bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Convergent evidence for temperature-dependent emergence of silicification in terrestrial plants
Authors: Liang Yongchao , Pang Zhihao , Tombeur Félix , Hartley Susan , Zohner Constantin , Nikolic Miroslav , Violle Cyrille , Mo Lidong , Crowther Thomas , Guan Dong-Xing , Luo Zhongkui , Zhu Yong-Guan , Wang Yuxiao , Zhang Ping , Peng Hongyun , Nikolic Nina 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

While research on terrestrial silicon (Si) biogeochemistry and its beneficial effects for plants has received significant attention in last decades, the reasons for the emergence of high-Si taxa remain unclear. Although the “arms race” hypothesis (i.e. increased silicification through co-evolution with mammalian grazers) has received some support, other studies have pointed to the role of environmental factors, such as high temperatures and low atmospheric CO2 levels, which could have favored the emergence of silicification. Here, we combine experimentation and analysis of existing databases to test the role of temperature on the expression and emergence of silicification in terrestrial plants. We first show through experimental manipulations of rice that Si is beneficial for growth under high temperature stress, but harmful under low temperature. We then found that, globally, the average temperature of the distribution of high-Si plants was 1.2°C higher than that of low-Si plants. Moreover, within China, a notable positive correlation emerged between the concentrations of phytoliths in wheat and rice and air temperature. From an evolutionary perspective, 65–77% of high-Si families (> 10 mg Si g− 1 DW) originated during warm geological periods, while 57–75% of low-Si families (< 1 mg Si g− 1 DW) originated during cold geological periods. On average, Earth's temperatures during the emergence of high-Si families were 3°C higher than those during the emergence of low-Si families. A correlation was also observed between the divergence of proteins related to Si transport (Lsi1, Lsi2, Lsi3, and Lsi6) and historical climatic variability. Together, cumulative evidence suggests that plant Si variation is closely related to global and long-term climate change, with potential repercussions for global Si and C biogeochemical cycles.
Cell competition drives bronchiolization and pulmonary fibrosis.
Authors: De Langhe Stijn (P) , Warren Rachel , Klinkhammer Kylie , Lyu Handeng , Yao Changfu , Stripp Barry 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive scarring disease arising from the maladaptive differentiation of lung stem cells into bronchial epithelial cells rather than into alveolar type 1 (AT1) cells, which are responsible for gas exchange. Here, we report that healthy lungs maintain their stem cells through tonic Hippo and β-catenin signaling, which promote Yap/Taz degradation and allow for low level expression of the Wnt target gene Myc. Inactivation of upstream activators of the Hippo pathway in lung stem cells inhibits this tonic β-catenin signaling and Myc expression and promotes their Taz mediated differentiation into AT1 cells. Vice versa, increased Myc in collaboration with Yap promotes the differentiation of lung stem cells along the basal and myoepithelial like lineages allowing them to invade and bronchiolize the lung parenchyma in a process reminiscent of submucosal gland development. Our findings indicate that stem cells exhibiting the highest Myc levels become supercompetitors that drive remodeling, whereas loser cells with lower Myc levels terminally differentiate into AT1 cells.
Study on a hybrid solar power prediction model based on a numerical weather prediction and random forests
Authors: GUAN Liang , Zou Lanjun 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Photovoltaic grid-connected applications pose challenges to the stable and safe operation of power systems. Solar power predicted by a hybrid model based on numerical weather prediction (NWP) and random forests (RF) in order to enable grid-connected planning to balance fluctuations. Using downward solar short-wave radiation flux, temperature, wind speed, and other meteorological parameters obtained from the numerical weather forecast model, PV power forecast models with different initial time and durations under various weather conditions by RF are established. The correlations between observed and predicted power in daily, monthly and seasonal change are analyzed and both two powers are compared under three different detailed weather types. The results show that compared with NWP-principle method, this hybrid NWP-RF method can simulate the change of solar power under different weather conditions in the middle-lower plain of the Yangtze River more accurately. This model has an acceptable amount of data computation and high prediction accuracy, so that it can apply to engineering.
Rational Electrolytes Design for Li-Metal Batteries Operated Under Extreme Conditions: A Combined DFT, COSMO-RS, and Machine Learning Study
Authors: Jiang Jyh-Chiang , Wu Liang-Ting , Zhan Yu-Ting , Li Zhong-Lun , Chen Po-Ting , Hwang Bing Joe 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Developing electrolytes for Li metal batteries capable of operating under extreme conditions is a significant challenge and is often hindered by the absence of systematic solvent screening studies. In this study, 190 binary mixtures comprising 20 solvents were assessed by calculating the density functional theory (DFT) and conductor-like screening model for realistic solvents (COSMO-RS) to identify electrolytes with a wide liquid temperature rangeand high LiTFSI solubility. Tetramethylene sulfone (TMS) has emerged as a promising candidate because of its high boiling point and low enthalpy of fusion, which increase the bubble point and reduce the eutectic temperature in mixtures. Utilizing a machine learning model with seven σ-descriptors, Li- and TFSI-ion binding energies were accurately predicted. These binding energies were primarily influenced by strong electrostatic and van der Waals interactions. This integrated approach highlights the effectiveness of the combined DFT, COSMO-RS, and machine learning techniques for guiding electrolyte design.
Climate change risks and adaptive capacity analysis in the Botswana livestock industry
Authors: Kgosikoma Olaotswe Ernest , Kgosikoma Keneilwe Ruth 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Livestock production systems on dryland ecosystems in the region are highly vulnerable to climate change and this study identifies the climate risks that threaten the livestock industry in Botswana and assesses climate resilient adaptation practices used by smallholder livestock farmers using Multiple Criteria Analysis. In addition, barriers to adoption of adaptation practices in the livestock sector are also assessed by regional experts in livestock and climate change. Precipitation is projected to decline between September and February, and this will be exacerbated by increased temperatures, which could lead to reduced forage plant productivity and reduced rangeland carrying capacity. To deal with these climate risks, farmers prefer the use of different livestock types which scored significantly towards livelihood improvement. Livestock supplementation and breeding locally adapted breeds also ranked high due to their high potential to contribute towards greenhouse gas mitigation and technical simplicity, respectively. The experts attributed poor adoption of ecosystem-based adaptation and change in agricultural practices to lack of knowledge. Financial constraints were also linked to failure to supplement livestock and water development. Adaptation to climate change could be limited by multiple barriers and there is an urgent need to address such barriers to facilitate adoption of climate resilient practices by smallholder farmers and thus improve resilience to climate change in the livestock sector.
Establishing the Automatic Identification of Clinical Trial Cohorts from Electronic Health Records by Matching Normalized Eligibility Criteria and Patient Clinical Characteristics
Authors: Lee K. , Mai Y. , Liu Z. , Raja K. , Higashi M. K. , Jun T. , Ma M. , Wang T. , Ai L. , Calay E. , Oh W. , Schadt E. , Wang X. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

The use of electronic health records (EHRs) holds the potential to enhance clinical trial activities. However, the identification of eligible patients within EHRs presents considerable challenges. We aimed to develop a pipeline for phenotyping eligibility criteria, enabling the identification of patients from EHRs with clinical characteristics that match those criteria. We utilized clinical trial eligibility criteria and patient EHRs from the Mount Sinai Database. The criteria and EHR data were normalized using national standard terminologies and in-house databases, facilitating computability and queryability. The pipeline employed rule-based pattern recognition and manual annotation. Our pipeline normalized 367 out of 640 unique eligibility criteria attributes, covering various medical conditions including non-small cell lung cancer, small cell lung cancer, prostate cancer, breast cancer, multiple myeloma, ulcerative colitis, Crohn’s disease, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, and sickle cell anemia. 174 were encoded with standard terminologies and 193 were normalized using the in-house reference tables. The agreement between automated and manual normalization was high (Cohen's Kappa = 0.82), and patient matching demonstrated a 0.94 F1 score. Our system has proven effective on EHRs from multiple institutions, showing broad applicability and promising improved clinical trial processes, leading to better patient selection, and enhanced clinical research outcomes.
Exploring Digital Games-Based Learning Design for Enhancing Resilience in Higher Education Students: Unveiling the Potential of RESSIL
Authors: White Wendee , Gault Paul , Shimi Jill , Herd Kristi , Manwaring Gaye 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

This study addresses the increasing recognition of resilience as a pivotal component of student success against the backdrop of mounting concerns regarding student mental health and wellbeing in higher education. Drawing from interdisciplinary literature, the study integrates insights from resilience theory and digital game-based learning to inform the design of an adventure-based digital game, ‘Resilience Education Supports Students in Life’ (RESSIL), aimed at developing the resilience capacities of undergraduate students. A purposeful pilot study approach supports an exploration of the User Experience (Ux) to gain insights into the effectiveness and value of RESSIL’s design and its potential for achieving its intended aim. Focus group discussions engage undergraduate students from diverse academic backgrounds and thematic analysis sheds light on the effectiveness of RESSIL's game design in fostering engagement, facilitating knowledge transfer, and nurturing resilience-related skills among players. The findings underscore the significance of integrating narrative-driven gameplay and multisensory engagement to cultivate meaningful Ux and improve learning outcomes. Furthermore, the study highlights the critical role of aligning learning content with game elements to ensure coherence and optimise the game's utility. Insights gained from this pilot study offer valuable guidance for enhancing the game and lay the foundation for a larger study investigating RESSIL’s efficacy as a resilience intervention. This research contributes to the ongoing discourse on DGBL in higher education, emphasising the importance of user-centered design principles and co-creation methodologies in developing effective educational games.
Exploring the Role of ENO1 in Regulating Cell Proliferation and Cell Cycle in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Insights from Proteomic Analysis
Authors: Ma Li-Na , Yang Xiao-qing , Luo Xia , Hai Long , Ma Zi-min , Ding Xiang-Chun 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background and Aims: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), a prevalent solid organ malignancy, is intricately linked to the glycolytic enzyme Alpha-enolase (ENO1). ENO1's overexpression is associated with malignant tumor progression and poor clinical outcomes, yet its role in HCC cell proliferation and differentiation warrants further investigation. This study focuses on identifying ENO1-interacting proteins in HCC, exploring their involvement in cell proliferation and the cell cycle. Materials and Methods: We employed RNA interference to downregulate ENO1 in HepG2 cells, evaluating effects on cell proliferation, cycle progression, and key signaling pathways using MTT assays, flow cytometry, and Western blotting. Identifying ENO1-interacting proteins involved combining RNAi and co-immunoprecipitation with isobaric tags (iTRAQ). We confirmed five proteins central to proliferation and cell cycle regulation through immunofluorescence microscopy and additional co-immunoprecipitation. Pathway analysis and follow-up experiments were conducted for further elucidation. Results: ENO1 silencing significantly inhibited HepG2 cell proliferation and extended G2/M and S phases. We identified 40 ENO1-interacting proteins with notable expression changes, including PCNA, HSP90, PCBP1, PSME1, and PEBP1. Significant downregulation was observed in PCNA, various cyclins, and phosphorylated ERK1/2, MAPK, and AKT, alongside an upregulation of P21. However, levels of CDK1, CDK2, ERK1/2, MAPK, and AKT remained unchanged. Conclusions: This study highlights the glycolytic pathway's crucial role in HCC development. The identified ENO1-interacting proteins like PCNA, HSP90, PCBP1, PSME1, and PEBP1 are key in tumor development, differentiation, invasion, and metastasis. The interaction between ENO1 and PCNA, influencing cell cycle regulators and phosphorylation processes, offers new insights into HCC molecular dynamics and potential therapeutic avenues.
Fine Mapping and Identification of a Fusarium Wilt Resistance Gene FwS1 in Pea
Authors: Deng Dong , Sun Suli , Wu Wenqi , Duan Canxing , Wu Xuehong , Zhu Zhendong 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Pea Fusarium wilt, incited by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. pisi (Fop), has always been a devastating disease that causes severe yield losses and economic damage in pea-growing regions worldwide. The utilization of pea cultivars carrying resistance gene is the most efficient approach for managing this disease. In order to finely map resistance gene, a F2 population was established through the cross between Shijiadacaiwan 1 (resistant) and Y4 (susceptible). The resistance genetic analysis indicated that the Fop resistance in Shijiadacaiwan 1 was governed by a single dominant gene, named as FwS1. Based on the bulked segregant analysis sequencing (BSA-seq) analyses, the gene FwS1 was initially detected on chromosome 6 (i.e., linking group Ⅱ, chr6LG2), and subsequent linkage mapping with 589 F2 individuals fine-mapped the gene FwS1 into a 91.4 kb region. The further functional annotation and haplotype analysis confirmed that the gene Psat6g003960, characterized by a NB-ARC (nucleotide-binding adaptor shared by APAF-1, R proteins, and CED-4) domain, was considered as the most promising candidate gene. The encoding amino acids were altered by a “T/C” single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the first exon of the Psat6g003960, resulting in the observed differences of Fop resistance in peas. Based on this SNP locus, the molecular marker A016180 was determined to be a diagnostic marker for FwS1 by validating its specificity in both pea accessions and genetic populations with different genetic backgrounds. The FwS1 with diagnostic KASP marker A016180 could facilitate marker-assisted selection in resistance pea breeding in pea. In addition, upon comparing the candidate gene Psat6g003960 of 74SN3B and SJ1, it was noted that their sequences are identical, suggesting that the FwS1 and Fwf may be the same resistance gene against Fusarium wilt.
Multi-institutional observational study evaluating the efficacy of anti-epidermal growth factor antibody re- challenge in RAS/BRAF wild-type metastatic colorectal cancer
Authors: Fukuda Koshiro , Osumi Hiroki , Yoshinami Yuri , Ooki Akira , Takashima Atsuo , Wakatsuki Takeru , Hirano Hidekazu , Nakayama Izuma , Ouchi Kota , Sawada Ryoichi , Fukuoka Shota , Ogura Mariko , Takahari Daisuke , Chin Keisho , Okita Natsuko , Kato Ken , Ishizuka Naoki , Boku Narikazu , Yamaguchi Kensei , Shinozaki Eiji 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Purpose: We aimed to investigate the incidence of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) RAS mutant (MT) before salvage-line treatment and explore the clinicopathological features and molecular biological factors associated with the efficacy of anti-epithelial growth factor receptor (EGFR) monoclonal antibody (mAb) re-challenge for tissue RAS/BRAF wild type (WT) metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC).
Methods: This multi-institutional retrospective observational study included 74 mCRC patients with tissue RAS/BRAF WT refractory to first-line chemotherapy containing anti-EGFR mAb, whose RAS status in ctDNA was assessed using the OncoBEAMTM RAS CRC Kit. We explored the clinicopathological features associated with RAS status in ctDNA and the factors related to the efficacy of re-challenge of anti-EGFR mAb in multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression.
Results: The incidence of RAS MT in ctDNA was 40.5% (30/74), which was associated with primary tumor resection (P=0.016), liver metastasis (P<0.001), and high tumor marker levels (P<0.001). Among the 39 patients treated with anti-EGFR mAb re-challenge, those with ctDNA RAS WT showed significantly longer progression-free survival (PFS) than those with ctDNA RAS MT (median 4.1 vs. 2.7 months, hazard ratio [HR]=0.39, P=0.045). Similarly, patients who responded to first-line anti-EGFR mAb showed significantly longer PFS than those with stable disease. In multivariate analysis, response to first-line anti-EGFR mAb was significantly associated with longer PFS (HR=0.21, P=0.0026) and overall survival (HR=0.23, P=0.026).
Conclusions: The incidence of ctDNA RAS MT mCRC was 40.5%, which was associated with liver metastases and high tumor volumes. Anti-EGFR mAb re-challenge may be effective for mCRC patients who responded to first-line chemotherapy containing anti-EGFR mAb. No patients with RAS MT in ctDNA responded to Anti-EGFR mAb re-challenge.
Effect and Safety of an Innovative Improved Totally implanted venous access port (TIVAP) Implantation (Noninvasive Chest Wall Implantation) via the Axillary Approach on Patients with Breast Cancer
Authors: Pan Chi , Zhang Kun , Wu Pan , Guo Xi , Zheng Ya Ping , Wang Li , Bao Han , Hu Kai Min , Tian Wei , Pan Tao , Chen Yi Ding 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Purpose
The totally implanted venous access port (TIVAP) is widely applied to chemotherapy. The traditional approach is to implant the port by directly cutting skin at the chest wall, but surgical scarring on the chest wall may bring permanent psychological trauma to patients and affect the port once the incision is infected. In this study, the effect and safety of an improved port implantation (noninvasive chest wall implantation) via the axillary approach on breast cancer patients were evaluated.
Methods
This study discusses the surgical steps of the improved port implantation. The incidences of complication, comfort, convenience, aesthetics, and privacy from the improved operation were analyzed and compared with the traditional operation.
Results
All patients successfully presented improved infusion port implantation through the axillary access (noninvasive chest wall implantation). Two cases had a hemorrhage during the operation. One case had a postoperative subcutaneous hemorrhage, and one case had a folded catheter. Nevertheless, the patients did not need a secondary operation for adjustment. The average operation time of the improved infusion port implantation was 51.85 min (range: 37–69 min). The improved operation was significantly better than the traditional operation in terms of aesthetics and privacy. In terms of comfort and convenience, the difference between the two operations was not significant.
Conclusions
This study described the specific steps and particular aspects of the improved operation. The effectiveness and safety of the improved operation were reported for the first time. The improved operation has been proven safe and reliable, and it entails only a few intraoperative and postoperative complications.
Expression of Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition Markers in Oral Cavity Squamous Cell Cancer: An Observational Study
Authors: Solanki Pratik , Malhotra Manu , Singh Ashok , Bose Bodhisattva , H Sunil , Singh Sunil Kumar , Mondal Avijit , SKS Mareshwari , Gupta Amit 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
Epithelial-Mesenchymal transition (EMT) has evolved as a possible pathway in pathophysiology of tumor formation and progression; however, contribution of this phenomenon in human cancers especially oral malignancy lack sufficient evidence. This study aimed to evaluate the expression of EMT markers E-cadherin and N-cadherin and their correlation with clinicopathological factors in Oral Cavity Squamous Cell Cancer (OSCC).
Methods
This observational study was conducted on hundred histologically proven cases of OSCC based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. The expression level of Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition markers (E-cadherin, N-cadherin) on these cases was performed and evaluated using Immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining. Expression of E-cadherin, N-cadherin was analysed and correlated with clinical and histopathological factors using appropriate statistical methods.
Results
Epithelial markers E-cadherin and N-cadherin were expressed in 18 (18%) and 58 (58%). Reduced expression of E-cadherin was observed in 82 (82%) patients. Significant association of N-Cadherin with clinical T-stage (p = 0.001) and clinical N-stage (p = 0.041) was observed. Pathological factors such as tumour size (p = 0.016), DOI (p = 0.001), pathological T-stage (p = 0.005) and stage (p = 0.017) showed statistically significant association with N-cadherin expression.
Conclusion
This study emphasizes the importance of EMT in the pathogenesis of OSCC. The use of biomarkers like E-Cadherin, N-cadherin might serve as valuable tool for developing targeted therapy in near future limiting invasion and metastasis in OSCC.
Peptidylarginine Deiminase 3 Modulates Response to Neratinib in HER2 Positive Breast Cancer
Authors: Pandiella Atanasio , Pérez Inés Romero , Rodriguez Elena Díaz , Montero Juan Carlos , Díaz Laura Sánchez 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
Neratinib is a tyrosine kinase inhibitor that is used for the therapy of patients with HER2 + breast tumors. However, despite its clinical benefit, resistance to the drug may arise. Here we have created cellular models of neratinib resistance to investigate the mechanisms underlying such resistance.
Methods
Chronic neratinib exposure of BT474 human HER2 + breast cancer cells resulted in the selection of several clones resistant to the antiproliferative action of the drug. The clones were characterized biochemically and biologically using a variety of techniques.
Results
These clones retained HER2 levels similar to parental cells. Knockdown experiments showed that the neratinib-resistant clones retained oncogenic dependence on HER2. Moreover, the tyrosine phosphorylation status of BT474 and the resistant clones was equally sensitive to neratinib. Transcriptomic and Western analyses showed that peptidylarginine deiminase 3 was overexpressed in the three neratinib-resistant clones studied but was undetectable in BT474 cells. Experiments performed in the neratinib-resistant clones showed that reduction of PADI3 or inhibition of its function restored sensitivity to the antiproliferative action of neratinib. Moreover, overexpression of FLAG-tagged PADI3 in BT474 cells provoked resistance to the antiproliferative action of neratinib.
Conclusions
Together, these results uncover a role of PADI3 in the regulation of sensitivity to neratinib in breast cancer cells overexpressing HER2 and open the possibility of using PADI3 inhibitors to fight resistance to neratinib.