bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
c-Myb Promotes the Survival of CD4+CD8+ Double-Positive Thymocytes through Upregulation of Bcl-xL
Authors: Yuan Joan , Crittenden Rowena B. , Bender Timothy P. 
Published: February 2010

Abstract
Mechanisms that regulate the lifespan of CD4+CD8+ double-positive (DP) thymocytes help shape the peripheral T cell repertoire. However, the molecular mechanisms controlling DP thymocyte survival remain poorly understood. The Myb proto-oncogene encodes a transcription factor required during multiple stages of T cell development. We demonstrate that Myb mRNA expression is upregulated as thymocytes differentiate from the double-negative into the metabolically quiescent, small, preselection DP stage during T cell development. Using a conditional deletion mouse model, we demonstrate that Myb-deficient DP thymocytes undergo premature apoptosis, resulting in a limited Tcrα repertoire biased toward 5′ Jα segment usage. Premature apoptosis occurs specifically in the small preselection DP compartment in an αβTCR-independent manner and is a consequence of decreased Bcl-xL expression. Forced Bcl-xL expression is able to rescue survival, and reintroduction of c-Myb restores both Bcl-xL expression and the small preselection DP compartment. We further demonstrate that c-Myb promotes transcription at the Bcl2l1 locus via a genetic pathway that is independent of the expression of T cell-specific factor-1 or RORγt, two transcription factors that induce Bcl-xL expression in T cell development. Thus, Bcl-xL is a novel mediator of c-Myb activity during normal T cell development.
Periprosthetic Joint Infection in Patients With Arthroplasty Undergoing Perioperative Colonoscopy
Authors: Anderson Ashley B. , Slaven Sean E. , Watson Nora L. , Cody John P. , McGill Robert J. , Potter Benjamin K. , Nealeigh Matthew D. 
Published: May 2024

ImportancePeriprosthetic joint infection (PJI) is a rare but devastating complication. Most patients undergoing total joint arthroplasty (TJA) also need routine screening colonoscopy, in which transient bacteremia may be a potential source for hematogenous PJI. Patients and surgeons must decide on an optimal time span or sequence for these 2 generally elective procedures, but no such guidelines currently exist.ObjectiveTo evaluate associations of colonoscopy with the risk of post-TJA PJI for the development of clinical practice recommendations for colonoscopy screening in patients undergoing TJA.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis retrospective cohort study of Military Health System (MHS) beneficiaries older than 45 years who underwent TJA from January 1, 2010, to December 31, 2016, used propensity score matching and logistic regression to evaluate associations of colonoscopy with PJI risk. Statistical analyses were conducted between January and October 2023.ExposureColonoscopy status was defined by Current Procedural Terminology code for diagnostic colonoscopy within 6 months before or 6 months after TJA.Main Outcomes and MeasuresPeriprosthetic joint infection status was defined by a PJI International Classification of Diseases code within 1 year after TJA and within 1 year from the post-TJA index colonoscopy date.ResultsAnalyses included 243 671 patients (mean [SD] age, 70.4 [10.0] years; 144 083 [59.1%] female) who underwent TJA in the MHS from 2010 to 2016. In the preoperative colonoscopy cohort, 325 patients (2.8%) had PJI within 1 year postoperatively. In the postoperative colonoscopy cohort, 138 patients (1.8%) had PJI within 1 year from the index colonoscopy date. In separate analyses of colonoscopy status within 6 months before and 6 months after TJA, younger age, male sex, and several chronic health conditions (diabetes, kidney disease, and pulmonary disease) were each associated with higher PJI risk. However, no association was found with PJI risk for perioperative colonoscopy preoperatively (adjusted odds ratio, 1.10; 95% CI, 0.98-1.23) or postoperatively (adjusted odds ratio, 0.90; 95% CI, 0.74-1.08).Conclusions and RelevanceIn this large retrospective cohort of patients undergoing TJA, perioperative screening colonoscopy was not associated with PJI and should not be delayed for periprocedural risk. However, health conditions were independently associated with PJI and should be medically optimized.
Risk of Adverse Neonatal Outcomes After Combined Prenatal Cannabis and Nicotine Exposure
Authors: Crosland B. Adam , Garg Bharti , Bandoli Gretchen E. , Mandelbaum Ava D. , Hayer Sarena , Ryan Kimberly S. , Shorey-Kendrick Lyndsey E. , McEvoy Cindy T. , Spindel Eliot R. , Caughey Aaron B. , Lo Jamie O. 
Published: May 2024

ImportanceThe prevalence of cannabis use in pregnancy is rising and is associated with adverse perinatal outcomes. In parallel, combined prenatal use of cannabis and nicotine is also increasing, but little is known about the combined impact of both substances on pregnancy and offspring outcomes compared with each substance alone.ObjectiveTo assess the perinatal outcomes associated with combined cannabis and nicotine exposure compared with each substance alone during pregnancy.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis retrospective population-based cohort study included linked hospital discharge data (obtained from the California Department of Health Care Access and Information) and vital statistics (obtained from the California Department of Public Health) from January 1, 2012, through December 31, 2019. Pregnant individuals with singleton gestations and gestational ages of 23 to 42 weeks were included. Data were analyzed from October 14, 2023, to March 4, 2024.ExposuresCannabis-related diagnosis and prenatal nicotine product use were captured using codes from International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification, and International Statistical Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision, Clinical Modification.Main Outcome and MeasuresThe main outcomes were infant and neonatal death, infants small for gestational age, and preterm delivery. Results were analyzed by multivariable Poisson regression models.ResultsA total of 3 129 259 pregnant individuals were included (mean [SD] maternal age 29.3 [6.0] years), of whom 23 007 (0.7%) had a cannabis-related diagnosis, 56 811 (1.8%) had a nicotine-use diagnosis, and 10 312 (0.3%) had both in pregnancy. Compared with nonusers, those with cannabis or nicotine use diagnoses alone had increased rates of infant (0.7% for both) and neonatal (0.3% for both) death, small for gestational age (14.3% and 13.7%, respectively), and preterm delivery (&amp;lt;37 weeks) (12.2% and 12.0%, respectively). Moreover, risks in those with both cannabis and nicotine use were higher for infant death (1.2%; adjusted risk ratio [ARR], 2.18 [95% CI, 1.82-2.62]), neonatal death (0.6%; ARR, 1.76 [95% CI, 1.36-2.28]), small for gestational age (18.0%; ARR, 1.94 [95% CI, 1.86-2.02]), and preterm delivery (17.5%; ARR, 1.83 [95% CI, 1.75-1.91]).Conclusions and RelevanceThese findings suggest that co-occurring maternal use of cannabis and nicotine products in pregnancy is associated with an increased risk of infant and neonatal death and maternal and neonatal morbidity compared with use of either substance alone. Given the increasing prevalence of combined cannabis and nicotine use in pregnancy, these findings can help guide health care practitioners with preconception and prenatal counseling, especially regarding the benefits of cessation.
Longitudinal study of immunity toSARS‐CoV2in ocrelizumab‐treatedMSpatients up to 2 years afterCOVID‐19 vaccination
Authors: Kister Ilya , Curtin Ryan , Piquet Amanda L. , Borko Tyler , Pei Jinglan , Banbury Barbara L , Bacon Tamar E. , Kim Angie , Tuen Michael , Velmurugu Yogambigai , Nyovanie Samantha , Selva Sean , Samanovic Marie I. , Mulligan Mark J. , Patskovsky Yury , Priest Jessica , Cabatingan Mark , Winger Ryan C. , Krogsgaard Michelle , Silverman Gregg J. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractObjectives(1) To plot the trajectory of humoral and cellular immune responses to the primary (two‐dose) COVID‐19 mRNA series and the third/booster dose in B‐cell‐depleted multiple sclerosis (MS) patients up to 2 years post‐vaccination; (2) to identify predictors of immune responses to vaccination; and (3) to assess the impact of intercurrent COVID‐19 infections on SARS CoV‐2‐specific immunity.MethodsSixty ocrelizumab‐treated MS patients were enrolled from NYU (New York) and University of Colorado (Anschutz) MS Centers. Samples were collected pre‐vaccination, and then 4, 12, 24, and 48 weeks post‐primary series, and 4, 12, 24, and 48 weeks post‐booster. Binding anti‐Spike antibody responses were assessed with multiplex bead‐based immunoassay (MBI) and electrochemiluminescence (Elecsys®, Roche Diagnostics), and neutralizing antibody responses with live‐virus immunofluorescence‐based microneutralization assay. Spike‐specific cellular responses were assessed with IFNγ/IL‐2 ELISpot (Invitrogen) and, in a subset, by sequencing complementarity determining regions (CDR)‐3 within T‐cell receptors (Adaptive Biotechnologies). A linear mixed‐effect model was used to compare antibody and cytokine levels across time points. Multivariate analyses identified predictors of immune responses.ResultsThe primary vaccination induced an 11‐ to 208‐fold increase in binding and neutralizing antibody levels and a 3‐ to 4‐fold increase in IFNγ/IL‐2 responses, followed by a modest decline in antibody but not cytokine responses. Booster dose induced a further 3‐ to 5‐fold increase in binding antibodies and 4‐ to 5‐fold increase in IFNγ/IL‐2, which were maintained for up to 1 year. Infections had a variable impact on immunity.InterpretationHumoral and cellular benefits of COVID‐19 vaccination in B‐cell‐depleted MS patients were sustained for up to 2 years when booster doses were administered.
Double misinformation and eyewitness performance: An experimental replication
Authors: Smołka Ewa , Blank Hartmut 
Published: May 2024

AbstractEyewitnesses may be exposed to multiple pieces of misinformation concerning the same original detail. The two misleading details contradicting each other enable detecting a discrepancy between them, which, given that only one of them can be true, should reduce credibility of the misinformation source(s) and improve reporting. This, however, can only happen at sufficiently high levels of misinformation availability (i.e., encoding of misinformation and its subsequent accessibility): with low misinformation availability, double misinformation should instead increase the misinformation effect, providing multiple chances of yielding to misinformation. To test these predictions, we experimentally manipulated misinformation availability (high vs. low) and presented double or single misinformation. However, double versus single misinformation presentation did not affect performance or interact with misinformation availability and participants frequently reported misinformation while fully detecting discrepancies between items. Therefore, discrepancy detection alone may not be sufficient in reducing the misinformation effect, with various decision‐making processes involved in reporting.
Microfluidic Platforms to Screen Granular Hydrogel Microenvironments for Tissue Regeneration
Authors: Krattiger Lisa A. , Emiroglu Dilara Börte , Pravato Silvia , Moser Lukas O. , Bachmann Olivia A. , La Cioppa Simona Y. , Rivera Gabriel J. Rodriguez , Burdick Jason A. , deMello Andrew J. , Tibbitt Mark W. , Ehrbar Martin 
Published: May 2024

AbstractGranular hydrogels have emerged as a promising class of biomaterials in medical research, enabling independent control of matrix stiffness within a porous biomaterial. Such microgel packings comprise interconnected pores and high surface‐to‐volume ratios. These features facilitate cell viability and nutrient diffusion, which are critical in enabling tissue regeneration. Despite the current interest in granular hydrogels for tissue engineering applications, only a few in vitro platforms are used to investigate cell interactions, limiting their design, and translation. In this study, microfluidic platforms able to reproducibly confine and immobilize microgels without the need for secondary cross‐linking are developed. Protocols are established for the generation of human bone marrow‐derived mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (hBM‐MSC)‐infiltrated microporous substrates and early‐time responses of cells to their environment are studied. Further, a tissue invasion assay is established, where cells infiltrate granular materials at different rates depending on growth factor presence or material properties. This platform is compatible with a range of different granular materials, and it is envisioned to have significant utility as a pre‐clinical tool for the rational design of materials for tissue healing applications.
Regulating the Zn Electrode/Electrolyte Interface Toward High Stability– Insights from the Resting Time Impact on Zn Electrode Performance
Authors: Cai Zhijun , Wang Jiangpeng , Lian Sitian , Chen Junwu , Lang Feng , Li Zhe , Li Quan 
Published: May 2024

AbstractResting, a common procedure performed before cycling, is identified to have a significant impact on the cycle performance of acidic aqueous zinc‐ion batteries (AZBs). It is demonstrated that resting duration significantly affects the Zn anode's cyclability and is closely related to the evolution of zinc hydroxide sulfate (ZHS), a byproduct formed on the Zn anode in AZBs, even without electrochemical cycling. Mechanism analysis suggests that both the uniformity and quantity of ZHS are critical factors in determining the electrode's cycling stability. Consequently, controlling the interfacial ZHS effectively enhances the cycle performance of the Zn electrode by preventing Zn corrosion and promoting uniform Zn stripping/plating during cycling. It is demonstrated that an effective hydrothermal ZHS layer can protect the Zn electrode, rendering it less susceptible to resting impacts, resulting in a long cycle life of over 3800 h at 2 mA cm−2−0.5 mAh cm−2. With a 30% depth of discharge, this strategy helps to extend the cycle life to >1000 h. (4 mA cm−2–2 mAh cm−2). The findings not only highlight the importance of standardizing the resting period in evaluating the AZBs performance, but also lead to the relationship understanding among resting, ZHS evolution, and Zn electrode cyclability, further guiding strategy to improve the cycling stability of AZBs.
A Lithium‐Affinitive Covalent Organic Polymer Network Functionalized Separator for Dendrite‐Free and High‐Durability Lithium–Sulfur Batteries under Harsh Conditions
Authors: Zhao Zhiqiang , Pan Yukun , Chen Hongli , Wang Xiaowei , Huang Yanan , Yi Shan , Niu Bo , Long Donghui , Zhang Yayun 
Published: May 2024

AbstractLithium–Sulfur (Li─S) batteries are renowned for their high theoretical specific capacity and cost‐effectiveness. Nevertheless, their performance could be impeded by obstacles including lithium dendrite growth and lithium polysulfide (LiPS) shuttle, particularly under harsh conditions. Herein, an economical strategy is reported for modifying polyolefin separators (PP) with covalent organic polymer networks (TPE) to alter Li solvent structure, enhance lithium‐ion transport, and suppress shuttle effects. Combining in situ/ex situ characterization and theoretical calculations, it is demonstrated that the lithiophilic groups (‐C═N‐) in the TPE@PP separator form strong interaction with lithium, facilitating the dissociation of Li─Solvent/LiPS‐solvent to release freer lithium ion and shape a stable solid electrolyte interface rich in LiF and Li3N. The polymer network serves as a “highway” that accelerates Li transport and promotes uniform nucleation behavior. Therefore, the Li|TPE@PP|CNT/S cell enables 60% capacity retention after 2000 cycles at 1.0 C and exhibits stable cycling performance of 100 cycles from ‐40 to 80 °C. Moreover, the pouch cell maintains a capacity of more than 600 mA h g−1 after 30 cycles at 0 °C. This study provides a promising avenue for the application of high‐performance batteries in harsh environment from the perspective of separator engineering.
Tuning Electronegativity‐Difference Configuration to Construct Non‐Bonded O 2p Orbitals for Reversible Anionic Redox in O3‐Type Cathode
Authors: Li Zeyu , Yu Yang , Zhang Tianran , Wong Deniz , Schulz Christian , Zhang Nian , Ning De , Li Qingyuan , Zhang Jicheng , Liu Xiangfeng 
Published: May 2024

AbstractHow to tune the activity and reversibility of oxygen anion redox (OAR) is a critical issue for O3‐type sodium‐ion battery (SIB) cathodes. Herein, the key role of electronegativity‐difference configuration on the activation of OAR is find out, and further tune electronegativity‐difference configuration with La incorporation to construct non‐bonded O 2p orbitals and achieve the reversible anionic redox in O3‐type NaMn1/3Fe1/3Ni1/3O2. Owing to the special extranuclear electronic structure of La3+ [Xe], the La electron cloud is difficult to be disturbed by the O electron cloud, and some O electrons do not participate in the formation of ionic bonds, thus retaining the non‐bonded electrons of O 2p and activating OAR. Moreover, La3+ doping also decreases the Coulomb force between Na+ and O2− favoring Na+ migration as well as strengthening the La─O bonds inhibiting the irreversible phase transition. La2O3 coating layer also plays a role on inhibiting the reaction between molecular oxygen and the electrolyte, and making OAR reversible. After modification, the cycling stability is significantly improved (86.9% vs 27.3%@2C@200cycles; 90.8% vs 52.9%@5C@300 cycles). This study presents some insights on OAR activation mechanism and offers a facile strategy to improve the activity and reversibility of OAR for designing high performance SIBs cathodes.
Biomaterials‐Based Technologies in Skeletal Muscle Tissue Engineering
Authors: Luo Wei , Zhang Hanli , Wan Renwen , Cai Yuxi , Liu Yinuo , Wu Yang , Yang Yimeng , Chen Jiani , Zhang Deju , Luo Zhiwen , Shang Xiliang 
Published: May 2024

AbstractFor many clinically prevalent severe injuries, the inherent regenerative capacity of skeletal muscle remains inadequate. Skeletal muscle tissue engineering (SMTE) seeks to meet this clinical demand. With continuous progress in biomedicine and related technologies including micro/nanotechnology and 3D printing, numerous studies have uncovered various intrinsic mechanisms regulating skeletal muscle regeneration and developed tailored biomaterial systems based on these understandings. Here, the skeletal muscle structure and regeneration process are discussed and the diverse biomaterial systems derived from various technologies are explored in detail. Biomaterials serve not merely as local niches for cell growth, but also as scaffolds endowed with structural or physicochemical properties that provide tissue regenerative cues such as topographical, electrical, and mechanical signals. They can also act as delivery systems for stem cells and bioactive molecules that have been shown as key participants in endogenous repair cascades. To achieve bench‐to‐bedside translation, the typical effect enabled by biomaterial systems and the potential underlying molecular mechanisms are also summarized. Insights into the roles of biomaterials in SMTE from cellular and molecular perspectives are provided. Finally, perspectives on the advancement of SMTE are provided, for which gene therapy, exosomes, and hybrid biomaterials may hold promise to make important contributions.
A Systematic Study on the Physicochemical Interactions Between Polymeric Micelles and Mucin: Toward the Development of Optimal Drug Delivery Nanocarriers
Authors: Tollemeto Matteo , Badillo‐Ramírez Isidro , Thamdrup Lasse Højlund Eklund , Li Yudong , Ghavami Mahdi , Padial Tania Patiño , Christensen Jørn B. , van Hest Jan , Boisen Anja 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe optimal performance of drug delivery formulations, including polymeric nanoparticles, relies on particle distribution throughout the body and the interactions with biological barriers, particularly mucosal layers, which often limit their potential. A systematic and comprehensive study is presented through a multidisciplinary approach combining conventional and novel techniques for in vitro studies to understand the key molecular interactions between polymeric micelles and mucin. The results shows that polymeric micelles are integrates within the mucin layer, mirroring its viscoelastic properties, evidenced as a dissipation difference of 0.1 ± 0.44, measured by quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation. Surface‐enhanced Raman scattering reveals predominant hydrogen bonding within the mucin's hydrophilic core, while the isothermal titration calorimetry method confirms multiple non‐specific binding sites on the protein backbone. By performing the periodic acid‐Schiff stain assay, a binding amount of 0.20 mg of mucin per milligram of nanoparticles is quantified. Furthermore, motility studies show the surface binding of mucin on the polymeric nanoparticles influencing their Brownian motion. This study sheds light toward the improvement for a better drug delivery formulation and fabrication of optimal nanoparticle colloidal systems, which can advance translational drug delivery technologies into clinical application while enriching the field of surface and colloidal chemistry.
3D Printing of Succulent‐Inspired Microneedle Array for Enhanced Tissue Adhesion and Controllable Drug Release
Authors: Sun Yazhi , Wang Xiaocheng , Tang Min , Melarkey Mary K. , Lu Ting‐yu , Xiang Yi , Chen Shaochen 
Published: May 2024

AbstractControllable and long‐term release remains a great challenge in current drug delivery systems. Benefiting from their efficient drug loading and painless administration, microneedles (MNs) have emerged as a promising platform for transdermal drug delivery, while they often fail to achieve long‐term tissue adhesion and controllable extended drug release. Here, 3D printing of an innovative MN patch is presented with succulent‐inspired responsive microstructures and light‐controllable long‐term release capability. The MN exhibits a reversible shrink‐swell volume change behavior in response to surrounding humidity, which enables sufficient mechanical strength for skin penetration under the shrinkage conditions and efficient long‐term adhesion when swollen in skin tissues. Moreover, the MN patch introduces a controllable long‐term drug release system, achieved through the integration of thiolated heparin (Hep‐SH) for sustained growth factor release and graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets for controlled drug release via near infrared (NIR) laser irradiation. The MN patches with growth factor loading have good biocompatibility and can promote the proliferation, migration, and proangiogenesis of endothelial cells is further demonstrated. Thus, it is believed that such flexible MN patches can be promising candidates for controllable long‐term transdermal drug delivery as well as other related tissue engineering applications.