bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Role of Helicobacter pylori infection on neuronal expression in the stomach and spinal cord of a murine model
Authors: LI Xiao Bo , CHEN Hui Min , LU Hong , ZHENG Qing , CHEN Xiao Yu , PENG Yan Shen , GE Zhi Zheng , LIU Wen Zhong 
Published: October 2009

OBJECTIVE:  To investigate the effect of Helicobactor pylori (H. pylori) infection on neuronal expressions in the stomach and spinal cord of mice so as to explain dyspepsia symptoms in H. pylori infected patients.METHODS:  C57BL/6 female mice were studied at 2 weeks (acute infection group) and 12 weeks (chronic infection group) after H. pylori inoculation. Histological analyses for gastric inflammation and bacterial colonization were assessed by HE staining and Warthin–Starry staining. Fos, vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) and calcitonin gene‐related peptide expressions (CGRP) were studied by immunohistochemistry.RESULTS:  H. pylori colonization was present mainly in pyloric region, but bacterial density was similar in both infected groups. The intensity of mucosal inflammation and activity was significantly higher in two infected groups than in those in the control group. The degree of mononuclear and polymorphonuclear cell infiltration in proventricular‐glandular region and gastric corpus at 12 weeks after H. pylori inoculation was higher than that at 2 weeks after inoculation. The neuronal expressions of fos, VIP, and CGRP in the stomach and spinal cord were significantly more marked in the infected groups than in the control group, but there was no significant difference between two infected groups.CONCLUSION:  H. pylori infection induced different degrees of gastric mucosal inflammation in the murine model. Both early and chronic infection groups of mice showed enhanced neuronal expressions of fos, VIP and CGRP of stomach and spinal cord and these could form a basis for appearance of functional dyspeptic symptoms in patients with H. pylori infection.
Cholesterol metabolism and expression of its relevant genes in cultured steatotic hepatocytes
Authors: WANG Xiao Hong , TIAN Yan , GUO Zhao Jun , FAN Zhu Ping , QIU De Kai , ZENG Min De 
Published: October 2009

OBJECTIVE:  To investigate the cholesterol metabolism and mRNA expression of the relevant genes in cholesterol synthesis of the cultured steatotic hepatocytes model.METHODS:  A steatotic model of hepatocytes was constructed by adding palmitic acid to the growing L‐02 cells. These cells were collected at day 3 and 6, respectively. Cells with the culture solution without palmitic acid added served as the control. The contents of intracellular triglyceride (TG) and total cholesterol (TC) were detected by the analysis kit. The expression of sterol‐regulatory element binding protein‐2 (SREBP‐2) and its target gene hydroxymethylglutaryl CoA reductase (HMGCR) and low‐density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) were measured by RT‐PCR.RESULTS:  Hepatocyte steatosis was observed at day 3 and became more intense at day 6. The contents of intracellular TG and TC were increased and the expression of the SREBP‐2, HMGCR and LDLR mRNA were upregulated in a time‐dependent manner in the model group. Compared with the control group, the content of intracellular TG was higher at both day 3 and 6 (P < 0.05), while the content of intracellular TC was significantly increased only at day 6; The expression of HMGCR and LDLR mRNA was upregulated in steatotic hepatocytes at both day 3 and 6 (P < 0.05), whereas the SREBP‐2 mRNA was increased only at day 6 (P < 0.05).CONCLUSION:  Cholesterol accumulation is probably due to the upregulated expression of the relevant genes in the cholesterol synthesis of the steatotic hepatocytes.
The role of entecavir in preventing hepatitis B recurrence after liver transplantation
Authors: XI Zhi Feng , XIA Qiang , ZHANG Jian Jun , CHEN Xiao Song , HAN Long Zhi , WANG Xin , SHEN Cong Huan , LUO Yi , XIN Tian Yu , WANG Si Yue , QIU De Kai 
Published: October 2009

OBJECTIVE:  Although hepatitis B recurrence after liver transplantation has been reduced to 0%–10% since the application of the combination therapy of hepatitis B immunoglobulin (HBIG) and lamivudine, the viral mutation resistance of lamivudine is still an obstacle to the outcome of liver transplantation. Here we evaluate the role of entecavir in preventing hepatitis B recurrence after liver transplantation.METHODS:Patients who received a liver transplantation for hepatitis B virus (HBV)‐related end‐stage liver disease in our center from March 2006 to December 2008 were enrolled in this study. All patients received entecavir (0.5 mg orally, daily) or lamivudine (100 mg orally, daily) together with a long‐term low dosage of HBIG to prevent hepatitis B recurrence after transplantation. Serum viral markers (HBsAg, anti‐HBs, HBeAg, anti‐HBc and anti‐HBe) and HBV‐DNA level were determined.RESULTS:  Thirty patients receiving entecavir and 90 patients receiving lamivudine were matched with the same age and sex in both groups. No reinfection of hepatitis B was detected in the entecavir group. The hepatitis B surface antigen of patients in the entecavir group became negative within one week and no patient had any adverse effect relating to entecavir. There was no difference in the cumulative survival rate between the entecavir group and the lamivudine group (P > 0.05).CONCLUSION:  This study shows that entecavir combined with low dosages of HBIG is effective and safe in preventing hepatitis B recurrence after liver transplantation, but its long‐term effect is still under investigation and a large‐sample study will be carried out in the future.
A prospective study of the efficacy of endoscopic biliary stenting on common bile duct stones
Authors: LI Ke Wei , ZHANG Xi Wen , DING Jun , CHEN Tao , WANG Jian , SHI Wei Jin 
Published: October 2009

OBJECTIVE:  To investigate the efficacy of endoscopic biliary stenting on common bile duct stones.METHODS:  Fifty patients with choledocholithiasis were treated with endoscopic biliary stenting and followed. The early and late outcome was assessed.RESULTS:  The procedure was successful in all patients and there was only one patient with mild pancreatitis. The patency rates of stent at 6 months, 12 months and 24 months after biliary stenting were 94%, 79% and 58%, respectively. The rate of reduction in size of stone was 60%.CONCLUSION:  Endoscopic biliary stenting was not a definitive treatment of choledocholithiasis. It may be an option for patients clinically unfit for definitive treatment.
Plasma thrombopoietin level and platelet indices in hemodialysis patients receiving recombinant human erythropoietin
Authors: ASANUMA M. , SEINO K. , MIZUNO T. , NASU M. , YAMAUCHI F. , FUJISHIMA M. 
Published: October 2009

SummaryWe focused on thrombocytopenia in hemodialysis patients (HD) receiving recombinant human erythropoietin (rHuEPO) and investigated thrombopoietin (TPO) level and platelet indices. We analyzed platelet parameters including mean platelet volume (MPV), platelet‐crit (PCT), mean platelet component (MPC) concentration and platelet count (PLT) using ADVIA 2120 in 375 HD patients. This study included 25 HD patients undergoing treatment with rHuEPO at 9000 IU/week. These patients were divided into two groups by reference PLT of 130 × 109/l [eight patients with low PLT (L‐PLT group) and 17 patients with normal PLT (N‐PLT group)], and TPO level and platelet indices in each group were compared with those in nine HD patients not receiving rHuEPO. In HD patients, the mean value of MPV was slightly higher and the mean values of PLT, PCT, and MPC were significantly lower than those in healthy controls. TPO levels were significantly higher in patients receiving rHuEPO than in patients not receiving rHuEPO. However, no significant difference was found between TPO levels in patients in the L‐PLT group and patients in the N‐PLT group. TPO levels were not correlated with PLT in these patients and that MPC levels decreased remarkably regardless of PLT.
Social Capital and the Care Networks of Frail Seniors
Authors: KEATING NORAH , DOSMAN DONNA 
Published: October 2009

Le capital social a constitué un cadre important pour la conceptualisation de la place des liens sociaux dans la qualité de vie. La famille n'a pas fait partie des groupes d'intérêts dans les recherches sur le capital social. Néanmoins, dans le contexte de la recherche et de la politique publique sur le vieillissement, le discours contemporain sur les familles et sur les soins est congruent avec les hypothèses sur le capital social. Les auteurs s'inspirent de la documentation sur le capital social pour encadrer leur compréhension du capital social inhérent aux familles ayant des personnes âgées de santé fragile. Ils émettent l'hypothèse de leur capacité de bénéficier des soins des membres de la famille. Les données proviennent de l'Enquête sociale générale sur le vieillissement et le soutien social (ESG 2002) de Statistique Canada.Social capital has been a key framework in conceptualizing the place of social ties in quality of life. Families have not been among groups of interest in social capital research. Yet within the context of research and public policy on aging, the contemporary discourse on families and care is congruent with social capital assumptions. In this paper, we draw on social capital literature to frame our understanding of the social capital inherent in families of frail older adults, and hypothesize their abilities to benefit family members. Data are drawn from Statistics Canada 2002 General Social Survey on Aging and Social Support.
Models of Earning and Caring: Determinants of the Division of Work
Authors: RAVANERA ZENAIDA , BEAUJOT RODERIC , LIU JIANYE 
Published: October 2009

Les auteurs examinent les déterminants possibles des modèles de la répartition des revenus et des activités de soins chez les couples canadiens. En utilisant l'Enquête sociale générale—L'emploi du temps (ESG), ils énumèrent cinq modèles de division du travail: complémentaire‐traditionnel, complémentaire‐genre inversé, double tâche de la femme, double tâche de l'homme et rôles partagés. Tandis que le modèle complémentaire‐traditionnel est en déclin, il se retrouve encore chez le tiers des couples. La double tâche de la femme constitue la deuxième catégorie en importance, c'est‐à‐dire qu'on la constate chez 27% des couples en 2005, alors que la double tâche de l'homme représente 11%. Les rôles partagés conviennent à environ un quart des couples. S'inspirant de ces typologies des revenus et des activités de soins, les auteurs analysent l'importance relative du cours de la vie, de même que les facteurs structuraux et culturels en tant que déterminants de la répartition du travail rémunéré ou non chez les couples. Ils constatent que les approches complémentaire‐traditionnelle et double tâche de la femme ont plus de chances de se rencontrer chez les personnes âgées et chez celles qui ont de jeunes enfants. Les modèles alternatifs sont plus courants lorsque les femmes ont de plus grandes ressources de la part de leurs parents, chez les jeunes personnes et chez les personnes vivant au Québec et dans les milieux urbains.This paper examines possible determinants of models of the division of earning and caring activities in Canadian couples. Using the General Social Survey on Time Use, we identify five models of the division of work: complementary‐traditional, complementary‐gender‐reversed, women's double burden, men's double burden, and shared roles. While the complementary‐traditional model is declining, it still represents a third of couples. Women's double burden is the second largest category, representing 27 percent of couples in 2005, with men's double burden representing another 11 percent. The shared roles account for about a quarter of couples. Building on these typologies of earning and caring, we analyze the relative importance of life course, as well as structural and cultural factors as determinants of the division of paid and unpaid work within couples. We find that the complementary‐traditional and women's double burdens are more likely for older persons, and for persons with young children. Alternative models are more common when women have higher relative resources, for younger persons, and for persons living in Quebec and in urban areas.
Social Origins and the Educational and Occupational Achievements of the 1.5 and Second Generations
Authors: BOYD MONICA 
Published: October 2009

Des enquêtes spéciales démontrent que l'origine sociale constitue un déterminant important du niveau d'instruction des enfants immigrants. Cependant, l'omission de poser des questions sur l'origine sociale dans les grandes enquêtes empêche souvent l'étude de la relation existant entre l'origine sociale et la réussite socioéconomique de la progéniture des immigrants à l'âge adulte. L'analyse de l'Enquête sociale générale—cycle 15: rétrospective sur la famille de 2001 confirme l'influence de l'origine sociale, y compris les caractéristiques des antécédents familiaux, sur le niveau d'instruction et sur la réussite professionnelle de la progéniture des adultes immigrants âgée de 30 à 64 ans, classée par la distance de l'expérience migratoire et par la région d'origine. Les modèles de réussite de la progéniture des groupes spécifiques d'immigrants, particulièrement ceux provenant de nouvelles régions autres que les États‐Unis, le Royaume‐Uni, l'Irlande et l'Europe, sont en accord avec le modèle de l'«optimisme de l'immigrant» observé dans les études antérieures.Special surveys show social origins are important determinants in the educational achievements of immigrant children. However, the omission of social origin questions on large surveys frequently prevents studying the relationship between social origins and the socioeconomic attainments of immigrant offspring in adulthood. Analysis of the 2001 General Social Survey Cycle 15 on Family History confirms the influence of social origins including family background characteristics on the educational and occupational achievements of adult immigrant offspring, age 30 to 64, demarcated by distance from the migration experience and by region of origin. The patterns of achievement for specific groups of immigrant offspring, particularly those whose origins are from new areas other than the United States, United Kingdom and Ireland, and Europe, is consistent with the “immigrant optimism” model observed in earlier studies.
Treatment of aseptic diaphyseal nonunion of the lower extremities with exchange intramedullary nailing and blocking screws without open bone graft
Authors: Gao Kan‐da , Huang Jian‐hua , Li Fan , Wang Qiu‐gen , Li Hao‐qing , Tao Jie , Wang Jian‐dong , Wu Xiao‐ming , Wu Xiao‐feng , Zhou Zi‐hui , Wang Fang , Lu Hai‐ming 
Published: October 2009

Objective:  To report the preliminary results of the treatment of aseptic diaphyseal nonunion of the lower extremities with exchange nailing plus blocking screws.Methods:  Between June 2005 and September 2008, twelve patients with diaphyseal nonunion in the lower extremities (femur in five patients and tibia in seven; hypertrophic nonunion in eight patients and atrophic nonunion in four) were treated by reaming, exchanging the original intramedullary nail with a larger one, and using blocking screws, and the therapeutic effect assessed.Results:  All patients were followed up for 1–2 years (average, 1.5 years) to assess union. Bony union was achieved in all patients within 4.7–13.5 months (average, 7.8 months). All patients were pain free without any complications by the last follow‐up.Conclusion:  The therapeutic method of exchanging the nail combined with blocking screws is effective for aseptic nonunion of the lower extremity after intramedullary nailing.
Treatment of fractures of the ulnar coronoid process
Authors: Wang You‐hua , Meng Qing‐bing , Wu Jia‐dong , Ma Jian‐chuan , Liu Fan 
Published: October 2009

Objective:  To discuss the classification, management and outcome of fractures of the ulnar coronoid process.Methods:  Retrospective analysis was carried out in 31 patients (19 men and 12 women of average age 29.8 years [range, 18–52 years]) with fractures of the ulnar coronoid process. The fractures were classified into four major groups based on the extent of injury to the ulnar coronoid process, the state of the anterior bundle of the ulnar collateral ligaments (UCL) and elbow stability. A fracture of the coronoid process less than halfway up was defined as type I (eleven cases); of the middle of the coronoid process with injury of the UCL as type II (nine cases); of the base of coronoid process with dislocation of the elbow joint, sometimes with injury of the UCL, as type III (six cases); and severe comminuted fracture of the coronoid process with elbow instability as type IV (five cases). We chose treatment according to the type of injury.Results:  Follow‐up was 18–72 months (average 28.6 months). All patients achieved fracture union without inflammation, neural injuries or elbow instability. One type III and two type IV patients had traumatic osteoarthritis, and two type III and two type IV developed heterotopic ossification. There was a statistically significant difference between the ranges of movement of the two‐side joints in type IV.Conclusion:  We choose conservative treatment for type I fractures unless the bone fragment affected movement of the elbow joint, in which case we chose operative treatment so that elbow stability was not affected. Type II and type III fractures with elbow instability were reduced by internal fixation and the ligament repaired or reconstructed. In type IV cases, bone reconstruction was necessary to recover elbow stability. Proper post‐operative rehabilitation can decrease the occurrence of traumatic osteoarthritis.
Thoracoscopy‐assisted mini‐open surgery for anterior column reconstruction in thoracic spinal tuberculosis
Authors: Lv Guo‐hua , Wang Bing , Li Jing , Liu Wei‐dong , Yin Gang‐hui , Ma Ze‐min 
Published: October 2009

Objective:  To evaluate the clinical effects of thoracoscopy‐assisted mini‐open surgery for anterior column reconstruction in thoracic spinal tuberculosis.Methods:  Fifty‐eight patients, 35 men and 23 women, aged 39.2 (range, 19–60) years with thoracic spinal tuberculosis with an average kyphotic angle of 29.2° (range, 18°–42°) underwent thoracoscopy‐assisted mini‐open surgeries, including thorough debridement and anterior spinal reconstruction. According to the Frankel Grading system, preoperative neurological function was judged as Grade B in 3 cases, Grade C in 7, Grade D in 28, and Grade E in 20. All patients were followed up for an average of 4.6 years. Outcomes were evaluated retrospectively.Results:  Surgery was accomplished successfully in all cases. The average operation time was 230 min (range, 180–320 min), the average intraoperative blood loss 570 ml (range, 350–1200 ml), and the mean drainage duration 3.6 days (3–5 days). Complications occurred in 19 patients (32.8%). Neurological improvement of one to three grades had occurred in 29 patients by final follow‐up. The average correction rate of the kyphotic angle was 36.4%, and no obvious correction loss was detected during follow‐up. No recurrent tuberculosis was found in the group.Conclusions:  Thoracoscopy‐assisted mini‐open surgery provides a simple, safe, effective, and practical technology with minimal invasiveness for the treatment of thoracic spinal tuberculosis.
Imaging study of wedge changes in the vertebral bodies and intervertebral discs in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis
Authors: Xu Hong‐guang , Qiu Gui‐xing , Wang Yi‐peng , Zhang Jian‐guo , Liu Yong , Wu Zhi‐hong 
Published: October 2009

Objective:  To observe wedge changes in the vertebral bodies and intervertebral discs in progressive adolescent idiopathic scoliosis before and after conservative treatment with braces, and to explore the correlation between wedge changes in the vertebral bodies or intervertebral discs and scoliosis curves.Methods:  Thirty‐seven consecutive patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis were included in this study from June 2001 to August 2003. There were 31 female and 6 male patients, with an average age of 14.9 years. According to the Peking Union Medical College (PUMC) grading system, eight cases were Ia, three Ib, five Ic, twelve IIb1, three IIb2, three IIc1, one IIc3, and two IId1. Wedge changes in the vertebral bodies and intervertebral discs, and the scoliosis angles were measured by radiographic evaluation before conservative treatment with braces and before surgery.Results:  In the mature patients (Risser sign IV, V, menarche two years or more previously), wedge changes in the vertebral bodies and intervertebral discs worsened with curve progression, and were poorly correlated with the degree of curve (r= 0.17). But in the developmentally immature patients (Risser sign 0–III, pre‐menarche), there was a significant correlation with the degree of curve (r= 0.69). Wedge changes in the vertebral bodies and intervertebral discs worsened with curve progression, and were significantly correlated with the degree of curve.Conclusion:  Wedge changes in the vertebral bodies and intervertebral discs have a positive correlation with degree of curve, which indicates that asymmetric growth of the cartilaginous endplate might be the primary cause of wedge change in the vertebral bodies.
Ectopic osteogenesis of mouse bone marrow stromal cells transfected with BMP 2/VEGF165 genes in vivo
Authors: Tian Xiao‐bin , Sun Li , Yang Shu‐hua , Fu Ru‐yin , Wang Lei , Lu Tin‐shen , Zhang Yu‐kun , Fu De‐hao 
Published: October 2009

Objective:  To evaluate the osteogenic efficacy of mouse bone marrow stromal cells (mBMSC) transfected with bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2) and vascular endothelial growth factor 165 (VEGF165) genes.Methods:  pIRES‐BMP2‐VEGF165 plasmid DNA was introduced into the mBMSC using a liposome‐mediated method. The expression of BMP2 and VEGF165 genes was assessed by reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) and immunohistochemical analysis. Transfected cells were injected into the thigh muscle pouches of four nude mice. The osteoinductivity activity of the transfected cells was evaluated by radiographic and histological analysis at 4 weeks after injection.Results:  The mRNA and proteins of both BMP2 and VEGF165 were successfully expressed in mBMSC as confirmed by RT‐PCR and immunohistochemical analysis. Ectopically formed bone tissue was clearly observed at 4 weeks after cell injection in the thigh muscle pouches of the nude mice.Conclusion:  mBMSC transfected with BMP2 and VEGF165 genes can induce ectopic osteogenesis.
One‐stage anterior release and reduction with posterior fusion for treatment of irreducible atlantoaxial dislocation
Authors: Hao Ding‐jun , He Bao‐rong , Wu Qi‐ning 
Published: October 2009

Objective:  To analyze the approach and feasibility of one‐stage anterior release and reduction with posterior fusion for irreducible atlantoaxial dislocation.Methods:  Ten male and 6 female patients, with an average age of 36 years, including 13 patients with old trauma, 2 with rheumatoid disease, and 1 with os odontoideum were studied. Anterior release and reduction was performed in the supine position. The atlas and vertebra dentate were fixed posteriorly and fused by one stage.Results:  All patients were followed up from 15 to 40 months (mean, 23 months), and all gained anatomic reduction and bone fusion. Six months postoperatively, the Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) score of the 12 patients with cord symptoms had improved from 8.3 preoperatively to 13.9, with a mean improvement of 87.5%.Conclusion:  Treatment of irreducible atlantoaxial dislocation with one‐stage anterior release and reduction with posterior fusion is a reliable method.