bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A miniature patient‐mount navigation system for assisting needle placement in CT‐guided intervention
Authors: Lin Mu‐Lien , Yang Been‐Der , Wang Yao‐Hung , Yang Chi‐Lin , Wang Jaw‐Lin 
Published: August 2011

AbstractBackgroundCT‐guided intervention is routinely performed in an iterative fashion that often leads to lengthy operation and high X‐ray exposure to patients. To streamline the workflow, we develop a patient‐mount navigation system for assisting needle placement in CT‐guided interventions.MethodsThe system comprises three components, a miniature patient‐mount tracking unit, an auto‐registered reference‐frame unit and an intuitive image‐processing unit. The system is operated like a virtual biplane fluoroscopy with augmented CT reconstructed images to streamline the conventional CT‐guided intervention workflow. Surgery efficiency and safety can be increased, while radiation for patients and surgeons can be reduced. Two preclinical validations were conducted to evaluate the technical applicability and accuracy of the system.ResultsThe results of the rigid physical phantom test showed a machine position error of 1.6 mm and a tilting error of 1.5°. The results of the deformable porcine phantom test showed the operation position error to be 3.6 mm and tilting error to be 2.9°.ConclusionsWe concluded that the accuracy of our system is within the comparable range of the existing navigation systems. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The render button: How a high‐end graphics company developed a personal graphics product
Authors: Pittman Jon H. 
Published: August 2011

AbstractThe Personal Visualizer™ was developed to enable a casual user to create high‐quality rendered images. Providing sophisticated rendering techniques to casual users forced us to confront a number of issues and to undergo a shift in values. These issues are outlined, and the ways we dealt with them are discussed. Things we would do differently as a result of our development experiences are also discussed.
Multidimensional illumination functions for visualization of complex 3D environments
Authors: Mudur S. P. , Pattanaik S. N. 
Published: August 2011

AbstractThis paper presents a new view‐independent, energy equilibrium method for determining the light distributed in a complex 3D environment consisting of surfaces with general reflectance properties. The method does not depend on discretization of directions or discretization of surfaces to differential elements. Hence, it is a significant improvement over the earlier complete view‐independent method which is computationally intractable for complex environments or the hybrid methods which include an extended view‐dependent ray tracing second pass. The new method is based on an efficient data structure of order O(N2) called the spherical cover. The spherical cover elegantly captures the complex multidimensional directional nature of light distributed over surfaces. Subdivision techniques based on range estimation of various parameters using interval‐arithmetic‐like methods are next described for efficiently computing the spherical cover for a given 3D environment. Using the spherical cover, light is progressively propagated through the environment until energy equilibrium is reached. Complexity analysis of the propagation step is carried out to show that the method is computationally tractable. The paper also includes a comprehensive review of earlier rendering techniques viewed from the point of view of capturing the multidimensional nature of light distribution over surfaces.
An annotated bibliography of scientific visualization. Part 1
Authors: Nielson Gregory M. , Voegele Keith 
Published: August 2011

AbstractThis bibliography evolved as a network using the papers in the volume Visualization of Scientific Computing edited by Gregory M. Nielson and Bruce Shriver and published by IEEE Computer Society Press, 1990 as the root nodes. From there, the supplied reference lists were recursively traversed until a closure resulted either from the common links or from the effective grounding by the highly technical literature of application specializations.As usual, the standard disclaimers apply; so, for example, this collection is hopefully complete (in the sense that subsets of papers form research vectors that span the space of scientific visualization), but obviously not exhaustively comprehensive. Some of the entries are of a general survey nature, whereas others are quite specific and technical. Pivotal and often quoted works comprise the bulk of the material, but works of historical and developmental significance are also included especially where they point to researchers, research centres and journals where important work has been, and is being, performed and recorded. The annotations accompanying the references tend to be impressionistic and apologies to the authors are hereby noted for those instances where omissions, misunderstandings and whimsy have resulted in misinterpretations.
Digestive plasticity as a response to woodland fragmentation in roe deer
Authors: Serrano Ferron Emmanuel , Verheyden Hélène , Hummel Jürgen , Cargnelutti Bruno , Lourtet Bruno , Merlet Joel , González‐Candela Mónica , Angibault Jean Marc , Hewison Aidan Jonathan Mark , Clauss Marcus 
Published: August 2011

AbstractDigestive plasticity, which refers to changes in digestive features due to changes in both internal and external environmental conditions, is a crucial factor for understanding the ability of species to cope with environmental changes. In Europe, agricultural intensification and the loss of forests have been major challenges for original forest dwellers, however some species, such as the European roe deer (Capreolus capreolus), have been able to successfully colonize these new habitats. In this work, we investigated the adaptation of some digestive features of roe deer to the agricultural landscapes. We assessed whether changes in local landscape structure influenced the mass of both reticulorumen (RR) and distal fermentation chamber (DFC) of 47 juvenile and adult roe deer inhabiting an agro‐ecosystem in southwest France. Woodland cover had a clear effect on diet quality (estimated by the rate of gas production of digestive contents) and DFC weight of animals. In fact, deer from the most forested landscapes showed heavier DFCs and fed on poorer quality diet (lower gas production) than their counterparts from the most open landscapes. RR mass was less influenced by the landscape openness, being the age of animals the main factor for understanding the variations of this digestive feature in our study area. We can conclude that colonizing agricultural landscapes increases the access to highly energetic and digestive resources.
Distribution patterns of oil and gas accumulations in West Siberia
Authors: Brekhuntsov A.M. , Monastyrev B.V. , Nesterov I.I. 
Published: August 2011

Abstract
The current geological and geophysical exploration maturity and the structure of resource base have been presented for the West Siberian Basin. The patterns of oil and gas content distribution, both in areal extent and vertical, have been considered throughout the entire cover and its constituent oil-gas plays. Structural constructions for four major stratigraphic levels have been analyzed: the bottom of the Mesozoic–Cenozoic cover, the Jurassic and Lower Aptian top, and the bottom of Turonian deposits. The distribution patterns of oil and gas accumulations in each oil-gas play are controlled by a specific combination of parameters such as the distribution of reservoirs and seals, the presence of oil-and-gas source rocks, the level of organic matter maturity, facies and tectonic conditions, thermobaric and hydrogeochemical subsoil environments, etc.
The tectonic framework and hydrocarbon prospectivity of the western Yenisei–Khatanga regional trough
Authors: Kontorovich V.A. 
Published: August 2011

Abstract
The western part of the Yenisei–Khatanga trough is one of the least explored regions, which are thought to possess an excellent hydrocarbon resource potential. This region is geographically located in the southern part of the Taimyr Peninsula, within the Krasnoyarsk Territory.
Utilizing regional seismic data, structure and thickness maps for seismic sequences allowed the reconstruction of the structural framework and tectonic evolution of the region. The study reveals a number of tectonic processes in the region that took place in the Paleozoic, Mesozoic, and Cenozoic and establishes the main evolutionary stages of a series of large structures of different ranks.
The study also provides some insights into the structural features and depositional environments of Paleozoic, Triassic–Jurassic, Neocomian, Aptian–Albian–Cenomanian, and Turonian–Cenozoic sedimentary sequences. Based on the relationship between tectonic activity and hydrocarbon generation, the conclusion was made about a high hydrocarbon resource potential of the Neocomian clinoform sequence in the Yenisei–Khatanga regional trough.
Petrology, sedimentology, geochemistry, and absolute age of Triassic volcanosedimentary rocks from the southwest of the West Siberian geosyneclise (Kurgan Region)
Authors: Saraev S.V. , Baturina T.P. , Travin A.V. 
Published: August 2011

Abstract
In this study we report new Ar-Ar ages for basalt (261.0 ± 15, 249.4 ± 3.0, 247.0 ± 3.1 Ma) and rhyolite (246.9 ± 2.6 Ma) samples collected from the Triassic volcanosedimentary sequence, which is one of the remarkably complete and structurally complex sections in the southwest of the West Siberian geosyneclise (WSG) (East Kurganskaya-42 (EK-42) and East Kurganskaya-43 (EK-43) wells), largely comprising basalts and conformable layers of rhyolites, acid tuffs, limestones, and silty mudstones. It was shown that basalts, which constitute most of the section, are geochemically similar to medium-K tholeiitic and calc-alkaline basalts in the southern extension of the Koltogory–Urengoi rift (Nikol’skaya-1 well). Rhyodacites and rhyolites from the section of interest belong to the potassic to potassic-sodic series of normal alkalinity. The trace element compositions of the rhyolites and host basalts suggest fractionation from primary magmas during formation of felsic rocks. No low-K sheet-flow basalts have been encountered in the sections penetrated by the three wells (EK-42, EK-43, and Nikol’skaya-1), as opposed to sections in the northern part of the Koltogory–Urengoi rift (TSD-6 well) and the Siberian flood basalt province.
Despite their small thickness, the sedimentary units provide evidence for different depositional settings during the evolution of a volcanosedimentary basin. Similar to the Koltogory–Urengoi rift, deposition of the Presnogor’kovsk graben fill indicates intermittent marine conditions with accumulation of hyaloclastites, and fine, calcareous, silt- and clay-rich carbonaceous oozes associated with a background sedimentation, which contain abundant marine fauna, pyrite and rare distal turbidites with glauconites. The geochemical features of these sedimentary rocks were largely defined by a bimodal syndepositional volcanism. During the Early Triassic, a system of rifts and grabens that was developed within the continental plateau over much of the WSG allowed the intermittent ingress of sea-water from the north (in present coordinates) far southwards and southwestwards up to the latitude of Omsk and Kurgan. As a result of extensive erosion of the continental plateau, the packages of low-K sheet-flow basalts were removed from the upper part of the sections of deep wells, which became dominated by the eroded roots of the West Siberian traps (subalkaline and alkaline rift basalts).
Petroleum systems of the Timan–Pechora sedimentary basin (including the offshore Pechora Sea)
Authors: Prischepa O.M. , Bazhenova T.K. , Bogatskii V.I. 
Published: August 2011

Abstract
The sedimentary cover of the Timan–Pechora petroleum basin records several phases of tectonic activity in the area: rifting and incipient ocean opening; a passive margin setting with intracontinental rifts and aulacogen, an intrashelf depression and inversion swells; collisional orogeny with the development of a foredeep; vertical isostatic movements associated with the development of a late syneclise and renewed orogenic movements. The deposition of source and reservoir facies occurred during the divergent phases of the tectogenesis (Ordovician–Tournaisain). The formations that accumulated during a convergent tectonic regime (Visean–Triassic) comprise mostly reservoir rocks. Because of thermal maturity of organic matter, the sedimentary rocks in the area span the broad range of oil and gas generation zones. The identified hydrocarbon kitchen areas were developed in different geodynamic settings: in the east of a passive margin, within rift-related troughs, and in the Ural foredeep. The first two were more liquids-prone fairways, with predominant oil and condensate generation, whereas the latter was largely a gas- and gas-condensate-generative source. The change of structural settings, the extension of oil and gas kitchens, variation of the regional dip, and recurrent faulting caused both the formation of new play fairways and the destruction of existing ones. The new oil-prone fairways that formed synchronously with the onset of intense oil generation might have later evolved into oil- and gas-prone fairways or even oil-, gas-, condensate-prone fairways at the expense of the gas component of petroleum systems, which is thought to increase as a source rock generating mostly oil became capable of generating oil, gas, and condensate. In addition, tectonically active zones may provide the most favorable conditions for the formation of gas and gas-condensate accumulations due to a decrease in formation pressure and expulsion of a free gas phase or due to its updip migration from great depths. Analysis of hydrocarbon generation and accumulation conditions provided insights into the evolution of a petroleum system of each play and transformation of a sedimentary basin into a petroleum basin. The study revealed the areal distribution patterns for oil and gas plays. The long-lived oil-prone plays are confined to a series of paleouplifts within the Izhma–Pechora and Khoreiver tectonically stable blocks. Oil-, gas-, and condensate-prone plays are associated with a tectonically active setting (Pechora–Kolva aulacogen and Timan block), whereas mostly gas- and condensate-prone plays are found within the Ural foredeep.
Effect of vitamins C and E supplementation onHelicobacter pylorieradication: a meta-analysis
Authors: Li Guogang , Li Lan , Yu Chaohui , Chen Li 
Published: August 2011

Vitamins C and E can act as potent antioxidants to reduce the damage caused by reactive oxygen species in gastric mucosa. Whether vitamin supplements forHelicobacter pylorieradication regimen could improve the rate of eradication remains uncertain. Therefore, we performed a meta-analysis to evaluate the efficacy of vitamins C and E supplementation for the eradication ofH. pylori. Searches were conducted in the databases PubMed, EMBASE and Cochrane Library. Randomised controlled trials (RCT) that fulfilled the inclusion criteria and addressed the clinical questions of this analysis were further assessed. Of the six RCT included, five had a low methodological quality. Of the six RCT, three compared the efficacy of the eradication regimenv.eradication regimen plus vitamins C and E. The result of the meta-analysis showed a non-significant difference in the eradication rate ofH. pyloribetween the two groups (risk ratio (RR) 0·93,P = 0·76). Another three RCT compared the eradication regimenv.eradication regimen plus vitamin C only, and there too there was no significant difference in the eradication rate (RR 0·83,P = 0·32). In conclusion, vitamins C and/or E supplements to theH. pylorieradication regimen could not improve the eradication rate. However, currently available data do not draw a definitive conclusion about the effectiveness of antioxidant vitamins onH. pylorieradication, owing to the small sample size and low-to-moderate methodological quality.
Schistosoma haematobium infections in preschool children from two rural communities in Ijebu East, south-western Nigeria
Authors: Ekpo U.F. , Alabi O.M. , Oluwole A.S. , Sam-Wobo S.O. 
Published: August 2011

AbstractThere is an urgent need for information on schistosomiasis in preschool children, who are often excluded in mass treatment programmes. The prevalence and intensity of Schistosoma haematobium infection were determined in preschool children aged ≤ 6 years in two rural communities in Ijebu East, south-western Nigeria. Two urine samples each were collected from 83 preschool children from the two communities, tested for microhaematuria using reagent strips and then processed and examined with a microscope for S. haematobium eggs. Focus group discussions on perceptions of the disease and water contact practices were held in the communities with their guardians, caregivers and preschool children, using an interview guide. The prevalence of S. haematobium in the two communities was 14 (16.9%), with no significant differences (P = 0.661) in infection rate between boys (18.4%) and girls (14.7%). Both prevalence and intensity of infection did not increase significantly with age in both Korede and Obada community. However, there were significant differences in prevalence of infection between the two communities (P = 0.035). There was no association (P = 0.750) between intensity in boys (0.176 eggs/10 ml urine) and girls (0.110 eggs/10 ml urine). Focal group discussions with guardians and caregivers revealed that preschool children acquired infection early in their lives through exposure to infected stream water by their mothers, while the older children visit the stream for playing, bathing and swimming. It has therefore become imperative for preschool children to be included in the planning of schistosomiasis intervention programmes as a means of reducing transmission.
Transcatheter arterial embolisation for paediatric inflammatory pseudotumour of the maxillary sinus
Authors: Murai A , Sugiu K , Kariya S , Nishizaki K 
Published: August 2011

AbstractBackground:Inflammatory pseudotumours are mostly seen in the lung, and occasionally in the head and neck region including the sinonasal area. Reported treatment modalities comprise corticosteroid treatment, surgical excision and radiotherapy. The latter option is required because wide surgical resection may be difficult for head and neck lesions, especially in children. However, clinicians should be aware of the risk of late-onset side effects of radiotherapy in children.Case report:We present a two-year-old girl with a massive inflammatory pseudotumour of the maxillary sinus. Transcatheter arterial embolisation was performed, and the lesion was successfully managed without additional therapy. There was no evidence of recurrence over the next five years.Conclusion:This is the first report presenting the utility of arterial embolisation for inflammatory pseudotumour.
Present status of the commercial sea cucumber fishery off the north-west and east coasts of Sri Lanka
Authors: Dissanayake D.C.T. , Stefansson G. 
Published: August 2011

The sea cucumber fishery has been providing an important means of livelihood to the coastal fishing communities in Sri Lanka for centuries. Stock status, level of exploitation and mortality parameters of eleven commercial sea cucumber species were studied off the north-west and the east coasts of Sri Lanka using data collected from an underwater visual census and fishery-dependent surveys carried out in 2008 and 2009. The total abundance of sea cucumbers was higher in the north-west than the east (P < 0.01). However, the total abundance of all the species declined between 2008 and 2009. The commercial fishery predominantly relies on two nocturnal species:Holothuria spiniferaandThelenota anax. Holothuria spiniferahad the highest contribution (73.2%) to the total landings in the north-west while this was provided byT. anax(93%) in the east. Both catch per unit effort and total landings declined in 2009 compared to 2008 having three exceptions (H. spinifera, Holothuria atraandStichopus chloronotus) in the north-west. Further, the collection of immature individuals, reduced landings of high-value species and temporal shifting of fishing activities were observed in both areas. Two approaches (simple linear regression and random effects models) were used to estimate the natural mortality of sea cucumbers and the estimated values were 0.50 yr−1and 0.45 yr−1, respectively. Apart from the management of local sea cucumber resources, this information is important to update the regional and global sea cucumber statistics as well as for launching regional management programmes.
Paeoniflorin attenuates schistosomiasis japonica-associated liver fibrosis through inhibiting alternative activation of macrophages
Authors: CHU DEYONG , DU MINGZHAN , HU XIANGYANG , WU QIANG , SHEN JILONG 
Published: August 2011

SUMMARYInterleukin (IL)-13 and alternatively activated macrophages (AAMs) play an important role in liver granuloma and fibrosis of schistosomiasis. Paeoniflorin (PAE, C23H28O11) has been reported to have an anti-hepatic fibrosis effect in schistosomiasis; however, the mechanism has not been fully elucidated. In this study, we measured serum hyaluronic acid (HA) concentrations, liver granuloma diameter and volume density, fibrosis degree and expressions of IL-13, arginase-1 (ARG-1), nitric oxide synthase-2 (NOS-2), and phosphorylated signal transducer and activator of transcription 6 (p-STAT6) in mice liver of schistosomiasis. Then we detected expressions of specific biomarkers of AAMs and activity of Arg-1 in Kupffer cells (KCs) from infected and PAE-treated mice, or in KCs from uninfected mice, but exposed to rIL-13in vitro. Finally, we observed expression of IL-13 signalling molecules in KCs and secretion of IL-13 from lymphocytes of infected and PAE-treated mice. Our results showed that during schistosomiasis, IL-13 expression and secretion increased with liver macrophages activated alternatively. PAE not only directly inhibited alternative activation of macrophages via reducing the phosphorylations of janus-activated kinase 2 (JAK2) and/or STAT6, leading to reduction of AAMs-related markers and Arg-1 activity, but also indirectly suppressed alternative activation of macrophages through decreasing secretion of IL-13. PAE might be a promising prophylactic agent for hepatic granuloma and fibrosis of schistosomiasis japonica.
Third lineage of rodent eimerians: morphology, phylogeny and re-description of Eimeria myoxi (Apicomplexa: Eimeriidae) from Eliomys quercinus (Rodentia: Gliridae)
Authors: KVIČEROVÁ JANA , MIKEŠ VÁCLAV , HYPŠA VÁCLAV 
Published: August 2011

SUMMARYCoccidian oocysts from feces of 46 individuals of the garden dormouse, Eliomys quercinus (Rodentia: Gliridae), were morphologically and molecularly characterized. Both morphological and sequence data (18S rDNA and ORF 470) showed low variability, indicating that all samples represent a single species. By comparison with published morphological descriptions of coccidia from glirid rodents, we determined that the samples represent Eimeria myoxi. Molecular data suggest that this species does not fall within the 2 known rodent-specific groups but branches as a third independent lineage. However, its exact position in respect to other eimerian clusters could not be established due to the lack of phylogenetic information at this taxonomic level for the 18S rRNA and ORF 470 genes. Based on these results, we provide a re-description of Eimeria myoxi, which contains morphological and molecular characteristics sufficient for its further unequivocal identification.