bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Application of the BEM approach for a determination of the regional marine geoid model and the mean dynamic topography in the Southwest Pacific Ocean and Tasman Sea
Authors: Tenzer R. , Čunderlík R. , Dayoub N. , Abdalla A. 
Published: December 2011

Application of the BEM approach for a determination of the regional marine geoid model and the mean dynamic topography in the Southwest Pacific Ocean and Tasman SeaWe apply a novel approach for the gravimetric marine geoid modelling which utilise the boundary element method (BEM). The direct BEM formulation for the Laplace equation is applied to obtain a numerical solution to the linearised fixed gravimetric boundary-value problem in points at the Earth's surface. The numerical scheme uses the collocation method with linear basis functions. It involves a discretisation of the Earth's surface which is considered as a fixed boundary. The surface gravity disturbances represent the oblique derivative boundary condition. The BEM approach is applied to determine the marine geoid model over the study area of the Southwest Pacific Ocean and Tasman Sea using DNSC08 marine gravity data. The comparison of the BEM-derived and EGM2008 geoid models reveals that the geoid height differences vary within -25 and 18 cm with the standard deviation of 6 cm. The DNSC08 sea surface topography data and the new marine geoid are then used for modelling of the mean dynamic topography (MDT) over the study area. The local vertical datum (LVD) offsets estimated at 15 tide-gauge stations in New Zealand are finally used for testing the coastal MDT. The average value of differences between the MDT and LVD offsets is 1 cm.
Tandem insults of prenatal ischemia plus postnatal raised intrathoracic pressure in a novel rat model of encephalopathy of prematurity
Authors: Koltz Michael T. , Tosun Cigdem , Kurland David B. , Coksaygan Turhan , Castellani Rudolph J. , Ivanova Svetlana , Gerzanich Volodymyr , Simard J. Marc 
Published: December 2011

Object
Encephalopathy of prematurity (EP) is common in preterm, low birth weight infants who require postnatal mechanical ventilation. The worst types of EP are the hemorrhagic forms, including choroid plexus, germinal matrix, periventricular, and intraventricular hemorrhages. Survivors exhibit life-long cognitive, behavioral, and motor abnormalities. Available preclinical models do not fully recapitulate the salient features of hemorrhagic EP encountered in humans. In this study, the authors evaluated a novel model using rats that featured tandem insults of transient prenatal intrauterine ischemia (IUI) plus transient postnatal raised intrathoracic pressure (RIP).

Methods
Timed-pregnant Wistar rats were anesthetized and underwent laparotomy on embryonic Day 19. Intrauterine ischemia was induced by clamping the uterine and ovarian vasculature for 20 minutes. Natural birth occurred on embryonic Day 22. Six hours after birth, the pups were subjected to an episode of RIP, induced by injecting glycerol (50%, 13 μl/g intraperitoneally). Control groups included naive, sham surgery, and IUI alone. Pathological, histological, and behavioral analyses were performed on pups up to postnatal Day 52.

Results
Compared with controls, pups subjected to IUI+RIP exhibited significant increases in postnatal mortality and hemorrhages in the choroid plexus, germinal matrix, and periventricular tissues as well as intraventricularly. On postnatal Days 35–52, they exhibited significant abnormalities involving complex vestibulomotor function and rapid spatial learning. On postnatal Day 52, the brain and body mass were significantly reduced.

Conclusions
Tandem insults of IUI plus postnatal RIP recapitulate many features of the hemorrhagic forms of EP found in humans, suggesting that these insults in combination may play important roles in pathogenesis.
Analyse morphologique des marques de la météorisation des granités à partir de mégalithes morbihannais. L'exemple de l'alignement de Kerlescan à Carnac
Authors: Sellier Dominique 
Published: December 2011

Granite reliefs offer patterns of micro-erosion, differing from one another by their morphotypes and their répétition. These patterns, in the range of one mètre to one decimetre, are due to selective érosion. They are well- known, but it remains difficult to assess the rate of their progression in the absence of any definite chronological indicator. Megaliths offer one such indicator. Those in Carnac constitute a privileged subject for analysis, owing to their morphological variety. They represent a statistically significant sample, because of their number and in spite of their partial restoration.
This article deals with the preliminary results of a study of the alignment of Kerlescan, according to geomorphological methods, making use of various scales. It aims at bringing informations about the siting of the alignment, about the rate of erosion of the granites in a temperate oceanic environment and about the conditions of the deterioration of the megaliths. This study is based on an inventory of patterns resulting from action of weathering on the standing- stones.
White‐fruited Duchesnea indica (Rosaceae) is impaired in ANS gene expression
Authors: Debes Mario A. , Arias Marta E. , Grellet‐Bournonville Carlos F. , Wulff Arturo F. , Martínez‐Zamora Martín G. , Castagnaro Atilio P. , Díaz‐Ricci Juan C. 
Published: December 2011

• Premise of the study: Duchesnea indica is a wild strawberry‐like species that has red fruits. In a recent survey in the highlands of Tucumán (Argentina), a plant of D. indica with white fruits was discovered. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the white‐fruited character was due to a phenotypic or genotypic change. The stability and heritability of the character and the expression of genes involved in anthocyanins synthesis were studied and compared with red‐fruited genotypes. This study contributes to understanding the molecular basis of some factors involved in fruit pigmentation, a horticulturally and taxonomically important trait.• Methods: Stability and heritability of the white‐fruited character were evaluated in plants obtained by asexual propagation or by sexual crosses between the white‐ and red‐fruited genotypes. Asexual multiplications were carried out by stolon rooting and sexual multiplications by germination of achenes obtained from crosses. The expression level of the genes involved in the synthesis and regulation of the anthocyanins pathway (CHS, F3H, DFR, ANS, and MYB10) were evaluated by RT‐PCR using specific primers.• Key results: Plants with the white‐fruited character always yielded white‐fruited progeny when propagated asexually, whereas in sexually propagated plants fruit color depended on the mother. Red‐fruited mothers yielded red‐fruited progeny, and white‐fruited mothers yielded fruits ranging from dark pink to white. Molecular analysis suggested that the white‐fruited character was due to the low expression of the ANS gene.• Conclusions: Results obtained indicate that the white‐fruited character was stable. Mother progenitors exert a strong influence on the expression of the white‐fruited character. The white‐fruited phenotype is due to the impairment or downregulation of the ANS gene.
Conception et mise en place d’un dispositif hybride pour accompagner les étudiants de première année LLCE dans leur acquisition de l’anglais
Authors: Payre-Ficout Coralie 
Published: December 2011

Cet article rend compte d’une recherche-action entreprise auprès d’étudiants francophones de première année de Langue Littérature Civilisation Étrangère (LLCE) option anglais de l’université de Grenoble. Son objectif est de faire état d’un dispositif de formation hybride visant à pallier les difficultés d’étudiants spécialistes. Ce dispositif, soutenu par les Technologies de l’Information et de la Communication (TIC), a été conçu et expérimenté à la rentrée 2008 afin de lutter contre un fort taux d’échec à la fin de la première année de licence, souvent lié à un niveau en langue insuffisant. La conception de ce dispositif d’accompagnement s’est fortement inspirée des outils utilisés au département LANSAD auprès de spécialistes d’autres disciplines. Mis en place dans un contexte universitaire où les pratiques d’utilisation des TIC étaient souvent réduites au présentiel enrichi par l’usage de supports multimédia, le dispositif proposé apparaît comme un ensemble de pratiques innovantes : positionnement des étudiants, travail à distance en petits groupes tutorés via une plateforme et des ateliers de conversation.
Vous avez le droit de garder le silence : un scénario pédagogique pour faire parler les étudiants de droit
Authors: Chapon Sandrine 
Published: December 2011

Le volume horaire des langues à la Faculté de Droit de Grenoble a diminué de moitié en 5 ans. Il est donc nécessaire d’adapter la pédagogie de projet afin de concilier les besoins des apprenants et la diminution des moyens à leur disposition. Le scénario pédagogique que nous proposons de présenter s’articule autour du légendaire cinquième amendement de la Constitution américaine. Il tente de respecter la démarche actionnelle dans laquelle tous les étudiants peuvent prendre une part active à leur apprentissage dans un contexte peu propice à la production orale. Les phases de production font l’objet d’un travail en autonomie guidée. La tâche finale de prise de parole en continu est rendue possible en utilisant des moyens multimédia : lecteurs MP3 ou téléphones portables des étudiants comme ressources documentaires et moyens d’enregistrement.
FASP juridique télévisuelle : gros plan sur les étudiants en droit et zoom arrière sur une approche pédagogique
Authors: Chapon Sandrine 
Published: December 2011

Cet article présente les résultats d’une enquête de terrain menée auprès de 55 étudiants de la Faculté de droit de Grenoble en 2010. Le point de départ de l’étude est une interrogation sur la valeur ajoutée de l’utilisation des FASP télévisuelles en cours d’anglais juridique si les étudiants regardent déjà ces séries dans la sphère privée. Les résultats de l’enquête montrent que, non seulement la FASP juridique n’est pas très populaire auprès de ce public mais que, de plus, elle est regardée majoritairement en français. Ces deux éléments combinés fournissent des pistes intéressantes d’exploitation pédagogique de ce support.
L’insertion des bas-niveaux de qualification : un problème de GRH ?
Authors: Castra Denis 
Published: December 2011

Depuis 25 ans, la méthode dite d’intervention sur l’offre et la demande (IOD) est centrée sur l’accès direct à l’emploi de droit commun de personnes de bas niveau de qualification. Pour ce numéro spécial, nous avons souhaité rassembler l’essentiel de nos observations empiriques et expérimentales autour d’une question centrale : quels sont les facteurs ou variables qui favorisent l’intégration durable de ces publics ? Les données sont présentées en fonction de trois temps du processus d’insertion : l’accueil des demandeurs, le recrutement et le suivi post-embauche. Elles supportent l’hypothèse générale selon laquelle, au-delà des ressources des individus, ce sont celles du médiateur et la gestion du personnel dans les entreprises qui sont à questionner.
Financial Impact of Health Promotion Programs: A Comprehensive Review of the Literature
Authors: Aldana Steven G. 
Published: December 2011

Purpose. The purpose of this review is to summarize the literature on the ability of health promotion programs to reduce employee-related health care expenditures and absenteeism. Search Process. Using key words in a literature-searching program, a comprehensive search was conducted on the following databases: MEDLINE, Embase, HealthSTAR, SPORTDiscus, PsycINFO, SciSearch, ERIC, and ABI Inform. Study Inclusion and Exclusion Criteria. All data-based studies that appeared in peer reviewed journals in the English language. Theses, dissertations, or presentation abstracts that were not published in peer reviewed journals were excluded. The initial search identified 196 studies, but only 72 met the inclusion criteria and were included in the review. Data Extraction Methods. Summary tables were created that include design classification, subject size, results, and other key information for each study. Data Synthesis. Both the nature of the findings and the overall quality of the literature were evaluated in an attempt to answer two questions: Do individuals or populations with high health risks have worse financial outcomes than individuals or populations with low health risks? Do health promotion programs improve financial outcomes? Major Conclusions. There are good correlational data to suggest that high levels of stress, excessive body weight, and multiple risk factors are associated with increased health care costs and illness-related absenteeism. The associations between seat belt use, cholesterol, diet, hypertension, and alcohol abuse and absenteeism and health care expenditures are either mixed or unknown. Health promotion programs are associated with lower levels of absenteeism and health care costs, and fitness programs are associated with reduced health care costs.
The Stages of Change for Dietary Fat and Fruit and Vegetable Intake of Patients at the Outset of a Cardiac Rehabilitation Program
Authors: Frame C. Jeffrey , Green Claudia G. , Herr David G. , Myers Jane E. , Taylor Martha L. 
Published: December 2011

Purpose. To determine the stages of change for dietary fat and fruit and vegetable intake of cardiac patients entering a rehabilitation program. Design. A cross-sectional study using a convenience sample of newly admitted cardiac rehabilitation patients. Setting. Department of Pulmonary and Cardiac Rehabilitation, Moses H. Cone Memorial Hospital, Greensboro, North Carolina. Subjects. Subjects (n = 226) were predominantly men, Caucasian, married, smokers with 9 to 12 years of education, and with primary diagnoses of coronary artery bypass graft. Measures. Stages of change and food frequency questionnaires were completed by subjects upon admission to cardiac rehabilitation. Results. Subjects in action and maintenance stages for dietary fat reduction comprised 78.7% of the population. Subjects' percentage of energy from fat decreased linearly from the precontemplation stage (38.8%) to the maintenance stage (30.9%). Eighty-one percent of subjects were in precontemplation/contemplation for increasing fruit and vegetable intake. Daily servings of fruits and vegetables ranged from 2.6 for precontemplation to 5.1 for maintenance subjects. Age, body mass index (BMI), education, and family history for coronary disease were unrelated to stage of change for the dependent variables. Conclusions. Patients were in different stages of change for two nutritional behaviors linked to the same disease. Results support the need to assess patients for food behaviors and apply different educational interventions for each food behavior.
Small Cell Carcinoma of the Renal Pelvis and Ureter: Clinicopathologic and Immunohistochemical Features
Authors: Miller Ross J , Holmäng Sten , Johansson Sonny L , Lele Subodh M 
Published: December 2011

Context.—Small cell carcinoma (SCC) of the renal pelvis and/or ureter is very rare, with only case reports published in the literature.
Objective.—To describe the clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical findings in the largest series to date.
Design.—A review of a regional cancer registry identified 10 cases diagnosed as SCC from 930 patients with renal pelvic and/or ureteral cancer from 1971 to 1998. The original slides, demographics, treatment, and clinical outcome were reviewed. Representative sections were immunostained for AE1/AE3, cytokeratin 7, cytokeratin 20, CD56, synaptophysin, chromogranin, and thyroid transcription factor 1.
Results.—Of the 10 cases, 5 were pure SCC, 2 were mixed (SCC and urothelial carcinoma), 2 were reclassified as poorly differentiated squamous carcinoma, and 1 was reclassified as urothelial carcinoma. The patients with SCC had an age range of 50 to 80 years (median, 72 years) with a female to male ratio of 2.5∶1. All patients had non–organ confined disease. Five of 7 patients died of disease; 4 of those 5 had been clinically followed (median survival, 23 months) and 1 was diagnosed at autopsy. The SCC cases revealed positive staining of the SCC component as follows: AE1/AE3 (7 of 7), CD56 (7 of 7), synaptophysin (6 of 7), thyroid transcription factor 1 (5 of 7), chromogranin (4 of 7), and cytokeratin 7 (1 of 7). None were positive for cytokeratin 20 (0 of 7).
Conclusions.—SCC of the renal pelvis/ureter is seen in a predominately female population in Sweden, is clinically aggressive, and has poor survival when presenting at an advanced stage in patients only treated by surgery. An immunostain panel serves as a useful adjunct in classifying these tumors.
Pesticides and Associated Impact on Human Health: A Case of Small Farmers in Southern Sindh, Pakistan
Authors: Sheikh S.A. , Nizamani S.M. , Jamali A.A. , Kumbhar M.I. 
Published: December 2011

The unbridled use of pesticides in agriculture sector poses a serious environmental degradation problem besides, being intimately associated with public and workers health hazard. Although the use of pesticides help to considerably control diseases, hence reduce crop losses and result in better yield of the crops. Pesticides are particularly under use to improve production of crops like corn, vegetables, potatoes and cotton, although their unfavourable effects on environmental quality and human health have frequently been reported and well documented. Pesticides mismanagement starts at the local area but always exhibits local and global impacts with universal dimensions.
The study aimed at determining the extent of pesticide use and farmers’ knowledge of the pesticides and their use on the field. One hundred farmers were interviewed concerning pesticides usage patterns from amongst farmers in vegetable production area in Lower Sindh, Pakistan. Information was obtained through structured Questionnaire coupled with personal interviews. The results revealed that 27 different pesticides were used by farmers and majority of pesticides were insecticides. All pesticides used were registered by Government of Pakistan. Toxicity class of majority pesticides belonged to Class-II, which WHO classifies as moderately hazardous and one highly hazardous pesticide with the class- Ib was also being used. Okra and tomato were more affected by the insect pests. Majority of farmers relied on nicotinoid and organophosphate groups of pesticides. A considerable number of farmers had received education at middle school level only. The source of farmers knowledge of pesticide use was the pesticides dealer who advised them when to spray the crops (s). Half of farmers had no safety protection gears/tools during pesticide application and vegetable harvesting. The survey has shown some overuse, misuse and abuse of pesticides. Farmers were not aware of pesticide hazards and they lacked appropriate knowledge on safe handling and use of pesticides, which can be attributed to inadequate agriculture extension services and state of art trainings to the farmers at their door steps along with lack of education. Since these pesticides were being traditionally used by the farmers in the near by fields and on the same fields with out their deleterious effect knowledge to the farmers, soil and environment combined together as most of the farmers were not educated but also ill equipped about the knowledge of the kind/type of pesticide being used/sprayed what to talk of its chemical nature leading to harmful effects.
Postpartum Ambulatory Blood Pressure Patterns Following New-Onset Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy
Authors: Hauspurg Alisse , Venkatakrishnan Kripa , Collins Latima , Countouris Malamo , Larkin Jacob , Quinn Beth , Kabir Nuzhat , Catov Janet , Lemon Lara , Simhan Hyagriv 
Published: June 2024

ImportanceAfter a hypertensive disorder of pregnancy, hypertension can worsen in the postpartum period following hospital discharge. Risk factors for ongoing hypertension and associated outcomes have not been well characterized.ObjectiveTo identify risk factors and characterize outcomes for individuals with ongoing hypertension and severe hypertension following hospital discharge post partum through a hospital system’s remote blood pressure (BP) management program.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis cohort study involved a population-based sample of individuals with a new-onset hypertensive disorder of pregnancy (preeclampsia or gestational hypertension) and no prepregnancy hypertension who delivered between September 2019 and June 2021. Participants were enrolled in a remote BP monitoring and management program at a postpartum unit at a referral hospital. Data analysis was performed from August 2021 to January 2023.ExposureInpatient postpartum BP categories.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe primary outcomes were readmission and emergency department visits within the first 6 weeks post partum. Logistic regression was used to model adjusted odds ratios (aORs) and 95% CIs.ResultsOf 2705 individuals in the cohort (mean [SD] age, 29.8 [5.7] years), 2214 (81.8%) had persistent hypertension post partum after hospital discharge, 382 (14.1%) developed severe hypertension after discharge, and 610 (22.6%) had antihypertensive medication initiated after discharge. Individuals with severe hypertension had increased odds of postpartum emergency department visits (aOR, 1.85; 95% CI, 1.17-2.92) and hospital readmissions (aOR, 6.75; 95% CI, 3.43-13.29) compared with individuals with BP normalization. When inpatient postpartum BP categories were compared with outpatient home BP trajectories to inform optimal thresholds for inpatient antihypertensive medication initiation, there was significant overlap between postdischarge BP trajectories among those with inpatient systolic BP greater than or equal to 140 to 149 mm Hg and/or diastolic BP greater than or equal to 90 to 99 mm Hg and those with systolic BP greater than or equal to 150 mm Hg and/or diastolic BP greater than or equal to 100 mm Hg.Conclusions and RelevanceThis cohort study found that more than 80% of individuals with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy had ongoing hypertension after hospital discharge, with approximately 14% developing severe hypertension. These data support the critical role of remote BP monitoring programs and highlight the need for improved tools for risk stratification and consideration of liberalization of thresholds for medication initiation post partum.