bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Full‐mouth profile of active MMP‐8 in periodontitis patients
Authors: Kraft‐Neumärker M. , Lorenz K. , Koch R. , Hoffmann T. , Mäntylä P. , Sorsa T. , Netuschil L. 
Published: September 2011

Kraft‐Neumärker M, Lorenz K, Koch R, Hoffmann T, Mäntylä P, Sorsa T, Netuschil L. Full‐mouth profile of active MMP‐8 in periodontitis patients. J Periodont Res 2012; 47: 121–128. © 2011 John Wiley & Sons A/SBackground and Objective:  MMP‐8 in gingival crevicular fluid is considered as a protease with high destructive potential because of its ability to degrade collagen in periodontitis‐affected patients. The aim of this study was to investigate whether there was a relationship between clinical diagnostic parameters and the concentration of active MMP‐8 (aMMP‐8) in gingival crevicular fluid in a site‐level full‐mouth analysis. Based on these data, the prognostic value of aMMP‐8 levels in relation to pocket depth may be evaluated.Material and Methods:  Clinical measurements of pocket depth, bleeding on probing (BOP), plaque index (PlI) and gingival index (GI), as well as samples of gingival crevicular fluid, were obtained from four sites of each tooth of nine healthy female patients with chronic generalized periodontitis. The aMMP‐8 concentration in gingival crevicular fluid was quantified by ELISA using specific monoclonal antibodies. Multiple linear regression models for the single measures of aMMP‐8 and pocket depth were calculated with GI and BOP as additional variables.Results:  Between 92 and 112 recordings were obtained for each parameter in each patient. Mean values of between 31.5 and 88.8% were calculated for pocket depths of ≥ 4 mm. Mean pocket depths ranged from 3.11 to 4.73 mm, the mean BOP values ranged from 34.0 to 96.7% and the mean full‐mouth gingival crevicular fluid aMMP‐8 concentration ranged from 3.2 to 23.7 ng/mL.Conclusion:  In this sample of female periodontitis patients, a broad range of intra‐individual and interindividual aMMP‐8 values was found. Although the explained variance was rather weak, a statistically significant relationship between aMMP‐8 and pocket depth was proven.
Estimating the Relative Uncertainties Sourced from GCMs and Hydrological Models in Modeling Climate Change Impact on Runoff
Authors: Teng Jin , Vaze Jai , Chiew Francis H. S. , Wang Biao , Perraud Jean-Michel 
Published: September 2011

Abstract
This paper assesses the relative uncertainties from GCMs and from hydrological models in modeling climate change impact on runoff across southeast Australia. Five lumped conceptual daily rainfall–runoff models are used to model runoff using historical daily climate series and using future climate series obtained by empirically scaling the historical climate series informed by simulations from 15 GCMs. The majority of the GCMs project a drier future for this region, particularly in the southern parts, and this is amplified as a bigger reduction in the runoff. The results indicate that the uncertainty sourced from the GCMs is much larger than the uncertainty in the rainfall–runoff models. The variability in the climate change impact on runoff results for one rainfall–runoff model informed by 15 GCMs (an about 28%–35% difference between the minimum and maximum results for mean annual, mean seasonal, and high runoff) is considerably larger than the variability in the results between the five rainfall–runoff models informed by 1 GCM (a less than 7% difference between the minimum and maximum results). The difference between the rainfall–runoff modeling results is larger in the drier regions for scenarios of big declines in future rainfall and in the low-flow characteristics. The rainfall–runoff modeling here considers only the runoff sensitivity to changes in the input climate data (primarily daily rainfall), and the difference between the hydrological modeling results is likely to be greater if potential changes in the climate–runoff relationship in a warmer and higher CO2 environment are modeled.
Differences in Clinical Characteristics of Head Injuries to Snowboarders by Skill Level
Authors: Koyama Shinya , Fukuda Osamu , Hayashi Nakamasa , Endo Shunro 
Published: September 2011

Background: Many reports have compared head injuries between snowboarding and skiing. However, detailed studies comparing snowboarding head injuries between beginners and intermediates/experts have been lacking. Purpose: The authors investigated differences in clinical characteristics of head injuries to snowboarders between beginners (group B) and intermediates/experts (group IE). Study Design: Descriptive epidemiology study. Methods: The study population included 2367 patients treated at Saito Memorial Hospital and Yuzawa Community Health Medical Center, Niigata Prefecture, Japan, during 9 seasons from 1999-2000 to 2007-2008. Results: Group B comprised 959 patients (mean age, 23.0 years; 52% males). Group IE comprised 1408 patients (mean age, 24.8 years; 72% males). Accidents in group B predominantly occurred as falls on gentle slopes (37%) and intermediate slopes (33%), whereas accidents in group IE occurred mostly during jumping (48%). The impact point on the head was predominantly occipital in both groups, but group IE showed a significantly higher frequency of trauma to the frontal region. The ratio of neurologic abnormalities was significantly higher in group IE. However, the ratio of surgical cases was significantly higher in group B (n = 10, 1.04%) than in group IE (n = 5, 0.36%). More acute subdural hematomas were seen in group B, but more fractures, contusions, and acute epidural hematomas were seen in group IE. Four moderate disabilities, 2 comatose patients, and 2 deaths were seen in group B, and 1 moderate disability, 2 severe disabilities, and 1 death were seen in group IE during this study. Conclusion: The data suggest significant differences in clinical states between beginners and intermediates/experts. Preventive methods for severe head injuries among snowboarders need to be devised based on differences in skill levels.
Prospective assessment of C4d deposits on circulating cells and renal tissues in lupus nephritis: a pilot study
Authors: Batal I , Liang K , Bastacky S , Kiss LP , McHale T , Wilson NL , Paul B , Lertratanakul A , Ahearn JM , Manzi SM , Kao AH 
Published: September 2011

Complement activation plays a key role in the pathogenesis of lupus nephritis (LN), a severe complication of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). We prospectively evaluated 15 LN subjects and two control groups: 13 non-SLE renal subjects (control A) and 239 SLE subjects without LN (control B). All had C4d levels on circulating erythrocytes (E-C4d), reticulocytes (R-C4d) and platelets (P-C4d) measured by flow cytometry, while C4d deposition in renal tissue was semiquantitatively assessed in LN subjects and control A using immunoperoxidase staining. Compared with control A, LN biopsies had higher glomerular-C4d scores ( p = 0.003), which were associated with more frequent granular glomerular immunofluorescence staining and electron dense deposits ( p < 0.001). Compared with control A and B groups, LN subjects had higher E-C4d ( p = 0.002 and p = 0.005) and R-C4d levels ( p = 0.002 and p = 0.008), respectively. LN subjects were more likely to have P-C4d compared with control A ( p = 0.016). In LN, only E-C4d correlated with National Institutes of Health (NIH) activity index ( r = 0.55, p = 0.04). In conclusion, LN biopsies showed frequent glomerular-C4d staining associated with immune complex deposits. LN subjects had higher E-C4d and R-C4d levels compared with both control groups. E-C4d levels also correlated with NIH activity index. These findings suggest a potential role of C4d on circulating cells as a biomarker for lupus nephritis.
The Challenge of Change at Teradata Global Consulting Center (GCC) Pakistan (A and B)
Authors: Khurshid Anwar , Imran Sadaf 
Published: September 2011

The cases ‘The Challenge of Change at Teradata Global Consulting Center (GCC) Pakistan (A and B)’ describe the issues and challenges faced by a professional services organization, Teradata Global Consulting Center (GCC) Pakistan, in implementing international standards for an information security management system, namely, ISO 27001. Being an outsource company based in Pakistan, its international clientele were concerned about the security of their proprietary data. The company expected that ISO 27001 certification would help their business development by retaining and acquiring international clients. An ISO team was formed to implement the certification throughout the office and a date in July 2007 was fixed for the final audit, giving the team nine months to complete the implementation. The ISO team faced a great deal of resistance from the Line Managers who were supposed to implement the policies in their respective teams. The Chairman of the ISMF himself was not happy with the direction in which the certification was heading, and he eventually resigned. With the impending external audit coming up, the ISO team leader was worried if they would attain certification. Case B narrates that Kashif Jadoon was made the new ISMF Chairman. Soon after getting on board, Kashif realized that the documentation was complete but when it came to implementation, there were several gaps. Kashif also observed that there was resistance from the Line Managers and their teams. Kashif decided to use a different approach, which he called the ‘reverse strategy’. He decided to try to get a consensus across the organization about the need to get the certification. The managers were made accountable for the teams and people would be reported for non-compliance regardless of their designations. The team members were also told about the business value of the certification. Different competitions were held to further motivate the employees. The implementation process started with a new vigour. A second internal audit was conducted by the ISO team to further get the company ready for the final external audit. The ISO team and the ISMF now waited for the external audit to be conducted.
MicroRNA profiles of t(14;18)–negative follicular lymphoma support a late germinal center B-cell phenotype
Authors: Leich Ellen , Zamo Alberto , Horn Heike , Haralambieva Eugenia , Puppe Bernhard , Gascoyne Randy D. , Chan Wing-Chung , Braziel Rita M. , Rimsza Lisa M. , Weisenburger Dennis D. , Delabie Jan , Jaffe Elaine S. , Fitzgibbon Jude , Staudt Louis M. , Mueller-Hermelink Hans-Konrad , Calaminici Mariarita , Campo Elias , Ott German , Hernández Luis , Rosenwald Andreas 
Published: September 2011

Abstract
A total of 90% of follicular lymphomas (FLs) harbor the translocation t(14;18) leading to deregulated BCL2 expression. Conversely, 10% of FLs lack the t(14;18), and the majority of these FLs do not express BCL2. The molecular features of t(14;18)–negative FLs remain largely unknown. We performed microRNA expression analysis in 32 FL grades 1 to 3A, including 17 t(14;18)–positive FLs, 9 t(14;18)–negative FLs without BCL2 expression, and 6 t(14;18)–negative FLs with BCL2 expression. MicroRNA profiles were correlated with corresponding mRNA expression patterns, and potential targets were investigated by quantitative PCR and immunohistochemistry in an independent validation series of 83 FLs. Statistical analysis identified 17 microRNAs that were differentially expressed between t(14;18)–positive FLs and t(14;18)–negative FLs. The down-regulation of miR-16, miR-26a, miR-101, miR-29c, and miR138 in the t(14;18)-negative FL subset was associated with profound mRNA expression changes of potential target genes involving cell cycle control, apoptosis, and B-cell differentiation. miR-16 target CHEK1 showed increased expression in t(14;18)-negative FLs, whereas TCL1A expression was reduced, in line with a partial loss of the germinal center B-cell phenotype in this FL subset. In conclusion, t(14;18)–negative FL have distinct microRNA profiles that are associated with an increased proliferative capacity and a “late” germinal center B-cell phenotype.
Developmental origins and impact of BCR-ABL1 fusion and IKZF1 deletions in monozygotic twins with Ph+ acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: Cazzaniga Giovanni , van Delft Frederik W. , Lo Nigro Luca , Ford Anthony M. , Score Joannah , Iacobucci Ilaria , Mirabile Elena , Taj Mary , Colman Susan M. , Biondi Andrea , Greaves Mel 
Published: September 2011

Abstract
The timing and developmental sequence of events for BCR-ABL1+ acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), usually associated with IKAROS (IKZF1) deletions, are unknown. We assessed the status of BCR-ABL1 and IKZF1 genes in 2 pairs of monozygotic twins, one pair concordant, the other discordant for Philadelphia chromosome positive (Ph+) ALL. The twin pair concordant for ALL shared identical BCR-ABL1 genomic sequence indicative of monoclonal, in utero origin. One twin had IKZF1 deletion and died after transplantation. The other twin had hyperdiploidy, no IKZF1 deletion, and is still in remission 8 years after transplantation. In the twin pair discordant for ALL, neonatal blood spots from both twins harbored the same clonotypic BCR-ABL1 sequence. Low level BCR-ABL1+ cells were present in the healthy co-twin but lacked the IKZF1 deletion present in the other twin's leukemic cells. The twin with ALL relapsed and died after transplantation. The co-twin remains healthy and leukemia free. These data show that in childhood Ph+ ALL, BCR-ABL1 gene fusion can be a prenatal and possibly initiating genetic event. In the absence of additional, secondary changes, the leukemic clone remains clinically silent. IKZF1 is a secondary and probable postnatal mutation in these cases, and as a recurrent but alternative copy number change is associated with poor prognosis.
Increased incidence of nonfatal cardiovascular events in stroke patients with sleep apnoea: effect of CPAP treatment
Authors: Martínez-García M-A. , Campos-Rodríguez F. , Soler-Cataluña J-J. , Catalán-Serra P. , Román-Sánchez P. , Montserrat J-M. 
Published: September 2011

Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is a risk factor for stroke, but little is known about the effect of OSA and continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) on the incidence of long-term, nonfatal cardiovascular events (CVE) in stroke patients.A prospective observational study was made in 223 patients consecutively admitted for stroke. A sleep study was performed on 166 of them. 31 had an apnoea/hypopnoea index (AHI) <10 events·h−1; 39 had an AHI between 10 and 19 events·h−1and 96 had an AHI ≥20 events·h−1. CPAP treatment was offered when AHI was ≥20 events·h−1. Patients were followed up for 7 yrs and incident CVE data were recorded.The mean±sdage of the subjects was 73.3±11 yrs; mean AHI was 26±16.7 events·h−1. Patients with moderate-to-severe OSA who could not tolerate CPAP (AHI ≥20 events·h−1; n=68) showed an increased adjusted incidence of nonfatal CVE, especially new ischaemic strokes (hazard ratio 2.87, 95% CI 1.11–7.71; p=0.03), compared with patients with moderate-to-severe OSA who tolerated CPAP (n=28), patients with mild disease (AHI 10–19 events·h−1; n=36) and patients without OSA (AHI <10 events·h−1; n=31).Our results suggest that the presence of moderate-to-severe OSA is associated with an increased long-term incidence of nonfatal CVE in stroke patients and that CPAP reduces the excess of incidence seen in these patients.
Pulmonary embolism: CT signs and cardiac biomarkers for predicting right ventricular dysfunction
Authors: Henzler T. , Roeger S. , Meyer M. , Schoepf U.J. , Nance J.W. , Haghi D. , Kaminski W.E. , Neumaier M. , Schoenberg S.O. , Fink C. 
Published: September 2011

The aim of this study was to prospectively evaluate the accuracy of quantitative cardiac computed tomography (CT) parameters and two cardiac biomarkers (N-terminal-pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-pro-BNP) and troponin I), alone and in combination, for predicting right ventricular dysfunction (RVD) in patients with acute pulmonary embolism.557 consecutive patients with suspected pulmonary embolism underwent pulmonary CT angiography. Patients with pulmonary embolism also underwent echocardiography and NT-pro-BNP/troponin I serum level measurements. Three different CT measurements were obtained (right ventricular (RV)/left ventricular (LV)axial, RV/LV4-CHand RV/LVvolume). CT measurements and NT-pro-BNP/troponin I serum levels were correlated with RVD at echocardiography.77 patients with RVD showed significantly higher RV/LV ratios and NT-pro-BNP/troponin I levels compared to those without RVD (RV/LVaxial1.68±0.84versus1.00±0.21; RV/LV4-CH1.52±0.45versus1.01±0.21; RV/LVvolume1.97±0.53versus1.07±0.52; serum NT-pro-BNP 6,372±2,319versus1,032±1,559 ng·L−1; troponin I 0.18±0.41versus0.06±0.18 g·L−1). The area under the curve for the detection of RVD of RV/LVaxial, RV/LV4-CH, RV/LVvolume, NT-pro-BNP and troponin I were 0.84, 0.87, 0.93, 0.83 and 0.70 respectively. The combination of biomarkers and RV/LVvolumeincreased the AUC to 0.95 (RV/LVvolumewith NT-pro-BNP) and 0.93 (RV/LVvolumewith troponin I).RV/LVvolumeis the most accurate CT parameter for identifying patients with RVD. A combination of RV/LVvolumewith NT-pro-BNP or troponin I measurements improves the diagnostic accuracy of either test alone.
Loss of polymeric immunoglobulin receptor expression is associated with lung tumourigenesis
Authors: Ocak Sebahat , Pedchenko Tetyana V. , Chen Heidi , Harris Frederick T. , Qian Jun , Polosukhin Vasiliy , Pilette Charles , Sibille Yves , Gonzalez Adriana L. , Massion Pierre P. 
Published: September 2011

Polymeric immunoglobulin receptor (pIgR) expression is downregulated in lung cancer, but its implications in lung tumourigenesis remain unknown. We hypothesised that loss of pIgR expression occurs early, and is associated with cell proliferation and poor prognosis.pIgR expression was evaluated by immunohistochemistry in airways of patients with normal mucosa, pre-invasive lesions and invasive lesions, and correlated with clinical outcomes. 16-HBE and A549 cells stably transfected with pIgR were tested for proliferation, apoptosis and cell cycle progression.Immunostaining was strong in normal epithelium, but severely reduced in pre-invasive lesions and most lung cancers. Persistent expression was associated with younger age and adenocarcinoma subtype but not survival. pIgR overexpression significantly reduced A549 and 16-HBE proliferation. Growth inhibition was not due to cell cycle arrest, increased apoptosis or endoplasmic reticulum stress, but we observed altered expression of genes encoding for membrane proteins, including NOTCH3. Interestingly, NOTCH3 expression was inversely correlated with pIgR expression in cell lines and tissues.pIgR expression was lost in most lung cancers and pre-invasive bronchial lesions, suggesting that pIgR downregulation is an early event in lung tumourigenesis. pIgR overexpression in A549 and 16-HBE cells inhibited proliferation. Future investigations are required to determine the mechanisms by which pIgR contributes to cell proliferation.
Sex in the PAC: A hidden affair in dark septate endophytes?
Authors: Zaffarano Pascal L , Queloz Valentin , Duò Angelo , Grünig Christoph R 
Published: September 2011

Abstract

Background
Fungi are asexually and sexually reproducing organisms that can combine the evolutionary advantages of the two reproductive modes. However, for many fungi the sexual cycle has never been observed in the field or in vitro and it remains unclear whether sexual reproduction is absent or cryptic. Nevertheless, there are indirect approaches to assess the occurrence of sex in a species, such as population studies, expression analysis of genes involved in mating processes and analysis of their selective constraints. The members of the Phialocephala fortinii s. l. - Acephala applanata species complex (PAC) are ascomycetes and the predominant dark septate endophytes that colonize woody plant roots. Despite their abundance in many ecosystems of the northern hemisphere, no sexual state has been identified to date and little is known about their reproductive biology, and how it shaped their evolutionary history and contributes to their ecological role in forest ecosystems. We therefore aimed at assessing the importance of sexual reproduction by indirect approaches that included molecular analyses of the mating type (MAT) genes involved in reproductive processes.

Results
The study included 19 PAC species and > 3, 000 strains that represented populations from different hosts, continents and ecosystems. Whereas A. applanata had a homothallic (self-fertile) MAT locus structure, all other species were structurally heterothallic (self-sterile). Compatible mating types were observed to co-occur more frequently than expected by chance. Moreover, in > 80% of the populations a 1:1 mating type ratio and gametic equilibrium were found. MAT genes were shown to evolve under strong purifying selection.

Conclusions
The signature of sex was found in worldwide populations of PAC species and functionality of MAT genes is likely preserved by purifying selection. We hypothesize that cryptic sex regularely occurs in the PAC and that further field studies and in vitro crosses will lead to the discovery of the sexual state. Although structurally heterothallic species prevail, it cannot be excluded that homothallism represents the ancestral breeding system in the PAC.
Deciphering c-MYC-regulated genes in two distinct tissues
Authors: Robson Samuel C , Ward Lesley , Brown Helen , Turner Heather , Hunter Ewan , Pelengaris Stella , Khan Michael 
Published: September 2011

AbstractBackgroundThe transcription factor MYC is a critical regulator of diverse cellular processes, including both replication and apoptosis. Differences in MYC-regulated gene expression responsible for such opposing outcomesin vivoremain obscure. To address this we have examined time-dependent changes in global gene expression in two transgenic mouse models in which MYC activation, in either skin suprabasal keratinocytes or pancreatic islet β-cells, promotes tissue expansion or involution, respectively.ResultsConsistent with observed phenotypes, expression of cell cycle genes is increased in both models (albeit enriched in β-cells), as are those involved in cell growth and metabolism, while expression of genes involved in cell differentiation is down-regulated. However, in β-cells, which unlike suprabasal keratinocytes undergo prominent apoptosis from 24 hours, there is up-regulation of genes associated with DNA-damage response and intrinsic apoptotic pathways, includingAtr,Arf,BaxandCycs. In striking contrast, this is not the case for suprabasal keratinocytes, where pro-apoptotic genes such asNoxaare down-regulated and key anti-apoptotic pathways (such as Igf1-Akt) and those promoting angiogenesis are up-regulated. Moreover, dramatic up-regulation of steroid hormone-regulated Kallikrein serine protease family members in suprabasal keratinocytes alone could further enhance local Igf1 actions, such as through proteolysis of Igf1 binding proteins.ConclusionsActivation of MYC causes cell growth, loss of differentiation and cell cycle entry in both β-cells and suprabasal keratinocytesin vivo. Apoptosis, which is confined to β-cells, may involve a combination of a DNA-damage response and downstream activation of pro-apoptotic signalling pathways, including Cdc2a and p19Arf/p53, and downstream targets. Conversely, avoidance of apoptosis in suprabasal keratinocytes may result primarily from the activation of key anti-apoptotic signalling pathways, particularly Igf1-Akt, and induction of an angiogenic response, though intrinsic resistance to induction of p19Arfby MYC in suprabasal keratinocytes may contribute.