bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The influence of sequential debridement in total knee arthroplasty on the flexion axis of the knee using computer‐aided navigation
Authors: Morishige Mark , McQueen David A. , Chong Alexander , Ballard Gregory P. , Cooke Francis W. 
Published: January 2010

AbstractThe effects of osteophyte debridement, bony cuts, and soft tissue releases on the functional flexion axis of the knee can be assessed by evaluating 3D kinematics following each step of a total knee arthroplasty. Using a navigated knee system with dedicated software, the functional flexion axis (helical axis) can be determined after each step. Five paired fresh‐frozen cadaveric knees were used with a CT scan performed on each specimen identifying implanted fiducial markers. Kinematics data were recorded during each step of sequential osseous cuts and soft tissue releases for both an unloaded and loaded limb by each of three surgeons. The functional helical (flexion/extension) axis was identified for all specimens. The internal/external rotation angle (θ) of the helical axis differed from the transepicondylar axis by −8.3° to +6.7° for the unloaded condition. θ ranged from −7.2° to +7.4° with distraction. Soft tissue releases had no effect on θ; until a bony cut of the articular surface, which increased θ from −0.3° to +9.7°. Implantation of cruciate retaining prosthetic components subsequently reduced the θ range −7.3° to +4.0°. Thus, soft tissue releases had minimal effect on θ of the helical axis except for resection of the proximal tibia. Implantation of the CR prosthesis reduced è close to that of the intact knee. In a minority of knees, the helical axis did not coincide exactly with the transepicondylar axis. Interspecimen and left/right variability of θ were significant, although interinvestigator variability and an applied distraction force were insignificant. © 2010 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 28:767–772, 2010
Effect of glenohumeral abduction angle on the mechanical interaction between the supraspinatus and infraspinatus tendons for the intact, partial‐thickness torn, and repaired supraspinatus tendon conditions
Authors: Andarawis‐Puri Nelly , Kuntz Andrew F. , Ramsey Matthew L. , Soslowsky Louis J. 
Published: January 2010

AbstractRotator cuff tears are difficult to manage because of the structural and mechanical inhomogeneity of the supraspinatus tendon. Previously, we showed that with the arm at the side, the supraspinatus and infraspinatus tendons mechanically interact such that conditions that increase supraspinatus tendon strain, such as load or full‐thickness tears, also increase infraspinatus tendon strain. This suggests that the infraspinatus tendon may shield the supraspinatus tendon from further injury while becoming at increased risk of injury itself. In this study, the effect of glenohumeral abduction angle on the interaction between the two tendons was evaluated for supraspinatus tendon partial‐thickness tears and two repair techniques. Principal strains were quantified in both tendons for 0°, 30°, and 60° of glenohumeral abduction. Results showed that interaction between the two tendons is interrupted by an increase in abduction angle for all supraspinatus tendon conditions evaluated. Infraspinatus tendon strain was lower at 30° and 60° than at 0° abduction angle. In conclusion, interaction between the supraspinatus and infraspinatus tendons is interrupted with increase in abduction angle. Additionally, 30° abduction should be further evaluated for management of rotator cuff tears and repairs as it is the angle at which both supraspinatus and infraspinatus tendon strain is decreased. © 2010 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 28:846–851, 2010
Effects of chromium stress on the subcellular distribution and chemical form of Ca, Mg, Fe, and Zn in two rice genotypes
Authors: Zeng Fanrong , Ali Shafaqat , Qiu Boyin , Wu Feibo , Zhang Guoping 
Published: January 2010

AbstractA hydroponic experiment was carried out to study effects of chromium (Cr) stress on the subcellular distribution and chemical form of Ca, Mg, Fe, and Zn in two rice genotypes differing in Cr accumulation. The results showed that Ca, Mg, Fe, and Zn ions were mainly located in cell walls and vacuoles in roots. However, large amounts of metal ions were transferred from the vacuole to the nucleus and to other functional organelles in shoots. Chromium concentrations in the nutrient solution of 50 μM and above significantly decreased Ca concentrations in the chloroplast/trophoplast, the nucleus, and in mitochondria. It further increased Mg concentrations in the nucleus and in mitochondria, as well as Zn and Fe concentrations in the chloroplast/trophoplast. These Cr‐induced changes in ion concentrations were associated with a significant reduction in plant biomass. It is suggested that Cr stress interferes with the functions of mineral nutrients in rice plants, thus causing a serious inhibition of plant growth. The chemical forms of the four nutrients were determined by successive extraction. Except for Ca, which was mainly chelated with insoluble phosphate and oxalic acid, Mg, Zn, and Fe were extractable by 80% ethanol, d‐H2O, and 1μM NaCl. The results indicated that these low–molecular weight compounds, such as organic acids and amino acids, may play an important role in deposition and translocation of Mg, Zn, and Fe in the xylem system of rice plants.
Managing soils for a warming earth in a food‐insecure and energy‐starved world
Authors: Lal Rattan 
Published: January 2010

AbstractWorld energy consumption increased from 11.5 EJ in 1860 to 463 EJ in 2005, and is projected to be 691 EJ in 2030 and 850 EJ in 2050. The principal driver of such a drastic surge in energy demand is the increase in world population which was merely 1 billion in 1800, 1.6 billion in 1900, 6.0 billion in 2000, and is projected to be 7.5 billion in 2030 and 9.2 billion in 2050 before stabilizing at ≈10 billion by 2100. Heavy reliance on fossil‐fuel consumption has increased atmospheric CO2 abundance from 280 ppm in 1750 to 383 ppm in 2008 and is increasing at ≈2 ppm (4.2 Pg) per year along with the attendant threat of climate disruption. Similar to the close link between energy use and atmospheric chemistry, there also exists a close link between food insecurity and climate change through degradation of soils and desertification of the ecosystems. Global annual per capita cereal consumption increased from 267 kg in 1950, peaked at 339 kg in 1985, and decreased to 303 kg by 2000. In the quest for identifying alternate sources of energy, world production of bioethanol (mostly from corn grains in USA and sugarcane in Brazil) was 65 billion L, and that of biodiesel was 13 million Mg (t) (55% in EU countries) in 2008. Conversion of lignocellulosic biomass, using crop residues or establishing energy plantations, has severe constraints of the additional requirements for land area, water, and plant nutrients. Removal of crop residues for energy and other uses has severe adverse impacts on soil quality and agronomic productivity. Yet, globally average crop yields must be increased by 60% to 120% between 2000 and 2050 for meeting the needs of increase in population and change in dietary habits. Meeting demands of the growing world population and rising aspirations necessitate serious and objective considerations of change in food habits (to a more vegan diet), improvement in energy‐use efficiency, increase in crop yield per unit area and input, restoration of degraded soils and ecosystems, widespread adoption of recommended soil and crop practices, and identification of non‐C fuel sources.
Anticipating Italian census tourism data before their official release: a first solution and its implementation to Piemonte, Italy
Authors: Fontana Roberto , Pistone Giovanni 
Published: January 2010

AbstractTourism is a complex and highly competitive sector. In this scenario, incoming tourism flows represent one of the key indicators for public institutions, willing to adopt an informed decision‐making process for resource allocation. The accurate and timely knowledge of both the inter‐regional and the foreign component at a sufficiently detailed geographical level of such flows allows a better strategical, tactical and operational planning of marketing activities. The paper describes a methodology to complete the database of the official statistical data on tourism flows with an estimate of missing data, which are originated by non‐respondent accommodation structure. The methodology has been applied to the inbound tourism flows into Piemonte, Italy. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Travel for treatment: students' perspective on medical tourism
Authors: Reddy Sumanth G. , York Valerie K. , Brannon Laura A. 
Published: January 2010

AbstractMedical tourism is the act of travelling abroad for health care. The theory of planned behaviour was used to investigate the medical tourism beliefs of 336 undergraduate students in a basic psychology course at a large midwestern American university. Students did not have positive intentions for mere willingness to seek more information about travelling to a developing country to receive medical treatment. An educational intervention is necessary to help promote travel for medical treatment. The intervention may include educating people on the availability of quality health care, highly trained competent doctors and the ability to vacation and see another country. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Septoplasty retards midfacial growth in a rabbit model
Authors: Wong Kevin K. , Filatov Sergei , Kibblewhite Douglas J. 
Published: January 2010

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:Septoplasty in the prepubertal age group is a controversial operation because of concerns regarding retardation of subsequent midfacial growth. This study uses a validated rabbit snout model to determine if septoplasty results in midfacial growth retardation, and if the retardation can be averted by replacing resected cartilage with a porous polyethylene implant.Study Design:Prospective controlled animal study.Methods:Sixteen 9‐week‐old New Zealand white rabbits were divided into four groups: two control and two experimental. The experimental groups both underwent conservative submucoperichondrial surgical excision of a portion of their septum, leaving a generous dorsal and caudal septal strut for nasal support similar to what would be done clinically in humans. One of the experimental groups had replacement of the resected area by a rigid porous polyethylene graft, and in the other experimental group the resected area was left empty. Cephalometric measurements were performed on radiographs taken at the time of implantation, and at sacrifice when the rabbits were mature at 24 weeks of age.Results:There were significant disturbances in snout growth between experimental and control groups, and no significant differences between the two experimental groups or between the two control groups.Conclusions:These data demonstrate midfacial growth retardation after conservative septoplasty in young rabbits, and that this retardation could not be averted by replacing the resected cartilage with a porous polyethylene graft. These data are in agreement with human studies. Laryngoscope, 2010
Spray cryotherapy for the treatment of glottic and subglottic stenosis
Authors: Krimsky William S. , Rodrigues Michael P. , Malayaman Navara , Sarkar Saiyad 
Published: January 2010

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:Functional partial occlusion of the glottic and subglottic areas by stenosis and strictures is challenging to manage despite a variety of surgical and endoluminal approaches that are prone to complications and inconsistent outcomes. We report here the first three human cases of glottic and subglottic narrowing treated with spray cryotherapy alone or in combination with balloon dilation.Study Design:Institutional review board‐approved clinical human trial.Methods:A 42‐year‐old female with idiopathic subglottic strictures, a 74‐year‐old female with glottic strictures and vocal cord stenosis following neck radiation, and a 33‐year‐old female with strictures from a previous tracheal stent were treated by four cycles of a 5‐second cryotherapy spray alone or with balloon dilation. The effects of treatment were observed up to 6 months, 12 weeks, and 9 months, respectively.Results:In all cases, patency of the stenosed areas was achieved with minimal bleeding and at least some degree of normalization of the glottic and subglottic mucosa. Airway patency and laryngeal functions were restored without complications.Conclusions:The use of spray cryotherapy alone or in conjunction with balloon dilation is a promising and effective therapeutic approach to treating glottic and subglottic narrowing. Laryngoscope, 2010
New Thermo‐Sensitive Graft Copolymers Based on a Poly(N‐isopropylacrylamide) Backbone and Functional Polyoxazoline Grafts with Random and Diblock Structure
Authors: Rueda Juan Carlos , Zschoche Stefan , Komber Hartmut , Krahl Franziska , Arndt Karl‐Friedrich , Voit Brigitte 
Published: January 2010

AbstractNew thermo‐sensitive functionalized graft copolymers characterized by a poly(N‐isopropylacrylamide) backbone and grafts containing 2‐ethyl‐2‐oxazoline and 2‐(2‐methoxycarbonylethyl)‐2‐oxazoline units were synthesized. The conformation transition temperatures of the graft copolymers could be modified by variation of the molar composition in the side chain, by different side chain structure (random distribution of both oxazolines vs. diblock structure) and by hydrolysis of the methylester to the acid form. Graft copolymers with long functional oxazoline side chains allowed the stabilization of aggregates above the phase transition temperature of the backbone until the LCST of the side chain. The temperature window allowing for the formation of stable aggregates was widened with acid functions in the corona.magnified image
Correlation between Morphology, Water Uptake, and Proton Conductivity in Radiation‐Grafted Proton‐Exchange Membranes
Authors: Balog Sandor , Gasser Urs , Mortensen Kell , Gubler Lorenz , Scherer Guenther G. , Ben youcef Hicham 
Published: January 2010

AbstractAn SANS investigation of hydrated proton exchange membranes is presented. Our membranes were synthesized by radiation‐induced grafting of ETFE with styrene in the presence of a crosslinker, followed by sulfonation of the styrene. The contrast variation method was used to understand the relationship between morphology, water uptake, and proton conductivity. The membranes are separated into two phases. The amorphous phase hosts the water and swells upon hydration, swelling being inversely proportional to the degree of crosslinking. Hydration and proton conductivity exhibit linear dependence on swelling. Proton conductivity and volumetric fraction of water are related by a power law, indicating a percolated network of finely dispersed aqueous pores in the hydrophilic domains.magnified image
Folic Acid Modified Poly(lactide‐co‐glycolide) Nanoparticles, Layer‐by‐Layer Surface Engineered for Targeted Delivery
Authors: Zhou Jie , Romero Gabriela , Rojas Elena , Moya Sergio , Ma Lie , Gao Changyou 
Published: January 2010

AbstractThe layer‐by‐layer (LbL) assembly technique was applied for the surface modification of biodegradable poly(lactide‐co‐glycolide) nanoparticles (NPs), employing poly(acrylic acid) (PAA), and polyethylenimine (PEI) as building blocks. Amino terminated poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) and folate decorated PEG (PEG‐FA) were grafted onto the multilayers via condensation between carboxylic groups and amine groups from PEG or PEG‐FA. The LbL assembly and the covalent functionalization were monitored by means of ζ‐potential measurements and the quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation technique (QCM‐D). Protein adsorption after incubation of the NPs in culture medium containing optionally the serum proteins was investigated and related to cellular uptake. Experiments on cellular uptake showed that after PEGylation the uptake ratio of the NPs decreased significantly, but became three times larger when PEG‐FA was grafted on the NPs instead of the PEG.magnified image
Modulatory effects of 5Hz rTMS over the primary somatosensory cortex in focal dystonia—An fMRI‐TMS study
Authors: Schneider Susanne A. , Pleger Burkhard , Draganski Bogdan , Cordivari Carla , Rothwell John C. , Bhatia Kailash P. , Dolan Ray J. 
Published: January 2010

AbstractDystonia is associated with impaired somatosensory ability. The electrophysiological method of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) can be used for noninvasive stimulation of the human cortex and can alter cortical excitability and associated behavior. Among others, rTMS can alter/improve somatosensory discrimation abilities, as shown in healthy controls. We applied 5Hz‐rTMS over the left primary somatosensory cortex (S1) in 5 patients with right‐sided writer's dystonia and 5 controls. We studied rTMS effects on tactile discrimination accuracy and concomitant rTMS‐induced changes in hemodynamic activity measured by functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Before rTMS, patients performed worse on the discrimination task than controls even though fMRI showed greater task‐related activation bilaterally in the basal ganglia (BG). In controls, rTMS led to improved discrimination; fMRI revealed this was associated with increased activity of the stimulated S1, bilateral premotor cortex and BG. In dystonia patients, rTMS had no effect on discrimination; fMRI showed similar cortical effects to controls except for no effects in BG. Improved discrimination after rTMS in controls is linked to enhanced activation of S1 and BG. Failure of rTMS to increase BG activation in dystonia may be associated with the lack of effect on sensory discrimination in this group and may reflect impaired processing in BG‐S1 connections. Alternatively, the increased BG activation seen in the baseline state without rTMS may reflect a compensatory strategy that saturates a BG contribution to this task. © 2010 Movement Disorder Society
Portable duplex ultrasonography: A diagnostic and decision‐making tool in reconstructive microsurgery
Authors: Gravvanis Andreas , Karakitsos Dimitrios , Dimitriou Vasilios , Zogogiannis Ioannis , Katsikeris Nick , Karabinis Andreas , Tsoutsos Dimosthenis 
Published: January 2010

AbstractUnidirectional Doppler is a common diagnostic tool by the Reconstructive Microsurgeons; however, it may generate false signals and surely provides less imaging data as compared to duplex ultrasonography. We have reviewed the use of Portable Duplex Ultrasonography (PDU) in 16 patients who underwent complex soft‐tissue/bone reconstruction, aiming to determine its role in the design and management of free tissue transfer. According to our data, there were modifications either of the surgical plan and/or of patient's management, based on PDU findings, in 10 out of 16 patients (62.5%). The use of ultrasound directed to subtle modifications in three patients (19%), but to significant changes of the surgical plan in four patients (25%). Also, the use of ultrasound improved significantly the postoperative management in three patients (19%). Thus, significant impact of PDU in patient's treatment was recorded in 44% of cases. Portable ultrasound represents generally available method for preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative diagnosis and decision‐making in free tissue transfer, hence could replace in the near future the unidirectional Doppler in the hands of Microsurgeons. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. Microsurgery 30:348–353, 2010.
Impact of dietary polyphenols on human platelet function – A critical review of controlled dietary intervention studies
Authors: Ostertag Luisa M. , O'Kennedy Niamh , Kroon Paul A. , Duthie Garry G. , de Roos Baukje 
Published: January 2010

AbstractCardiovascular disease is a chronic disease influenced by many factors, with activated blood platelets being one of them. Platelets play a central role in the formation of plaques within blood vessels, contributing to early inflammatory events. Consumption of diets rich in plant‐based products protects against the development of cardiovascular disease. Polyphenols, which are secondary plant metabolites found in a wide range of foodstuffs and beverages, may be partially responsible for these effects. Their protective properties include inhibitory effects on platelet functionin vitroandin vivo. However, the bioavailability of many polyphenols is poor and it is unclear whether sufficient quantities can be obtained by dietary means to exert protective effects. Consequently, this review summarizes 25 well‐controlled human intervention studies examining the effect of polyphenol‐rich diets on platelet function. These studies report a huge variety of research methods, study designs, and study subjects, resulting in controversial assertions. One consistent finding is that cocoa‐related products, however, have platelet‐inhibiting effects when consumed in moderate amounts. To assess whether other classes of dietary polyphenols, or their metabolites, also beneficially affect platelet function requires more well‐controlled intervention studies as well as the adoption of more uniform methods to assess platelet aggregation and activation.
Preparation and properties of new high performance maleimide‐triazine resins for resin transfer molding
Authors: Guan Qingbao , Gu Aijuan , Liang Guozheng , Zhou Cheng , Yuan Li 
Published: January 2010

AbstractHigh performance matrix is the key base for preparing advanced composites via resin transfer molding (RTM). A novel high performance modified maleimide‐triazine (BT) resin system (coded as MBT) for RTM was developed, which is made of 4,4′‐bismaleimidodi‐ phenylmethane, o,o'‐diallylbisphenol A, 2,2′‐bis (4‐cyanatophenyl) isopropylidene, and hyperbranched polysiloxane (HBPSi). The effects of HBPSi on the processing and performance parameters of MBT system are evaluated. Results show that the processing characteristics of the MBT system are greatly dependent on the content of HBPSi in the system, while three MBT resins developed in this paper have significantly better integrated properties than BT resin. For example, compared to original BT resin, MBT resins have enlarged pot life (>8 hr) and good reactivity; more interestingly, cured MBT resins exhibit better dielectric properties and moisture resistance; in addition, MBT resins with suitable content of HBPSi have improved flexural and impact strengths as well as outstanding thermal property, suggesting that MBT system is the right kind of matrices with great potentiality for fabricating advanced structural and functional composites via RTM technique. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
ReSASC: A resampling‐based algorithm to determine differential protein expression from spectral count data
Authors: Little Kristina M. , Lee Jae K. , Ley Klaus 
Published: January 2010

AbstractLabel‐free methods for MS/MS quantification of protein expression are becoming more prevalent as instrument sensitivity increases. Spectral counts (SCs) are commonly used, readily obtained, and increase linearly with protein abundance; however, a statistical framework has been lacking. To accommodate the highly non‐normal distribution of SCs, we developed ReSASC (resampling‐based significance analysis for spectral counts), which evaluates differential expression between two conditions by pooling similarly expressed proteins and sampling from this pool to create permutation‐based synthetic sets of SCs for each protein. At a set confidence level and corresponding p‐value cutoff, ReSASC defines a new p‐value, p′, as the number of synthetic SC sets with p>pcutoff divided by the total number of sets. We have applied ReSASC to two published SC data sets and found that ReSASC compares favorably with existing methods while being easy to operate and requiring only standard computing resources.