bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of patient satisfaction, quality of life, and bite force between elderly edentulous patients wearing mandibular two implant‐supported overdentures and conventional complete dentures after 4 years
Authors: Geckili Onur , Bilhan Hakan , Mumcu Emre , Dayan Cagatay , Yabul Ali , Tuncer Necat 
Published: July 2012

ABSTRACTThis study compared two groups of patients who were elderly and edentulous, one group included subjects who had mandibular overdentures supported by two implants (Group I); the other groups wore conventional complete dentures (Group II). This retrospective study included 100 edentulous patients (50 from each group) with an average age of 67.86 years, who had been followed for 4 years. The groups were compared in terms of patient satisfaction, quality of life (QOL), and bite force. The bite force and patient satisfaction scores of Group I were found to be statistically significantly higher than Group II (p < .05). However, no statistically significant difference was found between the two groups’ QOL scores (p > .05) except on the physical pain subscale (p = .013). Based on these results, it can be concluded that after 4 years of function, subjects wearing mandibular overdentures supported by two implants had higher values for bite force and patient satisfaction scores, but similar QOL scores when compared to conventional complete denture‐wearers.
Impact of oral health in patients with multiple sclerosis and epilepsy: A survey in a neurology clinic
Authors: Koffman Boyd M. , Khuder Sadik , Mutgi Sunil , Crooks Ryan , Herial Nabeel 
Published: July 2012

ABSTRACTThis study investigated the impact of oral health on neurological disorders using the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP). A total of 460 subjects completed the OHIP, including 141 control subjects who did not have any neurological conditions. Of the 319 subjects with a neurological diagnosis who were enrolled in the study, 31% had multiple sclerosis (MS), 34% had epilepsy, and 34% had other neurological conditions. Compared to the control group, mean age (p = .001), education (p = .003), and household income levels (p ≤ .001) were statistically significantly lower among subjects with epilepsy than in the other two groups. The majority of the study populations were Caucasian and the percentage was highest in those with MS (87%). Patients with any neurologic diagnosis had greater physical pain and disability than controls. Adjusting for demographic variables, the impact of physical disability was statistically significantly higher in patients with any neurological diagnosis (including MS and epilepsy) (OR = 4.49). In multinomial regression, the strongest association of physical disability impact was noted in patients with epilepsy (OR = 5.17). The physical disability domain of the OHIP is more commonly associated with a neurological diagnosis, including MS, and the association is strongest in patients with diagnosis of epilepsy.
Facial morphology and occlusion of a patient with fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva (FOP): a case report
Authors: Susami Takafumi , Mori Yoshiyuki , Tamura Kazumi , Ohkubo Kazumi , Nagahama Kouhei , Takahashi Naoko , Uchino Natsuko , Uwatoko Kiwako , Haga Nobuhiko , Takato Tsuyoshi 
Published: July 2012

ABSTRACTFibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva (FOP) is a rare disease characterized by postnatal heterotopic ossification (HO). When HO affects the masticatory muscles, mouth opening becomes restricted. This paper presents the changes in facial morphology and occlusion of a patient with FOP who was followed from the age of 8 to age 21. At the initial examination, he had a severely protruded maxilla and Angle Class II Division 1 malocclusion. His mouth opening was restricted (5.0 mm). He had a large overjet and this enabled him to clean his teeth and to eat. Orthodontic correction was not planned, and his facial growth was closely followed with attention to his oral hygiene. The maxillary protrusion and a low mandibular plane angle became more prominent as the patient aged. His mandible rotated in a counterclockwise direction. His molars had delayed eruption or were impacted and seven were extracted. His mouth opening increased slightly and his oral hygiene improved to excellent.
Efficacy and safety of alogliptin added to sulfonylurea in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes: A randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled trial with an open‐label, long‐term extension study
Authors: Seino Yutaka , Hiroi Shinzo , Hirayama Masashi , Kaku Kohei 
Published: July 2012

AbstractAims/IntroductionTo evaluate the efficacy and safety of alogliptin added to treatment with glimepiride.Materials and MethodsThis multicenter, randomized, double‐blind, parallel‐group, 24‐week (12‐week observation and 12‐week treatment) study compared alogliptin 12.5 or 25 mg in combination with glimepiride (1–4 mg/day) vs placebo added to glimepiride monotherapy in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes who had poor glycemic control despite treatment with diet and exercise plus a sulfonylurea. The primary end‐point was a change in glycated hemoglobin (HbA
1c) from baseline. A 40‐week open‐label extension study evaluated the long‐term safety and efficacy of the combination.ResultsAlogliptin 12.5 or 25 mg in combination with glimepiride significantly decreased HbA
1c compared with glimepiride monotherapy after 12 weeks' treatment (−0.59, −0.65 and 0.35%, respectively; P < 0.0001 for both combination groups vs glimepiride monotherapy). Alogliptin 12.5 and 25 mg combination therapy was also associated with significantly higher responder rates (HbA
1c <6.9%: 9.6% and 7.7%, HbA
1c <7.4%: 29.8% and 34.6%) compared with glimepiride monotherapy (HbA
1c <6.9%: 0%, HbA
1c <7.4%: 3.9%). The incidence of adverse events was comparable between glimepiride monotherapy and alogliptin combination treatment, with most reported adverse events being mild in severity. In the extension study, the incidence of adverse events was comparable between the combination groups, with the majority of adverse events being mild.ConclusionsOnce‐daily alogliptin was effective and generally well tolerated when given as add‐on therapy to glimepiride in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes who had inadequate glycemic control on sulfonylurea plus lifestyle measures. Clinical benefits were maintained for 52 weeks. This trial was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov (double‐blind study no. NCT01318083; long‐term study no. NCT01318135).
Management of cases suffering from atypical myopathy: Interpretations of descriptive, epidemiological and pathophysiological findings. Part 1: First aid, cardiovascular, nutritional and digestive care
Authors: van Galen G. , Votion D.‐M. 
Published: July 2012

SummaryAtypical myopathy is highly fatal, but about a quarter of affected horses survive. This highlights the need for provision of supportive treatment for these cases. This review is a practical guideline for equine practitioners and includes suggestions for close monitoring of involved organ systems and discusses options of supportive treatment based on current knowledge of the condition.
A pilot study on the corneal curvatures and ocular dimensions of horses less than one year of age
Authors: TOWNSEND W. M. , WASSERMAN N. , JACOBI S. 
Published: July 2012

SummaryIntraocular lenses (IOLs) have been implanted in adult equine eyes after cataract surgery. Foals and weanlings comprise a large proportion of those horses undergoing cataract surgery. Due to potential differences in the size and corneal curvature of the juvenile eye, it is not currently known whether implantation of adult IOLs is appropriate in foals and weanlings. The objective of the study was to measure the anterior chamber depth (ACD), central lens thickness (CLT), vitreous chamber depth (VCD), axial globe length (AGL) and corneal curvature of horses less than one year of age. The axial dimensions from one eye of 10 foals were measured using simultaneous A and B scan ultrasonography. The corneal curvature from one eye of 7 weanlings was determined using a modified photokeratometer. Ultrasonography revealed a mean ACD of 4.94 mm, mean CLT of 9.38 mm, mean VCD of 18.96 mm and mean AGL of 33.32 mm for the foals. The mean corneal curvature was 15.4 diopters (D). The mean ACD, CLT, VCD and AGL of the foals were less than the measurements reported in the literature for adult horses. The mean corneal curvature was similar to the values reported by some authors for adult horses. Due to the differences in axial dimensions between adult and juvenile eyes, an IOL that corrects vision in an adult horse might not adequately correct vision in a horse less than one year of age.
Hepatoencephalopathy syndrome due to Cassia occidentalis (Leguminosae, Caesalpinioideae) seed ingestion in horses
Authors: OLIVEIRA‐FILHO J. P. , CAGNINI D. Q. , BADIAL P. R. , PESSOA M. A. , DEL PIERO F. , BORGES A. S. 
Published: July 2012

SummaryCassia occidentalis is a bush from the Leguminosae family, subfamily Caesalpinoideae, and is a toxic plant of veterinary interest due to the occasional contamination of animal rations. This report describes the clinical and histopathological findings of an outbreak of C. occidentalis poisoning in horses. Twenty mares were poisoned after consuming ground corn contaminated with 8% of C. occidentalis seeds. Of the 20 animals affected, 12 died: 8 mares were found dead, 2 died 6 h after the onset of clinical signs compatible with hepatic encephalopathy and the 2 other animals were subjected to euthanasia 12 h after the onset of the clinical signs. The remaining 8 mares presented with mild depression and decreased appetite, but improved with treatment and no clinical sequelae were observed. In 6 animals that underwent a necropsy, an enhanced hepatic lobular pattern was noted and within the large intestine, a large number of seeds were consistently observed. Hepatocellular pericentrolobular necrosis and cerebral oedema were the main histological findings. In one mare, there was mild multifocal semimembranosus rhabdomyocytic necrosis and haemorrhage. Seeds collected from intestinal contents and sifted from the culpable feedstuff were planted. Examination of the leaves, flowers, fruits and seeds of the resultant plants identified C. occidentalis. Horses poisoned by C. occidentalis seeds demonstrate clinical signs associated with hepatoencephalopathy and frequently die suddenly. Lesions primarily involve the liver and secondarily, the central nervous system. Cassia occidentalis poisoning should be considered a differential diagnosis in horses with hepatoencephalopathy and special caution should be taken with horse rations to avoid contamination with seeds of this toxic plant.
A preliminary study into the correlation of stiffness of the laminar junction of the equine hoof with the length density of its secondary lamellae
Authors: KOCHOVÁ P. , WITTER K. , CIMRMAN R. , MEZEROVÁ J. , TONAR Z. 
Published: July 2012

SummaryReason for performing study: The relationship between mechanical behaviour and microscopic structure of the laminar junction of equine hooves under testing conditions requires elucidation.Objectives: To determine mechanical parameters and 2D length density of profiles of secondary lamellae of the laminar junction in the dermal region and to assess possible correlations.Methods: Specimens (25 samples in total) of the laminar junction were taken from front, quarter and heel parts from 3 equine hooves and exposed to a uniaxial tensile test until rupture to obtain Young's moduli of elasticity, ultimate stress and strain. Neighbouring specimens to those used for the biomechanical experiment were processed histologically to assess the length density of laminar junction basement membrane using stereological grids.Results: The estimated median (interquartile range) length density of the laminar junction basement membrane was 0.024 (0.020–0.027)/µm. Young's modulus of elasticity was 0.15 (0.11–0.35) MPa in the small deformation region, and 7.58 (6.14–8.68) MPa in the linear region was. The ultimate stress was 1.67 (1.41–2.67) MPa, and the ultimate strain was 0.50 (0.38–0.70). The Young's modulus of elasticity in the region of small deformations has a moderate correlation with the length density of the laminar junction basement membrane.Conclusions: As with most soft biological tissues, the laminar junction has a nonlinear mechanical behaviour. Within the range of small deformations, which correspond to physiological loading of the laminar junction, a higher length density of the laminar junction basement membrane is correlated with a higher resistance of the laminar junction against high stresses transmitted from the distal phalanx to the hoof wall.Potential relevance: The condition of the laminar junction apparatus may be easily quantified as the length density of profiles of secondary dermal lamellae. This quantification provides a simple tool that could be used for comparing the proneness of the various parts of the laminar junction to initial stages of laminitis.
Occurrence of Immunoglobulin M Antibodies against Several Bacterial and Viral Pathogens in Acute Hantavirus Infection
Authors: Wellinghausen Nele , Goetz Andrea , Weber Ursula 
Published: July 2012

ABSTRACT

Elevated levels of immunoglobulin M antibodies against various pathogens, most frequently Epstein-Barr-virus and
Coxiella burnetii
, were detected by immunoassay in 15 of 48 patients (31.3%) with acute Puumala virus infections. Although the mechanisms leading to this IgM response are not clear yet, polyspecific immunoglobulin M antibodies have to be taken into account to avoid misinterpretation of serological results in acute hantavirus infection.
Enhanced Priming of Adaptive Immunity by Mycobacterium smegmatis Mutants with High-Level Protein Secretion
Authors: Taylor Natalie , Bahunde Faith , Thompson Afton , Yu Jae-Sung , Jacobs William R. , Letvin Norm L. , Haynes Barton F. , Lee Sunhee 
Published: July 2012

ABSTRACT

Mycobacteria have features that make them attractive as potential vaccine vectors. The nonpathogenic and rapidly growing
Mycobacterium smegmatis
can express both
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
antigens and heterologous antigens from other pathogens, and it has been used as a viable vector for the development of live vaccines. In order to further improve antigen-specific immunogenicity of
M. smegmatis
, we screened a random transposon mutant library for mutants displaying enhanced efficiency of protein secretion (“high secretors”) and isolated 61 mutants showing enhanced endogenic and transgenic protein secretion. Sequence analysis identified a total of 54 genes involved in optimal secretion of insert proteins, as well as multiple independent transposon insertions localized within the same genomic loci and operons. The majority of transposon insertions occurred in genes that have no known protein secretion function. These transposon mutants were shown to prime antigen-specific CD8
+
T cell responses better than the parental strain. Specifically, upon introducing the simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV)
gag
gene into these transposon mutant strains, we observed that they primed SIV Gag-specific CD8
+
T cell responses significantly better than the control prime immunization in a heterologous prime/boost regimen. Our results reveal a dependence on bacterial secretion of mycobacterial and foreign antigens for the induction of antigen-specific CD8
+
T cells
in vivo
. The data also suggest that these
M. smegmatis
transposon mutants could be used as novel live attenuated vaccine strains to express foreign antigens, such as those of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), and induce strong antigen-specific T cell responses.
IgG Antibody Response to Toxins A and B in Patients with Clostridium difficile Infection
Authors: Wullt M. , Norén T. , Ljungh Å. , Åkerlund T. 
Published: July 2012

ABSTRACT

IgG antibodies against
Clostridium difficile
toxins A and B were followed in controls and in patients with an initial
C. difficile
infection (CDI). Of the 50 CDI patients, 38 were cured and 12 developed recurrence. Compared to controls, patients had significantly lower anti-toxin A and B IgGs at inclusion, but the subsequent levels rose slightly regardless of clinical outcome. The results imply that the general serum reactivity against toxins A and B in the population reduces the risk of CDI, which suggests implications for vaccine strategies.
Two-Component Cluster Analysis of a Large Serodiagnostic Database for Specificity of Increases of IgG Antibodies against Pertussis Toxin in Paired Serum Samples and of Absolute Values in Single Serum Samples
Authors: de Greeff Sabine C. , Teunis Peter , de Melker Hester E. , Mooi Frits R. , Notermans Daan W. , Elvers Bert , Schellekens Joop F. P. 
Published: July 2012

ABSTRACT

Measuring IgG antibodies against pertussis toxin (IgG-Ptx) with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) can be used to diagnose pertussis infection; however, the cutoff points are not unanimously defined. To determine the diagnostic specificity of increases of IgG-Ptx in paired sera and of absolute values in single serum samples, we applied a two-component cluster analysis to serum samples of patients suspected for pertussis, whose sera had been submitted to a routine diagnostic laboratory between 2003 and 2009, and had been assayed with an in-house IgG-Ptx ELISA calibrated with the international FDA lot 3 IgG-Ptx reference serum. Children eligible for the acellular pertussis vaccination were excluded to avoid interference from a vaccine-induced IgG-Ptx rise. Binary distribution mixtures were fitted to the data. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were calculated for absolute values in single samples (
n
= 14,452) and increases in paired samples (
n
= 2,455). For both parameters, two subpopulations could be identified: a population with high reactivity (persons with pertussis infection) and a population with low reactivity (persons without pertussis infection). For absolute values in single samples, the area under the curve (AUC) of the ROC curve was 0.993 and the optimum cutoff (with the highest cumulative value of specificity plus sensitivity) was 67.7 IU/ml (95% confidence interval, 63.9 to 74.1; sensitivity, 96.4%; specificity, 95.7%). A previously determined diagnostic cutoff of 125 IU/ml was associated with a sensitivity of 88.1% and a specificity of 98.8%. For increases in paired sera, the AUC was 0.999 and the optimum cutoff was 3.1-fold (95% CI, 2.8 to 3.4; sensitivity, 99.6%; specificity, 99.2%). Given the methodology of this study, estimates of sensitivity probably are overrated (because pertussis patients without IgG-Ptx response are not detected), but estimates of specificities can be considered very accurate.
Memory CD8+T Cells Are Sufficient To Alleviate Impaired Host Resistance to Influenza A Virus Infection Caused by Neonatal Oxygen Supplementation
Authors: Giannandrea Matthew , Yee Min , O'Reilly Michael A. , Lawrence B. Paige 
Published: July 2012

ABSTRACTSupplemental oxygen administered to preterm infants is an important clinical intervention, but it is associated with life-long changes in lung development and increased sensitivity to respiratory viral infections. The precise immunological changes caused by neonatal oxygen treatment remain poorly understood. We previously reported that adult mice exposed to supplemental oxygen as neonates display persistent pulmonary inflammation and enhanced mortality after a sublethal influenza A virus infection. These changes suggest that neonatal hyperoxia impairs the cytotoxic CD8+T cell response required to clear the virus. In this study, we show that although host resistance to several different strains of influenza A virus is reduced by neonatal hyperoxia, this treatment does not impair viral clearance, nor does it alter the magnitude of the virus-specific CD8+T cell response to primary infection. Moreover, memory T cells are sufficient to ameliorate the increased morbidity and mortality and alleviate the excessive lung damage observed in mice exposed to high oxygen levels as neonates, and we attribute this sufficiency principally to virus-specific memory CD8+T cells. Thus, we show that neonatal hyperoxia reduces host resistance to influenza virus infection without diminishing the function of cytotoxic T lymphocytes or the generation of virus-specific memory T cells and that CD8+memory T cells are sufficient to provide protection from negative consequences of this important life-saving intervention. Our findings suggest that vaccines that generate robust T cell memory may be efficacious at reducing the increased sensitivity to respiratory viral infections in people born prematurely.
Detection of Antibodies against Orientia tsutsugamushi Sca Proteins in Scrub Typhus Patients and Genetic Variation of
sca
Genes of Different Strains
Authors: Ha Na-Young , Kim Yuri , Choi Ji-Hye , Choi Myung-Sik , Kim Ik-Sang , Kim Yeon-Sook , Cho Nam-Hyuk 
Published: July 2012

ABSTRACT

Scrub typhus, caused by
Orientia tsutsugamushi
infection, is one of the main causes of acute febrile illness in the Asian-Pacific region. Although early diagnosis and immediate antibiotic treatment are critical for reducing disease severity and mortality, current diagnostic methods using serological and molecular approaches have some limitations in sensitivity and applicability in clinical laboratories. In this study, we identified and characterized
O. tsutsugamushi
surface cell antigen (
sca
) family genes encoding autotransporter proteins in order to test them as novel diagnostic targets. We evaluated antibody responses against the Sca proteins in scrub typhus patient sera and examined the genetic diversity of these genes in different strains after PCR amplification. Specific antibody responses against ScaA and ScaC were observed in patients with high indirect immunofluorescence assay titers (≥1:640), whereas specific responses against ScaB and ScaE were relatively low. Genetic analysis using genomic DNAs revealed the
sca
genes to be quite variable among the different strains. In contrast to
scaA
,
scaC
, and
scaD
, which were detected in all of the tested strains,
scaB
and
scaE
were amplified differentially from the different strains, suggesting a differential presence of the genes in the genomes. Among the members of the gene family, the sequence of
scaC
is the most highly conserved between the different strains, and the size of
scaD
is the most variable due to the presence of different numbers of internal repeat sequences. These results suggest that the
sca
genes of
O. tsutsugamushi
may be valuable targets for use in combination with classical assay methods for scrub typhus diagnosis.
Nocardia neocaldoniensis as a Cause of Skin and Soft Tissue Infection
Authors: McGhie Travea , Fader Robert , Carpenter John , Brown-Elliott Barbara A. , Vasireddy Ravikiran , Wallace Richard J. 
Published: July 2012

ABSTRACT

Nocardia neocaledoniensis
was introduced as a new environmental species of
Nocardia
in 2004. We present the first case of human skin and soft tissue infection caused by this species in a patient with rheumatoid arthritis receiving prednisone and methotrexate therapy.