bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ectomycorrhizal fungi alter soil food webs and the functional potential of bacterial communities
Authors: Berrios Louis , Bogar Glade D. , Bogar Laura M. , Venturini Andressa M. , Willing Claire E. , Del Rio Anastacia , Ansell T. Bertie , Zemaitis Kevin , Velickovic Marija , Velickovic Dusan , Pellitier Peter T. , Yeam Jay , Hutchinson Chelsea , Bloodsworth Kent , Lipton Mary S. , Peay Kabir G. 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT

Most of Earth’s trees rely on critical soil nutrients that ectomycorrhizal fungi (EcMF) liberate and provide, and all of Earth’s land plants associate with bacteria that help them survive in nature. Yet, our understanding of how the presence of EcMF modifies soil bacterial communities, soil food webs, and root chemistry requires direct experimental evidence to comprehend the effects that EcMF may generate in the belowground plant microbiome. To this end, we grew
Pinus muricata
plants in soils that were either inoculated with EcMF and native forest bacterial communities or only native bacterial communities. We then profiled the soil bacterial communities, applied metabolomics and lipidomics, and linked omics data sets to understand how the presence of EcMF modifies belowground biogeochemistry, bacterial community structure, and their functional potential. We found that the presence of EcMF (i) enriches soil bacteria linked to enhanced plant growth in nature, (ii) alters the quantity and composition of lipid and non-lipid soil metabolites, and (iii) modifies plant root chemistry toward pathogen suppression, enzymatic conservation, and reactive oxygen species scavenging. Using this multi-omic approach, we therefore show that this widespread fungal symbiosis may be a common factor for structuring soil food webs.

IMPORTANCE
Understanding how soil microbes interact with one another and their host plant will help us combat the negative effects that climate change has on terrestrial ecosystems. Unfortunately, we lack a clear understanding of how the presence of ectomycorrhizal fungi (EcMF)—one of the most dominant soil microbial groups on Earth—shapes belowground organic resources and the composition of bacterial communities. To address this knowledge gap, we profiled lipid and non-lipid metabolites in soils and plant roots, characterized soil bacterial communities, and compared soils amended either with or without EcMF. Our results show that the presence of EcMF changes soil organic resource availability, impacts the proliferation of different bacterial communities (in terms of both type and potential function), and primes plant root chemistry for pathogen suppression and energy conservation. Our findings therefore provide much-needed insight into how two of the most dominant soil microbial groups interact with one another and with their host plant.
Supplemental Material: Insights into the Phanerozoic evolution of the São Francisco Craton based on detrital zircon thermochronology and U-Pb-Hf geochronology
Authors: Dias Airton N.C. , al. et 
Published: May 2024

<p>Table S1: Stratigraphic unit, coordinates, and lithological information from collected samples. Table S2: Detailed zircon fission-track thermochronology and U-Pb detrital zircon data from samples obtained by LA-ICP-MS from São Francisco Craton and Brasilia and Araçuaí belts. Table S3: U-Pb detrital zircon data from samples obtained by the LA-ICP-MS method. Table S4: Lu-Hf zircon data from the southern São Francisco Craton. </p>
Study protocol for assessment of the efficacy of calcium dobesilate versus placebo on SARS-CoV-2 viral load in outpatients with COVID-19 (CADOVID study): a randomised, placebo-controlled, double-blind, monocentric phase II trial
Authors: Salamun Julien , Da Silva Tamara , Ustero Pilar , Gosmain Yvan , Guessous Idris , Calmy Alexandra , Spechbach Herve 
Published: May 2024

IntroductionSARS-CoV-2 mainly infects respiratory endothelial cells, which is facilitated through its spike protein binding to heparan sulphate. Calcium dobesilate (CaD) is a well-established, widely available vasoactive and angioprotective drug interacting with heparan sulphate, with the potential to interfere with the uptake of SARS-CoV-2 by epithelial cells. The CADOVID trial aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of CaD in reducing the SARS-CoV-2 viral load in non-hospitalised adult patients diagnosed with COVID-19, confirmed by a positive SARS-CoV-2 PCR, including its efficacy to reduce the impact of persistent COVID-19 symptoms.Methods and analysisThis is a randomised, placebo-controlled, double-blind, monocentric phase II trial. Enrolment began in July 2022. A total of 74 adult patients will be randomly allocated to the CaD arm or the placebo group with a 1:1 ratio, respectively. Participants in the intervention arm will receive two capsules of CaD 500 mg two times per day and the placebo arm will receive two matching capsules of mannitol 312.5 mg two times per day, with a treatment period of 7 days for both arms, followed by a 77-day observational period without treatment administration. Participants will be asked to complete secured online questionnaires using their personal smartphone or other electronic device. These include a COVID-19 questionnaire (assessing symptoms, temperature measurement, reporting of concomitant medication and adverse events), a COVID-19 persistent symptoms’ questionnaire and the Short Form 12-Item (SF-12) survey. SARS-CoV-2 PCR testing will be performed on nasopharyngeal swabs collected on days 1, 4, 8 and 21. The primary endpoint is the reduction from baseline of SARS-CoV-2 viral load determined by RT-PCR at day 4.Ethics and disseminationThis trial has received approval by the Geneva Regional Research Ethics Committee (2022-00613) and Swissmedic (701339). Dissemination of results will be through presentations at scientific conferences and publication in scientific journals.Trial registration numberNCT05305508; Clinicaltrials.gov; Swiss National Clinical Portal Registry (SNCTP 000004938).
Patient, caregiver and other knowledge user engagement in consensus-building healthcare initiatives: a scoping review protocol
Authors: Munce Sarah E. P. , Wong Elliott , Luong Dorothy , Rao Justin , Cunningham Jessie , Bailey Katherine , John Tomisin , Barber Claire , Batthish Michelle , Chambers Kyle , Cleverley Kristin , Crabtree Marilyn , Diaz Sanober , Dimitropoulos Gina , Gorter Jan Willem , Grahovac Danijela , Grimes Ruth , Guttman Beverly , Hébert Michèle L , Henze Megan , Higgins Amanda , Khodyakov Dmitry , Li Elaine , Lo Lisha , Macgregor Laura , Mooney Sarah , Severino Samadhi Mora , Mukerji Geetha , Penner Melanie , Pidduck Jacklynn , Shulman Rayzel , Stromquist Lisa , Trbovich Patricia , Wan Michelle , Williams Laura , Yates Darryl , Toulany Alene 
Published: May 2024

IntroductionPatient engagement and integrated knowledge translation (iKT) processes improve health outcomes and care experiences through meaningful partnerships in consensus-building initiatives and research. Consensus-building is essential for engaging a diverse group of experienced knowledge users in co-developing and supporting a solution where none readily exists or is less optimal. Patients and caregivers provide invaluable insights for building consensus in decision-making around healthcare, policy and research. However, despite emerging evidence, patient engagement remains sparse within consensus-building initiatives. Specifically, our research has identified a lack of opportunity for youth living with chronic health conditions and their caregivers to participate in developing consensus on indicators/benchmarks for transition into adult care. To bridge this gap and inform our consensus-building approach with youth/caregivers, this scoping review will synthesise the extent of the literature on patient and other knowledge user engagement in consensus-building healthcare initiatives.Methods and analysisFollowing the scoping review methodology from Joanna Briggs Institute, published literature will be searched in MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL and PsycINFO databases from inception to July 2023. Grey literature will be hand-searched. Two independent reviewers will determine the eligibility of articles in a two-stage process, with disagreements resolved by a third reviewer. Included studies must be consensus-building studies within the healthcare context that involve patient engagement strategies. Data from eligible studies will be extracted and charted on a standardised form. Abstracted data will be analysed quantitatively and descriptively, according to specific consensus methodologies, and patient engagement models and/or strategies.Ethics and disseminationEthics approval is not required for this scoping review protocol. The review process and findings will be shared with and informed by relevant knowledge users. Dissemination of findings will also include peer-reviewed publications and conference presentations. The results will offer new insights for supporting patient engagement in consensus-building healthcare initiatives.Protocol registrationhttps://osf.io/beqjr
Immediate versus delayed single blastocyst transfer following the first stimulated IVF cycle in the freeze-all strategy: a study protocol for a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Li He , Zhang Wenbi , Chen Junling , Lu Xiang , Li Lu , Sun Xiaoxi , Ng Ernest HY 
Published: May 2024

IntroductionIn recent years, the use of frozen embryo transfers (FET) has rapidly increased following the freeze-all strategy due to the advantages of increased maternal safety, improved pregnancy rates, lower ectopic pregnancy rates and better obstetric and neonatal outcomes. Currently, there is still no good scientific evidence to support when to perform FET following a stimulated in vitro fertilisation (IVF) cycle in the freeze-all strategy.Methods/analysisThis will be a randomised controlled trial. A total of 828 women undergoing their first FET following their first stimulated IVF cycle in the freeze-all strategy will be enrolled and randomised into one of the following groups according to a computer-generated randomisation list: (1) the immediate group, in which FET will be performed in the first menstrual cycle following the stimulated IVF cycle; or (2) the delayed group, in which FET will be performed at least in the second menstrual cycle following the stimulated IVF cycle. The primary outcome will be live birth, which is defined as the delivery of any infants at ≥22 gestational weeks with heartbeat and breath.Ethics/disseminationEthical approval was granted by the Ethics Committee of Assisted Reproductive Medicine at the Shanghai JiAi Genetics & IVF Institute (JIAI E2019-15). Written informed consent will be obtained from each woman before any study procedure is performed, according to good clinical practice. The results of this trial will be disseminated in a peer-reviewed journal.Trial registration numberNCT04371783
Wildfire, deforestation and health in tropical rainforest areas: a scoping review protocol
Authors: Casais Gustavo , Guimarães Nathalia Sernizon , Cortes Taísa Rodrigues , Pescarini Julia , Rebouças de Magalhães Poliana , Wells Valerie , de Sousa Filho José Firmino , Delgado Neves Danielson Jorge , Shimonovich Michal , Olsen Jonathan R , de Carvalho Neto Edgar Marcelino , Cooper Philip , Katikireddi Srinivasa Vittal , Emanuel Lucas , Andrade Roberto F S , Ferreira dos Santos Gervasio , Barreto Mauricio L 
Published: May 2024

IntroductionWildfires and deforestation potentially have direct effects on multiple health outcomes as well as indirect consequences for climate change. Tropical rainforest areas are characterised by high rainfall, humidity and temperature, and they are predominantly found in low-income and middle-income countries. This study aims to synthesise the methods, data and health outcomes reported in scientific papers on wildfires and deforestation in these locations.Methods and analysisWe will carry out a scoping review according to the Joanna Briggs Institute’s (JBI) manual for scoping reviews and the framework proposed by Arksey and O’Malley, and Levacet al. The search for articles was performed on 18 August 2023, in 16 electronic databases using Medical Subject Headings terms and adaptations for each database from database inception. The search for local studies will be complemented by the manual search in the list of references of the studies selected to compose this review. We screened studies written in English, French, Portuguese and Spanish. We included quantitative studies assessing any human disease outcome, hospitalisation and vital statistics in regions of tropical rainforest. We exclude qualitative studies and quantitative studies whose outcomes do not cover those of interest. The text screening was done by two independent reviewers. Subsequently, we will tabulate the data by the origin of the data source used, the methods and the main findings on health impacts of the extracted data. The results will provide descriptive statistics, along with visual representations in diagrams and tables, complemented by narrative summaries as detailed in the JBI guidelines.Ethics and disseminationThe study does not require an ethical review as it is meta-research and uses published, deidentified secondary data sources. The submission of results for publication in a peer-reviewed journal and presentation at scientific and policymakers’ conferences is expected.Study registrationOpen Science Framework (https://osf.io/pnqc7/).
Infection control practices in public sector hospitals of Punjab: a critical analysis
Authors: Ehsan Ayesha , Ehsan Fatima , Hanif Hamad 
Published: May 2024

IntroductionInfection prevention and control (IPC) is imperative towards patient safety and health. The Infection Prevention and Control Assessment Framework (IPCAF) developed by WHO provides a baseline assessment at the acute healthcare facility level. This study aimed to assess the existing IPC level of selected public sector hospital facilities in Punjab to explore their strengths and deficits.MethodsBetween October and April 2023, 11 public sector hospitals (including tertiary, secondary and primary level care) were selected. Data were collected using the IPCAF assessment tool comprising eight sections, which were then categorised into four distinct IPC levels– inadequate, basic, intermediate and advanced. Key performance metrics were summarised within and between hospitals.ResultsThe overall median IPCAF score for the public sector hospitals was 532.5 (IQR: 292.5–690) out of 800. Four hospitals each scored ‘advanced’ as well as ‘basic’ IPC level and three hospitals fell into ‘intermediate level’. Most hospitals had IPC guidelines as well as IPC programme, environments, materials and equipments. Although 90% of secondary care hospitals had IPC education and training, only 2 out of 5 (40%) tertiary care and 2 out of 3 (67%) primary care hospitals have IPC or additional experts for training. Only 1 out of 5 tertiary care hospitals (20%) were recorded in an agreed ratio of healthcare workers to patients while 2 out of 5 (40%) of these hospitals lack staffing need assessment.ConclusionOverall the sampled public sector (tertiary, secondary and primary) hospitals demonstrated satisfactory IPC level. Challenging areas are the healthcare-associated infection surveillance, monitoring/audit and staffing, bed occupancy overall in all the three categories of hospitals. Periodic training and assessment can facilitate improvement in public sector systems.
Effect of interventions to improve safety culture on healthcare workers in hospital settings: a systematic review of the international literature
Authors: Finn Mairead , Walsh Aisling , Rafter Natasha , Mellon Lisa , Chong Hui Yi , Naji Abdullah , O'Brien Niall , Williams David J , McCarthy Siobhan Eithne 
Published: May 2024

BackgroundIn an era of safety systems, hospital interventions to build a culture of safety deliver organisational learning methodologies for staff. Their benefits to hospital staff are unknown. We examined the literature for evidence of staff outcomes. Research questions were: (1) how is safety culture defined in studies with interventions that aim to enhance it?; (2) what effects do interventions to improve safety culture have on hospital staff?; (3) what intervention features explain these effects? and (4) what staff outcomes and experiences are identified?Methods and analysisWe conducted a mixed-methods systematic review of published literature using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. The search was conducted in MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, Health Business Elite and Scopus. We adopted a convergent approach to synthesis and integration. Identified intervention and staff outcomes were categorised thematically and combined with available data on measures and effects.ResultsWe identified 42 articles for inclusion. Safety culture outcomes were most prominent under the themes of leadership and teamwork. Specific benefits for staff included increased stress recognition and job satisfaction, reduced emotional exhaustion, burnout and turnover, and improvements to working conditions. Effects were documented for interventions with longer time scales, strong institutional support and comprehensive theory-informed designs situated within specific units.DiscussionThis review contributes to international evidence on how interventions to improve safety culture may benefit hospital staff and how they can be designed and implemented. A focus on staff outcomes includes staff perceptions and behavioursas part ofa safety culture and staff experiencesresulting froma safety culture. The results generated by a small number of articles varied in quality and effect, and the review focused only on hospital staff. There is merit in using the concept of safety culture as a lens to understand staff experience in a complex healthcare system.
Golf cart injuries have similar severity to all-terrain vehicle injuries in children: a multicenter comparison over a 5-year period
Authors: Chang Henry L , Yorkgitis Brian K , Armstrong Lindsey B , Thatch Keith A , Plumley Donald A , Petroze Robin T , Larson Shawn D , Fitzwater John W , Lao Oliver B , Markley Michele A , Fischer Anne , Pedroso Felipe , Neville Holly L , Snyder Christopher W 
Published: May 2024

BackgroundGolf carts (GCs) and all-terrain vehicles (ATVs) are popular forms of personal transport. Although ATVs are considered adventurous and dangerous, GCs are perceived to be safer. Anecdotal experience suggests increasing numbers of both GC and ATV injuries, as well as high severity of GC injuries in children. This multicenter study examined GC and ATV injuries and compared their injury patterns, resource utilization, and outcomes.MethodsPediatric trauma centers in Florida submitted trauma registry patients age <16 years from January 2016 to June 2021. Patients with GC or ATV mechanisms were identified. Temporal trends were evaluated. Injury patterns, resource utilization, and outcomes for GCs and ATVs were compared. Intensive care unit admission and immediate surgery needs were compared using multivariable logistic regression.ResultsWe identified 179 GC and 496 ATV injuries from 10 trauma centers. GC and ATV injuries both increased during the study period (R20.4286, 0.5946, respectively). GC patients were younger (median 11 vs 12 years, p=0.003) and had more intracranial injuries (34% vs 19%, p<0.0001). Overall Injury Severity Score (5 vs 5, p=0.27), intensive care unit (ICU) admission (20% vs 16%, p=0.24), immediate surgery (11% vs 11%, p=0.96), and mortality (1.7% vs 1.4%, p=0.72) were similar for GCs and ATVs, respectively. The risk of ICU admission (OR 1.19, 95% CI 0.74 to 1.93, p=0.47) and immediate surgery (OR 1.04, 95% CI 0.58 to 1.84, p=0.90) remained similar on multivariable logistic regression.ConclusionsDuring the study period, GC and ATV injuries increased. Despite their innocuous perception, GCs had a similar injury burden to ATVs. Heightened safety measures for GCs should be considered.Level of evidenceIII, prognostic/epidemiological.
Direct high-precision measurement of the mass difference of $$^{77}$$As–$$^{77}$$Se related to neutrino mass determination
Authors: Ge Z. , Eronen T. , Ramalho M. , de Roubin A. , Nesterenko D. A. , Kankainen A. , Beliuskina O. , de Groote R. , Geldhof S. , Gins W. , Hukkanen M. , Jokinen A. , Koszorús Á. , Kotila J. , Kostensalo J. , Moore I. D. , Pirinen P. , Raggio A. , Rinta-Antila S. , Sevestrean V. A. , Suhonen J. , Virtanen V. , Zadvornaya A. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe first direct determination of the ground-state-to-ground-state $${\beta ^{-}}$$

β
-

-decay Q-value of $$^{77}$$

77

As to $$^{77}$$

77

Se was performed by measuring their atomic mass difference utilizing the double Penning trap mass spectrometer, JYFLTRAP. The resulting Q-value is 684.463(70) keV, representing a remarkable 24-fold improvement in precision compared to the value reported in the most recent Atomic Mass Evaluation (AME2020). With the significant reduction of the uncertainty of the ground-state-to-ground-state Q-value and knowledge of the excitation energies in $$^{77}$$

77

Se from $$\gamma $$
γ
-ray spectroscopy, the ground-state-to-excited-state Q-value of the transition $$^{77}$$

77

As (3/2$$^{-}$$

-

, ground state) $$\rightarrow $$
→
$$^{77}$$

77

Se$$^{*}$$

∗

(5/2$$^{+}$$

+

, 680.1035(17) keV) was refined to be 4.360(70) keV. We confirm that this potential low Q-value $${\beta ^{-}}$$

β
-

-decay transition for neutrino mass determination is energetically allowed at a confidence level of about 60$$\sigma $$
σ
. Nuclear shell-model calculations with two well-established effective Hamiltonians were used to estimate the partial half-life for the low Q-value transition. The half-life was found to be of the order of 10$$^{9}$$

9

years for this first-forbidden non-unique transition. Since the half-life of $$^{77}$$

77

As is only $$\approx $$
≈
2 days, usage of it as source for rare-event experiments searching for the electron antineutrino mass would be challenging.
NNLO+PS predictions for Higgs production through bottom-quark annihilation with MINNLO$$\varvec{_{\text {PS}}}$$
Authors: Biello Christian , Sankar Aparna , Wiesemann Marius , Zanderighi Giulia 
Published: May 2024

AbstractWe consider Higgs production through bottom-quark annihilation at hadron colliders and we calculate next-to-next-to-leading-order (NNLO) corrections in QCD perturbation theory matched to parton showers (NNLO+PS). To this end, we have adapted the MINNLO$$\varvec{_{\text {PS}}}$$

PS

method to account for the extra scale dependence induced by an overall Yukawa coupling that is $$\overline{\textrm{MS}}$$

MS
¯

renormalized. We compare our results against state-of-the-art fixed-order predictions at NNLO as well as resummed predictions at next-to-next-to-leading-logarithmic (NNLL) accuracy.