bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of the Addition of Membrane Processed Olive Mill Waste Water (OMWW) to Extra Virgin Olive Oil
Authors: Zunin P. , Fusella G. C. , Leardi R. , Boggia R. , Bottino A. , Capannelli G. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractModern membrane technologies are useful for enhancing the concentration of phenolic antioxidants in olive mill waste water (OMWW) to produce concentrates with valuable applications in functional foods. Three types of OMWW concentrates, each with different levels of solute concentration and purity, were obtained from a single OMWW batch and dissolved in two extra virgin olive oils to achieve saturated solutions. Three addition levels were considered. Accelerated aging testing of the oils was performed at 60 °C and the samples were analyzed after two, four, and 6 weeks of aging. D‐optimal design was used to select the 26 experiments that allowed the evaluation of the influence of the different variables on oil stability. The addition of OMWW concentrates resulted in a significant increase in the Radical Scavenging Activity (RSA) of the olive oils. Under these mild experimental conditions, the moderate formation of fatty acid hydroperoxides was probably masked by interfering compounds.
Search for Provenance of Oligocene Barail Sandstones in and around Jotsoma, Kohima, Nagaland
Authors: Srivastava S. K. , Pandey N. 
Published: June 2011

Abstract:
Provenance of the Oligocene Barail sandstones has been ascertained by means of petrographic and heavy mineral studies. Petrography reveals an abundance of angular to sub-rounded monocrystalline, non-undulatory quartz followed by lithic fragments. The overall composition of sandstones matches with those of sublith-arenites. The heavy mineral suite of Barail sandstones displays rounded to sub-rounded as well as euhedral / angular grains of iron oxide, zircon, tourmaline, rutile, kyanite, sillimanite and staurolite in decreasing order of abundance. Petrography coupled with heavy mineral suite suggests for a mixed provenance dominated by a sedimentary source of recycled orogenic provenance in a foreland basin setup.
Mid-Holocene Vegetation and Climatic Variability in Tropical Deciduous Sal (Shorea robusta) Forest of Lower Brahmaputra Valley, Assam
Authors: Dixit Swati , Bera S. K. 
Published: June 2011

Abstract:
One 2.5 m lacustrine sedimentary profile dated back to 6340 years BP from Deosila swamp under Rangjuli Reserve forest of Assam, Northeast India has been pollen analyzed for tracing past vegetation vis à vis climate variability since mid-Holocene. The pollen diagram has deciphered that during 6340 to 2970 years BP, tropical tree savannah type of vegetation grew in the region chiefly constituted of grasses interspersed with scattered trees of Salmalia, Dillenia, Emblica, Meliaceae along with sporadic presence of Artocarpus chaplasha, Symplocos, Ilex, Schima and Shorea robusta under relatively less cool and dry climatic condition with a little ameliorating trend at the upper column. The vegetation scenario implies poor growth of arboreals due to harsh abiotic dynamics causing changes in drainage system. Subsequently during 2970 to 1510 years BP, tropical mixed deciduous forest succeeded tree savannah with invasion of Shorea robusta, Lagerstroemia, Lannea, Semecarpus and Acacia under warm and humid climate. The gradual enrichment of organic soil might have been conducive for better growth of both deciduous and semi evergreen arboreals as found today. However, during 1510 to 540 years BP, the forest groves became more strengthened resulting establishment of tropical deciduous Sal forest. Steady increment of Shorea robusta along with Lannea, Lagerstroemia, Terminalia, Sapotaceae, Albizia and Adina was observed probably due to influence of active SW monsoon under increased warm and humid climatic regime. This is well substantiated by the consistent occurrence of marshy and aquatic taxa along with ferns and fungal remains. Finally during 540 years BP onward the reduced forest floristics have obviously been envisaged the change in climate which turned to warm and relatively dry probably attributable to the weak monsoon rainfall. The acceleration in human settlement during this phase is evidenced by Cerealia and by the increase of Melastoma, Ziziphus and Areca catechu implying forest clearance.
Association between calcium in cord blood and newborn size in Bangladesh
Authors: Doi Mariko , Sultana Rekha Rokeya , Ahmed Sultan , Okada Masafumi , Kumar Roy Anjan , El Arifeen Shams , Ekström Eva-Charlotte , Raqib Rubhana , Wagatsuma Yukiko 
Published: June 2011

Ca status in the uterus during pregnancy has been suggested to affect fetal growth and size at birth. In Bangladesh, low Ca levels in pregnant women and low birth weight in infants are common. The present study explored the association between Ca levels in cord blood and newborn size at birth (birth weight and birth length) in Bangladesh. Samples and data included 223 women with live-born singleton deliveries in rural Bangladesh. Newborn weight and length were measured at birth. From cord blood obtained at delivery, Ca, 25-hydroxy vitamin D, bone-specific alkaline phosphatase and intact parathyroid hormone levels were determined. An association between size at birth and Ca levels in cord blood was found (birth weight, P = 0·022; birth length, P = 0·001). Associations between Ca and newborn size were further analysed using multivariate regression analyses. After adjusting for several covariates of characteristics in mothers and newborns (gestational weeks at birth, sex of newborn, socio-economic status, maternal height, BMI, age and season at birth), birth length still exhibited a significant relationship with Ca levels in cord blood (birth length, P = 0·030). The present study indicates that Ca status in cord blood might be associated with the birth length of newborns. Ca levels during gestation may affect fetal growth.
Supplementing chicken broth with monosodium glutamate reduces hunger and desire to snack but does not affect energy intake in women
Authors: Carter Brett E. , Monsivais Pablo , Perrigue Martine M. , Drewnowski Adam 
Published: June 2011

The effect of monosodium glutamate (MSG) supplementation in soup or broth on satiety is not well understood. In the present study, the relative effects of four chicken broths with or without added MSG on motivational ratings and energy intakes at the next meal were compared using a double-blinded, within-subject design. A total of thirty-five normal-weight women, aged 20–40 years, took part in four study sessions. The four broths were base chicken broth (63 kJ), broth with added MSG (1·19 g) and nucleotides (0·03 g), broth with added MSG (1·22 g), and broth with added fat (BAF; 681 kJ). The preloads were presented twice at 09.00 and 11.15 hours for a maximum cumulative dose of 2·44 g MSG. Motivational ratings were collected before and at 15 min intervals post-ingestion for a total of 210 min. A test lunch meal was served at 12.00 hours, and plate waste was measured. The addition of MSG to chicken broth did not increase energy intakes at lunch or affect motivational ratings over the entire testing session. Both hunger and desire to snack between the second preload exposure and the test meal were significantly reduced in the MSG condition relative to the base broth condition (both, P = 0·03). However, only the BAF significantly suppressed energy intakes at lunch compared with the base broth control condition. Supplementing chicken broth with MSG can increase subjective ratings for satiety but does not alter energy intake at the next meal relative to an equal energy broth without added MSG.
Elevated vascular resistance and afterload reduce the cardiac output response to dobutamine in early growth-restricted rats in adulthood
Authors: Zohdi Vladislava , Jane Black M. , Pearson James T. 
Published: June 2011

Epidemiological studies have linked intra-uterine growth restriction (IUGR) with an increased risk of CVD later in life. The aim of the present study was to examine the effect of maternal protein restriction on cardiac function in adulthood during dobutamine (DOB) stimulation. IUGR was induced in Wistar Kyoto dams through administration of a low-protein diet (LPD; 8·7 % casein) during pregnancy and lactation; the control group received a normal-protein diet (NPD; 20 % casein). At 14 weeks of age, cardiac function was assessed in male and female NPD (eight females and eight males) and LPD offspring (ten females and ten males) by pressure volumetry using an anaesthetised closed-chest approach. We determined mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate and left ventricular pressure–volume indices under baseline conditions and DOB stimulation (2 and 4 μg/kg per min). During β-adrenergic activation in LPD offspring, increases in cardiac output (CO,P < 0·018) and stroke volume (SV,P < 0·005) were attenuated in comparison with NPD offspring, while increases in ejection fraction and the maximal rate of ventricular pressure development were not affected. LPD females maintained a smaller end-diastolic volume (P < 0·017). MAP did not differ between the groups and did not change significantly during DOB infusion. Arterial elastance and total peripheral resistance decreased in all rats but remained significantly elevated in LPD offspring (P < 0·015 and < 0·01). Early growth restriction did not affect ventricular contractility but led to an increased afterload and impaired the ability to increase SV and CO during β-adrenergic stimulation.
Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations are associated with erythrocyte levels of n-3 PUFA but not risk of CVD
Authors: Park Yongsoon , Kim Minkyung 
Published: June 2011

Increasing evidence suggests that the status of vitamin D and n-3 PUFA is associated with the risk of CVD. Major dietary sources of vitamin D include fish and fish products, which are also rich in n-3 PUFA; however, the relationship between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels and tissue contents of n-3 PUFA remains unknown. The present study investigates the hypothesis that serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D and erythrocyte n-3 PUFA levels are positively correlated in patients with CVD. We recruited sixty CVD cases and matched them with sixty healthy controls based on age, sex and season during which blood was drawn for the study. As serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels increased, erythrocyte levels of docosapentaenoic acid, DHA, omega-3 index and total n-3 PUFA increased significantly, while erythrocyte levels of stearic acid and total SFA decreased significantly, after adjusting for age, sex, BMI and smoking. Partial correlation analysis also showed that erythrocyte n-3 PUFA levels were positively correlated (r 0·215; P = 0·021) and total SFA content was negatively correlated (r − 0·263; P = 0·004) with serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels. However, multiple logistic regression analysis showed that serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels were not significantly associated with the risk of CVD, after adjusting or not adjusting for age, sex, BMI and smoking. In conclusion, the results of our case–control study suggest that serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels are positively related to erythrocyte n-3 PUFA levels, but are not associated with the risk of CVD in this population.
A high-amylopectin diet caused hepatic steatosis associated with more lipogenic enzymes and increased serum insulin concentration
Authors: He Jun , Chen Daiwen , Zhang Keying , Yu Bing 
Published: June 2011

Starch is the major energy source for monogastric mammals and humans. The present study was conducted to evaluate the liver metabolic responses of weaned pigs fed with different dietary starches. A total of sixteen weaned pigs were fed with two experimental diets containing either cassava starch (CS, 80 % amylopectin and 20 % amylose) or maize starch (70 % amylopectin and 30 % amylose). The present results showed that the growth performance was not affected by different dietary starches (P>0·05). However, ingestion of CS not only increased the lipid content in liver tissues, but also elevated the concentrations of serum cholesterol and insulin (P < 0·05). The metabolic responses induced by CS were associated with more lipogenic enzymes such as fatty acid synthase and 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl-CoA reductase in liver (P < 0·05). Real-time PCR quantification for lipid metabolic genes indicated that ingestion of CS not only up-regulated the expression of these lipogenic genes, but also decreased the expression of lipolytic genes. These results suggested that the metabolic responses of weaned pigs fed with different dietary starches may vary widely depending on their composition, and ingestion of starches that are high in amylopectin may produce a stronger insulinaemic response and lead to an up-regulation of lipogenesis in the liver.
Pricing Two Heterogeneous Trees
Authors: Branger Nicole , Schlag Christian , Wu Lue 
Published: June 2011

AbstractWe consider a Lucas-type exchange economy with two heterogeneous stocks (trees) and a representative investor with constant relative risk aversion. The dividend process for one stock follows a geometric Brownian motion with constant and known parameters. The expected dividend growth rate for the other tree is stochastic and in general unobservable, although there may be a signal from which the investor can learn about its current value. We find that the equilibrium quantities in our model significantly depend on the information structure and on the level of risk aversion. While an observable stochastic drift mainly makes the economy more risky, a latent expected growth rate process with learning significantly changes the equilibrium price-dividend ratios, price reactions to dividend and drift innovations, expected returns, volatilities, correlations, and differences between the stocks. These effects are the more pronounced the more risk averse the representative investor.
The Two Sides of Derivatives Usage: Hedging and Speculating with Interest Rate Swaps
Authors: Chernenko Sergey , Faulkender Michael 
Published: June 2011

AbstractExisting cross-sectional findings on nonfinancial firms’ use of derivatives that are usually interpreted as the result of hedging may alternatively be due to speculation. Panel data examinations can distinguish between derivatives practices that endure over time and are therefore more likely to result from hedging, and those that are more transient, thus more consistent with speculation. Our decomposition results indicate that hedging of interest rate risk is concentrated among high-investment firms, consistent with costly external finance. Simultaneously, firms appear to use interest rate swaps to manage earnings and to speculate when their executive compensation contracts are more performance sensitive.
Seroprevalence of Taenia solium infections in Croatian patients presenting with epilepsy
Authors: Meštrović T. , Sviben M. , Vilibić-Čavlek T. , Ljubin-Sternak S. , Tabain I. , Mlinarić-Galinović G. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractEpilepsy is one of the most common neurological disorders, while neurocysticercosis caused by Taenia solium infection of the central nervous system currently represents the leading cause of secondary epilepsy in Central and South America, East and South Asia, and sub-Saharan Africa. As a result of increased migration from these endemic regions, neurocysticercosis and subsequent epilepsy are becoming a growing public health problem in developed countries as well. In order to determine the prevalence of T. solium infection in patients with epilepsy in Croatia, a retrospective serological study was conducted. A total of 770 serum samples were tested for the presence of T. solium IgG antibodies using a commercial qualitative enzyme immunoassay. The Western blot technique was used as a confirmatory test for the diagnosis. The overall seroprevalence rate of T. solium infection in patients with clinically proven epilepsy was 1.5%. Although the results have shown that infection with this tapeworm is rare in Croatia, this study hopes to increase awareness about the importance of preventive measures and benefits of accurate and timely diagnosis. Intervention measures for infection control are crucial, namely sanitation improvement, control of domestic pig-breeding, detailed meat inspection, detection and treatment of tapeworm carriers, hand washing and health education.
Platynosomum fastosum-induced chronic intrahepatic cholangitis and Spirometra spp. infections in feral cats from Grand Cayman
Authors: Headley S.A. , Gillen M.A. , Sanches A.W.D. , Satti M.Z. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractThe occurrence of platynosomiasis and intestinal sparganosis is described in feral cats from Grand Cayman, Cayman Islands. Spirometra spp. was observed within the intestine of 18.18% (10/55) of cats; 1.18% (1/55) of cats demonstrated gross and histological manifestation of parasitism by Platynosomum fastosum, but 14.5% (8/55) of cats had the characteristic pathological manifestations of P. fastosum-induced intrahepatic cholangitis without the concomitant presence of the intraductal trematode. Combined parasitism (Spirometra spp. and P. fastosum) was observed in 9.09% (5/55) of feral cats. Significant pathological findings were only associated with the hepatic fluke, P. fastosum, and were grossly characterized by moderate hepatomegaly with enlarged and dilated bile ducts. Examples of cestodes with morphological features characteristic of Spirometra spp. were observed within the small intestine without any associated pathological lesion. The histopathological evaluation of liver fragments revealed chronic intrahepatic cholangitis with and without the associated intraductal trematode, and was characterized by marked periductal fibrosis, adenomatous proliferation of bile duct epithelium, dilation of intrahepatic bile ducts and portal accumulations of inflammatory cells. The occurrence of the cestode in feral cats coupled with factors that are unique to Grand Cayman makes this island the ideal location for sporadic cases of human sparganosis.
Diversity and distribution of nematodes associated with terrestrial slugs in the Western Cape Province of South Africa
Authors: Ross J.L. , Ivanova E.S. , Sirgel W.F. , Malan A.P. , Wilson M.J. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractA survey of nematodes associated with native and introduced species of terrestrial slugs was conducted in the Western Cape Province of South Africa, in order to gather new data regarding diversity and distribution. A total of 521 terrestrial slugs were collected from 35 localities throughout the Western Cape. All slugs were dissected and examined for the presence of internal nematodes. Extracted nematodes were identified using a combination of molecular (18S rRNA gene sequencing) and morphological techniques. Nematodes were found parasitizing slugs at 14 of the 35 sites examined, amounting to 40% of sample sites. Of all slugs, 6% were infected with nematodes. A total of seven species of nematode were identified in the province, includingAgfa flexilis,Angiostomasp.,Phasmarhabditissp. SA1,Phasmarhabditissp. SA2,Caenorhabditis elegans,Panagrolaimussp. andRhabditissp. Of these species, four were thought to be parasitic to slugs (A. flexilis, Angiostomasp.,Phasmarhabditissp. SA1 andPhasmarhabditissp. SA2), as opposed to forming necromenic or phoretic associations. Three new species of slug-parasitic nematode were identified during this study (Angiostomasp.,Phasmarhabditissp. SA1 andPhasmarhabditissp. SA2).
Age of word acquisition effects in treatment of children with phonological delays
Authors: GIERUT JUDITH A. , MORRISETTE MICHELE L. 
Published: June 2011

ABSTRACTThe effects of the age of acquisition (AoA) of words were examined in the clinical treatment of 10 preschool children with phonological delays. Using a single-subject multiple-baseline experimental design, children were enrolled in one of four conditions that varied the AoA of the treated words (early vs. late acquired) relative to their corresponding word frequency (high vs. low frequency). Phonological generalization to treated and untreated sounds in error served as the dependent variable. Results showed that late acquired words induced greater generalization, with an effect size four times greater than early acquired words, whereas the effects of word frequency were minimized. Results are discussed relative to hypotheses about the role of AoA in language acquisition and the relevance of this variable for phonological learning.
Auditory training for experienced and inexperienced second-language learners: Native French speakers learning English vowels
Authors: IVERSON PAUL , PINET MELANIE , EVANS BRONWEN G. 
Published: June 2011

ABSTRACTThis study examined whether high-variability auditory training on natural speech can benefit experienced second-language English speakers who already are exposed to natural variability in their daily use of English. The subjects were native French speakers who had learned English in school; experienced listeners were tested in England and the less experienced listeners were tested in France. Both groups were given eight sessions of high-variability phonetic training for English vowels, and were given a battery of perception and production tests to evaluate their improvement. The results demonstrated that both groups learned to similar degrees, suggesting that training provides a type of learning that is distinct from that obtained in more naturalistic situations.
Les emplois référentiels du SN démonstratif en français et en néerlandais: pas du pareil au même
Authors: VANDERBAUWHEDE GUDRUN 
Published: June 2011

RÉSUMÉCet article étudie les différences distributionnelles entre les emplois référentiels du SNdém en français et en néerlandais. En soumettant les données issues de deux corpus comparables (Dutch Parallel CorpusetCorpus de Namur) à notre modèle triangulaire systématique des emplois du SNdém, nous constatons que deux explications majeures permettent de comprendre la plus grande partie des divergences attestées au niveau des emplois référentiels du SNdém en français et en néerlandais, à savoir des normes stylistiques différentes en relation avec des différences linguistiques et des divergences au niveau du degré de déicticité des SNdém en français et en néerlandais.
Renal impairment and moderate alcohol consumption in the elderly. Results from the Italian Longitudinal Study on Aging (ILSA)
Authors: Buja Alessandra , Scafato Emanuele , Baggio Bruno , Sergi Giuseppe , Maggi Stefania , Rausa Giuseppe , Basile Angela , Manzato Enzo , Ghirini Silvia , Perissinotto Egle 
Published: June 2011

AbstractObjectiveThe influence of moderate alcohol consumption on renal function is not clear in elderly people. The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between alcohol consumption and renal function, expressed as serum creatinine levels and glomerular filtration rates (GFR), in an elderly population.DesignPerspective cohort study.SettingPopulation-based study on an elderly Italian population.SubjectsA sample of 3404 Italian people (1619 women and 1785 men), aged 65–84 years, from the Italian Longitudinal Study on Aging (ILSA).ResultsPrevalence and cumulative risk of impaired renal function (defined as GFR ≤ 60 ml/min) were estimated by sex and alcohol consumption groups. Logistic regression analysis adjusting for confounders (age, education, smoking, BMI and medications) and intermediate factors (blood cholesterol and fibrinogen, systolic hypertension and diabetes) showed that alcohol consumption level was not significantly related to the prevalence of mild renal impairment in elderly women. In men, both prevalence and incidence results seemed to suggest an inverse linear relationship between moderate alcohol consumption and the risk of mild renal impairment. A U-shaped association was shown for women at the incidence phase, suggesting a higher risk of developing renal impairment for women who drink more than 24 g alcohol/d.ConclusionsOur results suggest that, in accordance with the recommendations on alcohol consumption in the elderly, moderate quantities of alcohol are not injurious to renal function in elderly men.