bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Christian Faith and Doctrine: A Tool for Sustaining Peace in Nigeria
Authors: Ayoola Adebola Racheal 
Published: April 2024

Nigeria is a nation of three major religious groups that has different faith dynamism and practices. The history of Nigeria as a country will not be complete without a research on the issues currently threatening the peace of the nation. More so, over the years, the issue of the diversity in the ethnic groups and tribes has contributed to the division among Nigerians and has done more harm than good in fostering peace and unity in the country (Nweke 2018). Religious and ethnic sentiment has also contributed negatively to the growth and developmental sustainability of Nigerians a whole. What is Christian faith and doctrine? What constitutes the Christian doctrine? What are the teachings and values expected of a Christian in order to bring peace to the country? What role can Christian faith, teachings and practices play in the sustainability of peace in Nigeria? This paper provides succinct answers to these questions. The paper adopted a descriptive and analytical research approach. The research revealed that Christianity just like the other two religions in Nigeria is an advocate of peace and they it also creates a sense of dependence and oneness among human beings (Churchill & Michael 2023). The paper concludes that Christianity is an indispensable tool in sustaining peace in Nigeria since it comes with teachings and practices worth emulating. This paper recommends that people should be sensitized about the importance of sustaining peace in Nigeria. However, the effective teaching of religious studies and uplifting of moral and spiritual values by the religious leaders will go a long way to bring about peace in Nigeria.
Comparison of the Oral Hygiene Status in Children With and Without Juvenile Diabetes - A Comparative Study
Authors: Govindaraju Lavanya , Gurunathan Deepa 
Published: April 2024

Background:
The rise in awareness programs with regard to the maintenance of oral hygiene in children with diabetes has led to a hypothetical question if children with juvenile diabetes are still under the risk of developing dental caries and having poor oral hygiene.

Aim:
To compare the oral hygiene status of the children with and without juvenile diabetes.

Materials and Method:
The study was conducted as age and sex matched case–control study. Sixty-six children diagnosed with juvenile diabetes were compared with the age and sex matched 66 healthy controls with respect to the oral hygiene index, gingival index and DMFT/def index. Mean of the obtained scores of the variables were compared between the groups using Mann–Whitney test with significance level set at 5%.

Results and Conclusion:
No statistically significant differences were noted in the gingival condition and dental caries experience between the children with and without juvenile diabetes (P = 0.820; 0.504; 0.422). However, the overall oral hygiene status was found to be poor in children with juvenile diabetes (P = 0.003). No significant differences were observed in the gingival status and the dental caries prevalence between the two groups.
Intravascular Papillary Endothelial Hyperplasia of Buccal Mucosa Masquerading as Mucocele - A Case Report
Authors: Pandiar Deepak , Krishnan Reshma Poothakulath , Behera Aklesha , Ramani Pratibha 
Published: April 2024

Introduction:
Oral intravascular papillary endothelial hyperplasia (IPEH) is a rare entity with only 105 cases reported so far. Labial and buccal mucosa are the commonly affected sites. These sites are coincidently subjected to continuous minor trauma, which led the researchers to opine that IPEH could have a traumatic etiology with a further role of fibroblast growth factors.

Clinical Presentation:
We report a case of IPEH of right buccal mucosa in a 35 years old South Indian male who clinically presented as mucocele. Histopathologically, multiple lesions were found. Immunohistochemical and histochemical findings have also been presented.

Discussion:
The case is supported by a plausible mechanism involved in the pathogenesis. Thus, IPEH must be included in the clinical differential diagnosis of oral mucoceles and hemangioma.

Take-away Lessons:
Being a reactive lesion, it does not require extensive treatment. Clinicians and histopathologists must be aware of this uncommon yet benign condition for appropriate therapy.
Salivary Biomarker Levels in Children with Sleep Problems Before and After Twin Block Therapy
Authors: Bhosale Trupti Balasaheb , Shetty Vabitha 
Published: April 2024

Background:
Disturbances in sleep have a wide-ranging effect on a child’s life profoundly impacting the standard of living. The aim of this study was to investigate levels of Salivary Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha (TNF-α) and Malondialdehyde (MDA) in a group of children with class II malocclusion and sleep problems before and after twin block appliance therapy.

Materials and Methods:
Eleven children aged 8–12 years with skeletal class II malocclusion and at least one sleep disorder participated in the study. All children were subjected to a recording of their sleep history and a clinical and radiographic examination. Pre-treatment levels of salivary TNF-α and MDA were recorded. A twin block appliance was custom made and delivered to every child. After a minimum follow-up period of 9 months, all children were recalled for a re-evaluation of salivary biomarker levels.

Results:
Levels of salivary biomarkers TNF-α and MDA significantly decreased in children following myofunctional therapy using a twin block appliance.

Conclusion:
The measurement of TNF-α and MDA could be used as an alternative and noninvasive method to evaluate prognosis of twin block therapy for children with sleep-disordered breathing (SDB).
A Variant of Gorlin–Goltz Syndrome with Synchronous Malignant and Multiple Benign Lesions of the Jaws - A Case Report
Authors: John Reena R. , Ashokkumar Pavithran , Gopalakrishnan Kathirvel , Subramanian Mohithan 
Published: April 2024

Introduction:
Although numerous syndromic and non-syndromic odontogenic lesions of the jaws have been documented in the literature, there are very few cases of simultaneous benign and malignant jaw lesions.

Patient Concerns:
We present a case of right maxillary squamous cell carcinoma along with several benign odontogenic cystic lesions of the jaws and skeletal abnormalities that meet the criteria for Gorlin-Goltz syndrome.

Take-Away Lessons:
With a review of the literature, the specifics of management and follow-up are discussed.
Expression of CD44, PCNA and E-cadherin in pterygium tissues
Authors: Yıldırım Humeyra , Turan Gulay , Turan Meydan 
Published: April 2024

Purpose:
Pterygium is a common ocular surface disease defined by fibrovascular conjunctival growth extending onto the cornea. However, its pathogenesis remains unclear. This study aimed to determine the role of CD44, proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), and E-cadherin in pterygium formation and recurrence.

Methods:
Sixty patients with pterygium participated in the study, and we collected conjunctival samples from 30 patients to form a control group. CD44, PCNA, and E-cadherin expressions in surgically excised pterygium were compared with tissue samples from the control group.

Results:
We observed that the percentages of CD44 and PCNA were statistically higher in the primary pterygium group and recurrent pterygium group than in the control group (P < 0.001 and P < 0.001, respectively). Conversely, E-cadherin values were statistically higher in the control group than in the primary and recurrent pterygium groups (P = 0.013 and P < 0.001, respectively).

Conclusion:
Cell proliferation and cell adhesion factors may play important roles in the pathogenesis of pterygium.
Converting LEA to Pelli-Robson contrast sensitivity score in neuro-ophthalmology patients
Authors: Prihatningtias Riski , Hardiyanti Disti , Valencia Lovenia 
Published: April 2024

Purpose:
The Pelli-Robson and LEA contrast sensitivity charts are commonly used in clinical settings to measure contrast sensitivity. Although the Pelli-Robson chart is considered the gold standard, it is limited by its bulky size. The LEA chart, on the contrary, offers a more practical and portable option that is still reliable. This has led to questions about whether we can predict Pelli-Robson scores based on LEA scores. This study developed a conversion method to help transition from the LEA chart to the Pelli-Robson chart and validate the conversion score.

Methods:
In this retrospective study, we analyzed the relationship between LEA and the Pelli-Robson contrast sensitivity test. Our study examined a total of 120 eyes. We developed a conversion table through the equipercentile equating method. Subsequently, we assessed the reliability and accuracy of this algorithm for converting LEA results into Pelli-Robson contrast sensitivity scores.

Results:
The study used a conversion table to convert LEA scores to Pelli-Robson scores. The conversion table achieved a reliability of 0.91 based on intraclass correlation, and the algorithm had an accuracy of 81.6% within a 1-point difference from the raw score.

Conclusions:
This study reported a reliable and comparable conversion algorithm for transforming LEA scores into converted estimated Pelli-Robson scores, thereby improving the usefulness of existing data in both clinical and research contexts.
Single-center retrospective study of the diagnostic value of double-balloon enteroscopy in Meckel’s diverticulum with bleeding
Authors: He Tian , Yang Chao , Wang Jing , Zhong Ji-Sheng , Li Ai-Hua , Yin Ya-Jing , Luo Li-Ling , Rao Chun-Mei , Mao Nian-Fen , Guo Qiang , Zuo Zan , Zhang Wen , Wan Ping 
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND
The study aimed to analyze the characteristic clinical manifestations of patients with intestinal disease Meckel’s diverticulum (MD) complicated by digestive tract hemorrhage. Moreover, we aimed to evaluate the value of double-balloon enteroscopy (DBE) in MD diagnosis and the prognosis after laparoscopic diverticula resection.
AIM
To evaluate the value of DBE in the diagnosis and the prognosis after laparoscopic diverticula resection for MD with bleeding.
METHODS
The study retrospectively analyzed relevant data from 84 MD patients treated between January 2015 and March 2022 and recorded their clinical manifestations, auxiliary examination, and follow-up after laparoscopic resection of diverticula.
RESULTS
(1) Among 84 MD patients complicated with hemorrhage, 77 were male, and 7 were female with an average age of 31.31 ± 10.75 years. The incidence was higher in men than in women of different ages; (2) Among the 84 MD patients, 65 (78.40%) had defecated dark red stools, and 50 (58.80%) had no accompanying symptoms during bleeding, indicating that most MD bleeding appeared a dark red stool without accompanying symptoms; (3) The shock index of 71 patients (85.20%) was < 1, suggesting that the blood loss of most MD patients was less than 20%–30%, and only a few patients had a blood loss of > 30%; (4) The DBE-positive rate was 100% (54/54), 99mTc-pertechnetate-positive scanning rate was 78% (35/45) compared with capsule endoscopy (36%) and small intestine computed tomography (19%). These results suggest that DBE and 99mTc-pertechnetate scans had significant advantages in diagnosing MD and bleeding, especially DBE was a highly precise examination method in MD diagnosis; (5) A total of 54 MD patients with hemorrhage underwent DBE examination before surgery. DBE endoscopy revealed many mucosal manifestations including normal appearance, inflammatory changes, ulcerative changes, diverticulum inversion, and nodular hyperplasia, with ulcerative changes being the most common (53.70%). This suggests that diverticular mucosal ulcer was the main cause of MD and bleeding; and (6) Laparoscopic dissection of diverticulae was performed in 76 patients, The patients who underwent postoperative follow-up did not experience any further bleeding. Additionally, follow-up examination of the 8 cases who had declined surgery revealed that 3 of them experienced a recurrence of digestive tract bleeding. These findings indicate that laparoscopic diverticula resection in MD patients complicated by bleeding had a favorable prognosis.
CONCLUSION
Bleeding associated with MD was predominantly observed in male adolescents, particularly at a young age. DBE was a highly precise examination method in MD diagnosis. Laparoscopic diverticula resection effectively prevented MD bleeding and had a good prognosis.
Research on the prognostic value of adjusting intraperitoneal three-dimensional quality evaluation mode in laparoscopic cholecystectomy patients
Authors: Zhou Yuan , Chen Zhan-Qing 
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND
Benign gallbladder diseases have become a high-prevalence condition not only in China but also worldwide. The main types of benign gallbladder diseases include gallbladder polyps, acute and chronic cholecystitis, and gallstones, with gallstones being the most common, accounting for over 70% of cases. Although the mortality rate of benign gallbladder diseases is low, they carry obvious potential risks. Studies have shown that an increased incidence of benign gallbladder diseases can increase the risk of cardiovascular diseases and gallbladder cancer, resulting in a substantial disease burden on patients and their families.
AIM
To assess the medical utility of the Configuration-Procedure-Consequence (CPC) three-dimensional quality evaluation model in modulating the prognosis of laparoscopic cholecystectomy patients.
METHODS
A total of 98 patients who underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy in our hospital from February 2020 to January 2022 were selected as the subjects. According to the random number table method, they were divided into a study group and a control group, with 49 patients in each group. The control group received routine perioperative care, while the study group had the addition of the CPC three-dimensional quality evaluation. The postoperative recovery-related indicators (time to first flatus, time to oral intake, time to ambulation, hospital stay), stress indicators (cortisol and adrenaline levels), distinctions in anxiety and depression status, and the incidence of perioperative complications were compared.
RESULTS
The time to first flatus, time to oral intake, time to ambulation, and hospital stay of the study group patients were obviously lower than those of the control group patients, with statistical significance (P < 0.05). On the 1st day after admission, there were no obvious distinctions in cortisol and adrenaline levels in blood samples, as well as in the Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) and Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS) scores between the study group and the control group (P > 0.05). However, on the 3rd day after surgery, the cortisol and adrenaline levels, as well as SAS and SDS scores of the study group patients, were obviously lower than those of the control group patients (P < 0.05). The study group had 2 cases of incisional infection and 1 case of pulmonary infection, with a total incidence of complications of 6.12% (3/49), which was obviously lower than the 20.41% (10/49) in the control group (P < 0.05).
CONCLUSION
Implementing the CPC three-dimensional quality evaluation model for patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy can help accelerate their perioperative recovery process, alleviate perioperative stress symptoms, mitigate anxiety, depression, and other adverse emotions, and to some extent, reduce the incidence of perioperative complications.
Comparative analysis of two digestive tract reconstruction methods in total laparoscopic radical total gastrectomy
Authors: Dong Tian-Xiang , Wang Dong , Zhao Qun , Zhang Zhi-Dong , Zhao Xue-Feng , Tan Bi-Bo , Liu Yu , Liu Qing-Wei , Yang Pei-Gang , Ding Ping-An , Zheng Tao , Li Yong , Liu Zi-Jing 
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND
The incidence of gastric cancer has significantly increased in recent years. Surgical resection is the main treatment, but the method of digestive tract reconstruction after gastric cancer surgery remains controversial. In the current study, we sought to explore a reasonable method of digestive tract reconstruction and improve the quality of life and nutritional status of patients after surgery. To this end, we statistically analyzed the clinical results of patients with gastric cancer who underwent jejunal interposition double-tract reconstruction (DTR) and esophageal jejunum Roux-en-Y reconstruction (RY).
AIM
To explore the application effect of DTR in total laparoscopic radical total gastrectomy (TLTG) and evaluate its safety and efficacy.
METHODS
We collected the relevant data of 77 patients who underwent TLTG at the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University from October 2021 to January 2023. Among them, 35 cases were treated with DTR, and the remaining 42 cases were treated with traditional RY. After 1:1 propensity score matching, the cases were grouped into 31 cases per group, with evenly distributed data. The clinical characteristics and short- and long-term clinical outcomes of the two groups were statistically analyzed.
RESULTS
The two groups showed no significant differences in basic data, intraoperative blood loss, number of lymph node dissections, first defecation time after operation, postoperative hospital stay, postoperative complications, and laboratory examination results on the 1st, 3rd, and 5th days after operation. The operation time of the DTR group was longer than that of the RY group [(307.58 ± 65.14) min vs (272.45 ± 62.09) min, P = 0.016], but the first intake of liquid food in the DTR group was shorter than that in the RY group [(4.45 ± 1.18) d vs (6.0 ± 5.18) d, P = 0.028]. The incidence of reflux heartburn (Visick grade) and postoperative gallbladder disease in the DTR group was lower than that in the RY group (P = 0.033 and P = 0.038). Although there was no significant difference in body weight, hemoglobin, prealbumin, and albumin between the two groups at 1,3 and 6 months after surgery, the diet of patients in the DTR group was better than that in the RY group (P = 0.031).
CONCLUSION
The clinical effect of DTR in TLTG is better than that of RY, indicating that it is a more valuable digestive tract reconstruction method in laparoscopic gastric cancer surgery.
Incidence of surgical site infection in minimally invasive colorectal surgery
Authors: Ni Lu-Ting , Zhao Ru , Ye Yi-Ru , Ouyang Yi-Ming , Chen Xin 
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND
Surgical site infection (SSI) is a common complication of colorectal surgery. Minimally invasive surgery notably reduces the incidence of SSI. This study aimed to compare the incidences of SSI after robot-assisted colorectal surgery (RACS) vs that after laparoscopic assisted colorectal surgery (LACS) and to analyze associated risk factors for SSI in minimally invasive colorectal surgery.
AIM
To compare the incidences of SSI after RACS and LACS, and to analyze the risk factors associated with SSI after minimally invasive colorectal surgery.
METHODS
Clinical data derived from patients who underwent minimally invasive colorectal surgery between October 2020 and October 2022 at the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University were collated. Differences in clinical characteristics and surgeryrelated information associated with RACS and LACS were compared, and possible risk factors for SSI were identified.
RESULTS
A total of 246 patients (112 LACS and 134 RACS) were included in the study. Fortythree (17.5%) developed SSI. The proportions of patients who developed SSI were similar in the two groups (17.9% vs 17.2%, P = 0.887). Diabetes mellitus, intraoperative blood loss ≥ 100 mL, and incision length were independent risk factors for SSI. Possible additional risk factors included neoadjuvant therapy, lesion site, and operation time.
CONCLUSION
There was no difference in SSI incidence in the RACS and LACS groups. Diabetes mellitus, intraoperative blood loss ≥ 100 mL, and incision length were independent risk factors for postoperative SSI.
Burden of gallstone disease in the United States population: Prepandemic rates and trends
Authors: Unalp-Arida Aynur , Ruhl Constance E 
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND
Gallstone disease is one of the most common digestive disorders in the United States and leads to significant morbidity, mortality, and health care utilization.
AIM
To expand on earlier findings and investigate prepandemic rates and trends in the gallstone disease burden in the United States using national survey and claims databases.
METHODS
The National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey, National Inpatient Sample, Nationwide Emergency Department Sample, Nationwide Ambulatory Surgery Sample, Vital Statistics of the United States, Optum Clinformatics® Data Mart, and Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services Medicare 5% Sample and Medicaid files were used to estimate claims-based prevalence, medical care including cholecystectomy, and mortality with a primary or other gallstone diagnosis. Rates were age-adjusted (for national databases) and shown per 100000 population.
RESULTS
Gallstone disease prevalence ( claims-based, 2019) was 0.70% among commercial insurance enrollees, 1.03% among Medicaid beneficiaries, and 2.09% among Medicare beneficiaries and rose over the previous decade. Recently, in the United States population, gallstone disease contributed to approximately 2.2 million ambulatory care visits, 1.2 million emergency department visits, 625000 hospital discharges, and 2000 deaths annually. Women had higher medical care rates with a gallstone disease diagnosis, but mortality rates were higher among men. Hispanics had higher ambulatory care visit and hospital discharge rates compared with Whites, but not mortality rates. Blacks had lower ambulatory care visit and mortality rates, but similar hospital discharge rates compared with whites. During the study period, ambulatory care and emergency department visit rates with a gallstone disease diagnosis rose, while hospital discharge and mortality rates declined. Among commercial insurance enrollees, rates were higher compared with national data for ambulatory care visits and hospitalizations, but lower for emergency department visits. Cholecystectomies performed in the United States included 605000 ambulatory laparoscopic, 280000 inpatient laparoscopic, and 49000 inpatient open procedures annually. Among commercial insurance enrollees, rates were higher compared with national data for laparoscopic procedures.
CONCLUSION
The gallstone disease burden in the United States is substantial and increasing, particularly among women, Hispanics, and older adults with laparoscopic cholecystectomy as the mainstay treatment. Current practice patterns should be monitored for better health care access.