bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adaptive Traits ofRiptortus pedestrisNymphs (Heteroptera: Alydidae) for Locating Host Plants
Authors: Nakajima Yuji , Sakuma Masayuki , Sasaki Rikiya , Fujisaki Kenji 
Published: May 2010

AbstractRiptortus pedestris (F.) (Heteroptera: Alydidae) females oviposit not only on host plants but also on nonhosts, which may impose high costs on nymphs in terms of locomotion energy and time searching for host plants. Therefore, we hypothesized that second-instar nymphs have developed adaptive traits that help them access host plants, because the first feeding stage occurs during the second instar in this bug. We compared responses to the aggregation pheromone, relative leg lengths, and locomotion performance using a servosphere locomotion compensator as tests of physiological, morphometric, and behavioral traits, respectively, among the instars. We also investigated the effects of delayed feeding in the second instar on subsequent survival and development. Our results indicated that second-instar nymphs might have responded more sensitively to synthetic aggregation pheromone than other instars. Morphological measurements showed that second-instar nymphs had the longest relative leg length compared with other instars. The experiment using the servosphere revealed that second-instar nymphs had higher locomotion performance than did older nymphs, which may allow second-instar nymphs to walk a distance comparable to older nymphs, although their body size is much smaller. However, we did find that more than a 48-h delay in feeding after the first-instar molt decreased subsequent survival rates and that a later first-feeding led to a longer developmental period during the second instar. We concluded that R. pedestris nymphs have evolved various adaptive traits to enhance the probability of accessing host plants in response to the costly oviposition habit of adult females that lay eggs on nonhosts.
Embarrassment and the Forms of Redemption
Authors: Kurnick David 
Published: May 2010

Homosexuality is the truth of love.—Gilles Deleuze,Proust and SignsNo one wants to be called a homosexual.—Leo Bersani,HomosThe Tension Between My Epigraphs' Formulations Might be Taken as The Animating Energy of Queer Theory. If the first provides queers with a vision of our sexuality as flatteringly significant, the second insists with punishing concision that this significance resists translation into social equality. More precisely, the two statements could be seen as mutually constitutive: it is the social abjection of the sexually deviant that makes our sexuality interesting, as it is the excessive symbolic interest of our difference that has made us socially volatile. Or at least this has been one guiding assumption of queer theory, which has leveraged some of its most imaginative work by arrogating to queerness a symbolic centrality out of all proportion to queers' acknowledged numbers or to our social power. It is no accident that Leo Bersani articulates the unpleasant reality principle in this little epigraphic debate. His writing is justly famous for its suspicion of the rhetoric of identitarian dignity and for its refusal of conceptual consolations of all kinds; Bersani's habit of accentuating the negative made his work the inevitable reference point forPMLA'sMay 2006 Forum on the “antisocial thesis” in queer theory (Caserio et al.). And yet for all Bersani's insistence on exposing the fantasies of transcendence undergirding our culture and our criticism, his writing is perhaps even more remarkable for the way it has managed to combine that scouring sensibility with a sense of ethical and political promise. Refusing the culture of redemption won't, of course, quite save you. But Bersani's work has always suggested that it could be beneficent (a favorite word of his).
Confocal laser scanning microscopy and Raman imagery of the late Neoproterozoic Chichkan microbiota of South Kazakhstan
Authors: Schopf J. William , Kudryavtsev Anatoliy B. , Sergeev Vladimir N. 
Published: May 2010

Precambrian microbiotas, such as that permineralized in bedded and stromatolitic cherts of the late Neoproterozoic, 750- to 800-Ma-old, Chichkan Formation of South Kazakhstan, have traditionally been studied by optical microscopy only. Such studies, however, are incapable of documenting accurately either the three-dimensional morphology of such fossils or their chemical composition and that of their embedding minerals. As shown here by analyses of fossils of the Chichkan Lagerstätte, the solution to these long-standing problems is provided by two techniques recently introduced to paleontology: confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) and Raman imagery. The two techniques are used together to characterize, in situ and at micron-scale resolution, the cellular and organismal morphology of the thin section-embedded organic-walled Chichkan fossils. In addition, Raman imagery is used to analyze the molecular-structural composition of the carbonaceous fossils and of their embedding mineral matrix, identify the composition of intracellular inclusions, and quantitatively assess the geochemical maturity of the Chichkan organic matter.CLSM and Raman imagery are both broadly applicable to the study of fossils, whether megascopic or microscopic and regardless of mode of preservation, and both are non-intrusive and non-destructive, factors that permit their use for analyses of archived specimens. They are especially useful for the study of microscopic fossils, as is demonstrated in this first in-depth study of diverse taxa of a single Precambrian microbiota for which they provide information in three dimensions at high spatial resolution about their organismal morphology, cellular anatomy, kerogenous composition, mode of preservation, and taphonomy and fidelity of preservation.
Rudists of Tibet and the Tarim Basin, China: Significance to Requieniidae phylogeny
Authors: Scott Robert W. , Wan Xiaqiao , Sha Jingeng , Wen Shi-Xuan 
Published: May 2010

Rudists are a principal biotic component of Cretaceous carbonates in Tibet and in the Western Tarim Basin. Barremian to Maastrichtian carbonate units are widespread on the northern margin of the Indian Plate and in Tethyan tectonic slices that were welded onto Eurasia in successive stages during the Late Cretaceous and Paleogene. In far northwestern Tibet, Barremian-Cenomanian endemic rudists and cosmopolitan orbitolinid foraminifera occupied isolated carbonate platforms in the eastern Tethys. Rudists, corals, and stromatoporoids composed bioherms up to 10 m thick and several kilometers in lateral extent. A unique endemic requieniid rudist,Rutonia, is compared to morphologically similar but older, less derived genera. Associated specimens in this assemblage are indeterminate requieniid valves, monopleurids, and two genera with three radiolitid species that are re-described and taxonomic positions re-evaluated. In southern Tibet, mainly endemic Campanian-Maastrichtian radiolitid rudists and cosmopolitan larger benthic foraminifera contributed to carbonate shelves on the northern Indian Plate near the Cretaceous equator. In the Western Tarim Basin Cenomanian strata yield Tethyan rudist species.Coiling morphometric analysis using the three-dimensional morphology Raup diagram shows that Requieniidae valves in contact with the substrate are convergent with the basic gastropod shell. More derived strongly coiled, younger requieniids were adapted to encrusting or semi-infaunal habits. Stratigraphic analysis confirms that Requieniidae diversity crises coincided with Cretaceous oceanic anoxic eventsTwo end members of valve geometry each appear to be primitive and derived characters respectively and separate the family Requieniidae into two clades that are here recognized as two new subfamilies. The end members are defined by the coiling geometry, whether the spire is close to the plane of commissure or it is translated along the coiling axis and by myophore structures. The older matheroniform clade has a low spirogyrate LV that is translated slightly from the commissure along the coiling axis; this group is composed ofMatheronia(and its subgenusMonnieria),Hypelasma, Lovetchenia, Rutonia, andKugleria.Genera in the younger clade have a tall trochospiral LV that is translated along the coiling axis and consists ofRequienia, Toucasia, Pseudotoucasia, Apricardia, Bayleoidea, andBayleia.Claditics support these relationships.
A Clinical Predictive Model for Catheter Related Bloodstream Infections from the Electronic Medical Record
Authors: Bearman Gonzalo M.L. , Oppenheim Michael I. , Mendonca Eneida A. , Hupert Nathaniel , Behta Maryam , Christos Paul J. , Drusin Lewis M. 
Published: May 2010

Background and Methods:
Previous studies identifying risk factors for catheter related blood stream infections
(BSI) have relied on labor-intensive paper chart review. The electronic medical record (EMR) can provide real-time data
for profiling patients at risk for BSI. Our study’s aim was to use our hospital EMR to identify risk factors and develop a
clinical predictive model for catheter related BSI from June 2001-June 2002. Using a modified CDC definition for BSI,
we retrospectively extracted a number of variables from the EMR data repository including demographics, medications,
nutritional status, presence of diabetes (DM), skin/wound status, use of a mechanical ventilator, and presence of a urinary
catheter or central/arterial/PICC catheter. We developed a Cox Proportional Hazards model using half the cohort (14,977
controls and 123 BSI cases), and validated the model using the other half. Final variables in the multivariate model were
chosen by clinical relevance, significance on univariate analysis and by step-wise automated selection.

Results:
The final model contained: use of antibiotics (HR 4.6), central venous catheter for 0-6 days (HR 1.8), central
venous catheter for greater or equal to 7 days (HR 1.3), tunneled central venous port (HR 9.3) and DM (HR 2.1).
Variables from multivariate analysis were used for the predictive index; points were derived from the respective HR of the
Cox model. A cutoff value that maximized sensitivity (75%) and specificity (89%) had a positive predictive value (PPV)
of .05. This model was validated on the second half of the cohort (122 BSI, 14,977 ‘non-cases’) with resultant sensitivity
of 69%, specificity of 88% and PPV of 0.05. Comparison of the two models revealed no significant differences in the
sensitivity, specificity and PPV.

Conclusion:
We successfully used a hospital-based EMR in developing a Cox Proportional Hazards model for catheter
related BSI. This model was used to derive a predictive index. At a cutoff point providing a sensitivity of 75% and
specificity of 89% for finding patients who develop catheter related BSI, the index had a PPV 0.05. When applied to a
predictive index, real time data gathered from the EMR may assist in identifying patients at risk for a catheter related BSI
and may be further utilized as part of a protocol driven, preventive strategy for catheter related BSI risk reduction.
Verification of Multiplication Facts: An Investigation Using Retrospective Protocols
Authors: Romero Stephen G. , Rickard Timothy C. , Bourne Lyle E. 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
Retrospective verbal protocols collected throughout participants’ performance of a multiplication verification task (e.g., "7 × 3 = 28, true or false?") documented a number of different strategies and changes in strategy use across different problem categories used for this common experimental task. Correct answer retrieval and comparison to the candidate answer was the modal but not the only strategy reported. Experiment 1 results supported the use of a calculation algorithm on some trials and the use of the difference between the candidate and correct answers (i.e., split) on others. Experiment 2 clearly demonstrated that participants sometimes bypassed retrieval by relying on the split information. Implications for mental arithmetic theories and the general efficacy of retrospective protocols are discussed.
Personality Characteristics Associated with Susceptibility to False Memories
Authors: Frost Peter , Sparrow Sarah , Barry Jennifer 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
This study examined whether certain personality characteristics are associated with susceptibility to false memories. Participants first answered questions from the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator in order to measure various personality characteristics. They then watched a video excerpt, the simulated eyewitness event. They were next encouraged to lie about the videotaped event during an interview. A week later, some participants recognized confabulated events as being from the video. Two personality characteristics in particular--the introversion-extroversion and thinking-feeling dimensions--were associated with susceptibility to false memories.
The Effect of Forced Recall on Illusory Recollection in Younger and Older Adults
Authors: Meade Michelle L. , Roediger Henry L. 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
The effect of an initial forced recall test on later recall and recognition tests was examined in younger and older adults. Subjects were presented with categorized word lists and given an initial test under standard cued recall instructions (with a warning against guessing) or forced recall instructions (that required guessing); subjects were later given a cued recall test for the original list items. In 2 experiments, initial forced recall resulted in higher levels of illusory memories on subsequent tests (relative to initial cued recall), especially for older adults. Older adults were more likely to say they remembered rather than knew that forced guesses had occurred in the original study episode. The effect persisted despite a strong warning against making errors in Experiment 2. When a source monitoring test was given, older adults had more difficulty than younger adults in identifying the source of items they had originally produced as guesses. If conditions encourage subjects to guess on a first memory test, they are likely to recollect these guesses as actual memories on later tests. This effect is exaggerated in older adults, probably because of their greater source monitoring difficulties. Both dual process and source monitoring theories provide insight into these findings.
Cognitive Processes Involved in Blame and Blame-like Judgments and in Forgiveness and Forgiveness-like Judgments
Authors: Mullet Etienne , Rivière Sheila , Sastre María Teresa Muñoz 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
Experiment 1 compared the cognitive processes involved in blame and forgiveness judgments under identical experimental conditions. Experiment 2 was a replication of Experiment 1 with 4 judgment scales: willingness to prosecute, willingness to avenge, resentment level, and willingness to make up. Participants were presented with 32 scenarios in which a doctor made a medical error. These situations contained 5 items: the degree of proximity with the doctor (e.g., a family doctor known since childhood), the degree of negligence, the severity of consequences, apologies or contrition, and cancellation of consequences. Functional cognitive analysis grouped judgments into 2 categories: blame-like judgments (blame, prosecution, and revenge) and forgiveness-like judgments (resentment, forgiveness, and reconciliation). Blame-like judgments were characterized by additive integration rules, with negligence followed by apologies as the 2 main cues. Forgiveness-like judgments were characterized by an interactive integration rule, with apologies followed by negligence as the 2 main cues.
Aesthetic Preferences for the Unity Ratio Resist the Influence of Color Illusions
Authors: Davis Susan T. 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
The addition of color produces an extension of previous research examining aesthetic preferences for proportional relationships. To date, most favored preferences have been for the unity (1:1) and golden section (1.618:1) ratios. Two experiments examined preferences in and assessed the accuracy of area judgments for divided figures that varied in saturation contrast and were presumed to present a complementary color illusion. Regardless of colors, saturation contrast, direction of division, or area-to-area ratio, participants were accurate in locating the boundary between the two areas of the divided figure, and preferences for the unity ratio dominated as the most preferred ratio. There was no notable interest in the golden section ratio. Looking at the world through colored glasses seems not to interfere with a preference for symmetry, as produced by the unity ratio.
Exclusion Failure Does Not Demonstrate Unconscious Perception
Authors: Fisk Gary D. , Haase Steven J. 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
Elevations in exclusion error rates (i.e., responding with the target stimulus despite instructions to the contrary) in experiments with masked, briefly presented stimuli have been attributed to unconscious perception. The present studies tested the validity of exclusion methods for studying unconscious perception. Experiment 1 replicated Merikle, Joordens, and Stolz (1995; Experiment 1) by showing more exclusion errors (exclusion failure) for masked word stimuli in a stem completion task. However, this experiment did not replicate the finding of fewer exclusion errors (exclusion success) at long stimulus durations. Experiments 2 and 3 showed that exclusion errors are accompanied by significant discrimination sensitivity to the target stimulus, which suggests conscious perception of the target stimulus. Experiments 3 and 4 demonstrated that the exclusion errors obtained from stem completion tasks depend in part on the exclusion method. Altogether, elevated exclusion failure does not provide an unambiguous demonstration of unconscious perception.
Suppression of Intrusive Thoughts and Working Memory Capacity in Repressive Coping
Authors: Geraerts Elke , Merckelbach Harald , Jelicic Marko , Habets Petra 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
Previous research using a thought suppression paradigm found that repressors are more skilled in suppressing anxious autobiographical thoughts than low anxious, high anxious, and defensive high anxious people. Another line of research showed that individual differences in working memory capacity are related to the ability to intentionally suppress intrusive thoughts. This study aimed at combining these findings and sought to investigate whether repressors’ superior ability to suppress intrusive thoughts is related to a larger working memory capacity. Results indicate that in a thought suppression paradigm, repressors report fewer intrusive thoughts for their most anxious experiences than participants in the 3 other subgroups. Furthermore, the superior ability of repressors to avoid intrusive thoughts can be explained largely by their higher working memory capacity.
Nostalgia and the Emotional Tone and Content of Song Lyrics
Authors: Batcho Krystine Irene 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
Emotion and topic were manipulated in original song lyrics. Participants completed Batcho’s (1995) and Holbrook’s (1993) nostalgia surveys and rated 6 sets of lyrics for happiness, sadness, anger, nostalgia, meaning, liking, and relevance. Nostalgic lyrics were characterized by bittersweet reverie, loss of the past, identity, and meaning. Contrary to theories linking nostalgia to pathology, participants who scored high on Batcho’s measure of personal nostalgia preferred happy lyrics, found them more meaningful, and related more closely to them. Consistent with theories relating nostalgia to social connectedness, high-nostalgia respondents preferred other-directed to solitary themes. Historical nostalgia was associated with relating more closely to sad lyrics.
An Individual Difference Analysis of False Recognition
Authors: Salthouse Timothy A. , Siedlecki Karen L. 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
Two studies with moderately large samples of participants were conducted to examine correlates of false recognition. In Experiment 1 false recognition of words was found to be a robust and reliable phenomenon at the level of individuals, and the tendency to classify critical lures as old was more closely related to the correct classification of old items as old than to the incorrect classification of unrelated new items as old. False recognition was not significantly related to any of the cognitive abilities that were assessed, including episodic memory, or to other factors such as personality and chronic mood. In Experiment 2 these findings were extended to include dot pattern and face stimuli. Although measures of veridical memory were significantly correlated across the different types of stimulus material, false recognition rates only had modest and generally not significant correlations, which suggests that the tendency to produce false recognitions may be a task-specific characteristic of individuals.
Retelling Urban Legends
Authors: Tree Jean E. Fox , Weldon Mary Susan 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
We explored factors influencing the retelling of urban legends. As predicted by prior work, people retold truthful and scary stories. But people also retold well-known stories. This contrasts with the expectation that people would not pass on a story that everyone already knew. Also as predicted by prior work, repeating a story increased its credibility. But repeating also increased a story’s importance, scariness, and likelihood of retelling. In general, contextualizing a story and increasing the number of details did not affect the likelihood of retelling a story. The exception was that details increased the likelihood of retelling a newly heard story. However, if people read a story with context or details, more contextual elements and details were included in their retellings. At the same time, people confabulated details to an equal degree no matter what type of embellishments they had read.
Understanding Cognitive Failures: What’s Dissociation Got to Do with It?
Authors: Bruce Amanda Schurle , Ray William J. , Carlson Richard A. 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
Intuitively, cognitive failures and dissociation seem to encompass overlapping mental phenomena. This study used a large sample to examine the nature of the relationship between these constructs. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analyses were performed on the Cognitive Failures Questionnaire (CFQ). The single factor resulting from the EFA of the CFQ correlated significantly with all factors from the Dissociative Experiences Scale (DES). A conjoint item-level factor analysis using all items from both measures was performed, and two factors resulted. The first included all items from the CFQ and appeared to describe an absorption-like phenomenon. The second factor’s highest positively loading items assessed more pathological forms of dissociation. Based on our results, we conclude that the CFQ and DES are assessing similar cognitive processes and that cognitive failures, as measured by the CFQ, overlap with nonpathological dissociation.
Object Superiority as a Function of Object Coherence and Task Difficulty
Authors: Loverock David S. 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
This study addressed the view that object superiority depends on the informativeness or task relevance of particular contexts. It was hypothesized that target search is facilitated to the extent that global properties of a complex stimulus provide informative cues to target location. Results of Experiments 1 and 2 showed that when the target appeared at variable relative positions it was identified better in a coherent context than in an incoherent one. Because the coherent context was presumed to contain informative global cues to location, the results confirmed the hypothesis. Experiment 2 also indicated that when only informative local properties were available, search was facilitated, albeit to a lesser extent than when global properties were available. Overall, the results extend the informativeness view of object superiority effects.