bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Setup Design and Data Evaluation for DEMS in Sodium Ion Batteries, Demonstrated on a Mn‐Rich Cathode Material
Authors: Geisler Jonas , Pfeiffer Lukas , A. Ferrero Guillermo , Axmann Peter , Adelhelm Philipp 
Published: June 2024

AbstractDifferential electrochemical mass spectrometry (DEMS) is a powerful operando method for analyzing side reactions in batteries. We describe our DEMS setup highlighting the relevance for implementing a reference electrode. Although the method provides valuable information, the correct assignment of the DEMS signals to types of gases and quantifying the amounts released can be challenging. A frequent limitation is that gas concentrations are calculated from single m/z ratios. This has the drawback of overlooking unexpected gases which can cause misinterpretation of the signal intensities, or even attributing to gases which are not actually formed. We present a multiple concentration determination (MCD) algorithm that uses the full MS‐spectra, which allows a more reliable determination of the gas release. We demonstrate this approach for Na‐ion half‐cells with P2‐Na0.67Mn3/4Ni1/4O2 (NaMNO) as cathode active material (CAM). Studying the gassing behavior for two electrolyte formulations (1 M NaPF6 in propylene carbonate (PC) and in diglyme (2G)). Against the general belief that glymes lead to more gassing at high potentials, we find that gas evolution for PC electrolytes is larger compared to 2G electrolytes. Dimethyl ether is found to be a decomposition product of 2G. Pressure change measurements are used to independently validate the gas quantification.
Hydrocarbon fuel blendstock from tannery waste: energy from fleshing oil via gas phase catalytic cracking
Authors: Onem Ersin , Heil Volker , Yesil Hasan , Prokein Michael , Renner Manfred 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe global leather industry generates large quantities of tannery waste. These leather wastes have a high fat content, which could be used for valuable products. This study focuses on the conversion of such fats into a biocrude to be distilled into a bio‐based hydrocarbon fuel blendstock. A biorefining technology defined as ‘gas‐phase catalytic cracking’ (GCC) over activated carbons, also referred to as ‘greasoline’, was used for conversion, and GC–MS/FID and simulated distillation for product characterization. The experiments were performed at ambient pressure and 450 °C reaction temperature, with 40 g h−1 of fat being processed over 55 g of steam‐activated carbon under a nitrogen atmosphere for a duration of 4 h. Fleshing oil obtained from the pre‐fleshing of double‐face lambskins by extraction with supercritical CO2 yielded almost the same mass fraction of organic liquid product (OLP) (59 wt%) as palm oil used as a reference (62 wt%). In both OLPs, n‐alkanes from heptane to heptadecane predominate, with a clear predominance of n‐pentadecane and n‐heptadecane and no unsaturated molecules among the major components. For both oils, about 85 wt% of the OLP is in the boiling range of diesel fuel, and about another 12 wt% is in the gasoline boiling range. The results show that mixtures of fatty acids extracted from leather tanning wastes can be used for value‐added products – in particular for the production of bio‐based hydrocarbon fuel blendstock.
Oral exposure to polystyrene nanoplastics altered the hypothalamic–pituitary–testicular axis role in hormonal regulation, inducing reproductive toxicity in albino rats
Authors: Ebrahim Marwa M. , El‐Dakdoky Mai H. , El‐Shafiey Sara Hatem , Amer Amany S. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundNanoplastics can be considered a novel contaminant for the environment because of their extensive applications in modern society, which represents a possible threat to humans. Nevertheless, the negative effect of polystyrene nanoplastics (PS‐NPs) on male reproduction, fertility, and progeny outcomes is not well known. Thus, the aim of the present work was to calculate the median lethal dose (LD50) and investigate the consequences of exposure to PS‐NPs (25 nm) on male reproductive toxicity.MethodsThis investigation first determined the LD50 of PS‐NPs in male Wistar rats, and then in a formal study, 24 rats were distributed into three groups (n = 8): the control group; the low‐dose group (3 mg/kg bw); and the high‐dose group (10 mg/kg bw) of PS‐NPs administered orally for 60 days. On the 50th day of administration, the fertility test was conducted.ResultsThe LD50 was determined to be 2500 mg/kg. PS‐NP administration induced significant alternations, mainly indicating mortality in the high‐dose group, a significant elevation in body weight gain, declined sperm quality parameters, altered reproductive hormonal levels, thyroid endocrine disruption, an alternation of the normal histo‐architecture and the histo‐morphometric analysis of the testes, and impaired male fertility.ConclusionAltogether, the current findings provide novel perspectives on PS‐NP general toxicity with specific reference to male reproductive toxicity.
Teaching basic personal finance to justice‐involved youth
Authors: Ethridge Amy N. , Kemp Jacqueline M. , Edgemon Anna Kate , Richling Sarah M. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractJustice‐involved youth (JIY) display skills deficits in a variety of domains, but particularly in life skills such as health habits, obtaining a job, and maintaining finances. These skills are particularly important for JIY, who often come from historically disenfranchised communities. This population encounters many challenges as they transition from juvenile correctional facilities to their respective communities. To have the greatest impact, these skills should likely be taught prior to the transition. Thus, the purpose of this study was to teach basic personal finance skills to adolescent males in a juvenile residential treatment facility, using an information packet with rehearsal and feedback. The intervention was specifically chosen to be minimally invasive due to the challenges presented by the COVID‐19 pandemic relating to providing services to JIY. Data were analyzed visually using nonconcurrent multiple baseline designs. The results of the study showed the intervention was moderately effective at teaching basic financial skills relating to budgeting, banking, and credit to four participants.
Molecular and genetics inquiry program using Drosophila eyes absent gene
Authors: Choi Jinhyeon , Jeon Sang‐Hak , Shim Hyeon‐Pyo 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe aim of this study was to develop molecular genetics inquiry programs using the eyes absent gene of Drosophila melanogaster. The program was composed of various molecular genetics experiments, including mutation observation, cross‐breeding, searching for genetic information in web databases, gDNA extraction, and PCR. Each experiment was designed to include a reasoning process, thus aligning the program closely with the structure of authentic scientific research. This program was also developed with a modular design to provide flexibility in its implementation. The program was implemented for middle school students affiliated with a university science education institute for the gifted, and surveys indicated that students had positive experiences with the program. Our findings suggest that the program provides students with a contextual understanding of how authentic research is conducted. Finally, we suggest ways to implement the program effectively.
Effects of modified‐constraint induced movement therapy based telerehabilitation on upper extremity motor functions in stroke patients
Authors: Saygili Fettah , Guclu‐Gunduz Arzu , Eldemir Sefa , Eldemir Kader , Ozkul Cagla , Gursoy Gorkem Tutal 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIntroductionThe aim of this study is to investigate the effects of Modified‐Constraint Induced Movement Therapy (m‐CIMT) based telerehabilitation on upper extremity motor functions in stroke patients.MethodsEighteen stroke patients were included and randomly allocated into two groups. The Tele‐CIMT (modified‐constraint induced movement therapy‐based telerehabilitation) (n = 10) group received m‐CIMT based telerehabilitation for 90 min a day, 5 weekdays for 3 weeks at home. Additionally, both the Tele‐CIMT group and the control group (CG) (n = 8) underwent the home exercise program aimed at improving range of motion, active movement, balance, and walking every weekday for 3 weeks at home. The outcome measures were the Stroke Rehabilitation Assessment of Movement Scale (STREAM), Fugl‐Meyer Upper Extremity Motor Evaluation Scale (FM‐UE), Wolf Motor Function Test (WMFT), 9‐Hole Peg Test (9‐HPT), grip strengths, pinch strengths, Motor Activity Log‐28 (MAL‐28), and Functional Independence Measure (FIM).ResultsSignificant group‐by‐time interactions on STREAM, FM‐UE, WMFT, grip strength, pinch strengths, MAL‐28, and FIM were found to be in favor of the Tele‐CIMT group. Additionally, post hoc analyses revealed that the Tele‐CIMT group significantly improved in terms of these parameters (p > .05).ConclusionThis is the first randomized controlled trial showing that Tele‐CIMT improved upper extremity motor functions and activities of daily living in stroke patients. Tele‐CIMT can help improve the upper extremities in stroke survivors who have difficulties reaching rehabilitation clinics.
High glucose inhibits autophagy and promotes the proliferation and metastasis of colorectal cancer through the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway
Authors: Li Feng , Wan Xing , Li Zhigui , Zhou Liming 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundColorectal cancer (CRC) ranks among the most prevalent malignancies worldwide, characterized by its complex etiology and slow research progress. Diabetes, as an independent risk factor for CRC, has been widely certified. Consequently, this study centers on elucidating the intricacies of CRC cells initiation and progression within a high‐glucose environment.MethodsA battery of assays was employed to assess the proliferation and metastasis of CRC cells cultured under varying glucose concentrations. Optimal glucose levels conducive to cells' proliferation and migration were identified. Western blot analyses were conducted to evaluate alterations in apoptosis, autophagy, and EMT‐related proteins in CRC cells under high‐glucose conditions. The expression of PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway‐associated proteins was assessed using western blot. The effect of high glucose on xenograft growth was investigated in vivo by MC38 cells, and changes in inflammatory factors (IL‐4, IL‐13, TNF‐α, IL‐5, and IL‐12) were measured via serum ELISA.ResultsOur experiments demonstrated that elevated glucose concentrations promoted both the proliferation and migration of CRC cells; the most favorable glucose dose is 20 mM. Western blot analyses revealed a decrease in apoptotic proteins, such as Bim, Bax, and caspase‐3 with increasing glucose levels. Concurrently, the expression of EMT‐related proteins, including N‐cadherin, vimentin, ZEB1, and MMP9, increased. High‐glucose cultured cells exhibited elevated levels of PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway proteins. In the xenograft model, tumor cells stimulated by high glucose exhibited accelerated growth, larger tumor volumes, and heightened KI67 expression of immunohistochemistry. ELISA experiments revealed higher expression of IL‐4 and IL‐13 and lower expression of TNF‐α and IL‐5 in the serum of high‐glucose‐stimulated mice.ConclusionThe most favorable dose and time for tumor cells proliferation and migration is 20 mM, 48 h. High glucose fosters CRC cell proliferation and migration while suppressing autophagy through the activation of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway.
The wingspan suspension approach: A modified semilunar technique for multiple areas of recession
Authors: Rascon Allison N. , Lander Bradley , Fiorellini Joseph P. , Neiva Rodrigo 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundGingival recession can be considered an undesirable condition that results in the exposure of the root surface. There are many techniques that can be employed to address gingival recession; however, they frequently involve a second surgical site. Other approaches have been introduced in the past to address this concern, and this case study discusses the use of a modified technique to achieve root coverage.MethodsA patient presented to the periodontics clinic with concerns regarding gingival recession. A modification to the semilunar technique was employed to address the recession, whereas double sling sutures were utilized to maintain the coronal repositioning of the flap.ResultsMaxillary central incisors initially presented with 2–3 mm of facial recession and root coverage was achieved by use of a modified surgical semilunar approach. No rebound noted over a 6‐month period, newly established gingival margin deemed clinically stable.ConclusionsThis case study provides an alternative to addressing gingival recession in the maxillary anterior region, when <3 mm of recession is noted. Avoidance of a second surgical procedure and/or donor site is of particular benefit, as well as maintenance of the blood supply.Key pointsWhy is this case new information?

There is insufficient evidence on the use of a modified wingspan incision design Phenotype modification with elimination of a second surgical site is most ideal for the patient.
What are the keys to successful management of this case?

Comprehensive diagnosis and proper case selection Meticulous flap management and adequate release to allow for repositioning without tension Appropriate use ofsuture and suturing technique.
What are the primary limitations to success in this case?

Thin periodontal phenotype Poor oral hygiene and plaque accumulation postoperatively Loss to follow‐up.
Usnic acid alleviates inflammatory responses and induces apoptotic signaling through inhibiting NF‐ĸB expressions in human oral carcinoma cells
Authors: Azhamuthu Theerthu , Kathiresan Suresh , Senkuttuvan Ilanchitchenni , Asath Nihal Ahamed Abulkalam , Ravichandran Pugazhendhi , Vasu Rajeswari 
Published: June 2024

AbstractUsnic acid (UA) is a unique bioactive substance in lichen with potential anticancer properties. Recently, we have reported that UA can reduce 7,12‐dimethylbenz[a] anthracene‐induced oral carcinogenesis by inhibiting oxidative stress, inflammation, and cell proliferation in a male golden Syrian hamster in vivo model. The present study aims to explore the relevant mechanism of cell death induced by UA on human oral carcinoma (KB) cell line in an in vitro model. We found that UA can induce apoptosis (cell death) in KB cells by decreasing cell viability, increasing the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), depolarizing mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) levels, causing nuclear fragmentation, altering apoptotic morphology, and causing excessive DNA damage. Additionally, UA inhibits the expression of Bcl‐2, a protein that promotes cell survival, while increasing the expression of p53, Bax, Cytochrome‐c, Caspase‐9, and 3 proteins in KB cells. UA also inhibits the expression of nuclear factor‐κB (NF‐κB), a protein that mediates the activation of pro‐inflammatory cytokines such as TNF‐α and IL‐6, in KB cells. Furthermore, UA promotes apoptosis by enhancing the mitochondrial‐mediated apoptotic mechanism through oxidative stress, depletion of cellular antioxidants, and an inflammatory response. Ultimately, the findings of this study suggest that UA may have potential as an anticancer therapeutic agent for oral cancer treatments.
Allergy to Theobroma Cacao
Authors: Nin Valencia Ana , Retes Lorena Soto , Bartolomé‐Zavala Borja , Perdomo Gutiérrez Gustavo , Bigorra Teresa 
Published: June 2024

AbstractWe present the case of a patient with antecedent of tree nuts allergy who developed an anaphylactic reaction after ingesting a piece chocolate. An allergy study detected sensitization to cocoa in skin tests as well as cross‐reactivity with tree nuts in the SDS‐PAGE immunoblotting‐inhibition.
Angiokeratoma of Fordyce—A rare complication of laser hair removal: A case report of two patients
Authors: Moeineddin Fatemeh , Pourgholi Elnaz , Rahmati‐Roudsari Mohammad , Robati Reza M. 
Published: June 2024

Key Clinical MessageThis study highlights the first documented cases of angiokeratoma of Fordyce following laser hair removal (LHR) emphasizing the importance of patient selection and careful laser use. It underscores the importance of understanding LHR‐associated risks, particularly for patients with darker skin. The efficacy of topical rapamycin as an alternative treatment for angiokeratomas is also discussed.AbstractLaser hair removal (LHR) has emerged as a widely accepted method for achieving long‐term hair reduction. While generally considered safe, it is important to study the possible adverse events to optimize patient care. Here, we present a unique case report of angiokeratoma of Fordyce, a rare vascular lesion, following LHR. Two patients experienced the development of these lesions subsequent to LHR treatment sessions, characterized by a severe burning sensation during the procedure. Interestingly, both individuals exhibited varicose veins on their legs, suggesting a potential risk factor for this complication. Our findings highlight the importance of understanding the mechanisms underlying LHR‐induced adverse events and the need for further research to elucidate associated risk factors and management strategies. This case report serves to enhance awareness among clinicians and emphasizes the significance of patient counseling regarding the potential side effects of LHR.
Lymphocytic infiltration as a marker of disease severity in patients with bullous pemphigoid—A case series
Authors: Mathur Mahesh , Thakur Neha , Das Gautam , Paudel Supriya , Jaiswal Sunil 
Published: June 2024

Key Clinical MessagePatients of Bullous Pemphigoid with predominant lymphocytic inflammatory infiltrate on histopathology have a severe form of the disease requiring high doses of steroids along with an adjuvant immunosuppressant. Thus, the histopathological evaluation would predict the severity of Bullous Pemphigoid, especially in countries where ELISA and immunofluorescence are not readily available.
Aspekte der Energiewende. Teil 1: Einfluss der Weibull‐Windgeschwindigkeitsverteilung auf die Kosten von PTX‐Produkten
Authors: Machhammer Otto , Janisch Ingo 
Published: June 2024

ZusammenfassungEs wird eine Berechnungsmethode zur Optimierung der Stromgestehungskosten (LCOE) und der Kosten für die anschließende Power‐to‐X (PTX)‐Produktion aus Windkraft vorgestellt, die auf Weibull‐Parametern und Kostenfunktionen basiert. Betrachtet werden die PTX‐Produkte Methanol, Ammoniak und synthetischer Diesel sowie Wasserstoff, der durch Hydrierung von flüssigem organischem Wasserstoffträger (LOHC) in eine leicht transportierbare Form gebracht wird. Exemplarisch für Produktionsstätten mit ausgezeichneten Windverhältnissen wurden Haru‐Oni in Chile und Tarfaya in Marokko gewählt. Verglichen werden diese mit drei heimischen Standorten mit sehr guten bis sehr mäßigen Windverhältnissen in der Reihenfolge Dornum (norddeutsche Küste), Senftenberg (Lausitz) und Ludwigshafen (Rheingraben).
Predictors of developing renal dysfunction following diagnosis of transthyretin cardiac amyloidosis
Authors: McDonald Malcolm L. , Manla Yosef , Sonnino Alice , Alonso Mileydis , Neicheril Radhika K. , Sanchez Alejandro , Lafave Gabrielle , Armas Yelenis Seijo De , Camargo Antonio Lewis , Uppal Dipan , Handa Armaan , Wolinsky David , Rivera Nina Thakkar , Velez Mauricio , Baran David A. , Estep Jerry D. , Snipelisky David 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundIn patients with transthyretin cardiac amyloidosis (ATTR‐CA), renal dysfunction is a poor prognostic indicator. Limited data are available on variables that portend worsening renal function (wRF) among ATTR‐CA patients.ObjectivesThis study assesses which characteristics place patients at higher risk for the development of wRF (defined as a drop of ≥10% in glomerular filtration rate [GFR]) within the first year following diagnosis of ATTR‐CA.MethodsWe included patients with ATTR‐CA (n = 134) evaluated between 2/2016 and 12/2022 and followed for up to 1 year at our amyloid clinic. Patients were stratified into two groups: a group with maintained renal function (mRF) and a group with wRF and compared using appropriate testing. Significant variables in the univariate analysis were included in the multivariable logistic regression model to determine characteristics associated with wRF.ResultsWithin a follow‐up period of 326 ± 118 days, the median GFR% change measured −6% [−18%, +8]. About 41.8% (n = 56) had wRF, while the remainder had mRF. In addition, in patients with no prior history of chronic kidney disease (CKD), 25.5% developed de novo CKD. On multivariable logistic regression, only New York Heart Association (NYHA) class ≥III (odds ratio [OR]: 3.9, 95% confidence interval [CI]: [1.6–9.3]), history of ischemic heart disease (IHD) (OR: 0.3, 95% CI: [0.1–0.7]), and not receiving SGLT‐2i (OR: 0.1, 95% CI: [0.02–0.5]) were significant predictors of wRF.ConclusionOur study demonstrated that the development of de novo renal dysfunction or wRF is common following the diagnosis of ATTR‐CA. Additionally, we identified worse NYHA class and no prior history of IHD as significant predictors associated with developing wRF, while receiving SGLT‐2i therapy appeared to be protective in this population.
The relationship between ambulatory arterial stiffness index and incident atrial fibrillation
Authors: Boos Christopher J. , Hein Aung , Wardill Tom , Diamondali Sadaf , Wai Su , O'Kane Peter , Khattab Ahmed 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe ambulatory arterial stiffness index (AASI) is an indirect measure of blood pressure variability and arterial stiffness which are atrial fibrillation (AF) risk factors. The relationship between AASI and AF development has not been previously investigated and was the primary aim of this study.MethodsThis was an observational cohort study of adults (aged 18–85 years) in sinus rhythm, who underwent 24‐h ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) for the diagnosis of hypertension or its control.ResultsEight hundred and twenty‐one patients (49% men) aged 58.7 ± 15.3 years were followed up for a median of 4.0 years (3317 patient‐years). In total, 75 patients (9.1%) developed ≥1 AF episode during follow‐up. The mean AASI was 0.46 ± 0.17 (median 0.46). AASI values (0.52 ± 0.16 vs. 0.45 ± 0.17; p < .001) and the proportion of AASI values above the median (65.3% vs. 48.4%; p = .005) were greater among the patients who developed AF versus those that did not respectively. AASI significantly correlated with age (r = .49; 95% confidence interval: 0.44–0.54: p < .001). On Kaplan–Meier analysis, higher baseline AASI by median, tertiles, and quartiles were all significantly associated with AF development (X2: 10.13; p < .001). On Cox regression analyses, both a 1‐standard deviation increase and AASI > median were independent predictors of AF, but this relationship was no longer significant when age was included in the model.ConclusionsAASI is an independent predictor of AF development. However, this relationship becomes insignificant after adjustment for age which is higher correlated with AASI.