bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Systematic approach to hair loss in women
Authors: Trüeb Ralph M. 
Published: September 2010

SummaryDiffuse hair loss is a common complaint and cause of significant emotional distress particularly in women. The best way to alleviate the anxiety is to effectively treat the hair loss. It is paramount to address the symptom systematically. In addition to its psychological impact, hair loss may be a manifestation of a more general medical problem. The diagnosis can be established with a detailed patient history focussing on chronology of events, examination of the scalp and pattern of hair loss, a pull test with examination of bulbs of shed hairs, trichoscopy, and few pertinent screening blood tests. In selected cases a scalp biopsy may be required. The most important differential diagnoses include acute and chronic telogen effluvium, female pattern hair loss, and diffuse alopecia areata. Occasionally, patients seeking advice are not necessarily losing hair. In the absence of convincing evidence of hair loss, they are suffering of psychogenic pseudoeffluvium, and thought should be given to an underlying psychological disorder. Once the diagnosis is established, treatment appropriate for that diagnosis is likely to control the hair loss. Finally, appropriate psychological support and education about the basics of the hair cycle, and why considerable patience is required for effective cosmetic recovery, are essential to help limit patient anxiety.
Combination therapy with extracorporeal photopheresis, interferon‐α, PUVA and topical corticosteroids in the management of Sézary syndrome
Authors: Booken Nina , Weiß Christel , Utikal Jochen , Felcht Moritz , Goerdt Sergij , Klemke Claus‐Detlev 
Published: September 2010

Summary Background: Extracorporeal photopheresis (ECP) is recommended for the treatment of Sézary syndrome (SS), the leukemic variant of cutaneous T‐cell lymphoma (CTCL). Several combination therapies are used to increase response rates to ECP. Patients and Methods: We report our experience with the combination therapy of ECP, interferon‐α, PUVA and topical corticosteroids in SS. Results: The treatment outcome in 12 SS patients was retrospectively analyzed and showed an overall response rate to this combination treatment of 42 % with 4/12 patients achieving a partial remission and 1/12 patients a stable disease. The median overall survival time was 42 months. We investigated several clinical and laboratory parameters as an indicator for a response to treatment in our patient cohort. A combined analysis of the erythroderma assessment scale, WBC, LDH, CD4/CD8 ratio and the number of Sézary cells revealed that a reduction of several parameters significantly correlated with response to treatment. The parameters which correlated best with response were number of Sézary cells, CD4/CD8 ratio and WBC. Conclusions: The investigated combination therapy was effective and well‐tolerated in a subgroup of SS patients but needs to be evaluated in a larger patient population.
Photodynamic therapy in dermatology
Authors: Steinbauer Julia M. , Schreml Stephan , Kohl Elisabeth A. , Karrer Sigrid , Landthaler Michael , Szeimies Rolf‐Markus 
Published: September 2010

SummaryPhotodynamic therapy (PDT) is a modern therapy modality, based upon the application of a photosensitizing agent like aminolevulinic acid, a physiological precursor of porphyrins, onto the tissue followed by illumination with light of the visible wavelength spectrum. During this oxygen‐dependent reaction, reactive oxygen species (ROS) are generated that have immunomodulatory or cytotoxic effects. PDT shows excellent cosmetic results especially for its key indication in dermatology – the treatment of non‐melanoma skin cancer. The associated pain and the low tissue penetration are the most frequent limiting factors of PDT. We review basic principles and recent developments in photosensitizers and light sources. Key oncological and non‐oncological indications are presented as well.
Histamine as an immunomodulator
Authors: Bäumer Wolfgang , Roßbach Kristine 
Published: September 2010

SummaryThe role of histamine as an important proinflammatory mediator has been well known for nearly 100 years. In regards to the immediate type allergic response, there is no debate about the importance of histamine. In addition, histamine has immunomodulatory functions, some of which are related to the histamine H2 receptor. However, with the discovery of the histamine H4receptor in the year 2000, the role of histamine as an immunomodulator became more obvious. The histamine H4receptor is expressed on several hematopoietic cells; along with the chemotaxis of immune cells, this recently characterized receptor modulates also the cytokine and chemokine secretion of some hematopoietic cells. Highly selective histamine H4receptor antagonists display promising results in animal models of allergic inflammatory diseases and also in in vitro studies on animal and human cells. These first results indicate that the histamine H4receptor is an interesting new pharmacological target for the treatment of allergic inflammatory disorders. This review summarizes the most important immunomodulatory functions of histamine and points to some possible indications in dermatology.
Annular fixed drug eruption
Authors: Tan Cheng , Zhu Wen‐Yuan 
Published: September 2010

SummaryFixed drug eruption (FDE) usually presents as a single oval to round violaceous patch after administration of the causative drug. We describe a case of FDE presenting with multiple annular erythematous lesions over dorsal aspects of both feet following the administration of phenobarbital. To the best of our knowledge, such an atypical demonstration had never been reported. Fixed drug eruption should be considered in the differential diagnosis of annular lesions.
Sofa dermatitis
Authors: Schad Karin , Nobbe Stephan , French Lars E. , Ballmer‐Weber Barbara 
Published: September 2010

SummaryFurniture components can cause contact allergies. In the last years several cases of eczema after sofa contact have been reported. Typically the skin lesions develop on the back, the buttocks, the dorsal aspects of the thighs and arms and are often very resistant to topical corticoid therapy. Dimethylfumarate (DMF) is postulated to be the causative agent for this Type IV hypersensitivity reaction. DMF is an antimicrobial substance, which is used in asian upholstered furniture industry amongst others. We report the case of a 65‐year old patient with generalised severely itching maculopapular, partly eczematous skin lesions on the buttocks, back, abdomen and arms.The resistance to therapy, several relapses after discharge from hospital as well as the detailed history lead us to the tentative diagnosis. The sofa dermatitis was proven by positive patch testing with furniture material and dimethylfumarate.
Four Agrilus species (Coleoptera: Buprestidae: Agrilinae) new to Korea
Authors: LEE Jun‐Gu , KIM Jin Ill , AHN Kee‐Jeong 
Published: September 2010

AbstractFour species of the genus Agrilus Curtis, A. fissus Obenberger, A. marginicollis Saunders, A. plasoni plasoni Obenberger and A. rokuyai rokuyai Kurosawa, are reported for the first time in Korea. Descriptions, habitus photos and illustrations of aedeagus are provided.
New records of three species of genus Gabrius Stephens (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae) in Korea
Authors: CHO Young Bok 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThree Gabrius species, Gabrius mandschuricus Bernhauer, G. praesignis Schillhammer and G. zerchei Schillhammer, are identified for the first time in Korea. A taxonomic key of Korean Gabrius species is provided.
Experimental Cage Culture of Channel Catfish in Heated Discharge Water
Authors: Tilton John E. , Kelley James E. 
Published: September 2010

ABSTRACTCage culture of catfish was tested in heated waters that were discharged from steam‐electric generating stations. Preliminary results indicated that catfish could be successfully cultured. In one cage a net increase in weight of 400% was obtained in 62 days.
The Influence of Feed Levels on the Growth of Grooved Penaeid Shrimp in Mariculture1
Authors: Subrahmanyam C. B. , Oppenheimer C. H. 
Published: September 2010

ABSTRACTVarious sizes of grooved penaeid shrimp were fed 5 and 10% of their body weight. An economical feed level giving best growth is discussed.
Preliminary Report on the Culture of the Stone Crab
Authors: Yang Won Tack 
Published: September 2010

ABSTRACTMass‐culture experiments of stone crab (Menippe mercenaria) were successfully performed in 1970. Ovigerous female stone crabs were obtained from traps set in Biscayne Bay, Miami, Florida. The females were held separately in indoor aquaria. A maximum of 10 ovipositions (spawnings) within one inter‐molt phase were observed for a single female over a 120‐day period. During this period, the embryonic duration of the eggs was approximately 10 days at temperatures of 29 to 30 C, and the period between larval hatching and the female's next oviposition was 2 to 3 days.The duration of the larval period (five zoeal stages and one megalopal stage) was 14 days at temperatures ranging between 30.5 and 32.0 C, with salinity in excess of 30 ppt; 18 days were required at temperatures ranging from 28.0 to 30.0 C in the same salinity range. The time requirements in mass culture were found to be greatly reduced compared with individual compartment culture methods, which normally would take 20 to 21 days.Experiments using two different filtered seawater media were performed. In one, seawater was filtered through a 165 μ mesh screen; in the second seawater was filtered through a fine dacron wool filter. Results were similar.Initial larval culture media was stabilized by adding Chlorella to the culture seawater. The early zoeae were fed with separately cultured rotifers (Branchionus plicatilis) and Artemia nauplii. Only Artemia nauplii were provided for the late zoeal stages. The food for megalopae and juveniles was chopped fish and squid. To reduce cannibalism in the megalopal stages a screen‐ring was installed. This screen also provided a good substratum for settling.The maximum young crab yield was about 360 second‐stage crabs in a 200 1 plastic container, and 960 second‐stage crabs in a 600 1 capacity wooden tank. The best survival rate from hatching to the first crab stage was about 9%. Mortality occurred primarily in the magalopal stage.A promising future for stone crab culture is indicated from the growth rates obtained beyond the juvenile crab stage. Individuals reared separately in the indoor aquaria showed rapid growth. The most rapidly growing individual reached a carapace length of 9.1 cm and a weight of 236 g in 7 months from hatching. Approximately 10 molts are required to reach this size from the first crab stage. The color pattern of the cultured crab was noticeably different from that found in nature.
Thermal Aquaculture Design1
Authors: Yee William C. 
Published: September 2010

ABSTRACTThis paper presents a conceptual design for intensive aquaculture in flowing warm water. Shrimp biology and technology were used as the model, but the concept is applicable to any culturable aquatic species. A culture channel was divided into pens, each successively larger in bottom surface area than the last. Each pen area was proportional to the area of a segment of a typical S‐shaped shrimp growth curve. Heated water was blended with ambient water to maintain a constant water inlet temperature of 27 C. The stream of uniform depth flowed through the channel at a constant rate. Shrimp in culture were allowed to remain in one pen until they attained a density, g per m2, which was constant for all pens. They were moved successively to larger and larger pens until they reached a specified marketable size. Once the system reaches steady‐state, it should be possible to harvest continually, say week after week, the year‐round.
Distribution of Aquatic Macrofauna in a Marsh on West Galveston Bay, Texas and Possible Effects Thereon Resulting from Impoundments for Shrimp Culture
Authors: Parker Jack C. , Klussmann Wallace G. , Holcomb Hoyt W. , McNeill James C. 
Published: September 2010

ABSTRACTA survey was conducted to identify the macrofauna of a marsh adjacent to West Galveston Bay, Texas. The factors affecting its distribution were studied to help evaluate changes which might result in the event that large areas of the marsh were impounded for shrimp culture.As a result of frequent tidal floods, saline conditions generally prevailed within the marsh. Freshwater floods resulting from local rainfall were common, but salt leached from the bottom sediments coupled with subsequent tidal floods readily reestablished saline conditions.The fauna consisted of a variety of marine and estuarine species. Those species that were abundant throughout the year and constituted the stable macrofauna were Cyprinodon variegatus, Fundulus grandis, Poecilia latipinna, Mugil cephalus, Menidia beryllina, Palaemonetes sp., and Callinectes sapidus. These are among the hardiest of coastal aquatic animals and exhibited broad temperature and salinity tolerances.Marine dependent species were able to enter the marsh during tidal floods, and many were trapped when waters receded. Postlarvae of some of these species were able to invade the marsh at normal tide level through narrow, vegetation‐clogged ditches leading inland from the bay. Conditions were seldom favorable, however, for the return of marine species to the bay. They usually died as a result of low temperatures during the winter or drought conditions during the summer. These species generally disappeared from the marsh following freshwater floods and it was assumed that they were either forced out into the bay or died as a result of the rapid decline in salinity which usually occurred.Construction of large‐scale impoundments for shrimp culture, at the expense of removing flooded grasslands, would alter the physical features of the marsh and significantly reduce habitat suitable for year‐round survival of the stable macrofauna. In addition, competitor and predator control in these ponds would require the removal of all aquatic macrofauna other than shrimp. The impact of these changes on the total marsh ecosystem is not known but should be considered and studied in detail before ponds are constructed. Conceivably, marsh areas could be managed so as to insure a reasonable amount of habitat for the stable macrofauna while allowing ample lands for shrimp culture.
Artificially Induced Spawning of the Florida Pompano Under Controlled Conditions1
Authors: Hoff Frank , Rowell Carlton , Pulver Terry 
Published: September 2010

ABSTRACTPompano (Trachinotus carolinus), conditioned by temperature and light and stimulated by hormone injections, were forced to spawn during the non‐breeding season. Three consecutive regimes of temperature and light were used: 1) 26 days at 18 C and 10 hours light; 2) 21 days at 23 C and 13 hours light; and 3) 25 to 33 days at 28 C and 15 hours light. Conditioned fish were then periodically injected with varying dosages of human chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG) and pregnant mare serum (PMS). Spawning was obtained only from HCG injected fish. Ripe eggs were expressed 80 hours after the initial injection. Fertilized eggs hatched after 24 to 26 hours at 28 C.
Comparative Growth, Mortality and Efficiency of Pompano (Trachinotus Carolinus) Receiving a Diet of Ground Industrial fish with those receiving A Diet of trout chow1
Authors: Tatum Walter M. 
Published: September 2010

ABSTRACTHigh costs of commercially produced feeds coupled with high conversions of feed to fish flesh inflates the production cost of marine fish and shellfish and subsequently reduces the opportunity for profit to the potential mariculturist. This paper summarizes the results of tests conducted utilizing a diet of inexpensive ground industrial fish mixed with soybean meal and compares the growth, mortality and efficiency of fish receiving this diet to those receiving a diet of commercially produced trout chow. Discussed also are techniques used in capturing and rearing young pompano for the tests as well as actual cultural techniques.
Shrimp Culture Studies in Honduras 1969–1971
Authors: Broom Jerry G. 
Published: September 2010

ABSTRACTTwo 2.23 ha and two 0.2 ha ponds were constructed on the Caribbean Coast of Honduras, Central America during a joint venture of Armour and Company and the United Fruit Company to initiate commercial shrimp culture in artificial ponds. The shrimp used during the course of the project were Penaeus duorarum, P. aztecus, P. californiensis, P. setiferus, P. schmitti, and P. occidentalis. Because of the unavailability of postlarvae the ponds were often not stocked at a commercial density; however, the following were the best growth rates of each species during some part of their growth period: P. duorarum 1.0 g/week, P. californiensis 2.0, P. schmitti 3.0, P. occidentalis 6.0. In most cases postlarvae were stocked directly into production ponds, but experiments were conducted using a nursery pond as an intermediary step. Feeds used during the experiments contained 26 to 60% protein and were distributed by hand from boats and from the shore. Weekly growth samples were obtained using a shrimp trawl. Harvesting was generally accomplished by draining, but a spillway method was tried and harvested 42, 62, 63, and 81% of the population in the ponds while only lowering the pond levels 0.61 m. Shrimp yields in kilos per ha were low. Mortalities varied drastically when postlarvae were stocked directly in production ponds, but appeared to be less when juveniles were stocked from nursery ponds. P. californiensis, P. schmitti and P. occidentalis of both sexes matured in the experimental ponds at ages of less than 10 months. Temperatures and salinities were well within the range for good growth and survival of shrimp and though rainfall was high, salinities were not appreciably depressed.
Plastic Wading Pools for Holding and Raising Penaeid Shrimp Under Laboratory Conditions
Authors: Venkataramaiah A. , Lakshmi G. J. 
Published: September 2010

ABSTRACTShallow plastic children's wading pools proved to be advantageous for holding shrimp in a closed water system on a long term basis. In the pools, factors such as more bottom area per animal and lower light intensities apparently facilitate the shrimp's natural diurnal rhythm. Maintenance of the water quality and aeration in the pools required comparatively less attention than aquaria. The pools permit normal growth among shrimp, with low mortality. Advantages of the pools in combating the high mortality rates of shrimp under the laboratory conditions are discussed.
The effects of Salinity and Feeding Levels on the Growth Rate and Food Conversion Efficiency of the Shrimp Penaeus Aztecus
Authors: Venkataramaiah A. , Lakshmi G. J. , Gunter Gordon 
Published: September 2010

ABSTRACTCommercial brown shrimp (Penaeus aztecus) were grown in various salinity concentrations with different quantities of food. The effects of the medium concentration and feed levels on the growth rates of shrimp and the conversion efficiency are discussed.Conversion efficiency was uniformly highest at all salinities used at the lowest daily feed level, which was 20% of the biomass. Growth rates were highest at 25 to 50% seawater, as compared to 75 and 100%, for all feed levels. The growth rates and high conversion efficiency in the low salinity concentrations in the laboratory conditions correspond to rates in the natural habitat and the ecological significance is discussed.
Effect of Fish Removal on the Growth and Condition of White Shrimp in Brackish Ponds1
Authors: Parker Jack C. , Jr Hoyt W. Holcomb , Klussmann Wallace G. , IV James C. McNeill 
Published: September 2010

ABSTRACTThe effect of fish removal on the growth and condition of juvenile white shrimp (Penaeus setiferus) was examined using a 0.5 and 1.0 ha pond near West Galveston Bay, Texas. Prior to stocking, the 1.0 ha pond was treated with a rotenone compound (Chem Fish Collector) at a rate of 1.0 ppm to remove fish. Those species removed were Brevoortia patronus, Myrophis punctatus, Cyprinodon variegatus, Fundulus grandis, Poecilia latipinna, Leiostomus xanthurus, Mugil cephalus, and Menidia beryllina. These species were abundant in the 0.5 ha pond. Juvenile white shrimp were stocked in both ponds at a rate of 50,000 per ha and fed a supplemental pelleted ration 3 days a week at a rate of 10% of their estimated total weight.After 77 days, shrimp in the treated pond averaged 12.3 mm longer and 4.0 g heavier than those in the pond with fish, and seine samples indicated that shrimp abundance had noticeably declined in the pond with fish. It was concluded that fish not only prey on shrimp, thus reducing their numbers, but also compete with them for supplemental and natural feeds, thus depressing their growth rate. Condition of shrimp in the treated pond was significantly better than in the untreated pond throughout the duration of the experiment, but this probably resulted because the seed stock were taken from different bay populations. In both ponds, the condition of the shrimp declined drastically during the first 8 days after stocking, but then gradually improved throughout the remainder of the experiment. The length‐weight relationship of shrimp in each pond is also presented. A comparison of these relationships confirmed that shrimp in the treated pond were in better condition throughout their entire size range than those in the pond with fish, but again, the difference could be the result of different populations of seed stock.
Selection and Hybridization in the Mariculture of Oysters and Clams
Authors: Menzel Winston 
Published: September 2010

ABSTRACTA program for genetical improvement of oysters and clams, with emphasis on better growth under different environmental conditions, will be started at Florida State University, funded by the Sea Grant Program. Growth rates are partly controlled by genetical factors, and selection for these, along with other desirable traits, will be attempted, through intra‐ and interspecific crossing. Hybridization is known to occur between three exotic species of our native oysters and there are indications that desirable traits from the exotic species, along with selection for better growth, could be established in our native species. The commercial advantages have been demonstrated in quahog clam (Mercenaria sp.) hybrids, with the faster growth of the southern parent and the good keeping qualities of the northern. Additional selection and hybridization attempts will be made to better the product.
Studies on the Nutritional Requirements of Penaeid Shrimps1
Authors: Andrews James W. , Sick Lowell V. 
Published: September 2010

ABSTRACTData from two protein‐energy requirement experiments demonstrated that the addition of a lipid supplement or glucose to penaeid shrimp diets suppressed growth, whereas the addition of starch enhanced growth. The optimal dietary level of protein appeared to be around 30%. Data from an isotope incorporation study revealed that 14C from labeled dietary proteins, protein hydrolysates, tripalmitin, palmitic acid, starch and glucose were digested, absorbed and incorporated into shrimp muscle tissue. Incorporation from labeled proteins was at a three times faster rate than from protein hydrolysates, and 14C from palmitic acid was incorporated at twice the rate as from tripalmitin.