bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Molecularly imprinted polymers for solid‐phase microextraction
Authors: Turiel Esther , Martín‐Esteban Antonio 
Published: August 2009

AbstractSolid‐phase microextraction (SPME) is widely used in analytical laboratories for the analysis of organic compounds, thanks to its simplicity and versatility. However, the current commercially available fibers are based on nonselective sorbents. Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) are stable polymers with selective molecular recognition abilities, provided by the template used during their synthesis. In the present review, the different strategies followed during the last years for the obtainment of MIP fibers to be used in SPME are described. The advantages and drawbacks of each methodology as well as the future expected trends are discussed.
Posttraumatic stress symptom trajectories in children living in families reported for family violence
Authors: Nugent Nicole R. , Saunders Benjamin E. , Williams Linda M. , Hanson Rochelle , Smith Daniel W. , Fitzgerald Monica M. 
Published: August 2009

AbstractThe present study examined latent class trajectories of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and associations between demographics, prior trauma, and reason for referral on class membership. Children ages 7–18 (n=201) were recruited for participation in the Navy Family Study following reports to the U.S. Navy's Family Advocacy Program (FAP). Initial interviews were conducted 2–6 weeks following FAP referral, with follow‐ups conducted at 9–12, 18–24, and 36–40 months. Growth mixture modeling revealed two latent class trajectories: a resilient class and a persistent symptom class. Relative to youth in the resilient class, participants in the persistent symptom class were more likely to be older and to report exposure to a greater number of trauma experiences at Time 1.
Electromyographic facial nerve monitoring during parotidectomy for benign lesions does not improve the outcome of postoperative facial nerve function: A prospective two‐center trial
Authors: Grosheva Maria , Klussmann Jens Peter , Grimminger Carolin , Wittekindt Claus , Beutner Dirk , Pantel Mira , Volk Gerd Fabian , Guntinas‐Lichius Orlando 
Published: August 2009

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:To analyze the benefit of electromyographic (EMG) neuromonitoring during primary surgery on benign parotid lesions for postoperative facial function compared to visual observation only.Study Design:Prospective controlled clinical two‐center trial.Methods:Using an operation microscope, 100 parotidectomies in 96 patients were performed: 50 procedures with a continuous EMG monitoring plus visual facial observation (EMG group), and 50 procedures with only visual facial control (control group). The rate of postoperative facial weakness was detected. Patients with postoperative facial paralysis were followed up until total recovery or defective healing by repeated EMG examinations.Results:Seventy‐nine superficial and 21 total parotidectomies were performed. Histological analysis found pleomorphic adenoma in 38 patients, cystadenolymphoma in 39, and chronic parotitis in 18. Immediate postoperative facial paralysis was evident in 41 patients. Six patients had permanent paralysis; in this group definitive defective healing was detected by EMG in five cases. EMG was not classifiable in one case. Intraoperative EMG monitoring had no significant effect on immediate postoperative or definitive facial outcome (P =.23 and P = .45, respectively). The duration of superficial, but not of a total parotidectomy, was diminished in the EMG group (P = .02 and P = .61, respectively). This result was independent of the specimen's histology.Conclusions:EMG monitoring in parotid surgery in addition to visual facial observation did not diminish either the incidence of postoperative facial paralysis or the final facial outcome. Nevertheless, the duration of surgery for superficial parotidectomy could be reduced by using EMG monitoring. Laryngoscope, 2009
Diagnostic evaluation of squamous cell carcinoma metastatic to cervical lymph nodes from an unknown head and neck primary site
Authors: Cianchetti Marco , Mancuso Anthony A. , Amdur Robert J. , Werning John W. , Kirwan Jessica , Morris Christopher G. , Mendenhall William M. 
Published: August 2009

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:To discuss our experience with the diagnostic evaluation in patients with squamous cell carcinomas (SCCAs) of the head and neck metastatic to the cervical lymph nodes from an unknown primary site.Methods:Between June 1983 and December 2008, 236 patients were evaluated with lymph node biopsy, computed tomography (CT), and/or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the head and neck, and panendoscopy with directed biopsies. Additional studies included fluorodeoxyglucose–single photon emission computed tomography (FDG‐SPECT) in 26 patients and FDG‐positron emission tomography (FDG‐PET) or FDG‐PET/CT in 21 patients. Seventy‐nine patients underwent an ipsilateral (72) or bilateral (seven) tonsillectomy.Results:An occult primary site was detected in 126 patients (53.4%); six patients had two synchronous primary cancers. The most common primary sites were in the tonsillar fossa (59 patients; 44.7%) and the base of tongue (58 patients; 43.9%). The primary site was found in 21 (29.2%) of the 72 patients with no suspicious findings on physical exam and/or radiographic evaluation compared with 105 (64.0%) of 164 remaining patients. Tonsillectomy revealed the primary cancer in 35 (44.3%) of 79 patients. FDG‐SPECT and FDG‐PET or FDG‐PET/CT was the sole method of primary site detection in only one patient (2.1%) of 47 patients.Conclusions:Diagnostic evaluation should include a thorough physical examination, CT and/or MRI of the head and neck, and panendoscopy with directed biopsies. Unilateral or bilateral tonsillectomy should be performed on patients with adequate lymphoid tonsillar tissue. FDG‐PET or FDG‐PET/CT should be considered for those with indeterminate findings on physical examination and/or head and neck CT and/or MRI if those sites are located outside of the oropharynx. Laryngoscope, 2009
First experience with a new titanium clip stapes prosthesis and a comparison with the earlier model used in stapes surgery
Authors: Hornung Joachim A. , Brase Christoph , Bozzato Alessandro , Zenk Johannes , Iro Heinrich 
Published: August 2009

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:The aim of the study was to gain the first clinical experience with a new titanium clip prosthesis in stapes surgery, and to compare this model with its predecessor. We placed particular emphasis on the practicability of fixing the prosthesis to the long process of the incus and on the postoperative improvement in hearing.Study Design:Retrospective chart review.Methods:The study included 23 patients who had a CliP® Piston àWengen fitted and 21 patients with a Soft CliP® Piston (both from Kurz Medizintechnik, Dusslingen, Germany). Air and bone conduction were tested preoperatively and 5 to 6 weeks after surgery in all patients, as well as after about 1 year in a subgroup.Results:We found a mean air‐bone gap of 8.5 ± 5.2 dB in the frequencies 0.5, 1, 2, and 3 kHz for the patients with a CliP® Piston àWengen at follow‐up audiometry after an average of 31 days, and of 6.4 ± 3.7 dB for 11 patients after 412 days. The corresponding figures for patients with Soft CliP® Pistons were 8.9 ± 4.1 dB after 44 days, and 6.3 ± 5.6 dB for 10 patients after 419 days. There were no statistically significant differences. All the prostheses were implanted without difficulty.Conclusions:The two stapes prostheses studied gave good early audiometric results that showed no difference. After a short learning period, both could be pushed onto the long process of the incus with similar ease, although subjectively the new design of the Soft CliP® seemed to adapt better to the different diameters of the process and took up less space in the middle ear. Laryngoscope, 2009
Electrochemical methods study on corrosion of 5% Al–Zn alloy‐coated steel under thin electrolyte layers
Authors: Xing S. , Li Y. , Wu J. , Yan Y. 
Published: August 2009

AbstractThe corrosion behavior of a 5% Al–Zn alloy (GF) coated steel was investigated under cyclic wet–dry condition using electrochemical techniques. The wet–dry cycle was conducted by exposure to alternate condition of 1 h immersion in seawater and 7 h drying at ambient temperature. The polarization resistance, Rp of the coating was monitored during the wet–dry cycles by two points AC impedance method and the corrosion potential, Ecorr was measured only when the coating was immersed in seawater. Simultaneously, the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) of the coating was obtained after it was immersed in different cycles of wet–dry condition. The results obtained by two points AC impedance method had good agreement with those achieved from EIS technique, which proved that the two points AC impedance method was correct and an effective method for atmospheric corrosion study. The monitoring results indicated that the corrosion rate of GF coating firstly increased, then decreased slowly with time, and at last reached a relative steady state with local corrosion under the cyclic wet–dry alternate condition.
Monitoring of corrosion processes in chloride contaminated mortar by electrochemical measurements and X‐ray tomography
Authors: Beck M. , Goebbels J. , Burkert A. , Isecke B. , Bäßler R. 
Published: August 2009

AbstractCorrosion of steel reinforcement in concrete exposed to chloride containing environments is a serious problem in civil engineering practice. Electrochemical methods, e.g., potential mapping, provide information whether the steel reinforcement is still passive or depassivation has been initiated. By applying such techniques no information on the type of corrosion, its extent and distribution of corrosion products is available. Particular the corrosion progress is a significant problem. Especially in the case of macrocell corrosion in reinforced concrete structures, the development at the anode cannot be separated into corrosion damage resulting from macrocell corrosion or self‐corrosion. Until now also in laboratory tests it is impossible to collect such information without destroying specimens after electrochemical testing was performed. To overcome this problem it was tried to study the steel surface within the mortar specimens by X‐ray tomography (CT). Within the scope of these investigations it could be shown, that X‐ray tomography is suitable to make corrosion pits and their development visible which are embedded in a mortar with a cover thickness of about 35 mm. In this publication the time‐dependent corrosion damage of reinforced steel is documented by X‐ray tomography.
An algorithm to identify incident myocardial infarction using Medicaid data
Authors: Choma Neesha N. , Griffin Marie R. , Huang Robert L. , Mitchel Edward F. , Kaltenbach Lisa A. , Gideon Patricia , Stratton Shannon M. , Roumie Christianne L. 
Published: August 2009

AbstractPurposeStudies of non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and cardiovascular events using administrative data require identification of incident acute myocardial infarctions (AMIs) and information on whether confounders differ by NSAID status.MethodsWe identified patients with a first AMI hospitalization from Tennessee Medicaid files as those with primary ICD‐9 discharge diagnosis 410.x and hospitalization stay of > 2 calendar days. Eligible persons were non‐institutionalized, aged 50–84 years between 1999–2004, had continuous enrollment and no AMI, stroke, or non‐cardiovascular serious medical illness in the prior year. Of 5524 patients with a potential first AMI, a systematic sample (n = 350) was selected for review. Using defined criteria, we classified events using chest pain history, EKG, and cardiac enzymes, and calculated the positive predictive value (PPV) for definite or probable AMI.Results337 of 350 (96.3%) charts were abstracted and 307 (91.1%), 6 (1.8%), and 24 (7.1%) events were categorized as definite, probable, and no AMI, respectively. PPV for any definite or probable AMI was 92.8% (95% CI 89.6–95.2); for an AMI without an event in the past year 91.7% (95% CI 88.3–94.2), and for an incident AMI was 72.7% (95% CI 67.7–77.2). Age‐adjusted prevalence of current smoking (46.4% vs. 39.1%, p = 0.35) and aspirin use (36.9% vs. 35.9%, p = 0.90) was similar among NSAID users and non‐usersConclusionsICD‐9 code 410.x had high predictive value for identifying AMI. Among those with AMI, smoking and aspirin use was similar in NSAID exposure groups, suggesting these factors will not confound the relationship between NSAIDs and cardiovascular outcomes. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Preparation and Multi‐Characterization of Plasma Polymerized Allylamine Films
Authors: Abbas Abdennour , Vivien Céline , Bocquet Bertrand , Guillochon Didier , Supiot Philippe 
Published: August 2009

AbstractPlasma polymerized allylamine (ppAA) films were deposited in a radio‐frequency glow discharge plasma reactor using a continuous‐wave mode and varying the discharge power from 15 to 125 W. The deposition rate reached 26 nm · min−1 and was constant within at least half an hour of process. The chemical structure and elemental composition of the deposited films were investigated by Fourier transform infrared and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopies, whereas surface properties were analyzed by atomic force microscopy and surface free energy measurement. A special focus is given to the stability of ppAA in aqueous media and primary amine quantification. The use of fluorescent microscopy and UV‐Visible spectroscopy enabled us to detect and quantify the primary amine, respectively. All the studied parameters varied widely with enhanced power with a transition point around 50 W. Over this value, the results remain relatively unchanged.magnified image
Application of proteomic analysis to renal disease in the clinic
Authors: Julian Bruce A. , Suzuki Hitoshi , Spasovski Goce , Suzuki Yusuke , Tomino Yasuhiko , Novak Jan 
Published: August 2009

AbstractChronic kidney disease accounts for a significant portion of many national health‐care budgets. In this viewpoint, we highlight recent advances in urinary proteomic analyses that potentially may soon enhance the care of afflicted patients. To achieve this goal, cooperation of interdisciplinary teams from around the world will be vital, so as to standardize methodology for preparation urine samples and technical aspects of the analyses, and for better application of results. These collaborative activities will facilitate translational research in kidney diseases.
Proteomics and the lung: Analysis of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid
Authors: Govender Praveen , Dunn Michael J. , Donnelly Seamas C. 
Published: August 2009

AbstractOur knowledge of the complex bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) proteome has increased significantly over the last decade; but still, there remain many aspects of the BALF proteome that need characterization. Current proteomic methodologies resolve proteins within limited dynamic ranges: thereby, being limited in their ability to examine important areas of the BALF proteome, such as low molecular weight, low abundance proteins. To ensure proper coverage of these proteins in the BALF proteome, a refined 2‐DE standard operation protocol is presented, highlighting important issues in sample collection, sample preparation, and 2‐D DIGE analysis. It is hoped that this will help advance the field of BALF proteomics, BALFomics, which has lagged behind similar biofluids such as plasma and serum.
Regime‐switching models and multiple causal factors in forecasting wind speed
Authors: Reikard Gordon 
Published: August 2009

AbstractThis study evaluates two types of models for wind speed forecasting. The first is models with multiple causal factors, such as offsite readings of wind speed and meteorological variables. These can be estimated using either regressions or neural networks. The second is state transition and the closely related class of regime‐switching transition models. These are attractive in that they can be used to predict outlying fluctuations or large ramp events. The regime‐switching model uses a persistence forecast during periods of high wind speed, and regressions for low and intermediate speeds. These techniques are tested on three databases. Two main criteria are used to evaluate the outcomes, the number of high and low states than can be predicted correctly and the mean absolute percent error of the forecast. Neural nets are found to predict the state transitions somewhat better than logistic regressions, although the regressions do not do badly. Three methods all achieve about the same degree of forecast accuracy: multivariate regressions, state transition and regime‐switching models. If the states could be predicted perfectly, the regime‐switching model would improve forecast accuracy by an additional 2.5 to 3 percentage points. Analysis of the density functions of wind speed and the forecasting models finds that the regime‐switching method more closely approximates the distribution of the actual data. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Radical Scavenging Activity of Lipophilized Products from Transesterification of Flaxseed Oil with Cinnamic Acid or Ferulic Acid
Authors: Choo Wee‐Sim , Birch Edward John , Stewart Ian 
Published: August 2009

AbstractLipase‐catalyzed transesterification of flaxseed oil with cinnamic acid (CA) or ferulic acid (FA) using an immobilized lipase from Candida antarctica (E.C. 3.1.1.3) was conducted to evaluate whether the lipophilized products provided enhanced antioxidant activity in the oil. Lipase‐catalyzed transesterification of flaxseed oil with CA or FA produced a variety of lipophilized products (identified using ESI‐MS‐MS) such as monocinnamoyl/feruloyl‐diacylglycerol, dicinnamoyl‐monoacylglycerol and monocinnamoyl‐monoacylglycerol. The free radical scavenging activity of the lipophilized products of lipase‐catalyzed transesterification of flaxseed oil with CA or FA toward 2,2‐diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH·) were both examined in ethanol and ethyl acetate. The polarity of the solvents proved important in determining the radical scavenging activity of the substrates. Unesterified FA showed the highest free radical scavenging activity among all substrates tested while CA had negligible activity. The esterification of CA or FA with flaxseed oil resulted in significant increase and decrease in the radical scavenging activity compared with the native phenolic acid, respectively. Based on the ratio of a substrate to DPPH· concentration, lipophilized FA was a much more efficient free radical scavenger compared to lipophilized CA and was able to provide enhanced antioxidant activity in the flaxseed oil. Lipophilized cinnamic acid did not provide enhanced radical scavenging activity in the flaxseed oil as the presence of natural hydrophilic antioxidants in the oil had much greater radical scavenging activity.
Open up or close down: How do parental reactions affect youth information management?☆
Authors: Tilton‐Weaver Lauree , Kerr Margaret , Pakalniskeine Vilmante , Tokic Ana , Salihovic Selma , Stattin Håkan 
Published: August 2009

ABSTRACTThe purpose of this study was to test a process model of youths' information management. Using three waves of longitudinal data collected from 982 youths, we modeled parents' positive and negative reactions to disclosure predicting youths' feelings about their parents, in turn predicting youths' disclosure and secrecy about their daily activities. Gender, age, and psychopathic personality traits were examined as potential moderators. The results showed that parents' negative reactions were associated with increases in youths' feeling controlled and decreases in youths' feeling connected to their parents, which in turn, predicted increased secrecy and decreased disclosure. In contrast, parents' positive reactions predicted increased feeling connected to parents, which in turn predicted increased disclosure. Moreover, these predictive pathways were modified by youths' psychopathic personality traits. Our results are consistent with a transactional model suggesting that how parents react to youths' disclosure affects youths' future decisions to provide their parents with information about their daily activities. The results point to the importance of considering youths' feelings and characteristics.
Aggressive characteristics of cervical cancer in young women in Taiwan
Authors: Lau Hei‐Yu , Juang Chi‐Mou , Chen Yi‐Jen , Twu Nae‐Fang , Yen Ming‐Shyen , Chao Kuan‐Chong 
Published: August 2009

AbstractObjectiveTo compare the characteristics and prognosis of cervical cancer in young women (under 30 years) with those of older women (over 30 years).MethodsA retrospective study of 2443 patients diagnosed with FIGO stage IA–IIA cervical cancer who underwent surgical procedures between January 1983 and December 2007.ResultsThirty patients (1.2%) were 30 years or younger. The proportion of non‐squamous cell carcinoma was higher in patients 30 years or younger compared with in patients over 30 years (14/30, 46.7% vs 10/30, 33.3%; P = 0.001). A higher rate of parametrial involvement was found in the younger group of patients compared with those over 30 years (10/30, 33.3% vs 289/2413, 12.0%; P = 0.001). Patients under 30 years had a higher rate of distant metastases compared with older patients (60% vs 49.7%; P = 0.036).ConclusionsNon‐squamous histology, parametrial involvement, a higher rate of distant metastases, and poorer prognosis are more common in women aged 30 or younger with cervical cancer than in older women with the disease.
Morphological and molecular characterization of Strongyloides ophidiae (Nematoda, Strongyloididae)
Authors: dos Santos K.R. , Carlos B.C. , Paduan K.S. , Kadri S.M. , Barrella T.H. , Amarante M.R.V. , Ribolla P.E.M. , da Silva R.J. 
Published: August 2009

AbstractThe aim of the present study is to report morphological data from parasitic female, rhabditoid and filarioid larvae, free-living female worms and eggs of Strongyloides ophidiae (Nematoda, Strongyloididae). In addition, a molecular DNA analysis was carried out using a pool of eight S. ophidiae parasitic females. Samples were obtained from the small intestine of Oxyrhopus guibei (Serpentes, Colubridae) collected in the municipality of Lençóis Paulista, State of São Paulo, Brazil. DNA amplification by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) resulted in a 350 bp band for samples containing S. ophidiae and Strongyloides venezuelensis DNA. Strongyloides ophidiae nucleotide sequence analysis showed 98% similarity with Strongyloides procyonis and 97% with Strongyloides cebus, Strongyloides stercoralis, Strongyloides fuelleborni and Strongyloides sp. from snakes.
Critical Issues in the Bemba Confirmation Decision
Authors: AMBOS KAI 
Published: August 2009

AbstractThe International Criminal Court (ICC) has issued its third confirmation decision against Jean-Pierre Bemba Gombo,1 the former president of the rebel Mouvement de Libération du Congo (MLC) and commander in chief of its military wing, the Armée de Libération du Congo (ALC).2 The decision is, in principle, to be welcomed, since it constitutes a further consolidation of the ICC case law and breaks new ground in some important areas, for example the law of crimes against humanity (Art. 7 of the ICC Statute3)4 and command responsibility (Art. 28).5 From an outsider's perspective it also seems that the Chamber, on the basis of the available (disclosed) evidence, took the right decision when it changed the Prosecutor's liability from (co-)perpetration (Art. 25(3)(a)) to command responsibility. Yet there are some fine legal-technical points where the Chamber did not dig deep enough, incurred conceptual errors, or drew some illogical conclusions. These issues shall be discussed briefly here, not in a destructive spirit but to contribute constructively to the improvement of the future case law.