bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Opaque Options
Authors: Kowalczyk Kacper , Penn Aidan B. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractMoral options are permissions to do less than best, impartially speaking. In this paper, we investigate the challenge of reconciling moral options with the ideal of justifiability to each individual. We examine ex-post and ex-ante views of moral options and show how they might conflict with this ideal in single-choice and sequential-choice cases, respectively. We consider some ways of avoiding this conflict in sequential-choice cases, showing that they face significant problems.
Is Online Disinhibition Related to Cyberdating Abuse Perpetration through Moral Disengagement? The Moderating Role of Gender, Sexism, and Cybervictimization
Authors: Sánchez-Hernández M. Dolores , Herrera M. Carmen , Expósito Francisca 
Published: June 2024

AbstractEvidence suggests that online disinhibition enhances the likelihood of perpetrating cyberbullying by increasing moral disengagement; however, these psychological mechanisms have not been examined in the context of cyberdating abuse. In the current study (N = 362), we examined whether online disinhibition would predict more frequent direct cyberaggression toward a partner through greater moral disengagement, and explored the moderating role of gender, sexism, and past experiences of cyberdating abuse victimization. The results indicated that online disinhibition was positively correlated with moral disengagement, which in turn predicted more frequent direct cyberaggression toward partners. In addition, participants' gender and past experiences of cyberdating abuse victimization moderated this relationship: (a) more online disinhibition was associated with greater moral disengagement in men (vs. women), which in turn predicted more direct cyberaggression toward partners and (b) more online disinhibition was linked to greater moral disengagement, which in turn predicted more direct cyberaggression perpetration toward partners among individuals with frequent past victimization experiences (vs. low past victimization experiences). These findings highlight online disinhibition and moral disengagement as potential risk factors that may heighten direct cyberaggression against partners, as well as enhance our understanding of the circumstances determining its occurrence. Scholars and practitioners may use this work to develop and test psychoeducational programs to prevent cyberdating abuse through mitigating the occurrence of these disinhibiting factors in romantic.
Occupational Stress, Working from Home, and Job Sustainability: Another Gender Issue?
Authors: Capecchi Stefania , Di Iorio Francesca , Nappo Nunzia 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAim of the paper is to analyse the occurrence of occupational stress across European Union countries, considering gender and job sustainability as determinants, with a specific attention to the effects of home-based work. Although COVID-19 pandemic has brought such issues into a novel spotlight, to detect the response pattern towards occupational stress we chose to employ the latest official data collected by the Sixth European Working Condition Survey developed and carried out in a pre-COVID-19 scenario. This information may provide a reliable picture of working conditions, which are likely to become the “new normal” across Europe, at least for a subset of workers. Descriptive analyses do not seem to help disclosing any different response behaviour with specific respect to reported stress by gender, even when combined with the condition of working from home. Whereas a noteworthy finding of our study is that results from the implemented ordered probit model display that some differences in the response pattern do exist and are even substantial. A question still arises about whether and to what extent hybrid forms of work are here to stay and even to grow in the post-pandemic period. Some of the critical features of teleworking-from-home emerged during the epidemic indicate that the implementation of policies at a national and, ideally, even supra-national level is clearly necessary. However, since both occupations and company organizations are strongly differentiated, it seems also that the enterprises are allowed some flexibility in defining corporate policies for teleworking practices, especially aiming at providing workers with improved and more sustainable working conditions, such as a less distressing environment and more supportive managerial styles.
Materializing values
Authors: Karakas Alexandra , Tuboly Adam Tamas 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIn contrast to the history of science and to science and technology studies, the value discourse in the philosophy of science has not provided a thorough analysis of the material culture of science. Instruments in science have a special characteristic, namely that they explicitly and clearly emerge from and remain embedded in social contexts, and are thus imbued with values. We argue that the materials (in most cases they are artifacts) used in science are necessarily influenced by both epistemic and non-epistemic considerations. A consequence of this is that a descriptive term cannot give sufficient information whether an artifact is performing in an acceptable way. Instead of the prevailing descriptive approach, we therefore advocate a normative notion of values in the material culture of science. To this end, we connect the material culture of science to the so-called “new demarcation problem”, in order to lay the foundations for a value-sensitive approach to the analysis of instruments. By assessing the five approaches of demarcation concerning value-influences, it will be shown that they break down at various points if the material aspects of science are taken seriously.
Design of a conversational recommender system in education
Authors: Valtolina Stefano , Matamoros Ricardo Anibal , Epifania Francesco 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIn recent years, we have seen a significant proliferation of e-learning platforms. E-learning platforms allow teachers to create digital courses in a more effective and time-saving way, but several flaws hinder their actual success. One main problem is that teachers have difficulties finding and combining open-access learning materials that match their specific needs precisely when there are so many to choose from. This paper proposes a new strategy for creating digital courses that use learning objects (LOs) as primary elements. The idea consists of using an intelligent chatbot to assist teachers in their activities. Defined using RASA technology, the chatbot asks for information about the course the teacher has to create based on her/his profile and needs. It suggests the best LOs and how to combine them according to their prerequisites and outcomes. A chatbot-based recommendation system provides suggestions through BERT, a machine-learning model based on Transformers, to define the semantic similarity between the entered data and the LOs metadata. In addition, the chatbot also suggests how to combine the LOs into a final learning path. Finally, the paper presents some preliminary results about tests carried out by teachers in creating their digital courses.
Large-scale evaluation of cold-start mitigation in adaptive fact learning: Knowing “what” matters more than knowing “who”
Authors: van der Velde Maarten , Sense Florian , Borst Jelmer P. , Rijn Hedderik van 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAdaptive learning systems offer a personalised digital environment that continually adjusts to the learner and the material, with the goal of maximising learning gains. Whenever such a system encounters a new learner, or when a returning learner starts studying new material, the system first has to determine the difficulty of the material for that specific learner. Failing to address this “cold-start” problem leads to suboptimal learning and potential disengagement from the system, as the system may present problems of an inappropriate difficulty or provide unhelpful feedback. In a simulation study conducted on a large educational data set from an adaptive fact learning system (about 100 million trials from almost 140 thousand learners), we predicted individual learning parameters from response data. Using these predicted parameters as starting estimates for the adaptive learning system yielded a more accurate model of learners’ memory performance than using default values. We found that predictions based on the difficulty of the fact (“what”) generally outperformed predictions based on the ability of the learner (“who”), though both contributed to better model estimates. This work extends a previous smaller-scale laboratory-based experiment in which using fact-specific predictions in a cold-start scenario improved learning outcomes. The current findings suggest that similar cold-start alleviation may be possible in real-world educational settings. The improved predictions can be harnessed to increase the efficiency of the learning system, mitigate the negative effects of a cold start, and potentially improve learning outcomes.
Strangers in a Strange Land: Legitimacy Formation by Polish Multinationals Venturing into Sub-Saharan Africa
Authors: Wąsowska Aleksandra , Obłój Krzysztof , Kopiński Dominik 
Published: June 2024

AbstractOur paper revisits one of the fundamental questions of International Business (IB) scholarship, investigating the ways through which multinational enterprises (MNEs) establish legitimacy when entering a foreign market. We address this question in a novel context of Central and Eastern European (CEE) firms venturing into Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), employing a multiple case study approach. We investigate the process of legitimacy formation by Polish firms entering SSA for market-seeking reasons. We find that the firms studied use their initial liabilities of foreignness, outsidership, and origin as starting points for pragmatic, moral, and cognitive legitimacy-building by developing narratives that neutralize the distance between themselves and important local stakeholders. Our findings contribute to an understanding of the contingent nature of ‘liabilities’ in IB literature and shed light on the role of narratives in the internationalization process.
Effect of the curing agent DETA and its interaction with a rare earth carboxylate as corrosion inhibitor in a hybrid silica-epoxy formulation
Authors: Suárez-Vega Ana , Agustín-Sáenz Cecilia , O’Dell Luke A. , Brusciotti Fabiola , Somers Anthony , Forsyth Maria 
Published: June 2024

AbstractSol–gel based coatings are used to protect metals from corrosion. They offer a barrier to the electrolyte penetration, but they do not provide active corrosion protection. Therefore, corrosion inhibitors are often added to sol–gel formulations to improve the overall corrosion behavior. Sol–gel-based coatings typically require relatively high temperatures to be properly cured, which supposes high energy consumptions and might damage some of the precursors of the formulation, including corrosion inhibitors incorporated to improve the coating’s properties. In this study, the effect of diethylenetriamine (DETA) as a curing agent, and yttrium 4-hydroxy cinnamate [Y-(4OHCin)3] as corrosion inhibitor, on the chemistry and corrosion performance of a hybrid silica-epoxy formulation are investigated. Solid nuclear magnetic resonance and attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy are carried out to analyze the influence of the curing agent and the corrosion inhibitor on the chemical structure of the coating. The corrosion performance is assessed by means of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and the results are evaluated considering the chemical study and the interaction between the different compounds.
Exploring barriers and facilitators to increase the engagement with a digital app (OLIO) for food/non-food sustainable consumption in citizens from Bogotá, Colombia
Authors: Gómez Ceballos Angela Milena , Antonopoulou Vivi 
Published: June 2024

AbstractEngaging in sustainable behaviours is a key priority for environmental sustainability. Behavioural changes such as recycling, and food sharing are needed to achieve a zero-emissions society. Digital technologies can support engagement with these behaviours through publicly accessible digital platforms such as mobile apps which connect those with surplus items to those who need or wish to consume these items. However, very little research has examined the factors influencing engagement with mobile apps, particularly in the context of developing countries. This exploratory sequential mixed methods study used behavioural science models to identify factors influencing engagement with the Olio app, a mobile application for food and non-food items sharing in Bogota, Colombia. Influencing factors were analyzed and categorized as barriers or enablers using the Capability (C), Opportunity (O), and Motivation (M) model of behaviour (B) change (COM-B). Regarding barriers, two were strong influencers “perceived difficulty to use a mobile app” for donating items (physical opportunity, β = -.25, p < .001), and “lack of time to collect a used item in others’ location” (physical opportunity, β = -.18, p < .01). As to the enablers, the strongest predictor for collecting was “finding mobile apps to share used items to be widely disseminated on social media channels” (physical opportunity, β = .27, p < .001) and for donating “Knowing how to use mobile apps” (psychological capability, β = .19, p < .01). Findings are discussed along with implementation strategies that could potentially increase engagement with the Olio app to support sustainable consumption.
Robot-Mediated Intergenerational Childcare: Experimental Study Based on Health-Screening Task in Nursery School
Authors: Nakanishi Junya , Baba Jun , Chang Wei-Chuan , Nakae Aya , Sumioka Hidenobu , Ishiguro Hiroshi 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIntergenerational interactions between children and older adults are gaining broader recognition because of their mutual benefits. However, such interactions face practical limitations owing to potential disease transmission and the poor health of older adults for face-to-face interactions. This study explores robot-mediated interactions as a potential solution to address these issues. In this study, older adults remotely controlled a social robot to perform a health-screening task for nursery school children, thereby overcoming the problems associated with face-to-face interactions while engaging in physical interactions. The results of this study suggested that the children responded favorably to the robot, and the rate of positive response increased over time. Older adults also found the task generally manageable and experienced a significant positive shift in their attitude toward children. These findings suggest that robot-mediated interactions can effectively facilitate intergenerational engagement and provide psychosocial benefits to both the parties to the engagement. This study provides valuable insights into the potential of robot-mediated interactions in childcare and other similar settings.
A N–CoSe/CoSe2–C@Cu hierarchical architecture as a current collector-integrated anode for potassium-ion batteries
Authors: Mu Zi-Jie , Gao Yan-Jun , Dong Wen-Shuai , Li Zong-You , Song Qing-Yi , Huang Han-Jiao , Xing Li-Dong , Zhang Jian-Guo , Wang Wei , Yu Qi-Yao 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe highly reversible insertion/extraction of large-radius K+ into electrode materials remains a tough goal, especially for conversion-type materials. Herein, we design a current collector-integrated electrode (N–CoSe/CoSe2–C@Cu) as an advanced anode for potassium-ion battery (PIBs). The conductive CoSe/CoSe2 heterojunction with rich Se vacancy defects, conductive sp2 N-doped carbon layer, and the elastic copper foil matrix can greatly accelerate the electron transfer and enhance the structural stability. Consequently, the well-designed N–CoSe/CoSe2–C@Cu current collector-integrated electrode displays enhanced potassium storage performance with regard to a high capacity (325.1 mAh·g−1 at 0.1 A·g−1 after 200 cycles), an exceptional rate capability (223.5 mAh·g−1 at 2000 mA·g−1), and an extraordinary long-term cycle stability (a capacity fading of only 0.019% per cycle over 1200 cycles at 2000 mA·g−1). Impressively, ex situ scanning electron microscopy (SEM) characterizations prove that the elastic structure of copper foil is merged into the cleverly designed N–CoSe/CoSe2–C@Cu heterostructure, which buffers the deformation of structure and volume and greatly promotes the cycle life during the potassium/depotassium process.
Graphical abstract
Von der Idee einer mathematikdidaktischen Normenforschung
Authors: Lensing Felix 
Published: June 2024

Zusammenfassung
Die Mathematikdidaktik ist nicht nur Wissenschaft von der mathematischen Bildungspraxis, sondern sie ist auch Wissenschaft für sie. Sie will die mathematische Bildungspraxis nicht nur in ihren vielfältigen Arten, Formen und Ausprägungen theoretisch erkennen, sondern sie will sie auch praktisch normieren, gestalten und verbessern. Und so steht die Mathematikdidaktik in ihren Forschungsbemühungen vor der Frage, wie sie dieser doppelten Aufgabe gerecht werden kann: Wie kann sie methodisch vorgehen, wenn sie sowohl theoretisch erkennen will, was in der mathematischen Bildungspraxis vor sich geht, als auch praktische Vorschläge dafür ausarbeiten möchte, was in ihr vor sich gehen sollte? Es ist dieses methodologische Problem, mit dem ich mich in diesem Beitrag am Beispiel der Erforschung von Normen in mathematischen Bildungspraxen auseinandersetzen möchte. Dabei wird sich Schritt für Schritt die Idee einer mathematikdidaktischen Normenforschung abzeichnen, welche die theoretische und praktische Forschungsrichtung der Mathematikdidaktik in einem einzigen Forschungsprogramm vereint.
Radiofrequency echographic multi spectrometry (REMS) in the diagnosis and management of osteoporosis: state of the art
Authors: Fuggle Nicholas R , Reginster Jean-Yves , Al-Daghri Nasser , Bruyere Olivier , Burlet Nansa , Campusano Claudia , Cooper Cyrus , Perez Adolfo Diez , Halbout Philippe , Ghi Tullio , Kaufman Jean-Marc , Kurt Andreas , Matijevic Radmila , Radermecker Regis P , Tuzun Sansin , Veronese Nicola , Rizzoli Rene , Harvey Nicholas C , Brandi Maria Luisa , Brandi Maria-Luisa 
Published: June 2024

AbstractRadiofrequency Echographic Multi Spectrometry (REMS) is a radiation-free, portable technology, which can be used for the assessment and monitoring of osteoporosis at the lumbar spine and femoral neck and may facilitate wider access to axial BMD measurement compared with standard dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA).There is a growing literature demonstrating a strong correlation between DXA and REMS measures of BMD and further work supporting 5-year prediction of fracture using the REMS Fragility Score, which provides a measure of bone quality (in addition to the quantitative measure of BMD).The non-ionising radiation emitted by REMS allows it to be used in previously underserved populations including pregnant women and children and may facilitate more frequent measurement of BMD.The portability of the device means that it can be deployed to measure BMD for frail patients at the bedside (avoiding the complications in transfer and positioning which can occur with DXA), in primary care, the emergency department, low-resource settings and even at home.The current evidence base supports the technology as a useful tool in the management of osteoporosis as an alternative to DXA.
Investigating the creep resistance of E-glass/polyester composite for automotive structural components
Authors: Marye Sisay Asmare , Jamir T. Moansunep , Desalegn Yiene Molla 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis study was focused on investigating the influence of fiber-to-matrix weight ratios on the creep behavior of a composite material made from E-glass fiber and polyester resin. The aim was to assess the practical applicability of the composites for aircraft and vehicle structural parts by checking creep strength. The test specimens were prepared using the hand layup method, combining E-glass fiber and polyester resin. Three different fiber-to-matrix weight ratios (65/35, 55/45, and 35/65) were selected and the test specimens were manufactured according to the ASTM D2990 standard. The tests were conducted on each weight ratio using creep loads of 20, 30, and 40 N., and finite element analysis (FEA) was performed to substantiate the experimental results. Based on the experimental and simulation results, it was observed that the composite with a fiber weight ratio of 65/35 has 62.43 Mpa stress and 7.59 mm deformation. This exhibited favorable creep behavior and higher deformation resistance compared to the other compositions. The finite element analysis results were in good agreement with the experimental findings. This suggests that this weight composition could be preferred for vehicle structural parts. The agreement between the experimental and finite element analysis results further validates the practical applicability of the composite material.
Maternal Uterine Artery Adenoviral Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (Ad.VEGF-A165) Gene Therapy Normalises Fetal Brain Growth and Microglial Activation in Nutrient Restricted Pregnant Guinea Pigs
Authors: Hristova M. D. , Krishnan T. , Rossi C. A. , Nouza J. , White A. , Peebles D. M. , Sebire N. J. , Zachary I. C. , David A. L. , Vaughan O. R. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractFetal growth restriction (FGR) is associated with uteroplacental insufficiency, and neurodevelopmental and structural brain deficits in the infant. It is currently untreatable. We hypothesised that treating the maternal uterine artery with vascular endothelial growth factor adenoviral gene therapy (Ad.VEGF-A165) normalises offspring brain weight and prevents brain injury in a guinea pig model of FGR. Pregnant guinea pigs were fed a restricted diet before and after conception and received Ad.VEGF-A165 (1 × 1010 viral particles, n = 18) or vehicle (n = 18), delivered to the external surface of the uterine arteries, in mid-pregnancy. Pregnant, ad libitum-fed controls received vehicle only (n = 10). Offspring brain weight and histological indices of brain injury were assessed at term and 5-months postnatally. At term, maternal nutrient restriction reduced fetal brain weight and increased microglial ramification in all brain regions but did not alter indices of cell death, astrogliosis or myelination. Ad.VEGF-A165 increased brain weight and reduced microglial ramification in fetuses of nutrient restricted dams. In adult offspring, maternal nutrient restriction did not alter brain weight or markers of brain injury, whilst Ad.VEGF-A165 increased microglial ramification and astrogliosis in the hippocampus and thalamus, respectively. Ad.VEGF-A165 did not affect cell death or myelination in the fetal or offspring brain. Ad.VEGF-A165 normalises brain growth and markers of brain injury in guinea pig fetuses exposed to maternal nutrient restriction and may be a potential intervention to improve childhood neurodevelopmental outcomes in pregnancies complicated by FGR.