bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of High Performance Micro Rectification Equipment for Analytical and Preparative Applications
Authors: Ziogas Athanassios , Kolb Gunther , Kost Hans‐Joachim , Hessel Volker , Hessel Volker 
Published: February 2011

AbstractEs wird über die Realisierung einer leistungsfähigen Mikrorektifikationsapparatur (MRA) berichtet, die diskontinuierlich oder kontinuierlich betrieben und sowohl für die analytische wie auch für die präparative Trennung von flüssigen Stoffgemischen eingesetzt werden kann. Mit der MRA wurden verschiedene binäre Systeme erfolgreich getrennt und eine theoretische Trennstufenzahl von 12 und einen Trennstufenhöhe von 1,08 cm erzielt. Dies ist im Vergleich zum aktuellen Stand der Mikrotechnik (mind. 1,27 cm) als großer Fortschritt anzusehen.
Relinking Cross‐functional Collaboration, Knowledge Integration Mechanisms, and Product Innovation Performance: a Moderated Mediation Model
Authors: Tsai Kuen‐Hung , Hsu Teresa Tiaojung , Fang Wenchang 
Published: February 2011

AbstractPrevious research shows that knowledge integration mechanisms (KIMs) mediate the cross‐functional collaboration‐product innovation performance relationship; however, this mediating effect seems to be rather weak. This study, in contrast, develops a moderated mediation (MOME) model to argue that such a mediating effect is moderated by product innovativeness. A sample comprised of 106 manufacturing firms is utilized in the analyses. A moderated‐mediation approach shows that the mediating effect of KIMs in the linkage between cross‐functional collaboration and product innovation performance varies by different perspectives of product innovativeness. From an industry (macro‐level) perspective, product innovativeness positively moderates the mediating effect of KIMs on product innovation performance; in contrast, such a moderating effect is not significant under a firm (micro‐level) perspective. Copyright © 2011 ASAC. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Aerobic granular treatment of 2,4‐dichlorophenol
Authors: Khan Mohammad Zain , Khan Farah , Sabir Suhail 
Published: February 2011

Abstract2,4‐Dichlorophenol (2,4‐DCP) fed aerobic granules were cultivated in a sequencing batch reactor (SBR). Stable and compact granules were obtained in 60 days of SBR operation. Formed granules were compact and strong with closed packed channels. After granulation, effluent chemical oxygen demand and 2,4‐DCP concentrations were 95 and 2.5 mg L−1 with corresponding removal efficiencies of 96% and 95% were achieved. Degradation profile shows a high initial degradation rate which decreases later. Degradation rate was found to be directly proportional to the substrate concentration. Specific degradation rate of 2,4‐DCP was 6.54 mg 2,4‐DCP gVSS−1 h−1 at 60 mg L−1 and specific cell growth rate was 0.042 ± 0.02 day−1. High optical density (OD600) the system shows effective retention of biomass which is the main advantage of present technique.
Optimisation of adsorption efficiency for reactive red 198 removal from wastewater over TiO2 using response surface methodology
Authors: Anupam Kumar , Dutta Suman , Bhattacharjee Chiranjib , Datta Siddhartha 
Published: February 2011

AbstractAdsorption over TiO2 is used efficiently for reactive dyes removal from wastewater. This paper investigates adsorption efficiency for Reactive Red 198 (RR198) removal over TiO2 adsorbent using response surface methodology. The main process parameters considered for optimisation were pH, adsorbent dose, and adsorption time. The experimental scheme was designed according to central composite rotatable design and second order regression model was developed. For regression analysis and ANOVA study, software MINITAB 15 was used. The optimum pH, TiO2 dose, and time were found to be 4.3, 4.3 g L−1, and 32.42 min, respectively. Complete removal was observed. Pareto analysis established pH the most influential parameter.
Combination of synthetic peptides derived from bone morphogenetic proteins and biomaterials for medical applications
Authors: Senta H. , Bergeron E. , Drevelle O. , Park H. , Faucheux N. 
Published: February 2011

AbstractA critical‐size bone defect cannot repair itself. These defects are presently filled by bone grafts or with biomaterials that mimic bone properties. The activity of bone cells is modulated by cytokines like the bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs). This review described the peptides derived from BMPs or extracellular matrix proteins which can be immobilised on biomaterials to increase their action on bone cells and promote healing. However, the development of such materials requires peptides that can act in synergy. This requires the use of model surfaces to better understand how cells perceive biomaterials.
Oxidation of sulfide ion in synthetic geothermal brines at carbon‐based anodes
Authors: Hastie Jeff , Bejan Dorin , Bunce Nigel J. 
Published: February 2011

AbstractGeothermal brines associated with natural gas extraction present an environmental problem because of the need to avoid the escape of toxic and odorous hydrogen sulfide. In this work, carbon‐based anodes (including graphite, granulated activated carbon (GAC), and industrial coke) were used in the electrochemical oxidation of sulfide ion in synthetic geothermal brines in both batch and flow cells, with a view to remediating this troublesome contaminant. Experiments were carried out in alkaline solution (to prevent volatilisation of H2S), in the absence or presence of added chloride ion and naphthenic acids (NAs). The product spread was variable due to the large number of competing reactions, including formation of polysulfide, oxidation to sulfate (either directly or via hypochlorination), sacrificial anode oxidation combined with sulfide trapping, and Kolbe oxidation of NAs combined with sulfide trapping. From the technological perspective, the product distribution is immaterial, because sour brines contain such high concentrations of inorganic and naphthenate salts that reinjection of the treated brine will always be required. The most efficient systems, on the basis of charge per mol sulfide remediated, employed packed bed reactors with ground coke or GAC anodes. In these reactors, the disappearance of sulfide ion was promoted, as expected, at low flow rate and high current. However, the packed beds were limited to low applied current, in order to avoid compromising the electrical conductivity of the anode bed by the production of gas (O2).
Neural networks approach for characterisation of viscoelastic polymers
Authors: Erchiqui F. , Ozdemir Z. , Souli M. , Ezzaidi H. , Dituba‐Ngoma G. 
Published: February 2011

AbstractRecent developments in computer‐aided polymer processing have brought along the need for accurate description of the behaviour of viscoelastic materials under the conjugated effect of applied stress and temperature. In order to serve this purpose, in this study, experimental data provided by bubble inflation tests for flat circular thermoplastic membranes (CTPM) comprised of viscoelastic materials when subjected to combined effects of applied stress and temperature are coupled with numerical simulations to obtain the required parameters for the characterisation of such materials. First, pressure inside the bubble and height at the hemispheric pole are recorded during bubble inflation experiment. Thereafter, Christensen's theory of viscoelasticity is employed to define the constitutive model of flat circular thermoplastic membranes (CTPM) and nonlinear equilibrium equations of the inflation process are solved using finite difference method with deferred corrections. As a last step, a neuronal algorithm (ANN model) is employed to minimise the difference between calculated and measured parameters to determine material constants for Christensen viscoelastic model. Although the developed procedure can be applied to several polymeric materials, in this paper, this technique is successfully implemented for high‐impact polystyrene (HIPS) and acrylonitrile–butadiene–styrene (ABS), at typical thermoforming temperatures, 150 and 145°C, respectively. Using these coefficients, the material behaviours of HIPS and ABS with Christensen's constitutive law are reproduced. The material model obtained in this study for HIPS and ABS can be implemented into industrial and academic softwares for applications and design purposes.
Transition from horizontal to vertical conveying of complex slurry suspensions in laminar flow
Authors: Graham L. J. W. , Wu J. , Pullum L. 
Published: February 2011

AbstractThis paper presents the results of a preliminary investigation into the vertical pipeline conveying of coarse particles using non‐Newtonian carrier fluids. It was found that the particles were transported as a sliding bed, even in the vertical pipe, with the particles reporting to one side of the pipe or the other, depending on the flow rate and the transition geometry. Shutdown tests showed that particles could settle back down the vertical pipe if there was stratification, even if the carrier had sufficient yield stress for static stability of dispersed particles. This was prevented by using carrier fluids with further increased yield stress.
MHD stagnation point viscoelastic fluid flow and heat transfer on a thermal forming stretching sheet with viscous dissipation
Authors: Hsiao Kai‐Long 
Published: February 2011

AbstractAn incompressible steady two‐dimensional forced convection with magnetic hydrodynamic (MHD) second‐grade non‐Newtonian (Viscoelastic) fluid flow on a stagnation point of a thermal forming stretching sheet has been studied. A parameter M which is used to represent the dominance of the magnetic effect has been presented in governing equations. The similar transformation, the perturbation expansion and an implicit finite‐difference method have been used to analyse the present problem. The numerical solutions of the flow velocity distributions, temperature profiles, the wall unknown values of f″(0) and θ'(0) for calculating the heat transfer of the similar boundary‐layer flow are carried out as functions of the viscoelastic number k, the Prandtl number Pr, the dissipation parameter E and the magnetic parameter M. The effects of these parameters have also discussed. The value of k is an important factor in this study. It will produce greater heat transfer effect with a larger k or Pr and parameters M or E will reduce heat transfer effect. The non‐Newtonian flow heat transfer effect is better than a Newtonian flow heat transfer effect.
Performance properties of acrylic and acrylic polyol–polyurethane based hybrid system via addition of nano‐caco3 and nanoclay
Authors: Kapole Sameer A. , Kulkarni Ravindra D. , Sonawane Shirish H. 
Published: February 2011

AbstractThermosetting acrylic (TSA) resin was prepared by solution polymerisation of acrylic acid and methyl methacrylate (MMA). Hybrid polymer consisting of acrylic polyol–polyurethane was prepared by addition of hydroxy ethyl acrylate and hexamethylene diisocyanate (HMDI). Incorporation of Functionalised nanocalcium carbonate and bentonite nanoclay were accomplished by in situ method during the synthesis of both the polymers. Loading of nano‐CaCO3 and nanoclay was varied from 0 to 4 wt.% to investigate variation in mechanical, optical and high performance properties. The superiority of nanoclay in enhancing the mechanical and performance properties like the salt spray and humidity resistance in comparison to that of nano‐CaCO3 was clearly established. It was also observed that, addition of nanomaterials in hybrid resins system shows superior results compared to neat acrylic system and in situ additions of these nanomaterials improve the dispersion and stability in the matrix.
Synthesis and Antimicrobial Activity of 2‐Methyl‐5‐nitroaniline Derivatives: A Structure‐Activity Relationship Study
Authors: Lingappa Mallesha , Kikkeri N. Mohana , Devaraju Rakshith , Sreedharamurthy Satish 
Published: February 2011

AbstractA series of 2‐methyl‐5‐nitroaniline derivatives, 5a–5k and 6a–6f, were synthesized in order to determine their in vitro antimicrobial activity. The chemical structures of the synthesized compounds were confirmed by elemental analyses, UV‐visible, FT‐IR, 1H NMR and 13C NMR spectral studies. The structure‐activity relationships of the synthesized compounds were also discussed. Among the synthesized compounds, 5f, 5d, 6b and 6e showed good antimicrobial activity compared to standard drugs.
[BMIM]Cl Catalyzed One‐Pot Synthesis of α‐Aminophosphonate Derivatives Containing a 4‐Phenoxyquinazoline Moiety under Microwave Irradiation
Authors: Bai Song , Song Baoan , Bhadury Pinaki S. , Yang Song , Hu Deyu , Xue Wei 
Published: February 2011

Abstract[BMIM]Cl catalyzed three component Mannich‐type reaction of 4‐(quinazolin‐4‐yloxy)benzenamine and aldehyde with dialkyl phosphite under microwave irradiation has been described. The salient features of the reaction leading to new α‐aminophosphonates include shorter reaction time and good yields. The method is environmentally friendly and does not require toxic catalysts or solvents. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report for [BMIM]Cl induced one‐pot synthesis of α‐aminophosphonate derivatives.
LiBr as an Efficient Catalyst for One‐pot Synthesis of Hantzsch 1,4‐Dihydropyridines under Mild Conditions
Authors: Yadav D. K. , Patel R. , Srivastava V. P. , Watal G. , Yadav L. D. S. 
Published: February 2011

AbstractA simple, inexpensive and efficient one‐pot synthesis of 1,4‐dihydropyridines has been accomplished via lithium bromide‐catalyzed Hantzsch three‐component condensation reaction of an aldehyde, α,β‐ketoester and ammonium acetate in acetonitrile at room temperature in good to excellent yields. The present protocol is applicable to wide range of substrates including aliphatic, aromatic and heterocyclic aldehydes affording 1,4‐dihydropyridines.
Silica Supported Perchloric Acid: A Convenient and Environmentally Friendly Catalyst for the One‐pot Multicomponent Synthesis of β‐Acetamido Ketones
Authors: Nasr‐Esfahani Masoud , Montazerozohori Morteza , Gholampour Tahere 
Published: February 2011

AbstractA modified Dakin‐West one‐pot, four‐component condensation of an aryl aldehyde, aryl ketone, acetyl chloride and acetonitrile in the presence of silica supported perchloric acid as an active, inexpensive, recoverable and recyclable catalyst is reported for the synthesis of β‐acetamido ketones under mechanical stirring and ultrasonic irradiation conditions. This system has advantages of short reaction times, good to excellent yields and the ability to carry out the large scale reactions. The use of ultrasound increases the rate of reactions compared with reactions at reflux conditions.
Fe3O4/ZnS Hollow Nanospheres: A Highly Efficient Magnetic Heterogeneous Catalyst for Synthesis of 5‐Substituted 1H‐Tetrazoles from Nitriles and Sodium Azide
Authors: Qi Gang , Liu Wei , Bei Zhining 
Published: February 2011

AbstractAn efficient route for the synthesis of 5‐substituted 1H‐tetrazole via [2+3] cycloaddition of nitriles and sodium azide is reported using Fe3O4/ZnS hollow nanospheres as a magnetic separable heterogeneous catalyst. The catalyst is very efficient, affording excellent yields and can be reused for several circles. In addition, the Fe3O4 inner shell exhibits magnetism, making the catalyst easily separated by a magnet.
Stability, Infrared Spectra and Electronic Structures of (ZrO2)n(n=3–6) Clusters: DFT Study
Authors: Jin Rui , Zhang Yonghong , Huang Shiping , Wang Peng , Tian Pinghui 
Published: February 2011

AbstractThe stability, infrared spectra and electronic structures of (ZrO2)n (n=3–6) clusters have been investigated by using density‐functional theory (DFT) at B3LYP/6‐31G* level. The lowest‐energy structures have been recognized by considering a number of structural isomers for each cluster size. It is found that the lowest‐energy (ZrO2)5 cluster is the most stable among the (ZrO2)n (n=3–6) clusters. The vibration spectra of ZrO stretching motion from terminal oxygen atom locate between 900 and 1000 cm−1, and the vibrational band of ZrOZrO four member ring is obtained at 600–700 cm−1, which are in good agreement with the experimental results. Mulliken populations and NBO charges of (ZrO2)n clusters indicate that the charge transfers occur between 4d orbital of Zr atoms and 2p orbital of O atoms. HOMO‐LUMO gaps illustrate that chemical stabilities of the lowest‐energy (ZrO2)n (n=3–6) clusters display an even‐odd alternating pattern with increasing cluster size.
A Spectrophotometric Study of Streptomycin Effect on the Clinical Urea Determination
Authors: Mitic Snezana S. , Miletic Gordana Z. , Kostic Danijela A. , Rasic Ivana D. 
Published: February 2011

AbstractThe results of studying inhibitory effect of streptomycin on the modified Berthelot reaction were presented in this paper and a new kinetic method for determining streptomycin in pharmaceutical preparations and human urine was developed on the basis of the obtained results. The rates of catalytic and catalytic‐inhibitory reaction were monitored at 700 nm (t=25±0.1°C) using UV/vis spectrophotometer. By analyzing the spectra and experimental dependences of the catalytic and catalytic‐inhibitory reaction rates on the reactant concentrations, it was noticed that streptomycin attacked nitroprusside and hypochlorite causing the inhibition of the production of 2,2′‐dicarboxylindophenol. According to this effect, an analytical decrease for determination of urea by modified Berthelot reaction appeared in the presence of small amounts of streptomycin. Beer's law was obeyed in the interval of streptomycin sulfate concentration from 18.2 to 182 µg·mL−1. The detection limit calculated by two methods was obtained at 11.75 µg·mL−1 and 8.54 µg·mL−1. The relative standard deviation of 0.55%–8.83% and the recovery of 109.10% were determined. The obtained results were validated using the referent HPLC method.
Photosensitive Azopolymer Brushes via Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization for Protein Sensing
Authors: Zhang Zhihong , Wang Yaoyan , Yan Fufeng , Peng Donglai , Ma Zhi 
Published: February 2011

AbstractNovel photosensitive azopolymer brushes were synthesized via surface initiated atom transfer radical polymerization using initiator self‐assembled on Au surface. The chemical structures of azobenzene derivatives were confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR). The surface morphology of azopolymers via atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) for different time was investigated by atomic force microscopy (AFM). Additionally, the photoisomerization of azopolymer was measured by ultraviolet‐visible spectroscopy (UV‐Vis). The results indicate that such azopolymers can undergo trans‐cis‐trans photoisomerization efficiently by photo‐irradiation with UV light. Furthermore, this photoisomerization property could also induce the reversible adsorption of bovine serum albumin (BSA) adsorption on azopolymer brush surfaces. This adsorption kinetics of the reversible process can be measured by surface plasmon resonance (SPR) spectroscopy in situ. It suggests that the protein biochips could be regenerated safely by UV irradiation rather than by being rinsed with chemical reagents.
Kinetic Analysis of the Interaction between Nonsteroidal Anti‐inflammatory Drugs and Cyclooxygenase‐2 Using Wavelength Modulation Surface Plasmon Resonance
Authors: Liu Xia , Li Ying , Lin Zhao 
Published: February 2011

AbstractA surface plasmon resonance (SPR) biosensor based on wavelength modulation technology was developed and validated for the kinetic analysis of the interactions between two nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and cyclooxygenase‐2 (COX‐2). After the effect of different concentration COX‐2 on the binding capacity of the SPR biosensor surface was studied, the COX‐2 was immobilized covalently onto the biosensor surface using a standard amine coupling method. The affinity constants for indomethacin, ketoprofen binding to COX‐2 are 7.5×103 L/mol and 9.25×103 L/mol, respectively. The biosensor surface can be regenerated after being rinsed with 0.01 mol/L NaOH, and the biosensor can be used repeatedly. These indicated that the wavelength modulation SPR biosensor has the potential application in the fields of pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics and drug discovery.
Comprehensive Profiling for Histone H4 of Human Liver Cells Using High Resolution LTQ‐Orbitrap Mass Spectrometry
Authors: Nie Aiying , Lu Haojie , Yang Pengyuan , He Fuchu 
Published: February 2011

AbstractThe post translational modifications of histone variants are playing an important role in the structure of chro‐ matin, the regulation of gene activities and the diagnosis of diseases, and conducting in‐depth researches and discovering new sites depend on new and rational analytical methods to some extent. In this work, the combinatorial method of high resolution LTQ‐Orbitrap mass spectrometry and multiple enzymes was employed to identify the post translational modifications (PTMs) of histone H4 of human liver cells. The novel methylation site, argnine 67 (R 67), was observed besides some sites reported previously such as lysine 31 (K 31), lysine 44 (K 44), argnine 55 (R 55) and lysine 59 (K 59) in the global domain. Meanwhile, various combinations of acetylation of lysine 5 (K 5), lysine 8 (K 8), lysine 12 (K 12), lysine 16 (K 16) and methylation of lysine 20 (K 20) in the NH2‐terminal tails were also identified after the LC‐MS/MS analysis of trypsin, Arg‐C, Glu‐C and chymotrypsin digests.
A Recyclable and Highly Effective ZnO‐beta Zeolite as a Catalyst for One‐pot Three‐Component Synthesis of Tetrahydrobenzo[b]pyrans
Authors: Katkar Santosh Shriram , Lande Machhindra Karbhari , Arbad Balasaheb Ramrao , Gaikwad Suresh Tukaram 
Published: February 2011

Abstract4H‐Benzo[b]pyrans was synthesized under reflux condition in ethanol via condensation of benzaldehyde, malononitrile and dimedone with ZnO‐beta zeolite as an inexpensive and effective catalyst. The key features of the reported protocols are good to excellent yields, short reaction time and recovery and reusability of catalytic material.
Fractal‐like Kinetic Characteristics of Coalbed Methane Hydrate Dissociation at Normal Pressure
Authors: Xu Feng , Wu Qiang , Zhu Lihua 
Published: February 2011

AbstractSurface modality of coalbed methane hydrate and fractal‐like kinetic characteristics of the hydrate dissociation at normal pressure have been studied by using fractal geometry theory. The results show that the surface modality of coalbed methane hydrate has fractal characteristic, and the dissociation kinetics of coalbed methane hydrate is fractal‐like. Moreover, a new kinetic model for coalbed methane hydrate dissociation was proposed, and its reliability was validated.
Thermal Behavior Investigation of LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2‐Based Li‐ion Battery under Overcharged Test
Authors: Wang Haiyan , Tang Aidong , Wang Kelong 
Published: February 2011

AbstractThermal behavior of its components such as separator, electrolyte, cathode, anode, and each binder were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry and thermal gravimetric (DSC/TG) to explain thermal runaway mechanism of Li‐ion battery under overcharged test. DSC results indicated the decomposition reaction temperature of SEI (solid electrolyte interface) layer in anode was at about 126°C. It was found that heat generation in anode under normal charged state increased obviously with the increasing of charged voltage. When the battery was overcharged to 4.6 V or 5.0 V, the onset temperature and heat generation of thermal reaction in anode changed a little, while those in cathode had large increase. It was proposed that thermal behavior in cathode mainly caused by the reaction of electrolyte with evolutional oxygen played a key role to thermal runaway for the studied Li‐ion battery under overcharged test.