bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Introduction to the Safe Patient Handling and Movement Series
Authors: Ogg Mary J. 
Published: February 2011

AbstractMusculoskeletal injuries can occur when the physical work demanded by a job exceeds a worker's ability to respond safely. In perioperative nursing, and nursing in general, patient handling and movement demands commonly lead to injury and are considered high‐risk activities. In 2005, the AORN Workplace Safety Task Force was charged with identifying high‐risk tasks performed in the perioperative area and developing evidence‐based solutions to help establish an ergonomically safe workplace. The work of the task force was incorporated into the “AORN guidance statement: Safe patient handling and movement in the perioperative setting,” which includes seven ergonomic tools to help determine best practices for safe movement and handling of patients, supplies, and equipment in the OR. Members of the AORN Perioperative Environment of Care Task Force have collaborated to author seven articles that help explain the rationale behind and use of these ergonomic tools. The articles will appear in the Journal beginning in this issue.
Acute and chronic hypermethioninemia alter Na+,K+‐ATPase activity in rat hippocampus: prevention by antioxidants
Authors: Stefanello Francieli M. , Ferreira Andréa G.K. , Pereira Talita C.B. , da Cunha Maira J. , Bonan Carla D. , Bogo Maurício R. , Wyse Angela T.S. 
Published: February 2011

AbstractIn the current study we initially investigated the influence of antioxidants (vitamins E plus C) on the effect mediated by acute and chronic administration of methionine (Met) on Na+,K+‐ATPase activity in rat hippocampus. We also verified whether the alterations on the enzyme after administration of Met and/or antioxidants were associated with changes in relative expression of Na+,K+‐ATPase catalytic subunits (isoforms α1, α2 and α3). For acute treatment, young rats received a single subcutaneous injection of Met or saline (control) and were sacrificed 12 h later. In another set of experiments, rats were pretreated for 1 week with daily intraperitoneal administration of vitamins E (40 mg/kg) and C (100 mg/kg) or saline. After that, rats received a single injection of Met or saline and were killed 12 h later. For chronic treatment, Met was administered to rats from the 6th to the 28th day of life; controls and treated rats were sacrificed 12 h after the last injection. In parallel to chronic treatment, rats received a daily intraperitoneal injection of vitamins E and C from the 6th to the 28th day of life and were killed 12 h after the last injection. Results showed that administration of antioxidants partially prevented the inhibition of enzyme activity caused by acute and chronic hypermethioninemia. Besides, we demonstrated that transcription of catalytic subunits of Na+,K+‐ATPase was not altered by chronic and acute exposure to Met and/or vitamins E plus C. These data strongly suggest the oxidative damage as one possible mechanism involved in the reduction of Na+,K+‐ATPase activity caused by hypermethioninemia and if confirmed in human beings, we might propose the use of antioxidants as an adjuvant therapy in hypermethioninemic patients.
Screening for circulating nucleic acids and caspase activity in the peripheral blood as potential diagnostic tools in lung cancer
Authors: Roth Carina , Kasimir-Bauer Sabine , Pantel Klaus , Schwarzenbach Heidi 
Published: February 2011

AbstractThe focus of the current investigational study was to examine whether circulating nucleic acids (i.e., DNA and microRNAs) have the potential to become suitable blood‐based markers for diagnosis and progression of lung cancer. The concentrations of cell‐free DNA and four circulating microRNAs (miR10b, miR34a, miR141 and miR155) as well as the caspase activity were measured in serum of 35 lung cancer patients (19 non‐small‐cell lung cancer, 8 small cell lung cancer patients and 8 patients with indefinite cancer type), 7 patients with benign lung tumors and 28 healthy individuals by PicoGreen, TaqMan MicroRNA, and Caspase‐Glo®3/7 assay, respectively. The data were correlated with the established risk factors for lung cancer progression. The concentrations of cell‐free DNA (p = 0.0001), serum microRNAs (p = 0.0001) and caspase activities (p = 0.0001) significantly discriminated cancer patients from healthy individuals. Serum DNA, caspase activities and RNA levels could not distinguish between patients with benign lung disease and cancer patients. However, the levels of miR10b (p = 0.002), miR141 (p = 0.0001) and miR155 (p = 0.007) were significantly higher in lung cancer patients than those in patients with benign disease. As determined by the Spearman–Rho test, high levels of cell‐free DNA significantly correlated with elevated circulating caspase activities (p = 0.0001). In lung cancer patients high serum miR10b values associated with lymph node metastasis (p < 0.03) and elevated levels of TPA (tissue polypeptide antigen, p = 0.01), whereas high serum miR141 values associated with elevated levels of uPA (urokinase plasminogen activator, p = 0.02).The findings of our pilot study suggest that the assays for circulating DNA, microRNAs and caspase activities in blood might become novel minimally invasive diagnostic tools for detection and risk assessment of lung cancer, provided that their clinical utility can be confirmed in larger prospective trials.
miRNA expression profiling of mycosis fungoides
Authors: van Kester Marloes S. , Ballabio Erica , Benner Marchina F. , Chen Xiao H. , Saunders Nigel J. , van der Fits Leslie , van Doorn Remco , Vermeer Maarten H. , Willemze Rein , Tensen Cornelis P. , Lawrie Charles H. 
Published: February 2011

AbstractMicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small RNA species that regulate gene expression post‐transcriptionally and are aberrantly expressed in many malignancies including lymphoma. However, the role of miRNAs in the pathogenesis of T‐cell lymphoid malignancies is poorly understood. Previously we examined the miRNA profile of Sézary syndrome (Sz), a leukemia of skin‐homing memory T cells. In this study we determined the complete miRNome of mycosis fungoides (MF), the most common type of cutaneous T cell lymphoma. The miRNA profile of skin biopsies from 19 patients with tumor stage MF and 12 patients with benign inflammatory dermatoses (eczema and lichen planus) were compared by microarray analysis. We identified 49 miRNAs that are differentially expressed in tumor stage MF compared to benign inflammatory dermatoses using ANOVA analysis (P < 0.05, Benjamini–Hochberg corrected). The majority of the differentially expressed miRNAs (30/49) were up‐regulated in tumor stage MF. The most significant differentially expressed were miR‐155 and miR‐92a (both up‐regulated in tumor stage MF), while miR‐93 showed the highest up‐regulation in tumor stage MF with a fold difference of 5.8. Differential expression of a selection of these miRNAs was validated by miRNA‐Q‐PCR on additional test groups (tumors and controls). None of the miRNAs up‐regulated in tumor stage MF was previously shown to be up‐regulated in Sz, and only 2 of the 19 miRNAs down‐regulated in tumor stage MF were also down‐regulated in Sz. Taken together this report is the first describing the miRNA signature of tumor stage MF.
LIGHT-REGULATED WD1 and PSEUDO-RESPONSE REGULATOR9 Form a Positive Feedback Regulatory Loop in the Arabidopsis Circadian Clock
Authors: Wang Ying , Wu Jing-Fen , Nakamichi Norihito , Sakakibara Hitoshi , Nam Hong-Gil , Wu Shu-Hsing 
Published: February 2011

Abstract
In Arabidopsis thaliana, central circadian clock genes constitute several feedback loops. These interlocking loops generate an ~24-h oscillation that enables plants to anticipate the daily diurnal environment. The identification of additional clock proteins can help dissect the complex nature of the circadian clock. Previously, LIGHT-REGULATED WD1 (LWD1) and LWD2 were identified as two clock proteins regulating circadian period length and photoperiodic flowering. Here, we systematically studied the function of LWD1/2 in the Arabidopsis circadian clock. Analysis of the lwd1 lwd2 double mutant revealed that LWD1/2 plays dual functions in the light input pathway and the regulation of the central oscillator. Promoter:luciferase fusion studies showed that activities of LWD1/2 promoters are rhythmic and depend on functional PSEUDO-RESPONSE REGULATOR9 (PRR9) and PRR7. LWD1/2 is also needed for the expression of PRR9, PRR7, and PRR5. LWD1 is preferentially localized within the nucleus and associates with promoters of PRR9, PRR5, and TOC1 in vivo. Our results support the existence of a positive feedback loop within the Arabidopsis circadian clock. Further mechanistic studies of this positive feedback loop and its regulatory effects on the other clock components will further elucidate the complex nature of the Arabidopsis circadian clock.
Hermeneutics applied to the quality of empirical databases
Authors: Boydens Isabelle , van Hooland Seth 
Published: February 2011

PurposeThis paper seeks to present a conceptual framework to analyze and improve the quality of empirical databases throughout time – with operational results which are measurable in terms of cost‐benefit.Design/methodology/approachBasing themselves on the general approach of hermeneutics and, more specifically, on Fernand Braudel's concept of “temporalités étagées” and Norbert Elias's “evolutive continuum”, the authors develop a temporal framework consisting of three stratified time levels in order to interpret shifts in the quality of databases. The soundness of the framework and its capability of delivering operational results are demonstrated by the development of a case study focusing on social security databases. A second case study in the context of digital cultural heritage is also developed to illustrate the general applicability of this interdisciplinary approach in the context of empirical information systems.FindingsContrary to the assertions of common theories that postulate a permanent bijective relationship between records in a database and the corresponding reality, this paper provides insights which demonstrate that a database evolves over time along with the interpretation of the values that it allows one to determine. These interdisciplinary insights, when applied practically to concrete case studies, give rise to original operational results in the ICT field of data quality.Practical implicationsThe framework helps both the managers and the users of empirical databases to understand the necessity to integrate unforeseen observations, neglected a priori by virtue of the closed world assumption, and to develop operational recommendations to enhance the quality of databases.Originality/valueThis paper is the first to show the potential of hermeneutics for the task of understanding the evolution of an empirical information system, and also the first to deliver operational outcomes.
Information sharing as a means to reach collective understanding
Authors: Pilerot Ola , Limberg Louise 
Published: February 2011

PurposeThis study aims to increase knowledge about the information‐sharing activities of design research scholars.Design/methodology/approachSemi‐structured in‐depth interviews were carried out with selected participants from a Nordic design research network. The interview transcripts and notes from workplace‐observations were approached from a discursive point of view and analyzed in accordance with Theodore Schatzki's practice theory.FindingsInformation‐sharing activities are intrinsically intertwined with other information practices such as information seeking and use. It is further established that information and communication technologies (ICTs) can be seen as important parts of the arrangements of human and non‐human entities that, together with practices, form the social site in which the scholars are active. There is a reciprocal relationship between ICTs, and other material arrangements, and the ways in which information is used and shared. ICTs function both as a source of meaning and as a preconfigurator of actions.Practical implicationsThe findings have implications for the development of information systems and services aimed at scholars working in collaborative interdisciplinary settings. Library and information science scholars can benefit from the elaborated concept of information sharing.Originality/valueDesign scholars' information sharing has not been studied before. By applying a practice‐theory lens this paper presents a particular perspective. Increased knowledge about the information‐sharing activities of an epistemologically and socio‐culturally amalgamated network of scholars is the main contribution of this paper.
What do the conceptions of geo/spatial information tell us about information literacy?
Authors: Nazari Maryam , Webber Sheila 
Published: February 2011

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to report findings from an investigation into the conceptions and characteristics of geo/spatial information (GI) to demonstrate how exploring academics and students' conceptions of GI facilitated illumination of information literacy (IL) in the Geographic Information Science/Systems (GIS) discipline.Design/methodology/approachAdopting an embedded exploratory case study, the data were gathered from semi‐structured interviews, an open‐ended questionnaire and students' reflection in an online distance learning (ODL) GIS programme. The data were analysed in light of the Grounded Theory approach. Drawing on the conceptions of GI which emerged from the study, this paper highlights several characteristics of GI and discusses their implications for IL. In particular, it compares the emergent IL competencies in the GIS discipline with those in the SCONUL model.FindingsGI was identified as geo/spatial, temporal, geo/spatially contextualised, and geo/spatially technology‐mediated. According to these conceptions, GI is a constructive concept; it has multiple components which need various operations and user inputs to become geo/spatially meaningful and usable. These characteristics uncovered new aspects of IL in the GIS discipline which influence the depth and breadth of the SCONUL model.Research limitations/implicationsUnlike exploratory studies of IL which focus on the IL and IL competencies to explore this phenomenon, the methodological approach taken in this study provides IL researchers with a new approach whose primary focus is on the concept of information as a key contextual element of IL. This helps one to gain a deeper insight into IL in disciplinary areas.Practical implicationsThe emergent aspects to the SCONUL model can be taken into consideration when designing and delivering IL programmes in the GIS discipline. Likewise, the emergent picture of IL in this study can be used by GIS educators to develop information‐literate GIS learners.Originality/valueThis study is original in terms of both its methodological approach and its outcomes. These can be of value to IL researchers, educators and practitioners.
Putting new wine into old bottles
Authors: Gärtner Christian 
Published: February 2011

PurposeThis paper seeks to provide a critical review of the theoretical conception and practical implications of the notion of mindfulness (introduced to organization theory by Karl Weick and colleagues). As this concept aims at clarifying the mechanisms of knowledge creation and knowledge re‐configuration, the notion of mindfulness is used and refined to contribute to explaining some of the micro‐foundations of dynamic capabilities. Thus, the paper aims to show how putting “new wine” (mindfulness) into “old bottles” (dynamic capabilities) can add to the clarification of the nature and development of dynamic capabilities.Design/methodology/approachThe paper explores and reviews the literature on mindfulness as well as dynamic capabilities and engages in conceptual development based on this literature. Based on this literature review, propositions are developed that regard mindfulness as a micro‐foundation of dynamic capabilities.FindingsIt is shown that the literature neglects opportunistic behaviour, issues of power, and self‐contradictory aspects of the principles for mindful organizing. It is argued that mindfulness should neither be understood as an attribute of an entity nor be simply contrasted with routine, but should rather be depicted as a medium and outcome of social practices which involves enacting power and drawing pre‐reflectively on a background that is built up by routines. Five propositions describe how such a refined understanding of mindfulness can contribute to explaining the micro‐foundations of dynamic capabilities such as “sensing opportunities and threats”, “seizing opportunities”, and “reconfiguring a company's assets”.Research limitations/implicationsWhile there are apparent parallels between the notion of mindfulness and the concept of dynamic capabilities, there are also some notable differences. The discussion of dynamic capability puts more emphasis on routines that introduce instability and ambiguity rather than coping with (externally posed) the unexpected. As a consequence, the propositions regarding the relation between mindfulness and dynamic capabilities should be further elaborated and validated or refuted empirically.Originality/valueFirst, the paper delineates the limits of (organizing for) mindfulness which has been applied quite uncritically by organization scholars. Second, it derives five propositions that highlight previously neglected mechanisms of how dynamic capabilities develop, therefore adding to one's understanding of the micro‐foundations of dynamic capabilities.
Transformational leadership and human capital benefits: the role of knowledge management
Authors: Birasnav M. , Rangnekar S. , Dalpati A. 
Published: February 2011

PurposeIn order to achieve sustained competitive advantage through developing human capital, organizations, apart from human resource management practices, concentrate on developing transformational leaders and implementing knowledge management (KM). To take part in their efforts, this paper intends to explore leadership and KM literatures to examine the interrelationship between transformational leadership, KM, and employee‐perceived human capital creation or benefits.Design/methodology/approachA systematic literature review is carried out of traditional and contemporary theoretical and empirical research studies to support the nexus of interrelationship between transformational leadership, KM, and human capital. This review is mainly integrated using a model and propositions that relate transformational leadership and KM with human capital benefits.FindingsTransformational leaders have potential to affect their employees' perceptions of human capital benefits. They also have the greatest potential to augment these benefits through involving them in the KM process, establishing organizational culture, and encouraging communication among employees.Research limitations/implicationsThis model suggests that human resource managers should provide training to managers with regard to developing transformational leadership behavior, since this behavior contributes to human capital creation by which an organization achieves competitive advantage. Furthermore, this study mainly focuses on leaders as transformational leaders, since these leaders are highly capable of stimulating their followers' creativity. Therefore, this study only considered the components described by Bass and Avolio.Originality/valueThis paper contributes to leadership literature by adding the notion of transformational leadership as an antecedent of human capital creation.
The impact of emotional intelligence on accuracy of self‐awareness and leadership performance
Authors: Bratton Virginia K. , Dodd Nancy G. , Brown F. William 
Published: February 2011

PurposeThis research paper aims to follow a line of research that examines the impact of elements of emotional intelligence (EI), particularly those related to self‐awareness, on self‐other agreement and performance.Design/methodology/approachThis is a quantitative study that employs the same methodology as Sosik and Megerian to analyze survey data gathered from a matched sample of 146 managers and 1,314 subordinates at a large international technology company based in North America.FindingsThe analysis revealed that the relationship between EI and leader performance is strongest for managers who underestimate their leader abilities. Underestimators earn higher follower ratings of leader performance than all other agreement categories (In agreement/good, In agreement/poor, and Overestimators). The analysis also suggests that there appears to be a negative relationship between EI and leader performance for managers who overestimate their leader abilities.Research limitations/implicationsImplications of the counterintuitive findings for underestimators as well as the imperative for further study utilizing alternative measures of EI are discussed.Originality/valuePrevious empirical work in this area used anad hocmeasure of EI. This study extends this work by utilizing a larger, business sample and employing a widely‐used and validated measure of EI, the Emotional Quotient Inventory. Results further illuminate the nature of the relationship between EI and self‐other agreement and provide a potential selection and development tool for the improvement of leadership performance.
The research and experimentation tax credit
Authors: Holtzman Yair 
Published: February 2011

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is fourfold: to provide an overview of the alternative simplified credit (ASC) and a basic understanding of how it works; to provide a brief history of the research and experimentation credit as a whole and its evolution; to emphasize the importance of this credit to companies in maintaining a commanding research and development presence in the USA; and lastly to discuss hot topics/issues relating to the taxpayer as they pertain to capturing the maximal value of qualifying research expenditures (QREs) and sustaining this credit upon IRS examination.Design/methodology/approachThe driver for this article came from interviews and discussions with CEOs, Vice Presidents, VPs of Tax and Director level engineers and scientists over the past two years who have demonstrated great interest in capturing the benefits from the credit but was unclear as to how to proceed.FindingsDirectors overseeing research and development commonly misclassify research and development expenses as something else. For example, specialized computer software that is used in research and development may be misclassified as general and administrative expenses. Other times, companies performing research and development do not realize that the work they perform qualifies for the research and experimentation tax credit. Consultants can potentially save a significant amount of tax dollars by carefully examining client records, interviewing client personnel to gain an understanding of a client's R&D spend to see if reclassification is possible and justifiable.Originality/valueThe author clearly describes the workings of the ASC and the status of the research and experimentation credit as a whole. The paper provides an overview of the subject, and is written so that the messages can be understood by senior management who do not necessarily possess highly tax technical knowledge. It also touches upon some interesting aspects of optimization as they relate to capturing and defending the research and experimentation credit. The author's ideas of integrating operations management and operations research tools and methodologies in optimizing the defensibility of the research and experimentation tax credit are novel and appear to be very promising.