bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enhancing fairness of trading environment: discovering overlapping spammer groups with dynamic co-review graph optimization
Authors: Wang Chaoqun , Li Ning , Ji Shujuan , Fang Xianwen , Wang Zhen 
Published: June 2024

AbstractWithin the thriving e-commerce landscape, some unscrupulous merchants hire spammer groups to post misleading reviews or ratings, aiming to manipulate public perception and disrupt fair market competition. This phenomenon has prompted a heightened research focus on spammer groups detection. In the e-commerce domain, current spammer group detection algorithms can be classified into three categories, i.e., Frequent Item Mining-based, graph-based, and burst-based algorithms. However, existing graph-based algorithms have limitations in that they did not adequately consider the redundant relationships within co-review graphs and neglected to detect overlapping members within spammer groups. To address these issues, we introduce an overlapping spammer group detection algorithm based on deep reinforcement learning named DRL-OSG. First, the algorithm filters out highly suspicious products and gets the set of reviewers who have reviewed these products. Secondly, taking these reviewers as nodes and their co-reviewing relationships as edges, we construct a homogeneous co-reviewing graph. Thirdly, to efficiently identify and handle the redundant relationships that are accidentally formed between ordinary users and spammer group members, we propose the Auto-Sim algorithm, which is a specifically tailored algorithm for dynamic optimization of the co-reviewing graph, allowing for adjustments to the reviewers’ relationship network within the graph. Finally, candidate spammer groups are discovered by using the Ego-Splitting overlapping clustering algorithm, allowing overlapping members to exist in these groups. Then, these groups are refined and ranked to derive the final list of spammer groups. Experimental results based on real-life datasets show that our proposed DRL-OSG algorithm performs better than the baseline algorithms in Precision.
Procoagulant activity of red blood cell microparticles in stored packed red blood cell units and its relation to ABO blood grouping
Authors: Hassan Ayat Salaheldin Mohamed , ElKhafif Nagwa Abdelkhalek , Amin Noha Abdelal , Yassin Rabab Fouad 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
Throughout the storage of blood, the red cells undergo alterations known as “storage lesions,” which involve shape changes and the formation of microparticles (MPs). Studies of the formation of red cell microparticles (RMPs) emphasize the prospective application of RMPs as a quality control measure in the preparation and storage of blood components in the future. In the present study, twenty packed RBC units in citrate phosphate dextrose adenine-1 (CPDA1) were collected from volunteers and stored for 35 days. Over 35 days of storage, samples were collected at six distinct time points weekly and evaluated for the presence of RMPs. MPs were separated by the ultracentrifugation method. Electron microscopy was used to characterize the morphology and size of the isolated microparticles, and flow cytometry was performed to determine the percentage of RMPs that expressed glycophorin A (CD235a) and Annexin V antigens. RMPs' procoagulant activity (PCA) was assessed using a plasma recalcification test. RMP concentration in accordance with ABO blood grouping was assessed by using various types of donated blood groups.

Results
RMPs progressively increased over storage. The procoagulant activity (PCA) exhibited a significant increase during storage, as evidenced by a shorter plasma recalcification time (P value = 0.001). A significant negative correlation (P value = 0.001) between plasma recalcification time and Annexin V-positive microparticles, as well as a dual-positive Annexin V/CD235a population, was identified, indicating a strong correlation between the direct quantitative assay by flowcytometry and the functional assay through the PCA.

Conclusion
RMPs increase on storage with increased PCA. Finding ways to reduce these microparticles in packed RBC units is crucial for reducing the risk of transfusion-related coagulopathy.
Comparison of antitumor efficacy of first-line palbociclib, ribociclib, or abemaciclib in patients with HR+/HER2- aBC: Results of the multicenter, real-world, Italian study PALMARES-2.
Authors: Vernieri Claudio , Provenzano Leonardo , Giuliano Mario , Rizzo Gianpiero , Toss Angela , Piras Marta , Sirico Marianna , Tagliaferri Barbara , Giordano Monica , Miliziano Daniela , Generali Daniele Giulio , Sartori Donata , Zambelli Alberto , Gennari Alessandra , La Verde Nicla Maria , Pedersini Rebecca , Lambertini Matteo , Botticelli Andrea , Curigliano Giuseppe , Dieci Maria Vittoria ,   PALMARES-2 Study Group
Published: June 2024

1014 Background: The Cyclin Dependent Kinase 4/6 inhibitors (CDK4/6i) Palbociclib, Ribociclib and Abemaciclib in combination with Endocrine Therapy (ET) represent the standard-of-care, 1st line treatment for patients with Hormone Receptor-positive, Human Epidermal growth factor Receptor 2-negative, advanced Breast Cancer (HR+/HER2- aBC). So far, no large real-world studies have compared the efficacy of the three CDK4/6i in this clinical setting. Methods: The multicenter, population-based study PALMARES-2 evaluated the antitumor efficacy of 1st line Palbociclib, Ribociclib or Abemaciclib in combination with ET in consecutive HR+/HER2- aBC patients treated in 18 Italian cancer centers between 1st January 2016 and 1st September 2023. The primary study endpoint was real-world Progression-Free Survival (rwPFS), as defined as the time interval between ET plus CDK4/6i initiation and disease progression. Multivariate Cox regression model was used to adjust the association between individual CDK4/6i and rwPFS for clinically relevant variables. Results: With a data cut-off date of January 1st, 2024, we enrolled 1850 patients, 750 (40.6%), 676 (36.5%) and 424 (22.9%) of whom received Palbociclib, Ribociclib and Abemaciclib, respectively. Among 1226 (66.3%) patients with endocrine-sensitive disease, 1087 (89%) received concomitant Aromatase Inhibitors, whereas 441 (70.7%) out of 624 (33.7%) patients with endocrine-resistant disease received concomitant Fulvestrant. Patients treated with Abemaciclib were more likely to have endocrine-resistant disease, liver metastases, lobular tumor histology and lower PgR tumor expression, and less likely to have de novometastatic disease (p<0.001). Median rwPFS in the whole study cohort was 34.9 months (95% CI 32.0-37.4). Abemaciclib and Ribociclib were independently associated with better rwPFS when compared to Palbociclib (Table), whereas Abemaciclib and Ribociclib showed no significantly different efficacy (aHR 0.91, 95% CI 0.70-1.19; p=0.505). Other covariates independently associated with rwPFS are shown (Table). Conclusions: The real-world study PALMARES-2 revealed different antitumor efficacy of individual CDK4/6i in HR+/HER2- aBC patients. Longer follow-up is required to study if Palbociclib, Ribociclib and Abemaciclib are associated with different overall survival. [Table: see text]
Genomic alterations (GA) in ESR1, PIK3CA, AKT1, and PTEN in HR(+)HER2(-) patients (pts) with metastatic breast cancer (MBC): Co-occurrence and prevalence along treatment course.
Authors: Bhave Manali A. , Quintanilha Julia , Ross Jeffrey S. , Graf Ryon P , Levy Mia Alyce , Kalinsky Kevin 
Published: June 2024

1060 Background: The standard of care for HR(+) HER2(-) MBC is evolving with new biomarker-guided drugs, including novel selective estrogen receptor degraders (SERDs) for pts with ESR1 mutations (mut) and PIK3CA and AKT inhibitors for pts with alterations in the PI3K pathway (PIK3CA, AKT1, and PTEN). This study aimed to evaluate the co-occurrence and the prevalence of these GA in different metastatic lines of therapy in real-world practice for MBC. Methods: This study included pts with HR(+) HER2(-) MBC who underwent genomic testing using Foundation Medicine tissue or liquid comprehensive genomic profiling assays, with specimens collected within 60 days of therapy initiation. Clinical data were obtained by the nationwide (US-based) de-identified Flatiron Health and Foundation Medicine real-world clinicogenomic breast cancer database (FH-FMI CGDB), originated from ~280 US cancer clinics (~800 sites of care) between 01/2011-06/2023. The prevalence of ESR1mut, PIK3CAmut, AKT1, PTENmut, and PTEN copy loss were calculated in tissue (TBx) and liquid biopsies (LBx) collected at time of 1st, 2nd, and 3rd lines of therapy. The co-occurrence of GA in TBx was evaluated. Results: Among patients with a TBx collected around therapy initiation (n=2,536), 81.5% (2,066) was collected at 1st, 10.2% (258) at 2nd, and 8.3% (212) at 3rd line. Among patients with a LBx collected around therapy initiation (n=545), 47% (256) was collected at 1st, 33.2% (181) at 2nd, and 19.8% (108) at 3rd line. In TBx, the prevalence of GA detected in 1st, 2nd, and 3rd lines were 58.6% (1,210), 67.4% (174), and 71.2% (151), respectively. In LBx, the prevalence was 42.7% (121), 65.7% (119), and 60.1% (65), respectively. Among LBx with tumor fraction ³1%, the prevalence was 67.9% (74/109), 89.1% (81/91), and 84.3% (43/51). Among patients with a GA detected in TBx 1st (n=1,210), 2nd (n=174), and 3rd (n=151) lines, both ESR1mut and a PIK3 pathway GA was detected in 7.4% (90), 12.1% (21), and 23.8% (36), respectively. Conclusions: In our dataset, 42-59% of patients with HR(+) HER2(-) MBC have at least one GA detected by TBx or LBx in 1st line, with prevalence increasing in later lines of therapy to 60-71% due to acquisition of an ESR1mut. PTEN copy loss is detected at much higher rates in TBx than LBx, consistent with the known inherent limitations of ctDNA testing. Serial genomic testing with LBx with reflex TBx if alterations are not identified should strongly be considered with the recent approvals of several molecularly targeted agents for HR(+) HER2(-) MBC. [Table: see text]
Geriatric assessment-directed supportive care intervention (GAIN-S)-implementation via telehealth in a lower-resourced community.
Authors: Phillips Tanyanika , Sun Can-Lan , Cabrera Chien Leana , Kim Heeyoung , Celis Ashley , Lee Ty , Robison Africa , Eastman Boryana , Merla Amartej , Player Heather , Kim Ji-Hyun , Asghari Hannah , Cuevas Claudia , Hite Sherry , Wei Kayla , Katheria Vani , Dale William 
Published: June 2024

1510 Background: Based on randomized controlled trials,ASCO guidelines recommend use of geriatric assessment (GA)-directed interventions for older adults with cancer. The translation of these models to lower resourced settings has been limited. We assessed the feasibility of implementing GA-directed supportive care (GAIN-S) via telehealth in a lower resourced community setting. Methods: A quality improvement study was conducted in a high poverty, limited access, and low resourced community oncology practice (City of Hope - Antelope Valley [COH-AV]). Eligible participants were 65+ years with a new diagnosis of a malignant neoplasm under evaluation for cancer therapy. Before starting therapy, patients completed: baseline GA, SupportScreen, and the Fulmer SPICES assessment. A geriatric nurse practitioner (GNP) reviewed GA results and implemented multidisciplinary supportive care interventions (GAIN-S) via telehealth between April 2020 and January 2023. Key evaluation measures included: number of patients who completed GAIN-S; number of referrals to multidisciplinary supportive care services and completion rate; advance directives (ADs); and patient satisfaction with telehealth visits. Participants’ demographics, including distance traveled for care, type of cancer, stage, treatment, and telehealth satisfaction items, were summarized using descriptive statistics. To analyze and visualize the implementation process, run charts were utilized. Results: 251 patients (mean age 74, 62% Non-Hispanic White, 22% live 60+ miles from COH-AV, 56% stage II or less, 30% received chemotherapy) completed baseline assessments. 242 had initial visits with GNP, 197 via televideo and 45 via telephone. GNP reviewed vulnerabilities with 209 patients and generated 460 referrals for supportive care services, with 85% of services implemented. Highest numbers of referrals were to pharmacy (177), social work (142), occupational therapy (76), and physical therapy (48). GNP discussed GA-guided care plans with all patients and 43 patients completed AD after discussion with GNP. Over 92% of patients were satisfied with telehealth-based GAIN-S in terms of both ease of visit and access to care with their provider and with telehealth. Conclusions: Telehealth-based GAIN-S has proven to be feasible in providing accessible healthcare to older patients with cancer in a lower resourced community setting. This approach, well-received by most patients, highlights the potential of telehealth in delivering GAIN-S effectively in such settings.
Activating HR+/HER2- and triple-negative breast cancer care teams and their patients in shared decision-making.
Authors: McKinnon Kelly E. , Dewald Ilona , Storey Janet , Dooyema Samuel , Carter Jeffrey D. , Heggen Cherilyn , Mahtani Reshma L. 
Published: June 2024

1547 Background: In the rapidly evolving treatment landscape of metastatic breast cancer (MBC), shared decision-making (SDM) is critical to individualize care and improve patient outcomes. To help facilitate improved SDM, we developed an educational toolkit for health care providers (HCPs) to use with HR+/HER2- and triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) patients (pts) and evaluated the implementation of this toolkit at 5 community oncology clinics. Methods: In May-June 2022, pts (N=94) and HCPs (N=18) completed surveys assessing attitudes, confidence, goals, and barriers to SDM in MBC care. HCPs then led collaborative learning sessions with their pts using the SDM toolkit to provide education regarding treatment options and side effects, and to better align on shared goals and treatment plans. Results: In surveys, only 50% of pts reported that they decide on a treatment plan together with their HCPs , 38% reported being asked about treatment preferences, and 34% reported discussing supportive care, such as mental health care or pain relief. Additionally, very few pts reported high knowledge of BC treatments and side effects. HCPs and pts were misaligned on patient goals and barriers to SDM. For example, 56% of HCPs thought pts were too overwhelmed/anxious/fatigued to make treatment decisions, but only 21% of pts agreed that was a top challenge. While pts and HCPs were aligned on top treatment decision factors of effectiveness and quality-of-life, HCPs underestimated the importance of concerns about side effects (HCPs 11% vs pts 32%), and the cost and duration of treatment (17% vs 30%, and 22% vs 30%, respectively). HCPs correctly identified survival (56%) as a top goal for pts but were less likely to identify progression/recurrence as important to pts (39%). Additionally, 28% of pts reported their top challenge was worrying about being unable to work or meet responsibilities at home; however, only 19% of HCPs recognized this as a top challenge. Following pt-HCPs collaborative education sessions, in which HCPs used the SDM toolkit to facilitate pt education and SDM, HCPs and pts reported improved confidence in pt-HCP communication. Additionally, 46% of pts reported discussing treatment goals with their HCPs and 46% reported taking a more active role in their care following the learning session. Conclusions: These findings reveal misalignments between HCPs and patients with BC regarding treatment decision-making. The gaps identified are critical to address as they are pre-requisites for SDM. The downloadable shared decision-making toolkit developed as part of this implementation science initiative can be adopted by breast cancer clinical teams to help facilitate patient education and SDM, empowering patients to be active participants in their care.
Integrating 4 Methods (In4M) to evaluate physical function in patients with cancer: Results of a comprehensive digital health study.
Authors: Thanarajasingam Gita , Dueck Amylou C. , Bhatnagar Vishal , Brown Abbie , Cathcart-Rake Elizabeth Jane , Diamond Matthew , Faust Louis , Fiero Mallorie , Huntington Scott F. , Jeffery Molly , Jones Lee , Paludo Jonas , Power Bradford , Ross Joseph S. , Ruddy Kathryn Jean , Schellhorn Sarah , Tarver Michelle , Wood William Allen , Gross Cary Philip , Kluetz Paul Gustav 
Published: June 2024

1564 Background: Physical function (PF) is a core outcome in cancer trials that can inform treatment tolerability. PF can be assessed across modalities including by patient (pt) report, clinician (clin) report, performance tests and digital sensors. The optimal approach for PF measurement has not been defined. Methods: In4M is a prospective observational study evaluating PF in pts initiating chemotherapy for breast cancer or lymphoma followed over 9 months. We used an electronic platform (Hugo) to aggregate serially assessed pt-reported PF, clin- and pt-reported ECOG performance status (PS), 6-minute walk test (6MWT) and wearable (Fitbit) data. We evaluated feasibility in all pts; associations among PF measures and the ability of PF measures to detect change were evaluated in pts with both baseline (BL) and 3-month (3M) data. We used Pearson correlations to assess the relationship of average daily steps with measures of PF. To assess change, we compared each PF measure from BL to 3M using a 2-sided α=.05 paired t-test. Results: Of the208 pts enrolled, 193 (93%) and 159 (76%) completed surveys, and 121 (58%) and 124 (60%) provided wearable data (evaluable: ≥1 day data) at BL and 3M, respectively. When requiring a stringent BL with 4+ days of data with ≥1 weekend day to be evaluable, 88 (42%) and 120 (58%) provided wearable data at BL and 3M. At both BL and 3M, pt-reported PF was generally more highly correlated with wearable-derived daily steps than clin-reported PF and 6MWT were (Table). Significant declines in PF were observed for pt- and clin-reported PF (all p<0.05), but not other modalities. Conclusions: Longitudinalassessment of multi-modal PF data including pragmatic wearable data collection was feasible in pts receiving chemotherapy. Pt-reported PF was the only modality that was both correlated with step count and able to detect change. Additional wearable metrics, correlations among PF measurements and outcomes, and clinically meaningful change scores will be reported. Optimal PF measurement may improve future reporting of treatment tolerability. Clinical trial information: NCT05214144 . [Table: see text]
Interim report of a phase 2 study of sonodynamic therapy (SDT) using SONALA-001 together with MR-guided low-intensity focused ultrasound (MRgFUS) in children with diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG).
Authors: Kilburn Lindsay Baker , Packer Roger J. , Fonseca Adriana , Keating Robert F , Mueller Sabine , Narsinh Kazim , Ho Winson S , Niazi Toba , Fenn Peter , Clanton Ryan , Henry Lenora , Potter Wyatt , Andresen Corina , Marcus Stuart , Benaim Ely , Syed Hasan R 
Published: June 2024

2067 Background: Children with DIPG have limited treatment options and a poor prognosis, with median survival of 9-12 months. Preclinical studies reveal that sonodynamic therapy (SDT) with MR-guided focused ultrasound (MRgFUS) activates ALA metabolite, protoporphyrin IX (PpIX), leading to tumor cell death and extending survival in glioma models. Methods: SDT-201 (NCT05123534) is a multi-center, first-in-child dose escalation trial of SDT with SONALA-001 and MRgFUS administered in children aged ≥ 5 years with DIPG, enrolled 4-20 weeks post-radiation therapy and prior to disease progression. The trial evaluates the safety and preliminary efficacy of SDT and pharmacokinetics (PK) of intravenous ALA (SONALA-001) at 5mg/kg, administered 6-12 hours before MRgFUS to the pons (delivered to half the pons 30 days apart for the first patient in each cohort of 3, with subsequent patients receiving entire pons treatment). The trial was subsequently amended to allow up to 12 monthly treatments. Results: Six patients in 2 cohorts were treated (4 male:2 female, range 5-12 years) between August 2022 and December 2023. No DLTs or related AE grade ≥ 3 were observed. For SONALA-001, the Cmax occurred at the end of infusion, followed by rapid clearance (15.7 mL/min/kg) with plasma half-life of < 1 hour, indicating rapid distribution. The PpIX Cmax occurred 4-6 hours post-dose and declined with a longer mean half-life than SONALA-001 of 6 hours. Both Cmax and AUCall demonstrate circulating-PpIX and systemic exposure were significantly lower than for SONALA-001. Two of the first 6 patients achieved a partial response per RAPNO central-review, and 2 subjects continuing treatment are 11 to 15 months from start of study therapy. Conclusions: SDT is a well-tolerated strategy for patients with DIPG after initial radiotherapy. SONALA-001 shows rapid distribution and clearance, and PpIX PK align with metabolite formation. Following dose escalation completion, dose-expansion will be initiated at RP2D offering further insights into safety, PK, and efficacy. Clinical trial information: NCT05123534 .
Pathological complete response to predict long term outcomes in the I-SPY2 TRIAL.
Authors: Yee Douglas , Esserman Laura , Yau Christina ,   I-SPY investigators
Published: June 2024

597 Background: The I-SPY2 platform trial uses pathologic complete response (pCR) to identify active agents in patients with stage 2/3 breast cancer. Only patients with HR+ HER2- tumors, and low risk 70-gene assay results are excluded. 2118 patients were enrolled from March 2010 through June 2022 with follow-up data from 2005 patients as of January 2024. We have reported the improved event-free (EFS) and distant-recurrence free (DRFS) survival for 950 patients (1) who achieved a pathological complete response (pCR). Here we report the outcomes for the additional 1055 patients not included in our initial report. Methods: Patients have been randomized to one of 25 arms. Residual Cancer Burden (RCB) assessment was performed by site pathologists who were trained to ensure uniform response classification; RCB 0 = pCR. EFS is defined as time to local or distant recurrence or death. DRFS is defined as time to distant recurrence or death. Patients without events were censored at time to last follow-up. Association between pCR and EFS/DRFS was assessed using Cox proportional hazard modeling with significance assessment using the log rank test. EFS and DRFS at 3 years are estimated using the Kaplan Meier method. Results: Median follow up was 3.3 years (0.05-10.2 y). There were 144 EFS and 123 DRFS events. pCR rates varied by subtype, but achieving pCR was associated with an EFS of 96% and DRFS of 96%. For patients without pCR the EFS was 82% and DRFS was 84% at 3 years. The relationship between pCR and EFS was significant and clinically impactful within each subtype. Conclusions: pCR continues to have a strong positive association with EFS and DRFS as in our initial report. It is notable that EFS for non-pCR patients improved to 82% from our initial report of 78%. Initially few patients received additional adjuvant therapy except for standard of care endocrine and HER2-targeted therapy. Increased adoption of post neoadjuvant therapy with the approval of several agents for patients with non-pCR likely contributed to this improvement. I-SPY also reported a shift in residual cancer burden for patients receiving investigational therapies, which also may improve outcome for non-pCR patients. Taken together, these data demonstrate the value of pCR as an early endpoint regardless of tumor type or drugs delivered. These findings emphasize the need for new agents that will allow all patients to achieve pCR and potentially avoid the need for additional therapy after surgery. 1. Yee, et al. JAMA Oncol 2020. 2. Symmans, et al. JAMA Oncol 2021. Clinical trial information: NCT01042379 . [Table: see text]