bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dynamical model and analysis of cascading failures on the complex power grids
Authors: Ding Lijie , Cao Yijia , Wang Guangzeng , Liu Meijun 
Published: July 2011

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to study the failures spread in complex power grids, and what topology of power grids is best for preventing or reducing blackouts.Design/methodology/approachBased on the study of cascading failure models of complex power networks, an extended dynamical cascading failure model is proposed. Based on this model, two representatives of the complex power grids, the small‐world network and the scale‐free network, were simulated for line cascading failure. The power loss caused by cascading failures and the spreading speed of cascading failure are discussed.FindingsPower loss caused by cascading failures in the small‐world network is much larger than that in the scale‐free network, and the speed of cascading failure propagation in the small‐world network is much faster than that in the scale‐free network.Research limitations/implicationsThe establishment of the dynamical cascading failure model considering other protection devices needs further study.Practical implicationsThe results of this study can be beneficial in system planning and upgrading.Originality/valueAn extended dynamical cascading failure model is proposed and cascading failures in different topology of power grid are discussed.
Broad‐spectrum analysis and pansystems methodology
Authors: Chuan‐bin Duan , Peng Chen 
Published: July 2011

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to study the relationship of broad‐spectrum analysis and pansystems methodology from the fundamental questions of the study of broad‐spectrum analysis.Design/methodology/approachBy means of structure analysis and comparison method, the paper gives an introduction to the inner features and connections of broad‐spectrum analysis and pansystems methodology, respectively.FindingsThe opinion that pansystems methodology applies in the two features of broad‐spectrum analysis is put forward, and three aspects in the application of broad‐spectrum analysis in pansystems methodology are analyzed.Research limitations/implicationsThe details of the structural models in this paper have to be worked out.Practical implicationsThe paper contributes to understanding the features of broad‐spectrum analysis and pansystems methodology.Originality/valueThe paper reveals the original relationship between broad‐spectrum analysis and pansystems methodology, which embodies the value of pansystems methodology to broad‐spectrum analysis.
Pricing decisions for reverse supply chains
Authors: Qiaolun Gu , Jianhua Ji , Tiegang Gao 
Published: July 2011

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to present the collecting price decisions of used products in reverse supply chains based on the following cases: manufacturer for collecting and processing, third party for collecting and manufacturer for processing, retailer for collecting and manufacture for processing, and third party for collecting and processing.Design/methodology/approachThe paper considers a recycling channel whereby a manufacturer collects and processes the used products or delegates collecting (or processing) to the retailer or a third party; characterizes the steps of processing a returned used product; gives a collection function of used products which is an increasing function of the collecting price, since the quantity of returned used products is affected by the end customer's willingness and the end customer's willingness is affected by the collecting price. The optimal results were obtained by game theory.FindingsBy investigating the pricing decisions for different cases, the manufacturer prefers to collect the used products rather than delegate to others if manufacturer for processing, and a third party joining the reverse supply chains hopes to collaborate more deeply, not only collecting but also processing the used products.Research limitations/implicationsThe main implication is that the reusing ratio of the returned used products and the remanufacturing ratio of the key parts have impacts on the optimal pricing decisions of reverse supply chains.Practical implicationsThe paper describes a very useful method for managers to make collecting price decisions for reverse supply chains.Originality/valueThe paper provides the optimal results of collecting price decisions. The paper contributes to the reverse supply chains researches and managers who are responsible for the reverse supply chains.
Criteria for omnibearing imbalance of macroeconomic system structures and their strategic optimization
Authors: Tao Lixin , Guo Yingfan , Du Weiwei 
Published: July 2011

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to propose and demonstrate criteria for omnibearing imbalance of macroeconomic system structure (regions, industries, urban and rural areas, departments, ownership, etc.) and their strategic optimization, for structural optimization of the global regional macroeconomic system, providing universal application of the formula for calculating, and quantitative basis.Design/methodology/approachRelevant statistical data will compare receipts (GBC) model calculation to quantitatively determine structural imbalance and the formation of structural optimization and direction and intensity of the strategic program.FindingsContemporary system science believes that all things take the form of systems, and that the output function depends on the internal structure of systems. Therefore, the system structure must be judged by the output benefit. Although the output benefit of a society's macroeconomic system is enslaved to the system's external environment (the peripheral environment, international economy, or even global economy), the state of the system's internal structure directly determines its output benefit. In reverse, the output benefit of the macroeconomic system is also the reference to evaluate its internal structure.Research limitations/implicationsResearch on the macroeconomic system structural imbalances and optimization with universal applicability.Originality/valueThe paper is of great significance with regard to the theory, methodology, and practice for structural optimization of the global regional macroeconomic system.
Optimal multiperiod scheduling of multiproduct batch plants under demand uncertainty
Authors: Zhu Jin , Gu Xingsheng , Gu Wei 
Published: July 2011

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to set up a two‐stage stochastic integer‐programming model (TSM) for the multiperiod scheduling of multiproduct batch plants under demand uncertainty involving the constraints of material balances and inventory constraints, as well as the penalty for production shortfalls and excess.Design/methodology/approachScheduling model is formulated as a discrete‐time State Task Network. Given a scheduling horizon consisting of several time‐periods in which product demands are placed, the objective is to select a schedule that maximizes the expected profit for a single and multiple product with a given probability level. The stochastic elements of the model are expressed with equivalent deterministic optimization models.FindingsThe TSM model not only allows for uncertain product demand correlations, but also gives different processing modes by a range of batch sizes and a task‐dependent processing time. The experimental results show that the TSM model is more appropriate than another model for multiperiod scheduling of multiproduct batch plants under correlated uncertain demand.Research limitations/implicationsThe choice of penalty parameter of demand uncertainty is the main limitation.Practical implicationsThe paper provides very useful advice for multiperiod scheduling of multiproduct batch plants under demand uncertainty.Originality/valueA stochastic model for the multiperiod scheduling of multiproduct batch plants under demand uncertainty was set up. A test problem involving 12 correlated uncertain product demands and two alternative models verified the availability of the TSM.
Edge detection for highly distorted images suffering Gaussian noise based on improve Canny algorithm
Authors: Kuang Tai , Zhu Qing‐Xin , Sun Yue 
Published: July 2011

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to detect edge of image in high noise level, suffering Gaussian noise.Design/methodology/approachCanny edge detection algorithm performs poorly when applied to highly distorted images suffering from Gaussian noise. In Canny algorithm, 2D‐gaussian function is used to remove noise and preserve edge. In high noise level, 2D‐gaussian function cannot meet the needs. In this paper, an improving Canny edge detection algorithm is presented. The algorithm presented is based on local linear kernel smoothing, in which local neighborhoods are adapted to the local smoothness of the surface measured by the observed data. The procedure can therefore remove noise correctly in continuity regions of the surface, and preserve discontinuities at the same time.FindingsThe statistical model of removing noise and preserving edge can meet the need of edge detection in images highly corrupted by Gaussian noise.Research limitations/implicationsIt was found that when the noise ratio is higher than 40 percent, the edge detection algorithm performs poorly.Practical implicationsA very useful method for detecting highly distorted images suffering Gaussian noise.Originality/valueSince an image can be regarded as a surface of the image intensity function and such a surface has discontinuities at the outlines of objects, this algorithm can be applied directly to detect edge of image in high noise level.
The e‐derivative of Boolean functions and its application in the fault detection and cryptographic system
Authors: Li Weiwei , Wang Zhuo , Huang Jinglian 
Published: July 2011

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to show that the e‐derivative is of great significance when revealing cryptographic characteristics of Boolean functions and assurance of the safety of the cryptographic system.Design/methodology/approachA new definition is introduced in this paper.FindingsAfter introducing the e‐derivative, the authors obtain some relevant cryptographic properties and theorems which can fully reveal the relationships between characteristics and structures of Boolean functions. In logic circuit fields, the authors conduct the test to all the signals with numerical value 1 in the transmission line using the e‐derivative, which improves the ability of the test. In addition, when there is no expression of the transmission line the authors will obtain it through the vector, and then do troubleshooting.Research limitations/implicationsLogic circuit is the main limitation in the fault detection.Practical implicationsA very useful method for assurance of the safety of cryptographic systems.Originality/valueThis paper is the first time, in cryptology fields, that the e‐derivative of Boolean functions as a new definition is introduced to fully reveal the relationships between characteristics and structures of Boolean functions. In addition, they can also be applied to the locating test of the breakdown, which improves the ability of the test.
A novel real‐time aggregation method on network security events
Authors: Li Zhitang , Ma Yangming , Wang Li , Lei Jie , Ma Jie 
Published: July 2011

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to show how to ensure a real‐time precise aggregation processing of network security events without difficultly determined parameters.Design/methodology/approachThe aggregation method includes the choice of aggregation granularity, consistency of abstraction layer, the expression of all hyper security events (HSEs) of a node in cache, and aggregation algorithm based on classification, etc.FindingsThe aggregation method is capable to provide a real‐time way for good HSEs for next correlation processing with weak and easy parameters to determine.Research limitations/implicationsThe cost of space is not discussed in the method.Practical implicationsThe aggregation method is suitable for real‐time management of difficult issues to resolve massive security events.Originality/valueMany ideas and concepts of the paper are proposed for the first time, such as the expression of all HSEs of a node in cache, weak queue length instead of the weak‐time window and so on.
Recent developments in the digital approach of symbolic dynamics
Authors: Karamanos Kostas , Gkiolmas Aristotelis , Skordoulis Constantine 
Published: July 2011

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explore new mathematical results to advance the understanding of the picture of a chaotic unimodal map.Design/methodology/approachEver since Poicare, deterministic chaos is ultimately connected with exponential divergence of nearby trajectories, unpredictability and erratic behaviour. Here, the authors propose an alternative approach in terms of complexity theory and transcendence.FindingsIn this paper, the authors were able to reproduce previous results easily, due to new theorems.Originality/valueThe paper updates previous results and proposes a more complete understanding of the phenomenon of deterministic chaos, also making possible connections with number theory, combinatorics and possibly quantum mechanics, as in quantum mechanics there does not exist the notion on nearby trajectories.
ASC conference, CYBCOM discussion
Authors: Andrew Alex M. 
Published: July 2011

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to review online records of the conference of the American Society for Cybernetics (ASC) in the summer of 2010. Also reviewed is a burst of activity on the Cybernetics Discussion Group (CYBCOM) list associated with the ASC, during October and November 2010. The discussion continues at the time of writing.Design/methodology/approachThe aim is to review developments on the internet, especially those of general cybernetic interest.FindingsThe records of the ASC conference convey its flavour and atmosphere but are obviously no substitute for participation. The burst of activity in the CYBCOM list began with reference to a derogatory commentary on the political significance of cybernetics. The implications of this were rapidly dismissed, but with the invoking of basic principles, particularly that of “recursive distinctioning”, which prompted very much further discussion. Current discussion is of the meaning to be attached to “recursion”.Practical implicationsCybernetics is absolved from being a tool of capitalist oppression. The careful consideration given to various basic concepts in the CYBCOM discussion clarifies a variety of issues.Originality/valueIt is hoped this is a valuable periodic review.
Integrating text messaging into reference services
Authors: Frantz Paul , Tucker‐Raymond Caleb 
Published: July 2011

PurposeA recent thread in the DIG_REF listserv addressed the integration of text messaging into mainstream reference service. The purpose of this paper is to expand upon that discussion, pointing out the predominant software used by libraries to handle text message reference questions and the volume of reference traffic generated by text messaging queries.Design/methodology/approachThe paper also addresses the ramifications on staffing of the added traffic in text messaging and how libraries might market text messaging reference services to their patrons.FindingsThe paper further discusses the unique nature of text messaging queries and how this affects the reference interview.Originality/valueThe paper is intended for the reference services manager looking to incorporate text messaging into a library's repertoire of reference services.
Emergence of open educational resources (OER) in India and its impact on lifelong learning
Authors: Das Anup Kumar 
Published: July 2011

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to critically examine the evolution of open educational resources OER initiatives in India – how OER movement emerges from the open access movement in the backdrop of an emerging knowledge‐based economy. This paper also illustrates how OER help in democratizing lifelong learning spaces that eventually help in skills development.Design/methodology/approachThis paper primarily uses baseline surveys and recommendations of different working groups of Indian National Knowledge Commission. Relevant policy instruments of the Ministry of Human Resources Development, UNESCO, International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions and other national and international bodies are also critically examined to understand India's stand on OER in comparison with other promising developing countries. This paper analyses impact of OER on Indian systems of education, ranging from lifelong learning, technical and vocational education and training to higher education systems. This paper also illustrates various models of innovations which are shaping up multi‐dimensional lifelong learning pathways to cater to career aspirations of young Indians.FindingsThis paper finds out that Indian OER initiatives make use of textual platforms as well as audio‐visual platforms embracing YouTube, Metacafe and other web‐based streaming video channels. This paper also illustrates the collaboration patterns in OER initiatives in order to attain sustainability, optimum usage and integration with formal curriculum of skills development programmes.Research limitations/implicationsAlthough this paper identifies external as well as internal factors that are shaping up OER movement in this emerging knowledge economy, this paper mainly focuses on country‐level initiatives. The challenges faced at the institutional level as well as users level can be traced through advanced research studies.Practical implicationsThis paper suggests some sustainable models for OER deployment, lessons learned and challenges faced by practitioners and users communities.Social implicationsOER development has become a social movement. Proper deployment and utilization of OER resources will lead to social empowerment of young adults. This paper helps in understanding how Indian society embraces OER in order to attain social justice and empowerment through sustainable educational development.Originality/valueThis paper is a unique attempt to produce a state‐of‐the‐art report on the emergence of the OER movement in a transitional emerging economy.
Post‐satisfaction factors affecting the long‐term orientation of supply relationships
Authors: Cambra‐Fierro Jesús J. , Polo‐Redondo Yolanda 
Published: July 2011

PurposeThis article seeks to analyze the concept of the long‐term orientation of relationships in the supply chain (SC). This research aims to study interactions between satisfaction and commitment with the relational perspective of firm‐supplier relationships.Design/methodology/approachThe establishment of a “post‐satisfaction” framework is necessary. A model based on structural equations is used to test the set of hypotheses.FindingsThe findings show that cooperation, communication, satisfaction, proved trust and commitment explain the long‐term orientation of the relationships in the SC.Research limitations/implicationsThis research only considers the buyer's perspective. The article considers some implications relating to different profiles of trust.Practical implicationsThe article includes several implications about how to communicate with customers and suppliers, how to cooperate with customers and suppliers, why buyers trust suppliers, how buyers perceive satisfaction, and how buyers commit to suppliers.Originality/valueThis research, based on its “post‐satisfaction” approach, aims to complete the framework proposed by Cambra and Polo. Ideas related to the evolution of trust (“previous” vs “proved” trust) are discussed.
An analysis of franchisor failure risk: evidence from Spain
Authors: Bordonaba‐Juste Victoria , Lucia‐Palacios Laura , Polo‐Redondo Yolanda 
Published: July 2011

PurposeResearch on franchise system survival has focused on analyzing organizational failure. However, there are two types of market exit: organizational failure and franchise discontinuance, but little research has distinguished between the two. The purpose of this study is to examine whether different factors explain these types of exit. Apart from the common factors included in previous research (age, size, upfront fee, royalty rate and ownership structure), this paper aims to add system growth and its interaction with age and size.Design/methodology/approachThe paper uses data about franchise systems in Spain from 1986 to 2004 from the catering and fashion sectors and applies the Cox survival model to test the hypotheses.FindingsThe paper finds that system growth rates and system size only influence franchise discontinuance. Both the youngest and the oldest firms show the lowest risk of discontinuing franchising. The results are similar to those found in previous research that uses the two types of market exit as synonymous.Research limitations/implicationsThe article findings suggest that it is important to define franchise survival.Practical implicationsThis research identifies what franchisors can do to continue in the market. An important result is that young and small franchisors should grow at a moderate rate. They should learn first how to manage a few units before becoming a large network.Originality/valueThis research examines the differences between two types of market exit (organizational failure and franchise discontinuance) and their drivers from the franchisor's perspective. This research contributes to the franchising literature by analyzing the effect of growth on survival. Additionally, the moderating effect of size and age on growth on the two types of market exits is included.
Inter‐firm relations in SME clusters and the link to marketing performance
Authors: Lamprinopoulou Chrysoula , Tregear Angela 
Published: July 2011

PurposeNetworks are increasingly recognised as being important to successful marketing amongst small and medium‐sized enterprises (SMEs). The purpose of this study is to investigate the structure and content of network relations amongst SME clusters, and explore the link to marketing performance.Design/methodology/approachFollowing a review of the literature on SME networks and marketing performance, case study analysis is performed on four SME clusters in the Greek agrifood sector.FindingsAnalysis finds that the configuration of horizontal relationships between producer SMEs has little bearing on marketing performance, unless also accompanied by strong vertical connections between key members of the SME cluster and other actors in the supply chain. The disposition of these key members towards information‐seeking and contact building outside their SME clusters is also identified as important.Practical implicationsTo improve marketing performance, leaders in SME clusters should focus on building strong vertical relationships in the supply chain, and encourage knowledge gathering from external market contacts.Originality/valueUnlike many studies of SMEs, networks and marketing performance, this research investigates the networking phenomenon at the level of whole SME clusters, rather than at the level of individual SME owner‐managers.