bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influences of incorporating detoxified Jatropha curcas kernel meal in common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) diet on the expression of growth hormone‐ and insulin‐like growth factor‐1‐encoding genes
Authors: Kumar V. , Khalil W. K. B. , Weiler U. , Becker K. 
Published: November 2011

SummaryJatropha curcas is a drought‐resistant shrub or small tree widespread all over the tropics and subtropics. The use of J. curcas (L) kernel meal in fish feed is limited owing to the presence of toxic and antinutritional constituents. In this study, it was detoxified using heat treatment and organic solvent extraction method. The detoxification process was carried out for 60 min to obtain the detoxified meal. Cyprinus carpio L. fingerlings (n = 180; avg. wt. 3.2 ± 0.07 g) were randomly distributed in five treatment groups with four replicates and fed isonitrogenous diets (crude protein 38%) for 8 weeks. The inclusion levels of the detoxified Jatropha kernel meal (DJKM) and soybean meal (SBM) were as follows: control diet was prepared with fish meal (FM) and wheat meal, without any DJKM and SBM; diets S50 and J50: 50% of FM protein replaced by SBM and DJKM respectively; diets S75 and J75: 75% of FM protein replaced by SBM and DJKM respectively. Highest body mass gain and insulin‐like growth factor‐1 (IGF‐1) gene expression in brain, liver and muscle were observed for the control group, which were statistically similar to those for J50 group and significantly (p < 0.05) higher than for all other groups, whereas growth hormone gene expression in brain, liver and muscle exhibited opposite trend. Insulin‐like growth factor‐1 concentration in plasma did not differ significantly among the five groups. Conclusively, growth performance was in parallel with IGF‐1 gene expression and exhibited negative trend with GH gene expression.
Community mobility in the context of universal design: Inter‐professional collaboration and education
Authors: Hitch Danielle , Larkin Helen , Watchorn Valerie , Ang Susan 
Published: November 2011

Background/aim:  The design of built environments is a critical factor in facilitating participation for all community members. This study aimed to explore key stakeholders’ views on the role and collaboration of occupational therapists and architects in relation to universal design and the built environment. This study is currently the only research to focus on the needs and practices of both occupational therapy and architecture in universal design. The results have implications for both clinical practice and professional education, and highlight an area of developing interest in occupational therapy.Methods:  Focus groups and semi‐structured telephone interviews were conducted with key stakeholders involved in the design of built environments. Data from these interviews were analysed qualitatively, using codes of interpreted meaning which were then organised into themes.Results:  Three main themes emerged in relation to inter‐professional collaboration around universal design: ‘form vs. function’, ‘the earlier the better’ and ‘universal design as a specialist area’.Discussion/conclusions:  Although there are areas of synergy between occupational therapy and architecture in universal design, each profession has its own strengths and skills to bring to the design process. Given the multidisciplinary nature of ensuring designs support participation in occupations and roles, both professions could benefit from opportunities to meaningfully collaborate during professional education and in the workplace.
Use of data linkage to investigate the aetiology of acute lower respiratory infection hospitalisations in children
Authors: Moore Hannah C , de Klerk Nicholas , Keil Anthony D , Smith David W , Blyth Christopher C , Richmond Peter , Lehmann Deborah 
Published: November 2011

Aim:  To document the aetiology of acute lower respiratory infection (ALRI) hospitalisations in Western Australian children by linking population‐based laboratory data with hospital morbidity data.Methods:  Data from all ALRI hospitalisations and laboratory records related to respiratory pathogens between 2000 and 2005 were extracted and linked through a population‐based record linkage system. The proportion of specimens that were positive for each respiratory viral or bacterial pathogen was documented.Results:  Eight thousand nine hundred and eighty (45.2%) ALRI hospitalisations were linked to a laboratory record. Admissions to a private hospital and admissions from non‐metropolitan areas were less likely to have a linked laboratory record. In 57.9% of linked hospitalisations, a respiratory virus and/or a bacterial pathogen was identified. Frequently identified viral pathogens included respiratory syncytial virus (RSV; n= 3226; 39.5% of those tested), influenza viruses (n= 664; 8.5%), parainfluenza virus type 3 (n= 348; 4.6%), picornaviruses (n= 292; 22.3%) and adenoviruses (n= 211; 2.7%). RSV was identified in 63.7% of bronchiolitis admissions in those aged under 6 months and 33.1% of pneumonia admissions in those aged under 12 months. Influenza viruses were identified in 81.6% of influenza‐coded admissions. When a test was requested, Bordetella pertussis was identified in 21.2% of ALRI hospitalisations (n= 354), including 86.8% of whooping cough‐coded admissions.Conclusions:  This is the first report of population‐based data linkage between statewide laboratory data and hospitalisation records and demonstrates proof of principle. RSV continues to be an important pathogen in ALRI. As pathogens were identified across all diagnoses, relying on hospital diagnosis coding alone may not accurately estimate the burden of different categories of ALRI.
Could head circumference be used to screen for autism in young males with developmental delay?
Authors: Gray Kylie M , Taffe John , Sweeney Deborah J , Forster Sheridan , Tonge Bruce J 
Published: November 2011

Aim:  Research has suggested an abnormal acceleration in head circumference growth in children with autism within the first 12 months of life. This study aimed to examine head circumference at birth and head circumference growth rates in young children with autism and developmental delay, and young children with developmental delay without autism.Methods:  This study assessed head circumference at birth and rate of change in head circumference in young children with autism (n= 86) and children with developmental delay without autism (n= 40).Results:  For both groups of children, head circumference at birth and head circumference growth were compared with Centers for Disease Control normative data. No differences were found between the group of children with autism and developmental delay compared with the group with developmental delay only. However, when the sample was compared with a range of selected Centers for Disease Control normative medians, the children with autism were found to have significantly smaller head circumferences at birth and significantly larger head circumference at 18.5 months of age.Conclusions:  These results are discussed in relation to the potential of accelerated head circumference growth as an early marker for autism. This study failed to find a difference in the head circumferences of children with autism and developmental delay and children with developmental delay only, thus suggesting that head circumference measurement has limited value as an early marker for autism.
Demolition for Development: A Critical Analysis of Official Urban Imaginaries in Past and Present UK Cities
Authors: MAH ALICE 
Published: November 2011

AbstractThis article analyses official urban imaginaries of “demolition for development” in two different UK cities and time periods: 1) the City Improvement Scheme in Birmingham (1875–1914) during a time of rapid industrial growth, and 2) a housing‐led neighbourhood regeneration scheme in Walker, Newcastle upon Tyne (2000–2011) during a time of post‐industrial uncertainty. The concept of the “official urban imaginary” is employed to critically examine assumptions of growth, progress and success within “demolition for development” policies across different times and places. Drawing on both historical and sociological qualitative case study methods, this research contributes to a range of debates on urban regeneration, gentrification, creative destruction, comparative methodology, and imagining the city. The article argues that there is a serious need to rethink urban policy trajectories of property‐led regeneration and “planned gentrification”, particularly in the post‐2008 context of recession.
Optimal Equilibria of the Best Shot Game
Authors: DALL’ASTA LUCA , PIN PAOLO , RAMEZANPOUR ABOLFAZL 
Published: November 2011

AbstractWe consider any network environment in which the “best shot game” is played. This is the case where the possible actions are only two for every node (0 and 1), and the best response for a node is 1 if and only if all her neighbors play 0. A natural application of the model is one in which the action 1 is the purchase of a good, which is locally a public good, in the sense that it will be available also to neighbors. This game typically exhibits a great multiplicity of equilibria. Imagine a social planner whose scope is to find an optimal equilibrium, i.e., one in which the number of nodes playing 1 is minimal. Finding such an equilibrium is a very hard task for any nontrivial network architecture. We propose an implementable mechanism that, in the limit of infinite time, reaches an optimal equilibrium, even if this equilibrium and even the network structure are unknown to the social planner.
The Impact of Research Training and Research Codes of Practice on Submission of Doctoral Degrees: An Exploratory Cohort Study
Authors: Humphrey Robin , Marshall Neill , Leonardo Laura 
Published: November 2011

AbstractThe paper examines the impact of the transformations in doctoral education in the arts, humanities and social sciences in the United Kingdom over the past decade. It focuses on the introduction of formal research training and codes of research practice and in the first longitudinal candidate cohort study examines their impact on doctoral outcomes, especially Ph.D. submission rates. Results from this quantitative study show that engagement with research training, completion of a project outline and plan and appointment of a supervisory team were statistically positively associated with submission of the thesis within four years. It is concluded that the professionalisation of doctoral education by research training and codes of research practice has had a positive impact on doctoral educational outcomes.
Female customers' expectation of the service offering and their perception of the service quality in an emerging clothing market
Authors: Erasmus Alet C. , Grabowski Andrea 
Published: November 2011

AbstractWorldwide, clothing retailers that offer similar merchandise and even the same brands are flanked almost next to one another in shopping centres. Clothing retail therefore appears to be poorly differentiated, and it is not always clear why consumers prefer to patronize one store and avoid another. This study explored female consumers' expectations of the service offering and their perception of the service quality of prominent clothing retail channels in Tshwane, a major urban area in South Africa. The survey involved 243 females that were 20 years of age or older. They completed a structured questionnaire that investigated their (1) expectations of customer service in terms of tangible evidence of the service offering; and (2) perception of service quality using two different instruments by means of a direct measurement approach. Explorative factor analysis was used to reduce the data in terms of relevant dimensions of the respective measuring instruments and to determine the significance of the various dimensions of customer service and service quality in the context of this research. Contrary to what the literature proposes about consumers in an emerging economy, findings of this study suggest that females' expectations of the service offering of clothing retail stores were high. Their expectations were cognitively structured in terms of three elements of customer service, namely (1) physical facilities and product presentation; (2) personnel; and (3) store image and processes. Their perception of service quality revealed an opportunity to augment the service quality through attention to activities that are associated with personnel and the so‐called supportiveness dimensions of their service offering. Findings coincided with a prior investigation of Terblanche and Boshoff, although a re‐labelling of one dimension of their instrument is proposed to prevent confusion. Recommendations to augment the service quality of clothing retailers are made in terms of tangible evidence of the service offering.
From laparoscopic assisted radical vaginal hysterectomy to vaginal assisted laparoscopic radical hysterectomy
Authors: Koehler C , Gottschalk E , Chiantera V , Marnitz S , Hasenbein K , Schneider A 
Published: November 2011

Please cite this paper as: Koehler C, Gottschalk E, Chiantera V, Marnitz S, Hasenbein K, Schneider A. From laparoscopic assisted radical vaginal hysterectomy to vaginal assisted laparoscopic radical hysterectomy. BJOG 2012;119:254–262.Radical hysterectomy with pelvic lymphadenectomy is the standard surgical treatment for patients with early stage cervical cancer. The majority of radical hysterectomies are performed with the open technique. However, laparoscopic, combined laparoscopic and vaginal, and robotic‐assisted approaches may also be used. Compared with the abdominal radical hysterectomy (ARH), laparoscopic techniques are associated with less blood loss, shorter hospital stay, better cosmesis, and faster recovery. A further breakthrough in laparoscopic technique can only be made if safety and oncological clearance are comparable with ARH. We describe the technique and results of laparoscopic assisted radical vaginal hysterectomy and the transition to vaginal assisted laparoscopic radical hysterectomy.
Knowledge about patients’ rights among professionals in public health care in Finland
Authors: Iltanen Silja , Leino‐Kilpi Helena , Puukka Pauli , Suhonen Riitta 
Published: November 2011

Scand J Caring Sci; 2012; 26; 436–448Knowledge about patients’ rights among professionals in public health care in FinlandBackground:  The legal rights of patients include civil rights for patients and the duties of healthcare professionals. Knowledge of legislation and the ability to put juridical norms into practice are among the main aspects of professionals.Aim:  The aim of the study was to describe the level of healthcare professionals’ knowledge about patients’ legal rights and to describe background variables associated with the knowledge. The legal rights are based on the Finnish Act on the Status and Rights of Patients.Method:  The data were collected from healthcare professionals (nurses and physicians) in public health care in Finland (recruited N = 290, responded n = 191) with a questionnaire designed for the study. The response rate was 66%. The data were analysed statistically.Results:  Healthcare professionals were partially familiar with patients’ legal rights. The right to good health care, treatment and access to care and right to self‐determination were the best‐known areas. The respondents lacked knowledge on the right to information and the right to use the services of patient ombudsman. Based on self‐evaluation, half of the respondents thought that they had weak knowledge of the legislation on patients’ rights. However, they perceived knowledge about patients’ rights as being important. There was no correlation between respondents’ self‐evaluated knowledge and actual scoring on the knowledge test.Conclusion:  These results implicate a need for further education aimed at healthcare professionals and development of professional training about patients’ legal rights.
Silurian bolbozoids and cypridinids (Myodocopa) from Europe: pioneer pelagic ostracods
Authors: PERRIER VINCENT , VANNIER JEAN , SIVETER DAVID J. 
Published: November 2011

Abstract:  Bolbozoid and cypridinid myodocope ostracods from France, the Czech Republic and Sardinia consist of four genera (one new: Silurocypridina) and at least ten species (eight new: Bolbozoe acuta, B. rugosa, B. parvafraga, Parabolbozoe armoricana, Silurocypridina retroreticulata, S. variostriata, S. calva and Calocaria robusta). They have a functional design, palaeogeographical distribution, depositional setting and faunal associates that suggest that they were swimmers in the water column, living in dim light, relatively deep environments, above near bottom dysoxic/anoxic conditions. These myodocope faunas include some possible pelagic species sensu stricto, with widespread palaeogeographical (transoceanic) distribution, and some species that occupied hyperbenthic niches and were capable of making short incursions to the sediment to scavenge on carrion. These data support the model that Silurian myodocopes were pioneer pelagic ostracods.
Diffusion Tensor Imaging in Episodic Cluster Headache
Authors: Teepker Michael , Menzler Katja , Belke Marcus , Heverhagen Johannes T. , Voelker Maximilian , Mylius Veit , Oertel Wolfgang H. , Rosenow Felix , Knake Susanne 
Published: November 2011

Background.— Cluster headache (CH) is a rare headache disorder with severe unilateral headache bouts and autonomic symptoms. The pathophysiology of CH is not completely understood. Using a voxel‐based morphometric paradigm or functional imaging, a key role of the hypothalamus and the pain matrix could be demonstrated during CH episodes. However, there are no diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) data investigating the white matter microstructure of the brain in patients with CH. Therefore, we used DTI to delineate microstructural changes in patients with CH in a headache‐free state.Methods.— Seven male patients with episodic CH and 7 healthy subjects were included and examined with a routine 1.5 T magnetic resonance imaging scanner. Whole‐head DTI scans measuring fractional anisotropy were analyzed without a priori hypotheses using track‐based spatial statistics.Results.— We found significant microstructural brain tissue changes bilaterally in the white matter of the brainstem, the frontal lobe, the temporal lobe, the occipital lobe, the internal capsule, and on the right side of thalamus and cerebellum. There were further lesions in the basal frontal lobe that were part of the olfactory system. Alterations of fractional anisotropy in the brainstem might indicate changes of the medial lemniscus and central sympathetic pathways.Conclusions.— Patients with episodic CH have microstructural brain changes in regions that belong to the pain matrix. Furthermore, we were able to detect structural changes suggesting an involvement of the olfactory system as well as lesions in the brainstem indicating an involvement of trigeminal and sympathetic systems.
Reduced Fronto‐Cerebellar Functional Connectivity in Chronic Alcoholic Patients
Authors: Rogers Baxter P. , Parks Mitchell H. , Nickel Mark K. , Katwal Santosh B. , Martin Peter R. 
Published: November 2011

Background:  Alcohol dependence is associated with neurocognitive deficits related to neuropathological changes in structure, metabolism, and function of the brain. Impairments of motor functioning in alcoholics have been attributed to well‐characterized neuropathological brain abnormalities in cerebellum.
Methods:  Using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), we studied in vivo the functional connectivity between cerebellar and cortical brain regions. Participants were 10 uncomplicated chronic alcoholic patients studied after 5 to 7 days of abstinence when signs of withdrawal had abated and 10 matched healthy controls. We focused on regions of prefrontal, frontal, temporal, and parietal cortex that exhibited an fMRI response associated with nondominant hand finger tapping in the patients but not in the controls. We predicted that fronto‐cerebellar functional connectivity would be diminished in alcoholics compared with controls.
Results:  Functional connectivity in a circuit involving premotor areas (Brodmann Area 6) and Lobule VI of the superior cerebellum was reduced in the patients compared with the controls. Functional connectivity was also reduced in a circuit involving prefrontal cortex (Brodmann Area 9) and Lobule VIII of the inferior cerebellum. Reductions in connectivity were specific to fronto‐cerebellar circuits and were not found in other regions examined.
Conclusions:  Our findings show a pattern in recently abstinent alcoholic patients of specific deficits in functional connectivity and recruitment of additional brain regions for the performance of a simple finger‐tapping task. A small sample, differences in smoking, and a brief abstinence period preclude definitive conclusions, but this pattern of diminished fronto‐cerebellar functional connectivity is highly compatible with the characteristic neuropathological lesions documented in alcoholics and may reflect brain dysfunction associated with alcoholism.
Cannabinoid Receptor 1 Gene is Associated with Alcohol Dependence
Authors: Marcos Miguel , Pastor Isabel , de la Calle Cristina , Barrio‐Real Laura , Laso Francisco‐Javier , González‐Sarmiento Rogelio 
Published: November 2011

Background:  Alcohol dependence (AD) vulnerability is determined by a complex array of genetic factors. Given the potential role of endocannabinoid system in AD, polymorphisms within cannabinoid receptor 1 gene (CNR1) have been potentially associated with susceptibility to this disease. We thus aimed to examine the relationship between 3 allelic variants of CNR1 (rs6454674, rs1049353, and rs806368) and AD.
Methods:  Genotyping of the aforementioned polymorphisms was carried out by PCR in 298 male alcoholics (187 of them with AD) and 155 healthy controls. Single‐marker, haplotype, and interaction analysis were performed to analyze the influence of CNR1 gene on AD susceptibility.
Results:  We found an association between CNR1 gene and AD after haplotype analysis. Alcoholic patients with TGT haplotype (corresponding to rs6454674‐rs1049353‐rs806368 polymorphisms in this order) were less prone to have AD (p = 0.017). Besides, alcoholics with a G/T substitution of the first marker (GGT haplotype) or a C/T substitution of the third marker (TGC haplotype) were more likely to develop AD (p = 0.006 and 0.004, respectively) and an interaction was found between the G allele of rs6454674 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) and the C allele of rs806368 SNP (p = 0.009).
Conclusions:  Our findings support previously reported associations of CNR1 with dependence to alcohol and other substances and emphasizes the relevance of endocannabinoid system in AD.
Governing the Interplay between Industrial Ecosystems and Environmental Regulation
Authors: Salmi Olli , Hukkinen Janne , Heino Jyrki , Pajunen Nani , Wierink Maaria 
Published: November 2011

SummaryMany scholars of industrial ecology have focused on the institutional and organizational challenges of building and maintaining regional industrial symbiosis through the synergistic integration of material and energy flows. Despite the promise that these intellectual developments hold for the future dematerialization of industrial production, they rarely address the actual regulatory obstacles of turning wastes into raw materials. In this article we introduce a potential future industrial symbiosis around the Gulf of Bothnia between Finland and Sweden, and assess the regulatory bottlenecks related to waste by‐product consideration.We find that although the Gulf of Bothnia region has technological and economic potential for industrial symbiosis, the regulatory support for this is insufficient. We suggest a common pool resource‐based governance system that could utilize market and regulatory mechanisms in a regional‐level cross‐border system of governance. Importantly, the suggested governance system would protect the users of potential raw materials from unpredictable waste regulation, market risks related to large‐scale material flows, and societal risks of hazardous waste treatment.