bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Depth diagnostic mesophotic assemblages in the Northern Red Sea (Saudi Arabia) as analog to the Cenozoic fossil record
Authors: Westphal Hildegard , Marchese Fabio , Giovenzana Francesca , Mateu Vicens Guillem , Brandano Marco , Bracchi Valentina A. , Vimercati Silvia , Vahrenkamp Volker , Kanamatsu Toshiya , Petrovic Alexander 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
While mesophotic assemblages in the Gulf of Aqaba have been described in some detail, in the Red Sea proper, data are rare. Here we present a first report on a detached carbonate platform fragment from the Northern Red Sea off Al Wajh that stretches over a water depth range of 25 to 130 m. The assemblages observed comprise depth-typical large benthic foraminifers, crustose coralline algae, and mesophotic scleractinian corals (e.g., Leptoseris spp.). Encrusting bryozoans and foraminifers are abundant. A soft sediment cover in the deeper areas indicates the absence of strong currents. Radiocarbon ages confirm that this community is currently thriving. This example resembles the previously known occurrences of mesophotic reefs in the Gulf of Aqaba with respect to assemblage despite different oceanographic conditions. At the same time, it reminds of Cenozoic, in particular pre-Upper Miocene (i.e., before 8.5 million years ago), coral-associated assemblages, when coral bioherms preferentially occurred in mesophotic rather than euphotic settings. The present study thus contributes to improving the interpretation of those fossil bioherms with respect to their ecosystem dynamics and environmental significance.
Low rate of rescue epidural analgesia after open colorectal surgery with intrathecal morphine: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: de Brun Sebastian , Chabok Abbas , Engdahl Malin , Östberg Erland 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Purpose
The use of intrathecal morphine in open colorectal surgery has been limited despite being a promising analgesic alternative used in other types of open abdominal surgery. Intrathecal morphine has a higher success rate than thoracic epidural analgesia, the current standard method of analgesia in open colorectal surgery. Intrathecal morphine is occasionally used in open colorectal surgery when thoracic epidural analgesia placement fails and in instances when patients receive intrathecal morphine for a planned laparoscopic surgical procedure which is converted to laparotomy intraoperatively. This retrospective single-centre cohort study aimed to evaluate outcomes after intrathecal morphine in patients undergoing open colorectal surgery.

Methods
All patients who received intrathecal morphine before open colorectal surgery at a secondary hospital in Sweden between 2016 and 2020 were included. Routinely collected data from the Swedish PeriOperative Registry and patients’ medical records were reviewed, and data regarding postoperative outcomes including the incidence of postoperative rescue thoracic epidural analgesia and adverse events were extracted.

Results
In total, 108 patients were included with a median age of 74 years. Four patients (4%) received rescue thoracic epidural analgesia postoperatively, and the median hospital length of stay was 8 days. The median intrathecal morphine dose was 200 µg. Respiratory complications occurred in two patients (2%).

Conclusion
The incidence of rescue thoracic epidural analgesia after intrathecal morphine in open colorectal surgery was low, and there were few adverse events. The results suggest that intrathecal morphine could be a viable alternative for postoperative pain management in open colorectal surgery.
Histological study on the postnatal development of the nerve network in the rat ileal mucosa and submucosa
Authors: Morishita Rinako , Nakanishi Satoki , Yokoyama Toshifumi , Hoshi Nobuhiko , Mantani Youhei 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
We have previously reported detailed structures of the mucosal nerve network in the rat ileum, but the mechanisms underlying the development of this nerve network remain unclear. Therefore, we aimed to clarify the developmental process of the mucosal nerve network and submucosal neurons (SM-neurons) or ganglia (SMG), which are the main source of nerve fibers projected to the mucosa, in the rat ileum during the postnatal period. Immunohistochemistry against tubulin beta III (Tuj1) revealed that Tuj1-immunopositivities were more abundant in the lamina propria at 2 weeks old (2wk; pre-weaning) than at postnatal day 0 (P0) or 4 weeks old (4wk; post-weaning) and more frequent on the mesenteric side than on the antimesenteric side at 2wk. Hu antigen D (HuD)-immunopositive SM-neurons and SMG were also more abundantly localized on the mesenteric side than the antimesenteric side at P0 and 2wk. On the other hand, cells immunopositive for SRY-related HMG-box 10 (Sox10), which is the marker for enteric nervous system progenitor cells and enteric glial cells, were homogenously scattered in the submucosa throughout the entire circumference at all ages. Glial cell marker S100 calcium-binding protein B (S100β) in the submucosa was detected at all ages without any significant difference between the mesenteric and antimesenteric sides. These findings indicate that SMG formation and associated neurite extension into the mucosa in the rat ileum might occur preferentially on the mesenteric side by the weaning period, leading us to hypothesize that the mechanism by which the mucosal nerve network and SMG develop differs along the mesenteric–antimesenteric side axis.
Toward the development of a specific non-enzymatic amperometric sensor for determining uric acid in fermentation samples
Authors: Butyrskaya E. V. , Zolotukhina E. V. , Herbeck-Engel P. , Koch M. , Silina Y. E. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The development is proposed of a specific non-enzymatic amperometric sensor based on electrodeposited copper nanoparticles (Cu-NPs) for the determination of uric acid (UA) in fermentation samples. Through optimization of the Cu-NPs-containing sensing layer, it was demonstrated that copper(II)-induced oxidation (catalytic effect) in the presence of molecular oxygen is more effective for determining UA than the adsorption of UA on Cu and Cu-oxide surfaces. More importantly, simply changing the sensing layer’s surface chemistry by increasing the defect CuxOy on the surface of Cu-NPs after heating at 70 °C for only 20 min significantly improved the specificity of UA determination in both model and real fermentation samples (viz. supernatants of S. cerevisiae and E. coli). This study can be used as a guideline for the future assembly of functional electrodeposited sensing layers for the specific determination of target electroactive bioanalyte(s).

Graphical abstract
Use of intraoperative ultrasound in differentiating adamantinomatous versus papillary craniopharyngiomas and guiding resection through the endoscopic endonasal route
Authors: Biswas Chandrima , Abouammo Moataz D. , Pasquini Ludovica , Mansur Guilherme , Alsavaf Mohammad Bilal , Wu Kyle C. , Carrau Ricardo L. , Prevedello Daniel M. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Craniopharyngiomas (CPs) are surgically challenging tumors. The prevalence of BRAF mutation in papillary craniopharyngioma (PCP) and the positive response with BRAF-MEK inhibitors have shifted the treatment paradigm towards targeted therapy. However, maximal safe resection remains the goal, particularly for adamantinomatous craniopharyngioma (ACP). In this report, we describe two cases of CP where intraoperative ultrasonography (IOUS) was helpful in differentiating the subtype of CP, thus enabling intraoperative decision-making regarding the extent of resection. Additionally, IOUS images of three more (two PCP and one ACP) patients who underwent endoscopic endonasal resection for CPs were retrospectively evaluated. Each of these entities showed characteristic appearances on IOUS.
Stress distribution and deflection of symmetric tapered beams
Authors: Schoeftner Juergen 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This paper discusses stress distributions and deflections of tapered beams. Assuming the elementary axial stress distribution and applying Jourawski theory, the shear stress is calculated. In an analogous manner, the transverse normal stress is computed. In contrast to prismatic beams, the shear and the transverse normal stress do not vanish over the surfaces if the beam height varies, even if surface tractions are not present. Their values also depend on the tapering angle and the axial stress at the boundary. Then analytical expressions for the deflections are computed by applying Castigliano’s second theorem and considering a fictitious (dummy) force. The complementary strain energy is computed from the derived stress relations as a function of the real load and the dummy forces and moments. Taking the partial derivative with respect to the dummy force, the analytical results for the axial and vertical deflections are calculated. The outcome of the derived tapered beam model is compared to elementary results from Bernoulli-Euler and Timoshenko. The target solutions are obtained by two-dimensional finite element calculations for a tapered cantilever and a clamped-hinged beam subjected to various loads. It is shown that both the shear stress and also the transverse normal stress are correctly predicted by the new method and the deflections computed by Castigliano’s theorem are in a very good agreement with numerical solutions. Errors are significantly reduced compared to the errors of the Timoshenko solution.
Water and electrolyte abnormalities in novel pharmacological agents for kidney disease and cancer
Authors: Terashita Maho , Yazawa Masahiko , Murakami Naoka , Nishiyama Akira ,   Electrolyte Winter Seminar Collaborative Group, Fujimaru Takuya , Fujita Yoshiro , Hirose Kazuhito , Kawada Kyogo , Monkawa Toshiaki , Nagahama Masahiko , Ogata Masatomo , Ryuge Akihiro , Shibagaki Yugo , Shimizu Hideaki , Sumi Hirofumi , Tominaga Naoto 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This review article series on water and electrolyte disorders is based on the ‘Electrolyte Winter Seminar’ held annually for young nephrologists in Japan. This is the third article in this series that focuses on water and electrolyte disturbances caused by novel pharmacological agents for kidney disease and cancer. The advent of novel pharmacological agents in cardiorenal medicine and oncology has introduced both therapeutic benefits and challenges in managing medication-induced water and electrolyte disturbances. These medications, including sodium–glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors, non-steroidal mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (ns-MRAs), and immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), significantly impact water and electrolyte homeostasis. SGLT2 inhibitors used widely in diabetes mellitus, heart failure, and chronic kidney disease mitigate hyperkalemia and hypomagnesemia but increase the risk of hypernatremia in patients on fluid restriction. Conversely, they are beneficial for managing hyponatremia in the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuresis (SIAD). ns-MRAs, prescribed for diabetic kidney disease, exhibit a high risk of hyperkalemia, particularly when combined with renin–angiotensin system inhibitors. ICIs, a breakthrough in oncology, frequently induce hyponatremia through immune-related adverse events, such as hypophysitis and non-immune-related adverse events like SIAD. Understanding the pathophysiology of these disturbances and implementing timely interventions, including hormone replacement and water and electrolyte management, is critical for optimizing treatment outcomes.
Transoral parathyroidectomy in primary hyperparathyroidism—initial results of the European TOETVA/TOEPVA Study Group
Authors: Karakas Elias , Arikan Melisa ,   European TOETVA/TOEPVA Study group, Karakas Elias , Arikan Melisa , Scheuba Christian , Riss Philipp , Nikiforos Theocharis , Schopf Stefan , Klein Günther , Hummel Bianca , Schardey Martin , Busch Peter , Hermann Michael , Grabner Thomas , Makay Özer , Özdemir Murat , Karimov Ziya , Dionigi Gianlorenzo , Casaril Andrea 
Published: February 2025

Summary

Background
New surgical technologies inevitably require scrutiny. With the increasing introduction of transoral endoscopic thyroidectomy via vestibular access (TOETVA), it is imperative to also define the procedure for the parathyroid glands to ensure the clinically safe introduction and use of the transoral endoscopic parathyroidectomy vestibular approach (TOEPVA). This study aimed to evaluate this technique in preoperatively localized solitary parathyroid adenomas, which seem to be appropriate targets for transoral surgery due to their small size and the expected simplicity of removal via transoral access within the European Transoral Endoscopic Para‑/Thyroidectomy Vestibular Approach Study Group.

Methods
This study included patients who underwent TOEPVA between February 2016 and February 2023 at seven European high-volume tertiary referral centers. Patients with sporadic primary hyperparathyroidism, with positive preoperative localization, and without previous neck surgery or radiation were included. The data were analyzed regarding the use of preoperative localization procedures, success rates, duration of surgery, complications, and type of specimen collection.

Results
Overall, 29 (90.6%) patients underwent pure TOEPVA. In 3 (9.4%) patients, TOEPVA was combined with hemithyroidectomy. Cervical ultrasound (US) was performed for all 32 patients and yielded a positive result. Tc99m sestamibi scintigraphy with single-positron-emission computed tomography (SPECT) was performed for 30 (93.8%) patients. Choline positron-emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) was performed for 4 (12.5%) patients with positive results. The mean operative time was 102 ± 46.9 (range 40–260) min. The success rate was 100% on the first postoperative day. One (3.1%) patient had recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy. Conversion to open surgery, revision surgery, or local infection did not occur. At discharge, 2 (6.3%) patients had local swelling, 3 (9.4%) had discoloration in the chin area, and 1 (3.1%) patient had local sensory disturbance but no motor deficit.

Conclusion
This is the first European report on TOEPVA presented by the European TOETVA/TOEPVA Study Group. In accordance with the results of other study groups, our results show that TOEPVA performed by experienced endocrine surgeons is a safe alternative to conventional surgery, with results, complication rates, and success rates comparable with and equal to focused conventional parathyroid surgery in localized primary hyperparathyroidism. However, further experience and studies are needed to confirm the clinical benefit of this technique.
Metacognitive Beliefs and Body Image: Developing and Validating the Metacognitions About Physical Appearance Questionnaire
Authors: Kannis-Dymand Lee , Rune Karina , Mitchell Nicola , Carter Janet D. , Keech Jacob , Allen Andrew , Mulgrew Kate , Tod David , Lovell Geoff P. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Appearance beliefs may negatively impact body image and psychological wellbeing. Accordingly, this study aimed to develop the Metacognitions about Physical Appearance Questionnaire (MPAQ).

Method
An initial 30-items were formulated after thematic analysis of clinicians’ (N = 23) reports regarding appearance-based metacognitive beliefs and feedback from laypeople. A cross-sectional design across two non-clinical samples (Sample 1 N = 370, M
age = 39.36, 79% female; Sample 2 N = 463, M
age = 30.88, 81% female) was then used to determine the factor structure, reliability, and validity of the MPAQ.

Results
Initial factor analyses supported a reduced 20-item MPAQ across two subscales (positive and negative beliefs about worry or rumination on physical appearance). Correlated residuals and cross-loadings detected with confirmatory factor analysis further reduced the MPAQ to 15 items (seven for positive, eight for negative). Reliability and convergent, discriminant, and incremental validity of the MPAQ-15 were supported in both samples.

Conclusion
The current study provides preliminary support for the MPAQ as a reliable and valid measure of metacognitions about physical appearance. The measure may be beneficial for researchers and clinicians working with individuals with body image concerns. Further psychometric evaluation of the MPAQ is recommended, including test-retest reliability and validation of the measure in diverse populations.
EC-STM Noise Analysis for an Accurate Distinction of Electrocatalytic Surface Domains under Reaction Conditions
Authors: Deville Lewin V. , Liao Qingdian , Bautista Rodrigo , Bandarenka Aliaksandr S. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
With increasing CO2 pollution, the environment around us changes, necessitating our adaptation to these new conditions. A significant milestone in solving the environmental crisis would be the so-called hydrogen economy. However, this concept still faces substantial challenges as the required catalytic reactions show sluggish efficiency behaviors. To develop new generations of active electrocatalysts for those reactions better understanding of the nature of active sites is required. In 2017, Pfisterer et al. [1] demonstrated the power of tunneling current-noise analysis in electrochemical scanning tunneling microscopy (n-EC-STM) to detect active centers under reaction conditions. In this work, a new analytical tool has been developed to further enhance the distinction of active domains on catalytic surfaces. Additionally, an “activity curve” is introduced to achieve enhanced data representation. Several illustrative examples related to the reactions important for energy provision are presented.
A Review of Recent Advances in the Understanding of Thermomechanical Fatigue Durability and Failure Mechanisms in Nickel-Based Superalloys
Authors: Moverare J. , Lancaster R. J. , Jones J. , Stekovic S. , Whittaker M. T. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Nickel-based superalloys operate primarily in high-temperature environments where their unique microstructure provides operational capability far in excess of many other engineering materials. As such these materials often operate in applications where thermal cycles occur alongside mechanical fatigue, giving rise to the phenomenon of thermo-mechanical fatigue (TMF). The field of study of TMF has historically been limited due to the need for improved experimental methods to replicate in-service cycles appropriately and provide usable data for component lifing. With the development of international test standards the field has developed rapidly over the past two decades and this paper seeks to review the recent work in the field in the areas of both single crystal and polycrystalline materials to provide a state of the art summary of the current position of the field related to durability and failure mechanisms.
Factors Affecting Histological Gastric Wall Thickness in Japanese Patients with Obesity
Authors: Endo Yuichi , Orimoto Hiroki , Nakamura Shun , Miyoshino Wataru , Nagasawa Yuiko , Kawano Yoko , Takayama Hiroomi , Masuda Takashi , Hirashita Teijiro , Inomata Masafumi 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) has become a widely utilized surgical procedure for losing weight since its approval for insurance coverage in Japan in 2014. Its efficacy has been demonstrated by research, but data concerning gastric wall thickness following surgery remain unavailable. Hence, this study aimed to measure gastric wall thickness in resected, formalin-fixed specimens and explore the influence of obesity-related comorbidities on these measurements.

Methods
This prospective study included 53 patients undergoing bariatric surgery at Oita University Hospital. Full-layer thickness (FLT) and muscle-layer thickness (MLT) in the antrum, body, and fornix of resected gastric specimens were measured. Data on patient demographics, comorbidities, and surgical procedure were also collected and analyzed using JMP software. Furthermore, associations between gastric wall thickness and patient factors were assessed.

Results
The mean FLT in the antrum, body, and fornix was 2.9, 2.6, and 2.3 mm, with corresponding MLT of 1.2, 1.0, and 0.9 mm, respectively. The antrum exhibited the thickest gastric wall, whereas the fornix was the thinnest. Diabetes mellitus (DM) was associated with decreased MLT in the fornix, and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) affected both FLT and MLT in the antrum.

Conclusions
Comorbidities such as DM and OSA significantly influence gastric wall thickness, particularly in the antrum and fornix. Understanding these variations is critical for optimizing surgical techniques and selecting the right stapler in LSG.
Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Combined with Multivariate Analysis for the Geographical Origin Traceability of New Zealand Hops
Authors: Fanning Emily , Eyres Graham T. , Frew Russell , Kebede Biniam 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The increased demand for hops with distinctive aromas by the craft brewing industry has elevated the risk of fraudulent activities linked to their origin. Given the significant rise in food fraud and consumers’ growing attention to origin transparency, there is a need for rapid authentication methods to verify origin. This study employed near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy combined with multivariate data analysis for the geographical origin traceability of New Zealand hops at the regional and farm levels. Three hop cultivars were collected from eight farms in the Tasman region of New Zealand. Additionally, six cultivar pairs were compared between the Tasman and Central Otago regions. The raw NIR spectra were preprocessed, and partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) was employed for classification. The Suderdelic™ cultivar displayed the highest separation between the farms, with each sample forming distinct groups without any overlap. The Nectaron® cultivar displayed three primary clusters, while the Nelson Sauvin™ cultivar illustrated the least variation between farm origins. The regional samples PLS-DA classification model revealed genetics as the dominant factor, where the samples from the same cultivar were positioned close to each other. Interestingly, an apparent location effect emerged in the third dimension of the PLS-DA model. This study demonstrated the potential of NIR spectroscopy combined with multivariate data analysis to rapidly classify hop samples by their geographical origin at different scales (farms and regions), thereby aiding in the prevention and detection of food fraud related to origin.
Forensic considerations in cases of fatal constipation
Authors: Byard Roger W , Langlois Neil E I , Tiemensma Marianne 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Constipation is characterized by persistent difficulty in defecating. It is a common disorder in the community particularly affecting the elderly and those with intellectual disabilities and neuropsychiatric disorders. It is also caused by numerous medications including analgesic, antidepressant, antihypertensive and anticholinergic agents. It may be asymptomatic or it may produce abdominal pain/cramps, bloating, nausea and anorexia progressing to urinary incontinence and fecal impaction, or paradoxical diarrhea due to overflow. A wide range of mechanisms associated with constipation may result in death including bowel obstruction, stercoral colitis with ulceration, perforation and peritonitis, respiratory compromise, abdominal compartment syndrome and venous thrombosis with pulmonary thromboembolism. Constipation may exacerbate pre-existing diseases and treatments such as laxative and enemas may be lethal. The autopsy examination of a case with constipation and megacolon should take into account all of the pre-existing conditions, as well as the possibility of underlying disorders such as Hirschprung disease. Review of the decedent’s medical and drug history and level of supportive care will be important. Toxicological evaluations may be useful.