bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Capital Market Effects of Centralizing Regulated Financial Information
Authors: SRAN GURPAL , TUIJN MARCEL , VOLLON LAUREN 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACTWe study the capital market effects of information centralization by exploiting the staggered implementation of digital storage and access platforms for regulated financial information (Officially Appointed Mechanisms, or OAMs) in the European Union. We find that the implementation of OAMs results in significant improvements in capital market liquidity, consistent with the notion that OAMs lower investors' processing costs. The findings are more pronounced when processing costs are high to begin with, that is, when firms (1) are small and receive low business press coverage and (2) have high levels of retail ownership. We then identify a mechanism through which centralization facilitates capital market effects: information spillovers. First, we find that liquidity improvements are larger when OAMs have features that easily allow investors to search for peer firm information. Second, liquidity improvements are larger for firms with a high share of industry peers operating on the same OAM and for firms with a high share of small, low‐coverage peers on that OAM. Third, around the annual report release dates of peer firms, focal‐firm liquidity improves and focal‐peer stock return synchronicity increases. Overall, our evidence suggests that, even in a modern information age, information centralization improves capital market liquidity and facilitates the acquisition and use of peer firm information.
Optimization of crystal violet technique for enhanced fingerprint detection on various surfaces
Authors: Gülekçi Yakup , Tülek Ahmet 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe crystal violet (CV) staining technique represents a prevalent approach for the development of latent fingerprints, especially on adhesive tape surfaces. Nevertheless, the technique necessitates intricate formulations to augment its performance. In this investigation, an optimized CV staining protocol was developed, characterized by the absence of residual dye on the target substrates and the capability of facilitating fingerprint visualization under ambient light conditions. Four donors, comprising two males and two females, deposited natural fingerprints on various substrates, including glass microscope slides, aluminum foil, and 115 g glossy coated paper, without any specific guidelines. Fingerprints developed using cyanoacrylate fuming served as benchmarks and were contrasted with those generated through alternative methods: CV, ardrox, rhodamine 6G, powdering, and the optimized CV staining protocol. The fingerprint development experiment was replicated at seven distinct time intervals, encompassing 1 day, 1 week, 1, 3, 6, 9, and 12 months, resulting in a dataset of 420 fingerprints. The evaluation of fingerprint identifiability employed a scoring system established by the Home Office Centre for Applied Science and Technology. The results indicated that the optimized CV staining technique demonstrated superior performance, boasting a 92.9% rate of identifiable fingerprint development in contrast to other employed methodologies. Consequently, this optimized CV staining approach is recommended as an efficient, rapid, and straightforward critical dyeing method, applicable to a wide array of substrates in forensic investigations.
A novel evaluation model of image registration for cone‐beam computed tomography guided lung cancer radiotherapy
Authors: Liu Yimei , Chen Meining , Fang Jianlan , Xiao Liangjie , Liu Songran , Li Qiwen , Qiu Bo , Huang Runda , Zhang Jun , Peng Yinglin 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of the study was to establish a weighted comprehensive evaluation model (WCEM) of image registration for cone‐beam computed tomography (CBCT) guided lung cancer radiotherapy that considers the geometric accuracy of gross target volume (GTV) and organs at risk (OARs), and assess the registration accuracy of different image registration methods to provide clinical references.MethodsThe planning CT and CBCT images of 20 lung cancer patients were registered using diverse algorithms (bony and grayscale) and regions of interest (target, ipsilateral, and body). We compared the coverage ratio (CR) of the planning target volume (PTVCT) to GTVCBCT, as well as the dice similarity coefficient (DSC) of the GTV and OARs, considering the treatment position across various registration methods. Furthermore, we developed a mathematical model to assess registration results comprehensively. This model was evaluated and validated using CRFs across four automatic registration methods.ResultsThe grayscale registration method, coupled with the registration of the ipsilateral structure, exhibited the highest level of automatic registration accuracy, the DSC were 0.87 ± 0.09 (GTV), 0.71 ± 0.09 (esophagus), 0.74 ± 0.09 (spinal cord), and 0.91 ± 0.05 (heart), respectively. Our proposed WCEM proved to be both practical and effective. The results clearly indicated that the grayscale registration method, when applied to the ipsilateral structure, achieved the highest CRF score. The average CRF scores, excellent rates, good rate and qualification rates were 58 ± 26, 40%, 75%, and 85%, respectively.ConclusionsThis study successfully developed a clinically relevant weighted evaluation model for CBCT‐guided lung cancer radiotherapy. Validation confirmed the grayscale method's optimal performance in ipsilateral structure registration.
Respond or not? Analyst recommendation and companies' press releases after adverse events
Authors: Chiu Tiffany , Chiu Victoria , Wang Aiguo , Wang Tawei , Wang Yunsen 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis study examines whether management responds to adverse events and how the press releases after adverse events are associated with analyst recommendation. Using Securities Exchange Act of 1934 Section 10b lawsuits – manipulative and deceptive practices in securities trading – as the proxy for adverse events, we show that companies do not always address the events. However, by issuing a press release within 2 days after the event, the negative effect of the lawsuit on analyst recommendation is smaller. This study advances our understanding in responding to adverse events and provides practical implications for managers.
The flow‐performance puzzle: Insights from passive and active ETFs
Authors: Yousefi Hamed , Najand Mohammad , Sun Licheng 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis study examines the relationship between fund flows and subsequent performance, testing the smart money and price pressure hypotheses within the context of passive and active exchange‐traded funds (ETFs). By differentiating between managerial skill and non‐fundamental demand shocks, we uncover a significant positive flow‐performance relationship, challenging traditional attributions solely to investor skill in identifying superior fund management. We further develop a measure of flow shocks to individual stocks by aggregating daily changes in ETF ownership of 5600 stocks. An event study on ETF constituents further disentangles the effects of price pressure from smart money. Through robust analyses, including Fama–French industry portfolios and propensity score matching, our findings suggest a nuanced interaction between investor behaviour and market dynamics, contributing to the discourse on fund flows' impact on performance. This research highlights the complexity of the flow‐performance relationship and its implications for fund management and investment strategies, offering new insights into the mechanisms driving fund performance in the ETF landscape.
Does innovation matter for asymmetric cost behaviour? Evidence from forward citations to the patents
Authors: Oh Seul Gi , Ra Kyeongheum 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis study investigates how innovation affects cost stickiness. Utilising data on patents of US firms between 1991 and 2022, we find that the extent of cost stickiness is greater with a greater number of forward citations for patents. We also find that the main relationship is more pronounced in high‐tech industries, high labour cost intensity, and market competition. In addition, we find that firms with a higher number of patents and forward citation experience a subsequent increase in sales. Overall, this makes a valuable addition to the extant literature, proposing that patents serve as an alternative driver of cost stickiness.
Landscape of transcriptome‐wide m6A modification in diabetic liver reveals rewiring of PI3K‐Akt signaling after physical exercise
Authors: Chen Cong , Jiang Cai , Lin Ting , Hu Yue , Wu Huijuan , Xiang Qing , Yang Minguang , Wang Sinuo , Han Xiao , Tao Jing 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAimType 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is one of the most common diseases, and epigenetic modification N6‐methyladenosine (m6A) is essential for transcriptional modulation involved in its development. However, the precise role and landscape of transcriptome‐wide m6A alterations in molecular adaptations after physical exercise have yet to be fully elucidated.MethodsFour‐week‐old male C57BL/6J mice received a high‐fat diet (HFD) for 12 weeks to establish a diabetic state, and HFD mice were simultaneously subjected to physical exercise (HFD + EX). The hepatic RNA m6A methylome was examined, the conjoint MeRIP‐seq and RNA‐seq was performed, and the exercise‐modulated genes were confirmed.ResultsPhysical exercise significantly ameliorates liver metabolic disorder and triggers a dynamic change in hepatic RNA m6A. By analyzing the distribution of m6A in transcriptomes, an abundance of m6A throughout mRNA transcripts and a pattern of conserved m6A after physical exercise was identified. It is noteworthy that conjoint MeRIP‐seq and RNA‐seq data revealed that both differentially methylated genes and differentially expressed genes were enriched in all stages of the PI3K‐Akt signaling pathway, in particular the upstream nodes of this pathway, which are considered a valuable therapeutic target for T2DM. Moreover, in vivo and in vitro analyses showed that exercise‐mediated methyltransferase Rbm15 positively regulated the expression of two upstream genes (Itga3 and Fgf21) in an m6A‐dependent manner.ConclusionThese findings highlight the pivotal role of the exercise‐induced m6A epigenetic network and contribute insights into the intricate epigenetic mechanism underlying insulin signaling.
Validity of the DSM‐5 Mixed Features Specifier Interview
Authors: Zimmerman Mark , Mackin Daniel 
Published: April 2024

AbstractObjectivesTo examine the reliability and validity of a semi‐structured interview assessing the features of the DSM‐5 mixed features specifier. Our goal was to develop an instrument that could be used for both diagnostic and severity measurement purposes.MethodsFour hundred fifty‐nine psychiatric patients in a depressive episode were interviewed by a trained diagnostic rater who administered semi‐structured interviews including the DSM‐5 Mixed Features Specifier Interview (DMSI). We examined the inter‐rater reliability and psychometric properties of the DMSI. The patients were rated on clinician rating scales of depression, anxiety, and irritability, and measures of psychosocial functioning, suicidality, and family history of bipolar disorder.ResultsThe DMSI had excellent joint‐interview interrater reliability. More than twice as many patients met the DSM‐5 mixed features specifier criteria during the week before the assessment than for the majority of the episode (9.4% vs. 3.9%). DMSI total scores were more highly correlated with a clinician‐rated measure of manic symptoms than with measures of depression and anxiety. More patients with bipolar depression met the mixed features specifier than patients with MDD. Amongst patients with MDD, those with mixed features more frequently had a family history of bipolar disorder, were more frequently diagnosed with anxiety disorders, attention deficit disorder, and borderline personality disorder, more frequently had attempted suicide, and were more severely depressed, anxious, and irritable.ConclusionThe DMSI is a reliable and valid measure of the presence of the DSM‐5 mixed features specifier in depressed patients as well as the severity of the features of the specifier.
Integrating Family Strengths in Child Protection Goals
Authors: Rijbroek Brigit , Strating Mathilde M. H. , Huijsman Robbert 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACTOver the last decades, child protection workers (CPWs) have largely focused on improving their work with a strength‐based approach in order to empower families. This study investigates to what extent CPWs draw on families' strengths, that is, by promoting autonomy and competencies and by involving their informal networks in goal formulation. This quantitative study analysed the goals, as stated in case files, formulated by CPWs for 177 families within a single Dutch child protection service. 48.6% of CPWs prioritise promoting families' autonomy in goal formulation. With regard to competencies, only 40.1% of the goals refer to the families' competencies. In addition, the support system that the goals call upon tends to be dominated by formal rather than informal networks (in 71.2% of cases). While it is true that child protection cases can benefit from the support of a formal networks, CPWs overwhelmingly failed to encourage support from existing informal networks (in 95.5% of cases). There were no relationships between these percentages and the nature of the family problems or the question of whether or to what extent the CPWs identified the specific strengths of families. These findings show that half of the CPWs had integrated a strength‐based approach in their daily practice to some extent, and therefore improvements are needed in order to more successfully encourage families to change.
The Benefits and Costs of Employee Stock Ownership Plans in China
Authors: He Qing , Jiang Dongming , Liu Erzhuo 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACTResearch IssueWe investigate the deliberations of controlling shareholders in assessing the trade‐offs between costs and benefits preceding the adoption of an Employee Stock Ownership Plan (ESOP). Furthermore, we explore the market responses to ESOP announcements and their associations with the private benefits of control. Moreover, our study delves into the modifications in private benefits of control, changes in employment dynamics, and subsequent operating performance subsequent to the implementation of ESOPs.Research InsightsWe conduct our research employing a comprehensive dataset encompassing the adoptions of ESOPs within publicly listed Chinese companies during the period spanning from 2014 to 2020. Our empirical findings reveal that firms characterized by diminished private benefits of control, as indicated by a reduced wedge between control rights and cash flow rights, as well as a lower frequency of related party transactions, are more inclined to consider the adoption of ESOPs, especially when the potential for productivity gains is substantial. These firms also elicit more positive market reactions upon the announcement of their ESOP initiatives. While ESOPs do lead to heightened productivity, the overall enhancement in operating performance remains relatively modest due to the significant cost burden imposed on shareholders by the large unearned employee compensation. Our results suggest that controlling shareholders who partake in fewer private benefits of control are more inclined to forego these entitlements in favor of embracing ESOPs as a strategic mechanism for realizing productivity gains. However, it is imperative to acknowledge that such gains may be considerably offset by substantial increases in employee compensation expenses. Despite the prevalence of short‐lived features in Chinese practice, we lack substantial evidence supporting their inhibitory effects on the increased monitoring and productivity following ESOP adoption.Academic ImplicationsThis study provides a comprehensive examination of recent ESOPs in the Chinese context, offering insights into the regulatory complexities within the largest emerging market. The research contributes to the existing literature by unveiling the intricate relationship between private benefits of control and the decision to adopt ESOPs, as well as their subsequent implications. Notably, our findings, particularly the observed neutral impact on operating performance, augment the ongoing discourse surrounding the efficacy of ESOPs in augmenting shareholder value.Policy ImplicationsThis research introduces ESOPs as an innovative mechanism for mitigating private benefits of control, particularly in the context of emerging markets where controlling shareholders tend to accrue significant private benefits of control. The incorporation of performance‐related criteria within the ESOP framework serves as a means to effectively manage the additional compensation associated with these plans, thereby enhancing their overall efficacy.
A commentary review on endoscopic sleeve gastroplasty: Indications, outcomes and future implications
Authors: Abuawwad Mahmoud , Tibude Ameya , Bansi Devinder , Idris Iskandar , Madhok Brijesh 
Published: April 2024

AbstractMetabolic and bariatric surgeries have been shown to be the most effective strategy to induce and maintain significant weight loss for people living with severe obesity. However, ongoing concerns regarding operative risks, irreversibility and excess costs limit their broader clinical use. Endoscopic bariatric therapies are pragmatic alternatives for patients who are not suitable for metabolic and bariatric surgeries or who are concerned regarding their long‐term safety. Endoscopic sleeve gastroplasty has emerged as a novel technique of endoscopic bariatric therapies, which have garnered significant interest and evidence in the past few years. Its safety, efficacy and cost‐effectiveness have been shown in various studies, while comparisons with sleeve gastrectomy have been widely made. This review brings together current evidence pertaining to the technicality of the procedure itself, current indications, safety and efficacy, cost‐effectiveness, as well as its future role and development.
Free ride without raising a thumb: A citizen science project reveals the pattern of active ant hitchhiking on vehicles and its ecological implications
Authors: Hsu Feng‐Chuan , Hsu Gen‐Chang , Lee Ching‐Chen , Lin Chung‐Chi , Ho Chuan‐Kai , Yang Chin‐Cheng Scotty 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Species hitchhiking on human transportation objects such as vehicles can facilitate long‐distance dispersal of organisms, allowing increased probabilities of successful biological invasions. In Taiwan, there have been observations of ants actively moving onto motor vehicles (defined as ‘ant hitchhiking’ hereafter), yet no study has explored this phenomenon.
Here, we provide the first qualitative and quantitative report on ant hitchhiking behaviour using citizen science data. From 2017 to 2023, 52 cases of ant hitchhiking on vehicles were reported (at least three cases with queen[s] and another eight cases with brood), attributed to nine species. Seven of the nine species were exotic/invasive. Arboreal or semi‐arboreal ant species, particularly the exotic black cocoa ant (Dolichoderus thoracicus), accounted for over half of the reported cases. The parking duration of the vehicles on which the ants hitchhiked ranged from several hours to over a month (30 cases occurred within a day). Moreover, more cases were reported in the warmer seasons (spring and summer) than in the colder seasons (fall and winter).
To our knowledge, this study represents the first effort to profile active ant hitchhiking on vehicles. We encourage future studies to examine the abiotic and biotic factors that determine the success of hitchhiking events to better predict the spread of exotic/invasive ants and to develop effective management strategies for preventing their biological invasions.
The effect of texture on the very high cycle fatigue performance and deformation mechanism of rolled AZ31B magnesium alloys
Authors: Zhan Min , Wang Xiangyu , Dai Yajun , Liu Chang , Chen Yao , Liu Yongjie , Wang Chong , Li Lang , Wang Qingyuan , He Chao 
Published: April 2024

AbstractRolling can result in anisotropy in the microstructure and mechanical properties of the sheet material. This study focuses on the very high cycle fatigue (VHCF) performance of magnesium alloys in the rolling direction (RD), normal direction (ND), and the bisecting angle between the ND and RD (ND–RD). The findings reveal that RD specimens demonstrate superior fatigue performance, while the ND specimens exhibit the lowest fatigue resistance. During the crack initiation stage, the primary influential factor is the maximum shear stress. Due to c‐axis alignment with ND direction in grains, the deformation mode for ND and RD specimens primarily involves first‐order pyramidal slip, while ND–RD specimens primarily undergo basal slip and prismatic slip. In early stable crack propagation, grain size and texture cause variations in the morphology of the rough area among the three directional specimens. Notably, the RD specimens show faster crack propagation during crack initiation than early stable propagation stage.
Transitioning from emicizumab prophylaxis to valoctocogene roxaparvovec gene therapy: A simulation study for individuals with severe haemophilia A
Authors: Agarwal Suresh , Hermans Cedric , Miesbach Wolfgang , Peyvandi Flora , Sidonio Robert , Osmond Dane , Newman Vanessa , Henshaw Josh , Pipe Steven 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIntroductionValoctocogene roxaparvovec, a gene therapy evaluated in the phase 3 GENEr8‐1 trial, supports endogenous factor VIII (FVIII) production to prevent bleeding in people with severe haemophilia A. Individuals receiving emicizumab, an antibody mimicking the function of activated FVIII, were excluded from GENEr8‐1 enrolment since emicizumab was an investigational therapy at the time of trial initiation.AimUtilize pharmacokinetic simulations to provide guidance on best practices for maintaining haemostatic control while transitioning from emicizumab prophylaxis to valoctocogene roxaparvovec.MethodsTo estimate bleeding risk at weekly intervals following valoctocogene roxaparvovec infusion, a published emicizumab pharmacokinetic model was used to simulate emicizumab concentrations and merged with FVIII activity time‐course data for participants in GENEr8‐1. The analysis investigated three approved emicizumab dosing regimens for two transition scenarios that varied whether the last dose of emicizumab was administered on the same day or 4 weeks after valoctocogene roxaparvovec infusion.ResultsSimulations demonstrated administering the last emicizumab dose the day of valoctocogene roxaparvovec infusion and 4 weeks after offered similar levels of haemostatic control, and bleeding risk was similar for all emicizumab dosing regimens. An algorithm was developed to provide guidance for discontinuation of emicizumab. Theoretical cases based on GENEr8‐1 participants are presented to illustrate how decisions may vary among individuals.ConclusionPharmacokinetic simulations demonstrated no clinically meaningful difference in bleeding risk caused by decaying emicizumab levels and rising gene therapy‐derived endogenous FVIII for all examined emicizumab doses and dosing regimens. Therefore, multiple approaches can safely transition individuals from emicizumab prophylaxis to valoctocogene roxaparvovec.