bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification of copper carboxylates as degradation residues on an ancient manuscript
Authors: Aceto Maurizio , Agostino Angelo , Boccaleri Enrico , Crivello Fabrizio , Cerutti Garlanda Anna 
Published: March 2010

AbstractCopper carboxylates were identified as degradation residues on the surface of a metallic pigment used in the illumination and in the text of a 9th century Italian manuscript containing theHomilies on the Gospelsof Gregory the Great, belonging to the Archive and Chapter Library of Vercelli (Italy). These compounds are responsible of the greenish aspect that several text lines and decorated initials have developed over time from their original golden texture, starting from more than a century as could be guessed from the early 20th century descriptions of the manuscript by art historians. Further, Raman investigations carried out on a particle recovered from the gutters between folios allowed (1) the identification with good accuracy of the nature of these compounds, confirmed by scanning electron microscopy‐energy dispersive X‐ray (SEM‐EDX) analysis, (2) proposing a hypothesis on their origin as due to the interaction of copper with carboxylic acids and (3) making suggestions on the proper restoration intervention; moreover, evidence was found for similar compounds in three 9th–10th century Italian manuscripts coming from Bobbio abbey. Besides, the presence of orpiment in ink composition was verified and compared with citations in some medieval texts. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Thermostable L‐arabinose isomerase from Bacillus stearothermophilus IAM 11001 for D‐tagatose production: gene cloning, purification and characterisation
Authors: Cheng Lifang , Mu Wanmeng , Jiang Bo 
Published: March 2010

AbstractBACKGROUND: D‐Tagatose, as one of the rare sugars, has been found to be a natural and safe low‐calorie sweetener in food products and is classified as a GRAS substance. L‐Arabinose isomerase (L‐AI, EC 5.3.1.4), catalysing the isomerisations of L‐arabinose and D‐galactose to L‐ribulose and D‐tagatose respectively, is considered to be the most promising enzyme for the production of D‐tagatose.RESULTS: The araA gene encoding an L‐AI from Bacillus stearothermophilus IAM 11001 was cloned, sequenced and overexpressed in Escherichia coli. The gene is composed of 1491 bp nucleotides and codes for a protein of 496 amino acid residues. The recombinant L‐AI was purified to electrophoretical homogeneity by affinity chromatography. The purified enzyme was optimally active at 65 °C and pH 7.5 and had an absolute requirement for the divalent metal ion Mn2+ for both catalytic activity and thermostability. The enzyme was relatively active and stable at acidic pH of 6. The bioconversion yield of D‐galactose to D‐tagatose by the purified L‐AI after 12 h at 65 °C reached 36%.CONCLUSION: The purified L‐AI from B. stearothermophilus IAM 11001 was characterised and shown to be a good candidate for potential application in D‐tagatose production. Copyright © 2010 Society of Chemical Industry
Resilience and crime victimization
Authors: Dutton Mary Ann , Greene Rebecca 
Published: March 2010

AbstractWhat do we know about resilience in crime victimization? In this article, the authors discuss resilience defined as protective factors (e.g., personality characteristics, biological characteristics, social and cultural factors, and community characteristics); as a process of adaptation (e.g., self‐enhancement, positive cognitive appraisals, coping styles, and spirituality), including an iterative perspective on resilience as a cascade of protective processes; and as positive outcomes (e.g., lack of symptoms) following exposure to adverse events. Within each of these definitional frameworks, they consider general conceptual issues pertaining to resilience and then the small body of research that has focused specifically on resilience and some type of crime victimization. Research and clinical implications are discussed.
Velocity Sedimentation and Intrinsic Viscosity Analysis of Polystyrene Standards with a Wide Range of Molar Masses
Authors: Pavlov Georges M. , Perevyazko Igor , Schubert Ulrich S. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractAnalytical ultracentrifugation is one of the key methods among the molecular hydrodynamic methods of polymer science, biophysics, and colloid science. The aim of this work is to demonstrate the possibilities of a modern instrument, the Beckman XLI Analytical Ultracentrifuge, coupled with the now available software for the molecular characterization of synthetic polymers. For this purpose the classical system polystyrene in methyl ethylketone was investigated. The samples of low polydispersity index were studied in a 1 000‐fold interval of molar mass values. The exhaustive analysis of such hydrodynamic values as velocity sedimentation coefficient, frictional ratio, concentration Gralen coefficient, and intrinsic viscosity, was done. The values of partial specific volume, refractive index increment, and hydrodynamic invariants were also determined and discussed. The estimation of the statistical segment length (or persistent length) of polystyrene chains was made taking into account the intrachain excluded volume and draining effects (Gray–Bloomfield–Hearst theory). The obtained experimental data and results of its analysis allow the conclusion that the method of velocity sedimentation, coupled with the numerical solution of the Lamm equation, represents a powerful absolute characterization method for molar mass determination of flexible polymers of low polydispersity in relatively poor solvent.magnified image
Glycopolymers of Various Architectures—More than Mimicking Nature
Authors: Voit Brigitte , Appelhans Dietmar 
Published: March 2010

AbstractCarbohydrates have a highly important role in biological functions. The increasing understanding of their biological interactions has also triggered a strongly increased interest in the preparation of synthetic glycopolymers of various architectures and well‐defined structure which can mimic biological functions in a less complex environment. In the last few years synthetic approaches in polymer science have been refined and newly developed in order to achieve complex carbohydrate architectures and to make use of them in various areas like glycomics, biotechnology, biosensors, and medicine. Besides the use of especially controlled radical polymerization techniques, highly efficient polymer analogous reactions that can be carried out in aqueous media have been developed and applied to linear and dendritic macromolecules. Self assembly aspects and their effectiveness in biological functions have been assessed.magnified image
Homogeneous Detection of Trypsin in Protein Mixtures Based on Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer between Anionic Conjugated Polymer and Fluorescent Probe
Authors: Zhu Qing , Zhan Ruoyu , Liu Bin 
Published: March 2010

AbstractHerein we describe a novel and simple conjugated polymer‐fluorescent probe based platform for trypsin detection from protein mixtures in homogeneous solution. This platform takes advantage of specific interaction between the probe and the active site of trypsin and the electrostatic interaction between the polymer and the protein to mediate energy transfer between the polymer and the probe. This method does not require any separation steps, which should facilitate high‐throughput protease screening and drug discovery.magnified image
The changing face of Parkinson's disease‐associated psychosis: A cross‐sectional study based on the new NINDS‐NIMH criteria
Authors: Fénelon Gilles , Soulas Thierry , Zenasni Franck , de Langavant Laurent Cleret 
Published: March 2010

AbstractNew criteria for Parkinson's disease‐associated psychosis (PDAP) were recently proposed by a NINDS‐NIMH working group. We assessed 116 consecutive unselected outpatients with PD for the existence of psychotic symptoms during the previous month, using a structured questionnaire covering the whole spectrum of PDAP symptoms. Hallucinations occurred in 42% of the patients (visual: 16%; nonvisual: 35%), delusions in 4%, and minor symptoms in 45% (sense of presence, visual illusions, or passage hallucinations). The prevalence of PDAP was 43% when the usual definition was used (hallucinations and/or delusions) and 60% when the NINDS‐NIHM criteria were used. Correlations between PDAP and patient characteristics varied with the definition of PDAP. These findings suggest that the epidemiology of PDAP should be re‐evaluated with the new criteria. Minor symptoms and nonvisual hallucinations are an important part of the PDAP spectrum, which has commonly been restricted to visual hallucinations and delusions. © 2010 Movement Disorder Society
The nondeclaration of nonmotor symptoms of Parkinson's disease to health care professionals: An international study using the nonmotor symptoms questionnaire
Authors: Chaudhuri K. Ray , Prieto‐Jurcynska Cristina , Naidu Yogini , Mitra Tanya , Frades‐Payo Belen , Tluk Susanne , Ruessmann Anne , Odin Per , Macphee Graeme , Stocchi Fabrizio , Ondo William , Sethi Kapil , Schapira Anthony H.V. , Castrillo Juan Carlos Martinez , Martinez‐Martin Pablo 
Published: March 2010

AbstractThe nonmotor symptoms (NMS) of Parkinson's disease (PD) are less well recognised and can be more troublesome to patients and carers than classical motor features. NMS are frequently missed during routine consultations and such under‐recognition may have implications on quality of care given that many NMS are treatable. To determine the proportion of patients not declaring NMS to healthcare professional (HCP) as assessed by self completion of the NMS questionnaire (NMSQuest), a validated, self‐completing questionnaire with 30 items. Multicentre international study. The data was collected from PD patients across all age groups and stages attending outpatient clinics in specialist and care of the elderly settings. 242 patients recruited and undeclared NMS ranged from 31.8% (diplopia) to 65.2% (delusions). The most frequently nondeclared symptoms were delusions, daytime sleepiness, intense and vivid dreams, and dizziness. In many, appropriate treatments for undeclared NMS were started only after these were recognised following completion of NMSQuest. NMS of PD are frequently undeclared at routine hospital consultation and may be related to the fact that patients often do not link these symptoms with PD or may be too embarrassed to discuss these. Use of NMSQuest allows patients to flag symptoms which may be otherwise undeclared and remain untreated when potential treatments exist. © 2010 Movement Disorder Society
Endoscopic characteristics and levodopa responsiveness of swallowing function in progressive supranuclear palsy
Authors: Warnecke Tobias , Oelenberg Stephan , Teismann Inga , Hamacher Christina , Lohmann Hubertus , Ringelstein Erich Bernd , Dziewas Rainer 
Published: March 2010

AbstractDysphagia is a frequent and early symptom in progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) predisposing patients to aspiration pneumonia. Fiberoptic endoscopic evaluation of swallowing (FEES®) has emerged as a valuable apparative tool for objective evaluation of neurogenic dysphagia. This is the first study using FEES® to investigate the nature of swallowing impairment in PSP. Eighteen consecutive PSP patients (mean age 69.7 ± 9.0 years) were included. The salient findings of FEES® in PSP patients were compared with those of 15 patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). In 7 PSP patients, a standardized FEES® protocol was performed to explore levodopa (L‐dopa) responsiveness of dysphagia. Most frequent abnormalities detected by FEES® were bolus leakage, delayed swallowing reflex, and residues in valleculae and piriformes. Aspiration events with at least one food consistency occurred in nearly 30% of PSP patients. Significant pharyngeal saliva pooling was observed in 4 PSP patients. We found no difference of salient endoscopic findings between PSP and PD patients. Endoscopic dysphagia severity in PSP correlated positively with disease duration, clinical disability, and cognitive impairment. No correlation was found with dysarthria severity. In early PSP patients, swallowing dysfunction was solely characterized by liquid leakage with the risk of predeglutitive aspiration during the oral phase of swallowing. Two PSP patients showed relevant improvement of swallowing function after L‐dopa challenge. Chin tuck—maneuver, hard swallow, and modification of food consistency were identified as the most effective therapeutic interventions. In conclusion, FEES® assessment can deliver important findings for the diagnosis and refined therapy of dysphagia in PSP patients. © 2010 Movement Disorder Society
Teaching program for the movement disorder society‐sponsored revision of the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale: (MDS‐UPDRS)
Authors: Goetz Christopher G. , Stebbins Glenn T. , Chmura Teresa A. , Fahn Stanley , Poewe Werner , Tanner Caroline M. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractTo accompany the newly developed Movement Disorder Society revision of the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (MDS‐UPDRS), we developed a teaching program. The DVD‐based program covers the four parts of the scale with visual and verbal instructions for uniform application. For the motor section (Part III), all items except rigidity are shown with an example of each rating option (0–4) as agreed upon by a panel of experts. The rate of agreement for the selected samples was always significant, with Kendall's coefficient of concordance W ranging between 0.99 and 0.72. The teaching program also provides a full patient examination with rating answers provided and four full MDS‐UPDRS cases for a Certificate Program exercise of Part III. This training program is in English, but as non‐English official translations of the MDS‐UPDRS are developed, the program can be potentially modified into different languages. © 2010 Movement Disorder Society
Decision making in de novo Parkinson's disease
Authors: Poletti Michele , Frosini Daniela , Lucetti Claudio , Dotto Paolo Del , Ceravolo Roberto , Bonuccelli Ubaldo 
Published: March 2010

AbstractThe aim is to study decision making in patients with de novo Parkinson's disease (PD). Recent studies reported that medicated patients with PD have poor performances compared with age‐matched healthy controls in decision making tasks, specially in the Iowa Gambling Task. Two principal causal hypotheses have been proposed to explain this phenomenon: the overdosing effects of dopaminergic therapy on the orbital frontostriatal circuit that is involved in reward processing, or an amygdala dysfunction, as suggested by similar Skin Conductance Responses of patients with PD and amygdala‐damaged patients while performing this task. The assessment of decision making with the Iowa Gambling Task was conducted in 30 nondemented and nondepressed patients with de novo PD and in 25 age‐matched healthy controls. No statistically significant difference emerged between performances of de novo PD patients and performances of healthy controls. De novo PD patients have performances in the Iowa Gambling Task similar to those of age‐matched healthy controls, suggesting that difficulties in decision making emerge, at least in de novo PD patients, by dopaminergic overstimulation of the orbital frontostriatal circuits. © 2010 Movement Disorder Society
The identification of Parkinson's disease subtypes using cluster analysis: A systematic review
Authors: van Rooden Stephanie M. , Heiser Willem J. , Kok Joost N. , Verbaan Dagmar , van Hilten Jacobus J. , Marinus Johan 
Published: March 2010

AbstractThe clinical variability between patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) may point at the existence of subtypes of the disease. Identification of subtypes is important, since a focus on homogeneous groups may enhance the chance of success of research on mechanisms of disease and may also lead to tailored treatment strategies. Cluster analysis (CA) is an objective method to classify patients into subtypes. We systematically reviewed the methodology and results of CA studies in PD to gain a better understanding of the robustness of identified subtypes. We found seven studies that fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Studies were limited by incomplete reporting and methodological limitations. Differences between studies rendered comparisons of the results difficult. However, it appeared that studies which applied a comparable design identified similar subtypes. The cluster profiles “old age‐at‐onset and rapid disease progression” and “young age‐at‐onset and slow disease progression” emerged from the majority of studies. Other cluster profiles were less consistent across studies. Future studies with a rigorous study design that is standardized with respect to the included variables, data processing, and CA technique may advance the knowledge on subtypes in PD.© 2010 Movement Disorder Society
Early survival of a compromised fasciocutaneous flap without pedicle revision: Monitoring with photoplethysmography
Authors: Chubb Daniel , Rozen Warren M. , Ashton Mark W. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractWhile free flaps are reliant on their vascular pedicle for survival intraoperatively and for a variable period of time postoperatively, there have been reports of late pedicle compromise after which complete flap survival has ensued. Successful neovascularization and revascularization at the edges of a flap in such cases result in the flap becoming independent of its pedicle. We report a case in which free flap survival occurred following pedicle compromise before postoperative day seven. The use of preoperative computed tomographic angiography (CTA) assessment to map flap vasculature was able to demonstrate the intrinsic vascular anatomy of the flap, and both clinical assessment and photoplethysmography (PPG) assessment of cutaneous blood flow obtained during and after flap compromise were able to highlight the changes in flap perfusion. With complete flap survival despite the lack of pedicle revision, the roles for close monitoring with clinical assessment and PPG, and delaying debridement are discussed. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. Microsurgery 30:462–465, 2010.
A Mediterranean diet rich in virgin olive oil may reverse the effects of the ‐174G/C IL6 gene variant on 3‐year body weight change
Authors: Razquin Cristina , Martinez J. Alfredo , Martinez‐Gonzalez Miguel A. , Fernández‐Crehuet Joaquin , Santos José Manuel , Marti Amelia 
Published: March 2010

AbstractOnly a few studies have analyzed the effects of the potential interaction between the ‐174G/C polymorphism of IL6 gene and the adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MD) on adiposity indexes. Our aim was to investigate the interplay between the ‐174G/C polymorphism of the IL6 gene and a Mediterranean‐style diet on body weight changes after 3 years of nutritional intervention in a high cardiovascular risk population. A total of 737 participants, aged 55–80 years were assigned to a low‐fat diet or to a Mediterranean‐style diet group with high intake of virgin olive oil (VOO) or nuts. Anthropometric measurements were taken at baseline and after 3‐year follow‐up. The ‐174G/C polymorphism of the IL6 gene was genotyped. Minor allele frequency (C) was 0.39. At baseline, the CC genotype was associated with higher measures of adiposity. After 3 years, a significant interaction (p=0.028) was found between the polymorphism (GG+GCversusCC) and the nutritional intervention: CC subjects following the MD+VOO had the lowest body weight gain. In conclusion, at baseline, CC subjects for the ‐174G/C polymorphism of IL6 had the highest body weight and BMI. However, after 3 years of nutritional intervention with MD+VOO, these subjects were predicted to have the greatest reduction in body weight.
Acylated manoyl oxide diterpenes of Stemodia trifoliata
Authors: da Silva Wildson Max B. , Silveira Edilberto R. , Pessoa Otilia Deusdênia L. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractTwo new labdane diterpenes, 6α‐malonyloxy‐ethyl ester manoyl oxide and bis‐6α‐dioxymanoylmalonate, together with the known 6α‐hydroxymanoyl oxide, 6α‐malonyloxymaloyl oxide and betulinic acid were isolated from leaves of Stemodia trifoliata. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic studies (IR and HR‐ESI‐MS), including an extensive NMR (COSY, HSQC, HMBC and NOESY) analysis. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Diverse functions of Hedgehog signaling in formation and physiology of steroidogenic organs
Authors: Huang Chen‐Che Jeff , Yao Humphrey Hung‐Chang 
Published: March 2010

AbstractAdrenal, testis, and ovary are steroidogenic organs derived from a common primordium that consists of steroidogenic factor 1 (SF1)‐positive precursor cells. SF1 not only defines the steroidogenic lineages in these organs but also controls their differentiation. Recent evidence implicates the Hedgehog (Hh) signaling pathway as a downstream regulator of SF1 in the appearance of steroidogenic cells in these organs. The Hh signaling pathway serves as a common crosstalk component, yet has evolved diverse functions in the expansion and differentiation of the steroidogenic cells in a tissue‐specific manner. The purpose of this review is to compare and contrast the different roles of Hh signaling in these three organs during development. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 77: 489–496, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Early detection of radiation therapy response in non‐Hodgkin's lymphoma xenografts byin vivo1H magnetic resonance spectroscopy and imaging
Authors: Lee Seung‐Cheol , Poptani Harish , Pickup Stephen , Jenkins W. Timothy , Kim Sungheon , Koch Cameron J. , Delikatny E. James , Glickson Jerry D. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractThe purpose of the study was to investigate the capability of1H MRS and MRI methods for detecting early response to radiation therapy in non‐Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL). Studies were performed on the WSU‐DLCL2 xenograft model in nude mice of human diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma, the most common form of NHL. Radiation treatment was applied as a single 15 Gy dose to the tumor. Tumor lactate, lipids, total choline,T2and apparent diffusion coefficients (ADC) were measured before treatment and at 24 h and 72 h after radiation. A Hadamard‐encoded slice‐selective multiple quantum coherence spectroscopy sequence was used for detecting lactate (Lac) while a stimulated echo acquisition mode sequence was used for detection of total choline (tCho) and lipids.T2‐ and diffusion‐weighted imaging sequences were used for measuringT2and ADC. Within 24 h after radiation, significant changes were observed in the normalized integrated resonance intensities of Lac and the methylenes of lipids. Lac/H2O decreased by 38 ± 15% (p = 0.03), and lipid (1.3 ppm, CH2)/H2O increased by 57 ± 14% (p = 0.01). At 72 h after radiation, tCho/H2O decreased by 45 ± 14% (p = 0.01), and lipid (2.8 ppm, polyunsaturated fatty acid)/H2O increased by 970 ± 36% (p = 0.001). ADC increased by 14 ± 2% (p = 0.003), andT2did not change significantly. Tumor growth delay and regression were observed thereafter. This study enabled comparison of the relative sensitivities of various1H MRS and MRI indices to radiation and suggests that1H MRS/MRI measurements detect early responses to radiation that precede tumor volume changes. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.