bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MicroRNA-492 Is Processed From the Keratin 19 Gene and Up-Regulated in Metastatic Hepatoblastoma σ
Authors: von Frowein Julia , Pagel Philipp , Kappler Roland , von Schweinitz Dietrich , Roscher Adelbert , Schmid Irene 
Published: December 2010

Abstract

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are well-known regulators of proliferation, apoptosis, and differentiation and are recognized to play an important role in the development of cancers. Here we aimed to identify the functional contribution of miRNAs to the biology of hepatoblastoma (HB), the most common malignant liver tumor in childhood. As overexpression of the oncogene PLAG1 (pleomorphic adenoma gene 1) is a characteristic phenomenon in HB, we used RNA interference and subsequent miRNA array analysis to identify miR-492 as most strongly influenced by PLAG1. We provide novel experimental evidence that miR-492 can originate from the coding sequence of the HB marker gene keratin 19 (KRT19). In agreement with these

in vitro

observations, significantly elevated levels of coexpressed KRT19 and miR-492 were particularly found in metastatic HB tumor samples. Stable overexpression of miR-492 in HB cell clones served to identify a broad range of differentially expressed transcripts, including several candidate targets of miR-492 predicted by computational algorithms. Among those the liver enzyme BAAT showed significant association with miR-492 expression in HB tumor samples.

Conclusion:

A close functional relationship between KRT19 and miR-492 was identified that may play an important role in the progression of malignant embryonal liver tumors. Additionally, miR-492 and its associated targets might serve as new HB biomarkers of clinical utility and could assist to explore targeted therapies, especially in metastatic HB with a poor prognosis. (Hepatology 2011)
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) Activity Score and the Histopathologic Diagnosis in NAFLD: Distinct Clinicopathologic Meanings §Δ
Authors: Brunt Elizabeth M. , Kleiner David E. , Wilson Laura A. , Belt Patricia , Neuschwander-Tetri Brent A. 
Published: December 2010

Abstract

The diagnosis of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is defined by the presence and pattern of specific histological abnormalities on liver biopsy. A separate system of scoring the features of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) called the NAFLD Activity Score (NAS) was developed as a tool to measure changes in NAFLD during therapeutic trials. However, some studies have used threshold values of the NAS, specifically NAS ≥5, as a surrogate for the histologic diagnosis of NASH. To evaluate whether this unintended use of the NAS is valid, biopsy and clinical data from the 976 adults in NASH Clinical Research Network (CRN) studies were reviewed. Biopsies were evaluated centrally by the NASH CRN Pathology Committee. Definite steatohepatitis (SH) was diagnosed in 58.1%, borderline SH in 19.5% and “not SH” in 22%. The NAS was ≥5 in 50% and ≤4 in 49%; in this cohort only 75% of biopsies with definite SH had an NAS ≥5, whereas 28% of borderline SH and 7% of “not SH” biopsies had NAS ≥5. Of biopsies with an NAS ≥5, 86% had SH and 3% “not SH”. NAS ≤4 did not indicate benign histology; 29% had SH and only 42% had “not SH.” Higher values of the NAS were associated with higher levels of alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase, whereas the diagnosis of SH was associated with features of the metabolic syndrome.

Conclusion:

The diagnosis of definite SH or the absence of SH based on evaluation of patterns as well as individual lesions on liver biopsies does not always correlate with threshold values of the semiquantitative NAS. Clinical trials and observational studies should take these different performance characteristics into account. (Hepatology 2011)
Microwave‐Assisted Three‐Component Synthesis of Some Novel 1‐Alkyl‐1H‐indole‐2,3‐dione 3‐(O‐Alkyl­oxime) Derivatives as Potential Chemotherapeutic Agents
Authors: Soltani Rad Mohammad Navid , Khalafi‐Nezhad Ali , Babamohammadi Somayeh , Behrouz Somayeh 
Published: December 2010

AbstractA convenient and efficient method for a one‐pot conversion of N‐alkylisatins to N‐alkylisatin O‐alkyloximes 7a–7n as potential chemotherapeutic agents is described (Scheme) (isatin=1H‐indole‐2,3‐dione). In this method, the microwave‐assisted three‐component reaction of N‐alkylisatins 8, hydroxylamine hydrochloride, and diverse alkyl halides in the presence of K2CO3 and Bu4NBr furnishes the corresponding N‐alkylisatin O‐alkyloximes under solvent‐free condition in short times (2–10 min) and good to excellent yields (62–83%). The O‐alkylation of in situ generated isatin oximes with alkyl halides was achieved regioselectively, and (Z)‐O‐alkyloximes were produced dominantly. PM3 Semi‐empirical quantum‐mechanic calculations were performed to rationalize the evidences, and the calculations indicated a lower heat of formation for the (Z)‐O‐alkyloximes.
‘DUAL’ GRAVITY: USING SPATIAL ECONOMETRICS TO CONTROL FOR MULTILATERAL RESISTANCE
Authors: Behrens Kristian , Ertur Cem , Koch Wilfried 
Published: December 2010

SUMMARYWe derive a quantity‐based structural gravity equation system in which both trade flows and error terms are cross‐sectionally correlated. This system can be estimated using techniques borrowed from the spatial econometrics literature. To illustrate our methodology, we apply it to a well‐known Canada–US trade dataset. We find that border effects between the USA and Canada are smaller than suggested by previous studies: about 7.5 for Canadian provinces and about 1.3 for US states. Hence controlling directly for cross‐sectional interdependence among both trade flows and error terms reduces measured border effects by capturing ‘multilateral resistance’. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Sonographic appearance of a giant cell tumor of the humerus
Authors: Chang Ke‐Vin , Chen Yen‐Jung , Wang Tyng‐Guey 
Published: December 2010

AbstractThe sonographic presentation of intramedullary bone tumors is rarely reported. A patient with right shoulder pain for 7 months was clinically diagnosed with shoulder impingement syndrome. Sonographic examination revealed a segment of thinning cortex with a large, heteroechoic tumor deep in the greater tuberosity of the humerus. Increased peripheral vascularity of the tumor was observed in the power Doppler mode. The definite diagnosis was a giant cell tumor, whose sonographic findings are discussed. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound, 2011
Unplanned transfers to a medical intensive care unit: Causes and relationship to preventable errors in care
Authors: Bapoje Srinivas R. , Gaudiani Jennifer L. , Narayanan Vignesh , Albert Richard K. 
Published: December 2010

AbstractBACKGROUND:Unplanned intensive care unit (ICU) transfers may result from errors in care but the frequency of their occurrence, and whether these transfers might be prevented, has not been investigated.OBJECTIVE:To determine why unplanned transfers occur, what fraction results from errors in care, whether they are preceded by changes in clinical status and if so, whether earlier or different responses might prevent the transfers.DESIGN:Retrospective study.SETTING:University‐affiliated hospital.PATIENTS:All patients 18 to 89 years with unplanned transfers to the medical ICU from June 1, 2005 to May 30, 2006.INTERVENTION:None.MEASUREMENTS:Demographics, admission and transfer diagnoses, clinical triggers preceding the transfer, mortality, judgment by three reviewers about cause of transfer and whether it could have been prevented.RESULTS:A total of 152 patients had unplanned transfers. The most common reasons were worsening of the problem for which the patient was admitted (48%) and development of a new problem (39%). Errors in care accounted for 29 transfers (19%), 15 of which were due to incorrect triage at the time of admission, and 14 due to iatrogenic errors. Of the 14 iatrogenic errors, the investigators determined that eight transfers might have been prevented by an earlier intervention. Agreement among the three reviewers was moderate to almost perfect (κ 0.55‐0.90).CONCLUSIONS:Although 19% of unplanned transfers to medical ICUs are associated with errors in care, almost 80% of these seem to be preventable. Most of the preventable errors resulted from inappropriate admission triage. Journal of Hospital Medicine 2010. © 2010 Society of Hospital Medicine.
Scheduled admissions and high occupancy at a children's hospital
Authors: Fieldston Evan S. , Ragavan Meera , Jayaraman Bhuvaneswari , Allebach Kelly , Pati Susmita , Metlay Joshua P. 
Published: December 2010

AbstractBACKGROUND:High hospital occupancy is a challenge for quality of care and access, while low levels of occupancy may be inefficient in terms of resource utilization. Variability from scheduling decisions may affect occupancy and be amenable to alteration.OBJECTIVE:Describe variability in admission, discharge, and occupancy patterns at a large children's hospital and assess the relationship between scheduled admissions and occupancy.DESIGN:Retrospective administrative data analysis.SETTING:One urban, tertiary‐care children's hospital.PATIENTS:A total of 22,310 consecutive patients admitted from July 1, 2007 to June 30, 2008.MEASUREMENTS:Admission‐discharge‐transfer (ADT) data for 1 fiscal year were abstracted for analysis of admission and occupancy patterns.RESULTS:Among 22,310 admissions, 78% were coded as emergent and 22% as scheduled. Variation in admission volume by day of week was high for scheduled admissions (coefficient of variation [CV] 65.3%), while it was more consistent for emergent admissions (CV 12.0%). For patients with length of stay (LOS) ≤7 days (84%), Mondays and Tuesdays generated 45.2% of scheduled patient hours. Wednesdays and Thursdays had the highest frequency of high occupancy.CONCLUSIONS:Scheduled admissions contribute significantly to variability in occupancy and risk of mid‐week crowding. Predictable patterns of admissions lead to high occupancy on some days and unused capacity on others, which can be addressed with proactive management of admissions (eg, greater use of unused capacity on weekends and in summer). Hospitals interested in optimizing patient flow should assess their admission and occupancy patterns. Further studies should link variation in occupancy to outcomes including quality of care, educational activities, and staff satisfaction. Journal of Hospital Medicine 2010;. © 2010 Society of Hospital Medicine.
Preparation of Bowl‐Like Polymer Particles via Multi‐Step Emulsion Polymerization and Alkali Post‐Treatment
Authors: Deng Wei , Wang Jishuai , Wang Manyi , Kan Chengyou 
Published: December 2010

AbstractSummary: Monodisperse P(BA‐MMA‐MAA‐EGDMA)/P(St‐MAA‐DVB) core/shell latex particles were first synthesized by a four‐step emulsion polymerization, and a new kind of latex particles with “bowl‐like” morphology were obtained by post‐treating the resultant core/shell particles under alkali condition. Results indicated that the feeding rates of the monomer mixture and initiator aqueous solution were the key parameters to obtain monodisperse core/shell latex particles in the emulsion polymerization process, and the latex particles with “bowl‐like” morphology could be generated only when the treatment temperature was equal or higher than 70 °C.
Synthesis and Evaluation of Adhesion Properties of Homogeneous and Core‐Shell Pressure‐Sensitive Adhesives
Authors: Mascorro R. , Elena‐Navarro Ma. , Dorantes H. , Corea M. 
Published: December 2010

AbstractSummary: Pressure‐Sensitive Adhesives (PSAs) are used for many applications (e.g. tapes and labels), and the market is still growing as new applications are regularly discovered. Emulsion polymerization is widely used to produce water‐based PSAs. In this work, the influence of morphology, diameter and acrylic acid concentration in the particles on adhesion properties (peel, tack and shear) was studied. To do so, two series of homogeneous and core‐shell latex particles of poly(butyl acrylate‐2‐ethyl‐hexyl acrylate) with different concentrations of acrylic acid (0, 1, 3 and 5 wt%) and three different average diameters, were synthesized by means of emulsion polymerization techniques. The materials were characterized by dynamic light scattering, zeta potential and transmission electronic microscopy. The contents of acrylic acid in the polymer and dispersed medium were determined and the higher quantity of it was found within the particles. The best equilibrium between adhesion properties was found in the core‐shell particles with 3 wt% of AA.
Dietary selenium intake influences Cx43 dephosphorylation, TNF‐α expression and cardiac remodeling after reperfused infarction
Authors: Tanguy Stéphane , Rakotovao Andry , Jouan Marie‐Gabrielle , Ghezzi Catherine , de Leiris Joël , Boucher François 
Published: December 2010

AbstractScope: Post‐infarct left ventricular dysfunction and cardiac remodeling are the primary causes of chronic heart failure in industrialized countries. In the present study, we examined the influence of dietary selenium intake on cardiac remodeling after reperfused myocardial infarction and explored one of the possible mechanisms.Methods and results: Rats were fed a diet containing either 0.05 mg/kg (Low‐Se, group of rats receiving the low‐selenium diet) or 1.50 mg/kg (group of rats receiving the high‐selenium diet) selenium. At the end of the 5th week of the diet, rats were subjected to transient (1 h) coronary ligation followed by 8 days of reperfusion. Infarct size and cardiac passive compliance were increased in the Low‐Se group compared with group of rats receiving the high‐selenium diet. Similarly, indices of cardiac remodeling (thinning index and expansion index) were more altered in Low‐Se hearts. These adverse effects of the Low‐Se diet on cardiac remodeling were accompanied by an increase in cardiac TNF‐α content, a decreased activity of antioxidant seleno‐enzymes and an increase in connexin‐43 dephosphorylation.Conclusion: Dietary selenium intake influences post‐infarct cardiac remodeling even when provided within the range of physiological values. Our data suggest that the cardioprotective effect of selenium might be mediated by a reduced oxidative stress, a lower connexin‐43 dephosphorylation, and a decreased TNF‐α expression.
Design, realization, and test of a 2.1‐GHz low‐phase‐noise oscillator based on BAW resonator
Authors: Li Mingdong , Seok S. , Rolland N. , Rolland P.‐A. 
Published: December 2010

AbstractThis article presents the design and the realization of a 2.1‐GHz low‐phase‐noise oscillator through a combination of bulk acoustic wave resonator and negative differential resistance circuit using STMicroelectronics 0.25‐μm BiCMOS technology. A new procedure that is based on the Kurokawa criterion and implemented with microwave CADs has been used to design the oscillator. A good agreement between the simulations and measurements has been achieved. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 53:405–409, 2011; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.25690
Design of high‐efficiency and broadband‐tuned class AB power amplifier
Authors: Vatankhahghadim Aynaz , Boumaiza Slim 
Published: December 2010

AbstractThe design of broadband matching networks (MNs) exploiting filter theory is presented in this article for synthesizing broadband and highly efficient power amplifiers (PAs).Starting from sets of optimum impedances over the design frequency (obtained from load/pull measurement), the MNs are designed using a systematic approach. The impact of the second harmonic termination on the transistor performance is investigated and used to optimize the power efficiency over broad frequency range. Two PAs were designed with the proposed methodology using 25‐W GaN device. The designs targeted the frequency bands of 1.8–2.2 GHz (20% BW) and 1.8–2.7 GHz (40% BW). The former achieved the drain efficiency (DE) of about 70% and output power of 45.5 dBm (±1 dB), whereas the latter delivered a DE of about 60% and output power of 45.5 dBm. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 53:395–398, 2011; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.25710
Small‐size wideband monopole antenna closely coupled with a chip‐inductor–loaded shorted strip for 11‐band WWAN/WLAN/WiMAX operation in the slim mobile phone
Authors: Wong Kin‐Lu , Lee Cheng‐Tse 
Published: December 2010

AbstractA small‐size wideband antenna suitable for the 11‐band WWAN/WLAN/WiMAX operation in the slim mobile phone is presented. The wideband antenna has a simple structure and is formed by a printed monopole closely coupled with a chip‐inductor‐loaded shorted strip. The antenna occupies a small footprint of 15 × 20.5 mm2 (∼308 mm2) on the system circuit board and can generate two wide operating bands for the desired 11‐band operation. The antenna's upper band is mainly contributed by the printed monopole and covers the GSM1800/1900/UMTS operation (1710–2170 MHz), the 2.4/5.2/5.8 GHz WLAN operation (2400–2484/5150–5350/5725–5875 MHz), and the 2.5/3.5/5.5 GHz WiMAX operation (2500–2690/3300–3800/5250–5850 MHz). The lower band is contributed by the parasitic chip‐inductor‐loaded shorted strip closely coupled by the printed monopole and covers the GSM850/900 operation (824–960 MHz). Further, the antenna can be disposed on the system circuit board of the mobile phone with a small thickness of 3 mm only, allowing the antenna very promising to be applied in the modern slim mobile phone. Detailed results of the proposed antenna are presented. The specific absorption rate results of the antenna, including the case with the user's hand presence, are also analyzed. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 53:361–366, 2011; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.25712
A novel terahertz wave switch based on metamaterial
Authors: Jiu‐sheng Li , Jian‐jun Liu 
Published: December 2010

AbstractIn this letter, a novel terahertz (THz) wave switch based on metamaterial is proposed and measured.On–off switching is based on a controllable resonance of the metamaterial by applying an external semiconductor laser to illuminate substrate. Experimentally, we demonstrate on–off response time speed and extinction ratio of the proposed THz wave switch is of 1 ms and 19.4 dB at 0.32 THz, respectively. The presented THz wave switch has a potential application to THz wave communication systems. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 53:276–278, 2011; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.25751
Quantitative measurement of blood‐brain barrier permeability in human using dynamic contrast‐enhanced MRI with fast T1 mapping
Authors: Taheri Saeid , Gasparovic Charles , Shah Nadim Jon , Rosenberg Gary A. 
Published: December 2010

AbstractBreakdown of the blood‐brain barrier (BBB), occurring in many neurological diseases, has been difficult to measure noninvasively in humans. Dynamic contrast‐enhanced magnetic resonance imaging measures BBB permeability. However, important technical challenges remain and normative data from healthy humans is lacking. We report the implementation of a method for measuring BBB permeability, originally developed in animals, to estimate BBB permeability in both healthy subjects and patients with white matter pathology. Fast T1 mapping was used to measure the leakage of contrast agent Gadolinium diethylene triamine pentaacetic acid (Gd‐DTPA) from plasma into brain. A quarter of the standard Gd‐DTPA dose for dynamic contrast‐enhanced magnetic resonance imaging was found to give both sufficient contrast‐to‐noise and high T1 sensitivity. The Patlak graphical approach was used to calculate the permeability from changes in 1/T1. Permeability constants were compared with cerebrospinal fluid albumin index. The upper limit of the 95% confidence interval for white matter BBB permeability for normal subjects was 3 × 10−4 L/g min. MRI measurements correlated strongly with levels of cerebrospinal fluid albumin in those subjects undergoing lumbar puncture. Dynamic contrast‐enhanced magnetic resonance imaging with low dose Gd‐DTPA and fast T1 imaging is a sensitive method to measure subtle differences in BBB permeability in humans and may have advantages over techniques based purely on the measurement of pixel contrast changes. Magn Reson Med, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
In vivo MRSI of hyperpolarized [1‐13C]pyruvate metabolism in rat hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Darpolor Moses M. , Yen Yi‐Fen , Chua Mei‐Sze , Xing Lei , Clarke‐Katzenberg Regina H. , Shi Wenfang , Mayer Dirk , Josan Sonal , Hurd Ralph E. , Pfefferbaum Adolf , Senadheera Lasitha , So Samuel , Hofmann Lawrence V. , Glazer Gary M. , Spielman Daniel M. 
Published: December 2010

AbstractHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the primary form of human adult liver malignancy, is a highly aggressive tumor with average survival rates that are currently less than 1 year following diagnosis. Most patients with HCC are diagnosed at an advanced stage, and no efficient marker exists for the prediction of prognosis and/or response(s) to therapy. We have reported previously a high level of [1‐13C]alanine in an orthotopic HCC using single‐voxel hyperpolarized [1‐13C]pyruvate MRS. In the present study, we implemented a three‐dimensional MRSI sequence to investigate this potential hallmark of cellular metabolism in rat livers bearing HCC (n = 7 buffalo rats). In addition, quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction was used to determine the mRNA levels of lactate dehydrogenase A, nicotinamide adenine (phosphate) dinucleotide dehydrogenase quinone 1 and alanine transaminase. The enzyme levels were significantly higher in tumor than in normal liver tissues within each rat, and were associated with the in vivo MRSI signal of [1‐13C]alanine and [1‐13C]lactate after a bolus intravenous injection of [1‐13C]pyruvate. Histopathological analysis of these tumors confirmed the successful growth of HCC as a nodule in buffalo rat livers, revealing malignancy and hypervascular architecture. More importantly, the results demonstrated that the metabolic fate of [1‐13C]pyruvate conversion to [1‐13C]alanine significantly superseded that of [1‐13C]pyruvate conversion to [1‐13C]lactate, potentially serving as a marker of HCC tumors. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The Albanian approach to municipal borrowing: From centralized control to market discipline
Authors: Cepiku Denita , Mussari Riccardo 
Published: December 2010

AbstractLocal governments (LGs) in transitional countries face pressing infrastructure needs, which, given the severe shortcomings of traditional funding, make a strong case for debt financing. This article explores the case study of Albania, using document analysis and interviews with mayors, civil servants, citizens and investors. We go beyond an analysis of technical aspects (macroeconomic conditions and legal constraints on borrowing) to include ‘soft’ elements (political and managerial issues, attitudes of key actors), with the aim of highlighting the approach adopted under current policies and the approach that should be adopted. Favorable macroeconomic conditions and the completeness of the legal framework have motivated policy‐makers to choose the market model. Their aim is to develop the financial market rapidly; however, the development of sound management systems at the local level is largely ignored. We argue that the role of managerial capacities, public accountability and professional mechanisms is not adequately taken into account. Future policies need to make the best use of some early experiences of public participation and build upon the extensive training in accounting and auditing issues provided to local civil servants in order to exploit other models of municipal borrowing control. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.