bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Engineering Carbon Nanotube Yarns with Polyaniline Coating toward Enhanced Thermoelectric Performance
Authors: Zhang Han , Zhang Chun , Li Hui , Liu Siqi , Wang Wenbo , Li Pengcheng , He Chaobin 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe growing demand for wearable electronics has driven the development of flexible thermoelectric (TE) generators which can harvest waste body heat as a renewable power source. Despite carbon nanotube (CNT) yarns have attracted significant attention as a promising candidate for TE materials, challenges still exist in improving their TE efficiency for commercial applications. Herein, we developed high performance CNT/polyaniline (PANI) yarns by engineering the coating of polyaniline emeraldine base (PANIeb), in which CNT yarns were firstly coated by PANIeb layer and further doped by HCl vapor treatment. With the incorporation of PANIeb, σ and S were simultaneously increased to 1796 S cm−1 and 74.8 μV K−1 for CNT/PANIeb 4–2d fibers, respectively. Further HCl vapor treatment induced greatly increased σ to 3194 S cm−1, but maintained be 83 % value before doping, giving rise to the highest power factor of 1224 μW m−1K−2, higher than pristine CNT yarns of 576 μW m−1K−2. Combining outstanding high TE performance and bending durability, a flexible TE generator was constructed to deliver high out power of 187 nW with temperature gradients of about 30 K. These results demonstrate the potential promise of high‐performance CNT/PANI‐HCl yarns to harvest waste body heat for sustainable power supply.
Exploring Nanomaterials for Hydrogen Storage: Advances, Challenges, and Perspectives
Authors: Manzoor Sumaira , Ali Shahid , Mansha Muhammad , Sadaqat Maira , Ashiq Muhammad Naeem , Tahir Muhammad Nawaz , Khan Safyan Akram 
Published: May 2024

AbstractHydrogen energy heralded for its environmentally friendly, renewable, efficient, and cost‐effective attributes, stands poised as the primary alternative to fossil fuels in the future. Despite its great potential, the low volumetric density presents a formidable challenge in hydrogen storage. Addressing this challenge necessitates exploring effective storage techniques for a sustainable hydrogen economy. Solid‐state hydrogen storage in nanomaterials (physically or chemically) holds promise for achieving large‐scale hydrogen storage applications. Such approaches offer benefits, including safety, compactness, lightness, reversibility, and efficient generation of pure hydrogen fuel under mild conditions. This article presents solid‐state nanomaterials, specifically nanoporous carbons (activated carbon, carbon fibers), metal‐organic frameworks, covalently connected frameworks, nanoporous organic polymers, and nanoscale metal hydrides. Furthermore, new developments in hydrogen fuel cell technology for stationary and mobile applications have been demonstrated. The review outlines significant advancements thus far, identifies key barriers to practical implementation, and presents a perspective for future sustainable energy research. It concludes with recommendations to enhance hydrogen storage performance for cost‐effective and long‐lasting utilization.
Curriculum leadership in a rural indigenous high school in Taiwan implementing the 108 Curriculum Guidelines
Authors: Lin Kuan‐Pei , Chen Chien‐Chih 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe 108 Curriculum Guidelines (108CG) were implemented in high schools in Taiwan in 2019 and have increased the flexibility of curriculum offerings. Schools must now offer diverse curricula, flexible options and self‐directed learning courses based on students' needs and teachers' expertise. This study explores how rural high schools in Taiwan promote curriculum leadership following the implementation of the 108CG. Using a case school in southern Taiwan as the study site, it examines the current implementation of the 108CG in rural high schools, the processes and strategies that school members employ in applying curriculum leadership and the challenges they encounter. Six participants from the case school were interviewed, from August 2021 to May 2022. We also conducted observations and document analyses. The results show that the principal and mid‐level leaders' collaborative efforts are integral to advancing the 108CG. However, the school faces challenges in implementing the 108CG due to its environmental context. The principal's major challenge stems from the differing curriculum interpretations by tribal chiefs and families in the community. Mid‐level leaders also grapple with students' passive learning attitudes and the need for preparedness among teachers for curriculum reform. Although the 108CG have been in operation for more than 4 years, rural high schools continue to face challenges in implementing them. Introducing collaborative lesson planning and using checklists during curriculum review meetings could help track curriculum progress.
Enhancing complex bioprocess learning through simulation technology and hybrid teaching: A case study in university education
Authors: Cotoras Davor 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe utilization of computer simulators in university education is progressively being embraced to offer students a practical exposure to industrial bioprocesses. Bioreactor computer simulators hold various advantages over conventional laboratory experiments, such as cost‐effectiveness and enhanced safety. The research objective is to assess the effectiveness of integrating bioreactor computer simulators into hybrid teaching to promote active and collaborative learning experiences and evaluate their impact on student participation and understanding. A hybrid strategy combining synchronous, face‐to‐face, and online teaching has been implemented to enhance the teaching‐learning processes in the Industrial Bioprocesses course for Biochemistry students. The simulation software BIOSTAT®T Yeast was used. This software models the production of ethanol with Saccharomyces cerevisiae through batch cultivation and the determination of the kLa value of a bioreactor. In the first simulation activity, students analyzed the software response based on parameter values input by the instructor, while in the second simulation activity, students autonomously used the computer simulator under the primary oversight of the instructor. The survey results indicate that the pedagogical innovation was positively received and significantly motivating for the students. Comparing student satisfaction surveys between the two simulation activities suggests that fostering student autonomy and engagement through simulation technology can improve satisfaction and learning outcomes in bioprocess education.
Chlorogenic Acid and its Isomers Attenuate NAFLD by Mitigating Lipid Accumulation in Oleic Acid‐Induced HepG2 Cells and High‐Fat Diet‐ Fed Zebrafish
Authors: Tie Fangfang , Ding Jin , Gao Yidan , Wang Honglun 
Published: May 2024

AbstractChlorogenic acid (Chl), isochlorogenic acid A (Isochl A), and isochlorogenic acid B (Isochl B) are naturally occurring phenolic compounds, which have been shown to exert a regulatory effect on lipid metabolism. However, the mechanism underlying this effect remains unclear. Herein, we investigated the inhibitory effects and underlying mechanisms of these three phenolic compounds on oleic acid (OA)‐induced HepG2 cells and high‐fat diet (HFD)‐fed zebrafish. Lipid accumulation and triacylglycerol levels increased in OA‐induced cells, which was attenuated by Chl, Isochl A, and Isochl B. Moreover, the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) decreased, while superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels increased by Chl, Isochl A and Isochl B treatment. Western blot analysis demonstrated that Chl, Isochl A and Isochl B reduced the expression of lipogenesis‐related protein, including fatty acid synthase (FAS), acetyl‐CoA carboxylase (ACC) and peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor gamma (PPARγ). Moreover, peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor alpha gamma (PPARα) was increased by Chl, Isochl A, and Isochl B treatment. In addition, our results indicated that Chl, Isochl A and Isochl B decreased lipid profiles and lipid accumulation in HFD‐fed zebrafish. Thus, these findings highlight the potential of Chl, Isochl A, and Isochl B as effective agents for treating or/and ameliorating non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).
Probing Glycerolipid Metabolism using a Caged Clickable Glycerol‐3‐Phosphate Probe
Authors: Lou Jinchao , Ancajas Christelle F. , Zhou Yue , Lane Nicolas S. , Reynolds Todd B. , Best Michael D. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIn this study, we present the probe SATE‐G3P‐N3 as a novel tool for metabolic labeling of glycerolipids (GLs) to investigate lipid metabolism in yeast cells. By introducing a clickable azide handle onto the glycerol backbone, this probe enables general labeling of glycerolipids. Additionally, this probe contains a caged phosphate moiety at the glycerol sn‐3 position to not only facilitate probe uptake by masking negative charge but also to bypass the phosphorylation step crucial for initiating phospholipid synthesis, thereby enhancing phospholipid labeling. The metabolic labeling activity of the probe was thoroughly assessed through cellular fluorescence microscopy, mass spectrometry (MS), and thin‐layer chromatography (TLC) experiments. Fluorescence microscopy analysis demonstrated successful incorporation of the probe into yeast cells, with labeling predominantly localized at the plasma membrane. LCMS analysis confirmed metabolic labeling of various phospholipid species (PC, PS, PA, PI, and PG) and neutral lipids (MAG, DAG, and TAG), and GL labeling was corroborated by TLC. These results showcased the potential of the SATE‐G3P‐N3 probe in studying GL metabolism, offering a versatile and valuable approach to explore the intricate dynamics of lipids in yeast cells.
Design of Bismuth‐Based Electrocatalysts for Carbon Dioxide Electroreduction
Authors: Wang Xin , Mahbub Muhammad Adib Abdillah , Das Debanjan , Schuhmann Wolfgang 
Published: May 2024

AbstractTuning the activity, selectivity, and stability of electrocatalysts for the electrochemical CO2 reduction reaction (eCO2RR) is of high interest. Among the multitude of possible eCO2RR products, formic acid/formate is not only of high industrial importance but even more importantly it can be obtained at nearly 100 % Faradaic efficiency if suitable catalysts are employed for the eCO2RR. Recently, two distinct strategies to modulate the eCO2RR over Bi‐based catalysts, namely phase modulation and functionalization with organic ligands, have come to the fore. This concept paper aims to string them together to accelerate their exploitation to design sophisticated electrocatalysts for the eCO2RR.
Hydrogen Tunneling Exhibiting Unexpectedly Small Primary Kinetic Isotope Effects
Authors: Roque José P. L. , Nunes Cláudio M. , Schreiner Peter R. , Fausto Rui 
Published: May 2024

AbstractProbing quantum mechanical tunneling (QMT) in chemical reactions is crucial to understanding and developing new transformations. Primary H/D kinetic isotopic effects (KIEs) beyond the semiclassical maximum values of 7–10 (room temperature) are commonly used to assess substantial QMT contributions in one‐step hydrogen transfer reactions, because of the much greater QMT probability of protium vs. deuterium. Nevertheless, we report here the discovery of a reaction model occurring exclusively by H‐atom QMT with residual primary H/D KIEs. 2‐Hydroxyphenylnitrene, generated in N2 matrix, was found to isomerize to an imino‐ketone via sequential (domino) QMT involving anti to syn OH‐rotamerization (rate determining step) and [1,4]‐H shift reactions. These sequential QMT transformations were also observed in the OD‐deuterated sample, and unexpected primary H/D KIEs between 3 and 4 were measured at 3 to 20 K. Analogous residual primary H/D KIEs were found in the anti to syn OH‐rotamerization QMT of 2‐cyanophenol in a N2 matrix. Evidence strongly indicates that these intriguing isotope‐insensitive QMT reactivities arise due to the solvation effects of the N2 matrix medium, putatively through coupling with the moving H/D tunneling particle. Should a similar scenario be extrapolated to conventional solution conditions, then QMT may have been overlooked in many chemical reactions.
Snake swarm optimization‐based deep reinforcement learning for resource allocation in edge computing environment
Authors: Kaliraj S. , Sivakumar V. , Premkumar N. , Vatchala S. 
Published: May 2024

SummaryMobile edge computing has become popular in the past few years as a means of creating computing resources close to end‐user nodes at the network edge. Nodes—end users—demand work offloading to improve service utilization. Furthermore, when the number of users in mobile edge computing increases, the minimal resources deployed at the edge become a problem. Develop the idea of reinforcement learning using a metaheuristic technique intended to achieve effective resource allocation and resolve offloading issues to handle this issue. The ideal way to manage the implementation of mobile edge computing with a cognitive agent's help is to request compensation for all client necessities. To complete the infrastructure type for the Internet of Things (IoT), the operator information is combined with its distinctive methodology. Neural caching during task execution is provided by reinforcement learning based on snake swarm optimization (SSO). Neural caching during task execution is provided by reinforcement learning based on SSO. In the process of creating the cost mapping table and incentive factor‐based optimal resource allocation, this suggested method is applied to a contract with effective resource allocation among the end manipulators. Using performance metrics like delivery ratio, energy consumption, throughput, and delay, the suggested approach is put into practice and examined. It is also contrasted with traditional methods like Gray Wolf Optimization (GWO) ant colony optimization (ACO) and genetic algorithms (GA).
Amino‐Functionalizing Ce‐Based MOF UiO‐66 for Enhanced CO2 Adsorption and Selectivity
Authors: Senith Ravishan Fernando John , Asaithambi Shivani S. , Maruti Chavan Sachin 
Published: May 2024

AbstractMetal‐organic frameworks (MOF) hold great promise for CO2 adsorption due to their high surface areas, tunable pore sizes, and the ability to modify their chemical properties to enhance CO2 affinity. MOFs tagged with functional groups either at linker or metal sites have shown improved CO2 uptake capacity and selectivity. This study focuses on investigating the potential of selective CO2 adsorption using amino functionalization of linker forming Ce‐UiO‐66. The physicochemical properties and characteristics of MOFs to determine the degree of amino functionalization and structural stability were examined using powder X‐ray diffraction (PXRD), Fourier transformer infra‐red (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and N2 porosimetry and specific surface area (BET). This work unveils a novel array of results on CO2, N2 and water vapour adsorption on Ce‐UiO‐66‐NH2. The amino‐functionalized Ce‐UiO‐66‐NH2 shows 63 % higher CO2 uptake and 84 % higher CO2/N2 selectivity at 273 K and 1 bar over Ce‐UiO‐66. Ce‐UiO‐66‐NH2 also shows excellent structural stability after gas and vapour sorption making Ce‐UiO‐66‐NH2 potential adsorbent for CO2 capture.
The Perceived Functions and Phenomenological Characteristics of Future Thinking and Clinically Significant Generalized Anxiety Disorder Symptoms
Authors: Hallford David J. , Seydavi Mohammad , Akbari Mehdi 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACTCurrent research indicates that anxiety disorders and elevated levels of trait anxiety are associated with biases and impairments when thinking of personally relevant future events, that is, future thinking. However, to date, little research has been conducted into how people with symptoms of clinical anxiety perceive the functions of future thinking. The current study presents a cross‐sectional survey comparing individuals with elevated symptoms of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) and related functional impact (N = 51, 43.1% female, Mage = 33.1, SD = 10.2) matched on age and gender with individuals with no clinically significant symptoms of GAD (N = 51, 43.1% female, Mage = 33.3, SD = 10.1) on self‐reported functions of future thinking and a battery of items assessing the phenomenological characteristics. The results indicated various significant differences in the perceived functions of future thinking and its phenomenological characteristics in those with elevated GAD symptoms. Broadly, they indicate more frequent future thinking and more commonly for self‐distraction or processing negatively valenced future events, and generally less adaptive mental representations that support current thinking on the psychopathological process of increased worry, anxious arousal and maladaptive cognition in clinical anxiety symptoms.
Comparison of Three Widely Employed Extraction Methods for Metabolomic Analysis of Trypanosoma brucei
Authors: Fall Fanta , Desmet Lieven , Mamede Lúcia , Schioppa Laura , de Tullio Pascal , Frédérich Michel , Govaerts Bernadette , Quetin‐Leclercq Joëlle 
Published: May 2024

AbstractTrypanosoma brucei (Tb) is the causative agent of human African trypanosomiasis (HAT), also known as sleeping sickness, which can be fatal if left untreated. An understanding of the parasite's cellular metabolism is vital for the discovery of new antitrypanosomal drugs and for disease eradication. Metabolomics can be used to analyze numerous metabolic pathways described as essential to Tb. brucei but has some limitations linked to the metabolites’ physicochemical properties and the extraction process. To develop an optimized method for extracting and analyzing Tb. brucei metabolites, we tested the three most commonly used extraction methods, analyzed the extracts by hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography high‐resolution mass spectrometry (HILIC LC‐HRMS), and further evaluated the results using quantitative criteria including the number, intensity, reproducibility, and variability of features, as well as qualitative criteria such as the specific coverage of relevant metabolites. Here, we present the resulting protocols for untargeted metabolomic analysis of Tb. brucei using (HILIC LC‐HRMS). © 2024 Wiley Periodicals LLC.Basic Protocol 1: Culture of Trypanosoma brucei brucei parasitesBasic Protocol 2: Preparation of samples for metabolomic analysis of Trypanosoma brucei bruceiBasic Protocol 3: LC‐HRMS‐based metabolomic data analysis of Trypanosoma brucei brucei
Elevated subgingival temperature infers high bacterial pathogen counts in severe periodontitis
Authors: Rams Thomas E. , Slots Jørgen 
Published: May 2024

AbstractObjectivesPeriodontal inflammation may be assessed by bleeding on probing and subgingival temperature. This pilot study evaluated the intrapatient relationship between subgingival temperature and selected bacterial groups/species in deep periodontal pockets with bleeding on probing.Materials and MethodsIn each of eight adults, an electronic temperature probe identified three “hot” pockets with elevated subgingival temperature and three “cool” pockets with normal subgingival temperature among premolars/molars with 6‒10 mm probing depths and bleeding on probing. Microbial samples collected separately from the hot and cool periodontal pockets were cultured for selected periodontal pathogens.ResultsHot compared to cool periodontal pockets revealed significantly higher absolute and normalized subgingival temperatures and yielded higher mean proportions of Porphyromonas gingivalis (10.2% for hot vs. 2.5% for cool, p = 0.030) and total red/orange complex periodontal pathogens (48.0% for hot vs. 24.6% for cool, p = 0.012).ConclusionsHot versus cool deep periodontal pockets harbored significantly higher levels of major periodontal pathogens. Subgingival temperature measurements may potentially be useful to assess risk of periodontitis progression and the efficacy of periodontal therapy.
An exploration of operational efficiency, market efficiency, and sustainable development in the banking industry
Authors: Chen Yu‐Chuan , Lin Tai‐Yu , Chiu Yung‐ho , Yang Ching‐I 
Published: May 2024

AbstractSustainable development is the primary goal of the current global economic transformation. The banking industry, as an intermediary institution within the financial system, not only serves as a crucial foundation for national economic development but also plays a key role in the global transition to sustainability and a low‐carbon economy. Banks can leverage the influence of financing to direct funds towards sustainable ventures and simultaneously develop green financial products, guiding ordinary consumers to make more environmentally friendly choices. How the banking industry can effectively improve operational efficiency while considering sustainable development is one of the key focuses of ongoing development in the banking sector. The main aim of this study is to incorporate the aspect of sustainable development into the evaluation of operational efficiency, aligning with the goals of corporate sustainable development. It allows for an analysis of how decision‐makers in the banking industry can adjust resources to maintain stable and sustainable profitability while promoting sustainable development. This study selected 13 financial holding banks and 19 non‐financial holding banks in Taiwan as research subjects, covering the period from 2016 to 2021. Utilizing a meta assurance regions (AR) parallel dynamic two‐stage slacks‐based measure model with “operational stage” and “market and sustainability parallel stage,” the research explores the efficiency performance of banks considering sustainable development. It examines the differences in efficiency performance at various stages among different types of banks. The research findings are as follows: (1) among the banking industry in Taiwan, operational stage efficiency ranks the highest, followed by sustainable stage efficiency, while market stage performance lags behind. (2) Financial holding banks outperform non‐financial holding banks on average in operational stage, market stage, and sustainable stage efficiency. (3) Fubon Financial, TFH, CATHAY HOLDINGS, and SKFH are benchmark performers among financial holding banks. (4) Non‐financial holding banks exhibit a higher average technical gap ratio compared to financial holding banks, indicating that non‐financial holding banks have fewer inefficient areas to improve. However, the technical efficiency of both groups of banks approaches each other over the years. (5) In the sustainable stage, financial holding banks demonstrate superior environmental indicators and corporate treatment efficiency compared to non‐financial holding banks.
Progress and Opportunities in Photocatalytic, Electrocatalytic, and Photoelectrocatalytic Production of Hydrogen Peroxide Coupled with Biomass Valorization
Authors: Zheng Yanmei , Zhang Yinghua , Liang Xiaoli , Ouyang Jianghong , Guo Xinli , Chen Zupeng 
Published: May 2024

AbstractHydrogen peroxide (H2O2) has been considered an energy carrier (fuel) and oxidizer for various chemical synthesis and environmental remediation processes. Biomass valorization can generate high‐value‐added products in a green and pollution‐free way to solve the energy and environmental crisis. The biomass valorization coupled with H2O2 generation via photo‐, electro‐, and photoelectrocatalysis plays a positive role in sustainable targets, which can maximize energy utilization and realize the production of value‐added products and fuel synthesis. Recently, catalyst design and mechanism studies in H2O2 generation coupled with biomass valorization are in the infancy stage. Herein, this review begins with a background on photo‐, electro‐, and photoelectrocatalytic techniques for H2O2 generation, biomass valorization, and the H2O2 generation couples with biomass valorization. Meanwhile, the progress and reaction mechanism are reviewed. Finally, the prospects and challenges of a synergistic coupled system of H2O2 synthesis and value‐added biomass in achieving high conversion, selectivity, and reaction efficiency are envisioned.