bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of particle size on mechanical properties and tribological behaviour of aluminium/fly ash composites
Authors: Kumar Krishnan Ravi , Mohanasundaram Kothavady Mylsamy , Arumaikkannu Ganesan , Subramanian Ramanathan 
Published: June 2012

AbstractIn the present study, aluminium alloy (A380) composites containing 3, 6, 9 and 12 weight percentage of fly ash particles were fabricated by liquid metallurgy technique. Three different size ranges of fly ash particles (50–75 μm, 75–103 μm and 103–150 μm) were used. The composites were evaluated for hardness, tensile strength, density, dry sliding wear and frictional behaviour. Pin-on disc apparatus was used to conduct wear tests at loads of 20, 30 and 40 N at a sliding speed of 3 m/s for a constant period of 10 min. Results showed that hardness, ultimate tensile strength, wear resistance and coefficient of friction were superior in composites reinforced with coarse fly ash particles (103–150 μm) compared to composites with fine particles. The hardness, ultimate tensile strength and wear resistance increased, whereas the coefficient of friction and density decreased with the increase in weight percentage of fly ash. Wear resistance and coefficient of friction decreased with increase in applied load. Scanning electron microscope investigations of worn-out samples were carried out to study the progress of wear.
Schönheit zwischen Segen und Errettung
Authors: Loader James Alfred 
Published: June 2012

This article questions the claim that beauty in the Old Testament has nothing to do with salvation, but exclusively belongs in the realm of the reputedly unrelated idea of »blessing«. The argument is unfolded in three steps: First, it is shown that the logical components of the concepts salvation and blessing are very alike, and from a number of texts this can also be shown to match contemporary literary consciousness. This is taken a step further by the demonstration that the motifs of blessing and salvation are intertwined in the narratives of Genesis, the liberation from Egypt, the »occupation« of Canaan and the Book of Judges, to such an extent that it is not only impossible to separate them, but also justifiable to test the claim that the motif of beauty has nothing to do with salvation. The third step consists of identifying seven Old Testament complexes where both dominant and recessive occurrences of the motif recognize a saving role for beauty. The conclusion is that this is easily overlooked when the concept is not adequately appreciated as a literary motif in terms of the redactional intention.
Cette étude met en question l’affirmation que, dans l’Ancien Testament, la beauté n’aurait pas de lien avec le salut, mais qu’elle serait exclusivement à relier à la thématique indépendante de la »bénédiction«. L’argumentation se déroule en trois étapes: i) les composants logiques du salut et de la bénédiction sont très proches, ce qui est établi par une série de textes; ii) dans la Genèse, dans l’exode et la »conquête du pays«, ainsi que dans les récits des Juges, ces deux motifs sont si imbriqués qu’il n’est plus possible de les distinguer; iii) sept ensembles vétéro-testamentaires sont avancés qui montrent un rôle salvateur du motif de la beauté.
Der Artikel hinterfragt die Behauptung, dass Schönheit im Alten Testament nichts mit Errettung zu tun habe und ausschließlich im Bereich der damit angeblich nicht verwandten Idee des »Segens« zuhause sei. Das Argument wird in drei Schritten entfaltet: Zunächst, dass die logischen Komponenten von Errettung und Segen sehr ähnlich sind, was aufgrund einiger Texte auch als damaligem literarischem Bewusstsein entsprechend nachgewiesen werden kann. Das wird um einen Schritt weiter geführt, indem argumentiert wird, dass die Motive des Segens und der Errettung in den Erzählungen der Genesis, von der Befreiung aus Ägypten und der »Landnahme«, sowie in den Richtererzählungen so verflochten sind, dass es nicht nur unmöglich ist, sie zu trennen, sondern auch eine Hinterfragung der Behauptung, das Motiv der Schönheit habe mit Errettung nichts zu tun, rechtfertigt. Der dritte Schritt trägt sieben alttestamentliche Komplexe zusammen, in denen sowohl dominante als auch rezessive Belege des Motivs der Schönheit eine rettende Rolle zuerkennen. Dies wird leicht übersehen, wenn der Begriff nicht genügend als ein redaktionell intendiertes Motiv berücksichtigt wird.
Josuazeit und Richterzeit
Authors: Neef Heinz-Dieter 
Published: June 2012

The article seeks to prove that Jdc 2,6–10 forms a unity because of its clear composition and structure. The proximity of its language and content to texts of Deuteronomy (v. 7f) and the Deuteronomistic History (v. 6) supports the literary attribution of vv. 6–10 to the Deuteronomist. The comparison with Jos 24,28–31 shows that Jdc 2,6–10 presupposes Jos 24,28–31. The resumption of Jos 24,28–31 can be explained by Jdc 1,1–36; 2,1–5. This why Jos 24,28–31 was taken up and the contradiction in regard to Joshua’s death was accepted. The time of Joshua as the time of ideal communion with God is contrasted to the time of the Judges as the time when God was forgotten.
L’étude voudrait prouver que Jdc 2,6–10 forme une unité à cause de sa composition et de sa structure évidentes. La proximité linguistique et de contenu par rapport au Deutéronome (vv. 7s.) et à l’oeuvre historique deuteronomiste (v. 6) plaident en faveur d’une attribution des vv. 6–10 au Deutéronomiste. La comparaison avec Jos 24,28–31 montre que Jdc 2,6–10 présuppose Jos 24,28–31. La reprise et le développement de Jos 24,28–31 s’expliquent par Jdc 1,1–36; 2,1–5. Pour cette raison, Jos 24,28–31 a été révisé et la contradiction concernant la mort de Josué a été approuvée. Le temps de Josué est présenté comme le temps de la communauté idéale avec Dieu, par opposition avec le temps de l’oubli de Dieu.
Die Studie möchte nachweisen, dass aufgrund des klaren Aufbaus und der Struktur Jdc 2,6–10 eine Einheit bilden. Die sprachliche und inhaltliche Nähe zu Texten aus dem Deuteronomium (V. 7f.) und dem deuteronomistischen Geschichtswerk (V. 6) sprechen für die literarische Zuordnung von V. 6–10 zum Deuteronomisten. Der Vergleich mit Jos 24,28–31 zeigt, dass Jdc 2,6–10 den Abschnitt Jos 24,28–31 voraussetzt. Die Wiederaufnahme und Weiterführung von Jos 24,28–31 ist mit Jdc 1,1–36 und 2,1–5 zu erklären. Deshalb wurde Jos 24,28–31 aufgenommen und der Widerspruch bezüglich des Todes Josuas in Kauf genommen. Die Josuazeit wird als Zeit der idealen Gottesgemeinschaft derjenigen der Richterzeit als Zeit der Gottvergessenheit gegenübergestellt.
An Analysis of Multiple Consecutive Years of Material Weaknesses in Internal Control
Authors: Gordon Lawrence A. , Wilford Amanda L. 
Published: June 2012

ABSTRACT
The primary objective of the current study is to empirically reexamine the relation between material weaknesses in internal control (MW) and cost of equity (CE). We direct particular emphasis to the way non-remediation, as well as remediation, of MW affects a firm's CE. This study utilizes a dataset that contains a large sample of second-year MW non-remediation cases, as well as third-, fourth-, and fifth-year non-remediation cases. The findings provide evidence that reporting MW, absent any remediation, in multiple consecutive years has a significant negative impact on CE. However, the current study also shows that the market views favorably a reduction in the number of MW (i.e., partial remediation). Our study helps to reconcile conflicting results in the literature devoted to the relation between MW and CE.
JEL Classifications: M41; M42.
Data Availability: Available from sources identified within the article.
Emulsion chamber observations of Centauros, aligned events and the long-flying component
Authors: Kempa Janusz , Pattison Bryan , Gładysz-Dziaduś Ewa , Jones Lawrence , Mukhamedshin Rauf , Tamada Masanobu , Włodarczyk Zbigniew 
Published: June 2012

Abstract
The cosmic ray emulsion chamber community has reported several unusual phenomena which are also relevant to experiments at the current high-energy accelerators, in particular the Fermilab Tevatron Collider and the CERN Large Hadron Collider (LHC). A summary of the ”Cosmic Rays at Mountain Altitude” workshop held at Plock (Poland, September 2010) is given.
Changes in lipid composition of apple surface layer during long-term storage in controlled atmosphere
Authors: Duroňová Kateřina , Márová Ivana , Čertík Milan , Obruča Stanislav 
Published: June 2012

AbstractApples are the most frequently consumed fruit and about 90 % of apple production is stored. Fatty acids and lipids are important constituents of plant cells. Disturbances in the lipid composition of fruit may lead to various stress processes, resulting in some storage disorders. This work is focused on an analysis of surface lipids of different varieties of apples stored in a normal atmosphere and a modified atmosphere with ultra-low oxygen content, for 4 months and 6 months. The major fatty acids in apple surface layers are palmitic acid, stearic acid, linoleic acid, and oleic acid. During the 6-months storage period, a variety-specific decrease in the total fatty acids content and an increase in saturation degree was observed in all the varieties tested, when compared with the 4-months storage. The greatest differences in saturation degree were observed in the Golden Delicious variety, in which the highest content of unsaturated fatty acids was also found. Microbial contamination of apple surfaces increased gradually over the storage process. Higher fungi levels were found in apples stored in the regular atmosphere than in the modified atmosphere, which can be attributed to changes observed in the total lipid content and saturation degree of the surface fatty acids and also to the sensitivity of microorganisms to the oxygen content in the storage room.
Corrosion of titanium diboride in molten FLiNaK(eut)
Authors: Pavlík Viliam , Boča Miroslav 
Published: June 2012

AbstractPure and enriched titanium dibromide (TiB2) samples (prepared by hot isostatic pressing) with different mole ratios of Ni and Ta were investigated in contact with molten eutectic salt (FLiNaK(eut); LiF/NaF/KF 42.5 mole %: 11.5 mole %: 42.0 mole %) at 600°C. Corrosion resistance of the materials was studied, the mass losses and depths of corrosion were calculated, and sample surfaces were investigated by scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDX). Nickel addition decreased the corrosion resistance of TiB2. Simultaneous additions of both elements, Ni and Ta, as well as the addition of Ta only showed reducing effect on grain formation and they increased the corrosion resistance which is highest in the last case.
Bond-graph description and simulation of membrane processes: Permeation in a compartmental membrane system
Authors: Szczepański Piotr , Szczepańska Grażyna , Wódzki Romuald 
Published: June 2012

AbstractNetwork and numerical analysis of permeation through a membrane under non-stationary, stationary, and pseudo-stationary conditions is described. A compartmentalized membrane system (feed solution|membrane|stripping solution) was represented by a linear network of capacitances, diffusion, and sorption/desorption graphs. Reticulation degree of diffusion layers sufficient for quantitative modeling of the diffusion through a homogeneous membrane was estimated. It was found that for membranes of the thickness from 0.001 cm to 0.1 cm and the diffusion coefficients from 1 × 10−7 cm2 s−1 to 1 × 10−5 cm2 s−1, the membrane (or other diffusion layer) partition into ten slices leads to simulated time lags and stationary fluxes differing from the theoretical ones by less than 0.5 % and 1 %, respectively. Extended model with two unstirred interfacial layers and the feed and stripping solution of finite volumes was applied to characterize the effects caused by possible membrane heterogeneity.
A power efficient bandwidth regulation technique for a low-noise high-gain RF wideband amplifier
Authors: Roy Apratim , Rashid S. 
Published: June 2012

Abstract
In this paper, a single-stage deep sub-micron wideband amplifier (LNA) using a reactive resonance tank and passive port-matching techniques is demonstrated operating in the microwave frequency range (K band). A novel power-efficient bandwidth (BW) regulation technique is proposed by incorporating a small impedance in the resonance tank of the amplifier configuration. It manifests a forward gain in the range of 5.9–10.7 dB covering a message bandwidth of 10.6–6.3 GHz. With regulation, input-output reflection parameters (S
11, S
22) and noise figure can be manipulated by −12.7 dB, −22.7 dB and 0.36 dB, respectively. Symmetric regulation is achieved for bandwidth and small signal gain with respect to moderate tank impedance (36.5% and −26.8%, respectively) but the effect on noise contribution remains relatively low (increase of 7% from a base value of 2.39 dB). The regulated architecture, when analyzed with 90 nm silicon CMOS process, supports low power (9.1 mW) on-chip communication. The circuit is tested with a number of combinations for tank (drain) impedance to verify the efficiency of the proposed technique and achieves better figures of merit when compared with published literature.
Relationship Between Intensity of Quadriceps Muscle Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation and Strength Recovery After Total Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Stevens-Lapsley Jennifer E. , Balter Jaclyn E. , Wolfe Pamela , Eckhoff Donald G. , Schwartz Robert S. , Schenkman Margaret , Kohrt Wendy M. 
Published: June 2012

BackgroundNeuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) can facilitate the recovery of quadriceps muscle strength after total knee arthroplasty (TKA), yet the optimal intensity (dosage) of NMES and its effect on strength after TKA have yet to be determined.ObjectiveThe primary objective of this study was to determine whether the intensity of NMES application was related to the recovery of quadriceps muscle strength early after TKA. A secondary objective was to quantify quadriceps muscle fatigue and activation immediately after NMES to guide decisions about the timing of NMES during rehabilitation sessions.DesignThis study was an observational experimental investigation.MethodsData were collected from 30 people who were 50 to 85 years of age and who received NMES after TKA. These people participated in a randomized controlled trial in which they received either standard rehabilitation or standard rehabilitation plus NMES to the quadriceps muscle to mitigate strength loss. For the NMES intervention group, NMES was applied 2 times per day at the maximal tolerable intensity for 15 contractions beginning 48 hours after surgery over the first 6 weeks after TKA. Neuromuscular electrical stimulation training intensity and quadriceps muscle strength and activation were assessed before surgery and 3.5 and 6.5 weeks after TKA.ResultsAt 3.5 weeks, there was a significant association between NMES training intensity and a change in quadriceps muscle strength (R2=.68) and activation (R2=.22). At 6.5 weeks, NMES training intensity was related to a change in strength (R2=.25) but not to a change in activation (R2=.00). Furthermore, quadriceps muscle fatigue occurred during NMES sessions at 3.5 and 6.5 weeks, whereas quadriceps muscle activation did not change.LimitationsSome participants reached the maximal stimulator output during at least 1 treatment session and might have tolerated more stimulation.ConclusionsHigher NMES training intensities were associated with greater quadriceps muscle strength and activation after TKA.
L'impact de Bergson sur la sociologie et l'ethnologie françaises
Authors: Delitz Heike 
Published: June 2012

Résumé L’article suit la trace d’Henri Bergson dont la philosophie a une influence très grande sur la pensée française au xx e siècle. Pourtant, l’histoire de la science sociale semble ne pas s’intéresser beaucoup à Bergson, y compris lorsqu’il s’agit de mesurer son influence sur la sociologie ou l’ethnologie. Afin d’expliquer les incidences cachées de cet auteur, déclencheur d’un « choc » dans la philosophie française, sur la pensée sociologique et ethnologique, l’article vise à montrer 1) qu’il y avait une « répulsion typique » vis-à-vis de Bergson dans l’École de Durkheim, 2) que Bergson lui-même a développé une théorie sociologique en réponse à Durkheim, et 3) qu’au-delà de cette querelle il y a une pensée sociologique et ethnologique spécifique qui relève de la philosophie de Bergson. C’est avant tout au niveau théorique que la quête des « effets Bergson » ajoute des chapitres à l’histoire de la pensée sociologique et ethnologique.
Anthropologie culturelle ou anthropologie sociale ? Une dispute transatlantique
Authors: Dianteill Erwan 
Published: June 2012

Résumé Comment l’expression « anthropologie sociale » s’est-elle imposée en France ? Pourquoi l’appellation « anthropologie culturelle » n’a-t-elle pas été retenue ? La réponse semble se trouver dans la filiation menant de Durkheim à Lévi-Strauss en passant par Mauss. Toutefois, cette explication fait peu cas d’un débat important – auquel Lévi-Strauss a participé – entre Britanniques et Américains portant sur la nature de la discipline dans les années 1950 : l’anthropologie doit-elle être culturelle ou sociale ? L’anthropologie sociale est-elle bien de l’« anthropologie » ? Ou bien s’agit-il de sociologie ? En France et au Royaume-Uni, les partisans de l’anthropologie « sociale » sont victorieux, même si Lévi-Strauss s’écarte paradoxalement de la sociologie en prenant la linguistique structurale comme modèle ; aux États-Unis, l’anthropologie reste « culturelle », c’est-à-dire ouverte à la psychologie, l’archéologie, la géographie, la technologie, l’histoire, l’esthétique et les humanités en général.
Hidden Memories: Frontline Memory T Cells and Early Pathogen Interception
Authors: Masopust David , Picker Louis J. 
Published: June 2012

Abstract
Immunologic memory reflects the ability of a host to more effectively respond to a re-encounter with a particular pathogen than the first encounter, and when a vaccine mimics the first encounter, comprises the basis of vaccine efficacy. For T cells, memory is often equated with the anamnestic response, the ability of secondary lymphoid tissue-based (central) memory T cells to respond to pathogen exposure with a more rapid and higher magnitude production and infection-site delivery of pathogen-specific effector cells than observed in naive hosts. However, increasing evidence supports a fundamentally different kind of T cell memory in which differentiated, long-lived effector memory T cells, prepositioned in sites of potential pathogen invasion or rapidly mobilized to such sites from blood and marginated pools, intercept and potentially control/eliminate pathogen within hours of infection. In this article, we review the evidence for this “hidden” T cell memory and its implication for vaccine development.
FNAC in the diagnosis of lymph node malignancies: A simple and sensitive tool
Authors: Wilkinson Anne R , Mahore Sadhana D , Maimoon Sabiha A 
Published: June 2012

Abstract
Context: Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) of the lymph node is a simple diagnostic tool to diagnose suspected and unsuspected secondary and primary lymph node malignancy. Aim: To study the utility of FNAC in the diagnosis of clinically suspected and unsuspected lymph node malignancy. Design: A cross-sectional hospital based study on 50 patients diagnosed to have primary or secondary lymph node malignancy by cytology, and confirmed by histopathology. Materials and Methods: Lymph node aspirate smears reported as malignant were studied and the findings were correlated with histopathology. Clinical and radiological data were also noted. Statistical Analysis: The data were tabulated as per the involvement of the various lymph node groups and the types of secondary and primary lymph node malignancies involved. Results: 45 cases of metastatic malignancy and five cases of lymphomas were diagnosed by FNAC of lymph nodes. Histopathological correlation was available in all cases. Malignancy was clinically unsuspected in nine cases (18%). Conclusion: FNAC of lymph nodes is a very useful, simple and sometimes the only tool in the diagnosis of lymph node malignancies.
Vaginal Reconstruction and Rejuvenation Surgery: Is There Data to Support Improved Sexual Function?
Authors: Moore Robert D. , Miklos John R. 
Published: June 2012

Introduction: Vaginal rejuvenation and cosmetic vaginal surgery is one of the latest trends in urogynecology, gynecology, and plastic surgery. There is some confusion regarding what the term “vaginal rejuvenation” means, the surgical techniques and indications for this type of procedure, and how it may or may not differ from standard vaginal reconstructive techniques. There are also questions whether any scientific data are available to support the use of these procedures to enhance sexual function. Materials and Methods: The current paper attempts to answer these questions and reviews the literature regarding this topic. The worldwide literature was searched using PubMed database and reviewed for relevant studies on the effect of prolapse and/or vaginal relaxation on sexual function and whether repair improves any dysfunction present. Results: It is well documented in the literature that pelvic organ prolapse affects sexual function and that when repaired, sexual function improves as confirmed by validated sexual-function questionnaires. Damage to the vaginal walls and pelvic floor following traumatic childbirth may result in vaginal relaxation that may affect sexual function. The damage may not be severe enough to cause true prolapse or incontinence, but it may affect sensation and ultimately female sexual function. Vaginal reconstructive techniques that are designed to repair the caliber of the vagina are termed “vaginal rejuvenation” surgery. Repair of any anatomic changes affecting the caliber of the vaginal canal and perineum have been shown in recent studies to improve sexual function as well. Many women with complaints of vaginal relaxation are also found to have various stages of prolapse, and it is very important to recognize and repair these defects simultaneously as well. Conclusions: Prolapse, albeit a more severe form of vaginal relaxation, when repaired, seems to improve sexual function in many studies. Recent studies also show that vaginal rejuvenation or repair/tightening of the caliber of the vagina prior to the development of prolapse may improve female sexual function. Further studies are warranted in this field.
Observation of Magnetic‐Switching and Multiferroic‐Like Behavior of Co Nanoparticles in a C60 Matrix
Authors: Sakai Yutaka , Tamura Eiiti , Toyokawa Shuhei , Shikoh Eiji , Lazarov Vlado K. , Hirohata Atsufumi , Shinjo Teruya , Suzuki Yoshishige , Shiraishi Masashi 
Published: June 2012

AbstractA novel magnetoelectric effect is found to appear in a C60‐Co nanocomposite. Although Co is well‐known as a ferromagnet, its nanoparticles embedded in a C60 matrix can exhibit multiferroic‐like behavior, i.e., an electric field controls magnetic alignment of the nanoparticles and a magnetic field controls their charged states. This novel effect enables a strong magnetic switching effect for which the on/off ratio is ca. 104. Such an effect has been expected to exist and these findings show this magnetoelectric coupling for the first time.