bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spontaneous venous pulsation revisited ‐ relevance to glaucoma?
Authors: PINTO LA 
Published: August 2012

AbstractPurpose Purpose: Address the clinical significance of spontaneous venous pulsation (SVP) assessment in glaucoma patients.Methods Methods: Review of the existing literature on the subject, including own published data. Emphasis on studies that have analyzed this phenomenon using OBF studying technologies.Results Results: Threshold conditions for SVP detection are different in healthy and in glaucoma patients. The variables involved in SVP generation may have a different threshold in normal tension glaucoma (NTG) than the one seen in primary open‐angle glaucoma (POAG) patients. Hemodynamic patterns in POAG reveal a selective venous disturbance in patients lacking SVP, while NTG patients have both arterial and venous changes in their central retinal vessels. Clinically, patients with NTG without a visible SVP have a higher functional damage than their SVP‐positive counterparts.Conclusion Conclusions: The lack of SVP in NTG patients may not only represent a more advanced condition, but also both an arterial and venous dysregulation. More studies are needed to validate these findings.
From retinal venous pressure to intra‐cranial pressure in glaucoma
Authors: JONAS JB 
Published: August 2012

AbstractThe blood pressure in the central retinal vein is supposed to be at last as high as the orbital cererbospinal fluid pressure (CSF‐P) plus a hypothetical trans lamina cribrosa outflow resistance‐related pressure. The central retinal vein pressure can non‐invasively be estimated by modified ophthalmodynamometry. The talk will present results of clinical studies in which ophthalmodynamometry was used to estimate the orbital (and intracranial) CSF‐P and to estimate the orbital tissue poressure. The findings could be helpful for the discussion whether an abnormally low CSF‐P is associated with glaucomatous optic neuropathy
Aflibercept in clinical practice: Evaluation of the first 50 patients treated with antiVEGF trap for age‐related macular degeneration
Authors: BARBAZETTO I , SORENSON J , ENGELBERT M 
Published: August 2012

AbstractPurpose To evaluate the short‐term outcomes after intravitreal aflibercept (Eylea; Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc.) injection in a general clinic population treated for neovascular age‐related macular degeneration (AMD).Methods This is aretrospective chart review of consecutive patients who received intravitreal aflibercept injection for AMD. The main outcome measures were mean visual acuity (VA), central macular thickness, presence of subretinal fluid, cystic changes and pigment epithelial detachment on optical coherence tomography (OCT).Results Sixty‐three eyes of 52 patients (mean age 81.2, range 59‐98years) were evaluated. Mean baseline visual acuity was 0.79 LogMar (STDEV 0.43)at baseline and 0.66 at follow‐up(STDEV 0.48) (P = 0.43). Mean follow‐up was 1 to 4 month (average 1.7). Mean baseline central macular thickness was 352 microns and improved to 257 microns at 3 months (P < 0.001) in patients who had at least 3 months of follow up. 39 patients (75%) were treated with monthly injections, the remaining patients were treated based on a “treat and extend” protocol. Treatment was well tolerated with no adverse events reported.Conclusion Short‐term results of aflibercept therapy showed encouraging results with improvement in OCT parameters. Patients who underwent antiVEGF treatment with other medications prior the use of aflibercept may stabilize but not further improve after short‐term treatment with aflibercept. Further studies are needed to assess the effect of aflibercept in patients who are not treatment naïve.
Retrospective analysis of the real‐world utilization of ranibizumab in wAMD
Authors: TADAYONI R , HOLZ F , HEAH TGH , HELDNER S , THE AURA STEERING COMMITTEE FOR 
Published: August 2012

AbstractPurpose With monthly ranibizumab treatment for wet AMD (wAMD), optimal functional outcomes are achieved. To reduce management burdens, as‐needed dosing regimens have been explored. AURA study examines real‐world utilization of ranibizumab.Methods Retrospective, international (Canada, France, Germany, Ireland, Italy, Netherlands, UK, Venezuela), non‐interventional, observational study. Target enrollment is 444 patients per country and will be completed by September 2012. Consecutive AMD patients prescribed ranibizumab by their physicians will be included, with a follow‐up period of up to 2.5 years. Primary outcomes are (1) change in visual acuity and (2) resource utilization (number of treatment and monitoring visits, treatment use). Descriptive statistics will be used.Results Results for Germany are already available: 916 patients from 28 sites were screened. Of these, 462 (50.4%) were not enrolled. The reasons (not mutually exclusive) included no written informed consent (n=349), consent obtained after target patient number reached (n=68), use of non‐conventional interventions (n=21), ranibizumab use did not start between January‐August 2009 (n=23), and no wAMD diagnosis (n=6). Of the 454 enrolled, 437 (96.3%) received ≥1 ranibizumab dose. Of the 437, most were women (n=260, 59.5%), Caucasian (n=368, 84.2%), and initiated treatment at ≥75 years of age (n=304, 69.6%). Mean age was 79.2±8.1 years.Conclusion These data will provide valuable insight into resource utilization patterns and their effects on visual outcome in various ranibizumab‐treated wAMD patient populations.
Commercial interest
Cutaneous and ocular signs of childhood rosacea
Authors: MORTEMOUSQUE B 
Published: August 2012

AbstractPurpose To describe the clinical features of cutaneous and ocular manifestations of childhood rosacea, to propose diagnostic criteria, and to emphasize the possible severity of ocular complications in this age group.Methods Children aged 1 to 15 years who had received a diagnosis of cutaneous and/or ocular rosacea and were seen between January 1, 1996, and December 31, 2011.Results Of 20 patients, 11 had ocular and cutaneous rosacea, 6 had isolated cutaneous involvement, and 3 had isolated ocular involvement. Dermatologic examination results were sufficient to diagnose rosacea in 12 of the patients (60%). The most common presentation was a papulopustular eruption on a telangiectatic background. In 11 patients (55%), ocular involvement preceded the skin eruption. Among the ophthalmologic manifestations, chalazions and blepharoconjunctivitis were the main presenting symptoms; keratitis was observed in 4 patients and corneal ulcers in 2. Ten patients were treated with oral metronidazole. Intermittent treatment for at least 3 months was used to avoid neurologic toxic effects and to achieve complete remission.Conclusion Although rare, childhood rosacea should be recognized because of the possible severity of ocular involvement.
Congenital orbital teratoma
Authors: ROSNER M , FABIAN ID , PRIEL A , FRIDMAN E , GREENBERG G , ROSEN N 
Published: August 2012

AbstractPurpose Congenital orbital teratoma is a rare tumor, composed of all three germ cell layers. The purpose is to present a case with congenital orbital teratoma, and discuss the clinical and histological characteristics of the tumor.Methods Case report of a newborn girl that had a protrusion of the right globe. Imaging disclosed a big intraorbital lesion and capillary hemangioma was suspected, but treatment with propranolol had no effect during 4 months. At the age of 5 months acute progression of the proptosis developed with enlargement of the orbital mass as seen on MRI, pressing on the optic nerve. She underwent surgery and the lesion was removed completely using a cryo‐probe.Results The pathologic diagnosis was orbital teratoma including cysts filled with keratin, hair follicles, glands, bone, cartilage, epithelium and neuronal‐brain tissue. On follow‐up examination there was no proptosis but some limitation of ocular movements was seen one month after surgery.Conclusion In order to diagnose clinically orbital teratoma, a high index of suspicion is needed. Surgical excision is the treatment of choice. Early detection and treatment is important in order to prevent mechanical destruction of adjacent tissues.
Incidence of tears and retinal detachments after macular surgery according to the depression of the vitrectomy cutter
Authors: BERROD JP , SELTON J , CONART JB , HUBERT I 
Published: August 2012

AbstractPurpose To study the incidence of tears and rhegmatogenous retinal detachments (RD) after macular surgery, according to the vacuum settings during vitrectomy.Methods Comparative retrospective study of rhegmatogenous complications occurring during and after vitrectomy between 2 groups of consecutive patients. Group G400, included 1432 eyes vitrectomized with a maximum flow set at 4 ml / min and a maximum vacuum at 400 mm Hg. Group G230 included 434 eyes operated with the same flow rate with vacuum limited at 230 mm Hg. All patients were operated between November 2000 and June 2010, by two experienced surgeons.Results The incidence of tears observed during surgery was 5.1 % for G400, versus 3 % for G230 (p = 0.01). The incidence of postoperative RD was 3.2 % for G400, versus 1.2 % for G230 (p = 0.02). The mean duration before the occurrence of RD was 73.3 + 98.5 days in G400, versus 21.6 + 16.3 days in G230 (p = 0.004).Conclusion The incidence of tears observed during surgery was 5.1 % for G400, versus 3 % for G230 (p = 0.01). The incidence of postoperative RD was 3.2 % for G400, versus 1.2 % for G230 (p = 0.02). The mean duration before the occurrence of RD was 73.3 + 98.5 days in G400, versus 21.6 + 16.3 days in G230 (p = 0.004).
Macular sensitivity and structure in epiretinal membranes 6 months after surgical treatment
Authors: CREUZOT C , ISAICO R , NICOT F , BRON A 
Published: August 2012

AbstractPurpose To evaluate the evolution of macular sensitivity (MS) and its correlation with visual acuity (VA) and Spectral‐Domain Optical Coherence Tomography (SD‐OCT) in patients with idiopathic epiretinal membrane (ERM) at 3 and 6 months after surgical treatment.Methods In this prospective, monocenter, interventional case series, we included 49 patients (49 eyes) with an idiopathic ERM scheduled for a surgical treatment. Among these patients, 34 were evaluated at 3 months (M3) and 32 at 6 months (M6) after ERM and internal limiting membrane removal. At each visit a measurement of ETDRS best‐corrected visual acuity, microperimetry and SD‐OCT were performed for all patients.Results The MS was improved significantly from 11.7±2.1 dB preoperatively to 12.9±1.8 dB (p=0.001) and 13.3±1.9 dB (p=0.001) at M3 and M6 postop respectively. In the same time we observed an improvement of VA from 70.0±10.2 letters ETDRS at inclusion to 80.1±6.9 letters at M3 (p<0.0001) and 80.8±6.5 letters at M6 (p<0.0001). Macular thickness decreased significantly from 412.6±53.1 µm to 340.5±29.6 µm and 332.9±26.9 µm at M3 and M6 respectively. We found a significant correlation between pre and post operative MS at M3 (r=0.565; p=0.0002) and M6 (r=0.584; p=0.0001). A significant correlation between pre and post operative VA was also found at M6 (r=0.558; p=0.0003) but not at M3 (r=0.229; p=0.097). We did not find any significant correlation between the increase in MS and VA (r=0.286; p=0.112) and between MS improvement and macular thickness decrease (r=‐0.196; p=0.283).Conclusion Complementary aspects of macular function were given by VA and MS measurements after ERM surgery.
Implication of functional and anatomical preoperative characteristics in the outcomes of epiretinal membrane (ERM) surgery
Authors: CASTRO NAVARRO J , GARCÍA FERNÁNDEZ M 
Published: August 2012

AbstractPurpose To study the implication and meaning of preoperative functional and anatomical characteristics (based on the parameters Best Corrected Visual Acuity, BCVA, and foveal central thickness, measured by Optical Coherence Tomography, OCT) in the evolution after ERM surgery.Methods In this longitudinal, prospective study we reviewed 88 eyes (of 86 patients), on whom we had performed vitrectomy or faco‐vitrectomy due to ERM, with a follow‐up period of three years. We analyzed: ERM etiology, BCVA, metamorphopsia, lens status, and central foveal thickness measured by OCT. We collected the following data during the follow‐up: type of surgery (isolated vitrectomy or combined surgery), local complications, changes in BCVA, and changes in foveal central thickness.Results We observed an improvement in BCVA, and also a decreasement in foveal thickness, being both statistically significant (p<0.01). However, most of the patients showed different grades of oedema and/or macular thickening in the postoperative period. We found significant correlation between preoperative and postoperative BCVA (p=0,001), and also between preoperative and postoperative central foveal thickness (p=0,004), but not between BCVA and foveal thickness.Conclusion A functional recuperation occurs (based on BCVA) in more of 80% of the patients, after ERM surgery. Most of the eyes show persistent macular thickening, but this does not seem to have influence on the final BCVA. The best determinant of postoperative functional recuperation is, in our experience, the preoperative BCVA, and not the macular thickness.
Content‐based MPEG‐4 video stream retrieval for video‐guided eye surgery
Authors: DROUECHE Z , LAMARD M , QUELLEC G , CAZUGUEL G , ROUX C , COCHENER B 
Published: August 2012

AbstractPurpose This work introduces ongoing research on computer‐aided retinal surgery. A content‐based video retrieval system is presented: given a video stream captured by a digital camera monitoring the current surgery, the system retrieves similar videos in video archives. These informations could guide the surgery steps or generate surgical alerts if the current surgery shares complications with archived videos.Methods We propose to use data compression to extract video features. 1: motion vectors are derived from MPEG‐4 stream. 2: image sequence segmentation is performed by a k‐means clustering. 3: we used Kalman filter to track region displacements between consecutive frames and therefore characterize region trajectories. Finally, we combined this motion information with residual consisting of the difference between original input images and predicted images. To compare videos, we adopted an extension of fast dynamic time warping.Results The system was applied to a small dataset of 24 video‐recorded retinal surgeries (621s +‐ 299s). Images have a definition of 720x576 pixels. An ophthalmic surgeon has divided each video into three new videos, each corresponding to one step of the membrane peeling procedure: Injection, Coat, Vitrectomy. The effectiveness of the proposed method, measured by ROC curve, is interesting (Az ≅ 0.73).Conclusion A novel CBVR system, allowing retrieval of medical video, has been presented. Experiments on the dataset of retinal surgery steps validate the semantic relevance of retrieved results in ophthalmic applications.
Ocular surfaces in the treatment of glaucoma
Authors: UUSITALO H 
Published: August 2012

AbstractThe ultimate goal of glaucoma therapy is to prevent ganglion cell death and progression of glaucoma. So far glaucoma has been treated by lowering the intraocular pressure. Although this strategy has been successful in many cases there is a great need to understand the overall benefits, risk factors and adverse reactions of the various existing and new treatment modalities to further improve the success of medical and surgical glaucoma therapies. Ocular surfaces are the most important pathway for the topical glaucoma drugs and thus most vulnerable to the topical adverse reactions. In the aging population the risk for the topical adverse reactions is high and they may jeopardize the success of glaucoma therapy by decreasing the adherence to the treatment or by affecting the outcome of the glaucoma surgery. The cause of these problems might lie in the individual vulnerability, in the active or adjunctive compounds of the medical drugs, in the surgical techniques or biomaterial used in the glaucoma surgery. Therefore the identification of the existing risk factors for these reactions are of great importance for the successful glaucoma therapy.
Changes in retinal ganglion cell morphology after optic nerve crush and experimental glaucoma
Authors: KALESNYKAS G 
Published: August 2012

AbstractPurpose To study sequential changes in retinal ganglion cell (RGC) morphology in mice after induction of experimental glaucoma.Methods Experimental glaucoma was induced in mice that selectively express yellow fluorescent protein (YFP) in RGCs. Mice were sacrificed 1, 3 and 6 weeks after induction of glaucoma by bead injection. All YFP‐RGCs were identified in retinal whole‐mounts. Confocal images of randomly selected RGCs were quantified for somal fluorescence brightness, soma size, neurite outgrowth, and dendritic complexity (Sholl analysis).Results After 6 weeks of glaucoma, 31% of axons died, but there was no loss of YFP‐RGC bodies. In combined data from all timepoints, the RGC soma area was larger than control (P = 0.04, generalized estimating equation model). At 3 weeks, glaucoma RGCs had significantly larger values for dendritic structure and complexity than controls (P = 0.044), but no statistical difference was found at 6 weeks.Conclusion Despite the moderate loss of axons, significant changes in YFP‐RGC morphology were not observed after 6 weeks of follow‐up.
Progressive serpiginous choroidopathy – what to do?
Authors: PAVESIO C 
Published: August 2012

AbstractA 52 year‐old Caucasian female, diagnosed at the age of 11 with tuberculosis presented years later with a picture of serpiginous choroidopathy initially affecting one eye, but later both. She lost vision in her right eye as a consequence of a CNV. She received three courses of anti‐TBc treatment but the disease continue to progress. Conventional immunosuppressive therapy was also added with minimal impact on recurrences. Currently in the process of receiving anti‐TNF therapy. Infection versus immune response, or a bit of both?
How a benign granulomatous uveitis can become a killer case
Authors: BOUCHENAKI N , HERBORT CP 
Published: August 2012

AbstractPurpose To show how failure to diagnose correctly uveitis with micro‐granulomatous keratic precipitates and vitritis can have potentially severe and even deadly consequences.Methods Case presentations.Results Illustrative cases will show how important it is to diagnose an ubiquitously occurring granulomatous uveitis and crucial elements will be given to avoid to miss the diagnosis.Conclusion A meticulous clinical examination is the key to a successful uveitis practice.
TB or not TB...or what else?!
Authors: NERI P , ARAPI I , PIRANI V , CAPUANO V 
Published: August 2012

AbstractPurpose To present the clinical pattern of a complex case with atypical clinical features and controversial laboratory results.Methods Case reportResults Infectious diseases represent always a challenge both for the clinical presentation and the management. The advent of new laboratory tests has lead to diagnosis of certain diseases which were undetectable in the recent past. These techniques have changed the way of treating several diseases, even though the gold standard still represents a chimera. Infact, it is not uncommon to face diseases which present themselves atypically and with laboratory tests which can be controversial. We want to present an anecdotal case that was defined a "killer case" in our tertiary referral centre.Conclusion The clinical presentation and the laboratory results of certain diseases can often be a tricky challenge even for highly specialized centres. The scientific "methodic doubt" is mandatory in cases which do not present typical clinical features.
Infectious driven autoimmunity ‐ how to treat?
Authors: DICK A 
Published: August 2012

AbstractPurpose The question of infectious drive to autoimmunity is highlighted in cases. The debate is when or how to treat with specific anti‐infectious agents versus immunosuppression and above all when does malignant transformation occur.Methods Highlight controversy with casesResults The outcome of such cases is disappointing given the difficulty in how best to control to progressive degeneration that occurs.Conclusion To date we are left with delayed diagnosis and poor outcome for such cases. We will discuss how best in future to curtail such outcomes.
The association between myopia and glaucoma ‐ causality or classification?
Authors: KHAWAJA A 
Published: August 2012

AbstractMyopia is frequently cited as a risk factor for glaucoma, based on findings from many epidemiological studies. However, these studies are potentially subject to misclassification bias. Glaucoma is largely diagnosed based on optic disc cupping together with a visual field defect. Myopic patients may also have anomalous (or difficult to assess) optic discs together with visual field defects. This talk will examine the epidemiological link between myopia and glaucoma, and address the question whether the observed association between myopia and glaucoma is causal. Published evidence will be critically reviewed and supplemented with the findings from the EPIC‐Norfolk Eye Study (European Prospective Investigation of Cancer).
Refractive surgery in myopic, glaucomatous patient
Authors: CHAVES A 
Published: August 2012

AbstractPurpose This lecture will focus on preoperative examination, IOP changes and postoperative considerations, identifying the patients at higher risk for developing glaucoma and selecting an appropriate and personalized approach.Conclusion Most refractive surgeries are performed between the 3th and the 5th decade of a patients’ life. The prevalence of glaucoma increases with age and the life duration expectancy increases with progress in medicine. Although myopia and increasing age are known risk factors for developing glaucoma, it is impossible to predict which patients undergoing refractive surgery will develop glaucoma later in their life.
Glaucoma surgery in high myopia
Authors: LIM K 
Published: August 2012

AbstractThis lecture will describe the special pre‐ and post‐operative considerations require for glaucoma drainage surgeries in this group of patient. There are special anatomical features that predisposed this group of patient to have potentially higher complication risk; thin sclera and subsequent difficulty in scleral closure. Once they developed hypotony, these eyes are also more likely to develop hypotonous maculopathy. Therefore, pre‐operative assessment must include axial length measurement and carful slit‐lamp examination, looking for localised thinning in and around the surgical sites. There is no evidence to choose tube over trabeculectomy with mitomycin‐C but it is recommended that surgery should be performed with an anterior chamber maintainer in‐situ.
The importance of blue light exposure to circadian integrity and general health
Authors: LUCAS R 
Published: August 2012

AbstractMelanopsin‐expressing retinal ganglion cells are capable of supporting an array of visual responses even after complete degeneration of rods and cones. Among their most important roles is the synchronisation (entrainment) of endogenous circadian clocks to local time. Action spectrum studies reveal that these new photoreceptors are maximally sensitive in the 'blue' portion of the spectrum. This has led to the assumption that blue light is especially important for eliciting entrainment and other accessory visual responses. I will discuss how good practice in light measurement and application might be influenced by discovery of these new photoreceptors.