bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Maximal Estimates for the $${\bar{\partial }}$$-Neumann Problem on Non-pseudoconvex Domains
Authors: Harrington Phillip S. , Raich Andrew 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIt is well known that elliptic estimates fail for the $${\bar{\partial }}$$

∂

¯

-Neumann problem. Instead, the best that one can hope for is that derivatives in every direction but one can be estimated by the associated Dirichlet form, and when this happens, we say that the $${\bar{\partial }}$$

∂

¯

-Neumann problem satisfies maximal estimates. In the pseudoconvex case, a necessary and sufficient geometric condition for maximal estimates has been derived by Derridj (for (0, 1)-forms) and Ben Moussa (for (0, q)-forms when $$q\ge 1$$

q
≥
1

). In this paper, we explore necessary conditions and sufficient conditions for maximal estimates in the non-pseudoconvex case. We also discuss when the necessary conditions and sufficient conditions agree and provide examples. Our results subsume the earlier known results from the pseudoconvex case.
Laparoscopic assisted colectomy versus laparoscopic complete colectomy: a cost analysis
Authors: Zheng Zhaoyang , Du Qiang , Huang Libin , Yang Lie , Zhou Zongguang 
Published: May 2024

AbstractTo compare the short-term outcomes and explore the potential economic benefits of laparoscopic-assisted colectomy with extracorporeal anastomosis (LAC/EA) vs. laparoscopic complete colectomy with intracorporeal anastomosis (LCC/IA) for patients with non-metastatic resectable colon cancer. Data of patients who underwent laparoscopic hemicolectomy from January 2017 to March 2023 were collected and analyzed. Propensity score matching (PSM) analyses was carried out to minimize the selection bias. Before PSM, a total of 113 patients met the inclusion criteria (39 in the LCC/IA vs. 74 in the LAC/EA). Clinicopathologic characteristics were comparable except for the median number of removed lymph nodes (P = 0.023). LCC/IA was associated with longer operative time, less intraoperative blood loss, and shorter incision length. The rate of 30-day postoperative complications was similar, but the time to first flatus and soft diet was shorter in the LCC/IA. No deaths were reported in either group within 30 days after surgery. Costs of surgical instruments (25,945.8 ± 1,918.0 vs. 23,551.9 ± 2,665.5 RMB; P < 0.01) were higher for the LCC/IA but overall costs were similar (LCC/IA, 43,220.0 ± 4,954.0 vs. LAC/EA, 41,269.2 ± 6,685.9 RMB; P = 0.112). After PSM, 38 patients in the LCC/IA and 63 patients in the LAC/EA were compared. LCC/IA was superior in terms of intraoperative blood loss, incision length, and postoperative functional recovery. There was an extra charge of 2385.0 RMB regarding surgical instruments in the LCC/IA but the overall cost did not reach statistical significance. LCC/IA is a feasible, safe, and cost-effective surgical treatment for patients with non-metastatic resectable colon cancer.
Epidemiology of Streptococcus pyogenes upper respiratory tract infections in Poland (2003–2017)
Authors: Sitkiewicz Izabela , Borek Anna , Gryko Monika , Karpińska Aneta , Kozińska Aleksandra , Obszańska Katarzyna , Wilemska-Dziaduszycka Joanna , Walory Jarosław , Bańska Agata , Belkiewicz Katarzyna , Foryś Małgorzata , Gołębiewska Agnieszka , Hryniewicz Waleria , Kadłubowski Marcin , Kiedrowska Marlena , Klarowicz Anna , Matynia Bożena , Ronkiewicz Patrycja , Szczypa Katarzyna , Waśko Izabela , Wawszczak Monika , Wróbel-Pawelczyk Izabela , Zieniuk Bartłomiej 
Published: May 2024

AbstractStreptococcus pyogenes (group A Streptococcus, GAS) is a major human pathogen and causes every year over 600 millions upper respiratory tract onfections worldwide. Untreated or repeated infections may lead to post-infectional sequelae such as rheumatic heart disease, a major cause of GAS-mediated mortality. There is no comprehensive, longitudinal analysis of the M type distribution of upper respiratory tract strains isolated in Poland. Single reports describe rather their antibiotic resistance patterns or focus on the invasive isolates. Our goal was to analyse the clonal structure of the upper respiratory tract GAS isolated over multiple years in Poland. Our analysis revealed a clonal structure similar to the ones observed in high-income countries, with M1, M12, M89, M28, and M77 serotypes constituting over 80% of GAS strains. The M77 serotype is a major carrier of erythromycin resistance and is more often correlated with upper respiratory tract infections than other serotypes.
Abfraction Theory: Controversy Analysis, Scoping Review
Authors: Dioguardi Mario , Spirito Francesca , Iacovelli Giovanna , Sovereto Diego , Laneve Enrica , Caloro Giorgia Apollonia , Ballini Andrea , Martella Angelo , Lo Muzio Lorenzo 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Purpose of review
The aim of this review was to describe in detail the aetiological events involved in the abfraction phenomenon, examining the action of irregular occlusal forces, analysing the evidence supporting this aetiological hypothesis, and highlighting the controversies surrounding this theory.

Recent findings
Noncarious cervical lesions (NCCLs) are the result of two widely accepted pathological mechanisms: erosion and abrasion. These lesions generally affect adults after the age of 30, and approximately 10–40% of adults in this age bracket have this condition. Premolars are the primary teeth affected by NCCLs. Characteristic symptoms include progressive and ongoing loss of mineralized tissue, primarily on the buccal surfaces of collars. As the dentine is exposed, the tooth becomes increasingly sensitive. Over time, the lesion tends to deepen towards the dental pulp, and the dental crown or pulpitis may fracture. Both abrasion and erosion alone cannot fully explain all types of NCCLs. For some lesions, this difference appears to be related to an aetiopathological mechanism defined as abfraction, which combines the aetiological events of erosion and abrasion with the application of irregular occlusal loads along the occlusal surfaces of dental crowns. This study was conducted by following the PRISMA protocol guidelines for scoping reviews, and the protocol was registered on INPLASY prior to execution. The studies were identified through literature searches in the PubMed and Scopus databases using the following keywords: "abfraction" and "NCCL". The risk of bias was assessed using ROBINS-I.

Summary
The search led to the inclusion of only 6 studies out of a total of 1449 identified articles. The analysis of these studies, which correlated the progression of NCCLs to the forces applied to the teeth, did not provide sufficient evidence to confirm or refute the aetiological role of occlusal loads in the onset of abfractions. However, clues emerged that would require further confirmation through prospective longitudinal studies, which must consider the inclusion of other aetiological mechanisms, such as abrasion and erosion.
On the existence of cycles with restrictions in the color transitions in edge-colored complete graphs
Authors: Galeana-Sánchez Hortensia , Hernández-Lorenzana Felipe , Sánchez-López Rocío , Vilchis-Alfaro Carlos 
Published: May 2024

AbstractConsider the following edge-coloring of a graph G. Let H be a graph possibly with loops, an H-coloring of a graph G is defined as a function $$c : E(G) \rightarrow V(H).$$

c
:
E
(
G
)
→
V
(
H
)
.

We will say that G is an H-colored graph whenever we are taking a fixed H-coloring of G. A cycle $$(x_0,x_1,\ldots ,x_n,x_0),$$

(

x
0

,

x
1

,
…
,

x
n

,

x
0

)
,

in an H-colored graph, is an H-cycle if and only if $$(c(x_0x_1),c(x_1x_2),\ldots , c(x_nx_0),$$

(
c

(

x
0

x
1

)

,
c

(

x
1

x
2

)

,
…
,
c

(

x
n

x
0

)

,

$$c(x_0x_1))$$

c
(

x
0

x
1

)
)

is a walk in H. Notice that the graph H determines what color transitions are allowed in a cycle in order to be an H-cycle, in particular, when H is a complete graph without loops, every H-cycle is a properly colored cycle. In this paper, we give conditions on an H-colored complete graph G, with local restrictions, implying that every vertex of G is contained in an H-cycle of length at least 5. As a consequence, we obtain a previous result about properly colored cycles. Finally, we show an infinite family of H-colored complete graphs fulfilling the conditions of the main theorem, where the graph H is not a complete k-partite graph for any k in $${\mathbb {N}}.$$

N
.
Impact of Residential Segregation on Healthcare Utilization and Perceived Quality of Care Among Informal Caregivers in the United States
Authors: Kim Hyunmin , Mahmood Asos , Kedia Satish , Ogunsanmi Deborah O. , Sharma Sadikshya , Wyant David K. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis study aimed to investigate the impact of racial residential segregation on healthcare utilization and perceived quality of care among informal caregivers in the US. It further assessed potential variations in the estimated impact across caregivers’ race and socioeconomic status. We used data from the Health Information National Trends Survey Data Linkage Project (fielded in 2020) for a sample of 583 self-identified informal caregivers in the US. Fitting a series of regression models with the maximum likelihood estimation, we computed the beta coefficients (β) of interest and their associated Wald 95% confidence limits (CI). Caregivers who resided in areas with higher segregation, compared to those living in lower segregated areas, were less likely to visit a healthcare professional [β =  − 2.08; Wald 95%CI − 2.093, − 2.067] (moderate); [β =  − 2.53; Wald 95%CI − 2.549, − 2.523] (high)]. Further, caregivers residing in moderate [β =  − 0.766; Wald 95%CI − 0.770, − 0.761] and high [β =  − 0.936; Wald 95%CI − 0.941, − 0.932] segregation regions were less likely to perceive a better quality of care compared to those located in low segregation areas. Moreover, as segregation level increased, Black caregivers were less likely to see a health professional, less frequently used healthcare services, and had poorer perceived healthcare quality when compared to Whites. Our findings indicate that higher residential segregation is associated with lower healthcare utilization, such as visiting a healthcare professional, and poorer perceived healthcare quality among informal caregivers. Given the essential role of informal caregivers in the current healthcare system, it is vital to investigate and address challenges associated with access to and quality of essential healthcare services to improve caregivers’ health and well-being, specifically for caregivers of minority backgrounds.
Improved Iron-Tolerance in Recycled Aluminum Alloys via Direct Strip Casting Process
Authors: Jiang L. , Marceau R. K. W. , Dorin T. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractRecycled aluminum alloys are pivotal for sustainable manufacturing, offering strength, durability, and environmental advantages. However, the presence of iron (Fe) impurities poses a major challenge, undermining their properties and recyclability. Conventional manufacturing processes result in coarse Fe-rich intermetallic compounds that limit the tolerance of Fe content and negatively influence performance of advanced aluminum alloys. To address this, rapid solidification techniques like direct strip casting have been explored. In this work, a detailed study of the strip cast microstructure was conducted by scanning electron microscopy, electron backscattered diffraction and atom probe tomography. Our results reveal that alloys produced by direct strip casting exhibit significantly refined microstructures and are free from coarse Fe-rich intermetallics, thereby retaining the majority of Fe in solid solution. These findings indicate that strip casting significantly enhances Fe-tolerance in aluminum alloys, making it an attractive process for future aluminum recycling, with implications for sustainable high-performance applications.
Graphical Abstract
Geometry-induced process and part characteristics in support-free powder bed fusion of polypropylene at room temperature
Authors: Schlicht Samuel , Drummer Dietmar 
Published: May 2024

AbstractLaser-based powder bed fusion (LPBF) of semi-crystalline polymers enables the support-free layer-wise manufacturing of geometrically diverse, complex components. In contrast to the established quasi-isothermal powder bed fusion of polymers at elevated temperatures, non-isothermal, cold processing strategies allow to significantly extend the range of applicable material systems. Relying on the superposition of discretized, fractal exposure strategies and the implicit mesoscopic compensation of crystallization shrinkage, the support-free LPBF of polypropylene at room temperature is demonstrated. The present paper displays the temporally and spatially discrete exposure of superposed fractal, space-filling curves that enable the support-free LPBF of polypropylene through combining the mesoscopic compensation of crystallization shrinkage and the laser-induced minimization of thermal shrinkage through the implementation of pre-exposure scans. The non-isothermal processing regime was observed to exhibit an intrinsic robustness towards the influence of processing parameters on emerging peak temperatures while showing a significant extent of accumulated heat within manufactured parts. Complementary mechanical characterizations showed an orientation-dependent influence of the applied energy density on emerging mechanical properties, correlated with geometry-dependent temporal process characteristics that implicitly influence the available coalescence time and the timespan available for the thermal homogenization.
Sintering of 3D-printed aluminum specimens from the slurry-based binder jetting process
Authors: Angenoorth Jan , Erhard Patricia , Wächter Dennis , Volk Wolfram , Günther Daniel 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis work investigates a novel method of producing complex-shaped aluminum parts by slurry-based binder jetting and sintering. In this process, a green body is built up by layer-wise deposition of an aqueous aluminum suspension and selective powder bonding by ink-jet printing. The powder bulk generated from the suspension shows an increased density compared to powder-based binder jetting and, thus, a high initial density for the subsequent densification step. This allows for higher final densities and reduced shrinkage. Aluminum is of special interest as it is widely available and of low density but challenging to sinter due to an oxide skin surrounding every particle. The research in this paper investigates the effects of the sintering atmosphere and sintering additives on the microstructure of powder compacts produced by slurry-based binder jetting. The incorporation of magnesium as an additive during the sintering process of aluminum has been found to substantially improve densification during sintering in an argon atmosphere.
Performance in Command and Control: Results From a Scoping Review
Authors: Drews Patrick , Fiedrich Frank 
Published: May 2024

AbstractCommand and control are critical components of emergency management when disaster strikes. Command posts act as a support system within the command chain for leaders, and the performance of these teams is essential for the successful operation. This paper presents the findings of a scoping review on the performance of command posts, identifying six performance factors: scenario, resilience, situational awareness, decision making, team structures and teamwork, and operational execution. Furthermore, this paper presents objective indicators for performance measurement in three dimensions: process, effectiveness, and efficiency. Additionally, it provides insights and methodologies for evaluating command post exercises.
Tolerability of N-chlorotaurine in comparison with routinely used antiseptics: an in vitro study on chondrocytes
Authors: Pilz Magdalena , Staats Kevin , Assadian Ojan , Windhager Reinhard , Holinka Johannes 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
Currently, povidone-iodine (PVP-I) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) are frequently used antiseptics in joint infections, but the cytotoxic effects of these solutions are already reported. N-chlorotaurine (NCT) shows a broad-spectrum bactericidal activity and is well tolerated in various tissues, but its effect on human chondrocytes is unknown. The purpose of this study was to assess the cytotoxic effect of NCT, PVP-I, and H2O2 on human chondrocytes compared to a control group in an in vitro setting to get first indications if NCT might be a promising antiseptic in the treatment of septic joint infections for the future.

Material and methods
Chondrocytes extracted from human cartilage were incubated with various concentrations of NCT, PVP-I, and H2O2 for 5 and 30 min respectively. EZ4U cell viability kit was used according to the manufacturer’s recommendations determining cell viability. To assess cell viability based on their nuclear morphology, cells were stained with acridine-orange and identified under the fluorescence microscope.

Results
EZ4U kit showed after 5 and 30 min of incubation a significant decrease in cell viability at NCT 1%, NCT 0.1%, PVP-I, and H2O2, but not for NCT 0.001% and NCT 0.01%. Acridine-orange staining likewise presented a significant decrease in vital cells for all tested solutions except NCT 0.001% and NCT 0.01% after 5 and 30 min of incubation.

Conclusion
Our results demonstrate that NCT is well tolerated by chondrocytes in vitro at the tested lower NCT concentrations 0.01% and 0.001% in contrast to the higher NCT concentrations 1% and 0.1%, PVP-I (1.1%), and H2O2 (3%), for which a significant decrease in cell viability was detected. Considering that the in vivo tolerability is usually significantly higher, our findings could be an indication that cartilage tissue in vivo would tolerate the already clinically used 1% NCT solution. In combination with the broad-spectrum bactericidal activity, NCT may be a promising antiseptic for the treatment of septic joint infections.

Graphical abstract
Curved surface form-finding with self-shaping perforated plates
Authors: Bahremandi-Tolou Mahnaz , Wang Chenhao , Gattas Joseph M. , Luo Dan 
Published: May 2024

AbstractSelf-shaping systems offer a promising approach for making complex 3D geometries from the material-driven transformation of 2D sheets. However, current research development of such systems is focused on small-scale applications. This study proposes a self-shaping composite for generation of larger-scale curved surfaces suitable for spatial structures. The composite arises from the novel combination of a perforated plate passive layer and a heat-shrinkable active layer. Experimental investigations are undertaken to assess the influence of perforation parameters of the passive layer over the degree of curvature generated in the self-shaping composite system. A 3D scanner and parametric curvature evaluation tool were used to extract and analyse the fabricated surface curvatures. Three key deformation characteristics were identified: the generated surface is cylindrical with dominant curvature in the x-direction; curvature is approximately uniform across the surface width and length; and curvature is strongly influenced by perforation bridge and strap length parameters. Results of this study support the application of self-shaping curved surfaces for customizable discrete structure parts.
The epidemiology of errors in data capture, management, and analysis: A scoping review of retracted articles and retraction notices in clinical and translational research
Authors: Baldridge Abigail S. , Bellinger Grace C. , Fleming Oriana M. , Rasmussen Luke V. , Whitley Eric W. , Welty Leah J. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Introduction:
To better understand and prevent research errors, we conducted a first-of-its-kind scoping review of clinical and translational research articles that were retracted because of problems in data capture, management, and/or analysis.

Methods:
The scoping review followed a preregistered protocol and used retraction notices from the Retraction Watch Database in relevant subject areas, excluding gross misconduct. Abstracts of original articles published between January 1, 2011 and January 31, 2020 were reviewed to determine if articles were related to clinical and translational research. We reviewed retraction notices and associated full texts to obtain information on who retracted the article, types of errors, authors, data types, study design, software, and data availability.

Results:
After reviewing 1,266 abstracts, we reviewed 884 associated retraction notices and 786 full-text articles. Authors initiated the retraction over half the time (58%). Nearly half of retraction notices (42%) described problems generating or acquiring data, and 28% described problems with preparing or analyzing data. Among the full texts that we reviewed: 77% were human research; 29% were animal research; and 6% were systematic reviews or meta-analyses. Most articles collected data de novo (77%), but only 5% described the methods used for data capture and management, and only 11% described data availability. Over one-third of articles (38%) did not specify the statistical software used.

Conclusions:
Authors may improve scientific research by reporting methods for data capture and statistical software. Journals, editors, and reviewers should advocate for this documentation. Journals may help the scientific record self-correct by requiring detailed, transparent retraction notices.
Eugenics, Sex and Family Life Education, and Juvenile Delinquency in Los Angeles County, California
Authors: Haager Julia B. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis glimpse into sex education in the Los Angeles region illustrates the eugenic ideas about racially “fit” reproduction that emerged in family life curricula during the Second World War. Ideas about eugenic reproduction in public schools responded to broader cultural fears about increasing divorce rates, criminality, immigration, and birthright citizenship. Eugenics in sex and family life education, importantly, portrayed a woman’s choice of mate as a civic responsibility, a move that paved the way for future conflicts about teaching gender and sexuality in public school sex education. Amid a half-century-long conflict over abstinence-only versus comprehensive sex education in public schools, topics like genetics and heredity have come to be widely accepted by both sides—recognized as a presumably value-neutral staple of sex education in US public schools. Yet recent innovations in genetic and reproductive technologies, as well as the conflict over trans and queer youth in the United States, challenge the assumption that teaching genetics and heredity in public schools really is “value neutral.”