bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Glycosaminoglycan mimicry by COAM reduces melanoma growth through chemokine induction and function
Authors: Piccard Helene , Berghmans Nele , Korpos Eva , Dillen Chris , Aelst Ilse Van , Li Sandra , Martens Erik , Liekens Sandra , Noppen Sam , Damme Jo Van , Sorokin Lydia , Opdenakker Ghislain 
Published: September 2011

AbstractChlorite‐oxidized oxyamylose (COAM), a glycosaminoglycan mimetic and potent antiviral agent, provided significant growth reduction of syngeneic murine B16‐F1 melanoma tumors. A single early dose (100 μg, into the site of tumor cell inoculation) was sufficient to establish a persistent effect over 17 days (resected tumor volume of 78.3 mm3 in COAM‐treated mice compared to 755.2 mm3 in the control cohort, i.e., 89.6% reduction of tumor volumes). COAM was a much better antitumoral agent than the polyanionic glycosaminoglycan heparin. COAM retained its antitumoral effect in lymphopenic mice, reinforcing the idea of myeloid cell involvement. Massive recruitment of myeloid cells into dermal air pouches in response to COAM and their increased presence in early‐treated tumors indicated that mainly CD11b+ GR‐1+ myeloid cells were attracted by COAM to exert antitumoral effects. Leukocyte chemotaxis was mediated by the chemokine system through the induction in B16‐F1 cells of mouse granulocyte chemotactic protein‐2/CXCL6 upon COAM treatment. Thus, COAM constitutes a novel tool to study the role of innate immune cells in the initial stages of tumor development and an example that innate immunostimulating glycosaminoglycan mimicry may be exploited therapeutically.
Repeatable procedure for evaluating taper damage on femoral stems with modular necks
Authors: Harman Melinda K. , Baleani Massimiliano , Juda Kacper , Viceconti Marco 
Published: September 2011

AbstractUnderstanding the performance of dual‐taper modular femoral stems necessitates detailed quantitative assessment. This study reports a repeatable procedure to identify and measure damage on modular taper surfaces and determines whether damage area is a useful parameter for discerning modular femoral stem performance duringin vitrocorrosion and endurance tests. Twenty‐four dual‐taper modular necks representing a range of functional conditions were evaluated, including 15 necks previously subjected toin vitrotesting and 9 necks explanted during revision hip arthroplasty. Objective identification of six surface features, including four unique damage modes, was accomplished using defined criteria combined with a standardized photogrammetric method for accurate and repeatable measurement of damage area and location. Damage area was a useful parameter for discerning the performance of modular femoral stems subjected to differentin vitrotests. The sum of burnished smooth and textured damage areas was linearly correlated with the magnitude of material removed (weight loss) duringin vitrotesting, predicting ∼ 1.0 mg additional weight loss for every 10% increase in those combined damage areas. Modular necks tested with higher load magnitudes and those coupled with larger, stiffer femoral stems were readily distinguished and showed significantly larger areas of burnished smooth and textured damage. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2011.
Water‐soluble argatroban for antithrombogenic surface coating of tissue‐engineered cardiovascular tissues
Authors: Nakayama Yasuhide , Yamaoka Saori , Yamanami Masashi , Fujiwara Megumi , Uechi Masami , Takamizawa Keiichi , Ishibashi‐Ueda Hatsue , Nakamichi Marie , Uchida Kingo , Watanabe Taiji , Kanda Keiichi , Yaku Hitoshi 
Published: September 2011

AbstractArgatroban is a powerful synthetic anticoagulant, but due to its water‐insoluble nature, it is unsuitable for use as a coating material to reduce the thrombogenic potential of natural or tissue‐engineered blood‐contacting cardiovascular tissues. On the other hand, anionic compounds could adsorb firmly onto connective tissues. Therefore, in this study, an anionic form of argatroban was prepared by neutralization from its alkaline solution, dialysis, and freeze‐drying. The subsequently obtained argatroban derivative could be easily dissolved in water. Analysis of the surface chemical composition showed that the water‐soluble argatroban (WSA) could be adsorbed on the entire surface of tissue‐engineered connective tissue sheets composed mainly of collagen. Adsorption was achieved on immersion of the tissue‐engineered connective tissue sheet in a saline/WSA solution for only 30 s without any change in the mechanical properties of the tissue‐engineered sheets. Complete surface adsorption (ca., 1 mg/cm2) was obtained at WSA concentrations of over 5 mg/mL. WSA adsorption was maintained for at least 7 days with rinsing. Blood coagulation was significantly prevented on the WSA‐adsorbed surfaces in acute in vitro experiments. The coating was applied to in vivo tissue‐engineered vascular grafts (biotubes) or tri‐leaflet tissues (biovalves) under development, ensuring a high likelihood of nonthrombogenicity of their blood‐contacting surfaces with high patency, at least in the subchronic phase. It appears that WSA satisfies the initial requirements for a biocompatible aqueous coating material for use in natural or tissue‐engineered tissues. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater 99B: 420–430, 2011.
Manipulation of cellular redox parameters for improving therapeutic responses in B‐cell lymphoma and multiple myeloma
Authors: Goel Apollina , Spitz Douglas R. , Weiner George J. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractDeveloping novel combined‐modality therapeutic approaches based on understanding of the involvement of redox biology in apoptosis of malignant cells is a promising approach for improving clinical responses in B‐cell lymphoma and multiple myeloma. Therapeutic modalities that generate reactive oxygen species (i.e., radiation, photodynamic therapy, and specific chemotherapeutic drugs) have been shown to be selectively cytotoxic to malignant B‐cells. In this review, we will discuss agents that induce apoptosis in B‐cell tumors by oxidative stress. Subsequently, a novel biochemical rationale (based on fundamental differences in cancer vs. normal cell oxidative metabolism) for combining oxidative stressors with radiotherapy and chemotherapy, that may lead to designing of more effective treatment strategies for B‐cell malignancies, will be discussed. Besides providing potential curative benefit, such novel therapies could also selectively target and inhibit the emergence of drug‐resistance in tumor cells, which is a major determinant of treatment failure in many B‐cell malignancies. J. Cell. Biochem. 113: 419–425, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Effect of seabuckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides ssp. sinensis) leaf extract on the swimming endurance and exhaustive exercise‐induced oxidative stress of rats
Authors: Zheng Xianyun , Long Wenmin , Liu Gening , Zhang Xiaomin , Yang Xiaolan 
Published: September 2011

AbstractBACKGROUND: Seabuckthorn (SBT) leaves have significant antioxidant, immunomodulatory and anti‐inflammatory properties. The objective of this study was to assess the anti‐fatigue, antioxidant and tissue‐protective properties of aqueous lyophilised extracts of SBT dried leaves in the hearts of Wistar male rats undergoing exhaustive physical exercise. Doses of 50, 200 and 800 mg kg−1 body weight (BW) day−1 were given orally for 1 week. A week later the rats were forced to swim in barrels until they were exhausted. The times were noted to establish the effective dose of the extracts in rats. After establishing the effective dose, the rats were then sacrificed and assessed for various biochemical parameters.RESULTS: SBT leaf aqueous extracts (200 and 800 mg kg−1 BW) markedly prolonged the swim time of rats. Supplementation with SBT leaf aqueous extracts helped reduce the exhaustive exercise‐induced increase in malondialdehyde level and selenium‐dependent glutathione peroxidase activity. Alanine aminotransferase and creatine kinase levels were lowered in the exhaustive exercise with SBT treatment group (E + SBT) compared with the exhaustive exercise group (E).CONCLUSION: The findings suggest that SBT leaf aqueous extract supplements can enhance exercise capacity and protect against oxidative damage caused by exhaustive exercise in rats. Copyright © 2011 Society of Chemical Industry
Enhancement of soluble dietary fibre, polyphenols and antioxidant properties of chapatis prepared from whole wheat flour dough treated with amylases and xylanase
Authors: Hemalatha Mysore S , Bhagwat Suresh G , Salimath Paramahans V , Rao Ummiti JS Prasada 
Published: September 2011

AbstractBACKGROUND: Chapati preparation involves various processing steps such as mixing the flour into dough, sheeting and baking. During these processing steps, flour components are likely to undergo changes in their nutrient and polyphenol composition and their antioxidant properties due to phenol‐mediated crosslinking of proteins and carbohydrates. Therefore, in the present study, changes in nutritional, nutraceutical and antioxidant properties of chapatis prepared from doughs treated with amylases and xylanase were determined.RESULTS: An increase in insoluble dietary fibre content and a decrease in soluble polyphenol content were observed during preparation of control chapatis from whole wheat flours. However, significant increases in soluble dietary fibre and soluble polyphenol contents were observed in chapatis prepared from amylase‐treated doughs compared with control chapatis. Extracts of chapatis prepared from amylase‐ and xylanase‐treated doughs showed better antioxidant properties than extracts of control chapatis. Among these enzyme treatments, chapatis prepared from amylase‐treated doughs showed better antioxidant properties than chapatis prepared from xylanase‐treated doughs. High‐performance liquid chromatography analysis of extracts of chapatis prepared from doughs treated with amylases showed the presence of potential antioxidant phenolic acids such as caffeic, gentisic and syringic acids in addition to the phenolic acids present in control chapatis.CONCLUSION: Treatment of doughs with amylases increased the contents of soluble dietary fibre and soluble polyphenols as well as improving the antioxidant properties of chapatis. Copyright © 2011 Society of Chemical Industry
Effects of roads on survival of San Clemente Island foxes
Authors: Snow Nathan P. , Andelt William F. , Stanley Thomas R. , Resnik Jessica R. , Munson Linda 
Published: September 2011

AbstractRoads generate a variety of influences on wildlife populations; however, little is known about the effects of roads on endemic wildlife on islands. Specifically, road‐kills of island foxes (Urocyon littoralis) on San Clemente Island (SCI), Channel Islands, California, USA are a concern for resource managers. To determine the effects of roads on island foxes, we radiocollared foxes using a 3‐tiered sampling design to represent the entire population in the study area, a sub‐population near roads, and a sub‐population away from roads on SCI. We examined annual survival rates using nest‐survival models, causes of mortalities, and movements for each sample. We found the population had high annual survival (0.90), although survival declined with use of road habitat, particularly for intermediate‐aged foxes. Foxes living near roads suffered lower annual survival (0.76), resulting from high frequencies of road‐kills (7 of 11 mortalities). Foxes living away from roads had the highest annual survival (0.97). Road‐kill was the most prominent cause of mortality detected on SCI, which we estimated as killing 3–8% of the population in the study area annually. Based on movements, we were unable to detect any responses by foxes that minimized their risks from roads. The probabilities of road‐kills increased with use of the road habitat, volume of traffic, and decreasing road sinuosity. We recommend that managers should attempt to reduce road‐kills by deterring or excluding foxes from entering roads, and attempting to modify behaviors of motorists to be vigilant for foxes. © 2011 The Wildlife Society.
Perspectives on specialization in school psychology training and practice
Authors: Reynolds Cecil R. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractSchool psychology is a professional practice specialty in the broader field of the profession of psychology. As such, the discipline of school psychology must meet certain standards and criteria to retain its identity and official designation as a professional specialty. Likewise, practitioners of school psychology are professionals themselves and must meet standards and criteria of preparation and continuing education to maintain their professional status. The growth of knowledge and the demands being made on school psychologists to acquire a broad range of knowledge and skills in sufficient depth to allow competent practice is outstripping the reasonableness of training in the field, which assumes that school psychologists should be competent to practice in all areas of practice demand. Specialization within the field of school psychology, a de facto but officially unrecognized occurrence in many areas for at least several decades, offers a solution to this dilemma of training and practice and should be formally recognized and promoted by the profession. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Radical addition fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization of ferrocenyl (Meth)acrylates
Authors: Herfurth Christoph , Voll Dominik , Buller Jens , Weiss Jan , Barner‐Kowollik Christopher , Laschewsky André 
Published: September 2011

AbstractWe report on the controlled free radical homopolymerization of 1‐ferrocenylethyl acrylate as well as of three new ferrocene bearing monomers, namely 4‐ferrocenylbutyl acrylate, 2‐ferrocenylamido‐2‐methylpropyl acrylate, and 4‐ferrocenylbutyl methacrylate, by the RAFT technique. For comparison, the latter monomer was polymerized using ATRP, too. The ferrocene containing monomers were found to be less reactive than their analogues free of ferrocene. The reasons for the low polymerizability are not entirely clear. As the addition of free ferrocene to the reaction mixture did not notably affect the polymerizations, sterical hindrance by the bulky ferrocene moiety fixed on the monomers seems to be the most probable explanation. Molar masses found for 1‐ferrocenylethyl acrylate did not exceed 10,000 g mol−1, while for 4‐ferrocenylbutyl (meth)acrylate molar masses of 15,000 g mol−1 could be obtained. With PDIs as low as 1.3 in RAFT polymerization of the monomers, good control over the polymerization was achieved. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem, 2012
Multichannel detection using transmissive diffraction grating sensor
Authors: Mao Depeng , Liu Peng , Dong Liang 
Published: September 2011

AbstractWe report a novel transmissive diffraction grating pH sensor made of pH‐sensitive hydrogel. The sensor provides inherently multichannels for a flexible selection of different detection ranges, without involving any additional tuning mechanisms or using multiple sensing elements. Each transmitted diffraction order from the hydrogel grating forms an individual detection channel dedicated to a specific pH range. This unique feature is achieved, simply by enabling hydrogel ridges of the grating to swell effectively in lateral directions, while inhibiting the ridges from swelling in vertical direction and keeping grating period unchanged. Thus by looking at different diffraction orders and measuring their intensity ratio, it is possible to achieve tunable dynamic detection range. Besides, this approach can lead to a high‐sensitivity sensor for detecting subtle pH variations in a narrow pH range near the volume‐phase transition point of hydrogel, with the resolution at the level of 10−3 pH units. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys, 2011
Y chromosome losses are exceedingly rare in prostate cancer and unrelated to patient age
Authors: Stahl Phillip R. , Kilgué Adisa , Tennstedt Pierre , Minner Sarah , Krohn Antje , Simon Ronald , Krause Geeske V. , Izbicki Jakob , Graefen Markus , Sauter Guido , Schlomm Thorsten , Wilczak Waldemar 
Published: September 2011

AbstractBACKGROUNDLoss of the Y chromosome is a frequently reported chromosomal abnormality in many tumor types. This study was undertaken to investigate the frequency of Y chromosome losses and this chromosomal abnormality might play a potential role in prostate cancer.METHODSA preexisting prostate cancer tissue microarray (TMA) containing samples of 3,261 patients treated by radical prostatectomy with clinical follow‐up data was used in this study. TMA sections were analyzed by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) using a dual labeling probe for the centromeres of the X and Y chromosome.RESULTSUnequivocal losses of the Y chromosome were seen in only 12 of 2,053 analyzable cases. No significant associations were found between Y loss and patient age, pT stage, and the risk of PSA recurrence. Interestingly, in our study the presence of Y losses was significantly associated with high Gleason grade (P = 0.0034).CONCLUSIONSLoss of the Y chromosome is a rare event in prostate cancer. Y losses occur in much higher rates in most other cancer types. For this reason, we suggest that the expression of at least one Y chromosome gene is essential for prostate epithelial cells and it is possible that such a gene could represent a suitable target for future therapy of prostate cancer. Prostate 72:898–903, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Comparison of device models for organic solar cells: Band‐to‐band vs. tail states recombination
Authors: Soldera Marcos , Taretto Kurt , Kirchartz Thomas 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThe efficiency‐limiting recombination mechanism in bulk‐heterojunction (BHJ) solar cells is a current topic of investigation and debate in organic photovoltaics. In this work, we simulate state‐of‐the‐art BHJ solar cells using two different models. The first model takes into account band‐to‐band recombination and field dependent carrier generation. The second model assumes a Shockley–Read–Hall (SRH) recombination mechanism via tail states and field independent carrier generation. Additionally, we include in both cases optical modelling and, thus, position‐dependent exciton generation and non‐ideal exciton collection. We explore both recombination mechanisms by fitting light and dark current–voltage (JV) characteristics of BHJ cells of five materials: P3HT, MDMO‐PPV, MEH‐PPV, PCDTBT and PF10TBT, all blended with fullerene derivatives. We show that although main device parameters such as short circuit current, open circuit voltage, fill factor and ideality factor are accurately reproduced by both Langevin and tail recombination, only tail recombination reproduces also the ideality factor of dark characteristics accurately. Nevertheless, the model with SRH recombination via tail states needs the inclusion of external circuitry to account for the heavy shunt present in all the blends, except P3HT:PCBM, when illuminated. Finally, we propose a means to find analytical expressions for the short circuit current by assuming a linear relation between the recombination rate and the concentration of free minority carriers. The model reproduces experimental data of P3HT cells at various thickness values using realistic parameters for this material.magnified image
Dark JV measurement (circles) of a PCDTBT:PC70BM solar cell (Park et al., Nature Photon. 3, 297 (2009) [1]), the fit with the model including recombination via tail states (solid line) and the fit with the model reported by (Koster et al., Phys. Rev. B 72, 085205 (2005) [2]) that includes bimolecular band‐to‐band recombination and charge transfer state (CTS) dissociation. The inset shows the JV curves under white light.
Estimation of optimal gravity wave parameters for climate models using data assimilation
Authors: Pulido M. , Polavarapu S. , Shepherd T. G. , Thuburn J. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThere is a current need to constrain the parameters of gravity wave drag (GWD) schemes in climate models using observational information instead of tuning them subjectively. In this work, an inverse technique is developed using data assimilation principles to estimate gravity wave parameters. Because most GWD schemes assume instantaneous vertical propagation of gravity waves within a column, observations in a single column can be used to formulate a one‐dimensional assimilation problem to estimate the unknown parameters. We define a cost function that measures the differences between the unresolved drag inferred from observations (referred to here as the ‘observed’ GWD) and the GWD calculated with a parametrisation scheme. The geometry of the cost function presents some difficulties, including multiple minima and ill‐conditioning because of the non‐independence of the gravity wave parameters. To overcome these difficulties we propose a genetic algorithm to minimize the cost function, which provides a robust parameter estimation over a broad range of prescribed ‘true’ parameters. When real experiments using an independent estimate of the ‘observed’ GWD are performed, physically unrealistic values of the parameters can result due to the non‐independence of the parameters. However, by constraining one of the parameters to lie within a physically realistic range, this degeneracy is broken and the other parameters are also found to lie within physically realistic ranges. This argues for the essential physical self‐consistency of the gravity wave scheme. A much better fit to the observed GWD at high latitudes is obtained when the parameters are allowed to vary with latitude. However, a close fit can be obtained either in the upper or the lower part of the profiles, but not in both at the same time. This result is a consequence of assuming an isotropic launch spectrum. The changes of sign in the GWD found in the tropical lower stratosphere, which are associated with part of the quasi‐biennial oscillation forcing, cannot be captured by the parametrisation with optimal parameters. Copyright © 2011 Royal Meteorological Society and Crown in the right of Canada.
Novel physically adapted STO##‐3G basis sets. Efficiency for prediction of second‐order electric and magnetic properties of aromatic hydrocarbons
Authors: Voronkov E. , Rossikhin V. , Okovytyy S. , Shatckih A. , Bolshakov V. , Leszczynski J. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractEfficient scheme for construction of physically justified STO##‐3Gel and STO##‐3Gmag basis sets has been proposed. It is based upon the analysis of analytical form of the first‐order correction functions to unperturbed STO basis sets under the perturbation by electric or magnetic fields. The test calculations of polarizability, magnetic susceptibility and chemical shifts performed for a series of aromatic compounds within the developed basis set in the framework of Hartree‐Fock and Density Functional Theory (DFT) approaches show good agreement of the predicted properties with experiments. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2011