bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Confidence biases in problem gambling
Authors: Friedemann Maja , Fox Celine A. , Hanlon Anna K. , Tighe Daniel , Yeung Nick , Gillan Claire M. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackground and aimsSubjective confidence plays an important role in guiding behaviour, especially when objective feedback is unavailable. Systematic misjudgements in confidence can foster maladaptive behaviours and have been linked to various psychiatric disorders. In this study, we adopted a transdiagnostic approach to examine confidence biases in problem gamblers across three levels: local decision confidence, global task performance confidence, and overall self-esteem. The importance of taking a transdiagnostic perspective is increasingly recognised, as it captures the dimensional nature of psychiatric symptoms that often cut across diagnostic boundaries. Accordingly, we investigated if any observed confidence biases could be explained by transdiagnostic symptom dimensions of Anxiety-Depression and Compulsive Behaviour and Intrusive Thought. This approach allows us to gain a more comprehensive understanding of the role of metacognitive processes in problem gambling, beyond the constraints of traditional diagnostic categories.MethodsThirty-eight problem gamblers and 38 demographically matched control participants engaged in a gamified metacognition task and completed self-report questionnaires assessing transdiagnostic symptom dimensions.ResultsCompared to controls, problem gamblers displayed significantly elevated confidence at the local decision and global task levels, independent of their actual task performance. This elevated confidence was observed even after controlling for the heightened symptom levels of Anxiety-Depression and Compulsive Behaviour and Intrusive Thought among the problem gamblers.DiscussionThe results reveal a notable disparity in confidence levels between problem gamblers and control participants, not fully accounted for by the symptom dimensions Anxiety-Depression and Compulsive Behaviour and Intrusive Thought. This suggests the contribution of other factors, perhaps linked to gambling-specific cognitive distortions, to the observed confidence biases.ConclusionThe findings highlight the intricate link between metacognitive confidence and psychiatric symptoms in the context of problem gambling. It underscores the need for further research into metacognitive biases, which could enhance therapeutic approaches for individuals with psychiatric conditions.
A comparison of the inhibitory activity of 3-alkyland 3-hydroxyalkyl-5-amino-1H-1,2,4-triazoles against copper corrosion in chloride-containing environments
Authors: Lyapun Denis V. , Kruzhilin Alexey A. , Shevtsov Dmitry S. , Potapov Andrey Yu. , Shikhaliev Khidmet S. 
Published: June 2024

Copper is widely used as a material for technical solutions in microelectronics, as well as for the manufacture of various heat exchange equipment used in aggressive environments. Corrosion inhibitors are used for the reduction of the corrosive activity of the environment. This article presents the results of a study of the anticorrosion activity of a number of derivatives of the class 3-alkyl- and 3-hydroxyalkyl-5-amino-1H-1,2,4-triazole with respect to copper corrosion in chloride-containing environment. Over the course of the study, 3-alkyl- and 3-hydroxyalkyl-5-amino-1H-1,2,4-triazoles with different lengths of the alkyl substituent were synthesized. The structure of these compounds was confirmed using NMR spectroscopy and HPLC/MS analysis. Based on the results of electrochemical and direct corrosion tests, regularities were established for the inhibitory activity of the obtained compounds in acidic (1% HCl solution) and neutral (borate buffer solution, pH = 7.4) chloride-containing media. In in a neutral media, the greatest protective effect was obtained for 3-propyl-5-amino-1H-1,2,4-triazole I, which has the shortest alkyl radical without modification by an OH group. As the concentration increased in the range from 0.01 to 10.0 mmol/L, the inhibitory activity increased. With an increase in the length of the alkyl radical and/or the introduction of an OH group, a decrease or absence of a protective effect was observed. At the same time, in an acidic medium, the introduction of a hydroxyl group into the alkyl substituent of 5-amino-1H-1,2,4-triazole increased anti-corrosion efficiency only with sufficient length of the carbon chain. The highest protection degree was obtained for 17-(5-amino-1H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl)heptadecan-7-ol IV at a concentration of 10.0 mmol/l and it reached a value of 97%.
Composition and thermoelectric properties of structures based on iron silicide grown by pulse laser deposition
Authors: Nikolichev Dmitri E. , Kriukov Ruslan N. , Nezhdanov Alexey V. , Zdoroveyshchev Anton V. , Kuznetsov Yuri M. , Zdoroveyshchev Daniil A. , Lesnikov Valery P. , Dorokhin Michael V. , Demina Polina B. , Skrylev Alexey A. 
Published: June 2024

Silicon compounds have a wide range of electrical properties. In particular, the possibility of creating thermoelectric converters based on them looks extremely attractive. The use of most silicides as thermoelectrics today is limited by their low efficiency. The development of approaches consisting in the creation of low-dimensional structures using non-equilibrium formation methods is one of the priority directions for improving the properties of thermoelectric generators. Determination of the effect of technological regimes on the structure, phase-chemical composition and thermoelectric properties of metal-silicide structures is a key task, the solution of which will allow creating highly efficient thermoelectric generators based on them. Thin-film structures with a layer thickness of ~50 nm formed at different growth temperatures by pulsed laser deposition on two types of substrates: sapphire and gallium arsenide coated with an Al2O3 nanolayer were studied in this work. On the formed samples, a chemical analysis and a study of the phase composition were performed. Chemical analysis was carried out by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy with the chemical composition depth profiling. The phase composition was studied by Raman spectroscopy. In addition, analysis of the elements in the films was carried out by X-ray spectral microanalysis based on a scanning electron microscope. To determine the thermoelectric properties of the formed thin-film structures, the temperature dependences of the Seebeck coefficient and the electrical conductivity coefficient were recorded. The dependence of the thermoelectric characteristics of iron silicide films on the phase composition is analyzed. In particular, measurements of the thermoelectric properties of FeSix thin-film structures registered the manifestation of a strong thermoelectric effect in layers with the maximum number of chemical bonds between iron and silicon. The parameters of the growth process at which the most effective formation of iron-silicon chemical bonds is achieved were determined using the method of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Line shifts from the beta phase of iron disilicide were found in the Raman spectra and the reasons for their appearance were proposed
Heat capacities and thermal expansion coefficients of iron triad metals
Authors: Terekhov Sergey V. 
Published: June 2024

One of the complex problems relating to the thermodynamics of a substance is creating an adequate description of its thermal properties. For example, the Einstein and Debye models (as well as in various modifications of these models) the heat capacity is calculated only when mechanical vibrations of the lattice are taken into account. This leads to the impossibility of describing the increase in heat capacity with increasing temperature for most substances, including iron triad metals. In addition, there is not a single theoretical construction capable of calculating the temperature dependences of the heat capacity and thermal expansion coefficient during polymorphic transformations and structural, magnetic and other phase transitions in the system. They appear on the charts in the form of final jumps, peaks and holes. As a result, there is a need to develop a new approach to the calculation of thermal characteristics. It should take into account the occurrence of local equilibrium in small areas in initially non-equilibrium metal samples for research. The nonequilibrium of a sample can be caused by the presence of impurity atoms, defects, volatile components in it, residual stresses, the occurrence of irreversible processes, etc. For the analytical description of arrays of measured values, experimenters use different exponential expressions in different temperature intervals, sometimes with negative powers. Such theoretical and experimental approaches cannot be considered satisfactory. Therefore, for the creation of the new model, it is necessary to choose such values that would be sensitive to changes in the state of the system. Within the framework of the proposed model of a two-phase locally equilibrium region, such quantities are the absolute temperature of the system, the order parameter in the form of the difference in volume fractions of coexisting ideal phases, the phase composition of the ordering phase, and its derivative with respect to temperature. The developed model allows to calculate the temperature dependences of the heat capacities and coefficients of thermal linear expansion of the iron triad metals (Fe, Co, Ni) with a change in the aggregation state (crystal - liquid), the presence of structural, magnetic and other phase transitions. It has been shown that the used expressions adequately describe the experimental data in a wide temperature range, and also allow to extend the plotted curves to experimentally unexplored regions. A possible structural transition in cobalt at a temperature of about 1600 K, the existence of which requires additional experiments, was established. The obtained expressions are distinguished by their simplicity and universality of applicability; they can be used to create an automatic calculation of the thermophysical properties of not only iron triad metals, but also other solid substances
Inhibitors of chloride corrosion of reinforcement steel in concrete based on derivatives of salts of carboxylic acids and dimethylaminopropylamine
Authors: Kozaderov Oleg A. , Shevtsov Dmitry S. , Potapov Mikhail A. , Zartsyn Iliya D. , Grushevskaya Svetlana N. , Kruzhilin Alexey A. , Ilina Evgeniia A. , Tkachenko Kirill A. , Shikhaliev Khidmet S. 
Published: June 2024

In our study, we synthesised derivatives of salts of carboxylic acids and dimethylaminopropylamine: 3-(dimethylamino)propyl-1-ammonium acetate, 3-(dimethylamino)propyl-1-ammonium hexanoate, 3-(dimethylamino)propyl-1-ammonium octanoate, and 3-(dimethylamino)propyl-1-ammonium terephthalate. The structures of the molecules of the obtained substances were confirmed using physical methods: Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, NMR spectroscopy, and HPLC. Electrochemical methods (voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy) and quantum chemical modeling were used to assess the inhibitory effect of the synthesised substances with regard to 35GS reinforcement steel. Experiments were conducted in a water extract from a mortar simulating concrete pore solution in the presence of chlorides inducing pitting corrosion. 3-(dimethylamino)propyl-1-ammonium terephthalate is expected to have the highest degree of protection (up to 71%) at a concentration of 2.0 g·dm–3. The highest degree of protection for the derivatives with alkyl radicals is 41–46% in a range of concentrations from 0.5 to 2.0 g·dm-3. The results of potentiodynamic measurements and quantum chemical modeling were close. Average level of degree of protection can be explained by a high concentration of chlorides in the model solution (1.00 mol·dm–3). The effectiveness of the obtained substances is to be further studied using fine-grained concrete. This will help to assess the impact of the additives on the capillary pore structure (permeability) of concrete and the concentration of chlorides
The Limitation and Outlet of «Notice-and-Takedown» Rule Applied in New Network Service
Authors: Wang Ya-Peng 
Published: June 2024

With the rapid development of Internet technology and business model innovation, new network services such as the small program platform and cloud server in our country develop rapidly. However, there are many problems in the judicial practice of the platform that violates the «Notice-and-Takedown» obligation in the new network service. The correct understanding and flexible application of the «Notice-and-Takedown» rule is the necessary meaning of the new online service platform trading services in accordance with the Tort Liability Law of the People’s. In order to balance the interests between Internet service providers and right holders, the legal positioning of «Notice-and-Takedown» rule should be clearly defined in the application of law, so as to correctly apply it as an exemption clause.At the same time, when Internet infringement cases occur, the «necessary measures» that Internet service providers should take should be properly determined according to the specific circumstances. Specifically, the application of the «Notice-and-Takedown» rule to the new network service can be solved by clarifying the disclaimer attribute of the «Notice-and-Takedown» rule, taking the «transfer notice» as an implementable necessary measure and requiring the new network service provider to disclose the information of specific developers when necessary.
Diseases caused by human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1)
Authors: Radygina Lubov V. , Mochalova Larisa V. 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) belongs to the Retroviridae family (genus Deltaretrovirus) and is directly involved in carcinogenesis. The HTLV-1 genome is represented by plus-strand RNA, which is transcribed into proviral DNA and then integrated into the genome of the host cell. After integration, HTLV-1 is present in the cells in the form of a provirus. As in the case of the human immunodeficiency virus, the main targets of HTLV-1 are CD4+ T lymphocytes. The virus is transmitted sexually, through blood transfusion, and breastfeeding by biological fluids – sperm, blood, and breast milk. The epidemiology of HTLV-1 remains a mystery: clusters of high endemicity are often located near areas where the virus is virtually absent.

AIM: To analyze and discuss the clinical picture, diagnostics, and treatment of diseases caused by HTLV-1.

METHODS: A literature search was conducted in the databases PubMed, eLIBRARY.ru, and cyberleninka.ru using the keywords: “HTLV-1” + “diseases”, “HTLV-1” + “diagnosis”, “HTLV-1” + “epidemiology”, “HTLV-1” + “treatment”, “HTLV-1” + “Russia” in English and Russian languages. The primary search was conducted for papers published in 2020–2024.

RESULTS: HTLV-1 infection is associated with diseases such as T-cell leukemia/lymphoma and myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis. HTLV-1 infection causes pathologies in most organs of the human body. Because diseases associated with HTLV-1 are most often asymptomatic, etiological diagnoses are performed at the stage of pathological development or when screening donor blood for pathogens.

CONCLUSION: In this review, we analyzed and discussed the clinical manifestations and course of diseases caused by HTLV-1, their diagnosis, and treatment. The lack of reliable population-based studies on the prevalence of this virus is alarming. In fact, HTLV-1 is diagnosed only in blood donors and pregnant women. Currently, this virus is considered endemic to several territories (Africa, Australia, the Middle East, Japan, etc.) and some indigenous peoples. However, we consider it important to draw the attention of both epidemiologists and clinicians to HTLV-1, given the unprecedented migration flows and international connections in the modern world.
Peran Guru dalam Membangun Toleransi dan Menangkal Intolerasi di Kalangan Siswa [The Role of Teachers in Building Tolerance and Countering Intolerance among Students]
Authors: Debora Theresiana , Dwikristanto Yanuard Putro 
Published: June 2024

<p>Indonesia is a country with a diverse society. <span>Diversity can bring conflict to society, but tolerance is essential to maintaining it. Education is a key starting point for fostering tolerance.</span> This requires teachers to carry out their role in instilling moral values in society based on the correct philosophical foundation. As the image and likeness of God, despite having fallen into sin and experiencing severe damage, humans still have a will and mind that is the basis for humans to be both tolerant and intolerant. This article aims to explore the philosophical role of Christian teachers as mentors, examining how they foster tolerance and intolerance in the classroom. The method used in writing is a literature review. The conclusion is that Christian teachers can use tolerant and intolerant attitudes correctly in the classroom through motivation, spontaneous advice with love, examples of Christ's love, and classroom habits that teach students to love each other and appreciate the work of others while hating sin.</p><p><strong>BAHASA INDONESIA ABSTRACT:</strong></p><p>Indonesia adalah negara dengan masyarakat yang beragam. Keberagaman ini sering kali menimbulkan konflik di masyarakat. Namun, toleransi merupakan hal yang penting untuk menjaga keberagaman, yang dapat dimulai dari dunia pendidikan. Hal ini menuntut guru untuk menjalankan perannya dalam menanamkan nilai-nilai moral dalam masyarakat dengan berlandaskan pada landasan filosofis yang benar. Sebagai gambar dan rupa Allah, meskipun telah jatuh ke dalam dosa dan mengalami kerusakan yang parah, manusia masih memiliki kehendak dan pikiran yang menjadi dasar bagi manusia untuk bersikap toleran dan intoleran dengan benar. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk memberikan gambaran mengenai peran guru Kristen sebagai pembimbing dalam menumbuhkan sikap toleransi dan intoleransi di dalam kelas secara filosofis. Metode yang digunakan dalam penulisan adalah tinjauan pustaka. Kesimpulan yang diperoleh adalah guru Kristen dapat menggunakan sikap toleran dan intoleransi dengan benar di dalam kelas melalui motivasi, nasihat spontan dengan kasih, teladan kasih Kristus, dan kebiasaan di dalam kelas yang mengajarkan siswa untuk saling mengasihi dan menghargai karya orang lain serta membenci dosa.</p>
Eating Habits and Age at Menarche in Junior High School Female Students in DKI Jakarta Province in 2023
Authors: Christanti Stefani , Syafiq Ahmad , Fikawati Sandra 
Published: June 2024

Background: The age at menarche tends to be younger in the last few decades, even though earlier or later menarche can impact physical and psychological health. Nutritional factors, including eating habits, are important and modifiable predictors of menarche age.
Objectives: To analyze eating habits’ effect on the menarche age by considering factors of nutritional status, level of physical activity, psychological state, and socioeconomic conditions.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 420 female students from 15 junior high schools in DKI Jakarta Province in May 2023. Eating habits were measured using the Semi-FFQ questionnaire, while the menarche age and other factors were obtained through interviews, questionnaires, and weight and height measurements.
Results: The menarche age ranged from 8.92 years to 14.33 years, with an average of 11.74 years. Respondents tend to consume carbohydrates, fat, protein, sugar, and salt ≥100% RDA. However, 70.7% of respondents have <100% RDA fiber eating habits. Low fiber diet (<29 grams/day) is significantly related to earlier menarche age based on the T-test (p=0.006) or logistic regression test after controlling for eating habits of fat, protein, and salt (p=0.047) with OR=0.569 (95% CI 0.325-0.993). The analysis also found that nutritional status and socioeconomic conditions were related to the menarche age.
Conclusions: Low fiber diet has a 1.76 times chance of menarche earlier than high fiber diet. A balanced nutritional intake, including vegetables and fruit as a source of fiber, is recommended to support adolescent growth and development, puberty, and general health.

Keywords: age at menarche, eating habits, fiber, junior high school female students
Peran Ayah terhadap Kejadian Stunting pada Balita di Perdesaan
Authors: Sugianti Elya , Putri Berliana Devianti , Buanasita Annas 
Published: June 2024

Latar Belakang: Stunting masih menjadi isu permasalahan global yang belum terselesaikan. Peranan ibu ditemukan menjadi penyebab yang dominan terhadap kejadian stunting. Namun sejauh ini, peranan ayah dalam peningkatan kejadian stunting belum banyak diulas pada penelitian terdahulu.
Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis peranan ayah terhadap kejadian stunting pada balita di perdesaan.
Metode: Penelitian menggunakan desain case control. Penelitian dilakukan di Kabupaten Jombang. Sebanyak 158 sampel usia 24-59 bulan dilibatkan pada penelitian ini. Analisis data menggunakan uji chi-square, fisher exact dan regresi logistik
Hasil: Ayah yang berpendidikan rendah berpeluang 2,407 kali lebih tinggi meningkatkan risiko balita menjadi stunting (p=0,010; OR=2,407). Ayah dengan jumlah keluarga lebih dari empat orang berpeluang 1,971 kali lebih tinggi memiliki balita stunting (p=0,042; OR=1,971) dibandingkan ayah dengan jumlah anggota kurang dari 4 orang.
Kesimpulan: Pelibatan ayah dalam pengasuhan anak penting untuk mencegah balita dari stunting. Edukasi gizi sebaiknya tidak hanya berfokus kepada ibu balita, akan tetapi juga kepada ayah balita. Perbaikan ekonomi keluarga pada rumah tangga dengan jumlah anggota besar penting untuk memperbaiki status gizi balita.
Role of the Water–Rock System in the Formation of the Composition of Radon Water of the Tulinskoe Field (Novosibirsk)
Authors: Novikov D.A. , Pyryaev A.N. , Sukhorukov V.P. , Maksimova A.A. , Derkachev A.S. , Sukhorukova A.F. , Dultsev F.F. , Chernykh A.V. , Khvashchevskaya A.A. , Medeshova N.A. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
––We present the first results of comprehensive isotope-geochemical studies of mineral radon waters of the Tulinskoe field (Novosibirsk), aimed at identifying their stages of interaction with the host rocks. By geochemical coefficients Ca/Na, Ca/Mg, Ca/Si, Mg/Si, Na/Si, Si/Na, rNa/rCl, and SO4/Cl, the studied waters are assigned to fracture–vein waters of granitoids. The indices of carbonate mineral saturation of the radon waters show their oversaturation with aragonite, calcite, and dolomite. The waters are also saturated with diaspore, ferrohydrite, gibbsite, and kaolinite, which leads to the deposition of these minerals as secondary phases. In the thermodynamic diagrams, the points of the activities of the radon water components are localized mainly in the stability fields of clay minerals (kaolinite and Na-, Ca-, and Mg-montmorillonites), layered silicates (talc), and zeolites (laumontite). A few points fall in the stability field of silicates (Mg-chlorite). The studied waters of the Tulinskoe field are neutral fresh, with Si = 6.41–9.02 mg/dm3. According to the results of thermodynamic calculations, the radon waters of the Tulinskoe field are in equilibrium with carbonate minerals and hydromicas. Following the classification by S.L. Shvartsev, they are assigned to the Si-Na geochemical type.