bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Aligning leadership development for general managers with global strategy: the Bristol‐Myers Squibb story
Authors: Derven Marjorie , Frappolli Kristin 
Published: January 2011

PurposeThis paper aims to describe an innovative, blended learning approach to global general manager (GM) development at Bristol‐Myers Squibb that encompasses the career lifecycle from pre‐promotion, on‐boarding and ongoing development for GM incumbents.Design/methodology/approachThis is a case study of a leadership development initiative that included executive sponsorship with ongoing guidance and direction from a General Manager Advisory Council, who ensured that the learning solutions were relevant, high impact and supported on the job. The approach helped global GMs build networks of support and learning through peer coaching, leveraging the diverse and complementary skills these leaders bring to their roles.FindingsBased on their diverse backgrounds, it is essential to use multiple learning approaches to GM development and avoid a “one size fits all” mindset. Blended learning, selective use of classroom instruction and social networking tools were combined to create a comprehensive curriculum that supports organizational strategy and builds the leadership pipeline at Bristol‐Myers Squibb.Originality/valueThis case study will help other learning professionals who are charged with developing “leaders of leaders” on a global scale.
Training for results: innovative synergy between learning and business performance
Authors: Pool Roald 
Published: January 2011

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to reveal a very result‐oriented and successful method of management training.Design/methodology/approachThe objectives of the paper are achieved by using tangible goals, a high degree of accountability for participants and engagement of staff and management. Theoretical concepts used are the evaluation levels of Kirkpatrick and research of Buckingham.FindingsThe paper reveals that measuring results in a management development programme is feasible and productive.Research limitations/implicationsResearch is done in only one company. Further research in other branches is necessary to draw firmer conclusions.Practical implicationsUsing business targets in training (management should collaborate) Buckingham's six questions form an adequate tool to measure engagement.Originality/valueThe number of elements measured and used in a training programme is original. It is valuable for HRD professionals that want to make stronger business cases to their (internal) management clientele.
Meaning, truth, and information: prolegomena to a theory
Authors: Budd John M. 
Published: January 2011

PurposeThis paper aims to examine the relationships between meaning and truth as they may contribute to a constitutive definition of information. The thesis is primarily that “information” cannot be defined unless within the context of meaning and truth, and that any theory based on, or related to, information is not possible without the foundational definition.Design/methodology/approachA review of related literatures and an arrangement of frameworks forms the design of this conceptual proposal.FindingsWhile other definitions of information have been presented, the present one integrates meaning and truth in ways that others do not. The thoroughgoing semantic examination provides a starting‐point for a much deeper analysis of the integral role that language plays in the formation of any theory related to information. Truth tends not to be spoken of a great deal in information science; the definitional positioning of truth adds to a more complete definition and basis for theory.Originality/valueThis paper proposes a new definitional and theoretical construct for information.
An anthropological emic‐etic perspective on open access practices
Authors: Xia Jingfeng 
Published: January 2011

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine open access practices using an anthropological view of emics and etics.Design/methodology/approachAn emic‐etic distinction has been theorized in anthropological research for decades. Its insider and outsider views are adopted here to provide greater understanding of open access development. The visions of various groups of academics, particularly faculty scholars and librarians, are explored to identify their different positions on open access involvement as well as the impact of those positions on open access practices.FindingsThis analysis reveals that new models of scholarly communication need to cope with existing systems and become sustainable only when the thoughts and behaviors of insiders have been fully understood by outsiders and appropriate strategies have been taken on in practice.Originality/valueA theoretical framework was introduced to understand the practices of open access repositories and journal publishing.
The information‐related behaviour of emerging artists and designers
Authors: Mason Helen , Robinson Lyn 
Published: January 2011

PurposeThis paper aims to report an empirical study of the information‐related behaviour of emerging artists and designers. It also aims to add to understanding of the information behaviour of the group both as practising artists (a little understood category of information users), and also as “new practitioners”.Design/methodology/approachA literature analysis is used to guide creation of an online questionnaire, eliciting both qualitative and quantitative data. A total of 78 practising artists participated, all having graduated in the seven years prior to the survey.FindingsThe group have generally the same information practices as more established artists. They place reliance on internet and social networks, while also using traditional printed tools and libraries. Browsing is important, but not a predominant means of accessing information. Inspiration is found from a very diverse and idiosyncratic set of sources, often by serendipitous means. Their status as emergent practitioners means that their information behaviour is governed by cost factors, and by needs for career advice and interaction with peers.Research limitations/implicationsThe study group are a convenience sample, all having access to the internet. No observation or interviews were carried out.Practical implicationsThe results will provide guidance to academic and public librarians serving artist users, and to those providing career advice to them. It will also be valuable to those providing services to “new practitioners” in any field.Originality/valueThis is one of a very few papers reporting empirical studies of the information behaviour of artists, and has the largest sample size of any such study. It is one of a very few papers considering the information needs and behaviour of new practitioners.
Online retrieval history; how it all began: some personal recollections
Authors: Hall J.L. 
Published: January 2011

PurposeThis paper aims to discuss the history of online searching through the views of one of its pioneers.Design/methodology/approachThe paper presents, and comments on, the recollections of Jim Hall, one of the earliest UK‐based operators of, and writers on, online retrieval systems.FindingsThe paper gives an account of the development of online searching in the UK during the 1960s and 1970s.Originality/valueThe paper presents the perspective of one of the pioneers of online searching.
Small businesses in the new creative industries: innovation as a people management challenge
Authors: Hotho Sabine , Champion Katherine 
Published: January 2011

PurposeThis paper seeks to present findings from an SME case study situated in the computer games industry, the youngest and fastest growing of the new digital industries. The study aims to examine changing people management practices as the case company undergoes industry‐typical strategic change to embark on explorative innovation and it seeks to argue that maintaining an organisational context conducive to innovation over time risks turning into a contest between management and employees, as both parties interpret organisational pressures from their different perspectives.Design/methodology/approachA single case study design is used as the appropriate methodology to generate in‐depth qualitative data from multiple organisational member perspectives.FindingsFindings indicate that management and worker perspectives on innovation as strategic change and the central people management practices required to support this differ significantly, resulting in tensions and organisational strain. As the company moves to the production of IP work, the need for more effective duality management arises.Research limitations/implicationsThe single case study has limitations in terms of generalisability. Multiple data collection and triangulation were used to mitigate the limitations.Practical implicationsThe economic contribution of small businesses in the new creative industries is widely acknowledged. While the sector shows high business birth rates, the business failure rate is equally high. This remains of concern for policy makers. This study aims to contribute to understanding why businesses in the sector either fail to grow or decline.Social implicationsThe economic contribution of small businesses in the new creative industries is widely acknowledged. While the sector shows high business birth rates, the business failure rate is equally high. This remains of concern for policy makers. This study aims to contribute to understanding why businesses in the sector either fail to grow or decline.Originality/valueFew qualitative studies have examined people management practices in the industry in the context of organisational/strategic change, and few have adopted a process perspective.
Do downsizing decisions affect organisational knowledge and performance?
Authors: Sitlington Helen , Marshall Verena 
Published: January 2011

PurposeThis study seeks to examine the impact of downsizing and restructuring decisions and processes on perceptions of organisational knowledge and effectiveness after downsizing and restructuring events in “successful” and “unsuccessful” organisations.Design/methodology/approachThe study proposes a conceptual framework hypothesising that the impact of decisions and processes on levels of organisational knowledge are key determinants of effectiveness in post‐downsizing and restructuring organisations. Data were collected using a survey instrument developed through review of literature along with focus group findings. Survey data are factor‐analysed to identify stable constructs for testing hypotheses using regression analysis.FindingsThe findings indicate that the significance of the variables tested is found in those organisations considered by employees to be unsuccessful after downsizing and restructuring, rather than in their successful counterpartsPractical implicationsThe findings indicate that organisations undertaking downsizing or restructuring need to consider the organisational culture and climate with regard to knowledge retention and the potential impact of these initiatives to ensure that employee experiences are constructive. Support strategies such as counselling and training are important, as are job redesign, time for employee handover and documentation of procedures, if knowledge retention is to be maximised.Originality/valueAlthough knowledge retention within organisations is generally accepted as desirable, little previous research has considered the impact of downsizing decisions or processes on knowledge retention. Additionally, data collected for this research were drawn from multiple respondents within a large number of organisations, providing breadth and depth of data for analysis.
Strategic capabilities, competitive strategy, and performance among retailers in Argentina, Peru and the United States
Authors: Parnell John A. 
Published: January 2011

PurposeThis paper aims to assess the influence of strategic capabilities on the business strategy‐performance relationship among retail businesses in Argentina, Peru, and the USA.Design/methodology/approachZahra and Covin's self‐reported scale was amended and utilized to categorize businesses along Porter's typology. Strategic capability scales were adopted from DeSarbo and associates. Self‐reporting scales to assess relative competitive and objective performance in the present study were adopted from Ramanujam and Venkatraman. A survey containing these scales was administered to 277 attendees at a retail trade show in the USA. The survey – translated into Spanish – was distributed by mail and completed by 136 retailers in Peru and 163 retailers in Argentina.FindingsLinks were assessed among strategic capabilities, generic business strategies, and performance in retail businesses in Argentina, Peru and the USA. Support was found for links between the focus strategy and both marketing and linking capabilities, between the differentiation strategy and technology capabilities, and between the cost leadership strategy and management capabilities. The low cost‐differentiation combination strategy was associated with high performance in strategic groups whose businesses possess strong management and technology capabilities. These findings highlight the importance of developing strategy‐specific capabilities as a foundation for superior performance.Research limitations/implicationsThis study relied on self‐reported assessments of competitive strategy, organizational capabilities, and performance. It utilized cluster analysis, assessed only retailers, and considered only three nations.Originality/valueExtant strategic group research highlights the link between group membership and firm performance. The present study reinforces previous research. In addition, the presence of organization‐specific strategic capabilities helps to explain why some businesses outperform others in the same strategic group.
A postcolonial perspective on cultural identity: the Balti people “of” Pakistan
Authors: Dryland Estelle , Syed Jawad 
Published: January 2011

PurposeThe aim of this paper is to explore issues of cultural identity of the people of Baltistan and any challenges they face in the nation state of Pakistan.Design/methodology/approachThe paper uses a postcolonial lens to offer a review and synthesis of issues of cultural identity of the Balti people of Pakistan.FindingsThe review demonstrates how the historical and socio‐political context is intertwined with the Balti people's cultural identity which remains hybrid as well as contextual in its construction. It reveals that while the state of Pakistan has been able to assert its control over the Balti people and the region of Baltistan predominantly through military means, the critical issues of cultural pluralism and the basic human rights of the Balti people have remained generally ignored throughout the 63 years since partition.Research limitations/implicationsThe contentions offered in this paper need to be refined through in‐depth empirical studies. Future scholars may wish to examine the class and cultural politics at work in the emerging renaissance movement in Baltistan. Scholars may also examine how the lack of economic development and investment in Baltistan may be forcing the Balti people to resign (at least some elements of) their cultural identity to seek employment in urban areas of Pakistan.Originality/valueThe paper brings to the fore issues of cultural identity of the people of Baltistan, which have – to a large extent – remained ignored by Pakistan as well as internationally.
Abnormal stock returns, for the event firm and its rivals, following the event firm's large one‐day stock price drop
Authors: Yu Susana , Leistikow Dean 
Published: January 2011

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine intra‐industry contagion and the following apparent violations of the efficient market hypothesis around large one‐day price decline events in individual stocks.Design/methodology/approachThe paper examines daily stock returns around one‐day price declines of 10 percent or more for event stocks and their rivals. Using techniques similar to those used in Bremer and Sweeney and Cox and Peterson, the paper includes event stocks whose prices are at least $10 per share prior to the event to reduce the possible price reversal induced by bid‐ask price bounce. As is typical for the literature, the stock daily abnormal return (AR) is calculated as the difference between the actual daily stock return and the estimated stock return based on the market model estimated over a 200‐trading‐day pre‐event period [−220, −21]. Cumulative abnormal returns (CARs) for each stock are formed by aggregating the individual daily stock ARs. Denoting the large price decline event day as day 0, we examine the ARs of 41 trading days [−20,+20], the CARs for the [+1,+3] period, and the CARs for the [+4,+20] period. Cross‐sectional average ARs and CARs are calculated and tested for statistical significance. Furthermore, the paper examines whether the post‐event abnormal stock returns for the event firm and its rivals can be explained by prior event firm and industry variables.FindingsOn average, after an event, the event stock experiences a positive three‐day AR (S&P 600 stocks) followed by a 17‐day negative AR (both S&P 500 and 600 stocks). Moreover, for that 17‐day period: the rivals' stocks outperform the event firms' stocks and the event firms' returns are statistically significantly related to prior variables. The paper also finds statistically significant relationships between the prior variables and the rivals' post‐event stock returns. It provides an intra‐industry effects explanation for these results.Originality/valueThe paper offers insights into abnormal stock returns, for the event firm and its rivals, following the event firm's large one‐day stock price drop.
Consumer behaviour and sensory preference differences: implications for wine product marketing
Authors: Bruwer Johan , Saliba Anthony , Miller Bernadette 
Published: January 2011

PurposeExploratory research was conducted in a well‐known Australian wine region to determine the differences in the behaviour dynamics and sensory preferences of consumer groups. The overall aim is to gain some insights into the product style preferences of consumers and what this means in practical terms to wine product marketing.Design/methodology/approachInformation was obtained from a random sample of 150 visitors to ten wineries in the Yarra Valley wine region in Australia. Data were collected by means of self‐administration surveys using a highly structured questionnaire at each of the winery tasting room venues.FindingsSpecific differences exist in the wine consumption behaviour and sensory preferences of males and females and between generational cohorts, specifically Millennial and older consumers. Females drink less wine than males, spend less thereon but tend to “compensate” for this by buying higher priced wine per bottle, which could represent a risk‐reduction strategy. Females are noticeably higher than their male counterparts in white wine consumption, showing a preference for a sweeter wine style at a young age, and reported a strong preference for medium body style wines over light and full‐bodied wines. From a sensory preference viewpoint, fruit tastes and aromas are by far the most important, especially among females, as are vegetative characters, wood/oak, and mouth‐feel characters. More males, on the other hand, preferred the aged characters of wine.Research limitations/implicationsIt is possible to target wine consumers in accordance with their gender and lifecycle stage as far as the sensory and certain behavioural aspects of the product are concerned. However, this should not be oversimplified and drive product marketing strategies in the wrong direction.Originality/valueThis study is of value to academic researchers, wine industry practitioners and other wine distribution channel members alike, as it provides insights into consumer behaviour differences and one of the core tangible aspects of a wine product, namely the sensory preferences of consumers.
Consumer purchase intention for organic personal care products
Authors: Yeon Kim Hee , Chung Jae‐Eun 
Published: January 2011

PurposeUsing the theory of planned behavior (TPB) to examine the effects of consumer values and past experiences on consumer purchase intention of organic personal care products, this study aims to consider further the moderating effect of perceived behavioral control on the attitude‐intention relationship.Design/methodology/approachAn online survey was conducted with 207 online panel members, and multiple regression analysis was used to test the relationships among the variables.FindingsThe results indicate that environmental consciousness and appearance consciousness positively influence attitude toward buying organic personal care products. The addition of past experiences as a predictor of purchase intention and perceived behavioral control as a moderator of the attitude‐purchase intention relationship yielded an improvement on the TPB model.Practical implicationsThis study suggests that retailers can develop effective marketing strategies emphasizing ecological beauty, product safety, and affordable prices to increase consumers' intentions to buy organic personal care products.Originality/valueThis study provides valuable insight into US consumer behavior regarding organic personal care products by examining the factors that influence consumers' attitudes toward buying organic personal care products and consumers' purchase intentions for the products. Furthermore, this study extends an application of the TPB by examining the moderating influence of perceived behavioral control on the attitude‐intention relationship.
Towards a better understanding of factors affecting transfer of brand associations
Authors: Boisvert Jean , Burton Suzan 
Published: January 2011

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to test and model the effect of parent brand salience, branding strategy and extension innovativeness positioning on the extent of transfer of associations from the parent brand to a brand extension.Design/methodology/approachA field experiment based on a 2×2×2 between‐subjects completely randomized factorial design involving 808 consumers was conducted. Three factors were manipulated: parent brand salience, product innovativeness, and the branding strategy.FindingsThe paper finds that, in addition to the main effects of salience and the branding strategy, all three factors jointly influence the extent of transfer of associations from a parent brand to an extension.Research limitations/implicationsDespite the external validity of a natural experiment, some uncontrolled factors may have influenced the results. Also, transfer was assessed within time constraints (i.e. the time to complete the survey). The “duration” of any transfer effect is likely to be related to the ad exposure, which could be tested in future research.Practical implicationsThe findings are important for line extension development since they suggest that the launch of an extension can be designed to maximize or minimize transfer of brand associations from the parent brand to a new line extension, depending on the specific marketing objectives for the parent brand and/or extension.Originality/valueThis paper fills an important gap in the literature in terms of identifying product innovativeness, parent brand salience and the branding strategy as synergistic factors affecting transfer of brand associations for parent brands to their extensions.