bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Erfolgsfaktor Qualität in der Pharmaforschung
Authors: Kramer Peter‐Jürgen , Kgaa Merck , Pohl Barbara 
Published: December 2010

AbstractEin Qualitätsmanagementsystem in der präklinischen Forschung hilft dabei, Ressourcen optimal zu nutzen. 2005 hat Merck ein solches System in Kraft gesetzt, bis Ende 2006 soll es vollständig implementiert sein.
Hochdurchsatz‐Kristallisation von Proteinen
Authors: Honisch Ulrike , Gottschlich Norbert , Jehle Heinrich 
Published: December 2010

AbstractErster Schritt bei der Strukturaufklärung von Proteinen mit Röntgenstrukturanalyse ist die Züchtung von Proteinkristallen. Hochdurchsatz‐Techniken sowie spezialisierte Mikroplatten tragen entscheidend dazu bei, sowohl den zeitlichen als auch den finanziellen Aufwand zu reduzieren.
Mehrstufige Enzymprozesse in Graz
Authors: Griengl Herfried , Kroutil Wolfgang 
Published: December 2010

AbstractEine Gesamtschau der komplexen Transformationen in der industriellen Biotechnologie hatte sich das Symposium „Multistep Enzyme Catalysed Processes”︁ zum Ziel gesetzt, das Mitte April in Graz stattfand. Etwa 200 Teilnehmer aus Hochschule und Industrie, darunter zahlreiche aus nichteuropäischen Ländern, waren dem Ruf der Organisatoren, dem Kompetenzzentrum Angewandte Biokatalyse in Graz und der Section of Applied Biocatalysis (ESAB) der European Federation of Biotechnology (EFB) gefolgt. 32 Vorträge und 80 Poster deckten den breiten Themenbereich ab.
Fluoreszierende Proteine zeigen den Weg durch die Zelle
Authors: Michaelis Jens , Ruthardt Nadia , Sterzel Eva 
Published: December 2010

AbstractDie Fluoreszenzmikroskopie ist heute in der Lage, die Dynamik einzelner Biomoleküle zu verfolgen. Fluoreszierende Proteine machen Transportprozesse in lebenden Zellen sichtbar.
Radical Polymerization: Kinetics and Mechanism
Authors: Braun Dietrich 
Published: December 2010

AbstractIm September fand in Il Ciocco in den Bergen der Toskana das vierte „International Symposium on Free‐Radical Polymerization”︁ statt. Zu der von Michael Buback, Göttingen, und Alex M. van Herk, Eindhoven, vorbereiteten Tagung waren aus insgesamt 25 Ländern etwa 180 Teilnehmer, davon etwa 30 aus der Industrie, gekommen.
42. Symposium für Theoretische Chemie
Authors: Heine Thomas 
Published: December 2010

AbstractQuantum Chemistry – Methods and Applications war das Thema des 42. Symposiums für Theoretische Chemie (STC), das im September in Erkner bei Berlin stattfand. 280 Theoretiker aus 20 Ländern nahmen teil; mit Englisch als Konferenzsprache hat die Konferenz auch international an Anziehungskraft gewonnen.
Efficient block preconditioners for the coupled equations of pressure and deformation in highly discontinuous media
Authors: Haga Joachim Berdal , Osnes Harald , Langtangen Hans Petter 
Published: December 2010

SUMMARYLarge‐scale simulations of flow in deformable porous media require efficient iterative methods for solving the involved systems of linear algebraic equations. Construction of efficient iterative methods is particularly challenging in problems with large jumps in material properties, which is often the case in geological applications, such as basin evolution at regional scales. The success of iterative methods for this type of problems depends strongly on finding effective preconditioners. This paper investigates how the block‐structured matrix system arising from single‐phase flow in elastic porous media should be preconditioned, in particular for highly discontinuous permeability and significant jumps in elastic properties. The most promising preconditioner combines algebraic multigrid with a Schur complement‐based exact block decomposition. The paper compares numerous block preconditioners with the aim of providing guidelines on how to formulate efficient preconditioners. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Development of the fogg intent‐to‐screen for HIV (ITS HIV) questionnaire
Authors: Fogg Catherine J. , Mawn Barbara Ellen , Porell Frank 
Published: December 2010

AbstractIn this paper, we describe the development and psychometric properties of the Fogg Intent‐to‐Screen for HIV questionnaire (ITS HIV), which measures peoples' beliefs and intentions toward HIV screening. The ITS HIV was developed using the Theory of Planned Behavior as the framework for a developmental process that included qualitative interviews, a validation phase, two pilot tests, and a field test of the final 55‐item questionnaire. The field test involved 312 homeless persons from five New England states. Cronbach alphas of the direct measures scales ranged from .72 to .90. Findings from a path analysis verified the construct validity. The psychometric estimates from these analyses suggest the ITS HIV questionnaire is appropriate for use in clinical practice or to evaluate the effectiveness of interventions. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Res Nurs Health 34:73–84, 2011
The use of functionalized nanoparticles as non‐specific compatibilizers for polymer blends
Authors: Zhang W. , Lin M. , Winesett A. , Dhez O. , Kilcoyne A. LD. , Ade H. , Rubinstein M. , Shafi K. V. P. M. , Ulman A. , Gersappe D. , Tenne R. , Rafailovich M. , Sokolov J. , Frisch H. L. 
Published: December 2010

AbstractThe ability to form blends of polymers offers the opportunity of creating a new class of materials with enhanced properties. In addition to the polymer components, recent advances in nanoengineering have resulted in the development of nanosized inorganic particles that can be used to improve the properties of the blend, such as the flammability and the mechanical properties. While traditional methods using copolymer compatibilizers have been used to strengthen polymer blends, here, we show that the inorganic nanosized filler additive can also serve as a compatibilizer as it can localize to the interface between the polymers. We use experimental and theoretical studies to show the fundamental mechanisms by which inorganic fillers with large aspect ratio and at least one‐dimension in the nanometer range, can act as non‐specific compatibilizers for polymer blends. We examine a series of nanosized fillers, ranging from nanotubes to nanoclays (with varying aspect ratios) in a model polystyrene (PS)/poly(methylmethacyralate) (PMMA) blend. Using a number of experimental techniques such as transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning tunneling X‐ray microscopy (STXM), and atomic force microscopy (AFM) we postulate that the mechanism of compatibilization occurs as a result of the fillers forming in situ grafts with the immiscible polymers. We also use theoretical studies to show that the aspect ratio and the bending energy of the fillers play a key role in the compatibilization process. Our results indicate that the compatibilization is a general phenomenon, which should occur with all large aspect ratio nanofiller additives to polymer blends. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Reversible Fanconi syndrome in a pediatric patient on deferasirox
Authors: Rheault Michelle N. , Bechtel Heather , Neglia Joseph P. , Kashtan Clifford E. 
Published: December 2010

AbstractDeferasirox (Exjade®, Novartis) is a widely used oral iron chelator for the treatment of patients with iron overload due to chronic transfusion therapy for diseases such as β‐thalassemia and sickle cell disease. Renal side effects of deferasirox are common and include non‐progressive increases in serum creatinine, however, the effect of deferasirox on proximal tubule function is unclear. We report one pediatric patient with reversible Fanconi syndrome associated with long‐term deferasirox therapy and one patient with mild proximal tubular dysfunction. Kidney and proximal tubular function should be periodically monitored in patients receiving deferasirox throughout their course of therapy. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2011;56:674–676. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The Association of British Clinical Diabetologists: recommendations following suspension of rosiglitazone (Avandia)
Authors: Goenka Niru , Roberts Aled , Rowles Susannah , Ryder Bob , Winocour Peter 
Published: December 2010

Abstract

For all new prescriptions of thiazolidinediones, pioglitazone must be used

Patients already taking rosiglitazone should have a medication review in order to consider alternative therapy

Replacement therapy should be tailored according to the clinical needs of the individual patient and should be in line with existing NICE guidance when possible.

Those patients whose glycaemic control requires consideration of alternatives to sulphonylureas and metformin should have an assessment of cardiovascular risk status, heart failure, osteoporosis fracture risk, weight, hepatic and renal function, hypoglycaemia and pancreatitis risk

Patients already taking rosiglitazone who do not wish to change to alternative therapy should be advised that it is not possible to continue rosiglitazone as this therapy has been suspended and will be withdrawn

Prior evidence of heart failure or impairment of left ventricular function remains a strict contraindication for the use of any thiazolidinediones. Osteoporosis and previous fracture may also be considered a contraindication to a thiazolidinedione
Controlling the Spatial Distribution of Polymer Surface Treatment Using Atmospheric‐Pressure Microplasma Jets
Authors: Szili Endre J. , Al‐Bataineh Sameer A. , Bryant Paul M. , Short Robert D. , Bradley James W. , Steele David A. 
Published: December 2010

AbstractThis report addresses the challenge of using microplasma jets to modify surfaces with precise chemistries over exact areas. We explore how different treatment conditions (time and distance) and operational parameters (voltage and frequency) influence the spatial modification of a model polymer (polystyrene) in terms of size, degree and nature of the surface modification. At 4.5 kVpk–pk, the visible glow of the microplasma jet was confined to within the capillary tube (tube inner diameter = 0.7 mm) and resulted in a narrower area of treatment compared to when the visible glow extended 3 mm into the ambient atmosphere at 8.0 kVpk–pk. Short treatment times of 15 s or less, longer capillary tube‐sample separation distances of several mm and lower frequencies of 5–10 kHz were also required to reduce expansion of treatment. Low concentrations of carboxylates (<1.5%) incorporated into the surface layer were indicative of ‘stable’ surfaces resistant to washing. The optimised parameters were then applied to produce smaller treated areas of 200 µm in diameter using a 142 µm inner diameter capillary tube microplasma jet assembly. In summary, this study provides an insight into how spatial surface modifications can be controlled using atmospheric‐pressure microplasma jets. magnified image
Cardiovascular proteomics: Translational studies to develop novel biomarkers in heart failure and left ventricular remodeling
Authors: Dubois Emilie , Fertin Marie , Burdese Justine , Amouyel Philippe , Bauters Christophe , Pinet Florence 
Published: December 2010

AbstractHeart failure (HF) remains a severe disease with a poor prognosis. HF biomarkers may include demographic features, cardiac imaging, or genetic polymorphisms but this term is commonly applied to circulating serum or plasma analytes. Biomarkers may have at least three clinical uses in the context of HF: diagnosis, risk stratification, and guidance in the selection of therapy. Proteomic studies on HF biomarkers can be designed as case/control using clinical endpoints; alternatively, left ventricular remodeling can be used as a surrogate endpoint. The type of samples (tissue, cells, serum or plasma) used for proteomic analysis is a key factor in the research of biomarkers. Since the final aim is the discovery of circulating biomarkers, and since plasma and serum samples are easily accessible, proteomic analysis is frequently used for blood samples. However, standardization of sampling and access to low‐abundance proteins remains problematic. Although, proteomics is playing a major role in the discovery phase of biomarkers, validation in independent populations is necessary by using more specific methods. The knowledge of new HF biomarkers may allow a more personalized medicine in the future.
Anti‐angiogenic effects and mechanism of prazosin
Authors: Liao Chun‐Hou , Guh Jih‐Hwa , Chueh Shih‐Chieh , Yu Hong‐Jeng 
Published: December 2010

AbstractBACKGROUNDAlpha1‐adrenoceptors antagonists (doxazosin, terazosin, prazosin) are commonly prescribed for benign prostate hyperplasia and hypertension. Doxazosin and terazosin exhibit anti‐angiogenic effects and apoptotic activities against multiple cell types and are potential preventive agents for prostate cancer. Prazosin induces apoptosis in three prostate cancer cell lines. We hypothesized that prazosin, a more potent alpha1‐adrenoceptor antagonist with a distinct mechanism, exhibits anti‐angiogenic activity.METHODSWe examined the effect of prazosin on growth and tube formation of human umbilical vascular endothelial cells (HUVECs). We used flow cytometry to assess the effect of prazosin on cell cycle progression and Western blotting to assess its effect on the expression of various apoptotic proteins.RESULTSPrazosin inhibited the growth of HUVEC with an IC50 of 6.53 µM and suppressed tube formation in a dose‐dependent manner. Unlike prostate cancer cells, prazosin did not arrest cell cycle progression at the G2/M checkpoint. We used rhodamine 123 staining to show that prazosin (20 µM) treatment induced a loss of mitochondrial membrane potential by 12 hr. Prazosin treatment of HUVECs resulted in reduced MCL‐1 expression, increased Bad, and Bcl‐xL expression, cytochrome c release, and induction of apoptosis via the intrinsic apoptosis pathway. Prazosin induced apoptosis in prostate cancer cells and normal HUVEC cells via different mechanisms.CONCLUSIONSThese data suggest that prazosin exhibits anti‐angiogenic activity and differentially modulates apoptotic pathways depending on the cell type. Prostate 71: 976–984, 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Alternatives to simply forgiving and forgetting: Comparing techniques in hypnosis, NLP and time line therapy™ in reducing the intensity of memories of stressful events
Authors: Bin Ahmad Kamarul Zaman 
Published: December 2010

Abstract‘Forgive and forget’ is a commonly prescribed way of reducing the intensity of negative emotions attached to memories of stressful events. Many people, however, are not able to simply forgive and forget. This research looks at the effectiveness of the alternative techniques of Hypnosis, Neuro Linguistic Programming and Time Line Therapy™ as means of reducing the intensity of negative emotions attached to memories of stressful events. This experimental research involved 32 test subjects and 32 control group subjects. Statistical t‐tests revealed that with the test group, there were significant reductions in intensity levels of negative emotions after undergoing the procedures compared with before, with all three methods. There were no significant changes in the control group. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Mitigation of wind‐induced response of Shanghai Center Tower by tuned mass damper
Authors: Lu Xilin , Chen Junru 
Published: December 2010

AbstractWith a height of 632 m, the Shanghai Center Tower, located in Lujiazui district of Shanghai, will be the highest building in China. A tuned mass damper (TMD) system will be set in the upper part of the tower to control the structural wind‐induced response. A brief description of fluctuating wind speed simulation is given first. Secondly, analysis of along‐wind response of the Shanghai Center Tower was carried out in frequency domain and time domain, through which the wind‐induced vibrating comfort of the Shanghai Center Tower and the TMD control performance can be evaluated. Then, the approach that a TMD is installed in the upper part of structure to control the structural wind‐induced response and to increase resident comfort of super high‐rise building proves to be effective through the analysis results. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Performance of industrial facilities in the Chilean earthquake of 27 February 2010
Authors: Cruz Ernesto F. , Valdivia Dania 
Published: December 2010

AbstractA sample of the effects of the Chile earthquake of 27 February 2010 in industrial structures is presented. A collection of pictures taken throughout the affected area are used to show examples of the typical damage observed. The causes of the damage are not studied in detail, but basic observations are provided. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The global reach of zoos and aquariums in visitor numbers and conservation expenditures
Authors: Gusset Markus , Dick Gerald 
Published: December 2010

AbstractA survey conducted by the World Association of Zoos and Aquariums, in collaboration with national and regional zoo and aquarium associations, showed that annually more than 700 million people visit zoos and aquariums worldwide and are thus potentially exposed to environmental education. Furthermore, the world zoo and aquarium community reportedly spends about US$350 million on wildlife conservation each year. Therefore, the world zoo and aquarium community has the potential to play an important role in both environmental education and wildlife conservation. Systematic reviews are encouraged to provide further evidence for the effectiveness of zoos and aquariums as centers of education and conservation. Zoo Biol 30:566–569, 2011. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Effect of an increase in environmental temperature on testicular androgenesis and spermatogenesis in toad (Bufo melanostictus) during hibernating season
Authors: Parua (Mondal) Saswati , Debnath, Jogendra Mohan , Ghosh Debidas 
Published: December 2010

AbstractActivities of key testicular androgenic enzymes [Δ5, 3β‐hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (Δ5, 3β‐HSD) and 17β‐hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (17β‐HSD)], plasma levels of testosterone, and testicular gametogenic activities were studied in heat‐exposed adult male toads during hibernating season for two consecutive years. Exposure of toads to an elevated environmental temperature for 14 and 21 days resulted in significant elevation of testicular Δ5, 3β‐HSD and 17β‐HSD activities, along with plasma levels of testosterone. Testicular gametogenic activity, by means of quantity of all stages of spermatogenic cycle, were elevated significantly at the same experimental schedule, but 7 days of heat exposure resulted in significant elevation only in stage IV. The results indicated that environmental temperature is an important modulator of breeding activities of male toads. It also demonstrated that testicular activities in seasonally breeding toads are probably not linked to hibernating cycle. Zoo Biol 30:681–688, 2011. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Oral bioavailability of ATP after prolonged administration
Authors: Coolen Erik J. C. M. , Arts Ilja C. W. , Bekers Otto , Vervaet Chris , Bast Aalt , Dagnelie Pieter C. 
Published: December 2010

Purinergic receptors are important for the regulation of inflammation, muscle contraction, neurotransmission and nociception. Extracellular ATP and its metabolites are the main ligands for these receptors. Occasional reports on beneficial results of ATP administration in human and animal studies have suggested the bioavailability of oral ATP supplements. We investigated whether prolonged daily intake of oral ATP is indeed bioavailable. Thirty-two healthy subjects were randomised to receive 0, 250, 1250 or 5000 mg ATP per d for 28 d by means of enteric-coated pellets. In addition, on days 0 and 28, all thirty-two subjects received 5000 mg ATP to determine whether prolonged administration would induce adaptations in the bioavailability of ATP. ATP supplementation for 4 weeks did not lead to changes in blood or plasma ATP concentrations. Of all ATP metabolites, only plasma uric acid levels increased significantly after the administration of 5000 mg of ATP. Prolonged administration of ATP was safe as evidenced from liver and kidney parameters. We conclude that oral administration of ATP only resulted in increased uric acid concentrations. On the basis of these findings, we seriously question the claimed efficacy of oral ATP at dosages even lower than that used in the present study.
Supplementation with a low–moderate dose ofn-3 long-chain PUFA has no short-term effect on bone resorption in human adults
Authors: Appleton K. M. , Fraser W. D. , Rogers P. J. , Ness A. R. , Tobias J. H. 
Published: December 2010

Previous research suggests thatn-3 PUFA may play a role in bone health. The present analysis aimed to investigate the impact ofn-3 PUFA supplementation on bone resorption in adult men and women. Serum samples from 113 mild–moderately depressed individuals (twenty-six males and eighty-seven females, aged 18–67 years) randomised to receive 1·48 g EPA+DHA/d (n53) or placebo (n60) for 12 weeks as part of a large recent randomised controlled trial were assayed forn-3 PUFA status and a bone resorption marker, C-terminal cross-linking telopeptide of type 1 collagen (β-CTX). Regression analyses revealed thatn-3 PUFA status following supplementation was associated with randomisation (placebo/n-3 PUFA) (B = 3·25, 95 % CI 2·60, 3·91,P < 0·01). However, β-CTX status following supplementation was not associated with randomisation (B = − 0·01, 95 % CI − 0·03, 0·04). Change in β-CTX status was also not associated with change inn-3 PUFA status (B = − 0·002, 95 % CI − 0·01, 0·01). These findings provide no evidence for an association betweenn-3 PUFA supplementation (1·48 g EPA+DHA/d) for 12 weeks and bone resorption in humans assessed by β-CTX, and suggest thatn-3 PUFA supplementation may be unlikely to be of benefit in preventing bone loss.
BLANC: Implementing the Rand index for coreference evaluation
Authors: RECASENS M. , HOVY E. 
Published: December 2010

AbstractThis paper addresses the current state of coreference resolution evaluation, in which different measures (notably, MUC, B3, CEAF, and ACE-value) are applied in different studies. None of them is fully adequate, and their measures are not commensurate. We enumerate the desiderata for a coreference scoring measure, discuss the strong and weak points of the existing measures, and propose the BiLateral Assessment of Noun-Phrase Coreference, a variation of the Rand index created to suit the coreference task. The BiLateral Assessment of Noun-Phrase Coreference rewards both coreference and non-coreference links by averaging the F-scores of the two types, does not ignore singletons – the main problem with the MUC score – and does not inflate the score in their presence – a problem with the B3 and CEAF scores. In addition, its fine granularity is consistent over the whole range of scores and affords better discrimination between systems.