bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Manajemen Kesehatan Reproduksi Pada Remaja di SMP Negeri 18 Mataram
Authors: Amnan Amnan , Naelasari Dian Neni 
Published: May 2024

Salah satu ruang lingkup dalam pelayanan kesehatan reproduksi adalah kesehatan reproduksi remaja. Permasalahan seksualitas merupakan satu dari beberapa perilaku berisiko yang menjadi sorotan pada remaja. Mengingat umur ketertarikan terhadap lawan jenis biasanya dimulai dari masa SMP maka remaja perlu menambah wawasan serta informasi untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan remaja mengenai bagaimana manajemen kesehatan reproduksi. Managemen kesehatan reproduksi pada remaja dapat menjadi salah satu solusi agar para remaja dapat membentuk fondasi dan berhati-hati dalam menanggapi perilaku seksual berisiko dan permasalahan lainnya serta lebih menerapkan perilaku sehat dalam kesehariannya. Metode yang digunakan pada pengabdian kepada masyarakat yaitu metode penyuluhan dan pemberian leaflet. Kegiatan ini terdiri dari 3 tahapan (Tahap Persiapan, Pelaksanaan, dan Tahap Akhir). Hasil dari pengabdian yaitu Penyampaian materi dilakukan di Aula SMPN 18 Mataram menggunakan metode ceramah. Peserta aktif dalam diskusi dan dengan antusias yang tinggi terlihat dari banyaknya pertanyaan yang diajukan selama pelaksanaan kegiatan serta pemateri juga memberikan pertanyaan untuk peserta. Semua peserta dapat menjawab pertanyaan yang diberikan. Dari 5 peserta yang diberikan pertanyaan, 4 orang (90%) dapat menjawab dengan benar. Hal ini dikarenakan pengabdi menggunakan 2 media dalam penyamaian materi (Media Powerpoint (PPT) dan leaflet Kesehatan Reproduksi Remaja). Remaja dengan pengetahuan yang baik cenderung akan menghasilkan sikap dan tindakan yang baik pula.
Effect of Naturally Available Materials on Ripening Behaviour of Sapota Cv. Kalipatti
Authors: Harshitha Naga , Rao A. Manohar , Joshi Veena 
Published: May 2024

The present investigation entitled “Studies on the effect of naturally available materials on ripening behaviour of Sapota (Manilkara achras (Mill) Fosberg) Cv. Kalipatti.” was carried out at PG laboratory in College of Horticulture, Rajendranagar during 2016 – 2017 and 2017 - 2018. Four different treatments involving sapota leaves, Paddy straw, Paper shreds and gunny bags were used for getting uniform ripening in sapota in completely randomized design with four replications. Each treatment consisted of 20 fruits per replication. Various physical parameters like physiological loss in weight, number of days for ripening, firmness, ripening, shelf life and spoilage were recorded. Among naturally available materials for ripening of fruits, the use of gunny bags (T4) recorded minimum physiological loss in weight (13.77 %), number of days taken for ripening (5.50 days) and maximum shelf life (11.50 days). Maximum ripening percent (73.70 %) was recorded with fruits ripened in paddy straw (T2).
Anmerkungen zum Eigentumsschutz der AG und ihrer Aktionäre nach den §§ 255–255b AktG
Authors: Heidel Thomas 
Published: May 2024

Zusammenfasung
Das Zukunftsfinanzierungsgesetz bricht beim Rechtsschutz gegen wertverwässernde Kapitalerhöhungen unter Bezugsrechtsausschluss mit etablieren Traditionen. Statt Anfechtbarkeit des HVBeschlusses gibt es nun einen Barausgleichsanspruch der Altaktionäre. Der Beitrag setzt sich mit den Änderungen im Hinblick auf den Eigentumsschutz kritisch auseinander. Bei fünf zentralen Themen zeigt er, wie das neue Recht anzuwenden ist.
Novel Thiophenes, Thienopyrimidines, and Triazolothienopyrimidines for the Evaluation of Anticancer and Augmentation Effects of γ‐Radiation
Authors: Shaaban Mohamed A. , Ghorab Mostafa M. , Heiba Helmy I. , Kamel Mona M. , Zaher Nashwa H. , Mostafa Mohamed I. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractNew derivatives of thiophenes 2, 12, iminoaminothieno[2,3‐d]pyrimidines 3, 5, and 6, triazolothieno[2,3‐d]pyrimidines 8–11, pyrazolo‐ and triazinothieno[2,3‐d]pyrimidines 4, 7, respectively, have been prepared by different synthetic procedures. Structure elucidation of the newly synthesized compounds was carried out via elemental analyses and spectral data. The antitumor activity of compounds 2, 3, and 9–12 was evaluated against in‐vitro cell lines (HEPG‐2 and MCF‐7). Compounds 2, 3, 10, 11, and 12 showed significant in‐vitro cytotoxic activity against hepatocellular carcinoma (HEPG‐2) compared to the reference drug Doxorubicin. Compound 2 showed significant in‐vitro cytotoxic activity against breast cancer (MCF‐7) cells compared to the reference drug Doxorubicin. The augmenting effect of γ‐radiation was assessed; here, compounds 2, 3, 10, and 11 showed the most potent in‐vitro anticancer activity.
Synthesis and Anticonvulsant Properties of New Mannich Bases Derived from 3‐Aryl‐pyrrolidine‐2,5‐diones. Part 1
Authors: Obniska Jolanta , Kopytko Maciej , Zagórska Agnieszka , Chlebek Iwona , Kamiński Krzysztof 
Published: April 2010

AbstractA series of new Mannich bases ofN‐[(4‐arylpiperazin‐1‐yl)‐methyl]‐3‐(chlorophenyl)‐pyrrolidine‐2,5‐diones10–23have been synthesized and evaluated for their anticonvulsant activity in maximum electroshock (MES) and subcutaneous pentylenetetrazole (scPTZ) seizure threshold tests. Their neurotoxicity was determined using a rotorod screen. Several molecules showed a promising anticonvulsant profile especially in the MES‐test. In this model of seizures, the most active wereN‐[{4‐(4‐chlorophenyl)‐piperazin‐1‐yl}‐methyl]‐3‐(3‐chlorophenyl)‐pyrrolidine‐2,5‐dione16andN‐[{4‐(3‐trifluoromethylphenyl)‐piperazin‐1‐yl}‐methyl]‐3‐(3‐chlorophenyl)‐pyrrolidine‐2,5‐dione17with ED50values of 21.4 mg/kg and 28.83 mg/kg, respectively. Selected derivatives10,14, and16were tested in the psychomotor seizure 6‐Hz test from whichN‐[{4‐(2‐chlorophenyl)‐piperazin‐1‐yl}‐methyl]‐3‐(2‐chlorophenyl)‐pyrrolidine‐2,5‐dione10revealed the highest protection with an ED50of 78 mg/kg. Compounds10,12, and17were also tested in the pilocarpine‐induced status PIPS test. Furthermore,17was examined in the hippocampal kindling screen afteri. p.administration to rats.
Amino Acid Derivatives, Part 4: Synthesis and Anti‐HIV Activity of New Naphthalene Derivatives
Authors: Hamad Nawar S. , Al‐Haidery Nahed H. , Al‐Masoudi Iman A. , Sabri Mey , Sabri Luma , Al‐Masoudi Najim A. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractA new series of 2‐(naphthalen‐2‐yloxy)‐N‐[(aryl‐5‐thioxo‐4,5‐dihydro‐1H‐1,2,4‐triazol‐3‐yl)methyl] acetamides 5a–f was synthesized from naphthalene‐derived glycine derivative 2 via the hydrazinoacetamide analogs 4a–f. Alternatively, treatment of 4a with H2SO4 afforded 2‐(naphthalen‐2‐yloxy)‐N‐((5‐(phenylamino)‐1,3,4‐thiadiazol‐2‐yl)methyl) acetamide 6a. Alkylation or sulphonylation of 5a afforded the S‐alkylated derivatives 7 and 8, respectively. Interestingly, treatment of 3 with methoxide ion gave the triazine derivative 9. The synthesized compounds have been screened for their inhibitory activity against HIV‐1 and HIV‐2 in MT‐4 cells. However, 7 was found to be the potent inhibitor in vitro for the replication of HIV‐1 (EC50 = 0.20 μg/mL), suggesting a new lead in the development of an antiviral agent.
Interplay of transporters and enzymes in the Caco‐2 cell monolayer: I. effect of altered apical secretion
Authors: Fan Jianghong , Maeng Han‐Joo , Pang K. Sandy 
Published: April 2010

AbstractInteractions are expected between transporters and enzymes that compete for the substrate within the cell, and controversy exists for data interpretation on the interplay between transporters and enzymes. In the Caco‐2 cell monolayer, the increase in mean residence time (MRT) of drug accompanying increased secretion has been construed as the reason for increased metabolism, whereas others hold an opposite view that increased secretion would evoke decreased metabolism in this closed system. A catenary Caco‐2 cell model was used to simulate the effects of altered secretion on metabolism, estimated as the fraction of dose metabolized (fmet) or the extraction ratio (ER). The simulations showed that bothfmetandERvaried inversely with the transporter‐mediated intrinsic clearance for apical secretion (CLint,sec) under linear conditions. Under non‐linear conditions of saturable metabolism, apical absorption, basolateral influx or efflux, the simulatedfmetconsistently bore a reciprocal relationship withCLint,sec. For saturable apical absorption or basolateral efflux, a reciprocal relationship between theERandCLint,secwas also found. However, under conditions of saturable metabolism or basolateral influx, the pattern of change in theERbecame dependent on the administration sites, showing increasing patterns for apical dosing but decreasing patterns for basolateral dosing with increasing values ofCLint,sec. In general,fmetconsistently demonstrated an inverse relationship withCLint,sec, whereasER, failing to include the drug in the donor side, would not show the same pattern of change in metabolism especially for apical dosing, since a substantial amount of drug was back‐secreted into the apical compartment. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Contributions of human cytochrome P450 enzymes to glyburide metabolism
Authors: Zhou Lin , Naraharisetti Suresh B. , Liu Li , Wang Honggang , Lin Yvonne S. , Isoherranen Nina , Unadkat Jashvant D. , Hebert Mary F. , Mao Qingcheng 
Published: April 2010

AbstractGlyburide (GLB) is a widely used oral sulfonylurea for the treatment of gestational diabetes. The therapeutic use of GLB is often complicated by a substantial inter‐individual variability in the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of the drug in human populations, which might be caused by inter‐individual variations in factors such as GLB metabolism. Therefore, there has been a continued interest in identifying human cytochrome P450 (CYP) isoforms that play a major role in the metabolism of GLB. However, contrasting data are available in the present literature in this regard. The present study systematically investigated the contributions of various human CYP isoforms (CYP3A4, CYP3A5, CYP2C8, CYP2C9 and CYP2C19) toin vitrometabolism of GLB. GLB depletion and metabolite formation in human liver microsomes were most significantly inhibited by the CYP3A inhibitor ketoconazole compared with the inhibitors of other CYP isoforms. Furthermore, multiple correlation analysis between GLB depletion and individual CYP activities was performed, demonstrating a significant correlation between GLB depletion and the CYP3A probe activity in 16 individual human liver microsomal preparations, but not between GLB depletion and the CYP2C19, CYP2C8 or CYP2C9 probe activity. By using recombinant supersomes overexpressing individual human CYP isoforms, it was found that GLB could be depleted by all the enzymes tested; however, the intrinsic clearance (Vmax/Km) of CYP3A4 for GLB depletion was 4–17 times greater than that of other CYP isoforms. These results confirm that human CYP3A4 is the major enzyme involved in thein vitrometabolism of GLB. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Prediction of human clearance of therapeutic proteins: simple allometric scaling method revisited
Authors: Wang Weirong , Prueksaritanont Thomayant 
Published: April 2010

AbstractIn this report, the utility of a commonly used interspecies scaling method to predict the systemic clearance (CL) of therapeutic proteins in humans was evaluated. Based on analysis of a pharmacokinetic data set of 34 therapeutic proteins, including 12 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) and Fc fusion proteins, humanCLcan generally be predicted reasonably well with simple allometric scaling and a fixed exponent of 0.8:∼95% of the cases predicted values within 2‐fold of the observed values when usingCLdata from multiple species, or∼90% simply usingCLfrom monkeys. Specific to mAbs/Fc fusion proteins, scaling from monkeyCLusing a fixed exponent of 0.8 gave an excellent prediction; all predictedCLvalues were within 2‐fold of the corresponding observed values. Compared with the simple allometric scaling method that uses a fitted exponent fromCLdata of ≥3 preclinical species, the fixed exponent approach with 1–2 preclinical species is simple, resource‐saving and minimizes systematic bias. Together with its overall satisfactory prediction accuracy, especially in the absence of non‐linear pharmacokinetics and species‐specific clearance mechanisms, this fixed exponent method affords a viable alternative to other published allometric methods, including the Rule of Exponents (ROE). Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Micronuclei in the blood and bone marrow cells of mice exposed to specific complex time‐varying pulsed magnetic fields
Authors: Reddy Siddharth B. , Weller Julie , Desjardins‐Holmes Dawn , Winters Tara , Keenliside Lynn , Prato Frank S. , Prihoda Thomas J. , Vijayalaxmi  , Thomas Alex W. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractFor 8 weeks, adult CD‐1 male mice were continuously exposed to complex time‐varying pulsed magnetic fields (PMF) generated in the horizontal direction by a set of square Helmholtz coils. The PMF were <1000 Hz and delivered at a peak flux density of 1 mT. Sham‐exposed mice were kept in a similar exposure system without a PMF. Positive control animals exposed to 1 Gy gamma radiation were also included in the study. Blood samples were collected before (time 0) and at 2, 4, 6, and 8 weeks. All mice were euthanized at the end of 8 weeks and their bone marrow was collected. From each blood and bone marrow sample, smears were prepared on microscope slides, fixed in absolute methanol, air‐dried, and stained with acridine orange. All slides were coded and examined using a fluorescence microscope. The extent of genotoxicity and cytotoxicity was assessed from the incidence of micronuclei (MN) and percent polychromatic erythrocytes (PCE) in the blood and bone marrow, respectively. The data indicated that both indices in PMF‐exposed mice were not significantly different from those observed in sham‐exposed animals. In contrast, positive control mice exhibited significantly increased MN, and decreased percentages of PCE in both tissues. Thus, the overall data suggested that 8 weeks of continuous exposure to PMF did not induce significantly increased genotoxicity and cytotoxicity in experimental mice. Further investigations are underway using other genotoxicity assays (comet assay, γ‐H2AX foci, and chromosomal aberrations) to assess genotoxicity following PMF exposure. Bioelectromagnetics 31:445–453, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Process optimization of the integrated synthesis and secretion of ectoine and hydroxyectoine under hyper/hypo‐osmotic stress
Authors: Fallet C. , Rohe P. , Franco‐Lara E. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractThe synthesis and secretion of the industrial relevant compatible solutes ectoine and hydroxyectoine using the halophile bacterium Chromohalobacter salexigens were studied and optimized. For this purpose, a cascade of two continuously operated bioreactors was used. In the first bioreactor, cells were grown under constant hyperosmotic conditions and thermal stress driving the cells to accumulate large amounts of ectoines. To enhance the overall productivity, high cell densities up to 61 g L−1 were achieved using a cross‐flow ultrafiltration connected to the first bioreactor. In the coupled second bioreactor the concentrated cell broth was subjected to an osmotic and thermal down‐shock by addition of fresh distilled water. Under these conditions, the cells are forced to secrete the accumulated intracellular ectoines into the medium to avoid bursting. The cultivation conditions in the first bioreactor were optimized with respect to growth temperature and medium salinity to reach the highest synthesis (productivity); the second bioreactor was optimized using a multi‐objective approach to attain maximal ectoine secretion with simultaneous minimization of cell death and product dilution caused by the osmotic and thermal down‐shock. Depending on the cultivation conditions, intracellular ectoine and hydroxyectoine contents up to 540 and 400 mg per g cell dry weight, respectively, were attained. With a maximum specific growth rate of 0.3 h−1 in defined medium, productivities of approximately 2.1 g L−1 h−1 secreted ectoines in continuous operation were reached. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2010;107: 124–133. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Highly efficient deletion of FUT8 in CHO cell lines using zinc‐finger nucleases yields cells that produce completely nonfucosylated antibodies
Authors: Malphettes Laetitia , Freyvert Yevgeniy , Chang Jennifer , Liu Pei‐Qi , Chan Edmond , Miller Jeffrey C. , Zhou Zhe , Nguyen Thu , Tsai Christina , Snowden Andrew W. , Collingwood Trevor N. , Gregory Philip D. , Cost Gregory J. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractIgG1 antibodies produced in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells are heavily α1,6‐fucosylated, a modification that reduces antibody‐dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) and can inhibit therapeutic antibody function in vivo. Addition of fucose is catalyzed by Fut8, a α1,6‐fucosyltransferase. FUT8−/− CHO cell lines produce completely nonfucosylated antibodies, but the difficulty of recapitulating the knockout in protein‐production cell lines has prevented the widespread adoption of FUT8−/− cells as hosts for antibody production. We have created zinc‐finger nucleases (ZFNs) that cleave the FUT8 gene in a region encoding the catalytic core of the enzyme, allowing the functional disruption of FUT8 in any CHO cell line. These reagents produce FUT8−/− CHO cells in 3 weeks at a frequency of 5% in the absence of any selection. Alternately, populations of ZFN‐treated cells can be directly selected to give FUT8−/− cell pools in as few as 3 days. To demonstrate the utility of this method in bioprocess, FUT8 was disrupted in a CHO cell line used for stable protein production. ZFN‐derived FUT8−/− cell lines were as transfectable as wild‐type, had similar or better growth profiles, and produced equivalent amounts of antibody during transient transfection. Antibodies made in these lines completely lacked core fucosylation but had an otherwise normal glycosylation pattern. Cell lines stably expressing a model antibody were made from wild‐type and ZFN‐generated FUT8−/− cells. Clones from both lines had equivalent titer, specific productivity distributions, and integrated viable cell counts. Antibody titer in the best ZFN‐generated FUT8−/− cell lines was fourfold higher than in the best‐producing clones of FUT8−/− cells made by standard homologous recombination in a different CHO subtype. These data demonstrate the straightforward, ZFN‐mediated transfer of the Fut8− phenotype to a production CHO cell line without adverse phenotypic effects. This process will speed the production of highly active, completely nonfucosylated therapeutic antibodies. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2010;106: 774–783. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Production of cell culture (MDCK) derived live attenuated influenza vaccine (LAIV) in a fully disposable platform process
Authors: George Meena , Farooq Masiha , Dang Thi , Cortes Bernadette , Liu Jonathan , Maranga Luis 
Published: April 2010

AbstractThe majority of influenza vaccines are manufactured using embryonated hens' eggs. The potential occurrence of a pandemic outbreak of avian influenza might reduce or even eliminate the supply of eggs, leaving the human population at risk. Also, the egg‐based production technology is intrinsically cumbersome and not easily scalable to provide a rapid worldwide supply of vaccine. In this communication, the production of a cell culture (Madin‐Darby canine kidney (MDCK)) derived live attenuated influenza vaccine (LAIV) in a fully disposable platform process using a novel Single Use Bioreactor (SUB) is presented. The cell culture and virus infection was maintained in a disposable stirred tank reactor with PID control of pH, DO, agitation, and temperature, similar to traditional glass or stainless steel bioreactors. The application of this technology was tested using MDCK cells grown on microcarriers in proprietary serum free medium and infection with 2006/2007 seasonal LAIV strains at 25–30 L scale. The MDCK cell growth was optimal at the agitation rate of 100 rpm. Optimization of this parameter allowed the cells to grow at a rate similar to that achieved in the conventional 3 L glass stirred tank bioreactors. Influenza vaccine virus strains, A/New Caledonia/20/99 (H1N1 strain), A/Wisconsin/67/05 (H3N2 strain), and B/Malaysia/2506/04 (B strain) were all successfully produced in SUB with peak virus titers ≥8.6 log10 FFU/mL. This result demonstrated that more than 1 million doses of vaccine can be produced through one single run of a small bioreactor at the scale of 30 L and thus provided an alternative to the current vaccine production platform with fast turn‐around and low upfront facility investment, features that are particularly useful for emerging and developing countries and clinical trial material production. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2010;106: 906–917. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Support Effects in the Gold‐Catalyzed Preferential Oxidation of CO
Authors: Ivanova Svetlana , Pitchon Véronique , Petit Corinne , Caps Valérie 
Published: April 2010

AbstractThe study of support effects on the gold‐catalyzed preferential oxidation of carbon monoxide in the presence of hydrogen (PROX reaction) is possible only with careful control of the gold particle size, which is facilitated by the application of the direct anionic exchange method. Catalytic evaluation of thermally stable gold nanoparticles, with an average size of around 3 nm on a variety of supports (alumina, titania, zirconia, or ceria), clearly shows that the influence of the support on the CO oxidation rate is of primary importance under CO+O2 conditions and that this influence becomes secondary in the presence of hydrogen. The impact of the support surface structure on the oxidation rates, catalyst selectivity, and catalyst activation/deactivation is investigated in terms of oxygen vacancies, oxygen mobility, OH groups, and surface area on the oxidation rates, catalyst selectivity and catalyst activation/deactivation. It allows the identification of key morphological and structural features of the support to ensure high activity and selectivity in the gold‐catalyzed PROX reaction.
Artificial Metalloenzymes
Authors: Rosati Fiora , Roelfes Gerard 
Published: April 2010

AbstractArtificial metalloenzymes have emerged as a promising approach to merge the attractive properties of homogeneous catalysis and biocatalysis. The activity and selectivity, including enantioselectivity, of natural metalloenzymes are due to the second coordination sphere interactions provided by the protein. Artificial metalloenzymes aim at harnessing second coordination sphere interactions to create transition metal complexes that display enzyme‐like activities and selectivities. In this Review, the various approaches that can be followed for the design and optimization of an artificial metalloenzyme are discussed. An overview of the synthetic transformations that have been achieved using artificial metalloenzymes is provided, with a particular focus on recent developments. Finally, the role that the second coordination sphere plays in artificial metalloenzymes and their potential for synthetic applications are evaluated.