bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploring the association between the female gender, education expenditure, renewable energy consumption and CO2 emissions: Empirical evidence from Nigeria
Authors: Somoye Oluwatoyin Abidemi , Akinwande Toluwalope Seyi 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe significance of women's contribution to attaining the Sustainable Development Goal of net zero emissions cannot be underestimated. Therefore, employing the ecofeminism theory, this research explores the effect of female gender, education expenditure and renewable energy consumption on carbon dioxide emissions in Nigeria between 1990 and 2019. The utilised methodologies include autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL), fully modified ordinary least square (FMOLS), dynamic ordinary least square (DOLS) and canonical cointegrating regression (CCR). The cointegration tests showed evidence of long‐run association. The ARDL result revealed that female gender, education expenditure, and renewable energy consumption have a negative relationship with carbon dioxide emissions in the long run. This indicates that a rise in these variables is beneficial to the environment. In the short run, female gender and renewable energy consumption have a negative link with carbon dioxide emissions. For robustness check, the results obtained from the FMOLS, DOLS and CCR methods validate the ARDL findings. Furthermore, the frequency domain causality test established that the female gender has a one‐way causal influence on carbon dioxide emissions in the long, medium, and short term. Based on these outcomes, policy recommendations are further discussed.
Factors Influencing Willingness to Participate in Clinical Studies in Pediatric Anesthesia (FILIPPA): A vignette‐based, structured interview study
Authors: Miller Clemens , Scholand Jan , Wieditz Johannes , Pancaro Carlo , Rosewich Hendrik , Nemeth Marcus 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundInformed consent is a relevant backdrop for conducting clinical trials, particularly those involving children. While several factors are known to influence the willingness to consent to pediatric anesthesia studies, the influence of study design on consenting behavior is unknown.AimsTo quantify the impact of study complexity on willingness to consent to pediatric anesthesia studies.MethodsWe conducted a vignette‐based interview study by presenting three hypothetical studies to 106 parents or legal guardians whose children were scheduled to undergo anesthesia. These studies differed in level of complexity and included an example of a prospective observational study, a randomized controlled trial, and a phase‐II‐pharmacological study. Primary outcome was the willingness to consent, using a 5‐point Likert scale ranging from “absolutely consent” to “absolutely decline”. Secondary outcomes were the effects of child‐related (such as sex, age, previous anesthesia, research exposure) and proxy‐related factors.ResultsResponse probabilities for “absolute consent” were 90.9% [95% CI 85.3–96.5] for the observational study, 48.6% [95% CI 38.3–58.9] for the randomized controlled trial, and 32.7% [95% CI 23.9–41.6] for the phase‐II‐pharmacological study. Response probabilities for “absolutely decline” were 1.6% [95% CI 0.3–2.8], 14.4% [95% CI 8.3–20.5], and 24.7% [95% CI 16.6–32.7], respectively. Significant effects were found for previous research exposure (OR = 0.486 [95% CI 0.256–0.923], p = .027), older age (OR = 0.963 [95% CI 0.927–0.999], p = .045) and the gender of the parent or legal guardian, as mothers were less willing to consent (OR = 0.234 [95% CI 0.107–0.512], p < .001).ConclusionsWillingness to consent decreased with increasing level of study complexity. When conducting more complex studies, greater efforts need to be made to increase the enrollment of pediatric patients.
Bacterial biofilm formation in seafood: Mechanisms and inhibition through novel non‐thermal techniques
Authors: Gautam Sagar , Subedi Nirmala , Dhakal Kabita , Koirala Pankaj , Acharya Dev Raj , Malav Om Prakash , Al‐Asmari Fahad , Benjakul Soottawat , Nirmal Nilesh 
Published: May 2024

AbstractSeafoods are susceptible to microbial contamination due to their high moisture, nutrient contents and neutral pH. Among various microorganisms, biofilm‐forming bacteria pose a severe threat to the seafood supply chain as well as consumer health. Bacterial biofilm formation in seafood is primarily caused by Aeromonas hydrophila, Vibrio cholerae, V. vulnificus, V. parahaemolyticus, Salmonella spp., and Listeria monocytogenes. Biofilm formation is an important protective mechanism of microorganisms causing spoilage of seafood and disease threats to consumers. The attachment of microbes on the surface of seafood followed by the growth and proliferation of bacterial cells leads to the production of exopolymer compounds and the formation of biofilm. This biofilm is difficult to destroy or inhibit through conventional prevention/destruction techniques. The occurrence of bacterial strains/biofilms with more resistance to different preventive strategies is a big challenge for the seafood processing industry. This review covers the mechanisms of biofilm formation by bacteria and various non‐thermal processing approaches to prevent microbial contamination and biofilm formation in seafood products. The aforementioned non‐thermal processing techniques for the destruction of biofilm and quality control of seafood products include cold plasma treatment, irradiation, pulsed electric field technology, hydrostatic pressure processing, photosensitisation, natural bioactive compounds and so on. All these techniques effectively inhibit the bacterial biofilm and microbial growth without altering sensorial properties. However, further research validation and applications at the industry level are still required.
Cholecystokinin‐mediated effect of insulin pathway on the steroidogenic activity of follicular granulosa cells in Camelus bactrianus: In vitro study
Authors: Guo Lusha , Zhang Yong 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe current study aimed to explore the molecular mechanism by which the cholecystokinin (CCK)‐mediated CCKAR and CCKBR, as well as the molecular mechanisms of CCK‐mediated insulin signalling pathway, regulate oestrogen in the granulosa cells. Also, the expression of CCK in ovaries, uterus, hypothalamus and pituitary gland was investigated in Camelus bactrianus. Ovaries, uterus, hypothalamus and pituitary gland were collected from six, three before ovulation (control) and three after ovulation, slaughtered Camelus bactrianus. Ovulation was induced by IM injection of seminal plasma before slaughtering in the ovulated group. The results showed that there were differences in the transcription and protein levels of CCK in various tissues before and after ovulation (p < .05, p < .01). After transfection with p‐IRES2‐EGFP‐CCK, the mRNA and protein levels of CCK, CCKAR, CCKBR and ER in follicular granulosa cells were significantly upregulated (p < .05, p < .01), and the content of E2 was significantly upregulated (p < .01); On the contrary, after transfection with si‐CCK, the mRNA and protein levels of CCK, CCKAR, CCKBR and ER in follicular granulosa cells were significantly downregulated (p < .05, p < .01), and the content of E2 was significantly downregulated (p < .01). Regulating CCK can affect the mRNA levels of INS, INSR, IGF and IGF‐R. In summary, regulating the expression level of CCK can activate insulin‐related signalling pathways by CCKR, thereby regulating the steroidogenic activity of granulosa cells.
Chlorogenic acid improves the development of porcine parthenogenetic embryos by regulating oxidative stress and ameliorating mitochondrial function
Authors: Qu He‐Xuan , Wang Yan‐Qiu , Dong Yan‐Wei , Qi Jia‐Jia , Wei Hua‐Kai , Zhang Yan , Sun Hao , Sun Bo‐Xing , Liang Shuang 
Published: May 2024

AbstractChlorogenic acid (CGA) is an effective phenolic antioxidant that can scavenge hydroxyl radicals and superoxide anions. Herein, the protective effects and mechanisms leading to CGA‐induced porcine parthenogenetic activation (PA) in early‐stage embryos were investigated. Our results showed that 50 μM CGA treatment during the in vitro culture (IVC) period significantly increased the cleavage and blastocyst formation rates and improved the blastocyst quality of porcine early‐stage embryos derived from PAs. Then, genes related to zygotic genome activation (ZGA) were identified and investigated, revealing that CGA can promote ZGA in porcine PA early‐stage embryos. Further analysis revealed that CGA treatment during the IVC period decreased the abundance of reactive oxygen species (ROS), increased the abundance of glutathione and enhanced the activity of catalase and superoxide dismutase in porcine PA early‐stage embryos. Mitochondrial function analysis revealed that CGA increased mitochondrial membrane potential and ATP levels and upregulated the mitochondrial homeostasis‐related gene NRF‐1 in porcine PA early‐stage embryos. In summary, our results suggest that CGA treatment during the IVC period helps porcine PA early‐stage embryos by regulating oxidative stress and improving mitochondrial function.
The diverse effects of non‐tariff measures on free trade agreements: Global empirical evidence from binary response models
Authors: Li Xiao‐Ming 
Published: May 2024

AbstractWe examine how non‐tariff measures (NTMs) affect the formation of free trade agreements (FTAs), using data from 114 countries over the period 1986–2019 and applying binary response models. Splitting NTMs into eight categories, some tend to be restrictive, some promotive and some neutral, in terms of their effects on FTA formation. Technical measures tend to encourage, while non‐technical measures tend to discourage, country‐pairs to join FTAs. Aggregating all NTMs into one variable would give rise to weak conclusions. Our results for the 12 control variables are largely in line with those of previous studies on international trade flows or on FTAs but without considering NTMs.
Ethnic‐racial socialization in Chinese American immigrant families: Associations with middle childhood ethnic identity
Authors: Wong Sylvia H. M. , Zhang Emily , Liu Cindy H. , Chen Stephen 
Published: May 2024

AbstractCompared to studies of ethnic identity development in adolescence, fewer investigations have examined the development of ethnic identity during middle childhood, a developmental period of dynamic social and cognitive changes that have direct implications for social identity and group membership. Moreover, research on the developmental processes of Asian American youth has also primarily utilized cross‐group comparisons, while neglecting consideration of variations in acculturation, socioeconomic status, and other sociodemographic characteristics within Asian American ethnic groups. Using a socioeconomically‐ and acculturatively‐diverse sample of Chinese immigrant families in the United States (N = 169; 49.1% girls; M = 9.16 years; SD = 1.05), the present study examined how parents’ ERS practices varied by parents’ socioeconomic status, education, and cultural orientations, then tested associations between parents’ ERS and children's self‐reported ethnic centrality and ethnic regard. More highly‐educated Chinese American immigrant parents reported more frequent cultural socialization and more acculturated parents reported more preparation of their children for racial and ethnic bias. Consistent with hypotheses, parents’ cultural socialization was positively associated with children's self‐reported ethnic centrality and positive regard. Results highlight the roles of social status and acculturation in Chinese immigrant parents’ ERS, and point to middle childhood as a key developmental window for ethnic identity socialization and development in immigrant families.
The history behind the Bolzano‐Gesamtbibliographie 1804–1999 and the guidelines for its use
Authors: Fuentes Guillén Elías 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe dissemination and reception of Bernard Bolzano's ideas were not only mediated by his personal circumstances and context but also by the vicissitudes of his work. This paper traces the fate of his works from his death in 1848 to the publication of the first volume of his Gesamtausgabe in 1969, and it does so with the help of one of the last published volumes of this edition, namely the Bolzano‐Gesamtbibliographie 1804–1999. As the paper shows, this book is more than a mere list of publications and constitutes a highly valuable resource for anyone interested in Bolzano studies, the use of which is explained in detail.
The effect of near‐infrared low‐level light on the in vitro quality of platelets during storage
Authors: Bontekoe Ido J. , van der Meer Pieter F. , de Laleijne‐Liefting Lara A. E. , Klei Thomas R. L. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesNear‐infrared (NIR) light has been successfully applied to improve the quality of mouse platelets during storage. Because it is suspected that the mitochondria contain the primary photon acceptor, we hypothesized that human platelets for transfusion may be affected similarly and could benefit from NIR light treatment.Materials and MethodsThe optimal light dose was determined using portions of platelet concentrates (PCs) in PAS‐E. A pool‐and‐split design was used to prepare PCs in PAS‐E or plasma (n = 6). On day 1, one unit of both pairs was illuminated with 830 nm light (light‐emitting diodes, 15 J/cm2). PCs were stored at 22°C and sampled regularly for analysis. Data were compared with their corresponding controls with a paired two‐sided t‐test.ResultsIlluminated platelets in PAS‐E were less activated with significantly lower CD62P expression (day 8: 10.8 ± 1.8 vs. 12.2 ± 2.6, p < 0.05) and lower Annexin A5 binding (day 8: 11.8 ± 1.9 vs. 13.1 ± 2.4, ns). They produced significantly less lactate resulting in a higher pH (days 6–10). ATP content and mitochondrial membrane potential were not affected. Although these trends were also observed for PCs in plasma, the differences did not reach statistical significance as compared with the control group.ConclusionOur study demonstrates that the glycolysis rate of human platelets can be modulated through the use of NIR, possibly through mitochondrial aerobic metabolism, but this requires confirmation. If NIR illumination can be further optimized, it may potentially become a useful tool in situations in which glycolysis and platelet activation are exacerbated.
Dual β-lactam for treatment of pulmonary
Mycobacterium abscessus
in a child
Authors: Becken Bradford , Dousa Khalid M. , Johnson John L. , Holland Steven M. , Bonomo Robert A. 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT

Treatment of
Mycobacterium abscessus
infection presents significant challenges, exacerbated by the emergence of macrolide-resistant strains that necessitate the use of multiple antimicrobials in combination and carry the potential for significant toxic effects. Select dual beta-lactam combinations, with or without beta-lactamase inhibitors, have been shown to be highly active
in vitro
. Herein, we describe a 6-year-old child with underlying mild bilateral lower lobe cylindrical bronchiectatic lung disease who developed pulmonary
Mycobacterium abscessus
infection and was treated with a multi-drug regimen including two β-lactam antibiotics, achieving both early clinical and microbiological cure. This case highlights the potential benefit of dual β-lactam therapy for the treatment of drug-resistant
Mycobacterium abscessus
infection.
Applying improved ddPCR to reliable quantification of MPXV in clinical settings
Authors: Liang Chudan , Yang Huiqin , Yang Xiaofeng , Long Zhenyu , Zhou Yuandong , Wang Jian , Fan Linjin , Zeng Mou , Wang Yulong , Zheng Haipeng , Wang Zequn , Ye Pengfei , Lin Jingyan , Shi Wendi , Huang Hongxin , Yan Huijun , Qian Jun , Li Linghua , Liu Linna 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT

Monkeypox virus (MPXV) poses a global health threat. Droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) holds potential as an accurate diagnostic tool for clinical microbiology. However, there is limited literature on the applicability of ddPCR in clinical settings. In this study, the clinical features of patients with MPXV during the initial outbreak in China in June 2023 were reviewed, and an optimized ddPCR method with dilution and/or inhibitor removal was developed to enhance MPXV detection efficiency. Eighty-two MPXV samples were tested from nine different clinical specimen types, including feces, urine, pharyngeal swabs, anal swabs, saliva, herpes fluid, crust, and semen, and the viral load of each specimen was quantified. A comparative analysis was performed with qPCR to assess sensitivity and specificity and to investigate the characteristics of MPXV infection by analyzing viral loads in different clinical specimens. Consequently, common pharyngeal and gastrointestinal symptoms were observed in patients with MPXV. The optimized ddPCR method demonstrated relatively high sensitivity for MPXV quantification in the clinical materials, with a limit of detection of 0.1 copies/μL. This was particularly evident in low-concentration samples like whole blood, semen, and urine. The optimized ddPCR demonstrated greater detection accuracy compared with normal ddPCR and qPCR, with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.939. Except for crust samples, viral loads in the specimens gradually decreased as the disease progressed. Virus levels in feces and anal swabs kept a high detection rate at each stage of post-symptom onset, and feces and anal swabs samples may be suitable for clinical diagnosis and continuous monitoring of MPXV.

IMPORTANCE
The ddPCR technique proved to be a sensitive and valuable tool for accurately quantifying MPXV viral loads in various clinical specimen types. The findings provided valuable insights into the necessary pre-treatment protocols for MPXV diagnosis in ddPCR detection and the potentially suitable sample types for collection. Therefore, such results can aid in comprehending the potential characteristics of MPXV infection and the usage of ddPCR in clinical settings.
Clinical trial design and treatment effects: a meta-analysis of randomised controlled and single-arm trials supporting 437 FDA approvals of cancer drugs and indications
Authors: Michaeli Daniel Tobias , Michaeli Thomas , Albers Sebastian , Michaeli Julia Caroline 
Published: May 2024

Objectives
This study aims to analyse the association between clinical trial design and treatment effects for cancer drugs with US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval.

Design
Cross-sectional study and meta-analysis.

Setting
Data from Drugs@FDA, FDA labels, ClincialTrials.gov and the Global Burden of Disease study.

Participants
Pivotal trials for 170 drugs with FDA approval across 437 cancer indications between 2000 and 2022.

Main outcome measures
Treatment effects were measured in HRs for overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS), and in relative risk for tumour response. Random-effects meta-analyses and meta-regressions explored the association between treatment effect estimates and clinical trial design for randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and single-arm trials.

Results
Across RCTs, greater effect estimates were observed in smaller trials for OS (�=0.06, p<0.001), PFS (�=0.15, p<0.001) and tumour response (�=-3.61, p<0.001). Effect estimates were larger in shorter trials for OS (�=0.08, p<0.001) and PFS (�=0.09, p=0.002). OS (�=0.04, p=0.006), PFS (�=0.10, p<0.001) and tumour response (�=-2.91, p=0.004) outcomes were greater in trials with fewer centres. HRs for PFS (0.54 vs 0.62, p=0.011) were lower in trials testing the new drug to an inactive (placebo/no treatment) rather than an active comparator. The analysed efficacy population (intention-to-treat, per-protocol, or as-treated) was not consistently associated with treatment effects. Results were consistent for single-arm trials and in multivariable analyses.

Conclusions
Pivotal trial design is significantly associated with measured treatment effects. Particularly small, short, single-centre trials testing a new drug compared with an inactive rather than an active comparator could overstate treatment outcomes. Future studies should verify results in unsuccessful trials, adjust for further confounders and examine other therapeutic areas. The FDA, manufacturers and trialists must strive to conduct robust clinical trials with a low risk of bias.
Preoxygenation with non-invasive ventilation versus high-flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy for intubation of patients with acute hypoxaemic respiratory failure in ICU: the prospective randomised controlled FLORALI-2 study protocol
Authors: Frat Jean-Pierre , Ricard Jean-Damien , Coudroy Rémi , Robert René , Ragot Stéphanie , Thille Arnaud W 
Published: May 2024

IntroductionEndotracheal intubation in intensive care unit (ICU) is a procedure at high risk of life-threatening complications. Among them, severe oxygen desaturation, usually defined as a drop of pulse oxymetry (SpO2) below 80%, is the most common. Preoxygenation enables delaying oxygen desaturation occurring during apnea induced by anaesthetic drugs. Data suggest that non-invasive ventilation (NIV) or high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) oxygen therapy could further increase PaO2before intubation procedure and prevent oxygen desaturation episodes as compared with standard oxygen. However, no recommendation favours one technique rather than the other, since they have never been compared. Hence, whether a strategy of preoxygenation with NIV or HFNC is more effective than the other in patients with acute hypoxaemic respiratory failure remains to be established.Methods and analysisThe FLORALI-2 study is a multicentre randomised controlled trial comparing a preoxygenation strategy with either NIV or HFNC in patients with acute hypoxaemic respiratory failure needing intubation in ICU. The 320 patients will be randomised with a ratio 1:1 in two groups according to the strategy of preoxygenation. The primary outcome is the occurrence of an episode of severe oxygen desaturation defined by a drop of SpO2below 80% during the intubation procedure. Secondary outcomes include feasibility of the two strategies, immediate and late complications related to intubation.Ethics and disseminationThe study has been approved by the central ethics committee (Ethics Committee Ouest-III, Poitiers, France) and patients will be included after informed consent. The results will be submitted for publication in peer-reviewed journals.Trial registration numberNCT02668458; Pre-results.