bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Laser subepithelial keratomileusis ( LASEK ) versus femtosecond sub‐Bowman keratomileusis ( FSBK ) to correct myopic astigmatism
Authors: CANADAS SUAREZ PILAR , IGLESIAS MLUZ , GARCIA‐GONZALEZ M , TEUS MA 
Published: August 2012

AbstractPurpose to compare the safety and efficacy of LASEK versus FSBK to correct myopic astigmatismMethods a retrospective pilot study of 846 consecutive eyes ( 427 FSBK and 419 LASEK + Mitomycin C ). Inclusion criteria was astigmatism ≥ ‐1.50 D. Uncorrected visual acuity ( UCVA ), best corrected visual acuity ( BCVA ), sphere and cilynder were examinated preoperatively and at 3 months after surgery. Enhancement rates were also evaluated.Results both techniques showed similar safety and efficacy indexes ( efficacy in LASEK group was 0.9 ± 0.2 and in FSBK group was 0.88 ± 0.2, p= 0.3; safety in LASEK group was 1.0 ± 0.1 and in FSBK group was 1.02 ± 0.1, p= 0.8.Three months after surgery, astigmatism was similar in both groups: ‐0.52 ± 0.6 in LASEK group and ‐0.54 ± 0.6 in FSBK group ( p= 0.6 ). The sphere was higher in LASEK group than in FSBK group( 0.24 ± 0.7 D, LASEK group; 0.12 ± 0.5 D, FSBK group ) p= 0.005. BCVA and UCVA were slightly better in FSBK group ( BCVA in FSBK group: 1.02 ± 0.1. BCVA in LASEK group: 0.9 ± 0.2; p= 0.0001. UCVA in FSBK group was 0.9 ± 0.2. UCVA in LASEK group was 0.86 ± 0.2; p=0.03. Enhancement rates were higher in FSBK group, 97 eyes ( 22.62% ), than in LASEK group, 65 eyes ( 15.51% ), p= 0.01.Conclusion LASEK and FSBK show similar safety and efficacy when used to correct myopic astigmatism ≥ ‐1.50 D. Postoperative BSCVA was slightly higher after FSBK, probably because it was also higher preoperatively, but the safety and efficacy indexes showed no significant differences between groups. Nevertheless there is a higher retreatment rate after FSBK . This might be due to the more comfortable post‐operative recovery of this technique.
Causes of intracorneal ring segments explantation
Authors: CANADAS SUAREZ P , ARRUABARRENA C , HERNANDEZ‐VERDEJO JL , GARCIA‐GONZALEZ M , TEUS MA 
Published: August 2012

AbstractPurpose To illustrate the causes of intracorneal ring segments (ICRS) explantation in patients with ectatic corneal disease.Methods We performed a retrospective of 92 eyes in which ICRS were implanted between 2007 and 2009. Two types of ICRS were implanted during this period: in 42 eyes (45.7%) INTACS ring segments were implanted, and in 50 eyes (54.3%) KERARING implants were used. In all cases a femtosecond laser was used to create the corneal channels where the implant was inserted. We analyzed the incidence of explantation of both types of ICRS and the causesResults An explantation of the ICRS was needed in 10 cases (10.9%): 8 INTACS and 2 KERARINGS. In all cases the cause of the explantation was the segment extrusion. Interestingly, we found that the ICRS extrusion was related to the contact of the extremity of the segment with the vertical corneal incision in all cases.Conclusion Based on our results, the main reason of ICRS explantation is the segment extrusion. The contact between the extremity of the segment and the corneal incision area seem to facilitate the segment extrusion. KERARINGS seem to be much better tolerated than INTACS.
Sub Bowman's keratomileusis for the correction of anisometropia after penetrating and lamellar corneal surgery
Authors: MENICACCI F , MENICACCI FL , MENICACCI C , BATISTI C , ESPOSTI G , FRUSCHELLI M 
Published: August 2012

AbstractPurpose To report the use of Sub Bowman's Keratomileusis (SBK) in the treatment of anisometropia subsequent to Perforating Keratoplasty (PK) and Deep Anterior Lamellar Keratoplasty(DALK).Methods Three patients with compound myopic and hyperopic astigmatism after PK and DALK were submitted to SBK. Treatments were conducted under topical anaesthesia. Femtosecond laser (IntraLase FS., AMO Inc, CA, USA) was used to create a superiorly hinged anterior lamellar flap at 100 microns in a 7.75/8 mm zone. The flap was lifted and a customized wavefront ablation was performed in two cases with the Star S4IR (CustomVue, AMO Inc., CA, USA), and in one case with Technolas z100 (Zyoptix Custom Wavefront, Bausch & Lomb Inc, NY, USA). The flap was then replaced, and the interface was irrigated. Minimum residual pachimetry value was estimated not inferior to 400µm.Results Postoperative controls at 1 and 3 months showed a reduction of anisometropia up to 70% with residual spherical equivalent (SE) not superior to 2.50 dioptersConclusion Sub Bowman's Keratomileusis has been shown to be safe and effective to reduce anisometropia in patients who have previously undergone to PK and DALK.
Corneal hystomorphology and myopic regression in patients after LASIK in the long follow‐up period
Authors: NIKULIN SERGE , KACHANOV ANDRE , CHURAKOV TIMUR , BAUER SVETA , ZIMIN BORIS 
Published: August 2012

AbstractPurpose To estimate the ultrastructure of various layers of a cornea, refraction result and quality of visual functions at the patients after operation LASIK, in the long follow‐up period.Methods The investigated group included 22 patients (44 eyes). Middle age was 31 year (from 23 to 39). The postoperative period ‐ from 4 to 10 years. Patients before operation had myopic refraction of various degrees. Standard methods of research including pachymetry with “Visante OCT”, keratotopography with “Pentacam”, “Atlas”, confocal microscopy with Confoscan 4 (Nidec Tech., Japan).Results Visual acuity after operation without correction was 1,0 and more only in half of cases (22 eyes). In the presence of initial high myopia, the thickness of a cornea at patients in 10 years after LASIK has returned to preoperative values. The thickness of a corneal flap practically in all cases made the value planned before operation. Epithelial layer has increased no more than by 30 microns.Conclusion In the remote postoperative period substantial growth of a thickness of a cornea in the central part is observed. Changes occur at all stoma levels. The increase in a thickness of a cornea first of all is connected with morphology of the interface between a flap and a corneal bed.
The current practice and researches of orthokeratology in China
Authors: LU F 
Published: August 2012

AbstractPurpose Orthokeratology is account for 200,000 wearers in current China. In past ten years, orthorkeratology experienced “up‐down‐up” fortune. This article presents the evidence about what leads to the twists and turns of orthokeratology in China. And it sketches the update researches of orthokeratology in clinical safety and its on myopia retardation.Methods Based on survey of twelve orthokeratology clinics and consulting work for government, it illustrated both the healthy part and illness part of fitting, wearing and related vision care service administration in the past tens years. Through summary of the research work, the clinical safety of orthokeratology and its on myopia retardation research both laboratories based or clinic based were presented.Results Orthokeratology was first released in China in late 1990s. It quickly spread over China. But very soon, reports of high rate of complications began appeared, and the safety of Orthokeratology was questioned by both ophthalmologists and the public, and dropped to dead margin. After ten years researches and cautious monitoring from safety administration, the ortho‐K practice is backing up. The data from ten ortho‐K clinics proved its safety and efficacy. The author showed their clinical and laboratories study around corneal contour and relative peripheral refractive status in myopia retardation.Conclusion The Orthokeratology not only brings backs to life but in very fast growing trend in current China. The key for its success in clinical safety and efficacy comes from the qualified fitters and scientific monitoring. Although evidence showed myopia retardation with ortho‐k among young myopes, whether its mechanism comes from relative peripheral refractive hyperopic changes is still under debate.
Comparison of decellularization methods for human corneal lenticules
Authors: HE Z , PERRIER E , CARA G , CAMPOLMI N , FOREST F , PEOC'H M , DUMOLLARD JM , GAIN P , THURET G 
Published: August 2012

AbstractPurpose Human or animal thin corneal lenticules (L) have been used as biological carrier to experimentally reconstitute tissue‐engineered grafts. Decellularization of the stroma proved to reduce immune rejection after allografts in animals. Aim: to assess different decellularization methods of human corneal L.Methods Stromal L were prepared with a Moria microkeratome on human organ cultured corneas mounted on an artificial anterior chamber. After desepithelialization, an anterior L was obtained with a 90 μm head and a posterior one with a 110 μm head. Four physical methods (sonification at 37 kHz for 45 minutes (min), 3 freeze/thaw cycles in liquid nitrogen, heating at 50°C for 60 min, and hypoxia) and four chemical methods (75% ethanol for 2x10 min, 0,1% sodium Dodecyl sulphate for 24 hours (h), 4M urea for 4h, and 29% NaCl for 24h) were tested. Efficiency and safety were assessed by determining: 1/mortality of the keratocytes using the Hoechst‐Ethidium‐Calcein triple labelling (Pipparelli, IOVS2011;52:6018), 2/alteration of the stroma using transparency measurement (analysis of modulation and contrast transfer functions), and collagen fibres analysis by transmitted electron microscopy (TEM), and 3/elimination of the cell debris using a staining of cell cytoplasm (Dioc 6) and TEM.Results 75% ethanol and hypoxia triggered complete keratocytes mortality with minimal alterations of the stroma. None of the methods eliminated dead cells debris. Combination with the sonification helped fragmenting cellsConclusion Two simple and rapid methods allow complete decellularization of human corneal L. The ability of these Lt to promote endothelial cells adhesion and proliferation is under investigation.
Epithelial thickness and structure in patients with congenital aniridia after COMET procedure
Authors: WOWRA B , WYLEGALA E , DOBROWOLSKI D , ORZECHOWSKA‐WYLEGALA B , ORSKI M , SMEDOWSKI A , WOJCIK L 
Published: August 2012

AbstractPurpose To evaluate epithelial structure after COMET procedure in patients with congenital aniridia.Methods 17 patients (20 eyes) with congenital aniridia underwent COMET procedure. Subjects were 13 women and 4 men, in 4 patients surgery was bilateral. Indication was aniridia related Limbal Stem Cell Deficiency (LSCD).Mean follow‐up was 13 months (6 to 26). Analyzed data included OCT assisted epithelial thickness measurement and structure assessment by confocal microscopyResults Mean epithelial thickness performed in 5 different points was 52,2±14,3 µm in successful cases, 88,1±42,4 µm in failed cases with recurrent conjunctival ingrowthConclusion Analysis of epithelial structure and thickness could be useful in postoperative care in patients with congenital aniridia after COMET procedure
Use of wide field digital retinal imaging (RET CAM II) in paediatric retinal diseases
Authors: PINELLO L , MAZZAROLO M 
Published: August 2012

AbstractPurpose To report our experience using the RetCam II to evaluate retinal pathology and morphology in children who did not cooperate for standard examination and to follow them by monitoring changes and development of the diseasesMethods We reviewed charts of 107 consecutive uncooperative children with fundus abnormalities that were photographed using the RetCam as a routine part of patient care.Since 2004 detailed diagnostic examination with use of RetCam II was performed in children with ocular tumors, vitreo‐retinal dysplasia, hereditary retinal dystrophies, ROP, congenital abnormalities of optic disc, retinal haemorrhages in shaking injury, neuroretinitis. All eyes were dilated with 1% tropicamide. 0.4% oxibuprocaine drops were used prior image acquisition. A blefarostat was used to keep the eye lids wide apart during the examination.The children were directed to lie supine, under sedation.Results The authors report cases series: 7 cases of Ret Cam imaging (2 siblings with gyrate atrophy of the choroid and retina after reduction of plasma ornithine with diet; 1 Pedler’s coloboma with overlay of the peripapillary retina,2 cases with retinal haemorrhages in shaking injury in the acute phase and until the bleeding reabsorption,1 infant with early onset autosomal dominant hereditary rod‐cone dystrophy , 1 optic nerve glioma extending to the retina, 1 case with chorioretinal dysplasia in systemic disease.Conclusion In this study analysis of RetCam digital images allowed to evaluate objectively, to determine exactly the areas of the disease, and to estimate changes and worsening.In our cases series the wide‐field digital ophthalmic camera provided a new tool for the evaluation and precise documentation in paediatric retinal disease.
Lyme borreiosis with ocular manifestations during childhood period
Authors: SAUER A , HANSMANN Y , JAULHAC B , BOURCIER T , SPEEG‐SCHATZ C 
Published: August 2012

AbstractPurpose Lyme borreliosis (LB) is the most common human tick‐borne disease in the Northern hemisphere. The various ophthalmologic manifestations of Lyme borreliosis (LB) during childhood period are discussed in this study.Methods Six children with LB‐associated ocular manifestations were treated between 2000 and 2010 in the ophthalmology department of Strasbourg University Hospital (an endemic area). Medical history, ocular and systemic clinical findings, determinations of antibodies related to Borrelia as well as exclusion of other causes were diagnosis criteria.Results Two uveitis, Two abducens palsies, one optical neuropathy and one orbital myositis associated with LB were diagnosed. Systemic findings, such as arthritis, rash, or erythema migrans were mentioned in all cases. Two children also complained about severe knee arthritis. Determination of antibodies was positive in all patients. All patients were treated by antibiotics adjusted to individual circumstances and some of them (two uveitis and one optic neuropathy) also had anti‐inflammatory treatment. Resolution of ocular signs, without any relapse, was observed in all patients within two to twelve weeks.Conclusion For any unexplained ocular symptom, even for children, LB should be taken into account especially in endemic areas. Such patients should undergo serological testing. If the clinical presentation is suggestive of LB, a course of oral antibiotics should be used. All in all, permanent defects are extremely rare during childhood period, even following long‐term manifestation at an early age.
Three‐dimensional geometries representing the retinal nerve fiber layer in multiple sclerosis, optic neuritis, and healthy eyes
Authors: GARCIA MARTIN E , DE LA MATA G , SATUE M , BAMBO M , ARA M , EGEA MC , FERNANDEZ‐PEREZ S , HERRERO R , IDOIPE M , OTIN S , LARROSA JM , POLO V , GONZALEZ‐GARCIA C , GARCIA‐FEIJOO J , PABLO L 
Published: August 2012

AbstractPurpose To represent and interpret the three‐dimensional geometry and distribution of the axonal damage to the retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) compared with healthy subjects. To analyze alterations in RNFL morphology in eyes of MS patients with or without previous episodes of optic neuritis (ON).Methods MS patients (n=122) and age‐matched healthy subjects (n=108) were enrolled in this observational cross‐sectional study. The Spectralis OCT system (Heidelberg Engineering) was used to determine the circumpapillary RNFL thickness in both eyes of each participant. The 768 RNFL thickness measurements provided by the Spectralis OCT were used to evaluate thickness measurements in MS patients with or without antecedent ON and to design a three‐dimensional reconstruction of the RNFL thickness representing the mechanobiologic tissue response to neurodegeneration caused by MS and ON episodes.Results RNFL thickness was decreased in MS patients, and higher in the MS group with previous ON. Statistical analysis and three‐dimensional RNFL reconstruction revealed greater damage to the ganglionar cells in the superonasal RNFL area in MS eyes (101.77 µm in MS vs 125.47 µm in healthy subjects) and in the inferotemporal RNFL (119.05 µm in healthy eyes vs. 149.26 previous‐ON MS eyes) in MS eyes with previous ON.Conclusion The three‐dimensional representation of RNFL thickness based on measurements provided by the Spectralis OCT allows physicians to better observe damage in the temporal areas, especially in patients with previous ON.
Extraocular blood flow in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients
Authors: JANKOWSKA‐LECH I 
Published: August 2012

AbstractPurpose Buckground: Multiple sclerosis is autoimmune disease which is often associated with vascular dysregulation syndrome (VDS), mediated by endothelin‐1 (ET‐1). Vascular dysregulation syndrome can lead to diminished blood flow in eyeball arteries. The aim of this study is evaluation of retrobulbar hemodynamics in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients.Methods Material of this study consisted of 76 eyes of 38 MS patients (8 males and 30 females, mean age 39,38 years, range : 22‐56 years, SD: 10.02 ) which were recruited from Neurology and Epileptology Department. The healthy controls consisted of 52 eyes of 26 patients ( 3 males and 23 females, mean age: 36.26 years, range: 19‐55 years, SD: 10.88). No patients in the active stage of the disesses. The peak systolic (PSV) and‐ diastolic (EDV) blood flow velocities, indicators of peripheral vascular resistance such as Gosling Index (PI) and Pourcelot Index (RI) of the ophthalmic artery (OA), lateral short posterior ciliary arteries (LSPCA) and central retinal artery (CRA) were measured in each eye, using color Doppler imaging (CDI). In order to compare examined eyes between two groups we used analyze of variance (Unianowa). Additionaly, we analyzed the obtained values of blood flow in patients who received immunomodulation therapy and in patients who passed neuritis optica in history.Results Statistically significant disturbances in the examined eyeball arteries were found in CRA and OA. The affected parameters were: diminished PSV velocity in CRA and OA; EDV in CRA (border of statistical significance); PI, RI in OA and increased EDV in OA.Conclusion This study suggests that in MS eyes may exists of retrobulbar hemodynamics impairment.
A new technique of noninvasive evaluation of the intracranial pressure with retinal vessel analyzer
Authors: GENEVOIS O , MURAINE M , PAQUES M 
Published: August 2012

AbstractPurpose One of the clinical signs observed at the funduscopic examination of the eye of the intracranial hypertension patients, apart from the papillary edema is the reduction, even the disappearance of the spontaneous pulsatility of the retinal vessels..A new device, Retinal Vessel Analyzer (Imedos) now makes it possible to measure negligible variations of the vascular diameter (arteriolar and venular) . We thus measured the retinal vascular pulsatility found among patients having a benign intracranial hypertension (BIH) which we compared with a control population.Methods We included 6 patients presenting a benign intracranial hypertension. For each participant, an examination with RVA was carried out right before the lumbar puncture (J0) then at 1 month (M1) and 3 months intervals (3M). We compared these results with a control population (n=76).Results The mean venous pulsatility found at the 76 controls was 5,07m ± 1,57. Our 6 patients presenting a BIH, had a venous pulsatility that was lower than 0,5m at D0 (p < 0,05), lower than 0,8m± 0,52 at M1 (p < 0,05) and between 0,5 and 3m at m3. All the 6 patients had an abnormal measurement of the intracranial pressure . It was not found a correlation between the value of pulsatility and the value of the intracranial pressureConclusion The variation of the vascular diameter, measured by RVA, is an indirect reflection of the vascular transmural pressure.Our results show that even in the case of a moderate BIH it exist an early, identifiable repercussion at the level of the retinal vascular network quantifiable by RVA.This reduction in the venous pulsatility can be explained by an increase in the intravascular pressure and/or by a parietal remodeling, especially at the later stage.
Persistence of treatment effect of idebenone in Leber's Hereditary Optic Neuropathy
Authors: FSADNI MG , KLOPSTOCK T , METZ G , YU‐WAI‐MAN P , BüCHNER B , GALLENMüLLER C , BAILIE M , NWALI N , GRIFFITHS PG , RUDOLPH G , KORTüM K , ROULEAU J , COPPARD N , MEIER T , CHINNERY PF 
Published: August 2012

AbstractPurpose To establish the long term benefit of oral idebenone 900mg/day in the treatment of Leber's Hereditary Optic Neuropathy (LHON).Methods Patients who participated in a 24‐week, multi‐centre (3 sites), double‐masked, randomized, placebo controlled trial (RHODOS) were re‐assessed at a single visit by means of Visual Acuity (VA) using ETDRS charts.Results Eighty‐five patients were enrolled in the RHODOS study: 55 treated with idebenone (900mg/day) and 30 with placebo. At the end of the 24 week treatment period, the VA for patients randomized to placebo deteriorated. In contrast, in patients treated with 900mg/day idebenone, VA was preserved. In addition, in severely affected patients with off‐chart vision at Baseline, only idebenone treated patients improved sufficiently to read at least 1 full line on the ETDRS chart (Klopstock et al., 2011). VA was repeated at a follow‐up visit conducted 2.5 years (median) after treatment discontinuation. The difference in VA between placebo and idebenone treated patients was maintained. Specifically, in patients who during RHODOS received idebenone and who on average were protected from vision loss, VA did not deteriorate upon discontinuation of treatment.Conclusion These findings support the original conclusion that in selected patients with LHON, idebenone has significant therapeutic potential in preventing further vision loss and facilitating vision recovery.
Commercial interest
Dyslexia and eye movements
Authors: VAGGE A , CAVANNA M , IESTER M , PARISIO A , BURTOLO C , TRAVERSO CE 
Published: August 2012

AbstractPurpose To analyze the relationship between dyslexia and eye movements. Methods 22 patients were included in the study, 11 patients have a diagnosis of dyslexia and 11 subjects were used as a control group (normal readers). The age of patients enrolled ranged from 8 to 13 years. All patients underwent careful orthoptic and ophthalmological visit; eye movements were quantified by Ober‐2 system. Ocular motility was divided into three phases: stability analysis to while fizating a still target; analysis of fixation pauses, analysis of tracking saccades (left and right horizontal axis); speed reading, saccades and regressions through the reading of a text.Results The stability analysis on fixating a still target showed a significant (p<0.001) difference between dyslexic and control group, outlining an increased amount of loss of fixation in dyslexic subjects (5.36 +/‐ 2.5 and 0.82 +/‐ 2.1, respectively). Only two patients in the control group presented a fixation loss while none in the study group presented this defect. Also tracking saccades (left and right horizontal axis) and loss of fixation after saccades did not show significant difference. When the reading time was analyzed, a significant (p<0.001) difference was found between the dyslexic subjects and the control group (90+/‐ 52.0 second and 42 +/‐ 17.3, respectively). When the regression saccades were analyzed, a significant (p<0.001) difference was found between the dyslexic subjects and the control group (52+/‐ 33.4 seconds and 20.3 +/‐ 11.3, respectively).Conclusion This is the first report of some ocular movement difference between dyslexic and healthy subjects detected by using the Ober‐2 system. Should our findings be confirmed, this analysis could be added to the work‐up of dyslexic.