bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Extramedullary hematopoiesis presented as solitary renal mass: A case report with review of literature
Authors: Ahuja Shweta , Grover Geetanjali , Jha Ajay Kumar , Sodhi Kushaljit , Bansal Deepak , Dey Pranab 
Published: October 2010

AbstractIn this article, we described a case of extramedullary hematopoiesis (EMH) in a 12‐year‐old boy with the clinical and hematological features of hemolytic anemia of unknown cause. The patient presented with a solitary well circumscribed mass in right kidney. Ultrasound guided fine‐needle aspiration cytology showed myelocytes, metamyelocytes, megakaryocytes, and immature erythroid cells. A cytological diagnosis of EMH was made. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Unusual clinical presentation of cutaneous malignant melanoma metastatic to the parotid gland; Initially discovered by fine needle aspiration: Case report and review of literature
Authors: Elshenawy Yasmin , Youngberg George , Al‐Abbadi Mousa A. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractWe report a case of malignant melanoma (MM) metastatic to the parotid gland, initially discovered on fine needle aspiration (FNA). The patient presented with a mass in the parotid gland area with previous history only significant for prostatic carcinoma. The initial FNA impression was melanoma. The smears were hypercellular with bloody necrotic background. The cells were epithelioid with mild nuclear atypia. Discrete cytoplasmic pigmentation was seen. No lymphoglandular bodies were noticed. Fragments of benign salivary gland were also identified. The cytological diagnosis of MM triggered onsite thorough physical examination for potential primary, where a scalp pigmented lesion was discovered hidden by overlying covering hair. Our differential diagnosis included melanoma, metastatic carcinoma, and lymphoma. Further work up for melanoma with S100, HMB45, and Mart 1 confirmed our top differential diagnosis. We emphasize thorough physical examination in such circumstances, and the importance of onsite evaluation guiding clinicians looking for primary. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Minimizing the diagnosis of “follicular lesion of undetermined significance” and identifying predictive features for neoplasia
Authors: Jing Xin , Roh Michael H. , Knoepp Stewart M. , Zhao Lili , Michael Claire W. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractWe used proposed standard morphologic criteria as a guideline to conduct a 10‐year retrospective review of thyroid fine‐needle aspiration specimens that were originally interpreted as “follicular lesion of undetermined significance” and followed by surgical intervention. We sought to investigate whether the indeterminate diagnosis could be minimized by assessing various cytomorphologic features and identifying the features predictive of neoplasia. Using the standard morphologic criteria, we semi‐quantitatively assessed a total of 24 cytomorphologic features in 123 aspirates and recorded an overall interpretation on completion of the review. Cyto‐histologic correlation was evaluated and logistic regression model was performed to identify cytomorphologic features predictive of neoplasia. Although 32 of 123 aspirates remained in the indeterminate category, the retrospective review reclassified 64 aspirates as non‐neoplasia and 27 aspirates as neoplasia. Histologic confirmation was achieved in 47 (73.4%) non‐neoplastic and 15 (55.6%) neoplastic aspirates with a diagnostic accuracy of 68.1%. Furthermore, our analysis demonstrated that neoplasia is positively associated with the presence of syncytial tissue fragments, isolated microfollicles, follicles with scalloped borders, scant cytoplasm, irregular nuclear membranes, nuclear overlapping, coarse chromatin, and increased cellularity. On the contrary, the presence of honeycombing tissue fragments, background colloid, and histiocytes inversely correlated with neoplasia.Overall, using proposed standard morphological criteria can minimize the diagnosis of “follicular lesion of undetermined significance,” and allow for more accurate cyto‐histologic correlation, and thereby playing a substantial role in reducing unnecessary surgical intervention. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A comparative study of 200 head and neck FNAs performed by a cytopathologist with versus without ultrasound guidance: Evidence for improved diagnostic value with ultrasound guidance
Authors: Wu Maoxin 
Published: October 2010

AbstractOur previous study showed that the sensitivity of head and neck fine‐needle aspiration (FNA) procedures was significantly better in the cytopathologist‐performed group than in the noncytopathologist‐performed group (96 versus 67%). Recently, cytopathologists have learned to use ultrasound machines to assist them in performing FNA procedures. This study was designed to assess whether cytopathologist‐performed FNAs with ultrasound guidance can improve diagnostic value in comparison to those done without ultrasound guidance. Two hundred consecutive head and neck FNA cases performed by the same cytopathologist with and without ultrasound guidance were reviewed. Cases consisted of 100 ultrasound‐guided FNAs (USGFNAs) performed between July 2008 and March 2009 and 100 palpation‐guided FNAs (PGFNAs) performed before July 2008. These cases were correlated with follow‐up surgical diagnosis. The diagnostic, suspicious/atypical/suggestive, and nondiagnostic rates (%) for the head and neck FNAs were 83 versus 86, 10 versus 13, and 7 versus 1 in PGFNA group versus USGFNA group, respectively. Surgical follow‐up specimens were found in 50 PGFNAs versus 35 USGFNAs. The true‐positive, true‐negative, false‐positive, and false‐negative rates (%) were 92, 2, 2, and 4 versus 80, 17, 3, and 0 in PGFNAs versus USGFNAs, respectively. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), and accuracy were 96, 50, 98, 33, and 94% in PGFNAs versus 100, 86, 97, 100, and 97% in the USGFNA group, respectively. This study also shows increased FNAs of thyroid and salivary glands and other smaller nonpalpable lesions with ultrasound guidance. USGFNAs performed by a cytopathologist could significantly improve the specificity and NPV (P = 0.04) while preserving virtually the same excellent sensitivity and PPV as those of PGFNAs. With ultrasound guidance, a cytopathologist will be able to perform FNAs in smaller, nonpalpable lesions and target complex lesions with confidence and accuracy, thus achieving a better outcome. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Added value, decreased cost: The evolving role of the cytotechnologist for preliminary screening and triage of thyroid aspirates
Authors: Wotruba Angelean L. , Stewart Jimmie , Scheberl Thomas , Selvaggi Suzanne M. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractImmediate adequacy assessment for thyroid fine‐needle aspirations (FNAs) is standard practice in many cytopathology laboratories. A pathologist is usually present for these time consuming assessments. The purpose of this 5 month study (January 2008–May 2008) was to show that cytotechnologists can accurately provide the majority of immediate adequacy assessments for thyroid FNAs, saving both time and money for pathologists, clinicians, and patients. The study consisted of 167 thyroid nodule FNAs performed in twice weekly thyroid FNA clinics. A comparison was made of the immediate assessments by five participating cytotechnologists and the preliminary and final diagnoses by three pathologists. The cytotechnologist prepared the slides, assessed the air‐dried Hema‐Diff™ stained slides for adequacy, and the pathologist viewed the slides remotely via real‐time video streaming. Results were recorded in an Excel spreadsheet. There was a discordance rate of 1.2% when comparing the cytotechnologist's adequacy interpretation and the pathologist's preliminary diagnosis; both clinically insignificant. By cytotechnologist assessment, 79.0% of the cases were benign and 6.6% were nondiagnostic. 14.4% of the cases were assessed as cellular nodule or neoplastic lesion; all requiring pathologist's preliminary diagnosis. Utilizing a cytotechnologist to provide adequacy, instead of a pathologist, saved $464.10/case (2.38 passes/case) based on current gross technical and professional charges. On the basis of our findings, cytotechnologists can accurately provide immediate onsite adequacy assessments for thyroid nodule FNAs. Affording cytotechnologists the opportunity to preliminarily assess FNAs for adequacy also creates a new role in the laboratory. Furthermore, cost‐savings are realized for patients and the health care system. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2011. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Clinicopathological study of Papanicolaou (Pap) smears for diagnosing of cervical infections
Authors: Bukhari Mulazim Hussain , Majeed Mudassar , Qamar Samina , Niazi Shahida , Syed Sadaf Zahra , Yusuf Ahmed Wasim , Yusuf Noshin Wasim 
Published: October 2010

AbstractCervical infections are not uncommon in our population especially in young and sexually active women. One thousand samples of married women, aged between 20 and 70 years, were studied by conventional Papanicolaou smears. These samples were examined in the Department of Pathology, King Edward Medical University, Lahore from January 2007 to June 2009. Only cases without (pre)neoplastic cytology were included. Six types of infections were diagnosed cytologically. The overall frequency of normal, inadequate, neoplastic, and infective smears was 50%, 1.8%, 10.2%, and 38.3%, respectively. Most of the patients (67%) were in the reproductive age group with mean age 34.7 ± 2.6 years. The commonest clinical sign seen in 354/383 (92%) cases and symptom in (349/383; 91%) cases were vaginal discharge and pruritis vulvae. Among the infective smears, 290 cases (75.7%), the cytologic diagnosis was nonspecific inflammation. Most of these 290 smears contained clue cells (indicating Gardnerella infection) and a lack of lactobacilli. Such smears are predominant in patients suffering from bacterial vaginosis (BV). Twenty‐eight smears (7.3%) were positive for Trichomonas vaginalis, 27 cases (7%) were smears with koilocytic change pathognomonic of human papilloma virus infection. Twenty‐five smears (6.5%) were positive for fungal infection. Seven cases (1.8%) were diagnosed as herpes simplex virus infection. Finally, there were six cases (1.5%) with atrophic vaginitis. We conclude that the cervical smear is well suited for diagnosing cervical infections. It is clear that Gardnerella, known to be associated with bacterial vaginosis, is a major problem in our Pakistani population. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2012. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Cytology of a giant adult‐type rhabdomyoma of the tongue
Authors: Etit Demet , Bayol Umit , Cumurcu Suheyla , Erdogan Isin , Tan Ayca 
Published: October 2010

AbstractAdult rhabdomyoma is a rare primary benign tumour of striated muscle origin that almost exclusively presents in the head and neck region with predilection for male. We herein report a case of an adult rhabdomyoma in a 67‐year‐old male with cytologic features. The lesions was located in the tongue extended to the left parapharyngeal region. We discuss the cytological findings with a brief review of the literature on this entity. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Expression and activation of ephexin is altered after spinal cord injury
Authors: Rosas Odrick R. , Figueroa Johnny D. , Torrado Aranza I. , Rivera Mónica , Santiago José M. , Konig‐Toro Franchesca , Miranda Jorge D. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractFailure of axon regeneration after traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) is attributable in part to the presence of inhibitory molecular interactions. Recent evidence demonstrates that activation of Eph signaling pathways leads to modulation of growth cone dynamics and repulsion through the activation of ephexin, a novel guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF). However, little is known about the expression and modulation of Eph molecular targets in the injured spinal cord. In this study, we determined the expression profile of ephexin after a moderate spinal cord contusion at thoracic level (T10) in young adult rats. Western‐blot studies showed increased protein expression in injured rats at 4 and 7 days postinjury (DPI) when compared with control animals. The protein levels returned to normal at 14 DPI and remained steady until 28 DPI. However, immunoprecipitation studies of the phosphorylated ephexin demonstrated that this protein is activated by day 2 until 14 DPI. Expression of ephexin was noticeable in neurons, axons, microglia/macrophages, and reactive astrocytes, and co‐localized with EphA3, A4, and A7. These results demonstrate the presence of ephexin in the adult spinal cord and its activation after SCI. Therefore, we show, for the first time, the spatiotemporal pattern of ephexin expression and activation after contusive SCI. Collectively, our data support our previous findings on the putative nonpermissive roles of Eph receptors after SCI and the possible involvement of ephexin in the intracellular cascade of events. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Develop Neurobiol 71: 595–607, 2011
Approximation of generalized Stokes problems using dual‐mixed finite elements without enrichment
Authors: Howell Jason S. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractIn this work a finite element method for a dual‐mixed approximation of generalized Stokes problems in two or three space dimensions is studied. A variational formulation of the generalized Stokes problems is accomplished through the introduction of the pseudostress and the trace‐free velocity gradient as unknowns, yielding a twofold saddle point problem. The method avoids the explicit computation of the pressure, which can be recovered through a simple post‐processing technique. Compared with an existing approach for the same problem, the method presented here reduces the global number of degrees of freedom by up to one‐third in two space dimensions. The method presented here also represents a connection between existing dual‐mixed and pseudostress methods for Stokes problems. Existence, uniqueness, and error results for the generalized Stokes problems are given, and numerical experiments that illustrate the theoretical results are presented. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Runoff in two semi‐arid watersheds in a geoarcheological context: A case study of Naga, Sudan, and Resafa, Syria
Authors: Berking Jonas , Beckers Brian , Schütt Brigitta 
Published: October 2010

AbstractThis study is a geoarcheological approach to compare two ancient cities, focusing on the relation of their present water availability to their past water‐storage volumes. The first is the Meroitic city of Naga in the dry savanna of Sudan, where around the turn from Before the Common Era (B.C.E.) to the Common Era (C.E.), the citizens built the “Great Hafir” with a capacity of 45 × 103m3to collect surface runoff. The second city is Resafa in the desert steppe of Syria, where, around 300 years C.E., the Romans built large cisterns with a total capacity of 21 × 103m3to store surface water. We aim to evaluate the physical catchment characters of two semi‐arid watersheds and their present‐day water availability by applying the rainfall‐runoff model HEC HMS. The main input is contemporary rainfall data, classified through a magnitude‐frequency analysis to determine rainfall intensity of one‐hour events. This analysis suggests that the water reservoirs of each now long‐abandoned city would be completely filled by a 35.9mm h−1rain event in the Resafa basin and a 39.1mm h−1rain event in the basin of the Great Hafir. Such events occur nearly annually, which in turn implies that water harvesting in the two semi‐arid regions would still be feasible today. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Using paleoshoreline and site location modeling in the northern great lakes: Geoarchaeological approaches to prehistoric archaeological survey in the Pictured Rocks National Lakeshore
Authors: Legg Robert J. , Anderton John B. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractArchaeologists commonly utilize spatial technologies to determine the occurrence probability of archaeological sites over large areas. Heavily forested areas of the northern Great Lakes have proven to be especially difficult places to carry out archaeological surveys. In this study, paleoshoreline mapping and site location analysis was used to develop a predictive model to identify likely prehistoric site locations from the Archaic Period in the Pictured Rocks National Lakeshore. Field survey efforts targeted locations where modeling efforts indicated high site probability, discovering 23 new prehistoric sites within this National Lakeshore. Based on associations with Nipissing Phase (mid‐Holocene age) paleoshorelines, the presence of distinct lithic artifact technologies, paired with limited radiometric dating, the newly found sites are thought to be Late Archaic in cultural affiliation. Analysis of site settings indicates a preference for lagoon, barrier, and estuarine environments. The application of these spatial technologies demonstrates a targeted yet successful approach to field archaeology with limited field time and expansive areas. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A strategy for distinguishing optimal cancer subtypes
Authors: Begg Colin B. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractMuch attention is directed currently to identifying subtypes of cancers that are genetically and clinically distinct. The expectation is that subtyping on the basis of somatic genomic characteristics will supplant traditional pathological subtypes with respect to relevance for targeted therapies and clinical course. Less attention has been paid to the goal of validating subtypes on the basis of the distinctiveness of their etiologies. In this article it is shown that studies of individuals with double primary malignancies provide uniquely valuable information for establishing the etiologic distinctiveness of candidate tumor subtypes. Studies of double primaries have the potential to definitively rank candidate taxonomic systems with respect to their etiological relevance by determining which subtypes are most highly correlated in the double primaries. The concept is illustrated with data from studies of the concordance of estrogen and progestin status in bilateral breast cancers, where it is shown that double primaries are much more likely to be concordant with respect to estrogen receptor (ER) status than for PR status. The high concordance of ER status is consistent with a growing literature demonstrating the etiologic distinctiveness of ER+ and ER− tumors.
Overexpression of SOCS3 exhibits preclinical antitumor activity against malignant pleural mesothelioma
Authors: Iwahori Kota , Serada Satoshi , Fujimoto Minoru , Nomura Shintaro , Osaki Tadashi , Lee Chun Man , Mizuguchi Hiroyuki , Takahashi Tsuyoshi , Ripley Barry , Okumura Meinoshin , Kawase Ichiro , Kishimoto Tadamitsu , Naka Tetsuji 
Published: October 2010

AbstractMalignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is an aggressive tumor with poor prognosis for which an effective therapy remains to be established. Our study investigated the therapeutic potential of the suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 (SOCS3), an endogenous inhibitor of intracellular signaling pathways, for treatment of MPM. We infected MPM cells (H226, EHMES‐1, MESO‐1 and MESO‐4) with an adenovirus‐expressing SOCS3 (AdSOCS3) to examine the effect of SOCS3 overexpression on MPM cells. SOCS3 overexpression reduced MPM proliferation and induced apoptosis and partial G0/G1 arrest. SOCS3 also inhibited the proliferation of MPM cells via multiple signaling pathways including Janus kinase (JAK)/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), extracellular signal‐regulated kinase (ERK), focal adhesion kinase (FAK) and p53 pathways. Notably, AdSOCS3 treatment inhibited tumor growth in an MPM pleural xenograft model. These findings demonstrate that overexpression of SOCS3 has a potent antitumor effect against MPM both in vitro and in vivo and indicate the potential for clinical use of SOCS3 for MPM treatment.
Endometriosis as a prognostic factor for cancer survival
Authors: Melin A. , Lundholm C. , Malki N. , Swahn M.‐L. , Sparen P. , Bergqvist A. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractStudies have shown an increased risk of malignancies in women with endometriosis. Little is known about the impact of endometriosis on cancer survival. We investigated whether the survival after a diagnosis of a malignancy differs in women with a previously diagnosed endometriosis compared to other women. Women with a first time diagnosis of a malignancy in 1969–2005, were identified using the National Swedish Cancer Register (NSCR). By use of the National Swedish Patient Register (NSPR) we identified all women with a diagnosis of endometriosis during the same period and linked these patients with the data from the NSCR. The cohort comprised 4,278 women with endometriosis and a malignancy, and 41,831 randomly selected matched women without endometriosis. Cox regression was used for all calculations to obtain crude and adjusted cause specific mortality rates, measured as hazard ratios (HR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). A total of 46,109 women entered the study. There was a statistically significant better survival for women with endometriosis for all malignancies combined (HR = 0.92) and for breast cancer (HR = 0.86) and ovarian cancer (HR = 0.81) specifically. For breast cancer the survival enhancing effect in women with endometriosis decreased with increasing parity. There was poorer survival in malignant melanoma for women with endometriosis (HR = 1.52). The survival in a malignancy is better in women with a previously diagnosed endometriosis compared to women without endometriosis especially for breast and ovarian cancers. The prognosis of malignant melanoma is poorer in women with endometriosis.
Adenocarcinoma in situ and associated human papillomavirus type distribution observed in two clinical trials of a quadrivalent human papillomavirus vaccine
Authors: Ault Kevin A. , Joura Elmar A. , Kjaer Susanne K. , Iversen Ole‐Erik , Wheeler Cosette M. , Perez Gonzalo , Brown Darron R. , Koutsky Laura A. , Garland Suzanne M. , Olsson Sven‐Eric , Tang Grace W.K. , Ferris Daron G. , Paavonen Jorma , Steben Marc , Bosch F. Xavier , Majewski Slawomir , Muñoz Nubia , Sings Heather L. , Harkins Kathy , Rutkowski Mary Anne , Haupt Richard M. , Garner Elizabeth I.O. ,   for the FUTURE I and II Study Group
Published: October 2010

AbstractThe primary objective of this report is to describe the detection of adenocarcinoma in situ (AIS) and associated human papillomavirus (HPV) type distribution that was observed in the context of two phase 3 clinical trials of a quadrivalent HPV6/11/16/18 vaccine. In this intention‐to‐treat analysis, we include all women who had at least one follow‐up visit postenrollment. Healthy women (17,622) aged 15–26 with no history of HPV disease and a lifetime number of less than five sex partners (average follow‐up of 3.6 years) were randomized (1:1) to receive vaccine or placebo at day 1, months 2, and 6. Women underwent colposcopy and biopsy according to a Papanicolaou triage algorithm. All tissue specimens were tested for 14 HPV types and were adjudicated by a pathology panel. During the trials, 22 women were diagnosed with AIS (six vaccine and 16 placebo). There were 25 AIS lesions in total, with HPV16/18 present in 96% (24 of 25 with 15 of 25 as single infections). Only two of 22 women had concomitant cytology results suggesting glandular abnormality. Colposcopic impressions (25 total) were either negative or indicated squamous lesions only. Of women with AIS, all six in the vaccine cohort and seven of 16 in the placebo cohort were infected at baseline with the same HPV type that was detected in the AIS lesion. Concurrent squamous lesions were detected in 20 of these 22 women. In summary, our findings show that AIS evades colposcopic and cervical cytologic detection. As most AIS lesions were HPV16/18‐related, prophylactic HPV vaccination should reduce the incidence of invasive adenocarcinoma.