bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dynamic Disorder in the Crystal Structure of an Organic Semiconductor: An Unusual Phase Transition Involving the Heat Capacity
Authors: Vande Velde Christophe M. L. , Collas Alain , De Borger Roeland , Blockhuys Frank 
Published: November 2010

Abstract(E,E)‐1‐[2‐(4‐Nitrophenyl)ethenyl]‐4‐[2‐(2,4‐dimethoxyphenyl)ethenyl]benzene was characterised by X‐ray diffraction and shown to be dynamically disordered at room temperature. The structure was re‐determined over a range of temperatures to infer the thermodynamic parameters related to this disorder. A phase transition of third order according to the Ehrenfest classification scheme was discovered. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first experimentally observed phase transition of formal third order. It can be explained by the involvement of long‐range lattice vibrations.
Experimental Investigation on Continuous Precipitation and Stabilisation of Ultrafine BaSO4
Authors: Pieper Martin , Aman Sergej , Hintz Werner , Veit Peter , Tomas Jürgen 
Published: November 2010

AbstractSubmikrone BaSO4‐Partikel wurden kontinuierlich mit verschiedenen Flussraten und Konzentrationen gefällt mit Hilfe eines Dispergiermittels sterisch stabilisiert. Als Reaktor wurde ein T‐Mischer benutzt. Der zur Stabilisierung notwendige Gehalt an Dispergiermittel wurde bestimmt. Die Rolle der Vermischung wurde untersucht und Zeitskalen für Vermischung und Reaktion aus der Literatur auf die Messergebnisse angewendet. Partikelmorphologie und Kristallinität wurden sowohl mit Rasterelektronenmikroskopie als auch Transmissionselektronenmikroskopie untersucht, um ein Bild der internen Struktur der Partikel in Abhängigkeit der Reaktionsbedingungen zu erhalten.
Cardiac Shock Wave Therapy Reduces Angina and Improves Myocardial Function in Patients With Refractory Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Wang Yu , Guo Tao , Cai Hong‐Yan , Ma Tie‐Kun , Tao Si‐Ming , Sun Shuai , Chen Ming‐Qing , Gu Yun , Pang Jia‐Hua , Xiao Jian‐Ming , Yang Xi‐Yun , Yang Chao 
Published: November 2010

AbstractBackground:Safe and effective therapeutic management of refractory coronary artery disease (CAD) in heart patients is critical to enhance cardiovascular function and improve quality of life. Current therapies for refractory CAD are inadequate in ameliorating angina and promoting revascularization of ischemic myocardium.Hypothesis:Cardiac shock wave therapy (CSWT) is a safe and effective noninvasive intervention in the management of patients with refractory CAD.Methods:The study enrolled 9 male patients age 50 to 70 years (5.11 ± 5.46 years) with a diagnosis of CAD and stent implantation (3.00 ± 2.24 stents). CSWT was carried out for 3 months at 3 intervals during the first week of each month (first, third, and fifth day), for a total of 9 therapies per patient. Dobutamine stress echocardiography and radionuclide angiography identified the myocardial ischemic segments. The effects of CSWT on myocardial perfusion and systolic function were examined. Other outcome measures included myocardial injury enzyme markers, angina scale, nitroglycerin dosage, and cardiopulmonary fitness assessments.Results:Improved myocardial blood flow and regional systolic function (stress peak systolic strain rate − 1.10 to − 1.60 s−1, P = 0.002) were detected in patients following CSWT. Reductions in creatine kinase (87.89 ± 36.69 to 86.22 ± 35.96 IU/L, P = 0.046), creatine kinase MB (10.89 ± 5.73 to 10.11 ± 5.93 IU/L, P = 0.008), aspartate transaminase (interquartile range [IQR], 28.00 to 27.00 IU/L, P = 0.034) were also found. Angina (Canadian Cardiovascular Society scale IQR 3.0 to 2.0, P = 0.035) and nitroglycerin dose reduction (IQR 3.0 to 1.0 times/wk, P = 0.038) were reported.Conclusions:This study is a preliminary assessment of CSWT in patients with refractory CAD. We report that CSWT is a noninvasive, effective, and safe intervention in the treatment of refractory CAD. Copyright © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.The authors have no funding, financial relationships, or conflicts of interest to disclose.
Higher C‐Reactive Protein Predicts Worse Prognosis in Acute Heart Failure Only in Noninfected Patients
Authors: Lourenço Patrícia , Paulo Araújo José , Paulo Cristiana , Mascarenhas Joana , Friões Fernando , Azevedo Ana , Bettencourt Paulo 
Published: November 2010

AbstractBackground:The prognostic role of C‐reactive protein (CRP) in acute heart failure (HF) is not fully understood, and the impact of an infectious process in its risk‐stratification power was not previously evaluated.Hypothesis:As CRP is an inflammatory marker, its prognostic value in acute HF is probably different in patients with and without concurrent infection.Methods:We recruited patients admitted to our hospital due to acute HF from October 2006 to October 2007. All patients were given treatment at the discretion of the attending physician. Serum CRP was measured at discharge in 225 patients. We followed patients for 3 months after discharge to assess occurrence of all‐cause death or readmission due to HF. Infection was defined according to diagnoses registered on the discharge record. Patients were classified according to CRP tertiles, in the entire sample and in groups according to infection occurrence.Results:An infectious condition occurred in 109 patients (first and second CRP tertiles: 8.8 and 27.4 mg/L, respectively). No infection was detected in 116 patients (5.0 and 12.3 mg/L, respectively). In the group with infection, CRP was not a good predictor of adverse outcome. In the noninfected group, the hazard ratio of those with CRP > 12.3 mg/L was 2.46 (95% confidence interval: 1.29–4.70) in comparison with those with lower CRP. Adjusted hazard ratio for ischemic heart disease and diabetes was 2.03 (95% confidence interval: 1.06–3.91).Conclusions:CRP had no prognostic value in acute HF patients with an infectious complication. Noninfected patients with higher CRP at discharge had worse prognosis. Copyright © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.This study was supported by a grant from FCT: PIC/IC/82773/2007. The authors have no other funding, financial relationships, or conflicts of interest to disclose.
Developmental expression patterns of candidate cofactors for vertebrate six family transcription factors
Authors: Neilson Karen M. , Pignoni Francesca , Yan Bo , Moody Sally A. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractSix family transcription factors play important roles in craniofacial development. Their transcriptional activity can be modified by cofactor proteins. Two Six genes and one cofactor gene (Eya1) are involved in the human Branchio‐otic (BO) and Branchio‐otic‐renal (BOR) syndromes. However, mutations in Six and Eya genes only account for approximately half of these patients. To discover potential new causative genes, we searched the Xenopus genome for orthologues of Drosophila cofactor proteins that interact with the fly Six‐related factor, SO. We identified 33 Xenopus genes with high sequence identity to 20 of the 25 fly SO‐interacting proteins. We provide the developmental expression patterns of the Xenopus orthologues for 11 of the fly genes, and demonstrate that all are expressed in developing craniofacial tissues with at least partial overlap with Six1/Six2. We speculate that these genes may function as Six‐interacting partners with important roles in vertebrate craniofacial development and perhaps congenital syndromes. Developmental Dynamics 239:3446–3466, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Distinct regulatory mechanisms control integrin adhesive processes during tissue morphogenesis
Authors: Pines Mary , Fairchild Michael J. , Tanentzapf Guy 
Published: November 2010

AbstractCell adhesion must be precisely regulated to enable both dynamic morphogenetic processes and the subsequent transition to stable tissue maintenance. Integrins link the intracellular cytoskeleton and extracellular matrix, relaying bidirectional signals across the plasma membrane. In vitro studies have demonstrated that multiple mechanisms control integrin‐mediated adhesion; however, their roles during development are poorly understood. We used mutations that activate or deactivate specific functions of vertebrate β‐integrins in vitro to investigate how perturbing Drosophila βPS‐integrin regulation in developing embryos regulation affects tissue morphogenesis and maintenance. We found that morphogenetic processes use various β‐integrin regulatory mechanisms to differing degrees and that conformational changes associated with outside‐in activation are essential for developmental integrin functions. Long‐term adhesion is also sensitive to integrin dysregulation, suggesting integrins must be continuously regulated to support stable tissue maintenance. Altogether, in vivo phenotypic analyses allowed us to identify the importance of various β‐integrin regulatory mechanisms during different morphogenetic processes. Developmental Dynamics 240:36–51, 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Regulation of ocellar specification and size by twin of eyeless and homothorax
Authors: Brockmann Anette , Domínguez‐Cejudo María A. , Amore Gabriele , Casares Fernando 
Published: November 2010

AbstractThe retinal determination gene network (RDGN) constitutes a paradigm of a gene network controlling organ specification and growth. In this study, we probed the RDGN in the Drosophila ocelli, a set of simple eyes located on the fly's dorsal head, by studying the expression, regulation, and function of toy, hth, eya, and so, members of the Pax6, Meis, Eya, and Six gene families. Our results highlight the role of the pax6 gene toy, together with the hh signaling pathway, in the initiation of eya and so expression; the engagement of eya and so in a feedback loop necessary for their full expression; and the interplay between hh signaling and hth as a mechanism of organ size control, as general regulatory steps in the specification of visual organs. Developmental Dynamics, 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
IgSF molecule MDGA1 is involved in radial migration and positioning of a subset of cortical upper‐layer neurons
Authors: Ishikawa Takao , Gotoh Naoya , Murayama Chiaki , Abe Takaya , Iwashita Misato , Matsuzaki Fumio , Suzuki Toshiharu , Yamamoto Tohru 
Published: November 2010

AbstractMdga1, encoding a GPI‐anchored immunoglobulin superfamily molecule containing an MAM domain, is expressed by a specific subset of neurons, including layer II/III projection neurons, in the mouse neocortex. To investigate the function of Mdga1 in corticogenesis, we generated Mdga1‐deficient mice and backcrossed them to obtain a congenic background. Gross anatomy of the Mdga1‐deficient brain at postnatal day (P) 14 showed no obvious phenotype. However, the migration of Mdga1‐mutant neurons to the superficial cortical plate was clearly delayed. Most Mdga1‐mutant neurons reached the lower portion of the upper cortical layer by embryonic day 18.5 and stayed there through P0. By P7, the location of the mutant cells was the same as wild‐type. The location of Cux2‐expressing upper‐layer neurons in the cortical plate was largely unaffected. These observations indicated that Mdga1 is involved in the migration and positioning of a subset of cortical neurons and suggested that the radial migration of upper‐layer neurons might be differentially regulated. Developmental Dynamics, 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Differences in the production of spliced antigenic peptides by the standard proteasome and the immunoproteasome
Authors: Dalet Alexandre , Stroobant Vincent , Vigneron Nathalie , Van den Eynde Benoît J. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractPeptide splicing allows the production of antigenic peptides composed of two fragments initially non‐contiguous in the parental protein. The proposed mechanism of splicing is a transpeptidation occurring within the proteasome. Three spliced peptides, derived from FGF‐5, melanoma protein gp100 and nuclear protein SP110, have been described. Here, we compared the production of these spliced peptides by the standard proteasome and the immunoproteasome. Differential isotope labelling was used to quantify (by mass spectrometry) the fragments contained in digests obtained with precursor peptides and purified proteasomes. The results show that both the standard and the immunoproteasomes can produce spliced peptides although they differ in their efficiency of production of each peptide. The FGF‐5 and gp100 peptides are more efficiently produced by the standard proteasome, whereas the SP110 peptide is more efficiently produced by the immunoproteasome. This seems to result from differences in the production of the two splicing partners, which depends on a balance between cleavages liberating or destroying those fragments. By showing that splicing depends on the efficiency of production of the splicing partners, these results also support the transpeptidation model of peptide splicing. Furthermore, given the presence of immunoproteasomes in dendritic cells and cells exposed to IFN‐γ, the findings may be relevant for vaccine design.
IL‐27 increases the proliferation and effector functions of human naïve CD8+ T lymphocytes and promotes their development into Tc1 cells
Authors: Schneider Raphael , Yaneva Teodora , Beauseigle Diane , El‐Khoury Lama , Arbour Nathalie 
Published: November 2010

AbstractIL‐27 has been shown to exhibit both pro‐ and anti‐inflammatory properties; it favors mouse naïve CD4+T‐cell differentiation into Th1 cells to the detriment of Th17 and Th2 skewing and regulates IL‐10 and IL‐17 production by human CD4+ T cells. Moreover, IL‐27 promotes proliferation and cytotoxic functions of mouse CD8+ T lymphocytes, but no data are available on human CD8+ T cells. We investigated the impact of IL‐27 on human CD8+T cells. In contrast to mouse T cells, the IL‐27 receptor (IL‐27R), composed of T cell cytokine receptor (TCCR) and gp130, was detected on a greater percentage of human CD8+ than CD4+ T cells and these proportions increased upon polyclonal activation. IL‐27 induced rapid STAT1 and STAT3 signaling, enhanced STAT1 protein levels, and induced SOCS1 and SOCS3 expression in a STAT1‐dependent manner by human CD8+ T cells. Addition of IL‐27 to α‐CD3‐activated naïve CD8+ T cells significantly increased T‐box transcription factor expression levels, cell proliferation, and IFN‐γ and granzyme B production leading to increased CD8+ T‐cell‐mediated cytotoxicity. These results demonstrate that IL‐27, a rapidly produced cytokine by activated APC, has a profound impact on human naïve CD8+T cells, driving them to become highly efficient Tc1 cells.
T‐bet‐mediated differentiation of the activated CD8+ T cell
Authors: Yeo Crystal J. J. , Fearon Douglas T. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractThe T‐box transcription factor, T‐bet promotes the differentiation of short‐lived effector CD8+ T cells at the expense of central memory cells. How T‐bet mediates these effects, and whether they are directly caused by T‐bet alone are unknown, because expression of T‐bet requires stimulation of the T cell by inflammatory and growth cytokines, which may have T‐bet‐independent functions involving T‐cell differentiation. We developed an in vitro system of ectopic T‐bet expression that avoids the effects of inflammatory cytokines to determine which aspects of the T‐bet phenotype may be accounted for by T‐bet alone. Ectopic T‐bet expression by OT‐I CD8+ T cells stimulated by the H2‐Kb (SIINFEKL) complex and cultured with 2 ng/mL IL‐2 induced a coordinated change in gene expression leading to down‐regulation of CD127 and SOCS‐1 and up‐regulation of CD122 and IL‐15 receptor α, switching the cellular survival cytokine from IL‐7 to IL‐15. T‐bet expression and 2 ng/mL IL‐2 also led to a capacity for IFN‐γ and Fas ligand expression, confirming a role in eliciting these effector functions. Finally, ectopic T‐bet promoted the expression of B lymphocyte‐induced maturation protein 1 by OT‐I cells in the presence of 20 ng/mL IL‐2, providing a mechanism for the role of T‐bet in driving terminal differentiation in concert with a high level of IL‐2 receptor signalling.
Oxidorhenium(V) Complexes with Tridentate and Tetradentate Phenol‐Based Ligands
Authors: Traar Pedro , Schröckeneder Albert , Judmaier Martina E. , Belaj Ferdinand , Baumgartner Judith , Sachse Anna , Mösch‐Zanetti Nadia C. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractThe synthesis of oxidorhenium(V) complexes with tridentate and potentially tetradentate ligands of the type [ReOX2(L)] {X = Cl or Br; L = 2‐[CH2N(Me)CH2CH2OCH3]‐4,6‐di‐tBu‐phenolate, 2‐[CH2N(Me)CH2CH2SCH2CH3]‐4,6‐di‐tBu‐phenolate, 2‐[CH2N(Me)CH2CH2N(CH3)2]‐4,6‐di‐tBu‐phenolate, 2‐[CH2N(Me)CH2CH2N(CH2CH3)2]‐4,6‐di‐tBu‐phenolate, 2‐[CH2N(CH2CH2OCH3)2]‐4,6‐di‐tBu‐phenolate,2‐[CH2N(CH2CH2SCH2CH3)2]‐4,6‐di‐tBu‐phenolate, 2‐[CH2N{CH2CH2N(CH2CH3)2}2]‐4,6‐di‐tBu‐phenolate} 1–14 is reported. All complexes were spectroscopically characterized and shown to be isomerically pure. Compounds 1, 2, 9, and 11 were crystallographically characterized and show similar octahedral geometries with trans O=Re–O and cis O=Re–Cl bonds. All synthesized complexes 1–14 are catalyst precursors for the epoxidation of cyclooctene with tert‐butyl hydrogenperoxide (TBHP). Yields of the formed epoxide were up to 55 % with all precursors.
Geometric Aspects of Aromaticity: Interrelations between Intramolecular Hydrogen Bonds, Steric Effects and π‐Electron Delocalisation in Nitroanilines
Authors: Majerz Irena , Dziembowska Teresa 
Published: November 2010

AbstractThe influence of intramolecular hydrogen bonds and steric hindrance on distortion from planarity of the benzene ring and its aromaticity is shown for a series of substituted 2,4,6‐trinitroanilines. The crystal structure geometry and thegeometry optimized at the B3LYP/6‐311++G** level are compared with analogues without intramolecular hydrogen bonds. The HOMA index and the parameter ΔPdescribing the distortion from planarity of the benzene ring were used to characterize the aromacity of the investigated molecules. NBO and AIM analysis were also applied.
The photochemical conversion of solar energy into electrical energy: Eosin‐fructose system
Authors: Gangotri K.M. , Bhimwal Mukesh Kumar 
Published: November 2010

AbstractA photosensitizer‐Eosin and a reductant‐Fructose have been used in the photogalvanic cell for photochemical conversion of solar energy into electrical energy. The generated photopotential and photocurrent are 848.0 mV and 240.0 μA, respectively. The maximum power of the cell is 203.52 μW whereas the observed power at power point is 87.52 μW. The conversion efficiency is 0.84% and the fill factor is 0.3404 at the power point of the photogalvanic cell. The photogalvanic cell so developed can work for 55.0 min in dark if it is irradiated for 85.0 min. i.e. the storage capacity of photogalvanic cell is 64.70%. The effects of different parameters on the electrical output of the photogalvanic cell have been observed. A mechanism has also been proposed for the photogeneration of electrical energy. © 2010 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 2011.
Remediation of contaminated soil by solvent extraction and catalytic hydrodehalogenation: Semicontinuous process with solvent recycle
Authors: Wee Hun‐Young , Cunningham Jeffrey 
Published: November 2010

AbstractHalogenated hydrophobic organic contaminants (HHOCs), such as chlorinated benzenes and polychlorinated biphenyls, are common soil contaminants. We propose a new method for treating soils contaminated by HHOCs by extracting the contaminants with a solvent, then destroying the contaminants catalytically, enabling the solvent to be reused. Here, we report on the assessment of this technology at the lab scale, operating in a semicontinuous mode where the solvent is recycled in a closed loop. The solvent employed was a mixture of water and ethanol, the catalyst was 1% palladium (Pd) on porous alumina, and hydrogen gas was used as the reductant. We tested the process on two soils: Texas sandy loam contaminated in the laboratory, and Florida sandy clay loam collected from a contaminated field site. The technology worked successfully on the Texas soil: over 90% of the contamination (pentachlorophenol and 1,2,4,5‐tetrachlorobenzene) could be extracted and destroyed within 1 week using a solvent flow rate of 0.005 L/(min‐kg soil) and a residence time of ∼3.5 min in the catalytic reactor. Seven batches of soil were treated (one week each) without needing to replace the solvent. Catalyst activity decreased over time but was recovered by cleaning the catalyst with a dilute solution of hypochlorite. However, the process was unsuccessful at treating the Florida soil because of rapid catalyst deactivation. We believe that the proposed technology (called remedial extraction and catalytic hydrodehalogenation, or REACH) is a promising “green” technology if we can protect the catalyst from deactivation; possible methods for achieving this are discussed. © 2010 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 2010.
Macroergonomics intervention programs: Recommendations for their design and implementation
Authors: Mejías Herrera Sandra Haydeé , Huaccho Huatuco Luisa 
Published: November 2010

AbstractThe purpose of this article is twofold: 1) to consider the intervention programs that emerged before ergonomic research, and 2) to develop a methodology for design and implementation of a macroergonomics intervention program in a manufacturing organization. A design that has been used is shown, which allows subsequent specialists' actions to achieve the expected results and avoid mistakes during implementation. A case study in the shoe industry is used to validate the procedure and illustrate the results, which include improvement in the quality of work processes (from 6.14% to 1.54% defects) and in quality of work life (from 58.03% to 93.33%). The conclusions highlight the need to carry out intervention programs relating to both micro and macro levels to achieve optimization of work systems. The recent increase in research activity in this area and the positive results encourage the future development of such macroergonomics intervention programs. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Dancing between theory and practice: Enhancing work engagement through work stress intervention
Authors: Cifre Eva , Salanova Marisa , Rodríguez‐Sánchez Alma M. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractThis quasi‐experimental and longitudinal study assesses the effectiveness of a work stress intervention (i.e., Team Redesign) to increase job and personal resources and to consequently reduce job strain and increase employee psychosocial well‐being in an enamel manufacturing company following the Resources‐Experiences‐Demands Model (RED Model) and within the Action‐Research approach. The sample consisted of 108 employees at Time 1 and 72 employees at Time 2. Repeated‐measures multivariable analysis of variance (MANOVA) showed that the Time × Intervention interaction had reliable, positive, and incremental effects on job resources (i.e., innovation climate), personal resources (i.e., professional self‐efficacy and perceived competence), and motivational outcomes (i.e., work engagement, vigor, and dedication) on the intervention group (laboratory team, n = 9) when compared with the control group (n = 63 employees from different departments). Finally, we discuss the theoretical and practical implications based on the RED Model, including the feedback from Intervention (Action) to Theory (Research). © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.