bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A TaOx/TiOy Bilayer Memristor with Enhanced Synaptic Features for Neuromorphic Computing
Authors: Zhu Mingmin , Yu Zhendi , Hu Gao , Yu Kai , Jiang Yulong , Wang Jiawei , Dong Wenjing , Guo Jinming , Qiu Yang , Yu Guoliang , Zhou Hao‐Miao 
Published: May 2024

AbstractMemristors are a candidate device for artificial neural systems due to their excellent conductance‐regulation ability and potential to simulate the characteristics of biological synapses. This study fabricated a Pt/TaOx/TiOy/Ti analog artificial synapse memristor that exhibits excellent multilevel storage property with a large on/off ratio of ≈660 times. The dynamic resistive switching mechanism is well expounded and validated by the reset stopping voltage dependent Schottky fitting results. Moreover, the essential biological synaptic characteristics such as long‐term potentiation/depression (LTP/D) and paired‐pulse facilitation (PPF) are successfully mimicked with a low pulse energy consumption of 12.69 nJ. A neuromorphic network constructed on the enhanced symmetry and linearity of conductance for this Pt/TaOx/TiOy/Ti memristive device can achieve 92.45% accuracy in recognizing handwritten pattern. These results demonstrate a significant potential for application Pt/TaOx/TiOy/Ti memristor in non‐volatile memory and bioinspired neuromorphic systems.
Efficient and Ultrastable Iodide Oxidation Reaction Over Defect‐Passivated Perovskite Photoanode for Unassisted Solar Fuel Production
Authors: Yun Juwon , Park Young Sun , Lee Hyungsoo , Jeong Wooyong , Jeong Chang‐Seop , Lee Chan Uk , Lee Jeongyoub , Moon Subin , Kwon Eunji , Lee Soobin , Kim Sumin , Kim Junhwan , Yu Seungho , Moon Jooho 
Published: May 2024

AbstractRecently, lead halide perovskites have emerged as promising photoanode materials for efficient hydrogen production. However, the sluggish kinetics of the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and interfacial defect‐mediated charge accumulation inevitably result in efficiency loss and degradation of perovskite photoanodes. Herein, a defect‐passivated electron transport layer‐based perovskite photoanode combined with a catalyst layer favorable is introduced for iodide oxidation reaction bearing a small thermodynamic barrier and rapid kinetics compared to OER for efficient solar fuel generation. The resulting perovskite photoanode revealed a saturated photocurrent density of 22.4 mA cm−2 at 0.3 V versus the reversible hydrogen electrode (VRHE) with an impressive onset potential of −0.2 VRHE as well as durability for 225 h in a neutral electrolyte. In addition, an unbiased hydrogen‐production device comprising a perovskite photoanode and Pt coil electrocatalyst is demonstrated, achieving a remarkable solar‐to‐chemical conversion efficiency of 11.45% and stable operation for 25 h. Moreover, a wireless artificial leaf‐structured device realizing solar‐driven hydrogen generation in natural sea water under outdoor sunlight is presented.
Electrochemical Oxidation of Small Molecules for Energy‐Saving Hydrogen Production
Authors: Sun Hainan , Xu Xiaomin , Fei Liangshuang , Zhou Wei , Shao Zongping 
Published: May 2024

AbstractElectrochemical water splitting is a promising technique for the production of high‐purity hydrogen. Substituting the slow anodic oxygen evolution reaction with an oxidation reaction that is thermodynamically more favorable enables the energy‐efficient production of hydrogen. Moreover, this approach facilitates the degradation of environmental pollutants and synthesis of value‐added chemicals through the rational selection of small molecules as substrates. Strategies for small‐molecule selection and electrocatalyst design are critical to electrocatalytic performance, with a focus on achieving a high current density, selectivity, Faradaic efficiency, and operational durability. This perspective discusses the key factors required for further advancement, including technoeconomic analysis, new reactor system design, meeting the requirements of industrial applications, bridging the gap between fundamental research and practical applications, and product detection and separation. This perspective aims to advance the development of hybrid water electrolysis applications.
Efficient separation in n‐butyl ether production process from computational thermodynamics to process intensification
Authors: Zhang Yanli , Zhou Mengjin , Wang Yangyang , Zhu Zhaoyou , Wang Yinglong , Cui Peizhe , Qi Jianguang , Yang Jingwei , Wang Fang 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBiobutanol is a green solvent commonly used as gasoline additive. In this study, it is proposed the separation of azeotropic mixtures of butanol and n‐butyl ether (DBE) using ionic liquids (ILs). Suitable anions [AC]− and [H2PO4]− were screened by COSMO‐RS, and the effect of carbon chain length on the separation effect was investigated using quantum chemical calculations. It was found that the anion was primarily responsible for the separation effect, which grew as the carbon chain grew. Molecular dynamics simulations were used to verify the separation performance of the selected ILs. The separation effect of ILs was further verified using vapor–liquid phase equilibrium (VLE) experiments. The extractive distillation process with [PrMIM][AC] as the extractant was investigated to demonstrate the feasibility of ILs for the separation of butanol and DBE. This study analyzes the whole process from microscopic mechanism of action, which provides new ideas for the separation of alcohol‐ether systems.
Biobutanol extraction and dehydration with eucalyptus oil yielding linear and cyclic biofuel blends
Authors: Tan Jialin , Huang Hao , Li Hengde , Cai Xiaolan , Zhou Guangping , Zeng Boxi , He Jinrui , Wang Xiang , Xie Shaoqu 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe biobutanol‐based biofuel fermentation is hindered by the challenge of inadequate fermentation broth concentration and the azeotropic systems of water. The application of eucalyptus oil in diesel fuel makes it a promising extractant for biobutanol extraction and dehydration, thus resulting in product recovery and the development of fuel blend technology. Eucalyptus oil‐derived 1,8‐cineole was applied to acetone‐butanol‐ethanol (ABE) and isobutanol systems to enhance the butanol recovery and dehydration. The recovery of n‐butanol and isobutanol reached 92% and 95%, respectively, while the water removal in a 2% butanol system exceeded 99%. These results demonstrated that 1,8‐cineole exhibited a high selectivity toward butanol, thus providing a robust theoretical foundation for the fermentation‐based biofuel recovery and the elimination of azeotropic systems. The introduction of high‐density diesel‐fuel‐like eucalyptus oil into low‐energy‐density biobutanol will increase the energy density of fermentation‐based alcohols, yielding linear and cyclic biofuel blends.
SUGP2 p.(Arg639Gln) variant is involved in the pathogenesis of hemochromatosis via the CIRBP/BMPER signaling pathway
Authors: Li Yanmeng , Xu Anjian , Liu Susu , Zhang Wei , Zhou Donghu , OuYang Qin , Zi Huaduan , Zhang Bei , Zhang Ning , Geng Wei , Zhou Yiming , Duan Weijia , Wang Xiaoming , Zhao Xinyan , Ou Xiaojuan , Fan Changfa , Jia Jidong , Huang Jian 
Published: May 2024

AbstractPathogenic variants in HFE and non‐HFE genes have been identified in hemochromatosis in different patient populations, but there are still a certain number of patients with unexplained primary iron overload. We recently identified in Chinese patients a recurrent p.(Arg639Gln) variant in SURP and G‐patch domain containing 2 (SUGP2), a potential mRNA splicing‐related factor. However, the target gene of SUGP2 and affected iron‐regulating pathway remains unknown. We aimed to investigate the pathogenicity and underlying mechanism of this variant in hemochromatosis. RNA‐seq analysis revealed that SUGP2 knockdown caused abnormal alternative splicing of CIRBP pre‐mRNA, resulting in an increased normal splicing form of CIRBP V1, which in turn increased the expression of BMPER by enhancing its mRNA stability and translation. Furthermore, RNA‐protein pull‐down and RNA immunoprecipitation assays revealed that SUGP2 inhibited splicing of CIRBP pre‐mRNA by a splice site variant at CIRBP c.492 and was more susceptible to CIRBP c.492 C/C genotype. Cells transfected with SUGP2 p.(Arg639Gln) vector showed up‐regulation of CIRBP V1 and BMPER expression and down‐regulation of pSMAD1/5 and HAMP expression. CRISPR‐Cas9 mediated SUGP2 p.(Arg622Gln) knock‐in mice showed increased iron accumulation in the liver, higher total serum iron, and decreased serum hepcidin level. A total of 10 of 54 patients with hemochromatosis (18.5%) harbored the SUGP2 p.(Arg639Gln) variant and carried CIRBP c.492 C/C genotype, and had increased BMPER expression in the liver. Altogether, the SUGP2 p.(Arg639Gln) variant down‐regulates hepcidin expression through the SUGP2/CIRBP/BMPER axis, which may represent a novel pathogenic factor for hemochromatosis.
A Coppoborylene Stabilized by Multicenter Covalent Bonding and Its Amphoteric Reactivity to CO
Authors: Hu Jin , Xing Xiaopeng , Wang Xuefeng 
Published: May 2024

AbstractA cationic copper‐stabilized coppoborylene was prepared and structurally characterized via infrared photodissociation spectroscopy and density functional theory calculations. This structure exemplifies a new class of borylenes stabilized by three‐center‐two‐electron metal‐boron‐metal covalent bonding interaction, displaying exceptional σ‐acidity and unparalleled π‐donor capability for CO activation that outperforms all of the known transition metal cations and is comparable or even superior to the documented base‐trapped borylenes. Its neutral form represents a monovalent boron compound with a strongly reactive amphoteric boron center built on transition‐metal‐boron bonds, which inspires the design and synthesis of new members of the borylene family.
Chiral Tetrakis Eu(III) Complexes with Ammonium Cations for Improved Circularly Polarized Luminescence
Authors: Tsurui Makoto , Takizawa Ryohei , Kitagawa Yuichi , Wang Mengfei , Kobayashi Masato , Taketsugu Tetsuya , Hasegawa Yasuchika 
Published: May 2024

AbstractLarge dissymmetry factor of the circularly polarized luminescence (gCPL) was observed in ligand and coordination tuned chiral tetrakis europium (Eu(III)) complexes with ammonium cations. The gCPL value was estimated to be −1.54, which is the largest among chiral luminescent molecules. Through photophysical measurements, single crystal X‐ray structural analyses and quantum chemical calculations, changes in the geometric and electronic structures were observed for a series of chiral tetrakis Eu(III) complexes which enhanced the gCPL value. The emission quantum yield and photosensitized energy transfer efficiencies of chiral Eu(III) complexes with ammonium cations were also larger than those of chiral Eu(III) complex with Cs+. Based on the systematic modifications and analyses for chiral tetrakis Eu(III) complex, effect of the ammonium cation on enhanced CPL brightness is reported.
Exfoliatable Layered 2D Honeycomb Crystals of Host‐guest Complexes Networked by CH‐π Hydrogen Bonds
Authors: Terasaki Seiya , Kotani Yuki , Katsuno Ryosuke , Matsuno Taisuke , Fukunaga Toshiya M. , Ikemoto Koki , Isobe Hiroyuki 
Published: May 2024

AbstractStudies of graphene show that robust chemical bonds such as covalent bonds with trigonal‐planar atoms afford layered atomic 2D crystals possessing unique properties. Although layered molecular crystals are of interest to diversify elements and structures of 2D materials, the structural diversity of molecules as well as weak intermolecular interactions inevitably makes the design to be one‐off and individual. We herein report a versatile method to assemble layered molecular crystals. By developing a D3‐symmetry host at vertices to form a honeycomb layer, a diverse range of layered 2D host–guest crystals were obtained. Substituents on the host, elements/structures of the guest, the stereochemistry of the host and types of intercalants were diversified, which should allow for 6×32×3×2 combinations for structural diversification.
A Merger of Relay Catalysis with Dynamic Kinetic Resolution Enables Enantioselective β‐C(sp3)−H Arylation of Alcohols
Authors: Lainer Bruno , Li Shuailong , Mammadova Flora , Dydio Paweł 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe conceptual merger of relay catalysis with dynamic kinetic resolution strategy is reported to enable regio‐ and enantioselective C(sp3)‐H bond arylation of aliphatic alcohols, forming enantioenriched β‐aryl alcohols typically with >90 : 10 enantiomeric ratios (up to 98 : 2 er) and 36–74 % yields. The starting materials bearing neighbouring stereogenic centres can be converted to either diastereomer of the β‐aryl alcohol products, with >85 : 15 diastereomeric ratios determined by the catalysts. The reactions occur under mild conditions, ensuring broad compatibility, and involve readily available aryl bromides, an inorganic base, and commercial Ru‐ and Pd‐complexes. Mechanistic experiments support the envisioned mechanism of the transformation occurring through a network of regio‐ and stereoselective processes operated by a coherent Ru/Pd‐dual catalytic system.
Sulfonated poly (ether ether ketone)/MOF hybrid polymer electrolyte membrane with ultra‐low methanol permeability for enhanced direct methanol fuel cell performance
Authors: Divya Kumar , Liu Huiyuan , Zhang Weiqi , Xu Qian , Su Huaneng 
Published: May 2024

AbstractA novel hybrid polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) was developed for direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC) applications by incorporating sulfonated poly (ether ether ketone) (SPEEK) with a chromium‐based metal–organic framework (MOF), namely, BUT‐8(Cr). The incorporation of BUT‐8(Cr) significantly improved the dispersion of the MOF within the SPEEK matrix, leading to alterations in surface morphology and the creation of hydrophilic channels, as confirmed by SEM. Furthermore, the presence of an excess of sulfonic groups and the flexible structure of the MOF enhanced the physicochemical properties of the membrane, such as water uptake, proton conductivity and ion exchange capacity. Importantly, well‐defined rigid coordination structure of MOF effectively blocks methanol migration, resulting in a notably low methanol permeability value of 1.6 × 10−7 cm2 s−1, compared to Nafion 117 (20 × 10−7cm2s−1). For practical DMFC operation, the hybrid membrane (~0.75 wt.% MOF) exhibited a maximum power density of 88.6mWcm−2 with current density of 434.04 mAcm−2, outperforming Nafion 117 (73.4mWcm−2 and 380 mAcm−2 respectively) at same conditions. Our results suggest that the prepared SPEEK‐0.75 hybrid membrane holds a great promise as a PEM material for DMFC applications.
Zinc Tetrafluoroborate Catalyzed Stereo‐ and Regioselective O‐Glycosylation for the Direct Synthesis of β‐Glycosides from Armed O‐Glycosyl Trichloroacetimidates
Authors: Manash Bharali Mrinmoy , Pramanik Swapnendu , Santra Abhishek 
Published: May 2024

AbstractEfficient stereo‐ and regioselective O‐glycosylation methods remain essential to capacitate the studies of sugars and sugar derivatives in various disciplines. In this work, we demonstrated an operationally simple and cost‐effective strategy for the synthesis of 1,2‐trans glycosides by the activation of armed O‐glycosyl trichloroacetimidates donor using zinc tetrafluoroborate. This mild, transition metal‐free, and scalable approach allowed stereo‐ and regioselective synthesis of β‐glycosides with a wide range of acceptors containing various protecting groups/functionalities. This method is exemplified by synthesizing a branched trisaccharide fragment related to the cell wall O‐polysaccharide of E. Coli O27.
Absent or hypoplastic nasal bone: What to tell the prospective parents?
Authors: Das Shreya , Sharma Charu , Yadav Taruna , Dubey Kalika , Shekhar Shashank , Singh Pratibha , Singh Kuldeep , Gothwal Meenakshi , Jhirwal Manisha , Shekhawat Dolat Singh 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundAbsent or hypoplastic nasal bone (AHNB) on first or second‐trimester ultrasonography (USG) is an important soft marker of Down syndrome. However, due to its varied incidence in euploid and aneuploid fetuses, there is always a dilemma of whether to go for invasive fetal testing for isolated AHNB. This study aims to assess outcomes specifically within the context of Indian ethnicity women.Materials and MethodsThis was a prospective observational study. All patients who reported with AHNB in the first‐ or second‐trimester USG were included. Genetic counseling was done, and noninvasive and invasive testing was offered. Chromosomal anomalies were meticulously recorded, and pregnancy was monitored.ResultsThe incidence of AHNB in our study was 1.16% (47/4051). Out of 47 women with AHNB, the isolated condition was seen in 32 (0.78%) cases, while AHNB with structural anomalies was seen in nine cases (0.22%). Thirty‐nine women opted for invasive testing. Six out of 47 had aneuploidy (12.7%), while two euploid cases (4.25%) developed nonimmune hydrops. The prevalence of Down syndrome in fetuses with AHNB was 8.5% (4/47) and 0.42% (17/4004) in fetuses with nasal bone present. This difference was statistically significant (p = .001).ConclusionThe results indicate that isolated AHNB cases should be followed by a comprehensive anomaly scan rather than immediately recommending invasive testing. However, invasive testing is required when AHNB is associated with other soft markers or abnormalities. As chromosomal microarray is more sensitive than standard karyotype in detecting chromosomal aberrations, it should be chosen over karyotype.
Dauerhafter und nachhaltiger Korrosionsschutz des Betonstahls in Verkehrswasserbauwerken
Authors: Rahimi Amir , Westendarp Andreas 
Published: May 2024

AbstractKorrosionsschäden aufgrund bislang wenig bekannter Schädigungsmechanismen, die kritische Reflexion bisheriger Planungsgrundsätze, aber auch neue baustoffliche Entwicklungen geben Anlass zu einer Neuorientierung bei der Planung von Maßnahmen zur Sicherstellung der Dauerhaftigkeit von Verkehrswasserbauwerken hinsichtlich Betonstahlkorrosion.
Development and application of an RNA nanostructure to induce transient RNAi in difficult transgenic plants
Authors: Zhao Xiayang , Liu Zhekai , Liu Yiqing , Lu Mingdong , Xu Jinfeng , Wu Fangli , Jin Weibo 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe development of RNA interference (RNAi) is crucial for studying plant gene function. Its use, is limited to a few plants with well‐established transgenic techniques. Spray‐induced gene silencing (SIGS) introduces exogenous double‐stranded RNA (dsRNA) into plants by spraying, injection, or irrigation, triggering the RNAi pathway to instantly silence target genes. As is a transient RNAi technology that does not rely on transgenic methods, SIGS has significant potential for studying gene function in plants lacking advanced transgenic technology. In this study, to enhance their stability and delivery efficiency, siRNAs were used as structural motifs to construct RNA nanoparticles (NPs) of four shapes: triangle, square, pentagon, and hexagon. These NPs, when synthesized by Escherichia coli, showed that triangular and square shapes accumulated more efficiently than pentagon and hexagon shapes. Bioassays revealed that RNA squares had the highest RNAi efficiency, followed by RNA triangles, with GFP‐dsRNA showing the lowest efficiency at 4 and 7 days post‐spray. We further explored the use of RNA squares in inducing transient RNAi in plants that are difficult to transform genetically. The results indicated that Panax notoginseng‐derived MYB2 (PnMYB2) and Camellia oleifera‐derived GUT (CoGUT) were significantly suppressed in P. notoginseng and C. oleifera, respectively, following the application of PnMYB2‐ and CoGUT‐specific RNA squares. These findings suggest that RNA squares are highly effective in SIGS and can be utilized for gene function research in plants.
High‐activity recombinant human carboxypeptidase B expression in Pichia pastoris through rational protein engineering and enhancing secretion from the Golgi apparatus to the plasma membrane
Authors: Li Jia , Shao Qinan , Xiang Yulong , Li Jianghua , Chen Jian , Du Guocheng , Kang Zhen , Wang Yang 
Published: May 2024

AbstractHuman carboxypeptidase B1 (hCPB1) is vital for recombinant insulin production, holding substantial value in the pharmaceutical industry. Current challenges include limited hCPB1 enzyme activity. In this study, recombinant hCPB1 efficient expression in Pichia pastoris was achieved. To enhance hCPB1 secretion, we conducted signal peptides screening and deleted the Vps10 sortilin domain, reducing vacuolar mis‐sorting. Overexpression of Sec4p increased the fusion of secretory vesicles with the plasma membrane and improved hCPB1 secretion by 20%. Rational protein engineering generated twenty‐two single‐mutation mutants and identified the A178L mutation resulted in a 30% increase in hCPB1 specific activity. However, all combinational mutations that increased specific activities decreased protein expression levels. Therefore, computer‐aided global protein design with PROSS was employed for the aim of improving specific activities and preserving good protein expression. Among the six designed mutants, hCPB1‐P6 showed a remarkable 114% increase in the catalytic rate constant (kcat), a 137% decrease in the Michaelis constant (Km), and a 490% increase in catalytic efficiency. Most mutations occurred on the surface of hCPB1‐P6, with eight sites mutated to proline. In a 5 L fermenter, hCPB1‐P6 was produced by the secretion‐enhanced P. pastoris chassis to 199.6 ± 20 mg L−1 with a specific activity of 96 ± 0.32 U mg−1, resulting in a total enzyme activity of 19137 ± 1131 U L−1, demonstrating significant potential for industrial applications.
A LC–MS/MS method for the simultaneous determination of 6‐cyanodopamine, 6‐nitrodopamine, 6‐nitrodopa, 6‐nitroadrenaline and 6‐bromodopamine in human plasma and its clinical application in patients with chronic kidney disease
Authors: Ribeiro Luiz Fernando , Babadopulos Tainah , de Oliveira Mariana G. , Nishimaru Flávio , Zatz Roberto , Elias Rosilene Motta , Moraes Odorico , Moraes Elisabete , Peterson Larryn W. , De Nucci Gilberto 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe aim of this study was to develop a high‐performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry method for the determination of 6‐cyanodopamine, 6‐nitrodopamine, 6‐nitrodopa, 6‐nitroadrenaline and 6‐bromodopamine in human plasma samples. Strata‐X 33 μm solid‐phase extraction cartridges were used for the extraction of the catecholamines from human plasma samples. The catecholamines were separated in a 150 × 3 mm Shim‐pack GIST C18‐AQ column with 3 μm particle size, placed in an oven at 40°C and perfused with 82% mobile phase A (acetonitrile–H2O; 90:10, v/v) + 0.4% acetic acid and 18% mobile phase B (deionized H2O) + 0.2% formic acid at a flow rate of 340 μl/min in isocratic mode. The injected volume was 4 μl and the run lasted 4 min. The method was linear from 0.1 to 20 ng/ml and the lower limit of quantification was 0.1 ng/ml for all analytes. The method was applied to evaluate the plasma levels of catecholamines in plasma of patients with chronic kidney disease and allowed the detection for the first time of circulating levels of the novel catecholamines 6‐bromodopamine and 6‐cyanodopamine.