bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reservoir Characterisation of high Heterogeneous Thin Interbedding Layers
Authors: Khemissa S. R. , Al-Shemsi Abdullah , Al-Felasi S. P. , Al-Farisi Omar , Fathalla S. R. , Ghalem R. M. , Nakamura T. L. , Al-Alyak Abass 
Published: December 2011

Abstract
Reservoir characterization is the most important input element in building a robust geological and simulation models. The Improvement in reservoir description enhances the understanding of the reservoir heterogeneity and reduces the uncertainties on field development. This can be achieved with better characterisation of reservoir properties such as Rock Types, porosity, permeability and saturation.
The reservoir is developed by water and gas injection. In order to better understand field behavior, enhance oil recovery, produce difficult oil, a detailed reservoir characterization study was performed, followed by construction of fine grid geological model and simulation model. The main goal of the model is to predict middle and long term development plan.
The depositional model represents a shallow water carbonate platform with a set of facies that characterize each system tract. These facies range from bioclastic Wackestone, Mudstones, with sponge Spicules of shallow shelf through a shoal area with Peloidal and Oolitic grain dominated fabrics to the restricted lagoon foraminifera bioturbated Wackestone and microcrystalline dolomite and finally into the upper intertidal facies of macro crystalline dolomite and nodular anhydrite. The digenetic model comprised surface, subtidal, shallow, and deep burial diagenetic events, such as micritization, fringing calcite marine cement, vadose grain leaching, compaction, stylolitization, dolomitisation, anhydrite cementation and fracturing.
Modeling of Diagenetic Controls on Reservoir Characteristics
Authors: Zhang Xiangmin 
Published: December 2011

Abstract
Diagenesis plays a big role in controlling the reservoir storage and flow properties. Modeling the effects of dominant diagenetic processes on petrophysical properties is of importance in reservoir characterization in order to convert a static geologic model into a dynamic reservoir flow model. This paper presents a study on modeling of microstructure and porosity/permeability evolution controlled by three end-member diagenetic processes, namely mechanical compaction, cementation and chemical compaction. Initial pore scale microstructure is modeled by assuming unit cell of uniform spheres with loose simple cubic packing (SC). Mechanical compaction leads change in packing styles from simple cubic packing (SC) to denser face-centered cubic (FCC) packing, while keeping grain size and shape fixed. Cementation is modeled as a process of grain-growth by precipitation while keeping the initial grain center-center distance fixed. Chemical compaction or pressure solution allows grains to dissolve at grain-grain contacts and reduces bulk volume of the unit cells. In a chemically closed system, pressure solution leads grain growth via precipitation of material derived from grain contacts. In a chemically open system, dissolved material by pressure solution is taken away from the system. Porosity is treated as the degree of diagenesis and is independent to grain size. Permeability is modeled using Kozeny-Carman equation for each end-member diagenetic microstructure and normalized to initial grain size. The relationships between porosity and universal permeability for different diagenetic processes are compared. Two diagenetic paths can be distinguished from the modeling results. Mechanical compaction is a more efficient mechanism for permeability reduction than cementation and chemical compaction. Other petrophysical parameters such as pore throat radius, specific surface area and tortuosity are also given.
A High Resolution Reservoir Simulation Model Constrained to Complex Clastic Rock Bodies for a Realistic Study of an Offshore Field
Authors: Sultan Ahmad J. , Vargas-Guzman J. A. , Thuwaini Jamil S. , Kumar Pranay 
Published: December 2011

Abstract
This paper portrays an unconventional state-of-the-art reservoir simulation study for an offshore field in the Arabian Gulf. The anticline shaped reservoir trap contains clastic flow units modeled with complex rock bodies deposited in a fluvial-tidal delta. The reservoir has highly permeable stacked braided sandstone channels overlain by heterogeneous stringer sands in tidal channels and bars interspersed with shale. While a conventional history matched model is valid at wellbores, clastic reservoirs usually present challenges for in-fill drilling prediction at inter-well locations due to the complex geometries of curvilinear sandstone rock bodies. A rock body based simulation model was used for history matching and was investigated for further production development scenarios. Rock bodies were constructed using a combination of object based approaches constrained to geometries and connectivity from analog satellite images. The nonlinear heterogeneity was modeled with a higher-order moment methodology, preserving the extreme permeability values observed in core data, and was calibrated to permeability and height (KH) from buildup well tests. The final simulation model was cross validated with recently gathered pressure data from Modular Dynamics Tester/Repeat Formation Tester (MDT/RFT) tests.
A previous history matched model based on older methodologies (i.e., Sequential Indicator Simulation (SIS)) was compared with our new rock body based simulation model for pressure, water cut, and the gas-oil ratio (GOR) matches. The history match of the linear SIS model was achieved only after time consuming, drastic and patchy "ad hoc" corrections of permeability around the wellbores. The inclusion of complex rock bodies to constrain our new model reduced uncertainty in the inter-well areas, and helped in achieving better history match that ensures reliable production forecast for the stringer sands. The paper comprises the numerical details, comparisons and validation relevant to the study. In addition, production scenarios were evaluated and compared. The rock bodies and higher-order heterogeneity based model revealed that by placing the wells with the adequate orientation and spacing, targeting the sand bodies is paramount to improve the recovery from the field.
Feminine Authorship and Women's Education in Citius, Altius, Fortius Journal (1959-1976)
Authors: Isidori Emanuele , Peña María , Pedraz Miguel 
Published: December 2011

Feminine Authorship and Women's Education in Citius, Altius, Fortius Journal (1959-1976)This article approaches women's scientific and humanistic production in the journal Citius, Altius, Fortius. Based on several previous bibliometric and thematic studies - where the journal's epistemological orientation and ideological and editorial trajectory were analyzed - this research aims to highlight and analyze the role of women who collaborate in the journal in order to set these representations. The article deals particularly with women's conceptions as physical activity practitioners.Descriptive, comparative and content analysis techniques have been used, emphasizing ideological discourse. In conclusion we point out the disproportion of women's scientific production, which shows males' dominant position in physical activity studies at that time.The very female authors' perspective about sportswomen is in fact an accommodative, and even a servile, position towards the dominant physicaleducative and sport discourses.
Synthesis and characterization of a terpolymer derived from styrene, methyl styrene, and polyaniline and its organoclay nanocomposite
Authors: Abbasian Mojtaba , Jaymand Mehdi , Shoja Bonab Solmaz Esmaeily 
Published: December 2011

AbstractA synthetic route for the preparation of a novel solution terpolymer derived from styrene, methyl styrene, and polyaniline (PANI) and its organoclay nanocomposite with conductive and mechanical properties is demonstrated. Soluble PANI was synthesized by the incorporation of brominated poly(styrene‐co‐methyl styrene) onto the emeraldine form of PANI. Styrene‐co‐methyl styrene copolymer was synthesized via nitroxide‐mediated living radical polymerization by 2,2,6,6‐tetramethylpiperidinyloxy iniferter and then was brominated withN‐bromosuccinimide. The solution terpolymer derived from styrene, methyl styrene, and PANI was synthesized through theN‐grafting reaction of deprotonated PANI and brominated terpolymer. Nanocomposites of the terpolymer with modified montmorillonite were prepared with a solution intercalation method. The conductivity of the terpolymer was measured by the four‐point probe method. The structures of the intermediate, terpolymer, and nanocomposite were investigated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy,1H‐NMR, and X‐ray diffraction techniques. The molecular weight of the terpolymer was determined by gel permeation chromatography. Their thermal behavior was examined by differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetric analyses. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012
Characterization of ZnO/polyaniline nanocomposites prepared by using surfactant solutions as polymerization media
Authors: Alves Kleber G. B. , Felix Jorlandio F. , de Melo Etelino F. , dos Santos Clécio G. , Andrade Cesar A. S. , de Melo Celso P. 
Published: December 2011

AbstractWe report the preparation and characterization of pure polyaniline nanoparticles (PANI_NPs), zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO_NPs), and ZnO_NPs/PANI hybrid inorganic/organic nanocomposites (HION) dispersed in aqueous sodium dodecyl sulfate solutions. We have characterized the HION, which were prepared by the polymerization of aniline in presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate and ZnO_NPs, by dynamic light scattering, zeta potential, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), X‐ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscope (SEM). We have obtained ZnO_NPs, PANI_NPs, and ZnO_NPs/PANI with negative values of zeta potential and average diameters of 4.6 nm, 3.6 nm and 8.1 nm, respectively. XRD results reveal that the polymer exhibits a well‐defined crystalline phase, as well as the presence of ZnO in a hexagonal phase. The observed changes in the FTIR spectra of the HION are associated to the formation of hydrogen bonding between the ZnO_NPs and the NH groups present in the PANI chains. Heterogeneous structures with fibrous characteristics are identified in the SEM images. Electrical measurements indicate that the ZnO_NPs/PANI HION exhibit a noticeable light‐sensitive ohmic behavior. We suggest that the preparation method here described offers an easy route of synthesis for the development of water‐soluble ZnO/PANI‐based nanostructures with high colloidal stability and varied functionality. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012
Photochemical Arylation of Brønsted Acids with 2‐Azidobenzimidazole
Authors: Sudakow Alex , Jones Peter G. , Lindel Thomas 
Published: December 2011

AbstractIrradiation of N‐benzylated 2‐azidobenzimidazoles at 300 nm in the presence of an excess amount of carboxylic acids results in a novel regioselective synthesis of 2‐amino‐6‐oxybenzimidazoles in isolated yields of 60–70 %. It is also possible to regioselectively introduce 6‐bromo, 6‐chloro, and 6‐triflyloxy groups. Irradiation in dichloromethane in the absence of external nucleophiles revealed that after loss of nitrogen, the benzimidazolylnitrene probably undergoes coarctate ring opening to an N‐cyano diaza‐o‐xylylene intermediate.
Time‐varying view angle tilting with spiral readout gradients
Authors: Zho Sang‐Young , Kim Dong‐Hyun 
Published: December 2011

AbstractThe conventional Fourier‐transform‐based spin‐echo sequence with a view angle tilting gradient during data acquisition can correct the in‐plane distortion induced by a chemical shift or B0 field inhomogeneity. However, when extended for 3D applications, alternate k‐space sampling can be beneficial for reducing the lengthy scan time. As spiral trajectories have high k‐space acquisition efficiency, we investigated the applicability of spiral trajectory on a spin‐echo view angle tilting pulse sequence. Computer simulations and phantom and in vivo experiments were performed to validate the usage of spiral readout gradients in the presence of a view angle tilting gradient. The results show that as long as the readout time is comparable to Cartesian readout, the resulting images have similar quality. Magn Reson Med, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Synaptic vesicle recycling is enhanced by torsinA that harbors the DYT1 dystonia mutation
Authors: Kakazu Yasuhiro , Koh Jin‐Young , Ho K. W. David , Gonzalez‐Alegre Pedro , Harata N. Charles 
Published: December 2011

AbstractEarly‐onset generalized dystonia, DYT1, is caused by a mutation in the gene encoding the evolutionarily conserved AAA+ ATPase torsinA. Synaptic abnormalities have been implicated in DYT1 dystonia, but the details of the synaptic pathophysiology are only partially understood. Here, we demonstrate a novel role for torsinA in synaptic vesicle recycling, using cultured hippocampal neurons from a knock‐in mouse model of DYT1 dystonia (ΔE‐torsinA) and live‐cell imaging with styryl FM dyes. Neurons from heterozygous ΔE‐torsinA mice released a larger fraction of the total recycling pool (TRP) during a single round of electrical stimulation than did wild‐type neurons. Moreover, when the neurons were subjected to prior high activity, the time course of release was shortened. In neurons from homozygous mice, these enhanced exocytosis phenotypes were similar, but in addition the size of the TRP was reduced. Notably, when release was triggered by applying a calcium ionophore rather than electrical stimuli, neither a single nor two ΔE‐torsinA alleles affected the time course of release. Thus, the site of action of ΔE‐torsinA is at or upstream of the rise in calcium concentration in nerve terminals. Our results suggest that torsinA regulates synaptic vesicle recycling in central neurons. They also indicate that this regulation is influenced by neuronal activity, further supporting the idea that synaptic abnormalities contribute to the pathophysiology of DYT1 dystonia. Synapse, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Palaeohexaploid ancestry for Caryophyllales inferred from extensive gene‐based physical and genetic mapping of the sugar beet genome (Beta vulgaris)
Authors: Dohm Juliane C. , Lange Cornelia , Holtgräwe Daniela , Sörensen Thomas Rosleff , Borchardt Dietrich , Schulz Britta , Lehrach Hans , Weisshaar Bernd , Himmelbauer Heinz 
Published: December 2011

SummarySugar beet (Beta vulgaris) is an important crop plant that accounts for 30% of the world’s sugar production annually. The genus Beta is a distant relative of currently sequenced taxa within the core eudicotyledons; the genomic characterization of sugar beet is essential to make its genome accessible to molecular dissection. Here, we present comprehensive genomic information in genetic and physical maps that cover all nine chromosomes. Based on this information we identified the proposed ancestral linkage groups of rosids and asterids within the sugar beet genome. We generated an extended genetic map that comprises 1127 single nucleotide polymorphism markers prepared from expressed sequence tags and bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) end sequences. To construct a genome‐wide physical map, we hybridized gene‐derived oligomer probes against two BAC libraries with 9.5‐fold cumulative coverage of the 758 Mbp genome. More than 2500 probes and clones were integrated both in genetic maps and the physical data. The final physical map encompasses 535 chromosomally anchored contigs that contains 8361 probes and 22 815 BAC clones. By using the gene order established with the physical map, we detected regions of synteny between sugar beet (order Caryophyllales) and rosid species that involves 1400–2700 genes in the sequenced genomes of Arabidopsis, poplar, grapevine, and cacao. The data suggest that Caryophyllales share the palaeohexaploid ancestor proposed for rosids and asterids. Taken together, we here provide extensive molecular resources for sugar beet and enable future high‐resolution trait mapping, gene identification, and cross‐referencing to regions sequenced in other plant species.
Enhancing efficacy of Mexican fruit fly SIT programmes by large‐scale incorporation of methoprene into pre‐release diet
Authors: Gómez Y. , Teal P. E. A. , Pereira R. 
Published: December 2011

AbstractThe juvenile hormone analogue, methoprene, has been documented to accelerate the development of reproductive competence and sexual signalling of Caribbean (Anastrepha suspensa), the Mexican (Anastrepha ludens), the South American (Anastrepha fraterculus) and West Indian (Anastrepha obliqua) tephritid fruit flies. The incorporation of methoprene into sterile fly release protocols at fly emergence and handling facilities is a key step required for large‐scale application of the technology to field release strategies. The goal of our study was to develop a method to supply, in large scale, methoprene to sterile Mexican fruit flies for release in the current Sterile Insect Technique (SIT) programme in Mexico. In field cage tests, the isolation index of sterile males after treatment with methoprene was reduced, increasing the percentage of mating between laboratory sterile males and wild females. In laboratory trials, males fed a diet containing 0.05% or 0.1% methoprene mated 4‐day earlier than untreated control males. In a pilot area tested in 3500 ha to measure the impact of the sterile releases when methoprene was supplied, no adult wild flies were detected and no larvae were found after sampling more than 330 kg of fruit both in the treated and untreated blocks. Based on the results obtained in this study, we recommend the incorporation of the methoprene on adult diet to improve the Mexican fruit fly male sexual performance when release in the field, contributing to the increase in the cost‐effectiveness of the SIT programme.
Spinal anesthesia for noncardiac surgery in infants with congenital heart diseases
Authors: Kachko Ludmyla , Birk Einat , Simhi Eliahu , Tzeitlin Elena , Freud Enrique , Katz Jacob 
Published: December 2011

SummaryObjective/Aim:  To compare hemodynamic parameters in infants with congenital heart disease (CHD) undergoing noncardiac surgery (NCS) under awake spinal anesthesia (SA) with controls without CHD also undergoing SA.Background:  NCS poses a twofold higher mortality risk in infants with CHD. SA might be a good alternative to general anesthesia (GA) in this setting.Methods:  The files of 84 infants were reviewed; 42 had CHD and 42 were controls without CHD. Primary outcome measures were percent decrease in mean arterial pressure (%MAPdecrease) and heart rate (%HRdecrease) from baseline to the lowest intraoperative value. One‐way analysis of variance (anova), anova with repeated measures, Pearson chi‐square test, Fisher’s exact test, and Pearson correlation were used for statistical analysis. Time to discharge was analyzed with the nonparametric Mann–Whitney U‐test.Results:  There were no significant between‐group differences in %MAPdecrease and %HRdecrease; no significant associations and correlations between %MAPdecrease or %HRdecrease and other variables; and no correlation between %MAPdecrease and %HRdecrease. A %MAPdecrease of >20% was documented in 11 patients with CHD (26.2%) and 10 controls (23.8%); a lowest intraoperative HR of <100 b·min−1 was recorded in two study patients (4.8%) and four controls (9.5%) (P = NS for both). There were no cases of high SA or conversion to GA and no need for mechanical ventilation or inotropic support intra/postoperatively.Conclusions:  These preliminary findings show that hemodynamic parameters in infants with CHD undergoing NCS under awake SA are not different from controls without CHD and that SA appears to be safe in infants with CHD.
The Relationship of Body Fatness and Body Fat Distribution with Microvascular Recruitment: The Amsterdam Growth and Health Longitudinal Study
Authors: WIJNSTOK NIENKE , HOEKSTRA TRYNKE , ERINGA ETTO , SMULDERS YVO , TWISK JOS , SERNE ERIK 
Published: December 2011

Please cite this paper as: Wijnstok N, Hoekstra T, Eringa E, Smulders Y, Twisk J, Serne E. The relationship of body fatness and body fat distribution with microvascular recruitment: The Amsterdam Growth and Health Longitudinal Study. Microcirculation 19: 273–279, 2012.AbstractIntroduction:  Microvascular function has been proposed to link body fatness to CVD and DM2. Current knowledge of these relationships is mainly based on studies in selected populations of extreme phenotypes. Whether these findings can be translated to the general population remains to be investigated.Aim:  To assess the relationship of body fatness and body fat distribution with microvascular function in a healthy population‐based cohort.Methods:  Body fatness parameters were obtained by anthropometry and whole‐body dual‐X‐ray absorptiometry (DEXA) in 2000 and 2006. Microvascular recruitment (i.e., absolute increase in perfused capillaries after arterial occlusion, using nailfold capillaroscopy) was measured in 2006. Linear regression analysis was used to examine the relationship of (changes in) body fatness and body fat distribution with microvascular recruitment.Results:  Data were available for 259 participants (116 men). Capillary density was higher in women than in men (difference 7.3/ mm2; p < 0.05). In the total population, the relationship between total body fatness and microvascular recruitment was positive (β = 0.43; p = 0.002), whereas a central pattern of fat distribution (trunk‐over‐total fatness) showed a negative relationship (β = −26.2; p = 0.032) with microvascular recruitment. However, no association remained apparent after adjustment for gender. In addition, there was no relationship between 6‐year changes in body fatness or fat distribution and microvascular recruitment.Conclusion:  Women show higher capillary recruitment values than men. This study does not support a linear relationship between microvascular function and body fatness or body fat distribution within a population‐based normal range.
Effect of autologous and allogenic platelet‐rich plasma on human gingival fibroblast function
Authors: Creeper F , Ivanovski S 
Published: December 2011

Oral Diseases (2012) 18, 494–500Objective:  Platelet‐rich plasma (PRP) has been proposed as a method of delivering growth factors to enhance regeneration. The aim of this study was to investigate the use of autogenous and allogenic PRP and platelet‐poor plasma (PPP) on migration and proliferation of human gingival fibroblasts in vitro.Methods:  Various concentrations of PRP, as well as PPP, were prepared from autologous and allogenic sources and applied to primary gingival fibroblasts. Migration was determined by assessing the fibroblast response to a concentration gradient. 3H‐thymidine incorporation and crystal violet colorimetric assays were utilized to assess DNA synthesis and proliferation.Results:  Platelet‐rich plasma provides a significant migratory stimulus to gingival fibroblasts. Furthermore, the various concentrations of PRP (50%, 20% and 10%) do not promote DNA synthesis in the short term (24 h), but over the longer term (5 days) they stimulate an increase in cell proliferation. Compared with PPP, PRP was superior in terms of encouraging migration, but was inferior in terms of promoting DNA synthesis and cell proliferation. No difference was noted between the autologous and allogenic PRP preparations on cell function.Conclusion:  Both PPP and PRP promote gingival fibroblast migration and proliferation in vitro, without differences between preparations obtained from autologous and allogenic sources.