bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Medical and Surgical Interventions for Hearing Loss Associated with Congenital Cytomegalovirus
Authors: Shin Jennifer J. , Keamy Donald G. , Steinberg Evan A. 
Published: March 2011

BackgroundHearing loss associated with congenital cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection occurs in 0.2 to 0.6 per 1000 neonates.ObjectiveThe primary goal of this systemic review was to test the following null hypotheses: (1) antiviral therapy has no impact on congenital CMV‐related sensorineural hearing loss and (2) surgical therapy has no impact on congenital CMV‐related sensorineural hearing loss.Data SourcesComputerized searches of MEDLINE and EMBASE databases through September 2010 were performed, supplemented with manual searches and inquiries to topic experts.Review MethodsStudies were included based on review of 387 studies according to criteria developed a priori. Data extraction was performed by independent reviewers and focused on relevant audiologic measurements, study designs, and potential confounders.ResultsCriterion‐meeting studies (n = 19) included a total of 446 participants. The largest randomized controlled trial (RCT) suggested a significant protective effect of intravenous ganciclovir against deterioration of hearing in neonates with central nervous system manifestations of CMV infection. It also, however, suggested a 3‐fold increase in neutropenia. The second RCT suggested that there may be no significant benefit of intravenous ganciclovir for normal‐hearing infants with asymptomatic congenital CMV. Additional prospective and retrospective data evaluated the impact of oral therapy and cochlear implantation in affected patients.ConclusionAlthough results are mixed, the highest level of evidence suggests that antiviral therapy confers a protective benefit on neonates with hearing loss and symptomatic CMV. Cochlear implantation can result in advancement of speech and language skills, but there are mixed results compared with non–CMV‐infected patients.
What Are Thyroidectomy Patients Really Concerned About?
Authors: Abdul‐Sater Lara , Henry Melissa , Majdan Agnieszka , Mijovic Tamara , Franklin Jason H. , Brandt Michael G. , Black Martin J. , Hier Michael P. , Payne Richard J. 
Published: March 2011

ObjectiveTo better appreciate perioperative concerns affecting patients considering thyroidectomy and to understand how they may vary according to patient characteristics.Study DesignCross‐sectional analysis.SettingTertiary referral center.Subjects and MethodsThe authors recruited patients scheduled for thyroid surgery at the McGill University Thyroid Cancer Center. A total of 148 patients completed the 18‐item Western Surgical Concern Inventory–Thyroid (WSCI‐T) questionnaire. Psychometrics of the WSCI‐T were assessed through a principal component analysis with varimax rotation and reliability analyses. Independent‐samples t tests and 2‐tailed Pearson correlations were ran, identifying areas of elevated concerns and their relationship to gender, age, and surgical procedure (total vs hemithyroidectomy).ResultsThe principal component analysis revealed the presence of 3 domains of presurgical concerns on the WSCI‐T: Surgery‐Related Concerns, Psychosocial Concerns, and Daily‐Living Concerns. Reliability coefficients for the WSCI‐T Total and subscales were satisfactory. Responses on the WSCI‐T indicated on average a moderate overall level of concerns before thyroidectomy. Surgery‐Related Concerns was the highest domain of concerns, followed by Daily‐Living and Psychosocial Concerns, respectively. Patients were mainly worried about the nodule being cancerous, experiencing a change in voice, and surgical complications. Areas of minor concern included being judged or treated differently, becoming depressed, and feeling embarrassed. Women had higher overall levels of concern than men did. Although there were no significant differences in overall levels of concern according to age and surgical procedure, differences were noted at a subscale and item level.ConclusionThis study establishes a mean that will permit adequate physician counseling and a better management of patients’ perioperative worries.
Efficacy of the Combination of Intraoperative Cold Saline‐Soaked Gauze Compression and Corticosteroids on Rhinoplasty Morbidity
Authors: Taskin Umit , Yigit Ozgur , Bilici Suat , Kuvat Samet Vasfi , Sisman Ayse Sezim , Celebi Saban 
Published: March 2011

ObjectiveThe basic aim of this study was to minimize intraoperative bleeding, postoperative eyelid edema, and periorbital ecchymosis and to reduce morbidity with a combination of cold saline‐soaked gauze compression and intraoperative single‐dose corticosteroids.Study DesignThe study was designed as a prospective, double‐blind, randomized controlled study. Three hundred patients who underwent septorhinoplasty were included.SettingA tertiary referral hospital in Turkey.Subjects and MethodsThree hundred patients undergoing septorhinoplasty were divided into 2 groups. A single dose of 10 mg dexamethasone was intravenously administered in all cases at the beginning of the operation. In the study group, the nasal dorsum was continuously compressed with cold saline‐soaked gauze during the operation. In the control group, the nasal dorsum was compressed with dry gauze continuously during surgery. The operation time and amount of bleeding were recorded during surgery. Degree of eyelid edema and periorbital soft tissue ecchymosis was recorded at 24 hours and on postoperative days 2, 3, 5, and 7 by 2 investigators.ResultsThe operation time was significantly shorter in the study group than in the control group. Eyelid edema and periorbital ecchymosis were significantly decreased in the study group at the following postoperative days 1, 3, 5, and 7 (P <. 05).ConclusionBleeding, edema, and ecchymosis are the main morbidities of rhinoplasty. It is highly probable that cold compression and intraoperative corticosteroids have synergistic effects on these morbidities, especially by the intraoperative control of bleeding.
Human Papillomavirus in Metastatic Lymph Nodes from Unknown Primary Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Compton Andrew M. , Moore‐Medlin Tara , Herman‐Ferdinandez Lilantha , Clark Cheryl , Caldito Gloria C. , Wang Xiaohong Iris , Thomas Jaiyeola , Abreo Fleurette W. , Nathan Cherie‐Ann O. 
Published: March 2011

ObjectiveDetermine human papillomavirus (HPV) incidence in unknown primary squamous cell carcinomas (SCCa) of the head and neck and assess if HPV status influenced survival.Study DesignHistorical cohort study.SettingTertiary care center.SubjectsPatients with unknown primary SCCa despite a complete workup who underwent neck dissection or excisional biopsy and postoperative comprehensive ± chemoradiotherapy between 2002 and 2009.MethodsHPV fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and p16INK4a immunohistochemistry (p16 IHC) were performed. Results were compared with survival, age, race, gender, tobacco use, alcohol use, and nodal stage.ResultsTwenty‐five patients met the inclusion criteria, of whom 88% were >10 pack year tobacco users. Twenty‐eight percent were HPV positive defined by both p16+ and FISH+. Five‐year overall survival was 66.7% in HPV‐positive and 48.5% in HPV‐negative patients (P =. 35). Similarly, 5‐year disease‐free survival rates were 66.7% in HPV‐positive and 48.5% in HPV‐negative patients (P =. 54). All 3 HPV‐positive nonsmokers were survivors, but this was not significant because of the small sample size (P >. 05). No other characteristics were associated with survival (P >. 05).ConclusionTwenty‐eight percent of metastatic lymph nodes from occult primary tumors were HPV positive. There was no survival difference associated with HPV status. Most of the HPV‐positive patients in this study were tobacco users who had similar survival to HPV‐negative patients, so caution should be used in interpreting HPV status in these patients.
Clinical outcomes of a pharmacist-managed anticoagulation service for breast cancer patients
Authors: Jones Kellie L , Barnett Chad , Gauthier Michelle , Boster Bonnie , Espirito Janet L , Michaud Laura B 
Published: March 2011

Purpose. Report descriptive outcome measures related to the quality of pharmacist-managed anticoagulation care with warfarin in patients with breast cancer since the formation of the anticoagulation management service (AMS). Methods. Retrospective review of 145 patients with breast cancer (median age 54 years) receiving warfarin therapy for venous thromboembolism (VTE) managed by the pharmacist-run AMS between 1998 and 2005. Results. The median time followed by the AMS was 151 days. Fifty three percent ( n = 1651) of total lab draws ( n = 3129) were within the target therapeutic INR range 2–3. Recurrent thrombosis occurred in 4.1% of patients. Minor bleeding occurred in 18.6% of patients and major bleeding occurred in three patients (2.1%, gastrointestinal, intra-abdominal, and subdural hematoma). Conclusion. To date, this is the largest known published database of cancer patients receiving anticoagulation in a pharmacist-managed anticoagulation service. Recurrent VTE rates, major and minor bleeding rates, and percentage of time spent within the therapeutic range are slightly different in our patient population compared to an oncology population receiving warfarin and a non-oncology population with warfarin managed by AMS. Oral anticoagulation with warfarin is an effective, albeit complicated, treatment for venous thromboembolism in the oncology population. Although low-molecular weight heparin (LMWH) therapy is now the preferred treatment for thrombosis in malignancy, warfarin is still relevant in patients who are unable to receive treatment with LMWH. This report provides valuable information supporting coordinated anticoagulation therapy with a pharmacist-managed service in a breast cancer-specific population, and contributes to the growing data supporting the challenging nature of maintaining warfarin anticoagulation in patients with cancer.
Differentiation syndrome in patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia
Authors: Rogers Jane E , Yang Daisy 
Published: March 2011

Objective. To review the pathophysiology, risk factors, and management of differentiation syndrome (DS) associated with acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL). Data source. A MEDLINE search was conducted (1977–November 2010) using the terms APL, DS, all- trans retinoic acid (ATRA), retinoic acid syndrome, and arsenic trioxide (ATO). Methods of study selection. English articles identified from the MEDLINE search were evaluated. Data extraction and synthesis. With ATRA, ATO, and chemotherapy, a complete remission is achievable for most newly diagnosed APL patients. However, treatment with the differentiating agents, ATRA and ATO, can lead to the development of DS. Signs and symptoms of this syndrome include hyperleukocytosis and cardiorespiratory compromise. Severe complications can develop, if DS is not recognized early and treated promptly with corticosteroids. In addition, patients with a high white blood cell count at diagnosis may benefit from prophylactic steroids. Conclusions. Early recognition and prompt initiation of corticosteroids are key factors in the management of DS. Healthcare professionals need to be familiar with this complication which can arise from differentiation agents.
CX3CR1 expression defines 2 KLRG1+ mouse NK-cell subsets with distinct functional properties and positioning in the bone marrow
Authors: Sciumè Giuseppe , De Angelis Giulia , Benigni Giorgia , Ponzetta Andrea , Morrone Stefania , Santoni Angela , Bernardini Giovanni 
Published: March 2011

AbstractDuring development in the bone marrow (BM), NK-cell positioning within specific niches can be influenced by expression of chemokine or adhesion receptors. We previously demonstrated that the maintenance in the BM of selected NK-cell subsets is regulated by the CXCR4/CXCL12 axis. In the present study, we showed that CX3CR1 is prevalently expressed on KLRG1+ NK cells, a subset considered terminally differentiated. Two KLRG1+ NK-cell populations endowed with distinct homing and functional features were defined according to CX3CR1 expression. In the BM, KLRG1+/CX3CR1− NK cells were mainly positioned into parenchyma, while KLRG1+/CX3CR1+ NK cells exhibited reduced CXCR4 expression and were preferentially localized in the sinusoids. We also showed that α4 integrin plays a pivotal role in the maintenance of NK cells in the BM sinusoids and that α4 neutralization leads to strong reduction of BM KLRG1+/CX3CR1+ NK cells. Moreover, we found that KLRG1+/CX3CR1+ cells originate from KLRG1+/CX3CR1− NK-cell population and display impaired capability to produce IFN-γ and to lyse YAC-1 target cells on cytokine stimulation. Altogether, our findings show that CX3CR1 represents a marker of a KLRG1+ NK-cell population with unique properties that can irreversibly differentiate from the KLRG1+/CX3CR1− NK cells during steady state conditions.
Evidence of canonical somatic hypermutation in hairy cell leukemia
Authors: Arons Evgeny , Roth Laura , Sapolsky Jeffrey , Suntum Tara , Stetler-Stevenson Maryalice , Kreitman Robert J. 
Published: March 2011

Abstract
To compare hairy cell leukemia (HCL) with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and normal B cells with respect to their B-cell receptors, somatic hypermutation (SHM) features in HCL were examined in a series of 130 immunoglobulin gene heavy chain rearrangements, including 102 from 100 classic (HCLc) and 28 from 26 variant (HCLv) patients. The frequency of unmutated rearrangements in HCLc was much lower than that in HCLv (17% vs 54%, P < .001) or historically in CLL (17% vs 46%, P < .001), but HCLv and CLL were similar (P = .45). As previously reported for CLL, evidence of canonical SHM was observed in HCLc rearrangements, including: (1) a higher ratio of replacement to silent mutations in the complementarity determining regions than in the framework regions (2.83 vs 1.41, P < .001), (2) higher transition to transversion ratio than would be expected if mutations were random (1.49 vs 0.5, P < .001), and (3) higher than expected concentration of mutations within RGYW hot spots (13.92% vs 3.33%, P < .001). HCLv met these 3 criteria of canonical SHM to a lesser extent. These data suggest that, whereas HCLc cells may recognize antigen-like CLL and normal B cells before malignant transformation, HCLv cells from some patients may originate differently, possibly without undergoing antigen recognition.
Localization of Helicobacter spp. in the fundic mucosa of laboratory Beagle dogs: an ultrastructural study
Authors: Lanzoni Anna , Faustinelli Ivo , Cristofori Patrizia , Luini Mario , Simpson Kenneth W , Scanziani Eugenio , Recordati Camilla 
Published: March 2011

AbstractIn dogsHelicobacterspp. are found in all gastric regions usually localized in the surface mucus, gastric glands and parietal cells. The aim of this study was to detail the distribution ofHelicobacterspp. in the fundic mucosa of asymptomatic Beagle dogs and their intracellular localization within parietal cells, in order to evaluate species-specific pathogenetic effects on gastric cells. The presence ofHelicobacterspp. was investigated by immunohistochemistry, TEM, and PCR in the fundic mucosa of six Beagle dogs.Helicobacterspp. were found in all dogs examined, andH. bizzozeroniiandH. feliswere identified by PCR and confirmed by TEM. In the lumen of the fundic glands, co-localization was common.H. bizzozeroniiwas present in larger numbers thanH. felisin both intraluminal and intraparietal localization. The amounts ofH. bizzozeroniiwere similar in superficial and basal portions of the glands.H. feliswas predominantly localized in the superficial portions of gastric glands but almost absent from the base. Within parietal cells, mostHelicobacterorganisms were intracanalicular, but intact and degenerateHelicobacterorganisms were also visualized free in the cytoplasm or in secondary lysosomes. No specific degenerative lesions were found in infected parietal cells.Helicobacterorganisms were also observed within macrophages in the lamina propria. In conclusion, there is a differential distribution ofH. bizzozeroniiandH. felisin the fundic mucosa of Beagle dogs, and their intracellular localization in parietal cells and macrophages suggests novel pathogenic scenarios for the development of immune response and maintenance of chronic gastritis in dogs.
A Computational Framework for Proteome-Wide Pursuit and Prediction of Metalloproteins using ICP-MS and MS/MS Data
Authors: Lancaster W Andrew , Praissman Jeremy L , Poole Farris L , Cvetkovic Aleksandar , Menon Angeli Lal , Scott Joseph W , Jenney Francis E , Thorgersen Michael P , Kalisiak Ewa , Apon Junefredo V , Trauger Sunia A , Siuzdak Gary , Tainer John A , W Adams Michael W 
Published: March 2011

Abstract

Background
Metal-containing proteins comprise a diverse and sizable category within the proteomes of organisms, ranging from proteins that use metals to catalyze reactions to proteins in which metals play key structural roles. Unfortunately, reliably predicting that a protein will contain a specific metal from its amino acid sequence is not currently possible. We recently developed a generally-applicable experimental technique for finding metalloproteins on a genome-wide scale. Applying this metal-directed protein purification approach (ICP-MS and MS/MS based) to the prototypical microbe Pyrococcus furiosus conclusively demonstrated the extent and diversity of the uncharacterized portion of microbial metalloproteomes since a majority of the observed metal peaks could not be assigned to known or predicted metalloproteins. However, even using this technique, it is not technically feasible to purify to homogeneity all metalloproteins in an organism. In order to address these limitations and complement the metal-directed protein purification, we developed a computational infrastructure and statistical methodology to aid in the pursuit and identification of novel metalloproteins.

Results
We demonstrate that our methodology enables predictions of metal-protein interactions using an experimental data set derived from a chromatography fractionation experiment in which 870 proteins and 10 metals were measured over 2,589 fractions. For each of the 10 metals, cobalt, iron, manganese, molybdenum, nickel, lead, tungsten, uranium, vanadium, and zinc, clusters of proteins frequently occurring in metal peaks (of a specific metal) within the fractionation space were defined. This resulted in predictions that there are from 5 undiscovered vanadium- to 13 undiscovered cobalt-containing proteins in Pyrococcus furiosus. Molybdenum and nickel were chosen for additional assessment producing lists of genes predicted to encode metalloproteins or metalloprotein subunits, 22 for nickel including seven from known nickel-proteins, and 20 for molybdenum including two from known molybdo-proteins. The uncharacterized proteins are prime candidates for metal-based purification or recombinant approaches to validate these predictions.

Conclusions
We conclude that the largely uncharacterized extent of native metalloproteomes can be revealed through analysis of the co-occurrence of metals and proteins across a fractionation space. This can significantly impact our understanding of metallobiochemistry, disease mechanisms, and metal toxicity, with implications for bioremediation, medicine and other fields.
Identification of surface proteins in Enterococcus faecalis V583
Authors: Bøhle Liv Anette , Riaz Tahira , Egge-Jacobsen Wolfgang , Skaugen Morten , Busk Øyvind L , Eijsink Vincent GH , Mathiesen Geir 
Published: March 2011

Abstract

Background
Surface proteins are a key to a deeper understanding of the behaviour of Gram-positive bacteria interacting with the human gastro-intestinal tract. Such proteins contribute to cell wall synthesis and maintenance and are important for interactions between the bacterial cell and the human host. Since they are exposed and may play roles in pathogenicity, surface proteins are interesting targets for drug design.

Results
Using methods based on proteolytic "shaving" of bacterial cells and subsequent mass spectrometry-based protein identification, we have identified surface-located proteins in Enterococcus faecalis V583. In total 69 unique proteins were identified, few of which have been identified and characterized previously. 33 of these proteins are predicted to be cytoplasmic, whereas the other 36 are predicted to have surface locations (31) or to be secreted (5). Lipid-anchored proteins were the most dominant among the identified surface proteins. The seemingly most abundant surface proteins included a membrane protein with a potentially shedded extracellular sulfatase domain that could act on the sulfate groups in mucin and a lipid-anchored fumarate reductase that could contribute to generation of reactive oxygen species.

Conclusions
The present proteome analysis gives an experimental impression of the protein landscape on the cell surface of the pathogenic bacterium E. faecalis. The 36 identified secreted (5) and surface (31) proteins included several proteins involved in cell wall synthesis, pheromone-regulated processes, and transport of solutes, as well as proteins with unknown function. These proteins stand out as interesting targets for further investigation of the interaction between E. faecalis and its environment.
Subsequent chemotherapy reverses acquired tyrosine kinase inhibitor resistance and restores response to tyrosine kinase inhibitor in advanced non-small-cell lung cancer
Authors: Guo Renhua , Chen Xiaofen , Wang Tongshan , Zhang Zhiyuan , Sun Jin , Shu Yongqian 
Published: March 2011

Abstract

Background
Patients with advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) can develop acquired resistance to epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) erlotinib and gefitinib. Here, we report the successful treatment with alternating chemotherapy and TKIs of two cases of advanced NSCLC who developed resistance to TKI.

Case presentation
Two patients with advanced or metastatic NSCLC were treated with palliative chemotherapy followed by erlotinib/gefitinib. When TKI therapy failed, two cycles of chemotherapy were provided, which were followed by re-challenge with erlotinib or gefitinib.

Conclusion
NSCLC patients with acquired TKI resistance should be managed aggressively whenever possible. Subsequent chemotherapy and target treatment is one of the reasonable choices for those with an initial dramatic clinical response with erlotinib/gefitinib treatment. Further studies are warranted to substantiate the association of erlotinib /gefitinib treatment with the efficacy of NSCLC patients with acquired TKI failure.