bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Asymmetric gap balancing improves knee kinematic following primary total knee arthroplasty
Authors: Valpiana Pieralberto , Salvi Andrea Giordano , Ghirardelli Stefano , Bernardi Matteo , Petralia Giuseppe , Aloisi Giuseppe , Schaller Christian , Indelli Pier Francesco 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this study was to demonstrate closer-to-normal knee kinematics following primary total knee arthroplasty (TKA) performed establishing asymmetric gap balancing intraoperatively.

Material and method
Two age-, sex-, BMI-matched groups of patients underwent medially stabilized TKA because of isolated knee disease. Group A (12 patients) underwent “unrestricted” kinematic alignment (uKA) according to Howell while group B (15 patients) received robot-assisted “simplified” KA (sKA) with an alignment goal (Hip-Knee-Ankle axis-HKA) ± 5° respect to the mechanical axis. Intraoperatively, in group B, the flexion gap at 90° was first set at an average of 1.5 mm (0–5 mm; SD 4.4 mm) tighter in the medial compartment with respect to the lateral; in the same way, the extension gap was then set at an average of 2.0 mm (0–4.5 mm; SD 3.1 mm) tighter in the medial compartment with respect to the lateral. All patients, including a non-arthritic cohort (group C: 5 controls) underwent gait analysis using an instrumented treadmill (WalkerView–WV) equipped with an instrumented belt armed with a 3D video camera. The WV software evaluated multiple spatiotemporal and kinematic parameters, including: (1) contact time (s); (2) knee ROM during gait cycle; (3) step length percentage with respect to total gait (%) and pure step length (cm). Statistical analyses included t-Test and ANOVA and were conducted by using SPSS.

Results
At the final FU, significant differences were noted during gait between the two TKA groups (uKA-sKA) and the controls. Both TKA groups showed superior mean contact time on the surgical knee (uKA 1 s; sKA 0.97 s) as compared to the controls (0.72 s) (P = 0.002) while no differences were found between them (P = 0.11). TKA groups showed a lower, maximum ROM in the surgical knee (mean uKA 36º; mean sKA 49º) relative to the controls (mean 57º) (P < 0.05) but a statistical difference was found between them (P = 0.003). Both TKA groups showed a higher step length percentage with respect to the total gait and a shorter step length on the surgical side (uKA: mean 8.28% and mean step length 35.5 cm; sKA: mean 8.38% and mean step length 34.6 cm) in comparison to the controls (mean 3.38%; mean step length 71.4 cm) (P < 0.05) while no statistical differences were found between them.

Conclusion
To our knowledge, this was the first study to exhibit the kinematic advantages of a slightly asymmetric gap balancing during KA TKA. Combining a medially-stabilized implant design and a surgical technique aiming to obtain a tighter medial compartment represents a promising approach to improve outcomes after TKA.

Graphical Abstract
Imaging in lingual abscess: a case report
Authors: Campos Oscar , Aris Ricardo , Santorcuato Francisca , Whittle Carolina , Figueroa Liberto , Pedregal Pedro 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
Lingual abscess corresponds to an infection that manifests itself as a painful swelling in the tongue with purulent material inside. This is a rare entity and the information available in the literature is limited and based on clinical case reports. Therefore, the diagnosis, etiology, clinical manifestations, and treatment are not fully defined.

Case presentation
The aim of this work was to describe the imaging of a case of lingual abscess, focusing on imaging evaluation using ultrasound and computed tomography (CT), and comparing the diagnostic utility of both modalities in smaller lingual abscesses. This case was treated with antibiotics and adequate drainage was performed, with good evolution.

Conclusions
Tongue abscess is a rare pathology due to the various mechanisms that the tongue has to avoid infections; however, it is a diagnosis that we must consider. CT may be sufficient to diagnose it on imaging, but in smaller lesions, ultrasound with a high-frequency transducer provides more information.
Global, regional and national burdens of depression in adolescents and young adults aged 10–24 years, from 1990 to 2019: findings from the 2019 Global Burden of Disease study
Authors: Yang Cheng-hao , Lv Jia-jie , Kong Xiang-meng , Chu Feng , Li Zhi-bin , Lu Wei , Li Xin-yu 
Published: April 2024

BackgroundDepression is a significant mental health concern affecting the overall well-being of adolescents and young adults. Recently, the prevalence of depression has increased among young people. Nonetheless, there is little research delving into the longitudinal epidemiology of adolescent depression over time.AimsTo investigate the longitudinal epidemiology of depression among adolescents and young adults aged 10–24 years.MethodOur research focused on young people (aged 10–24 years) with depression, using data from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2019. We explored the age-standardised prevalence, incidence and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) of depression in different groups, including various regions, ages, genders and sociodemographic indices, from 1990 to 2019.ResultsThe prevalence, incidence and DALYs of depression in young people increased globally between 1990 and 2019. Regionally, higher-income regions like High-Income North America and Australasia recorded rising age-standardised prevalence and incidence rates, whereas low- or middle-income regions mostly saw reductions. Nationally, countries such as Greenland, the USA and Palestine reported the highest age-standardised prevalence and incidence rates in 2019, whereas Qatar witnessed the largest growth over time. The burden disproportionately affected females across age groups and world regions. The most prominent age effect on incidence and prevalence rates was in those aged 20–24 years. The depression burden showed an unfavourable trend in younger cohorts born after 1980, with females reporting a higher cohort risk than males.ConclusionsBetween 1990 and 2019, the general pattern of depression among adolescents varied according to age, gender, time period and generational cohort, across regions and nations.
Melanocortin-1 Receptor Expression as a Marker of Progression in Melanoma
Authors: Su David G. , Djureinovic Dijana , Schoenfeld David , Marquez-Nostra Bernadette , Olino Kelly , Jilaveanu Lucia , Kluger Harriet 
Published: April 2024

PURPOSE Melanocortin-1 receptor (MC1R) plays a critical role in human pigmentation and DNA repair mechanisms. MC1R-targeting agents are being investigated in clinical trials in patients with melanoma, yet large studies investigating the rate and degree of MC1R expression in primary and metastatic human melanoma tissue are lacking. METHODS Using tissue microarrays containing three large cohorts of 225 cases of benign nevi, 189 with primary melanoma, and 271 with metastatic melanoma, we applied quantitative immunofluorescence and immunohistochemistry to comprehensively study MC1R protein expression. RESULTS We show a stepwise elevation of MC1R expression in different stages of melanoma progression (nevi, primary, metastasis). Higher MC1R expression was seen in deeper (>1 mm) primary lesions and ulcerated lesions and was associated with shorter survival in primary and metastatic tumors. On multivariable analysis, Breslow thickness, male sex, and chronic sun exposure were independent predictors of worse overall survival in the primary melanoma cohort. CONCLUSION Our data suggest that MC1R might be a valuable drug target in aggressive melanoma. Additional studies are warranted to determine its functional significance in melanoma progression and its utility as a predictive biomarker in patients receiving MC1R-directed therapies.
Recurrent Falls Due to Hypoglycemia: Case of an IGF-2-producing Fibrous Tumor of the Pleura
Authors: Guijt Mathijs Cornelis , Heineman David J , Jonker Jacqueline Thérèse 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
This case report delineates the clinical presentation of a 77-year-old male who experienced falls and sustained a humerus fracture attributed to hypoglycemia. Despite the absence of insulin use and normal laboratory results for cortisol, TSH, blood count, and liver and kidney function, a fasting test revealed diminished C-peptide and insulin levels, ruling out insulinoma, exogenous insulin use, or β-cell hyperplasia. Subsequent laboratory investigations demonstrated lowered IGF-1 and elevated IGF-2 levels, indicative of an IGF-2-producing tumor as the etiology of the hypoglycemia. A positron emission tomography computed tomography scan identified a right-sided thoracic cavity tumor, prompting an open resection. Postoperatively, hypoglycemic episodes abated within 2 days, and pathology confirmed a 14.9-cm solitary fibrous tumor. Nonislet cell tumor hypoglycemia (NICTH), also known as Doege Potter syndrome, arises from aberrant production of IGF-2 or its precursors. Elevated IGF-2 levels induce hypoglycemia through heightened glucose uptake on binding to insulin receptors. The literature supports the efficacy of both surgical intervention and corticosteroids in managing NICTH. This case underscores the importance of considering NICTH as a rare etiology in unexplained hypoglycemia cases, advocating for the utility of fasting tests in diagnosis, and suggesting surgical resection as a viable treatment option when radical excision is feasible.
Nonperforming Loan Disposals Without Resolution
Authors: Charoenwong Ben , Miao Meng , Ruan Tianyue 
Published: April 2024

Using proprietary data on nonperforming loan (NPL) transactions in China, we document that banks conceal NPLs in disposal transactions that are supposed to resolve NPLs. In these transactions, banks provide financing and retain the credit risks and debt collection obligations. Transaction prices contradict underlying credit risks: Despite being delinquent for 4.5 years, the median NPL package is sold at face value with zero haircut. The majority of NPL packages are resold at a premium to banks’ non–government-owned borrowers, further supporting the concealment view. Banks under stricter regulation conceal NPLs more and engage in more illicit concealment. NPL-concealing banks increase zombie lending, suggesting that an ineffective resolution exacerbates credit misallocation. Recognizing the hidden NPLs implies the total NPLs in China is two to three times the reported amount. This paper was accepted by Victoria Ivashina, finance. Funding: B. Charoenwong acknowledges financial support from the Singapore Ministry of Education [AcRF Tier 1 Research Grant A-8000760-00-00]. T. Ruan acknowledges financial support from the National University of Singapore (NUS) [Start-Up Grant A-0003870-00-00]. B. Charoenwong and T. Ruan acknowledge financial support from the NUS Business School Financial Database [Grant N-311-000-251-001]. Supplemental Material: The online appendix and data files are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2022.02163 .
Ileorectal anastomosis in ulcerative colitis: what do surgeons and patients need to know? A systematic literature review
Authors: Orchard MR , Saracino A , Hooper J , Shabbir J 
Published: April 2024

Introduction Ileal pouch–anal anastomosis (IPAA) is currently the gold standard for restoration of gastrointestinal continuity after colectomy for ulcerative colitis in the UK. However, with further experience of the risks relating to IPAA, the use of ileorectal anastomosis (IRA) is being revisited. Decisions regarding restorative surgery after colectomy are individual to every patient's circumstances, and this paper aims to provide a comprehensive review of the literature to guide a full discussion of the risks and benefits of IRA. Methods A systematic literature review was conducted of papers published from 2000 onwards relating to IRA and ulcerative colitis, in accordance with the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines. The papers were reviewed by two independent surgeons for information it was felt that patients and surgeons would want to know about the operation (cancer risk, bowel function, sexual and urinary function, fecundity/fertility and postoperative complications). Results Seventeen papers were identified for inclusion as they reported original data on one or more of the categories identified for discussion. The median ten-year cancer risk after IRA was 2.8% and the median failure rate at ten years was 21%. IRA was generally found to have lower postoperative complication rates and better bowel function than IPAA, with sexual function similar and fecundity not commented on in any paper. Conclusions For some patients, IRA can offer restorative surgery in the short or long term, with acceptable cancer risk, failure rate and postoperative complications, while avoiding the higher risks associated with IPAA.
An analysis of the risk factors for intimate partner sexual violence against women and girls in Mexico
Authors: Torres Munguía Juan Armando 
Published: April 2024

The goal of this study is to identify the extent to which a set of risk factors from the ecological model are associated with intimate partner sexual violence victimisation in Mexico.
To achieve this goal, a structured additive probit model is applied to a dataset of 35,004 observations and 42 correlates.
Findings indicate that age at sexual initiation, women’s sexual and professional autonomy, and social connectedness are associated with their victimisation risks.
The findings provide evidence of factors that were previously unknown in Mexico or were solely based on theory but lacking empirical analysis. There are four key contributions. First, findings indicate that factors closer to the individual, such as personal experiences and interpersonal relationships, are more influential in explaining the women’s risks of IPSV victimisation. Second, significant factors were identified, including age at first sexual intercourse, autonomy in sexual and professional decision-making, and social networks. Third, it was possible to identify high-risk population subgroups that are often overlooked, such as women who had their sexual initiation during childhood. Finally, the introduction of some emerging indicators allowed for the examination of the experiences faced by women in various aspects of life, such as decision-making power and social networks.
Aminotransferases as causal factors for metabolic syndrome: A bidirectional Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Lingyu Meng , Hongguang Li , Mingdong Zhang , Na Li , Yahui Liu 
Published: April 2024

Background
Circulating aminotransferases (ALT and AST) have been used as biomarkers for liver injury. The causal relationships between aminotransferases and metabolic syndrome remain ambiguous.

Methods
We conducted bidirectional and multivariable Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses between aminotransferases and traits related to metabolic syndrome using genetic variants obtained from genome-wide association studies (GWASs). MR-PRESSO tests were adopted to remove outliers and eliminate pleiotropy. MR steiger tests were conducted to ensure the correct direction of the causal effects.

Results
Both aminotransferases were risk factors for essential hypertension. ALT is a risk factor for type 2 diabetes. The bidirectional causal relationship between ALT and hyperglycemia, serum lipids, and obesity was demonstrated. The effect of fasting glucose on AST was demonstrated, while type 2 diabetes did not affect AST. The effect of HDL-C on ALT and the effect of triglycerides on AST were found in multivariable MR analyses.

Conclusions
Our bidirectional MR analyses suggest that ALT and AST are causally associated with several metabolic syndrome-related traits, especially hypertension and type 2 diabetes. These findings highlight the potential role of aminotransferases as biomarkers and therapeutic targets for metabolic syndrome.
Genetic variant rs1205 is associated with COVID-19 outcomes: The Strong Heart Study and Strong Heart Family Study
Authors: Best Lyle G. , Erdei Esther , Haack Karin , Kent Jack W. , Malloy Kimberly M. , Newman Deborah E. , O’Leary Marcia , O’Leary Rae A. , Sun Quan , Navas-Acien Ana , Franceschini Nora , Cole Shelley A. 
Published: April 2024

Background
Although COVID-19 infection has been associated with a number of clinical and environmental risk factors, host genetic variation has also been associated with the incidence and morbidity of infection. The CRP gene codes for a critical component of the innate immune system and CRP variants have been reported associated with infectious disease and vaccination outcomes. We investigated possible associations between COVID-19 outcome and a limited number of candidate gene variants including rs1205.

Methodology/Principal findings
The Strong Heart and Strong Heart Family studies have accumulated detailed genetic, cardiovascular risk and event data in geographically dispersed American Indian communities since 1988. Genotypic data and 91 COVID-19 adjudicated deaths or hospitalizations from 2/1/20 through 3/1/23 were identified among 3,780 participants in two subsets. Among 21 candidate variants including genes in the interferon response pathway, APOE, TMPRSS2, TLR3, the HLA complex and the ABO blood group, only rs1205, a 3’ untranslated region variant in the CRP gene, showed nominally significant association in T-dominant model analyses (odds ratio 1.859, 95%CI 1.001–3.453, p = 0.049) after adjustment for age, sex, center, body mass index, and a history of cardiovascular disease. Within the younger subset, association with the rs1205 T-Dom genotype was stronger, both in the same adjusted logistic model and in the SOLAR analysis also adjusting for other genetic relatedness.

Conclusion
A T-dominant genotype of rs1205 in the CRP gene is associated with COVID-19 death or hospitalization, even after adjustment for relevant clinical factors and potential participant relatedness. Additional study of other populations and genetic variants of this gene are warranted.
Interference of metamizole in the measurement of serum creatinine concentration
Authors: Castro-Castro María-José , Cachón-Suárez Isabel , Maestre-Fernández Andrea , Navarro-Badal Rosa 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Objectives
There is little literature on the interference of metamizole in measurement creatinine concentration by the enzymatic method. Some studies have postulated that the dipyrone molecule is responsible for interfering in the last reaction of the enzymatic method sequence, due to its similarity with the 4-aminophenazone molecule. The aim of this study is to examine the interference of the presence of metamizole in the measurement of serum creatinine concentration by the enzymatic method.

Methods
An interference study of the measurement of creatinine concentration was carried out with two measurement procedures (enzymatic and Jaffe), by adding different concentrations of metamizole to pool from 30 serum samples of patients.

Results
The interference study indicates that the results of serum creatinine concentrations in patients, as measured by the enzymatic method, decrease with the addition of increasing concentrations of metamizole.

Conclusions
There is interference with metamizole in the measurement of serum creatinine concentration by the enzymatic method that it is have not seen in the Jaffe method.
Thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA) associated with pregnancy: role of the clinical laboratory in differential diagnosis
Authors: Ramos Mayordomo Patricia , Capilla Díez Marta , Ticona Espinoza Danay Areli , Torres Jaramillo María Verónica , Martínez Tejeda Nathalie , Ticona Espinoza Thalia Gloria , Colmenero Calleja Cristina , Fraile Gutiérrez Virginia 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Objectives
Thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA) is characterized by thrombocytopenia, microangiopathic hemolytic anemia and target organ damage. Pregnancy is associated with several forms of TMA, including preeclampsia (PE), HELLP syndrome, thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) and hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS). When HUS is secondary to a deregulation of the alternative complement pathway, it is known as atypical HUS (aHUS). Differential diagnosis is challenging, as these forms share clinical characteristics. However, early diagnosis is crucial for a specific treatment to be established and improve prognosis.

Case presentation
We present the case of a 43 year-old primiparous woman admitted to hospital for an urgent C-section at 33 gestational weeks due to a diagnosis of severe preeclampsia and fetal distress. In the immediate postpartum, the patient developed acute liver failure and anuric renal failure in the context of the HELLP syndrome, anemia, thrombocytopenia, arterial hypertension (HTN) and neurological deficit. TMA study and differential diagnosis confirmed pregnancy-associated aHUS. Treatment with eculizumab was initiated, with good response and progressive improvement of clinical and analytical parameters.

Conclusions
aHUS is a rare multifactorial disease that used to be associated with high mortality rates before the advent of eculizumab. Due to challenging diagnosis, the clinical laboratory plays a major role in the differential diagnosis and management of the disease.
Introduction: Disturbing the Sedimentations of Nineteenth-Century Environments
Authors: John Stefanie , Leetsch Jennifer 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
This research cluster offers four original case studies in Victorian and neo-Victorian ecocriticism. Clustered around the key concepts of form, materiality, and politics, its articles build on recent efforts by Victorianists to analyse interconnections of nature, agriculture, industry, and empire in the nineteenth-century literary imagination. The introduction first relates the cluster’s concerns to the latest scholarship in Victorian ecocriticism, and then turns to the aims and thematic focal points of the four contributions. The articles by Julia Ditter, Felipe Espinoza Garrido, Katharina Kalthoff, and Marlena Tronicke foreground the ecological project at the heart of a variety of fictional and nonfictional genres: the sensational novel, travel and nature writing, fantasy, and neo-Victorian gothic fiction. Ditter examines industrial travel narratives in the periodical press; Espinoza Garrido investigates the eco-colonial aesthetics of Florence Marryat’s sensation fiction; Kalthoff provides an ecofeminist reading of H. G. Wells’s mermaid tale The Sea Lady; and Tronicke examines material embodiments of the Irish Famine in the work of Paul Lynch. Together, these contributions offer fresh perspectives on the emerging field of Victorian ecocriticism and embrace the interdisciplinary dialogues facilitated by the environmental humanities for the study of nineteenthcentury literature and culture.