bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Ki67/BCL2 index based on immunohistochemistry is highly prognostic in ER‐positive breast cancer
Authors: Ali H Raza , Dawson Sarah‐Jane , Blows Fiona M , Provenzano Elena , Leung Samuel , Nielsen Torsten , Pharoah Paul D , Caldas Carlos 
Published: July 2011

AbstractThere is an urgent need to improve prognostic classifiers in breast cancer. Ki67 and B‐cell lymphoma 2 protein (BCL2) are established prognostic markers which have traditionally been assessed separately, in a dichotomous manner. This study was conducted to test the hypothesis that combinatorial assessment of these markers would provide superior prognostic information and improve their clinical utility. Tissue microarrays were used to assess the expression of Ki67 and BCL2 in 2749 cases of invasive breast cancer. We devised a Ki67/BCL2 index representing the relative expression of each protein and assessed its association with breast cancer‐specific survival (BCSS) using a Cox proportional‐hazards model. Based on our findings, an independent cohort of 3992 cases was used to validate the prognostic significance of the Ki67/BCL2 index. All survival analyses were conducted on complete data as well as data where missing values were resolved using multiple imputation. This study complied with reporting recommendations for tumour marker prognostic studies (REMARK) criteria. The Ki67/BCL2 index showed a significant association with BCSS at 10 years in estrogen receptor (ER)‐positive disease. In multivariate analysis, adjusting for major clinical and molecular markers, the Ki67/BCL2 index retained prognostic significance, robustly classifying cases into three risk groups [intermediate‐ versus low‐risk hazard ratio (HR), 1.5; 95% confidence interval (95% CI), 1.0–2.0; p = 0.031; high‐ versus low‐risk HR, 2.6; 95% CI, 1.3–5.0; p = 0.005]. This finding was validated in an independent cohort of 3992 tumours containing 2761 ER‐positive tumours (intermediate‐ versus low‐risk HR, 1.7; 95% CI, 1.3–2.1; p < 0.001; high‐ versus low‐risk HR, 2.0; 95% CI, 1.4–2.9; p < 0.001). Ki67 and BCL2 can be effectively combined to produce an index which is an independent predictor of BCSS in ER‐positive breast cancer, enhancing their potential prognostic utility. Copyright © 2011 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Treatment of children with poor risk solid tumors by further escalation of the VETOPEC regimen including very high‐dose cyclophosphamide and peripheral stem cell support: An Australian and New Zealand children's hematology and oncology group study
Authors: McCowage Geoffrey B. , Mrongovius Robert , Alvaro Frank , Cohn Richard J. , Ziegler David S. , Oswald Cecilia , White Les ,   for the Australian and New Zealand Children's Haematology and Oncology Group (ANZCHOG)
Published: July 2011

AbstractBackgroundChildren with solid tumors deemed to be poor risk at diagnosis and those who fail to respond or recur after chemotherapy have adverse outcomes. We sought to increase the dosage of cyclophosphamide (CPA) in the VETOPEC regimen (vincristine, etoposide, and CPA) with a view to improving the response rate and survival.ProcedurePatients underwent peripheral blood stem cell (PBSC) harvest after standard dose VETOPEC (CPA 40 mg/kg/day for 3 days) followed by filgrastim. Those with sufficient PBSC received up to four intensive cycles (ICs) of VETOPEC with CPA dosages of 60–90 mg/kg/day for 3 days (escalated by 5 mg/kg/day in cohorts of at least five patients) followed by PBSC and filgrastim.ResultsOf the 59 enrolled patients, 58 were treated with mobilization chemotherapy and 57 proceeded to PBSC harvest. From 1 to 4 VETOPEC ICs were administered to 51 patients. The maximum tolerated dosage of CPA was not reached. The best response rate during the ICs for patients with recurrent or refractory/progressive disease was 67%; overall survival was 28% at 5 years and 25% at 10 years. The response rate for patients with newly diagnosed high‐risk tumors was 89%.ConclusionsThe VETOPEC regimen with CPA dosages up to 90 mg/kg/day for 3 days followed by PBSC and filgrastim can be given in a timely manner with manageable toxicity. Outcomes were not improved when compared to prior VETOPEC studies. VETOPEC produces high response rates and warrants further evaluation in appropriate patients with newly diagnosed high‐risk solid tumors. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2011; 57: 958–964. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Soft tissue sarcoma across the age spectrum: A population‐based study from the surveillance epidemiology and end results database
Authors: Ferrari Andrea , Sultan Iyad , Huang Tseng Tien , Rodriguez‐Galindo Carlos , Shehadeh Ahmad , Meazza Cristina , Ness Kirsten K. , Casanova Michela , Spunt Sheri L. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractBackgroundSoft tissue sarcomas (STS) are a heterogeneous group of mesenchymal malignancies that occur throughout the lifespan. The impact of age on disease features and outcome is unclear.MethodsWe analyzed the clinical features and outcome of all STS cases registered between 1973 and 2006 in the SEER database.ResultsThere were 48,012 cases that met the selection criteria. Individuals less than 20 years of age represented 5.6%, with rhabdomyosarcoma being the most common subtype. In adults, the most common types were Kaposi sarcoma, fibrohistiocytic tumors, and leiomyosarcoma. Rhabdomyosarcoma was the only entity with a median age <20 years. Male predominance (male/female of 1.5:1) was noticed for almost all types of STS, except for alveolar soft part sarcoma and leiomyosarcoma. Tumor stage was similar across different age groups. Younger patients (<50 years) had significantly better survival than older patients (88.8 ± 0.2% vs. 40 ± 0.3%, P < 0.001), but for most histologies the survival decline with advancing age was gradual and did not occur abruptly at the onset of adulthood. The decline in survival with advancing age was particularly significant for rhabdomyosarcoma.ConclusionWith few exceptions, the clinical features of STS are similar in children and adults. However, individuals over 50 years of age have an inferior survival. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2011; 57: 943–949. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Comparisons of outcomes after cordocentesis at mid‐pregnancy between singleton and twin pregnancies
Authors: Srisupundit Kasemsri , Wanapirak Chanane , Piyamongkol Wirawit , Sirichotiyakul Supatra , Tongsong Theera 
Published: July 2011

AbstractObjectiveTo compare the outcomes after mid‐pregnancy cordocentesis between singleton and twin pregnancies.MethodsWe compared immediate complications and pregnancy outcomes between a cohort of twin pregnancies undergoing mid‐pregnancy diagnostic cordocentesis between the years 1989 and 2010, and a control group of singleton pregnancies matched based on maternal age and years of the procedure with a ratio of 1:3.ResultsAmong 6147 pregnancies undergoing cordocentesis during the study period, 122 twin fetuses met the study criteria and were matched with 336 singleton controls. Success rate of sampling was slightly higher in singleton than in twin gestations (98.8% vs 97.3%), and time required for the procedure was significantly longer in the twin group (8.1 vs 6.3 min, p = 0.02). Immediate complications, such as fetal bradycardia and transient bleeding from the puncture site, were significantly higher in twins (13% vs 6.0%, p = 0.001; and 34.8% vs 26.1%, p = 0.03, respectively). However, fetal loss rate within 2 weeks of cordocentesis was not different (1.4% and 1.1%, p = 0.42).ConclusionImmediate complications following cordocentesis are significantly higher in twin pregnancies, but fetal loss rate within 2 weeks of the procedure is comparable. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Improving the predictions of injection molding simulation software
Authors: Vietri U. , Sorrentino A. , Speranza V. , Pantani R. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractInjection molding is one of the most widespread processes for plastic manufacturing. Software packages are often used in several steps of the production cycle, from mold design to the determination of processing conditions. In this work a method is reported to improve the predictions of the description of pressure profiles made by injection molding simulation software. The method is applied to two polymeric materials (a PolyStyrene and a PolyCarbonate) injection molded into line‐gated rectangular cavities adopting different molding conditions and cavity thickness. The method, that is independent of the software adopted, in this article is illustrated adopting the commercial code Moldflow®. It is shown that the predictions of the description of pressure curves inside the cavity can be significantly improved by introducing the effect of pressure on viscosity and the effect of cavity deformation during molding. The former effect is taken into account by finding an appropriate value for the parameter which takes into account the effect of pressure in the equation which describes material rheology. The latter effect can be introduced by defining and implementing an apparent material compressibility. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 2011. © 2011 Society of Plastics Engineers
Formation and properties of polyester/copolyester conjugate fibers prepared by ultra‐high‐speed melt spinning technique
Authors: Ho Yo‐Seung , Kim Hak‐Yong , Jin Fan‐Long , Park Soo‐Jin 
Published: July 2011

AbstractIn this study, three types of conjugate fibers, sea‐islands type, orange split type, and side by side type, were prepared by using an on‐line steaming process through a high‐speed spinning technique in order to improve the processibility, efficiency, and properties of the fibers. It was found that the weight reduction ratios of orange split and sea‐island polyester/copolyester fibers were higher than that of polyester fibers. The SEM results indicate that the split time was shortened by using the ultra‐high‐speed melt spinning process. The nozzle‐draft increased and elongation decreased for side by side conjugate fibers after the spin speed was increased. The elasticity and crimp ratio of side by side conjugate fibers were significantly affected by the drawing temperature. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 2012. © 2011 Society of Plastics Engineers
Temperature dependence of oxygen diffusion into polymer/carbon nanotube composite films
Authors: Yargı Önder , Ugur Şaziye , Pekcan Önder 
Published: July 2011

AbstractThis study examines the transport properties of polystyrene (PS)/multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWNT) composite films taking into consideration both MWNT composition and temperature, via fluorescence technique. Three different (3, 15, and 40 wt%) MWNT content films were prepared from PS/MWNT mixtures by annealing them at 170°C, above the glass transition temperature of PS for 10 min. The diffusivity of the PS/MWNT composite was determined by performing oxygen (O2) diffusion measurements within a temperature range of 24 to 70°C for each film and pyrene (P) was used as the fluorescent probe. The diffusion coefficients (D) of oxygen were determined by the fluorescence quenching method assuming Fickian transport. Results indicated that D values are strongly dependent on both temperature and the MWNT content in the film and it was also observed that D coefficients obey Arrhenius behavior, from which diffusion energies were produced and increased along with increases of MWNT content. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 2012. © 2011 Society of Plastics Engineers
Tracer‐compatibilizer: Synthesis and applications in polymer blending processes
Authors: Zhang Cai‐Liang , Feng Lian‐Fang , Gu Xue‐Ping , Hoppe Sandrine , Hu Guo‐Hua 
Published: July 2011

AbstractThis article reports on a route to synthesizing fluorescent labeled graft copolymers, on the one hand; and on a concept of tracer‐compatibilizer for facile build‐up of emulsification curves of polymer blends, on the other hand. For these purposes, blends composed of polystyrene (PS) and polyamide 6 (PA6) are chosen. The synthesis of the corresponding tracer‐compatibilizer consists of three steps: (1) copolymerization of styrene with 3‐isopropenyl‐α,α'‐dimethybenzyl isocyanate (TMI); (2) conversion of a fraction of the isocyanate moieties of the resulting copolymer into anthracene ones upon reacting with 9‐(methylamino‐methyl)anthracene (MAMA); and (3) polymerization of ε‐caprolactam (CL) from the remaining isocyanate moieties. The resulting fluorescent labeled graft copolymer, denoted as PS‐g‐PA6‐Ant, is used to build up emulsification curves of PS/PA6 blends in a twin screw extruder (TSE), showing great usefulness of the concept of tracer‐compatibilizer. POLYM. ENG. SCI. 2012. © 2011 Society of Plastics Engineers
Test–retest reliability of the parent behavior importance questionnaire‐revised and the parent behavior frequency questionnaire‐revised
Authors: Mowder Barbara A. , Shamah Renee 
Published: July 2011

AbstractThis study evaluated the test–retest reliability of two parenting measures: the Parent Behavior Importance Questionnaire‐Revised (PBIQ‐R) and Parent Behavior Frequency Questionnaire‐Revised (PBFQ‐R). These self‐report parenting behavior assessment measures may be utilized as pre‐ and post‐parent education program measures, with parents as well as nonparent respondents. The questionnaires are based on the parent development theory, with the parenting behaviors corresponding to theory and current parenting literature. Thus, respondents' relative weighting of importance (PBIQ‐R) or frequency (PBFQ‐R) of positive, supportive parenting as well as negative behaviors may be determined through questionnaire responses. Test–retest reliability estimates suggest psychometric strength. Results are discussed relative to parenting theory and research, as well as school psychology policy and practice. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Family relationships and perfectionism in middle‐school students
Authors: DiPrima Amy J. , Ashby Jeffrey S. , Gnilka Philip B. , Noble Christina L. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractSeveral authors have suggested that perfectionism develops in the context of a person's family of origin. However, there are few empirical studies that address the relationship between family variables and perfectionism. This study examined the relationship between family variables and multidimensional perfectionism among a sample of 253 middle‐school students. The results indicated that adaptive perfectionism was correlated with numerous positive family variables, and adaptive perfectionists tended to have more balanced, cohesive, adaptable families, with a greater perception of parental nurturance than either maladaptive perfectionists or nonperfectionists. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Spacer‐length‐dependent association in polymers with multiple‐hydrogen‐bonded end groups
Authors: De Greef Tom F. A. , Kade Matthew J. , Feldman Kathleen E. , Kramer Edward J. , Hawker Craig J. , Meijer E.W. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractHerein, we investigate the influence of spacer length on the homoassociation and heteroassociation of end‐functionalized hydrogen‐bonding polymers based on poly(n‐butyl acrylate). Two monofunctional ureido‐pyrimidinone (UPy) end‐functionalized polymers were prepared by atom transfer radical polymerization using self‐complementary UPy‐functional initiators that differ in the spacer length between the multiple‐hydrogen‐bonding group and the chain initiation site. The self‐complementary binding strength (Kdim) of these end‐functionalized polymers was shown to depend critically on the spacer length as evident from 1H NMR and diffusion‐ordered spectroscopy. In addition, the heteroassociation strength of the end‐functionalized UPy polymers with end‐functionalized polymers containing the complementary 2,7‐diamido‐1,8‐naphthyridine (NaPy) hydrogen‐bond motif is also affected when the aliphatic spacer length is too short. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem, 2011
Blind, one‐eyed, or eagle‐eyed? pKa calculations during blind predictions with staphylococcal nuclease
Authors: Czodrowski Paul 
Published: July 2011

AbstractIn the current contribution, the performance of Poisson–Boltzmann‐based pKa calculations of SNase mutants as part of a blind prediction exercise facilitated by the pKa cooperative (“pKa_coop”) is described. A one parameter setting (“quick&dirty” approach) is used to provide an industry perspective where strong time constraints are frequently encountered. On the one hand, results are analyzed in terms of root mean square deviation performance. Furthermore, the pKa calculations are assessed for their ability to properly assign protonation state. For this purpose, a new measure called BIPS (binary protonation state at physiological pH) is introduced. Significant differences were found with both comparison measures based on the class of residues examined. In addition, the performance of PROPKA3 as well as the NULL model is examined on the same data set. Finally, pKa calculations on SNase mutants with available structural information have been performed and provide support for our calculation methods. The performance on this subset is better than on the pKa cooperative mutation data. In the pKa_coop data, no structural information on the generated mutants is available. This suggests the occurrence of a substantial structural rearrangement on the insertion of additional charged groups into SNase, which leads to improved prediction quality. Proteins 2011;. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Preface: Phys. Status Solidi C 7–8/2011
Authors: Wetzel Christian , Khan Asif 
Published: July 2011

AbstractThis volume comprises the Proceedings of the International Workshop on Nitride Semiconductors (IWN2010). All published articles have undergone an off‐site peer reviewing process according to the standards of the journal and have been formally accepted.IWN2010 was held at the Marriott Tampa Waterside Hotel & Marina in Tampa, Florida, USA, September 19–24, 2010.This biennial workshop was the sixth following those in Nagoya, Aachen, Pittsburgh, Kyoto and Montreux and will be followed by IWN2012 in Sapporo, Japan.The workshop received some 700 abstracts, had 385 talks, 240 posters and attracted 800 attendees (North America 330, Asia 260, Europe 210) on the topics of Optical and Electronic Properties, Processing and Fabrication, Defect Characterization and Engineering, Structural Analysis, Theory and Simulation, Nanostructures, Light Emitting Devices, Electron Transport Devices, and New Materials and New Device Concepts.Topics of the Rump Session were Group‐III‐Nitrides on silicon; Group‐III‐Nitride challenges for RF electronics; Ideal Group‐III‐Nitride substrate technology; LED roadmap for the internal quantum efficiency; and Group‐III‐Nitride nanowires.Troy, NY, April 2011
A weighted prediction‐based selection criterion for response surface designs
Authors: Emmett M. , Goos P. , Stillman E. C. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractThe goal of response surface designs is typically to make precise predictions. A commonly used prediction‐based design selection criterion isitV‐optimality, which seeks designs that minimize the average prediction variance over the entire experimental region. We propose an alternative criterion, which seeks designs that yield small prediction variances particularly in those parts of the experimental region where a response is expected to be interesting, important, or desirable. The new criterion is a weightedV‐optimality criterion, which attaches higher weights to areas with such interesting outcomes. The weights in the new criterion are derived from a logistic regression model. We illustrate the value of the new criterion using an example from the automotive industry. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Epigenetic consequences of foreign DNA insertions: de novo methylation and global alterations of methylation patterns in recipient genomes
Authors: Doerfler Walter 
Published: July 2011

SUMMARYThe insertion of foreign DNA into mammalian or plant genomes is a frequent event in biology. My laboratory has pursued a long‐standing interest in the structure of integrated adenovirus genomes and in the mechanism of foreign DNA insertions in mammalian cells. The long‐term consequences of the integration of alien DNA are only partly known, and even less well understood are the mechanisms that bring them about. Evidence from viral systems has contributed to the realization that foreign DNA insertions entail a complex of sequelae that have also become apparent in non‐viral systems: (i) The de novo methylation of integrated foreign DNA sequences has frequently been observed. (ii) Alterations of DNA methylation patterns in the recipient genome at and remote from the site of foreign DNA insertion have been demonstrated but it remains to be investigated how generally this phenomenon occurs. Many viral genomes find and have found entry into the genomes of present‐day organisms. A major portion of mammalian genomes represents incomplete retroviral genomes that frequently have become permanently silenced by DNA methylation. It is still unknown how and to what extent the insertion of retroviral or retrotransposon sequences into established genomes has altered and shaped the methylation and transcription profiles of present day genomes. An additional reason for concern about the effects of foreign DNA integration is the fact that in all fields of molecular biology and medicine, the generation of transgenic or transgenomic cells and organisms has become a ubiquitously applied experimental technique. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Designing linear distributed algorithms with memory for fast convergence
Authors: Roy Sandip , Wan Yan , Saberi Ali , Xue Mengran 
Published: July 2011

SUMMARYMotivated by both distributed computation and decentralized control applications, we studied the distributed linear iterative algorithms with memory. Specifically, we showed that the system of linear equations Gx  = b can be solved through a distributed linear iteration for arbitrary invertible G using only a single memory element at each processor. Further, we demonstrated that the memoried distributed algorithm can be designed to achieve much faster convergence than a memoryless distributed algorithm. Two small simulation examples were included to illustrate the results. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Spin–orbit coupling and intersystem crossing in molecules
Authors: Marian Christel M. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractMany light‐induced molecular processes involve a change in spin state and are formally forbidden in non‐relativistic quantum theory. To make them happen, spin–orbit coupling (SOC) has to be invoked. Intersystem crossing (ISC), the nonradiative transition between two electronic states of different multiplicity, plays a key role in photochemistry and photophysics with a broad range of applications including molecular photonics, biological photosensors, photodynamic therapy, and materials science. Quantum chemistry has become a valuable tool for gaining detailed insight into the mechanisms of ISC. After a short introduction highlighting the importance of ISC and a brief description of the relativistic origins of SOC, this article focusses on approximate SOC operators for practical use in molecular applications and reviews state‐of‐the‐art theoretical methods for evaluating ISC rates. Finally, a few sample applications are discussed that underline the necessity of studying the mechanisms of ISC processes beyond qualitative rules such as the El‐Sayed rules and the energy gap law. © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.This article is categorized under:

Structure and Mechanism > Molecular Structures