bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Optimisation of energy efficiency of ambient backscatter communication and reconfigurable intelligent surfaces in non‐orthogonal multiple access downlink
Authors: Gao Ruiman , Li Suoping , Yang Nana , Yang Sa , Yang Qian 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe authors study the energy efficiency (EE) of ambient backscatter communication (AmBC) device‐assisted and reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RIS)‐assisted non‐orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) downlinks. The authors establish two optimisation problems based on the two collaborative devices (AmBC devices, RIS) with the objective of maximising the EE of the system, taking into account the requirements of power limitation and rate limitation, etc. and also obtain the solutions of two problems by optimising the relevant performance metrics based on the alternating optimisation algorithm. For the backscatter device (BD)‐aided downlink NOMA network, the problem is first decoupled into three subproblems, where the power allocation optimisation subproblem is solved by using the quadratic transformation method and the subgradient algorithm. The maximum EE is obtained by iterating according to the Dinkelbach's algorithm. For the RIS‐aided downlink NOMA network, the power allocation problem is solved by the same method as above and the phase optimisation problem is solved by the successive convex approximation method. Numerical results show that the proposed algorithm can achieve convergence after several iterations, and the EE of systems with BD‐assisted and RIS‐assisted have different levels of sensitivity to different influencing factors.
Proton polytropic behavior of periodic density structures in the solar wind
Authors: Katsavrias C. , Nicolaou G. , Di Matteo S. , Kepko L. , Viall N. M. , Aminalragia-Giamini S. , Livadiotis G. 
Published: May 2024

Context. In recent years, mesoscales have gained scientific interest because they have been determined to be important in a broad range of phenomena throughout heliophysics. The solar wind mesoscale structures include periodic density structures (PDSs), which are quasi-periodic increases in the density of the solar wind that range from a few minutes to a few hours. These structures have been extensively observed in remote-sensing observations of the solar corona and in in situ observations out to 1 AU, where they manifest as radial length scales greater than or equal to the size of the Earth’s dayside magnetosphere, that is, from tens to hundreds of Earth radii (RE). While the precise mechanisms that form PDSs are still debated, recent studies confirmed that most PDSs are of solar origin and do not form through dynamics during their propagation in the interplanetary space.
Aims. We further investigate the origin of PDSs by exploring the thermodynamic signature of these structures. To do this, we estimate the values of the effective polytropic index (Y) and the entropy of protons, which in turn are compared with the corresponding values found for the solar wind.
Methods. We used an extensive list of PDS events spanning more than two solar cycles of Wind measurements (the entire Wind dataset from 1995 to 2022) to investigate the thermodynamic signatures of PDSs. With the use of wavelet methods, we classified these PDSs as coherent or incoherent, based on the shared periodic behavior between proton density and alpha-to-proton ratio, and we derive the proton polytropic index.
Results. Our results indicate that the coherent PDSs exhibit lower Y values
(Ῡ≈1.54)
on average and a higher entropy than the values in the entire Wind dataset
(Ῡ≈1.79), but also exhibit similarities with the magnetic cloud of an interplanetary coronal mass ejection. In contrast, incoherent PDSs exhibit the same Y values as those of the entire Wind dataset.
Spectroscopic evidence of cool plasma in quiet Sun small-scale brightenings detected by HRIEUV on board Solar Orbiter
Authors: Dolliou A. , Parenti S. , Bocchialini K. 
Published: May 2024

Context. A large number of small and short-lived EUV brightenings have been detected in the quiet Sun (QS) over the past three years by the High Resolution Imager of the Extreme Ultraviolet Imager (HRIEUV) on board Solar Orbiter. It remains uncertain whether these events reach coronal temperatures and, thus, whether they directly contribute to coronal heating.
Aims. In this work, we evaluate the maximum temperature of 11 EUV brightenings in the QS through plasma diagnostics with UV/EUV spectroscopy and imaging.
Methods. We used three QS observations coordinated alongside those of HRIEUV: Spectral Imaging of the Coronal Environment (SPICE/Solar Orbiter), EUV Imaging Spectrometer (EIS/Hinode), and Atmospheric Imaging Assembly (AIA/SDO). We detected events in HRIEUV, ranging from 0.8 to 6.2 Mm in length. We then identified nine of them in SPICE and AIA, as well as three in EIS. We investigated their temporal evolution using their light curves and applied temperature diagnostics, such as the LOCI emission measure (EM) and the differential EM (DEM). We also estimated the electron density of one event identified in EIS.
Results. These events are dominated by emission of plasma at chromospheric and TR temperatures and they barely reach temperatures above 1 MK. As such, we concluded that their contribution to coronal heating is not dominant. The estimated density of one of the event is ne = (1.8 ± 1.3)×1010 cm−3.
Interventionelle Therapie der Lungenembolie – aktueller Stand
Authors: Ito Wulf D. 
Published: May 2024

Was ist neu?
Evidenz der systemischen Lysetherapie als Standardverfahren zur Rekanalisation Die Evidenz der systemischen Lysetherapie in High- und Intermediate-High-Lungenembolien ist niedrig. Ohne rekanalisierende Maßnahmen führt die Rechtsherz-Dekompensation in High- und Intermediate-High-Risk-Lungenembolien oft zum Tod.
Kathetergestützte Techniken In den letzten Jahren wurden mehrere Systeme zur interventionellen Rekanalisation bei Lungenembolie etabliert. Wie in anderen Feldern der vaskulären Medizin sind interventionelle Rekanalisationsmethoden auch bei der Lungenembolie potenziell effektiver als die systemische Lysetherapie, unter Umgehung erhöhter Blutungsrisiken. Auch wenn bisher Ergebnisse laufender randomisierter kontrollierter Endpunktstudien noch ausstehen, sind die bisherigen Daten vielversprechend.
Die Rolle des PERT-Teams Die zunehmend komplexere Behandlung der Lungenembolie erfordert spezialisierte interdisziplinäre Behandlungsteams, sog. Pulmonary-Artery-Response-Teams (PERT-Teams) und strukturierte Behandlungsabläufe.
Ultraschall in der Sporttraumatologie
Authors: Lerchbaumer Markus Herbert , Perschk Maximilian , Gwinner Clemens 
Published: May 2024

ZusammenfassungDie Ultraschalldiagnostik umfasst zahlreiche Anwendungsmöglichkeiten in der Sporttraumatologie. Der technische Fortschritt mobiler Geräte führt zu einer zunehmenden Nutzung der Sonografie als fokussierte Erstdiagnostik. Neue Verfahren wie die Elastografie und 3D-Vaskularisation umfassen vorrangig die spezialisierte Sonografie in wenigen Fragestellungen.Die vorliegende Übersicht soll den aktuellen Stellenwert der Sonografie in der Sporttraumatologie, ihre etablierten Anwendungsgebiete und neuen technischen Fortschritte vorstellen. Dabei wird der Ultraschall sowohl in seiner Stellung zu anderen bildgebenden Verfahren als auch als alleiniges Diagnostikum bewertet.Ultraschall kann sowohl zur Initialdiagnostik als auch als Verlaufsbildgebung angewendet werden. Hauptanwendungsgebiete sind aktuell die Diagnostik von akuten Muskel- und Sehnenverletzungen sowie Überlastungsschäden. Insbesondere der Ausschluss struktureller Muskelverletzungen ist mit dem US an ausgewählten anatomischen Regionen suffizient zu gewährleisten. Durch die kürzlich neu publizierte Leitlinie zur Fraktursonografie wurde die klinische Evidenz in diesem Bereich gestärkt, vor allem im Vergleich zum konventionellen Röntgen sowie in der Entwicklung von Algorithmen und Standards. Der zunehmende Einsatz mobiler Ultraschallgeräte mit adäquater Bildqualität machen die Sonografie zu einer ortsunabhängigen Modalität, die auch in Trainingsstätten als bildgebende Erweiterung der klinischen Untersuchung genutzt werden kann.
Vergleich von Trastuzumab-Biosimilar ABP 980 mit Referenz-Trastuzumab bei der neoadjuvanten Therapie von HER2-positivem Brustkrebs – Analyse eines großen universitären Brustkrebszentrums
Authors: Matovina Sabine , Engler Tobias , Volmer Lea Louise , Müller Heike , Grischke Eva-Maria , Staebler Annette , Hahn Markus , Brucker Sara Yvonne , Hartkopf Andreas Daniel 
Published: May 2024

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund ABP 980 ist ein biosimilarer Antikörper von Referenz-Trastuzumab (RTZ). Ziel dieser Studie war es, die Ähnlichkeit von ABP 980 mit RTZ zu bestätigen in Bezug auf die klinische Wirksamkeit und Sicherheit in Patientinnen mit HER2-positivem Brustkrebs im Frühstadium, die sich einer neoadjuvanten Chemotherapie mit Trastuzumab unterziehen. Die Studie sollte reale klinische Bedingungen abbilden und schloss somit auch Patientinnen ein, die Pertuzumab erhielten.
Methoden Patientinnen mit HER2-positivem Brustkrebs im Frühstadium, die zwischen 12/2010 und 03/2020 in der Frauenklinik des Universitätsklinikums Tübingen, Deutschland, mindestens 4 Zyklen einer neoadjuvanten Chemotherapie (+/− Pertuzumab) in Kombination mit ABP 980 oder RTZ erhielten, wurden in diese retrospektive Analyse aufgenommen. Für die Wirksamkeitsanalyse wurden Patientinnen mit pathologischer Komplettremission (pCR = kein invasiver Tumor in der Brust und negativer Lymphknotenstatus) verglichen. Zur Beurteilung der Sicherheit von ABP 980 wurde die Anzahl an Patientinnen, die eine Minderung ihrer linksventrikulären Funktion (LVEF) von mehr als 10% aufwiesen, verglichen.
Ergebnisse Insgesamt wurden 124 Patientinnen in die Studie aufgenommen. Davon erhielten 46 (37,1 %) Frauen ABP 980, und 77 (62,9 %) Patientinnen wurden mit RTZ behandelt. Eine pCR stellte sich bei 77 (62,1 %) Patientinnen ein. Es gab keinen signifikanten Unterschied bezüglich der klinischen Wirksamkeit zwischen mit ABP 980 behandelten Patientinnen und den mit RTZ behandelten Patientinnen (die jeweiligen pCR-Raten betrugen 60,9% bzw. 62,8 %, p = 0,829), auch nicht in Bezug auf die kardiologische Sicherheit (eine LVEF-Minderung wurde bei 6,5% bzw. 2,6% der Fälle vermerkt, p = 0,274).Schlussfolgerung Die Ähnlichkeit von ABP 980 und RTZ in einer realen klinischen Situation, die auch eine große Anzahl an mit Pertuzumab behandelten Patientinnen einschloss, konnte bestätigt werden.
Alles unter Kontrolle?
Authors: Eggeling Johanna , Kalsdorf Barbara , Schaub Dagmar , Schierholz Stefanie , Hammerl Peter , Nowak Dennis , Lange Christoph 
Published: May 2024

ZusammenfassungEin 43-jähriger Steinbrucharbeiter steht nach 16-jähriger Exposition gegenüber Quarzfeinstaub in einem deutschen Steinbruch auf der Warteliste für eine Lungentransplantation: Die Inhalation des Feinstaubs schädigte die Lunge irreversibel und begünstigte das Auftreten fulminanter mykobakterieller und mykotischer Infektionen, die bereits zur einseitigen Pneumektomie und zunehmenden respiratorischen Insuffizienz führten. Trotz regelmäßiger Überwachungen durch die Berufsgenossenschaft konnte diese dramatische Entwicklung der Silikose nicht verhindert werden.
Digitalisierung in der Migränetherapie
Authors: Lindner Diana , Holle-Lee Dagny , Scheffler Armin 
Published: May 2024

ZusammenfassungDigitalisierung ist ein viel verwendetes Schlagwort in der Medizin und hat auch
die Migräne und ihre Therapie erreicht. Digitalisierung soll allerdings kein
Selbstzweck sein, sondern die Behandlung von Patienten verbessern und die Arbeit
von Behandlern erleichtern. Dieser Artikel beschäftigt sich mit den Bereichen
der Migränemedizin, wo dies heute schon so ist bzw. zukünftig so sein kann.
The Impact of Intraoperative Vasopressor Use and Fluid Status on Flap Survival in Traumatic Lower Extremity Reconstruction
Authors: Roohani Idean , Moshal Tayla , Boudiab Elizabeth M. , Stanton Eloise W. , Zachary Paige , Lo Jessica , Carey Joseph N. , Daar David A. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background Historically, the use of intraoperative vasopressors during free flap lower extremity (LE) reconstruction has been proposed to adversely affect flap survival due to concerns about compromising flap perfusion. This study aims to analyze the impact of intraoperative vasopressor use and fluid administration on postoperative outcomes in patients undergoing traumatic LE reconstruction.
Methods Patients who underwent LE free flap reconstruction between 2015 and 2023 at a Level I Trauma Center were retrospectively reviewed. Statistical analysis was conducted to evaluate the association between vasopressor use and intraoperative fluids with partial/complete flap necrosis, as well as the differential effect of vasopressor use on flap outcomes based on varying fluid levels.
Results A total of 105 LE flaps were performed over 8 years. Vasopressors were administered intraoperatively to 19 (18.0%) cases. Overall flap survival and limb salvage rates were 97.1 and 93.3%, respectively. Intraoperative vasopressor use decreased the overall risk of postoperative flap necrosis (OR 0.00005, 95% CI [9.11 × 10−9–0.285], p = 0.025), while a lower net fluid balance increased the risk of this outcome (OR 0.9985, 95% CI [0.9975–0.9996], p = 0.007). Further interaction analysis revealed that vasopressor use increased the risk of flap necrosis in settings with a higher net fluid balance (OR 1.0032, 95% CI [1.0008–1.0056], p-interaction =0.010).
Conclusion This study demonstrated that intraoperative vasopressor use and adequate fluid status may be beneficial in improving flap outcomes in LE reconstruction. Vasopressor use with adequate fluid management can optimize hemodynamic stability when necessary during traumatic LE microvascular reconstruction without concern for increased risk of flap ischemia.
Upper Extremity Diaphyseal Osseous Gap Reconstruction with Free Vascularized Bone Flaps: A Scoping Review
Authors: Naga Hani I. , Kim Joshua , Dunworth Kristina , Oleck Nicholas , Emovon Emmanuel , Graton Margaret , Mithani Suhail K. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background Reconstruction of upper extremity osseous diaphyseal defects often requires complex reconstructions. In this study, we characterized and summarized the available literature on free vascularized bone flap (VBF) reconstruction for upper extremity diaphyseal defects.
Methods A scoping review using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis extension for Scoping Reviews was conducted. A literature search of major electronic databases was conducted to identify journal articles relating to the management of VBF reconstruction of upper limb long bone defects. Articles with patient-level data were included. Descriptive statistics were performed using Python.
Results Overall, 364 patients were included in this study. The most common indications for VBFs included atrophic nonunion (125, 34.3%), postoncologic resection (125, 34.3%), septic nonunion (56, 15.4%), and trauma (36, 9.9%). Mean defect size was 8.53 ± 5.14 cm. A total of 67 (18.4%) cases had defects < 6 cm, and 166 cases (45.6%) had defects > 6 cm. The fibula was the most utilized VBF (272, 74.73%), followed by the medial femoral condyle flap (69, 18.96%). Overall, primary union rate was 87.1%. Subsequent flap fracture rate was 3.3%. There were only two (0.6%) VBF losses reported in the included cases, and donor-site complications were similarly rare (17, 4.7%).
Conclusion VBF reconstruction is often utilized for postoncologic defects and recalcitrant nonunions. The fibula is the most utilized VBF, but the medial femoral condyle flap is used frequently for smaller defects. VBF reconstruction demonstrates high union rates and low flap fracture rate across indications.
Perceptions of Surgical Drains among Breast Reconstruction Patients and Health Care Staff: A Qualitative Survey Study
Authors: Tian William M. , Rames Jess D. , Schroeder Brooke E. , Dunworth Kristina , Yi Victoria N. , Tran Melissa , Gallagher Jennifer , Bachelder Robin , Hollenbeck Scott T. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background Surgical drains are a key component for recovery in breast reconstruction procedures. However, they are often cumbersome and carry a risk of infection with prolonged use. We aimed to develop a more thorough understanding of patient and health care provider perspectives on surgical drains, to inform future efforts in improving the breast reconstruction patient experience.
Methods Twenty-nine breast reconstruction patients and eight plastic surgery providers were recruited to complete surveys focused on surgical drains. Likert scales ranging from 1 to 5 were developed to gauge how bothersome drains felt, as well as concern for infection. Ordinal variable and categorical multiple-choice analyses were applied as appropriate.
Results Fifteen (51.7%) patients underwent implant-based breast reconstruction, and 14 (48.3%) patients underwent autologous breast reconstruction. The most common duration of drain placement was 2 weeks (N = 13). The surgical site infection (SSI) rate requiring antibiotics was 28% (N = 8). On a scale of 1 to 5, both patients (median = 3) and providers (median = 2.5) viewed drains as bothersome. Patients were “frequently” concerned about infection risk (median = 3). Other high-frequency patient concerns included general pain and discomfort.
Conclusion Surgical drains are a common component of breast reconstruction procedures and are viewed as cumbersome by both patients and providers. Patients expressed concerns about drain site pain, discomfort, and tugging on clothing. Patients and providers both believed that drains could contribute to SSI. Overall, these data provide insight to drive future improvements in the patient drain experience.
Radical Allylation of Aldehydes with Allenes by Photoredox Cobalt and Chromium Dual Catalysis
Authors: Shi Lei , Li Haoyu , Wang Xin , Cao Renxu , Qi Xuehan , Hao Erjun 
Published: May 2024

AbstractA dual cobalt and chromium photoredox-catalyzed allylation of aldehydes with allenes through a photo metal-hydride atom transfer (MHAT) process has been developed to yield homoallylic alcohols with exceptional diastereoselective control. This sustainable and efficient method holds significant promise for applications in the synthesis of valuable organic compounds.
Medialização do feixe neurovascular poplíteo e rotação axial do retalho para evitar o impacto ósseo na plastia de inversão tibial: Relato de caso
Authors: Medellin Rincon Manuel Ricardo , Gomez-Ricaurte Oscar Fernando , Riveros-Riveros Hermann Alfredo , Sambri Andrea 
Published: May 2024

ResumoUm paciente do sexo masculino, de 33 anos, apresentou osteomielite crônica do fêmur distal com perda óssea maciça após fratura exposta de grau 3b. Após vários tratamentos ineficazes para erradicar a infecção, foi realizado um procedimento de aumento da tíbia para proporcionar um coto estável e funcional. Para evitar problemas neurovasculares, os vasos poplíteos e o nervo ciático foram movidos em sentido medial e o retalho foi rotacionado externamente para diminuição do colapso. A evolução após a cirurgia foi satisfatória; não houve claudicação vascular ou neurológica, e o paciente pôde usar prótese externa após a cicatrização do retalho. A plastia tibial é uma técnica reconstrutiva raramente descrita, que pode aumentar o comprimento dos cotos. A liberação e medialização dos vasos poplíteos, com rotação axial do retalho, pode prevenir o desenvolvimento de impacto neurovascular.
The Role of Anti-Müllerian Hormone in Ovarian Function
Authors: Yildiz Sena , Moolhuijsen Loes M.E. , Visser Jenny A. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAnti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) is a member of the transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) superfamily, whose actions are restricted to the endocrine-reproductive system. Initially known for its role in male sex differentiation, AMH plays a role in the ovary, acting as a gatekeeper in folliculogenesis by regulating the rate of recruitment and growth of follicles. In the ovary, AMH is predominantly expressed by granulosa cells of preantral and antral follicles (i.e., post primordial follicle recruitment and prior to follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) selection). AMH signals through a BMP-like signaling pathway in a manner distinct from other TGFβ family members. In this review, the latest insights in AMH processing, signaling, its regulation of spatial and temporal expression pattern, and functioning in folliculogenesis are summarized. In addition, effects of AMH variants on ovarian function are reviewed.
Delayed-Interval Delivery in Multiple Pregnancy: A Single-Center Experience of Five Cases
Authors: Gadeer Roaa Hassan , Alhinai Ahlam , Fung-Kee-Fung Karen , Werlang Ana 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Objectives To describe the obstetric management and perinatal outcomes in multiple pregnancies with delayed-interval delivery (DID) of the cotwin in a tertiary hospital.
Methods This is a retrospective chart review of all cases of DID between December 2021 and 2022 at The Ottawa Hospital. Five cases of DID were identified and reviewed to obtain information on obstetric management and maternal–neonatal outcomes. We included eligible twins and triplets. No multiples were excluded. We obtained ethics approval for this case series.
Results Four sets of dichorionic diamniotic twins and one trichorionic triamniotic triplet were included. Our patients were admitted between 173/7 and 215/7 weeks of gestation. We achieved an interval delivery range between 1 and 36 days. Four out of six multiples did not survive in DID. The two surviving newborns were born at 230/7 and 232/7, stayed in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) for 111 and 131 days, discharged with a weight of 3,594 and 2,743 g, respectively. All DID cases were delivered spontaneously except for two patients that required augmentation due to maternal sepsis.
Conclusion Despite the high risk of maternal, fetal, and neonatal morbidity and mortality, if delivery of the first twin occurs before 20 gestational weeks, DID could be considered in selected cases to improve outcomes for the cotwin.
Family communication patterns, self-efficacy, and adolescent online prosocial behavior: a moderated mediation model
Authors: Zhan Weizhen , You Zhenwu 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAs technology has been developing by leaps and bounds, concerns regarding adolescent online behavioral patterns have garnered significant attention. Nevertheless, current research exhibits limitations in both perspective and depth. Consequently, this study introduces a moderated mediation model to investigate whether the mediating effect of self-efficacy and the moderating effect of emotional regulation strategies are valid in the relationship between family communication patterns and adolescent online prosocial behavior. A questionnaire survey encompassing 1183 adolescents across 12 schools in three cities of mainland China was conducted. The findings reveal that conversation orientation contributes to the augmentation of adolescents’ self-efficacy and online prosocial behavior, whereas conformity orientation follows a reversed trend. Furthermore, self-efficacy serves as a mediator in the relationship between conversation orientation and conformity orientation, influencing adolescent online prosocial behavior in both positive and negative manners. Additionally, this study underscores the significance of emotion regulation strategies; cognitive reappraisal not only reinforces the positive effects of conversation orientation, but also mitigates the adverse effects of conformity orientation, while expressive suppression demonstrates the inverse effect. This research yields a comprehensive and insightful understanding of adolescent online prosocial behavior, furnishing a valuable theoretical foundation for future research and practice in family education.