bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bias‐adjusted satellite‐based rainfall estimates for predicting floods: Narayani Basin
Authors: Shrestha M.S. , Artan G.A. , Bajracharya S.R. , Gautam D.K. , Tokar S.A. 
Published: August 2011

AbstractIn Nepal, as the spatial distribution of rain gauges is not sufficient to provide detailed perspective on the highly varied spatial nature of rainfall, satellite‐based rainfall estimates provides the opportunity for timely estimation. This paper presents the flood prediction of Narayani Basin at the Devghat hydrometric station (32 000 km2) using bias‐adjusted satellite rainfall estimates and the Geospatial Stream Flow Model (GeoSFM), a spatially distributed, physically based hydrologic model. The GeoSFM with gridded gauge observed rainfall inputs using kriging interpolation from 2003 was used for calibration and 2004 for validation to simulate stream flow with both having a Nash Sutcliff Efficiency of above 0.7. With the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Climate Prediction Centre's rainfall estimates (CPC_RFE2.0), using the same calibrated parameters, for 2003 the model performance deteriorated but improved after recalibration with CPC_RFE2.0 indicating the need to recalibrate the model with satellite‐based rainfall estimates. Adjusting the CPC_RFE2.0 by a seasonal, monthly and 7‐day moving average ratio, improvement in model performance was achieved. Furthermore, a new gauge‐satellite merged rainfall estimates obtained from ingestion of local rain gauge data resulted in significant improvement in flood predictability. The results indicate the applicability of satellite‐based rainfall estimates in flood prediction with appropriate bias correction.
Is Angiotensin‐Converting Enzyme Inhibitor a Contraindication for Contrast‐Induced Nephropathy Prophylaxis? A Review About its Paradox
Authors: Li Ximing , Li Tingting , Cong Hongliang 
Published: August 2011

SUMMARYContrast‐induced nephropathy (CIN) is reported to be the third leading cause of acute renal failure. The role of angiotensin‐converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors in CIN is controversial. Some studies pointed out that it was effective in the prevention of CIN, while some concluded that it was associated with increased risk of CIN, especially for patients with preexisting renal impairment. Nevertheless, it is a common practice in many centers to prescribe ACE inhibitors before coronary angiography. The most likely mechanisms leading to CIN are medullary hypoxia due to decreased renal blood flow (RBF) secondary to renal artery vasoconstriction and direct tubular toxicity by contrast medium (CM). Furthermore, experimental data suggest that an activated renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system, increased endothelin‐1, and reactive oxygen species play a role in the pathogenesis of CIN and these can be inhibited by using ACE inhibitors. In this context, we review the medical literatures and discuss the pathogenesis, the role of renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system on the development of CIN and ACE inhibitors’ effect on CIN.
Cognitive correlates of mathematical achievement in children with cerebral palsy and typically developing children
Authors: Jenks Kathleen M. , van Lieshout Ernest C. D. M. , de Moor Jan M. H. 
Published: August 2011

Background. Remarkably few studies have investigated the nature and origin of learning difficulties in children with cerebral palsy (CP).Aims. To investigate math achievement in terms of word‐problem solving ability in children with CP and controls. Because of the potential importance of reading for word‐problem solving, we investigated reading as well.Sample. Children with CP attending either special (n= 41) or mainstream schools (n= 16) and a control group of typically developing children in mainstream schools (n= 16).Method. Group differences in third grade math and reading, controlled for IQ, were tested with analyses of co‐variance (ANCOVAs). Hierarchical regression was used to investigate cognitive correlates of third grade math and reading. Predictors included verbal and non‐verbal IQ measured in first grade, components of working memory (WM) and executive function (EF) measured in second grade, and arithmetic fact fluency and reading measured in third grade.Results. Children with CP in special schools performed significantly worse than their peers on word‐problem solving and reading. There was a trend towards worse performance in children with CP in mainstream schools compared to typically developing children.Conclusions. Impairments of non‐verbal IQ and WM updating predicted future difficulties in both word‐problem solving and reading. Impairments of visuospatial sketchpad and inhibition predicted future word‐problem, but not reading difficulty. Conversely, deficits of phonological loop predicted reading but not word‐problem difficulty. Concurrent arithmetic fact fluency and reading ability were both important for word‐problem solving ability. These results could potentially help to predict which children are likely to develop specific learning difficulties, facilitating early intervention.
Um … they were wearing …: The effect of deception on specific hand gestures
Authors: Hillman Jackie , Vrij Aldert , Mann Samantha 
Published: August 2011

Purpose. Non‐verbal communication researchers have identified specific categories of hand gestures but deception researchers typically ignore these. This experiment refined and developed some of these categories and examined whether there is a difference in the frequency of speech prompting and rhythmic pulsing gestures between liars and truth tellers.Methods. Twenty truth tellers and 20 liars (all undergraduate students) described a person who entered a room where they were playing a game with a confederate. Truth tellers gave a truthful description of an event they had participated in. Liars had previously taken money from a wallet in the room but had not played a game with the confederate, or seen anybody enter the room, they just pretended they did during their interview.Results. Truth tellers made more rhythmic pulsing gestures than liars indicating this type of gesture may be connected with the prosodic flow of speech. Liars made significantly more speech prompting gestures than truth tellers, supporting the notion that greater cognitive load may be experienced during deceptive accounts.Conclusions. This study demonstrates the benefit of examining subcategories of gestures when investigating deceptive behaviour.
Electro-Acupuncture at ‘neiguan— (Pc6) Attenuates Liver Injury in Endotoxaemic Rats
Authors: Liu Hwan-Wun , Liu Mou-Chuan , Tsao Cheng-Ming , Liao Mei-Hui , Wu Chin-Chen 
Published: August 2011

Background Intravenous injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulates macrophages to release proinflammatory cytokines and nitric oxide (NO). This results in hypotension, vascular hyporeactivity and multiple organ failure (eg, liver injury) in rats. In rats with endotoxin shock, electro-acupuncture (EA) of ‘Neiguan’ (PC6) retrieved blood pressure and reduced plasma concentrations of NO. The authors evaluated whether EA at PC6 could alleviate the development of liver injury and dysfunction in endotoxic rats. Methods A total of 28 male adult Wistar rats were included in this study. Rats received intravenous LPS (10 mg/kg for 4 h) or saline for 4 h followed by EA at PC6 acupuncture point. Results Elevated biochemical parameters of liver injury and marked infiltration of neutrophils into liver tissues caused by LPS were significantly attenuated by EA. However, hypotension, tachycardia and raised production of plasma NO were not suppressed by EA at PC6. Conclusions These results indicate that EA at PC6 should be further investigated as a possible adjuvant therapy for endotoxin-induced liver dysfunction. Its mechanism of action needs further investigation.
Signing on the tactile line
Authors: Plimmer Beryl , Reid Peter , Blagojevic Rachel , Crossan Andrew , Brewster Stephen 
Published: August 2011

We present McSig, a multimodal system for teaching blind children cursive handwriting so that they can create a personal signature. For blind people handwriting is very difficult to learn as it is a near-zero feedback activity that is needed only occasionally, yet in important situations; for example, to make an attractive and repeatable signature for legal contracts. McSig aids the teaching of signatures by translating digital ink from the teacher's stylus gestures into three non-visual forms: (1) audio pan and pitch represents the x and y movement of the stylus; (2) kinaesthetic information is provided to the student through a force-feedback haptic pen that mimics the teacher's stylus movement; and (3) a physical tactile line on the writing sheet is created by the haptic pen.
McSig has been developed over two major iterations of design, usability testing and evaluation. The final step of the first iteration was a short evaluation with eight visually impaired children. The results suggested that McSig had the highest potential benefit for congenitally and totally blind children and also indicated some areas where McSig could be enhanced. The second prototype incorporated significant modifications to the system, improving the audio, tactile and force-feedback. We then ran a detailed, longitudinal evaluation over 14 weeks with three of the congenitally blind children to assess McSig's effectiveness in teaching the creation of signatures. Results demonstrated the effectiveness of McSig—they all made considerable progress in learning to create a recognizable signature. By the end of ten lessons, two of the children could form a complete, repeatable signature unaided, the third could do so with a little verbal prompting. Furthermore, during this project, we have learnt valuable lessons about providing consistent feedback between different communications channels (by manual interactions, haptic device, pen correction) that will be of interest to others developing multimodal systems.
Are Quality Improvements in the Get With The Guidelines-Stroke Program Related to Better Care or Better Data Documentation?
Authors: Reeves Mathew J. , Grau-Sepulveda Maria V. , Fonarow Gregg C. , Olson DaiWai M. , Smith Eric E. , Schwamm Lee H. 
Published: August 2011

Background—
Increased compliance with performance measures could reflect better care or better data documentation. We examined trends in the documentation of eligibility criteria, treatment contraindications, and missing data in the Get With The Guidelines-Stroke program to quantify their contribution to increased performance measure compliance.

Methods and Results—
Data on 569 883 ischemic stroke admissions to 1028 GWTG-Stroke hospitals between April 2003 and September 2009 were obtained. Seven measures were examined: intravenous recombinant tissue plasminogen activator therapy, early antithrombotics, deep vein thrombosis prophylaxis, anticoagulants for atrial fibrillation/flutter, discharge antithrombotics, lipid therapy, and smoking cessation. Within each target population, the proportion of subjects treated, not treated, not treated because of contraindications, or with missing data were generated by calendar year. There were minimal changes in the size of the target populations for 6 of the measures; however, the size of the deep vein thrombosis prophylaxis population was reduced ≈5% in 2008 because of a format change to the data collection form. All measures showed significant increases in the proportion of eligible subjects treated across the study period. These increases occurred without major shifts in contraindications or missing data, with the exception of anticoagulation for atrial fibrillation/flutter where the increase occurred in conjunction with a decline in contraindications. Similar findings were seen when the data were examined by the duration of hospital participation in the program.

Conclusions—
These findings suggest that the majority of performance improvement in the Get With The Guidelines-Stroke program represent an increase in the number of patients with stroke treated and not changes to the underlying target populations or documentation of contraindications or missing data.
Functional and Radiographic Outcomes of Juvenile Osteochondritis Dissecans of the Knee Treated With Extra-Articular Retrograde Drilling
Authors: Boughanem Jay , Riaz Rehan , Patel Ronak M. , Sarwark John F. 
Published: August 2011

Background: Osteochondritis dissecans (OCD) lesions of the medial femoral condyle in the adolescent population can cause significant impairment and restriction in physical activity. Studies have established the efficacy of transarticular antegrade drilling for juvenile OCD lesions of the knee, although concerns of consequences from drilling through the articular cartilage remain. Alternatively, retrograde extra-articular drilling avoids drilling the cartilage while ensuring adequate channels for revascularization and healing. Purpose: The authors present the results of 31 skeletally immature patients who underwent retrograde drilling of OCD lesions of the knee with an average follow-up of 4 years. Study Design: Case series; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: The procedure consisted of a standard arthroscopic evaluation of the knee and subsequent percutaneous retrograde drilling obliquely through the condylar epiphysis starting distal to the physis and ending in the center-center of the OCD lesion. Outcome measures included radiographic signs of healing, Lysholm scoring and the Tegner activity scale to measure performance and activity restriction, and visual analog scale (VAS) pain scores. Results: Average follow-up for the 31 patients was 4 years (range, 1.5-7 years). Sixteen of the 34 lesions were grade I or II based on radiographic findings with signs and symptoms greater than 6 months. The remaining 18 were grade III secondary to a sclerotic rim surrounding the defect. Overall, improvement in Lysholm scores (70 to 95; standard deviation [SD] ± 14.95), Tegner scores (4 to 7; SD ± 2.31), and VAS pain scores (6.9 to 1.3; SD ± 2.16) were found to be statistically significant. Radiographs showed stable or improved lesions in all cases. Conclusion: Retrograde extra-articular drilling provided clinical and radiographic improvement in most juveniles with OCD lesions who failed nonoperative management. This method serves to decompress the lesion and allow revascularization without disrupting the articular cartilage surface in stable OCD lesions.
Group Versus Individual Administration Affects Baseline Neurocognitive Test Performance
Authors: Moser Rosemarie Scolaro , Schatz Philip , Neidzwski Katherine , Ott Summer D. 
Published: August 2011

Background: Computer-based tests are widely used for the purpose of documenting baseline neurocognitive function, and athletes are often tested in groups. At present, there is limited research on the effects of administering these tests in a group versus individual setting. Hypothesis: Athletes assessed with neurocognitive tests in groups would show decreased performance compared with those assessed individually. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: High school athletes completed preseason baseline neurocognitive tests either in groups in their school or individually in a private neuropsychological clinic (with no significant between-group differences in sex, history of concussion, and attention deficit disorder/learning disability). All athletes completed the ImPACT (Immediate Post-Concussion Assessment and Cognitive Testing) test battery on 1 occasion, which yielded scores in the area of verbal memory, visual memory, motor processing speed, reaction time, and symptom scores. Results: Athletes in the group setting scored significantly lower on verbal memory (mean 83.4 vs 86.5; P = .003), visual memory (mean 71.6 vs 76.7; P = .0001), motor processing speed (mean 35.6 vs 38.4; P = .0001), and reaction time (mean 0.61 vs 0.57; P = .001), but not symptom scores (mean 6.1 vs 4.4; P = .11), and exhibited a greater rate of invalid baselines. Similar results were obtained after excluding athletes with attention deficit disorder/learning disability and/or a history of concussion. Conclusion: Administering baseline neurocognitive testing to athletes in a group setting may introduce extraneous error, negatively affecting test performance.
Escalation to natalizumab or switching among immunomodulators in relapsing multiple sclerosis
Authors: Prosperini Luca , Giannì Costanza , Leonardi Laura , De Giglio Laura , Borriello Giovanna , Galgani Simonetta , Pozzilli Carlo , Gasperini Claudio 
Published: August 2011

Objective: To evaluate whether an escalation approach was more effective in suppressing clinical and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) activity than switching among immunomodulators in relapsing–remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) patients. Methods: In this post-marketing, prospective, observational study in two Italian multiple sclerosis (MS) centres, a total of 285 RRMS patients who failed a first-line treatment with interferon beta (IFNβ) or glatiramer acetate (GA) were considered. Patients were subdivided according to the strategy adopted after the failure (defined as the occurrence of ≥2 relapses or 1 relapse with residual disability): the switching (SWI) group, i.e. those switched among different IFNβ formulations, or from IFNβ to GA and vice versa; and the escalating (ESC) group, i.e. those escalated to natalizumab. Proportions of patients free from different types of disease activity (relapses, sustained disability progression, new active lesions on MRI, or a combination of them) were calculated at 12 and 24 months. Since patients were not randomized to treatment group, propensity score (PS)-adjusted Cox regression models were built to control for several potential confounders. Results: At 12 months there were no differences between the two groups in proportions of patients free from relapse, disability progression, MRI activity, and combined activity. After 24 months we observed greater proportions of patients in the ESC than SWI group free from relapse ( p < 0.0001), disability progression ( p = 0.0045), MRI activity ( p = 0.0003), and combined activity ( p < 0.0001). PS-adjusted models confirmed these findings, with hazard ratios ranging from 0.38 to 0.56 favours the ESC group. Conclusion: We suggest that an escalation to natalizumab is more effective than switching among immunomodulators in RRMS patients who failed a first-line treatment.
TET2 mutation is an unfavorable prognostic factor in acute myeloid leukemia patients with intermediate-risk cytogenetics
Authors: Chou Wen-Chien , Chou Sheng-Chieh , Liu Chieh-Yu , Chen Chien-Yuan , Hou Hsin-An , Kuo Yuan-Yeh , Lee Ming-Cheng , Ko Bor-Sheng , Tang Jih-Luh , Yao Ming , Tsay Woei , Wu Shang-Ju , Huang Shang-Yi , Hsu Szu-Chun , Chen Yao-Chang , Chang Yi-Chang , Kuo Yi-Yi , Kuo Kuan-Ting , Lee Fen-Yu , Liu Ming-Chi , Liu Chia-Wen , Tseng Mei-Hsuan , Huang Chi-Fei , Tien Hwei-Fang 
Published: August 2011

Abstract
The studies concerning clinical implications of TET2 mutation in patients with primary acute myeloid leukemia (AML) are scarce. We analyzed TET2 mutation in 486 adult patients with primary AML. TET2 mutation occurred in 13.2% of our patients and was closely associated with older age, higher white blood cell and blast counts, lower platelet numbers, normal karyotype, intermediate-risk cytogenetics, isolated trisomy 8, NPM1 mutation, and ASXL1 mutation but mutually exclusive with IDH mutation. TET2 mutation is an unfavorable prognostic factor in patients with intermediate-risk cytogenetics, and its negative impact was further enhanced when the mutation was combined with FLT3-ITD, NPM1-wild, or unfavorable genotypes (other than NPM1+/FLT3-ITD− or CEBPA+). A scoring system integrating TET2 mutation with FLT3-ITD, NPM1, and CEBPA mutations could well separate AML patients with intermediate-risk cytogenetics into 4 groups with different prognoses (P < .0001). Sequential analysis revealed that TET2 mutation detected at diagnosis was frequently lost at relapse; rarely, the mutation was acquired at relapse in those without TET2 mutation at diagnosis. In conclusion, TET2 mutation is associated with poor prognosis in AML patients with intermediate-risk cytogenetics, especially when it is combined with other adverse molecular markers. TET2 mutation appeared to be unstable during disease evolution.
A phase 1 study of imatinib for corticosteroid-dependent/refractory chronic graft-versus-host disease: response does not correlate with anti-PDGFRA antibodies
Authors: Chen George L. , Arai Sally , Flowers Mary E. D. , Otani Joanne M. , Qiu Jingxin , Cheng Ethan C. , McMillan Alex , Johnston Laura J. , Shizuru Judith A. , Miklos David B. 
Published: August 2011

Abstract
Stimulatory antiplatelet derived growth factor receptor α (PDGFRA) antibodies have been associated with extensive chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD). We performed a phase 1 dose escalation trial of imatinib in corticosteroid-dependent/refractory cGVHD to assess the safety of imatinib and test the hypothesis that abrogation of PDGFRA signaling can ameliorate the manifestations of cGVHD. Fifteen patients were enrolled. Mean follow-up time was 56.6 weeks (range, 18-82.4 weeks). Imatinib 400 mg daily was associated with more frequent moderate to life-threatening adverse events than 200 mg daily. The main adverse events were nausea, edema, confusion, diarrhea, liver function test elevation, fatigue, and myalgia. The overall response rate was 40% (6 of 15). The treatment failure rate was 40% (6 of 15). Twenty percent (3 of 15) of subjects had stable disease. Of 4 subjects with phospho-PDGFRA and phospho-PDGFRB immunohistochemistry studies before and after treatment, inhibition of phosphorylation was observed in 3 but correlated with response in one. Anti-PDGFRA antibodies were observed in 7 of 11 evaluable subjects but correlated with clinical activity in 4. We conclude that cGVHD responds to imatinib through multiple pathways that may include PDGFRA signal transduction. This study is registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as #NCT00760981.
Cell of origin strongly influences genetic selection in a mouse model of T-ALL
Authors: Berquam-Vrieze Katherine E. , Nannapaneni Kishore , Brett Benjamin T. , Holmfeldt Linda , Ma Jing , Zagorodna Oksana , Jenkins Nancy A. , Copeland Neal G. , Meyerholz David K. , Knudson C. Michael , Mullighan Charles G. , Scheetz Todd E. , Dupuy Adam J. 
Published: August 2011

Abstract
Identifying the normal cell from which a tumor originates is crucial to understanding the etiology of that cancer. However, retrospective identification of the cell of origin in cancer is challenging because of the accumulation of genetic and epigenetic changes in tumor cells. The biologic state of the cell of origin likely influences the genetic events that drive transformation. We directly tested this hypothesis by performing a Sleeping Beauty transposon mutagenesis screen in which common insertion sites were identified in tumors that were produced by mutagenesis of cells at varying time points throughout the T lineage. Mutation and gene expression data derived from these tumors were then compared with data obtained from a panel of 84 human T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia samples, including copy number alterations and gene expression profiles. This revealed that altering the cell of origin produces tumors that model distinct subtypes of human T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia, suggesting that even subtle changes in the cell of origin dramatically affect genetic selection in tumors. These findings have broad implications for the genetic analysis of human cancers as well as the production of mouse models of cancer.