bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sensitize and Qualify University Teachers for Digital Accessibility
Authors: Kuhlmann Judith , Althoff Kim Helen , Kamin Anna-Maria , Johannfunke Michael 
Published: June 2024

AbstractUniversity teachers face new challenges, particularly in the context of digital teaching and learning. However, teachers often encounter obstacles in implementing digital accessibility in their teaching. One of the challenges is disproportionate additional time effort as well as technical and didactic compatibility issues. The SHUFFLE project aims to support teachers with their needs in designing accessible digital teaching concepts through a material package based on the concept of Universal Design for Learning. The package includes checklists, guides, and a knowledge database, which covers various aspects related to digital teaching – accessible to everyone. The checklists offer advice and assistance on technical and didactic requirements, and the guidelines provide detailed instructions for implementation The knowledge database provides additional information on other aspects of making digital teaching accessible. The material is available in German and English under the Creative Commons license CCBY.
The bubble of nothing under T-duality
Authors: Delgado Matilda 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The bubble of nothing is a solution to Einstein’s equations where a circle shrinks and pinches off smoothly. As such, it is one of the simplest examples of a dynamical cobordism to nothing. We take a first step in studying how this solution transforms under T-duality in bosonic string theory. Applying Buscher’s rules reveals that the dual solution features a singular, strongly coupled core, with a circle blowing-up rather than pinching off. This naive approach to T-duality solely accounts for the zero-modes of the fields after dimensional reduction on the circle. For this reason, we argue that this is not the full picture that the T-dual solution should depend non-trivially on the dual circle. We point out evidence to this effect both in the gravity description and on the worldsheet. A more complete description of the T-dual object would require a full-fledged sigma model for the bubble of nothing. Nevertheless, inspired by similar examples in the literature, we detail one possible scenario where the stringy bubble of nothing is mediated by closed string tachyon condensation and we discuss its T-duality.
Duality between Seiberg-Witten theory and black hole superradiance
Authors: Ge Xian-Hui , Matsumoto Masataka , Zhang Kilar 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The newly established Seiberg-Witten (SW)/Quasinormal Modes (QNM) correspondence offers an efficient analytical approach to calculate the QNM frequencies, which was only available numerically before. This is based on the fact that both sides are characterized by Heun-type equations. We find that a similar duality exists between Seiberg-Witten theory and black hole superradiance, since the latter can also be linked to confluent Heun equation after proper transformation. Then a dictionary is constructed, with the superradiance frequencies written in terms of gauge parameters. Further by instanton counting, and taking care of the boundary conditions through connection formula, the relating frequencies are obtained analytically, which show consistency with known numerical results.
Holographic description of Narain CFTs and their code-based ensembles
Authors: Aharony Ofer , Dymarsky Anatoly , Shapere Alfred D. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
We provide a precise relation between an ensemble of Narain conformal field theories (CFTs) with central charge c = n, and a sum of (U(1) × U(1))n Chern-Simons theories on different handlebody topologies. We begin by reviewing the general relation of additive codes to Narain CFTs. Then we describe a holographic duality between any given Narain theory and a pure Chern-Simons theory on a handlebody manifold. We proceed to consider an ensemble of Narain theories, defined in terms of an ensemble of codes of length n over ℤk × ℤk for prime k. We show that averaging over this ensemble is holographically dual to a level-k (U(1) × U(1))n Chern-Simons theory, summed over a finite number of inequivalent classes of handlebody topologies. In the limit of large k the ensemble approaches the ensemble of all Narain theories, and its bulk dual becomes equivalent to “U(1)-gravity” — the sum of the pertubative part of the Chern-Simons wavefunction over all possible handlebodies — providing a bulk microscopic definition for this theory. Finally, we reformulate the sum over handlebodies in terms of Hecke operators, paving the way for generalizations.
Minimally invasive palliative treatment of malignant tracheoesophageal fistula using cardiac septal occluder
Authors: Teng Lin , Zhou Fei , Xiong Xiaoqi , Zhang Haoyu , Qiao Linchen , Zhang Zaiqiang , Qin Qin , Song Xinyu 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Introduction
Tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF) especially malignant TEF (mTEF) is an uncommon yet critical medical condition necessitating immediate intervention. This life-threatening condition frequently manifests in critically ill patients who are dependent on prolonged mechanical ventilation and are unsuitable candidates for thoracotomy due to their compromised health status. The Management of these mTEF patients remain a significant challenge.This study aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of using a cardiac septal occluder for the closure of mTEF.

Methods
8 patients with mTEF underwent closure surgery using atrial/ventricular septal defect (ASD/VSD) septal occluders at the Respiratory Department of HuBei Yichang Central People’s Hospital from 2021 to 2023. The procedure involved percutaneous placement of the occluder through the fistula to achieve closure.

Results
The placement of the cardiac septal occluder was successfully achieved with ease and efficiency in all patients. The study demonstrated that the use of cardiac septal occluder therapy in patients with mTEF can alleviate symptoms, improve quality of life, and enhance survival rates, with no significant complications observed. Furthermore, the study provided comprehensive details on surgical indications, preoperative evaluation and diagnosis, selection of occluder, methods of occlusion, and postoperative care.

Conclusions
The application of cardiac septal occluder in the treatment of mTEF is a safe and effective palliative treatment. This approach may be particularly beneficial for patients with a high risk of complications and mortality associated with traditional surgical interventions.
Laser-induced 2D/0D graphene-nanoceria freestanding paper-based films for on-site hydrogen peroxide monitoring in no-touch disinfection treatments
Authors: Pidal José M. Gordón , Fiori Selene , Scroccarello Annalisa , Della Pelle Flavio , Maggio Francesca , Serio Annalisa , Ferraro Giovanni , Escarpa Alberto , Compagnone Dario 
Published: June 2024

AbstractA one-shot CO2 laser-based strategy to generate conductive reduced graphene oxide (rGO) decorated with nanoceria (nCe) is proposed. The 2D/0D rGO-nCe films, integrated as catalytic sensing layers in paper-based sensors, were employed for on-site monitoring of indoor fogging treatments against Listeria monocytogenes (Lm), a ubiquitous pathogenic bacterium. The rGO-nCe laser-assisted synthesis was optimized to preserve the rGO film morphological and electron-transfer features and simultaneously integrate catalytic nCe. The films were characterized by microscopical (SEM), spectroscopical (EDX, Raman, and FTIR), and electrochemical techniques. The most performing film was integrated into a nitrocellulose substrate, and the complete sensor was assembled via a combination of xurography and stencil printing. The rGO-nCe sensor's catalytic activity was proved toward the detection of H2O2, obtaining sensitive determination (LOD = 0.3 µM) and an extended linear range (0.5–1500 µM). Eventually, the rGO-nCe sensor was challenged for the real-time continuous monitoring of hydrogen peroxide aerosol during no-touch fogging treatment conducted following the EU’s recommendation for biocidal product use. Treatment effectiveness was proved toward three Lm strains characterized by different origins, i.e., type strain ATCC 7644, clinical strain 338, and food strain 641/6II. The sensor allows for discrimination and quantification treatments at different environmental biocidal amounts and fogging times, and correlates with the microbiological inhibition, promoting the proposed sensor as a useful tool to modulate and monitor no-touch treatments.
Graphical Abstract
Factors affecting the extent of resection and neurological outcomes following transopercular resection of insular gliomas
Authors: Biswas Chandrima , Shetty Prakash M. , Sahu Arpita , Velayutham Parthiban , Singh Vikas , Shah Kanchi , Moiyadi Aliasgar V. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background
Surgical resection of insular gliomas is a challenge. TO resection is considered more versatile and has lower risk of vascular damage. In this study, we aimed to understand the factors that affect resection rates, ischemic changes and neurological outcomes and studied the utility of IONM in patients who underwent TO resection for IGs.

Methods
Retrospective analysis of 66 patients with IG who underwent TO resection was performed.

Results
Radical resection was possible in 39% patients. Involvement of zone II and the absence of contrast enhancement predicted lower resection rate. Persistent deficit rate was 10.9%. Although dominant lobe tumors increased immediate deficit and fronto-orbital operculum involvement reduced prolonged deficit rate, no tumor related factor showed significant association with persistent deficits. 45% of patients developed a postoperative infarct, 53% of whom developed deficits. Most affected vascular territory was lenticulostriate (39%). MEP changes were observed in 9/57 patients. 67% of stable TcMEPs and 74.5% of stable strip MEPs did not develop any postoperative motor deficits. Long-term deficits were seen in 3 and 6% patients with stable TcMEP and strip MEPs respectively. In contrast, 25% and 50% of patients with reversible strip MEP and Tc MEP changes respectively had persistent motor deficits. DWI changes were clinically more relevant when accompanied by MEP changes intraoperatively, with persistent deficit rates three times greater when MEP changes occurred than when MEPs were stable.

Conclusion
Radical resection can be achieved in large, multizone IGs, with reasonable outcomes using TO approach and multimodal intraoperative strategy with IONM.
Very old age impacts masticatory performance: a study among sexagenarians to centenarians
Authors: Sekundo Caroline , Frese Cornelia , Alich Niklas , Langowski Eva , Awounvo Sinclair , Wolff Diana , Zenthöfer Andreas 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Objective
This cross-sectional pilot study evaluated the impact of age on masticatory performance among individuals aged 65 to 106 years, as part of the Heidelberg Dental Centenarian Study (HD-100Z) conducted in South-Western Germany.

Materials and methods
A total of 31 centenarians were recruited, alongside 31 individuals each from the age groups 75–99 and 65–74, matched based on sex, prosthetic status, and number of teeth. Masticatory performance was assessed using a two-colored chewing gum test and digital image processing. Multiple linear regression analysis was performed to assess the effect of age, sex, number of teeth, type of prosthesis on the masticatory performance.

Results
Masticatory performance, as measured by the standard deviation of hue in the chewing gum test, decreased significantly in centenarians compared to individuals aged 75–99 years (-0.112, p = 0.037) and those aged 65–74 years (-0.274, p < 0.001). The effects of sex, number of teeth, and type of prosthesis on masticatory performance were not significant associations (p ≥ 0.135).

Conclusion
The findings suggest that age may have a significant influence on masticatory performance in the studied age groups, challenging previous notions that aging itself has little impact on masticatory ability. The inclusion of centenarians in the study highlights the need for further investigation into masticatory function in age groups reaching up to 100 years or more.

Clinical relevance
This study contributes to the understanding of how ageing affects oral function, which may guide dental treatment approaches for older individuals, and set the stage for more in-depth investigations in this field in the future.
Chronoamperometric investigations on electrochemical synthesis of iron nitrides in molten salt system
Authors: Thiebes Yannick M. , Engel Katja , Niewa Rainer 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
A systematic investigation of the electrochemical iron nitride synthesis in a LiCl/KCl salt melt at 723 K shows an optimum of $$\epsilon$$
ϵ
-Fe$$_3$$

3

N$$_{1+x}$$

1
+
x

formation in the range of 2.2 to 2.3 V and for $$\gamma '$$

γ
′

-Fe$$_4$$

4

N between 2.4 and 2.5 V enabling the control of the desired iron nitride phase by setting the supplied terminal voltage. The product formation of iron nitrides starts when the electrochemical window is reached, which could be verified by linear sweep voltammetry. Hence, a maximum of nitrogen content in the formed iron nitride phases is observed for 2.27 V. During elongated synthesis periods, convection emerges as the predominant transport mechanism hindering an accelerated reaction rate with higher overpotential applied. Real-time analysis of the background current allows conclusions about the remaining nitride concentration. Additionally, there is concurrent iron nitride formation at the electrode surface through nitride adsorption and autonucleation-induced precipitation of iron and nitride ions. The analysis of the amount of sediment in comparison to the layer thickness of the nitrided working electrode suggests that the autonucleation mechanism dominates over the adsorption mechanism with increasing overpotential and can be further enhanced by this feature.

Graphical abstract
Optimal investment by large consumers in an electricity market with generator market power
Authors: Verma Pranjal Pragya , Hesamzadeh Mohammad Reza , Rebennack Steffen , Bunn Derek , Swarup K. Shanti , Srinivasan Dipti 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe investment decisions of energy-intensive consumers can alter the balance of supply and demand in an electricity market. In particular, they can increase the market power of incumbent generators such that prices may increase as a consequence of their investments. Whilst it is therefore intuitive that such investors will wish to consider their effects on the market, it is a challenging problem analytically and one that has been under-researched. In general, the problem can be manifest in any supply chain where demand-side investments influence endogenous price formation in the intermediate product markets. Theoretically, we show how the presence of producer market power decreases demand-side investments and then, computationally we formulate a quad-level program to model the operational implications for a demand-side investor in more detail. With an innovative reduction in complexity to a bilevel model, an efficient solution algorithm for the optimal investment by a demand-side investor is facilitated. We demonstrate computability on a small scale electricity system and the results confirm the theory.
Quantitative 23Na magnetic resonance imaging in the abdomen at 3 T
Authors: Birchall Jonathan Richard , Horvat-Menih Ines , Kaggie Joshua Daniel , Riemer Frank , Benjamin Arnold Julian Vinoj , Graves Martin John , Wilkinson Ian , Gallagher Ferdia Aidan , McLean Mary Anne 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Objectives
To assess the feasibility of sodium-23 MRI for performing quantitative and non-invasive measurements of total sodium concentration (TSC) and relaxation in a variety of abdominal organs.

Materials and methods
Proton and sodium imaging of the abdomen was performed in 19 healthy volunteers using a 3D cones sequence and a sodium-tuned 4-rung transmit/receive body coil on a clinical 3 T system. The effects of B1 non-uniformity on TSC measurements were corrected using the double-angle method. The long-component of 23Na T2* relaxation time was measured using a series of variable echo-times.

Results
The mean and standard deviation of TSC and long-component 23Na T2* values were calculated across the healthy volunteer group in the kidneys, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), liver, gallbladder, spleen, aorta, and inferior vena cava.

Discussion
Mean TSC values in the kidneys, liver, and spleen were similar to those reported using 23Na-MRI previously in the literature. Measurements in the CSF and gallbladder were lower, potentially due to the reduced spatial resolution achievable in a clinically acceptable scan time. Mean long-component 23Na T2* values were consistent with previous reports from the kidneys and CSF. Intra-population standard error was larger in smaller, fluid-filled structures due to fluid motion and partial volume effects.
Active convolutional neural networks sign language (ActiveCNN-SL) framework: a paradigm shift in deaf-mute communication
Authors: ZainEldin Hanaa , Baghdadi Nadiah A. , Gamel Samah A. , Aljohani Mansourah , Talaat Fatma M. , Malki Amer , Badawy Mahmoud , Elhosseini Mostafa 
Published: June 2024

AbstractReal-time speech-to-text and text-to-speech technologies have significantly influenced the accessibility of communication for individuals who are deaf or mute. This research aims to assess the efficacy of these technologies in facilitating communication between deaf or mute individuals and those who are neither deaf nor mute. A mixed-method approach will incorporate qualitative and quantitative data collection and analysis techniques. The study will involve participants from deaf or mute and non-deaf or non-mute communities. The research will scrutinize the precision and efficiency of communication using these technologies and evaluate user experience and satisfaction. Furthermore, the study intends to pinpoint potential obstacles and limitations of these technologies and offer suggestions for enhancing their effectiveness in fostering inclusivity. The study proposes an active learning framework for sign language gesture recognition, termed Active Convolutional Neural Networks—Sign Language (ActiveCNN-SL). ActiveCNN-SL aims to minimize the labeled data required for training and augment the accuracy of sign language gesture recognition through iterative human feedback. This proposed framework holds the potential to enhance communication accessibility for deaf and mute individuals and encourage inclusivity across various environments. The proposed framework is trained using two primary datasets: (i) the Sign Language Gesture Images Dataset and (ii) the American Sign Language Letters (ASL)—v1. The framework employs Resnet50 and YoloV.8 to train the datasets. It has demonstrated high performance in terms of precision and accuracy. The ResNet model achieved a remarkable accuracy rate of 99.98% during training, and it also exhibited a validation accuracy of 100%, surpassing the baseline CNN and RNN models. The YOLOv8 model outperformed previous methods on the ASL alphabet dataset, achieving an overall mean average accuracy for all classes of 97.8%.
Patterns of Psychotropic Prescribing Practices in Autistic Children and Adolescents: An Australian Perspective of Two Cohorts Five Years Apart
Authors: Baldes Anna , May Tamara , Brignell Amanda , Williams Katrina 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis study aims to describe the utilisation of psychotropic medications in Australian autistic children and adolescents. All children and adolescents with available Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme data who endorsed an autism diagnosis in The Longitudinal Study of Australian Children, including both B (n = 233, age 0–1 years in wave 1) and K cohorts (n = 157, age 4–5 years in wave 1), were included to describe psychotropic prescribing patterns. 212 (54.4%) autistic children and adolescents received at least one psychotropic prescription and 99 (25.4%) had polypharmacy. The most common psychotropic class prescribed was antidepressants (31.3%). Children in the B cohort were more likely to have a parent-reported diagnosis of anxiety or depression (χ2 = 12.18, p < 0.001) and tended to be more likely to have received a psychotropic prescription (χ2 = 3.54, p = 0.06). Psychotropic prescribing in Australian autistic children is common despite limited evidence for efficacy and tolerability of psychotropics in this group.
Geometric semantic GP with linear scaling: Darwinian versus Lamarckian evolution
Authors: Nadizar Giorgia , Sakallioglu Berfin , Garrow Fraser , Silva Sara , Vanneschi Leonardo 
Published: June 2024

AbstractGeometric Semantic Genetic Programming (GSGP) has shown notable success in symbolic regression with the introduction of Linear Scaling (LS). This achievement stems from the synergy of the geometric semantic genetic operators of GSGP with the scaling of the individuals for computing their fitness, which favours programs with a promising behaviour. However, the initial combination of GSGP and LS (GSGP-LS) underutilised the potential of LS, scaling individuals only for fitness evaluation, neglecting to incorporate improvements into their genetic material. In this paper we propose an advancement, GSGP with Lamarckian LS (GSGP-LLS), wherein we update the individuals in the population with their scaling coefficients in a Lamarckian fashion, i.e., by inheritance of acquired traits. We assess GSGP-LS and GSGP-LLS against standard GSGP for the task of symbolic regression on five hand-tailored benchmarks and six real-life problems. On the former ones, GSGP-LS and GSGP-LLS both consistently improve GSGP, though with no clear global superiority between them. On the real-world problems, instead, GSGP-LLS steadily outperforms GSGP-LS, achieving faster convergence and superior final performance. Notably, even in cases where LS induces overfitting on challenging problems, GSGP-LLS surpasses GSGP-LS, due to its slower and more localised optimisation steps.
Dissatisfaction-considered waiting time prediction for outpatients with interpretable machine learning
Authors: Shin Jongkyung , Lee Donggi Augustine , Kim Juram , Lim Chiehyeon , Choi Byung-Kwan 
Published: June 2024

AbstractLong waiting time in outpatient departments is a crucial factor in patient dissatisfaction. We aim to analytically interpret the waiting times predicted by machine learning models and provide patients with an explanation of the expected waiting time. Here, underestimating waiting times can cause patient dissatisfaction, so preventing this in predictive models is necessary. To address this issue, we propose a framework considering dissatisfaction for estimating the waiting time in an outpatient department. In our framework, we leverage asymmetric loss functions to ensure robustness against underestimation. We also propose a dissatisfaction-aware asymmetric error score (DAES) to determine an appropriate model by considering the trade-off between underestimation and accuracy. Finally, Shapley additive explanation (SHAP) is applied to interpret the relationship trained by the model, enabling decision makers to use this information for improving outpatient service operations. We apply our framework in the endocrinology metabolism department and neurosurgery department in one of the largest hospitals in South Korea. The use of asymmetric functions prevents underestimation in the model, and with the proposed DAES, we can strike a balance in selecting the best model. By using SHAP, we can analytically interpret the waiting time in outpatient service (e.g., the length of the queue affects the waiting time the most) and provide explanations about the expected waiting time to patients. The proposed framework aids in improving operations, considering practical application in hospitals for real-time patient notification and minimizing patient dissatisfaction. Given the significance of managing hospital operations from the perspective of patients, this work is expected to contribute to operations improvement in health service practices.