bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An energy efficient semi-static power control and link adaptation scheme in UMTS HSDPA
Authors: Huang Yi , Xu Jie , Qiu Ling 
Published: March 2012

Abstract
High speed downlink packet access (HSDPA) has been successfully applied in commercial systems and improves user experience significantly. However, it incurs substantial energy consumption. In this article, we address this issue by proposing a novel energy efficient semi-static power control and link adaptation scheme in HSDPA. Through estimating the EE under different modulation and coding schemes (MCSs) and corresponding transmit power, the proposed scheme can determine the most energy efficient MCS level and transmit power at the Node B. And then the Node B configures the optimal MCS level and transmit power. In order to decrease the signaling overhead caused by the configuration, a dual trigger mechanism is employed. After that, we extend the proposed scheme to the multiple input multiple output (MIMO) scenarios. Simulation results confirm the significant EE improvement of our proposed scheme. Finally, we give a discussion on the potential EE gain and challenge of the energy efficient mode switching between single input multiple output (SIMO) and MIMO configuration in HSDPA.
Efficacy of an absorbable polyglycolic acid patch in surgery for pneumothorax due to silicosis
Authors: Lin Xiao-Ming , Liu Yu , Chi Chuang , Lin Chao-Xi , Yang Yi 
Published: March 2012

Abstract

Background
We conducted a retrospective study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of an absorbable polyglycolic acid (PGA) patch in surgery for refractory pneumothorax due to silicosis.

Methods
A retrospective analysis was performed of 56 patients who received thoracotomy or thoracoscopic surgery for refractory pneumothorax due to silicosis between 1995 and 2010. An absorbable PGA patch was used as a reinforcement or repair material after resection of the bulla in 24 operations and it was not used in another 32 operations. Clinical outcomes were compared between the two groups (with a PGA and without a PGA).

Results
We found that the duration of postoperative chest drainage (5.04 ± 1.12 days vs. 8.19 ± 1.60 days, p < 0.01) and hospital stay after the operation (8.33 ± 1.34 days vs. 11.56 ± 1.50 days, p < 0.01) were significantly shorter in patients who used an absorbable PGA patch in the operation compared with those who did not use a PGA patch. The incidence of initial air leakage (58.3% [14/24] vs. 93.8% [30/32], p < 0.05) and relapse rate of pneumothorax in 6 months (4% [1/24] vs. 25% [8/32], p < 0.05) were also significantly lower in patients who used an absorbable PGA patch in the operation compared with those who did not use a PGA patch. No related adverse effects of the absorbable PGA patch occurred after the operations.

Conclusions
Use of an absorbable PGA patch as a reinforcement or repair material in surgery for refractory pneumothorax due to silicosis can reduce postoperative air leakage and improve clinical outcome.
Exploring molecular backgrounds of quality traits in rice by predictive models based on high-coverage metabolomics
Authors: Redestig Henning , Kusano Miyako , Ebana Kaworu , Kobayashi Makoto , Oikawa Akira , Okazaki Yozo , Matsuda Fumio , Arita Masanori , Fujita Naoko , Saito Kazuki 
Published: March 2012

Abstract

Background
Increasing awareness of limitations to natural resources has set high expectations for plant science to deliver efficient crops with increased yields, improved stress tolerance, and tailored composition. Collections of representative varieties are a valuable resource for compiling broad breeding germplasms that can satisfy these diverse needs.

Results
Here we show that the untargeted high-coverage metabolomic characterization of such core collections is a powerful approach for studying the molecular backgrounds of quality traits and for constructing predictive metabolome-trait models. We profiled the metabolic composition of kernels from field-grown plants of the rice diversity research set using 4 complementary analytical platforms. We found that the metabolite profiles were correlated with both the overall population structure and fine-grained genetic diversity. Multivariate regression analysis showed that 10 of the 17 studied quality traits could be predicted from the metabolic composition independently of the population structure. Furthermore, the model of amylose ratio could be validated using external varieties grown in an independent experiment.

Conclusions
Our results demonstrate the utility of metabolomics for linking traits with quantitative molecular data. This opens up new opportunities for trait prediction and construction of tailored germplasms to support modern plant breeding.
A novel whole-cell lysate kinase assay identifies substrates of the p38 MAPK in differentiating myoblasts
Authors: Knight James DR , Tian Ruijun , Lee Robin EC , Wang Fangjun , Beauvais Ariane , Zou Hanfa , Megeney Lynn A , Gingras Anne-Claude , Pawson Tony , Figeys Daniel , Kothary Rashmi 
Published: March 2012

AbstractBackgroundThe p38α mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) is a critical mediator of myoblast differentiation, and does so in part through the phosphorylation and regulation of several transcription factors and chromatin remodelling proteins. However, whether p38α is involved in processes other than gene regulation during myogenesis is currently unknown, and why other p38 isoforms cannot compensate for its loss is unclear.MethodsTo further characterise the involvement of p38α during myoblast differentiation, we developed and applied a simple technique for identifying relevantin vivokinase substrates and their phosphorylation sites. In addition to identifying substrates for one kinase, the technique can be usedin vitroto compare multiple kinases in the same experiment, and we made use of this to study the substrate specificities of the p38α and β isoforms.ResultsApplying the technique to p38α resulted in the identification of sevenin vivophosphorylation sites on six proteins, four of which are cytoplasmic, in lysate derived from differentiating myoblasts. Anin vitrocomparison with p38β revealed that substrate specificity does not discriminate these two isoforms, but rather that their distinguishing characteristic appears to be cellular localisation.ConclusionOur results suggest p38α has a novel cytoplasmic role during myogenesis and that its unique cellular localisation may be why p38β and other isoforms cannot compensate for its absence. The substrate-finding approach presented here also provides a necessary tool for studying the hundreds of protein kinases that exist and for uncovering the deeper mechanisms of phosphorylation-dependent cell signalling.
Serum level of soluble CX3CL1/fractalkine is elevated in patients with polymyositis and dermatomyositis, which is correlated with disease activity
Authors: Suzuki Fumihito , Kubota Tetsuo , Miyazaki Yasunari , Ishikawa Kinya , Ebisawa Masashi , Hirohata Shunsei , Ogura Takashi , Mizusawa Hidehiro , Imai Toshio , Miyasaka Nobuyuki , Nanki Toshihiro 
Published: March 2012

Abstract
Introduction
Polymyositis (PM) and dermatomyositis (DM) are chronic inflammatory muscle diseases, in which chemokines are thought to contribute to inflammatory cell migration into muscle. In this study, we retrospectively analyzed the expressions of CX3CL1/fractalkine and its corresponding receptor, CX3CR1, in muscle and lung with interstitial lung disease (ILD) of PM patients and DM patients, and determined the correlation between serum soluble CX3CL1 level and disease activity.

Methods
Expressions of CX3CL1 and CX3CR1 in muscle and lung tissue were analyzed by immunohistochemistry. Serum CX3CL1 concentrations were measured by ELISA. For evaluation of patients' disease activity, serum creatinine kinase, manual muscle testing, and the alveolar-arterial oxygen pressure difference were used independently.

Results
CX3CL1 was expressed on infiltrated mononuclear cells and endothelial cells in muscle affected by PM and DM and in lung with ILD, whereas CX3CR1 was expressed on some CD4+ T cells, a majority of CD8+ T cells, and most macrophages in muscle, and on infiltrated mononuclear cells in the lung. Serum soluble CX3CL1 was significantly higher in PM patients and DM patients than in healthy controls. The CX3CL1 level was correlated with serum creatinine kinase and manual muscle testing score. In patients with PM and DM with ILD, serum CX3CL1 was also correlated with alveolar-arterial oxygen pressure difference. Furthermore, CX3CL1 was significantly decreased after conventional treatment.

Conclusions
The interaction between CX3CL1 and CX3CR1 might contribute to the inflammatory cell infiltration into affected muscle and lung with ILD in PM patients and DM patients. Serum CX3CL1 level could be a surrogate marker of disease activity.
Clinical significance of antibodies to Ro52/TRIM21 in systemic sclerosis
Authors: Hudson Marie , Pope Janet , Mahler Michael , Tatibouet Solène , Steele Russell , Baron Murray ,   Canadian Scleroderma Research Group (CSRG), Fritzler Marvin J 
Published: March 2012

Abstract

Introduction

Autoantibodies to Ro52 recently identified as TRIM21 are among the most common autoantibodies in systemic autoimmune rheumatic diseases, but their clinical association remains poorly understood. We undertook this study to determine the clinical and serologic associations of anti-Ro52/TRIM21 antibodies in patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc).

Methods

Detailed clinical data and sera from 963 patients with SSc enrolled in a multicenter cohort study were collected and entered into a central database. Antibodies to Ro52/TRIM21 and other autoantibodies were detected with an addressable laser-bead immunoassay and different enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) systems. Associations between anti-Ro52/TRIM21 antibodies and clinical and other serologic manifestations of SSc were investigated.

Results

Anti-Ro52/TRIM21 antibodies were present in 20% of SSc patients and overlapped with other main SSc-related antibodies, including anti-centromere (by immunofluorescence and centromere protein (CENP)-A and CENP-B ELISA), anti-topoisomerase I, anti-RNA polymerase III, and anti-Pm/Scl antibodies. Anti-Ro52/TRIM21 antibodies were strongly associated with interstitial lung disease (odds ratio (OR), 1.53; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.11 to 2.12; P = 0.0091) and overlap syndrome (OR, 2.06; 95% CI, 1.01 to 4.19; P = 0.0059).

Conclusions

Anti-Ro52/TRIM21 antibodies were the second most common autoantibodies in this SSc cohort. In SSc, anti-Ro52/TRIM21 antibodies may be a marker of interstitial lung disease and overlap syndrome.
Adjuvant Tamoxifen Reduces Subsequent Breast Cancer in Women With Estrogen Receptor–Positive Ductal Carcinoma in Situ: A Study Based on NSABP Protocol B-24
Authors: Allred D. Craig , Anderson Stewart J. , Paik Soonmyung , Wickerham D. Lawrence , Nagtegaal Iris D. , Swain Sandra M. , Mamounas Elefetherios P. , Julian Thomas B. , Geyer Charles E. , Costantino Joseph P. , Land Stephanie R. , Wolmark Norman 
Published: March 2012

Purpose The NSABP (National Surgical Adjuvant Breast and Bowel Project) B-24 study demonstrated significant benefit with adjuvant tamoxifen in patients with ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) after lumpectomy and radiation. Patients were enrolled without knowledge of hormone receptor status. The current study retrospectively evaluated the relationship between receptors and response to tamoxifen. Patients and Methods Estrogen (ER) and progesterone receptors (PgR) were evaluated in 732 patients with DCIS (41% of original study population). An experienced central laboratory determined receptor status in all patient cases with available paraffin blocks (n = 449) by immunohistochemistry (IHC) using comprehensively validated assays. Results for additional patients (n = 283) determined by various methods (primarily IHC) were available from enrolling institutions. Combined results were evaluated for benefit of tamoxifen by receptor status at 10 years and overall follow-up (median, 14.5 years). Results ER was positive in 76% of patients. Patients with ER-positive DCIS treated with tamoxifen (v placebo) showed significant decreases in subsequent breast cancer at 10 years (hazard ratio [HR], 0.49; P < .001) and overall follow-up (HR, 0.60; P = .003), which remained significant in multivariable analysis (overall HR, 0.64; P = .003). Results were similar, but less significant, when subsequent ipsilateral and contralateral, invasive and noninvasive, breast cancers were considered separately. No significant benefit was observed in ER-negative DCIS. PgR and either receptor were positive in 66% and 79% of patients, respectively, and in general, neither was more predictive than ER alone. Conclusion Patients in NSABP B-24 with ER-positive DCIS receiving adjuvant tamoxifen after standard therapy showed significant reductions in subsequent breast cancer. The use of adjuvant tamoxifen should be considered for patients with DCIS.
Static monolateral external fixation for the Rolando fracture: a simple solution for a complex fracture
Authors: Marsland D , Sanghrajka AP , Goldie B 
Published: March 2012

INTRODUCTION Rolando fractures are often difficult to manage because of their inherent instability. We describe a simple technique for the treatment of this fracture using the principle of ligamentotaxis, with a static, two-pin external fixator spanning the trapeziometacarpal joint, and present the results of a single-surgeon case series. METHODS Eight consecutive patients (mean age: 32.8 years) with Rolando fractures were treated using a Hoffmann II® Micro small bone external fixator using blunt ended 2.0mm half pins, inserted into the trapezium and diaphysis of the first metacarpal. Functional outcome was assessed with the Quick Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (QuickDASH) score at a mean time of 2.7 years following the fracture (range: 4 months – 6.0 years). The mean time to frame removal was 28 days. RESULTS There were three cases of superficial pin site infection. Follow-up x-rays at four months did not demonstrate significant joint incongruity or malunion in any case. The mean QuickDASH score was 7.95 and all patients returned to their previous levels of activity. CONCLUSIONS Although external fixation risks pin site infection, the results of this study support the use of spanning trapeziometacarpal external fixation for Rolando fractures as it reliably gives excellent functional outcomes.
Paediatric injuries due to home treadmill use: an emerging problem
Authors: Lohana P , Hemington-Gorse S , Thomas C , Potokar T , Wilson YT 
Published: March 2012

INTRODUCTION The use of home exercise equipment is increasing and treadmills are becoming more popular. This has brought with it an emerging but preventable problem. We present our experience, highlight the importance and promote public awareness of this type of injury. To our knowledge this has not been reported previously in the UK. METHODS A retrospective review was conducted of the medical records at two regional burn units of children who sustained treadmill-related injuries between July 2003 and July 2009. Data on patient demographics, mechanism of injury, management, surgical intervention and outcome were recorded. RESULTS Twenty-nine children (15 boys, 14 girls) sustained treadmill-related injuries. The mean age was 3.8 years (range: 1–13 years). All injuries occurred at home and the majority of children trapped their hand under the running belt when an adult was using the machine. Most of the injuries were to the upper limb (97%) with less than 1% of the total body surface area burnt. More than two-thirds of patients had deep burns and 17 (58%) required surgical intervention. Five patients developed hypertrophic scars. All patients achieved a good functional outcome. CONCLUSIONS Treadmills can pose a significant danger to children. These injuries are preventable. Regulatory authorities, manufacturers and parents should take steps to prevent this emerging health problem.
Subacute physeal abscess: case report to illustrate treatment with a minimally invasive incision and drainage technique
Authors: Shah TT , Chin KF , Noorani A , Nairn D 
Published: March 2012

Introduction Brodie’s abscess is a form of subacute osteomyelitis characterised by a low grade pyogenic abscess found most commonly in the metaphysis. One rare form found in children crosses the physeal growth plate and into the epiphysis. Due to the rarity of this subtype and apprehension associated with treatment of the transphyseal abscess, no clear guidance exists on its management. Case History We present a case of delayed diagnosis of Brodie’s abscess crossing the physis in a 14-year-old boy. He gave a one-year history of pain in the right knee and early x-rays had shown lucent areas in the tibia. However, these were only noted to be significant at presentation one year later. We also describe an improvised minimally invasive and atraumatic technique of modifying a laminar suction catheter for accessing and draining the abscess. Conclusions From our experience and reports in the literature it is clear that antibiotic treatment is generally advocated with varying degrees of surgical intervention. Outcomes are largely favourable. Nevertheless, initial drainage allows samples to be sent for microbiological and histological assessment to aid subsequent management and may prevent subsequent leg length discrepancy from failed conservative treatment. We believe that management of a transphyseal abscess must include early drainage and a prolonged course of antibiotics. The antibiotic choice and duration will be governed by culture results and local policy but is commonly given for up to six weeks in the literature and must include one antistaphylococcal drug.
On ‘interface-plane scheme’ and symmetric grain boundaries
Authors: Morawiec Adam 
Published: March 2012

Abstract
Quantitative analysis of grain boundaries relies on proper boundary parameterizations. One of the approaches to identification of boundaries is the ‘interface-plane scheme’. A rigorous examination reveals that this approach is deficient. It is demonstrated that the ‘interface-plane scheme’ fails to satisfy necessary conditions for a parameterization. Moreover, the difference between boundaries symmetric in the conventional sense and those termed as symmetric in the ‘interface-plane scheme’ is clarified. Also the relationship of these boundaries to twist and tilt boundaries is analyzed. Revealing the unsuitability of the ‘interface-plane scheme’ for boundary parameterization and eliminating the confusion caused by the incompatible definitions of symmetric boundaries is of importance for the progress in analysis of homophase interfaces.
Elastic stiffness coefficients of thenardite and their pressure and temperature dependence
Authors: Arbeck Dirk , Haussühl Eiken , Vinograd Victor L. , Winkler Björn , Paulsen N. , Haussühl Siegfried , Milman Victor , Gale Julian D. 
Published: March 2012

AbstractThe elastic stiffness coefficients,cij, of orthorhombic Na2SO4thenardite (space group Fddd) were measäured with an ultrasonic plane wave technique at ambient temperature as a function of hydrostatic pressure in the range of 0.1–70 MPa. The variation of thecijin the range of 1–5000 MPa was studied with density functional theory (DFT) based calculations. The experimental results and the DFT calculations were used to derive a force-field model, which was then employed to compute lattice parameters and elastic stiffness tensors of thenardite and of two other Na2SO4polymorphs as functions of the temperature based on quasi-harmonic lattice dynamics. The structural parameters of the three polymorphs measured at high temperatures are reproduced to within 1.7% by the present calculations. Phases II (space groupPbnm) and III (Cmcm) appear to have significantly higher entropies than thenardite in agreement with their metastable formation at higher temperatures.
A Detailed Study of the Dehydration Process in Synthetic Strelkinite, Na[(UO2)(VO4)] · nH2O (n = 0, 1, 2)
Authors: Suleimanov Evgeny V. , Somov Nikolay V. , Chuprunov Evgeny V. , Mayatskikh Ekaterina F. , Depmeier Wulf , Alekseev Evgeny V. 
Published: March 2012

Abstract
Synthetic strelkinite Na[(UO2)(VO4)] · nH2O (n = 0, 1, 2) was systematically investigated by single crystal X-ray diffraction and thermoanalytical methods. The anhydrous form and two hydrates were isolated as single crystals and the structures of these phases solved: Na[(UO2)(VO4)], monoclinic, P21/c, a = 6.0205(1) Å, b = 8.3365(1) Å, c = 10.4164(2) Å, β = 100.466(2)°, V = 514.10(1) Å3, R
1 = 0.0337; Na[(UO2)(VO4)] · H2O, monoclinic, P21/c, a = 7.722(2) Å, b = 8.512(1) Å, c = 10.480(4) Å, β = 113.18(3)°, V = 633.3(3) Å3, R
1 = 0.1658; Na[(UO2)(VO4)] · 2 H2O, monoclinic, P21/n, a = 16.2399(5) Å, b = 8.2844(2) Å, c = 10.5011(2) Å, β = 97.644(2)°, V = 1400.24(6) Å3, R
1 = 0.0776. A possible mechanism of the structural transformation processes during dehydration is proposed based on the structures of the anhydrous phase and the hydrates.
Hydrates of the Alkali Trioxidomonosulfidomolybdates and -tungstates: K2[(Mo/W)O3S] · 1.5H2O and (Rb/Cs)2[(Mo/W)O3S] · H2O
Authors: Lehner Anna J. , Braitsch Milan , Röhr Caroline 
Published: March 2012

Abstract
The trioxidomonosulfidomolybdate and -tungstate anions [(Mo/W)O3S]2– are the first products formed when passing H2S gas through a solution of the oxidometalates. Their potassium, rubidium and cesium salt hydrates form as crystalline precipitates from these solutions depending on pH, the polarity of the solvent, educt concentrations and temperature. The structures of the sesqui- (K) and mono- (Rb, Cs) hydrates have been determined by means of X-ray single crystal diffraction data. The potassium sesquihydrates K2[(Mo/W)O3S] · 1.5H2O are isotypic and crystallize with a new structure type (monoäclinic, space group C2/c, M = Mo/W: a = 987.0(2)/993.13(11), b = 831.75(14)/831.10(11), c = 1868.9(4)/1865.2(2) pm, β = 99.34(2)/99.153(8)°, R1 = 0.0352/0.0390). In the crystal structure the [(Mo/W)O3S]2– anions are connected via hydrogen bonds to form columns along the c direction. Channels containing only water molecules run along the [101] direction. The dehydration process proceeds in a topotactic reaction between 60 to 95 °C and yields crystals of the anhydrous salts K2[(Mo/W)O3S]. The two different K+ cations exhibit a 5 + 3 and 5 + 2 O/S coordination. The heavier alkali metal cations form the four monohydrates (Rb/Cs)2[(Mo/W)O3S] · H2O (trigonal rhombohedral, space group R-3m) with lattice parameters for the Rb/Cs molybdates of a = 621.17(6)/624.62(10), c = 3377.9(4)/3388.6(8) pm (R1 = 0.0505/0.0734) and the tungstates of a = 642.80(3)/643.3(4), c = 3532.8(3)/3566(4) pm (R1 = 0.0348/0.0660). In the structures the 3m symmetrical tetrahedra are arranged to form double layers in such a way, that the O3 bases of the tetrahedra are pointing towards each other in a staggered conformation. These double layers are stacked in the c direction in a rhombohedral sequence. In these hydrates, there are no distinct hyrdogen bonds. Instead, partially disordered pairs of H2O molecules are situated in large cavities between the double layers. With a number of 10, the cation coordination sphere is increased compared to the K salts. The crystallographic results are confirmed by vibrational spectroscopy (Raman/IR) and thermal analytical studies of the new compounds.