bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Essential Habitat Identification for Age-0 Rockfish along the Central Oregon Coast
Authors: Gallagher M. Brett , Heppell Selina S. 
Published: March 2010

Abstract
The habitat needs of nearshore juvenile rockfish Sebastes spp. have rarely been studied but are an essential component of habitat identification for management. We investigated the relationships between habitat type, species composition, and growth of juvenile rockfish after settlement into nearshore reefs and estuaries in central Oregon. We identify and prioritize essential fish habitat (EFH) for blue rockfish S. mystinus and black rockfish S. melanops caught by minnow traps and by scuba divers with hand nets. Species were confirmed through genetic analysis. Our nearshore samples were dominated by blue rockfish, while estuary samples contained almost exclusively black rockfish. Settlement patterns suggest that black rockfish had a strong preference for anthropogenic habitat (docks, pilings, jetties) within the Yaquina Bay estuary. Growth was not significantly different among habitats or sampling years for either black rockfish or blue rockfish. We identify estuaries as EFH for black rockfish juveniles along the central Oregon coast and confirm nearshore reef areas as EFH for blue rockfish juveniles. Small sample sizes of juvenile yellowtail rockfish S. flavidus and widow rockfish S. entomelas suggest that estuaries are also important for these species.
On Downey's conjecture
Authors: Arslanov Marat M. , Kalimullin Iskander Sh. , Lempp Steffen 
Published: March 2010

AbstractWe prove that the degree structures of the d.c.e. and the 3-c.e. Turing degrees are not elementarily equivalent, thus refuting a conjecture of Downey. More specifically, we show that the following statement fails in the former but holds in the latter structure: There are degreesf>e>d>0such that any degreeu≤fis either comparable with botheandd, or incomparable with both.
Strongly and co-strongly minimal abelian structures
Authors: Hrushovski Ehud , Loveys James 
Published: March 2010

AbstractWe give several characterizations of weakly minimal abelian structures. In two special cases, dual in a sense to be made explicit below, we give precise structure theorems:1. when the only finite 0-definable subgroup is {0}, or equivalently 0 is the only algebraic element (the co-strongly minimal case);2. when the theory of the structure is strongly minimal.In the first case, we identify the abelian structure as a “near-subspace” A of a vector space V over a division ring D with its induced structure, with possibly some collection of distinguished subgroups of A of finite index in A and (up to acl(∅)) no further structure. In the second, the structure is that of V/A for a vector space and near-subspace as above, with the only further possible structure some collection of distinguished points. Here a near-subspace of V is a subgroup A such that for any nonzero d ∈ D. the index of A ∩ dA, in A is finite. We also show that any weakly minimal abelian structure is a reduct of a weakly minimal module.
The Bernays-Schönfinkel-Ramsey class for set theory: semidecidability
Authors: Omodeo Eugenio , Policriti Alberto 
Published: March 2010

AbstractAs is well-known, the Bernays-Schönfinkel-Ramsey class of all prenex ∃*∀*-sentences which are valid in classical first-order logic is decidable. This paper paves the way to an analogous result which the authors deem to hold when the only available predicate symbols are ∈ and =, no constants or function symbols are present, and one moves inside a (rather generic) Set Theory whose axioms yield the well-foundedness of membership and the existence of infinite sets. Here semi-decidability of the satisfiability problem for the BSR class is proved by following a purely semantic approach, the remaining part of the decidability result being postponed to a forthcoming paper.
Schlanke Körper (Slim fields)
Authors: Junker Markus , Koenigsmann Jochen 
Published: March 2010

AbstractWe examine fields in which model theoretic algebraic closure coincides with relative field theoretic algebraic closure. These are perfect fields with nice model theoretic behaviour. For example they are exactly the fields in which algebraic independence is an abstract independence relation in the sense of Kim and Pillay. Classes of examples are perfect PAC fields, model complete large fields and henselian valued fields of characteristic 0.
Schnorr trivial sets and truth-table reducibility
Authors: Franklin Johanna N. Y. , Stephan Frank 
Published: March 2010

AbstractWe give several characterizations of Schnorr trivial sets, including a new lowness notion for Schnorr triviality based on truth-table reducibility. These characterizations allow us to see not only that some natural classes of sets, including maximal sets, are composed entirely of Schnorr trivials, but also that the Schnorr trivial sets form an ideal in the truth-table degrees but not the weak truth-table degrees. This answers a question of Downey. Griffiths and LaForte.
Effectivity and effective continuity of multifunctions
Authors: Spreen Dieter 
Published: March 2010

AbstractIf one wants to compute with infinite objects like real numbers or data streams, continuity is a necessary requirement: better and better (finite) approximations of the input are transformed into better and better (finite) approximations of the output. In case the objects are constructively generated, they can be represented by a finite description of the generating procedure. By effectively transforming such descriptions for the generation of the input (respectively, their codes) into (the code of) a description for the generation of the output another type of computable operation is obtained. Such operations are also called effective. The relationship of both classes of operations has always been a question of great interest.In this paper the setting is extended to the case of multifunctions. Various ways of coding (indexing) sets are discussed and their relationship is investigated. Moreover, effective versions of several continuity notions for multifunctions are introduced. For each of these notions an indexing system for sets is exhibited so that the multifunctions that are effective with respect to this indexing system are exactly the multifunction which are effectively continuous with respect to the continuity notion under consideration. Mostly, in addition to being effective the multifunctions need also possess certain witnessing functions. Important special cases are discussed where such witnessing functions always exist.
Pair-splitting, pair-reaping and cardinal invariants ofFσ-ideals
Authors: Hrušák Michael , Meza-Alcántara David , Minami Hiroaki 
Published: March 2010

AbstractWe investigate the pair-splitting numberwhich is a variation of splitting number, pair-reaping numberwhich is a variation of reaping number and cardinal invariants of ideals on ω. We also study cardinal invariants ofFσ ideals and their upper bounds and lower bounds. As an application, we answer a question of S. Solecki by showing that the ideal of finitely chromatic graphs is not locally Katětov-minimal among ideals not satisfying Fatou's lemma.
A form of feasible interpolation for constant depth Frege systems
Authors: Krajíček Jan 
Published: March 2010

AbstractLet L be a first-order language and Φ and Ψ two L-sentences that cannot be satisfied simultaneously in any finite L-structure. Then obviously the following principle ChainL,Φ,Ψ(n, m) holds: For any chain of finite L-structures C1, …, Cm with the universe [n] one of the following conditions must fail:For each fixed L and parameters n, m the principle ChainL,Φ,Ψ(n,m) can be encoded into a propositional DNF formula of size polynomial in n, m.For any language L containing only constants and unary predicates we show that there is a constant CL such that the following holds: If a constant depth Frege system in DeMorgan language proves ChainL,Φ,Ψ(n, cL . n) by a size s proof then the class of finite L-structures with universe [n] satisfying Φ can be separated from the class of those L-structures on [n] satisfying ψ by a depth 3 formula of size 2log(S)O(1) and with bottom fan-in log(S)O(1).
WIC Eligibility and Participation: The Roles of Changing Policies, Economic Conditions, and Demographics
Authors: Swann Christopher A 
Published: March 2010

Abstract
This paper studies WIC eligibility and participation. These outcomes are related to economic conditions, Medicaid, cash welfare, and WIC policies, and demographic characteristics. The analysis uses state level data from 1983 to 2006, a period that covers significant expansion in the Medicaid program, the transition from AFDC to TANF, and significant changes in economic conditions. The results show that take-up has increased more than eligibility over this time period. Separating eligibility and participation is important because a number of state characteristics have opposite effects on these outcomes. Economic conditions, the Medicaid expansions, and immigration in the post-TANF period are shown to be associated with WIC eligibility and participation.
Long-Run Earnings Inequality and Earnings Instability among Canadian Men Revisited, 1985-2005
Authors: Ostrovsky Yuri 
Published: March 2010

Abstract
I consider two flexible models of earnings dynamics suggested in the recent literature and alternative approaches to the treatment of left-censored observations to examine trends in the permanent and transitory variances of earnings of Canadian male workers from 1985 to 2005. I find that both permanent and transitory variances were higher in the 2000s than in the late 1980s or 1990s. In contrast to the late 1980s and the recession period of the early 1990s, both components of variance grew at a similar pace during the post-recession period, and the share of each component in the total variance remained fairly stable. The results are robust to the choice of a model. The study is based on a large sample from a uniquely rich longitudinal administrative dataset.
The American Society of Shoulder and Elbow Therapists' Consensus Rehabilitation Guideline for Arthroscopic Anterior Capsulolabral Repair of the Shoulder
Authors: Gaunt Bryce W. , Shaffer Michael A. , Sauers Eric L. , Michener Lori A. , McCluskey George M. , Thigpen Chuck A. 
Published: March 2010

Synopsis This manuscript describes the consensus rehabilitation guideline developed by the American Society of Shoulder and Elbow Therapists. The purpose of this guideline is to facilitate clinical decision making during the rehabilitation of patients following arthroscopic anterior capsulolabral repair of the shoulder. This guideline is centered on the principle of the gradual application of stress to the healing capsulolabral repair through appropriate integration of range of motion, strengthening, and shoulder girdle stabilization exercises during rehabilitation and daily activities. Components of this guideline include a 0- to 4-week period of absolute immobilization, a staged recovery of full range of motion over a 3-month period, a strengthening progression beginning at postoperative week 6, and a functional progression for return to athletic or demanding work activities between postoperative months 4 and 6. This document represents the first consensus rehabilitation guideline developed by a multidisciplinary society of international rehabilitation professionals specifically for the postoperative care of patients following arthroscopic anterior capsulolabral repair of the shoulder. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2010;40(3):155–168. doi:10.2519/jospt.2010.3186
Associations among breastfeeding, smoking relapse, and prenatal factors in a brief postpartum smoking intervention
Authors: DISANTIS KATHERINE ISSELMANN , COLLINS BRADLEY N. , MCCOY ANDREA C.S. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractPostpartum smoking contributes to child health problems and is a barrier to breastfeeding, which promotes child health. There is a risk of postpartum smoking relapse for smokers and they are less likely to breastfeed. Understanding of smoking–breastfeeding associations must be improved. Enhancing smoking cessation advice simultaneously with breastfeeding counseling could increase smoking abstinence and breastfeeding rates. A low income sample of 31 volunteer maternal smokers and ex‐smokers were recruited for this pilot intervention in an urban hospital's postpartum unit. Following pre‐intervention interview, participants received either smoking relapse prevention plus breastfeeding counseling, or smoking relapse prevention only counseling. At one‐month follow‐up, we hypothesized that breastfeeding duration would positively relate to 7‐day point prevalence abstinence rates and days to relapse and explored prenatal care and pregnancy smoking behavior associations with postpartum smoking and breastfeeding. Of the mothers, 75% completed follow‐up. Days to relapse was related to duration of breastfeeding (r = 0.92, p = 0.08); however, counseling group differences in one‐month smoking status were not significant. Earlier prenatal care initiation was associated with smoking abstinences at one month postpartum (χ2 = 4.87, p ≤ 0.05). Early prenatal care and breastfeeding is associated with postpartum smoking abstinence.
Effects of knowledge, education, and experience on acceptance of first trimester screening for chromosomal anomalies
Authors: STEFANSDOTTIR VIGDIS , SKIRTON HEATHER , JONASSON KRISTJAN , HARDARDOTTIR HILDUR , JONSSON JON JOHANNES 
Published: March 2010

AbstractObjectives. To assess pregnant women's knowledge and understanding of first trimester prenatal screening (nuchal translucency, maternal serum free beta‐human chorionic gonadotrophin and pregnancy‐associated plasma‐protein‐A), to evaluate the impact of a new information booklet and investigate the effects of education and experiential knowledge of congenital disabilities on the perceived likelihood of accepting prenatal screening.Design. A quasi‐experimental quantitative study with a self‐completion questionnaire.Setting.Five different maternity care clinics in Iceland.Population.Expectant mothers in first trimester of pregnancy (n= 379).Material and methods. Expectant mothers were divided into two groups, an intervention and a control group, both receiving traditional care and information. The intervention group additionally received an information booklet about prenatal screening and diagnosis.Main outcome measures.Women's knowledge score of prenatal screening. The correlation between education, knowledge score, experiential knowledge of congenital disabilities, and the likelihood of accepting prenatal screening.Results. More than half of the women (57%) believed they received sufficient information to make an informed decision about screening. Knowledge scores were significantly higher for the intervention group (with mean 4.8 compared with 3.7 on a 0–8 scale,p< 0.0001). Those with higher scores were more likely to accept screening (p< 0.0001). Women with experiential knowledge of congenital anomalies in their own families were more likely to accept prenatal screening (p= 0.017).Conclusions. Various factors, e.g. experiential knowledge, education and information about prenatal screening affect the likelihood of participation in prenatal screening programs. More information results in better knowledge and higher uptake rate.
Macrosomia: mode of delivery and pregnancy outcome
Authors: BJØRSTAD ASTRID R. , IRGENS‐HANSEN KAJA , DALTVEIT ANNE KJERSTI , IRGENS LORENTZ M. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractObjective. To assess associations between birthweight and selected adverse outcomes in vaginal and cesarean deliveries and to clarify to which extent macrosomic births are delivered by cesarean section or are centralized to larger maternity units. Design. Cohort study. Setting. National study based on the Medical Birth Registry of Norway. Population. All births in Norway for the duration 1999–2005 comprising 304,968 vaginal and 47,702 cesarean deliveries. Methods. Rates of adverse pregnancy outcomes by birthweight in vaginal and cesarean deliveries were compared by odds ratios (ORs) obtained in logistic regression analysis with birthweight 2,500–3,999 g as the reference and adjusted for maternal age, birth order and size of maternity unit. Main outcome measures. Analgesia, interventions, complications and neonatal outcomes. Results. For all the adverse outcomes, the ORs increased continuously from the reference group up to ≥5,000 g in which the highest adjusted ORs were observed for shoulder dystocia [64.2 (confidence interval 55.7–74.0)] and plexus injuries [47.7 (confidence interval 35.7–62.4)]. The proportion of adverse outcomes attributable to macrosomia (birthweight ≥4,500 g) ranged from 56.8% of all shoulder dystocia cases to 0.5% of all stillbirths. Macrosomic births were not centralized to larger maternity units and planned cesarean delivery was not more frequent in macrosomic births. Conclusions. Macrosomic births involved excess risks of a series of adverse pregnancy outcomes, the births were not centralized to larger maternity units and planned cesarean section was not more frequent in macrosomic births.
First principles based predictions of the toughness of a metal/oxide interface
Authors: Jiang Yong , Wei Yueguang , Smith John R. , Hutchinson John W. , Evans Anthony G. 
Published: March 2010

Abstract
We describe a first-principles-based strategy to predict the macroscopic toughness of a γ-Ni(Al)/α-Al2O3 interface. Density functional theory calculations are used to ascertain energy changes upon displacing the two materials adjacent to the interface, with relaxation conducted over all atoms located within adjoining rows. Traction/displacement curves are obtained from derivatives of the energy. Calculations are performed in mode I (opening), mode II (shear) and at a phase angle of 45°. The shear calculations are conducted for displacements along <110> and <112> of the Ni lattice. A generalized interface potential function is used to characterize the results. Initial fitting to both the shear and normal stress results is required to calibrate the unknowns. Thereafter, consistency is established by using the potential to predict other traction quantities. The potential is incorporated as a traction/displacement function within a cohesive zone model and used to predict the steady-state toughness of the interface. For this purpose, the plasticity of the Ni alloy must be known, including the plasticity length scale. Measurements obtained for a γ-Ni superalloy are used and the toughness predicted over the full range of mode mixity. Additional results for a range of alloys are used to demonstrate the influences of yield strength and length scale.
Community Pharmacists' Therapeutic Recommendations for Heavy Flow, Androgen Excess, Fragility Fractures and Night Sweats in Menstruating Women
Authors: Marks Monterrey , Hitchcock Christine L. , Sathi Poornima , Prior Jerilynn C. 
Published: March 2010

Background: Physicians and menstruating women often ask pharmacists for recommendations about menstrual cycle–related problems. Progesterone and medroxyprogesterone may provide physiology-based treatment, but official indications in menstruating women in Canada are minimal. Objectives: To describe pharmacists' responses to vignette-based questions about the treatment of common clinical problems in menstruating women and review evidence-based therapies. Methods: A pharmacist interviewer administered an 11-item questionnaire to a random sample of community pharmacists. Questions were based on clinical vignettes in adolescent, pre- and perimenopausal women and related to heavy flow, polycystic ovary syndrome, premenopausal osteoporosis, perimenopausal night sweats and side effects/contraindications for estrogens and progesterone/progestins. Results: The participation rate was 58%, including equal numbers of male and female pharmacists. Seventy-two percent indicated that they would treat menorrhagia in an anemic 13-year-old with oral contraceptives — 21% would recommend ibuprofen and 86% iron. Half recommended that a 35-year-old smoker with heavy flow and acne stop oral contraceptives, but the other 50% recommended a switch to an oral contraceptive with cyproterone. For premenopausal osteoporosis, the majority recommended calcium and vitamin D, but 53% endorsed oral contraceptives — only 7% suggested cyclic medroxyprogesterone. For night sweats, the majority recommended progesterone/progestin in a regularly menstruating 42-year-old woman. Estrogens are contraindicated with past thrombosis and/or breast cancer family history, and they could cause nausea; 50% of pharmacists also attributed these adverse effects to progesterone/progestins. Conclusions: Community pharmacists vary widely in their treatment choices for common pre- and perimenopausal women's menstrual cycle–related problems. The evidence in support of most recommendations is minimal or lacking.
Politique commerciale et recours au mécanisme de règlement des différends de l'OMC.
Authors: Charlier Christophe , Rainelli Michel 
Published: March 2010

À partir des différends commerciaux signifiés à l’Organe de règlement des différends de l’OMC entre 1995 et 2004, l’objectif est de proposer une analyse de la politique commerciale des États-Unis. La démarche repose sur un examen des différends impliquant les États-Unis comme plaignant et comme défendeur, en distinguant les Membres de l’OMC en conflit avec ce pays ainsi que les types de différends commerciaux. Les principaux résultats montrent qu’il existe une différence significative dans la nature des différends, selon que les États-Unis sont plaignants ou défendeurs ; contrairement à une opinion répandue, les décisions de l’ORD sont globalement plus favorables pour les Membres de l’OMC accusant les États-Unis que celles rendues lorsque les États-Unis sont plaignants.
Immunotherapy Can Reject Intracranial Tumor Cells without Damaging the Brain despite Sharing the Target Antigen
Authors: Bridle Byram W. , Li Jian , Jiang Shucui , Chang Ruby , Lichty Brian D. , Bramson Jonathan L. , Wan Yonghong 
Published: March 2010

Abstract
Although vaccines targeting tissue differentiation Ags represent a promising strategy for cancer immunotherapy, the risk of triggering autoimmune damage to normal tissues remains to be determined. Immunizing against a melanoma-associated Ag, dopachrome tautomerase (DCT), which normal melanocytes and glial cells also express, allowed concurrent analysis of autoimmune consequences in multiple tissues. We show that vaccination with recombinant adenovirus expressing DCT elicited a strong CTL response in C57BL/6 mice, leading to protection against intracranial challenge with B16-F10 melanoma cells. Both histological analysis and behavioral testing indicated that there was no evidence of neuropathology in vaccinated animals and long-term survivors. Although vitiligo or demyelination could be induced by additional stimuli (i.e., surgery or inflammation) in DCT-vaccinated mice, it did not extend beyond the inflammatory area, suggesting that there is self-regulatory negative feedback in normal tissues. These results demonstrate that it is possible to vaccinate against a tumor embedded in a vital organ that shares the target Ag.