bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of varying virus‐spiking conditions on a virus‐removal filter Planova™ 20N in a virus validation study of antibody solutions
Authors: Hongo‐Hirasaki Tomoko , Yamaguchi Kazuhito , Yanagida Kouichirou , Hayashida Hirohisa , Ide Shoichi 
Published: November 2010

AbstractWe aimed to investigate the effect of virus‐spiking conditions on the filter performance (flux, flux decay, and parvovirus reduction) of the small virus filter Planova™ 20N. We used three kinds of porcine parvovirus (PPV) stocks: serum, serum‐free, and purified. The flux profile with PPV spiking was similar to that without spiking for normal load filtration of about 250–300 L/m2. High volume (3 vol %) of serum‐free PPV and 1 vol % serum PPV reduced the flux to some extent for high‐load filtration (over 10 h, ca., 500 L/m2, 5 mg/mL IgG solution). Log reduction value (LRV) of PPV was maintained at a high level (>5) over the filtration volume. Flux for Planova™ 20N was only minimally affected by the use of different virus stocks for spiking. Transmission electron microphotography showed that the distribution of PPV particles captured inside the membrane wall was reached until the −60% thickness of the membrane, showing that the membrane of Planova™ 20N has a thick effective layer for virus removal. These results provided evidence for the robustness of the filter performance of Planova™ 20N, showing that it was not easily affected by virus spiking conditions and that it has a large capacity for high‐load conditions. © 2011 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Biotechnol. Prog., 2011
Efficient production of cellulase in the culture of Acremonium cellulolyticus using untreated waste paper sludge
Authors: Prasetyo Joni , Zhu Jing , Kato Tatsuya , Park Enoch Y. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractCellulase was produced by Acremonium cellulolyticus using untreated waste paper sludge (PS) as the carbon source. The clay present in PS did not show any inhibitory effect on cellulase production but did alter the pH during fermentation. On the flask scale, the maleate buffer concentration and pH were key factors that affected the efficiency of cellulase production from PS cellulose. Optimum cellulase production in a 3‐L fermentor of working volume 1.5 L was achieved by controlling the pH value at 6.0 using 2 M NaOH and 2 M maleic acid, and the productivity reached 8.18 FPU/mL. When 40.89 g/L PS cellulose, 2.2 g/L (NH4)2SO4, and 4.4 g/L urea were added to a 48‐h culture, the cellulase activity was 9.31 FPU/mL at the flask scale and 10.96 FPU/mL in the 3‐L fermentor. These values are ∼80% of those obtained when pure cellulose is used as the carbon source. The method developed here presents a new route for the utilization of PS. © 2011 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Biotechnol. Prog., 2011
Study of in situ 1‐butanol pervaporation from A‐B‐E fermentation using a PDMS composite membrane: Validity of solution‐diffusion model for pervaporative A‐B‐E fermentation
Authors: Li Si‐Yu , Srivastava Ranjan , Parnas Richard S. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractIn this study, the application of a new polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)/dual support composite membrane was investigated by incorporating the pervaporation process into the A‐B‐E (acetone‐butanol‐ethanol) fermentation. The performance of the A‐B‐E fermentation using the integrated pervaporation/fermentation process showed higher biomass concentrations and higher glucose consumption rates than those of the A‐B‐E fermentation without pervaporation. The performance of the membrane separation was studied during the separation of 1‐butanol from three different 1‐butanol solutions: binary, model, and fermentation culture solutions. The solution‐diffusion model, specifically the mass transfer equation based on Fick's First Law, was shown to be applicable to the undefined A‐B‐E fermentation culture solutions. A quantitative comparison of 1‐butanol separation from the three different solutions was made by calculating overall mass transfer coefficients of 1‐butanol. It was found that the overall mass transfer coefficients during the separation of binary, model, and fermentation culture solutions were 1.50, 1.26, and 1.08 mm/h, respectively. © 2011 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Biotechnol. Prog., 2011
Interactions and phase behavior of a monoclonal antibody
Authors: Lewus Rachael A. , Darcy Patricia A. , Lenhoff Abraham M. , Sandler Stanley I. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractProtein phase behavior is implicated in numerous aspects of downstream processing either by design, as in crystallization or precipitation processes, or as an undesired effect, such as aggregation. An improved understanding of protein phase behavior is, therefore, important for developing rational design strategies for important process steps. This work explores the phase behavior of a monoclonal antibody (mAb), IDEC‐152, which exhibits liquid–liquid separation, aggregation, gelation, and crystallization. A systematic study of numerous factors, including the effects of solution composition and pH, has been conducted to explore the phase behavior of this antibody. Phenomena observed include a significant dependence of the cloud point on the cation in sulfate salts and nonmonotonic trends in pH dependence. Additionally, conditions for crystallization of this mAb are reported for the first time. Protein–protein interactions, as determined from the osmotic second virial coefficient, are used to interpret the phase behavior. © 2011 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Biotechnol. Prog., 2011
Costs and cost‐effectiveness of carotid stenting versus endarterectomy for patients at increased surgical risk: Results from the SAPPHIRE trial
Authors: Mahoney Elizabeth M. , Greenberg Dan , Lavelle Tara A. , Natarajan Amy , Berezin Ronna , Ishak K. Jack , Caro Jamie J. , Yadav Jay S. , Gray William A. , Wholey Mark H. , Cohen David J. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractObjectives: To evaluate the cost‐effectiveness of carotid stenting vs. carotid endarterectomy using data from the SAPPHIRE trial. Background: Carotid stenting with embolic protection has been introduced as an alternative to carotid endarterectomy for prevention of cerebrovascular and cardiovascular events among patients at increased surgical risk. Methods: Between August 2000 and July 2002, 310 patients with an accepted indication for carotid endarterectomy but at high risk of complications were randomized to and subsequently underwent either carotid stenting (n = 159) or endarterectomy (n = 151). Clinical outcomes, resource use, costs, and quality of life were assessed prospectively for all patients over a 1‐year period. Life expectancy, quality‐adjusted life expectancy, and health care costs beyond the follow‐up period were estimated for patients alive at 1 year, based on observed clinical events during the first year of follow‐up. Results: Although initial procedural costs were significantly higher for stenting than for endarterectomy (mean difference: $4,081/patient; 95% CI, $3,849–$4,355), mean post‐procedure length of stay was shorter for stenting (1.9 vs. 2.9 days; P < 0.001) with significant associated cost offsets. As a result, initial hospital costs were just $559/patient higher with stenting (95% CI, $3,470 less to $2,289 more). Neither follow‐up costs after discharge nor total 1‐year costs differed significantly. The incremental cost‐effectiveness ratio for stenting compared with endarterectomy was $6,555 per quality‐adjusted life year (QALY) gained, with over 98 percent of bootstrap estimates <$50,000/QALY gained. Conclusions: Although carotid stenting with embolic protection is more costly than carotid endarterectomy, by commonly accepted standards, stenting is an economically attractive alternative to endarterectomy for patients at high surgical risk. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
“Ping‐pong” guide catheter technique for retrograde intervention of a chronic total occlusion through an ipsilateral collateral
Authors: Brilakis Emmanouil S. , Grantham J. Aaron , Banerjee Subhash 
Published: November 2010

AbstractWe report a novel technique for performing retrograde interventions on a coronary chronic total occlusion through an ipsilateral collateral. Two guiding catheters are used to engage the target coronary artery, one to advance to the retrograde guidewire and the other to externalize the retrograde guidewire and antegrade wiring. Engagement of the target coronary artery is alternating between the antegrade and the retrograde guide catheter in a “ping‐pong” fashion, enabling lesion crossing and equipment delivery. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Pharmacoinvasive therapy for acute myocardial infarction
Authors: Agarwal Sanjeev Kumar 
Published: November 2010

AbstractThrombus remains the bane of interventional cardiology. The use of thrombus extraction devices and distal protection devices has been controversial. Pharmacological modulation using intracoronary (IC) thrombolytic therapy during percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is also not an established choice although intravenous thrombolytic therapy is widely accepted and applied treatment of choice for acute ST‐elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). This case report shows successful management of a patient of STEMI using a combination of IC thrombolytic therapy, thrombectomy device, and PCI. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A randomized two‐by‐two comparison of high‐dose bolus tirofiban versus abciximab and unfractionated heparin versus bivalirudin during percutaneous coronary revascularization and stent placement: The tirofiban evaluation of novel dosing versus abciximab with clopidogrel and inhibition of thrombin (TENACITY) study trial
Authors: Moliterno David J. ,   and the TENACITY Steering Committee and Investigators
Published: November 2010

AbstractBackground: In the absence of high‐dose thienopyridines, placebo‐controlled trials have demonstrated a reduction in ischemic events with intravenous glycoprotein IIb/IIIa antagonists during percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). One head‐to‐head trial comparing abciximab and tirofiban among PCI patients found tirofiban to be inferior, and laboratory evidence confirmed that the bolus dose of tirofiban tested in that trial to be less effective than abciximab. Whether a higher bolus dose of tirofiban would be as efficacious as abciximab during PCI is uncertain. Methods and Results: Patients undergoing PCI were randomized equally to abciximab or to tirofiban, given as high‐dose bolus (25 μg/kg) plus 12‐hr infusion (0.15 μg/kg/min). All patients received aspirin and clopidogrel and were additionally randomized to unfractionated heparin or bivalirudin. Approximately 8,000 patients were to be studied, but after 383 were enrolled, the study sponsor discontinued the trial for financial reasons. The primary endpoint of 30‐day death, myocardial infarction, or urgent target vessel revascularization occurred in 8.8% of patients randomized to abciximab and 6.9% of those randomized to tirofiban. The respective rates of major bleeding were 1.5 and 1.6%. Additionally, the primary endpoint occurred in 8.1% of patients randomized to unfractionated heparin and 7.6% of those randomized to bivalirudin. The respective rates of major bleeding were 2.5% and 0.5%. Conclusion: With limited assessment, this direct comparison of high‐dose bolus tirofiban versus abciximab produced encouraging results and suggests that further study of this tirofiban dose regimen is warranted. The limited assessments comparing heparin and bivalirudin are consistent with prior observations. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Timing of administration of bevacizumab chemotherapy affects wound healing after chest wall port placement
Authors: Erinjeri Joseph P. , Fong Abigail J. , Kemeny Nancy E. , Brown Karen T. , Getrajdman George I. , Solomon Stephen B. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractBACKGROUND:The authors investigated how the timing of administration of bevacizumab, a targeted vascular endothelial growth factor‐inhibiting chemotherapeutic agent, affected the risk of wound healing in patients undergoing chest wall port placement.METHODS:The authors performed a retrospective search was performed of an institutional review board approved, Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act compliant database between 2002 and 2008, identifying 1108 port placements in patients who were treated with bevacizumab. One hundred twenty of these ports eventually required explant. Data analyzed included patient demographics, indication for port removal, and schedule of bevacizumab therapy.RESULTS:Wound healing complications requiring port explant were seen in 0.9% of placements (10/1108). When bevacizumab was given within 1 day of port placement, the absolute risk (AR) of port removal for wound dehiscence was 2.4% (2/82), compared with 0.3% (3/1021) when 2 or more days had passed between port placement and bevacizumab administration, yielding a statistically significant relative risk (RR) of 8.1 (P < .02). Similarly, when bevacizumab was administered within 7 days of port insertion, there was a significant RR of dehiscence‐related port explant (AR 1.4% vs 0.1%, RR 11.5, P < .028). However, no significant RR for dehiscence‐related port removal was observed when bevacizumab was administered within 14 days (AR 0.9% vs 0.2%, RR 6.2, P < .09) or 30 days (AR 0.7% vs 0.2%, RR 3.7, P < .23) of port placement.CONCLUSIONS:The risk of a wound dehiscence requiring chest wall port explant in patients treated with bevacizumab was inversely proportional to the interval between bevacizumab administration and port placement, with significantly higher risk seen when the interval is less than 14 days. Cancer 2011. © 2010 American Cancer Society.
Anatomic location is a risk factor for atypical and malignant meningiomas
Authors: Kane Ari J. , Sughrue Michael E. , Rutkowski Martin J. , Shangari Gopal , Fang Shanna , McDermott Michael W. , Berger Mitchel S. , Parsa Andrew T. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractBACKGROUND:Grade II and III meningiomas have higher rates of tumor recurrence than grade I meningiomas after surgery and/or external irradiation. As the utility of noninvasive treatments for brain tumors increases, it is becoming increasingly important to assess the likelihood that a tumor is not benign before treatment initiation. Hence, the authors have reviewed a large series of their patients to determine risk factors for higher‐grade pathology, with particular interest paid to tumor location.METHODS:The authors reviewed 378 patients presenting at their institution from 2000 to 2007 with histologically confirmed meningioma, central pathology grading according to the World Health Organization 2000 guidelines, and tumor location confirmed with preoperative imaging. They performed univariate and multivariate logistic regression on potential risk factors for high‐grade pathology.RESULTS:Risk factors for grade II/III pathology included nonskull base location (2‐fold) and male sex (2‐fold). Patients with prior surgery had a 3‐fold increased incidence of higher‐grade meningiomas at presentation at the authors' center. The authors controlled for this referral bias by performing a multivariate regression, and analysis without patients receiving prior treatment. Ninety‐seven percent of operations were performed for tumor size and clinical symptoms, whereas <3% were performed for interval growth or features concerning higher‐grade pathology.CONCLUSIONS:Nonskull‐base meningiomas, male sex, and prior surgery impart increased risk for grade II or III pathology. This increased risk translates to probable poorer prognosis and increased likelihood of recurrence after treatment. Thus, it is prudent to take these specific variables into consideration in conjunction with the complete clinical presentation when advising patients regarding their prognosis. Cancer 2011. © 2010 American Cancer Society.
Expectant management versus immediate treatment for low‐grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia
Authors: Elit Laurie , Levine Mark N. , Julian Jim A. , Sellors John W. , Lytwyn Alice , Chong Sylvia , Mahony James B. , Gu ChuShu , Finch Terri , Zeferino Luiz C. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractBACKGROUND:The optimal management strategy for women with low‐grade biopsy‐proven cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) is not clear. Our objective was to compare the effectiveness of regular colposcopic follow‐up and treatment of progressive disease only versus immediate treatment.METHODS:Data were accrued between November 2000 and March 2006 for a noninferiority randomized clinical trial of 415 women with biopsy‐proven grade 1 CIN from 8 Canadian and 2 Brazilian colposcopy clinics. Subjects were randomly assigned to either undergo immediate treatment with a loop electrical excision procedure (LEEP) or receive regular colposcopic follow‐up for 18 months. The primary outcome was progression of disease to CIN 2 to 3 was based on histology obtained during 18 months of follow‐up. Treatments were compared using differences of proportion with a 9% noninferiority margin. Analysis was conducted on the basis of intention‐to‐treat.RESULTS:An initial LEEP was performed on 179 women. Disease progression was found in 32. Easily controlled vaginal bleeding occurred in 16 (8.9%). During follow‐up, disease progression was identified in 3 (1.7%) women in the immediate treatment arm and 9 (4.4%) in the colposcopic follow‐up arm—a tolerable difference of 2.7% with 1‐sided 95% confidence interval (CI) upper limit of 6.0%. Compliance with all 3 follow‐up visits was 61% overall, but significantly worse in women ≤30 years of age (P < .05).CONCLUSIONS:The risk of progression to CIN grade 2 or 3 or cancer over 18 months was similar in the 2 treatment groups. In Canada and Brazil, follow‐up for 18 months is a reasonable management strategy for women with persistent low‐grade cytology who are found to have grade 1 CIN on referral for colposcopy and cervical biopsy. Cancer 2011. © 2010 American Cancer Society.
DICKKOPF‐4 activates the noncanonical c‐Jun‐NH2 kinase signaling pathway while inhibiting the Wnt‐canonical pathway in human renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Hirata Hiroshi , Hinoda Yuji , Majid Shahana , Chen Yi , Zaman Mohd S. , Ueno Koji , Nakajima Koichi , Tabatabai Z. Laura , Ishii Nobuhisa , Dahiya Rajvir 
Published: November 2010

AbstractBACKGROUND:To the authors' knowledge, the functional significance of the Wnt antagonist dickkopf homolog 4 (DKK4) has not been investigated previously in renal cancer.METHODS:The authors initially observed that the expression of DKK4 was significantly higher in renal cancer tissues compared with adjacent normal kidney tissues. To assess the function of DKK4, stable DKK4‐transfected cells were established, and functional analyses were performed, including a T‐cell factor/lymphoid enhancer factor (TCF/LEF) reporter assay and tests for cell viability, colony formation, apoptosis, cell cycle, invasive capability, wound‐healing capability, and in vivo tumor growth.RESULTS:The relative TCF/LEF activity was significantly lower in DKK4‐transfected cells compared with empty vector, and nuclear β‐catenin expression was decreased in DKK4 transfectants. In addition, expression levels of the β‐catenin downstream effector proteins cyclin D1 and c‐Myc were decreased in DKK4 transfectants. However, greater invasiveness and migration were observed in stably transfected DKK4 cells. Increased growth of DKK4‐transfected tumors also was observed in nude mice. Members of the Wnt noncanonical/c‐Jun‐NH2 kinase (JNK) signaling pathway also were effected, such as c‐Jun, which had significantly increased expression and phosphorylation in DKK4‐stable transfectants, and matrix metalloproteinase‐2, which had significantly increased expression in DKK4‐stable transfectants.CONCLUSIONS:This is the first study to indicate that DKK4 expression is increased in renal cancer tissues and that DKK4 activates the noncanonical JNK signaling pathway while inhibiting the Wnt‐canonical pathway. Cancer 2011. © 2010 American Cancer Society.
Venous thromboembolism in the patient with cancer
Authors: Lyman Gary H. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractVenous thromboembolism (VTE) is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with cancer. The risk of VTE varies over the natural history of cancer, with the highest risk occurring during hospitalization and after disease recurrence. Patient and disease characteristics are associated with further increased risk of VTE in this setting. Specific factors include cancer type (eg, pancreatic cancer, brain cancer, lymphoma) and the presence of metastatic disease at the time of diagnosis. VTE is a significant predictor of increased mortality during the first year among all types and stages of cancer, with metastatic disease reported to be the strongest predictor of mortality. VTE is also associated with early death in ambulatory patients with cancer. These data highlight the need for close monitoring, prompt treatment, and appropriate preventive strategies for VTE in patients with cancer. The American Society of Clinical Oncology and the National Comprehensive Cancer Network have issued guidelines regarding the prophylaxis and treatment of patients with cancer. This review summarizes the impact of VTE on patients with cancer, the effects of VTE on clinical outcomes, the importance of thromboprophylaxis in this population, relevant ongoing clinical trials examining the prevention of VTE, and new pharmacologic treatment options. Cancer 2011. © 2010 American Cancer Society.
Effectiveness of a clinic‐based colorectal cancer screening promotion program for underserved Hispanics
Authors: Coronado Gloria D. , Golovaty Ilya , Longton Gary , Levy Lisa , Jimenez Ricardo 
Published: November 2010

AbstractBACKGROUND:Hispanics in the United States are less likely than other groups to receive screening services for colorectal cancer.METHODS:The authors conducted a clinic‐based individual randomized trial that enrolled Hispanic patients ages 50 to 79 years who had been seen in the Seattle‐based community clinic in the past 5 years. A total of 501 patients met the eligibility criteria and were randomized to 1 of 3 conditions: 1) usual care; 2) mailed fecal occult blood test (FOBT) card and instructions on how to complete the test (mailed FOBT only); and 3) mailed FOBT card and instructions on how to complete the test, telephone reminders, and home visits (mailed FOBT and outreach). The authors assessed postintervention differences in rates of FOBT screening in intervention and usual care groups using computerized medical records reviewed from June 2007 to March 2008.RESULTS:Data analysis occurred between November 2008 and September 2009. Nine‐month postintervention screening rates were 26% among patients who received the mailed packet only intervention (P < .001 compared with usual care) and 31% in the group that received the mailed packet and outreach intervention (P < .001 compared with usual care). This compared with 2% in the group that received usual care. Screening rates in the mailed FOBT only group and in the mailed FOBT and outreach group were not significantly different (P = .28).CONCLUSIONS:Culturally appropriate clinic‐based interventions may increase colorectal cancer screening among underserved Hispanics. Cancer 2011. © 2010 American Cancer Society.