bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dataset distillation-based optimization for heterogeneous federated learning
Authors: Jin Haozhe , Zhao Shuai , Zhang Yutao , Zhai Rui , Song Yalin , Yu Junyang , Wang Yingqi 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Federated learning (FL) is a privacy-preserving distributed learning paradigm that allows multiple clients to collaboratively train a global model. However, the FL performance is often degraded by data heterogeneity, i.e., non-IID data distributed in multiple clients, and the cost of system communication can increase significantly. In this paper, we present FedDS, a novel FL method based on dataset distillation to handle data heterogeneity. Specifically, FedDS first works by extracting distilled data from local data and sharing distilled data to optimize data distribution for each FL client, which can reduce the impact of data heterogeneity. Second, FedDS clusters clients based on the similarity of distilled data features, and the most representative clients from each cluster are selected to participate in FL training, which can further improve performance. Extensive experiments on multiple benchmark datasets demonstrate the effectiveness of FedDS in improving the model’s performance compared to several advanced FL methods.
16p13.3 homologous sequences underlie microdeletions encompassing TBC1D24 and ATP6V0C
Authors: Campeau Philippe , Mazel Benoit , Coleman Emilia , Rousseau Justine , Kailasam Senthilkumar , Ajeawung Norbert , Cruz Daniel Alexander Jimenez , Ehresmann Sophie , Chen Gang , Ernst Carl 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Chromosomal microdeletions represent a complex class of genetic disorders. Recently, 16p13.3 microdeletions encompassing TBC1D24and ATP6V0C have gained prominence as structural variants associated with neurodevelopmental disorders, but their occurrence mechanisms remain unexplored. We used a comprehensive range of sequencing technologies (mate pair genome sequencing, linked-pair genome sequencing, nanopore sequencing, targeted locus amplification (TLA), long range and nested PCR followed by Sanger sequencing), to map the exact 16p13.3 microdeletion breakpoints in eight previously reported individuals. Repetitive sequences and non-canonical secondary structures potentially predisposing to the microdeletions were analyzed. Microdeletion breakpoints were successfully mapped in all patients using TLA, split read analysis, PCR/Sanger sequencing, or nanopore sequencing. Other technologies identified only approximate breakpoints. Alu sequences and non-B DNA motifs were detected in most patients. Noteworthy, two unrelated individuals were carriers of the same deletion. Mechanistically, non-allelic homologous recombination, through a 639 bp sequence with 96.2% homology, appears to underlie a recurrent 16p13.3 microdeletion. Microhomology-mediated end-joining and non-homologous end-joining emerged as other mechanisms driving these 16p13.3 microdeletions, which differs from other studied contiguous gene syndromes. This research contributes to a deeper understanding of microdeletion-associated disorder pathophysiology in medical genetics.
The TRANSNephro-study examining a new transition model for post-kidney transplant adolescents - Results of a multicenter, randomized-controlled trial
Authors: Kreuzer Martin , Prüfe Jenny , Dierks Marie-Luise , Müther Silvia , Bethe Dirk , Büscher Anja , Heindl-Rusai Krisztina , Hollenbach Sabine , Hoppe Bernd , John-Kroegel Ulrike , Kanzelmeyer Nele , Klaus Günter , Kranz Birgitta , Oh Jun , Pohl Martin , Rieger Susanne , Ruckenbrodt Bettina , Sauerstein Katja , Staude Hagen , Taylan Christina , Thumfart Julia , Weitz Marcus , Ringlstetter Rieke , Großhennig Anika , Pape Lars 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Allograft loss after pediatric kidney transplantation (KTx) is highest in adolescents and young adults. Non-adherence and Health Care Transition (HCT) are important factors, but others do also contribute.
Patients were randomized 1:1. The intervention group (IG) included a central case manager, a communication app, and joined transition rounds for one year before and one after transfer. Primary endpoint was the coefficient of variation (CoV) of the trough level of the calcineurin inhibitor as a surrogate marker for medication adherence associated with graft loss. Least square (LS) mean differences and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using an ANCOVA model.
220 patients were assessed for eligibility. 49 patients were randomized to the intervention group and 53 to the control group (CG). We analyzed 84 patients in the modified intention-to-treat analysis (38IG,46CG) and 60 in the per protocol analysis (25IG,35CG) No difference in CoV was observed. We saw low numbers of graft-related events and observed no differences with respect to quality of life.
BTP did not improve adherence and other outcome parameters. Non-adherent patients may have decided not to take part, as adherence of participants was already good at study start. It thus is a future challenge to design multicenter trials on HCT that include multiple interventions.
Pancreatic Tuberculosis: Arterial Infusion of Isoniazid as an Adjunct to Oral Antituberculosis Medications Has Demonstrated Promising Therapeutic Efficacy
Authors: Li Yipan , He Sicheng , Ding Xun , Zhou Jun , Zhai Yan , Lu Wei 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background
Isolated pancreatic tuberculosis is a rare manifestation of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in the human body, presenting substantial challenges in clinical diagnosis and treatment. This report details a case characterized by a space-occupying lesion in the pancreas.
CASE presentation
A 35-year-old male presented at our medical center with upper abdominal distension and pain. Pre- and post-admission Computed Tomography (CT) and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) scans revealed a pronounced ring-enhanced mass at the head of the pancreas, compressing the adjacent common bile duct. Additional findings included multiple enlarged lymph nodes near the lesion. Initially, the imaging department suggested a pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor. Despite no known tuberculosis exposure and negative laboratory and DNA tests for tuberculosis bacilli, except for a positive tuberculin skin test, the lesion was ultimately identified as a pancreatic tuberculous granuloma through endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration. Given the granuloma's rich arterial blood supply, we performed pancreaticoduodenal artery angiography and locally infused anti-tuberculosis drugs to reduce the patient's abdominal pain. The patient then began standard oral anti-tuberculosis therapy. Follow-up evaluations at 4 and 7 months showed continuous reduction in the size of the lesion, relieving pressure on nearby structures and causing no discomfort to the patient.
Conclusions
When imaging and laboratory tests cannot distinguish isolated pancreatic tuberculosis lesions from pancreatic cystic tumors, endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration should be considered. Local arterial infusion of isoniazid, while monitoring for hepatotoxicity, has proven highly effective in promptly reducing clinical symptoms in patients. Combined with conventional oral antituberculosis drug therapy, the long-term prognosis for patients appears favorable.
A case series study of the preauricular transmasseteric approach as novel option for mandibular condyle fractures
Authors: Ramos Guilherme Veloso , Coelho Luiza Vale , Parpinelli Bruno César , DDS Clarina Louis Silva Meira , Amaral Marcio Bruno Figueiredo , DDS Roger Lanes Silveira 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Objective
The aim of this study was to describe the outcomes of the novel pre-auricular approach with transmasseteric dissection in patients submitted to surgical reduction and fixation of mandibular condyle fractures.
Method
The present study was conducted at a level 1 trauma center in Brazil, in which patients undergoing the pre-auricular approach with transmasseteric dissection for access and fixation of extracapsular mandibular condyle fractures, as well as complications rates. The patients were followed up for at least 180 days.
Results
Twenty patients diagnosed with extracapsular mandibular condyle fractures were included in the study. All patients were submitted to surgical reduction and internal fixation of the fractures through the pre-auricular approach with transmasseteric dissection. No Trans operative complications were observed. Temporary palsy of facial nerve branches was encountered in 25% of cases. Only one patient (5%) had permanent facial palsy, and one patient had (5%) salivary fistula. Following the procedure, majority of patients presented occlusal stability, and 95% showed restoration of mandibular movements.
Conclusion
The PATD surgical approach seems to be safe and reliable, with low complication rates. PATD can be an alternative surgical approach for management of neck condylar fractures. In the other hand, randomized clinical trials should be performed comparing different surgical approaches for the mandibular condyle fractures.
Twelve-year experience of pineal region meningiomas: Long-term outcomes of maximal safe resection
Authors: He Wenbo , Chen Zhouhaoran , Xu Chongxi , Hou Jingxuan , Chen Yuchen , Zheng Datong , Xu Jianguo , Hu Yu 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Purpose The purpose of this research was to summarize the clinical and prognostic features of penial region meningiomas, evaluate treatment strategies and long-term prognoses, and improve the management of penial region meningiomas.
Methods We retrospectively studied the data of 37 patients who received surgical resection for penial region meningiomas at West China Hospital of Sichuan University from 2009 to 2021. Adjuvant gamma knife radiosurgery (GKRS) was conducted according to the extent of resection (EOR). Progression-free survival (PFS), Karnofsky performance status (KPS) scores and recovery of neurological function were adopted to assess a comprehensive management strategy for penial region meningiomas.
Results The most common symptom was intracranial hypertension associated with obstructive hydrocephalus (75.7%). The Poppen approach (40.5%) and Krause approach (29.7%) were performed in most cases. Gross total resection (GTR) was achieved in 27 patients (73.0%) and the remaining patients were treated with subtotal resection (STR) combined with postoperative GKRS. With a mean follow-up period of 87.0 months, the progression rate was 10%, the 5-year PFS rate was 92.9%, and the ΔKPS was 15.3. Multivariate analysis revealed that the STR+GKRS and Krause approach were beneficial to the recovery of quality of life of patients.
Conclusion Pineal region meningiomas are sporadic but challenging. It is necessary to select the most appropriate surgical approach, EOR, and hydrocephalus treatment strategy for patients with pineal region meningiomas. Maximal safe resection to protect neurovascular function combined with postoperative GKRS can significantly improve the quality of life of patients.
Potential neurological impact of Anterior Cerebral-Anterior Communicating Artery complex: A morphological study.
Authors: Saha Saha A Anubha , Bhattacharya Bhattacharya A Alipta , Ghosh Paul Ghosh S Satarupa Paul , Roy Roy S Sanchita 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Purpose: Variations of circle of Willis are not rare. Study is done with an aim to assess the pattern of the component vessels of its anterior part with regard to Right- Left variations and compare with other studies.
Material and method: 56 formalin fixed cadavers were analyzed. The diameter, length and variations of the following vessels were measured: Anterior Cerebral Artery (proximal A1 segment to distal A2 segment), anterior communicating artery and photographed for documentation. Statistical analysis was done by statistica software.
Result: 53.57% had normal anterior cerebral artery- anterior communicating artery complex. Length and diameter were slightly more on left side. Unilateral hypoplasia, Azygos and Tripple Anterior Cerebral Artery was present in 21.43%, 3.57 and 1.78% respectively. In specimens, no aplasia of Anterior Cerebral Artery was present. Aplastic, double and fenestration type anterior communicating artery were present in 5.3%, 8.92% and 1.78% respectively.
Conclusion: Anatomical knowledge of variations should be updated regularly for neurosurgeons, radiologists and clinicians to avoid unexpected consequences.
Machine learning models based on dietary data to predict gallstones: NHANES 2017-2020
Authors: Shao Guanming , Ma Yonghui , Wang Lili , Qu Chao , Gao Ruiqian , Sun Peng , Cao Jingyu 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

The development of gallstones is closely related to diet. As the prevalence of gallstones increases, it is crucial to identify risk factors to predict the development of gallstones. Data from the 2017–2020 U.S. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) were analyzed, and 5,150 participants were randomly divided into a training set and a validation set in a 7:3 ratio. Variables were screened via Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression. Multilayer perceptron (MLP), support vector machines (SVM), K-nearest neighbor (KNN), eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost), decision tree (DT), logistic regression (LR), and random forest (RF) were used to construct the models. The performance of the model was evaluated through the area under the curve (AUC), receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, calibration curves and decision curve analysis (DCA). The random forest model was selected as the best model, and the variables in the model were ranked in order of importance. A machine learning model based on dietary intake has a better ability to predict the risk of gallstones and can be used to guide participants in the development of healthy eating patterns.
Deep Learning Based Quantitative Cervical Vertebral Maturation Analysis
Authors: Fulin Jiang , abdulqader Abbas Ahmed , Yan Yan , Fangyuan Cheng , Jinghong Yu , Juan Li , Yong Qiu , Xin Chen 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Objectives: This study aims to enhance clinical diagnostics for quantitative cervical vertebral maturation (QCVM) staging with precise landmark localization. Existing methods are often subjective and time-consuming, while deep learning alternatives withstand the complex anatomical variations. To address these challenges, we introduce an advanced two-stage convolutional neural network customize for improved accuracy in cervical vertebrae analysis.
Methods: This study analyzed 2100 cephalometric images. The data distribution to an 8:1:1 for training, validation, and testing. The CVnet system is designed a two-step method with comprehensive evaluation of various ROI sizes was undertaken to locate 19 cervical vertebral landmarks and precision classifying maturation stages. The accuracy of the pinpointing landmarks was assessed by success detection rate and one way ANOVA test. The diagnostic accuracy test was conducted to evaluate system's performance and agreements with six examiners.
Results: Upon precise calibration with the optimal region of interest (ROI) size, the landmark localization, registering an average error of just 0.66±0.45 mm and a success detection rate of 98.51% within 2 mm. Additionally, in 210 test samples, the accuracy rate is 69.52% in identifying cervical vertebral maturation stages.
Conclusions: This study launched a two-stage neural network that effectively and reliably identifies landmarks and automates the calculation of cervical vertebral maturation stages. Through this approach, the neural network achieved an accuracy rate of approximately 69.52%, resulting in an enhancement of about 10.95% in the accuracy of primary orthodontists' staging.
Clinical relevance:The high accuracy and speed of this method in pinpointing cervical vertebrae landmarks are significant for automating skeletal age estimation with CVM techniques. This method could add a valuable information to clinician’s underdeveloped areas or inexperienced to make reliable treatment decision.
A Hybrid Cuckoo Search-K-means Model for Enhanced Intrusion Detection in Internet of Things
Authors: Hassan Mustafa Yahya , Najim Ali Hamza , Al-Sharhanee Kareem Ali , Kadhim Mustafa Noaman , Soliman Naglaa F. , Algarni Abeer D. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Integrating machine learning (ML) into intrusion detection systems (IDS) is considered an important topic for preventing the spread of cyber threats. However, when it comes to machine learning techniques, IDSs face challenges in accurately identifying various types of attacks within the complex structures of a network. This study addresses the lack of research on combining metaheuristic optimization techniques with unsupervised machine learning algorithms in IDS design. The proposed model uses the cuckoo search metaheuristic and the K-means method to improve IDS precision. Here, the cuckoo search algorithm is used to increase the efficiency of feature selection. Meanwhile, the k-means clustering methodology is used to discretize the data and reduce its dimensionality by using two clusters, C1 and C2. The proposed model, developed carefully, includes data preprocessing (handling missing values), data transformation (label encoding), and data normalization. A stochastic operator assesses the impact of the K-means operator. The model is evaluated using an accessible intrusion dataset and compared with other state-of-the-art models. From the research conclusions, the presented model also demonstrates better results compared to the rest, especially when it reaches accuracy (99. 79%), precision (99. 78%), recall (99. 51%), and the F1-score (99).
Significance of geriatric nutritional risk index and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio as prognostic indicators in older patients with gastric cancer: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Miyamoto Hironari , Toyokawa Takahiro , Ishidate Takemi , Kuroda Kenji , Miki Yuichiro , Yoshii Mami , Tamura Tatsuro , Lee Shigeru , Maeda Kiyoshi 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background: The number of older patients with cancer is increasing with the progression of aging societies. We aimed to clarify the prognostic values of the geriatric nutritional risk index (GNRI) as a nutritional index and the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) as an inflammatory index in older patients with gastric cancer.
Methods: Between January 2007 and December 2016, a total of 197 consecutive gastric cancer patients aged ≥75 years who underwent radical gastrectomy were included in this study. We evaluated the prognostic values of preoperative GNRI and NLR using time-dependent receiver operating characteristic curveanalysis, log-rank tests and Cox regression analysis.
Results: The areas under the curve (AUCs) predicting 5-year OS were 0.668 for GNRI and 0.637 for NLR. The 5-year OS rates in the groups with low and high GNRI and NLR were 40.1% and 74.1% (p<0.001), 70.7% and 41.5% (p<0.001), respectively. Multivariate analysis showed that GNRI (Hazard ratio (HR): 0.584; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.356–0.960; p=0.034) and NLR (HR: 2.470; 95% CI: 1.503–4.059; p<0.001) were independent predictors for OS. GNRI-NLR score constructed with GNRI and NLR had a higher AUC of 0.698 than those of either GNRI or NLR alone, and was an independent prognostic factor (HR, 0.486; 95% CI: 0.363–0.651; p<0.001).
Conclusions: GNRI and NLR are useful prognostic biomarkers in older gastric cancer patients aged ³75years, and the GNRI-NLR score could contribute to a more personalized and holistic approach to cancer treatment in older gastric cancer patients.
Exploring the link between Diabetes duration and cardiovascular disease in Diabetic patients
Authors: Poochanasri Methavee , Kookanok Chutawat , Rangsin Ram , Kaewput Wisit , Mungthin Mathirut , Samakkarnthai Parinya 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background
Type 2 Diabetes mellitus (T2DM) significantly impacts cardiovascular disease (CVD). This study investigates the role of diabetes duration in determining CVDs, including coronary artery disease (CAD), congestive heart failure (CHF), cerebrovascular disease (CVA), and peripheral arterial disease (PAD) in Asian individuals with T2DM, based on 2018 data from Thai adults.
Methods
Thai adult patients with T2DM were recruited, and the duration of diabetes was stratified. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify CVD risk factors, and the final model was performed using multivariable logistic regression analysis.
Result
The study comprised 34,131 participants. The final model revealed adjusted odds ratios for CAD (AOR 1.80, 95% CI: 1.38–2.34), CHF (AOR 1.81, 95% CI: 1.22–2.67), and PAD (AOR 6.47, 95% CI: 3.09–13.58) with diabetes durations exceeding 15 years. However, the association between diabetes duration and CVA showed less consistency.
Conclusion
The duration of DM is a significant determinant of cardiovascular risk, especially for conditions including CAD, CHF, and PAD, but not CVA.
A glycosylation-related signature can predict prognosis and immunotherapy response in patients with acute myeloid leukaemia
Authors: Yang Chunxia , Yang Ying , Zhang Fen-Li , Zhou Man , Zhou Ming-Xiang , Hu Yang , Yang Hong-lan , Wang Jian , Chen Mao-qiong , Yang Xiao-Yan 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background
Acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) are a bunch of malignant tumors derived from hematopoietic stem cells, characterized by high morbidity, high relapse rate and high lethality. Recent years have demonstrated the association between aberrant glycosylation and tumors, but how aberrant glycosylation affects the heterogeneity and prognosis of AML patients remains to be explored.
Methods
Comprehensive single-cell sequencing analyses (scRNA-seq) and transcriptome expression analyses were conducted on the GSE235857 and GSE37642 datasets, with pertinent data on acute myeloid leukemia (AML) acquired from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases. Twelve genes were identified with abnormal glycosylation modifications using the Cox regression, Stepwise regression and LASSO regression analyses for construction of a prognostic model for patients with AML. In addition, the tumor immune escape was stronger in patients with highly glycosylated subgroups, and expression levels of key genes were verified through single-cell sequencing.
Results
Through scRNA-seq analysis, we identified 12 glycosylation-related genes associated with AML prognosis in patients. Risk profiles were then established for these 12 genes, revealing a primary association with both glycosylation and EMT. Furthermore, patients exhibiting high glycosylation modifications displayed a stronger tendency towards immune escape and poorer immunotherapy outcomes. Drug target screening subsequently identified several candidate agents for therapeutic intervention of hyper-glycosylation modifications. Finally, Identification and validation of the presence of 12 core genes related to glycosylation in AML patients by scRNA-seq.
Conclusions
The constructed risk models based on abnormal glycosylation modifications can effectively predict the prognosis of AML. In-depth study of abnormal glycosylation modifications in AML is advocated to further explore the response of AML to immunotherapy andprovides new insights into the diagnosis and management of AML.