bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Novel putative causal mutations associated with fat traits in Nellore cattle uncovered by eQTLs located in open chromatin regions
Authors: Garcia Ingrid Soares , Silva-Vignato Bárbara , Cesar Aline Silva Mello , Petrini Juliana , da Silva Vinicius Henrique , Morosini Natália Silva , Goes Carolina Purcell , Afonso Juliana , da Silva Thaís Ribeiro , Lima Beatriz Delcarme , Clemente Luan Gaspar , Regitano Luciana Correia de Almeida , Mourão Gerson Barreto , Coutinho Luiz Lehmann 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIntramuscular fat (IMF) and backfat thickness (BFT) are critical economic traits impacting meat quality. However, the genetic variants controlling these traits need to be better understood. To advance knowledge in this area, we integrated RNA-seq and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) identified in genomic and transcriptomic data to generate a linkage disequilibrium filtered panel of 553,581 variants. Expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) analysis revealed 36,916 cis-eQTLs and 14,408 trans-eQTLs. Association analysis resulted in three eQTLs associated with BFT and 24 with IMF. Functional enrichment analysis of genes regulated by these 27 eQTLs revealed noteworthy pathways that can play a fundamental role in lipid metabolism and fat deposition, such as immune response, cytoskeleton remodeling, iron transport, and phospholipid metabolism. We next used ATAC-Seq assay to identify and overlap eQTL and open chromatin regions. Six eQTLs were in regulatory regions, four in predicted insulators and possible CCCTC-binding factor DNA binding sites, one in an active enhancer region, and the last in a low signal region. Our results provided novel insights into the transcriptional regulation of IMF and BFT, unraveling putative regulatory variants.
Fast EM-driven nature-inspired optimization of antenna input characteristics using response features and variable-resolution simulation models
Authors: Koziel Slawomir , Pietrenko-Dabrowska Anna 
Published: May 2024

AbstractUtilization of optimization technique is a must in the design of contemporary antenna systems. Often, global search methods are necessary, which are associated with high computational costs when conducted at the level of full-wave electromagnetic (EM) models. In this study, we introduce an innovative method for globally optimizing reflection responses of multi-band antennas. Our approach uses surrogates constructed based on response features, smoothing the objective function landscape processed by the algorithm. We begin with initial parameter space screening and surrogate model construction using coarse-discretization EM analysis. Subsequently, the surrogate evolves iteratively into a co-kriging model, refining itself using accumulated high-fidelity EM simulation results, with the infill criterion focusing on minimizing the predicted objective function. Employing a particle swarm optimizer (PSO) as the underlying search routine, extensive verification case studies showcase the efficiency and superiority of our procedure over benchmarks. The average optimization cost translates to just around ninety high-fidelity EM antenna analyses, showcasing excellent solution repeatability. Leveraging variable-resolution simulations achieves up to a seventy percent speedup compared to the single-fidelity algorithm.
Association between biological aging and periodontitis using NHANES 2009–2014 and mendelian randomization
Authors: Li Sihong , Wen Chang , Bai Xueying , Yang Dong 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAging is a recognized risk factor for periodontitis, while biological aging could provide more accurate insights into an individual's functional status. This study aimed to investigate the potential association between biological aging and periodontitis. Epidemiological data from 9803 participants in the 2009–2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were analyzed at a cross-sectional level to assess this link. Three biological ages [Klemera–Doubal method (KDM), PhenoAge, and homeostatic dysregulation (HD)] and two measures of accelerated biological aging (BioAgeAccel and PhenoAgeAccel) were set as primary exposure and were calculated. Logistic regression and restricted cubic spline regression were employed to examine the relationship between biological aging and periodontitis. Additionally, Mendelian randomization analysis was conducted to explore the causal connection between accelerated biological aging and periodontitis. After adjusting for age, gender, race, educational level, marital status, ratio of family income, and disease conditions, this study, found a significant association between subjects with older higher biological ages, accelerated biological aging, and periodontitis. Specifically, for a per year increase in the three biological ages (HD, KDM, and PhenoAge), the risk of periodontitis increases by 15%, 3%, and 4% respectively. Individuals who had positive BioAgeAccel or PhenoAgeAccel were 20% or 37% more likely to develop periodontitis compared with those who had negative BioAgeAccel or PhenoAgeAccel. Furthermore, a significant non-linear positive relationship was observed between the three biological ages, accelerated biological aging, and periodontitis. However, the Mendelian randomization analysis indicated no causal effect of accelerated biological aging on periodontitis. Our findings suggest that biological aging may contribute to the risk of periodontitis, highlighting the potential utility of preventive strategies targeting aging-related pathways in reducing periodontitis risk among older adults.
Revealing isochoric water nucleation: a visual study
Authors: Câmpean Ștefan-Ioan , Beșchea George-Andrei , Tăbăcaru Maria-Bianca , Năstase Gabriel 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe phenomena of water freezing at constant volume, or isochoric, is becoming more and more fascinating. However, because the system is subjected to extremely high pressures, it is exceedingly challenging to investigate it visually. Fewer properties have been found visually up till now, but many have been found through other means. Nevertheless, we were able to design a reactor so that it could be observed through a microscope as water was frozen and thawed at constant volume, reaching temperatures as low as − 12 °C and pressures up to 129 MPa. In this study, we observed critical characteristics visually, focusing on the location of the ice nucleus, its shape, and dynamics. Phase transitions from liquid to solid state are essential mechanisms in the physical sciences. The creation of ice stands as the quintessential and pervasive example of nucleation, playing a central role in diverse disciplines such as geology, biology, aviation, and climate research.
Rationally designed chromosome fusion does not prevent rapid growth of Vibrio natriegens
Authors: Ramming Lea , Stukenberg Daniel , Sánchez Olmos María del Carmen , Glatter Timo , Becker Anke , Schindler Daniel 
Published: May 2024

AbstractDNA replication is essential for the proliferation of all cells. Bacterial chromosomes are replicated bidirectionally from a single origin of replication, with replication proceeding at about 1000 bp per second. For the model organism, Escherichia coli, this translates into a replication time of about 40 min for its 4.6 Mb chromosome. Nevertheless, E. coli can propagate by overlapping replication cycles with a maximum short doubling time of 20 min. The fastest growing bacterium known, Vibrio natriegens, is able to replicate with a generation time of less than 10 min. It has a bipartite genome with chromosome sizes of 3.2 and 1.9 Mb. Is simultaneous replication from two origins a prerequisite for its rapid growth? We fused the two chromosomes of V. natriegens to create a strain carrying one chromosome with a single origin of replication. Compared to the parental, this strain showed no significant deviation in growth rate. This suggests that the split genome is not a prerequisite for rapid growth.
Nanoscale spin ordering and spin screening effects in tunnel ferromagnetic Josephson junctions
Authors: Satariano Roberta , Volkov Anatoly Fjodorovich , Ahmad Halima Giovanna , Di Palma Luigi , Ferraiuolo Raffaella , Vettoliere Antonio , Granata Carmine , Montemurro Domenico , Parlato Loredana , Pepe Giovanni Piero , Tafuri Francesco , Ausanio Giovanni , Massarotti Davide 
Published: May 2024

AbstractMagnetic Josephson junctions (MJJs) have emerged as a prominent playground to explore the interplay between superconductivity and ferromagnetism. A series of fascinating experiments have revealed striking phenomena at the superconductor/ferromagnet (S/F) interface, pointing to tunable phase transitions and to the generation of unconventional spin-triplet correlations. Here, we show that the Josephson effect, being sensitive to phase space variation on the nanoscale, allows a direct observation of the spin polarization of the S/F interface. By measuring the temperature dependence of the Josephson magnetic field patterns of tunnel MJJs with strong and thin F-layer, we demonstrate an induced nanoscale spin order in S along the superconducting coherence length at S/F interface, i.e., the inverse proximity effect, with the first evidence of full spin screening at very low temperatures, as expected by the theory. A comprehensive phase diagram for spin nanoscale ordering regimes at S/F interfaces in MJJs has been derived in terms of the magnetic moment induced in the S-layer. Our findings contribute to drive the design and the tailoring of S/F interfaces also in view of potential applications in quantum computing.
Identifying autism spectrum disorder from multi-modal data with privacy-preserving
Authors: Wang Haishuai , Jing Hezi , Yang Jianjun , Liu Chao , Hu Liwei , Tao Guangyu , Zhao Ziping , Shen Ning 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe application of deep learning models to precision medical diagnosis often requires the aggregation of large amounts of medical data to effectively train high-quality models. However, data privacy protection mechanisms make it difficult to perform medical data collection from different medical institutions. In autism spectrum disorder (ASD) diagnosis, automatic diagnosis using multimodal information from heterogeneous data has not yet achieved satisfactory performance. To address the privacy preservation issue as well as to improve ASD diagnosis, we propose a deep learning framework using multimodal feature fusion and hypergraph neural networks for disease prediction in federated learning (FedHNN). By introducing the federated learning strategy, each local model is trained and computed independently in a distributed manner without data sharing, allowing rapid scaling of medical datasets to achieve robust and scalable deep learning predictive models. To further improve the performance with privacy preservation, we improve the hypergraph model for multimodal fusion to make it suitable for autism spectrum disorder (ASD) diagnosis tasks by capturing the complementarity and correlation between modalities through a hypergraph fusion strategy. The results demonstrate that our proposed federated learning-based prediction model is superior to all local models and outperforms other deep learning models. Overall, our proposed FedHNN has good results in the work of using multi-site data to improve the performance of ASD identification.
Controlling lasing around exceptional points in coupled nanolasers
Authors: Fischer Anna , Raziman T. V. , Ng Wai Kit , Clarysse Jente , Saxena Dhruv , Dranczewski Jakub , Vezzoli Stefano , Schmid Heinz , Moselund Kirsten , Sapienza Riccardo 
Published: May 2024

AbstractCoupled nanolasers are of growing interest for on-chip optical computation and data transmission, which requires an understanding of how lasers interact to form complex systems. The non-Hermitian interaction between two coupled resonators, when excited selectively, can lead to parity-time symmetry, the formation of exceptional points, and subsequently spectral control and increased sensitivity. These investigations have been limited to pump energies close to the lasing threshold, and large or narrow-line lasers. Here, by programmable optical excitation we study two coupled nanolasers significantly above threshold, where mode instability plays an important role. We map the mode evolution around two exceptional points, and observe lasing gaps due to reversed pump dependence which compare well with non-linear theory. Finally, the coupling can be exploited to control the lasing threshold and wavelength, and for frequency switching around the lasing gap. Controlled and integrated nanolasers constitutes a promising platform for future highly sensitive and programmable on-chip laser sources.
The Arabidopsis SGN3/GSO1 receptor kinase integrates soil nitrogen status into shoot development
Authors: Shen Defeng , Wippel Kathrin , Remmel Simone , Zhang Yuanyuan , Kuertoes Noah , Neumann Ulla , Kopriva Stanislav , Andersen Tonni Grube 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe Casparian strip is a barrier in the endodermal cell walls of plants that allows the selective uptake of nutrients and water. In the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana, its development and establishment are under the control of a receptor-ligand mechanism termed the Schengen pathway. This pathway facilitates barrier formation and activates downstream compensatory responses in case of dysfunction. However, due to a very tight functional association with the Casparian strip, other potential signaling functions of the Schengen pathway remain obscure. In this work, we created a MYB36-dependent synthetic positive feedback loop that drives Casparian strip formation independently of Schengen-induced signaling. We evaluated this by subjecting plants in which the Schengen pathway has been uncoupled from barrier formation, as well as a number of established barrier-mutant plants, to agar-based and soil conditions that mimic agricultural settings. Under the latter conditions, the Schengen pathway is necessary for the establishment of nitrogen-deficiency responses in shoots. These data highlight Schengen signaling as an essential hub for the adaptive integration of signaling from the rhizosphere to aboveground tissues.
Synaptotagmin-11 facilitates assembly of a presynaptic signaling complex in post-Golgi cargo vesicles
Authors: Trovò Luca , Kouvaros Stylianos , Schwenk Jochen , Fernandez-Fernandez Diego , Fritzius Thorsten , Rem Pascal Dominic , Früh Simon , Gassmann Martin , Fakler Bernd , Bischofberger Josef , Bettler Bernhard 
Published: May 2024

AbstractGABAB receptors (GBRs), the G protein-coupled receptors for GABA, regulate synaptic transmission throughout the brain. A main synaptic function of GBRs is the gating of Cav2.2-type Ca2+ channels. However, the cellular compartment where stable GBR/Cav2.2 signaling complexes form remains unknown. In this study, we demonstrate that the vesicular protein synaptotagmin-11 (Syt11) binds to both the auxiliary GBR subunit KCTD16 and Cav2.2 channels. Through these dual interactions, Syt11 recruits GBRs and Cav2.2 channels to post-Golgi vesicles, thus facilitating assembly of GBR/Cav2.2 signaling complexes. In addition, Syt11 stabilizes GBRs and Cav2.2 channels at the neuronal plasma membrane by inhibiting constitutive internalization. Neurons of Syt11 knockout mice exhibit deficits in presynaptic GBRs and Cav2.2 channels, reduced neurotransmitter release, and decreased GBR-mediated presynaptic inhibition, highlighting the critical role of Syt11 in the assembly and stable expression of GBR/Cav2.2 complexes. These findings support that Syt11 acts as a vesicular scaffold protein, aiding in the assembly of signaling complexes from low-abundance components within transport vesicles. This mechanism enables insertion of pre-assembled functional signaling units into the synaptic membrane.
Exploring the cellular antioxidant mechanism against cytotoxic silver nanoparticles: a Raman spectroscopic analysis
Authors: Redolfi-Bristol Davide , Yamamoto Kenta , Marin Elia , Zhu Wenliang , Mazda Osam , Riello Pietro , Pezzotti Giuseppe 
Published: May 2024

In-time Raman microspectroscopy investigation of intracellular molecular variations revealed the activation of antioxidant mechanisms during the first 24 h of exposure to Silver Nanoparticles (AgNPs).
Bayesian attention‐based user behaviour modelling for click‐through rate prediction
Authors: Zhang Yihao , Chen Mian , Chen Ruizhen , Zhao Chu , Yuan Meng , Sun Zhu 
Published: May 2024

AbstractExploiting the hierarchical dependence behind user behaviour is critical for click‐through rate (CRT) prediction in recommender systems. Existing methods apply attention mechanisms to obtain the weights of items; however, the authors argue that deterministic attention mechanisms cannot capture the hierarchical dependence between user behaviours because they treat each user behaviour as an independent individual and cannot accurately express users' flexible and changeable interests. To tackle this issue, the authors introduce the Bayesian attention to the CTR prediction model, which treats attention weights as data‐dependent local random variables and learns their distribution by approximating their posterior distribution. Specifically, the prior knowledge is constructed into the attention weight distribution, and then the posterior inference is utilised to capture the implicit and flexible user intentions. Extensive experiments on public datasets demonstrate that our algorithm outperforms state‐of‐the‐art algorithms. Empirical evidence shows that random attention weights can predict user intentions better than deterministic ones.
ADIR: Advanced domain‐invariant representation via decoupling learning and information bottleneck
Authors: Zhong Yangyang , Yan Yunfeng , Luo Pengxin , Zhou Yuhao , Qi Donglian 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe discrepancy in data distribution between training and testing scenarios, as well as the inductive bias of convolutional neural networks towards image styles, reduces the model's generalization ability. Many unsupervised domain generalization methods based on feature decoupling suffer from an initial neglect of explicit decoupling of content and style features, resulting in content features that still contain considerable redundant information, thereby restricting improvements in generalization capability. To tackle this problem, this paper optimizes the learning process of domain‐invariant (content) features into an information compression issue, minimizing redundancy in content features. Furthermore, to enhance decoupled learning, this paper introduces innovative cross‐domain loss functions and image reconstruction modules that explicitly decouple and merge content and style across different domains. Extensive experiments demonstrate the method's significant enhancements over recent cutting‐edge approaches.
Formation of low-mass protostars and their circumstellar disks
Authors: Ahmad A. , González M. , Hennebelle P. , Commerçon B. 
Published: May 2024

Context. Understanding circumstellar disks is of prime importance in astrophysics; however, their birth process remains poorly constrained due to observational and numerical challenges. Recent numerical works have shown that the small-scale physics, often wrapped into a sub-grid model, play a crucial role in disk formation and evolution. This calls for a combined approach in which both the protostar and circumstellar disk are studied in concert.
Aims. We aim to elucidate the small-scale physics and constrain sub-grid parameters commonly chosen in the literature by resolving the star-disk interaction.
Methods. We carried out a set of very high resolution 3D radiative-hydrodynamics simulations that self-consistently describe the collapse of a turbulent, dense molecular cloud core to stellar densities. We studied the birth of the protostar, the circumstellar disk, and its early evolution (< 6 yr after protostellar formation).
Results. Following the second gravitational collapse, the nascent protostar quickly reaches breakup velocity and sheds its surface material, thus forming a hot (∼103 K), dense, and highly flared circumstellar disk. The protostar is embedded within the disk such that material can flow without crossing any shock fronts. The circumstellar disk mass quickly exceeds that of the protostar, and its kinematics are dominated by self-gravity. Accretion onto the disk is highly anisotropic, and accretion onto the protostar mainly occurs through material that slides on the disk surface. The polar mass flux is negligible in comparison. The radiative behavior also displays a strong anisotropy, as the polar accretion shock was shown to be supercritical, whereas its equatorial counterpart is subcritical. We also find a remarkable convergence of our results with respect to initial conditions.
Conclusions. These results reveal the structure and kinematics in the smallest spatial scales relevant to protostellar and circumstellar disk evolution. They can be used to describe accretion onto regions commonly described by sub-grid models in simulations studying larger-scale physics.
Pädiatrische Rhinologie
Authors: Hackenberg Stephan , Renson Ariane , Röseler Stefani Maria , Baumann Ingo , Topcuoglu Miray-Su Yilmaz , Hebestreit Helge 
Published: May 2024

ZusammenfassungDer folgende Übersichtsartikel beleuchtet Schwerpunkte der pädiatrischen
Rhinologie, die aktuell in der Wissenschaft und auf Tagungen sowie in der
interdisziplinären Diskussion zwischen Hals-Nasen-Ohren-Heilkunde und Pädiatrie
federführend thematisiert werden. Im Speziellen werden angeborene Fehlbildungen
wie die Choanalatresie oder die nasalen Dermoidzysten diskutiert. Des Weiteren
folgt eine Stellungnahme zum aktuellen Vorgehen bei sinugenen orbitalen
Komplikationen sowie zur Diagnostik und Therapie der chronischen Rhinosinusitis
bei Kindern. Im Besonderen folgen Updates zur Aufgabe des
Hals-Nasen-Ohren-Arztes bei der Betreuung von Kindern mit zystischer Fibrose und
Primärer Ziliendyskinesie.
Interdisziplinäre Behandlung von Schädelbasistumoren
Authors: Gerlach Ruediger , Modesti Claudia Lodovica , Rampinelli Vittorio 
Published: May 2024

Zusammenfassung
Zielsetzung Die endoskopische endonasale Schädelbasischirurgie hat sich
weltweit durchgesetzt. Vergleichende Analysen haben gezeigt, dass die
endoskopische Schädelbasischirurgie bei vielen Pathologien der vorderen
Schädelbasis, z. B. bei bösartigen Tumoren der Nasennebenhöhlen, bei Pathologien
der zentralen Schädelbasis wie Hypophysenadenomen, Kraniopharyngiomen,
ausgewählten Fällen von Meningiomen des Planum sphenoidale und des Tuberculum
sellae oder bei clivalen Läsionen, z. B. bei Chordomen, Chondrosarkomen oder
bestimmten Meningiomen, Vorteile bieten kann. In den letzten drei Jahrzehnten
konnten interdisziplinäre chirurgische Teams bestehend aus HNO-Ärzten und
Neurochirurgen detaillierte anatomische Kenntnisse vermitteln, neue Ansätze oder
Modifikationen etablierter chirurgischer Techniken vorschlagen und somit zu
einer kontinuierlichen chirurgischen Weiterbildung beitragen.
Methode Es wurde eine Übersicht über die einschlägige Literatur erstellt,
wobei der Schwerpunkt auf der interdisziplinären endoskopischen Chirurgie von
Schädelbasisläsionen lag.
Ergebnisse Auf der Grundlage der chirurgischen Erfahrung der Autoren in
zwei verschiedenen interdisziplinären endoskopischen Schädelbasiszentren
klassifizieren die Autoren die Ansätze für die endoskopische endonasale
Schädelbasischirurgie, beschreiben Indikationen und wichtige anatomische
Orientierungspunkte für häufige Pathologien und heben chirurgische Techniken zur
Vermeidung von Komplikationen hervor.
Schlussfolgerung Die interdisziplinäre endonasale endoskopische Chirurgie
vereint chirurgisches Fachwissen, verbessert die Resektionsraten bei vielen
Pathologien und minimiert die Morbidität durch Verringern der Häufigkeit
chirurgischer Komplikationen.