bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
New torsion theory in unital abelian ℓ-groups
Authors: Martínez Jorge 
Published: May 2011

Abstract
This paper introduces the notion of a functorial torsion class (FTC): in a concrete category $\mathfrak{C}$ which has image factorization, one considers monocoreflective subcategories which are closed under formation of subobjects.
Here the interest is in FTCs in the category of abelian lattice-ordered groups with designated strong order unit. The FTCs $\mathfrak{T}$ consisting of archimedean latticeordered groups are characterized: for each subgroup A of the rationals with the identity 1, either $\mathfrak{T} = \mathfrak{S}\left( A \right)$, the class of all lattice-ordered groups of functions on a set X which have finite range in A, or $$\mathfrak{T} = \mathbb{T}\left( A \right)$$, the class of all subgroups of A with 1.
As for FTCs possessing non-archimedean groups, it is shown that if $\mathfrak{T}$ is an FTC containing a subgroup A of the reals with 1, of rank two or greater, then $\mathfrak{T}$ contains all ℓ-groups of the form $A\vec \times G$, for all abelian lattice-ordered groups G. Finally, the least FTC that contains a non-archimedean group is the class of all $\mathbb{Z}\vec \times G$, for all abelian lattice-ordered groups G.
On α-regular archimedean f-rings
Authors: Hager Anthony , Martínez Jorge 
Published: May 2011

Abstract
For a commutative ring A with identity, and for infinite cardinals α as well as the symbol ∞, which indicates the situation in which there are no cardinal restrictions, one defines A to be α-regular if for each subset D of A, with |D| < α and de = 0, for any two distinct d, e ∈ D, there is an s ∈ A such that d
2
s = d, for each d ∈ D, and if xd = 0, for each d ∈ D, then xs = 0
This paper studies α-regular archimedean f-rings, relative to lateral α-completeness. The main result is that the operator l(α) that gives the lateral α-completion commutes with b, the reflection that closes an f-ring with respect to bounded inversion. An f-ring is α-regular if and only if it has bounded inversion and is laterally α-complete, and the operator that creates the α-regular hull is r(α) = b · l(α).
It is shown that the space mr(α)A of all maximal ℓ-ideals of r(α)A is the same as that of the α-projectable hull. Finally, r(α)A contains the ring of α-quotients, and necessary conditions are given for them to coincide.
Hull mappings and dimension effect algebras
Authors: Foulis David , Pulmannová Sylvia 
Published: May 2011

Abstract
An effect algebra (EA) is a partial algebraic structure, originally formulated as an algebraic base for unsharp quantum measurements. The class of EAs includes, as special cases, several partially ordered algebraic structures, including orthomodular lattices (OMLs) and orthomodular posets (OMPs), hitherto used as mathematical models for experimentally verifiable propositions pertaining to physical systems. Moreover, MV-algebras, which are mathematical models for many-valued logics, are special cases of EAs. The present paper studies generalizations to EAs of the hull mapping featured in L. Loomis’s dimension theory for complete OMLs and develops a theory of direct decomposition for EAs with a hull mapping. A. Sherstnev and V. Kalinin have extended Loomis’s dimension theory to orthocomplete OMPs, and here it is further extended to orthocomplete EAs; moreover, a corresponding direct decomposition into types I, II, and III is obtained using the hull mapping induced by the dimension equivalence relation.
Moose Alces alces habitat use at multiple temporal scales in a human‐altered landscape
Authors: Bj⊘rneraas Kari , Solberg Erling Johan , Herfindal Ivar , Moorter Bram Van , Rolandsen Christer Moe , Tremblay Jean‐Pierre , Skarpe Christina , Sæther Bernt‐Erik , Eriksen Rune , Astrup Rasmus 
Published: May 2011

AbstractHabitat alteration by humans may change the supply of food and cover for wild ungulates, but few studies have examined how these resources are utilised over time by individuals of different sex and reproductive status. We examined circadian and seasonal variation in habitat utilisation within a moose Alces alces population in central Norway. Our study area covers forests and open habitats, both influenced by human alterations (e.g. forestry and agriculture). We expected moose to select habitats with good forage and cover in all seasons, but to select open foraging habitats mainly during night‐time. Moose selected good foraging habitats, such as young forest stands and cultivated land during night, whereas the utilisation of older forest stands providing cover increased during daytime. This circadian pattern changed throughout the year, seemingly related to variation in hours of daylight and provision of forage. Young forest stands provided higher density of preferred food plants compared to older stands and were highly selected from spring until autumn. Relative to young forest, the selection for older forest stands increased towards winter, likely due to provision of higher plant quality late in the growing season, and to reduced accumulation of movement‐impeding snow during winter. Selection of cultivated land varied among seasons, being highest when crop biomass was high. We also found some indications of state‐dependent habitat selection as reproducing females avoided open, food rich areas in the first months after their calves were born, whereas males and females without young selected these areas in spring and summer. Our results clearly show that moose exploit the variations in cover and food caused by forestry and agriculture. This is particularly relevant for moose in Norway as current changes in forestry practice lead to a reduction in young, food‐rich forest stands, possibly aggravating the already declining body conditions and recruitment rates of moose.
No Association Between Markers of Inflammation and Osteoarthritis of the Hands and Knees
Authors: VLAD STEVEN C. , NEOGI TUHINA , ALIABADI PIRAN , FONTES JOÃO D.T. , FELSON DAVID T. 
Published: May 2011

Objective.Local inflammation plays a prominent role in osteoarthritis (OA). This could be reflected in the presence of elevated soluble inflammatory markers. We conducted analyses to assess the association of inflammatory markers with radiographic OA of the hands and knees in a large community-based cohort.Methods.The Framingham Offspring cohort consists of the adult children of the original cohort and their spouses. In 1998–2001 these subjects provided blood specimens that were tested for 17 markers of systemic inflammation. In 2002–2005 these subjects had radiographs of both knees and hands. Each hand and knee joint was assigned a Kellgren and Lawrence (KL) score (0–4). We used logistic regression with generalized estimating equations and adjustment for age, sex, and body mass index to examine the association between each inflammatory marker and the presence of radiographic OA (ROA = KL grade ≥ 2) in any joint. We also constructed models for hand joints and knee joints alone.Results.Radiographs and measures of inflammation were done for 1235 subjects (56% women, mean age 65 yrs). Of that group, 729 subjects (59%) had ROA in ≥ 1 hand or knee joint: 179 (14.3%) had knee OA, and 694 (56.2%) had hand OA. There were no significant associations between any marker of inflammation and ROA.Conclusion.In this large sample, in which OA was carefully assessed and multiple markers measured, we found no evidence of an association between any inflammatory marker and the presence of radiographic OA.
Cartilage Oligomeric Matrix Protein Associates Differentially with Erosions and Synovitis and Has a Different Temporal Course in Cyclic Citrullinated Peptide Antibody (Anti-CCP)-positive versus Anti-CCP-negative Early Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: CHRISTENSEN ANNE F. , LINDEGAARD HANNE , HØRSLEV-PETERSEN KIM , HETLAND MERETE L. , EJBJERG BO , STENGAARD-PEDERSEN KRISTIAN , JACOBSEN SØREN , LOTTENBURGER TINE , ELLINGSEN TORKELL , ANDERSEN LIS S. , HANSEN IB , SKJØDT HENRIK , PEDERSEN JENS K. , LAURIDSEN ULRIK B. , SVENDSEN ANDERS , TARP ULRIK , PØDENPHANT JAN , ØSTERGAARD MIKKEL , JUNKER PETER 
Published: May 2011

Objective.Cyclic citrullinated peptide antibody (anti-CCP)-positive and anti-CCP-negative rheumatoid arthritis (RA) have been suggested as 2 distinctive disease subsets with respect to disease activity and prognosis. Previously, we proposed that anti-CCP antibodies might have a chondrocyte-suppressive effect. We aimed to compare circulating cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP), a marker of cartilage turnover, in untreated anti-CCP-positive and anti-CCP-negative RA, and to study the temporal pattern of COMP through 4 years of treatment, including the relationship to imaging and clinical findings.Methods.A total of 160 patients with newly diagnosed RA who were naive to disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs were included in the CIMESTRA trial. Ninety healthy blood donors served as controls. Demographic and disease measures including Disease Activity Score in 28 joints, IgM rheumatoid factor, anti-CCP, Health Assessment Questionnaire, visual analog scale scores for pain and global and physician assessment, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the nondominant hand were recorded at baseline. COMP in serum was measured by ELISA at inclusion and serially through 4 years.Results.Median baseline COMP was higher in patients with RA [9.8 U/l (interquartile range 8.96, 10.5)] compared with controls [8.3 U/l (IQR 7.84, 8.9); p < 0.001] and remained elevated at 4 years [10.8 U/l (IQR 10.2, 11.7); p < 0.001]. At baseline, anti-CCP-positive patients had lower COMP than anti-CCP-negative patients (p = 0.048). In anti-CCP-positive patients, COMP exhibited a parabolic course over 4 years, while COMP in anti-CCP-negative patients had an almost linear course. In anti-CCP-positive patients, COMP was associated with MRI edema and erosion score, while COMP was correlated with synovitis score in anti-CCP-negative individuals.Conclusion.Our study provides additional evidence for the existence of different disease pathways in anti-CCP-positive and anti-CCP-negative subsets of RA, and evidence that anti-CCP antibodies may be implicated in the disease process by modifying cartilage metabolism.
Pouvoir et vouloir se former. Analyse d'une étape décisive dans le processus de reconversion des sportifs de haut niveau en France à travers l'étude comparée de l'escrime et du tennis de table
Authors: Javerlhiac Sophie , Bodin Dominique , Huet Armel , Robène Luc 
Published: May 2011

Résumé Loin des clichés du sport de haut niveau favorisant l’ascension sociale la reconversion des sportifs de haut niveau, non professionnels s’avère problématique. C’est à l’entrée en formation, période transitoire qui constitue la première étape de la reconversion que s’intéresse cet article. La comparaison du vécu des sportifs de haut niveau de deux sports, l’escrime et le tennis de table montre que les différences sont tout à la fois culturelles, liées aux contraintes propres au haut niveau mais également aux effets anesthésiants et euphorisants que peut jouer le groupe d’appartenance en matière de valorisation du seul projet sportif. La culture fédérale et l’influence des « anciens » jouent un rôle prépondérant dans le choix d’organiser très tôt sa reconversion ou non. Si, a priori , tout semble possible la conduite du double projet se discute finalement entre vouloir et pouvoir.
Les télécoms pour tous : la DGT architecte en innovation
Authors: Carpenter Marie 
Published: May 2011

Résumé En prenant appui sur le dépouillement des archives présidentielles et sur celui des fonds privés des principaux décideurs de l’époque, il est possible depuis peu d’analyser désormais avec précision trois dossiers clés du rattrapage téléphonique de la France : le financement de l’investissement nécessaire, le contrôle stratégique des moyens d’innovation et l’intégration organisationnelle des acteurs concernés. Grâce à l’examen détaillé des deux derniers aspects, cette analyse met en évidence les arbitrages qui ont dû être rendus pour réconcilier la volonté de rattrapage avec celle de doter la France d’une industrie compétitive des télécommunications. La réorganisation interne de la Direction Générale des Télécommunications (DGT) et le remaniement du paysage industriel français ont eu des conséquences majeures et durables sur les capacités d’innovation dans le domaine des télécommunications en France. Les détails des décisions prises, la manière dont elles ont été motivées et leur impact en termes d’innovation peuvent éclairer les décisions qu’ont à prendre les pouvoirs publics pour assurer la présence d’acteurs nationaux dans les technologies de la communication du futur.
Faire politique latéralement
Authors: Le Strat Pascal-Nicolas 
Published: May 2011

Résumé Cet article s’appuie sur l’hypothèse qu’il est possible de « faire politique » (faire politique culturelle, faire politique sociale ou faire politique urbaine) par le bas, latéralement, à partir d’un maillage d’expériences et d’expérimentations. Dans ce cadre, le « récit » fonctionne comme un intercesseur ; il est susceptible de s’intercaler entre les expériences et de permettre le passage de l’une à l’autre. Cette « fabrique politique » n’opère pas sur le mode d’une montée en généralité des situations singulières, mais plutôt sur le mode de leur expansion transversale, par l’intermédiaire de leur mise en récit (politique).
Le coaching d'organisation
Authors: Gilbert Patrick , Lancestre Antoine 
Published: May 2011

Résumé Dans le conseil en management, l’intervention s’applique à des contextes très différents, concourt à des finalités diverses, porte sur des thèmes variés et emprunte à plusieurs disciplines (psychologie sociale, sociologie, sciences de gestion). En réponse à cette diversité, les orientations qui traversent ce champ sont donc multiples. Nous commencerons par en rendre compte, en proposant une typologie des formes du conseil. Puis, nous centrant sur un type de conseil qui vise la conduite et la facilitation d’évolutions, le « coaching d’organisation », nous exposerons les principes qui lui sont liées dans une perspective systémique. Pour illustrer notre propos, nous poursuivrons en nous appuyant sur une étude de cas. Nous conclurons en mettant en évidence les apports, mais aussi les interrogations suscitées par la mise en œuvre du coaching d’organisation.
A comparison of airborne electromagnetic data with ground resistivity data over the Midwest deposit in the Athabasca basin
Authors: Smith Richard S. , Koch Rodney , Hodges Greg , Lemieux Jean 
Published: May 2011

ABSTRACTThe Midwest deposit in the Athabasca basin of Saskatchewan, Canada, lies 200 m below an arm of South McMahon Lake. The rocks between the lake and the deposit are sediments of the Athabasca group while the deposit is hosted by graphitic gneisses or metapelites in the basement. Geological logs of holes drilled by AREVA indicate that the Athabasca sediments are strongly altered. In the Athabasca basin, alteration in combination with conductive graphitic zones in the basement is a strong indicator of the presence of economic amounts of uranium. The purpose of the airborne surveys is to determine whether airborne methods can detect the alteration and the graphitic conductor.The airborne methods tested are broad‐band fixed‐wing time‐domain electromagnetic (FTEM) systems (TEMPEST and GEOTEM) and helicopter frequency‐domain electromagnetic (HFEM) systems (RESOLVE). All the lakes in the area, particularly the one above the deposit, are mapped as conductive near‐surface features with a high resolution HFEM system. On a resistivity section, the HFEM can delineate the bottoms of the conductive lakes quite well. The fixed‐wing FTEM sections are unable to resolve sharp changes in near‐surface resistivity; however, they clearly map the steeply dipping basement conductor and they also see another flat‐lying conductor close to the basement/basin unconformity (perhaps a conductive paleoregolith or other conductive basement lithologies).Comparison of ground and airborne resistivity maps indicates there are some similar features but also some important differences. At intermediate depths, where an alteration response is expected, the ground resistivity data indicate two relatively conductive zones, one at Midwest and smaller zones to the north, including one at the Mae zone (a smaller deposit north of Midwest). Resistivity sections derived from the airborne electromagnetic data do not always show these features clearly. The HFEM sections tend to show the lakes and possibly the alteration, while the FTEM results show the lakes, the bedrock conductor and the conjectured paleoregolith. There is a hint of the alteration at Midwest and Mae on the FTEM on‐time data but this might also be a response associated with the lakes. Modelling shows that the alteration response at Midwest is subtle and unlikely to be detected: at early time the response is dominated by the overlying lake sediments, at late time by the basement conductor. The modelling suggests that alteration could be detected at delay times less than 0.2 or 0.3 ms but only if there is no near‐surface conductive feature like overburden, lake sediments, etc.
Systemic Inflammation Modulates Fc Receptor Expression on Microglia during Chronic Neurodegeneration
Authors: Lunnon Katie , Teeling Jessica L. , Tutt Alison L. , Cragg Mark S. , Glennie Martin J. , Perry V. Hugh 
Published: May 2011

Abstract
Chronic neurodegeneration is a major worldwide health problem, and it has been suggested that systemic inflammation can accelerate the onset and progression of clinical symptoms. A possible explanation is that systemic inflammation “switches” the phenotype of microglia from a relatively benign to a highly aggressive and tissue-damaging phenotype. The current study investigated the molecular mechanism underlying this microglia phenotype “switching.” We show in mice with chronic neurodegeneration (ME7 prion model) that there is increased expression of receptors that have a key role in macrophage activation and associated signaling pathways, including TREM-2, Siglec-F, CD200R, and FcγRs. Systemic inflammation induced by LPS further increased protein levels of the activating FcγRIII and FcγRIV, but not of other microglial receptors, including the inhibitory FcγRII. In addition to these changes in receptor expression, IgG levels in the brain parenchyma were increased during chronic neurodegeneration, and these IgG levels further increased after systemic inflammation. γ-Chain–deficient mice show modified proinflammatory cytokine expression in the brain after systemic inflammation. We conclude that systemic inflammation during chronic neurodegeneration increases the expression levels of activating FcγR on microglia and thereby lowers the signaling threshold for Ab-mediated cell activation. At the same time, IgG influx into the brain could provide a cross-linking ligand resulting in excessive microglia activation that is detrimental to neurons already under threat by misfolded protein.
Involvement of Twisted Gastrulation in T Cell-Independent Plasma Cell Production
Authors: Tsalavos Sotiris , Segklia Katerina , Passa Ourania , Petryk Anna , O’Connor Michael B. , Graf Daniel 
Published: May 2011

Abstract
Bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling is increasingly implicated in immune cell differentiation and function; however, direct in vivo evidence for such a role is still missing. In this article, we report that Twisted gastrulation (TWSG1), an extracellular regulator of BMP signaling, is expressed in activated B cells and regulates T-independent B cell responses in the mouse. Twsg1-deficient B cells mount stronger T-independent type 2 responses reflected as increased IgM levels and numbers of Ag-specific IgM-secreting cells. BCR stimulation of Twsg1-deficient B cells results in hyperproliferation, hyperresponsiveness, and decreased apoptosis, whereas TLR stimulation results in hyperproliferation and increased IgG3 production. These changes are reflected on the molecular level by increased transcription of Bcl-6, Pax5, and the BMP-responsive gene Id-2. The TWSG1 effects on B cells appear to be cell intrinsic, suggesting that Twsg1 expression in B cells serves to interpret BMP signals on a per-cell basis. In summary, our observations on the role of TWSG1 in B cell function is opening new paths toward the exploration of the role of BMP signaling in immunological processes.
LIGHT Regulates Inflamed Draining Lymph Node Hypertrophy
Authors: Zhu Mingzhao , Yang Yajun , Wang Yugang , Wang Zhongnan , Fu Yang-Xin 
Published: May 2011

Abstract
Lymph node (LN) hypertrophy, the increased cellularity of LNs, is the major indication of the initiation and expansion of the immune response against infection, vaccination, cancer, or autoimmunity. The mechanisms underlying LN hypertrophy remain poorly defined. In this article, we demonstrate that LIGHT (homologous to lymphotoxins, exhibits inducible expression, and competes with HSV glycoprotein D for HVEM, a receptor expressed by lymphocytes) (TNFSF14) is a novel factor essential for LN hypertrophy after CFA immunization. Mechanistically, LIGHT is required for the influx of lymphocytes into but not egress out of LNs. In addition, LIGHT is required for dendritic cell migration from the skin to draining LNs. Compared with wild type mice, LIGHT−/− mice express lower levels of chemokines in skin and addressins in LN vascular endothelial cells after CFA immunization. We unexpectedly observed that LIGHT from radioresistant rather than radiosensitive cells, likely Langerhans cells, is required for LN hypertrophy. Importantly, Ag-specific T cell responses were impaired in draining LNs of LIGHT−/− mice, suggesting the importance of LIGHT regulation of LN hypertrophy in the generation of an adaptive immune response. Collectively, our data reveal a novel cellular and molecular mechanism for the regulation of LN hypertrophy and its potential impact on the generation of an optimal adaptive immune response.
B Lymphocyte Commitment Program Is Driven by the Proto-Oncogene c-myc
Authors: Vallespinós Mireia , Fernández David , Rodríguez Lorena , Alvaro-Blanco Josué , Baena Esther , Ortiz Maitane , Dukovska Daniela , Martínez Dolores , Rojas Ana , Campanero Miguel R. , Moreno de Alborán Ignacio 
Published: May 2011

Abstract
c-Myc, a member of the Myc family of transcription factors, is involved in numerous biological functions including the regulation of cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis in various cell types. Of all of its functions, the role of c-Myc in cell differentiation is one of the least understood. We addressed the role of c-Myc in B lymphocyte differentiation. We found that c-Myc is essential from early stages of B lymphocyte differentiation in vivo and regulates this process by providing B cell identity via direct transcriptional regulation of the ebf-1 gene. Our data show that c-Myc influences early B lymphocyte differentiation by promoting activation of B cell identity genes, thus linking this transcription factor to the EBF-1/Pax-5 pathway.