bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
New classification for men with lower urinary tract symptoms: cluster analysis using the International Prostate Symptom Score
Authors: Aikawa Ken , Yamaguchi Osamu , Oguro Toshiki , Ishibashi Kei , Yanagida Tomohiko , Nomiya Masanori , Haga Nobuhiro , Yoshiyasu Takashi , Kobayashi Toshimitsu 
Published: November 2011

Study Type – Symptom prevalence (cohort)Level of Evidence 2aWhat's known on the subject? and What does the study add?Two large‐scale studies evaluating male LUTS by cluster analysis have been reported. In these reports, male LUTS was classified into five clusters or into six clusters.Previous studies were based on data from population‐based health surveys. To provide a better understanding of how male patients with LUTS experience symptoms as symptom clusters and to identify common combinations of LUTS, we performed a clinic‐based survey.OBJECTIVE
To determine whether men with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) in various combinations could be classified into characteristic symptom groups using cluster analysis.
SUBJECTS AND METHODS
Secondary analysis of anonymous data from 10 434 patients enrolled in a postmarketing surveillance study of tamsulosin in Japan was performed. Data were prospectively collected through the central register from men diagnosed with LUTS in 1100 medical institutions between October 2004 and March 2005.
Those who had received an α1‐adrenoceptor antagonist within 1 week before the initial visit were excluded.
The survey items were International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), quality of life (QOL) score, and patient characteristics including age, bodyweight, body mass index, and LUTS‐related comorbid conditions.
Data on IPSS items were used in a hierarchical cluster analysis (Ward's method).
RESULTS
Of 10 434 men with LUTS, 9910 were included in the analysis after 5% data trimming (524 patients). Five symptom clusters were identified and the symptom types of each cluster were examined.
The largest cluster (27%) consisted of patients with multiple severe symptoms, i.e. complaining of six or more symptoms with a mean score ≥2.8. In contrast, the second smallest cluster (13%) consisted of patients with minimal symptoms, i.e. complaining of essentially one or two symptom with a mean score ≤2.1.
The other three clusters were labelled based on their dominant symptoms. The clusters were weak stream (27%), storage symptoms (21%) and voiding symptoms (12%).
The storage symptoms group was older, and had more comorbidities.
The distribution of the QOL score was different among the clusters, and the percentage of patients who were very dissatisfied was highest in the multiple severe symptoms group and lowest in the minimal symptoms group.
CONCLUSIONS
Cluster analysis using the IPSS showed that men with LUTS can be classified into five characteristic symptom groups.
A new approach to symptom‐based classification may be useful to elucidate the pathology of male LUTS and individualize the therapeutic strategy for affected patients, but further studies are needed.
Resilience is a good predictor of hopelessness even after accounting for stressful life events, mood and personality (NEO‐PI‐R)
Authors: HJEMDAL ODIN , FRIBORG ODDGEIR , STILES TORE C. 
Published: November 2011

Hjemdal, O., Friborg, O. & Stiles, T. C. (2012). Resilience is a good predictor of hopelessness even after accounting for stressful life events, mood and personality (NEO‐PI‐R). Scandinavian Journal of Psychology 53, 174–180.A better understanding of the relation between protection and vulnerability may advance our understanding of mental health. Therefore the purpose of this study was to examine the incremental validity of the Resilience Scale for Adults (RSA) as a predictor for level of hopelessness. A healthy sample (N = 532) completed the Beck Hopelessness Scale, a list of Stressful Life Events (SLE), the Hopkins Symptom Checklist‐25 (HSCL‐25), NEO‐PI‐R (NEO Personality Inventory Revised) and the RSA. The relations between the variables were explored with correlations and multiple hierarchical regression analyses. The results indicated that the RSA measures important protective factors that significantly predict lower levels of hopelessness even when accounting for age, gender, SLE, HSCL‐25 and NEO‐PI‐R. This study supports the notion that the protective resilience factors in the RSA have unique contributions over and above established constructs of stressful life events, depressive and anxiety symptoms and personality in predicting hopelessness, supporting the incremental validity of the RSA.
Mozart'sArt ofRetransition
Authors: IVANOVITCH ROMAN 
Published: November 2011

ABSTRACTIn recent years scholarly attention has become attuned to the notion of the ‘beautiful’ in Mozart: studies by Scott Burnham, Mary Hunter and Maynard Solomon have drawn attention to passages of sumptuous beauty, a hallmark of the composer's style. The present study amplifies this concern by focusing on a characteristic Mozartian gesture, noteworthy for being at once prosaically functional and conspicuously, richly (over‐)composed: a type of retransition procedure involving a contrapuntally braided linear descent over a dominant pedal. One of a family of ‘standing on the dominant’ techniques, the gesture is most distinctively found in slow movements, whose pacing allows the descent's tiny harmonic and contrapuntal jolts to resonate and be fully absorbed. In the context of Mozart scholarship, these underexplored sections are particularly sensitive, for they lie at the seam between art and craft: some of the most dazzling, memorable passages in Mozart, they are nonetheless grounded in everyday compositional procedures, markers of quotidian expertise. Using examples from the Piano Concertos in D (K. 451) and C (K. 503), the Piano Trio in B♭ (K. 502) and other works, this study elucidates the basic technical features of these passages. The aim is to place any more effusive discussions of Mozart's artistry on the firmest possible footing.
Separation of sunscreens in skincare creams using greener high‐temperature liquid chromatography and subcritical water chromatography
Authors: Kapalavavi B. , Marple R. , Gamsky C. , Yang Y. 
Published: November 2011

SynopsisIn this study, high‐temperature liquid chromatographic (HTLC) and subcritical water chromatographic (SBWC) separations of sunscreens contained in skincare creams were achieved at temperatures ranging from 90 to 250°C. The columns employed in this work include a ZirChrom‐DiamondBond‐C18, a XTerra MS C18 and a XBridge C18 column. The quantity of methanol consumed by the greener HTLC sunscreen methods developed in this project is significantly reduced although the HTLC separation at this stage is not as efficient as that achieved by traditional HPLC. SBWC separation of sunscreens was also achieved on the XTerra MS C18 and the XBridge C18 columns using pure water at 230–250°C. Methanol was eliminated in the SBWC methods developed in this study.
Structural and functional changes in the alveolar bone osteoclasts of estrogen‐treated rats
Authors: Faloni Ana Paula de Souza , Sasso‐Cerri Estela , Rocha Fernanda Regina Godoy , Katchburian Eduardo , Cerri Paulo Sérgio 
Published: November 2011

AbstractThis study investigated structural and functional features of apoptotic alveolar bone osteoclasts in estrogen‐treated rats. For this purpose, 15 female rats 22 days old were divided into three groups: Estrogen (EG), Sham (SG) and Control (CG). The rats of EG received daily intramuscular injection of estrogen for 7 days. The SG received only the oil vehicle. Maxillary fragments containing alveolar bone were removed and processed for light and transmission electron microscopy. Area (OcA) and number of nuclei (OcN) and bone resorption surface per TRAP‐positive osteoclasts (BS/OC) were obtained. Vimentin, caspase‐3 and MMP‐9 immunoreactions, TUNEL/TRAP and MMP‐9/TUNEL combined reactions were performed. In EG, the OcA, OcN and BS/Oc were reduced. Moreover, osteoclasts showed cytoplasm immunolabelled by caspase‐3 and a different pattern of vimentin expression in comparison with CG and SG. MMP‐9 expression was not affected by estrogen and the TUNEL‐positive osteoclasts were MMP‐9‐immunolabelled. In EG, ultrastructural images showed that apoptotic osteoclasts did not exhibit ruffled borders or clear zones and were shedding mononucleated portions. TRAP‐positive structures containing irregular and dense chromatin were partially surrounded by fibroblast‐like cells. In conclusion, the reduction in the BS/Oc may be due to reduction in OcA and OcN; these effects seem to be related to vimentin disarrangement rather than to an interference of estrogen with osteoclast MMP‐9 expression. Osteoclast apoptosis involves caspase‐3 activity and vimentin degradation; these cells release portions containing one apoptotic nucleus and, subsequently, undergo fragmentation, giving rise to apoptotic bodies.
Matching the Environment to Patients with Delirium: Lessons Learned from the Delirium Room, a Restraint‐Free Environment for Older Hospitalized Adults with Delirium
Authors: Flaherty Joseph H. , Little Milta O. 
Published: November 2011

Delirium is associated with several negative outcomes and is not always preventable. Current practices for the management of older hospitalized adults with delirium, such as one‐on‐one sitters, antipsychotic medications, and physical restraints, have limited effectiveness or potential health risks. An alternative management model, called the Delirium Room (DR), is a four‐bed patient room (within an Acute Care for Elders (ACE) Unit) that provides 24‐hour nursing care, emphasizes nonpharmacological approaches, and is completely free of physical restraints. This article is based on 13 years of experience at two hospitals. The authors have found that a restraint‐free environment can be achieved; “tolerate, anticipate, and don't agitate” (the T‐A‐DA method) are the core principles of the nonpharmacological approach that go beyond the traditional strategies of management (such as reorientation); based on observational data, it appears that negative outcomes associated with delirium, such as loss of function, longer hospital stay, and greater mortality, can be decreased to levels seen in individuals without delirium; and based on limited data, it appears that the rate of falls is at least not higher in the DR than in the ACE unit overall. The limitations of the DR model include lack of randomized controlled trials and the inability to determine which component of the model provides its benefits.
Polyomavirus‐induced pilomatricomas in mice: from viral inoculation to tumour development
Authors: SÍMULA SILVINA , OZUNA PAOLA VILLÁN , OTERO JAVIER , CASAS JOSÉ , SANJUAN NORBERTO 
Published: November 2011

Símula S,Villán Ozuna P, Otero J, Casas J, Sanjuan N. Polyomavirus‐induced pilomatricomas in mice: From viral inoculation to tumour development. APMIS 2012; 120: 397–404.Polyomavirus has been used extensively to study tumour induction in mice. Although most neoplasms are well characterized, those arising from hair follicles have been referred to by different names during the last four decades. The purpose of this research was to contribute to a more accurate histological characterization of these tumours as well as to study the viral progression from the onset of infection to the development of neoplasms. Polyomavirus A2 was inoculated into newborn C3H/BiDa mice, and at different time‐points (from 5 to 70 days post‐inoculation) the mice were sacrificed and studied using histological, immunocytochemical, ultrastructural and virological methods. The fully developed hair follicle tumours consisted of a proliferation of matrix cells that evolved into ‘shadow’ cells with empty nuclei and finally into amorphous keratin; the tumours were therefore diagnosed as pilomatricomas. Viral VP‐1 was observed only in fully differentiated cells and not in proliferating‐cell‐nuclear‐antigen (PCNA)‐positive cells in the same tumour. In conclusion, Polyomavirus first replicated in the skin, and then disseminated through the blood and reached the outer sheath of the hair follicles and finally infected matrix cells, leading to the development of pilomatricomas from which infectious virus was isolated.
RCT comparing minimally with moderately rough implants. Part 2: microbial observations
Authors: Quirynen M. , Van Assche N. 
Published: November 2011

AbstractBackgroundMost current implants have a moderately rough surface (compared with older minimally rough “turned” implants) to facilitate osseointegration. This randomized controlled trial (RCT), with split‐mouth design, examined whether this increased surface roughness influenced the initial subgingival plaque formation.Material and methodsTen fully edentulous and eight partially edentulous patients, all with a history of severe periodontitis, received 4–6 implants (mandible or maxilla). Per jaw, both minimally (turned) and moderately rough (TiUnite) implants (MKIII; Nobel Biocare) were alternated. Also, the healing and final abutments had similar surface characteristics. Subgingival biofilm formation was followed up for 1 year, and samples were analyzed by culture technique, qPCR and checkerboardResultsOver the entire period, no statistically significant differences could be detected in subgingival microbiota between the minimally and moderately rough surfaces. In partially edentulous patients, the biofilm matured to a higher concentration of pathogens when compared with fully edentulous patients. The subgingival implant composition and concentration in partially edentulous patients were comparable to the subgingival microbiota along teeth.ConclusionThe roughness of the more modern implants did not influence the biofilm formation during the first year of implant loading.
Cancer stem‐like cells in adenoid cystic carcinoma of salivary glands: relationship with morphogenesis of histological variants
Authors: Fujita Shuichi , Ikeda Tohru 
Published: November 2011

J Oral Pathol Med (2012) 41: 207–213Background:  Adenoid cystic carcinoma (AdCC) is a common malignant salivary gland tumor. AdCC is histologically characterized as having cribriform, tubular and solid patterns, and production of excess extracellular matrix (ECM). Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are defined cells within a tumor that possess the capacity to self‐renew and to induce the heterogeneous lineages of cancer cells that comprise the tumor.Methods:  To examine the morphogenetic relationship between CSCs and the growth patterns in AdCC, we employed formalin‐fixed and paraffin‐embedded 26 cases of AdCC and immunohistochemically clarified the distribution of CSCs using CD133 and CD44 antibodies.Results:  CD133‐ or CD44‐positive cancer stem (CS)‐like cells were scattered in the pseudocyst‐lining area of cribriform patterns having a Swiss cheese‐like appearance. However, based on the further overproduction of ECM, CS‐like cells accumulate in thin epithelial cords or trabecular arrangements. These CS‐like cell aggregations are considered to form two cell‐layered tubular patterns. Moreover, proliferation of outer cells in tubular patterns leads to cribriform patterns or solid patterns in the presence of excess ECM production or a lack of ECM overproduction, respectively. CS‐like cells in AdCC were frequently located at the border areas adjacent to ECM, with exception of some cribriform and solid variants.Conclusion:  It is suggested that CSCs included in CD133‐ or CD44‐positive cells play an important role in morphogenesis of salivary AdCC, especially in transition among the histological growth patterns. ECM is well known as a component of the CSC microenvironment, and ECM may regulate morphogenesis of AdCC through the stimulation of CSCs.
Oral neurovascular hamartoma: a lesion searching for a name
Authors: Allon Irit , Allon Dror M. , Hirshberg Avraham , Shlomi Benjamin , Lifschitz‐Mercer Beatriz , Kaplan Ilana 
Published: November 2011

J Oral Pathol Med (2012) 41: 348–353Background:  Neurovascular hamartoma (NVH), in particular in the oral cavity, is rarely described in the literature. The low number of cases may reflect a genuine rarity of the lesion, or it may be due to its being unrecognized and/or under‐reported.Objectives:  To investigate clinical and microscopic features of oral NVH and to define microscopic diagnostic criteria with emphasis on the differential diagnosis.Methods:  Archival cases diagnosed as oral NVH between 1999 and 2011 were retrieved; clinical and demographic data were collected, and a paired morphometric analysis was conducted, with each case of NVH a case of fibrous hyperplasia (FH) from the same oral location. The nerve bundle and blood vessel density were quantified in five microscopic fields at ×100 magnification.Results:  The study group included 25 oral NVH, 11 men and 14 women, aged 6–76 years, (mean 44). The majority occurred in the tongue (54%), followed by the buccal mucosa and lower lip (17% each), clinically presenting as asymptomatic 0.25–2.5 cm exophytic masses. Microscopic characteristics included poorly circumscribed masses of closely packed nerve bundles and blood vessels in a loose matrix, containing minimal or no inflammation.The mean nerve bundle density was significantly higher in NVH (4.28 ± 1.26) in comparison with FH (0.27 ± 0.27), (P < 0.00001), and mean vessel density was significantly lower (5.98 ± 1.4 vs. 7.8 ± 1.9, respectively), (P < 0.0003).Conclusion:  Oral NVH may not be as rare as previously considered. Morphometric analysis demonstrated that NVH presents a separate distinct entity.
Parents’ ability to recall past injuries to maxillary primary incisors in their children*
Authors: Sheinvald‐Shusterman Kineret , Holan Gideon 
Published: November 2011

Abstract –  Aim:  To evaluate the ability of parents to recall past injuries to their children’s maxillary primary incisors.Materials and methods:  Clinical and radiographic trauma‐related major and minor signs observed in the first dental visit of 727 preschool children were recorded. Major signs included crown fracture, coronal discoloration, internal resorption, pulp canal obliteration, swelling, fistula, and periapical lesion. Minor signs included enamel cracks, sensitivity to percussion, dull or metallic sound on percussion, increased mobility, and widened periodontal ligament. Children were divided into groups: CT = certainly traumatized (presenting with at least one major sign or a combination of three minor signs), PT = probably traumatized (presenting with one or two minor signs) and NT = not traumatized. Accompanying parents were asked to recall past injuries to their children’s teeth. Possible replies were ‘no’, ‘yes’ and ‘probably yes’. Disagreement when both parents were present was recorded as ‘yes’. Crown fractures involving dentin, coronal discoloration, swelling and fistula were defined as ‘observable signs of trauma’.Results:  One‐hundred and eighteen children were accompanied by fathers, 411 by mothers and 198 by both. The CT group comprised 464 children; the PT group, 103; and the NT group, 160, with no statistically significant differences by gender. Parents’ positive recall was similar for boys (33.3%) and girls (31.0%). Mothers recalled trauma in 32.6% and fathers in 27.1% of their children. Parents failed to recall trauma in 52.6% of the CT‐group children and in 43.5% of the PT‐group children. Parents failed to recall trauma in 37.6% of the children who had observable signs of trauma.Conclusions:  Parents’ recall of dental trauma occurring in their children’s maxillary primary incisors was reliable in <50% of the cases.
Elementary school staff knowledge and attitude with regard to first‐aid management of dental trauma in Iran: a basic premise for developing future intervention
Authors: Raoof Maryam , Zaherara Fatemeh , Shokouhinejad Noushin , Mohammadalizadeh Sakineh 
Published: November 2011

Abstract –  Aim:  The purpose of this study was to evaluate Iranian teachers’ knowledge and attitude with regard to emergency management of dental trauma.Material and methods:  A four‐part questionnaire, including demographic data, knowledge, attitude, and self‐assessment, was given to 422 teachers from 14 schools. Data obtained from 400 completed questionnaires were statistically analyzed using t‐test, one‐way anova and Pearson correlation coefficient.Results:  It was found that there was no statistically significant difference between knowledge and demographic variations (P > 0.05). However, there was a moderate positive association between knowledge and attitude toward emergency management of dental trauma (r = 0.38, P = 0.0001). The outcome indicated completely inadequate knowledge regarding the management of tooth fracture and avulsion. Most participants (94.3%) were unsatisfied with their awareness and suggested that further education on the topic should be offered.Conclusions:  The present study revealed considerably low knowledge of the participants regarding the first‐aid management of dental trauma for the study group. As teachers get an opportunity to attend a case of dental trauma, strategies to improve the teachers’ knowledge seem crucial.
Octreotide as therapeutic option for congenital idiopathic chylothorax: a case series
Authors: Shah Dharmesh , Sinn John KH 
Published: November 2011

AbstractBackground:  Octreotide, a somatostatin analogue, is used for the management of patients with refractory chylothorax although its safety and efficacy in neonates have not been evaluated in controlled clinical trials. We present one of the largest case series about the use of octreotide in congenital idiopathic chylothorax.Methods:  Six cases of congenital chylothorax (CC) were prospectively collected, who were managed with same unit protocol for octreotide. Mean (SD) gestation was 34.5 (±2.2) weeks, and birthweight was 3410 (±840.4) g. All infants required chest drains from day 1 of life, and the mean (SD) duration of insertion was 36.1 (±8.5) days. Octreotide was commenced at a median age of 13.5 days (range 8–22), given for a median duration of 20 days (range 12–27). The starting dose was 0.5–1 μg/kg/h with an increment of 1–2 μg/kg/day to a maximum of 10 μg/kg/day. Resolution of chylothorax was achieved in five patients, being resistant to treatment in the sixth patient. None had adverse effects from octreotide. Full enteral feeds were reached at a mean age of 44 days.Conclusion:  Early commencement of octreotide is recommended although further reports to evaluate the safety and efficacy would add to the profile of this medication in the treatment of CC.