bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Code-injection Vulnerabilities in Web Applications — Exemplified at Cross-site Scripting
Authors: Johns Martin 
Published: September 2011

Abstract
Cross-site Scripting (XSS) is one of the most prevalent vulnerability types that affect Web applications. This article provides an overview of a dissertation, which addresses the problem XSS as a whole: It starts with a systematic deduction of causes and consequences of XSS, proceeds with presenting countermeasures to mitigate potential XSS-based attacks, and finally provides a type-based methodology that guarantees the creation of XSS-free applications.
Doing out-group by doing in-group in Russian and Ukrainian women’ conflict style
Authors: Thielemann Nadine 
Published: September 2011

Abstract
The paper analyses several means and strategies to interactively construe an in-group identity and, thereby, co-construct and exclude an out-group, which are used in the context of Russian and Ukrainian women’s high involvement conflict style. The strategies are verbal, pragmatic and regarding contents. They apply on the level of phrasing, the content level and the level of interaction. The in-group and in effect also the out-group they conceptualise vary. Some devices establish a locally defined in-group which is mostly associated with the opponent in the discussion. Others create an in-group which is wider and culturally or socially defined. Accordingly, their potential to exclude an out-group also varies. It is shown how these strategies interact in the context of the analysed conflict communication.
Buchbesprechung
Authors: Kośny Witold 
Published: September 2011

Zusammenfassung
Keil, Rolf-Dietrich, Pukin- und Gogol′- Studien, Köln; Weimar; Wien: Böhlau Verlag, 2011. 429 S. (Bausteine zur slavischen Philologie und Kulturgeschichte Reihe A: Slavistische Forschungen; 69) ISBN 978-3-412-20565-2
Czochralski Growth of Indium Iodide and other Wide Bandgap Semiconductor Compounds
Authors: Nicoara I. , Nicoara D. , Bertorello C. , Slack G.A. , Ostrogorsky A. G. , Groza M. , Burger A. 
Published: September 2011

ABSTRACTThe Czochralski pulling process is the most valuable and cost efficient method for producing large oriented single crystals of the group IV and III-V semiconductors. However, there have been only a small number of reported attempts to use the Czochralski process for growing the wide bandgap compound semiconductors, needed for the room temperature operated gamma-ray detectors. The main difficulty is in the low chemical stability and high vapor pressure of the group II, V and VI elements, leading to off-stoichiometric composition, and various related defects. Among the heavy metal halides, indium iodide and indium bromide present an interesting exception. InI has a high molecular disassociation energy and a low vapor pressure, allowing for Czochralski pulling. We will describe the procedures used and the results obtained by Czochralski growth and characterization of indium iodide and the related ternary compounds that appear to be quite encouraging.
Synthesis, Fabrication, and Characterization of Multidimensional Nanoparticle Based Thermoelectric Materials Composed of Bismuth, Antimony, and Tellurium.
Authors: Mott Derrick , Mai Nguyen T. , Thuy Nguyen T. B. , Sakata Teruyoshi , Koyano Mikio , Maenosono Shinya 
Published: September 2011

ABSTRACTWith the event of nanotechnology, the field of thermoelectric (TE) materials has been re-invigorated with many recent advances towards materials with high thermoelectric efficiency (dimensionless figure of merit, ZT). The realization of such materials opens up new avenues to the creation of devices that can be used in freon-less refrigeration, micro-electronic cooling, or for harnessing lost heat energy from sources such as car engines. In our own research work, we have successfully devised a synthetic technique towards nanoparticles composed of bismuth, antimony, and tellurium that has proven highly versatile in tuning both the composition and shape/structure of the resulting nanoparticles. The ability to control the nanoparticle composition and shape/structure are highly important as these are critical parameters that dictate the resulting devices TE activity. In a modified polyol synthetic technique, it was found that many complex composition, shape, and structure combinations could be obtained for the nanoparticles including Bi-Sb nanodiscs with controllable size, a heterostructure composed of Sb2Te3 nanodiscs deposited on Te nanowires, or small particles deposited on a (Bi0.5Sb0.5)2Te3 wire, just to name a few. By simply changing the capping ligands used in the synthesis, the nanoparticles resulting composition, morphology and structure could be changed, leading to a straightforward route towards TE nanoparticles with interesting properties. This presentation focuses on our recent study of the synthesis of bismuth, antimony, and tellurium composite nanoparticles with applications in thermoelectric materials in terms of understanding the underlying mechanisms of the synthetic technique, and characterization of the resulting nanomaterial properties.
Nonlinear Micro-Processing of Silicon by Ultrafast Fiber Laser at 1552 nm
Authors: Ito Yoshiro , Tanabe Rie , Tada Kozo 
Published: September 2011

ABSTRACTProcessing of transparent materials by non-linear absorption mechanisms induced by short pulse lasers has been applied in many fields. Silicon (Si) is widely used materials in microelectronics, MEMS and photonics. It is, however, not transparent for commonly used processing lasers in near infrared to ultraviolet spectral range and has not been a subject for the non-linear processing by lasers so far. In this paper, possibilities and capabilities of non-linear processing of Si by 900 fs, 1552nm laser radiation are described with special emphasis on application to frequency adjustment of a crystal oscillator in a package made from Si.
Thin and Robust Encapsulation of Silver and Gold Nanoparticles with Dithiocarbamate-anchored Polyelectrolytes
Authors: Jao Chih-Yu , Chen Kai , Lee Yong-Woo , Robinson Hans D. 
Published: September 2011

ABSTRACTA robust, stable and thin primary amine functionalization is applied to gold and silver nanoparticles from poly(allylamine hydrochloride) (PAH) by converting a fraction of the amine groups in the polymer to dithiocarbamate (DTC) ligands, which absorb strongly onto noble metal surfaces. We observe marked improvements in the properties of gold nanospheres with a DTC-anchored rather than physisorbed PAH cap. The same level of improvement is not seen in silver nanoparticles, although it is clear from a distinct change in the plasmon spectrum in silver nanocubes that the DTC ligand does interact with the silver surface. In spite of their amine functionalization, both silver and gold particles show low cytotoxicity, possibly due to absorption of serum proteins forming a protective coating on the positively charged particle surface.
Enhanced Electroluminescence of CdSe/ZnS Quantum Dot Light–emitting Diodes with Phosphorescent Donors
Authors: Zhang Yiqiang , Cao X. A. 
Published: September 2011

ABSTRACTWe demonstrated the enhancement of electroluminescence (EL) from green CdSe/ZnS QDs in hybrid QD/organic light-emitting diodes (QD-LEDs) by employing blue phosphorescent dyes Bis(4,6-difluorophenylpyridinato-N,C2)picolinatoiridium (FIrpic) as efficient exciton harvesters and energy transfer donors. Precise control of the concentration of the FIrpic donors doped in a 4,4’-N, N’-dicarbazole-biphenyl (CBP) host and their distance from the QD layer led to complete triplet exciton energy transfer and EL enhancement by a factor of 2.5. The Förster distance between FIrpic molecules and green CdSe/ZnS QDs was determined to be ∼ 8 nm, which is in a good agreement with the value calculated using the Förster model. Our study shows that integrating colloidal QDs with phosphorescent organic dyes provides an effective means for improving the quantum efficiency of QD-based hybrid LEDs.
Ultrafast X-ray Lasers Illuminate Airborne Nanoparticle Morphology
Authors: Bogan Michael J. 
Published: September 2011

ABSTRACTThe world’s first hard x-ray FEL (XFEL), the Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS) is operational, steadily producing mJ energy, <75 fs pulses of 1.5 Å x-rays (1012 photons per pulse), a billion times more intensity than any other X-ray source. XFELs have stimulated the shift from the use of x-rays to probe periodic structures, such as crystals, to imaging non-periodic structures using ultrabright x-ray pulses shorter than the time for required for the onset of damage. The international community has embraced the potential as additional XFELs are currently being constructed in Japan, Italy and Germany with many more already planned or in construction elsewhere. Here the recent efforts to extend x-ray microscopy to the nanoscale for airborne particles using diffract-and-destroy methods are reviewed. Projecting current experimental results to future facilities suggests that gains of more than 104 in data acquisition rates are possible by 2020. This projection emphasizes the need for the development of fast x-ray detectors, infrastructure investments to handle the rapid data rate and storage requirements, as well as the appropriate training of scientists to handle data interpretation. Further improvements in particle delivery methods are also necessary, in particular to reduce sample consumption and to provide orthogonal data channels for each individual particle imaged. The projected growth of single particle CXDI data rates show great promise for the field. However, to achieve the resolution required to solve many scientific problems tractable with single-shot imaging, improvements in the absolute number of photons per pulse in a given area are still necessary.
Ultrafast Laser Processing of Hybrid Micro- and Nano-structures in Silicate Glasses
Authors: Mardilovich Pavel , Fletcher Luke , Troy Neil , Yang Lihmei , Huang Huan , Risbud Subhash , Krol Denise M. 
Published: September 2011

ABSTRACTThis study describes the fabrication of hybrid micro- and nanostructures of semiconductor nanocrystals arranged in microscopic lines inside of a borosilicate glass doped with CdSxSe1-x. This was performed using a two step process of (1) ultrafast laser modification and (2) heat treatment. The glass was photomodified using focused sub-picosecond infra-red pulses with 1 MHz repetition rate to create linear domains with local compositional variations. Heat treating the sample at temperatures near glass transition preferentially precipitated semiconductor in the modified regions, as evidenced by confocal fluorescence microscopy. The optical properties of the precipitated nanocrystals varied with heat treatment duration.
Genetic Testing for Global Developmental Delay in Early Childhood
Authors: Zhang Jiamei , Xu Yiran , Liu Yun , Yue Ling , Jin Hongfang , Chen Yongqian , Wang Dong , Wang Mingmei , Chen Gongxun , Yang Lei , Zhang Guangyu , Zhang Xiaoli , Li Sansong , Zhao Huiling , Zhao Yunxia , Niu Guohui , Gao Yongqiang , Cai Zhijun , Yang Fan , Zhu Changlian , Zhu Dengna 
Published: June 2024

ImportanceGlobal developmental delay (GDD) is characterized by a complex etiology, diverse phenotypes, and high individual heterogeneity, presenting challenges for early clinical etiologic diagnosis. Cognitive impairment is the core symptom, and despite the pivotal role of genetic factors in GDD development, the understanding of them remains limited.ObjectivesTo assess the utility of genetic detection in patients with GDD and to examine the potential molecular pathogenesis of GDD to identify targets for early intervention.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis multicenter, prospective cohort study enrolled patients aged 12 to 60 months with GDD from 6 centers in China from July 4, 2020, to August 31, 2023. Participants underwent trio whole exome sequencing (trio-WES) coupled with copy number variation sequencing (CNV-seq). Bioinformatics analysis was used to unravel pathogenesis and identify therapeutic targets.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe main outcomes of this study involved enhancing the rate of positive genetic diagnosis for GDD, broadening the scope of genetic testing indications, and investigating the underlying pathogenesis. The classification of children into levels of cognitive impairment was based on the developmental quotient assessed using the Gesell scale.ResultsThe study encompassed 434 patients with GDD (262 [60%] male; mean [SD] age, 25.75 [13.24] months) with diverse degrees of cognitive impairment: mild (98 [23%]), moderate (141 [32%]), severe (122 [28%]), and profound (73 [17%]). The combined use of trio-WES and CNV-seq resulted in a 61% positive detection rate. Craniofacial abnormalities (odds ratio [OR], 2.27; 95% CI, 1.45-3.56), moderate or severe cognitive impairment (OR, 1.69; 95% CI, 1.05-2.70), and age between 12 and 24 months (OR, 1.57; 95% CI, 1.05-2.35) were associated with a higher risk of carrying genetic variants. Additionally, bioinformatics analysis suggested that genetic variants may induce alterations in brain development and function, which may give rise to cognitive impairment. Moreover, an association was found between the dopaminergic pathway and cognitive impairment.Conclusions and RelevanceIn this cohort study of patients with GDD, combining trio-WES with CNV-seq was a demonstrable, instrumental strategy for advancing the diagnosis of GDD. The close association among genetic variations, brain development, and clinical phenotypes contributed valuable insights into the pathogenesis of GDD. Notably, the dopaminergic pathway emerged as a promising focal point for potential targets in future precision medical interventions for GDD.
Colloidal Hydrogel for Sensitizing Microwave Ablation‐Induced in Situ Tumor Vaccination and Modulating Innate and Adaptive Immunotherapy
Authors: Tian Tian , Wang Jingguo , Wang Weitao , Wu Haitao , Li Qianhui , Wang Fei , Wang Hua , Zha Zhengbao 
Published: June 2024

AbstractDrawing inspiration from recent advances in microwave ablation (MWA) induced in situ tumor vaccination, a colloidal hydrogel comprising amphoteric gelatin nanoparticles and poly (acrylic acid) (PAA)‐calcium carbonate nanorods (PAA‐CaCO3 NRs) is developed to deliver the microwave‐sensitive agent sodium fluoride (NaF) which can also act as a glycolysis inhibitor in conjunction with the blockade of the T‐cell Ig and ITIM domain (TIGIT), a coinhibitory receptor expressed by both natural killer (NK) cells and T cells. The combination of NaF with microwave (MW) thermal‐dynamic sensitization effectively reversed the acidic and immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME). Moreover, the incorporation of anti‐TIGIT monoclonal antibody (aTIGIT) molecules amplified both the innate and adaptive immune responses by counteracting the exhaustion of NK and effective CD8+ T cells. This augmentation resulted in enhanced tumor elimination and suppression of tumor metastasis and recurrence. Thus, this study underscores the potential of colloidal hydrogel‐sensitized MWA therapy, in conjunction with aTIGIT treatments, as a promising clinical strategy for in situ cancer vaccination.
Overall Design of a Gradient‐Ordered Membrane Electrode Assembly for Direct Liquid Fuel Cells
Authors: Pan Zhefei , Xie Fengjia , Zhang Zhewei , Zhao Zhen , Wu Lizhen , Li Wenzhi , Zhu Yao , Huo Xiaoyu , Liu Yun , Zhang Xuming , Chen Rong , An Liang 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe direct liquid fuel cell (DLFC) constitutes a promising energy conversion system that directly conveys the chemical energy of liquid fuels into electrical energy. In certain DLFCs, gas is produced as a product of electrochemical reactions during operation. However, the accumulation of gas inside the porous electrode can significantly hinder the transport of reactants, leading to the failure of active sites and severe concentration loss. To address this issue, a gradient‐ordered membrane electrode assembly (MEA) is designed and fabricated, consisting of a dual‐gradient diffusion layer that comprises a pore‐size gradient and a wettability gradient as well as a catalyst layer constructed by nanoneedle catalyst. This MEA promptly removes the produced gas and delivers the fresh solution, thereby enhancing the cell power output and stability. The fuel cell with the gradient‐ordered MEA achieves a remarkable peak power density of 177 mW cm−2 and a discharging time of 19 h, which are more than four times and 30 times, respectively, higher than those of the conventional MEA.
Artificial Phages with Biocatalytic Spikes for Synergistically Eradicating Antibiotic‐Resistant Biofilms
Authors: Xiao Sutong , Xie Lan , Gao Yang , Wang Mao , Geng Wei , Wu Xizheng , Rodriguez Raul D. , Cheng Liang , Qiu Li , Cheng Chong 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAntibiotic‐resistant pathogens have become a global public health crisis, especially biofilm‐induced refractory infections. Efficient, safe, and biofilm microenvironment (BME)‐adaptive therapeutic strategies are urgently demanded to combat antibiotic‐resistant biofilms. Here, inspired by the fascinating biological structures and functions of phages, the de novo design of a spiky Ir@Co3O4 particle is proposed to serve as an artificial phage for synergistically eradicating antibiotic‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus biofilms. Benefiting from the abundant nanospikes and highly active Ir sites, the synthesized artificial phage can simultaneously achieve efficient biofilm accumulation, extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) penetration, and superior BME‐adaptive reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, thus facilitating the in situ ROS delivery and enhancing the biofilm eradication. Moreover, transcriptomics found that the artificial phage obstructs the bacterial attachment to EPS, disrupts the maintenance of the BME, and fosters the dispersion and eradication of biofilms by down‐regulating the associated genes for the biosynthesis and preservation of both intra‐ and extracellular environments. The in vivo results demonstrate that the artificial phage can treat the biofilm‐induced recalcitrant infected wounds equivalent to vancomycin. It is suggested that the design of this spiky artificial phage with synergistic “penetrate and eradicate” capability to treat antibiotic‐resistant biofilms offers a new pathway for bionic and nonantibiotic disinfection.
Nanofabrication and Sensing Technology: from the Interface‐Mediated Mechanism Point‐of‐View
Authors: Kar Pubali , Guerra Elmer Ismael , Liao Wei‐Ssu 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIn recent years, the field of sensing technology has experienced notable advancements, where sensing devices have emerged as pivotal tools in enhancing operational efficiency, cutting costs, and bolstering security across diverse sectors. In this context, the preparation of nanoscale materials and structures, including colloidal particle synthesis and lithographic structure fabrication will be discussed. The significance of managing the interface environment in sensor designs, with nanofabrication advancements enabling the development of innovative sensing devices, is highlighted. Control over the interface environment is argued not only dictates the capability of sensor designs but also opens avenues for next‐generation sensor fabrication and integration. By focusing on the interface‐mediated mechanism, this approach offers a comprehensive roadmap of this research area, its challenges and potential solutions, and prospective opportunities.
How China's agribusiness achieves reciprocal symbiosis with farmers? A comparative analysis of the investment sector
Authors: Li Yue , Xu Yingzhi 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAgribusiness facilitating market access for farmers is a key strategy for driving rural industrial rejuvenation in China. However, the persistent cooperative conundrum poses challenges to the integration of agribusiness and farmer interests. Utilizing goal planning analysis, this study delves into the profit‐driven behavioral logic of agribusiness and farmers to elucidate the conditions that influence their reciprocal symbiosis across various investment sectors. Through the crisp‐set qualitative comparative analysis method, this investigation parses data from 109 instances of agribusiness initiatives in rural areas, identifying four pivotal conditions conducive to reciprocal symbiosis: the farmers' information abundance (in production/processing and sales), incentive policies (in production), agribusiness's professional capabilities (in productive services), and the scale of demand (in productive services). Additionally, five principal sufficient conditions emerge: “Investment in production * information abundance of farmers * ~natural risk”, “Investment in production * natural risk * professional ability of farmers * profit sharing”, “Investment in processing and sales * information abundance of farmers * ~market risk * ~bidirectional specificity”, “Investment in processing and sales * bidirectional specificity * market risk * ~profit sharing”, and “Investment in productive services * professional ability of agribusiness * demand scale”. These findings illuminate the multifaceted interactions that underpin successful agribusiness‐farmer synergies [EconLit Citations: L23].
Emotional contagion in a collective ritual
Authors: Xygalatas Dimitris , Lang Martin , Maňo Peter , Krátký Jan , Fischer Ronald 
Published: June 2024

AbstractCollective gatherings are often associated with the alignment of psychophysiological states between members of a crowd. While the process of emotional contagion has been studied extensively in dyads as well as at the population level, our understanding of its operation and dynamics as they unfold in real time in real‐world group contexts remains limited. Employing a naturalistic design, we investigated emotional contagion in a public religious ritual by examining the relationship between interpersonal distance and autonomic arousal. We found that proximity in space was associated with heightened affective synchrony between participants in the context of the emotionally laden ritual (a Hindu procession) compared with an unstructured walk along the same route performed by the same group. Our findings contribute to the understanding of collective emotions and their underlying psychophysiological mechanisms, emphasizing the role of cultural practices in shaping collective emotional experiences.