bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of C1‐Symmetric Chiral Secondary Diamines and Their Applications in the Asymmetric Copper(II)‐Catalyzed Henry (Nitroaldol) Reactions.
Authors: Zhou Yirong , Dong Junfang , Zhang Fanglin , Gong Yuefa 
Published: March 2011

AbstractA number of new title diamines is prepared and tested as ligands in Henry reaction.
ChemInform Abstract: Rhodium‐Catalyzed Asymmetric 1,4‐Addition of Sodium Tetraarylborates to β,β‐Disubstituted α,β‐Unsaturated Esters.
Authors: Shintani Ryo , Hayashi Tamio 
Published: March 2011

AbstractThe asymmetric rhodium‐catalyzed 1,4‐addition of sodium tetraalkylborates to β,β‐disubstituted α,β‐unsaturated esters creates quaternary carbon stereocenters with high enantioselectivity.
ChemInform Abstract: Zinc Chloride Homogeneous Catalysis in the Tritylation of Hydroxyl‐ and Amide‐Bearing Molecules.
Authors: Maltese Maurizio , Vergari Maria Cecilia , Donzello Maria Pia 
Published: March 2011

AbstractA novel protocol based on the use of trityl acetate in the presence of catalytic amounts of zinc chloride is developed.
ChemInform Abstract: Direct Organocatalytic α‐Sulfenylation of Aldehydes and Ketones with Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide.
Authors: Enders Dieter , Rembiak Andreas , Liebich Jens X. 
Published: March 2011

AbstractOptimized conditions A) using disulfide (I) as electrophilic sulfenylation reagent are developed for the conversion of acyclic ketones and aldehydes.
ChemInform Abstract: Highly Selective Cobalt‐Mediated [6 + 2] Cycloaddition of Cycloheptatriene and Allenes.
Authors: Clavier Herve , Le Jeune Karel , de Riggi Innocenzo , Tenaglia Alphonse , Buono Gerard 
Published: March 2011

AbstractOnly one regioisomer is obtained with an excellent (E) selectivity.
ChemInform Abstract: Formation of N‐Sulfonylamidines by Copper‐Catalyzed Coupling of Sulfonyl Azides, Terminal Alkynes, and Trialkylamines.
Authors: Yavari Issa , Ahmadian Salome , Ghazanfarpur‐Darjani Majid , Solgi Yazdan 
Published: March 2011

AbstractThe three‐component reaction involves coupling of copper acetylides with azides to give ketimine intermediates which are trapped by trialkylamines to yield the title compounds.
ChemInform Abstract: Regio‐ and Enantioselective Intermolecular Hydroacylation: Substrate‐Directed Addition of Salicylaldehydes to Homoallylic Sulfides.
Authors: Coulter Matthew M. , Kou Kevin G. M. , Galligan Baye , Dong Vy M. 
Published: March 2011

AbstractThe regioselectivity is based on the high directing potential of coordinating sulfur atom.
ChemInform Abstract: One‐Step Synthesis of β‐Lactams with Retro‐Amide Side Chain.
Authors: Janikowska Karolina , Pawelska Natalia , Makowiec Slawomir 
Published: March 2011

AbstractCarbamoylketenes, generated in situ from substrates (I) or (IV) bearing an N‐aryl substituent, react with aldimines to give the title compounds in moderate yields.
ChemInform Abstract: An Efficient and Clean Synthesis of Symmetrical and Unsymmetrical 3,3‐Di(indolyl)indolin‐2‐ones Using KSF.
Authors: Nikpassand Mohammad , Mamaghani Manouchehr , Tabatabaeian Khalil , Samimi Heshmat Alah 
Published: March 2011

AbstractBoth symmetrical (III) and unsymmetrical (IV) 3,3‐di(indolyl)indolin‐2‐ones are obtained in a simple and convenient procedure using montmorillonite KSF clay as heterogeneous catalyst.
ChemInform Abstract: Iron‐Mediated [3 + 2] or [3 + 3] Annulation of 2‐(2‐(Ethynyl)phenoxy)‐1‐arylethanones: Selective Synthesis of Indeno[1,2‐c]chromenes and 5H‐Naphtho[1,2‐c]chromenes.
Authors: Wang Zhi‐Qiang , Lei Yong , Zhou Ming‐Bo , Chen Guo‐Xiang , Song Ren‐Jie , Xie Ye‐Xiang , Li Jin‐Heng 
Published: March 2011

AbstractIndeno[1,2‐c]chromenes are formed if the substrates bear a terminal aryl group at the alkyne moiety.
ChemInform Abstract: A Practical, One‐Pot Synthesis of Sulfonylated Pyridines.
Authors: Maloney Kevin M. , Kuethe Jeffrey T. , Linn Kathleen 
Published: March 2011

AbstractElectron‐deficient chloro‐, bromo‐, iodo‐pyridines or a triflate (XIV) are sulfonylated using Bu4NCl as a catalyst in DMA.
ChemInform Abstract: Catalytic Asymmetric Allylation of 3,4‐Dihydroisoquinolines and Its Application to the Synthesis of Isoquinoline Alkaloids.
Authors: Miyazaki Michiko , Ando Nami , Sugai Keita , Seito Yuki , Fukuoka Hiromi , Kanemitsu Takuya , Nagata Kazuhiro , Odanaka Yuki , Nakamura Kazuo T. , Itoh Takashi 
Published: March 2011

AbstractAn improved method allows formation of the 1‐allylated tetrahydroisoquinolines (S)‐ and (R)‐(III) with good enantioselectivity.
ChemInform Abstract: [2 + 2 + 2]‐Cocyclotrimerization of 6‐Alkynyl‐7‐benzylpurines with α,ω‐Diynes.
Authors: Opekar Stanislav , Turek Pavel , Pohl Radek , Klepetarova Blanka , Votruba Ivan , Hocek Michal , Kotora Martin 
Published: March 2011

AbstractIn some cases the products (VIII) have to be purified for several times resulting in lower yields.
ChemInform Abstract: A Clean and Expedient Synthesis of Pyrido[1,4]oxazepino Spiropyrrolidines Through One‐Pot, Three‐Component [3 + 2] Cycloaddition Reaction.
Authors: Kathiravan S. , Babu A. R. Suresh , Raghunathan R. 
Published: March 2011

AbstractA small series of hitherto unknown pyrido[1,4]oxazepine fused spiropyrrolidines (IV) are synthesized through one‐pot, three‐component intermolecular 1,3‐dipolar cycloaddition reaction of Baylis—Hillman adduct derived benzylidene oxazepines with azomethine ylide.
ChemInform Abstract: Stereoselective anti‐SN2′ Mitsunobu Reaction of α‐Hydroxy‐α‐Alkenylsilanes.
Authors: Higashino Masato , Ikeda Naoko , Shinada Tetsuro , Sakaguchi Kazuhiko , Ohfune Yasufumi 
Published: March 2011

AbstractThe Mitsunobu reaction of optically active α‐hydroxy‐α‐alkenylsilanes is investigated.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Green Colored Photochromic 6′‐Arylamino Spiro [2H]Naphth[1,2‐b]oxazines.
Authors: York Mark , Evans Richard A. 
Published: March 2011

AbstractAn improved protocol for the synthesis of reversacol aqua green (IVd) and related photochromic spirooxazines is given.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Characterization of New δ‐Substituted Pentamethine Cyanine Dyes.
Authors: Mehranpour A. M. , Hashemnia S. , Maghamifar R. 
Published: March 2011

AbstractThe incorporation of the additional methyl or benzyl residues into the pyridine ring causes only a minor shifting of the respective visible absorption maxima in comparison to previously known unsubstituted cyanine dyes.
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric Synthesis of Sterically and Electronically Demanding Linear ω‐Trifluoromethyl Containing Amino Acids via Alkylation of Chiral Equivalents of Nucleophilic Glycine and Alanine.
Authors: Wang Jiang , Lin Daizong , Zhou Shengbin , Ding Xiao , Soloshonok Vadim A. , Liu Hong 
Published: March 2011

AbstractA simple, efficient, and highly enantioselective method to prepare biologically important title amino acids like (III) and (V) is reported.
ChemInform Abstract: Decalpenic Acid, a Novel Small Molecule from Penicillium Verruculosum CR37010, Induces Early Osteoblastic Markers in Pluripotent Mesenchymal Cells
Authors: Sakamoto Shuichi , et al. et al. 
Published: March 2011

Abstractisolation, structure determination and biological activity of decalpenic acid (I)
ChemInform Abstract: 2754A: A New Inhibitor of VEGFR‐2 Isolated from the Streptomyces sp. 2754
Authors: Jiang Zhong‐ke , Guo Lian‐hong , Zhang Yang , Sun Cheng‐hang , Li Yuan , Wu Jian‐bo , Jiang Rong 
Published: March 2011

Abstractisolation, physico‐chemical properties, structure and bioactivity of a new member of the nanaomycin group of antibiotics
Scalable parallel regridding algorithms for block‐structured adaptive mesh refinement
Authors: Luitjens J. , Berzins M. 
Published: March 2011

AbstractBlock‐structured adaptive mesh refinement (BSAMR) is widely used within simulation software because it improves the utilization of computing resources by refining the mesh only where necessary. For BSAMR to scale onto existing petascale and eventually exascale computers all portions of the simulation need to weak scale ideally. Any portions of the simulation that do not will become a bottleneck at larger numbers of cores. The challenge is to design algorithms that will make it possible to avoid these bottlenecks on exascale computers. One step of existing BSAMR algorithms involves determining where to create new patches of refinement. The Berger–Rigoutsos algorithm is commonly used to perform this task. This paper provides a detailed analysis of the performance of two existing parallel implementations of the Berger–Rigoutsos algorithm and develops a new parallel implementation of the Berger–Rigoutsos algorithm and a tiled algorithm that exhibits ideal scalability. The analysis and computational results up to 98 304 cores are used to design performance models which are then used to predict how these algorithms will perform on 100 M cores. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Brokering of risk‐aware service level agreements in grids
Authors: Djemame K. , Padgett J. , Gourlay I. , Armstrong D. 
Published: March 2011

AbstractService level agreements (SLAs) are facilitators for widening the commercial uptake of Grid technology. They provide explicit statements of expectation and obligation between service consumers and providers. However, without the ability to assess the probability that an SLA might fail, commercial uptake will be restricted, since neither party will be willing to agree. Therefore, risk assessment mechanisms are critical to increase confidence in Grid technology usage within the commercial sector. This paper presents an SLA brokering mechanism with risk assessment support, which evaluates the probability of SLA failure. WS‐Agreement and risk metrics are used to facilitate SLA creation between service consumers and providers within a typical Grid resource usage scenario. An evaluation is conducted to examine risk models, the performance of the broker's implementation as well as a comparison of its capabilities against similar SLA‐based solutions from the literature. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Higher‐order differentiation of network functions using signal flow graphs
Authors: Osowski Stanislaw 
Published: March 2011

SUMMARYThis paper presents the application of signal flow graphs (SFG) in the calculation of higher‐order derivatives (sensitivities) of the linear circuit functions. The idea of exact differentiation of the circuit functions is based on the adjoint networks, translated into SFG language. Thanks to its application, it is possible to calculate the exact value of any order derivative of circuit function without knowing this function in explicit form. Moreover, these derivatives can be determined on the basis of analysis of only two graphs (circuits): the original and adjoint one. We show that the SFG approach to the sensitivity calculation allows to reduce greatly the complexity of calculations. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Phosphatidylethanol in blood (B‐PEth): A marker for alcohol use and abuse
Authors: Isaksson Anders , Walther Lisa , Hansson Therese , Andersson Anders , Alling Christer 
Published: March 2011

AbstractPhosphatidylethanol (PEth) represents a group of glycerophospholipid homologues where ethanol by phospholipase D has been bound at the position that normally contains an amino‐alcohol. Since the formation of PEth is specifically dependent on ethanol, the diagnostic specificity of PEth as an alcohol biomarker is theoretically 100%. The half‐life of PEth in blood is approximately 4 days. The amount of alcohol consumed correlates to blood concentration of PEth and PEth has been shown to be a more sensitive indicator of alcohol consumption than traditional alcohol markers, such as CDT (carbohydrate‐deficient transferrin), GGT (γ‐glutamyl transferase), and MCV (mean corpuscular volume) or a combination of these. Almost all clinical data so far available are based on a high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method with limited analytical sensitivity. With the advent of methods with considerably higher analytical sensitivity (e.g. mass spectrometric methods), clinical sensitivity will increase correspondingly. The possibility of determining very low concentrations of PEth by new sensitive analytical techniques may, however, have both ethical and legal consequences that have to be considered. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Transcriptional programming in the immune system: Report on the International Workshop of the Transregio TR52, November 17–20, 2010 in Würzburg, Germany
Authors: Berberich‐Siebelt Friederike , Avots Andris , Serfling Edgar 
Published: March 2011

AbstractBetween November 17–20, 2010, an international workshop was organized by the Transregio TR52 Würzburg/Mainz/Berlin at the Virchow Center of University Würzburg. Introduced by the Virchow Medal Lecture, given by Meinrad Busslinger, more than 25 presentations were delivered by renowned guest scientists and approximately the same number of short lectures by members of the Transregio on Gene Expression in Cells of the Immune System. This report tries to reflect the spirit of the meeting and its scientific highlights.
Homo‐ and Heterometallic Terbium Alkoxides – Synthesis, Characterization and Conversion to Luminescent Oxide Nanostructures
Authors: Hemmer Eva , Huch Volker , Adlung Matthias , Wickleder Claudia , Mathur Sanjay 
Published: March 2011

AbstractTerbium alkoxides in homometallic ― [Tb3(μ3‐OtBu)2(μ2‐OtBu)3(OtBu)4 (HOtBu)2] (1), [Tb{OC(tBu)3}3(THF)] (2) ― and heterometallic configurations ― [TbAl(μ2‐OiPr)3(OiPr)3(iPrOH)]2 (3), [TbAl3(μ2‐OiPr)6(OiPr)6] (4) ― were synthesized and characterized by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction. Decomposition of 1 and 2 under solvothermal conditions produced Tb(OH)3 nanorods, whereby the material formation and crystallization were influenced by the steric profile of the organic ligand, which controlled the hydrolysis and condensation reactions of the precursor molecules. Monophasic terbium aluminate in the perovskite phase (TbAlO3) was obtained by the sol–gel processing of 3. Heterometallic frameworks present in 3 and 4 were, however, unstable under solvothermal conditions and resulted in hydroxide–oxide composites [Tb(OH)3/Al2O3/Al(OH)3]. Compound 4 exhibited sufficient vapour pressure to be used in the chemical vapour deposition (CVD) process to grow Tb–O–Al thin films. Crystalline compositions obtained on MgAl2O4 and SiO2 (quartz) substrates were garnet and perovskite phases, and were ascribed to the crystallographic relationship between the substrate and CVD deposits. The optical properties of the powders obtained were studied by photoluminescence spectroscopy.
A CAG repeat polymorphism of KCNN3 predicts SK3 channel function and cognitive performance in schizophrenia
Authors: Grube Sabrina , Gerchen Martin F. , Adamcio Bartosz , Pardo Luis A. , Martin Sabine , Malzahn Dörthe , Papiol Sergi , Begemann Martin , Ribbe Katja , Friedrichs Heidi , Radyushkin Konstantin A , Müller Michael , Benseler Fritz , Riggert Joachim , Falkai Peter , Bickeböller Heike , Nave Klaus‐Armin , Brose Nils , Stühmer Walter , Ehrenreich Hannelore 
Published: March 2011

AbstractKCNN3, encoding the small conductance calcium‐activated potassium channel SK3, harbours a polymorphic CAG repeat in the amino‐terminal coding region with yet unproven function. Hypothesizing that KCNN3 genotypes do not influence susceptibility to schizophrenia but modify its phenotype, we explored their contribution to specific schizophrenic symptoms. Using the Göttingen Research Association for Schizophrenia (GRAS) data collection of schizophrenic patients (n = 1074), we performed a phenotype‐based genetic association study (PGAS) of KCNN3. We show that long CAG repeats in the schizophrenic sample are specifically associated with better performance in higher cognitive tasks, comprising the capacity to discriminate, select and execute (p < 0.0001). Long repeats reduce SK3 channel function, as we demonstrate by patch‐clamping of transfected HEK293 cells. In contrast, modelling the opposite in mice, i.e. KCNN3 overexpression/channel hyperfunction, leads to selective deficits in higher brain functions comparable to those influenced by SK3 conductance in humans. To conclude, KCNN3 genotypes modify cognitive performance, shown here in a large sample of schizophrenic patients. Reduction of SK3 function may constitute a pharmacological target to improve cognition in schizophrenia and other conditions with cognitive impairment.→See accompanying Closeup by Anil K Malhotra http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/emmm.201100137
Analysis of the effects of different storm events on shoreline dynamics of an artificially embayed beach
Authors: Archetti Renata , Romagnoli Claudia 
Published: March 2011

ABSTRACTA five‐year dataset of Argus‐derived mean intertidal positions has been analysed to characterize the shoreface variability in a beach protected by a system of groynes and a parallel low crested structure (Lido di Dante Ravenna, Italy). For the period 2004–2009, 84 intertidal beach bathymetries and shorelines at the zero sea level were used as indicators to assess beach changes in between a number of selected surveys and to determine characteristic patterns of the beach response to storm events from different directions. Variations in the shoreline at the zero sea levels have been quantified and analysed in conjunction with nearshore wave conditions and provenance linked to storm events. These fall into two categories: (1) storm events occurring during Bora (north‐eastern) wind conditions and (2) storm events occurring during Scirocco (south‐eastern) wind conditions. The results show that, apart from main beach advances of the whole protected beach due to nourishments periodically carried out, a marked variability is observed among the four sub‐cells into which the shoreface behaviour has been separately analysed. In particular, a dependence of beach rotation in the ‘artificially embayed’ area on the substantially bi‐directional wave climate has been shown: Bora and Scirocco storm events produce shoreline rotation in counterclockwise and clockwise directions, respectively, due to the occurrence of longshore currents in the opposite direction in the nearshore. An attempt was made to correlate the shoreface dynamics for the main rotation events (14 selected ones) to the wave attack intensity (as the total energy flux due to storm events). A relationship seems to occur (for each storm category) between the shoreline displacements estimated for each sub‐cell and the total energy flux computed for inter‐survey periods, supporting the occurrence of a link between the observed morphological changes and the hydrodynamic forcing associated with storm events in the five‐year monitoring period. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Equilibrium sampling of environmental pollutants in fish: Comparison with lipid-normalized concentrations and homogenization effects on chemical activity
Authors: Jahnke Annika , Mayer Philipp , Adolfsson-Erici Margaretha , McLachlan Michael S 
Published: March 2011

Abstract
Equilibrium sampling of organic pollutants into the silicone polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) has recently been applied in biological tissues including fish. Pollutant concentrations in PDMS can then be multiplied with lipid/PDMS distribution coefficients (DLipid,PDMS) to obtain concentrations in fish lipids. In the present study, PDMS thin films were used for equilibrium sampling of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in intact tissue of two eels and one salmon. A classical exhaustive extraction technique to determine lipid-normalized PCB concentrations, which assigns the body burden of the chemical to the lipid fraction of the fish, was additionally applied. Lipid-based PCB concentrations obtained by equilibrium sampling were 85 to 106% (Norwegian Atlantic salmon), 108 to 128% (Baltic Sea eel), and 51 to 83% (Finnish lake eel) of those determined using total extraction. This supports the validity of the equilibrium sampling technique, while at the same time confirming that the fugacity capacity of these lipid-rich tissues for PCBs was dominated by the lipid fraction. Equilibrium sampling was also applied to homogenates of the same fish tissues. The PCB concentrations in the PDMS were 1.2 to 2.0 times higher in the homogenates (statistically significant in 18 of 21 cases, p &lt; 0.05), indicating that homogenization increased the chemical activity of the PCBs and decreased the fugacity capacity of the tissue. This observation has implications for equilibrium sampling and partition coefficients determined using tissue homogenates. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2011; 30:1515–1521. © 2011 SETAC
Comparative hepatic microsomal biotransformation of selected PBDEs, including decabromodiphenyl ether, and decabromodiphenyl ethane flame retardants in Arctic marine-feeding mammals
Authors: McKinney Melissa A , Dietz Rune , Sonne Christian , De Guise Sylvain , Skirnisson Karl , Karlsson Karl , Steingrímsson Egill , Letcher Robert J 
Published: March 2011

Abstract
The present study assessed and compared the oxidative and reductive biotransformation of brominated flame retardants, including established polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and emerging decabromodiphenyl ethane (DBDPE) using an in vitro system based on liver microsomes from various arctic marine-feeding mammals: polar bear (Ursus maritimus), beluga whale (Delphinapterus leucas), and ringed seal (Pusa hispida), and in laboratory rat as a mammalian model species. Greater depletion of fully brominated BDE209 (14–25% of 30 pmol) and DBDPE (44–74% of 90 pmol) occurred in individuals from all species relative to depletion of lower brominated PBDEs (BDEs 99, 100, and 154; 0–3% of 30 pmol). No evidence of simply debrominated metabolites was observed. Investigation of phenolic metabolites in rat and polar bear revealed formation of two phenolic, likely multiply debrominated, DBDPE metabolites in polar bear and one phenolic BDE154 metabolite in polar bear and rat microsomes. For BDE209 and DBDPE, observed metabolite concentrations were low to nondetectable, despite substantial parent depletion. These findings suggested possible underestimation of the ecosystem burden of total-BDE209, as well as its transformation products, and a need for research to identify and characterize the persistence and toxicity of major BDE209 metabolites. Similar cause for concern may exist regarding DBDPE, given similarities of physicochemical and environmental behavior to BDE209, current evidence of biotransformation, and increasing use of DBDPE as a replacement for BDE209. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2011; 30:1506–1514. © 2011 SETAC