bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Virulence of the entomopathogenic fungusLecanicillium(Deuteromycota: Hyphomycetes) toPissodes strobi(Coleoptera: Curculionidae)
Authors: Kope Harry H. , Alfaro René I. , Lavallée Robert 
Published: April 2009

AbstractThe widely occurring fungal genusLecanicilliumZare & W. Gams (formerlyVerticillium) includes species that are pathogenic to insects. We collected 27Lecanicilliumisolates from soil and from dead adultPissodes strobi(Peck) in British Columbia, Canada, and assessed their virulence against this host. Eighteen isolates were identified asL. longisporum(Petch) Zare & W. Gams and six asL. muscarium(Petch) Zare & W. Gams, while three isolates could not be identified to the species level. We assayed a subset of these isolates (14L. longisporum, 3L. muscarium, and 1Lecanicilliumsp.) as well as the fungal component of the commercial products Mycotal® (L. muscarium) and Vertalec® (L. longisporum) and a herbarium isolate (Lecanicilliumsp.). When adult weevils were inoculated with a conidial suspension (1 × 107conidia/mL), mycosis-related mortality at the end of a 17-day incubation period varied between 20% and 100%, depending on the isolate tested. Eight of the isolates killed >75% of weevils: aLecanicilliumsp. isolate, PFC19, which displayed the lowest LT50value; five indigenousL. longisporumisolates; and both commercial products. In a goodness-of-fit test comparing isolate virulence among species, the unidentified PFC19 isolate was found to be more effective than eitherL. longisporumorL. muscarium, whileL. longisporumcaused somewhat greater mortality thanL. muscarium. In a similar analysis, isolates extracted from soils tended to be more effective than those obtained from cadavers. Horizontal transmission to liveP. strobiwas observed using different isolates ofLecanicilliumspecies. Notwithstanding the variability in virulence, the indigenousLecanicilliumspecies that we isolated and assayed are confirmed as pathogenic toP. strobiin British Columbia.
Euvira micmac, a new species (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Aleocharinae), and first record of the genus in Canada
Authors: Klimaszewski Jan , Majka Christopher G. 
Published: April 2009

AbstractA new aleocharine species,Euvira micmacKlimaszewski and Majka,sp. nov., from Nova Scotia, Canada, is described and illustrated. This is the first record of the genusEuvirafor Canada. New data on bionomics and distribution are provided, including notes on the red oak gall environment where the species was found. A short diagnosis, description, colour habitus image, and black and white genital images are provided. The lectotype (male) and the paralectotypes (5 females) are designated forE. quadriceps(Casey). Two beetles,Litargus tetraspilotusLeConte (Mycetophagidae) andMelanophthalma americana(Mannerheim) (Latridiidae), found co-inhabiting red oak galls are newly recorded for Atlantic Canada.
Effect of melanism of alpine Colias nastes butterflies (Lepidoptera: Pieridae) on activity and predation
Authors: Roland Jens 
Published: April 2009

AbstractMelanism in the sulphur butterfly Colias nastes Boisduval was quantified and related to their ability to remain active under cool or cloudy conditions and to their risk of predation. Darker individuals were more active, moved greater distances, and disappeared from the population at a greater rate. Disappearance of darker individuals was not due to greater predation. Light-coloured individuals suffered greater predation than dark individuals, but only at higher elevations. The broad geographical pattern of increased melanism in Arctic and alpine Colias butterflies is likely a response to the consistent pattern of cooler temperatures in these habitats rather than local variation in predation pressure.
Field evaluation of host kairomones and pheromones for capture of Conophthorus coniperda (Coleoptera: Scolytidae)
Authors: Brauner A.M. , de Groot P. 
Published: April 2009

AbstractField studies were conducted to determine the attractiveness of monoterpenes and pheromones to the white pine cone beetle, Conophthorus coniperda (Schwarz), the most destructive cone and seed pest of eastern white pine, Pinus strobus L. (Pinaceae). Limonene was identified as a new attractant that acts synergistically when added to the female-produced sex pheromone, pityol. Trap catches were higher with increasing release rates of S-(–)-limonene. The enantiomers of limonene showed equivalent efficacy on mean trap catch. (–)-β-Pinene was not attractive and may be repellent to both sexes, and (–)-α-pinene was shown to have no effect on female response when added to pityol or pityol + S-(–)-limonene. The pheromones trans-verbenol, trans-pinocarveol, and myrtenol were not attractive to C. coniperda.
Effect of small-scale forest management on fungivorous Coleoptera in old-growth forest fragments in southeastern Ontario, Canada
Authors: Zeran Rebecca M. , Anderson Robert S. , Wheeler Terry A. 
Published: April 2009

AbstractFungivorous Coleoptera were sampled from old-growth and managed (selectively logged in 1999) hemlock–hardwood forests in southeastern Ontario to examine the effect of small-scale forest management on fungivore diversity in forest fragments. Sampling using flight-intercept traps and trunk-window traps for 22 weeks in 2003 yielded 11 888 beetles representing 73 species in 11 target families (Anthribidae, Cerylonidae, Endomychidae, Erotylidae, Leiodidae, Mycetophagidae, Scaphidiidae, Sphindidae, Tenebrionidae, Trogossitidae, and Zopheridae). The leiodid subfamily Leiodinae was the dominant taxon (10 386 individuals, 38 species). While old-growth stands had no recent logging and had higher volumes of coarse woody debris, species diversity and composition of fungivorous Coleoptera were similar between forest types, suggesting that the stand differences measured (recent logging history, volume of coarse woody debris) did not have a significant effect on beetle diversity in this study. Indicator species analysis showed that Triplax macra LeConte (Erotylidae) was strongly associated with old-growth stands, while Anisotoma blanchardi (Horn), Anogdus obsoletus (Melsheimer), Agathidium sp. 1 (Leiodidae), and Mycetina perpulchra (Newman) (Endomychidae) were associated with managed stands. The lack of difference observed between stand types may be related to the small size of the forest fragments or the relatively small scale of the disturbance.
Suitability ofAcer saccharumandAcer pensylvanicum(Aceraceae) for rearingAnoplophora glabripennis(Coleoptera: Cerambycidae)
Authors: Hajek Ann E. , Kalb David M. 
Published: April 2009

AbstractStriped maple (Acer pensylvanicumL.) was compared with sugar maple (Acer saccharumMarsh.) for use in rearing Asian longhorned beetles (Anoplophora glabripennis(Motschulsky)). Adult females lived longer when caged with twigs and small bolts harvested fromA. pensylvanicumduring late spring through early fall than with material fromA. saccharumcollected at the same time. Females had a shorter life-span when fed plant material from either tree species harvested from late fall through winter than with plant material fromA. pensylvanicumharvested from late spring through early fall. FemaleA. glabripennislaid more viable eggs when provided withA. pensylvanicumrather thanA. saccharum. Regardless of which of these two tree species females had experienced previously, they always chose to lay more eggs inA. pensylvanicumthan inA. saccharum. RearingA. glabripennisonA. pensylvanicumis therefore more efficient, especially when twigs and wood collected from late spring through early fall are used.
Biodiversity of ground beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae) and spiders (Araneae) across a tallgrass prairie – aspen forest ecotone in southern Manitoba
Authors: Roughley Robert E. , Pollock Darren A. , Wade David J. 
Published: April 2009

AbstractThe objective of this study was to assess the similarities and differences between selected bioindicator groups within tallgrass prairie and adjacent aspen forest. Based on pitfall trapping from 1998 to 2000, species richness and abundance of ground beetles and spiders were examined across a tallgrass prairie – aspen forest ecotone located near Winnipeg, Manitoba. The abundance of spiders and ground beetles was higher in the forested portion of the transect than in the prairie section. There were 639 specimens of ground beetles collected, representing 53 species; 19 species were found only on the prairie, 19 species were found only in the forest, and 15 species were found in both habitats, although the abundance of most species was too low to confidently assign them to either habitat type. Excluding single records in any sampling year yielded 9 prairie species, 5 forest species, and 10 species found in both aspen forest and tallgrass prairie. The five most abundant species of ground beetles were Agonum placidum (Say), Pterostichus caudicalis (Say), P. femoralis (Kirby), P. melanarius (Illiger), and Synuchus impunctatus (Say). There were 4499 specimens of spiders collected, representing 92 species; 25 species were found only in the prairie, 15 species were unique to the aspen forest, and 52 species were found in both habitats. Excluding single records in any sampling year yielded 26 prairie species, 15 forest species, and 22 species found in both habitats. The five most abundant species of spiders were Pardosa moesta Banks, P. distincta (Blackwall), Agroeca ornata Banks, Centromerus sylvaticus (Blackwall), and Alopecosa aculeata (Clerck). Our study concurs with other studies in demonstrating that there are distinct assemblages of both groups of predators in each of the two habitat types.
Variation in CanadianGomphus fraternus(Odonata: Gomphidae) in relation to the recognition of subspeciesmanitobanus
Authors: Catling Paul M. , Hughes Marjorie 
Published: April 2009

AbstractSeven characters were evaluated in 146 specimens ofGomphus fraternus(Say), including both subspecies,G. f. fraternus(Say) andG. f. manitobanusWalker, to clarify their circumscription and geographic occurrence in Canada. Specimens corresponding to subspeciesmanitobanuswere all from the Assiniboine and Red rivers and formed a discrete group in a principal components analysis, supporting their taxonomic recognition. Their distribution in Canada suggests a separation of subspecies near the boundary of the prairie ecozone in central southern Manitoba. In subspeciesfraternusthe extensor surfaces of the tibiae are largely black, with pale areas often lacking and rarely up to 50% of the segment length. Similarly the dorsal surface of abdominal segment 9 is largely black. If there is a pale area, it is <1 mm long. In subspeciesmanitobanusthe extensor surfaces of the tibiae have pale markings on ≥50% of their lengths and the dorsal surface of abdominal segment 9 has a dorsal yellow spot ≥1.4 mm long. Widespread dragonflies in western North America are paler in drier climates and the increased pale colouration in the western subspeciesmanitobanuscorresponds to this trend. Currently known only from Manitoba, subspeciesmanitobanusmay occur in prairie habitats of the Midwestern United States, based on reports of pale individuals in that region.
Six new species and records of aleocharine beetles from the Yukon and Alaska (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Aleocharinae)
Authors: Klimaszewski Jan , Godin Benoit , Pelletier Georges , Savard Karine 
Published: April 2009

AbstractSix new aleocharine species are described and illustrated from the Yukon and Alaska: Atheta (Dimetrota) cadeti Klimaszewski and Godin, sp. nov.; Atheta (Hypatheta) pseudomet lakatlana Klimaszewski and Godin, sp. nov.; Cypha inexpectata Klimaszewski and Godin, sp. nov.; Oxypoda yukonensis Klimaszewski and Godin, sp. nov., Oxypoda pseudoconvergens Klimaszewski and Godin, sp. nov.; and Clusiota antennalis Klimaszewski and Godin, sp. nov.Atheta (Rhagocneme) subsinuata (Erichson), known from the western Palaearctic region, was discovered in the Yukon and is reported in North America for the first time as an adventive species. Amischa tersa Casey is recorded from Canada and the Yukon for the first time. Twenty-four new records of aleocharine species from the Yukon are provided in addition to species described as new to science. One hundred and fifteen digital images of external and genital structures are provided for species identification.
Bumble bees influence berry size in commercialVacciniumspp. cultivation in British Columbia
Authors: Ratti Claudia M. , Higo Heather A. , Griswold Terry L. , Winston Mark L. 
Published: April 2009

AbstractWe studied the abundance, diversity, and dispersion patterns of managed and wild bee (Hymenoptera: Apoidea) populations in commercial highbush blueberry and cranberry (Ericaceae:Vaccinium corymbosumL.,Vaccinium macrocarponAit.) fields in the Fraser Valley of British Columbia, and assessed their potential as pollinators of these crops by determining which groups of bees had the greatest impact on percent yield and mass of berries. Bumble bees were evenly distributed within both crops. Other wild bee species were well distributed in blueberry fields but generally remained at edges of cranberry fields. Percent berry yield was not related to bee abundance for any group of bees, nor was species diversity correlated with berry mass. Blueberry mass and cranberry mass were related to abundance of bumble bees but not to that of honey bees or other wild bees. Bumble bees are recommended as potential alternative pollinators of these crops.
Evidence of a female sex pheromone in Bradysia odoriphaga (Diptera: Sciaridae)
Authors: Li Hong-Jun , He Xiong-Kui , Zeng Ai-Jun , Liu Ya-Jia , Jiang Shu-Ren 
Published: April 2009

AbstractThe existence of a sex pheromone of Bradysia odoriphaga Yang and Zhang was investigated prior to the possible development of a semiochemical-based monitoring system or tools for controlling this pest. In laboratory bioassays, live virgin females stimulated 91% of males to attempt to mate. Methylene dichloride washes of whole bodies and excised ovipositors of females attracted males in olfactometer assays. These results indicate the presence of a female sex pheromone in B. odoriphaga, with the ovipositor as its possible source.
Composition of spider prey captured by the waspTrypoxylon(Trypargilum)tridentatum tridentatumin two habitats in an oasis in Baja California Sur, Mexico
Authors: Domínguez Karina , Jiménez María Luisa 
Published: April 2009

AbstractTrypoxylon(Trypargilum)tridentatum tridentatumPackard (Hymenoptera: Crabronidae) is a spider-hunting wasp in mesic and xeric habitats in the arid Baja California peninsula of Mexico. Spider (Araneae) prey were collected every 2 weeks from wasp trap nests. Individuals of the family Araneidae were the most abundant prey (60.9%), followed by Theridiidae and Mimetidae. Dictynidae, Anyphaenidae, Salticidae, Uloboridae, Tetragnathidae, Miturgidae, and Philodromidae were captured only in the mesic habitat. An unidentified species ofEriophoraSimon (Araneidae) was the most frequently collected spider in the xeric habitat (29.0%), followed byTheridion submissumGertsch and Davis (Theridiidae) (24.0%), which was the commonest prey species in the mesic habitat (21.1%), andMetepeira crassipesChamberlin and Ivie (Araneidae) (16.5%). Nineteen species and three families are newly recorded as prey. The araneidsAraneus lineatipes(O.P.-Cambridge) andKaira alba(Hentz) and the uloboridsPhiloponella arizonica(Gertsch) andUloborus segregatusGertsch are new records for Baja California.
Efficiency of a herbivore–plant interaction: conversion of biomass from flax (Linaceae) to aphid, Macrosiphum euphorbiae (Hemiptera: Aphididae)
Authors: Lamb Robert J. , Grenkow Larry 
Published: April 2009

AbstractThe specific impact of the aphid Macrosiphum euphorbiae (Thomas) on seedlings of common flax, Linum usitatissimum L., is 3.317 mg/mg, quantified as the dry mass of plant tissue required to produce a unit of herbivore tissue. This measure of the efficiency of biomass conversion between trophic levels for the aphid–flax interaction is similar to that previously reported for seven species of aphid on monocotyledonous cereals (Poaceae), but lower than that for two species of aphid on a species of Brassicaceae, a dicotyledonous plant. Therefore, the interaction between M. euphorbiae and the dicot, flax, does not support the hypothesis that aphids have less impact on monocots than on dicots.
A technique for transplanting gall-making insects: impacts on gall-maker and parasitoid larvae
Authors: Cox Graham H. , Heard Stephen B. , Seehawer Julie M. 
Published: April 2009

AbstractPast studies of gall-maker-host interactions have been hampered by an inability to conduct experimental transplants of individuals between host plants. We describe a method for transplanting gall-maker larvae between galls on different individual host plants. Our method involves removing and inserting larvae through slits cut in young galls, and allows for healing and continuing growth of the gall. We developed and tested our method with larvae of the gall-making moth Gnorimoschema gallaesolidaginis Riley (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) on its two host plants, Solidago altissima L. and S. gigantea Ait. (Asteraceae). For three of four host × year combinations, unparasitized larvae survived at similar rates in transplants and controls. On one host in one year, transplant survival was low, possibly as a result of severe drought stress. Interestingly, survival of parasitized gall-maker larvae was lower in transplants for three of four host × year combinations, suggesting that gall-makers stressed by parasitoid attack are less able to tolerate transplant stress. Our technique may be applicable to many other gall-maker species, especially those making relatively thin-walled galls, and should represent a valuable new tool for the study of gall-maker-host interactions.
Titelbild: Direct CH Metalation with Chromium(II) and Iron(II): Transition‐Metal Host / Benzenediide Guest Magnetic Inverse‐Crown Complexes (Angew. Chem. 18/2009)
Authors: Alborés Pablo , Carrella Luca M. , Clegg William , García‐Álvarez Pablo , Kennedy Alan R. , Klett Jan , Mulvey Robert E. , Rentschler Eva , Russo Luca 
Published: April 2009

AbstractChrom und Eisen als die neuesten Ergänzungen des Konzepts der alkalimetallvermittelten Metallierung stellen J. Klett, R. E. Mulvey et al. in ihrer Zuschrift auf S. 3367 ff. vor. Das elektropositivere Natrium ist wesentlich für die Reaktion, doch das weniger elektropositive Chrom oder Eisen ist es, das Benzol tatsächlich deprotoniert. Diese neuartige Reaktivität kann mit einem Schachspiel verglichen werden, bei dem die Königin (Na) dem König Schach bietet und der Springer (Cr, Fe) Matt setzt.magnified image
Inside Cover: Intermolecular Methoxycarbonylation of Terminal Alkynes Catalyzed by Palladium(II) Bis(oxazoline) Complexes (Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 18/2009)
Authors: Kato Keisuke , Motodate Satoshi , Mochida Tomoyuki , Kobayashi Takuya , Akita Hiroyuki 
Published: April 2009

AbstractEin Bisoxazolin‐Ligand erhöht die Präferenz von PdII für π‐Systeme. Die direkte Umwandlung von terminalen Alkinen in β‐Methoxyacrylate mit Komplexen solcher Bisoxazolin(box)‐Liganden wird von K. Kato und Mitarbeitern in der Zuschrift auf S. 3326 ff. beschrieben. Dichtefunktionalrechnungen belegen, dass die π‐Orbitale des Liganden in [Pd(box)(TFA)2] über die Doppelbindungen und die Peripherie delokalisiert sind und energetisch nahe dem LUMO liegen. Die Reaktion kann auch in einer Synthese von Kawain genutzt werden.magnified image
Water‐soluble 3,4:9,10‐perylene tetracarboxylic ammonium as a high‐performance fluorochrome for living cells staining
Authors: Zhao Yingjie , Zhang Xin , Li Dianqing , Liu Daicheng , Jiang Wenfeng , Han Cixiang , Shi Zhiqiang 
Published: April 2009

AbstractHighly water‐soluble 3,4:9,10‐perylene tetracarboxylic ammonium with quantitative fluorescence quantum yield was designed. Owing to the high negative electrostatic potential of the perylene plane, the perylene dye remained stable over a broad pH range and was successfully applied as a high‐performance fluorochrome for living hippocampal neurons staining. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A novel gaseous dimethylamine sensor utilizing cataluminescence on zirconia nanoparticles
Authors: Yu Chao , Liu Guohong , Zuo Boli , Tang Rongjun 
Published: April 2009

AbstractA novel cataluminescence (CTL) sensor using ZrO2 nanoparticles as the sensing material was developed for the determination of trace dimethylamine in air samples based on the catalytic chemiluminescence (CL) of dimethylamine on the surface of ZrO2 nanoparticles. The CTL characteristics and the different factors on the signal intensity for the sensor, including nanomaterials, working temperature, wavelength and airflow rate, were investigated in detail. The CL intensity on ZrO2 nanoparticles was the strongest among the seven examined catalysts. This novel CL sensor showed high sensitivity and selectivity to gaseous dimethylamine at optimal temperature of 330°C. Quantitative analysis was performed at a wavelength of 620 nm. The linear range of CTL intensity vs concentration of gaseous dimethylamine was 4.71 × 10−3 to 7.07 × 10−2 mg L−1 (r = 0.9928) with a detection limit (3σ) of 6.47 × 10−4 mg L−1. No or only very low levels of interference were observed while the foreign substances such as benzene, hydrochloric acid, methylbenzene, chloroform, n‐hexane and water vapor were passing through the sensor. The response time of the sensor was less than 50 s, and the sensor had a long lifetime of more than 60 h. The sensor was successfully applied to the determination of dimethylamine in artificial air samples, and could potentially be applied to analysis of nerve agents such as Tabun (GA). Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Quantification of global DNA methylation with infrared fluorescence in liver and muscle tissues of differentially fed boars
Authors: Braunschweig Martin H. 
Published: April 2009

AbstractMethylation of cytosine residues at CpG sites is involved in various biological processes to control gene regulation and gene expression. Global DNA methylation is changed in different tumors and in cloned animals. Global DNA methylation can be accurately quantified by dot blot analysis with infrared (IR) fluorophores. Methylated lambda DNA was used as model DNA to develop and validate an immunochemical assay with IR fluorescence detection. Two different IR fluorophores were used, one to detect 5‐methylcytosine and another to account for DNA loading. A sensitive infrared detection method was established which is suitable for accurate and reproducible quantification of global DNA methylation across a wide dynamic range. This method was subsequently employed to quantify global DNA methylation in liver and in muscle tissues of boars which have received either a control diet or a methyl supplemented diet in an ongoing study. A significant difference in global DNA methylation is indicated in muscle but not in liver tissue between the two groups of boars. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.