bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The benefit of adjuvant chemotherapy following pancreaticoduodenectomy for pancreatic adenocarcinoma depends on response to neoadjuvant therapy
Authors: Carpenter Elizabeth L. , Van Decar Spencer G. , McCarthy Patrick M. , Valdera Franklin A. , Adams Alexandra M. , O'Shea Anne E. , Smolinsky Todd , Thomas Katryna , Clifton Guy T. , Newhook Timothy E. , Peoples George E. , Nelson Daniel W. , Vreeland Timothy J. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe benefit of adjuvant therapy (AT) remains unclear in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) after neoadjuvant therapy (NAT) and surgical resection.MethodsThe 2019 National Cancer Database was queried for patients with non‐metastatic PDAC who received NAT followed by pancreaticoduodenectomy. Only patients with data regarding receipt of AT were included. Patients were classified if they had nodal down‐staging specifically, or any downstaging (Tumor, Nodal, or overall). Propensity score matching (PSM) adjusted for pretreatment covariate imbalance between groups. The weighted Kaplan–Meier method and log‐rank test were used to estimate the cumulative survival.ResultsAfter exclusion criteria and PSM, a total of 2784 patients remained; 1689 (60.7%) received AT and 1095 (39.3%) did not receive AT. Among all, those with additional AT had a significantly improved overall survival (OS) (p < 0.001). Upon evaluation of patients without downstaging after NAT, those who received AT had improved OS (no nodal downstaging or any downstaging; p = 0.002; p = 0.001). When evaluating patients with downstaging after NAT, those receiving AT did not have improved OS (nodal downstaging or any downstaging: p = 0.352; p = 0.99).ConclusionResponse to NAT appears to correlate with the benefit of AT following pancreaticoduodenectomy; patients who have a favorable response to NAT may not benefit from AT.
Ultra‐Narrow Linewidth Polariton Lasing in Optically Trapped Bose‐Einstein Condensates at Room Temperature
Authors: Wang Yaqi , Zhou Binru , Zhang Xingfei , Zheng Huying , Wang Runchen , Dong Junxing , Wang Lisheng , Zhang Yunwei , Li Zhicong , Zhang Yiyun , Yi Xiaoyan , Wang Junxi , Li Jinmin , Zhu Hai 
Published: May 2024

AbstractPolariton lasing via Bose‐Einstein condensation (BEC) provides a peculiar method to achieve low threshold coherent light sources. Until now, the cryogenic operating temperature required for polariton lasers has hampered the development of polaritonics. Here, a novel approach is first reported to realize the ultra‐narrow linewidth polariton lasing under quasi‐3D quantum confinement at room‐temperature (RT). The potential trap landscape is constructed by ring‐shaped optical excitation, wherein the continuum polariton dispersion is modulated into discrete simple harmonic oscillator (SHO) states. The coherent condensation lasing of trapped polaritons occurs beyond the threshold power. Benefiting from the horizontal quantum confinement, the trapped polariton lasing exhibits an ultra‐narrow linewidth (0.7 meV) and excellent quality factor (Q = 3510). Moreover, the second‐order quantum coherence properties of trapped polariton condensation are determined to reveal the quantum phase transition of Bosonic system. The results offer a feasible route for realizing a low‐threshold ultra‐narrow linewidth polariton laser at RT, which significantly facilitates the fabrication of polariton laser and switches on opportunities for future applications.
Giant Optical Nonlinear Response up to 60th‐Order Induced by the Ytterbium Energy Relay Mediated Photon Avalanches
Authors: Wang Chenyi , Wen Zizhao , Pu Rui , Zhan Qiuqiang 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe exploration of photon avalanching (PA) luminescence in different lanthanide emitters has profound implications in plentiful frontier applications. However, studies for universal mechanisms at the nanoscale to exhibit giant nonlinear responses in various avalanching emitters are limited. Here, record‐breaking nonlinear responses up to 60th‐order in high‐lying emitting levels of various emitters at room temperature are generated by proposing a universal mechanism named energy relay‐mediated photon avalanche (enrePA). By harnessing energy from the avalanching nano‐engine through the energy relay of Yb3+ ions, the brightness of blue emissions from Tm3+ and Ho3+ can be enhanced with giant optical nonlinearity up to 60th and 38th order, respectively. Further incorporating gadolinium‐based systems, more emitters (Tb3+, Eu3+, Dy3+, Nd3+) can be activated with extreme optical nonlinearities up to 48th‐order. By expanding PA into the full‐spectrum range, the enrePA mechanism opens exciting avenues for flexible and high‐efficiency PA modulation in multilayer nanostructures, enabling the applicability of PA in more technologies such as super‐resolution imaging, lithography, and optical detection.
Fisetin induces G2/M phase arrest and caspase‐mediated cleavage of p21Cip1 and p27Kip1 leading to apoptosis and tumor growth inhibition in HNSCC
Authors: Yadav Monika , Kandhari Kushal , Mathan Sivapar V. , Ali Mansoor , Singh Rana P. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe anticancer potential and associated mechanisms of flavonoid fisetin are yet to be fully investigated on human head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). In the present study, fisetin (25‐75 µM for 24–48 h) dose‐dependently inhibited growth and induced death in HNSCC Cal33 and UM‐SCC‐22B cells, without showing any death in normal cells. Fisetin (25–50 µM) induced G2/M phase arrest via decrease in Cdc25C, CDK1, cyclin B1 expression, and an increase in p53(S15). A concentration‐dependent increase in fisetin‐induced DNA damage and apoptosis in HNSCC cells was authenticated by comet assay, gamma‐H2A.X(S139) phosphorylation, and marked cleavage of PARP protein. Interestingly, fisetin‐induced cell death occurred independently of p53 and reactive oxygen species production. The activation of JNK and inhibition of PI3K/Akt, ERK1/2, EGFR, and STAT‐3 signaling were identified. Further, fisetin‐induced apoptosis was mediated, in part, via p21Cip1 and p27Kip1 cleavage by caspase, which was reversed by z‐VAD‐FMK, a pan‐caspase inhibitor. Subsequently, fisetin was also found to induce autophagy; nevertheless, autophagy attenuation exaggerated apoptosis. Oral fisetin (50 mg/kg body weight) treatment to establish Cal33 xenograft in mice for 19 days showed 73% inhibition in tumor volume (p < 0.01) along with a decrease in Ki67‐positive cells and an increase in cleaved caspase‐3 level in tumors. Consistent with the effect of 50 µM fisetin in vitro, the protein levels of p21Cip1 and P27Kip1 were also decreased by fisetin in tumors. Together, these findings showed strong anticancer efficacy of fisetin against HNSCC with downregulation of EGFR‐Akt/ERK1/2‐STAT‐3 pathway and activation of JNK/c‐Jun, caspases and caspase‐mediated cleavage of p21Cip1 and p27Kip1.
Subdermal dissection technique for pure skin SCIA and ALT perforator flaps in burns and trauma defects: Clinical experience
Authors: Lin Wu Zhan Q. , Bulla Antonio , Aguilera Sáez Jorge , Serracanta Domènech Jordi , Barret Juan P. , Rivas Nicolls Danilo A. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe pure skin perforator (PSP) flap is gaining popularity for its remarkable thinness. The subdermal dissection technique was recently introduced, allowing for a quicker elevation of a PSP flap. In this report, we present our two‐year experience utilizing subdermal dissection for harvesting PSP flaps.MethodsAll patients who had undergone PSP flap reconstruction at our hospital from February 2021 to February 2023 were included. Demographic data, intraoperative variables, flap characteristics, and postoperative outcomes were collected. Surgical planning involved locating the perforator using ultrasound and harvesting the flap using the subdermal dissection technique.ResultsA total of 26 PSP flap reconstructions were conducted on 24 patients aged between 15 and 86 years. The flaps were based on perforators issuing from the superficial circumflex iliac artery in 24 cases, and from the descending branch of the lateral circumflex femoral artery in 2 cases. Flap sizes ranged from 3 × 1.5 cm to 19 × 6 cm, with a mean thickness of 3.48 mm. The average time for flap harvest was 131.92 min. Postoperatively, we observed four cases of partial necrosis, 1 total flap loss, and 2 instances of vascular thrombosis at the anastomosis site. The flaps exhibited good pliability without contracture, and no debulking procedures were required during the follow‐up period (minimum 6 months, range 6–24; mean 9.4615).ConclusionThe subdermal dissection technique is a safe and efficient approach for elevating PSP flaps. Our initial experience with this technique has been encouraging, and it currently serves as our preferred reconstructive option for defects requiring thin reconstruction.
Microwave photonic multitap filter with bipolar coefficients based on dual‐input Mach–Zehnder modulator
Authors: Wang Lin 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis article introduces and experimentally validates a novel microwave photonic filter featuring multiple taps and employing bipolar coefficients. The filter utilizes a dual‐input modulator and a laser array for coefficient adjustment. Experimental verification of the proposed concept showcases a three‐tap bipolar microwave photonic notch filter with a reduced notch width and a flat passband. The innovative design of this filter offers benefits such as a straightforward configuration and enhanced system stability.
Properties of a Lorentz correlated beam in uniaxial crystal
Authors: Zhu Peiying , Wang Guiqiu , Yin Yan , Wang Yaochuan , Zhong Haiyang , Liu Dajun 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe equation of a Lorentz‐correlated Schell‐model beam (LCSMB) in a uniaxial crystal is derived, and the relation of spreading properties and coherence with and are analyzed during propagation. The intensity of an LCSMB in the uniaxial crystal will evolve from Lorentz distribution into diamond distribution, and the LCSMB with smaller will evolve from Gaussian distribution into Lorentz distribution faster. The distribution of coherence of an LCSMB will lose the Lorentz distribution and become an elliptical distribution as increases.
Fabrication and characteristics of the C3+‐ion implanted and femtosecond‐laser ablated RTP 2D waveguide
Authors: Zhang Jie‐Yu , Chen Yang‐Zhi , Yang Yi‐Chen , Wang Liang‐Ling , Liu Chun‐Xiao 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIn this work, a two‐dimensional (2D) waveguide on the 6.0 × 106‐eV C3+‐ion implanted RbTiOPO4 structure was prepared by the femtosecond laser under the manufacturing parameters of 3.0 μJ energy and 50.0 μm/s ablation velocity. The energy loss and damage profile were simulated by the SRIM 2013 for the irradiation with a fluence of 1 × 1014 ions/cm2. The end‐face and the surface of the 2D RbTiOPO4 crystal waveguide were characterized by a Nikon microscope. The refractive index profile and the near‐field intensity profile were studied by the ICM and the end‐face coupling technique, respectively. The RTP crystal 2D waveguide can well confine the light propagation and has the potentiality to serve as integrated photonic devices.
Patient‐reported signs and symptoms of urinary tract infections after video‐urodynamic studies in individuals with neurogenic lower urinary tract dysfunction—A single‐center observational study
Authors: van Beek Judith , Sobhani Human , Wöllner Jens , Pannek Jürgen , Krebs Jörg 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundVideo‐urodynamic studies (VUDS) are the recommended standard of diagnostic care to objectively assess neurogenic lower urinary tract dysfunction (NLUTD) in individuals with spinal cord injury/disease (SCI/D). This examination requires the insertion of a catheter into the bladder, which increases the risk of a urinary tract infection (UTI). Data on symptomatic UTIs after VUDS are limited.MethodsA single‐center, observational study was conducted to evaluate the incidence of patient‐reported UTI signs and symptoms 7 days after VUDS. No peri‐interventional antibiotics were administered. The effect of sex, age, SCI/D duration, bladder evacuation method, bacteriuria, UTI prophylaxis, UTI history, or unfavorable VUDS results on the occurrence of patient‐reported UTI signs or symptoms after VUDS was examined using binary logistic regression analysis.ResultsA total of 140 individuals with a mean age of 59.1 ± 14.0 years and a median SCI/D duration of 15.0 years (6/29 years) were evaluated. Seven days (mean 7 ± 1 days) after VUDS, 42 (30%) individuals reported at least one UTI sign or symptom. In the majority, signs and symptoms resolved without the need for antibiotic treatment, which was required in seven participants (5%). Male sex significantly (p = 0.04) increased the odds (odds ratio 3.74) of experiencing UTI signs and symptoms after VUDS.ConclusionsIn individuals with NLUTD, 30% experienced UTI signs and symptoms 1 week after VUDS. However, these signs and symptoms were transient and only 5% required antibiotic treatment. Thus, antibiotic prophylaxis does not seem necessary in all individuals with SCI/D undergoing VUDS.
Preparation of polyethylene/Siloxene nanocomposites through siloxene‐MgCl supported Ziegler‐Natta catalyst
Authors: Yan Xin , Fang Liang , Zhang Hexin , Yang Jianming , Yoon Keun‐Byoung 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe two‐dimensional (2D) inorganic fillers could significantly improve the properties of polyolefin, thereby satisfying a wider range of applications. Herein, in this research, high‐performance polyethylene (PE)/siloxene nanocomposites were prepared through an in‐situ polymerization with layered siloxene‐supported Ti‐based catalyst. The catalytic ethylene polymerization activity of the siloxene‐supported Ziegler‐Natta catalyst was almost twice that of the MgCl2/TiCl4 catalyst when equal weights of catalysts were used. During the in‐situ polymerization, the layered siloxene fillers exhibited uniform dispersion within the PE matrix. The incorporation of a minimal amount of siloxene filler resulted in a notable enhancement in the thermal stability and mechanical properties of PE. The breaking strength, modulus, elongation at break, and Td5% of PE/siloxene nanocomposites with only 0.71 wt% siloxene were increased by 115.7%, 45.6%, 50.6%, and 58.2°C, respectively. Therefore, this research presents a straightforward method for manufacturing PE with outstanding performance.Highlights
PE/siloxene nanocomposites were prepared through in‐situ polymerization.
Siloxene is uniformly scattered in the PE matrix.
The siloxene and matrix exhibit excellent interfacial adhesion.
PE/siloxene nanocomposites with excellent properties were obtained.
Structured reporting in fetal magnetic resonance imaging with congenital diaphragmatic hernia
Authors: Thater G. , Weidner A. , Rafat N. , Nowak O. , Otto C. , Zahn K. , Boettcher M. , Schönberg S. O. , Schaible T. , Weis M. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractObjectiveWe aim to provide a template structured report of fetal Magnetic Resonance Imaging in congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) that was locally validated by the CDH study group in Mannheim.MethodsA selection of 50 fetal MRIs of patients with an isolated diaphragmatic hernia and associated radiology reports from five different senior radiologists from a single center resulted in a primary structured report, which was put into practice by using dedicated software. A questionnaire survey of the interdisciplinary CDH study group Mannheim was used to adapt the report to the clinical requirements.ResultsThere was a huge variability in how deep the free text reports go into detail. The side of the hernia was named in 94% of cases. In 58%, both the lung volume and the total lung volume were reported. A comparison with the expected lung volume was reported in 66% of cases. Additional findings, such as herniated organs, were reported in 96% of cases. Overall satisfaction with the newly established structured report was high within the CDH study group with a mean of 4.7.ConclusionsThe use of the structured report of this study can optimize the interdisciplinary dialog, the standardization of report content, increase report completeness and improve quality.
A comprehensive review of carbon nanomaterials in the drilling industry
Authors: Ospanov Y. K. , Kudaikulova G. A. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractLately, carbon nanomaterials have garnered significant attention across a spectrum of industrial sectors. Their exceptional chemical, physical, mechanical, and thermal attributes have made them indispensable for enhancing the effectiveness and cost‐efficiency of drilling fluids. Particularly, graphene‐based nanomaterials have emerged as potent solutions to address challenges in the oil and gas industry. This review consolidates the contributions of diverse carbon‐based nanomaterials to the oil and gas sector, with a specific focus on their impact on the rheological properties of drilling fluids. It offers a comprehensive overview of recent advancements in carbon‐based nanomaterial applications within the drilling industry, encompassing crucial aspects of drilling fluids such as their response to temperature fluctuations, pH variations, and the influence of chemical additives. Furthermore, it assesses the efficacy of these carbon‐based nanomaterials in enhancing oil recovery processes and modulating rheological behavior. Various graphenoids, including graphene, graphene oxide, and carbon nanoplates, have been analyzed for their effects on key rheological properties such as plastic viscosity (PV), yield point (YP), gel strength (GS), filtrate loss (FL), and mud cake thickness (MCT). Lastly, the review delineates the current obstacles and potential future directions in the application of carbon‐based nanomaterials in the industry.
Slippery sequences stall the 26S proteasome at multiple points along the translocation pathway
Authors: Ragwan Edwin R. , Kisker Faith M. , Morning Amelia R. , Weiser Kaya R. , Lago Athena V. , Kraut Daniel A. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIn eukaryotes, the ubiquitin‐proteasome system is responsible for intracellular protein degradation. Proteins tagged with ubiquitin are recognized by ubiquitin receptors on the 19S regulatory particle (RP) of the 26S proteasome, unfolded, routed through the translocation channel of the RP, and are then degraded in the 20S core particle (CP). Aromatic paddles on the pore‐1 loops of the RP's Rpt subunits grip the substrate and pull folded domains into the channel, thereby unfolding them. The sequence that the aromatic paddles grip while unfolding a substrate is therefore expected to influence the extent of unfolding, and low complexity sequences have been shown to interfere with grip. However, the detailed spatial requirements for grip while unfolding proteins, particularly from the N‐terminus, remain unknown. We determined how the location of glycine‐rich tracts relative to a folded domain impairs unfolding. We find that, in contrast to a previous report, inserting glycine‐rich sequences closer to the folded domain reduced unfolding ability more than positioning them further away. Locations that have the biggest effect on unfolding map onto the regions where the aromatic paddles are predicted to interact with the substrate. Effects on unfolding from locations up to 67 amino acids away from the folded domain suggest that there are additional interactions between the substrate and the proteasome beyond the aromatic paddles that facilitate translocation of the substrate. In sum, this study deepens understanding of the mechanical interactions within the substrate channel by mapping the spacing of interactions between the substrate and the proteasome during unfolding.
A decoupling method for analyzing foldover designs
Authors: Hamre Yngvild Hole , Tyssedal John Sølve 
Published: May 2024

AbstractFoldover designs often have attractive properties. Among these is that the effects can be divided into two orthogonal subspaces, one for odd effects and one for even effects. In this paper, we introduce a new method for analyzing foldover designs called the decoupling method that exploits this trait. Utilizing mirror image pair runs, two new responses are created, where each of them is only affected by effects in one of the orthogonal subspaces. Thereby the analysis of odd and even effects can be performed in two independent steps, enabling use of standard statistical procedures and formal testing of the presence of higher‐order interactions. The method is demonstrated on real data from a foldover of a 12‐run Plackett‐Burman (PB) design, and further evaluated through a simulation study, in which the decoupling method is compared to existing analysis methods. To get a thorough understanding of the properties, both a PB design and an OMARS design are used, and different design sizes and heredity scenarios considered. The method is especially suited for screening, as it yields high power for detecting the active effects.
Uncovering mangrove range limits using very high resolution satellite imagery to detect fine‐scale mangrove and saltmarsh habitats in dynamic coastal ecotones
Authors: Doughty Cheryl L. , Cavanaugh Kyle C. , Chapman Samantha , Fatoyinbo Lola 
Published: May 2024

AbstractMangroves are important ecosystems for coastal biodiversity, resilience and carbon dynamics that are being threatened globally by human pressures and the impacts of climate change. Yet, at several geographic range limits in tropical–temperate transition zones, mangrove ecosystems are expanding poleward in response to changing macroclimatic drivers. Mangroves near range limits often grow to smaller statures and form dynamic, patchy distributions with other coastal habitats, which are difficult to map using moderate‐resolution (30‐m) satellite imagery. As a result, many of these mangrove areas are missing in global distribution maps. To better map small, scrub mangroves, we tested Landsat (30‐m) and Sentinel (10‐m) against very high resolution (VHR) Planet (3‐m) and WorldView (1.8‐m) imagery and assessed the accuracy of machine learning classification approaches in discerning current (2022) mangrove and saltmarsh from other coastal habitats in a rapidly changing ecotone along the east coast of Florida, USA. Our aim is to (1) quantify the mappable differences in landscape composition and complexity, class dominance and spatial properties of mangrove and saltmarsh patches due to image resolution; and (2) to resolve mapping uncertainties in the region. We found that the ability of Landsat to map mangrove distributions at the leading range edge was hampered by the size and extent of mangrove stands being too small for detection (50% accuracy). WorldView was the most successful in discerning mangroves from other wetland habitats (84% accuracy), closely followed by Planet (82%) and Sentinel (81%). With WorldView, we detected 800 ha of mangroves within the Florida range‐limit study area, 35% more mangroves than were detected with Planet, 114% more than Sentinel and 537% more than Landsat. Higher‐resolution imagery helped reveal additional variability in landscape metrics quantifying diversity, spatial configuration and connectedness among mangrove and saltmarsh habitats at the landscape, class and patch scales. Overall, VHR satellite imagery improved our ability to map mangroves at range limits and can help supplement moderate‐resolution global distributions and outdated regional maps.