bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The role of statistics in the analysis of ecosystem services
Authors: Smith R. I. , Dick J. McP. , Scott E. M. 
Published: April 2011

AbstractOperationalising the holistic approach implicit in an ecosystem services assessment is a challenge, incorporating social and economic considerations alongside the physical, chemical and biological function of ecosystems. The paper considers the role of statistics within a range of frameworks proposed for the analysis of ecosystem services. The use of different statistical techniques within the component parts of an ecosystem services assessment framework are discussed, including (1) data availability and sampling strategies, (2) statistical data analysis, (3) geography and spatial models, (4) meta‐analysis, (5) environmental models, (6) societal models, (7) feedbacks and loop analysis, and (8) graphical models including Bayesian belief networks. Issues of value and the potential for a statistical contribution to multivariate non‐monetary valuation are considered. We argue that statistics has an underpinning role by providing tools to link together the component elements along with their uncertainties for a thorough ecosystem services assessment, and should be an integral part of this developing inter‐disciplinary research area. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Enhanced visual functioning in autism: An ALE meta‐analysis
Authors: Samson Fabienne , Mottron Laurent , Soulières Isabelle , Zeffiro Thomas A. 
Published: April 2011

AbstractAutistics often exhibit enhanced perceptual abilities when engaged in visual search, visual discrimination, and embedded figure detection. In similar fashion, while performing a range of perceptual or cognitive tasks, autistics display stronger physiological engagement of the visual system than do non‐autistics. To account for these findings, the Enhanced Perceptual Functioning Model proposes that enhanced autistic performance in basic perceptual tasks results from stronger engagement of sensory processing mechanisms, a situation that may facilitate an atypically prominent role for perceptual mechanisms in supporting cognition. Using quantitative meta‐analysis of published functional imaging studies from which Activation Likelihood Estimation maps were computed, we asked whether autism is associated with enhanced task‐related activity for a broad range of visual tasks. To determine whether atypical engagement of visual processing is a general or domain‐specific phenomenon, we examined three different visual processing domains: faces, objects, and words. Overall, we observed more activity in autistics compared to non‐autistics in temporal, occipital, and parietal regions. In contrast, autistics exhibited less activity in frontal cortex. The spatial distribution of the observed differential between‐group patterns varied across processing domains. Autism may be characterized by enhanced functional resource allocation in regions associated with visual processing and expertise. Atypical adult organizational patterns may reflect underlying differences in developmental neural plasticity that can result in aspects of the autistic phenotype, including enhanced visual skills, atypical face processing, and hyperlexia. Hum Brain Mapp, 2011 © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
‘The Re Tea Corporation principle and junior creditors’ rights to participate in a scheme of arrangement – a view from Singapore'
Authors: Seah Chi‐Ling 
Published: April 2011

AbstractThis paper examines the application of the principle derived from Re Tea Corporation's case in recent schemes of arrangement to break negotiation deadlocks between senior and junior creditors of a financially distressed company. This paper argues against an overly technical application of the principle in Re Tea Corporation's case which might work injustice towards junior creditors by effectively shutting them out of a restructuring. This paper further explores how the holdout problem, which led to the formulation of the Re Tea Corporation principle in the first place, could be addressed while balancing the competing interests of junior claimants in a scheme of arrangement. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Fabrication of fibrinogen/P(LLA‐CL) hybrid nanofibrous scaffold for potential soft tissue engineering applications
Authors: He Chuanglong , Xu Xiaohong , Zhang Fan , Cao Lijun , Feng Wei , Wang Hongsheng , Mo Xiumei 
Published: April 2011

AbstractCoelectrospinning of native proteins and elastic synthetic polymers is an attractive technique to fabricate hybrid fibrous scaffolds that combine the bioactivity and mechanical features of each material component. In this study, hybrid fibrous scaffolds composed of synthetic P(LLA‐CL) elastomeric and naturally derived fibrinogen protein were fabricated and characterized for their bioactive and physiochemical properties. Fiber diameters of hybrid scaffolds increased with increasing P(LLA‐CL) content, and the shape of fibers changed from cylindrical shape on pure polymer scaffolds to flat structure on hybrid scaffolds. Characterizations of ATR‐FTIR, XRD, and thermal properties indicated that the hybrid scaffolds contain two different phases, one composed of pure fibrinogen and the other corresponding to a mixture of fibrinogen and P(LLA‐CL), and no obvious chemical reaction takes place between two components. The hybrid fibrous scaffolds showed tailorable degradation rates than pure P(LLA‐CL) and higher mechanical properties than pure fibrinogen, and both tensile strength and breaking strain increased with increasing P(LLA‐CL) content. In Vitro studies revealed that L929 cells on hybrid scaffolds achieved relatively higher level of cell attachment after 12 h of culture and significant increased cell proliferation rate after 7 days of culture, when compared with pure fibrinogen and P(LLA‐CL) scaffolds, and the cells exhibited a spreading polygonal shape on the hybrid fibrous surfaces compared to a round shape on surfaces of pure polymer scaffolds. Therefore, the fibrinogen/P(LLA‐CL) hybrid fibrous scaffolds possess the combined benefits of each individual component, which make it capable as scaffolds for soft tissue reconstruction. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A:, 2011.
Comparably accelerated vascularization by preincorporation of aortic fragments and mesenchymal stem cells in implanted tissue engineering constructs
Authors: Schumann Paul , von See Constantin , Kampmann Andreas , Lindhorst Daniel , Tavassol Frank , Kokemüller Horst , Bormann Kai‐Hendrik , Gellrich Nils‐Claudius , Rücker Martin 
Published: April 2011

AbstractThe demanding need for tissue replacement resulted in manifold approaches for the construction of different tissues. One common problem which hampers the clinical usage of tissue engineering constructs is a limited vascularization. In an attempt to accelerate the vascularization of tissue engineering constructs we compared the usage of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (bmMSCs) and fragments derived from the aorta in vivo. Tissue engineering constructs composed of PLGA scaffolds containing Matrigel (n = 8), aortic fragments embedded in Matrigel (n = 8), bmMSCs embedded in Matrigel (n = 8), and aortic fragments embedded in Matrigel combined with bmMSCs (n = 8) were implanted into dorsal skinfold chambers of balb/c mice and analyzed repetitively over 14 days. In all groups a weak inflammatory response was transiently apparent. Vascularization was significantly (p = 0.05) accelerated in bmMSC and aortic fragments containing constructs compared with Matrigel alone, demonstrated by a distinctly increased microvascular density throughout the whole experiment. The combination of bmMSCs and aortic fragments showed no additional effect compared with bmMSCs and aortic fragments alone. The accelerated vascularization and microvascular density of tissue engineering constructs triggered by bmMSCs and aortic fragments is comparable. Thus aortic fragments provide a new promising source for clinical relevant tissue engineering constructs. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A:, 2011.
Community‐level effects of individual and peer risk and protective factors on adolescent substance use
Authors: Monahan Kathryn , Egan Elizabeth A. , Van Horn M. Lee , Arthur Michael , Hawkins David 
Published: April 2011

AbstractThe association between community‐aggregated levels of individual and peer risk and protective factors and prevalence of adolescent substance use was examined in repeated cross‐sectional data among youth in 41 communities ranging in population from 1,578 to 106,221. The association between community levels of these risk and protective factors in 2000 and substance use 2 years later was examined by using within‐cohort analyses (e.g., sixth grade in 2000 predicting eighth grade in 2002) and cross‐cohort analyses (e.g., sixth grade in 2000 predicting sixth grade in 2002). In both within‐cohort and across‐cohort analyses, community‐aggregated levels of peer and individual risk and protective factors predicted adolescent substance use 2 years later, suggesting that focusing on elevated peer and individual risk factors and depressed peer and individual protective factors at the community level to guide the selection of preventive interventions may be a viable strategy for community efforts to prevent adolescent substance use. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Social psychological dynamics of enhanced HIV risk reduction among peer interventionists
Authors: Dickson‐Gomez Julia , Weeks Margaret R. , Convey Mark , Li Jianghong 
Published: April 2011

AbstractThe authors present a model of interactive social psychological and relational feedback processes leading to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) risk reduction behavior change among active drug users trained as Peer Health Advocates (PHAs). The model is supported by data from qualitative interviews with PHAs and members of their drug‐using networks in the Risk Avoidance Partnership (RAP) project. Results suggest three mutually reinforcing social psychological processes that motivate PHAs to provide HIV prevention intervention to their peers and to reduce their own risk behaviors: development of a prosocial identity, positive social reinforcement from drug users and community members, and cognitive dissonance associated with continued risk behavior while engaging in health advocacy. These processes directly influence peer interventionists' motivation and efficacy to continue giving intervention to their peers, and to reduce their HIV risk behaviors. The authors discuss implications of the model for continued research on effective HIV prevention in high‐risk groups. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Psychological community integration among people with psychiatric disabilities and nondisabled community members
Authors: Yanos Philip T. , Stefanic Ana , Tsemberis Sam 
Published: April 2011

AbstractThis study examined individual and neighborhood predictors of the psychological community integration of people with psychiatric disabilities and nondisabled community members. One hundred twenty‐three adults (60 psychiatrically disabled, 63 general community residents), completed measures of sense of community, life satisfaction, psychiatric symptoms, and perceptions of neighborhood. Mental health consumers living in independent scatter‐site apartments did not differ from other community members in either sense of community or life satisfaction. Among mental health consumers, neither symptoms nor demographic variables predicted sense of community, whereas objective neighborhood characteristics did. Conversely, among community members, age and symptoms predicted sense of community while objective neighborhood characteristics did not; perceived neighborhood characteristics predicted sense of community in both samples. Findings suggest that consumers living in independent housing may achieve levels of psychological community integration comparable to other community members, and that neighborhood factors impact degree of community integration in this population. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Positive traits versus previous trauma: racially different correlates with PTSD symptoms among hurricane katrina‐rita volunteers
Authors: Ai Amy L. , Plummer Carol , Kanno Hanae , Heo Grace , Appel Hoa B. , Simon Cassandra E. , Spigner Clarence 
Published: April 2011

AbstractThis study compared risks and protective factors for acquiring symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) between African‐American (n=299) and European‐American (n=206) student volunteers 3 months after Hurricanes Katrina and Rita (H‐KR). Respondents retrospectively provided information on peritraumatic emotional reactions and previous trauma that were recalled by H‐KR and H‐KR stressors. African‐American respondents reported higher levels of symptoms and higher rates of recollection of prior traumas during H‐KR than their European‐American counterparts. Hierarchical regression analyses found that previous trauma recollections predicted symptoms among European Americans but not among African Americans. Disaster‐related stressors, however, affected African Americans more than European Americans. Though negative emotions had negative outcomes for both groups, positive emotions and hope served as protective factors for African Americans. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Social capital in promoting the psychosocial adjustment of chinese migrant children: interaction across contexts
Authors: Wu Qiaobing , Palinkas Lawrence A. , He Xuesong 
Published: April 2011

AbstractDrawing upon a sample of 772 migrant children and their parents in Shanghai, China, this study investigated how the interactions of social capital embedded in a range of social contexts (i.e., family, school, peer, and community) influenced the psychosocial adjustment of Chinese migrant children. Results of multiple‐group structural equation modeling revealed a moderating effect of community social capital on the associations between other dimensions of social capital and child psychosocial adjustment. Family social capital showed stronger effects when there was higher community social capital, while school social capital appeared to be most influential for children with lower community social capital. Peer social capital showed comparable effects on psychosocial adjustment regardless of the stock of community social capital, but was most important for children with limited resources in both the community and school. Implications of the research findings for theory, practice, policy and future research are discussed. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Rebuilding trust: a community, multiagency, state, and university partnership to improve behavioral health care for American Indian Youth, their families, and communities
Authors: Goodkind Jessica R. , Ross‐Toledo Kimberly , John Susie , Hall Janie Lee , Ross Lucille , Freeland Lance , Coletta Ernest , Becenti‐Fundark Twila , Poola Charlene , Roanhorse Regina , Lee Christopher 
Published: April 2011

AbstractAmerican Indian/Alaska Native youth represent the strength and survival of many Nations and Tribes. However, the aftermath of colonialism has resulted in numerous health disparities and challenges for Native youth, including the highest rate of suicide in the United States. With the aims of elucidating the causes of behavioral health disparities, eliminating them, and improving behavioral health care for Native youth, a partnership of providers, community members, and university faculty and staff completed a comprehensive literature review, conducted advisory meetings with 71 American Indian youth, parents, and elders, surveyed 25 service providers, and engaged in ongoing consultation with traditional practitioners. Results from the multiple sources were synthesized and are reported with 20 policy, provider, and research recommendations that recognize the importance of moving beyond exclusive reliance on western models of care and that seek to foster transformation of individuals, families, communities, behavioral health service systems of care, and social structures. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Cellular modeling of cancer invasion: Integration of in silico and in vitro approaches
Authors: Kam Yoonseok , Rejniak Katarzyna A. , Anderson Alexander R.A. 
Published: April 2011

AbstractCancer invasion is one of the hallmarks of cancer and a prerequisite for cancer metastasis. However, the invasive process is very complex, depending on multiple correlated intrinsic and environmental factors, and thus is difficult to study experimentally in a fully controlled way. Therefore, there is an increased demand for interdisciplinary integrated approaches combining laboratory experiments with multiscale in silico modeling. In this review, we will summarize current computational techniques applicable to model cancer invasion in silico, with a special focus on a class of individual‐cell‐based models developed in our laboratories. We also discuss their integration with traditional and novel in vitro experimentation, including new invasion assays whose design was inspired by computational modeling. J. Cell. Physiol. 227: 431–438, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Autophagy regulates hypoxia‐induced osteoclastogenesis through the HIF‐1α/BNIP3 signaling pathway
Authors: Zhao Yi , Chen Gang , Zhang Wei , Xu Ning , Zhu Jun‐Yi , Jia Jun , Sun Zhi‐Jun , Wang Yi‐Ning , Zhao Yi‐Fang 
Published: April 2011

AbstractPrevious studies have implicated that hypoxic stress could enhance osteoclast differentiation; however, the underlying mechanism remains poorly understood. Autophagy is a dynamic lysosomal degradation process that has emerged as an important regulator under hypoxic environment. In the present study, we demonstrate for the first time that autophagy regulates hypoxia‐induced osteoclastogenesis in vitro. We found that exposure of RAW264.7 cells to hypoxia (0.2% oxygen) resulted in enhanced osteoclast differentiation, accompanied by the observation of several specific features of autophagy, including appearance of membranous vacuoles, formation of acidic vesicular organelles, cleavage and recruitment of microtubule‐associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3) to autophagosomes, increase in autophagic flux, as well as up‐regulation of autophagy‐related gene (Atg) expression. Moreover, suppression of autophagy with DN‐Atg5K130R or 3‐methyladenine (3‐MA) significantly attenuated the osteoclast differentiation under hypoxic conditions, indicating the functional significance of autophagy in hypoxia‐induced osteoclastogenesis. The data also showed that the activation of autophagy under hypoxic conditions was caused by up‐regulated expression of hypoxia‐inducible factor‐1α (HIF‐1α)‐dependent Bcl‐2 adenovirus E1a 19 kDa interacting protein 3 (BNIP3). Importantly, knockdown of HIF‐1α or BNIP3 obviously abrogated hypoxia‐induced autophagy activation and osteoclastogenesis enhancement. Collectively, our results highlight the fact that autophagy is a pivotal regulator for hypoxia‐induced osteoclast differentiation, which may provide new insight into the pathological processes of osteoclastogenesis under hypoxic stress and help develop new therapeutic strategies for abnormal osteoclastogenesis. J. Cell. Physiol. 227: 639–648, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Cementum protein 1 (CEMP1) induces a cementoblastic phenotype and reduces osteoblastic differentiation in periodontal ligament cells
Authors: Komaki Motohiro , Iwasaki Kengo , Arzate Higinio , Narayanan A. Sampath , Izumi Yuichi , Morita Ikuo 
Published: April 2011

AbstractCementum is a calcified tissue covering the tooth root surface, which functions as rigid tooth‐anchoring structure. Periodontal ligament is a unique non‐mineralized connective tissue, and is a source of mineralized tissue forming cells such as cementoblasts and osteoblasts. The CEMP1 is a novel cementum component the presence of which appears to be limited to cementoblasts and their progenitors. In order to understand the function of CEMP1, we investigated CEMP1 expression during the differentiation of human periodontal ligament cells. Immunomagnetically enriched alkaline phosphatase (ALP)‐positive periodontal ligament cells preferentially expressed CEMP1. CEMP1 expression was reduced when periodontal ligament cells differentiated to osteoblasts in vitro. Over‐expression of CEMP1 in periodontal ligament cells enhanced cementoblast differentiation and attenuated periodontal and osteoblastic phenotypes. Our data demonstrate for the first time that the CEMP1 is not only a marker protein for cementoblast‐related cells, but it also regulates cementoblast commitment in periodontal ligament cells. J. Cell. Physiol. 227: 649–657, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Exercise training corrects control of spontaneous calcium waves in hearts from myocardial infarction heart failure rats
Authors: Kemi Ole J. , MacQuaide Niall , Hoydal Morten A. , Ellingsen Oyvind , Smith Godfrey L. , Wisloff Ulrik 
Published: April 2011

AbstractImpaired cardiac control of intracellular diastolic Ca2+ gives rise to arrhythmias. Whereas exercise training corrects abnormal cyclic Ca2+ handling in heart failure, the effect on diastolic Ca2+ remains unstudied. Here, we studied the effect of exercise training on the generation and propagation of spontaneous diastolic Ca2+ waves in failing cardiomyocytes. Post‐myocardial infarction heart failure was induced in Sprague–Dawley rats by coronary artery ligation. Echocardiography confirmed left ventricular infarctions of 40 ± 5%, whereas heart failure was indicated by increased left ventricular end‐diastolic pressures, decreased contraction‐relaxation rates, and pathological hypertrophy. Spontaneous Ca2+ waves were imaged by laser linescanning confocal microscopy (488 nm excitation/505–530 nm emission) in 2 µM Fluo‐3‐loaded cardiomyocytes at 37°C and extracellular Ca2+ of 1.2 and 5.0 mM. These studies showed that spontaneous Ca2+ wave frequency was higher at 5.0 mM than 1.2 mM extracellular Ca2+ in all rats, but failing cardiomyocytes generated 50% (P < 0.01) more waves compared to sham‐operated controls at Ca2+ 1.2 and 5.0 mM. Exercise training reduced the frequency of spontaneous waves at both 1.2 and 5.0 mM Ca2+ (P < 0.05), although complete normalization was not achieved. Exercise training also increased the aborted/completed ratio of waves at 1.2 mM Ca2+ (P < 0.01), but not 5.0 mM. Finally, we repeated these studies after inhibiting the nitric oxide synthase with L‐NAME. No differential effects were found; thus, mediation did not involve the nitric oxide synthase. In conclusion, exercise training improved the cardiomyocyte control of diastolic Ca2+ by reducing the Ca2+ wave frequency and by improving the ability to abort spontaneous Ca2+ waves after their generation, but before cell‐wide propagation. J. Cell. Physiol. 227: 20–26, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.