bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ageing and production of the cytokines in Chernobyl clean-up workers from Latvia
Authors: Kurjāne Nataļja , Brūvere Rūta , Gabruševa Natālija , Hagina Elvīra , Zvagule Tija , Jaunalksne Inta , Feldmane Guna , Volrāte Ārija , Voskresenska Natālija 
Published: November 2009

Ageing and production of the cytokines in Chernobyl clean-up workers from Latvia
Chronic low-grade inflammation with subsequent impairment of immune system function promotes the development of age-related diseases, such as cancers, degenerative and infection diseases. It is not yet clear, if exposure to ionising radiation accelerates the aging process. The aim of the present work was to estimate the production of several cytokines by peripheral blood cells of Latvia's Chernobyl clean-up workers depending on age. ELISA was employed to determine the plasma level of sIL-1β and sIL-6 as well as level of IL-4 and TNF-α spontaneous and 24h and 96h after in vitro stimulation of peripheral blood mononuclear cell cultures by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and phytohemagglutinin (PHA) mitogens were determined in 40 Chernobyl clean-up workers 17 years after their work in Chernobyl and in 42 blood-donors without a history of occupational radiation exposure. The ability of peripheral blood leukocytes (PBL) to produce interferons (IFNs) was determined in 73 Chernobyl clean-up workers 15 years after the work in Chernobyl and in age-matched 63 blood-donors. IFNs were tested in whole blood cultures by standard virus cytopathic inhibition micromethod after their in vitro induction by Newcastle disease virus, phytohemagglutinin or double-stranded RNA. Individuals were divided into three age groups: age < 40, age 40-49 and age > 50. The ability of PBL to produce IFN was significantly decreased in all Chernobyl clean-up worker age groups in comparison with blood-donors (control groups). The incidence of good ability to produce IFN gradually decreased with age in the control group, but increased with age in aged-matched Chernobyl clean-up workers groups. The production TNF-α and IL-4 by peripheral blood mononuclear cells as well as sIL-1β level in plasma showed no significant differences between all the examined age groups. The sIL-6 level was gradually increased with age in Chernobyl clean-up workers. Our results showed that the concentration of pro-inflammation cytokine sIL-6 in peripheral blood plasma, as well as the ability of PBL to produce IFNs, in Chernobyl clean-up workers from Latvia is age dependent.
Theory of Mind and evidentiality in Romani-Bulgarian bilingual children
Authors: Kyuchukov Hristo , De Villiers Jill 
Published: November 2009

Theory of Mind and evidentiality in Romani-Bulgarian bilingual children
The paper reports two studies of the development of false belief reasoning in bilingual Roma children in Bulgaria. No previous work has considered Roma children. Two studies were conducted, and in the second study the Roma children spoke a dialect of Romani that contains evidential markers, as does Bulgarian, their second language. Results reveal no advantage of bilingualism, and similar results with age to that found in other groups across the world. The bilingual group had better understanding of evidentials than the monolingual Bulgarian group, possibly related to the linguistic character of the markings. There is contradictory evidence about the relation of ToM and understanding of evidentiality.
Lexical base as a compressed language model of the world (on material from the Ukrainian language)
Authors: Buk Solomiya 
Published: November 2009

Lexical base as a compressed language model of the world (on material from the Ukrainian language)
In the article the fact is verified that the list of words selected by formal statistical methods (frequency and functional genre unrestrictedness) is not a conglomerate of non-related words. It creates a system of interrelated items and it can be named the "lexical base of language". This selected list of words covers all the spheres of human activities. To verify this statement the invariant synoptical scheme common for ideographic dictionaries of different languages was determined.
Short communications
Authors: Janowski Konrad , Tatala Małgorzata 
Published: November 2009

Short communications
Broca's aphasia is still a relatively poorly understood phenomenon. The Trace Deletion Hypothesis is one of the attempts made to explain linguistically comprehension deficits observable in this disorder. The article presents the main assumptions, claims and consequences of this hypothesis, as well as criticisms it has raised in the literature. This hypothesis offers an opportunity for shedding more light on the issue of agrammatism in Broca's aphasia, and also for improving our understanding of the phenomenon of aphasia as such and, consequently, our understanding of language processing in the human mind.
Can We? The Audacity of Environmental Hope
Authors: Bell Michael M. 
Published: November 2009

Friedman, Thomas L. 2008. Hot, Flat, and Crowded: Why We Need a Green Revolution and How It Can Renew America. New York: Farrar, Straus, and Giroux.Hawken, Paul. 2007. Blessed Unrest: How the Largest Social Movement in History Is Restoring Grace, Justice, and Beauty to the World. New York: Penguin.
Differences in Cardiovascular Health at the Intersection of Race, Ethnicity, and Sexual Identity
Authors: Rosendale Nicole , Wood Andrew J. , Leung Cindy W. , Kim Anthony S. , Caceres Billy A. 
Published: May 2024

ImportanceAn understanding of the intersectional effect of sexual identity, race, and ethnicity on disparities in cardiovascular health (CVH) has been limited.ObjectiveTo evaluate differences in CVH at the intersection of race, ethnicity, and sexual identity using the American Heart Association’s Life’s Essential 8 measure.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis cross-sectional study was conducted from July 27 to September 6, 2023, using National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data from 2007 to 2016. Participants were noninstitutionalized, nonpregnant adults (aged 18-59 years) without cardiovascular disease or stroke.ExposuresSelf-reported sexual identity, categorized as heterosexual or sexual minority (SM; lesbian, gay, bisexual, or “something else”), and self-reported race and ethnicity, categorized as non-Hispanic Black (hereafter, Black), Hispanic, non-Hispanic White (hereafter, White), and other (Asian, multiracial, or any other race and ethnicity).Main Outcome and MeasuresThe primary outcome was overall CVH score, which is the unweighted mean of 8 CVH metrics, assessed from questionnaire, dietary, and physical examination data. Regression models stratified by sex, race, and ethnicity were developed for the overall CVH score and individual CVH metrics, adjusting for age, survey year, and socioeconomic status (SES) factors.ResultsThe sample included 12 180 adults (mean [SD] age, 39.6 [11.7] years; 6147 [50.5%] male, 2464 [20.2%] Black, 3288 [27.0%] Hispanic, 5122 [42.1%] White, and 1306 [10.7%] other race and ethnicity). After adjusting for age, survey year, and SES, Black (β, −3.2; 95% CI, −5.8 to −0.6), Hispanic (β, −5.9; 95% CI, −10.3 to −1.5), and White (β, −3.3; 95% CI, −6.2 to −0.4) SM female adults had lower overall CVH scores compared with their heterosexual counterparts. There were no statistically significant differences for female adults of other race and ethnicity (β, −2.8; 95% CI, −9.3 to 3.7) and for SM male adults of any race and ethnicity compared with their heterosexual counterparts (Black: β, 2.2 [95% CI, −1.2 to 5.7]; Hispanic: β, −0.9 [95% CI, −6.3 to 4.6]; White: β, 1.5 [95% CI, −2.2 to 5.2]; other race and ethnicity: β, −2.2 [95% CI, −8.2 to 3.8]).Conclusions and RelevanceIn this cross-sectional study, CVH differed across race and ethnicity categories in SM females, suggesting that different communities within the larger SM population require tailored interventions to improve CVH. Longitudinal studies are needed to identify the causes of CVH disparities, particularly in Black and Hispanic SM females and inclusive of other racial and ethnic identities.
A field experiment demonstrating person misidentification at an appointed meeting place
Authors: Miura Hiroshi , Shimane Daisuke , Itoh Yuji 
Published: May 2024

AbstractMistaking a person for another sometimes occurs; however, few studies have examined it experimentally. Therefore, the reasons behind this kind of person misidentification and its occurrence rate remain unclear, and thus we aimed to demonstrate person misidentification occurs with a certain probability through a field experiment. We also sought to examine whether the similarity between two people affects the occurrence of person misidentification. When 66 undergraduate participants made a rendezvous with an acquaintance, another person who wore similar clothes to the acquaintance or had a similar face appeared. The results showed that in both the conditions, approximately half of the participants made the person misidentification error, and one‐fourth even spoke to the person mistakenly. Moreover, the results indicated that clothing contributed to person misidentification just as much as the face at first sight but became less important over time. This suggests a dynamic shift in person identification depending on time.
AI and Synaesthetic Space: Architecture from Hybrid Visions of Intelligent Machines
Authors: Battelli Cesare 
Published: May 2024

AbstractOne of AI's core abilities is the conjuring up of images that seem familiar to us, based on our individual visual and architectural preoccupations. This splicing of the known with the unknown can create a sense of déjà vu that is both centred and defamiliarised. Italian artist, architect and researcher in visionary architecture Cesare Battelli takes us through some of the characters of the past who have utilised such creative tactics.
This Is Not a Building: Architecting the Spectrality of the Latent Space
Authors: Ennemoser Benjamin , Mayrhofer‐Hufnagl Ingrid 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAI and its operations might be perceived as series of fields of almost infinite latencies – of possibilities and potential times of dataset flowerings or bloomings – that are programmable but still surprising. Assistant Professor of Architecture at Texas A&M University Benjamin Ennemoser and Innsbruck University‐ based architect and researcher Ingrid Mayrhofer‐Hufnagl explain this concept, its implications for architectural creativity and our newfound ability to operate in an interstitial, fluid space between matter and bits and bytes.
Engineering Bimetallic Polyphenol for Mild Photothermal Osteosarcoma Therapy and Immune Microenvironment Remodeling by Activating Pyroptosis and cGAS‐STING Pathway
Authors: Liu Kaiyuan , Zan Pengfei , Li Zihua , Lu Hengli , Liu Peng , Zhang Li , Wang Hongsheng , Ma Xiaojun , Chen Feng , Zhao Jing , Sun Wei 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (ITME) of osteosarcoma (OS) poses a significant obstacle to the efficacy of existing immunotherapies. Despite the attempt of novel immune strategies such as immune checkpoint inhibitors and tumor vaccines, their effectiveness remains suboptimal due to the inherent difficulty in mitigating ITME simultaneously from both the tumor and immune system. The promotion of anti‐tumor immunity through the induction of immunogenic cell death and activation of the cGAS‐STING pathway has emerged as potential strategies to counter the ITME and stimulate systemic antitumor immune responses. Here, a bimetallic polyphenol‐based nanoplatform (Mn/Fe‐Gallate nanoparticles coated with tumor cell membranes is presented, MFG@TCM) which combines with mild photothermal therapy (PTT) for reversing ITME via simultaneously inducing pyroptosis in OS cells and activating the cGAS‐STING pathway in dendritic cells (DCs). The immunostimulatory pathways, through the syngeneic effect, exerted a substantial positive impact on promoting the secretion of damage‐associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) and proinflammatory cytokines, which favors remodeling the immune microenvironment. Consequently, effector T cells led to a notable antitumor immune response, effectively inhibiting the growth of both primary and distant tumors. This study proposes a new method for treating OS using mild PTT and immune mudulation, showing promise in overcoming current treatment limitations.
Autonomous Artificial Olfactory Sensor Systems with Homeostasis Recovery via a Seamless Neuromorphic Architecture
Authors: Jang Young‐Woo , Kim Jaehyun , Shin Jaewon , Jo Jeong‐Wan , Shin Jong Wook , Kim Yong‐Hoon , Cho Sung Woon , Park Sung Kyu 
Published: May 2024

AbstractNeuromorphic olfactory systems have been actively studied in recent years owing to their considerable potential in electronic noses, robotics, and neuromorphic data processing systems. However, conventional gas sensors typically have the ability to detect hazardous gas levels but lack synaptic functions such as memory and recognition of gas accumulation, which are essential for realizing human‐like neuromorphic sensory system. In this study, a seamless architecture for a neuromorphic olfactory system capable of detecting and memorizing the present level and accumulation status of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) during continuous gas exposure, regulating a self‐alarm implementation triggered after 147 and 85 s at a continuous gas exposure of 20 and 40 ppm, respectively. Thin‐film‐transistor type gas sensors utilizing carbon nanotube semiconductors detect NO2 gas molecules through carrier trapping and exhibit long‐term retention properties, which are compatible with neuromorphic excitatory applications. Additionally, the neuromorphic inhibitory performance is also characterized via gas desorption with programmable ultraviolet light exposure, demonstrating homeostasis recovery. These results provide a promising strategy for developing a facile artificial olfactory system that demonstrates complicated biological synaptic functions with a seamless and simplified system architecture.
A Dual‐Channel Ca2+ Nanomodulator Induces Intracellular Ca2+ Disorders via Endogenous Ca2+ Redistribution for Tumor Radiosensitization
Authors: Wang Dianyu , Jia Haixue , Cao Hongmei , Hou Xiaoxue , Wang Qian , Lin Jia , Liu Jinjian , Yang Lijun , Liu Jianfeng 
Published: May 2024

AbstractTumor cells harness Ca2+ to maintain cellular homeostasis and withstand external stresses from various treatments. Here, a dual‐channel Ca2+ nanomodulator (CAP‐P‐NO) is constructed that can induce irreversible intracellular Ca2+ disorders via the redistribution of tumor‐inherent Ca2+ for disrupting cellular homeostasis and thus improving tumor radiosensitivity. Stimulated by tumor‐overexpressed acid and glutathione, capsaicin and nitric oxide are successively escaped from CAP‐P‐NO to activate the transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 1 and the ryanodine receptor for the influx of extracellular Ca2+ and the release of Ca2+ in the endoplasmic reticulum, respectively. The overwhelming level of Ca2+ in tumor cells not only impairs the function of organelles but also induces widespread changes in the gene transcriptome, including the downregulation of a set of radioresistance‐associated genes. Combining CAP‐P‐NO treatment with radiotherapy achieves a significant suppression against both pancreatic and patient‐derived hepatic tumors with negligible side effects. Together, the study provides a feasible approach for inducing tumor‐specific intracellular Ca2+ overload via endogenous Ca2+ redistribution and demonstrates the great potential of Ca2+ disorder therapy in enhancing the sensitivity for tumor radiotherapy.
A Polyplatin with Hands‐Holding Near‐Infrared‐II Fluorophores and Prodrugs at a Precise Ratio for Tracking Drug Fate with Realtime Readout and Treatment Feedback
Authors: Yu Yingjie , Wei Dengshuai , Bing Tiejun , Wang Yongheng , Liu Chaoyong , Xiao Haihua 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe in vivo fate of chemotherapeutic drugs plays a vital role in understanding the therapeutic outcome, side effects, and the mechanism. However, the lack of imaging abilities of drugs, tedious labeling processes, and premature leakage of imaging agents result in loss of fidelity between the drugs and imaging signals. Herein, an amphiphilic polymer is created by copolymerization of a near‐infrared‐II (NIR‐II) fluorophore tracer (T) and an anticancer Pt(IV) prodrug (D) of cisplatin in a hand‐holding manner into one polymer chain for the first time. The obtained PolyplatinDT is capable of delivering the drugs and the fluorophores concomitantly at a precise D/T ratio, thereby resulting in tracking the platinum drugs and even readout of them in real‐time via NIR‐II imaging. PolyplatinDT can self‐assemble into nanoparticles, referred to as NanoplatinDT. Furthermore, a caspase‐3 cleavable peptide that serves as an apoptosis reporter is attached to NanoplatinDT, resulting in NanoplatinDTR that are capable of simultaneously tracking platinum drugs and evaluating the therapeutic efficacy. Overall, it is reported here the design of the first theranostic polymer with anticancer drugs, drug tracers, and drug efficacy reporters that can work in concert to provide insight into the drug fate and mechanism of action.
From Single‐Compartment Artificial Cells to Tissue‐Like Materials
Authors: Westensee Isabella N. , de Dios Andres Paula , Städler Brigitte 
Published: May 2024

AbstractDesigning and assembling artificial cells (ACs) is a core direction in bottom‐up synthetic biology. Here, the advancements in the past 3 years in engineering ACs with focus on compartmentalization and surface modifications with the aim for their integration in semi‐synthetic tissue are outlined. Compartmentalization in vesicles, coacervates and hydrogels are discussed for encapsulated catalysis or cytoskeleton formation including the use of components of mammalian cells to increase the ACs’ complexity. Following on, the surface modification of the ACs is reviewed due to its relevance when integration of ACs with mammalian cells into semi‐synthetic tissue is the goal. Finally, the interaction of ACs and mammalian cells for cellular communication or the fabrication of semi‐synthetic tissue toward therapeutic opportunities is outlined, before a short perspective is provided.
Advective Assembler‐Enhanced Support Bath Rotational Direct Ink Writing
Authors: Pleij Tazio , Bayles Alexandra V. , Vermant Jan 
Published: May 2024

AbstractManufacturing intricately controlled, hierarchically distributed structures poses significant fabrication challenges, but is crucial for enhancing functionality in synthetic systems. A 3D printing technique combining advective assembly with rotational direct ink writing is developed and exploited to build topologically complex, multimaterial structures with high precision. A modular advective assembler printhead is fabricated and employed in the process. This flow‐structuring device is designed with a complex network of internal channels that patterns flowing hydrogel‐based inks, creating multi‐layered filaments whose structures go well beyond conventional nozzle shape and size limitations. The composite filaments are extruded into a rotating support bath of Polyacrylic acid microgels. The rheology of the inks and support bath are critical to maintain print fidelity and integrity, and are characterized by linear and nonlinear bulk rheometry. Optimization of the materials creates a platform where curvilinear, multimaterial architectures are constructed without being constrained to slicing across X, Y, and Z axes. The versatility of this manufacturing platform is demonstrated by printing helical structures that undergo swelling‐induced actuation. This processing method has the potential to significantly enhance additive manufacturing by enabling the production of intricate, multiscale composite structures with broad applicability in fields such as bioengineering, soft robotics, and functional composite materials.
Entirely Biodegradable Wireless pH Sensor with Split‐Ring Resonators for Soil pH Monitoring
Authors: Sakabe Ken , Kan Tetsuo , Onoe Hiroaki 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis paper describes a wireless and battery‐free soil pH sensor made entirely of degradable materials. Soil pH monitoring is significant for precision agriculture and environmental conservation because soil health can be estimated by measuring soil pH. Soil pH can be measured by collecting soil samples and analyzing them in a laboratory environment or by inserting an electrode‐type sensor into the soil and measuring soil pH on site. However, neither method is suitable for wide‐area soil pH sensing for precision agriculture or environmental conservation. Herein, a fully biodegradable wireless pH sensor is presented that can be dispersed to outdoor environment to detect soil acidity. The sensor is operated wirelessly through split‐ring resonators (SRRs) that consist of patterned octacalcium phosphate (OCP)‐coated magnesium (Mg) on a poly‐lactic acid (PLA) sheet. At acidic soil pH, the degradation of each SRR results in a change in the electromagnetic response of the sensor. The operation of the sensor in six different types of acidic soils is demonstrated to distinguish the acidic soil wirelessly. It is expected that the biodegradable sensor can be applied to low‐cost, easy‐to‐use, and environmentally friendly monitoring of soil pH.
Flexible Tandem White Organic Light‐Emitting Devices with Over 46% External Quantum Efficiency via Integrating Efficient Light Outcoupling Structures
Authors: Wang Jiong , Chen Yujie , Wang Xinxin , Wu Xuechun , Dong Kanchi , Chen Yuehua , Lai Wenyong , Zhang Xinwen , Huang Wei 
Published: May 2024

AbstractFlexible organic light‐emitting devices (OLEDs) are emerging as a cutting‐edge technology that revolutionizes displays and lighting panels to be lightweight, bendable, foldable, and even stretchable. However, they suffer from the poor light outcoupling efficiency due to the presence of various optical losses. Herein, a novel method of optical manipulation is proposed, which involves incorporating light‐scattering titanium oxide (TiO2) nanoparticles (NPs) into flexible substrates, along with imprinting random micro‐lens arrays (RMLA) at the bottom of the substrates. Adopting the light outcoupling structures, the flexible single white OLEDs demonstrate a substantial improvement of 95.6% in the external quantum efficiency (EQE) compared to conventional flexible OLEDs, while maintaining a desirable spectral profile without any distortion. To further improve the optoelectronic performance, the light outcoupling structures are adopted in flexible tandem white OLEDs with two emission units, the maximum current efficiency is 147.8 cd A−1, and the maximum EQE comes to 46.2%, which is 1.74 times higher than that of the flexible single OLEDs with the same light outcoupling structures. This work offers a convenient way to design flexible light extraction substrates for efficient wearable electronics.
Synthesis of Oxadihydrophenanthroquinolizidinones by Photoinduced Rearrangement of 3‐Biphenyl‐1‐hydroxypropyl‐pyridin‐2(1H)‐ones
Authors: Sui Jingzhi , Wang Ding , Wang Tao , Ren Kexin , Zhang Zunting 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe synthesis of hexahydro‐11H,15H‐dibenzo[f,h] [1,3]oxazino[3,2‐b]isoquinolin‐15‐ones was achieved via photoinduced rearrangement of 3‐biphenyl‐1‐hydroxypropyl‐pyridin‐2(1H)‐ones with a 313 nm UV light. Trans‐(8b,15a)‐9a‐β‐hexahydro‐11H,15H‐dibenzo[f,h][1,3]oxazino[3,2‐b]isoquinolin‐15‐ones and trans‐(8b,15a)‐9a‐α‐hexahydro‐11H,15H‐dibenzo[f,h][1,3] oxazino[3,2‐b]isoquinolin‐15‐ones were obtained in 76–92% yields via a one‐pot reaction. Alternatively, irradiation of 3‐biphenyl‐1‐hydroxypropyl‐pyridin‐2(1H)‐ones in the presence of HCl aqueous solution (1 M) led to the formation of cis‐(8b,15a)‐9a‐β‐hexahydro‐11H,15H‐dibenzo[f,h][1,3]oxazino[3,2‐b]isoquinolin‐15‐ones and cis‐(8b,15a)‐9a‐α‐hexahydro‐11H,15H‐dibenzo[f,h][1,3]oxazino[3,2‐b]isoquinolin‐15‐ones by a one‐pot reaction of photo 6π‐electrocyclization and addition cyclization. The construction of a partially dearomatized phenanthrene ring and quinolizidinone ring was achieved by a one‐pot reaction, with controlled cis/trans stereochemistry.