bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Critical Analysis of Membranes toward Sustainable and Efficient Vanadium Redox Flow Batteries
Authors: Ye Jiaye , Xia Lu , Li Huiyun , de Arquer F. Pelayo García , Wang Hongxia 
Published: May 2024

AbstractVanadium redox flow batteries (VRFB) are a promising technology for large‐scale storage of electrical energy, combining safety, high capacity, ease of scalability, and prolonged durability; features which have triggered their early commercial implementation. Furthering the deployment of VRFB technologies requires addressing challenges associated to a pivotal component: the membrane. Examples include vanadium crossover, insufficient conductivity, escalated costs, and sustainability concerns related to the widespread adoption of perfluoroalkyl‐based membranes, e.g., perfluorosulfonic acid (PFSA). Herein, recent advances in high‐performance and sustainable membranes for VRFB, offering insights into prospective research directions to overcome these challenges, are reviewed. The analysis reveals the disparities and trade‐offs between performance advances enabled by PFSA membranes and composites, and the lack of sustainability in their final applications. The potential of PFSA‐free membranes and present strategies to enhance their performance are discussed. This study delves into vital membrane parameters to enhance battery performance, suggesting protocols and design strategies to achieve high‐performance and sustainable VRFB membranes.
Super Black Coating on the Commercial Black Anodized Al(6061) by Direct and Scalable CVD–Growth of Carbon Nanofibers
Authors: Truong Thuy – Kieu , Yuk Geun Tak , Kim Joong Bae , Youn Hongseok , Rho Jinsung 
Published: May 2024

AbstractUsing carbon‐based super black coatings on optical devices can achieve superior stray light suppression for applications in astronomy. For the first time, the work presents carbon nanofiber‐based black coating on commercial anodized Al(6061), which facilitates the development of a highly effective route to directly integrate the carbon‐based material on the common substrate for optical baffles. The scalable and available structural engineering effect is synergized with the anodized Al(6061) coating with black dye composed of nickel catalyst and the intrinsic broadband light absorption of the CVD‐grown carbon material to ultimately achieve a superior broadband light absorber. Nickel catalysts embedded in anodized Al(6061) offer a practical pathway for carbon nanofiber growth through CVD without additional stacked catalysts. The CVD‐growing mechanism and CNF nanostructures are demonstrated through TEM and EDS element mapping, SEM, and Raman spectroscopy. CNF‐grown Al(6061) substrates offer above 99% broadband light absorption and low light reflectance below 1% in UV–vis–NIR and mid–IR ranges. This facile approach has been useful for super black coating on Al(6061)‐based complicated sculptures, such as concave substrate and an optical baffle. These results have demonstrated a facile method that can significantly impact the industrial scaling‐up of high‐quality, super‐black coating on spaceborne devices.
Insights into Atomic Level π‐Electron Modulations in Supramolecular Carbon Nitride Nanoarchitectonics for Sustainable Green Hydrogen Production
Authors: Panangattu Dharmarajan Nithinraj , Fawaz Mohammed , Sathish CI , Talapaneni Siddulu Naidu , Ramadass Kavitha , Sadanandan Aathira M. , Ta Xuan Minh Chau , Huš Matej , Perumalsamy Vibin , Tricoli Antonio , Likozar Blaž , Jeon Chung‐Hwan , Yang Jae‐Hun , Vinu Ajayan 
Published: May 2024

AbstractCarbon nitrides, metal‐free semiconducting materials, have unique molecular structure and semiconducting properties which have inspired researchers to utilize them as photocatalysts for the sustainable production of hydrogen. However, they suffer from a few drawbacks including fast charge‐carrier recombination rate and low charge transfer efficiency owing to their amorphous and less conducting wall structure which remain as significant challenge for achieving breakthrough in photocatalytic water splitting. Herein, the study reports a supramolecular approach of coupling thiourea and trimesic acid for designing highly efficient C‐doped carbon nitride photocatalysts in which the π‐electron density is precisely manipulated. The developed C‐doped carbon nitride demonstrates the fine‐tuned band positions, the mitigated electron–hole recombination, and enhanced conductivity, resulting in the facilitation of significantly enhanced hydrogen generation through the photocatalytic water splitting under the solar‐simulated light. The position and distribution of C‐doping in the carbon nitride framework are characterized by using advanced analytical techniques such as X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, near‐edge X‐ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy, and electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy together with the first‐principles studies of the electronic structure and energetics of doping. The remarkable increase in photocatalytic hydrogen generation by using developed C‐doped carbon nitride brings one step closer to achieving a green hydrogen economy.
A new TGF‐β risk score predicts clinical and immune landscape in colorectal cancer patients
Authors: Tang Bing , Liu Binggang , Zeng Zhiyao 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundAberrant TGF‐β signaling pathway can lead to invasive phenotype of colorectal cancer (CRC), resulting in poor prognosis. It is pivotal to develop an effective prognostic factor on the basis of TGF‐β‐related genes to accurately identify risk of CRC patients.MethodsWe performed differential analysis of TGF‐β‐related genes in CRC patients from databases and previous literature to obtain TGF‐β‐related differentially expressed genes (TRDEGs). LASSO‐Cox regression was utilized to build a CRC prognostic feature model based on TRDEGs. The model was validated using two GEO validation sets. Wilcoxon rank‐sum test was utilized to test correlation of model with clinical factors. ESTIMATE algorithm and ssGSEA and tumor mutation burden (TMB) analysis were used to analyze immune landscape and mutation burden of high‐risk (HR) and low‐risk (LR) groups. CellMiner database was utilized to identify therapeutic drugs with high sensitivity to the feature genes.ResultsWe established a six‐gene risk prognostic model with good predictive accuracy, which independently predicted CRC patients' prognoses. The HR group was more likely to experience immunotherapy benefits due to higher immune infiltration and TMB. The feature gene TGFB2 could inhibit the efficacy of drugs such as XAV‐939, Staurosporine, and Dasatinib, but promote the efficacy of drugs such as CUDC‐305 and by‐product of CUDC‐305. Similarly, RBL1 could inhibit the drug action of Fluphenazine and Imiquimod but promote that of Irofulven.ConclusionA CRC risk prognostic signature was developed on basis of TGF‐β‐related genes, which provides a reference for risk and further therapeutic selection of CRC patients.
Efficient Synthesis of Dihydropyrans via Copper‐Catalyzed Dehydrogenative Oxidation and Hetero‐Diels‐Alder Reactions
Authors: Li Haofan , Chen Zhiliang , Du Yu , Su Weiping 
Published: May 2024

AbstractHydrogenated pyrans are prevalent structural units existed in many biologically active compounds, capturing the attention of pharmacologists due to their potential therapeutic applications. Among various synthetic routes, the hetero‐Diels‐Alder (HDA) reaction stands out as a common and effective approach. The objective of this study was to employ HDA reaction in conjunction with the dehydrogenative oxidation strategy for saturated ketones to synthesize hydrogenated pyran compounds. Through systematic screening and optimization of reaction conditions, a convenient approach for the synthesis of multi‐substituted 2,3‐dihydro‐4H‐pyran compounds has been developed. Furthermore, a detailed mechanistic investigation has been performed to get a deep understanding of the reaction.
Synthesis and Studies of Meso‐Triaryl Trithiapentaphyrin(2.2.1.1.1)s
Authors: Tiwari Shubham , Ravikanth Mangalampalli 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThree examples of meso‐triaryl trithiapentaphyrin(2.2.1.1.1)s 1–3 (Figure 1) that contains three thiophenes and two pyrrole rings connected via seven meso‐carbons were synthesized by condensing newly synthesized benzo‐fused trithiatripyrrane diol and appropriate meso‐aryl dipyrromethane under mild acid catalysed conditions in 5–8 % yields. In these macrocycles, two of the meso‐positions were fused with the benzene rings and the DFT optimized structural analysis revealed that the macrocycles adopt saddled conformation with the two thiophene rings oriented towards outside the macrocyclic core. HR‐MS and detailed 1D & 2D NMR studies were used in deducing the molecular structures of the macrocycles and NMR studies support their nonaromatic nature. The macrocycles exhibit one strong sharp absorption band at ~430 nm and a broad band in the region of 550–850 nm which were further red‐shifted to NIR region in their protonated derivatives. The macrocycles exhibit two reversible oxidations and one reduction and the redox data revealed that the macrocycles were easier to oxidize and were electron‐rich.
Visible‐Light‐Mediated Oxygenation of Benzylic C(Sp3)−H Bonds and Oxidation of Aryl Carbinols using Non‐Noble Transition Metal Photoredox Catalyst
Authors: Jeyaraj Preety , Mallayasamy Siva , Selvaraj Elavarasan , Das Priyadip , Baskar Baburaj 
Published: May 2024

AbstractA simple and efficient methodology for the selective oxygenation of benzylic C(sp3)−H bond and oxidation of primary and secondary alcohols using non‐noble photoredox copper catalyst under visible light irradiation is described. Notably, non‐noble copper photoredox catalysts were found to be good for the oxidation reactions when compared to various commercially available photoredox catalysts employed in the present methodology. In addition, oxygen as clean oxidant at room temperature and compatible for both the oxygenation and oxidation reactions. A wide range of carbonyl compounds bearing both electron rich and electron deficient substituents was synthesized in moderate to excellent yields under milder and environmentally friendly conditions. Also, a thorough investigation was carried out to understand the mechanism of both oxidation reactions.
A Comprehensive Review on Selective Catalytic Methods for Functionalization of Adamantane Scaffolds
Authors: Kumar Marappan Pradeep , Annie Aksa S , Solanke Jayshree Nandkumar , Dandela Rambabu , Dhayalan Vasudevan 
Published: May 2024

AbstractOver the decades, conventional techniques have been reported for the direct conversion of a substantial framework of adamantyl C(sp3)‐H/Br/COOH bonds to various C−C, C−N, and other C−X bonds enabled by various catalytic conditions and reagents. There are various simple and direct methods for converting adamantane tertiary and secondary C‐(Sp3)‐H/X/M bonds to quaternary/ tertiary carbon‐carbon bonds that have been reported in previous years, which include methods such as catalytic approaches, cross‐coupling reactions, C−H bond functionalization, radical reactions, organometallics, and dual catalysis, etc. The selective catalytic techniques published between 2010 and 2023 are covered in this article. These adamantane derivatives are broadly studied in various fields such as medicinal chemistry applications, drug development, supramolecular chemistry, material science, catalysts/ligands, and nanotechnologies.
A Rationally Designed Iron(II) Catalyst for C(sp3)−C(sp2) and C(sp3)−C(sp3) Suzuki–Miyaura Cross‐Coupling
Authors: Chen Donghuang , Lepori Clément , Guillot Régis , Gil Richard , Bezzenine Sophie , Hannedouche Jérôme 
Published: May 2024

AbstractDespite the paramount importance of the Suzuki–Miyaura coupling (SMC) in academia and industry, and the great promise of iron to offer sustainable catalysis, iron‐catalyzed SMC involving sp3‐hybridized partners is still in its infancy. We herein report the development of a versatile, well‐defined electron‐deficient anilido‐aldimine iron(II) catalyst. This catalyst effectively performed C(sp3)−C(sp2) and C(sp3)−C(sp3) SMC of alkyl halide electrophiles and (hetero)aryl boronic ester and alkyl borane nucleophiles respectively, in the presence of a lithium amide base. These couplings operated under mild reaction conditions and displayed wide functional group compatibility including various medicinally relevant N‐, O‐ and S‐based heterocycles. They also tolerated primary, secondary and tertiary alkyl halides (Br, Cl, I), electron‐neutral, ‐rich and ‐poor boronic esters and primary and secondary alkyl boranes. Our methodology could be directly and efficiently applied to synthesize key intermediates relevant to pharmaceuticals and a potential drug candidate. For C(sp3)−C(sp2) couplings, radical probe experiments militated in favor of a carbon‐centered radical derived from the electrophile. At the same time, reactions run with a pre‐formed activated boron nucleophile coupled to competition experiments supported the involvement of neutral, rather than an anionic, (hetero)aryl boronic ester in the key transmetalation step.
Viscoelastic response of amine cured epoxy composites with imidazolium ionic liquid‐modified aramid pulp
Authors: Kerche Eduardo Fischer , da Cruz Joziel Aparecido , Ornaghi Heitor Luiz , Schrekker Henri Stephan , Amico Sandro Campos 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThree ethanolic solutions containing different imidazolium ionic liquids (IL), namely 1‐butyl‐3‐methylimidazolium chloride, 1‐carboxymethyl‐3‐methylimidazolium chloride or 1,3‐dicarboxymethylimidazolium chloride), were used for the surface modification of aramid pulp (AP) (5 wt.% of IL in relation to AP mass) to improve its interfacial interaction with triethylene tetramine‐cured epoxy resin. Composites were prepared by casting with 0.4 phr of AP. Scanning electron microscopy, mechanical tests, isothermal dynamic mechanical analysis (at 1, 10 and 100 Hz), and conventional non‐isothermal analysis were performed. The IL‐modified AP (AP‐IL) presented greater defibrillation and strengthened interaction with the polymeric matrix, minimizing fiber pullout in the mechanical tests. The AP distribution in the epoxy matrix was assessed, and morphological changes were partly responsible for the improvement in the mechanical and dynamical mechanical response of the AP‐IL/epoxy composites. The AP/epoxy composite compatibilized with IL 1‐butyl‐3‐methylimidazolium chloride presented the lowest activation energy and, in turn, the strongest interaction with the epoxy matrix. Normalized DMA curves provided more detailed information on the differences between neat epoxy and the studied composites.
Boron‐Salphen Conjugate based Molecular Probe Exhibiting Fluorescence On‐Off‐On Response in Detection of Cu2+ and ATP through Displacement Approach
Authors: Bhandari Rimpi , Rai Ravisen , Kaleem Mohammed , Pratap Rajesh , Shraogi Nikita , Patnaik Satyakam , Bhattacharya Subrato , Misra Arvind 
Published: May 2024

AbstractSynthesis and photophysical properties of a fluorescent probe HBD is described. Probe upon interaction with metal ions, anions and nucleoside pyrophosphates (NPPs) showed fluorescence quenching with Cu2+ due to chelation enhanced quenching effect (CHEQ). Moreover, interaction of ensemble HBD.Cu2+ with anions and NPPs showed fluorescence “turn‐On” response with ATP selectively. “On‐Off‐On” responses observed with Cu2+ and ATP is attributed to an interplay between ESIPT and TICT processes. Cyclic voltammogram of probe exhibited quasi‐reversible redox behaviour with three oxidation and two reduction potentials and the change in band gaps of probe suggested the interaction with Cu2+ and ATP. The 2 : 1 and 1 : 1 binding stoichiometry for an interaction between probe and Cu2+ (LOD, 62 nM) and ensemble, HBD.Cu2+ with ATP (LOD, 0.4 μM) respectively are realised by Job's plot and HRMS data. Cell imaging studies carried out to detect Cu2+ and ATP in HeLa cells. Also, the output emission observed with Cu2+ and ATP is utilized to construct an implication (IMP) logic gate. Test paper strips showed naked‐eye visible color responses to detect Cu2+ and ATP. In real water samples probe successfully detected copper (0.03 μM) between 5–6.5 ppb level (ICP‐MS method).
Introducing Ag Dopants into CdSe Nanoplatelets (NPLs) Leads to Effective Charge Separation for Better Photodetector Performance
Authors: Ghosh Soubhik , Medda Anusri , Patra Amitava 
Published: May 2024

AbstractSolution‐processed colloidal cadmium chalcogenide nanoplatelets (NPLs)–based photodetectors (PD) are promising materials for next‐generation optoelectronic devices due to their excellent optical properties. Here, we report on ultrafast carrier relaxation dynamics of four monolayer (4 ML) Ag‐doped CdSe (Ag: CdSe) NPLs using ultrafast transient absorption spectroscopy and their photodetectors applications. A broad dopant emission is observed at around 650 nm with a large FWHM of ~431 meV and band edge emission at 515 nm. The intragap dopant state acts as a hole acceptor, which leads to better charge separation. The ultrafast transient absorption spectroscopy study shows faster carrier recombination dynamics with a hole transfer time scale of ~10 ps in Ag‐doped CdSe NPLs. This supports the excited hole capture phenomenon at the dopant state. Ag‐doped CdSe NPLs‐based PD performed better than undoped CdSe NPLs with detectivity and responsivity values of 1.3×1010 Jones and 2.4 mA/W, respectively.
Impact of water quality and operational factors on microcystin removal by powdered activated carbon
Authors: Alexander Matthew T. , Waters Thomas E. , McNeely Morgan , Speth Thomas F. , Dugan Nicholas R. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe feasibility of using a 26‐1 fractional factorial design to screen the relative importance of six water quality and operational factors in the removal of microcystin‐LR (MC‐LR) by powdered activated carbon (PAC) was evaluated through jar testing. The factors were: PAC type, PAC dose, total organic carbon (TOC) concentration, turbidity, alum dose, and timing of PAC versus coagulant application. Follow‐up tests were performed to examine the interaction of PAC dose and TOC concentrations. All MC‐LR analyses were performed by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS). The top three effect magnitudes were the same by ELISA and LC/MS/MS:PAC dose > PAC type > PAC application time. Correlation coefficients between removals estimated by ELISA and LC/MS/MS were >0.9 (p « .05). With both methods, the effects of PAC type and dose were found to be markedly larger than the other factors. The follow‐up tests indicated a greater impact of PAC dose at higher natural organic matter concentrations. Factorial designs are not commonly used to plan drinking water jar test experiments. The results generated in this study were plausible with respect to the existing body of adsorption knowledge, thus helping to demonstrate the feasibility of the factorial approach.
Utility of serum chemokine–like factor 1 as a biomarker of severity and prognosis after severe traumatic brain injury: A prospective observational study
Authors: Wu Xiaoyu , Su Chang , Tian Da , Ye Yufei , Du Qinghua , Chen Junxia , Li Huguang , Liu Jin 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundChemokine‐like factor 1 (CKLF1) may be involved in the inflammatory response and secondary brain injury after severe traumatic brain injury (sTBI). We determined serum CKLF1 levels of sTBI patients to further investigate the correlation of CKLF1 levels with disease severity, functional prognosis, and 180‐day mortality of sTBI.MethodsSerum CKLF1 levels were measured at admission in 119 sTBI patients and at entry into study in 119 healthy controls. Serum CKLF levels of 50 patients were also quantified at days 1–3, 5, and 7 after admission. Glasgow coma scale (GCS) scores and Rotterdam computerized tomography (CT) classification were utilized to assess disease severity. Extended Glasgow outcome scale (GOSE) scores were recorded to evaluate function prognosis at 180 days after sTBI. Relations of serum CKLF1 levels to 180‐day poor prognosis (GOSE scores of 1–4) and 180‐day mortality were analyzed using univariate analysis, followed by multivariate analysis. Receiver‐operating characteristic (ROC) curve was built to investigate prognostic predictive capability.ResultsSerum CKLF1 levels of sTBI patients increased at admission, peaked at day 2, and then gradually decreased; they were significantly higher during the 7 days after sTBI than in healthy controls. Differences of areas under ROC curve (areas under the curve [AUCs]) were not significant among the six time points. Multivariate analysis showed that serum CKLF1 levels were independently correlated with GCS scores, Rotterdam CT classification, and GOSE scores. Serum CKLF1 levels were significantly higher in non‐survivors than in survivors and in poor prognosis patients than in good prognosis patients. Serum CKLF1 levels independently predicted 180‐day poor prognosis and 180‐day mortality, and had high 180‐day prognosis and mortality predictive abilities, and their AUCs were similar to those of GCS scores and Rotterdam CT classification. Combination model containing serum CKLF1, GCS scores, and Rotterdam CT classification performed more efficiently than any of them alone in predicting mortality and poor prognosis. The models were visually described using nomograms, which were comparatively stable under calibration curve and were relatively of clinical benefit under decision curve.ConclusionSerum CKLF1 levels are significantly associated with disease severity, poor 180‐day prognosis, and 180‐day mortality in sTBI patients. Hence, complement CKLF1 may serve as a potential prognostic biomarker of sTBI.
Correlation of diffusion tensor tractography with obstructive sleep apnea severity
Authors: Park Bong Soo , Lee Dong Ah , Lee Ho‐Joon , Kim Jinseung , Ko Junghae , Lee Won Hee , Yi Jiyae , Park Kang Min 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIntroductionUsing correlation tractography, this study aimed to find statistically significant correlations between white matter (WM) tracts in participants with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and OSA severity. We hypothesized that changes in certain WM tracts could be related to OSA severity.MethodsWe enrolled 40 participants with OSA who underwent diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) using a 3.0 Tesla MRI scanner. Fractional anisotropy (FA), mean diffusivity (MD), axial diffusivity (AD), radial diffusivity (RD), and quantitative anisotropy (QA)‐values were used in the connectometry analysis. The apnea‐hypopnea index (AHI) is a representative measure of the severity of OSA. Diffusion MRI connectometry that was used to derive correlational tractography revealed changes in the values of FA, MD, AD, RD, and QA when correlated with the AHI. A false‐discovery rate threshold of 0.05 was used to select tracts to conduct multiple corrections.ResultsConnectometry analysis revealed that the AHI in participants with OSA was negatively correlated with FA values in WM tracts that included the cingulum, corpus callosum, cerebellum, inferior longitudinal fasciculus, fornices, thalamic radiations, inferior fronto‐occipital fasciculus, superior and posterior corticostriatal tracts, medial lemnisci, and arcuate fasciculus. However, there were no statistically significant results in the WM tracts, in which FA values were positively correlated with the AHI. In addition, connectometry analysis did not reveal statistically significant results in WM tracts, in which MD, AD, RD, and QA values were positively or negatively correlated with the AHI.ConclusionSeveral WM tract changes were correlated with OSA severity. However, WM changes in OSA likely involve tissue edema and not neuronal changes, such as axonal loss. Connectometry analyses are valuable tools for detecting WM changes in sleep disorders.