bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Client-centered Psychotherapy Efficacy in Panic Disorder
Authors: Panait O.D. , Chirita A.L. 
Published: March 2009

Background and aims:Panic disorder has an overall prevalence rate of 2.1% with higher rates in women. Usually, the treatment includes pharmacotherapy (SSRI) and cognitive-behavioral therapy. But two thirds of the patients have a chronic pattern of evolution, with exacerbations and remissions. That is why we looked for another form of psychotherapy to help patients improve their quality of life.Methods:We evaluated 25 patients (17 female and 8 male), with the mean age of 27.8 years, for 48 weeks. They were treated with paroxetine 20 mg daily for 12 weeks and with weekly sessions of client-centered psychotherapy. They were evaluated with the Covi Anxiety Scale (CAS), the Panic and Agoraphobia Scale (PAS) and the CGIs (CGI-I and CHI-S).Results:At the beginning of the treatment the next mean values of the whole group were: CAS 12.9, PAS 50.4, CGI-S 5.3. after 12 weeks the mean values were: CAS 6.7, PAS 12.1 and the CGI-I 2. after 24 weeks the mean values were: CAS 4, PAS 4.3 and the CGI-I 1.3. at the end of the study the CGI-I was 1, the CAS 3 and the PAS was zero.Conclusions:Client-centered psychotherapy is an useful approach in patients with panic disorder.
The Pathogenic and Patopsychology Factors of Agorafobia and Panic Disorder Performing in Ukrainian Population
Authors: Mykhaylov B. 
Published: March 2009

The high dynamics of sociotechnocratic development of modern society, improvement of the information technologies, scientific and technical achievements along with the improvement of the quality of life bring about the elevation of psychological and emotional tension, complication of an individual’s behavioral patterns, and put forward harsh requirements to the integrative activities of all mental processes as a whole.The following system-creating factors require a basic revision of the role and function of psychotherapy in modern medicine:1.Evolution of concepts of psychosomatic and somatopsychic correlates.2.Changes in the morbidity structure.3.Resocialization of patients as an ultimate aim of the treatment process.4.“Internal” tendencies in development of psychotherapy itself.5.Psychological causes of diseases and factors of neurotization.6.Rigidity of professional doctrines and organizational ways of providing healthcare for the population.Psychological and sociological factors of neurotization of Ukrainian population have a number of peculiarities:•sociopolitical instability of society;•economical and ideological instability of society;•loss of old ideals by the people and the lack of new ones;•looking up to religious, mystic, occult and para-scientific systems;•increase in the number of technological and natural disasters.The changes in morbidity structure testify that a considerable increase in psychologically caused, somatization, psychosomatic and neurosomatic diseases with chronic course, and in borderline states is seen in Ukraine over the last years, especially agorafobia and panic disorder. These illnesses are characterized by a wide psychoemotional range of symptoms with appropriate neurological, vegetative and somatic correlates.
Venlafaxine in the Treatment of Panic Disorder Comorbid with Depression
Authors: Shcherbakova I. , Bardenshtein L. , Krilatith V. 
Published: March 2009

The novel antidepressant venlafaxine, acting as both a serotonin and noradrenaline reuptake inhibitor is generally effective for anxious and depressive symptomatology. Recently venlafaxine has been approved for use in treatment of panic disorder. the aim of this investigation is to determine the efficacy of venlafaxine in the therapy of panic disorder complicated by depressive symptoms.Method:Outpatients aged 19-52 (n=16, 2 male and 14 female), who met ICD-10 criteria simultaneous for panic disorder (with or without agoraphobia) and depressive episode mild severity were treated with venlafaxine in dose 75-150 mg/day (as monotherapy). the patients were evaluated with the Hamilton Rating Scale for Anxiety (HAM-A) and the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS-21) at baseline and weekly during one month and over six months of continued therapy.Results:Baseline total HAM-A and HDRS scores were 23±7 and 24±5, accordingly. Clinical improvement was observed after about one week (HAM-A total: p< 0,01; HDRS total: p< 0,004). the reductions of total using scores from baseline to the end of week 4 were equivalent 78%. Percentage of patients free from panic attacks and depressive symptoms was 37%. after six months all the patients demonstrated panic-free and depressive-free status. the most frequent adverse events were nausea (6,2 %), somnolence (12,5%), which reduced to the end of week one.Conclusion:The venlafaxine therapy of panic disorder comorbid with depression is associated with significant improvement after four weeks of treatment. There was no difference in response using the rates (HAM-A, HDRS).
Psychological Defenses in Patients with Comorbid Panic Disorder and Alcoholism
Authors: Tsygankov D. , Agasaryan E. , Terekhova D. 
Published: March 2009

The aim of this study was to examine psychological differences between various groups of patients with comorbid panic disorder and alcoholism (n = 214). We investigated the use of defense mechanisms by life style index of R. Plutchik. Patients of first group (who experienced there first panic attack during withdrawal of alcohol and then has stopped use of alcohol) significantly higher used projection, displacement and repression. Patients, who have originally suffered from panic attacks which they tried to release with the alcohol (second group), significantly higher used projection. Patients who experienced panic attacks only during ingestion of alcohol (third group), significantly higher used denial and repression. Patients with panic attacks during clinical remission of alcohol addiction, who used alcohol to weaken the panic symptoms, which resulted in the heavy alcoholism recurrence (fourth group), significantly higher used repression, projection and denial. So, there were differences between groups on preferred defense mechanisms. the results of the study can help in understanding the pathogenesis of comorbid panic disorder and alcoholism.The study is supported by the President's grant ÌÊ-2670.
Comparison the Emotional Intelligence Components of Suicidal Patients and Non-clinical Samples
Authors: Ahmadian M. , Nezam T. Shamshiri , Badvee I. , Homayouni A. 
Published: March 2009

Introduction and aim:Based on emotional intelligence (EI) Theory it was expected that EI component differences would likely be obtained on variables including problem-solving, happiness, stress-tolerance, self-actualization, interpersonal relationship. So the purpose of the current study was compare the emotional intelligence (EI) components in suicidal patients and non-clinical samples.Method:A total of 60 participants took part in this study, including 30 patients (12 male, 18 femal) who had recently (in the past three days) attempted suicide, and 30 non-clinical participants. Sampling was arranged so that there were no significant differences among groups in age, education, gender or marital status. All participants completed the bar-on EI questionnaire (90 item version). the bar-on EI questionnaire can measure the ability to understand, interprete, and control ones emotions.Data were analyzed using t-test and Chi square formula.Results:Findings of the current study indicated significant differences among groups on the EI levels. the two groups were differentiated on problem-solving ( T=-2.316 df=58, p< .05 ), happiness ( T=-3.065 df=58, p< .05 ), stress-tolerance ( T=-2.011 df=58, p< .05 ), and self-actualization ( T=-2.579 df=58, p< .05 ).Conclusion:The results of the current study are congruent with the other researchs in this field. Further studies are necessary to confirm these findings, but the results imply that Ei education program may be relevant to reducing risk of suicidal behavior in young peoples.
Differences in Personality Traits Evaluated by TCI According to Physical Illness
Authors: Al-Halabí S. , Herrero R. , Díaz-Mesa E.M. , Bascarán M.T. , Bousoño M. , García-Portilla M.P. , Saíz P.A. , Bobes J. 
Published: March 2009

Aim:To identify differences in personality traits (temperament and character) using Cloninger's typology according to the presence of physical illness (WONCA criteria).Method:404 subjects, without psychiatric pathology, from Asturias (Northern Spain) were included in the study [50% men; mean age (SD)= 40.5 (11.3)]. Assessments were made using an ad hoc interview (socio-demographic and clinical data), and the Spanish versions of the MINI International Neuropsychiatric Interview (DSM-IV criteria) (Sheehan et al., 1997), and the Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI) (Cloninger et al., 1994).Results:154 (38.1%) subjects have at least one diagnosis of physical illness. Subjects with physical illness scored significantly higher in: i) temperament scales: harm avoindance (HA) (17.02 vs 15.76, t= -1.968; p= 0.050); fatigability and asthenia (HA4) (3.56 vs 2.82, t= -3.652; p< 0.000), ii) character scales: transpersonal (ST2) (3.91 vs 3.26, t= -2.900; p= 0.004). However, they scored significantly lower in: i) temperament scales: attachment (RD3) (5.18 vs 5.70, t= 2.346; p= 0.019), ii) character scales: responsibility (SD1) (5.57 vs 5.96, t= 1.984; p=0.048); purposeful (SD2) (5.43 vs 5.84, t= 2.092; p= 0.037); cooperativeness (C) (31.52 vs 33.26, t= 3.166; p< 0.000); social acceptance (C1) (6.50 vs 6.89, t= 2.536; p= 0.012); empathy (C2) (4.81 vs 5.18, t= 2.484; p= 0.013); compassion (C4) (7.44 vs 7.94, t= 2.190; p= 0.019); pure-hearted (C5) (6.55 vs 7.06, t= 3.225; p= 0.001). No other significant differences were found between the groups.Conclusions:Our data suggest that physical illness might influence personality traits in non-psychiatric population.
Gender Differences in Prevalence of Somatoform Disorders in Patients Visiting Primary Care Centers
Authors: Bener A. 
Published: March 2009

Objective:The aim of this study was to examine the gender differences in the prevalence of somatoform disorders among a sample of Qatari patients who were visiting primary health care (PHC) centres and to investigate the severity of most frequent somatic symptoms in these patients.Method:The first stage of the study was conducted with the help of general practitioners (GPs), using the 12-item General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12). the second stage was carried out by a psychiatrist using the Clinical Interview Schedule (CIS). the survey was conducted among patients presenting to the primary health care centres over the period from January to July, 2007. 2320 subjects were approached and a total of 1689 patientsagreed to participate and responded to the questionnaire. among the screened Qatari patients, 404 patients, 211 males (52.2%) and 193 females (47.8%), were identified for clinical interview.Results:The prevalence rate of somatoform disorders among the total screened sample was 23.9%. the prevalence rate was slightly higher in women (24.2%) than in men (23.7%). Prolonged depressive reaction was significantly higher in women compared to men (p=0.003). There was a significant gender difference in certain psychiatric diagnostic categories such as depressive episode, recurrent depressive disorder, dysthymia and brief depressive reaction. Backache was the most common reported symptom in men, while headache was more common in women.Conclusion:Prevalence of somatoform disorders was slightly higher in Qatari women than in men. There was a significant difference found between men and women in certain diagnosis categories and somatic symptoms.
Personality Disorders in Consultation-liaison Psychiatry - an Empirical Investigation [P03-73]
Authors: Diefenbacher A. , Golombek U. , Strain J.J. 
Published: March 2009

Up to now hardly any quantitative research regarding diagnosis of personality disorders in the environment of Consultation-Liaison Psychiatry and Psychosomatic Medicine is available.The data of 3032 patients aged 17-65 years seen between 1988 and 1997 at the Mount Sinai Hospital in New York, NY, were recorded and analyzed using the Micro-Cares Database System.19,7% (N=598) of patients exhibited a personality disorder. Out of those 7,7% distributed to Cluster A (Odd or Eccentric Behavior), 54,3% to Cluster B and 38,0% to Cluster C.89% of patients with personality disorders showed at least one additional specific psychiatric disorder.Patients with a personality disorder had a lower incidence of somatic disease, but exhibited a higher level in psychosocial impairment and a higher comorbidity in substance abuse. During the previous year they used psychiatric treatment more often and were in need of a more intense social and psychotherapeutical treatment.The age group of 17-40 year old patients with a personality disorder was hospitalized shorter and had less of a lag between hospitalization and time of psychiatric consultation.More reasons for a psychiatric consultation were given when patients with a personality disorder were referred.In the environment of Consultation-Liaison Psychiatry and Psychosomatic Medicine every 5th to 6th patient requires a specific, psychiatric, psychotherapeutic or social treatment because of a personality disorder.The classification of personality disorders into clusters did not yield an additional benefit.
Madness Around the Care of a Difficult Patient in the Hospital: Who Makes Who Ill?
Authors: Hristova-Ivanova P. 
Published: March 2009

Miss S.G. is now 22 years old. Rejected by her entourage and by several foster home and adolescent institutions because of her hetero-aggressiveness, her death threats since she was 13 years old and her various suicide attempts, she was hospitalised in our service for adults in 2006 in order to no longer be able to leave. at the hospital, this young woman of slightly limited intellectually and a history of abandonment became a first-class aggressor, creating upheaval throughout the service.Initially, she became aggressive towards patients at the slightest frustration and despite the reinforcement present, finally proceeded to attacking caregivers and the service's referring doctor. Her long stay in the service allowed her to divide the team. the escalation of her violent behaviour and the attack on the doctor finally led us to direct her to the specialised service for difficult patients, but at what price?!The event and the exhausting care of this difficult patient provoked a deep institutional conflict that we have resolved with difficulty. We will present our thoughts on the limits of our role as carers in the care of border-line violent subjects who do not accept the care protocols. We esteem that the collaboration with other educational structures other than psychiatry is important for the management of these difficult clinical cases.The departure of the patient to the specialised service allowed us to take a step back to obtain better cohesion and change her care protocol on her return.
Comparisonal Investigation of Rap Personality Disorder in Youngsters
Authors: Khanmohammadi A. , Homayouni A. , Nikpour G.A. 
Published: March 2009

Introduction:The study examine a new view in personality disorders named Rap disorder. in the domain we compare the youngster with and without disorder. the Rap disorder people are known with unusual hair model, nihilistic and anarchistic thinking, unusual and bizzarre behavior, reading of meaningfulness poet and sings, doing immoral behavior against society norms and so on.Method:Method research is Causative -Comparative (Ex post facto). 200 youngster,100 with the disorder and 100 without the disorder, were randomly selected and Eysenc's Personality Questionnaire (EPQ) was administered on them.Results:Findings showed the Rap youngster are high in extroversion and emotional instability than normal youngster.Discussion:It is recommended that the appropriate behavior education specially moral and religious education can avoid tendency to this behavior disorder and reduce the bad effects of the behavior in society.
Personality and Crime: Developing a Personality Profile for Criminal People
Authors: Khanmohammadi A. , Kalantarian M. , Alipour F. , Kordekheyli F. Mohammadi 
Published: March 2009

Introduction and aim:A review of available evidence indicate that crime features depend on many and variable factor. for example psychological, environmental, personality cal and so on. in psychology and psychiatry it seems personality plays important role in tendency to crime. So we aim to develop a personality profile for our crime sample. So we aim to develop a personality profile for our criminal sample.Method:38 male with history of crime and sent to jail were randomly selected and Eysence's Personality Questionnaire was administered on them. the questionnaire assesses personality on four dimension: Extroversion, Introversion, Neuroticism and lie detector.Results:Result showed the criminals have high score in Neuroticism and Extroversion and their profile shows critical situations that need treatment interventions.Conclusion:It is recommended to plan psychiatric interventions to reduce level of Neuroticism in them and direct them to better and social behavior.
“organic Personality Disorder” as Part of Early Neuropsychiatric Manifestations in Huntington’s Disease - a Case Report
Authors: Maia J. 
Published: March 2009

Huntington's Disease (HD) is an inherited autosomal dominant disorder characterized by motor, cognitive and psychiatric symptomatology, being considered a paradigmatic neuropsychiatric disorder that includes all three components of the "Triadic Syndromes": dyskinesia, dementia and depression.Firstly described in 1872 as an "Hereditary Chorea" by George Huntington only in 1993 was its responsible gene identified. A person who inherits the HD gene will sooner or later develop the disease. the age of onset, early signs and rate of disease progression vary greatly from person to person.Neuropsychiatric symptoms are an integral part of HD and have been considered the earliest markers of the disease, presenting sometimes more than 10 years before a formal diagnosis is done. Patients may experience dysphoria, mood swings, agitation, irritability, hostile outbursts, psychotic symptoms and deep bouts of depression with suicidal ideation. Personality change is reported in 48% of the cases, with the paranoid subtype being described as the most prevalent. the clinical case presented illustrates a case of HD which started with insidious psychiatric symptoms and an important personality change.Despite a wide number of medications being prescribed to help control emotional, movement and behaviour problems, there is still no treatment to stop or reverse the course of the disease. Furthermore, psychiatric manifestations are often amenable to treatment, and relief of these symptoms may provide significant improvement in patient's and caregivers quality of life.A greater awarness of psychiatric manifestations of HD is essential to an earlier diagnosis and an optimized therapeutic approach.
Personal Disorders in Local Wars Participants with and Without Headache
Authors: Mikhaylova E. 
Published: March 2009

It's known that personal disorders is very often pathology in local wars participants.The aim of the current research was to study how the chronic pain syndrome (headache) influence to personality.Materials:162 patients (only men) had been investigated. They are divided into two groups according to age and local war in which they had got taking part: first group - the participants of Afghanistan's war (84 men, middle age 46,3±1,38), and second one - the participants of local war in Chechnya (78 men, middle age 32,7±1,54).We used Leonhard's questionnaire to reveal the character's accentuation and second edition of International headache classification to determine headache type.Results:It seems that 113 patients suffer from cephalgia. Another 49 was a control. During the investigation of headache syndrome structure we have shown that most often patients suffer from posttraumatic headache (PH) - 61 men, and tension-type of headache (TTH) - 33 men.The number of men having got 18 and more in one or several scales of Leonhard's questionnaire is reliable more in the first group both for PH (85,7% and 69,2%) and TTH (85,7% and 68,9%). There were no differences between headache subgroups. But in patients from control group (without headache) the expression of personality changes did not increase during the age (69,6% in first group, 73,1% in second). So chronic pain may be a risk factor for decompensation of personality changes.
Neurocognitive Basis of Impulsivity in Personality Disorders [P03-83]
Authors: Mudholkar S. 
Published: March 2009

Aim:1.Whether patients with personality disorders of borderline and antisocial type have a specific pattern of neurocognitive deficits.2.Whether impulsivity measured with clinical rating scales is related with performance on neuropsychological tests of risk taking which is sensitive to ventrofrontal cortex lesions.Method:20 patients and their age, sex and IQ matched controls participated in the study. Each patient and control was administered validated clinical rating scales in order to:1.Ascertain the diagnosis with respect to DSM-IV criteria (Structured Clinical Interview for DSM: Personality Disorder.2.Obtain a measure of clinical impulsivity (Barratt Impulsiveness scale).3.Ascertain the presence of heritable personality traits (Dimensional Aspects of Personality Pathology Disorder-Basic Questionnaire).4.Exclude other major psychiatric disorders (Clinical Psychopathology Rating Scale).They were administered National Adult Reading Test (NART) to estimate IQ.A battery of neuropsychological tests of memory and executive function specifically sensitive to frontal (dorsal or ventral) or temporal lobe damage were administered from Cambridge Automated Neuropsychological Test battery (CANTAB).Results:On Neuropsychological testing patients fared poorly on tests sensitive to planning and risk taking compared to controls. Patients had high mean scores on Barratt impulsiveness scale. the high scores were associated with performance on Tower of London, Bechara test and paired associated learning. Impulsivity was associated with anxiousness and rejection traits of DAPP-BQ. There was a co-relation between some basic dispositional traits of DAPP-BQ with performance on Bechara, Gambling and Paired Associated Learning tests.Conclusion:Personality disordered patients show broad range of neurocognitive deficits on test s sensitive to frontal cortex.