bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Odor‐mediated patch choice in the parasitoid Venturia canescens: temporal decision dynamics
Authors: Liu Yin‐Quan , Thiel Andra , Hoffmeister Thomas S. 
Published: July 2009

AbstractParasitoids foraging for hosts in a heterogeneous environment would greatly benefit if they could decide already from a distance in which areas search for resources would be most profitable and to avoid areas of low fitness returns. Interestingly, the temporal dynamics of the decision process in parasitoid patch choice have rarely been investigated. In a Y‐tube olfactometer, we tested whether thelytokous and arrhenotokous females of the parasitoid wasp Venturia canescens (Gravenhorst) (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) respond to differences in cues indicating the quality of a host‐containing patch and choose more profitable patches. Special attention was given to the time it took females to make their choices (patch choice time) when differences in patch quality were either qualitative (absence vs. presence of hosts and kairomone) or quantitative (various concentrations of hosts and kairomone, and presence of competitors). We found that both thelytokous and arrhenotokous wasps only chose the higher‐quality patch based on odor cues when the difference was qualitative. When patches differed only with respect to the number of hosts, or the presence or absence of competing female parasitoids, no significant preference could be found in females of either strain of the parasitoid. In contrast, both the time until females reached the junction of the Y‐tube olfactometer (response time) and the time until females decided for either patch (decision time) varied with parasitoid strain and odor treatment. Thelytokous wasps were faster than arrhenotokous wasps in their response time and in their decision time. However, females of both strains responded faster with increasing number of total hosts releasing kairomone. Yet, decision time for patches did not significantly vary as a function of patch quality offered to Venturia wasps.
Life table assay of field‐caught Mediterranean fruit flies, Ceratitis capitata, reveals age bias
Authors: Kouloussis Nikos A. , Papadopoulos Nikos T. , Müller Hans‐Georg , Wang Jane‐Ling , Mao Meng , Katsoyannos Byron I. , Duyck Pierre‐François , Carey James R. 
Published: July 2009

AbstractThough traps are used widely to sample phytophagous insects for research or management purposes, and recently in aging research, possible bias stemming from differential response of individuals of various ages to traps has never been examined. In this paper, we tested the response of Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann) (Diptera: Tephritidae) males and females of four ages (spanning from 1 to 40 days) to McPhail‐type traps baited with a synthetic food attractant in field cages and found that the probability of trapping was significantly influenced by age. The type of food on which flies were maintained before testing (sugar or protein) also had a strong effect and interacted with age. In another experiment, we collected wild C. capitata adults of unknown age using 1–3 methods and then reared them in the laboratory until death. The survival schedules of these flies were subsequently used in a life table assay to infer their age at the time of capture. Results showed that on a single sampling date, males captured in traps baited with a food attractant were younger compared with males aspirated from fruiting host trees, or males captured in traps baited with a sex attractant. Likewise, females captured in food‐baited traps were younger compared with aspirated females. In addition to providing the first evidence of age‐dependent sampling bias for a phytophagous insect species, this paper also provides a novel approach to estimate the differences in the age composition of samples collected with different techniques. These findings are of utmost importance for several categories of insects, medically important groups notwithstanding.
Female dispersal and isolation‐by‐distance of Nasonia vitripennis populations in a local mate competition context
Authors: Grillenberger Bernd K. , Gadau Jürgen , Bijlsma R. , Van De Zande Louis , Beukeboom Leo W. 
Published: July 2009

AbstractDispersal behavior directly influences the level of inbreeding, but the effect of inbreeding avoidance on dispersal is less well studied. The parasitoid wasp Nasonia vitripennis (Walker) (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea: Pteromalidae) is known to mate exclusively on the natal patch, and females are the only dispersing sex. A previous study has shown that foundresses on a patch are typically unrelated, implying that females disperse for a considerable distance from their natal patch after mating. We investigated dispersal of N. vitripennis on two scales. On a local scale we used a mark‐release‐recapture experiment, and on the larger scale we investigated isolation by distance using a population genetic approach. We found that N. vitripennis females are long‐distance dispersers, capable of covering at least 2 km in 48 h. Populations within a range of 100 km showed no substructure, but larger distances or major geographical barriers restricted gene flow and led to significant population structure. The results provide a basis for future research on dispersal of parasitoids and are discussed in the context of dispersal abilities and inbreeding avoidance in Nasonia.
Life‐history traits in closely related secondary parasitoids sharing the same primary parasitoid host: evolutionary opportunities and constraints
Authors: Harvey Jeffrey A. , Wagenaar Roel , Martijn Bezemer T. 
Published: July 2009

AbstractThus far, few studies have compared life‐history traits amongst secondary parasitoids attacking and developing in cocoons of their primary parasitoid hosts. This study examines development and reproduction in Lysibia nana Gravenhorst and Acrolyta nens Hartig (both Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae), two related and morphologically similar secondary parasitoids that attack pupae of the gregarious endoparasitoid, Cotesia glomerata L. (Hymenoptera: Braconidae). On black mustard, Brassica nigra L. (Brassicaceae) plants in a field plot, adults of L. nana and A. nens frequently emerged from the same cocoon broods of C. glomerata. Based on similarities in their phylogeny and morphology, it was hypothesized that both species would exhibit considerable overlap in other life‐history traits. In both L. nana and A. nens, adult wasp size increased with host cocoon mass at parasitism, although L. nana wasps were slightly larger than A. nens wasps, and completed their development earlier. Adult females of both species emerged with no eggs but matured eggs at similar rates over the following days. When provided with 20 host cocoons daily, fecundity in female L. nana was slightly more skewed towards early life than in A. nens, although lifetime fecundity did not differ between the two species. Longevity was significantly reduced in females of both species that were provided with hosts. Both parasitoids were found to exhibit strong similarities in life‐history and development traits and in their ecological niche, thereby supporting our general hypothesis. Competition between L. nana and A. nens is presumably diffused because their preferred host (C. glomerata) is relatively abundant in open habitats.
Breeding performance of Tomicus destruens at different densities: the effect of intraspecific competition
Authors: Faccoli M. 
Published: July 2009

AbstractIn many bark beetles (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae), intraspecific competition is a limiting factor governing their population dynamics. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of increasing infestation densities on the breeding performance of Tomicus destruens (Wollaston), one of the main pests of Mediterranean pine forests. Six densities (ranging from 0.25 to 1.50 females dm−2) were tested under laboratory conditions on stone pine logs, assessing the mortality of eggs, larvae, and pupae, and recording the number of emerging adults. Density significantly affected the fertile tract of the maternal galleries, i.e., those containing eggs, which was shorter at densities higher than 0.75. Numbers of eggs, larvae, pupae, and adults per female decreased markedly when density increased from 0.25 to 1.5, although differences were statistically significant only at a density of 0.75 and higher. The lowest mortality was found in larvae reared at a density of 0.25 (17.7%) and the highest in pupae at 1.5 (84.8%). Increasing density affected the pre‐emergence stages in different ways, with pupae and larvae suffering the highest increases in mortality (39.5 and 163.6%, respectively). The breeding performance of T. destruens (number of eggs laid reaching adulthood) progressively decreased from 17 to 4% with increasing densities, although at low infestation, the mean number of emerging adults per dm2 of bark increased with density, showing a positive trade‐off between female fecundity and female density. In conclusion, breeding densities higher than 0.75 female dm−2 decreased female fecundity and elicited high mortality, mainly in larvae.
Broad histopathologic patterns of non‐glabrous skin and glabrous skin from patients with a new variant of endemic pemphigus foliaceus‐part 1
Authors: Howard Michael S. , Yepes Maria M. , Maldonado‐Estrada Juan G. , Villa‐Robles Edinson , Jaramillo Andrés , Botero Jorge H. , Patiño Pablo J. , Hashimoto Takashi , Abreu‐Velez Ana M. 
Published: July 2009

A prospective, controlled epidemiologic survey performed in El Bagre, Colombia revealed a new variant of endemic pemphigus disease, occurring in a gold mining region. The disease resembled Senear‐Usher syndrome, and occurred in an endemic fashion. The aim of this study is to describe the most frequent histopathologic patterns in non‐glabrous skin and in glabrous skin observed in these patients, and their clinical correlation. The study was performed on non‐glabrous skin biopsies of 30 patients from the dominantly clinical affected areas (either on the chest, arms or face). Simultaneously, biopsies from the palms were obtained in 10 randomly chosen patients of the 30 total patients. The specimens were examined following hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining. The most common blisters observed were subcorneal, although in some cases intraspinous and subepidermal blisters were visualized. Our results showed a very heterogeneous pattern of histopathologic patterns in non‐glabrous skin, which seemed to correlate with the clinical features. The most common pattern was typical pemphigus foliaceus‐like, with some lupus erythematosus‐like features. A non‐specific, chronic dermatitis pattern prevailed in the clinically controlled patients taking daily corticosteroids. In the patients who have had the most severe and relapsing pemphigus, early sclerodermatous changes and scleredermoid alterations prevailed in their reticular dermis. In addition to the scleredermoid alterations, the reticular dermis showed a paucity of appendageal structures. On the contrary, in the palms, a similar pattern was seen in all cases, including thickening of the stratum corneum, hypergranulosis, edema in the papillary and reticular dermis and a dermal perivascular lymphocytic infiltrate. The direct immunofluorescence of the glabrous vs. the non‐glabrous skin also showed some differences. We conclude that the histopathologic features of this new variant of endemic pemphigus are complex, therefore, classical histopathologic features previously described for superficial, endemic pemphigus cannot be used alone to diagnose this disease.Howard MS, Yepes MM, Maldonado‐Estrada JG, Villa‐Robles E, Jaramillo A, Botero JH, Patiño PJ, Hashimoto T, Abreu‐Velez AM. Broad histopathologic patterns of non‐glabrous skin and glabrous skin from patients with a new variant of endemic pemphigus foliaceus‐part 1.
Fibroblastic rheumatism: fibromatosis rather than non‐Langerhans cell histiocytosis
Authors: Kluger Nicolas , Dumas‐Tesici Alexandra , Hamel Dominique , Brousse Nicole , Fraitag Sylvie 
Published: July 2009

Background: Fibroblastic rheumatism is a unique fibro‐proliferative disease affecting the skin and joints. It is characterized by distinctive clinical and histological features related to benign spindle‐shaped cells proliferation. Pediatric reports are scarce in the literature. Objective: We describe here a new case in a 10‐year‐old boy and discuss the potential origin of the cell proliferation. Methods: Clinical findings, radiology, microscopic examination and outcome are reviewed. Histopathology and immunochemistry studies were performed on skin biospies using CD68, CD163, desmin, factor XIIIa, CD34, smooth muscle actin, PS100, epithelial membrane antigen, and calponin. Results: Histological sections disclosed a rather circumscribed nonencapsulated nodular infiltrate, invading the dermis and the upper subcutaneous tissue, consisted of a proliferation of spindle or stellate‐shaped cells and thickened collagen fibers. Orcein staining showed disappearance of the elastic network. Aponeurosis and muscle were normal. A mild perivascular lymphohistiocytic infiltrate was noted. Calponin‐staining was less strongly expressed as SMA, and some of them but not all were CD68 positive, as well. On the other hand, all were CD34, CD163, FXIIIa, PS100, EMA and desmin‐negative. Conclusion: The true origin of these cells remains unclear. Some authors have speculated a histiocytic origin. However, immuno‐chemical staining in our case failed to confirm this hypothesis and instead supported a fibroblastic/myofibroblastic origin. Given the clinical course and the histological and immunohistochemical results, we suggest that FR should be added to the group of fibromatoses.Kluger N, Dumas‐Tesici A, Hamel D, Brousse N, Fraitag S. Fibroblastic rheumatism: fibromatosis rather than non‐Langerhans cell histiocytosis.
Detection of Human Papillomavirus infection in trichilemmomas and verrucae using in situ hybridization
Authors: Stierman Sarah , Chen Shaoxiong , Nuovo Gerard , Thomas Jean 
Published: July 2009

Background: It is hypothesized that trichilemmomas are ‘burned out’ verrucae. By performing in situ hybridization using HPV type‐specific probes, we explored this concept.Methods: Verrucae vulgaris and plantaris were positive controls, and inverted follicular keratoses (IFKs) were negative controls. Additionally, all lesions were tested for HPV genital types (low and high risk).Results: We analyzed 9 trichilemmomas, 20 verrucae vulgaris, 8 verrucae plana, 3 verrucae plantaris and 6 IFKs. All trichilemmomas were negative for HPV types 1, 2 and genital types. Conversely, 9/20 verrucae vulgaris, 2 verrucae plantaris, and 1 verruca plana were positive for HPV type 2. Among HPV‐2 positive lesions, 2/2 verrucae plantaris and 1 verruca vulgaris (chin) were strongly positive for genital‐type HPV. One verruca plana (shin) was positive for genital‐type HPV only. All 6 IFKs were HPV negative.Conclusions: Using HPV type 1 and 2‐specific probes and mixed genital‐type probes, we were unable to detect HPV in trichilemmomas. This suggests that HPV‐1, HPV‐2 and low and high risk genital‐type HPVs are not involved in the histogenesis of trichilemmoma. We also showed that genital HPV types could be present in non‐genital verrucae.
Transitional cell neoplasm of the nasolacrimal duct associated with human papillomavirus type 11
Authors: Vickers Jennifer L. , Matherne Ryan J. , Allison Ashley W. , Wilkerson Michael G. , Tyring Stephen K. , Bartlett Brenda L. , Rady Peter L. , Kelly Brent C. 
Published: July 2009

Background: Tumors of the lacrimal sac are rare but noteworthy because of their significant potential to become malignant or life‐threatening if treatment is delayed. Dermatologists may be the first to encounter such neoplasms. Observations: We report a case of a 53‐year‐old Caucasian woman who presented with a seven‐year history of an asymptomatic, subcutaneous nodule near her right medial canthus. Histology of the lesion revealed transitional epithelium in a papillary growth pattern with numerous goblet cells, scattered mitoses and focal full‐thickness atypia. The patient was diagnosed with transitional cell neoplasm (inverted papilloma‐type) of the nasolacrimal duct. PCR evaluation identified HPV type 11 in the lesion. Conclusion: Our report is one of a growing number of case reports and series detecting HPV DNA in these tumors which further supports HPV as an etiologic agent in epithelial lacrimal sac tumors. We believe that dermatopathologists need to be aware of this entity, as dermatologists may be the first to encounter these neoplasms. Limitations: The association of HPV with this tumor does not prove causality.Vickers JL, Matherne RJ, Allison AW, Wilkerson MG, Tyring SK, Bartlett BL, Rady PL, Kelly BC. Transitional cell neoplasm of the nasolacrimal duct associated with human papillomavirus type.
Influence of ovariectomy and masticatory hypofunction on mandibular bone remodeling
Authors: Patullo IMF , Takayama L , Patullo RF , Jorgetti V , Pereira RMR 
Published: July 2009

Introduction:  This study was designed to examine the effect of masticatory hypofunction and estrogen deficiency on mandible bone mass and compare this site with spine and femoral bone.Methods:  Twenty‐four rats were ovariectomized (OVX) or Sham‐operated (Sham) and analyzed after feeding with hard diet (Hard) or soft diet (Soft). They were divided into four groups: (GI)Sham‐Hard; (GII)OVX‐Hard; (GIII)Sham‐Soft and (GIV)OVX‐Soft. Bone mineral density (BMD) was measured in the spine and femur in the baseline and at the end of the study, and ΔBMD (final BMD − baseline BMD) was calculated. In mandible bone, BMD and histomorphometry were analyzed at the end of the experiment.Results:  Sham rats showed higher spine (GI: 13.5%vs GII: 0.74%, P < 0.01; GIII: 10.67%vs GIV: −4.36%, P < 0.001) and femur ΔBMD (GI: 14.43%vs GII: 4.42%, P < 0.01; GIII: 10.58%vs GIV: 0.49%, P < 0.001) than OVX, but no difference was observed in mandible BMD among these groups (P > 0.05). Soft‐diet groups showed decreased mandible BMD compared with hard‐diet groups (GIV vs GII, P < 0.01; GIII vs GI, P < 0.01). Similarly, mandibular condyle histomorphometry showed that soft‐diet groups presented a significant decrease in trabecular thickness and volume (GIV vs GII, P < 0.05; GIII vs GI, P < 0.01) compared with hard diet.Conclusion:  Our results suggest that mandibular bone loss resulted from decreased of mechanical loading during mastication, and was not affect by estrogen depletion.
Differential gene expression in the perichondrium and cartilage of the neonatal mouse temporomandibular joint
Authors: Hinton RJ , Serrano M , So S 
Published: July 2009

Structured Abstract
Authors –
Hinton RJ, Serrano M, So SOur goal was to discover genes differentially expressed in the perichondrium (PC) of the mandibular condylar cartilage (MCC) that might enhance regenerative medicine or orthopaedic therapies directed at the tissues of the temporomandibular joint. We used targeted gene arrays (osteogenesis, stem cell) to identify genes preferentially expressed in the PC and the cartilaginous (C) portions of the MCC in 2‐day‐old mice. Genes with higher expression in the PC sample related to growth factor ligand‐receptor interactions [FGF‐13 (6.4×), FGF‐18 (4×), NCAM (2×); PGDF receptors, transforming growth factor (TGF)‐β and IGF‐1], the Notch isoforms (especially Notch 3 and 4) and their ligands or structural proteins/proteoglycans [collagen XIV (21×), collagen XVIII (4×), decorin (2.5×)]. Genes with higher expression in the C sample consisted mostly of known cartilage‐specific genes [aggrecan (11×), procollagens X (33×), XI (14×), IX (4.5×), Sox 9 (4.4×) and Indian hedgehog (6.7×)]. However, the functional or structural roles of several genes that were expressed at higher levels in the PC sample are unclear [myogenic factor (Myf) 9 (9×), tooth‐related genes such as tuftelin (2.5×) and dentin sialophosphoprotein (1.6×), VEGF‐B (2×) and its receptors (3–4×) and sclerostin (1.7×)]. FGF, Notch and TGF‐β signalling may be important regulators of MCC proliferation and differentiation; the relatively high expression of genes such as Myf6 and VEGF‐B and its receptors suggests a degree of unsuspected plasticity in PC cells.
Salivary diagnostics
Authors: Lee JM , Garon E , Wong DT 
Published: July 2009

Structured AbstractAuthors –  Lee JM, Garon E, Wong DTThe ability to monitor health status, disease onset and progression, and treatment outcome through non‐invasive means is a most desirable goal in the health care promotion and delivery. There are three prerequisites to materialize this goal: specific biomarkers associated with a health or disease state; a non‐invasive approach to detect and monitor the biomarkers; and the technologies to discriminate the biomarkers. A national initiative catalyzed by the National Institute of Dental & Craniofacial Research (NIDCR) has created a roadmap to achieve these goals through the use of oral fluids as the diagnostic medium to scrutinize the health and/or disease status of individuals. Progress has shown this is an ideal opportunity to bridge state of the art saliva‐based biosensors, optimized to disease discriminatory salivary biomarkers, for diagnostic applications. Oral fluid being the ‘mirror of body’ is a perfect medium to be explored for health and disease surveillance. The translational applications and opportunities are enormous.
Pathways in external apical root resorption associated with orthodontia
Authors: Hartsfield Jr JK 
Published: July 2009

Structured AbstractAuthor –  Hartsfield JK Jr.To review studies investigating if genetic factors play a role in external apical root resorption (EARR) during orthodontic treatment. Heritability estimation in human sib‐pairs, comparison of multiple inbred mouse strains, human sib‐pair linkage and parents‐child trio association studies, and two gene (Il‐1b, and P2rx7) knock out mouse models. Heritability for EARR of the maxillary central incisors concurrent with orthodontic treatment is 0.8. DBA/2J, BALB/cJ, and 129P3/J inbred mouse strains are highly susceptible (p < .05) to histological root resorption (RR) associated with orthodontic force (RRAOF), whereas A/J, C57BL/6J and SJL/J mice are resistant. Non‐parametric sibling pair linkage analysis identified evidence of linkage (LOD = 2.5; p = 0.02) of EARR with microsatellite D18S64 (tightly linked to TNFRSF11A, also known as RANK). There is significant linkage disequilibrium of IL‐1B (p = 0.0003), and OPG (p = 0.003) with EARR. RRAOF increases in Il1b KO (p ≤ 0.013), and increases in P2rx7 KO (p < 0.02) mice compared to wild‐type. Genetic factors play a marked role in EARR concurrent with orthodontic force, accounting for one‐half to two‐thirds of the variation. Two pathways for this may involve: 1) activation control of osteoclasts through the ATP/P2XR7/IL‐1B inflammation modulation pathway; and 2) RANK/RANKL/OPG osteoclast activation control. Histological RR occurs and is typically healed. If resorption outpaces healing, then EARR develops. Normal and parafunctional forces, as well as orthodontic forces, may add to or interact with the individual’s susceptibility to pass the threshold of developing EARR.