bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Estimation of XCO2 in Rice and Sugarcane Crops with an Ensemble of Wofost and Random Forest
Authors: Laurito Henrique Fontellas , Silva Thaís Rayane Gomes da , Scala Newton La , Panosso Alan Rodrigo , Rolim Glauco de Souza 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

The concentration of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the air is one of the main factors affecting climate change, which can impact climate zoning and, consequently, agricultural production, affecting food security and the quality of life of people, especially the most vulnerable. Therefore, it is important to monitor and estimate this quantity in agricultural areas. Thus, this study used productivity data (1984–2022) from rice (Oryza sativa) and sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum) areas, from the main producing regions of Brazil, under the hypothesis that the daily XCO2 could be estimated from the ensemble of the WOFOST and Random Forest (RF) models, using remote sensing data as a source of measured XCO2. The results confirmed the hypothesis, with high accuracy (R² > 0.75) for the models under sugarcane and rice cultivation, respectively. The daily total gross assimilation (DTGA) has a negative correlation with the calculated CO2 measured in the atmosphere (ρ=- 0.45, p-value < 0.001). The DTGA profile did not change throughout the historical series. Key factors influencing XCO2 estimates were identified, including water stress and vegetation parameters for sugarcane, and radiation and leaf area for rice. This work contributed to the understanding that climate impacts can exert on agroecosystems, with a focus on XCO2.
Coal Sample Preparation Strategy using the TENCAN GQM series Ball Milling device.
Authors: Gaesenngwe Gaesenngwe , RAGHUPATRUNI PRASAD , MAMVURA TIRIVAVIRI , Danha Gwiranai 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

The application of Semi Autogenous Grinding strategy in mineral beneficiation engineering is well defined and established unit design method that is qualified for liberation of valuable of quality products from numerous rock ores of metals, coal seam, kimberlite ores etc. The TENCAN GQM series Ball Mill equipment was deployed throughout our investigation to investigate on optimum setting factors that are crucial and influential in achieving effective product quality outcome during coal beneficiation by milling operation. Therefore, a Semi-autogenous milling strategy was taken advantage of for the grinding activity that involved five (5) different coal samples and the optimum product stream in the particle size range between [−600μm, +38μm] was researched by an optimized procedure that syndicate three(3) control parameters being the {A − powder filling (fc), B − ball loading (JB) and C − residence time or grinding duration (t)}. Moreover, to understand the grinding kinetics and particle dynamics during interaction that yield a coal mass stream at desirable particle size relevant for target manufacturing companies is of profound interest in our study. Therefore, initially the acquired sample material was gently prepared using splitter equipment, sieve plates and the coal composition was analysed via Thermogravimetric machine and the Proximate results were acquired. To establish contrast amongst the samples, in compositional and coal formational morphology, hardness, and the relative abundance of occurring species were deployed as key factors that influenced the comminution patterns obtained from the trials. Samples that were initially collected assorted in particle sizes classification in a fully heterogenous format grouped as run-of-mine coals (−200mm), Cobbles (−75mm, +40mm), Nuts (−40mm, +25mm), Peas (−32mm, +14mm) and fines (−14mm), scaling via the laboratory sieve standard specifications. However, the acquired coal species were initially subjugated to a hardness testing using the Hardgrove grindability Index device that reported a variable coal grindability index value with material hardness increased from Nuts (60.37), Cobbles (64.58), ROM (66.84), Fines (66.99) to Peas (67.37) which are soft compared to other coal samples. Process engineers, researchers and students in different organizations studying metallurgy and coal beneficiation etc., must be informed about factors affecting coal material preparation innovations and the health-safety risk encounter by the mineral engineer personal during handling and processing. Moreover, production efficacy is significantly improved through adopting optimized model functions that accurately increase the product recovery at lower power rating for the cumulative production path hence relevantly reducing the cost(s) exacerbated by tedious and unnecessary design approaches.
Constraints imply limited future weakening of Atlantic meridional overturning circulation
Authors: Bonan David , Thompson Andrew , Schneider Tapio , Zanna Laure , Armour Kyle , Sun Shantong 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Climate models simulate a large spread in the projected weakening of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC) over the 21st century. Here, we demonstrate that this uncertainty can be substantially reduced by using a thermal-wind expression that relates the AMOC strength to the meridional density difference and the overturning depth in the Atlantic basin. This expression captures the intermodel spread in AMOC weakening across climate models, with the majority of the intermodel spread arising from overturning depth changes. The overturning depth also establishes a crucial link between the present-day and future AMOC strength. Climate models with a deeper present-day overturning tend to predict greater shoaling under warming. This occurs because their present-day North Atlantic is less stratified, allowing for a deeper penetration of surface buoyancy flux changes, greater density changes at depth, and, consequently, greater AMOC weakening. By integrating observational constraints, we conclude that, regardless of the emission scenario, the AMOC will only experience modest weakening of about 4 Sv by the end of this century. These results indicate that the uncertainty in 21st-century AMOC weakening, and a propensity to predict strong AMOC weakening, can be primarily attributed to climate model biases in accurately simulating the present-day ocean stratification.
Case report: Spontaneous Expansion of an Isolated Posterior Capsule Rupture
Authors: Ma Weifang , Zhou Li , Chen Yuchuan , Liu Yali , Li Yu 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background
Isolated posterior capsule rupture following blunt trauma has been seldom reported. Even rarer are cases of blunt trauma wherein spontaneous enlargement of isolated posterior capsule rupture occurs before surgery. In this report, we present a case involving a child with spontaneous dilation of isolated posterior capsule rupture while awaiting surgery, providing valuable insights for clinicians in determining the optimal timing for the operation.
Abstract
We report a case involving the spontaneous expansion following isolated posterior capsule rupture during follow-up after blunt trauma. Although the size of the posterior capsule rupture increased, an intraocular lens was successfully implanted in the capsular bag following conventional phacoemulsification. Importantly, the fibrotic posterior capsule did not undergo further tearing during the operation, and the vitreous body remained intact without anterior segment vitrectomy.
Conclusions
Our findings suggest that waiting for posterior capsule fibrosis may prevent further tearing of the posterior capsule during surgery, despite potential variations in the size of the isolated posterior capsule rupture during the waiting period.
The effect of attachment systems and denture cleaning methods on microbial biomass and composition in implant-supported overdentures: an experimental study
Authors: Zhao Yuwei , Yang Xin , Wen Bixin , Li Yuqing , Yu Haiyang 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Objective: This research endeavors to scrutinize the influence of attachment systems and denture cleaning methodologies on microbial biomass and composition within the realm of implant-supported overdentures, a crucial consideration for patients with dentition defects necessitating such prosthetic solutions.
Subjects and methods: Employing five polymethyl methacrylate specimens designed to emulate the fitting surfaces of traditional dentures and implant-supported overdentures. Following the polishing of each specimen and the quantification of its roughness, co-cultivation with three distinct microbial strains ensued, culminating in ultrasonic cleaning in water. The bar-clip group, differentiated by the depth of attachment, underwent cleaning employing four diverse methods. Biomass quantities were meticulously recorded both pre and post cleaning interventions, with subsequent data analysis via t-testing and one-way ANOVA, maintaining a significance level of α = .05.
Results: The bar-clip groups demonstrated an elevated degree of microbial adhesion, with the deeper locator group exhibiting heightened biomass residue post-cleaning, indicative of increased cleaning complexity. Ultrasonic cleaning predominantly targeted biofilm and deceased bacteria, whereas chemical cleaners primarily reduced the quantity of viable bacteria. The synergistic application of ultrasonics and chemical cleaning treatments yielded the minimal biomass residue.
Conclusion: In contemplating the utilization of dentures milled by dental computer-aided design/manufacturing systems, meticulous pre-use surface polishing is imperative. The extent of biofilm adhesion correlates with the chosen attachment system. This study advocates for the incorporation of ultrasonic cleaning in conjunction with chemical cleaning solutions to optimize the removal of biofilm and live cellular entities in the context of implant-supported overdentures.
Five-Year Survival of Class II Restorations with and without Base Bulk-Fill Composite: A Retrospective Data Collection Study
Authors: Leinonen Jukka , Vähänikkilä Hannu , Luksepp Remo , Anttonen Vuokko 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Objective This study aimed to determine the survival of class II composite restorations with and without base bulk-fill composite in general dental practice.
Materials and Methods We collected data from the electronic patient files of the Public Dental Services in the City of Oulu, Finland. The data consisted of class II composite restorations both with and without base bulk-fill composite. We compared the survival of these restorations using Kaplan-Meier survival curves, the log-rank test, survival rates, and the Wilcoxon signed ranks test.
Results We observed 297 restorations in 96 patients. The five-year survival rates for restorations with and without base bulk-fill composite were comparable in premolars (77.5% and 77.4%, respectively) but different in molars (69.9% and 57.8%, respectively, p = 0.069). In molars, the restorations with base bulk-fill composite exhibited a higher survival rate in 14 patients, whereas in 11 patients the restorations without base bulk-fill composites exhibited a higher survival rate. In 24 patients the survival rates were similar for restorations with and without the base bulk-fill composite (p = 0.246).
Conclusions There was a trend for the restorations with base bulk-fill composite to exhibit better longevity compared to those without it in molars.
Clinical Relevance We encourage general practitioners to use base bulk-fill composites due to their adequate survival rates and potential to reduce the time the patient spends in the discomfort of a restorative procedure.
Prediction of Fluid Responsiveness using a complete and partial Passive Leg Raising maneuver in post-cardiac surgery patients
Authors: Meijs Loek P.B. , Bindels Alexander J.G.H. , Roos Arnout N. , Houterman Saskia , Heuts Samuel , Houte Joris van , Bakker Jan 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background
Prediction of fluid responsiveness (FR) in critically ill patients is challenging. Passive leg raising (PLR) has been proven to adequately predict FR. PLR consists of a thoracic (T-PLR) and a limb (L-PLR) movement. Since a complete PLR (C-PLR) is not always feasible, this study focused on investigating the predictive value of partial PLRs on FR.
Methods
A prospective, observational study was performed in 40 post-cardiac surgery patients. C-PLR was performed, followed by a T-PLR, L-PLR and fluid challenge (FC). Invasive cardiac index (CI) measurements were continuously recorded during all maneuvers. FR was defined as a CI-increase ≥ 15% after FC, thereby identifying responders (R) and non-responders (NR). The predictive value of the PLR-elements was assessed with receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. Changes over time were analyzed with generalized linear model (GLM) analyses. Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was used to assess absolute agreement between PLR and FC.
Results
Forty patients were included (35 R / 5 NR). AUC was similar for all PLRs (C-PLR = 0.84; T-PLR = 0.86, L-PLR = 0.86). ICCs between FC versus the three PLRs were 0.81 (0.63–0.90), 0.78 (0.59–0.88), and 0.71 (0.46–0.85), respectively. Median CI-increase during C-PLR was 27.8% (21–48%) in responders vs. 10.7% (7.5–12.6%) in non-responders (p = 0.012). After FC, median CI-increase was 30.0% (22.2–42.9%) in responders vs. 7.4% (6.3–12.4%) in non-responders (p = 0.002).
Conclusion
Partial PLRs have similar predictive values compared to a C-PLR. This could improve the prediction of FR in specific patient categories where C-PLR is restricted.
Prognostic factors for futile recanalization in acute anterior ischemic stroke patients
Authors: Zhan Shao-Fen , Weng Yi-Han , Zhang Niu-Niu , Liang Yi-Cheng , Liu Xin-Tong , He Xu-Yin 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background: More than half of the patients who underwent endovascular treatment for reperfusion had a poor prognosis. Our study aimed to investigate the factors associated with futile reperfusion following endovascular treatment in patients with acute ischemic stroke.
Methods: This study conducted a postoperative analysis at Guangdong Province Second People's Hospital, focusing on patients with anterior circulation large-vessel occlusion who underwent endovascular treatment or a combination of intravenous thrombolysis from June 2019 to October 2023. Futile recanalization was determined based on a modified Rankin score of 3-6 at 90 days post-treatment. The researchers utilized multifactorial logistic regression to identify factors linked to futile recanalization following reperfusion in patients.
Results: A total of 120 patients were enrolled, amongst which 52 patients (43.3%) had FR. After adjusting for confounders, the discharge NIHSS score, as a continuous variable, was associated with futile recanalization (per 1 score: aOR: 7.30,95%CI: 2.176-24.491, P=0.001), indicating an increased risk, hemorrhagic transformation was also associated with higher futile recanalization risk(aOR:8.556,95%CI: 11.038-70.549, P=0.046).
Conclusion: In patients with large anterior circulation stroke, our findings suggest that the discharge INHSS score and hemorrhagic transformation are risk factors for FR.
Using paleolimnology to assess long-term acidification and recovery trajectories in lakes from Killarney Provincial Park and Sudbury (Ontario, Canada)
Authors: Lanigan Courtney , Michelutti Neal , Paterson Andrew M. , Meyer-Jacob Carsten , Simmatis Brigitte , Smol John P. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

For over a century, the copper and nickel mining centre of Sudbury in northeastern Ontario (Canada) was a major source of sulphur dioxide and other pollutants, degrading terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems in the surrounding region. In the 1970s, emissions were drastically reduced due to concerns over widespread environmental damage. Killarney Provincial Park (KPP), located ~ 60 km southwest of Sudbury, was also impacted by Sudbury emissions, but little is known about how present-day conditions relate to pre-industrial conditions, or how recovery trajectories may be influenced by recent climate change. Here, we use a multi-proxy paleolimnological approach to examine ecological change in five lakes over the past ~ 200 years in Sudbury (Baby, Tillie, and Crooked lakes) and KPP (Ruth-Roy and Johnnie lakes). The study objectives were to: (1) infer past ecological conditions from diatom assemblages, whole-lake chlorophyll-a(VRS-Chla) and lake-water dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentrations; (2) explore patterns of potential ecological recovery from acidification over the past several decades; and (3) compare any changes to recent monitoring and meteorological data. Distance from smelting operations and differences in underlying bedrock geology likely contributed to differences in the magnitude of change observed in the paleolimnological indicators. In general, the acidification period was characterized by declines in circumneutral diatom taxa (i.e.,Discostellaspp.,Achnanthidiumspp., andAulacoseiraspp.), and inferred Chlaand inferred DOC, concurrent with increased relative abundances of acidophilic diatoms (i.e.,Fragilariforma acidobiontica, Eunotiaspp.,Tabellaria flocculosaandAsterionella ralfsii). After ~ 1970, only limited recovery in diatom assemblages was recorded, although inferred DOC and Chlalevels increased, indicating biological recovery is lagging chemical recovery and/or the ecological trajectory has been influenced by other large-scale environmental stressors. However, given the impacted nature of the study lakes, a clear climate signal in recent diatom assemblages was not as evident as often noted in pristine Boreal Shield lakes. This highlights the need for case-by-case consideration of recovery patterns in lakes, and confirms the importance of conducting long-term, multi-proxy studies to assess ecosystem recovery and ecological trajectories.
Cut-off values of factors in relation to predict early neurological improvement after intravenous thrombolysis : a retrospective single center study in Korea
Authors: Oh Misuk , Cho Soohyun , Park Kwangyeol , Jeong Haebong , Park Chanyoung 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background: We aimed to determine cut-off values of factorsaffecting early neurological improvementin patients after recombinant tissue plasminogen activator therapy for acute ischemic stroke.
Methods: A total of 135 patients with acute ischemic stroke treated with tissue plasminogen activator within 4.5 hours of stroke onset were enrolled at a single center. Therapy outcomes were based on early neurological improvement, defined as when the NIHSS score after 24 hours of tPA treatment decreased by ≥ 40% from the baseline value. Binary logistic linear regression analysis was used to identify the factors affecting early neurological improvement.
Results: Sixty-nine (51.1%) patients had early neurological improvement. Multivariate analysis of these significant factors revaealed low serum homocysteine (odds ratio, 0.865; 95% confidence interval, 0.787–0.950; P=0.003) and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (0.345; 0.203–0.586; P<0.001) levels were significantly associated with a high incidence of early neurological impairment. The cut-off values of serum homocysteine and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein were 11.99umol/L and 1.16mg/L, respectively.
Conclusions: Serum homocysteine and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein were associated with early neurological improvement in patients with acute ischemic stroke who received therapy and their cut-off values mightbe promising criteriafor predicting early prognosis of acute ischemic stroke treated with intravenous thrombolysis.
Setting a research agenda for examining early risk for elevated cognitive disengagement syndrome symptoms using data from the ABCD cohort
Authors: Wiggs Kelsey K. , Cook Taryn E. , Lodhawala Isha , Cleary Emma N. , Yolton Kimberly , Becker Stephen P. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background.
Little research has examined early life risk for symptoms of cognitive disengagement syndrome (CDS) despite a well-established literature regarding co-occurring outcomes (e.g., attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder). The current study estimated bivariate associations between early life risk factors and CDS in a large and representative sample of U.S. children.
Methods.
We conducted secondary analyses of baseline data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study (N = 8,096 children, 9–10 years old). Birthing parents reported early life risk factors on a developmental history questionnaire, including parental, prenatal, delivery and birth, and developmental milestone information. They also completed the Child Behavior Checklist, which includes a CDS subscale that was dichotomized to estimate the odds of elevated CDS symptoms (i.e., T-score > 70) in children related to risk indices.
Results.
We observed significantly elevated odds of CDS related to parental risk factors (i.e., unplanned pregnancy, pregnancy awareness after 6 weeks, teenage parenthood), birthing parent illnesses in pregnancy (i.e., severe nausea, proteinuria, pre-eclampsia/toxemia, severe anemia, urinary tract infection), pregnancy complications (i.e., bleeding), prenatal substance exposures (i.e., prescription medication, tobacco, illicit drugs), delivery and birth risk factors (i.e., child blue at delivery, child not breathing, jaundice, incubation after delivery), and late motor and speech milestones in children.
Conclusions.
Several early-life risk factors were associated with elevated odds of CDS at ages 9–10 years; study design prevents the determination of causality. Further investigation is warranted regarding early life origins of CDS with priority given to risk indices that have upstream commonalities (i.e., that restrict fetal growth, nutrients, and oxygen).
Tickling of rats is associated with positive affective states, but does not replicate juvenile social play regarding the involvement of central oxytocin and vasopressin systems
Authors: Tivey Emma K.L. , Martin Jessica E. , Brown Sarah M. , Bishop Valerie R. , Bombail Vincent , Lawrence Alistair B , Meddle Simone L. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Tickling of rats is a widely used positive handling habituation technique that was modelled on conspecific social (rough and tumble) play. Any neuroendocrine response to tickling has yet to be explored. We aimed to test the hypothesis that as in conspecific play, oxytocin and vasopressin neurons in the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) and supraoptic nucleus (SON) of the hypothalamus are involved in regulating the behavioural response to tickling in female and male juvenile Wistar rats. Rats (n=32/sex) received either tickling (Tickled, n=16/sex) or no hand contact (Controls, n=16/sex). Play behaviours (hand approaches and scampering), 50 kHz and 22 kHz ultrasonic vocalisations (USVs) were quantified. Immediate early gene expression (Fos immunoreactivity; Fos-ir) in oxytocinergic and vasopressinergic neurons of the PVN and SON was quantified. We found that tickled rats called more than controls and that tickled females produced more 50 kHz USVs than tickled male or control rats. In the parvocellular PVN we found that tickled rats, regardless of sex, had lower expression of Fos-ir in oxytocin and vasopressin neurons. In contrast, there was no effect of tickling on the number of Fos-ir magnocellular oxytocin or vasopressin neurons in the PVN or SON. Our findings provide the first evidence that tickling does not replicate the involvement of the central oxytocin and vasopressin systems previously reported following social play in juvenile rats. This is an important consideration for future interpretation of central oxytocin and vasopressin in response to tickling.