bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Primary mitochondrial diseases: The intertwined pathophysiology of bioenergetic dysregulation, oxidative stress and neuroinflammation
Authors: Aguilar Kevin , Jakubek Patrycja , Zorzano Antonio , Wieckowski Mariusz R. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractObjectives and scopePrimary mitochondrial diseases (PMDs) are rare genetic disorders resulting from mutations in genes crucial for effective oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) that can affect mitochondrial function. In this review, we examine the bioenergetic alterations and oxidative stress observed in cellular models of primary mitochondrial diseases (PMDs), shedding light on the intricate complexity between mitochondrial dysfunction and cellular pathology. We explore the diverse cellular models utilized to study PMDs, including patient‐derived fibroblasts, induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) and cybrids. Moreover, we also emphasize the connection between oxidative stress and neuroinflammation.InsightsThe central nervous system (CNS) is particularly vulnerable to mitochondrial dysfunction due to its dependence on aerobic metabolism and the correct functioning of OXPHOS. Similar to other neurodegenerative diseases affecting the CNS, individuals with PMDs exhibit several neuroinflammatory hallmarks alongside neurodegeneration, a pattern also extensively observed in mouse models of mitochondrial diseases. Based on histopathological analysis of postmortem human brain tissue and findings in mouse models of PMDs, we posit that neuroinflammation is not merely a consequence of neurodegeneration but a potential pathogenic mechanism for disease progression that deserves further investigation. This recognition may pave the way for novel therapeutic strategies for this group of devastating diseases that currently lack effective treatments.SummaryIn summary, this review provides a comprehensive overview of bioenergetic alterations and redox imbalance in cellular models of PMDs while underscoring the significance of neuroinflammation as a potential driver in disease progression.
No‐choice oviposition preferences predict neighborhood effects among host plants in a model system
Authors: Blum Ashley , Dodson Hannah , Sperber Kristen , Sveda Alyson , Merwin Andrew C. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Neighbouring plant species can indirectly affect each other's fitness through insect herbivores. For instance, the number of eggs an insect deposits on a focal plant can be influenced by the presence of a neighbouring plant species because of the herbivore's relative host plant preferences. Yet, the relationship between oviposition preferences (measured in no‐choice tests) and the strength and direction of such indirect effects among neighbouring plants remains poorly understood.
We performed a lab experiment using bean beetles (Callosobruchus maculatus) and five species of beans to determine if beetles' no‐choice preferences for a neighbouring bean species correlated with the number of eggs laid on a focal species in two‐species environments (diculture).
We predicted that as the preference for the neighbouring beans increased compared to the focal host, beetles would lay fewer eggs on the focal bean host.
Across all pair‐wise combinations, our prediction was supported: as the relative no‐choice preference of neighbouring beans increased, the number of eggs laid on focal beans decreased. However, this relationship was relatively weak. We also found that beetles tended to lay more eggs in diculture compared to arenas with one bean species.
These results provide empirical evidence linking herbivores' no‐choice preferences to the strength of neighbourhood effects and suggest that even within a relatively controlled environment, neighbourhood effects can be weak. Our results also highlight that unexpected changes to the total number of eggs laid by herbivores in mixed‐plant patches relative to monoculture can complicate predictions.
Life after isolation: Reconstructing the phylogenetic identity and a centennial chronology of historical Cryphonectria isolates
Authors: Cornejo Carolina , Beenken Ludwig 
Published: April 2024

AbstractFungi of the genus Cryphonectria are of special interest to tree pathologists because they cause bark disease in numerous species of the Fagaceae and Betulaceae. Despite this special attention, several Cryphonectria species were not recognized as such for a long time. This also affected the identity of eight isolates with outdated names that have been deposited in our laboratory since 1954. The present study reconstructs the history of the Cryphonectria cultures M282–M289 using primary bibliographic sources. To verify the species identity, all isolates were DNA barcoded and taxonomic affiliation was assessed using a phylogenetic approach. The taxonomic identity combined with the history of the isolates confirms that the chestnut blight epidemic (Cryphonectria parasitica) in Spain was caused by the planting of Asian chestnuts and that the first documented case of bark canker in 1940 was caused by Cryphonectria radicalis on Japanese chestnuts imported from France. The history of isolate M289 could be traced back to CBS 165.32, which proved to be the oldest preserved isolate of the rare Cryphonectria naterciae, confirming the presence of this fungus in Europe for at least 100 years. Based on the ITS barcoding of the 32‐year‐old type specimen, Cryphonectria decipiens must be reclassified as a later synonym of Cryphonectria radicalis. The reconstruction of the history of isolates M282–M289 takes us on a scientific journey from Italy to France, Spain and Portugal in the early twentieth century and offers new insights into the historical context of the invasion of Cryphonectria parasitica in Europe.
Higher education and economic development: A bibliometric analysis 1985–2022
Authors: Agasisti Tommaso , Petrenko Olesya 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe economic impact of resource investments into higher education has been the focus of considerable research in recent years. Many contributions analyse the strength of the connection between economic development and higher education at the local level and the conditions which make certain systems more effective and efficient than others. In this paper, we provide a systematic bibliometric review of the available literature on the subject, various dimensions of this complex issue, constructing and analysing a map of variables used by selected researchers in the field. A summary of knowledge gaps, research limitations, topics explored and applied methods is provided to envisage future research in this field.
Enhanced student joy in learning environment; understanding and influencing the process
Authors: Cronqvist Marita 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIn education, there is a risk that joy in learning is counteracted by allowing a performance culture to dominate. Research shows that emotions are of great importance for results, motivation and well‐being. This study aims to add knowledge about the essential meanings of joy in learning based on students' lived experiences and thereby implications for the learning environment. The essence of the phenomenon of joy in learning has been formulated through descriptive phenomenological analysis. Qualitative data consists of 25 narratives from students engaged in voluntary forms of education. The study shows that joy in learning emerges throughout the learning process, when students discover that they gain knowledge, understand and can control their learning process and achieve something with their knowledge. The implications for teaching involve awareness of the learning process providing a balance between structure, support, challenge and personal choice which was valued along with relationships that contribute to autonomy.
Social buffering of behavioural stress response in two fish species, Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) and koi carp (Cyprinus carpio)
Authors: Pintos Santiago , Lucon‐Xiccato Tyrone , Vera Luisa María , Conceição Luis , Bertolucci Cristiano , Sánchez‐Vázquez Javier , Rema Paulo 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe presence of conspecifics plays a crucial role in mitigating stress responses in social teleost species and holds potential for enhancing welfare in captive fish. While studies on social buffering effects have typically focussed on single species, marked interspecific differences can exist. Here, we conducted an analysis of social buffering of stress response in two of the most extensively farmed fish, the Nile tilapia and the koi carp. Subjects were exposed to a behavioural stress response assay (open‐field test) in three conditions simulating increasing levels of social enrichment: isolation, pairs, or shoals of five fish. We obtained five stress indicators from the assay: thigmotaxis, freezing, activity, erratic movements and interindividual distance in conditions with more than one fish. In both species, erratic movements significantly decreased with increasing levels of social enrichment, suggesting a similar social buffering effect. However, other indicators revealed species differences. Koi carp, but not Nile tilapia, showed a socially‐mediated reduction in thigmotaxis, whereas Nile tilapia, but not Koi carp, showed a socially‐mediated reduction in freezing behaviour. Furthermore, social enrichment determined opposite effects on the activity of the two species: Nile tilapia were more active as group size increased, whereas the opposite trend was found in koi carp. Finally, Nile tilapia showed increased interindividual distance with increasing social group size, whereas no changes were observed for koi carp. Our study indicates that the buffering effects of social enrichment on the behavioural stress response do not completely overlap between different fish species, highlighting the importance of developing finely‐tuned species‐specific enrichments and welfare indicators.
‘Foot in the Door’ or ‘Door in the Face’? The development of legal strategies in European climate litigation between structure and agency
Authors: Garofalo Carlotta 
Published: April 2024

AbstractFollowing the landmark Urgenda case, European social movements and legal networks have increasingly turned to courts to compel governments to more ambitious mitigation policies. The rapid proliferation of Urgenda‐like cases in the most diverse European jurisdictions, makes a compelling case to investigate the motivations and goals animating European climate litigators, especially when facing high legal barriers. While timely legal analyses of high‐profile climate litigation abound in the literature, an emerging body of research has focused on the genesis of climate cases , their strategies, and societal impacts. To contribute to this latter thread, the article investigates how legal barriers and considerations, and social movements' motivations and goals, have shaped a diverse range of legal strategies in high‐profile climate lawsuits inspired by Urgenda in Europe. The article shows that courts might turn into very different arenas to pursue social change, in which actors elect cautious or daring strategies, depending on the legal system and tradition they refer to, but also their vision and objectives.
The necessity defence in (the Swiss) climate protest cases: Democratic contestation in the age of climate activism
Authors: Mazzotti Paolo 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe transnational movement of climate activists is resorting increasingly often to acts of civil disobedience. Upon being prosecuted for those acts, climate activists across various jurisdictions are starting to plead the general criminal law defence of necessity. The present article takes the cases in which that defence was pleaded before Swiss courts as a case study to analyse the legal questions raised by the ‘climate necessity defence’, conceptualised as an instance of climate litigation. The article hence situates the Swiss cases within a broader framework, trying to draw interpretive insights from international environmental law and climate science, as well as the transnational case‐law on the climate necessity defence. The article's overarching submission is that a broad interpretation of the defence, tending towards accepting its applicability, is more in line with the current legal thinking on environmental matters than a restrictive interpretation rejecting a priori climate necessity claims.
A Meta heuristic based deep learning classifier for effective dengue disease prediction in IoT‐Fog system
Authors: Corthis P. Britto , Ramesh G. P. , Jayachandra Ananda Babu 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe primary aim of this article is to propose an effective dengue disease monitoring system by integrating deep learning models with Internet of Things (IoT) and fog computing. In this context, the disease related parameters are collected using IoT devices and further, the reports are securely transmitted to the healthcare facilities utilizing fog computing. In this article, the misdiagnosis error is reduced utilizing attention based long short term memory (ALSTM) network with coati optimization algorithm (COA). The Attention model allocates higher weight to significant parameters and pay additional consideration while training the model. Therefore, the conventional LSTM network is combined with a self‐attention mechanism for enabling this model to focus on relevant parts of the input sequences for precise dengue disease prediction. The Attention Model differs from the conventional model since it delivers higher amount of data into the decoder and improves additional stages to the attention decoder before making its output. Furthermore, the COA is integrated with the ALSTM network for optimal hyper‐parameter selection. The ALSTM‐COA model evaluates the dengue related parameters like nausea, vomiting, skin rash, joint pain, muscle pain, soft bleeding, temperature of water‐sites, humidity of water‐sites, and so forth, for timely dengue disease diagnosis and clinical decision‐making. The experiments performed on a real time dataset state that the ALSTM‐COA model achieves significant prediction results by utilizing different performance measures like recall, accuracy, fall‐out, miss rate, training time, and testing time. The ALSTM‐COA model obtains an accuracy of 99.27%, latency of 0.03 s, and time complexity of 8 s for 500 health records, which are superior to the comparative deep learning models.
Regulatory responses to build charity financial resilience: “Tow Truck” or “Guardian Angel”?
Authors: Cordery Carolyn , Yates David 
Published: April 2024

AbstractCharity regulation is increasing internationally, leading to divergent views on what might constitute “better regulation.” The purpose of a charity regulator and appropriate regulation may also be contested. Many modern charity regulators are required to maintain public trust and confidence in charities in order to bolster ongoing charity support from funders and the donating public. Nevertheless, public trust and confidence is precarious. At its nadir, in England and Wales “the person in the street” was deemed more trustworthy than charities, with donations diminishing in the current environment and the charity sector close to crisis. Further, charities contribute to crises when they incite negative media interest in their operations, fail to comply with regulatory filing deadlines, and/or manipulate their accounts. Charity regulators must maintain legitimacy within a changing regulatory space, despite often being resource‐constrained themselves. Yet, some suggest regulators could “do more” to increase sector‐wide resilience and to increase public trust and confidence. Hence, this raises the question of how charities should be regulated and whether (and how) a regulator could build resilience. We depict charity‐sector crises as a vehicular incident and ponder: should the regulator act as a “Guardian Angel” to prevent crises through interventions to build and maintain sectoral resilience, or should it appear postincident as a “Tow Truck” to clear the road for other traffic through closely bounded regulatory action focused on sanctions and deregistration. We address this question by analyzing publicly available regulatory data from the Charity Commission of England and Wales and semistructured interviews, which provide additional “behind the scenes” depth to our analysis and findings. We contribute to literature on charity regulation and expected regulatory responsibilities within a confined but permeable regulatory space.
Association between advanced glycation end‐products and fall risk in older adults: The Yakumo Study
Authors: Iida Hiroki , Takegami Yasuhiko , Osawa Yusuke , Funahashi Hiroto , Ozawa Yuto , Ido Hiroaki , Asamoto Takamune , Otaka Keiji , Tanaka Shinya , Nakashima Hiroaki , Ishizuka Shinya , Seki Taisuke , Hasegawa Yukiharu , Imagama Shiro 
Published: April 2024

AimAdvanced glycation end‐products (AGEs) are irreversibly and heterogeneously formed compounds during the non‐enzymatic modification of macromolecules, such as proteins. Aging and lifestyle habits, such as high‐fat and high‐protein diets, and smoking, promote AGEs accumulation. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between fall risk and AGEs in community‐dwelling older adults.MethodsThis cross‐sectional study included patients from the 2022 Yakumo Study who were evaluated for fall risk index 5‐items version, locomotive syndrome stage and AGEs. AGEs were evaluated using Skin autofluorescence (SAF) measured by the AGE reader (DiagnOptics Technologies BV, Groningen, the Netherlands). We divided the participants into two groups according to the presence or absence of fall risk (fall risk index 5‐items version ≥6 or not), and investigated the factors associated with fall risk.ResultsThe fall risk group had a higher age and SAF, and a higher proportion of locomotive syndrome stage >2 than the without fall risk group in patients aged ≥65 years (P < 0.01). The multivariate logistic regression analysis after adjustment of age, sex and body mass index showed that locomotive syndrome stage ≥2 and SAF were independent associators of fall risk in older adults (odds ratio 3.26, P < 0.01, odds ratio 2.96, P < 0.05, respectively). The optimal cutoff value of the SAF for fall risk was 2.4 (area under the curve 0.631; 95% CI 0.53–0.733; sensitivity 0.415; specificity 0.814; P < 0.05).ConclusionThe accumulation of AGEs in skin tissues can be used to screen for fall risk comprehensively. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2024; 24: 517–522.
Diagnosing liposarcoma on (peri)‐renal mass biopsy: A clinicopathological study of 30 cases
Authors: Potterveld Susan K , Mubeen Aysha , Anderson William J , Clay Michael R , Bourgeau Melanie , Charville Gregory W , Sangoi Ankur R 
Published: April 2024

AimsClassification of renal neoplasms on small tissue biopsies is in increasing demand, and maintaining broad differential diagnostic considerations in this setting is necessary. When evaluating a renal or perirenal tumour biopsy with sarcomatoid morphology, together with sarcomatoid renal cell carcinoma and sarcomatoid urothelial carcinoma as top diagnostic considerations, it is vital to additionally consider the possibility of well‐differentiated and de‐differentiated liposarcoma.Methods and resultsThis study reports a series of 30 biopsy samples from sites in or around the kidney collected from four institutions in which the correct diagnosis was either well‐differentiated or de‐differentiated liposarcoma. The majority (26 of 30, 87%) of lesions were accurately diagnosed on biopsy sampling, all of which incorporated testing for MDM2 by immunohistochemistry (IHC), fluorescence in‐situ hybridisation (FISH) or a combination of the two as part of the diagnostic work‐up. Tumour expression of MDM2 by IHC without confirmatory FISH analysis was sometimes (30%) sufficient to reach a diagnosis, but demonstration of MDM2 amplification by FISH was ascertained in the majority (57%) of biopsy samples. A diagnosis of de‐differentiated liposarcoma was not definitively established until resection in four (13%) patients, as no MDM2 testing was performed on the corresponding pre‐operative biopsies.ConclusionsWhen a retroperitoneal tumour is not clinically suspected, histological consideration of a liposarcoma diagnosis may be overlooked. Implementation of ancillary immunohistochemical and cytogenetic testing can ultimately lead to a definitive diagnosis in this potentially misleading anatomical location.
Civic space and its effects on advocacy Non‐Governmental Organizations (NGOs) in Tanzania
Authors: Rugeiyamu Rogers , Nguyahambi Ajali Mustafa 
Published: April 2024

AbstractGlobal trends show that the civic space is shrinking. Specifically, civic space for Civil Society Organizations draws more attention. The shrinkage is caused by increased authoritarianism and democratic backsliding. Experience shows that advocacy based Non‐Governmental Organizations (NGOs) are more affected. The situation in Tanzania is comparable to other parts of the world. However, literature in Tanzania does not establish experiences to characterize the civic space of advocacy NGOs and does not explore the effects of existing civic space on advocacy NGOs. Drawing on Tanzania, this study examines NGOs experience and the effects of civic space on their roles. This study is anchored in interpretivism and case studies, following a qualitative path. Four NGOs and 10 activists were included. Interviews and documentary reviews were used to collect data, and a thematic approach was used to analyse the data. The findings reveal that the civic spaces for advocacy NGOs is changing, unpredictable and contested. There has been negative and positive experiences due to change of political regimes. This causes advocacy NGOs to fail to have long‐term plans, increased fear, loose focus and fail to emerge as strong democratic institutions. NGOs must push for, and the government should accept constitutional, and legal changes to ensure NGOs effective functioning. This specific focus could be extended to other parts of Africa, Asia and Europe, where advocacy NGOs face the same challenges.
The feasibility of an adapted virtual mindfulness intervention for Special Olympics athletes and their caregivers
Authors: Redquest Brianne , Clark Chris A. , Sanguino Hangsel , Lunsky Yona , Hutton Sue , Weiss Jonathan , Davies Tom , McMorris Carly A. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundVirtual mindfulness may be helpful for individuals with intellectual disabilities in the context of COVID‐related disruptions of in‐person programming, such as Special Olympics (SO). This study examined the feasibility of a virtual mindfulness intervention for SO athletes and their caregivers.MethodSO athletes (n = 44) and their caregivers (n = 29) participated in a 6‐week adapted virtual mindfulness intervention. Athletes completed mindfulness and well‐being questionnaires prior to, immediately following, and 3‐months post‐intervention. Caregivers completed questionnaires assessing their own stress, mindfulness, and well‐being, as well as athlete mental health. Exit interviews were conducted immediately following the intervention.ResultsThe intervention was feasible in terms of demand, implementation, acceptability, and limited testing efficacy. There were significant improvements in athlete well‐being and mental health, and caregiver stress and mindfulness post‐intervention.ConclusionsAdapted virtual mindfulness groups may be an effective intervention in improving the well‐being of adults with intellectual disabilities and their caregivers.