post infection (dpi) concurrent with antibiotic treatment (“ITMPOST”). Steers were infected with Mannheimia haemolytica on day 0, and all were treated with tulathromycin at 2 dpi. Plasma levels of Zn, Cu, and Se did not differ among treatments (P ≥ 0.74). Liver Se was higher in ITMPRE at 2 dpi (P < 0.05), and both ITM groups had higher liver Se at 5 dpi (P < 0.05) compared to CON. A time × treatment interaction was detected for liver Cu (P = 0.02). Clinical scores were lower (P < 0.05) in ITMPRE on 1 and 8 dpi and ITMPOST on 8 dpi compared to CON. Thoracic ultrasonography scores were lower in ITMPRE at 2 dpi compared to CON (P < 0.05) and ITMPOST (P < 0.1). No treatment effects (P > 0.10) were observed for bacterial detection from bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) or nasopharyngeal swabs. At 5 dpi, both ITMPRE and ITMPOST showed higher frequencies of γδ T cells and NK cells in BAL compared to CON (P < 0.05). Before infection, leukocytes from ITMPRE steers produced more IL-6 (P < 0.01) in response to stimulation with the TLR agonist, Pam3CSK4. Use of ITM may be an effective strategy for improving disease resistance in feedlot cattle facing health challenges.
Novel protective circulating miRNA are associated with preserved vitamin D levels in patients with mild COVID-19 presentation at hospital admission not progressing into severe disease
Authors: di Filippo Luigi , Terenzi Umberto , Di Ienno Giovanni , Trasciatti Silvia , Bonaretti Silvano , Giustina Andrea 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Low vitamin D levels were reported to negatively influence the outcomes of acute COVID-19, as well as other biochemical markers were linked to COVID-19, including microRNAs (miRNAs). This study aimed to prospectively evaluate miRNAs and vitamin D relationship in predicting COVID-19 outcomes.

Methods
COVID-19 patients were part of a previously reported cohort and enrolled in a matched-ratio based on the presence/or not of severe disease at hospital admission. 25(OH) vitamin D levels and miRNAs expression were evaluated.

Results
Patients affected by non-severe COVID-19 were characterized by a higher expression of miRNAs hsa-miR-3115 and hsa-miR-7151-3p, as compared to those affected by severe disease. In non-severe patients, these miRNAs were more frequently expressed in those who subsequently did not develop worsening outcomes. In addition, patients with miRNA-7151 expression and without worsening disease were characterized by higher 25(OH) vitamin D levels and lower prevalence of vitamin D deficiency.

Conclusions
The expression of two novel miRNAs was reported for the first-time to be associated with a less severe COVID-19 form and to prospectively predict the occurrence of disease outcome. Furthermore, the association observed between vitamin D deficiency and lack of miRNA-7151 expression in COVID-19 patients with worse outcomes may support the hypothesis that the co-existence of these two conditions may have a strong negative prognostic role.
Cryoablation and Breast Disease
Authors: Kopicky Lauren M. , Pratt Debra A. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Purpose of review
Alternatives to surgical management of breast disease is desired by patients wishing to avoid an operation or those who are not a candidate for surgery. The role of cryoablation for treatment of benign and malignant tumors is reviewed to determine optimal candidacy.

Recent findings
Cryoablation is safe, effective, and well tolerated by patients. Cryoablation is being increasingly utilized to treat a subset of patients with primary breast cancer and is most effective when treating small lesions without extensive intraductal component. Combination with immunotherapy can enhance response to treatment.

Summary
Further studies are needed to determine if cryoablation is sufficient as de-escalation of other adjuvant treatments continues for patients with early-stage breast cancer. Combination of cryoablation with immunotherapy or treating the primary tumor in the presence of metastatic disease may optimize systemic therapies and patient outcomes.
The roughness of fracture surfaces and its scale dependence – a methodological study based on natural fractures in sandstones from Southern Germany
Authors: Houben Georg , Weitkamp Axel , Kaufhold Stephan 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe study of groundwater flow in fractured aquifers is an important part of hydrogeology. Main parameters that influence the flow rate and velocity in fractures are their number and connectivity but especially their opening width (aperture). The roughness of fractures also has an important influence, as it locally modifies both aperture and flow patterns. However, it is seldom measured, not fully understood and, therefore, often not included into calculations. The present study focuses on methodological aspects and investigates the roughness and composition of weathered fracture surfaces from Triassic Bunter Sandstone samples from Southern Germany. Such weathered surfaces have received little attention so far. For the first time, different mechanical and optical methods were used and compared. Results show a clear scale dependency, indicating a fractal, self-affine nature, despite several different methods being used. This confirms that all methods provide useful data. .
New horizons in gynecological surgery: first-year experience with HUGO™ robotic-assisted surgery system at two tertiary referral robotic centers
Authors: Afonina Margarita , Collà Ruvolo Claudia , Gaia Giorgia , Paciotti Marco , Leva Giovanni , Marconi Anna Maria , Traen Koen , Mottrie Alexandre 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe HUGO™ robotic-assisted surgery system (RAS, Medtronic, CA) consists of a 3D open console, four independent carts, and an integrated laparoscopic and robotic tower. Approved in 2021, it represents a novel alternative platform for robotic procedures. The aim of our study is to report the first-year experience with this system for gynecological procedures at two tertiary referral robotic centers. We prospectively collected and retrospectively analyzed data from patients underwent gynecological robot-assisted surgery with the HUGO™ RAS, at San Paolo University Hospital (Milan, Italy), and Onze Lieve Vrouw (OLV) Hospital (Aalst, Belgium), March 2022–April 2023. Demographic characteristics, intraoperative settings, and perioperative outcomes were investigated. A total of 32 procedures were performed: 20 (62.5%) hysterectomies, 7 (21.9%) adnexal surgeries, and 5 (15.6%) pelvic floor reconstructive surgeries. In 2022 and 2023, 13 (40.6%) and 19 (59.4%) procedures were carried out, respectively. The median docking time was 8 min (IQR 5.8–11.5). The median console and skin-to-skin time was 52.5 min (IQR 33.8–94.2) and 108.5 min (IQR 81.5–157.2), respectively. No intraoperative complications occurred. Two conversions to laparoscopy managed without any additional complications were needed. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first global series of gynecological procedures performed with the HUGO™ RAS. Our preliminary findings showed the system’s feasibility reporting promising results. The observed upward trend in the total number of procedures during the analyzed period is encouraging. Further studies are needed to assess a standardized method in the gynecological field with the novel platform.
Defining Digital Authoritarianism
Authors: Pearson James S. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIt is becoming increasingly common for authoritarian regimes to leverage digital technologies to surveil, repress and manipulate their citizens. Experts typically refer to this practice as digital authoritarianism (DA). Existing definitions of DA consistently presuppose a politically repressive agent intentionally exploiting digital technologies to pursue authoritarian ends. I refer to this as the intention-based definition. This paper argues that this definition is untenable as a general description of DA. I begin by illustrating the current predominance of the intention-based definition (Section 2). Section 3 then presents four counterexamples to this definition: benign surveillance; digital sovereignty; attention-harvesting algorithms; and tech-induced loneliness. In each case, we witness authoritarianism being promoted by digital technologies without any evidence of this being intentionally caused by politically repressive agents. Based on these observations, I contend that the intention-based definition is underinclusive and is therefore unsustainable. Section 4 outlines an improved definition of DA – what I call the promotion-based definition. Since this more expansive definition does not posit intentional, politically repressive agency as a precondition of DA, it can accommodate the counterexamples discussed in Section 3. Moreover, it enables us to catch a broader spectrum of cases of DA, such as tech-induced loneliness, which those adhering to the intention-based definition are prone to overlook. After outlining further practical benefits of the promotion-based definition, I argue that we still need to distinguish between intentional and unintentional forms of DA since they call for distinct types of remedial action.
Buffered Oxide Etch: A Safer, More Effective Etchant for Additively Manufactured Ti-Alloys
Authors: Dumbre Jayshri , Tong Zherui , Dong Dashen , Qiu Dong , Easton Mark 
Published: June 2024

AbstractKroll’s reagent is effective for the metallographic etching of traditional Ti-alloys but struggles with the intricate, refined microstructures of newer Ti-alloy compositions like Ti-Cu and Ti-Mo alloys, which are created through additive manufacturing. The presence of fine intermetallic compounds in these alloys results in limited contrast between grains and phases when using Kroll’s reagent, highlighting the need for an alternative etchant. This study systematically investigates the use of buffered oxide etch, a common etchant for micro-electronics, on a range of additively manufactured Ti-alloys. The results show that buffered oxide etch provides superior etching outcomes compared to Kroll’s reagent and ammonium bifluoride, with a clear colour contrast between grains and fine phases. Furthermore, ammonium bifluoride with an F− ion concentration similar to 40% buffered oxide etch (5.60 mmol/ml) is found to reveal microstructural details effectively. These findings suggest that the buffered oxide etch is a reliable tint etchant for additively manufactured Ti-alloys, and could potentially be used to etch other additively manufactured alloy systems for metallographic studies. Both these etchants supply F− ions without the low pH, significantly improving safety by removing the need for HF in the etching process.
In Search of a Modus Operandi for Evaluation: Developing a Mixed-Methods Approach for Crisis Team Exercises
Authors: Schütte Patricia M. , Bach Sylvia 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIn recent years, there has been an increase in critical situations such as crisis and disasters in Germany. Due to the country's low-crisis history and the predominance of blue-light organizations like the police and fire departments in managing disasters, these circumstances affect other organizations, such as public administrations, that have had less contact with crisis management, sometimes unexpectedly. This is illustrated by examples such as the refugee situation in 2015/2016 and the COVID-19 pandemic. One way to prepare is through exercises in crisis management and, more specifically, staff work. The demand for these therefore also seems to be increasing in administrations. This article presents an evaluation approach for such exercises based on an example of a staff exercise in Germany. It describes the developed evaluation approach, discusses some exemplary results in relation to the topic of communication and the potential of a partially standardized evaluation. Finally, the article discusses the extent to which a multi-method approach to exercise evaluation, which works with a standard framework but also leaves scope for individual adaptation, contains practical and scientific added values.
MambaNet: A Hybrid Neural Network for Predicting the NBA Playoffs
Authors: Khanmohammadi Reza , Saba-Sadiya Sari , Esfandiarpour Sina , Alhanai Tuka , Ghassemi Mohammad Mahdi 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIn this paper, we present MambaNet: a hybrid neural network for predicting the outcomes of Basketball games. Contrary to other studies, which focus primarily on season games, this study investigates playoff games. MambaNet is a hybrid neural network architecture that processes a time series of teams’ and players’ game statistics and generates the probability of a team winning or losing an NBA playoff match. In our approach, we utilize Feature Imitating Networks to provide latent signal-processing feature representations of game statistics to further process with convolutional, recurrent, and dense neural layers. Three experiments using five different datasets are conducted to evaluate the performance and generalizability of our architecture against a wide range of previous studies. Our final method successfully predicted the AUC from 0.72 to 0.82, beating the best-performing baseline models by a considerable margin.
Algorithm evaluation without autonomy
Authors: Hill Scott 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIn Algorithms & Autonomy, Rubel, Castro, and Pham (hereafter RCP), argue that the concept of autonomy is especially central to understanding important moral problems about algorithms. In particular, autonomy plays a role in analyzing the version of social contract theory that they endorse. I argue that although RCP are largely correct in their diagnosis of what is wrong with the algorithms they consider, those diagnoses can be appropriated by moral theories RCP see as in competition with their autonomy based theory. Most notably, proponents of consequentialism and virtue ethics can appropriate RCPs insights. This is good news because RCP’s social contract theory is vulnerable to a well known class of counterexamples. The most significant contribution of RCP, if I am right, is in their identification, presentation, and evaluation of concrete cases involving algorithms and not in the more controversial claims about theoretical ethics that RCP themselves see as central to what they are doing.
Dissipative Soliton Resonance: Adiabatic Theory and Thermodynamics
Authors: Kalashnikov Vladimir L. , Rudenkov Alexander , Sorokin Evgeni , Sorokina Irina T. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
We present the adiabatic theory of dissipative solitons (DS) of complex cubic-quintic nonlinear Ginzburg–Landau equation (CQGLE). Solutions in the closed analytical form in the spectral domain have the shape of Rayleigh–Jeans distribution for a positive (normal) dispersion. The DS parametric space forms a two-dimensional (or three-dimensional for the complex quintic nonlinearity) master diagram connecting the DS energy and a universal parameter formed by the ratio of four real and imaginary coefficients for dissipative and non-dissipative terms in CQGLE. The concept of dissipative soliton resonance (DSR) is formulated in terms of the master diagram, and the main signatures of transition to DSR are demonstrated and experimentally verified. We show a close analogy between DS and incoherent (semicoherent) solitons with an ensemble of quasi-particles confined by a collective potential. It allows applying the thermodynamical approach to DS and deriving the conditions for the DS energy scalability.