bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multimodale Behandlungsstrategien für hausgebundene Menschen mit
schwerem ME/CFS: ein Scoping Review
Authors: Mayer-Huber Sandra , Kircher Alissa , Eberhartinger Maria , Stojanov Silvia , Behrends Uta 
Published: May 2024

Zusammenfassung
Zielsetzung Dieser Scoping Review zielt darauf ab, einen Überblick über
bisher publizierte Behandlungsstrategien zu geben, die multimodaler und nicht
rein medikamentöser Art sind und für haus- oder bettgebundene ME/CFS-Patienten
in Frage kommen. Der Schwerpunkt liegt somit auf der Analyse von
telemedizinischen und aufsuchenden Behandlungselementen. Darüber hinaus werden
die in den betrachteten Studien verwendeten Evaluations- und Auswertungsmethoden
herausgearbeitet.
Methode Nach einer Literaturrecherche gemäß der Scoping Review-Methode und
unter Verwendung von vordefinierten Kriterien wurden 14 Publikationen
eingeschlossen und ausgewertet. Voraussetzung für den Einschluss waren Modelle,
die auf hausgebundene Personen mit ME/CFS anwendbar sind und sich auf
sozialmedizinische, psychologische Unterstützungsangebote und nicht auf einzelne
medikamentöse Strategien beziehen.
Ergebnis Die als geeignet bewerteten Behandlungen fanden überwiegend in
einem aufsuchenden (Hausbesuche) (n=5) oder telemedizinischen (n=7) Format
statt. Studien mit einem anderen Setting wurden aus dem Grund einbezogen, dass
das beschriebene Modell in ein telemedizinisches Konzept umwandelbar wäre.
Darüber hinaus wurden in mehreren Studien (n=8) Individualisierung und
Flexibilität der Behandlungsmethode - und somit die Möglichkeit, auf das
tagesaktuelle Ausmaß der Beeinträchtigung eingehen zu können - ebenfalls als
wichtige Faktoren im Umgang mit dieser Patientengruppe herausgearbeitet. In
sechs Studien wurde eine zusätzliche, ausdrückliche Einbindung der Familien in
das Behandlungskonzept beschrieben. In zehn Artikeln wurde die Evaluation eines
Behandlungskonzepts beschrieben, meist unter Verwendung von Fragebögen (n=7). Es
wurde keine einheitliche Verwendung spezifischer Fragebögen festgestellt.
Qualitative Auswertungen wurden durchweg mittels thematischer Analyse nach Braun
und Clarke durchgeführt (n=3).
Schlussfolgerung Die Gesamtzahl der Publikationen, die sich mit
multimodalen Behandlungsstrategien für hausgebundene ME/CFS-Patienten
beschäftigen, ist gering. Es finden sich jedoch aufsuchende und telemedizinische
Ansätze. Die Mehrzahl der identifizierten Publikationen adressieren die
Notwendigkeit einer individualisierten, flexiblen Versorgung. Einige widmen sich
dem möglichen Mehrgewinn durch explizite Einbindung der Angehörigen. Die
recherchierten Daten belegen die besonderen Herausforderungen bei der Versorgung
von schwer betroffenen ME/CFS-Patienten und implizieren, dass diese
Besonderheiten auch im Forschungskontext berücksichtigt werden müssen.
Excessive Postprandial Sleepiness in Two Young Adults Effectively Treated with Antidiabetic Medications
Authors: Ohara Shinji , Takaki Ryusuke , Sasaki Shigeto 
Published: May 2024

AbstractWe herein describe the cases of two young Japanese adults who presented with excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS). Based on their history, the postprandial nature of the sleepiness was suspected, although the patients themselves were not aware of the association. Oral glucose tolerance tests (OGTTs) reproduced the sleepiness and showed the patterns of insulin resistance (IR) compatible with type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in one patient and glucose intolerance in the other. There was no evidence of chronic hyperglycemia in either patient. Antidiabetic medications resulted in the disappearance of EDS in both patients; in one, a repeat OGTT revealed improved IR. We suggest that postprandial somnolence can present with EDS, and it can be effectively treated with antidiabetic medications, and that the OGTT can be useful in identifying IR, which may be the underliyng cause of the excessive postprandial somnolence.
Periprosthetic Hip Heterotopic Ossification after Electrocution
Authors: Coden Gloria , Johnson Kurt V. , Bono Olivia , Bono James V. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background Heterotopic ossification is not only a common occurrence following total hip arthroplasty, but also may follow burn injuries. Uncommonly, this entity may become symptomatic when associated with a hip replacement and even less commonly presents in a delayed fashion years after the procedure.
Case Presentation We describe a case in which symptomatic periprosthetic heterotopic ossification was identified years after total hip replacement, but only months following an electrical injury.
Conclusion Patients with prosthetic joint replacements may be at risk for symptomatic periprosthetic heterotopic ossification following an electrocution event due to electrical conduction through the prosthesis and surrounding tissues.
Role of Nasal Surgery in Adult Obstructive Sleep Apnea: A Systematic Review
Authors: Correa Eduardo J. , Conti Diego M. , Moreno-Luna Ramón , Sánchez-Gómez Serafín , O'Connor Reina Carlos 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Objective To perform a systematic review to determine if isolated nasal surgery has any impact on subjective or objective parameters in adult obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) patients.
Materials and Methods From December 2022 to March 2023, we conducted a search on the PubMed, Cochrane, Scopus, and Web of Science databases. Two independent investigators performed a study selection according to the established criteria, as well as data collection, including the study design, the subjective and objective parameters addressed, the type of intervention, and the outcomes, considering the methodological quality and risk of bias.
Results In total, 25 studies met the selection criteria, and they showed that there is a significant improvement in sleep quality, sleepiness, nasal resistance, and snoring after isolated nasal surgery. Still, there is no relevant modification of other polysomnographic parameters. It also reduces the required titration pressures of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) and increases the duration of its use.
Conclusion Isolated nasal surgery is not a primary treatment for OSA. Still, it improves the subjective parameters and can lead to CPAP therapy success by enhancing its effectiveness and long-term compliance.
The Isosceles Nasal Tip—Laser-Assisted Midline Assessment in Rhinoplasty
Authors: Neves Jose Carlos , Rivero Irene 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe accurate determination of the nasal tip's spatial location is crucial for achieving symmetry in rhinoplasty. Even minor deviations can result in asymmetrical lengths and configurations of the nostrils. Our approach centers on defining the nasal tip position by establishing the midline of the nasal base and projecting an isosceles triangle. This triangle, with the tip as the vertex and alar creases as angles, ensures symmetric sidewalls. The symmetry axis, derived from the isosceles triangle, guides the placement of the tip sidewalls and columella. To implement this, we use anatomical benchmarks such as the implantation of the nasal base and position of the alar creases, considering inherent facial asymmetries. We introduce a laser gadget as an auxiliary tool, projecting perpendicular lines to guide precise midline alignment. Marking specific points, including interbrow midpoint and alar creases, ensures accuracy. In the past 12 months, we applied this methodology in 247 rhinoplasty cases, observing improved outcomes and patient satisfaction. Our proposal of utilizing isosceles triangles provides a streamlined approach to achieving symmetry. The laser device, while beneficial, should be viewed as supportive rather than an absolute guiding measure.
Treatment for Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome Using Nonpharmacological Interventions
Authors: Robinson Tonya W. , Stikes Reetta , Sorrell Jaki , Gater Amanda , Booth Adam T. , Gardner Amanda , Greenwell Colleen , Businger Shannon , Low Ryan , Petrie Rachael 
Published: May 2024

Objective Management of neonatal abstinence syndrome includes nonpharmacological interventions, but their effectiveness may not be verified before implemented. The objective of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of a type of bassinet in the treatment of infants with neonatal abstinence syndrome.
Study Design This is a retrospective observational cohort study. Study setting involved a 24-bed open-bay Level III neonatal intensive care unit located in a metropolitan academic trauma facility. Participant inclusion criteria involved prenatally opioid-exposed infants ≥ 35 weeks with confirmed maternal opioid urine toxicology, required pharmacological treatment for withdrawal symptoms, and were admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit. Three subsets of study participants were analyzed over three different time periods: Group 1 were infants admitted during 2019 without nonpharmacological intervention, Group 2 who were admitted from September 2021 to February 2022 and received nonpharmacological interventions, and Group 3 included those admitted from February 2022 to March 2023 who received the same interventions as Group 2 but were managed in bassinets being used in other local facilities for neonatal abstinence syndrome.
Results Group 3 had significant increases in length of stay compared with Group 1 (p = 0.006) and Group 2 (p = 0.013). Group 3 had a significantly greater length of treatment than Group 1 (p = 0.041) and a significantly higher total mg/kg morphine exposure than Group 1 (p = 0.006).
Conclusion Addition of the bassinet for nonpharmacological management of infants with neonatal abstinence syndrome appeared to prolong length of stay, length of treatment, and increase total mg/kg morphine exposure. As a retrospective nonrandomized study, weakness of low certainty of causality is of concern but findings strongly warrant further research before devices such as the bassinet used in this study are adopted for routine neonatal abstinence syndrome care.
Key Points
Heparins May Not Be the Optimal Anticoagulants for Sepsis and Sepsis-Associated Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation
Authors: Iba Toshiaki , Helms Julie , Totoki Takaaki , Levy Jerrold H. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractHistorically, heparin has had the longest historical use as an anticoagulant and continues this day to be the primary therapeutic option for preventing thrombosis and thromboembolism in critically ill hospitalized patients. Heparin is also used to treat sepsis and sepsis-associated disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) in various countries. However, the efficacy and safety of heparin for this indication remains controversial, as adequately powered randomized clinical studies have not demonstrated as yet a survival benefit in sepsis and sepsis-associated DIC, despite meta-analyses and propensity analyses reporting improved outcomes without increasing bleeding risk. Further, activated protein C and recombinant thrombomodulin showed greater improvements in outcomes compared with heparin, although these effects were inconclusive. In summary, further research is warranted, despite the ongoing clinical use of heparin for sepsis and sepsis-associated DIC. Based on Japanese guidelines, antithrombin or recombinant thrombomodulin may be a preferable choice if they are accessible.
Correlation between Vitamin D Levels and Antimicrobial Peptide LL-37 in Pediatric Patients Diagnosed with Sepsis
Authors: Lu Fang , Wang Qiao-Yun , Li Ai-Min 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Objective Our objective was to examine potential differences in inflammatory markers, specifically antimicrobial peptide (AMP) LL-37 and interleukin-6 (IL-6), in the bloodstream of children with sepsis who had varying levels of vitamin D3.
Methods A total of 59 pediatric patients diagnosed with sepsis from January 2021 to November 2021 were enrolled in this study. The pediatric patients with sepsis were categorized into three groups based on their levels of vitamin D3, and AMP LL-37, IL-6, and procalcitonin (PCT) were compared among the three groups.
Discussion The LL-37 level in the group with vitamin D3 deficiency was notably lower than in the other two groups (p
deficiency group vs. insufficiency group = 0.019, p
deficiency group vs. normal group = 0.034), whereas the disparity between the group with vitamin D3 insufficiency and the group with normal vitamin D3 levels was not statistically significant. There was a positive correlation between the level of vitamin D3 and LL-37 in pediatric patients with sepsis (r = 0.324, p = 0.012). On the other hand, the level of IL-6 in pediatric patients with sepsis showed a positive correlation with both LL-37 (r = 0.474, p = 0.000) and PCT (r = 0.527, p = 0.000).
Conclusion Pediatric patients with sepsis typically exhibit low levels of vitamin D3, which are positively correlated with the levels of serum LL-37. Furthermore, the presence of higher levels of serum LL-37 is positively correlated with higher levels of IL-6.
Holoprosencephaly: The Disease and Its Related Disabilities
Authors: Balconara Desireè , La Cognata Daria , Zanghì Antonio , Vecchio Michele , Marino Francesco , Sortino Giuseppe , Belfiore Giuseppe , Basile Antonio , Falsaperla Raffaele , Praticò Andrea D. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractHoloprosencephaly (HPE), the most prevalent developmental anomaly affecting the forebrain in humans, occurs in approximately 1 in 16,000 liveborn neonates, with an incidence reaching 1 in 250 in conceptuses. This condition is distributed worldwide. HPE is etiologically heterogeneous, and its pathogenesis is variable. Environmental, teratogenic, genetic, or metabolic factors can contribute to the development of HPE. Notably, maternal insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and maternal alcoholism are among the primary causative factors. HPE may be linked to various well-defined multiple malformation syndromes characterized by a normal karyotype, such as Smith–Lemli–Opitz's, Pallister–Hall's, or velocardiofacial syndrome. Alternatively, it can be associated with chromosomal abnormalities. (i.e., Patau's syndrome and, less frequently, Edwards' syndrome or Down's syndrome). The major genes implicated in HPE are SHH, ZIC2, SIX3, and TGIF. The range of HPE is extensive, covering diverse neuropathological phenotypes of varying severity. Three classical types of HPE can be distinguished in increasing order of severity: lobar HPE, characterized by separated right and left ventricles with some continuity across the frontal cortex; semilobar HPE, featuring a partial separation; and the most severe form, alobar HPE, where there is a single brain ventricle and the absence of an interhemispheric fissure. Additionally, there are other variations of HPE, ranging in severity, including the less severe interhemispheric median HPE (also known as middle interhemispheric variant). The phenotypic spectrum of HPE is highly extensive, encompassing severe cerebral malformations to microforms. Children with HPE often encounter numerous medical challenges; among them neurological disorders, craniofacial malformations, endocrine disorders, oral and motor dysfunction, and dysfunction of the autonomic nervous system. Neurologic problems, such as cerebral palsy and seizures, are common. The diagnosis of HPE is typically made prenatally, relying primarily on ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging examinations. The prognosis for individuals with HPE is largely dependent on its underlying causes. Those with cytogenetic abnormalities, in particular, face a significantly poorer prognosis, with only 2% surviving beyond 1 year.
Anomalies of Midbrain/Hindbrain Development: Malformations of Cerebellum: Diagnosis, Classification, and Rehabilitative Hypothesis
Authors: Liotta Emanuele , Dierna Federica , Zanghì Antonio , Salafia Stefania , Vecchio Michele , Chiaramonte Rita , Cancemi Giovanna , Belfiore Giuseppe , Basile Antonio , Ruggieri Martino , Polizzi Agata 
Published: May 2024

AbstractExtensive research has been conducted on the cerebellum, making it one of the most thoroughly investigated regions of the brain. It plays a fundamental role not only in motor control but also in motor learning and cognition. The development of the cerebellum is a lengthy process, beginning during the embryonic period up to the first years of life. This slow and protracted process makes it a vulnerable organ liable to different insults, responsible for many developmental disorders such as Dandy–Walker syndrome, medulloblastoma, dystroglicanopathy, pontocerebellar hypoplasia, thubulinopathies, and Jubert syndrome. Due to several factors, the true prevalence of cerebellar malformations is not known in most cases. The cerebellum undergoes development through following four fundamental stages:(1) Identification of the cerebellar region at the boundary between the midbrain and hindbrain.(2) Establishment of two cell proliferation compartments: firstly, Purkinje cells and deep cerebellar nuclei emerge from the ventricular zone of the metencephalic alar plate; secondly, granule cell precursors are generated from a separate proliferation compartment known as the upper rhombic lip.(3) Migration of granule cells toward the interior: granule precursor cells constitute the external granular layer (EGL), and during the initial postnatal year, granule cells migrate inward to their final position in the internal granular layer.(4) Formation of cerebellar circuitry and subsequent differentiation.Based on different types of involvement of the structures detected in the brain magnetic resonance, the classification of brainstem and cerebellar anomalies is divided into three categories: (1) mainly the cerebellum, (2) mainly the brain stem, and (3) both involved. This review will outline the developmental processes of the cerebellum and delve into common developmental disorders associated with it, including the Dandy–Walker syndrome, cerebellar hypoplasia, rhomboencephalosynapsis, lissencephaly, and gray matter heterotopias.
Proposal and Validation of a Clinically Relevant Modification of the Japanese Association for Acute Medicine Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation Diagnostic Criteria for Sepsis
Authors: Yamakawa Kazuma , Umemura Yutaka , Mochizuki Katsunori , Matsuoka Tadashi , Wada Takeshi , Hayakawa Mineji , Iba Toshiaki , Ohtomo Yasuhiro , Okamoto Kohji , Mayumi Toshihiko , Ikeda Toshiaki , Ishikura Hiroyasu , Ogura Hiroshi , Kushimoto Shigeki , Saitoh Daizoh , Gando Satoshi 
Published: May 2024

Background Japanese Association for Acute Medicine (JAAM) disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) criteria were launched nearly 20 years ago. Following the revised conceptual definition of sepsis and subsequent omission of systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) score from the latest sepsis diagnostic criteria, we omitted the SIRS score and proposed a modified version of JAAM DIC criteria, the JAAM-2 DIC criteria.
Objectives To validate and compare performance between new JAAM-2 DIC criteria and conventional JAAM DIC criteria for sepsis.
Methods We used three datasets containing adult sepsis patients from a multicenter nationwide Japanese cohort study (J-septic DIC, FORECAST, and SPICE-ICU registries). JAAM-2 DIC criteria omitted the SIRS score and set the cutoff value at ≥3 points. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses were performed between the two DIC criteria to evaluate prognostic value. Associations between in-hospital mortality and anticoagulant therapy according to DIC status were analyzed using propensity score weighting to compare significance of the criteria in determining introduction of anticoagulants against sepsis.
Results Final study cohorts of the datasets included 2,154, 1,065, and 608 sepsis patients, respectively. ROC analysis revealed that curves for both JAAM and JAAM-2 DIC criteria as predictors of in-hospital mortality were almost consistent. Survival curves for the anticoagulant and control groups in the propensity score-weighted prediction model diagnosed using the two criteria were also almost entirely consistent.
Conclusion JAAM-2 DIC criteria were equivalent to JAAM DIC criteria regarding prognostic and diagnostic values for initiating anticoagulation. The newly proposed JAAM-2 DIC criteria could be potentially alternative criteria for sepsis management.
Tea Consumption, Milk or Sweeteners Addition, Genetic Variation in Caffeine Metabolism, and Incident Venous Thromboembolism
Authors: Xiang Hao , Liu Mengyi , Zhou Chun , Huang Yu , Zhang Yuanyuan , He Panpan , Ye Ziliang , Yang Sisi , Zhang Yanjun , Gan Xiaoqin , Qin Xianhui 
Published: May 2024

Objective The association between tea consumption and venous thromboembolism (VTE) remains unknown. We aimed to evaluate the association between tea consumption with different additives (milk and/or sweeteners) and incident VTE, and the modifying effects of genetic variation in caffeine metabolism on the association.
Methods A total of 190,189 participants with complete dietary information and free of VTE at baseline in the UK Biobank were included. The primary outcome was incident VTE, including incident deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism.
Results During a median follow-up of 12.1 years, 4,485 (2.4%) participants developed incident VTE. Compared with non-tea drinkers, tea drinkers who added neither milk nor sweeteners (hazard ratio [HR]: 0.85; 95% confidence interval [95% CI]: 0.76–0.94), only milk (HR: 0.86; 95% CI: 0.80–0.93), and both milk and sweeteners to their tea (HR: 0.90; 95% CI: 0.81–0.99) had a lower risk of VTE, while those who added only sweeteners to their tea did not (HR: 0.94; 95% CI: 0.75–1.17). Moreover, there was an L-shaped relationship between tea consumption and incident VTE among tea drinkers who added neither milk nor sweeteners, only milk, and both milk and sweeteners to their tea, respectively. However, a nonsignificant association was found among tea drinkers who added only sweeteners to their tea. Genetic variation in caffeine metabolism did not significantly modify the association (p-interaction = 0.659).
Conclusion Drinking unsweetened tea, with or without added milk, was associated with a lower risk of VTE. However, there was no significant association between drinking tea with sweeteners and incident VTE.