bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lorient, port de pêche industrielle
Authors: Fournet Philipponneau 
Published: January 2011

RÉSUMÉ
Lorient-Kéroman est aujourd'hui l'un des grands ports de pêche de la C.E.E. grâce à l'activité de sa flotte industrielle. Celle-ci, forte de 34 unités, emploie près de 600 marins-pêcheurs et assure à 60 % l'approvisionnement du port. Elle est le résultat d'une politique d'investissement entreprise au début des années 10 par les armateurs lorientais appuyés par l'État. Dotés de moyens de capture et de conservation considérables, les chalutiers industriels opèrent principalement au nord de l'Irlande et de l'Ecosse, ainsi que dans les parages des îles Féroé, à la recherche d'espèces communes destinées aux unités de transformation bretonnes ou étrangères.
Malgré la forte productivité de leurs navires, les armateurs à la pêche industrielle éprouvent depuis 1974 de sérieuses difficultés financières en raison de la hausse des coûts d'exploitation, de l'irrégularité du marché du poisson, des mesures visant à réglementer le droit de pêche dans les zones de 200 milles et de la fragilité des industries de transformation bretonnes. Face à cette situation, certains n'hésitent pas à redéployer leurs activités, soit en approvisionnant directement les gros consommateurs européens, soit en exploitant des ressources lointaines dans le cadre de « joint ventures ». Cette politique tous azimuts présente l'avantage de préserver l'emploi de la plus grande partie des équipages et de sauvegarder un outil de production remarquable qui sera bien nécessaire à la C.E.E. lorsque les mesures de protection des espèces commenceront à porter leurs fruits. Elle signifie néanmoins pour Lorient la fin d'une époque dominée par le secteur « pêche industrielle » et caractérisée par un accroissement continu du potentiel de capture, par des débarquements massifs d'espèces communes et par de vaines tentatives de développement du potentiel de transformation.
Une grande institution au service de la Nation : La Caisse Nationale d'Assurance Vieillesse des Travailleurs Salariés (C.N.A.V.S.T.)
Authors: Maury Régis 
Published: January 2011

RÉSUMÉ
La Caisse Nationale d'Assurances Vieillesse des Travailleurs Salariés (C.N.A.V.T.S.) concerne presque le tiers des Français et ses prestataires forment 41 % de tous les retraités.
Les services sont répartis entre la région parisienne, quatorze caisses régionales, et Tours ou se trouve le Centre informatique. Aujourd'hui, les charges croissent tandis que les ressources diminuent ; la situation paraît préoccupante.
La notion d'espace de production halieutique : proposition méthodologique d'étude à partir de l'exemple danois
Authors: Corlay J.-P. 
Published: January 2011

L'activité halieutique est considérée comme un système, qui engendre un espace spécifique: l'espace halieutique, structure géographique ambivalente se développant à la fois sur terre et sur mer et dont l'élément liquide, situé à « l'amont », représente l'espace de production halieutique.
Dans le cas danois, cet espace d'intervention est multiforme ; il oppose de vastes secteurs ouverts comme la Mer du Nord et des secteurs plus fermés, comme le Belt ou la Baltique. Leur exploitation a évolué dans le temps en fonction des variables qui composent le système halieutique.
Le matériel statistique danois permet une étude comparée des secteurs halieutiques. Un indice est alors proposé comme fondement méthodologique d'une démarche qui aboutit à une typologie des secteurs de production ; elle oppose des « pêcheries de masse », où une part importante des captures est destinée à l'industrie de la farine et de l'huile, à des « pêcheries de qualité », plus spécialisées dans le poisson de consommation ou poisson de table.
L'étude de l'indice et de ses composantes permet alors une analyse fonctionnelle de l'espace de production, en même temps qu'un diagnostic sur l'état du système.
Géographie physique de la Bretagne, fondements structuraux
Authors: Garreau Jacques 
Published: January 2011

Das Fundament der Bretagne ist nicht auf die Halbinsel begrenzt. Es erstreckt sich im Norden bis zum Graben des Ärmelkanals und un Süden und Westen bis zum Kontinentalabfall. Zwei von Osten nach Westen gerichtete Verwerfungen teilen die Bretagne in drei Gegenden auf :
Im Norden verbindet die Gegend des Armelkanals niedrige Plateaus ans kristallinen Gesteinen mit einem Kontinentalschelf aus mesozoischen und cenozoischen Sediment gesteinen.
In der Mitte, von der Iroise bis zum Anjou, ist die mittlere Armorique eine eingeschlossene Gegend, die hauptsdchlich aus Schiefer und Sandsteinen besteht.
Im Süden bildet die Arvor (Granite, Gneise ; Glimmerschiefer) mit einem ausgedehnten Kontinentalschelf aus Sediment gesteinen des Mesozoikums und Cenozoikums die Gegend der Biskaya.
A study of the socio-cultural parameters associated with meat purchasing and consumption pattern: a case of Southern Province, Sri Lanka
Authors: De Silva PHGJ , Atapattu NSBM , Sandika AL 
Published: January 2011

The factors affecting purchasing and consumption of meat are diverse and complex. The objective of this study was to understand the social and cultural parameters associated with the meat purchasing and consumption pattern of southern province in Sri Lanka. Pre-tested structured questionnaire was employed to collect information from 265 consumers. All the respondents consumed at least one kind of animal product. Only 1 % of respondents did not consume any type of meat. Eighty five percent of the respondents had established their meat consumption pattern at their child age. The religious believes (74 %), economic concerns (47 %) and antipathy for killing animals (82 %) were the most popular reasons for not being meat consumers. The most preferred meat types were chicken followed by mutton, beef and pork. There was a significant correlation between the type of meat consumed and sex, religion, family size but not with type of market (rural vs. urban), education level and occupation. An inverse relationship was found between age and meat consumption. Financial capabilities, religious concerns and preference of children were the priority determinant that influenced the purchasing behaviour of meat and meat products. It was concluded that the meat and meat product market in Sri Lanka should be diversified to match with the diverse preferences for different meat types. Key words: Meat; purchasing; consumption; socio-cultural DOI: 10.4038/jas.v5i2.2786The Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 2010, vol. 5, no 2 pp.71-79
Genetics of Birth Defects
Authors: Deka Deepika , Kabra Madhulika , Gupta Neerja 
Published: January 2011

ABSTRACT
Congenital anomalies constitute a significant proportion of infant morbidity and mortality. In about 50 to 70%, the cause of the birth defect remains unknown. However, with continued advancements in technology and research, as the genes involved in various processes instrumental in programming early embryonic development are identified, the molecular basis of an increasing number of birth defect syndromes is being defined.
Fetal Skeletal System
Authors: Kapoor Nikhil , Chaddha Vandana 
Published: January 2011

ABSTRACTThe prevalence of skeletal dysplasias is between 1 and 2000, and 1 and 4000 live births. While here are over 200 skeletal dysplasias approximately four disorders comprise 70% of the total: Achondroplasia, thanatophoric dysplasia, osteogenesis imperfecta, and achondrogenesis. The appropriate identification of lethal skeletal dysplasia is important not only for current pregnancy management, but also for genetic counseling concerning future pregnancies. Detection of skeletal dysplasias is usually possible by prenatal ultrasound, an accurate specific diagnosis is possible by radiologic, pathologic and molecular genetic examination. A total body ultrasound approach should include assessment of the following: Limbs, long bones and extremities, bone mineralization, any joint contractures, joint dislocations, fetal calvarium, spine and thorax.
Prune-belly Syndrome versus Posterior Urethral Valve
Authors: Raga Francisco , Osborne Newton G , Bonilla Francisco , Bonilla-Musoles Fernando , Machado Luiz Eduardo , Ruiz Fernando , Castillo Juan Carlos 
Published: January 2011

ABSTRACT
Recent development of three-dimensional (3D) and four-dimensional ultrasound (4D), specially using tomographic ultrasound image (TUI), inverse mode, automatic volume calculation (AVC) and virtual organ computer-aided analysis (VOCAL), provided us with new possibilities to study fetal low urinary obstructions before 24th week. Ultrasound scan studies have been conducted in order to provide information about prune-belly syndrome and posterior urethral valves (PUV). The purpose of this paper is to give brief anatomical, histological and ultrasound review to use 3D and 4D US in the assessment of both syndromes.

Objectives

Define possibilities to differentiate with ultrasound between fetal prune-belly (PB) and posterior urethral valves (PUV) syndromes.
Describe the ultrasound images and accompanying malformations in both syndromes.
Evaluate the value of different US modes for differential diagnoses.
Ultrasound Markers of Chromosomal Anomalies in the First Trimester
Authors: Khurana Ashok 
Published: January 2011

ABSTRACT
Chromosomal anomalies are associated with considerable morbidity and mortality. The protocol for identifying these fetuses had for many years included a single clinical criterion of maternal age. Advances in biochemical screening combined with the excellent display of fetal dysmorphology afforded by technological advances in ultrasound equipment have resulted in a paradigm shift in the diagnosis of chromosomal abnormalities in the fetus, from the second trimester to the late first trimester. The accuracy of diagnosis as reported in multiple large series has pushed both screening and diagnostic testing for chromosomal disorders to the window now referred to as the 11 to 13 weeks + 6 days scan. Recent data have shown chorion villus sampling after 10 weeks to be as safe in experienced hands as amniocentesis and this has pushed the advantages of first trimester screening further. Ultrasound parameters for the detection of Down's syndrome in the first trimester include the nuchal translucency (NT) as the most well-defined and studied parameter, evaluation of the nasal bone (NB), frontomaxillary facial (FMF) angle, ductus venosus (DV) flow velocity waveform, tricuspid regurgitation (TR) and fetal heart-rate. Each parameter has well-defined criteria to be fulfilled for accurate quantification. Biochemical parameters that are currently in wide use include PAPP-A and free beta-hCG. Other parameters that the software accounts for are the gestational age assessed by the crown-rump length, maternal age, ethnicity, smoking, IVF and number of fetuses with chorionicity. Combining maternal age, biochemistry, NT and NB between 11 to 13 weeks + 6 days yields a detection rate of 96% with a false positive rate of 5%.
Endometrial Receptivity and Scoring for Prediction of Implantation and Newer Markers
Authors: Rao JP , Malhotra Narendra , Mishra Neelam 
Published: January 2011

ABSTRACT
There are many markers to indicate the preparation of endometrium for successful implantation, and these manifest during the implantation window. Today TVS color Doppler can reliably show the increase in blood flows during the peri- and postovulatory phase and objectively assess these flows to predict endometrial receptivity.
Genetic Counseling for Obstetricians
Authors: Deka Deepika 
Published: January 2011

ABSTRACT
Today many chromosomal defects can be suspected and diagnosed by the currently available biochemical testing and invasive tests analysis of chromosomes.
It is necessary for the clinician to have a through knowledge of chromosomal defects so a proper genetic counseling can be done. This review article discusses the genetic counseling for the various defects which can occur in the unborn fetus.
Fetal Transcerebellar Diameter to Abdominal Circumference Ratio (TCD/AC) in the Assessment of Normal Fetal Growth
Authors: Bellad MB , Dhumale Hema , Pujar Yeshita V , Shravage Jyotsana C , Sherigar Bhavana Y , Durdi Geeta S , Amber Sheetal S 
Published: January 2011

ABSTRACT

Objective
To derive population specific transverse cerebellar diameter/abdominal circumference ratio (TCD/AC ratio) for the assessment of normal fetal growth.

Materials and methods
A one-year prospective observational study conducted at the KLE University's teaching hospital, Belgaum. The TCD/AC ratio was calculated for 434 obstetric patients, who met the inclusion criteria and the arithmetic mean and 1 standard deviation (SD) was calculated for the population studied.

Results
Within the study population, the TCD/AC ratio assessed for normal fetal growth with gestational age ranging from 18 to 34 weeks was found to be a constant with a mean of 13.56 +/− 1.21(1 SD).

Conclusion
A normal standard value to assess normal fetal growth is required for a given set of population in order to be compared with those fetuses with intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR). The TCD/AC value in our study remained a constant between gestational ages ranging from 18 to 34 weeks with a mean of 13.56 +/− 1.21.
Role of Fetal Thigh Circumference in Estimation of Birth Weight by Ultrasound
Authors: Grover Sonal , Dahiya Krishna , Sen Jyotsna , Duhan Nirmala 
Published: January 2011

ABSTRACT

Objective
To evaluate the accuracy and usefulness of predicting birth weight by measuring fetal thigh circumference by ultrasound and to compare with other conventional methods like Johnson's and Hadlock's.

Methods
In 100 pregnant women, ultrasonic measurements of mid-thigh circumference, along with BPD, FL and AC were done within 48 hours before delivery. Birth weights were estimated by Johnson's clinical method, Hadlock's and Vintzileos’ method. Statistical analysis of various ultrasound birth weight formulae in different weight categories was done and compared with each other, and also with clinical method.

Results
In the present study, Vintzileos’ method was found to be better than Johnson's and Hadlock's in predicting birth weight in the categories < 2500 gm, and 2500 to 3000 gm. Between 3000 and 3500 gm, it was better than Johnson's method, while the results were comparable to Hadlock's method. In the category > 3500 gm, all three methods were comparable to each other, however it could be because of the small sample size involved (n = 6).

Conclusions
Incorporating fetal thigh circumference measurements along with biparietal diameter, femur length and abdominal circumference, significantly improved the accuracy of birth weight estimations by ultrasound. There was a good correlation between ultrasound measurements and actual postnatal measurements of thigh circumference (r2 = 0.71).
The Value of Routine Histopathology during Hip Arthroplasty in Patients with Degenerative and Inflammatory Arthritis
Authors: Niggemeyer Oliver , Steinhagen Joern , Zustin Jozef , Rüther Wolfgang 
Published: January 2011

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of routine pathological examination of operative specimens obtained during primary total hip arthroplasty (THA) performed for osteoarthritis (OA) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA). 100 consecutive patients (50 OA, 50 RA) were prospectively evaluated. A radiological score (Kellgren-Lawrence/Larsen) and a clinical score (Harris Hip Score) were calculated in each case. Specimens of bone and cartilage from the femoral head as well as capsule were obtained intraoperatively. A histological grading (Mankin score) was obtained, and additional histological findings were also reported. In patients with RA the clinical and pathological diagnoses were concordant in 37 (74%) and discrepant in 13 patients (26%). In patients with OA there was concordance in 30 (60%) and discrepance in 20 patients (40%). Discrepancies were additional findings such as focal osteonecrosis amyloidosis or crystal deposits. Discordance (management alteration) did not occur in any case. Histological evaluation of the capsule and the synovium was more informative than evaluation of bone. Calcium pyrophosphate (CPPD) and amyloid was frequently found in OA suggesting that these substances may contribute to joint damage, and control of their production by therapeutic means may prevent degeneration.
Two-incision minimally invasive total hip arthroplasty – results and complications
Authors: Van Oldenrijk Jakob , Hoogervorst Paul , Schaap Gerard R. , Van Dijk C. Niek , Schafroth Matthias U. 
Published: January 2011

The purpose of this study was to determine the complication rate and functional result after two-incision minimally invasive total hip arthroplasty in a retrospective consecutive case series of the first 45 patients treated by a single surgeon. The mean follow up period was 2.1 years. There were 4 early major complications (2 peri-operative fractures and 2 re-interventions) and 28 early minor complications (1 superficial infection and 27 patients with a loss of sensation of the lateral aspect of the thigh). One stem loosening required revision within two years. The mean modified Harris Hip Score at final follow-up was 91,5. Our experience shows a relatively high complication risk after two-incision minimally invasive total hip arthroplasty, and we have since abandoned this technique.
Respiratory symptoms among swedish swine producers
Authors: Wilhelmsson Jan , Bryngelsson Ing‐Liss , Ohlson Carl‐Göran 
Published: February 2011

AbstractTwo hundred nine male farmers engaged in swine production, born in 1913 or later, and alive in 1985 received mailed questionnaires on respiratory symptoms, medical history, and exposure to contaminated air in swine confinement buildings. The response rate was 76%.The prevalence of three or more symptoms of bronchitis was higher than that in welders who had completed the same questionnaire—Mantel–Haenszel odds ratio 5.26 (1.9–14.8) for smoking subjects.The number of reported symptoms was strongly influenced by smoking habits (p < .01) and by exposure (p < .01), and by a positive interaction between these (p < .01, two‐way analysis of covariance).Air in swine confinement buildings is contaminated with bacterial endotoxins and organic dust, and it is concluded that it may pose a risk for airways diseases such as chronic bronchitis.
Comparison of smoking‐related risk factors among black and white males
Authors: Sterling Theodor D. , Weinkam James J. 
Published: February 2011

AbstractThe lung cancer risk factors of smoking prevalence, amount smoked, and age started to smoke were compared for blacks and whites, using the 1970 and 1979/80 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) survey data. For both survey years, proportionally more blacks were never smokers and fewer were ever smokers (although more were current and fewer former smokers). The average adult black smoker smoked approximately 65% of the number of cigarettes smoked by the average white adult. Blacks started smoking later than whites for almost all occupational categories. Thus, it could be argued that whites had higher smoking‐associated risk factors than did blacks. At the same time, a much greater proportion of blacks than whites were in the types of occupation where they would have been exposed to occupational hazards. The sharp rise in and the larger incidence of lung cancer among blacks compared to whites may not be due to differences in black and white smoking, but more likely are a reflection of occupational differences.
The Cytoskeletal Regulator Zyxin is Required for Viability in Drosophila melanogaster
Authors: Renfranz Patricia J. , Blankman Elizabeth , Beckerle Mary C. 
Published: January 2011

AbstractExpression of EGFP‐tagged zyx102 protein in salivary gland and trachea of mid‐third instar larvae of Drosophila melanogaster. See Refranz et al., on page 1455, in this issue.
Lymphatic/Blood Endothelial Cell Connections at the Capillary Level in Adult Rat Mesentery
Authors: Robichaux Jennifer L. , Tanno Eleanor , Rappleye Jeff W. , Ceballos Mariana , Stallcup William B. , Schmid‐Schönbein Geert W. , Murfee Walter L. 
Published: January 2011

AbstractInvestigating the structural interactions between blood and lymphatic endothelial cells at the microvascular level in adult tissues is critical for understanding how microvascular networks grow and function. In this issue, observations by Robichaux et al. (p. 1629) identify the presence of non‐lumenal lymphatic/blood endothelial cell connections and highlight the potential for endothelial cell plasticity. The cover image illustrates topical BSI‐lectin (orange) labeling of two blood capillary sprouts connecting to a lymphatic vessel. Injected FITC‐albumin (green) identifies that the blood capillary sprout lumens terminate proximal to the lymphatic/blood endothelial cell connection.
A Novel Terminal Web‐Like Structure in Cortical Lens Fibers: Architecture and Functional Assessment
Authors: Al‐Ghoul Kristin J. , Lindquist Timothy P. , Kirk Spencer S. , Donohue Sean T. 
Published: January 2011

AbstractConfocal image of posterior segments of cortical lens fibers which abut to form the typical inverted‐Y suture pattern. The sutural domains are flanked on either side by a prominent ‘terminal web’ containing actin, myosin and fodrin.
Development of the Genital Duct System in the Protandrous Black Porgy, Acanthopagrus schlegeli
Authors: Lee Mong‐Fong , Huang Jing‐Duan , Chang Ching‐Fong 
Published: February 2011

AbstractProtandrous black porgies, Acanthopagrus schlegeli, have a striking life cycle, which includes early sex differentiation, bisexual gonads, and a male‐to‐female sex change at three years of age. We found novel features of and insights into the development of the genital duct system in relation to the gonadal stage during early gonadal development and natural sex change. We found that the genital ducts developed at 16–20 weeks of age during sex differentiation. The gonad developed “ovarian cavity cracks” and became “four‐stranded” during the first prespawning period and then proceeded to the development of genital ducts before 1 year of age. Two ovarian cavities of the paired gonads combined, developed, and extended caudally to form the oviduct, making up the inner duct of the genital ducts. The testicular main cavities also extended and fused together to form the outer duct of the genital duct system, that is, the sperm duct. The coexistence of an outer sperm duct and an inner oviduct constituted a unique “double cannula genital duct” structure. Gradually the inferior walls of the oviduct intermingled with those of the sperm duct, and the circular lumen of the sperm duct changed into an “M‐shaped canal.” Finally, the sperm duct and oviduct separated completely at the distal part of genital duct system. During natural sex change, the male reproductive passage regressed and degenerated and was replaced by connective tissue. The oviduct arrested as a blunt end during male phase and, finally, extended and connected to the genital pore during the female phase. Anat Rec, 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.