bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Perceived feasibility, acceptability and impact of the family involvement intervention for severe mental illness: a qualitative study in Masaka - Uganda
Authors: Turiho Andrew Kampikaho , Musisi Seggane , Alinaitwe Racheal , Okello Elialilia S. , Bird Victoria Jane , Priebe Stefan , Sewankambo Nelson 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe burden of severe mental illness is high in low-resource settings like Uganda. But most affected people are not treated due to inadequacy of sectoral funding and trained mental health professionals. Medication has hitherto been the main method of treatment for severe mental illness worldwide. However, there is a growing realization that the use of community-based resource-oriented interventions like the family involvement are more effective and suitable for under-resourced settings. But there is a paucity of information about its applicability in Uganda.MethodsWe based the intervention at the mental health unit of Masaka Regional Referral Hospital, involving 30 patients with SMI, 60 family members and friends, and 6 mental health clinicians. It was delivered through regular monthly meetings of 5 patients, 10 caretakers, and 2 clinicians each, for six months. A purposive sample of 15 patients, 15 caretakers, and 6 clinicians participated in this qualitative evaluation study after 6 months. Data was collected using in-depth interviews. Atlas.Ti (version 7.0.82) computer software was used in data analysis. Both priori and grounded codes were used to code data.ResultsWe evaluated perceived feasibility, acceptability and impact of the intervention in the Ugandan context. The findings were largely positive. Feasibility was mainly driven by: the training of group facilitators, field support and supervision, prior relationship between participants, and scheduling and timing of meetings. Acceptability was supported by: anticipation of knowledge about mental illness, process and content of meetings, safety of meeting environment, and choice of participants and venue. Impact was majorly in domains of: knowledge about mental illness, psychosocial aspects of mental illness, networking and bonding, and patients’ quality of life. The success of the intervention would further be enhanced by its decentralization and homogenized composition of groups.ConclusionsThe intervention promises to spur improvement in the following main aspects of mental health services: accessibility since the meeting environment is more neutral and friendlier than the clinical setup; knowledge of mental illness; recognition of the important role of the family in management of mental illness; adoption of holistic approaches to mental illness; and quality of life of patients.
Minimization of occurrence of retained surgical items using machine learning and deep learning techniques: a review
Authors: Abo-Zahhad Mohammed , El-Malek Ahmed H. Abd , Sayed Mohammed S. , Gitau Susan Njeri 
Published: June 2024

AbstractRetained surgical items (RSIs) pose significant risks to patients and healthcare professionals, prompting extensive efforts to reduce their incidence. RSIs are objects inadvertently left within patients’ bodies after surgery, which can lead to severe consequences such as infections and death. The repercussions highlight the critical need to address this issue. Machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) have displayed considerable potential for enhancing the prevention of RSIs through heightened precision and decreased reliance on human involvement. ML techniques are finding an expanding number of applications in medicine, ranging from automated imaging analysis to diagnosis. DL has enabled substantial advances in the prediction capabilities of computers by combining the availability of massive volumes of data with extremely effective learning algorithms. This paper reviews and evaluates recently published articles on the application of ML and DL in RSIs prevention and diagnosis, stressing the need for a multi-layered approach that leverages each method’s strengths to mitigate RSI risks. It highlights the key findings, advantages, and limitations of the different techniques used. Extensive datasets for training ML and DL models could enhance RSI detection systems. This paper also discusses the various datasets used by researchers for training the models. In addition, future directions for improving these technologies for RSI diagnosis and prevention are considered. By merging ML and DL with current procedures, it is conceivable to substantially minimize RSIs, enhance patient safety, and elevate surgical care standards.
High expression levels of centromere protein O participates in cell proliferation of human ovarian cancer
Authors: Si Li-hui , Sun Guang-chao , Liu Zi-wei , Gu Shi-yu , Yan Chu-han , Xu Jin-yuan , Jia Yan 
Published: June 2024

AbstractOvarian cancer is a common malignant tumor in women, with a high mortality rate ranking first among gynecological tumors. Currently, there is insufficient understanding of the causes, pathogenesis, recurrence and metastasis of ovarian cancer, and early diagnosis and treatment still face great challenges. The sensitivity and specificity of existing ovarian cancer screening methods are still unsatisfactory. Centromere protein O (CENP-O) is a recently discovered structural centromere protein that is involved in cell death and is essential for spindle assembly, chromosome separation, and checkpoint signaling during mitosis. The abnormal high expression of CENP-O was detected in various tumors such as bladder cancer and gastric cancer, and it participates in the regulation of tumor cell proliferation. In this study, we detect the expression abundance of CENP-O mRNA in different ovarian cancer cells ( ES-2, A2780, Caov-3, OVCAR-3 and SK-OV-3). The biological function changes of cell proliferation and apoptosis were detected and the role of CENP-O in ovarian cancer cell proliferation and apoptosis was explored by knocking down the expression of CENP-O gene. The results showed that CENP-O gene was significantly expressed in 5 types of ovarian cancer cell lines. After knocking down the CENP-O gene, the proliferation and cloning ability of ovarian cancer cells decreased, and the apoptosis increased. This study indicates that CENP-O has the potential to be a molecular therapeutic target, and downregulating the expression of CENP-O gene can break the unlimited proliferation ability of cancer cells and promote their apoptosis, providing a foundation and new ideas for subsequent molecular mechanism research and targeted therapy.
The Concussion, Exercise, and Brain Networks (ConExNet) study: a cohort study aimed at understanding the effects of sub-maximal aerobic exercise on resting state functional brain activity in pediatric concussion
Authors: Sharma Bhanu , Koelink Eric , DeMatteo Carol , Noseworthy Michael D. , Timmons Brian W. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundRecent scientific evidence has challenged the traditional “rest-is-best” approach for concussion management. It is now thought that “exercise-is-medicine” for concussion, owing to dozens of studies which demonstrate that sub-maximal, graded aerobic exercise can reduce symptom burden and time to symptom resolution. However, the primaryneuropathologyof concussion is altered functional brain activity. To date, no studies have examined the effects of sub-maximal aerobic exercise on resting state functional brain activity in pediatric concussion. In addition, although exercise is now more widely prescribed following concussion, its cardiopulmonary response is not yet well understood in this population. Our study has two main goals. The first is to understand whether there are exercise-induced resting state functional brain activity differences in children with concussion vs. healthy controls. The second is to profile the physiological response to exercise and understand whether it differs between groups.MethodsWe will perform a single-center, controlled, prospective cohort study of pediatric concussion at a large, urban children’s hospital and academic center. Children with sport-related concussion (aged 12–17 years) will be recruited within 4-weeks of injury by our clinical study team members. Key inclusion criteria include: medical clearance to exercise, no prior concussion or neurological history, and no implants that would preclude MRI. Age- and sex-matched healthy controls will be required to meet the same inclusion criteria and will be recruited through the community. The study will be performed over two visits separated by 24–48 h. Visit 1 involves exercise testing (following the current clinical standard for concussion) and breath-by-breath gas collection using a metabolic cart. Visit 2 involves two functional MRI (fMRI) scans interspersed by 10-minutes of treadmill walking at an intensity calibrated to Visit 1 findings. To address sub-objectives, all participants will be asked to self-report symptoms daily and wear a waist-worn tri-axial accelerometer for 28-days after Visit 2.DiscussionOur study will advance the growing exercise-concussion field by helping us understand whether exercise impacts outcomes beyond symptoms in pediatric concussion. We will also be able to profile the cardiopulmonary response to exercise, which may allow for further understanding (and eventual optimization) of exercise in concussion management.Trial registrationNot applicable.
Framework for implementing collaborative TB-silicosis activities in India: insights from an expert panel
Authors: Rupani Mihir P. , Nimavat Pankaj , Patel Yogesh , Shah Harsh D. , Sau Arkaprabha 
Published: June 2024

AbstractTuberculosis (TB) treatment is more challenging for patients with silicosis, as it complicates the diagnosis of both diseases and increases mortality risk. Silicosis, an incurable occupational disease, confounds the diagnosis of TB and vice versa, making it more difficult to accurately identify and treat either condition. Moreover, TB appears to accelerate the progression of silicosis. Exposure to silica dust, a common cause of silicosis, can also trigger latent TB to become active TB. This correspondence outlines a proposed framework for implementing collaborative TB-silicosis activities in India, aimed at improving early diagnosis and management for both diseases. An expert panel of medical professionals developed this framework through online consultations in October and November 2022. The panel's goal was to establish a consensus on integrating TB-silicosis activities, with a focus on early detection and proper management. The framework suggests testing all patients with silicosis for active TB and screening workers exposed to silica dust for latent TB infection. It also recommends that patients with TB who have a history of occupational exposure to silica dust should be tested for silicosis. Reliable diagnostic tools, such as chest X-rays, are emphasized, providing guidance on their use for both diseases. The proposed collaborative TB-silicosis framework offers a structured approach to identifying and managing these two diseases, contributing to the global goal of eliminating silicosis by 2030 and aligning with the World Health Organization’s targets for reducing TB incidence and mortality. It recommends specific strategies for implementation, including testing, referral systems, and workplace-based interventions. The framework also underscores the need for coordinated efforts among stakeholders, including the ministries of health, labor, industry, and environment. This correspondence provides valuable insights into how India can successfully implement collaborative TB-silicosis activities, serving as a model for other regions with similar challenges.
Association between perioperative flurbiprofen administration and acute kidney injury (AKI) in spine surgery: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Liu Yongrong , Li Bo , Hang Lihua , Zhang Li 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
The association between nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and postoperative acute kidney injury (AKI) remains controversial, with limited studies specifically examining flurbiprofen. Therefore, this research aimed to investigate the association between intraoperative flurbiprofen administration and postoperative AKI.

Methods
We retrospectively identified a cohort of patients at the Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University. A total of 3882 adult patients undergoing spinal surgery between January 1, 2012, and July 31, 2018, were included and classified into two groups: those receiving flurbiprofen (50 or 100 mg once, 5 min after anesthesia start) and those not receiving flurbiprofen. The primary endpoint was the incidence of AKI.

Result
The flurbiprofen group (4.4%) had a lower incidence of AKI compared to the non-flurbiprofen group (6.5%, P < 0.001). After adjusting for potential confounding variables, the multivariable regression analysis showed that the flurbiprofen group had a 49% reduced risk of postoperative AKI (OR 0.51; 95% CI 0.31 to 0.82) compared to the non-flurbiprofen group. Subgroup analysis indicated that flurbiprofen injection was associated with a reduced incidence of postoperative AKI in patients without diabetes (OR 0.61; 95% CI 0.19 to 0.74), surgical times of 2–5 h (OR 0.54; 95% CI 0.23 to 0.75), and preoperative anemia (OR 0.57; 95% CI 0.21 to 0.74).

Conclusion
The study concluded that perioperative flurbiprofen treatment was associated with a lower risk of postoperative AKI in adult patients undergoing spinal surgery.
Flexural Strength of Light-Weight Steel Fiber Reinforced Concrete Containing Biodegradable LDHs Microparticles: Experimental Study and Multiscale Finite Element Model
Authors: Ramazani Pari , Moradi Shaghaghi Taleb , Farzam Masood , Afshin Hassan , Behnajady Mohammad A. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis study investigates the influence of LDHs (Layered Double Hydroxides) microparticles and steel fibers on the mechanical properties of lightweight concrete. Through a combination of experimental analysis and finite element modeling, the effects of LDHs and steel fibers on flexural strength and crack resistance were evaluated. The experimental results demonstrate a significant increase in flexural strength and toughness with the incorporation of LDHs microparticles and steel fibers. The finite element model corroborates these findings, highlighting the synergistic enhancement of mechanical properties due to LDHs and steel fibers. Additionally, the study discusses the frontier applications of LDHs in improving fracture characteristics and highlights the potential of hybrid reinforcement strategies in lightweight concrete. The findings reveal that both the quantity of microparticles and steel fibers significantly impact the concrete's residual strength. In scenarios without steel fibers, an optimal weight fraction of approximately 1 wt.% LDHs demonstrate a 39% increase in bearing capacity. Notably, under comparable conditions, the influence of LDHs microparticles on enhancing concrete mechanical characteristics appears to surpass the effects induced by steel fibers. However, at 2 wt.% LDHs usage, a decrease in load capacity by 3.3% is observed compared to the 1 wt.% LDHs configuration. This research provides valuable insights into optimizing concrete properties through novel material combinations and paves the way for future advancements in structural engineering.
Germline mutations of breast cancer susceptibility genes through expanded genetic analysis in unselected Colombian patients
Authors: Sierra-Díaz Diana Carolina , Morel Adrien , Fonseca-Mendoza Dora Janeth , Bravo Nora Contreras , Molano-Gonzalez Nicolas , Borras Mariana , Munevar Isabel , Lema Mauricio , Idrobo Henry , Trujillo Daniela , Serrano Norma , Orduz Ana Isabel , Lopera Diego , González Jaime , Rojas Gustavo , Londono-De Los Ríos Paula , Manneh Ray , Cabrera Rodrigo , Rubiano Wilson , de la Peña Jairo , Quintero María Catalina , Mantilla William , Restrepo Carlos M. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundIn Colombia and worldwide, breast cancer (BC) is the most frequently diagnosed neoplasia and the leading cause of death from cancer among women. Studies predominantly involve hereditary and familial cases, demonstrating a gap in the literature regarding the identification of germline mutations in unselected patients from Latin-America. Identification of pathogenic/likely pathogenic (P/LP) variants is important for shaping national genetic analysis policies, genetic counseling, and early detection strategies. The present study included 400 women with unselected breast cancer (BC), in whom we analyzed ten genes, using Whole Exome Sequencing (WES), know to confer risk for BC, with the aim of determining the genomic profile of previously unreported P/LP variants in the affected population. Additionally, Multiplex Ligation-dependent Probe Amplification (MLPA) was performed to identify Large Genomic Rearrangements (LGRs) in theBRCA1/2genes. To ascertain the functional impact of a recurrent intronic variant (ATMc.5496 + 2_5496 + 5delTAAG), a minigene assay was conducted.ResultsWe ascertained the frequency of P/LP germline variants inBRCA2(2.5%), ATM(1.25%), BRCA1(0.75%),PALB2(0.50%),CHEK2(0.50%),BARD1(0.25%),andRAD51D(0.25%) genes in the population of study. P/LP variants account for 6% of the total population analyzed. No LGRs were detected in our study. We identified 1.75% of recurrent variants inBRCA2andATMgenes. One of them corresponds to theATMc.5496 + 2_5496 + 5delTAAG. Functional validation of this variant demonstrated a splicing alteration probably modifying the Pincer domain and subsequent protein structure.ConclusionThis study described for the first time the genomic profile of ten risk genes in Colombian women with unselected BC. Our findings underscore the significance of population-based research, advocating the consideration of molecular testing in all women with cancer.
In vivo stable 211At-labeled prostate-specific membrane antigen-targeted tracer using a neopentyl glycol structure
Authors: Suzuki Hiroyuki , Kannaka Kento , Hirayama Mizuki , Yamashita Tomoki , Kaizuka Yuta , Kobayashi Ryota , Yasuda Takahiro , Takahashi Kazuhiro , Uehara Tomoya 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
Prostate cancer is a common cancer among men worldwide that has a very poor prognosis, especially when it progresses to metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). Therefore, novel therapeutic agents for mCRPC are urgently required. Because prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) is overexpressed in mCRPC, targeted alpha therapy (TAT) for PSMA is a promising treatment for mCRPC. Astatine-211 (211At) is a versatile α-emitting radionuclide that can be produced using a cyclotron. Therefore, 211At-labeled PSMA compounds could be useful for TAT; however, 211At-labeled compounds are unstable against deastatination in vivo. In this study, to develop in vivo stable 211At-labeled PSMA derivatives, we designed and synthesized 211At-labeled PSMA derivatives using a neopentyl glycol (NpG) structure that can stably retain 211At in vivo. We also evaluated their biodistribution in normal and tumor-bearing mice.

Results
We designed and synthesized 211At-labeled PSMA derivatives containing two glutamic acid (Glu) linkers between the NpG structure and asymmetric urea (NpG-L-PSMA ((L-Glu)2 linker used) and NpG-D-PSMA ((D-Glu)2 linker used)). First, we evaluated the characteristics of 125I-labeled NpG derivatives because 125I was readily available. [125I]I-NpG-L-PSMA and [125I]I-NpG-D-PSMA showed low accumulation in the stomach and thyroid, indicating their high in vivo stability against deiodination. [125I]I-NpG-L-PSMA was excreted in urine as hydrophilic radiometabolites in addition to the intact form. Meanwhile, [125I]I-NpG-D-PSMA was excreted in urine in an intact form. In both cases, no radioactivity was observed in the free iodine fraction. [125I]I-NpG-D-PSMA showed higher tumor accumulation than [125I]I-NpG-L-PSMA. We then developed 211At-labeled PSMA using the NpG-D-PSMA structure. [211At]At-NpG-D-PSMA showed low accumulation in the stomach and thyroid in normal mice, indicating its high stability against deastatination in vivo. Moreover, [211At]At-NpG-D-PSMA showed high accumulation in tumor similar to that of [125I]I-NpG-D-PSMA.

Conclusions
[211At]At-NpG-D-PSMA showed high in vivo stability against deastatination and high tumor accumulation. [211At]At-NpG-D-PSMA should be considered as a potential new TAT for mCRPC.
Dual-trigger release of berberine chloride from the gelatin/perfluorohexane core–shell structure
Authors: Givarian Mahshid , Moztarzadeh Fathollah , Ghaffari Maryam , Bahmanpour AmirHossein , Mollazadeh-Bajestani Maryam , Mokhtari-Dizaji Manijhe , Mehradnia Fatemeh 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
The development of smart nanocarriers that enable controlled drug release in response to internal and external triggers is an emerging approach for targeted therapy. This study focused on designing pH-sensitive, ultrasound-responsive gelatin/perfluorohexane (PFH) nanodroplets loaded with berberine chloride as a model drug.

Results
The nanodroplets were prepared using an emulsion technique and optimized by varying process parameters like homogenization rate, polymer concentration, surfactant, drug, and perfluorocarbon content. The optimal formulation yielded nanodroplets with a particle size of 281.7 nm, a drug encapsulation efficiency of 66.8 ± 1.7%, and a passive drug release of 15.4 ± 0.2% within 24 h. Characterization confirmed successful encapsulation and pH-responsive behavior. Ultrasound stimulation significantly enhanced drug release, with 150 kHz being more effective than 1 MHz in triggering acoustic droplet vaporization while minimizing heat generation. After 10 min of radiation, the optimal formulation showed 89.4% cumulative drug release. The nanodroplets displayed stability over 1 month at 4°C.

Conclusions
Overall, the dual-triggered nanodroplets demonstrate excellent potential for controlled delivery and targeted release of berberine chloride.

Graphical abstract
Evaluation of the biomarker potential of miR-650 and miR-663b in tumor tissues and plasma specimens of colon cancer patients living in northwest of Iran
Authors: Valizadeh Mehdi , Abdalla Jabar Kamal Mirza , Yazdanbod Abbas , Babaei Esmaeil 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is considered as one of the most common malignancy and the fourth leading cause of cancer-related deaths, worldwide. Here, we aimed to investigate the expression of miR–663b and miR–650 in CRC tissue and plasma specimens.

Methods
In this case–control study, tumor specimens, non-tumoral adjacent tissues, and matched-plasma samples were obtained from forty patients with CRC living in the northwestern of Iran. Plasma of healthy patients was also collected as control. Total RNA was extracted from all specimens and studied by real-time PCR. Furthermore, the correlation between the expression of microRNAs and clinico-pathological features were also studied.

Results
Our data illustrated that miR-650 and miR-663b are down-regulated and up-regulated in tumor samples compared to non-tumoral margins, respectively (p < 0.001). However, the results did not show any significant difference in patient’s plasmas compared to controls. Further analysis disclosed that the expression of miR-663b is significantly associated with tumor size, lymph node metastasis, and tumor stage, while miR-650 is remarkably related to TNM stage, lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis, tumor size, and age. (p < 0.05) Furthermore, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses revealed that miR-650 and miR-663b are potential biomarkers in differentiating CRC patients from healthy controls.

Conclusion
In conclusion, our data illustrated the potential of miR-650 and miR-663b as biomarkers in colorectal cancer. However, further studies are needed to confirm the employment of these microRNAs in the diagnosis and/or prognosis of colorectal malignancies.