bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Advocating integration of human responses in the flood resilience framework for inland cities of northern China
Authors: Liu Mingyang , Xu Xiangzhou , Xiao Peiqing , Cao Yongqiang 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT

Frequent urban flooding poses a predominant challenge to resilience managers and the public in inland cities. Nevertheless, various facets of the formation, development, and response to inland flooding in developing countries are still less understood. Using the statistics data of typical flood events in China, this paper examines the causes of devastation in inland areas of the north combined with a comprehensive risk assessment methodology and explores a nuanced understanding of resilience. The conclusions reveal that the inland cities of northern China are facing an imminent threat from escalating flood hazards. 11% of the flood-influenced population and 17% of the disaster-caused economic losses are concentrated in the region. Increased extreme precipitation, heightened exposure and vulnerability, and a sluggish human response to crises are main factors contributing to these complex disasters. The study also proposes a transformative flood resilience framework for inland flooding from three dimensions, emphasizing the integration of human responses. The three aspects of the framework are summarized based on the driving factors mentioned earlier and a simplified multidimensional perspective of resilient cities, reflecting the adaptive and evolutionary features of resilience. Hence, incorporating the resilience strategies to urban flood risk management is a relatively practical approach to urban flood risk management in inland regions.
Advances in Small-Molecule Dual Inhibitors Targeting EGFR and
HER2 Receptors as Anti-Cancer Agents
Authors: Kang Jia-Xiong , Li Chao , Cheng Yi-Mei , Huang Mou-Xin , Zhao Guang-Kuan , Jin Zhi-Liang , Qi Xiao-Wei , Gu Jing , Ouyang Qin 
Published: June 2024

Abstract:
As members of the protein tyrosine kinase family, the Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) and Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2 (HER2) play essential roles in cellular signal transduction pathways. Overexpression or abnormal activation of EGFR and HER2 can lead to the development of various solid tumors. Therefore, they have been confirmed as biological targets for the development of anticancer
drugs. Due to the fact that many cancers are highly susceptible to developing resistance
to single-target EGFR inhibitors in clinical practice, dual inhibitors that target both
EGFR and HER2 have been developed to increase efficacy, reduce drug resistance and
interactions, and improve patient compliance. Currently, a variety of EGFR/HER2 dual
inhibitors have been developed, with several drugs already approved for marketing or in
clinical trials. In this review, we summarize recent advancements in small-molecule
EGFR/HER2 dual inhibitors by focusing on structure-activity relationships and share
novel insights into developing anticancer agents.
TINJAUAN YURIDIS KONSTRUKSI HUKUM PERJANJIAN PADA JASA TITIP BELI DAN TITIP JUAL
Authors: Yustisia Ridwan Annisa Syaufika 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Personal shopper and consignment gain its popularity in Indonesia in the past few years. Although the goods are entrusted, there are no deposit elements regulated in Civil Code in the relationship between parties. This article analyses the legal construction of Shopping entrusted goods service and entrusted goods selling based on the Civil Code. This article uses a normative approach in finding the legal structure while being supported by secondary legal materials. This article found that legal relationships in personal shoppers can be in sale and purchase or buying agency. While consignment is a new contract that is not specifically regulated in Civil Code.

Intisari
Jasa titip beli dan titip jual merupakan hasil dari perkembangan dalam perdagangan barang. Walaupun kedua perjanjian tersebut mengandung kata titip, pada hubungan hukum para pihak tidak ditemukan unsur penitipan yang diatur di Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Perdata. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji konstruksi hukum perjanjian pada usaha jasa titip beli dan jasa titip jual berdasarkan KUH Perdata. Pendekatan yang digunakan adalah normatif yuridis dengan menentukan konstruksi hukum berdasarkan peraturan perundangan yang berlaku. Kesimpulan yang diperoleh dari pembahasan adalah jasa titip beli dapat dipandang sebagai jual beli biasa atau kuasa untuk membeli. Sedangkan titip jual (konsinyasi) nyata merupakan perjanjian jenis baru.
UNCLOS 1982 AND THE LAW ENFORCEMENT AGAINST ILLEGAL FISHING IN INDONESIA: JUDGES’ DIVERGING PERSPECTIVES
Authors: Merdekawati Agustina , Adiyanto Taufiq , Hasibuan Irkham Afnan Trisandi 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Indonesia has not been able to come up with an effective punishment enforcement to deal with illegal, unreported, unregulated fishing (IUUF) in its Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ), partly due to certain legal limitations put forward in United Nations Convention on The Law of the Sea 1982 (UNCLOS 1982) regarding the permissible punishment. There are two perspectives of Indonesian judges regarding the imposition of penalties towards IUUF offenders in Indonesia’s EEZ. They agree to impose fines but differ on whether to add substitutive confinement. This study aims to understand the diverging views of judges regarding the implementation of UNCLOS 1982 provisions and to provide recommendations to optimize the law enforcement of fisheries regulations. This study is a normative legal research, which utilizes secondary data. This study concludes that the diverging view is correlated to the judges’ view on the adoption of international laws into national laws and that it is imperative for the Government to choose and optimize one legal policy to achieve an effective law enforcement regime.

Intisari
Indonesia mengalami kendala dalam menerapkan penegakan hukuman terhadap pelaku illegal, unreported, unregulated fishing (IUUF) di Zona Ekonomi Eksklusif (ZEE). Terdapat dua perspektif hakim-hakim di Indonesia dalam putusannya terkait penjatuhan hukuman pidana terhadap pelaku IUUF di ZEE Indonesia. Mereka sepakat untuk menjatuhkan pidana denda, namun berbeda pendapat terkait penjatuhan pidana kurungan pengganti denda. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memahami alasan perbedaaan pandangan oleh hakim terhadap penerapan ketentuan-ketentuan dalam United Nations Convention on The Law of the Sea Tahun 1982 (UNCLOS 1982) dan memberikan rekomendasi optimasi penegakan hukum di bidang perikanan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian legal normatif dengan menggunakan data sekunder. Hasil penelitian menunjukkanbahwa perbedaan pandangan hakim berkaitan dengan pandangan mereka terhadap penerapan hukum internasional ke dalam hukum nasional, dan penting bagi Indonesia untuk memilih dan melakukan optimasi terhadap satu legal policy untuk menciptakan rezim penegakan hukum yang efektif.
IMPLEMENTATION OF IMAM AL-MAWARDI'S THOUGHTS ON POLITICS AND LAW IN THE INDONESIAN JUDICIAL POWER
Authors: Fudin Hanif 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The constitutional significance in the rule of law within the framework of the political system is the judicial power. This is considered as the benchmark in the implementation of the rule of law. In this case, Imam Al-Mawardi’s doctrine contain relevance to the judicial power in Indonesia, especially in its political and law context related to judges as the figure of the court. This research is a literature research based on literal-descriptive method and using a normative, political, and philosophical approach with the objective of analyzing politics and law as a constitutional discourse in the judicial field based on Imam al-Mawardi's doctrine of the judicial power in Indonesia. The results show that Imam al-Mawardi's conceptual ideas of politics and law in the judicial power led to the strengthening of judge as a central figure in the judicial field showing the integrity of the judicial power in the constitution of Indonesia within the judicial field as a form of accountability.
Abstrak
Signifikansi konstitusional pada negara hukum dalam kerangka sistem politik adalah kekuasaan kehakiman. Hal tersebut dinilai sebagai bentuk tolakan dalam pelaksanaan suatu negara hukum. Dalam hal ini, pemikiran Imam Al-Mawardi memuat relevansi dengan kekuasaan kehakiman di Indonesia, terutama dalam konteks politik dan hukumnya terkait figur hakim pengadilan. Oleh karenanya penelitian yang dilakukan adalah penelitian pustaka dengan menggunakan metode deskriptif-literal disertai pendekatan yuridis, politis, dan filosofis dalam rangka mengetahui urgensi politik dan hukum sebagai wacana ketatanegaraan di bidang peradilan dari perspektif Imam al-Mawardi terhadap kekuasaan kehakiman di Indonesia. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemikiran konseptual Imam al-Mawardi tentang politik dan hukum dalam kekuasaan kehakiman lebih mengarah pada penguatan aspek hakim sebagai figur sentral di bidang peradilan untuk mewujudkan integritas kekuasaan kehakiman sebagaimana dalam ketatanegaraan Indonesia pada bidang peradilan sebagai bentuk pertanggungjawaban.
KONFLIK KEWENANGAN DALAM PEMAKZULAN KEPALA DAERAH/WAKIL KEPALA DAERAH
Authors: La Ode Muhaimin  
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Clustering of authority to impeach the regional head or vice regional head builds a conflict of authority between DPRD and the president/Minister of Home Affairs regarding the regional head or vice regional head carrying out crime that causes a widespread crisis of public trust by the intersection between the two clusters. This research type is normative law and uses legal approach conceptually and presented qualitatively. Conflict of authority can be revealed when the report of a crime against the regional head or vice regional head is simultaneously carried out to DPRD and the police.. Assuming that DPRD and the police appear in the phase of impeachment, there will be clashes between clusters of authority. This is due to the authority in the Presidential/Minister of Home Affairs cluster and the authority in the DPRD cluster to provide responses. Finally , the DPRD’s political process and the police's legal process could be shown. The conflict of authority increases as the results of the investigation between the DPRD and the police differ. For instance, in the case of blasphemy committed by Basuki Cahaya Purnama. The reconceptualization of DPRD rights will eliminate potential conflicts of authority to impeach regional heads or vice regional heads that carry out criminal acts and build a crisis of public trust.
Abstrak
Klasterisasi kewenangan pemakzulan kepala daerah/wakil kepala daerah menimbulkan konflik kewenangan antara DPRD dan Presiden/Menteri Dalam Negeri dalam hal kepala daerah/wakil kepala daerah melakukan tindak pidana yang memicu krisis kepercayaan publik yang meluas karena adanya persinggungan antar dua klaster. Jenis penelitian hukum normatif, menggunakan pendekatan undang-undang dan konseptual serta disajikan secara kualitatif. Konflik kewenangan muncul tatkala laporan tindak pidana terhadap kepala daerah/wakil kepala daerah bersamaan ke DPRD dan kepolisian. Apabila DPRD memulai tahapan pemakzulan dan kepolisian juga memulai proses hukum maka benturan antar klaster kewenangan potensial terjadi.. Konflik kewenangan bertambah bilamana hasil penyelidikan DPRD dan kepolisian berbeda. Misalnya, dalam kasus penodaan agama yang dilakukan oleh Basuki Cahaya Purnama. Masing-masing memiliki kewenangan yang diatur dalam klaster kewenangan masing-masing pula untuk menanggapinya.Akhirnya proses politik di DPRD dan proses hukum di kepolisian dapat tersaji. Rekonseptualisasi hak DPRD akan menghilangkan potensi konflik kewenangan dalam hal pemakzulan kepala daerah/wakil kepala daerah yang melakukan tindak pidana yang menimbulkan krisis kepercayaan masyarakat.
MAKNA LARANGAN “MEMILIKI DAN/ATAU MENGUASAI” DALAM HUBUNGAN KEMITRAAN ANTARA USAHA MIKRO, KECIL, DAN MENENGAH DENGAN USAHA BESAR BERDASARKAN PENAFSIRAN SISTEMATIS
Authors: Antoni Veri 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
SMEs still facing various detention and obstacles especially in terms of financial and to overcome those problems is to have partnerships with big enterprises. Alongside with the partnerships, there is a prohibition regarding the big enterprises who have partnered with MSMEs to “owning and/or controlling” MSMEs as their partners as it is regulated in Article 35 of Law Number 20 of 2008 on Concerning Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises. Nevertheless, this provision doesn’t explain the definition of “owning and/or controlling”. This research aims to obtain the definition of the prohibition of “owning and/or controlling” in such partnership relations between MSMEs and Big Enterprises. This research is a juridical normative research using a statutory and conceptual approach. This research was analyzed with qualitative and the research results is descriptive. The results of this research show that first, the phase of “owning and/or controlling” is referred to the prohibition against large or medium enterprises as shareholders or as controllers who have share ownership and/or voting rights of more than 50% and/or as a beneficial owner who has share ownership and voting rights of more than 25%, second, related to the phase “owing and/or controlling” is also referring to an act or action that is able to control in any way over the management and company policies.
Abstrak
UMKM masih menghadapi berbagai hambatan dan kendala terutama dalam konteks finansial dan untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut adalah menjalin kemitraan dengan Usaha Besar. Dalam kemitraan tersebut, terdapat larangan bahwa Usaha Besar yang bermitra dengan UMKM untuk “memiliki dan atau menguasai” UMKM sebagaimana mitranya sebagaimana diatur dalam Pasal 35 Undang-Undang Nomor 20 Tahun 2008 tentang Usaha Mikro Kecil dan Menengah. Namun, ketentuan tersebut tidak menjelaskan frasa “memiliki dan atau menguasai”. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh kejelasan atas adanya larangan “memiliki dan atau menguasai” dalam hubungan kemitraan antara UMKM dengan Usaha Besar. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian yuridis-normatif dengan menggunakan pendekatan peraturan perundang-undangan dan pendekatan konseptual. Penelitian dianalisis secara kualitatif dan hasil penelitian bersifat deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa pertama, yaitu frasa “memiliki dan/atau menguasai” merujuk kepada larangan kepada Usaha Besar atau Usaha Menengah sebagai pemegang saham atau sebagai pengendali yang memiliki kepemilikan saham dan/atau hak suara lebih dari 50% (lima puluh persen) dan/atau sebagai Pemilik Manfaat yang mempunyai kepemilikan saham dan hak suara lebih dari 25% (dua puluh lima persen) dan yang kedua, terkait frasa “memiliki dan/atau menguasai” termasuk juga merujuk kepada suatu perbuatan atau tindakan yang mampu mengendalikan dengan cara apapun atas pengelolaan dan kebijakan suatu perusahaan.
ARBITRASE SEBAGAI ALTERNATIF PENYELESAIAN SENGKETA BISNIS DALAM KONTEKS EKONOMI DIGITAL
Authors: Fatma Muthia Kinanti  , Garuda Wiko  , Devina Puspita Sari  
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This paper explores arbitration dispute resolution methods and the readiness of arbitration institutions to address challenges arising in the digital economy. The research method employed is normative legal research with a conceptual approach. The concept of the digital economy is delineated using two approaches, depicting its influence on various sectors and identifying emerging business models. There are three types of businesses in the digital economy: e-commerce, payment services, and other business models such as app stores and electronic advertising. It is found that disputes in the digital economy exhibit specific characteristics, notably involving third parties in transactions, standardized electronic contracts, and the complexity of information technology systems. Dispute resolution in this context considers the choice of dispute resolution forum, applicable laws, as well as the use of online technology and expeditious arbitration procedures. Additional challenges include enhancing arbitrator capacity and complete digitization of the arbitration process.

Abstrak
Tulisan ini akan mengeksplorasi metode penyelesaian sengketa arbitrase dan kesiapan institusi arbitrase dalam menghadapi tantangan yang muncul dalam ekonomi digital. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian hukum normative dengan pendekatan konseptual. Konsep ekonomi digital dijelaskan dengan dua pendekatan, menggambarkan pengaruhnya pada berbagai sektor, dan mengidentifikasi model bisnis yang berkembang. Terdapat tiga tipe bisnis dalam ekonomi digital: e-commerce, jasa pembayaran, dan model bisnis lainnya seperti app stores dan periklanan elektronik. Ditemukan bahwa sengketa dalam ekonomi digital memiliki karakteristik khusus, terutama melibatkan pihak ketiga dalam transaksi, kontrak elektronik yang cenderung baku, dan kompleksitas sistem teknologi informasi. Penyelesaian sengketa dalam konteks ini mempertimbangkan pemilihan forum penyelesaian, hukum yang berlaku, serta penggunaan teknologi online dan prosedur arbitrase yang cepat. Tantangan tambahan adalah peningkatan kapasitas arbiter dan digitalisasi lengkap proses arbitrase.
DELIK PIDANA DALAM REGULASI PERLINDUNGAN HUTAN SAGU DI KABUPATEN JAYAPURA
Authors: Thesia Elias Hence 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

This research aims to analyze criminal offenses in the regulations for the protection of sago forests in Jayapura district as regulated in Jayapura District Regulation No. 3 of 2000. Even though it is regulated in this regulation, the fact is that the population of sago plants in Jayapura Regency is decreasing, this problem will be discussed using normative juridical research methods based on the analysis of the applicable laws and regulations. The research data used is secondary legal data consisting of primary legal materials, namely laws and regulations related to the research problem. The legal data was obtained through literature study which was then analyzed descriptively analytically. “Based on the research results, it was concluded that regulations regarding the protection of sago forests in Jayapura Regency have not been effective. This is proven by the data obtained that the sago forest population in Jayapura Regency continues to decline. The impact of this problem is environmental damage in Jayapura Regency. There needs to be cooperation between the community and the Jayapura Regency Government so that regulations regarding the protection of Sago Forests can be implemented effectively in Jayapura Regency.

Abstrak
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis Penegakan Hukum dan Perlindungan Hutan Sagu Berdasarkan Peraturan kabupaten Jayapura No 3 Tahun 2000 Tentang Pelestarian Hutan Sagu. “Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu yuridis normatif dengan mendasarkan analisisnya pada peraturan perundang-undangan yang berlaku. Data penelitian yang digunakan yaitu data hukum sekunder yang terdiri dari bahan hukum primer yaitu peraturan perundang-undangan antara lain; Undang - Undang No. 32 Tahun 2009 Tentang Pengelolaan Lingkungan Hidup, Undang-undang No. 21 Tahun 2001 tentang Otonomi Khusus, dan Peraturan Daerah Kabupaten Jayapura No. 3 Tahun 2000 Tentang Pelestarian Hutan Sagu. Penelitian ini juga menggunakan bahan hukum sekunder yaitu literatur yang terkait dengan permasalahan penelitian. Data hukum tersebut diperoleh melalui studi kepustakaan yang selanjutnya dianalisis secara deskriptif analitis.” untuk menjawab permasalahan penelitian, Namun dalam Pelaksanaan Penebangan terhadap Hutan sagu terus terjadi dan terus mengalami Peningkatan yang berdampak penuruan populasi sagu dan kerusakan pada lingkungan. Hal ini di sebabkan karena masing-masing pihak baik itu masyarakat dan pemerintah memiliki keutuhan masing. Maka berdasarkan hal tersebut Penegakan Hukum dalam Peraturan Kabupaten Jayapura No. 3 Tahun 2000 Tentang Pelestarian Hutan Sagu Belum Berjalan Baik.
KERANCUAN PARADIGMA DALAM PENELITIAN HUKUM EMPIRIS (ANALISIS MATRIKS DISIPLINER MENURUT AULIS AARNIO)
Authors: Sabil Jabbar 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Legal scientists state that there is a paradigm shift in legal research. Anomalies arise when researchers apply reflective thinking to middle-order theories of legal scholarship. In this case, the legal paradigm could be fallen by a paradigm that comes from outside the legal sciences. The lack of understanding of the concepts that still apply in legal science is the cause of the chaos of the legal research paradigm. This problem is studied using philosophy as an approach and a method. This paper concludes that legal research can develop a paradigm if it focuses on hermeneutical interpretation. As for the social research method, it is limited as a tool to reveal facts only.

Abstrak
Ahli hukum menyatakan adanya pergulatan paradigma dalam penelitian hukum. Anomali muncul manakala peneliti menerapkan pemikiran reflektif terhadap teori orde tengah keilmuan hukum. Dalam hal ini, paradigma hukum bisa diruntuhkan oleh paradigma dari luar keilmuan hukum. Ketidakpahaman terhadap konsep-konsep yang berlaku tetap dalam keilmuan hukum menjadi sebab kekacauan paradigma penelitian hukum. Masalah ini dikaji dengan menggunakan filsafat sebagai pendekatan dan juga metode. Tulisan ini sampai pada simpulan bahwa penelitian hukum dapat mengembangkan paradigma jika fokus pada interpretasi hermeneutika. Adapun metode penelitian sosial, dibatasi sebagai alat untuk mengungkap fakta semata.