bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Critical Role for C5L2 in the Pathogenesis of Experimental Allergic Asthma
Authors: Zhang Xun , Schmudde Inken , Laumonnier Yves , Pandey Manoj. K. , Clark Jennifer R. , König Peter , Gerard Norma P. , Gerard Craig , Wills-Karp Marsha , Köhl Jörg 
Published: October 2010

Abstract
The complement fragment C5a plays dual roles in the development of experimental allergic asthma. It protects from pulmonary allergy by a regulatory effect on dendritic cells during allergen sensitization, but is proallergic during the effector phase. C5a can bind to two distinct receptors (i.e., C5a receptor and C5a receptor-like 2 [C5L2]). The functional role of C5L2 in vivo remains enigmatic. In this study, we show in two models of OVA- and house dust mite (HDM)-induced experimental allergic asthma that C5L2-deficient mice are protected from the development of airway hyperresponsiveness, Th2 cytokine production, eosinophilic airway inflammation, serum IgE, or mucus production. Surprisingly, HDM-induced experimental asthma in C5L2-deficient mice was associated with increased pulmonary IL-17A production and increased airway neutrophil numbers. To directly assess the role of C5L2 on myeloid dendritic cells (mDCs) during allergen sensitization, we performed single or repeated adoptive transfers of C5L2-deficient mDCs into wild-type mice. HDM-pulsed C5L2-deficient mDCs induced strong Th2 cytokine production, which was associated with marked IFN-γ and IL-17A production, decreased eosinophil numbers, and reduced IgE production as compared with HDM-pulsed mDCs from wild-type mice. HDM stimulation of C5L2−/− mDCs in vitro resulted in production of Th17-promoting cytokine IL-23, which was absent in wild-type mDCs. Our findings suggest that C5L2 acts at the mDC/T cell interface to control the development of Th1 and Th17 cells in response to airway HDM exposure. Furthermore, it drives Th2 immune responses independent of mDCs, suggesting a complex role for C5L2 in the development of experimental allergic asthma.
Neutrophil Migration across Intestinal Epithelium: Evidence for a Role of CD44 in Regulating Detachment of Migrating Cells from the Luminal Surface
Authors: Brazil Jennifer C. , Lee Winston Y. , Kolegraff Keli N. , Nusrat Asma , Parkos Charles A. , Louis Nancy A. 
Published: October 2010

Abstract
The migration of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) across the intestinal epithelium is a histopathological hallmark of many mucosal inflammatory diseases including inflammatory bowel disease. The terminal transmigration step is the detachment of PMNs from the apical surface of the epithelium and their subsequent release into the intestinal lumen. The current study sought to identify epithelial proteins involved in the regulation of PMN migration across intestinal epithelium at the stage at which PMNs reach the apical epithelial surface. A panel of Abs reactive with IFN-γ–stimulated T84 intestinal epithelial cells was generated. Screening efforts identified one mAb, GM35, that prevented PMN detachment from the apical epithelial surface. Microsequencing studies identified the GM35 Ag as human CD44. Transfection studies confirmed this result by demonstrating the loss of the functional activity of the GM35 mAb following attenuation of epithelial CD44 protein expression. Immunoblotting and immunofluorescence revealed the GM35 Ag to be an apically expressed v6 variant exon-containing form of human CD44 (CD44v6). ELISA analysis demonstrated the release of soluble CD44v6 by T84 cells during PMN transepithelial migration. In addition, the observed release of CD44v6 was blocked by GM35 treatment, supporting a connection between CD44v6 release and PMN detachment. Increased expression of CD44v6 and the GM35 Ag was detected in inflamed ulcerative colitis tissue. This study demonstrates that epithelial-expressed CD44v6 plays a role in PMN clearance during inflammatory episodes through regulation of the terminal detachment of PMNs from the apical epithelial surface into the lumen of the intestine.
STAT1-Activating Cytokines Limit Th17 Responses through Both T-bet–Dependent and –Independent Mechanisms
Authors: Villarino Alejandro V. , Gallo Eugenio , Abbas Abul K. 
Published: October 2010

Abstract
Given the association with autoimmune disease, there is great interest in defining cellular factors that limit overactive or misdirected Th17-type inflammation. Using in vivo and in vitro models, we investigated the molecular mechanisms for cytokine-mediated inhibition of Th17 responses, focusing on the role of STAT1 and T-bet in this process. These studies demonstrate that, during systemic inflammation, STAT1- and T-bet–deficient T cells each exhibit a hyper-Th17 phenotype relative to wild-type controls. However, IL-17 production was greater in the absence of T-bet, and when both STAT1 and T-bet were deleted, there was no further increase, with the double-deficient cells instead behaving more like STAT1-deficient counterparts. Similar trends were observed during in vitro priming, with production of Th17-type cytokines greater in T-bet−/− T cells than in either STAT1−/− or STAT1−/− T-bet−/− counterparts. The ability of IFN-γ and IL-27 to suppress Th17 responses was reduced in T-bet–deficient cells, and most importantly, ectopic T-bet could suppress signature Th17 gene products, including IL-17A, IL-17F, IL-22, and retinoic acid-related orphan receptor γT, even in STAT1-deficient T cells. Taken together, these studies formally establish that, downstream of IFN-γ, IL-27, and likely all STAT1-activating cytokines, there are both STAT1 and T-bet–dependent pathways capable of suppressing Th17 responses.
The Chlamydia muridarum-Induced IFN-β Response Is TLR3-Dependent in Murine Oviduct Epithelial Cells
Authors: Derbigny Wilbert A. , Johnson Raymond M. , Toomey Katherine S. , Ofner Susan , Jayarapu Krupakar 
Published: October 2010

Abstract
Epithelial cells lining the murine genital tract act as sentinels for microbial infection, play a major role in the initiation of the early inflammatory response, and can secrete factors that modulate the adaptive immune response when infected with Chlamydia. C. muridarum-infected murine oviduct epithelial cells secrete the inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and GM-CSF in a TLR2-dependent manner. Further, C. muridarum infection induces IFN-β synthesis in the oviduct epithelial cells in a TRIF-dependent manner. Because murine oviduct epithelial cells express TLR3 but not TLRs 4, 7, 8, or 9, we hypothesized that TLR3 or an unknown TRIF-dependent pattern recognition receptor was the critical receptor for IFN-β production. To investigate the role of TLR3 in the Chlamydia-induced IFN-β response in oviduct epithelial cells, we used small interfering RNA, dominant-negative TLR3 mutants, and TLR3-deficient oviduct epithelial cells to show that the IFN-β secreted during C. muridarum infection requires a functional TLR3. Interestingly, we demonstrate that the TLR3 signaling pathway is not required for IFN-β synthesis in C. muridarum-infected macrophages, suggesting that there are alternate and redundant pathways to Chlamydia-induced IFN-β synthesis that seem to be dependent upon the cell type infected. Finally, because there is no obvious dsRNA molecule associated with Chlamydia infection, the requirement for TLR3 in Chlamydia-induced IFN-β synthesis in infected oviduct epithelial cells implicates a novel ligand that binds to and signals through TLR3.
Unexpected Role for the B Cell-Specific Src Family Kinase B Lymphoid Kinase in the Development of IL-17–Producing γδ T Cells
Authors: Laird Renee M. , Laky Karen , Hayes Sandra M. 
Published: October 2010

Abstract
The Ag receptors on αβ and γδ T cells differ not only in the nature of the ligands that they recognize but also in their signaling potential. We hypothesized that the differences in αβ- and γδTCR signal transduction were due to differences in the intracellular signaling pathways coupled to these two TCRs. To investigate this, we used transcriptional profiling to identify genes encoding signaling molecules that are differentially expressed in mature αβ and γδ T cell populations. Unexpectedly, we found that B lymphoid kinase (Blk), a Src family kinase expressed primarily in B cells, is expressed in γδ T cells but not in αβ T cells. Analysis of Blk-deficient mice revealed that Blk is required for the development of IL-17–producing γδ T cells. Furthermore, Blk is expressed in lymphoid precursors and, in this capacity, plays a role in regulating thymus cellularity during ontogeny.
Optimal Production Control in Stochastic Manufacturing Systems with Degenerate Demand
Authors: Baten Azizul , Kamil Anton Abdulbasah 
Published: October 2010

AbstractThe paper studies the production inventory problem of minimizing the expected discounted present value of production cost control in manufacturing systems with degenerate stochastic demand. We have developed the optimal inventory production control problem by deriving the dynamics of the inventory-demand ratio that evolves according to a stochastic neoclassical differential equation through Ito's Lemma. We have also established the Riccati based solution of the reduced (one- dimensional) HJB equation corresponding to production inventory control problem through the technique of dynamic programming principle. Finally, the optimal control is shown to exist from the optimality conditions in the HJB equation.
Aprendizagem profissional: a docência na biblioteconomia
Authors: Diniz Edileuda Soares , Carvalho Ademar de Lima 
Published: October 2010

Trata-se de uma pesquisa do tipo qualitativa, cuja finalidade esteve voltada para conhecer a trajetória da aprendizagem profissional da docência dos professores substitutos do Curso de Biblioteconomia da UFMT/Campus de Rondonópolis dos anos de 2005 a 2007. Buscou-se especificamente examinar como esses docentes substitutos apreendem sua prática pedagógica. A metodologia que mais se adequou ao propósito do estudo foi a investigação qualitativa em educação, tendo-se o diário como técnica escolhida, por ser o instrumento apropriado a esse tipo de pesquisa, de modo a possibilitar a coleta de dados por meio da produção reflexiva do total dos cinco participantes da pesquisa. Constatou-se, ao final, a necessidade de um preparo adequado para exercer a profissão de professor no ensino superior.
Gold(I)‐Catalyzed Cycloisomerization of 2‐Fluoroalk‐3‐yn‐1‐ones: Synthesis of 2,5‐Substituted 3‐Fluorofurans
Authors: Li Yan , Wheeler Kraig A. , Dembinski Roman 
Published: October 2010

AbstractFluorination of 1,4‐disubstituted tert‐butyldimethylsilyl but‐1‐en‐3‐yn‐1‐yl ethers with Selectfluor gives 2‐mono‐fluorobut‐3‐yn‐1‐ones. Subsequent 5‐endo‐dig cyclization in the presence of chlorotriphenylphosphine gold(I)/silver trifluoromethanesulfonate (both 5 mol%, dichloromethane) under ambient conditions, provides a facile method for the generation of mainly 2,5‐diaryl‐substituted 3‐fluorofurans in high yields (89–96%). The structure of 2‐(4‐bromophenyl)‐3‐fluoro‐5‐(4‐methylphenyl)furan was confirmed by X‐ray crystallography.
Morpholinosulfur Trifluoride (Morph‐DAST)‐Mediated Rearrangement in the Fluorination of Cyclic α,α‐Dialkoxy Ketones toward 1,2‐Dialkoxy‐1,2‐difluorinated Compounds
Authors: Surmont Riccardo , Verniest Guido , De Groot Alex , Thuring Jan Willem , De Kimpe Norbert 
Published: October 2010

AbstractThe deoxofluorination of cyclic α,α‐dialkoxy ketones with morpholinosulfur trifluoride (Morph‐DAST) resulted in 1,2‐dialkoxy‐1,2‐difluorinated carbo‐ and heterocyclic compounds. The reaction proceeds via a 1,2‐alkoxy migration leading to mixtures of cis‐ and trans‐isomers.
Efficient Synthesis and Ring‐Opening Reactions of Monofluorinated Epoxides Derived from α‐Fluorosulfoximines
Authors: Zhang Wei , Hu Jinbo 
Published: October 2010

AbstractMonofluorinated epoxides were successfully prepared through the O‐cyclization reaction between α‐fluorosulfoximines and ketones. The obtained fluoroepoxides were found to readily undergo an interesting ring‐opening process (involving both a CF bond cleavage and another CF bond formation) in the presence of titanium tetrafluoride or pyridinium poly(hydrogen fluoride) to afford α‐fluorinated ketones. The later process constitutes a formal catalytic 1,2‐fluorine shift reaction.
Chiral Brønsted Acid‐Catalyzed Enantioselective Friedel–Crafts Reaction of 4,7‐Dihydroindoles with Trifluoromethyl Ketones
Authors: Wang Teng , Zhang Guang‐Wu , Teng Yuou , Nie Jing , Zheng Yan , Ma Jun‐An 
Published: October 2010

AbstractIn the presence of chiral phosphoric acid, an enantioselective Friedel–Crafts reaction of 4,7‐dihydroindoles with aromatic trifluoromethyl ketones and ethyl 4,4,4‐trifluoroacetoacetate has been realized. A series of 2‐substituted 4,7‐dihydroindoles with a trifluoromethylated tertiary alcohol moiety were obtained in 45–95% yields with 60–93% ee. Furthermore, 2‐functionalized indole derivatives could be produced through a one‐pot process.
Gold‐Catalyzed Synthesis of α‐Fluoro Acetals and α‐Fluoro Ketones from Alkynes
Authors: de Haro Teresa , Nevado Cristina 
Published: October 2010

AbstractA new method to synthesize α‐fluoro acetals and α‐fluoro ketones is presented here. In the presence of alcohols and Selectfluor, catalytic amounts of gold selectively transformed alkynes into the corresponding fluorinated acetals or ketones depending on the reaction conditions. This protocol has been applied to both terminal and internal alkynes showing a high degree of chemo‐ and regioselectivity. The reaction mechanism seems to proceed via two co‐existing pathways, since at least partially, the formation of the C(sp3)F bond in the final products occurs at the metal center.
Highly Enantioselective Amination Reactions of Fluorinated Keto Esters Catalyzed by Novel Chiral Guanidines Derived from Cinchona Alkaloids
Authors: Han Xiao , Zhong Fangrui , Lu Yixin 
Published: October 2010

AbstractNovel Cinchona alkaloid‐derived guanidines catalyze stereoselective aminations of fluorinated keto esters, affording products with fluorine‐containing quaternary stereogenic centers in excellent yields and with moderate to high enantioselectivities.
Recent Advances in Catalytic Enantioselective Fluorination Reactions
Authors: Lectard Sylvain , Hamashima Yoshitaka , Sodeoka Mikiko 
Published: October 2010

AbstractSince the incorporation of fluorine into biologically active compounds often enhances the properties of the parent compounds, there is a considerable demand for efficient enantioselective fluorination reactions. Over the past decade, a range of metal‐catalyzed and organocatalyzed fluorination reactions has been developed. Nowadays, fluorine can be catalytically introduced into many compounds in good yield and with high enantioselectivity, and the scope of these reactions is broad. Herein, we review recent progress in the field of catalytic enantioselective fluorination reactions, including their scope and mechanism.
Update of cancer and non‐cancer mortality in the Missouri poultry cohort
Authors: Johnson Eric S. , Zhou Yi , Yau C. Lillian , Sarda Vishnu , Preacely Nykiconia , Bankuru Satish , Bangara Saritha , Felini Martha , Ndetan Harrison 
Published: October 2010

AbstractBackgroundWorkers in poultry slaughtering and processing plants have one of the highest human exposures to transmissible agents that cause cancer and other diseases in chickens and turkeys, and also have other occupational carcinogenic exposures. The general population is also exposed to these transmissible agents.MethodsWe investigated mortality in workers who belong to a poultry union in Missouri, and estimated standardized mortality ratios.ResultsSignificantly increased mortality was observed for some leukemias, benign neoplasms, thyroid diseases, bacterial infections, and schizophrenic disorders. The risk of breast cancer and several non‐cancer conditions was significantly depressed.ConclusionThe findings add to the growing evidence suggesting that workers occupationally exposed to transmissible agents and carcinogens in the poultry industry, are at increased risk of dying from certain chronic diseases, including cancer. Am. J. Ind. Med. 54:49–54, 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Pseudohypoparathyroidism type 1a and the GNAS p.R231H mutation: Somatic mosaicism in a mother with two affected sons
Authors: Ngai Ying Fai , Chijiwa Chieko , Mercimek‐Mahmutoglu Saadet , Stewart Laura , Yong Siu‐Li , Robinson Wendy P. , Gibson William T. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractPseudohypoparathyrodism (PHP) is a disorder caused by mutations in the guanine nucleotide‐binding α‐subunit (GNAS). We sought to determine the genetic origin of PHP1a in one affected family. We identified the previously reported Gsα R231H mutation in family members affected with PHP1a. DNA analysis found that the two clinically affected sons are heterozygous for the mutation. The sons have PHP1a, manifesting obesity, intellectual disability, hypogonadism, hypothyroidism and elevated PTH levels. Initial DNA sequencing did not detect the mutation in either parent. However, their mother displayed some features of PHP, including elevated PTH levels and asymmetrical metacarpal shortening. Using molecular cloning, we detected the mutation at low levels in the mother's leukocyte DNA, consistent with somatic mosaicism and her mildly affected status. Thus, we have identified additional cases of PHP1a caused by the Gsα R231H mutation. In this family, the mother has a milder phenotype due in part to somatic mosaicism, whereas the two affected sons have full PHP1a. Though somatic mosaicism for activating GNAS mutations is known to occur in McCune–Albright syndrome, this is the first report confirming somatic mosaicism for a hypofunctioning GNAS mutation in a PHP kindred. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Familial hydrocephalus with normal cognition and distinctive radiological features
Authors: Basel‐Vanagaite Lina , Raas‐Rotchild Annick , Kornreich Liora , Har‐Zahav Adi , Yeshaya Josefa , Latarowski Victoria , Lerer Israela , Dobyns William B. , Shohat Mordechai 
Published: October 2010

AbstractHydrocephalus is a clinically and genetically heterogeneous condition. Individuals with posterior fossa abnormalities have an increased risk of developing hydrocephalus. The Dandy–Walker malformation, Dandy–Walker variant, and mega‐cisterna magna (MCM) seem to represent a continuum of developmental anomalies of the posterior fossa. Here we describe the natural clinical history and the radiological features of a family with autosomal or X‐linked dominant inheritance of MCM and hydrocephalus of variable severity. The affected family members demonstrate similar structural brain abnormalities including midline cyst, colpocephaly, MCM with a large posterior fossa and minimal vermian hypoplasia. The cognitive development of the affected individuals is normal. L1CAM and FOXC1 gene involvement in the pathogenesis of the disease in this family was excluded. The rare possibility of autosomal dominant or X‐linked dominant inheritance and variable penetrance and expressivity must always be considered in genetic counseling of families with hereditary hydrocephalus. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Cytogenetic and molecular evaluation and 20‐year follow‐up of a patient with ring chromosome 14
Authors: Guilherme Roberta Santos , de Freitas Ayres Meloni Vera , Sodré Claudete Palmer , Christofolini Denise Maria , Pellegrino Renata , de Mello Claudia Berlim , Conlin Laura Kathleen , Hutchinson Anne Lawlor , Spinner Nancy Bettina , Brunoni Decio , Kulikowski Leslie Domenici , Melaragno Maria Isabel 
Published: October 2010

AbstractWe present a 20‐year follow‐up on a patient with a ring chromosome 14. The ring chromosome was studied by fluorescence in‐situ hybridization (FISH), multiplex‐ligation probe amplification (MLPA), and genome wide SNP array, and no deletions of chromosome 14 were detected, although the telomeric repeat sequence was absent from the ring chromosome. The patient had skeletal abnormalities, and susceptibility to infections, as well as seizures and retinal pigmentation, which are commonly found in individuals with a ring 14. Our patient corroborates the idea that even when no genes are lost during ring formation, a complete ring chromosome can produce phenotypic alterations, which presumably result from ring instability or gene silencing due to the new chromosomal architecture. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The conundrum of a jumping translocation (JT) in CVS from twins and review of JTs
Authors: Reddy Kavita S. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractJumping translocations (JTs) are rare constitutional or acquired rearrangements involving a donor and several receiver chromosomes. They may be inherited or de novo. JTs can be found as a cultural artifact, in normal individuals or in pathological conditions. The clinical consequences range from spontaneous abortion, loss of fetus, chromosome syndrome, congenital abnormalities, and infertility to malignancy. Considering the breakpoints of JTs, they are localized predominantly in repeat regions such as pericentromeric, centromeric, subtelomeric, telomeric, and occasionally interstitial regions that may be in a low copy repeats (LCR) or in a telomere like sequence. Differences between the constitutional and acquired JTs donor breakpoints suggest an independent mechanism in their formation. In this review, a new JT involving a donor chromosome 18p10qter and recipients 17q25qter or 1q25qter found by CVS of a twin pregnancy is described. This case illustrates the diagnostic challenges posed by JTs.In this study, our knowledge on JTs is consolidated to improve identification, management, and counseling. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Scaling VOI size in 3D μCT studies of trabecular bone: A test of the over‐sampling hypothesis
Authors: Lazenby Richard A. , Skinner Matthew M. , Kivell Tracy L. , Hublin Jean‐Jacques 
Published: October 2010

AbstractFor comparative 3D μCT studies of trabecular bone, the use of a volume of interest (VOI) scaled to body size may avoid over‐sampling the trabecular mass in smaller versus larger‐bodied taxa and comparison of regions that are not functionally homologous (Fajardo and Müller: Am J Phys Anthropol 115 (2001) 327–336), though the influence on quantitative analyses using scaled versus nonscaled VOIs remains poorly characterized. We compare trabecular architectural properties reflecting mass, organization, and orientation from three volumes of interest (large, scaled, and small) obtained from the distal first metacarpal in a sample of Homo (n = 10) and Pan (n = 12). We test the null hypotheses that neither absolute VOI size, nor scaling of the VOI to metacarpal size as a proxy for body size, biases intraspecific analyses nor impacts the detection of interspecific differences. These hypotheses were only partially supported. While certain properties (e.g., bone volume fraction or trabecular thickness) were not affected by varying VOI size within taxa, others were significantly impacted (e.g., intersection surface, connectivity, and structure). In comparing large versus scaled VOIs, we found that the large VOI inflated the number and/or magnitude of significant differences between Homo and Pan. In summary, our results support the use of scaled VOIs in studies of trabecular architecture. Am J Phys Anthropol, 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.