bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Inducing a tunable skyrmion-antiskyrmion system through ion beam modification of FeGe films
Authors: Venuti M. B. , Zhang Xiyue S. , Lang Eric J. , Addamane Sadhvikas J. , Paik Hanjong , Allen Portia , Sharma Peter , Muller David , Hattar Khalid , Lu Tzu-Ming , Eley Serena 
Published: June 2024

AbstractSkyrmions and antiskyrmions are nanoscale swirling textures of magnetic moments formed by chiral interactions between atomic spins in magnetic noncentrosymmetric materials and multilayer films with broken inversion symmetry. These quasiparticles are of interest for use as information carriers in next-generation, low-energy spintronic applications. To develop skyrmion-based memory and logic, we must understand skyrmion-defect interactions with two main goals—determining how skyrmions navigate intrinsic material defects and determining how to engineer disorder for optimal device operation. Here, we introduce a tunable means of creating a skyrmion-antiskyrmion system by engineering the disorder landscape in FeGe using ion irradiation. Specifically, we irradiate epitaxial B20-phase FeGe films with 2.8 MeV Au4+ ions at varying fluences, inducing amorphous regions within the crystalline matrix. Using low-temperature electrical transport and magnetization measurements, we observe a strong topological Hall effect with a double-peak feature that serves as a signature of skyrmions and antiskyrmions. These results are a step towards the development of information storage devices that use skyrmions and antiskyrmions as storage bits, and our system may serve as a testbed for theoretically predicted phenomena in skyrmion-antiskyrmion crystals.
Antiferromagnetic tunnel junctions for spintronics
Authors: Shao Ding-Fu , Tsymbal Evgeny Y. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAntiferromagnetic (AFM) spintronics has emerged as a subfield of spintronics, where an AFM Néel vector is used as a state variable. Efficient electric control and detection of the Néel vector are critical for spintronic applications. This review article features fundamental properties of AFM tunnel junctions (AFMTJs) as spintronic devices where such electric control and detection can be realized. We emphasize critical requirements for observing a large tunneling magnetoresistance (TMR) effect in AFMTJs with collinear and noncollinear AFM electrodes, such as a momentum-dependent spin polarization and Néel spin currents. We further discuss spin torques in AFMTJs that are capable of Néel vector switching. Overall, AFMTJs have potential to become a new standard for spintronics providing larger magnetoresistive effects, few orders of magnitude faster switching speed, and much higher packing density than conventional magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs).
Multiferroic kinks and spin-flop transition in Ni2InSbO6 from first principles
Authors: Ono Ryota , Solovyev Igor , Artyukhin Sergey 
Published: June 2024

AbstractMagnetoelectric multiferroics are key materials for next-generation spintronic devices due to their entangled magnetic and ferroelectric properties. Spiral multiferroics possess ferroelectric polarization and are particularly promising for electric control of magnetism and magnetic control of ferroelectricity. In this work, we uncover long-period incommensurate states characterized by unique multiferroic kinks in corundum nickelate Ni2InSbO6, a member of a promising family of polar magnets. Utilizing a 2-orbital S = 1 model, we derive formulas for Heisenberg and anisotropic magnetic exchanges and magnetically-induced polarization, enabling their calculations from first principles. We use these parameters in Monte Carlo and Landau theory-based calculations to reproduce experimentally observed magnetic structures and polarization dependence on the magnetic field. We predict magnetic phase transitions between flat spiral, conical spiral, canted antiferromagnetic and ferromagnetic states under increasing magnetic fields. Kinks in the spiral phases repel each other through a Yukawa-like potential arising from exchange of massive magnons. We also find that suitably directed electric fields can be used to stabilize the ferromagnetic and spiral states. The findings open a new pathway to predictive first-principles modelling of multiferroics and will inspire experiments and technological applications based on multiferroic kinks.
Epsilon-near-zero regime for ultrafast opto-spintronics
Authors: Davies C. S. , Kirilyuk A. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractOver the last two decades, breakthrough works in the field of non-linear phononics have revealed that high-frequency lattice vibrations, when driven to high amplitude by mid- to far-infrared optical pulses, can bolster the light-matter interaction and thereby lend control over a variety of spontaneous orderings. This approach fundamentally relies on the resonant excitation of infrared-active transverse optical phonon modes, which are characterized by a maximum in the imaginary part of the medium’s permittivity. Here, in this Perspective article, we discuss an alternative strategy where the light pulses are instead tailored to match the frequency at which the real part of the medium’s permittivity goes to zero. This so-called epsilon-near-zero regime, popularly studied in the context of metamaterials, naturally emerges to some extent in all dielectric crystals in the infrared spectral range. We find that the light-matter interaction in the phononic epsilon-near-zero regime becomes strongly enhanced, yielding even the possibility of permanently switching both spin and polarization order parameters. We provide our perspective on how this hitherto-neglected yet fertile research area can be explored in future, with the aim to outline and highlight the exciting challenges and opportunities ahead.
Observation of reentrant metal-insulator transition in a random-dimer disordered SSH lattice
Authors: Xu Ze-Sheng , Gao Jun , Iovan Adrian , Khaymovich Ivan M. , Zwiller Val , Elshaari Ali W. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe interrelationship between localization, quantum transport, and disorder has remained a fascinating focus in scientific research. Traditionally, it has been widely accepted in the physics community that in one-dimensional systems, as disorder increases, localization intensifies, triggering a metal-insulator transition. However, a recent theoretical investigation [Phys. Rev. Lett. 126, 106803] has revealed that the interplay between dimerization and disorder leads to a reentrant localization transition, constituting a remarkable theoretical advancement in the field. Here, we present the first experimental observation of reentrant localization using an experimentally friendly model, a photonic SSH lattice with random-dimer disorder, achieved by incrementally adjusting synthetic potentials. In the presence of correlated on-site potentials, certain eigenstates exhibit extended behavior following the localization transition as the disorder continues to increase. We directly probe the wave function in disordered lattices by exciting specific lattice sites and recording the light distribution. This reentrant phenomenon is further verified by observing an anomalous peak in the normalized participation ratio. Our study enriches the understanding of transport in disordered mediums and accentuates the substantial potential of integrated photonics for the simulation of intricate condensed matter physics phenomena.
Deterministic quasi-continuous tuning of phase-change material integrated on a high-volume 300-mm silicon photonics platform
Authors: Chen Rui , Tara Virat , Choi Minho , Dutta Jayita , Sim Justin , Ye Julian , Fang Zhuoran , Zheng Jiajiu , Majumdar Arka 
Published: June 2024

AbstractProgrammable photonic integrated circuits (PICs) consisting of reconfigurable on-chip optical components have been creating new paradigms in various applications, such as integrated spectroscopy, multi-purpose microwave photonics, and optical information processing. Among many reconfiguration mechanisms, non-volatile chalcogenide phase-change materials (PCMs) exhibit a promising approach to the future very-large-scale programmable PICs, thanks to their zero static power and large optical index modulation, leading to extremely low energy consumption and ultra-compact footprints. However, the scalability of the current PCM-based programmable PICs is still limited since they are not directly off-the-shelf in commercial photonic foundries now. Here, we demonstrate a scalable platform harnessing the mature and reliable 300 mm silicon photonic fab, assisted by an in-house wide-bandgap PCM (Sb2S3) integration process. We show various non-volatile programmable devices, including micro-ring resonators, Mach-Zehnder interferometers and asymmetric directional couplers, with low loss (~0.0044 dB/µm), large phase shift (~0.012 π/µm) and high endurance (>5000 switching events with little performance degradation). Moreover, we showcase this platform’s capability of handling relatively complex structures such as multiple PIN diode heaters in devices, each independently controlling an Sb2S3 segment. By reliably setting the Sb2S3 segments to fully amorphous or crystalline state, we achieved deterministic multilevel operation. An asymmetric directional coupler with two unequal-length Sb2S3 segments showed the capability of four-level switching, beyond cross-and-bar binary states. We further showed unbalanced Mach-Zehnder interferometers with equal-length and unequal-length Sb2S3 segments, exhibiting reversible switching and a maximum of 5 ($$N+1,N=4$$

N
+
1
,
N
=
4

) and 8 ($${2}^{N},N=3$$

2

N

,
N
=
3

) equally spaced operation levels, respectively. This work lays the foundation for future programmable very-large-scale PICs with deterministic programmability.
Data‐driven adaptive control design for active stabilization of stratospheric airship imaging platform: A characteristic model approach
Authors: Chen Yanlin , Shen Shaoping , Guan Junjie , Hu Zikun 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIn response to the problem of disturbance in the imaging equipment of stratospheric airships, this study designs a vibration isolation and stability system for carrying imaging equipment. The system mainly consists of microprocessor, gimbal, voice coil motor (VCM) and rubber ring. By using adaptive control law based on characteristic model to control the double closed control loop of the motor composed of position loop and speed loop, the camera deflection caused by disturbance is effectively eliminated. Furthermore, in vertical vibration suppression, the adaptive control law based on the characteristic model is also applied to the double closed control loop of the voice coil motor, which removes most of the vertical vibration and realizes active vibration isolation. The passive isolation of the system is completed by rubber rings. The experimental results show that the vibration isolation and stabilization system have good performance in complex disturbance environments, effectively stabilizing the imaging equipment.
A fast algorithm for sparse signal recovery via fraction function
Authors: Cui Angang , He Haizhen , Yang Hong 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIn this article, a fast algorithm is studied to recover the sparse signals. It can be regarded as an extension of the parameterized fast iterative shrinkage‐thresholding algorithm from convex optimization to nonconvex optimization. Numerical results show that the proposed fast algorithm is efficient and fast in recovering the sparse signals.
RRER: A refined registration method based on contrast minimum for event and RGB cameras
Authors: Zhang Shijie , Tang Tao , Sang Fan , Pei Xuan , Hou Taogang 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe precise perception of the surrounding environment in traffic scenes is an important part of an intelligent transportation system. The event camera could provide complementary information to traditional frame‐based cameras, such as high dynamic range, and high time resolution, in the perception of traffic targets. To improve the precision and reliability of perception as well as facilitate lots of RGB camera‐based studies introduced to event cameras directly, a refined registration method for event‐based cameras and RGB cameras on the basis of pixel‐level region segmentation is proposed, to provide a fusion method at pixel level. A total of eight sequences and a dataset containing 260 typical traffic scenes are contained in the experiment dataset, both selected from DSEC, a traffic event‐based dataset. The registered event image shows a better spatial consistency with RGB images visually. Compared to the baseline, the evaluation indicators, such as the performance of the contrast, the proportion of overlapping pixels, and average registration accuracy have been improved. In the traffic object segmentation task, the average boundary displacement error of our method has decreased and the max decline value has reached 79.665%, compared to the boundary displacement error between ground truth and baseline. These results indicate prospective applications in the perception of intelligent transportation systems combined with event and RGB cameras. The traffic dataset with pixel‐level semantic annotations will be provided soon.
Learning curve for endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) in the United States: Large, untutored, single-operator experience
Authors: Khalaf Mai A , Ayoub Fares , Staggers Kristen A , El-Haj Johanna W , Jawaid Salmaan , Othman Mohamed O. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractEndoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD)
allows removal of tumors en-bloc. Western adoption of ESD has been hindered by its steep
learning curve. Western data regarding ESD learning curve are limited. We analyzed the
learning curve of a single endoscopist at a tertiary referral center in the United
States.All consecutive ESDs performed by a single
endoscopist at a tertiary referral center in the United States from 2015 through 2022 were
identified. Descriptive statistics and CUSUM analysis were used to describe the learning curve
for en-bloc, R0 resection, and resection speed.In our study, 503 patients with 515 lesions were
included. Severe submucosal fibrosis was found in 17% of the lesions. The rates of en-bloc,
R0, and curative resections were 81.9%, 71.1%, and 68.4%, respectively. CUSUM analysis showed
that the learning curve plateaued at 268, 347, and 170 cases for en-bloc resection, R0
resection, and achieving a resection speed > 9 cm2/hr. Fibrosis significantly
affected the R0 resection rate in the regression analysis (95% confidence interval 0.21–0.55).
In colonic ESD curve analysis, the learning plateau was reached after 185 cases for both
en-bloc and R0 resection.Following ex-vivo training in an animal model, an
untutored expert operator achieved competency in ESD between 250 and 350 procedures. Our data
can inform development of future training programs in the West.
Factors influencing school climate: an empirical study based on the TALIS principal survey
Authors: Jiang Xiaodi , Liu Ren 
Published: June 2024

AbstractTo explore the influencing factors of school climate, this paper used TALIS 2018 principal survey data and applied linear regression to examine the influence of three elements on school climate: external school environment and structure, principal personal characteristics, and principal leadership. According to the research targeting 198 principals from Shanghai secondary schools, all three aspects can influence the formation and development of school climate, with each influencing factor acting on different dimensions of school climate. These different paths are the mechanisms that influence the school climate in the education system. In addition, principal leadership plays a more important role than the other aspects in determining school climate. To create a school climate that is better suited to the development of all involved in the school, this paper offers suggestions on how to better select principals and improve their leadership skills.
Defining social innovation for post-secondary educational institutions: a concept analysis
Authors: Benzies K. M. , Nicholas D. B. , Hayden K. A. , Barnas T. , de Koning A. , Bharwani A. , Armstrong J. , Day J. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractEducation, research, and contribution to society through innovation are the three missions of post-secondary educational institutions. There is a gap in understanding the concept of social innovation for post-second educational institutions. A clear definition would: (a) guide institutional strategic direction and supports, (b) recognize and reward academic research in social innovation, and (c) enable accurate measurement of outcomes and impact of social innovation activities. To redress the definitional imprecision, Walker and Avant’s method was used to conduct a concept analysis of social innovation. Four multi-disciplinary databases were searched to identify 1830 records. Antecedents, defining attributes, and consequences of social innovation were extracted from 272 of these articles. Defining attributes were reconstructed to develop a new definition. For post-secondary educational institutions, social innovation was defined as the intentional implementation of a transdisciplinary initiative to address a social challenge enabled through collaborative action leading to new or improved capabilities and relationships with community to generate evidence-informed solutions that are more effective, efficient, just, and sustainable. With greater clarity about the definition of social innovation, post-secondary educational institutions can create strategic plans and allocate resources to fulfil the Third Mission. With an evidence-informed definition, post-secondary educational institutions can develop a measurement framework to demonstrate outcomes and impacts of social innovation.
Understanding the visitor complaints about urban green spaces: a thematic investigation of online reviews on nation gardens in Istanbul, Türkiye
Authors: Aydemir Buket , Çetinkaya Güney , Güngör Abdullah , Ömüriş Ece 
Published: June 2024

AbstractUrban Green Spaces have become essential tools for promoting public health, especially in over-urbanized cities. Following visitors’ outdoor recreation experiences, this paper aims to identify visitors’ complaints about nation gardens in Istanbul. The study site consisted of 12 nation gardens in Istanbul. Initially, 38,965 Google Maps reviews about the nation gardens through December 2022 were screened. Then, 4143 comments containing the visitors’ complaints were identified. After gathering these comments in an Excel spreadsheet, the data was imported to MAXQDA software. Braun and Clarke’s six-phased thematic analysis approach was applied to explore codes and themes. Considering the visitors’ complaints, 91 codes were generated. Relevant codes are categorized under five themes: outdoor areas/physical characteristics, facilities, visitors’ interactions, accessibility/entrance management, and restrictions and security implications. Outdoor areas/physical characteristics, facilities, and visitor interactions are the most common complaints, followed by accessibility and security. Park planners can use visitor feedback to improve existing parks and design new ones, maximizing individual and social benefits, such as health outcomes, and ensuring the effective use of green spaces.
Assessing the potential of LLM-assisted annotation for corpus-based pragmatics and discourse analysis
Authors: Yu Danni , Li Luyang , Su Hang , Fuoli Matteo 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Certain forms of linguistic annotation, like part of speech and semantic tagging, can be automated with high
accuracy. However, manual annotation is still necessary for complex pragmatic and discursive features that lack a direct mapping
to lexical forms. This manual process is time-consuming and error-prone, limiting the scalability of function-to-form approaches
in corpus linguistics. To address this, our study explores the possibility of using large language models (LLMs) to automate
pragma-discursive corpus annotation. We compare GPT-3.5 (the model behind the free-to-use version of ChatGPT), GPT-4 (the model
underpinning the precise mode of Bing chatbot), and a human coder in annotating apology components in English based on the local
grammar framework. We find that GPT-4 outperformed GPT-3.5, with accuracy approaching that of a human coder. These results suggest
that LLMs can be successfully deployed to aid pragma-discursive corpus annotation, making the process more efficient, scalable,
and accessible.
Gendering the language of genocide
Authors: Mañero Laura Miñano 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Exploring the Holocaust through a gendered lens, this article examines linguistic aggression against women in Nazi
concentration camps. While extensive scholarship connects language to genocide, the imbrication between gender, language and
genocide remains an under-researched subject. To further this discussion, I analyze female survivors’ memoirs to explore the
processes of semantic deprecation through metaphorization. Relying on cognitive semantics (Lakoff and Johnson 1980), I concentrate on euphemistic and dysphemistic metaphors that construct women’s identities in
terms of otherness, by means of zoosemic and reifying conceptualizations, among others. The sources under examination encompass
Jewish survivors Liana Millu (2001); Gisella Perl
(2019), and Anne-Lise Stern (2004), and non-Jewish resisters Margarete Buber-Neumann (2008); Wanda Półtawska (1989),
and Germaine Tillion (1997). Considering the relationship between metaphorical language and perceived stereotypes about women and
the feminine, and focusing on specific lexical items, I hope to unravel the nexus between linguistic aggression and patriarchal
structures in the concentration camp system. I argue that metaphorization reinforced women’s inferior position and perpetuated
gender stereotypes. I suggest that, paradoxically, this violence also triggered empowering processes of linguistic
reappropriation, asserting the victims’ agency.
Laser polarization control of ionization-injected electron beams and x-ray radiation in laser wakefield accelerators
Authors: Mukherjee Arghya , Seipt Daniel 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
In this paper, we have studied the influence of laser polarization on the dynamics of the ionization-injected electron beams, and subsequently, the properties of the emitted betatron radiation in laser wakefield accelerators (LWFAs). While ionizing by strong field laser radiation, the generated photo-electrons carry a residual transverse momentum in excess of the ionization potential via the above threshold ionization (ATI) process. This ATI momentum explicitly depends on the polarization state of the ionizing laser and eventually governs the dynamics of the electron beam trapped inside the wake potential. In order to systematically investigate the effect of the laser polarization, here, we have employed complete three-dimensional particle-in-cell simulations in the nonlinear bubble regime of the LWFAs. We focus, in particular, on the effects the laser polarization has on the ionization injection mechanism, and how these features affect the final beam properties, such as beam charge, energy, energy spread, and transverse emittance. We have also found that as the laser polarization gradually changes from linear to circular, the helicity of the electron trajectory, and hence the angular momentum carried by the beam, increases significantly. Studies have been further extended to reveal the effect of laser polarization on the radiation emitted by the accelerated electrons. The far-field radiation spectra have been calculated for the linear and circular polarization states of the laser. It has been shown that the spatial distributions and the polarization properties (Stokes parameters) of the emitted radiation in the above two cases are substantially different. Therefore, our study provides a facile and efficient alternative to regulate the properties of the accelerated electron beams and x-ray radiation in LWFAs, utilizing ionization injection mechanism.