bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
If it is adequate, it is not affordable: stakeholder perceptions on opportunities and constraints for pension reform in Indonesia
Authors: Bakroh David Syam Budi , Hiilamo Heikki 
Published: May 2024

PurposeThe purpose of the study is to emphasise the urgent need for pension policy reform within Indonesia’s social security system.Design/methodology/approachThe methodology employed in this research includes qualitative techniques such as in-depth interviews and thematic content analysis.FindingsThe findings suggest various measures for pension reform, including revising eligibility criteria, adjusting benefit designs to cover housing and transportation costs, promoting Defined Benefit Plans, enforcing compliance, addressing insufficient contributions, advocating for transparency, and aligning social assistance programs with pension system enhancements. However, there is a trade-off between the adequacy of pension benefits and the amount of resources required.Research limitations/implicationsThis study is limited by the need for more individuals knowledgeable about pension issues in Indonesia, primarily due to their high-ranking positions, making access challenging and potentially compromising the small sample size in research.Practical implicationsThe research underscores the importance of maintaining policy consistency. It proposes a gradual increase in pension contributions as a pivotal strategy to ensure sustained financial security for retirees, particularly in the face of fiscal constraints. Also, the government should undertake comprehensive reforms, encompassing the revision of eligibility criteria, adjustment of minimum benefit designs, encouragement of employer contributions and effective management of compliance issues.Social implicationsSocial implications emphasise the importance of enhancing the financial security of retirees within Indonesia’s ageing population.Originality/valueThe originality and value of the research lie in guiding pension reform from the viewpoint of key policymakers involved in Indonesia’s pension system.
Audience analytics and tensions in digital news work: evidence from Swiss news media
Authors: Omidi Afshin , Dal Zotto Cinzia , Picard Robert G. 
Published: May 2024

PurposeTracing audience preferences via audience analytics software has become a vital strategy for many news organizations to ensure their competitiveness in media markets. Extant research also confirms the growing presence of these tools in digital news work in recent years across many local and international news media. However, little is understood about the analytics-driven tensions emerging among journalists and media managers. This paper aims to address this gap by drawing on the labor process theory, which critically analyzes labor and workplace transformations under capitalism.Design/methodology/approachThe present study employs an interview-based qualitative methodology to deeply understand the factors at the base of the emerging tensions between news workers and managers brought about by audience metrics tools.FindingsResults show how some perceptions, activities and contextual triggers related to analytics could make relationships between workers and managers problematic. The pressures felt by some journalists stemmed from the way their media managers introduced, interpreted, communicated and applied analytics in the workplace, which were not tied to the quality and learning goals related to journalists’ aspirations. As our evidence suggests, the analytics-induced tensions among news workers were rather an outcome of managerial deficits than of systematic plans to exploit journalists.Originality/valueBy identifying the nature of fundamental analytics-driven tensions in newsrooms, this paper contributes to our understanding of how media managers can embrace more effective approaches toward audience analytics, workforce and organizational performance.
How female leadership and auditor affiliations shape audit fees: evidence from Egypt
Authors: El-Dyasty Mohamed M. , Elamer Ahmed A. 
Published: May 2024

Purpose
This study aims to examine how female directors on corporate boards and audit committees, and auditor affiliations (Big 4 versus Egyptian firms affiliated with foreign auditors), influence audit fees. This examination is driven by the global call for increased female representation in leadership roles and its potential implications for audit quality and financial transparency.

Design/methodology/approach
A sample of non-financial companies listed on the Egyptian Stock Exchange is used for the period 2011–2020. The authors used multivariate regression models, the Heckman two-stage and tokenism to support the analysis.

Findings
The results are threefold. First, this analysis reveals that female directors, whether on corporate boards or audit committees, are more likely to choose higher-quality audits in the form of high audit fees. Second, both Big 4 firms and Egyptian audit firms affiliated with foreign auditors are positively associated with audit fees and earn significant audit fee premiums. Third, a minor difference in audit fee premiums could be attributed to the existence of female directors.

Research limitations/implications
Future research may expand the analysis performed in this study by investigating the characteristics related to female directors (e.g. education, experience and age) on audit fees.

Practical implications
This study suggests insights for regulatory bodies, corporate decision-makers, auditors and corporate governance researchers. For instance, this study reveals that the Big 4 are not homogenous and provide different audit quality levels along with significant audit fee premiums.

Originality/value
This study extends and contributes to the growing literature on female representation in corporate leadership. First, this study adds to the limited research in Egypt by examining the effect of female board representation on audit quality. Second, this study adds to the extant literature on the gender of financial experts by demonstrating that female financial expert is more likely to demand high-quality audits. Finally, the results have significant implications for policymakers. For instance, this study reveals that the Big 4 are not homogenous and provide different audit quality levels along with significant audit fee premiums.
On-site colorimetric determination of pH in brackish water aquaculture
Authors: Devarayan Kesavan , Anandakumar Muthurani Deepika , Kannusamy Geetha , Theivasigamani Anand , Palanisamy Yazhiniyan , Mohan Gangeswar , Sukumaran Monikandon , Siluvai John Evon Umesh , Marimuthu Ramar , Anjappan Hema 
Published: May 2024

Purpose
This study aims to describe on-site determination of pH in aquaculture using a portable colorimeter.

Design/methodology/approach
A basic and inexpensive portable colorimeter having light sources of different wavelength has been optimized for the determination of pH. A chromic reagent is optimized to develop colors depending on different pHs. Then, the color is measured using portable colorimeter in terms of resistance. Using the resistance to absorbance relationship, the resistance values are converted to absorbance. The performance of the developed colorimetric system is compared with commercially available colorimeter and pH meter. Eighty brackish water aquaculture samples were tested using the developed colorimetric system to check its adaptability in aquaculture farms.

Findings
A chromic reagent optimized in this study exhibited linear relationship with the pH changes of pH standards. Portable colorimeter having three different light sources is optimized using this chromic agent for determination of pH. Colorimeter possessing yellow light revealed more linear results than the others. The developed colorimetric system determines the pH of aquaculture water with an accuracy of ±0.14 in comparison with commercial colorimeter at the pH range of 6.0−9.0.

Originality/value
pH plays a pivotal role in aquaculture, impacting not only productivity but also profitability. The colorimetric system introduced in this research is promising for pH measurement in the field of brackish water aquaculture. The on-site pH assessment facilitated by this colorimetric system holds significant potential for adoption within the aquaculture sector, owing to its precision, portability, simplicity of use and user-friendly nature.
Are the most attractive companies to work for more socially sustainable? The case of Spain
Authors: Cid-Bouzo Ana , Ferreiro-Seoane Francisco-Jesús , Ríos-Blanco Adrián 
Published: May 2024

Purpose
The best workplaces have been left out from the literature of social sustainability. These companies may cause a significant impact on society given their excellent human resources practices and the employer brand reputation derived from them. This study aims to fill this gap by analysing the social sustainability for the best organisations to work for in Spain.

Design/methodology/approach
Using data from an annual ranking for the best workplaces in Spain during 2013–2021, it is proposed to analyse critical social sustainability indicators, comparing organisations within and outside the ranking. Therefore, the authors ask whether companies from the ranking have greater female presence in CEO positions, generate more employment, pay higher salaries and contribute more to the public sector. Methodology comprehends descriptive, exploratory and inference techniques.

Findings
Although companies within the ranking achieve a higher score on it when the CEO is female, it does not translate into a greater female CEO presence with respect to companies outside the ranking. On the other hand, best workplaces achieve higher employment rates and pay higher salaries, almost all the time. Also, these excellent companies to work for generate more contributions to the public sector.

Originality/value
This research covers the relation between best human resources practices and social sustainability development, because the former is a great opportunity for pursuing the innovative and long-term policies necessary for the latter. Therefore, findings are valuable for managers and policymakers.
Women's rights under the Small House Policy in Hong Kong
Authors: Lu Sheng‐Yen 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis article investigates how the legislature and courts in Hong Kong have been struggling to tackle the sex discrimination created by the Small House Policy (SHP). Initially introduced in 1972, the SHP provides every male indigenous villager in the New Territories with a once‐in‐a‐lifetime housing grant, thereby excluding women from this benefit. Despite its discrimination against women, the SHP was still exempted from the New Territories Land (Exemption) Ordinance in 1994 and the Sex Discrimination Ordinance in 1995. In 2019, the judicial review of Kwok Cheuk Kin and Lui Chi Hang v The Director of Land declared that part of the SHP was unconstitutional. Still, this decision was overturned in the Court of Appeal and the Court of Final Appeal, which ruled that the SHP was constitutional in its entirety. This article examines the historical context of the SHP, discusses how the court has been interpreting and defining the SHP and, more importantly, investigates how British's indirect rule created a hostile legal environment for women and further relegated them to the groups of ‘double‐ colonised’ and ‘triple‐colonised’.
Age‐related and species‐specific methylation changes in the protein‐coding marmoset sperm epigenome
Authors: Dittrich Marcus , Bernhardt Laura , Penfold Christopher A. , Boroviak Thorsten E. , Drummer Charis , Behr Rüdiger , Müller Tobias , Haaf Thomas 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe sperm epigenome is thought to affect the developmental programming of the resulting embryo, influencing health and disease in later life. Age‐related methylation changes in the sperm of old fathers may mediate the increased risks for reproductive and offspring medical problems. The impact of paternal age on sperm methylation has been extensively studied in humans and, to a lesser extent, in rodents and cattle. Here, we performed a comparative analysis of paternal age effects on protein‐coding genes in the human and marmoset sperm methylomes. The marmoset has gained growing importance as a non‐human primate model of aging and age‐related diseases. Using reduced representation bisulfite sequencing, we identified age‐related differentially methylated transcription start site (ageTSS) regions in 204 marmoset and 27 human genes. The direction of methylation changes was the opposite, increasing with age in marmosets and decreasing in humans. None of the identified ageTSS was differentially methylated in both species. Although the average methylation levels of all TSS regions were highly correlated between marmosets and humans, with the majority of TSS being hypomethylated in sperm, more than 300 protein‐coding genes were endowed with species‐specifically (hypo)methylated TSS. Several genes of the glycosphingolipid (GSL) biosynthesis pathway, which plays a role in embryonic stem cell differentiation and regulation of development, were hypomethylated (<5%) in human and fully methylated (>95%) in marmoset sperm. The expression levels and patterns of defined sets of GSL genes differed considerably between human and marmoset pre‐implantation embryo stages and blastocyst tissues, respectively.
Multilevel sociality in the spotted hyaena: How to live in large groups without falling prey to the infertility trap
Authors: Dunbar R. I. M. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractSpotted hyaenas live in unusually large social groups for a carnivore. Since, all else equal, the ‘infertility trap’ (a negative relationship between fertility and the number of females in a group) limits social group sizes to ~5 reproductive females in mammals, hyaena must, like other very social species, have found a way to mitigate the stresses involved in order to do so. From a comparative analysis of data from 19 well‐studied Crocuta crocuta populations, I show (1) that the distribution of hyaena clan sizes is multimodal, with a fractal scaling ratio close to 3 and a base unit of 12–15 individuals (3–5 reproductive females), (2) that fertility is a negative function of number of females in the group and (3) that there is a trade‐off between the benefits of having more males in the group and the costs incurred by having more females. Although females do buffer themselves against the infertility trap by forming matrilineal alliances (thereby creating a primate‐like multilevel structure), males seem to play an important role, such that, in areas with a low density of males, clan sizes are much smaller.
Scandal at the Albrechtsburg: The Hoym–Lemaire affair and its impact on the early 18th‐century development of pigment technology at the Meissen Manufactory
Authors: Zumbulyadis Nicholas , Uffelman Erich S. , Fuchs Ron 
Published: May 2024

AbstractWe present portable X‐ray fluorescence data on the composition of body, glaze and enamels of several Meissen porcelain objects associated with the Hoym–Lemaire Affair (1728–1731). In 1728, the French merchant Rodolphe Lemaire convinced the Meissen Porcelain Manufactory into making copies of Japanese Kakiemon porcelain for sale as originals in Paris, a dubious enterprise that depended on the development of additional pigments closely emulating the Kakiemon palette. We shall illustrate how the color formulations for these objects, designed to imitate Japanese porcelain, differ from those on earlier porcelain from 1723–24, as well as later (mid‐18th century) objects. In all cases, the colorant chemistry can be related to special recipes introduced by Johann Gregorius Höroldt specifically for this purpose and preserved in the Meissen archives. A surprising observation is the absence of antimony or tin in the yellow colorant. As an ancillary finding, we have confirmed analytically for the first time that unmarked, undecorated Meissen porcelain in storage since prior to 1725 was decorated around 1730 and became part of the Hoym–Lemaire shipment.
Low caveolin‐1 levels and symptomatic intracranial haemorrhage risk in large‐vessel occlusive stroke patients after endovascular thrombectomy
Authors: Xie Yi , Wu Min , Li Yun , Zhao Ying , Chen Shuaiyu , Yan E. , Huang Zhihang , Xie Mengdi , Yuan Kang , Qin Chunhua , Zhang Xiaohao 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackground and purposeCaveolin‐1 (Cav‐1) is reported to mediate blood–brain barrier integrity after ischaemic stroke. Our purpose was to assess the role of circulating Cav‐1 levels in predicting symptomatic intracranial haemorrhage (sICH) amongst ischaemic stroke patients after endovascular thrombectomy (EVT).MethodsPatients with large‐vessel occlusive stroke after EVT from two stroke centres were prospectively included. Serum Cav‐1 level was tested after admission. sICH was diagnosed according to the Heidelberg Bleeding Classification.ResultsOf 325 patients (mean age 68.6 years; 207 men) included, 47 (14.5%) were diagnosed with sICH. Compared with patients without sICH, those with sICH had a lower concentration of Cav‐1. After adjusting for potential confounders, multivariate regression analysis demonstrated that the increased Cav‐1 level was associated with a lower sICH risk (odds ratio 0.055; 95% confidence interval 0.005–0.669; p = 0.038). Similar results were obtained when Cav‐1 levels were analysed as a categorical variable. Using a logistic regression model with restricted cubic splines, a linear and negative association of Cav‐1 concentration was found with sICH risk (p = 0.001 for linearity). Furthermore, the performance of the conventional risk factors model in predicting sICH was substantially improved after addition of the Cav‐1 levels (integrated discrimination index 2.7%, p = 0.002; net reclassification improvement 39.7%, p = 0.007).ConclusionsOur data demonstrate that decreased Cav‐1 levels are related to sICH after EVT. Incorporation of Cav‐1 into clinical decision‐making may help to identify patients at a high risk of sICH and warrants further consideration.
Dose escalation of biologic treatment in patients with moderate‐to‐severe psoriasis in Japan
Authors: Tada Yayoi , Soliman Ahmed M. , Ishii Kanako , Sakuma Ryuta , Pinter Andreas , Davis Matthew , Nunag Dominic , Buessing Marric , Puig Luis , Imafuku Shinichi 
Published: May 2024

AbstractPatients receiving interleukin (IL)‐inhibiting biologics for moderate‐to‐severe psoriasis (PsO) may be treated with escalated doses to optimize outcomes. This study evaluated escalation prevalence in a Japanese claims analysis of patients with PsO diagnosis preceding IL‐inhibiting biologic treatment and ≥1 post‐induction maintenance claim (index date) with sufficient data availability from January 2014 to May 2022. Patients with non‐persistence were excluded. Expected daily dose (EDD) was calculated as the recommended maintenance dose divided by the treatment interval. Dose escalation was defined as ≥2 claims showing a ≥20% increase in the observed average daily dose (ADD) over the EDD (with sensitivities requiring ≥1 claim and ≥30%). Significant differences were tested using multivariable regressions. The study included 982 unique patients treated with brodalumab (BRO; n = 104), guselkumab (GUS; n = 207), ixekizumab (IXE; n = 159), risankizumab (RIS; n = 135), secukinumab (SEC; n = 215) and ustekinumab (UST; n = 196). Within 12 months, dose escalation was observed for all IL‐inhibiting biologics other than GUS and RIS: 44.4% for UST, 37.2% for IXE, 3.4% for SEC and 1.4% for BRO. In multivariable‐adjusted analyses, odds of dose escalation were significantly lower for all products relative to UST. In sensitivities, escalation was observed for all products except RIS.
Dendritic cell–specific intercellular adhesion molecule‐3‐grabbing nonintegrin (DC‐SIGN) is a cellular receptor for delta inulin adjuvant
Authors: Stewart Erica L , Counoupas Claudio , Steain Megan , Ashley Caroline , Alca Sibel , Hartley‐Tassell Lauren , von Itzstein Mark , Britton Warwick J , Petrovsky Nikolai , Triccas James A 
Published: May 2024

AbstractDelta inulin, or Advax, is a polysaccharide vaccine adjuvant that significantly enhances vaccine‐mediated immune responses against multiple pathogens and was recently licensed for use in the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) vaccine SpikoGen. Although Advax has proven effective as an immune adjuvant, its specific binding targets have not been characterized. In this report, we identify a cellular receptor for Advax recognition. In vitro uptake of Advax particles by macrophage cell lines was substantially greater than that of latex beads of comparable size, suggesting an active uptake mechanism by phagocytic cells. Using a lectin array, Advax particles were recognized by lectins specific for various carbohydrate structures including mannosyl, N‐acetylgalactosamine and galactose moieties. Expression in nonphagocytic cells of dendritic cell–specific intercellular adhesion molecule‐3‐grabbing nonintegrin (DC‐SIGN), a C‐type lectin receptor, resulted in enhanced uptake of fluorescent Advax particles compared with mock‐transfected cells. Advax uptake was reduced with the addition of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid and mannan to cells, which are known inhibitors of DC‐SIGN function. Finally, a specific blockade of DC‐SIGN using a neutralizing antibody abrogated Advax uptake in DC‐SIGN–expressing cells. Together, these results identify DC‐SIGN as a putative receptor for Advax. Given the known immunomodulatory role of DC‐SIGN, the findings described here have implications for the use of Advax adjuvants in humans and inform future mechanistic studies.
A Survey of Monte Carlo Methods for Noisy and Costly Densities With Application to Reinforcement Learning and ABC
Authors: Llorente Fernando , Martino Luca , Read Jesse , Delgado‐Gómez David 
Published: May 2024

SummaryThis survey gives an overview of Monte Carlo methodologies using surrogate models, for dealing with densities that are intractable, costly, and/or noisy. This type of problem can be found in numerous real‐world scenarios, including stochastic optimisation and reinforcement learning, where each evaluation of a density function may incur some computationally‐expensive or even physical (real‐world activity) cost, likely to give different results each time. The surrogate model does not incur this cost, but there are important trade‐offs and considerations involved in the choice and design of such methodologies. We classify the different methodologies into three main classes and describe specific instances of algorithms under a unified notation. A modular scheme that encompasses the considered methods is also presented. A range of application scenarios is discussed, with special attention to the likelihood‐free setting and reinforcement learning. Several numerical comparisons are also provided.