bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Properties and antimicrobial activities of starch–sodium alginate composite films incorporated with sodium dehydroacetate or rosemary extract
Authors: Yan Qianqian , Zhang Jinli , Dong Haizhou , Hou Hanxue , Guo Pei 
Published: May 2012

AbstractAntimicrobial films were prepared with oxidized and acetylated corn starch–sodium alginate by incorporating sodium dehydroacetate or rosemary extract. Films incorporated with sodium dehydroacetate ≥ 0.1% or rosemary extract ≥ 0.3% had an anti‐Escherichia coli effect. Aspergillus niger could be effectively inhibited by the incorporation of sodium dehydroacetate ≥ 0.3%. Rosemary extract showed no inhibitory effect on Aspergillus niger. Sodium dehydroacetate and rosemary extract reduced the tensile strength and elongation at break, and increased the water vapor permeability of the films. Sodium dehydroacetate made the films more greenish–yellow with the increase of sodium dehydroacetate concentration. The color of the films became darker and more reddish–yellow as rosemary extract was increased. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra analysis revealed that sodium dehydroacetate and rosemary extract reduced starch crystallinity. The surface of the films became rougher as a result of an addition of sodium dehydroacetate and rosemary extract. These findings had potential applications in prolonging food shelf life based on different needs. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013
The effect of citrate ester plasticizers on the thermal and mechanical properties of poly(DL‐lactide)
Authors: Harte Imelda , Birkinshaw Colin , Jones Eric , Kennedy James , DeBarra Eamonn 
Published: May 2012

AbstractCitrate esters triethyl citrate, tributyl citrate, and acetyl tributyl citrate were used as plasticizers for amorphous poly(D,L‐lactide) (PDLLA). The resultant compositions were analyzed by means of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), dynamic mechanical thermal analysis, and tensile testing to investigate the properties of the blends. Glass transition temperatures (Tgs) obtained by DSC were also compared to theoretically calculated Tgs. Increasing plasticizer content decreased the resultant Tg of the blend with plasticizer efficiency enhanced as the molecular weight of the citrate ester increased. However, in blends with high plasticizer content, a lack of miscibility also occurred with increased molecular weight. Theoretical results were comparable with those obtained experimentally at compositions, which were miscible. Increasing plasticizer content increased the ductility and decreased the strength of the polymer. The addition of 10 wt % plasticizer to PDLLA decreased tensile strength by over 50% with the deterioration larger at higher concentrations of plasticizer. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013
Synthesis of a novel amphoteric chelating polymer flocculant and its performance in Cu2+ removal
Authors: Liu Lihua , Wu Jun , Ling Yulin , Li Xin , Zeng Rongjin 
Published: May 2012

AbstractA novel amphoteric chelating polymer flocculant (ACPF) was synthesized. The synthesis involved the copolymerization of dimethyldiallylammonium chloride and acrylamide to prepare poly(dimethyldiallylammonium chloride‐co‐acrylamide) [P(DMDAAC‐co‐AM)], Mannich reaction of P(DMDAAC‐co‐AM) with triethylenetetramine and formaldehyde to prepare P(DMDAAC‐co‐AM)‐graft‐TETA, and xanthogenation of P(DMDAAC‐co‐AM)‐graft‐TETA with CS2 and NaOH. The removal performance of ACPF toward Cu2+ was investigated, and the ACPF structure was characterized. ACPF performance considerably improved at 121–187 mL/g intrinsic viscosity, 20.78–28.32 mol % cationic degree of P(DMDAAC‐co‐AM), and 22.11–28.44% sulphur content of ACPF. The Cu2+ removal rate was above 99% at a 1.98 : 1 molar ratio of ‐CSS− to Cu2+. This rate was 5.86% higher than that using polyacrylamide‐graft‐triethylenetetramine‐dithiocarbamate (PAM‐graft‐TETA‐DTC). The zeta potential and sedimentation rate of flocs obtained from ACPF were higher and their volume was smaller than those from sodium triethylenetetramine‐multidithiocarbamate and PAM‐graft‐TETA‐DTC at the same sulphur dosage. This result indicates that the positive charges of ACPF polymeric chains effectively neutralize excess negative charges in flocs, which benefits the bridging of flocs with negative charges to promote their formation and growth. These positive charges can also cause the flocs to become larger and tighter, thereby improving flocculation and settling performance. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013
William Shakespeare as Psychotherapist
Authors: Coombe Paul D. 
Published: May 2012

ABSTRACTThe aim of this paper is to explore how Shakespeare drew on contemporary life to assist society to manage profound loss, uncertainty and anxiety. This was achieved through providing a forum, both in the “here and now”, via the plays and other works, and through creating a body of work for future generations to mine. This evolved over time to penetrate and fertilize the global community. In these ways Shakespeare helps us all to metabolize anxiety and despair and continue to move forward in the struggle of life. The paper includes a detailed discussion of the interpretations and applications of the works and their relevance to professionals who work within the space in which suffering and despair inhabit. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Therapeutic effects of a novel tylophorine analog, NK‐007, on collagen‐induced arthritis through suppressing tumor necrosis factor α production and Th17 cell differentiation
Authors: Wen Ti , Li Yangguang , Wu Meng , Sun Xiaolin , Bao Xiucong , Lin Yuquan , Hao Jianlei , Han Lin , Cao Guangchao , Wang Ziwen , Liu Yuxiu , Wu Zhenzhou , Hong Zhangyong , Wang Puyue , Zhao Liqing , Li Zhanguo , Wang Qingmin , Yin Zhinan 
Published: May 2012

AbstractObjectiveTo analyze the effects of a novel compound, NK‐007, on the prevention and treatment of collagen‐induced arthritis (CIA) and the underlying mechanisms.MethodsWe determined the effect of NK‐007 on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)–triggered tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) production by murine splenocytes and a macrophage cell line (RAW 264.7) by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay, intracellular cytokine staining, and Western blotting. The LPS‐boosted CIA model was adopted, and NK‐007 or vehicle was administered at different time points after immunization. Mice were monitored for clinical severity of arthritis, and joint tissues were used for histologic examination, cytokine detection, and immunohistochemical staining. Finally, stability of TNFα production and Th17 cell differentiation were studied using quantitative polymerase chain reaction and flow cytometry.ResultsNK‐007 significantly suppressed LPS‐induced TNFα production in vitro. Administration of NK‐007 completely blocked CIA development and delayed its progression. Furthermore, treatment with NK‐007 at the onset of arthritis significantly inhibited the progress of joint inflammation. Administration of NK‐007 also suppressed production of TNFα, interleukin‐6 (IL‐6), and IL‐17A in the joint and reduced percentages of IL‐17+ cells among CD4+ and γ/δ T cells in draining lymph nodes. We further demonstrated that NK‐007 acted on the stability of TNFα messenger RNA and reduced Th17 cell differentiation. In addition, it significantly inhibited levels of IL‐6 and IL‐17A in human coculture assay.ConclusionFor its effects on the development and progression of CIA and for its therapeutic effect on CIA, NK‐007 has great potential to be a therapeutic agent for human rheumatoid arthritis.
Diet‐induced obesity significantly increases the severity of posttraumatic arthritis in mice
Authors: Louer Craig R. , Furman Bridgette D. , Huebner Janet L. , Kraus Virginia B. , Olson Steven A. , Guilak Farshid 
Published: May 2012

AbstractObjectiveObesity and joint injury are primary risk factors for osteoarthritis (OA) that involve potential alterations in the biomechanical and inflammatory environments of the joint. Posttraumatic arthritis is a frequent long‐term complication of intraarticular fractures. Obesity has been linked to primary OA and may potentially contribute to the development of posttraumatic arthritis by a variety of mechanisms. The objectives of this study were to determine whether diet‐induced obesity influences the severity of posttraumatic arthritis in mice and to examine the interrelationships between joint degeneration and serum levels of the inflammatory cytokines and adipokines that are involved in this response.MethodsC57BL/6 mice were fed either normal chow (13% fat) or a high‐fat diet (60% fat) starting at 4 weeks of age. At 16 weeks of age, half of the mice in each group were subjected to a closed intraarticular fracture of the left knee. At 8 weeks postfracture, knee OA was assessed by cartilage and synovium histology in addition to bone morphology. Serum cytokine concentrations were determined with multiplex assays.ResultsFractured knee joints of mice receiving a high‐fat diet showed significantly increased OA degeneration compared with nonfractured contralateral control knees, while fractured knee joints of mice receiving a low‐fat diet did not demonstrate significant differences from nonfractured contralateral control knees. A high‐fat diet increased serum concentrations of interleukin‐12p70 (IL‐12p70), IL‐6, and keratinocyte‐derived chemokine while decreasing adiponectin concentrations. Joint injury also increased IL‐12p70 concentrations in mice receiving a high‐fat diet. Systemic levels of adiponectin were inversely correlated with synovial inflammation in control limbs.ConclusionDiet‐induced obesity significantly increased the severity of OA following intraarticular fracture. Obesity and joint injury together can alter systemic levels of inflammatory cytokines such as IL‐12p70.
Reactive oxygen species–mediated killing of activated fibroblasts by arsenic trioxide ameliorates fibrosis in a murine model of systemic sclerosis
Authors: Kavian Niloufar , Marut Wioleta , Servettaz Amélie , Nicco Carole , Chéreau Christiane , Lemaréchal Hervé , Borderie Didier , Dupin Nicolas , Weill Bernard , Batteux Frédéric 
Published: May 2012

AbstractObjectiveIn patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc), activated fibroblasts produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) that stimulate their proliferation and collagen synthesis. By analogy with tumor cells that undergo apoptosis upon cytotoxic treatment that increases ROS levels beyond a lethal threshold, we tested whether activated fibroblasts could be selectively killed by the cytotoxic molecule arsenic trioxide (As2O3) in a murine model of SSc.MethodsSSc was induced in BALB/c mice by daily intradermal injections of HOCl. Mice were simultaneously treated with daily intraperitoneal injections of As2O3.ResultsAs2O3 limited dermal thickness and inhibited collagen deposition, as assessed by histologic examination and measurement of mouse skin and lung collagen contents. As2O3 abrogated vascular damage, as shown by serum vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 level, and inhibited the production of autoantibodies, interleukin‐4 (IL‐4), and IL‐13 by activated T cells. These beneficial effects were mediated through ROS generation that selectively killed activated fibroblasts containing low levels of glutathione.ConclusionOur findings indicate that treatment with As2O3 dramatically improves skin and lung fibrosis in a mouse model of SSc, providing a rationale for the evaluation of As2O3 treatment in patients with SSc.
Sensitivity and specificity of the Classification of Psoriatic Arthritis criteria in early psoriatic arthritis
Authors: Coates Laura C. , Conaghan Philip G. , Emery Paul , Green Michael J. , Ibrahim Gamal , MacIver Helen , Helliwell Philip S. 
Published: May 2012

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the sensitivity and specificity of the Classification of Psoriatic Arthritis (CASPAR) Study Group criteria in early psoriatic arthritis (PsA) and to compare them with the sensitivity and specificity of the Moll and Wright criteria.MethodsThe CASPAR Study Group criteria were applied to patients with early PsA (<24 months symptom duration) and to control patients with other new‐onset inflammatory arthritides. Both groups were naive to all disease‐modifying antirheumatic drugs. The gold standard diagnosis was confirmed by the consulting rheumatologist using radiography and magnetic resonance imaging where required. Proportions of patients and control patients meeting the criteria were compared using McNemar's tests.ResultsWe recruited a total of 111 patients with early PsA and 111 control patients with other forms of inflammatory arthritis (82 with rheumatoid arthritis, 13 with undifferentiated arthritis, 9 with spondylarthritis, 4 with inflammatory osteoarthritis, and 3 with crystal arthritis) to the study. The sensitivity of the CASPAR Study Group criteria in classifying early PsA was 87.4% compared to 80.2% for the Moll and Wright criteria. The specificity for both criteria was 99.1%. When considering different cut points for the CASPAR Study Group criteria, the best cut point for classification remained a score of ≥3 as in the original CASPAR Study Group analysis. Considering a score of ≥2 gave a higher sensitivity of 99.1% but resulted in a drop in specificity to 94.6%. Regression analysis determined that psoriasis and rheumatoid factor negativity were the most important features that differentiated PsA, followed by nail psoriasis and current or previous dactylitis.ConclusionThe CASPAR Study Group criteria are more sensitive than the Moll and Wright criteria in classifying early PsA. Although their sensitivity for early PsA is lower than that for established disease, the CASPAR Study Group criteria are valid for use as inclusion criteria for trials in early PsA.
Derivation of islet‐like cells from mesenchymal stem cells using PDX1‐transducing lentiviruses
Authors: Talebi Samira , Aleyasin Ahmad , Soleimani Masoud , Massumi Mohammad 
Published: May 2012

AbstractPancreatic duodenum homeobox protein‐1 (PDX1) is a master regulatory gene in pancreatic development. Reprogramming of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) is a promising tool for producing insulin‐producing cells. In this study, lentivirus harboring PDX1 (LV‐PDX1) has been used for persistence gene expression in MSCs. The objective of this study was to evaluate the potential of lentivirus to introduce the PDX1 gene into MSCs to produce insulin‐secreting cells and apply it for treatment of hyperglycemia in diabetic rats. MSCs were isolated from rat bone marrow, characterized, and transduced by LV‐PDX1. Significant expressions of PDX1, neurogenin3, glucagon, glucose transporter2 (Glut2), and insulin were detected by quantitative reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction (P < 0.05). PDX1 and insulin were detected at the protein level by immunofluorescence analysis. PDX1 could trigger a gene expression cascade that involved pancreatic endocrine differentiation and also revealed the glucose sensing ability by expressing Glut2 in high‐glucose medium. The insulin secretion of MSCsPDX1+ in the high‐glucose medium was 1.75‐fold higher than that secreted in the low‐glucose medium (P < 0.05). MSCsPDX1+ implanted into diabetic rats could decrease the blood glucose level from 485 mg/dL to the normal level in 3 days. This study showed MSCsPDX1+ have the potential to be used as a viable resource in cell‐based gene therapy of type 1 diabetes.
Advance organizers in a gross anatomy dissection course and their effects on academic achievement
Authors: Chung Eun‐Kyung , Nam Kwang‐Il , Oh Sun‐A , Han Eui‐Ryoung , Woo Young‐Jong , Hitchcock Maurice A. 
Published: May 2012

AbstractWe presented two kinds of advance organizers (AOs), video clips and prosection, for a gross anatomy dissection course and compared their effects on academic achievement and student perception of the learning experience. In total, 141 students at Chonnam National University Medical School were randomly assigned to two groups: Group 1 (n = 70) was provided with video clips AO, whereas Group 2 (n = 71) was provided with prosection AO, the use of cadaveric specimens dissected by the course instructor. Student self‐assessment scores regarding the learning objectives of upper limb anatomy improved significantly in both groups. Academic achievement scores in Group 2 were significantly higher than those in Group 1, although the self‐assessment scores were not significantly different between the groups. Additionally, students in Group 2 responded significantly more positively to the statements about perception of the learning experience such as helping them understand the course content and concepts, decreasing anxiety about the dissection course, and participating actively in the dissection. It would seem that the application of prosection as an AO improved academic achievement and increased student engagement and satisfaction. This study will contribute to designing effective AOs and developing a teaching and learning strategy for a gross anatomy dissection course. Clin. Anat. 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Andrew Fyfe the elder (1752(4)–1824): Not all good anatomists are good teachers
Authors: Shoja Mohammadali M. , Mortazavi Martin M. , Malakpour Mehran , Loukas Marios , Rozzelle Curtis J. , Tubbs R. Shane 
Published: May 2012

AbstractThe history of teaching anatomy in Scotland is rich. One Scottish anatomist who has received little attention, however, is Andrew Fyfe the elder. Unfortunately, very little is written on the life and contributions of this early anatomist. He is considered to have been a great anatomist of his day, but a poor teacher of anatomy. Herein, we review the life of this early anatomist whose works have been compared to those of well‐known Scottish anatomists such as the Monros and brothers John and Charles Bell. Clin. Anat. 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Organocatalyst Efficiency in the Michael Additions of Aldehydes to Nitroalkenes in Water and in a Ball‐Mill
Authors: Veverková Eva , Poláčková Viera , Liptáková Lucia , Kázmerová Eva , Mečiarová Mária , Toma Štefan , Šebesta Radovan 
Published: May 2012

AbstractThe enantioselective organocatalytic Michael addition in aqueous solution was compared with the reaction performed under solvent‐free ball‐milling conditions. A range of pyrrolidine‐derived organocatalysts were tested in the addition of aldehydes to nitroalkenes. Both procedures afforded good yields, diastereoselectivities, and enantioselectivities. The best catalyst in aqueous media was O‐lauroyl‐trans‐4‐hydroxyproline, whilst the ball‐milling technique was most‐efficient with α,α‐diphenyl‐2‐pyrrolidinemethanol trimethylsilyl ether.
ChemInform Abstract: Structure Flexibility of the Cu2ZnSnS4 Absorber in Low‐Cost Photovoltaic Cells: From the Stoichiometric to the Copper‐Poor Compounds.
Authors: Choubrac L. , Lafond A. , Guillot‐Deudon C. , Moelo Y. , Jobic S. 
Published: May 2012

AbstractThe crystal structures of Cu2ZnSnS4 and the nonstoichiometric Cu‐poor phase Cu1.71Zn1.18Sn0.99S4 are determined by single crystal and powder XRD.
ChemInform Abstract: Crystal Structure Determination of Solar Cell Materials: Cu2ZnSnS4 Thin Films Using X‐Ray Anomalous Dispersion.
Authors: Nozaki Hiroshi , Fukano Tatsuo , Ohta Shingo , Seno Yoshiki , Katagiri Hironori , Jimbo Kazuo 
Published: May 2012

AbstractThe crystal structure of Cu2ZnSnS4 thin films obtained by vapor phase sulfurization is determined by synchrotron XRD measurements using the anomalous dispersion effect.
ChemInform Abstract: Theoretical Investigation of Hydrogen Adsorption in All‐Metal Aromatic Clusters.
Authors: Srinivasu K. , Ghosh Swapan K. , Das R. , Giri S. , Chattaraj P. K. 
Published: May 2012

AbstractThe hydrogen adsorption properties of the all‐metal aromatic systems Be3M2, Mg3M2, and Al4M2 (M: Li, Na, K) are explored using ab initio quantum chemical DFT and MP2 computations.
ChemInform Abstract: Preparation, Structure, and Photoluminescence Properties of New Layered Borates KBaRE(B3O6)2 (RE: Y, Eu, and Tb).
Authors: Zhao Sangen , Yao Jiyong , Zhang Erpan , Zhang Guochun , Zhang Jianxiu , Fu Peizhen , Wu Yicheng 
Published: May 2012

AbstractThe title compounds are prepared by solid state reaction of K2CO3, BaCO3, Y2O3, Eu2O3, Tb4O7, and H3BO3 (Pt crucible, 750—800 °C, 120 h).
ChemInform Abstract: Zinc Chalcogenolate Complexes as Precursors to ZnE and Mn/ZnE (E: S, Se) Clusters.
Authors: Khadka Chhatra B. , Eichhoefer Andreas , Weigend Florian , Corrigan John F. 
Published: May 2012

AbstractMn(II) is incorporated into well‐defined ZnS and ZnSe cluster frameworks by a low temperature synthetic method.
ChemInform Abstract: Colloidal Synthesis of Wurtzite Cu2ZnSnS4 Nanorods and Their Perpendicular Assembly.
Authors: Singh Ajay , Geaney Hugh , Laffir Fathima , Ryan Kevin M. 
Published: May 2012

AbstractWurtzite Cu2ZnSnS4 nanorods with sizes of 11 x 35 nm are synthesized in high yield by injecting a mixture of 1‐dodecanethiol and tert‐dodecyl mercaptan into a mixture of Cu(acac)2, Zn(OAc)2, Sn(OAc)4, trioctylphosphine oxide, and 1‐octadecene (150—160 °C, 15—30 min).
ChemInform Abstract: Squaramide‐Catalyzed Enantioselective Michael Addition of Malononitrile to Chalcones.
Authors: Yang Wen , Jia Yang , Du Da‐Ming 
Published: May 2012

AbstractTitle reaction provides access to the corresponding γ,γ‐dicyano ketones in moderate to high yields and enantioselectivities (up to 96% e.e.).
ChemInform Abstract: Cu‐Catalyzed Asymmetric [3 + 2] Cycloaddition of α‐Iminoamides with Activated Olefins.
Authors: Gonzalez‐Esguevillas Maria , Adrio Javier , Carretero Juan C. 
Published: May 2012

AbstractThe Cu(I)‐catalyzed asymmetric cycloaddition of α‐iminoamides (III) with activated alkenes in the presence of Segphos ligands leads to 2‐amido‐pyrrolidine derivatives with high exo‐diastereo‐ and excellent enantioselectivity.
ChemInform Abstract: Stereoselective Synthesis of Novel Diels—Alder Adducts of p‐Substituted Methyl Thiocinnamates and Cyclopentadiene.
Authors: Camilo Fernanda F. , Gruber Jonas 
Published: May 2012

AbstractA strong complexation of the dienophil carbonyl oxygen with the boron atom is proposed to be responsible for the high diastereo selectivity (100% d.e.).
ChemInform Abstract: Homogeneous Gold/Palladium Catalytic Systems.
Authors: Hashmi A. Stephen K. , Lothschuetz Christian , Doepp Rene , Ackermann Martin , De Buck Becker Janosc , Rudolph Matthias , Scholz Christian , Rominger Frank 
Published: May 2012

AbstractSubstrates containing an aryl iodide and an allenoate ester undergo gold‐induced cycloisomerization to vinylgold(I) species (III) which are further converted into tricyclic product (IV) by intramolecular palladium‐catalyzed cross‐coupling reactions.
ChemInform Abstract: A Detailed Study of the Intramolecular Hydroamination of N‐(ortho‐Alkynyl)aryl‐N′‐substituted Trifluoroacetamidines and Bromodifluoroacetamidines.
Authors: Zhu Jiangtao , Xie Haibo , Chen Zixian , Li Shan , Wu Yongming 
Published: May 2012

AbstractThe intramolecular hydroamination of title fluoroalkyl‐substituted acetamidines is studied in the presence of gold and copper catalysts, under basic conditions as well as in the presence of iodine.
ChemInform Abstract: Oxidation of Alcohols to Aldehydes and Ketones Using TBHP as an Oxidant over LaMO3 (M: Cr, Mn, Co, Ni, Fe) Perovskites.
Authors: Singh Savita J. , Jayaram Radha V. 
Published: May 2012

AbstractThe used catalyst can be recycled and reactivated for up to six consecutive cycles.
ChemInform Abstract: Enhanced Reduction of C—N Multiple Bonds Using Sodium Borohydride and an Amorphous Nickel Catalyst.
Authors: Liu Shouxin , Yang Yihua , Zhen Xiaoli , Li Junzhang , He Huimin , Feng Juan , Whiting Andrew 
Published: May 2012

AbstractA wide variety of oximes, imines, hydrazones and nitriles is efficiently reduced to the corresponding amines using sodium borohydride in the presence of amorphous nickel as catalyst.
ChemInform Abstract: NHC‐Catalyzed Chemo‐ and Regioselective Hydrosilylation of Carbonyl Derivatives.
Authors: Zhao Qiwu , Curran Dennis P. , Malacria Max , Fensterbank Louis , Goddard Jean‐Philippe , Lacote Emmanuel 
Published: May 2012

AbstractThe reduction of ketones, esters and the imine (XXIV) under mild conditions is achieved with diphenylsilane in the presence of TAC.