bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
On the manufacture and dating of the Pistoia choirbooks
Authors: MAIELLO JAMES VINCENT 
Published: March 2010

ABSTRACTPistoia, Archivio capitolare, manuscripts C.119, C.120 and C.121 – two twelfth-century graduals and a troper from the cathedral of San Zeno – are relatively small, undecorated choirbooks copied during a time when the cathedral chapter gained unprecedented wealth, power and autonomy. This study closely connects the choirbooks to their cultural milieu and specifically to two high-ranking Pistoiese clerics who were likely involved in their manufacture. By examining the political and social environment in which they were created, this article places the manuscripts in a specific historical context and uses paleographical and historical evidence to date them between 1108 and as early as 1116.
Enhancing the Ave Maria in the Ars Antiqua
Authors: ANDERSON MICHAEL ALAN 
Published: March 2010

ABSTRACTThe Ave Maria remains the most widely repeated prayer in Christian devotional life, and music has played a critical role in its formation and propagation. This article reviews the essential contribution of music in the dissemination of texts based on the original verses from the gospel of Luke, with new evidence concerning the tradition of affixing a petition to the core devotion. While the Ave Maria remained unfixed in form and function until the sixteenth century, this article presents three significant examples from the corpus of Ars Antiqua polyphony in which versions of the text that include both the biblical verses and a supplicatory conclusion are not only used, but are also emphasised through polyphonic techniques.
Patent oval foramen transcatheter closure: results of a strategy based on tailoring the device to the specific patient’s anatomy
Authors: Rigatelli Gianluca , Dell’Avvocata Fabio , Ronco Federico , Giordan Massimo , Cardaioli Paolo 
Published: March 2010

AbstractBackgroundUsually the literature results for device-closure of patent oval foramen concern a single type of device or different devices implanted without anatomical preferences. We propose a strategy of device type and selection based on intra-cardiac echocardiography measurements of inter-atrial septum characteristics.MethodsWe prospectively enrolled 100 consecutive patients with amean age of 43 plus or minus 15.5 years, 68 females, who had been referred to our centre for catheter-based closure of inter-atrial shunts over a 48-month period. On the basis of intra-cardiac echocardiography findings the operators selected the Amplatzer Occluder family (AGA Medical Corporation) or the Premere Closure System (St Jude Medical Inc.). Determinants of the selection process were presence and extension of atrial septal aneurysm, tunnel length, rims length, and thickness, presence of additional fenestrations.ResultsAccording on intra-cardiac echocardiography study, 26 patients have a long channel patent oval foramen, 44 patients had a large atrial septal aneurysm (more than four RL), 24 patients had a moderate atrial septal aneurysm (more than two RL but less than four right-to-left), and six patients had hypertrophic rims. Thus, the Amplatzer PFO Occluder was selected in 24 patients, the Amplatzer ASD Cribriform Occluder in 44 patients, and the Premere device in 32 cases. No aortic erosions, device thrombosis, or recurrent ischaemic cerebral events were observed. Pre-discharge and follow-up occlusion rates were 91% and 96%, respectively.ConclusionsOur study suggested that such strategy driven from identification and measurements of the right atrium and inter-atrial septum components resulted in low complications and high-success rates, mandatory conditions when facing with otherwise healthy subjects, such as the patients with patent oval foramen.
Use of an Amplatzer vascular occluding device to close a synthetic Blalock–Taussig shunt in an infant
Authors: Anderson Ben , Sholler Gary 
Published: March 2010

AbstractWe describe our experience with the closure of a synthetic Blalock–Taussig shunt using an Amplatzer vascular occluding device placed with the aid an exteriorised guidewire loop in an infant with congenital cardiac disease. The technique used in a neonate and the physiological benefits of this approach are discussed. We highlight the extended use of the Amplatzer vascular plug in this clinical setting and the advantages of using and the exteriorised guidewire loop for its placement.
TENSOR EXTENSION PROPERTIES OF C(K)-REPRESENTATIONS AND APPLICATIONS TO UNCONDITIONALITY
Authors: KRIEGLER CHRISTOPH , LE MERDY CHRISTIAN 
Published: March 2010

AbstractLet K be any compact set. The C*-algebra C(K) is nuclear and any bounded homomorphism from C(K) into B(H), the algebra of all bounded operators on some Hilbert space H, is automatically completely bounded. We prove extensions of these results to the Banach space setting, using the key concept ofR-boundedness. Then we apply these results to operators with a uniformly bounded H∞-calculus, as well as to unconditionality on Lp. We show that any unconditional basis on Lp ‘is’ an unconditional basis on L2 after an appropriate change of density.
Piggy in the Middle: Negotiation Techniques for the Librarian Caught Between a Finance Director and a Lawyer
Authors: Fogden Fiona 
Published: March 2010

AbstractFiona Fogden discusses how negotiation skills can be applied within the information service. She uses a case-study, which involves evaluating the renewal of a news subscription service and the importance of considering which people may be involved in that negotiation, to illustrate her advice.
Differences in Classification and Retrieval Requirements on a Public Information Website and a Specialist Site for Advisers
Authors: Dawson Katherine 
Published: March 2010

AbstractKatherine Dawson, from Citizens Advice Information Team, explains how they have developed and maintain two separate databases of information, using various metadata and classification tools. Adviceguide is a free site for the general public to access information on the legal and societal issues of daily living. Advisernet is a more detailed site giving in-depth information to advisers working in Bureaux.
Proving You're Worth It: Managing An Information Department In Challenging Times
Authors: Wolffsohn Pamela 
Published: March 2010

AbstractThis article results from the Pre-Conference Seminar presented at the BIALL Conference in June 2009 by Victoria Jannetta and Pamela Wolffsohn. Having both raised their Information Department's profiles in a better economic climate, they shared how they created opportunities to establish good positioning in their firms. They also addressed the challenges we now face in these frostier times. This was a workshop and was brought to life by spirited discussions, potential solutions and ideas on how to deal with problems faced by many of us – reduced resources and headcount.
The Use and Construction of Thesauri for Legal Documentation
Authors: Broughton Vanda 
Published: March 2010

AbstractVanda Broughton describes the methodology of constructing a thesaurus from a faceted classification for law (Bliss Bibliographic Classification 2nd ed. Class S). The structure of the classification is described, and the way in which the thesaural relationships are derived from this is demonstrated. Recent work to automate the process, using the encoded classification data used for the schedule display and alphabetical index, is explained. Examples of the way in which this functions are included, and an analysis of the output shows where editorial work will help to improve the resulting thesaurus.
Disruption of root carbon transport into forest humus stimulates fungal opportunists at the expense of mycorrhizal fungi
Authors: Lindahl Björn D , de Boer Wietse , Finlay Roger D 
Published: March 2010

Abstract
Ectomycorrhizal fungi dominate the humus layers of boreal forests. They depend on carbohydrates that are translocated through roots, via fungal mycelium to microsites in the soil, wherein they forage for nutrients. Mycorrhizal fungi are therefore sensitive to disruptive disturbances that may restrict their carbon supply. By disrupting root connections, we induced a sudden decline in mycorrhizal mycelial abundance and studied the consequent effects on growth and activity of free living, saprotrophic fungi and bacteria in pine forest humus, using molecular community analyses in combination with enzyme activity measurements. Ectomycorrhizal fungi had decreased in abundance 14 days after root severing, but the abundance of certain free-living ascomycetes was three times higher within 5 days of the disturbance compared with undisturbed controls. Root disruption also increased laccase production by an order of magnitude and cellulase production by a factor of 5. In contrast, bacterial populations seemed little affected. The results indicate that access to an external carbon source enables mycorrhizal fungi to monopolise the humus, but disturbances may induce rapid growth of opportunistic saprotrophic fungi that presumably use the dying mycorrhizal mycelium. Studies of such functional shifts in fungal communities, induced by disturbance, may shed light on mechanisms behind nutrient retention and release in boreal forests. The results also highlight the fundamental problems associated with methods that study microbial processes in soil samples that have been isolated from living roots.
Detection of multiple Bartonella species in digestive and reproductive tissues of fleas collected from sympatric mammals
Authors: Brinkerhoff R Jory , Kabeya Hidenori , Inoue Kai , Bai Ying , Maruyama Soichi 
Published: March 2010

Abstract
At least 12 species in the genus Bartonella are zoonotic pathogens that may be transmitted among mammalian hosts by fleas or other arthropods. Apparent host specificity by some Bartonella species to mammalian hosts has been observed, and the detection of multiple Bartonella species in mammalian fleas suggests that fleas take bloodmeals from a variety of host species. However, many flea species are observed to parasitize a narrow host range. Therefore, we suspect that fleas may acquire Bartonella by a mechanism other than ingesting infectious blood. We found that detection of multiple Bartonella genotypes and species is apparently common in fleas and that the majority of fleas tested (5/9) carried Bartonella species atypical of their hosts. We also detected Bartonella DNA in flea reproductive tissues, suggesting that vertical transmission of this organism in vectors is possible, potentially leading to the accumulation of Bartonella diversity over time within fleas.
Effects of Lips and Hands on Auditory Learning of Second-Language Speech Sounds
Authors: Hirata Yukari , Kelly Spencer D. 
Published: March 2010

PurposePrevious research has found that auditory training helps native English speakers to perceive phonemic vowel length contrasts in Japanese, but their performance did not reach native levels after training. Given that multimodal information, such as lip movement and hand gesture, influences many aspects of native language processing, the authors examined whether multimodal input helps to improve native English speakers' ability to perceive Japanese vowel length contrasts.MethodSixty native English speakers participated in 1 of 4 types of training: (a) audio-only; (b) audio-mouth; (c) audio-hands; and (d) audio-mouth-hands. Before and after training, participants were given phoneme perception tests that measured their ability to identify short and long vowels in Japanese (e.g., /kato/ vs. /katoː/).ResultsAlthough all 4 groups improved from pre- to posttest (replicating previous research), the participants in the audio-mouth condition improved more than those in the audio-only condition, whereas the 2 conditions involving hand gestures did not.ConclusionsSeeing lip movements during training significantly helps learners to perceive difficult second-language phonemic contrasts, but seeing hand gestures does not. The authors discuss possible benefits and limitations of using multimodal information in second-language phoneme learning.
Visual Influences on Alignment to Voice Onset Time
Authors: Sanchez Kauyumari , Miller Rachel M. , Rosenblum Lawrence D. 
Published: March 2010

PurposeSpeech shadowing experiments were conducted to test whether alignment (inadvertent imitation) to voice onset time (VOT) can be influenced by visual speech information.MethodExperiment 1 examined whether alignment would occur to auditory /pa/ syllables manipulated to have 3 different VOTs. Nineteen female participants were asked to listen to 180 syllables over headphones and to say each syllable out loud quickly and clearly. In Experiment 2, visual speech tokens composed of a face articulating /pa/ syllables at 2 different rates were dubbed onto the audio /pa/ syllables of Experiment 1. Sixteen new female participants were asked to listen to and watch (over a video monitor) 180 syllables and to say each syllable out loud quickly and clearly.ResultsResults of Experiment 1 showed that the 3 VOTs of the audio /pa/ stimuli influenced the VOTs of the participants' produced syllables. Results of Experiment 2 revealed that both the visible syllable rate and audio VOT of the audiovisual /pa/ stimuli influenced the VOTs of the participants' produced syllables.ConclusionThese results show that, like auditory speech, visual speech information can induce speech alignment to a phonetically relevant property of an utterance.
Maternal Interactions With a Hearing and Hearing-Impaired Twin: Similarities and Differences in Speech Input, Interaction Quality, and Word Production
Authors: Lam Christa , Kitamura Christine 
Published: March 2010

Purpose
This study examined a mother’s speech style and interactive behaviors with her twin sons: 1 with bilateral hearing impairment (HI) and the other with normal hearing (NH).

Method
The mother was video-recorded interacting with her twin sons when the boys were 12.5 and 22 months of age. Mean F0, F0 range, duration, and F1/F2 vowel space of the corner vowels /i/, /u/, and /a/ were compared in her infant-directed (ID) and adult-directed (AD) speech. The interactions were also coded for emotional availability, and vocabulary size was collected at 17 and 22 months.

Results
Acoustic analyses revealed no difference among mean F0, F0 range, and duration between the twins. In contrast, when the corner vowels were plotted in F1/F2 vowel space, the results showed a diminished vowel space in speech to the HI twin compared to the NH twin. Ratings of emotional availability were lower for the HI than the NH twin, but the HI twin had a larger expressive vocabulary on both occasions, albeit in the lower percentile.

Conclusions
The mother appears more focused on maintaining the attention of the HI infant using the typical ID exaggerations to prosody and overlooking linguistic features such as the hyperarticulation of her vowels. The results have implications for early intervention strategies.
Relationships Between Speech Intelligibility and Word Articulation Scores in Children With Hearing Loss
Authors: Ertmer David J. 
Published: March 2010

Purpose
This investigation sought to determine whether scores from a commonly used word-based articulation test are closely associated with speech intelligibility in children with hearing loss. If the scores are closely related, articulation testing results might be used to estimate intelligibility. If not, the importance of direct assessment of intelligibility is reinforced.

Method
Forty-four children with hearing losses produced words from the Goldman Fristoe Test of Articulation—Second Edition (Goldman & Fristoe, 2000) and sets of 10 short sentences. Correlation analyses were conducted between scores for 7 word-based predictor variables and percent-intelligible scores derived from listener judgments of stimulus sentences.

Results
Six of 7 predictor variables were significantly correlated with percent-intelligible scores. However, regression analysis revealed that no single predictor variable or multivariable model accounted for more than 25% of the variability in intelligibility scores.

Conclusions
The findings confirm the importance of assessing connected speech intelligibility directly.
Numerical simulations of alternating current loss of high temperature superconductors in the liquid nitrogen region
Authors: Zhao Yu-Feng , He Tian-Hu 
Published: March 2010

The frequency f and amplitude B0 of applied magnetic field dependence of the loss behavior in the liquid nitrogen region is studied in high temperature superconducting slabs. The magnetothermal diffusion equations based on the power-law model are presented in this paper to estimate the effect of f and B0 on the loss. Numerical results obtained show that, generally, the loss is proportional to B03 in the nonpenetration field and to B0 in the penetration field, and the loss power is proportional to f whether the magnetic field penetrates it or not.
This article is being retracted effective 12 April 2012.
Galaxy and Mass Assembly (GAMA): Optimal Tiling of Dense Surveys with a Multi-Object Spectrograph
Authors: Robotham A. , Driver S. P. , Norberg P. , Baldry I. K. , Bamford S. P. , Hopkins A. M. , Liske J. , Loveday J. , Peacock J. A. , Cameron E. , Croom S. M. , Doyle I. F. , Frenk C. S. , Hill D. T. , Jones D. H. , van Kampen E. , Kelvin L. S. , Kuijken K. , Nichol R. C. , Parkinson H. R. , Popescu C. C. , Prescott M. , Sharp R. G. , Sutherland W. J. , Thomas D. , Tuffs R. J. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractA heuristic greedy algorithm is developed for efficiently tiling spatially dense redshift surveys. In its first application to the Galaxy and MassAssembly (GAMA) redshift survey we find it rapidly improves the spatial uniformity of our data, and naturally corrects for any spatial bias introduced by the 2dF multi-object spectrograph. We make conservative predictions for the final state of the GAMA redshift survey after our final allocation of time, and can be confident that even if worse than typical weather affects our observations, all of our main survey requirements will be met.
VisuaLRTC: A New View on Lateral Root Initiation by Combining Specific Transcriptome Data Sets
Authors: Parizot Boris , De Rybel Bert , Beeckman Tom 
Published: March 2010

Abstract
Lateral root initiation and development has been increasingly studied over the last two decades. This postembryonic organogenic process guarantees the spatial development and plasticity of the root system in response to environmental cues and is crucial for the plant's growth and development. Several independent large-scale transcriptome studies in different species resulted in a wealth of data that can be instructive to understand this process at the molecular level. Here, we present an easy and flexible spreadsheet tool, called Visual Lateral Root Transcriptome Compendium, that combines publicly available data sets involved in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) lateral root development and links them with additional information on tissue-specific expression and cell cycle involvement, thus allowing the extraction of novel information from existing data sets in a visual and user-friendly manner. We believe that this tool will be valuable not only for root biologists but also for a broader range of scientists as it enables a fast indication of the potential involvement of a given gene during de novo organogenesis.
Influence of Sulfur Deficiency on the Expression of Specific Sulfate Transporters and the Distribution of Sulfur, Selenium, and Molybdenum in Wheat
Authors: Shinmachi Fumie , Buchner Peter , Stroud Jacqueline L. , Parmar Saroj , Zhao Fang-Jie , McGrath Steve P. , Hawkesford Malcolm J. 
Published: March 2010

Abstract
Interactions between sulfur (S) nutritional status and sulfate transporter expression in field-grown wheat (Triticum aestivum) were investigated using Broadbalk +S and −S treatments (S fertilizer withheld) at Rothamsted, United Kingdom. In 2008, S, sulfate, selenium (Se), and molybdenum (Mo) concentrations and sulfate transporter gene expression were analyzed throughout development. Total S concentrations were lower in all tissues of −S plants, principally as a result of decreased sulfate pools. S, Se, and Mo concentrations increased in vegetative tissues until anthesis, and thereafter, with the exception of Mo, decreased until maturity. At maturity, most of the S and Se were localized in the grain, indicating efficient remobilization from vegetative tissues, whereas less Mo was remobilized. At maturity, Se and Mo were enhanced 7- and 3.7-fold, respectively, in −S compared with +S grain, while grain total S was not significantly reduced. Enhanced expression of sulfate transporters, for example Sultr1;1 and Sultr4;1, in −S plants explains the much increased accumulation of Se and Mo (7- and 3.7-fold compared with +S in grain, respectively). Sultr5;2 (mot1), thought to be involved in Mo accumulation in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), did not fully explain patterns of Mo distribution; it was expressed in all tissues, decreasing in leaf and increasing in roots under −S conditions, and was expressed in florets at anthesis but not in grain at any other time. In conclusion, S fertilizer application has a marked impact on Mo and Se distribution and accumulation, which is at least partially a result of altered gene expression of the sulfate transporter family.
Plant functional type classifications in tropical dry forests in Costa Rica: leaf habit versus taxonomic approaches
Authors: Powers Jennifer S. , Tiffin Peter 
Published: March 2010

Summary 1. One way to simplify the high taxonomic diversity of plant species in vegetation models is to place species into groups based on shared, dominant traits. Many studies have suggested that morphological and physiological traits of tropical dry forest tree species vary with leaf habit (i.e. leaves from evergreen, deciduous or semi‐deciduous species) and thus this characteristic may serve as a useful way to distinguish ecologically meaningful functional types. 2. In this study we examine whether 10 plant traits vary with leaf habit in replicated leaves and individual trees of 87 species from a tropical dry forest in Costa Rica. We also looked for evidence of phylogenetic conservatism, i.e. closely related species sharing similar trait values compared to more distantly related taxa. 3. While some of the traits varied within and among individual trees of the same species, interspecific variation accounted for 57–83% of the variance among samples. Four traits in addition to leaf habit showed evidence of phylogenetic conservatism, but these results were strongly dependent on the inclusion of the 18 species of legumes (Fabaceae) in our dataset. Contrary to our predictions, none of the traits we measured differed among leaf habits. However, five traits (wood density, leaf C, leaf N, N/P and C/N) varied significantly between legumes and other functional types. Furthermore, when all high‐nitrogen non‐legume taxa were compared to the high‐nitrogen legumes, six traits excluding leaf N differed significantly, indicating that legumes are functionally different from other tree species beyond high N concentrations. Similarly, the 18 legume taxa (which all have compound leaves) also differed from other compound‐leaved species for six traits, thus leaf type does not explain these patterns. 4. Our main conclusions are that (i) a plant functional type classification based on leaf habit alone has little utility in the tropical dry forest we studied, and (ii) legumes have a different suite of traits including high leaf carbon and wood density in addition to high leaf nitrogen. Whether this result generalizes to other tropical forests is unknown, but merits future research due to the consequences of these traits for carbon storage and ecosystem processes.