bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effect of chronotropic incompetence on physiologic responses during progressive exercise in people with Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Panassollo Tone Ricardo Benevides , Lord Sue , Rashid Usman , Taylor Denise , Mawston Grant 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Heart rate (HR) response is likely to vary in people with Parkinson’s disease (PD), particularly for those with chronotropic incompetence (CI). This study explores the impact of CI on HR and metabolic responses during cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET) in people with PD, and its implications for exercise intensity prescription.

Methods
Twenty-eight participants with mild PD and seventeen healthy controls underwent CPET to identify the presence or absence of CI. HR and metabolic responses were measured at submaximal (first (VT1) and second (VT2) ventilatory thresholds), and at peak exercise. Main outcome measures were HR, oxygen consumption (VO2), and changes in HR responses (HR/WR slope) to an increase in exercise demand.

Results
CI was present in 13 (46%) PD participants (PDCI), who during CPET, exhibited blunted HR responses compared to controls and PD non-CI beyond 60% of maximal workload (p ≤ 0.05). PDCI presented a significantly lower HR at VT2, and peak exercise compared to PD non-CI and controls (p ≤ 0.001). VO2 was significantly lower in PDCI than PD non-CI and controls at VT2 (p = 0.003 and p = 0.036, respectively) and at peak exercise (p = 0.001 and p = 0.023, respectively).

Conclusion
Although poorly understood, the presence of CI in PD and its effect on HR and metabolic responses during incremental exercise is significant and important to consider when programming aerobic exercises.
Rainbow Variations on a Theme by Mantel: Extremal Problems for Gallai Colouring Templates
Authors: Falgas-Ravry Victor , Markström Klas , Räty Eero 
Published: April 2024

AbstractLet $$\textbf{G}:=(G_1, G_2, G_3)$$

G
:
=
(

G
1

,

G
2

,

G
3

)

be a triple of graphs on the same vertex set V of size n. A rainbow triangle in $$\textbf{G}$$
G
is a triple of edges $$(e_1, e_2, e_3)$$

(

e
1

,

e
2

,

e
3

)

with $$e_i\in G_i$$

e
i

∈

G
i

for each i and $$\{e_1, e_2, e_3\}$$

{

e
1

,

e
2

,

e
3

}

forming a triangle in V. The triples $$\textbf{G}$$
G
not containing rainbow triangles, also known as Gallai colouring templates, are a widely studied class of objects in extremal combinatorics. In the present work, we fully determine the set of edge densities $$(\alpha _1, \alpha _2, \alpha _3)$$

(

α
1

,

α
2

,

α
3

)

such that if $$\vert E(G_i)\vert > \alpha _i n^2$$

|
E

(

G
i

)

|
>

α
i

n
2

for each i and n is sufficiently large, then $$\textbf{G}$$
G
must contain a rainbow triangle. This resolves a problem raised by Aharoni, DeVos, de la Maza, Montejanos and Šámal, generalises several previous results on extremal Gallai colouring templates, and proves a recent conjecture of Frankl, Győri, He, Lv, Salia, Tompkins, Varga and Zhu.
Associations between health-related quality of life and subsequent need for specialized palliative care and hospital utilization in patients with gastrointestinal cancer—a prospective single-center cohort study
Authors: Gerhardt Stine , Benthien Kirstine Skov , Herling Suzanne , Leerhøy Bonna , Jarlbaek Lene , Krarup Peter-Martin 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
We lack knowledge of which factors are associated with the risk of developing complex palliative care needs. The aim of this study was to investigate the associations between patient-reported health-related quality of life and subsequent referral to specialized palliative care (SPC) and hospital utilization.

Methods
This was a prospective single-center cohort study. Data on patient-reported outcomes were collected through the European Organization of Research and Treatment of Cancer Questionnaire-Core-15-Palliative Care (EORTC QLQ-C15-PAL) at the time of diagnosis. Covariates and hospital utilization outcomes were collected from medical records. Adjusted logistic and Poisson regression were applied in the analyses. Participants were newly diagnosed with incurable gastrointestinal cancer and affiliated with a palliative care case management intervention established in a gastroenterology department.

Results
Out of 397 patients with incurable gastrointestinal cancer, 170 were included in the study. Patients newly diagnosed with incurable gastrointestinal cancer experienced a substantial burden of symptoms. Pain was significantly associated with subsequent referral to SPC (OR 1.015; 95% CI 1.001–1.029). Patients with lower education levels (OR 0.210; 95% CI 0.056–0.778) and a Charlson Comorbidity Index score of 2 or more (OR 0.173; 95% CI 0.041–0.733) were less likely to be referred to SPC. Pain (IRR 1.011; 95% CI 1.005–1.018), constipation (IRR 1.009; 95% CI 1.004–1.015), and impaired overall quality of life (IRR 0.991; 95% CI 0.983–0.999) were significantly associated with increased risk of hospital admissions.

Conclusion
The study indicates a need for interventions in hospital departments to identify and manage the substantial symptom burden experienced by patients, provide palliative care, and ensure timely referral to SPC.
Shared decision-making needs, barriers, and facilitators of patients with newly diagnosed advanced cancer in the hospital: a multi-level, mixed-methods study
Authors: Reyes Kevin R. , Wong Paul , Petrofsky Mary , Dai Annie , Pelayo Alyson , Brondfield Sam , Kwon Daniel H. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Little is known about the shared decision-making (SDM) needs, barriers, and facilitators of patients with newly diagnosed advanced cancer in the hospital. Understanding this may improve SDM and cancer care quality in this vulnerable population.

Methods
A single-site, mixed-methods study of hospitalized patients with newly diagnosed advanced cancer, caregivers, and oncologists was conducted. After discharge, patient ± caregiver semi-structured interviews exploring SDM needs, barriers, and facilitators regarding their most important upcoming cancer-related decision were conducted. Oncologists were surveyed about patient knowledge and SDM needs using closed- and open-ended questions, respectively. Thematic analysis was performed for qualitative data with a focus on themes unique to or amplified by hospitalization. Descriptive statistics and the Chi-squared test were performed for quantitative data.

Results
Patients and caregivers reported high SDM needs surrounding treatment and prognostic information, leading to decisional conflict. Eight themes emerged: anticipated cancer treatment decisions, variable control preferences in decision-making, high cancer-related information needs and uncertainty, barriers and facilitators to information gathering during and post hospitalization, and decision-making facilitators. Among 32 oncologists, most (56%) reported patients were poorly informed about treatment and prognosis. Oncologists reported variable expectations about patient knowledge after hospitalization, facilitators to patient decision-making, and patient uncertainty while awaiting an outpatient oncologist appointment.

Conclusion
Patients newly diagnosed with advanced cancer in the hospital have high SDM needs and experience decisional conflict. This may be due to barriers unique to or exacerbated by hospitalization. Further research is needed to develop strategies to address these barriers and enhance the facilitators identified in this study.
Pimo: memory-efficient privacy protection in video streaming and analytics
Authors: Yuan Jie , Wang Zicong , Yuan Tingting , Zhang Jing , Qian Rui 
Published: April 2024

AbstractVideo streaming from cameras to backend cloud or edge servers for neural-based analytics has gained significant popularity. However, the transmission of data from cameras to a backend raises substantial privacy concerns, particularly regarding sensitive information like facial data. To offer privacy protection, visual processing techniques, such as Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs), have been employed on cameras to blur and safeguard such data intelligently. However, these techniques frequently face memory challenges, particularly when dealing with high-resolution videos. In this paper, we propose PIMO, a memory-efficient visual privacy protection scheme designed to effectively blur video content leveraging adaptive slicing of frames and resolution degradation. Our extensive experimental evaluations validate that PIMO’s adaptive mechanism proficiently navigates fluctuating memory constraints. Furthermore, utilizing a content-based blur scheme, our approach can maintain an impressive mean precision of 95.2%, as compared to the original, non-blurred images.
Anxiety and depression in metabolic-associated steatotic liver disease: relation with socio-demographic features and liver disease severity
Authors: Brodosi Lucia , Stecchi Michele , Musio Alessandra , Bazzocchi Matilde , Risi Eleonora , Marchignoli Francesca , Marchesini Giulio , Petroni Maria Letizia 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Purpose
We aimed to evaluate the prevalence of anxiety and depression traits in Italian patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), and the possible relation with the severity of liver disease.

Methods
Demographic, anthropometric, clinical and laboratory parameters were collected in patients referred to a metabolic unit for a comprehensive evaluation of possible liver disease. Hepatic steatosis and fibrosis were evaluated by surrogate biomarkers. Imaging (controlled attenuation parameter-CAP and vibration-controlled transient elastography-VCTE). Beck depression inventory (BDI) and state-trait anxiety inventory-Y (STAI-Y) were used to define depressive/anxiety states; calorie intake and lifestyle were self-assessed by questionnaires.

Results
The whole sample comprised 286 patients (61.9% females; mean age 52.0 years; BMI, 34.6 kg/m2); 223 fulfilled MASLD criteria. BDI and trait anxiety scores were lower in the MASLD cohort, and the prevalence of both moderate/severe depression and severe trait anxiety was reduced compared with non-MASLD cases, despite VCTE-diagnosed fibrosis F3–F4 present in over 15% of cases. However, after correction for demographic and anthropometric confounders, MASLD was not associated with a lower risk of moderate/severe depression or severe anxiety trait (odds ratio, 0.34; 95% confidence interval, 0.12–1.01 and 0.79, 0.27–2.34). Additional adjustment for the severity of fibrosis did not change the results. No differences in state anxiety were observed.

Conclusion
The risk of anxiety and depression in MASLD is not different from that generated by diabetes and obesity per se. MASLD patients do not perceive liver disease as a specific source of psychological distress, possibly as a consequence of the unawareness of progressive liver disease.
Extremophiles in a changing world
Authors: Cowan D. A. , Albers S. V. , Antranikian G. , Atomi H. , Averhoff B. , Basen M. , Driessen A. J. M. , Jebbar M. , Kelman Z. , Kerou M. , Littlechild J. , Müller V. , Schönheit P. , Siebers B. , Vorgias K. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractExtremophiles and their products have been a major focus of research interest for over 40 years. Through this period, studies of these organisms have contributed hugely to many aspects of the fundamental and applied sciences, and to wider and more philosophical issues such as the origins of life and astrobiology. Our understanding of the cellular adaptations to extreme conditions (such as acid, temperature, pressure and more), of the mechanisms underpinning the stability of macromolecules, and of the subtleties, complexities and limits of fundamental biochemical processes has been informed by research on extremophiles. Extremophiles have also contributed numerous products and processes to the many fields of biotechnology, from diagnostics to bioremediation. Yet, after 40 years of dedicated research, there remains much to be discovered in this field. Fortunately, extremophiles remain an active and vibrant area of research. In the third decade of the twenty-first century, with decreasing global resources and a steadily increasing human population, the world’s attention has turned with increasing urgency to issues of sustainability. These global concerns were encapsulated and formalized by the United Nations with the adoption of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and the presentation of the seventeen Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in 2015. In the run-up to 2030, we consider the contributions that extremophiles have made, and will in the future make, to the SDGs.
Myocardial biomechanical effects of fetal aortic valvuloplasty
Authors: Green Laura , Chan Wei Xuan , Tulzer Andreas , Tulzer Gerald , Yap Choon Hwai 
Published: April 2024

AbstractFetal critical aortic stenosis with evolving hypoplastic left heart syndrome (CAS-eHLHS) can progress to a univentricular (UV) birth malformation. Catheter-based fetal aortic valvuloplasty (FAV) can resolve stenosis and reduce the likelihood of malformation progression. However, we have limited understanding of the biomechanical impact of FAV and subsequent LV responses. Therefore, we performed image-based finite element (FE) modeling of 4 CAS-eHLHS fetal hearts, by performing iterative simulations to match image-based characteristics and then back-computing physiological parameters. We used pre-FAV simulations to conduct virtual FAV (vFAV) and compared pre-FAV and post-FAV simulations. vFAV simulations generally enabled partial restoration of several physiological features toward healthy levels, including increased stroke volume and myocardial strains, reduced aortic valve (AV) and mitral valve regurgitation (MVr) velocities, reduced LV and LA pressures, and reduced peak myofiber stress. FAV often leads to aortic valve regurgitation (AVr). Our simulations showed that AVr could compromise LV and LA depressurization but it could also significantly increase stroke volume and myocardial deformational stimuli. Post-FAV scans and simulations showed FAV enabled only partial reduction of the AV dissipative coefficient. Furthermore, LV contractility and peripheral vascular resistance could change in response to FAV, preventing decreases in AV velocity and LV pressure, compared with what would be anticipated from stenosis relief. This suggested that case-specific post-FAV modeling is required to fully capture cardiac functionality. Overall, image-based FE modeling could provide mechanistic details of the effects of FAV, but computational prediction of acute outcomes was difficult due to a patient-dependent physiological response to FAV.
Factors affecting catches of bark beetles and woodboring beetles in traps
Authors: Dodds Kevin J. , Sweeney Jon , Francese Joseph A. , Besana Laura , Rassati Davide 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe use of semiochemical-baited traps for detection, monitoring, and sampling bark beetles and woodboring beetles (BBWB) has rapidly increased since the early 2000s. Semiochemical-baited survey traps are used in generic (broad community level) and specific (targeted toward a species or group) surveys to detect nonnative and potentially invasive BBWB, monitor established populations of invasive or damaging native species, and as a tool to survey natural communities for various purposes. Along with expansion in use, much research on ways to improve the efficacy of trapping surveys for the detection of specific pests as well as BBWB in general has been conducted. In this review, we provide information on intrinsic and extrinsic factors and how they influence the efficacy of detecting BBWB in traps. Intrinsic factors, such as trap type and color, and other factors are described, as well as important extrinsic factors such as habitat selection, horizontal and vertical placement, and disturbance. When developing surveys, consideration of these factors should increase the species richness and/or abundance of BBWB captured in traps and increase the probability of detecting nonnative species that may be present. During generic surveys, deploying more than one trap type or color, using an array of lures, and trapping at different vertical and horizontal positions is beneficial and can increase the number of species captured. Specific surveys generally rely on predetermined protocols that provide recommendations on trap type, color, lure, and trap placement.
The dynamics of vertical coalescence of acoustically levitated droplets
Authors: Vashi Aditya , Yadav Ajeet Singh , Nguyen Nam-Trung , Sreejith Kamalalayam Rajan 
Published: April 2024

AbstractMobility manipulation of liquid droplets is an important task of digital imicrofluidics. Acoustic levitation has revolutionised the contactless manipulation of liquid droplets for various applications. Acoustic levitation technique can be effectively used to manipulate droplets to obtain their coalescence. This paper reports a unique, versatile, and material-independent approach for the vertical coalescence of the droplets suspended in an acoustic levitator. The acoustic power of the levitator is carefully engineered to obtain vertical coalescence of two liquid droplets. Water, 20% and 40% glycerol–water solutions are used as the working liquids. The results of the experiments revealed three outcomes during the coalescence. The outcomes are analysed and discussed.
Identification of Hub Genes in Liver Hepatocellular Carcinoma Based on Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis
Authors: Sun Jiawei , Zhang Zizhen , Cai Jiaru , Li Xiaoping , Xu Xiaoling 
Published: April 2024

AbstractLiver hepatocellular carcinoma (LIHC) is a malignant cancer with high incidence and poor prognosis. To investigate the correlation between hub genes and progression of LIHC and to provided potential prognostic markers and therapy targets for LIHC. Our study mainly used The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) LIHC database and the gene expression profiles of GSE54236 from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) to explore the differential co-expression genes between LIHC and normal tissues. The differential co-expression genes were extracted by Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis (WGCNA) and differential gene expression analysis methods. The Genetic Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) were carried out to annotate the function of differential genes. Then the hub genes were validated using protein-protein interaction (PPI) network. And the expression level and prognostic analysis were performed. The probable associations between the expression of hub genes and both tumor purity and infiltration of immune cells were explored by TIMER. A total of 68 differential co-expression genes were extracted. These genes were mainly enriched in complement activation (biological process), collagen trimer (cellular component), carbohydrate binding and receptor ligand activity (molecular function) and cytokine − cytokine receptor interaction. Then we demonstrated that the 10 hub genes (CFP, CLEC1B, CLEC4G, CLEC4M, FCN2, FCN3, PAMR1 and TIMD4) were weakly expressed in LIHC tissues, the qRT-PCR results of clinical samples showed that six genes were significantly downregulated in LIHC patients compared with adjacent tissues. Worse overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) in LIHC patients were associated with the lower expression of CFP, CLEC1B, FCN3 and TIMD4. Ten hub genes had positive association with tumor purity. CFP, CLEC1B, FCN3 and TIMD4 could serve as novel potential molecular targets for prognosis prediction in LIHC.
Achieving transformational change through the consilience of behavioral science and radical alternatives
Authors: Read Daniel J. , Selinske Matthew J. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe integration of behavioral science into conservation science and climate science has enabled the development of both novel research questions and practical interventions. However, most behavioral interventions aim to change private, individual behaviors, rather than transform the political economic systems that drive current biodiversity, climate, and social crises. In this paper, we argue that closer collaboration between behavioral scientists working on biodiversity and climate issues, on the one hand, and advocates for radical alternatives to current political economic systems, on the other, could advance such needed systemic transformation. While the work of both groups is subject to some critique, we suggest that closer collaboration could enable the strengths of each to address the others’ weaknesses. This complementarity is particularly true when behavioral interventions are co-designed with advocates and targeted towards powerful individuals whose behavior could affect systems-level transformation. We use the fossil fuel divestment movement as an illustrative example of one way in which this collaboration could be mutually beneficial, and then outline potential political, practical, and ethical implications that may accompany such collaborations in the biodiversity conservation and climate change fields.
A topological insight into the polar involution of convex sets
Authors: Higueras-Montaño Luisa F. , Jonard-Pérez Natalia 
Published: April 2024

AbstractDenote by $${\cal K}_0^n$$

K
0
n

the family of all closed convex sets A ⊂ ℝn containing the origin 0 ∈ ℝn. For $$A \in {\cal K}_0^n$$
A
∈

K
0
n

, its polar set is denoted by A°. In this paper, we investigate the topological nature of the polar mapping A → A° on $$({\cal K}_0^n,{d_{AW}})$$
(

K
0
n

,

d

A
W

)
, where dAW denotes the Attouch–Wets metric. We prove that $$({\cal K}_0^n,{d_{AW}})$$
(

K
0
n

,

d

A
W

)
is homeomorphic to the Hilbert cube $$Q = \prod\nolimits_{i = 1}^\infty {[ - 1,1]} $$
Q
=

∏

i
=
1

∞

[
−
1
,
1
]

and the polar mapping is topologically conjugate with the standard based-free involution σ: Q → Q, defined by σ(x) = −x for all x ∈ Q. We also prove that among the inclusion-reversing involutions on $${\cal K}_0^n$$

K
0
n

(also called dualities), those and only those with a unique fixed point are topologically conjugate with the polar mapping, and they can be characterized as all the maps $$f:{\cal K}_0^n \to {\cal K}_0^n$$
f
:

K
0
n

→

K
0
n

of the form f(A) = T(A°), with T a positive-definite linear isomorphism of ℝn.
OnlyFans: How Models Negotiate Fan Interaction
Authors: Tynan Luke , Linehan Conor 
Published: April 2024

AbstractOnlyFans is a social media platform that allows individuals to sell subscription access to content and interact with subscribers. While open to all forms of creators, OnlyFans has become synonymous with pornographic and erotic content, particularly during its growth over the Covid-19 pandemic. Models on OnlyFans are paid by fans to provide an experience which is tailored to the fantasy of the fan. This study employed a qualitative reflexive thematic analysis to examine the complexities of creator-fan interactions, the challenges faced by models, and their strategies in managing those interactions. Seven Ireland-based OnlyFans models (87.5% cis-women), participated in semi-structured interviews via social media. Findings identified four key challenge domains: boundaries, exposure, impression management, and interaction. Models strategised in a number of ways, such as clarifying boundaries, protecting identities, managing impressions, and confining fan interactions to the platform itself. However, the ambiguous nature of the roles in this fan-model dynamic, often culminated in blurred lines between fantasy and reality, leading to boundary violations and problematic fan-model relationships. This dynamic has striking parallels with the challenges experienced between influencers and celebrities with their fans, emphasizing the universal nature of this digital interaction phenomenon. The findings bear significant implications for a broad range of individuals, including potential and active OnlyFans models, celebrities and influencers navigating fandoms, researchers exploring online interactions, and mental health professionals assisting clients in these contexts. This study acknowledges its limitation in exploring only the models’ perspective, urging future research to incorporate fan perspectives of this dynamic.