bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Competitiveness through political environmental strategies: The case of Michelin's green tires
Authors: Hanoteau Julien 
Published: October 2009

AbstractThere is a debate as to whether green firms may become economically more competitive, as well. The answer appears circumstantial, depending on the abilities of these firms to implement and benefit from environmental competitive strategies such as environmental differentiation or eco‐efficiency. This article discusses corporate political strategies, targeting environmental regulations, as another source of competitiveness. Based on the case of Michelin's green tires, we characterize this strategy and its conduct, and analyze the conditions for its success. We show that it was the necessary complement to the environmental differentiation strategy developed and implemented by Michelin since the early 1990s. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Social networks and the internationalization of Chinese entrepreneurs
Authors: Xie Yu Henry , Amine Lyn S. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractChinese privately owned, small and medium‐sized enterprises (SMEs) are rapidly internationalizing, yet little research has been reported about how these entrepreneurs manage decisions during internationalization. This study investigates how social networks (guanxi) are used when making strategic, competitive, and marketing decisions. Interviews in China with a small sample of SME entrepreneurs revealed that cultural and ethnic factors play a surprisingly important role in their successful internationalization. In the article, we discuss managerial implications for successful internationalization of Chinese entrepreneurs, we question the completeness of current theories on the internationalization process, and we propose specific directions for future research. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Legal developments—Diversity trends include, but go way beyond, race and gender
Authors: MacGillivray Elizabeth D. , Beecher H. Juanita M. , Golden Deirdre 
Published: October 2009

AbstractA variety of new academic and other research points to the myriad ways in which society is becoming more diverse. And that fact is playing out in many ways in different workplaces. Demographic trends underlie the impact of increasingly diverse racial and ethnic groups in daily work life, and interpersonal differences range from ethnicity, gender, and religion to generational worldviews. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
An intelligent background‐correction algorithm for highly fluorescent samples in Raman spectroscopy
Authors: Zhang Zhi‐Min , Chen Shan , Liang Yi‐Zeng , Liu Zhao‐Xia , Zhang Qi‐Ming , Ding Li‐Xia , Ye Fei , Zhou Hua 
Published: October 2009

AbstractFluorescent background is a major problem in recoding the Raman spectra of many samples, which swamps or obscures the Raman signals. The background should be suppressed in order to perform further qualitative or quantitative analysis of the spectra. For this purpose, an intelligent background‐correction algorithm is developed, which simulates manual background‐correction procedure intelligently. It basically consists of three aspects: (1) accurate peak position detection in the Raman spectrum by continuous wavelet transform (CWT) with the Mexican Hat wavelet as the mother wavelet; (2) peak‐width estimation by signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR) enhancing derivative calculation based on CWT but with the Haar wavelet as the mother wavelet; and (3) background fitting using penalized least squares with binary masks. This algorithm does not require any preprocessing step for transforming the spectrum into the wavelet space and can suppress the fluorescent background of Raman spectra intelligently and validly. The algorithm is implemented in R language and available as open source software (http://code.google.com/p/baselinewavelet). Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Long‐term cardiac follow‐up of children treated with anthracycline doses of 300 mg/m2 or less for acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: Rathe Mathias , Carlsen Niels Lauritz Torp , Oxhøj Henrik , Nielsen Gunner 
Published: October 2009

AbstractBackgroundThe cardiotoxic effect of anthracyclines has been well described for moderate to high cumulative doses (>350 mg/m2). However, the question of whether sub‐clinical signs of cardiomyopathy may develop and progress over time in children receiving doses of <350 mg/m2 is controversial. The aim of the present study was to examine cardiac function with serial echocardiography from diagnosis to last follow‐up, relapse, or death, and to investigate whether suspected risk factors (e.g., age at diagnosis, gender, cumulative dose, and length of follow‐up) had a significant influence on cardiac function.ProcedureAn unselected cohort of 80 patients treated with multi‐drug chemotherapy including anthracycline doses of 300 mg/m2 or less for childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia was followed with serial echocardiograms. The deviations of each echocardiogram from normal values for the same age and body‐surface areas were calculated. The influences of risk factors were analyzed using univariate and multivariate regression. Lowess curves of time dependence were calculated.ResultsAll echocardiographic parameters including ejection fraction (EF) deteriorated significantly over time. Male gender was significantly associated with systolic dilatation of the left ventricle and positively associated with left ventricular mass. Reduction of EF was significantly associated with age at diagnosis and male gender.ConclusionsAnthracycline doses of <300 mg/m2 may contribute to a decline in cardiac function over time. Although the deterioration in cardiac parameters was not associated with clinical symptoms, life‐long cardiac surveillance for these patients is important to establish the impact of low‐dose anthracycline therapy on long‐term cardiac health. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2010;54:444–448. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Bronchial hyperreactivity in non‐atopic children with asthma and reflux: Effect of anti‐reflux treatment
Authors: Khoshoo Vikram , Mohnot Sopan , Haydel Robert , Saturno Emilio , Edell Dean , Kobernick Aaron 
Published: October 2009

AbstractIntroductionThe prevalence of bronchial hyperreactivity (BHR) or the effect of anti‐reflux treatment on BHR in children with asthma and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is not known.MethodsThirty non‐atopic children with persistent asthma were studied. Extended esophageal pH monitoring was used to diagnose GERD and methacholine challenge test (MCT) was used as a marker of BHR and performed before and 2 years after anti‐GERD treatment.ResultsOf the 21 patients positive for GERD (group A), 15 had positive MCT suggesting BHR. Of the 9 patients negative for GERD (group B), 5 had positive MCT. On repeat testing 2 years later, 11/15 group A patients and 3/5 group B patients tested negative for BHR. Group A patients were receiving fewer asthma medications and experienced fewer exacerbations than Group B patients.ConclusionsBHR is prevalent in children with asthma and GERD and improves with anti‐GERD treatment. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2009; 44:1070–1074. ©2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Non‐tuberculous mycobacteria in children with cystic fibrosis: Isolation, prevalence, and predictors
Authors: Radhakrishnan Dhenuka K. , Yau Yvonne , Corey Mary , Richardson Susan , Chedore Pamela , Jamieson Frances , Dell Sharon D. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractBackgroundScreening for non‐tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) is recommended for adults with cystic fibrosis (CF). The relevance of this organism in North American pediatric CF patients is unclear as there is limited NTM prevalence data for children. We aimed to determine the prevalence of NTM in children with CF from a single expectorated sputum and identify clinical predictors of NTM isolation. Additionally, we compared two different sputum decontamination methods before mycobacterial culture.MethodsFrom March to November 2004, all sputum‐producing patients aged 6–18 years attending the CF clinic at the Hospital for Sick Children in Toronto, Canada, were screened for NTM. Sputum samples were processed by both a single (N‐acetyl‐l‐cysteine + NaOH) and double (N‐acetyl‐l‐cysteine + NaOH + oxalic Acid) decontamination method. Using our CF clinic database and patient charts we analyzed differences in FEV1, age, sex, pancreatic sufficiency, body mass index, bacterial colonization, and antibiotic use between NTM positive and negative patients.ResultsOf 98 study patients, 6 (6.1%) were positive for NTM, 2 with Mycobacterium abscessus, and 4 with Mycobacterium avium complex. One patient with M. abscessus had clinically significant lung disease requiring treatment. We found no predictors of NTM isolation. The double decontamination method allowed detection of only half (3/6) of the positive NTM cultures.ConclusionsAs the NTM prevalence rate in children with CF is within the range previously reported in adults and there are no reliable clinical predictors for isolation, annual sputum screening is needed to identify NTM in children. Further research is needed to determine the best sputum decontamination method for NTM culture in pediatric patients. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2009; 44:1100–1106. ©2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Regulation of proteins mediating neurodegeneration in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis and multiple sclerosis
Authors: Jastorff Archana M. , Haegler Katrin , Maccarrone Giuseppina , Holsboer Florian , Weber Frank , Ziemssen Tjalf , Turck Christoph W. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractMultiple sclerosis is characterized by inflammatory demyelination and axonal loss as pathophysiological correlates of relapsing activity and progressive development of clinical disability. The molecular processes involved in this pathogenesis are still unclear as they are quite complex and heterogeneous. In this article we present protein expression analysis of brain and spinal cord tissues from different models of murine experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), the most commonly used animal model for multiple sclerosis. We observed a number of EAE‐specific protein expression and PTM differences. Proteome analysis was extended to multiple sclerosis specimens in order to validate the EAE findings. Our findings suggest the regulation of a number of proteins that shed light on the molecular mechanisms of the disease processes taking place in EAE and multiple sclerosis. We found consistent modulation of proteins including serum amyloid P component, sirtuin 2, dihydropyrimidinase‐related protein family proteins, stathmin 1, creatine kinase B and chloride intracellular channel protein 1. Functional classification of the proteins by database and the literature mining reveals their association with neuronal development and myelinogenesis, suggesting possible disease processes that mediate neurodegeneration.
Quantitative proteomic analysis of ovarian cancer cells identified mitochondrial proteins associated with paclitaxel resistance
Authors: Tian Yuan , Tan Aik‐Choon , Sun Xiaer , Olson Matthew T. , Xie Zhi , Jinawath Natini , Chan Daniel W. , Shih Ie‐Ming , Zhang Zhen , Zhang Hui 
Published: October 2009

AbstractPaclitaxel has been widely used as an anti‐mitotic agent in chemotherapy for a variety of cancers and adds substantial efficacy as the first‐line chemotherapeutic regimen for ovarian cancers. However, the frequent occurrence of paclitaxel resistance limits its function in long‐term management. Despite abundant clinical and cellular demonstration of paclitaxel resistant tumors, the molecular mechanisms leading to paclitaxel resistance are poorly understood. Using genomic approaches, we have previously identified an association between a BTB/POZ gene, NAC1, and paclitaxel resistance in ovarian cancer. The experiments presented here have applied multiple quantitative proteomic methods to identify protein changes associated with paclitaxel resistance and NAC1 function. The SKOV‐3 ovarian serous carcinoma cell line, which has inducible expression of dominant‐negative NAC1, was used to determine the paclitaxel treatment associated changes in the presence and absence of functional NAC1. Quantitative proteomic analyses were performed using iTRAQ labeling and MS. Two label‐free quantitative proteomic methods: LC‐MS and spectral count were used to increase confidence of proteomic quantification. Candidate proteins related to paclitaxel and NAC1 function were identified in this study. Gene ontology analysis of the protein changes identified upon paclitaxel resistance revealed that cell component enrichment related to mitochondria. Moreover, tubulin and mitochondrial proteins were the major cellular components with changes associated with paclitaxel treatment. This suggests that mitochondria may play a role in paclitaxel resistance.
Temperature dependent 2nd derivative absorbance spectroscopy of aromatic amino acids as a probe of protein dynamics
Authors: Esfandiary Reza , Hunjan Jagtar S. , Lushington Gerald H. , Joshi Sangeeta B. , Middaugh C. Russell 
Published: October 2009

AbstractProteins display a broad peak in 250–300 nm region of their UV spectrum containing multiple overlapping bands arising from the aromatic rings of phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan residues. Employing high resolution 2nd derivative absorbance spectroscopy, these overlapping absorption bands can be highly resolved and therefore provide a very sensitive measure of changes in the local microenvironment of the aromatic side chains. This has traditionally been used to detect both subtle and dramatic (i.e., unfolding) conformational alterations of proteins. Herein, we show that plots of the temperature dependent 2nd derivative peak positions of aromatic residues have measurable slopes before protein unfolding and that these slopes are sensitive to the dielectric properties of the surrounding microenvironment. We further demonstrate that these slopes correlate with hydration of the buried aromatic residues in protein cores and can therefore be used as qualitative probes of protein dynamics.
Design of high‐affinity S100‐target hybrid proteins
Authors: Rezvanpour Atoosa , Phillips Jeremy M. , Shaw Gary S. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractS100B and S100A10 are dimeric, EF‐hand proteins. S100B undergoes a calcium‐dependant conformational change allowing it to interact with a short contiguous sequence from the actin‐capping protein CapZ (TRTK12). S100A10 does not bind calcium but is able to recruit the N‐terminus of annexin A2 important for membrane fusion events, and to form larger multiprotein complexes such as that with the cation channel proteins TRPV5/6. In this work, we have designed, expressed, purified, and characterized two S100‐target peptide hybrid proteins comprised of S100A10 and S100B linked in tandem to annexin A2 (residues 1–15) and CapZ (TRTK12), respectively. Different protease cleavage sites (tobacco etch virus, PreScission) were incorporated into the linkers of the hybrid proteins. In situ proteolytic cleavage monitored by 1H‐15N HSQC spectra showed the linker did not perturb the structures of the S100A10‐annexin A2 or S100B‐TRTK12 complexes. Furthermore, the analysis of the chemical shift assignments (1H, 15N, and 13C) showed that residues T102‐S108 of annexin A2 formed a well‐defined α‐helix in the S100A10 hybrid while the TRTK12 region was unstructured at the N‐terminus with a single turn of α‐helix from D108‐K111 in the S100B hybrid protein. The two S100 hybrid proteins provide a simple yet extremely efficient method for obtaining high yields of intact S100 target peptides. Since cleavage of the S100 hybrid protein is not necessary for structural characterization, this approach may be useful as a scaffold for larger S100 complexes.
Development of algorithms for predicting ignition probabilities and explosion frequencies
Authors: Moosemiller Mike 
Published: October 2009

AbstractThis article covers the development of algorithms for predicting the frequencies of explosions based on a variety of design, operating and environmental conditions. Algorithms were developed for estimating unit‐based explosion frequencies, such as those reported in API, but in more detail and covering a much broader range of chemical process types. This article also shows the developed methods for predicting scenario‐based explosion frequencies, using frequencies of initiating events and conditional probabilities of immediate ignition and delayed ignition resulting in explosion. The algorithms were based on a combination of published data and expert opinion. © 2009 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Process Saf Prog, 2010
Photophysical properties of the asymmetrically substituted spirobifluorenes spiro‐DPO and spiro‐MeO‐DPO
Authors: Brendel Cornelia M. , Dias Fernando B. , Saragi Tobat P. I. , Monkman Andy P. , Salbeck Josef 
Published: October 2009

AbstractThe photophysical behaviour of the oxadiazolyl (PBD) and diphenylamino (TAD) substituted spirobifluorenes 2′,7′‐bis‐(N,N‐diphenylamino)‐2‐(5‐(4‐tert‐butylphenyl)‐1,3,4‐oxadiazol‐2‐yl)‐9,9′‐spirobifluoren (spiro‐DPO) and 2′,7′‐bis‐(N,N‐diphenylamino)‐2‐(5‐(4‐tert‐butylphenyl)‐1,3,4‐oxadiazol‐2‐yl)‐9,9′‐spirobifluoren (spiro‐MeO‐DPO) has been investigated by temperature‐dependent steady‐state absorption and luminescence spectroscopy and gated measurements. Fluorescence and phosphorescence lifetime measurements, relative quantum yields and dipole moments of the excited states have been determined. Asymmetrically substituted spirobifluorenes exhibit charge‐transfer (CT) emission due to coupling (spiroconjugation) between the fluorene fragments of spirobifluorene. They show a considerable ground‐state dipole moment and exist as equilibrating conformeres. Population of the CT state only occurs after absorption to the locally excited singlet state. The CT fluorescence is dominated by the emission of two equilibrating conformeres with similar dipole moments. At low temperature they planarize in both molecular halves and show strong phosphorescence that is still detectable at room temperature.
The effect of rapid thermal annealing on characteristics of carbon coatings on optical fibers
Authors: Yu Jen‐Feng , Chen Tsuen‐Sung , Lin Hung‐Chien , Shiue Sham‐Tsong 
Published: October 2009

AbstractCarbon films are deposited on silica glass fibers by radio‐frequency plasma‐enhanced chemical vapor deposition (rf‐PECVD), and the properties of these optical fibers are improved by rapid thermal annealing. The annealing temperatures are set to 100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 550, 600, and 700 °C. Experimental results show that the thickness and surface roughness of carbon films decrease with increasing annealing temperature, ranging from as‐deposited to 500 °C, while the sp2 carbon bonding, sp3 CH3 bonding, optical bandgap, and water contact angle (CA) of carbon films increase. As the annealing temperature increases from 550 to 700 °C, parts of the carbon films are delaminated. The sp3 CH3 bonding in carbon films is shifted to the sp3 CH2 bonding, and the sp3 CH2 bonding is subsequently transferred to the sp2 CH bonding. Meanwhile, the amount of the sp2 carbon bonding in carbon films increases, while the optical bandgap decreases. Based on the evaluation of water repellency and low‐temperature morphology of carbon films, the carbon film annealed at a temperature of 500 °C is the best for production of carbon‐coated optical fibers. As compared to conventional thermal annealing (CTA), rapid thermal annealing (RTA) is more effective to improve the properties of carbon‐coated optical fibers.
Effect of lattice mismatch on gate lag in high quality InAlN/AlN/GaN HFET structures
Authors: Leach J. H. , Wu M. , Ni X. , Li X. , Özgür Ü. , Morkoç H. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractGrown lattice matched to GaN, InAlN‐based heterojunction field effect transistors (HFETs) are promising due to the relatively large band discontinuity at the interface and lack of misfit strain. Despite the recent progress in the growth, there still exists some questions as to the true lattice matching condition of InAlN to GaN due to discrepancies in the value of the lattice parameters of the InN binary, as well as the literature value of the InAlN bowing parameters. In order to address this, we used the gate lag as a supplementary measurement to verify lattice matching to the underlying GaN, as strain‐free layers would not have piezoelectric charge at the surface, which would be one source of lag. We observe very low lag for a nearly lattice matched barrier, and a marked increase as the composition deviates from the lattice matched condition. Additionally, FETs fabricated on a nearly matched layer boast a maximum drain current of over 1.5 and ∼2.0 A/mm and transconductances of ∼275 and ∼300 mS/mm at DC and in pulsed modes, respectively, and a cutoff frequency of 15.9 GHz (an fT*LG product of 10.3) for a gate length of 0.65 µm.
Resistivity study of RuSr2GdCu2O8 superconductor
Authors: Mohan Rajneesh , Singh Kiran , Kaur Nupinderjeet , Kumar Naresh , Bhattacharya Shovit , Gaur Neeraj K. , Gupta Shiv K. , Singh Ram K. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractThe superconducting properties of RuSr2GdCu2O8 (Ru‐1212) superconductor strongly depend on the processing conditions. In this report we have made an investigation on the influence of processing method and heat treatments on the superconducting properties, as well as normal state resistivity of RuSr2GdCu2O8 (Ru‐1212) compound. The samples were prepared using solid‐state reaction of high purity oxides and carbonates of constituents cations through direct method, precursor method, and standard method used for the synthesis of Ru‐1212 compounds. These samples were then subjected to different annealing treatments in different atmosphere (oxygen and air) for 120 h. They have been investigated by X‐ray diffraction, dc resistivity and scanning electron microscopy. The normal state resistivity has been studied on the basis of various conduction mechanisms.
Slow positron moderator studies at Brandeis – Collaborative work with Karl F. Canter
Authors: Amarendra G. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractThe collaborative research work carried out with Karl F Canter on slow positron moderators at Brandeis University is presented. A compact electrostatic positron beam has been designed and constructed for the determination of slow positron yield of single crystalline W(100) moderator foil with provision for in‐situ heating and surface characterization. Moderation yield is found to gradually increase with successive heating cycles, which is also correlated with the removal of surface and bulk carbon‐vacancy complexes. The work on inert Ar gas moderator is also briefly discussed. (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)