bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Medullary Thyroid Cancer: Epidemiology and Characteristics According to Data From the Marne-Ardennes Register 1975-2018
Authors: Caillé Sarah , Debreuve-Theresette Adeline , Vitellius Géraldine , Deguelte Sophie , La Manna Luigi , Zalzali Mohamad 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Context
Medullary thyroid cancer (MTC) is a rare disease.

Objective
The main objective of our study was to analyze the incidence evolution of MTC with a follow-up of more than 40 years. Further, a descriptive and survival analysis was performed according to the Kaplan–Meier analysis.

Design, Setting, and Patients
This is a retrospective epidemiological study using data from the Marne-Ardennes registry from 1975 to 2018. Two hundred sixty patients with MTC were included.

Main Outcome Measures
The incidence was calculated in the territory of the register (Marne and Ardennes departments of France) and standardized on the demographic structure of France. Patient and tumor characteristics were described. An analysis in a subgroup comparing hereditary and sporadic forms was performed. An analysis of survival was performed.

Results
The standardized incidence shows an increasing trend over time. The incidence increased significantly from 0.41 to 0.57/100 000 person-years between 1986 and 1996 and 2008 and 2018. The MTC was hereditary in 21.2% of cases. The sex ratio (males:females) was 0.73. The average age at diagnosis was 53 years. Ninety-seven patients (37.3%) were N1, 26 (10%) were M1, and 56 (21.5%) developed metastases during the follow-up. Complete remission was obtained in 58.5% of patients. The disease was refractory for 18.1% of patients. The 5-year survival rate was 88.4%. Sporadic cases had a poorer prognosis than hereditary MTC.

Conclusion
Our study demonstrates a moderate increase in the incidence of MTC between 1975 and 2018. The prognosis remains worse for sporadic MTC than for hereditary MTC.
Aquatic Cognitive–Motor Exercise for Cognition, Balance, and Functional Mobility in Older Adults
Authors: Dunlap Emily , Alhalimi Taha , McLaurin Natalie , Foroughi Forouzan , Hsiao Hao-Yuan , Tanaka Hirofumi 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Cognitive declines and mobility challenges in older adults often hinder exercise, leading to a sedentary lifestyle. Addressing both cognitive and physical health is crucial for enhancing overall well-being in older adults. The purpose of this study was to assess the feasibility and effectiveness of aquatic cognitive–motor exercise on cognition, balance, and functional mobility in older adults.

Methods
This pilot randomized controlled study included 25 participants from two retirement communities who were randomly assigned to a control (n = 12, 81 ± 8 yr old) or aquatic exercise group (n = 13, 83 ± 7 yr old). The aquatic exercise group received 45 min of moderate-intensity cognitive–motor exercise three times per week for 8 wk. The control group received one fall prevention education class.

Results
The session attendance rate for the aquatic exercise program was 95%. Between-group comparisons showed that 8 wk of aquatic exercise improved various measures of cognition with a medium effect size, as assessed by the Stroop Color and Word Test (∆ 2.8, d = 0.51) and the Trail Making Test part B (∆ −19.2 s, d = −0.59). Gait speeds while walking forward (∆ 0.04 m·s−1, d = 0.43) and counting backward by serial 7s (∆ 0.05 m·s−1, d = 0.43) were improved with a small effect size in the aquatic exercise intervention. This change was recognized as a clinically meaningful improvement in older adults. The aquatic intervention group had a medium to large effect size improvement in speed with the Four Square Step Test (∆ −0.6 s, d = −0.42), Timed Up and Go test (∆ −1.1 s, d = −0.50), and Timed Up and Go cognitive test (∆ −1.0 s, d = −0.56), whereas only negligible to small changes were noted with single-leg balance measures.

Conclusions
The aquatic cognitive–motor exercise program is feasible and enhanced cognition and functional mobility in older adults.
Pain and daily interference among reproductive-age women with myofascial pelvic pain: Serial mediation roles of kinesiophobia, self-efficacy and pain catastrophizing
Authors: Si Mingyu , Chen Juan , Zhang Xue , Zhu Lan , Jiang Yu 
Published: May 2024

Background
Myofascial pelvic pain (MFPP), which is identified by tender points in the pelvic floor musculature, is a prevalent source of chronic pelvic pain in women. It may lead to physical and mental exhaustion, reproductive concerns, and coping difficulties in daily life and work than the disease itself. Pain-related cognitive processes can affect pain relief and quality of life. Kinesiophobia, self-efficacy and pain catastrophizing are frequently treated as mediators between pain and its related consequences. Greater kinesiophobia and pain catastrophizing have been shown to be associated with adverse functional outcomes, while higher self-efficacy has been related with improved quality of life. Regarding MFPP in females of childbearing age, it remains unclear whether the effects of kinesiophobia, self-efficacy and pain catastrophizing on daily interference are direct or indirect; the influence on each variable is, therefore, not entirely evident.

Aim
The present study aimed to evaluate the relationship between pain and daily interference in reproductive-age women with MFPP through kinesiophobia, self-efficacy and pain catastrophizing, as well as to identify areas for future investigation and intervention based on the data collected from this population.

Methods
This is a multi-center cross-sectional study. The study was conducted from November 15, 2022 to November 10, 2023, 202 reproductive-age women with MFPP were recruited from 14 hospitals in ten provinces of China. The demographic variables, Brief Pain Inventory, Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia, Pain Self-Efficacy Questionnaire, and Pain Catastrophizing Scale were used to measure the participants’ related information. The data was described and analyzed using Descriptive analyses, Pearson correlation analysis, and Serial mediation modeling.

Results
Pain not only had a direct positive impact (B = 0.575; SE   =   0.081; 95%CI: LL = 0.415, UL = 0.735) on daily interference, but also had an indirect impact on daily interference through the independent mediating role of pain catastrophizing (B = 0.088; SE  =  0.028; 95%CI: LL = 0.038, UL = 0.148), the chain mediating of kinesiophobia and catastrophizing (B = 0.057; SE  =   0.019; 95%CI: LL = 0.024, UL = 0.098), and the four-stage serial mediating of kinesiophobia, self-efficacy and catastrophizing (B = 0.013; SE   =  0.006; 95%CI: LL = 0.003, UL = 0.027). The proposed serial mediation model showed a good fit with the collected data.

Conclusion
The findings illustrate the significance of addressing pain catastrophizing and kinesiophobia (especially catastrophizing), and increasing self-efficacy in pain therapy, and suggest that functional recovery be integrated into pain therapy for reproductive-age women suffering from MFPP.
The prevention of adverse pregnancy outcomes by periodontal treatment during pregnancy (PROBE) intervention study—A controlled intervention study: Protocol paper
Authors: Winckler Karoline , Bukkehave Kathrine Hansen , Tarnow Lise , Iversen Peter Bindslev , Damgaard Christian , Ditlev Sisse Bolm , Kofoed-Enevoldsen Allan , Fischer Heidi Marianne , Dueholm Signe Camilla Hjuler , Lauenborg Jeannet , Trier Cæcilie , Heitmann Berit Lilienthal 
Published: May 2024

Introduction
Pregnancy increases the risk of periodontitis due to the increase in progesterone and estrogen. Moreover, periodontitis during pregnancy is associated with development of pregnancy and birth related complications. The aim of this study is to determine, whether periodontal treatment during pregnancy can reduce systemic inflammation and lower the risk of adverse pregnancy and birth related outcomes.

Methods and analysis
The PROBE study is a non-randomized controlled intervention study conducted among 600 pregnant women with periodontitis. The women will be recruited among all pregnant women at two Danish hospitals in Region Zealand during their nuchal translucency scan and will subsequently be screened for periodontitis. The intervention group includes 300 pregnant women, who will be offered state-of-the-art periodontal treatment during pregnancy. The control group includes additional 300 pregnant women, who will be offered periodontal treatment after giving birth. Outcome measures include periodontal measures, inflammatory, hormonal and glycaemic markers as well as the prevalence of preterm birth risk, low birth weight and risk markers of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and preeclampsia that will be collected from all screened women and further during pregnancy week 20 and pregnancy week 35 for women enrolled in the intervention.

Ethics and dissemination
The study’s findings will be published in peer reviewed journals and disseminated at national and international conferences and through social media. The PROBE study is designed to provide important new knowledge as to whether periodontal treatment during pregnancy can reduce the prevalence of complications related to pregnancy and birth.

Clinical trials registration
The study was registered on clinicaltrials.gov (NCT06110143).
Effect of chemotherapy on prognosis in patients with primary pancreatic signet ring cell carcinoma: A large real-world study based on machine learning
Authors: Huang Kun , Yuan Xinzhu , Zhao Pingwu , He Yunshen 
Published: May 2024

Background
Primary pancreatic signet ring cell carcinoma (PSRCC), an extremely rare histologic variant of pancreatic cancer, has a poor prognosis. This study aimed to investigate the prognostic value of chemotherapy in PSRCC.

Methods
Patients with PSRCC between 2000 and 2019 were identified using the Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) database. The main outcomes in this study were cancer-specific survival (CSS) and overall survival (OS). The baseline characteristics of patients were compared using Pearson’s Chi-square test. Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to generate the survival curves. Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO), univariate and multivariate Cox regression models, and Random Survival Forest model were used to analyze the prognostic variables for OS and CSS. The variance inflation factors (VIFs) were used to analyze whether there was an overfitting problem.

Results
A total of 588 patients were identified. Chemotherapy was an independent prognostic factor for OS and CSS, and significantly associated with OS (HR = 0.33, 95% CI = 0.27–0.40, P <0.001) and CSS (HR = 0.32, 95% CI = 0.26–0.39, P <0.001).

Conclusions
Chemotherapy showed beneficial effects on OS and CSS in patients with PSRCC and should be recommended in clinical practice.
The protocol for a cluster randomized controlled trial to evaluate couple-based violence prevention education and its ability to reduce intimate partner violence during pregnancy in Southwest Ethiopia
Authors: Agde Zeleke Dutamo , H. Magnus Jeanette , Assefa Nega , Wordofa Muluemebet Abera 
Published: May 2024

Background
A significant proportion of women in Ethiopia suffer from violence by their intimate partner during pregnancy, which has adverse maternal and newborn outcomes. Couple-focused interventions are effective in reducing and/or controlling violence between women and their intimate partners. However, interventions addressing intimate partners of the victims are not well studied, particularly in the Ethiopian setting. This study aims to assess the effect of couple-based violence prevention education on intimate partner violence during pregnancy.

Methods
We will use a cluster randomized controlled trial to evaluate the effectiveness of couple-based violence prevention education compared to routine care in reducing intimate partner violence during pregnancy. Sixteen kebeles will be randomly assigned to 8 interventions and 8 control groups. In the trial, 432 couples whose wife is pregnant will participate. Health extension workers (HEWs) will provide health education. Data will be collected at baseline and endline. All the collected data will be analyzed using Stata version 16.0 or SPSS version 25.0. We will use the McNemar test to assess the differences in outcomes of interest in both intervention and control groups before and after the intervention for categorical data. A paired t-test will be used to compare continuous outcome of interest in the intervention and the control groups after and before the intervention. The GEE (Generalized Estimating Equation), will be used to test the independent effect of the intervention on the outcome of the interest. Data analysis will be performed with an intention-to-treat analysis approach. During the analysis, the effect size, confidence interval, and p-value will be calculated. All tests will be two-sided, and statistical significance will be declared at p < 0.05.

Discussion
We expect that the study will generate findings that can illuminate violence prevention strategies and practices in Ethiopia.

Trial registration
It has been registered on ClinicalTrials.gov as NCT 05856214 on May 4, 2023.
Prevalence and correlates of mental disorders among Chinese overseas students during the COVID-19: A multi-regional cross-sectional analysis
Authors: Gao Yijia , Ma Yuanyan , Li Yaxin , Zhao Yuanji , Zeng Zhen , Yao Xiaozhi , Nie Yingjun 
Published: May 2024

Background
The global impact of the COVID-19 pandemic extends beyond physical health, significantly affecting mental health. Chinese overseas students are particularly susceptible to the adverse psychological effects of the pandemic. Understanding the prevalence and correlates of mental disorders in this population is essential for developing targeted interventions and support systems.

Methods
Employing a snowball sampling technique, this study recruited Chinese overseas students from diverse regions. The 50-item Self-evaluation Table was utilized to assess the presence of mental disorders. Descriptive statistics, including percentages, 95% confidence intervals, means, and standard deviations, characterized the survey population. The chi-square test identified disparities among categorical variables, while logistic regression explored risk factors for mental disorders among Chinese overseas students.

Results
Out of the total sample size of 10,864 Chinese overseas students, a staggering 7,090 (65.4%) met the diagnostic criteria for mental disorders. Furthermore, the degree of mental disorder varied significantly across different regions (p < 0.001), education levels (p < 0.05), the duration of anti-epidemic measures (p < 0.05), and age (p < 0.05), while no significant differences were observed in terms of gender (p > 0.05). Several risk factors contributing to the mental disorder burden among Chinese overseas students during the pandemic were identified, including the seriousness of the epidemic in their residential area, the apprehension of getting infected, anxieties regarding academic performance, the infection control policies implemented by the host government, preventive measures taken locally to counter the epidemic, and challenges encountered in returning to their home country.

Conclusion
Given the significant challenges in mental health faced by Chinese overseas students during the COVID-19 crisis, addressing their specific needs and implementing tailored measures is imperative. Future public health emergencies should consider the potential mental disorders and disease risks faced by Chinese overseas students. By providing comprehensive support and targeted interventions, policymakers, educational institutions, and healthcare providers can help mitigate the adverse psychological effects and promote the well-being of this vulnerable population.
UMA REVISÃO DE ESCOPO SOBRE O CUIDADO FARMACÊUTICO AO IDOSO NA ASSISTÊNCIA DOMICILIAR
Authors: Saldanha Tainá Freitas , Higa-taniguchi Keila Tomoko , Pinto Vanusa Barbosa , Rocha Priscilla Alves 
Published: May 2024

O envelhecimento populacional pode aumentar o desenvolvimento de Doenças Crônicas Não Transmissíveis (DCNT), e consequentemente, ocasionar polifarmácia. Nesse contexto, os serviços farmacêuticos de atendimento domiciliar oferecem diversos benefícios para o paciente, reduzindo os Problemas Relacionados a Medicamentos (PRM). Essa revisão tem o objetivo de mapear os achados sobre os serviços farmacêuticos providos ao paciente idoso, na assistência domiciliar (AD). Métodos: Foi conduzida uma revisão de escopo com a pergunta: “Quais os serviços providos por farmacêuticos para idosos na assistência domiciliar?”. A partir da combinação do acrônimo PCC, foi realizada a estratégia de busca para rastrear os estudos nas bases de: PubMed; BVS (Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde); Cochrane Library; Web of Science; Scopus e Google Scholar. Resultados/ Discussão: Foram achados n = 497 estudos, e onze estudos foram incluídos e considerados elegíveis para extração de dados, por uma pesquisadora e uma revisora. Os serviços clínicos ofertados por farmacêuticos na AD achados são a revisão da farmacoterapia, acompanhamento farmacoterapêutico, conciliação medicamentosa, educação em saúde e rastreamento em saúde. Os principais PRMs englobam não adesão medicamentosa, reações adversas a medicamentos e doses inadequadas. Além disso, as intervenções farmacêuticas mais relevantes nos serviços de atendimento domiciliar foram medidas para melhorar a adesão e compreensão da farmacoterapia, ajustes de doses e práticas de educação em saúde. Conclusão: O atendimento do farmacêutico na AD pode contribuir para melhoria na adesão a farmacoterapia, compreensão da terapia medicamentosa e no uso seguro dos medicamentos.
Transmitter diversity and OAM incorporated 40 Gbps free space optical system
Authors: Singh Somdeep , Singh Preeti , Kaur Pardeep 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The present research evaluates optical angular momentum’s (OAM) performance in challenging atmospheric conditions and emphasizes its significance in free space optical (FSO) communication systems. It has been demonstrated that implementing the transmitter diversity (TD) technique effectively suppresses inter-channel interference, improving system performance as a whole. The best option among the studied encodings is found to be the combination of non-return-to-zero (NRZ) and carrier suppressed RZ (CSRZ), which performs better in a variety of weather scenarios and covers a wide FSO range from 72 m to 1450 m. Proposed system offered distance enhancement of 81.25 % under clear sky, 16.66 % under light rain, 10.22 % under moderate rain, 3.4 % under heavy rain, 10 % under light haze, 4 % under moderate haze, 4.44 % under heavy haze, 12.5 % under light fog, 4 % under moderate fog, 7.8 % under heavy fog, 5.8 % under light dust, 7.6 % under medium dust and 12.5 % under heavy dust as compared to existing workIn particular, during bad weather, this research offers significant insights into the design and optimisation of high-speed FSO systems.
»Ein paar militärisch-knappe Zeilen an die Rekrutierungsbehörde«
Authors: Fischer Malte 
Published: May 2024

Zusammenfassung
Anhand zentraler bundeswehrpolitischer Debatten der mittleren 1960er bis frühen 1970er Jahre und der Zuschriften aus der Bevölkerung, die Helmut Schmidt zuerst als Verteidigungsexperten der SPD und dann als Verteidigungsminister der Bundesrepublik erreichten, spürt dieser Aufsatz den Erwartungen »gewöhnlicher« Bürger und Soldaten nach, die diese zu den Debatten um die Reform der Bundeswehr und zum Zustand der Streitkräfte äußerten. Der Aufsatz fragt, wie westdeutsche Bürgerinnen und Bürger den verschlungenen Prozess der Demokratisierung der Bundeswehr wahrnahmen und wie sie die Bundeswehr, die ein präsenter Teil des Alltags vieler Menschen war, mit ihren politischen Erwartungen an Sicherheits- und Verteidigungspolitik und an das Verhältnis von Bürgern und Staat in der liberalen Demokratie verbanden. Die Fallstudie versucht so, das Verfassen von Briefen an Politiker als politische Praxis in der westdeutschen Demokratiegeschichte zu verorten.
Zur neueren Militärgeschichte Chinas als Forschungsgebiet: Bestandsaufnahme und Perspektiven
Authors: Messingschlager Stefan 
Published: May 2024

Zusammenfassung
Die chinesische Geschichte ist von Gewalt und Kriegen geprägt; einschlägige Forschung zur Militärgeschichte Chinas gibt es allerdings erst seit wenigen Jahrzehnten. Ziel des Beitrags ist es, einen vertieften Einblick in die Entstehung und Entwicklung dieses Forschungsgebiets zu eröffnen. Der Autor zeigt unter anderem, wie sich die militärhistorische Forschung ab den 1990er Jahren zu einem eigenständigen Forschungsgebiet entwickelte – dass der internationale Fachdiskurs dabei allerdings bis heute dominant angloamerikanisch geprägt ist. Die Militärgeschichte Chinas hat sich aber nicht nur als wissenschaftliches Teilgebiet etabliert, militärhistorische Perspektiven sind heute integraler Bestandteil der Forschung zur chinesischen Geschichte. Mit Blick auf die künftige Forschung plädiert der Autor abschließend für einen dezidierten Fokus auf die Geschichte der Volksbefreiungsarmee seit 1949 und hier vor allem auf ihre Modernisierung seit den 1980er Jahren als Ergebnis von Austausch und Transfer.
Militär darf Gewalt?!
Authors: Reichherzer Frank 
Published: May 2024

Zusammenfassung
Der Essay beginnt mit der Frage nach der Legalität militärischer Gewaltanwendung und endet mit dem Blick auf das komplexe Management und die Dosierung militärischer Gewaltsamkeiten. Militär als ein Gewaltdispositiv zu begreifen, das unterschiedliche kollektive Gewaltsamkeiten bündelt, organsiert und zur Anwendung bringen kann, verweist auf die Notwendigkeit eines breiten, integrativen Gewaltverständnisses, das Abstand von scharfen, aber einschränkenden Definitionen nimmt.
Das Problem der historischen Zeit revisited – oder: wie sich Gewaltsoziologie und Militärgeschichte treffen können
Authors: Hoebel Thomas , Knöbl Wolfgang , Malthaner Stefan 
Published: May 2024

Zusammenfassung
In unserem Essay fragen wir danach, welche Einsichten die soziologische Gewaltforschung momentan für militärgeschichtliche Untersuchungen bereithält. Ausgehend davon, dass sich Angehörige beider Forschungsgebiete typischerweise aus entgegengesetzter Richtung auf das »Problem der historischen Zeit« (Simmel) zubewegen, sehen wir einen Punkt, den wir als Gesellschaftsgestaltung skizzieren möchten.
The Worldview-Open Society, the Worldview-Controlling State and Non-Profit Welfare Actors: Norway as a Case
Authors: Haugen Hans Morten 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Diaconal actors, constituting the main share of health and caring institutions within the non-profit sector in Norway, face challenges as well as opportunities. The article analyzes the political framework that diaconal actors do operate under. Opportunities include strong political acknowledgements of the societal role of non-profit actors, decisions on increasing the overall share of their service provision, tender competitions reserved for non-profit actors, and the Norwegian emphasis on a worldview-open society. The authorities do also emphasize diversity as positive. The article demonstrates different understandings of requirements for being termed non-profit. Not only the actor itself must specify in its articles of association that profits must be reinvested to promote social purposes; recently the government has emphasized that also the owner(s) of actors must an establish such a non-profit social purpose in their articles of association. Specific examples are given of how Norwegian authorities act as promoters of a worldview-open society and a worldview-controlling state.