bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The hospital safety coordinator as “practical author”
Authors: Lentz Paula , Lauver Kristy , Johs‐Artisensi Jennifer 
Published: May 2010

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate how one hospital safety coordinator socially constructs a complete environment of care. Specifically, it applies Shotter's “practical author” framework to examine the author‐response interaction between the safety coordinator and other mid‐level supervisors.Design/methodology/approachQualitative methodology is employed to examine this authorship. Data include printed materials employees receive upon hire, an observation of an environment of care orientation presentation, and semi‐structured interviews with the safety coordinator and mid‐level supervisors.FindingsThe paper reveals how the safety coordinator uses a variety of rhetorical strategies to balance the tensions between mandating compliance with environment of care requirements and facilitating buy‐in to the idea of compliance as a moral and ethical imperative. This creates an ethos among the employees where they feel authorized to go beyond the requirements and act on their own to construct a safer culture.Research limitations/implicationsThe paper has multiple practical and theoretical implications that may be useful to health care and other organizations when examining the broader need for a complete, supportive environment where employees not only comply with but actually live and believe in the values of their organizations' cultures. A limitation is that employee perspective and behavior are primarily inferred based on supervisor reports.Originality/valueThe paper extends theory on communication and developing organizational environments and provides practical application possibilities for organizations.
Banking supervision and nonperforming loans: a cross‐country analysis
Authors: Boudriga Abdelkader , Boulila Taktak Neila , Jellouli Sana 
Published: May 2010

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to empirically analyse the cross‐countries determinants of nonperforming loans (NPLs), the potential impact of supervisory devices, and institutional environment on credit risk exposure.Design/methodology/approachThe paper employs aggregate banking, financial, economic, and legal environment data for a panel of 59 countries over the period 2002‐2006. It develops a comprehensive model to explain differences in the level of NPLs between countries. To assess the role of regulatory supervision on credit risk, the paper uses several interactions between institutional features and regulatory devices.FindingsThe empirical results indicate that higher capital adequacy ratio (CAR) and prudent provisioning policy seems to reduce the level of problem loans. The paper also reports a desirable impact of private ownership, foreign participation, and bank concentration. However, the findings do not support the view that market discipline leads to better economic outcomes. All regulatory devices do not significantly reduce problem loans for countries with weak institutions, corrupt environment, and little democracy. Finally, the paper shows that the effective way to reduce bad loans is through strengthening the legal system and increasing transparency and democracy, rather than focusing on regulatory and supervisory issues.Practical implicationsFirst, higher CARs results in less credit exposures. Second, international regulators should continue their efforts to enhance financial development. The results suggest that foreign participation plays an important role in reducing credit exposure of financial institutions. However, in developed countries, foreign entry led to more problem loans. Finally, to reduce credit risk exposure in countries with weak institutions, the effective way to do it is through enhancing the legal system, strengthening institutions, and increasing transparency and democracy.Originality/valueThe paper contributes to the literature on banking regulation and supervision. It examines aggregated data which best reflect the level of NPL of the banks in a country as opposed to individual data included in databases that suffer from the problem of representativeness. It considers the impact of regulatory variables after controlling for bank industry factors that alter primarily problem loans. Finally, the paper examines the effectiveness of regulation through the inclusion of institutional factors.
The Fed and the ECB: why such an apparent difference in reactivity?
Authors: Penot Alexis , Levieuge Grégory 
Published: May 2010

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to try to understand the reasons for the differences in amplitude of monetary policy (MP) rate cycles in the USA and the euro area. Among the different candidates, the paper aims to test the role of economic structures, macroeconomic shocks, and MP behaviour.Design/methodology/approachThe paper starts by estimating vector autoregressive models both for the USA and the euro area to identify the economic structures, the MP rules, and the macroeconomics shocks of both areas. Then, it runs counterfactual simulations (by injecting European Central Bank's (ECB) monetary rule in the US model for example) to examine which factors had the most significant impact on differences in MP activism (measured by the variance of interest rates).FindingsThe paper finds that differences implied by MP rules alone cannot explain the dissimilarity of interest rates paths. In the same way, while cyclical shocks are different in each area, they do not suffice to explain the factual divergences. Finally, it is the structural dissimilarities which essentially explain the difference in interest rate variances.Originality/valueThe paper brings new informations on a controversial issue and it tends to reject the official explanations given by ECB's governor who points out differences in shocks.
Optimal monetary policy under heterogeneity in currency trade
Authors: Bask Mikael 
Published: May 2010

PurposeQuestionnaire surveys made at currency markets around the world reveal that currency trade to a large extent not only is determined by an economy's performance or expected performance. Indeed, a fraction is guided by technical trading, which means that past exchange rates are assumed to provide information about future exchange rate movements. The purpose of this paper is to ask how a successful monetary policy should be designed when technical trading in the form of trend following is used in currency trading.Design/methodology/approachThe paper embeds an optimal policy rule into Galí and Monacelli's dynamic stochastic general equilibrium (DSGE) model for a small open economy, which is augmented with trend following in currency trading, to examine the prerequisites for a successful monetary policy. Specifically, the conditions for a determinate rational expectations equilibrium (REE) that also is stable under least squares learning are in focus. The paper also computes impulse‐response functions for key variables to study how the economy returns to steady state after being hit by a shock.FindingsThe paper finds that a determinate REE that also is stable under least squares learning often is the outcome when there is a limited amount of trend following in currency trading, but that a more flexible inflation rate targeting in monetary policy sometimes cause an indeterminate REE in the economy. Thus, strict, or almost strict, inflation rate targeting in monetary policy is recommended also when there is technical trading in currency trading and not only when all currency trading is guided by fundamental analysis (in the form of rational expectations). This result is a new result in the literature.Originality/valueThere are already models in the literature on monetary policy design that incorporate technical trading in currency trading into an otherwise standard DSGE model. There is also a huge amount of DSGE models in the literature in which monetary policy is optimal. However, the model in this paper is the first model, to the best of the author's knowledge, where technical trading in currency trading and optimal monetary policy are combined in the same DSGE model.
Corporations and the third sector: responsible marriages at last?
Authors: Baraka Dwayne 
Published: May 2010

PurposeCorporate social responsibility (“CSR”) and its themes have taken root across the globe in the last 25 years. Corporations have generally responded by either embracing CSR as an important tool for productivity and value‐creation or by adapting to the changed and changing business environment caused by CSR. The third sector has a complex set of relationships with CSR, at times exhibiting tension about the changing role of corporations as a result of CSR. This paper seeks to show how conceptions of the value of CSR by corporations and third sector (CTS) organisations affect the nature and outcome of interactions between them.Design/methodology/approachThe paper provides a framework to assist in explicating the standpoint of an entity and its likely engagement with others in relation to CSR. The framework is used to compared CSR motivations across CTS organisations in order to show where those motivations and orientations are compatible or in conflict.FindingsThe paper finds that CTS organisations may be able to better predict the likelihood of success before engaging with a partner.Research limitations/implicationsThe frameworks identified will provide a basis for further research in relation to the pre‐engagement phase of corporate and third sector organisations partners.Practical implicationsThe paper will help practitioners and corporations engaging in CSR and those in the third sector seeking engagement to find mutually beneficial grounds for a sustainable relationship.Originality/valueThere is growing concern among those who need to manage the relationship to find better terms of engagement. However, ground is largely unexplored.
Globally fit leadership: four steps forward
Authors: Smith Jonathan , Rayment John 
Published: May 2010

PurposeBusinesses operate in a world facing a range of urgent global issues (UGIs). Unless an effective response is made in the near future, extremely damaging consequences are forecast. The purpose of this paper is to offer assistance to business leaders in balancing the short‐term local pressures with the long‐term global demands from these urgent issues.Design/methodology/approachThe paper offers proposals for four initial steps that can be considered by leaders for responding effectively to this global crisis.FindingsFour initial steps are proposed, and these steps are interconnected. The proposal includes a new conceptualisation of fitness and highlights the need for leadership fitness to responding effectively to this global crisis.Practical implicationsThe paper offers powerful reasons why business leaders have to engage more fully with global issues and proposes four pragmatic initial steps that will enable them to do this effectively.Social implicationsThe paper will encourage business leaders to engage more with resolving UGIs, which may ultimately save our planet.Originality/valueThe paper provides an original and valuable contribution through the combination of the four initial steps that are proposed for moving towards a resolution of these UGIs.
A Chomskyan approach to responsible critical management education
Authors: Rabasso Carlos A. , Rabasso Javier 
Published: May 2010

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to tackle some of the concepts and ideas that the intellectual and business community can learn from Chomsky's thinking in relation with a new global responsible management education environment. The first part of the work will present some of the key elements about Chomsky and education that the authors would like to emphasize. These are relating management education, critical thinking, and systems theory in the twenty‐first century business milieu.Design/methodology/approachAn insight on post‐colonial theory and education will, afterwards, incorporate the hermeneutical tradition into the mainframe of critical thinking theory. The paper incorporates a decentred approach to education questioning presuppositions and moral values from “fundamentalist market theory.” Cultural studies and non‐western thinkers in this field are another important contribution to back up Chomsky's ideas on business and education.FindingsWhen the paper relates social and economic performance concepts to critical thinking business education some questions arise about how to improve the responsible perception and understanding of the global environments and how the authors have to rethink education in a competitive profit‐oriented business community. The ideas of Chomsky can help them to deal with these issues departing from his political vision and his thinking on university education.Research limitations/implicationsCritical management has been questioning in the last years different management models to put forward a responsible paradigm for business organizations and educational institutions. Post‐colonial theory has been another important intellectual ground for critical thinking in the business educational environment, opening up the debate about how to reconcile performance and responsible practices.Practical implicationsChomsky's committed political views open up the way for many educational institutions and business organizations to become responsible in a technological business environment severely damaged by greed and personal interest. Management schools will have learned from his contributions and the actions of many international organizations engaged in changing for the better attitudes and material values in favour of management for globally responsible practices and the construction of new learning objectives.Originality/valueIn business studies, comparative, critical, cross‐cultural, and diversity management many scholars have been dealing with some of the subjects of serious concern by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology leftist professor presented in this study. The paper has to take into consideration a transversal approach of business education in relation to the concept of cross‐cultural performance, already developed in the work on cross‐cultural and diversity management.
Political advocacy or electronic advocacy?
Authors: Laratta Rosario 
Published: May 2010

PurposeThe purpose of this exploratory paper is to examine how affiliates of a Japanese Social Welfare Corporation, a national nonprofit organization (NPO) which provides services for social improvement, have utilized electronic techniques for advocacy purposes and explores the factors that identify those organizations which are likely to be most successful at adopting this resource.Design/methodology/approachThe total number of affiliates investigated was 320, representing the entire country. For these affiliates, advocacy was part of their mission statement. A survey was conducted among representatives of these affiliates.FindingsThree crucial explanatory factors in differentiating those affiliates that adopt new techniques from those that do not were identified. These are: “perceived time spent on government accountability demands,” “use of professionals,” and “perceived effectiveness.” Furthermore, by showing that time spent by nonprofit affiliates on government accountability demands reduces the time available to them for learning how to implement electronic techniques for advocacy purposes, the empirical results suggest that Japanese NPOs are put under pressure by statutory accountability demands and, consequently, their advocacy practice (as one of the most important mission‐based activities within the nonprofit sector) is being jeopardized.Practical implicationsThis research will help state and local government policy makers towards a better understanding of their nonprofits so that statutory accountability demands do not longer obstacle nonprofits to enhance their advocacy functions.Originality/valueThe originality of this study lies primarily in the fact that it was the first time that this type of research has been conducted on Japanese nonprofits.
Transformative learning: UAE, women, and higher education
Authors: Madsen Susan R. , Cook Bradley J. 
Published: May 2010

PurposeResearch on education for women in the Arab world is just beginning to unfold. In some countries, such as the United Arab Emirates, higher education for women has only been encouraged for the last few decades. Research that explores the perceptions of women in college learning environments is important to discover better ways of educating Emirati women for lifelong learning. This paper aims to address these issues.Design/methodology/approachAn online quantitative survey (English and Arabic) was used to explore these perceptions, and 294 students participated.FindingsThe paper uses transformative learning theory to investigate potential influences or factors on the transformation of female Emirati students during their college years.Originality/valueThis and other research does support the assumption that transformative experiences for individual students within higher education can result in interest, intention, and action toward varying degrees of social transformation. Higher education, while having no explicit political or activist agenda, has resulted in some degree (among these respondents at least) of a redefinition of the role of work for women and their broader role in Emirati society, and in some ways have challenged prevailing social constructs based on male‐female stratification.
The one degree war plan
Authors: Randers Jorgen , Gilding Paul 
Published: May 2010

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to present the idea of a global crisis plan that will be demanded when global society finally decides that the climate challenge is a real threat, requiring immediate and strong policy action at the super‐national level. The authors believe that this demand will arise before 2020, and the authors hope that this paper will encourage others to improve on the plan.Design/methodology/approachThe paper seeks to achieve the purpose by presenting the first draft of such a plan – “The one degree war plan” – in rather concrete terms, and estimating (in quantitative terms) the expected reduction in climate gas emissions that would result from implementing the crisis plan.FindingsThe paper finds that it is surprisingly simple to develop a plan which will reduce global emissions by 50 per cent in five years. It also seems possible to lower global emissions to zero in the ensuing decade, and then run negative emissions of 6 GtCO2e/year for the rest of the century (through carbon capture in various forms). The result, using the C‐ROADS climate model, is to keep the temperature rise in 2100 below +1°C above the pre‐industrial level. Much work needs to assure these conclusions.Practical implicationsThe authors argue that public awareness of the dangers associated with climate change will increase over the next decade, to the level where it is perceived to be a significant threat to global economic and geopolitical stability. The public will then demand emergency action to cut global climate gas emissions. The authors argue that such emergency action ought to be based on a well‐prepared crisis response plan that seeks to keep global warming below +1°C over pre‐industrial levels. The paper presents a draft of the crisis response plan and encourages further efforts to improve the plan.Social implicationsThe social value of having a well‐considered and well‐prepared climate crisis plan in place once the public demand immediate climate action from their politicians, can hardly be overestimated.Originality/valueTo the authors' knowledge, no similar crisis plan has been published.
Individuals receiving addiction treatment: are medical costs of their family members reduced?
Authors: Weisner Constance , Parthasarathy Sujaya , Moore Charles , Mertens Jennifer R. 
Published: May 2010

ABSTRACTAims  To examine whether alcohol and other drug (AOD) treatment is related to reduced medical costs of family members.Design  Using the administrative databases of a private, integrated health plan, we matched AOD treatment patients with health plan members without AOD disorders on age, gender and utilization, identifying family members of each group.Setting  Kaiser Permanente Northern California.Participants  Family members of abstinent and non‐abstinent AOD treatment patients and control family members.Measurements  We measured abstinence at 1 year post‐intake and examined health care costs per member‐month of family members of AOD patients and of controls through 5 years. We used generalized estimating equation methods to examine differences in average medical cost per member‐month for each year, between family members of abstinent and non‐abstinent AOD patients and controls. We used multilevel models to examine 4‐year cost trajectories, controlling for pre‐intake cost, age, gender and family size.Results  AOD patients’ family members had significantly higher costs and more psychiatric and medical conditions than controls in the pre‐treatment year. At 2–5 years, each year family members of AOD patients abstinent at 1 year had similar average per member‐month medical costs to controls (e.g. difference at year 5 = $2.63; P > 0.82), whereas costs for family members of non‐abstinent patients were higher (e.g. difference at year 5 = $35.59; P = 0.06). Family members of AOD patients not abstinent at 1 year, had a trajectory of increasing medical cost (slope = $10.32; P = 0.03) relative to controls.Conclusions  Successful AOD treatment is related to medical cost reductions for family members, which may be considered a proxy for their improved health.
Continuous, categorical and mixture models of DSM‐IV alcohol and cannabis use disorders in the Australian community
Authors: Baillie Andrew J. , Teesson Maree 
Published: May 2010

ABSTRACTAims  To apply item response mixture modelling (IRMM) to investigate the viability of the dimensional and categorical approaches to conceptualizing alcohol and cannabis use disorders.Design  A cross‐sectional survey assessing substance use and DSM‐IV substance use disorders.Setting and participants  A household survey of a nationally representative sample of 10 641 Australia adults (aged 18 years or older).Measurements  Trained survey interviewers administered a structured interview based on the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI).Findings  Of the 10 641 Australian adults interviewed, 7746 had drunk alcohol in the past 12 months and 722 had used cannabis. There was no improvement in fit for categorical latent class nor mixture models combining continuous and categorical parameters compared to continuous factor analysis models. The results indicated that both alcohol and cannabis problems can be considered as dimensional, with those with the disorder arrayed along a dimension of severity.Conclusions  A single factor accounts for more variance in the DSM‐IV alcohol and cannabis use criteria than latent class or mixture models, so the disorders can be explained most effectively by a dimensional score.