bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A reliability analysis method for electromagnet performance degradation based on FMEA and fuzzy inference system
Authors: Pang Jihong , Dai Jinkun , Lian Xinze , Ding Zhigang 
Published: June 2024

AbstractElectromagnets are often used in indirect control for industrial applications. The ability of an electromagnet to control objects should decrease with performance degradation. And electromagnets product poses a danger to people and objects in the working environment. So, it is very difficult to analyze the reliability of electromagnetic performance degradation because of the complicated working condition. Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) is the most commonly used tool for product reliability analysis. The new version of FMEA uses integer as evaluation value, which cannot represent the hesitation psychology of the evaluator. The Action Priority (AP) table of the FMEA describes the relationship between the evaluation of influencing factors and the risk level of the failure mode, which provides rules for determining the risk level of the failure mode. However, the AP table may result in multiple failure modes having the same ranking, which does not align with the intention of FMEA to prevent failures. Therefore, this paper proposes a reliability analysis method for electromagnetic performance degradation based on FMEA and FIS. Firstly, the Double Hierarchy Hesitant Fuzzy Linguistic Term Set (DHHFLTS) is used as the evaluation language to describe the hesitation psychology of evaluators. Secondly, the AP table of FMEA is used as FIS fuzzy inference rule. In this way, the idea of FMEA to determine the risk level of failure mode is retained and the problem of FIS fuzzy rule making is overcome. Then, FIS defuzzification AP table inference results to determine the risk ranking of failure modes. This avoids situations where the order of failure modes is equal. Finally, a performance degradation model of the electromagnet is constructed based on the Wiener process, and the calculation results of the new method are verified.
Insights Into the one‐Step Dimethyl Ether Carbonylation to Ethanol Over Cu/ZnO@Cu‐MOR Core‐Shell Catalysts with Porogen Engagement
Authors: Lu Peng , Nyako Abdul , Lin Yitong , Yu Wenjia , Hu Qianwen , Xing Chuang , Chen Shuyao , Wei Qinhong 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis study investigates the one‐step ethanol synthesis from dimethyl ether and syngas using the catalysts combining Cu/ZnO oxides and modified Cu‐MOR zeolite. In addition to physically mixed two‐component catalysts, multifunctional catalysts featuring a Cu/ZnO core and modified zeolite (Cu‐MOR and HMOR) shell are also presented. Further, the porogenic agent of dihexadecyldimethylammonium bromide (DHAB) was involved in the synthesis process of the MOR zeolite components of Cu/ZnO@Cu‐MOR and Cu/ZnO/Cu‐MOR catalysts, but not in that of Cu/ZnO@Cu‐MOR° catalyst. A series of characterization measures including XRD, TGA, BET, SEM, TEM and EDS have been systematically studied on the prepared catalysts. Characterizations of the catalyst surface structure and texturing parameters revealed a disturbance in crystallinity upon Cu insertion, facilitating syngas separation and promoting DME carbonylation while preventing undesired CO hydrogenation. The addition of DHAB as a porogen in the synthesis of zeolite shell improved specific surface area and porosity of zeolite shell, and reduced coke deposition, without leaching active metal components, resulting in enhanced reaction properties. Cu/ZnO@Cu‐MOR core‐shell catalyst showed good performance with 28.9 % DME conversion and 43.8 % selectivity for ethanol. The optimized pore structure and enhanced catalytic performance of the modification process validate the effectiveness and efficiency of this strategy.
Unveiling the Potential of Surface Active Ionic Liquids Based Catanionic Vesicles for Tailored Delivery of Curcumin and its Enhanced Therapeutic Efficacy
Authors: Jain Monika , Ukani Hiral , Kumar Sugam , Aswal Vinod K. , Kailasa Suresh Kumar , El Seoud Omar A. , Malek Naved I. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractNano vehicles for drug delivery with stimuli‐responsive characteristics are gaining prominence due to their ability to enhance traditional drug delivery methods by minimizing side effects and improving drug efficacy. Among the various stimuli‐responsive systems, pH‐responsive drug delivery nano vehicles have garnered significant attention. Utilizing this pH variance, tailored drug delivery nano vehicles can release encapsulated drugs on demand. Here, we developed pH‐responsive catanionic vesicles to create customized drug delivery nano vehicles responsive to stimuli, particularly pH. we have designed catanionic vesicles through interacting two oppositely charged surface active ionic liquids (SAILs), i. e. cationic ‐methyl‐4‐(2‐(dodecyloxycarbonylmethyl)morpholin‐4‐ium bromide [C12EMorph][Br] with anionic Choline Oleate ([Ch][Ol]). The spherically shaped micellar aggregates of [C12EMorph][Br] are transformed into pH responsive vesicular nanoaggregates through judicious addition of [Ch][Ol]. The morphological transition was studied through various analytical techniques including DLS, FRET and SANS. We used these pH responsive vesicular nanoaggregates to load representative hydrophobic drug curcumin in order to enhance its solubility, efficacy and bioavailability. This innovative approach in designing pH‐responsive vesicular nanoaggregates using two biocompatible SAILs signifies a breakthrough in biomedical research, holding promise for advancements in drug delivery and therapeutic applications.
Biodegradable Plastics from Mango Seed Starch for Sustainable Food Packaging‐Effect of Citric Acid and Fillers
Authors: Joseph Sudha , Hegde Akshata Raveendra , Gopalakrishnan Vishwa , Yallappa S. , Nadzri N. I. M. , Joseph Kavitha , Meenakshi K. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractStarch based bioplastics were prepared and characterized with fillers carboxy methyl cellulose (CMC), chitosan (CS) and nanochitosan (NCS); plasticizer sorbitol and cross‐linking agent citric acid (CA) at different loading levels. Structural, water resistance, water vapor permeability, solubility, mechanical, antimicrobial and biodegradation properties of the bioplastics were investigated. FTIR confirmed bonding of starch with cross‐linking agent, fillers and plasticizer. The water uptake of the CMC bioplastics was decreased up to 70 % with 20 % CA addition. Bioplastics with CS and NCS showed lesser water uptake, only 12.5 % for CS bioplastic. The water vapour permeability (WVP) of all bioplastics was low in the range 2.16×10−7–6.29×10−7 gday−1 m−1 Pa−1. The CA addition increased water resistance and lowered WVP of the bioplastics by restricting the hydrophilic functional groups and forming more tight structures. The fillers CS and NCS additions enhanced the mechanical strength attributing to more hydrogen bonding between NH3+ of chitosan and OH− of starch. All bioplastics demonstrated good antimicrobial activities. These bioplastics offer an attractive alternative to non‐biodegradable plastics used in food packaging due to its enhanced water resistance, antibacterial properties and biodegradability.
Self‐Assembled PD‐L1 Downregulator to Boost Photodynamic Activated Tumor Immunotherapy Through CDK5 Inhibition
Authors: Yu Bai‐Xue , Liu Yi‐Bin , Chen Xia‐Yun , Zhang Wei , Cen Yi , Yan Meng‐Yi , Liu Qian‐Qian , Li Shi‐Ying 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe immunosuppressive characteristics and acquired immune resistance can restrain the therapy‐initiated anti‐tumor immunity. In this work, an antibody free programmed death receptor ligand 1 (PD‐L1) downregulator (designated as CeSe) is fabricated to boost photodynamic activated immunotherapy through cyclin‐dependent kinase 5 (CDK5) inhibition. Among which, FDA approved photosensitizer of chlorin e6 (Ce6) and preclinical available CDK5 inhibitor of seliciclib (Se) are utilized to prepare the nanomedicine of CeSe through self‐assembly technique without drug excipient. Nanoscale CeSe exhibits an increased stability and drug delivery efficiency, contributing to intracellular production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) for robust photodynamic therapy (PDT). The PDT of CeSe can not only suppress the primary tumor growth, but also induce the immunogenic cell death (ICD) to release tumor associated antigens. More importantly, the CDK5 inhibition by CeSe can downregulate PD‐L1 to re‐activate the systemic anti‐tumor immunity by decreasing the tumor immune escape and therapy‐induced acquired immune resistance. This work provides an antibody free strategy to activate systemic immune response for metastatic tumor treatment, which may accelerate the development of translational nanomedicine with sophisticated mechanism.
Br, O‐Modified Cu(111) Interface Promotes CO2 Reduction to Multicarbon Products
Authors: Xiong Wan‐Feng , Cai Wan‐Zhen , Wang Jin , Si Duan‐Hui , Gao Shui‐Ying , Li Hong‐Fang , Cao Rong 
Published: June 2024

AbstractElectrochemical reduction of CO2 to multicarbon (C2+) products with added value represents a promising strategy for achieving a carbon‐neutral economy. Precise manipulation of the catalytic interface is imperative to control the catalytic selectivity, particularly toward C2+ products. In this study, a unique Cu/UIO‐Br interface is designed, wherein the Cu(111) plane is co‐modified simultaneously by Br and O from UIO‐66‐Br support. Such Cu/UIO‐Br catalytic interface demonstrates a superior Faradaic efficiency of ≈53% for C2+ products (ethanol/ethylene) and the C2+ partial current density reached 24.3 mA cm−2 in an H‐cell electrolyzer. The kinetic isotopic effect test, in situ attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and density functional theory calculations have been conducted to elucidate the catalytic mechanism. The Br, O co‐modification on the Cu(111) interface enhanced the adsorption of CO2 species. The hydrogen‐bond effect from the doped Br atom regulated the kinetic processes of *H species in CO2RR and promoted the formation of *COH intermediate. The formed *COH facilitates the *CO–*COH coupling and promotes the C2+ selectivity finally. This comprehensive investigation not only provides an in‐depth study and understanding of the catalytic process but also offers a promising strategy for designing efficient Cu‐based catalysts with exceptional C2+ products.
Enabling High Capacity and Stable Sodium Capture in Simulated Saltwater by Highly Crystalline Prussian Blue Analogues Cathode
Authors: Wang Shiyong , Lei Yuhao , Li Changping , Zhao Lin , Du Shuwen , Wang Gang , Qiu Jieshan 
Published: June 2024

Prussian blue analogues (PBAs) are considered as promising cathode materials for capacitive deionization (CDI) technology due to their 3D open‐frame structure and tunable redox active sites. However, the inevitably high content of [Fe(CN)6] vacancies in the crystal structure results in a low salt adsorption capacity (SAC) and poor recycling performance. Herein, a high‐salt nano‐reaction system is established by mechanochemical ball milling, enabling the preparation of a variety of highly crystallized PBAs (metal hexacyanoferrate, MHCF‐B‐170, M = Ni, Co, or Cu) with low vacancies (0.05–0.06 per formula unit). The reduction of vacancies in the PBAs lattice not only strengthens the conductivity and promotes the rapid transfer of electrons, but also reduces the migration energy barrier and accelerates the fast and reversible diffusion of Na+ ions. The structural characterization method and theoretical simulation demonstrates the excellent reversibility and crystal structure stability of MHCF‐B‐170 during the CDI process. Impressively, the NiHCF‐B‐170 exhibits excellent CDI performance, characterized by an exceptionally high SAC of up to 101.4 mg g−1 at 1.2 V, and demonstrates remarkable cycle stability with no significant degradation observed even after 100 cycles. This PBAs with low Fe(CN)6 vacancies are expected to be a competitive candidate material for CDI electrodes.
Dated phylogeny, phylogeography, and classification of Allium subgenus Amerallium (Amaryllidaceae) from the Old World, based on six DNA fragments
Authors: Friesen Nikolai , Herden Tobias , Leweke Mathias , Grützmacher Lisa , Fragman‐Sapir Ori , Hurka Herbert , Blattner Frank R. , Fritsch Reinhard M. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe present study aims to reveal phylogenetic and phylogeographical patterns of the Eurasian species of Allium subg. Amerallium, covering 75% of the species in the Mediterranean region and East Asia, as well as 12 North American species representing most sections of the monophyletic American part of the subgenus. We sampled 38 species of A. subg. Amerallium out of a total of 52 species from the Old World. A molecular phylogeny of A. subg. Amerallium was constructed based on predominantly non‐coding sequences from two nuclear ribosomal RNA regions (ITS, ETS), and four chloroplast (cp) regions (trnL‐trnF, atpB‐rbcL, rpl32‐trnL, rps16 intron). Most clades are well supported in the analyses of the combined nuclear and chloroplast data. However, analyses of single chloroplast fragments produced different topologies, which can be explained by differences in the variability of the chloroplast regions studied. Analysis of all cpDNA fragments combined produced a similar topology compared to the tree based on nuclear data. Most sections in the Eurasian part of A. subg. Amerallium are monophyletic. Only the position of A. chamaemoly (monotypic A. sect. Chamaeprason) nested in A. sect. Molium makes the latter paraphyletic. Different positions of A. chamaemoly within nuclear and plastid trees indicate an ancient hybridogenic origin. Monophyly of the American species of A. subg. Amerallium suggests an origin from extinct North Asian taxa. Currently, only one species from this ancient group, A. kingdonii, still exists in the eastern Himalayas.
Understanding veterinary drug shop workers’ knowledge and practices to identify drivers of antibiotic use in Vietnamese livestock farms
Authors: Nohrborg Sandra , Nguyen‐Thi Thinh , Xuan Huyen Nguyen , Hai Yen Luu Thi , Lindahl Johanna , Boqvist Sofia , Järhult Josef D. , Magnusson Ulf 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundAntimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a One Health issue and a major threat to animal and human health. Antibiotic use (ABU) drives AMR development, and several hotspots for ABU, and AMR, in livestock have been identified in Southeast Asia, including Vietnam. There are often multiple drivers of ABU at farms, and to identify all of them there is a need to look beyond farm level.ObjectivesThe overall aim of this study was to identify routines and/or competencies, related to antibiotic sales, among veterinary drug shop workers that may be improved in order to decrease the medically non‐rational use of antibiotics in livestock production.MethodsA questionnaire‐based survey was conducted at 50 veterinary drug shops in northern Vietnam.ResultsResults showed high education and knowledge levels. According to the respondents, antibiotic treatment advice was almost always provided to the farmers, and the recommended treatment was most commonly based on recommendations for the specific disease. However, farmers had almost never had their animals properly diagnosed. Antibiotics were the most sold drug category, penicillins being the most common. Several broad‐spectrum antibiotics were also quite frequently sold. Further, >50% of respondents recommended antibiotics for disease prevention.ConclusionsEven though education and knowledge levels might be high, several challenges can prevent drug shop workers from contributing to more prudent ABU at farms, for example, lack of proper diagnosis, commercial interests and individual farmer motives, often in combination with poor compliance to regulations.
Polyarthritis associated with clinical Hepatozoon felis infection in a domestic cat
Authors: Jones Lucy , Lara Armando Sanchez , Peschard Lorraine , McGregor Ombeline , Skelly Barbara J. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractA 10‐year‐old, female, neutered, domestic shorthair cat was referred for evaluation of lethargy and pyrexia, unresponsive to treatment with meloxicam, potentiated amoxicillin and marbofloxacin. Radiographs of the elbows and tarsi revealed marked periosteal reaction and joint effusion. Arthrocentesis was consistent with a suppurative polyarthritis. Hepatozoonosis was suspected following identification of a Hepatozoon gametocyte, during buffy coat assessment. Diagnosis was confirmed with a positive Hepatozoon felis polymerase chain reaction on a whole blood sample. The cat received a 4‐week course of oral doxycycline, which resulted in normalisation of body temperature, lameness and demeanour. Almost 18 months following diagnosis and treatment, the patient is clinically normal. This case shows that hepatozoonosis should be considered as a differential in cats with a history of foreign travel presenting with polyarthritis.
Abortion access, public opinion, direct democracy, and state political institutions in the United States
Authors: O'Mahen Patrick N. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAlthough numerous states have enacted policies banning or limiting abortion since the Dobbs decision in 2022, public opinion in most states remains solidly in favor of abortion access. However, whether public opinion is reflected in the public policy of individual states depends on how political institutions mediate between opinion and policy. Activists on both sides of the abortion issue, therefore, have attempted to locate policymaking regarding abortion access in state institutional systems most congenial to their desired outcomes. In states with direct democracy, even where legislatures and governorships are dominated by conservative Republicans, activists have been successful in harnessing public opinion to protect abortion rights by winning public referenda. In response, Republicans have attempted to curtail the power of these referenda, shifting power back to legislatures more likely to be held by actors opposed to abortion rights. This venue shopping for policymaking advantage ultimately raises vital, difficult, and often uncomfortable questions about how political institutions and citizens negotiate the boundaries of democratic legitimacy in policymaking.
Making Landscapes Negotiable: Q-methodology as a Boundary-Spanning and Empowering Diagnostic
Authors: Langston James Douglas , Ros-Tonen Mirjam A. F. , Reed James 
Published: June 2024

AbstractLandscapes are conceptually fuzzy and rich, and subject to plural framings. They are places of inquiry and intervention for scientists and practitioners, but also concepts bound to peoples’ dynamic identities, knowledge systems, inspiration, and well-being. These varying interpretations change the way landscapes function and evolve. Developed in the 1930s, Q-methodology is increasingly recognized for being useful in documenting and interrogating environmental discourses. Yet its application in the context of how integrated landscape approaches better navigate land-use dilemmas is still in its infancy. Based on our experience and emerging literature, such as the papers in this special collection, this article discusses the value of Q-methodology in addressing landscape sustainability issues. Q-methodology helps unravel and communicate common and contradicting landscape imaginaries and narratives in translational and boundary-spanning ways, thus bridging actors’ different understandings of problems and solutions and revealing common or differentiated entry points for negotiating trade-offs between competing land uses. The methodology can be empowering for marginalized people by uncovering their views and aspirational values to decision-makers and policymakers. We argue that this potential can be further strengthened by using Q to identify counter-hegemonic discourses and alliances that combat injustices regarding whose knowledge and visions count. In this way, applying Q-methodology in integrated landscape approaches can become a key tool for transitioning toward just, inclusive, and sustainable landscapes.
Empirical risk analysis of mining a Proof-of-Work blockchain
Authors: Albrecher Hansjörg , Finger Dina , Goffard Pierre-O. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe process of mining blocks on a blockchain utilizing a Proof-of-Work consensus mechanism carries inherent risks, particularly when the operational expenses associated with mining exceed the rewards earned. Building on previous findings on mining in pools, this paper delves into the question of whether the theoretical formulas for the ruin probability and the expected value of future surplus obtained under particular model assumptions are indeed validated empirically. In particular, we include the presence of transactions fees in the block rewards in our analysis. We also provide algorithms to fit the involved generalized hyperexponential distributions to actual data. Moreover, we perform a sensitivity analysis for different factors of interest, and we quantify the relevance of incorporating temporal dependence and transaction fees in the model.
Transthyretin amyloid cardiomyopathy in patients with unexplained increased left ventricular wall thickness
Authors: Holcman Katarzyna , Kostkiewicz Magdalena , Szot Wojciech , Ćmiel Bogdan , Mróz Krystian , Stępień Agnieszka , Graczyk Katarzyna , Dziewięcka Ewa , Karabinowska-Małocha Aleksandra , Sachajko Zuzanna , Podolec Piotr , Rubiś Paweł 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAmyloid cardiomyopathy (CA) was previously considered a rare disease; however, rapid advancements in imaging modalities have led to an increased frequency of its diagnosis. The aim of this prospective study was to assess the prevalence and clinical phenotype of transthyretin amyloidosis (ATTR) cardiomyopathy in patients exhibiting unexplained increased left ventricular (LV) wall thickness. From 2020 to 2022, we enrolled 100 consecutive adults with unexplained increased LV wall thickness in the study. The analysis included clinical data, electrocardiography, transthoracic echocardiography, single-photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography with 3,3-disphono-1,2-propanodicarboxylic acid, genetic testing. Overall, 18% of patients were diagnosed with CA, comprising 5% with light-chain amyloidosis, and 12% with ATTR. To evaluate associations with the ATTR diagnosis, a LOGIT model and multivariate analysis were applied. Notably, age, polyneuropathy, gastropathy, carpal tunnel syndrome, lumbar spine stenosis, low voltage, ventricular arrhythmia, LV mass, LV ejection fraction, global longitudinal strain (GLS), E/A, E/E′, right ventricle (RV) thickness, right atrium area, RV VTI, TAPSE, apical sparing, ground glass appearance of myocardium, thickening of interatrial septum, thickening of valves, and the “5–5–5” sign were found to be significantly associated with ATTR (p < 0.05). The best predictive model for ATTR diagnoses exhibited an area under the curve of 0.99, including LV mass, GLS and RV thickness. This study, conducted at a cardiology referral center, revealed that a very considerable proportion of patients with unexplained increased LV wall thickness may suffer from underlying CA. Moreover, the presence of ATTR should be considered in patients with increased LV mass accompanied by reduced GLS and RV thickening.
The link between translation difficulty and the quality of machine translation: a literature review and empirical investigation
Authors: Araghi Sahar , Palangkaraya Alfons 
Published: June 2024

AbstractWe survey the relevant literature on translation difficulty and automatic evaluation of machine translation (MT) quality and investigate whether source text’s translation difficulty features contain any information about MT quality. We analyse the 2017–2019 Conferences on Machine Translation (WMT) data of machine translation quality of English news text translated to eleven different languages (Chinese, Czech, Estonian, Finnish, Latvian, Lithuanian, German, Gujarati, Kazakh, Russian, and Turkish). We find (weak) negative correlation between the source text’s length, polysemy and structural complexity and the corresponding human evaluated quality of machine translation. This suggests a potentially important but measureable influence of source text’s translation difficulty on MT quality.