bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association of TGF-β1 Genetic Variants with HPV16-positive Oropharyngeal Cancer
Authors: Guan Xiaoxiang , Sturgis Erich M. , Lei Dapeng , Liu Zhensheng , Dahlstrom Kristina R. , Wei Qingyi , Li Guojun 
Published: February 2010

Abstract
Purpose: Transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) plays an important role in inflammation and immune responses, which control the human papillomavirus (HPV) clearance and escape of immune surveillance, and may contribute to genetic susceptibility to HPV16 infection.
Experimental Design: In this case series study, we analyzed the HPV16 status in tumor specimens and genotyped three TGF-β1 polymorphisms using genomic DNA from the blood of 200 squamous cell carcinoma of the oropharynx (SCCOP) cases. We calculated odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) in univariate and multivariable logistic regression models to examine the association between the TGF-β1 polymorphisms and HPV16 status in SCCOP.
Results: Compared with those with the common homozygous genotype, the TGF-β1 T869C variant genotypes were significantly associated with HPV16-positive tumor status among patients with SCCOP (OR, 1.97; 95% CI, 1.03-3.76), but no significant association was observed for the TGF-β1 C509T or G915C polymorphism. When all variant genotypes were combined, however, SCCOP patients carrying genotypes with any of these TGF-β1 variants were more than twice as likely to have an HPV16-positive tumor (OR, 2.28; 95% CI, 1.16-4.50) as patients with no variant genotypes. The stratified analysis showed that those under 54 years of age, non-Hispanic white patients, never smokers, and never drinkers with any variant TGF-β1 genotypes were also more likely to have HPV16-positive tumors.
Conclusions: TGF-β1 polymorphisms may serve as a susceptibility marker for tumor HPV16 status among SCCOP patients, particularly those who were never smokers and never drinkers. Large studies are needed to validate our findings. Clin Cancer Res; 16(5); 1416–22
Development of Immunohistochemistry Assays to Assess GALNT14 and FUT3/6 in Clinical Trials of Dulanermin and Drozitumab
Authors: Stern Howard M. , Padilla Mary , Wagner Klaus , Amler Lukas , Ashkenazi Avi 
Published: February 2010

Abstract
Purpose: In vitro sensitivity to the proapoptotic receptor agonists dulanermin (rhApo2L/TRAIL) and drozitumab (DR5-agonist antibody) is strongly predicted by the expression of the O-glycosylation enzymes GALNT14 in non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell lines (among others) and of FUT3/6 in colorectal cancer (CRC) cell lines. We developed immunohistochemistry (IHC) assays that measure GALNT14 and FUT3/6 levels in archival formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded human tumor tissue to determine marker prevalence in NSCLC and CRC tissue and to enable the future examination of these markers in clinical trials.
Experimental Design: GALNT14 or FUT3/6 ELISA-positive hybridoma clones were screened through IHC on cell pellets with known mRNA levels. The specificity of staining was examined in cell lines, normal tissue, and tumor tissue.
Results: GALNT14 and FUT3/6 IHC exhibited a golgi staining pattern and correlated with GALNT14 and FUT3/6 (but not GALNT2 and FUT4) mRNA expression levels in cell lines and normal tissues, suggesting specificity. GALNT14 and FUT3/6 H-scores were significantly higher in cell lines sensitive to dulanermin (P = 0.01 and P = 0.0004, respectively) and drozitumab (P = 0.03 and P &lt; 0.0001, respectively) versus resistant cell lines. GALNT14 and FUT3/6 H-scores varied widely, with ∼45% of NSCLC samples exhibiting weak to moderate GALNT14 staining (H-score of at least 25) and 70% of CRC samples exhibiting moderate to strong FUT3/6 staining (H-score of at least 125).
Conclusions: GALNT14 and FUT3/6 expression can be assessed in human tumors using sensitive and specific IHC assays. Both assays are being deployed in ongoing clinical trials of dulanermin and drozitumab to assess potential utility for patient selection. Clin Cancer Res; 16(5); 1587–96
American Ginseng Suppresses Colitis through p53-Mediated Apoptosis of Inflammatory Cells
Authors: Jin Yu , Hofseth Anne B. , Cui Xiangli , Windust Anthony J. , Poudyal Deepak , Chumanevich Alex A. , Matesic Lydia E. , Singh Narendra P. , Nagarkatti Mitzi , Nagarkatti Prakash S. , Hofseth Lorne J. 
Published: February 2010

Abstract
Ulcerative colitis is a dynamic, chronic inflammatory condition associated with an increased colon cancer risk. Inflammatory cell apoptosis is a key mechanism regulating ulcerative colitis. American ginseng (AG) is a putative antioxidant that can suppress hyperactive immune cells. We have recently shown that AG can prevent and treat mouse colitis. Because p53 levels are elevated in inflammatory cells in both mouse and human colitis, we tested the hypothesis that AG protects from colitis by driving inflammatory cell apoptosis through a p53 mechanism. We used isogenic p53+/+ and p53−/− inflammatory cell lines as well as primary CD4+/CD25− effector T cells from p53+/+ and p53−/− mice to show that AG drives apoptosis in a p53-dependent manner. Moreover, we used a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) model of colitis in C57BL/6 p53+/+ and p53−/− mice to test whether the protective effect of AG against colitis is p53 dependent. Data indicate that AG induces apoptosis in p53+/+ but not in isogenic p53−/− cells in vitro. In vivo, C57BL/6 p53+/+ mice are responsive to the protective effects of AG against DSS-induced colitis, whereas AG fails to protect from colitis in p53−/− mice. Furthermore, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase–mediated dUTP nick end labeling of inflammatory cells within the colonic mesenteric lymph nodes is elevated in p53+/+ mice consuming DSS + AG but not in p53−/− mice consuming DSS + AG. Results are consistent with our in vitro data and with the hypothesis that AG drives inflammatory cell apoptosis in vivo, providing a mechanism by which AG protects from colitis in this DSS mouse model. Cancer Prev Res; 3(3); 339–47
Adaptor Proteins as Targets for Cancer Prevention
Authors: Yee Douglas 
Published: February 2010

Abstract
This perspective on the report by McCampbell et al. in this issue of the journal (beginning on page 290) addresses the role of insulin receptor substrate (IRS) proteins in cancer progression. The IRS proteins link many cell-surface receptors to signal transduction pathways. Activation of the phosphoinositide-3 kinase/Akt/mammalian target of rapamycin axis normally results in serine phosphorylation and subsequent downregulation of these adaptor proteins. The authors show that changes in the negative feedback regulation of IRS proteins is associated with the progression of endometrial epithelial cells to hyperplasia and cancer. Therefore, understanding the function of adaptor proteins could provide additional strategies for cancer prevention and treatment. Cancer Prev Res; 3(3); 263–5
Miniaturized versus conventional cardiopulmonary bypass in high-risk patients undergoing coronary artery bypass surgery
Authors: Koivisto Simo-Pekka , Wistbacka Jan-Ola , Rimpiläinen Riikka , Nissinen Juha , Loponen Pertti , Teittinen Kari , Biancari Fausto 
Published: February 2010

Objective: To review our results with the use of miniaturized cardiopulmonary bypass (Mini-CPB) versus conventional cardiopulmonary bypass (C-CPB) in high-risk patients (additive EuroSCORE≥6) who have undergone coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG). Patients and methods: This study includes a consecutive series of 236 patients with an additive EuroSCORE≥6 who underwent CABG, employing either C-CPB or Mini-CPB. Propensity score analysis was performed. Results: The study groups had similar EuroSCOREs. Stroke rate was significantly higher among C-CPB patients (5.4% vs. 0%, p=0.026). In-hospital mortality (4.8% vs. 3.4%, p=0.75) and combined adverse end-point rate were higher in C-CPB patients (20.4% vs. 13.5%, p=0.18). Postoperative bleeding and need for transfusion were similar in the study groups, but re-sternotomy for bleeding was more frequent among C-CPB patients (4.8% vs. 1.1%, p=0.26). Seventy-four propensity matched pairs had similar immediate postoperative results: C-CPB patients had higher mortality (6.8% vs. 4.1%, p=0.72), stroke (5.4% vs. 0%, p=0.12) and combined adverse end-point rates (27.0% vs. 16.2%, p=0.11), but such differences failed to reach statistical significance. Conclusions: Mini-CPB achieved somewhat better results than C-CPB in these high-risk patients undergoing isolated CABG. This study confirmed that cerebral protection could be the main benefit associated with the use of Mini-CPB.
Evaluation of medication compliance in patients on antidepressants at an outpatient tertiary cancer center setting
Authors: Lal Lincy S , Hung Frank , Chun Feng  , Zhuang Amy , DaCosta Byfield Stacey , Miller Lesley-Ann , Adamus Andrea , Arbuckle Rebecca 
Published: February 2010

Objective. The purpose is to evaluate antidepressant compliance in a cancer population at a tertiary cancer center and to determine if there are covariates of importance in predicting the level of compliance in the study population. Methods. Patients who received at least three prescriptions covering parts of each month for a continuous 6-month period with at least one of the months being in 2006 from a tertiary cancer center were identified as the prevalent population of interest for this retrospective study. Data collected included demographics, cancer and co-morbid diagnoses, and compliance to antidepressant medication using medication possession ratio (MPR) by patient, medication class, and individual agents. Analysis was conducted using descriptive statistics, analysis of variance, and logistic regression (using MPR ≥ 80 as cutoff). Results. The study population included 297 patients with demographics showing 69% female, 71% Caucasian, a mean age of 52.94 (SD: 12.42), and an average 403 days of follow-up. The MPR for the total study population was 0.87 with 78% of the population having an MPR of ≥80% and 22% having an MPR of less than 80%. While there was no significant difference in MPR by different pharmaceutical classes, there were significant differences in the MPR by specific agents (p = 0.02), with nortriptyline having the lowest MPR of 0.79 and doxepin, fluoxetine, mirtazapine, and venlafaxine all having MPR over 0.90. There was also a trend toward a difference in MPR between Caucasians versus non-Caucasians, p = 0.055. Conclusion. There appears to be relatively good compliance to antidepressant medications in the study population.
Overexpression of Chromatin Assembly Factor-1/p60 helps to predict the prognosis of melanoma patients
Authors: Mascolo Massimo , Vecchione Maria Luisa , Ilardi Gennaro , Scalvenzi Massimiliano , Molea Guido , Di Benedetto Maria , Nugnes Loredana , Siano Maria , De Rosa Gaetano , Staibano Stefania 
Published: February 2010

Abstract

Background
Cutaneous melanoma (CM) is the most lethal form of skin malignancy, which registers a constant increase in incidence worldwide. The identification of molecular alteration(s) involved in its biological aggressiveness represents a major challenge for researchers, considering that existing therapies are ineffective to treat metastasizing cases. The epigenetic control of chromatin dynamics during DNA synthesis, replication, and repair is fundamental for the orderly progression of cell proliferation. The Chromatin Assembly Factor 1 (CAF-1) complex acts as a major regulator of this process; its intermediate (p60) subunit has been recently proposed as a novel proliferation and prognostic marker for several tumors. We aimed to establish if the evaluation of the expression of CAF-1/p60 in primary CM may help define the prevision of outcome of patients.

Methods
Immunohistochemistry with anti-CAF-1/p60 was performed on paraffin-embedded tissue sections of 130 cases of primary CM retrieved from the archive files of the Department of Biomorphological and Functional Sciences, Section of Pathology, University "Federico II" of Naples, Italy. Results were compared with histopathological and follow-up data of patients.

Results
CAF-1/p60 was expressed in all CM. A significant statistical association between the overexpression of the protein and the occurrence of skin, node and/or distant metastases (P < 0.05) emerged, independently from histopathological prognostic factors.

Conclusions
CAF-1/p60 looks promising as a new prognostic marker for CM and sheds new light on the molecular events associated with photocancerogenesis and melanoma biology.
The screening for CAF-1/p60 might contribute to the molecular sub-classification of CM, with improved translational outcomes.
Regulation and dysregulation of immunoglobulin E: a molecular and clinical perspective
Authors: Pate Mariah B , Smith John Kelly , Chi David S , Krishnaswamy Guha 
Published: February 2010

AbstractBackgroundAltered levels of Immunoglobulin E (IgE) represent a dysregulation of IgE synthesis and may be seen in a variety of immunological disorders. The object of this review is to summarize the historical and molecular aspects of IgE synthesis and the disorders associated with dysregulation of IgE production.MethodsArticles published in Medline/PubMed were searched with the keyword Immunoglobulin E and specific terms such as class switch recombination, deficiency and/or specific disease conditions (atopy, neoplasia, renal disease, myeloma, etc.). The selected papers included reviews, case reports, retrospective reviews and molecular mechanisms. Studies involving both sexes and all ages were included in the analysis.ResultsBoth very low and elevated levels of IgE may be seen in clinical practice. Major advancements have been made in our understanding of the molecular basis of IgE class switching including roles for T cells, cytokines and T regulatory (or Treg) cells in this process. Dysregulation of this process may result in either elevated IgE levels or IgE deficiency.ConclusionEvaluation of a patient with elevated IgE must involve a detailed differential diagnosis and consideration of various immunological and non-immunological disorders. The use of appropriate tests will allow the correct diagnosis to be made. This can often assist in the development of tailored treatments.
Keratitis caused by the recently described new species Aspergillus brasiliensis: two case reports
Authors: Manikandan Palanisamy , Varga János , Kocsubé Sándor , Revathi Rajaraman , Anita Raghavan , Dóczi Ilona , Németh Tibor Mihály , Narendran Venkatapathy , Vágvölgyi Csaba , Bhaskar Madhavan , Manoharan Chockaiya , Samson Robert A , Kredics László 
Published: February 2010

AbstractIntroductionHuman infections caused byAspergillus brasiliensishave not yet been reported. We describe the first two known cases of fungal keratitis caused byAspergillus brasiliensis.Case presentationsA 49-year-old Indian Tamil woman agricultural worker came with pain and defective vision in the right eye for one month. Meanwhile, a 35-year-old Indian Tamil woman presented with a history of a corneal ulcer involving the left eye for 15 days. The fungal strains isolated from these two cases were originally suspected to belong toAspergillussectionNigribased on macro- and micromorphological characteristics. Molecular identification revealed that both isolates representA. brasiliensis.ConclusionThe twoA. brasiliensisstrains examined in this study were part of six keratitis isolates fromAspergillussectionNigri, suggesting that this recently described species may be responsible for a significant proportion of corneal infections caused by black Aspergilli. The presented cases also indicate that significant differences may occur between the severities of keratitis caused by individual isolates ofA. brasiliensis.
Coronin-1C is a novel biomarker for hepatocellular carcinoma invasive progression identified by proteomics analysis and clinical validation
Authors: Wu Long , Peng Chun-Wei , Hou Jin-Xuan , Zhang Yan-Hua , Chen Chuang , Chen Liang-Dong , Li Yan 
Published: February 2010

Abstract

Background
To better search for potential markers for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) invasion and metastasis, proteomic approach was applied to identify potential metastasis biomarkers associated with HCC.

Methods
Membrane proteins were extracted from MHCC97L and HCCLM9 cells, with a similar genetic background and remarkably different metastasis potential, and compared by SDS-PAGE and identified by ESI-MS/MS. The results were further validated by western blot analysis, immunohistochemistry (IHC) of tumor tissues from HCCLM9- and MHCC97L-nude mice, and clinical specimens.

Results
Membrane proteins were extracted from MHCC97L and HCCLM9 cell and compared by SDS-PAGE analyses. A total of 14 differentially expressed proteins were identified by ESI-MS/MS. Coronin-1C, a promising candidate, was found to be overexpressed in HCCLM9 cells as compared with MHCC97L cells, and validated by western blot and IHC from both nude mice tumor tissues and clinical specimens. Coronin-1C level showed an abrupt upsurge when pulmonary metastasis occurred. Increasing coronin-1C expression was found in liver cancer tissues of HCCLM9-nude mice with spontaneous pulmonary metastasis. IHC study on human HCC specimens revealed that more patients in the higher coronin-1C group had overt larger tumor and more advanced stage.

Conclusions
Coronin-1C could be a candidate biomarker to predict HCC invasive behavior.
Complication of nasal piercing by Staphylococcus aureus endocarditis: a case report and a review of literature
Authors: Battagin Giuliana , Sarmati Loredana , Sordillo Pasquale , Picchi Giovanna , Calisti Giorgio , Ceccarelli Laura , Antonio Pellegrino , Nardi Paolo , Chiariello Luigi , Andreoni Massimo 
Published: February 2010

Abstract
Body piercing, a growing trend especially in young people, is often complicated by severe infections. We present a case of acute bacterial endocarditis by Staphylococcus aureus complicated by multiple cerebral, kidney, spleen embolisms in a young girl, with no known previous cardiac abnormalities, following the piercing of nasal septum. This case highlights the importance of education of patients with and without structural heart disease to the potential dangerous and even life threatening infectious complications of piercing, and stimulate further discussion on the possibility of antibiotic prophylaxis of such procedures.
No impact of early intervention on late outcome after minimal, mild and moderate head injury
Authors: Heskestad Ben , Waterloo Knut , Baardsen Roald , Helseth Eirik , Romner Bertil , Ingebrigtsen Tor 
Published: February 2010

Abstract

Objectives
To evaluate the effect of an educational intervention on outcome after minimal, mild and moderate head injury.

Methods
Three hundred and twenty six patients underwent stratified randomization to an intervention group (n = 163) or a control group (n = 163). Every second patient was allocated to the intervention group. Participants in this group were offered a cognitive oriented consultation two weeks after the injury, while subjects allocated to the control group were not. Both groups were invited to follow up 3 and 12 months after injury.

Results
A total of 50 (15%) patients completed the study (intervention group n = 22 (13%), control group n = 28 (17%), not significant). There were no statistically significant differences between the intervention group and the control group.

Conclusions
There was no effect on outcomes from an early educational intervention two weeks after head injury.
Endogenous ligands of TLR2 and TLR4: agonists or assistants?
Authors: Erridge Clett 
Published: February 2010

AbstractReview summarizes the evidence supporting the existence of endogenous ligands of TLR2 and TLR4 and proposes that many may be better described as PAMP-sensitizing molecules.The mammalian TLRs serve as key sensors of PAMPs, such as bacterial LPS, lipopeptides, and flagellins, which are present in microbial cells but not host cells. TLRs have therefore been considered to play a central role in the discrimination between “self” and “non-self”. However, since the discovery of their microbial ligands, many studies have provided evidence that host-derived molecules may also stimulate TLR2- or TLR4-dependent signaling. To date, more than 20 of these endogenous TLR ligands have been proposed, which have tended to fall into the categories of released intracellular proteins, ECM components, oxidatively modified lipids, and other soluble mediators. This review aims to summarize the evidence supporting the intrinsic TLR-stimulating capacity of each of these proposed endogenous ligands with a particular emphasis on the measures taken to exclude contaminating LPS and lipopeptides from experimental systems. The emerging evidence that many of these molecules may be more accurately described as PAMP-binding molecules (PBMs) or PAMP-sensitizing molecules (PSMs), rather than genuine ligands of TLR2 or TLR4, is also summarized. The relevance of this possibility to the pathogenesis of chronic inflammatory diseases, tumor surveillance, and autoimmunity is discussed.
Colored Empires in the 1930s: Black Internationalism, the U.S. Black Press, and George Samuel Schuyler
Authors: Taketani Etsuko 
Published: February 2010

First in the chronological table of world affairs relevant to any argument concerning the black internationalism of the 1930s is the Italo-Ethiopian War. George Samuel Schuyler, then the most prominent black journalist in the United States, stood in for international-minded black Americans at the vanguard of the pro-Ethiopian campaigns.
For all its obvious concerns with issues of black internationalism raised by the Italo-Ethiopian War—and though it gripped the black popular imagination of its time—Schuyler's Black Empire, originally serialized from 1936 to 1938 in the Pittsburgh Courier, has not attracted much attention from modern critics, largely due to the uncomfortably violent racial scenarios it depicts. Yet, as Taketani's essay suggests, to address such seemingly objectionable scenarios is to confront the origins of black internationalism in the race war fantasy that gained global currency in the media surround of the mid-1930s, triggered by the rumored alliance of two colored empire-nations, Ethiopia and Japan.
Black Empire, narrated in the first person by one Carl Slater, ex-reporter for the Harlem Blade, presents a rendition of race war that both participates in and parodies the production of the mediagenic fantasy it reflects in the aftermath of the Italo-Ethiopian War. By allowing the signifying “colored empire” full play in the black imagination, Black Empire affords a deeper understanding of the objectives of mid-1930s black internationalism.
Expression and activity profiling of selected cysteine cathepsins and matrix metalloproteinases in synovial fluids from patients with rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis
Authors: Požgan Urška , Caglič Dejan , Rozman Blaž , Nagase Hideaki , Turk Vito , Turk Boris 
Published: February 2010

AbstractCysteine cathepsins and matrix metalloproteases are considered to play important roles in the development of arthritic diseases. Their accumulation in synovial fluid of primarily rheumatoid arthritis patients is also well documented. However, a detailed comparison between the protease levels and activities between rheumatoid arthritis samples and osteoarthritis samples has never been made. Here, we report that both cysteine cathepsins B and S and matrix metalloproteases-1, -3 and -13 are detected in patient synovial fluid samples with significantly higher levels detected in rheumatoid arthritis patients. Among the proteases, cathepsin S was found to be significantly elevated, consistent with its critical role in the immune response. These results suggest that cysteine cathepsins have a major role in inflammation at least in rheumatoid arthritis. In addition to proteases, interleukin-6 was detected at significant levels in most samples, suggesting that proinflammatory cytokines might be in-volved in the stimulation of expression of these proteases during inflammation.