bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Novel hybrid classifier based on fuzzy type-III decision maker and ensemble deep learning model and improved chaos game optimization
Authors: Mehrabi Hashjin Nastaran , Amiri Mohammad Hussein , Mohammadzadeh Ardashir , Mirjalili Seyedali , Khodadadi Nima 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis paper presents a unique hybrid classifier that combines deep neural networks with a type-III fuzzy system for decision-making. The ensemble incorporates ResNet-18, Efficient Capsule neural network, ResNet-50, the Histogram of Oriented Gradients (HOG) for feature extraction, neighborhood component analysis (NCA) for feature selection, and Support Vector Machine (SVM) for classification. The innovative inputs fed into the type-III fuzzy system come from the outputs of the mentioned neural networks. The system’s rule parameters are fine-tuned using the Improved Chaos Game Optimization algorithm (ICGO). The conventional CGO’s simple random mutation is substituted with wavelet mutation to enhance the CGO algorithm while preserving non-parametricity and computational complexity. The ICGO was evaluated using 126 benchmark functions and 5 engineering problems, comparing its performance with well-known algorithms. It achieved the best results across all functions except for 2 benchmark functions. The introduced classifier is applied to seven malware datasets and consistently outperforms notable networks like AlexNet, ResNet-18, GoogleNet, and Efficient Capsule neural network in 35 separate runs, achieving over 96% accuracy. Additionally, the classifier’s performance is tested on the MNIST and Fashion-MNIST in 10 separate runs. The results show that the new classifier excels in accuracy, precision, sensitivity, specificity, and F1-score compared to other recent classifiers. Based on the statistical analysis, it has been concluded that the ICGO and propose method exhibit significant superiority compared to the examined algorithms and methods. The source code for ICGO is available publicly at https://nimakhodadadi.com/algorithms-%2B-codes.
Graphical abstract
A Non-Vacuist Response to the Counterpossible Terrible Commands Objection
Authors: Choo Frederick 
Published: May 2024

AbstractCritics of Divine Command Theory (DCT) argue that DCT implies the following counterpossible is true: If God commanded us to perform a terrible act, then the terrible act would be morally obligatory. However, our intuitions tell us that such a counterpossible is false. Therefore, DCT fails. This is the counterpossible terrible commands objection. In this paper, I argue that the counterpossible terrible commands objection fails. I start by considering a standard response by DCT proponents that appeals to vacuism—the view that all counterpossibles are vacuously true. I argue that DCT proponents should pursue a different response instead. I then go on to provide a new response to the counterpossible terrible commands objection: I argue that we lack reason to think that the counterpossible in question is false by examining the underlying intuitions.
Does Panpsychism Explain Mental Causation?
Authors: Baysan Umut 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIn the contemporary literature on panpsychism, one often finds the claim that a Russellian-monist version of panpsychism, i.e., Russellian panpsychism, is a superior view compared to alternative non-physicalist theories. The argument for this claim is that while Russellian panpsychism can integrate consciousness in the causal order and explain mental causation, alternative theories fail to do so. If this is correct, panpsychism deserves its place as a main contender in solving the mind-body problem. In this paper, I argue that Russellian panpsychism’s superiority in explaining mental causation over competing accounts is illusory. On one reading, the proposed explanation is not an explanation of the phenomenon that is at stake in the mental causation debate. On an alternative reading, it is an explanation of the right phenomenon, but analogous explanations are available to competing accounts with less counterintuitive commitments. While there may be other considerations supporting panpsychism, explaining mental causation is not one.
Ocular complications in adults with psoriasis: a cross-sectional study in a referral center in Brazil
Authors: Oliveira Ricardo Danilo Chagas , Faneli Adriano Cypriano , Amaral Dillan Cunha , Chagas Julia Motta , Guedes Jaime , Follador Ivonise , de Oliveira Maria de Fatima Santos Paim , Fernandes Bruno F. , Correia Luis Claudio Lemos 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Purpose
There is limited literature on the ocular manifestations in patients with psoriasis. Therefore, this study aimed to identify the prevalence of and factors associated with ocular manifestations in adults with psoriasis.

Methods
This cross-sectional study included Brazilian adults with psoriasis. The dermatological evaluation included diagnosis, clinical form, Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) measurement, and location of the lesions. Patients underwent a full ophthalmological examination, including the Schirmer I test, Rose Bengala staining, and tear breakup time tests. The results were analyzed using chi-square and Pearson’s linear correlation tests.

Results
Of the 130 patients assessed, 118 (90.8%) exhibited ocular abnormalities, with meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) being the most prevalent (59.2%), followed by dry eye disease (DED) (56.2%). A significant correlation was observed between MGD and PASI (p = 0.05), and between MGD and certain treatment modalities. DED was significantly associated with PASI (p < 0.05). Concurrent use of acitretin was identified as an independent predictor of MGD (odds ratio [OR] = 3.5, p < 0.05), whereas PASI was a protective factor against DED (OR = 0.39, p < 0.01).

Conclusion
Given the high prevalence of eye disease among individuals with psoriasis, routine ophthalmological assessments are recommended to prevent possible ocular complications.
The spatial dimensions of cultural consumption: how distance influences consumption levels in a spatial setting
Authors: Biferale Lorenzo , Brandano Maria Giovanna , Crociata Alessandro , Melo Hygor P. M. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractCultural consumption has increasingly acquired a fundamental role in urban policy frameworks, thanks to its empirically proven positive effects on individuals and on societies. Although several theoretical and empirical contributions have examined the main socio-economic determinants that explain cultural consumption; its spatial dimensions remain significantly under-considered and require further analysis. The aim of this paper is to analyse the factors influencing cultural consumption with a focus on spatial distance and spatial dependence. Specifically, it seeks to inquire into the extent to which spatial distance between consumers and cultural institutions plays a role in neighbourhood’s levels of cultural consumption. To do this, human mobility data towards cultural institutions are used as a proxy for individual cultural consumption levels in six French cities. Results show that spatial proximity with the cultural offer matters in explaining consumption patterns, but that traditional socioeconomic determinants have a higher explanatory value.
Proper colorability of segment intersection graphs
Authors: Barish Robert D. , Shibuya Tetsuo 
Published: May 2024

AbstractWe consider the vertex proper coloring problem for highly restricted instances of geometric intersection graphs of line segments embedded in the plane. Provided a graph in the class UNIT-PURE-k-DIR, corresponding to intersection graphs of unit length segments lying in at most k directions with all parallel segments disjoint, and provided explicit coordinates for segments whose intersections induce the graph, we show for $$k = 4$$

k
=
4

that it is NP-complete to decide if a proper 3-coloring exists, and moreover, $$\#P$$

#
P

-complete under many-one counting reductions to determine the number of such colorings. In addition, under the more relaxed constraint that segments have at most two distinct lengths, we show these same hardness results hold for finding and counting proper $$\left( k-1\right) $$

k
-
1

-colorings for every $$k \ge 5$$

k
≥
5

. More generally, we establish that the problem of proper 3-coloring an arbitrary graph with m edges can be reduced in $${\mathcal {O}}\left( m^2\right) $$

O

m
2

time to the problem of proper 3-coloring a UNIT-PURE-4-DIR graph. This can then be shown to imply that no $$2^{o\left( \sqrt{n}\right) }$$

2

o

n

time algorithm can exist for proper 3-coloring PURE-4-DIR graphs under the Exponential Time Hypothesis (ETH), and by a slightly more elaborate construction, that no $$2^{o\left( \sqrt{n}\right) }$$

2

o

n

time algorithm can exist for counting the such colorings under the Counting Exponential Time Hypothesis (#ETH). Finally, we prove an NP-hardness result for the optimization problem of finding a maximum order proper 3-colorable induced subgraph of a UNIT-PURE-4-DIR graph.
A Systematic Review of Trajectories of Clinically Relevant Distress Amongst Adults with Cancer: Course and Predictors
Authors: Curran Leah , Mahoney Alison , Hastings Bradley 
Published: May 2024

AbstractTo improve interventions for people with cancer who experience clinically relevant distress, it is important to understand how distress evolves over time and why. This review synthesizes the literature on trajectories of distress in adult patients with cancer. Databases were searched for longitudinal studies using a validated clinical tool to group patients into distress trajectories. Twelve studies were identified reporting trajectories of depression, anxiety, adjustment disorder or post-traumatic stress disorder. Heterogeneity between studies was high, including the timing of baseline assessments and follow-up intervals. Up to 1 in 5 people experienced persistent depression or anxiety. Eight studies examined predictors of trajectories; the most consistent predictor was physical symptoms or functioning. Due to study methodology and heterogeneity, limited conclusions could be drawn about why distress is maintained or emerges for some patients. Future research should use valid clinical measures and assess theoretically driven predictors amendable to interventions.
Characterization of Corrosion-Induced Fracture in Reinforced Concrete Beams Using Electrical Potential, Ultrasound and Low-Frequency Vibration
Authors: Ferenc Tomasz , Wojtczak Erwin , Meronk Błażej , Ryl Jacek , Wilde Krzysztof , Rucka Magdalena 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe paper deals with the non-destructive experimental testing of the reinforced concrete beams under progressive corrosion. A series of experiments using electrical potential, ultrasound and low-frequency vibrations techniques are reported. Electrical potential and natural frequencies were used to characterise and monitor the corrosion process at its initial state. The P-wave velocity measurements were proved to be effective in quantitative assessment of the level of corrosion as it progresses. The possibility of early detection of damage using a proposed damage index and diagnostic framework is promising for possible applications in the non-invasive diagnostics of reinforced concrete elements.
Bill 7633 on the restriction of the use of Russian text sources in Ukrainian research and education: analysing language policy in times of war
Authors: Lunyova Tetyana , Lanvers Ursula , Zelik Oksana 
Published: May 2024

AbstractFor centuries, Ukraine has been a site of conflicts over language rights. During 70 years of Soviet leadership, Ukraine experienced’relentless Russification’ (Reznik in Language of conflict: discourses of the Ukrainian crisis (pp. 169–191). Bloomsbury Publishing, London, 2020 p. 170). After breaking from Soviet rule, the Ukrainian language became an increasingly powerful symbol and means of national identity. Since the full-scale Russian invasion of Ukraine in 2022, the language issues have gained yet more public and political attention. Addressing the urgency, the Ukrainian parliament adopted, in the first reading, Bill 7633, aiming to restrict the use of any Russian sources in Ukrainian school and academia, a bill that was met with criticism and experienced intensified debates. This article analyses a range of text sources (both governmental and non-governmental) debating Bill 7633, using Discourse Analysis, and reveals how ‘liberal values’ and ‘lived liberalism’ (Fedirko et al. in Social Anthropol/Anthropol soc 29(2):373–386, 2021) are practiced or violated through problematising or justifying the Bill. Thus, the article contributes to the (recently emerged, i.e. since the start of Russian annexation of the Crimea in 2014) body of research on political and public discourses of the Ukrainian conflict (Epstein in Studies in East Eur Thought 74(4), 475–481; Jones, 2020; Lanvers and Lunyova in Eur J Lang Policy 15(1), 25–68; Slobozhan et al. in Soc Netw Anal Min 12(1), 1–12, 2022). Results show a comprehensive range of arguments both for and against Bill 7633 in both governmental and non-governmental texts which is interpreted as a form of liberalism in fragments (Fedirko in Social Anthropol/Anthropol Soc, 29(2), 471–489, 2021). The conclusion debates the unreserved applicability of western conceptualisation of liberal language policy in the context of war and prolonged linguistic contestations.
Ancestry of the major long-range regulatory site of the α-globin genes in the Portuguese population with the common 3.7 kb α-thalassemia deletion
Authors: Pena Rita , Lopes Pedro , Gaspar Gisela , Miranda Armandina , Faustino Paula 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background
The α-Major Regulatory Element (α-MRE), also known as HS-40, is located upstream of the α-globin gene cluster and has a crucial role in the long-range regulation of the α-globin gene expression. This enhancer is polymorphic and several haplotypes were identified in different populations, with haplotype D almost exclusively found in African populations. The purpose of this research was to identify the HS-40 haplotype associated with the 3.7 kb α-thalassemia deletion (-α3.7del) in the Portuguese population, and determine its ancestry and influence on patients’ hematological phenotype.

Methods and results
We selected 111 Portuguese individuals previously analyzed by Gap-PCR to detect the presence of the -α3.7del: 50 without the -α3.7del, 34 heterozygous and 27 homozygous for the -α3.7del. The HS-40 region was amplified by PCR followed by Sanger sequencing. Four HS-40 haplotypes were found (A to D). The distribution of HS-40 haplotypes and genotypes are significantly different between individuals with and without the -α3.7del, being haplotype D and genotype AD the most prevalent in patients with this deletion in homozygosity. Furthermore, multiple correspondence analysis revealed that individuals without the -α3.7del are grouped with other European populations, while samples with the -α3.7del are separated from these and found more closely related to the African population.

Conclusion
This study revealed for the first time an association of the HS-40 haplotype D with the -α3.7del in the Portuguese population, and its likely African ancestry. These results may have clinical importance as in vitro analysis of haplotype D showed a decrease in its enhancer activity on α-globin gene.
Linagliptin ameliorates tacrolimus-induced renal injury: role of Nrf2/HO-1 and HIF-1α/CTGF/PAI-1
Authors: Nady Mohamed E. , El-Raouf Ola M. Abd , El-Sayed El-Sayed M. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background
Tacrolimus (TAC) is a frequently used immunosuppressive medication in organ transplantation. However, its nephrotoxic impact limits its long-term usage. This study aims to investigate the effect of linagliptin (Lina) on TAC-induced renal injury and its underlying mechanisms.

Methods and results
Thirty-two Sprague Dawley rats were treated with TAC (1.5 mg/kg/day, subcutaneously) and/or Lina (5 mg/kg/day, orally) for 4 weeks. Histological examination was conducted, and serum and urinary biomarkers were measured to assess kidney function and integrity. Furthermore, ELISA, Western blot analysis and immunohistochemical assay were employed to determine signaling molecules of oxidative stress, profibrogenic, hypoxic, and apoptotic proteins. Tacrolimus caused renal dysfunction and histological deterioration evidenced by increased serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), urinary cystatin C, and decreased serum albumin as well as elevated tubular injury and interstitial fibrosis scores. Additionally, TAC significantly increased the expression of collagen type-1, alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), and transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-β1) renal content. Moreover, TAC decreased the expression of nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor2 (Nrf2), heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1), and mitochondrial superoxide dismutase (SOD2). In addition, TAC increased protein expression of hypoxia-inducible factor1-alpha (HIF-1α), connective tissue growth factor (CTGF), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), as well as nitric oxide (NO), 4-hydroxynonenal, caspase-3 and Bax renal contents. Furthermore, TAC decreased Bcl-2 renal contents. The Lina administration markedly attenuated these alterations.

Conclusion
Lina ameliorated TAC-induced kidney injury through modulation of oxidative stress, hypoxia, and apoptosis related proteins.
Rapid Diagnosis of Pneumocystis jirovecii Pneumonia and Respiratory Tract Colonization by Next-Generation Sequencing
Authors: Xing Fanfan , Deng Chaowen , Luo Zhendong , Zou Shan , Liu Min , Ye Haiyan , Sun Linlin , Tsang Chi-Ching , Lo Simon K. F. , Lau Susanna K. P. , Woo Patrick C. Y. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Objectives
To describe the epidemiology of Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia and colonization diagnosed by next-generation sequencing (NGS) and explore the usefulness of the number of P. jirovecii sequence reads for the diagnosis of P. jirovecii pneumonia.

Methods
We examined the NGS results for P. jirovecii in respiratory samples collected from patients and analysed their clinical, radiological and microbiological characteristics.

Results
Among 285 respiratory samples collected over a 12-month period (January to December 2022), P. jirovecii sequences were detected in 56 samples from 53 patients. Fifty (94.3%) of the 53 patients were HIV-negative. Following our case definitions, 37 (69.8%) and 16 (30.2%) of the 53 patients had P. jirovecii infection and colonization respectively. P. jirovecii infection was associated with presence of underlying disease with immunosuppression (94.6% vs 18.8%, P < 0.05), positive serum 1,3-β-D-glucan (41.2% vs 0%, P < 0.01) and higher number of P. jirovecii sequence reads (P < 0.005). In contrast, P. jirovecii colonization was associated with the male sex (93.8% vs 54.1%, P < 0.01), another definitive infectious disease diagnosis of the respiratory tract (43.8% vs 2.7%, P < 0.001) and higher survival (100% vs 67.6%, P < 0.01). Although P. jirovecii pneumonia was associated with higher number of P. jirovecii reads in respiratory samples, only a sensitivity of 82.14% and a specificity of 68.75% could be achieved.

Conclusion
Detection of P. jirovecii sequences in respiratory samples has to be interpreted discreetly. A combination of clinical, radiological and laboratory findings is still the most crucial in determining whether a particular case is genuine P. jirovecii pneumonia.
Exploring European Consensus About the Remaining Treatment Challenges and Subsequent Opportunities to Improve the Management of Invasive Fungal Infection (IFI) in the Intensive Care Unit
Authors: Hoenigl Martin , Enoch David A. , Wichmann Dominic , Wyncoll Duncan , Cortegiani Andrea 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
The global prevalence of invasive fungal infections (IFI) is increasing, particularly within Intensive Care Units (ICU), where Candida spp. and Aspergillus spp. represent the most important pathogens. Diagnosis and management of IFIs becomes progressively challenging, with increasing antifungal resistance and the emergence of rare fungal species.
Through a consensus survey focused on assessing current views on how IFI should be managed, the aim of this project was to identify challenges around diagnosing and managing IFIs in the ICU. The current status in different countries and perceived challenges to date amongst a multidisciplinary cohort of healthcare professionals involved in the care of IFI in the ICU was assessed.

Methods
Using a modified Delphi approach, an expert panel developed 44 Likert-scale statements across 6 key domains concerning patient screening and minimal standards for diagnosis of IFIs in ICU; initiation and termination of antifungal treatments and how to minimise their side effects and insights for future research on this topic. These were used to develop an online survey which was distributed on a convenience sampling basis utilising the subscriber list held by an independent provider (M3 Global). This survey was distributed to intensivists, infectious disease specialists, microbiologists and antimicrobial/ICU pharmacists within the UK, Germany, Spain, France and Italy. The threshold for consensus was set at 75%.

Results
A total of 335 responses were received during the five-month collection period. From these, 29/44 (66%) statements attained very high agreement (90%), 11/44 (25%) high agreement (< 90% and ≥ 75%), and 4/44 (9%) did not meet threshold for consensus (< 75%).

Conclusion
The results outline the need for physicians to be aware of the local incidence of IFI and the associated rate of azole resistance in their ICUs. Where high clinical suspicion exists, treatment should start immediately and prior to receiving the results from any diagnostic test. Beta-D-glucan testing should be available to all ICU centres, with results available within 48 h to inform the cessation of empirical antifungal therapy. These consensus statements and proposed measures may guide future areas for further research to optimise the management of IFIs in the ICU.
Design and analysis of polarization-insensitive molybdenum-based ultra-wideband solar energy absorber with wide-incident-angle
Authors: Abouelez Ahmed Elsayed , Eldiwany Essam A. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractWe introduce an ultra-wideband absorber with a molybdenum and Al2O3 multilayer structure for solar energy harvesting. The proposed structure could maintain its structural integrity at high temperatures thanks to the refractory materials used in its construction. Under normal incidence of optical waves, absorption of more than 90% is achieved throughout a broad range of wavelengths from 300 nm to approximately 3177 nm with a bandwidth of 2877 nm which covers ultraviolet, visible, and near-infrared spectral bands. The average absorption in that band is calculated to be 96.46%. The proposed design’s symmetrical characteristic makes the absorber insensitive to the polarization of the incident optical wave. Furthermore, throughout a broad range of optical wave angles of incidence for both transverse electric and transverse magnetic polarizations, the absorber supports absorptivity greater than 80%.