bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: Simple and Efficient CuI/PEG‐400 System for Amination of Aryl Halides with Aqueous Ammonia.
Authors: Chen Junmin , Yuan Tangjun , Hao Wenyan , Cai Mingzhong 
Published: October 2011

AbstractThe simple one‐pot conversion can be applied to a broad spectrum of aryl iodides and bromides and is tolerant to a wide range of functional groups.
ChemInform Abstract: Iron‐Catalyzed Oxidative Cleavage of Olefins and Alkynes to Carboxylic Acids with Aqueous tert‐Butyl Hydroperoxide.
Authors: Shaikh Tanveer Mahamadali , Hong Fung‐E. 
Published: October 2011

AbstractThe method is suitable for a wide range of aromatic olefins and alkynes that contain electron‐donating and electron‐withdrawing functional groups.
ChemInform Abstract: Convenient Palladium‐Catalyzed Aminocarbonylation of Anilines to N‐Arylbenzamides.
Authors: Wu Xiao‐Feng , Schranck Johannes , Neumann Helfried , Beller Matthias 
Published: October 2011

AbstractThe one‐pot procedure involves in situ formation of aryldiazonium salts followed by Pd‐catalyzed carbonylation.
ChemInform Abstract: Hydrogen Bond Assisted Activation of a Dinitrile Towards Nucleophilic Attack.
Authors: Kopylovich Maximilian N. , Mahmudov Kamran T. , Mizar Archana , Pombeiro Armando J. L. 
Published: October 2011

AbstractDinitrile (I) is used as convenient starting compound for the preparation of derivatives (II), (IV), (VI), (VIII), and (X).
ChemInform Abstract: A Highly Active and Selective Palladium Pincer Catalyst for the Formation of α‐Aryl Ketones via Cross‐Coupling.
Authors: Bugarin Alejandro , Connell Brian T. 
Published: October 2011

AbstractA novel palladium pincer complex is synthesized and successfully applied as a catalyst in the α‐monoarylation of ketones (I) and (IV) with aryl bromides (II).
ChemInform Abstract: A New Method to Prepare 3‐Alkyl‐2‐hydroxy‐1,4‐naphthoquinones: Synthesis of Lapachol and Phthiocol.
Authors: Ferreira Sabrina Baptista , da Roche David Rodrigues , Carneiro Jose Walkimar M. , Santos Wilson Costa , Ferreira Vitor Francisco 
Published: October 2011

AbstractLawsone (I) is used as starting material for the optimized reductive alkylation process to yield the title compounds including phthiocol (IIa) and lapachol (IIIb).
ChemInform Abstract: Bifunctional Anthracene Derivatives as Non‐Doped Blue Emitters and Hole‐Transporters for Electroluminescent Devices.
Authors: Thangthong A‐monrat , Meunmart Duangratchaneekorn , Prachumrak Narid , Jungsuttiwong Siriporn , Keawin Tinnagon , Sudyoadsuk Taweesak , Promarak Vinich 
Published: October 2011

AbstractThe synthesis and properties of novel highly fluorescent anthracenes (V) and (VII) are reported.
ChemInform Abstract: Site‐Selective Suzuki—Miyaura Reactions of 2,3,5‐Tribromo‐N‐methylpyrrole.
Authors: Toguem Serge‐Mitherand Tengho , Fatunsin Olumide , Villinger Alexander , Langer Peter 
Published: October 2011

AbstractMono‐, di‐, and triaryl derivatives are prepared by coupling of title compound (I) with arylboronic acids.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐Catalyzed Peripheral Arylation of 5‐Pyrazolones via Enolizable Bond Protection.
Authors: Bin Hye‐Rin , Bae Yun Soo , Kim Guncheol , Lee Kee‐In 
Published: October 2011

AbstractBoc‐Protection of the enolizable hydroxy group in 5‐pyrazolones is crucial for the success of the Suzuki—Miyaura coupling which renders possible an access to a broad spectrum of highly functionalized derivatives of pharmaceutical interest.
ChemInform Abstract: Highly Regioselective Synthesis of 1,3,5‐Trisubstituted 1,2,4‐Triazole Derivatives.
Authors: Ellis David , Arias‐Wood Aurelio 
Published: October 2011

AbstractThe advantages of the described method are the mild reaction conditions, the avoidance of synthesizing particular hydrazines, and the use of harsh reagents such as SbCl5.
ChemInform Abstract: Facile and Quantitative Synthesis of 1,3‐Diazaheterocycle‐Fused 1,2,3‐Triazole Derivatives Using Fluoroalkanesulfonyl Azide as a Diazo Transfer Reagent.
Authors: Gu Jiwei , Xiong Wanting , Zhang Zhenhua , Zhu Shizheng 
Published: October 2011

AbstractA catalyst‐free synthesis of heterocycle‐fused 1,2,3‐triazoles is achieved through 1,3‐dipolar cycloaddition of the azide with cyclic ketene aminals followed by elimination of fluoroalkanesulfonamide.
ChemInform Abstract: A New Method for the Synthesis of 1‐Aryl‐1,2,4‐triazole Derivatives.
Authors: Matiychuk Vasyl S. , Potopnyk Mykhaylo A. , Luboradzki Roman , Obushak Mykola D. 
Published: October 2011

AbstractA simple synthesis of the target compounds is achieved through cyclocondensation of the chlorohydrazides (I) with thiazole (II) and concomitant elimination of thioglycolic acid.
ChemInform Abstract: Organocatalytic Asymmetric Halogenation/Semipinacol Rearrangement: Highly Efficient Synthesis of Chiral α‐Oxa‐Quaternary β‐Haloketones.
Authors: Chen Zhi‐Min , Zhang Qing‐Wei , Chen Zhi‐Hua , Li Hui , Tu Yong‐Qiang , Zhang Fu‐Min , Tian Jin‐Miao 
Published: October 2011

AbstractThe reaction allows the construction of two adjacent stereocenters: a chiral oxo‐quaternary carbon, and a functionalizable halogen.
ChemInform Abstract: Facile and Efficient Method for the Synthesis of 14‐Substituted‐14‐H‐dibenzo[a,j]xanthenes Catalyzed by Ruthenium Chloride Hydrate as a Homogeneous Catalyst.
Authors: Tabatabaeian Khalil , Khorshidi Alireza , Mamaghani Manouchehr , Dadashi Ali 
Published: October 2011

AbstractThis is the first report on the use of Ru(III) salts as catalyst for the preparation of 14‐substituted‐14‐H‐dibenzo[a,j]xanthene derivatives (III).
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric Synthesis and Biological Evaluations of (+)‐ and (‐)‐6‐Dimethoxymethyl‐1,4‐dihydropyridine‐3‐carboxylic Acid Derivatives Blocking N‐Type Calcium Channels.
Authors: Yamamoto Takashi , et al. et al. 
Published: October 2011

AbstractThe novel asymmetric Michael addition is conducted by using (L)‐valine t‐butyl ester (II) as a chiral auxiliary for the preparation of the enantioenriched dihydropyridine derivative (VI).
ChemInform Abstract: Silica Gel Promotes Cascade Synthesis of 2‐(Heteroaryl)acetamide Derivatives from Isocyanides, Dialkylamines, and Heteroarylcarbaldehydes.
Authors: Ramazani Ali , et al. et al. 
Published: October 2011

AbstractAn efficient route to sterically congested acetamide derivatives (IV) is developed.
ChemInform Abstract: Studies on Quinones. Part 47. Synthesis of Novel Phenylaminophenanthridinequinones as Potential Antitumor Agents.
Authors: Valderrama Jaime A. , Ibacache Andrea , Rodriguez Jaime A. , Theoduloz Cristina , Benites Julio 
Published: October 2011

AbstractThe sequence leading to a series of 8‐ and 9‐phenylaminotetrahydrophenanthridinetriones with substituent variations at 6‐, 8‐, and9‐positions involves a solar photoacylation reaction of benzoquinone (I) with aldehydes (II), a known one‐pot procedure for the synthesis of intermediates (IV) from acylhydroquinones (III), and a regiocontrolled acid‐induced amination reaction of phenanthridinequinones (IV) with aniline (V).
ChemInform Abstract: Iodine‐ and Indium(III) Chloride‐Catalyzed Facile Synthesis of 1,5‐ and 1,8‐Naphthyridines.
Authors: Chunavala Kaushik C. , Adimurthy Subbarayappa 
Published: October 2011

AbstractHighly efficient and regioselective methods for the synthesis of 1,5‐ and 1,8‐naphthyridines (II), (V) catalyzed by I2 and InCl3, resp., are developed.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Novel Alkyltriazole Tagged Pyrido[2,3‐d]pyrimidine Derivatives and Their Anticancer Activity.
Authors: Kurumurthy C. , Rao P. Sambasiva , Swamy B. Veera , Kumar G. Santhosh , Rao P. Shanthan , Narsaiah B. , Velatooru L. R. , Pamanji R. , Rao J. Venkateswara 
Published: October 2011

AbstractPyridopyrimidines (VIII) and (IX) are obtained from the 2,3‐active functional pyridine (I) via cyclization, propargylation and reaction with alkyl or perfluoroalkylazides under Sharpless conditions.
ChemInform Abstract: Molybdenum‐Mediated Synthesis of Quinazolin‐4(3H)‐ones via Cyclocarbonylation Using Microwave Irradiation.
Authors: Roberts Bryan , Liptrot David , Luker Tim , Stocks Michael J. , Barber Catherine , Webb Nicola , Dods Robert , Martin Barrie 
Published: October 2011

AbstractThe procedure allows a quick one‐pot preparation of the desired target compounds.
ChemInform Abstract: Design and Synthesis of Spiro Derivatives of Parthenin as Novel Anticancer Agents.
Authors: Kumar H. M. Sampath , et al. et al. 
Published: October 2011

AbstractDipolar cycloaddition of nitrile oxides, nitrones, and azides to the exocyclic double bond of parthenin (I) generates a library of spiro derivatives (III)—(V) (no yields given).
ChemInform Abstract: Benzoxacystol, a Benzoxazine‐Type Enzyme Inhibitor from the Deep‐Sea Strain Streptomyces sp. NTK 935.
Authors: Suessmuth Roderich D. , et al. et al. 
Published: October 2011

AbstractTaxonomy and phylogenetic analysis of the producing strain as well as isolation and structure elucidation of the novel 1,4‐benzoxazine‐type metabolite (I) are described.
ChemInform Abstract: A New Okicenone Analogue from Streptomyces sp. NEAU‐W13.
Authors: Wang Xiang‐Jing , Xiang Zhi‐Dan , Gong Dian‐Liang , Wang Ji‐Dong , Liu Chong‐Xi , Zhu Zhao‐Xiang , Yan Yi‐Jun , Xiang Wen‐Sheng 
Published: October 2011

AbstractThe biological tests show a dose‐dependent inhibition of A549 cells by the title compound (I).
ChemInform Abstract: Diphenyl Etheric Metabolites from Streptomyces sp. NEAU‐50.
Authors: Gong Dian‐Liang , Wang Xiang‐Jing , Xiang Zhi‐Dan , Wang Ji‐Dong , Zhang Hui , Liu Chong‐Xi , Zhang Ji , Xiang Wen‐Sheng 
Published: October 2011

AbstractTwo main compounds (I) are isolated from the fermentation broth of the title strain.
Comparison of thermodynamic and kinetic models of single‐layer crystal–mother‐phase interface
Authors: Izdebski M. , Włodarska M. 
Published: October 2011

AbstractSimple analytical kinetic model of single‐layer crystal–mother‐phase interface is proposed, which provides results that can be compared directly with thermodynamic Jackson model. Both models are based on zeroth order approximation known from lattice‐gas models, in which solid and fluid growth units are treated as mixed randomly in the interface layer. It is shown that the kinetic and thermodynamic approaches can lead to very similar predictions about growth mechanism. The parameters characterising growth conditions, obtained from these models, are significantly different from those obtained from Monte Carlo simulations applied to study stable states of single‐layer interface. Monte Carlo calculations describe crystal growth in detail and their results can predict characteristic parameters for real experiment. Observed differences seem to be strongly influenced by the use of zeroth order approximation. (© 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Numerical analysis of the influence of ultrasonic vibration on crystallization processes
Authors: Ubbenjans B. , Frank‐Rotsch Ch. , Virbulis J. , Nacke B. , Rudolph P. 
Published: October 2011

AbstractThe challenge in the future fabrication of semiconductor bulk crystals is the improvement of the crystal quality with a simultaneous increase of the yield. For that, a proper control of mass transfer within the fluid phase is required. Besides the damping of violent convective fluctuations, the thickness of the diffusion boundary layer, causing morphological instability, has to be decreased. The influence of ultrasound in molten Germanium was analyzed by numerical simulations. The simulations were provided by applying commercial software packages ANSYS® and FLUENT®. ANSYS® was used to model the ultrasonic wave propagation in the whole growth system consisting of melt and crystal, crucible and surrounding media. As a result the sound pressure distribution in every point of the melt and the displacement in every point of the solid have been obtained. The melt flow and the temperature distribution were simulated with the help of FLUENT®. The main focus was the analysis of Schlichting streams that occur at the crystallization front which affect the diffusion boundary layer. It was shown that ultrasonic treatment can help to reduce the harmful diffusion boundary layer very effectively. (© 2012 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
The metalloprotease ADAM8 is associated with and regulates the function of the adhesion receptor PSGL‐1 through ERM proteins
Authors: Domínguez‐Luis Maria , Lamana Amalia , Vazquez Jesús , García‐Navas Rósula , Mollinedo Faustino , Sánchez‐Madrid Francisco , Díaz‐González Federico , Urzainqui Ana 
Published: October 2011

AbstractThe P‐selectin glycoprotein ligand‐1 (PSGL‐1) is involved in the initial contact of leukocytes with activated endothelium, and its adhesive function is regulated through its proteolytic processing. We have found that the metalloprotease ADAM8 is both associated with PSGL‐1 through the ezrin–radixin–moesin actin‐binding proteins and able to cause the proteolytic cleavage of this adhesion receptor. Accordingly, ADAM8 knockdown increases PSGL‐1 expression, and functional assays show that ADAM8 is able to reduce leukocyte rolling on P‐selectin and hence on activated endothelial cells. We conclude that ADAM8 modulates the expression and function of PSGL‐1.
The chemical composition of the seeds of Iranian pumpkin cultivars and physicochemical characteristics of the oil extract
Authors: Jafari Maryam , Goli Sayed Amir Hossein , Rahimmalek Mehdi 
Published: October 2011

AbstractFour Iranian pumpkin seed cultivars were evaluated for their chemical composition and physicochemical characteristics of the extracted oils. Moisture content of seeds was quite low and ranged from 4.7 to 5.4%. The samples showed high level of protein (28.8–35.5%) and oil content (36.9–47.8%) in which the highest amount belonged to Postekaghazi cultivar. In regard to oil properties, due to the high level of oleic acid (52.7%) followed by linoleic acid (28.1%), Khoreshti cultivar was much different from other samples (in which linoleic acid is predominant: 46.5–56.1%). Moreover, relatively high content of phenolic compounds led to high‐oxidative stability index (OSI) of 16.63 h for Khoreshti oil compared to other samples (6.99–10.54 h). Furthermore, cluster analysis confirmed the data obtained in this study. The results showed that pumpkin seed oils were nutritionally valuable and refined oil might be suitable to use as salad or cooking oil.
ASSESSING LONG‐RUN MONEY NEUTRALITY IN MONETARY UNIONS
Authors: Haughton Andre Yone , Iglesias Emma M. 
Published: October 2011

ABSTRACTThis paper analyses the issue of Long‐Run Money Neutrality in the Organization of Eastern Caribbean States (OECS) by using the European Monetary Union (EMU) and a group of other countries from the Caribbean as control groups. We employ several panel unit root and panel cointegration tests as robustness measures to support our results. First, we propose a methodology to test for longrun money neutrality in a panel data context. Second, we test for longrun money neutrality by using our proposed methodology, and other popular panel cointegration tests in the literature. Moreover, and contrary to the main literature on money neutrality, we disaggregate output in its various components, and we test for money neutrality in each of them. The results show that, at aggregate level of output, money is neutral for both control groups although mixed evidence exists for the main group of the OECS. The disaggregated level that is employed in this paper allows us to uncover important differences that otherwise are not observable at aggregated level. We conclude that in terms of government expenditure, consumption and exports, there is strong evidence that in monetary unions such as the EMU and the OECS, those variables are neutral to money, contrary to other countries that do not belong to a monetary union. Therefore, we find a clear difference between those countries that belong to a monetary union or not. Our results support the existence of a central bank in monetary unions as being beneficial in order to allow that increase in money supply has no influence on real economic variables in the long run. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
REVISITING PURCHASING POWER PARITY FOR 15 LATIN AMERICAN COUNTRIES: THRESHOLD UNIT ROOT TEST
Authors: Yang‐Cheng Lu , Tsangyao Chang , Chia‐Hao Lee , Chi‐Wei Su 
Published: October 2011

ABSTRACTThis study applies the threshold unit root test proposed by Caner and Hansen (2001) to test the validity of long‐run purchasing power parity (PPP) in a sample of 15 Latin American countries. These countries share characteristics as high inflation, nominal shocks and trade openness which might have led to quicker adjustment in relative prices and contributed for PPP to hold. The empirical results indicate that most of the real exchange rates in these 15 Latin American countries adjustments are in equilibrium with the relevant fundamentals behaving like a nonlinear process, characterized by a unit root process. These results provide support for PPP for only six of these 15 Latin American countries under study, and the governments of these countries can use PPP to predict exchange rate that determines whether a currency is over or undervalued and experiencing difference between domestic and foreign inflation rates. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Theoretical investigations of the reactivities of four‐membered N‐heterocyclic carbene analogues of the group 13 elements
Authors: Wu Chi‐Shiun , Su Ming‐Der 
Published: October 2011

AbstractThe potential energy surfaces for the chemical reactions of four‐membered N‐heterocyclic group 13 heavy carbeneoid species have been studied using density functional theory (Becke, 3‐parameter, Lee‐Yang‐Parr (B3LYP)/Los Alamos National Laboratory 2‐Double‐Zeta (LANL2DZ)). Five four‐membered group 13 heavy carbeneoid species, iPr2NC(NAr)2E:, where E = B, Al, Ga, In, and Tl, have been chosen as model reactants in this work. Also, three kinds of chemical reactions, CH bond insertion, alkene cycloaddition, and dimerization, have been used to study the chemical reactivities of these group 13 four‐membered N‐heterocyclic carbeneoid species. In principle, our present theoretical work predicts that the larger the ∠NEN bond angle of the four‐membered group 13 iPr2NC(NAr)2E: species, the smaller the singlet–triplet splitting, the lower the activation barrier, and, in turn, the more rapid its chemical reactions to various chemical species. Moreover, our theoretical investigations suggest that the relative carbenic reactivity decreases in the following order: B > Al > Ga > In > Tl. That is, the heavier the group 13 atom (E), the more stable its four‐membered carbeneoid toward chemical reactions is. As a result, our computations predict that the four‐membered heavy group 13 iPr2NC(NAr)2E: species (E = Al, Ga, In, and Tl) should be both kinetically and thermodynamically stable, and can be readily synthesized and isolated at room temperature. Furthermore, the singlet–triplet energy splitting of the four‐membered group 13 iPr2NC(NAr)2E: species, as described in the configuration mixing model attributed to the work of Pross and Shaik, can be used as a diagnostic tool to predict their reactivities. The results obtained allow a number of predictions to be made. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Chem, 2011
Value and limits of μ‐CT for nondemineralized bone tissue processing
Authors: Draenert Miriam Esther , Draenert Alice Irène , Forriol Francisco , CERLER Michael , Kunzelmann Karl‐Heinz , Hickel Reinhard , Draenert Klaus 
Published: October 2011

AbstractAn experimental approach was performed on 20 giant rabbits to establish the possibilities and limitations of μ‐CT for routine processing of nondemineralized bone tissue. Hydroxyapatite (HA) or β‐tricalciumphosphate (β‐TCP) bead implants or a melange of both, microchambered and solid, were implanted into a standardized and precise defect in the patellar groove. The bone‐healing phase was chosen for the histology considering 1 or 2 days, and 2, 3, and 6 weeks. Normal X‐ray and μ‐CT were applied on all specimens; five specimens in the 6‐week stage were additionally processed according to the full range of conventional nondemineralized bone processing methods. μ‐CT increased the possibilities of nondemineralized histology with respect to bone morphometry and a complete sequence of sections, thus providing a complete analysis of the bone response. μ‐CT was limited in differentiating bone quality, cell analyses, and mineralization stages. The investigation based on normal X‐rays is limited to defining integration and excluding the fibrous and bony encapsulation of loose implants. μ‐CT allows a 3D evaluation of newly formed bone which is clearly marked against the ceramic implant. It does not allow, however, for the differentiation between woven and lamellar bone, the presentation of the canalicular lacunar system, or on the cell level, revealing canaliculi or details of the mineralization process which can be documented by high‐resolution microradiography. Titer dynamics of bone formation remains the domain of polychromatic sequential labeling.The complete sequence of μ‐CT slices enhances the possibilities for routine histology, tremendously allowing to the focus on detail histology to topographically well‐defined cuts, thus providing more precise conclusions which take into consideration the whole implant. Microsc. Res. Tech., 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Kidney injury and cell therapy: Preclinical study
Authors: Cabral Rosa Maria , Ferraz Maíra S. , Rizzo Márcia dos S. , Sousa Francisco Das Chagas A. , Rodrigues Nirnheila M. , Ibiapina Pollyanna B. , Ambrósio Carlos E. , De Carvalho Maria Acelina M. 
Published: October 2011

AbstractThe aim of this study is to show histological and immunofluorescence analysis of renal parenchyma of agoutis affected by gentamicin‐induced renal disease after the infusion of bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMMC) stained with Hoechst®. Nine agouti's males were divided into three groups: Test group (TG): renal disease by gentamicin induced (n = 3), cell therapy group (CTG): renal disease by gentamicin induced and BMMC infusion (n = 3), and control group (CG): nonrenal disease and BMMC infusion (n = 3). TG and CTG were submitted to the protocol of renal disease induction using weekly application of gentamicin sulfate for 4 months. CG and CTG received a 1 × 108 BMMC stained with Hoechst and were euthanized for kidney examination 21 days after BMMC injection and samples were collected for histology and immunofluorescence analysis. Histological analysis demonstrated typical interstitial lesions in kidney similarly to human disease, as tubular necrosis, glomerular destruction, atrophy tubular, fibrotic areas, and collagen deposition. We conclude that histological analysis suggest a positive application of agouti's as a model for a gentamicin inducing of kidney disease, beyond the immunofluorescence analysis suggest a significant migration of BMMC to sites of renal injury in CTG. Microsc. Res. Tech., 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.