bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The N‐terminal amino acid of apolipoprotein D is putatively covalently bound to 3‐hydroxy‐3‐methyl hexanoic acid, a key odour compound in axillary sweat
Authors: Akiba S. , Arai N. , Kusuoku H. , Takagi Y. , Hagura T. , Takeuchi K. , Fuji A. 
Published: February 2011

SynopsisAxillary sweat is odourless when freshly collected at the surface of human skin, but it contains non‐odoriferous precursors, which can be transformed into odorous substances by bacteria. E‐3‐methyl‐2‐hexanoic acid (3M2H) is one of the key odorous substances, but there are two contradictory reports about its precursor form. One report states that 3M2H linked non‐covalently to apolipoprotein D (apoD) is the precursor, while a second report states that 3M2H–Gln identified in human axillary sweat is the precursor. Recently, 3‐hydroxy‐3‐methyl hexanoic acid (HMHA) and 3‐methyl‐3‐sulfanylhexane‐1‐ol (3M3T) have also been identified and reported as characteristic components found in apocrine sweat. To better understand the formation of axillary odours and the structural relationships between these compounds and apoD, we characterized the linkage between odorous substances and apoD in human axillary secretions. ApoD was purified from human axillary secretions collected from 50 healthy female volunteers and was then digested by trypsin and analysed by MALDI‐TOF mass spectrometry. A Mascot search showed that 8 peaks identified in the trypsin‐digested samples correspond to the masses calculated for theoretically digested apoD sequences and the purified protein was assigned as a precursor of apoD [Homo sapiens]. One spectrum corresponded to the theoretical peak of HMHA linked covalently to the N‐terminal fragment of apoD. In contrast, no spectrum corresponded to the theoretical peak of a 3M2H adduct or to an unmodified N‐terminal fragment of apoD. These results indicate a possibility that HMHA binds covalently to the N‐terminal amino acid of apoD in human axillary secretions.
No effect of the ectoparasite Crataerina pallida on reproduction of Common Swifts Apus apus
Authors: WALKER MARK D. , ROTHERHAM IAN D. 
Published: February 2011

Previous studies have failed to ascertain negative effects of the Swift Lousefly Crataerina pallida parasitism on Common Swifts Apus apus. Abundances of C. pallida were experimentally manipulated to create broods experiencing either enhanced or reduced parasitism, and host life‐history traits were examined. No significant differences in clutch and brood size, rate of growth, asymptotic and fledging mass and size, or the number of fledglings per nest were observed. Reductions in parasite virulence may have developed due to the connection of C. pallida and host success, or costs may be borne by traits not influencing immediate fledging success.
Nonleukemic myeloid dendritic cells obtained from autologous stem cell products elicit antileukemia responses in patients with acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Serrano‐López Juana , Sanchez‐Garcia Joaquin , Serrano Josefina , Alvarez‐Rivas Miguel A. , Garcia‐Castellano Jose M. , Roman‐Gomez Jose , Rosa Olga de la , Herrera‐Arroyo Concepcion , Torres‐Gomez Antonio 
Published: February 2011

BACKGROUND: Dendritic cell (DC)‐based immunotherapeutic protocols are being developed to treat acute myeloid leukemia (AML). So far, DCs for clinical use are obtained from leukemic blasts or from monocytes, after 6 to 10 days of ex vivo culture. However, DC precursors are easily driven to DCs in short‐term culture. We tested if DC precursors contained in peripheral blood stem cell (PBSC) products obtained from AML patients can be used to induce antileukemia responses.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: PBSCs obtained from 30 consecutive AML patients were tested. Myeloid DCs (MDCs) were purified by immunomagnetic selection and screened for cytogenetic and/or molecular abnormalities by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) or polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays. MDCs were matured and pulsed with autologous blast lysates and tested for stimulatory capability against AML cells.RESULTS: A median of 0.62 × 106 MDCs (range, 0.04‐3.25)/mL were quantified in PBSC products. Isolated MDC expressed Class I and II HLA but CD86, CD54, and CCR5 partially. By FISH or PCR assay, these MDCs lacked cytogenetic or molecular abnormalities detected in leukemia cells at diagnosis. MDCs achieved a maturated stage (mature‐MDCs) after 24‐hour ex vivo culture with tumor necrosis factor‐α and autologous blast lysates. These mature‐MDCs were capable of stimulating autologous peripheral blood effectors to exert cytotoxicity against autologous leukemia cells and HL‐60 cell line.CONCLUSION: We conclude that PBSCs obtained for autologous stem cell transplantation can constitute a novel source of MDCs to design feasible vaccination trials.
Characteristics of post donation information donors and comparison with appropriately deferred donors
Authors: Wilkinson Susan L. , Steele Whitney R. , High Patrick M. , Wright David J. ,   for the NHLBI Retrovirus Epidemiology Donor Study‐II (REDS‐II)
Published: February 2011

BACKGROUND: Post donation information (PDI) is the most frequently reported biological product deviation (BPD) related to donor suitability and the health history screening process. PDI occurs when a deferrable health history known by the donor is not disclosed, but is subsequently disclosed at a future donation.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: PDI and appropriately deferred (AD) donors were identified at six US blood centers from July 1, 2006, to June 30, 2007. PDI and AD donors were categorized according to travel, medical, blood disease or exposure, and high‐risk–sexual and high‐risk–nonsexual deferrals. Information was obtained from BPD reports and blood center records. Predictors of PDI were identified using an adjusted logistic regression model controlling for select characteristics.RESULTS: There were 2059 PDI and 36,512 AD donors. PDI donors were significantly more likely to be male, older, and more educated than AD donors. Medical and high‐risk–sexual PDI donors were more likely to have more than six intervening donations before disclosure of deferrable history. PDI donors with a deferral reason due to high‐risk behaviors (both sexual and nonsexual) were 2.3 and 2.6 times more likely to be PDI than the reference group (travel PDI donors).CONCLUSIONS: No previous studies have described the characteristics of PDI donors or examined how PDI donors are different from AD donors for the same deferral reasons. We found that PDIs are more likely in older, male donors with higher levels of education when compared to AD donors.
Prevalence of Asymptomatic Upper Extremity Venous Obstruction in 302 Patients Undergoing First Implantation of Cardioverter Defibrillator
Authors: LINHART MARKUS , SCHWAB JÖRG O. , BELLMANN BARBARA , SCHRICKEL JAN W. , KREUZ JENS , BALTA OSMAN , NAEHLE CLAAS P. , STRACH KATHARINA , SCHNEIDER CHRISTIAN , ESMAILZADEH BAHMAN , FIMMERS ROLF , NICKENIG GEORG , LICKFETT LARS M. 
Published: February 2011

Background: Little is known about the prevalence of upper extremity vein obstruction or anomalies in patients before first implantation of implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD). It remains unclear in which patients contrast venography is warranted before implantation procedure.
Methods: Results of clinical data and contrast venography of 302 consecutive patients scheduled for first ICD implantation were analyzed.
Results: Prevalence of upper vein obstruction was 6.6% (20/302 patients) in a typical patient population undergoing first ICD implantation. Age, left ventricular ejection fraction, underlying heart disease, prior open‐heart surgery, or cardiopulmonary resuscitation were not predictors of obstruction. Patients with previous cardiac pacemaker implantation had a higher rate of obstruction, though this was not statistically significant (20% vs 15.7%, P = 0.54). Persistent left vena cava was found in 0.7%.
Conclusion: There is no clinical parameter sufficient enough to predict upper extremity venous obstruction. Contrast venography may be considered in patients with previous pacemaker placement but should not be a routine diagnostic tool in unselected patients prior to first ICD‐implantation procedure. (PACE 2011; 684–689)
ICD and Neuromodulation Devices: Is Peaceful Coexistence Possible?
Authors: MOLON GIULIO , PERRONE COSIMO , MAINES MASSIMILIANO , COSTA ALESSANDRO , COMISSO JENNIFER , BOI ALIDA , MORO EUGENIO , VERGARA GIUSEPPE , BARBIERI ENRICO 
Published: February 2011

Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the potential cross‐talk between implantable cardioverter defibrillator device (ICD) and implantable neuromodulation device (IND) during the implantation procedure and the ventricular fibrillation induction test and in daily life.
Methods: We present two cases of patients with an IND who underwent ICD implantation and one case of a patient implanted with a biventricular ICD who received an IND 6 months later. Two of these patients had a spinal cord stimulator (SCS), while the other had a sacral neuromodulator.
Results: No cross‐talk was recorded in the patient with the sacral neuromodulator and the ICD. Temporary damage to one of the SCSs was observed after multiple ICD shocks.
Conclusions: When implanted contemporarily with sacral or spinal neurostimulators, cardiac devices appear to be safe, as confirmed by the appropriate detection and interruption of arrhythmic episodes. On the other hand, neuromodulation devices could be temporarily or permanently damaged by multiple ICD discharges. It is recommended that the neurostimulator be interrogated after an ICD shock, in order to check the state of the device. (PACE 2011; 690–693)
Assessment of mini‐implant displacement using cone beam computed tomography
Authors: Alves Matheus , Baratieri Carolina , Nojima Lincoln Issamu 
Published: February 2011

AbstractObjectives: To assess, through cone beam computed tomography (CBCT), the mini‐implants' stability and behaviour when submitted to orthodontic force during upper molars' intrusion.Material and methods: Forty‐one mini‐implants were divided into two groups: 30 in the buccal and palatal mini‐implants group (BPMI), inserted into buccal and palatal sides, and 11 in the midpalatal mini‐implants group (MPMI), inserted into midpalatal suture. One day after insertion, a 200 gf was applied on the mini‐implants during a 5‐month period. CBCT was performed twice: before force application (CBCT 1) and 5 months later (CBCT 2). For mini‐implant displacement assessment, the distance of mini‐implants' head (HMI) and tail (TMI) to coronal, sagittal and axial planes was measured at CBCT 1 and 2.Results: For the BPMI group, the displacement rate was statistically significant (P<0.05) in all three dimensions for both the head and the tail. For the MPMI group, the displacement rate was statistically significant (P<0.05) only in the antero‐posterior (head and tail) and vertical (head) dimensions.Conclusions: Buccal, palatal and midpalatal mini‐implants showed some displacement (mean value ≤0.78) when submitted to force, although they are aimed to provide stable skeletal anchorage.To cite this article:
Alves M Jr, Baratieri C, Nojima LI. Assessment of mini‐implant displacement using cone beam computed tomography. Clin. Oral Impl. Res. 22, 2011; 1151–1156. doi: 10.1111/j.1600‐0501.2010.02092.x
Changing assessment practice through in situ faculty development
Authors: Pickworth G. E. , Snyman W.D. 
Published: February 2011

AbstractThe aim of this article is to describe the process of an in situ staff development process with the objective to influence change in assessment practice. An in situ training course focusing on writing questions for written examinations, but also including some contextual aspects of assessment practice, was therefore developed and implemented. The anticipated change was measured against Kirkpatrick’s four levels for evaluating training programmes. As a whole, the reaction from the participants was positive (Kirkpatrick Level 1), and in a number of instances, learning, which includes changes in attitude, knowledge and skills (Kirkpatrick Level 2) and change in behaviour (Kirkpatrick Level 3), was observed. To conclude, the staff development initiative in the form of in situ assessment training facilitated change resulting in an improvement in assessment practice in the School in a relatively short period of time.
Perceived relevance of oral biology by dental students
Authors: Scheven B. A. A. 
Published: February 2011

AbstractObjectives:  This study investigated the perception that dental students have regarding the relevance of oral biology (OB) to dental education and dentistry in general. Moreover, this study analysed students’ attitude towards OB learning approaches and resources.Methods:  A questionnaire based on a Likert scale was used to survey pre‐clinical/second (BDS2)‐ and final/fifth (BDS5)‐year dental students at the School of Dentistry of the University of Birmingham (United Kingdom). In comparison, a small group of postgraduate specialist registrars were surveyed to evaluate the attitudes of practising dentists.Results:  The results show that all study groups expressed a high level of perceived relevance of OB to dentistry. Students’ perception of OB for dental education, clinical training and practice also scored high. More than 40% of undergraduate students and about 55% of the postgraduates indicated a perceived change in their attitude towards OB with time characterised by increased appreciation of the subject. Lectures were considered as the most important teaching approach, whereas ‘group poster projects’ ranked lowest. Of the different study resources, lecture handouts received the overall highest importance score.Conclusions:  The results indicate that dental students considered OB relevant for dental education and dentistry and suggest a positive attitude towards the subject. This study also suggested that dental students prefer teacher‐centred/led teaching rather than student‐directed learning of OB. The article addresses the role of OB and science‐related research projects within the dental curriculum and discusses that close integration of basic sciences with dental education may enrich dental education and overall learning experience.
Maintenance of ribosomal protein S19 in plasma by complex formation with prothrombin
Authors: Nishiura Hiroshi , Tanase Sumio , Tsujita Kenichi , Sugiyama Seigo , Ogawa Hisao , Nakagaki Tomohiro , Semba Umeko , Yamamoto Tetsuro 
Published: February 2011

AbstractWe have demonstrated that the cross‐linking of ribosomal protein S19 (RP S19) on platelets by activated factor XIII provides chemotactic potency to monocytes/macrophages for a resolution of coagulum. Factor XIII is activated by an active form of prothrombin, thrombin. We here report that RP S19 is present as a complex with prothrombin in the blood stream. Formation of this complex was blocked by a mutation of the glycosaminoglycan‐binding basic cluster (Lys23–Lys29) in RP S19. Prothrombin–RP S19 interaction was enhanced by an absence of Ca2+ and the plasma RP S19 concentration was significantly low in the patient treated with warfarin, indicating participation of the γ‐carboxyl glutamic acid domain of prothrombin making a salt bridge with the basic cluster. The complex formation likely explains why a protein as small as RP S19 can prevent from a filtering system of renal glomeruli at a steady state. The translocation of RP S19 from prothrombin to platelets during blood coagulation seems to be also advantageous for RP S19 from the perspective of oligomerisation by activated factor XIII, which should have been activated by thrombin.
TEMPERATURE DEPENDENT GROWTH CHARACTERISTICS AND A PREDICTIVE MATHEMATICAL MODEL OF BACILLUS CEREUS IN WET NOODLES
Authors: LEE JI‐YOUNG , KIM BO‐YEON , NA BYUNG‐JIN , HA SANG‐DO 
Published: February 2011

ABSTRACTWe examined the growth characteristics and developed a mathematical model to predict the growth kinetics of Bacillus cereus in fresh wet noodles. Noodles were incubated with B. cereus at 5, 10, 20 and 30C. The primary model that we developed to obtain the specific growth rate (SGR) and lag time (LT) fit well (r2 = 0.9621–0.9977) with the Gompertz equation. The SGR of B. cereus increased with increasing temperature. A secondary polynomial model was obtained by SAS regression analysis and calculated as: SGR = −0.0128 + 0.00229*T + 0.0003*T2. The appropriateness of this secondary polynomial model was verified by the mean square error (MSE = 0.0001 for SGR model), bias factor (Bf = 0.9012 for SGR model), accuracy factor (Af = 1.3333 for SGR model) and coefficient of determination (r2 = 0.9955 for SGR). This secondary polynomial model is therefore in good agreement with the validation calculations and may be used as a practical predictive model for the growth of B. cereus in wet noodles as a function of storage temperature.PRACTICAL APPLICATIONSWet noodles carry a potential risk of food poisoning by B. cereus. The predictive model developed here can increase confidence and improve the shelf life and safety of foods. Moreover, the results obtained using the predicted model developed here were in good agreement with the observed values. Therefore, the developed model may be used as a practical predictive model for the growth of B. cereus in wet noodles as a function of storage temperature.
Prescribing for older people in nursing homes: a review of the key issues
Authors: Parsons Carole , Lapane Kate , Kerse Ngaire , Hughes Carmel 
Published: February 2011

parsons c., lapane k., kerse n. & hughes c. (2011) Prescribing for older people in nursing homes: a review of the key issues. International Journal of Older People Nursing6, 45–54 doi: 10.1111/j.1748‐3743.2010.00264.xPrescribing of medication is one of the most common interventions that residents in nursing homes will experience. There is little doubt that medication has greatly contributed to improvements in symptom control, long‐term management of medical conditions and greater longevity. However, the quality of prescribing has also been criticised and this paper outlines the issues that have proved to be most problematic and have been repeatedly highlighted in the literature. There have been numerous reports of over‐use of inappropriate medicines for which there is no clinical indication or for which there is little evidence of effectiveness, and under‐use of medicines that would be indicated for residents with certain medical conditions. Residents may also suffer from adverse drug events and enforced or erratic compliance. Some of these problems may arise because of the difficulties encountered by staff or a breakdown in communication when residents move from one setting to another (e.g. hospital to nursing home or vice versa).
Clinical research in systemic lupus erythematosus: immediate relevance to clinical practice
Authors: PETRI Michelle 
Published: February 2011

AbstractSystemic lupus erythematosus remains a challenge because of its diverse presentations, variable natural history, and lack of uniform response to treatment. True remission is very rare. Reliance on corticosteroid treatment leads to unwanted long‐term toxicity. Great advances have been made in the early detection of lupus nephritis and in treatment. Greater appreciation of cognitive impairment and of lupus myelitis is now possible. Pregnancy risks are better characterized. However, the greatest unmet challenge remains atherosclerosis.
REVIEWS OF BOOKS
Authors: Jeffrey Arthur 
Published: February 2011

Book reviewed in this article:A NOTABLE SURVEY OF CHINA: The Christian Occupation of China. A General Survey of the Numerical Strength and Geographical Distribution of the Christian Forces in China made by the Special Committee on Survey and Occupation, China Continuation Committee, 1918–1921. Edited by Milton T. Stauffer, assisted by T. C. Wong and M. G. Tewksbury.A CHINESE DISCUSSES CHINA: China Awakened. By Min‐chien T. Z. Tyau, LL.D.RELIGIOUS BELIEFS IN KENYA COLONY: Bantu Beliefs and Magic. By C. W. Hobley, C.M.G. With an Introduction by Sir James G. Frazer.A JESUIT MISSIONARY ON THE CONGO: Etudes Bakongo: Histoire et Sociologie. Bibliothèque Congo. No. 3. By R. P. van Wing, S.J.MUSICAL ACCENT IN AFRICAN LANGUAGES: The Musical Accent, or Intonation in the Kongo Language. By K. E. Laman, D.D.GERMAN PROTESTANT MISSIONS IN CHINA AND JAPAN: Aus dem Missionsleben draussen für die Arbeit daheim. Von Missions‐direktor, D. Dr J. Witte.AN AMERICAN DIPLOMAT IN CHINA: An American Diplomat in China. By Paul S. Reinsch.A WINTER'S WORK IN INDIA: Report of the Church Missionary Society's Delegation to IndiaTHREE NEW BOOKS ON INDIA: India and Her Peoples. By F. Deaville Walker.THREE NEW BOOKS ON INDIA: Building with India. By Daniel Johnson Fleming.THREE NEW BOOKS ON INDIA: The Indian Child's Mother. By A. D.INDIAN MUSIC: The Music of India. By Herbert A. Popley.A MISSIONARY HYMN BOOK: A Missionary Hymn Book.
GOSPEL AND CULTURES IN A CIRCULAR RELATIONSHIP — SOME MISSIONARY EXPERIENCES
Authors: Bowers Joyce 
Published: February 2011

Controversy and discussion about the relationship of the good news of Jesus Christ to various cultures has been a part of Christian life and faith since the first century. Much of the New Testament was written in response to such questions. In recent decades, the study of anthropology in relation to cross‐cultural mission has focused a great deal of attention upon issues of gospel and culture.The Division for Global Mission (DGM) of the Evangelical Lutheran Church in America (ELCA) offers training to its overseas personnel in order to enhance cross‐cultural skills, and encourages dialogue with partner churches. In 1994, the theme of the annual summer missionary conference was “Gospel and Culture.” Missionaries were asked to write case studies or stories from their own experience and observation that illustrate ways in which the gospel challenges cultures, and how culture enriches and illuminates the gospel. At the conference, Dr Christopher Duraisingh, from the World Council of Churches (WCC) in Geneva, Switzerland, gave a series of lectures to approximately 150 missionaries, staff and guests, and issues of gospel and culture were discussed in small group sessions. Following the conference, missionary writings were compiled as “Gospel and Culture: Essays and Stories from Around the World” and passed on to Unit II of the WCC as a contribution to its multifaceted gospel and culture study. This article is based on the submissions of DGM missionaries, Dr Duraisingh's lectures at the conference, and literature published in connection with the WCC study.