bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Stroop matching task presents conflict at both the response and nonresponse levels: An event‐related potential and electromyography study
Authors: Caldas A. L. , Machado‐Pinheiro W. , Souza L. B. , Motta‐Ribeiro G. C. , David I. A. 
Published: June 2012

AbstractIn the Stroop matching task, a Stroop word is compared to a colored bar. The origin of the conflict presented by this task is a topic of current debate. In an effort to disentangle nonresponse and response conflicts, we recorded electromyography (EMG) and event‐related potentials (ERPs) while participants performed the task. The N450 component was sensitive to the relationship of color surfaces, regardless of the response, suggesting the participation of nonresponse conflict. Incompatible arrays (e.g., incongruent Stroop stimuli during “same” responses) presented a substantial amount of double EMG activation and slower EMG latencies, suggesting the participation of response conflict. We propose that both response and nonresponse conflicts are sources of these effects. The combined use of the EMG and ERP techniques played an important role in elucidating the conflicts immersed in the Stroop matching task.
VFEND® (voriconazole)‐associated hypoglycaemia without identified drug interaction
Authors: Lyoen Marion , Rostain Florian , Grimault Aurélie , Minello Anne , Sgro Catherine 
Published: June 2012

AbstractTo report the first case of severe hypoglycaemia episodes related to voriconazole, involving neither over dosage nor any identified interaction with hypoglycaemic drugs. A 51‐year‐old man developed faints without loss of consciousness, with sweating in the morning for 3–4 days and low blood glucose, about 1 month after initiating voriconazole therapy. Hypoglycaemia was diagnosed and the patient required permanent intravenous glucose solutions for 8 days after voriconazole was stopped, after which glycaemia remained normal. A hyperinsulinaemia peak was observed, which disappeared when glycaemia normalized. Hypoglycaemia is known as a less common adverse event resulting from high voriconazole concentration and hepatic dysfunction. The mechanism of hypoglycaemia may be linked to insulinemia as its serum values are similar to glycaemia. Voriconazole may induce hypoglycaemia in patients without over dosage nor drug interaction.
Effects of exercise prescription on daily physical activity and maximal exercise capacity in coronary artery disease patients with and without type 2 diabetes
Authors: Karjalainen Jaana J. , Kiviniemi Antti M. , Hautala Arto J. , Niva Jarkko , Lepojärvi Samuli , Mäkikallio Timo H. , Piira Olli‐Pekka , Huikuri Heikki V. , Tulppo Mikko P. 
Published: June 2012

SummaryBackgroundPromotion of and adherence to increased physical activity (PA) is an important part of the prevention and treatment of coronary artery disease (CAD). We hypothesized that individually tailored home‐based exercise prescriptions will increase long‐term PA and maximal exercise capacity among CAD patients without and with type 2 diabetes (CAD+T2D).MethodsPhysical activity of patients with CAD (n = 44) and CAD+T2D (n = 39), matched by age, sex and ejection fraction, was measured over 5 days with an accelerometer pre‐ and postexercise prescription. PA was assessed as the average time per day of moderate (METs = 2–5) and high (METs > 5) intensities. Six‐month exercise prescriptions were introduced based on individual maximal heart rate reserve.ResultsAt the baseline, patients with CAD+T2D engaged in less moderate‐intensity PA (2:40 ± 1:23 versus 3:24 ± 1:17 h, P = 0·014) and exhibited a non‐significant trend to reduced high‐intensity PA (2:08 ± 2:57 versus 5:02 ± 9:19 min, P = 0·091) compared with patients with CAD. High‐intensity PA increased markedly in CAD (5:02 ± 9:19 versus 9:59 ± 15:03 min) and patients with CAD+T2D (2:08 ± 2:57 versus 6:14 ± 10:18 min) after exercise prescription (main effect for time P = 0·001). Also maximal exercise capacity increased in both groups (main effect for time P<0·001).ConclusionPatients with CAD with T2D are physically less active than CAD patients without diabetes in their daily life. Individually tailored home‐based exercise prescriptions are an effective way to promote more active lifestyles and improve fitness in both patient groups.
Evaluation of the cellulite using a thermal infra‐red camera
Authors: Nkengne A. , Papillon A. , Bertin C. 
Published: June 2012

BackgroundCellulite is usually related to alterations of the microcirculation. Measuring the skin temperature is a mean to assess the skin microvascular plexus.ObjectivesA three‐step clinical study was performed in order to develop and to validate the use of an infrared thermal camera for measuring cellulite severity.MethodsThermal images of the thigh were recorded and processed to quantify the thermal homogeneity. The proposed protocol was then validated in three steps. Firstly, the parameters which could influence the skin temperature were identified throw a design of experiment. Secondly, the repeatability and reproducibility of the method was estimated (five subjects, four investigators and five experiments). Finally, thermal images and clinical grading of cellulite was performed on 39 women (21–68 years old), and the correlation between these methods was assessed.ResultsAll parameters describing the thermal homogeneity were found repeatable and reproducible. The strongest correlation between thermal results and the clinical assessment were observed for Sa (R = 0.53, P < 0.05), Sz (R = 0.53, P < 0.05), Sq (R = 0.54, P < 0.05) and the surface of hot pixels (R = 0.42, P < 0.05).ConclusionThese results show that the thermal camera imaging is a repeatable and reproducible method that can be used to assess the severity of cellulite.
Dispersion and Gelcasting of Zirconium Diboride through Aqueous Route
Authors: Yin Jie , Liu Xuejian , Zhang Hui , Yan Yongjie , Huang Zhengren , Yang Yong , Jiang Dongliang 
Published: June 2012

The dispersion of highly concentrated Zirconium diboride (ZrB2) suspension in aqueous media was investigated in terms of zeta potential and rheological measurements, with a salt of polyacrylate polymer (SD‐07) as dispersant. The adsorption behavior of SD‐07 on ZrB2 particle surface was also studied. Results showed that acid cleaning improved the fluidity of aqueous ZrB2 slurry. Concentrated (up to 50 vol%) and well‐stabilized suspension was obtained in the alkaline pH region, with 0.60 mg/m2 SD‐07. On this basis, 50 vol% ZrB2 gelcasting slurry was prepared. The linear shrinkage and flexural strength of as‐casted green body were (3.42 ± 0.13)% and (9.4 ± 0.3) MPa, respectively.
The effect of creatine supplementation on myocardial function, mitochondrial respiration and susceptibility to ischaemia/reperfusion injury in sedentary and exercised rats
Authors: Webster I. , Du Toit E. F. , Huisamen B. , Lochner A. 
Published: June 2012

AbstractAimTo investigate the effects of dietary creatine supplementation alone and in combination with exercise on basal cardiac function, susceptibility to ischaemia/reperfusion injury and mitochondrial oxidative function. There has been an increase in the use of creatine supplementation among sports enthusiasts, and by clinicians as a therapeutic agent in muscular and neurological diseases. The effects of creatine have been studied extensively in skeletal muscle, but not in the myocardium.MethodsMale Wistar rats were swim‐trained for 8 weeks, 5 days per week. Hearts were excised and either freeze‐clamped for biochemical analysis or perfused on the isolated heart perfusion system to assess function and ischaemia/reperfusion tolerance. Mechanical function was documented in working heart and retrograde mode. The left coronary artery was ligated and infarct size determined. Mitochondrial oxidative capacity was quantified.ResultsAortic output recovery of hearts from the sedentary controls (CSed) was significantly higher than those from creatine‐supplemented sedentary (CrSed), creatine‐supplemented exercised (CrEx) as well as control exercised (CEx) groups. Ischaemic contracture of hearts from CrEx was significantly higher than that of CSed. There were no differences in infarct size and mitochondrial oxygen consumption.ConclusionThis study suggests that creatine supplementation has no effects on basal cardiac function but reduces myocardial tolerance to ischaemia in hearts from exercise‐trained animals, by increasing the ischaemic contracture and decreasing reperfusion aortic output. Exercise training alone also significantly decreased aortic output recovery. However, the exact mechanisms for these adverse myocardial effects are unknown and need further investigation.
Sexual dysfunction and its determinants in Malaysian women with rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Shahar Mohammad A. , Hussein Heselynn , Sidi Hatta , Shah Shamsul A. , Mohamed Said Mohd S. 
Published: June 2012

AbstractAimTo determine the prevalence of sexual dysfunction (FSD) among women with rheumatoid arthritis attending the Rheumatology Clinic in Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre (UKMMC) and Hospital Putrajaya, Malaysia, and to determine its associations with potential clinical and disease activity factors.MethodThis was a cross‐sectional study involving women with rheumatoid arthritis between the ages of 20 and 60 years. A validated Malay Version Female Sexual Function Index (MVFSFI) was administered to diagnose FSD. Sociodemographic and disease activity profiles were obtained and those who had and did not have FSD were compared.ResultsAmong 63 respondents, 51 patients were included in the analysis for FSD. The prevalence of FSD in women with rheumatoid arthritis attending UKMMC and Hospital Putrajaya Rheumatology Clinic was 29.4%. Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and Disease Activity Score in 28 joints (DAS28‐ESR) correlates with MVFSFI score with r = −0.364 (P = 0.009) and r = −0.268 (P = 0.057), respectively. Sociodemographic factors that correlate with MVFSFI score were: patient's age (r = 0.520, P < 0.001); duration of marriage (r = −0.355, P = 0.001); husband's age (r = −0.460, P = 0.001); age of oldest child (r = −0.449, P = 0.001); and age of youngest child (r = −0.627, P < 0.001).ConclusionWe found in this study that the prevalence of FSD in rheumatoid arthritis in our centers was 29.4%. Age and family dynamics appear to be more important predictors compared to disease activity.
Serum leptin, resistin and TNF‐α levels in patients with systemic sclerosis: the role of adipokines in scleroderma
Authors: Pehlivan Yavuz , Onat Ahmet Mesut , Ceylan Nurdan , Turkbeyler Ibrahim Halil , Buyukhatipoglu Hakan , Comez Gazi , Babacan Taner , Tarakcioglu Mehmet 
Published: June 2012

AbstractAimSystemic sclerosis (SSc) is a chronic fibrotic collagen tissue disease. Leptin's role in regulating immune and inflammatory response has become increasingly evident. Resistin has pro‐inflammatory properties and also is associated with inflammatory markers in some rheumatologic diseases. The purpose of this study was to determine serum leptin, resistin and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF‐α) in SSc patients and evaluate their association with other frequently used laboratory and clinic findings.MethodSixteen patients were compared with 30 healthy women of similar age and body mass index. Serum leptin, resistin and TNF‐α levels were measured by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay and results were assessed by Mann–Whitney
U
‐test and Spearman's correlation test.ResultsLeptin levels were significantly increased in the SSc group compared to controls (7789.43 ± 1180.72 pg/mL, 1790.55 ± 333.68 pg/mL, P < 0.0001). TNF‐α was significantly elevated in patients and it was also positively correlated with leptin (25.30 ± 2.16 pg/mL, 20.95 ± 0.30 pg/mL, P = 0.001), (P = 0.002, r = 0.523). There was no association between leptin, resistin, TNF‐α levels and skin score, activity score and disease duration in the SSc patients (P > 0.05).ConclusionLeptin, resistin and TNF‐α levels were found to be higher in SSc in contrast to the control group. These adipokines may have differentiating roles in the pathogenesis of SSc. In order to verify these findings, further clinical studies are needed with larger patient groups.
Effect of Pressure and Oil Mist on Windage Power Loss of a Shrouded Spiral Bevel Gear
Authors: Simmons Kathy , Johnson Graham , Wiedemann Nikolas 
Published: June 2012

In many aeroengines the accessory power offtake is achieved using a spiral bevel gear set running off one of the main shafts. The crown and bevel gears are housed in an internal gearbox and there is significant heat generation within this chamber, some of which is attributed to windage power loss (WPL) generated by the gear. Over the past few years the University of Nottingham Technology Centre (UTC) in Gas Turbine Transmissions has been researching spiral bevel gear windage power loss, both computationally and experimentally, using a purpose-built test rig at the UTC. In this study the test rig has been adapted such that chamber pressures up to 8 bar can be generated. Test data has been obtained that shows the effect on the WPL of chamber pressure, advancing understanding of the relationship between data obtained at ambient and pressurized conditions. Three configurations have been studied: unshrouded gear, a gear with 360 deg shroud and a shrouded crown and pinion meshing pair. Furthermore, the effect of oil mist within the chamber on the WPL has been studied. An oil mist generation system was developed for introducing a fine mist into the chamber and results are presented for varying mist flowrates. A mist measurement system was developed to sample mist mass fraction within the chamber and the data obtained is used to calculate an effective (oil/gas mixture) chamber density. Increasing chamber pressure increases the Reynolds number, moving the system behavior further along the moment coefficient-Reynolds number correlation. The Cm-Re correlation is similar in form to that for a shrouded cone, showing transitional behavior around ReÃÂ =ÃÂ 2 × 106. Beyond this transition, Cm decreases with increasing Re. Introducing an oil spray has two effects: a reduction in chamber temperature and an increase in the effective density of the chamber fluid. Both effects can be accounted for by calculating Re and Cm based on mixture properties but it seems highly likely that the properties of the fluid under the shroud differ from those of the fluid in the external chamber.
SU‐E‐T‐246: Preliminary Normal Tissue Complication Probability (NTCP) Analysis for Radiation Pneumonitis (RP) after Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy (SBRT)
Authors: Grimm J , Palma D , Xue J , Senan S 
Published: June 2012

Purpose: NTCP analysis was performed with Lyman model to study the dose tolerance limits for radiation‐induced pneumonitis (RP) in hypofractionated SBRT. Since SBRT is increasingly being applied for the treatment of large and central tumors, it is important from a clinical point of view to determine the dose tolerance limits for specific risk of toxicity. Methods: Eighteen consecutive patients who were treated using volumetric modulated arc therapy (RapidArc) for lung tumors exceeding 80cc were assessed. The evaluation of toxicity was scored using Common Toxicity Criteria AE4.0. Median follow‐up time was 12.8 months. Clinical outcomes have been published, and we performed an NTCP analysis to determine the complication rate in relation to statistical dose tolerance limits. The dose volume histogram (DVH) reduction techniques of the total lung V20Gy, V15Gy, V10Gy, V5Gy and mean lung dose (MLD) were each analyzed, as well as the ipsilateral lung V5Gy and the contralateral lung V5Gy. The framework of the Lyman Model was used except that each DVH reduction method was analyzed independently instead of using the power‐law relationship for volume dependence. Model parameters were fitted using the Maximum Likelihood technique. Results: RP was reported in 5 patients (CTC Grade 2 in 3, and Grade 3 in 2). Total lung V5Gy and contralateral lung V5Gy were the best predictors of RP (p < 0.0001 for both). For V5Gy, the 10% risk level for Grade 2‐3 RP was 28.4% for total lung and 21.6% for contralateral lung. Conclusions: Analysis of RP endpoints has identified total lung V5Gy and contralateral lung V5Gy as the best predictors of RP following RapidArc. These findings are based on limited clinical data, and longer follow‐up in larger patient cohorts is required in order to determine more accurate dose tolerance limits. Dr. Grimm developed the DVH Evaluator, described at www.DiversiLabs.com and distributed by www.LifeLineSoftware.com. The analysis presented here is part of that software.Dr. Senan's department has received research funding from Varian Medical Systems, and Dr. Senan has received speakers honoraria from Varian.
MO‐F‐217A‐01: Establishing a 4D MRI Program for Imaging Moving Tumors
Authors: Cai J , Hu Y , Tryggestad E , Parikh P 
Published: June 2012

4D‐CT has been widely used in radiotherapy for imaging moving tumors, especially in the thoracic regions. In other body sites such as the abdominal, 4D‐CT is limited due to its low soft‐tissue contrast. Additional concern for 4D‐CT includes increased radiation dose to the patient. On the other hand, MRI has no known radiation hazard and has excellent soft‐tissue contrast. It is desirable to develop 4D‐MRI techniques to address the problems associated with 4D‐CT. There are different methods of 4D‐MRI imaging. One is to use sophisticated MR pulse sequence and/or use advanced software and hardware. Another method is to retrospectively sort slice MR images acquired continuously throughout the volume based on respiratory phases. The first method typically results in a temporal resolution of ∼0.7 frame/s and a spatial resolution of 3–4 mm. The second method requires simultaneously acquired respiratory signals, either by using external surrogate or internal/image‐based surrogate. The temporal resolution is ∼ 3 frames/s, the in‐plane spatial resolution is ∼1.5–2 mm, and the slice thickness is ∼ 3–5 mm. Both methods are doable using commercially available MR sequences. 4D‐MRI can be used to improve the determination of patient specific tumor motion margin for radiation therapy, especially for the tumors in the abdominal regions where 4D‐CT has limitations. We presented this topic as a joint imaging/therapy scientific symposium in 2011 AAPM annual meeting. This proposal aims to provide a follow up education on this topic and present technical details on how to establish the 4D‐MRI program in the clinic.Learning Objectives:1. Discuss the need of 4D‐MRI technique for improving patient care in radiation therapy2. Understand technical aspects of different 4D‐MRI imaging techniques3. Discuss the procedures to establish 4D‐MRI program in a radiation oncology clinic
MO‐G‐BRB‐02: Rosalyn S. Yalow, PhD: A Personal and Scientific Memoir
Authors: Goldsmith S 
Published: June 2012

In 1950, Rosalyn S. Yalow, PhD, a medical physicist, was hired to develop The Radioisotope Service at the Bronx VA. She was joined by Sol Berson who had completed his residency in internal medicine. Their initial investigations together were in the application of radionuclides in blood volume determination and the kinetics of iodine metabolism in health and thyroid disease. They were quickly recognized as outstanding clinical investigators. They turned their attention to understanding insulin physiology by labeling insulin and studying the plasma kinetics in a variety of subjects. Radiolabeled insulin was cleared from the blood more slowly in subjects who had received insulin injections. They concluded that the slower clearance was due to insulin antibodies and they quantified the binding phenomenon. They recognized that the quantitative competition of a radiolabeled antigen and an unlabeled antigen molecule for a limited number of binding sites on an antibody provided a basis for the quantitation of an unknown amount of a similar molecule in a sample of plasma or other biological fluid. In 1960, a manuscript entitled “Immunoassay of Endogenous Plasma Insulin in Man” appeared. Using the same principal but identifying unique characteristics of other peptide hormones, the Yalow‐Berson team went on to develop assays for Human Growth Hormone, ACTH, Parathyroid Hormone, Gastrin, Glucagon and other materials of biologic interest. Radioimmunoassay could quantify these substances in less than a drop of plasma. In recognition of these contributions, the Nobel Prize in Medicine and Physiology was awarded in 1977 to Rosalyn S. Yalow, PhD. It is not possible in the limited space and time available to review the impact that the development of radioimmunoassay has had on virtually every field of medical science but the reader is encouraged to review some of the early publications on this subject and to share the excitement and awe that they created at the time of publication and continue to do so for this observer whenever there is an opportunity to review this material. This lecture will provide an overview of the life and principal scientific contributions of a Medical Physicist, Rosalyn S. Yalow, PhD who was awarded the Nobel Prize in Medicine in 1977 in recognition of the development of radioimmunoassay.Learning Objectives:1. Knowledge of key events in the scientific development of Rosalyn S. Yalow, MD.2. Understand the principles of radioimmunoassay.3. Understand the impact of radioimmunoassay methodology on medical science.
TU‐A‐211‐02: Nuts and Bolts of MRI Physics Testing
Authors: Bell R 
Published: June 2012

Training of physicians performing fluoroscopy is key to patient and staff safety. In the absence of uniform regulations regarding credentialing of physicians performing fluoroscopy, various states have adopted/implemented regulations. State of Maryland requires a 4‐hour initial training in fluoroscopy operations and safety and a one‐hour refresher course on the same subject once every 2 years. This applies to all physicians performing fluoroscopy with exception to board certified radiologists. The implementation of a program to comply with such regulatory requirements in a large academic center (Johns Hopkins) and the challenges to ensure compliance of all physicians performing fluoroscopy is the focus of this presentation. Along with that, the process on how to prepare and comply for the Joint Commission's sentinel event policy pertaining to prolonged fluoroscopy will be discussed. In addition, the presentation will also discuss process set in place to comply with regulatory requirements of monitoring personal radiation monitors, other training issues and radiation dose reduction strategies in fluoroscopy.Learning Objectives:1. To understand the credentialing and other requirements for physicians performing fluoroscopy.2. To become familiar with the process set to comply with regulations at a large academic medical center.3. To be able to utilize the information to implement similar process at other institutions.