bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Beyond Access: Building the Resilience of South Sudanese Refugee Higher Education Students from the Bidi Bidi Settlement, Uganda
Authors: Sempebwa Christine Semambo 
Published: May 2024

United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR), set a global target of 15 percent enrolment of refugees, in higher education, by 2030. Relatedly, UNHCR stated that beyond access, higher education should build individual and collective resilience of refugee students. This paper looks at the support mechanisms various stakeholders use, to build the resilience of South Sudanese refugee higher education students, from Bidi Bidi settlement in Uganda. This is within the context of Uganda’s Education Response (ERP) for refugees and host communities. The study adopted a qualitative approach, an exploratory case study design, and an advocacy/ participatory philosophical lens, using the intersectional theory. Twenty-seven (27) purposively sampled participants took part in the study. They included 12 undergraduates from two private Ugandan universities, a total of 13 government and non-governmental organization (NGO) officials, and two officials from public and private universities, all involved in refugee higher education. Data was collected through a literature review, in-depth interviews with key informants and students, and a students’ focus group discussion. The study established that, within the context of Uganda’s ERP, South Sudanese refugee higher education students have their resilience built through support, mainly from HEIs and NGOs. The support uses multiple approaches and takes place mainly within the HEIs, with a bit in the settlement. However, it is offered within each stakeholder’s context and thus takes on a silo rather than integrated approach. Support also does not always consider the individual and complex student needs. Nevertheless, the support, which is relatively student-centred does register good social and academic resilience. The study therefore recommends that through a situational analysis and needs assessment, Uganda develops clear objectives, activities and outcomes in the ERP, to guide stakeholders, towards strengthening refugee higher education students’ resilience. The study also designed a model towards enhancing student resilience
Exploring Ethnomathematics to Gayasan Tobacco Warehouse at Jember, East Java, Indonesia
Authors: Akbar Ahmad Maulana , Marsidi Marsidi , Putra Eric Dwi 
Published: May 2024

Ethnomathematics which link culture with community activities, certainly has characteristics that support each other with mathematical concepts. Ethnomathematics is mathematics practiced by specific cultural groups in society. This study examines the mathematical concepts in the Gayasan tobacco warehouse building in Jenggawah District, Jember Regency. In the study, researchers used qualitative descriptive research with an ethnographic approach. Data collection techniques are observation, interviews, and documentation. Data analysis techniques are done through data reduction, presentation, analysis, and exposure. The results showed that in the Gayasan tobacco warehouse, Jenggawah District, Jember Regency, there are mathematical concepts that will be studied further in the future. The author focuses on applying geometric concepts such as building flat, building space, lines, angles, number patterns, congruence, and awakening in research. Each longkang is bordered with bamboos that function as poles, also known as "longkang sides," which have different distances and are arranged into a pattern of numbers. The conclusion is that the structure of tobacco warehouses contains mathematical concepts such as number patterns, angles, flat builds, space builds, lines, congruents, and awakening
Pengaruh Motivasi Belanja Hedonis Terhadap Pembelian Impulsif Di E-Commerce Shopee Pada Generasi Milenial
Authors: Abdurachman Aditia , Arifah Alfin Nur , Lestari Dheri Febiyani , Ridwan Rizky 
Published: May 2024

This study aims to understand the impact of Hedonic Shopping Motivation on impulsive buying behavior among Millennial users of Shopee e-commerce. A quantitative approach was utilized in this research, with a questionnaire as the data collection tool. The sample consisted of 172 respondents who are Shopee e-commerce users. The results indicated that Hedonic Shopping Motivation has a significant influence on impulsive buying behavior among Millennial Shopee users, with a t-significance value of 0.000 < 0.05. This demonstrates a significant relationship between Hedonic Shopping Motivation and impulsive buying behavior on Shopee among Millennials. The study also found a correlation of 0.540 between the independent and dependent variables, indicating a strong relationship between these variables. The coefficient of determination shows that 29.16% of the variation in impulsive buying behavior can be explained by the Hedonic Shopping Motivation variable, while the remaining portion is due to other factors not addressed in this study.

Keywords: Hedonic Shopping Motivation, Impulsive Buying
Analisis Sektor Ekonomi Potensial Pendorong Kemajuan Ekonomi Sumatera
Authors: Febriyani Ananda , Iskandar Dadang Ishak , Mervita Eda , Rumianti Susti 
Published: May 2024

Even though inter-island trade is important and Sumatra is Indonesia's second largest economy, Sumatra imports more from other islands in Indonesia than exports. This research will be carried out descriptively to determine the trade structure of the island of Sumatra with other islands in Indonesia and potential sector purchases in downstream. This study uses secondary data published by the Central Bureau of Statistics (BPS). The secondary data used is the input-output data table between Indonesian regions, domestic transactions based on producer prices according to 6 island groups and 17 business fields in 2016. The results of this study indicate that trade between Sumatra and other islands suffers a slight loss because there are more imports from other islands. compared to export output by Sumatra. The use of output from the island of Sumatra is almost balanced between final demand and intermediate demand. The majority of Sumatra's output circulates in the Sumatra region only. Sumatra trade interaction is dominant with the island of Java. From a sector perspective, the majority of Sumatra's exports come from the manufacturing sector as well as the sector with the largest output value. Even though it has the largest output value, this sector is the most powerful in driving progress in the upstream sector. As for downstream, the Electricity and Gas Procurement sector has the greatest potential in terms of impacting progress on the downstream sector.

Keywords : Economic Sector, IRIO, Inter-Island Trade.
Effects of Genre, Emotional Response, and Perception of Music on Simple Cognitive Tasks
Authors: Schoff Alyssa , Johnson Alec , Kane Lucas 
Published: May 2024

Investigating the impact of music on cognitive performance is incredibly complex, in part because of the potential for wide variation in the qualities of the music and the type and complexity of the cognitive task being performed. This study examined how variations in genre, familiarity, and enjoyment of background music affected the performance of 41 individuals on somatosensory simple and choice reaction tests. Although no significant trends were found in parameters of reaction time, reaction time variability, choice reaction time, and percent of correct choices on choice reaction time, trends in the data suggest that further investigation into the effects of familiarity, enjoyment, and other such emotional components of music processing on cognitive performance may be a valuable direction for more extensive testing.
APPLICATION OF MATHEMATICAL MODELS IN THE DIAGNOSIS OF DISEASES OF INTERNAL ORGANS
Authors: Myrzakerimova Alua , Kolesnikova Kateryna , Khlevna Iuliia , Nurmaganbetova Mugulsum 
Published: May 2024

The application of diagnostic expert systems in medical technology signifies a notable progression, as they provide a computerized framework for decision-support, assisting healthcare practitioners in the process of disease diagnosis. These systems facilitate the integration of patient data, encompassing symptoms and medical history, with a knowledge base in order to produce a comprehensive compilation of potential diagnoses. Through the utilization of knowledge-based methodologies, they enhance these potentialities in order to ascertain the most probable diagnosis. The present study examines expert systems, investigating their historical development, architectural structure, and the approaches utilized for knowledge representation. There is a significant emphasis placed on the advancement and implementation of these systems within the medical industry of Kazakhstan. This paper provides a comprehensive analysis of the benefits and drawbacks associated with diagnostic expert systems, emphasizing their potential to bring about significant advancements in medical fields. The study places significant emphasis on the necessity of developing and conducting thorough testing of these systems in order to improve the precision and effectiveness of medical diagnostics. The statement recognizes the importance of continuous research in order to enhance the design and implementation of these systems in various healthcare settings. This research makes a notable addition by examining optimization theory in the field of medical diagnosis. This study presents novel approaches for effectively addressing the intricacies and uncertainties associated with the diagnosis of complicated disorders. The work presents methodology for navigating the complex field of medical diagnostics by utilizing mathematical modeling and optimization approaches, specifically the gradient projection method. The utilization of diverse ways to tackle qualitative ambiguities in this approach signifies a significant progression inside the domain of diagnostic expert systems.
Probing the Relationship Between Early Star Formation and CO in the Dwarf Irregular Galaxy WLM with JWST
Authors: Archer Haylee N. , Hunter Deidre A. , Elmegreen Bruce G. , Rubio Monica , Cigan Phil , Windhorst Rogier A. , Cortés Juan R. , Jansen Rolf A. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Wolf–Lundmark–Melotte (WLM) is a Local Group dwarf irregular (dIrr) galaxy with a metallicity 13% of solar. At 1 Mpc, the relative isolation of WLM provides a unique opportunity to investigate the internal mechanisms of star formation at low metallicities. The earliest stages of star formation in larger spirals occur in embedded clusters within molecular clouds, but dIrrs lack the dust, heavy metals, and organized structure of spirals believed necessary to collapse the molecular clouds into stars. Despite actively forming stars, the early stages of star formation in dIrrs is not well understood. We examine the relationship between early star formation and molecular clouds at low metallicities. We utilize ALMA-detected CO cores, JWST near-infrared (NIR) images (F090W, F150W, F250M, and F430M), and GALEX far-ultraviolet (FUV) images of WLM to trace molecular clouds, early star formation, and longer star formation timescales respectively. We compare clumps of NIR-bright sources (referred to as objects) categorized into three types based on their proximity to FUV sources and CO cores. We find objects, independent of their location, have similar colors and magnitudes and no discernible difference in temperature. However, we find that objects near CO have higher masses than objects away from CO, independent of proximity to FUV. Additionally, objects near CO are coincident with Spitzer 8 μm sources at a higher frequency than objects elsewhere in WLM. This suggests objects near CO may be embedded star clusters at an earlier stage of star formation, but accurate age estimates for all objects are required for confirmation.
Spectroscopic Constraints on the Mid-infrared Attenuation Curve. I. Attenuation Model Using Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Emission
Authors: Lai 賴 Thomas S.-Y. 劭愉 , Smith J. D. T. , Peeters Els , Spoon Henrik W. W. , Baba 馬場 Shunsuke 俊介 , Imanishi 今西 Masatoshi 昌俊 , Nakagawa 中川 Takao 貴雄 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
We introduce a novel model to spectroscopically constrain the mid-infrared (MIR) extinction/attenuation curve from 3–17 μm, using polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) emission drawn from an AKARI–Spitzer extragalactic cross-archival data set. Currently proposed MIR extinction curves vary significantly in their slopes toward the near-infrared, and the variation in the strengths and shapes of the 9.7 μm and 18 μm silicate absorption features make MIR spectral modeling and interpretation challenging, particularly for heavily obscured galaxies. By adopting the basic premise that PAH bands have relatively consistent intrinsic ratios within dusty starbursting galaxies, we can, for the first time, empirically determine the overall shape of the MIR attenuation curve by measuring the differential attenuation at specific PAH wavelengths. Our attenuation model shows PAH emission in most (ultra)luminous infrared galaxies is unambiguously subjected to attenuation, and we find strong evidence that PAH bands undergo differential attenuation as obscuration increases. Compared to preexisting results, the MIR attenuation curve derived from the model favors relatively gray continuum absorption from 3–8 μm and silicate features with intermediate strength at 9.7 μm but with stronger than typical 18 μm opacity.
Charting the Galactic Acceleration Field. II. A Global Mass Model of the Milky Way from the STREAMFINDER Atlas of Stellar Streams Detected in Gaia DR3
Authors: Ibata Rodrigo , Malhan Khyati , Tenachi Wassim , Ardern-Arentsen Anke , Bellazzini Michele , Bianchini Paolo , Bonifacio Piercarlo , Caffau Elisabetta , Diakogiannis Foivos , Errani Raphael , Famaey Benoit , Ferrone Salvatore , Martin Nicolas F. , di Matteo Paola , Monari Giacomo , Renaud Florent , Starkenburg Else , Thomas Guillaume , Viswanathan Akshara , Yuan Zhen 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
We present an atlas and follow-up spectroscopic observations of 87 thin stream-like structures detected with the STREAMFINDER algorithm in Gaia DR3, of which 28 are new discoveries. Here, we focus on using these streams to refine mass models of the Galaxy. Fits with a double-power-law halo with the outer power-law slope set to −β

h
= −3 yield an inner power-law slope of

−

γ
h

=
-
(

0.97

−
0.21

+
0.17

)

, a scale radius of

r

0
,
h

=

14.7

−
1.0

+
4.7

kpc

, a halo density flattening q

m,h
= 0.75 ± 0.03, and a local dark matter density of ρ

h,⊙ = 0.0114 ± 0.0007 M
⊙ pc−3. Freeing β yields

β
=

2.53

−
0.16

+
0.42

, but this value is heavily influenced by our chosen virial mass limit. The stellar disks are found to have a combined mass of

4.20

−
0.53

+
0.44

×

10

10

M

⊙

, with the thick disk contributing 12.4% ± 0.7% to the local stellar surface density. The scale lengths of the thin and thick disks are

2.17

−
0.08

+
0.18

and

1.62

−
0.13

+
0.72

kpc

, respectively, while their scale heights are

0.347

−
0.010

+
0.007

and

0.86

−
0.02

+
0.03

kpc

, respectively. The virial mass of the favored model is

M

200

=

1.09

−
0.14

+
0.19

×

10

12

M

⊙

, while the mass inside of 50 kpc is M

R<50 = 0.46 ± 0.03 × 1012
M
⊙. We introduce the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) into the derived potential models, and fit the Orphan stream therein, finding a mass for the LMC that is consistent with recent estimates. Some salient highlights include the nearby trailing arm of ω Cen, and a nearby very metal-poor stream that was once a satellite of the Sagittarius dwarf galaxy. Finally, we unambiguously detect a hot component around the GD-1 stream, consistent with it having been tidally preprocessed within its own dark matter subhalo.
Preparation of Acetylenediol (HOCCOH) and Glyoxal (HCOCHO) in Interstellar Analog Ices of Carbon Monoxide and Water
Authors: Wang Jia , Turner Andrew M. , Marks Joshua H. , Zhang Chaojiang , Kleimeier N. Fabian , Bergantini Alexandre , Singh Santosh K. , Fortenberry Ryan C. , Kaiser Ralf I. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Enols—tautomers of ketones or aldehydes—are considered key intermediates in the formation of prebiotic sugars and sugar acids. Although laboratory simulation experiments suggest that enols should be ubiquitous in the interstellar medium, the underlying formation mechanisms of enols in interstellar environments are largely elusive. Here, we present the laboratory experiments on the formation of glyoxal (HCOCHO) along with its ynol tautomer acetylenediol (HOCCOH) in interstellar ice analogs composed of carbon monoxide (CO) and water (H2O) upon exposure to energetic electrons as a proxy for secondary electrons generated from Galactic cosmic rays. Utilizing tunable vacuum ultraviolet photoionization reflectron time-of-flight mass spectrometry, glyoxal and acetylenediol were detected in the gas phase during temperature-programmed desorption. Our results reveal the formation pathways of glyoxal via radical–radical recombination of two formyl (HĊO) radicals, and that of acetylenediol via keto-enol-ynol tautomerization. Due to the abundance of carbon monoxide and water in interstellar ices, glyoxal and acetylenediol are suitable candidates for future astronomical searches. Furthermore, the detection of acetylenediol in astrophysically relevant ices advances our understanding for the formation pathways of high-energy tautomers such as enols in deep space.
Tackling the Challenges in the 21 cm Global Spectrum Experiment: The Impact of Ionosphere and Beam Distortion
Authors: Wang Yue , Wang Xin , Sun Shijie , Wu Fengquan , Luo Shoudong , Chen Xuelei 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The H i 21 cm global signal from the Cosmic Dawn and the Epoch of Reionization (EoR) offers critical insights into the evolution of our Universe. Yet, its detection presents significant challenges, due to its extremely low signal-to-contamination ratio and complex instrumental systematics. In this paper, we examine the effects of the ionosphere and antenna beam on data analysis. The ionosphere, an ionized plasma layer in the Earth’s atmosphere, refracts, absorbs, and emits radio waves in the relevant frequency range. This interaction results in additional spectral distortion of the observed signal, complicating the process of foreground subtraction. Additionally, chromatic variations in the beam can also introduce further contamination into the global spectrum measurement. Notably, the ionospheric effect, being dependent on the direction of incoming light, interacts with the instrumental beam, adding another layer of complexity. To address this, we evaluate three different fitting templates of foreground: the logarithmic polynomial, the physically motivated Experiment to Detect the Global EoR Signature (EDGES) template, and a singular value decomposition (SVD)-based template. Our findings indicate that the EDGES and SVD templates generally surpass logarithmic polynomials in performance. Recognizing the significance of beam chromaticity, we further investigate specific beam distortion models and their impacts on the signal extraction process.
Measurement of Dependence of Microlensing Planet Frequency on the Host Star Mass and Galactocentric Distance by Using a Galactic Model
Authors: Nunota Kansuke , Koshimoto Naoki , Suzuki Daisuke , Sumi Takahiro , Bennett David P. , Bhattacharya Aparna , Hirao Yuki , Terry Sean K. , Vandorou Aikaterini 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
We measure the dependence of planet frequency on host star mass, M
L, and distance from the Galactic center, R
L, using a sample of planets discovered by gravitational microlensing. We compare the two-dimensional distribution of the lens-source proper motion, μ
rel, and the Einstein radius crossing time, t
E, measured for 22 planetary events from Suzuki et al. with the distribution expected from Galactic model. Assuming that the planet-hosting probability of a star is proportional to

M

L

m

R

L

r

, we calculate the likelihood distribution of (m,r). We estimate that

r
=

0.10

−
0.37

+
0.51

and

m
=

0.50

−
0.70

+
0.90

under the assumption that the planet-hosting probability is independent of the mass ratio. We also divide the planet sample into subsamples based on their mass ratio, q, and estimate that

m
=
−

0.08

−
0.65

+
0.95

for q < 10−3 and

1.25

−
1.14

+
1.07

for q > 10−3. Although uncertainties are still large, this result implies a possibility that, in orbits beyond the snowline, massive planets are more likely to exist around more massive stars whereas low-mass planets exist regardless of their host star mass.
Dynamics of Star Cluster Formation: Mergers in Gas-rich Environments
Authors: Karam Jeremy , Sills Alison 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
We perform high-resolution simulations of forming star clusters as they merge inside giant molecular clouds (GMCs) using hydrodynamics coupled to N-body dynamics to simultaneously model both the gas and stars. We zoom in to previously run GMC simulations and resolve clusters into their stellar and gas components while including the surrounding GMC environment. We find that GMC gas is important in facilitating the growth of clusters in their embedded phase by promoting cluster mergers. Mergers induce asymmetric expansion of the stellar component of the clusters in our simulations. As well, mergers induce angular momentum in the clusters’ stellar and gas components. We find that mergers can lead to an increase in the amount of dense gas present in clusters if a background gas distribution is present. We predict that this can lead to new star formation that can change the overall distribution of cluster stars in velocity space. Our results suggest that subcluster mergers in the presence of background gas can imprint dynamical signatures that can be used to constrain cluster formation histories.
Joint r-process Enrichment by Supernovae with a Metallicity Threshold and Neutron Star Mergers
Authors: Tsujimoto Takuji 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The enrichment history of r-process elements has been imprinted on the stellar abundances that change in accordance with increasing metallicity in galaxies. Close examination of the [Eu/Fe] feature caused by stars in nearby galaxies, including the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC), shows its perplexity. The decreasing trend of the [Eu/Fe] feature is followed by a nearly constant value; this trend is generally attributed to an onset of the delayed Fe release from Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia), which is the same interpretation of the [α/Fe] feature. However, this feature appears in the LMC at [Fe/H] of approximately −0.7, which is significantly higher than that for the [α/Fe] case (≈−2). This result potentially indicates the presence of an overlooked property of the r-process site that remains unseen in the study of the Milky Way. Here, we propose that this [Eu/Fe]-knee feature is created by a fade-out of core-collapse SNe producing r-process elements; these elements along with neutron star mergers (NSMs) promote the r-process enrichment under the condition for this specific SNe such that their occurrence is limited to a low-metallicity environment. This metallicity threshold for the occurrence rate of r-process SNe at a subsolar is nearly identical to that for long gamma-ray bursts whose origin may be connected to fast-rotating massive stars. Moreover, we reason that the contribution of Eu from NSMs is crucial to maintain a high [Eu/Fe] at an early stage in dwarf galaxies by a balance with Fe from SNe Ia; both enrichments via NSMs and SNe Ia proceed with similar delay time distributions.