bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Neuromuscular impairments in adult survivors of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: Ness Kirsten K. , Hudson Melissa M. , Pui Ching‐Hon , Green Daniel M. , Krull Kevin R. , Huang Tseng T. , Robison Leslie L. , Morris E. Brannon 
Published: July 2011

AbstractBACKGROUND:Treatment regimens for childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) contain neurotoxic agents that may interfere with neuromuscular health. In this study, the authors examined associations between neuromuscular impairments and physical function and between neuromuscular impairments and doses of vincristine and intrathecal methotrexate used to treat leukemia among survivors of childhood ALL.METHODS:ALL survivors >10 years from diagnosis participated in neuromuscular performance testing. Treatment data were abstracted from medical records. Regression models were used to evaluate associations between treatment factors, neuromuscular impairments, and physical performance.RESULTS:Among 415 survivors (median age, 35 years; age range, 21‐52 years), balance, mobility, and 6‐minute walk (6MW) distances were 1.3 standard deviations below age‐specific and sex‐specific values in 15.4%, 3.6%, and 46.5% of participants, respectively. Impairments included absent Achilles tendon reflexes (39.5%), active dorsiflexion range of motion (ROM) <5 degrees (33.5%), and impaired knee extension strength (30.1%). In adjusted models (including cranial radiation), survivors who received cumulative intrathecal methotrexate doses ≥215 mg/m2 were 3.4 times more likely (95% confidence interval, 1.2‐9.8 times more likely) to have impaired ROM than survivors who received no intrathecal methotrexate, and survivors who received cumulative vincristine doses ≥39 mg/m2 were 1.5 times more likely (95% CI, 1.0‐2.5 times more likely) to have impaired ROM than survivors who received lower cumulative doses of vincristine. Higher intrathecal methotrexate doses were associated with reduced knee extension strength and 6MW distances.CONCLUSIONS:Neuromuscular impairments were prevalent in childhood ALL survivors and interfered with physical performance. Higher cumulative doses of vincristine and/or intrathecal methotrexate were associated with long‐term neuromuscular impairments, which have implications on future function as these survivors age. Cancer 2012;. © 2011 American Cancer Society.
Nanotextured substrates with immobilized aptamers for cancer cell isolation and cytology
Authors: Wan Yuan , Mahmood M. Arif Iftakher , Li Na , Allen Peter B. , Kim Young‐tae , Bachoo Robert , Ellington Andrew D. , Iqbal Samir M. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractBACKGROUND:The detection of a small number of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) is important, especially in the early stages of cancer. Small numbers of CTCs are hard to detect, because very few approaches are sensitive enough to differentiate these from the pool of other cells. Improving the affinity of a selective, surface‐functionalized molecule is important given the scarcity of CTCs in vivo. There are several proteins and aptamers that provide such high affinity; however, using surface nanotexturing increases this affinity even further.METHODS:The authors report an approach to improve the affinity of tumor cell capture by using novel aptamers against cell membrane overexpressed epidermal growth factor receptors (EGFRs) on a nanotextured polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) substrate. Surface‐immobilized aptamers were used to specifically capture tumor cells from physiologic samples.RESULTS:The nanotexturing of PDMS increased surface roughness at the nanoscale. This increased the effective surface area and resulted in a significantly higher degree of surface functionalization. The phenomenon resulted in increased density of immobilized EGFR‐specific RNA aptamer molecules and provided significantly higher efficiency to capture cancer cells from a mixture. The data indicated that CTCs could be captured and enriched, leading to higher yield yet higher background.CONCLUSIONS:A comparison between glass slides, plain PDMS, and nanotextured PDMS functionalized with aptamers demonstrated that a 2‐fold approach of using aptamers on nanotextured PDMS can be important for cancer cytology devices, and especially for the idea of a “lab‐on‐chip,” toward higher yield in capture efficiency. Cancer 2012;. © 2011 American Cancer Society.
Phase 2 trial of oxaliplatin and pemetrexed as an induction regimen in locally advanced head and neck cancer
Authors: Gilbert Jill , Murphy Barbara , Dietrich Mary S. , Henry Eve , Jordan Richard , Counsell Ashley , Wirth Pamela , Yarbrough Wendell G. , Slebos Robert J. , Chung Christine H. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractBACKGROUND:This phase 2 trial evaluated the tolerability and clinical efficacy of the combination of oxaliplatin and pemetrexed as an induction chemotherapy regimen in locally advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC).METHODS:Forty‐two patients were enrolled in the study. Patients received pemetrexed 300 mg/m2 intravenously (IV) and oxaliplatin 85 mg/m2 IV every 14 days for a total of 4 cycles. A subset of patients consented to correlative studies including tumor tissue for human papillomavirus (HPV) detection and expression of DNA repair genes that may be predictive of response or resistance to oxaliplatin or pemetrexed.RESULTS:Response data were available for 40 patients. Eighteen had a partial response, and 1 had a complete response, for a response rate of 47.5%. Patients with HPV+ disease demonstrated superior response rates, progression‐free survival, and overall survival. The regimen was well tolerated, with predominantly grade 1 or 2 alanine aminotransferase/aspartate aminotransferase elevation. One patient had grade 5 toxicity with neutropenia and sepsis. The authors did not identify genes predictive of response or toxicity, although HPV+ tumors demonstrated a unique gene expression signature.CONCLUSIONS:Although the response rate of oxaliplatin and pemetrexed proved less than anticipated, the combination remains an active induction regimen in HNSCC. This regimen should be evaluated further in combination with targeted agents, such as cetuximab, especially in the HPV+ patient population. Cancer 2012;. © 2011 American Cancer Society.
Single brain metastasis: whole‐brain irradiation plus either radiosurgery or neurosurgical resection
Authors: Rades Dirk , Veninga Theo , Hornung Dagmar , Wittkugel Oliver , Schild Steven E. , Gliemroth Jan 
Published: July 2011

AbstractBACKGROUND:The current study was conducted to compare neurosurgical resection (NR) followed by whole‐brain irradiation (WBI) (NR + WBI) with WBI followed by radiosurgery (WBI + RS) in patients with a single brain metastasis.METHODS:The outcome of 41 patients treated with WBI + RS was retrospectively compared with 111 patients who received NR ;+ WBI with respect to local control of the treated metastasis and survival. Eleven additional potential prognostic factors were investigated, including WBI schedule, patient age, patient gender, Karnofsky performance score (KPS), primary tumor type, extracerebral metastases, recursive partitioning analysis (RPA) class, interval between the first diagnosis of cancer to the treatment of brain metastasis, metastatic site, maximum diameter of the metastasis, and graded prognostic assessment (GPA) score.RESULTS:The 1‐year local control rates were 87% after WBI + RS and 56% after NR + WBI (P = .001). Using the Cox proportional hazards model, the treatment regimen remained significant (risk ratio [RR], 2.46; 95% confidence interval [95% CI], 1.29‐5.17 [P = .005]). On the multivariate analysis, local control was also found to be associated with the maximum diameter of the metastasis. The 1‐year survival rates were 61% after WBI + RS and 53% after NR + WBI (P = .16). Acute and late toxicities were similar in both groups. On the multivariate analysis, KPS, extracerebral metastases, RPA class, and the GPA score were found to be independent predictors of survival.CONCLUSIONS:The use of WBI + RS resulted in significantly better local control of the treated metastasis than NR + WBI. Survival was not found to be significantly different in either group. Because WBI + RS is less invasive than NR + WBI, it appears to be preferable for many patients with a single brain metastasis. These results should be confirmed in a randomized trial. Cancer 2012;. © 2011 American Cancer Society.
Structure‐controlled growth of ZnO nanonails by thermal evaporation technique
Authors: Senthil Kumar M. , Chhikara D. , Srivatsa K. M. K. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractWurtzite ZnO nanonail structures have been grown on sapphire substrate by simple thermal evaporation of Zn powder in oxygen ambient. Growth parameters such as growth temperature and oxygen gas flow have been examined for the growth of nanonail structure. It is found that the nanonail structures repeatedly grow under a certain relation between the growth temperature and the oxygen flow. Also, at higher growth temperature, the nanonails grow in the form of branched‐structures. The grown ZnO nanonails have hexagonally well‐faceted cap and grow mostly perpendicular to the sapphire substrate. Excellent luminescence properties of a strong UV emission peak with negligible green band have been obtained at room temperature. (© 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Synthesis, transformation to octahedron‐like crystals, and gas‐sensing property of six‐horned nanospheres of Cu2O
Authors: Wang Xiaoqing , Liu Zhipeng , Qian Yitai 
Published: July 2011

AbstractSingle‐crystal six‐horned nanospheres of Cu2O with a diameter of 760 nm in average were prepared in aqueous solution of CuCl2and NaOH by using ascorbic acid as the reductant in the presence of sodium dodecyl benzenesulfonate (SDBS) at room temperature. The horn grows along the <100> direction, which is consistent with the protuberant direction of an apex of octahedron. The formation process of six‐horned nanospheres included two steps: the formation of Cu2O nanospheres via Ostwald ripening process, and the appearance of horns on the surface of nanospheres under low concentration of SDBS. As increasing the concentration of SDBS, the six‐horned nanospheres could be transformed into octahedron‐like Cu2O. And at the same concentration of SDBS, keeping the volume ratio of water and ethanol in mixed solutions as 1:1, Cu2O octahedra were obtained. Moreover, gas‐sensing property showed that six‐horned nanospheres of Cu2O had higher sensitivity compared with Cu2O nanospheres and Cu2O octahedra to ethanol gas (© 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Remarkable Impact of Water on the Discharge Performance of a Silicon–Air Battery
Authors: Cohn Gil , Macdonald Digby D. , Ein‐Eli Yair 
Published: July 2011

AbstractHere, we report on a Si–air/ionic liquid electrolyte battery whose performance improves with small amounts of water in the electrolyte. The shift of the generation zone of the SiO2 discharge product from the air cathode surface into the bulk region of the liquid electrolyte, caused by water addition, is demonstrated through various means. Addition of 15 vol % water leads to an increase of 40 % in the discharge capacity as compared to the capacity obtained using a pure ionic liquid electrolyte. If the water content increases above 20 vol %, the Si–air cell capacity dramatically decreases. The water–ionic liquid electrolyte mixture shows a maximum in the ionic conductivity with a water content of 10 vol %. In‐depth studies indicate a reduced amount of discharge product at the air electrode using 15 vol % H2O electrolyte. The morphology of the anode surface, as well as the developed surface film in the presence of water‐containing ionic liquid, is reported. This study shows that exposing a Si–air battery to a humid environment does not result in capacity losses, but rather improves cell performance.
Cutting the vagus nerve below the diaphragm prevents maternal potentiation of infant rat vocalization
Authors: Shair Harry N. , Smith Jonathan A. , Welch Martha G. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractIn maternal potentiation, the rate of vocalization by a young organism during isolation is greatly enhanced if that isolation has been immediately preceded by an interaction with the mother (or other adult female in the case of rats). The enhancement in isolation‐induced vocalization rate does not occur if the young animal had an interaction with other social companions like littermates or with familiar inanimate stimuli like home cage shavings. The present study demonstrates that pups whose vagus nerve is cut below the diaphragm do not potentiate vocalization after an interaction with their dam. The vocalization rates of denervated pups in a first isolation, in the presence of the dam, and during cold exposure do not differ from control pups. Their non‐vocal behaviors also appear unaffected by the surgery. Similar to what has been shown in studies of fever‐induced behavioral changes, an intact vagus nerve from the gut is necessary for young rat pups to show normal social mediation of their isolation‐induced vocal responses. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Dev Psychobiol 54:70–76, 2012.
The social environment during pregnancy and lactation shapes the behavioral and hormonal profile of male offspring in wild cavies
Authors: Siegeler Katja , Sachser Norbert , Kaiser Sylvia 
Published: July 2011

AbstractIn mammals, the development of individual behavioral profiles can be influenced considerably by social factors during early phases of life. In guinea pigs, for instance, sons whose mothers experienced social instability during pregnancy and lactation show an infantilized behavioral profile. Here, we examined whether the same phenomenon exists also in wild cavies, the ancestor of the domestic guinea pig. Using a comparable experimental approach, our results revealed a similar behavioral infantilization as well as a delayed gonadal development of sons when their mothers had lived under unstable social conditions. These data show clearly that the behavioral and hormonal profile of male wild cavies can be shaped significantly by the social environment in which their mothers lived during pregnancy and lactation. Hence the underlying mechanisms cannot have been brought about by artificial selection during domestication. Rather, they represent maternal effects evolved through natural selection adjusting the offspring to the current environmental conditions. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Dev Psychobiol 53:575–584, 2011.
Integrins and the extracellular matrix: Key mediators of development and regeneration of the sensory nervous system
Authors: Gardiner Natalie J. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractThe somatosensory nervous system is responsible for the transmission of a multitude of sensory information from specialized receptors in the periphery to the central nervous system. Sensory afferents can potentially be damaged at several sites: in the peripheral nerve; the dorsal root; or the dorsal columns of the spinal cord; and the success of regeneration depends on the site of injury. The regeneration of peripheral nerve branches following injury is relatively successful compared to central branches. This is largely attributed to the presence of neurotrophic factors and a Schwann cell basement membrane rich in permissive extracellular matrix (ECM) components which promote axonal regeneration in the peripheral nerve. Modulation of the ECM environment and/or neuronal integrins may enhance regenerative potential of sensory neurons following peripheral or central nerve injury or disease. This review describes the interactions between integrins and ECM molecules (particularly the growth supportive ligands, laminin, and fibronectin; and the growth inhibitory chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans (CSPGs)) during development and regeneration of sensory neurons following physical injury or neuropathy. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Develop Neurobiol 71: 1054‐1072, 2011
Inrush current simulation of two‐winding power transformer using machine parameters estimated by winding structure design procedure
Authors: Tokunaga Yoshitaka , Kubota Kunihiro 
Published: July 2011

AbstractThis paper presents a technique for estimation of machine parameters of a two‐winding power transformer using a winding structure design procedure. In particular, it is very difficult to obtain machine parameters for transformers in customers' facilities. Using the estimation technique, the machine parameters can be calculated from only the nameplate data of these transformers. Subsequently, EMTP‐ATP simulation of the inrush current was carried out using the machine parameters estimated by the techniques developed in this study, and the simulation results were found to reproduce the measured waveforms. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 177(2): 1–9, 2011; Published online in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com). DOI 10.1002/eej.20994
A trial implementation of a distance estimation method based on standing waves of audible sound
Authors: Ohmata Norimitsu , Uebo Tetsuji , Nakasako Noboru , Shinohara Toshihiro 
Published: July 2011

AbstractIn many engineering fields, the distance to target is very important information. In a typical method, the distance is estimated by measuring the time delay between transmitted and reflected waves. However, it is difficult to estimate short distances with a method like this. In the field of microwave radar, a method using standing waves to measure short distances and multiple targets is known. We have applied this method to distance estimation using audible sound and have shown the validity of this method by our simulations and experiments. In this paper, we present a prototype system for distance estimation in which this method is implemented, and evaluate the performance of this system by experiments in an actual sound field. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 177(2): 41–48, 2011; Published online in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com). DOI 10.1002/eej.21160
Studies on thrust characteristics of high‐thrust spiral motor
Authors: Kominami Tsutomu , Fujimoto Yasutaka 
Published: July 2011

AbstractLinear actuators are used in various industrial applications. Conventional linear actuators are a combination of a rotational motor and a ball screw, a hydraulic actuator, or a linear motor. However, these actuators have some demerits. This paper proposes a spiral motor (SPRM) that comprises a helical stator and a helical mover. Owing to its helical structure, the SPRM can be expected to show better performance compared to the conventional linear actuator. A stator and a mover are shown in Figs. 1 and 2, respectively. Helical motion is obtained by this motor and only linear motion is extracted by canceling rotational motion at the end effector. There are two types of SPRMs. One has no ball screw on the output axis, while the other has a ball screw. The former can be used in a direct drive system. However, the gap between the stator and the mover should be controlled because the motor is a magnetic levitation system without a ball screw. Further, the motor requires two three‐phase inverters. The other motor is easy to control because it does not require gap control. However, the motor is inferior to the first motor with regard to position control since the friction in this motor is larger. In this study, a prototype of the SPRM is developed. The prototype constructed is a motor with a ball screw. In this motor, the stator and mover are made of block cells. The stator block is shown in Fig. 3 and the mover block is shown in Fig. 4. The prototype of the SPRM shown in Fig. 5, is developed by using these two blocks. An experiment is conducted to examine the driving of the SPRM. The experimental result is shown in Fig. 6. From this result, it is evident that comprising a helical stator and a helical mover can generate linear motion. Another experiment is conducted for measuring the thrust characteristic of the motor. The result obtained is shown in Fig. 7. From the figure, the thrust constant of the spiral motor, Kf, is obtained as 538.0 N/A. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 177(2): 58–64, 2011; Published online in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com). DOI 10.1002/eej.21168
Functionalization of tactile sensation for robot based on haptograph and model decomposition
Authors: Yokokura Yuki , Katsura Seiichiro , Ohishi Kiyoshi 
Published: July 2011

AbstractIn the real world, robots should be able to recognize the environment in order to be of help to humans. A video camera and a laser range finder are devices that can help robots recognize the environment. However, these devices cannot obtain tactile information from environments. Future human‐assisting robots should have the ability to recognize haptic signals, and a disturbance observer can possibly be used to provide the robot with this ability. In this study, a disturbance observer is employed in a mobile robot to functionalize the tactile sensation. This paper proposes a method that involves the use of the haptograph and modal decomposition for the haptic recognition of road environments. The haptograph presents a graphic view of the tactile information. It is possible to classify road conditions intuitively. The robot controller is designed by considering the decoupled modal coordinate system, which consists of translational and rotational modes. Modal decomposition is performed by using a quarry matrix. Once the robot is provided with the ability to recognize tactile sensations, its usefulness to humans will increase. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 177(2): 49–57, 2011; Published online in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com). DOI 10.1002/eej.21169
Flexible job‐shop scheduling problem by genetic algorithm
Authors: Ida Kenichi , Oka Kensaku 
Published: July 2011

AbstractThe Flexible Job‐shop Scheduling Problem is an expansion of the traditional Job‐shop Scheduling Problem in which an operation can be processed by one or more machines. The purpose of this problem is to look for the smallest makespan. For that purpose, it is necessary to decide the optimal assignment of machines to operations and the order of operations on machines. In this paper, we focus on the maximum of the workloads for all machines and propose a new method of survival selection, a method of creation of the initial solution, mutation, and a method of escape to the genetic algorithm for this problem. The efficacy of our method is demonstrated by comparing its numerical experiment results with those of other methods. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 177(3): 28–35, 2011; Published online in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com). DOI 10.1002/eej.21194
New N,N,N‐Donors Resulting in Highly Active Ruthenium Catalysts for Transfer Hydrogenation at Room Temperature
Authors: Ghoochany Leila Taghizadeh , Farsadpour Saeid , Sun Yu , Thiel Werner R. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractA series of ruthenium complexes of the general formula [RuCl2(L)(NNN)] were synthesized starting from tridentate N,N,N‐ligands containing pyridine and allylated pyrazole donor groups and [RuCl2(PPh3)3]. The N,N,N‐donors introduced herein are accessible in a few steps from versatile precursors. The primary products, [RuCl2(NNN)(PPh3)], can be converted into the corresponding carbonyl complexes, [RuCl2(CO)(NNN)], by bubbling CO into a solution in toluene at elevated temperatures. All ruthenium complexes were investigated as catalysts for the transfer hydrogenation of aryl ketones. The phosphane complexes show high activities with turnover frequency values of up to 1200 h–1 in the presence of just one equivalent of KOH, whereas the carbonyl complexes are only poorly active.