bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Feasibility of nonselective testing for hemoglobinopathies in early pregnancy in The Netherlands
Authors: Kaufmann Judith O. , Demirel‐Güngör Gönül , Selles Anke , Hudig Cisca , Steen Gerard , Ponjee Gabrielle , Holleboom Cas , Freeman Liv M. , Hendiks Joris , Wijermans Pierre , Giordano Piero C. , Kerkhoffs Jean‐Louis 
Published: October 2011

ObjectiveTo examine the feasibility of standardized hemoglobinopathy (HBP) carrier testing for pregnant women in The Netherlands in addition to the standard anemia screening.MethodsWe assessed the prevalence of HBP in women at the time of the first pregnancy visit using both a prospective cohort (N = 703) and a retrospective series of women selected at random (N = 588). For the purpose of analysis, the population was divided into a high risk and a low risk group for HBP based on maternal ethnicity. Screening for HBP utilized standard screening tests for anemia, with additional high performance liquid chromatography (Variant II); molecular analysis was performed by Gap‐polymerase chain reaction (Gap‐PCR) and if necessary, direct sequencing and multiplex ligation‐dependent probe amplification (MLPA). Family history was reported or collected from the medical records.Resultsβ‐Globin defects were found in 3.9% of the total population (50/1291). The frequency in the high risk population was 5.6% (37/656), compared with 1.2% (6/501) in the low risk group. In the prospective study we found 30 HBP carriers, leading to testing of 16 partners and identification of two couples at risk. One affected child was born. Mean gestational age at the screening was 11.3 weeks with a standard deviation (SD) of 5.8.ConclusionWe found that the prevalence of HBP carriers is high enough in our population to warrant HBP testing for the entire multiethnic population in early pregnancy at the time of anemia screening. This is feasible as most women had their booking early in their first trimester. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Optical characterization of magnetron sputtered p‐type ZnO thin films codoped with Ga and As
Authors: Park Jang‐Ho , Seo Ho‐Yeon , Jeong Sang‐Hun , Lee Byung‐Teak 
Published: October 2011

AbstractZnO films codoped with Ga and As were characterized in detail. It was observed by I–V measurement that the films maintain p‐type characteristics even when the Ga/As ratio is as high as 9. Low‐temperature photoluminescence spectra revealed emissions at 3.36, 3.35, 3.30, and 3.22 eV, which were assigned to the D°X, the A°X, the two‐electron‐satellite D°X, and the DAP transition, respectively. A PL peak also appeared at 3.34 eV in the case of Zn0.96Ga0.03As0.01O and Zn0.90Ga0.09As0.01O films. X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy indicated formation of Ga–As bonds with increasing Ga concentration, suggesting that the 3.34 eV peak is related to the Ga–As bonds.
Room temperature MBE deposition of Bi2Te3 and Sb2Te3 thin films with low charge carrier densities
Authors: Peranio N. , Winkler M. , Aabdin Z. , König J. , Böttner H. , Eibl O. 
Published: October 2011

AbstractSb2Te3 and Bi2Te3 thin films were grown at room temperature on SiO2 substrates using MBE and were subsequently annealed at 250 °C. The films were stoichiometric, polycrystalline, textured, and yielded strikingly low charge carrier densities of about 2.7 × 1019 cm−3. The in‐plane transport properties were measured at room temperature, the thermopower was 130 µV K−1 for Sb2Te3 and −153 µV K−1 for Bi2Te3 thin films. The small charge carrier densities are explained by a reduced antisite defect density due to the low temperatures to which the thin films were exposed during annealing.
Decrease of sintering temperature by CuO doping of the 0.8Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3‐0.2PbTiO3 ceramics prepared by reaction‐sintering method
Authors: Fang Bijun , Jiang Na , Ding Chenlu , Du Qingbo , Ding Jianning 
Published: October 2011

AbstractCuO‐doped 0.8Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3‐0.2PbTiO3 (0.8PMN‐0.2PT) ceramics were prepared by the reaction‐sintering method. X‐ray diffraction (XRD) measurement, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) observation and density measurement confirmed that the CuO‐doped 0.8PMN‐0.2PT ceramics prepared by the reaction‐sintering method with the addition of up to 5 mol% CuO and sintered over a wide sintering temperature range exhibit pure rhombohedral perovskite structure, rather homogeneous micromorphology and high relative density. As compared to the undoped 0.8PMN‐0.2PT ceramics prepared by the same method, CuO proves to be an effective sintering aid, which can greatly decrease the sintering temperature of the 0.8PMN‐0.2PT ceramics prepared by the reaction‐sintering method, where high relative density can be obtained and the electrical properties are not deteriorated or improved of the synthesized 0.8PMN‐0.2PT ceramics. The CuO doping content and sintering temperature exert great influences on the crystal structure, density and electrical properties of the 0.8PMN‐0.2PT ceramics prepared by the reaction‐sintering method.
Three‐dimensional distortion measurements by section rocking curve imaging: Application to ice crystals
Authors: Kluender Rafael T. , Philip Armelle , Meyssonnier Jacques , Baruchel José 
Published: October 2011

AbstractWe present a new method to measure distortions in the entire crystal volume, down to a scale of 50 × 50 × 50 µm3 elementary volume. The method combines rocking curve imaging (RCI), section‐ and pinhole diffraction topography. As results we obtain three‐dimensional (3D) maps providing the integrated diffracted beam intensity and the fields of angular lattice misorientation. Angular misorientations down to 10−5–10−6 have been measured. In this paper the method is applied to one of the grains of a three‐grained ice polycrystal (tri‐crystal).
Charge transport in one‐dimensional chains of nanoparticles
Authors: Govor Leonid V. , Bauer Gottfried H. , Lüdtke Thomas , Haug Rolf J. , Parisi Jürgen 
Published: October 2011

AbstractGold electrodes were bridged by a one‐dimensional chain of citrate stabilized gold particles. The resulting device exhibits current fluctuations at constant bias voltage due to conformational changes in the citrate molecules induced by charge transfer across the molecules. Moreover, fluctuations of the differential conductance as a function of the bias voltage became evident. The effect is attributed to the interplay of two origins: (a) dislocation of particles in the chain by action of the electric field; (b) interaction between mechanical motion of citrate molecules located on particles and charge transfer. (© 2012 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
A top‐down approach to construct execution views of a large software‐intensive system
Authors: Callo Arias Trosky B. , America Pierre , Avgeriou Paris 
Published: October 2011

SUMMARYThis paper presents an approach to construct execution views, which are views that describe what the software of a software‐intensive system does at runtime and how it does it. The approach represents an architecture reconstruction solution based on a metamodel, a set of viewpoints, and a dynamic analysis technique. The metamodel and viewpoints capture the conventions that can be used to describe the runtime of a system developed by a particular organization. The dynamic analysis technique is used to extract and abstract runtime information from a combination of system logging and runtime measurements in a top‐down fashion. The approach was developed and validated constructing execution views for a magnetic resonance imaging scanner developed by Philips Healthcare. Therefore, the approach represents a solution that can be applied at similar large and complex software‐intensive systems. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Static and transient analysis of laminated cylindrical shell panels with various boundary conditions and general lay‐ups
Authors: Maleki S. , Tahani M. , Andakhshideh A. 
Published: October 2011

AbstractStatic and transient analysis of moderately thick laminated cylindrical shell panels with various loadings and boundary conditions are presented using generalized differential quadrature (GDQ) method. The governing system of transient partial differential equations of the shell panel is discretized in space and time domains using GDQ technique and Newmark's integration scheme, respectively. Different symmetric and asymmetric lamination sequences together with various combinations of clamped, simply supported and free boundary conditions are considered. Assuming effects of shear deformation and initial curvature, the governing partial differential equations (PDEs) including a system of fifteen first‐order PDEs in terms of unknown displacements, rotations, moments, forces, and time are selected for the analysis. Solution domain, governing equations, and related boundary conditions are then discretized based on the GDQ technique. It is shown that the method provides reasonably accurate results with relatively small number of grid points. It is revealed that the method offers similar order of accuracy for all variables including displacements and stress resultants. Comparisons of the predictions with results of other analytical, numerical, and finite element analyses show very good agreement. More results for shell panels with various boundary conditions specially mixed boundary conditions are presented for future references.
Duct‐to‐Duct Biliary Reconstruction During Complex Hepatectomy: A Useful Technique in Selected Cases
Authors: Memeo Riccardo , Belli Andrea , Kluger Michael D. , Tayar Claude , Laurent Alexis , Cherqui Daniel 
Published: October 2011

AbstractBackgroundRoux‐en‐Y anastomosis is the standard of care for biliary reconstruction. Yet, a direct bilio‐biliary anastomosis preserves the normal sphincter mechanism and endoscopic access to the biliary tree for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. Duct‐to‐duct biliary reconstruction is widely used in liver transplantation. The objective of this study was to analyze the feasibility and results of duct‐to‐duct biliary reconstruction in the setting of complex hepatic resection with limited biliary confluence involvement.MethodsWe identified patients from our prospectively maintained database that underwent major hepatic resection and bile duct resection with a concomitant direct duct‐to‐duct biliary anastomosis. Postoperative oncological and functional biliary outcomes were analyzed.ResultsTen patients were studied. In 9 cases, a biliary stent was left in place to decompress the anastomosis. Two patients developed a biliary fistula: one resolved spontaneously and the other required percutaneous drainage and an endoscopic biliary stent. This latter patient (the only nonstented patient) also developed a biliary stricture that was treated endoscopically. With a mean follow‐up of 22 months, no other biliary‐related complications were recorded. No patients had a recurrence at the biliary reconstruction site only. In the setting of multifocal hepatic recurrence presenting with jaundice, two patients were palliated by interventional endoscopy.ConclusionsFor hepatectomy requiring a short resection of the bile duct or for high bile duct injury during complex hepatectomy, a tension‐free, well‐vascularized duct‐to‐duct reconstruction over a stent is a suitable option that offers good oncological clearance of the bile duct and satisfactory functional results.
Accuracy of Axillary Ultrasound in the Diagnosis of Nodal Metastasis in Invasive Breast Cancer: A Review
Authors: Cools‐Lartigue Jonathan , Meterissian Sarkis 
Published: October 2011

AbstractAxillary lymph node status is the most important prognostic factor in early‐stage breast cancer. Sentinel lymph node biopsy is used to determine the need for axillary node dissection. This technique incurs cost associated with radio‐isotope administration and use of the operating room. Accordingly, there is a need to preoperatively identify patients with nodal metastases who can proceed directly to axillary dissection. Axillary ultrasound has increasingly been used to determine nodal status prior to surgery. It has been shown to be a sensitive and specific modality in the detection of nodal metastases. When combined with fine‐needle aspiration, the specificity of this modality significantly increases. Here we present a current review of the usefulness of preoperative axillary ultrasound in early and locally advanced breast cancer patients with and without fine‐needle aspiration biopsy. Based on this review, we estimate the proportion of patients that can be spared a sentinel lymph node biopsy and the concomitant benefit of axillary ultrasound in terms of cost.
Mutation analysis in 54 propionic acidemia patients
Authors: Kraus J. P. , Spector E. , Venezia S. , Estes P. , Chiang P. W. , Creadon‐Swindell G. , Müllerleile S. , de Silva L. , Barth M. , Walter M. , Walter K. , Meissner T. , Lindner M. , Ensenauer R. , Santer R. , Bodamer O. A. , Baumgartner M. R. , Brunner‐Krainz M. , Karall D. , Haase C. , Knerr I. , Marquardt T. , Hennermann J. B. , Steinfeld R. , Beblo S. , Koch H. G. , Konstantopoulou V. , Scholl‐Bürgi S. , van Teeffelen‐Heithoff A. , Suormala T. , Ugarte M. , Sperl W. , Superti‐Furga A. , Schwab K. O. , Grünert S. C. , Sass J. O. 
Published: October 2011

AbstractDeficiency of propionyl CoA carboxylase (PCC), a dodecamer of alpha and beta subunits, causes inherited propionic acidemia. We have studied, at the molecular level, PCC in 54 patients from 48 families comprised of 96 independent alleles. These patients of various ethnic backgrounds came from research centers and hospitals in Germany, Austria and Switzerland. The thorough clinical characterization of these patients was described in the accompanying paper (Grünert et al. 2012). In all 54 patients, many of whom originated from consanguineous families, the entire PCCB gene was examined by genomic DNA sequencing and in 39 individuals the PCCA gene was also studied. In three patients we found mutations in both PCC genes. In addition, in many patients RT‐PCR analysis of lymphoblast RNA, lymphoblast enzyme assays, and expression of new mutations in E.coli were carried out. Eight new and eight previously detected mutations were identified in the PCCA gene while 15 new and 13 previously detected mutations were found in the PCCB gene. One missense mutation, p.V288I in the PCCB gene, when expressed in E.coli, yielded 134% of control activity and was consequently classified as a polymorphism in the coding region. Numerous new intronic polymorphisms in both PCC genes were identified. This study adds a considerable amount of new molecular data to the studies of this disease.
Population genetics of the wheat curl mite (Aceria tosichellaKeifer) in Australia: implications for the management of wheat pathogens
Authors: Miller A.D. , Umina P.A. , Weeks A.R. , Hoffmann A.A. 
Published: October 2011

AbstractThe wheat curl mite (WCM),Aceria tosichellaKeifer, is a polyphagous eriophyoid mite and the primary vector of wheat streak mosaic virus (WSMV) and five other viral pathogens in cereals. Previous research using molecular markers and a series of laboratory experiments foundA. tosichellain Australia to consist of two genetically distinct lineages, which have broad overlapping distributions and differ in their ability to transmit WSMV under controlled conditions. This pattern of transmission also appears to be apparent in the field, whereby a strong association between WSMV detection and a single WCM lineage has been detected. In this study, we conduct a population genetic analysis and provide information on the genetic structure of the Australian viruliferous WCM lineage. We assessed genetic differentiation of 16 WCM populations using nine microsatellite markers. Strong evidence for extensive gene flow and low genetic structuring throughout the Australian wheatbelt was evident, with an exception for Western Australian and far north Queensland populations that appear to be genetically isolated. The data also indicate genetic patterns consistent with an arrhenotokous parthenogenetic mode of reproduction. Implications of these findings are discussed with reference to the management of WCM and associated cereal pathogens in Australia and overseas.
Influence of various host plants on the consumption and utilization of food byPieris brassicae(Linn.)
Authors: Ansari M.S. , Hasan F. , Ahmad N. 
Published: October 2011

AbstractPieris brassicae(Linn.) is a destructive cosmopolitan pest of cruciferous crops. It is present wherever its host plants occur, and it is considered to be one of the most widely distributed of all the Lepidoptera. We investigated the affect of various host plants on the food consumption and utilization byP. brassicae. We quantified consumption of food, larval duration, pupal duration and weight on cabbage (Brassica oleraceavar.capitata), cauliflower (Brassica oleraceavar.botrytis), radish (Raphanus sativus), broccoli (Brassica oleraceavar.italica) and mustard (Brassica campestris) under laboratory conditions. Insect-host relationships can be better understood by knowing the rate of food consumption, its digestibility and conversion of food eaten to body tissue. The consumption of food generally increased with the advancement of larval age. In our study we found that consumption of food was highest on radish and lowest on broccoli. The highest consumption of a particular host does not always indicate greater suitability of that host, until and unless other factors like consumption index (CI), relative growth rate (RGR), efficiency of conversion of ingested food (ECI), approximate digestibility (AD) and efficiency of conversion of digested food (ECD) are also considered. In the current investigation, factors like CI, RGR, ECI and ECD were highest on cabbage. Low body weight of pupa is associated with rapid development. On cabbage, the weight of pupa of both sexes was found lowest. Thus, from the present study, it can be concluded that cabbage is a more suitable host forP. brassicaethan other host plants evaluated. Hence, on cabbage, the values of Waldbauer indices were highest andP. brassicaedeveloped with a faster rate.
Transfer of transgenes for resistance to rice tungro disease into high-yielding rice cultivars through gene-based marker-assisted selection
Authors: ROY S. , BANERJEE A. , TARAFDAR J. , SENAPATI B. K. , DASGUPTA I. 
Published: October 2011

SUMMARYRice tungro disease (RTD), caused by the simultaneous infection of rice tungro bacilliform virus (RTBV) and rice tungro spherical virus (RTSV), is one of the major threats to sustainable rice production in South and Southeast Asia. Transgenic resistance against RTBV has been reported previously using an RNA interference (RNAi) construct (ORF IV of RTBV, placed both in sense and anti-sense orientation under CaMV 35S promoter), in the scented rice line Pusa Basmati-1 (PB-1). This construct was transferred to two high-yielding tungro-susceptible indica rice cultivars (IET4094 and IET4786) from the transgenic PB-1 rice line using back cross breeding till the BC2F3 stage. On challenge inoculation, the progenies (BC2F1) showed mild symptoms of tungro, in contrast to severe symptoms displayed by the recurrent parents. Segregation of the transgene indicated near homozygosity of the plants at the BC2F3 stage, implying that the lines can be used as a valuable resistance source for further breeding against RTD.
SPATIAL ANALYSIS OF THE APTITUDE TO LATE MATERNITY ON THE ISLAND OF SARDINIA
Authors: TENTONI STEFANIA , LISA ANTONELLA , FIORANI ORNELLA , LIPSI ROSA MARIA , CASELLI GRAZIELLA , ASTOLFI PAOLA 
Published: October 2011

SummaryThis study examines local heterogeneity in the aptitude of Sardinian mothers towards late reproduction, and explores its temporal persistence and association with both post-reproductive longevity and propensity to consanguineous marriage. Data on women's fertility from 1961 and birth records for 1980–1996 from Vital Statistics were analysed by means of the following indicators: the incidence of old mothers at last childbirth, female mortality (1980–2001) at 80 years of age and over and the proportion of consanguineous marriages (1930–1969). A variable kernel-smoothing method was used to create interpretable representations of the true spatial structure of the indicators, and to highlight areas of higher than expected intensity. In particular, an area of reproductive and post-reproductive longevity was identified where the traits combine with a higher tendency to relatedness. Intriguingly, this area corresponds approximately to the geographically and historically well defined central-eastern zone, which was the refuge of Sardinians during past invasions, and overlaps the Ogliastra region, which has been widely studied for its genetic homogeneity.
Volume increases in putamen associated with positive symptom reduction in previously drug-naive schizophrenia after 6 weeks antipsychotic treatment
Authors: Li M. , Chen Z. , Deng W. , He Z. , Wang Q. , Jiang L. , Ma X. , Wang Y. , Chua S. E. , Cheung C. , McAlonan G. M. , Sham P. C. , Collier D. A. , Gong Q. , Li T. 
Published: October 2011

BackgroundBrain structure appears to alter after antipsychotic administration, but it is unknown whether these alterations are associated with improvement of psychopathology in patients with schizophrenia. In this study, the authors explore this relationship.MethodAltogether, 66 first-episode, drug-naive patients with schizophrenia and 23 well-matched healthy controls underwent brain magnetic resonance imaging scans at baseline. All 23 healthy controls and 42 of the patients were rescanned after 6 weeks follow-up. The patients received regular antipsychotic treatment during the 6-week period and their psychopathology was assessed using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) at baseline and 6 weeks. The difference in PANSS scores between baseline and 6 weeks was expressed as a ratio of the scores at baseline – ‘PANSS reduction ratio’. A modified tensor-based morphometry procedure was applied to analyse longitudinal images. Correlations between regional volume changes, PANSS reduction ratio and antipsychotic drug dosages were explored.ResultsCompared with healthy controls, there was a significant increase in grey-matter volume of the right putamen in patients after 6 weeks treatment. This volume change was positively correlated with a positive PANSS reduction score but not related to drug dosages.ConclusionsPutaminal volume increased after 6 weeks antipsychotic treatment in first-episode schizophrenia. The increased volume was closely correlated with improved psychopathology, suggesting the putamen might be a biomarker to predict the treatment response in schizophrenia.
Alexander the Great and the History of Globalization
Authors: Liebert Hugh 
Published: October 2011

AbstractAlexander the Great is often understood to be the first statesman to attempt a “universal state,” owing in large part to his philosophical education under Aristotle. This picture of Alexander informs many of his depictions in popular culture, and influences his appropriation in contemporary discourse on globalization. I argue here that Plutarch'sLife of Alexanderoffers an alternative view of Alexander's political action, one that explains his imperial ambitions by focusing on his love of honor (philotimia) and the cultural indeterminacy of his native Macedon, rather than his exposure to philosophy. Plutarch's portrayal of Alexander provides a useful model for the study of globalization by showing how political expansion can arise from and give rise to indeterminate political identities.