bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nature of fears at the time of abortion and possible correlation to anxiety and depression
Authors: Makó H.Sz. , Veszprémi B. , Várhegyi L. , Mészáros N. 
Published: May 2011

IntroductionAbortion exerts its effects on psychological wellbeing of a great number of women all over the world. Numerous psychological research deals with describing normative responses to the intervention and determining possible psychopathological outcomes.ObjectivesOur aim was to justify whether women differ from one another already at the time of the intervention in terms of their level of anxiety and the degree of depression, which might correlate primarily to the difficulties regarding the process of making the decision for abortion and to the nature of their fears.MethodsIn our research at the Obstetrics and Gynaecology Clinics at University of Pécs, 112 women (average age: 29.67, ranging 18–44) having had abortion were studied using structured interviews and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (Zigmond & Snaith, 1983).ResultsWith respect to whether they have reported fear, the research sample could be divided in two groups: 18% have not reported any fear, whereas regarding the remaining 82% some sort of fear was identified by contents analysis, such as fear of later complications (26%), fear of the invasive intervention (22%), fear of both above (15%) and fear of death (19%). The level of anxiety was significantly higher in the group reporting fears at the time of the intervention. The highest anxiety and depression levels were measured in the groups reporting fears of both invasive intervention and later complications, and in the group experiencing fears of death.ConclusionOur results draw attention to the significance of the psychological preparation prior to termination.
Evaluation of the frequency of premenstrual dysphoric disorder and premenstrual syndrome in students of girls’ high schools of Kermanshah-Iran
Authors: Tatari F. , Torkamani F. , Shakeri J. , Rezaie M. , Hosseini M. , Amirian M. , Amirian F. 
Published: May 2011

IntroductionMany women in fertile period of their lives experience some mental and physical symptoms that begin on 7–10 days before menses and cease after bleeding. Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS) and Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD) are the terms to indicate these symptoms. The prevalence of PMS has been estimated to be about40% to70%, PMDD has lower prevalence.ObjectiveThis study has evaluated the frequencies of PMS and PMDD along with related factors in students of girls’ high schools in Kermanshah.MethodsIn this descriptive-analytic study, 800 students of girls’ high schools were chosen by incidentally and clustery sampling. Everyone who was volunteer included in the study. Excluding criteria were: history of depression; medical illnesses like epilepsy, meningitis, encephalitis, heart diseases…; history of consumption of β-blockers or other drugs of heart diseases, Phenobarbitals, and anticonvulsants. The diagnosis was made according to DSM.IV.TR. The data was processed using SPSS software, version 11.5, and by descriptive and analytic statistical methods.Results1.The frequencies of PMS and PMDD were 41.5% and 9.4% respectively.2.The disorder was more frequent in students older than 16 years-old.3.Mood symptoms were the most frequent, followed by physical and behavioral symptoms respectively.4.There was lower frequency of the disorder in students whose mothers were high educated.5.The frequency of PMS was higher in those with positive family history.ConclusionThe high frequencies of PMS and PMDD which result to problems in education of students need serious considerations to elevate mental health of students and to refer the severe cases to specialized centers.
Detecting postnatal common mental disorders in Addis ababa, ethiopia: Validation of the Edinburgh postnatal depression scale and kessler scales
Authors: Tesfaye M. , Hanlon C. , Wondimagegn D. , Alem A. 
Published: May 2011

BackgroundThe Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) has been used successfully across diverse cultural settings. However, a recent study found poor validity in detecting postnatal common mental disorders (CMD) in rural Ethiopia. Using similar methodology, the study was replicated in the capital, Addis Ababa.MethodsSemantic, content and criterion validity of EPDS, Kessler scale-6 (K6) and Kessler scale-10 (K10) were assessed in postnatal women attending vaccination clinics. Criterion validation was undertaken on 100 postnatal women, with local psychiatrist diagnosis of CMD using the Comprehensive Psychopathological Rating Scale (CPRS) as the criterion measure.ResultsThe areas under the Receiver Operating Characteristic (AUROC) curve for the EPDS, K6 and K10 were 0.85 (95%CI 0.77–0.92), 0.86 (95%CI 0.76–0.97) and 0.87 (95%CI 0.78–0.97), respectively. The EPDS generated sensitivity, specificity and misclassification rates of 78.9%, 75.3% and 24.0%, respectively at an optimal cut-off point of 6/7. The corresponding values for the K6 were 84.2%, 82.7% and 17.0% at a cut-off point of 4/5, and for K10 were 84.2%, 77.8% and 21.0% at a cut-off point of 6/7, respectively. The internal reliability Cronbach's alpha for the EPDS, K6 and K10 were 0.71, 0.86 and 0.90, respectively.LimitationsNot all postnatal women bring their infants to vaccination clinics which may limit generalisability.ConclusionThe EPDS, K6 and K10 all demonstrated acceptable clinical utility as screening scales for postnatal CMD in an urban setting in Ethiopia. The marked urban-rural difference in EPDS performance within Ethiopia highlights the difficulty of applying urban-validated instruments to rural settings in LAMIC.
Efficacy of cognitive behaviour group therapy with Portuguese breast cancer survivors
Authors: Torres A. , Pereira A. , Monteiro S. 
Published: May 2011

IntroductionBreast Cancer is the most frequent cause of death by cancer in Women. Therefore Breast Cancer is a priority of the Portuguese Health Ministry. Mental illness, as Depression, is also a priority of that Ministry and breast cancer presents higher psychopathology comorbidity than general population. These both facts emphasize the relevance of the studies about interventions to promote mental health of Portuguese breast cancer women. Simultaneously, there are little studies about the applicability and efficiency of Cognitive Behavior Group Therapy in the European context and in Portugal in particular.ObjectivesWe purpose to develop a group cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) program to breast cancer survivors and implement it in a Portuguese group.MethodsAfter a proper review of cognitive behavior group therapy programs to oncologic patients, we will adapt them to the Portuguese population. Then, a study will be made with a group of breast cancer survivors. We intent to assess them before and after the therapy in respect to the following psychological variables: self-concept, optimism, coping, quality of life and psychopathology.ResultsWe expect to improve the knowledge about the applicability of Cognitive Behavior Group Therapy in Portuguese (and European) context.ConclusionsIn sum, we expect to contribute with efficient psychological interventions to Breast Cancer Women survivors, in respect to self-concept, optimism, coping, quality of life and psychopathology.
Alcoholic disease in the female population
Authors: Vukadinovic S. , Zivlak - Radulović N. , Mitrovic A. , Stojanovic Z. 
Published: May 2011

Specificity of alcoholism between men and women caused by the numerous cultural, historical and socio-economic factors. Female alcoholism has recently growing problem. It is believed that the number of women alcoholics is growing faster than the overall increase in the number of alcoholics.PurposeTo show the presence of alcohol consumption in women and factors (age, sex, marital status, school ready, mid-life) that have an impact on the very spread of disease.MethodData were used from the medical records of patients treated at the Clinic for Psychiatry. As a source of data used are dedicated questionnaires designed for adults.ResultsFrom total of 185 patients hospitalized women occasionally drink 45% (81 patients), not drinking response was 31%(57), tried alcohol was 18.4% (34) and 5.6% of them (10) gave a response to daily consume alcoholic beverages.The ratio of men and women who consume alcohol is 1:5.DiscussionMany epidemiological studies of alcohol-induced problems, saying in principle that women drink less than men. Knowledge of alcoholism fifty years ago saying that the ratio of men to women alcoholics was 1:10, and twenty years ago 1:7, to the last ten years, epidemiological studies have shown that women are increasingly drinking and that the ratio is 1:3,5.ConclusionThe biggest group treated alcoholic women which was occasionally consumed alcohol at the age of 30 to 45 years, about 31.57%, 39.32% of single women and highly educated women 48.92%.The largest percentage had elderly women 1.84%, low educated 1.2% and widow 1.12%.
Shared care between specialised psychiatric services and primary care - the experiences and expectations of consultant psychiatrists in Ireland
Authors: Agyapong V.O.I. , Conway C. , Guerandel A. , O’Connell F. 
Published: May 2011

ObjectiveThe study aims to explore the views of consultant psychiatrists in Ireland on shared care between specialist psychiatric services and primary care.MethodsA self-administered questionnaire was posted to all 470 consultant psychiatrists working in Ireland. Self addressed envelopes were included for the return of completed questionnaires. Data was analysed using descriptive statistics and ANOVAResults213 questionnaires were returned giving a response rate of 45%. 47.9% of the respondents were male and 52.1% were female. Over all, 91% of respondents reported that they would support a general policy on shared care between primary care and specialised psychiatric services for patients who are stable on their treatment. However, 85% reported that they foresaw difficulties for patients in implementing such a policy, including: increased financial burden on some patients (66%), lack of adequate allied health professionals resources in primary care (60%) and GP's not adequately trained to provide psychiatric care (52%). Most psychiatrists did not feel comfortable to transfer the care of patients with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder to their GP's and Child psychiatrists were significantly less comfortable than other psychiatrists to discharge patients with Depression, Bipolar Disorder, Anxiety Disorder, Alcohol Dependency Syndrome and Personality Disorder into the care of GP's after they have been stabilised in their medication.ConclusionAlthough most psychiatrists in Ireland would support a policy of shared care, they identify several constraints which would currently hamper the effective implementation of a policy of active collaboration between primary care and specialised psychiatric services in Ireland.
Shared care between specialized psychiatric services and primary care - the experiences and expectation of primary care physicians in Ireland
Authors: Agyapong V.O.I. , Conway C. , Jabber F. , Guerandel A. , O’Connell F. 
Published: May 2011

ObjectiveThe study aims to explore the views of primary care physicians in Ireland on shared care of psychiatric patients between primary and secondary services.MethodsA self-administered questionnaire was posted to a random cross-section primary care physicians working in Ireland. Data were compiled and analyzed using descriptive statistics and analysis of variance.Results145 out of 300 questionnaires were returned giving a response rate of 48%. Overall, 77.9% of respondents reported that they completed a psychiatric rotation as part of their general practice training. Most General Practitioners expressed confidence in their ability to recognize and manage psychiatric disorders in primary care (on a confidence scale of 1 to 5, mean was 3.97, SD 0.699). There was a statistically, significant difference in confidence scores between those who had took a rotation in psychiatry as part of their GP training and those who did not, with the former reporting higher scores (4.04 vs. 3.72, F = 1.801, t = 2.363, p = 0.02)Regarding shared care, 95.8% of GPs were in favour of a formal shared care policy; however 42.8% expressed reservations regarding the implications of implementing such a policy. The most frequently expressed concerns related to the lack of resources in primary care for psychiatric patients (55.9%), financial implications for some patients (48.3%), and concern over communication with psychiatric services (42%).ConclusionThe majority of Primary Care physicians in Ireland would support a policy of shared care of psychiatric patients’; however they raise some concerns regarding practical implications of such a policy.
The effects of Ascorbic acid on morphine withdrawal symptoms in rats
Authors: Alijarahi A. , Amini M. , Esmaeili M.H. 
Published: May 2011

BackgroundRecent studies indicate that the glutamatergic and Dopaminergic systems are also involved in morphine tolerance and dependence on morphine and in morphine withdrawal syndrome. Ascorbic acid (ascorbate) which is an antioxidant vitamin released from glutamatergic neurons and modulate the synaptic action of dopamine and glutamate as well as behavior. Since Ascorbate modulate the synaptic action of dopamine and glutamate, in this study the effect of Ascorbate on morphine withdrawal syndrome in rats has been investigated.Objectiveto determine the effects of Ascorbic acid on morphine withdrawal syndrome.Methods30 Male rats (250–300 gr) were tested in this study in two group, The first group as the control group received 3% sucrose in tap water(n = 6) and the second group as the dependent group received morphine (0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4 mg/ml each one for 48 h, and 0.4 mg/ml remaining days to 21st days) and 3% sucrose in tap water (n = 24) , this group divided in to 4 sub groups: ((1) morphine group, [2,3,4] morphine-Ascorbic acid groups which received AA (100,500,1000 mg/kg I.P) every 48h and in the end (21st day) 30 min before naloxone administration for evaluation effects of AA on withdrawal signs.FindingOur results show that: Ascorbate (100, 500, 1000 mg/kg I.P) can greatly attenuates most of morphine withdrawal syndrome(but not all) dose dependently.
Depression, anxiety and multiple sclerosis: Links with alexithymia
Authors: Aloulou J. , Hachicha C. , Masmoudi R. , Boukhris A. , Mhiri C. , Amami O. 
Published: May 2011

The aim of our study was to assess the prevalence of depression and anxiety in a population of patients treated for multiple sclerosis (MS) and their link with alexithymia.Method31 patients with MS according to McDonald's criteria, and followed in neurology department took part in the study. All patients were evaluated using a protocol to collect the epidemiological, clinical and evolution of the disease. We used versions of Arabized-Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) to assess the mood state and the Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20) for alexithymia.Results and commentsParticipants were divided on 18 women and 13 men with a mean age of 39 years. The prevalence of depression and anxiety were 42% and 52% respectively. The prevalence of alexithymia was 43%. The anxiety was correlated with the degree of disability and age of disease onset. Similarly, depression was more frequently observed in patients with higher EDSS, a long period of evolution. A positive correlation was found between alexithymia, depression and anxiety.Our study showed that half of all MS patients have mood disorders. However, depression is the most common and most disabling psychiatric disorder in MS. The place of anxiety should not be neglected because in case of comorbidity with depression, can be an aggravating factor. The frequency of alexitymia is high and appears to be positively correlated with depression and anxiety.
Frequent attenders at a primary care clinic: Occasional or regular abusers?
Authors: Ascari A. , Ferrari S. , Andreoli M. , Peggi M. , Rigatelli M. 
Published: May 2011

BackgroundFrequent attendance in general practice is known for being associated with certain socio-demographical characteristics (female sex and middle-old age) and with important medical-psychiatric morbidity. Moreover, it has a high impact on workload of GPs. However, we have poor literature about long-term studies on Frequent Attenders (FAs) and persistent FAs.ObjectivesTo re-evaluate a group of patients of FAs after nine years since first assessment; to determine the existence of others FAs and possible differences between persistent and occasional FAs.MethodsConsultation of computerized data on 168 patients between 2001 and 2009; interwiew to the GP and the assistant.SettingA primary health care center in Fiorano Modenese (Modena, Northern Italy).Patients56 persistent FAs, 56 occasional FAs, 56 non FAs.Main outcome results: Twenty-eight of 40 patients (70%) evaluated in 2001 were found to be persistent FAs, most frequently older women. Medical morbidity was frequent among persistent FAs, and intermediate among occasional FAs, while psychiatric morbidity does not show important differences between the two groups; however, depression was present in 46% of persistent FAs and in 41% of occasional FAs, while somatization only in occasional FAs (10%), and not among persistent FAs. Persistent FAs received more prescriptions for all types of drugs, while among the occasional FAs the requests for a psychiatric treatment were higher.ConclusionsThe phenomenon of frequent attendance has a large amount and claims for further studies. Psychiatric morbidity between persistent and occasional FAs might have different expressions, requiring different clinical approaches to be specifically tailored.
Service users’ satisfaction in an acute adult psychiatric care unit- a qualitative survey
Authors: Badshah S.F. , Senaratne M. 
Published: May 2011

IntroductionService users’ satisfaction survey adds an important consumer perspective to the evaluation of various services and treatment progression. In fact survey may be the only means for clients to express their views about the improvement required in the existing services and the new services that are needed or developed.AimTo ascertain the service users’ views admitted to a large acute adult psychiatric care unit.MethodologyWe conducted a qualitative survey of service users’ views by using a questionnaire specifically designed to assess their views of the service they received from the Acute in patient care team in a secondary care hospital. The questionnaire was distributed to all service users in the unit prior to their discharge during the period from 1st November to 31st December 2009.ResultsResults show that the majority of service users have overall satisfaction with the performance of the acute inpatient care team.Some of the positive comments made were about the team members being extremely helpful, understanding, committed, highly trained and safe environment. Service users’ responses suggested some improvements to the service such as shorter gaps between reviews, quicker liaison with other agencies, awareness among the nursing and allied staff regarding confidentiality and provision of information leaflets.ConclusionThese findings could be further strengthened by conducting a validated questionnaire on larger sample and can be extremely helpful in planning future services
Estimation of cerebral perfusion among patients with eating disorders, anxiety and depressive disorders
Authors: Banaś A. , Lass P. 
Published: May 2011

ObjectiveAssessment of the cerebral blood perfusion among patients with eating (ED), anxiety (AD) and depressive disorders (DD), diagnosed according to ICD-10.Method57 female and 22 male, aged 17–50 were examined using the Single Photon Emission Computer Tomography (SPECT) and the neuropsychological tests, Benton and Bender. We also used the Beck Depression Inventory, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, and the Spielberger Self-Evaluation Questionnaire. Electroencephalography was also performed.ResultIn ED, hypoperfusion occurred in 84.21%, and impairment of the central nervous system (CNS), was found in 27.77%, abnormalities in the electroencephalography - in 33.33% of the patients. In AD, hypoperfusion occurred in 72.72%, impairment of CNS - in 40%, abnormalities in EEG - in 48% of patients. In DD, hypoperfusion occurred in 81.48%, impairment of CNS - in 34.61%, abnormalities in EEG - in 38.46% of patients.ConclusionsHypoperfusion was observed mostly among patients with ED, mainly in the frontal, parietal areas, and in the thalamus, on the left hand side, similar to DD group. Among patients with AD, hypoperfusion at the left hand side occurred almost three times more frequently than among patients with DD (Chi2 = 6.54, p < .025). Anxiety as a trait was the highest in ED, but not significant. Among patients with AD, anxiety as a trait and as a state were almost at the same level.
Beliefs of nurses working in Mental Health and Illnesses Hospitals in Turkey toward mental ilnesses
Authors: Çam M.O. , Baysan Arabacı L. 
Published: May 2011

IntroductionThis research was carried out in order to determine the beliefs of nurses working in eight Mental Health and Illnesses Hospitals related to Ministry of Health in Turkey toward mental illnesses.MethodThis descriptive research was carried out by 650 participant nurses working in eight hospitals between the dates January-March 2009. Data were collected by “Descriptive Information Form” and “Beliefs Toward Mental Illness Scale(BMIS)” based on self-report. In evaluation of data, number-percentage distribution was done and the relationship between the variables was examined by t-test and variance analysis.FindingsAverage age of the nurses, most of whom were women (79.8%), was 34.48 ± 7.54. 86.3% of the nurses stated that they didn’t have any extensive course about psychiatry during their education, while 74.2% of the nurses, 33.4% of whom were Health Vocational High School graduates, stated that they had courses about phychiatry. BMIS point average of the nurses was found as 60.16 ± 14.83(Min:0- Max:105). A statistically meaningful relationship was found between the nurses’ hospitals they worked in, positions they worked, being satisfied from working for psychiatry, feeling safe while working for psychiatry, finding the working enviroment safe, having course about psychiatry during their education, having education about psychiatry after graduation and BMIS point average(p < 0.05).ResultThe research results showed that the nurses working in Mental Health and Illnesses Hospital in Turkey and giving care to individuals with mental disorders had negative attitudes toward mental illnesses. It was determined that the nurses, who had education about pyschiatry during their education or after their graduation, had more positive attitudes toward mental illnesses.