bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mesoscopic simulation of the surface inducing effects on the compatibility of PS‐b‐PMMA copolymers
Authors: Mu Dan , Li Jian‐Quan , Wang Song 
Published: October 2011

AbstractThe phase morphologies of designed polystyrene‐block‐poly(methyl methacrylate) (PS‐b‐PMMA) copolymers were studied at 383, 413, and 443 K by mesoscopic simulations. Eighteen patterned surfaces of four series were designed and designated as “ci,” “co,” “gra,” and “rg” to study their influence on changing the microscopic phase morphology of copolymers. The topography of the “ci” series surfaces was shaped by semicircular balls. Different radii were applied to simulate different degrees of surface roughness. The “co” series were composed of cubic columns as the mask, and the cubic columns were separated by equal spaces. Various sizes and heights of columns were used to simulate different degrees of surface roughness. The “gra” series were composed of surfaces with different areas of section and the same height to simulate different degrees of surface roughness. The “rg” series were composed of concentric cuboids with continuous increasing heights and sizes. The degree of phase separation depended on the structures of copolymers, the topography of surfaces and the simulation temperatures. When the triblock copolymer with surfaces induced was composed of the same component at both ends and had larger PS segment percentage, it would present higher values of order parameter, that was, “ABA” showed the highest, “AB” the second high and “BAB” the last, the values of order parameter of the long chains were higher than those of the short ones, except the situation with co‐4432 and co‐8832 surfaces induced. However, the co‐4432 and co‐8832 surfaces performed the most intensive extent of inducing effect. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012
Development and characterization of thermosensitive hydrogels based on poly(N‐isopropylacrylamide) and calcium alginate
Authors: Petrusic Stojanka , Lewandowski Maryline , Giraud Stéphane , Jovancic Petar , Bugarski Branko , Ostojic Sanja , Koncar Vladan 
Published: October 2011

AbstractThis work refers to the synthesis and characterization of thermosensitive hydrogels based on interpenetrating polymer networks (IPNs) of poly(N‐isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAAm) and calcium alginate in the form of films. The influence of the crosslinking degree of PNIPAAm and alginate content on thermal, swelling, mechanical, and morphological properties of hydrogels is investigated in detail. Characterization of pure PNIPAAm hydrogels and IPN hydrogels was performed by FTIR, DSC, DMA, and SEM. In addition, the studies of equilibrium swelling behavior as well as swelling, deswelling, and reswelling kinetics are performed. The results obtained imply the benefits of synthesizing IPNs based on PNIPAAm and calcium alginate over pure PNIPAAm hydrogels. The presence of calcium alginate contributes to the improvement of mechanical properties, the deswelling rate of hydrogels, and the network porosity, without altering the thermosensitivity of PNIPAAm significantly. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012
Myositis‐specific anti‐155/140 autoantibodies target transcription intermediary factor 1 family proteins
Authors: Fujimoto Manabu , Hamaguchi Yasuhito , Kaji Kenzo , Matsushita Takashi , Ichimura Yuki , Kodera Masanari , Ishiguro Naoko , Ueda‐Hayakawa Ikuko , Asano Yoshihide , Ogawa Fumihide , Fujikawa Keita , Miyagi Takuya , Mabuchi Eriko , Hirose Kenji , Akimoto Narihiro , Hatta Naohito , Tsutsui Kiyohiro , Higashi Akira , Igarashi Atsuyuki , Seishima Mariko , Hasegawa Minoru , Takehara Kazuhiko 
Published: October 2011

AbstractObjectiveTo identify the 140‐kd autoantigen recognized by anti‐155/140 autoantibodies that are associated with adult cancer‐associated dermatomyositis (DM) and juvenile DM and to determine the clinical relevance of anti‐155/140 antibodies in a large cohort.MethodsSera from 456 DM patients were assessed for the presence of anti‐155/140 antibodies by immunoprecipitation using K562 cell extracts as substrate. Using immunoprecipitation and Western blotting, we then examined whether anti‐155/140–positive sera recognized transcription intermediary factor 1α (TIF‐1α), TIF‐1β, and TIF‐1γ. The clinical associations of antigen reactivity were also evaluated.ResultsAnti‐155/140–positive sera reacted with 140‐kd TIF‐1α in addition to 155‐kd TIF‐1γ. Among sera from 456 DM patients, 52 were reactive with both TIF‐1α and TIF‐1γ, while another 25 were reactive with TIF‐1γ alone. Additionally, 7 were reactive with TIF‐1β. Malignancy was more frequently found in adult patients with both anti–TIF‐1α and anti–TIF‐1γ antibodies than in those with anti–TIF‐1γ antibodies alone (73% versus 50%; P < 0.05). In addition to juvenile DM patients and middle‐aged and older DM patients with high percentages of malignancy, 8 “young adult” DM patients without malignancy had these autoantibodies.ConclusionAnti‐155/140 antibodies target TIF‐1 family proteins, TIF‐1α and TIF‐1β, in addition to TIF‐1γ. Since TIF‐1 proteins have significant roles in oncogenesis, these antibodies may be produced during misdirected antitumor immunity.
Der altruistische Golden Gate‐Egel und das ITIS‐Projekt
Authors: Kutschera Ulrich 
Published: October 2011

AbstractVor 25 Jahren wurde im Stow Lake des Stadtparks von San Francisco, Kalifornien (USA), eine Egelart entdeckt und beschrieben. Dieser Brutpflege betreibende “Golden Gate‐Leech” konnte inzwischen auch auf Grundlage von DNA‐Sequenz‐Analysen als neue Art identifiziert werden. In den Vereinigten Staaten gibt es ein offizielles Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS), in dem diese endemische Egelart gelistet wird. Ein derartiges zentrales Biodiversitäts‐Register fehlt in Deutschland.
How Important Is Backbonding in Metal Complexes Containing N‐Heterocyclic Carbenes? Structural and NBO Analysis
Authors: Comas‐Vives Aleix , Harvey Jeremy N. 
Published: October 2011

AbstractDFT calculations have been used to analyze the degree of metal‐to‐ligand backbonding in a range of model transition metal complexes of N‐heterocyclic carbenes. Two new methods of analysis have been introduced for this purpose. The first is structural and involves comparing the variation of the C–N bond length and N–C–N angle in complexes in which σ‐donation is dominant (e.g. complexes with BF3) and others in which backbonding might be expected. The second uses the perturbative natural bonding orbital (NBO) method. Both methods lead to the firm conclusion that backbonding is significant in these compounds – as large or even larger than in the corresponding phosphane complexes. This is partly due to the very strong σ‐donor nature of the ligand, which makes typical metal acceptor centers very electron‐rich and hence very apt to undergo backbonding.
Synthesis, Structures, and Transfer Hydrogenation Catalysis of Bifunctional Iridium Complexes Bearing a C–N Chelate Oxime Ligand
Authors: Watanabe Megumi , Kashiwame Yohei , Kuwata Shigeki , Ikariya Takao 
Published: October 2011

AbstractWe have synthesized a series of organometallic oxime complexes as novel metal–ligand cooperating bifunctional catalysts. The reaction of [{Cp*IrCl(μ2‐Cl)}2] with ketoximes in the presence of sodium acetate afforded the half‐sandwich chlorido iridium complexes 6 bearing a C–N chelate oxime ligand with a protic OH group in the β‐position to the metal. Complex 6a, derived from acetophenone oxime, reacted with silver triflate to give the triflate complex 7 and cationic nitrile complex 8 depending upon the reaction solvent. Complexes 6 also reacted with a base in dichloromethane to afford the oximato‐bridged dinuclear complexes 9, which were converted back to the chlorido complexes 6 upon treatment with an amine hydrochloride. In contrast, dehydrochlorination of 6 in 2‐propanol as well as the reaction of 9 with 2‐propanol yielded the hydrido‐bridged dinuclear oxime–oximato complexes 10. Crossover experiments revealed that 10 dissociates into the mononuclear hydrido–oxime complex 11 and unsaturated oximato complex 12, which are interconvertible by reactions with hydrogen donors and acceptors. Owing to the metal–ligand cooperation, 10 effectively catalyzed transfer hydrogenation of ketones with 2‐propanol.
Absorption difference between diacylglycerol oil and butter blend containing diacylglycerol oil
Authors: Kristensen Janni Brogaard , Jørgensen Henry , Mu Huiling 
Published: October 2011

AbstractThis study aims at investigating whether the intake of butter blends containing diacylglycerol (DAG) oil may result in reduced fat accumulation, in similarity to DAG oil, and the potential metabolic differences between butter blends and DAG oil. Four experimental diets containing either 10 wt% DAG butter blend (BDAG), triacylglycerol (TAG) butter blend (BTAG), DAG oil (ODAG) or TAG oil (OTAG) were prepared, and each was fed to a group of 8 male Wistar rats. The design of the experiment was a combined balance and feeding experiment. The rats fed the BTAG and ODAG‐diets had a significantly higher protein content than rats fed the BDAG and OTAG‐diets, and the fat content was significantly lower in rats fed the ODAG‐diet as compared to rats fed the OTAG and BDAG‐diets. A significantly higher content of ash was observed in rats fed the two TAG diets. The ratio of abdominal fat weight/body weight was significantly higher for rats fed the BDAG‐diet than for rats fed the BTAG and ODAG‐diets. To conclude, the beneficial effects of DAG oil in reducing body fat accumulation cannot be observed in DAG oil containing butter blends, and the effect of DAG on bone health requires further investigation.
Lewis Acid‐Catalyzed Selective Synthesis of Diversely Substituted Indolo‐ and Pyrrolo[1,2‐a]quinoxalines and Quinoxalinones by Modified Pictet–Spengler Reaction
Authors: Verma Akhilesh K. , Jha Rajeev R. , Sankar V. Kasi , Aggarwal Trapti , Singh Rajendra P. , Chandra Ramesh 
Published: October 2011

AbstractAn efficient tandem process for the selective synthesis of 1,2‐annulated α‐fused quinoxalines using benzotriazole methodology by a modified Pictet–Spengler reaction is described. The approach involves the reaction of arylamines 4 with aromatic aldehydes 5 to furnish 6‐endo‐dig‐cyclized products. Dihydroquinoxalines 6 were selectively obtained by using AlCl3 in tetrahydrofuran (THF) at room temperature for two hours. However, after ten hours, quinoxalines 7 were obtained exclusively in excellent yields. A series of biologically important fluoro‐ and piperazenyl‐substituted quinoxalines were also synthesized. This developed methodology also provides access to a novel tandem synthesis of quinoxalinones 9.
Ritter Reaction: Recent Catalytic Developments
Authors: Guérinot Amandine , Reymond Sébastien , Cossy Janine 
Published: October 2011

AbstractThe Ritter reaction is a method of choice for the production of amides, which are versatile intermediates in organic synthesis and compounds of interest in natural product synthesis. Recent efforts have been directed towards the development of catalytic versions for the development of more eco‐friendly synthetic routes to amides. This review summarizes the recent progress in this area and covers new applications in the field of Ritter‐type and multicomponent reactions.
Application of Proline‐Functionalised 1,2‐Diphenylethane‐1,2‐diamine (DPEN) in Asymmetric Transfer Hydrogenation of Ketones
Authors: Manville Charles V. , Docherty Gordon , Padda Ranbir , Wills Martin 
Published: October 2011

AbstractA series of enantiomerically pure ligands containing a combination of proline and DPEN groups have been prepared and employed in the asymmetric transfer hydrogenation of ketones. In the case of cyclic ketones, alcohols with ee values of up to 98 % were obtained.
Selective Synthesis of Fused 1,4‐ and 1,2‐Dihydropyridines by Domino Reactions of Arylamines, Acetylenedicarboxylate, Aldehydes, and Cyclic 1,3‐Diketones
Authors: Sun Jing , Sun Yan , Gao Hong , Yan Chao‐Guo 
Published: October 2011

AbstractA practical procedure for the preparation of fused 1,4‐dihydropyridines was developed through the domino four‐component reactions of arylamines, acetylenedicarboxylate, aromatic aldehydes, and cyclic 1,3‐diketones in acetic acid. Unusual fused 1,2‐dihydropyridines can also be efficiently prepared by controlling the reaction conditions.
Insulin biosynthesis in neuronal progenitors derived from adult hippocampus and the olfactory bulb
Authors: Kuwabara Tomoko , Kagalwala Mohamedi N. , Onuma Yasuko , Ito Yuzuru , Warashina Masaki , Terashima Kazuyuki , Sanosaka Tsukasa , Nakashima Kinichi , Gage Fred H. , Asashima Makoto 
Published: October 2011

AbstractIn the present study, we demonstrated that insulin is produced not only in the mammalian pancreas but also in adult neuronal cells derived from the hippocampus and olfactory bulb (OB). Paracrine Wnt3 plays an essential role in promoting the active expression of insulin in both hippocampal and OB‐derived neural stem cells. Our analysis indicated that the balance between Wnt3, which triggers the expression of insulin via NeuroD1, and IGFBP‐4, which inhibits the original Wnt3 action, is regulated depending on diabetic (DB) status. We also show that adult neural progenitors derived from DB animals retain the ability to give rise to insulin‐producing cells and that grafting neuronal progenitors into the pancreas of DB animals reduces glucose levels. This study provides an example of a simple and direct use of adult stem cells from one organ to another, without introducing additional inductive genes.See accompanying article http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/emmm.201100178
Equivalent mechanical models of sloshing fluid in arbitrary‐section aqueducts
Authors: Li Yuchun , Di Qingshuang , Gong Yongqing 
Published: October 2011

SUMMARYThis paper reports on a semi‐analytical/numerical method to model sloshing water in an arbitrarily shaped aqueduct. The water motion is assumed to be inviscid, compressible, and linear (small displacement). The transverse sloshing fluid in an aqueduct is equivalently simplified as a fixed rigid mass M0 and a mass–spring system (M1, K1). According to a rule that the actual fluid (computed with finite element model) and its equivalent mechanical model have the same first sloshing frequency and acting effects on the aqueduct, the analytical solutions of the fixed (impulsive) mass M0, sloshing (convective) massM1, spring stiffness K1, and their locations in the aqueduct body are acquired by the least squares (curve fitting) algorithm. Applying this equivalent principle, the equivalent mechanical models are respectively obtained for the sloshing water in rectangular, semicircular, U‐shaped, and trapezoid aqueducts. The equivalent principle and fluid models are validated through comparison investigations involving rectangular and U‐shaped aqueducts. The dynamic properties and seismic responses of the original and equivalent systems are simulated, compared, and discussed for a U‐shaped aqueduct bridge. The main purpose of this paper is to provide a simplified model of sloshing fluid for the seismic/wind‐resistant computation of the support structures of the aqueduct bridge. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Coupling of finite volume method and thermal lattice Boltzmann method and its application to natural convection
Authors: Luan H.B. , Xu H. , Chen L. , Feng Y.L. , He Y.L. , Tao W.Q. 
Published: October 2011

SUMMARYOn the basis of the existing density distribution function reconstruction operator, the temperature distribution operator was derived to calculate heat transfer by coupling the lattice Boltzmann method (LBM) with the finite volume method. The present coupling model was validated by two‐dimensional natural convection flows with and without an isolated internal vertical plate. The results from the coupling model agree well with those from the pure‐finite volume method, pure‐LBM and references, and all the physical quantities cross the coupled interface smoothly. On the basis of residual history curves, it is likely that the convergence property and the numerical stability of the present model are better than those of the pure‐LBM at fine grid numbers and high Rayleigh numbers. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Association of Coffee and Caffeine Consumption With Fatty Liver Disease, Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis, and Degree of Hepatic Fibrosis
Authors: Molloy Jeffrey W. , Calcagno Christopher J. , Williams Christopher D. , Jones Frances J. , Torres Dawn M. , Harrison Stephen A. 
Published: October 2011

Abstract

Coffee caffeine consumption (CC) is associated with reduced hepatic fibrosis in patients with chronic liver diseases, such as hepatitis C. The association of CC with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has not been established. The aim of this study was to correlate CC with the prevalence and severity of NAFLD. Patients involved in a previously published NAFLD prevalence study, as well as additional NASH patients identified in the Brooke Army Medical Center Hepatology clinic, were queried about their caffeine intake. A validated questionnaire for CC was utilized to assess for a relationship between caffeine and four groups: ultrasound negative (controls), bland steatosis/not-NASH, NASH stage 0-1, and NASH stage 2-4. A total of 306 patients responded to the CC questionnaire. Average milligrams of total caffeine/coffee CC per day in controls, bland steatosis/not-NASH, NASH stage 0-1, and NASH stage 2-4 were 307/228, 229/160, 351/255, and 252/152, respectively. When comparing patients with bland steatosis/not-NASH to those with NASH stage 0-1, there was a significant difference in CC between the two groups (

P

= 0.005). Additionally, when comparing patients with NASH stage 0-1 to those with NASH stage 2-4, there was a significant difference in coffee CC (

P

= 0.016). Spearman's rank correlation analysis further supported a negative relationship between coffee CC and hepatic fibrosis (r = −0.215;

P

= 0.035).

Conclusion:

Coffee CC is associated with a significant reduction in risk of fibrosis among NASH patients. (Hepatology 2012)
The Adjustment of Ethnic Minority and Majority Children Living in Israel: Does Parental Use of Corporal Punishment Act as a Mediator?
Authors: Regev Rotem , Gueron‐Sela Noa , Atzaba‐Poria Naama 
Published: October 2011

AbstractThis paper examines explanatory mechanisms of differences, in both positive and negative aspects of children's adjustment, between ethnic minority (i.e., Former Soviet Union—FSU origin) and ethnic majority (i.e., Israeli) children living in Israel. Seventy Israeli children (40 girls) and 75 FSU origin children (38 girls) and their parents constituted the study sample. Both mothers and fathers reported on the children's prosocial and externalizing behaviours and provided accounts of their use of corporal punishment. Analyses showed that FSU origin children displayed lower levels of prosocial behaviour as well as higher levels of externalizing problems and that their parents used more corporal punishment than their Israeli counterparts. In addition, a mediation model was determined in which both maternal and paternal use of corporal punishment mediated the link between ethnicity and the child's prosocial behaviour. Furthermore, according to the best fitting structural equation model, ethnicity did not have a direct effect on children's prosocial behaviour. This link was fully mediated by maternal and paternal corporal punishment. No mediation was revealed for the links between ethnicity and externalizing problems. The process of risk is discussed. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
HIF-1α and HIF-2α degradation is differentially regulated in nucleus pulposus cells of the intervertebral disc
Authors: Fujita Nobuyuki , Chiba Kazuhiro , Shapiro Irving M , Risbud Makarand V 
Published: October 2011

Abstract
Studies of many cell types show that levels of hypoxia inducible factor (HIF)-1α and HIF-2α are primarily controlled by oxygen-dependent proteasomal degradation, catalyzed by HIF prolyl-hydroxylases (PHDs). However, in the hypoxic niche of the intervertebral disc, the mechanism of HIF-α turnover in nucleus pulposus cells is not yet known. We show that in nucleus pulposus cells HIF-1α and HIF-2α, degradation was mediated through 26S proteasome irrespective of oxygen tension. It is noteworthy that HIF-2α degradation through 26S proteasome was more pronounced in hypoxia. Surprisingly, treatment with DMOG, a PHD inhibitor, shows the accumulation of only HIF-1α and induction in activity of its target genes, but not of HIF-2α. Loss and gain of function analyses using lentiviral knockdown of PHDs and overexpression of individual PHDs show that in nucleus pulposus cells only PHD2 played a limited role in HIF-1α degradation; again HIF-2α degradation was unaffected. We also show that the treatment with inhibitors of lysosomal proteolysis results in a strong accumulation of HIF-1α and to a much smaller extent of HIF-2α levels. It is thus evident that in addition to PHD2 catalyzed degradation, the HIF-1α turnover in nucleus pulposus cells is primarily regulated by oxygen-independent pathways. Importantly, our data clearly suggests that proteasomal degradation of HIF-2α is not mediated by a classical oxygen-dependent PHD pathway. These results for the first time provide a rationale for the normoxic stabilization as well as the maintenance of steady-state levels of HIF-1α and HIF-2α in nucleus pulposus cells. © 2012 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research
The antioxidant tempol ameliorates arterial medial calcification in uremic rats: Important role of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of vascular calcification in chronic kidney disease
Authors: Yamada Shunsuke , Taniguchi Masatomo , Tokumoto Masanori , Toyonaga Jiro , Fujisaki Kiichiro , Suehiro Takaichi , Noguchi Hideko , Iida Mitsuo , Tsuruya Kazuhiko , Kitazono Takanari 
Published: October 2011

Abstract
Vascular calcification is closely related to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Accumulating data indicate that oxidative stress is associated with dysfunction of various organs, including cardiovascular diseases in chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, it remains undetermined if oxidative stress induced by uremia promotes arterial medial calcification. The present study investigated the role of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of arterial medial calcification in uremic rats. Rats with uremia induced by adenine-rich diet progressively developed arterial medial calcification, which was accompanied by time-dependent increases in both aortic and systemic oxidative stress. Immunohistochemical and biochemical analyses showed that the arterial medial calcification progressed in a time-dependent manner that is parallel to the osteogenic transdifferentiation of vascular smooth muscle cells. Accumulation of oxidative stress was also identified in the calcified regions. Time-course studies indicated that both oxidative stress and hyperphosphatemia correlated with arterial medial calcification. Tempol, an antioxidant, ameliorated osteogenic transdifferentiation of vascular smooth muscle cells and arterial medial calcification in uremic rats, together with reduction in aortic and systemic oxidative stress levels, without affecting serum biochemical parameters. Our data suggest that oxidative stress induced by uremia can play a role in the pathogenesis of vascular calcification in CKD, and that antioxidants such as tempol are potentially useful in preventing the progression of vascular calcification in CKD. © 2012 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research