bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High-performance Lithium Secondary Batteries Using Cathode Active Materials of Triquinoxalinylenes Exhibiting Six Electron Migration
Authors: Matsunaga Takayuki , Kubota Takayuki , Sugimoto Toyonari , Satoh Masaharu 
Published: June 2011

Abstract
A coin cell battery is fabricated using triquinoxalinylene as a cathode active material and a lithium metal anode. The first discharge curve shows a remarkably large capacity (420 A h kg−1), which corresponds to a six electron migration in the first charge. However, repeating the charge–discharge until the 15th cycle gradually decreases the capacity, but after that the capacity remains constant with a value of 220 A h kg−1. This large value remains even after 100 cycles. Additionally, the use of a tribromo-substituted derivative gives a large discharge capacity (≈250 A h kg−1) due to a comparatively stable six electron migration from the first charge–discharge cycle.
Occupational Stress and Its Related Factors among University Teachers in China
Authors: Sun Wei , Wu Hui , Wang Lie 
Published: June 2011

Occupational Stress and Its Related Factors among University Teachers in China: Wei Sun, et al. Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, P.R. China—ObjectivesUniversity teachers in China are expected to suffer serious occupational stress due to the expanding enrollment in universities without a proportional increase in teacher resources and the fact that all promotions for university teachers are determined based on not only teaching but also the outcome of scientific research. This study was designed to assess the occupational stress among university teachers in China and clarify its risk factors.MethodsA cross‐sectional study was performed in Liaoning Province, the centralized area of higher education in Northeast China. Eight universities (2 multidiscipline and 6 specialized) and 10% of academic staff each were randomly sampled. Questionnaires pertaining to occupational stress indicated by the Chinese Version Personal Strain Questionnaire (PSQ) and demographic characteristics, health status, work situations, and personal and social resources were distributed in October 2008. A total of 827 effective respondents(response rate 76.4%) became our participants.ResultsThe average raw score of PSQ was 91.0 among the university teachers. General linear model analysis showed that the factors significantly associated with the PSQ score were, in standardized estimate (β)sequence, mental health, role overload, role insuficiency, social support, monthly income, role limitations due to physical problems, research inance and self‐rated disease with adjustment for age and sex.ConclusionWe concluded that, in comparison to work‐related factors and social support, mental health is a prominent risk factor for occupational stress in university teachers in China. Improvement of mental health and organizational climate should be considered to lessen the occupational stress of university teachers.
New Completion Methodology To Improve Oil Recovery and Minimize Water Intrusion in Reservoirs Subject to Water Injection
Authors: Sierra Leopoldo , East Loyd , Soliman M.Y.. Y. , Kulakofsky David 
Published: June 2011

SummaryImplementing water injection during the early stage of a new reservoir's development is a process that is gaining popularity around the world. This is especially true in Saudi Arabia, where water injection is used both to improve oil recovery and to maintain pressure by placing short or long horizontal water-injection wells around the reservoir flanks.For cases where water-injection wells are placed in reservoir flanks, some of the producing wells are perforated transverse to the water-injection wells to improve the oil recovery around the involved areas. For this specific exploitation strategy, there is a potential risk of water channeling from the injector to the producing well toe, which, once it happens, might jeopardize recovery efficiency.For the referenced exploitation strategy, a new completion methodology is proposed that considers the placement of a fracture barrier at the toe of the producing well to delay water intrusion and improve recovery efficiency. This paper discusses the use of nonconductive barrier fractures and the benefits of the completion methodology, supported with extensive simulations for the different scenarios.
Practice and Understanding of Separate-Layer Polymer Injection in Daqing Oil Field
Authors: Yaning Liang , Shicheng Zhang , Xiaohan Pei , Hong Duan 
Published: June 2011

Summary
Daqing oil field is one of the earliest to develop displacement technology by polyacrylamide (HPAM). One tonne of polymer can increase 100 to 120 tonnes of oil; the recovery increases from 40% (OOIP) to 50% (OOIP). In view of the geological and physicochemical characteristics, a series of technologies have been developed, such as polymer-flooding mechanism, productivity forecasting, proposal optimization, domestic excellent-quality polymer production, surface injection, downhole separate-layer injection, and separate-layer testing during injection. The oil field is characterized as a heterogeneous multilayer sandstone reservoir. During polymer flooding, separate-layer injection technology is also needed to mitigate the interlayer differences, enhance oil recovery, and improve the whole development effect.
After polymer flooding in main oil layers, polymer flooding in Daqing oil field turned to lower-permeability layers. To obtain a better displacement effect, the injected-polymer molecular weight is usually determined according to the injectivity of high-permeability layers. However, if polymer solution with the same molecular weight is injected in each layer, it will cause blockage in low-permeability layers. In order to solve this problem, a new technology is developed that can control both separate-layer polymer molecular weight and injection rate; the injection profile was improved greatly in later field applications.
This paper introduces the development and practice of separate-layer polymer-injection technologies, and presents the principle, string structure, and parameters of eccentric different-molecular-weight polymer-injection technology and its field applications in Daqing oil field.
Drilling Through Gas-Hydrate Sediments: Managing Wellbore-Stability Risks
Authors: Khabibullin T.. , Falcone G.. , Teodoriu C.. 
Published: June 2011

Summary
As hydrocarbon exploration and development moves into deeper water and onshore Arctic environments, it becomes increasingly important to quantify the drilling hazards posed by gas hydrates. To address these concerns, a 1D semianalytical model for heat and fluid transport in the reservoir was coupled with a numerical model for temperature distribution along the wellbore. This combination allowed the estimation of the dimensions of the hydrate-bearing layer where the initial pressure and temperature can dynamically change while drilling. These dimensions were then used to build a numerical reservoir model for the simulation of the dissociation of gas hydrate in the layer. The bottomhole pressure (BHP) and formation properties used in this workflow were based on a real-field case. The results provide an understanding of the effects of drilling through hydrate-bearing sediments (HBS) and of the impact of drilling-fluid temperature and BHP on changes in temperature and pore pressure within the surrounding sediments. It was found that the amount of gas hydrate that can dissociate will depend significantly on both initial formation characteristics and bottomhole conditions) namely, mud temperature and pressure). The procedure outlined in the paper can provide quantitative results of the impact of hydrate dissociation on wellbore stability, which can help in better design of drilling muds for ultradeepwater operations.
Novel Analytical Methods of Temperature Interpretation in Horizontal Wells
Authors: Muradov K.M.. M. , Davies D.R.. R. 
Published: June 2011

Summary
Long (horizontal) completion intervals typically show a wide variation in the inflow distribution along their length because of either formation heterogeneity or (frictional) flow pressure losses. Monitoring of the inflow profiles in such wells is an important step in efficient reservoir management. Accurate temperature measurements [using distributed temperature sensors (DTSs), permanent downhole gauges (PDGs), or other forms of production logging] have become more widely available in recent years. Many published papers describe temperature sensing and its phenomenological interpretation, but few attempts have been made recently to develop a comprehensive mathematical basis for the analysis of downhole temperature behavior.
This paper presents a holistic, analytical, mathematical model for calculation of the temperature profile in horizontal wells producing liquids for reservoirs where thermal recovery methods are not being employed. The model presented in this paper rigorously accounts for (1) the Joule-Thomson (JT) effect, (2) convection, (3) transient fluid expansion, and (4) time-dependent heat loss to the surrounding layers.
A synthetic horizontal-well model has been built using a commercial, scientific simulator as a test bed to provide the data to allow evaluation of the efficacy of our novel analytical methods. Asymptotic analytical solutions have also been found for transient and steady-state flow. It has also been found possible, in addition to these constant-flow-rate solutions, to apply the well-known pressure-analysis solution techniques for the estimation of (1) thermal properties and (2) inflow profiling.
The methods proposed here can be applied to a wide variety of well completion types, flow conditions, and system properties. These methods form the basis for the calculation of oil-and water-flow phase cuts and distributions that are based purely on temperature measurements. Their use will further increase the potential applications of the modern downhole monitoring and control capabilities currently being installed in wells.
Three-Phase Equilibrium Study for Heavy-Oil/Solvent/Steam System at High Temperatures
Authors: Jia Na , Memon Afzal , Gao Jinglin , Zuo Julian Y. , Zhao Hongying , Ng Heng-Joo , Huang Haibo 
Published: June 2011

Summary
Reservoir simulation and research activities of heavy oil production processes (steam-assisted gravity drainage, vapour extraction, or the steam/solvent combined hybrid process) require accurate values of equilibrium constants (K-values) at elevated temperatures. However, such data are rarely available in open literature either because of the temperature limitation of pressure/volume/temperature (PVT) equipment or difficulties in performing high-temperature three-phase vapour/liquid equilibrium (VLE) experiments.
In this paper--with the assistance of a state-of-the-art fully visual PVT cell that was specifically developed for heavy viscous oils, is capable of performing fluid-phase-behaviour studies at temperatures up to 250°C, and that effectively mixes samples with viscosity up to 1,000 cp at test temperature--a heavy-oil/solvent/steam equilibrium case study is presented. The heavy oil was mixed with solvent and water at a specified weight ratio, temperature, and pressure in the heavy-oil PVT cell. After achieving equilibrium, the volumes of vapour, liquid, and water phases were measured. The samples from each phase were drawn for compositional analysis using gas chromatography (GC), and K-values of the hydrocarbon components were examined. The component compositions from this experiment were used for equation-of-state (EOS) model tuning. This case study shows that with proper care, the EOS can be characterized and used to match with experimental data for heavy oil.
Precise 3D Numerical Modeling of Fracture Flow Coupled With X-Ray Computed Tomography for Reservoir Core Samples
Authors: Watanabe N.. , Ishibashi T.. , Hirano N.. , Tsuchiya N.. , Ohsaki Y.. , Tamagawa T.. , Tsuchiya Y.. , Okabe H.. 
Published: June 2011

Summary
The present study focuses on the feasibility of a precise 3D numerical modeling coupled with X-ray computed tomography (CT), which enables simple analysis of heterogeneous fracture flows within reservoir core samples, as well as the measurement of porosity and permeability. A numerical modeling was developed and applied to two fractured granite core samples. One of the samples had an artificial single fracture (sample dimensions: 100 mm in diameter, 150 mm in length), and the other had natural multiple fractures (sample dimensions: 100 mm in diameter, 120 mm in length). A linear relationship between the CT value and the fracture aperture (fracture-aperture calibration curve) was obtained by X-ray CT scanning for a fracture-aperture calibration standard while varying the aperture from 0.1 to 0.5 mm. With the fracture-aperture calibration curve, 3D distributions of the CT value for the samples (voxel dimensions: 0.35×0.35×0.50 mm3) were converted into fracture-aperture distributions in order to obtain fracture models for these samples. The numerical porosities reproduced the experimental porosities within factors of approximately 1.3 and 1.1 for the single fracture and the multiple fractures, respectively. Using the fracture models, a single-phase flow simulation was also performed with a local cubic law-based fracture-flow model for steady-state laminar flow of a viscous and incompressible fluid. The numerically obtained permeabilities were larger than the experimentally obtained permeabilities by factors of approximately 2.2 and 2.7 for the single fracture and the multiple fractures, respectively. However, these discrepancies can be reduced to approximately 1.3—2.1 and 1.6-2.6, respectively, by simply using the correction factor for the cubic-law equation proposed by Witherspoon et al. (1980). Consequently, a precise numerical modeling coupled with X-ray CT is essentially feasible. Furthermore, the development of preferential flow paths (i.e., channeling flow) was clearly demonstrated for multiple fractures, which is much more challenging to achieve by most other methods. Further progress in modeling should enable the in-situ evaluation of heterogeneous fracture flow within reservoir core samples, as well as the clarification of the impacts of the heterogeneity on the productivity of wells and, for example, the efficiency of recovery by water-/gasflooding.
Hermine Hug-Hellmuth, the First Child Psychoanalyst: Legacy and Dilemmas
Authors: Plastow Michael 
Published: June 2011

Objective: Despite being the first psychoanalyst of children, Hermine Hug-Hellmuth's history and writings remain relatively unknown. This paper endeavours to examine the way in which the history of the psychoanalysis of children is marked by the history of its protagonists. In particular, Hug-Hellmuth's treatment of children is divided between an educational approach and a more properly psychoanalytical aspect. Her theory and practice heavily influenced the directions taken after her, in particular by Anna Freud and Melanie Klein, even if this influence is essentially unacknowledged by these authors. Conclusions: Hug-Hellmuth's contribution to the psychoanalysis of children and consequently to child psychiatry are considerable and include technical innovation with the introduction of play into the treatment of children, the elaboration of the place of the analyst in regard to the child and notably the establishment of the place of the parents in regard to the treatment of the child. It is proposed that the very duality of her approach is what allowed her to be able to distinguish the place of the parent from that of the analyst. Nonetheless, her insistence on the place of education within the treatment and its effects on later theorists continue to raise dilemmas today.
Doctors and Medical Students Case Managed by an Australian Doctors Health Program: Characteristics and Outcomes
Authors: Wile Cheryl , Frei Matthew , Jenkins Kym 
Published: June 2011

Objective: The aim of this paper is to describe the characteristics and outcomes of participants with an Australian physician health program, the Victorian Doctors Health Program (VDHP), for case management of substance use disorder (SUD) and/or significant mental illness. Method: As part of quality assurance, processes data, including demographic information, care plan components and outcomes, were analysed. Results: Between 2001 and 2008, 115 participants undertook case management plans with the VDHP. The majority (n = 71, 62%) had some involvement with the Medical Practitioners Board of Victoria (MPBV). Case management included facilitating referrals to addiction specialists, psychiatrists, counsellors and peer-based support. Ninety (78%) participants reported SUD, the remainder having mental illness (n = 25, 22%). Alcohol was the main drug reported by the SUD group (n = 44, 49%). Most of the SUD participants undertook biochemical monitoring. On commencement with the VDHP, 39 (34%) participants were on leave due to illness. The majority of participants case managed for 5 years were in medical work (n = 31, 84%). Conclusions: Case management by an independent physician health program may protect the health of the doctor and the community, and could be considered in other jurisdictions.
Acceptability of Internet Treatment of Anxiety and Depression
Authors: Gun Shih Ying , Titov Nickolai , Andrews Gavin 
Published: June 2011

Objective: The Internet is increasingly used to deliver treatment programs for common mental disorders. However, little is known about the acceptability of online interventions. The present study used an online survey to explore levels of acceptability of Internet-based treatment programs for anxiety and depression. Methods: Visitors to websites operated by the Clinical Research Unit for Anxiety and Depression (CRUfAD), were invited to complete an online questionnaire during 16 weeks in 2008. Results: Of 1543 people who began the survey, 1104 (72%) Australian health professionals and lay people completed it. Internet treatment programs for people with mild or moderate symptoms were more acceptable than programs for people with severe symptoms. There were no differences between health professionals and non-health professionals in acceptability ratings. As expected, previous users of Internet treatments reported significantly greater acceptability and preference for Internet treatments than non-users. Conclusions: Respondents rated Internet-based treatment programs as acceptable, with higher ratings from previous users. In order to facilitate implementation, program developers need to implement strategies for increasing knowledge about the efficacy and effectiveness of such programs, and engage therapists and consumers in establishing ethical and professional guidelines for their safe and responsible use.
Cellular Mechanisms of Enhanced Osteoblasts Functions via Phase‐Reversion Induced Nano/Submicron‐Grained Structure in a Low‐Ni Austenitic Stainless Steel
Authors: Misra R. Devesh K. , Girase Bhupendra , Venkata Surya Pavan K. C. , Somani Mahesh C. , Karjalainen L. Pentti 
Published: June 2011

AbstractWe elucidate here the fundamental principles underlying the modulation of osteoblasts functions in stainless steel biomedical devices achieved by nanoscale/submicron grain structure obtained through the novel concept of phase reversion in a low Ni bearing 15Cr–9Mn–1.7Cu steel. Interestingly, a comparative investigation of nano/submicron (N‐SM) and coarse‐grained (CG) structure under identical conditions indicated that cell attachment, proliferation, and viability are favorably enhanced in N‐SM grained structure and significantly different from the CG structure. These observations were further confirmed by expression levels of vinculin and associated actin cytoskeleton. Computational analysis of immunofluorescence micrographs suggested increased vinculin concentration associated with actin stress fibers in the outer regions of the cells and cellular extensions, implying enhanced cell–substrate interactions on the N‐SM grained substrate. The favorable enhancement of osteoblasts functions and cellular attachment on N‐SM grained surface is attributed to ultrafine grain size, i.e., the availability of greater open lattice in the position of high angle grain boundaries, and high hydrophilicity. The integration of cellular and molecular biology with material science and engineering as described here provides a route to modulate cellular and molecular reactions in promoting osteoinductive signaling of surface adherent cells. The end outcome of the study is that stainless steels with low Ni contents in comparison to the conventionally used bioimplant with 10–13 wt%Ni, as specially processed, exhibit desired, enhanced cell functions, and bulk properties.
Electronic Properties and Structure of Assemblies of CdSe Nanocrystal Quantum Dots and Ru‐Polypyridine Complexes Probed by Steady State and Time‐Resolved Photoluminescence
Authors: Koposov Alexey Y. , Szymanski Paul , Cardolaccia Thomas , Meyer Thomas J. , Klimov Victor I. , Sykora Milan 
Published: June 2011

AbstractChemical and electronic interactions between CdSe nanocrystal quantum dots (NQDs) and Ru‐polypyridine complexes are studied in solution. It is shown that photoluminescence (PL) can be used to effectively monitor the formation of NQD‐complex assemblies in real time. It is also shown that with the aid of Langmuir isotherm modeling, the PL studies can be used to quantitatively characterize the composition of the assemblies and the strength of electronic interactions between their components. The approach demonstrated here is general and can be applied to other systems that combine semiconductor NQDs and appropriately functionalized organometallic or organic molecules interacting with NQDs via energy transfer, charge transfer, or other mechanisms leading to quenching of NQD emission.
Vocational training courses as an intervention on change of work practice among immigrant cleaners
Authors: Jensen Flemming W. , Frydendall Karen B. , Flyvholm Mari‐Ann 
Published: June 2011

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of the study was to examine how knowledge and skills from vocational training courses on working techniques modified for immigrant cleaners are applied in practice and to identify factors that influence the implementation. The modifications of the standard course included language support with possibilities for translation and an extension of the duration of the course.MethodsThe study is a prospective intervention study based on qualitative data. Data were collected as structured interviews and observations were carried out at the workplaces before and after the course. The study population included 31 immigrant cleaners from five different workplaces.ResultsChanges were observed in the use of working techniques (i.e., positioning of hands when using the floor mop). In some cases the use of the taught techniques was incorrect, partial, or only used part of the time. Interactions between individual factors (i.e., knowledge, awareness, capability, or work orientation) and environmental factors (i.e., equipment, time, workload, or physical surroundings) influenced the use of the techniques in practice.ConclusionsThe course provided the participants with new working techniques through which some were able to reduce work related pain. However, with regard to incorrect and partial use of the working techniques, follow‐up and post‐training support is recommended. Am. J. Ind. Med. 54:872–884, 2011. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.