bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Qualitative morphological similarities among hybrid Phalaenopsis in Indonesia
Authors: Hartati S , Rizki L N 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Phalaenopsis spp. is one of the most popular orchid species in Indonesia and abroad. Various plant breeding efforts have increased orchids’ economic value and aesthetics. This research was conducted to study the similarity of morphological characters between orchids in eight hybrid Phalaenopsis species, namely Dtps. Shu Long King x Shu Long Purple Queen, Dtps. Fuller’s Sunset, Dtps. Shu Long Purple Queen x OX King 3545, P. Golden Tree, Dtps. OX X-Ray, P. Shu Long Romantic, Dtps. Fuller’s C-Plus 3790, Shu Long TS2904. Observation data were analyzed using the NTSys 2.02i software application. The results showed that there were two large clusters at a similarity coefficient of 0.77. Cluster 1 includes Dtps. Shu Long Purple Queen x OX King 3545, Dtps. Shu Long King x Shu Long Purple Queen, P. Shu Long TS2904, and P. Shu Long Romantic. Cluster 2 includes Dtps. Fuller’s Sunset, P. Golden Tree, Dtps. Fuller’s C-Plus 3790, Dtps. OX X-Ray. At a similarity coefficient of 0.93, there are orchids Dtps. Shu Long Purple Queen x OX King 3545 with Dtps. Shu Long King x Shu Long Purple Queen and Dtps. Fuller’s Sunset with P. Golden Tree.
Utilization of Medicinal Plant Species by the Community of Wonodadi Village, Pracimantoro District, Wonogiri Regency
Authors: Oktavi Azzahra Erza , Agustina Ana , Masyithoh Galuh 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Plants with beneficial active substances are known as medicinal plants. Medicinal plants can be an alternative to chemical drugs, which often have side effects. Therefore, it is necessary to learn about the use of medicinal plants in Wonodadi Village. This research was conducted using qualitative and quantitative methods to identify the species of plants, the parts used, the source or acquisition location, and the processing methods. The data was collected through observation and interviews with 40 respondents selected using the snowball sampling technique. The research revealed that there were 40 types of medicinal plants used by the community, with ginger had the highest percentage of use (95%). Furthermore, the 7 parts of the plants being utilized, namely roots, rhizomes, stem, leaves, flower, fruits, and resin with leaves being the most commonly used part (54%). Medicinal plants were mostly obtained from fields and yards, and were processed through various methods. Medicinal plants were typically sourced from both fields and yards (62%), and boiling was the most common processing method (36%).
The relation of macrofauna and soil organic carbon in Sacha Inchi cropping patterns
Authors: Aryani W , Supriyadi  , Dewi W S , Purwanto  
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Soil macrofauna plays an important role in the soil ecosystem. Through various biological activities, macrofauna provides various ecosystem services such as the provision and regulation of nutrients and carbon through litter decomposition, increasing water holding capacity, and improving soil structure. The diversity of soil macrofauna is strongly influenced by the litter produced. The more diverse types of plants, the more diverse macrofauna will be found. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between macrofauna and soil organic carbon in various cropping patterns of sacha inchi in Sragen, Central Java. The research was conducted on teak-sacha inchi, teak monoculture, mixed agroforestry, and sacha inchi monoculture. Based on the results, there were a total of 6 orders of macrofauna in four types of cropping patterns. The highest total number of individuals was found in the sacha inchi monoculture. The macrofauna diversity index was found the highest in teak-sacha inchi with a Shannon-Wiener index of 1.207, and the lowest in the sacha inchi monoculture with a Shannon-Wiener index of 0.76. Based on the correlation analysis, it is known that soil organic carbon content has a negative correlation with the number of macrofauna and a positive correlation with macrofauna diversity.
Larvicidal activity of liverworts’ (Marchantia paleacea) ethyl acetate fraction against Athalia proxima
Authors: Mulyani S , Sugiyarto  , Pangastuti A 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Indonesia is an agrarian country with extensive agricultural land and a variety of crop types. One of the challenges faced by farmers when cultivating crops is pest infestation. The larval stage of Athalia proxima attacks cruciferous plants, leading to a 65-80% decrease in productivity. Continuous use of synthetic larvicides has negative impacts such as pest resistance, harm to natural plant enemies, and environmental pollution. This research aims to investigate the larvicidal activity of the ethyl acetate fraction of ethanol extract from liverworts (Marchantia paleacea) against A. proxima. The stages of compound isolation included extraction and fractionation. Compound groups in the fraction were identified through phytochemical screening. The larvicidal activity testing method used was the spray method. The concentrations of liverwort ethyl acetate fraction used were 0.4%, 0.6%, 0.8%, and 1%. Distilled water was used as a negative control. Larval mortality was observed 24 hours after application and analyzed using probit analysis to determine the LC50 value. Phytochemical screening results indicated that the ethyl acetate fraction tested positive for alkaloids, phenolics, flavonoids, terpenoids, and steroids. The LC50 value of the ethyl acetate fraction of the ethanol extract from M. paleacea was 0.33%. Therefore, the ethyl acetate fraction of M. paleacea exhibited high larvicidal activity against A. proxima.
The effect of gamma ray re-irradiation on genetic variations in black rice based on RAPD and Bph gene resistance location based on SSR markers
Authors: Bachtari R P , Susilowati A , Sutarno S 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe black rice variety Cempo Ireng M8 generation already has morphologically uniform characteristics and good productivity values. However, the black rice M8 generation is still susceptible to planthopper pests. Therefore, a re-irradiation process was carried out on M8 using 200 Gy gamma rays to obtain a black rice variety resistant to planthopper pests. This re-radiation treatment has produced the M2 generation. To determine the genetic variations between M8 black rice plants and the M2 generation that are formed, this research conducted molecular methods using six RAPD markers and three SSR markers to determine genes in the sample related to the Bph resistance gene. The sequenced SSR amplicons were analyzed using BLAST in NCBI. The results of the RAPD marker showed genetic variation in the seven black rice samples with an average polymorphism percentage of 92.85% and the Polymorphic Information Content (PIC) value for the six primers was between 0.25-0.5, which means the RAPD primers is informative. The analysis and sequence results of the RM5953 primer show that the primer is located in the Bph resistance gene (chromosome 4) and produces an amplicon at a band size of 129 bp.
Effect of green manure on the availability of Phosphorus and Potassium nutrients in Vertisols
Authors: Suntoro  , Herdiansyah G , Widijanto H , Tjahjanto A D , Puspitasari C , Wardhana H R 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The need for rice as a staple food continues to increase, increasing the demand for land. However, the soil’s availability of nutrients is decreasing due to inappropriate and excessive use of chemical fertilizers, causing soil degradation. Green fertilizer is an effective effort to reduce excessive use of chemical fertilizers. The research aims to determine the use of green manure in influencing the availability of phosphorus and potassium nutrients. The research was conducted on Vertisols in Weru District, Sukoharjo Regency. The research was carried out using experimental methods. There were 10 treatments with 3 replications (A: Control; B: NPK Fertilizer 200 kg/ha; C: Straw 10 Tons/ha; D: Kirinyuh 10 Tons/ha; E: Water spinach 10 Tons/ha; F: Water Hyacinth 10 Tons/ha; G: NPK 100 kg/ha + Straw 5 Tons/ha; H: NPK 100 kg/ha + Kirinyuh 5 Tons/ha; I: NPK 100 kg/ha + Water spinach 5 Tons/ha; J: NPK 100 kg/ha + Water Hyacinth 5 Tons/ha). The results show that green manure affects the availability of phosphorus and potassium nutrients. Kirinyuh fertilizer (5-10 tons/ha) gives the highest results in providing phosphorus and potassium nutrients in Vertisols. Using green fertilizers can offset chemical fertilizers by increasing the availability of phosphorus and potassium nutrients.
The Use of Biostimulants in Javanese Turmeric (Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb.) Cultivation to Increase Production Competitiveness
Authors: Utami N , Mulyono D , Jufri A , Tanjung A 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The objective of the research is to increase the productivity and quality of javanese turmeric. The research is a descriptive analytic by using information and data from senior agricultural experts and scientific publications. The agribusiness of javanese turmeric has bright prospects, but there is still problem where javanese turmeric cultivated traditionally so the average productivity and quality is low. According to the regulation from Agency of Food and Drug Supervisory, the production of medicinal plant is required to be high quality to ensure the efficacy and safety of medicinal herb. The efforts to increase productivity and quality in the cultivation of javanese turmeric can be done through the combination of using biostimulant and the application of Good Agriculture Practice (GAP). The use of biostimulant will provide more available nutrients for plant growth, increase plant protection from pathogen, and increase soil water holding capacity where it will lead to increase productivity. The combination of using biostimulant and application of GAP will lead to increase productivity and quality of javanese turmeric production where it can meet the requirement of modern medicinal herb industry. Furthermore, it is expected to increase the competitiveness of production, increase farmer income, and lead to develop farmer economy.
Growth response of mustard greens (Brassica juncea L.) to nutrient formulations in hydroponic media
Authors: Surya Bidara Irna , Sugiartini Emi , Pitono Joko , Rosliani Rini , Kusyaeri Hamdani Kiki , Setiawan  , Taulabi Darwin 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The production of mustard greens (Brassica juncea L.) by applying a hydroponic technique has been widely operated in urban areas. One of limited factor on hydroponic operation is a high spending cost on nutrition input i.e. AB Mix nutrition. The aim of this research was to evaluate the effectiveness of NPK for substituting AB Mix on hydroponic operation of mustard greens. The research was conducted at BPTP Jakarta, from February to April 2021. Five combinations of NPK substitution on AB Mix were evaluated, namely: 100% AB Mix as control (H0), 75% AB Mix - 25% NPK (H1), 50% AB Mix - 50% NPK (H2), 25% AB Mix - 75% NPK (H3), 100% NPK (H4). All the treatments were arranged on a completely randomized design with 4 replications. The results showed that combination of AB Mix 25% + NPK 75% (H3) yield mustard greens growth similarly with the control plant (100% AB Mix). This finding approved that proportion of NPK for AB Mix substitution was appropriate up to 75% on hydroponic operation for mustard greens cultivation.
The Growth of Biofortified Mustard Green Plants with Iron and Zinc through Foliar Spray
Authors: Setyoningsih A R , Samanhudi  , Sakya A T , Supriyono  , Setyawati A 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Agronomic biofortification of iron and zinc is important to increase iron and zinc content in mustard greens, because the amounts are still too small to meet the iron and zinc needs of the human body. However, the growth must be evaluated to determine the right concentration for iron and zinc biofortification in mustard greens that do not inhibit or are toxic to mustard growth. This study aims to evaluate the growth of mustard plants undergoing iron and zinc biofortification through foliar spray. The study was conducted in the Karanganyar screen house using a randomized block design with 2 factors (Fe-EDTA and Zn-EDTA, each concentration 0; 0.2; 0.4; and 0.6 g/L). Based on the result, there was an interaction between Fe and Zn concentrations in the number of leaves and leaf area. It also showed a positive correlation between all growth parameters. Spraying of Fe and Zn with a concentration of 0.2-0.6 g/L does not inhibit or be toxic for the growth of mustard green plants, but the spraying of Fe and Zn has not been able to produce better mustard green growth because there is no significant increase in mustard green growth compared to the control plant.
Infection of Phakopsora pachyrhizi Rust Fungus on Seven Soybean Varieties in Pine and Mahogany Agroforestry
Authors: Poromarto S H , Yuniati I Y 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Pine and mahogany agroforestry systems are a few alternatives to increase soybean production. However, soybeans in agroforestry systems have problems with disease infection. One of the most important diseases is leaf rust caused by Phakopsora pachyrhizi. The study aims to compare the infection index and rate of P. pachyrhizi on seven soybean varieties in pine and mahogany agroforestry. The research was conducted at KHDTK (Kawasan Hutan dengan Tujuan Khusus) Alas Bromo in Karanganyar, Central Java, Indonesia, using a Completely Randomized Block Design and seven soybean varieties (Anjasmoro, Argomulyo, Dena-1, Dena-2, Denasa-1, Denasa-2, and Devon-1) with three repetitions. The results represented that infection of P. pachyrhizi rust fungus in the mahogany agroforestry system had a higher index and faster infection rate.
Growing the Young Generation’s Interest in Agriculture through Synergy between Tourism and Organic Farming
Authors: Permatasari P , Wibowo A , Suwarto  , Winarno J 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Sustainable agriculture is becoming increasingly important in the context of global population growth and climate change. However, young people’s interest in agriculture has declined due to urbanization and a shift in career preferences. In light of this challenge, the idea to create a synergy between tourism and organic farming has emerged as an interesting and potential solution. This article explores how this synergy can play an important role in growing young people’s interest in agriculture. The research method is qualitative with a phenomenological approach. The research was conducted at an organic farming center in Karanganyar Regency, Central Java. The results show that organic farming, combined with elements of education, sustainability, and social interaction in the tourism experience, has a positive impact on the local economy, improves environmental awareness, and strengthens the connection with nature and local communities. By taking advantage of the potential synergy between tourism and organic farming, young people can be inspired to engage in sustainable agriculture, to create positive changes in future agricultural practices, and to promote a more environmentally conscious and sustainable society.
Experimental techniques
Authors: Dierking Ingo , Martins Figueiredo Neto Antônio 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
In this chapter we discuss some of the most employed experimental techniques in the study of the properties of lyotropic liquid crystals. We start with Polarized Optical Microscopy that is, probably, the one firstly used to observe the outstanding optical properties of these materials. Laser Conoscopy is used to precisely measure optical birefringences and the nature of phase transitions in nematic lyotropic liquid crystals. Differential Scanning Calorimetry is employed to investigate thermal behaviour of the different mesophases and phase transitions. X-ray and neutron diffraction and scattering techniques are employed to study structure and molecular nanosegregation in the basic units of the mesophases. Nuclear Magnetic Resonance is a powerful and complementary tool to investigate molecular structure and dynamics in these materials. Finally, Cryogenic Transmission Electron Microscopy for direct imaging is a technique that allows the observation of the specimen thermally fixed in its natural state.
Chromonics
Authors: Dierking Ingo , Martins Figueiredo Neto Antônio 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The nomenclature ‘chromonic’ has been incorporated into the usual jargon of researchers to characterize lyotropic mixtures made of flat, aromatic molecules, with ionic parts on the periphery of the molecule. Differently from molecular aggregates formed by the hydrophobic/hydrophilic interactions between aliphatic molecules, as encountered in lyotropic liquid crystalline mixtures, the primary units in chromonics are the aromatic molecules (disc- or plank-like in shape). The molecular packing is favoured by pi-stacking interactions between flat molecules. They pile up in columns of different heights and the forces that drive this face-to-face adhesion of molecules are of enthalpic origin. The structure, phase diagrams, and physical properties of these mesophases are discussed.
Inorganic lyotropic liquid crystals
Authors: Dierking Ingo , Martins Figueiredo Neto Antônio 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
A range of different mineral-based are introduced, mainly distinguishing between rod-like and plate-like systems. Historically, vanadium pentoxide appears to be the first rod-like, inorganic particle system to have been studies with respect to liquid crystalline behaviour, already about a century ago. In the same rod-like particle category as vanadium pentoxide, also Aluminium oxyhydroxide, Lithium molybdenoselenite, as well as different forms of iron oxyhydroxide, and imogolite can be found. These are discussed with respect to liquid crystalline behaviour by providing the general structures and scanning microscopic images of their particle shape, together with textures and x-ray diffraction experiments. In the plate-like category a range of different clays like Montmorillonites like bentonite and laponite are introduced. Gibbsite is discussed in detail and further plate-like particle systems are demonstrated. The chapter is finalised by a discussion of mixtures between rods and plates.
Applications
Authors: Dierking Ingo , Martins Figueiredo Neto Antônio 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Some of the characteristics of mixtures that present lyotropic liquid crystalline mesophases give them unique properties. Among these characteristics we can stress the structures of the mesophases, phase transitions as a function of temperature and relative concentrations of the components, existence of direct and inverted phases, and in some structures one may observe large area to volume ratios and nanostructures with different electrical properties in the same basic unit. Some characteristics of lyotropics (e.g., selective reflection and texture) enable them to be employed as sensors of different kinds in the biomedical area. Another important characteristic of lyotropics is the possibility of preparing biocompatible mixtures, where aqueous mixtures are mainly employed for this purpose. In this chapter we discuss some applications of lyotropics in the food, cosmetic, pharmaceutical, and chemical industries, and we will finish with some applications in nanotechnology.
Treat-to-target or high-intensity statin treatment in older adults with coronary artery disease: a post hoc analysis of the LODESTAR trial
Authors: Lee Seung-Jun , Lee Jin-Bae , Yang Tae-Hyun , Kang Woong Chol , Lee Jong-Young , Lee Yong-Joon , Hong Sung-Jin , Ahn Chul-Min , Kim Jung-Sun , Kim Byeong-Keuk , Ko Young-Guk , Hong Bum-Kee , Choi Donghoon , Yoon Junghan , Jang Yangsoo , Hong Myeong-Ki , Kwon H M , Kim J-Y , Min P K , Yoon Y W , Lee B K , Rim S-J , Choi E-Y , Oh P C , Kim K S , Choi J Y , Ryu J K , Kim C Y , Cho H-J , Ahn M-S , Ahn S G , Lee J-W , Son J-W , Yoon H-J , Lee C H , Hwang J , Cho Y-K , Hur S-H , Han S , Nam C-W , Kim H , Park H-S , Kim I-C , Cho Y-H , Jeong H-J , Kim J-H , Lim C , Suh Y , Hwang E S , Lee J H , Lee S Y , Kwon S U , Kim S-Y , Park K-H , Kim H K ,   for the LODESTAR investigators
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background
The optimal statin treatment strategy that is balanced for both efficacy and safety has not been clearly determined in older adults with coronary artery disease (CAD).

Methods
In the post hoc analysis of the LODESTAR (low-density lipoprotein cholesterol-targeting statin therapy versus intensity-based statin therapy in patients with coronary artery disease) trial, the impact between a treat-to-target strategy versus a high-intensity statin therapy strategy was compared in older adults (aged 75 years or older). The goal of treat-to-target low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) level was 50–70 mg/dl. The primary endpoint comprised the three-year composite of all-cause death, myocardial infarction, stroke or coronary revascularisation.

Results
Among 4,400 patients with CAD enrolled in the LODESTAR trial, 822 (18.7%) were aged 75 years or older. Poor clinical outcomes and risk factors for atherosclerosis were more frequently observed in older adults than in younger population (&lt;75 years old). Among these older adults with CAD, the prescription rate of high-intensity statin was significantly lower in the treat-to-target strategy group throughout the study period (P &lt; 0.001). The mean LDL-C level for three years was 65 ± 16 mg/dl in the treat-to-target strategy group and 64 ± 18 mg/dl in the high-intensity statin group (P = 0.34). The incidence of primary endpoint occurrence was 10.9% in the treat-to-target strategy group and 12.0% in the high-intensity statin group (hazard ratio 0.92, 95% confidence interval 0.61–1.38, P = 0.69).

Conclusions
High-intensity statin therapy is theoretically more necessary in older adults because of worse clinical outcomes and greater number of risk factors for atherosclerosis. However, the primary endpoint occurrence with a treat-to-target strategy with an LDL-C goal of 50–70 mg/dl was comparable to that of high-intensity statin therapy and reduced utilisation of a high-intensity statin. Taking efficacy as well as safety into account, adopting a tailored approach may be considered for this high-risk population.

Trial Registration
ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02579499.