bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Risk of Heart Disease in Patients With Amputation: A Nationwide Cohort Study in South Korea
Authors: Choi Hea Lim , Yoo Jung Eun , Kim Miso , Kim Bongsung , Park Junhee , Chang Won Hyuk , Lee Heesun , Han Kyungdo , Shin Dong Wook 
Published: May 2024

Background
Amputation confers disabilities upon patients and is linked to substantial morbidity and death attributed to heart disease. While some studies have focused on traumatic amputees in veterans, few studies have focused on traumatic amputees within the general population. Therefore, the present study aimed to assess the risk of heart disease in patients with traumatic amputation with disability within the general population using a large‐scale nationwide population‐based cohort.

Methods and Results
We used data from the Korean National Health Insurance System. A total of 22 950 participants with amputation were selected with 1:3 age, sex‐matched controls between 2010 and 2018. We used Cox proportional hazard models to calculate the risk of myocardial infarction, heart failure, and atrial fibrillation among amputees. Participants with amputation had a higher risk of myocardial infarction (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 1.30 [95% CI, 1.14–1.47]), heart failure (aHR, 1.27 [95% CI, 1.17–1.38]), and atrial fibrillation (aHR, 1.17 [95% CI, 1.03–1.33]). The risks of myocardial infarction and heart failure were further increased by the presence of disability (aHR, 1.43 [95% CI, 1.04–1.95]; and aHR, 1.38 [95% CI, 1.13–1.67], respectively).

Conclusions
We demonstrate an increased risk of myocardial infarction, heart failure, and atrial fibrillation among individuals with amputation, and the risk further increased in those with disabilities. Clinicians should pay attention to the increased risk for heart disease in patients with amputation.
Antithrombotic Treatment and Clinical Outcomes After Intracerebral Hemorrhage: A Retrospective Cohort Study from the Swedish Stroke Register
Authors: Tallroth Mattias , Udumyan Ruzan , Büki András , von Euler Mia 
Published: May 2024

Background
A rapid shift has occurred from vitamin K antagonists toward direct oral anticoagulants, which have a lower risk of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). However, effects on clinical outcomes after ICH are understudied. We aimed to describe the prevalence of antithrombotic drugs and to study the prognosis among prestroke functionally independent Swedish patients with ICH.

Methods and Results

We identified all patients diagnosed with nontraumatic ICH in 2017 to 2021 from the Swedish Stroke Register (n=13 155) and assessed death and functional outcome at 3 months after ICH in prestroke functionally independent patients (n=10 014). Functional outcome was estimated among 3‐month survivors on the basis of self‐reported activities of daily living scores. Risks of outcomes were estimated using Poisson regression. In 13 155 patients, 14.5% used direct oral anticoagulant, 10.1% vitamin K antagonists, and 21.6% antiplatelets at ICH onset. Among 10 014 pre‐stroke activities of daily living–independent patients, oral anticoagulants and antiplatelets were associated with increased mortality risk (adjusted risk ratio, 1.27 [95% CI, 1.13–1.43];
P
<0.001; and adjusted risk ratio, 1.23 [95% CI, 1.13–1.34];
P
<0.001 respectively). Mortality risk did not statistically differ between antiplatelets and oral anticoagulants nor between direct oral anticoagulant and vitamin K antagonists. Among 5126 patients with nonmissing functional outcome (69.1% of survivors), antiplatelets (adjusted risk ratio, 1.06 [95% CI, 0.99–1.13];
P
=0.100) and oral anticoagulants (adjusted risk ratio, 1.01 [95% CI, 0.92–1.12];
P
=0.768) were not statistically significantly associated with functional dependence.

Conclusions
There was no statistically significant difference in mortality risk between direct oral anticoagulant and vitamin K antagonists in prestroke functionally independent patients (unadjusted for oral anticoagulant class indication). Furthermore, mortality risk in antiplatelet and oral anticoagulant users might differ less than previously suggested.
The Early Work of Paul Fraisse: Immediate Memory, Rhythmical Grouping, and the ‘Psychological Present’
Authors: Wearden John H. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
This article discusses two of the earliest works of Paul Fraisse, from 1937 and 1944, on the subject of ‘immediate memory’. Adults or children reproduced the number of sounds presented, with the number and the spacing between them varying. Performance deteriorated markedly in both types of participants as number and spacing increased, although children performed more poorly. Another experiment used temporal grouping and found that this increased the number of items reproduced correctly overall, although performance declined as the number and length of groups increased, for both children and adults. A persistent finding was that for most spacings between five and seven items could be correctly reproduced. This research informed Fraisse’s conception of the ‘psychological present’, which he regarded as a quantity which was flexible (within limits), depending on the material it contained and the way that this material was organised, rather than having fixed duration or content. The research also anticipated later ideas about the limits of information processing, as well as more recent work on the effect of temporal grouping on memory.
Otolithic functions in patients with residual dizziness after successful repositioning manoeuvres for unilateral posterior canal BPPV
Authors: Ismail Naema M , Kabil Shaimaa E , Abdel-Hamid Eman Fathy 
Published: May 2024

Objective To evaluate otolithic functions in patients with residual dizziness after successful canalith repositioning procedures (CRPs) for unilateral posterior canal benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV), and to investigate possible risk factors. Methods This case–control observational study included healthy controls and patients with residual dizziness after improvement following CRP for BPPV. All participants were subjected to full history taking, otoscopy, audiological basic evaluation, Dix-Hallpike test to search for posterior canal BPPV, residual dizziness screening, and vestibular evoked myogenic potential (VEMP) testing. Between-group differences were assessed and possible factors associated with residual dizziness were identified by univariate analysis. Results A total of 50 patients with residual dizziness (mean age, 56.53 ± 7.46 years [29 female: 21 male]) and 50 healthy controls (mean age, 58.13 ± 7.57 years [20 female: 30 male]) were included. A significant difference in VEMP latencies was found between the patient and control group (delayed in the patient group), with no significant between-group difference in amplitude in both ears. Aging, female sex, long duration of BPPV, number of CRPs, cervical VEMP and ocular VEMP abnormalities, and winter onset, were significantly associated with the risk of residual dizziness. Conclusions Residual dizziness is a frequent sequel of BPPV that may relate to otolithic dysfunction. VEMP changes were revealed in the form of delayed latencies.
Fabrication of mechanical durable novolac matrix composites with recycled and cost-effective candle-soot nano particles
Authors: Kocaman Mücahit , Güler Onur , Çuvalcı Hamdullah , Akçay Serhatcan Berk 
Published: May 2024

Novolac matrix composites are crucial due to their exceptional resistance to heat, chemicals, and mechanical stress. These advanced materials find applications in aerospace, electronics, and automotive industries, providing high-performance solutions for components requiring superior durability and reliability. In this context, the microstructure, thermal, phase, and mechanical properties of the composites obtained as a result of the recycling-oriented reinforcement of the waste candle-soot (CS) reinforcement at the rate of 1 wt% to the pure novolac (PN) and shaping with the hot press method were examined in detail at first time in the literature. While microstructural properties and fracture mechanisms were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermal properties were investigated by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The results obtained provided critical findings as the composite hardness, tensile strength, and flexural strength values were 3.28, 2.47, and 3.21 times higher than PN, respectively. CS-reinforced novolac composites made a significant contribution to the literature by introducing a novel and eco-friendly approach to enhance material properties. Their use as a filler material provided insights into sustainable novolac composites, offering potential applications in various industries, such as electronics and aerospace, with improved mechanical and thermal properties.
Impact of Implementing Serious Illness Conversations Across a Comprehensive Cancer Center Using an Interdisciplinary Approach
Authors: Guo Karen , Wasp Garrett , Vergo Maxwell , Wilson Matthew , Holthoff Megan M. , Buus-Frank Madge E. , Perry James J. , Cullinan Amelia M. 
Published: May 2024

Background Gaps in communication of end-of-life care preferences increase risk of patient harm. Adoption of oncology practice guidelines advocating serious illness communication for patients with advanced cancer is limited. Objectives (1) Increase Serious Illness Conversation (SIC) use across oncology teams via an interdisciplinary quality improvement (QI) approach and (2) assess patient reported shared decision making (SDM) experiences with clinicians engaged in SIC implementation. Design QI methodology was applied to spread the implementation of SIC across 4 oncology teams. CollaboRATE scores were used to evaluate patient reported outcomes of SDM for patients with advanced cancer. Settings/Subjects The SIC QI initiative was a component of the Promise Partnership Learning Health System (PPLHS) piloted in the Dartmouth Cancer Center, Lebanon, NH, USA. Measurements (1) The percentage of eligible patients with documented SIC and (2) a comparison of a patient reported measure of SDM (CollaboRATE) among SIC eligible patients in encounters with providers who took part in the implementation versus those who did not. Results Oncology teams screened a total of 538 patients, identified 278 eligible patients, and completed 144 SIC conversations. The teams improved the proportion of documented SIC among eligible patients from near 0% to a collective frequency of 52%. For clinicians’ top-box CollaboRATE scores, a chi-squared test demonstrated a statistically significant association between providers implementing SIC into practice and patient reported shared decision making (.16, p = .031). Conclusions This approach allows for tailoring of iterative improvement cycles to mitigate barriers and improve the practice of SIC among oncology teams.
Robot-Assisted Bronchoscopy for Identification of Lung Nodules During Minimally Invasive Pulmonary Resection
Authors: Shahoud James , Weksler Benny , Ghosh Sohini , Ganesh Aarthi , Fernando Hiran 
Published: May 2024

Objective: Small pulmonary nodules can be difficult to identify during minimally invasive surgical (MIS) resection. Previous investigators have reported using standard bronchoscopy with electromagnetic navigation to identify small pulmonary nodules. Robot-assisted bronchoscopy has been introduced into clinical practice and has shown utility for the biopsy of small lesions. We report our experience using robot-assisted bronchoscopy with dye marking to aid in minimally invasive pulmonary resection. Methods: Patients with peripheral pulmonary nodules underwent robot-assisted bronchoscopy before a planned minimally invasive resection. Indocyanine green or methylene blue was injected directly into the targeted lesion. Surgical resection was then immediately performed. Success was defined as dye visualization leading to sublobar resection of the target nodule without the need for lobectomy or thoracotomy. Results: Thirty patients with a single targeted nodule underwent robot-assisted bronchoscopy followed by MIS resection. The median lesion size was 9 mm (4 to 25 mm), and the median distance from the pleura was 5 mm (1 to 32 mm). The success rate was 83.3% (25 of 30). There were 3 cases in which the dye was not visualized, and in 2 cases there was free extravasation of dye. The targeted nodule was identified in these 5 patients without the need for thoracotomy or lobectomy. Pathology revealed non-small cell lung cancer ( n = 13, 43.3%), metastatic disease ( n = 11, 36.7%), and benign disease ( n = 6, 20%). There were no complications related to the use of robot-assisted bronchoscopy. Conclusions: Robot-assisted bronchoscopy with dye marking is safe and effective for guiding minimally invasive resection of small peripheral pulmonary nodules.
In Which Cases Do We Operate? Posterior Malleolar Fractures—Intraobserver and Interobserver Reliability of the Bartoníček/Rammelt Classification and Corresponding Surgery Rates
Authors: Sarter Michael , Krane Felix , Leschinger Tim , Hackl Michael , Müller Lars P. , Harbrecht Andreas 
Published: May 2024

Introduction. The Bartoníček/Rammelt classification is established for posterior malleolar fractures. It subdivides the fractures into 5 types and outlines treatment recommendations. This study aims to determine the intraobserver and interobserver reliability of the Bartoníček/Rammelt classification and investigates its applicability regarding treatment recommendations. Materials and methods. Computed tomography (CT) scans of 80 ankle fractures with a posterior malleolar fracture were analyzed by four observers at two different time points 30 days apart (d1 and d2). Intrarater and interrater reliability was measured using kappa values. The corresponding surgery rates of the fracture subtypes were analyzed, and the surgery rates were correlated with fragment sizes and displacements. Results. A moderate interobserver reliability for d1 0.41 (CI 0.35-0.47) and d2 0.42 (CI 0.36-0.48) was detected. Intraobserver reliability was documented as perfect, with a mean kappa of 0.83. Type II fractures were operated on in 50% of cases. In 50% of type II cases, a nonoperative treatment was chosen. Fragment size correlated strongly with the chosen therapy, and osteosynthesis was performed significantly more often when the fragment size exceeded 3 cm3 (P < .01). Conclusions. The Bartoníček/Rammelt classification system showed moderate interobserver reliability and perfect to substantial intraobserver reliability. In clinical practice of this study cohort, the size of the posterior malleolar fragment rather than the dislocation and joint impaction seemed to have the decision to operate on type II or III fractures. Existing treatment recommendations based on the Bartoníček/Rammelt classification correspond to the therapy algorithm carried out in this cohort of patients. Levels of Evidence: Level III: Retrospective study
A randomized controlled study of the effects of targeted health education on uptake of contraceptives among women of reproductive age in Nnewi City, South-East Nigeria
Authors: Tyotswam Yanmeer Simeone , Iseme Rosebella Alungata , Makunyi Eliphas Gitonga 
Published: May 2024

Objective: There is a need for contraception uptake among people to enable them to fulfil their right to determine the timing, number and spacing of their children. In regions with poor contraceptive prevalence rates, lack of effective education has been largely implicated, and Nigeria falls among such regions. Thus, the present study is designed to examine the impact of an educational intervention on uptake of contraceptives among women aged 18–49 years seeking care at the Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital Nnewi. Methods: Being an interventional study to underscore the effect of targeted health education on uptake of contraceptives, a randomized controlled trials design was adopted. A total of 275 women were randomly recruited and allocated into two groups—140 in intervention group and 135 in the control group. Data was collected by trained research assistants using a pretested structured interviewer-administered questionnaire and analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 25. The level of significance was set at p < 0.05. Results: At baseline, the level of uptake of contraceptives was similar in both the control and the intervention group (control = 2.48 points; intervention = 2.55 points). Overall, there were no statistically discernible differences between the two groups at baseline. The level of awareness and knowledge on contraceptives as well as the uptake of contraceptives significantly increased in both groups at the end of the study period. A statistically significantly higher increase was noted in the intervention group when compared to the control in level of awareness ( t = 3.235; p < 0.05) and uptake of contraceptives ( t = 2.628; p < 0.05). Significant positive changes in perceptions of contraceptives were observed more among the intervention group when compared to the control. Logistic regression analysis showed uptake of contraceptives was significantly influenced by occupation, monthly income, source of information, time of first use of contraceptives, level of knowledge on contraceptives as well as the targeted educational intervention. Conclusion: The targeted health educational intervention had a significant and positive effect on the level of awareness and uptake of contraceptives, as displayed in the intervention group. A significant and positive change in perception of contraceptives was also noted among the intervention group in almost all the questions. Certain factors were found to significantly impact the uptake of contraceptives. There is a need for studies with longer follow-up to ascertain sustained impact of health education on uptake of contraceptives. Further studies should be carried out in the other facilities in Nnewi to ensure a better coverage and representation of the target population. Finally, related studies should be carried out among men.
Impact of Magnesium and Ferritin Deficiency on Depression Among Adolescent Students
Authors: Abdelmoneam Amany H. , Khafagy Ghada M. , Elbeh Khaled A , Hasan Marwa D. A. 
Published: May 2024

Background: Depression is considered the fourth-leading cause of health problems. It is the fourth-leading cause of health problems and disability, which causes 16% of the worldwide burden of disease and injury among adolescents. Objective: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the possible association of magnesium (Mg) and ferritin deficiency with depression in adolescent students. Patients and Methods: This case control study in secondary schools at Al-Ghanayem discrete. The total number included was 358 students. All were screened for depression by the Arabic version of the Beck questionnaire. The students who had positive score was selected as cases 86 and a matched same number of students with negative score was selected as controls. Serum level of ferritin and magnesium was measured in the 2 groups. Results: There was statistically significant difference between the studied groups when comparing depression grade with each of ferritin and Mg Depressed group cases had lower mean values of ferritin and Mg. The ferritin cut-off level for the prediction of depression was (35.5 μg/dL, which had a sensitivity of 74.4% and a specificity of 75.6%. The magnesium cut-off levels for the prediction of depression were1.95 mg/dL and 104.5 ng/dL which had a sensitivity of 70% and 64%, respectively. Conclusion: There was a statistically significant negative correlation between depression severity and each of socio-economic status ferritin and Mg. Each of ferritin and Mg were predictors for depression.
NLRP4E regulates actin cap formation through SRC and CDC42 during oocyte meiosis
Authors: Shi Li-Ya , Wang Yang , Yang Yan-Jie , Li Qian , Yang Zhi-Xia , Sun Li-Hua , Luo Fu-Qiang , He Yu-hao , Zhang Shu-Ping , Su Ning , Liu Jia-Qi , He Ye , Guan Yi-Chun , Wei Zhao-Lian , Cao Yun-Xia , Zhang Dong 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
Members of the nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain, leucine rich repeat and pyrin domain containing (NLRP) family regulate various physiological and pathological processes. However, none have been shown to regulate actin cap formation or spindle translocation during the asymmetric division of oocyte meiosis I. NLRP4E has been reported as a candidate protein in female fertility, but its function is unknown.

Methods
Immunofluorescence, reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and western blotting were employed to examine the localization and expression levels of NLRP4E and related proteins in mouse oocytes. small interfering RNA (siRNA) and antibody transfection were used to knock down NLRP4E and other proteins. Immunoprecipitation (IP)-mass spectrometry was used to identify the potential proteins interacting with NLRP4E. Coimmunoprecipitation (Co-IP) was used to verify the protein interactions. Wild type (WT) or mutant NLRP4E messenger RNA (mRNA) was injected into oocytes for rescue experiments. In vitro phosphorylation was employed to examine the activation of steroid receptor coactivator (SRC) by NLRP4E.

Results
NLRP4E was more predominant within oocytes compared with other NLRP4 members. NLRP4E knockdown significantly inhibited actin cap formation and spindle translocation toward the cap region, resulting in the failure of polar body extrusion at the end of meiosis I. Mechanistically, GRIN1, and GANO1 activated NLRP4E by phosphorylation at Ser429 and Thr430; p-NLRP4E is translocated and is accumulated in the actin cap region during spindle translocation. Next, we found that p-NLRP4E directly phosphorylated SRC at Tyr418, while p-SRC negatively regulated p-CDC42-S71, an inactive form of CDC42 that promotes actin cap formation and spindle translocation in the GTP-bound form.

Conclusions
NLRP4E activated by GRIN1 and GANO1 regulates actin cap formation and spindle translocation toward the cap region through upregulation of p-SRC-Tyr418 and downregulation of p-CDC42-S71 during meiosis I.
Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome with central nervous system symptom onset: a case report and literature review
Authors: Shan Dawei , Chen Weibi , Liu Gang , Zhang Huimin , Chai Shuting , Zhang Yan 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is a natural focal disease transmitted mainly by tick bites, and the causative agent is SFTS virus (SFTSV). SFTS can rapidly progress to severe disease, with multiple-organ failure (MOF) manifestations such as shock, respiratory failure, disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) and death, but cases of SFTS patients with central nervous system (CNS) symptoms onset and marked persistent involuntary shaking of the perioral area and limbs have rarely been reported.

Case presentation
A 69-year-old woman with fever and persistent involuntary shaking of the perioral area and limbs was diagnosed with SFTS with CNS symptom onset after metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and peripheral blood identified SFTSV. The patient developed a cytokine storm and MOF during the course of the disease, and after aggressive antiviral, glucocorticoid, and gamma globulin treatments, her clinical symptoms improved, her laboratory indices returned to normal, and she had a good prognosis.

Conclusion
This case gives us great insight that when patients with CNS symptoms similar to those of viral encephalitis combined with thrombocytopenia and leukopenia are encountered in the clinic, it is necessary to consider the possibility of SFTS involving the CNS. Testing for SFTSV nucleic acid in CSF and blood (mNGS or polymerase chain reaction (PCR)) should be carried out, especially in critically ill patients, and treatment should be given accordingly.