bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Metal‐Organic Frameworks: A Rapidly Growing Class of Versatile Nanoporous Materials
Authors: Meek Scott T. , Greathouse Jeffery A. , Allendorf Mark D. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractMetal‐organic frameworks (MOFs) represent a new class of hybrid organic‐inorganic supramolecular materials comprised of ordered networks formed from organic electron donor linkers and metal cations. They can exhibit extremely high surface areas, as well as tunable pore size and functionality, and can act as hosts for a variety of guest molecules. Since their discovery, MOFs have enjoyed extensive exploration, with applications ranging from gas storage to drug delivery to sensing. This review covers advances in the MOF field from the past three years, focusing on applications, including gas separation, catalysis, drug delivery, optical and electronic applications, and sensing. We also summarize recent work on methods for MOF synthesis and computational modeling.
Pre‐eminence and persistence of immature natural killer cells in acute myeloid leukemia patients in first complete remission
Authors: Dauguet Nicolas , Récher Christian , Demur Cécile , Fournié Jean‐Jacques , Poupot Mary , Poupot Rémy 
Published: October 2010

AbstractDespite substantial progress in the treatment of AML, a proportion of patients do not achieve first complete remission (1st CR) with the induction chemotherapy, and, among patients achieving it, a majority is expected to relapse within three years. As allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation has been established as the most effective form of antileukemic therapy in patients with AML in remission, many studies have focused on the reconstitution and the functionality of the innate immune system in this context, especially regarding cytotoxic effectors such as natural killer (NK) cells. On the contrary, very few data are available concerning the innate immune system of patients in 1st CR. Herein we investigated the phenotype of autologous NK cells of AML patients in 1st CR. We showed that immature NK cells were pre‐eminent in the blood of these patients and that this immature phenotype was persistent during the first months after 1st CR. Am. J. Hematol., 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Hubble parameter in QCD Universe for finite bulk viscosity
Authors: Tawfik A. , Wahba M. , Mansour H. , Harko T. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractWe consider the influence of the perturbative bulk viscosity on the evolution of the Hubble parameter in the QCD era of the early Universe. For the geometry of the Universe we assume the homogeneous and isotropic Friedmann‐Lemaitre‐Robertson‐Walker metric, while the background matter is assumed to be characterized by barotropic equations of state, obtained from recent lattice QCD simulations, and heavy‐ion collisions, respectively. Taking into account a perturbative form for the bulk viscosity coefficient, we obtain the evolution of the Hubble parameter, and we compare it with its evolution for an ideal (non‐viscous) cosmological matter. A numerical solution for the viscous QCD plasma in the framework of the causal Israel‐Stewart thermodynamics is also obtained. Both the perturbative approach and the numerical solution qualitatively agree in reproducing the viscous corrections to the Hubble parameter, which in the viscous case turns out to be slightly different as compared to the non‐viscous case. Our results are strictly limited within a very narrow temperature‐ or time‐interval in the QCD era, where the quark‐gluon plasma is likely dominant.
Evaluation of block shear properties of selected extreme‐pH structural adhesives by short‐term exposure test
Authors: Zhang Yaolin , Wang Xiang‐Ming , Casilla Romulo , Cooper Paul , Huang Zeen , Wang Xiaodong 
Published: October 2010

AbstractNine structural adhesives with varying pH were selected to examine the effect of adhesive pH on wood–adhesive bond quality. The adhesives evaluated included four highly alkaline phenol–formaldehyde, one intermediate pH phenol–resorcinol–formaldehyde, two acidic melamine–urea–formaldehyde, and two acidic melamine–formaldehyde resins. Block shear specimens were prepared using Douglas‐fir and black spruce wood. The adhesive performance was evaluated by measuring the shear properties (strength and wood failure) of the specimens tested at the dry and vacuum–pressure–redry (VPD) conditions. Adhesive pH, test condition, and wood species showed significant effects on shear properties. The different adhesives performed differently at the dry and VPD conditions. The high‐pH adhesives (phenol–formaldehyde and phenol–resorcinol–formaldehyde) showed similar high wood failures at both test conditions and performed better than the low‐pH adhesives (melamine–formaldehyde and melamine–urea–formaldehyde), especially after the VPD conditioning. The low‐pH adhesives showed high wood failure at the dry condition, but wood failure decreased significantly after VPD conditioning for both species, indicating that the low‐pH adhesives were less durable than the high‐pH adhesives. High‐pH adhesives did not have a negative impact on the strength of the bonded specimens. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011
Steady shear and viscoelastic properties of a micro‐crosslinked acrylamide‐based terpolymer
Authors: Zhong Chuanrong , Meng Xianghao , Deng Jun 
Published: October 2010

AbstractA water‐soluble micro‐crosslinked associating polymer (PASA‐PL): poly (acrylamide/butyl styrene/sodium 2‐acrylamido‐2‐methylpropane sulphonate) (PASA)–phenolic aldehyde (PL) was prepared to reduce the critical associated concentration and enhance the thickening properties for the linear PASA polymer in aqueous and brine solutions. The consecutive steady shear and viscoelastic properties were investigated to explore the correlations between the rheologic performance and supramolecular structures for the PASA‐PL brine solutions. Upon consecutive steady shear, the intermolecular hydrophobic association is greatly reinforced because of the expansion of the coiled PASA‐PL chains at the suitable shear rate, and the brine solution exhibits obvious shear thickening behavior. The steady shear results show that the intermolecular hydrophobic association is reversible, and that the polymer chains do not degrade upon shearing. The PASA‐PL brine solutions with 50 g L−1 NaCl have predominantly elastic character over the angular frequency range at the polymer concentration higher than 1.0 g L−1, which is remarkably strengthened with a slight increase in polymer concentration. The PASA‐PL brine solutions display a salt‐thickening effect and predominantly exhibit elastic character over the angular frequency range at 10–50 g L−1 NaCl. These results demonstrate that the viscoelastic behavior of the PASA‐PL solutions mainly depends on the formation of hydrophobically associated structures via the intermolecular association strengthened by the micro‐crosslink of PASA with PL. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011
Oligocarbonate diols from ethylene carbonate—Optimization of the synthesis process
Authors: Tomczyk Karolina M. , Parzuchowski Pawel G. , Rokicki Gabriel 
Published: October 2010

AbstractOligocarbonate diols due to their resistance to oxidation and hydrolysis are particularly valuable components of polyurethanes for biomedical applications. It was shown that for their synthesis “green monomer,” ethylene carbonate can be used in the reaction with 1,6‐hexanediol, instead of usually applied toxic and harmful phosgene. Depending on reaction conditions, besides ester exchange leading to the desired product, competitive etherification is often observed. To optimize the reaction conditions leading to oligocarbonates of high molecular weight without oxyethylene fragments, the method of an experimental design was applied. Such approach enabled the estimation of the influence of reaction temperature, ethylene carbonate to 1,6‐hexanediol molar ratio and catalyst (NaCl) concentration on the molar mass of oligocarbonate diol, content of ether bonds and reaction time. Application of central composite method as an experimental design allowed not only to choose the optimal set of conditions, but also the coefficients of the regression equation were interpreted in a chemical way. Oligocarbonate diols obtained under optimal conditions were used for synthesis poly(urethane‐urea)s which exhibited very good mechanical properties (tensile strength 45–50 MPa and elongation at break up to 500%). © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011
Improving the processability of biodegradable polymer by stearate additive
Authors: Yu Tao , Luo Faliang , Zhao Ying , Wang Dujin , Wang Fosong 
Published: October 2010

AbstractMaleated poly(propylene carbonate)/calcium stearate (MAPPC/CaSt2) composite was prepared through melt‐extruding poly(propylene carbonate) (PPC) with maleic anhydride and CaSt2. The processability, thermal stability, interaction between two components as well as the morphology of the composites were systematically characterized. The flow instability of biodegradable PPC was greatly alleviated due to the incorporation of stearate additive in polymer matrix. It was found that the MAPPC and MAPPC/CaSt2 composites were more thermostable than pristine PPC under melt‐processing conditions. The melt fluidity of the composites was noticeably superior to that of MAPPC, arising from the lubricating effect of CaSt2 on the polymer/barrel wall interface as well as from the improvement of resistance to thermal degradation of the composite. The coordination interaction between MAPPC and calcium ion also contributes to the enhanced thermal stability and high melt stability of composites. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011
Effect of acid and pH value on the photografting initiated by aliphatic ketones in aqueous solutions
Authors: Jin Enquan , Xie Mingyang , Gao Yue , Wang Huiliang 
Published: October 2010

AbstractThe photografting of methacrylic acid (MAA) onto high‐density polyethylene (HDPE) initiated by aliphatic ketones (acetone, butanone, and cyclohexanone) in aqueous solutions with different pH values adjusted by adding different amount of mineral acids was reported. Acids significantly enhanced the photografting yield, and the extent of grafting generally increased with decreasing pH value. The effect of pH value on the grafting reactions varied with the acid used. The grafting of MAA onto HDPE surface was confirmed with FTIR and SEM characterizations. The water absorbency of the grafted p‐MAA varied with the extent of grafting. When the extent of grafting was less than 2000–3000 μg/cm2, grafted p‐MAA absorbed about 25–30% water, whereas at higher extent of grafting, it absorbed about 50% water. The mechanism of the acid enhancement of the photografting of MAA initiated by aliphatic ketones in aqueous solutions is believed to be attributed to the change of the solubility of monomer in the solution and the conformation of grafted chains, both are favorable for accelerating grafting reactions. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011
Ten years of experience in the rearing of young freshwater pearl mussels (Margaritifera margaritifera)
Authors: Schmidt Christine , Vandré Robert 
Published: October 2010

Abstract
In rearing experiments performed between 1997 and 2007, captive‐bred juvenile mussels were harvested shortly after they had dropped off their host fish, and exposed to different types of cages and holding systems.
Survival of juveniles ranged from 0 to 92% in the first 4 months, but the mean annual mortality was high in all trials and with all systems. In three trials with sheet cages and sediment boxes exposed to mussel rivers from an initial number of 1440 to 1660 only one to eight mussels reached 4 years of age.
With the exception of mussels kept in spring water no relationship between growth and survival was observed.
Low survival rates were obtained in sheet cages exposed to very oligotrophic and highly eutrophic brook stretches. Several natural sites that were lacking recruitment in the wild nevertheless showed good results in the cages.
All holding systems showed irregular variations in survival rates. Pairs of sheet cages showed no correlation between the survival of mussels in the adjacent cages. In contrast, growth rates were correlated.
No relationship could be found between the growth or survival in sheet cages at different sites and brooks and the corresponding data on water chemistry.
The systems tested for rearing young mussels involving a minimal time and effort in the natural habitat were not successful due to the elevated mortality rates of juveniles.
The rearing success of young pearl mussels in cages in the water flow of mussel rivers gives no information about the suitability of these sites for natural reproduction. Thus, to find potential natural habitats for Margaritifera, it is imperative to survey water quality, sediments and habitat structure. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Does reintroduction stabilize the population of the critically endangered gharial (Gavialis gangeticus, Gavialidae) in Chitwan National Park, Nepal?
Authors: Ballouard Jean‐Marie , Priol Pauline , Oison Jean , Ciliberti Alexandre , Cadi Antoine 
Published: October 2010

Abstract
Despite conservation programmes (India 1975, Nepal 1978) gharial populations (Gavialis gangeticus) have declined over their entire distribution range. Information about the current status and main threats is needed to implement effective conservation measures.
This study presents a survey (2003/2004) of the largest Nepalese gharial population in the Chitwan National Park that has benefited from regular re‐introduction of young gharials since 1981.
Population size estimates fluctuate between 34 (2003) and 38 (2004). The reintroduction programme, although of limited success, has helped to maintain the gharial population.
Gharials bask preferentially in large sand banks, and these sites must be protected.
The main threats are from a dam that causes fish depletion and flushes gharials from the protected area, sand mining and grazing that destroy basking sites, fishing that causes food shortage, drift nets that kill gharial, and water pollution.
Improvement in the survival of reintroduced gharials is needed. Strict protection of preferred basking sites and prohibition of fishing in the main settling zones are the principal conservation measures while in the long term, education and participatory management by local people are also necessary. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Infection with an intestinal helminth parasite reduces Freund's complete adjuvant–induced monoarthritis in mice
Authors: Shi Meiqing , Wang Arthur , Prescott David , Waterhouse Christopher C. M. , Zhang Shuren , McDougall Jason J. , Sharkey Keith A. , McKay Derek M. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractObjectiveAssessment of infection with helminth parasites in murine models of disease could identify antiinflammatory mechanisms that translate into treatments for arthritic disease. The aim of this study was to test the ability of infection with the tapeworm Hymenolepis diminuta to ameliorate Freund's complete adjuvant (CFA)–induced monoarthritis in mice.MethodsMice received CFA with or without H diminuta, and knee swelling, pain, and measures of inflammation were assessed.ResultsInjection of CFA resulted in rapid (within 24 hours) and sustained (lasting 20 days) knee swelling, a decreased pain threshold, increased blood flow to the knee, and increased production of tumor necrosis factor α and interleukin‐12p40 (IL‐12p40). In mice that were infected with H diminuta 8 days prior to receiving CFA, the severity of arthritis was reduced as assessed by these indices of inflammation and infection 2 days after CFA injection and resulted in more rapid resolution of knee swelling. This antiarthritic effect required a viable infection and was dependent on adaptive immunity, because infection with H diminuta did not protect mice lacking T cells and B cells or the IL‐4 receptor α chain from CFA‐induced inflammation. Interleukin‐10 was of prime importance in the antiarthritic effect, because IL‐10–knockout mice were not protected by infection, the antiarthritic effect was ablated by use of neutralizing IL‐10 antibodies, and transfer of CD4+ cells from infected wild‐type mice but not IL‐10–knockout mice significantly reduced CFA‐induced knee swelling.ConclusionIn mice, the adaptive immune response to infection with H diminuta involves mobilization of IL‐10, which has the concomitant advantage of dampening the innate immune responses that drive CFA‐induced joint inflammation.
Iridium‐Catalyzed Asymmetric Hydrogenation of Unfunctionalized, Trialkyl‐Substituted Olefins
Authors: Wang Aie , Fraga Rui P. A. , Hörmann Esther , Pfaltz Andreas 
Published: October 2010

AbstractChiral iridium complexes with bicyclic pyridine‐based N,P ligands have emerged as efficient catalysts for the enantioselective hydrogenation of unfunctionalized trialkyl‐substituted olefins. Optimization of the reaction conditions by variation of the solvent, pressure, and temperature led to enantiomeric excesses of up to 99 %. Three pure alkenes, (E)‐2‐cyclohexyl‐2‐butene and (E)‐ and (Z)‐3,4‐dimethyl‐2‐pentene were converted into the corresponding chiral alkanes with 97 %, 94 %, and 93 % ee, respectively. Hydrogenation of the three CC bonds of both α‐ and γ‐tocotrienyl acetate led to α‐ and γ‐tocopheryl acetate with very high diastereoselectivity. The same catalysts were successfully applied in the hydrogenation of trisubstituted alkenes with a carboxylic ester or a keto group in the γ position. This reaction was used as a key step in a highly enantioselective synthesis of the pheromone of the caddisfly Hesperophylax occidentalis. The hydrogenation of a structurally analogous allylic alcohol also gave high enantioselectivities.
Hydrophobic polycationic coatings disinfect poliovirus and rotavirus solutions
Authors: Larson Alyssa M. , Hsu Bryan B. , Rautaray Debabrata , Haldar Jayanta , Chen Jianzhu , Klibanov Alexander M. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractCoating surfaces with N‐alkylated polyethylenimines (PEIs), namely branched N,N‐hexyl,methyl‐PEI via covalent attachment to glass or linear N,N‐dodecyl,methyl‐PEI by physical deposition (“painting”) onto polyethylene, enables the resultant materials to quickly and efficiently disinfect aqueous solutions of (non‐enveloped) poliovirus and rotavirus. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2011; 108:720–723. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Purification of monomeric mAb from associated aggregates using selective desorption chromatography in hydroxyapatite systems
Authors: Morrison Christopher J. , Gagnon Pete , Cramer Steven M. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractSelective desorption on ceramic hydroxyapatite (CHT) was implemented for the purification of monomeric monoclonal antibody (mAb) from associated aggregates and other post‐protein A step impurities. A robotic liquid handling system was employed to carry out a parallel batch screen of selective desorbents on a post‐protein A step mAb mixture. The effect of different phosphate concentrations was also investigated. Selective batch separations were achieved between monomeric mAb and associated aggregates/impurities. The batch screen results also established optimal mobile phase conditions for each selective desorbent. These initial batch results were then used to guide column separations, and baseline separation of monomeric mAb from associated aggregates and impurities was achieved, validating the screening results. Selective desorption also resulted in improved separations on CHT, with 100% yield of pure monomeric mAb as compared to 61% and 79%, respectively, for conventional linear and step gradient operations. This proof of concept study demonstrates selective desorption on CHT as an effective separation technique for the purification of monomeric mAb from associated aggregates and other post‐protein A step impurities in a single process step. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2011; 108:813–821. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Is your QSAR/QSPR descriptor real or trash?
Authors: Kiralj Rudolf , Ferreira Márcia M. C. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractThe sign change problem in quantitative structure–activity relationship (QSAR), quantitative structure–property relationship (QSPR) and related studies is the controversy related to the signs of correlation coefficients and regression coefficients of a descriptor in univariate and multivariate regressions, before and after the data split. Among 50 investigated regression models with 227 descriptors extracted from the literature, the sign change problem was shown to have a very high frequency, according to four new criteria proposed in this work for its assessment. The sign change problem can be substantially reduced and even eliminated for a given dataset by statistically based variable selection and by checking for the sign change problem before model validation and interpretation. Knowing the fundamentals of statistics related to the sign change problem, its identification and understanding aid in finding effective means to remedy regression models with this deficiency. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Luminescent Cyclometalated Dialkynylgold(III) Complexes of 2‐Phenylpyridine‐Type Derivatives with Readily Tunable Emission Properties
Authors: Au Vonika Ka‐Man , Wong Keith Man‐Chung , Zhu Nianyong , Yam Vivian Wing‐Wah 
Published: October 2010

AbstractA novel class of luminescent dialkynylgold(III) complexes containing various phenylpyridine and phenylisoquinoline‐type bidentate ligands has been successfully synthesized and characterized. The structures of some of them have also been determined by X‐ray crystallography. Electrochemical studies demonstrate the presence of a ligand‐centered reduction originating from the cyclometalating C^N ligand, whereas the first oxidation wave is associated with an alkynyl ligand‐centered oxidation. The electronic absorption and photoluminescence properties of the complexes have also been investigated. In dichloromethane solution at room temperature, the low‐energy absorption bands are assigned as the metal‐perturbed π–π* intraligand (IL) transition of the cyclometalating C^N ligand, with mixing of charge‐transfer character from the aryl ring to the pyridine or isoquinoline moieties of the cyclometalating C^N ligand. The low‐energy emission bands of the complexes in fluid solution at room temperature are ascribed to originate from the metal‐perturbed π–π* IL transition of the cyclometalatng C^N ligand. For complex 4 that contains an electron‐rich amino substituent on the alkynyl ligand, a structureless emission band, instead of one with vibronic structures as in the other complexes, was observed, which was assigned as being derived from an excited state of a [π(CCC6H4NH2)→π*(C^N)] ligand‐to‐ligand charge‐transfer (LLCT) transition.
Dual Effect of Halides in the Stille Reaction: In Situ Halide Metathesis and Catalyst Stabilization
Authors: Verbeeck Stefan , Meyers Caroline , Franck Philippe , Jutand Anny , Maes Bert U. W. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractHalide anions can increase or decrease the transmetallation rate of the Stille reaction through in situ halide metathesis. Although the influence of the halogen present in oxidative addition complexes on the transmetallation rate with organostannanes was already known, the application of in situ halide metathesis to accelerate cross‐coupling reactions with organometallic reagents is not described in the literature yet. In addition a second unprecedented role of halides was discovered. Halide anions stabilize the [Pd0(L)2] catalyst in Stille reactions, by means of [Pd0X(L)2]− formation (X=Cl, I), hereby preventing its leaching from the catalytic cycle. Both arene (iodobenzene) and azaheteroarene (2‐halopyridine, halopyrazine, 2‐halopyrimidine) substrates were used.