bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment of the sequential change of the masseter muscle by clenching: A quantitative analysis of T1, T2, and the signal intensity of the balanced steady-state free precession
Authors: Chikui Toru , Shiraishi Tomoko , Tokumori Kenji , Inatomi Daisuke , Hatakenaka Masamitsu , Yuasa Kenji , Yoshiura Kazunori 
Published: June 2010

Background: The persistent muscle contractions during clenching are thought to cause some temporomandibular disorders. However, no report has so far evaluated the effect of clenching on the masticatory muscles by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Purpose: To investigate the effect of clenching with maximum voluntary contraction on the T1, T2, and signal intensity (SI) of the balanced fast field-echo (b FFE) of the masseter muscle. Material and Methods: A total of 11 volunteers participated. Multi-echo spin-echo echo-planar imaging was used for T2 measurements, and multi-shot Look-Locker sequence for T1 measurements. The Look-Locker sequence has been used for fast T1 mapping and this method has been applied for the imaging of various tissues. In addition, the b FFE was used due to the high temporal resolution. These three sequences lasted for 10 min and the participants were instructed to clench from 60 s to 80 s after the start of the data acquisition. T2, T1, and SI were normalized compared to pre-clenching values. Results: T2 decreased by clenching, which reflected a decrease of tissue perfusion due to the mechanical pressure. It increased rapidly after the clenching (peak value, 1.11±0.03; peak time, 16.8±7.6 s after the clenching), which corresponded to the reactive hyperemia and later, it gradually returned to the initial values (half period, 2.22±0.84 min). The change in the SI of the b FFE was triphasic and similar to that of T2 clenching. T1 increased after the cessation of the clenching and later gradually decreased during the recovery periods. However, the change of T1 was quite different from that of T2, with a lower peak value (1.04±0.02), a later peak time (36.0±28.0 s), and a longer half period (4.76±3.40 min) ( P<0.0001, 0.0066, 0.02, respectively). Conclusion: The change in T2 was triphasic and we considered that it predominantly reflected the tissue perfusion.
Prognostic value of pretreatment dynamic contrast-enhanced MR imaging in breast cancer patients receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy: Overall survival predicted from combined time course and volume analysis
Authors: Heldahl Mariann G. , Bathen Tone F. , Rydland Jana , Kvistad Kjell A. , Lundgren Steinar , Gribbestad Ingrid S. , Goa Pål E. 
Published: June 2010

Background: The prognostic value of dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) in breast cancer has been explored, and the results are promising. Purpose: To investigate the possible correlation between pretreatment DCE-MRI and overall survival 5 years after diagnosis in breast cancer patients receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) using combined time course analysis and volume measurement from DCE-MRI data acquired with 1 min temporal resolution. Material and Methods: Pretreatment DCE-MR images of 32 female patients were examined. The total enhancing volume was calculated by including the voxels with >60% signal enhancing 1 min postcontrast. The signal intensity time course data were automatically classified on a voxel-by-voxel basis according to the enhancing characteristics: persistent (type I), plateau (type II) or washout (type III), and the resulting volumes of each enhancement type were calculated. Results: A significant correlation between total enhancing volume and 5-year survival was found, P=0.05 (log-rank). The survival was 51 ±15 months (mean ±95% confidence intervals (CI)) and 73±12 months in patients with a total enhancing volume >41 cm3 and ≤41 cm3, respectively. A two-dimensional discriminator, taking both total enhancing volume and type III enhancing volume into account, improved the prediction of survival, resulting in a P value (log-rank) between survivors and non-survivors of <0.001. The survival was 44±16 months (mean ±95% CI) and 74±11 months in patients with a total enhancing volume >58 cm3 and/or a type III volume >8 cm3, and ≤58 cm3 and ≤8 cm3, respectively. Conclusion: Pretreatment DCE-MRI might help in predicting prognosis in breast cancer patients receiving NAC.
Peanut Yield Response to Conservation Tillage, Winter Cover Crop, Peanut Cultivar, and Fungicide Applications1
Authors: Sorensen Ronald B. , Brenneman Timothy B. , Lamb Marshall C. 
Published: June 2010

Abstract
Strip tillage with various crop covers in peanut (Arachis hypogaea, L.) production has not shown a clear yield advantage over conventional tillage, but has been found to reduce yield losses from some diseases. This study was conducted to determine pod yield and disease incidence between two tillage practices, five winter cover crops, three peanut cultivars, and three fungicide programs. Conventional and strip tillage treatments were implemented on a Greenville sandy loam (fine, kaolinitic, thermic Rhodic Kandiudults) near Shellman, GA. Five winter cereal grain cover crops (strip tillage) and a no-cover crop treatment were sprayed at recommended (1R), half recommended (0.5R) or untreated (0R) fungicide programs. Within peanut cultivars, leaf spot (Cercospora arachidicola Hori) intensity decreased as the number of fungicide applications increased; however, stem rot (Sclerotium rolfsii) incidence was the same for the 1R and 0.5R fungicide programs but increased 0R program. Conventional tilled peanuts developed more leaf spot compared with strip tillage. There was no difference in leaf spot ratings among winter crop covers. There was no difference in stem rot incidence with tillage or winter cover crop. There was no yield difference with peanut cultivar. Pod yield was the same for the 1R and 0.5R fungicide program (3867 kg/ha) but decreased at the 0R fungicide program (2740 kg/ha). Pod yield was greater with conventional tillage and strip tillage with black oats (Avena sativa L.) (3706 kg/ha) compared with strip tillage of other winter crop cover treatments (3358 kg/ha). Conventional tillage had more leaf spot, equal incidence of stem rot, and higher yield compared with strip tillage. The 0.5R fungicide program had the same yield compared with the 1R fungicide program implying a possible 50% savings on fungicide applications on well rotated fields with lower disease risk.
Peanut Response to Carfentrazone-ethyl and Pyraflufen-ethyl Applied Postemergence1
Authors: Dotray P. A. , Baughman T. A. , Grichar W. J. 
Published: June 2010

Abstract
Field experiments were conducted at six locations in Texas in 2004 and 2005 to evaluate peanut tolerance to carfentrazone-ethyl and pyraflufen-ethyl. Carfentrazone-ethyl at 27 and 36 g ai/ha or pyraflufen-ethyl at 2.6 and 3.5 g ai/ha were applied early postemergence (EP) 28 to 51 days after planting (DAP) or late postemergence (LP) 93 to 121 DAP in weed-free plots. In the Texas High Plains, carfentrazone-ethyl and pyraflufen-ethyl applied EP resulted in 62 and 48% visual injury, respectively, when rated 14 days after treatment (DAT). With the exception of the low rate of carfentrazone-ethyl at one location, this injury was greater than the injury caused by paraquat at 210 g ai/ha plus bentazon at 280 g ai/ha. All injury declined over time, but was still apparent at harvest (up to 3%). Peanut injury from applications made late postemergence did not exceed 16%. In the Rolling Plains, peanut injury did not exceed 12% at Lockett and 25% at Rochester regardless of herbicide, rate, or timing. In south Texas, peanut injury ranged from 14 to 19% and 6 to 8% following EP and LP applications, respectively. At this location, carfentrazone-ethyl and pyraflufen-ethyl at the low rate caused less injury than paraquat plus bentazon when applied EP. Peanut yield was reduced by herbicide treatment at two of six locations. Greatest yield losses were observed at Lamesa in 2004, where all carfentrazone-ethyl treatments, except the lowest rate applied LP, and all pyraflufen-ethyl treatments caused a yield reduction when compared to the non-treated control. No reduction in grade from the non-treated control was observed at the five locations where grade analysis was performed.
Effect of Imazapic and 2,4-DB on Peanut Yield, Grade, and Seed Germination
Authors: Faircloth W. H. , Prostko E. P. 
Published: June 2010

Abstract
Recurrent problems with peanut seed germination and stand establishment have raised concerns about the potential effects of herbicides on peanut seed quality. Field trials were conducted in south Georgia in 2005 and 2006 to evaluate the effects of imazapic and 2,4-DB on peanut yield, grade, incidence of tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV), and seed germination. Imazapic at 71 g ai ha−1, applied at 30 and 40 days after planting (DAP), and 2,4-DB at 270 g ai ha−1, applied at 75 or 90 DAP, had no effect on peanut yield, grade, incidence of TSWV, and seed germination when averaged over two locations (Dawson and Tifton) and three cultivars (Georgia Green, Georgia-01R, and C-99R). Normal cultivar yield variations were observed; however, Georgia-01R had reduced standard (25 C) and cold (15 C) germination when compared to the other cultivars.
Natural hybridization in tropical spikerushes ofEleocharissubgenusLimnochloa(Cyperaceae): Evidence from morphology and DNA markers
Authors: Košnar Jan , Košnar Jiří , Herbstová Miroslava , Macek Petr , Rejmánková Eliška , Štech Milan 
Published: June 2010

•Premise of the study:Natural hybridization represents an important force driving plant evolution and affecting community structure and functioning. Hybridization may be overlooked, however, among morphologically highly uniform congeners. An excellent example of such a group isEleocharissubgenusLimnochloa, which has no reliably proven hybrids. Does this reflect biological barriers to interspecific crosses or difficulties in detecting the hybrids? We tested the hypothesis that hybridization occurs among sympatricEleocharis cellulosa,E. interstincta, andE. mutatain northern Belize, Central America.•Methods:Morphometric study (407 plants) was followed by examination of inter‐simple sequence repeat (ISSR) polymorphisms (44 plants) and ITS sequence variation (33 plants).•Key results:Two putatively hybrid morphotypes were discerned—E. cellulosa‐resembling andE. interstincta‐resembling. DNA markers ofE. cellulosaandE. interstinctadisplayed additive constitution in plants from oneE. cellulosa‐resembling population only. The other putatively hybrid populations contained ISSR and ITS markers of the species they resembled morphologically, several unique ISSR markers, and ITS sequences of an undescribed South AmericanLimnochloaentity. DNA markers ofE. mutatawere absent in the putative hybrids.•Conclusions:Simultaneous use of various types of molecular markers can overcome many pitfalls of investigations concerning hybridization among closely related and morphologically similar species. Northern Belize represents a hybrid zone ofE. cellulosaandE. interstincta. A third participant in the hybridization events occurring in this zone is an unknownLimnochloalineage but is notE. mutata. Interspecific hybridization may play a significant role in the diversification ofEleocharis.
Darbepoetin alfa 300 or 500 μg once every 3 weeks with or without intravenous Iron in patients with chemotherapy‐induced anemia
Authors: Auerbach Michael , Silberstein Peter T. , Webb R. Timothy , Averyanova Svetlana , Ciuleanu Tudor‐Eliade , Shao James , Bridges Kenneth 
Published: June 2010

AbstractThis study evaluated efficacy and safety of darbepoetin alfa administered every 3 weeks (Q3W) at fixed doses of 300 or 500 μg with or without intravenous (IV) iron in treating anemia in patients receiving multicycle chemotherapy. This Phase 2, double‐blind, 2 × 2 factorial study randomized patients to one of four treatment arms; darbepoetin alfa 300 μg (n = 62), darbepoetin alfa 300 μg plus IV iron (n = 60), darbepoetin alfa 500 μg (n = 60), or darbepoetin alfa 500 μg plus IV iron (n = 60). Patients had nonmyeloid malignancies, hemoglobin levels ≤10 g dL−1, and no iron deficiency. Primary endpoint was achievement of target hemoglobin (≥11 g dL−1). Secondary endpoints included incidence of transfusions and change in Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy Fatigue (FACT‐F) score from baseline to end of study. Safety was evaluated by incidence of adverse events. No evidence of a statistically significant interaction between darbepoetin alfa dose received and IV iron usage was observed, therefore, results are provided separately comparing darbepoetin alfa doses and comparing IV iron usage groups. Similar proportions of patients receiving darbepoetin alfa 300 or 500 μg achieved target hemoglobin (75 and 78%, respectively); Kaplan–Meier median time to target hemoglobin was 10 and 8 weeks, respectively. More patients receiving IV iron (82%) than not receiving IV iron (72%) achieved hemoglobin target. Adverse events profiles were similar for darbepoetin alfa treatment groups. Transient anaphylactoid reactions were reported in two patients receiving IV iron. Darbepoetin alfa at 300 μg Q3W and 500 μg Q3W showed similar benefit, while added IV iron improved treatment response in these patients. Am. J. Hematol., 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Liposomes in chromatography
Authors: Cserháti T. , Szögyi M. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractThe newest achievements in the application of liposomes in different chromatographic technologies such as high‐performance liquid chromatography and electrically driven separation methods was compiled and critically evaluated. The employment of chromatographic methodologies for the determination of molecular parameters of biological importance is also discussed in detail. The future trends of the use of liposomes is also shortly discussed. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Determination of volatile organic compounds in human breath for Helicobacter pylori detection by SPME‐GC/MS
Authors: Ulanowska Agnieszka , Kowalkowski Tomasz , Hrynkiewicz Katarzyna , Jackowski Marek , Buszewski Bogusław 
Published: June 2010

AbstractHelicobacter pylori living in the human stomach release volatile organic compounds (VOCs) that can be detected in expired air. The aim of the study was the application of breath analysis for bacteria detection. It was accomplished by determination of VOCs characteristic for patients with H. pylori and the analysis of gases released by bacteria in suspension. Solid‐phase microextraction was applied as a selective technique for preconcentration and isolation of analytes. Gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry was used for the separation and identification of volatile analytes in breath samples and bacterial headspace. For data calculation and processing, discriminant and factor analyses were used. Endogenous substances such as isobutane, 2‐butanone and ethyl acetate were detected in the breath of persons with H. pylori in the stomach and in the gaseous mixture released by the bacteria strain but they were not identified in the breath of healthy volunteers. The canonical analysis of discrimination functions showed a strong difference between the three examined groups. Knowledge of substances emitted by H. pylori with the application of an optimized breath analysis method might become a very useful tool for noninvasive detection of this bacterium. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Development and validation of a HPLC‐MS/MS method for the determination of venlafaxine enantiomers and application to a pharmacokinetic study in healthy Chinese volunteers
Authors: Liu Wen , Dai Ying‐Chun , Deng Nang , Liu Xiang‐Rong , Yi Luo  
Published: June 2010

AbstractAn HPLC‐MS/MS method has been developed and validated for the determination of venlafaxine enantiomers in human plasma and applied to a pharmacokinetic study in healthy Chinese volunteers. The method was carried out on a vancomycin chiral column (5 µm, 250 × 4.6 mm) maintained at 25°C. The mobile phase was methanol–water containing 30 mmol/L ammonium acetate, pH 3.3 adjusted with aqueous ammonia (8:92, v/v) at the flow rate 1.0 mL/min. A tandem mass spectrometer with an electrospray interface was operated in the multiple reaction monitoring mode to detect the selected ions pair at m/z 278.0 → 120.8 for venlafaxine enantiomers and m/z 294.8 → 266.7 for estazolanm (internal standard). The method was linear in the concentration range of 0.28–423.0 ng/mL. The lower limit of quantification was 0.28 ng/mL. The intra‐and inter‐day relative standard deviations were less than 9.7%. The method was successfully applied for the evaluation of pharmacokinetic profiles of venlafaxine enantiomers in 18 healthy volnteers. Validation parameters such as the specificity, linearity, precision, accuracy and stability were evaluated, giving results within the acceptable range. Pharmacokinetic parameters of the venlafaxine enantiomers were measured in the 18 healthy Chinese volunteers who received a single regimen with venlafaxine hydrochloride capsules. The results show that AUC(0–∞), Cmax and t1/2 between S‐venlafaxine and R‐venlafaxine are significantly different (p < 0.05). Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
High‐performance affinity purification for identification of 15‐deoxy‐Δ12,14‐PGJ2interacting factors using magnetic nanobeads
Authors: Maekawa Naoya , Hiramoto Masaki , Sakamoto Satoshi , Azuma Motoki , Ito Takumi , Ikeda Marie , Naitou Michitaka , Acharya Hukum P. , Kobayashi Yuichi , Suematsu Makoto , Handa Hiroshi , Imai Takeshi 
Published: June 2010

AbstractProstaglandin J2(PGJ2) family have been reported to show various kinds of biological activities. Considerable progress has been made toward understanding the mechanism of adipogenesis, however, the mechanisms of other actions of PGJ2family remain controversial. The 15‐deoxy‐Δ12,14‐PGJ2(15d‐PGJ2) is one of the members of PGJ2family, and is known as a ligand for peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptorγ(PPARγ), which promotes the expression of the crucial genes for adipogenesis. In this study, we found that 15d‐PGJ2did not stimulate PPARγ‐mediated gene expression in HEK293 cells whereas 15d‐PGJ2transactivated PPARγ‐dependent transcription in other cell lines. Moreover, we confirmed that 15d‐PGJ2suppressed the growth of HEK293 cells. These observations suggest that 15d‐PGJ2shows another biological activity e.g. growth inhibition in HEK293 cells via unknown receptor for 15d‐PGJ2.The aim of this study is to develop and validate effective purification system for PGJ2interacting factors (PGJIFs). We have recently developed high performance magnetic nanobeads. In this study, we have newly developed 15d‐PGJ2‐immobilized beads by conjugating 15d‐PGJ2to the surface of these nanobeads. Firstly, we showed that PPARγspecifically bound to 15d‐PGJ2‐immobilized beads. Secondly, we newly identified voltage dependent anionic channel 1 (VDAC1) as new PGJIF from crude extracts of HEK293 cells using this affinity purification system. These data presented here demonstrate that 15d‐PGJ2‐immobilized beads are effective tool for purification of PGJIFs directly from crude cell extracts. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Divergent beam hard X‐ray diffraction used for the simultaneous imaging of radiographic and crystallographic information
Authors: Bauch J. , Böhling M. , Ullrich H.‐J. , Wünsche D. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractA transmission method and experimental set‐up were developed for the nondestructive characterisation of the quality of bulk single crystals/ large coarsely crystalline polycrystals or components. The method works by combination of X‐ray projection microscopy (X‐ray shadow microscopy) with bremsstrahlung interferences from divergent beam hard X‐rays, in order to form simultaneously enlarged radiographic images and crystallographic information in one measurement. The method and equipment are patent registered. In the paper some of the first results are presented. (© 2010 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Beaver dams, hydrological thresholds, and controlled floods as a management tool in a desert riverine ecosystem, Bill Williams River, Arizona
Authors: Andersen Douglas C. , Shafroth Patrick B. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractBeaver convert lotic stream habitat to lentic through dam construction, and the process is reversed when a flood or other event causes dam failure. We investigated both processes on a regulated Sonoran Desert stream, using the criterion that average current velocity is < 0·2 m s−1 in a lentic reach. We estimated temporal change in the lotic:lentic stream length ratio by relating beaver pond length (determined by the upstream lentic–lotic boundary position) to dam size, and coupling that to the dam‐size frequency distribution and repeated censuses of dams along the 58‐km river. The ratio fell from 19:1 when no beaver dams were present to < 3:1 after 7 years of flows favourable for beaver. We investigated the dam failure–flood intensity relationship in three independent trials (experimental floods) featuring peak discharge ranging from 37 to 65 m3 s−1. Major damage (breach ≥ 3‐m wide) occurred at ≥ 20% of monitored dams (n = 7–86) and a similar or higher proportion was moderately damaged. We detected neither a relationship between dam size and damage level nor a flood discharge threshold for initiating major damage. Dam constituent materials appeared to control the probability of major damage at low (attenuated) flood magnitude. We conclude that environmental flows prescribed to sustain desert riparian forest will also reduce beaver‐created lentic habitat in a non‐linear manner determined by both beaver dam and flood attributes. Consideration of both desirable and undesirable consequences of ecological engineering by beaver is important when optimizing environmental flows to meet ecological and socioeconomic goals. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.