bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association of SUMO4 M55V polymorphism with susceptibility to autoimmune and inflammatory diseases: a meta‐analysis
Authors: Zou Y.‐F. , Feng X.‐L. , Tao J.‐H. , Zhu J.‐M. , Pan F.‐M. , Su H. , Ye D.‐Q. 
Published: June 2010

SummaryThe purpose of this study was to generate large‐scale evidence on whether SUMO4 M55V polymorphism is associated with autoimmune and inflammatory diseases using a meta‐analysis. We surveyed studies on the association of SUMO4 M55V polymorphism with autoimmune and inflammatory diseases in PubMed. Meta‐analysis was performed for genotypes AG versus AA, GG versus AA, GG versus AA + AG, AG + GG versus AA and G allele versus A allele in a fixed/random effect model. We identified 16 studies (11 407 cases and 10 679 controls) using PubMed search. When all groups were pooled, we detected the association of SUMO4 M55V polymorphism with autoimmune and inflammatory diseases (G versus A: OR = 1.11, 95%CI = 1.03–1.19, P = 0.005; AG + GG versus AA: OR = 1.17, 95%CI = 1.06–1.28, P = 0.001; GG versus AA + AG: OR = 1.07, 95%CI = 0.94–1.21, P = 0.29; GG versus AA: OR = 1.15, 95%CI = 1.00–1.34, P = 0.06; AG versus AA: OR = 1.15, 95%CI = 1.08–1.23, P < 0.0001). In subgroup analyses, we detected the association of SUMO4 M55V polymorphism with autoimmune and inflammatory diseases in Asian population (G versus A: OR = 1.18, 95%CI = 1.08–1.28, P = 0.0001; AG + GG versus AA: OR = 1.30, 95%CI = 1.16–1.45, P < 0.00001; GG versus AA + AG: OR = 1.04, 95%CI = 0.78–1.37, P = 0.80; GG versus AA: OR = 1.20, 95%CI = 0.99–1.45, P = 0.07; AG versus AA: OR = 1.32, 95%CI = 1.18–1.49, P < 0.00001). But the association was not found in Caucasian population. Meanwhile, an association of SUMO4 M55V polymorphism with autoimmune diabetes was found (G versus A: OR = 1.18, 95%CI = 1.08–1.30, P = 0.0005; AG + GG versus AA: OR = 1.22, 95%CI = 1.13–1.32, P < 0.00001; GG versus AA + AG: OR = 1.15, 95%CI = 0.96–1.38, P = 0.13; GG versus AA: OR = 1.32, 95%CI = 1.08–1.60, P = 0.006; AG versus AA: OR = 1.23, 95%CI = 1.13–1.33, P < 0.00001). This meta‐analysis demonstrates the association of SUMO4 M55V polymorphism with autoimmune and inflammatory diseases, especially in Asian population.
Genetic risk factors for inflammatory bowel disease in a North‐eastern Mexican population
Authors: Garza‐González E. , Pérez‐Pérez G. I. , Mendoza‐Ibarra S. I. , Flores‐Gutiérrez J. P. , Bosques‐Padilla F. J. 
Published: June 2010

SummaryThe purpose of this study was to assess the role of Helicobacter pylori and several genetic polymorphisms in relation to inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). We studied 44 unrelated patients with IBD and 75 subjects with no history of IBD as controls. Using pyrosequencing technology, we identified gene polymorphisms in IL‐10, TNF‐A, ILB‐31, and TLR4. H. pylori status was determined by serology. Individuals homozygous for IL10‐592 A or IL10‐1082 A genotypes show significantly lower occurrence of IBD (P = 0.03 and P < 0.01, respectively). Individuals heterozygous at IL10‐1082 have significantly increased occurrence of IBD, both ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease (P < 0.01). There was no difference in the prevalence of H. pylori infection between cases and controls. This study provides evidence that variation in IL10 is correlated with IBD occurrence in this Mexican population.
Genomic polymorphisms within alpha 7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor and severe sepsis in Chinese Han population
Authors: Jin Y. , Zhang Y. , Wang H. , Wu S. , Chen Q. , Cheng B. , Xie G. , Hu Y. , Fang X. 
Published: June 2010

SummaryAlpha 7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor, a kind of ligand‐gated ion channel mainly expressed in macrophages, plays a crucial role in improving survival in sepsis via suppressing proinflammatory cytokines. The predisposition of genomic polymorphisms within alpha 7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor gene (CHRNA7) to sepsis has not been investigated. The current association study was performed to analyse six common genetic variations within 5′‐upstream region of CHRNA7 gene in 229 patients with severe sepsis and 267 controls. Neither allelic frequencies nor genotype distributions were significantly different between patients and controls, as well as between surviving and nonsurviving patients. The frequencies of estimated haplotypes were also comparable between above defined groups. The present study suggests that genomic polymorphisms in the 5′‐upstream region of CHRNA7 gene may not be a major risk factor for severe sepsis in Chinese Han population.
Punishment: Nonconsequentialism
Authors: Wood David 
Published: June 2010

AbstractA companion to ‘Punishment: Consequentialism’, and also ‘Punishment: The Future’, this paper examines various nonconsequentialist attempts to justify punishment, that is, attempts that appeal to claims concerning the innate worth or intrinsic character of punishment, quite apart from any consequential good or benefit punishment may be thought to produce. The paper starts with retributive theories, and turns then to the denunciation and expressive theories, before considering combined communicative–retributive theories.
Anaxagoras on Matter, Motion, and Multiple Worlds
Authors: Sisko John E 
Published: June 2010

AbstractIn this article, both Anaxagoras’ theory of multiple worlds and the principles of his theory of matter are examined. It is argued that the five principles, which are set out explicitly in the extant fragments, (No Becoming, Indefinite Types, Universal Mixture, Predominance, and Infinite Divisibility) form a consistent set. Further, it is argued that the principle of Homoeomereity, which Anaxagoras attributes to Anaxagoras, is consistent with Anaxagoras’ other principles and is likely to be a genuine principle of Anaxagoras’ physics.
L'impact de la crise financière mondiale sur la protection sociale dans les pays en développement
Authors: McCord Anna 
Published: June 2010

RésuméAlors que la crise financière mondiale a eu un impact considérable sur les taux de pauvreté des pays en développement, les mesures de protection sociale prises, sous forme de mesures d'aide sociale, pour y faire face sont, jusqu'à présent, restées limitées. La raison est à rechercher dans l'insuffisance des systèmes et dans la faiblesse de la couverture avant la crise. Avec la diminution de leurs ressources, les pays en développement ont eu des difficultés à respecter les engagements pris avant la crise en matière de protection sociale. Dans ce contexte, il existe peu de possibilités d'extension de la couverture à ceux qui se sont appauvris davantage du fait de la crise et aux «nouveaux pauvres». Bien que beaucoup de pays aient mené une politique budgétaire expansionniste, les stratégies mises en œuvre face à la crise ont essentiellement porté sur la préservation et la stimulation de la croissance. La priorité n'a pas été accordée à la fourniture de protection sociale pour aider directement les pauvres. Lorsque des mesures de protection sociale ont été adoptées, elles ont, dans de nombreux cas, pris la forme de mesures ad hoc, souvent rétrogrades, comme l'octroi de subventions alimentaires ou énergétiques, plutôt que de démarches plus systémiques, destinées à lutter contre la pauvreté. Toutefois, peut‐être est‐il permis d'être optimiste, la crise ayant suscité plusieurs initiatives pour favoriser la coordination des donateurs et la cohérence de la programmation, ce quipourrait autoriser, à l'avenir, une amélioration de celle‐ci dans le secteur de la protection sociale.
Crise économique et protection sociale dans l'Union européenne: aller au‐delà des réponses immédiates
Authors: Euzéby Alain 
Published: June 2010

RésuméLa crise économique a au moins le mérite de rappeler que la protection sociale est à la fois un amortisseur social et un stabilisateur économique qui limite la gravité de la récession. Les prestations sociales sont d'ailleurs utilisées par les pays de l'Union européenne, ainsi que par l'Union elle‐même dans le cadre de son plan de relance, pour venir en aide aux personnes victimes de la crise, stimuler la consommation des ménages et, par ce biais, soutenir l'activité des entreprises et favoriser l'emploi. Mais la crise pourrait être aussi l'occasion pour l'Union européenne de renforcer ses systèmes de protection sociale en s'inspirant des grands principes du droit social international, en affirmant la légitimité de hauts niveaux de protection sociale, en favorisant la convergence vers le haut des systèmes de protection sociale des Etats membres, et en augmentant son budget.
Minimally invasive surgical technologies: Challenges in education and training
Authors: Sándor J , Lengyel B , Haidegger T , Saftics G , Papp G , Nagy Á , Wéber G 
Published: June 2010

AbstractThe laparoscopic revolution has fundamentally changed surgical technology. However, this new technology, with its unique psychomotor adaptations, has been a challenge for both experienced and novice surgeons. This review summarizes the history of practical education and training methods and those currently used to ensure surgeons safely practice these new surgical skills.Traditional training boxes, augmented reality simulators and virtual reality simulators represent recently developed educational tools. There are objective programs that subsequently assess the results of training by these simulation methods. Additionally, the advent of robotics in laparoscopic surgery has been accompanied by the introduction of computer‐based robotic surgical simulators. Surgical curricula should also include non‐technical skills training, particularly as global certification of technical and non‐technical surgical skills is expected in the near future. Ultimately, these new systems of surgical simulation contribute to a decrease in surgical error as well as with reduced morbidity and mortality.
Association Between Potential Zoonotic Enteric Infections in Children and Environmental Risk Factors in Quebec, 1999–2006
Authors: Kaboré H. , Levallois P. , Michel P. , Payment P. , Déry P. , Gingras S. 
Published: May 2010

SummaryThis study was designed to evaluate the association of potential zoonotic gastroenteritis in children, and specifically giardiasis, salmonellosis and campylobacteriosis, with environmental risk factors in rural areas of Quebec. Notified cases of gastroenteritis in children of 0–4 years of age reported in the period of 1999 through 2006 from municipalities in southern Quebec with <100 000 inhabitants were investigated. Negative binomial regression models accounting for overdispersion and adjusted for clustering were used to estimate relative risks (RR) associated with livestock densities and drinking water quality. Analyses revealed that, during this period, 2500 cases of gastroenteritis were reported in children of 0–4 years, including 819 cases of giardiasis, 690 of salmonellosis and 852 of campylobacteriosis. The incidence rate associated with all potential zoonotic agents reported was 163 cases/100 000 children‐years and this was statistically associated with cattle density: RR Quartile 4/Quartile 1 (Q4/Q1) = 1.92, 95% CI = 1.43–2.58. When estimated specifically for each pathogen, incidence rates of giardiasis (RR Q4/Q1 = 1.79, 95% CI = 1.11–2.87), salmonellosis (RR Q4/Q1 = 1.64, 95% CI = 1.15–2.33) and campylobacteriosis (RR Q4/Q1 = 2.43, 95% CI = 1.60–3.68) were also associated with cattle density, with a monotonic increase of RR with increasing animal density. Giardiasis incidence was also positively associated with a poor drinking water quality, although no statistically significant association was found. Our results suggest that, in rural Quebec, bacterial and parasitic enteric infections in young children may be zoonoses related to environmental risk factors and especially cattle production.
Seismic imaging of the lithospheric structure of the Zagros mountain belt (Iran)
Authors: Paul Anne , Hatzfeld Denis , Kaviani Ayoub , Tatar Mohammad , Péquegnat Catherine 
Published: June 2010

Abstract
We present a synthesis and a comparison of the results of two temporary passive seismic experiments installed for a few months across the Central and Northern Zagros. The receiver function analysis of teleseismic earthquake records gives a high-resolution image of the Moho beneath the seismic transects. On both cross-sections, the crust has an average thickness of 42±2 km beneath the Zagros fold-and-thrust belt and the Central domain. The crust is thicker beneath the hanging wall of the Main Zagros Reverse Fault (MZRF), with a greater maximum Moho depth in the Central (69±2 km) than in the Northern Zagros (56±2 km). The thickening affects a narrower region (170 km) beneath the Sanandaj–Sirjan zone of the Central Zagros and a wider region (320 km) in the Northern Zagros. We propose that this thickening is related to overthrusting of the crust of the Arabian margin by the crust of Central Iran along the MZRF, which is considered as a major thrust fault cross-cutting the whole crust. The fault is imaged as a low-velocity layer in the receiver function data of the Northern Zagros profile. Moreover, the crustal-scale thrust model reconciles the imaged seismic Moho with the Bouguer anomaly data measured on the Central Zagros transect. At upper mantle depth, P-wave tomography confirms the previously observed strong contrast between the faster velocities of the Arabian margin and the lower velocities of the Iranian micro-blocks. Our higher-resolution tomography combined with surface-wave analysis locates the suture in the shallow mantle of the Sanandaj–Sirjan zone beneath the Central Zagros. The Arabian upper mantle has shield-like shear-wave velocities, whereas the lower velocities of the Iranian upper mantle are probably due to higher temperature. However, these velocities are not low enough and the low-velocity layer not thick enough to conclude that delamination of the lithospheric mantle lid has occurred beneath Iran. The lack of a high-velocity anomaly in the mantle beneath Central Iran suggests that the Neotethyan oceanic lithosphere is probably detached from the Arabian margin.
The kinematics of the Zagros Mountains (Iran)
Authors: Hatzfeld D. , Authemayou C. , van der Beek P. , Bellier O. , Lavé J. , Oveisi B. , Tatar M. , Tavakoli F. , Walpersdorf A. , Yamini-Fard F. 
Published: June 2010

Abstract
We present a synthesis of recently conducted tectonic, global positioning system (GPS), geomorphological and seismic studies to describe the kinematics of the Zagros mountain belt, with a special focus on the transverse right-lateral strike-slip Kazerun Fault System (KFS). Both the seismicity and present-day deformation (as observed from tectonics, geomorphology and GPS) appear to concentrate near the 1000 m elevation contour, suggesting that basement and shallow deformation are related. This observation supports a thick-skinned model of southwestward propagation of deformation, starting from the Main Zagros Reverse Fault. The KFS distributes right-lateral strike-slip motion of the Main Recent Fault onto several segments located in an en echelon system to the east. We observe a marked difference in the kinematics of the Zagros across the Kazerun Fault System. To the NW, in the North Zagros, present-day deformation is partitioned between localized strike-slip motion on the Main Recent Fault and shortening located on the deformation front. To the SE, in the Central Zagros, strike-slip motion is distributed on several branches of the KFS. The decoupling of the Hormuz Salt layer, restricted to the east of the KFS and favouring the spreading of the sedimentary cover, cannot be the only cause of this distributed mechanism because seismicity (and therefore basement deformation) is associated with all active strike-slip faults, including those to the east of the Kazerun Fault System.
The transition between Makran subduction and the Zagros collision: recent advances in its structure and active deformation
Authors: Regard V. , Hatzfeld D. , Molinaro M. , Aubourg C. , Bayer R. , Bellier O. , Yamini-Fard F. , Peyret M. , Abbassi M. 
Published: June 2010

Abstract
SE Iran is the site of a rare case of young transition between subduction and collision. We have synthesized recent results in geodesy, tectonics, seismology and magnetism to help understand the structure and kinematics of the Zagros–Makran transition. Surface observations (tectonics, magnetism and geodesy) indicate a transpressive discontinuity consisting of several faults striking obliquely to the convergent plate motion, whereas deeper observations (seismology) support a smooth transition across the fault system. No lithospheric transform fault has been created, although the transition already behaves like a major boundary in terms of tectonic style, seismic structure, lithology and magnetism. The Zendan–Minab–Palami fault system consists of several faults that accommodate a transpressive tectonic regime. It is the surface expression of a southward propagation of the north–south-trending right-lateral strike-slip fault system of Jiroft–Sabzevaran. Within each system the numerous faults will coalesce into a single, lithospheric, wrench fault.
Examining perceptions of agility in software development practice
Authors: de Cesare Sergio , Lycett Mark , Macredie Robert D. , Patel Chaitali , Paul Ray 
Published: June 2010

Introduction

Organizations undertaking software development are often reminded that successful practice depends on a number of non-technical issues that are managerial, cultural and organizational in nature. These issues cover aspects from appropriate corporate structure, through software process development and standardization to effective collaborative practice. Since the articulation of the 'software crisis' in the late-1960s, significant effort has been put into addressing problems related to the cost, time and quality of software development via the application of systematic processes and management practices for software engineering. Early efforts resulted in prescriptive structured methods, which have evolved and expanded over time to embrace consortia/ company-led initiatives such as the Unified Modeling Language and the Unified Process alongside formal process improvement frameworks such as the International Standards Organization's 9000 series, the Capability Maturity Model and SPICE.
More recently, the philosophy behind traditional plan-based initiatives has been questioned by the agile movement, which seeks to emphasize the human and craft aspects of software development over and above the engineering aspects. Agile practice is strongly collaborative in its outlook, favoring individuals and interactions over processes and tools, working software over comprehensive documentation, customer collaboration over contract negotiation, and responding to change over following a plan (see Sidebar 1). Early experience reports on the use of agile practice suggest some success in dealing with the problems of the software crisis, and suggest that plan-based and agile practice are not mutually exclusive. Indeed, flexibility may arise from this unlikely marriage in an aim to strike a balance between the rigor of traditional plan-based approaches and the need for adaptation of those to suit particular development situations. With this in mind, this article surveys the current practice in software engineering alongside perceptions of senior development managers in relation to agile practice in order to understand the principles of agility that may be practiced implicitly and their effects on plan-based approach.
Barriers to systematic model transformation testing
Authors: Baudry Benoit , Ghosh Sudipto , Fleurey Franck , France Robert , Le Traon Yves , Mottu Jean-Marie 
Published: June 2010

Introduction

Model Driven Engineering (MDE) techniques support extensive use of models in order to manage the increasing complexity of software systems. Appropriate abstractions of software system elements can ease reasoning and understanding and thus limit the risk of errors in large systems. Automatic model transformations play a critical role in MDE since they automate complex, tedious, error-prone, and recurrent software development tasks. Airbus uses automatic code synthesis from SCADE models to generate the code for embedded controllers in the Airbus A380. Commercial tools for model transformations exist. Objecteering and Together from Borland are tools that can automatically add design patterns in a UML class model. Esterel Technologies have a tool for automatic code synthesis for safety critical systems.
Other examples of transformations are refinement of a design model by adding details pertaining to a particular target platform, refactoring a model by changing its structure to enhance design quality, or reverse engineering code to obtain an abstract model. These software development tasks are critical and thus the model transformations that automate them must be validated.
A fault in a transformation can introduce a fault in the transformed model, which if undetected and not removed, can propagate to other models in successive development steps. As a fault propagates across transformations, it becomes more difficult to detect and isolate. Since model transformations are meant to be reused, faults present in them may result in many faulty models.
Model transformations constitute a class of programs with unique characteristics that make testing them challenging. The complexity of input and output data, lack of model management tools, and the heterogeneity of transformation languages pose special problems to testers of transformations. In this paper we identify current model transformation characteristics that contribute to the difficulty of systematically testing transformations. We present promising solutions and propose possible ways to overcome these barriers.
Knowledge discovery from sensor data (SensorKDD)
Authors: Omitaomu Olufemi A. , Vatsavai Ranga Raju , Ganguly Auroop R. , Chawla Nitesh V. , Gama Joao , Gaber Mohamed Medhat 
Published: June 2010

Wide-area sensor infrastructures, remote sensors, RFIDs, and wireless sensor networks yield massive volumes of disparate, dynamic, and geographically distributed data. As such sensors are becoming ubiquitous, a set of broad requirements is beginning to emerge across high-priority applications including adaptability to climate change, electric grid monitoring, disaster preparedness and management, national or homeland security, and the management of critical infrastructures. The raw data from sensors need to be efficiently managed and transformed to usable information through data fusion, which in turn must be converted to predictive insights via knowledge discovery, ultimately facilitating automated or human-induced tactical decisions or strategic policy based on decision sciences and decision support systems.
Keeping in view the requirements of the emerging field of knowledge discovery from sensor data, we took initiative to develop a community of researchers with common interests and scientific goals, which culminated into the organization of SensorKDD series of workshops in conjunction with the prestigious ACM SIGKDD International Conference of Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining. In this report, we summarize events at the Third ACM-SIGKDD International Workshop on Knowledge Discovery form Sensor Data (SensorKDD 2009).