bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Embracing broadscale applications of biometric technologies in hospitality and tourism
Authors: Mills Juline E. , Meyers Matthew , Byun Sookeun 
Published: October 2010

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to review viable biometric technologies and examine their applicability in the hospitality and tourism businesses.Design/methodology/approachFirst, the different types of biometrics in the market with their advantages and disadvantages are reviewed, followed by a discussion of current applications within the hospitality and tourism sector.FindingsPotential business impacts of biometrics are identified such as increased consumer convenience, operational efficiency, and security. Meanwhile, despite its great benefits, consumers' privacy concerns that are raised during biometric data collection and management processes may keep the technology from realizing its full potential.Research limitations/implicationsThe paper only presents a glimpse of what may be done with the technology, as the potential extent of its usage is bound only by management's imagination while the possibilities that the technology brings to industry may be numerous.Practical implicationsHospitality and tourism companies must have clear goals and logical approaches for usage and implementation of biometric technologies. They also need to be acutely aware of any privacy, guest perceptions, attitude towards, and trust factors that may surround the usage of biometric technologies. Moreover, corporate responsibility and ethical usage of the information obtained from biometrics may influence guest willingness to use the technology.Originality/valueThe paper has value in that there has been a lack of research on the impact of biometrics on the service industry, as well as user concerns towards the technology, rather than system development.
China's technological capability and Northeast Asian integration in electronics industry, 1974‐2000
Authors: Li Ning 
Published: October 2010

PurposeThis study investigates the evolutionary pattern of China's electronics industry and China's industrial integration into the Northeast Asian region from a historical perspective. The purpose is to shed some light on the catch‐up path of China's technological capabilities using some empirical evidence covering the period of 1974‐2000.Design/methodology/approachMarket share and the Finger‐Kreinin similarity index (FKSI) are used as measures to trace the path of catch‐up from both quantitative and structural perspectives and evidence is provided at the sectoral level. The Standard International Trade Classification (SITC) classification systems is adopted and FKSI values are derived from international trade data at both four‐digit SITC and sectoral levels.FindingsFirst, the take‐off points toward rapid progress of China's technological capability in different sectors happened not concurrently but in a sequentially manner. Second, as to structural evolution, the process of China's integration into the world market and the Northeast Asian region started in 1978 and the extent of integration has become higher and higher ever since. Until late 1990s, gaps between China and Japan and between China and Korea have been successfully narrowed in terms of comprehensiveness of export structure in electronics.Originality/valueThe period of 1974‐2000 saw the tremendous transition in China from a centralized and planned system into a market‐driven economy. It also saw several noteworthy shifts of China's industrial policy in order to build up its innovative capacity and to catch‐up with Japan and Korea. Unlike many other studies that deeply root in macroeconomic approach, this study traces the evolution of China's performance at the sectoral level by focusing on electronics industry. The findings of this paper are explained in terms of national industrial policy, location effects, and low‐cost sourcing.
Environment, network interactions and innovation performance of industrial clusters
Authors: Zhao Yan , Zhou Wen , Hüsig Stefan , Vanhaverbeke Wim 
Published: October 2010

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to categorize industrial clusters, and then compare three industrial clusters of three countries from the perspectives of hard environment, soft environment, factors from supply and demand sides, and the network mechanism.Design/methodology/approachData were collected through interview with cluster coordinators. Qualitative case studies were conducted.FindingsThe center of excellence behaves well in nearly all aspects, while the spatially narrowly distributed specific center of innovation mainly exploits benefits from its concentrated sector. For the Chinese comprehensive technology incubator, relatively limited geographical space and broad sectorial distribution endow it with unclear strengths, implying the inadequacy of interconnectedness and industry relatedness mentioned by Porter.Research limitations/implicationsData were collected mainly from cluster coordinators, implying further data collecting and more comprehensive analysis.Practical implicationsIt only makes sense to compare industrial clusters that are comparable with each other. Elements must be matched to facilitate the network interactions, and hence the innovation performance of clusters.Originality/valueThis paper contributes to the theoretical basis through it analyzing and clarifying the scales to measure industrial clusters, and answers the question: what is the situation of industrial clusters behaving in several aspects including hard environment, soft environment, supply, demand, network interactions and innovation performance?
Latecomer strategy to catch‐up
Authors: Zhang Wei , Shi Yongjiang , Wu Xiaobo 
Published: October 2010

PurposeThis paper aims to answer two research questions: what latecomer advantages and disadvantages they had, and what strategies they employed to utilize the advantages or to surmount the disadvantages.Design/methodology/approachAfter reviews of the literatures on latecomers' characteristics and the notable rise of Taiwanese thin‐film transistor liquid crystal display (TFT‐LCD) panel manufacturers in the global manufacturing contexts, this research project combined secondary industrial sector data analysis and individual company case study (AUO Ltd) approaches in order to build a conceptual framework and identify latecomers' (dis)advantages.FindingsThis paper advances the existing literature on latecomer advantages and disadvantages by reviewing the spectacular rise of Taiwanese TFT‐LCD panel manufacturers and reveals the importance of some unexplored source of latecomer advantage such as the competition dynamics which is proved to be vital for Taiwanese firms to successfully penetrate into the market. The paper finds the influence of technological regime and argues that the incremental technological advance rather than radical innovation provides latecomers with opportunity to utilize the learning curve effect. It has also discovered new forms of latecomer advantages, for example the free‐rider effect of improved equipment due to suppliers' own learning curve. This paper illustrates the necessity of adequate exploration on technology and product features to understand firms' strategic behaviors. Moreover, the subtle tactics found in this case study may enlighten other latecomers.Research limitations/implicationsThe study leaves a number of questions unanswered which warrant more attention. First, the theoretical arguments and experiences from this single case are not easily extendable to the other industries. Broader investigation should be helpful to discover the mechanism between latecomer advantage, strategy and performance. Second, the study of latecomer (dis)advantages and strategies should take the firm features into account to get a whole picture. Third, the examination of interactions between latecomer (dis)advantages and more detailed analytical framework are needed.Originality/valueAlthough latecomers' characteristics and strategies have been discussed for many years since Asia economy emerged, TFT‐LCD industry is a relatively new and fast growing industry. How can a latecomer play an important role in emerging industry growing phase? This is novel in contrast with classical latecomer's model in established industry.
From knowledge to product
Authors: Li Chen , Morgan Glenn 
Published: October 2010

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine the relationship between institutional change and commercialization of university research in China, the largest developing country during 1985‐2007 period.Design/methodology/approachThe findings are based on a comparative case study of two key Chinese universities. Both unstructured and semi‐interviews are utilized for the research.FindingsThere is still a gap between goals of institutional change and performances of commercializing university research, albeit improvements have also been observed over last two decades.Research limitations/implicationsOnly two universities are selected to approach the complex commercialization process, more cases are needed for further research.Practical implicationsExperience generated from this comparative study might be helpful for other developing countries to explore the appropriate paths to commercialize their research results.Originality/valueThree modes of commercialization proposed in the paper might help for cross‐country comparison research.
An empirical study on firm R&D team's creativity: implications from China's hi‐tech industries
Authors: Tang Chaoying 
Published: October 2010

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to analyse the influence approach between team leadership and research and develop (R&D) team creativity in one joint‐venture firm of Chinese hi‐tech industries.Design/methodology/approachData were collected from 14 R&D teams in one leading electronic joint‐venture firm in China based on questionnaires. Data were analyzed using hierarchical regression analysis to test the mediate effect of knowledge sharing on the relationship between leader's empowerment behavior and team creativity.FindingsThe results reveal that, after the effects of leader's empowerment behavior had been controlled, tacit knowledge sharing contributed significantly to the explained variance of team creativity, while the explicate knowledge sharing was not significantly affect the creativity. Thus, tacit knowledge sharing partially mediated the relationship between leader's empowerment behavior and team creativity. The limitations of this study include it just selects the self‐report questionnaire to do the data collection, and the samples just come from one company in China.Practical implicationsThis empirical study implicates that it is necessary for R&D team leader to manage team communication, such as management the team communication channel and work place, as team communication is the pre‐requirement of the team divergent thinking. Second, team leaders can use the empowerment behaviors to encourage team members do tacit knowledge sharing. This might be a challenge of Chinese R&D team leaders in the hi‐tech industries. It means instead of maintaining personal authority which is the traditional leadership behavior in China, R&D team leader should learn to do more empowering behavior to improve the team creativity.Originality/valueThis paper points out team communication is the important approach between team leader's empowering behavior and the team creativity under the merging contexts. Furthermore, it empirical finds that the tacit knowledge share rather than the explicit knowledge sharing has such mediation effect.
Event leveraging of mega sport events: a SWOT analysis approach
Authors: Karadakis Kostas , Kaplanidou Kiki , Karlis George 
Published: October 2010

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to identify the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats (SWOT) that a host city can experience to utilize these for future strategy planning and event leveraging.Design/methodology/approachFive phone interviews were conducted with administrators of the Athens Olympic Games. Respondents were asked four questions relating to the SWOT of hosting the Olympic Games. Responses collected were transcribed and analyzed using a content analysis.FindingsFindings suggest that the strengths lie in having certain infrastructures in place, volunteers, a strong economy and good political standing. Weaknesses stem from a lack of infrastructure, the size of the country, uncertain political and economic stability. Opportunities included the growth of the tourism industry, business developments, increase in the quality of life, the use of legacies post‐event, and the improvement and development of infrastructures. Threats included the cost of the event, pollution, relying on the event to rejuvenate the economy and the displacement of residents.Originality/valueThe SWOT analysis conducted in this paper laid the foundation for strategic planning for future host cities' organizers while taking into consideration the weaknesses and problems that have been experienced by the organization of former Olympic Games host cities. Moreover, the SWOT analysis conducted in this paper goes one step further by incorporating Chalip's leveraging model in order to identify what strengths and weaknesses need to be addressed in order for a host city to leverage the opportunities and threats of hosting a sport event.
The role of the media in influencing residents' support for the 2012 Olympic Games
Authors: Ritchie Brent W. , Shipway Richard , Monica Chien P. 
Published: October 2010

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine the influence of the media on residents's support of the London 2012 Olympic and Paralympic Games within the two respective communities of Weymouth and Portland in England and in doing so better understand what influences residents' support for mega events.Design/methodology/approachA quantitative methodology was employed using a systematic random sampling method. A drop and collect technique with self‐completion surveys was used. A total of 404 completed surveys were returned. Logistical regression was used to examine the influence of the media on overall event support.FindingsAlthough residents were supportive of hosting the event in the local area their overall support was influenced by their perceptions of the media portrayal. Those respondents who perceive the event portrayal as fair were much more in favour of hosting the event than other groups of respondents. The type of portrayal in the local media was not significant.Research limitations/implicationsThe nature of media exposure and attitudes toward the media were not examined. Future research is needed on how the media present and frame issues related to mega sport event hosting, and whether involvement or commitment influences residents' media perceptions and overall event support.Practical implicationsFairness in reporting appears to be a greater influencing factor than the type of media coverage (positive, negative, and neutral). This suggests the need for open communication of the costs as well as the benefits from event organisers and unbiased reporting from media sources.Originality/valueThis is one of the first studies to examine the influence of the media on residents' support for mega sporting events. It proposes future research directions to explore this neglected area.
Optimising the potential of mega‐events: an overview
Authors: Jago Leo , Dwyer Larry , Lipman Geoffrey , van Lill Daneel , Vorster Shaun 
Published: October 2010

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine the reasons that mega‐events rarely realise their potential for host destinations and to suggest issues that need to be addressed in rectifying this issue.Design/methodology/approachThe paper is based on a synthesis of the literature as well as the substantial event‐related experience of the authors.FindingsThe key reason that mega‐events do not generate the expected benefits for the host destination is that event organisers and destination managers adopt a short‐term perspective rather than seeing mega‐events as part of a long‐term strategy for the destination. Even the planned legacies are often not realised as resource constraints in the lead up to the staging of the event often results in resources being shifted away from planning for legacies and being allocated to helping cover the more immediate needs of the event.Research limitations/implicationsIf the mega‐event knowledge portal that is proposed in this paper to help improve the overall contribution that mega‐events make to host destinations is developed, it will prove to be a fertile source of data for longitudinal research in the field of mega‐events.Originality/valueAs so many mega‐events fail to deliver the expected benefits for the host destination, this paper provides some useful insights into the key issues that need to be addressed in order to help overcome this problem.
Setting parameters: operational budget size and allocation of resources
Authors: Smith Wayne W. , Litvin Stephen W. , Canberg Andrea , Tomas Stacy R. 
Published: October 2010

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to determine how festivals allocated their funds among various expense categories.Design/methodology/approachFestival managers from across North and South Carolina were asked to specify the percentages of their expense budgets allocated to each of the following categories: marketing, administrative, entertainment and operations.FindingsIt was found that “smaller” festivals spend a significantly greater proportion of their budgets on marketing (23 percent) and a far smaller share on administrative expenditures (5 percent) than do their “larger” counterparts that spend only 15 percent on marketing and triple the “smaller” festival's administrative costs (15 percent). The differences related to their spending for entertainment (35 versus 28 percent) and operations (36 versus 41 percent) are not as dramatic in relation to their proportion of total spending. The data herein suggest that festival size plays an important role when it comes to such allocations.Originality/valueThe paper has provided benchmarks that hopefully will assist festival directors' budget‐decision‐making strategies as they allow a measure with which to evaluate those decisions. While the research needs to be interpreted with great care due to its relatively small sample size and broad budgetary categorizations, the findings provide a guide to assist festival organizers as they manage their events for the benefit of their stakeholders and the communities that support them. The paper also provides a starting point for future research in this area, much of which is needed.
Talent management in professional services firms: a HR issue?
Authors: Calvo Babío Nuria , García Rodríguez Rafael 
Published: October 2010

PurposeAn increasing number of organizations are concerned with the internal management of talent. Over recent years there has been a proliferation of studies which attempt to quantify the value of the intangible assets held at a company, while human resource practices have taken on strategic significance for organizations, leading to a direct connection between the management of professionals and the achievement of the company's goals. The paper aims to address these issues.Design/methodology/approachIn response to the strategic need to maintain a distinctive offering of talent within the marketplace of professional services companies, a dynamic simulation tool has been devised and used to analyze those policies which allow the flow of professionals to be adjusted in order for a company to fulfill market expectations in the event of different demand scenarios.FindingsAs a result of the analysis performed, the paper observed that a lack of flexibility within the organization tended to lead to a reduction in potential intellectual capital, and increased excess workload, together with a decline in the company's competitiveness within the marketplace, as seen in a drop in its level of corporate attractiveness.Originality/valueBy using scenarios, human resource (HR) managers can learn how to balance market demands and HR needs, considering the dynamic of organizational issues. According to the results obtained, the use of dynamic simulation models, like the one developed in this project, can improve the HR planning strategy in professional services firms.
A civil contingencies agency management system for disaster aid: a theoretical model
Authors: Nilsson Sofia , Sjöberg Misa , Larsson Gerry 
Published: October 2010

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to develop a deeper theoretical understanding of a civil contingencies agency that, as part of its ordinary task, executes humanitarian aid and rescue operations following disasters in an international milieu, from a management perspective.Design/methodology/approachThe approach taken is a qualitative interview study using a grounded theory approach to analysis.FindingsA theoretical model was developed consisting of a hierarchical system of codes, categories, and superior categories. One superior category labelled underlying conditions consists of factors influencing the operative organisation abroad, such as political rule, availability of financiers, and the everyday activities of the organisation. Another superior category labelled the operation contains the dimension of time (before, during, and after the operation). Two core variables underlying rationale and resource structure of the operation were identified, whereby underlying rationale may be efficiency and humanity‐related, whilst the resource structure of the operation consists of person‐related qualities and physical, administrative, and material‐logistic‐related qualities. A cross‐tabulation of these two core variables is the most developed part of the model.Research limitations/implicationsIn terms of providing evidence, the theoretical model has limited value, as it has been developed through a qualitative grounded theory approach. Thus, there is a need to test its universal applicability.Practical implicationsThe findings may serve as a starting point for a better understanding of civil contingencies agencies from a management perspective and as such provide a theoretical instrument of analysis for improved humanitarian aid and rescue operations.Originality/valueThe theoretical model of a civil contingencies agency management system for disaster aid executing humanitarian aid and rescue operations within the frames of supranational or international organisations in an international milieu is new and can be regarded as a context‐specific contribution to complex system theory of organisations.