bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
CRMP4 suppresses apical dendrite bifurcation of CA1 pyramidal neurons in the mouse hippocampus
Authors: Niisato Emi , Nagai Jun , Yamashita Naoya , Abe Takaya , Kiyonari Hiroshi , Goshima Yoshio , Ohshima Toshio 
Published: January 2012

AbstractCollapsin response mediator proteins (CRMPs) are a family of cytosolic phosphoproteins that consist of 5 members (CRMP 1–5). CRMP2 and CRMP4 regulate neurite outgrowth by binding to tubulin heterodimers, resulting in the assembly of microtubules. CRMP2 also mediates the growth cone collapse response to the repulsive guidance molecule semaphorin‐3A (Sema3A). However, the role of CRMP4 in Sema3A signaling and its function in the developing mouse brain remain unclear. We generated CRMP4−/− mice in order to study the in vivo function of CRMP4 and identified a phenotype of proximal bifurcation of apical dendrites in the CA1 pyramidal neurons of CRMP4−/− mice. We also observed increased dendritic branching in cultured CRMP4−/− hippocampal neurons as well as in cultured cortical neurons treated with CRMP4 shRNA. Sema3A induces extension and branching of the dendrites of hippocampal neurons; however, these inductions were compromised in the CRMP4−/− hippocampal neurons. These results suggest that CRMP4 suppresses apical dendrite bifurcation of CA1 pyramidal neurons in the mouse hippocampus and that this is partly dependent on Sema3A signaling. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Develop Neurobiol, 2012
A New Type of Lanthanide Complex – Two Divalent Ytterbium Species Assembled from Cation–π Interactions
Authors: Pan Cheng‐Ling , Sheng Shao‐Ding , Hou Chang‐Min , Pan Yu‐Song , Wang Jing , Fan Yong 
Published: January 2012

AbstractA new divalent ytterbium complex, [{(LPh)YbII(Et2O)(thf)}2(μ‐KI)] {LPh = Ph2Si(NAr)2, Ar = 2,6‐iPr2C6H3} (3), was synthesized by the reaction of [(LPh)YbIIII(thf)2] (2) and an excess of potassium. The bimetallic ytterbium(II) species with bulky diamido ligands are bridged by a KI molecule with cation–π interactions. These two complexes have been fully characterized, particularly by X‐ray crystallography.
Generation of an Organotellurium(II) Cation
Authors: Sugamata Koh , Sasamori Takahiro , Tokitoh Norihiro 
Published: January 2012

AbstractWe expected that the chemical trapping products of low‐coordinated tellurenyl cation species can also be kinetically stabilized by the Tbt or Bbt group. Recently, we have reported the halogenation reactions of Bbt‐substituted ditelluride, BbtTeTeBbt, leading to the formation of the TeII–TeIV mixed‐valent tellurenyl fluoride, BbtTeTe(F)2Bbt, and tellurenyl halides, BbtTeX (X = Cl, Br, I). During the dehalogenation reactions of these tellurium halides, it is rational to postulate the formation of a tellurenyl cation species as an intermediate. In this paper, we report the successful trapping of tellurenyl cation species with butadienes or triphenylphosphane, and the regeneration of the tellurenyl cation species by thermal retro [1+4] cycloaddition of the diene adducts.
Microbial production of conjugated linoleic and linolenic acids in fermented foods: Technological bottlenecks
Authors: Gorissen Lara , Raes Katleen , De Smet Stefaan , De Vuyst Luc , Leroy Frédéric 
Published: January 2012

AbstractSeveral food‐grade bacteria are known to produce conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) and conjugated linolenic acid (CLNA) from linoleic acid (LA) and α‐linolenic acid (ALA), respectively. Therefore, bifidobacteria and a Lactobacillus sakei strain, able to produce CLA and CLNA in vitro, were applied as starter cultures for the fermentation of milk and meat, respectively. However, for both the fermented milk and meat no increase in CLA and CLNA content was obtained. Although LA and ALA were present in sufficient amounts in milk, their availability as free fatty acids was likely too low. During meat fermentation, the prevailing temperature and pH conditions most probably were the limiting factors for conversion of LA and ALA.Practical applications: The market interest in CLA and CLNA has increased because of their potential health‐promoting properties. It has been suggested that increased levels of CLA and CLNA isomers in fermented food products might be obtained through the use of appropriate starter cultures. From the present study, it became clear that this approach is not straightforward and more research is needed to investigate the possibility of using selected bacterial strains to increase the levels of CLA and CLNA in fermented foods.
Concave Annelated Terpyridines
Authors: Lüning Ulrich , Liebig Timo 
Published: January 2012

AbstractBimacrocyclic concave annelated terpyridines were generated from a U‐shaped nonmacrocyclic tetraalkene precursor by ring closing metathesis followed by hydrogenation. The U‐shaped precursor was synthesized by condensing two aryl‐tetrahydroquinolones with Eschenmoser's salt. The quinolones themselves were accessible by coupling a 2‐chloroquinolone with a bis‐alkenyloxy‐substituted boronic acid. The concave terpyridine was tested for reactivity and stereoselectivity in a copper(I)‐catalyzed cyclopropanation.
Voltammetric Immunoassay for the Detection of Protein Biomarkers
Authors: Dou Yue‐Hua , Haswell Stephen J. , Greenman John , Wadhawan Jay 
Published: January 2012

AbstractA strategy for a fast (ca. 20 min), specific, electrochemical immunoassay for the cardiac biomarker creatine kinase (CK) and the human cytokine interleukin 10 (IL10) has been developed in this paper. The polyaniline modified gold surface formed from electrochemical reduction of diazonium salt supplies a solid substrate to link the activated carboxylic acid groups from the antibodies, which were labelled with ferrocene. The direct electrochemistry of ferrocene allows the analysis of protein markers with good sensitivity. The creatine kinase sensor demonstrates limit of detection of 0.5 pg mL−1 in a physiological Krebs‐Henseleit solution. The anti‐IL10 antibody retained fluorescence activity after further coupling to ferrocene and covalent immobilization on to a gold electrode, showing a linear detection range for IL‐10 from 0.001 ng mL−1 to 50 ng mL−1 in PBS. We attribute the high sensitivity to the well‐controlled modified surface which results in end–on antibodies that can specifically capture the antigen with ease.
A marker‐and‐cell approach to free surface 2‐D multiphase flows
Authors: Santos F. L. P. , Ferreira V. G. , Tomé M. F. , Castelo A. , Mangiavacchi N. , McKee S. 
Published: January 2012

SUMMARYThis work describes a methodology to simulate free surface incompressible multiphase flows. This novel methodology allows the simulation of multiphase flows with an arbitrary number of phases, each of them having different densities and viscosities. Surface and interfacial tension effects are also included. The numerical technique is based on the GENSMAC front‐tracking method. The velocity field is computed using a finite‐difference discretization of a modification of the Navier–Stokes equations. These equations together with the continuity equation are solved for the two‐dimensional multiphase flows, with different densities and viscosities in the different phases. The governing equations are solved on a regular Eulerian grid, and a Lagrangian mesh is employed to track free surfaces and interfaces. The method is validated by comparing numerical with analytic results for a number of simple problems; it was also employed to simulate complex problems for which no analytic solutions are available. The method presented in this paper has been shown to be robust and computationally efficient. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Estimating suspended sediment concentrations in areas with limited hydrological data using a mixed‐effects model
Authors: Araujo H. Andres , Cooper Andrew B. , Hassan Marwan A. , Venditti Jeremy 
Published: January 2012

AbstractSediment rating curves are commonly used to estimate the suspended sediment load in rivers and streams under the assumption of a constant relation between discharge (Q) and suspended sediment concentrations (SSC) over time. However, temporal variation in the sediment supply of a watershed results in shifts in this relation by increasing variability and by introducing nonlinearities in the form of hysteresis or a path‐dependent relation. In this study, we used a mixed‐effects linear model to estimate an average SSC–Q relation for different periods of time within the hydrologic cycle while accounting for seasonality and hysteresis. We tested the performance of the mixed‐effects model against the standard rating curve, represented by a generalized least squares regression, by comparing observed and predicted sediment loads for a test case on the Chilliwack River, British Columbia, Canada. In our analyses, the mixed‐effects model reflected more accurate patterns of interpolated SSC from Q data than the rating curve, especially for the low‐flow summer months when the SSC–Q relation is less clear. Akaike information criterion scores were lower for the mixed‐effects model than for the standard model, and the mixed‐effects model explained nearly twice as much variance as the standard model (52% vs 27%). The improved performance was achieved by accounting for variability in the SSC–Q relation within each month and across years for the same month using fixed and random effects, respectively, a characteristic disregarded in the sediment rating curve. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
2011 panel on developing a biomaterials curriculum
Authors: Reichert William M. , Harris Thomas R. , Lemons Jack , Mikos Antonios G. , Puleo David A. , Schoen Frederick J. , Temenoff Johnna S. 
Published: January 2012

AbstractThis article provides the transcript for the Panel on Developing a Biomaterials Curriculum held at the 2011 annual meeting of the Society for Biomaterials in Orlando, FL. The panelists were Thomas R. Harris of Vanderbilt University, Jack Lemons of the University of Alabama, Birmingham, Antonios G. Mikos of Rice University, David A. Puleo on the University of Kentucky, Frederick J. Schoen of Harvard Medical School, and Johnna S. Temenoff of Georgia Tech/Emory. The panelists, each an expert in engineering education and textbook author, presented their perspectives on key issues of developing undergraduate and graduate curricula that contain a biomaterials focus. The presentations were followed by a lively and informative discussion with the audience. A redacted portion of this discussion is included. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A, 2012.
Low‐temperature electrospun silk scaffold forin vitromucosal modeling
Authors: Bulysheva Anna A. , Bowlin Gary L. , Klingelhutz Aloysius J. , Yeudall W. Andrew 
Published: January 2012

AbstractElectrospinning is often used to create scaffolding as a biomimetic of the extracellular matrix of tissues. A frequent limitation of this technique for three‐dimensional tissue modeling is poor cell infiltration throughout the void volume of scaffolds. Here, we generated low‐temperature electrospun silk scaffolds and compared these with conventional electrospun silk scaffolds in terms of mechanical properties, void volume, cell infiltration, cell viability, and potential to support mucosal models under three‐dimensional culture conditions. Low‐temperature electrospun silk scaffolds supported fibroblast attachment and infiltration throughout the volume of the scaffolds, while conventional electrospun scaffolds exhibited limited cell infiltration with fibroblasts attaching exclusively to the seeding surface of the scaffolds. The porosity of low‐temperature electrospun scaffolds was 93% compared with 88% of conventional electrospun silk scaffolds. Uniaxial tensile testing showed a 3.5‐fold reduction in strength of low‐temperature electrospun silk compared with the conventional in terms of peak stress and modulus but no significant change in strain at break. Mucosal modeling with fibroblast‐keratinocyte or fibroblast‐carcinoma cocultures showed similar results, with cell infiltration occurring only in low‐temperature electrospun scaffolds. Cell viability was confirmed using live/dead staining after 21 days in culture. Furthermore, low‐temperature electrospun silk scaffolds were able to support keratinocyte differentiation, as judged by involucrin immunoreactivity. The low‐temperature electrospun silk scaffold that we have developed eliminates the limitation of electrospun silk scaffolds in terms of cell infiltration and, therefore, can potentially be used for a wide range of tissue engineering purposes ranging fromin vitrotissue modeling toin vivotissue regeneration purposes. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A, 2012.
Adhesion, activation, and aggregation of blood platelets and biofilm formation on the surfaces of titanium alloys Ti6Al4V and Ti6Al7Nb
Authors: Walkowiak‐Przybyło M. , Klimek L. , Okrój W. , Jakubowski W. , Chwiłka M. , Czajka A. , Walkowiak B. 
Published: January 2012

AbstractTitanium alloys are still on the top list of fundamental materials intended for dental, orthopedics, neurological, and cardiovascular implantations. Recently, a special attention has been paid to vanadium‐free titanium alloy, Ti6Al7Nb, that seems to represent higher biocompatibility than traditional Ti6Al4V alloy. Surprisingly, these data are not thoroughly elaborated in the literature; particularly there is a lack of comparative experiments conducted simultaneously and at the same conditions. Our study fills these shortcomings in the field of blood contact and microbiological colonization. To observe platelets adhesion and biofilm formation on the surfaces of compared titanium alloys, fluorescence microscope Olympus GX71 and scanning electron microscope HITACHI S‐3000N were used. Additionally, flow cytometry analysis of platelets aggregation and activation in the whole blood after contact with sample surface, as an essential tool for biomaterial thrombocompatibility assessment, was proposed. As a result of our study it was demonstrated that polished surfaces of Ti6Al7Nb and Ti6Al4V alloys after contact with whole citrated blood and E. coli bacterial cells exhibit a considerable difference. Overall, it was established that Ti6Al4V has distinct tendency to higher thrombogenicity, more excessive bacterial biofilm formation and notable cytotoxic properties in comparison to Ti6Al7Nb. However, we suggest these studies should be extended for other types of cells and biological objects. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A, 2012.
Extended and sequential delivery of protein from injectable thermoresponsive hydrogels
Authors: Nelson Devin M. , Ma Zuwei , Leeson Cory E. , Wagner William R. 
Published: January 2012

AbstractThermoresponsive hydrogels are attractive for their injectability and retention in tissue sites where they may serve as a mechanical support and as a scaffold to guide tissue remodeling. Our objective in this report was to develop a thermoresponsive, biodegradable hydrogel system that would be capable of protein release from two distinct reservoirs—one where protein was attached to the hydrogel backbone, and one where protein was loaded into biodegradable microparticles mixed into the network. Thermoresponsive hydrogels consisting of N‐isopropylacrylamide (NIPAAm), 2‐hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA), and biodegradable methacrylate polylactide were synthesized along with modified copolymers incorporating 1 mol % protein‐reactive methacryloxy N‐hydroxysuccinimide (MANHS), hydrophilic acrylic acid (AAc), or both. In vitro bovine serum albumin (BSA) release was studied from hydrogels, poly(lactide‐co‐glycolide) microparticles, or microparticles mixed into the hydrogels. The synthesized copolymers were able to gel below 37°C and release protein in excess of 3 months. The presence of MANHS and AAc in the copolymers was associated with higher loaded protein retention during thermal transition (45% vs. 22%) and faster release (2 months), respectively. Microspheres entrapped in the hydrogel released protein in a delayed fashion relative to microspheres in saline. The combination of a protein‐reactive hydrogel mixed with protein‐loaded microspheres demonstrated a sequential release of specific BSA populations. Overall the described drug delivery system combines the advantages of injectability, degradability, extended release, and sequential release, which may be useful in tissue engineering applications. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A, 2012.
Comparison of the oropharyngeal cavity in the Starksiini (Teleostei: Blenniiformes: Labrisomidae): Taste buds and teeth, including a comparison with closely‐related genera
Authors: Fishelson Lev , Baldwin Carole C. , Hastings Philip A. 
Published: January 2012

AbstractThe present study describes the distribution of taste buds and teeth in the oropharyngeal cavity of 13 species of adult (18–60 mm SL) Starksiini fishes inhabiting subtidal waters of the Neotropical region. Four types of taste buds described previously in other fish groups were observed within the oropharyngeal cavity, of which type I, situated on prominent protruding papillae, is the most common. The number of taste buds in this cavity varies considerably, ranging from ca. 202 in Starksia lepicoelia to ca. 770 in S. sluiteri. In all the studied species, taste buds are more numerous on the posterior (160–396) than on the anterior (42–294) part of the oropharyngeal cavity. The presence of different numbers of taste buds in different Starksiini species of the same standard length suggests that numbers of taste buds are not directly correlated with size and may be species‐specific. Teeth are found on the premaxilla, dentary, vomer, palatine (in some species) and the upper and lower pharyngeal jaws (third pharyngobranchials and fifth ceratobranchials, respectively); the form and number of teeth and taste buds on each of these sites differs among the various species of Starksiini and between them and closely related species of the labrisomid tribes Labrisomini, Mnierpini, and Paraclinini. The results thus suggest potential systematic value in certain features of the oropharyngeal cavity for blenniiform fishes. It is also shown that benthic‐feeding omnivorous fishes have higher densities of taste buds than piscivorous fishes. A possible correlation among numbers of taste buds, their positions in the oropharyngeal cavity, and other parameters is discussed. J. Morphol., 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
From the Schnauzenorgan to the back: Morphological comparison of mormyromast electroreceptor organs at different skin regions of Gnathonemus petersii
Authors: Amey‐Özel Monique , Hollmann Michael , von der Emde Gerhard 
Published: January 2012

AbstractThe nocturnally active weakly electric fish Gnathonemus petersii is known to employ active electrolocation for the detection of objects and for orientation in its environment. The fish emits pulse‐type electric signals with an electric organ and perceives these signals with more than 3,000 epidermal electroreceptor organs, the mormyromasts, which are distributed over the animal's skin surface. In this study, we measured the metric dimensions of the mormyromasts from different body regions to find structural and functional specialization of the various body parts. We focused on the two foveal regions of G. petersii, which are located at the elongated and movable chin (the Schnauzenorgan; SO) and at the nasal region (NR), the skin region between the mouth and the nares. These two foveal regions were compared to the dorsal part (back) of the fish, which contains typical nonfoveal mormyromasts. While the gross anatomy of the mormyromasts from all skin regions is similar, the metric dimensions of the main substructures differed. The mormyromasts at the SO are the smallest and contain the smallest receptor cells. In addition, the number of receptor cells per organ is lowest at the SO. In contrast, at the back the biggest receptor organs with the highest amount of receptor cells per organ occur. The mormyromasts at the NR are in several respects intermediate between those from the back and the SO. However, mormyromasts at the NR are longer than those at all other skin regions, the canal leading from the receptor pore to the inner chambers were the longest and the overlaying epidermal layers are the thickest. These results show that mormyromasts and the epidermis they are embedded in at both foveal regions differ specifically from those found on the rest of the body. The morphological specializations lead to functional specialization of the two foveae. J. Morphol., 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Corrosion of steel by carbonate‐bicarbonate solution for CO2 capture
Authors: Zhang J. , Martin F. J. 
Published: January 2012

AbstractHot alkaline solutions, such as potassium/sodium carbonate solutions, have been used for carbon dioxide removal and capture processes. This survey summarizes the available corrosion data of steels in the solution with carbon dioxide dissolved. Plant operating experiences and laboratory testing results are considered. The corrosion mechanisms, important factors, inhibitor effects, and corrosion cracking are analyzed.
Copper corrosion inhibition by polyaspartic acid and imidazole
Authors: Wang H. P. , Wu Q. , Li C. M. , Gu N. 
Published: January 2012

AbstractThis work reveals the corrosion inhibition effect of polyaspartic acid (PASP) and imidazole (IM) on copper in 3 wt% aminosulfonic acid acting as mixed‐type inhibitor of predominant cathodic effect. Potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy work prove that at 30 °C, 1.0 g/L PASP alone gave the best inhibitory effect of 89.8%; the inhibition efficiency could reach up to 95.4% when combining PASP and IM at the same ratio in total of 1.0 g/L. The anti‐corrosion mechanism of PASP and IM on copper is proposed from the characteristic molecular structures of these two chemicals.
Corrosion of stainless steel grades in molten NaOH/KOH eutectic at 250 °C: AISI304 austenitic and 2205 duplex
Authors: Bozzini B. , Barella S. , Bogani F. , Giovannelli G. , Natali S. , Scarselli G. , Boniardi M. 
Published: January 2012

AbstractThe present paper focuses on the corrosion of an austenitic (AISI304) and a duplex (2205) stainless steel grade in molten KOH/NaOH 50 w/o eutectic at 250 °C. Experimental activities have been performed consisting in electrochemical measurements (linear sweep voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectrometry) complemented by metallographic (in‐plane and cross‐sectional SEM micrography), structural (X‐ray diffractometry) and compositional (EDX line‐profiles) characterisation of the materials attacked under electrochemically controlled conditions. Electrochemical measurements have shown that AISI304 exhibits a passivating behaviour, characterised by two passivation peaks and a transpassive threshold, while duplex, does not yield a clear indication of passivation. AISI304 was found to fail by intergranular corrosion and to be covered in both passive and transpassive conditions, by an incoherent scale, containing electrolyte species. Duplex samples, instead tends to fail by homogeneous attack and exhibit a range of scale structures, depending on the applied potential.
The failure of GCH at a degree of supercompactness
Authors: Cody Brent 
Published: January 2012

AbstractWe determine the large cardinal consistency strength of the existence of a λ‐supercompact cardinal κ such that \documentclass{article}\usepackage{amssymb}\begin{document}\pagestyle{empty}$\mathsf {GCH}$\end{document} fails at λ. Indeed, we show that the existence of a λ‐supercompact cardinal κ such that 2λ ≥ θ is equiconsistent with the existence of a λ‐supercompact cardinal that is also θ‐tall. We also prove some basic facts about the large cardinal notion of tallness with closure.