bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ АМІНОКИСЛОТНОГО СКЛАДУ СЕРПІЮ УВІНЧАНОГО
Authors: Марчишин С. М. , Слободянюк Л. В. , Бойко Л. А. , Коробко Д. В. , Пелиньо Б. М. 
Published: June 2024

Вступ. Серпій увінчаний (Serratula coronata L.) – багаторічна трав’яниста рослина роду Серпій (Serratula L.) родини айстрові (Asteraceae). У дикому стані він росте на сухих луках, по узліссях, у чагарниках північної частини степу, лісостеповій зоні та південній частині Полісся. В Україні рослина культивується. У традиційній медицині серпій увінчаний використовують як засіб, що має в’яжучі, протизапальні, жаро­знижувальні, жовчогінні, протиблювотні й седативні властивості. Настій трави рекомендують усередину при хворобах шлунка, блюванні, проносі, жовтяниці, геморої, гарячці, недокрів’ї та психічних захворюваннях. Сьогодні досліджено антимікробні, антидепресантні властивості серпію увінчаного, розроблено косметичні препарати, що містять екстракти з трави Serratula coronata L. з високим вмістом екдистероїдів, які є корисними для лікування таких проблем шкіри, як псоріаз і себорея. У джерелах наукової літератури відомостей про фітохімічне дослідження рослини недостатньо.
Мета дoслідження – визначити якісний склад і встановити кількісний вміст амінокислот, які наявні в серпію увінчаного траві й підземних органах.
Метoди дoслідження. Матеріалом для досліджень були серпію увінчаного трава і підземні органи, які заготовляли під час цвітіння рослини у 2022 р. на дослідних ділянках відділу культурної флори Національного ботанічного саду імені М. М. Гришка НАН України (м. Київ). Якісний склад і кількісний вміст амінокислот визначали на газовій хромато-мас-спектрометричній системі Agilent 6890N/5973inert (“Agilent technologies”, СШA).
Результати й oбгoвoрення. У серпію увінчаного досліджуваній траві ідентифіковано 16 зв’язаних амінокислот і 12 вільних, у підземних органах – 16 зв’язаних та 10 вільних. З вільних амінокислот у серпію увінчаного траві й підземних органах домінував L-пролін, вміст якого становив 54,41 і 48,34 мг/г відповідно. Зі зв’язаних аміно­кислот у траві й підземних органах досліджуваного виду виявлено значну кількість L-аспарагінової кислоти (56,10 і 42,27 мг/г відповідно) та L-лейцину (49,11 і 31,69 мг/г відповідно). Досліджувана сировина серпію увінчаного містить 7 незамінних амінокислот: L-треонін, L-валін, L-метіо­нін, L-ізолейцин, L-лейцин, L-фенілаланін і L-лізин. Вміст незамінних амінокислот у траві рослини становив 192,32 мг/г, у підземних органах був дещо меншим – 122,17 мг/г.
Висновки. Методом газової хромато-мас-спектрометрії в серпію увінчаного траві й підземних органах ідентифіковано і встановлено кількісний вміст індивідуальних амінокислот. У досліджуваній сировині виявлено значну кількість вільних та зв’язаних амінокислот. У серпію увінчаного траві ідентифіковано 16 зв’язаних амінокислот і 12 вільних, у підземних органах – 16 зв’язаних та 10 вільних. З вільних амінокислот у серпію увінчаного траві й підземних органах кількісно переважає L-пролін (54,41 і 48,34 мг/г відповідно), зі зв’язаних – L-аспарагінова кислота (56,10 і 42,27 мг/г відповідно) та L-лейцин (49,11 і 31,69 мг/г відповідно).
РОЗРОБКА І ВАЛІДАЦІЯ МЕТОДИКИ ВИЗНАЧЕННЯ РАМІПРИЛУ ТА ГІДРОХЛОРТІАЗИДУ ДЛЯ ВИВЧЕННЯ ПРОФІЛІВ РОЗЧИНЕННЯ
Authors: Типлинська К. В. , Логойда Л. С. 
Published: June 2024

Вступ. При розробці генеричних лікарських препаратів важливим є порівняння їх профілів розчинення з профілями розчинення оригінального препарату. Тому необхідно розробити швидкі й чутливі методики дослідження профілів розчинення.
Мета дослідження – розробити і валідувати аналітичну методику одночасного визначення раміприлу та гідрохлортіазиду методом рідинної хроматографії, яку можна застосовувати для дослідження профілів розчинення комбінованих препаратів.
Методи дослідження. При проведенні дослідження використовували стандартні зразки раміприлу та гідрохлортіазиду (USP RS), реактиви класу А, таблетки Раміприлу з Гідрохлортіазидом 2,5 мг/12,5 мг та 10 мг/25 мг. Зразки аналізували на рідинному хроматографі з діодноматричним детектором Agilent 1260. Використовували колонку Inertsil ODS-3 (4,6×150×3 мкм); рухома фаза А – 0,2 г/л розчину натрію гексансульфонату (рН 2,7); рухома фаза Б – ацетонітрил; швидкість рухомої фази – 1,5 мл/хв; довжина хвилі детектування – 210 нм; температура колонки – 45 °С, градієнтний режим елюювання.
Результати й обговорення. Розроблено методику одночасного визначення раміприлу та гідрохлортіазиду методом рідинної хроматографії в чотирьох середовищах розчинення (0,1 М розчин кислоти хлористоводневої і буферні розчини рН 1,2, рН 4,5 та рН 6,8). Розроблена методика має достатню лінійність, правильність і прецизійність та є стійкою до незначних змін умов хроматографування. Чутливість методики становить 0,2 мкг/мл для раміприлу та 0,4 мкг/мл для гідрохлортіазиду. Досліджений діапазон дозволяє використовувати методику для дозувань від 2,5 до 10 мг раміприлу та від 12,5 до 25 мг гідро­хлортіазиду.
Висновки. Розроблена методика може забезпечити одночасне визначення раміприлу та гідрохлор­тіазиду при дослідженні профілів розчинення комбінованого препарату.
Impacts of Parameterizing Estuary Mixing on the Large-Scale Circulations in the Community Earth System Model
Authors: Vettoretti Guido , Nuterman Roman , Jochum Markus 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Riverine outflow between the land surface/cryosphere and the ocean undergoes intricate physical and biogeochemical transformations in estuaries before it finally merges with oceanic waters. To enhance our understanding of these transformations, estuary box models (EBMs) are being incorporated into comprehensive Earth system models. These models aim to refine our knowledge of both physical and biogeochemical processes. In our study, we conducted simulations using the Community Earth System Model, version 2, both with and without the inclusion of an EBM that was jointly developed by the University of Connecticut and the National Center for Atmospheric Research and by default included in the climate model. The objective was to examine the influence of these modifications on global climate patterns. We performed these simulations under fixed atmospheric and runoff conditions, using a standalone version of the ocean/sea ice components of the model. Additionally, we conducted a fully coupled Earth system model simulation at a 2° atmosphere and 1° ocean resolution. The implementation of the EBM into the ocean component of the model resulted in regional variations and noticeable improvements in the salinity distribution on the Siberian shelves and at the Amazon outflow. Interestingly, our findings revealed that the tropical Atlantic Ocean plays a significant role in controlling the global salinity distribution. Due to the tropical Atlantic circulation, which redirects thermocline water southward while allowing surface waters to continue northward, the improved vertical mixing in the EBM leads to an accumulation of salt in the North Atlantic and a freshening of other ocean basins. This shift subsequently results in an intensification of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation and a northward shift of tropical precipitation patterns.

Significance Statement
This research investigates the impact of riverine outflow interactions with ocean waters on global climate dynamics. Implementing an enhanced representation of river runoff within a global climate model reveals that the tropical Atlantic region is pivotal in regulating the salinity distribution across the world’s oceans. This dynamic leads to an increased salt concentration in the North Atlantic and extends its influence to other ocean basins. The resulting shifts in salinity have profound consequences, as they alter rainfall patterns in the tropics. The insights gained from this study contribute to the advancement of climate projections, offering society a valuable tool to anticipate and adapt to the impending effects of climate change more effectively.
Intrusions and Turbulent Mixing above a Small Eastern Mediterranean Seafloor Slope
Authors: van Haren Hans 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Growing evidence is found in observations and numerical modeling of the importance of steep seafloor topography for turbulent diapycnal mixing leading to redistribution of suspended matter and nutrients, especially in waters with abundant internal tides. One of the remaining questions is the extent of turbulent mixing away from and above nearly flat topography, which is addressed in this paper. Evaluated are observations from an opportunistic, weeklong mooring of high-resolution temperature sensors above a small seafloor slope in about 1200-m water depth of the eastern Mediterranean. The environment has weak tides, so that near-inertial motions and near-inertial shear dominate internal waves. Vertical displacement shapes suggest instabilities to represent locally generated turbulent overturns, rather than partial salinity-compensated intrusions dispersed isopycnally from turbulence near the slope. This conclusion is supported by the duration of instabilities, as all individual overturns last shorter than the mean buoyancy period and sequences of overturns last shorter than the local inertial period. The displacement shapes are more erratic than observed in stronger stratified waters in which shear drives turbulence and better correspond with predominantly buoyancy-driven convection turbulence. This convection turbulence is confirmed from spectral information, generally occurring dominant close to the seafloor and only in weakly stratified layers well above it. Mean turbulence values are 10–100 times smaller than those found above steep ocean topography, but 10 times larger than those found in the open-ocean interior.
The 5-HT1A receptor biased agonists, NLX-204 and NLX-101, like ketamine, elicit rapid-acting antidepressant activity in the rat chronic mild stress model via cortical mechanisms
Authors: Papp Mariusz , Gruca Piotr , Litwa Ewa , Lason Magdalena , Newman-Tancredi Adrian , Depoortère Ronan 
Published: June 2024

Background: The highly selective 5-HT1A serotonin receptor “biased” agonists NLX-101 and NLX-204 display, like ketamine, potent and efficacious rapid-acting antidepressant (RAAD) activity in the rat chronic mild stress (CMS) model with systemic (i.p.) administration. They rapidly (within 1 day) reverse anhedonia (i.e., CMS-induced sucrose consumption deficit), attenuate working memory deficit (novel object recognition: NOR), and decrease anxiety behavior in the elevated-plus maze (EPM). Aims: Here, we sought to explore the contribution of prefrontal cortex (PFC) 5-HT1A receptor activation in the RAAD activity of NLX compounds. Results/Outcomes: In male Wistar rats, unilateral PFC microinjections of NLX-204 and NLX-101 (16 µg), like ketamine (10 µg), reproduced the effects of their systemic administration: they reversed CMS-induced sucrose consumption deficit, attenuated anxiety (EPM), and reduced working memory deficits (NOR). In addition, unilateral PFC microinjections of the selective 5-HT1A antagonist, WAY-100,635 (2 µg), attenuated the beneficial effects of systemic NLX-204 and NLX-101 (0.16 mg/kg i.p.) in the sucrose intake and NOR models, indicating that these compounds exert their RAAD activity specifically through activation of PFC 5-HT1A receptors. Conclusions/Interpretation: These data indicate that 5-HT1A receptor biased agonists share with ketamine a common neuroanatomical site for RAAD activity, which can be obtained not only by targeting glutamatergic/NMDA neurotransmission (ketamine’s primary mechanism of action) but also by activating 5-HT1A receptors, as is the case for the NLX compounds. The present observations also reinforce the notion that biased agonism at 5-HT1A receptors constitutes a promising strategy to achieve RAAD effects, with additional benefits against cognitive deficits and anxiety in depressed patients, without ketamine’s troublesome side effects.
Establishment of a Posttraumatic Osteoarthritis Model in Mice Induced by Noninvasive Anterior Cruciate Ligament Tear
Authors: Okazaki Yuki , Nakagawa Yusuke , Deng Xiang-Hua , Zhang Xueying , Wada Susumu , Album Zoe , Ying Liang , Rodeo Scott A. 
Published: June 2024

Background: Animal models that use open surgical transection of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) do not accurately simulate the clinical condition regarding the pivot-shift mechanism and the associated inflammatory response that occurs before reconstruction. Purpose/Hypothesis: The purpose was to characterize a reproducible manual, nonsurgical method to mimic an isolated ACL tear in a clinically relevant model and to evaluate the development of progressive posttraumatic osteoarthritis due to ACL injury. It was hypothesized that the ACL could be reproducibly torn with minimal damage to other ligaments and that there would be progressive development of degenerative joint disease after ACL injury. Study Design: Controlled laboratory study. Methods: A total of 37 mice (strain C57BL/6) were used to compare the manual procedure with sham surgery (sham group; n = 10) and with the established surgical ACL transection (ACLT) procedure (surgical group; n = 27). In the sham group, a closed manual procedure was performed on the right knee and sham surgery on the left knee. In the surgical group, the closed manual procedure was performed on the right knee and surgical ACLT on the left knee. Dissection using India ink, histological assessment with safranin O and hematoxylin-eosin staining, radiological evaluation through radiographs and microfocus computed tomography scans, and gait analyses were performed to assess cartilage/ligament status. Osteoarthritis Research Society International (OARSI) and synovitis scores, anterior tibial translation, range of motion, bone microstructure, osteophyte volume, and pain were assessed at 2, 4, and 8 weeks postoperatively. Results: The manual procedure successfully resulted in an ACL rupture and associated meniscal injury. The posterior cruciate, lateral collateral, and medial collateral ligaments were intact in all dissected knees. Two weeks after ACL tear, the surgical group showed a significantly higher synovitis score, whereas 8 weeks after ACL tear, the manual group showed a significantly higher volume of osteophytes. No significant differences were found between the groups in terms of OARSI score, anterior tibial translation, range of motion, bone microstructure computed tomography values, and stride distance/irregularity. Conclusion: This procedure can be used to create an ACL tear model without causing grossly evident injuries to other ligaments and avoiding the risk of cartilage damage from surgical instruments. Clinical Relevance: This procedure offers a more clinically relevant ACL tear model and facilitates simple, inexpensive, and reproducible development of posttraumatic osteoarthritis.
Interobserver agreement of peritoneal dialysis exit site scoring: Results from the Standardizing Care to Improve Outcomes in Pediatric End Stage Kidney Disease (SCOPE) collaborative
Authors: Keswani Mahima , Mallet Kathleen , Richardson Troy , Swartz Sarah J , Neu Alicia , Warady Bradley A 
Published: June 2024

Background: Exit site infections are a risk factor for the development of peritonitis in patients on long-term peritoneal dialysis. Visual assessments of an exit site utilising currently available tools (Twardowski and Mid-European Pediatric Peritoneal Dialysis Study Group (MEPPS)) are necessary to objectively characterise the appearance of an exit site. The aim of this study was to assess the interobserver agreement of exit site evaluations utilising both exit site scoring tools. Methods: Exit site evaluations were independently performed by two evaluators during outpatient visits at 13 sites within the Standardizing Care to Improve Outcomes in Pediatric End Stage Kidney Disease collaborative. The frequency and percentage of evaluations where both reviewers agreed were calculated. A sub-analysis was performed looking at evaluations where disagreement occurred. Results: A total of 371 paired exit site evaluations were collected over 6 months. For the majority of evaluations (range: 78%–97% Twardowski, 78%–97% MEPPS), both reviewers agreed that no abnormality was present across all domains. When the analysis was restricted to evaluations where at least one reviewer noted an abnormality, interobserver agreement fell across all domains (range: 31%–61% Twardowski, 56%–66% MEPPS). Disagreements more commonly occurred regarding the presence versus absence of an abnormality, rather than a difference in the severity of an abnormality. Conclusions: Whereas interobserver agreement is high when the appearance of a peritoneal dialysis catheter exit site is characterised as ‘normal’, interobserver disagreement is common when the appearance of the exit site is ‘abnormal’. Further work is warranted to improve interobserver agreement of exit site assessments and to identify domains conferring an increased risk of infection.
Effect of Cogmed Working Memory Training on Auditory Attention Span of Children and Adolescents with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)
Authors: Lal Nitin Anandi , Kothari Saroj 
Published: June 2024

Background: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by inattention, hyperactivity, and/or impulsiveness. The studies on non-pharmacological treatment for ADHD are rather sparse. In India, usually, ADHD is assessed using rating scales, and not much importance is given on selective attention, that is, auditory and/or visual. Kofler1 hypothesized a functional relationship between working memory (WM) and inattention. Aim: The current research was planned to study the effect of Cogmed Working Memory Training (CWMT) program on various parameters of the auditory attention span of children and adolescents having ADHD. Methods: A total of 30 children were taken for the current study. Parental consent was taken. Auditory attention span of the sample was measured by the Continuous Auditory Test of Attention (CATA). After pre-assessment, the children underwent CWMT program for 5 weeks. Cogmed is a scientifically researched program, which has been recommended to be used for improvement of WM and attention. At the end of the training, the children were reassessed by the abovementioned tool, CATA. t-test was used to analyze the pre-intervention and post- intervention data for auditory inattentiveness, impulsivity, sustained attention, and two age groups. Mann-Whitney U-test was used to analyze the comparison between male and female gender groups. Results: Results indicate the effectiveness of Cogmed Working Training Program on auditory attention span of children with ADHD. Conclusion: The results need to be validated if the improvement is sustained over a period of time with follow up assessment.
Effects of community-based fall prevention interventions for older adults using information and communication technology: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Lee Kayoung , Yi Jungeun , Lee Seon-Heui 
Published: June 2024

Objectives: This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to investigate the effect of fall prevention interventions using information and communication technology (ICT). Methods: A comprehensive search across four databases was performed. The inclusion criteria were fall prevention interventions including telehealth, computerized balance training, exergaming, mobile application education, virtual reality exercise, and cognitive-behavioral training for community-dwelling adults aged ≥60 years. Results: Thirty-four studies were selected. Telehealth, smart home systems, and exergames reduced the risk of falls (RR = 0.63, 95% CI [0.54, 0.75]). Telehealth and exergame improved balance (MD = 3.30, 95% CI [1.91, 4.68]; MD = 4.40, 95% CI [3.09, 5.71]). Telehealth improved physical function (SMD = 0.69, 95% CI [0.23, 1.16]). Overall, ICT fall interventions improved fall efficacy but not cognitive function. For quality of life (QOL), mixed results were found depending on the assessment tools. Conclusion: Future investigations on telehealth, smart home systems, or exergames are needed to motivate older adults to exercise and prevent falls.
Outcomes in Drainage Ankle Disarticulation vs Guillotine Transtibial Amputation in the Staged Approach to Below-Knee Amputation
Authors: Mayer Alissa M. , Cates Nicole K. , Tefera Eshetu , Ragothaman Kevin K. , Fan Kenneth L. , Evans Karen K. , Steinberg John S. , Attinger Christopher E. 
Published: June 2024

A transtibial amputation is the traditional primary staged amputation for source control in the setting of non-salvageable lower extremity infection, trauma, or avascularity prior to progression to proximal amputation. The primary aim of the study is to compare preoperative risk factors and postoperative outcomes between patients who underwent transtibial amputation versus ankle disarticulation in staged amputations. A retrospective review of 152 patients that underwent staged below the knee amputation were compared between those that primarily underwent transtibial amputation (N = 70) versus ankle disarticulation (N = 82). The mean follow-up for all 152 patients was 2.1 years (range = 0.04-7.9 years). The odds of incisional healing were 3.2 times higher for patients with guillotine amputation compared to patients with ankle disarticulation (odds ratio [OR] = 3.2, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.437-7.057). The odds of postoperative infection is 7.4 times higher with ankle disarticulation compared to patients with guillotine amputation (OR = 7.345, 95% CI = 1.505-35.834). There were improved outcomes in patients that underwent staged below the knee amputation with primarily guillotine transtibial amputation compared to primarily ankle disarticulation. Ankle disarticulation should be reserved for more distal infections, to allow for adequate infectious control, in the aims of decreasing postoperative infection and improving incisional healing rates. Levels of Evidence: 3, Retrospective study