bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Dynamics and Gravitational-wave Signal of a Binary Flying Closely by a Kerr Supermassive Black Hole
Authors: Zhang Zhongfu , Chen Xian 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Recent astrophysical models predict that stellar-mass binary black holes (BBHs) could form and coalesce within a few gravitational radii of a supermassive black hole (SMBH). Detecting the gravitational waves (GWs) from such systems requires numerical tools that can track the dynamics of the binaries while capturing all the essential relativistic effects. This work develops upon our earlier study of a BBH moving along a circular orbit in the equatorial plane of a Kerr SMBH. Here we modify the numerical method to simulate a BBH falling toward the SMBH along a parabolic orbit of arbitrary inclination with respect to the equator. By tracking the evolution in a frame freely falling alongside the binary, we find that the eccentricity of the BBH is more easily excited than it is in the previous equatorial case, and that the cause is the asymmetry of the tidal tensor imposed on the binary when the binary moves out of the equatorial plane. Since the eccentricity reaches maximum around the same time as the BBH becomes the closest to the SMBH, multiband GW bursts could be produced that are simultaneously detectable by space- and ground-based detectors. We show that the effective spin parameters of such GW events also undergo significant variation due to the rapid reorientation of the inner BBHs during their interaction with SMBHs. These results demonstrate the richness of three-body dynamics in the region of strong gravity, and highlight the necessity of building new numerical tools to simulate such systems.
Investigating the Unique Drift Behavior of PSR B2110+27 with FAST
Authors: Xu Xin , Zhi Qijun , Bai Juntao , Wen Zhigang , Yan Wenming , Tian Jie , Qiao Guojun , You Ziyi 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Careful scrutiny of the single pulse emissions from PSR B2110+27 has been conducted through highly sensitive observations using the Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical radio Telescope (FAST) at a central frequency of 1250 MHz. Our investigation revealed significant subpulse drift behavior and nulling in this pulsar. Moreover, we observed that the nulling events tend to be of short duration, with an estimated overall nulling fraction of approximately 27% ± 3%. It is noteworthy that the drift direction of the subpulses exhibits abrupt changes, occasionally transitioning into a steady state or displaying a low drift rate. Analysis using longitude resolved fluctuation spectra indicates the presence of two distinct repetition periods for the pulsar: P
3 = (10.8 ± 2.5)P and P
3 = (31.6 ± 4.2)P, where P denotes the pulsar period. Our investigation revealed that the subpulse separation remains consistent across different drift patterns, with P
2 = 2.°3 ± 0.°2. A more comprehensive analysis indicates that the unique drift behavior observed can be explained by a carousel model of the dipole field. Minor changes in P
2 and drift rate caused significant variations in the apparent P
3 and abrupt shifts in the drift direction, while the true repetition period (assuming first-order aliasing) changed by only ∼10%. We observe a drift band memory and apparent phase memory across the null state in this pulsar, as well as variations in the drift rate and drift direction across the null state, though we have not detected significant periodicity of the nulling itself. This suggests that these phenomena may arise from random null pulses intersecting with the frequently aliased drift bands.
Educational Outcomes in Undergraduate Nursing: A Systematic Review
Authors: Jenkins Barnard Patricia , Saylor Jennifer , Graber Jennifer , Trinkaus Donna 
Published: June 2024

Background:
Baccalaureate nursing education has experienced tremendous challenges requiring new flexibility of moving among traditional classroom, online education, and other teaching modalities to improve student outcomes, combined with the pressing need for determining which educational methods deliver quality instruction while having a positive effect on outcomes. This systematic review explored different teaching modalities and measurable educational student outcomes in undergraduate baccalaureate education.

Method:
A systematic review was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines.

Results:
Of the 20 articles included in this systematic review, simulation, face-to-face, asynchronous, problem-based learning, gaming, flipped classrooms, reflective writing, tweets, and podcasts were represented. Three distinct educational outcomes that were identified included competence, confidence, and communication.

Conclusion:

A variety of educational methodologies drives positive outcomes in educating the next generation of nurses to have increased competence, confidence, and improved communication.

[
J Nurs Educ
. 2024;63(6):380–386.]
Le Saint Jean Baptiste de Léonard de Vinci. Entre ombre et lumière
Authors: Ravaud Élisabeth , Eveno Myriam , Delieuvin Vincent 
Published: June 2024

La restauration du Saint Jean Baptiste (Paris, musée du Louvre, inv. 775) a été l’occasion de reprendre et d’approfondir nos connaissances sur la mise en œuvre de ce chef-d’œuvre quasi monochrome sublimant la technique du sfumato. L’étude scientifique met en lumière une économie de moyens remarquable. Elle permet de mieux appréhender les difficultés de la restauration et le résultat obtenu.
Clozapine Withdrawal Catatonia: A Case Series and Review of Literature
Authors: Jagota Gopika , Grover Sandeep 
Published: June 2024

Background:
Catatonia has been reported with withdrawal of medications. Among the various psychotropics, clozapine has been implicated to cause catatonia when abruptly withdrawn. The data regarding clozapine withdrawal catatonia are scarce and are mostly available in the form of case reports and series.

Aim:
In this case series, we present three cases of clozapine withdrawal catatonia and review the available literature on clozapine withdrawal clozapine.

Results:
All the three patients developed catatonia within 48 h to 14 days of stoppage of clozapine in the doses of 100–350 mg/day. Two of the patients experiencing clozapine withdrawal improved with reinstitution of clozapine in the previous doses along with benzodiazepines. However, one patient additionally required electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) for the management of withdrawal catatonia. A review of literature showed that clozapine withdrawal catatonia has male preponderance and has been reported with withdrawal of clozapine doses of 50–550 mg/day. The catatonia usually starts in 48 h to 2 weeks of stopping clozapine. Available literature suggests that most of the patients have been managed with restarting of clozapine, along with lorazepam and occasional patients require ECT.

Conclusions:
To conclude our case series and the available review of literature suggests that sudden discontinuation of clozapine can lead to withdrawal catatonia. Our cases also highlight the importance of reviewing treatment history, especially of abrupt discontinuation of clozapine when a patient on clozapine present with catatonia. This can be very helpful in deciding about further management.
A Cross-Sectional Study of Self-Esteem and Body Image Satisfaction among Primary School Teachers in Sonitpur, Assam
Authors: Banerjee Indrajeet , Paul Fayaz Ahmad , Swain Mamata Rani 
Published: June 2024

Background:
Body image is a multidimensional dynamic construct that involves internal biological and psychological factors as well as external cultural and social determinants. Body image concerns are connected with total poor self-concept in early adolescents, including poor physical, social, and academic self-concepts as well as low overall self-esteem (SE).

Objective:
The present study aims to examine the SE and body image satisfaction among primary school teachers in Sonitpur, Assam.

Materials and Methods:
The study was cross-sectional in nature. A total of 60 primary school teachers who were above 18 years of age were selected from 12 schools randomly and were included in the study. Data collection was collected with the help of the following tools: sociodemographic datasheet, Rosenberg SE Scale, Body Shape Questionnaire, and Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale-21 items by investigators from February 2022 to July 2022 in Sonitpur province, Assam. Descriptive statistics were used to determine categorical variables, and analysis was carried out by computing percentages and the Chi-square test.

Results:
The results of the present study revealed that 15.0% of the respondents showed mild-to-moderate stress, 30.0% had mild-to-severe anxiety, and 1.7% had mild depression. A significant negative correlation was found between SE and stress (r = −0.421, P < 0.01) and SE and anxiety (r = −0.433, P < 0.01). Furthermore, a significant correlation was found between body shape (BS) and weight (r = 0.590, P < 0.05), BS and stress (r = 0.355, P < 0.01), and BS and anxiety (r = 0.333, P < 0.01).

Conclusion:
People with lower SE are progressively likely to report dissatisfied with their body size or shape and irrespective of age or gender. Since body image represents a large part of a person’s self-concept, it is unsurprising that SE and body dissatisfaction are related.
A Qualitative Study on Understanding the Process of Nonsuicidal Self-injury
Authors: Savla Hetvi Y. , Sutar Deepmala 
Published: June 2024

Background:Intentional self-harm presents a significant challenge within the mental health system, yet misconceptions persist regarding its nature, particularly the view that nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) serves as a mere call for attention and represents impulsive behavior. This study aimed to explore the process and experiences of self-harm among young adults in India to address this stigmatization.Methods:Semi-structured interviews were conducted with eight participants aged 21–24 years, encompassing diverse psychiatric diagnoses and a history of NSSI. These interviews aimed to delve into the nuanced experiences and perspectives surrounding self-harm in this demographic.Results:Thematic analysis of the interviews unveiled six overarching themes: distal risk factors, proximal risk factors, methods and conditions to self-harm, during the act, after the act, and considerations to be taken while planning intervention. These themes shed light on various factors influencing self-harm behaviors and the context in which they occur.Conclusion:The findings underscore the necessity of incorporating individuals’ unique processes of self-harm into intervention planning to effectively support those at risk of self-harm. By understanding the complex interplay of factors involved, mental health professionals can develop targeted and comprehensive interventions to address NSSI effectively.
A Qualitative Study on Unmet Mental Health Needs of Indian Human Immunodeficiency Virus-positive Men Who Have Sex with Men
Authors: Sawant Neena , Das Nishant , Acharya Shrikala M. , Anvekar Aditya R. , Rathod Anuradha D. , Pawar Neil D. 
Published: June 2024

Background:
The prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in the population of men who have sex with men (MSM) in India is higher than that of the general population, making them one of the high-risk population groups. This subgroup is also at a higher risk for mental disorders, substance use, and stigma due to their MSM status. There is a paucity of data about this in the Indian HIV-positive MSM subgroup.

Aim:
The study aimed to explore the understanding of “mental health” among MSM living with HIV and bring forth their unmet mental health needs.

Methods:
The study used a qualitative design with purposive sampling. Seven people living with HIV from a randomly selected antiretroviral therapy center in Mumbai, who identified as MSM, participated in the study. Data were collected through focus group discussion, audio recorded with consent, and then a thematic analysis of the transcript was done.

Results:
The responses were summarized into four broad categories – mental health problems, psychosocial and economic problems, philosophical conflicts, and coping strategies. The categories further generated multiple themes. Themes such as worries about the illness, fear of impending death, low self-esteem, stigma around HIV and homosexuality, and perceived and experienced discrimination were recurrent. Mental illness was perceived as an additional burden to their already existing health problem.

Conclusion:
This study provided a deeper understanding of the unmet mental health needs and psychosocial challenges faced by the HIV-infected Indian MSM. It may help the policymakers of the country to modify the existing health and social benefit schemes.
Quality-of-Life Assessment in Singaporean Children with Alopecia Areata
Authors: Chong Eleanor JX , Yep Joanne , Ho Valerie PY , Foong Alice YW , Koh Mark JA 
Published: June 2024

Introduction:
Alopecia areata (AA) is an autoimmune dermatological disorder characterized by nonscarring hair loss. Its chronic and visible nature can negatively impact the quality of life (QoL) of patients with the condition. There has been a lack of studies on the QoL of pediatric patients with AA, especially from Asian countries.

Objectives:
This study aims to evaluate the impact of AA on the QoL of pediatric patients in Singapore.

Methods:
Between 2016 and 2017, 25 patients with AA were recruited to complete three questionnaires: Children’s Dermatology Life Quality Index (CDLQI), Family Dermatology Life Quality Index (FDLQI), and Pediatric Alopecia Areata Quality of Life Index. The results of these questionnaires were subsequently analyzed.

Results:
All three questionnaires had a broad range of responses, but scores were generally low, suggesting AA does not have a large impact on the QoL of our participants and their families. Two factors were identified to have resulted in better outcomes: the presence of comorbidity (atopic dermatitis, nail disease, food allergy, and allergic rhinitis) on the CDLQI and the presence of allergic rhinitis on the FDLQI. On the other hand, a later age of onset resulted in higher FDLQI scores.

Conclusions:
Similar to findings of other studies, the QoL of pediatric patients with AA is generally good, and clinical severity does not equate to worse QoL. Further studies are useful to provide more holistic care for the patient and their caregivers, involving both medical and psychosocial interventions.
Disability and Family Burden among Individuals with Schizophrenia and Obsessive–Compulsive Disorder
Authors: Singh Bhupendra , Sweta  , Chakraborty Satabdi , Singh Upendra 
Published: June 2024

Background:
In recent years, the evaluation of disability in people with severe mental health disorders has grown in importance. Caregivers of individuals with chronic psychiatric diseases face a multitude of psychological challenges. The burden of care is the aggregate term for these challenges. The assessment of burden has become particularly important with the emergence of deinstitutionalization and the treating individuals in the community.

Objective:
The objective was to study the level of disability and family burden among family caregivers of individuals with schizophrenia and obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD).

Materials and Methods:
A total of 120 patients (60 with schizophrenia and 60 with OCD) diagnosed as per the International Classification of Diseases-10 were selected purposively from a mental health institute in North India. The Indian Disability Evaluation and Assessment Scale was used for measuring disability, and the Family Burden Scale was administered to know the level of family burden.

Results:
Twenty-six percent of individuals with schizophrenia had a profound level of disability, and about 45% of individuals had a severe level of disability from both the groups; more than half (53%) of the OCD individuals reported moderate-level disability. The family burden was found high (53%) to moderate (46%) in both the groups.

Conclusion:
Although individuals with schizophrenia had more severe disability and family burden, individuals with OCD were not too far behind. A holistic management plan should address these parameters in addition to symptomatic recovery. Thus, the management planning should consider yielding better outcomes in both conditions.
Comparative Analysis of the Effects of Two Different Drill Designs on Insertion Torque and Primary Stability during Osteotomy – An In Vivo Animal Study
Authors: Arpudaswamy Sudhakar , Ali S. Syed Asaraf , Karthigeyan Suma , Ponnanna A , Nadhini Yamini , Eazhil R 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT

Objective:
This study aims to evaluate the effects of two drill designs on insertion torque (IT) and implant stability quotient (ISQ) during osteotomy.

Methodology:
This in vivo animal study involved eight female New Zealand white rabbits divided into two groups: Group A underwent osteotomy using standard drills from the Zimmer surgical kit, and Group B used Densah drills. IT values and ISQ were taken during and after implant placement. Rabbits received premedication, and postoperative care was provided.

Results:
Significant differences in peak IT were observed between the two groups, with Group B demonstrating a statistically significant advantage. However, no significant differences were found in ISQ between the groups.

Conclusion:
This study highlights the potential benefits of osseodensification in enhancing primary stability during osteotomy.
Effect of handgrip isometric exercise training on reduction of resting blood pressure among individuals of different age groups
Authors: Aathira Thampuram Valappil , Sivakumar Mullimalai Raman 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background:
Lifestyle choices, such as smoking, eating habits, alcohol consumption, and physical inactivity, have contributed to a global increase in hypertension throughout younger and older age groups. Isometric exercise is one of the nonpharmacological techniques for treating hypertension. It is less expensive, simpler, and takes less time.

Aim:
This study aimed to determine how handgrip isometric exercise training affects resting blood pressure (BP) in people of different ages and genders.

Materials and Methods:
For the study, 75 participants varying in age from 25 to 65 years were recruited. The study examined things including age, gender, maximum voluntary contraction, and BP. Patients who satisfied the study requirements were recruited and their BP variations (systolic BP [SBP] and diastolic BP [DBP]) were measured with a sphygmomanometer.

Statistical Analysis:
For normally distributed continuous variables, variables are described as mean and standard deviation. To compare SBP and DBP before and after exercise between weeks 1 and 4, the one-way analysis of variance and post hoc Tukey test were utilized. To investigate differences between males and females, an independent t test was used. A paired t test was performed to compare BP levels before and after activity training in the same group. P value of 0.05 was considered to be significant.

Result:
The study discovered that 4 weeks of isometric handgrip exercise training resulted in a significant decrease in resting BP. The data also show that the difference in resting BP reductions between different ages is not statistically significant (P > 0.05), and there is no statistical difference in BP reduction between males and females.

Conclusion:
After 4 weeks of isometric handgrip exercise training, resting BP (SBP and DBP) decreased substantially. Furthermore, there is no statistically significant difference in resting BP reduction across age groups or genders, according to this study
The impact of a raise, activate, mobilize, and potentiate (RAMP) warm-up protocol on speed, agility, and endurance in competitive male football players: a quasi-experimental study
Authors: Vadher Kamlesh P , Sanghvi Mansi , Tank Krupa 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background:
Football demands mastery of diverse motor skills, emphasizing intricate micro-movements. Effective warm-up protocols, such as raise, activate, mobilize, and potentiate (RAMP), are crucial for injury prevention and performance enhancement. RAMP systematically elevates heart rate, activates muscles, mobilizes joints, and potentiates neuromuscular systems. Its structured approach optimally prepares athletes for intensive training and on-field activities.

Aim:
This study aims to evaluate the effect of RAMP warm-up on speed, agility, and endurance in male football players.

Materials and Methods:
Fifty football players meeting specific criteria were chosen, briefed on study procedures, and provided written consent. They were randomly assigned to either a 4-week RAMP warm-up or a traditional warm-up group. Speed, agility, and endurance were assessed before and after the intervention using diverse tests.

Result:
Statistical tests included paired t tests for intra-group and independent t tests for inter-group comparisons. Intra-group analysis showed notable improvements in the 30-m sprint, agility t test, and Yo-Yo endurance. Between-group analysis indicated significant enhancements in functional performance for the RAMP warm-up group. Specifically, RAMP warm-up was effective in improving speed (P = 0.001), agility (P = 0.001), and endurance (P = 0.002).

Conclusion:
The study demonstrated that the RAMP warm-up effectively improved the speed, agility, and endurance of football players, highlighting its potential as a valuable addition to training programs.
Ab. No. 2 Physiotherapy for Managing Tremors in Patients With Parkinson’s – A Systematic Review
Authors: Narayanasetti Nagarjuna , Bansal Kshitija , Thomas Annie 
Published: June 2024

Introduction:
Primary parkinsonism is one of the most prevalent movement disorders characterized by hypokinesia, rigidity, and tremor. The number of PD cases is anticipated to rise on a global scale, making it crucial to find effective and affordable interventions. physiotherapy interventions have shown promise in managing tremors, but high-quality systematic reviews are limited. This systematic review aims to evaluate the benefits of physiotherapy treatments in managing tremors in Parkinson’s disease.

Methods:
The study followed the Centre for Reviews and Dissemination and PRISMA guidelines. A comprehensive search was conducted using multiple databases, including PubMed, EMBASE, AMED, and PsycINFO. Keywords related to PD, physiotherapy, and tremors were used. The eligibility of studies was assessed independently by two reviewers, and the quality of included studies was evaluated using the JBI risk of bias tool. Data extraction was performed, focusing on study characteristics, participant demographics, intervention details, and outcome measures.

Result:
A total of seven studies met the inclusion criteria. The sample sizes ranged from 10 to 79 participants, and the interventions varied from standard exercises to technological interventions. The findings from the included studies demonstrated the positive effects of physiotherapy interventions on tremor reduction and motor function improvement. However, due to the heterogeneity among the studies in terms of the classification of PD, outcomes measured, and intervention duration, it was challenging to draw definitive conclusions.

Conclusion:
In conclusion, while limited evidence exists, physiotherapy interventions have shown temporary benefits in reducing tremors and improving motor function in patients with PD.