bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
From Cadres to Managers: The Double-hundred Action Programme and China's State-owned Enterprise Reform
Authors: Lee Chengpang , Zhang Ruiyu 
Published: May 2024

AbstractReforming China's state-owned enterprises (SOEs) is a complex endeavour. Among recent initiatives, the double-hundred action (DHA) programme stands out for its ambition, especially in its aim to revamp corporate governance structures and management systems. A notable change is that top executive positions are now open to a wider and more diverse candidate pool and are no longer restricted to Party cadres. Based on fieldwork and interviews at a DHA-selected enterprise, this paper explores the DHA's impact on SOE functioning and governance. Our research reveals unanimous support among top executives for the policy, despite stringent performance appraisals and limitations on future promotion opportunities. The policy has significantly transformed recruitment, performance evaluation and remuneration within the enterprise under study. However, although top executive recruitment is no longer tied to Party membership, the Party still exerts its influence through key appointments on the board of directors.
Privilege and Prejudice: Han Victimhood and Legitimizing Islamophobia in China
Authors: Miao Ying 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIslamophobia, along with other forms of alt-right discourse and hate speech, is a well-documented phenomenon in the Euro-American world. Despite increasing scholarly attention in the West, however, research on Islamophobia in authoritarian regimes is more limited. Using content analysis of key online Islamophobic accounts, this paper shows that there are two distinct types of Islamophobic narratives in the Chinese cyberspace: a “confessional” narrative attributed to Uyghur authors, and a warning narrative specifically for Han readership, cautioning them about the hidden dangers posed by the Hui. This paper explores how these Islamophobic pieces share a Han-centric gaze where the Han, the majority-dominant group in China today, are placed in both a saviour role in terms of the Uyghurs, and a victim role as underdogs coming under attack from the Hui. The successful assimilation of the Hui has led to suspicion and narratives of betrayal, despite state efforts to promote Hui assimilation as a successful example of ethnic harmony. Whereas the Uyghurs are welcomed and accepted as long as they are willing to admit Han superiority, the Hui are rejected based on their perceived threat to Han dominance.
The effect of temperature and exposure time on redroot pigweed (Amaranthus retroflexus) and yellow foxtail (Setaria pumila) seed mortality in the natural soil seedbank
Authors: Šoštarčić Valentina , Pišonić Mateja , Pismarović Laura , Šćepanović Maja 
Published: May 2024

AbstractHeat disinfection of soil can be used to reduce the content of the soil seedbank. However, species differ in the lethal temperature needed for seed destruction and mortality. Laboratory research was conducted on the seeds of two weed species, redroot pigweed (Amaranthus retroflexus L.) and yellow foxtail [Setaria pumila (Poir.) Roem. & Schult]. The soil samples were collected at the experimental station Šašinovečki Lug, Zagreb, Croatia (45.850289°N, 16.180465°E), and exposed to linearly increasing constant temperatures of 40, 50, 60, 80, 100, and 120 C and exposure times of 30, 60, and 90 min in a laboratory oven. Weed seeds were then extracted from the soil using the sieve separation method and survival was measured by germinating seeds on filter paper. Germination counts were converted into percentages of mortality compared with untreated seeds. The results show that both temperature and exposure time significantly affected seed mortality of both weed species. Amaranthus retroflexus shows a greater susceptibility to high temperatures than S. pumila. A fitted three-parameter sigmoid model was used to define the relationship between temperature and exposure time needed for 50% (LT50) and 90% (LT90) seed mortality. The estimated LT50 values for A. retroflexus are 58.89 to 46.08 C over the 30- to 90-min exposure times; the estimated LT90 values were 113.36 to 65.72 C for the same durations. The estimated LT50 values for S. pumila over the 30- to 90-min exposure times ranged from 91.33 to 75.15 C; the estimated LT90 ranged from 98.79 to 90.32 C over the same durations. The research results contribute to the knowledge about the thermal sensitivity of seeds. Estimating efficacy of soil-heating treatments is essential when comparing the environmental, economic, and social costs of alternatives to conventional weed control methods.
Unraveling the Non‐Homogeneous Dispersion Processes in Ocean and Coastal Circulations Using a Clustering Approach
Authors: Lagomarsino‐Oneto D. , De Leo A. , Stocchino A. , Cucco A. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractDispersion processes in environmental flows have been traditionally studied under the strong assumption of homogeneous, isotropic and stationary turbulence. To overcome this limitation, we propose a new approach that combines autocorrelation analysis of simulated Lagrangian trajectories together with unsupervised clustering. To test the approach, we consider several dynamic scenarios around a coastal gulf, subject to different forcing, in order to compare our method with other approaches. Lagrangian trajectories forced by the varying coastal circulation exhibited different behaviors, looping and non‐looping paths, and produced a variety of Lagrangian autocorrelation functions. Our approach proves to be able to reveal spatio‐temporal variations in ocean dispersion processes without any a priori knowledge of the character of the trajectories. Clusters based on the autocorrelation functions are associated to different inhomogeneous dispersion processes. Finally, we propose a new stochastic model capable of predicting the different forms of autocorrelations.
Fully automatic AI segmentation of oral surgery-related tissues based on cone beam computed tomography images
Authors: Liu Yu , Xie Rui , Wang Lifeng , Liu Hongpeng , Liu Chen , Zhao Yimin , Bai Shizhu , Liu Wenyong 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAccurate segmentation of oral surgery-related tissues from cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) images can significantly accelerate treatment planning and improve surgical accuracy. In this paper, we propose a fully automated tissue segmentation system for dental implant surgery. Specifically, we propose an image preprocessing method based on data distribution histograms, which can adaptively process CBCT images with different parameters. Based on this, we use the bone segmentation network to obtain the segmentation results of alveolar bone, teeth, and maxillary sinus. We use the tooth and mandibular regions as the ROI regions of tooth segmentation and mandibular nerve tube segmentation to achieve the corresponding tasks. The tooth segmentation results can obtain the order information of the dentition. The corresponding experimental results show that our method can achieve higher segmentation accuracy and efficiency compared to existing methods. Its average Dice scores on the tooth, alveolar bone, maxillary sinus, and mandibular canal segmentation tasks were 96.5%, 95.4%, 93.6%, and 94.8%, respectively. These results demonstrate that it can accelerate the development of digital dentistry.
Phenformin activates ER stress to promote autophagic cell death via NIBAN1 and DDIT4 in oral squamous cell carcinoma independent of AMPK
Authors: Zhuang Dexuan , Wang Shuangshuang , Deng Huiting , Shi Yuxin , Liu Chang , Leng Xue , Zhang Qun , Bai Fuxiang , Zheng Bin , Guo Jing , Wu Xunwei 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe efficient clinical treatment of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is still a challenge that demands the development of effective new drugs. Phenformin has been shown to produce more potent anti-tumor activities than metformin on different tumors, however, not much is known about the influence of phenformin on OSCC cells. We found that phenformin suppresses OSCC cell proliferation, and promotes OSCC cell autophagy and apoptosis to significantly inhibit OSCC cell growth both in vivo and in vitro. RNA-seq analysis revealed that autophagy pathways were the main targets of phenformin and identified two new targets DDIT4 (DNA damage inducible transcript 4) and NIBAN1 (niban apoptosis regulator 1). We found that phenformin significantly induces the expression of both DDIT4 and NIBAN1 to promote OSCC autophagy. Further, the enhanced expression of DDIT4 and NIBAN1 elicited by phenformin was not blocked by the knockdown of AMPK but was suppressed by the knockdown of transcription factor ATF4 (activation transcription factor 4), which was induced by phenformin treatment in OSCC cells. Mechanistically, these results revealed that phenformin triggers endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress to activate PERK (protein kinase R-like ER kinase), which phosphorylates the transitional initial factor eIF2, and the increased phosphorylation of eIF2 leads to the increased translation of ATF4. In summary, we discovered that phenformin induces its new targets DDIT4 and especially NIBAN1 to promote autophagic and apoptotic cell death to suppress OSCC cell growth. Our study supports the potential clinical utility of phenformin for OSCC treatment in the future.
Strong-field photoelectron holography in the subcycle limit
Authors: Khurelbaatar Tsendsuren , Heo Jaewuk , Yu ShaoGang , Lai XuanYang , Liu XiaoJun , Kim Dong Eon 
Published: May 2024

AbstractStrong-field photoelectron holography is promising for the study of electron dynamics and structure in atoms and molecules, with superior spatiotemporal resolution compared to conventional electron and X-ray diffractometry. However, the application of strong-field photoelectron holography has been hindered by inter-cycle interference from multicycle fields. Here, we address this challenge by employing a near-single-cycle field to suppress the inter-cycle interference. We observed and separated two distinct holographic patterns for the first time. Our measurements allow us not only to identify the Gouy phase effect on electron wavepackets and holographic patterns but also to correctly extract the internuclear separation of the target molecule from the holographic pattern. Our work leads to a leap jump from theory to application in the field of strong-field photoelectron holography-based ultrafast imaging of molecular structures.
A pathological joint–liver axis mediated by matrikine-activated CD4+ T cells
Authors: Yi Junzhi , Zhang Hui , Bao Fangyuan , Chen Zhichu , Zhong Yuliang , Ye Tianning , Chen Xuri , Qian Jingyi , Tian Mengya , Zhu Min , Peng Zhi , Pan Zongyou , Li Jianyou , Hu Zihao , Shen Weiliang , Xu Jiaqi , Zhang Xianzhu , Cai Youzhi , Wu Mengjie , Liu Hua , Zhou Jing , Ouyang Hongwei 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe knee joint has long been considered a closed system. The pathological effects of joint diseases on distant organs have not been investigated. Herein, our clinical data showed that post-traumatic joint damage, combined with joint bleeding (hemarthrosis), exhibits a worse liver function compared with healthy control. With mouse model, hemarthrosis induces both cartilage degeneration and remote liver damage. Next, we found that hemarthrosis induces the upregulation in ratio and differentiation towards Th17 cells of CD4+ T cells in peripheral blood and spleen. Deletion of CD4+ T cells reverses hemarthrosis-induced liver damage. Degeneration of cartilage matrix induced by hemarthrosis upregulates serological type II collagen (COL II), which activates CD4+ T cells. Systemic application of a COL II antibody blocks the activation. Furthermore, bulk RNAseq and single-cell qPCR analysis revealed that the cartilage Akt pathway is inhibited by blood treatment. Intra-articular application of Akt activator blocks the cartilage degeneration and thus protects against the liver impairment in mouse and pig models. Taken together, our study revealed a pathological joint–liver axis mediated by matrikine-activated CD4+ T cells, which refreshes the organ-crosstalk axis and provides a new treatment target for hemarthrosis-related disease.
Factors involved in the remission of oral lichen planus treated with topical corticosteroids
Authors: Wongpakorn Poosit , Chantarangsu Soranun , Prapinjumrune Chanwit 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAimTo determine the factors that affected the complete clinical remission of oral lichen planus (OLP) treated with topical corticosteroids.Material and methodsWe retrospectively evaluated the charts of patients diagnosed as OLP. Age, sex, current medical conditions, medications, type of OLP, Thongprasom score, pain level assessed by a numeric rating scale (NRS),Candidainfection, topical steroid treatment preparation, duration of treatment until the first complete clinical remission, and follow-up duration were assessed as variables.ResultsIn total 100 patients, after complete remission, 22 patients reported a relapse within 1.5–45 months, with a mean of 15.6 ± 13.2 months. Age, duration, gingiva and vestibule area, hypertension, dyslipidemia, Thongprasom score, preparation and topical corticosteroid potency were factors affecting the remission. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that the patients’ age and duration of treatment were significant factors after adjusted for age, sex, and independent factors with aP-value < 0.1 in the univariate analysis. The likelihood of having incomplete remission of the OLP lesion increased by 7.9% for every year increase in age and increased by 2.3% for every month of treatment.ConclusionsThere are many different factors between the complete remission and incomplete remission groups. However, age and duration of treatment were significant factors affecting the remission of OLP.
RAD18 O-GlcNAcylation promotes translesion DNA synthesis and homologous recombination repair
Authors: Ma Xiaolu , Fu Hui , Sun Chenyi , Wu Wei , Hou Wenya , Zhou Zibin , Zheng Hui , Gong Yifei , Wu Honglin , Qin Junying , Lou Huiqiang , Li Jing , Tang Tie-Shan , Guo Caixia 
Published: May 2024

AbstractRAD18, an important ubiquitin E3 ligase, plays a dual role in translesion DNA synthesis (TLS) and homologous recombination (HR) repair. However, whether and how the regulatory mechanism of O-linked N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) modification governing RAD18 and its function during these processes remains unknown. Here, we report that human RAD18, can undergo O-GlcNAcylation at Ser130/Ser164/Thr468, which is important for optimal RAD18 accumulation at DNA damage sites. Mechanistically, abrogation of RAD18 O-GlcNAcylation limits CDC7-dependent RAD18 Ser434 phosphorylation, which in turn significantly reduces damage-induced PCNA monoubiquitination, impairs Polη focus formation and enhances UV sensitivity. Moreover, the ubiquitin and RAD51C binding ability of RAD18 at DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) is O-GlcNAcylation-dependent. O-GlcNAcylated RAD18 promotes the binding of RAD51 to damaged DNA during HR and decreases CPT hypersensitivity. Our findings demonstrate a novel role of RAD18 O-GlcNAcylation in TLS and HR regulation, establishing a new rationale to improve chemotherapeutic treatment.
MeCP2 binds to methylated DNA independently of phase separation and heterochromatin organisation
Authors: Pantier Raphaël , Brown Megan , Han Sicheng , Paton Katie , Meek Stephen , Montavon Thomas , Shukeir Nicholas , McHugh Toni , Kelly David A. , Hochepied Tino , Libert Claude , Jenuwein Thomas , Burdon Tom , Bird Adrian 
Published: May 2024

AbstractCorrelative evidence has suggested that the methyl-CpG-binding protein MeCP2 contributes to the formation of heterochromatin condensates via liquid-liquid phase separation. This interpretation has been reinforced by the observation that heterochromatin, DNA methylation and MeCP2 co-localise within prominent foci in mouse cells. The findings presented here revise this view. MeCP2 localisation is independent of heterochromatin as MeCP2 foci persist even when heterochromatin organisation is disrupted. Additionally, MeCP2 foci fail to show hallmarks of phase separation in live cells. Importantly, we find that mouse cellular models are highly atypical as MeCP2 distribution is diffuse in most mammalian species, including humans. Notably, MeCP2 foci are absent in Mus spretus which is a mouse subspecies lacking methylated satellite DNA repeats. We conclude that MeCP2 has no intrinsic tendency to form condensates and its localisation is independent of heterochromatin. Instead, the distribution of MeCP2 in the nucleus is primarily determined by global DNA methylation patterns.
Distributed electrified heating for efficient hydrogen production
Authors: Yang Hanmin , Nuran Zaini Ilman , Pan Ruming , Jin Yanghao , Wang Yazhe , Li Lengwan , Caballero José Juan Bolívar , Shi Ziyi , Subasi Yaprak , Nurdiawati Anissa , Wang Shule , Shen Yazhou , Wang Tianxiang , Wang Yue , Sandström Linda , Jönsson Pär G. , Yang Weihong , Han Tong 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis study introduces a distributed electrified heating approach that is able to innovate chemical engineering involving endothermic reactions. It enables rapid and uniform heating of gaseous reactants, facilitating efficient conversion and high product selectivity at specific equilibrium. Demonstrated in catalyst-free CH4 pyrolysis, this approach achieves stable production of H2 (530 g h−1 L reactor−1) and carbon nanotube/fibers through 100% conversion of high-throughput CH4 at 1150 °C, surpassing the results obtained from many complex metal catalysts and high-temperature technologies. Additionally, in catalytic CH4 dry reforming, the distributed electrified heating using metallic monolith with unmodified Ni/MgO catalyst washcoat showcased excellent CH4 and CO2 conversion rates, and syngas production capacity. This innovative heating approach eliminates the need for elongated reactor tubes and external furnaces, promising an energy-concentrated and ultra-compact reactor design significantly smaller than traditional industrial systems, marking a significant advance towards more sustainable and efficient chemical engineering society.
Finely manipulating room temperature phosphorescence by dynamic lanthanide coordination toward multi-level information security
Authors: Li Longqiang , Zhou Jiayin , Han Junyi , Liu Depeng , Qi Min , Xu Juanfang , Yin Guangqiang , Chen Tao 
Published: May 2024

AbstractRoom temperature phosphorescence materials have garnered significant attention due to their unique optical properties and promising applications. However, it remains a great challenge to finely manipulate phosphorescent properties to achieve desirable phosphorescent performance on demand. Here, we show a feasible strategy to finely manipulate organic phosphorescent performance by introducing dynamic lanthanide coordination. The organic phosphors of terpyridine phenylboronic acids possessing excellent coordination ability are covalently embedded into a polyvinyl alcohol matrix, leading to ultralong organic room temperature phosphorescence with a lifetime of up to 0.629 s. Notably, such phosphorescent performance, including intensity and lifetime, can be well controlled by varying the lanthanide dopant. Relying on the excellent modulable performance of these lanthanide-manipulated phosphorescence films, multi-level information encryption including attacker-misleading and spatial-time-resolved applications is successfully demonstrated with greatly improved security level. This work opens an avenue for finely manipulating phosphorescent properties to meet versatile uses in optical applications.
A linear response framework for quantum simulation of bosonic and fermionic correlation functions
Authors: Kökcü Efekan , Labib Heba A. , Freericks J. K. , Kemper A. F. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractResponse functions are a fundamental aspect of physics; they represent the link between experimental observations and the underlying quantum many-body state. However, this link is often under-appreciated, as the Lehmann formalism for obtaining response functions in linear response has no direct link to experiment. Within the context of quantum computing, and via a linear response framework, we restore this link by making the experiment an inextricable part of the quantum simulation. This method can be frequency- and momentum-selective, avoids limitations on operators that can be directly measured, and can be more efficient than competing methods. As prototypical examples of response functions, we demonstrate that both bosonic and fermionic Green’s functions can be obtained, and apply these ideas to the study of a charge-density-wave material on the ibm_auckland superconducting quantum computer. The linear response method provides a robust framework for using quantum computers to study systems in physics and chemistry.
Native N-glycome profiling of single cells and ng-level blood isolates using label-free capillary electrophoresis-mass spectrometry
Authors: Marie Anne-Lise , Gao Yunfan , Ivanov Alexander R. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe development of reliable single-cell dispensers and substantial sensitivity improvement in mass spectrometry made proteomic profiling of individual cells achievable. Yet, there are no established methods for single-cell glycome analysis due to the inability to amplify glycans and sample losses associated with sample processing and glycan labeling. In this work, we present an integrated platform coupling online in-capillary sample processing with high-sensitivity label-free capillary electrophoresis-mass spectrometry for N-glycan profiling of single mammalian cells. Direct and unbiased quantitative characterization of single-cell surface N-glycomes are demonstrated for HeLa and U87 cells, with the detection of up to 100 N-glycans per single cell. Interestingly, N-glycome alterations are unequivocally detected at the single-cell level in HeLa and U87 cells stimulated with lipopolysaccharide. The developed workflow is also applied to the profiling of ng-level amounts (5–500 ng) of blood-derived protein, extracellular vesicle, and total plasma isolates, resulting in over 170, 220, and 370 quantitated N-glycans, respectively.
Plasma proteome profiling reveals dynamic of cholesterol marker after dual blocker therapy
Authors: Lyu Jiacheng , Bai Lin , Li Yumiao , Wang Xiaofang , Xu Zeya , Ji Tao , Yang Hua , Song Zizheng , Wang Zhiyu , Shang Yanhong , Ren Lili , Li Yan , Zang Aimin , Jia Youchao , Ding Chen 
Published: May 2024

AbstractDual blocker therapy (DBT) has the enhanced antitumor benefits than the monotherapy. Yet, few effective biomarkers are developed to monitor the therapy response. Herein, we investigate the DBT longitudinal plasma proteome profiling including 113 longitudinal samples from 22 patients who received anti-PD1 and anti-CTLA4 DBT therapy. The results show the immune response and cholesterol metabolism are upregulated after the first DBT cycle. Notably, the cholesterol metabolism is activated in the disease non-progressive group (DNP) during the therapy. Correspondingly, the clinical indicator prealbumin (PA), free triiodothyronine (FT3) and triiodothyronine (T3) show significantly positive association with the cholesterol metabolism. Furthermore, by integrating proteome and radiology approach, we observe the high-density lipoprotein partial remodeling are activated in DNP group and identify a candidate biomarker APOC3 that can reflect DBT response. Above, we establish a machine learning model to predict the DBT response and the model performance is validated by an independent cohort with balanced accuracy is 0.96. Thus, the plasma proteome profiling strategy evaluates the alteration of cholesterol metabolism and identifies a panel of biomarkers in DBT.