bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synthesis and characterisation of some new arylazopyridone dyes
Authors: Bahreini Zaker 
Published: October 2009

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to synthesise, characterise and find out properties of some new arylazopyridone disperse dyes, bearing different substituents on coupling component of the dyes.Design/methodology/approachThe dyes are synthesised by diazotisation, coupling and cyclization reactions, starting from various aryldiazonium salts and different β‐diketoesters followed by condensation with cyanoacetamide. The structures of these dyes are characterised and confirmed by melting point, elemental analysis, infrared, ultraviolet‐visible spectroscopy (UV/VIS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (1H‐NMR) data. Their absorption properties in different solvents are also investigated.FindingsThe wavelength of maximum absorptions, molar extinction coefficients are strongly dependent on the electron donating ability of the substituents on the coupling moiety. The absorption bands of these dyes move towards longer wavelength as the polarity of the solvents and electron density of substituents on the coupling moiety increase. These dyes are chromophorically strong as evidenced by molar extinction coefficient in solvents.Originality/valueIn this paper, four series of arylazopyridone dyes (21 dyes) are synthesised and characterised. They have not been registered in the literature previously.
The adhesive and durability of adhesive‐poly (ethylene terephthalate) film joints
Authors: Li L. , Wang C. 
Published: October 2009

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to research the durability of the adhesive‐poly(ethylene terephthalate) film joints.Design/methodology/approachThe adhesive‐poly(ethylene terephthalate) joints are prepared with poly ethylene terephthalate film synthesised from thioglycolic acid, terpene hydrocarbon resin and acetone resolution at room temperature. These joints are characterised by methods of peel strength tests, energy dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy (EDX) and analysis of glass transition temperature (Tg) to examine their durability.FindingsPeel strength tests and EDX analyses prove that water diffusion in different humidity aging conditions causes similar changes, namely having the time‐temperature equivalence at 45°C for 200, 300, 500 and 600 h, respectively, almost corresponding with those at 55°C for 100, 200, 300 and 400 h, respectively, and at 65°C for 50, 100, 150 and 200 h, respectively. The changes in EDX spectra of adhesive‐poly(ethylene terephthalate) film joints indicate that the rate of water penetration in the adhesive is faster than that in the poly(ethylene terephthalate) film. In humidity aging process, the decline ratio of peel strength of adhesive‐poly(ethylene terephthalate) film joints treated with Co60 irradiation is lower than that treated with acetone washing or chemical treatment.Originality/valueThe paper shows that using EDX for analysis of durability of adhesive film joints is of significance to industrial process.
Limited influence of loyalty program membership on relational outcomes
Authors: Lacey Russell 
Published: October 2009

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate customer loyalty program membership effects from a multi‐faceted relational outcome perspective.Design/methodology/approachA model was developed to assess hypothesized loyalty program effects on a series of linkages between relationship commitment and a variety of relational outcomes. The study's hypotheses are tested with customer survey data from an upscale department store chain. Structural model multi‐group analysis is used to test the hypotheses between members (n=1,239) and non‐members (n=743) of the department store's customer loyalty program.FindingsThe findings display the surprisingly limited impact of loyalty program membership on the tested relational outcomes. Loyalty program membership favorably influences customers' desires to increase their purchases and provide complaint feedback to the firm. However, loyalty program membership fails to favorably impact four key advocacy outcomes; namely, customers' willingness to provide personal referrals, marketing research support, share personal information, and demonstrate openness to firm promotions.Research limitations/implicationsThe results are based on a large sample of highly educated and affluent customers of a specific retailer, encompassing members of one particular loyalty program.Practical implicationsThe results provide cautionary evidence as to what marketers may be able to gain from loyalty programs as a relationship marketing tool for impacting firm advocacy behaviors.Originality/valueThe tested model captures potential contributions of customers as advocates to the firm. The mixed empirical support demonstrates the limited impact of loyalty programs on strengthening non‐purchase‐related outcomes.
Wiki to the rescue: creating a more dynamic intranet
Authors: Dworak Ellie , Jeffery Keven 
Published: October 2009

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to describe a project to convert a library intranet from HTML format to Wiki software and presents evidence of the success of this project.Design/methodology/approachThe authors conduct a pre‐ and post‐survey of intranet users.FindingsUse of the intranet increases after the transition to a Wiki. Updating does not increase, but is more evenly spread among departments rather than being concentrated among technical staff.Practical implicationsWiki software is an excellent choice for a library intranet because it allows for easy editing and shared responsibility.Originality/valueThere are few articles written that assess the merits of Wiki software. This article establishes an ongoing discussion of which new web technologies have the most utility in a library setting.
The moral resonance of Catholic globalization perspectives
Authors: Ianelli James , Block Walter 
Published: October 2009

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to demonstrate that there is a gigantic difference in political philosophy between earlier and later Catholic theology, regarding free trade.Design/methodology/approachThe paper compares statements on free trade made in the earlier period by adherents of the School of Salamanca, and in the later period by Populorum Progressio.FindingsThe paper finds that early theologians favored free trade unreservedly, while later ones were either ambivalent, or in opposition.Research limitations/implicationsCatholicism is not an unchanging philosophy, at least insofar as the economics of free trade is concerned. Catholic social thought on other economic issues, price controls, profits, usury, ought to be studied to see if there has been a similar sea change in perspective from earlier to later theologians.Originality/valueIt might be harsh to characterize what has occurred in this dimension as the “high‐jacking” of a political economy. On the other hand, it is not clear that this is not an accurate characterization.
Drawing on students' evaluation to draw a strategy canvas for a business school
Authors: Salem Khalifa Azaddin 
Published: October 2009

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to show how to construct a strategy canvas for a business school based on students' perceptions of the importance of critical value dimensions of its undergraduate offering(s) and its comparable performance on each. This can be used in evaluating the school's extant strategy and in developing a new innovative one.Design/methodology/approachA survey research is used to solicit and measure students' perception. This is then subjected to proper statistical analysis to draw conclusions, which are then used to construct the strategy canvas.FindingsThe findings show the strengths and weaknesses of the school's current strategy profile. They suggest how to use resources to improve performance on critical value dimensions and trigger thinking on new innovative dimensions.Research limitations/implicationsLimitations include the focus on one constituent (students) of the business school, and the choice and size of the sample.Practical implicationsThe use of students' perception to construct a strategy canvas proved to be useful and revealing. It shows how the strategy profiles of competitors compare and where to look for further information. This process helps create, evaluate, and develop new strategic insights.Originality/valueThe paper endeavors to use the rigor of survey analysis to provide valid and reliable information on the basis of which to construct a strategy canvas. This, perhaps, represents the first attempt to bring this combination to the context of higher education management.
Culturally‐anchored values and university education experience perception
Authors: Mitsis Ann , Foley Patrick 
Published: October 2009

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine whether business students' gender, age and culturally‐anchored values affect their perceptions of their university course experience.Design/methodology/approachCulturally diverse business students (n=548) studying at an Australian university were surveyed using previously established scales. Multivariate analysis was used to test six hypotheses.FindingsHigh uncertainty avoidance explained unique variation in the six dependent variables analysed using OLS regressions. These dependent variables were: goals, generic skills, good teaching, intellectual motivation, learning community and learning resources. Each of these variables identified different dimensions of a students' university education experience. High collectivism also explained unique variation for all except for goals. High masculinity only explained unique variation for learning resources. Age only produced a unique variance explanation for good teaching, and gender did not produce any. Nevertheless, most of the six independent variables had significant zero‐order correlations with the six dimensions of university experience examined in this study.Research limitations/implicationsChanges in business students' perceptions over time is a limitation of this study, as it was an exploratory cross‐sectional one.Practical implicationsThis study's findings may help universities improve their relationship with their total student population by recognising the non‐homogeneous nature of this business student cohort, especially their culturally‐anchored values.Originality/valueThis paper suggests that it may be both possible and useful to identify different student customer segments based on students' culturally‐anchored value orientations, which may be valuable to universities in their efforts to attract, retain and grow an ongoing relationship with students, especially international full‐fee paying students.
Performance, emotion and photographic histories
Authors: Warren Samantha 
Published: October 2009

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to provide a commentary on Professor Lee D. Parker's article on photo‐elicitation.Design/methodology/approachTwo exciting possibilities addressed in Parker's paper are discussed: the potential of archival photographs to transcend their status as “evidence” of times gone by; and the mobilisation of emotional oral histories through photographs as objects.FindingsThe status of photographs as emotional artefacts and issues surrounding their production, curation, storage, circulation and consumption are found to be as important as analysis of what photographs depict.Research limitations/implicationsAnalysing the performative and emotional character of historical research using photographs poses a challenge for the accounting and management scholar on account of the non‐reductionist nature of images.Practical implicationsAddressing these difficulties has great potential advance research methodology in this area.Originality/valueLiterature and ideas from geography and museum studies bring a new perspective on Professor Parker's article. The paper is of interest to researchers interested in the visual dimension of accounting and management, or those wishing to keep abreast of avant‐garde developments in accounting research methodology.
Comparing R&D consortia in Taiwan and the Chinese mainland
Authors: Xu Qiang , Chi Renyong 
Published: October 2009

PurposeR&D consortia as a new R&D cooperative form flourished in Japan, the USA, and Europe and can be regarded as a major tool for promoting industrial technological innovation and enhancing industry competitiveness. Inspired by R&D consortia in advanced countries, Taiwan and the Chinese mainland seek to develop the cooperative R&D mechanism in their own distinctive contexts. The purpose of this paper is to identify the patterns of their formation and development and to reveal the dynamics of R&D consortia (termed “public technological platforms” – PTPs) in the Chinese mainland) to give some implications for other developing countries that try to model the cooperative R&D policy for their own technology catch‐up programmes.Design/methodology/approachThe paper provides an explanatory framework for analyzing how Taiwan and the Chinese mainland seek to develop R&D consortia based on comparative analysis and case study.FindingsR&D consortia in Taiwan and PTPs in the Chinese mainland have unique structural characteristics with their common catch‐up goals and have been developing in different ways reflecting the relationships and interaction between academia, industry, and government. The effectiveness of R&D consortia is largely determined by the institutional arrangements including goal setting, organizational arrangements, and government involvement.Research limitations/implicationsFurther analysis of R&D consortia and PTPs would be required to form empirical studies based on the collection of more extensive data.Practical implicationsThe key to R&D consortia/PTPs' success is how to devise institutional arrangements to ensure effective cooperation between academia, industry, and government and to implement certain technology strategies effectively.Originality/valueThis research contributes by identifying the differences in development of Taiwan R&D consortia and Chinese mainland PTPs and by revealing their evolutionary process.
Moderating the collective and self‐efficacy relationship
Authors: Lev Smadar , Koslowsky Meni 
Published: October 2009

PurposeThis purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between teacher collective efficacy and three components of teacher self‐efficacy – instructional, social, and management. In addition, teacher role and school level are suggested as moderators.Design/methodology/approachThe study design examined the relationship between teacher collective efficacy and self‐efficacy over time. Data were collected from 97 junior and senior high school teachers.FindingsThe study finds that collective efficacy was positively associated with self‐efficacy, with teacher role moderating the association of two components of self‐efficacy: social and management. Also, managerial staff members showed higher levels of self‐efficacy.Research limitations/implicationsIt is possible that high school teachers and junior high are not easily distinguished. Also, the ns may not have been large enough to detect significant group differences. Furthermore, given that all scales were self‐report measures, common method variance may have affected the findings.Originality/valueThe present study demonstrates the significant association between collective efficacy and self‐efficacy. Moreover, role in the organization moderates the association between collective and self‐efficacy.
Reconsidering grades as data for decision making: more than just academic knowledge
Authors: Bowers Alex J. 
Published: October 2009

PurposeMuch of the recent research on data‐driven decision making in US schools has focused on standardized test scores while other forms of data in schools have gone largely unexamined as useful data, such as teacher‐assigned grades. Based on the literature, the theory outlined in this paper is that grades, as data historically overlooked in schools, are a useful multidimensional assessment for decision making by educational leaders. This paper aims to address these issues.Design/methodology/approachUsing multidimensional scaling, grades, and standardized test scores are compared for 195 students in grades 9‐12 from two US school districts. The relationship between these assessments is visualized between grades in core subjects, such as Mathematics and English, non‐core subjects, such as Art and Physical Education, and standardized test scores, such as the ACT.FindingsTwo significant dimensions appear to be embedded within grades; assessment of academic knowledge and an assessment of a student's ability to negotiate the social processes of school. These findings indicate that grades should be reconceptualized as informative for data‐driven decision making in schools as a potential assessment of both academic knowledge and a student's ability to negotiate the social processes of school.Originality/valueGrades have been overlooked as useful data in the data‐driven decision‐making literature. This paper provides novel evidence for the usefulness of actual teacher‐assigned grades in school and district decision making as well as research and policymaking versus the past use of student self‐reported grades or teacher perceptions of grading practices.
Towards setting a sustainable manufacturing safety programme in Nigeria
Authors: Adebiyi K.A. , Charles‐Owaba O.E. 
Published: October 2009

PurposeThe manufacturing industry in Nigeria often perceives government safety standards as an attempt to increase production cost. This is due to lack of acceptable template for setting an attainable standards and safety programme to the manufacturing industry. It is the goal of this work to develop such a template for an effective and sustainable manufacturing safety programme.Design/methodology/approachA total of 30 manufacturing firms were examined and five experienced manufacturing, and three safety engineers interviewed for information on types of SP activities. Review and synthesis of literature was carried out.FindingsFour types of accidents are identified as fatal, serious, minor and trivial wounds. Accidents causing factors are classified into human factor, deficient maintenance of facilities and environmental factors. The prevention activities were categorized into training, guarding, awareness, incentive, accident investigation and personal protective equipment (PPE).Practical implicationsThis study provides baseline information for academics, industry and safety practioners to setting an attainable and effective manufacturing safety programme.Originality/valueThe paper suggests a mathematical approach for developing a manufacturing safety programme.
Governance issues in accounting
Authors: Hutchinson Marion 
Published: October 2009

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to identify some key issues for the analysis of corporate governance based on the papers within this special issue including the Guest Editor's perspectives.Design/methodology/approachThe five papers included in this special issue are summarized and their main contribution to the literature is highlighted.FindingsThe paper collectively deal with the role and impact of corporate boards on the quality of information provided to capital markets.Practical implicationsThe theoretical and empirical research included in the special issue advance the understanding of corporate governance which provides impetus for practitioner and policy change.Originality/valueThe normative concepts of best practice need to be validated by empirical testing in the context of firms and their institutional settings. This suite of papers provides evidence of the effectiveness of corporate governance in improving accounting quality.
Board composition and firm performance variance: Australian evidence
Authors: Wang Yi , Oliver Judith 
Published: October 2009

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate the relationship between board composition and firm performance variance in the context of recent corporate governance reforms, based on the agency and organisational literatures.Design/methodology/approachThis paper uses 384 of the top 500 Australian companies as its dataset. Board composition measures include the percentages of affiliated, executive and independent members on the board. Firm risk is represented by the standard deviation of shareholder return. Several control variables are introduced in the regression analysis.FindingsThe results show a negative impact of executive directors on subsequent risk. Affiliated and independent directors, however, have no significant effect on the level of performance variance. Blockholders give a positive influence on firm risk. Moreover, companies with poor dividend payout or low managerial shareholdings tend to be riskier.Research limitations/implicationsThis paper does not examine the actual risk preference of individual directors, which could involve an attitudinal survey of board members. Future research may also examine the specific attributes towards risk for each type of affiliated directors.Practical implicationsThe findings cast doubts on the hope that promoting board independence would reduce agency conflicts relating to managerial risk aversion, and support the proposition that, although firms may comply with the demands for more independent directors, they could employ a number of tactics to neutralize the power of outsiders.Originality/valueThe empirical work surrounding this topic has been scant. This study may present the first Australian empirical evidence on the relationship between board composition and firm performance variance.
Evolution and its discontents
Authors: Staton Michael 
Published: October 2009

PurposeThis paper seeks to describe the evolution of the web outside academia and the Academy's struggle both to adapt and to cope, and to recommend policy changes vis‐à‐vis the barriers to innovation in the higher education market.Design/methodology/approachThe paper first describes the evolution of the web and the Academy's struggle and goes on to deal with breaking down the barriers to openness and monetization.FindingsThe paper finds that there is a giant usage gap between the way computing has been used and the new approach to social computing. Also there is a growth model gap vis‐à‐vis the growth model and user experience. Finally, the interoperability gap – educational institutions should look towards request‐driven interoperability.Originality/valueThe paper suggests recommendations – minor policy decisions, which will help to create an ecosystem of innovation in higher education.
Why 5 percent? An analysis of optimal endowment spending rates
Authors: Green Steven L. 
Published: October 2009

PurposeSome members of Congress in the USA have expressed serious concern that endowment spending rates of major American universities are too low. The purpose of this paper is to derive optimal spending rates and compare them with actual rates to determine if this concern is warranted.Design/methodology/approachA Cobb‐Douglas utility function is used to represent the trade‐off between current spending and endowment (which allows more future spending). Maximization of this function subject to relevant constraints yields a formula for the optimal endowment spending rate, which takes the form of a difference equation. The steady‐state solution to this difference equation is explored, along with the nature of convergence to the steady‐state. Relevant data are obtained from American universities with endowments over $500 million in 2007 to determine the optimal spending rates implied by the theory. These optimal rates are then compared with actual average spending rates.FindingsActual average spending rates are just below 5 per cent, which is well below the optimal rates of 7‐8 per cent implied by the theory.Practical implicationsThe results provide some support for regulations mandating minimum average spending rates from university endowments over time.Originality/valueThis paper is the first to model this problem using a theoretical framework that closely parallels the actual trade‐off considered by university investment managers, and it is the first to compare actual and theoretically optimal rates of endowment spending.