bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Time series behavior of average dynamic conditional correlations in European real estate securities markets
Authors: Hiang Liow Kim 
Published: August 2011

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate the time series behavior of co‐movements among 11 European real estate securities markets, with each other as well as between country‐averages, over the sample period from January 1999 to January 2010 by utilizing the asymmetric dynamic conditional correlation (ADCC) technique, long‐memory tests and multiple structural break methodology.Design/methodology/approachFirst the ADCC from the multivariate GJR‐GARCH model is used to estimate the pair‐wise conditional correlations between the 11 securitized real estate markets. Then, the 11 country‐average conditional correlation series is subject to a battery of four long‐memory tests to form an “on the balance of evidence” picture; the semi‐parametric Geweke and Porter‐Hudak procedure and Robinson test, as well as the non‐parametric Hurst‐Mandelbrot R/S and Lo's modified R/S tests. Finally, the Bai and Perron's multiple structural break methodology seeks to test whether the average conditional correlations are subject to regime switching via the detection of breaks in the co‐movements of real estate securities returns.FindingsLow to moderate conditional correlations are found for these European real estate securities market and a higher level of correlation in the aftermath of the global financial crisis. The long‐memory correlation effect is present for nine European real estate securities markets. In addition, the conditional correlations are subject to regime switching with two structural breaks in four country‐average correlation series. Across the regimes, a higher level of correlation is linked to a higher level of volatility and a lower level of return, and this happened around the global financial crisis period.Research limitations/implicationsThe findings that national real estate securities correlations exhibit time‐varying and asymmetric behavior can help investors understand how real estate securities will co‐move in different market scenarios (e.g. “crisis” and “non‐crisis” times). Moreover, the process of dynamic covariance analysis and forecasting (the ultimate objective in portfolio management) should not rely too much on short‐term autoregressive moving average models. Instead, a combination of some appropriate long‐range dependence models and regime‐switching specifications is needed.Originality/valueThis paper offers useful insights into the time series behavior of average dynamic conditional correlations in European public property markets.
Sustainability metrics for commercial real estate assets – establishing a common approach
Authors: Ellison Louise , Brown Patrick 
Published: August 2011

PurposeThe purpose of the paper is to establish a common framework for measuring and reporting sustainability for commercial property assets.Design/methodology/approachThe paper is based on a review of a series of benchmarking tools and company reports plus workshop consultation with industry.FindingsThe paper produces an initial list of common metrics for the measurement and monitoring of key sustainability indicators for commercial property. The complexity presented by the heterogeneity of property assets is discussed and suggested means of normalising for particular buildings types is provided.Research limitations/implicationsThe research draws largely from desk research of existing tools and company reports. It does not attempt to produce additional reporting methods, rather to draw on and simplify those already in place. The work is largely UK focused.Practical implicationsThe work has significant practical implications in that it makes recommendations for a common approach to sustainability reporting at the building level for industry to adopt. This will aid decision making as it will enhance understanding of the sustainability performance of assets relative to their peer group whilst also supporting higher corporate‐level reporting and hence transparency.Social implicationsGreater clarity of reporting for commercial property would be beneficial in reducing the negative impacts of the asset class on the environment and on society.Originality/valueThe paper aims to provide clear guidance in what has become a crowded and complex area. This is of significant value to the sector.
Technologies to support cultural tourism for Latin Latium
Authors: Bordoni Luciana 
Published: August 2011

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to show the validity of the advanced technologies of computer science and propose the outline of a technological infrastructure to promote, develop, and exploit cultural tourism, taking the territory of Latin Latium as a local system.Design/methodology/approachSemantic web technologies offering intelligent integration of information about the region and heritage of Latin Latium are used. The information includes all kinds of cultural heritage, from bibliographic items to industrial assets, or prehistoric excavations in this region. A cultural heritage ontology has to be designed, constructed, fed, and exploited in order to achieve this aim. A methodology for the ontology population and exploitation for other regions of Italy or even outside Italy is proposed. The network of skills and knowledge thus created, provides features of interest for other types of users, such as experts, scholars, and students, in addition to acting on the cultural tourism market.FindingsCurrently in the prototype phase, the information technology infrastructure is an added value for cultural tourism information, since it has an ontology on resources pertaining to cultural assets. This makes it possible to develop applications with specific functions for the tourist, such as the construction of “cultural paths” and the production of cultural information in addition to the global positioning system path points. The application integrated within a web site (www.laziolatino.it/) will also be used with mobile devices as 3G cell phones and handsets.Research limitations/implicationsThis is a research in progress and the intention is to validate this idea in the near future through rigorous research initiatives.Originality/valueThe proposed outline of the infrastructure is a first step towards developing platforms and products whose spread will make it possible to turn to account and promote those territorial areas that, although at the margins of tourism circuits, have a strong cultural identity.
Technological aspects of public tourism communication in Italy
Authors: Baggio Rodolfo , Mottironi Cristina , Antonioli Corigliano Magda 
Published: August 2011

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to evaluate the online presence of Italian destination management organizations (DMOs) by assessing the quality of their web sites through a demand‐side heuristic approach. Moreover, given the importance of a clear strategic vision for an efficient and effective use of online media, the paper examines the alignment between tourism development plans and practical implementation of information and communication technologies (ICT). Finally, the possible impact of the adoption of a strategic approach on the overall quality of the web sites under investigation is explored.Design/methodology/approachA double analysis was conducted. An assessment of the main quality features of the official tourism web sites and an evaluation of the statements of public authorities concerning strategic intentions and guidelines for developing ICT instruments. The two evaluations are compared in order to examine their relationships. A strategic matrix of the technological performance and attitude of Italian regional authorities is proposed.FindingsThe quality of the Italian DMOs' web sites is satisfactory, on average. Weaknesses are found in the offer of interactive services and Web 2.0 functions. Moreover, an improvement in the user evaluations with respect to the past demonstrates the attention given to ICTs by the DMOs. As a matter of fact, the strategic plans examined deal, in general, relatively well with ICT issues, while it is also shown that poor strategic vision, as expressed in the promotional plans, is related to poor performance of some web sites.Originality/valueThe paper assesses the quality of Italian DMOs' web sites quality as perceived by visitors and, for the first time, relates the evaluations to how ICT strategic plans deal with the issue.
The indicators of intention to adopt mobile electronic tourist guides
Authors: Peres Rita , Correia Antónia , Moital Miguel 
Published: August 2011

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to understand tourists' acceptance of innovative information technologies by examining the factors influencing the intention to use mobile electronic tourist guides (METG).Design/methodology/approachThis paper developed and tested a model for examining tourists' acceptance of METG based upon Davis' technology acceptance model (TAM). The model considered three antecedents of intention: knowledge, usefulness and attitude. The relationships between them and between these and intention were explored using structural equation modeling.FindingsThe findings revealed that tourists' behavioural intentions towards using METG could be raised through attitude by ensuring greater levels of perceived usefulness. Usefulness, in turn, is highly influenced by the tourists' level of knowledge regarding METG. In addition, there was also a direct significant path between knowledge and behavioural intention, suggesting that good levels of knowledge of the technology are a pre‐condition for greater usage of METG.Research limitations/implicationsThis paper suggests that the predictive ability of the TAM in the context of innovations at their early stages of diffusion, that is, when potential adopters know little about them, can be enhanced by incorporating knowledge as an explanatory variable. Future studies could use the full version of the TAM by including other measures of knowledge beyond awareness knowledge, such as how‐to knowledge, as suggested by Rogers.Originality/valueThis paper adapts the TAM to study the acceptance of technology‐based information technologies at their early stages of development. The findings of this study contribute to enhancing our understanding of what influences tourists' acceptance of METG. They can be used to inform local and national strategies aimed at developing Portugal's (and other countries') credentials as digital destinations.
Information technology applications and competitive advantage in hotel companies
Authors: Bilgihan Anil , Okumus Fevzi , “Khal” Nusair Khaldoon , Joon‐Wuk Kwun David 
Published: August 2011

PurposeThis paper aims to propose a conceptual framework that illustrates how information technology (IT) applications may lead to competitive advantage in hotel companies.Design/methodology/approachThe paper is written based on a synthesis of previous literature in this area.FindingsMultiple areas need to be carefully evaluated in developing and implementing IT projects so that they can lead to competitive advantage in hotel companies. There are four closely related areas when analyzing IT decisions in hotels, which include coherence between the business strategy and IT decision, types of IT applications, intended benefits of IT decisions, and decision‐making style. Technology sophistication, management skills, and integration of resources are key issues when implementing IT decisions. Investments into IT applications in hotel companies can lead to superior IT competencies and IT capabilities, which can subsequently result in lower cost, agility, innovation, added value for customers, and better customer service. However, not all IT investments may result in positive outcomes or their sustainability may be short lived. In addition, there can be a lag time between making IT investment decisions and seeing their intended outcomes.Practical implicationsThere are multiple areas and issues that need to be considered in making and implementing IT investment decisions if they are to contribute to the company's competitive advantage. Hotel companies need to be selective in their IT investment decisions and look at each IT investment from the strategic management perspective.Originality/valueThis is one of the first articles in the hospitality field that offers a theoretical framework on how IT applications can lead to competitive advantage in hotels. It also offers numerous theoretical and practical implications. Therefore, this paper should help hotel executives and researchers in evaluating IT projects in hotel companies.
How SOEs succeed in privatization: net political benefits and learning in networks
Authors: Gao Zhaojun 
Published: August 2011

PurposeDrawing on population ecology and net political theory, the purpose of this paper is to examine the influence of representative institutions (net political benefits (NPB)) on the success rates of privatization adopted by state‐owned enterprises (SOEs) and their learning curve during the process.Design/methodology/approachThe author focuses on the privatization of SOEs listed in China and employs the social network with event‐history analysis (survival analysis).FindingsThe results demonstrate that the determinants of NPB increase the success rates of privatization, while SOEs learn from two perspectives: private firms and other privatizing SOEs within the same population. In particular, I suggest that the outdegree market location network centrality before privatization, as well as the indegree centrality after privatization, both positively moderate the relationship between learning processes and the success rate of SOEs' privatization.Practical implicationsMore precisely, institutions are factors that not only determine the choice of SOEs to privatization, but also the success of this strategy. The finding will encourage government administrations, both central and local, to promote the development of institutions in order to facilitate market transactions. Implications for firms might be the learning mechanisms discovered in this research. When firms adopted the strategy of privatization, they could choose two sources of learning: private firms within the same industry and others who were implementing the same strategy.Originality/valueThe contribution of the paper is, its synthesis of institutional and ecological perspectives and research on privatization in emerging markets and organization learning in networking. Theoretically, the author extends the privatization literature into a worldly context with a combination of institution and organization learning theory. Empirically, with the application of network perspective and survival analysis, the author uncovered and carefully examined the learning mechanism in the process of privatization.
Cross listing, corporate governance and corporate performance
Authors: Jian Zhou , Tingting Zhang , Shengchao Cui 
Published: August 2011

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explore whether corporate governance is the intermediary between the cross listing strategy and corporate performance.Design/methodology/approachThe paper first reviews the studies on cross listing and corporate governance, and then constructs the theoretical model to express the relationship between cross listing, corporate governance, and corporate performance. Then, the paper takes the regression test and mediating effects test with the companies listed in Hong Kong as the sample.FindingsEmpirical studies found that corporate governance is the intermediary between the cross listing strategy and corporate performance. Meanwhile, the study verified that cross listing strategy does enhance corporate performance.Originality/valueThe finding will help Chinese corporations choose another way to be international and practise the strategy of cross listing.
Deal of the day at Cherry.ee
Authors: Kerem Katri , Sternad Dietmar 
Published: August 2011

Subject area
Marketing, branding, strategic management, online retailing, and entrepreneurship.

Study level/applicability
Postgraduate courses in: strategic management; marketing management (branding); and entrepreneurship.

Case overview
The case describes the founding and the first year of an Estonian internet start-up, the “deal-of-the-day” web site Cherry.ee. The focal topic of the case is the analysis of alternative scenarios for the further development of the company after the first year in business: selling the company, entering into a merger with similar businesses, or continuing to develop the brand independently. The case gives an example of creating a new market, introducing a new business model and launching a brand with substantial use of social media marketing. The successful business model was quickly copied by a lot of followers creating a fierce competitive environment and raising a question of sustainability of the competitive advantage. The case provides an opportunity to discuss how to strategically handle the development of a growing start-up company in an increasingly competitive market environment.

Expected learning outcomes
Understanding the critical success factors and potential pitfalls for an internet start-up; developing skills to critically analyze the concept of sustainable competitive advantage; comprehension of the main factors influencing the strategic decision on whether to follow a growth, cooperation, or exit strategy; and awareness of the relative advantages of online and offline marketing and understanding how social media strategies can be used to build a brand.

Supplementary materials
Teaching note.
TGF‐β1 content in atherosclerotic plaques, TGF‐β1 serum concentrations and incident coronary events
Authors: Herder Christian , Peeters Wouter , Zierer Astrid , de Kleijn Dominique P. V. , Moll Frans L. , Karakas Mahir , Roden Michael , Meisinger Christa , Thorand Barbara , Pasterkamp Gerard , Koenig Wolfgang 
Published: August 2011

Eur J Clin Invest 2012; 42 (3): 329–337AbstractBackground  We tested the hypothesis that high TGF‐β1 content in atherosclerotic plaques and high TGF‐β1 serum levels are associated with lower risk of coronary events in two independent prospective studies.Materials and methods  In the prospective Athero‐Express biobank study, total TGF‐β1 plaque levels were measured in 632 atherosclerotic lesions from patients who underwent carotid endarterectomy. In a population‐based case‐cohort study within the Monitoring of trends and determinants in cardiovascular disease (MONICA)/Cooperative Health Research in the Region of Augsburg (KORA) Augsburg studies, baseline total TGF‐β1 serum levels were measured in 333 individuals with and 1728 without incident coronary events.Results  Patients with TGF‐β1 content in their plaques above the study median did not have a lower risk of coronary events than patients with lower TGF‐β1 levels [adjusted HR (95% CI) 1·46 (0·83–2·53); P = 0·16; mean follow‐up 2·6 ± 0·7 years] in the Athero‐Express biobank study. Cox proportional hazard models adjusting for age, sex, body mass index, metabolic factors, lifestyle factors and survey did not reveal a significant association between TGF‐β1 serum levels and incident coronary events [HR (95% CI) for increasing TGF‐β1 tertiles 1·0, 1·22 (0·88–1·68), 1·13 (0·82–1·57); P = 0·47; mean follow‐up: 10·8 ± 4·6 years] in the MONICA/KORA Augsburg studies.Conclusion  Our results indicate that high TGF‐β1 content in human atherosclerotic plaques and high serum levels of TGF‐β1 are not associated with reduced risk of coronary events.
Homogenous phenomenon of graft liver CYP2C19 genotypes after living donor liver transplantation
Authors: Chiu King‐Wah , Nakano Toshiaki , Hu Tsung‐Hui , Tseng Hui‐Peng , Cheng Yu‐Fan , Jawan Bruno , Eng Hock‐Liew , Goto Shigeru , Chen Chao‐Long 
Published: August 2011

Eur J Clin Invest 2012; 42 (4): 352–356AbstractBackground  The donor liver grafts with different allelic patterns do not affect CYP2C19 genotypes in the peripheral blood of living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) recipients.Aim  This study investigated the influence of graft liver CYP2C19 genotypes on recipients who received the same or different CYP2C19 genotypes from donors after LDLT.Methods  There were 30 donors and 30 recipients with the same CYP2C19 genotypes and 47 donors and 47 recipients with different CYP2C19 genotypes. Genomic DNA was isolated from the liver tissue of recipients. The CYP2C19 haplotypes were determined by polymerase chain reaction.Results  A homogenous phenomenon in the sequences of graft liver CYP2C19 genotypes was indicated because the recipients showed mixed patterns that were similar to that of the original donor after LDLT. A significant decrease in homozygous extensive metabolizer (HomEM) and an increase in poor metabolizer (PM) distribution were observed in recipients with different CYP2C19 genotypes from their donors compared with recipients with the same CYP2C19 genotype as their donors (P < 0·05).Conclusions  Homogenous phenomenon of sequence changes in graft liver CYP2C19 from the different genotypes between the donors and the recipients may play a role in graft stability by causing decreased HomEM and increased PM after LDLT.
Contemporary changes in dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in human‐dominated rivers: is there a role for DOC management?
Authors: STANLEY EMILY H. , POWERS STEPHEN M. , LOTTIG NOAH R. , BUFFAM ISHI , CRAWFORD JOHN T. 
Published: August 2011

Summary1. Dissolved organic carbon (DOC) plays a central role in the dynamics of stream and river ecosystems, affecting processes such as metabolism, the balance between autotrophy and heterotrophy, acidity, nutrient uptake and bioavailability of toxic compounds. However, despite its importance to stream processes, restoration and management activities rarely incorporate DOC as a major management criterion.2. Lotic DOC pools reflect terrestrial organic carbon accumulation, transfer to the river channel and aquatic processing. In pristine landscapes, characteristics such as topography, climate, and landscape composition are strong predictors of terrestrial accumulation and transfer. Within aquatic systems, the quantity and form of DOC are altered by a variety of processes including primary production, microbial breakdown, sorption to particles and photodegradation.3. Terrestrial accumulation, transfer and aquatic processing of DOC in agricultural and other human‐dominated landscapes are all subject to substantial change. Consequently, DOC pools in agricultural streams likely differ from historic conditions and now include more labile material and low concentrations of a variety of ubiquitous synthetic organic compounds (e.g. pesticides, antibiotics).4. Although DOC change in agricultural streams and associated ecological consequences are expected to be widespread, current understanding and relevant data needed to manage affected systems are surprisingly scarce.5. Wetland and riparian restoration projects have variable effects on fluvial DOC regimes, but management at this intermediate scale is a realistic compromise between the small extent of most restoration projects and the large spatial scale over which organic carbon impairment occurs.