bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Introduction to the Emerging Cognitive Science of Distributed Human‐Autonomy Teams
Authors: Myers Christopher W. , Cooke Nancy J. , Gorman Jamie C. , McNeese Nathan J. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractTeams are a fundamental aspect of life—from sports to business, to defense, to science, to education. While the cognitive sciences tend to focus on information processing within individuals, others have argued that teams are also capable of demonstrating cognitive capacities similar to humans, such as skill acquisition and forgetting (cf., Cooke, Gorman, Myers, & Duran, 2013; Fiore et al., 2010). As artificially intelligent and autonomous systems improve in their ability to learn, reason, interact, and coordinate with human teammates combined with the observation that teams can express cognitive capacities typically seen in individuals,a cognitive science of teams is emerging. Consequently, new questions are being asked about teams regarding teamness, trust, the introduction and effects of autonomous systems on teams, and how best to measure team behavior and phenomena. In this topic, four facets of human‐autonomy team cognition are introduced with leaders in the field providing in‐depth articles associated with one or more of the facets: (1)defining teams; (2)how trust is established, maintained, and repaired when broken; (3)autonomous systems operating as teammates; and (4)metrics for evaluating team cognition across communication, coordination, and performance.
One Health: Therapies Targeting Genetic Variants in Human and Canine Histiocytic and Dendritic Cell Sarcomas
Authors: Erich Suzanne Agnes , Teske Erik 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACTThe precise cause of HS/DCS is still unknown. The relatively low incidence in humans urges for an animal model with a high incidence to accelerate knowledge about genetics and optimal treatment of HS/DCS. Namely, until now, the therapies targeting genetic variants are still more experimental and sparsely used, while consensus is missing. In addition, the literature about variants and possible mutation‐targeted therapies in humans and dogs consists mainly of case reports scattered throughout the literature. Therefore, an overview is provided of all currently known genetic variants in humans and dogs with HS/DCS and its subtypes, their possible mutation‐targeted therapies, their efficacy, and a contemplation about the future. Several genetic variants have already been discovered in HS/DCS, of which many are shared between canine and human HS/DCS, but unique variants exist as well. Unfortunately, none of these already found variants seem to be specifically causal for HS/DCS, and the puzzle of its landscape of genetic variation is far from complete. The use of mutation‐targeted therapies, including MAPK‐/MEK‐inhibitors and the future use of PTPN11‐, CDK4/6‐ and PD‐1‐inhibitors, seems to be promising for these specific variants, but clearly, clinical trials are needed to determine optimal inhibitors and standardised protocols for all variants. It can be concluded that molecular analysis for variants and subsequent mutation‐targeted therapy are an essential addition to cancer diagnostics and therapy. A joint effort of humans and dogs in research is urgently needed and will undoubtedly increase knowledge and survival of this devastating disease in dogs and humans.
Wall crossing for K‐moduli spaces of plane curves
Authors: Ascher Kenneth , DeVleming Kristin , Liu Yuchen 
Published: June 2024

AbstractWe construct proper good moduli spaces parametrizing K‐polystable ‐Gorenstein smoothable log Fano pairs , where is a Fano variety and is a rational multiple of the anticanonical divisor. We then establish a wall‐crossing framework of these K‐moduli spaces as varies. The main application in this paper is the case of plane curves of degree as boundary divisors of . In this case, we show that when the coefficient is small, the K‐moduli space of these pairs is isomorphic to the GIT moduli space. We then show that the first wall crossing of these K‐moduli spaces are weighted blow‐ups of Kirwan type. We also describe all wall crossings for degree 4,5,6 and relate the final K‐moduli spaces to Hacking's compactification and the moduli of K3 surfaces.
The biology and pathogenicity of
Clostridium perfringens
type F: a common human enteropathogen with a new(ish) name
Authors: Shrestha Archana , Mehdizadeh Gohari Iman , Li Jihong , Navarro Mauricio , Uzal Francisco A. , McClane Bruce A. 
Published: June 2024

SUMMARY

In the 2018-revised
Clostridium perfringens
typing classification system, isolates carrying the enterotoxin (
cpe
) and alpha toxin genes but no other typing toxin genes are now designated as type F. Type F isolates cause food poisoning and nonfoodborne human gastrointestinal (GI) diseases, which most commonly involve type F isolates carrying, respectivefooly, a chromosomal or plasmid-borne
cpe
gene. Compared to spores of other
C. perfringens
isolates, spores of type F chromosomal
cpe
isolates often exhibit greater resistance to food environment stresses, likely facilitating their survival in improperly prepared or stored foods. Multiple factors contribute to this spore resistance phenotype, including the production of a variant small acid-soluble protein-4. The pathogenicity of type F isolates involves sporulation-dependent
C. perfringens
enterotoxin (CPE) production.
C. perfringens
sporulation is initiated by orphan histidine kinases and sporulation-associated sigma factors that drive
cpe
transcription. CPE-induced cytotoxicity starts when CPE binds to claudin receptors to form a small complex (which also includes nonreceptor claudins). Approximately six small complexes oligomerize on the host cell plasma membrane surface to form a prepore. CPE molecules in that prepore apparently extend β-hairpin loops to form a β-barrel pore, allowing a Ca
2+
influx that activates calpain. With low-dose CPE treatment, caspase-3-dependent apoptosis develops, while high-CPE dose treatment induces necroptosis. Those effects cause histologic damage along with fluid and electrolyte losses from the colon and small intestine. Sialidases likely contribute to type F disease by enhancing CPE action and, for NanI-producing nonfoodborne human GI disease isolates, increasing intestinal growth and colonization.
Tuina on knee pain and functional decline of lower limbs for patients with mild-to-moderate knee osteoarthritis in Shanghai: protocol for a multicentre, assessor-blinded, randomised controlled trial
Authors: Ma Jianwen , Guo Guangxin , Yue Hongyu , Xie Chaoqun , Xie Fangfang , Chen Ziying , Gu Yuanjia , Zhang Shuaipan , Fang Min , Yao Fei 
Published: June 2024

IntroductionKnee osteoarthritis (KOA) is one of the most common osteoarthritis, imposing substantial economic and medical burdens on both individuals and society. In China, Tuina has been selected as a complementary and alternative therapy to relieve knee pain and dysfunction symptoms. However, the current evidence is insufficient to support the efficacy of Tuina therapy in addressing knee pain and improving physical function. The trial aims to compare the effectiveness of Tuina with celecoxib, which is considered as the standard treatment, and to assess its potential as an alternative therapy through changes in outcome measures.Methods and analysisA total of 360 KOA patients aged between 40 and 70 years and classified as Kellgren and Lawrence grades I–II will be recruited from eight subcentral hospitals. The participants will be randomly assigned to either the treatment group (Tuina, Biw) or the control group (celecoxib, Qd), with both groups undergoing a 4-week intervention phase followed by an 8-week follow-up phase. The primary outcome is the change in Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) pain subscale at week 4 compared with baseline. Secondary outcomes including WOMAC stiffness and function subscales, WOMAC total score, 36-item Short-Form Health Survey, Timed Up and Go test, Short Physical Performance Battery, gait analysis parameters and pain medication records will be assessed at weeks 4, 8 and 12. Any adverse events that occur during the trial will be promptly recorded.Ethics and disseminationThis study has been approved by the Ethics Committee of Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine (2023SHL-KY-16-01, 2023SHL-KY-16-02). Written informed consent will be obtained from all participants. Study results will be disseminated through peer-reviewed journals and conference presentations.Trial registration numberChiCTR2300069416.
Global, regional and national time trends in incidence of adverse effects of medical treatment, 1990–2019: an age–period–cohort analysis from the Global Burden of Disease 2019 study
Authors: Lin Liangquan 
Published: June 2024

BackgroundCurrent adverse effects of medical treatment (AEMT) incidence estimates rely on limited record reviews and underreporting surveillance systems. This study evaluated global and national longitudinal patterns in AEMT incidence from 1990 to 2019 using the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) framework.MethodsAEMT was defined as harm resulting from a procedure, treatment or other contact with the healthcare system. The overall crude incidence rate, age-standardised incidence rate and their changes over time were analysed to evaluate temporal trends. Data were stratified by sociodemographic index (SDI) quintiles, age groups and sex to address heterogeneity across and within nations. An age–period–cohort model framework was used to differentiate the contributions of age, period and cohort effects on AEMT incidence changes. The model estimated overall and age-specific annual percentage changes in incidence rates.FindingsAlthough the global population increased 44.6% from 1990 to 2019, AEMT incidents rose faster by 59.3%. The net drift in the global incidence rate was 0.631% per year. The proportion of all cases accounted for by older adults and the incidence rate among older adults increased globally. The high SDI region had much higher and increasing incidence rates versus declining rates in lower SDI regions. The age effects showed that in the high SDI region, the incidence rate is higher among older adults. Globally, the period effect showed a rising incidence of risk after 2002. Lower SDI regions exhibited a significant increase in incidence risk after 2012. Globally, the cohort effect showed a continually increasing incidence risk across sequential birth cohorts from 1900 to 1950.ConclusionAs the global population ageing intensifies alongside the increasing quantity of healthcare services provided, measures need to be taken to address the continuously rising burden of AEMT among the older population.
Some Reflections on Two Significant Contributions of Ron Jones: Specificity of Factors and Non-traded Goods
Authors: Acharyya Rajat 
Published: June 2024

This article pays tribute to Professor Ronald W. Jones by reflecting upon how two significant, yet simple and elegant, analytical structures developed by him have been used by researchers to address a wide set of issues relevant for developed and developing countries alike and hold the potential to analyse some unexplored issues of relevance in the future. One is the specific-factor model, and the other is the composite-traded and non-traded model that came out of his Frank Graham Lecture in 1976. These two important competitive general equilibrium structures provide significant and relevant departures from the Ricardian and Heckscher–Ohlin–Samuelson models, highlighting the role of both factor scarcity and local demand. JEL Codes: F11, F13, F21
Recent Advances in the Development and Characterisation of Automotive Comfort Seating Foams*
Authors: Leenslag J.W. , Huygens E. , Tan A. 
Published: June 2024

The continuous pressure from the automotive industry for cost saving has resulted in greater demands for car seat weight reduction coupled with improved comfort. This has led to even more in-depth studies on the contribution of flexible polyurethane seating foams to ride comfort and durability. Advanced techniques - such as small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), dynamic creep, vibrational characterisation and finite element analysis (FEA) - have been used to characterise the foams. Seat effective amplitude transmissibility (S.E.A.T.) analysis of comfort seat cushions has made it possible to assess their vibrational performance. Ride comfort and durability of MDl-based cushions has been verified by accelerated field evaluation. As a result of this work, ICI Polyurethanes has developed a versatile, low density foam technology based on MDI which can be tailored to specific seat requirements, ensuring superior ride comfort and durability performance.
Impact of early versus delayed umbilical cord clamping on term neonates' haemoglobin levels: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Enyinna Kelechi P. , Eleje George U. , Odugu Boniface U. , Nevo Calistus O. , Ofor Ifeanyichukwu J. , Mbachu Ikechukwu I. , Eze Chukwuka C. , Okoh Darlington S. , Ikwuka David C. , Awkadigwe Fredrick I. , Okafor Chidinma C. , Malachy Divinefavour E. , Ortuanya Kelvin E. , Eze Hyacinth T. , Okoro Chukwuemeka C. , Okafor Chigozie G. 
Published: June 2024

Objective To compare the effects of early and delayed cord clamping on the haemoglobin levels of neonates delivered at term. Methods This randomized controlled trial enrolled pregnant women during the second stage of labour. They were randomized into either the early cord clamping (ECC) group or the delayed cord clamping (DCC) group in the ratio of 1:1. Following delivery of the baby, the umbilical cords of participants in the ECC group were clamped within 30 s of delivery of the neonate while those of participants in the DCC group were clamped after 2 min from the delivery of the neonate. The primary outcome measure was the effect of ECC and DCC on the haemoglobin levels of neonates delivered at term. Results A total of 270 pregnant women were enrolled in the study. Their baseline sociodemographic and clinical characteristics were similar in both groups. There was no significant difference in the mean haemoglobin level between ECC and DCC groups at birth. The mean haemoglobin level of the neonates at 48 h postpartum was significantly higher in the DCC group than the ECC group. Conclusion DCC at birth was associated with a significant increase in neonatal haemoglobin levels at 48 h postpartum when compared with ECC. Trial Registration: The trial was registered at Pan African Clinical Trial Registry with approval number PACTR202206735622089.
Musculoskeletal disorders and visual problems among surgical versus medical physicians: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Khorshed Enjy Ahmad Esmat , El-Shafei Dalia A , Zaitoun Mona Fathy , ElHewala Tarek , Awad Ahmed Mohamed Bahgat , Elshamy Raghda Ali 
Published: June 2024

The healthcare industry is one of the main industries with a high prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs). Surgical practice mostly involves repetitive tasks with fine motor control, precise motions, high levels of mental concentration, and close visual focus. This cross-sectional study aimed to define the prevalence and risk factors of MSDs and visual problems among physicians. One hundred surgical physicians and one hundred medical physicians were involved in the study. Both groups underwent assessment of socio-demographic and occupational history, alongside evaluation for musculoskeletal and visual problems. The study revealed a significantly higher prevalence of MSDs, particularly neck and back pain, as well as blurred near vision and eye dryness, among surgical physicians compared to medical physicians. Risk factors for these conditions included long working hours (≥30 h/week) in clinics or operating rooms, as well as using endoscopes and microscopes/loupes during surgery. In conclusion, MSDs and visual problems were prevalent among physicians, particularly surgical physicians. Integrating ergonomic principles across all domains of healthcare and promoting healthcare worker awareness through training and intervention programs are crucial steps in addressing these issues.
Assessment of Neonatal Mortality and Associated Hospital-Related Factors in Healthcare Facilities Within Sunyani and Sunyani West Municipal Assemblies in Bono Region, Ghana
Authors: Tawiah Kassim , Asosega Killian Asampana , Iddi Samuel , Opoku Alex Akwasi , Abdul Iddrisu Wahab , Ansah Richard Kwame , Bukari Francis Kwame , Okyere Eric , Adebanji Atinuke Olusola 
Published: June 2024

Objectives: Ghana’s quest to reduce neonatal mortality, in hospital facilities and communities, continues to be a nightmare. The pursuit of achieving healthy lives and well-being for neonates as enshrined in Sustainable Development Goal three lingered in challenging hospital facilities and communities. Notwithstanding that, there have been increasing efforts in that direction. This study examines the contributing factors that hinder the fight against neonatal mortality in all hospital facilities in the Sunyani and Sunyani West Municipal Assemblies in Bono Region, Ghana. Methods: The study utilized neonatal mortality data consisting of neonatal deaths, structural facility related variables, medical human resources, types of hospital facilities and natal care. The data was collected longitudinally from 2014 to 2019. These variables were analysed using the negative binomial hurdle regression (NBH) model to determine factors that contribute to this menace at the facility level. Cause-specific deaths were obtained to determine the leading causes of neonatal deaths within health facilities in the two municipal assemblies. Results: The study established that the leading causes of neonatal mortality in these districts are birth asphyxia (46%), premature birth (33%), neonatal sepsis (11%) and neonatal jaundice (7%). The NBH showed that neonatal mortality in hospital facilities depend on the number of incubators, monitoring equipment, hand washing facilities, CPAPb machines, radiant warmers, physiotherapy machines, midwives, paediatric doctors and paediatric nurses in the hospital facility. Conclusions: Early management of neonatal sepsis, birth asphyxia, premature birth and neonatal infections is required to reduce neonatal deaths. The government and all stakeholders in the health sector should provide all hospital facilities with the essential equipment and the medical human resources necessary to eradicate the menace. This will make the realization of Sustainable Development Goal three, which calls for healthy lives and well-being for all, a reality.
General Equilibrium Model for Monetary Policy Responses to Macroeconomic Instabilities in Developing Economy: A Ghanaian Perspective
Authors: Akosah Nana Kwame , Alagidede Imhotep Paul , Schaling Eric 
Published: June 2024

The study develops a standard New Keynesian model to examine how monetary authority reacts to both domestic and external shocks as well as how its policy decision impacts the general macroeconomy in developing African economy. Using Bayesian estimation techniques and a Ghanaian dataset, the article also seeks to determine the best-suited monetary policy rule for Ghana and countries with similar characteristics. The basic finding is that a forward-looking Taylor rule—where authority reacts to one-period-ahead inflation deviation from target alongside the current output gap—is the most appropriate monetary policy rule for Ghana. Another salient finding is that variations in output are mainly driven by price markup, labour supply, monetary policy and productivity shocks across the forecast horizons. In addition, the dominant determinants of inflation are exchange rate risk premium and price markup shocks. Collectively, the article also unveils that monetary policy responses to macroeconomic shocks are broadly in line with conventional economic theory. There is also conspicuous evidence that the general equilibrium model with representative consumers is practically suitable for monetary policy analysis in Ghana, as contractionary monetary policy impulse is able to contemporaneously induce disinflation and output contraction. Given the strong evidence of a large segment of the unbanked population in Ghana, the findings in this study could be verified based on a model that allows for the co-existence of optimizing and non-optimizing consumers. JEL Classification: B41, C5, C11, D11, D21, D41, D42, E2, E12, E43, E52, E58, F31, F41
A Study on the Role of the ODOP (One District, One Product) Scheme on Strengthening the Metal Craft Industry in Moradabad Region, Uttar Pradesh
Authors: Sharma Anant Kumar , Kumar Pavnesh 
Published: June 2024

The foundation of Uttar Pradesh’s industrial operations and economic development is its traditional occupation, geographic culture and unique products. Products that are unique to a given area play a vital role in the growth of any nation, state or region. The One District, One Product (ODOP) programme, which is being used in Uttar Pradesh, has given the state’s small businesses a new name. In the Moradabad region of Uttar Pradesh, a metal craft enterprise has been chosen under this model to enhance the production capacity, business opportunities and start-up optimisation. This particular product is essential to the state economy’s continued survival. By sponsoring investor exhibits, district fairs and mega craft clusters, which directly affect production, the state government promotes the productivity of metal crafts, creating a new vision for metal products and new opportunities for local and regional companies to gain worldwide prominence through this programme. The researchers of this study conducted a pilot study and primary survey based on the demographic profile of the Moradabad region of Uttar Pradesh to examine the increase in production capacity and its component under the ODOP scheme. The findings of this study indicate that all efforts to strengthen the local metal craft clusters and units through state government initiatives such as investor summits, exhibitions and district fairs under the ODOP scheme prove to be right for the success of productivity. The uniqueness of this research article serves as a living example for other states or countries to successfully implement the ODOP programme, which is a transformative step towards realising the true potential of the metal craft industry. The state government’s strategy like the ODOP scheme can serve as a bridge to strengthen and improve the local specified products like metal crafts by solving the barriers of productivity disparities and geographical product identity imbalances.