bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of (R)‐(−)‐α‐methoxy phenyl acetic acid as a chiral shift reagent for resolution and determination of R and S enantiomers of modafinil in bulk drugs and formulations by 1H NMR spectroscopy
Authors: Rao Ramisetti Nageswara , Ramachandra Bondigalla , Santhakumar Kondapalli 
Published: February 2012

Abstract(R)‐(−)‐α‐Methoxy phenyl acetic acid, (S)‐(−)‐1,1′‐(2‐naphthol), and (R)‐(+)‐α‐methoxy‐α‐trifluoromethyl phenyl acetic acid were evaluated as chiral shift reagents (CSRs) for 1H NMR spectroscopic resolution and determination of R and S enantiomers of modafinil (MDL) in bulk drugs and formulations. Effects of the nature of CSR and the weight ratio of substrate to shift reagent on enantiomeric discrimination were investigated. Intramolecular and intermolecular hydrogen bonding interactions between the drug and the CSR seem to be the driving force for desired resolution. A mechanism was proposed to explain the interactions between (R, S)‐enantiomers of MDL and (R)‐(−)‐α‐methoxy phenyl acetic acid. The method was validated and applied successfully to determine the enantiomeric purity of MDL in tablet formulations. Chirality, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Efficient numerical integration of stiff differential equations in polymerisation reaction engineering: Computational aspects and applications
Authors: Zapata‐González Iván , Saldívar‐Guerra Enrique , Flores‐Tlacuahuac Antonio , Vivaldo‐Lima Eduardo , Ortiz‐Cisneros José 
Published: February 2012

AbstractThe modelling of the full molecular weight distribution in addition polymerisation gives rise to very large dimension (103–106) systems of ordinary differential equations, often exhibiting serious stiffness issues. This article summarises a methodology recently implemented by our group, in which the QSSA is applied on the fast dynamic species in order to reduce the stiffness, and then the remaining equations are solved by computationally inexpensive explicit algorithms (such as Euler). Specific features of the methodology are illustrated by application to the academically and industrially relevant systems of controlled radical polymerisation (RAFT and NMP cases) and coordination catalysis polymerisation. © 2012 Canadian Society for Chemical Engineering
Distribution and functional organization of glomeruli in the olfactory bulbs of zebrafish (Danio rerio)
Authors: Braubach Oliver R. , Fine Alan , Croll Roger P. 
Published: February 2012

AbstractOdor molecules are transduced by thousands of olfactory sensory neurons (OSNs) located in the nasal cavity. Each OSN expresses a single functional odorant receptor protein and projects an axon from the sensory epithelia to an olfactory bulb glomerulus, which is selectively innervated by only one or a few OSN types. We used whole‐mount immunocytochemistry to study the neurochemistry and anatomical organization of glomeruli in the zebrafish olfactory system. By employing combinations of antibodies against G‐protein α subunits, calcium‐binding proteins, and general neuronal markers, we selectively labeled various OSN types, their axonal projections to glomeruli, and the detailed anatomical distributions of individual glomeruli in different regions of the olfactory bulb. In this way we identified ≈140 glomeruli in each olfactory bulb of mature zebrafish. A small subset (27) of these glomeruli was unambiguously identifiable in nearly all animals examined. These units were large and, located mainly in the medial olfactory bulbs. Most glomeruli, however, were comparatively small, anatomically indistinguishable, and located in coarsely circumscribed regions; almost all of these latter glomeruli were innervated by OSNs that were labeled with anti‐Gα s/olfand/or anti‐calretinin antibodies. Collectively, our results provide a uniquely detailed description of a vertebrate olfactory system and highlight anatomically distinct parallel neural pathways that mediate early aspects of olfactory processing in the zebrafish. J. Comp. Neurol. 520:2317–2339, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Highly Selective Formation of β‐Glycosides of N‐Acetylglucosamine Using Catalytic Iron(III) Triflate
Authors: Stévenin Arnaud , Boyer François‐Didier , Beau Jean‐Marie 
Published: February 2012

AbstractEfficient and highly selective glycosylation reactions of peracetylated β‐D‐N‐acetylglucosamine are described using catalytic iron(III) triflate and 2,4,6‐tri‐tert‐butylpyrimidine (TTBP) under microwave conditions. We have demonstrated that the formation of β‐(1→6) and β‐(1→3) linked disaccharides are obtained in high yields in the presence ofvarious protecting groups.
A Synthetic Overview of Radiolabeled Compounds for β‐Amyloid Targeting (Eur. J. Org. Chem. 7/2012)
Authors: Ribeiro Morais Goreti , Paulo António , Santos Isabel 
Published: February 2012

AbstractThe cover picture shows a blue cartoon representing the different particles (β+, β–, and α) and γ‐photons that can be emitted by radionuclides with relevance in nuclear medicine, either for diagnostic or therapeutic applications. The molecular interaction of a radioactive probe with β‐amyloid deposits in a brain affected by Alzheimer's disease is also depicted as is the image of such deposits obtained by PET/SPECT. The most important classes of compounds explored as radioactive probes for the targeting of β‐amyloid plaques, reviewed in this work, are also shown. Details are presented in the Microreview by G. Ribeiro Morais et al. on p. 1279 ff. Fátima Marques is acknowledged for her help in designing this cover picture.. magnified image
Enzymatic Strategies to Construct L‐Lactate Biosensors Based on Polysulfone/Carbon Nanotubes Membranes
Authors: Pérez Sandra , Sánchez Samuel , Fàbregas Esteve 
Published: February 2012

AbstractWe present different strategies to construct amperometric L‐lactate biosensors using the enzymes lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and lactate oxidase (LOx). These biomolecules are incorporated into a polysulfone/carbon nanotubes composite matrix by means of an easy and rapid technique, i.e. inversion phase, and deposited onto carbon screen‐printed electrodes. The use of redox mediators, Meldola’s Blue and cobalt(II) phthalocyanine (CoPc) are necessary to reduce the working potential for the detection of NADH and H2O2 products. The working conditions for both biosensors have been optimized such as the pH, amount of immobilized enzyme and lifetime stability. LDH biosensor presents a linear interval range from 10−6 to 2×10−5 M L‐lactate and a 3.7×10−7 M as limit of detection (LOD), and from 5×10−6 to 5×10−4 M and 3.4×10−6 M, in case of LOx, respectively.
Environmental sustainability and climate change mitigation—CCS technology, better having it than not having it at all!
Authors: Butt T.E. , Giddings R.D. , Jones K.G. 
Published: February 2012

AbstractClimate change is happening and already manifested in a range of ways, including: global warming, rising sea levels, floods, heat‐waves, stronger and more frequent storms, and droughts. One of the major factors in climate change is anthropogenic fossil fuel combustion for energy generation and it is increasing throughout the world. Fossil fuel burning results in carbon emissions. On the basis of the most recent evidence, this article presents some new insights into the carbon dioxide capture and storage (CCS) technology, which can be an environmentally sustainable way to control carbon emissions. The article also focuses on various relevant facts and figures from the literature on CCS technology and explores various challenges that the technology may face in future. © 2012 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 2012
Identification of odour‐active compounds in dried and roasted nori (Porphyra yezoensis) using a simplified gas chromatography–SNIF technique
Authors: Shu Na , Shen Hong 
Published: February 2012

ABSTRACTDried and roasted nori (Porphyra yezoensis) were extracted with dichloromethane, and the extracts were distilled under high vacuum using a solvent assisted flavour evaporation (SAFE) apparatus to remove the non‐volatiles. The SAFE distillates were fractionated by acid and base washes. The odour‐active compounds were determined using a simplified gas chromatography–SNIF method. From the detection frequencies and the intensities of the peaks, and based on mass spectral data, retention indices, olfactory character, and co‐injection of authentic standards, 14 chemicals were identified as the odour‐active compounds in both dried and roasted nori, 16 were identified in dried nori, and 34 were identified in roasted nori. The differences in the chemical components of dried and roasted nori were compared. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Characterization and biological activity of essential oils from fruits of Zanthoxylum xanthoxyloides Lam. and Z. leprieurii Guill. & Perr., two culinary plants from Cameroon
Authors: Fogang Hervet P.D. , Tapondjou Léon A. , Womeni Hilaire M. , Quassinti Luana , Bramucci Massimo , Vitali Luca A. , Petrelli Dezemona , Lupidi Giulio , Maggi Filippo , Papa Fabrizio , Vittori Sauro , Barboni Luciano 
Published: February 2012

ABSTRACTEssential oils obtained by hydrodistillation of dried fruits of Zanthoxylum xanthoxyloides and Z. leprieurii (Rutaceae), were analysed by gas chromagraphy–flame ionization detection and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. In the former, the major volatiles resulted citronellol (29.9%) and geraniol (11.5%), followed by citronellyl acetate (5.5%), limonene (5.5%) and citronellal (4.6%), while in the latter the major compounds were (E)‐β‐ocimene (29.4%), myrcene (28.6%), limonene (13.6%) and α‐pinene (8.1%), respectively. The chemical composition supports the traditional use of these plants as spices in local food. The oils were also tested for antiproliferative, antimicrobial and antioxidant activities by MTT assay, agar disc diffusion method, and DPPH, ABTS and β‐carotene–linoleic acid assay, respectively. The noteworthy cytotoxic effects of Z. xanthoxyloides are probably related to the presence of geraniol and citronellol, which exhibited strong antiproliferative activity against all the tested human tumor cell lines, and support the local traditional use of this plant for the treatment of various cancers. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Global environmental regulation: Current status of carbon markets and carbon credits
Authors: Deatherage Scott D. 
Published: February 2012

AbstractClimate change is at the heart of political and legislative debates, international treaty negotiations, religious discussion, and daily media stories. Climate‐change legislation did not pass in the US Congress, but the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has issued greenhouse gas (GHG) regulations under a 2007 US Supreme Court decision based on the Federal Clean Air Act. Thus, national GHG regulation is going forward in the United States, to the surprise of many who are not involved in environmental issues or regulated under the EPA program.
Specialist mental health consultation for depression in Australian aged care residents with dementia: a cluster randomized trial
Authors: McSweeney Kate , Jeffreys Aimee , Griffith Joanne , Plakiotis Chris , Kharsas Renee , O'Connor Daniel W. 
Published: February 2012

ObjectiveThis cluster randomized controlled trial sought to determine whether multidisciplinary specialist mental health consultation was more effective than care as usual in treating the depression of aged care residents with dementia.MethodsThree hundred and eighty nine aged care residents were screened for dementia and major depression. Forty four were ultimately included in the intervention sample, selected from 20 aged care facilities located in Melbourne, Australia. Facilities were randomly allocated to an intervention condition involving the provision of multidisciplinary specialist consultation regarding the best‐practice management of depression in dementia, or to a care as usual condition. Consultations involved individually tailored medical and psychosocial recommendations provided to care staff and general practitioners. All residents participated in a comprehensive pre‐intervention diagnostic assessment, including the administration of the Cornell Scale for Depression in Dementia. This assessment was repeated approximately 15 weeks post‐intervention by a rater blind to study condition.ResultsMultidisciplinary specialist mental health consultation was significantly more effective than care as usual in treating the clinical depression of aged care residents with dementia (p < 0.05, partial η2 = 0.16). At follow‐up, the mean Cornell Scale for Depression in Dementia score for the intervention group was 9.47, compared with 14.23 for the control group. In addition, 77% of the intervention group no longer met criteria for major depression.ConclusionsThe results of this study suggest that the psychosocial and medical management of depressed aged care residents can be improved by increasing access to specialist mental health consultation. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Identifying fragments of natural speech from the listener's MEG signals
Authors: Koskinen Miika , Viinikanoja Jaakko , Kurimo Mikko , Klami Arto , Kaski Samuel , Hari Riitta 
Published: February 2012

AbstractIt is a challenge for current signal analysis approaches to identify the electrophysiological brain signatures of continuous natural speech that the subject is listening to. To relate magnetoencephalographic (MEG) brain responses to the physical properties of such speech stimuli, we applied canonical correlation analysis (CCA) and a Bayesian mixture of CCA analyzers to extract MEG features related to the speech envelope. Seven healthy adults listened to news for an hour while their brain signals were recorded with whole‐scalp MEG. We found shared signal time series (canonical variates) between the MEG signals and speech envelopes at 0.5–12 Hz. By splitting the test signals into equal‐length fragments from 2 to 65 s (corresponding to 703 down to 21 pieces per the total speech stimulus) we obtained better than chance‐level identification for speech fragments longer than 2–3 s, not used in the model training. The applied analysis approach thus allowed identification of segments of natural speech by means of partial reconstruction of the continuous speech envelope (i.e., the intensity variations of the speech sounds) from MEG responses, provided means to empirically assess the time scales obtainable in speech decoding with the canonical variates, and it demonstrated accurate identification of the heard speech fragments from the MEG data. Hum Brain Mapp, 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Differential functional response in the posteromedial cortices and hippocampus to stimulus repetition during successful memory encoding
Authors: Vannini Patrizia , Hedden Trey , Sullivan Caroline , Sperling Reisa A. 
Published: February 2012

AbstractThe reduction of neural activity in response to repeated stimuli, repetition suppression, is one of the most robust experience‐related cortical dynamics known to cognitive neuroscience. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies during episodic memory encoding have demonstrated repetition suppression in the hippocampus and this reduction has been linked to successful memory formation. An emerging body of functional imaging evidence suggests that the posteromedial cortex, in addition to the medial temporal lobes, may have a pivotal role in successful episodic memory. This area typically deactivates during initial memory encoding, but its functional changes in response to repetitive encoding remain poorly specified. Here, we investigate the repetition‐related changes in the posteromedial cortex as well as the hippocampus while the participants underwent an fMRI experiment involving repetitive encoding of face–name pairs. During the first encoding trial of face–name pairs, significant activation in the hippocampus was observed. The second and third encoding trials demonstrated a repetition suppression effect in the hippocampus, indicated by a stepwise decrease of activation. In contrast, the posteromedial cortex demonstrated significant deactivation during the initial encoding trial of face–name pairs. The second and third encoding trials demonstrated a stepwise decrease of deactivation, repetition enhancement, with activity at or above baseline levels in the final encoding trial. These findings demonstrate that hippocampus repetition suppression as well as posteromedial repetition enhancement is related to successful encoding processes and are discussed in relation to the default mode hypothesis as well as potential implications for understanding late‐life amnestic disorders. Hum Brain Mapp, 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Olefination Reactions in the Synthesis of Cyclophanes
Authors: Bodwell Graham J. , Nandaluru Penchal Reddy 
Published: February 2012

AbstractA survey of olefination reactions that have been used in the synthesis of cyclophanes is presented. This covers the Ramberg–Bäcklund reaction, the Wittig and related reactions, the McMurry and related reactions, ring‐closing metathesis (alkenes, alkynes and ene‐ynes), aldol condensations and Siegrist reactions, as well as miscellaneous reactions. The McMurry reaction and ring‐closing metathesis have enjoyed the greatest popularity in recent years, but they are typically used for complementary purposes. In virtually all cases, the McMurry reaction is used to install a two‐carbon (1,2‐ethenylene) bridge, whereas ring‐closing metathesis is used to construct bridges that are at least four‐membered, but usually considerably longer. Some well‐known olefinations have seen little or no use in the field of cyclophane chemistry.
Integrative genomics: Liver regeneration and hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Coban Zeynep , Barton Michelle Craig 
Published: February 2012

AbstractNumerous genome wide profiles of gene expression changes in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), compared to normal liver tissue, have been reported. Hierarchical clustering of these data reveal distinct patterns, which underscore conservation between human disease and mouse models of HCC, as well as suggest specific classification of subtypes within the heterogeneous disease of HCC. Global profiling of gene expression in mouse liver, challenged by partial hepatectomy to regenerate, reveals alterations in gene expression that occur in response to acute injury, inflammation, and re‐entry into cell cycle. When we integrated datasets of gene expression changes in mouse models of HCC and those that are altered at specific times of liver regeneration, we saw shared, conserved alterations in gene expression within specific biological pathways, both up‐regulated, for example, cell cycle, cell death, and cellular development, or down‐regulated, for example, vitamin and mineral metabolism, lipid metabolism, and molecular transport. Additional molecular mechanisms shared by liver regeneration and HCC, as yet undiscovered, may have important implications in tumor development and recurrence. These comparisons may offer a way to judge how liver resection, in the treatment of HCC, introduces challenges to care of the disease. Further, uncovering the pathways conserved in inflammatory response, hypertrophy, proliferation, and architectural remodeling of the liver, which are shared in liver regeneration and HCC, versus those specific to tumor development and progression in HCC, may reveal new biomarkers or potential therapeutic targets in HCC. J. Cell. Biochem. 113: 2179–2184, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Is using work–life interface benefits a career‐limiting move? An examination of women, men, lone parents, and parents with partners
Authors: Konrad Alison M. , Yang Yang 
Published: February 2012

SummaryUsing a large national sample based on Workplace and Employee Survey data collected by Statistics Canada in 2001 and 2002, we examined the effects of employee usage of seven organizational work–life interface benefits on promotions. Analysis predicted promotions in 2002 when number of promotions received by 2001 were controlled. The main effect of using work–life interface benefits on promotions was positive, indicating that using these benefits is not a career‐limiting move. Gender, presence of young children, and marital status interacted with the use of work–life interface benefits. Single parents benefitted less than other employees from using work–life interface options. Altogether, these findings suggest that the ongoing positive effects of conservation of time and energy resources for employees outweigh the initial short‐term negative effects of signaling and stigmatization. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The impacts of the PNA and NAO on annual maximum snowpack over southern Canada during 1979–2009
Authors: Zhao Hongxu , Higuchi Kaz , Waller James , Auld Heather , Mote Thomas 
Published: February 2012

AbstractThe Pacific/North American pattern (PNA) and North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) are two of the most important atmospheric low‐frequency variability modes modulating interannual anomalies of snowpacks in North America. However, the quantitative degree to which the PNA and NAO affect the annual maximum snow water equivalent (SWEmax), a quantity directly relevant to the ground snow load calculation in National Building Code of Canada, remains unknown. This study explores the relationship of the winter PNA and NAO to the Canadian SWEmax anomalies and potential changes associated with atmospheric circulation patterns. Significant correlations are identified in eastern and western Canada, where climatological mean values are largest due to the high frequency of snow storm occurrence. The regions in Canada where SWEmax anomalies are influenced by the PNA and NAO experienced a significant change from pre‐1998 to post‐1998. This change is consistent with the observed changes in annual maximum snow depth and the winter atmospheric circulations during 1979–2009. Copyright © 2012 Royal Meteorological Society
Novel Peptide‐Shelled Dendrimer with Dramatically Changeable Thermo‐Responsive Character
Authors: Koga Tomoyuki , Iimura Masayuki , Higashi Nobuyuki 
Published: February 2012

AbstractThe preparation of a novel peptide/dendrimer hybrid is reported in which an elastin‐like oligopeptide is successfully assembled onto a poly(amidoamine) dendrimer surface (G4‐ELP), and its unique thermo‐responsive behavior is discussed. As a result, the G4‐ELP is found to exhibit LCST behavior in the pH range 3–10 including physiological temperature range under neutral‐pH conditions. Moreover, cooperative interplay between the folding state of the ELP shell and the ionization state of the dendrimer core enables the G4‐ELP to control its LCST widely by pH variation. This achievement provides a new insight for the design of dual‐responsive materials with a potential in biological applications.magnified image