bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pattern of plant biomass and carbon stock along different elevational forests in eastern Nepal
Authors: Gachhadar Pramila Kumari , Baniya Chitra Bahadur , Mandal Tej Narayan 
Published: June 2024

The primary aim of this investigation was to determine the biomass and carbon stock distribution pattern among different forest stands of diverse elevations in the Morang district of East Nepal. It is noteworthy to estimate carbon stock and biomass of relatively least underexplored forests in east Nepal. The data for estimating the biomass and carbon stocks of the five different forest sites, viz. Bhaunne, Raja-Rani, Murchungi, Adheri, and Sagma located between 100-1300m above the mean sea level, were acquired through the measurement of inventory plots selected randomly. Altogether, 50 sample plots were established within five forest stands located on different elevational zone; within each forest site, 10 sample plots of 20m × 20m size, were laid out for the measurement of trees. In the case of shrubs and herbs, nested plots of 5m × 5m and 1m ×1m, respectively were established. Calculation of the biomass of trees and shrubs was facilitated through the application of an allometric equation, while the biomass of herbs was determined by the harvest method. The carbon concentration in the plant materials was estimated using ash content method. The comprehensive analysis of the stand biomass in the Bhaunne, Raja-Rani, Murchungi, Adheri, and Sagma forest sites were: 815.86 Mg ha-1, 414.19 Mg ha-1, 606.81 Mg ha-1, 519.20 Mg ha-1, and 299.96 Mg ha-1, respectively, with minimum at the Sagma site (high-altitude forest) and maximum at the Bhaunne site (low-altitude forest). As per the variation in stand biomass, the carbon stocks in the forest sites also showed the same trend, but the values ranged from 140.19 Mg C ha-1 to 333.63 Mg C ha-1, with the minimum in the Sagma site and the maximum in the Bhaunne site. The application of the Friedman Test revealed statistically significant variation in the tree biomass between the Murchungi and Sagma sites and also in the shrub biomass between the Adheri and Sagma sites. Similarly, noteworthy variations were observed in the herb biomass of the Bhaunne, Raja-Rani, Murchungi, and Adheri sites as compared to that of the Sagma site. The present study contributes to the understanding of forest ecosystems in context to carbon management.
Diversity and Distribution of 100 Plant Species of a Community Managed Forest from the Mid-Hills of Nepal: A Phytosociological Approach
Authors: Pokhrel Sushank 
Published: June 2024

Phytosociology is the study of interrelationship among plant species which classifies the vegetation in a meaningful manner. The aim of this study was to study diversity and distribution of plant species in Gobankholi Community Forest in the Mid-Hills of Nepal which is dominated by Pinus roxburghii. Trees were enumerated in a 400 sq. m. plot, shrubs and climber in a 100 sq. m plot and herbs in a 4 sq. m. plot. Density, frequency, abundance, and important value index of individual species were calculated. Similarly, Simpson's diversity index, Shannon’s diversity index, and Pielou's evenness index were also calculated, based on life form viz. herbs, shrubs and trees. 66 herbs, 8 Pteridophytes, 8 shrubs, 3 climbers and 15 trees were found, among a total of 100 species. The rare orchid, Satyrium nepalense, was found at an altitude of 1275 m a.s.l. Herbs were more diverse and even than trees, shrubs and climbers. Aleuritopteris bicolor, Colebrookea oppositifolia and Pinus roxburghii were the most dominant herb, shrub and tree respectively.
PENGARUH PERMAINAN TRADISIONAL ENGKLEK TERHADAP PEMBELAJARAN SISWA KELAS IV SDN BLULUK I LAMONGAN
Authors: Putri Adinda Amelia Anugerah , Bakhtiar Afakhrul Masub 
Published: June 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh permainan tradisional engklek terhadap peningkatan pembelajaran siswa kelas IV SDN Bluluk I Lamongan. Salah satu permasalah pendidikan adalah minimnya media sarana dan prasarana, sehingga guru dituntut kreatif dalam meningkatkan kulalitas pembelajaran dikelas, seperti mengembangkan media pembelajaran dikelas. Salah satu media pembelajaran yang menarik dan dapat mengatasi kebosanan siswa dalam kegiatan pembelajaran yaitu kegiatan pembelajaran berbasis permainan, seperti penerapan media permainan tradisional engklek dapat disimpulkan bahwa media media tersebut dapat meningkatkan proses pembelajaran siswa serta meningkatkan semangat siswa sesudah menggunakan media permainan tradisional engklek dan penggunaan media pembelajaran dalam kegiatan pembelajaran lebih memudahkan siswa dalam memperoleh pemahaman dan memotivasi siswa untuk belajar sehingga mendapatkan hasil belajar yang baik dan hasil pembelajaran meningkat.
Factors Influencing Patient Decision-Making in the Treatment of Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer
Authors: Desai Avani , Bouknight Lucas , Reed Thomas , Mueller Dana , Osterman Chelsea , Repka Michael , Rose Tracy , Smith Angela B. 
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND: In 2023, an estimated 82,290 individuals were diagnosed with bladder cancer in the United States. For muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC), the American Urological Association recommends offering radical cystectomy with cisplatin-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy. However, patients are increasingly requesting alternative treatments. OBJECTIVE: To describe factors influencing selection of radical cystectomy with cisplatin-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC + RC), radical cystectomy monotherapy (RC), or tri-modality therapy (TMT) among patients with MIBC. METHODS: Individual, semi-structured phone interviews were conducted with 18 adults who underwent MIBC treatment at the University of North Carolina, recruiting six patients each from three treatment groups: 1) NAC + RC, 2) RC, and 3) TMT. Interview transcriptions were qualitatively analyzed using QSR NVivo, with major themes and sub-themes extracted. Patients also completed the Shared Decision-Making Questionnaire (SDM-Q-9; range 0–100). RESULTS: Concern for survival and risks, quality of life, and varied patient preferences for involvement influenced the decision-making process. Concern surrounding sexual function, bladder preservation, and urostomy bags drove patients towards TMT. High levels of shared decision-making were observed overall, with a median SDM-Q-9 score of 95 (IQR 89–100). Patients undergoing TMT reported the highest median SDM-Q-9 score (97, IQR 94–100), while those receiving radical cystectomy alone had the lowest (66, IQR 37–96). CONCLUSIONS: Patients with MIBC described a multifaceted treatment decision-making process, highlighting key influences, concerns, and unmet needs. Understanding this process can help address misconceptions and align treatment choices with patient goals. Physicians can use these insights to engage in shared decision-making, ultimately improving patient experiences and outcomes.
Synergistic Information Security Design Implementation based on Role-Based Access Control, Information Classification, and AES Cryptographic Encryption
Authors: Bumalod Marjay C. , Velasco Rose Mary A. 
Published: June 2024

Security technology has undergone significant development and research in response to increasing cyber threats. The Intranet Document Management System (IDMS) was created to centralize documents within organizations, ensuring efficiency and streamlining processes. Given the critical nature of document management in organizational workflows, secure and safe management is paramount. This study aims to develop a secure IDMS using Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) encryption, Role-Based Access Control (RBAC), and an Information Classification Model. We also provide a comprehensive overview of the key characteristics and performance metrics of each access control model and cryptographic algorithm, facilitating decision-making for system design and implementation. The system offers high granularity, ease of administration through role assignments with document classification, high flexibility with customized permissions, and scalability with roles and classification. AES is chosen for its high security and fast performance, making it a widely used encryption standard.
Keywords: Advanced Encryption Standard (AES), Access Control, Cryptographic Algorithm, Document Management System, Information Classification

Received Date: April 2, 2024Revised Date: May 10, 2024Accepted Date: May 14, 2024
Penyuluhan Hukum “Meningkatkan Kesadaran Hukum Masyarakat Dalam Bermedia Sosial di Desa Keraswetan”
Authors: Yuli Purnama Taufiq , Sigit Sapto Nugroho  , Anik Tri Haryani  , Retno Iswati  
Published: June 2024

The purpose of this Community Service is to provide understanding and legal awareness for the community in using social media. Legal counselling was conducted in Keraswetan village, Geneng sub-district, Ngawi district and other legal issues related to the conditions of each village. The use of social media must be realised by the community in order to have a positive impact on the progress of society. In this almost digital age, there are still many violations of social media. The method used in this activity is in the form of a directed discussion which begins with counselling/lecture then continued with direct questions and answers. The participants were community members, especially women and local community leaders. The community does not fully understand the use of social media. Through this legal counselling activity, every citizen is expected to be able to utilise existing social media for positive and beneficial interests, and to be wise in social media. By understanding the law, it is expected that there will be an increase in public legal awareness.
Pelatihan Desain Canva dan Google Drive Dalam Pengelolaan Strategi Promosi
Authors: Mutmainah  , Susanto Andik 
Published: June 2024

One thing that attracts people to make purchases is product photos. Producing excellent and attractive product photos requires extra effort in designing and editing them. An application is needed that can help entrepreneurs, especially "UMKM," to be able to create product photos more quickly, practically, and with excellent and attractive results. The community service team introduces and trains the use of the Canva application to answer the needs of these business actors. The team also introduced and trained on maximizing the use of the Google Drive application on cellphones to help "UMKM," store document or photo files. The activity was carried out at the UMKM Corner Gallery in Madiun City using lecture, discussion, and practice methods. Participants who are "UMKM" in the Madiun Regency area support this activity, as seen from those willing to attend during busy activities. The activity ran well and smoothly; the participants' enthusiasm for participating could be seen from the design of the product photos, which were produced in more than one photo and shared on their social media. Active discussions and questions and answers are also a form of their enthusiasm. This training activity lets the service team know what “UMKM”business actors need.
Colagem de fragmento autógeno de incisivo central superior em paciente odontopediátrico - Relato de caso
Authors: Freitas Rafaela Carvalho , Nunes Alessandra Noleto de Almeida , Ramos Priscila Figueredo Cruz , Araújo Tainá de Castelo Branco 
Published: June 2024

A reabilitação estética e funcional de dentes fraturados a nível cervical é sempre um desafio para a Odontologia. Quando o fragmento permanece integro e em perfeita adaptação com o remanescente dental, a colagem do fragmento apresenta-se como uma alternativa conservadora e minimamente invasiva para recuperação de dentes fraturados. O estudo teve como objetivo relatar o tratamento para fratura coronária não complexa em terço médio, sem envolvimento pulpar, em incisivo central superior. Paciente do gênero feminino, 10 anos, compareceu à clínica odontológica do Centro Universitário Unifacid Wyden acompanhada por sua responsável, relatando fratura do incisivo central superior (dente 21) após acidente doméstico sofrido há pouco mais de 1 semana. Após avaliação clínica e radiográfica inicial e avaliação da viabilidade do fragmento trazido pela paciente o tratamento proposto foi a colagem do fragmento no dente utilizando resina flow. Diante do caso clínico exposto, pode-se concluir que em virtude dos avanços da odontologia adesiva, a técnica de colagem de fragmento dental proporciona um resultado estético e funcional satisfatório para o paciente.
O uso de antidepressivos por crianças e adolescentes: Uma revisão integrativa
Authors: Santos Greison Antonio dos , Santos Daniele Bastos dos , Lima Cristiane Gomes 
Published: June 2024

A depressão, uma condição psiquiátrica crônica e recorrente, é caracterizada por flutuações emocionais, incluindo irritabilidade, falta de motivação, mudanças no sono e no apetite, sentimentos persistentes de tristeza, angústia e culpa, bem como baixa autoestima, associada à dificuldade de concentração, pensamentos suicidas e indecisão. O objetivo deste trabalho foi descrever os desfechos da farmacoterapia empregada no tratamento da depressão em crianças e adolescentes. Realizou-se uma revisão integrativa nas bases de dados da MEDLINE e LILACS com os descritores: Depressive Disorder, Antidepressive Agents, Child and Adolescent. Foram artigos disponíveis na íntegra para leitura, publicados nos últimos cinco anos, nos idiomas inglês, português ou espanhol, que tratem de crianças e adolescentes. Foram excluídos estudos repetidos, de revisão, dissertações ou teses, ou que não abordem resultados sobre tratamento farmacológico. A amostra final foi composta por oito artigos. A eficácia de intervenções farmacoterapêuticas, como o uso de cetamina e fluvoxamina, na redução dos sintomas depressivos em crianças e adolescentes, enquanto também sugerem uma associação entre níveis de citocinas inflamatórias e a gravidade dos sintomas depressivos, além de destacar a influência de traços de personalidade na resposta ao tratamento antidepressivo. Conclui-se que as intervenções farmacológicas foram associadas a melhorias significativas nos sintomas depressivos, variando desde o uso de cetamina intravenosa, fluvoxamina, antidepressivos convencionais e sertralina.
ASSESSMENT OF KNOWLEDGE AND SELF-MEDICATION PRACTICE OF DYSMENORRHEA AMONG PHARMACY UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY
Authors: Rahmi, M.Sc Eldiza Puji , Ananda Bella , Prabowo Imam , Pradana Dhigna Luthfiyani Citra 
Published: June 2024

Dysmenorrhea is pain during menstruation that is experienced during adolescence caused by uterine muscle spasms. Data on knowledge of dysmenorrhea and self-medication practice among undergraduate student at Universitas Pembangunan Nasional Veteran Jakarta (UPN Veteran Jakarta) are scarce. This study aimed to assess and determine the relationship between the level of knowledge and primary dysmenorrhea self-medication practice. A cross-sectional study was carried out among female undergraduate Pharmacy Student of UPN Veteran Jakarta. A total of 107 unmarried and nulliparous female students were included in this study using the stratified random sampling technique. Based on the results of the study, 47 students (43.9%) had adequate knowledge, 46 students (43.0%) had moderate knowledge, and 14 students (13.1%) had inadequate knowledge. Forty female students (37.4%) had good practice, 40 female students (37.4%) had moderate practice, and 27 female students (25.2%) had poor practice regarding dysmenorrhea, and in this study, the value of confidentiality (p< 0.05). It is considered significant, with the intention that there is a relationship between the level of knowledge and primary dysmenorrhea self-medication.
The carbohydrate metabolism and expression of carbohydrate-active enzyme genes in Aspergillus luchuensis fermentation of tea leaves
Authors: Li Ruoyu , Wang Teng , Bo Nianguo , Wang Qi , Chen Qiuyue , Liang Zhengwei , Guan Yanhui , Jiang Bin , Ma Yan , Zhao Ming 
Published: June 2024

IntroductionCarbohydrates, which make up 20 to 25% of tea beverages, are responsible for their flavor and bioactivity. Carbohydrates of pu-erh tea change during microbial fermentation and require further research. In this study, we examined the carbohydrate metabolism and expression of carbohydrate-active enzyme genes during the fermentation of tea leaves with Aspergillus luchuensis.MethodsWidely targeted metabolomics analysis, high-performance anion-exchange chromatography measurements, and transcriptomics were used in this study.ResultsAfter fermentation, the levels of soluble sugar, hemicellulose, lignin, eight monosaccharides, and seven sugar alcohols increased. Meanwhile, the relative contents of polysaccharides, D-sorbitol, D-glucose, and cellulose decreased. High expression of 40 genes encoding 16 carbohydrate enzymes was observed during fermentation (FPKM&gt;10). These genes encode L-iditol 2-dehydrogenase, pectinesterase, polygalacturonase, α-amylase, glucoamylase, endoglucanase, β-glucosidase, β-galactosidase, α-galactosidase, α-glucosidase, and glucose-6-phosphate isomerase, among others.DiscussionThese enzymes are known to break down polysaccharides and cell wall cellulose, increasing the content of monosaccharides and soluble sugars.
Region and layer-specific expression of GABAA receptor isoforms and KCC2 in developing cortex
Authors: Zavalin Kirill , Hassan Anjana , Zhang Yueli , Khera Zain , Lagrange Andre H. 
Published: June 2024

Introductionγ-Aminobutyric acid (GABA) type A receptors (GABAARs) are ligand-gated Cl-channels that mediate the bulk of inhibitory neurotransmission in the mature CNS and are targets of many drugs. During cortical development, GABAAR-mediated signals are significantly modulated by changing subunit composition and expression of Cl-transporters as part of developmental processes and early network activity. To date, this developmental evolution has remained understudied, particularly at the level of cortical layer-specific changes. In this study, we characterized the expression of nine major GABAAR subunits and K-Cl transporter 2 (KCC2) in mouse somatosensory cortex from embryonic development to postweaning maturity.MethodsWe evaluated expression of α1-5, β2-3, γ2, and δ GABAAR subunits using immunohistochemistry and Western blot techniques, and expression of KCC2 using immunohistochemistry in cortices from E13.5 to P25 mice.ResultsWe found that embryonic cortex expresses mainly α3, α5, β3, and γ2, while expression of α1, α2, α4, β2, δ, and KCC2 begins at later points in development; however, many patterns of nuanced expression can be found in specific lamina, cortical regions, and cells and structures.DiscussionWhile the general pattern of expression of each subunit and KCC2 is similar to previous studies, we found a number of unique temporal, regional, and laminar patterns that were previously unknown. These findings provide much needed knowledge of the intricate developmental evolution in GABAAR composition and KCC2 expression to accommodate developmental signals that transition to mature neurotransmission.
Influence of β-lactam pharmacodynamics on the systems microbiology of gram-positive and gram-negative polymicrobial communities
Authors: Smith Nicholas M. , Kaur Harpreet , Kaur Ravneet , Minoza Trisha , Kent Michael , Barekat Ayeh , Lenhard Justin R. 
Published: June 2024

ObjectivesWe sought to evaluate the pharmacodynamics of β-lactam antibacterials against polymicrobial communities of clinically relevant gram-positive and gram-negative pathogens.MethodsTwo Enterococcus faecalis isolates, two Staphylococcus aureus isolates, and three Escherichia coli isolates with varying β-lactamase production were evaluated in static time-killing experiments. Each gram-positive isolate was exposed to a concentration array of ampicillin (E. faecalis) or cefazolin (S. aureus) alone and during co-culture with an E. coli isolate that was β-lactamase-deficient, produced TEM-1, or produced KPC-3/TEM-1B. The results of the time-killing experiments were summarized using an integrated pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamics analysis as well as mathematical modelling to fully characterize the antibacterial pharmacodynamics.ResultsIn the integrated analysis, the maximum killing of ampicillin (Emax) against both E. faecalis isolates was ≥ 4.11 during monoculture experiments or co-culture with β-lactamase-deficient E. coli, whereas the Emax was reduced to ≤ 1.54 during co-culture with β-lactamase-producing E. coli. In comparison to monoculture experiments, culturing S. aureus with KPC-producing E. coli resulted in reductions of the cefazolin Emax from 3.25 and 3.71 down to 2.02 and 2.98, respectively. Two mathematical models were created to describe the interactions between E. coli and either E. faecalis or S. aureus. When in co-culture with E. coli, S. aureus experienced a reduction in its cefazolin Kmax by 24.8% (23.1%RSE). Similarly, β-lactamase-producing E. coli preferentially protected the ampicillin-resistant E. faecalis subpopulation, reducing Kmax,r by 90.1% (14%RSE).Discussionβ-lactamase-producing E. coli were capable of protecting S. aureus and E. faecalis from exposure to β-lactam antibacterials.
Vancomycin population pharmacokinetics and dosing proposal for the initial treatment in obese adult patients
Authors: Polášková Lucie , Murínová Irena , Gregorová Jana , Slanař Ondřej , Šíma Martin 
Published: June 2024

AimThe aim of this study was to develop a vancomycin population pharmacokinetic model in adult obese patients and propose covariate-based dosing individualization in order to maximize the achievement of the newly recommended PK/PD target, according to a revised consensus guideline from 2020.MethodsTherapeutic drug monitoring data from initial vancomycin therapy (first 3 days of treatment) in adult obese (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2) patients from 2013 to 2022 were analyzed using a non-linear mixed-effects modeling method, and Monte Carlo simulations were then used to find the optimal dosage maximizing the PK/PD target attainment.ResultsA total of 147 vancomycin serum levels obtained from 138 patients were included in the analysis. Based on the covariate model diagnosis among all tested variables, no reliable predictor of vancomycin volume of distribution (Vd) was identified, while clearance (CL) was positively correlated with eGFR and lean body mass. Creatinine-based eGFR predicted vancomycin CL better than cystatin C-based eGFR. The median (interquartile range) value from conditional modes of individual estimates of Vd, CL, and elimination half-life in our population was 74.0 (70.5–75.4) L, 6.65 (4.95–8.42) L/h, and 7.7 (6.0–10.0) h, respectively.ConclusionWe proposed dosing individualization based on the covariate found in order to maximize the achievement of the newly recommended PK/PD target of the AUC/MIC ratio of 400–600. Clinical pharmacy/pharmacology interventions may lead to an improvement in vancomycin dosing with a reflection in PK/PD target attainment.