bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bulk Photovoltaic Effect Induced by Non‐Covalent Interactions in Bilayered Hybrid Perovskite for Efficient Passive X‐Ray Detection
Authors: Fu Dongying , Zhang Yue , Chen Zhuo , Pan Lin , He Yueyue , Luo Junhua 
Published: May 2024

AbstractHydrogen bonding as a multifunctional tool has always influenced the structure of hybrid perovskites. Compared with the research on hydrogen bonding, the study of halogen‐halogen interactions on the structure and properties of hybrid perovskites is still in its early stages. Herein, a polar bilayered hybrid perovskite (IEA)2FAPb2I7 (IEA+ is 2‐iodoethyl‐1‐ammonium, FA is formamidinium) with iodine‐substituted spacer is successfully constructed by changing the configuration of interlayer cations and regulating non‐covalent interactions at the organic–inorganic interface, which shows a shorter interlayer spacing and higher density (ρ = 3.862 g cm−3). The generation of structure polarity in (IEA)2FAPb2I7 is caused by the synergistic effect of hydrogen bonding and halogen‐halogen interactions. Especially, as the length of the carbon chain in organic cations decreases, the I‐‐‐I interaction in the system gradually strengthens, which may be the main reason for the symmetry‐breaking. Polarity‐induced bulk photovoltaics (Voc = 1.0 V) and higher density endow the device based on (I‐EA)2FAPb2I7 exhibit a high sensitivity of 175.6 µC Gy−1 cm−2 and an ultralow detection limit of 60.4 nGy s−1 at 0 V bias under X‐ray irradiation. The results present a facile approach for designing polar multifunctional hybrid perovskites, also providing useful assistance for future research on halogen‐halogen interactions.
Extensive intraocular melanoma with secondary glaucoma in a 15‐month‐old Thoroughbred filly
Authors: Pereira Regina , Gillespie Stephanie , Rapezzano Giulia , Withers Jonathan , Duz Marco , Foote Alastair 
Published: May 2024

AbstractA 15‐month‐old, grey, Thoroughbred filly presented for investigation of a 6‐week history of corneal oedema and blepharospasm on the right eye (OD). The filly was otherwise healthy. Following ophthalmic examination, glaucoma on the OD was diagnosed. A space occupying mass within the anterior chamber was documented on transpalpebral ultrasonographic examination. This mass obliterated most of the anterior intraocular structures on the peripheral nasal side (corneal endothelium and drainage angle), leading to secondary glaucoma. After systemic and topical treatment addressing secondary glaucoma, the corneal oedema reduced. The mass was visualised as an irregularly rounded brown structure associated with the iris on the peripheral nasal side of the anterior chamber. Given the filly's signalment, location and appearance of the mass, a tentative diagnosis of intraocular melanoma was made and enucleation was performed. Histopathological evaluation of the globe revealed solid sheets of heavily pigmented melanocytic cells, disrupting the normal ciliary body architecture and extending into the iris and subretinal. The cells were pleomorphic, polyhedral to round with occasional spindle‐shaped cells, and contained moderate to large amounts of granular black‐brown pigment (melanin). The iridal component expanded into the anterior chamber, with cells directly opposed to Descemet's membrane, with loss of the endothelium and expanding and occluding the filtration angle in this area. The lesion infiltrated locally into the edge of the sclera, but did not extend through the sclera, though occasional perivascular clusters of melanophages were observed within the scleral stroma adjacent to the optic nerve. Diagnosis of a uveal melanocytic neoplasm was confirmed, with characteristics similar to only one reported case . This is a unique case of a rapidly growing, invasive, uveal melanoma in a young horse. Intraocular melanoma should be considered as a differential diagnoses for glaucoma in grey horses, regardless of the age and absence of melanocytic skin lesions.
Polyvinylpyrrolidone‐functionalized graphene oxide as a nanocarrier for dual‐drug delivery of quercetin and curcumin against HeLa cancer cells
Authors: Rana Anita , Matiyani Monika , Negi Pushpa Bhakuni , Tiwari Himani , Garwal Kamal , Basak Souvik , Sahoo Nanda Gopal 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis study is to develop a nanocarrier based on polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP)‐functionalized graphene oxide (GO–PVP), loaded with both curcumin (CUR) and quercetin (QSR), and then its performance compared with nanocarriers carrying the drugs separately. The study also aimed to investigate the cytotoxic effects of these nanocarriers on HeLa cancer cells. To achieve this, GO was synthesized using a modified version of Hummer's method and subsequently functionalized with PVP. Drug loading onto the GO and GO–PVP nanocarriers was achieved through hydrophobic interactions. Furthermore, the ability of the nanocarriers to accommodate a single drug or a combination of drugs was examined. In our study, combined system shows higher drug loading, that is, 28.1% of QSR and 24.34% of CUR onto GO–PVP–QSR–CUR nanocarrier in comparison to single drug nanocarrier systems GO–PVP–QSR and GO–PVP–CUR which loaded 22.5% of QSR and 18.73% of CUR, respectively. Notably, the synthesized nanocarrier exhibited a pH‐sensitive drug release pattern. These results collectively suggest that GO–PVP–CUR–QSR displayed significantly higher cytotoxicity against HeLa cancer cells compared to both single‐drug nanocarrier systems at the specified concentrations. In addition, future pre‐clinical and clinical studies to evaluate the safety and efficacy of GO–PVP–CUR–QSR for cancer treatment are strongly recommended.Highlights
Developed nanocarrier based on polyvinylpyrrolidone functionalized GO (GO–PVP).
The GO–PVP nanocarrier was loaded with both curcumin (CUR) and quercetin (QSR).
GO–PVP displays a higher loading capacity for both QSR and CUR compared to GO.
QSR‐ and CUR‐loaded GO–PVP nanocarriers exhibited higher cytotoxic effects.
Effect of medical mask on voice in patients with dysphonia
Authors: Su Jing‐Lin , Kang Jing , Ren Qin‐Yi , Zhu Zhi‐Xian , Zhang Si‐Yi , Ge Ping‐Jiang 
Published: May 2024

AbstractObjectiveMedical masks have been shown to significantly influence speech communication in healthy people. The effect of mask‐wearing on phonatory capability and daily communication exchanges in patients with voice disorders remains unclear. To evaluate the effect of the medical mask on acoustic parameters in patients with a voice disorder, we measured the voice frequency, quality, and intensity.MethodsThirty‐three healthy and 44 voice disorder patients were involved in this study, including 27 patients with vocal‐fold lesions and 17 with primary functional dysphonia. Perceptual evaluation and acoustic parameters, including F0 (fundamental frequency), jitter, shimmer, and maximum vocal intensity, were analyzed without and with medical masks.ResultsWith medical mask‐wearing, the maximum vocal intensity significantly decreased in all patients with voice disorders (p < 0.05), especially in patients with lesions of vocal folds (p < 0.05) and functional dysphonia (p < 0.05). The perceptual evaluation roughness scales also increased in patients with lesions of vocal folds (p < 0.05) and functional dysphonia (p < 0.05) with mask‐wearing. There were no significant effects of mask‐wearing on acoustic parameters for healthy participants.ConclusionsThe intensity was influenced when wearing medical masks in patients with disordered voices. The voice perceptual roughness scales also significantly increased compared to those without medical masks.
Breaking the spell: Changes in the behavior of two zoo‐kept tigers (Panthera tigris) after exposure to a distinct feast‐and‐fast feeding regime
Authors: Seyrling Isabel , Clauss Marcus , Dierkes Paul Wilhelm , Burger‐Schulz Anna Lena 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe behavior of zoo carnivores has received intense attention due to their propensity for locomotor stereotypies. We observed two adult male tiger (Panthera tigris) siblings kept together for the duration of 104 days by round‐the‐clock video observation. The period consisted of three baseline periods with the zoo's regular feeding regime of five feeding days per week interrupted by two individual fasting days, with feeding occurring in the evening (B1–B3 of 14 days each). These periods were interrupted by two intervention periods (I1: randomized feeding times, 28 days; I2: gorge‐feeding with three 10‐day fasting periods, 34 days). As expected, day and night‐time behavior was different, with the majority of sleep occurring at night. Pacing, which was mainly considered anticipatory, significantly decreased from 88 ± 132 min/day during B1 to 20 ± 33 min/day during B3. Pacing did not increase during the fasting days of I2. Over the course of whole study, lying time decreased and nonpacing locomotion increased. A major difference was observed between gorge‐feeding and the subsequent first fasting days: during gorge‐feeding, tigers spent a large part of the day feeding and locomoting (and less sleeping); on the subsequent day, they locomoted about 4.5 h less and slept about 4.3 h more. We suggest that interrupting routines by fasting periods of several days may be effective for reducing regular anticipatory behavior and creates an across‐day structure that may correspond to the evolved psychological disposition of large carnivores.
Deliberating the Conditions for Implementing the Barnahus Model: Knowledge Drawn from an Institutional Analysis
Authors: Bakketeig Elisiv , Johansson Susanna , Kaldal Anna , Stefansen Kari 
Published: May 2024

AbstractReferring to the PROMISE network’s European Barnahus quality standards, this concluding chapter further explores the institutional tensions identified in the previous chapters. Although these standards are important for securing the Barnahus model’s authenticity in the ongoing diffusion, they do not sufficiently address the possible tensions and dilemmas involved. We argue that if the Barnahus model is to reach its full potential, challenges must be identified in order to develop ways to solve them in relation to the various national systems where the model is implemented. Otherwise, the Barnahus model may not reach its full potential within different national contexts, since governments may use the model mainly as a symbol that something is being done instead of a source for more fundamental systemic changes.
Cultures of Appropriation: Rock Art Ownership, Indigenous Intellectual Property, and Decolonisation
Authors: Hampson Jamie , Challis Sam 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBoth on and off the rocks, it is clear that many pictographs and petroglyphs are powerful cultural and social ‘tools’ as well as sacred beings. Indeed, in certain regions of many countries, cultural and socio-political identity is shaped, manipulated, and presented through rock paintings and engravings. In this chapter, we focus on re-contextualised and appropriated Indigenous heritage and rock art motifs, in commercial settings, in sports team mascots, and as integral components of political and national symbols—there are illuminating similarities (as well as differences) that span the globe. Case studies include instances where descendants of the original artists have re-imagined and adapted the meanings and uses of motifs, and also where non-Indigenous/non-descendant groups have appropriated rock art imagery—often without consultation with or permission from Traditional Owners and heritage managers. We offer results from fieldwork and study in North America, northern Australia, and southern Africa.
Slow Science But Fast Forward: The Political Economy of Rock Art Research in A Globalized World
Authors: Conkey Margaret W. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThere is no doubt that the past decades have brought exciting and novel understandings about geographic distributions, chronologies and analytical methods to the studies of rock art. Even from the lurch into the twenty-first century, this has been a fast forward: increasing confirmations of early image-making in Australia and other places; successful application of a new dating method to reveal previously unimagined figurative images in very deep time in Borneo; a proliferation of rock art knowledge and research; and expanded and inter-connected communities of researchers are just a few among many examples of fast-breaking news for the field. But at the same time, some of the practices that are decried by the arena of “slow science” are still with us and have, perhaps, precisely as part of the “globalization” of rock art research, become more entrenched by those who consider the field to be more competitive than collaborative, still motivated by the pull of “origins” research and claims, and the lack of retractions when, indeed, a need for such is at hand and for the betterment of the field. Slow science promotes time to think, rather than haste to get out the big next “scoop”; it promotes the reminder that we are enmeshed more than ever in broader social interests, human experiences and human needs, and for a more lasting and even an ethical science, racing ahead is deeply problematic. This chapter will explore the issues implicated by the fast-moving world with its dampening of local knowledges and alienations of non-experts as is situated in rock art research and the benefits/mandates of what slow science can bring to the field. In fact, I will suggest that rock art research is an ideal field for advancing the benefits and the power of slow science.
Societal Transformation: Transformation Research, Transformational Research, Research Transformation: A Novel Framework from RWTH Aachen University
Authors: Letmathe Peter , Paegert Maren , Roll Christine , Balleer Almut , Böschen Stefan , Breuer Wolfgang , Förster Agnes , Gramelsberger Gabriele , Greiff Kathrin , Häußling Roger , Lemme Max , Leuchner Michael , Piller Frank , Seefried Elke , Wahlbrink Thorsten 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe global environmental crisis, technological developments, the COVID-19 pandemic, and ongoing economic and political globalization are just a few of the developments that are massively increasing the pressure for transformation on regions, companies, and society as a whole. In addition, the digital age is accelerating transformation processes that are already underway. This introductory article addresses these developments and presents a new framework for transformation research and practice that has been developed and already validated by researchers of the RWTH Aachen University. The RWTH way includes inter- and transdisciplinary approaches from many disciplines, looking at technological and societal change from different perspectives. A distinction is made between analysis, i.e. research on understanding societal transformation processes, impact, i.e. transformational research that aims at real-world impacts, and research transformation, i.e. paradigm changes in research methods and processes that increase the degree of innovation and the impact of research.
Transdisciplinary Development of Neuromorphic Computing Hardware for Artificial Intelligence Applications: Technological, Economic, Societal, and Environmental Dimensions of Transformation in the NeuroSys Cluster4Future
Authors: Smolka Mareike , Stoepel Lennart , Quill Jasmin , Wahlbrink Thorsten , Floehr Julia , Böschen Stefan , Letmathe Peter , Lemme Max 
Published: May 2024

AbstractArtificial Intelligence (AI) promises economic growth and solutions to global problems but also raises societal concerns. Training AI models has a big carbon footprint due to data processing in fossil-fuel-reliant data centers. If the data centers are outside the European legal space, data processing incurs privacy risks. Besides, reliance on AI aggravates Europe’s dependence on non-European chipmakers, whose supply chains can be disrupted. To address such concerns, NeuroSys develops energy-efficient neuromorphic hardware tailored to AI applications that protect privacy by processing data locally. NeuroSys aims to build a chip plant near Aachen in Germany to support Europe’s technological sovereignty. This depends on an innovation ecosystem where socio-technical transformations emerge in transdisciplinary collaboration. This chapter introduces NeuroSys as a testbed for studying how transformation research can contribute to the sustainability and trustworthiness of AI Made in Europe.
Organizational Transformation: A Management Research Perspective
Authors: Christou Ester , Piller Frank 
Published: May 2024

AbstractOrganizational transformation is a complex and multifaceted process that involves a fundamental change in the way an organization operates and delivers value to its stakeholders. It can be triggered by a variety of internal and external forces, such as technological change, shifts in the competitive landscape, or changes in market demand. To successfully manage organizational change, organizations must be able to adapt and respond to changing circumstances in a proactive and strategic manner. This chapter reviews important concepts and theories of organizational change from the perspective of management research and examines selected theories and frameworks that have been developed to understand and manage organizational change. Overall, this chapter provides insights and lessons for practitioners and researchers alike. It aims to help readers understand the complexities and challenges of organizational transformation, but also to provide an overview of strategies and approaches to successfully navigate a transformation process.
Sustainability, the Green Transition, and Greenwashing: An Overview for Research and Practice
Authors: Breuer Wolfgang , Hass Manuel , Knetsch Andreas , Seefried Elke 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAgainst the backdrop of increasing regulatory and societal pressure on firms to transition their activities toward more ecological sustainability, our contribution examines the role of greenwashing in corporate communication. We introduce the reader to current regulations, developments, and practices in the area of sustainability reporting. We also provide guidance for practitioners and researchers on how to detect greenwashing in single instances of communication as well as in large samples of firm-level observations. We then go on to summarize the existing evidence that greenwashing holds predominantly negative consequences for firms. We also explore potential motives behind the practice of greenwashing. Finally, we provide guidelines for firms on their communication strategies and how to avoid unintentionally misleading their stakeholders and being accused of greenwashing. Transparency along a firm’s entire supply chain is key in this regard, and digital innovations—such as blockchain—might prove to be integral tools for combatting the practice of greenwashing.
Corporate Social Responsibility—Conscious Investing and Green Transformation
Authors: Breuer Wolfgang , Knetsch Andreas , Ostojic Suzana , Traverso Marzia , Uddin Sami 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIn the first part of this chapter, we introduce the reader to the concept of corporate social responsibility. We outline different underlying motivations of CSR for a firm. Furthermore, we elaborate on different channels through which CSR is linked to the maximization of firm value. Specifically, we examine the impact of CSR on firm valuation through future cash flows and the required expected rates of returns. In the second part, we introduce the EU taxonomy as a possible solution towards the problem of evaluating firms’ CSR performance. The EU taxonomy is aimed to channel investments towards sustainable opportunities by ensuring transparency about firms’ environmental performance. We also explain its practical relevance, limitations, and future developments. Overall, we emphasize the role of unified efforts in green transformation.
Transformation Towards a Sustainable Regional Bioeconomy—A Monitoring Approach
Authors: Venghaus Sandra , Stark Sascha , Hilgert Pia 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe concept of the sustainable bioeconomy aims to ensure the well-being of both current and future generations while staying within environmental boundaries. However, achieving this goal will require significant changes to existing resource systems, business models, governance systems, and more. Current approaches to monitoring the transformation towards a sustainable bioeconomy lack a regional perspective that incorporates all three sustainability dimensions. To address this gap, we aim to provide an integrated evaluative framework for assessing regional transformation processes towards a bioeconomy. The recent decision to phase-out coal power in Germany presents a unique opportunity to understand the socio-technical dynamics and implementation options for the transformation to a sustainable bioeconomy region in the current lignite-mining region “Rheinisches Revier”.
Wreck Sites as Systems Disrupted by Trawling
Authors: Majcher Jan , Quinn Rory , Andersen Gert Normann , Gregory David 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis chapter examines the effects of bottom trawling on shipwreck sites, conceptualising them as process-response systems that achieve a quasi-equilibrium state over time. Disruptions to this state by bottom-contact fishing gear are analysed through examples from recent geophysical surveys in the Irish, Baltic, and North Seas. The study highlights the capabilities and limitations of modern geophysical methods in detecting changes at underwater archaeological sites caused by bottom trawling. Specifically, it addresses the challenges of identifying evidence of disturbance on dynamic seabeds and suggests that detailed analysis of wreck distribution might provide indirect proxies of structural damage due to trawling activities. Furthermore, it emphasises the potential of these disturbances to mobilise hazardous materials, such as unexploded ordnance and fuel from modern shipwrecks, posing an added environmental risk. Acknowledging existing knowledge gaps in the understanding of trawling impacts on underwater cultural heritage and the marine environment, the authors call for more case study research .
Underwater Cultural Heritage and Fishing Communities: Safeguarding Heritage and Safeguarding Fishers
Authors: Ferrari Benjamin , Firth Antony , Gregory David , Sanger Louise 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis paper proposes that three elements are required in order to develop a fit-for purpose management regime to protect underwater cultural heritage (UCH) from negative impacts caused by some fishing gear: evidence-based characterisation of impacts; understanding of the pressures and constraints acting upon fishing communities; and commitment to engagement with fishers and industry associations. In addition, strategies for protection of UCH from fishing and other hazards cannot be developed in isolation from existing marine management regimes. This challenge of integration and alignment with broader stewardship of complex marine systems is set to grow more difficult as industrial activity grows, competition for resources intensifies, and governments and agencies seek to exert new levels of control over larger areas of ocean.