bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Use of technology in neonatal nutrition
Authors: Miller Cristina , Plummer Erin , Platek Jenna , Arneson Steffi 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThere have been rapidly expanding uses of technology to enhance and improve nutrition in our smallest patients. Optimized nutrition in the neonatal patient is linked to improved outcomes, specifically neurodevelopmental outcomes and decreased length of stay. Despite advances in neonatal care that have improved survival, many patients being discharged from the neonatal intensive care unit are doing so with poor postnatal growth. Because the neonatal brain doubles in size from 20 weeks gestation to term, it is essential to focus care efforts on nutrition to optimize brain growth and development. This review focuses on three exciting areas of neonatal research, including the analysis of macronutrients in breast milk, measurement of body composition, and use of telemedicine.
Job satisfaction and the role of self‐esteem and self‐efficacy: A cross‐sectional study among Iranian nurses
Authors: Ghaleh Raha Jafari , Mohsenipouya Hossein , Hosseinnataj Abolfazl , Al‐Mamun Firoj , Mamun Mohammed A. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAimThis study aims to investigate the relationship between nurses' self‐efficacy and self‐esteem, and their job satisfaction.DesignA cross‐sectional study was conducted.MethodsEmploying a random sampling method that included 234 nurses from three hospitals in Iran enrolled. This study utilized the General Self‐Efficacy Questionnaire, Coppersmith Self‐Esteem Inventory, and Minnesota Job Satisfaction Questionnaire. Descriptive analysis, independent t‐tests, Pearson correlation analyses, and linear regression were employed for data analysis.ResultsThe mean self‐efficacy score for nurses was 26.73 ± 5.62 (out of 40), while self‐esteem and job satisfaction scored 37.13 ± 6.87 (out of 50) and 68.27 ± 12.65 (out of 100), respectively. Significant correlations were found between self‐efficacy, self‐esteem, and job satisfaction. Moreover, self‐esteem and the age group >40 years were identified as important predictors of nurses' job satisfaction. This study highlights the influential role of self‐esteem in determining nurses' job satisfaction.
Pollution concentration monitoring using a new Birnbaum–Saunders control chart
Authors: Lu Ming‐Che , Yang Su‐Fen 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAir pollution monitoring is an important issue in environmental science. The Birnbaum–Saunders (BS) distribution, originally applied to describe product failure time distribution to fatigue failures and general random wear failures, is also well to describe the pollutant concentration data due to accumulations of various pollutants in the air over time. Sulfur dioxide (SO2) is a critical factor in air pollution. Hence, it is important to monitor its concentration variation for air pollution prevention. Due to the complexity of its distribution form, there is no reliable and easy‐to‐use control chart for monitoring pollutant concentrations based on the BS distribution. We found that the SO2 concentration data follows the BS distribution. In this study, we propose a new median control chart based on the exact sampling distribution of the monitoring statistic to detect shifts in the median of BS distribution. Thus, given the false alarm rate, the control limits for such control charts can be obtained precisely satisfying a preset in‐control average run length using Monte Carlo simulations. The out‐of‐control average run lengths are calculated by simulation to evaluate the detection performance of the proposed chart when the median shifts occur. We further compare the detection performance of the proposed chart and those of the existing control charts based on asymptotic sampling distributions. In order to improve the detection ability of the proposed chart for small median shifts, an exponentially weighted moving average (EWMA) control chart is constructed. The results of numerical analyses demonstrated that the proposed EWMA chart performs much better than all existing control charts for monitoring the median of BS distribution. Finally, the proposed control charts are applied to monitor the median of SO2 concentrations for air pollution control, showing that both charts can effectively detect a shift in the median of SO2 concentrations. The proposed EWMA control chart even detects out a small shift in the median of SO2 concentrations. The results provide a continuous monitoring solution for air pollution prevention.
Direction Dependent Ferroelectricity and Conductivity in a Single Crystal 2D Halide Double Perovskite
Authors: Rajput Shubham Ajaykumar , Antharjanam Sudhadevi , Chandiran Aravind Kumar 
Published: June 2024

AbstractHalide ferroelectric materials have garnered a lot of interest because of their distinctive electrical and structural characteristics. In this study, the design and development of a new non‐centrosymmetric 2D layered halide double perovskite material, Cl1.14Br2.86PA4AgInBr8 (CPAIn) is reported. This material shows ferroelectric properties above room temperature, with a Curie temperature of 190 °C. This behavior is achieved through the substitution of the halogenated A‐site organic linker, 3‐chloropropylammonium. CPAIn exhibits anisotropic ferroelectric behavior with higher spontaneous polarization of 6.25 µC cm−2 along the perpendicular direction to the octahedral layers, whereas the value decreases to 0.174 µC cm−2 between sheets. While using bottom contact to study the nature of polarity within a sheet, the P‐E loop displays capacitive loop. The nature and value of polarization is highly direction dependent, and to further understand the mechanism of conduction, a combination of temperature‐dependent impedance studies and poling dependent conductivity techniques are employed. These directional dependent properties hold immense potential in memory devices, sensors and photovoltaics, piezoelectric devices and energy storage.
Rational Construction of Bi2CuO12Se4 and VGCFs@Fe2O3 Composite Electrodes for High‐Performance Semi‐Solid‐State Asymmetric Supercapacitors
Authors: Nagaraju Manchi , Ramulu Bhimanaboina , Arbaz Shaik Junied , Shankar Edugulla Girija , Kiran Ampasala Surya , Yu Jae Su 
Published: June 2024

AbstractRecently, supercapacitors (SCs) are extensively explored as effective energy storage devices. Specifically, asymmetric SCs are being developed to enhance energy density using suitable materials with favorable nanostructures. This study describes the construction of a bismuth copper selenite (BCS‐200) working electrode with an ultrathin nanosheet (UTNS) architecture. This morphology is achieved using a low‐cost electrodeposition (ED) method, followed by annealing. The impact of ED time on the development of morphology is studied by synthesizing comparative electrodes simultaneously. The optimized BCS‐200 electrode prepared with a deposition time of 200 s shows higher specific capacity/capacitance (Cs/Csc) values of 330.9 mAh g−1/2206.6 F g−1 than the other synthesized electrodes (BCS‐100, BCS‐150, BCS‐250, and BCS‐300). Besides, a vapor‐grown carbon fiber (VGCF)‐added Fe2O3 composite coated on nickel foam (NF) is developed as a negative electrode. The VGCFs@Fe2O3/NF electrode exhibits the (Cs/Csc) values of 183.5 mAh g−1/734.4 F g−1, which is associated with ultra‐high cycling stability. In addition, the fabricated BCS‐200 and VGCFs@Fe2O3/NF electrodes are combined to construct a wearable semi‐solid‐state asymmetric SC (SSASC) with an energy density (Ed) of 20.5 Wh kg−1 and a cycling stability of 91.7% over 40000 charge/discharge cycles. Furthermore, the real‐time applicability of the SSASC is verified by powering it in practical applications.
Novel Stability–Indicating Reverse‐Phase High‐Performance Liquid Chromatography Technique for Apremilast Quantification in Pharmaceuticals and Nanovesicular Systems: A Design of Experiment Approach
Authors: Sutar Kishori P. , Jalalpure Sunil S. , Kurangi Bhaskar 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACTAn accurate and precise reverse‐phase high‐performance liquid chromatographic technique for apremilast (APR) quantification in bulk, commercial tablets, and formulated APR‐loaded nanoformulations was developed and validated by the design of the experiment approach in accordance with the International Conference of Harmonization guidelines. APR was separated by using formic acid buffer (0.1%; pH 3.2):methanol (40:60, v/v) as a solvent system with a flow rate of 1 mL/min and was detected at a wavelength of 230 nm with a retention time of 7.1 min. The central composite design was employed to optimize the developed analytical method. The calibration curve for APR was linear (r2 = 0.999), with a limit of detection of 0.5 µg/mL and a limit of quantification of 1.52 µg/mL, respectively. A recovery of APR in tablet and nanoformulation was observed in the 98.56%–99.32% range. Forced degradation studies revealed the stability of the proposed analytical method, as the APR peak remained unchanged under stress‐induced degradation experiments. Hence, the proposed chromatographic technique with a cost‐effective solvent system could be employed in the pharmaceutical industry for estimating APR in various formulations.
Sodium‐Glucose Co‐Transporter‐2 Inhibitor Empagliflozin Attenuates Sorafenib‐Induced Myocardial Inflammation and Toxicity
Authors: Liu Ching‐Han , Ho Yu‐Cheng , Lee Wen‐Chin , Huang Cheng‐Yi , Lee Yung‐Kuo , Hsieh Chung‐Bao , Huang Nan‐Chieh , Wu Cheng‐Chun , Nguyen Ngoc Uyen Nhi , Hsu Ching‐Cheng , Chen Chiu‐Hua , Chen Yao‐Chang , Huang Wei‐Chun , Lu Yen‐Yu , Fang Cheng‐Chieh , Chang Yi‐Chen , Chang Chen‐Lin , Tsai Ming‐Kai , Wen Zhi‐Hong , Li Chiao‐Zhu , Li Chiao‐Ching , Chuang Po‐Kai , Yang Shih‐Ming , Chu Tian‐Huei , Huang Shih‐Chung 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACTEnvironmental antineoplastics such as sorafenib may pose a risk to humans through water recycling, and the increased risk of cardiotoxicity is a clinical issue in sorafenib users. Thus, developing strategies to prevent sorafenib cardiotoxicity is an urgent work. Empagliflozin, as a sodium‐glucose co‐transporter‐2 (SGLT2) inhibitor for type 2 diabetes control, has been approved for heart failure therapy. Still, its cardioprotective effect in the experimental model of sorafenib cardiotoxicity has not yet been reported. Real‐time quantitative RT‐PCR (qRT‐PCR), immunoblot, and immunohistochemical analyses were applied to study the effect of sorafenib exposure on cardiac SGLT2 expression. The impact of empagliflozin on cell viability was investigated in the sorafenib‐treated cardiomyocytes using Alamar blue assay. Immunoblot analysis was employed to delineate the effect of sorafenib and empagliflozin on ferroptosis/proinflammatory signaling in cardiomyocytes. Ferroptosis/DNA damage/fibrosis/inflammation of myocardial tissues was studied in mice with a 28‐day sorafenib ± empagliflozin treatment using histological analyses. Sorafenib exposure significantly promoted SGLT2 upregulation in cardiomyocytes and mouse hearts. Empagliflozin treatment significantly attenuated the sorafenib‐induced cytotoxicity/DNA damage/fibrosis in cardiomyocytes and mouse hearts. Moreover, GPX4/xCT‐dependent ferroptosis as an inducer for releasing high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) was also blocked by empagliflozin administration in the sorafenib‐treated cardiomyocytes and myocardial tissues. Furthermore, empagliflozin treatment significantly inhibited the sorafenib‐promoted NFκB/HMGB1 axis in cardiomyocytes and myocardial tissues, and sorafenib‐stimulated proinflammatory signaling (TNF‐α/IL‐1β/IL‐6) was repressed by empagliflozin administration. Finally, empagliflozin treatment significantly attenuated the sorafenib‐promoted macrophage recruitments in mouse hearts. In conclusion, empagliflozin may act as a cardioprotective agent for humans under sorafenib exposure by modulating ferroptosis/DNA damage/fibrosis/inflammation. However, further clinical evidence is required to support this preclinical finding.
Introduction
Authors: Tokdoğan Nagehan 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIn the introduction, I put forward the questions this book seeks to answer; What lies behind the enduring success of AKP rule in Turkey? What role do the politics of emotions play in this success? What does AKP’s Neo-Ottomanist narrative, and the symbols it uses, convey to the Turkish nation? And what does it demand from its recipients? Why has the narrative been embraced by certain sections of Turkish society, and what are the emotional needs and urges behind this? And, finally, how do the emotions around the narrative bring together the past, the present and the future, while creating a new national mood in society? Through the answers to these questions, this book will interrogate two decades of the AKP rule with a specific focus on politics of emotions.
Spoken Language Change Detection Inspired by Speaker Change Detection
Authors: Mishra Jagabandhu , Prasanna S. R. M. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractSpoken language change detection (LCD) refers to identifying the language transitions in a code-switched utterance. Similarly, identifying the speaker transitions in a multispeaker utterance is known as speaker change detection (SCD). Since tasks-wise both are similar, the architecture/framework developed for the SCD task may be suitable for the LCD task. Hence, the aim of the present work is to develop LCD systems inspired by SCD. Initially, both LCD and SCD are performed by humans. The study suggests humans require (a) a larger duration around the change point and (b) language-specific prior exposure, for performing LCD as compared to SCD. The larger duration requirement is incorporated by increasing the analysis window length of the unsupervised distance-based approach. This leads to a relative performance improvement of$$29.1\%$$29.1%and$$2.4\%$$2.4%, and a priori language knowledge provides a relative improvement of$$31.63\%$$31.63%and$$4.01\%$$4.01%on the synthetic and practical codeswitched datasets, respectively. The performance difference between the practical and synthetic datasets is mostly due to differences in the distribution of the monolingual segment duration.
Feasibility study of adhesively bonded drills with a small diameter for cutting of CFRP
Authors: Stribick Sascha , Wüsteney Julian , Demir Demet 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAdhesively bonded cutting tools possess many advantages over classic (insert) tools due to different manufacturing processes: With reduced manufacturing temperatures, the damage to the cutting edge decreases, and the damping effects of the adhesive enhance the tool’s life. In contrast to standard joining technologies like soldering, adhesive bonding enables the joining of various cutting materials and tool base bodies, like ceramic and steel. Furthermore, the usage of expensive, abrasive-resisted cutting materials, like carbide, has to be reduced in future because of the classification of the components (cobalt, wolfram carbide) as a critical resource. Therefore, this article conducts a feasibility study of adhesively bonded drills with a ceramic tip for cutting carbon-fiber-reinforced plastics. The main contents are investigations of different surface preparation methods (laser surface texturing and SACO-blasting), examining four different adhesives for cutting tool usage, and manufacturing and validating prototype drills for cutting operations. The experimental results show a high scattering of the toughness of the joints between 2.8 MPa and 27.8 MPa, depending on the combination of surface preparation and adhesives. Also, the choice of adhesive influences the performance of the manufactured drills. The maximum number of drilled holes scatters between 15 and 67 holes before breakage. A linear relation within the analysis of axial forces and factors of the covered area is observed. For further studies, the surface preparation needs to be improved, the glass transition temperature must be maximized, and the drill geometry must be optimized. Furthermore, a cooling concept for the cutting tools needs to be investigated.
A new approach of preheating and powder sintering in electron beam powder bed fusion
Authors: Böhm Jonas , Breuning Christoph , Markl Matthias , Körner Carolin 
Published: June 2024

AbstractPreheating is an essential process step in electron beam powder bed fusion. It has the purpose of establishing a sintered powder bed and maintaining an elevated temperature. The sintered powder bed reduces the risk of smoke and in combination with the elevated temperature improves the processability. Today, the line-ordering preheating scheme is widely used. This scheme does not take the previously built layers into account and results in an inhomogeneous elevated temperature and consequently in a variety of sinter degrees, which is disadvantageous for the process. The main challenge is now to modify this scheme to establish a homogeneous temperature distribution. This study addresses this challenge and analyses as well as optimises this scheme. A GPU-parallelised thermal model reveals a heterogeneous temperature distribution during preheating because of varying thermal conditions within a build job. In addition, a work-of-sintering model predicts that the sinter degree of the current powder layer on top of previously consolidated material is smaller than on top of the surrounding powder bed. This work aims to invert this trend to improve powder re-usage and material consolidation. Consequently, this work proposes an extension of the current scheme, compensating for the specific energy loss with local adjustments to the energy input. This adaption results in a uniform temperature distribution and advantageous sintering. Applying the proposed numerical model proves to be an effective method to analyse the evolving process conditions and tailor the local energy input, thereby improving the efficiency of the preheating step.
Fast solution of incompressible flow problems with two-level pressure approximation
Authors: Pestana Jennifer , Silvester David J. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis paper develops efficient preconditioned iterative solvers for incompressible flow problems discretised by an enriched Taylor–Hood mixed approximation, in which the usual pressure space is augmented by a piecewise constant pressure to ensure local mass conservation. This enrichment process causes over-specification of the pressure when the pressure space is defined by the union of standard Taylor–Hood basis functions and piecewise constant pressure basis functions, which complicates the design and implementation of efficient solvers for the resulting linear systems. We first describe the impact of this choice of pressure space specification on the matrices involved. Next, we show how to recover effective solvers for Stokes problems, with preconditioners based on the singular pressure mass matrix, and for Oseen systems arising from linearised Navier–Stokes equations, by using a two-stage pressure convection–diffusion strategy. The codes used to generate the numerical results are available online.
Biomechanical changes following corneal crosslinking in keratoconus patients
Authors: Felter Emilia , Khoramnia Ramin , Friedrich Maximilian , Son Hyeck-Soo , Auffarth Gerd U. , Augustin Victor A. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Purpose
To evaluate the biomechanical and tomographic outcomes of keratoconus patients up to four years after corneal crosslinking (CXL).

Methods
In this longitudinal retrospective-prospective single-center case series, the preoperative tomographic and biomechanical results from 200 keratoconus eyes of 161 patients undergoing CXL were compared to follow-up examinations at three-months, six-months, one-year, two-years, three-years, and four-years after CXL. Primary outcomes included the Corvis Biomechanical Factor (CBiF) and five biomechanical response parameters obtained from the Corvis ST. Tomographically, the Belin-Ambrósio deviation index (BAD-D) and the maximal keratometry (Kmax) measured by the Pentacam were analyzed. Additionally, Corvis E-staging, the thinnest corneal thickness (TCT), and the best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) were obtained. Primary outcomes were compared using a paired t-test.

Results
The CBiF decreased significantly at the six-month (p < 0.001) and one-year (p < 0.001) follow-ups when compared to preoperative values. E-staging behaved accordingly to the CBiF. Within the two- to four-year follow-ups, the biomechanical outcomes showed no significant differences when compared to preoperative. Tomographically, the BAD-D increased significantly during the first year after CXL with a maximum at six-months (p < 0.001), while Kmax decreased significantly (p < 0.001) and continuously up to four years after CXL. The TCT was lower at all postoperative follow-up visits compared to preoperative, and the BCVA improved.

Conclusion
In the first year after CXL, there was a temporary progression in both the biomechanical CBiF and E-staging, as well as in the tomographic analysis. CXL contributes to the stabilization of both the tomographic and biomechanical properties of the cornea up to four years postoperatively.
The effect of preemptive retrolaminar block on lumbar spinal decompression surgery
Authors: Peker Kevser , Aydın Gülçin , Gençay Işin , Saraçoğlu Ayşe Gizem , Şahin Ahmet Tuğrul , Öğden Mustafa , Peker Seydi Ali 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Spinal decompression surgery causes severe pain. Retrolaminar block (RLB) is block, which is done by infiltration of local anesthetic to block spinal nerves between the lamina and superior costotransversospinalis muscle. The primary aim of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of RLB on postoperative analgesia in patients undergoing spinal surgery. Secondary aims are effects on additional anesthetic and analgesic consumption.

Methods
The sixty (60) patients who underwent lumbar spinal surgery between May 2020 and May 2021 under general anesthesia with or without applied preemptive RLB for postoperative analgesia were included in this prospective observational study. Group I received ultrasound-guided preemptive RLB. In Group II, no intervention was performed. Postoperative VAS scores were compared in groups as primary outcome, perioperative additional anesthetic and analgesic needs were compared as secondary outcome.

Results
There was a significant difference between the groups in favor of the RLB group in terms of postoperative VAS scores at rest [1.33 (0.33–3.509)] and movement [2.40 (1.20–4.00)] (p < 0.001). Perioperative sevoflurane consumption was significantly low in block group (p < 0.001). Postoperative tramadol consumption was lower in Group I compared with Group II [Group 1: 200 (100–300); Group 2: 37.5 (0–200); p < 0.001].

Conclusion
Preemptive RLB may be used to reduce patients' pain in lumbar decompression surgery as well as to be part of a multimodal analgesia and anesthesia regimen to reduce anesthetic and analgesic drug consumption.
Trial registration numberClinicalTrials.gov (No. NCT04209907).