bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anthropogenic changes in a confined groundwater flow system in the Bangkok Basin, Thailand, part II: how much water has been renewed?
Authors: Yamanaka Tsutomu , Mikita Makoto , Lorphensri Oranuj , Shimada Jun , Kagabu Makoto , Ikawa Reo , Nakamura Toshio , Tsujimura Maki 
Published: January 2011

AbstractExcessive groundwater pumping from the sedimentary basin underlying the Bangkok metropolitan area, Thailand, has caused not only piezometric level decline but also enhancement of groundwater recharge. Although groundwater renewal has accelerated, it remains unclear how much water in confined aquifers has been renewed owing to the excessive pumping. To reveal the details of the groundwater renewal process, we performed a water budget analysis and virtual tracer experiment using a numerical model of groundwater flow and solute transport. Mean turnover time was 45600 yr prior to the beginning of significant pumping in 1954, which then shortened to 3500 yr in 2001. The renewed water fraction since 1954 was estimated to be only 0·78% in 2007 on average over the whole basin. This is a reflection of the huge storage capacity of the basin, relatively low recharge rate due both to existence of a thick clay (Bangkok clay), and low plain gradient. The spatially distributed renewed water fraction, which was obtained from the virtual tracer experiment, was no more than 1% in most aquifers except for basin margins where the aquifers are exposed, while in the uppermost BK aquifer it exceeded 5% over a wide extent and reached more than 20% at an alluvial fan. The estimated fraction of renewed water was generally consistent with measured 3H concentrations, demonstrating in part the validity of the numerical model used. The results from our studies indicate that modern waters recharged since 1954 have minimal affect on water quality in the main production aquifers. However, water storage and pressure in aquifers respond quickly to increase in pumping rate, potentially affecting land subsidence. Thus, we have to focus on different time‐scales between groundwater quantity and quality management. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effect of substrate binding loop mutations on the structure, kinetics, and inhibition of enoyl acyl carrier protein reductase from plasmodium falciparum
Authors: Maity Koustav , Banerjee Tanushree , Prabakaran Narayanappa , Surolia Namita , Surolia Avadhesha , Suguna Kaza 
Published: January 2011

AbstractPfENR A372M mutant showing a different conformation of Methionine compared to the Met206 of EcENR by Koustav Maity et al., pp 30–41.
Fibroblast contractility and growth in plastic compressed collagen gel scaffolds with microstructures correlated with hydraulic permeability
Authors: Serpooshan Vahid , Muja Naser , Marelli Benedetto , Nazhat Showan N. 
Published: January 2011

AbstractScaffold microstructure is hypothesized to influence physical and mechanical properties of collagen gels, as well as cell function within the matrix. Plastic compression under increasing load was conducted to produce scaffolds with increasing collagen fibrillar densities ranging from 0.3 to above 4.1 wt % with corresponding hydraulic permeability (k) values that ranged from 1.05 to 0.03 μm2, as determined using the Happel model. Scanning electron microscopy revealed that increasing the level of collagen gel compression yielded a concomitant reduction in pore size distribution and a slight increase in average fibril bundle diameter. Decreasing k delayed the onset of contraction and significantly reduced both the total extent and the maximum rate of contraction induced by NIH3T3 fibroblasts seeded at a density of either 6.0 × 104 or 1.5 × 105 cells mL−1. At the higher cell density, however, the effect of k reduction on collagen gel contraction was overcome by an accelerated onset of contraction which led to an increase in both the total extent and the maximum rate of contraction. AlamarBlue™ measurements indicated that the metabolic activity of fibroblasts within collagen gels increased as k decreased. Moreover, increasing seeded cell density from 2.0 × 104 to 1.5 × 105 cells mL−1 significantly increased NIH3T3 proliferation. In conclusion, fibroblast–matrix interactions can be optimized by defining the microstructural properties of collagen scaffolds through k adjustment which in turn, is dependent on the cell seeding density. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 2011.
In vitro and in vivo degradation of poly(D, L‐lactide‐co‐glycolide)/amorphous calcium phosphate copolymer coated on metal stents
Authors: Ma Xiaodong , Oyamada Shizu , Wu Tim , Robich Michael P. , Wu Hao , Wang Xingwei , Buchholz Bryan , McCarthy Stephen , Bianchi Cesario F. , Sellke Frank W. , Laham Roger 
Published: January 2011

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to optimize a novel biodegradable polymer for drug eluting stent (DES) applications. Degradation profiles of different poly(D, L‐lactide ‐co‐glycolide)/amorphous calcium phosphate (PLGA/ACP) composites coated on stents were studied both in vitro and in vivo for three months. For the in vitro study, stents were immersed into the phosphate buffered saline (37°C, pH 7.4) with constant shaking. The polymer weight loss was measured weekly and morphological changes were analyzed. The results demonstrated that approximately 60% of polymer was degraded within the three‐month period and there was no significant difference between the different PLGA/ACP composites. However, the composite of 50% PLGA (65/35) with 50% ACP showed a slightly faster degradation rate than other composites. Morphologically, all stent surfaces changed from a micro‐porous before degradation to a corrugated solid micro‐net‐like structure at two months post degradation. Based on in vitro results, 65% PLGA (65/35) with 35% ACP) coated stents were selected and implanted into rat aortas (n = 12) for the in vivo study. Microscopic observation showed that no composite was found on any of the implanted stents at 12 weeks post implantation, which indicated the selected PLGA/ACP composite is desired for DES applications. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: , 2011.
A peptidomimetic inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases containing a tetherable linker group
Authors: Cao Yang , Croll Tristan I. , Rizzi Simone C. , Shooter Gary K. , Edwards Helen , Finlayson Kathleen , Upton Zee , Dargaville Tim R. 
Published: January 2011

AbstractSuccessful wound repair and normal turnover of the extracellular matrix relies on a balance between matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and their natural tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases (TIMPs). When overexpression of MMPs and abnormally high levels of activation or low expression of TIMPs are encountered, excessive degradation of connective tissue and the formation of chronic ulcers can occur. One strategy to rebalance MMPs and TIMPs is to use inhibitors. We have designed a synthetic pseudopeptide inhibitor with an amine linker group based on a known high‐affinity peptidomimetic MMP inhibitor and have demonstrated inhibition of MMP‐1, ‐2, ‐3, and ‐9 activity in standard solutions. The inhibitor was also tethered to a polyethylene glycol hydrogel using a facile reaction between the linker unit on the inhibitor and the hydrogel precursors. After tethering, we observed inhibition of the MMPs although there was an increase in the IC50s that was attributed to poor diffusion of the MMPs into the hydrogels, reduced activity of the tethered inhibitor, or incomplete incorporation of the inhibitor into the hydrogels. When the tethered inhibitors were tested against chronic wound fluid, we observed partial inhibition in proteolytic activity suggesting this approach may prove useful in rebalancing MMPs within chronic wounds. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 2011.
Manual color monitoring to optimize hematopoietic progenitor cell collection on the Fenwal Amicus
Authors: Burgstaler Edwin A. , Winters Jeffrey L. 
Published: January 2011

AbstractA technique was developed to improve consistency of MNC transfers from the centrifuge to the collection bag in the Fenwal Amicus. The operator assures that RBCs completely fill the cassette by the end of the transfer by adjusting the RBC offset in succeeding cycles. We compared yields and crosscellular content before and after implementation of the monitoring technique. Retrospective data from 400 consecutive HPC collection procedures (200 for each technique) were compared. In 40 monitored collections, the RBC offset was adjusted to 6–9 mL to ensure that RBCs completely filled the cassette. Collections requiring these adjustments were not associated with a specific diagnosis. Median values were compared between the 40 collections requiring offset adjustment and those performed before implementation of monitoring. Baseline peripheral CD34+ cell (17 vs. 14 cells μL−1), lymphocytes (2 vs. 1.3 × 109/L), WBCs, HCT, and PLTs were significantly higher in the group requiring offset changes. The group requiring offset changes had significantly more CD34+ cells per collection (190.8 × 106 or 2.04 × 106/kg vs. 84.3 × 106 or 0.89 × 106/kg) and more lymphocytes per collection (16.9 × 109 vs. 11.6 × 109). Crosscellular content of the group requiring offset changes was significantly higher for WBCs (41.8 vs. 33.1 × 109), granulocytes (9.6 vs. 7.2 × 109), RBCs (23 vs. 17 mL), and PLTs (2.1 vs. 1.2 × 1011). Manual monitoring is a simple, inexpensive method to optimize each HPC collection to maximize CD34+ cell and lymphocyte yields. J. Clin. Apheresis, 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Chitosan–silica hybrid‐coated open tubular column for hydrophilic interaction capillary electrochromatography
Authors: Hu Jinmei , Yin Lili , Jia Li 
Published: January 2011

AbstractA novel and convenient protocol for the preparation of an open‐tubular column coated with chitosan–silica hybrid using chitosan and silane‐coupling agent (γ‐glycidoxy‐propyltrimethoxysilane) was developed for CEC, in which, chitosan was covalently bonded to the inner wall of a fused‐silica capillary using γ‐glycidoxy‐propyltrimethoxysilane as a cross‐linking agent. The stationary phase was hydrophilic due to the chitosan–silica hybrid with abundant amine and hydroxyl functional groups. The chromatographic characteristics of the column were evaluated by the separation of some organic acids and inorganic anions. The column showed good selectivity for nucleotides, aromatic acids, and inorganic anions. The mechanism for the separation of these compounds was primarily based on the hydrophilic and electrostatic interactions combined with the electrophoretic mechanism. The CEC method on the column for the separation of these compounds was compared with CE method in a bare capillary.
Rapid analysis of charge variants of monoclonal antibodies with capillary zone electrophoresis in dynamically coated fused‐silica capillary
Authors: He Yan , Isele Colleen , Hou Weiying , Ruesch Margaret 
Published: January 2011

AbstractA capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) method was developed for the rapid analysis of charge heterogeneity of immunoglobulin G (IgG) monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). The separation was carried out in a short, dynamically coated fused‐silica capillary. A number of separation parameters were investigated and optimized, including pH, concentration of the separation buffer (ε‐amino caproic acid), concentration of the triethylenetetramine (TETA) dynamic coating, the capillary internal diameter and the field strength used for the separation. The effects of between‐run flushing of the capillary and the data acquisition rate were also evaluated. Under the optimized conditions, a fast (<5 min), selective and reproducible separation of mAb charge variants was achieved under a very high electric field strength (1000 V/cm). This method also requires only a short conditioning of the capillary, with between‐run conditioning completed within 2 min. The method was evaluated for specificity, sensitivity, linearity, accuracy and precision. The same separation conditions were applied to the rapid separation (2–5 min) of charge variants of multiple monoclonal antibodies with pI in the range of 7.0–9.5. Compared with other existing methods for charge variants analysis, this method has several advantages including a short run time, rapid capillary conditioning and simple sample preparation.
Utilization of elderly donors in living donor liver transplantation
Authors: Dayangac Murat , Taner Burcin C. , Yaprak Onur , Demirbas Tolga , Balci Deniz , Duran Cihan , Yuzer Yildiray , Tokat Yaman 
Published: January 2011

Abstract
An accepted definition of donor exclusion criteria has not been established for living donor liver transplantation (LDLT). The use of elderly donors to expand the living donor pool raises ethical concerns about donor safety. The aims of this study were (1) the comparison of the postoperative outcomes of living liver donors by age (≥50 versus <50 years) and (2) the evaluation of the impact of the extent of right hepatectomy on donor outcomes. The study group included 150 donors who underwent donor right hepatectomy between October 2004 and April 2009. Extended criteria surgery (ECS) was defined as right hepatectomy with middle hepatic vein (MHV) harvesting or right hepatectomy resulting in an estimated remnant liver volume (RLV) less than 35%. The primary endpoints were donor outcomes in terms of donor complications graded according to the Clavien classification. Group 1 consisted of donors who were 50 years old or older (n = 28), and group 2 consisted of donors who were less than 50 years old (n = 122). At least 1 ECS criterion was present in 74% of donors: 57% had 1 criterion, and 17% had 2 criteria. None of the donors had grade 4 complications or died. The overall and major complication rates were similar in the 2 donor age groups [28.6% and 14.3% in group 1 and 32% and 8.2% in group 2 for the overall complication rates (P = 0.8) and the major complication rates (P = 0.2), respectively]. However, there was a significant correlation between the rate of major complications and the type of surgery in donors who were 50 years old or older. In LDLT, extending the limits of surgery comes at the price of more complications in elderly donors. Right hepatectomy with MHV harvesting and any procedure causing an RLV less than 35% should be avoided in living liver donors who are 50 years old or older. Liver Transpl 17:548-555, 2011. © 2011 AASLD.
Synthesis and Characterization of Polyurethane‐Based Shape‐Memory Polymers for Tailored Tg around Body Temperature for Medical Applications
Authors: Ahmad Manzoor , Luo Jikui , Xu Bin , Purnawali Hendra , King Peter James , Chalker Paul Raymond , Fu Yongqing , Huang Weimin , Miraftab Mohsen 
Published: January 2011

AbstractVarious polyurethane‐based SMPUs were synthesized using five types of polyols as soft segments and two different diisocyanates as hard segments. The effects of diisocyanate concentration on material properties such as crystallinity, transition temperature, shape‐memory effect and tensile strength were investigated. SMPUs with a maximum strain near 1 000%, recovery rate up to ≈98%, fixity up to ≈90% and Tgs of 35–45 °C were obtained. A high MDI content results in SMPUs with better shape‐memory effect, whereas increasing IPDI content leads to a weaker shape‐memory effect. High IPDI concentration seems to prevent or restrict chemical reactions and crosslinks between the polyols and the hard segments, leading to large phase separation and coexistence of soft and hard segments in the macrophases. magnified image
A Novel Bifunctional Trithiocarbonate for Styrene and Methacrylate RAFT Polymerization
Authors: Strube Oliver I. , Nothdurft Lars , Drache Marco , Schmidt‐Naake Gudrun 
Published: January 2011

AbstractThe synthesis of butane‐1,4‐bis(phenylacetonitrile trithiocarbonate) and its application as a new chain transfer agent for controlled radical polymerization is reported. It is a bifunctional trithiocarbonate for the polymerization of methacrylates, and styrenic monomers and therefore a novel type of RAFT agent. Linear growth of molar masses with conversion and narrow molecular weight distributions are obtained. ABA triblock copolymers are successfully synthesized in two steps. MALDI‐TOF MS and SEC prove the living character of the polymers and uniform growth of both functionalities. The pre‐equilibrium kinetics are analyzed by SEC to determine transfer coefficients. The P(GMA) blocks are used as precursor for polymer‐analogous reactions. magnified image
Correlation of fractions with divisibility constraints
Authors: Xiong Maosheng , Zaharescu Alexandru 
Published: January 2011

AbstractLet \documentclass{article}\usepackage{amssymb}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$ B=(B_{Q}\!)_{{Q \in {\mathbb N}}} $\end{document} be an increasing sequence of positive square free integers satisfying the condition that $ B_{{Q_1}}\vert B_{{Q_2}} $ whenever Q1 < Q2. For any subinterval I ⊂ [0, 1], let

It is shown that if BQ ≪ Qlog log Q/4, then the limiting pair correlation function of the sequence \documentclass{article}\usepackage{amsmath,amssymb,mathrsfs,bm}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$ ({\mathscr{F}_{{B}\!,_Q}(I)})_{Q \in {\mathbb N}} $\end{document} exists and is independent of the subinterval I. Moreover, the sequence is Poissonian if $ \lim_{Q \rightarrow \infty }{{\varphi (B_{Q}\!)}\over{B_{Q}\!}} = 0 $, and exhibits a very strong repulsion if $ \lim_{Q \rightarrow \infty }{{\varphi (B_{Q}\!)}\over{B_{Q}\!}} \ne 0 $, where φ is Euler's totient function. © 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim
Bounded Operators and Complemented Subspaces of Cartesian Products
Authors: Djakov P. , Terzioğlu T. , Yurdakul M. , Zahariuta V. 
Published: January 2011

AbstractWe study the structure of complemented subspaces in Cartesian productsX×Yof Köthe spacesXandYunder the assumption that every linear continuous operator fromXtoYis bounded. In particular, it is proved that each non‐Montel complemented subspace with absolute basisE⊂X×Yis isomorphic to a space of the formE1×E2, whereE1is a complemented subspace ofXandE2is a complemented subspace ofY. © 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim
Independent linear forms on connected Abelian groups
Authors: Feldman Gennadiy , Myronyuk Margaryta 
Published: January 2011

AbstractAccording to the classical Skitovich‐Darmois theorem the independence of two linear forms of independent random variables implies that the random variables are Gaussian. We prove an analog of this theorem for some locally compact Abelian groups. It turns out that in the considered case the random variables are either Gaussian or their distributions are convolutions of Gaussian distributions and some signed measures. © 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim
Wnt antagonist DICKKOPF‐3 (Dkk‐3) induces apoptosis in human renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Ueno Koji , Hirata Hiroshi , Majid Shahana , Chen Yi , Zaman Mohd S. , Tabatabai Z. Laura , Hinoda Yuji , Dahiya Rajvir 
Published: January 2011

AbstractThe Wnt signaling pathway is activated in most cancers while Wnt antagonist genes are inactivated. However, the functional significance and mechanisms of inactivation of Wnt antagonist Dkk‐3 gene in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) has not been reported. In this study, we examined potential epigenetic mechanisms regulating Dkk‐3 expression in RCC cells and whether Dkk‐3 expression affects cell growth and apoptosis. The expression of Dkk‐3 is regulated by histone modification rather than CpG island DNA methylation in renal cancer cells. Renal cancer cell proliferation was significantly inhibited and apoptosis was promoted in Dkk‐3 transfected renal cancer cells. Dkk‐3 did not inhibit the Wnt/beta‐catenin signaling pathway but induced apoptosis via the noncanonical JNK pathway in renal cancer cells. Expression of p21, MDM‐2, and Puma genes were increased after transfecting RCC cell lines with a Dkk‐3 expression plasmid. Overexpression of Dkk‐3 induced G0/G1 arrest together with an increase in p21 expression. Growth of stable Dkk‐3 transfected cells in nude mice was decreased compared to controls. Our data show for the first time that mRNA expression of Dkk‐3 is regulated by histone modification and that Dkk‐3 inhibits renal cancer growth through modulation of cell cycle and apoptotic pathways. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
p38 MAP kinase plays a functional role in UVB‐Induced mouse skin carcinogenesis
Authors: Dickinson Sally E. , Olson Erik R. , Zhang Jack , Cooper Simon J. , Melton Tania , Criswell P. Jane , Casanova Ana , Dong Zigang , Hu Chengcheng , Saboda Kathylynn , Jacobs Elizabeth T. , Alberts David S. , Bowden G. Tim 
Published: January 2011

AbstractUVB irradiation of epidermal keratinocytes results in the activation of the p38 mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway and subsequently activator protein‐1 (AP‐1) transcription factor activation and cyclooxygenase‐2 (COX‐2) expression. AP‐1 and COX‐2 have been shown to play functional roles in UVB‐induced mouse skin carcinogenesis. In this study, the experimental approach was to express a dominant negative p38α MAPK (p38DN) in the epidermis of SKH‐1 hairless mice and assess UVB‐induced AP‐1 activation, COX‐2 expression, and the skin carcinogenesis response in these mice compared to wild‐type littermates. We observed a significant inhibition of UVB‐induced AP‐1 activation and COX‐2 expression in p38DN transgenic mice, leading to a significant reduction of UVB‐induced tumor number and growth compared to wild‐type littermates in a chronic UVB skin carcinogenesis model. A potential mechanism for this reduction in tumor number and growth rate is an inhibition of chronic epidermal proliferation, observed as reduced Ki‐67 staining in p38DN mice compared to wild‐type. Although we detected no difference in chronic apoptotic rates between transgenic and nontransgenic mice, analysis of acutely irradiated mice demonstrated that expression of the p38DN transgene significantly inhibited UVB‐induced apoptosis of keratinocytes. These results counter the concerns that inhibition of p38 MAPK in a chronic situation could compromise the ability of the skin to eliminate potentially tumorigenic cells. Our data indicate that p38 MAPK is a good target for pharmacological intervention for UV‐induced skin cancer in patients with sun damaged skin, and suggest that inhibition of p38 signaling reduces skin carcinogenesis by inhibiting COX‐2 expression and proliferation of UVB‐irradiated cells. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
NMR property calculations and experimental study of the 1,6‐epoxycarvone and α‐epoxypinene: a comparison of models
Authors: Queiroz Luiz H. K. , Lacerda Valdemar , dos Santos Reginaldo B. , Greco Sandro J. , Cunha Neto Álvaro , de Castro Eustaquio V. R. 
Published: January 2011

AbstractThis work aims at using theoretical calculations of shielding tensors (σ) through different methods [gauge‐independent atomic orbital (GIAO), continuous set of gauge transformations (CSGT) and individual gauges for atoms in molecules (IGAIM)] and spin‐spin coupling constants J using GIAO method to compare these methods and to corroborate the data obtained with the assignment of all of 1H and 13C NMR signals and the relative stereochemistry of the 1,6‐epoxycarvone and the α‐epoxypinene. All the 1H and 13C NMR signals were assigned unequivocally. The stereochemistry for the epoxides is trans and the B3LYP theory level with CSGT and IGAIM methods is the best choice to evaluate theoretical chemical shifts for compounds studied. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.