bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enhancing the Structure, Optical, and Antimicrobial Advancements of Starch/Chitosan Blend Through Green-Synthesized SeO2 Nanoparticles and Their Application for Ras Cheese Packaging
Authors: Ibrahim Ibrahim M. , Ebid Warda M. A. , Sayed Adel M. El 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Antimicrobial film (a film incorporated with antimicrobial agents) is a promising active packaging material that can extend the shelf life and maintain the quality of food products. In this work, selenium oxide nanoparticles (SeO2-NPs) were green synthesized by halotolerant strain Bacillus subtilis EG5QL12 and then incorporated into a starch/chitosan (St/Cs) blend via the solution casting route. High-resolution transmission electron microscope (HR-TEM) revealed the spherical morphology of the prepared SeO2-NPs, which is about 14 nm in size. X-ray diffraction (XRD) also confirmed the formation of nanosized crystalline SeO2 and semicrystalline St/Cs blends. The main XRD peaks of the blend were shifted, indicating the complexation between St/Cs and the SeO2 nanofillers. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) spectra confirmed these structural changes in the blend, where the peaks became narrower and less intense. The field emission scan electron microscope/energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (FE-SEM/EDAX) analyses revealed the homogeneity between Cs and St and the steady distribution of Se inside the matrix. The St/Cs film exhibited high transmittance (87%) in the visible and IR ranges, significantly decreasing with increasing SeO2-NPs content. The indirect/indirect optical band gap shrank from 4.7 and 5.4 eV to 3.9 and 4.9 eV, respectively. The green-synthesized SeO2-NPs, blend, and nanocomposite demonstrated broad antimicrobial efficacy against gram-positive and gram-negative microorganisms. Of the checked microorganisms, Staphylococcus aureus was determined to be the most susceptible. Furthermore, Escherichia coli showed the least sensitivity to the solutions under study. The nanocomposite presented a highly significant influence on all examined microbes compared to both of its components alone, in addition to decreasing the amount used by both of them, due to the synergistic effect between chitosan and the SeO2-NPs that have the ability to increase the concentration of reactive oxygen species (ROS) within cells, disrupt the microbial cell membrane, and inhibit the synthesis of protein, and nucleic acid. The coating of Ras cheese with the nanocomposite solution resulted in improving and preserving the chemical, and microbiological characteristics of the cheese produced.
The Effect of Polyphenol-Loaded Electrospun Fibers in Food Systems
Authors: Günal-Köroğlu Deniz , Karabulut Gulsah , Catalkaya Gizem , Capanoglu Esra 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Spinning technologies, including electrospinning, centrifugal spinning, solution blow spinning, and microfluidic spinning, are increasingly used to encapsulate bioactive compounds like polyphenols. Each method has distinct advantages: electrospinning offers precision and bioactivity preservation, centrifugal spinning is energy-efficient for large-scale production, solution blow spinning is rapid and scalable, and microfluidic spinning excels in creating complex fibers. Optimization of electrospinning parameters such as polymer concentration, core material content, voltage, and flow rate significantly impacts encapsulation efficiency, fiber morphology, and release profiles. Response surface methodology aids in optimizing these parameters. Studies demonstrate improved solubility, stability, and controlled release of encapsulated polyphenols. Incorporating additives like salts or nanoparticles further tailors nanofiber properties for specific functional needs. Electrospinning is also utilized in developing electrospun films for active and intelligent packaging, which incorporate polyphenols such as anthocyanins, flavonoids, phenolic acids, and phenolic extracts to provide antioxidant and antimicrobial properties. Polyphenol-loaded electrospun fibers (EFs) prevent oxidation, inhibit microbial growth, and maintain sensory qualities, thus extending food shelf life. Additionally, intelligent packaging with pH-sensitive and volatile gas-responsive films helps monitor freshness and spoilage. These technologies show promise in preserving a wide range of foods, including fruits, vegetables, meat, and seafood, by slowing metabolic processes and reducing deterioration.
Mereological Anti-Conservatism
Authors: Declos Alexandre , Grandjean Vincent 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
In this paper, we examine an overlooked answer to the Special Composition Question (SCQ), termed “Mereological Anti-Conservatism.” This view posits that extraordinary objects exist but that ordinary objects do not. For example, while tables and chairs do not exist, the mereological sums of these items do correspond to real objects. Although such a claim may initially seem absurd, we argue that (i) it is entirely derived from the claims and commitments of traditional rival theories—Nihilism, Universalism, and Conservatism; (ii) it resolves several issues that plague Conservatism, such as problems of vagueness, change and persistence, and the shortcomings of common sense; and (iii) it offers a more plausible perspective than Conservatism when considering the vast scale of possible worlds with differently segmented realities. Ultimately, we contend that if Anti-Conservatism is deemed implausible, then Conservatism must be as well, for structurally similar reasons.
Comparative Analysis of PAI Profiles in Intimate Partner Violence and Non-Victimized Samples
Authors: Paulino Mauro , Moniz Mariana , Moura Octávio , Rijo Daniel , Simões Mário R. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a serious cause of concern for forensic professionals, lawmakers, and society. However, only a few studies have investigated the features of IPV victimization that may aid in judicial cases and in providing appropriate treatment for victims. The main objective of the present study was to determine how the Personality Assessment Inventory (PAI) can differentiate between victimized and non-victimized women and assess its predictive value concerning victims’ profiles. Participants were divided into victims (initial sample: N = 132; and victims with valid PAI profiles: N = 107) and control (N = 107) groups based on the attribution of Victim/Particularly Vulnerable Victim status according to Portuguese legislation. We investigated how the PAI scales and subscales could discriminate between the two groups using ROC curve analysis, cut-off scores, and logistic regression models. ROC curve analysis and cut-off scores of Suicidal Ideation (SUI), Stress (STR), Traumatic Stress (ARD-T), Persecution (PAR-P), Affective Instability (BOR-A), Identity Problems (BOR-I), Negative Relationships (BOR-N), and Affective Depression (DEP-A) revealed adequate discrimination, and logistic regression analysis confirmed that these scales and subscales were relevant in the identification of IPV victims. Taken together, these results revealed that some expected PAI scales and subscales may accurately discriminate victims of IPV, which may be useful in forensic intervention and decision-making processes.
Evaluating Habitat Provisioning and Restoration Potential of a Subtropical Seagrass Species in a Temperate Estuary
Authors: Trackenberg Stacy N. , Baillie Christopher J. , Smith Dawsyn A. , Albright Anna M. , Blakeslee April M. H. , Donaher Sarah E. , Wellman Emory H. , Woodard Nina C. , Zhang Y. Stacy , Gittman Rachel K. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Accelerating human-induced losses of biogenic coastal ecosystems has prompted restoration of these critical habitats. In North Carolina, seagrass restoration has predominantly focused on Zostera marina, a temperate species, despite the potential for anthropogenic climate change to cause environmental shifts that favor Halodule wrightii, a tropical/subtropical species. We investigated how water depth and seasonality influenced H. wrightii distribution, restoration potential, and associated faunal community by (i) surveying North Carolina seagrass meadows to characterize their spatiotemporal distribution and morphology and (ii) conducting a restoration experiment testing the effect of transplantation depth (intertidal vs. subtidal) on H. wrightii restoration success and associated faunal communities. Surveyed meadows were increasingly dominated by H. wrightii from April to September. Seagrass within-species morphology differed across months, but only H. wrightii morphology and canopy height differed across depths, with canopy height increasing with bed depth. Intertidal H. wrightii transplants persisted > 18 months post-restoration, whereas nearly all subtidal transplants were lost within 6 months. We found no difference in faunal community abundance or structure between transplanted and control plots across depths. However, communities in the restored bed were less abundant and less species rich than those of a nearby reference bed. Although H. wrightii is widely distributed in estuarine waters of North Carolina, our results suggest small-scale transplantation does not lead to successful restoration or host communities equivalent to natural beds. Greater understanding of the role of H. wrightii as faunal habitat and identification of best restoration practices are critical to sustain and enhance ecosystem functioning in changing estuaries.
Advancements in Uricase formulations: overcoming therapeutic challenges in enzyme replacement therapy
Authors: Cho Woo Ho , Kim Hayon , Yoo So-Yeol , Lee Sang Min , Kim Taejung , Lee Jae-Young 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Uricase-based enzyme replacement therapies have emerged as an effective treatment for refractory gout and tumor lysis syndrome. However, their clinical adoption has been hindered by challenges such as instability, rapid clearance, and immune responses. While formulations such as PEGylated uricase have demonstrated clinical efficacy, they are limited by the development of anti-PEG antibodies, which reduces their therapeutic effectiveness. Thus, innovative drug delivery strategies are required to address these limitations and increase the effectiveness of uricase therapies.

Area covered
This review provides a comprehensive overview of uricase as a therapeutic enzyme and discusses both the approved formulations and recent advances in drug delivery systems (DDS) aimed at overcoming key challenges. It focuses on nanoparticle-based and polymer-conjugated systems designed to improve stability, extend enzyme half-life, and reduce immunogenicity. Additionally, this review explores the use of lipid-based carriers, polymeric nanoparticles, and inorganic frameworks to optimize enzyme delivery, offering insights into their potential to increase pharmacokinetics and minimize immune responses.

Expert opinion
Although uricase-based therapies show considerable promise for refractory gout and tumor lysis syndrome, challenges related to their stability, pharmacokinetics, and immunogenicity persist. Advanced DDS strategies offer viable solutions by stabilizing enzymes, prolonging circulation, and mitigating immune reactions. Achieving therapeutic efficacy requires balancing immune evasion and enzymatic activity to ensure long-term effectiveness. Further innovations in DDS are essential to develop safer and more reliable uricase therapies, expand their clinical use, and address unmet patient needs.
Utilizing a Hybrid Faculty-Guided, Self-Directed Study Model to Teach Immunology to First-Year Medical Students
Authors: Wong Shirley , Ely Kencie , Weinschreider Emily , Levy Josh , Simanton Edward , Netski Dale 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This study evaluates the effectiveness of a hybrid, faculty-guided, self-directed learning model for teaching immunology to first-year medical students. It compares summative exam performance across five cohorts (2017–2021). The 2021 pilot course incorporated asynchronous videos, quizzes, and in-person sessions. Results show consistent performance across cohorts, except for the 2020 fully virtual cohort, which scored below the National Board of Medical Examiners (NBME) average. Student feedback highlighted the benefits of the hybrid model, particularly its flexibility and self-paced learning. These findings suggest that hybrid models can be used effectively to teach complex subjects like immunology with reduced in-person contact.
Is There a Relationship Between Medical Student Mistreatment and Specialty Choice and Career Intentions? A Systematic Review
Authors: Kaur Gursimrat , Peng Kevin , Urwin Rachel , Westbrook Johanna I. , McMullan Ryan D. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Negative experiences such as mistreatment during clinical placement can have implications for medical student specialty preferences. The aim of this study was to synthesise research on the relationship between medical student mistreatment and their specialty and career choices.

Methods
We systematically searched five electronic databases (MEDLINE, Scopus, CINAHL, Embase, and PsycINFO) to identify studies published from database inception to June 2024 investigating the relationship between the mistreatment of medical students and their specialty choice and career intentions. Two reviewers independently screened articles for inclusion, assessed study quality, and extracted data. We performed a narrative synthesis of the included studies.

Results
We identified 11 studies. The majority used a cross-sectional study design (n = 10). Seven were conducted in the USA. Mistreatment in the form of verbal abuse, discrimination, harassment, and bullying was reported by medical students across the studies. Seven of the studies found an association between mistreatment and specialty or career choices. General surgery and surgical specialties were the most hostile environments for clinical placement and deterred students from pursuing these specialties. Mistreatment was frequently experienced by medical students who identified as female or as a sexual minority. In obstetrics and gynaecology, male students reported experiencing more mistreatment than females and were consequently more likely to change their career choices.

Conclusions
Our findings suggest that students are less likely to pursue specialties if they experience mistreatment during clinical training. Medical students were especially deterred from general surgery and surgical specialties due to their experiences of discrimination.
The role of local promoters in helping microentrepreneurs engage in digital business training
Authors: Rodríguez-Lesmes Paul , Gutiérrez Luis H. , Urueña-Mejía Juan Carlos , Ortiz Andrés Felipe , Medina Rojas Iván Darío , Romero Mauricio 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Policymakers face the challenge of delivering business training programs that are high-quality, scalable, and cost-effective. This paper examines the impact of Expertienda, a free, smartphone-based business training application designed for Colombian microentrepreneurs. Using a randomised controlled trial (RCT) and leveraging local promoters from nearby universities, we evaluated the program’s uptake and its effects on business practices, financial inclusion, and formalization. The study involved 994 microentrepreneurs across 10 Colombian cities, with data collected through administrative records and follow-up surveys one year after the intervention. The intervention increased app take-up by 3.97 percentage points, with no evidence of spillover effects across geographical boundaries. However, usage data reveals that the program struggled to engage users, as evidenced by low levels of interaction with the course. Moreover, we found no significant impacts on financial inclusion, formalization, business practices, or other key business outcomes. A high and unexpected attrition rate limited our ability to detect small effects, which are likely given the low levels of interaction with the app. This study is among the first to evaluate a mobile-based training intervention aimed at established microentrepreneurs who lack direct connections to the implementing organisation, providing important insights for the design and implementation of scalable digital training solutions.
The strength of waterjet cut float glass
Authors: Veer Fred , O’Callaghan James 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
For well over a millennium glass has been “cut” by scoring it with a diamond or similar hard material and bending it putting the score into tension. The result is a “clean” break of the glass along the score. As this has sharp edges, nowadays the edges are usually post-processed using grinding and polishing techniques. Unfortunately cutting works best for orthogonal shapes, although skilled personnel can cut complex shapes. Modern techniques such as water jet cutting are very suited for complex shapes and can be adapted to CNC techniques. However there is very little information on the strength of waterjet cut glass. To investigate this a large series of specimens were prepared using waterjet cutting using the settings suggested by the manufacturer. Small rectangular specimens in thicknesses of 4 mm, 6 mm, 8 mm and 10 mm were made, the edges examined using a digital microscope, tested in four point bending and the fracture patterns were studied. It was found that the 4 mm thick specimens had a lower average strength and higher coefficient of correlation than the 6, 8 and 10 mm specimens. The average strength and coefficient of correlation were comparable for the 6, 8 and 10 mm specimens. The upper side, facing towards the water jet, is slightly less strong than the lower side. The strength of waterjet cut glass is comparable to some batches of conventionally cut glass with ground, arrised and polished edges while the coefficient of correlation is lower. It was found that for the waterjet cut glass virtually all failures originated at the edges, in many cases multiple failures were observed in a single specimen.
Soil Moisture Satellite Data Under Scrutiny: Assessing Accuracy Through Environmental Proxies and Extended Triple Collocation Analysis
Authors: Pataki Angelika , Bertalan László , Pásztor László , Nagy Loránd Attila , Abriha Dávid , Liang Shunlin , Singh Sudhir Kumar , Szabó Szilárd 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
16 different satellite soil moisture (SM) datasets (passive, active, combined, and model data) were compared at the European scale. We hypothesized that SM should be reflected by a variety of environmental factors, such as topography, hydroclimatology, soil characteristics, and biomass. Robust correlation was used to explore the relationship among the satellite data products, and the Recursive Feature Elimination method combined with the Random Forest Regression (RFR) algorithm was used to find the most important variables. Variations in SM-values were analyzed using extended triple collocation analysis (ETC), while the accuracy metrics of the RFR models were summarized through UMAP dimension reduction. The result showed that generally, correlations among the SM products were low (r < 0.5) with some exceptions. GLDAS had the weakest correlation with the other SM products. Using SM as the dependent variable in regression models, model testing showed that GLDAS’s SM was explained with the highest accuracy based on the Nash-Sutcliffe Efficiency (0.631), followed by the SMOPS (0.624). SSM demonstrated the lowest environmental influence (NSE: 0.288). Using UMAP, ETC, it was determined that SMOPS exhibited superior performance in terms of error variance and model accuracy; however, based on the ETC results, GRD.P was deemed the most suitable option. Results called the attention of varying SM values by products, being biased by various environmental factors and the applied technology of the satellites.
Glutamic acid-loaded separable microneedle composite for long-acting hair regeneration treatment
Authors: Mbituyimana Bricard , Fu Lina , Wang Hao , Qi Fuyu , Jiang Yuchi , Meng Fanbo , Wu Min , Shi Zhijun , Yang Guang 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is the most common type of hair loss frequently observed in clinics. Right now, there are no effective treatments for AGA. Here, we developed a biodegradable microneedle (MN) patch made of polylactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) loaded with glutamic acid (GA) that improves sustainable drug release and effective hair regeneration treatment. Once the patch has penetrated the skin, the GA-loaded MNs (GA-MNs) are quickly separated from their base and enter the skin. These MNs then serve as drug storage tanks inside the skin, releasing the therapeutics gradually for over 4 weeks. The sustained release of GA from long-acting biodegradable needles could lead to endocytosis by dermal papilla cells (DPCs), promoting the proliferation of cells. Compared with topical minoxidil, which requires daily treatment, animal studies have shown that GA-MNs can increase hair regeneration more effectively with lower dose frequency; the number of hair follicles in the GA-MNs group reached 83.68 ± 4.52%, which was significantly higher than that of the minoxidil group (56.93 ± 3.21%). This transdermal technology of biodegradable MNs shows considerable promise in clinical applications and offers a straightforward, safe, and effective therapy approach for clinical hair regeneration treatment.
Designing a Patient Preference Study on Subcutaneous Medical Devices: Incorporating Health Authority Scientific Advice and Patient Perspectives
Authors: Picci Marie , Cook Nigel S. , Jones Byron , Zhou Mo , Berlin Conny , Sturchler Christine , Martinez Clemence , Garcia Baena Irene , Ziegler Lauren , Gaunt Harriet , Mason Brad , Hamerlijnck Dominique , Majima Yoshiyuki 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This paper describes the planning of a patient preference study for evaluating device features for the subcutaneous (SC) delivery of high dose/large volume (e.g., > 2 ml) of drugs. Multiple sources, including qualitative patient interviews, the involvement of patient partners, and solicitation of advice from the US Food and Drugs Administration (FDA), were used to refine the attributes and levels in the development of a preference study protocol to investigate what Multiple Sclerosis (MS) patients consider important regarding medical device features for high dose SC administration.
Integrating Circular Economy Principles in Business Strategies: a Policy-Driven Approach
Authors: Munonye Williams Chibueze 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Integrating circular economy principles into business strategies is facilitated by supportive policies. Drawing from various insights and contexts, this analysis discusses the role of regulatory frameworks, such as the EU’s Circular Economy Action Plan and Extended Producer Responsibility, in guiding sustainable practices. Green taxation, including carbon and landfill taxes, incentivizes circular business models by internalizing environmental costs and offering tax breaks. Effective implementation relies on consistent enforcement and global policy alignment, enabling businesses to enhance sustainability and drive innovation for long-term benefits.