bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Xenobiotic- and Jasmonic Acid-Inducible Signal Transduction Pathways Have Become Interdependent at the Arabidopsis CYP81D11 Promoter
Authors: Köster Julia , Thurow Corinna , Kruse Kerstin , Meier Alexander , Iven Tim , Feussner Ivo , Gatz Christiane 
Published: March 2012

Abstract
Plants modify harmful substances through an inducible detoxification system. In Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), chemical induction of the cytochrome P450 gene CYP81D11 and other genes linked to the detoxification program depends on class II TGA transcription factors. CYP81D11 expression is also induced by the phytohormone jasmonic acid (JA) through the established pathway requiring the JA receptor CORONATINE INSENSITIVE1 (COI1) and the JA-regulated transcription factor MYC2. Here, we report that the xenobiotic- and the JA-dependent signal cascades have become interdependent at the CYP81D11 promoter. On the one hand, MYC2 can only activate the expression of CYP81D11 when both the MYC2- and the TGA-binding sites are present in the promoter. On the other hand, the xenobiotic-regulated class II TGA transcription factors can only mediate maximal promoter activity if TGA and MYC2 binding motifs, MYC2, and the JA-isoleucine biosynthesis enzymes DDE2/AOS and JAR1 are functional. Since JA levels and degradation of JAZ1, a repressor of the JA response, are not affected by reactive chemicals, we hypothesize that basal JA signaling amplifies the response to chemical stress. Remarkably, stress-induced expression levels were 3-fold lower in coi1 than in the JA biosynthesis mutant dde2-2, revealing that COI1 can contribute to the activation of the promoter in the absence of JA. Moreover, we show that deletion of the MYC2 binding motifs abolishes the JA responsiveness of the promoter but not the responsiveness to COI1. These findings suggest that yet unknown cis-element(s) can mediate COI1-dependent transcriptional activation in the absence of JA.
Keratin 10‐positive orthokeratotic dysplasia: a new leucoplakia‐type precancerous entity of the oral mucosa
Authors: Kobayashi Takanori , Maruyama Satoshi , Abé Tatsuya , Cheng Jun , Takagi Ritsuo , Saito Chikara , Saku Takashi 
Published: March 2012

Kobayashi T, Maruyama S, Abé T, Cheng J, Takagi R, Saito C & Saku T  (2012) Histopathology 61, 910–920Keratin 10‐positive orthokeratotic dysplasia: a new leucoplakia‐type precancerous entity of the oral mucosaAims:  We investigated a group of oral mucosal lesions with characteristic hyperorthokeratotic foci, which we termed orthokeratotic dysplasia (OKD), to determine if it could be identified as a distinct histopathological entity.Methods and results:  We screened 282 surgical specimens from 200 patients with oral leucoplakia‐type squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) or carcinoma in situ (CIS). OKD was defined as an oral mucosal lesional focus in which hyperorthokeratosis was predominant in the presence of the granular cell layer. A total of 84 OKD foci from 62 cases found among the 200 SCC/CIS cases were analysed. According to its rete ridge shapes, OKD was classified into three subtypes: flat (14.3%), leg (63.1%) and intermediate (22.6%). Eighty per cent of OKD foci were adjacent to the main foci of SCC or CIS, and they were demarcated sharply from each other. Most of the OKD constituent cells were immunopositive for keratin 10, but not for keratins 13, 17 or 19. Numbers of Ki‐67‐positive cells in the first basal layer were greater in OKD than in normal epithelia.Conclusions:  The findings indicate that OKD is a distinct variant of epithelial dysplasia related to malignancies, and hence that it is important to recognize its existence.
Species‐specific influences of shrubs on the non‐dormant soil seed bank of native and exotic plant species in central‐northern Monte Desert
Authors: ROLHAUSER ANDRÉS G. , D'ANTONI MARÍA J. , GATICA M. GABRIEL , PUCHETA EDUARDO 
Published: March 2012

AbstractDeserts shrubs are well known to facilitate vegetation aggregation, mostly through seed trapping, and stress amelioration during and after plant establishment. Because vegetation aggregation effects are a by‐product of shrub presence, beneficiary species may not only be native, but also exotic. However, despite the high risk that exotic invasive species pose to ecosystem services, little is known of the role of desert shrubs on plant invasions. We assessed the influence of two shrub species on the non‐dormant soil seed bank (i.e. the number of seeds that readily germinate with sufficient water availability) of an invasive annual grass (Schismus barbatus) and of coexisting native species in a central‐northern Monte Desert (Argentina). Soil samples were collected beneath the canopies of two dominant shrub species (Bulnesia retama and Larrea divaricata) and in open spaces (i.e. intercanopies) in May 2001. Overall, the density of germinated seedlings of Schismus and that of the native species were negatively associated across microsite types. Schismus density was similar to that of all native species pooled together (mostly annuals), and was highest in Larrea samples (with no significant differences between Bulnesia and intercanopies). On the contrary, the density of all native species pooled together was highest in Bulnesia samples. Our results suggest that shrubs may contribute to plant invasions in our study system but, most importantly, they further illustrate that this influence can be species specific. Further research is needed to assess the relative importance of in situ seed production (and survival) and seed redistribution on soil seed bank spatial patterns.
“Largest Amplitude Ablation” is the Optimal Approach for Typical Atrial Flutter Ablation: A Subanalysis from the AURUM 8 Study
Authors: LEWALTER THORSTEN , LICKFETT LARS , WEISS CHRISTIAN , MEWIS CHRISTIAN , SPENCKER SEBASTIAN , JUNG WERNER , HAVERKAMP WILHELM , SCHWACKE HARALD , DENEKE THOMAS , PROFF JOCHEN , DORWARTH UWE , BAUER WOLFGANG 
Published: March 2012

Voltage‐Guided Cavotricuspid Isthmus Ablation.Introduction: The recently proposed “maximum voltage‐guided” (MVG) technique for radiofrequency catheter ablation of atrial flutter targets high‐voltage electrograms along cavotricuspid isthmus (CTI) to ablate the functionally important anatomic muscle bundles alone, without drawing a complete anatomic line across the CTI. This innovative approach may shorten ablation time and procedure duration.
Methods and Results:
Within the multicenter AURUM 8 study, which compared 8‐mm gold‐ and Pt‐Ir‐tip catheters in atrial flutter ablation, we made a post hoc comparison of procedural data from 72 patients treated with MVG technique with data from 281 patients undergoing anatomic CTI ablation (unmatched) and with data from 72 patients selected from among those 281 patients such that they were matched with the MVG group with respect to selected baseline parameters and catheter type (matched). The MVG technique markedly reduced (P < 0.001) ablation time (mean 6.9 minutes vs 10.9/9.7 minutes [unmatched/matched]), number of lesions (8.3 vs 13.7/12.9), fluoroscopy time (9.5 minutes vs 20.6/17.9 minutes), procedure duration (59 minutes vs 93/86 minutes), and energy delivered (19 kJ vs 34/30 kJ) compared with anatomic CTI ablation. The incidence of charring was higher for MVG than for anatomic ablation technique (31.9% vs 18.5/15.3%, P < 0.05), where Pt‐Ir tip catheters were 6‐fold more susceptible to charring than gold‐tip catheters (P < 0.001), likely because of a lower thermal conductivity of the Pt‐Ir material. The acute success rate was slightly better for MVG than for anatomic ablation technique (97.2% vs 92.2/91.7%, P = n.s.).
Conclusion:
Major procedural parameters are remarkably improved with MVG technique. Gold‐tip catheters are substantially less susceptible to charring and may therefore be preferred over Pt‐Ir‐tip catheters for MVG ablation technique.(J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol, Vol. 23, pp. 479‐485, May 2012)
Current Trends in Nursing Theories
Authors: Im Eun‐Ok , Ju Chang Sun 
Published: March 2012

AbstractPurpose: To explore current trends in nursing theories through an integrated literature review.Organizing Construct and Methods: The literature related to nursing theories during the past 10 years was searched through multiple databases and reviewed to determine themes reflecting current trends in nursing theories.Findings: The trends can be categorized into six themes: (a) foci on specifics; (b) coexistence of various types of theories; (c) close links to research; (d) international collaborative works; (e) integration to practice; and (f) selective evolution.Conclusions: We need to make our continuous efforts to link research and practice to theories, to identify specifics of our theories, to develop diverse types of theories, and to conduct international collaborative works.Clinical Relevance: Our paper gives implications for future theoretical development in diverse clinical areas of nursing research and practice.
Capability Beliefs Regarding Evidence‐Based Practice are Associated with Application of EBP and Research Use: Validation of a New Measure
Authors: Wallin Lars , Boström Anne‐Marie , Gustavsson J. Petter 
Published: March 2012

ABSTRACTBackground: Beliefs about capabilities, or self‐efficacy, is a construct originating in social cognitive psychology. Capability beliefs have been found to be positively associated with intention and healthcare practice behaviour. A measure of an individual's beliefs about his/her capability to apply the components of evidence‐based practice (EBP) has potential to be useful in implementation research.Aims: To evaluate the concurrent validity and internal structure of a new scale measuring nurses’ capability beliefs regarding EBP.Methods: Data were taken from a prospective longitudinal study in Sweden (the Longitudinal Analyses of Nursing Education and Entry in Worklife [LANE]). A cohort of nursing students who graduated in the autumn of 2004 that was followed up 2 years after their graduation was used (n= 1,256). Concurrent validity was tested relating different levels of capability beliefs to extent of research use and application of EBP. An item‐response approach was applied in the evaluation of internal structure of the proposed scale (six items).Results: The psychometric analyses indicated that the six items could be summed to reflect a one‐dimensional scale. Nurses with the highest level of capability beliefs reported that they used research findings in clinical practice more than twice as often as those with lower levels of capability beliefs. They also participated in the implementation of evidence seven times more often.Implications: There is a need for further studies of the construct and predictive validity of the scale. It should also be validated in other groups of health professionals. Learning including mastery experiences, role modelling, social persuasion, and manageable stress could be used in undergraduate education as well as practice development to increase beliefs about capabilities which might open the way to increased application of EBP in healthcare practice.Conclusions: This new measure is well grounded in social cognitive theory, functions as a one‐dimensional scale and possesses promising properties of concurrent validity.
Spectral analysis of near‐infrared spectroscopy signals measured from prefrontal lobe in subjects at risk for stroke
Authors: Li Zengyong , Zhang Ming , Xin Qing , Chen Guoqiang , Liu Feifei , Li Jianping 
Published: March 2012

Purpose:The objective of this study was to assess the spontaneous cerebral oscillations based on the wavelet transform of near‐infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) signals in subjects at risk for atherosclerotic stroke.Methods:A total of 32 subjects were recruited from the university to participate in this study: 20 were normal subjects (age = 59.6 ± 10.2 year) and the other 12 were subjects at risk for ischemic stroke (age = 60.2 ± 10.1 year). The cerebral oxygenation signal was monitored for 10 min from the left prefrontal lobe using NIRS.Results:With spectral analysis based on wavelet transform, five frequency intervals were identified (I, 0.005–0.02 Hz; II, 0.02–0.06 Hz; III, 0.06–0.15 Hz; IV, 0.15–0.40 Hz; and V, 0.40–2.0 Hz). The amplitude of the [Hb] in the frequency intervals from I to V and of the [HbO2] in frequency intervals I and V in subjects at risk for stroke were found to be significantly lower compared to the amplitudes in normal subjects.Conclusions:The reduction of spontaneous oscillations in these subjects suggests an increased stiffness in the cerebral artery. This indicates the possibility of applying spontaneous oscillations, based on the wavelet transform of NIRS signals, to assess the risk in subjects with atherosclerosis.
Prevalence of HIV among men who have sex with men in Chongqing, China, 2006–2009: cross-sectional biological and behavioural surveys
Authors: Zhang Yanqi , Chen Pinyi , Lu Rongrong , Liu Ling , Wu Yazhou , Liu Xiaoyu , Zhao Zengwei , Yi Dong 
Published: March 2012

ObjectiveTo assess the prevalence of HIV among men who have sex with men (MSM) in Chongqing, China from 2006 to 2009.MethodsThe authors used a snowball sampling method to perform a 3-month cross-sectional study each year from 2006 to 2009. Every participant was asked to complete a questionnaire about demographic and behavioural characteristics, and blood samples were taken for antibody testing for HIV and syphilis.ResultsA total of 953, 1015, 743 and 603 participants were investigated in 2006, 2007, 2008 and 2009, respectively. HIV prevalence rates were 10.9%, 12.8%, 10.6% and 19.1%, respectively. The rates increased by 2.3% averagely per year (p<0.001). The HIV prevalence rates were significantly higher than the total population in subjects who were aged more than 40 years, subjects with an educational background of a junior high school level or lower, subjects with a positive syphilis infection or subjects who were recruited from a public bath (p<0.01). The HIV prevalence rates increased on average per year more than 4% in subjects over 30, subjects who worked in the entertainment business, subjects who were married or divorced, subjects with a positive syphilis infection or subjects who were not informed HIV test results. Although most subjects had good HIV/AIDS knowledge awareness (90%), the rate of consistent condom use was low (<37%).ConclusionsThe prevalence of HIV is high and is rapidly growing among MSM in Chongqing, China. More appropriate responses are urgently needed to promote a change in the behaviour of MSM.
Estimating static tip resistance of driven piles with bottom pile instrumentation
Authors: Tran Khiem T. , McVay Michael , Herrera Rodrigo , Lai Peter 
Published: March 2012

A technique is presented to estimate static tip resistance of a pile during driving from embedded strain and accelerometer data located one diameter (D) from the bottom of the pile. The approach uses a nonlinear single degree of freedom system to satisfy force and energy equilibrium with a global genetic inversion approach. By balancing force and energy from inertia, damping, and stiffness against the measured tip data, the unknown parameters (mass, damping, and nonlinear stiffness) are estimated. Requiring a few seconds for analysis for each blow, the algorithm ensures a real-time assessment of static tip resistance as a function of displacement, which is important when setting pile lengths. The proposed approach was applied to four test piles at two bridge sites (Florida and Louisiana). Mobilized static tip resistances ranging from 400 to 1500 kN as a function of displacement were predicted. The predicted static resistance versus displacements compared favorably with measured values from static load tests. Interestingly, the maximum recorded increase in tip resistance in silty to clayey sands was less than 20% when piles were re-struck at times ranging from 2 to 30 days after initial drive.
Computational study on the thermal decomposition and isomerization of the CH3OCF2O• radical
Authors: Singh Hari Ji , Mishra Bhupesh Kumar , Rao Pradeep Kumar 
Published: March 2012

The geometries of the reactant, products, and transition states involved in the decomposition pathways of the CH3OCF2O• radical formed during the photooxidation of CH3OCHF2 (HFE-152a) have been optimized and characterized at the DFT-B3LYP level of theory using the 6–311G(d,p) basis set. Single-point energy calculations have been made at the G2M (CC,MP2) level of theory. Out of the four prominent decomposition channels considered, the β-C–O bond scission is found to be the dominant path involving a barrier height of 9.78 kcal mol–1 (1 cal = 4.184 J). The thermal rate constant for the above decomposition pathway is evaluated using canonical transition state theory (CTST) and was found to be 5.27 × 104 s–1 at 298 K and 1 atm (1 atm = 101.325 kPa).
Predicting the severity of Cyclaneusma minus on Pinus radiata under current climate in New Zealand
Authors: Watt Michael S. , Rolando Carol A. , Palmer David J. , Bulman Lindsay S. 
Published: March 2012

Despite being a damaging foliar disease of Pinus species, little research has characterized spatial variation in disease severity of Cyclaneusma needle cast at a macroscale. Using an extensive data set describing Cyclaneusma needle cast (Ssev) on plantation-grown Pinus radiata D. Don stands distributed widely across New Zealand, the objectives of this research were to (i) develop a regression model describing Ssev, (ii) use this model to identify key drivers of Ssev and their functional form and relative importance, and (iii) develop spatial predictions of Ssev for New Zealand P. radiata under current climate. Using an independent validation data set, the final model accounted for 73% of the variance in Ssev using four significant (P < 0.001) explanatory variables and an isotrophic exponential model to account for the spatial covariance in the data. Ssev was most sensitive to elevation followed by mean winter air temperature, mean relative humidity during July, and then stand age. Ssev increased to a maximum at mean winter air temperatures of between 7 and 9 °C before declining. Relationships between Ssev and all other variables were linear and positive. Spatial predictions of Ssev varied widely throughout New Zealand. Values of Ssev were highest in moderately warm, wet, and humid high-elevation environments located in the central North Island. In contrast, relatively low values of Ssev were predicted in drier eastern and southern regions of New Zealand.
Prostate Cancer Risk in Men with Baseline History of Coronary Artery Disease: Results from the REDUCE Study
Authors: Thomas Jean-Alfred , Gerber Leah , Bañez Lionel L. , Moreira Daniel M. , Rittmaster Roger S. , Andriole Gerald L. , Freedland Stephen J. 
Published: March 2012

Abstract
Background: Coronary artery disease (CAD) and prostate cancer (PCa) are not only common diseases, but share many risk factors. To date, only a few studies have explored the relationship between CAD and PCa risk, with conflicting results.
Methods: The four-year REDUCE study tested dutasteride 0.5 mg daily for PCa risk reduction in men with prostate specific antigen (PSA) of 2.5 to 10.0 ng/mL and a negative biopsy. Among men who underwent at least one on-study biopsy (n = 6,729; 82.8%), the association between CAD and overall PCa risk and disease grade was examined with logistic and multinomial logistic regression adjusting for clinicopathologic features, respectively.
Results: Overall, 547 men (8.6%) had a history of CAD. Men with CAD were significantly older and had higher body mass index, PSA, and larger prostate volumes and were more likely to have diabetes, hypertension, and hypercholesterolemia and take aspirin and statins. On multivariate analysis, CAD was associated with a 35% increased risk of PCa diagnosis (OR = 1.35, 95% CI: 1.08–1.67, P = 0.007), while elevating risk of both low- (OR = 1.34, 95% CI: 1.05–1.73, P = 0.02) and high-grade disease (OR = 1.34, 95% CI: 0.95–1.88, P = 0.09).
Conclusions: In a post hoc hypothesis developing secondary analysis of the REDUCE study, CAD was significantly associated with increased PCa diagnosis.
Impact: If confirmed in other studies, this suggests CAD may be a novel PCa risk factor and suggests common shared etiologies. Whether lifestyle changes shown to reduce CAD risk (i.e., weight loss, exercise, cholesterol reduction, etc.) can reduce PCa risk, warrants further study. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 21(4); 576–81. ©2012 AACR.
Comparative modular analysis of gene expression in vertebrate organs
Authors: Piasecka Barbara , Kutalik Zoltán , Roux Julien , Bergmann Sven , Robinson-Rechavi Marc 
Published: March 2012

Abstract

Background
The degree of conservation of gene expression between homologous organs largely remains an open question. Several recent studies reported some evidence in favor of such conservation. Most studies compute organs' similarity across all orthologous genes, whereas the expression level of many genes are not informative about organ specificity.

Results
Here, we use a modularization algorithm to overcome this limitation through the identification of inter-species co-modules of organs and genes. We identify such co-modules using mouse and human microarray expression data. They are functionally coherent both in terms of genes and of organs from both organisms. We show that a large proportion of genes belonging to the same co-module are orthologous between mouse and human. Moreover, their zebrafish orthologs also tend to be expressed in the corresponding homologous organs. Notable exceptions to the general pattern of conservation are the testis and the olfactory bulb. Interestingly, some co-modules consist of single organs, while others combine several functionally related organs. For instance, amygdala, cerebral cortex, hypothalamus and spinal cord form a clearly discernible unit of expression, both in mouse and human.

Conclusions
Our study provides a new framework for comparative analysis which will be applicable also to other sets of large-scale phenotypic data collected across different species.
Macrophages participate in host protection and the disease pathology associated with Leishmania braziliensisinfection
Authors: Giudice Angela , Vendrame Célia , Bezerra Caroline , Carvalho Lucas P , Delavechia Thaís , Carvalho Edgar M , Bacellar Olívia 
Published: March 2012

AbstractBackgroundLeishmaniapreferentially infects macrophages, which allow the parasite to multiply but can also kill the parasite. Although the T cell response in human leishmaniasis is well-characterized, little is known about the concomitant macrophage behavior. The aim of this study was to characterize the macrophage immune response afterLeishmania braziliensisinfection in cells derived from cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) or mucosal leishmaniasis (ML) patients, subclinical individuals (SC) and healthy control subjects (HS).MethodsPeripheral blood mononuclear cell-derived macrophages from the different groups were exposed toL. braziliensis in vitroand were evaluated for susceptibility toLeishmaniainfection, ability to killLeishmaniaand chemokine/cytokine production. Nitric Oxide (NO) and superoxide (O2-) levels in the supernatant of infected macrophage cultures were monitored.ResultsAfter exposure toL. braziliensis, peripheral blood mononuclear cell-derived macrophages from SC individuals showed a lower infection rate and a smaller number of intracellular amastigotes compared to cells from CL and ML patients. Macrophages from CL and ML patients produced more chemokines and TNF-α than those from the SC group. Production of NO and O2-were detected but did not vary significantly among the different groups.ConclusionsOur data indicate that macrophages play a pivotal role in controllingL. braziliensisinfection and in leishmaniasis pathology by secreting pro-inflammatory chemokines/cytokines that activate and recruit T cells, overwhelming the inflammatory response.