bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Moving Trend Analysis Methodology for Hydro-meteorology Time Series Dynamic Assessment
Authors: Şen Zekâi 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIn the last 30 years, there are many publications in the literature due to global warming and climate change impacts exhibiting non-stationary behaviors in hydro-meteorology time series records especially in the forms of increasing or decreasing trends. The conventional trend analyzes cover the entire recording time with a single straight-line trend and slope. These methods do not provide information about up and down partial moving trends evolution at shorter durations along the entire record length. This paper proposes a dynamic methodology for identifying such evolutionary finite duration moving trend method (MTM) identifications and interpretations. The purpose of choosing MTM was to investigate the dynamic partial trend evolution over the recording period so that dry (decreasing trend) and wet (increasing trend) segments could be objectively identified and these trends could assist in water resources management in the study area. The moving trend analysis is like the classical moving average methodology with one important digression that instead of arithmetic averages and their horizontal line representations, a series of finite duration successive increasing and decreasing trends are identified over a given hydro-meteorology time series record. In general, partial moving trends of 10-year, 20-year, 30-year and 40-year occur above or below the overall trend and thus provide practical insight into the dynamic trend pattern with important implications. The moving trend methodology is applied to annual records of Danube River discharges, New Jersey state wise temperatures and precipitation time series from the City of Istanbul.
Lucky Idiots and Incompetent Villains: Luck and Responsibility in Meaningful Lives
Authors: Stevenson Chad Mason 
Published: May 2024

AbstractWhat is the relationship between meaning in life and luck? One popular view within the literature is that resultant luck vitiates meaning; that if the relevant state-of-affairs is primarily the result of luck, chance, or happenstance, rather than the person’s actions, then no meaning is conferred. Call this the anti-luck constraint. In this article it is argued that we should reject the anti-luck constraint. Two types of cases, often cited as examples in favour of the anti-luck constraint, are examined: the lucky idiot and the incompetent villain. Such lives, it is contended, can be meaningful even when the relevant states-of-affairs are primarily the product of resultant luck.
Fischer on the Time of Death’s Badness
Authors: Carlson Erik , Ekendahl Karl , Johansson Jens 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIn a recent article in this journal, John Martin Fischer defends the view that death harms its victim after she dies. More specifically, he develops a “truthmaking” account in order to solve what he calls the Problem of Predication for this view. In this reply, we argue that Fischer’s proposed solution to this problem is unsuccessful.
Teacher educators and environmental justice: conversations about education for environmental justice between science and geography teacher educators based in England and Brazil
Authors: Gandolfi Haira E. , Rushton Elizabeth A. C. , Silva Luciano Fernandes , da Silva Carvalho Maria Bernadete Sarti 
Published: May 2024

AbstractWhile environmental education has been present in the field of education for decades now, only recently our particular subject areas of science and geography have started to pay more critical attention to specific concerns surrounding the intersection of environmental issues and social justice (also known as environmental justice) within the context of formal secondary education, including in secondary teacher education programmes. Drawing on scholarship, policy landscapes and socio-environmental concerns from both the global South and the global North, and on a methodological approach based on transnational collective reflection and collaborative-dialogic writing, in this article we delve into our different cultural, geographical and disciplinary contexts, views and experiences as four teacher educators from Brazil and England who have been working at this intersection between environmental justice and Science and Geography teacher education programmes for secondary formal education. Here we will argue that environmental justice needs to have a central role in such teacher education programmes if we aim to support young people and their teachers in navigating the spatially diverse and unequal impacts of environmental emergencies in global North and South communities. We also consider future directions for research and collaboration across national and disciplinary boundaries within the landscape of environmental education for environmental justice, reflecting on the future of teacher education across the global North and the global South when facing more frequent and severe environmental emergencies.
Prävention psychischer Störungen bei Kindern, Jugendlichen und jungen Erwachsenen – eine Bedarfsabfrage zur Entwicklung von Schulungskonzepten für Fachkräfte
Authors: Weyers Simone , Fink Larissa , Thesing Hendrik , Kraus Ursula , Melville-Drewes Andrea , Reissner Volker 
Published: May 2024

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund und Ziel
Fachkräfte in verschiedenen Bereichen der Jugendhilfe (z. B. Kitas, Schulsozialarbeit, Beratungsstellen) müssen auf psychische Auffälligkeiten bei ihren jungen Klienten reagieren. Generische Schulungen werden bereichsspezifischen Herausforderungen jedoch oft nicht gerecht. Als Grundlage für ein zielgruppenspezifisches Schulungskonzept wurde daher herausgearbeitet, welchen Schulungsbedarf Fachkräfte in 8 verschiedenen Bereichen der Jugendhilfe haben.

Methoden
Es wurden 7 Fokusgruppen mit insgesamt n = 28 Fachkräften der einzelnen Bereiche durchgeführt (2 Bereiche zusammengelegt). Alle Diskussionen wurden aufgezeichnet, transkribiert und anonymisiert. Die Transkripte wurden in Anlehnung an die inhaltlich strukturierende qualitative Inhaltsanalyse nach Kuckartz deduktiv-induktiv ausgewertet.

Ergebnisse
In allen Bereichen der Jugendhilfe gibt es Schulungsbedarf zur psychischen Entwicklung von Kindern und Jugendlichen als auch zu psychischen Erkrankungen. In den meisten Bereichen gibt es Schulungsbedarf zu Eltern mit psychischen Erkrankungen, zur Medienkompetenz und zu psychosozialen Hilfesystemen. Einige Bereiche benennen den Umgang mit Krisensituationen und Gesprächstechniken. Bereichsspezifische Themen sind Sexualität und Aufklärung, pornographische Inhalte, Transgeschlechtlichkeit, Bundesteilhabegesetz und altersgerechte Angebotserstellung.

Diskussion und Schlussfolgerung
Obwohl etablierte Themen wie psychische Entwicklung und Erkrankungen bereits in der Ausbildung sozialpädagogischer Fachkräfte verankert sind, scheint eine große Unsicherheit zu bestehen. Vereinzelt sind auch neue Themen aufgekommen. In den verschiedenen Bereichen der Jugendhilfe sollte ein Themenmix Gegenstand eines Schulungskonzepts zur Prävention psychischer Störungen sein.
Die Zurückgelassenen. Subjektive Deutungsmuster von Statustrajektorien der Abwertung
Authors: Holubek-Schaum Stefan , Grimm Natalie , Sachweh Patrick 
Published: May 2024

ZusammenfassungVor dem Hintergrund aktueller Debatten über die Rolle des sozialen Status für politische Einstellungen untersucht der Beitrag in einer qualitativen Interviewstudie die Vielgestaltigkeit, Funktionen und Folgen des biographischen Deutungsmusters des „Zurückgelassenwerdens“. Im Zentrum steht die Frage, welche Bedeutung biographische Erfahrungsaufschichtungen und langfristige soziale Flugbahnen – sogenannte Statustrajektorien – für die aktuelle eigene Statusverortung und das Statuserleben haben. Auf der Basis von 90 biographisch-narrativen Interviews zeigt der Beitrag anhand von drei typischen Kernfällen, wie ökonomische und kulturelle Abwertungserfahrungen je nach Statusverlauf und Ressourcen subjektiv erlebt und gedeutet werden. Zudem wird beleuchtet, welche reflexive gesellschaftliche Selbstverortung die Befragten mit Blick auf die sie abwertenden Statusgruppen und die hegemoniale Kultur vornehmen. Dabei lassen sich ein post-, ein anti- und ein nicht-hegemoniales Deutungs- und Verarbeitungsmuster des Zurückgelassenwerdens unterscheiden, mit dem jeweils eher konservative, konfliktäre oder alternativ-distanzierte gesellschaftspolitische Orientierungen einhergehen. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass eine Kartierung gesellschaftlicher Statuskämpfe den biographischen Statusverläufen und ihrer subjektiven Deutung konzeptionell und empirisch mehr Aufmerksamkeit schenken sollte.
Radiographical magnification of the shoulder region
Authors: Kratochvíl Adam , Daniel Matej , Fulín Petr , Pokorný David 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
Calibration of shoulder radiographs is required for accurate preoperative planning. Current practice mostly uses an empirical fixed calibration factor of 5%, and limited information is available about how the magnification of the glenohumeral region differs among patients. This retrospective observational study analyzed the patient-specific magnification factor in total shoulder arthroplasty.

Methods
Radiographs of 94 patients with unilateral total shoulder arthroplasty (SMR Reverse Shoulder System, Lima Ltd., San Daniele del Friuli, Italy) were obtained from archives. The reverse humeral body diameter was used as internal reference. The measured radiographical magnifications were correlated with the patients’ sex, weight, and height.

Results
The average magnification factor of the glenohumeral region was 11.9% (standard deviation: 3.2%, range: 5.7–20.3%). No statistically significant difference in radiographic magnification was found between the male and the female patients. The magnification factor was higher in patients with higher weight (p < 0.05), but the explanatory power of the model was weak (R = 0.09).

Conclusions
The observed radiographic magnification was considerably higher than a commonly used fixed calibration factor of 5% and exhibited considerable variability among the patients. Therefore, standard radiographs might not be appropriate for accurate preoperative templating, and we recommend using either computer tomography data or calibrating radiographs through external calibration markers for each patient.
Time to ECG diagnosis delays inter-hospital transfer to revascularization in STEMI patients presenting to a regional emergency department: a five-year audit
Authors: Shpigelman Jonathan , Proshkina Anastasia , Roman Marin , Maleady Ken , Casserly Ivan , Blake Gavin , O’Boyle Patrick , Saiva Lavanya , Keelan Edward , O’Neill James , Daly Michael 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
Reducing the door-to-balloon time (D2BT) in ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients maximizes myocardial salvage and mitigates morbidity/mortality.

Aims
To assess the D2BT in STEMI patients requiring inter-hospital transfer for revascularization and identify any potential causes of delay.

Methods
Consecutive patients presenting to the Connolly Hospital Blanchardstown (CHB) emergency department (ED) who were transferred to the Mater Misericordiae University Hospital in Dublin for primary percutaneous coronary intervention from January 2018 to October 2022 were identified in a regional database and their D2BTs calculated. D2BTs were further sub-categorized into key intervals to identify any potential causes of delay.

Results
A total of 90 patients were included for analysis, with a median D2BT of 117.5 min (interquartile range [IQR]: 99.3–170.8 min) and 52.5% of patients achieving the ≤ 120 min target. Despite being the shortest interval considered, the time from arrival at the CHB ED to diagnostic electrocardiogram (ECG) was a substantial contributor to the overall delay to revascularization given its wide variability (median: 18.0 min; IQR: 9.0–46.8 min), with only 28.8% of patients achieving the ≤ 10 min target.

Conclusions
Nearly half of the patients studied failed to achieve the overall target D2BT for revascularization. The time from arrival at the CHB ED to diagnostic ECG was identified as a substantial contributor to this failure, with a median time almost twice that of the target and a quarter of all patients spending longer than 46.8 min. These findings highlight a need to improve the implementation of ECG triage and interpretation in the ED.
Illness Anxiety Disorder: A Review of the Current Research and Future Directions
Authors: Kikas Katarina , Werner-Seidler Aliza , Upton Emily , Newby Jill 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Purpose of Review
We review recent evidence on Illness Anxiety Disorder (IAD), including risk factors and precipitants, diagnostic classification, clinical characteristics of the disorder, and assessment and treatment in both children and adults.

Recent Findings
IAD places a substantial burden on both individuals and society. Despite its impact, understanding of the disorder is lacking and debates remain about whether IAD should be classified as an anxiety disorder and whether it is distinct from Somatic Symptom Disorder. Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) is an effective treatment for IAD and there are multiple validated measures of health anxiety available. However, research on health anxiety in children and youth is limited.

Summary
IAD is chronic, and debilitating, but when identified, it can be effectively treated with CBT. Research using DSM-5 IAD criteria is lacking, and more research is needed to better understand the disorder, particularly in children and youth.
Immunomodulating effects of the single bacterial strain therapy EDP1815 on innate and adaptive immune challenge responses — a randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial
Authors: Eveleens Maarse Boukje C. , Ronner Micha N. , Jansen Manon A. A. , Niemeyer-van der Kolk Tessa , in ’t Veld Aliede E. , Klaassen Erica S. , Ahmad Saira , Itano Andrea , McHale Duncan , Moerland Matthijs 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe gut microbiome can modulate systemic inflammation and is therefore target for immunomodulation. Immunomodulating effects of EDP1815, a bacterial commensal strain of Prevotella histicola, were studied in healthy participants. Effects on adaptive immunity were evaluated by a neo-antigen challenge with keyhole limpet haemocyanin (KLH), while effects on innate immunity were evaluated by topical toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7) agonist imiquimod. Capsules with two enteric coating levels (EC1, EC2) were compared. Thirty-six healthy participants were included and received a daily dose of 8 × 1010 cells EDP1815-EC1, EDP1815-EC2 or placebo (randomization 1:1:1) for 60 days. They received KLH vaccinations at days 8, 24 and 36, with intradermal skin challenge at day 57. KLH challenge outcomes were antibody levels, and skin blood flow and erythema after skin challenge, measured by imaging techniques. Imiquimod administration started at day 57, for 72 h. Outcomes consisted of imaging measurements similar to the KLH challenge, and the influx of inflammatory cells and cytokines in blister fluid. There was no effect of EDP1815 treatment on the KLH challenge, neither on the imaging outcomes of the imiquimod challenge. There was a consistently lower influx of inflammatory cells in the blister fluid of EDP1815-treated participants (neutrophils, p = 0.016; granulocytes, p = 0.024), more pronounced in EC1. There was a lower influx of interleukin [IL]-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, interferon [IFN]-γ and tumour necrosis factor in blister fluid of EDP1815-treated participants. EDP1815 had immunomodulatory effects on the innate immune response driven by imiquimod, but no effect on the KLH challenge was observed. Trial registration number: NCT05682222; date: 22 July 2022.
SEOM-GEM clinical guidelines for cutaneous melanoma (2023)
Authors: Márquez-Rodas Iván , Muñoz Couselo Eva , Rodríguez Moreno Juan F. , Arance Fernández Ana Mª , Berciano Guerrero Miguel Ángel , Campos Balea Begoña , de la Cruz Merino Luis , Espinosa Arranz Enrique , García Castaño Almudena , Berrocal Jaime Alfonso 
Published: May 2024

AbstractCutaneous melanoma incidence is rising. Early diagnosis and treatment administration are key for increasing the chances of survival. For patients with locoregional advanced melanoma that can be treated with complete resection, adjuvant—and more recently neoadjuvant—with targeted therapy—BRAF and MEK inhibitors—and immunotherapy—anti-PD-1-based therapies—offer opportunities to reduce the risk of relapse and distant metastases. For patients with advanced disease not amenable to radical treatment, these treatments offer an unprecedented increase in overall survival. A group of medical oncologists from the Spanish Society of Medical Oncology (SEOM) and Spanish Multidisciplinary Melanoma Group (GEM) has designed these guidelines, based on a thorough review of the best evidence available. The following guidelines try to cover all the aspects from the diagnosis—clinical, pathological, and molecular—staging, risk stratification, adjuvant therapy, advanced disease therapy, and survivor follow-up, including special situations, such as brain metastases, refractory disease, and treatment sequencing. We aim help clinicians in the decision-making process.
NeuralPMG: A Neural Polyphonic Music Generation System Based on Machine Learning Algorithms
Authors: Colafiglio Tommaso , Ardito Carmelo , Sorino Paolo , Lofù Domenico , Festa Fabrizio , Di Noia Tommaso , Di Sciascio Eugenio 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe realm of music composition, augmented by technological advancements such as computers and related equipment, has undergone significant evolution since the 1970s. In the field algorithmic composition, however, the incorporation of artificial intelligence (AI) in sound generation and combination has been limited. Existing approaches predominantly emphasize sound synthesis techniques, with no music composition systems currently employing Nicolas Slonimsky’s theoretical framework. This article introduceNeuralPMG, a computer-assisted polyphonic music generation framework based on a Leap Motion (LM) device, machine learning (ML) algorithms, and brain-computer interface (BCI). ML algorithms are employed to classify user’s mental states into two categories: focused and relaxed. Interaction with the LM device allows users to define a melodic pattern, which is elaborated in conjunction with the user’s mental state as detected by the BCI to generate polyphonic music.NeuralPMGwas evaluated through a user study that involved 19 students of Electronic Music Laboratory at a music conservatory, all of whom are active in the music composition field. The study encompassed a comprehensive analysis of participant interaction with NeuralPMG. The compositions they created during the study were also evaluated by two domain experts who addressed their aesthetics, innovativeness, elaboration level, practical applicability, and emotional impact. The findings indicate that NeuralPMG represents a promising tool, offering a simplified and expedited approach to music composition, and thus represents a valuable contribution to the field of algorithmic music composition.
Preliminary Purification and Partial Characterization of a Functional Bacteriocin of Lacticaseibacillus paracasei Zhang and Mining for its Gene Cluster
Authors: Huang Tian , Li Zhaojie , Qu Xinan , Yao Guoqiang , Kwok Lai-Yu , He Qiuwen , Zhang Heping 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBacteriocins produced by lactic acid bacteria (LAB) have good potential for use as food biopreservatives. Lacticaseibacillus paracasei Zhang (L. paracasei Zhang) is both a food use and a probiotic bacterium. This study aimed to purify and preliminary characterize the active antibacterial metabolite of L. paracasei Zhang. The cell-free supernatant of L. paracasei Zhang was collected and purified by ultrafiltration and gel filtration chromatography. The 1–3 kDa active fraction could inhibit the growth of Staphylococcus aureus but not Escherichia coli. Further antibacterial activity assays revealed its capacity to suppress various foodborne and human opportunistic pathogens (including Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Listeria monocytogenes, and Bacillus cereus), but not fungi. The antibacterial activity showed good tolerance to heat (40 to 100 °C), acid–base (pH 2–3 and pH 6–10), and digestions by a number of industrial and animal/human enzymes (such as trypsin, pepsin, α-amylase, and protease K, except papain); these desired properties make it a suitable biopreservative to be used in harsh and complex industrial production processes. The high papain sensitivity suggested a proteinaceous/peptide nature of the bioactivity. Moreover, our genomic data mining for bacteriocin through BAGEL4 revealed an area of interest encoding a complete set of putative genes required for bacteriocin production. In conclusion, our study showed that L. paracasei Zhang can produce extracellular functional antibacterial metabolite, likely a class II bacteriocin. Our preliminary extraction and characterization of the active metabolite demonstrated that it has good potential to be used as a biopreservative or an agent for suppressing gastrointestinal infections.
A new molecular method for fast differentiation of cockles Cerastoderma edule and Cerastoderma glaucum
Authors: González-Rosales Emma , Martínez Luisa , Valdiglesias Vanessa , Insua Ana 
Published: May 2024

AbstractCerastoderma edule and C. glaucum are two species of cockles that co-exist in European waters. They are morphologically similar but exhibit remarkable differences in biological, ecological, and genetic aspects, as well as in resistance to parasites (e.g., Martellia cochilia) and in disease incidence (e.g., disseminated neoplasia). Moreover, they differ in their economic significance; while C. edule represents a highly valuable marine resource, C. glaucum is only marginally fished. The aim of this work was to develop a simple and fast method that, for the first time, uses the sequence of a mitochondrial gene for the molecular differentiation of the two cockle species. A total of 304 partial sequences of the cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene, retrieved from the Nucleotide database, were used to design two sets of species-specific primers to generate PCR products of different sizes (322 bp in C. glaucum and 247 bp in C. edule). The discriminatory ability of the PCR assay was tested in cockles from the Spanish, French, and Italian coasts with successful differentiation in all cases. This novel molecular identification method requires minimal technical equipment and can be carried out in one working day. For its simplicity, it can be very useful for conservation and sustainable management of the two cockle species, facilitating the assessment of distribution, abundance and relative sensitivity to viruses, parasites and diseases.