bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Validity and practicality of ethnovlog media on the production of typical Riau smoked fish (salai) as a science learning media
Authors: Sari Ermina , Awal Raudhah , Martalasari  , Sudarmin  
Published: May 2024

Scientific studies on vlogs, ethnosciences, and social media literacy are current studies. A study on the development of ethno-vlog that raises local character and can be used as a learning medium is crucial. This study aims to develop a valid and practical ethno-vlog on the production of typical Riau smoked fish (salai fish) as a science learning media, especially in food preservation studies. The research is development research using a 4D development model (Define, Design, Develop, Disseminate). The ethno-vlog validity is carried out by disseminating questionnaires to 5 validators from three universities, namely Universitas Lancang Kuning, Universitas Negeri Padang, and Universitas Negeri Semarang, whereas the ethno-vlog practicality was conducted by three lecturers and 27 students of prospective Biology teachers at Universitas Lancang Kuning, Indonesia. The feasibility test results in that the ethno-vlog of food preservation in the production of typical Riau salai fish is valid and practical to be used as a learning media of food preservation for students of prospective Biology teachers at Universitas Lancang Kuning, Indonesia.
Acute Effects of Cannabigerol on Anxiety, Stress, and Mood: A Double-Blind, Placebo- Controlled, Crossover, Field Trial
Authors: Cuttler Carrie , Stueber Amanda , Cooper Ziva D. , Russo Ethan 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Cannabigerol (CBG) is a phytocannabinoid increasing in popularity, with preclinical research indicating it has anxiolytic and antidepressant effects. However, there are no published clinical trials to corroborate these findings in humans. The primary objective of this study was to examine acute effects of CBG on anxiety, stress, and mood. Secondary objectives were to examine whether CBG produces subjective drug effects or motor and cognitive impairments. A double-blind, placebo-controlled cross-over field trial was conducted with 34 healthy adult participants. Participants completed two sessions (with a one-week washout period) via Zoom. In each, they provided ratings of anxiety, stress, mood, and subjective drug effects prior to double-blind administration of 20mg hemp-derived CBG or placebo tincture (T0). These ratings were collected again after participants ingested the product and completed an online survey (T1), the Trier Social Stress Test (T2), a verbal memory test and the DRUID impairment app (T3). Relative to placebo, there was a significant main effect of CBG on overall reductions in anxiety as well as reductions in stress at T1. CBG also enhanced verbal memory relative to placebo. There was no evidence of subjective drug effects or impairment. CBG may represent a safe, novel option to manage stress and anxiety.
Incidental gallbladder cancer detected during laparoscopic cholecystectomy: Conversion to laparotomy is a feasible choice.
Authors: Zeng Di , Wang Yaoqun , Wen Ningyuan , Lu Jiong , Cheng Nansheng , Li Bei 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background
Re-resection is recommended for patients with incidental gallbladder carcinoma (iGBC) at T1b stage and above. It is unclear whether continuation of laparoscopic re-resection (CLR) for patients with intraoperatively detected iGBC (ID-iGBC) is more beneficial to short- and long-term clinical outcomes than with conversion to laparotomy re-resection (COR).
Methods
This single-centre, retrospective cohort study of patients with iGBC was conducted between June 2006 and August 2021. Patients who underwent immediate re-resection for T1b or higher ID-iGBC were enrolled. Propensity score matching (PSM) was used to match the two groups (CLR and COR) of patients, and differences in clinical outcomes before and after matching were analyzed.
Result
A total of 102 patients with ID-iGBC were included in this study. 58 patients underwent CLR, and 44 underwent COR. After 1:1 propensity score matching, 56 patients were matched to all baselines. Patients in the COR group had a lower total postoperative complication rate, lower pulmonary infection rate, and shorter operation time than those in the CLR group did. Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that the overall survival rate of patients who underwent CLR was significantly lower than that of patients who underwent COR. Multivariate analysis showed that CLR, advanced T stage, lymph node positivity, and the occurrence of postoperative ascites were adverse prognostic factors for the overall survival of patients.
Conclusion
Patients with ID-iGBC who in the COR group had fewer perioperative complications and a better prognosis than the CLR group. For patients with ID-iGBC, conversion to laparotomy re-resection appears to be a better choice.
GDF15 inhibits early-stage adipocyte differentiation by enhancing HOP2 expression and suppressing C/EBPα expression
Authors: Kim Haeng Jun , Kang Sung-Un , Kim Hyo Jeong , Lee Yun Sang , Kim Chul-Ho 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Excessive adipocyte differentiation and accumulation contribute to the development of metabolic disorders. Growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) plays a crucial role in energy homeostasis and is considered an anti-obesity factor; however, increased serum levels of endogenous GDF15 have been reported in certain individuals with obesity. Here, to understand this complex relationship of GDF15 levels with obesity, we investigated its expression and function during early adipogenesis. Mice fed a short-term high-fat diet exhibited a decreased epididymal white adipose tissue and serum GDF15 expression compared to those fed a normal diet. These results were confirmed in human adipose-derived stem cells that showed decreased GDF15 expression during early adipogenesis differentiation. During early adipogenesis, GDF15 was primarily degraded via the autophagy lysosomal pathway, and GDF15 overexpression in preadipocytes inhibited adipogenesis by suppressing the CCAAT enhancer binding protein alpha (C/EBPa). Furthermore, homologous-pairing protein 2 (HOP2) expression decreased during adipogenesis but increased under overexpressed GDF15 conditions. And When HOP2 was knocked down during GDF15 overexpression, there was no suppression of C/EBPa expression. These findings demonstrate that GDF15 undergoes lysosomal degradation through the autophagy pathway and, via HOP2 mediation, suppresses adipocyte differentiation by inhibiting C/EBPa expression. Further, our results suggest that GDF15 could serve as a potential therapeutic target against metabolic disorders.
Global warming’s “Six Americas” among Iowa farmers: Exploring differential attitudes towards climate change and agriculture
Authors: Nowatzke Laurie , Arbuckle J. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Agricultural production in the U.S. Midwest faces pressure to adapt to the negative impacts of climate change (e.g., extreme precipitation, drought) and to mitigate farms’ greenhouse gas emissions. Research has found that farmer attitudes toward and concern about climate change are highly variable and heterogenous. To explore variation in attitudes towards climate change, we have utilized the Six Americas Super Short Survey (SASSY), a four-item questionnaire that types individuals into six “types” based on their climate change beliefs and attitudes, with 1,039 Iowa farmers. This novel application of the SASSY typology method found that 22% of Iowa farmers aligned with the dismissive type, 20% were doubtful, 7% were disengaged, 23% were cautious, 16% were concerned, and 12% were alarmed. We also explored variation in farmers’ attitudes towards agricultural impacts and risks; we find that the SASSY correlates with attitudes towards more specific agricultural issues as they relate to climate change.
Associations of serum levels of cGAMP in the context of COVID-19 infection, atherosclerosis, sterile inflammation, and functional endothelial biomarkers in patients with coronary heart disease and healthy volunteers
Authors: Gumanova Nadezhda G. , Bogdanova Natalya L. , Havrichenko Yaroslav I. , Gorshkov Alexander U. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background
COVID-19 is associated with various changes in immunity, including signaling through the pattern-recognition receptors (PRR). However, the role of these processes is poorly understood. The present study aimed to evaluate the relationships of the serum levels of the cyclic dinucleotide 2’3’-cyclic GMP-AMP (cGAMP) marker of PRR activation with immunoglobulin G antibodies against severe acute respiratory syndrome-linked coronavirus (IgG-SARS)-positive status and endothelial dysfunction in apparently healthy subjects and in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD).
Methods
The present study investigated selected groups from two cohorts, including cohort 1 of 307 healthy volunteers and cohort 2 of 218 CHD patients. COVID-19 infection was confirmed by the detection of IgG-SARS against SARS-CoV-2 S1 protein receptor-binding domain. Cohort 1 (24–69 years of age; 44.8 ± 8.6 years; 80.4% men) was examined for systematic coronary risk evaluation by European Society of Cardiology (SCORE) starting from 2019 before the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. Cohort 2 (63 ± 10.9 years of age, 54% men) was processed starting from 2017 (three years prior to the COVID-19 pandemic) in a hospital setting to undergo coronary angiography to assess coronary lesions as Gensini score. The levels of cGAMP and endothelial markers (nitrate and nitrite combined as NOx and endothelin-1) were assessed in the serum to evaluate the associations with IgG-SARS status, SCORE, and extent of coronary lesions by correlation and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses.
Results
Serum cGAMP did not discriminate between SARS-positive and SARS-negative healthy subject of cohort 1. Moreover, the level of cGAMP was not associated with endothelial biomarkers in healthy subjects. However, serum cGAMP was associated with atherosclerosis in cohort 2 in patients with CHD (area under the curve (AUC) 0.69; 95% CI 0.587–0.806; P = 0.001), indicating that serum cGAMP was lower in patients with coronary stenosis compared to that in patients without coronary lesions.
Conclusions
Low levels of serum cGAMP were associated with atherosclerosis and markers of endothelial dysfunction in patients with CHD. However, cGAMP was not associated with endothelial biomarkers or IgG-SASR immune status in healthy subjects, suggesting that cGAMP may be a new biomarker of coronary lesions in the context of sterile inflammation.
A cardiac mass revealing a thoracic neuroblastoma in a four-years- old: a case report
Authors: Ouafik I. , Tizki S. , Arache H. , Safadi S. , Ouhsousou H. , Bazi I. , Salek M. , Wakrim S. , Raqim S. , Bouhajeb Y. , Minaoui M. , Nassik H. , Daoudi A. , Nainia K. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Neuroblastoma, an embryonal malignant tumor originating from neuroblasts within the sympathetic nervous system, is the third most prevalent pediatric malignancy, following leukemias and central nervous system tumors. The primary sites of metastases from neuroblastoma are the bone marrow, bones, and lymph nodes. Cardiac extension is an exceptionally rare occurrence. We report the case of a four-year-old child, with no prior medical history of cardiopathy, who had been experiencing exertional dyspnea for a few months leading to his admission. The patient presented to the pediatric emergency department for shortness of breath, chest pain, and fever.The clinical findings were: polypnea, signs of respiratory distress, bilateral jugular vein distention, and a systolic heart murmur at all the cardiac auscultation sites. A chest X-ray showed cardiomegaly and alveolar edema. Echocardiography revealed a large atrial septal defect with right heart enlargement, severe pulmonary hypertension, and an echogenic mobile lesion in the left atrium. Further investigations revealed a large left posterior mediastinal mass with calcifications extending to the left atrium. A biopsy was performed and histopathology of the mediastinal mass revealed neuroblastoma. The intracardiac extension of tumors in the pediatric population is rare. Thoracic and cardiac imagery can be used to characterize the mass further and adapt treatment. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first published case of a posterior mediastinal neuroblastoma with direct intracardiac extension.
Two novel intronic mutations in ABCB4 gene: clinical manifestations and molecular mechanisms and literatures review
Authors: Zheng Yufeng , Weng Yuhang , Li Shunxin , Yang Yongfeng 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background and Aims: ABCB4 gene is closely related to bile transport and excretion. There are few studies on intronic mutations. In this study, we aimed to explore the pathogenicity of 2 newly discovered intronic mutations of the ABCB4 gene.
Methods: This research enrolled 2 patients with novel ABCB4 intronic mutations and we analyzed their clinical characteristics. The pathogenicity of 2 variants was predicted and analyzed in silicon. Minigene analysis was made to investigate their effects on splicing patterns. And the effects of mutations on the expression of ABCB4 mRNA and MDR3 were further explored. Additionally, we also conducted a literature review on ABCB4 intronic mutations.
Results: The main clinical manifestation of 2 patients was cholestasis. Liver pathology showed that 2 patients had different degrees of bile duct damage, inflammation and fibrosis. The results of the three pathogenicity prediction tools were similar, and it suggested that 2 intronic mutations might interfere with normal splicing. Moreover, minigene experiments demonstrated that the c.537-32G > T create a new alternative intron splicing receptor, resulting in the retention of 16-bp intronic sequence. And the c.833 + 2T > C created a new alternative intron splicing donor, resulting in the retention of 67-bp intronic sequence. The mRNA expression of c.537-32G > T was up-regulated compared with the wild type, while the mRNA expression of c.833 + 2T > C was down-regulated. Both of these 2 mutations led to the decrease of MDR3 expression. The review of ABCB4 intronic variants reported so far indicates that
Conclusions: The mutation of c.537-32G > T and c.833 + 2T > C of ABCB4 gene are splicing mutations, and they tempered with 3' splicing site and 5' splicing site respectively. Clinical data, bioinformatics prediction, and in vitro experiments all indicated that the 2 mutations are pathogenic.
Timing of the Repeat Thyroid Fine-Needle Aspiration Biopsy: Does Early Repeat Biopsy Change the Rate of Nondiagnostic or Atypia of Undetermined Significance Cytology Result?
Authors: KAHRAMANCA Fatma Dilek DELLAL , SACIKARA Muhammet , KILICARSLAN Aydan , OGMEN Berna , AYDIN Cevdet , TOPALOGLU Oya , ERSOY Reyhan , CAKIR Bekir 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Purpose To determine whether early repeat fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNA) has an effect on adequate or atypia of undetermined significance (AUS) cytology rates in thyroid nodules with inadequate or AUS result in the first FNA.Methods Nodules of patients who underwent repeat biopsy due to insufficient or AUS cytology between 2019–2022 were included. Data of the patients and ultrasonographic, cytological and histopathological results of the nodules were recorded. Additionally, the time between the two biopsies was noted. The first was called initial and the second was called rebiopsy. Five different paired groups were formed according to the time between two consecutive biopsies; before and after 1 month, 45 days, 2 months, 3 months, and 6 months. The groups were compared in terms of adequate and AUS cytological results.Results We evaluated 1129 patients with 2187 nodules undergoing FNAB. After excluding nodules with one FNA result and/or missing data, 966 nodules of 628 patients who underwent FNA at least twice were included. Initial cytology was nondiagnostic (ND) in 665 (30.4%) and AUS/FLUS in 301 (13.8%) nodules. The mean age of the patients was 52.0 ± 11.9, and the female sex ratio was 78.8% (n = 495). There were no differences in adequate or AUS rebiopsy results according to the different time interval groups (p > 0.05 for all). AUS result was statistically insignificantly more frequent in nodules with initially AUS nodules when rebiopsy was performed before one month in comparison to after one month (72.9%, 46.2%; p = 0.054). Accuracy of rebiopsy was also similar in the time intervals groups (p > 0.05 for all).Conclusion In patients with inadequate or AUS initial biopsy, the rate of adequate or AUS cytology results at rebiopsy did not vary with the timing of repeat biopsy indicating that there may be no need to wait one month for a repeat biopsy. In patients with suspicious nodules, biopsy might be repeated before one month.
Association of Metal Cations with the Anti-PF4/Heparin Antibody Response in Heparin-Induced Thrombocytopenia
Authors: Giles Jason B , Martinez Kiana L , Steiner Heidi E , Klein Andrew , Ooi Aikseng , Pryor Julie , Sweitzer Nancy , Fuchs Deborah , Karnes Jason H 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) is an antibody-mediated immune response against complexes of heparin and platelet factor 4 (PF4). The electrostatic interaction between heparin and PF4 is critical for the anti-PF4/heparin antibody response seen in HIT. The binding of metal cations to heparin induces conformational changes and charge neutralization of the heparin molecule, and cation-heparin binding can modulate the specificity and affinity for heparin-binding partners. However, the effects of metal cation binding to heparin in the context of anti-PF4/heparin antibody response have not been determined. Here, we utilized inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) to quantify 16 metal cations in patient plasma and tested for correlation with anti-PF4/heparin IgG levels and platelet count after clinical suspicion of HIT in a cohort of heparin-treated patients. The average age of the cohort (n = 32) was 60.53 (SD = 14.31) years old, had a mean anti-PF4/heparin antibody optical density [OD405] of 0.93 (SD = 1.21) units and was primarily female (n = 23). Patients with positive anti-PF4/heparin antibody test results (OD405 ≥ 0.5 units) were younger, had increased weight and BMI, and were more likely to have a positive serotonin release assay (SRA) result compared to antibody negative patients. We observed statistical differences between antibody positive and negative groups for sodium and aluminum and significant correlations of anti-PF4/heparin antibody levels with sodium and silver. While differences in sodium concentrations were associated with antibody positive status and correlated with antibody levels, no replication was performed. Additional studies are warranted to confirm our observed association, including in vitro binding studies and larger observational cohorts.
Beyond the Boundaries: a Case Report of Dedifferentiated Endometrial Carcinoma Masquerading as a Neurological Disorder
Authors: Kenmoe Jerry , Belal Mohamed , Umoh Israel , Borgeson Jeffrey , Hussain Zahid 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background:
Dedifferentiated endometrial cancer (DEC) presents a unique clinical challenge due to its atypical manifestations and aggressive metastatic behavior. It often poses diagnostic dilemmas, particularly when presenting with unusual symptoms.
Case Presentation:
A fifty-something year-old patient with a history of hypertension and obesity presented with clinical symptoms suggestive of seizures. However, further investigation through diagnostic imaging revealed lesions in the abdomen, chest, and pelvic region, along with evidence of multiple brain invasion and pulmonary nodules. Biopsy results confirmed the presence of extensive malignant disorder, characterized by poor differentiation and aggressive activity.
The neurological symptoms observed in the patient resembled those of a seizure disorder but lacked typical characteristics. This unusual presentation and rapid disease progression underscored the clinical significance of the case, highlighting the complexity of diagnosing DEC and the need for thorough differential diagnosis in such scenarios.
Conclusion:
This case study sheds light on the aggressive nature of DEC and underscores the importance of a multidisciplinary approach and comprehensive evaluation in managing challenging cases of endometrial cancer. By emphasizing the complexities associated with DEC and its deceptive symptomatology, this study contributes valuable insights to the medical literature, ultimately advocating for enhanced clinical vigilance and tailored management strategies in similar cases.
Large Language Model-Driven Selection of Glutathione Peroxidase 4 as a Candidate Blood Transcriptional Biomarker for Circulating Erythroid Cells
Authors: Subba Bishesh , Toufiq Mohammed , Omi Fuadur , Yurieva Marina , Khan Taushif , Rinchai Darawan , Palucka Karolina , Chaussabel Damien 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background
The identification of optimal candidate genes from large-scale blood transcriptomic data is crucial for developing targeted assays to monitor immune responses. Here, we employ a large language model (LLM)-based approach for prioritizing candidate biomarkers from blood transcriptional modules.
Methods
Focusing on module M14.51 from the BloodGen3 repertoire, which is associated with erythroid cells and erythropoiesis, we utilized OpenAI's GPT-4 and Anthropic's Claude to score and rank the module's constituent genes across six criteria: relevance to erythroid biology, existing biomarkers, potential as a blood biomarker, leukocyte immune biology, drug targeting, and immune disease therapeutics. The LLMs were then used to select a top candidate gene based on the scoring justifications. Reference transcriptome data was incorporated to validate the selection.
Results
The LLMs consistently identified Glutathione Peroxidase 4 (GPX4) as the top candidate gene for module M14.51. GPX4's role in oxidative stress regulation, its potential as a future drug target, and its expression across diverse immune cell types supported its selection. The incorporation of reference transcriptome data further validated GPX4 as the most suitable candidate for this module.
Conclusions
Our LLM-driven workflow enhances the efficiency of candidate gene prioritization, enabling the development of biologically relevant and clinically informative targeted assays. The identification of GPX4 as a key gene in the erythroid cell-associated module M14.51 highlights the potential of this approach for biomarker discovery and targeted assay development.