bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The potential of mycorrhizal inoculation and organic amendment to increase yields of Galega orientalis and Helianthus tuberosus in a spoil‐bank substrate
Authors: Püschel David , Rydlová Jana , Sudová Radka , Gryndler Milan , Vosátka Miroslav 
Published: May 2011

AbstractAn agricultural use of reclaimed coal‐mine spoil banks is limited to nonfood crop uses and provides potential for biofuel crops. Two high‐biomass crops—Galega orientalis and Helianthus tuberosus—were cultivated in a greenhouse pot experiment conducted in sterilized and nonsterile spoil bank clay. We aimed (1) to determine the possibility of reducing the applied rate of organic amendments (thus decreasing the costs of spoil‐bank reclamation) and (2) to assess whether the inoculation with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) can improve plant growth and biomass accumulation of bioenergy crops even in nonsterile soil containing naturally occurring AMF. The spoil substrate was either unamended or treated with a mixture of composted urban waste and ligno‐cellulose at a rate corresponding to 40 t ha–1. Three native AMF isolates or three isolates from the International Bank of Glomeromycota (BEG) originating from man‐made ecosystems were used for inoculation.Generally, both plant species positively responded to both mycorrhizal inoculation and organic amendment. While G. orientalis did not show any preferences towards the AMF inoculum origin in the nonsterile soil, for H. tuberosus the specific combination of organic amendment and BEG isolates resulted in highest yields of shoot biomass. The study shows that the successful planting of both tested crops requires the organic amendment. However, its dosage can be substantially reduced. The effectiveness of mycorrhizal inoculation can vary for the combination of plant species and the origin of the applied AMF.
Plant growth, leaf photosynthesis, and nutrient‐use efficiency of citrus rootstocks decrease with phosphite supply
Authors: César Bachiega Zambrosi Fernando , Mattos Dirceu , Syvertsen James P. 
Published: May 2011

AbstractSome formulations of phosphite (Phi) have been recommended as a source of P nutrition for several crops including citrus even though there are known negative effects of Phi on plant growth. Changes in plant growth and metabolism after Phi application should be reflected in altered nutrient‐use efficiency and leaf photosynthesis. We carried out a greenhouse study using seedlings of two contrasting citrus (Citrus spp.) rootstocks, Carrizo citrange (CC) and Smooth Flat Seville (SFS), growing in either aerated hydroponic culture or sterilized native sandy soil. Plants were subjected to four P treatments: No P (control, P0); 0.5 mM Pi (PO4‐P); 0.25 mM Pi + 0.25 mM Phi (Pi + Phi), or 0.5 mM Phi (Phi). Photosynthetic characteristics, concentrations of total P (Pt) and soluble PO4‐P or PO3‐P in leaves and roots, and plant growth were evaluated after 80–83 d P treatments. Overall, the Pi plants had the highest Pt (total P) and total plant dry weight while the P0 plants had the lowest Pt but highest total root length and root‐to‐shoot ratio. Leaf chlorophyll (SPAD readings) and net assimilation of CO2 (ACO2) of the P0 and Phi plants were similarly lower than those of Pi and Pi + Phi plants. Growth responses of the Pi + Phi treatment were intermediate between the Pi and Phi treatments. Although Phi increased Pt and soluble‐PO4‐P concentration in leaves and roots above the P0 treatment, this did not translate into increased plant growth. In fact, the Phi treatment had some phytotoxic symptoms, impaired P‐ and N‐utilization efficiency for biomass production as well as lower nutrient‐use efficiency in the photosynthetic process. Thus, these two rootstocks could not use Phi as a nutritional source of P.
A nomogram predicting the probability of primary breast cancer survival at 2‐ and 5‐years using pathological and biological tumor parameters
Authors: Mazouni Chafika , Bonnier Pascal , Romain Sylvie , Martin Pierre‐Marie 
Published: May 2011

AbstractPurposeOur objective was to develop a nomogram to predict individual overall survival (OS) for primary breast cancer, based on pathological and biological tumor parameters.MethodsA retrospective study in a cohort of 180 patients with primary breast cancer was used to build the nomogram. Pathological factors and tumor proteases measured prospectively in primary tumors were used. A multivariate Cox proportional hazards model was used to explore the relationship with OS, and regression coefficients were used to build the nomogram. The nomogram was internally validated with 200 bootstrap re‐samples.ResultsThe final variables included in the nomogram comprised tumor size (P = 0.04), nodal pathological status (P = 0.01), estrogen receptor status (P = 0.04), urokinase plasminogen activator inhibitor‐1 (PAI‐1; P = 0.02), thymidine kinase (P = 0.03), and cathepsin D (P = 0.004). The predictive accuracy of the nomogram at estimating the probability of OS, at both 2 and 5 years, was respectively 0.874 and 0.832 before and after calibration.ConclusionA nomogram to predict 2‐ and 5‐year OS in BC, using histological and biological parameters was successfully developed. This prognostic tool should prove useful in decision‐making and therapeutic research. J. Surg. Oncol. 2011;103:746–750. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Commodification of Volunteer Tourism: a Comparative Study of Volunteer Tourists in Vietnam and in Thailand
Authors: Coren Nathalie , Gray Tim 
Published: May 2011

ABSTRACTVolunteer tourism (VT) has often been depicted as a means of avoiding the commodification of tourism (and even ecotourism) by ensuring that local communities benefit from VT, both environmentally and economically, and that there is authentic engagement by the tourists with indigent people and their cultures. However, critics have questioned this claim, arguing that VT has become little different from tourism and ecotourism, entailing commodification by providing profit for VT organizations rather than for local communities and consuming rather than respecting local environments and cultures. This study tests these claims and counterclaims by a comparative analysis of two VT experiences, one in Vietnam and the other in Thailand. The findings of the study are that although each cohort of volunteer tourists (VTs) exhibited elements of both decommodification and commodification, on a continuum of decommodification and commodification, the Vietnam VTs were closer to the decommodification node, whereas the Thailand VTs were closer to the commodification node. In part, this was because the Vietnam VT project was pitched more towards conservation research, whereas the Thailand VT project was pitched more towards vacation conservation. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Estimation and correction of seed recovery bias from moist‐soil cores
Authors: Hagy Heath M. , Straub Jacob N. , Kaminski Richard M. 
Published: May 2011

AbstractScientists estimate seed abundances to calculate seasonal carrying capacities and assess wetland management actions for waterfowl and other wildlife using soil core samples. We evaluated recovery of known quantities of moist‐soil seeds from whole and subsampled experimental core samples containing 12 seed taxa representing small, medium, and large size classes. We recovered 86.3% (SE = 1.8) of all seeds added to experimental cores; 8.3% (SE = 1.2) of seeds were destroyed during the sieving process and 5.4% (SE = 1.2) were not recovered by observers. Recovery rates varied by seed size, but not seed quantity or disproportionate ratios of seed‐size classes. Overall seed recovery rates were similar between subsampled (${\bar {x}}$ = 81.2%, SE = 3.6) and whole–processed core samples (${\bar {x}}$ = 86.3%, SE = 1.8). We used recovery rates to generate size‐specific, taxon‐specific, and constant correction factors and applied each to actual core sample data. Size‐specific correction factors increased seed mass estimates in the Mississippi Alluvial Valley (${\bar {x}}$ = 10.1%, SE = 0.32), upper Midwest (${\bar {x}}$ = 21.2%, SE = 0.61), and both regions combined (${\bar {x}}$ = 15.7%, SE = 0.51) differently, as seed composition in core samples varied regionally. We suggest scientists consider using size‐specific correction factors to account for seed recovery bias in core samples because these factors may be applied to a variety of taxa and produced similar mass estimates as taxon‐specific correction factors. However, if data from core samples are unavailable at the resolution of seed size classes, we suggest increasing seed mass estimates by 16% to account for seed recovery bias. © 2011 The Wildlife Society.
Effects of management on double‐crested cormorant nesting colony fidelity
Authors: Strickland Bronson K. , Dorr Brian S. , Pogmore Fred , Nohrenberg Gary , Barras Scott C. , Mcconnell John E. , Gobeille John 
Published: May 2011

AbstractThe increase of double‐crested cormorant (Phalacrocorax auritus; hereafter, cormorant) populations during the last 2 decades has impacted many stakeholder groups. The negative effects of nesting cormorants on trees and other vegetation have motivated private organizations and government agencies to manage nesting colonies and reduce their impacts to private property and public resources. Management‐induced reproductive failure has been shown to influence cormorant inter‐annual nesting colony fidelity, but not complete abandonment from a nesting colony site. We attached very high frequency (VHF) transmitters and Global Positioning System (GPS) transmitters to nesting cormorants to monitor their movement response on a managed site (Young Island, VT [YI]) and an unmanaged site (Four Brothers Islands, NY [FB]). Additionally, we monitored these sites to determine the influence of management activities on subsequent‐year colonization. On YI, management consisted of egg‐oiling all cormorant nests (some nests had been oiled in previous years) and culling approximately 20% of adults. Annual dispersal rates did not differ between managed and unmanaged sites, but a nesting period interaction occurred with greater dispersal on the managed site following the incubation period. After 4 years of both egg oiling and culling, cormorant nesting on YI declined to zero. Simultaneously, cormorant numbers increased on the nearby unmanaged FB. We propose either the cumulative effect of partial or complete reproductive failure (8 yr) or simply the inclusion of adult culling (4 yr) caused the abandonment. From a colony‐specific management perspective, the rapid decline was beneficial to the goal of restoring the vegetative community on YI. The effects of adult culling at nesting colonies, prior‐year reproductive failure caused by egg oiling, or the combination of these factors may be required for complete and rapid nesting site abandonment. The use of culling adult breeders reduced nesting and likely limits the cost and logistics of control and allows more rapid initiation of mitigation measures and island habitat restoration. © 2011 The Wildlife Society.
Sensitivity and specificity of computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging in the diagnosis of isolated sphenoid sinus diseases
Authors: Fawaz Samia A. , Ezzat Waleed F. , Salman Manal I. 
Published: May 2011

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:The sphenoid sinus is uncommonly affected by inflammatory or neoplastic lesions. Initial onset of isolated sphenoid sinus diseases (ISSD) is generally asymptomatic. The objectives of this study were to estimate the sensitivity and specificity of computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in diagnosing ISSD and establish guidelines to declare hidden ISSD through correlation of radiological diagnosis to final pathological diagnosis.Study Design:A prospective cohort study.Methods:There were 66 patients with isolated sphenoid sinus lesions presenting to Ain‐Shams University Hospitals, Cairo, Egypt. Provisional diagnosis of ISSD was done by CT and MRI, followed by histopathologic and immunohistochemical staining, and if needed microbiological examination of resected specimens to establish the final diagnosis.Results:Patients were classified into four groups according to the type of lesion: inflammatory, neoplastic, bony dysplastic disorders, and sphenoid sinus roof defect‐related lesions. Radiological imaging provided the greatest diagnostic information and guided management. The sensitivity of CT and MRI in diagnosing inflammatory lesions was 95% versus 61%, whereas those of the neoplastic group were 72% and 100%, respectively. In the osseous group the sensitivity was 100% for both CT and MRI, whereas in sphenoid sinus roof defect the sensitivity was 50% and 100% for CT and MRI, respectively.Conclusions:Because of CT's superiority in defining the bony margins and MRI's superior soft tissue resolution, CT and MRI should be used in a complementary manner in the evaluation of isolated sphenoid sinus disease in addition to mapping the lesion better and identifying intracranial and intraorbital extension. The use of one modality only should be restricted to straightforward lesions.
Variables related to recurrence of pleomorphic adenomas: Outcome of parotid surgery in 182 cases
Authors: Riad Magdy Amin , Abdel‐Rahman Hussein , Ezzat Waleed F. , Adly Ahmad , Dessouky Ossama , Shehata Mohamed 
Published: May 2011

AbstractObjective:We present our experience in parotid surgery for pleomorphic adenomas; analyzing a prospectively recorded database of parotidectomy; aiming to identify independent variables related to adenoma recurrence.Study Design:Prospective case series.Methods:Data of 182 patients; 164 new tumors and 18 revision parotidectomies were analyzed. The main outcome measure was tumor recurrence; the analyzed variables were age, gender, tumor size and site, safety margin, tumor puncture, spillage, adherence to facial nerve, surgical procedure, and follow‐up period.Results:Five new patients had a recurrence, two revision cases had second recurrence (11%), the overall recurrence rate was 3.8%. Recurrence rate was not related to age, gender, or duration of follow‐up. Recurrence was related to larger tumors, tumors less than 30 mm in diameter are unlikely to recur. Tumor recurrence was inversely related to safety margin. Tumors with a diameter of 4 cm or more have no margins. All the seven tumors that recurred were punctured. Spillage was reported in five patients, four had a recurrence (80%). Tumor capsules were related to facial nerve in 75 cases; 6 of them had a recurrence (8%).Conclusions:Tumor puncture and spillage were the only variables that have an independent effect on recurrence, 26.9% of punctured tumors and 80% of cases of spillage recurred (P = .043 and P = .035, respectively). Although tumor size, safety margin, and adherence to facial nerve are related to recurrence, logistic regression suggests that these are confounding variables influencing recurrence through effect on puncture and spillage rates.
Explicit Riemann‐Hilbert problems in Hardy spaces
Authors: Semmler Gunter 
Published: May 2011

AbstractThis paper is concerned with boundary value problems for holomorphic functions in the unit disc, where the boundary condition is given by an explicit equation for the real and imaginary part of the solution on the unit circle. Relaxing the smoothness assumptions in well‐known results for problems of this type we can still prove the solvability in Hardy spaces Hp for continuous right‐hand sides where p depends on the at most linear growth of the restriction curves. We introduce the notion wrapping solution for a class of functions that has no counterpart in the theory where the solvability is considered only in the class of functions extending continuously onto the closed unit disc. © 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim
Urinary exosomes and proteomics
Authors: Moon Pyong‐Gon , You Sungyong , Lee Jeong‐Eun , Hwang Daehee , Baek Moon‐Chang 
Published: May 2011

AbstractA number of highly abundant proteins in urine have been identified through proteomics approaches, and some have been considered as disease‐biomarker candidates. These molecules might be clinically useful in diagnosis of various diseases. However, none has proven to be specifically indicative of perturbations of cellular processes in cells associated with urogenital diseases. Exosomes could be released into urine which flows through the kidney, ureter, bladder and urethra, with a process of filtration and reabsorption. Urinary exosomes have been recently suggested as alternative materials that offer new opportunities to identify useful biomarkers, because these exosomes secreted from epithelial cells lining the urinary track might reflect the cellular processes associated with the pathogenesis of diseases in their donor cells. Proteomic analysis of such urinary exosomes assists the search of urinary biomarkers reflecting pathogenesis of various diseases and also helps understanding the function of urinary exosomes in urinary systems. Thus, it has been recently suggested that urinary exosomes are one of the most valuable targets for biomarker development and to understand pathophysiology of relevant diseases. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc., Mass Spec Rev 30:1185–1202, 2011
Polymere für die Tiefbohrzementierung
Authors: Plank Johann 
Published: May 2011

AbstractTiefbohrungen nach Öl oder Gas stellen besondere Anforderungen an den Zement, der das Bohrloch befestigt. Erst polymere Zusatzmittel wie Verzögerer, Wasserretentionsmittel, Dispergiermittel, Entschäumer und Schäumer machen den Einsatz bei Tiefen bis fast 10 000 Meter mit Temperaturen bis 260 °C und Drücken bis 2000 bar möglich.
Aus der Kartonverpackung in die Babynahrung
Authors: Nehls Irene , Koch Matthias , Gärtner Sonja , Balski Matthias , Köppen Robert 
Published: May 2011

AbstractLebensmittel in Recyclingkartons finden sich längst in allen Supermärkten. Doch die schützende Verpackung kann zu einer Quelle für Kontaminationen durch Phthalate werden. Analytik und Migration dieser hormonell wirksamen Weichmacher sind daher ein aktueller Forschungsschwerpunkt.
Neues vom Sicherheitsdatenblatt
Authors: Dettke Jochen 
Published: May 2011

AbstractNachdem in den letzten zwei Jahren die europäische Chemikalienverordnung Reach vor allem Hersteller und Importeure von Stoffen auf Trab gehalten hat, rutschen seit Ablauf der ersten Registrierungsfrist im Dezember 2010 die Aufgaben in der Lieferkette jetzt eine Stufe weiter zu den Formulierern.
A Chemical Engineer's View of the Red Mud Disaster
Authors: Szépvölgyi Jαnos 
Published: May 2011

AbstractThe red mud disaster of October 4, 2010, followed the collapse of the Chamber 10 dam in Ajka Alumina Refinery, Hungary. Serious questions then arose about the properties of red mud, its health and environmental impacts, disposal of red mud, and the reasons for the collapse of the embankment.
Anfangsschwierigkeiten oder Dauerzustand?
Authors: Klinkner Roman , Holzmann Britta 
Published: May 2011

AbstractSeit Januar 2010 gibt es in Deutschland als Akkreditierungsagentur für Laboratorien nur noch die Deutsche Akkreditierungsstelle (Dakks). Zu Beginn dieses Jahres hat das Beratungsunternehmen Klinkner  & Partner Laboratorien gefragt, wie zufrieden sie mit der Arbeit der neuen Behörde sind.
Aircraft control surface deflection using RBF‐based mesh deformation
Authors: Michler Andreas K. 
Published: May 2011

AbstractIn this paper, mesh deformation based on radial basis function (RBF) interpolation is applied to the deflection of aircraft control surfaces. A confinement technique is presented, which locally restricts mesh deformation to the vicinity of the moving component and leaves the surfaces of other components unaffected. This technique is shown to have the potential to significantly reduce the CPU time necessary for evaluating the RBF interpolants. Motivated by the directionality of control surface deflection, the idea of treating each direction of the displacements separately is introduced. It is employed for the adaptive selection of centers, and the approach termed sequential uni‐variate center adaptation. It is shown to be more efficient for both solution and evaluation processes than the standard approach, in which the same set of centers is used for every direction. Furthermore, different data sites may be imposed for different directions. It is demonstrated that this enables sliding motion of the elements on the face of a mesh block. Thereby, large control surface deflections are possible, despite the presence of a small spanwise gap between control surface and parent component. These techniques are successfully applied to the deflection of aileron and horizontal tail of a generic fighter aircraft configuration. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Transparent and flame retardant PMMA/clay nanocomposites prepared with dual modified organoclay
Authors: Wang W. S. , Liang C. K. , Chen Y. C. , Su Y. L. , Tsai T. Y. , Chen‐Yang Y. W. 
Published: May 2011

AbstractIn this study, the dual modified organoclay (DMC), was successfully prepared by the successive cationic exchange reactions of the sodium montomorillonite clay (MMT) with two intercalating reagents, hexadecyl‐triphenyl‐phosphonium bromide and 2‐methacryloxy‐ethyl‐hexadecyl‐dimethyl‐ammonium bromide. A series of the PMMA/DMC nanocomposite membranes (PDCM) were then prepared with the PMMA matrix and various amounts of DMC via the solution cast method. The results of XRD, TEM, SEM, and UV–VIS measurements of the PDCMs prepared showed that the DMC particles were well dispersed in the PMMA matrix with a highly exfoliated structure. The TGA thermograms indicated that the thermal stabilities of the PDCM membranes are higher than that of the PMMA. Furthermore, the tensile mechanical property and glass transition temperature of the nanocomposites were dramatically increased with increasing the DMC content. The limiting oxygen index of PDCM membranes also indicated that the flame retardancy was significantly enhanced due to the presence of DMC. Moreover, more than 90% of the PMMA's transparency was remained in the nanocomposites. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A preliminary investigation of services for people with personality disorder in the East Midlands region of England
Authors: Tetley Amanda , Jinks Mary , Howells Kevin , Duggan Conor , McMurran Mary , Huband Nick , Geelan Steve , Milton John , Kaul Adarsh 
Published: May 2011

ABSTRACTAimThis paper presents a preliminary investigation of dedicated and specialist personality disorder services in three counties within the East Midlands in England (Nottinghamshire, Lincolnshire and Derbyshire). We examined (1) the levels of dedicated National Health Service, independent and voluntary service provisions for people with personality disorder in these counties and (2) the psychological and psychosocial treatments on offer.MethodSearches were conducted to identify dedicated and specialist personality disorder services, and senior clinicians within each service were asked to complete a survey about their facility.ResultsOur findings suggest that dedicated and specialist service capacity within this region is inadequate to meet the needs of both offenders and non‐offenders with personality disorder. In addition to this, we found that there is significant disparity in the therapeutic interventions on offer across this region.ConclusionIt is likely that similar observations apply throughout England. This suggests that the configuration and accessibility of services for people with people disorder requires a major review if these services are to meet their intended objectives. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.