bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Controversy on health-based guidance values for bisphenol A—the need of criteria for studies that serve as a basis for risk assessment
Authors: Leist Marcel , Buettner Andrea , Diel Patrick , Eisenbrand Gerhard , Epe Bernd , Först Petra , Grune Tilman , Haller Dirk , Heinz Volker , Hellwig Michael , Humpf Hans-Ulrich , Jäger Henry , Kulling Sabine E. , Mally Angela , Marko Doris , Nöthlings Ute , Röhrdanz Elke , Spranger Joachim , Vieths Stefan , Wätjen Wim , Hengstler Jan G. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractSince 2006, the responsible regulatory bodies have proposed five health-based guidance values (HBGV) for bisphenol A (BPA) that differ by a factor of 250,000. This range of HBGVs covers a considerable part of the range from highly toxic to relatively non-toxic substances. As such heterogeneity of regulatory opinions is a challenge not only for scientific risk assessment but also for all stakeholders, the Senate Commission on Food Safety (SKLM) of the German Research Foundation (DFG) analyzed the reasons for the current discrepancy and used this example to suggest improvements for the process of HBGV recommendations. A key aspect for deriving a HBGV is the selection of appropriate studies that allow the identification of a point of departure (PoD) for risk assessment. In the case of BPA, the HBGV derived in the 2023 EFSA assessment was based on a study that reported an increase of Th17 cells in mice with a benchmark dose lower bound (BMDL40) of 0.53 µg/kg bw/day. However, this study does not comply with several criteria that are important for scientific risk assessment: (1) the selected end-point, Th17 cell frequency in the spleen of mice, is insufficiently understood with respect to health outcomes. (2) It is unclear, by which mechanism BPA may cause an increase in Th17 cell frequency. (3) It is unknown, if an increase of Th17 cell frequency in rodents is comparably observed in humans. (4) Toxicokinetics were not addressed. (5) Neither the raw data nor the experimental protocols are available. A further particularly important criterion (6) is independent data confirmation which is not available in the present case. Previous studies using other readouts did not observe immune-related adverse effects such as inflammation, even at doses orders of magnitude higher than in the Th17 cell-based study. The SKLM not only provides here key criteria for the use of such studies, but also suggests that the use of such a “checklist” requires a careful and comprehensive scientific judgement of each item. It is concluded that the Th17 cell-based study data do not represent an adequate basis for risk assessment of BPA.
Comparison of data processing strategies using commercial vs. open-source software in GC-Orbitrap-HRMS untargeted metabolomics analysis for food authentication: thyme geographical differentiation and marker identification as a case study
Authors: Rivera-Pérez Araceli , Garrido Frenich Antonia 
Published: May 2024

AbstractUntargeted analysis of gas chromatography–high-resolution mass spectrometry (GC-HRMS) data is a key and time-consuming challenge for identifying metabolite markers in food authentication applications. Few studies have been performed to evaluate the capability of untargeted data processing tools for feature extraction, metabolite annotation, and marker selection from untargeted GC-HRMS data since most of them are focused on liquid chromatography (LC) analysis. In this framework, this study provides a comprehensive evaluation of data analysis tools for GC-Orbitrap-HRMS plant metabolomics data, including the open-source MS-DIAL software and commercial Compound Discoverer™ software (designed for Orbitrap data processing), applied for the geographical discrimination and search for thyme markers (Spanish vs. Polish differentiation) as the case study. Both approaches showed that the feature detection process is highly affected by unknown metabolites (Levels 4–5 of identification confidence), background signals, and duplicate features that must be carefully assessed before further multivariate data analysis for reliable putative identification of markers. As a result, Compound Discoverer™ and MS-DIAL putatively annotated 52 and 115 compounds at Level 2, respectively. Further multivariate data analysis allowed the identification of differential compounds, showing that the putative identification of markers, especially in challenging untargeted analysis, heavily depends on the data processing parameters, including available databases used during compound annotation. Overall, this method comparison pointed out both approaches as good options for untargeted analysis of GC-Orbitrap-HRMS data, and it is presented as a useful guide for users to implement these data processing approaches in food authenticity applications depending on their availability.
Graphical Abstract
Quantum No-signalling Correlations and Non-local Games
Authors: Todorov Ivan G. , Turowska Lyudmila 
Published: May 2024

AbstractWe introduce and examine three subclasses of the family of quantum no-signalling (QNS) correlations introduced by Duan and Winter: quantum commuting, quantum and local. We formalise the notion of a universal TRO of a block operator isometry, define an operator system, universal for stochastic operator matrices, and realise it as a quotient of a matrix algebra. We describe the classes of QNS correlations in terms of states on the tensor products of two copies of the universal operator system and specialise the correlation classes and their representations to classical-to-quantum correlations. We study various quantum versions of synchronous no-signalling correlations and show that they possess invariance properties for suitable sets of states. We introduce quantum non-local games as a generalisation of non-local games. We define the operation of quantum game composition and show that the perfect strategies belonging to a certain class are closed under channel composition. We specialise to the case of graph colourings, where we exhibit quantum versions of the orthogonal rank of a graph as the optimal output dimension for which perfect classical-to-quantum strategies of the graph colouring game exist, as well as to non-commutative graph homomorphisms, where we identify quantum versions of non-commutative graph homomorphisms introduced by Stahlke.
Intracranial arterial calcification in patients with unruptured and ruptured intracranial aneurysms
Authors: Kamphuis Maarten J. , van der Kamp Laura T. , Lette Edwin , Rinkel Gabriel J. E. , Vergouwen Mervyn D. I. , van der Schaaf Irene C. , de Jong Pim A. , Ruigrok Ynte M. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Objectives
Arterial calcification is thought to protect against rupture of intracranial aneurysms, but studies in a representative population of intracranial aneurysm patients have not yet been performed. The aim was to compare the prevalence of aneurysm wall calcification and intracranial carotid artery calcification (ICAC) between patients with an unruptured intracranial aneurysm (UIA) and a ruptured intracranial aneurysm (RIA).

Materials and methods
We matched 150 consecutive UIA patients to 150 RIA patients on age and sex. Aneurysm wall calcification and ICAC were quantified on non-contrast enhanced computed tomography images with the modified Agatston score. We compared the prevalence of aneurysm wall calcification, ICAC, and severe ICAC (defined as a modified Agatston score in the fourth quartile) between UIA and RIA patients using univariate and multivariate conditional logistic regression models adjusted for aneurysm characteristics and cardiovascular risk factors.

Results
Aneurysm wall calcification was more prevalent in UIA compared to RIA patients (OR 5.2, 95% CI: 2.0–13.8), which persisted after adjustment (OR 5.9, 95% CI: 1.7–20.2). ICAC prevalence did not differ between the two groups (crude OR 0.9, 95% CI: 0.5–1.8). Severe ICAC was more prevalent in UIA patients (OR 2.0, 95% CI: 1.1–3.6), but not after adjustment (OR 1.0, 95% CI: 0.5–2.3).

Conclusions
Aneurysm wall calcification but not ICAC was more prevalent in UIAs than in RIAs, which corresponds to the hypothesis that calcification may protect against aneurysmal rupture. Aneurysm wall calcification should be further assessed as a predictor of aneurysm stability in prospective cohort studies.

Clinical relevance statement
Calcification of the intracranial aneurysm wall was more prevalent in unruptured than ruptured intracranial aneurysms after adjustment for cardiovascular risk factors. Calcification may therefore protect the aneurysm against rupture, and aneurysm wall calcification is a candidate predictor of aneurysm stability.

Key Points

Aneurysm wall calcification was more prevalent in patients with unruptured than ruptured aneurysms, while internal carotid artery calcification was similar.

Aneurysm wall calcification but not internal carotid artery calcification is a candidate predictor of aneurysm stability.

Cohort studies are needed to assess the predictive value of aneurysm wall calcification for aneurysm stability.

Graphical Abstract
Neodymium (III)-containing poly(lactide-co-glycolide)-coated robocast bioactive glass scaffolds for photothermal therapy and bone regeneration
Authors: Deliormanlı Aylin M. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIn this study, trivalent neodymium-doped silicate-based 13–93 bioactive glass scaffolds were prepared by the robocasting method using sol-gel-derived bioactive glass powders for tissue engineering applications. Sintered scaffolds were coated by borate-based 13-93B3 bioactive glass-containing polylactide-co-glycolide solution. The produced composite scaffolds’ mechanical, morphological, and structural characteristics were thoroughly examined, as their in vitro bioactivity in cell culture media and simulated body fluid. Furthermore, the scaffolds’ amoxicillin adsorption and release behavior was examined over time. The outcomes demonstrated that it was feasible to effectively create periodic, mesh-like-patterned robocast glass scaffolds utilizing Nd3+-doped sol-gel-derived bioactive glass powders. The scaffolds’ compressive strengths ranged from 10.02 MPa to 18.6 MPa, with the PLGA-coated scaffolds exhibiting the highest strength values. All of the scaffolds that were submerged in simulated body fluid for 28 days showed hydroxyapatite formation. The presence of borate glass on the surface of the silicate-based glass scaffolds improved the hydroxyapatite formation ability. The quantity of drug adsorption for all types of scaffolds was measured to be between 4 and 9% whereas the cumulative drug release was in the range of 58 to 96%. Borate glass particle-containing PLGA coating enhanced the drug delivery behavior.
Vaskulitis der Retina
Authors: zur Bonsen Lynn , Rübsam Anne , Knecht Vitus , Pleyer Uwe 
Published: May 2024

ZusammenfassungEntzündliche Veränderungen der Netzhautgefäße können auf ein breites Spektrum von Ursachen zurückgeführt werden. Dazu zählen Infektionen, intraokulare und systemische Autoimmunprozesse, Allgemeinerkrankungen sowie iatrogene Faktoren. Da das Endothel der Retinakapillaren die innere Blut-Retina-Schranke bildet, ist eine Störung dieser Struktur unmittelbar mit Konsequenzen für den Flüssigkeitselektrolythaushalt der Netzhaut verbunden. Als klinische Folgen können sich Leckagen der Netzhautgefäße und Makulaödem einstellen, die oft funktionell bedrohlich sind und die Lebensqualität der Patienten bedeutend einschränken. Da das Auge als „Indexorgan“ betroffen sein kann, kommt der Abklärung des Patienten durch den Ophthalmologen eine wichtige Bedeutung zu. Im Zeitalter der „Präzisionsmedizin“ bestehen Anstrengungen, neue Erkenntnisse über die pathogenetischen Mechanismen der Vaskulitis durch „‑Omics“ zu erlangen, um innovative Behandlungskonzepte zu entwickeln.
Arc Connectivity and Submodular Flows in Digraphs
Authors: Abdi Ahmad , Cornuéjols Gérard , Zambelli Giacomo 
Published: May 2024

AbstractLet $$D=(V,A)$$

D
=
(
V
,
A
)

be a digraph. For an integer $$k\ge 1$$

k
≥
1

, a k-arc-connected flip is an arc subset of D such that after reversing the arcs in it the digraph becomes (strongly) k-arc-connected. The first main result of this paper introduces a sufficient condition for the existence of a k-arc-connected flip that is also a submodular flow for a crossing submodular function. More specifically, given some integer $$\tau \ge 1$$

τ
≥
1

, suppose $$d_A^+(U)+(\frac{\tau }{k}-1)d_A^-(U)\ge \tau $$

d
A
+

(
U
)

+

(

τ
k

-
1
)

d
A
-

(
U
)

≥
τ

for all $$U\subsetneq V, U\ne \emptyset $$

U
⊊
V
,
U
≠
∅

, where $$d_A^+(U)$$

d
A
+

(
U
)

and $$d_A^-(U)$$

d
A
-

(
U
)

denote the number of arcs in A leaving and entering U, respectively. Let $${\mathcal {C}}$$
C
be a crossing family over ground set V, and let $$f:{\mathcal {C}}\rightarrow {\mathbb {Z}}$$

f
:
C
→
Z

be a crossing submodular function such that $$f(U)\ge \frac{k}{\tau }(d_A^+(U)-d_A^-(U))$$

f

(
U
)

≥

k
τ

(

d
A
+

(
U
)

-

d
A
-

(
U
)

)

for all $$U\in {\mathcal {C}}$$

U
∈
C

. Then D has a k-arc-connected flip J such that $$f(U)\ge d_J^+(U)-d_J^-(U)$$

f

(
U
)

≥

d
J
+

(
U
)

-

d
J
-

(
U
)

for all $$U\in {\mathcal {C}}$$

U
∈
C

. The result has several applications to Graph Orientations and Combinatorial Optimization. In particular, it strengthens Nash-Williams’ so-called weak orientation theorem, and proves a weaker variant of Woodall’s conjecture on digraphs whose underlying undirected graph is $$\tau $$
τ
-edge-connected. The second main result of this paper is even more general. It introduces a sufficient condition for the existence of capacitated integral solutions to the intersection of two submodular flow systems. This sufficient condition implies the classic result of Edmonds and Giles on the box-total dual integrality of a submodular flow system. It also has the consequence that in a weakly connected digraph, the intersection of two submodular flow systems is totally dual integral.
Imaging of cerebrovascular complications from blunt skull base trauma
Authors: Bai James , Ismail Rahim , Kessler Alex , Kawakyu-O’Connor Daniel 
Published: May 2024

AbstractCerebrovascular complications from blunt trauma to the skull base, though rare, can lead to potentially devastating outcomes, emphasizing the importance of timely diagnosis and management. Due to the insidious clinical presentation, subtle nature of imaging findings, and complex anatomy of the skull base, diagnosing cerebrovascular injuries and their complications poses considerable challenges. This article offers a comprehensive review of skull base anatomy and pathophysiology pertinent to recognizing cerebrovascular injuries and their complications, up-to-date screening criteria and imaging techniques for assessing these injuries, and a case-based review of the spectrum of cerebrovascular complications arising from skull base trauma. This review will enhance understanding of cerebrovascular injuries and their complications from blunt skull base trauma to facilitate diagnosis and timely treatment.
University teachers’ perspectives on student attendance: a challenge to the identity of university teachers before, during and after Covid-19
Authors: Detoni Mateus , Allan Arlene , Connelly Sean , Summerfield Tina , Townsend Sheena , Shephard Kerry 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis article addresses university teachers’ perspectives, gathered via interviews, on issues involved in their students’ decreasing attendance in formal taught-events, before and during the pandemic, and the implications of this for university teaching in the future. The research was part of a broad enquiry into learning and teaching during the Covid-19 pandemic, conducted in one research-led university in New Zealand by a research team of 19 university academics from multiple departments in this institution. We undertook 11 semi-structured interviews with eight professors, one lecturer and two teaching fellows, anonymous to all but the interviewer. A sub-group (authors of this article) used a general inductive approach to seek an underlying structure of experiences evident in participants’ interviews, in the form of emergent and reoccurring themes in the data. Self-determination theory was used as a theoretical framework for analysis. Themes suggest that university teachers may be stressed about attendance, increasingly uncertain about the links between how they teach and what and how students learn, and feel personally rather than collectively responsible as they address matters that they perceive to be only partially under their control. Researchers concluded that interviewed teachers may be collectively experiencing some form of crisis of confidence relating to their roles, responsibilities and identity as university teachers. Although perceptions of limited autonomy, relatedness and competence all suggest solutions at the institutional level, their combination and link to generic academic identity suggests that Covid-19 may have exposed broader limitations in university teaching as a collegiate, rather than professional, activity.
We Might Have a Sports Gambling Problem and It Is Not What You Think: A Commentary
Authors: Whelan James P. , Pfund Rory A. , Ginley Meredith K. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe 2018 Supreme Court decision on Murphy v. National Collegiate Athletic Association brought not only a change in the United States commercial gambling landscape, but also considerable speculation across public forums about whether expanded sports gambling causes new, distinct, and greater harm than existing legal forms of gambling. This commentary brings into the focus that the definition of this form of gambling has recently begun to shift without a theoretical basis or empirical evidence. To bring evidence to bear, there is a need for a precise operational definition of sport gambling and greatly clarity to the questions that can drive knowledge generation.
Investigation of Gambling Behavior, Self-Confidence and Psychological Resilience Levels of University Students
Authors: Duran Songul , Demirci Özlem , Akgenç Filiz 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe aim of this study is to examine the relationship between gambling behavior, self-confidence, and psychological resilience levels among university students. Additionally, the study aims to investigate the relationship between gambling behavior and socio-demographic variables. This descriptive and cross-sectional study was conducted between April and June 2023. The research employed a questionnaire, the Brief Psychological Resilience Scale, the South Oaks Gambling Screen (SOGS), and the Self-Confidence Scale. The study was carried out online, reaching 229 students through Google Forms. According to the SOGS scores, 4.8% of the students are at risk of gambling addiction. Male students have statistically significantly higher SOGS scores than female students. The SOGS score is significantly higher in working students, smokers, and alcohol drinkers (p < 0.05). No statistically significant relationship was found between the students’ SOGS scores and the self- confidence scale (p = 0.637) and the brief resilience scale (p = 0.675). It is thought that training should be given to risky groups in order to prevent gambling behavior. In addition, it is thought that supporting university students to be active in different arts and sports fields may have a positive effect on preventing and reducing addictions.
New criteria for sustainable land use planning of metropolitan green infrastructures in the tropical Andes
Authors: LaRota-Aguilera María José , Zapata-Caldas Emmanuel , Buitrago-Bermúdez Oscar , Marull Joan 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Context
Urbanization is rapidly increasing worldwide, with about 60% of the global population currently residing in cities and expected to reach 68% by 2050. In Latin America's tropical Andes region, managing these changes poses challenges, including biodiversity loss and vulnerability to climate change.

Objectives
This study assesses urban growth and agricultural intensification impacts on the ecological functionality of metropolitan green infrastructures and their capacity to provide ecosystem services using a landscape sustainability and sociometabolic approach. Specifically, it aims to identify landscape configurations promoting socio-ecological sustainability amidst rapid urbanization.

Methods
A landscape-metabolic model (IDC) was applied to evaluate the interactions between land use changes and ecosystem functions in the metropolitan region of Cali.

Results
Agricultural intensification and industrialization, coupled with uncontrolled urban growth, have significantly transformed the landscape, posing threats to its sustainability. The prevailing biocultural landscapes hold a substantial potential to provide essential ecosystem services to the metropolis. The IDC offers an approach that utilizes a land cover map and agricultural production/metabolism data to calculate an indicator closely related to ecosystem services and multifunctionality.

Conclusions
The IDC model stands out for efficiently capturing landscape dynamics, providing insights into landscape configuration and social metabolism without extensive resource requirements. This research highlights the importance of adopting a landscape-metabolic and green infrastructure framework to guide territorial policies in the tropical Andes and similar regions. It stresses the need for informed land use planning to address challenges and leverage opportunities presented by biocultural landscapes for regional sustainability amidst rapid urbanization and agricultural expansion.
Temporal variability of sinkhole hazard illustrated in the western shore of the Dead Sea
Authors: Sevil Jorge , Gutiérrez Francisco 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe growing economic and societal damage caused by sinkhole activity worldwide requires the development of scientifically sound sinkhole hazard assessment approaches. Currently, there is a striking paucity of quantitative sinkhole hazard studies largely related to the incompleteness of sinkhole inventories and the lack of chronological data. Moreover, the probability of occurrence of sinkholes (i.e., sinkhole hazard) is commonly considered as a steady variable, a concept that may lead to significant hazard over- or under-estimates. The extraordinarily high frequency of sinkhole occurrence of the studied sector of the western shore of the Dead Sea has allowed us to explore for the first time the potential temporal variability of sinkhole hazard parameters. Here, we produced six multi-temporal sinkhole inventories with morphometric data between 2005 and 2021 using remote-sensed imagery. The frequency-size relationships generated for successive time intervals with a total of 667 new sinkholes reveal substantial temporal changes in the sinkhole hazard components (i.e., frequency and size). Moreover, the work illustrates that spatial redundancy (sinkholes nested within or intersecting pre-existing ones) can lead to significant hazard overestimates if not considered, especially in areas with high sinkhole density and clustering. This work discusses the limitations of some widely used methods and concepts for sinkhole hazard assessment and illustrates the advantages of detailed multi-temporal mapping for assessing frequency-size relationships and their temporal trends.