bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Extensile Posterior Approach to the Ankle with Detachment of the Achilles Tendon for Oncologic Indications
Authors: Maheshwari Aditya V. , Walters Jason A. , Henshaw Robert M. 
Published: July 2012

Background: We describe an extensile posterior approach to the ankle with detachment of the Achilles tendon for resection of extensive tumors involving the posterior ankle. To the best of our knowledge, this approach and its results have not been reported for oncologic indications. Methods: The surgical technique involved detachment of the Achilles tendon, tumor resection and reconstruction of the Achilles tendon with anchor sutures, and was used in six patients. The diagnosis was pigmented villonodular synovitis (5) and chondroblastoma (1). Results: At a mean of 6 (range, 2 to 10) years followup, all patients were free from tumor. All patients could walk an unlimited amount without any support. There were no problems with Achilles incompetence. The mean Musculoskeletal Tumor Society score was 97 ± 4.2% (range, 90 to 100) and the mean Achilles Tendon Total Rupture Score was 95 ± 5.7 (range, 87 to 100). One patient with screwed suture anchors had backing out of two anchors along with deep infection, requiring surgical debridement and anchor removal. One other patient had a post-traumatic small wound dehiscence which responded to local wound care. Conclusion: Excellent exposure, tumor control and patient function were achieved by this approach in a select group of patients. The surgical technique described in this report offers another alternative for an extensile posterior approach to the ankle and/or subtalar joints. Level of Evidence: IV, Retrospective Case Series
Comparison between Suture Anchor and Transosseous Suture for the Modified-Broström Procedure
Authors: Cho Byung-Ki , Kim Yong-Min , Kim Dong-Soo , Choi Eui-Sung , Shon Hyun-Chul , Park Kyoung-Jin 
Published: July 2012

Background: This prospective, randomized study was conducted to compare clinical outcomes of the modified Broström procedure using suture anchor or transosseous suture technique for chronic ankle instability. Methods: Forty patients were followed for more than 2 years after modified Broström procedure. Twenty procedures using a suture anchor and 20 procedures using a transosseous suture were performed by one surgeon. The clinical evaluation consisted of the Karlsson scale and the Sefton grading system. Talar tilt and anterior talar translation were measured on anterior and varus stress radiographs. Results: The Karlsson scale had improved significantly to 90.8 points in the suture anchor group, and to 89.2 points in the transosseous suture group. According to Sefton grading system, 18 patients (90%) in suture anchor group and 17 patients (85%) in transosseous suture group achieved satisfactory results. The talar tilt angle and anterior talar translation improved significantly to 5.9 degrees and 4.2 mm in suture anchor group, and to 5.4 degrees and 4.1 mm in transosseous suture group, respectively. Conclusion: No significant differences existed in clinical and functional outcomes between the two techniques for ligament reattachment. Both modified Broström procedures using the suture anchor and transosseous suture seem to be effective treatment methods for chronic lateral ankle instability. Level of Evidence: I, Prospective Randomized Trial
Distal Linear Osteotomy Compared to Oblique Diaphyseal Osteotomy in Moderate to Severe Hallux Valgus
Authors: Chiang Chao-Ching , Lin Chien-Fu Jeff , Tzeng Yun-Hsuan , Huang Ching-Kuei , Chen Wei-Ming , Liu Chien-Lin 
Published: July 2012

Background: There are no comparative studies of proximal and distal osteotomy for treatment of moderate to severe hallux valgus. Our purpose was to compare the surgical outcomes of modified proximal Ludloff (oblique diaphyseal) osteotomy with modified distal Bösch (distal linear) osteotomy by a single surgeon in moderate to severe hallux valgus. Methods: This retrospective study included feet with a hallux valgus angle greater than 30 degrees. A total of 30 feet (average age, 64.5 years) underwent Ludloff and 32 feet (average age, 61.1 years) underwent Bösch osteotomy. Both osteotomies were combined with distal soft tissue procedure. Clinical outcomes including AOFAS score and satisfaction rate were compared and radiographic parameters analyzed at 2 years of followup. Results: AOFAS scores were equivalent ( p = 0.483), with comparable satisfaction rates in both groups ( p = 0.418). The radiographic results including hallux valgus angle ( p = 0.026), intermetatarsal angle 1-2 ( p < 0.001), sesamoid position ( p = 0.008), correction of intermetatarsal angle 1-2 ( p < 0.001), and change of sesamoid position ( p < 0.001) were significantly better in the Bösch group. Correction of hallux valgus angle ( p = 0.308) and shortening of the first metatarsal ( p = 0.086) were insignificant with the numbers available. Recurrence developed in eight feet of the Ludloff group and two of the Bösch group ( p = 0.040). Dorsiflexion malunion occurred in four feet in the Bösch group, as compared with one in the Ludloff group. Conclusion: Our study found that distal linear osteotomy was a more reliable reconstruction with equivalent function outcomes than an oblique diaphyseal osteotomy. Additional fixation may be necessary to decrease sagittal malunion in distal Bösch osteotomy. Level of Evidence: III, Retrospective Comparative Study
Inpatient Soft Tissue Protocol and Wound Complications in Calcaneus Fractures
Authors: Bergin Patrick F. , Psaradellis Telly , Krosin Michael T. , Wild Jason R. , Stone Marcus B. , Musapatika Dana , Weber Timothy G. 
Published: July 2012

Background: Operative treatment of calcaneus fractures is associated with the risk of early wound complications. Though accepted practice dictates surgery should be delayed until soft tissues recover from the initial traumatic insult, optimal timing of surgery has not been delineated. Methods: A retrospective chart and radiographic review at a level I trauma center was performed to determine if an aggressive inpatient soft tissue management protocol designed to decrease the time delay from injury to surgery is effective at reducing complications. Ninety-seven patients (17 female, 80 male; mean age, 39.7 ± 14.0 years) with 102 calcaneus fractures treated between October 1995 and January 2005 were identified. Differences in complication rates and quality of reduction between the inpatient and outpatient treatment groups were analyzed. Quality of reduction was determined by measuring postoperative Bohler's angle and posterior facet articular step-off. Results: Mean time from injury to surgery was 6.2 days for the inpatient group and 10.8 days for the outpatient group ( p < 0.0001). The overall complication rate was over twice as high in the outpatient group (27 versus 12%, p = 0.04) and the serious complication rate was 6.5 times higher when patients were managed as outpatients (9% versus 1%, p = 0.09). With the numbers available, there were no significant differences in the quality of reduction obtained at surgery. Conclusion: This study suggests that this inpatient soft tissue management protocol of calcaneal fractures is a feasible treatment option when a patient is kept in the hospital that offers a reduction in postoperative wound complications while enabling surgery 4 days earlier on average. Level of Evidence: III, Retrospective Comparative Study
Neuroanatomical Basis for the Tarsal Tunnel Syndrome
Authors: Singh Gurpal , Kumar V. P. 
Published: July 2012

Background: The results of surgical treatment for tarsal tunnel syndrome have been suboptimal, especially in the absence of space-occupying lesions. We attribute this to a poor understanding of the detailed anatomy of the ‘tarsal tunnel’ and potential sites of nerve compression. Methods: This study involved the dissection of 19 cadaveric feet. All findings and measurements were documented with digital photography and digital calipers. Results: This study demonstrated three well-defined, tough fascial septae in the sole of the foot. In addition to the flexor retinaculum and the abductor hallucis, two of these septae represented potential sites of compression of the posterior tibial nerve and its branches. The medial plantar nerve may be entrapped under the medial septum. However, in 16 of 19 feet, the medial plantar nerve did not traverse beneath the septum. The lateral plantar nerve traversed beneath the medial septum in all specimens. The nerve to abductor digiti minimi may be trapped under the medial and intermediate septum. Conclusion: We detailed the anatomical relationship of the nerve branches relative to the fibrous septae and found that the medial plantar nerve did not traverse a septae in all specimens. Clinical Relevance: We believe better understanding of the anatomical relationships of the tarsal tunnel and a clear communication system among anatomists, neuroradiologists and foot and ankle surgeons will facilitate accurate preoperative localization of the site of nerve compression possibly leading to better outcomes. Level of Evidence: IV, Retrospective Case Control Study
The Lion, the Witch and the Cold War: Political Meanings in the Religious Writings of C.S. Lewis
Authors: Chapman Roger 
Published: July 2012

Abstract: The Lion, the Witch and the Wardrobe, the first of the Chronicles of Narnia series by C.S. Lewis, is a fairy tale with an obvious Christian theme. In addition, the work artfully renders a medievalist symbolic conception of the planet Jupiter. However, the novel is also laced with an ideological element that reflects certain negative attitudes toward totalitarianism. This essay explores the political aspect of The Lion, the Witch and the Wardrobe, showing how it harmonizes with the Western anti-Soviet mentality of the early Cold War period.
The Humorous Reproduction of Religious Prejudice: “Cults” and Religious Humour inThe Simpsons,South Park, andKing of the Hill
Authors: Feltmate David 
Published: July 2012

Abstract:Through an examination of how generic “cults” are presented in three specific episodes of The Simpsons, South Park, and King of the Hill, this article illustrates how humorous prejudice is reproduced through popular entertainment. It argues that a generic “cult” stereotype has developed over time in mass media and is reproduced in these programs for comedic effect. After demonstrating how specific correlations between historic fears about specific groups have found their way into these programs, it concludes with a discussion of the political significance of these programs’ satire.
The Horror of (a) Playing God: Job’s Nightmare and Michael Haneke’s Funny Games
Authors: Herling Bradley 
Published: July 2012

Abstract: Michael Haneke’s film Funny Games (1997; American remake 2007) offers a potent critique of violence as entertainment, but on a deeper level, in its depiction of the diabolical games that can produce horrific suffering, the film reasserts the philosophical/theological “problem of evil.” Placing Funny Games in dialogue with the Book of Job, this article argues that Haneke’s film poses a radical challenge to standard narratives of redemption and exposes the experiential core of the often abstracted “problem” of seemingly unwarranted suffering.
Branding the Divine: Albrech Dürer’s Praying Hands and the Branding of Iconography
Authors: Morris Pamela K. , Maslakowski Katya 
Published: July 2012

Abstract: In 1508, artist Albrech Dürer sketched a life-study of a pair of hands clasped in prayer. Over 500 years later, the Betende Hände can be found all over the United States in the form of knickknacks in private homes and civic statues, and online. The phenomenon is an interesting case study of popular religion, consumer culture, and the intersections of public and private worship. Using a blend of advertising and branding theory and iconographic theory, this paper proposes to illuminate the ways that the Praying Hands of Dürer became a lasting symbol of popular devotion across a wide range of media.
Trends in HIV-1 Reverse Transcriptase Resistance-Associated Mutations and Antiretroviral Prescription Data from 2003–2010
Authors: Miller Michael D , Haddad Mojgan , Su Cathy , Gibbs Craig , McColl Damian J , Guyer Bill 
Published: July 2012

Background The selection of antiretroviral (ARV) drugs for treatment of HIV-1 infection is based on several factors including potency, toxicity, resistance and ease of administration. Emtricitabine (FTC) or lamivudine (3TC), components of recommended initial ARV regimens, are structurally related and share the same resistance mutation (M184V/I). However they differ with respect to potency and incidence of M184V/I. Methods Resistance-associated mutation (RAM) prevalence data were obtained from genotype test results performed in a large reference laboratory from 2003–2010; subsets of data were defined by mutation pattern to resemble those following failure of non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI)-based combination therapy. Mutational trend data were compared to contemporaneous ARV prescription information. Results In the unfiltered data set ( n=107,231), the prevalence in 2010 decreased compared to 2003 for all nucleoside/nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI) RAMs, such as M184V/I (44.0% to 17.9%), T215Y (22.7% to 4.1%), and K65R (4.3% to 2.1%). Among samples resembling those typical of first-line NNRTI-based failures, prevalence of K103N increased slightly, but prevalence of M184V/I decreased (49.8% to 36.8%), as did other NRTI RAMs. These decreases were coincident with a shift in ARV prescriptions away from zidovudine and 3TC towards tenofovir and FTC, and an increase in use of fixed-dose combinations. Conclusions RAM prevalence decreased substantially since 2003 among samples submitted for resistance testing in the US. The causes of this decrease are multifactorial, but our results suggest a possible role of increased use of potent ARVs that are available as fixed-dose combinations or as single-tablet regimens.
Prélèvement/déplacement : le document au lieu de l'œuvre
Authors: Zenetti Marie-Jeanne 
Published: July 2012

Résumé Le montage documentaire, qui apparaît comme une forme caractéristique des modalités d’intégration du document dans la littérature du vingtième siècle, connaît des cas limites, où le document envahit entièrement l’espace textuel et se voit ainsi livré en lieu et place de l’œuvre. Alexander Kluge dans Stalingrad, description d’une bataille et Charles Reznikoff dans Testimony se cantonnent volontairement à un geste de sélection, de compilation et de mise en forme de discours préexistants, sans jamais interpréter ou analyser les documents qu’ils citent. Pourtant cette intégration à un contexte littéraire suffit à modifier le regard que le lecteur porte sur le document : le prélèvement est aussi un déplacement qui l’ouvre à d’autres usages et à d’autres interrogations.
Vous et moi : usages autobiographiques du matériau documentaire
Authors: Montémont Véronique 
Published: July 2012

Résumé Les textes autobiographiques contemporains sont fréquemment placés sous le régime de l’hybridation : les dernières décennies montrent un important et fréquent retour au document, que le texte mentionne, cite, et de plus en plus souvent montre. Une analyse statistique et thématique permet d’observer les points de contact et les modalités de coexistence (fusion, tension, friction) de ces matériaux hétérogènes que sont les lettres, les photographies, les journaux et les archives publiques sur lesquels les auteurs choisissent de s’appuyer. La présence de ce matériau documentaire au sein du texte, en tout état de cause, interroge la forme même de l’autobiographie, qu’elle arrache au solipsisme énonciatif : dans certains cas, l’intention est polémique – une sorte d’offensive antinarcissique ; dans d’autres, elle participe du désir d’une autobiographie assimilatrice, qui cherche à inscrire la destinée individuelle dans l’histoire familiale, sociale, politique.
Les femmes de Juárez : meurtre, disparition, silence et traduction dans les œuvres de Roberto Bolaño et Sergio GonzalezRodriguez
Authors: Robert-Foley Lily 
Published: July 2012

Résumé Où situer la ligne de partage entre fiction et document ? 2666 de Roberto Bolaño et Huesos en el Desierto de Sergio Gonzaléz Rodriguez portent sur le même sujet : le meurtre, réel, de trois cent femmes aux alentours de la ville mexicaine de Juárez. Chacune de ces œuvres traite ces événements en repoussant les limites du genre auquel elle est supposée appartenir. En effet, si le livre de Roberto Bolaño relève du domaine de la fiction, celui de Sergio Gonzaléz Rodriguez est généralement considéré comme une œuvre de prose documentaire. La mise en regard de ces textes, qui brouillent la limite entre fiction et non-fiction, témoigne de la porosité des frontières génériques dans les écritures contemporaines, et invite à s’interroger sur leur pertinence.
Du document à l'archive : l'historien de la littérature face à ses sources
Authors: Bloomfield Camille 
Published: July 2012

Résumé Comment les études littéraires peuvent-elles utiliser les archives d’écrivains ? Si celles-ci peuvent constituer une source d’information sur la fabrique des œuvres, dans une perspective génétique, elles doivent aussi être considérées comme des documents que l’on peut interroger pour mieux cerner à la fois le rapport de ces écrivains à leur mémoire, et, en filigrane, le fonctionnement de l’institution littéraire elle-même. À partir d’un travail sur les archives de l’Oulipo, il apparaît que les travaux issus de l’historiographie peuvent être réinvestis, dans le but de repérer comment certains écrivains transforment, plus ou moins volontairement, leurs documents en autant de monuments pour la postérité.
Bricoler, domestiquer et contourner la science : l'essor de la biologie de garage
Authors: Meyer Morgan 
Published: July 2012

Résumé De plus en plus d’amateurs construisent aujourd’hui des laboratoires rudimentaires dans leurs garages, cuisines, ou caves pour y réaliser des expérimentations en biologie moléculaire. Cet article analyse les lieux et la matérialité de cette « biologie de garage » (ou « do-it-yourself biology » ). Des techniques et des objets spécifiques sont nécessaires pour transformer une maison privée en un lieu où des expérimentations peuvent être réalisées. L’article montre que l’abordabilité, la disponibilité et surtout la mutabilité d’objets sont des facteurs essentiels. On observe ainsi des objets qui sont transformés, donnés, combinés, remplacés, imités, achetés en occasion, etc. En particulier, l’utilisation de « contournements créatifs » autour d’objets (pour les transformer et les combiner de manière nouvelle) et autour d’institutions (afin de contourner des liens économiques établis entre les universités et l’industrie) est à relever. Les biologistes de garage utilisent divers dispositifs de communication - sites Web, blogs, outils open source, forums, vidéos – pour échanger des connaissances et des objets et pour ainsi surmonter certaines frontières.
The natural history of mites (Acari: Mesostigmata) associated with the white-spotted sawyer beetle (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae): diversity, phenology, host attachment, and sex bias
Authors: Knee Wayne , Hartzenberg Tammy , Forbes Mark R. , Beaulieu Frédéric 
Published: July 2012

AbstractLittle is known about the acarofauna associated with wood-boring beetles in Canada, including long-horned beetles (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae). Herein, we assessed the prevalence, abundance, diversity, phenology, and attachment location of mesostigmatic mites (Acari: Mesostigmata) associated with Monochamus scutellatus (Say), and tested whether the abundance and prevalence of mites differed between male and female beetles. A total of 176 beetles were collected in two sites in eastern Ontario in 2008 and 2009 using Lindgren funnel traps baited with α-pinene and ethanol lures, and 71% of hosts had mesostigmatic mites. A total of 2486 mites were collected, representing eight species, four genera, and three families (Digamasellidae, Trematuridae, and Melicharidae). Average prevalence was variable across mite species, and the number of mites per infested beetle also varied across species. Many of the mite species collected in this study have been reported from other cerambycid species, as well as from other wood-boring beetles, such as bark beetles. There was no significant sex bias in the abundance or prevalence of mites between male and female M. scutellatus, which suggests that there is no selective advantage for mites to disperse on females. This study represents the first quantitative investigation of the mites associated with M. scutellatus in Canada.
Route Competition in Multi-Airport Cities: An Analysis of US Air Fares
Authors: Cho Woohyun , Windle Robert J. , Hofer Christian 
Published: July 2012

Abstract
When there is only one airport in the origin and destination cities of a given route market, the assessment of level of competition in an airline route market can be straightforward. The presence of more than one airport at the origin or destination cities, however, makes the measurement of route competition much more difficult. This research measures competition at both the airport pair and city pair levels to empirically separate the impacts of direct and adjacent competition on yields in multi-airport cities. The analysis of a large panel data set from the US airline industry reveals that airport pairs within a metropolitan area appear to be effective yet imperfect substitutes. That is, while competition at adjacent airport pairs does have significant effect on fares in a focal airport pair market, this effect is found to be markedly smaller than that of added competition in the focal airport-to-airport route market. In addition, the effects of airport location relative to the population epicenter, the extent of airport congestion, and a carrier's strategic type on yields and passenger demand are assessed. Implications for policymakers and managers are discussed and directions for future research are provided.
Air Traffic Controllers' Situation Awareness and Workload under Dynamic Air Traffic Situations
Authors: Lee Yeong Heok , Jeon Jeong-Dae , Choi Youn-Chul 
Published: July 2012

Abstract
As air-traffic control (ATC) services are provided for the purpose of achieving flight safety and efficient aircraft operations, the role of air-traffic controllers in the aviation system is vital. Since the accident rates caused by human error have been increasing, major aviation institutes worldwide are actively conducting research on the human factors affecting controllers. Among human factors in aviation, situation awareness (SA) and workload have been at the center of many research activities for years. Also, many people have expressed an interest in how these two constructs relate to each other. In this article, the relations between controllers' SA and workload were explored under different taskload conditions. An experiment that included ATC simulation to measure the controller's SA and workload at various air-traffic situations was conducted. Based on the results of this study, the measures to keep the controller's SA and workload at a manageable level and the effective training programs can be explored.