bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Unveiling the versatility of gelatin methacryloyl hydrogels: a comprehensive journey into biomedical applications
Authors: Pramanik Sheersha , Alhomrani Majid , Alamri Abdulhakeem S , Alsanie Walaa F , Nainwal Pankaj , Kimothi Vishwadeepak , Deepak A , Sargsyan Armen S 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) hydrogels have gained significant recognition as versatile biomaterials in the biomedical domain. GelMA hydrogels emulate vital characteristics of the innate extracellular matrix by integrating cell-adhering and matrix metalloproteinase-responsive peptide motifs. These features enable cellular proliferation and spreading within GelMA-based hydrogel scaffolds. Moreover, GelMA displays flexibility in processing, as it experiences crosslinking when exposed to light irradiation, supporting the development of hydrogels with adjustable mechanical characteristics. The drug delivery landscape has been reshaped by GelMA hydrogels, offering a favorable platform for the controlled and sustained release of therapeutic actives. The tunable physicochemical characteristics of GelMA enable precise modulation of the kinetics of drug release, ensuring optimal therapeutic effectiveness. In tissue engineering, GelMA hydrogels perform an essential role in the design of the scaffold, providing a biomimetic environment conducive to cell adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation. Incorporating GelMA in three-dimensional printing further improves its applicability in drug delivery and developing complicated tissue constructs with spatial precision. Wound healing applications showcase GelMA hydrogels as bioactive dressings, fostering a conducive microenvironment for tissue regeneration. The inherent biocompatibility and tunable mechanical characteristics of GelMA provide its efficiency in the closure of wounds and tissue repair. GelMA hydrogels stand at the forefront of biomedical innovation, offering a versatile platform for addressing diverse challenges in drug delivery, tissue engineering, and wound healing. This review provides a comprehensive overview, fostering an in-depth understanding of GelMA hydrogel’s potential impact on progressing biomedical sciences.
Intensified surface chlorophyll responses to the Indian Ocean Dipole under greenhouse warming
Authors: Pathirana Gayan , Min Noh Kyung , Lee Dong-Geon , Park Hyo-Jin , Wang Dongxiao , Kug Jong-Seong 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) has been proposed to be a key driver of biological processes in the Indian Ocean (IO) in the present climate. Given the expected influence of global warming on both the properties of the IOD and the biogeochemistry within the IO, a key question arises: How will the relationship between the IOD and surface chlorophyll evolve in a warming climate? Here, utilizing simulations from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 Earth System models, our findings reveal a notable intensification in the IOD-chlorophyll relationship under greenhouse warming. This intensification is linked to an increase in surface chlorophyll during the June to November period of positive IOD years in the southeastern IO (SEIO). Interestingly, our analysis indicates a substantial rise in IOD-related chlorophyll levels in a warming climate, despite a marked decrease in IOD-induced upwelling in the SEIO. The shallower thermocline leads to an increase in the mean nutrient concentration in the subsurface layer, thereby facilitating an enhanced anomalous nutrient supply to the surface layer, which contributes to increased surface chlorophyll. Our study highlights the consequential effects of IOD on chlorophyll dynamics and underscores the need for improved coupled models to advance our understanding of biophysical interactions in the IO in response to global warming.
Distributional justice, effectiveness, and costs of current and alternative solar PV incentive schemes in Switzerland
Authors: Soubelet Amaia , Torné Alexandre , Thalmann Philippe , Trutnevyte Evelina 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Like many other countries, Switzerland offers various incentives to promote residential solar PV, but not all households have equal access to them. Using a microsimulation approach based on merged data from the Swiss Household Budget Survey and Household Energy Demand Survey, we evaluate the current Swiss incentive scheme in terms of how equally the internal rates of return of PV installations, the amounts of obtainable incentives, and the saving months to accumulate the investment are distributed across households. The current, regionally heterogeneous scheme is then compared with alternative, nationally uniform designs based on the required public spending, effectiveness in promoting profitable and affordable PV, and distributional equality. The current scheme leads to a large disparity in the economic profitability of installations and incentive amounts obtainable across various socio-demographics. Larger, the highest-income, and rural households can obtain more incentives and install more profitable PV systems. Lower-income households must save the longest to install PV. Incentive schemes with a nationally uniform investment grant or a feed-in tariff threshold could offer a good alternative to the current scheme in terms of justice, public spending, and effectiveness. The insights on heterogeneous versus uniform PV incentives and the developed methodology could be transferred elsewhere.
Design of 3D printed metal frame nested porous polyimide composites
Authors: Li Jinbang , Zhao Jilong , Xu Zhengrong , Yang Qingyu , Li Jianyong , Zhou Ningning , Wang Bixuan , Liu Li 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Porous polyimide (PPI) can store oil, but the mechanical properties are also weakened by the pores. To solve this problem, a 3D printed metal frame-PPI nested composite (MFP) was proposed. The composite material has a binary pore structure (ordered submillimeter-level metal frame macropores and disordered micron-level PPI micropores). PPI material is filled in the metal frame, and the oil could be filled into the micropores, improving the mechanical and tribological performances. The preparation method was optimized and the mechanical, oil content, tribological properties of MFP were investigated. The experimental results showed that MFP enhance its ability to resist external deformation and has excellent mechanical properties and tribological properties. As the density of PPI filled in the metal frame increases, PPI is tightly bonded to the metal. Under the PPI filling density of 1.1 g cm−3 and sintering temperature of 330 °C, MFP could be well formed, and the friction coefficient is the lowest (0.035). MFP exhibits excellent mechanical and tribological performances.
Influence of Si addition on the corrosion behavior of 9Cr ferritic/martensitic steel in static liquid lead-bismuth eutectic
Authors: Liu Hao , Chen Qingsong , Li Qingyu , Li Yongchun , Yang Jijun 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
This study investigated the corrosion behavior of 9Cr ferritic/martensitic (F/M) steel with varying silicon contents when exposed to static lead-bismuth eutectic at temperatures between 450 °C and 550 °C. Except for samples corroded at 450 °C for 500 h, which developed a bilayer consisting of magnetite layer and Fe-Cr spinel layer, the oxide scale at 450 °C and 500 °C consists of exterior magnetite layer, Fe-Cr spinel layer, and disorganized internal oxide zone. Most of samples that corroded at 550 °C underwent dissolution corrosion. With the addition of Si, 9Cr F/M steel demonstrated enhanced corrosion resistance to LBE at low temperatures and effectively delaying the onset of dissolution corrosion at 550 °C.&#xD;
Investigation of triaxial cables and microdetectors in small field dosimetry
Authors: Sohn James J , Das Indra J 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background. Small field dosimetry presents unique challenges with source occlusion, lateral charged particle equilibrium and detector size. As detector volume decreases, signal strength declines while noise increases, deteriorating the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). This issue may be compounded by triaxial cables connecting detectors to electrometers. However, effects of cables, critical for precision dosimetry, are often overlooked. There is a need to evaluate triaxial cable and detector impacts on SNR in small fields. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the influence of triaxial cables and microdetectors on signal-to-noise ratios in small-field dosimetry. This study also aims to establish the importance of cable quality assurance for measurement accuracy. Methods. Six 9.1 m length triaxial cables from different manufacturers were tested with six microdetectors (microDiamond, PinPoint, EDGE, Plastic scintillator, microSilicon, SRS-Diode). A 6 MV photon beam (TrueBeam) was used, with a water phantom at 5 cm depth with 0.5 × 0.5 cm2 to 10 × 10 cm2 fields at 600 MU min−1. Readings were acquired using cable-detector permutations with a dedicated electrometer (except the scintillator which has its own). Cables had differing connector types, conductor materials, insulation, and diameters. Detectors had various sensitive volumes, materials, typical signals, and bias voltages. Results. Normalized field output correction factors (FOFs) relative differences of 13.4% and 4.6% between the highest and lowest values across triaxial cables for 0.5 × 0.5 cm2 and 1 × 1 cm2 fields, respectively. The maximum difference in FOF between any cable-detector combinations was 0.2% for the smallest field size. No consistent FOF trend was observed across all detectors when increasing cable diameter. Additionally, the non-normalized FOF differences of 0.9% and 0.3% were observed between cables for 0.5 × 0.5 cm2 and 1 × 1 cm2 fields, respectively. Conclusions. Regular triaxial cable quality assurance is critical for precision small field dosimetry. A national protocol is needed to standardize cable evaluations/calibrations, particularly for small signals (<pC) from modern detectors. This could enhance measurement accuracy and treatment delivery with advanced small-field radiotherapy techniques that promise improved patient outcomes. Further studies should expand detector and cable models tested across institutions to establish robust quality control guidelines.
Bioinspired electronic-skin for proximity and pressure detection in robot active sensing
Authors: Li Jiacheng , Yang Xiaochang , Xu Chen , Li Zihan , Ma Hongtao , Cao Yudong , Cheng Yiang , Feng Pengbo , Jiang Yonggang 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Active sensing technology plays an essential role in environment–robot interactions. Inspired by the proximity sensing approach of weakly electric fish, which relies on distributed electroreceptors capable of detecting electric fields, we propose a flexible electronic skin (e-skin) for proximity and pressure detection. Conductive thermoplastic polyurethane and dielectric polyurethane are employed for fabricating flexible electrodes and substrates, respectively. An Ecoflex-based elastic layer enables proximity and pressure information to be decoupled from the electric field. The proposed e-skin can detect objects up to 160 mm away while performing real-time proximity and pressure sensing. Finally, we demonstrate that robots equipped with the e-skin can easily explore their surroundings and perform specific tasks such as recognition, avoidance, and grasping. Because of its proximity and pressure sensing capabilities and low-cost fabrication process, the e-skin has broad application potential for robot active sensing.
Demystifying the particulate black carbon conundrum in aquatic systems
Authors: Sarkar Siddhartha , Rathi Ajayeta , Khan Mohammad Atif , Kumar Sanjeev 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Particulate black carbon (PBC) constitutes a notable fraction of riverine particulate carbon (C), and is considered to be a potent sink of C due to its refractory nature in the environment. However, its potential to regulate global climate has been challenged with recent arguments of transformation of BC in the environment. In this study, we explore the transport and transformation of PBC along the continuum of six river basins in western India. Using the CTO-375 method and measuring the concentration and stable isotopic composition of the soot fraction of the BC spectrum, we examined the reasons for its variation in the river continuum. Our investigation suggested that changes in concentration and isotopic composition were due to allochthonous inputs and degradation, implying that BC may not be as recalcitrant as previously thought. We also estimated riverine export fluxes of PBC to the Arabian Sea, which was a minor fraction of the current global flux estimates.
Short-term solar photovoltaic power forecasting using ensemble forecasting strategy for renewable resources based power systems
Authors: Kanwal Madeeha , Hayat Muhammad Faisal , Tayab Usman Bashir 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Environmentally-friendly renewable energy sources have been developed and commercialized to mitigate impact of climate change on the environment. Solar photovoltaic (PV) systems have gained much attention as a power generation source for various uses, including the primary utility grid power supply. There has been a significant increase in both on-grid and off-grid solar PV installations. Because of the highly unpredictable nature of solar power generation, it is crucial to forecast solar power accurately for renewable resources-based power systems. In this research, a swarm-based ensemble forecasting strategy has been proposed to predict solar PV power by combining three strategies, i.e., particle swarm optimization-based gated recurrent unit (PSO-GRU), PSO-based long short-term memory (PSO-LSTM), and PSO-based bidirectional long short-term memory (PSO-BiLSTM). Bayesian model averaging (BMA) combines the output of the proposed strategy by aggregating the output of each swarm-based approach. The performance of the suggested approach is evaluated and verified using historical data of solar PV power which is acquired from Griffith University, Australia. Python 3.11 is used to validate the performance of the proposed ensemble strategy and compared it with several competing strategies. The proposed ensemble strategy outperforms other comparative strategies in terms of RMSE, NRMSE, and MAE.
To Paris and Back—Again
Authors: Gehring David Scott 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
This chapter considers Beale’s activity and life in the early and mid 1570s. After working for a time in Paris, Beale became a clerk of the Privy Council in 1572, and later a Member of Parliament. In response to the St Bartholomew’s Day massacres in Paris and elsewhere, Beale penned a discourse on the perils that threatened England, with special attention paid to Mary Queen of Scots and the threat she posed to Protestant England. If Beale had previously been a specialist on German affairs, he had also become increasingly knowledgeable in French and Scottish affairs. Beale stayed in touch with Hubert Languet and gained further friends and patrons during these years, especially in Robert Dudley, earl of Leicester, and Francis Walsingham, with whom Beale had a family relationship because the two men married sisters and were, thus, brothers-in-law.
Abeyance and Drift, or, Forbearance and Shift
Authors: Gehring David Scott 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
After 1593, Beale remained busy behind the scenes. He was too valuable to discard, for his archive, both literal and mental, was sought by Lord Burghley (William Cecil), Robert Cecil, Julius Caesar, and David Chytraeus, among others, on affairs domestic and foreign. He struggled, however, to retain the secretaryship of the Council of the North, which, like his other positions and sources of income, was sought by other, younger men with powerful patrons. With others, he took on more legal cases and continued to demonstrate his legal acumen and knowledge of historical context. By 1600, Beale had returned to royal favour enough to serve as one of Elizabeth’s negotiators for a peace with Spain. Beale travelled to Boulogne, having been promised by Queen Elizabeth that he and his family would be recompensed financially and secure for the future. The promise was never fulfilled, notwithstanding his and later his widow’s requests.
Molecular sibship reconstruction reveals a promiscuous mating system in brood parasitic little bronze-cuckoos (Chalcites minutillus)
Authors: Noh Hee-Jin , Neaves Linda , Grealy Alicia , Langmore Naomi E 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
In theory, emancipation from parental care is expected to favor promiscuous mating systems. However, in avian brood parasites, monogamy is surprisingly widespread, and it has been proposed that this may be favored by factors such as low population density and territoriality. Correspondingly, our previous research revealed that brood parasitic Horsfield’s bronze-cuckoos (Chalcites basalis), which occur at low population densities and defend territories, are monogamous. Here, we contrast this study with the mating system of the congeneric little bronze-cuckoo (C. minutillus), an obligate brood parasite that exploits more concentrated hosts and is, therefore, likely to occur at higher population densities. We use single nucleotide polymorphisms to characterize the reproductive patterns of unsampled adults by inferring sibling relationships among 30 offspring. We show that (1) little bronze-cuckoos occurred at high densities, (2) polygamy was the most common mating pattern found in this study in both sexes, and (3) where multiple cuckoo eggs are laid in the same nest, they were unrelated. These results indicate that females do not defend exclusive territories, and males do not defend multiple females (polygyny). Instead, little bronze-cuckoos appear to have a non-territorial, promiscuous mating system. Our results are consistent with theoretical predictions that polygamy is more likely to evolve in species that are emancipated from parental care, where there are plenty of available mates, and where home ranges are not defended.
Aortic arch surgery for DeBakey type 1 aortic dissection in patients aged 60 years or younger
Authors: Biancari Fausto , Lega Javier Rodriguez , Mariscalco Giovanni , Peterss Sven , Buech Joscha , Fiore Antonio , Perrotti Andrea , Rukosujew Andreas , Pinto Angel G , Demal Till , Wisniewski Konrad , Pol Marek , Gatti Giuseppe , Vendramin Igor , Rinaldi Mauro , Pruna-Guillen Robert , Di Perna Dario , El-Dean Zein , Sherzad Hiwa , Nappi Francesco , Field Mark , Pettinari Matteo , Jormalainen Mikko , Dell’Aquila Angelo M , Onorati Francesco , Quintana Eduard , Juvonen Tatu , Mäkikallio Timo 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background
Extended aortic repair is considered a key issue for the long-term durability of surgery for DeBakey type 1 aortic dissection. The risk of aortic degeneration may be higher in young patients due to their long life expectancy. The early outcome and durability of aortic surgery in these patients were investigated in the present study.

Methods
The subjects of the present analysis were patients under 60 years old who underwent surgical repair for acute DeBakey type 1 aortic dissection at 18 cardiac surgery centres across Europe between 2005 and 2021. Patients underwent ascending aortic repair or total aortic arch repair using the conventional technique or the frozen elephant trunk technique. The primary outcome was 5-year cumulative incidence of reoperation on the distal aorta.

Results
Overall, 915 patients underwent surgical ascending aortic repair and 284 patients underwent surgical total aortic arch repair. The frozen elephant trunk procedure was performed in 128 patients. Among 245 propensity score–matched pairs, total aortic arch repair did not decrease the rate of distal aortic reoperation compared to ascending aortic repair (5-year cumulative incidence, 6.7% versus 6.7%, subdistributional hazard ratio 1.127, 95% c.i. 0.523 to 2.427). Total aortic arch repair increased the incidence of postoperative stroke/global brain ischaemia (25.7% versus 18.4%, P = 0.050) and dialysis (19.6% versus 12.7%, P = 0.003). Five-year mortality was comparable after ascending aortic repair and total aortic arch repair (22.8% versus 27.3%, P = 0.172).

Conclusions
In patients under 60 years old with DeBakey type 1 aortic dissection, total aortic arch replacement compared with ascending aortic repair did not reduce the incidence of distal aortic operations at 5 years. When feasible, ascending aortic repair for DeBakey type 1 aortic dissection is associated with satisfactory early and mid-term outcomes.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04831073.
Cellular immune response to the anti-SARS-CoV-2 BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine in pediatric autoimmune inflammatory rheumatic disease patients and controls
Authors: Eviatar Tali , Pappo Adi , Freund Tal , Friedlander Yishai , Elkayam Ori , Hagin David , Heshin-Bekenstein Merav 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
This paper aims to compare the cellular immune response to the SARS-CoV-2 BNT162b2 vaccine of pediatric patients with autoimmune inflammatory rheumatic disease (pAIIRD) and healthy controls. A prospective longitudinal study was conducted between April 2021 and December 2022 at the Tel Aviv Medical Center. Children &lt;18 years, with pediatric-onset AIIRD and healthy controls, who have received at least two doses of the BNT162b2 vaccine, were included. Humoral response was evaluated by serum levels of anti-SARS-CoV-2 receptor-binding domain antibodies. Cellular response was evaluated by flow cytometry, measuring IFNγ and TNFα production by CD4+ T cells following stimulation with SARS-CoV-2 Spike peptide mix. The study included 20 pAIIRD patients and 11 controls. The mean age of participants was 12.6 ± 2.94 years, with 58.1% females. The cellular response to the BNT162b2 vaccine was statistically similar in both groups. However, the humoral response was statistically lower in pAIIRD compared with the healthy control group. There was no statistically significant correlation between the humoral response and cellular response. During the study period, 43.75% of AIIRD children and 72.7% of controls had a breakthrough COVID-19 infection (P = 0.48). Bivariate models examining the effect of the cellular response and presence of an AIIRD on breakthrough infections found no effect. Compared with healthy controls, pAIIRD demonstrated similar cellular responses. Patients showed reduced humoral response compared with healthy adolescents, but similar breakthrough infection rates. These findings may support the importance of the cellular response in protecting against COVID-19 infections.
Field phenology of emerald ash borer (Coleoptera: Buprestidae) parasitoids in New York State
Authors: Morris Timothy D , Gould Juli R , Fierke Melissa K 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Emerald ash borer (EAB), Agrilus planipennis Fairmaire (Coleoptera: Buprestidae), has caused extensive mortality of ash across North America. Biological control offers a potential long-term management option, allowing for long-term survival of ash. Careful monitoring of populations of biocontrol agents is necessary to understand their relative impacts. Understanding the emergence and flight phenology of these species allows for the optimization of monitoring schemes and improves our understanding of host–parasitoid interactions. We used yellow pan trapping data to assess the adult phenology of both EAB and its associated native and introduced parasitoids in 3 New York counties. We monitored 2 introduced larval biocontrol agents, Tetrastichus planipennisi Yang (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) and Spathius galinae Belokobylskij & Strazanac (Braconidae), for 3–4 years post-release, as well as the native parasitoid Phasgonophora sulcata Westword (Chalcididae). Results indicate a single discrete emergence event for both EAB and P. sulcata in all monitored counties, which is consistent with previously reported results. Our results also suggest there are 4 generations per year of T. planipennisi and 3 generations of S. galinae in the monitored counties. We recorded an additional generation of T. planipennisi that had not previously been reported in New York, and both T. planipennisi and S. galinae appeared to emerge earlier than previously documented.