bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A cluster randomised controlled trial of the clinical and cost-effectiveness of a 'whole systems' model of self-management support for the management of long- term conditions in primary care: trial protocol
Authors: Bower Peter , Kennedy Anne , Reeves David , Rogers Anne , Blakeman Tom , Chew-Graham Carolyn , Bowen Robert , Eden Martin , Gardner Caroline , Hann Mark , Lee Victoria , Morris Rebecca , Protheroe Joanne , Richardson Gerry , Sanders Caroline , Swallow Angela , Thompson David 
Published: January 2012

AbstractBackgroundPatients with long-term conditions are increasingly the focus of quality improvement activities in health services to reduce the impact of these conditions on quality of life and to reduce the burden on care utilisation. There is significant interest in the potential for self-management support to improve health and reduce utilisation in these patient populations, but little consensus concerning the optimal model that would best provide such support. We describe the implementation and evaluation of self-management support through an evidence-based 'whole systems' model involving patient support, training for primary care teams, and service re-organisation, all integrated into routine delivery within primary care.MethodsThe evaluation involves a large-scale, multi-site study of the implementation, effectiveness, and cost-effectiveness of this model of self-management support using a cluster randomised controlled trial in patients with three long-term conditions of diabetes, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). The outcome measures include healthcare utilisation and quality of life. We describe the methods of the cluster randomised trial.DiscussionIf the 'whole systems' model proves effective and cost-effective, it will provide decision-makers with a model for the delivery of self-management support for populations with long-term conditions that can be implemented widely to maximise 'reach' across the wider patient population.Trial registration numberISRCTN:ISRCTN90940049
Prenatal diagnosis of a trisomy 7/trisomy 13 mosaicism
Authors: Huijsdens-van Amsterdam Karin , Barge-Schaapveld Daniela QCM , Mathijssen Inge B , Alders Mariëlle , Pajkrt Eva , Knegt Alida C 
Published: January 2012

Abstract
Double aneuploidy mosaicism of two different aneuploidy cell lines is rare. We describe for the first time a double trisomy mosaicism, involving chromosomes 7 and 13 in a fetus presenting with multiple congenital anomalies. No evidence for chimerism was found by DNA genotyping. The origin of both trisomies are consistent with isodisomy of maternal origin. Therefore, it is most likely that the double trisomy mosaicism arose from two independent events very early in embryonic development. The trisomy 7 and 13 cells were shown to be of maternal origin.
Rapid multiplex high resolution melting method to analyze inflammatory related SNPs in preterm birth
Authors: Pereyra Silvana , Velazquez Tatiana , Bertoni Bernardo , Sapiro Rossana 
Published: January 2012

Abstract

Background
Complex traits like cancer, diabetes, obesity or schizophrenia arise from an intricate interaction between genetic and environmental factors. Complex disorders often cluster in families without a clear-cut pattern of inheritance. Genomic wide association studies focus on the detection of tens or hundreds individual markers contributing to complex diseases. In order to test if a subset of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from candidate genes are associated to a condition of interest in a particular individual or group of people, new techniques are needed. High-resolution melting (HRM) analysis is a new method in which polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and mutations scanning are carried out simultaneously in a closed tube, making the procedure fast, inexpensive and easy. Preterm birth (PTB) is considered a complex disease, where genetic and environmental factors interact to carry out the delivery of a newborn before 37 weeks of gestation. It is accepted that inflammation plays an important role in pregnancy and PTB.

Methods
Here, we used real time-PCR followed by HRM analysis to simultaneously identify several gene variations involved in inflammatory pathways on preterm labor. SNPs from TLR4, IL6, IL1 beta and IL12RB genes were analyzed in a case-control study. The results were confirmed either by sequencing or by PCR followed by restriction fragment length polymorphism.

Results
We were able to simultaneously recognize the variations of four genes with similar accuracy than other methods. In order to obtain non-overlapping melting temperatures, the key step in this strategy was primer design. Genotypic frequencies found for each SNP are in concordance with those previously described in similar populations. None of the studied SNPs were associated with PTB.

Conclusions
Several gene variations related to the same inflammatory pathway were screened through a new flexible, fast and non expensive method with the purpose of analyzing their association to PTB. It can easily be used for simultaneously analyze any set of SNPs, either as the first choice for new association studies or as a complement to large-scale genotyping analysis. Given that inflammatory pathway is in the base of several diseases, it is potentially useful to analyze a broad range of disorders.
Methodology optimizing SAGE library tag-to-gene mapping: application to Leishmania
Authors: Smandi Sondos , Guerfali Fatma Z , Farhat Mohamed , Ben-Aissa Khadija , Laouini Dhafer , Guizani-Tabbane Lamia , Dellagi Koussay , Benkahla Alia 
Published: January 2012

AbstractBackgroundLeishmaniasis are widespread parasitic-diseases with an urgent need for more active and less toxic drugs and for effective vaccines. Understanding the biology of the parasite especially in the context of host parasite interaction is a crucial step towards such improvements in therapy and control. Several experimental approaches including SAGE (Serial analysis of gene expression) have been developed in order to investigate the parasite transcriptome organisation and plasticity. Usual SAGE tag-to-gene mapping techniques are inadequate because almost all tags are normally located in the 3'-UTR outside the CDS, whereas most information available forLeishmaniatranscripts is restricted to the CDS predictions. The aim of this work is to optimize a SAGE libraries tag-to-gene mapping technique and to show how this development improves the understanding ofLeishmaniatranscriptome.FindingsThe in silico method implemented herein was based on mapping the tags toLeishmaniagenome using BLAST then mapping the tags to their gene using a data-driven probability distribution. This optimized tag-to-gene mappings improved the knowledge ofLeishmaniagenome structure and transcription. It allowed analyzing the expression of a maximal number ofLeishmaniagenes, the delimitation of the 3' UTR of 478 genes and the identification of biological processes that are differentially modulated during the promastigote to amastigote differentiation.ConclusionThe developed method optimizes the assignment of SAGE tags in trypanosomatidae genomes as well as in any genome having polycistronic transcription and small intergenic regions.
Lysine methyltransferase G9a is not required for DNMT3A/3B anchoring to methylated nucleosomes and maintenance of DNA methylation in somatic cells
Authors: Sharma Shikhar , Gerke Daniel S , Han Han F , Jeong Shinwu , Stallcup Michael R , Jones Peter A , Liang Gangning 
Published: January 2012

Abstract

Background
DNA methylation, histone modifications and nucleosome occupancy act in concert for regulation of gene expression patterns in mammalian cells. Recently, G9a, a H3K9 methyltransferase, has been shown to play a role in establishment of DNA methylation at embryonic gene targets in ES cells through recruitment of de novo DNMT3A/3B enzymes. However, whether G9a plays a similar role in maintenance of DNA methylation in somatic cells is still unclear.

Results
Here we show that G9a is not essential for maintenance of DNA methylation in somatic cells. Knockdown of G9a has no measurable effect on DNA methylation levels at G9a-target loci. DNMT3A/3B remain stably anchored to nucleosomes containing methylated DNA even in the absence of G9a, ensuring faithful propagation of methylated states in cooperation with DNMT1 through somatic divisions. Moreover, G9a also associates with nucleosomes in a DNMT3A/3B and DNA methylation-independent manner. However, G9a knockdown synergizes with pharmacologic inhibition of DNMTs resulting in increased hypomethylation and inhibition of cell proliferation.

Conclusions
Taken together, these data suggest that G9a is not involved in maintenance of DNA methylation in somatic cells but might play a role in re-initiation of de novo methylation after treatment with hypomethylating drugs, thus serving as a potential target for combinatorial treatments strategies involving DNMTs inhibitors.
Local administration of glucocorticoids decreases synovial citrullination in rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Makrygiannakis Dimitrios , Revu Shankar , Engström Marianne , af Klint Erik , Nicholas Anthony P , Pruijn Ger JM , Catrina Anca I 
Published: January 2012

Abstract
Introduction
Protein citrullination is present in the rheumatoid synovium, presumably contributing to the perpetuation of chronic inflammation, in the presence of specific autoimmunity. As a result, the present study examined the possibility that effective antirheumatic treatment will decrease the level of synovial citrullination.

Methods
Synovial biopsies were obtained from 11 rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients before and after 8 weeks of treatment with 20 mg methotrexate weekly, 15 RA patients before and 2 weeks after an intraarticular glucocorticoid injection, and eight healthy volunteers. Synovial inflammation was assessed with double-blind semiquantitative analysis of lining thickness, cell infiltration, and vascularity by using a 4-point scale. Expression of citrullinated proteins (CPs) with the monoclonal antibody F95 and peptidylarginine deiminase (PAD) 2 and 4 was assessed immunohistochemically with double-blind semiquantitative analysis. In vitro synovial fluid (SF), peripheral blood (PB), mononuclear cells (MCs), and synovial explants obtained from RA patients were incubated with dexamethasone and analyzed with immunohistochemistry for expression of CP as well as PAD2 and PAD4 enzymes.

Results
The presence of synovial CP was almost exclusive in RA compared with healthy synovium and correlated with the degree of local inflammation. Treatment with glucocorticoids but not methotrexate alters expression of synovial CP and PAD enzymes, in parallel with a decrease of synovial inflammation. Ex vivo and in vitro studies suggest also a direct effect of glucocorticoids on citrullination, as demonstrated by the decrease in the level of citrullination and PAD expression after incubation of SFMC and synovial explants with dexamethasone.

Conclusion
Synovial citrullination and PAD expression are dependent on local inflammation and targeted by glucocorticoids.
A randomised controlled trial of a self-management education program for osteoarthritis of the knee delivered by health care professionals
Authors: Coleman Sophie , Briffa N Kathryn , Carroll Graeme , Inderjeeth Charles , Cook Nicola , McQuade Jean 
Published: January 2012

Abstract
Introduction
Our aim in the present study was to determine whether a disease-specific self-management program for primary care patients with osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee (the Osteoarthritis of the Knee Self-Management Program (OAK)) implemented by health care professionals would achieve and maintain clinically meaningful improvements in health-related outcomes compared with a control group.

Methods
Medical practitioners referred 146 primary care patients with OA of the knee. Volunteers with coexistent inflammatory joint disease or serious comorbidities were excluded. Randomisation was to either a control group or the OAK group. The OAK group completed a 6-week self-management program. The control group had a 6-month waiting period before entering the OAK program. Assessments were taken at baseline, 8 weeks and 6 months. The primary outcomes were the results measured using the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index (WOMAC) Pain and Function subscales on the Short Form 36 version 1 questionnaire (SF-36) Secondary outcomes were Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) pain, Timed Up & Go Test (TUG), knee range of motion and quadriceps and hamstring strength-isometric contraction. Responses to treatment (responders) and minimal clinically important improvements (MCIIs) were determined.

Results
In the OAK group, VAS pain improved from baseline to week 8 from mean (SEM) 5.21 (0.30) to 3.65 (0.29) (P ≤ 0.001). During this period, improvements in the OAK group compared with the control group and responses to treatment were demonstrated according to the following outcomes: WOMAC Pain, Physical Function and Total dimensions, as well as SF-36 Physical Function, Role Physical, Body Pain, Vitality and Social Functioning domains. In addition, from baseline to week 8, the proportion of MCIIs was greater among the OAK group than the control group for all outcomes. For the period between baseline and month 6, WOMAC Pain, Physical Function and Total dimensions significantly improved in the OAK group compared to the control group, as did the SF-36 Physical Function, Role Physical, Body Pain, Vitality and Social Functioning domains, as well as hamstring strength in both legs. During the same period, the TUG Test, range of motion extension and left-knee flexion improved compared with the control group, although these improvements had little clinical relevance.

Conclusions
We recorded statistically significant improvements compared with a control group with regard to pain, quality of life and function for participants in the OAK program on the basis of WOMAC and SF-36 measures taken 8 weeks and 6 months from baseline.
Orbital Views on Electron-Transport Properties of Cyclophanes: Insight into Intermolecular Transport
Authors: Li Xinqian , Staykov Aleksandar , Yoshizawa Kazunari 
Published: January 2012

Abstract
Electron-transport properties of cyclophanes are investigated with qualitative Hückel molecular orbital analysis for better understanding of the intermolecular interaction in molecular devices. Charge and electron transfers often take place via through-space interactions, which are observed both in large biological molecules and in organic molecular crystals. Since the intermolecular electronic coupling in π-stacked structures plays an important role in total device performance, in this work [2,2]paracyclophane is studied to investigate the effect of the intermolecular interactions in aromatic hydrocarbons on its electron-transport properties. According to the orbital symmetry rule, the symmetry-allowed and symmetry-forbidden connections for electron transport between the benzene rings are predicted just from the phase and amplitude of the frontier orbitals. The meta connection is symmetry allowed for electron transport while the para and ortho connections are symmetry forbidden. The qualitative predictions made with the Hückel approximation are found consistent with the calculation results obtained with density functional theory. The qualitative but essential understanding in the orbital views would extend the application of the rule from a single molecule to a crystal structure for the development of high-performance molecular devices.
Rapid and Convenient Sample Preparation in a Single Tube Using Magnetic Beads for Fluorescence Detection of Single Nucleotide Variation Based on Oligonucleotide Ligation
Authors: Hashimoto Masahiko , Morimoto Chika , Hagihara Kenta , Tsukagoshi Kazuhiko 
Published: January 2012

Abstract
We here describe a rapid and convenient sample preparation in a single tube for detecting single nucleotide variation based on oligonucleotide ligation assay (OLA) using a biotinylated primer and a set of four different fluorophore-labeled primers. Only one of the fluorophore-labeled primers that was fully complementary to a DNA template was ligated with the biotin-primer by DNA ligase. We isolated the ligated fragments that carried a biotin at the 3′-end by capture with streptavidin-coated magnetic beads. The distinct fluorescence signature of each ligation product coded the single nucleotide differences.
Benzo[b]trithiophene Polymer Network Prepared by Electrochemical Polymerization with a Combination of Thermal Conversion
Authors: Nakae Takahiro , Mizobuchi Shingo , Yano Maki , Ukai Takuya , Sato Hisako , Shinmei Toru , Inoue Toru , Irifune Tetsuo , Sakaguchi Hiroshi 
Published: January 2012

Abstract
A two-step procedure of two-dimensional polymer constructed from benzo[b]trithiophene (BTT) was proposed by electrochemical polymerization and thermal conversion. Electropolymerized BTT oligomer on an electrode was thermally converted to conjugated polymer. Obtained conductive material is found to retain BTT structure by Raman spectra and to extend π conjugation by absorption spectra.
Highly Efficient and Selective Formation of Hydrogencarbonate in CO2 Absorption Process Using Piperidine and Piperazine Derivatives
Authors: Shin Man Sub , Park Yoon Kook , Nam Sung Chan , Hwang Kwang-Jin 
Published: January 2012

Abstract
This investigation demonstrated that bicarbonate ions were selectively formed over carbamate in a CO2 absorption process using piperidine and piperazine derivatives based on 13C NMR. Piperidines with methyl or hydroxymethyl substituent at 2 position (PiP-Me and PiP-MeOH) and 2,5-dimethylpiperazine (DM-PiZ) generated the bicarbonate ions as main adducts in reaction with CO2. The absorptions of CO2 by those aqueous amines (PiP-Me and DM-PiZ) were faster than those of MEA (2-aminoethanol).
Synthesis and Reactivity of a Platinum(II) Complex with Hydrosulfido Ligands Induced by a Chelated N-Heterocyclic Carbene Ligand
Authors: Maeda Yuri , Hashimoto Hideki , Nishioka Takanori 
Published: January 2012

Abstract
A bis(hydrosulfido)platinum(II) complex with a bidentate chelate N-heterocyclic carbene ligand was oxidized by O2 to give a linear tetrasulfide complex in the presence of excess hydrogen sulfide and a thiosulfato-bridged dinuclear complex without hydrogen sulfide.
Prenatal Care and Subsequent Birth Intervals
Authors: Teitler Julien O. , Das Dhiman , Kruse Lakota , Reichman Nancy E. 
Published: January 2012

CONTEXT:

Prenatal care generally includes contraceptive and health education that may help women to control their subsequent fertility. However, research has not examined whether receipt of prenatal care is associated with subsequent birthspacing.
METHODS:

Longitudinally linked birth records from 113,662 New Jersey women who had had a first birth in 1996–2000 were used to examine associations between the timing and adequacy of prenatal care prior to a woman’s first birth and the timing of her second birth. Multinomial logistic regression analyses adjusted for social and demographic characteristics, hospital and year of birth.
RESULTS:

Most women (85%) had initiated prenatal care during the first trimester. Women who had not obtained prenatal care until the second or third trimester, or at all, were more likely than those who had had first‐trimester care to have a second child within 18 months, rather than in 18–59 months (odds ratios, 1.2–1.6). Similarly, women whose care had been inadequate were more likely than those who had had adequate care to have a short subsequent birth interval (1.2). The associations were robust to alternative measures of prenatal care and birth intervals, and were strongest for mothers with less than 16 years of education.
CONCLUSIONS:

Providers should capitalize on their limited encounters with mothers who initiate prenatal care late or use it sporadically to ensure that these women receive information about family planning.
The Combination of Amoxicillin and Metronidazole Improves Clinical and Microbiologic Results of One‐Stage, Full‐Mouth, Ultrasonic Debridement in Aggressive Periodontitis Treatment
Authors: Casarin Renato C.V. , Peloso Ribeiro Érica Del , Sallum Enilson A. , Nociti Francisco H. , Gonçalves Reginaldo B. , Casati Márcio Z. 
Published: January 2012

Background: The aim of the present study is to assess clinical, microbiologic, and immunologic benefits of amoxicillin/metronidazole (AM) when performing full‐mouth ultrasonic debridement (FMUD) in generalized aggressive periodontitis (GAgP) treatment.Methods: Twenty‐four GAgP patients were divided into two groups: the FMUD group (n = 12), which received FMUD plus placebo, and the FMUD+AM group (n = 12), which received FMUD and 375 mg amoxicillin plus 250 mg metronidazole for 7 days. The following clinical outcomes were tested: plaque and bleeding on probing indices, pocket probing depth (PD), relative gingival margin position (GMP), and relative clinical attachment level (CAL). Total amount of Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg), Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (Aa), Tannerella forsythia (Tf), and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) concentration of interleukin (IL)‐10 and IL‐1β were also determined. All clinical, microbiologic, and immunologic parameters were assessed at baseline and at 3 and 6 months post‐therapy. The ANOVA/Tukey test was used for statistical analysis (α = 5%).Results: Amoxicillin/metronidazole used as an adjunct to the FMUD protocol added clinical and microbiologic benefits to GAgP treatment (P <0.05). FMUD+AM groups presented an additional PD reduction in initially deep PDs at the 3‐month follow‐up (3.99 ± 1.16 mm and 3.09 ± 0.78 mm for FMUD+AM and FMUD, respectively; P <0.05), a lower number of residual pockets at the 3‐ and 6‐month follow‐ups, and a statistical reduction in amounts of Aa (P <0.05). Analysis of Tf and Pg amounts, as well as IL‐10 and IL‐1β GCF concentrations failed to demonstrate a difference between the groups (P >0.05).Conclusion: It may be concluded that amoxicillin/metronidazole improves clinical and microbiologic results of FMUD in GAgP treatment.
Suicide Note Sentiment Classification: A Supervised Approach Augmented by Web Data
Authors: Xu Yan , Wang Yue , Liu Jiahua , Tu Zhuowen , Sun Jian-Tao , Tsujii Junichi , Chang Eric 
Published: January 2012

Objective To create a sentiment classification system for the Fifth i2b2/VA Challenge Track 2, which can identify thirteen subjective categories and two objective categories. Design We developed a hybrid system using Support Vector Machine (SVM) classifiers with augmented training data from the Internet. Our system consists of three types of classification-based systems: the first system uses spanning n-gram features for subjective categories, the second one uses bag-of-n-gram features for objective categories, and the third one uses pattern matching for infrequent or subtle emotion categories. The spanning n-gram features are selected by a feature selection algorithm that leverages emotional corpus from weblogs. Special normalization of objective sentences is generalized with shallow parsing and external web knowledge. We utilize three sources of web data: the weblog of LiveJournal which helps to improve the feature selection, the eBay List which assists in special normalization of information and instructions categories, and the suicide project web which provides unlabeled data with similar properties as suicide notes. Measurements The performance is evaluated by the overall micro-averaged precision, recall and F-measure. Result Our system achieved an overall micro-averaged F-measure of 0.59. Happiness_peacefulness had the highest F-measure of 0.81. We were ranked as the second best out of 26 competing teams. Conclusion Our results indicated that classifying fine-grained sentiments at sentence level is a non-trivial task. It is effective to divide categories into different groups according to their semantic properties. In addition, our system performance benefits from external knowledge extracted from publically available web data of other purposes; performance can be further enhanced when more training data is available.