bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modelling blowing snow redistribution to prairie wetlands
Authors: Fang X. , Pomeroy J. W. 
Published: July 2009

AbstractBlowing snow transports and sublimates a substantial portion of the seasonal snowfall in the prairies of western Canada. Snow redistribution is an important feature of prairie hydrology as deep snowdrifts provide a source of meltwater to replenish ponds and generate streamflow in this dry region. The spatial distribution of snow water equivalent in the spring is therefore of great interest. A test of the distributed and aggregated modelling strategies for blowing snow transport and sublimation was conducted at the St. Denis National Wildlife Area in the rolling, internally drained prairie pothole region east of Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada. A LiDAR‐based DEM and aerial photograph‐based vegetation cover map were available for this region. A coupled complex windflow and blowing snow model was run with 262,144 6 m × 6 m grid cells to produce spatially distributed estimates of seasonal blowing snow transport and sublimation. The calculation was then aggregated to seven landscape units that represented the major influences of surface roughness, topography and fetch on blowing snow transport and sublimation. Both the distributed and aggregated simulations predicted similar end‐of‐winter snow water equivalent with substantial redistribution of blowing snow from exposed sparsely vegetated sites across topographic drainage divides to the densely vegetated pothole wetlands. Both simulations also agreed well with snow survey observations. While the distributed calculations provide a fascinating and detailed visual image of the interaction of complex landscapes and blowing snow redistribution and sublimation, it is clear that blowing snow transport and sublimation calculations can be successfully aggregated to the spatial scale of the major landscape units in this environment. This means that meso and macroscale hydrological models can represent blowing snow redistribution successfully in the prairies. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Multiple human papillomavirus genotype infections in cervical cancer progression in the study to understand cervical cancer early endpoints and determinants
Authors: Wentzensen Nicolas , Schiffman Mark , Dunn Terence , Zuna Rosemary E. , Gold Michael A. , Allen Richard A. , Zhang Roy , Sherman Mark E. , Wacholder Sholom , Walker Joan , Wang Sophia S. 
Published: July 2009

AbstractDetermining the causal attribution of human papillomavirus (HPV) genotypes to cervical disease is important to estimate the effect of HPV vaccination and to establish a type spectrum for HPV‐based screening. We analyzed the prevalence of HPV infections and their attribution to cervical disease in a population of 1,670 women referred to colposcopy for abnormal cytology at the University of Oklahoma. HPV genotyping was performed from cytology specimens using the Linear Array assay that detects 37 HPV genotypes. We used different methods of type attribution to revised cervical disease categories. We found very high prevalence of multiple HPV infections with up to 14 genotypes detected in single specimens. In all disease categories except for cancers, there was a significant trend of having more infections at a younger age. We did not see type interactions in multiple genotype infections. HPV16 was the most frequent genotype at all disease categories. Based on different attribution strategies, the attribution of vaccine genotypes (6, 11, 16, 18) ranged from 50.5 to 67.3% in cancers (n = 107), from 25.6 to 74.8% in CIN3 (n = 305), from 15.2 to 52.2% in CIN2 (n = 427), and from 6.6 to 26.0% in <CIN2 (n = 708). In the HSIL cytology group (n = 651), attribution ranged from 26.1 to 64.7%. The attribution of vaccine types to HSIL was substantially higher compared to the lower cytology categories. The potential range of HPV genotype attribution is wide at the disease categories <CIN2 to CIN3. Genotyping from cervical lesions and analyzing viral oncogene expression can improve estimates of HPV genotype attribution. © 2009 UICC
Association of HLA‐DRB1, interleukin‐6 and cyclin D1 polymorphisms with cervical cancer in the Swedish population—A candidate gene approach
Authors: Castro Felipe A. , Haimila Katri , Sareneva Inna , Schmitt Markus , Lorenzo Justo , Kunkel Nelli , Kumar Rajiv , Försti Asta , Kjellberg Lennart , Hallmans Göran , Lehtinen Matti , Hemminki Kari , Pawlita Michael 
Published: July 2009

AbstractHigh‐risk human papillomavirus (hrHPV) infection is the major risk factor for cervical cancer (CxCa). The role of genetic susceptibility in the disease has been suggested, but the existing data lack consistency. We conducted a nested case‐control study on 973 CxCa cases and 1,763 matched controls, from two Swedish population‐based cohorts to examine the association of common genetic variants with CxCa risk. Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) alleles and 24 other polymorphisms in 14 genes were selected on the basis of reported association or mechanistic plausibility with an HPV infection or cervical cancer development. Genotyping was conducted using multiplex PCR and Luminex technology. A significant association of CxCa with various polymorphisms was observed: rs1800797 in the IL‐6 gene (odds ratio [OR] = 0.88, 95% confidence intervals [CI]: 0.79–0.99); rs1041981 in the LTA gene (OR = 0.87, 95% CI: 0.78–0.98), and rs9344 in the CCND1 gene (OR = 1.14, 95% CI: 1.02–1.27), for those individuals carrying the rare allele. Additionally, the alleles 0401 and 1501 of the HLA class II DRB1 locus were associated with an increased risk (OR = 1.23, 95% CI: 1.04–1.45 and OR = 1.29, 95% CI: 1.11–1.50, respectively), and allele 1301 was associated with decreased risk (OR = 0.59, 95% CI: 0.47–0.73). The effects of CCND1 and the HLA*DRB1 alleles were independent of the effect of smoking. We did not find any association of risk with polymorphisms in genes related to the innate immune system. In conclusion, our study provides evidence for genetic susceptibility to CxCa due to variations in genes involved in the immune system and in cell cycle. © 2009 UICC
Biological effects induced by insulin‐like growth factor binding protein 3 (IGFBP‐3) in malignant melanoma
Authors: Øy Geir Frode , Slipicevic Ana , Davidson Ben , Solberg Faye Ragnar , M. Mælandsmo Gunhild , Flørenes Vivi Ann 
Published: July 2009

AbstractThe insulin like growth factor (IGF) signaling pathway has been shown to contribute to melanoma progression, but little is known about the role of the IGF binding protein 3 (IGFBP‐3) in melanoma biology. The aim of the present study was to characterize expression, function and regulation of IGFBP‐3 in malignant melanomas and study its potential as a biomarker. The expression of IGFBP‐3 varied between different human melanoma cell lines and reintroduction of the protein in non‐expressing cells led to induction of apoptosis. Interestingly, in cell lines expressing endogenous IGFBP‐3, siRNA silencing of the protein led to a cell line‐dependent decrease in proliferation, but had no effect on apoptosis and invasion. Examination of patient material showed that IGFBP‐3 is unexpressed in benign nevi while a slight increase in protein expression was seen in primary and metastatic melanoma. However, expression of the protein was low and no correlation was found with circulating levels of IGFBP‐3 in serum, suggesting that IGFBP‐3 has limited potential as a predictive marker in malignant melanoma. We showed that promoter methylation of IGFBP‐3 occurred in both melanoma cell lines and patient material, implicating epigenetic silencing as a regulation mechanism. Furthermore, expression of the protein was shown to be regulated by the PI3‐kinase/AKT and MAPK/ERK1/2 pathways. In summary, our findings suggest that IGFBP‐3 can exert dual functional effects influencing both apoptosis and proliferation. Development of resistance to the antiproliferative effects of IGFBP‐3 may be an important step in progression of malignant melanomas.
Fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy of chemotherapy‐induced apoptosis resistance in a syngenic mouse tumor model
Authors: Keese M. , Yagublu V. , Schwenke K. , Post S. , Bastiaens P. 
Published: July 2009

AbstractDuring cancer therapy with DNA‐damaging drug‐agents, the development of secondary resistance to apoptosis can be observed. In the search for novel therapeutic approaches that can be used in these cases, we monitored chemotherapy‐induced apoptosis resistance in a syngenic mouse tumor model. For this, syngenic murine colorectal carcinoma cells, which stably expressed a FRET‐based caspase‐3 activity sensor, were introduced into animals to induce peritoneal carcinomatosis or disseminated hepatic metastases. This syngenic system allowed in vitro, in vivo and ex vivo analysis of chemotherapy induced apoptosis induction by optically monitoring the caspase‐3 sensor state in the tumor cells. Tumor tissue analysis of 5‐FU treated mice showed the selection of 5‐FU‐induced apoptosis resistant tumor cells. These and chemo‐naive fluorescent tumor cells could be re‐isolated from treated and untreated mice and propagated in cell culture. Re‐exposure to 5‐FU and second line treatment modalities in this ex‐vivo setting showed that 5‐FU induced apoptosis resistance could be alleviated by imatinib mesylate (Gleevec). We thus show that syngenic mouse systems that stably express a FRET‐based caspase‐3 sensor can be employed to analyse the therapeutic efficiency of apoptosis inducing chemotherapy.
Probabilistic fuzzy systems in value‐at‐risk estimation
Authors: Almeida R. J. , Kaymak U. 
Published: July 2009

AbstractValue‐at‐risk (VaR) is a popular measure for quantifying the market risk that a financial institution faces into a single number. Owing to the complexity of financial markets, the risks associated with a portfolio varies over time. Consequently, advanced methods of VaR estimation use parametric conditional models of portfolio volatility (e.g. generalized autoregressive heteroscedasticity (GARCH) models) to adapt risk estimation to changing market conditions. However, more flexible semi‐parametric methods that adapt to the highly flexible underlying data distribution are better suited for accurate VaR estimation. In this paper, we consider VaR estimation by using probabilistic fuzzy systems (PFSs). A PFS is a semi‐parametric method that combines a linguistic description of the system behaviour with statistical properties of the data. Therefore, they provide the potential to adapt estimations of probability density to the linguistic framework of the modeller. We study two approaches to designing probabilistic fuzzy VaR models and compare their performances with the performance of a GARCH model. It is found that statistical back testing always accepts PFS models after tuning, whereas GARCH models may be rejected. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Evolving fuzzy modelling in risk analysis
Authors: Ballini R. , Mendonça A. R. R. , Gomide F. 
Published: July 2009

AbstractTraditionally, forecast methodologies emphasize precise point‐forecasts of stationary data. Risk analysis demands forecasts that, in practice, must be developed using imprecise and nonstationary data. Currently, value‐at‐risk (VaR) is widely employed in risk analysis. VaR requires a form of interval forecasts. Generalized autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity (GARCH) models are stochastic recursive systems commonly adopted in financial prediction. This paper addresses a new approach to handle imprecise and nonstationary data using evolving fuzzy modelling translated into a recursive, adaptive forecasting procedure. VaR analysis is conducted to compare the performance and robustness of evolving fuzzy forecasting against GARCH using São Paulo Stock Exchange data. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Poly‐ϵ‐caprolactone/gel hybrid scaffolds for cartilage tissue engineering
Authors: Schagemann J. C. , Chung H. W. , Mrosek E.H. , Stone J.J. , Fitzsimmons J.S. , O'Driscoll S. W. , Reinholz G. G. 
Published: July 2009

AbstractThe aim of this study was to determine the suitability of hybrid scaffolds composed of naturally derived biopolymer gels and macroporous poly‐ϵ‐caprolactone (PCL) scaffolds for neocartilage formation in vitro. Rabbit articular chondrocytes were seeded into PCL/HA (1 wt % hyaluronan), PCL/CS (0.5 wt % chitosan), PCL/F (1:3 fibrin sealant plus aprotinin), and PCL/COL1 (0.24% type I collagen) hybrids and cultured statically for up to 50 days. Growth characteristics were evaluated by histological analysis, scanning electron microscopy, and confocal laser scanning microscopy. Neocartilage was quantified using a dimethyl‐methylene blue assay for sulfated glycosaminoglycans (sGAG) and an enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay for type II collagen (COL2), normalized to dsDNA content by fluorescent PicoGreen assay. Chondrocytes were homogenously distributed throughout the entire scaffold and exhibited a predominantly spheroidal shape 1 h after being seeded into scaffolds. Immunofluorescence depicted expanding proteoglycan deposition with time. The sGAG per dsDNA increased in all hybrids between days 25 and 50. PCL/HA scaffolds consistently promoted highest yields. In contrast, total sGAG and total COL2 decreased in all hybrids except PCL/CS, which favored increasing values and a significantly higher total COL2 at day 50. Overall, dsDNA content decreased significantly with time, and particularly between days 3 and 6. The PCL/HA hybrid displayed two proliferation peaks at days 3 and 25, and PCL/COL1 displayed one proliferation peak at day 12. The developed hybrids provided distinct short‐term environments for implanted chondrocytes, with not all of them being explicitly beneficial (PCL/F, PCL/COL1). The PCL/HA and PCL/CS hybrids, however, promoted specific neocartilage formation and initial cell retention and are thus promising for cartilage tissue engineering. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res 2010
Antibacterial effects and dissolution behavior of six bioactive glasses
Authors: Zhang Di , Leppäranta Outi , Munukka Eveliina , Ylänen Heimo , Viljanen Matti K. , Eerola Erkki , Hupa Mikko , Hupa Leena 
Published: July 2009

AbstractDissolution behavior of six bioactive glasses was correlated with the antibacterial effects of the same glasses against sixteen clinically important bacterial species. Powdered glasses (<45 μm) were immersed in simulated body fluid (SBF) for 48 h. The pH in the solution inside the glass powder was measured in situ with a microelectrode. After 2, 4, 27, and 48 h, the pH and concentration of ions after removing the particles and mixing the SBF were measured with a normal glass pH electrode and ICP‐OES. The bacteria were cultured in broth with the glass powder for up to 4 days, after which the viability of the bacteria was determined. The antibacterial effect of the glasses increased with increasing pH and concentration of alkali ions and thus with increased dissolution tendency of the glasses, but it also depended on the bacterium type. The changes in the concentrations of Si, Ca, Mg, P, and B ions in SBF did not show statistically significant influence on the antibacterial property. Bioactive glasses showed strong antibacterial effects for a wide selection of aerobic bacteria at a high sample concentration (100 mg/mL). The antibacterial effects increased with glass concentration and a concentration of 50 mg/mL (SA/V 185 cm−1) was required to generate the bactericidal effects. Understanding the dissolution mechanisms of bioactive glasses is essential when assessing their antibacterial effects. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res 2010
Facilitating tissue infiltration and angiogenesis in a tubular collagen scaffold
Authors: Gérard Catherine , Doillon Charles J. 
Published: July 2009

AbstractAmong different strategies to provide blood supply to tissue‐engineered devices and implants, the use of arteriovenous loops and bundles has been proposed. The aim of this study was to compare the vascularization and healing processes that took place in a one‐end closed tubular collagen‐based scaffold at different implantation sites in mice. These conditions were in the presence or absence of heparin and/or bone marrow cells. By 30 days, very few cell infiltrations were observed in the dorsal subcutaneous and peritoneal implants at any conditions; however, the presence of heparin and bone marrow cells improved cell infiltration toward an inflammatory reaction. The insertion of an arteriovenous bundle into the central cavity of the scaffold resulted in partial wound tissue infiltration in the control scaffolds implanted subcutaneously in the hind limb. In similar conditions, the presence of bone marrow cells and heparin resulted in dense wound tissue with numerous capillaries and a significant amount of newly deposited collagen fibers. The design of a central cavity in a porous scaffold with one closed end may facilitate invasion from the central part of the implant toward the implant wall. In addition, the presence of both a vascular component and stem/progenitor cells may lead to a vascularized implant while limiting the inflammatory reaction. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 2010
Adsorption and release of BMP‐2 on nanocrystalline apatite‐coated and uncoated hydroxyapatite/β‐tricalcium phosphate porous ceramics
Authors: Autefage Hélène , Briand‐Mésange Fabienne , Cazalbou Sophie , Drouet Christophe , Fourmy Daniel , Gonçalvès Stéphane , Salles Jean‐Pierre , Combes Christèle , Swider Pascal , Rey Christian 
Published: July 2009

AbstractThe association of bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) with calcium phosphate bioceramics is known to confer them osteoinductive properties. The aim of this study was to evaluate the surface properties, especially regarding recombinant human BMP‐2 (rhBMP‐2) adsorption and release, of commercial sintered biphasic calcium phosphate ceramics after coating with biomimetic nanocrystalline apatite. The raw and coated ceramics exhibited similar macroporous structures but different nanometer‐sized pores contents. Both types of ceramics showed Langmuir‐type adsorption isotherms of rhBMP‐2. The coating noticeably increased the rate of adsorption and the total amount of growth factor taken up, but the maximum coverage per surface area unit as well as the affinity constant appeared lower for coated ceramics compared with raw ceramic surfaces. The limited advantage gained by coating the ceramics can be assigned to a lower accessibility of the surface adsorption sites compared with the raw ceramics. The quantity of rhBMP‐2 spontaneously released in cell culture medium during the first weeks was lower for coated samples than for uncoated ceramics and represented a minor fraction of the total adsorbed amount. In conclusion, the nanocrystalline apatite coating was found to favor the adsorption of rhBMP‐2 while providing a mean to fine tune the release of the growth factor. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2009
Development of an in vitro model on cellular adhesion on granular natural bone mineral under dynamic seeding conditions—A pilot study
Authors: Rameis Marie‐Therese , Cei Silvia , Bernardi Johannes , Watzek Georg , Gruber Reinhard 
Published: July 2009

AbstractAdhesion of osteogenic cells on biomaterials can be studied with static in vitro models, whereas models representing dynamic seeding conditions are rare. Herein, we present an in vitro model to study cell adhesion on granular biomaterials under dynamic seeding conditions. Radiolabeled osteogenic MC3T3‐E1 cells were allowed to adhere to granules of natural bovine bone mineral (NBM) under constant rotation. Adhesion of MC3T3‐E1 cells was determined by liquid scintillation counting, and cell morphology was visualized by scanning electron microscopy. Cell viability was determined by MTT assay under static and dynamic conditions, at room and body temperature, and in the presence or absence of serum. We show here that MC3T3‐E1 cells rapidly adhere to NBM, reaching a peak 3 h after seeding. Attached cells display characteristic signs of spreading. Five to ten percent of total radioactivity remained on NBM after the removal of nonadherent cells. Viability is maintained at room temperature and under rotation for upto 3 h. This data suggests that the dynamic in vitro model presented here provides a tool to study cell adhesion on granular biomaterials. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2009
Histomorphologic analysis of 30 plateau root form implants retrieved after 8 to 13 years in function. A human retrieval study
Authors: Coelho Paulo G. , Marin Charles , Granato Rodrigo , Suzuki Marcelo 
Published: July 2009

AbstractThe objective of this study was to evaluate the morphology and integration status of 30 human retrieved plateau root form implants. Thirty plateau design root form implants that were in function from 8 to 13 years were retrieved from patients due to prosthetic reasons. Following surgical removal, the samples remained in 10% buffered formaline for 7 days. Bone morphology was evaluated by transmitted and polarized light microscopy, and bone‐to‐implant contact (BIC) histomorphometric assessment was determined through computer software. Irrespective of time in vivo, lamellar bone was observed in close contact with the implant surface and between plateaus. BIC ranged from ∼20 to ∼80%. Polarized light microscopy showed a highly directional osteonic morphology between plateaus for most implants. A haversian‐like microstructure running perpendicular to and along with the implants' long axis (between plateaus) was observed in regions of cortical and trabecular bone, revealing a unique bone microstructural evolution over time around functionally loaded plateau root form implants. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2009
Effects of protein A immunoadsorption in patients with advanced chronic dilated cardiomyopathy
Authors: Doesch Andreas O. , Konstandin Mathias , Celik Sultan , Kristen Arnt , Frankenstein Lutz , Hardt Stefan , Goeser Stefan , Kaya Ziya , Katus Hugo A. , Dengler Thomas J. 
Published: July 2009

AbstractObjectives:The objective of this study was to investigate functional effects of immunoadsorption (IA) in severely limited study patients with chronic nonfamilial dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM), and to analyze the prevalence of Troponin I (TNI) autoantibodies.Background:Immunoadsorption (IA) has been shown to induce early hemodynamic improvement in patients with nonfamilial DCM.Methods:We performed IA using Immunosorba columns on five consecutive days in 27 patients with chronic DCM, congestive heart failure of NYHA class ≥II, left ventricular ejection fraction below 40%, and mean time since initial diagnosis of 7.2 ± 6.8 years.Results:Immediately after IA, IgG decreased by 87.7% and IgG3 by 58.5%. Median NT‐pro BNP was reduced from 1740.0 ng/L at baseline to 1504.0 ng/L after 6 months (P = 0.004). Mean left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) was not significantly improved overall (24.1 ± 7.8% to 25.4 ± 10.4% after 6 months, P = 0.38), but LVEF improved ≥5% (absolute) in 9 of 27 (33%) patients. Bicycle spiroergometry showed a significant increase in exercise capacity from 73.7 ± 29.4 Watts to 88.8 ± 31.1 Watts (P = 0.003) after 6 months while VO2max rose from 13.7 ± 3.8 to 14.9 ± 3.0 mL/min kg after 6 months (P = 0.09). Subgroup analysis revealed a higher NT‐pro BNP reduction in patients with shorter disease duration (P = 0.03) and without TNI autoantibodies at baseline (P = 0.05). All 9 patients with an absolute increase of LVEF of ≥5.0% were diabetic (P = 0.0001).Conclusions:In this study, on severely limited heart failure patients with nonfamilial DCM, IA therapy moderately improved markers of heart failure severity in a limited subgroup of patients. This may be due to the selected study population with end‐stage heart failure patients and the lower reduction of IgG3 compared to previous studies. Future blinded multicenter studies are necessary to identify those patients that benefit most. J. Clin. Apheresis 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.