bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Corps, jeu et émotion dans un groupe thérapeutique à médiation artistique
Authors: Cologne Sandra 
Published: February 2011

Résumé Au sein de l’analyse d’une pratique psychomotrice de groupe thérapeutique à médiation artistique, nous nous interrogerons sur la place des émotions et la fonction du mouvement dansé et de l’espace scénique dans la thérapie. Lieu de représentation de ce corps en mouvement, est-il un possible lieu de transformation des affects/émotions et de changement des modes de relation à soi et aux autres, grâce à l’espace d’exploration, d’expérimentation et de jeu qu’il ouvre à nouveau ? Une attention particulière sera portée au corps et à son rôle dans la construction de la personnalité. Ce corps senti, vécu, perçu individuellement mais également représenté, construit en identification à autrui et réfléchi par le regard d’autrui.
Le blues des « enseignants du terrain »
Authors: Seghetchian-Shomali Dominique 
Published: February 2011

L’enseignement du français est plus que jamais « une discipline sur la sellette ». Sans accompagnement ni véritable formation, ses enseignants sont soumis aux injonctions contradictoires des idéologues entre l’obligation de mettre en œuvre la « modernité » d’un enseignement par compétences et un programme ancré dans la « tradition républicaine ». La définition même de la professionnalité des enseignants de français est mise à mal. Lieu où peuvent se rencontrer les enseignants de français de la maternelle à l’université, qu’ils l’enseignent en tant que langue maternelle, seconde ou étrangère, l’AFEF peut aussi impulser la réflexion sur les vrais bilans que l’institution ne tire pas. Elle peut être le lieu d’un renouveau qui puise dans les ressources des uns et des autres les outils pour dépasser non seulement ces dilemmes mais l’ancienne dichotomie langue/littérature. Elle parviendra ainsi à organiser une résistance constructive à un « pilotage » qui privilégie le quantitatif et in fine le marché, et répondre aux attentes des enseignants qui souhaitent exercer leur métier au service des sujets-élèves, de la démocratie et de l’humanisme.
Pour une rénovation de l'enseignement du français.
Authors: Cardon-Quint Clémence 
Published: February 2011

Créée en 1967 pour représenter les professeurs français dans la future Fédération internationale des professeurs de français, l’Association française des professeurs de français (AFPF) devint en quelques années le porte parole de ceux qui souhaitaient une rénovation ambitieuse de l’enseignement du français, de la maternelle à l’université. Elle put se faire entendre, à compter de 1970, au sein de la commission Pierre Emmanuel, chargée par le ministère de l’Éducation nationale d’élaborer des propositions pour réformer cet enseignement. Sur le terrain, sans attendre les directives officielles, ses adhérents s’efforcèrent d’expérimenter de nouvelles pratiques. Portée par l’effervescence réformatrice de l’époque, l’association connut une période de croissance et d’optimisme qui prit fin avec l’inflexion de la politique ministérielle, plus ouvertement conservatrice à compter de 1972-1973.
L'AFEF, bilan d'étape. Du dépit aux défis
Authors: Youx Viviane 
Published: February 2011

L’AFEF traverse une crise profonde : victime autant des coups de boutoirs régressifs que d’une baisse générale du militantisme. Elle continue pourtant à diffuser les valeurs fortes déjà affirmées par le Manifeste de Charbonnières. Son identité bicéphale, pédagogique et didactique, lui donne souvent plus d’affinités avec les mouvements pédagogiques qu’avec les associations de spécialistes. Et pourtant son parti pris d’une éducabilité pour tous se fonde sur une didactique de la littérature, de la langue, de l’oral..., convaincus qu’elle est de la place centrale que joue le français dans la formation des élèves. Malgré ses actions, rencontres-débats et relais internet, et sa revue, Le Français aujourd’hui , la méconnaissance dans laquelle vit l’AFEF aujourd’hui pourrait générer du dépit. Saura-t-elle relever les défis actuels : du numérique, du plurilinguisme, de la didactique, de la formation ? Avec quelles forces ?
Gas Transport Properties in Gas Diffusion Layers: A Lattice Boltzmann Study
Authors: Munekata Toshihisa , Inamuro Takaji , Hyodo Shi-aki 
Published: February 2011

AbstractThe lattice Boltzmann method is applied to the investigations of the diffusivity and the permeability in the gas diffusion layer (GDL) of the polymer electrolyte fuel cell (PEFC). The effects of the configuration of water droplets, the porosity of the GDL, the viscosity ratio of water to air, and the surface wettability of the GDL are investigated. From the simulations under the PEFC operating conditions, it is found that the heterogeneous water network and the high porosity improve the diffusivity and the permeability, and the hydrophobic surface decreases the permeability.
Healthcare Information Systems to Assess Influenza Outbreaks
Authors: Aliperti V. , Salazar E. , Otero C. , Schpilberg M. , Taliercio V. , Otero P. , González Bernaldo de Quirós F. , Figar S. 
Published: February 2011

Summary
Objective: To determine whether a private HIS could have detected the influenza epidemic outbreaks earlier through changes in morbidity and mortality patterns.
Methods: Data Source included a health information system (HIS) from an academic tertiary health care center integrating administrative and clinical applications. It used a local interface terminology server which provides support through data autocoding of clinical documentation. Specific data subsets were created to compare the burden of influenza during the epidemiological week (EW) 21 to 26 for years 2007 to 2009 among 150,000 Health Maintenance Organization members in Argentina. The threshold for identifying an epidemic was considered met when the weekly influenza-like illness (ILI) rate exceeded 200 per 100,000 visits. Case fatality rates and mortality rates of severe acute respiratory infection (SARI) from 2007 to 2009 were retrospectively compared. Case fatality rates and mortality rates for A/H1N1 influenza 2009 also were estimated.
Results: The HIS detected the outbreak in EW 23 while the government Ministry of Health (MoH) gave a national epidemic alert during EW 25. The number of visits for ILI increased more than fourfold when comparing 2009 to the period 2007-2008. The SARI mortality rate in 2009 was higher than in 2008 (RR 2.8; 95%CI 1.18-6.63) and similar to that of 2007 (RR 1.05; 95%CI 0.56-1.49). 2009 was the first year with mortalities younger than 65 years attributable to SARI. The estimated A/H1N1 case fatality rate for SARI was 6.2% (95%CI 2.5 to 15.5) and A/H1N1 mortality rate was 6 per 100,000 (95%CI 0 to 11.6).
Conclusion: Our HIS detected the outbreak two weeks before than the MoH gave a national alert. The information system was useful in assessing morbidity and mortality during the 2009 influenza epidemic H1N1 outbreak suggesting that with a private-public integration a more real-time outbreak and disease surveillance system could be implemented.
Carbon‐Nanotube‐Templated Microfabrication of Porous Silicon‐Carbon Materials with Application to Chemical Separations
Authors: Song Jun , Jensen David S. , Hutchison David N. , Turner Brendan , Wood Taylor , Dadson Andrew , Vail Michael A. , Linford Matthew R. , Vanfleet Richard R. , Davis Robert C. 
Published: February 2011

AbstractCarbon‐nanotube‐templated microfabrication (CNT‐M) of porous materials is demonstrated. Partial chemical infiltration of 3D carbon‐nanotube structures with silicon results in a mechanically robust material, structured from the 10 nm scale to the 100 μm scale. The nanoscale dimensions are determined by the diameter and spacing of the resulting silicon/carbon nanotubes, while the microscale dimensions are controlled by the lithographic patterning of the CNT growth catalyst. We demonstrate the utility of this hierarchical structuring approach by using CNT‐M to fabricate thin‐layer‐chromatography (TLC) separations media with precise microscale channels for fluid‐flow control and nanoscale porosity for high analyte capacity. Chemical separations done on the CNT‐M‐structured media outperform commercial high‐performance TLC media.
New Huprine Derivatives Functionalized at Position 9 as Highly Potent Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors
Authors: Ronco Cyril , Foucault Richard , Gillon Emilie , Bohn Pierre , Nachon Florian , Jean Ludovic , Renard Pierre‐Yves 
Published: February 2011

AbstractA series of 24 huprine derivatives diversely functionalized at position 9 have been synthesized and evaluated for their inhibitory activity against human recombinant acetylcholinesterase (AChE). These derivatives were prepared in one to five steps from huprine 1 bearing an ester function at position 9. Ten analogues (1, 2, 6–9, 13–15, and 23) are active in the low nanomolar range (IC50 <5 nM), very close to the parent compound huprine X. Compounds 2, 6, and 7 show a very good selectivity for AChE, with AChE inhibitory activities 700–1160‐fold higher than those for butyrylcholinesterase (BChE). The inhibitory potency of these compounds decreases with the steric bulk of the substituents at position 9. According to docking simulations, small substituents fit into the acyl‐binding pocket, whereas the larger ones stick out of the active site gorge of AChE. Determination of the kinetic parameters of three of the most potent huprines (2, 6, and 7) showed that most of the difference in KD is accounted by a decrease in kon, which is correlated to the increase of the substituent size. A first in vivo evaluation has been performed in mice for the most active compound 2 (IC50=1.1 nM) and showed a rather weak toxicity (LD50=40 mg kg−1) and an ability to cross the blood–brain barrier with doses above 15 mg kg−1.
Alkylation of Oxazolones and Related Heterocycles through an SN1 Reaction
Authors: Alba Andrea‐Nekane R. , Calbet Teresa , Font‐Bardía Mercé , Moyano Albert , Rios Ramon 
Published: February 2011

AbstractThe alkylation of oxazolones through an SN1 reaction by using stabilized carbocations is reported. The reaction (catalyzed by Brønsted acids, such as TFA or thioureas) affords the final compounds in excellent yields. Reaction with other heterocycles has also been studied, rendering pyrazolone or oxindole derivatives in good yields.
Quantitative determination of Bisphenol A from human saliva using bulk derivatization and trap-and-elute liquid chromatography coupled to electrospray ionization mass spectrometry
Authors: Yang Samuel H , Morgan Aaron A , Nguyen Hien P , Moore Hannah , Figard Benjamin J , Schug Kevin A 
Published: February 2011

Abstract
Endocrine disruptors cause adverse health effects as a result of their ability to shift the hormonal balance that is essential to the body. Bisphenol A (BPA) is an endocrine disruptor that has garnered much attention because of its presence in many consumer materials, which generates a significant risk for exposure. A method is presented for rapid detection of oral exposure to BPA directly from human saliva. Saliva was chosen because it serves as a noninvasive sampling route to detect BPA exposure; however, it is one of many complex biological matrices that have traditionally posed problems in quantitative analysis. Such analyses usually require extensive sample preparation to reduce interferences contributed by the sample matrix. Three validated methods are presented here that feature a streamlined sample-preparation strategy (bulk derivatization) prior to accurate and sensitive analysis by trap-and-elute liquid chromatography coupled to electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. Validated methods include standard addition calibration with variable injection volumes and multiple injection loading, as well as with incorporation of an internal standard. Reported limits of detection reached as low as 49.0 pg/ml (2.9 pg loaded on-column; equivalent to parts per trillion in saliva) among the presented methods with good accuracy and precision throughout. A proof-of-concept study is demonstrated to show that the final validated method has potential application to specific studies for trace-level BPA detection from real samples. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2011; 30:1243–1251. © 2011 SETAC
Response predictions for organisms water-exposed to metal mixtures: A meta-analysis
Authors: Vijver Martina G , Elliott Elise G , Peijnenburg Willie J.G.M , de Snoo Geert R 
Published: February 2011

Abstract
To develop a multimetal toxicity model requires insight into the relationships between the composition of metal mixtures and their toxicological effects on organisms. As a first step in developing such a model, quantitative data from binary and higher mixture studies of Cu, Cd, and Zn were compiled and used to assess trends in toxicological effects on various organisms. The findings of this meta-analysis show relatively little occurrence of additive effects compared with antagonistic and synergistic effects. This observation held true irrespective of test species, environmental compartment, or metal concentrations in the mixture. However, the type of effect was significantly correlated with the metal combination tested and the selected toxicological endpoint. It was also found that different methods were used for assessing deviation from additivity in the various individual studies. For robust comparison, standardization on this point is required. Toxicological responses of organisms to metal mixtures were shown to be hard to predict and were often slightly less than or slightly more than additive. The interactions observed could not be explained by metal–metal interactions alone. We therefore conclude that with current scientific knowledge it is not yet possible to predict responses to metal mixtures in individual cases; at best this is possible only in terms of general patterns. Nevertheless, in the context of environmental risk policy, the assumption of additivity produces a conservative prediction of toxicity, because toxicity of a metal mixture will be either predicted correctly or overpredicted by default in approximately 75% of all cases. The use of models based on noninteraction is satisfactory from this regulatory perspective. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2011; 30:1482–1487. © 2011 SETAC
Uptake from water, biotransformation, and biliary excretion of pharmaceuticals by rainbow trout
Authors: Lahti Marja , Brozinski Jenny-Maria , Jylhä Antti , Kronberg Leif , Oikari Aimo 
Published: February 2011

Abstract
An urgent need exists to assess the exposure of fish to pharmaceuticals. The aim of the present study was to assess the uptake and metabolism of waterborne pharmaceuticals in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). A further objective was to determine the possibility of monitoring exposure to low levels of pharmaceuticals by bile assays. Rainbow trout were exposed for 10 d under flow-through conditions to mixtures of five pharmaceuticals (diclofenac, naproxen, ibuprofen, bisoprolol, and carbamazepine) at high and low concentrations. The low concentration was used to mimic the conditions prevailing in the vicinity of the discharge points of wastewater treatment plants. The uptake and the bioconcentration were determined by blood plasma and bile analyses. The average bioconcentration factor in plasma ranged from below 0.1 for bisoprolol to 4.9 for diclofenac, the values being approximately similar at low and high ambient concentrations. The biotransformation of diclofenac, naproxen, and ibuprofen was considered efficient, because several metabolites could be detected in concentrations clearly exceeding those of the unmetabolized compounds. The glucuronides were the dominant metabolites for all three pharmaceuticals. The total bioconcentration in the bile was two to four orders of magnitude higher than in the plasma. The results of this work show that the exposure of fish to pharmaceuticals in environmentally relevant concentrations may be monitored by blood plasma and bile analyses, the latter allowing detection at markedly lower ambient concentration. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2011; 30:1403–1411. © 2011 SETAC
Input pathways of organochlorine pesticides to typical freshwater cultured fish ponds of South China: Hints for pollution control
Authors: Zhang Bao-Zhong , Yu Huan-Yun , You Jing , Zeng Eddy Y 
Published: February 2011

Abstract
Air, rain, pond water, bank soil, pond sediment, fish feed, and fish were sampled from four freshwater cultured fish ponds (FWCFPs) in rural areas within the Pearl River Delta (PRD) of South China. Compositional analyses indicated that historical residues were the main sources of DDXs (defined as the sum of dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), dichlorodiphenyldichloroethane (DDD), and dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (DDE) and 1-chloro-2,2-bis(4-chlorophenyl)ethane (p,p′-DDMU)), and hexachlorocyclohexanes (HCHs) in the FWCFPs. The input fluxes to the FWCFPs were estimated at 4.0, 1.6, 15, and −0.92 µg/m2·year for DDXs and 3.8, 0.92, 2.9, and −1.4 µg/m2·year for HCHs for dry deposition, wet deposition, feeding, and net air-water exchange in Dongguan, and 3.8, 1.2, 137, and −1.2 µg/m2·year for DDXs and 3.6, 0.66, 5.0, and −1.0 µg/m2·year for HCHs in Shunde, respectively. These results indicated that fish feed was the dominant input source of DDXs to the FWCFPs. As for HCHs, fluxes via dry deposition and feeding were similar and slightly higher than those via wet deposition. Biological effects due to the occurrence of DDXs in the FWCFPs were minimal, and consumption of freshwater fish from the PRD appeared to pose insignificant risk to human health based on some existing regulations and guidelines. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2011; 30:1272–1277. © 2011 SETAC
Evaluating traditional Chinese medicine using modern clinical trial design and statistical methodology: application to a randomized controlled acupuncture trial
Authors: Lao Lixing , Huang Yi , Feng Chiguang , Berman Brian M. , Tan Ming T. 
Published: February 2011

AbstractTraditional Chinese medicine (TCM), used in China and other Asian counties for thousands of years, is increasingly utilized in Western countries. However, due to inherent differences in how Western medicine and this ancient modality are practiced, employing the so‐called Western medicine‐based gold standard research methods to evaluate TCM is challenging. This paper is a discussion of the obstacles inherent in the design and statistical analysis of clinical trials of TCM. It is based on our experience in designing and conducting a randomized controlled clinical trial of acupuncture for post‐operative dental pain control in which acupuncture was shown to be statistically and significantly better than placebo in lengthening the median survival time to rescue drug. We demonstrate here that PH assumptions in the common Cox model did not hold in that trial and that TCM trials warrant more thoughtful modeling and more sophisticated models of statistical analysis. TCM study design entails all the challenges encountered in trials of drugs, devices, and surgical procedures in the Western medicine. We present possible solutions to some but leave many issues unresolved. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Feline Cryptococcosis
Authors: Trivedi Sameer R , Malik Richard , Meyer Wieland , Sykes Jane E 
Published: February 2011

Disease summary Cryptococcosis, principally caused by Cryptococcus neoformans and Cryptococcus gattii, is the most common systemic mycosis of cats worldwide. Cats may be infected following inhalation of spores from the environment, with the nasal cavity suspected as being the initial site of colonization and subsequent infection. Other sites of infection in cats are the skin, lungs, lymph nodes, central nervous system (CNS), eyes and, occasionally, periarticular connective tissue. Cryptococcosis can be diagnosed using serology (antigen testing), cytologic examination of smears, histopathology or culture. Treatment of localized disease is generally successful using azole antifungal drugs; however, cats with CNS involvement or disseminated disease require additional treatment with amphotericin B, with or without flucytosine. The prognosis is variable, depending on host and pathogen factors. Some cats require long-term (>1 year) treatment or indefinite therapy. Patient group Cats of any breed, gender and age may be affected. Retroviral status does not appear to be a risk factor for developing cryptococcosis and indoor cats are not protected from disease. Global importance Feline cryptococcosis occurs worldwide, but is most frequently reported in Australia, western Canada and the western United States. Species and molecular type vary in different geographical regions and may affect clinical presentation and antifungal susceptibility patterns. Clinical challenges Serologic tests that detect cryptococcal antigen in serum are sensitive and specific, but false negatives can occur in cats with localized disease. Long-term drug therapy can be expensive and has the potential for toxicity. The extent to which the pathogenicity and antifungal susceptibility is affected by molecular type is currently under study. Evidence base This review draws on recent literature relating to epidemiology, CNS involvement and advanced diagnostic imaging to update clinicians regarding research findings relevant to clinical practice.
Congenital Portosystemic Shunts in Cats
Authors: Tivers Michael , Lipscomb Victoria 
Published: February 2011

Practical relevance Although a relatively uncommon condition, the investigation, diagnosis and initial medical management of feline congenital portosystemic shunts is often undertaken within general practice. Early recognition and appropriate treatment are important to ensure a good outcome. Clinical challenges Clinical signs associated with CPSSs in cats are extremely variable and can be intermittent. Signs can affect a variety of organ systems including the nervous system, and gastrointestinal and urinary tracts. Thus, the differential diagnosis list may be very long and a CPSS may not be suspected initially. More specific diagnostic tests and diagnostic imaging are indicated but may not be 100% accurate and may not be readily available to the general practitioner. Audience This review highlights challenging aspects of the investigation and management of CPSSs for the practising veterinarian, but is also relevant to postgraduate students and provides a practical summary for specialists. Patient group In practice, domestic shorthairs make up the majority of cats with CPSSs. However, Siamese, Persian and Himalayan cats may be more commonly affected than other purebreeds. While cats with CPSSs are typically under 6 months old, the condition is seen in mature animals, which may not have exhibited clinical signs for months or years. Evidence base Despite several retrospective studies of cats with CPSSs, the evidence base for management of the condition remains limited.