bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Early Pleistocene sediments on Store Koldewey, northeast Greenland
Authors: BENNIKE OLE , KNUDSEN KAREN LUISE , ABRAHAMSEN NIELS , BÖCHER JENS , CREMER HOLGER , WAGNER BERND 
Published: March 2010

Bennike, O., Knudsen, K. L., Abrahamsen, N., Böcher, J., Cremer, H. & Wagner, B. 2010: Early Pleistocene sediments on Store Koldewey, northeast Greenland.Boreas, Vol. 39, pp. 603–619. 10.1111/j.1502‐3885.2010.00147.x. ISSN 0300‐9483.Marine Quaternary deposits, here named the Store Koldewey Formation, are found at ∼120 m above sea level in northeast Greenland (76°N). The sequence is referred to the Olduvai normal polarity subchron at 1.95–1.78 Ma BP based on palaeomagnetic studies (palaeomagnetically reversed), amino acid epimerization ratios and evidence from marine and non‐marine fossils. The sediments and the fauna show that the sequence was deposited on a mid or inner shelf, and some elements of the marine mollusc and foraminiferal assemblages indicate water temperatures between −1 and +1 °C and seasonal sea ice cover during deposition. Mean summer air temperatures were around 6 °C higher than at present, as demonstrated by the occurrence of southern extralimital terrestrial species. Well‐preserved remains of land plants indicate that the adjacent land area was dominated by sub‐arctic forest‐tundra with the treesLarixandBetula, shrubs, herbs and mosses. Most of the species represented as fossils have recent circumpolar geographical ranges. An extinct brachiopod species and an extinct gastropod species have been found, but the other macrofossils are referred to extant species. The brachiopod is erected as a new genus and species,Laugekochiana groenlandica. Correlation of the Koldewey Formation with the Île de France Formation farther to the north is suggested. Member A of the Kap København Formation in North Greenland is referred to the Late Pliocene, whereas Member B of the Kap København Formation is suggested to be slightly older than the Store Koldewey Formation.
State of the art and recommendationsKangaroo mother care: application in a high‐tech environment
Authors: Nyqvist KH ,   and an Expert Group of the International Network on Kangaroo Mother Care, Anderson GC , Bergman N , Cattaneo A , Charpak N , Davanzo R , Ewald U , Ludington‐Hoe S , Mendoza S , Pallás‐Allonso C , Peláez JG , Sizun J , Widström A‐M 
Published: March 2010

AbstractSince Kangaroo Mother Care (KMC) was developed in Colombia in the 1970s, two trends in clinical application emerged. In low income settings, the original KMC model is implemented. This consists of continuous (24 h/day, 7 days/week) and prolonged mother/parent–infant skin‐to‐skin contact; early discharge with the infant in the kangaroo position; (ideally) exclusive breastfeeding; and, adequate follow‐up. In affluent settings, intermittent KMC with sessions of one or a few hours skin‐to‐skin contact for a limited period is common. As a result of the increasing evidence of the benefits of KMC for both infants and families in all intensive care settings, KMC in a high‐tech environment was chosen as the topic for the first European Conference on KMC, and the clinical implementation of the KMC model in all types of settings was discussed at the 7th International Workshop on KMC. Kangaroo Mother Care protocols in high‐tech Neonatal Intensive Care Units (NICU) should specify criteria for initiation, kangaroo position, transfer to/from KMC, transport in kangaroo position, kangaroo nutrition, parents’ role, modification of the NICU environment, performance of care in KMC, and KMC in case of infant instability.Conclusion: Implementation of the original KMC method, with continuous skin‐to‐skin contact whenever possible, is recommended for application in high‐tech environments, although scientific evaluation should continue.
The Dose-Dependent Effect of Chronic Administration of Haloperidol, Risperidone, and Quetiapine on Sexual Behavior in the Male Rat
Authors: Zhang Xiang Rong , Zhang Zhi Jun , Jenkins Trisha A. , Cheng Wei Rong , Reynolds Gavin P. 
Published: March 2010

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Antipsychotic drug-induced sexual dysfunction is a common and problematic side effect, which may diminish quality of life and lead to treatment noncompliance. Up to date, there is still a scarcity of basic research regarding the chronic effects of most antipsychotic agents on sexual behavior.

Aim
The present study investigated the effect of a range of doses of three antipsychotic drugs (haloperidol, risperidone, and quetiapine) on male rat sexual competence following chronic administration.

Methods
Twelve groups of Sprague-Dawley rats (n = 7 each) received by gavage haloperidol (0.25, 0.5, or 1 mg/kg), risperidone (0.125, 0.25, or 0.5 mg/kg), quetiapine (10, 20, and 40 mg/kg) or vehicle (distilled water) in the corresponding control groups, respectively, once daily for 21 days. Sexual function was evaluated by the copulatory behavior test 10 hours after the last dose.

Main Outcome Measure
The male rat behavioral parameters of copulatory test.

Results
Sexual function was widely and significantly suppressed by high dose haloperidol (1 mg/kg) after 21 days administration compared with the control group, which included both frequency and latency of intromission and ejaculation. Only ejaculation latency was significantly impaired after administration with 0.5 mg/kg haloperidol. Compared with the control group, high dose risperidone (0.5 mg/kg) significantly decreased the frequency of mounting. There were no significant changes in sexual behavior with the lower doses of either haloperidol or risperidone. Sexual behavior was not influenced by any dose of quetiapine.

Conclusions
Haloperidol and risperidone, but not quetiapine, could impair sexual competence in a dose-related manner in male rats.
Male Sexuality and Cardiovascular Risk. A Cohort Study in Patients with Erectile Dysfunction
Authors: Corona Giovanni , Monami Matteo , Boddi Valentina , Cameron-Smith Michela , Lotti Francesco , De Vita Giulia , Melani Cecilia , Balzi Daniela , Sforza Alessandra , Forti Gianni , Mannucci Edoardo , Maggi Mario 
Published: March 2010

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Although penile blood flow (PBF) has been recommended as an additional diagnostic test in identifying erectile dysfunction (ED) patients at risk for latent cardiovascular disease, no study has ever assessed the possible association of PBF and the relational component of sexual function with incident major cardiovascular events (MACE).

Aim
The aim of this study is to investigate whether severity of ED, PBF, and other factors related to a couple’s relationship predict incident MACE.

Methods
A consecutive series of 1,687 patients was studied. Different clinical, biochemical, and instrumental (penile flow at color Doppler ultrasound) parameters were evaluated.

Main Outcome Measures
Information on MACE was obtained through the City of Florence Registry Office.

Results
During a mean follow-up of 4.3 ± 2.6 years, 139 MACE, 15 of which were fatal, were observed. Cox regression analysis, after adjustment for age and Chronic Disease Score, showed that severe ED predicted MACE (hazard ratio [HR] 1.75; 95% confidence interval 1.10–2.78; P &lt;0.05). In addition, lower PBF, evaluated both in flaccid (before) and dynamic (after prostaglandin-E1 stimulation) conditions, was associated with an increased risk of MACE (HR=2.67 [1.42–5.04] and 1.57 [1.01–2.47], respectively, for flaccid [&lt;13 cm/second] and dynamic [&lt;25 cm/second] peak systolic velocity; both P &lt;0.05). Reported high sexual interest in the partner and low sexual interest in the patient proved to have a protective effect against MACE.

Conclusions
The investigation of male sexuality, and in particular PBF, and sexual desire, could provide insights not only into present cardiovascular status but also into prospective risk.
Molecular Characterization of Three Ethylene Responsive Element Binding Factor Genes from Cotton
Authors: Jin Long‐Guo , Li Hui , Liu Jin‐Yuan 
Published: March 2010

Abstract Ethylene‐responsive factors (ERFs) are important regulators of plant gene expression. In this study, three novel ERF genes, GhERF2, GhERF3 and GhERF6, were isolated from cotton (Gossypium hirstum) using rapid amplification of cDNA ends‐polymerase chain reaction. Transient expression analysis using GhERF‐green fluorescent protein fusions showed that these three proteins were targeted to the nucleus. Fusion proteins consisting of GhERF2, GhERF3 or GhERF6 coupled to the GAL4 DNA binding domain strongly activated transcription in yeast. Furthermore, GhERF6 was shown to be able to bind specifically to GCC boxes using a particle bombardment assay in tobacco cells. Semi‐quantitative reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction revealed that GhERF2 and GhERF3 are constitutively expressed in all organs, while GhERF6 is only constitutively expressed in vegetative organs. When plants were treated with ethylene, abscisic acid, salt, cold and drought, the transcripts of GhERF2, GhERF3 and GhERF6 were rapidly induced to high levels. Promoter analysis also indicated that the 5′ upstream regions of the three genes possess elements induced by these physiological and environmental factors. Collectively, our data suggest that GhERF2, GhERF3 and GhERF6 might function as positive trans‐acting factors in the plant responses to ethylene, abscisic acid and other stresses and provide useful clues for further research into the mechanism of them in regulating cotton multiple stress responses.
Prevention and Care of Stroke in Low- and Middle-Income Countries; the Need for a Public Health Perspective
Authors: Mendis S. 
Published: March 2010

Stroke is a leading public health problem, causing significant disability and premature mortality, particularly in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC). A public health strategy is required for the prevention and care of stroke in LMIC. Although specific estimates are difficult to calculate, increasing cost-effective interventions that reduce cardiovascular risk in the population can have a substantial impact on stroke burden. Public health interventions that address tobacco use, unhealthy diet (salt and transfat), and physical inactivity of the population need to be complemented with equitable stroke services. The main components of an equitable stroke service include: • assessment and management of cardiovascular risk in primary care, • assessment and follow-up of transient ischaemic attack (TIA) patients, • provision of secondary prevention through a primary health care approach, • education of the public, health care staff and patients with stroke, • equitable access to acute stroke care and stroke rehabilitation and • community and family engagement for support to care givers and stroke patients. Unless services for stroke care are complemented with prevention programmes to reduce stroke risk in the population, health care costs will continue to escalate due to increasing rates of stroke.
Feasibility and Safety of Magnetic Resonance Imaging-Based Thrombolysis in Patients with Stroke on Awakening: Initial Single-Centre Experience
Authors: Breuer L. , Schellinger P. D. , Huttner H. B. , Halwachs R. , Engelhorn T. , Doerfler A. , Köhrmann M. 
Published: March 2010

Background Up to 25% of all acute ischaemic strokes occur during sleep. Because of the unclear time window, patients with stroke on awakening are usually not considered for acute therapy and excluded from most acute treatment trials. Aim To evaluate the feasibility of magnetic resonance imaging-based intravenous thrombolysis in patients with stroke on awakening in a routine clinical setting. Methods Forty-five patients with stroke on awakening clinically qualifying for intravenous thrombolysis and presenting within 6 h after symptom recognition were admitted to our institution between October 2006 and May 2008. Following an institutional protocol, patients received magnetic resonance imaging as a first-line imaging modality and were offered mismatch-based thrombolysis whenever possible. Baseline demographic data, clinical, laboratory and imaging findings were analysed. Outcome was assessed using the modified Rankin Scale score at 3 months. Results Magnetic resonance imaging screening was feasible in 43/45 patients (96%). After screening, 10 patients (22%) were treated with intravenous thrombolysis. There were no differences between treated and untreated patients regarding cardiovascular risk factors, stroke aetiology, previous prophylactic treatment and symptom recognition to door time or door to imaging time. Outcome was comparable in both groups despite a trend towards more severe strokes in the intravenous thrombolysis group. Only one asymptomatic and no symptomatic haemorrhage were observed. Conclusion Our data demonstrate that magnetic resonance imaging-based thrombolysis is feasible and possibly safe in patients with stroke on awakening (SOA). Randomised clinical trials for patients with stroke on awakening are needed to further test the safety and efficacy of intravenous thrombolysis in this patient group. The results of our study may help to initiate and design such studies.
Production and Validation of Putonghua- and Cantonese-Chinese Language National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale Training and Certification Videos
Authors: Cheung R. T. F. , Lyden P. D. , Tsoi T. H. , Huang Y. , Liu M. , Hon S. F. K. , Raman R. , Liu L. 
Published: March 2010

Background and purposes The National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) is an integral part of acute stroke assessment. We report our experience with new Putonghua- and Cantonese-Chinese language NIHSS (PC-NIHSS and CC-NIHSS) training and certification videos. Methods A professional video production company was hired to create the training and certification videos for both PC-NIHSS and CC-NIHSS. Two training and certification workshops were held in Chengdu and Beijing, and two workshops in Hong Kong. The instruction, training and group A certification videos were presented to workshop attendees. Unweighted κ statistics were used to measure the agreement among raters, and the inter-rater agreements for PC-NIHSS and CC-NIHSS videos were compared with those of original English language NIHSS (E-NIHSS) videos. Results The pass rates using PC-NIHSS and CC-NIHSS videos were 79% and 82%, respectively. All possible responses on individual scale items were included. Facial palsy and limb ataxia (13%) showed poor agreement, nine (60%) to 10 (67%) items showed moderate agreement (0·4<κ<0·75), and three (20%) to four (27%) items showed excellent agreement. When compared with E-NIHSS videos, the agreements on best gaze, visual fields, facial weakness and aphasia were less for PC-NIHSS videos, and the agreements on commands for level of consciousness and visual fields were less for CC-NIHSS videos. Nevertheless, there was no difference between PC-NIHSS or CC-NIHSS and E-NIHSS videos in the agreement on total score. Conclusions Compared with E-NIHSS videos, PC-NIHSS and CC-NIHSS videos show good content validity and inter-rater reliability. Availability of these videos may facilitate the proper use of NIHSS among physicians and nurses in Putonghua- or Cantonese-speaking communities.
Use of intravenous sedation in the management of patients with high blood pressure
Authors: Woolcombe S. , Koshal S. , Bryant C. , Rood P. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractAim:  We aim to determine the prevalence of undiagnosed/poorly controlled hypertension and study the population demographics. We also aim to study the effects of intravenous midazolam on peri‐operative blood pressure and pulse. Finally, we aim to assess the value of screening for hypertension and determine the degree of white coat hypertension.Material and methods:  A cohort of 83 patients with a pre‐assessment blood pressure recording ≥160/100 mmHg was studied. Oral surgery treatment was performed under intravenous sedation with midazolam or local anaesthesia alone where sedation was contraindicated. Blood pressure and pulse were monitored throughout surgery. Following treatment, patients were advised to attend their General Practitioner (GP) for assessment of their blood pressure and information regarding the outcome of this visit was requested.Results:  Seventy‐three percent of the cohort had no previous diagnosis of hypertension. The use of intravenous midazolam significantly reduced peri‐operative blood pressure compared with local anaesthesia alone [reduction in systolic blood pressure (BP) of 40 mmHg and diastolic BP of 21 mmHg]. Fifty percent of those who attended their GP received active treatment for hypertension at the first visit. A further 25% were kept under review. Blood pressure measurements at hospital pre‐assessment were substantially higher than those recorded by GPs.Conclusion:  A clear indication exists for the use of intravenous sedation with midazolam for oral surgery procedures in patients with high blood pressure. There is a significant prevalence of undiagnosed and poorly controlled hypertension. Blood pressure screening in the dental setting is a valuable tool for identifying hypertensive patients. White coat hypertension is significantly greater in the oral surgery department than at the GP surgery.
A chronosequence of understorey parasitic wasp assemblages in secondary broad‐leaved forests in a Japanese ‘satoyama’ landscape
Authors: MALEQUE MD A. , MAETO KAORU , MAKINO SHUN’ICHI , GOTO HIDEAKI , TANAKA HIROSHI , HASEGAWA MOTOHIRO , MIYAMOTO ASAKO 
Published: March 2010

Abstract.  1. To infer the effects of forest aging on the abundance, genus richness and diversity, and genus composition of understorey parasitoids, we investigated the assemblages of braconids collected in Malaise traps in a chronosequence of secondary broad‐leaved forests (4–128 years old) in the satoyama landscape in the cool‐temperate region of central Honshu, Japan.2. Multivariate linear regression analysis indicated that the abundance of braconid parasitoids was affected by forest age (time since clear‐cutting) in the secondary broad‐leaved forests, although the effects on genus richness and diversity were not statistically supported.3. The abundance of herbivore parasitoids decreased significantly with forest age. This is probably caused by the decline of insect herbivores associated with the decrease in forest floor vegetation along the chronosequence.4. The opposite trend was observed for detritivore parasitoids, which significantly increased in abundance with forest age, probably along with forest floor litter mass, though no significant change in the abundance of wood‐borer parasitoids was observed with forest age.5. Genus composition of braconid parasitoids was affected by forest age, as determined by canonical correspondence analysis. Genera of detritivore parasitoids were mostly confined to older plots, those of herbivore parasitoids were rather abundant in younger plots, and those of wood‐borer parasitoids were more broadly distributed.6. Therefore, we conclude that the presence of mixed forest stands of various age classes at the landscape level would contribute to the conservation of diverse assemblages of host insects and their parasitoids.
Genetic and environmental melanoma models in fish
Authors: Patton E. Elizabeth , Mitchell David L. , Nairn Rodney S. 
Published: March 2010

SummaryExperimental animal models are extremely valuable for the study of human diseases, especially those with underlying genetic components. The exploitation of various animal models, from fruitflies to mice, has led to major advances in our understanding of the etiologies of many diseases, including cancer. Cutaneous malignant melanoma is a form of cancer for which both environmental insult (i.e., UV) and hereditary predisposition are major causative factors. Fish melanoma models have been used in studies of both spontaneous and induced melanoma formation. Genetic hybrids between platyfish and swordtails, different species of the genus Xiphophorus, have been studied since the 1920s to identify genetic determinants of pigmentation and melanoma formation. Recently, transgenesis has been used to develop zebrafish and medaka models for melanoma research. This review will provide a historical perspective on the use of fish models in melanoma research, and an updated summary of current and prospective studies using these unique experimental systems.
La Vision du Président du Conseil
Authors: Cliver E. Blaine 
Published: March 2010

RésuméIl y a cinquante‐trois ans, il fut proposé de créer un centre intergouvernemental pour l’étude et l’amélioration des méthodes de conservation et de restauration du patrimoine culturel mondial. En 1959, cet accord s’est concrétiséà travers le Centre international d’études pour la conservation et la restauration des biens culturels, une organisation intergouvernementale dont le siège est à Rome. Aujourd’hui intitulée l’ICCROM, elle a grandi pour devenir le premier centre international pour la conservation, la formation et l’information du patrimoine culturel. Au cours des cinq dernières décennies, l’ICCROM s’est étendue et, ce faisant, a évolué vers l’institution que nous connaissons à présent. Pendant cette évolution, l’ICCROM a continué de maintenir ses critères, tout en changeant afin de répondre aux besoins nouveaux d’une communauté mondiale diverse. Des cours sont désormais délivrés en plusieurs endroits du monde, certains étant spécialement concentrés dans des régions spécifiques. L’ICCROM doit s’adapter aux besoins changeants et aux défis, en particulier financiers, si elle veut rester riche de significations pour la communauté du patrimoine aujourd’hui.
L’ICCROM et l’Italie
Authors: Varoli‐Piazza Rosalia 
Published: March 2010

RésuméL’Italie participe aux discussions internationales sur la conservation et la restauration du patrimoine culturel. Mais le point de départ est l’histoire de l’art – dans son sens le plus large, de l’architecture à l’archéologie et aux arts dits « mineurs ». Le critique d’art / historien, qui identifie le contexte dans lequel l’objet culturel est apparu et préservé, est au fondement du concept de restauration des temps modernes, reposant sur l’idée de respect, et ce même de ce qui ne nous est pas familier. Dans ce domaine, l’ICCROM et l’ICR trouvent un terrain d’entente pour un point de contact et de collaboration.
La Science, la technologie et l’ICCROM
Authors: Torraca Giorgio 
Published: March 2010

RésuméSelon les statuts du Centre international d’études pour la conservation et la restauration des biens culturels, approuvés par la Conférence générale de l’UNESCO, le rôle scientifique du Centre était de « coordonner, stimuler ou d’instituer la recherche dans [la conservation et la restauration des biens culturels] par le moyen en particulier, de commissions d’experts, de réunions internationales, de publications et d’échanges entre spécialistes ». Sous l’impulsion de ses premiers directeurs, le personnel technique du Centre a eu tendance, en réalité, à développer davantage les actions directes que la coordination, indépendamment des limitations de budget qui pouvaient être surmontées grâce au soutien de l’UNESCO et de plusieurs corps du gouvernement italien (les instituts centraux et les bureaux des directeurs locaux). Certains des programmes de formation, des missions techniques et de sauvetage, et des activités de recherche qui ont étéélaborés sur une période d’environ vingt‐cinq ans (entre 1960 et 1985) sont brièvement illustrés.
La Contribution de l’ICCROM à l’éthique du patrimoine
Authors: Vinson Isabelle 
Published: March 2010

RésuméÀ l’occasion de la commémoration par l’UNESCO de la fondation de l’ICCROM, l’article traite de l’effet des pratiques de la conservation sur la construction du cadre éthique de protection du patrimoine culturel au niveau international. À partir de l’étude des conditions de création de l’ICCROM, il rappelle notamment le rôle des pays non européens dans la création du programme international de préservation du patrimoine. Il souligne également l’importance pour l’avenir d’une analyse conjointe des instruments normatifs et déontologiques et des dispositifs pratiques de protection du patrimoine.