bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Natural dyeing with anthocyanins from Hibiscus rosa sinensis flowers
Authors: Vankar Padma S. , Shukla Dhara 
Published: July 2011

AbstractA new approach for natural dyeing with anthocyanin has been discussed along with a convenient method of extraction. Anthocyanin from Hibiscus flowers has been extracted by developing a method using methanolic solution of 4% citric acid. The new method gave better yield of anthocyanin as compared with methanolic solution of 0.1% hydrochloric acid. It has been also shown that pH of the extract plays an important role on the dye, thus by adjusting the pH of the extract at 4, dyeing of cotton and silk together with metal mordanting gave different colors. The best dyeing results were obtained for stannous mordanted fabrics in terms of fastness properties. The role of metal ion complexation of stannous salt with the dye extract has been confirmed through UV‐Vis and FTIR spectra. Antioxidant activity of the anthocyanin extract seemed to have contributed to enhance the fastness properties of the dyed fabrics. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011
Toughness of HDPE/CaCO3 microcomposites prepared from masterbatch by melt blend method
Authors: Ali Ilias , Elleithy Rabeh 
Published: July 2011

AbstractIn this study, a series of high‐density polyethylene and micro/nanocalcium carbonate polymer composites (HDPE/CaCO3 nanocomposites) were prepared via melt blend technique using a twin screw extruder. Nanocomposite samples were prepared via injection molding for further testing. The effect of % loading of CaCO3 on mechanical and fracture toughness of these composites has been investigated in details. The effect of precrack length variation on the fracture toughness of the composite samples was evaluated, and the morphology of the fractured samples was also observed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). It was found that increasing the % of CaCO3 and precrack length decreased the fracture toughness. Fracture surface examination by SEM indicated that the diminished fracture properties in the composites were caused by the aglomerization of CaCO3 particles which acted as stress concentrators. A finite element analysis using ANSYS was also carried out to understand the effect of agglomeration size, interaction between the particles and crack tip length on the fracture properties of these composites. Finally, a schematic presentation of the envisioned fracture processes was proposed. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011
Dyeing and fastness properties of polyamide fabrics using some acid‐based monoazo disperse dyes
Authors: Sadeghi‐Kiakhani M. , Gharanjig K. , Arami M. , Khosravi A. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractA series of monoazo disperse dyes derived from naphthalimide containing butyric acid has been applied on polyamide fabrics. The build up and dyeing properties of these dyes such as leveling property, wash, light, perspiration for alkaline and acidic conditions, and rubbing fastnesses on polyamide fabrics have been investigated. The results showed that the applied dyes are capable of producing red to bluish red hues on polyamide fabrics. Because of the presence of both carboxylic acid and hydroxyl groups on the molecular structure of Dye 3, it showed desired and more strength in respect to other used dyes. Comparing the build up of these dyes to commercial dyes such as disperse red 60 and disperse red 73 revealed that most of the used dyes have higher build up in comparison to the commercial ones. Measurement of fastness properties of dyed samples indicated that they have good wash (4–5), rubbing (4), perspiration (4–5), and heat fastnesses (4–5) and they possess less than moderate light fastness (3–4) on polyamide fabrics. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011.
Effect of hot air aging on properties of EPDM/SmBO3/EVA and EPDM/ATO/EVA composites
Authors: Su Jun , Chen Shuangjun , Zhang Jun 
Published: July 2011

AbstractEthylene–propylene–diene rubber (EPDM)/samarium borate (SmBO3)/ethylene‐vinyl acetate (EVA) copolymer and EPDM/antimony‐doped tin oxide (ATO)/EVA composites are aged at 150°C for different intervals. Surface modification is used to improve filler to matrix interphase. The main aim is to investigate the effect of filler type and vinyl acetate (VA) content in EVA on stability of EPDM composites. It is found that acidic ATO particles can lower pH level of EPDM composites and then promote the degradation of acetic acid during aging. Moreover, when VA content exceeds 14 wt %, the instable VA content causes more acetic acids escape during aging. With the increasing of aging time, EPDM/SmBO3 control and EPDM/SmBO3/EVA composites tend to become darker while EPDM/ATO and EPDM/ATO/EVA composites would become yellow. And the color change is correlated well with the variation of carbonyl index. The chemical crosslink points prevent crystals in EVA from melting at aging temperature (150°C), and the variation of crosslink density influences the crystallinity during aging. The tendency of tensile strength is well consistent with that of swelling ratios, and electric properties are correlated with increased polar groups and crystallinity. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011
Effect of a novel phosphorus‐containing compound on the flame retardancy and thermal degradation of intumescent flame retardant polypropylene
Authors: Zhang Shengqiang , Li Bin , Lin Mo , Li Qifei , Gao Suliang , Yi Wei 
Published: July 2011

AbstractA novel flame retardant, tetra(5,5‐dimethyl‐1,3‐ dioxaphosphorinanyl‐2‐oxy) neopentane (DOPNP), was synthesized successfully, and its structure was characterized by FT‐IR, 1H NMR, and 31P NMR. The thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) results demonstrate that DOPNP showed a good char‐forming ability. Its initial decomposition temperature was 236.4°C based on 1% mass loss, and its char residue was 41.2 wt % at 600°C, and 22.9 wt % at 800°C, respectively. The flame retardancy and thermal degradation behavior of novel intumescent flame‐retardant polypropylene (IFR‐PP) composites containing DOPNP were investigated using limiting oxygen index (LOI), UL‐94 test, TGA, cone calorimeter (CONE) test, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results demonstrate that DOPNP effectively raised LOI value of IFR‐PP. When the loading of IFR was 30 wt %, LOI of IFR‐PP reached 31.3%, and it passed UL‐94 V‐0. TGA results show that DOPNP made the thermal decomposition of IFR‐PP take place in advance; reduced the thermal decomposition rate and raised the residual char amount. CONE results show that DOPNP could effectively decrease the heat release rate peak of IFR‐PP. A continuous and compact char layer observed from the SEM further proved the flame retardance. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011.
Study of photovoltaic performance of host‐guest system comprising photoluminescent polyurethane and rhodamine B dye
Authors: Pokhrel B. , Konwer S. , Dutta A. , Huda M. K. , Ghosh B. , Dolui S. K. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractThe photovoltaic property of Rhodamine B dye embedded into Poly(tolyl‐1,1′‐binaphthyl carbamate) (PU1) and poly(hexamethylene‐1,1′‐binaphthyl carbamate) (PU2) matrices have been evaluated using host‐guest approach. The photoactive layer comprising photoluminescent polymer matrix (PU1 or PU2), Rhodamine B and TiO2 nanoparticles were prepared by spin casting method. The power conversion efficiency (PCE) the photovoltaic devices based on PU1 and PU2 matrices were found to be 0.043% and 0.029%, respectively. PCE of the photovoltaic devices were limited due to low lying highest occupied molecular orbital of PU1 and PU2 polymers. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011.
Preparation of the flexible polypyrrole/polypropylene composite fibrous film for electrochemical capacitor
Authors: Jin Ming , Liu Yanyun , Li Yulin , Chang Yunzhen , Fu Dongying , Zhao Hua , Han Gaoyi 
Published: July 2011

AbstractPolypyrrole (PPy)/polypropylene fibrous membrane (PPF) composite materials with different PPy contents are prepared through in situ chemical oxidation polymerization in the pyrrole atmosphere at room temperature by dissolving the FeCl3·6H2O in methanol and acetonitrile as oxidant. The morphology of the composite is examined by scanning electron microscope (SEM), the conductivities of the composites are measured by convenient four‐probe method, and the properties of the capacitor cells assembled by the obtained PPy/PPF are investigated by cyclic voltammetry (CV), galvanostatic charge/discharge, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) measurements. The results show that the morphology, conductivity, and the capacitor property of the composite are influenced strongly by the solvent of the oxidant. The capacitor assembled by the PPy/PPF prepared by using acetonitrile as the solvent for FeCl3.6H2O can adapt for quick charge/discharge, and exhibit the highest capacitance of about 72.5 F g−1 when the PPy content is about 8.0%. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011.
Characterization of poly(1‐methyl‐1,4‐butanediol‐1,4‐diyl/2,3,4‐trihydro‐5‐methylfuran‐2,5‐diyl) prepared from natural rubber through 2D NMR spectroscopy
Authors: Saito Takayuki , Yamamoto Yoshimasa , Kawahara Seiichi , Ohtake Yoshito 
Published: July 2011

AbstractPoly(1‐methyl‐1,4‐butanediol‐1,4‐diyl/2,3,4‐trihydro‐5‐methylfuran‐2,5‐diyl) was prepared by epoxidation of deproteinized natural rubber with m‐chloroperbenzoic acid followed by hydrolysis with sulfuric acid. Characterization of the resulting product was performed through FT‐IR, 1H NMR, and 13C NMR spectroscopies. All signals appearing in the 1H and 13C NMR spectra were assigned by distortionless enhancement by polarization transfer (DEPT), quaternary carbon observation (QUAT), correlation spectroscopy (COSY), and heteronuclear multiple quantum correlation (HMQC) measurements. After proving the primary structure of the product, one pot synthesis of poly(1‐methyl‐1,4‐butanediol‐1,4‐diyl/2,3,4‐trihydro‐5‐methylfuran‐2,5‐diyl) from deproteinized natural rubber latex was carried out with peracetic acid and 2‐propanol. The resulting product was characterized by 1H NMR spectroscopy on the basis of the assignments established in this study, and its gas permeability was measured for a practical application as a film. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011.
Synthesis of phosphorus‐containing polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes via hydrolytic condensation of a modified silane
Authors: Zhang Wenchao , Yang Rongjie 
Published: July 2011

AbstractA simple route to synthesize a new type of phosphorus‐containing polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes (DOPO–POSS) in high yield, by the hydrolytic condensation of a modified silane, is reported. The starting material was a phosphorus‐containing triethoxy silane (DOPO–VTES), which was synthesized by addition reaction between 9,10‐dihydro‐9‐oxa‐10‐phosphaphenanthrene‐10‐oxide (DOPO) and vinyl triethoxy silane (VTES). This product was subjected to hydrolytic condensation using an HCl catalyst in methanol. The new types of phosphorus‐containing POSS were obtained and characterized using 1H, 13C, 29Si‐NMR, MALDI‐TOF MS, XRD, DSC, and FTIR. All of these results suggested that the DOPO–POSS were amorphous mixtures of T8, T9(OH), and TGA curve of DOPO–POSS shows that the cage‐like compound has high thermal stability. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011
Preparation of α‐Amino Acids by Oxidative Oxazoline–Oxazinone Rearrangement–Hydrogenation (OOOH). Scope and Limitations
Authors: Liu Chaomin , Molinski Tadeusz F. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractThe range and scope of the oxidative oxazoline–oxazinone rearrangement–hydrogenation sequence (OOOH)—a short, direct asymmetric synthesis of α‐amino acids from carboxylic acids—was explored. The highest yet reported diastereoselectivity for hydrogenation of the oxazinone CN bond (d.r.=>80:1) is disclosed and rationalized with the aid of ab initio molecular calculations.
Photometry and spectroscopy of the newly discovered eclipsing binary GSC 4589‐2999
Authors: Liakos A. , Bonfini P. , Niarchos P. , Hatzidimitriou D. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractNew CCD light curves of the recently detected eclipsing variable GSC 4589‐2999 were obtained and analysed using the Wilson‐Deninney code. Spectroscopic observations of the system allowed the spectral classification of the components and the determination of their radial velocities. The physical properties and absolute parameters of the components and an updated ephemeris of the system are given (© 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Mining the CFHT Legacy Survey for known Near Earth Asteroids
Authors: Vaduvescu O. , Tudorica A. , Birlan M. , Toma R. , Badea M. , Dumitru D. , Opriseanu C. , Vidican D. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractThe Canada‐France‐Hawaii Legacy Survey (CFHTLS) comprising about 25 000 MegaCam images was data mined to search for serendipitous encounters of known Near Earth Asteroids (NEAs) and Potentially Hazardous Asteroids (PHAs). A total of 143 asteroids (109 NEAs and 34 PHAs) were found on 508 candidate images which were field corrected and measured carefully, and their astrometry was reported to Minor Planet Centre. Both recoveries and precoveries (apparitions before discovery) were reported, including data for 27 precovered asteroids (20 NEAs and 7 PHAs) and 116 recovered asteroids (89 NEAs and 27 PHAs). Our data prolonged arcs for 41 orbits at first or last opposition, refined 35 orbits by fitting data taken at one new opposition, recovered 6 NEAs at their second opposition and allowed us to ameliorate most orbits and their Minimal Orbital Intersection Distance (MOID), an important parameter to monitor for potential Earth impact hazard in the future (© 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Indian record for Kepler's supernova: Evidence from Kashmir Valley
Authors: Sule A. , Bandey A. , Vahia M. , Iqbal N. , Tabasum M. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractWe revisit a strange representation of the Sagittarius constellation painted on a door arch of a tomb in Kashmir. We show that it is a very strong case of a representation of Kepler's supernova (© 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
An Artificial Neural Network approach to classify SDSS stellar spectra
Authors: Schierscher F. , Paunzen E. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractWe present a combined method to classify stellar spectra of the seventh data release (DR7) of the SDSS via an Artificial Neural Network (ANN), derive radial velocities and to estimate distances from an isochrone fitting technique. In total, we used 29 182 spectra of stars falling in the effective temperature range between 10000 and 5500 K, including white dwarfs. The targets were selected on the basis of SDSS colours. We compare our results not only with the SEGUE Stellar Parameter Pipeline output, but also with already published values and find excellent agreement. With new and extensive data sets from all‐sky ground based as well as satellite missions, our approach will become very important and efficient to analyse these information (© 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
A 2007 photometric study and UV spectral analysis of the Wolf‐Rayet binary V444 Cyg
Authors: Eriş F.Z. , Ekmekçi F. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractPhotometric and spectroscopic characteristics of the WN5+O6 binary system, V444 Cyg, were studied. The Wilson‐Devinney (WD) analysis, using new BV observations carried out at the Ankara University Observatory, revealed the masses, radii, and temperatures of the components of the system as MWR = 10.64 M⊙, MO = 24.68 M⊙, RWR = 7.19 R⊙, RO = 6.85 R⊙, TWR = 31 000 K, and TO = 40000 K, respectively. It was found that both components had a full spherical geometry, whereas the circumstellar envelope of the WR component had an asymmetric structure. The O – C analysis of the system revealed a period lengthening of 0.139 ± 0.018 syr–1, implying a mass loss rate of (6.76 ± 0.39) ×10–6 M⊙ yr–1 for the WR component. Moreover, 106 IUE‐NEWSIPS spectra were obtained from NASA's IUE archive for line identification and determination of line profile variability with phase, wind velocities and variability in continuum fluxes. The integrated continuum flux level (between 1200–2000 Å) showed a mild and regular increase from orbital phase 0.00 up to 0.50 and then a decrease in the same way back to phase 0.00. This is evaluated as the O component making a constant and regular contribution to the system's UV light as the dominant source. The C IV line, originating in the circumstellar envelope, had the highest velocity while N IV line, originating in deeper layers of the envelope, had the lowest velocity. The average radial velocity calculated by using the C IV line (wind velocity) was found as 2326 km s–1 (© 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Erratum: Linear sensitivity of helioseismic travel times to local flows
Authors: Birch A. C. , Gizon L. , Burston R. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractWe fix three typographical errors in “Linear Sensitivity of Helioseismic Travel Times to Local Flows” (Astronomische Nachrichten, Vol. 328, Issue 3, p. 228) (© 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Cluster analysis for pattern recognition in solar butterfly diagrams
Authors: Illarionov E. , Sokoloff D. , Arlt R. , Khlystova A. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractWe investigate to what extent the wings of solar butterfly diagrams can be separated without an explicit usage of Hale's polarity law as well as the location of the solar equator. We apply two algorithms of cluster analysis for this purpose, namely DBSCAN and C‐means, and demonstrate their ability to separate the wings of contemporary butterfly diagrams based on the sunspot group density in the diagram only. Then we apply the method to historical data concerning the solar activity in the 18th century (Staudacher data). The method separates the two wings for Cycle 2, but fails to separate them for Cycle 1. In our opinion, this finding supports the interpretation of the Staudacher data as an indication of the unusual nature of the solar cycle in the 18th century (© 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Prosthesis-free repair of pectus chest deformity
Authors: Makarawo T P , Steyn R S , Naidu B V 
Published: July 2011

Abstract

Background
Modified Ravitch and Nuss procedures use a metal bar to repair pectus chest deformity; an additional procedure is required to remove the bar. The aim of this study was to examine mid-term results of a novel technique that uses the patient's own chest wall muscles to stabilize the pectus repair aided by a posture-maintaining exercise regimen.

Methods
Thirty-two consecutive patients with pectus deformity underwent pectus repair without prosthesis between 1999 and 2008. The median age of the group was 18 (95 per cent confidence interval (c.i.) 14 to 34) years. Median follow-up was 44 (7 to 108) months. Twenty patients had an excavatum and 12 a carinatum defect. Surgery was performed through a transverse incision raising pectoralis and rectus muscle flaps. The sternum was released to a neutral position and stabilized to the overlying muscle raphe closure. Patient satisfaction was assessed with a single-step questionnaire.

Results
Median length of stay was 6 (95 per cent c.i. 4 to 7) days. Two patients returned to theatre for bleeding, two had a superficial wound infection and four developed a seroma. No patient had recurrence. There was a significant improvement in self-esteem (P &lt; 0·001) and a high level of overall satisfaction (median score 72, 95 per cent c.i. 56 to 80).

Conclusion
This non-prosthetic pectus deformity repair was effective with low serious morbidity and high patient satisfaction without the inherent disadvantages of using a metal bar.
Randomized clinical trial of perioperative selective decontamination of the digestive tract versus placebo in elective gastrointestinal surgery
Authors: Roos D , Dijksman L M , Oudemans-van Straaten H M , de Wit L T , Gouma D J , Gerhards M F 
Published: July 2011

Abstract

Background
This randomized clinical trial analysed the effect of perioperative selective decontamination of the digestive tract (SDD) in elective gastrointestinal surgery on postoperative infectious complications and leakage.

Methods
All patients undergoing elective gastrointestinal surgery during a 5-year period were evaluated for inclusion. Randomized patients received either SDD (polymyxin B sulphate, tobramycin and amphotericin) or placebo in addition to standard antibiotic prophylaxis. The primary endpoint was postoperative infectious complications and anastomotic leakage during the hospital stay or 30 days after surgery.

Results
A total of 289 patients were randomized to either SDD (143) or placebo (146). Most patients (190, 65·7 per cent) underwent colonic surgery. There were 28 patients (19·6 per cent) with infectious complications in the SDD group compared with 45 (30·8 per cent) in the placebo group (P = 0·028). The incidence of anastomotic leakage in the SDD group was 6·3 per cent versus 15·1 per cent in the placebo group (P = 0·016). Hospital stay and mortality did not differ between groups.

Conclusion
Perioperative SDD in elective gastrointestinal surgery combined with standard intravenous antibiotics reduced the rate of postoperative infectious complications and anastomotic leakage compared with standard intravenous antibiotics alone. Perioperative SD.D should be considered for patients undergoing gastrointestinal surgery. Registration number: P02.1187L (Dutch Central Committee on Research Involving Human Subjects).
Myocardial bridges: A review
Authors: Loukas Marios , Von Kriegenbergh Katrina , Gilkes Mathangi , Tubbs R. Shane , Walker Christi , Malaiyandi Deepa , Anderson Robert H. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractMuch has been written regarding the potential clinical significance of myocardial bridges. As such bridging is often seen in normal individuals, it is clear that not all arteries bridged by myocardial segments produce clinical symptoms thereby suggesting that this feature may simply be an anatomical variant. However, some authors who have considered these bridges as the cause of cardiac ischemia have suggested two potential mechanisms for their pathophysiology. The first is a phasic systolic compression of the bridged segment with persistent mid‐to‐late diastolic reduction in arterial diameter and the second proposes a reduction in arterial flow. Both mechanisms may contribute to a reduced reserve in coronary blood flow. In this review, we discuss the evidence that exists regarding myocardial bridging and the potential for bridging to cause myocardial ischemia. Clin. Anat. 24:675–683, 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.