bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association Between Patient Sex and Familial Hypercholesterolemia and Long-Term Cardiovascular Risk Factor Management 5 Years After Acute Coronary Syndrome
Authors: Krasieva Kristina , Gencer Baris , Locatelli Isabella , Carballo David , Muller Olivier , Fournier Stéphane , Matter Christian M. , Räber Lorenz , Rodondi Nicolas , Mach François , Nanchen David 
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND:
Long-term control of cardiovascular risk factors after acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is the cornerstone for preventing recurrence. We investigated the extent of cardiovascular risk factor management in males and females with and without familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) 5 years after ACS.

METHODS:
We studied patients hospitalized for ACS between 2009 and 2017 in a Swiss multicenter prospective cohort study. FH was defined based on clinical criteria from the Dutch Lipid Clinic Network and Simon Broome definitions. Five years post-ACS, we assessed low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-c) levels, lipid-lowering therapy (LLT), and other cardiovascular risk factors, comparing males to females with and without FH using generalized estimating equations.

RESULTS:

A total of 3139 patients were included; mean age was 61.4 years (SD, 12.1), 620 (19.8%) were female, and 747 (23.5%) had possible FH. Compared with males at 5-years post-ACS, females were more likely to not use statins (odds ratio, 1.61 [95% CI, 1.28–2.03]) and less likely to have combination LLT (odds ratio, 0.72 [95% CI, 0.55–0.93]), without difference between patients with FH and without FH. Females in both FH and non-FH groups less frequently reached LDL-c values ≤1.8 mmol/L (odds ratio, 0.78 [95% CI, 0.78–0.93]). Overall, patients with FH were more frequently on high-dose statins compared with patients without FH (51.0% versus 42.9%;
P
=0.001) and presented more frequently with a combination of 2 or more LLT compared with patients without FH (33.8% versus 17.7%;
P
<0.001), but less frequently reached LDL-c targets of ≤1.8 mmol/L (33.5% versus 44.3%;
P
<0.001) or ≤2.6 mmol/L (70.2% versus 78.1%;
P
=0.001).

CONCLUSIONS:
Five years after ACS, females had less intensive LLT and were less likely to reach target LDL-c levels than males, regardless of FH status. Males and females with FH had less optimal control of LDL-c despite more frequently taking high-dose statins or combination LLT compared with patients without FH. Long-term management of patients with ACS and FH, especially females, warrants optimization.
Clinical Guidelines for the Treatment of Depressive Disorders V. Combining Psychotherapy and Pharmacotherapy
Authors: Segal Zindel V , H Kennedy Sidney , Cohen Nicole L ,   The CANMAT Depression Work Group
Published: June 2024

Background: The Canadian Psychiatric Association and the Canadian Network for Mood and Anxiety Treatments partnered to produce clinical guidelines for psychiatrists for the treatment of depressive disorders. Methods: A standard guidelines development process was followed. Relevant literature was identified using a computerized Medline search supplemented by review of bibliographies. Operational criteria were used to rate the quality of scientific evidence, and the line of treatment recommendations included consensus clinical opinion. This section, "Combining Psychotherapy and Pharmacotherapy, ” was I of 7 articles drafted and reviewed by clinicians. Revised drafts underwent national and international expert peer review. Results: Recommendations are given for the use of combined psychotherapy and pharmacotherapy for the treatment of depressive disorders. Three methods of combined treatment are identified: concurrent treatment (psychotherapy plus pharmacotherapy) for the acute-treatment phase, sequential treatment (adding the other treatment for nonresponders or partial responders to monotherapy in the acute-treatment phase), and crossover treatment (switching to psychotherapy for the maintenance-treatment phase after response to pharmacotherapy in the acute phase). Conclusions: Combined treatment with psychotherapy and pharmacotherapy is widely used in clinical practice. The recommendations for use of combined treatment are, however, based on only a limited evidence base.
Medical marijuana in the treatment of cancer-associated symptoms
Authors: Micha John P , Rettenmaier Mark A , Bohart Randy D , Goldstein Bram H 
Published: June 2024

Objective Previous cancer studies have indicated that medical marijuana addresses a significant unmet need, namely chronic pain treatment and conferring oncology supportive care. However, the clinical research evaluating medical marijuana is preliminary and requires further consideration. Data Sources We conducted a PubMed search primarily comprising retrospective and prospective studies, systematic reviews, and randomized clinical trials (RCTs) from approximately 2020–2023. The search included specific terms that incorporated medical marijuana, cancer treatment, cancer-related symptoms, pain management, and side effects. Data Summary A total of 40 studies were included in the review, many of which were either of acceptable or good quality. Select investigations indicated that medical marijuana was associated with decreased overall pain levels and improvements in nausea and vomiting. Alternatively, the results from RCTs have found that the benefits from a placebo were equivalent to medical marijuana in both the treatment of cancer-related pain and providing an opioid-sparing effect. Conclusions Despite the potential cancer-related benefits derived from medical marijuana, the study design and results for many of the investigations on which the evidence is based, were neither uniform nor conducted via RCTs; hence, the efficacy and appropriateness of medical marijuana in treating cancer-related conditions remain indeterminate.
Canadian French Translation and Validation of the Neck Dissection Impairment Index: A Quality of Life Measure for the Surgical Oncology Population
Authors: Khoury Michel , Guertin William , Hao Cameo , Saltychev Mikhail , Ayad Tareck , Bissada Eric , Christopoulos Apostolos , Moubayed Sami , Olivier Marie-Jo , Chepeha Douglas , Lai Stephen Y. , Maniakas Anastasios 
Published: June 2024

Background Neck dissections (ND) are a routine procedure in head and neck oncology. Given the postoperative functional impact that some patients experience, it is imperative to identify and track quality of life (QoL) symptomatology to tailor each patient’s therapeutic needs. To date, there is no validated French-Canadian questionnaire for this patient-population. We therefore sought to translate and validate the Neck Dissection Impairment Index (NDII) in Canadian French. Methods A 3-phased approach was used. Phase 1: The NDII was translated from English to Canadian French using a “forward and backward” translational technique following international guidelines. Phase 2: A cognitive debriefing session was held with 10 Canadian French-speaking otolaryngology patients to evaluate understandability and acceptability. Phase 3: The final version was administered prospectively to 30 patients with prior history of ND and 30 control patients. These patients were asked to complete the questionnaire 2 weeks after their first response. Test-retest reliability was calculated with Spearman’s correlation. Internal consistency was elicited using Cronbach’s alpha. Results NDII was successfully translated and validated to Canadian French. Cronbach’s alpha revealed high internal consistency (0.92, lower 95% confidence limit 0.89). The correlation for test-retest validity were strong or very strong (0.61-0.91). Conclusion NDII is an internationally recognized QoL tool for the identification of ND-related impairments. This validated Canadian French version will allow clinicians to adequately assess the surgery-related QoL effect of neck surgery in the French-speaking population, while allowing French institutions to conduct and/or participate in multisite clinical trials requiring the NDII as an outcome measure.
Soluble glycoprotein VI predicts abdominal aortic aneurysm growth rate and is a novel therapeutic target
Authors: Benson Tyler W. , Pike Mindy M. , Spuzzillo Anthony , Hicks Sarah M. , Ali Sidra , Pham Michael , Mix Doran S. , Brunner Seth I. , Wadding-Lee Caris , Conrad Kelsey A. , Russell Hannah M. , Jennings Courtney , Coughlin Taylor M. , Aggarwal Anu , Lyden Sean , Mani Kevin , Björck Martin , Wanhainen Anders , Bhandari Rohan , Lipworth-Elliot Loren , Robinson-Cohen Cassianne , Caputo Francis J. , Shim Sharon , Quesada Odayme , Tourdot Benjamin , Edwards Todd L. , Tranter Michael , Gardiner Elizabeth E. , Mackman Nigel , Cameron Scott J. , Owens A. Phillip 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
A common feature in patients with abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs) is the formation of a nonocclusive intraluminal thrombus (ILT) in regions of aortic dilation. Platelets are known to maintain hemostasis and propagate thrombosis through several redundant activation mechanisms, yet the role of platelet activation in the pathogenesis of AAA-associated ILT is still poorly understood. Thus, we sought to investigate how platelet activation affects the pathogenesis of AAA. Using RNA sequencing, we identified that the platelet-associated transcripts are significantly enriched in the ILT compared with the adjacent aneurysm wall and healthy control aortas. We found that the platelet-specific receptor glycoprotein VI (GPVI) is among the top enriched genes in AAA ILT and is increased on the platelet surface of patients with AAAs. Examination of a specific indicator of platelet activity, soluble GPVI (sGPVI), in 2 independent cohorts of patients with AAAs is highly predictive of an AAA diagnosis and associates more strongly with aneurysm growth rate than D-dimer in humans. Finally, intervention with the anti-GPVI antibody (JAQ1) in mice with established aneurysms blunted the progression of AAA in 2 independent mouse models. In conclusion, we show that the levels of sGPVI in humans can predict a diagnosis of AAA and AAA growth rate, which may be critical in the identification of high-risk patients. We also identify GPVI as a novel platelet-specific AAA therapeutic target, with minimal risk of adverse bleeding complications, for which none currently exists.
Infection prevention and control in Dutch general practices before and during the COVID-19 pandemic and its implications for pandemic preparedness and seasonal respiratory epidemics: a qualitative study on lessons learned
Authors: Houben Famke , den Heijer Casper D. J. , Dukers-Muijrers Nicole H. T. M. , de Bont Eefje G. P. M. , Volbeda Hanneke T. , Hoebe Christian J. P. A. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
The COVID-19 pandemic has prompted a re-evaluation of infection prevention and control (IPC) in general practices, highlighting the need for comprehensive IPC implementation. This study aimed to evaluate healthcare workers’ (HCWs) experiences and perspectives regarding IPC in general practices before and during the COVID-19 pandemic, and its implications for post-pandemic IPC implementation.

Methods
This qualitative study involved semi-structured, in-depth interviews during two time periods: (1) prior to the COVID-19 pandemic (July 2019-February 2020), involving 14 general practitioners (GPs) and medical assistants; and (2) during the COVID-19 pandemic (July 2022-February 2023), including 22 GPs and medical assistants. Data analysis included thematic analysis that addressed multiple system levels.

Results
Findings indicated a shift towards comprehensive IPC implementation and organisation during the pandemic compared to the pre-pandemic period. Since the Omicron variant, some general practices maintained a broad set of IPC measures, while others released most measures. HCWs’ future expectations on post-pandemic IPC implementation varied: some anticipated reduced implementation due to the desire to return to the pre-pandemic standard, while others expected IPC to be structurally scaled up during seasonal respiratory epidemics. Main contextual challenges included patient cooperation, staff shortages (due to infection), shortages of IPC materials/equipment, and frequently changing and ambiguous guidelines. Key lessons learned were enhanced preparedness (e.g., personal protective equipment supply), and a new perspective on care organisation (e.g., digital care). Main recommendations reported by HCWs were to strengthen regional collaboration within primary care, and between primary care, public health, and secondary care.

Conclusion
HCWs’ experiences, perspectives and recommendations provide insights to enhance preparedness for future epidemics and pandemics, and sustain IPC in general practices. For IPC improvement strategies, adopting an integrated system-based approach that encompasses actions across multiple levels and engages multiple stakeholders is recommended.
Prediction of 30-day in-hospital mortality in older UGIB patients using a simplified risk score and comparison with AIMS65 score
Authors: Xue Zaiyao , Che Hebin , Xie Deyou , Ren Jiefeng , Si Quanjin 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
Upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB) in older patients is associated with substantial in-hospital morbidity and mortality. This study aimed to develop and validate a simplified risk score for predicting 30-day in-hospital mortality in this population.

Methods
A retrospective analysis was conducted on data from 1899 UGIB patients aged ≥ 65 years admitted to a single medical center between January 2010 and December 2019. An additional cohort of 330 patients admitted from January 2020 to October 2021 was used for external validation. Variable selection was performed using five distinct methods, and models were generated using generalized linear models, random forest, support vector machine, and k-nearest neighbors approaches. The developed score, “ABCAP,” incorporated Albumin < 30 g/L, Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN) > 7.5 mmol/L, Cancer presence, Altered mental status, and Pulse rate > 100/min, each assigned a score of 1. Internal and external validation procedures compared the ABCAP score with the AIMS65 score.

Results
In internal validation, the ABCAP score demonstrated robust predictive capability with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.878 (95% CI: 0.824–0.932), which was significantly better than the AIMS65 score (AUC: 0.827, 95% CI: 0.751–0.904), as revealed by the DeLong test (p = 0.048). External validation of the ABCAP score resulted in an AUC of 0.799 (95% CI: 0.709–0.889), while the AIMS65 score yielded an AUC of 0.743 (95% CI: 0.647–0.838), with no significant difference between the two scores based on the DeLong test (p = 0.16). However, the ABCAP score at the 3–5 score level demonstrated superior performance in identifying high-risk patients compared to the AIMS65 score. This score exhibited consistent predictive accuracy across variceal and non-variceal UGIB subgroups.

Conclusions
The ABCAP score incorporates easily obtained clinical variables and demonstrates promising predictive ability for 30-day in-hospital mortality in older UGIB patients. It allows effective mortality risk stratification and showed slightly better performance than the AIMS65 score. Further cohort validation is required to confirm generalizability.
Effect of glucose variability on the mortality of adults aged 75 years and over during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Salinero-Fort Miguel A. , San Andrés-Rebollo F. Javier , Cárdenas-Valladolid Juan , Mostaza José , Lahoz Carlos , Rodriguez-Artalejo Fernando , Gómez-Campelo Paloma , Vich-Pérez Pilar , Jiménez-García Rodrigo , de-Miguel-Yanes José M. , Maroto-Rodriguez Javier , Taulero-Escalera Belén , Campo Víctor Iriarte ,   on behalf of the Aged-Madrid Study Research Group, Gutiérrez-Misis A. , Carrillo de Santa Pau E. , Castell-Alcalá M. V. , Álvarez-Embarba B. , Behzadi-Koochani N. , de Burgos-Lunar C. , Regueiro-Toribio P. , Gijón-Conde T. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
To our knowledge, only one study has examined the association between glucose variability (GV) and mortality in the elderly population with diabetes. GV was assessed by HbA1c, and a J-shaped curve was observed in the relationship between HbA1c thresholds and mortality. No study of GV was conducted during the COVID-19 pandemic and its lockdown. This study aims to evaluate whether GV is an independent predictor of all-cause mortality in patients aged 75 years or older with and without COVID-19 who were followed during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic and its lockdown measures.

Methods
This was a retrospective cohort study of 407,492 patients from the AGED-MADRID dataset aged 83.5 (SD 5.8) years; 63.2% were women, and 29.3% had diabetes. GV was measured by the coefficient of variation of fasting plasma glucose (CV-FPG) over 6 years of follow-up (2015–2020). The outcome measure was all-cause mortality in 2020. Four models of logistic regression were performed, from simple (age, sex) to fully adjusted, to assess the effect of CV-FPG on all-cause mortality.

Results
During follow-up, 34,925 patients died (14,999 women and 19,926 men), with an all-cause mortality rate of 822.3 per 10,000 person-years (95% confidence interval (CI), 813.7 to 822.3) (739 per 10,000; 95% CI 728.7 to 739.0 in women and 967.1 per 10,000; 95% CI 951.7 to 967.2 in men). The highest quartile of CV-FPG was significantly more common in the deceased group (40.1% vs. 23.6%; p < 0.001). In the fully adjusted model including dementia (Alzheimer’s disease) and basal FPG, the odds ratio for mortality ranged from 1.88 to 2.06 in patients with T2DM and from 2.30 to 2.61 in patients with normoglycaemia, according to different sensitivity analyses.

Conclusions
GV has clear implications for clinical practice, as its assessment as a risk prediction tool should be included in the routine follow-up of the elderly and in a comprehensive geriatric assessment. Electronic health records can incorporate tools that allow its calculation, and with this information, clinicians will have a broader view of the medium- and long-term prognosis of their patients.
Recent HIV infection and associated factors among newly diagnosed HIV cases in the Southwest Ethiopia Regional State: HIV case-based surveillance analysis (2019–2022)
Authors: Admasu Nigatu , Lomboro Abraham , Kebede Enyew , Bejiga Birra , Bulti Jaleta , Abdella Saro , Belete Wudinesh , Chemeda Gemechu 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
Globally, there were an estimated 39 million people living with HIV with 1.3 million new HIV infections by the end of 2023. The Sub-Saharan Africa accounted 51% of new HIV infections. HIV case-based Surveillance collects data on newly diagnosed HIV cases, recent HIV infections, and other sentinel events, aiding evidence-based decision making. There is limited evidence on these in Ethiopia. The objective of this study is to determine the incidence proportion of recent infections and associated factors among newly diagnosed HIV cases and their distribution by person, place, and time in the Southwest Ethiopia Regional State.

Methods
A retrospective analysis was conducted on HIV case-based surveillance dataset (July 2019 to June 2022) from the Southwest Ethiopia Regional State. Recent HIV infection is an infection that acquired within the last 12 months as diagnosed by Asante recency test kits. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 26. ArcGIS version 10.8 was used for mapping recent infections. Logistic regression was employed to identify factors associated with recent infections. In multivariable logistic regression analysis, variables with p-value < 0.05 and an adjusted odds ratio with 95% confidence interval were considered to declare significant association.

Results
A total of 1,167 newly diagnosed HIV cases (eligible cases) were identified. Among these, 786 (67.3%) recency tests were performed. The mean age of individuals with recent infection was 28.4 years. The proportion of recent infection is 89 (11.3%, 95% CI: 11.2, 11.5%). The highest proportion of recent infection is reported from the West Omo zone (42.9%), whereas 13.2% in Bench Sheko zone. Recent infection is significantly associated with age 15–24 years [AOR = 7.14, 95%CI: 2.89,17.57], age 25–34 years [AOR = 5.34, 95%CI: 2.20,12.94], females [AOR = 2.03, 95%CI: 1.26,3.25], and contact history with the index case [AOR = 0.48, 95%CI: 0.28, 0.83]. The incidence of recent infection increased from 86 (in 2019/20) to 132 (in 2022) recent infections per 1,000 newly diagnosed cases.

Conclusions
Recent HIV infection is a public health concern in the Southwest Ethiopia Regional State with an increasing incidence. Targeted prevention efforts are necessary, especially for females and younger people.
Plasma-based proteomic profiling identifies the distinct regulation of proteins in hyperplasia and endometrial cancer
Authors: Akkour Khalid , Alanazi Ibrahim O , Alfadda Assim A , Masood Afshan , Alhalal Hani , Joy Salini Scaria , Bassi Ali , Alshehri Eman , Alwehaibi Moudi A , Arafah Maria , Benabdelkamel Hicham 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
Among gynaecological malignancies, endometrial cancer (EC) is the most prevalent type of uterine cancer affecting women. This study explored the proteomic profiles of plasma samples obtained from EC patients, those with hyperplasia (Hy), and a control group (CO). A combination of techniques, such as 2D-DIGE, mass spectrometry, and bioinformatics, including pathway analysis, was used to identify proteins with modified expression levels, biomarkers and their associated metabolic pathways in these groups.

Methods
Thirty-four patients, categorized into three groups—10 with EC, 12 with Hy, and 12 CO—between the ages of 46 and 75 years old were included in the study. Untargeted proteomic analysis was carried out using two-dimensional difference in gel electrophoresis (2D-DIGE) coupled with matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS).

Results
In all three groups, 114 proteins that were significantly (p ≤ 0.05 and fold change ≥ 1.5) altered were successfully identified using peptide mass fingerprints (PMFs). Compared with those in the control group (CO), the EC samples had 85 differentially expressed proteins (39 upregulated and 46 downregulated), and in the Hy group, 81 proteins were dysregulated (40 upregulated and 41 downregulated) compared to those in the CO group, while 33 proteins exhibited differential regulation (12 upregulated and 21 downregulated) in the EC plasma samples compared to those in the Hy group. Vitamin D binding protein and complement C3 distinguished Hy and EC from CO with the greatest changes in expression. Among the differentially expressed proteins identified, enzymes with catalytic activity represented the largest group (42.9%). In terms of biological processes, most of the proteins were involved in cellular processes (28.8%), followed by metabolic processes (16.7%). STRING analysis for protein interactions revealed that the significantly differentially abundant proteins in the three groups are involved in three main biological processes: signalling of complement and coagulation cascades, regulation of insulin-like growth factor (IGF) transport and uptake by insulin-like growth factor binding proteins (IGFBPs), and plasma lipoprotein assembly, remodelling, and clearance.

Conclusion
The identified plasma protein markers have the potential to serve as biomarkers for differentiating between EC and Hy, as well as for early diagnosis and monitoring of cancer progression.