bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical Characteristics Associated With Response to Biologics in the Treatment of Psoriasis
Authors: Hjort Gustav , Schwarz Christopher Willy , Skov Lone , Loft Nikolai 
Published: June 2024

ImportanceClinical characteristics associated with treatment response to biologics in patients with psoriasis have never been systematically investigated.ObjectiveTo evaluate the association between patient clinical characteristics and the effectiveness of biologics in treating psoriasis.Data SourcesPubMed, Embase, and Web of Science were searched from their inception through April 2022. Studies in English language that reported response to biologic treatment at approved doses in patients with psoriasis in relation to their clinical characteristics were included. In addition, eligible studies were identified through a search of the reference lists of the included studies.Study SelectionWe only included studies that reported treatment outcomes as Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) 75 or PASI 90 after 12, 26, and/or 52 weeks of treatment. Both observational studies and randomized clinical trials (RCTs) were considered. Two independent authors conducted the screening process, and 107 studies were assessed for eligibility.Data Extraction and SynthesisThe Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) reporting guidelines were followed. Relevant data were extracted independently by 2 authors. Data were pooled using random-effects models. RCTs and observational studies were pooled in separate analyses. Data were analyzed from June 1, 2023, to August 1, 2023.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe primary outcome was PASI 90 at 26 weeks (6 months). Before data collection began, an investigation of the association between the main (and secondary) outcomes and several clinical characteristics was planned.ResultsOverall, 40 studies with a total of 21 438 patients were included. Older age (odds ratio [OR], 0.99; 95% CI, 0.98-1.00), previous exposure to biologics (OR, 0.44; 95% CI, 0.29-0.67), higher body mass index (BMI) (OR, 0.96; 95% CI, 0.94-0.99), previous smoking (OR, 0.81; 95% CI, 0.67-0.98), and current smoking (OR, 0.78; 95% CI, 0.66-0.91) were negatively associated with achieving PASI 90 at 6 months in observational studies. In RCTs, only BMI of 30 or higher was negatively associated with treatment response (PASI 90 at 3 months: OR, 0.57; 95% CI, 0.48-0.66).Conclusions and RelevanceThis meta-analysis found that patients with psoriasis who smoke or have a history of smoking, as well as those with previous exposure to biologics, older age, or higher BMI, exhibited poorer response to biologics in observational studies. However, it remains unclear whether these clinical characteristics influence treatment response differently for the different biologics available for psoriasis.
Mental Health Service Use Before First Diagnosis of a Psychotic Disorder
Authors: Tempelaar Wanda , Kozloff Nicole , Mallia Emilie , Voineskos Aristotle , Kurdyak Paul 
Published: June 2024

ImportanceCharacterizing mental health service use trajectories preceding diagnosis of a psychotic disorder may help identify individuals at highest risk and in which settings they are at highest risk.ObjectiveTo examine mental health service use and diagnostic trajectories before first diagnosis of psychotic disorder and identify utilization and diagnostic patterns.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis population-based, retrospective cohort study used linked provincial health administrative data. The sample included individuals aged 15 to 29 years diagnosed with a psychotic disorder in Ontario, Canada, between April 1, 2012, and March 31, 2018. These individuals were matched to individuals with a diagnosis of a mood disorder. Data were analyzed from November 2018 to November 2019.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe main outcomes were rates, timing, and setting of mental health–related service use and associated diagnoses in the 3 years before the index disorder among individuals first diagnosed with a psychotic disorder compared with those first diagnosed with a mood disorder.ResultsA total of 10 501 individuals with a first diagnosis of psychotic disorder were identified (mean [SD] age, 21.55 [3.83] years; 72.1% male). A total of 72.2% of individuals had at least 1 mental health service visit during the 3 years before their first psychotic disorder diagnosis, which was significantly more than matched controls with a first mood disorder diagnosis (66.8%) (odds ratio [OR], 1.34; 95% CI, 1.26-1.42). Compared with individuals diagnosed with a mood disorder, individuals diagnosed with a psychotic disorder were significantly more likely to have had mental health–related hospital admissions (OR, 3.98; 95% CI, 3.43-4.62) and emergency department visits (OR, 2.27; 95% CI, 2.12-2.43) in the preceding 3 years. Those with psychotic disorders were more likely to have had prior diagnoses of substance use disorders (OR, 2.57; 95% CI, 2.35-2.81), other disorders (personality disorders, developmental disorders) (OR, 1.75; 95% CI, 1.61-1.90), and self-harm (OR, 1.64; 95% CI, 1.36-1.98) in the past 3 years compared with those diagnosed with mood disorders.Conclusions and RelevanceThis study found that in the 3 years prior to an index diagnosis, individuals with a first diagnosis of psychotic disorder had higher rates of mental health service use, particularly emergency department visits and hospitalizations, compared with individuals with a first diagnosis of a mood disorder. Individuals with psychotic disorders also had a greater number of premorbid diagnoses. Differences in health service utilization patterns between those with a first psychotic disorder diagnosis vs a first mood disorder diagnosis suggest distinct premorbid trajectories that could be useful for next steps in prediction and prevention research.
Seismic response characteristics of seismically isolated buildings with dead zone mechanism connected to oil damper
Authors: Yachiune Kazuo , Suzuki Akira , Saito Yuta , Tokuno Masaki , Kobayashi Masahito 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIn recent years, there has been concern about the occurrence of extreme ground motions that greatly exceed the amplitude levels and durations expected at the conventional design level. Therefore, seismically isolated buildings are required to ensure seismic isolation performance for small earthquakes and suppress the excessive displacement of the seismic isolation layer for extreme ground motions. In this paper, we analyze the seismic response of seismically isolated buildings with the dead zone mechanism connected to oil dampers to understand the response characteristics.
Pituitary cyclase‐activating polypeptide targeted treatments for the treatment of primary headache disorders
Authors: Karsan Nazia , Edvinsson Lars , Vecsei Laszlo , Goadsby Peter J 
Published: June 2024

AbstractObjectiveMigraine is a complex and disabling neurological disorder. Recent years have witnessed the development and emergence of novel treatments for the condition, namely those targeting calcitonin gene‐related peptide (CGRP). However, there remains a substantial need for further treatments for those unresponsive to current therapies. Targeting pituitary adenylate cyclase‐activating polypeptide (PACAP) as a possible therapeutic strategy in the primary headache disorders has gained interest over recent years.MethodsThis review will summarize what we know about PACAP to date: its expression, receptors, roles in migraine and cluster headache biology, insights gained from preclinical and clinical models of migraine, and therapeutic scope.ResultsPACAP shares homology with vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) and is one of several vasoactive neuropeptides along with CGRP and VIP, which has been implicated in migraine neurobiology. PACAP is widely expressed in areas of interest in migraine pathophysiology, such as the thalamus, trigeminal nucleus caudalis, and sphenopalatine ganglion. Preclinical evidence suggests a role for PACAP in trigeminovascular sensitization, while clinical evidence shows ictal release of PACAP in migraine and intravenous infusion of PACAP triggering attacks in susceptible individuals. PACAP leads to dural vasodilatation and secondary central phenomena via its binding to different G‐protein‐coupled receptors, and intracellular downstream effects through cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) and phosphokinase C (PKC). Targeting PACAP as a therapeutic strategy in headache has been explored using monoclonal antibodies developed against PACAP and against the PAC1 receptor, with initial positive results.InterpretationFuture clinical trials hold considerable promise for a new therapeutic approach using PACAP‐targeted therapies in both migraine and cluster headache.
Antibody‐Targeted Phytohormone Delivery Using Foliar Sprayed Silk Fibroin Pickering Emulsions
Authors: Hu Yue , Cao Yunteng , Nguyen Franklin M. , Frank Bradley D. , Kalinowski Maxwell John , Li Meng , Rajani Sarojam , Marelli Benedetto 
Published: June 2024

AbstractEfficient delivery systems based on biopolymers offer new solutions to enhance food security by boosting crop yield and quality while decreasing agrochemical input and mitigating environmental impact. Herein, a novel Pickering emulsion fabrication method that utilizes antibody‐functionalized silk fibroin to enhance foliar adhesion upon application for efficient agrochemicals delivery is reported. Silk fibroin microparticles (SFMPs) stabilize both nonpolar and polar oil‐in‐water Pickering emulsions, revealing the cooperative function of both oil phase polarity and aqueous media pH in stabilization, where phytohormones addition influenced the stability and oil‐water contact angle. Phytohormone‐containing Pickering emulsions are functionalized with anti‐pectic polysaccharide (alpha‐1,5‐arabinan) antibody labeled SFMPs through adsorption, to enhance droplet adhesion to leaf cuticle surface. As a proof‐of‐concept, Pickering emulsion containing 0.1 mM jasmonic acid (JA) is applied to Arabidopsis thaliana via foliar spraying. Following washing, treatment with antibody‐functionalized Pickering emulsion increased trichome numbers on young leaves by 20% and 3%, when compared to nonencapsulated JA and nonfunctionalized emulsions, respectively. The functionalized Pickering emulsion stabilized by SFMPs exhibited no plant toxicity and biodegraded 50 wt.% in 7 days, catalyzed by Streptomyces griseus protease. Results highlight the potential of SFMP‐stabilized oleic acid‐in‐water Pickering emulsion as a sustainable and biodegradable solution to precisely deliver agrochemicals through foliar spray.
In Situ Universal Construction of Thiophosphite/MXene Hybrids via Lewis Acidic Etching for Superior Sodium Storage
Authors: Zhong Longsheng , Yue Ming , Liang Yazhan , Xi Baojuan , An Xuguang , Xiao Yanhe , Cheng Baochang , Lei Shuijin , Xiong Shenglin 
Published: June 2024

AbstractMetal thiophosphite has demonstrated promising application potential as an anode material for sodium‐ion batteries. Nevertheless, the intrinsic low electrical conductivity and drastic volume expansion impede its commercialization. Herein, a series of metal thiophosphite/Ti3C2Tx (metal = Fe, Ni, Co, and Cd) composites are constructed via Lewis acidic molten salt etching followed by synchronous phospho‐sulfurization. The Ti3C2Tx substrate endows the thiophosphite/Ti3C2Tx hybrids with high electrical conductivity. Importantly, thiophosphite grown on the MXene layers exhibits a 3D cross‐linked structure, which not only facilitates electron/ion transport, but also maintains robust structural stability owing to the space confinement effect. As a proof of concept, FePS3/Ti3C2Tx demonstrates remarkable rate performance (827.4 and 598.1 mAh g−1 at 0.1 and 10 A g−1, respectively) along with long‐term cycling stability (capacity retention of 93.7% after 2000 cycles at 5 A g−1). Impressively, the FePS3/Ti3C2Tx//NVPO full cell exhibits a high reversible capacity of 396.8 mAh g−1 over 1350 cycles at 2 A g−1. The sodium storage mechanism of FePS3/Ti3C2Tx anode is further unveiled through in situ XRD/ex situ HRTEM characterizations and theoretical calculations. This work provides a fresh perspective on enhancing the electrochemical performance of thiophosphite through the in situ construction of thiophosphite/Ti3C2Tx hybrids.
Transition Metal Ions Synergistic Bilayer H2O Pillared MXene Directing In Situ Ordered Embedding Growth of Highly Efficient NiFe Alloy Catalysts
Authors: Qiu Zhongjie , Wu Jiayan , Zhang Baolin , Song Huiyu , Cui Zhiming , Liang Zhenxing , Du Li 
Published: June 2024

AbstractEfficient, stable, and inexpensive electrocatalysts are essential to overcome the high overpotential and slow kinetics of the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) process during water electrolysis applications. 2D transition metal carbides (MXene) show great potential in functional heterogeneous interface engineering for electrocatalytic OER. However, it is still a challenge to regulate the interlayer space and realize the heterogeneous layer‐by‐layer ordered embedding for MXene. Herein, a simple hydrothermal‐assisted strategy is proposed to prepare highly conductive Ti3C2Tx MXene supported by synergized Ni2+, Co2+, and Fe3+ with bilayer H2O, which significantly enlarges the interlayer distances and improves the interlayer ion concentrations. Benefiting from modulated interface chemistry, embedded metal ions undergo multi‐directional in situ growth on the MXene substrate, thereby forming a stable 0D/2D@2D nano‐hybrid material (NiFe/MX‐HT). Combining density functional theory calculations with experiments demonstrates that MXene offers a framework for electron transfer, enhances the exposure of active sites, modulates the electronic structure, and greatly reduces the energy barrier of the rate‐determining step in the process of OER. Thus, NiFe/MX‐HT requires only 230 mV to achieve 10 mA cm−2 and maintains stability even after operating at 100 mA cm−2 for 150 h. This work offers new insights into exploring various functional MXene‐based heterogeneous materials.
Branched‐Tail Lipid Nanoparticles for Intravenous mRNA Delivery to Lung Immune, Endothelial, and Alveolar Cells in Mice
Authors: Petersen Daria M. Strelkova , Weiss Ryan M. , Hajj Khalid A. , Yerneni Saigopalakrishna S. , Chaudhary Namit , Newby Alexandra N. , Arral Mariah L. , Whitehead Kathryn A. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractLipid nanoparticles (LNPs) are proven safe and effective delivery systems on a global scale. However, their efficacy has been limited primarily to liver and immune cell targets. To extend the applicability of mRNA drugs, 580 ionizable lipidoids are synthesized and tested for delivery to extrahepatocellular targets. Of these, over 40 enabled protein expression in mice, with the majority transfecting the liver. Beyond the liver, several LNPs containing new, branched‐tail ionizable lipidoids potently delivered mRNA to the lungs, with cell‐level specificity depending on helper lipid chemistry. Incorporation of the neutral helper lipid 1,2‐dioleoyl‐sn‐glycero‐3‐phosphoethanolamine (DOPE) at 16 mol% enabled highly specific delivery to natural killer and dendritic cells within the lung. Although inclusion of the cationic lipid 1,2‐di‐(9Z‐octadecenoyl)‐3‐trimethylammonium‐propane (DOTAP) improved lung tropism, it decreased cell specificity, resulting in equal transfection of endothelial and lymphoid cells. DOTAP formulations are also less favorable than DOPE formulations because they elevated liver enzyme and cytokine levels. Together, these data identify a new branched‐tailed LNP with a unique ability to selectively transfect lung immune cell populations without the use of toxicity‐prone cationic helper lipids. This novel vehicle may unlock RNA therapies for lung diseases associated with immune cell dysregulation, including cancer, viral infections, and autoimmune disorders.
Fabrication of Isotope‐Enriched Nanostructures Using Ultrafast Laser Pulses under Ambient Conditions for Biomolecular Sensing
Authors: Premachandran Srilakshmi , Manickam Sivakumar , Tan Bo , Venkatakrishnan Krishnan 
Published: June 2024

AbstractRecent advances in the use of stable isotopes necessitate novel synthesis techniques for isotope separation and enrichment that are scalable and offer high throughput. Stable‐isotope‐enriched nanostructures can offer unique advantages as nanomedicines, safe tracers, and labels and are critical for applications in various industrial processes, metabolic research, and medicine. So far, there exists no method to synthesize miniature isotope‐enriched materials at the nanoscale. In this study, an ultrafast Laser‐induced isotope enrichment at nanoscale (LIIEN) is put forward to synthesize isotope‐enriched nanostructures, eliminating the need for large equipment and expenses, thereby demonstrating a lab‐scale isotope enrichment process. A significant isotope enrichment for Carbon nanostructures is observed. The isotope enrichment can be attributed to the redistribution of isotope ions in the plasma plume explained by the plasma centrifuge model. The LIIEN synthesized structures exhibit excellent Surface‐Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS) signal enhancement and reproducibility, making them potential candidates for SERS‐based biomolecule sensing. This technique is an efficient method to fabricate nanosized isotope‐enriched structures of characteristic properties by carefully tuning laser parameters at ambient conditions.
Copper‐Catalyzed Radical‐Induced Annulation‐Halo(bi)cyanomethylation of Indole‐Tethered 1,6‐Enynes toward Pyrrolo[1,2‐a]indoles
Authors: Zuo Hang‐Dong , Yuan Ya‐Yu , Chen Xi , Wang Ji‐Yun , Yan Sheng‐Hu , Zhang Yue , Liu Jian‐Wu 
Published: June 2024

AbstractA copper‐catalyzed radical‐induced annulation‐halocyanomethylation of indole‐linked 1,6‐enynes has been established using haloacetonitrile as radical precursors, enabling the synthesis of 21 cyanomethylated pyrrolo[1,2‐a]indoles with yields ranging from 42% to 81% and a Z/E ratio up to 19:1. Moreover, by adjusting the reaction temperature, a variation of the annulation‐bromobicyanomethylation process was achieved, resulting in the production of 12 bicyanomethylated pyrrolo[1,2‐a]indole isomers in yields of 41–68%. The stereoisomeric mixture of bicyanomethylated products could be purified to their pure configurations through recrystallization. The proposed reaction mechanism was formulated through a series of control experiments.
Quorum Sensing in Emulsion Droplet Swarms Driven by a Surfactant Competition System
Authors: de Visser Pieter J. , Karagrigoriou Dimitrios , Nguindjel Anne‐Déborah C. , Korevaar Peter A. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractQuorum sensing enables unicellular organisms to probe their population density and perform behavior that exclusively occurs above a critical density. Quorum sensing is established in emulsion droplet swarms that float at a water surface and cluster above a critical density. The design involves competition between 1) a surface tension gradient that is generated upon release of a surfactant from the oil droplets, and thereby drives their mutual repulsion, and 2) the release of a surfactant precursor from the droplets, that forms a strong imine surfactant which suppresses the surface tension gradient and thereby causes droplet clustering upon capillary (Cheerios) attraction. The production of the imine‐surfactant depends on the population density of the droplets releasing the precursor so that the clustering only occurs above a critical population density. The pH‐dependence of the imine‐surfactant formation is exploited to trigger quorum sensing upon a base stimulus: dynamic droplet swarms are generated that cluster and spread upon spatiotemporally varying acid and base conditions. Next, the clustering of two droplet subpopulations is coupled to a chemical reaction that generates a fluorescent signal. It is foreseen that quorum sensing enables control mechanisms in droplet‐based systems that display collective responses in contexts of, e.g., sensing, optics, or dynamically controlled droplet‐reactors.
A Transdermal Prion‐Bionics Supermolecule as a RAB3A Antagonist for Enhancing Facial Youthfulness
Authors: Liu Wenjia , Ding Fan , Yang Wenguang , You Weiming , Zhang Liqiang , He Wangxiao 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe mechanism research of skin wrinkles, conducted on volunteers underwent high‐intensity desk work and mice subjected to partial sleep deprivation, revealed a significant reduction in dermal thickness associated with the presence of wrinkles. This can be attributed to the activation of facial nerves in a state of hysteria due to an abnormally elevated interaction between SNAP25 and RAB3A proteins involved in the synaptic vesicle cycle (SVC). Facilitated by AI‐assisted structural design, a refined peptide called RSIpep is developed to modulate this interaction and normalize SVC. Drawing inspiration from prions, which possess the ability to protect themselves against proteolysis and invade neighboring nerve cells through macropinocytosis, RSIpep is engineered to demonstrate a GSH‐responsive reversible self‐assembly into a prion‐like supermolecule (RSIprion). RSIprion showcases protease resistance, micropinocytosis‐dependent cellular internalization, and low adhesion with constituent molecules in the cuticle, thereby endowing it with the transdermic absorption and subsequent biofunction in redressing the frenzied SVC. As a facial mud mask, it effectively reduces periorbital and perinasal wrinkles in the human face. Collectively, RSIprion not only presents a clinical potential as an anti‐wrinkle prion‐like supermolecule, but also exemplifies a reproducible instance of bionic strategy‐guided drug development that bestows transdermal ability upon the pharmaceutical molecule.
Polyoxometalate Clusters Confined in Reduced Graphene Oxide Membranes for Effective Ion Sieving and Desalination
Authors: Yang Yixin , Zhao Wan‐Lei , Liu Yubing , Wang Qin , Song Ziheng , Zhuang Qinghe , Chen Wei , Song Yu‐Fei 
Published: June 2024

AbstractEfficient 2D membranes play a critical role in water purification and desalination. However, most 2D membranes, such as graphene oxide (GO) membranes, tend to swell or disintegrate in liquid, making precise ionic sieving a tough challenge. Herein, the fabrication of the polyoxometalate clusters (PW12) intercalated reduced graphene oxide (rGO) membrane (rGO‐PW12) is reported through a polyoxometalate‐assisted in situ photoreduction strategy. The intercalated PW12 result in the interlayer spacing in the sub‐nanometer scale and induce a nanoconfinement effect to repel the ions in various salt solutions. The permeation rate of rGO‐PW12 membranes are about two orders of magnitude lower than those through the GO membrane. The confinement of nanochannels also generate the excellent non‐swelling stability of rGO‐PW12 membranes in aqueous solutions up to 400 h. Moreover, when applied in forward osmosis, the rGO‐PW12 membranes with a thickness of 90 nm not only exhibit a high‐water permeance of up to 0.11790 L m−2 h−1 bar−1 and high NaCl rejection (98.3%), but also reveal an ultrahigh water/salt selectivity of 4740. Such significantly improved ion‐exclusion ability and high‐water flux benefit from the multi‐interactions and nanoconfinement effect between PW12 and rGO nanosheets, which afford a well‐interlinked lamellar structure via hydrogen bonding and van der Waals interactions.