bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
328 SINGLE PORT ROBOTIC AREOLAR APPROACH THYROIDECTOMY (SPRA): INITIAL EXPERIENCE OF 100-CASES
Authors: Lee S 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background
The single port robotic areolar approach thyroidectomy (SPRA) is a surgical method that removes a thyroid tumor through an incision in the patient’s areola on one side using the da Vinci SP robot system. It is a minimally invasive surgery that reduces the area of detachment under the skin by more than 50% compared to the currently popular bilateral axillo-breast approach (BABA) robotic thyroidectomy.

Methods
This study included 100 patients who underwent SPRA at our institution between December 2022 and November 2023 by single surgeon.

Results
The mean patient age was 42.9±11.6(range, 20-67) years and the mean body-mass index was 23.7±3.4kg/m2(range, 16.4-35.2). The operation types were as follows: total thyroidectomy with or without neck dissection (n=13), lobectomy (n=Rt:52, Lt:32), isthmusectomy (n=2), and completion thyroidectomy (n=1). The mean operation time was 109.6±27.4(range, 75-195). There were no cases of conversion to open surgery. There were no intraoperative complications and two cases of postoperative complications, including bleeding with reoperation in 1 case, and wound complication in one case.

Conclusions
SPRA robotic thyroidectomy is safe and efficient to be performed in patient with thyroid tumor. Most of the complications were minor and transient, and the mean operation time was similar to previously reported robotic thyroidectomy. SPRA can be considered as a surgical option for the da Vinci SP robotic system using the areola.
188 THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN POSTOPERATIVE PARATHORMONE SUPPRESSION AND SURGICAL CURE IN PRIMARY HYPERPARATHYROIDISM
Authors: Unlu M T , Kostek M , Caliskan O , Aygun N , Uludag M 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background
In primary hyperparathyroidism (pHPT), suppression over other glands due to autonomy of pathological gland is frequently observed. In this study, we aimed to evaluate contribution of suppression of remaining parathyroid glands in pHPT for predicting surgical cure.

Methods
202 pHPT patients who underwent focused surgery or unilateral exploration were included. Patients were divided into 2 groups: patients with suppression at 6th hour(group1)(PTH&lt;15ng/L) and without suppression(group2). Hypercalcemia continuing till 6 months was defined as persistent disease(pPHPT); achieving normocalcemia at 6 months was defined as cure. Group1 and 2 were compared regarding preoperative and early postoperative biochemical findings, imaging features, and pPHPT development. Significant features obtained from univariate analysis were evaluated using multivariate analysis for pPHPT.

Results
The rate of pPHPT was detected significantly higher in group2 compared to group1 (18 of 78 (23.1%) vs. 7 of 124 (5.6%); p&lt;0.001; OR 5.014(95%CI:1.985-12.669)). Only PTH suppression was determined as a significant independent risk factor in predicting cure(OR:0.191(95%CI:0.072-0.507); p=0.001)). PTH value below 17.8 ng/L at postoperative 6th hour could predict cure with 72.9% sensitivity and 72% specificity.

Conclusions
Early postoperative PTH suppression is highly associated with cure. The rate of pPHPT is significantly higher in non-suppressed group. Although hypercalcemia can cause PTH suppression over both sleeping pathological glands and normal glands, its suppression over the remnant sleeping parathyroid glands is less significant. Thus, in follow-up strategies, it should be considered that the possibility of potential pathological sleeping parathyroid tumor leading to pPHPT is high in patients without early PTH suppression.
Gene therapy with phosphodiesterases 2A and 4B ameliorates heart failure and arrhythmias by improving subcellular cAMP compartmentation
Authors: Pavlaki Nikoleta , Froese Alexander , Li Wener , De Jong Kirstie A , Geertz Birgit , Subramanian Hariharan , Mohagaonkar Sanika , Luo Xiaojing , Schubert Mario , Wiegmann Robert , Margaria Jean Piero , Ghigo Alessandra , Kämmerer Susanne , Hirsch Emilio , El-Armouche Ali , Guan Kaomei , Nikolaev Viacheslav O 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Aims
Gene therapy with cardiac phosphodiesterases (PDEs), such as phosphodiesterase 4B (PDE4B), has recently been described to effectively prevent heart failure (HF) in mice. However, exact molecular mechanisms of its beneficial effects, apart from general lowering of cardiomyocyte cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) levels, have not been elucidated. Here, we studied whether gene therapy with two types of PDEs, namely PDE2A and PDE4B, can prevent pressure-overload-induced HF in mice by acting on and restoring altered cAMP compartmentation in distinct subcellular microdomains.

Methods and results
HF was induced by transverse aortic constriction followed by tail-vein injection of adeno-associated-virus type 9 vectors to overexpress PDE2A3, PDE4B3, or luciferase for 8 weeks. Heart morphology and function was assessed by echocardiography and histology which showed that PDE2A and especially PDE4B gene therapy could attenuate cardiac hypertrophy, fibrosis, and decline of contractile function. Live cell imaging using targeted cAMP biosensors showed that PDE overexpression restored altered cAMP compartmentation in microdomains associated with ryanodine receptor type 2 (RyR2) and caveolin-rich plasma membrane. This was accompanied by ameliorated caveolin-3 decline after PDE2A3 overexpression, reduced RyR2 phosphorylation in PDE4B3 overexpressing hearts, and antiarrhythmic effects of both PDEs measured under isoproterenol stimulation in single cells. Strong association of overexpressed PDE4B but not PDE2A with RyR2 microdomain could prevent calcium leak and arrhythmias in human-induced pluripotent stem-derived cardiomyocytes with the A2254V mutation in RyR2 causing catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia.

Conclusion
Our data indicate that gene therapy with phosphodiesterases can prevent HF including associated cardiac remodelling and arrhythmias by restoring altered cAMP compartmentation in functionally relevant subcellular microdomains.
Implementing automated Medicaid eligibility renewals was not associated with higher levels of program participation
Authors: Nelson Daniel B , Singer Phillip M , Fung Vicki 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Increasing participation in Medicaid among eligible individuals is critical for improving access to care among low-income populations. The administrative burdens of enrolling and renewing eligibility are a major barrier to participation. To reduce these burdens, the Affordable Care Act required states to adopt automated renewal processes that use available databases to verify ongoing eligibility. By 2019, nearly all states adopted automated renewals, but little is known about how this policy affected Medicaid participation rates. Using the 2015–2019 American Community Survey, we found that participation rates among nondisabled, nonelderly adults and children varied widely by state, with an average of 70.8% and 90.7%, respectively. Among Medicaid-eligible adults, participation was lower among younger adults, males, unmarried individuals, childless households, and those living in non-expansion states compared with their counterparts. State adoption of automated renewals varied over time, but participation rates were not associated with adoption. This finding could reflect limitations to current automated renewal processes or barriers to participation outside of the eligibility renewal process, which will be important to address as additional states expand Medicaid and pandemic-era protections on enrollment expire.
PSMC5 insufficiency and P320R mutation impair proteasome function
Authors: Yu Zhong-Qiu , Carmichael Jenny , Collins Galen A , D'Agostino Maria Daniela , Lessard Mathieu , Firth Helen V , Harijan Pooja , Fry Andrew E , Dean John , Zhang Jiuchun , Kini Usha , Goldberg Alfred L , Rubinsztein David C 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The ubiquitin-proteasome system mediates the degradation of a wide variety of proteins. Proteasome dysfunction is associated with neurodegenerative diseases and neurodevelopmental disorders in humans. Here we identified mutations in PSMC5, an AAA ATPase subunit of the proteasome 19S regulatory particle, in individuals with neurodevelopmental disorders, which were initially considered as variants of unknown significance. We have now found heterozygotes with the following mutations: P320R (6 individuals), R325W, Q160A, and one nonsense mutation at Q69. We focused on understanding the functional consequence of PSMC5 insufficiency and the P320R mutation in cells and found that both impair proteasome function and activate apoptosis. Interestingly, the P320R mutation impairs proteasome function by weakening the association between the 19S regulatory particle and the 20S core particle. Our study supports that proteasome dysfunction is the pathogenic cause of neurodevelopmental disorders in individuals carrying PSMC5 variants.
A clinical nomogram for predicting occult lymph node metastasis in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer ≤2 cm
Authors: Ai Jiangshan , Gao Huijiang , Shi Guodong , Lan Yaliang , Hu Shiyu , Wang Zhaofeng , Liu Lin , Wei Yucheng 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
Sublobar resection has been shown to be feasible for non-small-cell lung cancers (NSCLC) &lt;2 cm in size based on several prospective studies. However, the prognosis of clinical N0 patients who experience an N-stage upgrade after surgery [known as occult lymph node metastasis (OLM)] may be worse. The ability of predict OLM in patients eligible for sublobar resection remains a controversial issue.

METHODS
Patients with NSCLC ≤2 cm in diameter and containing a solid component who underwent surgical treatment at the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University were retrospectively enrolled, and 1:1 case matching was performed. The risk factors were identified through logistic regression analyses and theoretical criteria, followed by the development of a nomogram that was evaluated using 200 iterations of 10-fold cross-validation.

RESULTS
After case matching, 130 pairs of patients were selected for modelling. According to the multivariable logistic regression analysis, the carcinoembryonic antigen level, consolidation tumour ratio, mean computed tomography number and tumour margin were included in the nomogram. The cross-validated average area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was found to be 0.86. Furthermore, calibration curve and decision curve analyses demonstrated the excellent predictive accuracy and clinical utility of the nomogram respectively.

CONCLUSIONS
By utilizing accessible characteristics, we developed a nomogram that predicts the probability of OLM in patients with NSCLC ≤2 cm with a solid component. Risk stratification with this nomogram could aid in surgical method decision-making.

Clinical registration number
Not applicable.
Azithromycin resistance in Escherichia coli and Salmonella from food-producing animals and meat in Europe
Authors: Ivanova Mirena , Ovsepian Armen , Leekitcharoenphon Pimlapas , Seyfarth Anne Mette , Mordhorst Hanne , Otani Saria , Koeberl-Jelovcan Sandra , Milanov Mihail , Kompes Gordan , Liapi Maria , Černý Tomáš , Vester Camilla Thougaard , Perrin-Guyomard Agnès , Hammerl Jens A , Grobbel Mirjam , Valkanou Eleni , Jánosi Szilárd , Slowey Rosemarie , Alba Patricia , Carfora Virginia , Avsejenko Jelena , Pereckiene Asta , Claude Dominique , Zerafa Renato , Veldman Kees T , Boland Cécile , Garcia-Graells Cristina , Wattiau Pierre , Butaye Patrick , Zając Magdalena , Amaro Ana , Clemente Lurdes , Vaduva Angela M , Romascu Luminita-Maria , Milita Nicoleta-Manuela , Mojžišová Andrea , Zdovc Irena , Escribano Maria Jesús Zamora , De Frutos Escobar Cristina , Overesch Gudrun , Teale Christopher , Loneragan Guy H , Guerra Beatriz , Beloeil Pierre Alexandre , Brown Amanda M V , Hendriksen Rene S , Bortolaia Valeria , Kjeldgaard Jette Sejer 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Objectives
To characterize the genetic basis of azithromycin resistance in Escherichia coli and Salmonella collected within the EU harmonized antimicrobial resistance (AMR) surveillance programme in 2014–18 and the Danish AMR surveillance programme in 2016–19.

Methods
WGS data of 1007 E. coli [165 azithromycin resistant (MIC &gt; 16 mg/L)] and 269 Salmonella [29 azithromycin resistant (MIC &gt; 16 mg/L)] were screened for acquired macrolide resistance genes and mutations in rplDV, 23S rRNA and acrB genes using ResFinder v4.0, AMRFinder Plus and custom scripts. Genotype–phenotype concordance was determined for all isolates. Transferability of mef(C)-mph(G)-carrying plasmids was assessed by conjugation experiments.

Results
mph(A), mph(B), mef(B), erm(B) and mef(C)-mph(G) were detected in E. coli and Salmonella, whereas erm(C), erm(42), ere(A) and mph(E)-msr(E) were detected in E. coli only. The presence of macrolide resistance genes, alone or in combination, was concordant with the azithromycin-resistant phenotype in 69% of isolates. Distinct mph(A) operon structures were observed in azithromycin-susceptible (n = 50) and -resistant (n = 136) isolates. mef(C)-mph(G) were detected in porcine and bovine E. coli and in porcine Salmonella enterica serovar Derby and Salmonella enterica 1,4, [5],12:i:-, flanked downstream by ISCR2 or TnAs1 and associated with IncIγ and IncFII plasmids.

Conclusions
Diverse azithromycin resistance genes were detected in E. coli and Salmonella from food-producing animals and meat in Europe. Azithromycin resistance genes mef(C)-mph(G) and erm(42) appear to be emerging primarily in porcine E. coli isolates. The identification of distinct mph(A) operon structures in susceptible and resistant isolates increases the predictive power of WGS-based methods for in silico detection of azithromycin resistance in Enterobacterales.
Comparison of an Unlabeled Probe High-Resolution Melting Analysis Assay (HRMA) for Factor V Leiden 1691 G/A Mutation to a Fluorogenic 5′ Nuclease PCR Hydrolysis Assay
Authors: Han Heping , Lewis Sally 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background
The clinically significant Factor V Leiden (FVL) point mutation (1691 G/A) causes replacement of Arg with Gln (glutamine), preventing activated protein C from inactivating Factor V leading to a lengthened clotting process. Individuals with the Factor V Leiden mutations have an increased risk for venous thrombosis. The aim of this study is to compare an unlabeled probe high-resolution melting analysis (HRMA) assay for Factor V Leiden mutation to a TaqMan hydrolysis assay (fluorogenic 5’ nuclease PCR hydrolysis assay). HRMA is a post-PCR, homogenous, closed-tube system for the detection of sequence variants. Post-PCR, the amplicons are heated gradually until the melting temperature is reached and the fluorescent dye unbinds from the amplicon and exhibits low fluorescence. A melt-curve analysis is generated that is characteristic of a particular sequence variant. Therefore, HRMA allows for comparison of one base changes in genetic sequences based on their differences in melting rate.

Methods
Blood samples were collected in EDTA tubes and DNA extracted using the Roche MagNaPure. Reactions of both HRMA and TaqMan were carried out on 3 controls (1691 G/G, 1691 G/A, and 1691 G/G and G/A) and 20 samples.

Results
The genotypes for 3 reference controls purchased from Coriell (F5 1691 G/G, FVL 1691 G/A, and Heterozygote 1691 G/G and G/A) were confirmed by both the HRMA and TaqMan FVL assays. All 20 samples were confirmed to be F5 1691 G/G by both HRMA and TaqMan assays.

Conclusions
Comparing the results of the unlabeled probe HRMA FVL assay with a real-time TaqMan probe end point genotyping assay resulted in 100% sensitivity and 100% specificity for both assays.
W. E. B. Du Bois’s Theorization of Racialized Subjectivity
Authors: Brown Karida L. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
This chapter explores the pioneering work of W. E. B. Du Bois on the theory of racialized subjectivity, elucidating how his conceptualizations still inform current sociological thought. Du Bois’s emphasis on the phenomenological and psychological dimensions of race provided a groundbreaking framework for understanding racialized subjectivity. His unique focus on the interiority of the Self and lived experience as tools for analyzing race within the socio political structures of racial colonial capitalism established him as a leading figure in this realm. This chapter also draws attention to Du Bois’s nonessentialist perspective on race, highlighting the way societal structures and public opinion shape racialized groups via shared experiences by examining Du Bois’s critical dissection of Whiteness as both a social construct and psychological instrument. Through a close examination of Du Bois’s Black Reconstruction in America, this article emphasizes the continued vitality of Du Boisian perspectives for understanding the interplay between self, society, and race.
Du Bois’s Archives and Multiple Sites of Resources
Authors: Battle-Baptiste Whitney 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The story of the W. E. B. Du Bois archive is the story of a collective effort to return the legacy of William Edward Burghardt Du Bois back to his home in Western Massachusetts. In the early 1970s, changes were happening at UMass Amherst. The numbers of Black students were rising a new department dedicated to Black Studies was established, and there were Black faculty dedicated to Black radical scholarship. For a brief time, the widow of W. E. B. Du Bois, Shirley Graham Du Bois, was a part of the department, and the timing was perfect. The Du Bois papers were in the possession of Graham Du Bois and Randolph Bromery, UMass’s first Black Chancellor. Chancellor Bromery seized the opportunity to bring the legacy of Du Bois to the Amherst campus. This marked the beginning of what would become an archive dedicated to social justice, equity, and inclusion.
Du Bois on the Devastating Consequences of White Supremacy for White Folk
Authors: McLeod Lisa J. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
W. E. B. Du Bois’s lifelong project of serving racial justice is rightly remembered as highlighting and celebrating Black humanity and excellence as well as promoting strategies for overcoming White supremacy. To this end, Du Bois offered a compelling analysis of the structure of White racial identities, showing how the performance of whiteness harms people of color. In providing incisive portraits of White people, both fictional and real, Du Bois demonstrated that White supremacy also has devastating consequences for White people that can be sorted roughly into five categories: (1) complicity with injustice and moral failure; (2) inauthentic relationships, especially with people of color; (3) the inability to accurately perceive themselves, others, or relevant circumstances; (4) material costs, especially as regards class solidarity; and (5) existential fear prompted by the suspicion that White supremacy is fraudulent. These insights are key to Whites and people of color who work to end White supremacy.
South Slavic Women’s Ballads
Authors: Vidan Aida 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
This chapter defines the South Slavic ballad in light of recent research. It discusses its oral formulaic nature, multiformity, mythological layers, and performative aspects as well as its correlation with both the oral epic and printed literature. It further probes the question of ethnic claims over older songs in the course of the last century and proposes diffusion patterns which do not coincide with ethnic distribution but confirm reliance on the building blocks contributed by a multitude of antecedent singers belonging to adjacent language continuums. While analyzing the editions by Vuk Karadžić and Matica hrvatska, as well as the corpus collected by Milman Parry and Albert Lord, the chapter examines not only ballads’ thematic range but also various ethnographic components which elucidate an understanding of the songs and the singers’ art. Finally, it considers the repertoire of several prominent female singers and narrative patterns widely disseminated across genres and time.
How the “Music-Preneur” Is Reshaping Live Music
Authors: Tam Simon 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The music industry is volatile and constantly shifting due to trends and technology that are giving rise to musician-entrepreneurs (“music-preneurs”) who are becoming more independent. This chapter examines the business and law issues of artists who are taking on the responsibilities traditionally fulfilled by managers, booking agents, and promoters. Such music-preneurs are finding new opportunities for income and exposure, leading to new legal issues. Lawyers, the law, and regulatory systems have not caught up with these new realities for music-preneurs. Accordingly, this chapter outlines key areas in need of attention while guiding musicians entering the DIY (do-it-yourself) space on how to avoid common pitfalls and navigate legal and business issues while the legal system catches up.
Psychedelics and Supernatural Agents
Authors: McNamara Patrick , Grafman Jordan 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The authors review the evidence for overlap in neurophysiologic, cognitive, and phenomenological features of REM sleep dreams and the psychedelic state. REM sleep and dreams contribute in complex ways to the phenomenology of both religious experiences and psychedelic experiences via intrusion of components of REM neurophysiology into waking consciousness or the psychedelic state. The cognitive and neurophysiologic factors that predict the appearance of supernatural agents (SAs) in dreams and in the psychedelic state appear to involve in both cases down-regulation of default mode network (DMN) and the associated impairment in the cognitive self-model in dreams or ego dissolution in the psychedelic state. The authors hypothesize that SAs emerge both in the dream and the psychedelic state in order to explain away or resolve uncertainties around impairment in the self-model.
Introduction
Authors: Anderson Luvell , Lepore Ernie 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
What is applied philosophy of language? Your answer to this question will likely depend on how you conceive the difference between applied philosophy and “philosophy proper.” Over the past decade, philosophers of language have increasingly focused on topics that are categorized under the heading “social philosophy of language,” which includes propaganda and ideology, language and gender, and slurs. However, part of our motivation for compiling this handbook is to consider work that draws on more than social and political thought.
The Truth about Slurs
Authors: Jeshion Robin 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Linguistic theories of slurs confront a problem about truth. Identity theories are theories on which slurs and neutral counterparts are co-designating, and sentences containing them are truth-conditionally equivalent to sentences where the slur is replaced by its neutral counterpart. Identity theories immediately lead to disturbing consequences about truth. If slur S designates what its neutral counterpart NC designates, then since ‘there are NCs’ is true, so too is ‘there are Ss’. Pre-theoretically, this consequence appears unacceptable. To many, it appears to manifest bigotry and as such must get the facts wrong. Such consequences are one impetus for non-identity theories: Null extension non-identity theories, like those of Hom and May, on which slurs have an empty extension, and an alternative non-identity theory due to Richard, on which utterances with slurs lack truth value. This chapter offers novel arguments that non-identity theories are not superior accounts of slurs. It advances four conditions on a theory of slurs and argues that null extension non-identity theories are, in principle, unable to satisfy one of them, the Compositionality Condition. It shows why Richard’s rationale for denying truth to slur-containing utterances is unconvincing. Finally, it defends identity theories, especially expressivist versions, from the charge that they cannot accommodate data about Frege’s puzzle, conceivability, and a version of the Frege-Geach puzzle.