bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PERBANDINGAN INTERVENSI KOMPRES HANGAT DAN KOMPRES DINGIN PADA NYERI SENDI PASIEN : STUDI KASUS KEPERAWATAN PASIEN ASAM URAT
Authors: Ono Sutiyono , Riniasih Wahyu , Sari Erni Puspikha 
Published: April 2024

Latar Belakang; Asam urat (gout arthritis) merupakan penyakit yang disebabkan oleh tingginya kadar asam urat (>7,5 dl) yang menyerang persendian. Asam urat dapat disebabkan karena konsumsi makanan mengandung tinggi zat purin. Adanya peningkatan zat purin akan mengakibatkan nyeri pada pasien. Salah satu tindakan perawat dalam penanganan asam urat dengan kompres.Metodologi; Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian kualitatif dengan pendeketan studi kasus. Sampel dalam penelitian ini menggunakan Teknik proposive sampling. Kriteria inklusi dalam penelitian ini adalah pasien dengan tingkat nyeri sedang pada kasus asam urat. Analisis data menggunakan analisis isi dengan melihat hasil perbandiangan kompres hangat dan dingin pada kasus tingkat nyeri sedang pasien asam urat.Hasil; Berdasarkan penelitian yang telah dilakukan pada dua klien yang berbeda didapatkan perbedaan hasil kompres hangat dengan kompres dingin yaitu pada kompres hangat dilakukan pada Ny.N yang mengalami nyeri asam urat tanpa cidera atupun pembengkakan terdapat hasil penurunan nyeri yang berangsur secara perlahan dari skala 6 menurun menjadi skala 2. Sedangkan hasil yang didapatkan pada Ny.S yang disertai dengan pembengkakan diberikan tindakan kompres dingin dengan hasil penurunan nyeri dari skala 6 turun secara perlahan menjadi skala 3 dan bengkak berangsur hilang. Kesimpulan: Pada penggunaan kompres hangat dengan kompres dingin dapat disimpulkan pemberian kompres hangat lebih efektif menurunkan nyeri asam urat dibandingkan dengan pemberian kompres dingin.
Oxygen-related defects in 4H-SiC from first principles
Authors: Iwamoto Sosuke , Shimura Takayoshi , Watanabe Heiji , Kobayashi Takuma 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
We investigated the abundance, structures, energy levels, and spin states of oxygen-related defects in 4H-SiC on the basis of first-principles calculations. We applied a hybrid functional in the overall calculations, which gives reliable defect properties, and also considered relevant defect charge states. We identified the oxygen interstitial (O
i,1), substitutional oxygen (OC), and oxygen-vacancy (OC
V
Si) complex as prominent defects in n-type conditions. Among them, OC
V
Si was predicted as a spin-1 defect with NIR emission in a previous study. On the basis of the obtained results, we discuss the possible spin decoherence sources when employing OC
V
Si as a spin-to-photon interface.
Exploration of Mental Health and Well-Being of Healthcare Professionals During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Aldabergenova Taurzhan K. , Eniola Anthony Abiodun , Orynbayeva Bibi-Aisha Sh. , Sarsenbayeva Feruza S. , Askarova Nurzhamal S. , Shitu Sidikat 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Introduction
In response to curbing the spread of SARS-CoV-2, healthcare professionals (HCPs) encounter a multitude of mental stresses. The primary intent was to explore the mental health and well-being experienced by HCPs in Ekiti State, Nigeria, amid the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods
Data were analyzed using inductive qualitative methodology. The study was undertaken among HCPs in two teaching hospitals in Ekiti State during the SARS-CoV-2 outbreak. Convenience sampling techniques were employed to select participants for this study. A comprehensive interview ranging from 30 to 50 minutes per participant was administered to a sample of 14 HCPs (doctors and nurses) representing various departments within the hospital. The interviews were conducted between March 2020 and May 2020. COVID-19 stressful situations, the physiological consequences of stress, personality, disposition, stress management techniques, and coping mechanisms were evaluated.

Results
The study outcomes indicate that a significant proportion of HCPs currently face mental well-being. The primary sources of stress identified in this study included heavy workloads and pressure from social media platforms and government agencies. The outbreak crisis significantly influenced on their lives and work, with the fear of catching diseases and their anxiety about spreading infections to their loved ones.

Conclusions
HCPs require a secure working environment during the current circumstances, along with an enhanced support system to alleviate stressors. This study contributes to a significant proportion of HCPs currently facing stress.
HISTÓRIA E FILOSOFIA DA CIÊNCIA NA FORMAÇÃO CONTINUADA DE PROFESSORES DOS ANOS INICIAIS DO ENSINO FUNDAMENTAL: POSSÍVEIS DIÁLOGOS PARA UMA EDUCAÇÃO ANTIRRACISTA
Authors: Teixeira da Silva Polez Franciele , Moscon Oliveira Eduardo Augusto 
Published: April 2024

Este estudo parte de uma pesquisa de mestrado profissional, realizada no Programa de Pós-Graduação de Educação em Ciências e Matemática (Educimat/Ifes) e objetiva apresentar como o uso da História e Filosofia da Ciência, na formação continuada de professores dos Anos Iniciais do Ensino Fundamental, pode ser um caminho para o desenvolvimento de uma educação antirracista. Ancorados na perspectiva da Alfabetização Científica, os diálogos formativos buscaram discutir e refletir sobre o papel da Ciência na legitimação do racismo, fomentando práticas pedagógicas no contexto da Lei Federal nº 10.639/2003. A experiência da pesquisa nos permite reconhecer que o Ensino de Ciências nos Anos Iniciais do Ensino Fundamental pode ser um grande aliado no combate ao racismo, sendo o campo da História e Filosofia da Ciência um caminho de muitas possibilidades.
Global Distribution of Brachyuran Crabs in Mangroves
Authors: Wah Min Wah , Kathiresan K. 
Published: April 2024

The present work has compiled a total of 389 brachyuran crab species belonging to 188 genera and 38 families to be present in mangrove forests across 122 countries/territories in 10 sub-regions of two global hemispheres viz., Indo-West Pacific (IWP) and Atlantic East Pacific (AEP). The mangrove crabs are highly diverse in the IWP as compared to AEP. They exceed 100 species in nine countries of the IWP viz., Indonesia, India, Japan, Thailand, Australia, Singapore, Philippines, Malaysia, and China. The least number of mangrove crab species (> 10) are found to be present in 38 countries under the AEP. Four countries/territories do not have any record of mangrove crabs. Sesarmidae is the predominant family of mangrove crabs, followed by Ocypodidae and Portunidae. The present work also has brought out 818 synonyms, which otherwise interfere with the preparation of a checklist for an exact number of crab species. It is a matter of necessity to conserve the crabs, which are keystone species of the mangrove ecosystems.
ASASSN-18ap: A Dusty Tidal Disruption Event Candidate with an Early Bump in the Light Curve
Authors: Wang Yibo , Wang Tinggui , Jiang Ning , Zhang Xiaer , Zhu Jiazheng , Shu Xinwen , Huang Shifeng , Zhang FaBao , Sheng Zhenfeng , Lin Zheyu 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
We reexamined the classification of the optical transient ASASSN-18ap, which was initially identified as a supernova (SN) upon its discovery. Based on newly emerged phenomena, such as a delayed luminous infrared outburst and the emergence of luminous coronal emission lines, we suggest that ASASSN-18ap is more likely a tidal disruption event (TDE) in a dusty environment, rather than an SN. The total energy in the infrared outburst is 3.1 × 1051 erg, which is an order of magnitude higher than the total energy in the optical-to-UV range, indicating a large dust extinction, an extra-extreme ultraviolet component, or anisotropic continuum emission. A bumpy feature appeared in the optical light curve at the start of brightening, which was reported in a couple of TDEs very recently. This early bump may have been overlooked in the past, due to the lack of sufficient sampling of the light curves of most TDEs during their ascending phase, and it could provide insight into the origin of optical emission.
Ground-based and JWST Observations of SN 2022pul. II. Evidence from Nebular Spectroscopy for a Violent Merger in a Peculiar Type Ia Supernova
Authors: Kwok Lindsey A. , Siebert Matthew R. , Johansson Joel , Jha Saurabh W. , Blondin Stéphane , Dessart Luc , Foley Ryan J. , Hillier D. John , Larison Conor , Pakmor Rüdiger , Temim Tea , Andrews Jennifer E. , Auchettl Katie , Badenes Carles , Barnabas Barna , Bostroem K. Azalee , Brenner Newman Max J. , Brink Thomas G. , Bustamante-Rosell María José , Camacho-Neves Yssavo , Clocchiatti Alejandro , Coulter David A. , Davis Kyle W. , Deckers Maxime , Dimitriadis Georgios , Dong Yize , Farah Joseph , Filippenko Alexei V. , Flörs Andreas , Fox Ori D. , Garnavich Peter , Padilla Gonzalez Estefania , Graur Or , Hambsch Franz-Josef , Hosseinzadeh Griffin , Howell D. Andrew , Hughes John P. , Kerzendorf Wolfgang E. , Saux Xavier K. , Maeda Keiichi , Maguire Kate , McCully Curtis , Mihalenko Cassidy , Newsome Megan , O’Brien John T. , Pearson Jeniveve , Pellegrino Craig , Pierel Justin D. R. , Polin Abigail , Rest Armin , Rojas-Bravo César , Sand David J. , Schwab Michaela , Shahbandeh Melissa , Shrestha Manisha , Smith Nathan , Strolger Louis-Gregory , Szalai Tamás , Taggart Kirsty , Terreran Giacomo , Terwel Jacco H. , Tinyanont Samaporn , Valenti Stefano , Vinkó József , Wheeler J. Craig , Yang Yi , Zheng WeiKang , Ashall Chris , DerKacy James M. , Galbany Lluís , Hoeflich Peter , de Jaeger Thomas , Lu Jing , Maund Justyn , Medler Kyle , Morell Nidia , Shappee Benjamin J. , Stritzinger Maximilian , Suntzeff Nicholas , Tucker Michael , Wang Lifan 
Published: April 2024

AbstractWe present an analysis of ground-based and JWST observations of SN 2022pul, a peculiar “03fg-like” (or “super-Chandrasekhar”) Type Ia supernova (SN Ia), in the nebular phase at 338 days postexplosion. Our combined spectrum continuously covers 0.4–14μm and includes the first mid-infrared spectrum of a 03fg-like SN Ia. Compared to normal SN Ia 2021aefx, SN 2022pul exhibits a lower mean ionization state, asymmetric emission-line profiles, stronger emission from the intermediate-mass elements (IMEs) argon and calcium, weaker emission from iron-group elements (IGEs), and the first unambiguous detection of neon in a SN Ia. A strong, broad, centrally peaked [Neii] line at 12.81μm was previously predicted as a hallmark of “violent merger” SN Ia models, where dynamical interaction between two sub-MChwhite dwarfs (WDs) causes disruption of the lower-mass WD and detonation of the other. The violent merger scenario was already a leading hypothesis for 03fg-like SNe Ia; in SN 2022pul it can explain the large-scale ejecta asymmetries seen between the IMEs and IGEs and the central location of narrow oxygen and broad neon. We modify extant models to add clumping of the ejecta to reproduce the optical iron emission better, and add mass in the innermost region (<2000 km s−1) to account for the observed narrow [Oi]λλ6300, 6364 emission. A violent WD–WD merger explains many of the observations of SN 2022pul, and our results favor this model interpretation for the subclass of 03fg-like SNe Ia.
Identifying H i Emission and UV Absorber Associations near the Magellanic Stream
Authors: Kim Doyeon A. , Zheng Yong , Putman Mary E. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
We present a new technique to identify associations of H i emission in the Magellanic Stream (MS) and ultraviolet (UV) absorbers from 92 QSO sight lines near the MS. We quantify the level of associations of individual H i elements to the main H i body of the Stream using Wasserstein distance-based models, and derive characteristic spatial and kinematic distances of the H i emission in the MS. With the emission-based model, we further develop a comparison metric, which identifies the dominant associations of individual UV absorbers with respect to the MS and nearby galaxies. For ionized gas associated with the MS probed by C ii, C iv, Si ii, Si iii, Si iv, we find that the ion column densities are generally ∼0.5 dex higher than those that are not associated, and that the gas is more ionized toward the tail of the MS as indicated by the spatial trend of the C ii/C iv ratios. For nearby galaxies, we identify potential new absorbers associated with the circumgalactic medium of M33 and NGC 300, and affirm the associations of absorbers with IC 1613 and the Wolf–Lundmark–Mellote galaxy. For M31, we find the previously identified gradient in column densities as a function of the impact parameter, and that absorbers with higher column densities beyond M31's virial radius are more likely to be associated with the MS. Our analysis of absorbers associated with the Magellanic Clouds reveals the presence of continuous and blended diffuse ionized gas between the Stream and the Clouds. Our technique can be applied to future applications of identifying associations within physically complex gaseous structures.
Constraints on the z ∼ 5 Star-forming Galaxy Luminosity Function From Hubble Space Telescope Imaging of an Unbiased and Complete Sample of Long Gamma-Ray Burst Host Galaxies
Authors: Sears Huei , Chornock Ryan , Strader Jay , Perley Daniel A. , Blanchard Peter K. , Margutti Raffaella , Tanvir Nial R. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
We present rest-frame UV Hubble Space Telescope imaging of the largest and most complete sample of 23 long-duration gamma-ray burst (GRB) host galaxies between redshifts 4 and 6. Of these 23, we present new WFC3/F110W imaging for 19 of the hosts, which we combine with archival WFC3/F110W and WFC3/F140W imaging for the remaining four. We use the photometry of the host galaxies from this sample to characterize both the rest-frame UV luminosity function (LF) and the size–luminosity relation of the sample. We find that when assuming the standard Schechter-function parameterization for the UV LF, the GRB host sample is best fit with

α
=
−

1.30

−
0.25

+
0.30

and

M

*

=
−

20.33

−
0.54

+
0.44

mag, which are consistent with results based on z ∼ 5 Lyman-break galaxies. We find that ∼68% of our size–luminosity measurements fall within or below the same relation for Lyman-break galaxies at z ∼ 4. This study observationally confirms expectations that at z ∼ 5 Lyman-break and GRB host galaxies should trace the same population and demonstrates the utility of GRBs as probes of hidden star formation in the high-redshift Universe. Under the assumption that GRBs unbiasedly trace star formation at this redshift, our nondetection fraction of 7/23 is consistent at the 95% confidence level with 13%–53% of star formation at redshift z ∼ 5 occurring in galaxies fainter than our detection limit of M
1600Å ≈ −18.3 mag.
Identifying Changing-look AGNs Using Variability Characteristics
Authors: Wang Shu , Woo Jong-Hak , Gallo Elena , Guo Hengxiao , Son Donghoon , Kong Minzhi , Mandal Amit Kumar , Cho Hojin , Kim Changseok , Shin Jaejin 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Changing-look (CL) active galactic nuclei (AGNs), characterized by the appearance/disappearance of broad emission lines in the span of a few years, present a challenge for the AGN unified model, whereby the Type 1 versus Type 2 dichotomy results from orientation effects alone. We present a systematic study of a large sample of spectroscopically classified AGNs, using optical variability data from the Zwicky Transient Facility (ZTF) as well as follow-up spectroscopy data. We demonstrate that Type 1 and Type 2 AGNs can be neatly separated on the basis of the variability metric σ
QSO, which quantifies the resemblance of a light curve to a damped random walk model. For a small subsample, however, the ZTF light curves are inconsistent with their previous classification, suggesting the occurrence of a CL event. Specifically, we identify 35 (12) turn-on (turn-off) CL AGN candidates at z < 0.35. Based on follow-up spectroscopy, we confirm 17 (4) turn-on (turn-off) CL AGNs out of 21 (5) candidates, representing a high success rate for our method. Our results suggest that the occurrence rate of CL AGNs is ∼0.3% over timescales of 5–20 yr, and confirm that the CL transition typically occurs at an Eddington ratio of ≲0.01.
Distribution of Merging and Post-merger Galaxies in Nearby Galaxy Clusters
Authors: Kim Duho , Sheen Yun-Kyeong , Jaffé Yara L. , Kelkar Kshitija , Ranjan Adarsh , Piraino-Cerda Franco , Crossett Jacob P. , Costa Lourenço Ana Carolina , Martin Garreth , Nantais Julie B. , Demarco Ricardo , Treister Ezequiel , Yi Sukyoung K. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
We study the incidence and spatial distribution of galaxies that are currently undergoing gravitational merging (M) or that have signs of being post-merger (PM) in six galaxy clusters (A754, A2399, A2670, A3558, A3562, and A3716) within the redshift range of 0.05 ≲ z ≲0.08. To this aim, we obtained Dark Energy Camera mosaics in the

u

′

,

g

′

, and

r

′

bands covering up to 3 × R
200 of the clusters, reaching 28 mag arcsec−2 surface brightness limits. We visually inspect

u

′

g

′

r

′

color-composite images of volume-limited (M

r
< −20) cluster member galaxies to identify whether galaxies are of M or PM type. We find 4% M-type and 7% PM-type galaxies in the galaxy clusters studied. By adding spectroscopic data and studying the projected phase-space diagram (PPSD) of the projected clustocentric radius and the line-of-sight velocity, we find that PM-type galaxies are more virialized than M-type galaxies, having a 1%–5% higher fraction within the escape-velocity region, while the fraction of M-type was ∼10% higher than the PM type in the intermediate environment. Similarly, on a substructure analysis, M types were found in groups in the outskirts, while PM-type populated groups were found in ubiquitous regions of the PPSD. Adopting literature-derived dynamical state indicator values, we observed a higher abundance of M types in dynamically relaxed clusters. This finding suggests that galaxies displaying post-merger features within clusters likely merged in low-velocity environments, including clusters outskirts and dynamically relaxed clusters.
ExoCubed: A Riemann-solver-based Cubed-sphere Dynamic Core for Planetary Atmospheres
Authors: Chen Sihe , Li Cheng 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The computational fluid dynamics on a sphere is relevant to global simulations of geophysical fluid dynamics. Using the conventional spherical–polar (or lat–lon) grid results in a singularity at the poles, with orders-of-magnitude-smaller cell sizes at the poles in comparison to the equator. To address this problem, we developed a general circulation model (dynamic core) with a gnomonic equiangular cubed-sphere configuration. This model is developed based on the Simulating Nonhydrostatic Atmospheres on Planets model, using a finite-volume numerical scheme with a Riemann-solver-based dynamic core and the vertical implicit correction scheme. This change of the horizontal configuration gives a 20-time acceleration of global simulations compared to the lat–lon grid with a similar number of cells at medium resolution. We presented standard tests ranging from 2D shallow-water models to 3D general circulation tests, including Earth-like planets and shallow hot Jupiters, to validate the accuracy of the model. The method described in this article is generic to transform any existing finite-volume hydrodynamic model in the Cartesian geometry to the spherical geometry.
The Next Generation Virgo Cluster Survey (NGVS). III. A Catalog of Surface Brightness Fluctuation Distances and the Three-dimensional Distribution of Galaxies in the Virgo Cluster
Authors: Cantiello Michele , Blakeslee John P. , Ferrarese Laura , Côté Patrick , Raimondo Gabriella , Cuillandre Jean-Charles , Durrell Patrick R. , Gwyn Stephen , Hazra Nandini , Peng Eric W. , Roediger Joel C. , Sánchez-Janssen Rúben , Kurzner Max 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The surface brightness fluctuation (SBF) method is a robust and efficient way of measuring distances to galaxies containing evolved stellar populations. Although many recent applications of the method have used space-based imaging, SBF remains a powerful technique for ground-based telescopes. Deep, wide-field imaging surveys with subarcsecond seeing enable SBF measurements for numerous nearby galaxies. Using a preliminary calibration, Cantiello et al. presented SBF distances for 89 bright, mainly early-type galaxies observed in the Next Generation Virgo Cluster Survey. Here we present a refined calibration and SBF distances for 278 galaxies extending several magnitudes fainter than in previous work. The derived distances have uncertainties of 5%–12% depending on the properties of the individual galaxies, and our sample is more than 3 times larger than any previous SBF study of this region. Virgo has a famously complex structure with numerous subclusters, clouds, and groups; we associate individual galaxies with the various substructures and map their three-dimensional spatial distribution. Curiously, subcluster A, centered around M87, appears to have two peaks in distance: the main peak at ∼16.5 Mpc, and a smaller one at ∼19.4 Mpc. Subclusters B and C have distances of ∼15.8 Mpc. The W and W

′

groups form a filament-like structure, extending more than 15 Mpc behind the cluster with a commensurate velocity increase of ∼1000 km s−1 along its length. These measurements are a valuable resource for future studies of the relationship between galaxy properties and local environment within a dynamic and evolving region.
Photon Rings and Shadow Size for General Axisymmetric and Stationary Integrable Spacetimes
Authors: Salehi Kiana , Broderick Avery E. , Georgiev Boris 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
There are now multiple direct probes of the region near black hole horizons, including direct imaging with the Event Horizon Telescope (EHT). As a result, it is now of considerable interest to identify what aspects of the underlying spacetime are constrained by these observations. For this purpose, we present a new formulation of an existing broad class of integrable, axisymmetric, stationary spinning black hole spacetimes, specified by four free radial functions, that makes manifest which functions are responsible for setting the location and morphology of the event horizon and ergosphere. We explore the size of the black hole shadow and higher-order photon rings for polar observers, approximately appropriate for the EHT observations of M87*, finding analogous expressions to those for general spherical spacetimes. Of particular interest, we find that these are independent of the properties of the ergosphere, but do directly probe the free function that defines the event horizon. Based on those expressions, we extend the nonperturbative, nonparametric characterization of the gravitational implications of various near-horizon measurements to spinning spacetimes. Finally, we demonstrate this characterization for a handful of explicit alternative spacetimes.