bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Macroscopic and histological evaluation of tunica vaginalis dorsal grafting in the first stage of Bracka’s urethroplasty: an experimental study in rabbits
Authors: Rosito Tiago E. , Pires Jesus A.S. , Delcelo Rosana , Ortiz Valdemar , Macedo Jr Antonio 
Published: November 2010

What’s known on the subject? and What does the study add? Complex urethral reconstruction done in two steps requires a dorsal component for the first procedure. Classically, preputial skin and buccal mucosa are used. We tested the tunica vaginalis for the same purpose.Tunica vaginalis proved to be feasible as dorsal graft, histological properties showed metaplasia of the tunica vaginalis into an epithelium that resemble urothelium without clinically significant retraction.OBJECTIVE• To evaluate the use of tunica vaginalis as a dorsal free graft in the first stage of Bracka’s urethroplasty in a rabbit animal model using macroscopic and histological analysis.MATERIAL AND METHODS• Surgery was performed on 16 rabbits, divided into four groups of four according to the number of weeks after surgery at which they were killed (2, 4, 8 and 12 weeks).• The penile urethra was removed and only the ventral aspect of the urethra was reconstructed using a tunica vaginalis free graft dorsally fixed in the corpora cavernosa.• Epithelial, inflammatory and fibrotic changes in the graft were evaluated macroscopically then histologically at the point when each rabbit group was killed.RESULTS• Macroscopic evaluation showed good graft uptake with minimal retraction (P > 0.05).• Histological evaluation showed a reduction in the inflammatory process during the first 4 weeks, after which inflammation stabilized.• The mesothelium was partially healed at 2 and 8 weeks with a metaplasia defined by a stratified squamous, non‐keratinized lining. The grafted area was thinner than the surrounding penile skin and similar to urothelial native epithelium.CONCLUSION• Tunica vaginalis used as a free graft placed dorsally on the corpora cavernosa in the first stage of Bracka’s urethroplasty shows good tissue integration and develops into a stratified non‐ keratinized epithelium (metaplasia) without significant retraction, despite exposure to the external environment.
‘I don’t think there’s much of a rational mind in a drug addict when they are in the thick of it’: towards an embodied analysis of recovering heroin users
Authors: Nettleton Sarah , Neale Jo , Pickering Lucy 
Published: November 2010

AbstractMuch of the sociological literature on recovery from heroin use has been located within the symbolic interactionist tradition and has revealed the salience of identity for the recovery process, and has focused upon actors’ cognitions. By contrast, less attention has been paid to former users’ bodies. The aim of this paper therefore is to focus upon the embodied aspects of recovery from heroin use. To this end, we deploy the notions of bodily ‘dys‐appearance’ and ‘habitual action’ as sensitising concepts to undertake an analysis of data generated by 40 qualitative interviews carried out with 21 men and 19 women who are overcoming their addiction to heroin in England. Analytically, we distinguish between using bodies and recovering bodies. In the case of the former, ‘habitual action’ is relatively urgent and routinised; in the case of the latter, however, habitual action is more difficult to maintain because the bodily dys‐appearances associated with the transition from heroin use are relatively more multifaceted and unfamiliar. The body techniques associated with embodied reproduction of using and recovering bodies can be pre‐cognitive, easily overlooked and yet, embedded as they are in mundane, everyday activities, they constitute a crucial part of the process of recovery from heroin.
Investability and Firm Value
Authors: Mitton Todd , O’Connor Thomas 
Published: November 2010

AbstractWe study how investability, or openness to foreign equity investors, affects firm value in a sample of over 1,400 firms from 26 emerging markets. We find that, on average, investability is associated with a 9% valuation premium (as measured by Tobin's q). This significant valuation premium persists in firm‐fixed effects regressions, although the magnitude and robustness of the premium is somewhat lower. Analysis of the components of Tobin's q shows that firms that become investable experience significant increases in both market values and physical investment. These effects are strongest for firms that face country‐level or firm‐level financial constraints prior to becoming investable.
Hedge Fund Characteristics and Performance Persistence
Authors: Ammann Manuel , Huber Otto , Schmid Markus 
Published: November 2010

AbstractIn this paper, we investigate the performance persistence of hedge funds over time horizons between 6 and 36 months based on a merged sample from the Lipper/TASS and CISDM databases for the time period from 1994 to 2008. Unlike previous literature, we use a panel probit regression approach to identify fund characteristics that are significantly related to performance persistence. We then investigate the performance of two‐way sorted portfolios where sorting is based on past performance and one of the additional fund characteristics identified as persistence‐enhancing in the probit analysis. We find statistically and economically significant performance persistence for time horizons of up to 36 months. Although we identify several fund characteristics that are strongly correlated with the probability of observing performance persistence, we find only one fund characteristic, a strategy distinctiveness index that attempts to measure manager skills and the uniqueness of the hedge fund's trading strategies, to have the ability to systematically improve performance persistence up to a time horizon of 24 months. The economic magnitude of this improvement amounts to a sizeable increase in alpha by approximately 4.0% and 2.3% p.a. for annual and biennial rebalancing, respectively.
Treatment of Helicobacter pylori Infection 2010
Authors: O’Connor Anthony , Gisbert Javier P. , McNamara Deirdre , O’Morain Colm 
Published: November 2010

AbstractIt is accepted that the success of Helicobacter pylori eradication treatment using standard triple therapy is declining. Resistance, particularly to clarithromycin, has been shown in numerous countries to be rising to a level where the use of standard triple therapy in its current form may no longer be justified. The two major factors influencing resistance are prior exposure to the antibiotic and compliance with therapy. Regimes based on bismuth and levofloxacin, which had previously been mainly second‐line options, are now emerging as superior first‐line options. Trials of sequential and concomitant therapies are also showing the usefulness of these treatments in different populations. Options for third and subsequent line therapies include furazolidone and rifabutin‐based regimes. Susceptibility testing should be performed to maintain accurate data on resistance levels, and has also clinical utility in difficult to eradicate cases. None of these, however, will be successful unless compliance is improved upon. If compliance is assured and eradication confirmation pursued, it has been repeatedly illustrated that near full eradication is achievable.
Extragastric Manifestations of Helicobacter pylori Infection
Authors: Figura Natale , Franceschi Francesco , Santucci Annalisa , Bernardini Giulia , Gasbarrini Giovanni , Gasbarrini Antonio 
Published: November 2010

AbstractThe possible role of Helicobacter pylori as a trigger for some extragastric diseases has been largely investigated in the last year. There are, in fact, several studies concerning cardiovascular diseases, neurological disorders, diabetes mellitus, ear and eyes diseases, immunological and hematological disorders, liver and bile tract diseases, gynecological and respiratory tract pathologies. Among them, idiopathic sideropenic anemia and idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura still remain the extragastric diseases showing the most convincing results. Concerning ischemic heart disease, there are new interesting data playing in favor of the association, even though there are still some open issues to be clarified. For the other diseases, more studies are needed to clarify the reality of the proposed association.
T‐cell prolymphocytic leukemia: A rare disease in an elderly female
Authors: Madaris Linda 
Published: November 2010

Abstract Purpose: To present a case report of an 83‐year‐old female with underlying dementia and a 1–2 month history of left upper quadrant pain. This report includes a review of the morphology of T‐cell prolymphocytic leukemia (PLL), diagnosis, and the treatment options considered. Data sources: T‐cell PLL is a rare blood disorder that represents a very small number of all chronic leukemias. An extensive review of scientific literature related to the cell morphology and pathology of this disease, as well as clinical trials of treatment options provided the background for this case report. Conclusion: A diagnosis of T‐cell PLL was made after a computed tomography scan of the abdomen confirmed splenomegaly and a bone marrow biopsy showed a hypercellular marrow infiltrated with numerous small lymphocytes, consistent with this disease. Currently, there is no optimal treatment for T‐cell PLL, but alemtuzumab has shown success with extending survival 1–3 years. Implications for practice: This case presented several ethical and practical challenges for this patient and her family in making a decision for chemotherapy treatment. This case underscores the need for the physicians and nurse practitioners to establish a collaborative relationship with patient, family, and other care providers when advocating for or against treatment.
Islam and the Environment – Ethics and Practice an Assessment
Authors: Khalid Fazlun 
Published: November 2010

AbstractAs people who are benefiting materially from ‘modernity’ and also as people who have in no small measure participated in the processes that have degraded the planet, Muslims have an important contribution to make to the growing debate on the environment. Islamic environmentalism has its own unique expression but it is not in evidence today. It is argued in this paper that the driving force of modernity stems from the push for economic development which is now taxing the earth’s resources as never before in human history and that the global village is now a homogenised consumer culture which impacts negatively on the biosphere. This has been achieved by the progressive dilution and destruction of old traditional values and the marginalisation of religion, and Islam has not been immune to this process. This essay is an attempt to explain how Islam defines human connections with the earth and how we may be kinder to it as the source of the generous gifts that sustain all our lives.
Traces or Copies, or Both – Part I: Characterizing Movement Properties
Authors: Takahashi Shoichi 
Published: November 2010

AbstractTwo theories of movement have been proposed to capture properties of displacement in natural language – thetracetheory and thecopytheory. These theories differ in their assumptions regarding the lexical contentfulness of an object left behind by movement. Capitalizing on this difference, the present two‐part article scrutinizes predictions made by the two theories to investigate movement properties. In Part I of the article, exploring facts from reconstruction and ellipsis, we establish the generalization that A'‐movement obligatory leaves behind a copy of a moved element, but A‐movement only optionally does.
Biomass Estimation: A Remote Sensing Approach
Authors: Wei Xiaofang 
Published: November 2010

AbstractEmerging as an avant‐garde technique, remote sensing has been widely used in the qualitative and quantitative measurement of forest biophysical parameters for the past decades. As an integral part of global carbon cycle, forest plays a critical role in lessening the concentration of greenhouse gases in the Earth’s atmosphere. Consequently, accurate measurement of forest biomass by remote sensing provides synoptic and high‐temporal information about the status and distribution of forest, which will assist in the better understanding of global carbon cycle, and furthermore, combating climatic and environmental problems ensued by the ever‐increasing greenhouse gases. This article presents a comprehensive literature review about forest biomass estimation in remote sensing and the definitions and methods used to measure forest biomass, it also summaries previous research in forest remote sensing and explores the use of wavelet analysis for forest biomass estimation from satellite imagery.
Hollow Sustainabilities? Perspectives on Sustainable Development in the Post‐socialist World
Authors: Whitehead Mark 
Published: November 2010

AbstractThe primary purpose of this paper is to provide a critical review of recent work that analyzes the nexus of post‐socialist transition and sustainability. Beyond this broad aim, the paper also proposes two analytical insights. First it argues against binary thinking within work on transition and sustainability. This binary is marked on the one side by those who celebrate the new opportunities that transition offers to hard‐wire sustainability into the constitutional fabric of post‐socialist society; and on the other, by analysts who claim that the economic imperatives of capitalist transition have engulfed the chance to build sustainable development capacities. Second, it suggests many of the formal processes and events that are used to measure and assess the rise of sustainable development in the post‐socialist world (particularly laws, institutions, plans planning conventions, and protocols) are poor indicators of actually existing sustainabilities. Drawing predominantly, but not exclusively, on the work of geographers, and focusing explicitly on Central and Eastern Europe and Russia, analysis ultimately claims that a post‐socialist perspective can bring important empirical and conceptual insights into sustainable development studies, and that sustainable development offers an important critical lens through which to explore the emerging geographies of transition.
Ecohydrology and Climate Change in the Mountains of the Western USA – A Review of Research and Opportunities
Authors: Tague Christina , Dugger Aubrey L. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractSnow‐dominated mountain regions are strategic providers of water resources and ecosystem services. They are also likely to be highly vulnerable to a warming climate. In this review, we argue that an ecohydrologic perspective is critical for understanding changes that are already occurring and ultimately for predicting future vulnerabilities in both water resources and ecosystem health. We focus our review on the relatively well‐studied mountains of the Western USA. In this region, observations and models show significant climate‐driven changes to hydrologic processes including changes to snow accumulation and melt, evapotranspiration, soil moisture, and streamflow. At the same time, there is growing evidence of climate‐driven changes in vegetation structure and function. We summarize these studies and discuss how changes in hydrology interact with changes in terrestrial ecosystems to lead to complex and sometime synergistic responses. We conclude by identifying research needs to be addressed by emerging monitoring and synthesis networks that focus on the ecohydrology of mountain environments within a changing climate.
Decrease in Serum Adiponectin Levels in Response to Treatment Predicts Good Prognosis in Acute Decompensated Heart Failure
Authors: Matsumoto Mika , Lee‐Kawabata Masaaki , Tsujino Takeshi , Naito Yoshiro , Ezumi Akira , Sakoda Tsuyoshi , Ohyanagi Mitsumasa , Shimomura Iichiro , Masuyama Tohru 
Published: November 2010

J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich).Adiponectin is a cardioprotective adipocytokine. Serum adiponectin concentration decreases in patients who are obese but increases in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF). The aim of this study was to explore the temporal changes in serum adiponectin concentration following treatment for acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF). Serum adiponectin was measured on admission and at discharge in 95 patients who were admitted to our hospital with ADHF. Ten patients without heart failure (HF) served as controls. Serum adiponectin concentration was higher on admission in HF patients than in the controls (22.6±13.3 μg/mL vs 9.3±3.9 μg/mL, P<.01). Serum adiponectin concentration decreased after treatment in HF patients (18.0±11.7 μg/mL vs 22.6±13.3 μg/mL, P<.01). The larger temporal decrease in adiponectin level in ADHF was associated with the lower incidence of cardiac death or HF hospitalizations (log‐rank, P<.05). Serum adiponectin concentration was elevated in ADHF and decreased following the treatment. How much serum adiponectin decreases in response to treatment in ADHF is an important determinant of the prognosis. J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich). 2010;12:900–904.
Utility and value of a medicines information service provided by pharmacists: a survey of health professionals
Authors: McEntee Joanne E , Henderson Simone L , Rutter Paul M , Rutter Jill , Davis Helen J 
Published: November 2010

Abstract

Objectives
Many health professionals lack the time and skills to search for and appraise information on medicines. A solution might be to use others skilled in evidence appraisal, who make recommendations or provide information tailored to patients' needs. The objectives of this study were to assess how advice provided to health professionals by the northwest of England regional medicines information centre is used, whether it is useful for patient care and to measure satisfaction with the service.

Methods
A questionnaire was designed and sent to health professionals who contacted the centre between September 2008 and March 2009. Enquirers contacting the centre more than once were sent a questionnaire only in response to their first enquiry during the study period. Non-responders were sent a reminder.

Key findings
Questionnaires were sent to 672 enquirers; 68% were returned. Nearly all respondents used the advice provided. Of the 430 respondents who provided data on how they used the information, 81% used it to manage a current patient and 29% to plan the care of future patients; nearly all considered it useful. Where data were given (n = 366), half used it to check if current or proposed management was appropriate, 45% to make changes to therapy and 35% to advise another health professional. In addition to patient care, one-quarter (n = 105/430) of respondents used the information for continuing professional development and 16% (n = 69/430) for training or teaching.

Conclusions
Health professionals value the enquiry-answering service and use the advice provided for patient care, continuing professional development and educating patients and other health professionals. The service is responsive, supporting the care of patients needing immediate and future management.
Ki-67 as a Molecular Target for Therapy in anIn vitroThree-Dimensional Model for Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Rahmanzadeh Ramtin , Rai Prakash , Celli Jonathan P. , Rizvi Imran , Baron-Lühr Bettina , Gerdes Johannes , Hasan Tayyaba 
Published: November 2010

AbstractTargeting molecular markers and pathways implicated in cancer cell growth is a promising avenue for developing effective therapies. Although the Ki-67 protein (pKi-67) is a key marker associated with aggressively proliferating cancer cells and poor prognosis, its full potential as a therapeutic target has never before been successfully shown. In this regard, its nuclear localization presents a major hurdle because of the need for intracellular and intranuclear delivery of targeting and therapeutic moieties. Using a liposomally encapsulated construct, we show for the first time the specific delivery of a Ki-67–directed antibody and subsequent light-triggered death in the human ovarian cancer cell line OVCAR-5. Photoimmunoconjugate-encapsulating liposomes (PICEL) were constructed from anti–pKi-67 antibodies conjugated to fluorescein 5(6)-isothiocyanate, as a photoactivatable agent, followed by encapsulation in noncationic liposomes. Nucleolar localization of the PICELs was confirmed by confocal imaging. Photodynamic activation with PICELs specifically killed pKi-67–positive cancer cells both in monolayer and in three-dimensional (3D) cultures of OVCAR-5 cells, with the antibody TuBB-9 targeting a physiologically active form of pKi-67 but not with MIB-1, directed to a different epitope. This is the first demonstration of (a) the exploitation of Ki-67 as a molecular target for therapy and (b) specific delivery of an antibody to the nucleolus in monolayer cancer cells and in an in vitro 3D model system. In view of the ubiquity of pKi-67 in proliferating cells in cancer and the specificity of targeting in 3D multicellular acini, these findings are promising and the approach merits further investigation. Cancer Res; 70(22); 9234–42. ©2010 AACR.
The Mitotic Kinase Aurora-A Induces Mammary Cell Migration and Breast Cancer Metastasis by Activating the Cofilin-F-actin Pathway
Authors: Wang Li-hui , Xiang Jin , Yan Min , Zhang Yan , Zhao Yan , Yue Cai-feng , Xu Jie , Zheng Fei-meng , Chen Jin-na , Kang Zhuang , Chen Tong-sheng , Xing Da , Liu Quentin 
Published: November 2010

Abstract
The mitotic kinase Aurora-A (Aur-A) is required to form the bipolar spindle and ensure accurate chromosome segregation before cell division. Aur-A dysregulation represents an oncogenic event that promotes tumor formation. Here, we report that Aur-A promotes breast cancer metastasis. Aur-A overexpression enhanced mammary cell migration by dephosphorylation and activation of cofilin, which facilitates actin reorganization and polymerization. Cofilin knockdown impaired Aur-A–driven cell migration and protrusion of the cell membrane. Conversely, overexpression of activated cofilin abrogated the effects of Aur-A knockdown on cell migration. Moreover, Aur-A overexpession increased the expression of the cofilin phosphatase Slingshot-1 (SSH1), contributing to cofilin activation and cell migration. We found that phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibition blocked Aur-A–induced cofilin dephosphorylation, actin reorganization, and cell migration, suggesting crosstalk with PI3K signaling and a potential benefit of PI3K inhibition in tumors with deregulated Aur-A. Additionally, we found an association between Aur-A overexpression and cofilin activity in breast cancer tissues. Our findings indicate that activation of the cofilin-F-actin pathway contributes to tumor cell migration and metastasis enhanced by Aur-A, revealing a novel function for mitotic Aur-A kinase in tumor progression. Cancer Res; 70(22); 9118–28. ©2010 AACR.