bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Functional neuroimaging studies of aging and emotion: Fronto-amygdalar differences during emotional perception and episodic memory
Authors: ST. JACQUES PEGGY L. , BESSETTE-SYMONS BRANDY , CABEZA ROBERTO 
Published: August 2009

AbstractEmotional processes are enhanced in aging, such that aging is characterized by superior emotional regulation. This article provides a brief review of the neural bases supporting this effect with a focus on functional neuroimaging studies of perception and episodic memory. The most consistent finding across these studies is that older adults show an alteration in the recruitment of the amygdala, but greater recruitment of the frontal cortex. These Fronto-amygdalar Age-related Differences in Emotion (FADE) may reflect emotional regulation strategies mediated by frontal brain regions that dampen emotion-related activations in the amygdala. (JINS, 2009, 15, 819–825.)
Hippocampal volume and declarative memory function in combat-related PTSD
Authors: WOODWARD STEVEN H. , KALOUPEK DANNY G. , GRANDE LAURA J. , STEGMAN WENDY K. , KUTTER CATHERINE J. , LESKIN LORAINE , PRESTEL REBECCA , SCHAER MARIE , REISS ALLAN L. , ELIEZ STEPHAN 
Published: August 2009

AbstractThe proposition that declarative memory deficits are systematically related to smaller hippocampal volume was tested in a relatively large sample (n = 95) of U.S. military veterans with and without combat-related posttraumatic stress disorder. This correlative analysis was extended by including multiple measures of verbal and visual declarative memory and multiple memory-relevant regional brain volumes that had been shown to exhibit main effects of PTSD in prior work. Small-to-moderate effects were observed on verbal declarative memory in line with a recent meta-analysis; nevertheless, little or no evidence of systematic linear covariation between memory measures and brain volumes was observed. (JINS, 2009, 15, 830–839.)
The determinants and longitudinal course of post-stroke mild cognitive impairment
Authors: SACHDEV PERMINDER S. , CHEN XIAOHUA , BRODATY HENRY , THOMPSON CLAIRE , ALTENDORF ANNETTE , WEN WEI 
Published: August 2009

AbstractWhile post-stroke dementia has been extensively investigated, the large number of patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) following stroke has received less attention, and reports on the longitudinal course of such impairment are inconsistent in their findings. We examined patients with MCI (n= 45) or no cognitive impairment (NCI) (n= 59), based on consensus criteria following detailed neuropsychological assessments and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans, and compared them with healthy control subjects (n= 84), all of whom were assessed at two time points, 3 years apart. The MCI at baseline in this group was judged to be vascular in etiology (vaMCI). Incident dementia was diagnosed in 24.4% of vaMCI and 8.5% of NCI subjects and no control subjects over 3 years, giving a rate of conversion of approximately 8% per year in post-stroke vaMCI. The vaMCI group showed greater decline in logical memory than the NCI group. Within the vaMCI group, those who developed dementia had great decline in language and executive function. Compared with NCI patients, those with vaMCI had more vascular risk factors and more white matter hyperintensities on MRI at baseline, but did not differ in their brain or hippocampal volumes. Neither MRI volumetric measures nor interval cerebrovascular events predicted decline in function. The major determinant of decline and categorical transition was impaired performance at baseline, suggesting that those with mild impairment post-stroke are more vulnerable to subsequent decline. (JINS, 2009,15, 915–923.)
Erratum: Unique archaeal assemblages in the Arctic Ocean unveiled by massively parallel tag sequencing
Authors: Galand Pierre E , Casamayor Emilio O , Kirchman David L , Potvin Marianne , Lovejoy Connie 
Published: August 2009

Abstract
Correction to: The ISME Journal (2009) 7, 860–869; doi:10.1038/ismej.2009.23 Since the publication of this paper, the authors have noticed an error in Table 1. The correct table is shown here. The authors apologize for this error.
Aortic dissection in pregnancy: A life‐threatening disease and a diagnosis of worth considering
Authors: NASIELL JOSEFINE , NORMAN MIKAEL , LINDQVIST PELLE G , MALMSTEDT JONAS , BOTTINGA ROGER , BLENNOW MATS 
Published: August 2009

AbstractAcute aortic dissection is a life‐threatening disease. To increase the awareness of this diagnosis as a cause of feto‐maternal mortality during pregnancy, we have analyzed risk factors using information from five pregnant women admitted for acute aortic dissection to the Karolinska University Hospital over an eight‐year period (1999–2007). Four of the women died and only one survived. One fetus was stillborn and all newborn infants showed signs of asphyxia at birth. Of the women, who were on average five years above the mean age for delivery in Sweden, three had hypertension, two had first‐degree relatives with aortic dissection which had occurred during the second half of pregnancy (gestational age at diagnosis 26–41 weeks). The most common presenting symptoms were severe back, abdominal and leg pain, and confusion. If a rapid diagnosis is not made, the risk of mortality for both mother and fetus is high. The incidence of aortic rupture during pregnancy in Sweden appears to be 14.5/1,000,000 and the case maternal fatality ratio 4.4/1,000,000.
Quantitative assessment of 99mtc-depreotide uptake in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer: immunohistochemical correlations
Authors: Herlin G. , Kölbeck K.-G. , Menzel P. L. , Svensson L. , Aspelin P. , Capitanio A. , Axelsson R. 
Published: August 2009

Background: Somatostatin receptor (SSTR) scintigraphy with 99mTc-depreotide is used for differential diagnosis of solitary pulmonary nodules. The method is based on SSTR expression in cancer tissue. Purpose: To estimate the expression of SSTRs in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in vitro, and to determine the correlation between 99mTc-depreotide uptake in vivo and different tumor characteristics determined in vitro, such as tumor grade, and presence of SSTR2, MIB-1, and p53. Material and Methods: A total of 127 patients with lung lesions detected on computed tomography (CT) were investigated with SSTR scintigraphy after injection of 740 MBq 99mTc-depreotide. This study includes 19 patients with NSCLC with histologically proven diagnosis. The quantitative evaluation of 99mTc-depreotide was performed using region-of-interest analysis and includes tumor counts/cm3, background counts/cm3, and the ratio between tumor and background counts. Results: 99mTc-depreotide uptake was found in all NSCLC tumors, which expressed SSTR2 defined in vitro by immunochemical methods. SSTR2 expression was negatively correlated to the degree of the tumor's differentiation ( P<0.05). 99mTc-depreotide uptake in tumor cells did not correlate with tumor grade, or SSTR2, MIB-1, or p53 expression. Conclusion: There is an expression of SSTRs in NSCLC. The degree of tumor differentiation correlates negatively with SSTR2 measured in vitro and positively with MIB-1 expression in tumor tissue. No correlation was found between 99mTc-depreotide uptake and possible prognostic factors such as MIB-1 and p53 expression in tumor cells in NSCLC. Lastly, no correlation was found between 99mTc-depreotide uptake and tumor grade or SSTR2 expression.
I’ll Have What She’s Having: Effects of Social Influence and Body Type on the Food Choices of Others
Authors: McFerran Brent , Dahl Darren W. , Fitzsimons Gavan J. , Morales Andrea C. 
Published: August 2009

Abstract
This research examines how the body type of consumers affects the food consumption of other consumers around them. We find that consumers anchor on the quantities others around them select but that these portions are adjusted according to the body type of the other consumer. We find that people choose a larger portion following another consumer who first selects a large quantity but that this portion is significantly smaller if the other is obese than if she is thin. We also find that the adjustment is more pronounced for consumers who are low in appearance self-esteem and that it is attenuated under cognitive load.
Auxin Biosynthesis in Pea: Characterization of the Tryptamine Pathway
Authors: Quittenden Laura J. , Davies Noel W. , Smith Jason A. , Molesworth Peter P. , Tivendale Nathan D. , Ross John J. 
Published: August 2009

AbstractOne pathway leading to the bioactive auxin, indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), is known as the tryptamine pathway, which is suggested to proceed in the sequence: tryptophan (Trp), tryptamine, N-hydroxytryptamine, indole-3-acetaldoxime, indole-3-acetaldehyde (IAAld), IAA. Recently, this pathway has been characterized by the YUCCA genes in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) and their homologs in other species. YUCCA is thought to be responsible for the conversion of tryptamine to N-hydroxytryptamine. Here we complement the genetic findings with a compound-based approach in pea (Pisum sativum), detecting potential precursors by gas chromatography/tandem-mass spectrometry. In addition, we have synthesized deuterated forms of many of the intermediates involved, and have used them to quantify the endogenous compounds, and to investigate their metabolic fates. Trp, tryptamine, IAAld, indole-3-ethanol, and IAA were detected as endogenous constituents, whereas indole-3-acetaldoxime and one of its products, indole-3-acetonitrile, were not detected. Metabolism experiments indicated that the tryptamine pathway to IAA in pea roots proceeds in the sequence: Trp, tryptamine, IAAld, IAA, with indole-3-ethanol as a side-branch product of IAAld. N-hydroxytryptamine was not detected, but we cannot exclude that it is an intermediate between tryptamine and IAAld, nor can we rule out the possibility of a Trp-independent pathway operating in pea roots.
Incommensurately modulated lanthanide coinage-metal diarsenides. II. GdCuAs2, GdAu1−δAs2 and TbAu1−δAs2 – new distortion variants of the HfCuSi2 type with irregularly stacked zigzag chains of arsenic atoms
Authors: Rutzinger D. , Bartsch C. , Doert Th. , Ruck M. 
Published: August 2009

GdCuAs2, GdAu1−δAs2 and TbAu1−δAs2 crystallize as incommensurately modulated variants of the HfCuSi2 type. Structure models have been developed in the monoclinic superspace group P121/m1(α0γ)00 (No. 11.1). The components of the modulation wavevectors q = αa* + 0b* + γc* are α = 0.04 (1) and γ = 0.48 (1) for GdCuAs2, α = 0.03 (1) and γ = 0.48 (1) for GdAu1−δAs2 and α = 0.02 (1) and γ = 0.46 (1) for TbAu1−δAs2. The predominant effect of the positional modulation is the distortion of a square net of arsenic atoms, which results in planar zigzag chains. Rod groups and layer groups of the respective structure motifs are identified and discussed.
Reconstructing the origins of praying mantises (Dictyoptera, Mantodea): the roles of Gondwanan vicariance and morphological convergence
Authors: Svenson Gavin J. , Whiting Michael F. 
Published: August 2009

AbstractA comprehensive taxonomic sampling of Mantodea (praying mantises), covering virtually all higher‐level groups, was assembled to reconstruct the phylogeny of the order. Sequence data were generated from five mitochondrial and four nuclear loci (12S rRNA, 16S rRNA, 18S rRNA, 28S rRNA, Histone III, Cytochrome Oxidase I & II, NADH dehydrogenase subunit 4, and Wingless) for 329 mantis exemplars along with seven cockroach and eight termite species. Only seven of 14 families, 14 of 33 subfamilies, and seven of 14 tribes were recovered as monophyletic, indicating that phylogeny is largely incongruent with classification. Mapping biogeographical regions on the phylogeny demonstrated that our results adhere closer to biogeographical distributions than to classification. Specific patterns in distribution suggest that major morphological convergences have confounded taxonomists’ ability to reconstruct natural groups. A major revision of higher‐level relationships is in order through a comprehensive investigation of morphology and molecular data. We found that major mantis lineages diverged prior to and during the isolation of geographical regions and subsequent ecomorphic specializations within these regions may have led to convergences in morphology. Divergence time estimation places the origin of Mantodea at the beginning of the Jurassic with most modern mantises originating on Gondwana in the Cretaceous. The first major divergence among modern mantises occurred as a result of the north–south splitting of South America and Africa. Subsequent divergences resulted from the breakup of Gondwana. The position of the Indian subcontinent appears to be central to the diversification of Afrotropical and Indomalayan mantises while Antarctica may have served as the conduit for the mantis invasions into South America and Australasia. When India separated from Antarctica and drifted north it distributed mantis lineages back into the Afrotropics and carried a diverse taxonomic assemblage to Asia.
Comparison of phylogenetic signal between male genitalia and non‐genital characters in insect systematics
Authors: Song Hojun , Bucheli Sibyl R. 
Published: August 2009

AbstractIt is generally accepted that male genitalia evolve more rapidly and divergently relative to non‐genital traits due to sexual selection, but there is little quantitative comparison of the pattern of evolution between these character sets. Moreover, despite the fact that genitalia are still among the most widely used characters in insect systematics, there is an idea that the rate of evolution is too rapid for genital characters to be useful in forming clades. Based on standard measures of fit used in cladistic analyses, we compare levels of homoplasy and synapomorphy between genital and non‐genital characters of published data sets and demonstrate that phylogenetic signal between these two character sets is statistically similar. This pattern is found consistently across different insect orders at different taxonomic hierarchical levels. We argue that the fact that male genitalia are under sexual selection and thus diverge rapidly does not necessarily equate with the lack of phylogenetic signal, because characters that evolve by descent with modification make appropriate characters for a phylogenetic analysis, regardless of the rate of evolution. We conclude that male genitalia are a composite character consisting of different components diverging separately, which make them ideal characters for phylogenetic analyses, providing information for resolving varying levels of hierarchy.© The Willi Hennig Society 2009.
Sinai Tschulok (1875–1945)—a pioneer of Cladistics
Authors: Rieppel Olivier 
Published: August 2009

AbstractSinai Tschulok emigrated from the Ukraine to Switzerland, where he studied natural sciences, in particular biology. He founded and managed his own high school, which prepared students for entry to university‐level education. This left him little time for research, which may explain why his work largely fell into oblivion. He did publish two influential books, however (Tschulok, S., 1910, Das System der Biologie in Forschung und Lehre, Gustav Fischer, Jena and Tschulok, S., 1922, Deszendenzlehre, Gustav Fischer, Jena), which were cited and commented upon favourably by both Walter Zimmermann and Willi Hennig. The most important point, in their opinion, was how Tschulok’s explication of biological systematics had turned the “natural system” into a proof for the “Theory of Descent”. The influence of Walter Zimmermann on Willi Hennig and the development of phylogenetic systematics is well known. Here some parts of Tschulok’s writings are discussed that render him a pioneer in Cladistics.© The Willi Hennig Society 2009.
Case of multiple cutaneous granular cell tumors
Authors: HATTA Junko , YANAGIHARA Makoto , HASEI Maki , ABE Shinya , TANABE Hiroshi , MOCHIZUKI Takashi 
Published: August 2009

AbstractGranular cell tumor is an uncommon, benign tumor, which mainly occurs on the skin, tongue and oral cavity as a single nodule. Multiple granular cell tumors are rare, with the incidence reported to vary from 7–29% in adult cases of the tumor. We describe a case of multiple cutaneous granular cell tumors in the right lumber and back regions along with a brief review of the published work on multiple cutaneous granular cell tumors.
Identification of a WT1 protein‐derived peptide, WT1187, as a HLA‐A*0206‐restricted, WT1‐specific CTL epitope
Authors: Li Zheyu , Oka Yoshihiro , Tsuboi Akihiro , Fujiki Fumihiro , Harada Yukie , Nakajima Hiroko , Masuda Tomoki , Fukuda Yoko , Kawakatsu Mai , Morimoto Soyoko , Katagiri Takamasa , Tatsumi Naoya , Hosen Naoki , Shirakata Toshiaki , Nishida Sumiyuki , Kawakami Yutaka , Udaka Keiko , Kawase Ichiro , Oji Yusuke , Sugiyama Haruo 
Published: August 2009

ABSTRACTThe Wilms' tumor gene WT1 is overexpressed in various kinds of hematopoietic malignancies as well as solid cancers, and this protein has been demonstrated to be an attractive target antigen for cancer immunotherapy. WT1‐specific CTL epitopes with a restriction of HLA‐A*2402 or HLA‐A*0201 have been already identified. In the present study it has been demonstrated that a 9‐mer WT1‐derived WT1187 peptide, which had already been shown to elicit a WT1‐specific CTL response with a restriction of HLA‐A*0201, can also elicit a CTL response with a restriction of HLA‐A*0206. In all three different HLA‐A*0206+ healthy donors examined, WT1187 peptide‐specific CTL could be generated from peripheral blood mononuclear cells, and the CTL showed cytotoxic activity that depended on dual expression of WT1 and HLA‐A*0206 molecules. The present study describes the first identification of a HLA‐A*0206‐restricted, WT1‐specific CTL epitope. The present results should help to broaden the application of WT1 peptide‐based immunotherapy from only HLA‐A*0201‐positive to HLA‐A*0206‐positive cancer patients as well.
Diagnosis of toxic shock syndrome by two different systems; clinical criteria and monitoring of TSST‐1‐reactive T cells
Authors: Matsuda Yoshio , Kato Hidehito , Ono Erina , Kikuchi Ken , Muraoka Mitsue , Takagi Koichiro , Imanishi Ken'ichi , Itoh Shun'ichi , Itoh Tatsuo , Ogawa Tetsuya , Nitta Kosaku , Inokuchi Sayaka , Hibi Toshifumi , Ohta Hiroaki , Uchiyama Takehiko 
Published: August 2009

ABSTRACTTwo methods of TSS diagnosis were evaluated: comparison of symptoms with clinical criteria and monitoring for evidence of selective activation of Vβ2+ T cells by the causative toxin, TSS toxin‐1 (TSST‐1). Ten patients with acute and systemic febrile infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus were monitored for increase in TSST‐1‐reactive Vβ2+ T cells during their clinical courses. Nine of the ten patients were diagnosed with TSS based on evidence of selective activation of Vβ2+ T cells by TSST‐1; however, clinical symptoms met the clinical criteria for TSS in only six of these nine patients. In the remaining patient, clinical symptoms met the clinical criteria, but selective activation of Vβ2+ T cells was not observed. Time taken to reach the diagnosis of TSS could be significantly shortened by utilizing the findings from tracing Vβ2+ T cells. In vitro studies showed that TSST‐1‐ reactive T cells from TSS patients were anergic in the early phase of their illness. Examining selective activation of Vβ2+ T cells could be a useful tool to supplement clinical criteria for early diagnosis of TSS.
Immunoreactivity of five antigens of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in patients attending a public health care facility in an area with high endemicity for TB
Authors: Silva Vania Maria C , Sardella Isabela Gama , Luiz Ronir Raggio , Cunha Antonio José Ledo A. , Cavalcanti Aline H. , Mahavir Singh , Barreto Miriam Menna , Rodrigues Rosana Souza , Carvalho Thaís Ferrão , Saad Maria Helena Féres 
Published: August 2009

ABSTRACTThe objective of this study was to evaluate people attending a primary health clinic in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil for immunoreactivity to five Mycobacterium tuberculosis antigens, as these antigens are markers of immune response and factors associated with active TB. The serum antibody titers of different categories of patients (defined by microbiological and radiological characteristics and by response to therapy on follow‐up) to 38 kDa, 16 kDa, MPT64, ESAT‐6 and MT10.3 antigens were determined blind with ELISA. Positive tests to each antigen were defined with ROC analysis. OR were calculated for factors associated with humoral response in patients with active TB. A total of 201 patients underwent serological testing. Patients with confirmed active TB responded more frequently to MPT64 (44%), 16 kDa (37.7%) and 38 kDa (36.1%). ESAT‐6 and MT10.3 were also able to distinguish people in TB groups from controls. TB infected subjects responded less frequently to ESAT‐6 and MT10.3 (3.7% and 11%, respectively). Sensitivity and specificity to all antigens combined were 58.4% and 60.7%, respectively. Reactivity to 38 kDa and to MPT64 was more likely among alcohol users OR 2.61 (95%CI;1.05–6.94) and OR 3.27 (95%CI;1.33–8.15), respectively. 16 kDa antigen elicited a more protective response among smokers, OR 0.29 (95%CI; 0.10–0.83). It was concluded that reactivity to all antigens tested represented markers of active disease. ESAT‐6 and MT10.3 could not be identified as markers of TB infection in this community. Sensitivity was higher to all antigens combined, but at a cost of lower specificity. Interestingly, among factors associated with positive immunoreactivity, alcohol use and smoking seem to polarize the humoral response in different directions. This finding deserves further investigation.
High frequency jet ventilation through a supraglottic airway device: a case series of patients undergoing extra‐corporeal shock wave lithotripsy
Authors: Canty D. J. , Dhara S. S. 
Published: August 2009

SummaryHigh frequency jet ventilation has been shown to be beneficial during extra‐corporeal shock wave lithotripsy as it reduces urinary calculus movement which increases lithotripsy efficiency with better utilisation of shockwave energy and less patient exposure to tissue trauma. In all reports, sub‐glottic high frequency jet ventilation was delivered through a tracheal tube or a jet catheter requiring paralysis and direct laryngoscopy. In this study, a simple method using supraglottic jet ventilation through a laryngeal mask attached to a circle absorber anaesthetic breathing system is described. The technique avoids the need for dense neuromuscular blockade for laryngoscopy and the potential complications associated with sub‐glottic instrumentation and sub‐glottic jet ventilation. The technique was successfully employed in a series of patients undergoing lithotripsy under general anaesthesia as an outpatient procedure.
p.Asn176Lys and p.Met137Thr dimorphisms of the PRNP gene significantly decrease the susceptibility to classical scrapie in ARQ/ARQ sheep
Authors: Maestrale C. , Carta A. , Attene S. , Galistu A. , Santucciu C. , Cancedda M. G. , Saba M. , Sechi S. , Patta C. , Bandino E. , Ligios C. 
Published: August 2009

SummaryIn this study, we investigated the susceptibility to scrapie of Sarda breed sheep carrying the genotype ARQ/ARQ with additional polymorphisms at the PRNP gene. To do this, we examined 256 scrapie‐affected sheep and 320 flock‐mate negative controls from 24 flocks. Logistic regression analysis demonstrated that sheep carrying the ARQ/ARQ genotype with additional dimorphisms had lower risk of becoming scrapie affected when compared with those with ARQ/ARQwildtype genotype. ARQ/ARQ genotypes that were detected with heterozygous or homozygous p.Asn176Lys and p.Met137Thr dimorphisms were associated with the lowest susceptibility to the disease. A significant lower risk was also associated with the p.Arg154His dimorphism, while p.Leu141Phe had a protective effect that was not statistically significant.