bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Calcium carbonate microparticles used as a gene vector for delivering p53 gene into cancer cells
Authors: Kong Xiangdong , Xu Suju , Wang Xiumei , Cui Fuzhai , Yao Juming 
Published: April 2012

AbstractCalcium carbonate (CaCO3) microparticles were for the first time used for efficient delivery of p53 gene to transfect human cancer cells HeLa. CaCO3 microparticles (2–4 μm) absorbed pEGFP‐C1‐p53 (expressing GFP‐P53 fusion protein) to transfect HeLa cells. Flow cytometer (FCM) was used to evaluate the gene transfection efficiency in HeLa cells, which were stably transduced with a green fluorescent protein gene. In this study, CaCO3 delivering pEGFP‐C1‐p53 could transfect about 5% of the tumor cells in culture. However, the efficiency of tumor cell apoptosis was surprisingly up to 80%. Meanwhile, the results of MTT assay and crystal violet staining showed that the CaCO3 microparticles had low cytotoxicity. These findings showed that CaCO3 microparticles were perspective to be used as new vectors for gene therapy. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 100A: 2312–2318, 2012.
A comparative study on structure–property elucidation of P3/4HB and PEG‐based block polyurethanes
Authors: Li Guangyao , Liu Yunhui , Li Dandan , Zhang Linlin , Xu Kaitian 
Published: April 2012

AbstractA series of alternating block polyurethanes (abbreviated as PU3/4HB‐alt‐PEG) and random block polyurethanes (abbreviated as PU3/4HB‐ran‐PEG) based on biodegradable polyester poly(3‐hydroxybutyrate‐co‐4‐hydroxybutrate) (P3/4HB‐diol) and poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) with similar chemical compositions were synthesized using 1, 6‐hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI) as coupling agent. The chemical structure, molecular weight and distribution were characterized by FTIR, 1H NMR, and GPC. The thermal differences were investigated by DSC. The hydrophilicity was studied by static contact angle and the results revealed that PU3/4HB‐alt‐PEG is more hydrophilic with a higher surface energy than PU3/4HB‐ran‐PEG. With SEM observation, PU3/4HB‐alt‐PEG exhibited a regular characterized microstructure with flower‐type patterns on the surface, while PU3/4HB‐ran‐PEG displayed no regular pattern. A platelet adhesion study illustrated that PU3/4HB‐alt‐PEG possesses better hemocompatibility due to its more hydrophilic surface and evident surface microstructure. The cell culture assay demonstrated that fibroblasts and rat glial cells were more favorable for attachment on PU3/4HB‐alt‐PEG films. By comparison, alternating block polyurethanes provides a way to control the exact structure of the biomaterials and tailor better properties to biomedical requirements. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 100A: 2319–2329, 2012.
Anticoagulation techniques in apheresis: From heparin to citrate and beyond
Authors: Lee Grace , Arepally Gowthami M. 
Published: April 2012

AbstractAnticoagulation is essential for maintaining the fluidity of extravascular blood on the apheresis circuit. Although both citrate and heparin are used as an anticoagulant during apheresis, citrate is preferred for the majority of exchange procedures because of its safety and effectiveness. Complications of citrate are primarily due to physiologic effects of hypocalcemia. Symptoms of hypocalcemia and other citrate‐induced metabolic abnormalities affect neuromuscular and cardiac function and range in severity from mild dysesthesias (most common) to tetany, seizures, and cardiac arrhythmias. Oral or intravenous calcium supplementation is advised for decreased ionized calcium levels and/or symptomatic management of hypocalcemia. Heparin‐based anticoagulation is limited to certain apheresis procedures (membrane‐based plasma exchange, LDL apheresis, or photopheresis) or is used in combination with citrate to reduce citrate load. While effective, heparin anticoagulation is associated with an increased frequency of bleeding complications and heparin‐induced thrombocytopenia. J. Clin. Apheresis 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Plasma exchange and immunoadsorption effectively remove antiphospholipid antibodies in pregnant patients with antiphospholipid syndrome
Authors: Bontadi Agnese , Ruffatti Amelia , Marson Piero , Tison Tiziana , Tonello Marta , Hoxha Ariela , De Silvestro Giustina , Punzi Leonardo 
Published: April 2012

AbstractConventional therapy with aspirin and/or heparin is at times incapable of preventing complications in high risk pregnancies of patients with antiphospholipid syndrome (APS). In those cases, a so‐called second‐line treatment protocol is used in addition to conventional therapy strategies. This manuscript is a report on three APS pregnant patients who were successfully treated with plasma exchange (PE) (two cases) or with immunoadsorption (IA) (one case) as a second‐line treatment strategy. The efficacy of these procedures in removing anticardiolipin (aCL) and anti‐β2glycoprotein I (aβ2GPI) antibodies from blood was evaluated. Serum samples were collected before and after 87 apheretic treatment sessions. Serum IgG/M aCL and IgG/M aβ2GPI antibodies were determined using an “in‐house” enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay and showed that all three patients had medium/high IgG aCL and aβ2GPI titers. All three women had a successful pregnancy. A significant decrease in IgG aCL (P = 0.0001) and aβ2GPI (P = 0.0001) antibody titers was observed after PE and IA sessions. There was moreover a significant, steady fall in serum IgG aCL pretreatment levels during the course of all three pregnancies (P = 0.0001, P = 0.0001, P = 0.001). The fall in IgG aβ2GPI was significant in two of the patients (P = 0.0001, P = 0.0001) both with high antibody titers, but not in one with medium antibody titers, who was treated with PE (P = 0.17). J. Clin. Apheresis 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Adverse outcomes associated with gastroesophageal reflux disease are rare following an apparent life‐threatening event
Authors: Zimbric Gabrielle , Bonkowsky Joshua L. , Jackson W. Daniel , Maloney Christopher G. , Srivastava Rajendu 
Published: April 2012

AbstractOBJECTIVE:To evaluate for adverse outcomes associated with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) following an apparent life‐threatening event (ALTE) and potential risk factors of these outcomes.STUDY DESIGN:Retrospective cohort study of well‐appearing infants (<12 months) admitted for ALTE. Patients were followed for adverse outcomes associated with GERD (including aspiration pneumonia, failure‐to‐thrive, or anti‐reflux surgery), second ALTE, or death. Risk factors evaluated included: age, prematurity, gender, previous event, diagnosis of GERD, gastrointestinal (GI) testing positive for gastroesophageal reflux, length of stay (LOS), and neurologic impairment diagnosed in follow‐up.RESULTS:Four hundred sixty‐nine patients met inclusion criteria, mean age was 45 days, 110 (22%) were premature. Patients were followed for an average of 7.8 years; 3.8% of all patients had an adverse outcome associated with GERD. The only significant risk factors were a longer LOS, and development of neurological impairment. A diagnosis of GERD and positive reflux testing during the initial hospitalization were not associated with adverse outcomes associated with GERD.CONCLUSIONS:Adverse outcomes associated with GERD are rare following an ALTE. Patients who developed neurological impairment and a longer initial LOS were at higher risk for developing these outcomes. Positive testing for gastroesophageal reflux during hospitalization for ALTE did not predict adverse outcomes associated with GERD. Journal of Hospital Medicine 2012;. © 2012 Society of Hospital Medicine
The Janus face of paternalistic leaders: Authoritarianism, benevolence, subordinates' organization‐based self‐esteem, and performance
Authors: Chan Simon C. H. , Huang Xu , Snape Ed , Lam Catherine K. 
Published: April 2012

SummaryWe investigated how the two components of paternalistic leadership, namely authoritarianism and benevolence, jointly influenced work performance through their impacts on organization‐based self‐esteem (OBSE). Using a sample of 686 supervisor–subordinate dyads collected from a manufacturing firm in the People's Republic of China, we found that OBSE mediated the negative relationship between authoritarian leadership on one hand and subordinate task performance and organizational citizenship behavior toward the organization (OCBO) on the other. We also found that the negative effect of authoritarian leadership on subordinate OBSE, task performance, and OCBO was weaker when supervisors exhibited higher levels of leader benevolence. Also, OBSE mediated the joint effect of authoritarian leadership and benevolent leadership on subordinate task performance and OCBO. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Hyperthermia synergizes with tissue factor knockdown to suppress the growth and hepatic metastasis of colorectal cancer in orthotopic tumor model
Authors: Li Hui , Tian Mao‐Lin , Yu Ge , Liu Yu‐Cun , Wang Xin , Zhang Jing , Ji Shi‐Qi , Zhu Jing , Wan Yuan‐Lian , Tang Jian‐Qiang 
Published: April 2012

AbstractBackgroundTissue factor (TF) is a significant risk factor for tumor growth and hepatic metastasis in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). This study aimed to investigate whether hyperthermia has synergistic anti‐tumor effects with TF knockdown in suppressing CRC progression and metastasis in vitro and in vivo.MethodsHuman colorectal cancer LOVO cells were treated by hyperthermia at 44°C for 2 hr or/and TF siRNA. Then the cells were subjected to colony formation assay. Apoptosis was analyzed by flow cytometry, confocal microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. The cell migration and invasion abilities were analyzed by wound healing and matrigel assay. In addition, orthotopic nude mice model of CRC was established.ResultsHyperthermia synergized with TF knockdown to reduce colony formation ability, induce apoptosis, and suppress the migration and invasion of LOVO cells in vitro. Moreover, hyperthermia in combination with TF depletion inhibited the growth and hepatic metastasis of CRC in orthotopic nude mice model. Mechanistically, the synergistic effects were at least partly mediated by inducing JNK mediated apoptosis and suppressing matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) mediated invasion.ConclusionsHyperthermia in combination with TF‐targeted therapy could be a potential approach for CRC treatment. J. Surg. Oncol. 2012; 106:689–695. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Tourism in the Middle East: Conflicts, Crises and Economic Diversification, Some Critical Issues
Authors: Morakabati Yeganeh 
Published: April 2012

ABSTRACTThis paper briefly examines tourism activity over a 60‐year period in the UNWTO Middle East region together with Israel and Iran. The region has been subject to political turmoil over that period, and its tourist arrivals have not fully capitalized on the potential that the region holds. The region has a wealth of heritage, a climate conducive to tourism and a range of leisure resources that should provide a comparative and competitive advantage to its tourism industry. This paper examines the vulnerability of tourism in the region as countries try to diversify their economies away from energy dependence. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Dual‐Cure Thermoset Amide‐ and Acrylate‐Functionalized Latexes
Authors: Bas Serkan , Soucek Mark D. 
Published: April 2012

AbstractA dual‐cure latex is prepared by mixing an amide‐functionalized latex with a latex that has both acetoacetoxy and unsaturated acrylic functionalities. The amide‐functionalized latex provides a thermal cure with the acetoacetoxy groups of the other latex via Michael addition. The partially polymerized triacrylates in the acrylate‐functionalized latex provide active sites for photocuring. Thermoset latex films are prepared by blending amide‐ and acrylate‐functionalized latexes in varying amounts. The effect of the photosensitizer (camphorquinone) concentration on thermal and mechanical properties is studied. The highest tensile modulus and elongation is observed in a 50:50 wt% amide/acrylate‐functionalized latex blend. magnified image
Core/Shell PBA/PMMA‐PGMA Nanoparticles to Enhance the Impact Resistance of UV‐Cured Epoxy Systems
Authors: Naguib Mohamed , Grassini Sabrina , Sangermano Marco 
Published: April 2012

AbstractCrosslinked core/shell PBA/PMMA‐PGMA particles are prepared by emulsion polymerization and dispersed into a UV‐curable cycloaliphatic epoxy resin in the range of 5–15 wt%. The presence of the particles does not significantly affect the UV curing process: a slight decrease of final epoxy group conversion is attributed to an increase in the viscosity when CS‐GMA is added to the photocurable formulation and to an enhanced vitrification effect. The presence of the particles does not modify the Tg of the cured materials, while an enhancement of impact resistance is observed that does not depend on the particle content. FESEM micrographs for epoxy reinforced with core/shell particles indicate a plastic void growth of the epoxy polymer and shear yielding toughening mechanism.magnified image
Sensory relearning after surgical treatment for carpal tunnel syndrome: A pilot clinical trial
Authors: Jerosch‐Herold Christina , Shepstone Lee , Miller Leanne 
Published: April 2012

AbstractIntroduction: Surgical treatment for carpal tunnel syndrome does not always alleviate sensory deficits, especially in patients with severe disease. No proven treatment is currently available for these patients. Methods: We conducted a pilot randomized, controlled trial to evaluate the feasibility, patient acceptability, and efficacy of a sensory relearning (SR) program in patients who have ongoing sensory deficits after carpal tunnel decompression. Patients were randomized to receive either: (i) a 4‐week sensory relearning home program; or (ii) no further treatment. Outcomes were assessed at baseline and 4 and 8 weeks after randomization. Results: Thirty‐one patients were randomized. Efficacy analysis adjusted for baseline score and age showed a potentially clinically worthwhile benefit of SR. Conclusions: Data on screening, eligibility, and patient acceptability of the intervention confirm the feasibility of undertaking a definitive randomized, controlled trial. Muscle Nerve, 2012
Cure kinetics and thermal stability of micro and nanostructured thermosetting blends of epoxy resin and epoxidized styrene‐block‐butadiene‐block‐styrene triblock copolymer systems
Authors: George Sajeev Martin , Puglia Debora , Kenny Josè M. , Jyotishkumar P. , Thomas Sabu 
Published: April 2012

AbstractThe compatibility of styrene‐block‐butadiene‐block‐styrene (SBS) triblockcopolymer in epoxy resin is increased by the epoxidation of butadiene segment, using hydrogen peroxide in the presence of an in situ prepared catalyst in water/dichloroethane biphasic system. Highly epoxidized SBS (epoxy content SBS >26 mol%) give rise to nanostructured blends with epoxy resin. The cure kinetics of micro and nanostructured blends of epoxy resin [diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A; (DGEBA)]/amine curing agent [4,4′‐diaminodiphenylmethane (DDM)] with epoxidized styrene‐block‐butadiene‐block‐styrene (eSBS 47 mol%) triblock copolymer has been studied for the first time using differential scanning calorimetry under isothermal conditions to determine the reaction kinetic parameters such as kinetic constants and activation energy. The cure reaction rate is decreased with increasing the concentration of eSBS in the blends and also with the lowering of cure temperature. The compatibility of eSBS in epoxy resin is investigated in detailed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, optical and transmition electron microscopic analysis. The experimental data of the cure behavior for the systems, epoxy/DDM and epoxy/eSBS(47 mol%)/DDM show an autocatalytic behavior regardless of the presence of eSBS in agreement with Kamal's model. The thermal stability of cured resins is also evaluated using thermogravimetry in nitrogen atmosphere. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 2012. © 2012 Society of Plastics Engineers
Electrochemically Reduced Single‐Layer MoS2 Nanosheets: Characterization, Properties, and Sensing Applications
Authors: Wu Shixin , Zeng Zhiyuan , He Qiyuan , Wang Zhijuan , Wang Shi Jie , Du Yaping , Yin Zongyou , Sun Xuping , Chen Wei , Zhang Hua 
Published: April 2012

AbstractThe electrochemical study of single‐layer, 2D MoS2 nanosheets reveals a reduction peak in the cyclic voltammetry in NaCl aqueous solution. The electrochemically reduced MoS2 (rMoS2) shows good conductivity and fast electron transfer rate in the [Fe(CN)6]3‐/4− and [Ru(NH3)6]2+/3+ redox systems. The obtained rMoS2 can be used for glucose detection. In addition, it can selectively detect dopamine in the presence of ascorbic acid and uric acid. This novel material, rMoS2, is believed to be a good electrode material for electrochemical sensing applications.
Weathered antlers as a source of DNA
Authors: Lopez Roy G. , Beier Paul 
Published: April 2012

AbstractWe tested antlers of Coues white‐tailed (Odocoileus virginianus couesi) and mule deer (O. hemionus) in various stages of natural decomposition to determine the degree of weathering that cast antlers could endure and still yield usable DNA. Based on physical characteristics, we partitioned antlers into 7 weathering categories ranging from freshly cast (class 1) to having been exposed to weathering for ≥8 years (class 7). Most antlers that had weathered 1–7 years yielded amplifiable DNA, whereas antlers weathered for ≥8 years failed to yield replicable DNA. This study confirms that antlers exposed to weathering for 1–7 years can be a source of replicable DNA and, thus, contribute an additional, and previously overlooked, non‐invasive sample for analysis in molecular genetics studies. Published 2012. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.
Genetic Counseling for the Orthodox Jewish Couple Undergoing Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis
Authors: David B. E. , Weitzman G. A. , Hervé C. , Fellous M. 
Published: April 2012

AbstractOrthodox Jewish patients who seek genetic counseling are often placed in a difficult position of having to choose between their desire to follow Jewish religious instruction (halacha) and following the advice of the genetic counselor. In this article we will present the work of the Puah Institute based in Jerusalem that is dedicated to assisting and guiding such couples to navigate through the medical system and medical recommendations and create a harmony between modern genetic counseling and the Orthodox Jewish tradition. In light of the expanding use of preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) for a variety of medical and non‐medical conditions, this dilemma is even more poignant. There is an ethical debate regarding PGD and the correct parameters for its use. Here we present the Orthodox Jewish view of the use and abuse of PGD. We present three case studies that sought the assistance and guidance of the Puah Institute. Each of these cases raises ethical dilemmas for the genetic counselor and for the rabbinic counselor. We discuss; the status of the embryo, the status of a carrier of a genetic abnormality and whether PGD is an obligation or good practice. In addition we deal with whether PGD and the search for the desired traits can be defined as eugenics or not.
Low-frequency unsteadiness in shock wave–turbulent boundary layer interaction
Authors: Priebe Stephan , Martín M. Pino 
Published: April 2012

AbstractThe low-frequency unsteadiness is characterized in the direct numerical simulation of a shock wave–turbulent boundary layer interaction generated by a $2{4}^{\ensuremath{\circ} } $ compression ramp in Mach 2.9 flow. Consistent with experimental observations, the shock wave in the simulation undergoes a broadband streamwise oscillation at frequencies approximately two orders of magnitude lower than the characteristic frequency of the energetic turbulent scales in the incoming boundary layer. The statistical relation between the low-frequency shock motion and the upstream and downstream flow is investigated. The shock motion is found to be related to a breathing of the separation bubble and an associated flapping of the separated shear layer. A much weaker statistical relation is found with the incoming boundary layer. In order to further characterize the low-frequency mode in the downstream separated flow, the temporal evolution of the low-pass filtered flow field is investigated. The nature of the velocity and vorticity profiles in the initial part of the interaction is found to change considerably depending on the phase of the low-frequency motion. It is conjectured that these changes are due to an inherent instability in the downstream separated flow, and that this instability is the physical origin of the low-frequency unsteadiness. The low-frequency mode observed here is, in certain aspects, reminiscent of an unstable global mode obtained by linear stability analysis of the mean flow in a reflected shock interaction (Touber & Sandham, Theor. Comput. Fluid Dyn., vol. 23, 2009, pp. 79–107).
Collapse and pinch-off of a non-axisymmetric impact-created air cavity in water
Authors: Enriquez Oscar R. , Peters Ivo R. , Gekle Stephan , Schmidt Laura E. , Lohse Detlef , van der Meer Devaraj 
Published: April 2012

AbstractThe axisymmetric collapse of a cylindrical air cavity in water follows a universal power law with logarithmic corrections. Nonetheless, it has been suggested that the introduction of a small azimuthal disturbance induces a long-term memory effect, reflecting in oscillations which are no longer universal but remember the initial condition. In this work, we create non-axisymmetric air cavities by driving a metal disc through an initially quiescent water surface and observe their subsequent gravity-induced collapse. The cavities are characterized by azimuthal harmonic disturbances with a single mode number $m$ and amplitude ${a}_{m} $. For small initial distortion amplitude (1 or 2 % of the mean disc radius), the cavity walls oscillate linearly during collapse, with nearly constant amplitude and increasing frequency. As the amplitude is increased, higher harmonics are triggered in the oscillations and we observe more complex pinch-off modes. For small-amplitude disturbances we compare our experimental results with the model for the amplitude of the oscillations by Schmidt et al. (Nature Phys., vol. 5, 2009, pp. 343–346) and the model for the collapse of an axisymmetric impact-created cavity previously proposed by Bergmann et al. (J. Fluid Mech., vol. 633, 2009b, pp. 381–409). By combining these two models we can reconstruct the three-dimensional shape of the cavity at any time before pinch-off.
EVALUATION OF DIFFERENT COMPONENTS UNDER INTEGRATED FARMING SYSTEM (IFS) FOR SMALL AND MARGINAL FARMERS UNDER SEMI-HUMID CLIMATIC ENVIRONMENT – ERRATUM
Authors: KUMAR SANJEEV , SUBASH N. , SHIVANI S. , SINGH S. S. , DEY A. 
Published: April 2012

In the published article Kumar et al. (2012) one of the authors’ names was incorrect and should have read ‘Shivani’ with no first name initial. This error also occurred in the reference list.The press apologises to Dr Shivani, her co-authors and the readers for this error.