bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mobilization of endocrine-disrupting chemicals and estrogenic activity in simulated rainfall runoff from land-applied biosolids
Authors: Giudice Ben D , Young Thomas M 
Published: July 2011

Abstract
Municipal biosolids are commonly applied to land as soil amendment or fertilizer as a form of beneficial reuse of what could otherwise be viewed as waste. Balanced against this benefit are potential risks to groundwater and surface water quality from constituents that may be mobilized during storm events. The objective of the present study was to characterize the mobilization of selected endocrine-disrupting compounds, heavy metals, and total estrogenic activity in rainfall runoff from land-applied biosolids. Rainfall simulations were conducted on soil plots amended with biosolids. Surface runoff and leachate was collected and analyzed for the endocrine-disrupting compounds bisphenol A, 17α-ethynylestradiol, triclocarban, triclosan, octylphenol, and nonylphenol; a suite of 16 metals; and estrogenic activity via the estrogen receptor-mediated chemical activated luciferase gene expression (ER-CALUX) bioassay. Triclocarban (2.3–17.3 ng/L), triclosan (&lt;51–309 ng/L), and octylphenol (&lt;4.9–203 ng/L) were commonly detected. Chromium (2.0–22 µg/L), Co (2.5–10 µg/L), Ni (28–235 µg/L), Cu (14–110 µg/L), As (1.2–2.7 µg/L), and Se (0.29–12 µg/L) were quantifiable over background levels. Triclosan, Ni, and Cu were detected at levels that might pose some risk to aquatic life, though levels of metals in the biosolids were well below the maximum allowable regulatory limits. The ER-CALUX results were mostly explained by background bisphenol A contamination and octylphenol in runoff, although unknown contributors or matrix effects were also found. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2011;30:2220–2228. © 2011 SETAC
Anxiolytic‐like effect of essential oil extracted from Abies sachalinensis
Authors: Satou Tadaaki , Matsuura Mariko , Takahashi Mizuho , Umezu Toyoshi , Hayashi Shinichiro , Sadamoto Kiyomi , Koike Kazuo 
Published: July 2011

ABSTRACTIt has been proposed that essential oil extracted from Abies sachalinensis (EOAS) has a relaxation effect, among others, in humans; however, the scientific evidence is currently insufficient. To clarify the influence of EOAS on emotional behaviour, we examined its anxiolytic‐like effect using a mouse model. The elevated plus maze task was used to evaluate the anxiolytic‐like effect. The results showed that intraperitoneal (i.p.) administration of EOAS at 0.6 g/kg body weight did not produce an anxiolytic‐like effect. However, a significant anxiolytic‐like effect was observed after inhalation of EOAS at 3.6 mg/l air (P < 0.05). Next, the effect of the route of administration (i.p. vs. inhalation) on the distribution of the major components of EOAS was analysed. α‐Pinene was observed in the brain at 5.7 ± 2.0 mg/kg (i.p.) and 19.7 ± 0.9 mg/kg (inhalation). The data showed that EOAS effectively produced an anxiolytic‐like effect after administration by inhalation. Thus, the efficacy of EOAS in producing an anxiolytic‐like effect is likely to be due to achieving adequate levels in the brain after EOAS had been inhaled. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
High‐resolution genomic mapping reveals consistent amplification of the fibroblast growth factor receptor substrate 2 gene in well‐differentiated and dedifferentiated liposarcoma
Authors: Wang Xiaoke , Asmann Yan W. , Erickson‐Johnson Michele R. , Oliveira Jennifer L. , Zhang Hongying , Moura Rafael D. , Lazar Alexander J. , Lev Dina , Bill Katelynn , Lloyd Ricardo V. , Yaszemski Michael J. , Maran Avudaiappan , Oliveira Andre M. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractWell‐differentiated liposarcoma (WDLS) is one of the most common malignant mesenchymal tumors and dedifferentiated liposarcoma (DDLS) is a malignant tumor consisting of both WDLS and a transformed nonlipogenic sarcomatous component. Cytogenetically, WDLS is characterized by the presence of ring or giant rod chromosomes containing several amplified genes, including MDM2, TSPAN31, CDK4, and others mainly derived from chromosome bands 12q13‐15. However, the 12q13‐15 amplicon is large and discontinuous. The focus of this study was to identify novel critical genes that are consistently amplified in primary (nonrecurrent) WDLS and with potential relevance for future targeted therapy. Using a high‐resolution (5.0 kb) “single nucleotide polymorphism”/copy number variation microarray to screen the whole genome in a series of primary WDLS, two consistently amplified areas were found on chromosome 12: one region containing the MDM2 and CPM genes, and another region containing the FRS2 gene. Based on these findings, we further validated FRS2 amplification in both WDLS and DDLS. Fluorescence in situ hybridization confirmed FRS2 amplification in all WDLS and DDLS tested (n = 57). Real time PCR showed FRS2 mRNA transcriptional upregulation in WDLS (n = 19) and DDLS (n = 13) but not in lipoma (n = 5) and normal fat (n = 9). Immunoblotting revealed high expression levels of phospho‐FRS2 at Y436 and slightly overexpression of total FRS2 protein in liposarcoma but not in normal fat or preadipocytes. Considering the critical role of FRS2 in mediating fibroblast growth factor receptor signaling, our findings indicate that FRS2 signaling should be further investigated as a potential therapeutic target for liposarcoma. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Dispersion in composite porous medium with homogeneous and heterogeneous chemical reactions
Authors: Prathap Kumar J. , Umavathi J.C. , Madhavarao Shivakumar 
Published: July 2011

AbstractThe effect of homogeneous and heterogeneous reactions on the dispersion of a solute in a composite porous medium between two parallel plates is studied. The solution approach suggested by Taylor [2] is generalized for the present model. The Brinkman model is used to define the flow through the porous medium. The fluids in both the regions of the parallel‐plate channel are incompressible and transport properties are assumed to be constant. The closed‐form solutions are obtained in both the regions of the channel. The results are tabulated for various values of viscosity ratio, pressure gradient, and porous parameter on the volumetric flow rate and the effective Taylor dispersion coefficient. It is found that for a homogeneous chemical reaction, the effective Taylor dispersion coefficient decreases as the reaction rate parameter and porous parameter increase. The validity of the results obtained for a composite porous medium is compared with the available porous medium results for a one‐fluid model and the values tallied for the small values of porous parameter. Also a two‐fluid model in the absence of a porous matrix is compared with the available one‐fluid model and good agreement is found. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heat Trans Asian Res; Published online in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com/journal/htj). DOI 10.1002/htj.20364
Perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances in the environment: Terminology, classification, and origins
Authors: Buck Robert C , Franklin James , Berger Urs , Conder Jason M , Cousins Ian T , de Voogt Pim , Jensen Allan Astrup , Kannan Kurunthachalam , Mabury Scott A , van Leeuwen Stefan PJ 
Published: July 2011

Abstract
The primary aim of this article is to provide an overview of perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) detected in the environment, wildlife, and humans, and recommend clear, specific, and descriptive terminology, names, and acronyms for PFASs. The overarching objective is to unify and harmonize communication on PFASs by offering terminology for use by the global scientific, regulatory, and industrial communities. A particular emphasis is placed on long-chain perfluoroalkyl acids, substances related to the long-chain perfluoroalkyl acids, and substances intended as alternatives to the use of the long-chain perfluoroalkyl acids or their precursors. First, we define PFASs, classify them into various families, and recommend a pragmatic set of common names and acronyms for both the families and their individual members. Terminology related to fluorinated polymers is an important aspect of our classification. Second, we provide a brief description of the 2 main production processes, electrochemical fluorination and telomerization, used for introducing perfluoroalkyl moieties into organic compounds, and we specify the types of byproducts (isomers and homologues) likely to arise in these processes. Third, we show how the principal families of PFASs are interrelated as industrial, environmental, or metabolic precursors or transformation products of one another. We pay particular attention to those PFASs that have the potential to be converted, by abiotic or biotic environmental processes or by human metabolism, into long-chain perfluoroalkyl carboxylic or sulfonic acids, which are currently the focus of regulatory action. The Supplemental Data lists 42 families and subfamilies of PFASs and 268 selected individual compounds, providing recommended names and acronyms, and structural formulas, as well as Chemical Abstracts Service registry numbers. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2011;7:513–541. © 2011 SETAC
Phenotypic plasticity and epithelial‐mesenchymal transitions in cancer and normal stem cells?
Authors: Scheel Christina , Weinberg Robert A. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractCancer stem cells (CSCs) are similar to normal stem cells in their ability to self‐renew and to generate large populations of more differentiated descendants. In contrast to the hierarchical organization that is presumed to be the prevalent mode of normal tissue homeostasis, phenotypic plasticity allows cancer cells to dynamically enter into and exit from stem‐cell states. The epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) has been closely associated with the acquisition of both invasive and stem‐cell properties in cancer cells. Thereby, EMT programs emerge as important regulators of phenotypic plasticity in cancer cells including their entrance into stem‐cell states. Much is still to be learned about the regulation of EMTs through epigenetic mechanisms in cancer cells and the contributions that EMT programs make to normal tissue homeostasis.
Photophysics Applied to Cavitands and Capsules
Authors: Berryman Orion B. , Dube Henry , Rebek Julius 
Published: July 2011

AbstractThe use of light as a stimulus to control functional materials or nano‐devices is appealing, because it provides convenient control of triggering events where and when they are desired without introducing extra components to the system. Many photophysical and photochemical processes are extremely fast, giving rise to nearly instantaneous onset of events. However, these fast processes can be challenging to engineer into chemical systems. Supramolecular chemistry offers a convenient way to study and control photoprocesses. Given the reversible and self‐programmed nature of modern host–guest systems, a modular approach can be considered in which different photoprocesses are coupled to obtain complex functions that emerge and are controlled solely by light inputs. In this review, we highlight recent examples of photoswitching and photophysics applied in the context of supramolecular host–guest systems, with a particular emphasis on resorcinarene‐based cavitands and hydrogen‐bonded capsules.
A comparison of methods using optical coherence tomography to detect demineralized regions in teeth
Authors: Sowa Michael G. , Popescu Dan P. , Friesen Jeri R. , Hewko Mark D. , Choo‐Smith and Lin‐P'ing 
Published: July 2011

AbstractOptical coherence tomography (OCT) is a three‐ dimensional optical imaging technique that can be used to identify areas of early caries formation in dental enamel. The OCT signal at 850 nm back‐reflected from sound enamel is attenuated stronger than the signal back‐reflected from demineralized regions. To quantify this observation, the OCT signal as a function of depth into the enamel (also known as the A‐scan intensity), the histogram of the A‐scan intensities and three summary parameters derived from the A‐scan are defined and their diagnostic potential compared. A total of 754 OCT A‐scans were analyzed. The three summary parameters derived from the A‐scans, the OCT attenuation coefficient as well as the mean and standard deviation of the lognormal fit to the histogram of the A‐scan ensemble show statistically significant differences (p < 0.01) when comparing parameters from sound enamel and caries. Furthermore, these parameters only show a modest correlation. Based on the area under the curve (AUC) of the receiver operating characteristics (ROC) plot, the OCT attenuation coefficient shows higher discriminatory capacity (AUC = 0.98) compared to the parameters derived from the lognormal fit to the histogram of the A‐scan. However, direct analysis of the A‐scans or the histogram of A‐scan intensities using linear support vector machine classification shows diagnostic discrimination (AUC = 0.96) comparable to that achieved using the attenuation coefficient. These findings suggest that either direct analysis of the A‐scan, its intensity histogram or the attenuation coefficient derived from the descending slope of the OCT A‐scan have high capacity to discriminate between regions of caries and sound enamel. (© 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Binding affinity of surface functionalized gold nanoparticles to hydroxyapatite
Authors: Ross Ryan D. , Roeder Ryan K. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractGold nanoparticles (Au NPs) have been investigated for a number of biomedical applications, including drug and gene delivery vehicles, thermal ablation therapy, diagnostic sensors, and imaging contrast agents. Surface functionalization with molecular groups exhibiting calcium affinity can enable targeted delivery of Au NPs to calcified tissue, including damaged bone tissue. Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate the binding affinity of functionalized Au NPs for targeted delivery to bone mineral, using hydroxyapatite (HA) crystals as a synthetic analog in vitro. Au NPs were synthesized to a mean particle size of 10–15 nm and surface functionalized with either L‐glutamic acid, 2‐aminoethylphosphonic acid, or alendronate, which exhibit a primary amine for binding gold opposite carboxylate, phosphonate, or bisphosphonate groups, respectively, for targeting calcium. Bisphosphonate functionalized Au NPs exhibited the most rapid binding kinetics and greatest binding affinity to HA, followed by glutamic acid and phosphonic acid. All functional groups reached complete binding after 24 h. Equilibrium binding constants in de‐ionized water, determined by nonlinear regression of Langmuir isotherms, were 3.40, 0.69, and 0.25 mg/L for bisphosphonate, carboxylate, and phosphonate functionalized Au NPs, respectively. Functionalized Au NPs exhibited lower overall binding in fetal bovine serum compared to de‐ionized water, but relative differences between functional groups were similar. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 99A: 58–66, 2011.
Many‐body exchange‐repulsion in polarizable molecular mechanics. I. orbital‐based approximations and applications to hydrated metal cation complexes
Authors: Chaudret Robin , Gresh Nohad , Parisel Olivier , Piquemal Jean‐Philip 
Published: July 2011

AbstractWe have quantified the extent of the nonadditivity of the short‐range exchange‐repulsion energy, Eexch‐rep, in several polycoordinated complexes of alkali, alkaline‐earth, transition, and metal cations. This was done by performing ab initio energy decomposition analyses of interaction energies in these complexes. The magnitude of Eexch‐rep(n‐body, n > 2) was found to be strongly cation‐dependent, ranging from close to zero for some alkali metal complexes to about 6 kcal/mol for the hexahydrated Zn2+ complex. In all cases, the cation–water molecules, Eexch‐rep(three‐body), has been found to be the dominant contribution to many‐body exchange‐repulsion effects, higher order terms being negligible. As the physical basis of this effect is discussed, a three‐center exponential term was introduced in the SIBFA (Sum of Interactions Between Fragments Ab initio computed) polarizable molecular mechanics procedure to model such effects. The three‐body correction is added to the two‐center (two‐body) overlap‐like formulation of the short‐range repulsion contribution, Erep, which is grounded on simplified integrals obtained from localized molecular orbital theory. The present term is computed on using mostly precomputed two‐body terms and, therefore, does not increase significantly the computational cost of the method. It was shown to match closely Ethree‐body in a series of test cases bearing on the complexes of Ca2+, Zn2+, and Hg2+. For example, its introduction enabled to restore the correct tetrahedral versus square planar preference found from quantum chemistry calculations on the tetrahydrate of Hg2+ and [Hg(H2O)4]2+. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Chem, 2011
Comparison between self‐guided Langevin dynamics and molecular dynamics simulations for structure refinement of protein loop conformations
Authors: Olson Mark A. , Chaudhury Sidhartha , Lee Michael S. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractThis article presents a comparative analysis of two replica‐exchange simulation methods for the structure refinement of protein loop conformations, starting from low‐resolution predictions. The methods are self‐guided Langevin dynamics (SGLD) and molecular dynamics (MD) with a Nosé–Hoover thermostat. We investigated a small dataset of 8‐ and 12‐residue loops, with the shorter loops placed initially from a coarse‐grained lattice model and the longer loops from an enumeration assembly method (the Loopy program). The CHARMM22 + CMAP force field with a generalized Born implicit solvent model (molecular‐surface parameterized GBSW2) was used to explore conformational space. We also assessed two empirical scoring methods to detect nativelike conformations from decoys: the all‐atom distance‐scaled ideal‐gas reference state (DFIRE‐AA) statistical potential and the Rosetta energy function. Among the eight‐residue loop targets, SGLD out performed MD in all cases, with a median of 0.48 Å reduction in global root‐mean‐square deviation (RMSD) of the loop backbone coordinates from the native structure. Among the more challenging 12‐residue loop targets, SGLD improved the prediction accuracy over MD by a median of 1.31 Å, representing a substantial improvement. The overall median RMSD for SGLD simulations of 12‐residue loops was 0.91 Å, yielding refinement of a median 2.70 Å from initial loop placement. Results from DFIRE‐AA and the Rosetta model applied to rescoring conformations failed to improve the overall detection calculated from the CHARMM force field. We illustrate the advantage of SGLD over the MD simulation model by presenting potential‐energy landscapes for several loop predictions. Our results demonstrate that SGLD significantly outperforms traditional MD in the generation and populating of nativelike loop conformations and that the CHARMM force field performs comparably to other empirical force fields in identifying these conformations from the resulting ensembles. Published 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Chem, 2011
Extracellular matrix deposited by synovium‐derived stem cells delays replicative senescent chondrocyte dedifferentiation and enhances redifferentiation
Authors: Pei Ming , He Fan 
Published: July 2011

AbstractThe aim of this study was to assess the effect of extracellular matrix (ECM) deposited by synovium‐derived stem cells (SDSCs) on articular chondrocyte expansion and maintenance of differentiation status and redifferentiation capacity. Passage 0 (P0) pig articular chondrocytes were expanded for six passages on plastic flasks (Plastic), SDSC‐derived ECM (ECM), or substrate switching from either Plastic to ECM (PtoE) or ECM to Plastic (EtoP). Cell morphology, gene expression profiles, and immunophenotypes at each passage were used to characterize differentiation status of expanded cells. Chondrocytes at P0, P2, and P6 were assessed for redifferentiation capacity in a pellet culture system treated with either TGF‐β1‐ or serum‐containing medium for 14 days, using histology, immunohistochemistry, biochemistry, Western blot, and real‐time PCR. We found that ECM not only greatly enhanced chondrocyte expansion but also delayed dedifferentiation of expanded chondrocytes. Intriguingly, compared to a dramatic decrease in CD90+/CD105+ cells and CD90+ cells, CD105+ cells dramatically increased when chondrocytes were plated on Plastic; on the contrary, ECM expansion dramatically increased CD90+ cells and delayed the decrease of CD90+/CD105+ cells. Interestingly, expanded chondrocytes on ECM also acquired a strong redifferentiation capacity, particularly in the pellets treated with TGF‐β1. In conclusion, the ratio of CD90 to CD105 may serve as a marker indicative of proliferation and redifferentiation capacity of dedifferentiated chondrocytes. ECM deposited by SDSCs provides a tissue‐specific three‐dimensional microenvironment for ex vivo expansion of articular chondrocytes while retaining redifferentiation capacity, suggesting that ECM may provide a novel approach for autologous chondrocyte‐based cartilage repair. J. Cell. Physiol. 227: 2163–2174, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The inflammatory response of keratinocytes and its modulation by vitamin D: The role of MAPK signaling pathways
Authors: Miodovnik Mor , Koren Ruth , Ziv Esther , Ravid Amiram 
Published: July 2011

AbstractThe hormonal form of vitamin D, calcitriol, and its analogs are known for their beneficial effect in the treatment of inflammatory skin disorders. Keratinocytes play a role in epidermal inflammatory responses invoked by breeching of the epidermal barrier, by infectious agents and by infiltrating immune cells. We studied the role of calcitriol in the initiation of keratinocyte inflammatory response by the viral and injury mimic polyinosinic‐polycytidylic acid (poly(I:C)) and in its maintenance by tumor‐necrosis‐factor α (TNFα) and investigated the role of the mitogen‐activated protein kinase cascades in these processes and their regulation by calcitriol. The inflammatory response of human HaCaT keratinocytes to poly(I:C) or TNFα was assessed by measuring mRNA levels of 13 inflammation‐related molecules by real‐time PCR microarray and by in‐depth investigation of the regulation of interleukin 8, intercellular‐adhesion‐molecule 1, and TNFα expression. We found that while calcitriol had only a minor effect on the keratinocyte response to poly(I:C) and a modest effect on the early response (2 h) to TNFα, it markedly attenuated the later response (16–24 h) to TNFα. The expression of CYP27B1, the enzyme responsible for calcitriol production, was marginally increased by poly(I:C) and markedly by TNFα treatment. This pattern suggests that while allowing the initial keratinocyte inflammatory response to proceed, calcitriol contributes to its timely resolution. Using pharmacological inhibitors we found that while the p38 MAPK and the extracellular signal‐regulated kinase have only a minor role, c‐Jun N‐terminal kinase plays a pivotal role in the induction of the pro‐inflammatory genes and its modulation by calcitriol. J. Cell. Physiol. 227: 2175–2183, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The novel insights into spatiotemporal cell biology and its schematic frame, triple W
Authors: Hou Yingchun , Hou Yang , He Siyu , Xing Ruihuan 
Published: July 2011

AbstractNumerous research results have suggested that the events occurred in a selected cell target and the fates of the cells are spatiotemporally regulated. It has been paying much attention to study the cell events with spatiotemporal proposal designation and analysis. We have been tracking and thinking the new scientific area for many years. Spatiotemporal cell biology and its schematic frame, triple W (when, where, which), are systemically introduced in this study. The triple W under pathological conditions is also discussed. J. Cell. Physiol. 227: 1787–1790, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.