bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect on ovarian reserve of laparoscopic bipolar electrocoagulation versus laparotomic hemostatic sutures during unilateral ovarian cystectomy
Authors: Mohamed Mohamed L. , Nouh Amal A. , El‐Behery Manal M. , Mansour Shymaa A.E.‐A. 
Published: April 2011

AbstractObjectiveTo compare the effects of laparoscopic bipolar electrocoagulation with laparotomic hemostatic suturing during unilateral ovarian cystectomy on the ovarian reserve.MethodsA prospective randomized trial was conducted on 59 women with unilateral benign ovarian cysts who underwent laparoscopic ovarian cystectomy by a stripping technique (n = 30) or open laparotomy with hemostatic suturing (n = 29). Serum anti‐Müllerian hormone (AMH), antral follicle count (AFC), and ovarian stromal peak systolic velocity (PSV) at the 1st, 3rd, and 6th postoperative cycle were used to assess the ovarian reserve.ResultsPreoperative AMH levels did not differ significantly (P = 0.18) between the laparoscopy and laparotomy groups. In the laparoscopy group, there was a significant decrease in AMH levels, AFC, and PSV at the 3rd and 6th postoperative cycles compared with the 1st postoperative cycle, with an insignificant decrease between the 3rd and 6th cycles. In the laparotomy group, nonsignificant decreases in AMH levels, AFC, and PSV were detected at the 1st, 3rd, and 6th postoperative cycle and between the 3rd and 6th cycles.ConclusionLaparoscopic ovarian cystectomy is associated with a significant reduction in ovarian reserve. This is a consequence of damage to the ovarian vascularity and the removal of an increased amount of ovarian tissue.
The dynamics of consumer behavior: A goal systemic perspective
Authors: Kopetz Catalina E. , Kruglanski Arie W. , Arens Zachary G. , Etkin Jordan , Johnson Heather M. 
Published: April 2011

AbstractLike most behavior, consumer behavior too is goal driven. In turn, goals constitute cognitive constructs that can be chronically active as well as primed by features of the environment. Goal systems theory outlines the principles that characterize the dynamics of goal pursuit and explores their implications for consumer behavior. In this vein, we discuss from a common, goal systemic, perspective a variety of well known phenomena in the realm of consumer behavior including brand loyalty, variety seeking, impulsive buying, preferences, choices and regret. The goal systemic perspective affords guidelines for subsequent research on the dynamic aspects of consummatory behavior as well as offering insights into practical matters in the area of marketing.
Status and relationships in social dilemmas of teams
Authors: Wu Yaozhong , Loch Christoph , Ahmad Ghufran 
Published: April 2011

AbstractA social dilemma occurs when it is optimal for each member of a team to act in his own interest but, if all participants do so, everyone is worse‐off than if they had done otherwise. Social dilemmas are often observed in operational processes involving teamwork, such as developing new products or implementing total quality programs. The extent to which an employee cooperates with others is driven not only by material incentives but also by social preferences: individuals have an interest in the welfare of others as well as their own. Two known social preferences are status and relationship maintenance. Multiple studies have shown that status seeking leads team members to compete more whereas relationship building leads them to cooperate more. The question remains of whether these two preferences can coexist and complement one another (as when status seeking triggers effort and relationship building encourages cooperation) or whether they are at odds. In this experimental study we demonstrate that these two social preferences hinder one another: status reduces the collaboration benefit from relationships, and increases only individual, but not collaborative, effort. These results suggest that managerial interventions that promote status seeking and relationship building behavior cannot easily be used simultaneously when motivating teams to perform in situations involving social dilemmas.
Ogilvie's syndrome‐related right colon perforation after cesarean section: A case series
Authors: Shakir Ali Jabbir , Sajid Muhammad Shafique , Kianifard Babak , Baig Mirza Khurrum 
Published: April 2011

AbstractThe objective of this article is to discuss and report three cases of right colon perforation secondary to postcesarean Ogilvie's syndrome (OS; colonic pseudo‐obstruction) requiring right hemicolectomy. We retrospectively reviewed the case notes of three patients who underwent caesarean section and postoperatively developed OS. OS is an uncommon problem in patients undergoing caesarean section. Abdominal X‐ray and water‐soluble contrast enema are the main diagnostic modalities. Drip‐suck therapy along with endoscopic or pharmacological decompression should be performed in early stages. In a significant percentage of patients, diagnosis is delayed resulting in bowel ischemia and perforation requiring surgical resection and adding significant mortality/morbidity. We recommend our obstetric colleagues to involve surgical team in earlier stages to avoid surgery‐related mortality and morbidity. We also advocate general surgeons to be aware of OS in patients after caesarean section and recommend a stepwise systematic approach toward the diagnosis and management of OS.
Using social capital to organise for success? A case study of public–private interface in the UK Highways Agency
Authors: Johnson Noel , Elliott Dominic 
Published: April 2011

Abstract
Drawing from a social capital perspective, this paper explores sources of organisational resilience within a public–private partnership. Responding to persistent poor performance the UK Highways Agency, responsible for maintaining and developing the national road infrastructure introduced a collaborative approach to supplier management and engagement. Drawing from a case study of the Construction Management Framework (CMF), it is argued that the development of structural, cognitive and relational elements of social capital provides a fertile context for the emergence of organisational resilience. The CMF achieved significant performance improvement, adapting itself to the changing needs of the Highways Agency, and found ways to capture and use innovation, and provides an example of effective Business Continuity Management (BCM) practice in identifying and responding to threats and in building organisational resilience, safeguarding the interests of key stakeholders and value-creating activities.
The Campanian Ignimbrite (Y5) tephra at Crvena Stijena Rockshelter, Montenegro
Authors: Morley Mike W. , Woodward Jamie C. 
Published: April 2011

AbstractClearly defined distal tephras are rare in rockshelter sediment records. Crvena Stijena, a Palaeolithic site in Montenegro, contains one of the longest (> 20 m) rockshelter sediment records in Europe with deposits ranging in age from Middle Pleistocene to mid-Holocene. A distinctive tephra is clearly exposed within the well stratified record approximately 6.5 m below the present land surface. We present geochemical data to confirm that this tephra is a distal equivalent of the Campanian Ignimbrite deposits and a product of the largest Late Pleistocene eruption in Europe. Originating in the Campanian volcanic province of southwest Italy, this tephra has been independently dated to 39.3 ka. It is a highly significant chronostratigraphic marker for southern Europe. Macrostratigraphic and microstratigraphic observations, allied with detailed particle size data, show that the tephra layer is in a primary depositional context and was transported into the rockshelter by aeolian processes. This site is unique because the tephra forms an abrupt boundary between the Middle and Upper Palaeolithic records. Before they can be used as chronostratigraphic markers in rockshelter and cave-mouth environments, it is essential to establish the stratigraphic integrity of distal tephras and the mechanisms and pathways involved in their transport and deposition.
Marketing Planning and Control Theory and Its Applications in a Competitive Industry
Authors: Ratnatunga Janek 
Published: April 2011

This paper explores the practical acceptance of the various tools, techniques, planning and control aids and performance evaluation criteria which have been recommended by the “conventional wisdom” of the marketing literature. The tools, techniques, etc. chosen for this study were those that have been part of the academic marketing literature for well over 15 – 20 years. It was hypothesised that given this long period of time for the theory to perculate into practice, evidence of significant usage of such tools, techniques, etc. should be found in industry, especially in a highly competitive industry. In such an industry, it was expected that firms would be applying the conventional wisdom of marketing theory to focus on both strategy and tactics in order to gain a competitive advantage. The findings of the study are that marketers are taking a tactical focus based on the short-term, rather than a longer-term strategic focus; and that even in a highly competitive industry, marketing executives place more importance on the planning aids, performance evaluation techniques and control measures developed in managerial accounting, than those developed in the mainstream of marketing theory.
Effects of different levels of dietary sulfur and molybdenum on concentrations of copper and other elements in plasma and liver of lambs fed palm kernel cake diets
Authors: Alimon A. R. , Ivan M. , Jalaludin S. 
Published: April 2011

A 6-month experiment with nine dietary treatments was conducted to determine amounts of S plus Mo supplements required to maintain normal hepatic concentrations of Cu and Mo and to prevent chronic Cu toxicity in lambs fed palm kernel cake (PKC) diets. All diets consisted of PKC supplemented with minerals and vitamins, and with appropriate amounts per kg DM of S (level 0 or level 1 = 1 g) as sodium sulfate and/or Mo (level 0; level 1 = 4 mg; level 2 = 8 mg; level 3 = 16 mg; level 4 = 32 mg) as ammonium molybdate to form treatments S0Mo1, S0Mo2, S0Mo3, S0Mo4, S1Mo0, S1Mo1, S1Mo2, S1Mo3 and S1Mo4.There was no effect (P>0·05) of dietary treatments on the growth performance of the lambs. The dietary supplement of 1 g S plus 8 mg Mo per kg dietary DM (treatment S1Mo2) prevented accumulation of Cu in the liver without elevation of the concentration of Mo (P>0·05). The treatments S0Mo1, S0Mo2 and S0Mo3 increased (P < 0·05) hepatic Cu concentrations from 376 μg/g DM to between 1090 and 1294 μg/g DM. Also, the treatments S1Mo3 and S1Mo4 resulted in higher (P < 0·05) hepatic Mo concentrations compared with the treatment S1Mo0. It was concluded that the dietary supplement of 1 g S plus 8 mg Mo/kg PKC DM added to the PKC used is sufficient to maintain normal hepatic concentrations of Cu and Mo and to prevent chronic Cu toxicity in sheep fed diets containing any amount of PKC.
Genetic diversity, geographical range and origin ofBemisia tabaci(Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) Indian Ocean Ms
Authors: Delatte H. , Holota H. , Warren B.H. , Becker N. , Thierry M. , Reynaud B. 
Published: April 2011

AbstractThe whiteflyBemisia tabaciis a pest vector of begomoviruses on crops worldwide.Bemisia tabaciis composed of a complex of cryptic species which barely interbreed. An exception is the Ms from the South West Indian Ocean (SWIO), which crosses in low proportions with the exotic B. The Ms, together with B and Q is part of the same phylogenetic clad. To infer the genetic structure, the geographical range and putative origin of this putative species, microsatellite data and mitochondrial DNA (cytochrome oxydase I) sequences were analysed on an extensive sample set, including all the islands of the region and samples from mainland Africa. Only B and Ms populations were detected across these islands. The exotic B was found only on the islands of Réunion and Mauritius, whereas the Ms is found on all the SWIO islands. Very high isolation by distance was found for the Ms populations between islands of the SWIO, suggesting a long period of presence in this region. Ms populations from mainland Africa had a higher COI diversity than the Ms of the SWIO islands. This diversity is correlated with size and geological ages of the SWIO islands. The population genetic data obtained are in accordance with an origin of Ms in Africa, followed by its expansion and evolution across the SWIO islands prior to human arrival, confirming the status of Ms as indigenous in the SWIO islands.
Phylogeographic structure of Teretrius nigrescens (Coleoptera: Histeridae) predator of the invasive post harvest pest Prostephanus truncatus (Coleoptera: Bostrichidae)
Authors: Omondi B.A. , van den Berg J. , Masiga D. , Schulthess F. 
Published: April 2011

AbstractThe invasive larger grain borer Prostephanus truncatus (Horn) is the most important pest of farm-stored maize in Africa. It was introduced into the continent from Mesoamerica in the late 1970s and by 2008 had spread to at least 18 countries. Classical biological control using two populations of the predator Teretrius nigrescens Lewis achieved long-term and cost effective control in warm-humid areas, but not in cool and hot-dry zones. The present study investigated the phylogenetic relationships between geographical populations of the predator. Ten populations of T. nigrescens were studied using randomly amplified polymorphic DNA polymerase chain reaction (RAPD-PCR), sequence analysis of mitochondrial Cytochrme oxydase 1 (mtCOI) gene and ribosomal internally transcribed spacers (ITS) 1, 5.8S and ITS2. The mtCOI variation revealed two clades associated with geographical regions in Central America. It also reveals a significant isolation by distance between populations and considerable genetic shifts in laboratory rearing. RAPD-PCR did not reveal any potential SCAR diagnostic markers. The ITS variation mainly involved insertions and deletions of simple sequence repeats even within individuals. This study reveals the existence of two different mitochondrial lineages of the predator, associated with the geographical origin of populations distinguishable by fixed mutations on the mtCOI gene. The populations of T. nigrescens released in Africa belonged to two different clades from Meso America, namely south (released in West Africa) and north (released in eastern Africa). However, more polymorphic markers are required to clarify the observations in demographic time scales.
Explorations of Ovid, Amores 3.2, 3.4, 3.5, and 3.14
Authors: LUI SOO-LIN 
Published: April 2011

These four poems are compulsory set texts in the Latin AS level syllabus prescribed by the UK examining board OCR from 2012 to 2014. There is at present no appropriate commentary on Book 3 of the Amores. Fortunately the Bristol Classical Press quickly responded to the situation by commissioning an edition of the four specified poems (using E. J. Kenney's Oxford Classical Text) from Jennifer Ingleheart and Katharine Radice, and this will be published later in 2011; but it was felt that Greece & Rome could help to plug the gap by reviving in some form the ‘Critical Appreciations’ that it published between 1973 and 1980; in these, a schoolteacher's close analysis of a selected text was juxtaposed with one by a university teacher.In the circumstances, it seemed best to cover all four poems, and so the decision was taken to assign one to each author. However, the tradition of thirty-odd years ago is preserved in the fact that two of the present contributors teach in schools and the other two at a university. Two of them, incidentally, were trained at Cambridge and two at Oxford. The commentary on 3.5 contains more reference to scholarly debate than the others: for all its literary complexities this poem has struck many as a misfit and its authorship is a matter of debate (Kenney brackets it in the OCT). Thus, it seems better to face the difficulties than to ignore them. Throughout we hope to suggest lines of interpretation, and to stimulate debate – and disagreement.
Meta-analysis of the neural representation of first language and second language
Authors: SEBASTIAN RAJANI , LAIRD ANGELA R. , KIRAN SWATHI 
Published: April 2011

ABSTRACTThis study reports an activation likelihood estimation meta-analysis of published functional neuroimaging studies of bilingualism. Four parallel meta-analyses were conducted by taking into account the proficiency of participants reported in the studies. The results of the meta-analyses suggest differences in the probabilities of activation patterns between high proficiency and moderate/low proficiency bilinguals. The Talairach coordinates of activation in first language processing were very similar to that of second language processing in the high proficient bilinguals. However, in the low proficient group, the activation clusters were generally smaller and distributed over wider areas in both the hemispheres than the clusters identified in the ALE maps from the high proficient group. These findings draw attention to the importance of language proficiency in bilingual neural representation.
Notodiscus (Charopidae) on South Georgia: some implications of shell size, shell shape, and site isolation in a singular sub-Antarctic land snail
Authors: Pugh P.J.A. , Lewis Smith R.I. 
Published: April 2011

AbstractMultivariate analysis shows that shells of Notodiscus sp. (Charopidae: Pulmonata) reported from South Georgia are smaller and proportionately taller than, but otherwise similar to, populations of Notodiscus hookeri (Reeve) from Iles Crozet and Iles Kerguelen. The origin of this solitary, and spatially limited, South Georgia population is enigmatic. It is confined to a remarkably small coastal lowland site which was glaciated at Last Glacial Maximum, precluding a Tertiary relict origin, and on the leeward north-east coast, ruling out post-glacial ocean rafting. The site is close to the King Edward Point settlement, yet the absence of any logistics connections with the Iles Crozet or Iles Kerguelen mitigates against anthropogenic introduction. The close proximity of the population to nests of blue-eyed shag (Phalacrocorax atriceps), Dominican gull (Larus dominicanus) and light-mantled sooty albatross (Phoebetria palpebrata) could imply the snail was originally introduced to South Georgia via these ocean transiting seabirds.
Macrofaunal communities on the continental shelf off Victoria Land, Ross Sea, Antarctica
Authors: Rehm Peter , Hooke Rachel A. , Thatje Sven 
Published: April 2011

AbstractIn austral summer 2004 benthic macrofauna was sampled along a latitudinal gradient along the northern Victoria Land coast (Ross Sea). An Agassiz trawl was used for semi-quantitative data collection of macrozoobenthos at depths from 84 to 537 m. Multivariate analysis of abundance of higher taxonomic units discriminated between the four sample sites along the latitudinal gradient. A SIMPROF analysis emphasized these geographical clusters, as the samples showed no significant differences within each cluster. A change in community structure with depth was not observed. The dominant taxonomic groups along the Victoria Land coast were Echinodermata (39%), Arthropoda (24%), Polychaeta (14%), and Mollusca (12%), not accounting for colonial organisms. Thus, the overall structure of the benthic community off the Victoria Land coast is comparable to other Antarctic regions and shows a closer relationship to the eastern Weddell Sea shelf, which may be attributable to the extensive impact of grounded ice affecting both areas.
Analysis of Roughness and Surface Hardness of a Dental Composite Using Atomic Force Microscopy and Microhardness Testing
Authors: da Silva Marcos Aurélio Bomfim , Fardin Aline Barbirato , de Vasconcellos Renata Carvalho Cabral , Santos Lucineide de Melo , Tonholo Josealdo , Júnior José Ginaldo da Silva , dos Reis José Ivo Limeira 
Published: April 2011

AbstractThe objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of a cola soft drink (CSD) and coffee on the microhardness and surface roughness of composite resin. Fifty cavities were prepared on the vestibular surface of bovine incisors and restored with nanoparticulate resin. The teeth were divided into five groups (n= 10): group A (control), immersion in artificial saliva (AS) for 14 days; group B, immersion in coffee for 15 min (3×/day) for 7 days followed by immersion in AS for another 7 days; group C, immersion in CSD for 15 min (3×/day) for 7 days followed by immersion in AS for another 7 days; group D, immersion in AS for 7 days, immersion in coffee for 15 min (3×/day) for 7 days; group E, immersion in AS for 7 days, immersion in CSD for 15 min (3×/day) for 7 days. After the immersion periods the specimens were analyzed for their microhardness and surface roughness. The data were subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed byt-test with 5% significance. Group A presented the highest average microhardness and lowest surface roughness, so it was possible to conclude that the consumption of CSD and coffee alters the microhardness and surface roughness of new restorations.
ON STICKS AND STONES AND BROKEN BONES
Authors: Kwate Naa Oyo A. , Meyer Ilan H. 
Published: April 2011

AbstractDeeply embedded in everyday discourse, social interactions, and institutional practices, racism negatively affects the health and well-being of Black people in the United States. Theory and empirical research on the impact of racism on health have focused on stressful events and individual perceptions of racism, although racism is not expressed only as racist acts. Racism subordinates people and diminishes their importance; stereotyping is one of the most insidious forms of such subordination. The stereotypes that underlie social discourse about race influence how others perceive Black people and, to some extent, how Black people perceive themselves. Thus stereotypes help maintain and promote racism. Despite the importance of stereotypes in understanding racism and its effects on Black people, little attention has been paid to the impact of stereotypes on health. This paper explores the adverse effects of stereotypes on African American health, focusing on the psychological and structural pathways through which stereotyping operates. Psychological pathways are salient for these reasons: stereotyping constitutes a form of racism that may be experienced vicariously; stereotypes induce vigilance and rumination as people caricatured by them anticipate their use and spend time trying to disconfirm them; stereotypes may be internalized. Structural pathways occur because stereotypes that portray Black people as deviant, undeserving, and ultimately less human negatively affect opportunity structures and physical environments.
RECONCEPTUALIZING THE MEASUREMENT OF MULTIRACIAL STATUS FOR HEALTH RESEARCH IN THE UNITED STATES
Authors: Woo Meghan , Austin S. Bryn , Williams David R. , Bennett Gary G. 
Published: April 2011

AbstractThe assessment of multiracial status in U.S. health research is fraught with challenges that limit our ability to enumerate and study this population. This paper reconceptualizes the assessment of multiracial status through the development of a model with three dimensions: mixed ancestry multiracial status, self-identified multiracial status, and socially assigned multiracial status. We present challenges to studying multiracial populations and provide recommendations for improving the assessment of multiracial status in health research.