bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Combined treatment of nonsmall cell lung cancer NSCLC stage III with intensity‐modulated RT radiotherapy and cetuximab
Authors: Jensen Alexandra D. , Münter Marc W. , Bischoff Helge G. , Haselmann Renate , Haberkorn Uwe , Huber Peter E. , Thomas Michael , Debus Jürgen , Herfarth Klaus K. 
Published: January 2011

AbstractBACKGROUND:The aim of this study was to evaluate efficacy and toxicity of radioimmunotherapy with intensity‐modulated radiation (IMRT) and cetuximab in stage III nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC).METHODS:NEAR was a prospective, monocentric phase II trial including patients unfit for chemoradiation regimen; treatment consisted of IMRT and weekly cetuximab followed by a 13‐week maintenance period. Primary endpoints were toxicity and feasibility; secondary endpoints were remission rates at completion of the planned treatment according to Response Evaluation Criteria In Solid Tumor (RECIST), local/distant progression‐free survival, and overall survival.RESULTS:Thirty patients (median age, 71 years) were treated within the protocol. Overall response rate was 63% (partial remission: 19 of 30) patients. Median locoregional, distant, overall progression‐free survival was 20.5, 10.9, and 8.5 months. Median overall survival was 19.5 months, with an estimated 1‐ and 2‐year survival of 66.7% and 34.9% respectively. Stage (IIIA vs IIIB) and histologic subtype did not have a significant impact on survival rates in our patients. Treatment was tolerated well with only mild toxicity (°3 pneumonitis: 3.3%, any °3 acute toxicity: 36.7%).CONCLUSIONS:Combined radioimmunotherapy with cetuximab was safe and feasible, especially in elderly patients with multiple comorbidities. A more intensified regimen warranted investigation. Cancer 2011. © 2011 American Cancer Society.
Phase 2 trial of bevacizumab, capecitabine, and oxaliplatin in treatment of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Sun Weijing , Sohal Davendra , Haller Daniel G. , Mykulowycz Kristine , Rosen Mark , Soulen Michael C. , Caparro Millie , Teitelbaum Ursina R. , Giantonio Bruce , O'Dwyer Peter J. , Shaked Abraham , Reddy Rajender , Olthoff Kim 
Published: January 2011

AbstractBACKGROUND:Anti‐angiogenesis agents have shown effectiveness in treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). It is important to investigate more effective and safe systemic treatment options for patients with advanced HCC. This phase 2 study was designed to determine the efficacy and toxicity of the combination of bevacizumab, capecitabine, and oxaliplatin in patients with advanced unresectable and untransplantable HCC.METHODS:Chemotherapy‐naive patients with advanced unresectable and untransplantable HCC were treated with bevacizumab 5 mg/kg and oxaliplatin 130 mg/m2 on day 1 of each cycle, and capecitabine 825 mg/m2 orally twice a day from days 1 to 14 of a 21‐day cycle.RESULTS:Forty patients were enrolled to the study, in which 40% had Child‐Pugh B disease. Forty percent had an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status (PS) of 0, 55% had PS of 1, and 5% had PS of 2. Forty percent of patients had hepatitis B virus infection. The median progression‐free survival was 6.8 months (95% CI, 3.4‐9.1 months), and the median overall survival was 9.8 months (95% CI, 5.2‐12.1 months). Eight patients (20%) achieved partial response; 23 patients had stable disease with overall 77.5% disease control rate. The combination was tolerable with limited grade 3/4 toxicity, mainly peripheral neurotoxicity and fatigue.CONCLUSIONS:The combination appeared effective and safe, and the results were encouraging. Further investigation should be considered. Cancer 2011. © 2011 American Cancer Society.
Insulin‐like growth factor‐I receptor blockade reduces tumor angiogenesis and enhances the effects of bevacizumab for a human gastric cancer cell line, MKN45
Authors: Li Hua , Adachi Yasushi , Yamamoto Hiroyuki , Min Yongfen , Ohashi Hirokazu , Ii Masanori , Arimura Yoshiaki , Endo Takao , Lee Choon‐Taek , Carbone David P. , Imai Kohzoh , Shinomura Yasuhisa 
Published: January 2011

AbstractBACKGROUND:Insulin‐like growth factor (IGF)‐I receptor (IGF‐IR) signaling is required for tumorigenicity and tumor progression of gastrointestinal cancers. The authors previously reported the success of therapy for gastrointestinal cancers using adenoviruses that expressed dominant‐negative IGF‐IR (IGF‐IR/dn). In addition, it has been demonstrated that IGF‐IR signaling affects vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression in some other types of tumors. The objective of the current study was to evaluate this interaction by studying the roles of IGF‐IR in tumor angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis and their implications for targeted therapy in gastric cancer.METHODS:The impact of IGF signals on the expression of VEGF‐A and VEGF‐C in a human gastric cancer cell, MKN45, and vascular formation were assessed. The effects of IGF‐IR/dn with or without bevacizumab on angiogenesis, lymphangiogenesis, and tumor suppression in mouse xenografts were assessed.RESULTS:IGFs induced the expression of VEGF ligands and up‐regulated in vitro vascular vessel formation. IGF‐IR/dn reduced VEGF expression, reduced the activation of both protein kinase B (Akt) and mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK), and reduced vascular formation, indicating that IGF‐IR/dn inhibited tumor growth in mice by inhibiting both angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis. However, IGF‐IR/dn did not affect either blood sugar or body weight in these mice. The combination of IGF‐IR/dn and bevacizumab was highly effective against these xenograft tumors, and only this combination resulted in the complete regression of 43% of tumors, reduced the expression of VEGF, and induced apoptosis.CONCLUSIONS:The current results indicated that IGF‐IR is involved in angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis through the modulation of VEGF ligand expression in the gastric cancer cell line MKN45. Targeting IGF‐IR in combination with agents that block the VEGF pathway may have therapeutic utility for gastric cancer therapy. Cancer 2011. © 2011 American Cancer Society.
Clinical outcome of triple negative breast cancer in BRCA1 mutation carriers and noncarriers
Authors: Lee Larissa J. , Alexander Brian , Schnitt Stuart J. , Comander Amy , Gallagher Bridget , Garber Judy E. , Tung Nadine 
Published: January 2011

AbstractBACKGROUND:Women with BRCA1 mutations develop breast cancer with similar pathologic features to sporadic triple negative (TN) breast cancer, a subtype associated with early disease relapse and poor outcome. The clinical outcome of women with and without BRCA1 mutations who had TN breast cancer treated with conventional chemotherapy were compared.METHODS:Women with stage I to III TN breast cancer who had BRCA1 testing within 36 months of diagnosis and received alkylating chemotherapy were identified from clinical databases and a Specialized Program of Research Excellence (SPORE) specimen bank. BRCA2 mutation carriers were excluded, resulting in a study cohort of 46 BRCA1 carriers and 71 noncarriers. Sites of metastasis, relapse rates, and survival were compared among carriers and noncarriers. The median follow‐up was 75 months.RESULTS:BRCA1 carriers were younger at diagnosis (P < .001) and had smaller tumors (P = .03) than noncarriers. Freedom from distant metastasis at 5 years was 76% for carriers and 70% for noncarriers (hazard ratio [HR] 0.79, P = .5). Sites of distant recurrence did not differ significantly (P = .15), although BRCA1 carriers had a propensity for brain relapse (58% vs 24%, P = .06). Overall survival at 5 years was 82% for carriers and 74% for noncarriers (HR 0.64, P = .25). Adjusting for age and stage, BRCA1 mutation status was not an independent predictor of survival (HR 0.73, P = .48).CONCLUSIONS:BRCA1 mutation carriers with TN disease had similar survival rates to noncarriers when treated with alkylating chemotherapy. Women with BRCA1‐related breast cancer may benefit from novel therapies that target DNA repair, and further study is needed to identify sporadic TN breast cancers with a BRCA‐deficient phenotype. Cancer 2011. © 2011 American Cancer Society.
Cerebrospinal fluid pleocytosis
Authors: Bommer Martin , Nagy Andreas , Schöpflin Christine , Pauls Sandra , Ringhoffer Mark , Schmid Mathias 
Published: January 2011

AbstractBACKGROUND:Cerebrospinal fluid samples with doubtful morphologic interpretation are a common problem in the workup of patients with clinical signs for leptomeningeal disease. The authors report on the combination of morphology and flow cytometry in the diagnosis of leptomeningeal disease in patients with radiological, clinical, or cytological findings suspicious for leukemia or lymphoma with spread into the cerebrospinal fluid.METHODS:The authors defined a set of antibodies for flow cytometric analysis, which is capable of distinguishing between malignant and nonmalignant hematopoietic cells. One hundred twenty‐seven cases were analyzed with both methods.RESULTS:The additional application of flow cytometry resulted in an improvement of diagnostic reliability in 29 of 127 cases. Diagnostic sensitivity was raised from 73% (cytology) to 96% (flow cytometry), specificity from 94% to 97%, the positive predictive value from 88% to 96%, and the negative predictive value from 76% to 97%.CONCLUSIONS:Because the appropriate selection of markers is crucial to successful analysis, the authors suggested a highly selected panel of antibodies for flow cytometry analysis of cerebrospinal fluid samples. The authors were able to demonstrate that leptomeningeal disease caused by leukemia or lymphoma can be diagnosed by flow cytometry and discriminated from reactive pleocytosis in most cases of doubtful morphology. Cancer (Cancer Cytopathol) 2011. © 2011 American Cancer Society.
Characterization of α and γ polymorphs of glycine crystallized from water‐ammonia solution
Authors: Srinivasan K. , Renuka Devi K. , Anbuchudar Azhagan S. 
Published: January 2011

AbstractCrystallization of metastable α and stable γ polymorphs of glycine was carried out from aqueous solution in the presence of ammonia. Pure aqueous solution and solution with lower concentration of ammonia yield α nucleation and solution with a critical concentration of ammonia yield γ nucleation. Variation in the solubility of glycine in double distilled water and pH of the resulting solution due to the ammonia incorporation was studied in a range of temperatures. The induction period for the α and γ nucleation in the solution was determined and its variation due to the ammonia incorporation was also studied. Single crystals of both the polymorphs were grown by slow evaporation method. Effect of ammonia concentration and the resultant pH of the solution on the nucleation, growth and morphology of the grown polymorphs were investigated. The unidirectional growth of the γ polymorph along the polar axis was revealed. X‐ray powder diffraction method was employed to distinguish both the polymorphs structurally. Their thermal stability above room temperature was studied by differential scanning calorimetry which revealed that the as‐grown γ polymorph transforms to α at 179.6 °C while the as‐grown α retains its phase until melting. The optical transmittance of the grown γ polymorph was studied in the UV‐Vis‐Near IR region. The second harmonic generation (SHG) efficiency of the grown γ polymorph was studied with a Nd:YAG laser source and is about 6.8% higher than that of the inorganic standard KDP. (© 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Controllable fabrication and growth mechanism of hematite cubes
Authors: Su Changhua , Wang Hui , Liu Xiaojie 
Published: January 2011

AbstractMonodispersed and single‐crystalline hematite (α‐Fe2O3) cubes have been successfully prepared by a template‐free hydrothermal synthetic route with FeCl3 and CH3COONH4. The influences of the reactant concentration, reaction temperature, and reaction time on the crystal growth were systematically investigated. The results show that the monodisperse hematite cubes with high crystalline and narrow size distribution could be fabricated at the hydrothermal temperature of 160 °C for 24 h while the concentrations of FeCl3 and CH3COONH4 were in the range of 0.03‐0.5 M and 0.05‐0.1 M, respectively. In addition, the formation mechanism of hematite cube is also proposed, where the CH3COONH4 plays a role of shape controller in the formation of cube hematite structure. (© 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Polyaniline‐Based Conducting Polymer Compositions with a High Work Function for Hole‐Injection Layers in Organic Light‐Emitting Diodes: Formation of Ohmic Contacts
Authors: Choi Mi‐Ri , Woo Seong‐Hoon , Han Tae‐Hee , Lim Kyung‐Geun , Min Sung‐Yong , Yun Won Min , Kwon Oh Kwan , Park Chan Eon , Kim Kwan‐Do , Shin Hoon‐Kyu , Kim Myeong‐Suk , Noh Taeyong , Park Jong Hyeok , Shin Kyoung‐Hwan , Jang Jyongsik , Lee Tae‐Woo 
Published: January 2011

AbstractIt is a great challenge to develop solution‐processed, polymeric hole‐injection layers (HILs) that perform better than small molecular layers for realizing high‐performance small‐molecule organic light‐emitting diodes (SM‐OLEDs). We have greatly improved the injection efficiency and the current efficiency of SM‐OLEDs by introducing conducting polymer compositions composed of polyaniline doped with polystyrene sulfonate and perfluorinated ionomer (PFI) as the HIL. During single spin‐coating of conducting polymer compositions, the PFI layer was self‐organized at the surface and greatly increased the film work function. It enhanced hole‐injection efficiency and current efficiency by introducing a nearly ohmic contact and improving electron blocking. Our results demonstrate that solution‐processed polyaniline HILs with tunable work functions are good candidates for reducing process costs and improving OLED performance.
A novel low‐power RF4CE‐based communication framework for multimedia system control
Authors: Koo Bonhyun , Choi Wook , Park James J. (Jong Hyuk) , Shon Taeshik 
Published: January 2011

SUMMARYA remote control (RC) is a component that operates electronic devices wirelessly issuing commands to consumer electronics (CE). Such existing RC solutions are based mainly on the infrared radiation (IR) technology with a line‐of‐sight barrier and they lack various additional features such as bi‐directional and richer communications, low‐power consumption, and no line‐of‐sight barriers which are needed for the flexibility and interoperability of more intelligent new CE devices on the market. In this paper, we propose a novel low‐power RF4CE‐based communication framework (RCF) for Multimedia System Control in order to overcome many constraints of IR‐based legacy solutions and support energy‐efficient multimedia communications. The proposed RCF framework is designed for multimedia control communication using smart phones, adopting the RF4CE protocol which is ade factoradio frequency standard for CE remote control solutions. The analysis of energy consumption and two verification scenarios (one for CE control and the other for contents sharing), including the use of various CEs and smart phones, show that our proposed RCF framework provides good practical usage in terms of content‐sharing and smart CE control. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Analysis and simulation of a message dissemination algorithm for VANET
Authors: Busson Anthony 
Published: January 2011

AbstractThis paper addresses the analytical evaluation of broadcast protocols in VANET. We focus on the most popular broadcast algorithm, which consists in the current emitter selecting the furthest receiver as the next forwarder. We propose a general framework based on point process to evaluate this protocol. The radio environment is modelled by a generic Frame Error Rate function. It enables us, through the same model, to assess the performances for different radio environments or radio technologies. We derive simple formulae for different quantities relative to the performance of the broadcast protocol: time to propagate the message, emitters' intensity, mean number of receptions for the same message, etc. Results based on the analytical model are compared with simulations using realistic vehicle traffic in order to determine the contexts for which the analytical model is relevant. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Discussion of electrode conditioning mechanism based on pre‐breakdown current under nonuniform electric field in vacuum
Authors: Yasuoka Takanori , Kato Tomohiro , Kato Katsumi , Okubo Hitoshi 
Published: January 2011

AbstractElectrode conditioning is a very important technique for improvement of the insulation performance of vacuum circuit breakers (VCBs). This paper discusses the spark conditioning mechanism under a nonuniform electric field, focusing on the pre‐breakdown current. We quantitatively evaluated the spark conditioning effect by analyzing the pre‐breakdown current based on the Fowler‐Nordheim equation. The field enhancement factor β was found to decrease with increasing breakdown voltage at the beginning of the conditioning process, and finally became saturated with the saturation of the breakdown voltage. In addition, in the case of a nonuniform field, we found that β on a high‐voltage rod electrode after conditioning varied according to the electric field strength on the rod electrode. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 175(2): 21‐28, 2011; Published online in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com). DOI 10.1002/eej.21059
Investigation of dielectric breakdown characteristics of double‐break vacuum interrupter and dielectric breakdown probability distribution in vacuum interrupter
Authors: Shioiri Tetsu , Asari Naoki , Sato Junichi , Sasage Kosuke , Yokokura Kunio , Homma Mitsutaka , Suzuki Katsumi 
Published: January 2011

AbstractTo investigate the reliability of equipment of vacuum insulation, a study was carried out to clarify breakdown probability distributions in a vacuum gap. Further, a double‐break vacuum circuit breaker was investigated for breakdown probability distribution. The test results show that the breakdown probability distribution of the vacuum gap can be represented by a Weibull distribution using a location parameter, which shows the voltage that permits a zero breakdown probability. The location parameter obtained from Weibull plot depends on electrode area. The shape parameter obtained from Weibull plot of vacuum gap was 10 to 14, and was constant irrespective of the nonuniform field factor. The breakdown probability distribution after no‐load switching can be represented by Weibull distribution using a location parameter. The shape parameter after no‐load switching was 6 to 8.5, and was constant irrespective of the gap length. This indicates that the scatter of the breakdown voltage was increased by no‐load switching. If the vacuum circuit breaker uses a double break, the breakdown probability at low voltage becomes lower than the single‐break probability. Although the potential distribution is a concern in the double‐break vacuum circuit breaker, its insulation reliability is better than that of the single‐break vacuum interrupter even if the bias of the vacuum interrupter's sharing voltage is taken into account. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 175(2): 13–20, 2011; Published online in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com). DOI 10.1002/eej.21060
Implementation of disturbance attenuation system based on frequency estimation
Authors: Narikiyo Tatsuo , Fuwa Katsuhiko , Murano Takeshi 
Published: January 2011

AbstractA well‐known control system that can reduce the adverse effects of disturbances is the disturbance observer. Whenever we apply a disturbance observer, the disturbance frequency should be known and constant. However, since in many cases of industrial systems the disturbance frequency is varied in some frequency spectrum, it may be difficult to reduce the adverse effect of such disturbances by use of the traditional disturbance observer. Therefore, we have proposed a disturbance observer which can handle frequency variation (DOFV). However, in order to apply DOFV we must measure the disturbance frequency in real time. Therefore, a frequency estimation scheme is required in order to apply DOFV. In this paper, a method for the design of a disturbance attenuation system that can handle frequency variation is proposed. The main idea of this design method is to combine DOFV with a frequency estimator that can estimate the disturbance frequency in real time. Even though the proposed disturbance attenuation system is a low‐degree and low‐gain controller, it has excellent steady‐state disturbance attenuation performance. Numerical simulations and experiments show the usefulness of the proposed disturbance attenuation system. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 175(2): 46–53, 2011; Published online in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com). DOI 10.1002/eej.21073
A Dynamic Bayesian Network Model for production and inventory control
Authors: Shin Ji‐Sun , Takazaki Noriyuki , Lee Tae‐Hong , Kim Jin‐Il , Lee Hee‐Hyol 
Published: January 2011

AbstractIn general, production quantities and delivered goods change randomly and consequently total stocks also change randomly. This paper deals with production and inventory control using a Dynamic Bayesian Network. The Bayesian Network is a probabilistic model which represents the qualitative dependence between two or more random variables by a graph structure, and the quantitative relations between individual variables by conditional probabilities. The probabilistic distribution of the total stock is calculated by propagation of probabilities on the network. Furthermore, a rule for adjustment of production quantities maintains the desired probabilities of exceeding the lower and upper limits on total stocks. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 175(2): 37–45, 2011; Published online in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com). DOI 10.1002/eej.21076
N‐acetyl‐L‐cysteine increases acute graft‐versus‐host disease and promotes T‐cell‐mediated immunity in vitro
Authors: Karlsson Helen , Nava Silvia , Remberger Mats , Hassan Zuzana , Hassan Moustapha , Ringdén Olle 
Published: January 2011

AbstractN‐acetyl‐L‐cysteine (NAC) is a thiol antioxidant that stimulates glutathione synthesis in cells. Several studies indicate that NAC possesses immunomodulatory properties in vitro, but both inhibitory and activating effects on immunity have been reported. We observed that allogeneic stem cell transplantation (ASCT) patients who were randomized to receive NAC 100 mg/kg/day (n=73) had an increased prevalence of grade II‐V acute graft‐versus‐host disease (GvHD) compared to patients who did not receive NAC (n=87), indicating that NAC has an immunostimulatory effect in vivo. When studying the effect of NAC on T‐cell‐mediated immunity in vitro, we found that moderate levels of NAC (0.4–3.2 mM) increased alloantigen‐induced proliferation, expression of activation markers CD25 and CD71 on T cells, and production of IFN‐γ and IL‐10. In contrast, high concentrations of NAC (12.5–50 mM) were suppressive, which may explain previously conflicting data. NAC did not cause an increase in expression of CD86, CD80, and CD83 on mature DCs at any concentration, whereas high concentrations suppressed DC maturation. Furthermore, T cells exposed to suppressive concentrations of NAC in a primary stimulation were highly responsive when re‐stimulated in the absence of NAC. To conclude, NAC appears to increase acute GvHD and has an immunostimulatory effect on alloantigen‐specific T cells.