bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hybrid structural analysis integrating physical model and continuous‐time state‐space neural network model
Authors: Li Hong‐Wei , Hao Shuo , Ni Yi‐Qing , Wang You‐Wu , Xu Zhao‐Dong 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe most likely scenario for civil engineering structures is that only some components or parts of a structure are complex, while the rest of the structure can be well physically modeled. In this case, utilizing powerful neural networks to model these complex components or parts only and embedding the neural network models into the structure might be a viable choice. However, few studies have considered the real‐time interaction between the neural network model and another model. In this paper, a new hybrid structural modeling strategy that incorporates the neural network model is proposed. Structures installed with energy dissipation devices (EDDs) are investigated, where continuous‐time state‐space neural network (CSNN) models are adopted to represent EDDs and to couple with the physical model of the structure excluding EDDs through the state‐space substructuring method. First, CSNN models with an identical model configuration are trained to represent different physical models of EDDs and fit the experimental results of a damper to evaluate the CSNN model at the model level. Then, to demonstrate the hybrid structural analysis method, the CSNN‐based structural models of the interfloor‐damped and base‐isolated structures are established for seismic analyses. It is observed that CSNN‐based models exhibit high prediction performance and are easy to implement. Therefore, the developed hybrid structural analysis method that adopts CSNN models for EDDs is engineering practical.
Urban risk assessment model to quantify earthquake‐induced elevator passenger entrapment with population heatmap
Authors: Gu Donglian , Zhang Ning , Xu Zhen , Wu Yongjingbang , Tian Yuan 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe seismic resilience of cities plays a crucial role in achieving the United Nations Sustainability Development Goal. However, despite the occurrence of elevator passenger entrapment in numerous earthquakes, there is a notable lack of studies addressing this sophisticated issue. This study aims to bridge this gap by proposing a novel urban risk assessment model designed to evaluate city‐scale earthquake‐induced elevator passenger entrapment. The model integrates big data and physics‐based approaches. A novel mapping method was developed to estimate city‐scale elevator traffic level based on population heatmap data and deep learning. A process‐based parallel computing scheme was designed to accelerate the assessment. The applicability was demonstrated based on a real‐world urban area comprising 619 buildings. The findings reveal that as the time of the earthquake varies, the risk exhibits significant fluctuations. Additionally, this study highlights that a simplistic correspondence between seismic intensity and passenger entrapment risk can lead to erroneous estimations.
The impact of packaging attributes on portion decisions: Consumer values are important
Authors: Chu Ruiqi , Tang Tang , Hetherington Marion M. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractResearch shows that features of food packaging can help to promote healthy food choices. Laboratory‐based studies demonstrate that smart design of packaging facilitates portion control. However, the extent to which consumers notice packaging features for portion control is not known. Therefore, this study investigated how individuals interact with food packaging, how they utilise the on‐pack serving‐size guidelines and how they make portion decisions. To do this, 25 adult participants were recruited to participate in an online semi‐structured interview. Data were analysed using thematic analysis until saturation was achieved. Participants reported that they rarely attend to on‐pack serving recommendations and indicated some resistance to them. Some structural features (small/single serving, pre‐portioned and resealable packaging) were identified as facilitators of portion control. In contrast, the healthiness evaluation of the product from packaging cues was described as a permissive cue to eat more of the product. Participants in this study value their autonomy and control, preferring convenient behavioural choices over recommended portion servings. They also reported future concerns about the effects of their diet on health, but that current context (hunger, convenience) sometimes presented a barrier to healthy eating. Packaging does more than protect its contents, packaging can affect eating decisions to support portion control, and for some, offers permission to overconsume. This study identified ways that participants use packaging to make portion decisions, revealing the role of habits, current context and future health considerations. The interviews revealed the importance of consumer values on food choice in general and portion control in particular. In conclusion, smart food packaging design could use these findings to nudge healthy portion decisions by incorporating consumer values and by recognising consumer needs for habitual, current and future concerns.
Low‐frequency dorsal root stimulation is effective for various pain etiologies and pain locations
Authors: Tabatabaei Pedram , Kakas Pavlina , Bredemo Linda , Salomonsson Josef 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundDorsal root ganglion stimulation (DRG‐S) has emerged as a novel therapeutic approach for managing chronic neuropathic pain.AimsThis study aims to compare the effectiveness of 4–20 Hz DRG‐S through a retrospective analysis of a cohort of 28 patients with various neuropathic pain etiologies and pain locations.Materials and MethodsPatient responses to both stimulation frequencies were examined using the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) and Patient Global Impression of Change (PGIC) assessments. Factors such as patient preference and satisfaction were also evaluated.ResultsThe results indicate that 4 Hz DRG‐S is not only as effective as 20 Hz stimulation but may also surpass it. Among the 28 patients, 26 assessed 4 Hz stimulation to be at least as effective as 20 Hz, with the majority (22 out of 26) considering 4 Hz stimulation superior. After trying 4 Hz stimulation, 24 out of 28 patients chose it over 20 Hz, while two patients opted for a combination of both settings. Only two patients reverted to their original 20 Hz stimulation program. A statistically significant pain reduction of 24% was observed when comparing the effects of 4 Hz versus 20 Hz.DiscussionThe study highlights the broader applicability of low‐frequency DRG‐S, extending its benefits beyond the realm of low back pain. Patients with diverse pain etiologies and locations experienced comparable positive outcomes, suggesting that the advantages of low‐frequency stimulation are not confined to specific pain types or locations.ConclusionThis study emphasizes the potential of 4 Hz DRG‐S as a valuable alternative to the standard 20 Hz stimulation. Although the exact mechanisms require further investigation, the observed clinical benefits and patient preferences for low‐frequency stimulation suggest its viability across diverse pain indications and locations. Additional research is necessary to substantiate these findings and assess the durability and economic implications of low‐frequency DRG‐S.
PagKNAT2/6b promotes shoot branching by attenuating auxin‐strigolactone signalling in poplar
Authors: Zhao Yan‐Qiu , Song Xue‐Qin , Guo Wei , Jiang Cheng , Zhang Jin , Lu Meng‐Zhu 
Published: June 2024

AbstractShoot branching from axillary bud (AB) directly determines plant architecture. However, the mechanism through which AB remains dormant or emerges to form branches as plants grow remains largely unknown. Here, the auxin‐strigolactone (IAA‐SL) pathway was first shown to regulate shoot branching in poplar, and we found that PagKNAT2/6b could modulate this pathway. PagKNAT2/6b was expressed mainly in the shoot apical meristem and AB and was induced by shoot apex damage. PagKNAT2/6b overexpressing poplar plants (PagKNAT2/6b OE) exhibited multiple branches that mimicked the branching phenotype of nontransgenic plants after decapitation treatment, while compared with nontransgenic controls, PagKNAT2/6b antisense transgenic poplar and Pagknat2/6b mutant lines exhibited a significantly decreased number of branches after shoot apex damage treatment. In addition, we found that PagKNAT2/6b directly inhibits the expression of the key IAA synthesis gene PagYUC6a, which is specifically expressed in the shoot apex. Moreover, overexpression of PagYUC6a in the PagKNAT2/6b OE background reduced the number of branches after shoot apex damage treatment. Overall, we conclude that PagKNAT2/6b responds to shoot apical injury and regulates shoot branching through the IAA‐SL pathway. These findings may provide a theoretical basis and candidate genes for genetic engineering to create new forest tree species with different crown types.
Kidney Transplantation in ≤15 kg Children: Outcomes and Prognostic Indicators—A Review of the Organ Procurement and Transplantation Database
Authors: Melikian Raffi , Kwon Yong , Kohrman Nathan , Lo Mary , Emamaullee Juliet , Zielsdorf Shannon , Lestz Rachel , Sher Linda , Etesami Kambiz 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundApproximately 2500 pediatric patients are awaiting kidney transplantation in the United States, with <5% comprising those ≤15 kg. Transplant in this cohort is often delayed by center‐based growth parameters, often necessitating transplantation after the initiation of dialysis. Furthermore, prognostication remains somewhat ambiguous. In this report, we scrutinize the Organ Procurement and Transplantation Network (OPTN) data from 2001 to 2021 to help better understand specific variables impacting graft and patient outcomes in these children.MethodsThe OPTN kidney transplant dataset from 2001 to 2021 was analyzed. Inclusion criteria included age <18 years, weight ≤15 kg, and recipient of primary living donor kidney transplantation (LDKT) or deceased donor kidney transplantation (DDKT). Patient and graft survival probabilities were calculated using the Kaplan–Meier method. The Cox proportional hazards model was used to calculate hazard ratio (HR) and identify variables significantly associated with patient and graft survival.ResultsTwo thousand one hundred sixty‐eight pediatric transplant recipients met inclusion criteria. Patient survival at 1 and 3 years was 98% and 97%, respectively. Graft survival at 1 and 3 years was 95% and 92%, respectively. Dialysis was the sole significant variable impacting both patient and graft survival. Graft survival was further impacted by transplant era, recipient gender and ethnicity, and donor type. Infants transplanted at Age 1 had better graft survival compared with older children, and nephrotic syndrome was likewise associated with a better prognosis.ConclusionPediatric kidney transplantation is highly successful. The balance between preemptive transplantation, medical optimization, and satisfactory technical parameters seems to suggest a “Goldilocks zone” for many children, favoring transplantation between 1 and 2 years of age.
Feed particle size matters for the larval growth of Alphitobius diaperinus (Panzer) but not for Tenebrio molitor L. (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae)
Authors: Baliota Georgia V. , Rigopoulou Marianna , Rumbos Christos I. , Athanassiou Christos G. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe effect of the particle size of the feed on the larval growth and feed utilization parameters of two mealworm species, Alphitobius diaperinus (Panzer) and Tenebrio molitor L. (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae), was examined under laboratory conditions. Wheat bran of four different particle sizes (100–250, 500–650, 850–1000 and >2000 μm) was provided as feed to larvae of both species. The larval growth and survival, as well as time to pupation and the amount of feed consumed, were monitored to determine differences among the wheat bran particle sizes within each insect species. Our research results suggest that a finely ground feed with a particle size below 650 μm significantly impact the growth and development of A. diaperinus, as opposed to a feed containing particles larger than 850 μm. Contrariwise, the larvae of T. molitor exhibited no discernible response to the various feed particle sizes that were evaluated. Overall, it was observed that the two mealworm species did not exhibit identical responses for the tested feed particle size, suggesting that this factor is species dependent.
Efficacy of photobiomodulation therapy on pain perception reduction associated with dental anesthetic infiltration injection: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Hakimiha Neda , Amiri Pantea , Sheibani Fatemeh , Razzaghi Zahra 
Published: June 2024

AbstractDental anesthetic injections, a common source of patient discomfort, often deter individuals from seeking dental care. Recently, there has been a growing focus on photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) and its potential role in pain reduction. This systematic review explored the efficacy of PBMT in alleviating pain associated with dental anesthetic infiltration injections. A systematic literature search of different databases was performed up to December, 2023 using specific search strategy to find eligible studies that assessed the impact of PBMT on pain during local anesthesia injections. Data extraction was done based on the inclusion/exclusion criteria. A total of 13 studies, involving 972 patients were included. The studies employed various PBMT parameters, including wavelengths, and energy densities. Meta‐analyses revealed a significant reduction in pain with PBMT compared to controls (MD = −0.90, 95% CI: −1.36 to −0.44, and p = 0.0001), with notable heterogeneity (I2 = 91.79%). Stratified analyses by age demonstrated consistent pain reduction in both adults (MD = −0.59, 95% CI: −1.11 to −0.08, and p < 0.0001) and children (MD = −0.59, 95% CI: −1.11 to −0.08, and p = 0.025). In conclusion, it seems that PBMT using infrared diode lasers can effectively reduce injection pain in both pediatric and adult populations. Further research should focus on optimizing PBMT parameters for enhanced pain management during dental procedures.
Sustained remission induced by 2 years of treatment with benralizumab in patients with severe eosinophilic asthma and nasal polyposis
Authors: Pelaia Corrado , Crimi Claudia , Benfante Alida , Caiaffa Maria Filomena , Campisi Raffaele , Candia Claudio , Carpagnano Giovanna Elisiana , Carrieri Isabella , D'Amato Maria , Detoraki Aikaterini , Barbaro Maria Pia Foschino , Lombardo Nicola , Macchia Luigi , Maglio Angelantonio , Minenna Elena , Nolasco Santi , Paglino Giuseppe , Papia Francesco , Ricciardi Luisa , Scichilone Nicola , Scioscia Giulia , Spadaro Giuseppe , Tondo Pasquale , Uletta Lionetti Simona , Valenti Giuseppe , Vatrella Alessandro , Crimi Nunzio , Pelaia Girolamo 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackground and ObjectiveSeveral randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have shown that benralizumab is characterized by a good profile of efficacy and safety, thereby being potentially able to elicit clinical remission on‐treatment of severe eosinophilic asthma (SEA). The main goal of this multicentre observational study was to verify the effectiveness of benralizumab in inducing a sustained remission on‐treatment of SEA in patients with or without comorbid chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP).MethodsThroughout 2 years of treatment with benralizumab, a four‐component evaluation of sustained remission of SEA was performed, including the assessment of SEA exacerbations, use of oral corticosteroids (OCSs), symptom control and lung function.ResultsThe present study recruited 164 patients suffering from SEA. After 24 months of add‐on biological therapy with benralizumab, 69 (42.1%) achieved the important target of sustained remission on‐treatment (exacerbation rate = 0, OCS dose = 0, pre‐bronchodilator FEV1 ≥80% pred., ACT score ≥ 20). During the same period, a persistent improvement of CRSwNP (SNOT‐22 < 30, NP recurrence = 0) was observed in 33 (40.2%) out of 82 subjects with concomitant NP. The latter comorbidity and post‐bronchodilator reversibility of airflow limitation were two independent predictors of sustained remission on‐treatment (OR = 2.32, p < 0.05 and OR = 5.59, p < 0.01, respectively).ConclusionTaken together, the results of this real‐life clinical investigation indicate that benralizumab can induce a sustained remission on‐treatment of SEA, especially in those patients with comorbid CRSwNP and reversible airflow limitation.image
Evidence and uncertainty: An info‐gap analysis of uncertainty‐augmenting evidence
Authors: Ben‐Haim Yakov 
Published: June 2024

AbstractDecisions in many disciplines are based on understanding and evidence. More evidence is better than less when it enhances the decision‐maker's understanding. This is achieved by reducing uncertainty confronting the decision‐maker and reducing the potential for misunderstanding and failure. However, some evidence may actually augment uncertainty by revealing prior error or ignorance. True evidence that augments uncertainty is important because it identifies inadequacies of current understanding and may suggest directions for rectifying this. True evidence that reduces uncertainty may simply reconfirm or strengthen prior understanding. Uncertainty‐augmenting evidence, when it is true, can support the expansion of one's previously incomplete understanding. A dilemma arises because both reduction and enhancement of uncertainty can be beneficial, and both are not simultaneously possible on the same issue. That is, uncertainty can be either pernicious or propitious. Info‐gap theory provides a response. The info‐gap robustness function enables protection against pernicious uncertainty by inhibiting failure. The info‐gap opportuneness function enables exploitation of propitious uncertainty by facilitating wonderful windfall outcomes. The dilemma of uncertainty‐augmenting evidence is that robustness and opportuneness are in conflict; a decision that enhances one, worsens the other. This antagonism between robustness and opportuneness—between protecting against pernicious uncertainty and exploiting propitious uncertainty—is characterized in a generic proposition and corollary. These results are illustrated in an example of allocation of limited resources.
Improved insomnia is one pathway underlying the anti‐suicidal properties of clozapine
Authors: Vayalapalli Ankita , McCall William V. , McEvoy Joseph P. , Miller Brian J. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundInsomnia is common in schizophrenia and associated with suicide. Clozapine has anti‐suicidal properties and beneficial effects on sleep. Whether effects on insomnia mediate the anti‐suicidal properties of clozapine remains unclear.MethodsIn n = 76 patients from the Clinical Antipsychotic Trials of intervention effectiveness schizophrenia trial using a within‐subjects design, we investigated whether improvement in terminal insomnia was associated with improvement in suicidal ideation (SI) after treatment with non‐clozapine antipsychotics, and then after treatment with clozapine, using binary logistic regression. Terminal insomnia and SI over the past 2 weeks were assessed before and after both non‐clozapine antipsychotic and clozapine treatment with the Calgary Depression Scale for Schizophrenia.ResultsThere was no association between improved terminal insomnia and resolution of SI after treatment with non‐clozapine antipsychotics (OR = 0.2, 95% CI 0.0–9.0, p = 0.41). In the same patients, improved terminal insomnia was associated with resolution of SI after clozapine treatment (OR = 14.6, 95% CI 1.7–129.2, p = 0.02).ConclusionsImproved terminal insomnia is associated with improved SI following clozapine treatment. Findings warrant replication in a larger sample with standard instruments in the assessment of insomnia and suicide, but suggest beneficial effects on sleep as a mediator of the anti‐suicidal properties of clozapine. Future mechanistic studies are also needed.
Comparison of biosimilar filgrastim and originator filgrastim for peripheral blood stem cell mobilization for allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
Authors: Shahzad Moazzam , Amin Muhammad Kashif , Bellman Polina , Al‐Ramahi Joe , Noor Jawad , Vyas Abhinav , Mahmoudjafari Zahra , McGuirk Matthew , DeJarnette Shaun , Ahmed Nausheen , Abdallah Al‐Ola , Shune Leyla , Singh Anurag K. , McGuirk Joseph P. , Abhyankar Sunil , Mushtaq Muhammad Umair 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundNivestym, a biosimilar granulocyte colony‐stimulating factor (G‐CSF) to the originator filgrastim (Neupogen), is now being used for the mobilization of peripheral blood stem cells (PBSC) in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo‐HSCT). We aim to compare the efficacy of Nivestym and Neupogen for PBSC mobilization in healthy allogeneic donors.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective single‐center study including 541 adult allo‐HSCT donors receiving Nivestym (January 2013–July 2020), or Neupogen (July 2020–June 2023) for donor PBSC mobilization. Bivariate analysis was conducted using SPSS version 28. Statistical significance was determined at a p‐value <.05.ResultsOur study included 541 allo‐HSCT donors who received Neupogen (n = 345, 64%) or Nivestym (n = 196, 36%) for PBSC mobilization. The median age was 47 years (range 17–76). The median donor weight was 86 kg (95% confidence interval [CI]: 87–91). Donors receiving Neupogen had similar pre‐G‐CSF white blood cell count, CD34+ percentages, and circulating CD34+ count compared with donors receiving Nivestym. The Neupogen group had similar median PBSC product total neutrophil count, CD34+ percentage, absolute CD34+ count, and infused CD34+ dose compared with the Nivestym group. For donors aged 35 years or younger, the median CD34+ dose was higher in donors who received Neupogen compared with Nivestym (6.9 vs. 6.3 million cells/kg, p = .044).ConclusionsNivestym demonstrated similar efficacy for PBSC mobilization compared with Neupogen among allo‐HSCT donors. In donors aged 35 years or younger, a slightly lower PBSC product CD34+ count was noted with Nivestym compared with Neupogen.
Topological recursion for Kadomtsev–Petviashvili tau functions of hypergeometric type
Authors: Bychkov Boris , Dunin‐Barkowski Petr , Kazarian Maxim , Shadrin Sergey 
Published: June 2024

AbstractWe study the ‐point differentials corresponding to Kadomtsev–Petviashvili (KP) tau functions of hypergeometric type (also known as Orlov–Scherbin partition functions), with an emphasis on their ‐deformations and expansions. Under the naturally required analytic assumptions, we prove certain higher loop equations that, in particular, contain the standard linear and quadratic loop equations, and thus imply the blobbed topological recursion. We also distinguish two large families of the Orlov–Scherbin partition functions that do satisfy the natural analytic assumptions, and for these families, we prove in addition the so‐called projection property and thus the full statement of the Chekhov–Eynard–Orantin topological recursion. A particular feature of our argument is that it clarifies completely the role of ‐deformations of the Orlov–Scherbin parameters for the partition functions, whose necessity was known from a variety of earlier obtained results in this direction but never properly understood in the context of topological recursion. As special cases of the results of this paper, one recovers new and uniform proofs of the topological recursion to all previously studied cases of enumerative problems related to weighted double Hurwitz numbers. By virtue of topological recursion and the Grothendieck–Riemann–Roch formula, this, in turn, gives new and uniform proofs of almost all Ekedahl–Lando–Shapiro–Vainshtein (ELSV)‐type formulas discussed in the literature.