bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A “Watery Desert” in Vichy France: The Environmental History of the Camargue Wetlands, 1940–1944
Authors: Pearson Chris 
Published: July 2009

This article traces the environmental history of the Camargue wetlands in southern France during World War II. War, defeat, and occupation ushered in agricultural modernization, the establishment of military training grounds, and German submersion plans, all of which threatened constructions of the region as a pure, wild landscape as well as existing ecological conditions. Throughout the war the Société Nationale d'Acclimatation de France (SNAF) campaigned to save its nature reserve, engaging in actions that lay between resistance and collaboration. The SNAF was aided unwittingly by the Camargue's singular climate. This article supports Bruno Latour's call for a reconceptualization of historical agency that includes the nonhuman. It also exposes wider continuities in French environmental history and contributes to Vichy historiography and the burgeoning literature on war and the environment.
Cet article retrace l'histoire environnementale de la Camargue pendant la Seconde Guerre mondiale. La guerre, la défaite et l'Occupation sont à l'origine de la modernisation agricole, de l'établissement des champs de tir, et du projet allemand de faire submerger la Camargue. Ces événements ont menacé l'image de la région comme paysage pur et sauvage, ainsi que les conditions écologiques existantes. Pendant tout ce temps, la Société nationale d'acclimatation de France (SNAF) tentait de sauver sa réserve naturelle, par des actions qui se situaient entre résistance et collaboration. Le climat particulier de la Camargue a involontairement aidé la SNAF. Cet article soutient l'invitation de Bruno Latour à repenser l'agent historique en y incluant le non-humain tandis qu'il expose les structures plus larges de l'histoire environnementale française et contribue à l'historiographie de la France de Vichy et à la littérature émergente sur les rapports entre la guerre et l'environnement.
Synthesis of a bowl-type dodecavanadate by the coupling reaction of alkoxohexavanadate and discovery of a chiral octadecavanadate
Authors: Domae Kyosuke , Uchimura Daisuke , Koyama Yuuki , Inami Shinnosuke , Hayashi Yoshihito , Isobe Kiyoshi , Kameda Hiroyuki , Shimoda Tatsuya 
Published: July 2009

A new route to an alkoxohexavanadate species leads to the isolation of a bowl-type dodecavanadate without a guest molecule in the cavity. The 1D tetravanadate, [V4O11]2-, is a good precursor for the alkoxohexavanadate, [V6O13(OCH3)6]2-, which is then utilized for the [V6 + V6] coupling reaction to form the dodecavanadate, [V12O42]4-, with a capped dichloromethane molecule at the cavity entrance. We also obtained structural information on a newly discovered octadecavanadate, [V18O46(NO3)]5-,in both the solid and solution states through extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) studies. The existence of a chiral inorganic species in acetonitrile with double-stranded V8 chains was confirmed through EXAFS oscillations.
How is a Fruit Tree Like You? Using Artistic Metaphors to Explore and Develop Emotional Competence in Children
Authors: Geldard Kathryn , Foo Rebecca Yin , Shakespeare-Finch Jane 
Published: July 2009

AbstractCounselling children often requires the use of supplementary strategies in order to interest and engage the child in the therapeutic process. One such strategy is the Metaphorical Fruit Tree (MFT); an art metaphor suited to exploring and developing self-concept. Quantitative and qualitative data was used to explore the relationships between children's ability to use metaphor, age, gender, and level of emotional competence (N= 58). Quantitative and qualitative analyses revealed a significant negative relationship between self-reported emotional competence and ability to use the MFT. It is proposed that children rely on different processes to understand self and as children's ability to cognitively report on their emotional capabilities via the Emotional Competence Questionnaire (ECQ) increases, their ability to report creatively on those capabilities via the MFT is undermined. It is suggested that the MFT may be used, via creative processes and as an alternative to cognitive processes, to increase understanding and awareness of intrapersonal and interpersonal concepts of self in the child during counselling.
Turkish School Counsellors and Counselling Students' Knowledge of Adolescent Suicide
Authors: Siyez Diğdem Müge , Baş Aslı Uz 
Published: July 2009

AbstractThe aim of the study was to investigate the knowledge of Turkish high school counsellors and counselling students about adolescence suicide. The sample consisted of 71 school counsellors and 82 third and fourth year psychology counselling students who completed the Adolescent Suicide Behavior Questionnaire. The results showed that although counselling students have more knowledge than school counsellors, both groups are not well informed about adolescent suicide, with many school counsellors and counselling students unable to determine the risk, precipating and demographic factors and differential warning signs of adolescent suicide in Turkey.
A Comparison of Counselling Students' Needs in the United States and Nigeria
Authors: Kenny Maureen C. , Aluede Oyaziwo , McEachern Adriana 
Published: July 2009

AbstractKnowledge of the needs of graduate counselling students can assist counsellor education faculty in understanding the unique concerns of this student population and thus assist in the development of adjunct services to address these important issues. This study compared the needs of graduate counselling students from the United States (U.S.) and Nigeria and found that they shared many of the same concerns, with time management as the highest-ranked concern. The implications of these results may help guide all counsellor education faculty in planning to assist students.
Validation of an Australian Academic Stress Questionnaire
Authors: Lakaev Natasha 
Published: July 2009

AbstractThe aim of the study was to establish the Lakaev Academic Stress Response Scale (LASRS; Lakaev, 2006) as a valid and reliable measure of stress responses. The sample consisted of 375 Bond University students from several countries (142 Australia, 5 New Zealand, 68 United States, 8 Canada, 65 Asian, 66 Europe and 21 other) and from various levels of tertiary education (266 undergraduate and 109 postgraduate). Participants completed six self-report questionnaires that related to, acculturative stress, somatic stress symptoms, academic stress, stress responses, extraversion and general stress in order to determine convergent and divergent validity. The LASRS was shown to have sound psychometric properties and was suggested to be a sound way of measuring academic stress responses, particularly for Australian students. The results are discussed in terms of past tertiary academic stress research and suggestions for future investigations.
The Comparison of the Effects of a Didactic Stress Management Program and Group Counselling on the Coping Strategies of School Counsellors
Authors: Coban Aysel Esen , Hamamci Zeynep 
Published: July 2009

AbstractThe aim of this study was to compare the effects of a didactic stress management program, group counselling, and a control group on school counsellors' stress coping strategies. Thirty-four school counsellors were randomly assigned to either a didactic stress management group, group counselling, or a control group. The didactic stress management group and the group counselling for stress management group were conducted concurrently for 10 consecutive weeks. A control group received no treatment. The Ways of Coping Inventory was administered to all participants at three different stages: pre-treatment, post-treatment, and at 6-month follow-up. The results indicated that both the didactic stress management group and the group counselling for stress management group showed a significant reduction in the use of helpless coping strategies and a significant increase in the optimistic coping strategies at post-treatment. At follow-up, there were obvious group differences in the use of helpless coping strategies. Only those who were treated using group counselling exhibited a decrease in helpless coping strategies at the follow-up assessment.
Cleaning Silicone Residue from Glass
Authors: Klosowski Jerome M. , Breeze Edward S. , Nicastro David H. 
Published: July 2009

Abstract
Silicone sealants have been used widely in the waterproofing industry because they resist deterioration. However, residue from silicone sealant (or from pre-formed silicone seals) can be difficult to remove from adjacent surfaces, if it contacts these surfaces inadvertently from improper application or fluid run-down. This article focuses on the challenge of removing silicone residue from window glass. Several of the likely sources of the silicone residue are discussed, along with the difficulty of measuring the presence of the colorless and odorless thin residue film. The testing used commercially available cleaners and digesters to attempt to remove the silicone residue. The results were mixed and largely inconclusive; however, the test methodology developed can be used for further study by additional laboratories.
Multielement Analysis of Lubricating Greases with Inductively Coupled Plasma: Atomic Emission Spectrometry
Authors: Nadkarni R. A. Kishore 
Published: July 2009

Abstract
A method is described for the quantitative multielement analysis of lubricating greases using inductively coupled plasma–atomic emission spectrometry. A key to this analysis is to prepare a sample solution by decomposing the grease sample through alternate means, such as ashing, microwave assisted ashing, or mineral acid decomposition. Results of an interlaboratory study conducted using this method are described.
Major hyperghrelinemia in advanced well-differentiated neuroendocrine carcinomas: report of three cases
Authors: Walter Thomas , Chardon Laurence , Hervieu Valérie , Cohen Richard , Chayvialle Jean-Alain , Scoazec Jean-Yves , Lombard-Bohas Catherine 
Published: July 2009

ObjectiveWe aimed to gain insight into the functional consequences of ghrelin overproduction in patients with neuroendocrine tumors and its relations with disease characteristics and evolution.DesignWe retrospectively analyzed three cases of neuroendocrine carcinomas associated with very high levels of circulating ghrelin.MethodsBetween February and October 2007, serum ghrelin levels were determined in all patients with well-differentiated endocrine carcinoma referred to our center (n=72). Three patients were found to have circulating ghrelin levels >10-fold the upper limit of normal. The clinical, biochemical, and pathological characteristics of these three patients were reviewed. The ratio between circulating acyl and total ghrelin was determined, and tumor tissue expression of ghrelin was assayed by immunohistochemistry.ResultsThe three patients had massive hyperghrelinemia (respectively 49 028, 63 711, and 101 996 pg/ml), with <10% of acyl ghrelin. The corresponding primary tumors were located in the pancreas, rectum, and gallbladder; all were metastatic. There was no acromegaly; there was a decrease in appetite; and body mass index was low. Serum GH levels were only slightly increased and serum IGF1 levels were normal. Immunoreactive ghrelin was detected in the tumor tissue in the two cases in which tissue material was available. All three patients died before 12 months after the diagnosis of hyperghrelinemia.ConclusionWell-differentiated neuroendocrine carcinomas of various origins may produce markedly high levels of circulating ghrelin, without evidence of clinical or functional consequences.
Adrenal venous sampling in primary aldosteronism: a low dilution of adrenal venous blood is crucial for a correct interpretation of the results
Authors: Ceral Jiri , Solar Miroslav , Krajina Antonin , Ballon Marek , Suba Petr , Cap Jan 
Published: July 2009

ObjectiveIn primary aldosteronism, adrenal venous sampling (AVS) is essential for subtype differentiation as it evaluates aldosterone secretion from both adrenals. Selectivity of adrenal sampling is assessed by the ratio of cortisol concentrations in adrenal venous blood and inferior vena cava blood (Cadrenal/Civc). Since the criteria for selective adrenal sampling differ among the reported literature, we performed a study to evaluate the influence of different selectivity criteria on AVS results.Design and methodsReports of AVS were screened retrospectively. All AVS were performed with cosyntrophin infusion. Reports containing samples with Cadrenal/Civc≥10 taken from both adrenals and at least one other adrenal sample characterised by Cadrenal/Civc≥1.1 were enrolled. For each individual, we chose reference samples that were defined by the highest Cadrenal/Civc achieved from each adrenal. The significance of the remaining samples with Cadrenal/Civc≥1.1 was analysed in regard to their respective reference samples. We assessed the impact of analysed samples on identification of lateralisation of aldosterone secretion that is crucial for decisions concerning adrenalectomy.ResultsAVS reports of 87 patients were enrolled. A total of 225 adrenal samples were analysed and divided into five groups according to Cadrenal/Civc:1.1–1.99, 2–2.99, 3–4.99, 5–9.99 and ≥10. By comparing reference with analysed samples, a concordant assessment with respect to lateralisation of aldosterone secretion was observed in 39, 52, 72, 85 and 94% of the respective groups of analysed samples.ConclusionAVS provides consistent information when adrenal samples with high cortisol concentrations are used.
Correlates of increased lean muscle mass in women with polycystic ovary syndrome
Authors: Carmina E , Guastella E , Longo R A , Rini G B , Lobo R A 
Published: July 2009

ObjectiveMuscle mass plays an important role in determining cardiovascular and metabolic risks in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). In addition, whether lean mass influences carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) in PCOS has not been assessed.DesignProspective investigation.MethodsNinety-five women with PCOS were age- and weight-matched to 90 ovulatory controls. All women had dual X-ray absorptiometry for lean, fat and bone mass, and bone mass density (BMD). Serum testosterone, sex hormone-binding globulin, insulin, and glucose and carotid IMT were determined. Free androgen index (FAI) and insulin resistance (by QUICKI) were calculated.ResultsIn PCOS, waist circumference and insulin were higher and QUICKI lower than in controls (P<0.01). Trunk fat mass, % trunk fat, and lean mass were higher in PCOS compared to controls (P<0.01), while total bone mass and BMD were similar. IMT was increased in PCOS (P<0.01) but only 15% of PCOS patients had abnormal (≥0.9 mm) values. Lean mass correlated with fat parameters, insulin, QUICKI, and FAI, but not with total testosterone; and after adjustments for insulin and QUICKI, lean mass still correlated with fat mass (P<0.01) but not FAI. Lean mass correlated with IMT (P<0.01), but this was dependent on insulin. However, excluding those patients with abnormal IMT values, IMT correlated with lean mass independently of insulin. Bone mass correlated with lean and fat mass, but not with insulin or androgen. PCOS patients with ‘pathological’ IMT values had higher % trunk fat, lean mass, and insulin, lower QUICKI, and higher testosterone and FAI compared with those with normal IMT.ConclusionLean mass is increased in PCOS, while bone mass is similar to that of matched controls. The major correlates of lean mass are fat mass and insulin but not androgen. Lean mass also correlated with IMT, and although influenced by insulin, small changes in IMT may partially reflect changes in muscle mass, while clearly abnormal values relate to more severe abnormalities of PCOS.
The d3/fl-GH receptor gene polymorphism does not influence quality of life and body composition in GH-deficient adults receiving GH replacement therapy
Authors: Adetunji O R , MacFarlane I A , Javadpour M , Alfirevic A , Pirmohamed M , Blair J C 
Published: July 2009

ContextThe growth response to recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) in GH deficient (GHD) patients may be influenced by polymorphisms in the growth hormone receptor (GHR) gene.ObjectivesTo investigate adults with GHD who have been treated with rhGH for more than 1 year to determine the relationship between genomic deletion of exon 3 in the GHR gene and quality of life (QoL), body composition (BC) and serum IGF1 levels, and to compare these variables to a healthy adult control population.DesignCross-sectional study.MethodsA total of 100 healthy adult controls and 131 patients were studied. Deletion of exon 3 in the GHR gene was determined in DNA that was isolated from peripheral blood. QoL was determined using the adult GHD assessment scale and three other validated QoL instruments.ResultsIn the control population, the frequency of the genotypes was 53% fl/fl, 40% d3/fl and 7% d3/d3, and in the patient population, 55, 39 and 6% respectively. There was no significant difference in QoL scores and BC in control subjects with the fl/fl genotype compared with those with the d3/d3 or fl/d3 genotype. There was no difference in the rhGH dose required to optimize serum IGF1, QoL or BC in patients with the fl/fl genotype compared with those with the d3/d3 or d3/fl genotype.ConclusionDeletion of exon 3 in the GHR gene does not influence adult height, QoL or BC of the normal adult population nor does it influence rhGH dose, QoL and BC in GHD adults treated with rhGH for more than 1 year.
Ion Irradiation of Ternary Pyrochlores
Authors: Whittle Karl R. , Smith Katherine L. , Blackford Mark G. , Redfern Simon A.T. , Harvey Elizabeth J. , Zaluzec Nestor J. , Lumpkin Gregory R. 
Published: July 2009

AbstractSynthetic pyrochlore samples Y2Ti2-xSnxO7 (x=0.4, 0.8, 1.2, 1.6), Nd2Zr2O7, Nd2Zr1.2Ti0.8O7, and La1.6Y0.4Hf2O7, were irradiated in-situ using the IVEM-TANDEM microscope facility at the Argonne National Laboratory. The critical temperatures for amorphisation have revealed a dramatic increase in tolerance with increasing Sn content for the Y2Ti2-xSnxO7 series. This change has also found to be linear with increasing Sn content. Nd2Zr1.2Ti0.8O7 and La1.6Y0.4Hf2O7 were both found to amorphise, while Nd2Zr2O7 was found to be stable to high doses (2.5×10^15 ions cm-2). The observed results are presented with respect to previously published results for irradiation stability predictions and structural disorder.
Carbon Nanofiber-Network Sensor Films for Strain Measurement in Composites
Authors: Nguyen Nguyen Q , Lee Sangyoon , Gupta Nikhil 
Published: July 2009

AbstractA carbon nanofiber-based sensor film is designed and calibrated for force measurement. The sensor is designed for use in structural health monitoring of composite materials. The sensing scheme is based on creating a network of carbon nanofibers on the surface of the composite material. In the experimental scheme a patch of nanofiber reinforced epoxy resin film is developed and adhesively bonded to the laminate. The extension of the sensor film due to the applied force leads to a change in the connectivity of carbon nanofibers in the film, resulting in the change in the resistance of the network. Results show that such sensing schemes have high sensitivity and repeatability. Use of nanofibers can provide a low cost and more efficient alternative to other sensor films that rely on carbon nanotubes.
Pb(Zr,Ti)O3 Nanofibers Produced by Electrospinning Process
Authors: Mensur Alkoy Ebru , Dagdeviren Canan , Papila Melih 
Published: July 2009

AbstractLead zirconate titanate (PZT) nanofibers are obtained by electrospinning a sol-gel based solution and polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) polymer, and subsequent sintering of the electrospun precursor fibers. The PVP content of the precursor solution is critical in the formation of the fully fibrous mats. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) is used to examine the morphology of the precursor fibers and annealed PZT nanofibers. The diameters of the precursor PZT/PVP green fibers have increased with the aging of the precursor solution along with an increase in the viscosity. The viscosity of 500 mPa results in successful fibrous mats, yielding green PZT/PVP fibers with a diameter of 400 nm. The fiber mats are then sintered at 700°C. X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern of the annealed PZT fibers exhibits no preferred orientation and a pure tetragonal perovskite phase. Preparation of piezocomposites by infusion of epoxy into the nanofiber mat facilitates successful handling of the fragile mats and enables measurements of dielectric properties.
Self-Assembly of Polyhedral Hybrid Colloidal Particles
Authors: Perro Adeline , Duguet Etienne , Ravaine Serge , Manoharan Vinothan N. 
Published: July 2009

ABSTRACTWe have developed a new method to produce hybrid particles with polyhedral shapes in very high yield (liter quantities at up to 70% purity) using a combination of emulsion polymerization and inorganic surface chemistry. The procedure has been generalized to create complex geometries, including hybrid line segments, triangles, tetrahedra, octahedra, and more. The optical properties of these particles are tailored for studying their dynamics and self-assembly. For example, we produce systems that consist of index-matched spheres allowing us to define the position of each elementary particle in three-dimensional space. We present some preliminary studies on the self-assembly of these complex shaped systems based on electron and optical microscopy.
Accelerating Copper Dissociated Dislocations to Transonic and Supersonic Speeds
Authors: Branicio Paulo Sergio , Tsuzuki Hélio , Rino José Pedro 
Published: July 2009

AbstractThe acceleration of dissociated dislocations to transonic and supersonic velocities in copper fcc crystals is investigated using molecular dynamics simulations. A thin and long system with a single stationary dislocation is constructed to study the dislocation acceleration process in anisotropic materials, which have two transverse, νT1 and νT2 , and one longitudinal acoustic velocity, νL along the dislocation glide direction. Copper is used as the representative anisotropic material and the embedded atom model is used to calculate interatomic forces. The common neighborhood parameter and local stresses are used to monitor the position and structure of the dislocations. Initial stationary dislocations on the (111) plane, aligned along the direction are accelerated in the direction in two different ways. By using the shear stress of a homogeneously sheared simulation box, and by using a strain-rate deformation obtained by shearing the top and bottom atomic layers in opposite directions by a given velocity. Results show that different levels of stress make dislocations accelerate and move in three distinguished regimes: i) in a plateau of velocities close to 1.6 km/s in the subsonic regime just below νT1; ii) in a narrow range of velocities around 2.6 km/s in the first transonic regime between νT1 and νT2; iii) in the second transonic regime, above νT2 but below νL, with increasing velocities for increasing stresses. Supersonic dislocations moving above νL are generated but their motion is transient. To be generated, they require high stresses above the shear strength which trigger spontaneous nucleation of dislocation dipoles throughout the system. The stacking fault width fluctuates around 35 Å in the subsonic regime but decline subsequently with velocity and fluctuates around 13 Å in the second transonic regime. In the first transonic regime however the stacking fault anomalously increases with velocity. Both the decreasing stacking fault width for fast dislocations and the plateau of velocities in the first transonic regime, indicating the existence of a radiation-free state, are in agreement with theoretical predictions.