bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Epigallocatechin‐3‐gallate induced modulation of cell deadhesion and migration on thermosensitive poly(N‐isopropylacrylamide)
Authors: Li Xi , Feng Huixing , Chen Beiyi , Ng Soon Seng , Chen Wei Ning , Chan Vincent 
Published: June 2011

AbstractEpigallocatechin‐3‐gallate (EGCG), which is the main polyphenolic constituent of green tea, has emerged as a promising candidate for potential applications in selected anticancer therapeutics. Generally, tumor metastasis is known to be correlated with the alterations in cell adhesion and migration of normal cells. Nevertheless, the effect of EGCG on the biophysical responses of tumor cell adhering on extracellular matrix remains obscure. In this study, a thermosenstive poly(N‐isopropylacrylamide) (PIPAAm) system was developed to elucidate the potential anti‐tumor effect of EGCG on the deadhesion and migration of HepG2 cells. First, both XPS and ELISA validated the coating of laminin (LA) on PIPAAm. Second, a change of nanotopology of LA layer on PIPAAm across the lower solution critical temperature (LCST) was detected with AFM. HepG2 cells seeded on LA‐coated PIPAAm surface was shown to go through deadhesion by lowering the temperature below the LCST. Interestingly, EGCG was shown to decelerate the thermally triggered deadhesion of HepG2 cell on LA coated PIPAAm. Moreover, the inhibition of cell deadhesion in EGCG treated cells was shown to be driven by actin remodeling. Interestingly, the modulation of cell deadhesion on LA coated PIPAAm by EGCG leads to the reduction of cell motility as shown by real‐time cell migration assay. Overall, the use of PIPAAm system demonstrated the promise of EGCG as anticancer therapy through the suppression of cell deadhesion and migration. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A:, 2011.
Rank‐width of random graphs
Authors: Lee Choongbum , Lee Joonkyung , Oum Sang‐il 
Published: June 2011

AbstractRank‐width of a graph G, denoted by rw(G), is a width parameter of graphs introduced by Oum and Seymour [J Combin Theory Ser B 96 (2006), 514–528]. We investigate the asymptotic behavior of rank‐width of a random graph G(n, p). We show that, asymptotically almost surely, (i) if p∈(0, 1) is a constant, then rw(G(n, p)) = ⌈n/3⌉−O(1), (ii) if , then rw(G(n, p)) = ⌈1/3⌉−o(n), (iii) if p = c/n and c>1, then rw(G(n, p))⩾rn for some r = r(c), and (iv) if p⩽c/n and c81, then rw(G(n, p))⩽2. As a corollary, we deduce that the tree‐width of G(n, p) is linear in n whenever p = c/n for each c>1, answering a question of Gao [2006]. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Graph Theory.
Purkinje cell protein 4 positively regulates neurite outgrowth and neurotransmitter release
Authors: Harashima Shin‐ichi , Wang Yu , Horiuchi Takahiko , Seino Yutaka , Inagaki Nobuya 
Published: June 2011

AbstractPurkinje cell protein 4 (PCP4), also called brain‐specific polypeptide 19 (PEP19), is a neurospecific, small calmodulin‐binding protein that binds both calcium‐free and calcium‐binding calmodulin to regulate the calmodulin‐mediated signal. The expression level of this molecule is decreased in the brain in Alzheimer's disease, Huntington's disease, and alcoholism. However, little is known of the function of PCP4 regarding neuronal or neuroendocrine cell differentiation and neurotransmitter release. To address this, we established a PCP4 tetracycline‐inducible rat chromaffin cell line, PC12. When PCP4 expression was induced with doxcycline, neurite outgrowth was significantly advanced in the presence of nerve growth factor (NGF) and dibutyryl cAMP, which was inhibited by W‐7, a calmodulin inhibitor, and PD98059, an ERK inhibitor. In addition, size of the cell body also was increased by treatment with NGF in the PCP4‐induced PC12 cells. Constitutive and potassium‐evoked release of acetylcholine and dopamine was increased and apoptosis induced by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) was inhibited in PCP4‐induced PC12 cells. On the other hand, knockdown of PCP4 by siRNA transfection decreased neurite outgrowth and dopamine release and increased H2O2‐induced apoptosis in PC12 cells. These results indicate that PCP4 promotes neuroendocrine cell differentiation and neurotransmitter release by activating calmodulin function. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Weak cation‐exchange monolithic column for capillary liquid chromatography of peptides and proteins
Authors: Chen Xin , Tolley H. Dennis , Lee Milton L. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractA stable poly(2‐carboxyethyl acrylate‐co‐poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate) monolith was synthesized inside a 75‐μm id capillary by direct in situ photo‐initiated polymerization in a binary porogenic solvent consisting of methanol and ethyl ether. The resulting monolith was evaluated for weak cation‐exchange capillary liquid chromatography of peptides and proteins. A high dynamic binding capacity of 72.7 mg lysozyme per cm3 column volume was measured. Fast mass transfer was demonstrated by steep breakthrough curves. The resulting monolith exhibited negligible hydrophobicity, leading to good separation of peptides and proteins. Peak capacities of 11 for peptides with a 10‐min salt gradient and 39 for proteins with a 20‐min salt gradient were measured. An efficiency of 37 000 plates/m for proteins was obtained under isocratic conditions. The effects of functional group concentration, porogenic solvent composition, mobile phase pH, salt gradient rate, and hydrophobicity on the retention of analytes were investigated. Good run‐to‐run relative standard deviation (RSD) <1.93% and column‐to‐column RSD <4.63% were achieved.
Solvent hydrogen bonding and structural effects on the reaction of 2‐halo‐5‐nitropyridines with parasubstituted anilines in dimethylsulfoxide/acetonitrile mixtures
Authors: Kalaimani N. , Rathinam S. , Bhuvaneshwari D. S. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractSubstitution reactions of some parasubstituted anilines with 2‐chloro‐5‐nitropyridine and 2‐bromo‐5‐nitropyridine were carried out conductometrically in dimethylsulfoxide/acetonitrile mixtures. The correlation of second order rate constants with Hammett's substituent constants yields a fairly linear straight line with a negative slope. The correlation of rate data with Kamlet–Taft's solvatochromic parameters is excellent (100R2= 97%) in both the substrates. The solvation model proposed is well supported by the solvatochromism exhibited by aniline in the solvent mixture under investigation. The molar extinction coefficient (εmax ) of aniline varies appreciably up to ∼25% with the change in composition of the mixture. The multivariate correlation analysis of εmax  (with α, β, π*) suggests that the solvation around NH2 moiety of aniline through hydrogen bond donor (HBD) property is found to be dominant in the solvation process and consequently in altering the rate. The observation is that the dominance of HBD property in solvation is further confirmed by the cyclic voltammetric oxidation of aniline in the solvent mixture. © 2011 Wiley Peiodicals, Inc. Int J Chem Kinet 43: 409–417, 2011
Spiropyran‐Based Polymeric Vesicles: Preparation and Photochromic Properties
Authors: Huang Chuan‐Qun , Wang Ying , Hong Chun‐Yan , Pan Cai‐Yuan 
Published: June 2011

AbstractA direct access to photochromic polymeric vesicles was demonstrated via polymerization‐induced self‐assembly and reorganization (PISR). The resulting vesicles displayed interesting photochromic behaviors different from that of their free polymer chains in DMF, and the vesicles exhibited stronger fluorescence and excellent photostability due to confinement of conformational flexibility of the polymer chains in aggregates. magnified image
Thermosensitivity of Bile Acid‐Based Oligo(ethylene glycol) Stars in Aqueous Solutions
Authors: Strandman Satu , Le Dévédec Frantz , Zhu X. X. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractAmphiphilic star‐shaped oligo(ethylene glycol)s with a hydrophobic bile acid core and varying number of hydrophilic arms have been made. Their thermal behavior in aqueous solutions depends on the number rather than the length of the arms. The two‐armed lithocholate derivative showed the strongest tendency for association and exhibited the lowest cloud point (79 °C) of the oligomers made, as well as another phase separation at a lower temperature (31 °C). The “double thermosensitivity” arising both from the salt‐dependent LCST of the oligo(ethylene glycol) segments and the temperature‐responsive self‐assembly of amphiphilic bile acid derivative provides an interesting path in the design of bile acid‐based smart materials. magnified image
Two‐Dimensional Wang–Landau Algorithm for Osmotic Pressure Calculations in a Polyelectrolyte–Membrane System
Authors: Volkov Nikolay A. , Vorontsov‐Velyaminov Pavel N. , Lyubartsev Alexander P. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractThe Monte Carlo method based on two‐dimensional entropic sampling within the Wang–Landau (WL) algorithm is applied to simulation of a continuous model of a polyelectrolyte between membrane surfaces. Membranes are presented by parallel plane surfaces holding either fixed or mobile dipoles (representing lipid headgroups). A strongly charged polyion accompanied by neutralizing counterions is placed between the membranes. Periodic boundary conditions are imposed along X‐ and Y‐axes. The volume of the main cell is varied during the simulation by shifting one of the surfaces along Z‐axis. Within two‐dimensional WL sampling algorithm we obtain joint density of states as a function of energy and volume in a single run. In order to increase efficiency of our calculations we introduce a number of modifications to the original WL‐approach. Various properties of the system over wide temperature and volume or pressure ranges, i.e., conformational energy, heat capacity, and free energy, are obtained from the two‐dimensional density of states by simple integration. The osmotic pressure is calculated as a derivative of Helmholtz free energy. Alternatively, properties of the system, including average volume, can be obtained under condition of NPT ensemble. It is shown that the both approaches produce coinciding Posm(V) isotherms. In all considered cases we observe repulsive effective interaction between the membrane surfaces, and repulsion is stronger for the surfaces with fixed dipoles. magnified image
Atomistic Molecular Dynamics Simulation of Surface Grafted PMMA
Authors: Fröhlich Markus G. , Zifferer Gerhard 
Published: June 2011

AbstractProperties characteristic of the size, shape, and orientation as well as the rigidity of PMMA end‐grafted to an amorphous silica surface are calculated by use of fully atomistic molecular dynamics simulations with MMA as explicit solvent. Both the number of grafted chains and their tacticity is varied. Firstly, properties of one atactic end‐grafted chain are compared to those of the same chain without any surface being present. Secondly one, two, and four atactic grafted chains are evaluated to study the influence of grafting density (at low surface occupancy) and thirdly, results of single grafted iso‐, syndio‐, and atactic chains, respectively, are compared to elucidate the influence of tacticity. Additionally, the used force field is validated by calculation of the diffusion coefficient of solvent molecules. magnified image
Motor cortical plasticity is impaired in Unverricht–Lundborg disease
Authors: Danner Nils , Säisänen Laura , Määttä Sara , Julkunen Petro , Hukkanen Taina , Könönen Mervi , Hyppönen Jelena , Kälviäinen Reetta , Mervaala Esa 
Published: June 2011

AbstractPatients with Unverricht–Lundborg disease, also referred to as progressive myoclonus epilepsy type 1, exhibit widespread motor symptoms and signs in addition to epileptic seizures, which suggest abnormal excitability of the primary motor pathways. To explore the plasticity of the sensory–motor cortex, we employed a modern neurophysiological method, the paired associative stimulation protocol, which resembles the concept of long‐term potentiation of experimental studies. Seven patients with genetically verified Unverricht–Lundborg disease and 13 healthy control subjects were enrolled in the study to characterize cortical sensory–motor plasticity. In the study protocol, peripheral electric median nerve stimulation preceded navigated transcranial magnetic stimulation targeted to the representation area of thenar musculature on the contralateral primary motor cortex. The protocol consisted of 132 transcranial magnetic stimulation trials at 0.2 Hz, preceded by peripheral sensory stimulation at 25 ms. Motor‐evoked potential amplitudes were analyzed at baseline and after the paired associative stimulation protocol at an intensity of 130% of the individual motor threshold. The patients with Unverricht–Lundborg disease exhibited an average decrease of 15% in motor‐evoked potential amplitudes 30 minutes after paired associative stimulation, whereas in the control subjects, a significant increase (101%) was observed (P < .05), as expected. The results indicate a lack of normal cortical plasticity in Unverricht–Lundborg disease, which stresses the role of abnormal motor cortical functions or sensorimotor integration as possible pathophysiological contributors to the motor symptoms. The impaired cortical plasticity may be associated with the previously reported structural and physiological abnormalities of the primary motor cortex. © 2011 Movement Disorder Society
Self‐Efficacy as an Outcome Measure and its Association with Physical Disease‐Related Variables in Persons with Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Literature Review
Authors: Primdahl J. , Wagner L. , Hørslev‐Petersen Kim 
Published: June 2011

AbstractBackgroundStudies have demonstrated a positive impact of patient education on self‐efficacy in persons with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, the relationship between self‐efficacy, physical disease‐related variables and educational interventions has not yet been reviewed.AimThe aims of this study, in relation to persons with RA, were: 1) to provide an overview of the existing research into the association between self‐efficacy and physical disease‐related variables and, with this knowledge, 2) to provide an overview of the existing research on the effect of different types of educational interventions on self‐efficacy.MethodA systematic literature search was performed using eight databases, based on the terms ‘rheumatoid arthritis’ AND ‘self‐efficacy’. In total, 74 studies reporting associations between self‐efficacy and physical disease‐related variables and using self‐efficacy as an outcome measure in educational interventions were included.ResultsThe scores obtained by the most commonly used questionnaire, the Arthritis Self‐Efficacy Scale (ASES), was highly associated with physical disability, pain, fatigue and disease duration. If educational activities had a positive impact on self‐efficacy, disease‐related variables usually improved as well. Evidence is scarce as to whether disease‐related variables affect patients' self‐efficacy or vice versa and whether individual consultations can affect patients' self‐efficacy.ConclusionThe scores attained by the ASES is highly associated with physical disease‐related variables. This relationship requires further research using a specific study design to restrict bias when evaluating the impact of interventions on self‐efficacy in persons with RA. Research is needed on whether individual consultations can affect patients' self‐efficacy. Disease‐related variables do not affect the Rheumatoid Arthritis Self‐Efficacy (RASE) questionnaire but this needs further exploration. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Spezialitäten und Patentklippen
Authors: Bulmahn Maren 
Published: June 2011

AbstractOb Spezialchemikalienhersteller oder Chemikalienhandel: Etliche Unternehmen lieferten in Deutschland im letzten Jahr Rekordergebnisse. Nur die Pharmaindustrie meldete zum Teil schlechtere Werte als im Jahr zuvor. Nach den Daten der großen deutschen Chemieunternehmen folgen jetzt Jahresberichte weiterer Unternehmen und Branchen.
Characterization of the urinary bladder dysfunction in renovascular hypertensive rats
Authors: Ramos‐Filho Antonio C.S. , Mónica Fabíola Z.T. , Franco‐Penteado Carla F. , Rojas‐Moscoso Julio A. , Báu Fernando R. , Schenka André A. , De Nucci Gilberto , Antunes Edson 
Published: June 2011

AbstractAimsAssociation between arterial hypertension and urinary bladder dysfunction has been reported in humans and spontaneously hypertensive rats. However, no study exists evaluating the bladder dysfunction in conditions of renovascular hypertension. The purpose of this study was to characterize the bladder dysfunction in two kidney‐one clip (2K‐1C) hypertensive rats.MethodsA silver clip was placed around the renal artery of male Wistar rats. After 8 weeks, cystometric study, concentration–response curves to contractile and relaxant agents, frequency‐dependent contractions, histomorphometry, muscarinic M2/M3 mRNA expression and cyclic AMP measurements were performed.Results2K‐1C rats showed enhanced bladder volume, wall thickness and smooth muscle density. 2K‐1C rats also exhibited increases in bladder capacity and non‐void contractions, and decreases in the inter‐contraction intervals. In isolated detrusor smooth muscle (DSM), contractions to carbachol and electrical‐field stimulation (EFS) were significantly greater in 2K‐1C rats. The Rho‐kinase inhibitor Y27632 (10 µM) significantly reduced the carbachol‐induced contractions in SHAM and 2K‐1C rats, but DSM remained overactive in 2K‐1C rats in presence of Y27632. Concentration‐dependent contractions to the P2X receptor agonist α,β‐methylene ATP, KCl and extracellular Ca2+ did not change between SHAM and 2K‐1C groups. In 2K‐1C rats, isoproterenol, metaproterenol and BRL 37‐344 (non‐selective, β2‐ and β3‐selective adrenoceptor agonists, respectively) produced significantly lower relaxations and decreased cAMP levels, whereas relaxant responses to sodium nitroprusside and BAY 41‐2272 remained unchanged. Muscarinic M3 mRNA expression receptors were higher in 2K‐1C group.ConclusionsRenovascular hypertensive rats exhibit bladder dysfunction that involves tissue remodeling and enhanced muscarinic M3‐mediated contractions associated with reduced β‐adrenoceptor‐mediated signal transduction. Neurourol. Urodynam. 30:1392–1402, 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
PSA levels in men with spinal cord injury and under intermittent catheterization
Authors: Torricelli Fabio César Miranda , Lucon Marcos , Vicentini Fabio , Gomes Cristiano Mendes , Srougi Miguel , Bruschini Homero 
Published: June 2011

AbstractAimTo evaluate serum PSA levels of patients with spinal cord injury (SCI) submitted or not to CIC in comparison to those of the general population.MethodsWe retrospectively studied 140 men with SCI admitted in our department from January 2005 to May 2009. Thirty‐four SCI patients had PSA levels available, comprising 21 under CIC and 13 without CIC. Patients under CIC performed it 4–6 times a day and mean time of catheterization was 72.4 months (range 30–192). The most common etiology of SCI was fall from height (33%), followed by car/motorcycle crashes (15%). Control group was composed by 670 healthy men that were referred to our service to evaluation of Kidney donation or cancer prostate screening. We used Student's t‐test and variance analysis (ANOVA) for age and PSA comparison between the groups.ResultsOverall, patients with SCI and controls had similar mean age (54 vs. 57 years old, P = 0.11) and mean PSA level (1.81 vs. 1.95 ng/ml, P = 0.66). SCI patients were divided into with and without CIC. Patients without CIC had similar mean age (60 vs. 57 years old, P = 0.11) and similar PSA values when compared to controls (1.72 vs. 1.95 ng/ml, P = 0.89). Patients under CIC were compared to controls with similar age (50 vs. 47 years, P = 0.0332) and their PSA levels were greater (1.86 vs. 0.79 ng/ml, P = 0.026).ConclusionClean intermittent catheterization increased PSA levels approximately doubling its value. Neurourol. Urodynam. 30: 1522–1524, 2011. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Not so sexy: public opinion of political sex scandals as reflected in political cartoons
Authors: Wiid Ria , Pitt Leyland F. , Engstrom Anne 
Published: June 2011

An analysis of political cartoons of three well‐known US political sex scandals is presented to examine how cartoons channel public perception in terms of the involvement of a prominent politician and the difference of opinion based on who the politician is, frame the organization of communal knowledge, and facilitate the grounds upon which some things can be said.On one side of the spectrum, theories of political cartoons presume that political cartoons reflect public attitudes about current events and that by studying cartoons surrounding a sex scandal, public attitudes toward such a scandal can be effectively understood. On the other side of the spectrum, theory argues that cartoons actually persuade and shape public attitudes, intentions, and behaviors.Three prominent former US politicians were selected for the analysis:

Eliot Spitzer and the Emperor's Club
Bill Clinton and Monica Lewinsky
John Edwards and Rielle HunterThe criteria of narrative, location, binary struggle, and normative transfer were used as a framework to analyze 230 cartoons. The findings suggest that some politicians emerge relatively unscathed from scandals, others are seriously condemned, yet others are obscured or have their roles changed substantially. On the basis of the research criteria, it seems that public reactions and sentiments toward politicians' involvement in a scandal depend on what the scandal was about, where it occurred and what happened there, who the protagonists in the conflict were, and who the loser in the story was. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Pancreatic exocrine function and cardiac iron in patients with iron overload and with thalassemia
Authors: Yamamura Jin , Grosse Regine , Jarisch Andrea , Janka Gritta E. , Nielsen Peter , Adam Gerhard , Fischer Roland 
Published: June 2011

AbstractPatients with β‐thalassemia major at risk of cardiac iron overload have to be identified to undergo myocardial iron measurements by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), especially, in areas and centers with restricted access to MRI. Measurements of heart iron, liver iron, and pancreatic exocrine function were performed in 44 patients by MRI‐R2* [the transverse relaxation rate R2* (= 1/T2*) characterizes the magnetic resonance decay from protons not being in phase with each other in contrast to R2 (= 1/T2)], biomagnetic liver susceptometry (LIC), and pancreatic serum amylase (PAM) and lipase (LIP), respectively. ROC analysis (area: 0.88) for detecting patients with cardiac R2* > 50 sec−1 (T2* < 20 msec) by LIP revealed a cut‐off level of 19 U/L. In conclusion, patients at risk of elevated cardiac iron levels could be identified by the exocrine pancreatic lipase and amylase function parameters. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2011; 57: 674–676. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Proteomic analysis of outer membrane vesicles derived from Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Authors: Choi Dong‐Sic , Kim Dae‐Kyum , Choi Seng Jin , Lee Jaewook , Choi Jun‐Pyo , Rho Sangchul , Park Sang‐Hyun , Kim Yoon‐Keun , Hwang Daehee , Gho Yong Song 
Published: June 2011

AbstractPseudomonas aeruginosa, an opportunistic human bacterial pathogen, constitutively secretes outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) into the extracellular milieu. Although recent progress has revealed that OMVs are essential for pathogenesis of P. aeruginosa, their proteins have not been comprehensively analyzed so far. In this study, we identified 338 vesicular proteins with high confidence by five separate LC‐MS/MS analyses. This global proteome profile provides a basis for future studies to elucidate the pathological functions of OMVs from P. aeruginosa.