bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric Reductive Amination by Combined Broensted Acid and Transition‐Metal Catalysis.
Authors: Klussmann Martin 
Published: December 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric Amino Acid Synthesis by the Asymmetric Alkylation of Glycine Derivatives with Chiral Spiro‐Type and Simplified Phase‐Transfer Catalysts
Authors: Maruoka Keiji 
Published: December 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: [8 + 2] Cycloaddition Reactions in the Construction of Heterocycles
Authors: Nair Vijay , Abhilash K. Gopalakrishnan 
Published: December 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Heterocycles via Pyrylium and Pyridinium Betaines
Authors: Radhakrishnan K. V. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Chemical Constituents of Plants from the Genus Xylocarpus
Authors: Shen Li‐Ru , Guo Dong , Yu Yue‐Mei , Yin Bao‐Wei , Zhao Lei , Shi Qing‐Wen , Wang Yong‐Li , Huo Chang‐Hong 
Published: December 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Das elastische Jahrhundert. Synthesekautschuke
Authors: Kloppenburg Heike , Groß Thomas , Mezger Martin , Wrana Claus 
Published: December 2009

AbstractSynthetische Kautschuke lösen immer mehr Aufgaben, in denen Elastizität gefragt, Naturkautschuk auf Grund seiner Empfindlichkeit gegenüber UV‐Licht, Ozon und Hitze aber überfordert ist: Über die Hälfte der heute verbrauchten Kautschuke stammen aus den Reaktoren der Chemischen Industrie. Synthesekautschuke sind ihrem natürlichen “Vorbild” nicht nur in Sachen Alterungs‐ und Chemikalienbeständigkeit überlegen: Sie können äußerst effektiv an immer neue Anforderungen angepasst werden – etwa durch Variation ihrer Zusammensetzung und Molekülarchitektur, durch Einsatz neuer Katalysatoren und Produktionsverfahren und nachträgliche Modifikation des Polymers. Diese Entwicklungsarbeiten erfordern ein vertieftes Verständnis der Gummichemie und ‐Physik.
Long‐term outcomes after hepatic resection for colorectal metastases in young patients
Authors: de Haas Robbert J. , Wicherts Dennis A. , Salloum Chadi , Andreani Paola , Sotirov Dobromir , Adam René , Castaing Denis , Azoulay Daniel 
Published: December 2009

AbstractBACKGROUND:Long‐term outcomes after hepatectomy for colorectal liver metastases in relatively young patients are still unknown. The aim of the current study was to evaluate long‐term outcomes in patients ≤40 years old, and to compare them with patients >40 years old.METHODS:All consecutive patients who underwent hepatectomy for colorectal liver metastases at the authors' hospital between 1990 and 2006 were included in the study. Patients ≤40 years old were compared with all other patients treated during the same period. Overall survival (OS), progression‐free survival (PFS), and disease‐free survival (DFS) rates were determined, and prognostic factors were identified.RESULTS:In total, 806 patients underwent hepatectomy for colorectal liver metastases, of whom 56 (7%) were aged ≤40 years. Among the young patients, more colorectal liver metastases were present at diagnosis, and they were more often diagnosed synchronous with the primary tumor. Five‐year OS was 33% in young patients, compared with 51% in older patients (P = .12). Five‐year PFS was 2% in young patients, compared with 16% in older patients (P < .001). DFS rates were comparable between the groups (17% vs 23%, P = .10). At multivariate analysis, age ≤40 years was identified as an independent predictor of poor PFS.CONCLUSIONS:In young patients, colorectal liver metastases seem to be more aggressive, with a trend toward lower OS, more disease recurrences, and a significantly shorter PFS after hepatectomy. However, DFS rates were comparable between young and older patients, owing to an aggressive multimodality treatment approach, consisting of chemotherapy and repeat surgery. Therefore, physicians should recognize the poor outcome of colorectal liver metastases in young patients and should consider an aggressive approach to diagnosis and early treatment. Cancer 2010. © 2009 American Cancer Society.
Are patients of low socioeconomic status receiving suboptimal management for pancreatic adenocarcinoma?
Authors: Cheung Michael C. , Yang Relin , Byrne Margaret M. , Solorzano Carmen C. , Nakeeb Attila , Koniaris Leonidas G. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractBACKGROUND:The objective of this study was to define the effects of socioeconomic status (SES) and other demographic variables on outcomes for patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma.METHODS:Florida cancer registry and inpatient hospital data were queried for pancreatic adenocarcinoma diagnosed from 1998 to 2002.RESULTS:In total, 16,104 patients were identified. Low SES (LSES) patients were younger at diagnosis (P < .001) but presented with similar disease stage and tumor grade. LSES patients were less likely to receive surgical extirpation (16.5% vs 19.8%; P < .001), chemotherapy (30.7% vs 36.4%; P < .001), or radiotherapy (14.3% vs 16.9%; P = .003). Among surgical patients, 30‐day mortality was significantly higher (5.1% vs 3.7%; P < .001) and overall median survival was significantly worse (5.0 months vs 6.2 months; P < .001) in the LSES cohorts. Although surgical patients who were treated at teaching facilities (TF) did significantly better; an increased 30‐day surgical mortality (2.2% vs 1.3%; P < .001) and decreased median survival (5 months for poverty level >15% vs 6.2 months for poverty level <5%; P < .001) also were observed for patients of LSES. In a multivariate analysis that corrected for patient comorbidities, significant independent predictors of a poorer prognosis included LSES (hazard ratio [HR], 1.09); treatment at a non‐TF (HR, 1.09); and failure to receive surgical extirpation (HR, 1.92), chemotherapy (HR 1.41), or radiation (HR 1.25).CONCLUSIONS:Patients of LSES were less likely to receive surgical extirpation, chemotherapy, or radiation and had significantly higher perioperative and long‐term mortality rates. A greater understanding of the barriers to providing optimal care and identifying means for improving successful delivery of therapies to the poor with pancreatic cancer are needed. Cancer 2010. © 2009 American Cancer Society.
Life expectancy of screen‐detected invasive breast cancer patients compared with women invited to the Nijmegen screening program
Authors: Otten Johannes D. M. , Broeders Mireille J. M. , Den Heeten Gerard J. , Holland Roland , Fracheboud Jacques , De Koning Harry J. , Verbeek André L. M. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractBACKGROUND:Screening can lead to earlier detection of breast cancer and thus to an improvement in survival. The authors studied the life expectancy of women with screen‐detected invasive breast cancer (patients) compared with women invited to the breast cancer screening program in Nijmegen, the Netherlands (comparison group).METHODS:Each patient diagnosed between 1975 and 2006 was randomly age‐matched with a woman invited in the same calendar year and free from breast cancer at the time of diagnosis of the patient. Survival analyses were performed to study differences in life expectancy.RESULTS:The life expectancy for 858 patients was 6 years shorter than for the comparison group. However, for 360 patients with small (<15 mm) invasive breast cancer, life expectancy was similar to that of the comparison group. In contrast, for patients detected with larger tumors (≥15 mm) the life expectancy was 6 to 12 years shorter, depending on tumor size. Furthermore, life expectancy was modified by screening history. For patients who had a negative screening examination 2 years before the detection of their breast cancer, the difference in life expectancy from the comparison group became smaller for the larger tumor sizes (≥15 mm).CONCLUSIONS:In conclusion, about 40% (360 of 858) of all women with invasive screen‐detected breast cancer have the same life expectancy as women from the comparison group (reflecting the general population). For women diagnosed with larger tumors at diagnosis, life expectancy diminishes with increasing tumor size and is modified by screening history. Cancer 2010. © 2009 American Cancer Society.
Retinal photoreceptor arrangement, SWS1 and LWS opsin sequence, and electroretinography in the South American marsupial Thylamys elegans (Waterhouse, 1839)
Authors: Palacios Adrián G. , Bozinovic Francisco , Vielma Alex , Arrese Catherine A. , Hunt David M. , Peichl Leo 
Published: December 2009

AbstractWe studied the retinal photoreceptors in the mouse opossum Thylamys elegans, a nocturnal South American marsupial. A variety of photoreceptor properties and color vision capabilities have been documented in Australian marsupials, and we were interested to establish what similarities and differences this American marsupial showed. Thylamys opsin gene sequencing revealed two cone opsins, a longwave‐sensitive (LWS) opsin and a shortwave‐sensitive (SWS1) opsin with deduced peak sensitivities at 560 nm and 360 nm (ultraviolet), respectively. Immunocytochemistry located these opsins to separate cone populations, a majority of LWS cones (density range 1,600–5,600/mm2) and a minority of SWS1 cones (density range 100–690/mm2). With rod densities of 440,000–590,000/mm2, the cones constituted 0.4–1.2% of the photoreceptors. This is a suitable adaptation to nocturnal vision. Cone densities peaked in a horizontally elongated region ventral to the optic nerve head. In ventral—but not dorsal—retina, roughly 40% of the LWS opsin‐expressing cones occurred as close pairs (double cones), and one member of each double cone contained a colorless oil droplet. The corneal electroretinogram (ERG) showed a high scotopic sensitivity with a rod peak sensitivity at 505 nm. At mesopic light levels, the spectral ERG revealed the contributions of a UV‐sensitive SWS1 cone mechanism and an LWS cone mechanism with peak sensitivities at 365 nm and 555 nm, respectively, confirming the tuning predictions from the cone opsin sequences. The two spectral cone types provide the basis for dichromatic color vision, or trichromacy if the rods contribute to color processing at mesopic light levels. J. Comp. Neurol. 518:1589–1602, 2010. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Neurogenin 3 cellular and subcellular localization in the developing and adult hippocampus
Authors: Simon‐Areces Julia , Membrive Gema , Garcia‐Fernandez Carmen , Garcia‐Segura Luis Miguel , Arevalo Maria‐Angeles 
Published: December 2009

AbstractNeurogenin 3 (Ngn3), a proneural gene controlled by the Notch receptor, is implicated in the control of dendrite morphology and synaptic plasticity of cultured hippocampal neurons. Here we report the localization and subcellular distribution of Ngn3 in the hippocampus in vivo and in neuronal cultures. In situ hybridization showed Ngn3 mRNA expression in the pyramidal layer and dentate gyrus of adult mouse hippocampus. Immunohistochemistry studies revealed that Ngn3 localization is mostly cytoplasmic in the hippocampal eminence at embryonic day (E)17 and postnatal day (P)0. At P10 it is cytoplasmic in CA1–CA3 pyramidal neurons and nuclear in granule cells of the dentate gyrus. In the adult hippocampus Ngn3 is localized in the nucleus and cytoplasm of both pyramidal neurons and granule cells. During development of cultured hippocampal neurons, Ngn3 mRNA expression is higher at stages of neuronal polarization, as judged by reverse‐transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR), and it is mostly cytoplasmic. The tracking of the subcellular localization of Ngn3 in neurons infected with a virus expressing myc‐Ngn3 suggests that the protein is quickly translocated to the cell nucleus after synthesis and then reexported to the cytoplasm. Treatment with leptomycinB, a potent and specific inhibitor of the exportin CRM1, induced its accumulation into the nucleus, suggesting that CRM1 mediates the nuclear export of Ngn3. These results suggest that Ngn3 may play a role in neuronal development by actions in the cytoplasm. J. Comp. Neurol. 518:1814–1824, 2010. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Role of sensory activity on chemospecific populations of interneurons in the adult olfactory bulb
Authors: Bastien‐Dionne Pierre‐Olivier , David Linda S. , Parent André , Saghatelyan Armen 
Published: December 2009

AbstractThe olfactory bulb (OB) retains a remarkable capacity to renew its interneuronal populations throughout the lifespan of animals. Neuronal precursors giving rise to the bulbar interneurons are generated in the subventricular zone and have to migrate long distances before reaching the OB. In the adult OB these neuronal precursors differentiate into distinct neuronal types, including GABAergic cells located in the granule cell layer and a diverse set of neurons in the glomerular layer comprising GABAergic and dopaminergic interneurons, as well as other neuronal subtypes expressing calretinin and calbindin. While the role of sensory activity in the integration and/or survival of newly generated cells in the olfactory system is well established, very little is known about how odorant‐induced activity affects fate specification of newborn cells as well as survival and fate maintenance of preexisting neuronal populations generated in adulthood. The present study demonstrates that sensory deprivation diminishes not only the number of newborn cells in the OB, but also reduces the density of granule and periglomerular cells generated before nostril occlusion. It also shows that sensory activity has an important influence on the development and expression of dopaminergic, but not GABAergic, calretinin or calbindin phenotypes. Our data reveal that odorant‐induced activity is important for the survival of both newborn and preexisting OB interneurons generated at adulthood and suggests that these chemospecific populations are differentially affected by sensory deprivation. J. Comp. Neurol. 518:1847–1861, 2010. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Systematic Dielectric and NMR Study of the Ionic Liquid 1‐Alkyl‐3‐Methyl Imidazolium
Authors: Nakamura Kenji , Shikata Toshiyuki 
Published: December 2009

AbstractThe dynamic behaviors of ionic liquid samples consisting of a series of 1‐alkyl‐3‐methylimidazolium cations and various counteranionic species are investigated systematically over a wide frequency range from 1 MHz to 20 GHz at room temperature using dielectric relaxation (DR) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopies. DR spectra for the ionic liquids are reasonably deconvoluted into two or three relaxation modes. The slowest relaxation times are strongly dependent upon sample viscosity and cation size, whereas the relaxation times of other modes are almost independent of these factors. We attribute the two slower relaxation modes to the rotational relaxation modes of the dipolar cations because the correlation times of the cations evaluated using longitudinal relaxation time (T1 13C NMR) measurements corresponded to the dielectric relaxation times. On the other hand, the fastest relaxation mode is presumably related to the inter‐ion motions of ion‐pairs formed between cationic and anionic species. In the case of the ionic liquid bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide, the system shows marked dielectric relaxation behavior due to rotational motion of dipolar anionic species in addition to the relaxation modes attributed to the dipolar cations.
Iridium CVD using di‐µ‐Chloro‐tetrakis(trifluorophosphine)‐ diiridium (I) Precursor, in‐situ generated from Chlorotetrakis(trifluorophosphine)iridium
Authors: Tran Phong Dinh , Barthes‐Labrousse Marie‐Geneviève , Doppelt Pascal 
Published: December 2009

AbstractThe CVD of iridium thin films using di‐µ‐chloro‐tetrakis(trifluorophosphine)diiridium(I) as the precursor is presented. This inorganic, volatile, and unstable precursor is supplied in‐situ into the CVD reactor by the decomposition reaction of chlorotetrakis(trifluorophosphine)iridium, a more air‐stable but more thermally sensitive compound. By using this carbon‐ and oxygen‐free precursor, condensed, conformal, and highly pure iridium metallic films are grown on SiO2/Si and Ta/TaN substrates at growth temperatures as low as 200 °C. The dependence of the deposition process, and characteristics of iridium‐deposited films such as morphology, microstructure, and chemical composition, on deposition temperature and the nature of the carrier gas (N2 or O2) are also investigated.
CVD in Weakly Rarefied Rotating Disk Flows
Authors: Zhang Taichang , Zhang Peng , Law Chung K. , Qi Fei 
Published: December 2009

AbstractCVD in a weakly rarefied rotating disk flow is numerically investigated using the SPIN code modified by including slip boundary conditions for velocity, concentration, and temperature, and thereby extending the capability of the code to describe weakly rarefied flows. A model reaction mechanism for silicon deposition, including the gas‐phase decomposition of silane to silylene and the surface reactions of silane and silylene, is used in order to demonstrate rarefied gas effects. Results show that, by taking into account the temperature slip, the deposition rate decreases from its value based on the continuum model, mainly due to either the decrease of the concentration of silylene, which is the dominant deposition species at high temperatures, or the decrease of the sticking coefficient of silane, which is the dominant deposition species at low temperatures. Compared to that of the temperature slip, the influence on the deposition rate of the velocity and concentration slips is negligible.
A multiple relay‐based medium access control protocol in multirate wirelessad hocnetworks with multiple beam antennas
Authors: Chen Yuh‐Shyan , Hsu Chih‐Shun , Chen Po‐Ta 
Published: December 2009

AbstractThe advanced technique of multiple beam antennas is recently considered in wireless networks to improve the system throughput by increasing spatial reuse, reducing collisions, and avoiding co‐channel interference. The usage of multiple beam antennas is similar to the concept of Space Division Multiple Access (SDMA), while each beam can be treated as a data channel. Wireless networks can increase the total throughput and decrease the transmission latency if the physical layer of a mobile node can support multirate capability. Multirate wireless networks incurs theanomalyproblem, because low data rate hosts may influence the original performance of high data rate hosts. In this work, each node fits out multiple beam antennas with multirate capability, and a node can either simultaneously transmit or receive multiple data on multiple beams. Observe that the transmitting or receiving operation does not happen at the same time. In this paper, we propose a multiple relay‐based medium access control (MAC) protocol to improve the throughput for low data rate hosts. Our MAC protocol exploits multiple relay nodes and helps the source and the destination to create more than one data channel to significantly reduce the transmission latency. Observe that low data rate links with long‐distance transmission latencies are distributed by multiple relay nodes, hence the anomaly problem can be significantly alleviated. In addition, the ACK synchronization problem is solved to avoid the condition that source nodes do not receive ACKs from destination nodes. An adjustment operation is presented to reduce unnecessary relay nodes during the fragment burst period. Finally, simulation results illustrate that our multiple relay‐based MAC protocol can achieve high throughput and low transmission latency. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Group entitativity and similarity: Their differing patterns in perceptions of groups
Authors: Crump Sara A. , Hamilton David L. , Sherman Steven J. , Lickel Brian , Thakkar Vinita 
Published: December 2009

AbstractThree studies were conducted to investigate the relation between perceptions of group entitativity and group similarity. The first two studies tested whether entitativity and similarity would be perceived differently in participants' ingroups and outgroups. Across several different group types, we found that, in comparison to outgroups, ingroups were perceived to be relatively more entitative than outgroups, whereas outgroup members were perceived to be highly similar in comparison to ingroup members. The results of Study 3 showed that manipulation of group entitativity influenced perceptions of group entitativity but not of group similarity, whereas manipulation of similarity influenced perceptions of group similarity but not of group entitativity. The results of these studies provide support for the contention that entitativity and similarity are distinct (though related) concepts that function differently in group perception. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Quality, quantity, and impact in academic publication
Authors: Haslam Nick , Laham Simon M. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractPublication records of 85 social‐personality psychologists were tracked from the time of their doctoral studies until 10 years post‐PhD. Associations between publication quantity (number of articles), quality (mean journal impact factor and article influence score), and impact (citations, h‐index, g‐index, webpage visits) were examined. Publication quantity and quality were only modestly related, and there was evidence of a quality‐quantity trade‐off. Impact was more strongly associated with quantity than quality. Authors whose records weighed quality over quantity tended to be associated with more prestigious institutions, but had lesser impact. Quantity‐ and quality‐favoring publication strategies may have important implications for the shape and success of scientific careers. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Graft copolymerization modification of silk fabric with an organophosphorus flame retardant
Authors: Jinping Guan , Guoqiang Chen 
Published: December 2009

AbstractThis paper mainly deals with flame retardance of a silk fabric treated with a vinyl phosphate dimethyl 2‐(methacryloyloxyethyl) phosphate (DMMEP) onto silk fabric by a graft copolymerization technique. This paper also explores the relationship between limiting oxygen index (LOI) and weight gain of DMMEP treated silk fabric. The paper also investigates the whiteness, handle, tensile strength and laundering durability of treated silk fabric. Microscale combustion calorimetry (MCC) is applied to test the heat release rate of silk fabric. Thermal gravimetric analysis (TG) and differential thermal analysis (DTA) are carried out to investigate the thermal decomposition behavior of DMMEP treated silk fabric. The kinetic parameters, activation energy and pre‐exponential factor are determined using the Kissenger method. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.