bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hydrographic influence on the spawning habitat suitability of western Baltic cod (Gadus morhua)
Authors: Hüssy K. , Hinrichsen H.-H. , Huwer B. 
Published: August 2012

Abstract
Hüssy, K., Hinrichsen, H.-H., and Huwer, B. 2012. Hydrographic influence on the spawning habitat suitability of western Baltic cod (Gadus morhua) – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 69: 1736–1743. Recruitment variability of marine fish is influenced by the reproductive potential of the stock (i.e. stock characteristics and abundance) and the survival of early life stages, mediated by environmental conditions of both a physical (water temperature, salinity and oxygen conditions, ocean currents) and a biological nature (i.e. food, predators). The objective of this study is to assess the importance of variability in environmental conditions within different western Baltic cod spawning grounds for egg survival. Habitat identification was based on environmental threshold levels for egg survival and development and ambient hydrographical conditions at different times during the spawning season. The long-term resolution of environmental conditions allowing survival of western Baltic cod eggs indicates that favourable conditions predominantly occurred during the late spawning season in April/May, while minimum survival rates could be expected from January to March. Unsuitable time periods and habitats exhibiting the highest mortality rates are exclusively characterized by ambient water temperatures below the critical survival threshold. Despite the strong influence of water temperature on habitat suitability, the impact of habitat suitability on recruitment was not clearly defined, suggesting that other mechanisms regulate year class strength.
Spatio-temporal variability in western Baltic cod early life stage survival mediated by egg buoyancy, hydrography and hydrodynamics
Authors: Hinrichsen H-H. , Hüssy K. , Huwer B. 
Published: August 2012

Abstract
Hinrichsen, H-H., Hüssy, K., and Huwer, B. 2012. Spatio-temporal variability in western Baltic cod early life stage survival mediated by egg buoyancy, hydrography and hydrodynamics. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 69: 1744–1752. To disentangle the effects of different drivers on recruitment variability of marine fish, a spatially and temporally explicit understanding of both the spawning stock size and the early life stage dynamics is required. The objectives of this study are to assess the transport of western Baltic cod early life stages as well as the variability in environmentally-mediated survival along drift routes in relation to both spatial (within and between different spawning areas) and temporal (interannual and seasonal) dynamics. A spatially and temporally highly-resolved biophysical model of the Baltic Sea was used to describe mortalities and survival success of eggs and yolk-sac larvae—represented by individual, virtual drifters—as predicted proportions of drifters that either died due to bottom contact or lethal temperatures, or that survived up to the end of the yolk-sac larval stage. The environmental conditions allowing survival of cod and yolk-sac larvae indicate that favourable conditions predominately occurred during the late spawning season, while minimum survival rates could be expected from January to March. The spatial analysis of different spawning areas revealed highest survival chances in the Kattegat, intermediate survival in the Great Belt, and only low survival in the Sound, Kiel Bay and Mecklenburg Bay.
Development and Evaluation of Two Pecan Scab Prediction Models
Authors: Payne A. F. , Smith D. L. 
Published: August 2012

Fusicladium effusum (syn. Cladosporium caryigenum), causal agent of pecan scab, is the most economically important pathogen of pecan (Carya illinoinensis). A weather-based advisory is currently used in Oklahoma to assess the need for fungicide application and requires the accumulation of scab hours. A scab hour is defined as an hour with average temperature ≥21.1°C and relative humidity ≥90%. To assess the validity of the thresholds in the advisory, repeated ratings of disease severity were taken on fruit at five locations during the 1994–96 and 2009–10 growing seasons, resulting in a total of eight site years. Hourly weather variables were also examined, including temperature, relative humidity, dew point, dew point depression, total solar radiation, and total rainfall. Rain and disease severity were converted to binomial variables where a rain event (≥2.5 mm) and disease severity (≥25%) were coded as 1 and all other events as 0. Logistic regression models adjusted for correlated data were developed using generalized estimating equations. Two models were developed: a temperature/relative humidity model and a dew point/dew point depression model. For the temperature/relative humidity model, the best fitting model included all main effects. Using this model, validation exercises assuming no rain and total solar radiation of 22.5 MJ m–2 resulted in a 0.45 probability of pecan scab development when the temperature was 21°C and relative humidity was 90%. Findings of this model were further validated during field studies that evaluated different combinations of temperature and relative humidity thresholds for scheduling fungicide applications. These analyses indicated that the current thresholds of temperature and relative humidity are viable, but a modification of the relative humidity component should be considered. For the dew point/dew point depression model, a reduced model, including dew point, dew point depression, and the binomial rain variable, was considered adequate for explaining scab events, which suggests that future model building to describe pecan scab epidemics should include dew point, dew point depression, rain, and total solar radiation as independent variables. This article originally appeared in the January issue, Volume 96, pages 117-123. It was changed to correct errors in a measurement conversion that appeared throughout.
Long‐term oral mesalazine adherence and the risk of disease flare in ulcerative colitis: nationwide 10‐year retrospective cohort from the veterans affairs healthcare system
Authors: Khan N. , Abbas A. M. , Bazzano L. A. , Koleva Y. N. , Krousel‐Wood M. 
Published: August 2012

SummaryBackgroundAdherence is a major factor in determining disease activity in ulcerative colitis (UC). There are limited data on long‐term nationwide adherence levels among patients with UC.AimTo evaluate the long‐term adherence levels to oral mesalazine (mesalamine) in the Veterans Affairs (VA) healthcare system, to determine the impact of non‐adherence on the risk of flares, and to evaluate the different pharmacy data‐based adherence indicators.MethodsNationwide data were obtained from the VA for the period 2001–2011. UC patients who started mesalazine maintenance during the inclusion period were included. Level of adherence was assessed using three different indicators: medication possession ratio (MPR), continuous single‐interval medication availability (CSA) and continuous multiple‐interval medication gaps (CMG). Cox regression modelling was used to predict disease flares and assess the predictive value of each adherence indicator.ResultsWe included 13 062 patients into the analysis with median follow‐up time of 6.1 years. Percentage of patients with high adherence was 47%, 43%, 31% as identified by CSA, MPR and CMG respectively. Low adherers had a significant increase in the risk of flares compared with high adherers (Hazard ratio: 2.8, 1.7 and 1.8, P < 0.001 for CSA, MPR and CMG, respectively). Compared with other adherence indicators, CSA offered the best trend in predicting disease flares.ConclusionsLong‐term high‐adherence level was lower than previously reported. Adherence was a significant factor in predicting disease flares. Pharmacy adherence indicators may be useful to healthcare providers in identifying patients at high risk of exacerbations.
Stem cell transplantation for paediatric patients with non‐anaplastic peripheral T‐cell lymphoma in Japan
Authors: Kobayashi Ryoji , Fujita Naoto , Mitsui Tetsuo , Iwasaki Fuminori , Suzumiya Junji , Kuroda Hiroshi , Nishimura Ryosei , Sasahara Youji , Takeshita Yasushi , Kato Keisuke , Okumura Hirokazu , Sakamaki Hisashi , Yabe Hiromasa , Kawa Keisei , Kato Koji , Suzuki Ritsuro 
Published: August 2012

SummaryReports of non‐anaplastic peripheral T‐cell lymphoma (PTCL) in paediatric patients, especially results of stem cell transplantation (SCT), are relatively rare. We herein report the results of SCT using the Transplant Registry Unified Management Program system of the Japanese Society of Stem Cell Transplantation in paediatric patients with non‐anaplastic PTCL. We analysed 26 patients (13 females and 13 males) aged ≤18 years with non‐anaplastic PTCL who underwent a total of 28 SCT. Median age at transplantation was 13·5 years (range: 0–18 years). PTCL not otherwise specified was diagnosed in 17 patients; extranodal Natural Killer (NK)/T cell lymphoma, nasal type in nine; and subcutaneous panniculitis‐like T‐cell lymphoma in two. Transplantation was with syngeneic donor in one, related donor in 10; unrelated donor in 10; and auto transplantation in 7. Five‐year overall survival rate and event‐free survival rate was 62·96% and 55·56%, respectively. Male gender, chronic graft‐versus‐host disease (GVHD), and reduced intensity conditioning were good prognostic factors in all patients. In 20 patients with refractory or relapsed disease, male gender and chronic GVHD were also good prognostic factors. This study is the first report concerning transplantation in children with non‐anaplastic PTCL, although the number of patients was small. Larger studies are needed to confirm these findings.
Primary pseudomyogenic haemangioendothelioma of bone
Authors: Sheng W Q , Wang J 
Published: August 2012

Sheng W Q & Wang J  (2012) Histopathology Primary pseudomyogenic haemangioendothelioma of boneAims:  Pseudomyogenic haemangioendothelioma is a recently described vascular neoplasm that occurs most commonly in the soft tissue of distal extremities of young adults. Occurrence outside the somatic soft tissue has not been described thus far. We present here a unique case of pseudomyogenic haemangioendothelioma that arose in the long tubular bones of the lower extremity.Methods and results:  The initial open biopsy was interpreted as a fibrous histiocytoma. However, the curettage specimen showed prominent epithelioid cytomorphology with a striking rhabdomyoblast‐like appearance. By immunohistochemistry, the linear membranous staining of CD31 was highly suggestive of endothelial differentiation of the tumour cells.Conclusions:  To the best of our knowledge, this case represents the first example of primary pseudomyogenic haemangioendothelioma of bone. Clinical and pathological correlation with application of immunohistochemistry is mandatory in establishing the correct diagnosis and excluding tumours with overlapping features.
Participation of haemocytes in fat body degradation via cathepsin L expression
Authors: Zhai X. , Zhao X‐F. 
Published: August 2012

AbstractInsect haemocytes are known to participate in innate immunity via the phagocytosis of pathogens. However, the function of haemocytes in tissue remodelling is less understood. We report here that haemocytes play roles in fat body degradation by expressing a cysteine proteinase cathepsin L in the lepidopteran Helicoverpa armigera. During metamorphosis, haemocytes undergo morphological changes by increasing their cell size and transforming their granulocytes into macrogranulocytes. The population of haemocytes also changes with increased number of granulocytes and decreased plasmatocytes. The expression level of cathepsin L in haemocytes, mainly in granulocytes and plasmatocytes, increases. The steroid hormone 20‐hydroxyecdysone is able to promote the transformation of granulocytes into macrogranulocytes, and up‐regulate the expression level of cathepsin L. The knock‐down of the cathepsin L gene by RNA interference in haemocytes in vitro results in deficient granulocytes transforming into macrogranulocytes. Haemocytes are able to enter the decomposed fat body during metamorphosis. The over‐expression of the proteinase domain C1A of cathepsin L results in cell apoptosis. Haemocytes, especially macrogranulocytes, undergo apoptosis and cathepsin L is released into haemolymph and the fat body during metamorphosis for fat body decomposition and degradation. These results suggest that cathepsin L is related to the transformation of granulocytes to macrogranulocytes to enter the fat body, and induce haemocyte apoptosis for further tissue degradation.
Improving the accuracy of a fluid transport method
Authors: Özok A. R. , Verhaagen B. , Wesselink P. R. 
Published: August 2012

AbstractAimTo compare the sealing ability of the same root fillings when measured by a conventional fluid transport method that uses water or by a modified fluid transport method that uses a wetting fluid as tracer.MethodologyThe amount of fluid transport along the same root fillings (AH26, cold lateral compaction of gutta‐percha) was measured in a cross‐over design in fluid transport set‐ups using either water or a wetting fluid as tracer.ResultsA Wilcoxon signed‐rank test revealed a significant difference in the amount of fluid transport measured along the same root fillings by the two fluid transport methods (P = 0.013). The fluid transport method using wetting fluid detected a significantly higher percentage of root fillings with fluid transport (P = 0.021).ConclusionsFluid transport using a wetting fluid as a tracer was more sensitive in the assessment of sealing ability of root fillings than the conventional fluid transport method using water.
Family caregiver perspectives on social relations of elderly residents with dementia in small‐scale versus traditional long‐term care settings in the Netherlands and Belgium
Authors: de Rooij Alida HPM , Luijkx Katrien G , Spruytte Nele , Emmerink Peggy MJ , Schols Jos MGA , Declercq Anja G 
Published: August 2012

Aims and objectives.  To provide insight into family caregiver perspectives on social relations within the ‘caregiving triangle’ between family caregiver, professional caregiver and elderly resident with dementia. Results were compared between traditional versus small‐scale long‐term care settings in the Netherlands and Belgium.Background.  Residential dementia care is shifting towards a more holistic and person‐centred approach. Until now, little is known about family caregiver perspectives.Design.  A quasi‐experimental longitudinal design.Methods.  This study was part of a larger research project focusing on the quality of life of residents with dementia in traditional and small‐scale settings (n = 179). This study focused on family caregivers related to these residents (n = 64). They filled in a questionnaire containing 25 items (baseline and after 12 months) related to their perspectives on the interaction within the ‘caregiving triangle’. Analyses were performed using mixed models and logistic regression.Results.  Compared to traditional settings, family caregivers of relatives with dementia living in small‐scale settings had more contact with the professional caregivers, were more satisfied with this contact and felt that staff paid more attention to their feelings as family members. They also reported that staff showed better listening skills towards the residents. Furthermore, compared to those in Belgium, family caregivers in the Netherlands perceived staff to be less hurried and more accepting of help from family and felt that staff more often takes the resident seriously.Conclusion.  In the move towards more person‐centred care for residents with dementia, this study finds preliminary evidence for the importance of integrating the family perspective.Relevance to clinical practice.  Gaining more insight into the perspectives of family caregivers on the social relations within the ‘caregiving triangle’ may provide knowledge about the importance of the social system surrounding elderly residents with dementia and can provide pointers for future research.
Implementation of an inpatient smoking cessation programme in a Veterans Affairs facility
Authors: Vick Lowryanne , Duffy Sonia A , Ewing Lee A , Rugen Kathryn , Zak Connie 
Published: August 2012

Aims and objectives.  To test the transportability and implementation of the Tobacco Tactics intervention using the Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation and Maintenance framework, for inpatient units at the Jesse Brown Veterans Affairs Medical Center.Background.  Smoking rates are high among veterans. While the Department of Veterans Affairs has standardised outpatient cessation clinics, inpatient cessation services, known to be efficacious, are only sporadically provided.Design.  This was a phase 4, pre and postimplementation study of the Tobacco Tactics intervention.Methods.  A unique convenience sample of inpatient veteran smokers was recruited both before (n = 54) and after (n = 50) implementation of the Tobacco Tactics programme. Participants completed baseline and 30‐day follow‐up surveys along with urine cotinine test kits. In addition, staff completed anonymous surveys during the preintervention period (n = 158) and two months after (n = 81) the Tobacco Tactics training. Bivariate analyses compared preintervention vs. postintervention patient and staff characteristics using Chi‐square, Fisher’s Exact or Student’s t‐test. p‐values <0·05 were considered significant.Results.  Patient‐reported receipt of services and satisfaction was 10% higher in the postintervention compared to the preintervention group. Quit rates were 3% higher in the postintervention than in the preintervention group. The mean number of cigarettes smoked per day increased from 13 to 15 in the preintervention group, while the mean number of cigarettes smoked per day decreased from 14 to 9 in the postintervention group. Staff’s confidence in their ability to provide cessation services improved greatly posttraining (p = 0·0017) as did self‐reported delivery of cessation services (p = 0·0154).Conclusions.  With as little as one‐hour training for nurses, the Tobacco Tactics intervention has the potential to be widely disseminated in the Department of Veterans Affairs.Relevance to clinical practice.  The implementation of inpatient smoking interventions has the potential to improve quit rates and decrease morbidity and mortality in the Department of Veterans Affairs.
Fine‐scale genetic population structure in a mobile marine mammal: inshore bottlenose dolphins in Moreton Bay, Australia
Authors: Ansmann Ina C. , Parra Guido J. , Lanyon Janet M. , Seddon Jennifer M. 
Published: August 2012

AbstractHighly mobile marine species in areas with no obvious geographic barriers are expected to show low levels of genetic differentiation. However, small‐scale variation in habitat may lead to resource polymorphisms and drive local differentiation by adaptive divergence. Using nuclear microsatellite genotyping at 20 loci, and mitochondrial control region sequencing, we investigated fine‐scale population structuring of inshore bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops aduncus) inhabiting a range of habitats in and around Moreton Bay, Australia. Bayesian structure analysis identified two genetic clusters within Moreton Bay, with evidence of admixture between them (FST = 0.05, P = 0.001). There was only weak isolation by distance but one cluster of dolphins was more likely to be found in shallow southern areas and the other in the deeper waters of the central northern bay. In further analysis removing admixed individuals, southern dolphins appeared genetically restricted with lower levels of variation (AR = 3.252, π = 0.003) and high mean relatedness (r = 0.239) between individuals. In contrast, northern dolphins were more diverse (AR = 4.850, π = 0.009) and were mixing with a group of dolphins outside the bay (microsatellite‐based STRUCTURE analysis), which appears to have historically been distinct from the bay dolphins (mtDNA ΦST = 0.272, P < 0.001). This study demonstrates the ability of genetic techniques to expose fine‐scale patterns of population structure and explore their origins and mechanisms. A complex variety of inter‐related factors including local habitat variation, differential resource use, social behaviour and learning, and anthropogenic disturbances are likely to have played a role in driving fine‐scale population structure among bottlenose dolphins in Moreton Bay.
Patterns of fungal communities among and within decaying logs, revealed by 454 sequencing
Authors: Kubartová A. , Ottosson E. , Dahlberg A. , Stenlid J. 
Published: August 2012

AbstractOwing to previous methodological limitations, knowledge about the fine‐scale distribution of fungal mycelia in decaying logs is limited. We investigated fungal communities in decaying Norway spruce logs at various spatial scales at two environmentally different locations in Sweden. On the basis of 454 pyrosequencing of the ITS2 region of rDNA, 1914 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were detected in 353 samples. The communities differed significantly among logs, but the physical distance between logs was not found to have a significant effect on whether fungal communities had any resemblance to each other. Within a log, samples that were closer together generally had communities that showed more resemblance to each other than those that were further apart. OTUs characteristic for particular positions on the logs could be identified. In general, these OTUs did not overlap with the most abundant OTUs, and their ecological role was often unknown. Only a few OTUs were detected in the majority of logs, whereas numerous OTUs were rare and present in only one or a few logs. Wood‐decaying Basidiomycetes were often represented by higher sequence reads in individual logs than Ascomycete OTUs, suggesting that Basidiomycete mycelia spread out more rapidly when established. OTU richness tended to increase with the decay stage of the sample; however, the known wood decayers were most abundant in less‐decomposed samples. The fungi identified in the logs represented different ecological strategies. Our findings differ from previously published sporocarp studies, indicating that the highly abundant fruiting species may respond to environment in different ways than the rest of the fungal community.
Overexpression of the Aspergillus nidulans histone 4 acetyltransferase EsaA increases activation of secondary metabolite production
Authors: Soukup Alexandra A. , Chiang Yi‐Ming , Bok Jin Woo , Reyes‐Dominguez Yazmid , Oakley Berl R. , Wang Clay C. C. , Strauss Joseph , Keller Nancy P. 
Published: August 2012

SummaryRegulation of secondary metabolite (SM) gene clusters in Aspergillus nidulans has been shown to occur through cluster‐specific transcription factors or through global regulators of chromatin structure such as histone methyltransferases, histone deacetylases, or the putative methyltransferase LaeA. A multicopy suppressor screen for genes capable of returning SM production to the SM deficient ΔlaeA mutant resulted in identification of the essential histone acetyltransferase EsaA, able to complement an esa1 deletion in Saccharomyces cereviseae. Here we report that EsaA plays a novel role in SM cluster activation through histone 4 lysine 12 (H4K12) acetylation in four examined SM gene clusters (sterigmatocystin, penicillin, terrequinone and orsellinic acid), in contrast to no increase in H4K12 acetylation of the housekeeping tubA promoter. This augmented SM cluster acetylation requires LaeA for full effect and correlates with both increased transcript levels and metabolite production relative to wild type. H4K12 levels may thus represent a unique indicator of relative production potential, notably of SMs.