bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Amalgam and composite resin as an alternative to crown and bridgework in the rehabilitation of an extensively debilitated dentition. Case report
Authors: Roessler David M. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractA less expensive alternative to alloy‐ceramic crown and bridgework is presented. The aetiology and effects of the extensively debilitated dentition and a treatment rationale are briefly reviewed. A report of the technique and the result of one clinical case then follows.
Maxillary nerve block anaesthesia via the greater palatine canal: A modified technique and case reports
Authors: Wong John D. , Sved Anthony M. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractA modification of the technique of maxillary nerve block (via the greater palatine canal) is discussed. This technique has been employed in the Exodontia and Oral Surgery Clinics of the United Dental Hospital of Sydney for more than 40 years. Clinical experience in that time has shown that once the greater palatine canal has been negotiated successfully, the palatal canal approach to the maxillary nerve is safe and reliable.The value of being able to anaesthetize the maxillary nerve and its branches is illustrated by the presentation of two clinical cases where local anaesthesia was achieved and the extractions performed in patients who would otherwise have required a general anaesthetic for the procedures.
Cephalometric errors: A comparison between repeat measurements and retaken radiographs
Authors: Cooke Michael S. , Wei Stephen H. Y. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractThis study compares landmark location errors in cephalometric radiography (when re‐measuring radiographs) and radiographic errors (when retaking the radiograph). The samples comprised 32 remeasured and re‐digitized radiographs and a further series of 22 retaken radiographs drawn from the same overall sample of 12‐year‐old Chinese children in Hong Kong. All radiographs were recorded in natural head posture with the lips in light contact.The relative size of the errors were assessed by calculating the ‘error percentage’ for both selected dento‐skeletal and soft tissue profile measures. It is suggested that this index is clinically more meaningful than the usually used ‘method error’. It expresses the variance of the method error (me2) as a percentage of the variance of the measurement under study (standard deviation2).This error percentage was found to be doubled, on average, for measurements on the retaken radiographs. In general, measures with most landmarks in the mid‐sagittal plane showed the least increase in percentage error. The results suggest that errors arising from retaking cephalometric radiographs may effectively be greater than those usually reported. The Frankfort plane, the functional occlusal plane and the incisor long axes displayed poor reproducibility. For the soft tissues the lips served as poor angular landmarks and relatively acute angles with short ‘arms’ also displayed large errors.
The range of functional mandibular movement in bruxists. 2. Materials and method
Authors: Faulkner Keith D. B. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractPart 2 of this investigation of the range of functional mandibular movement of bruxists consists of the examination (via history, questionnaire and clinical observation) and recording of the mandibular movement of a variety of subjects, non‐bruxist and bruxist.
Comparison between two Procion dyes and Alizarin Red to assess marginal leakage in resin restorations. A laboratory study
Authors: Gage J. P. , Clarke D. F. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractTo assess the width of the gaps that may occur in resin restorations bonded to dentine, buccal and lingual cavities were prepared in 18 caries‐ and restoration‐free extracted molar teeth. All teeth were restored with composite resin. Nine of the teeth were then thermocycled for five hours. All teeth were stained with 0.5 per cent, 1.0 per cent or 1.5 per cent solutions of chloro‐s‐triazinyl dyes (Reactive Red and Reactive Orange 14) or Alizarin Red in order to assess the effectiveness of each stain in detecting marginal leakage. Quantitative assessment indicated that Reactive Orange 14 was superior to the other two stains as it more clearly defined the marginal gaps of the restorations. This superiority was evident for both thermocycled and non‐thermocycled teeth.
Minimal morbidity in outpatients undergoing oral surgical procedures under general anaesthesia in the dental surgery
Authors: Hempenstall P. D. , de Plater R. M. H. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractEconomic pressures have resulted in an increased demand for surgical treatment under general anaesthesia on an outpatient basis. Previous studies have reported a high incidence of severe morbidity associated with general anaesthesia in both general dentistry and oral surgery. This is particularly marked with dento‐alveolar procedures.The ready availability of relatively inexpensive monitoring equipment together with upgraded standards recently announced by various authorities necessitates that all practitioners review their current practices in the areas of sedation and general anaesthesia.In addition to the ultimate importance of patient care and safety, the increased incidence of litigation leaves no latitude for complacency.This paper details a relatively simple, cost‐effective general anaesthetic technique suitable for outpatient oral surgical procedures in the dental surgery in which all relevant recommendations at the time of writing were observed or exceeded.Associated morbidity was considerably less than previosuly reported, with a high degree of patient satisfaction.
A ten‐year follow‐up case report following surgical correction of anterior open bite
Authors: Lew K. K. K. , Loh H. S. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractA case is reported whereby an anterior open‐bite was treated with the Köle osteotomy in an adult Chinese girl. This study documents cephalometrically the post‐treatment changes occurring in the dento‐alveolar complex over a ten year follow‐up period and describes the possible mechanisms contributing to the remarkable stability of the open‐bite correction.
Normative dental treatment needs of Alzheimer patients
Authors: Chapman P. J. , Shaw R. M. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractThe results of this survey show that the dental needs of non‐institutionalized Alzheimer patients are quite high — three out of four requiring dental treatment. This concurs with the results of the only other similar study published. Physicians should be made aware of the extent of the problem and the importance of advising dental referral soon after a patient is diagnosed.
Endurance of jaw elevator muscles during cementation of a single molar crown
Authors: Shepherd B. G. , McNamara D. C. , Henry P. J. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractMuscle activity of four jaw‐closing muscles was monitored in 19 healthy subjects by EMG, under conditions associated with cementation of a crown restoration. Each subject performed two maximum voluntary contractions (MVC), each of two minutes duration, separated by a thirty‐minute time interval. There was no visual feedback of muscle activity. Local analgesia, psychologic reinforcement and actual cementation were other conditions tested. All muscles fatigued as a function of time. For this experimental procedure the ipselateral muscles demonstrated less endurance than contralateral muscles. Psychologic reinforcement did not alter muscle activity. The effect of local analgesia was inconclusive and requires further investigation.
Dental health of disabled children in Singapore
Authors: Vignehsa H. , Soh G. , Lo G. L. , Chellappah N.K. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractThe oral health status of the disabled has generally been poorer than the general population as the treatment and care afforded to them has been minimal. This paper examines the relationship of the various types of disabilities to dental health status.The dental status of a random sample of 322 disabled children aged between 6 and 18 years was assessed. The children had various disabilities: intellectual, hearing, visual, and musculo‐skeletal. Most differences in the prevalence and severity of the dental conditions assessed among the children in the various disability groups were not significant. However, in comparison with normal schoolchildren aged 6 to 18, the disabled children had higher levels of disease and received less dental attention.
Severe abrasion of composite and amalgam restorations in a patient with Lupus erythematosus systemic. Case report
Authors: Hogan Paul F. , Bryant Roland W. , Klineberg Iven J. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractA case of repeated severe abrasion of amalgam and composite resin restorations in a patient under treatment for Lupus erythematosus systemic is reported. The patient had a history of audible nocturnal bruxism. Severe roughening occurred within three weeks of placement of the restorations and was related precisely to surfaces in contact with the opposing restored dentition. Examination by SEM revealed an unusual wear pattern of the amalgam restorations.
The early development of palatal rugae in the rat
Authors: Thomas C. J. , Rossouw R. J. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractThe palatal rugae in rats are contained in two of three zones of morpho‐differentiation and develop around the time of palatal closure. Previous studies in humans and pigs have been based on crown‐rump lengths but now controlled breeding in rats has allowed exact timing to be established. Twenty‐nine female DB IX rats were fertilized and sacrificed in a controlled procedure and foetuses processed for light microscopy and SEM. Serial sagittal sections were made and stained with haematoxylin and eosin and Verhoef's stains. At day 13 the palate was open and no rugae were visible. At day 14 the palatal shelves had started to migrate medially and the antemolar rugae appeared. At day 15 the palatal shelves were touching and the inter‐molar rugae became visible, and at day 16 fusion was all but complete and the definitive rugal pattern established. The development and differentiation is more advanced than in humans and it is concluded that the rugae probably have a role to play in the oral function of animals whereas in humans they are becoming attenuated and the development timetable is retarded because of redundancy.
Treatment planning in orthodontics and orthognathic surgery: the significance of tooth inclination and dental compensations
Authors: Jacobs Stanley G. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractThe scope of orthodontic treatment is examined and the importance of the initial tooth inclinations and skeletal base relationships is explained. Dental compensations which occur in all three planes of space are discussed. Special attention is given to the importance of dental compensations in the antero‐posterior plane in orthognathic surgery treatment planning. There is a necessity for early definitive decision‐making in the borderline orthognathic surgery patient and the role of orthodontic camouflage is pointed out. Case selection for treatment with removable appliances is explored.
Cervical enamel projections in Chinese first permanent molars*
Authors: Zee Kwan Yat , Chiu Mei Ling Bonnie , Holmgren Christopher J. , Walker Richard T. , Corbet Esmonde F. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractCervical enamel projections in relation to molar furcations may act as predisposing factors in periodontal attachment loss. Limited data are available documenting these features in Chinese teeth. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence and distribution in a sample of first permanent molars from Hong Kong Chinese. Three hundred and sixty‐two extracted first molars (194 maxillary, 168 mandibular) were selected from the Prince Philip Dental Hospital tooth collection and examined using a dissection microscope for identification and classification. Cervical enamel projections were identified in 59 per cent of maxillary and 79 per cent of mandibular first molars. Buccal aspects were more frequently involved. Forty‐nine per cent were Grade III (extending to the furcation area); over one‐ half were particularly slender while 18 per cent were discontinuous. A modification to the classification system is proposed in order to delineate these features in future studies.
Clinical evaluation of four composite resins in posterior teeth. Five‐year results
Authors: Tyas M. J. , Wassenaar P. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractFour different composite resins (three small particle and one microfill) were placed in 106 posterior teeth and followed over a five‐year period. Colour and marginal discoloration characteristics were assessed from standard photographs, and wear evaluated by standardized measurement of cavity wall exposure and scanning electron microscopy of replicas. The colour of the materials changed, but not to an unacceptable degree, over the five‐year period, and marginal discoloration increased slightly. The wear rate of the four materials was similar, and appeared to decrease after about 2–4 years. Some materials exhibited surface damage, and some of the microfill restorations failed catastrophically.
The treatment of facial disharmony and malocclusion by jaw surgery. Case reports
Authors: Barker J. H. , Brown T. , David D. J. , Nugent M. A. C. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractExamples are given of the Australian Cranio‐Facial Unit's methods of dealing with facial disharmony and malocclusion by orthognathic surgery. Members of the Unit specialize in different aspects of craniofacial structure and function, and their teamwork is described. Treatment planning and assessment are illustrated by traditional cephalometric and other analytical procedures, and by pattern profile analysis. An appraisal is made of the Unit's increasing use of computer technology to facilitate these analyses, and to integrate various sources of information about facial disharmony.
Replacement of low copper amalgams by a group of general dental practitioners
Authors: Cheetham J. D. , Makinson O. F. , Dawson A. S. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractThe replacement of low copper amalgams was studied in a number of general practices in Adelaide in 1975 duplicating, by design, the method of a similar Canadian study. The results of this study are in surprising agreement with the Canadian data, and are still relevant to modern practice as the high copper alloys have not proven to have greatly superior longevity.This study involved 60 dentists who, over 271 working days, replaced an average of 6.7 amalgam surfaces/dentist/day. This is equivalent to 1541 amalgam surfaces replaced/dentist/year. In addition, the reasons given for the removal of existing amalgam restorations were closely congruent with those given by the Canadian dentists.This study also indicated that many of these restorations increased in size. This is evident through restorations extending from two surfaces to involve three surfaces.
A clinical technique for the formation of crown cores: the Core Mould
Authors: Knapp M. W. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractThe use of moulds to facilitate the placement and formation of cores on broken‐down teeth prior to crown construction is described. The moulds are made of a transparent thermoplastic material and are designed in a number of configurations according to the tooth to be restored. They produce cores of a predetermined taper and an axially corrugated surface.
Mongoloid features of the permanent mandibular second molar in Singaporean Chinese
Authors: Loh H. S. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractThe permanent mandibular second molar is usually described as four‐cusped, two placed buccally and two lingually. It has been reported that five‐cusp forms were more commonly present in dentitions of mongoloid origin. The prevalence and features of this tooth form were examined in a Singaporean sample of 380 subjects with bilateral presence of the mandibular second molars. One‐hundred and sixty four cases (43.1 per cent) were found to have bilateral occurrence of five‐cusp forms and thirty‐four cases (8.9 per cent) with unilateral occurrence. Six‐cusp forms were detected in three cases. There was almost equal prevalence in both sexes and both sides were equally involved in unilateral cases. The extra cusp was smallest, placed disto‐buccally and sometimes midway at the distal border. The occlusal outline of five‐cusp second molars was rectangular with a somewhat similar groove pattern to the first molar. There was an increase in the mesio‐distal width of the crown. The high incidence was comparable with other studies of mongoloid dentitions and it could be considered as an important morphological and racial characteristic of the Singaporean Chinese.
Direct posterior composite resin restorations: A review. 2. Clinical technique
Authors: Bryant Roland W. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractDespite the increased use of composite resin to restore posterior teeth, there is evidence that clinicians should be selective in their use of these restorations.This paper describes the clinical technique — preparatory procedures, preparation of the cavity, preparation for placement of composite resin, placement of composite resin and finishing of the restoration — for the relatively conservative use of composite resin in posterior teeth and reviews the literature to discuss briefly many of the controversial aspects of the technique.
Microleakage of glass ionomer/composite resin restorations: a laboratory study. Part 2. The influence of bonding systems
Authors: Martin F. Elizabeth , Smith E. Dell Kingsford , Andrews Nectarios 
Published: May 2009

AbstractAcid‐etching and bonding of composite resin to bevelled enamel margins has been reported to produce a reliable seal. However, achieving a seal with dentine and cementum margins is more difficult. Four different dentine bonding systems were used in combination with Silux composite resin to restore cervical cavities in vitro.None of the bonding systems used completely sealed either the occlusal or gingival margins. Of the four systems, GLUMA provided the best seal at both the occlusal and gingival margins.
Restoration longevity in an Australian Defence Force population
Authors: Dawson Squadron Leader A. S. , Smales R. J. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractReplacement of restorations comprises a considerable portion of the work of most dentists. Consequently, factors that affect restoration longevity can influence the pattern of dental practice in a given community. Based on the results of research into treatment provision in the General Dental Service in Scotland, it was considered possible that factors such as the frequency with which patients were examined, and the frequency with which they changed dentists, might influence restoration longevity in other populations. Therefore, the present study was initiated to investigate the effects of these two factors in a population of 100 long‐term members of the Royal Australian Air Force. No statistically significant relationship could be found between examination frequency, or frequent changes in dental practitioner, and restoration longevity. It is proposed that the large differences found in restoration longevity between this study and the Scottish study upon which it was based, may be due in part to the differing modes of remuneration of the dentists in the two studies.
Emigration tendencies among Hong Kong Chinese dentists — 1990
Authors: Corbet E. F. , Davies W. I. R. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractA postal questionnaire survey was conducted in April‐May 1990 among 1223 Hong Kong Chinese dentists resident in Hong Kong to ascertain their plans for emigration from the Territory, as there were no data on emigration trends among dentists. A response rate of 47 per cent was obtained. Only 7 per cent of respondents definitely did not plan to emigrate and 47 per cent planned definitely or hopefully to emigrate, mostly in the years prior to 1997. Canada, Australia and the United States of America were the destinations most commonly cited by those planning to emigrate, and only one‐quarter of these have any plans to return to Hong Kong. It was concluded that the emigration and return of Hong Kong dentists would influence workforce planning in the territory, and thus should be monitored.
Survey of dental practice/dental education in Victoria. Part V. One‐year follow‐up survey of 1988 graduating class
Authors: Stewart Barry L. , Macmillan Cleo H. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractA follow‐up survey of the 1988 graduating class was carried out in order to compare views of the same cohort after 12 months of dental practice. The most significant finding was that there were few changes in opinion in respect to those subjects where 60 per cent or more respondents in the 1988 survey had judged the practical and/or theoretical components to have too little emphasis. These included fixed prosthodontics, occlusion, orthodontics, endodontics, aesthetic dentistry, oral surgery, conservative dentistry and care of the special patient. Recent changes to the undergraduate curriculum were highlighted and the need for further development in continuing education courses was re‐emphasized.
The adverse effects of dental restorative materials — a review
Authors: Mongkolnam Paitoon 
Published: May 2009

AbstractSeveral materials used in dentistry are described as biomaterials. Owing to the intimate contact of these materials with the oral tissues, they should possess a high degree of biocompatibility. However, some materials may exhibit adverse effects, causing both local and general pathological changes, even though the occurrence seems to be relatively low. It is, therefore, the dentist's responsibility to be aware of the potential adverse effects of these materials and to take precautions to protect the patient from such effects. The purpose of this article is to review the potential adverse effects of some commonly used restorative materials, mainly with regard to patients.
Acrylic resins reinforced with highly drawn linear polyethylene woven fibres. 1. Construction of upper denture bases
Authors: Clarke D. A. , Ladizesky N. H. , Chow T. W. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractThis paper presents a detailed description of the construction of complete acrylic upper dentures reinforced with highly drawn linear polyethylene fibres. The work forms part of a continuing project to elucidate the properties and potential of the new system.
Reducing the incidence of palatally impacted maxillary canines by extraction of deciduous canines: a useful preventive/interceptive orthodontic procedure. Case reports
Authors: Jacobs Stanley G. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractThe early detection of palatally impacted permanent maxillary canines is stressed. Appropriate radiographs to determine impactions are suggested and removal of deciduous canines to eliminate impactions in patients who have good dental arches with no space deficiency is recommended. Two case histories are presented to illustrate the method.
The use of role‐play and psychodrama in the education of the dental undergraduate
Authors: Cheung Garry S. P. , Dimmer Anne , Walker Richard T. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractThe delivery of effective information flow through self learning, critical thinking and problem solving is one of the objectives of current curriculum development within the Dental Faculty of the University of Hong Kong. These objectives reflect a desire to encourage skills related to ‘comprehension learning’ and ‘meaning orientation’ rather than ‘rote’ learning and ‘surface’ approaches. This paper explains the way in which role‐play and psychodrama are used in an effort to achieve these objectives.
Oral submucous fibrosis. Case report and review of the literature
Authors: Oliver A. J. , Radden B. G. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractA case history and brief literature review of oral submucous fibrosis is presented. This condition is most frequently found in the Indian subcontinent and only rarely encountered elsewhere. The aetiology is considered to be related to dietary habits and customs found in the population. The condition has a known malignant potential.With increasing migration to Australia from the Indian subcontinent the condition should be known and recognized by clinicians.