bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Re-Emergence of Percutaneous Fasciotomy in the Management of Dupuytren’s Disease
Authors: Donaldson James , Goddard Nicholas 
Published: February 2012

Dupuytren’s disease is a common condition. Its management has gradually evolved but still remains a source of much controversy. Recently there has been a resurgence in the popularity of percutaneous needle fasciotomy. It is a simple method that uses a hypodermic needle as a scalpel blade. It is usually performed in the out-patient setting under local anaesthesia without a tourniquet. It has few complications and allows almost immediate return to work with few restrictions.
It can provide complete deformity correction and may offer a long-term solution in selected patients. It is also useful in converting advanced contractures into milder deformities, allowing a second stage digito-palmar fasciectomy to be more successful. Recurrence is earlier than with more formal and invasive techniques but the procedure can be repeated and does not preclude the patient from further surgery.
This article reviews the technique and assesses the efficacy and outcomes of published data.
The Future of Rheumatoid Arthritis and Hand Surgery - Combining Evolutionary Pharmacology and Surgical Technique
Authors: M Malahias , H Gardner , S Hindocha , A Juma , Khan W 
Published: February 2012

Rheumatoid arthritis is a systemic autoimmune disease of uncertain aetiology, which is characterized primarily by synovial inflammation with secondary skeletal destructions.Rheumatoid Arthritis is diagnosed by the presence of four of the seven diagnostic criteria, defined by The American College of Rheumatology.Approximately half a million adults in the United Kingdom suffer from rheumatoid arthritis with an age prevalence between the second and fourth decades of life; annually approximately 20,000 new cases are diagnosed.The management of Rheumatoid Arthritis is complex; in the initial phase of the disease it primarily depends on pharmacological management. With disease progression, surgical input to correct deformity comes to play an increasingly important role. The treatment of this condition is also intimately coupled with input from both the occupational therapists and physiotherapy.
On manifolds with nonhomogeneous factors
Authors: Cárdenas Manuel , Lasheras Francisco , Quintero Antonio , Repovš Dušan 
Published: February 2012

Abstract
We present simple examples of finite-dimensional connected homogeneous spaces (they are actually topological manifolds) with nonhomogeneous and nonrigid factors. In particular, we give an elementary solution of an old problem in general topology concerning homogeneous spaces.
Banaschewski’s theorem for GMV-algebras
Authors: Jakubík Ján 
Published: February 2012

Abstract
Banaschewski’s theorem concerns subdirect product decompositions of lattice ordered groups. In the present paper we deal with the analogous investigation for the case of generalized MV -algebras (GMV -algebras, in short); we apply this notion in the sense studied by Galatos and Tsinakis.
Generalized fuzzy n-ary subhypergroups of a commutative n-ary hypergroup
Authors: Yin Yunqiang , Zhan Jianming , Huang Xiaokun 
Published: February 2012

Abstract
In this paper, by means of a new idea, the concept of (invertible) (∈,∈∨q)-fuzzy n-ary subhypergroups of a commutative n-ary hypergroup is introduced and some related properties are investigated. A kind of n-ary quotient hypergroup by an (∈, ∈∨q)-fuzzy n-ary subhypergroup is provided and the relationships among (∈, ∈∨q)-fuzzy n-ary subhypergroups, n-ary quotient hypergroups and homomorphism are investigated. Several isomorphism theories of n-ary hypergroups are established.
A-summation process and Korovkin-type approximation theorem for double sequences of positive linear operators
Authors: Karakuş Sevda , Demi̇rci̇ Kami̇l 
Published: February 2012

Abstract
The aim of this paper is to present a Korovkin-type approximation theorem on the space of all continuous real valued functions on any compact subset of the real two-dimensional space by using a A-summation process. We also study the rates of convergence of positive linear operators with the help of the modulus of continuity.
Multiplication operators on Lorentz-Karamata-Bochner spaces
Authors: Eryilmaz Ilker 
Published: February 2012

Abstract
In this small note, we will characterize the boundedness, compactness and closedness of the range of the multiplication operators on Lorentz-Karamata-Bochner spaces L
p,q;b(Ω,X) for p, q ∈ (0,∞].
Unconformable stratigraphy in East Antarctica: Part II. Englacial cosets and recrystallized layers
Authors: Arcone Steven A. , Jacobel Robert , Hamilton Gordon 
Published: February 2012

AbstractComplex unconformable englacial stratigraphy, including a segment of distinctive cosets of bed sequences, occurs throughout the thickness of a 3.2 MHz ice-sheet radar profile we acquired across the upper Byrd Glacier (East Antarctica) catchment. Some cosets span >10 km, are >100 m thick and are delineated by distinct horizons. At 40-90 m depth in firn, comparisons between 200 MHz and specially processed 3.2 MHz profiles reveal that the delineating horizons result from density-modified layers produced by decades to millennia of subaerial exposure, as detailed in our related paper (Part I). These comparisons, together with reflected waveforms at depth, also reveal that the modified layers retain their chemical stratification, and therefore the original unconformable surface. Two profile segments show high-amplitude transverse folds spanning much of the ice-sheet thickness. The parallel nature of most of them suggests basal sliding beneath long-term up-ice-flow accumulation zones, which we identify in satellite images as the likely sources for the cosets. The unconformable stratigraphy at depths greater than 2000 m shows that antidunal deposition and intense firn recrystallization zones have persisted for tens of thousands of years in this region of East Antarctica.
Towards a method for high vertical resolution measurements of the partial pressure of CO2 within bulk sea ice
Authors: Geilfus N.-X. , Delille B. , Verbeke V. , Tison J.-L. 
Published: February 2012

AbstractFluxes of atmospheric CO2 have been reported over sea ice during winter and spring. These fluxes are partly driven by the gradient of the CO2 concentration between sea ice and the atmosphere. We present a new non-destructive method to measure the pCO2 of bulk sea ice at its in situ temperature. This method is based on an equilibration procedure between sea ice and a standard gas of known CO2 concentration. The concentration is measured by gas chromatography with a precision of 5%. Tests were performed on artificial standard sea ice and confirmed the reproducibility of the technique in the range of precision of the gas chromatograph. To test the accuracy of this method, the first profiles of pCO2 measured in bulk sea ice are reported and compared with direct in situ measurements of brine pCO2 over depth-integrated intervals.
From balance to imbalance: a shift in the dynamic behaviour of Chhota Shigri glacier, western Himalaya, India
Authors: Azam Mohd Farooq , Wagnon Patrick , Ramanathan Alagappan , Vincent Christian , Sharma Parmanand , Arnaud Yves , Linda Anurag , Pottakkal Jose George , Chevallier Pierre , Singh Virendra Bahadur , Berthier Etienne 
Published: February 2012

AbstractMass-balance and dynamic behaviour of Chhota Shigri glacier, western Himalaya, India, has been investigated between 2002 and 2010 and compared to data collected in 1987-89. During the period 2002-10, the glacier experienced a negative glacier-wide mass balance of -0.67 ± 0.40 m w.e. a-1. Between 2003 and 2010, elevation and ice-flow velocities slowly decreased in the ablation area, leading to a 24-37% reduction in ice fluxes, an expected response of the glacier dynamics to its recent negative mass balances. The reduced ice fluxes are still far larger than the balance fluxes calculated from the 2002-10 average surface mass balances. Therefore, further slowdown, thinning and terminus retreat of Chhota Shigri glacier are expected over the next few years. Conversely, the 2003/04 ice fluxes are in good agreement with ice fluxes calculated assuming that the glacier-wide mass balance is zero. Given the limited velocity change between 1987−89 and 2003/04 and the small terminus change between 1988 and 2010, we suggest that the glacier has experienced a period of near-zero or slightly positive mass balance in the 1990s, before shifting to a strong imbalance in the 21st century. This result challenges the generally accepted idea that glaciers in the Western Himalaya have been shrinking rapidly for the last few decades.
The tertiary creep of polycrystalline ice: experimental evidence for stress-dependent levels of strain-rate enhancement
Authors: Treverrow Adam , Budd William F. , Jacka Tim H. , Warner Roland C. 
Published: February 2012

AbstractLaboratory creep deformation experiments have been conducted on initially isotropic laboratory-made samples of polycrystalline ice. Steady-state tertiary creep rates, , were determined at strains exceeding 10% in either uniaxial-compression or simple-shear experiments. Isotropic minimum strain rates, , determined at ˜1 % strain, provide a reference for comparing the relative magnitude of tertiary creep rates in shear and compression through the use of strain-rate enhancement factors, E, defined as the ratio of corresponding tertiary and isotropic minimum creep rates, i.e. . The magnitude of strain-rate enhancement in simple shear was found to exceed that in uniaxial compression by a constant factor of 2.3. Results of experiments conducted at octahedral shear stresses of to = 0.040.80 MPa indicate a creep power-law stress exponent of n = 3 for isotropic minimum creep rates and n = 3.5 for tertiary creep rates. The difference in stress exponents for minimum and tertiary creep regimes can be interpreted as a t0 stress-dependent level of strain-rate enhancement, i.e. .The implications of these results for deformation in complex multicomponent stress configurations and at stresses below those used in the current experiments are discussed.
Developing English Reading Skills of the Students of Business Administration at Private Universities in Bangladesh: Prospects and Problems
Authors: Mirza Md Golam Hoshain 
Published: February 2012

This paper examines the efforts of the English language teachers who are working to develop English reading skills among the students studying in the Business Administration departments at ten of the English-medium private universities in Bangladesh. Adopting both the quantitative and the qualitative approaches, it analyses the data collected through student interview-schedule. The study identifies that, in spite of having good classroom facilities and necessary supplementary materials, the reading classes are not as effective as they could be. It is mainly because unsuitable materials are inappropriately used in a class of students with significantly different levels of proficiency. The paper finally suggests some measures that can be taken to make the reading class more effective. Among others, it recommends that the English teacher should involve first the university administration in forming the language class with students of similar proficiency level and then the BBA teachers in developing appropriate materials for it.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbt.v5i2.9989 Journal of Technology (Dhaka) Vol. 5(2), July-December, 2010 180-190
Risk Management Practices: A Critical Diagnosis of Some Selected Commercial Banks in Bangladesh
Authors: Alam Md Zahangir , Musukujjaman Md 
Published: February 2012

The paper is about risk management practices of commercial banks in Bangladesh based on five commercial banks operating in Bangladesh. The number of respondents was 25, five from each bank. While collecting the requisite data, five points Likert Scale has been used. The objective of the study was to critically examine risk management practices of Bangladeshi banks i.e., types of risk facing a bank, procedure and techniques used to minimize the risk etc. The study also examines how far the banks follow the guidelines of Bangladesh Bank regarding risk management. The study reveals that credit risk, market risk and operational risk are the major risks to the bankers which are managed through three layers of management system. The Board of Directors performs the responsibility of the main risk oversight, the Executive Committee monitors risk and the Audit Committee oversees all the activities of banking operations. In the context of opinions regarding use of risk management techniques, it is found that internal rating system and risk adjusted rate of return on capital are relatively more important techniques used by banks. Key Words: Risk; Risk Management; Risk Management Techniques; Banking.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbt.v6i1.9992 Journal of Technology (Dhaka) Vol. 6(1), January-June, 2011 15-35
Effects of Working Capital Management and Liquidity: Evidence from the Cement Industry of Bangladesh
Authors: Quayyum Sayeda Tahmina 
Published: February 2012

This paper is an attempt to investigate the effects of working capital management efficiency as well as maintaining liquidity on the profitability of corporations. For this purpose, corporations enlisted with the cement industry of Dhaka Stock Exchange have been selected and the analysis covers a time period from year 2005 to 2009. The purpose of this paper is to establish a relationship which is statistically significant, the other purpose is to help explain the necessity of firms optimizing their level of working capital management and maintaining enough liquidity as it affects the profitability. The result of this study clearly shows significant level of relationship between the profitability indices and various liquidity indices as well as working capital components.KEY WORDS: Working capital management; Liquidity; Cement Industry; Cash Conversion Cycle; Inventory Turnover; Receivables Turnover; Payable Turnover.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbt.v6i1.9993 Journal of Technology (Dhaka) Vol. 6(1), January-June, 2011 37-47
Customers Attitude towards Wireless Internet Services in Bangladesh: An Empirical Study Comparing WIMAX Based and EDGE/EVDO Based Internet Service
Authors: Islam SM Monirul , Ahamed Bulbul 
Published: February 2012

This study is an attempt to measure the attitude of customers towards the wireless Internet services in Bangladesh based on the Mertin Fishbein’s multi attribute attitude model. Some salient attributes (i.e., speed, bandwidth fluctuation rate) of WIMAX based and EDGE/EVDO based Internet services that affect the attitude of the customers have been selected which customers emphasizes to take purchase-decision as well as usage continuation decision. Two types of wireless Internet service providers (WIMAX and EDGE/EVDO) and ten salient attributes have been considered for this study. It has been found from the study that customers form more positive attitude towards WIMAX based Internet service than EDGE/EVDO based service. Observed differences in mean attitude of different attributes for the two categories of wireless Internet services are measured through Z-test to test the significance of those differences. Findings of this study may be used as an index by the Internet service providers for improvement of their services to satisfy the customers.Key words: Wireless Internet; Customer Attitude; WIMAX; EDGE; EVDODOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbt.v6i1.9994 Journal of Technology (Dhaka) Vol. 6(1), January-June, 2011 49-60
Business Analysis of Pharmaceutical Firms in Bangladesh: Problems and Prospects
Authors: Habib Md Anamul , Alam Md Zahedul 
Published: February 2012

The aim of the study is to present the current scenario of the pharmaceutical industry in Bangladesh. Since inception, there was little consensus on the development of pharmaceutical policies best suited in a developing country such as Bangladesh. Here, the pharmaceutical industry developed rapidly from the 1980s after the introduction of Drug (Control) Ordinance-1982. Adequate infrastructure and use of trained manpower were two essential requisites for implementation of national pharmaceutical policies in Bangladesh. The country was importing significant amount of medicine and also raw materials for the industry from abroad. But the industry has started to export its products in foreign market, especially in the Middle East and Europe with great success. This study tries to identify the major problems of marketing, exporting, production and operations, quality control in the pharmaceutical sector and proposes strategies to overcome these problems, it also identifies the prospects of pharmaceutical industry in Bangladesh.Keywords: Drug; Problem; Education; Health; Policy; Pharmaceutical; Deficit; Facilities; Executives.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbt.v6i1.9995 Journal of Technology (Dhaka) Vol. 6(1), January-June, 2011 61-77
La baie d'Utique et son évolution depuis l'Antiquité : une réévaluation géoarchéologique
Authors: Chelbi Fethi , Paskoff Roland , Trousset Pol 
Published: February 2012

The Medjerda deltaic plain corresponds to a former marine gulf which has been progressively filled up during the Holocene up to the historic period as a result of numerous shifts of the river course. The area is relatively well known from archaeological viewpoint since ancient writings, relating events which took place here in Antiquity, are available. Many scientists - historians, archaeologists, geologists, geomorphologists, hydrologists - have been for a long time interested in unravelling différents stages in the development of the deltaic plain.
As soon as 1884, Ch. Tissot suggested that the deltaic plain developed from south to north in historical times. Such proposal is still considered as valid. The crucial point is to determine when the Medjerda river shifted northward, opening a new channel between the former Utica peninsula and the Galaat el Andless promontory (Castra Corneliana). As a result, the harbour of Utica filled up and the city declined.
During a recent archaeological and geomorphological survey covering the entire deltaic plain, ceramics were collected from fifty sites and dated. They point to an early filling up of the former gulf, especially of the area south-east of Utica. Therefore investigations aimed to find out remnants of the ancient harbour facilities have to be carried out on the northern side of the peninsula. Pre-roman settements existed on the clay dunes scattered in the surroundings of Pont-de-Bizerte. Such an early human occupation suggess that the central part of the deltaic plain dad been already filled up prior to the foundation of Utica when the so-called Chaouat channel, whose traces are still visible north of Jebel Maiana, was operating.
Le règlement de Lamasba : des tables de conversion appliquées à l'irrigation
Authors: Meuret Christophe 
Published: February 2012

The so-called « Lamasba Table » is an irrigation regulation written under the reign of Elagabalus. This document formalizes the water-supply scales, whose use emphasizes the poor efficiency of Roman numeration system. Comparing such scales with Ptolemy's computing system provides evidence for a duodecimal conversion system.
Furthermore, the Lamasba scales reveal a subtil irrigation system aimed for an accurate measuring of water-supply times and volumes. There is aho evidence for the use of the Punic cubit as basic unit for the calculation. Finally, this document should reveal the translation from a metrological system to another one, and show how the Roman metrological and computing system, as applied to cadastration, was adapted to fit with the old heal system of Africa vetus.
La société italienne et les croisades
Authors: Cardini Franco 
Published: February 2012

Jérusalem et les Lieux saints ont toujours fasciné les habitants de la péninsule Italique, et nombreux sont les sanctuaires et églises dédiées dès les premiers temps du christianisme à la Terre sainte. Avec la première croisade toutefois (1095/99) apparaît un phénomène nouveau : la participation des villes maritimes (Pise, Gênes, puis Venise quelques années plus tard) à l'activité de croisés — et ce à des fins essentiellement économiques, à savoir la maîtrise des routes de commerce en Méditerranée ; ces marins et marchands italiens parviennent à leur but et fondent aux xne et xine s. de véritables « comptoirs commerciaux » sur le littoral palestinien.
Enfin c'est la croisade qui a fourni au patriciat urbain d'origine marchande des motifs pour se faire annoblir — ce qu'atteste d'ailleurs la tradition historique locale.
Tradition et renouvellement du monachisme dans l'espace Plantagenêt au XIIe s.
Authors: Foreville Raymonde 
Published: February 2012

Particularisme et universalité du mouvement monastique cohabitent dans les domaines Plantagenêt au XIIe s. Le monachisme traditionnel, essentiellement bénédictin, s'étend en Angleterre aux chapitres cathédraux, réformés au XIe s. par Lanfranc. Le mouvement rénovateur comporte trois grands courants : Cîteaux, structuré en Ordre centralisé, devenu exemplaire ; le courant canonial (Prémontré, Arrouaise, Saint- Victor) qui pénètre alors l'Ouest de la France et l'Angleterre ; le courant érémitique (chartreux et grandmontains). Conçus pour satisfaire à l'idéal ascétique des hommes, les nouveaux instituts portaient peu d'intérêt à la vie religieuse des femmes. Ce fut la vocation de l'Ordre de Sempringham de répondre à leur appel, associant la Règle augustinienne à la Règle bénédictine dans l'unité économique, juridique et spirituelle de maisons doubles.
C'est seulement après la crise politique de 1170/74 que Henri II entra dans le jeu du renouvellement monastique : fondation des chartreuses du Liget et de Witham ; des maisons grandmontaines de Touraine ; réforme de Waltham (chanoines réguliers) et d'Amesbury (fontevristes). Il est difficile de discerner la part d'Aliénor, trop longtemps tenue à l'écart par le roi.
Sine felle columba. Sources et formation d'une formule épigraphique
Authors: Favreau Robert 
Published: February 2012

La Bible mentionne plusieurs fois la colombe : symbole de la paix avec la fin du déluge, oiseau du sacrifice, figure de l'Esprit Saint, image de la simplicité.
Les premiers auteurs chrétiens de Tertullien à Isidore de Séville ont commenté ces figures de la colombe, en particulier celle de la simplicité, oiseau sans fiel, sine felle columba selon l'expression qu'on trouve chez Arator au début du VIe s. et que l'abbé et l'abbaye de Saint-Riquier ont peut-être transmise en Gaule au IXe s. Sur les premières tombes chrétiennes la colombe symbolise l'âme simple et pure qui va trouver paix et béatitude au ciel.
Du IXe au XIIIe s. on peut relever 21 épitaphes qui utilisent le mot columba, toujours en fin de vers. La possibilité d'avoir une rime riche avec tumba, emploi qu'on trouve dès 930, a entraîné une fortune particulière de la formule au temps de la vogue du vers léonin riche, c'est-à-dire au XIe et surtout aux XIIe et XIIIe s. La fréquence du schéma ...tumba... columba (18 ex.) ou ...sine felle columba (10 ex.) suppose l'existence et la circulation de modèles épigraphiques.
L'évêque, le comte et le charpentier : à propos de deux monuments commémoratifs du XIIe s., à Notre-Dame du Puy
Authors: Kenaan-Kedar Nurith 
Published: February 2012

This study is dedicated to two monuments adjacent to the Cathedral of Notre-Dame du Puy, the Porche du For and four sculptures. These sculptures situated on the second floor of the autonomous bell-tower have never been published before.
It is my contention that the Porche du For was erected by Bishop Pierre IV (1159-1189) as a monument to his victory over the feudal seigneurs. Its architecture and sculptural program, therefore, use traditional images of cosmic rule and ecclesiastical triumph. The bell-tower sculptures commemorate, however, the popular movement of the Capucciati, founded in Le Puy by the carpenter Durandus and supported by Bishop Pierre IV in 1182/83. I would like to argue that these two monuments reflect the difference between two ways of artistic expression, when relating to ecclesiastical or popular events.