bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Family history and gastric cancer incidence and mortality in Asia: a pooled analysis of more than half a million participants
Authors: Huang Dan , Song Minkyo , Abe Sarah Krull , Rahman Md. Shafiur , Islam Md. Rashedul , Saito Eiko , De la Torre Katherine , Sawada Norie , Tamakoshi Akiko , Shu Xiao-Ou , Cai Hui , Hozawa Atsushi , Kanemura Seiki , Kim Jeongseon , Chen Yu , Ito Hidemi , Sugawara Yumi , Park Sue K. , Shin Myung-Hee , Hirabayashi Mayo , Kimura Takashi , Gao Yu-Tang , Wen Wanqing , Oze Isao , Shin Aesun , Ahn Yoon-Ok , Ahsan Habibul , Boffetta Paolo , Chia Kee Seng , Matsuo Keitaro , Qiao You-Lin , Rothman Nathaniel , Zheng Wei , Inoue Manami , Kang Daehee 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
The family history of gastric cancer holds important implications for cancer surveillance and prevention, yet existing evidence predominantly comes from case–control studies. We aimed to investigate the association between family history of gastric cancer and gastric cancer risk overall and by various subtypes in Asians in a prospective study.

Methods
We included 12 prospective cohorts with 550,508 participants in the Asia Cohort Consortium. Cox proportional hazard regression was used to estimate study-specific adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the association between family history of gastric cancer and gastric cancer incidence and mortality, then pooled using random-effects meta-analyses. Stratified analyses were performed for the anatomical subsites and histological subtypes.

Results
During the mean follow-up of 15.6 years, 2258 incident gastric cancers and 5194 gastric cancer deaths occurred. The risk of incident gastric cancer was higher in individuals with a family history of gastric cancer (HR 1.44, 95% CI 1.32–1.58), similarly in males (1.44, 1.31–1.59) and females (1.45, 1.23–1.70). Family history of gastric cancer was associated with both cardia (HR 1.26, 95% CI 1.00–1.60) and non-cardia subsites (1.49, 1.35–1.65), and with intestinal- (1.48, 1.30–1.70) and diffuse-type (1.59, 1.35–1.87) gastric cancer incidence. Positive associations were also found for gastric cancer mortality (HR 1.30, 95% CI 1.19–1.41).

Conclusions
In this largest prospective study to date on family history and gastric cancer, a familial background of gastric cancer increased the risk of gastric cancer in the Asian population. Targeted education, screening, and intervention in these high-risk groups may reduce the burden of gastric cancer.
American options with acceleration clauses
Authors: Battauz Anna , Staffolani Sara 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAcceleration clauses shorten the residual life of an option when an acceleration condition is met. Acceleration clauses are frequent in warrants, American call options on traded stocks. In warrants with the acceleration clause, if an index (e.g. the average underlying stock) triggers an acceleration threshold, the American call option can be exercised on a much shorter maturity (e.g. 30 days). The actual time-to-maturity of an American option with an acceleration condition is therefore stochastic. In order to evaluate these contracts we first reduce the generic American option with stochastic time-to-maturity to a compound American option with constant maturity, and provide estimates for their prices. Finally we propose an efficient algorithm to price American call options with the acceleration clause in a binomial setting.
Multistep kinetics in self-induced sol–gel process of amorphous anhydride formation during thermal dehydration of potassium tetraborate tetrahydrate
Authors: Shindo Manami , Koga Nobuyoshi 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe physico-geometrical mechanism and kinetics of the multistep thermal dehydration of potassium tetraborate tetrahydrate was investigated as a model reaction to produce amorphous anhydrate via the self-induced sol–gel process. The thermal dehydration is composed of three consecutive dehydration steps: (1) a surface reaction in the solid-state accompanied by crack formation; (2) a rapid mass loss process accompanied by liquefaction to form the aggregate of the gel powders; and (3) the dehydration of gel powder aggregate to form a glassy anhydride. The changes in the contribution of the individual dehydration steps to the overall process according to the sample particle size and the heating rate (β) were identified as specific features of the multistep dehydration, which was characterized quantitatively using mathematical deconvolution analysis with log-normal four-parameter functions. The difficulty in determining the apparent activation energy (Ea) of the individual dehydration steps using isoconversional analysis due to the changes in the contribution depending on β values was addressed using modulated temperature thermogravimetry. Using the contributions and the apparent Ea of the individual dehydration steps as initial values, the kinetic description of the multistep thermal dehydration was refined through a kinetic deconvolution analysis using the cumulative kinetic equation. As a result, the individual dehydration steps were kinetically characterized as: (1) a surface reaction described by the first-order rate law with Ea,1 of approximately 68 kJ mol−1; (2) a reaction accompanied by liquefaction controlled by an autocatalytic rate behavior with Ea,2 of approximately 123 kJ mol−1; (3) a diffusion-controlled dehydration of gel powder with Ea,3 of approximately 82 kJ mol−1.
Novel solution strategies for multiparametric nonlinear optimization problems with convex objective function and linear constraints
Authors: Narciso Diogo A. C. , Pistikopoulos Efstratios N. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
This paper expands the multiparametric quadratic programming (mp-QP) framework presented in Narciso et al. (Comput Chem Eng 164:107882, 2022. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compchemeng.2022.107882) to the more general multiparametric nonlinear programming (mp-NLP) case. First, the vector of parameters in mp-NLP problems is recast so that a unique transformed parameter is implicitly assigned to each of the inequality constraints. Maps of critical regions in this transformed space of parameters feature a set of 1-dimensional parametric edges (two per inequality constraint), which then greatly facilitate solution calculation. In the mp-NLP case, however, parametric edges define nonlinear semi-infinite lines; this requires an adaptation to the mp-QP algorithm (deals with linear parametric edges only), to enable a suitable calculation path to the more general nonlinear case. Three routes are proposed to mp-NLPs: the first route delivers solutions in compact form (same format as in mp-QP) using a single reference point per edge; the second route delivers explicit solutions using a hybrid approach for critical region construction, where all active sets not detected in the parameters space are excluded from the solution (equivalent to first route concerning accuracy); the third route builds on the initial explicit solution and further partitions the parameters space until all solution fragments satisfy an error check. Five algorithms were coded for these routes, and tested in a large range of mp-NLP problems. These strategies enable significant improvements in terms of solution accuracy, algorithm efficiency, and interpretability when compared to the state-of-the-art mp-NLP algorithms.
Economic valuation of a mesocarnivore’s impact management
Authors: Kontsiotis Vasileios J. , Emmanouilidou Foteini , Liordos Vasilios 
Published: April 2024

AbstractRed foxes (Vulpes vulpes) have interacted with humans during their common history. We used a contingent valuation method to assess the economic value of the management of this mesocarnivore’s negative impacts. We carried out face-to-face interviews with 746 Greek residents, using a multiple-bounded discrete choice approach to estimate willingness to pay (WTP) for red fox management under three impact situations: attack domestic animals, reduce game, carry disease. About 51.9%, 33.0%, and 81.1% of the respondents stated a mean WTP of €34.1, €44.9, and €72.1 for each situation, respectively. The total annual amounts of €18.7 million, €15.7 million, and €61.7 million could be collected from the target population for red fox management when they attack domestic animals, reduce game, and carry disease, respectively. Attitudes and likeability toward foxes were negatively associated while knowledge about foxes and fear of them were positively associated with WTP. The younger, richer, less educated, rural, farmers, hunters, and pet owners were generally more willing to pay for red fox management across situations. Females were more willing to pay for managing predation on domestic animals, while males were more willing to pay for managing predation on game. Our findings showed that the Greek residents highly value the management of red foxes in all impact situations and would be valuable for further advising the management process.
Integrated study of antiretroviral drug adsorption onto calcined layered double hydroxide clay: experimental and computational analysis
Authors: Tabana Lehlogonolo Shane , Adekoya Gbolahan Joseph , Tichapondwa Shepherd Masimba 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis study focused on the efficacy of a calcined layered double hydroxide (CLDH) clay in adsorbing two antiretroviral drugs (ARVDs), namely efavirenz (EFV) and nevirapine (NVP), from wastewater. The clay was synthesized using the co-precipitation method, followed by subsequent calcination in a muffle furnace at 500 °C for 4 h. The neat and calcined clay samples were subjected to various characterization techniques to elucidate their physical and chemical properties. Response surface modelling (RSM) was used to evaluate the interactions between the solution’s initial pH, adsorbent loading, reaction temperature, and initial pollutant concentration. Additionally, the adsorption kinetics, thermodynamics, and reusability of the adsorbent were evaluated. The results demonstrated that NVP exhibited a faster adsorption rate than EFV, with both reaching equilibrium within 20–24 h. The pseudo-second order (PSO) model provided a good fit for the kinetics data. Thermodynamics analysis revealed that the adsorption process was spontaneous and exothermic, predominantly governed by physisorption interactions. The adsorption isotherms followed the Freundlich model, and the maximum adsorption capacities for EFV and NVP were established to be 2.73 mg/g and 2.93 mg/g, respectively. Evaluation of the adsorption mechanism through computational analysis demonstrated that both NVP and EFV formed stable complexes with CLDH, with NVP exhibiting a higher affinity. The associated adsorption energies were established to be −731.78 kcal/mol for NVP and −512.6 kcal/mol for EFV. Visualized non-covalent interaction (NCI) graphs indicated that hydrogen bonding played a significant role in ARVDs-CLDH interactions, further emphasizing physisorption as the dominant adsorption mechanism.
Involved-field radiotherapy in older patients with superficial thoracic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: long-term outcomes and recurrence patterns
Authors: Kono Sawa , Hashimoto Yaichiro , Ohmatsu Kenta , Tsujii Miki , Kuribayashi Shigehiko , Karasawa Kumiko 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Purpose
An optimal radiotherapy field for superficial esophageal carcinoma is yet to be established. We evaluated the long-term outcomes and recurrence patterns of involved-field radiotherapy (IFRT) in older patients with superficial thoracic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC).

Materials and methods
Fifty-four patients (49 men and 5 women; mean age, 77 [range: 66–90] years) who underwent IFRT for superficial thoracic ESCC between January 2003 and January 2019 were retrospectively reviewed. Concurrent chemotherapy was administered at the discretion of the attending physician. The primary endpoint was overall survival. The secondary endpoints were progression-free survival and complete response rate.

Results
The tumors were localized in the upper, middle, and lower thoracic esophagus in 2, 40, and 12 patients, respectively. All patients underwent IFRT using anteroposterior and anterior–posterior oblique opposed beams (off-cord). The prescribed total doses were 50.4, 59.4–61.2, and 66–70 Gy for 6, 40, and 8 patients, respectively. Concurrent chemotherapy was administered to 33 patients. The median follow-up duration was 57 months. The median overall survival was 115 months. The 5-year overall and progression-free survival rates were 71.7% and 60.1%, respectively. Forty-nine patients had a complete response at one month after IFRT (complete response rate: 90.7%). Twenty patients had recurrence; there were 13 in-field and 7 out-of-field recurrence cases. The radiation-related adverse events were generally mild. Grade 3 late toxicity was observed in one patient.

Conclusions
The efficacy of IFRT was suggested to be comparable to that of standard treatments. Therefore, IFRT can be a promising approach for treating superficial ESCC in older adults, especially those with severe comorbidities.
CFD Investigation of a Co-Flow Nozzle for Cold Spray Additive Manufacturing Applications
Authors: Sharma Amit Kumar , Vashishtha Ashish , Callaghan Dean , Bakshi Srinivasan Rao , Kamaraj M. , Raghavendra Ramesh 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis current work evaluates the efficacy of a co-flow nozzle for cold spray applications with the aim of mitigating nozzle clogging issues, which can occur during long-duration operations, by replacing the solid wall of a divergent nozzle section with an annular co-flow fluid boundary. Simulations were conducted on high-pressure nitrogen flowing through convergent–divergent (C–D) axisymmetric nozzles, with a stagnation pressure of 6 MPa and a stagnation temperature of 1273 K. In these simulations, Inconel 718 particles of varying sizes (15 µm to 35 µm) were modeled using a 2-way Lagrangian technique, and the model’s accuracy was confirmed through validation against experimental results. An annular co-flow nozzle with a circular cross section and straight passage covering the primary C–D nozzle has been designed and modeled for cold spray application. Co-flow was introduced to the reduced nozzle length to compensate for particle velocity loss at higher operating conditions. It was found that co-flow facilitates momentum preservation for primary flow by providing an annular gas boundary, resulting in increased particle speed for a longer axial distance beyond the nozzle exit of the reduced divergent length nozzle. The particle acceleration performance of the reduced divergent section nozzle, when combined with co-flow, is comparable to the original length nozzle.
Fundamental investigation on the time-variance of process stability
Authors: Jaquet S. , Meijer A. , Baumann J. , Biermann D. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractDisturbance factors, such as self-excited tool vibrations, limit the performance of modern machining processes and thus restrict the quality, productivity and sustainability of industrially manufactured components. The dynamic process stability is subjected to significant variances especially at the beginning of the tool life. To precisely quantify these variances, series of milling tests were conducted and analyzed using tools made of high speed steel (HSS) and cemented carbide for the machining of EN AW-7075. In all test series, a critical initial decrease of the stability limit was detected directly at the beginning of the tool life. In the following, a significant increase and subsequent almost constant stability limit was observed. In the case of the HSS cutters the achieved stability limit exceeded the initial level substantially. An increase in the process forces and flank wear was also measured over tool life but the progression cannot directly explain the extend and characteristics regarding the stability limit. The findings described have a considerable impact on the appropriate design of manufacturing processes and experiments to determine the dynamic stability of cutting operations.
Social characteristics and social benefit use among premenopausal breast cancer survivors in Denmark: a population-based cohort study
Authors: Hjorth Cathrine F. , Schmidt Julie A. , Farkas Dóra K. , Cronin-Fenton Deirdre 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Purpose
In 2020, one million women aged < 55 years were diagnosed with breast cancer globally. The impact of breast cancer and its treatments on these women’s ability to work and need for social benefits may differ by social characteristics. We evaluated social benefit use following breast cancer by education and cohabitation.

Methods
We conducted a nationwide population-based cohort study, including women aged 18–55 years diagnosed with stage I-III breast cancer in Denmark during 2002–2011. Statistics Denmark provided information on cohabitation, education, and social benefit use from 1 year pre-diagnosis to 10 years post-diagnosis. We calculated weekly proportions of self-support, unemployment, disability pension, flexi jobs, and sick leave according to education and cohabitation.

Results
Of 5345 women, 81.8% were self-supporting, 4.5% received disability pensions, 1.6% had flexi jobs, 3.6% were on sick leave, and 5.5% were unemployed 1 year pre-diagnosis. Ten years post-diagnosis, the proportions were 69.0%, 13.0%, 10.5%, 3.4%, and 2.0% of 3663 survivors. Disability pensions and flexi jobs increased from 12.1 to 26.4% and 2.8 to 13.5% in women with short education, from 4.1 to 12.8% and 1.8 to 12.2% in women with medium education, and from 0.8 to 6.0% and 0.9 to 6.9% in longer educated. Disability pensions increased more in women living alone (7.8 to 19.9%), than in cohabiting women (3.6 to 11.3%).

Conclusions
Use of social benefits reflecting lost ability to work was highest in less educated women and in women living alone.

Implications for Cancer Survivors.
Awareness of these groups is crucial when tailoring efforts to support work participation in cancer survivors.
Sicherer Babyschlaf in der Werbung
Authors: Kalus Esther , Poets Christian F. , Quante Mirja 
Published: April 2024

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Kampagnen zum sicheren Babyschlaf haben dazu geführt, dass die Zahl der am plötzlichen Säuglingstod verstorbenen Kinder seit den 1990er-Jahren stark gesunken ist. Trotzdem gibt es weiterhin vermeidbare Fälle. Leider lassen sich Eltern in Produktkaufentscheidungen zum Babyschlaf bewusst oder auch unbewusst durch Medien und Werbung beeinflussen.

Methode
Es erfolgte eine Evaluation der Online-Webseiten großer Drogerieketten (DM, Rossmann, Müller), eines Babynahrungsherstellers (Hipp) und zweier Onlineshops (Baby-Walz und Amazon) auf die Einhaltung der Empfehlungen zur Vermeidung des plötzlichen Säuglingstodes bei der Vermarktung von Babyprodukten.

Ergebnisse
Insgesamt wurde die Werbung von 185 Produkten analysiert. Davon wurden auf 142 (77 %) wache Babys gezeigt und auf 42 (23 %) schlafende Babys, davon waren 33 (18 %) liegend abgebildet. Der Großteil der liegend abgebildeten Babys schlief in Rückenlage (67 %). Ein empfohlener Schlafsack wurde nur bei 12 % der Babys gezeigt, während ein Drittel mit Decke oder Kissen schlief. Bei knapp einem Viertel der Babys waren Kuscheltiere in der unmittelbaren Schlafumgebung zu finden. Bedsharing, das Teilen des Bettes mit einer anderen Person, wurde bei insgesamt zwei Produkten abgebildet. Ein Schnuller war bei fünf Produkten gezeigt.

Diskussion
Babyprodukte zeigen leider häufig eine unsichere Schlafumgebung und Position für Babys, was zu falschen Engrammen bei Eltern führen kann. Insgesamt besteht deutlich Nachbesserungsbedarf bei der Darstellung eines sicheren Babyschlafs in der Werbung.
No requirement of perioperative glucocorticoid replacement in patients with endogenous Cushing’s syndrome – a pilot study
Authors: Trummer Christian , Pandis Marlene , Theiler-Schwetz Verena , Schmitt Lisa , Obermayer-Pietsch Barbara , Gellner Verena , Simon Andrea , Pilz Stefan 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Surgical therapy represents the first-line treatment for endogenous Cushing’s syndrome (CS). While postoperative glucocorticoid replacement is mandatory after surgical remission, the role of perioperative glucocorticoid therapy is unclear.

Methods
We recruited patients with central or adrenal CS in whom curative surgery was planned and patients who underwent pituitary surgery for other reasons than CS as a control group. Patients did not receive any perioperative glucocorticoids until the morning of the first postoperative day. We performed blood samplings in the morning of surgery, immediately after surgery, in the evening of the day of surgery, and in the morning of the first and third postoperative day before any morning glucocorticoid intake. We continued clinical and biochemical monitoring during the following outpatient care.

Results
We recruited 12 patients with CS (seven with central CS, five with adrenal CS) and six patients without CS. In patients with CS, serum cortisol concentrations <5.0 µg/dL (<138 nmol/L) were detected in the morning of the first and third postoperative day in four (33%) and six (50%) patients, respectively. Morning serum cortisol concentrations on the third postoperative day were significantly lower when compared to preoperative measurements (8.5 ± 7.6 µg/dL vs. 19.9 ± 8.9 µg/dL [235 ± 210 nmol/L vs. 549 ± 246 nmol/L], p = 0.023). No patient developed clinical or biochemical signs associated with hypocortisolism. During follow-up, we first observed serum cortisol concentrations >5.0 µg/dL (>138 nmol/L) after 129 ± 97 days and glucocorticoids were discontinued after 402 ± 243 days. Patients without CS did not require glucocorticoid replacement at any time.

Conclusion
Perioperative glucocorticoid replacement may be unnecessary in patients with central or adrenal CS undergoing curative surgery as first-line treatment.
The impact of adjustment mechanisms on China’s ETS: lessons from the pilot programs
Authors: Zhang Hao 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis article examines the adjustment mechanisms which have been designed and implemented under China’s experimentations with its emissions trading scheme (ETS). In China, several ETS pilot programs have adopted these mechanisms in the process of cap setting, allowance allocation and price regulation to allow regulatory intervention at different stages of the ETS operation to ensure that particular regulatory objectives are going to be achieved. Using doctrinal analysis, this article provides some critical insights into the specific regulatory design of the flexible mechanisms in China. It highlights their impact on regulatory stability and on the credibility of the ETS program. Considering that the ETS pilots are designed for and operated at local levels for the purpose of testing regulatory design and implementation in order to inform the policymakers at the central government when designing the national scheme, the lessons learned from the ETS pilots with respect to the adjustment mechanism are critical to fulfilling this strategy.