bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficient range query processing over DHTs based on the balanced Kautz tree
Authors: Zhang Yiming , Liu Ling , Lu Xicheng , Li Dongsheng 
Published: November 2010

AbstractDistributed Hash Tables (DHTs) are scalable, self‐organizing, and adaptive to underlying topology changes, thus being a promising infrastructure for hosting large‐scale distributed applications. The ever‐wider use of DHT infrastructures has found more and more applications that require support for range queries. Recently, a number of DHT‐based range query schemes have been proposed. However, most of them suffer from high query delay or imbalanced load distribution. To address these problems, in this paper we first present an efficient indexing structure called Balanced Kautz (BK) tree that uniformly maps them‐dimensional data space onto DHT nodes, and then propose a BK tree‐based range query scheme called ERQ that processes range queries in a parallel fashion and guarantees to return the results in a bounded delay. In a DHT withNnodes, ERQ can answer any range of query in less thanrmlog N(2loglog N+ 1) hops in a load‐balanced manner, irrespective of the queried range, the whole space size, or the number of queried attributes. The effectiveness of our proposals is demonstrated through experiments. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Native and Unfolded States of Phosphoglycerate Kinase Studied by Single‐Molecule FRET
Authors: Rosenkranz Tobias , Schlesinger Ramona , Gabba Matteo , Fitter Jörg 
Published: November 2010

AbstractSingle‐molecule Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) measurements with phosphoglycerate kinase from yeast were performed at different concentrations of guanidine hydrochloride. From these steady‐state measurements we obtained FRET efficiency histograms characterizing structural properties of individual proteins at different stages between the native and the fully unfolded state. Native proteins exhibit a slightly more expanded structure under buffer conditions without denaturant as compared to conditions with denaturant. At 0.5 M GndHCl an unfolded state population that exhibits a significantly expanded structure as compared to the native state, emerges. The unfolded state is characterized by a pronounced broadening of the efficiency distribution, which indicates a large structural and/or dynamical heterogeneity within the population. At high denaturant concentrations, well above the unfolding transition at C1/2∼0.7 M, we observe a progressive expansion of the protein structure, namely globule–coil transition.
Vaporisation of a Dicationic Ionic Liquid Revisited
Authors: Vitorino Joana , Leal João P. , Licence Peter , Lovelock Kevin R. J. , Gooden Peter N. , Minas da Piedade Manuel E. , Shimizu Karina , Rebelo Luís P. N. , Canongia Lopes José N. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractThe vaporization of a dicationic ionic liquid at moderate temperatures and under reduced pressures —recently studied by line‐of‐sight mass spectrometry—was further analyzed using an ion‐cyclotron resonance mass spectroscopy technique that allows the monitoring of the different species present in the gas phase through the implementation of controlled ion–molecule reactions. The results support the view that the vapour phase of an aprotic dicationic ionic liquid is composed of neutral ion triplets (one dication attached to two anions). Molecular dynamics simulations were also performed in order to explain the magnitude of the vaporization enthalpies of dicationic ionic liquids vis‐à‐vis their monocationic counterparts.
PMA‐b‐PAA‐controlled synthesis of one‐dimensional CaCO3 superstructures
Authors: You Chao , Zhang Qiang , Zhao Yun , Jiao Qingze 
Published: November 2010

AbstractCrystallization of calcium carbonate (CaCO3) crystals by a gas‐liquid diffusion method has been carried out in aqueous solution using a double‐hydrophilic block copolymer (DHBC) poly(maleic anhydride)‐b‐poly(acrylic acid) (PMA‐b‐PAA). The as‐prepared products were characterized with X‐ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), selected area electron diffraction (SAED), high‐resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) and infrared spectroscopic analysis (FT‐IR). Uniform one‐dimensional calcite micro/nanostructures with different morphologies are fabricated through an assembled process. The influence of PMA‐b‐PAA copolymer concentration on the morphology of calcite nano/microwires is investigated, which plays an important role in the morphological control of building blocks composed of one‐dimensional calcite crystals. The possible formation mechanism of one‐dimensional CaCO3 crystals was discussed. (© 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Czochralski growth of Lu1‐xScxBO3:Ce solid solution crystals
Authors: Wu Y. T. , Ding D. Z. , Pan S. K. , Yang F. , Ren G. H. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractSingle crystals of Lu1‐xScxBO3:Ce (x=0.2, 0.3, 0.5, 0.7) were grown by Czochralski method. Continuous solid solution with calcite structure and a linear compositional dependency of crystal lattice parameter in the system Lu1‐xScxBO3:Ce are formed and their symmetry belong to hexagonal system with R3c space group checked by X‐ray powder diffraction. The electron probe micro‐analysis measurements show that the main inclusions in Lu1‐xScxBO3:Ce crystals are in the form of Sc rich oxide and Ce rich oxide. The ICP‐AES tests show that the more Sc ion content in Lu1‐xScxBO3:Ce, the smaller effective segregation coefficient of Ce in crystal will be. The X‐ray excited luminescence spectra of Lu1‐xScxBO3:Ce crystals all present a double peaked emission band with maxima round 370 and 400 nm corresponding to Ce3+ emission and a self trapped excitons (STE) band peaking at 269 nm. In addition, due to high density, high relative light yield, fast decay time and no‐hygroscopic property, Lu0.8Sc0.2BO3:1 at%Ce crystal could be a good candidate material for scintillation application by improving the crystal quality and cerium concentration. (© 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Microstructural, optical and electrical properties of GeO2 thin films prepared by sol‐gel method
Authors: Hsu Cheng‐Hsing , He Yi‐Da , Yang Shu‐Fong 
Published: November 2010

AbstractGeO2 thin films were prepared by sol‐gel method on ITO/Glass substrate. The electrical and optical properties and the microstructures of these films were investigated with special emphasis on the effects of an annealing treatment in ambient air. The films were annealed at various temperatures from 500 °C to 700 °C. Structural analysis through X‐ray diffraction (XRD) and atomic force microscope (AFM) showed that surface structure and morphological characteristics were sensitive to the treatment conditions. The optical transmittance spectra of the GeO2/ITO/Glass were measured using a UV‐visible spectrophotometer. All films exhibited GeO2 (101) orientation perpendicular to the substrate surface where the grain size increased with increasing annealing temperature. The optical transmittance spectroscopy further revealed high transparency (over 70 %) in the wave range 400 – 800 nm of the visible region. At an annealing temperature level of 700 °C, the GeO2 films were found to possess a leakage current density of 1.31×10‐6A/cm2 at an electrical field of 20 kV/cm. (© 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
All‐pass sections with rich cascadability and IC realization suitability
Authors: Ibrahim Muhammed A. , Minaei Shahram , Yuce Erkan 
Published: November 2010

SUMMARYIn this paper, two new circuit configurations for realizing voltage‐mode (VM) all‐pass sections (APSs) are presented. The proposed circuits employ only two differential voltage current conveyors (DVCCs) and are cascadable with other VM circuits due to their high‐input and low‐output impedances. The first configuration uses a grounded resistor and a grounded capacitor without requiring matching constraints, whereas the second employs two grounded resistors and a grounded capacitor with a single matching condition. While the first configuration can realize only one all‐pass response, the second can provide inverting and non‐inverting all‐pass responses with selection of appropriate input port. Adding two grounded resistors to the proposed filters, variable gain APSs can also be obtained. As applications, two quadrature oscillators, each of which using one of the proposed all‐pass circuits, one grounded resistor and one grounded capacitor are presented. SPICE simulation results are included to verify the theory. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Interlaced switch boxes placement for three‐dimensional FPGA architecture design
Authors: Hsu Chun‐Lung , Huang Yu‐Sheng , Lee Fong‐Chao 
Published: November 2010

SUMMARYThree‐dimensional (3D) field programmable gate array (FPGA) has evoked significant interest in wire‐length reduction for routing requirement. However, the complex design of the 3D switch boxes will limit the performance improvement and suffer from the area efficiency problems. This paper proposed a systematic graph model (SGM) for 3D switch boxes design to simplify the design process and reduce the storage memory for path programming. An interlaced 3D switch boxes and two‐dimensional (2D) switch boxes placement topology is also presented in this paper to design the 3D FPGA architecture for area efficiency purpose. The 3D place and route tool and TSMC 0.18‐µm CMOS process parameters are used to support building the experimental flow for verification. Performance evaluation shows that about 50% storage memory reduction can be obtained by using the proposed SGM‐based switch design approach. Additionally, compared with conventional architectures of 2D FPGA, the proposed scheme based on interlaced switch boxes placement approach can approximately achieve 20% delay‐power product improvement and 43% area‐delay product reduction. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Seamless session mobility scheme in heterogeneous wireless networks
Authors: Chiu Kuan‐Lin , Chen Yuh‐Shyan , Hwang Ren‐Hung 
Published: November 2010

AbstractThe next generation wireless communication system will likely be heterogeneous networks, as various technologies can be integrated on heterogeneous networks. A mobile multiple‐mode device can easily access the Internet through different wireless interfaces. The mobile multiple‐mode device thus could switch to different access points to maintain the robustness of the connection when it can acquire more resources from other heterogeneous wireless networks. The mobile multiple‐mode device therefore needs to face the handover problem in such environment. This work introduces Session Initiation Protocol (SIP)‐based cross‐layer scheme to support seamless handover scheme over heterogeneous networks. The proposed scheme consists of a battery lifetime‐based handover policy and cross‐layer fast handover scheme, called the SIP‐based mobile stream control transmission protocol (SmSCTP). This work describes the major idea of the proposed scheme and infrastructure. The proposed scheme has been implemented in Linux system. The simulation and numerical results demonstrate that the proposed SmSCTP scheme yields better signaling cost, hand‐off delay time, packet loss and delay jitter than SIP and mSCTP protocols. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Peripheral arterial disease and the CKD patient: The case for early screening, diagnosis, and minimally invasive revascularization
Authors: LaMendola Brian , Altrichter James , Cutillo Andrea , Price Anna 
Published: November 2010

AbstractPeripheral arterial disease (PAD) is a general term used to describe obstructive atherosclerosis of the lower extremities. PAD occurs when cholesterol or plaque builds up in the arteries outside the heart—typically in the legs or pelvis—limiting normal blood ﬂow and increasing the risk of heart attack or stroke. PAD is more com‐mon in patients with chronic kidney disease than in the general population. Patients with impaired renal function have a greater than twofold risk of developing PAD, and in the dialysis population, the incidence of clinical PAD is 15%. We discuss the importance of early screening and diagnosis of this serious circulatory problem, and include a checklist that any member of the renal team can use to discuss symptoms with patients.
Nephrologists and interventional nephrology
Authors: Asif Arif 
Published: November 2010

AbstractMore than two decades ago, nephrologists laid the foundation of what is now known as interventional nephrology. Because of their unique clinical perspective on dialysis access and better understanding of the intricacies of renal replacement therapy, nephrologists are ideally suited for this activity. Hemodialysis access is a major area that contributes directly to morbidity and mortality of dialysis patients. Consequently, a major portion of this new specialty has focused on hemodialysis access. Vascular access interventions commonly employed by nephrologists include venous and arterial angioplasty, thrombectomy procedures, intravascular coil and stent insertion, and tunneled hemodialysis catheter‐related procedures. The performance of these procedures by nephrologists themselves has minimized treatment delays, decreased hospitalizations and costs, and increased patient convenience. Today, many private as well as academic medical centers have embraced this approach. The American Society of Diagnostic and Interventional Nephrology has made tremendous contributions in imparting validity and fostering this specialty in the United States. Very recently, collaboration with interventional radiology and cardiology colleagues has fur‐ther solidified the status of interventional nephrology. This article provides a description of the vascular‐access procedures performed by interventional nephrologists and presents a summary of the current status of interventional nephrology.
Pregnancy in renal transplant recipients
Authors: McKay Dianne B. , Josephson Michelle 
Published: November 2010

AbstractPregnancy after transplantation is common, particularly for women with kidney transplants. Several potential complications need to be considered in counseling women who wish to resume their reproductive life after transplantation; complications can occur that impact both the mother and the fetus. This manuscript reviews the common potential problems associated with pregnancy in maternal renal transplant recipients and discusses current information about fetal outcomes after in utero exposure to immunosuppressive agents. It is important to impart the potential risks and complications of pregnancy in renal transplant recipients to both the mother and her partner before embarking upon pregnancy, and pre‐conception counseling is recommended to begin at the time of pre‐transplant evaluation.
A risk model for preadolescent disordered eating
Authors: Combs Jessica L. , Pearson Carolyn M. , Smith Gregory T. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractObjectiveThis study tested this risk model for disordered eating in preadolescent girls: pubertal onset is associated with increases in negative urgency (the personality tendency to act rashly when distressed); negative urgency influences eating disorder symptoms by shaping psychosocial learning (expectancy formation), thus indirectly influencing symptom levels; and many influences on purging are mediated by binge eating.MethodNine hundred five fifth grade girls completed questionnaire measures of eating pathology, negative urgency, and dieting/thinness and eating expectancies.ResultsBinge eating and purging behaviors were present in fifth grade girls. As anticipated, pubertal status was associated with higher levels of negative urgency, negative urgency was associated with each expectancy measure, quadratic dieting/thinness and eating expectancies were associated with binge eating, and binge eating was associated with purging.DiscussionIt is important and feasible to develop risk models for preadolescent eating disordered behaviors. Our model that integrates puberty, personality, and psychosocial learning appears promising. © 2010 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Eat Disord 2010
Diet and physical activity in women recovered from anorexia nervosa: A pilot study
Authors: Dellava Jocilyn E. , Hamer Robert M. , Kanodia Akansha , Reyes‐Rodríguez Mae Lynn , Bulik Cynthia M. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractObjective:After recovery, women with anorexia nervosa (AN) tend to maintain lower body mass indices (BMI) than women in the general population. Reasons for this are unknown as little is known about diet, food choices, physical activity levels (PAL), and reasons for exercise in women recovered from AN.Method:Diet, reasons for food choice, PAL, and reasons for exercise were measured in an exploratory study of 15 women recovered from AN and 22 women with no eating disorder history.Results:In these hypotheses generating analyses, mean BMI in recovered women was numerically lower than control women [21.4 kg/m2 (2.0) and 23.6 kg/m2 (4.4); respectively (p < .06)]. Recovered women were more likely to base food choice on health benefits (p < .04) compared with control women.Discussion:Pathological behaviors that are pathognomonic of AN may resolve into healthy food and activity choices that help maintain BMIs lower in the healthy range in recovered individuals. © 2010 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (Int J Eat Disord 2010)
Reward abnormalities among women with full and subthreshold bulimia nervosa: A functional magnetic resonance imaging study
Authors: Bohon Cara , Stice Eric 
Published: November 2010

AbstractObjective:To test the hypothesis that women with full and subthreshold bulimia nervosa show abnormal neural activation in response to food intake and anticipated food intake relative to healthy control women.Method:Females with and without full/subthreshold bulimia nervosa recruited from the community (N = 26) underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) during receipt and anticipated receipt of chocolate milkshake and a tasteless control solution.Results:Women with bulimia nervosa showed trends for less activation than healthy controls in the right anterior insula in response to anticipated receipt of chocolate milkshake (vs. tasteless solution) and in the left middle frontal gyrus, right posterior insula, right precentral gyrus, and right mid dorsal insula in response to consumptions of milkshake (vs. tasteless solution).Discussion:Bulimia nervosa may be related to potential hypofunctioning of the brain reward system, which may lead these individuals to binge eat to compensate for this reward deficit, though the hypo‐responsivity might be a result of a history of binge eating highly palatable foods. © 2010 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (Int J Eat Disord 2010)
The co‐occurrence frequency image: A new texture feature image paradigm
Authors: Yamaashi Kazuhiko , Fujiwara Takayuki , Koshimizu Hiroyasu 
Published: November 2010

AbstractImage processing is generally based on grayscale information, such as statistical gray histograms, gradients, textures, etc. However, concrete techniques that use this co‐occurrence processing have been chiefly limited to texture identification. Since the gray histogram is the most influential for extracting the global image properties, it has always been desirable to improve or extend it. From this viewpoint, Kashiwagi's proposal of a new frequency extraction paradigm called the frequency image (FI) is noteworthy. Along with other histograms, the co‐occurrence histogram or co‐occurrence matrix is also an influential basic image feature, especially for texture feature analysis. In this paper we introduce a new texture feature image paradigm called the “co‐occurrence frequency image” (CFI), which is a complete extension of the FI. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electron Comm Jpn, 93(12): 50–59, 2010; Published online in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com). DOI 10.1002/ecj.10145
Structural diversity of dietary fatty esters of chloropropanols and related substances
Authors: Seefelder Walburga , Scholz Gabriele , Schilter Benoit 
Published: November 2010

AbstractRecently the presence of fatty acid esters of 3‐mono‐chloro‐1,2‐propanediol (3‐MCPD esters) has been reported in various types of foods and food ingredients, especially in refined vegetable oils. Although no evidence is available indicating any adverse effects, the safety significance of these substances in food is difficult to appreciate because of the lack of data. In addition, it is increasingly acknowledged that the safety of chloropropanol‐esters in food cannot be established through the consideration of 3‐MCPD esters in isolation. These chemicals are formed over processing together with other structurally related and toxicologically relevant molecules. Risk assessment has to consider all of them. This triggers significant analytical and toxicological challenges. Setting priorities, such as on precautionary mitigation, is likely to be necessary.
Deodorization optimization of Camelina sativa oil: Oxidative and sensory studies
Authors: Hrastar Robert , Cheong Ling‐Zhi , Xu Xuebing , Jacobsen Charlotte , Nielsen Nina Skall , Miller Rasmus Leth , Košir Iztok Jože 
Published: November 2010

AbstractCamelina sativa oil (CO) is characterized by a high content (up to 40 wt %) of essential α‐linolenic acid and characteristic odour and flavour. Deodorization of highly unsaturated oils requires great attention as the refining process involves thermal treatment which affects oil integrity. In the present study RSM and principal component analysis (PCA) were used to optimize bench‐scale deodorization of CO. Mathematical models were generated through multiple regressions with backward elimination, describing the effects of process parameters (temperature, steam flow, time) on oil quality indicators [peroxide value (PV), p‐anisidine value (p‐AV), γ‐tocopherol (γ‐T) and oxidative stability (OS)]. Additionally, sensory evaluation was performed. RSM analysis showed a significant effect of deodorization temperature and to a lesser extent, deodorization steam flow and time on removal of oxidative compounds, flavour and odour. PCA of chemical and sensory results showed that deodorization temperature affected the sensory properties in the samples. The best conditions for removing undesirable flavour and odour were achieved by using a deodorization temperature of 195–210°C.
Copper‐Catalyzed Direct Synthesis of Di‐ and Triphenylamines: A Dramatic Accelerating Effect of 2‐Aminophenols
Authors: Li Yaming , Wang Huifeng , Jiang Linlin , Sun Fangfang , Fu Xinmei , Duan Chunying 
Published: November 2010

AbstractUtilizing the dramatic accelerating effect of 2‐aminophenols, we developed a copper‐catalyzed system for the selective synthesis of di‐ and triphenylamines. In addition, N‐ and O‐arylation could be achieved in coupling reactions between 2‐aminophenol and nitroaryl halides.
Characterizing temporal changes in forest fire ignitions: looking for climate change signals in a region of the Canadian boreal forest
Authors: Woolford Douglas G. , Cao Jiguo , Dean Charmaine B. , Martell David L. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractThe potential impact of climate change on forest fire risk is of significant concern. Postulated climate change effects on wildfires include increasing annual trends in ignitions and a lengthening of the fire season. We propose to use logistic generalized additive mixed models to investigate these characteristics. We present the modelling framework and outline a set of candidate models that are nested in terms of their fixed effects components. Model selection via likelihood ratio testing is discussed and connected to an entropy‐based scoring rule for Bernoulli responses. We illustrate its application using data for lightning‐caused forest fire ignitions over a period of 42 years in a 9 884 943 hectare region of boreal forest of northwestern Ontario, Canada. Seasonal and annual changes in ignition risk are observed and discussed, but we identify significant outstanding confounding factors that need to be addressed before one can assess the extent to which those changes can or cannot be attributed to climate change. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.