bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficient treatment of solvation shells in 3D molecular theory of solvation
Authors: Gusarov Sergey , Pujari Bhalchandra S. , Kovalenko Andriy 
Published: April 2012

AbstractWe developed a technique to decrease memory requirements when solving the integral equations of three‐dimensional (3D) molecular theory of solvation, a.k.a. 3D reference interaction site model (3D‐RISM), using the modified direct inversion in the iterative subspace (MDIIS) numerical method of generalized minimal residual type. The latter provides robust convergence, in particular, for charged systems and electrolyte solutions with strong associative effects for which damped iterations do not converge. The MDIIS solver (typically, with 2 × 10 iterative vectors of argument and residual for fast convergence) treats the solute excluded volume (core), while handling the solvation shells in the 3D box with two vectors coupled with MDIIS iteratively and incorporating the electrostatic asymptotics outside the box analytically. For solvated systems from small to large macromolecules and solid–liquid interfaces, this results in 6‐ to 16‐fold memory reduction and corresponding CPU load decrease in MDIIS. We illustrated the new technique on solvated systems of chemical and biomolecular relevance with different dimensionality, both in ambient water and aqueous electrolyte solution, by solving the 3D‐RISM equations with the Kovalenko–Hirata (KH) closure, and the hypernetted chain (HNC) closure where convergent. This core–shell‐asymptotics technique coupling MDIIS for the excluded volume core with iteration of the solvation shells converges as efficiently as MDIIS for the whole 3D box and yields the solvation structure and thermodynamics without loss of accuracy. Although being of benefit for solutes of any size, this memory reduction becomes critical in 3D‐RISM calculations for large solvated systems, such as macromolecules in solution with ions, ligands, and other cofactors. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Muscle excursion does not correlate with increased serial sarcomere number after muscle adaptation to stretched tendon transfer
Authors: Takahashi Mitsuhiko , Ward Samuel R. , Fridén Jan , Lieber Richard L. 
Published: April 2012

AbstractChronic skeletal muscle stretch typically increases serial muscle fiber sarcomere number. Since serial sarcomere number correlates with functional excursion in normal muscle, observed changes in sarcomere number are often extrapolated to their new assumed function. However, this has not been well demonstrated experimentally. Thus, we measured the functional properties of muscles stretched due to tendon transfer surgery. Muscle active and passive length–tension curves were measured 1 week and 4 weeks after surgery, and then each muscle was further examined to determine structural adaptation as well as single fiber and fiber bundle passive mechanical properties. We found a disconnect between the functional and structural muscle properties. Specifically, muscle excursion was significantly lower in the transferred muscle compared to controls, even though serial sarcomere number had increased. Furthermore, maximum tetanic tension was significantly reduced, though the two groups had similar physiological cross sectional areas. Passive tension increased in the transferred muscle, which was deemed to be due to proliferation of extracellular matrix. These data are the first to report that muscle morphological adaptation after chronic stretch does not accurately predict the muscle's functional properties. These data have significant implications for examining muscle physiological properties under surgical interventions. © 2012 Orthopaedic Research Society. This article is a US Government work and, as such, is in the public domain in the United States of America. © 2012 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 30:1774–1780, 2012
Endoscopy and role of endoscopic resection in gastric cancer
Authors: Hoppo Toshitaka , Jobe Blair A. 
Published: April 2012

AbstractPatient selection for endoscopic resection is based on meticulous endoscopic examination and histological assessment so as to avoid performing this procedure on patients with a high risk of lymph node involvement or metastatic disease. Currently, endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) is used for tumors <2 cm, and endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) should be considered for tumors >2 cm. The advantage of ESD is that it achieves en‐bloc resection of larger tumors, potentially reducing the risk of disease recurrence. J. Surg. Oncol. 2013;107:243–249. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Management of advanced carcinoma of the base of tongue
Authors: Karatzanis Alexander D. , Psychogios Georgios , Mantsopoulos Konstantinos , Zenk Johannes , Velegrakis George A. , Waldfahrer Frank , Iro Heinrich 
Published: April 2012

AbstractBackground and ObjectiveBase‐of‐tongue carcinoma is a relatively rare disease with aggressive behavior and poor prognosis. Up to date no consensus exists regarding the ideal management strategy for each stage of the disease. This study aims to evaluate the experience of a single head and neck oncology center in the management of advanced stage base‐of‐tongue cancer.MethodsA retrospective evaluation of cases primarily treated for stage III/IVA–B base‐of‐tongue carcinoma, between 1980 and 2007, at a tertiary referral center.ResultsA total of 366 cases were studied. Five‐year disease specific survival (DSS) was 42% and local control (LC) 80%. Regional and distal control estimates were 91.3 and 84%, respectively. Prognosis was significantly superior for cases receiving surgery plus adjuvant treatment compared to cases solely managed with non‐surgical modalities. Positive surgical margins and regional disease significantly worsened prognosis. Satisfactory retention of pharyngeal function and no fatal complications were noted in surgical cases.ConclusionAlthough no consensus exists regarding ideal therapy for advanced base‐of‐tongue carcinoma, combined strategies with the use of surgery and adjuvant chemoradiotherapy (CRT) seem to offer the best possibility for a positive outcome. J. Surg. Oncol. 2012; 106:713–718. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Role of radiation therapy in the management of pancreatic cancer
Authors: Goodman Karyn A. , Hajj Carla 
Published: April 2012

AbstractLocal failure remains a major issue for patients with both resectable and locally advanced pancreatic cancer. The role of radiation therapy in the management of this disease is less clear and represents an area of some controversy. The objective of this review is to present the rationale for radiation therapy in pancreatic cancer, as well as to discuss the potential limitations and caveats of the currently available studies. J. Surg. Oncol. 2013;107:86–96. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Behavioral markers of coping and psychiatric symptoms among sexually abused children
Authors: Shapiro Danielle N. , Kaplow Julie B. , Amaya‐Jackson Lisa , Dodge Kenneth A. 
Published: April 2012

AbstractThe current study examined coping and psychiatric symptoms in a longitudinal sample of sexually abused children. Coping was behaviorally coded from children's forensic interviews in the aftermath of sexual abuse. Using principal components analysis, coping behaviors were found to cluster into 3 categories: avoidant, expressive, and positive affective coping. Avoidant coping had predictive utility for a range of psychiatric symptoms, including depressive, posttraumatic stress, anxiety, and dissociative symptoms as well as aggression and attention problems measured 8–36 months following the forensic interview. Specific behaviors, namely fidgetiness and distractibility, were also found to be associated with future symptoms. These findings suggest the predictive utility of avoidant behaviors in general, and fidgetiness and distractibility in particular, among sexually abused children.
Stepped early psychological intervention for posttraumatic stress disorder, other anxiety disorders, and depression following serious injury
Authors: O'Donnell Meaghan L. , Lau Winnie , Tipping Susannah , Holmes Alexander C. N. , Ellen Steven , Judson Rodney , Varker Tracey , Elliot Peter , Bryant Richard A. , Creamer Mark C. , Forbes David 
Published: April 2012

AbstractThe best approach for implementing early psychological intervention for anxiety and depressive disorders after a traumatic event has not been established. This study aimed to test the effectiveness of a stepped model of early psychological intervention following traumatic injury. A sample of 683 consecutively admitted injury patients were screened during hospitalization. High‐risk patients were followed up at 4‐weeks postinjury and assessed for anxiety and depression symptom levels. Patients with elevated symptoms were randomly assigned to receive 4–10 sessions of cognitive–behavioral therapy (n = 24) or usual care (n = 22). Screening in the hospital identified 89% of those who went on to develop any anxiety or affective disorder at 12 months. Relative to usual care, patients receiving early intervention had significantly improved mental health at 12 months. A stepped model can effectively identify and treat injury patients with high psychiatric symptoms within 3 months of the initial trauma.
Translocation as a conservation tool for Agassiz's desert tortoises: Survivorship, reproduction, and movements
Authors: Nussear K. E. , Tracy C. R. , Medica P. A. , Wilson D. S. , Marlow R. W. , Corn P. S. 
Published: April 2012

AbstractWe translocated 120 Agassiz's desert tortoises to 5 sites in Nevada and Utah to evaluate the effects of translocation on tortoise survivorship, reproduction, and habitat use. Translocation sites included several elevations, and extended to sites with vegetation assemblages not typically associated with desert tortoises in order to explore the possibility of moving animals to upper elevation areas. We measured survivorship, reproduction, and movements of translocated and resident animals at each site. Survivorship was not significantly different between translocated and resident animals within and among sites, and survivorship was greater overall during non‐drought years. The number of eggs produced by tortoises was similar for translocated and resident females, but differed among sites. Animals translocated to atypical habitat generally moved until they reached vegetation communities more typical of desert tortoise habitat. Even within typical tortoise habitat, tortoises tended to move greater distances in the first year after translocation than did residents, but their movements in the second or third year after translocation were indistinguishable from those of resident tortoises. Our data show that tortoises translocated into typical Mojave desert scrub habitats perform well; however, the large first‐year movements of translocated tortoises have important management implications. Projects that employ translocations must consider how much area will be needed to contain translocated tortoises and whether roads need fencing to prevent the loss of animals. © 2012 The Wildlife Society.
Transnasal tracheoscopy
Authors: Verma Sunil P. , Smith Marshall E. , Dailey Seth H. 
Published: April 2012

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:Unsedated transnasal tracheoscopy (TNT) has emerged as a technique in otolaryngology–head and neck surgery for an awake airway examination in the office setting. This study investigates the safety, procedural success rate, indications, and findings of TNTs performed over a 3‐year period at an academic medical center.Study Design:Retrospective chart review.Methods:After institutional review board approval, billing records were reviewed for patients who underwent TNT from 2007–2009 in the University of Wisconsin–Madison Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery. Hospital charts for these patients were obtained, and data regarding patient demographics, complications, procedural success rate, indications, and findings were recorded.Results:Sixty‐eight TNTs were performed on 44 patients over the last 3 years (25 males, 19 females; age range, 16–91 years). No complications were noted. Ninety‐one percent of procedures were able to be completed. Indications for TNT were to: 1) detect airway stenosis or pathology, 2) evaluate the larynx and trachea prior to airway surgery, 3) monitor postoperative results of airway interventions, and 4) evaluate the airway prior to tracheotomy tube decannulation.Conclusions:TNT is a safe procedure that can be performed on the unsedated patient using only topical anesthesia and is an attractive alternative to rigid bronchoscopy. The procedural success rate was high, indicating good patient tolerance. The indications for TNT, including its use as a tool for surgical planning, have become better defined. TNT has become a standard tool in the management of patients with airway pathology in our practices.
Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator modulation by the tobacco smoke toxin acrolein
Authors: Alexander Nathan S. , Blount Angela , Zhang Shaoyan , Skinner Daniel , Hicks Stephen B. , Chestnut Michael , Kebbel Frederick A. , Sorscher Eric J. , Woodworth Bradford A. 
Published: April 2012

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:Evidence indicates that decreased mucociliary clearance (MCC) is a major contributing feature to chronic rhinosinusitis. Tobacco‐smoke exposure is thought to inhibit transepithelial Cl− secretion, a major determinant of airway surface liquid hydration and MCC. The objective of the current study was to evaluate the effects of acrolein exposure (a prominent tobacco smoke toxin) on vectorial Cl− transport through the major apical anion channel cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) in sinonasal epithelium.Study Design:In vitro investigation.Methods:Primary murine nasal septal epithelia (MNSE; wild‐type and transgenic CFTR−/−) cultures were exposed to acrolein in Ussing chambers and the effects on Cl− secretion investigated using pharmacologic manipulation. Cellular cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) signaling and cytotoxicity were also investigated.Results:Acrolein stimulated Cl− secretion (ΔISC—change in short‐circuit current in μA/cm2) at concentrations similar to smoker's airways (100 μM, 15.8 ± 2.2 vs. 2.4 ± 0.8 [control]; P < .0001), suppressed forskolin‐stimulated C− transport at 300 μM (13.3 ± 1.2 vs. 19.9 ± 1.0; P < .01), and completely abolished all transport at 500 μM (−1.1 ± 1.6). Stimulated Cl− secretion was solely reliant upon the presence of CFTR (confirmed in transgenic CFTR−/− MNSE), but independent of cAMP signaling. Inhibition at higher concentrations was not secondary to cellular cytotoxicity.Conclusions:The present study demonstrates that acrolein has complex but pronounced interaction with the major apical Cl− transport mechanism that uses CFTR. Further investigations are required to determine acrolein's impact as a tobacco smoke constituent on mucociliary transport.
Banded Spherulitic Morphology in Blends of Poly (propylene fumarate) and Poly(ϵ‐caprolactone) and Interaction with MC3T3‐E1 Cells
Authors: Wang Kan , Jesse Stephen , Wang Shanfeng 
Published: April 2012

AbstractThe thermal properties, morphological development, crystallization behavior, and miscibility of semicrystalline PCL and its 25, 50, and 75 wt% blends with amorphous PPF in spin‐coated thin films crystallized at various crystallization temperatures (Tc) from 25 to 52 °C are investigated. The surface roughness of PPF/PCL (ϕPCL = 75%) films increases with increasing Tc and consequently the adsorption of serum proteins is also increased. No significant variance is found in surface hydrophilicity or in mouse MC3T3‐E1 cell attachment, spreading, and proliferation on PPF/PCL (ϕPCL = 75%) films crystallized isothermally at 25, 37, and 45 °C, because of low ridge height, nonuniformity in structures, and PPF surface segregation.
Imidazolium End‐Functionalized ATRP Polymers as Directing Agents for CNT Dispersion and Confinement
Authors: Dervaux Bart , Meyer Franck , Raquez Jean‐Marie , Olivier Aurore , Du Prez Filip E. , Dubois Philippe 
Published: April 2012

AbstractImidazolium end‐functionalized poly(butyl acrylate) and polystyrene (co)polymers (Im‐PnBuA, Im‐PSty, and Im‐PnBuA‐b‐PSty are synthesized via ATRP. The controlled character of the polymerization reactions is highlighted by SEC and MALDI‐TOF MS analyses. Subsequently, the polymers are tested as dispersing/compatibilizing agents for CNTs in polymer matrices. When CNTs are challenged with a mixture of Im‐PnBuA and Im‐PSty, the CNTs are mainly located in the PnBuA phase. In contrast, the Im‐PnBuA‐b‐PSty block copolymer enables CNT confinement in the PSty phase. By selecting the proper ω‐imidazolium polymer, it is possible to direct the CNT confinement toward a specific polymer phase within polymer mixtures.
Structuring and Molding of Electrospun Nanofibers: Effect of Electrical and Topographical Local Properties of Micro‐Patterned Collectors
Authors: Lavielle Nicolas , Hébraud Anne , Mendoza‐Palomares Carlos , Ferrand Alice , Benkirane‐Jessel Nadia , Schlatter Guy 
Published: April 2012

AbstractThe controlled deposition of electrospun nanofibers at the micro‐scale is studied. Several collectors with microscopic patterns are prepared using photolithography. Nanofiber deposition is influenced by the geometry, the size, and the distance between micro‐patterns. Within certain conditions, membranes with multiple “micro spider‐webs” or perpendicularly interconnected microgrids are obtained. Dielectric micro‐holes having a conductive bottom can be filled by the nanofiber. This kind of micro‐molding is rationalized using simulations that show the influence of the collector relative permittivity on the electric field at the pattern vicinity. “Micro‐woven” membranes of PCL with good mechanical properties can be produced, allowing their use for biomedical applications in tissue engineering.magnified image
Noncontrast‐enhanced three‐dimensional (3D) intracranial MR angiography using pseudocontinuous arterial spin labeling and accelerated 3D radial acquisition
Authors: Wu Huimin , Block Walter F. , Turski Patrick A. , Mistretta Charles A. , Johnson Kevin M. 
Published: April 2012

AbstractPseudocontinuous arterial spin labeling (PCASL) can be used to generate noncontrast magnetic resonance angiograms of the cerebrovascular structures. Previously described PCASL‐based angiography techniques were limited to two‐dimensional projection images or relatively low‐resolution three‐dimensional (3D) imaging due to long acquisition time. This work proposes a new PCASL‐based 3D magnetic resonance angiography method that uses an accelerated 3D radial acquisition technique (VIPR, spoiled gradient echo) as the readout. Benefiting from the sparsity provided by PCASL and noise‐like artifacts of VIPR, this new method is able to obtain submillimeter 3D isotropic resolution and whole head coverage with a 8‐min scan. Intracranial angiography feasibility studies in healthy (N = 5) and diseased (N = 5) subjects show reduced saturation artifacts in PCASL‐VIPR compared with a standard time‐of‐flight protocol. These initial results show great promise for PCASL‐VIPR for static, dynamic, and vessel selective 3D intracranial angiography. Magn Reson Med, 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Topology optimization with geometric uncertainties by perturbation techniques
Authors: Lazarov B. S. , Schevenels M. , Sigmund O. 
Published: April 2012

SUMMARYThe aim of this paper was to present a topology optimization methodology for obtaining robust designs insensitive to small uncertainties in the geometry. The variations are modeled using a stochastic field. The model can represent spatially varying geometry imperfections in devices produced by etching techniques. Because of under‐etching or over‐etching parts of the structure may become thinner or thicker than a reference design supplied to the manufacturer. The uncertainties are assumed to be small and their influence on the system response is evaluated using perturbation techniques. Under the above assumptions, the proposed algorithm provides a computationally cheap alternative to previously introduced stochastic optimization methods based on Monte Carlo sampling. The method is demonstrated on the design of a minimum compliance cantilever beam and a compliant mechanism. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Inverse extraction of cohesive zone laws by field projection method using numerical auxiliary fields
Authors: Kim Hyun‐Gyu , Chew Huck Beng , Kim Kyung‐Suk 
Published: April 2012

SUMMARYThe cohesive zone law relates the cohesive tractions with the cohesive separations within the fracture process zone of a material and is used to quantify the strength and toughness of the material. Determining the material's cohesive zone law, however, is a nontrivial inverse problem of finding unknown tractions and separations from measurement data. Previously, a field projection method was established to extract the cohesive zone laws from far‐field data using interaction J‐integrals between the physical field of interest and auxiliary analytical probing fields. Here, we extend the universality of the field projection method and its ease of numerical implementation by using numerical auxiliary fields. These numerical fields are generated by systematically imposing uniform surface tractions element‐by‐element along the crack faces in finite element models. Then, interaction J‐ and M‐integrals between these auxiliary probing fields and the measurement field are used to reconstruct the traction and separation relationship along the crack faces. The effectiveness of this method in extracting the cohesive zone law from measured displacements in the far‐field region is demonstrated through numerical experiments. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
CTC1 Mutations in a patient with dyskeratosis congenita
Authors: Keller Rachel B. , Gagne Katelyn E. , Usmani G. Naheed , Asdourian George K. , Williams David A. , Hofmann Inga , Agarwal Suneet 
Published: April 2012

AbstractDyskeratosis congenita (DC) is a rare inherited bone marrow failure syndrome caused by mutations in seven genes involved in telomere biology, with approximately 50% of cases remaining genetically uncharacterized. We report a patient with classic DC carrying a compound heterozygous mutation in the CTC1 (conserved telomere maintenance component 1) gene, which has recently implicated in the pleiotropic syndrome Coats plus. This report confirms a molecular link between DC and Coats plus and expands the genotype–phenotype complexity observed in telomere‐related genetic disorders. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2012;59:311–314. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.