bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High reticulocyte count is an independent risk factor for cerebrovascular disease in children with sickle cell anemia
Authors: Silva Célia Maria , Giovani Poliana , Viana Marcos Borato 
Published: October 2010

AbstractBackgroundTranscranial Doppler ultrasonography (TCD) is an important way of detecting risk of ischemic stroke in children with sickle cell anemia.ProcedureA random sample of 262 FS‐hemoglobin children from a newborn screening inception cohort in Brazil (1998–2005) was followed up to May 2009. Pulsed TCD followed STOP protocol. Children with mean blood flow velocity <170 cm/sec in cerebral arteries were classified as low risk; between 170 and 184, low conditional risk; between 185 and 199, high conditional risk; and ≥200, high risk.ResultsMedian age, 6.2 years (2–11.2 years); 147 female; 13 children (5%) had ischemic stroke prior to TCD; 186/249 (74.7%) were classified as low risk; 19 (7.6%) as low conditional; 7 (2.8%) as high conditional; and 8 (3.2%) as high risk; inadequate tests, 11.6%. The probability of ischemic stroke at 10 years was 8.3% (SEM 2.3%); of stroke or high‐risk TCD 15.6% (3.5%). Children with stroke or altered TCD (conditional and high risk) were compared to children with normal examinations. They were younger (P = 0.03), with lower hemoglobin (P = 0.003), higher leukocytosis (P = 0.015), and higher reticulocytosis (P < 0.001). Episodes per year of acute chest syndrome were also higher in that group, but not significantly (P = 0.09). Reticulocytosis remained the only significant variable upon multivariate analysis (P = 0.004). Basilar and middle cerebral artery velocities were significantly correlated (R = 0.55; P < 0.001).ConclusionsProbability of stroke was similar to international reports; of belonging to high‐risk group, lower. High‐reticulocyte count was the most important factor associated with cerebrovascular disease. Basilar artery velocity >130 cm/sec seems to be an indirect sign of an underlying cerebrovascular disease. Pediatr Blood Cancer. 2010;56:116–121. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Cancer at ages 15–29 years: The contrasting incidence in India and England
Authors: Arora Ramandeep S. , Alston Robert D. , Eden Tim O.B. , Moran Anthony , Geraci Marco , O'Hara Catherine , Birch Jillian M. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractBackgroundThere has been a steady increase in published research from Europe and North America on the epidemiology of cancers in young people. There are limited data from the developing world. We contrast the incidence of cancer at ages 15–29 years in India and England.ProcedureMalignant neoplasms in those aged 15–29 years registered during 2001–2003 in five urban population‐based cancer registries (PBCRs) of India and in eight PBCRs in England were included. Site‐based classification was used. Age‐standardized incidence rates were expressed per 100,000 person years.ResultsIn India, 4,864 (5.8%) of 84,450 cases and in England, 8,137 (1.2%) of 65,6752 cancer cases occurred in those aged 15–29 years. For this age group, the incidence rate for males and females in India were 12.91 and 14.19, and in England were 27.75 and 28.88, respectively. In males aged 15–29 years, the three most common cancers in India were leukemia, lymphoma, and central nervous system tumors and in England were cancers of male genital organs, lymphoma, and leukemia. Cancers of female genital organs, breast, and leukemia were most common in females in India and cancers of female genital organs, lymphoma, and melanoma in England. For cancers of mouth, stomach, and gall bladder, the incidence was higher in India.ConclusionIncidence of cancer at ages 15–29 years in England is higher at most sites than in India. Variation in environmental exposures between the two countries might be an explanation. Under‐ascertainment of cases and gender bias in seeking healthcare may also influence reported incidence rates in India. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2012; 58: 55–60. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Cooperating G6PD mutations associated with severe neonatal hyperbilirubinemia and cholestasis
Authors: Mizukawa Benjamin , George Alex , Pushkaran Suvarnamala , Weckbach Lana , Kalinyak KarenAnn , Heubi James E. , Kalfa Theodosia A. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractWe report a novel glucose‐6‐phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) mutation, which we propose to name G6PD Cincinnati (c.1037A > T, p.N346I), found in combination with G6PD Gastonia (c.637G > T, p.V213L) in an infant who presented with neonatal cholestasis. The G6PD Cincinnati mutation results in a non‐conservative amino acid substitution at the tetramer interface disturbing its formation, as seen by native gel electrophoresis and immunoblotting. G6PD Gastonia disrupts dimerization of the enzyme and by itself causes chronic non‐spherocytic hemolytic anemia. The G6PD Cincinnati mutation may have aggravated the clinical picture of G6PD Gastonia with the result of severe perinatal hemolysis causing cholestasis and associated liver injury. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2011;56:840–842. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Ambulatory high‐dose methotrexate administration among pediatric osteosarcoma patients in an urban, underserved setting is feasible, safe, and cost‐effective
Authors: Mahadeo Kris M. , Santizo Ruth , Baker Lindsay , Curry Joan O'Hanlon , Gorlick Richard , Levy Adam S. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractBackgroundWe describe the safety, feasibility, and provide a cost‐estimate of outpatient high‐dose methotrexate administration (HDMTX) among an urban, underserved population.ProcedureA retrospective analysis of ambulatory HDMTX administration among osteosarcoma patients, at Montefiore Medical Center's Children's Hospital (Bronx, NY) was performed. HDMTX (12 g/m2) was given intravenously (IV) over 4 hr after urine alkalinization. Patients were discharged home to continue IV hydration and alkalinization delivered via a home infusion pump. Families were instructed to monitor urine pH overnight and management was adjusted according to our institution's treatment algorithm until MTX level ≤0.1 µmol/L. A cost estimate was performed to assess the difference in costs for outpatient versus hypothetical inpatient administrations.ResultsOf the 97 ambulatory HDMTX administrations, 99% were successfully completed. One patient failed outpatient administration secondary to home infusion pump malfunction. This patient successfully completed subsequent courses as an outpatient. Most patients (72%) had a MTX level of <10 µmol/L at 24 hr post‐HDMTX. No patients were found to have a MTX level of >50 µmol/L at 24 hr. About 26% of courses were associated with grade III or IV neutropenia, 4% were associated with grade III or IV thrombocytopenia and 1% were associated with grade III/IV leukopenia. Compared to a hypothetical hospital inpatient stay, the hospital costs for ambulatory HDMTX were an average of $1400 less per cycle.ConclusionAmbulatory HDMTX administration among an underserved, urban population is safe, feasible, and cost‐effective. Pediatr Blood Cancer. 2010;55:1296–1299. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Recurrent pure CNS germinoma with markedly elevated serum and cerebrospinal fluid human chorionic gonadotropin‐beta (HCGβ)
Authors: Khatua Soumen , Phillips Andrew , Fangusaro Jason , Bovan Sally , Dhall Girish , Finlay Jonathan L. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractControversy continues regarding what level of serum and/or cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) human chorionic gonadotrophin‐beta (HCGβ) is consistent with pure germinoma of the central nervous system (CNS). We report a 10‐year female with biopsy‐proven pure germinoma and normal serum and CSF HCGβ who experienced subsequent biopsy‐proven recurrences of germinoma. At recurrence, serum and CSF HCGβ levels were 560 and 3,202 mIU/ml, respectively, although final autopsy demonstrated pure germinoma. This case illustrates the need to re‐evaluate the assumption that pathologically pure germinomas may be associated with high levels of HCGβ which are unrelated to nongerminomatous germ cell tumor (NGGCT)/choriocarcinomatous elements. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2011;56:863–864. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Benfluorex and valvular heart disease: a cohort study of a million people with diabetes mellitus
Authors: Weill Alain , Païta Michel , Tuppin Philippe , Fagot Jean‐Paul , Neumann Anke , Simon Dominique , Ricordeau Philippe , Montastruc Jean‐Louis , Allemand Hubert 
Published: October 2010

AbstractPurposeTo evaluate and quantify in diabetic patients treated with benfluorex in France, a fenfluramine‐derivated product, a possible increase in risk of valvular heart disease, previously suggested by several published case reports.MethodsThis was a French comparative cohort study using data from two large national linked databases, health insurance system (SNIIRAM) and hospitalization (PMSI). Patients aged 40–69 years with reimbursement for oral antidiabetic and/or insulin in 2006 were eligible. Exposed patients were defined as patients with at least one benfluorex reimbursement in 2006. Selected admission diagnoses of interest in 2007 and 2008 PMSI databases were valvular insufficiency for any cause, mitral insufficiency, aortic insufficiency, and valvular replacement surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass. Relative risks (RR) were adjusted on gender, age, and history of chronic cardiovascular disease.ResultsA total of 1 048 173 diabetic patients were included, with 43 044 (4.1%) exposed to benfluorex. The risk of hospitalization in 2007 and 2008 for any cardiac valvular insufficiency was higher in the benfluorex group: crude RR = 2.9 [95% confidence interval 2.2–3.7] and adjusted RR = 3.1 [2.4–4.0], with a lower risk for patients with lower cumulative dose of benfluorex. Adjusted RR for mitral insufficiency and aortic insufficiency admissions were 2.5 [1.9–3.7] and 4.4 [3.0–6.6], respectively. Adjusted RR for valvular replacement surgery was 3.9 [2.6–6.1].ConclusionsBenfluorex in diabetic patients was significantly associated with hospitalization for valvular heart disease in the 2 years following benfluorex exposure. Linkage between SNIIRAM and PMSI databases is in France a valuable tool to quantify the risk of serious adverse drug reactions. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Methods for drug safety signal detection in longitudinal observational databases: LGPS and LEOPARD
Authors: Schuemie Martijn J. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractPurposeThere is a growing interest in using longitudinal observational databases for drug safety signal detection, but most of the existing statistical methods are tailored towards spontaneous reporting. Here a sequential set of methods for detecting and filtering drug safety signals in longitudinal databases is presented.MethodLongitudinal GPS (LGPS) is a modification of the Gamma Poisson Shrinker (GPS) that uses person time rather than case counts for the estimation of the expected number of events. Longitudinal Evaluation of Observational Profiles of Adverse events Related to Drugs (LEOPARD) is a method that can be used to automatically discard false drug‐event associations caused by protopathic bias or misclassification of the dates of the adverse events by comparing prior event prescription rates to post event prescription rates. LEOPARD can generate a single test statistic, or a visualization that can be used for more qualitative information on the relationship between drug and event. Both methods were evaluated using data simulated using the Observational medical dataset SIMulator (OSIM), including the dataset used in the Observational Medical Outcomes Partnership (OMOP) cup, a recent public competition for signal detection methods. The Mean Average Precision (MAP) was used for performance measurement.ResultsOn the OMOP cup data, LGPS achieved a MAP of 0.245, and the combination of LGPS and LEOPARD achieved a MAP of 0.260, the highest score in the competition.ConclusionsThe sequential use of LGPS and LEOPARD have proven to be a useful novel set of methods for drug safety signal detection on longitudinal health records. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Multi‐responsive hydrogels based on N‐isopropylacrylamide and sodium alginate
Authors: Dumitriu Raluca P , Mitchell Geoffrey R , Vasile Cornelia 
Published: October 2010

AbstractHydrogels consisting of sodium alginate and N‐isopropylacrylamide covalently crosslinked with N,N′‐methylenebisacrylamide were prepared. The mixed‐interpenetrated networks obtained were characterized using elemental analysis, Fourier transform infrared and Raman spectroscopy, swelling measurements and environmental scanning electron microscopy. The thermo‐ and pH‐responsive properties of these hydrogels were evidenced by their swelling behaviour, which depended also on the amount of crosslinking agent and hydrogel composition. Copyright © 2010 Society of Chemical Industry
Synthesis and properties of copolymers of poly(ether ketone ketone) and poly(ether amide ether amide ether ketone ketone)
Authors: Jiang Jianwen , Ding Nengwen , Cai Mingzhong 
Published: October 2010

AbstractPoly(aryl ether ketone)s (PAEKs) are a class of high‐performance engineering thermoplastics known for their excellent combination of chemical, physical and mechanical properties, and the synthesis of semicrystalline PAEKs with increased glass transition temperatures (Tg) is of much interest. In the work reported, a series of novel copolymers of poly(ether ketone ketone) (PEKK) and poly(ether amide ether amide ether ketone ketone) were synthesized by electrophilic solution polycondensation of terephthaloyl chloride with a mixture of diphenyl ether and N,N′‐bis(4‐phenoxybenzoyl)‐4,4′‐diaminodiphenyl ether (BPBDAE) under mild conditions. The copolymers obtained were characterized using various physicochemical techniques. The copolymers with 10–35 mol% BPBDAE are semicrystalline and have markedly increased Tg over commercially available poly(ether ether ketone) and PEKK due to the incorporation of amide linkages in the main chain. The copolymers with 30–35 mol% BPBDAE not only have high Tg of 178–186 °C, but also moderate melting temperatures of 335–339 °C, having good potential for melt processing. The copolymers with 30–35 mol% BPBDAE have tensile strengths of 102.4–103.8 MPa, Young's moduli of 2.33–2.45 GPa and elongations at break of 11.7–13.2%, and exhibit high thermal stability and good resistance to organic solvents. Copyright © 2010 Society of Chemical Industry
Preparation and characterization of light‐cured methacrylate/montmorillonite nanocomposites
Authors: Mucci Verónica , Pérez Javier , Vallo Claudia I 
Published: October 2010

AbstractPolymer/clay nanocomposites were prepared from dimethacrylate monomers, commonly used in dental restorative resins, and an organically modified silicate (montmorillonite). The photopolymerization process was hardly affected by the presence of the silicate filler, and thus 2 mm thick samples containing 3 wt% clay were extensively cured. Transmission electron microscopy revealed that the montmorillonite platelets were either intercalated or exfoliated. Nevertheless, for all formulations, intermediate‐sized aggregates of about 1 µm were present and their fraction increased as the amount of filler increased. The presence of the clay was found to have no major effect on the flexural modulus and compressive yield strength of the nanocomposites. Moreover, the water uptake of nanocomposites containing 3 wt% clay was about 10–15% higher than that of unfilled monomers. Modification of the clay surface with alternative organic cations is certainly necessary in order to achieve an optimal dispersion of the clay in the polymer matrix. Copyright © 2010 Society of Chemical Industry
Recent developments in fuel‐processing and proton‐exchange membranes for fuel cells
Authors: Bai He , Ho WS Winston 
Published: October 2010

AbstractIn recent years, great progress has been made in the development of proton‐exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) for both mobile and stationary applications. This review covers two types of new membranes: (1) carbon dioxide‐selective membranes for hydrogen purification and (2) proton‐exchange membranes; both of these are crucial to the widespread application of PEMFCs. On hydrogen purification for fuel cells, the new facilitated transport membranes synthesized from incorporating amino groups in polymer networks have shown high CO2 permeability and selectivity versus H2. The membranes can be used in fuel processing to produce high‐purity hydrogen (with less than 10 ppm CO and 10 ppb H2S) for fuel cells. On proton‐exchange membranes, the new sulfonated polybenzimidazole copolymer‐based membranes can outperform Nafion® under various conditions, particularly at high temperatures and low relative humidities. Copyright © 2010 Society of Chemical Industry
A systems biology analysis of metastatic melanoma using in‐depth three‐dimensional protein profiling
Authors: Han Mee‐Jung , Wang Huan , Beer Lynn A. , Tang Hsin‐Yao , Herlyn Meenhard , Speicher David W. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractMelanoma is an excellent model to study molecular mechanisms of tumor progression because melanoma usually develops through a series of architecturally and phenotypically distinct stages that are progressively more aggressive, culminating in highly metastatic cells. In this study, we used an in‐depth, 3‐D protein level, comparative proteome analysis of two genetically, very closely related melanoma cell lines with low‐ and high‐metastatic potentials to identify proteins and key pathways involved in tumor progression. This proteome comparison utilized fluorescent tagging of cell lysates followed by microscale solution IEF prefractionation and subsequent analysis of each fraction on narrow‐range 2‐D gels. LC‐MS/MS analysis of gel spots exhibiting significant abundance changes identified 110 unique proteins. The majority of observed abundance changes closely correlate with biological processes central to cancer progression, such as cell death and growth and tumorigenesis. In addition, the vast majority of protein changes mapped to six cellular networks, which included known oncogenes (JNK, c‐myc, and N‐myc) and tumor suppressor genes (p53 and transforming growth factor‐β) as critical components. These six networks showed substantial connectivity, and most of the major biological functions associated with these pathways are involved in tumor progression. These results provide novel insights into cellular pathways implicated in melanoma metastasis.
Proteomic analysis of intestinal ischemia/reperfusion injury and ischemic preconditioning in rats reveals the protective role of aldose reductase
Authors: Liu Ke‐Xuan , Li Cai , Li Yun‐Sheng , Yuan Bao‐long , Xu Miao , Xia Zhengyuan , Huang Wen‐Qi 
Published: October 2010

AbstractIntestinal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury is a critical condition associated with high morbidity and mortality. Studies show that ischemic preconditioning (IPC) can protect the intestine from I/R injury. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms of this event have not been fully elucidated. In the present study, 2‐DE combined with MALDI‐MS was employed to analyze intestinal mucosa proteomes of rat subjected to I/R injury in the absence or presence of IPC pretreatment. The protein content of 16 proteins in the intestinal mucosa changed more than 1.5‐fold following intestinal I/R. These proteins were, respectively, involved in the cellular processes of energy metabolism, anti‐oxidation and anti‐apoptosis. One of these proteins, aldose reductase (AR), removes reactive oxygen species. In support of the 2‐DE results, the mRNA and protein expressions of AR were significantly downregulated upon I/R injury and enhanced by IPC as confirmed by RT‐PCR and western blot analysis. Further study showed that AR‐selective inhibitor epalrestat totally turned over the protective effect of IPC, indicating that IPC confers protection against intestinal I/R injury primarily by increasing intestinal AR expression. The finding that AR may play a key in intestinal ischemic protection might offer evidences to foster the development of new therapies against intestinal I/R injury.
Proteomics and systems biology to tackle biological complexity: Yeast as a case study
Authors: Alberghina Lilia , Cirulli Claudia 
Published: October 2010

AbstractIn this note we discuss how, by using budding yeast as model organism (as has been done in the past for biochemical, genetics and genomic studies), the integration of “omics” sciences and more specifically of proteomics with systems biology offers a very profitable approach to elucidating regulatory circuits of complex biological functions.
Proteomic analysis of the outer membrane of Protochlamydia amoebophila elementary bodies
Authors: Heinz Eva , Pichler Peter , Heinz Christian , op den Camp Huub J. M. , Toenshoff Elena Rebecca , Ammerer Gustav , Mechtler Karl , Wagner Michael , Horn Matthias 
Published: October 2010

AbstractChlamydiae are obligate intracellular bacteria, comprising some of the most important bacterial pathogens of animals and humans. During their unique developmental cycle they have to attach to and enter their eukaryotic host cells, a process mediated by proteins in the chlamydial outer membrane. So far the only experimental data for chlamydial outer membrane proteins are available from members of the Chlamydiaceae, a family comprising exclusively human and animal pathogens. To get further insights into the evolution of the protein composition of the chlamydial outer membrane and into host‐dependent differences, we performed an extensive experimental analysis of outer membrane fractions of Protochlamydia amoebophila elementary bodies, which constitute the infectious form of this non‐pathogenic member of the Chlamydiae that thrives as a symbiont in Acanthamoeba spp. We used 1‐D and 2‐DE in combination with MALDI‐TOF, MALDI‐TOF/TOF and nanoLC‐ESI‐MS/MS, and compared our experimental results with a previously published in silico analysis of chlamydial outer membrane proteins. This resulted in the identification of 38 proteins supported by both studies and therefore very likely to be located in the P. amoebophila outer membrane. The obtained experimental data provide the first comprehensive overview of outer membrane proteins of a chlamydial organism outside the Chlamydiaceae. They reveal both fundamental differences and convergent evolution between pathogenic and symbiotic chlamydiae.
2‐D DIGE analysis of the budding yeast pH 6–11 proteome in meiosis
Authors: Scaife Caitriona , Mowlds Peter , Grassl Julia , Polden Julie , Daly Catherine N. , Wynne Kieran , Dunn Michael J. , Clyne Rosemary K. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractMeiosis is the cell division that generates haploid gametes from diploid precursors. To provide insight into the functional proteome of budding yeast during meiosis, a 2‐D DIGE kinetic approach was used to study proteins in the pH 6–11 range. Nearly 600 protein spots were visualised and 79 spots exhibited statistically significant changes in abundance as cells progressed through meiosis. Expression changes of up to 41‐fold were detected and protein sequence information was obtained for 48 spots. Single protein identifications were obtained for 21 spots including different gel mobility forms of 5 proteins. A large number of post‐translational events are suggested for these proteins, including processing, modification and import. The data are incorporated into an online 2‐DE map of meiotic proteins in budding yeast, which extends our initial DIGE investigation of proteins in the pH 4–7 range. Together, the analyses provide peptide sequence data for 84 protein spots, including 50 single‐protein identifications and gel mobility isoforms of 8 proteins. The largest classes of identified proteins include carbon metabolism, protein catabolism, protein folding, protein synthesis and the oxidative stress response. A number of the corresponding genes are required for yeast meiosis and recent studies have identified similar classes of proteins expressed during mammalian meiosis. This proteomic investigation and the resulting protein reference map make an important contribution towards a more detailed molecular view of yeast meiosis.