bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Benign enzymatic synthesis of multiwalled carbon nanotube composites uniformly coated with polypyrrole for supercapacitors
Authors: Ryu Keungarp , Xue Huahua , Park Junghee 
Published: August 2012

AbstractBACKGROUND: Recently, various composites of carbon nanomaterials and conducting polymers have been actively investigated as potential electrode materials for supercapacitors which can store and deliver large amounts of electrical energy promptly. Harsh chemical or complex electrodeposition methods have been studied to prepare such composites. In this report, the mild and simple enzymatic catalysis of horseradish peroxidase (EC 1.11.1.7) in aqueous solutions (pH 4.0) was utilized for the first time to prepare composites of multiwalled carbon nanotubes and polypyrrole.RESULTS: Electron micrographs show that in situ enzymatic reaction by horseradish peroxidase enables the uniform coating of multiwalled carbon nanotubes with polypyrrole without containing the polymer aggregates. The specific capacitance of the composites (46.2 F g−1) measured with a two‐electrode cell containing an electrolyte of 1 mol L−1 NaNO3 increased more than four‐fold compared with that obtained with bare multiwalled carbon nanotubes (10.8 F g−1).CONCLUSIONS: Horseradish peroxidase‐catalyzed in situ synthesis of the composites of multiwalled carbon nanotubes and polypyrrole requires neither the derivatization of multiwalled carbon nanotubes and/or pyrrole monomers nor the post‐doping of the synthesized composites to enhance the capacitance of the composites. © 2012 Society of Chemical Industry
Remote sonographic interpretation: Comparison of standardized video clips to still images
Authors: Parsai Arman , Zerizer Imene , Hohmann Joachim , Bongartz Georg , Beglinger Christoph , Sperandeo Giuseppe 
Published: August 2012

AbstractObjective.The aim of our study was to evaluate the role of standardized video clips compared with still images in the diagnostic accuracy of remote sonographic interpretation.Methods.We compared the remote interpretation of sonographic examinations acquired with a standardized video clip approach to examinations performed with still images alone in 60 patients with various hepatic and extrahepatic pathologies.Results.The use of video clips improved the diagnostic accuracy of sonographic studies interpreted remotely compared with the use of still images (p < 0.0001). The sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values increased from 47.3% to 68.3%, 81.8% to 87.8%, 71.5% to 81%, and 63.8% to 74.5%, respectively.Conclusions.Standardized video clips are easy to obtain, less operator‐dependent than still images, and can be transferred to remote sites without loss of important data. We recommend this method in remote interpretation (teleradiology and distant consultation) of sonographic examinations. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound 40:495–501, 2012
Immunolocalization, gene expression, and enzymatic activity of cyclooxygenases, prostaglandin e2‐9‐ketoreductase, and nitric oxide synthases in mediterranean buffalo (bubalus bubalis) corpora lutea during diestrus
Authors: Parillo F. , Catone G. , Maranesi M. , Gobbetti A. , Gasparrini B. , Russo M. , Boiti C. , Zerani M. 
Published: August 2012

AbstractImmunopresence, gene expression, and enzymatic activity of cyclooxygenase 1 (COX1), COX2, PGE2‐9‐ketoreductase (PGE2‐9‐K), endothelial (eNOS), and inducible nitric oxide synthases (iNOS), and hormone in vitro production were examined in early, mid, late, and regressive buffalo corpora lutea (CL). COX1 immunosignals were detected in the cytoplasm of small luteal cells, COX2 in large luteal cells, and PGE2‐9‐K in all luteal cells. COX2 and PGE2‐9‐K immunosignals were greater in late CL. Immunopresence of both NOS types were evidenced in the nuclei and cytoplasm of all luteal cells, as well as in the nuclei of endothelial cells, during all stages studied. The eNOS and iNOS immunosignals increased during the early stage. COX1 transcripts were lower in late and regressive CL, COX2 in late, PGE2‐9‐K higher in regressive, and iNOS higher in early and lower in regressive CL. COX1 enzymatic activity was lower in regressive CL, COX2 increased in mid and late stages, and PGE2‐9‐K was higher in late CL. Endothelial NOS activity was higher during mid and late stages and lower in regressive, whereas iNOS was greater in late and lower in early. Progesterone in vitro release was higher in mid and lower in late phase, while PGF2α synthesis was higher in late CL and lower in regressive, and PGE2 was higher during regressive stage. These results support the idea that COX, NOS, and PGE2‐9‐K regulate buffalo CL life span. In particular, regressive CL seems involved in the development of the contralateral early CL, through the production of the luteotrophic PGE2. Microsc. Res. Tech., 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Does sepsis treatment differ between primary and overflow intensive care units?
Authors: Vishnupriya Kittane , Falade Olufunmilayo , Workneh Addisu , Chandolu Satish , Landis Regina , Elizabeth Kaweesa , Iyengar Reethi , Wright Scott , Sevransky Jonathan 
Published: August 2012

AbstractBACKGROUND:Sepsis is a major cause of death in hospitalized patients. Early goal‐directed therapy is the standard of care. When primary intensive care units (ICUs) are full, sepsis patients are cared for in overflow ICUs.OBJECTIVE:To determine if process‐of‐care measures in the care of sepsis patients differed between primary and overflow ICUs at our institution.DESIGN:We conducted a retrospective study of all adult patients admitted with sepsis between July 2009 and February 2010 to either the primary ICU or the overflow ICU.MEASUREMENTS:Baseline patient characteristics and multiple process‐of‐care measures, including diagnostic and therapeutic interventions.RESULTS:There were 141 patients admitted with sepsis to our hospital; 100 were cared for in the primary ICU and 41 in the overflow ICU. Baseline acute physiology and chronic health evaluation (APACHE II) scores were similar. Patients received similar processes‐of‐care in the primary ICU and overflow ICU with the exception of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and gastrointestinal (GI) prophylaxis within 24 hours of admission, which were better adhered to in the primary ICU (74% vs 49%, P = 0.004, and 68% vs 44%, P = 0.012, respectively). There were no significant differences in hospital and ICU length of stay between the 2 units (9.68 days vs 9.73 days, P = 0.98, and 4.78 days vs 4.92 days, P = 0.97, respectively).CONCLUSIONS:Patients with sepsis admitted to the primary ICU and overflow ICU at our institution were managed similarly. Overflowing sepsis patients to non‐primary intensive care units may not affect guideline‐concordant care delivery or length of stay. Journal of Hospital Medicine 2012; © 2012 Society of Hospital Medicine
Effects of increased overnight supervision on resident education, decision‐making, and autonomy
Authors: Haber Lawrence A. , Lau Catherine Y. , Sharpe Bradley A. , Arora Vineet M. , Farnan Jeanne M. , Ranji Sumant R. 
Published: August 2012

AbstractBACKGROUND:New supervisory regulations highlight the challenge of balancing housestaff supervision and autonomy. To better understand the impact of increased supervision on residency training, we investigated housestaff perceptions of education, autonomy, and clinical decision‐making before and after implementation of an in‐hospital, overnight attending physician (nocturnist).METHODS:We established a nocturnist program in July 2010 at our academic, tertiary care medical center. We administered pre‐surveys and post‐surveys of internal medicine residents on night float rotation during the 2010–2011 academic year. We surveyed residents before and after experiencing the nocturnist program.RESULTS:Housestaff reported an increase in the clinical value of the night float rotation (3.95 vs 4.27, P = 0.01) and the adequacy of overnight supervision (3.65 vs 4.30, P < 0.0001) without a change in decision‐making autonomy (4.35 vs 4.45, P = 0.44). Trainees agreed that nocturnist supervision positively impacted patient outcomes (3.79 vs 4.30, P = 0.002). Housestaff contacted attendings more frequently for transfers from outside facilities (2.00 vs 3.20, P = 0.006), during adverse events (2.51 vs 3.25, P = 0.04), prior to ordering invasive diagnostics (1.75 vs 2.76, P = 0.004), and prior to vasopressor use (1.52 vs 2.40, P = 0.004). Residents' fear of revealing knowledge gaps and desire to make decisions independently did not change.CONCLUSIONS:Increased overnight supervision enhanced the clinical value of the night float rotation, increased rates of attending contact during critical clinical decision‐making, and improved perception of patient care. These changes occurred without a decrease in housestaff's perceived decision‐making autonomy. Journal of Hospital Medicine 2012; © 2012 Society of Hospital Medicine
Correlations among risk‐standardized mortality rates and among risk‐standardized readmission rates within hospitals
Authors: Horwitz Leora I. , Wang Yongfei , Desai Mayur M. , Curry Leslie A. , Bradley Elizabeth H. , Drye Elizabeth E. , Krumholz Harlan M. 
Published: August 2012

AbstractBACKGROUND:Hospital‐level, 30‐day risk‐standardized mortality and readmission rates are publicly reported for Medicare patients admitted with acute myocardial infarction (AMI), heart failure (HF), and pneumonia, but the correlations among mortality rates and among readmission rates within US hospitals for these conditions are unknown. Correlation among measures within the same hospital would suggest that there are common hospital‐wide quality factors.METHODS:We designed a cross‐sectional study of US hospital 30‐day risk‐standardized mortality and readmission rates for Medicare fee‐for‐service beneficiaries from July 2007 to June 2009. We assessed the correlation between pairs of risk‐standardized mortality rates and pairs of risk‐standardized readmission rates for AMI, HF, and pneumonia.RESULTS:The mortality cohort included 4559 hospitals, and the readmission cohort included 4468 hospitals. Every mortality measure was significantly correlated with every other mortality measure (range of correlation coefficients, 0.27–0.41, P < 0.0001 for all correlations). Every readmission measure was significantly correlated with every other readmission measure (range of correlation coefficients, 0.32–0.47, P < 0.0001 for all correlations). For each condition pair and outcome, one‐third or more of hospitals were in the same quartile of performance. Correlations were highest within large, nonprofit, urban, and/or Council of Teaching Hospitals members. For any given condition pair, the correlation between readmission rates was significantly higher than the correlation between mortality rates (P < 0.01 for all pairs).CONCLUSION:Risk‐standardized readmission rates are moderately correlated with each other within hospitals, as are risk‐standardized mortality rates. This suggests that there may be common hospital‐wide factors affecting hospital outcomes. Journal of Hospital Medicine 2012. © 2012 Society of Hospital Medicine
Subject‐specific models of susceptibility‐induced B0 field variations in breast MRI
Authors: Jordan Caroline D. , Daniel Bruce L. , Koch Kevin M. , Yu Huanzhou , Conolly Steve , Hargreaves Brian A. 
Published: August 2012

AbstractPurpose:To rapidly calculate and validate subject‐specific field maps based on the three‐dimensional shape of the bilateral breast volume.Materials and Methods:Ten healthy female volunteers were scanned at 3 Tesla using a multi‐echo sequence that provides water, fat, in‐phase, out‐of‐phase, and field map images. A shape‐specific binary mask was automatically generated to calculate a computed field map using a dipole field model. The measured and computed field maps were compared by visualizing the spatial distribution of the difference field map, the mean absolute error, and the 80% distribution widths of frequency histograms.Results:The 10 computed field maps had a mean absolute error of 38 Hz (0.29 ppm) compared with the measured field maps. The average 80% distribution widths for the histograms of all of the computed, measured, and difference field maps are 205 Hz, 233 Hz, and 120 Hz, respectively.Conclusion:The computed field maps had substantial overall agreement with the measured field maps, indicating that breast MRI field maps can be computed based on the air–tissue interfaces. These estimates may provide a predictive model for field variations and thus have the potential to improve applications in breast MRI. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2013;37:227–232. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Accelerating three‐dimensional molecular cardiovascular MR imaging using compressed sensing
Authors: Prieto Claudia , Andia Marcelo E. , von Bary Christian , Onthank David C. , Schaeffter Tobias , Botnar Rene M. 
Published: August 2012

AbstractPurpose:To accelerate the acquisition of three‐dimensional (3D) high‐resolution cardiovascular molecular MRI by using Compressed Sensing (CS) reconstruction.Materials and Methods:Molecular MRI is an emerging technique for the early assessment of cardiovascular disease. This technique provides excellent soft tissue differentiation at a molecular and cellular level using target‐specific contrast agents (CAs). However, long scan times are required for 3D molecular MRI. Parallel imaging can be used to speed‐up these acquisitions, but hardware considerations limit the maximum acceleration factor. This limitation is important in small‐animal studies, where single‐coils are commonly used. Here we exploit the sparse nature of molecular MR images, which are characterized by localized and high‐contrast biological target‐enhancement, to accelerate data acquisition. CS was applied to detect: (a) venous thromboembolism and (b) coronary injury and aortic vessel wall in single‐ and multiple‐coils acquisitions, respectively.Results:Retrospective undersampling showed good overall image quality with accelerations up to four for thrombus and aortic images, and up to three for coronary artery images. For higher acceleration factors, features with high CA uptake were still well recovered while low affinity targets were less preserved with increased CS undersampling artifacts. Prospective undersampling was performed in an aortic image with acceleration of two, showing good contrast and well‐defined tissue boundaries in the contrast‐enhanced regions.Conclusion:We demonstrate the successful application of CS to preclinical molecular MR with target specific gadolinium‐based CAs using retrospective (accelerations up to four) and prospective (acceleration of two) undersampling. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2012; 36:1362–1371. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Cervical muscle area measurements in whiplash patients: Acute, 3, and 6 months of follow‐up
Authors: Ulbrich Erika J. , Aeberhard Ramon , Wetli Sylvia , Busato Andre , Boesch Chris , Zimmermann Heinz , Hodler Juerg , Anderson Suzanne E. , Sturzenegger Matthias 
Published: August 2012

AbstractPurpose:To investigate the role of the cervical spine muscles in whiplash injury. We hypothesized that (i) cervical muscle hypotrophy would be evident after a 6‐month follow‐up and, (ii) cervical muscle hypotrophy would correlate with symptom persistence probably related to pain or inactivity.Materials and Methods:Ninety symptomatic patients (48 females) were recruited from our emergency department and examined within 48 h, and at 3, and 6 months after a motor vehicle accident. MRI cross‐sectional muscle area (CSA) measurements were performed bilaterally of the cervical extensor and sternocleidomastoid muscles using transverse STIR (Short Tau inversion Recovery) sequences at the C2 (deep and total dorsal cervical extensor muscles), C4 (sternocleidomastoid muscles) and C5 (deep and total dorsal cervical extensor muscles) levels. Two blinded raters independently performed the measurements at each time point. First, CSA changes over time were analyzed and, second, CSAs were correlated with clinical outcomes (EuroQuol, Whiplash Disability Score, neck pain intensity [VAS], cervical spine mobility).Results:There was a high agreement of CSA measurements between the two raters. Women consistently had smaller CSAs than men. There were no significant changes of CSAs over time at any of the three levels. There were no consistent significant correlations of CSA values with the clinical scores at all time points except with the body mass index.Conclusion:Our results do not support a major role of cervical muscle volume in the genesis of symptoms after whiplash injury. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2012; 36:1413–1420. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Reduction of sodium and increment of calcium and ω‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in dry fermented sausages: effects on the mineral content, lipid profile and sensory quality
Authors: García‐Íñiguez de Ciriano Mikel , Berasategi Izaskun , Navarro‐Blasco Íñigo , Astiasarán Iciar , Ansorena Diana 
Published: August 2012

AbstractBACKGROUND: A combined technological approach was applied in the development of healthier dry fermented sausages: a partial substitution of the pork back fat by pre‐emulsified linseed oil and a partial replacement of sodium chloride with calcium ascorbate at two different levels, leading to low amounts of salt (14gSalt and 10gSalt, with 14 g and 10 g NaCl per kg of mixture, respectively).RESULTS: The developed products (14gSalt and 10gSalt) showed adequate results for aw (0.85 and 0.87) and pH (4.98 and 5.21), and low lipid oxidation values (1.4 × 10−4 and 1.5 × 10−5 g malondialdehyde (MDA) kg−1). The lipid modification led to a significantly higher supply of ω‐3 (23.3 g kg−1) compared to the control (3.2 g kg−1). Simultaneously, reductions of 38% and 50% in sodium content and a calcium supply of 4 and 5.2 g kg−1 were achieved in the 14gSalt and 10gSalt formulations, respectively, compared to the control products (26 g salt and 0.87 g kg−1 Ca). Instrumental analysis of colour and texture and sensory studies demonstrated that the organoleptic quality of the new formulations was similar to that of traditional products.CONCLUSIONS: The developed dry fermented sausages showed healthier properties than traditional ones owing to their reduced sodium and higher calcium content and a significant supply of ω‐3 fatty acids. © 2012 Society of Chemical Industry
A new strategy for improved glutathione production from Saccharomyces cerevisiae: use of cysteine‐ and glycine‐rich chicken feather protein hydrolysate as a new cheap substrate
Authors: Taskin Mesut 
Published: August 2012

AbstractBACKGROUND: Glutathione (GSH) is composed of the amino acids glutamic acid, cysteine and glycine. This study investigated the usability of chicken feather protein hydrolysate (chicken feather peptone, CFP) as a substrate for GSH production from Saccharomyces cerevisiae.RESULTS: CFP was found to be rich in ash (36.7 g per 100 g), protein (61.1 g per 100 g) and minerals (S, P, K, Ca, Fe, Na and Mg). It also had high contents of cysteine and glycine. CFP augmented biomass and GSH production by 53 and 115% respectively compared with the control medium. The highest biomass (17.4 g l−1) and GSH (271 mg L−1) concentrations were attained in CFP medium. The second highest biomass (16.8 g l−1) and GSH (255 mg L−1) concentrations were obtained in fish peptone medium. It was assumed that the high mineral, cysteine and glycine contents of CFP were related to cell growth and GSH synthesis in S. cerevisiae.CONCLUSION: This is the first report on the effect of cysteine‐ and glycine‐rich protein hydrolysates on GSH production from S. cerevisiae. In this regard, CFP was tested for the first time as a GSH production substrate. As an additional contribution, a new hydrolysis process was developed for the preparation of protein hydrolysates. © 2012 Society of Chemical Industry
Multi‐method comparison of carrot quality from a conventional and three organic cropping systems with increasing levels of nutrient recycling
Authors: Paoletti Flavio , Raffo Antonio , Kristensen Hanne L , Thorup‐Kristensen Kristian , Seljåsen Randi , Torp Torfinn , Busscher Nicolaas , Ploeger Angelica , Kahl Johannes 
Published: August 2012

AbstractBACKGROUND: There is a need to advance the study of the effects of organic and conventional systems on product quality. In particular, little is known about the importance of different farming practices concerning nutrient cycling and the use of external inputs within organic farming for the quality characteristics of the products. In this study the quality characteristics of carrot grown under different farming practices (conventional and three organic cropping systems) over a two‐year period were analysed with the aim of discriminating between organic and conventional and investigating the effect of different organic farming practices concerning nutrient recycling and use of external nutrient input.RESULTS: All quality characteristics measured did not give a clear differentiation between the carrots from the different growing systems, even when multivariate statistical evaluation (principal component analysis) was applied, because of the significance of the differences between the field replicates within each management system and of the seasonality. Only some tendencies were emphasised over the two years that could be related to the fertilisation practices and the external inputs used.CONCLUSION: The results indicated that it was not possible to discriminate over the years between carrots from conventional and different organic cropping systems even though controlled conditions and a multi‐method approach of analysis were adopted. Copyright © 2012 Society of Chemical Industry
Method to improve color reproduction on a 120‐Hz two‐field color‐sequential LCD
Authors: Hammer Martin , Baar Teun , Zhang Yuning , Hinnen Karel J. G. , Langendijk Erno H. A. 
Published: August 2012

AbstractConventional displays use at least three primaries for full‐color image reproduction. In this contribution, the reproduction of color images using an LCD system with two local dynamic primaries, based on a segmented backlight, will be discussed. The two primaries are chosen to minimize color error by means of total least squares. Simulation results indicate quite good color reproduction for a large set of video data even with a limited number of backlight segments. A statistical analysis of this video content shows that excellent color reproduction (∆u′v′ < 0.020 for more than 99.0% of the pixels per frame) can be achieved for 74.2% of the frames using 9216 backlight segments.
Studies on oscillating chemical reaction in Cu(II)‐catalyzed thiocyanate–hydrogen peroxide–NaOH system using pulsating sensor
Authors: Das Kuheli , Sahoo P. , Murali N. 
Published: August 2012

AbstractWe present a novel measurement technique to study an oscillating chemical reaction using a new class of sensor, viz. a pulsating sensor developed in‐house. A halogen‐free oscillating chemical reaction in the Cu(II)‐catalyzed H2O2‐KSCN–NaOH system reported by Orban was chosen to examine the performance of this technique. Shift in potential during the oscillating reaction was captured online with high precision and excellent resolution using this simple but high‐performance pulsating potentiometric measurement technique. In this work, the influence of bath temperature and flow rate of reagents on the Cu(II)‐catalyzed H2O2–KSCN–NaOH oscillating chemical reaction is investigated to optimize the conditions for rapid oscillations. This, in turn, helps to evolve analyte pulse perturbation techniques for rapid assay of hydrazine, uranium(VI), and sodium thiosulfate in aqueous solutions using the above oscillating reaction. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Chem Kinet 45: 19–29, 2013