bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Microfluidic Chip with Integrated Colloidal Crystal for Online Optical Analysis
Authors: Hoi Siew‐Kit , Chen Xiao , Kumar Vanga Sudheer , Homhuan Sureerat , Sow Chorng‐Haur , Bettiol Andrew A. 
Published: May 2011

AbstractA microfluidic chip that incorporates colloidal crystals inside a microchannel system for on‐chip integration of optical components is presented. It is demonstrated that the use of fluorescent spheres offers added advantages and functionality to the colloidal crystal array. Multifunctional optical components are demonstrated that are able to serve as a reference wavelength calibration line in measured reflectance spectra. Integrating colloidal crystals with varying filtering effects into a microfluidic chip enables selective transmission or blocking of a particular range of wavelengths locally. In addition, combinations of double‐band colloidal crystal filters provide further tunability of the working wavelength for on‐chip detection applications.
Unexpected changes in maternal breast size during pregnancy in relation to infant sex: An evolutionary interpretation
Authors: Galbarczyk Andrzej 
Published: May 2011

AbstractObjectives: This study evaluated changes in breast size during pregnancy depending on infant sex. Due to larger nutritional needs during lactation, male infants may stimulate greater changes in maternal breast size than female infants.Methods: Data were collected by an online questionnaire survey of 120 women from Poland, who had at least one child.Results: Changes in breast circumference during pregnancy were associated with the infant's gender. Surprisingly, mothers offemale infants had greater breast circumference changes than the mothers of male infants (P = 0.03).Conclusion: The observed difference is surprising in the light of studies reporting that mothers of male infants produced milk that had greater energy content. However, breast size alone does not determine the quality and quantity of produced milk. It is suggested that the larger difference in breast size for mothers of female infants results from a trade‐off between direct energy allocations to the growing fetus and to breast enlargement. Perhaps, as in other primates maintaining sexually attractive attributes during pregnancy, early breast enlargement in women is a primary sexual stimulus. The ultimate function of early breast enlargement may function to ensure greater involvement from partners, which is especially important to mothers expecting daughters, who might be in poorer nutritional condition, as predicted by Trivers‐Willard hypothesis. Am. J. Hum. Biol., 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Synthesis, characterization, and thermal degradation of p‐chloroacetophenone oxime based polymers having biological activities
Authors: Chauhan Narendra P. S. , Ameta Rakshit , Ameta Suresh C. 
Published: May 2011

AbstractA monomer, p‐chloroacetophenone oxime (CAO), has been synthesized from p‐chloroacetophenone and hydroxylamine hydrochloride and its copolymer resin p‐chloroacetophenone oxime‐formaldehyde (CAO‐F) has been synthesized from p‐chloroacetophenone oxime (CAO) and formaldehyde in 1 : 2M proportion. A terpolymer resin p‐chloroacetophenone oxime‐formaldehyde‐benzoic acid (CAO‐F‐BA) has also been synthesized by condensation of p‐chloroacetophenone oxime (CAO), benzoic acid (BA), and formaldehyde (F) in 1 : 1 : 2M proportion in the presence of hydrochloric acid. The structures of monomer, copolymer, and terpolymer have been investigated by FT‐IR, 1H‐NMR, and pyrolysis (GC/MS) techniques. Molecular weight and polydispersity index have been determined by gel permeation chromatography. Detailed thermal degradation studies of polymers have been carried out to ascertain its thermal stability. Multiple linear regression (MLR) method has been used to calculate activation energy (Ea) and frequency factor (Z). Thermodynamic parameters such as free energy (G*), entropy change (ΔS*), and rate constant for activation (kr) have also been evaluated on the basis on Ozawa‐Flynn‐Wall method. Softening temperatures (Ts) of these resins have been obtained from differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). All the synthesized resins have shown reasonably good antimicrobial activities as compared to standard drugs. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011
Reactive compatibilization of PA 6/ABS blends by ethylene‐acrylate‐glycidyl methacrylate copolymer
Authors: Huang Bofen , Li Dan , Li Zhiyuan , Li Xiao , Zhou Weihua 
Published: May 2011

AbstractThe polyamide 6/acrylonitrile‐butylene‐styrene copolymer (PA 6/ABS) blends were prepared using the twin‐screw extruder with ethylene‐acrylate‐glycidyl methacrylate copolymer (EAGMA) as the reactive compatibilizer. The structure, morphology, thermal, and mechanical properties of the blends were carefully investigated. The results indicated that the ring‐opening reaction of epoxy groups of EAGMA in the presence of amine and carboxyl groups of PA 6 led to the formation of EAGMA grafted PA 6 copolymer. The grafted copolymer serving as the compatibilizer eventually led to the decrease of the phase diameters as observed from the scanning electron microscope (SEM). The crystallization and melting behavior of PA 6 were restricted by the incorporation of both ABS and EAGMA, and the addition of EAGMA improved the thermal stability of the PA 6/ABS blends. Heat deformation temperature (HDT) of the blends reached a maximum value at EAGMA content of 12 wt %, which is about 45°C above the HDT of pristine PA 6. The tensile strength of the blends decreased with an increasing EAGMA content, and the impact strength of the blends showed the highest value at EAGMA content of 20 wt %, which is about 323% higher than that of pristine PA 6. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011.
Miscibility and rheology behaviors of poly(3‐hydroxybutyrate)/poly(p‐vinylphenol) blends with homogeneous amorphous compositions
Authors: Ding Guangzhu , Cui Kun , Liu Jieping 
Published: May 2011

AbstractThe miscibility and rheology behaviors of poly(3‐hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) and Poly(p‐vinylphenol) (PVPh) blends were studied in this work. It was evidenced that the miscible amorphous system of the PHB/PVPh blends was formed when the PHB content was less than 40%(wt). Linear dynamic viscoelasticity of the blends in the amorphous condition was studied through oscillatory shear measurements. Time‐temperature superposition principle (TTS) was applicable in the experimental window. The Han plots (log G′ versus log G″) were temperature independent, but the curvatures in the terminal region were much less than 2 and became smaller with increasing of the PVPh. It was considered that this phenomenon might come from the presence of the change of the whole hydrogen bonding (self‐associated and the hydrogen bonding between hydroxyl group and ester group) in the blends. The Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis supported this conclusion. It was found that the rubber plateau modulus for this blend system did not follow Wu's and Tsenoglou's model. This result was also caused by the presence of the hydrogen bonding. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011.
Development of porous lamellar chitosan‐alginate membranes: Effect of different surfactants on biomaterial properties
Authors: Zorzi Bueno Cecilia , Maria Moraes Ângela 
Published: May 2011

AbstractIn this work, porous lamellar chitosan‐alginate membranes were developed without the use of freeze‐drying methods or other vacuum‐based approaches. The effects of two different surfactants, Tween 80 and Pluronic F68, on the properties of the membranes were evaluated, aiming at the production of stable consistent foams with improved polysaccharide dispersion. The membranes prepared with Tween 80 had a tensile strength around 1.5 MPa, elongation at break of 2.1% and liquid uptake from 590 to 1370% in distinct solutions, increasing their thickness in up to 3.9 times when immersed in water. The membranes obtained with Pluronic F68 had a tensile strength of 1.0 MPa, elongation at break of 2.0% and liquid uptake from 774 to 1380%, showing an increase in thickness around 3.2 times after exposure to water. The antimicrobial properties of both membranes were also evaluated, showing that despite being porous, the membranes can provide some protection against bacterial permeation. Therefore, membranes produced with Tween 80 and Pluronic F68 were considered to have high potential for use in the production of wound dressings and scaffolds for tissue engineering. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011.
Identification of Serum Protein Markers for Breast Cancer Relapse With SELDI‐TOF MS
Authors: Lei Lei , Wang Xiao‐Jia , Zheng Zhi‐Guo , Huang Jian , Cao Wen‐Ming , Chen Zhan‐Hong , Shao Xi‐Ying , Cai Ju‐Fen , Ye Wei‐Wu , Lu Hong‐Yang 
Published: May 2011

AbstractSurface‐enhanced laser desorption/ionization time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry (SELDI‐TOF MS) was used to screen serum samples to identify protein markers for early breast cancer relapse. We collected 67 serum samples from patients with breast cancer (24 preoperative; 23 postoperative without breast cancer relapse; 20 postoperative with breast cancer relapse). Eight protein peaks varied between the presurgical group and the postsurgical group without breast cancer relapse; 4 protein peaks were differentially expressed between the postsurgical patients without relapse and patients with relapse. The peak at 3964 m/z dropped after surgery and rebounded after relapse (P < 0.01). These results indicate that there are differences in serum protein expression among the three different groups of patients. SELDI‐TOF MS could be used to screen blood samples for the early detection of relapse in primary breast cancer patients. Specifically, protein peak at 3964 m/z is a potential biomarker for the detection of early breast cancer relapse. Anat Rec, 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Enzyme‐Responsive Multifunctional Magnetic Nanoparticles for Tumor Intracellular Drug Delivery and Imaging
Authors: Yang Yanmei , Aw Junxin , Chen Kai , Liu Fang , Padmanabhan Parasuraman , Hou Yanglong , Cheng Zhen , Xing Bengang 
Published: May 2011

AbstractEnzyme‐responsive, hybrid, magnetic silica nanoparticles have been employed for multifunctional applications in selective drug delivery and intracellular tumor imaging. In this study, doxorubicin (Dox)‐conjugated, enzyme‐cleavable peptide precursors were covalently tethered onto the surface of uniform silica‐coated magnetic nanoparticles through click chemistry. This enzyme‐responsive nanoparticle conjugate demonstrated highly efficient Dox release upon specific enzyme interactions in vitro. It also exhibits multiple functions in selective tumor intracellular drug delivery and imaging in the tumor cells with high cathepsin B expression, whereas it exhibited lower cytotoxicity towards other cells without enzyme expression.
Biphenomycin B and Derivatives: Total Synthesis and Translation Inhibition
Authors: He Yu‐Peng , Tan Hao , Arve Lars , Baumann Sascha , Waldmann Herbert , Arndt Hans‐Dieter 
Published: May 2011

AbstractA full account on the synthesis of the antibiotic natural product biphenomycin B and several derivatives is reported, which employs a Suzuki coupling reaction of a free carboxylic acid and macrolactam formation as key transformations. Liberal exchange of the central amino acid was demonstrated. This procedure gave derivatives to study the influence of the polar side chain of the central amino acids on translation inhibition.
Erhöhung der Dauerhaftigkeit textiler Beton‐Bewehrungen durch Epoxidharztränkung
Authors: Büttner Till , Orlowsky Jeanette , Raupach Michael 
Published: May 2011

AbstractDie Dauerhaftigkeit, d. h. die Reduktion der Zugfestigkeit über die Lebensdauer von textilen Bewehrungsstrukturen in Betonbauteilen ist ein wesentlicher Bestandteil der Bemessung dieser Bauteile, da nur die am Ende der Lebensdauer zur Verfügung stehende Zugfestigkeit bei der Bemessung berücksichtigt werden kann. Die Bewehrungsstrukturen in textilbewehrten Bauteilen bestehen üblicherweise aus sogenanntem alkali‐beständigem Glas (AR‐Glas), dessen Dauerhaftigkeit in Beton allerdings trotz der chemischen Veränderungen der Glaszusammensetzung aus technischer Sicht nicht zufrieden stellend ist. Im Beitrag wird eine Möglichkeit zur Verbesserung der Dauerhaftigkeit mittels polymerer Tränkung der Bewehrung vorgestellt und gezeigt, inwieweit eine Verringerung des langfristigen Festigkeitsverlustes durch den Einsatz unterschiedlicher Epoxidharze erreicht werden kann.Enhancement of the durability of AR‐glass reinforcement due to an epoxy‐impregnation. The long term performance of textile reinforcement in a cementitious matrix is one important factor to be considered during the design process of textile‐re inforced concrete (TRC) elements, since only the residual tensile strength of the reinforcement at the end of the predicted life‐time can be taken into account. The reinforcement in textile‐reinforced concrete is usually made from alkali‐resistant glass rovings, but their durability in concrete is known to be unsatisfactory. Herein an approach is presented to improve the durability by impregnating the glass rovings with an insoluble epoxy resin which acts as a diffusion barrier against alkai ions. The results show that generally the durability can be improved by an impregnation in dependency of the material properties of the epoxy resin.
Ein Bemessungsmodell für Monopilegründungen unter zyklischen Horizontallasten
Authors: Ta&&num;351;an Ercan , Rackwitz Frank , Glasenapp Ralf 
Published: May 2011

AbstractMonopiles werden als Gründungen für die Offshore‐Windenergieanlagen (OWEA) in Nord‐ und Ostsee geplant und eingesetzt. Die Monopilegründungen werden neben den statischen Lasten insbesondere durch die hochzyklischen Horizontalbelastungen aus Wind und Wellengang beansprucht. Aufgrund der zyklischen Belastungen findet eine Akkumulation der Bodenverformungen und gleichzeitig auch der bleibenden Pfahlverschiebungen statt, die derzeit mit einem praxistauglichen Verfahren zuverlässig nicht quantifiziert werden können. Im vorliegenden Aufsatz wird ein anwendungsorientiertes Bemessungsmodell vorgestellt, welches unter Verwendung von statischen und zyklischen Triaxialversuchen eine Prognose der Verschiebungen von Monopiles unter zyklischen Horizontallasten mit variierenden Belastungsamplituden ermöglicht. Die Verifikation des vorgestellten Modells erfolgt durch eine Reihe von Monopileversuchen, die in der Geotechnischen Versuchsgrube der TU Berlin durchgeführten wurden. Die Anwendbarkeit des Modells zur Ermittlung der über die Nutzungsdauer einer OWEA zu erwartenden Verschiebungen der Monopilegründung wird anhand einer Beispielrechnung gezeigt.A design model for monopile foundations under cyclic horizontal loads. Monopiles are used and planned for foundations of offshore wind power turbines in the Northern and Baltic Sea. Besides the static loads, these piles are also subjected to high numbers of cyclic horizontal loads due to wind and water waves. The accumulation of soil deformations and pile displacements due to cyclic loads can not be reliably calculated based on current design methods. The paper presents a practical design approach for the prediction of monopile displacements due to irregular cyclic horizontal loads which can be suitably calibrated by means of static and cyclic triaxial test results. The design approach has been validated with results from monopile load tests. The practical application of the proposed method demonstrates its usefulness for the prediction of monopile displacements over the service lifetime of an offshore wind power turbine.
LONI & Co: Die epistemische Spezifität digitaler Wissensräume in der kognitiven Neurowissenschaft
Authors: Huber Lara 
Published: May 2011

AbstractLONI & Co: About the Epistemic Specificity of Digital Spaces of Knowledge in Cognitive Neuroscience. In the neurosciences digital databases more and more are becoming important tools of data rendering and distributing. This development is due to the growing impact of imaging based trial design in cognitive neuroscience, including morphological as much as functional imaging technologies. As the case of the ‘Laboratory of Neuro Imaging’ (LONI) is showing, databases are attributed a specific epistemological power: Since the 1990s databasing is seen to foster the integration of neuroscientific data, although local regimes of data production, ‐manipulation and ‐interpretation are also challenging this development. Databasing in the neurosciences goes along with the introduction of new structures of integrating local data, hence establishing digital spaces of knowledge (epistemic spaces): At this stage, inherent norms of digital databases are affecting regimes of imaging‐based trial design, for example clinical research into Alzheimer's disease.
A salvage procedure for an accidentally twisted small bowel in orthotopic duodenal reconstruction after pylorus‐preserving partial pancreatoduodenectomy
Authors: Käser S.A. , Glauser P.M. , Dätwiler S. , Maurer C.A. 
Published: May 2011

AbstractA case of pylorus‐preserving Whipple procedure with an accidentally clockwise 360° rotated small bowel limb in orthotopic duodenal reconstruction is presented. A simple salvage procedure is proposed. Clin. Anat. 24:911–913, 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Physiological closure of the physeal plate of the distal radius: An MRI analysis
Authors: Kraus Ralf , Reyers June , Alt Volker , Schnettler Reinhard , Berthold LARS D. 
Published: May 2011

AbstractTo have knowledge of the physiological closure of a particular physeal plate is necessary to understand fractures close to the end of growth (transitional fractures). Most frequent fractures involve the distal radius in adolescents. However, there are no systematic investigations on the topic of growth plate closure concerning the distal radius plate, so far. Twenty‐two healthy female volunteers underwent MRI investigations of their left wrist. Absolute width, percentage and localization of the physeal part, closed at the time of investigation were recorded. Sequential MRI scans were performed. In this series T1‐weighted sequences were most useful to distinguish open and closed parts of the physis. Total area was 291–469 mm2 (average, 399 mm2). It did positively correlate with body height (P < 0.01), but not with weight (P = 0.241) or BMI (P = 0.394). Physeal closure took place at 15–18 years. There was no significant correlation between menarche and closure (P = 0.091). Bony bridging of the growth plate begins centroradial and ends with a small limbus dorsoradial. Sequential scans showed that there are only a few months from beginning to end of physeal closure. Physiological closure of the distal radius growth plate takes place in late adolescence, varying individually. There seems to be no influence of the menarche in female individuals. The process happens within a very short time of less than a year. This may be one rationale for the fact, that transitional fractures of the distal radius are rare. Clin. Anat. 24:1010–1015, 2011. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Three‐dimensional analysis of deciduous maxillary anterior teeth using cone‐beam computed tomography
Authors: Jung M.‐S. , Lee S.‐P. , Kim G.‐T. , Choi S.‐C. , Park J.‐H. , Kim J.‐W. 
Published: May 2011

AbstractThe recent introduction of cone‐beam computed tomography (CBCT) into the medical field has allowed the nondestructive investigation of internal structures at relatively low cost and radiation exposure. The accuracy of CBCT in both two and three dimensions has been demonstrated, and CBCT has been used successfully for craniofacial anatomy. Knowing the anatomical structure of deciduous teeth is essential for clinical dentistry. However, the root structure of deciduous teeth is rarely reported because of the scarcity of intact deciduous teeth without root resorption. The aim of this study was to evaluate the intact root form of deciduous teeth using CBCT. Data from 38 young children was analyzed using an image‐analyzing program. The degree of buccal dilacerations was 26.3° for deciduous maxillary central incisors (DMA), 16.5° for deciduous maxillary lateral incisors (DMB), and 17.5° for deciduous maxillary canines (DMC) in about half of the root length. The crown‐to‐root ratios were 0.52 for DMA, 0.48 for DMB, and 0.52 for DMC. These data will be helpful for understanding the development of dentition, and for clinical dentistry. Clin. Anat. 25:182–188, 2012. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The Influence of Group Size and Stigma Severity on Social Acceptance: The Case of People with Intellectual Disability Moving into Neighbourhoods
Authors: van Alphen Laura M. , Dijker Anton J. M. , Bos Arjan E. R. , van den Borne Bart H. W. , Curfs Leopold M. G. 
Published: May 2011

ABSTRACTDutch adults from a nationwide Internet panel (N = 426) were asked to imagine that their next‐door neighbours would move out and that people with intellectual disability would move in. Severity of disability and group size were varied to manipulate intergroup threat. These two factors independently influenced social acceptance and a variety of emotional and behavioural measures. In particular, it was found that a large group with severe disability aroused the strongest negative response, whereas a small group with mild disability aroused the weakest negative response. Small groups with a severe disability and large groups with a mild disability aroused similar and intermediate negative responses. Results are discussed in terms of theories of intergroup threat and stigmatisation. Practical implications for predicting the success of de‐institutionalisation and social integration of groups with special needs are addressed. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Transradial arterial access for coronary and peripheral procedures: Executive summary by the transradial committee of the SCAI
Authors: Caputo Ronald P. , Tremmel Jennifer A. , Rao Sunil , Gilchrist Ian C. , Pyne Christopher , Pancholy Samir , Frasier Douglas , Gulati Rajiv , Skelding Kimberly , Bertrand Olivier , Patel Tejas 
Published: May 2011

AbstractIn response to growing U.S. interest, the Society for Coronary Angiography and Interventions recently formed a Transradial Committee whose purpose is to examine the utility, utilization, and training considerations related to transradial access for percutaneous coronary and peripheral procedures. With international partnership, the committee has composed a comprehensive overview of this subject presented herewith. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Ni catalysts supported on activated carbon from petcoke and their activity for toluene hydrogenation
Authors: Choi Jinsoon , Barnard Zaine G. , Zhang Shihua , Hill Josephine M. 
Published: May 2011

AbstractPetroleum coke (petcoke) is an abundant resource that can potentially be converted to catalyst support materials through activation to increase the surface area and reduce the sulphur content. In this work, potassium hydroxide (KOH) catalysed activation was employed with petcoke to produce activated carbons, which were characterised with nitrogen physisorption, X‐ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and temperature‐programmed reduction. With activation temperatures between 500 and 800°C, the surface area increased from 4 m2/g to between 200 and 2400 m2/g while the sulphur content was reduced from 6.6 wt% to between 1 and 0.2 wt%. Nickel catalysts (nominally 5 wt%) were prepared on the activated carbon supports using wet impregnation. The activities of these catalysts were measured for toluene hydrogenation in a plug‐flow reactor with a toluene liquid hourly space velocity of 2.4/h, a pressure of 1.38 MPa, and a H2/toluene mole ratio of 90. The catalytic activity varied between zero for nickel supported on petcoke to 98% conversion, with essentially 100% to methylcyclohexane for nickel supported on carbon activated at 750°C. Thus, activated carbon from petcoke was a suitable support for Ni‐based catalysts when used for toluene hydrogenation as a model reaction. © 2011 Canadian Society for Chemical Engineering