bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The role of low glycemic index and load diets in medical nutrition therapy for type 2 diabetes: an update
Authors: Gerontiti Eleni , Shalit Almog , Stefanaki Katerina , Kazakou Paraskevi , Karagiannakis Dimitrios S. , Peppa Melpomeni , Psaltopoulou Theodora , Paschou Stavroula A. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe increasing prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and its microvascular and macrovascular complications necessitate an optimal approach to prevention and management. Medical nutrition therapy serves as the cornerstone of diabetes care, reducing reliance on diabetic medications for glycemic control and mitigating cardiovascular risk. The broadening field of research in the effect of low glycemic index (GI) and/or glycemic load (GL) diets on individuals with T2DM has yielded promising results in the existing literature. Adopting low-GI and GL dietary patterns contributes to minimizing fluctuations in blood glucose levels, thus presenting a good strategy for achieving enhanced glycemic control. Furthermore, the above dietary practices may offer a viable alternative and practical approach to weight management in individuals with T2DM. However, clinical practice guidelines for diabetes dietary management show inconsistency regarding the certainty of evidence supporting the implementation of low-GI/GL nutritional patterns. This review aims to thoroughly evaluate the available data on the effectiveness of low-GI and low-GL diets in managing glycemic control and reducing cardiovascular risk factors.
A novel biochar-based 3D composite for ultrafast and selective Cr(VI) removal in electroplating wastewater
Authors: Yang Zongzheng , Wang Jinjin , Zhao Nan , Pang Runyi , Zhao Chuanfang , Deng Ying , Yang Di , Jiang Haochen , Wu Zhiguo , Qiu Rongliang 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIn this study, a newly developed composite of biochar-poly(m-phenylenediamine) (BC-PmPD) exhibiting a distinct skeletal structure was synthesized for the purpose of extracting Cr(VI) from aqueous solutions. BC was employed as a supportive carrier onto which PmPD nanoparticles were uniformly affixed through in-situ polymerization and oxidation synthesis, both within and outside the layered configuration of BC. The structural stability and morphologies of BC-PmPD were assessed utilizing Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, analysis of specific surface area and pore size, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and X-ray diffraction. In comparison to other modified BCs reported, BC-PmPD exhibited the highest Cr(VI) removal rate. Specifically, at 303 K, BC-PmPD achieved a maximum Cr(VI) removal capacity of 775 mg g−1, surpassing the capabilities of unmodified BC and PmPD by 10.4 and 2.13 times, respectively. Analyses involving XPS, FTIR, and density functional theory calculation confirmed that proton transfer happened between protonated amine (−NH2) functional group within the structure of BC-PmPD and HCrO4− before the formation of hydrogen bond. Subsequently, environmentally persistent free radicals facilitated the reduction of the adsorbed Cr(VI). Quantification of the functional groups indicated that the amino group was responsible for 93.0% of the Cr(VI) adsorption in BC-PmPD. BC-PmPD displayed potent adsorption and reduction capabilities, alongside notable stability, repeatability, and promising potential for application in the remediation for high concentrations of Cr(VI) in electroplating wastewater scenarios.
Graphical Abstract
Assessment of depositional environmental factors in quaternary sediments: a case study of Thamirabarani River basin, Srivaikundam region of southern India
Authors: Abishek S. Richard , Christinal J. , Ravindran A. Antony , Priya R. Sakthi 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis study uses a thorough grain size analysis approach to the depositional environment in the Thamirabarani River basin, specifically in the Srivaikundam district of Tamil Nadu, India. There is a significant lack of research on the depositional settings and sediment features unique to the Thamirabarani River basin, even though there have been numerous sediments studies conducted in other river basins. Consequently, the purpose of this study is to investigate the depositional habitats and sediment characteristics of this area. The majority of the 18 sediment samples were determined to be medium- to fine-grained and poorly sort-able after extensive analysis using granulometric research and sieve methods. The low-energy formation process took place in a largely fine-grained or very fine-grained sandy soil, as indicated by the sediments platykurtic and mesokurtic morphologies. The depositional habitats within the region can be better understood by classifying the soil based on ternary plots of clay, silt, and sand, such as particle distribution curve. Furthermore, comparison with a unified soil classification chart aids in further categorizing the soil types. Soils can be classified and the depositional settings of different landscapes, such as rivers, estuaries, beaches, and aeolian terrains, can be better understood with the use of this comprehensive grain size study. Another interesting aspect of the Thamirabarani River basin sediment movement and deposition is the slow breakdown of rocks, especially feldspar and quartz, as they move through rivers and streams.
The ENACT network is acting on housing instability and the unhoused using the open health natural language processing toolkit
Authors: Harris Daniel R. , Fu Sunyang , Wen Andrew , Corbeau Alexandria , Henderson Darren , Hilsman Jordan , Oniani David , Wang Yanshan 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Housing is an environmental social determinant of health that is linked to mortality and clinical outcomes. We developed a lexicon of housing-related concepts and rule-based natural language processing methods for identifying these housing-related concepts within clinical text. We piloted our methods on several test cohorts: a synthetic cohort generated by ChatGPT for initial infrastructure testing, a cohort with substance use disorders (SUD), and a cohort diagnosed with problems related to housing and economic circumstances (HEC). Our methods successfully identified housing concepts in our ChatGPT notes (recall = 1.0, precision = 1.0), our SUD population (recall = 0.9798, precision = 0.9898), and our HEC population (recall = N/A, precision = 0.9160).
Perceptions of Healthcare Workers on the Attributes of the Integrated Disease Surveillance and Response System in Zimbabwe
Authors: Mteliso Farai , Adalier Ahmet , Malunguza Noble J. , Chiyaka Edward T. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Objective
To investigate healthcare workers’ perceptions of the integrated disease surveillance and response (IDSR) strategy.

Methods
A cross-sectional survey of healthcare workers (HCWs) was conducted from December 2021 to June 2022 to assess their perceptions of the IDSR system attributes.

Results
Of the 409 respondents, 12 (2.9%) reported no prior training on disease surveillance. The IDSR was deemed simple, acceptable, useful, and timely by most participants. There were sharp differences in perceptions of flexibility and simplicity between doctors and the other healthcare professionals. However, acceptability, timeliness, and usefulness were uniformly perceived. Healthcare workers with at least 11 years of experience perceived the usefulness of the IDSR system significantly higher than those with lesser years of experience. However, work experience did not have an impact on HCWs perceptions of the simplicity, timeliness, and flexibility of the IDSR system.

Conclusions
Most healthcare workers have positive perceptions of the IDSR approach. However, there are reservations about how well the system can adapt to changing conditions and demands (flexibility) and how well it simplifies the implementation processes. These findings demonstrate the necessity of adopting cutting-edge strategies for capacity building as well as ongoing professional development of healthcare professionals responsible for the implementation of the IDSR strategy.
Telemedicine: Solutions and Challenges for Health Workers in Rural Indonesia in the Response to the COVID -19 Pandemic
Authors: Saputra Rikas 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Technology and telemedicine are needed to provide the necessary solutions for public health in rural areas. Lack of stable internet access and digital literacy hinders the effective use of telemedicine. Governments and service providers can work together to extend coverage, increase internet speed in rural areas, and provide training and education to ensure adequate digital literacy.
Hydrothermal carbonization of invasive plant biomass as a tool for its safe utilization and production of artificial humic substances
Authors: Klavins Maris , Ansone-Bertina Linda , Krumins Janis , Purmalis Oskars , Klavina Laura , Vincevica-Gaile Zane 
Published: May 2024

AbstractInvasive plants may cause significant environmental risks by affecting biological diversity, ecosystem services, agriculture, and forestry. Safe utilization of invasive plant biomass by obtaining new outcome products useful for bioeconomics is a challenging but promising solution. Hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) presents a sustainable and cost-effective approach to transforming invasive plant biomass into new products while simultaneously supporting carbon capture aims. This study utilized invasive plants such as lupine [Lupinus polyphyllus Lindl.], Sosnowsky’s hogweed [Heracleum sosnowskyi Manden.], and Japanese knotweed [Polygonum cuspidatum Siebold & Zucc.] as biomass sources for HTC to produce artificial humic substances (AHS). The greatest impact on the yield of AHS (maximum gained yield of 62%) was the duration of the HTC process (up to 6 h) and temperature of the treatment (from 160 up to 250 C), as well as the catalyst used (an alkaline medium is preferable). During the HTC treatment, significant changes in the invasive plant biomass composition occur, as indicated by the removal of labile components of organic matter. The AHS obtained are essentially similar to natural humic matter and have biostimulatory properties; thus, they can be applied in agriculture and other areas of bioeconomics.
Assessment of structuredness of problems in design
Authors: Singh Sanjay , Chakrabarti Amaresh 
Published: May 2024

AbstractDesign problems are wicked in nature. Wicked problems are difficult to understand, formulate and solve. The literature focuses mainly on the characteristics of wicked problems, very little is available to how wicked problems (synonymous to ill-structured) should be formulated to make them well structured. Assessment of wickedness can help designers formulate problems into well-structured. This work proposes a metric for (lack of) structuredness as a measure for the degree to which a design problem is ill-structured. A Delphi-based method as benchmark for validating the metric is also proposed.
Gender differences in design creativity
Authors: Souto Virginia Tiradentes , Fadel Luciane Maria , Spinillo Carla Galvão 
Published: May 2024

AbstractGender is a crucial factor for creativity in design. Although the participation and recognition of successful and prominent women in the field of design seems to be increasing, many more men are still recognised and regarded as creative. This paper analyses the gender differences in design creativity. First, a summary of studies on gender differences in creativity in general is presented. It then discusses three critical aspects of gender differences in design creativity. Finally, some ways in which women's creativity can be encouraged and supported are outlined.
Tactility in perception of biobased composites
Authors: Thundathil Manu , Emerson Nicholas John , Nazmi Ali Reza , Shahri Bahareh , Müssig Jörg , Huber Tim 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBiobased composites - sustainable alternatives to fossil-based materials, could gain better acceptance if their perceptual handicaps could be overcome. This paper considers the role of tactility in contrast with visual stimuli, as well as the perceptual qualities influenced by tactility. The analysis revealed a significant impact of tactility in forming attributes such as naturality, roughness and strength. Attributes like beauty and complexity remain less affected by touch, and more visual-dominant. These findings may help designers in creating desirable products with sustainable materials.
Using the low-tech concept to create scenarios: an analysis of its potential to design for sustainable urban future
Authors: Vallet Flore , Gall Tjark 
Published: May 2024

AbstractDesigners must be equipped with methods to contribute to sustainability transitions. Scenario planning arose as approach to integrate future uncertainties while the low-tech concept promotes technological discernment. This paper looks at how low-tech fuelled scenario planning. Analysing institutional and archetypical scenarios shows a partial integration through high and low-tech extremes. However, more nuanced considerations are lacking. This paper shows that low-tech can bring an interesting dimension to future scenarios and thus contributes to method development for sustainable design.
Design as a practice for implementing complex digital health: preliminary results from an interview study in the Netherlands
Authors: Karlsson Fredrik K. , Pannunzio Valeria , Snelders Dirk , Kleinsmann Maaike S. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractChallenges in implementing digital health in clinical practice hinder its potential. The complexities posed by implementation could benefit from using design practices. To explore the current role of design practices in digital health implementation, designers in the Netherlands were interviewed. The preliminary results indicate that designers contribute to digital health implementation processes, especially in the early stages. Design practices are mainly used for engaging the users, testing concepts, aligning the ideas of stakeholders, and adapting interventions to fit within the contexts.
The energy performance assessment method to establish the best part build orientation in additive manufacturing
Authors: Mandolini Marco , Sartini Mikhailo , Rossi Marta , Favi Claudio , Marconi Marco 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe growing use of additive manufacturing (AM) processes pushes research towards studying methods to reduce their environmental impact. The part build orientation is a significant process variable, which can be chosen through the Energy Performance Assessment (EPA), a straightforward method. The paper presents a method for identifying the best part build orientation considering energy consumption. The EPA has been adapted for this purpose, resulting in an approach based on four steps. The method was employed to determine the best printing direction for three parts and two AM technologies.
Optical and mechanical testing of 3D printed parts made of high-viscosity silicone to identify process parameters and design advice for 3D printing and printer development
Authors: Schön Joel , Löffler Robin , Koch Michael 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe additive manufacturing of parts made from close-to-production materials poses a great challenge. One example are highly viscous silicones, as used in injection moulding. For small production quantities, the manufacturing of injection moulds is uneconomical. This paper presents tensile specimens printed with an in-house developed dispensing system, which are analysed for air cavities (micro-CT scans) and mechanical properties. Based on the results, advice for the design and slicing parameters of parts using high-viscosity silicones in AM by means of material extrusion are developed.
Machine learning-based virtual sensors for reduced energy consumption in frost-free refrigerators
Authors: Alcaraz Alejandro , Ilare Dennis , Mansutti Alessandro , Cascini Gaetano 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis study explores Machine Learning (ML) integration for household refrigerator efficiency. The ML approach allows to optimize defrost cycles, offering energy savings without complexity or cost escalation. The paper initially presents a State-of-the-Art of ML potential to improve functionality and efficiency of refrigerators. Since frost is the cause of significant energy losses, a ML-based Virtual Sensor was developed to predict frost formation on the evaporator also in low -level refrigerators. The results show the environmental significance of ML in enhancing appliance efficiency.
Assessing text-image patent datasets with text-based metrics for engineering design applications
Authors: Consoloni Marco , Giordano Vito , Fantoni Gualtiero 
Published: May 2024

AbstractImages provide concise representations of design artifacts and emerge as the primary mode of communication among innovators, engineers, and designers. The advanced of Artificial Intelligence tools which integrates image and textual information can significantly support the Engineering Design process. In this paper we create 5 different datasets combining both images and text of patents and we develop a set of text-based metrics to assess the quality of text for multimodal applications. Finally, we discuss the challenges arising in the development of multimodal patent datasets.
Improving sustainability of additive manufacturing processes based on digital twins – a case study
Authors: Kos Jessica , Schröder Philipp , Trauer Jakob , Endress Felix , Mörtl Markus , Zimmermann Markus 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAdditive manufacturing (AM) became a key technology in the development of innovative products. Advancements have been made to improve economic feasibility. However, ecological sustainability is still an open issue of AM. To improve sustainability, it is crucial to track, visualize, and evaluate emissions along the lifecycle. This paper presents a novel Digital Twin based approach enabling prediction of the product carbon footprint (PCF) and prescriptive measures to improve sustainability. By improving part and process design, a significant PCF reduction was achieved.
The DHSmart model for smart product-service system (smart PSS): dynamic, data-driven, human-centred
Authors: Mirshafiee Nadia , Han Ji , Ahmed-Kristensen Saeema 
Published: May 2024

AbstractDespite its transformative impact, a systematic approach to Smart PSS development remains elusive. Addressing this, the study introduces a dynamic conceptual model named DHSmart and its accompanying canvas, adaptable to various contexts and technological advancements. Notably, it offers a structured approach to designing ‘Smart’ in Smart PSS, capturing the interplay between data, humans, and smart systems while directing digitalisation that achieves competitive advantage. It also serves as a unifying framework, enabling meaningful interdisciplinary contributions in theory and practice.
Self-optimizing digital factory twin: an industrial use case
Authors: Nigischer Christian , Reiterer Florian , Bougain Sébastien , Grafinger Manfred 
Published: May 2024

AbstractDigital Twins (DTs) are intended to be utilized for a wide range of applications, promising benefits like visualization, monitoring, simulation and control of a physical system. Not only the development of a DT for a production facility is a time-consuming task, but also to keep the virtual counterpart up to date in the use phase. In this work, the implementation of an industrial-scale DT of an automotive supplier production site based on a Discrete-Event Simulation (DES) model with self-optimization capabilities for easier maintainability and increased simulation accuracy is presented.
On-site analysis of work-related stress to design workers-friendly manufacturing systems
Authors: Blandino Graziana , Colombo Samuele , Montagna Francesca 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIndustry 4.0 is leading to technological advancement in manufacturing and causing changes in tasks performed by operators. This represents a potential trigger of humans' stress and workload. This paper aims to investigate work-related stress in an industrial environment through a real production case study through ECG, EDA, EMG, and respiratory band. From stress physiological indicators analysis, preliminary suggestions for the case study are provided to make the production system more human-centered, according to Industry 5.0. Further studies may test the effect of the recommended actions.
The aesthetics of robot design: towards a classification of morphologies
Authors: Mobed Dean Aaron Ollah , Wodehouse Andrew , Maier Anja 
Published: May 2024

AbstractRobots are becoming increasingly prevalent in the workplace. As Industry 5.0 pursues human-centric technologies, a greater understanding of what effects aesthetics has on those interacting with robots is needed. This paper sets out robot morphology as a way to characterise key form types, and proposes seven classifications: anthropomorphism, zoomorphism, phytomorphism, artemorphism, functiomorphism, amorphism, and neomorphism. Through an assessment of the current robot aesthetic landscape, design dimensions are identified with examples that can inform future robot design.
User involvement in the design of complex digital tools for employees in a large organisation
Authors: Petyaeva Anya , Goodman-Deane Joy , Clarkson P. John 
Published: May 2024

AbstractLarge organisations are designing complex technology-based tools for their staff to use. In busy workplace environments, it can be difficult to get user input about a design. This paper describes the designer and user interactions in one such organisation, gaining insights that could be useful in other similar settings. The findings are based on a set of interviews with designers and researchers within the organisation. The paper identifies the current practices and constraints involved in understanding and capturing users' needs and discusses potential solutions.
Systems engineering in design practice: a guideline for development service providers
Authors: Burkhardt Maximilian , Warns Tilman , Endepols Sebastian , Bursac Nikola , Ritzer Katharina 
Published: May 2024

AbstractTo handle the increased complexity within the automotive industry, this paper introduces a guideline, which aims to support development service providers to examine the introduction and if applicable support the introduction of systems engineering. The initial verification was performed through applying the guideline at Porsche Engineering as an exemplary service provider. As a result, the success factors "knowledge basis" and "knowledge transfer" have been improved by two points on a 1-5 Likert-scale by introducing a SE process-specific knowledge platform and a defined knowledge transfer.
A tradespace exploration approach for changeability assessment from a system-of-systems perspective: application from the construction machinery industry
Authors: Machchhar Raj Jiten , Toller Melén Carl Nils Konrad , Bertoni Alessandro 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe rapid development of new technologies such as electrification, autonomy, and other contextual factors pose significant challenges to development teams in balancing competing aspects while developing value-robust solutions. One approach for achieving value robustness is designing for changeability. This paper presents a tradespace exploration from a Systems-of-Systems perspective to facilitate changeability assessment during early design stages. The approach is further demonstrated on a fleet of haulers operating in a mining site.
Investigation of advantages of models and the modelling process by introducing a model evaluation concept
Authors: Schumacher Thomas , Inkermann David 
Published: May 2024

AbstractWithin Model-based Systems Engineering different kinds of model will be created to support the execution of engineering activites. This contribution introduces an evaluation concept which focuses on the model informativity and its usefulness within the modelling process. Thereby, it shall be investigated which advantages the integration of model elements based on different levels of abstraction and a reduction of model formalisation enables. For the model creation the analogue modelling method will be applied, which uses physical (tangible) model elements.