bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Clinical-Mycological Study of Dermatophytosis in Western India with Focus on Antifungal Drug Resistance as a Factor in Recalcitrance
Authors: Shah Shikha R. , Vyas Harshita R. , Shah Bela J. , Jangid Neha C. , Choudhary Ankita , Gehlawat Tarun , Mistry Deval , Joshi Rutu 
Published: May 2024

Background:
Dermatophytosis have assumed epidemic proportions in India. Antifungal drug resistance solely cannot explain disease magnitude and changing epidemiology.

Objectives:
Aim of this study was to analyse clinical-mycological aspects of dermatophytosis, and estimate contribution of drug resistance in clinical recalcitrance.

Methods:
This single-centre observational, cross-sectional, descriptive study was done in tertiary centre of western India after ethical approval, enrolling dermatophytosis patients of all ages and sex. After history and examination, KOH mount and culture in modified SDA medium was done. Culture positive isolates were subjected to E-strip antifungal susceptibility method to test MIC for Terbinafine, Itraconazole, Fluconazole and Griseofulvin.

Results:
Total 300 patients were included, with mean age of 33.83±27.5 years and male-to-female ratio of 1.22:1; tinea corporis et cruris being commonest, 39.33% (n=118). Only 11.67% (n=35) were treatment naïve, having classical annular morphology. History of topical steroid abuse was found in 81.67% (n=245), with pseudoimbricate lesions in 70.61% (n=173). 86.67% (n=260) had KOH positivity while 83.33% (n=250) had culture positivity: Trichophyton mentagrophytes 45.6% (n=114), followed by Trichophyton rubrum in 34.4% (n=86). A total of 265 patients fit into definition of recalcitrance, from which 12.45%, i.e., 33 isolates showed in-vitro fluconazole resistance. 14.33% (n=43) cases were chronic, 37% (n=111) persistent, 46% (n=138) recurrent while 17% (n=51) had relapse in their disease course. Steroid abuse was the commonest denominator.

Conclusion:
Role of antifungal resistance in recalcitrant dermatophytosis remains debatable. Stopping steroid abuse, which is often the commonest culprit, with adherence to standard antifungal therapy remains the paradigm in management.
Assessment of Antimicrobial Efficacy of Triphala, Neem, and Chlorhexidine Root Canal Irrigants
Authors: Mohanty Saumyakanta , Nanda Soumyaranjan , Das Abhaya Chandra , Sahoo Nihar Ranjan , Sahany Subrat Kumar , Panda Saurav , Sahoo Rashmita 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
Complete eradication of microorganisms from the root canal and three-dimensional obturation of the canal space are necessary for a successful root canal therapy. In root canal failures, Enterococcus faecalis is the most often detected bacterium. Microorganisms can be eliminated with the aid of chemical irrigation.

Objectives:
The current research was conducted to evaluate the antimicrobial effect of triphala, neem, and chlorhexidine root canal irrigants.

Materials and Method:
Mueller-Hinton agar plates were inoculated with the E. faecalis (ATCC) bacterial culture after it had been cultured overnight in brain heart infusion (BHI) broth. Agar well diffusion was used to measure antibacterial inhibition. After being introduced to their appropriate wells in agar plates, the three research irrigants were incubated for 24 hours at 37°C. Every well’s bacterial inhibition zone was noted. After tabulating the results, statistical analysis was done.

Result:
When triphala and A. indica extract (neem) were added to chlorhexidine, the highest inhibitory zone against E. faecalis was observed.

Conclusion:
The herbal remedy triphala and the extract from A. indica exhibited an inhibitory zone when tested against E. faecalis. As a result, these irrigants might be utilized as a substitute for root canal irrigants.
Evaluation of Ocular Complications in Intraoral Local Anesthesia
Authors: Sandhu Rameet , Sikarwar Vikas , Ojha Sushil , Upadhyay Dushyant , Singh Anshdeep , Sharma Shweta 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
The most significant medications in dentistry are local anesthetics, and intraoral local anesthesia is arguably the most used dental procedure. However, complications have also been reported.

Aim:
Evaluation of ocular complications in intraoral anesthesia.

Materials and Methods:
It was a prospective study involving 2,400 patients undergoing different dental procedures that were performed under intraoral local anesthesia over a 12-month period. There was a thorough ocular evaluation of all patients by ophthalmologist before and after the administration of intraoral local anesthesia.

Results:
There were different types of ocular complications reported including accommodation disturbance, amaurosis, diplopia, enophthalmos, miosis, mydriasis, ophthalmoplegia, and ptosis. The most common ocular complication was diplopia contributing 40.1% of all ocular complications. It was followed by ptosis (16.9%), mydriasis (14.9%), and amaourosis (13.2%).

Conclusion:
The most common ocular complication in intraoral local anesthesia was diplopia.
Evaluation of Correlation Between Development of Multiple Cracks in Nonendodontically Treated Tooth and Placement of Dental Implants with Prosthesis
Authors: Sandhu Rameet , Gandhi Pankaj , Joshi Ankur , Mahar Vertika , Singh Gaurav , Grover Sheetal 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
The result of increased occlusal stresses might be fractures in the teeth. It is still unclear how possible risk factors may affect the occurrence of tooth cracks after dental implants with prostheses in nonendodontically restored teeth.

Aim:
To evaluate the correlation of dental implants with prostheses as a risk factor for the development of cracks in teeth restored nonendodontically.

Materials and Methods:
Records of 414 patients with 570 teeth who underwent tooth restoration nonendodontically were obtained. The data was obtained regarding the number of implants with prostheses placed before the diagnosis of cracks in nonendodontically treated teeth, the time interval between placement of dental implants, and appearance of cracks in teeth, location of dental implants with respect to cracked tooth.

Results:
Cracks in tooth was observed in 160 teeth out of 570 teeth evaluated (28.07%) and 144 patients out of 414 patients (34.78%). It was observed that out of 160 teeth with cracks, 66 teeth (41.25%) had cracks after placement of dental implants with prosthesis.

Conclusion:
Placement of a dental implant with a prosthesis can be a risk factor for appearing cracks in teeth treated nonendodontically.
Psychophysical and cognitive adverse effects of smart phones overuse on children and adolescent
Authors: Muhammed Noorjan Abdullah , Taha Mufeed Akram 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background:
The excessive use of smartphones is seen as a source of child and adolescent violence and probably impacts cognitive function. As the world of mobile phones are continuously evolving, the violence factor is an endless argument. Smart mobile can cause problems other than violence which might be physical, cognitive, or psychological.

Objectives:
The study aims to clarify the dangers of smartphones overuse on psychophysical and cognitive function.

Materials and Methods:
A prospective follow-up study was conducted that included 100 children. A convenient sample of participants and their parents were interviewed directly and were asked about their children’s smart phones habit, causes of cellular phone overuse, school performance. Participants behavior was assessed by Modified overt aggression scale, whereas cognitive function by Montreal Cognitive Assessment test was done in 1, 6, and 12 months interval.

Results:
50% of participants used smartphones for more than 3 hours per day, as well as most of the cases who used smartphones for a longer duration were children (25%) as compared to other age groups, children used smartphones mainly for violent and nonviolent games than in social applications, excessive mobile phone usage for more than 3 hours daily associated with significant health problems like neck pain (68%), headache (52.1%), eye tearing (51%), sleep problems (47.6%), and backache (47.1%). Children and adolescents who used smartphones for less than 1 hour daily show an increment in their scores, whereas those who used smartphones for more than 1 hour daily gradually decreased their scores with the time used.

Conclusion:
Smartphone overuse had a significant impact on behavior, school performance, and cognitive function.
Detection of new single nucleotide polymorphisms in plasma cells carcinoma (myeloma) by polymerase chain reaction–single strand conformation polymorphism and sequencing technical methods
Authors: Obayes Sarah K , Enayah Sabah H , Al-Oubaidy Shaimaa A , Ghaleb Rana A 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background:
MicroRNA (miRNA) is a short, single-stranded, non-coding sequence of RNA that does not translate into proteins. Because of their ability to control gene expression, recent studies have shown that these short, non-coding sequences play an important role in cancer. So that, detection the polymorphisms or variants in miRNA genes may help to identify their correlation to cancer susceptibility.

Objectives:
Study the polymorphisms in miRNA genes or variants miRNA genes and their correlation with myeloma disease.

Materials and Methods:
Twenty samples were collected from people who visited Marjan Hospital in Province of Babylon, Iraq, from February to July 2022. In addition, 20 samples from healthy people were collected as control. Genotyping of miRNA was accomplished using the polymorphism techniques of polymerase chain reaction and single strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP). DNA sequencing was also applied to categorize all the ranges of SSCP models detected using only gel imaging.

Results:
The genotypes obtained in this experiment verified that several single nucleotide polymorphisms were obtained between 5-band and 6-band miRNA National center for biotechnology information Primer3 plus reference.

Conclusion:
The results explain that the miRNA gene polymorphisms may have correlation with the susceptibility to myeloma disease.
Detection of uterine abnormalities using three-dimensional vaginal ultrasound in infertile women undergoing assisted reproductive techniques
Authors: Hussaini Huda Ali , Gatea Asmaa Kadhim , Al-Shaikh Suhaila F 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background:
Uterine shape and cavity abnormalities form a common cause of subfertility, for which thorough assessment is considered as a core part in infertility evaluation. A variety of modalities (invasive and none invasive) such as hysterosalpingography, transvaginal sonography, diagnostic hysteroscopy, two-dimensional hysterosonography, and three-dimensional hysterosonography can be used for the diagnosis of uterine abnormalities.

Objectives:
To address the detection rate of uterine and endometrial abnormalities in infertile women undergoing assisted reproductive techniques (ART) using three-dimensional vaginal ultrasonography.

Materials and Methods:
A cross-sectional observational study that involved 211 subfertile women who were arranged to undergo ART for different causes of infertility. After taking their verbal consent for participation in this study, all women examined by 2D vaginal U/S for initial assessment of their pelvic anatomy then followed by three-dimensional U/S with or without saline infusion for further assessment of the uterine and endometrial cavity morphology. Women with ultrasound detected endometrial abnormalities further underwent hysteroscopic assessment, histopathological specimens were taken and were treated as recommended by their gynecologist.

Results:
Twenty-two percent of the studied group discovered to have uterine and/or endometrial abnormalities including endometrial polyps and uterine myomas are the most commonly detected abnormalities while congenital uterine malformation detected in 3.8% of the total patients using three-dimensional ultrasonography.

Conclusion:
Uterine and endometrial abnormalities are common in subfertile patients, the prevalence of uterine and endometrial abnormalities (endometrial polyps or irregularities, uterine myomas including submucous one) was 22%, whereas congenitally maldeveloped uteri were detected in 3.8% of women undergoing ART (using 3D U/S) which may have a negative impact on ART outcome.
KEPATUHAN DIET PADA PASIEN PENDERITA DIABETES MELLITUS DI RUMAH SAKIT BALIMBINGAN
Authors: Sitopu Selli Dosriani , Diansa Tika , Saragih Rosita 
Published: May 2024

Diabetes merupakan suatu kondisi terjadinya kenaikan kadar gula didalam darah karena tubuh tidak dapat menghasilkan atau ketidak mampuantubuh menggunakan insulin untuk merubah gula dalam darah. Diet merupakan terapi utama pada penderita diabetes mellitus untuk mencegah terjadi komplikasi, akutmau pun kronis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggambarkan Kepatuhan Pelaksanaan Diet pada Penderita DM di Rumah Sakit Balimbingan. Desain penelitian ini adalah deskriptif yaitu menggambarkan kepatuhan pelaksanaan diet Diabetes Mellitus di Rumah Sakit Balimbingan dengan mengamati data-data sampel satu kali saja (cross sectional).Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Rumah Sakit Balimbingan. Populasi penelitian ini adalah seluruh pasien dengan diagnose Diabetes Melitus, besarsampel ditentukan berdasarkan rata-rata jumlah pasien perbulan yaitu sebesar 44 orang. Teknik pengambilan sampel accidental sampling, temuan penelitian disajikan dalam distribusi frekuensi yaitu mayoritas usia 40-55 tahun yaitu 31 orang (70,5%), jenis kelamin perempuan sebanyak 28 orang (63,6%), pendidikan SD yaitu 29 orang (65,9%), status perkawinan menikah yaitu 39 orang (88,6%), Pekerjaanmayoritasibu rumah tangga yaitu 20 orang (45,5%).Kepatuhanpelaksanaan Diet DM mayoritaskategori patuh sebanyak 32 (72.5%). Kepatuhan pelaksanaan Diet DM dapat mencegah komplika siakut maupun kronis. Diharapakan Rumah Sakit Balimbingan memberikan edukasi kepada pasiendan keluarga berupa leaflet, brosur yang berisitentang diet DM yang dapat dibagikan kepada pasien untuk dibawa pulang.
IMPLEMENTASI PEMBELAJARAN BERBASIS HOTS GUNA MENINGKATKAN SEMANGAT BELAJAR	SISWA DI SMK NEGERI 1 LAHUSA, KABUPATEN NIAS SELATAN
Authors: Telaumbanua Serli Susanti , Purba Raja Singa Leo , Halawa Yulianus 
Published: May 2024

Pembelajaran berbasis HOTS merupakan tantangan dunia pendiidikan pada saat ini, yang tuntutan kemampuan bagi para pendidik. Dalam penelitian ini menunjukkan sejauh mana dampakkemampuan belajar siswa dengan penerapan pembelajaran berbasis HOTS pada siswa SMK Negeri 1 Lahusa. Pembelajaran HOTS merupakan cara untuk merangsang kemampuan siswa dalam berpikir kritis, logis, reflektif, metakognitif, kreatif dan berpikir tingkat tinggi. Dalam penelitian ini, peneliti akan memadukan model Pembelajaran Berbasis Masalah (PBL) dengan materi HOTS dalam meningkatkan capaian pembelajaran khususnya pada materi Kegiatan Ekonomi.
Improving Students' Writing Skills Using Brainstorming at SMP Muhammadiyah 2 Taman
Authors: Elanda Natasha , Novita Dian 
Published: May 2024

The present study is quantitative research to find out writing skills of the student in descriptive text using brainstorming in the ninth-grade of SMP Muhammadiyah 2 Taman. The components that were analyzed in the descriptive text written by the students were the content of the descriptive text, grammar, and vocabulary. The participants of this research are 25 students in ninth-grade at SMP Muhammadiyah 2 Taman. The aim of this study is to determine whether there is any significance in brainstorming on the descriptive text of writing skills at SMP Muhammadiyah 2 Taman. The result of the study shows that there is a significant effect of brainstorming on the students’ writing achievement. Brainstorming could be an alternative for teaching writing, especially for helping students to learn more about the content, grammar, and vocabulary.
Penerapan Hybrid Learning Pada Motivasi Belajar Siswa Kelas 2A SD Islam Sari Bumi Sidoarjo
Authors: Naaziyah Zumrotun , Wati Tri Linggo 
Published: May 2024

Artikel penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan penerapan hybrid learning pada motivasi belajar siswa serta menjelaskan bagaimana motivasi belajar siswa dalam penerapan hybrid learning. Metode yang digunakan yaitu metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan fenomenologi. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas 2A yang telah dikategorikan sesuai dengan tingkat prestasi yaitu rendah, sedang, dan tinggi. Teknik pengumpulan data meliputi observasi, wawancara, dokumentasi, dan angket. Keabsahan data menggunakan triangulasi teknik dengan alasan dilakukan cara mengecek data kepada sumber yang sama dengan teknik yang berbeda. Penerapan hybrid learning ini terbukti dapat meningkatkan motivasi belajar siswa dalam mengikuti pembelajaran. Hal ini terlihat dari munculnya indikator-indikator motivasi belajar siswa di kelas setelah dilakukannya pembelajaran hybrid learning. Siswa terlihat bersemangat, penuh perhatian,bersungguh-sungguh dalam belajar serta aktif berdiskusi dan mencari tambahan materi melalui internet.
Screening, Brief Intervention, and Referral to Treatment Plus (SBIRT–Plus): A Novel Interprofessional Training for Rehabilitation Science Professional Students
Authors: Stover Alyson D. , Beck Kelly B. , Mitchell Ann M. , Kameg Brayden , Lindsay Dawn L. , Terhorst Lauren 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Importance: With the increasing amount of substance use–related health conditions in the United States, it is important for rehabilitation science professionals to receive screening and prevention training.
Objective: To describe and examine the preliminary effectiveness of a novel educational program, Screening, Brief Intervention, and Referral to Treatment Plus (SBIRT–Plus), that combines traditional SBIRT training with new modules for cannabis, stimulant, and opioid use.
Design: Prospective, cohort design.
Setting: Academic institution.
Participants: One hundred eighty-one rehabilitation science graduate students.
Intervention: SBIRT–Plus curriculum.
Outcomes and Measures: Outcomes included satisfaction with training, perception of interprofessional training, attitudes, knowledge, and stigma, as assessed with the Readiness for Interprofessional Learning Scale, Alcohol and Alcohol Problems Perception Questionnaire, Drug and Drug Problems Perception Questionnaire, Knowledge Screening Scale, and two stigma instruments.
Results: Most students (&gt;80%) expressed satisfaction with their training, would recommend the training to a colleague, and believed that the training would influence and change the way they practiced with patients at risk for substance use disorders. Students’ attitudes and knowledge increased from pre- to post-training, and stigma perceptions were significantly reduced.
Conclusions and Relevance: SBIRT–Plus is an evidence-based interprofessional training that is feasible to implement in graduate-level education programs. Integrating SBIRT–Plus into professional graduate programs may be an optimal and low-cost model for training rehabilitation health care professionals.
Plain-Language Summary: Screening, Brief Intervention, and Referral to Treatment Plus (SBIRT–Plus) is an evidence-based interprofessional training that can be easily adopted in curricula to train professional students about the importance of screening for substance use disorders.
KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDE AND PRACTICES OF CARE GIVERS OF CHILDREN BELOW FIVE YEARS TOWARDS IMMUNIZATION AT NDEJJE HEALTH CENTRE IV, WAKISO DISTRICT. A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY.
Authors: KAVUMA SHAFIK , ORISHABA GLORIOUS 
Published: May 2024

Background
Immunization is an important tool for controlling and eliminating life-threatening infectious diseases and is estimated to prevent between 2 and 3 million deaths each year. The study aims to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practices of caregivers of children below five years towards immunization at Ndejje Health Centre iv, Wakiso District.
Methodology
A descriptive cross-sectional study design using a quantitative approach to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of mothers/caregivers towards immunization of children below five years.
Results
Most of the respondents had the required knowledge and right attitudes that were sufficient to inform their practice towards immunization. The majority (55%) knew all the Immunizeble diseases and few respondents did not know any of the Immunizable diseases (15%). (53%) accepted that immunization protects children against deadly diseases while (47%) denied that it does not protect children against deadly diseases. (74%) accepted that immunization is important against a few (26%) who denied that immunization is not important. (60%) had immunized all their children while (40%) had not immunized all of their children. As per the immunization schedule where (80%) had not immunized their children as per the immunization schedule and (20%) had immunized their children as per the immunization schedule.
Conclusion
Married women/caregivers, professional mothers/ caregivers, and as well as male children were found to be statistically significant predictors of maternal/caregivers toward childhood immunization. The child’s sex (male) and married women/caregivers showed statistical significance with mothers'/caretakers’ attitudes towards childhood immunization.
Recommendation
Public health education should be intensified to improve the knowledge, attitude, and practice of mothers/caregivers on childhood immunization. Continuous professional development sessions should also be provided to health service providers in hospitals to properly deliver to shape the knowledge and attitude of caregivers.
ĐÁNH GIÁ KẾT QUẢ PHẪU THUẬT XUẤT HUYẾT NÃO Ở BỆNH NHÂN ĐỘT QUỴ TẠI TRUNG TÂM ĐỘT QUỴ BỆNH VIỆN ĐA KHOA TỈNH PHÚ THỌ
Authors: Nguyễn Quang Ân , Nguyễn Huy Ngọc 
Published: May 2024

Mục tiêu: Đánh giá kết quả phẫu thuật xuất huyết não ở bệnh nhân đột quỵ tại Trung tâm Đột quỵ não Bệnh viện Đa khoa tỉnh Phú Thọ. Đối tượng và phương pháp: Nghiên cứu mô tả 52 ca bệnh được chẩn đoán xuất huyết não do đột quỵ và được phẫu phẫu thuật tại bệnh viện đa khoa tỉnh phú thọ từ 1/2023 - 12/2023. Không phân biệt tuổi, giới. Điểm hôn mê Glasgow từ 5 diểm đến 12 điểm. Loại trừ xuất huyết não do u não, dị dạng mạch máu não. Kết quả: Tuổi trung bình: 62.25 ± 16.23. Thời gian đến nhập viên sớm nhất chiếm 62.0% trước 6 giờ. Thấp nhất khoảng thời gian 6-12 giờ chiếm 5.7%. Tỷ lệ kích thước khối máu tụ < 30gr trong nhóm vị trí XHN chiếm 4/52 trường hợp chiếm tỷ lệ 7.7%. Cao nhất khối máu tụ 40-50gr chiếm 30.8%. Tử vong trong và sau ra viện 1 tháng: 5.8 (%). Tàn tật mức độ nặng chiếm tỷ lệ 15.3% ở vùng thái dương. Kết luận: Can thiệp phẫu thuật có vai trò quan trọng trong điều trị XHN do đột quỵ não. Chỉ định phẫu thuật dựa vào hội chứng chèn ép não và toàn trạng bệnh nhân và ý chí của gia đình.