bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Abstract 5057: HuGAL-F2, a humanized monoclonal antibody to Fibroblast Growth Factor 2, effectively inhibits the growth of hepatocellular carcinoma xenografts
Authors: Wang Lihong , Hangil Park , Chhim Sophea , Ding Yi , Kim Jin 
Published: June 2012

Abstract
FGF2 (also known as basic FGF; bFGF) is a potent mitogenic and angiogenic growth factor believed to play a role in various tumors, especially hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In this study, we explored the therapeutic potential of the HuGAL-F2 humanized monoclonal antibody (mAb) derived from our neutralizing anti-FGF2 mAb, GAL-F2.
The GAL-F2 mAb was previously shown to recognize a unique epitope on human FGF2 in a competitive binding assay with various other anti-FGF2 mAbs. By testing several FGF2-FGF1 chimeric proteins followed by alanine scanning mutagenesis of FGF2, we demonstrated that FGF2 residues F40 and M151 are critical for GAL-F2 binding and that residues R31, Y33, K55 and S152 are also part of the epitope. Using well-established humanization techniques, GAL-F2 was humanized to create HuGAL-F2, which binds FGF2 with at least as high affinity as GAL-F2. HuGAL-F2 also had similar activity to GAL-F2 in various bioassays such as inhibition of FGF2-induced proliferation of Mv 1 Lu epithelial cells and HUVEC cells.
Hepatomas are characterized by neovascularization, and angiogenesis plays a key role in their growth. Thus, we determined the levels of two angiogenic factors, FGF2 and VEGF, secreted from several HCC cell lines (HEP-G2, HLE, HLF, SK-HEP-1, and SMMC-7721) using ELISA. All these cell lines secreted significant levels of FGF2 and VEGF. To demonstrate that FGF2 indeed plays an important role in HCC tumor growth and to investigate the therapeutic potential of HuGAL-F2, we tested the efficacy of HuGAL-F2 in xenograft tumor models of the HCC lines, SMMC-7721 and HEP-G2. HuGAL-F2, administered i.p. at 5 mg/kg twice per week, significantly inhibited the growth of established xenografts of both these cell lines. Moreover, in the HEP-G2 model, GAL-F2 and HuGAL-F2 were equally effective as sorafenib (Nexavar) and the A4.6.1 anti-VEGF mouse precursor mAb of bevacizumab (Avastin) and had strong additive activity with each of these agents. We conclude that FGF2 is a promising molecular target, and that HuGAL-F2 is a viable clinical candidate for the treatment of HCC and possibly other cancers.
Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5057. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-5057
Abstract 5217: MMP9 is a prognostic biomarker for metastatic colorectal cancer
Authors: Goos Jeroen A.C.M , Fijneman Remond J.A. , Geldof Albert A. , Group DeCoDe PET , Meijer Gerrit A. , Hoekstra Otto S. 
Published: June 2012

Abstract
Background: Worldwide almost 700000 patients are diagnosed with colorectal cancer (CRC) each year. Of these patients more than 45% die as a consequence of metastases, of which the majority is located in the liver. Although patient selection for hepatectomy by 18FDG PET has significantly reduced futile surgery (Ruers, J Nucl Med 2009), 70% of all operated patients still die of metastases within 5 years after hepatic resection. To improve prediction of patient outcome, novel PET tracers with better prognostic value are needed. Matrix metalloproteinases, frequently associated with reduced survival in several types of cancer, might serve as prognostic biomarkers that can be used in PET imaging.
Aim: To investigate the prognostic value of MMP9 expression in colon cancer liver metastases.
Methods: Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded colon cancer liver metastases, collected from 85 patients having had curative hepatectomy between 1990 and 2009, were incorporated into tissue microarrays (TMAs). MMP9 expression in both epithelial and stromal cells was assessed by immunohistochemistry and expression was correlated to patient survival data. Survival analysis was performed using a log rank test.
Results: Mean age of the colon cancer patients (62.1% males, 37.9% females) was 62.0 (standard deviation 10.5). Chemotherapy was received by 45.9% (15.3% neoadjuvant, 14.1% adjuvant, 16.5% palliative) and radiofrequency ablation (RFA) was performed in 10.8%. Median overall survival was 35.0 months (standard deviation 5.7). High expression of MMP9 by epithelial colon cancer cells within the liver metastases was associated with increased survival rates (p=0.007 for disease-free survival and p=0.056 for overall survival). MMP9 expression in stromal cells was not associated with patient survival.
Discussion and conclusion: Our results suggest that elevated levels of MMP9 in metastatic epithelial colon cancer cells are indicative of a good prognosis. Whether MMP9 qualifies as a target with prognostic relevance for imaging of lesions in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer remains to be determined. This research was supported by the Center for Translational Molecular Medicine (DeCoDe project).
Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5217. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-5217
Abstract 5381: A novel strategy to eliminate chemoresistant colon cancer cells
Authors: Kanwar Shailender S. , Yu Yingjie , Nautiyal Jyoti , Patel Bhaumik B. , Padhye Subhash , Sarkar Fazlul H. , Majumdar Adhip P.N. 
Published: June 2012

Abstract
Recurrence of colon cancer, which affects nearly 50% of patients treated by conventional therapeutics, is thought to be due to re-emergence of chemotherapy-resistant cancer stem/stem-like cells (CSCs) Therefore, development of therapeutic strategies for targeted elimination of CSCs would be a novel treatment strategy for colon cancer. The current study examines whether diflourinated-curcumin (CDF), a novel analog of the dietary ingredient of curcumin, in combination with 5-fluorouracil and oxaliplatin (5-FU+Ox), the mainstay of colon cancer chemotherapeutic, would be an effective strategy to eliminate colon CSCs. Multiple molecular techniques that include real-time RT-PCR, Western blot analysis, MTT assay, caspase-3 activity, colonosphere formation in stem cell media, Hoechst-33342 dye exclusion and NF-κB-ELISA, were used. We observed that CDF together with 5-FU+Ox to be more potent than curcumin in reducing CD44 and CD166 expression. This was accompanied by inhibition of cell growth, induction of apoptosis and disintegration of colonospheres. These changes were associated with down-regulation of the membrane transporter protein ABCG2, and attenuation of EGFR, IGF-1R, and NF-κB signaling consistent with inactivation of β-catenin, COX-2, c-Myc and Bcl-xL and activation of the pro-apoptotic Bax. Our results suggest that CDF together with the conventional chemotherapeutics could be an effective treatment strategy for preventing the emergence of chemo-resistant colon cancer cells by eliminating CSCs.
Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5381. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-5381
Interleukin-10 Treatment Attenuates Pressure Overload–Induced Hypertrophic Remodeling and Improves Heart Function via Signal Transducers and Activators of Transcription 3–Dependent Inhibition of Nuclear Factor-κB
Authors: Verma Suresh Kumar , Krishnamurthy Prasanna , Barefield David , Singh Neha , Gupta Rajesh , Lambers Erin , Thal Melissa , Mackie Alexander , Hoxha Eneda , Ramirez Veronica , Qin Gangjian , Sadayappan Sakthivel , Ghosh Asish K. , Kishore Raj 
Published: June 2012

Background—
Inflammation plays a critical role in adverse cardiac remodeling and heart failure. Therefore, approaches geared toward inhibiting inflammation may provide therapeutic benefits. We tested the hypotheses that genetic deletion of interleukin-10 (IL-10), a potent antiinflammatory cytokine, exacerbates pressure overload–induced adverse cardiac remodeling and hypertrophy and that IL-10 therapy inhibits this pathology.

Methods and Results—
Cardiac hypertrophy was induced in wild-type and IL-10 knockout mice by isoproterenol (ISO) infusion. ISO-induced left ventricular dysfunction and hypertrophic remodeling, including fibrosis and fetal gene expression, were further exaggerated in knockout mice compared with wild-type mice. Systemic recombinant mouse IL-10 administration markedly improved left ventricular function and not only inhibited but also reversed ISO-induced cardiac remodeling. Intriguingly, a very similar cardioprotective response of IL-10 was found in transverse aortic constriction–induced hypertrophy and heart failure models. In neonatal rat ventricular myocytes and H9c2 myoblasts, ISO activated nuclear factor-κB and inhibited signal transducers and activators of transcription 3 (STAT3) phosphorylation. Interestingly, IL-10 suppressed ISO-induced nuclear factor-κB activation and attenuated STAT3 inhibition. Moreover, pharmacological and genetic inhibition of STAT3 reversed the protective effects of IL-10, whereas ectopic expression of constitutively active STAT3 mimicked the IL-10 responses on the ISO effects, confirming that the IL-10–mediated inhibition of nuclear factor-κB is STAT3 dependent.

Conclusion—
Taken together, our results suggest IL-10 treatment as a potential therapeutic approach to limit the progression of pressure overload–induced adverse cardiac remodeling.
The Formation Mechanism of a Spring Sea Fog Event over the Yellow Sea Associated with a Low-Level Jet
Authors: Li Pengyuan , Fu Gang , Lu Chungu , Fu Dan , Wang Shuai 
Published: June 2012

Abstract
In this paper, a dense sea fog event that occurred over the Yellow Sea (YS) on 9 March 2005 is investigated using the Weather Research and Forecasting Model version 3.1.1 (WRF v3.1.1). It is shown that the WRF can reasonably reproduce the main features of this fog case with a newly implemented planetary boundary layer (PBL) scheme developed by Mellor–Yamada–Nakanishi–Niino (MYNN). The low-level jet (LLJ) associated with this fog episode played an important role in triggering the turbulence. During the fog formation, sea fog extended vertically with the aid of turbulence. The mechanical production term resulting from wind shear contributed to the generation of the turbulence. WRF simulation results showed that the fog layer was thicker in the northeastern part of the YS than that in the southwestern part due to the intensity of the inversion layer and the LLJ. The topography test in which the mountain region in Fujian Province was removed showed that the roles of topography were to prevent the moisture from extending to land, to intensify the inversion layer, and to enhance the intensity of LLJ, as well as to elevate its altitude.
Thermal and water vapor resistance of the elastic and conventional cotton fabrics
Authors: Gorjanc Dunja Šajn , Dimitrovski Krste , Bizjak Mateja 
Published: June 2012

The research focuses on the influence of elastane (Spandex) incorporation in the weft direction of cotton fabrics, and the structural properties (fabric density, type of weave) on the thermal and water vapor resistance level. For that purpose, woven fabrics, in plain and twill weave with two different densities (17 and 20 yarns/cm) in the weft direction, were made from 100% cotton (conventional) and from a mixture cotton/elastane in the ratio 93.8%/6.2% (elastic fabric) intended for men’s shirts for the summer season. Thermal and water vapor resistance were determined with two novel methods, which were compared with the well-known Permetest method. The thermal resistance was calculated according to the thermal conductivity method which was established by the faculty research laboratory and with the Permetest, while the water vapor resistance was measured with the water cup method (developed by Professor D. Jaksic) and with the Permetest. The research results indicate that cotton fabrics in twill weave with elastane in the weft direction have higher thermal and water vapor resistance compared to conventional cotton fabrics. The reason lies in the higher yarn density of fabrics with elastane in the weft direction in twill weave (from 24 to 29–31 yarns/cm in the warp direction) compared to the plain weave (from 24 to 28 yarns/cm in the warp direction).
Feline Idiopathic Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Authors: Jergens Albert E 
Published: June 2012

Practical relevance: Feline idiopathic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) denotes one form of chronic enteropathy that is immunologically mediated and characterized by persistent or recurrent gastrointestinal (GI) signs and histologic inflammation. Signs of vomiting, diarrhea and weight loss generally predominate, and mucosal inflammation may occur in any portion of the GI tract (especially the small intestine). Affected cats may also have concurrent inflammation in other organs, such as the pancreas and liver, which may impact clinical disease severity. Clinical challenges: The exact etiologies of this heterogeneous group of disorders have yet to be determined, though results from basic science and clinical studies suggest that interplay between genetic factors and enteric bacteria is crucial for disease development. The diagnosis is one of exclusion and requires intestinal mucosal biopsy to characterize the type and severity of the inflammatory infiltrate, and to differentiate IBD from other disorders, including alimentary lymphoma. Controversy exists concerning the relative diagnostic accuracy of endoscopic versus full-thickness specimens for the diagnosis of IBD and its differentiation from alimentary lymphoma. Audience: This article is intended to provide veterinary practitioners with a comprehensive clinical update on idiopathic IBD in cats. It reviews the current evidence-based data, the diagnostic approach, the evolving histologic criteria, and treatment options and outcome for feline patients with this syndrome.
Calcaneal Osteomyelitis Following Steroid Injection for Plantar Fasciitis
Authors: Wronka Konrad Sebastian , Sinha Amit 
Published: June 2012

This study reports a case of a 57-year-old woman diabetic patient who presented to the authors’ institution with signs and symptoms typical of plantar fasciitis. Her condition did not resolve with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug therapy, podiatry, and physiotherapy input and she was given a steroid injection for treatment of plantar fasciitis. She was admitted to the hospital 17 days following injection with signs of acute infection. Diagnostic workup revealed an acute calcaneal osteomyelitis. Infection did not respond to conservative treatment and the patient required a partial calcanectomy. This case highlights the significant risk of steroid injection in plantar fasciitis, especially in diabetic patient. The authors urge surgeons to consider this when obtaining consent for injection and they advise very close follow-up of such patients. Levels of Evidence: Therapeutic, Level IV
CD86+ or HLA-G+ can be transferred via trogocytosis from myeloma cells to T cells and are associated with poor prognosis
Authors: Brown Ross , Kabani Karieshma , Favaloro James , Yang Shihong , Ho P. Joy , Gibson John , Fromm Phillip , Suen Hayley , Woodland Narelle , Nassif Najah , Hart Derek , Joshua Douglas 
Published: June 2012

AbstractThe transfer of membrane proteins between cells during contact, known as trogocytosis, can create novel cells with a unique phenotype and altered function. We demonstrate that trogocytosis is more common in multiple myeloma (MM) than chronic lymphocytic leukemia and Waldenstrom macroglobulinaemia; that T cells are more probable to be recipients than B or natural killer cells; that trogocytosis occurs independently of either the T-cell receptor or HLA compatibility; and that after trogocytosis, T cells with acquired antigens can become novel regulators of T-cell proliferation. We screened 168 patients with MM and found that CD86 and human leukocyte antigen G (HLA-G) were antigens commonly acquired by T cells from malignant plasma cells. CD3+CD86acq+ and CD3+ HLA-Gacq+ cells were more prevalent in bone marrow than peripheral blood samples. The presence of either CD86 or HLA-G on malignant plasma cells was associated with a poor prognosis. CD38++ side population cells expressed HLA-G, suggesting that these putative myeloma stem cells could generate immune tolerance. HLA-G+ T cells had a regulatory potency similar to natural Tregs, thus providing another novel mechanism for MM to avoid effective immune surveillance.
Mapping of angular leaf spot resistance QTL in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) under different environments
Authors: Oblessuc Paula Rodrigues , Baroni Renata Moro , Garcia Antonio Augusto Franco , Chioratto Alisson Fernando , Carbonell Sérgio Augusto Morais , Camargo Luis Eduardo Aranha , Benchimol Luciana Lasry 
Published: June 2012

Abstract

Background
Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is the most important grain legume for human diet worldwide and the angular leaf spot (ALS) is one of the most devastating diseases of this crop, leading to yield losses as high as 80%. In an attempt to breed resistant cultivars, it is important to first understand the inheritance mode of resistance and to develop tools that could be used in assisted breeding. Therefore, the aim of this study was to identify quantitative trait loci (QTL) controlling resistance to ALS under natural infection conditions in the field and under inoculated conditions in the greenhouse.

Results
QTL analyses were made using phenotypic data from 346 recombinant inbreed lines from the IAC-UNA x CAL 143 cross, gathered in three experiments, two of which were conducted in the field in different seasons and one in the greenhouse. Joint composite interval mapping analysis of QTL x environment interaction was performed. In all, seven QTLs were mapped on five linkage groups. Most of them, with the exception of two, were significant in all experiments. Among these, ALS10.1DG,UC presented major effects (R2 between 16% - 22%). This QTL was found linked to the GATS11b marker of linkage group B10, which was consistently amplified across a set of common bean lines and was associated with the resistance. Four new QTLs were identified. Between them the ALS5.2 showed an important effect (9.4%) under inoculated conditions in the greenhouse. ALS4.2 was another major QTL, under natural infection in the field, explaining 10.8% of the variability for resistance reaction. The other QTLs showed minor effects on resistance.

Conclusions
The results indicated a quantitative inheritance pattern of ALS resistance in the common bean line CAL 143. QTL x environment interactions were observed. Moreover, the major QTL identified on linkage group B10 could be important for bean breeding, as it was stable in all the environments. Thereby, the GATS11b marker is a potential tool for marker assisted selection for ALS resistance.
Profiling of gene duplication patterns of sequenced teleost genomes: evidence for rapid lineage-specific genome expansion mediated by recent tandem duplications
Authors: Lu Jianguo , Peatman Eric , Tang Haibao , Lewis Joshua , Liu Zhanjiang 
Published: June 2012

Abstract

Background
Gene duplication has had a major impact on genome evolution. Localized (or tandem) duplication resulting from unequal crossing over and whole genome duplication are believed to be the two dominant mechanisms contributing to vertebrate genome evolution. While much scrutiny has been directed toward discerning patterns indicative of whole-genome duplication events in teleost species, less attention has been paid to the continuous nature of gene duplications and their impact on the size, gene content, functional diversity, and overall architecture of teleost genomes.

Results
Here, using a Markov clustering algorithm directed approach we catalogue and analyze patterns of gene duplication in the four model teleost species with chromosomal coordinates: zebrafish, medaka, stickleback, and Tetraodon. Our analyses based on set size, duplication type, synonymous substitution rate (Ks), and gene ontology emphasize shared and lineage-specific patterns of genome evolution via gene duplication. Most strikingly, our analyses highlight the extraordinary duplication and retention rate of recent duplicates in zebrafish and their likely role in the structural and functional expansion of the zebrafish genome. We find that the zebrafish genome is remarkable in its large number of duplicated genes, small duplicate set size, biased Ks distribution toward minimal mutational divergence, and proportion of tandem and intra-chromosomal duplicates when compared with the other teleost model genomes. The observed gene duplication patterns have played significant roles in shaping the architecture of teleost genomes and appear to have contributed to the recent functional diversification and divergence of important physiological processes in zebrafish.

Conclusions
We have analyzed gene duplication patterns and duplication types among the available teleost genomes and found that a large number of genes were tandemly and intrachromosomally duplicated, suggesting their origin of independent and continuous duplication. This is particularly true for the zebrafish genome. Further analysis of the duplicated gene sets indicated that a significant portion of duplicated genes in the zebrafish genome were of recent, lineage-specific duplication events. Most strikingly, a subset of duplicated genes is enriched among the recently duplicated genes involved in immune or sensory response pathways. Such findings demonstrated the significance of continuous gene duplication as well as that of whole genome duplication in the course of genome evolution.
Risk of tobacco-related multiple primary cancers in Bavaria, Germany
Authors: Braisch Ulrike , Meyer Martin , Radespiel-Tröger Martin 
Published: June 2012

Abstract

Background
With the prospect of increasing prevalence of cancer, the issue of multiple primary cancers becomes more relevant. The aim of this study was to estimate the risk of developing a tobacco-related subsequent primary cancer (TRSPC) in persons with a tobacco-related first primary cancer (TRFPC) compared with the general population in Bavaria, Germany.

Methods
Using data from the Population-Based Cancer Registry Bavaria, we analyzed TRFPC and TRSPC diagnosed in Bavaria between 2002 and 2008 to estimate the relative and absolute risk of developing TRSPC using standardized incidence ratios (SIR) and excess absolute risks (EAR).

Results
121,631 TRFPC in men and 75,886 respective cancers in women were registered, which in 2.5% of male and 1.2% of female cancer patients were followed by at least one TRSPC. In both males and females, the highest increased risks compared to the general population were found within the group of cancer in the mouth/pharynx, oesophagus, larynx, and lung/bronchus.

Conclusions
With respect to cancer in the mouth/pharynx, oesophagus, larynx, lung/bronchus, kidney, urinary bladder and urinary tract, smoking was confirmed as a shared risk factor based on our finding of mutually significantly increased risks of TRSPC. The results of this study illustrate the importance of smoking cessation and of continued follow-up care especially of smokers with the aforementioned TRFPC to detect TRSPC at an early stage.