bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bio-efficacy of Olyset® Plus, PermaNet® 3.0 and Interceptor® G2 on pyrethroid-resistant populations of Anopheles gambiae s.l. prior to the June 2023 net distribution campaign in Benin, West Africa
Authors: Zoungbédji David Mahouton , Padonou Germain Gil , Sovi Arthur , Konkon Alphonse Keller , Salako Albert Sourou , Azondékon Roseric , Sidick Aboubakar , Ahouandjinou Juvénal Minassou , Towakinou Linda , Ossè Razaki , Aïkpon Rock , Affoukou Cyriaque , Baba-Moussa Lamine , Akogbéto Martin 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
This study investigates the effectiveness of new-generation mosquito nets, like Olyset® Plus and PermaNet® 3.0, and dual-action nets such as Interceptor® G2, against pyrethroid-resistant Anopheles gambiae mosquitoes following the 2023 mass distribution of long-lasting insecticidal nets in Benin.

Methods
We tested wild mosquito populations from six communes in Benin against various pyrethroid (permethrin 0.75%, alphacypermethrin 0.05%, and deltamethrin 0.05%) using WHO tube tests. Additionally, we exposed mosquitoes to chlorfenapyr 100 µg/ml using the CDC bottle bioassay method. A subset of mosquitoes underwent biochemical and PCR tests to check the overexpression of metabolic enzymes and the Kdr L1014F mutation. We evaluated the effectiveness of Olyset® Plus, PermaNet® 3.0, and Interceptor® G2 nets using cone and tunnel tests on both laboratory and field populations of An. gambiae.

Results
Overall, the highest mortality rate was 60% with pyrethroid and 98 to100% with chlorfenapyr. In cone tests, all three types of nets induced mortality rates above 80% in the susceptible laboratory strain of An. gambiae. Notably, Olyset® Plus showed the highest mortality rates for pyrethroid-resistant mosquitoes in cone tests, ranging from 81.03% (95% CI: 68.59–90.13) in Djougou to 96.08% (95% CI: 86.54–99.52) in Akpro-Missérété. PermaNet® 3.0 had variable rates, from 42.5% (95% CI: 27.04–59.11) in Djougou to 58.54% (95% CI: 42.11–73.68) in Porto-Novo. However, revealed good results for Interceptor® G2, with 94% (95% CI: 87.40–97.77) mortality and 89.09% blood sampling inhibition in local populations of An. gambiae. In comparison, Interceptor® had lower rates of 17% (95% CI: 10.23–25.82) and 60%, respectively.

Conclusion
These results suggest that tunnel tests are effective for evaluating dual-active ingredient nets. Additionally, Interceptor® G2 and PBO nets like Olyset® Plus could be considered as alternatives against pyrethroid-resistant mosquitoes.
Stroboscopy and acoustic analysis of voice following endotracheal intubation in otological surgeries
Authors: K. Gowthame , S. Prasanna Kumar , Samuel John 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
Stroboscopy is an endoscopy that is performed with intermittent light at a frequency that approximates the frequency of a moving object so that it appears in slow motion or motionless. It is used to analyze the structure and motion of the vocal fold.

Aim and objective
To compare the stroboscopic findings of various vocal parameters such as symmetry, amplitude, periodicity, mucosal wave of vocal folds, and glottis closure before and after elective endotracheal intubation and to compare acoustic analysis of voice using fundamental frequency, intensity, maximum phonation time, and dysphonia severity index in patients before and after elective intubation, who were undergoing otological surgeries. It also assesses the correlation between changes in these vocal and acoustic parameters and the size of the endotracheal tube, duration of intubation, and number of attempts made during intubation. This study creates awareness and provides insights to avoid intubation-related vocal fold injury.

Methods
This was a prospective cohort study involving 31 patients done in a Tertiary Care Centre. All patients who underwent otological surgeries by elective endotracheal intubation were included. All of them underwent stroboscopic and acoustic evaluation preoperatively, 24 h, and 7 days postoperatively.

Results
Statistically significant changes in mucosal wave pattern score were observed in the 1st postoperative day that reverted to normal by the end of 7th postoperative day and in GRBAS which was significant at the end of both 1st and 7th POD. Other parameters like fundamental frequency, intensity, DSI, MPT, amplitude, symmetry, periodicity, and glottis closure remain unaltered. There was a moderate positive correlation between the duration of intubation (minutes) and mucosal wave 1st POD (P-value: 0.003).

Conclusion
The majority of the patients (61%) had normal laryngeal structures. A total of 39% had evidence of injury, the most common being right vocal fold hemorrhage improved by the end of 7th postoperative day and became normal.
Prevalence and clinical correlates of suicide attempts in patients with first-episode drug-naïve major depressive disorder and comorbid autoimmune thyroiditis
Authors: Luo Yinli , Zhou Yanan , Peng Pu , Yuan Ning , Zhang Xiangyang 
Published: April 2024

BackgroundAutoimmune thyroiditis is closely associated with major depressive disorder (MDD) and suicide attempts. However, few studies have examined this relationship.AimsThe study aimed to assess the prevalence and correlates of suicide attempts in patients with first-episode drug-naïve (FEDN) MDD and autoimmune thyroiditis.MethodWe recruited 1718 out-patients with FEDN MDD and assessed depressive, anxiety and psychotic symptoms with the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression, Hamilton Rating Scale for Anxiety (HRSA) and Positive and Negative Syndrome Subscale positive subscale, respectively. The serum levels of free triiodothyronine, free thyroxine, thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), antithyroglobulin, thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPOAb) and several other metabolic parameters were assessed. Patients were divided into non-autoimmune thyroiditis, autoimmune thyroiditis only and autoimmune thyroiditis with abnormal TSH groups, based on autoimmune thyroiditis severity. Multiple logistic regression model was applied to identify the correlates of suicide attempts in patients with MDD and autoimmune thyroiditis with abnormal TSH.ResultsCompared with the non-autoimmune thyroiditis group, the autoimmune thyroiditis with abnormal TSH group had a nearly fourfold higher likelihood of reporting a suicide attempt, whereas no difference was found between the non-autoimmune thyroiditis and autoimmune thyroiditis only groups. HRSA score, lnTPOAb and lnTSH were independently associated with suicide attempts in patients with autoimmune thyroiditis with abnormal TSH.ConclusionsPatients with MDD and autoimmune thyroiditis with abnormal TSH are at higher risk for suicide attempt. TPOAb, TSH and anxiety are all independently associated with suicide attempts in this population, and regular thyroid checks are warranted.
Scalp Nerve Block Alleviates Headaches Associated With Sonication During Transcranial Magnetic Resonance–Guided Focused Ultrasound
Authors: Kadowaki Makoto , Sugiyama Kenji , Nozaki Takao , Yamasaki Tomohiro , Namba Hiroki , Shimizu Mikihiro , Kurozumi Kazuhiko 
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:
In magnetic resonance–guided focused ultrasound (MRgFUS) procedures, headache is a frequent symptom and cause of treatment discontinuation. Herein, we assessed the efficacy of scalp nerve block (SNB) for alleviating headache during MRgFUS procedures.

METHODS:
The effect of SNB on intraprocedural headache was examined by retrospectively comparing 2 patient cohorts at a single institution. During the study period from April 2020 to February 2022, an SNB protocol for all patients with a skull density ratio ≤0.55 was instituted on October 6, 2021. The number of patients with a skull density ratio ≤0.55 was 34 before the protocol and 36 afterward. Headache intensity was evaluated using a numerical rating scale (NRS) after each sonication. To evaluate the effect of SNB on headache intensity, multiple regression analysis was performed per patient and per sonication. In the per-patient analysis, the effect of SNB was evaluated using the maximum NRS, mean NRS, and NRS at the first ultrasound exposure that reached 52.5°C. In the per-sonication analysis, the effect of SNB was evaluated not only for the entire sonication but also for sonications classified into ≤9999 J, 10 000 to 29 999 J, and ≥30 000 J energy doses.

RESULTS:
With SNB, headache alleviation was observed in the NRS after the first sonication that reached 52.5°C in each patient (β = −2.40, 95% CI −4.05 to −0.758, P = .00499), in the NRS when all sonications were evaluated (β = −0.647, 95% CI −1.19 to −0.106, P = .0201), and in the NRS when all sonications were classified into 10 000 to 29 999 J (β = −1.83, 95% CI −3.17 to −0.485, P = .00889).

CONCLUSION:
SNB significantly reduced headache intensity during MRgFUS, especially that caused by sonication with a moderate-energy dose. These findings suggest that scalp nerves play a role in headache mechanisms during MRgFUS.
Evidence for Simultaneous Muscle Atrophy and Hypertrophy in Response to Resistance Training in Humans
Authors: VAN VOSSEL KIM , HARDEEL JULIE , VAN DER STEDE THIBAUX , COOLS TOM , VANDECAUTER JONAS , VANHAECKE LYNN , BOONE JAN , BLEMKER SILVIA SALINAS , LIEVENS ELINE , DERAVE WIM 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT

Purpose
Human skeletal muscle has the profound ability to hypertrophy in response to resistance training (RT). However, this has a high energy and protein cost and is presumably mainly restricted to recruited muscles. It remains largely unknown what happens with nonrecruited muscles during RT. This study investigated the volume changes of 17 recruited and 13 nonrecruited muscles during a 10-wk single-joint RT program targeting upper arm and upper leg musculature.

Methods
Muscle volume changes were measured by manual or automatic 3D segmentation in 21 RT novices. Subjects ate ad libitum during the study and energy and protein intake were assessed by self-reported diaries.

Results
Posttraining, all recruited muscles increased in volume (range: +2.2% to +17.7%, P < 0.05), whereas the nonrecruited adductor magnus (mean: −1.5% ± 3.1%, P = 0.038) and soleus (−2.4% ± 2.3%, P = 0.0004) decreased in volume. Net muscle growth (r = 0.453, P = 0.045) and changes in adductor magnus volume (r = 0.450, P = 0.047) were positively associated with protein intake. Changes in total nonrecruited muscle volume (r = 0.469, P = 0.037), adductor magnus (r = 0.640, P = 0.002), adductor longus (r = 0.465, P = 0.039), and soleus muscle volume (r = 0.481, P = 0.032) were positively related to energy intake. When subjects were divided into a HIGH or LOW energy intake group, overall nonrecruited muscle volume (−1.7% ± 2.0%), adductor longus (−5.6% ± 3.7%), adductor magnus (−2.8% ± 2.4%), and soleus volume (−3.7% ± 1.8%) decreased significantly (P < 0.05) in the LOW but not the HIGH group.

Conclusions
To our knowledge, this is the first study documenting that some nonrecruited muscles significantly atrophy during a period of RT. Our data therefore suggest muscle mass reallocation, that is, that hypertrophy in recruited muscles takes place at the expense of atrophy in nonrecruited muscles, especially when energy and protein availability are limited.
STUDI PENGARUH INTENSITAS ULTRAVIOLET PADA FOTOKATALIS TiO2 SEBAGAI REDUKSI NO2 DAN MIKROORGANISME DALAM SISTEM VENTILASI RUANG
Authors: Suwasono Tabah , Assomadi Abdu Fadli 
Published: April 2024

Konsentrasi NO2 di dalam kendaraan atau di dekat jalan raya jauh lebih tinggi daripada yang diukur pada monitor di jaringan saat ini. Beberapa pengukuran di daerah jalan raya dan terminal dilaporkan melewati baku mutu yang telah ditetapkan meskipun beberapa daerah konsentrasi NO2 di bawah baku mutu tetapi dari survei dan analisis data menunjukkan nilai risk quotient lebih dari 1 yang menunjukkan bahwa tidak aman berada di daerah tersebut 30 tahun ke depan. Salah satu metode untuk mengurangi konsentrasi NO2 adalah titanium dioksida (TiO2) yang disinari UV, adanya UV tersebut dapat dikaji terkait reduksi mikroorganisme. Penelitian dilakukan dengan studi intensitas ultraviolet pada fotokatalis TiO2 dalam mereduksi NO2 dan intensitas UV terhadap mikroorganisme. Data yang diambil adalah data sekunder. Setelahnya dilanjutkan dengan mencari kriteria desain, dilanjutkan pemilihan material. Perhitungan dimensi dilakukan berdasarkan material dan kriteria yang ditentukan, kemudian diestimasi efisiensi reduksi pada NO2 dan mikroorganisme dapat dilakukan dan disesuaikan dengan baku mutu PerMenKes No. 1077 Tahun 2011. Hasil estimasi menunjukkan bahwa desain ventilasi ruang dengan menggunakan intensitas sebesar 75,8 mW/cm2 pada fotokatalis TiO2 mampu mereduksi NO2 setidaknya 52,53% dengan konsentrasi inlet 0,067 ppm. Penggunaan intensitas 75,8 mW/cm2 dalam desain ventilasi ruang mampu mereduksi mikroorganisme dengan nilai dosis UV D90 di bawah 238,77 J/m2. Desain ventilasi ruang secara estimasi mencukupi suplai udara ruang kamar rumah pada kondisi tidak merokok dengan hasil reduksi NO2 sesuai baku dan mendekati untuk mikroorganisme.
Usefulness of atezolizumab plus bevacizumab as second-line therapy for patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Yamaba Shinpei , Imai Yukinori , Sugawara Kayoko , Uchida Yoshihito , Fuchigami Akira , Uchiya Hiroshi , Nakayama Nobuaki , Mochida Satoshi 
Published: April 2024

Aim
To clarify the efficacy of atezolizumab (ATZ) plus bevacizumab (BEV) as the second-line therapy for patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Methods
The subjects were 82 patients with HCC receiving ATZ/BEV, including 33 patients with previous therapies with molecular-targeted agents (MTA). Therapeutic efficacy was evaluated using contrast-enhanced CT according to the mRECIST.

Results
The Child-Pugh scores were 5, 6,7 and 8 in 40, 35, 5 and 2 patients, respectively, and the extents of HCC progression were BCLC stage A, B and C in 3, 31 and 48 patients, respectively. Early therapeutic efficacy was evaluated in 67 patients, and percentages of patients achieving CR/PR/SD/PD until 12 weeks were 3.0%/29.9%/49.3%/17.9%, respectively, indicating ORR of 32.8% and DCR of 82.1%, The ORR was higher in MTA-naïve patients (40.5%) than in those after discontinuation of lenvatinib due to PD (7.7%, P = 0.0410), while the DCR was equivalent between both patients (83.3% vs 80.0%, P = 0.1184), and the multivariate analysis revealed previous MTA therapies with lenvatinib alone as a factor to deteriorate the ORR (HR of 4.846 (P = 0.0619)). The OS rates at 24 and 48 weeks were 86% and 72%, respectively, and the rates did not differ between MTA-naïve and MTA-experienced patients. Multivariate analyses revealed that achievement of CR, PR or SD and peripheral neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio were associated with a favorable outcome (HR of 0.124, P<0.0001 and 0.351, P = 0.0303).

Conclusions
ATZ/BEV merits consideration even for MTA-experienced patients, since the OS was equivalent to those in MTA-naïve patients despite of an unfavorable early therapeutic efficacy.
Road vehicle collision suicide in Australia: Trends, collision types, and individual characteristics
Authors: Law Phillip C. F. , Too Lay San , Spittal Mathew J. , Pirkis Jane , Clapperton Angela J. 
Published: April 2024

Background
Suicide by road vehicle collision in Australia is under-explored with mixed findings. We aimed to address this research gap by examining time trends, different types of vehicle collision, and individual characteristics related to vehicle-collision suicide.

Method
We retrospectively analyzed deaths by suicide between 1st January 2001 and 31st December 2017 in Australia, using coronial records from the National Coronial Information System. The travel mode used and collision counterpart were retrieved from records of death by vehicle-collision suicide using all available information. We conducted negative binomial regression analysis to examine annual changes in suicide rate by vehicle collision on a public road (N = 640) and other methods of suicide (N = 41,890), and logistic regression analysis to examine individual characteristics associated with the likelihood of dying by suicide via road vehicle collision.

Results
Overall, the national suicide rate involving road vehicle collision significantly increased, while the rate by other methods significantly decreased. Drivers accounted for 61% of suicide events by vehicle collision, of which 72% were single-vehicle collisions (commonly involving a tree). For multiple-vehicle collision suicide events, 82% involved collision with a truck. Pedestrians accounted for more than one-third of suicide events, of which 58% involved collision with a truck and 23% involved collision with a car/van. Individuals who were male (odds ratio 1.15; 95% CI 0.88–1.50), aged <25 years old (odds ratio 5.27; 95% CI 3.05–9.10), non-Indigenous (odds ratio 3.36; 95% CI 1.71–6.62), and born overseas (odds ratio 1.40; 95% CI 1.10–1.79) were more likely to die by vehicle-collision suicide than by other methods of suicide.

Conclusions
This study provides a better understanding of road vehicle collision suicide in Australia and informs future research directions on topic. Our findings can be used to inform suicide prevention initiatives to reduce vehicle-collision suicide deaths.
Patient-perceived factors influencing physical activity sensor use in stroke prevention and rehabilitation: A thematic synthesis protocol
Authors: Harris Paul T. , Maine Ingrid 
Published: April 2024

Introduction
While the putative benefits of “fitness trackers” continue to fuel a booming consumer market, results of device-based clinical interventions remain remarkably mixed. This study will explore factors influencing wearable physical activity (PA) sensor use in the context of stroke prevention and rehabilitation for older adults. The findings of this thematic synthesis will provide insights into factors influencing the use of PA sensors in stroke which may inform more effective device-based interventions.

Methods and analysis
Thematic synthesis as a formal method described by Thomas and Arden can be used within a systematic review to synthesize primary qualitative research. Accordingly, the proposed study will systematically search bibliographic databases for relevant peer-reviewed papers and synthesize coded thematic data within included papers. The quality of papers will be assessed using the JBI Critical Appraisal Checklist for Qualitative Research. Patterns in the text will be coded, preliminary data visualised, and higher-level analytical themes discerned to explain factors influencing the use of PA sensors in older stroke patients.

Discussion
This study does not require ethics approval. Results are expected to be available by June 2024. Data from the thematic synthesis will provide insights into barriers and facilitators influencing the use of wearable PA sensors in stroke and older adults at risk, and implications these factors have for the design of effective device-based interventions.

Trial registration
Systematic review registration: PROSPERO registration number: CRD42020211472. https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42020211472.
The mental health prognosis of offspring born of genocidal rape is influenced by family members, the community and their perceptions toward them
Authors: Nyirandamutsa Fortunée , Niyonsenga Japhet , Lisette Gaju Kethina , Izabayo Josias , Kambibi Emilienne , Munderere Samuel , Sebuhoro Célestin , Muhayisa Assoumpta , Vincent Sezibera 
Published: April 2024

Background
There is little known about the family and community maltreatment of the offspring born of the genocidal rape and the offspring’s self-perceptions and how they influence their recovery from mental health problems. This study aimed to examine how the mental health prognosis of these offspring could be influenced by the family or community perceptions and attitudes toward them and their self-perception and coping strategies.

Methods
Thirty-two semi-structured qualitative interviews were conducted on 16 dyads of mothers and their offspring who were selected from countrywide. The interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed verbatims that were analysed inductively using thematic analysis within the NVivo 12 software.

Results
Participants reported long-term psychological and psychosomatic consequences stemming from being born of genocidal rape. Notably, family and community maltreatment of the offspring and their self-perception exacerbated psychological distress and affected their capacity to recover. The majority of the offspring were using coping strategies such as sole collaboration with peers with the same history, efforts to hide their birth history, social Isolation (silence, untrusting, involvement in media etc), hardworking, reversed roles in the parental relationship, extreme involvement in praying, and harmful alcohol use.

Conclusion
Given the documented detrimental effects of individual, family and community attitudes and perceptions on psychological, and psychosomatic symptoms as well as the offspring coping strategies, culturally relevant mental health interventions are required to support the well-being and social reintegration of individuals born of genocidal rape while minimizing stigma and their maladaptive coping strategies.
Green Synthesis and Characterization of CaO Nanoparticles using Hen Eggshells and its Impact on Biomass Concentration, Chlorophyll-a and Lipid Content of Chlorella sp.
Authors: Pahariya Richa , Chauhan Abhishek , Ranjan Anuj , Pathak Vinay Mohan , Tuli Hardeep Singh , Shahwan Moyad , Basniwal Rupesh Kumar , Upadhyay Sumant , Jindal Tanu 
Published: April 2024

Biodegradable wastes e.g. the outer cover of a boiled hen egg generally haphazardly discarded by humans in different locations of the country and generates problems for the local creatures. Although different researchers reported different methods to utilize the waste through the nanotechnological approach. Here, green synthesis of calcium oxide (CaO) nanoparticles from the hen eggshells was carried out and characterized them by using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer (UV). Further application of the synthesized nanoparticles was done on Chlorella sp. to investigate the impact on algal growth, lipid and chlorophylls. Synthesized CaO nanoparticles were applied in different concentration (0, 10, 20 and 30 mg L–1) and readings were monitored for 20 days. The highest biomass concentration 242.56 mg L–1 was achieved for the nanoparticle concentration of 20 mg L–1 and the lipid content increased up to 35.71% in 20 mg L–1. These results pave the way for enhanced algal biofuel production.