bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Infection frequently triggers thrombotic microangiopathy in patients with preexisting risk factors: A single‐institution experience
Authors: Douglas Kenneth W. , Pollock Kevin G.J. , Young David , Catlow Jamie , Green Rachel 
Published: January 2010

AbstractThrombotic microangiopathies are rare conditions characterized by microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, microthrombi, and multiorgan insult. The disorders, which include hemolytic uremic syndrome and thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura, are often acute and life threatening. We report a retrospective analysis of 65 patients presenting to our institution from 1997 to 2008 with all forms of thrombotic microangiopathy. Therapeutic plasma exchange was a requirement for analysis and 65 patients were referred to our institution; 66% of patients were female and median age at presentation was 52 years. Bacterial infection was the most commonly identified etiologic factor and in the multivariate model was the only significant variable associated with survival outcome (odds ratio 5.1, 95% confidence interval, 1.2–21.7). As infection can be considered a common trigger event for thrombotic microangiopathy, patients with hepatobiliary sepsis may benefit from elective cholecystectomy. We conclude that bacterial infection frequently triggers TTP and other thrombotic microangiopathies in patients with preexisting risk factors and propose a model for the development of these syndromes. © J. Clin. Apheresis 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A case report of successful treatment with plasma exchange for adult‐onset Still's disease with autoimmune hepatitis
Authors: Liu Lin‐Lin , Feng Mao‐Ling , Wang Li‐Ning , Li Xiao‐Li , Yao Li 
Published: January 2010

AbstractAdult onset Still's disease (AOSD) is a rare systemic inflammatory disorder of unknown etiology and pathogenesis. The disease is characterized by typical spiking fever with evanescent rash, sore throat, polyarthralgias or polyarthritis, and involvement of various organs. Most of the reported cases with liver involvement occurred during the period of treatment with hepatotoxic drugs, whereas AOSD associated autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is extremely rare. AIH may be an indicator of the poor prognosis of AOSD. Herein we describe a case of successful treatment with plasma exchange for AOSD‐associated AIH. J. Clin. Apheresis 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Electrochemical immunoassay for human chorionic gonadotrophin based on Pt hollow nanospheres and silver/titanium dioxide nanocomposite matrix
Authors: Yang Hongchuan , Yuan Ruo , Chai Yaqin , Zhuo Ying , Su Huilan 
Published: January 2010

AbstractBACKGROUND:A new electrochemical immunosensor for human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) assay was developed based on Pt hollow nanospheres and silver/titanium dioxide nanocomposites. Silver nanoparticles were initially doped into TiO2and chitosan (Cs) colloids to form silver/titanium dioxide nanocomposites (AgTiO2Cs), which had good redox electrochemical activity and excellent film‐forming ability. Then, the free amino groups of chitosan were used to attach Pt hollow nanospheres for immobilization of human chorionic gonadotropin antibody (anti‐HCG) to construct an immunosensor.RESULTS:Cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) confirmed consecutive growth of the multilayer films, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was used to describe the microstructure of nanoparticles. Optimal response of the immunosensor was obtained at pH 6.5 and 25 °C with an incubation time of 40 min. The immunosensor exhibited a linear range from 0.5 to 250 mIU mL−1HCG with a detection limit of 0.26 mIU mL−1at three times background noise. The selectivity, stability and repeatability of the immunosensor were satisfactory.CONCLUSION:The strategy showed low‐cost, high sensitivity, broad linear range and fast analytical time. It is expected that the immobilized technique and the detection methodology could be further developed for other proteins. Copyright © 2010 Society of Chemical Industry
Hypercalcemia and acute renal failure in milk‐alkali syndrome: A case report
Authors: Ulett Kimberly , Wells Bryan , Centor Robert 
Published: January 2010

AbstractHistorically, the milk‐alkali syndrome developed as an adverse reaction to the Sippy regimen of milk, cream and alkaline powders as treatment for peptic ulcer disease. The classic description includes hypercalcemia, metabolic alkalosis, and renal failure. Over the past 20 years, milk‐alkali syndrome has had a resurgence, as consumption of supplements containing calcium has increased. A 46‐year‐old man presented to the emergency department after outpatient labs to evaluate his fatigue. He was found to have acute renal failure and hypercalcemia (total serum calcium was 15.9 mg/dL). Subsequent laboratory evaluation excluded both hyperparathyroidism and malignancy as causes. A detailed history led to the diagnosis of milk‐alkali syndrome. With hydration and cessation of calcium carbonate ingestion, his renal function and serum calcium levels returned to normal. Physicians should have a high index of suspicion for milk‐alkali syndrome in patients with hypercalcemia. Milk‐alkali syndrome is no longer a merely a historical curiosity; it is currently the third most common cause of hypercalcemia. Journal of Hospital Medicine 2010;5:E18–E20. © 2010 Society of Hospital Medicine.
Donation of explanted pacemakers for reuse in underserved nations
Authors: Stanyon Robert 
Published: January 2010

AbstractSome charitable organizations and physicians are willing to assist in the compassionate donation of explanted pacemakers for reuse in medically underserved nations. However, healthcare organizations must recognize that the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), device manufacturers, professional societies and many physicians advocate return of explanted pacemakers to the manufacturer to ensure an accurate performance database promoting improved device reliability and safety for the patient.
A double role of sperm in scorpions: The mating plug of Euscorpius italicus (Scorpiones: Euscorpiidae) consists of sperm
Authors: Althaus Sarah , Jacob Alain , Graber Werner , Hofer Deborah , Nentwig Wolfgang , Kropf Christian 
Published: January 2010

AbstractMating plugs occluding the female gonopore after mating are a widespread phenomenon. In scorpions, two main types of mating plugs are found: sclerotized mating plugs being parts of the spermatophore that break off during mating, and gel‐like mating plugs being gelatinous fluids that harden in the female genital tract. In this study, the gel‐like mating plug of Euscorpius italicus was investigated with respect to its composition, fine structure, and changes over time. Sperm forms the major component of the mating plug, a phenomenon previously unknown in arachnids. Three parts of the mating plug can be distinguished. The part facing the outside of the female (outer part) contains sperm packages containing inactive spermatozoa. In this state, sperm is transferred. In the median part, the sperm packages get uncoiled to single spermatozoa. In the inner part, free sperm is embedded in a large amount of secretions. Fresh mating plugs are soft gelatinous, later they harden from outside toward inside. This process is completed after 3‐5 days. Sperm from artificially triggered spermatophores could be activated by immersion in insect Ringer's solution indicating that the fluid condition in the females' genital tract or females' secretions causes sperm activation. Because of the male origin of the mating plug, it has likely evolved under sperm competition or sexual conflict. As females refused to remate irrespective of the presence or absence of a mating plug, females may have changed their mating behavior in the course of evolution from polyandry to monandry. J. Morphol., 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Relating the ontogeny of functional morphology and prey selection with larval mortality in Amphiprion frenatus
Authors: Anto Justin , Turingan Ralph G. 
Published: January 2010

AbstractSurvival during the pelagic larval phase of marine fish is highly variable and is subject to numerous factors. A sharp decline in the number of surviving larvae usually occurs during the transition from endogenous to exogenous feeding known as the first feeding stage in fish larvae. The present study was designed to evaluate the link between functional morphology and prey selection in an attempt to understand how the relationship influences mortality of a marine fish larva, Amphiprion frenatus, through ontogeny. Larvae were reared from hatch to 14 days post hatch (DPH) with one of four diets [rotifers and newly hatched Artemia sp. nauplii (RA); rotifers and wild plankton (RP); rotifers, wild plankton, and newly hatched Artemia nauplii (RPA); wild plankton and newly hatched Artemia nauplii (PA)]. Survival did not differ among diets. Larvae from all diets experienced mass mortality from 1 to 5 DPH followed by decreased mortality from 6 to 14 DPH; individuals fed RA were the exception, exhibiting continuous mortality from 6 to 14 DPH. Larvae consumed progressively larger prey with growth and age, likely due to age related increase in gape. During the mass mortality event, larvae selected small prey items and exhibited few ossified elements. Cessation of mass mortality coincided with consumption of large prey and ossification of key elements of the feeding apparatus. Mass mortality did not appear to be solely influenced by inability to establish first feeding. We hypothesize the interaction of reduced feeding capacities (i.e., complexity of the feeding apparatus) and larval physiology such as digestion or absorption efficiency contributed to the mortality event during the first feeding period. J. Morphol., 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The histological structure of glyptosaurine osteoderms (Squamata: Anguidae), and the problem of osteoderm development in squamates
Authors: Buffrénil Vivian de , Sire Jean‐Yves , Rage Jean‐Claude 
Published: January 2010

AbstractGlyptosaurinae, a fossil clade of anguid lizards, possess robust osteoderms, with granular ornamentation. In this study, the structural and histological features of these osteoderms were described in order to reconstruct their developmental pattern and further document the degree of homology that could exist between vertebrate integumentary skeletons. Glyptosaurine osteoderms have a diploe architecture and display an unusually complex structure that includes four tissue types: a core of woven‐fibered bone intensely remodeled; a peripheral formation of the same tissue containing dense bundles of long Sharpey fibers; a thick basal layer of lamellar bone; and a superficial layer of a non‐osseous material that belongs to the category of hypermineralized tissues such as ganoine, or enameloid and enamel tissues. The growth pattern of glyptosaurine osteoderms involved appositional processes due to osteoblast activity. In early growth stages, osseous metaplasia might have also been involved, but this possibility is not substantiated by histological observations. The superficial layer of the osteoderms must have resulted from epidermal contribution, a conclusion that would support previous hypotheses on the role of epidermal‐dermal interactions in the formation of squamate osteoderms. J. Morphol., 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Use of the FACTS solvation model for protein–ligand docking calculations. Application to EADock
Authors: Zoete Vincent , Grosdidier Aurélien , Cuendet Michel , Michielin Olivier 
Published: January 2010

AbstractProtein–ligand docking has made important progress during the last decade and has become a powerful tool for drug development, opening the way to virtual high throughput screening and in silico structure‐based ligand design. Despite the flattering picture that has been drawn, recent publications have shown that the docking problem is far from being solved, and that more developments are still needed to achieve high successful prediction rates and accuracy. Introducing an accurate description of the solvation effect upon binding is thought to be essential to achieve this goal. In particular, EADock uses the Generalized Born Molecular Volume 2 (GBMV2) solvent model, which has been shown to reproduce accurately the desolvation energies calculated by solving the Poisson equation. Here, the implementation of the Fast Analytical Continuum Treatment of Solvation (FACTS) as an implicit solvation model in small molecules docking calculations has been assessed using the EADock docking program. Our results strongly support the use of FACTS for docking. The success rates of EADock/FACTS and EADock/GBMV2 are similar, i.e. around 75% for local docking and 65% for blind docking. However, these results come at a much lower computational cost: FACTS is 10 times faster than GBMV2 in calculating the total electrostatic energy, and allows a speed up of EADock by a factor of 4. This study also supports the EADock development strategy relying on the CHARMM package for energy calculations, which enables straightforward implementation and testing of the latest developments in the field of Molecular Modeling. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Polyaniline/carbon nanotubes platform for sexually transmitted disease detection
Authors: Singh Renu , Dhand Chetna , Sumana Gajjala , Verma Rachna , Sood Seema , Gupta Rajinder Kumar , Malhotra Bansi Dhar 
Published: January 2010

AbstractPolyaniline/carbon nanotubes composite (PANI‐CNT) electrochemically deposited onto indium‐tin‐oxide (ITO) coated glass plate has been utilized for Neisseria gonorrhoeae detection by immobilizing 5′‐amino‐labeled Neisseria gonorrhoeae probe (aDNA) using glutaraldehyde as a cross‐linker. PANI‐CNT/ITO and aDNA‐Glu‐PANI‐CNT/ITO electrodes have been characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier Transform Infrared (FT‐IR) spectroscopy, cyclic voltammetry (CV), and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV). This bioelectrode can be used to detect N. gonorrhoeae using methylene blue (MB) as redox indicator with response time of 60 s and stability of about 75 days when stored under refrigerated conditions. DPV studies reveal that this bioelectrode can detect complementary DNA concentration from 1 × 10−6 M to 1 × 10−17 M with detection limit of 1.2 × 10−17 M. Further, this bioelectrode (aDNA‐Glu‐PANI‐CNT/ITO) exhibits specificity toward N. gonorrhoeae species and shows negative response with non‐Neisseria gonorrhoeae Neisseria species (NgNS) and other gram negative bacteria (GNB). Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The Forecast Interpretation Tool—a Monte Carlo technique for blending climatic distributions with probabilistic forecasts
Authors: Husak Gregory J. , Michaelsen Joel , Kyriakidis Phaedon , Verdin James P. , Funk Chris , Galu Gideon 
Published: January 2010

AbstractProbabilistic forecasts are produced from a variety of outlets to help predict rainfall, and other meteorological events, for periods of 1 month or more. Such forecasts are expressed as probabilities of a rainfall event, e.g. being in the upper, middle, or lower third of the relevant distribution of rainfall in the region. The impact of these forecasts on the expectation for the event is not always clear or easily conveyed. This article proposes a technique based on Monte Carlo simulation for adjusting existing climatologic statistical parameters to match forecast information, resulting in new parameters defining the probability of events for the forecast interval. The resulting parameters are shown to approximate the forecasts with reasonable accuracy. To show the value of the technique as an application for seasonal rainfall, it is used with consensus forecast developed for the Greater Horn of Africa for the 2009 March‐April‐May season. An alternative, analytical approach is also proposed, and discussed in comparison to the first simulation‐based technique. Copyright © 2010 Royal Meteorological Society
A vibrational spectroscopic investigation of rhodanine and its derivatives in the solid state
Authors: Jabeen Saima , Dines Trevor J. , Leharne Stephen A. , Withnall Robert , Chowdhry Babur Z. 
Published: January 2010

AbstractRaman and infrared spectra are reported for rhodanine, 3‐aminorhodanine and 3‐methylrhodanine in the solid state. Comparisons of the spectra of non‐deuterated/deuterated species facilitate discrimination of the bands associated with NH, NH2, CH2 and CH3 vibrations. DFT calculations of structures and vibrational spectra of isolated gas‐phase molecules, at the B3‐LYP/cc‐pVTZ and B3‐PW91/cc‐pVTZ level, enable normal coordinate analyses in terms of potential energy distributions for each vibrational normal mode. The cis amide I mode of rhodanine is associated with bands at ∼1713 and 1779 cm−1, whereas a Raman and IR band at ∼1457 cm−1 is assigned to the amide II mode. The thioamide II and III modes of rhodanine, 3‐aminorhodanine and 3‐methylrhodanine are observed at 1176 and 1066/1078; 1158 and 1044; 1107 and 984 cm−1 in the Raman and at 1187 and 1083; 1179 and 1074; 1116 and 983 cm−1 in the IR spectra, respectively. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Surface‐enhanced Raman spectroscopic analysis of fonofos pesticide adsorbed on silver and gold nanoparticles
Authors: Vongsvivut Jitraporn , Robertson Evan G. , McNaughton Don 
Published: January 2010

AbstractSurface‐enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) spectra of fonofos, an organophosphorous pesticide (OPP), were recorded using citrate‐reduced silver (Ag) and gold (Au) colloidal nanoparticles in the form of dried films. In this study, significant enhancements were achieved with fonofos concentrations down to ∼10 ppm with the Ag colloids, demonstrating a potential for the technique in the analysis of fonofos residues. Successful formation of the SERS‐active metal aggregates was indicated by the presence of a plasmon band at longer wavelengths in the UV–visible spectrum. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images revealed distinctively different morphologies of the aggregates formed by the two metals, while the observed SERS spectral features of fonofos were also found to be different for molecules adsorbed on Ag and Au colloidal surfaces. This evidence suggests metal‐induced changes in adsorption behavior of the fonofos analyte, leading to the different binding structures onto the different metal surfaces. Comparisons between the most prominent SERS‐enhanced bands and the precise mode descriptions predicted through density functional theory (DFT) simulations at the B3LYP/6‐311 + G(d,p) level allowed an in‐depth orientation analysis of the adsorbed species on metal surfaces. Nevertheless, the ring vibrations were found to possess a major contribution in the observed SERS enhancements for both metal nanoparticles. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Essential oil yield and composition of Pistacia vera ‘Kerman’ fruits, peduncles and leaves grown in California
Authors: Dragull Klaus , Beck John J , Merrill Glory B 
Published: January 2010

AbstractBACKGROUND: Pistacia vera ‘Kerman’ is the predominant pistachio nut cultivar in the United States (California), the world's second largest producer. Despite several reports on the essential oil (EO) content in the genus Pistacia, data on ‘Kerman’ are limited. The EO content and volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions of tree nut orchards are of current interest to researchers investigating insect pests and the potential role of EO and VOCs as semiochemicals. To establish a basis for the VOC output of pistachios, the EO content of fruits, peduncles, and leaves was analyzed.RESULTS: Evaluated plant parts contained limonene as the primary EO component, followed by α‐terpinolene. Peduncles were unique in containing relatively high levels of α‐thujene. The results were reproducible between two different geographical locations. In situ solid phase microextraction (SPME) studies demonstrated the volatile emission was representative of the EO composition.CONCLUSION: This is the first report detailing the content and distribution of EO and the unique limonene‐dominant profile for this Pistacia vera cultivar which may influence pistachio insect pest semiochemical research. Copyright © 2010 Society of Chemical Industry
Production of trans‐free margarine stock by enzymatic interesterification of rice bran oil, palm stearin and coconut oil
Authors: Adhikari Prakash , Shin Jung‐Ah , Lee Jeung‐Hee , Hu Jiang‐Ning , Zhu Xue‐Mei , Akoh Casimir C , Lee Ki‐Teak 
Published: January 2010

AbstractBACKGROUND: Trans‐free interesterified fat was produced for possible usage as a spreadable margarine stock. Rice bran oil, palm stearin and coconut oil were used as substrates for lipase‐catalyzed reaction.RESULTS: After interesterification, 137–150 g kg−1 medium‐chain fatty acid was incorporated into the triacylglycerol (TAG) of the interesterified fats. Solid fat contents at 25 °C were 15.5–34.2%, and slip melting point ranged from 27.5 to 34.3 °C. POP and PPP (β‐tending TAG) in palm stearin decreased after interesterification. X‐ray diffraction analysis demonstrated that the interesterified fats contained mostly β′ polymorphic forms, which is a desirable property for margarines.CONCLUSIONS: The interesterified fats showed desirable physical properties and suitable crystal form (β′ polymorph) for possible use as a spreadable margarine stock. Therefore, our result suggested that the interesterified fat without trans fatty acid could be used as an alternative to partially hydrogenated fat. Copyright © 2010 Society of Chemical Industry
A new FT‐IR method combined with multivariate analysis for the classification of vinegars from different raw materials and production processes
Authors: Guerrero Enrique Durán , Mejías Remedios Castro , Marín Ramón Natera , Lovillo Miguel Palma , Barroso Carmelo García 
Published: January 2010

AbstractBACKGROUND: Due to the diversity of vinegars on the market and the increase in demand, it is considered necessary to investigate and establish criteria for classifying them in order to obtain more information concerning their real origin. New spectroscopic techniques such us mid‐infrared spectroscopy with Fourier transform (FT‐IR) are capable of providing information in relation to these aspects. FT‐IR combined with multivariate analysis has been used to classify vinegars according to the raw materials and production processes (with or without ageing in wood). Principal component analysis (PCA), partial least‐squares discriminant analysis regression (PLS‐DA) and stepwise linear discriminant analysis (SLDA) were used.RESULTS: The results obtained have been compared to those achieved using different analytical parameters (polyphenolic content, organic acids and volatile compounds). SLDA and PLS‐DA results show the ability of mid‐FT‐IR spectra to discriminate among vinegars from different raw materials and with or without ageing in wood, with correct classification percentages similar to those obtained using different analytical parameters.CONCLUSION: The discriminative ability combined with other advantages (e.g. rapid and non‐destructive analysis, low cost) makes this new FT‐IR method a promising tool for the classification and/or differentiation of vinegars. Copyright © 2010 Society of Chemical Industry