bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: Design and Synthesis of Certain Mesoionic Sydnonyl Styrylketones as Potential Nonsteroidal Antiinflammatory Agents.
Authors: Deshpande Shreenivas Ramachandrarao , Pai Karkala Vasantakumar , Pai Ranganath Sridhar 
Published: June 2011

AbstractCompounds containing both the structural features of mesoionic sydnones and styrylketone (III) (9 examples) are designed and synthesized as potential analgesic and antiinflammatory agents using a Claisen—Schmidt reaction.
ChemInform Abstract: Highly Enantioselective Synthesis of α‐Trichloromethyldihydropyrans Catalyzed by Bifunctional Organocatalysts.
Authors: Wang Hai‐Feng , Li Peng , Cui Hai‐Feng , Wang Xaio‐Wei , Zhang Jun‐Kang , Liu Wen , Zhao Gang 
Published: June 2011

AbstractA series of title compounds is obtained with up to 99% yield and 95% e.e.
ChemInform Abstract: Catalytic Asymmetric Conjugate Addition of Grignard Reagents to Coumarins—Synthesis of Versatile Chiral Building Blocks.
Authors: Teichert Johannes F. , Feringa Ben L. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractThe copper‐catalyzed conjugate addition of Grignard reagents (II) to coumarins (I) and (VIII) proceeds with good yields and high enantioselectivities in most cases.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of 5‐Membered Spiro Heterocycle‐Benzopyran Derivatives Against Myocardial Ischemia.
Authors: Rapposelli Simona , Breschi Maria Cristina , Calderone Vincenzo , Digiacomo Maria , Martelli Alma , Testai Lara , Vanni Michael , Balsamo Aldo 
Published: June 2011

AbstractSome of the synthesized compounds, e.g. (VIIIa), can exert a cardioprotective effect on Langendorff‐perfused rat hearts.
ChemInform Abstract: Access to 2,3‐Bis(buta‐1,3‐diynyl)pyridines.
Authors: Sorokoumov Viktor N. , Popik Vladimir V. , Balova Irina A. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractDepending on the reaction conditions the Sonogashira reaction of 2‐bromo‐3‐iodo‐pyridine with buta‐1,3‐diynes yields 2‐bromo‐3‐(buta‐1,3‐diynyl)‐ or 2,3‐bis‐(buta‐1,3‐diynyl)pyridines.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective [4 + 2] Cycloaddition of Ketenes and 1‐Azadienes Catalyzed by N‐Heterocyclic Carbenes.
Authors: Jian Teng‐Yue , Shao Pan‐Lin , Ye Song 
Published: June 2011

AbstractAn enantioselective synthesis of highly substituted dihydropyridin‐2‐ones is realized using an unprecedented NHC‐catalyzed cycloaddition of 1‐azadienes and ketenes.
ChemInform Abstract: An Efficient One‐Pot Synthesis of Novel Polysubstituted 4‐Amino‐2,3‐dihydropyridines.
Authors: Mahajan Nitu , Sambyal Ambika , Pannu Ajay P. S. , Razdan T. K. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractIndium triflate catalyzed reaction of ketones and aldehydes with malononitrile and acetonitrile provides the title compounds (IV) and (VIII), Subsequent hydrolysis or reduction gives the corresponding carboxylic acids and amines, respectively.
ChemInform Abstract: Reactive Spin State Dependent Enantiospecific Photocyclization of Axially Chiral α‐Substituted Acrylanilides.
Authors: Ayitou Anoklase Jean‐Luc , Sivaguru J. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractThe triplet sensitized irradiation of axially chiral acrylanilides (I) leads to dihydroquinolinones (II) with high enantioselectivities.
ChemInform Abstract: Highly Diastereoselective Synthesis of New Heterolignan‐Like 6,7‐Methylendioxy‐tetrahydroquinolines Using the Clove Bud Essential Oil as Raw Material.
Authors: Merchan Arenas Diego R. , Rojas Ruiz Fernando A. , Kouznetsov Vladimir V. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractA highly diastereoselective synthesis of (IV) and (VI) as analogues of alkaloid structures is achieved via three‐component Povarov reaction utilizing trans‐isoeugenol as major component in an isomerized mixture of clove bud essential oil without previous purification.
ChemInform Abstract: The Discovery of Furo[2,3‐c]pyridine‐Based Indanone Oximes as Potent and Selective B‐Raf Inhibitors.
Authors: Ren Li , et al. et al. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractThe synthesis of title compounds, e.g. (VI), as highly potent and selective inhibitors of B‐Raf is described.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Antimicrobial Activities of 2‐Substituted 12H‐Chromeno[3,2‐e][1,2,4]triazolo[1,5‐c]pyrimidines, 3‐Ethoxycarbonyl‐12H‐chromeno[3,2‐e][1,2,4]triazolo [1,5‐c]pyrimidine‐2‐one and Ethyl 2‐Formylamino‐ and 2‐Acetylamino‐4H‐chromene‐3‐carboxylates.
Authors: El‐Agrody Ahmed M. , Sabry Nermien M. , Motlaq Shymaa S. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractCompounds (V) and (VIIIa) exhibit significant activity against a broad range of microorganism, e.
ChemInform Abstract: Potent and Selective Cyclohexyl‐Derived Imidazopyrazine Insulin‐Like Growth Factor 1 Receptor Inhibitors with in vivo Efficacy.
Authors: Jin Meizhong , et al. et al. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractA series of 8‐amino‐imidazo[1,5‐a]pyrazine derived inhibitors of IGF‐1R which feature a substituted quinoline moiety at the C1 position and a cyclohexyl linking moiety at the C‐3 position is synthesized.
ChemInform Abstract: (Z)Selective Intramolecular Horner—Wadsworth—Emmons Reaction for the Synthesis of Macrocyclic Alkenes.
Authors: Ando Kaori , Sato Kaori 
Published: June 2011

AbstractThe reaction of diarylphosphonates proceeds with good (Z)‐selectivity to give 13‐ to 18‐membered cyclic alkenes.
ChemInform Abstract: Pinacol Boronates by Direct Arene Borylation with Borenium Cations.
Authors: Del Grosso Alessandro , Singleton Paul J. , Muryn Christopher A. , Ingleson Michael J. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractIt is demonstrated, that catecholato ligated borenium cations, generated in solution from CCB, react as electrophiles with activated arenes and hetarenes to give a variety of pinacol boronates after quenching with pinacol.
ChemInform Abstract: Pyrrolidinone Diterpenoid from Isodon excisus and Inhibition of Nitric Oxide Production in Lipopolysaccharide‐Induced Macrophage RAW264.7 Cells.
Authors: Hwang Bang Yeon , et al. et al. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractA new pyrrolidinone diterpenoid, excisusin F (I), is isolated together with four known compounds from the aerial parts of the title plant (Lamiaceae).
ChemInform Abstract: Potent Radiosensitizing Agents: 5‐Methylselenyl‐ and 5‐Phenylselenyl‐methyl‐2′‐deoxyuridine.
Authors: Rode Ambadas B. , Kim Byeong Mo , Park Seon Hwa , Hong In Seok , Hong Sung Hee 
Published: June 2011

AbstractThe newly synthesized 5‐methylselenyl‐methyl‐2′‐deoxyuridine (I) is applied together with the known corresponding 5‐phenylselenyl derivative for cytotoxicity tests and radiosensitizing experiments using H460 lung cancer cell line.
ChemInform Abstract: Selective Antagonists of Mouse Trace Amine‐Associated Receptor 1 (mTAAR1): Discovery of EPPTB (RO5212773).
Authors: Stalder Henri , Hoener Marius C. , Norcross Roger D. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractEPPTB (I) is disclosed as the first selective TAAR1 antagonist.
ChemInform Abstract: Stepwise Syntheses of Complex μ‐Oxo‐linked Heterochromophore Arrays Containing Phthalocyanine, Porphyrin and Subphthalocyanine Ligands
Authors: Cammidge Andrew N. , Nekelson Fabien , Hughes David L. , Zhao Zhixin , Cook Michael J. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractReview: 39 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Genetic Algorithm Optimization in Drug Design QSAR: Bayesian‐Regularized Genetic Neural Networks (BRGNN) and Genetic Algorithm‐Optimized Support Vectors Machines (GA‐SVM)
Authors: Fernandez Michael , Caballero Julio , Fernandez Leyden , Sarai Akinori 
Published: June 2011

AbstractReview: 105 refs.
Chlorherstellung mit Sauerstoffverzehrkathoden. Energieeinsparung bei der Elektrolyse
Authors: Jörissen Jakob , Turek Thomas , Weber Rainer 
Published: June 2011

AbstractChlor ist eine der wichtigsten Grundchemikalien und wird für die Synthese von rund 2/3 aller chemischen Erzeugnisse wie Polymeren, Pflanzenschutzmitteln, Arzneistoffen, Produkten für die Trinkwasseraufbereitung bis hin zum hochreinen Silicium für Photovoltaik‐ und Elektronik‐Anwendungen benötigt. Die industrielle Produktion von Chlor durch die Chlor‐Alkali‐Elektrolyse kann seit 1975 mit dem Membran‐Verfahren durchgeführt werden, dessen weltweiter Marktanteil stetig steigt. Zunehmende Bedeutung erlangen auch Verfahren zum Recycling von Chlor aus Chlorwasserstoff. Der immer noch sehr hohe Bedarf an elektrischer Energie der elektrochemischen Syntheseverfahren kann signifikant um bis zu 30% verringert werden, wenn die Wasserstoff‐erzeugenden Elektroden in den klassischen Verfahren durch Sauerstoffverzehrkathoden (SVK) ersetzt werden, die aus Brennstoffzellen bekannt sind. Während die Elektrolyse von Chlorwasserstoff mit SVK bereits in Großanlagen durchgeführt wird, steht auch die Chlor‐Alkali‐Elektrolyse mit SVK auf Basis von Natriumchlorid vor dem technischen Durchbruch. Ab 2011 wird das neue Verfahren in einer Demonstrationsanlage der Bayer MaterialScience AG mit einer jährlichen Kapazität von 20000 t Cl2 am Standort Uerdingen erprobt. Die Chlor‐Alkali‐Elektrolyse mit SVK könnte zukünftig einen wesentlichen Beitrag zur energieeffizienteren Synthese von Chlor und zur Minderung der indirekten CO2‐Emissionen leisten.
Rückkehr zum Ursprung des Lebens
Authors: Groß Michael 
Published: June 2011

AbstractIm Jahre 1953 führte ein Doktorand namens Stanley Miller ein Experiment aus, das zu einem Klassiker der modernen Wissenschaft werden sollte. Mehr als ein halbes Jahrhundert später haben seine aufbewahrten Substanzproben jetzt weitere Erkenntnisse geliefert.
Regulation of antigen‐expressing dendritic cells by double negative regulatory T cells
Authors: Gao Julia Fang , McIntyre Megan S. Ford , Juvet Stephen C. , Diao Jun , Li Xujian , Vanama Ramesh B. , Mak Tak W. , Cattral Mark S. , Zhang Li 
Published: June 2011

AbstractTCRαβ+CD3+CD4−CD8−NK1.1− double negative (DN) Tregs comprise 1–3% of peripheral T lymphocytes in mice and humans. It has been demonstrated that DN Tregs can suppress allo‐, xeno‐ and auto‐immune responses in an Ag‐specific fashion. However, the mechanisms by which DN Tregs regulate immune responses remain elusive. Whether DN Tregs can regulate DCs has not been investigated previously. In this study, we demonstrate that DN Tregs express a high level of CTLA4 and are able to down‐regulate costimulatory molecules CD80 and CD86 expressed on Ag‐expressing mature DCs (mDCs). DN Tregs from CTLA4 KO mice were not able to downregulate CD80 and CD86 expression, indicating that CTLA4 is critical for DN Treg‐mediated downregulation of costimulatory molecule expression on Ag‐expressing mature DCs. Furthermore, DN Tregs could kill both immature and mature allogeneic DCs, as well as Ag‐loaded syngeneic DCs, in an Ag‐specific manner in vitro and in vivo, mainly through the Fas‐FasL pathway. These data demonstrate, for the first time, that DN Tregs are potent regulators of DCs and may have the potential to be developed as a novel immune suppression treatment.
Enhancing alloreactivity does not restore GVHD induction but augments skin graft rejection by CD4+ effector memory T cells
Authors: Anderson Britt E. , Tang Anita L. , Wang Ying , Froicu Monica , Rothstein David , McNiff Jennifer M. , Jain Dhanpat , Demetris Anthony J. , Farber Donna L. , Shlomchik Warren D. , Shlomchik Mark J. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractGraft‐versus‐host disease (GVHD) caused by donor T cells attacking recipient tissues is a major cause of morbidity and mortality following allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (alloSCT). Studies have shown that effector memory T (TEM) cells do not cause GVHD but are capable of immune functions post‐transplant, including graft‐versus‐leukemia (GVL) effects, but the reasons for this are unclear. In mice, the TEM pool may have a less diverse T‐cell receptor (TCR) repertoire than naive T (TN) cells with fewer alloreactive clones. We therefore tested whether enhancing the alloreactivity of TEM cells would restore their ability to cause GVHD. In an MHC‐matched system, alloreactive TEM cells were created by transferring GVHD effector cells into syngeneic recipients and allowing conversion to TEM cells. Upon retransfer to freshly transplanted recipients, these cells caused only mild GVHD. Similarly, in an MHC‐mismatched system, TEM cells with a proven increased precursor frequency of alloreactive clones only caused limited GVHD. Nonetheless, these same cells mounted strong in vitro alloresponses and caused rapid skin graft rejection. TEM cells created from CD4+ T cells that had undergone lymphopenia‐induced proliferation (LIP) also caused only mild GVHD. Our findings establish that conversion to TEM cells significantly reduces GVHD potency, even in cells with a substantially enhanced alloreactive repertoire.
Group 11 Amidinates and Guanidinates: Potential Precursors for Vapour Deposition
Authors: Whitehorne Todd J. J. , Coyle Jason P. , Mahmood Ahsan , Monillas Wesley H. , Yap Glenn P. A. , Barry Seán T. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractSeveral guanidinates of copper and silver, as well as amidinates and guanidinates of gold were synthesized as potential precursors for vapour deposition methods. These compounds were found to be dimers in the case of copper and gold, and trimers in the case of silver. The copper compounds showed good thermal and photostability, and were isolable by sublimation. The silver compounds proved to be very reactive to both heat and light, and were found to deposit silver metal when heated, suggesting that these sensitive compounds might be used as single source precursors. The gold compounds were found to exhibit some heat and light sensitivity, but were much more stable than their silver counterparts. Specifically, [Au(NiPr)2NMe2]2 (8) was found to be sublimable at 85 °C and 20 mTorr, and deposited gold metal under higher temperatures. These metal‐depositing thermal reactions were thought to abstract a hydrogen from the guanidinate ligand, which acts as the reducing agent. Interestingly, the gold amidinate compounds were found to produce diisopropylcarbodiimide when heated, suggesting that these compounds deinsert carbodiimide rather than abstract a hydrogen atom from the ligand.
Bioavailability and pharmacokinetics of bufadienolides‐loaded lipid microspheres after different administrations to rats
Authors: Weng Yan , Jin Jian , Pan Cheng , Meng Lingkuo , Tang Xing 
Published: June 2011

AbstractThe degradation kinetics in vitro and pharmacokinetics of bufadienolides loaded in lipid microsphere (BU‐LM) after intravenous (IV) administration were investigated and compared with bufadienolides solution (BU‐S). The bioavailabilities of BU‐LM after intraportal (FIP), intraduodenal (FID), and intragastric (FIG) administrations to rats were also evaluated. The degradation kinetics showed that BU‐LM could protect bufadienolides from rapid metabolism in the plasma and gastrointestinal tract. The pharmacokinetic study revealed that BU‐LM after IV administration exhibited longer half‐life, longer mean residence time and higher apparent volume of distribution than intravenous BU‐S. After different routes of administration of BU‐LM, cinobufagin (C), and resibufogenin (R) were metabolized completely and could not be detected at an oral dose of 6 mg/kg. Furthermore, C exhibited a complete hepatic first‐pass effect after IP administration of 0.5 mg/kg BU‐LM. Bufalin (B), the lowest component of the BU‐LM could be detected at any administration and the FIG, FID, and FIP for B were 43.05, 88.93, and 93.31%, respectively. R had a FID and FIP of only 1.51 and 2.77%, respectively. The results demonstrated that the stomach appeared to be the dominating site of metabolism for B and the liver for C and R.Practical applications: Bufadienolides, consisting of bufalin (B), binobufagin (C), and resibufogenin (R) are easily hydrolyzed (catalyzed by acids, bases, and enzymes) and are metabolized rapidly in rats because of their chemical structures, especially C. However, the three bufadienolides could be protected from degradation effectively and the degradation half‐lives could be extended to different degrees by using lipid microspheres (LM) as a delivery system. Also, after intravenous administration to rats, bufadienolides‐loaded lipid microspheres (BU‐LM) could slow down the metabolism and elimination of bufadienolides, delay the release and increase the targeted effect of the drug compared with bufadienolides aqueous solution (BU‐Siv). Consequently, LM is a promising alternative vehicle for bufadienolides.
Anodic Stripping Voltammetry Combined with Sequential Injection Analysis for Measurements of Trace Metal Ions with Bismuth‐ and Antimony Film Electrodes under Comparable Conditions
Authors: Guzsvány Valéria , Nakajima Hizuru , Soh Nobuaki , Nakano Koji , Švancara Ivan , Vytřas Karel , Bjelica Luka , Imato Toshihiko 
Published: June 2011

AbstractAnodic stripping voltammetry combined with sequential injection analysis (ASV‐SIA) was selected to examine the use of bismuth‐ and antimony‐film plated glassy carbon electrodes under comparable conditions for the determination of Pb(II) and Cd(II) ions. Of interest were the conditions for film deposition, as well as the composition of sample/carrier solutions, including concentrations of Sb(III) or Bi(III) and HCl. Then, by the optimized procedure, one could determine Pb(II), Cd(II), and Zn(II) ions at the low µg L−1 level and ASV‐SIA configuration with both electrodes tested on analysis of a water sample.
Biocidal and anti‐corrosive activities of benzoimidazol‐3‐ium cationic Schiff base surfactants
Authors: Negm Nabel A. , Ghuiba Ferial M. , Mahmoud Soad A. , Tawfik Salah M. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractTwo series of cationic Schiff base surfactants, namely, 2‐(benzylideneamino)‐3‐(2‐oxo‐2‐alkoxyethyl)‐1,3‐benzoimidazol‐3‐ium bromide (IA–D) and 2‐[(4‐methoxybenzylidene) amino]‐3‐(2‐oxo‐2‐alkoxyethyl)‐1,3‐benzoimidazol‐3‐ium bromide (IIA–D) were prepared. The chemical structures of the prepared Schiff bases were recognized by elemental analysis, FTIR, H NMR, C13‐NMR and GC/MS spectra. The surface activities of the synthesized Schiff base cationic surfactants showed their tendency towards adsorption at the air/water interface. The adsorption tendency was estimated from the values of surface tension and the depression of surface tension at the critical micelle concentration. The studied surfactants were evaluated as antimicrobial agents against pathogenic and sulfur‐reducing bacteria using inhibition zone diameters and minimum inhibition concentration values. The synthesized cationic benzoimidazolium Schiff base cationic surfactants showed good antimicrobial activities against the tested microorganisms including Gram positive, Gram negative as well as fungi. The synthesized compounds were tested for the activity as corrosion inhibitors against carbon steel corrosion in 0.5 M HCl at 200 and 400 ppm. The promising inhibition efficiency of these compounds against the sulfur‐reducing bacteria facilitates them to be applicable in the petroleum field as new categories of Sulfur Reducing Bacteria biocides. The inhibition efficiencies of the tested compounds showed good inhibition and protection of the carbon steel. The corrosion inhibition tendency correlated to the surface activity and chemical structure of the compounds.
External sensors in partial discharge ultra‐high‐frequency measurements in gas‐insulated substations
Authors: Tang Ju , Wei Gang , Zhang Xiaoxing 
Published: June 2011

SUMMARYAlthough the ultra‐high‐frequency (UHF) method of detecting partial discharge (PD) in gas insulation substations (GISs) is an interesting research topic because of its remarkable anti‐jamming ability, applying inner UHF sensors to detect PD in operational GISs is a difficult task. The structure of GISs and the characteristics of PD electromagnetic wave transmission and leakage are determined using external antenna sensors to detect PD signals based on the theory of linear antennas. Two decimetric‐wave antennas with different detection bandwidths are made using techniques such as additional impedance, shielding and asymmetrical forms to measure UHF. The UHF external antenna sensor measurement system is able to collect PD signals from the GIS equipment, and its anti‐jamming ability is better than that of the low‐frequency sensor measurement system in the UHF band. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A new method for arcing fault location using discrete wavelet transform and wavelet networks
Authors: Jamali Sadegh , Ghaffarzadeh Navid 
Published: June 2011

SUMMARYThis paper presents a new method for arcing (transient) fault location by combining discrete wavelet transform (DWT) and wavelet networks (WNs). The single‐end relaying point voltage and current waveforms (captured with a sampling rate of 2.5 kHz) are de‐noised by DWT to obtain a higher signal‐to‐noise ratio. The feature vectors contain the magnitudes of the three phase post‐fault voltage and current fundamental frequency phasors obtained by DWT. The feature vectors for different arcing fault conditions are applied to WN for training and testing purposes. Although the prime aim of the proposed method is arcing fault location, it can also be applied for permanent faults. The accuracy of the proposed method has been tested and verified under various fault conditions on a 400 kV overhead line using the Electro‐Magnetic Transient Program (EMTP) software package. Performance of the new method has also been compared with several existing methods under similar fault conditions, and the test results show better accuracy of the proposed method. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Electromagnetic torque ripple and copper losses reduction in permanent magnet synchronous machines
Authors: Monteiro J. R. B. A. , Oliveira A. A. , Aguiar M. L. , Sanagiotti E. R. 
Published: June 2011

SUMMARYThis paper presents a method for electromagnetic torque ripple and copper losses reduction in (non‐sinusoidal or trapezoidal) surface‐mount permanent magnet synchronous machines (SM‐PMSM). The method is based on an extension of classical dq transformation that makes it possible to write a vectorial model for this kind of machine (with a non‐sinusoidal back‐EMF waveform). This model is obtained by the application of that transformation in the classical machine per‐phase model. That transformation can be applied to machines that have any type of back‐EMF waveform, and not only trapezoidal or square‐wave back‐EMF waveforms. Implementation results are shown for an electrical converter, using the proposed vectorial model, feeding a non‐sinusoidal synchronous machine (brushless DC motor). They show that the use of this vectorial mode is a way to achieve improvements in the performance of this kind of machine, considering the electromagnetic torque ripple and copper losses, if compared to a drive system that employs a classical six‐step mode as a converter. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.