bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Batch-Transformer for Scene Text Image Super Resolution
Authors: Sun Yaqi , Xie Xiaolan , Li Zhi 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Recognizing low-resolution text images is challenging as they often lose their detailed information, leading to poor recognition accuracy. Moreover, the traditional methods, based on deep Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs), are not effective enough for some low-resolution text images with dense characters. In this paper, a novel CNN-based Batch-Transformer network for Scene Text Image Super Resolution (BT-STISR) method is proposed to address this problem. In order to obtain the text information for text reconstruction, a pre-trained text prior module is employed to extract text information. Then a novel two pipeline batch transformer-based module is proposed, leveraging self-attention and global attention mechanisms to exert the guidance of text prior to the text reconstruction process. Experimental study on a benchmark dataset TextZoom shows that the proposed method BT-STISR achieves the best state-of-the-art performance in terms of Structural Similarity (SSIM) and Peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) metrics compared to some latest methods.
Pore Space Partition in Rigid Metal-Organic Frameworks Containing Organic Vertices for Trace Benzene Adsorption
Authors: Yang Huajun , Zhang Yingying , Xue Chaozhuang , Fang Zhi , Huang Yexin , Li Hui , Qi Yuqing , Zhu Kai , Gan Lei , Peng Fang , Huang Hongliang 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

The physical adsorbents have shown great promise for the removal of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) such as benzene but they still suffer from low uptake and poor selectivity especially when VOCs are present at trace concentrations. In this work, we demonstrate the successful implementation of pore-space-partition (PSP) strategy on rigid NU-1500-type metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) containing organic vertices, which has led to a series of MOFs with near-organic backbones (metal mass fraction as low as 5%) and record trace benzene adsorption. The PSP on rigid acs MOFs here relies on precise size match and symmetry match between the partitioning ligands and the frameworks. NNM-750-Fe, a structure constructed by partitioning NU-1500 with large π-conjugated hexaazaphenalene-based ligand, exhibits significantly enhanced low-pressure benzene capture than NU-1500-Fe, which far exceeds previous records (42%-69% higher) at a wide pressure range (P/P0 from 0.003 to 0.01). DFT calculations reveal that the hexaazaphenalene core has a higher benzene affinity than the open metal sites in pristine NU-1500.
The comparison of spinal anesthesia with general anesthesia on the postoperative pain scores and analgesic requirements after elective lower abdominal surgery
Authors: Rafeh Leen Tawfek Abo , Dandashli Sabah 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Objective: The aim of this study was to compare postoperative pain scores.
Methods and materials: A cross-sectional study at Al-Zahrawi Hospital on 120 female patients classified 1 and 2 according to the American Society of Anesthesiologists undergoing lower abdominal surgery. The study was conducted during the period of 1/1/2024 and 5/1/2024, and pain scores and vital measures were recorded after 2 and 4. 6 and 12 hours after surgery, the length of stay in the hospital, the recovery period, and complications were recorded, and the variables studied were compared according to the type of anesthesia.
Results: Patients in the SA group had significantly lower postoperative pain scores at rest (3.5±1.5 and 4.3±1.4 at 2 and 4 hours postoperatively versus 5.3±1.6 and 6±1.2 in the GA group with (P < 0.05) However, there were no statistically significant differences between the two groups for postoperative pain scores at 6 and 12 hours after surgery. The amount of morphine requirements at 6 hours postoperatively was significantly lower in the SA group (10.3 ± 4.5 mg vs. 14.6 ± 1.1 mg) in the GA group with P < 0.05), there were no statistically significant differences between the length of hospital stay between the two groups (1.9 ± 0.7 vs. 2.3 ± 1.1 days).
Conclusion: Although patients undergoing elective lower abdominal surgery with spinal anesthesia may have lower pain scores and lower morphine requirements in the first 6 hours after surgery, thereafter there were no significant differences in pain scores depending on the type of anesthesia.
Modified Alpha Power Transformed Inverse Power Lomax Distribution with appllications
Authors: AKUESON Gildas Adoté hervé , Bogninou Mahoulé Jude , Akossou Arcadius Yves Justin 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

In this research, we introduce a groundbreaking distribution, termed the Modified Alpha Power Transformed Inverse Power Lomax Distribution (MAPT-IPLD), which offers a fresh perspective for modeling intricate datasets. By ingeniously amalgamating the modified alpha power transformation with the inverse power Lomax distribution, we have crafted a versatile and robust distribution family. We conduct a comprehensive examination of the theoretical characteristics of the MAPT-IPLD distribution, encompassing stochastic functions, quantile functions, measures, generic moments, probability-weighted moments, and Rényi entropy. .To showcase the practical utility of the MAPT-IPLD distribution, we apply it to diverse real-world datasets, demonstrating its efficacy in accurately capturing a wide array of phenomena. Through comparative analyses with existing models, we underscore its potential as a versatile tool for various statistical applications.In essence, the Modified Alpha Power Transformed Inverse Power Lomax Distribution represents a pioneering approach to statistical modeling, offering unparalleled flexibility and robust performance across a multitude of domains.
A new ceramic microfiltration membrane based on olive seeds: development and characterization
Authors: Addich Mourad , Fatni Abdelilah , Bouzrour Siham , Thandapani Gomathi , El Baraka Noureddine , Laknifli Abdellatif 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT

The development of low-cost methods for wastewater treatment and the separation of oil-in-water emulsions is of considerable significance. Recently, natural material-based, inexpensive membranes have become a hot area of research. In this work, natural olive seeds were used to develop a novel ceramic membrane support. With the oil filtration process in place, the choice was reached to utilize the olive kernels’ beneficial qualities best. The process involved blending plastic paste with water and organic ingredients, followed by extruding the resulting paste into a porous tubular. After firing at 200 °C/2 h, the membrane's water permeability and porosity were 1,852 L/h m2 bar and 45%, respectively, and its average pore width varied from 2 to 15 μm. The efficiency of the microfiltration membrane in separating oil-in-water emulsions was assessed using two test solutions containing oil concentrations of 500 and 1,000 mg/L. Under a transmembrane pressure of 1 bar, the membrane exhibited exceptional permeate flux exceeding 200 L/m2 h, along with a high oil rejection rate of over 96% across all feed concentrations.
Nitrogen recovery from reject water for improved sustainability of wastewater treatment
Authors: Jönsson Hakan , Malovanyy Andriy , Tumlin Susanne 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT

Flows of reactive nitrogen (Nr) and greenhouse gas emissions from society are exceeding planetary boundaries, posing a serious risk to the stability of living conditions on Earth. Wastewater contains the largest flows of Nr in urban society, so recycling Nr from wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) could reduce the climate impact and the need for new Nr. The reject water from dewatering anaerobically digested sludge contains high concentrations of Nr and recovery of this Nr would decrease the load on biological nitrogen removal processes, and thus nitrous oxide emissions. Simultaneously, the need for external carbon sources and energy for aeration will decrease. In a case study at Rya WWTP in Gothenburg, Sweden, three Nr recovery technologies were investigated: (1) conventional ammonia stripping to ammonium sulphate; (2) thermal stripping to ammonium sulphate and (3) distillation of ammonia from reject water to ammonia water. All three technologies were found to decrease the climate impact compared with the removal processes currently used at Rya WWTP for the removal of Nr. Recovery by distillation to ammonia water had the lowest climate impact, while conventional stripping minimised the energy requirement.
Evaluation of Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy Response in Rectal Cancer
Using MR Images and Deep Learning Neural Networks
Authors: Cingoz Eda , Ertas Gokhan , Kaval Gizem , Azamat Sena , Karaman Sule , Kulle Cemil Burak , Berker Neslihan , Cingöz Mehmet , Dagoglu Sakin Nergiz , Comert Rana Gunoz , Buyuk Melek , Kartal Merve Gulbiz Dagoglu 
Published: June 2024

Introduction::
The aim of the study was to develop deep-learning neural networks to guide treatment decisions and for the accurate evaluation of tumor response
to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) in rectal cancer using magnetic resonance (MR) images.

Methods::
Fifty-nine tumors with stage 2 or 3 rectal cancer that received nCRT were retrospectively evaluated. Pathological tumor regression grading was
carried out using the Dworak (Dw-TRG) guidelines and served as the ground truth for response predictions. Imaging-based tumor regression
grading was performed according to the MERCURY group guidelines from pre-treatment and post-treatment para-axial T2-weighted MR images
(MR-TRG). Tumor signal intensity signatures were extracted by segmenting the tumors volumetrically on the images. Normalized histograms of
the signatures were used as input to a deep neural network (DNN) housing long short-term memory (LSTM) units. The output of the network was
the tumor regression grading prediction, DNN-TRG.

Results::
In predicting complete or good response, DNN-TRG demonstrated modest agreement with Dw-TRG (Cohen’s kappa= 0.79) and achieved 84.6%
sensitivity, 93.9% specificity, and 89.8% accuracy. MR-TRG revealed 46.2% sensitivity, 100% specificity, and 76.3% accuracy. In predicting a
complete response, DNN-TRG showed slight agreement with Dw-TRG (Cohen’s kappa= 0.75) with 71.4% sensitivity, 97.8% specificity, and
91.5% accuracy. MR-TRG provided 42.9% sensitivity, 100% specificity, and 86.4% accuracy. DNN-TRG benefited from higher sensitivity but
lower specificity, leading to higher accuracy than MR-TRG in predicting tumor response.

Conclusion::
The use of deep LSTM neural networks is a promising approach for evaluating the tumor response to nCRT in rectal cancer.
Patents on PARP-1 Inhibitors for the Management of Cancer from 2017-2023
Authors: Singh Harshwardhan , Singh Ankit Kumar , Kumar Adarsh , Kumar Pradeep 
Published: June 2024

Background:
There are eighteen members of the Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerases
(PARPs) family, which oversee various cellular processes such as maintaining the integrity of
the genome, regulating transcription, cell cycle progression, initiating the DNA damage response,
and apoptosis. PARP1 is an essential member of the PARP family and plays a crucial
role in repairing single-strand breaks in eukaryotic cells through a process called BER (base
excision repair). It is the most extensively studied and commonly found member of this family.

Area Covered:
This article discusses the advancements in developing PARP inhibitors for human
cancers. It covers the discovery of new PARP1 inhibitors with chemical classification that
selectively target multiple areas using cancer models in vitro and in vivo and evaluates them
critically. The focus is on patents that have been published from 2017 to 2023, except tankyrase
inhibitors.

Expert Opinion:
PARP1 inhibitors were developed by various companies and academic groups
from the 1990s to enhance the effectiveness of chemo and radiotherapy. However, their progress
was hindered due to their severe toxicity when combined with these treatments. Therefore,
on finding PARP1 inhibitors that can amplify the ability of chemotherapy agents to kill tumors
while causing minimal toxicity, these substances can either be used alone as part of the synthetic
lethality approach or in conjunction with radiotherapy or chemotherapy, resulting in a mutually
beneficial outcome.
Dynamic Interaction between Football Supporterism and Political Engagement in Post-Revolution Tunisia
Authors: Fitouri Chedlia , Saleh Zahra Gamel 
Published: June 2024

Background
This study delves into the impact of supporterism on voluntary political engagement in post-revolution Tunisia, particularly focusing on its potential for educating youth in participatory democracy. The study centres on the dynamics within the ultras supporters of the Tunisian football team “Club Africain” (CA), exploring their role in shaping political attitudes and actions. Also, this research highlights the significant role of supporterism in shaping political attitudes and actions among Tunisian youth. It emphasizes the need for further exploration of the influence of supporterism on political engagement in diverse political contexts with varied supporter profiles.

Methods
Ultimately, supporterism emerges as a persuasive tool for fostering understanding and engagement in participatory democracy, particularly among the youth. Therefore, 20 Club Africain ultras were interviewed semi-structured about their political engagement experiences. Interviews sought to understand the collective and individual opinions of Tunisians on democratic autonomy. The documentary analysis also showed the political engagement of young Tunisians and their determination to defend the country against fraudulent democratic processes.

Results
The investigation shows that supporterism and politics interact dynamically, demonstrating their resilience against political opportunism. However, some interviewees (7/20) contemplated immigration and terrorism as potential solutions despite their undeniable support for a secular state, rejecting extremist Islamic ideologies. These thoughts are rooted in experiences of discrimination and marginalization, shaping their perceptions and aspirations for the future. The results highlight supporterism as a dynamic space fostering autonomy in the political participation of young Tunisians.

Conclusion
Supporters demonstrate a self-motivated commitment to democratic values and equitable socio-economic development, advocating for transparent governance. Their engagement in politics through supporterism underscores the potential for positive and evolving interactions between sports and political activism.
Nanocrystals in Drug Delivery: A Cutting-Edge Approach for Enhanced Therapeutic Values
Authors: Yadav Shivani , Mishra Manoj Kumar 
Published: June 2024

Abstract:
Nanocrystals, composed of a few hundred to tens of thousands of atoms, coalesce to
form crystalline clusters, revolutionizing the landscape of pharmaceutical compounds. These clusters,
often referred to as “clusters,” serve as crystalline structures that wield significant influence
over the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic characteristics of diverse pharmacological
agents. Employed for various applications, nanocrystals play a pivotal role in safeguarding drug
entities during systemic circulation within the body. The production of nanocrystals employs diverse
methodologies, including spray drying, top-down approaches, bottom-up strategies, and innovative
techniques. The formulation of nanocrystals yields a spectrum of advantages, such as augmenting
oral bioavailability, optimizing dose proportionality, mitigating food-related effects, ensuring
suitability for administration through diverse routes, and enabling sterile filtration due to a
more confined particle size range. The selection of the appropriate method is contingent upon the
specific target sites and the drug's capacity to reach the intended site of action consistently and at
a controlled rate. This exploration delves into several facets of nanocrystals in drug delivery, shedding
light on their multifaceted uses within the pharmaceutical realm.
A Review on Mpox: Diagnosis, Prevention and Treatments
Authors: Sharma Himanshu , Tyagi Siddhant Jai , Varshney Prakhar , Pathak Neha , Pathak Rashmi 
Published: June 2024

Abstract:
Mpox is a zoonotic disease caused by the orthopox virus, and its signs and symptoms are
similar to those of smallpox in humans. As public health organizations try to end the present epidemic,
healthcare professionals across the globe place a high premium on their education on the many
clinical symptoms and possible treatments for this virus. For those who are affected, there is currently
no cure. However, due to the smallpox outbreak, specialists are now looking at vaccinia immune
globulin (IVG), tecovirimat, and cidofovir as potential remedies for Mpox. In severe cases, tecovirimat
and supportive care may be used with drugs to aid with symptom alleviation. The World Health
Organization (WHO) reports that the EMA acknowledged tecovirimat as a secure and reliable therapy
for Mpox in 2023. The effectiveness of these therapies is fiercely contested since there are clear
guidelines for decreasing these symptoms. Moreover, by examining elements such as the quantity of
confirmed, probable, and possible cases, the median age at presentation, the fatality rate, and the
geographic distribution of the disease, we hoped to understand the epidemiology of Mpox better as it
was changing throughout this study. In light of recent widespread outbreaks, this page provides an
updated analysis of Mpox and the medical remedies that are now accessible.
Transferable critical thinking skills of culinary and fashion students in educational practical activities at Vocational Schools
Authors: Komariah Kokom , Rahmawati Fitri , Asiatun Kapti , Nurlita Asri Andarini , Minarni Maize Lina , Simaremare Perawati 
Published: June 2024

Efforts to continually develop the potential and skills of future teachers are crucial due to the increased demands placed upon them. This study aimed to examine the critical thinking abilities of students engaged in educational practice within vocational high schools, elucidating the challenges they encountered and proposing requisite strategies for surmounting them. Employing a quantitative descriptive approach, this research utilized surveys and focus group discussions (FGDs) as data collection instruments, validated through content validity measures. The study employe ,;d students from the Department of Food and Clothing Education at the Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta, participating in Educational Practices within the Tourism Group Vocational High School, alongside tutor teachers guiding them. Analysis revealed that students exhibited commendable levels of critical thinking, evidenced by their adeptness in identifying information within the school environment, searching for information to analyze prevailing issues, and discerning various problems. Notably, the predominant obstacle impeding critical thinking proficiency was Sociocentrism, with a notable majority (61.64%) identifying unwarranted assumptions stemming from mass media sources (41.10%), and relativism due to deficient literacy skills, leading to closed-mindedness (31.51%).
Mengoptimalkan VO2Max: Dampak teknik pemanasan khusus pada siswa pendidikan jasmani
Authors: Sumarsono Adi , Wasa Carolus 
Published: June 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui seberapa besar pengaruh metode pemanasan dengan teknik terhadap kemampuan VO2Max mahasiswa penjaskesrek Universitas Musamus. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah eksperimen dengan rancangan one-group pretest-posttest design. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah 27 mahasiswa. Hasil analisis data menunjukkkan ada peningkatan kemampuan VO2Max terhadap mahasiswa setelah mendapat perlakukan berupa pemanasan dengan teknik, terbukti dari nilai thitung ttabel ( 7,471,71) dan eksperimen mempunyai pengaruh yang signifikan dengan rata-rata pretest 34,3 dan posttest 43,7 atau mengalami peningkatan sebesar 9,3 atau 17,7%. Kesimpulan dari hasil penelitian ini adalah “Terdapat pengaruh metode pemanasan dengan teknik terhadap kemampuan VO2Max mahasiswa jurusan Penjaskesrek Universitas Musamus”. Optimizing VO2Max: The impact of specialized warm-up techniques on physical education students
Efficacy and Implementation Planning Across the Veterans Affairs Polytrauma System of Care: Protocol for the REACH Intervention for Caregivers of Veterans and Service Members With Traumatic Brain Injury
Authors: Perrin Paul B , Haun Jolie N , Klyce Daniel W , Melillo Christine , Nakase-Richardson Risa , Seel Ronald T , Martindale-Adams Jennifer , Nichols Linda O , Perera Robert A , Xia Bridget , Hahm Bridget , Zuber Jeffrey 
Published: June 2024

Background
The responsibility of care for Veterans and Service Members (V/SMs) with traumatic brain injury (TBI) often defaults to informal family caregivers. Caregiving demands considerable knowledge, skill, and support to facilitate the health and well-being of V/SMs and themselves. Persistent and common TBI caregiver issues include strain, depression, and anxiety. While evidence-based, brief interventions have been developed and implemented for family caregivers in Veteran neurodegenerative populations, few interventions have been developed, adapted, or tested to support the unique needs of caregivers of V/SMs with TBI.

Objective
This study will adapt and test an evidence-based, personalized, 6-session telehealth caregiver intervention, “Resources for Enhancing All Caregivers’ Health” (REACH), to meet the unique needs of caregivers of V/SMs with TBI. If successful, a community-based participatory research team will develop an implementation plan to roll out REACH TBI across the national Veterans Affairs Polytrauma System of Care.

Methods
This mixed methods, crossover waitlist control clinical trial will use a Type 1 Hybrid Effectiveness-Implementation approach to adapt and then test the effects of REACH TBI on key TBI caregiver outcomes.

Results
This study was funded by the Department of Defense in September 2023. Participant enrollment and data collection will begin in 2024.

Conclusions
If effective, REACH TBI will be the first evidence-based intervention for caregivers of V/SMs with TBI that can be scaled to implement across the Veterans Affairs Polytrauma System of Care and fill a notable gap in clinical services.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)
PRR1-10.2196/57692