bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quality of Life: Its Application to Persons With Intellectual Disabilities and Their Families—Introduction and Overview
Authors: Brown Roy I. , Schalock Robert L. , Brown Ivan 
Published: March 2009

AbstractThe authors provide an overview of quality of life (QoL) conceptualization in the field of intellectual disabilities (ID), provide background information, and set an organizing framework for presenting concepts and concrete ideas for applying QoL. This framework is useful for three broad categories of application in the field of ID that form the application of QoL to individuals, groups of individuals, and to families. QoL thus can be used as a sensitizing notion that gives a sense of reference and guidance from the individual's perspective, focusing on the person and the individual's environment and provides a framework for conceptualizing, measuring, and applying the QoL construct. The applications also frame evaluation strategies for QoL research. The authors conclude that there is a need to identify relevant QoL evidence from the literature in a proactive way, and to ensure that it is methodologically sound, provides both quantitative and qualitative data, represents inter‐ and intra‐individual variability, and illustrates changes over both the lifespan and across cultural settings.
IN-1130, a Novel Transforming Growth Factor-β Type I Receptor Kinase (Activin Receptor-like Kinase 5) Inhibitor, Promotes Regression of Fibrotic Plaque and Corrects Penile Curvature in a Rat Model of Peyronie’s Disease
Authors: Ryu Ji-Kan , Piao Shuguang , Shin Hwa-Yean , Choi Min Ji , Zhang Lu Wei , Jin Hai-Rong , Kim Woo Jean , Han Jee-Young , Hong Soon Sun , Park Seok Hee , Lee Sang-Jin , Kim In-Hoo , Lee Chung Ryul , Kim Dae-Kee , Mamura Mizuko , Kim Seong-Jin , Suh Jun-Kyu 
Published: March 2009

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) has been known to play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of Peyronie’s disease (PD).

Aim
The aim of this paper was to investigate the therapeutic effect of IN-1130, a novel small molecule inhibitor of activin receptor-like kinase (ALK)5, a type I receptor of TGF-β, in an animal model of PD.

Methods
PD was induced in rats through repeated injections of adenovirus expressing TGF-β1 (days 0, 3, and 6; 1 × 1010 particles/0.1 mL, respectively) into the tunica albuginea. The rats were divided into five groups (N = 10 per group): group 1, age-matched controls without treatment; group 2, age-matched controls receiving repeated injections of IN-1130 (days 30 and 37; 5 mg/kg in 0.1 mL saline, respectively); group 3, PD rats without treatment; group 4, PD rats receiving repeated injections of saline (days 30 and 37; 0.1 mL, respectively); group 5, PD rats receiving repeated injections of IN-1130 (days 30 and 37; 5 mg/kg in 0.1 mL saline, respectively) into the lesion.

Main Outcome Measures
Penile curvature was evaluated by use of an artificial erection test at day 45, and the penis was then harvested for histologic examination. Collagen in the plaque was quantitatively assessed by hydroxyproline determination.

Results
IN-1130 induced significant regression of fibrotic plaque through reduced infiltration of inflammatory cells, reduced transnuclear expression of phospho-Smad2/phospho-Smad3, reduced hydroxyproline content, and reduced cartilage content and restoration of elastin fibers in the fibrotic plaque of PD rats, which was accompanied by the correction of penile curvature.

Conclusion
Antagonizing TGF-β signaling through the use of ALK5 inhibitors may represent an exciting new therapeutic strategy for the future treatment of PD.
Association of Glycemic Control with Risk of Erectile Dysfunction in Men with Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Lu Chih-Chen , Jiann Bang-Ping , Sun Chun-Chin , Lam Hing-Chung , Chu Chih-Hsun , Lee Jenn-Kuen 
Published: March 2009

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Improvement in glycemic control is likely to reduce the risk of diabetic complication, while its effect on erectile dysfunction (ED) remains unclear.

Aim
The aim of this study was to evaluate the association of glycemic control with risk of ED in type 2 diabetics.

Methods
A self-administered questionnaire containing Sexual Health Inventory for Men was obtained from 792 subjects with type 2 diabetes at our institution. Clinical data were obtained through chart review.

Main Outcome Measures
The contribution of glycemic control assessed by glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) level as well as age, duration of diabetes, hypertension (HT), dyslipidemia, and cigarette smoking to risk of ED was evaluated.

Results
Of 792 subjects, 83.6% reported having ED and 43.2% had severe ED. HbA1c level (%) adjusted for age and duration of diabetes was significantly associated with ED (OR 1.12, 95% CI: 1.01–1.25). None of HT, dyslipidemia, and cigarette smoking was a significant risk factor for ED after adjusted for age and duration of diabetes. HbA1c level, age, and duration of diabetes were significant independent risk factors for ED among the younger group (age ≤ 60 years), and only age and duration of diabetes were independent risk factors among the older group (age &gt; 60 years). For the risk of severe ED, compared with no and mild to moderate ED, HbA1c level, duration of diabetes, and HT were independent risk factors among the younger group, and only age was an independent factor among the older group.

Conclusions
Better glycemic control probably would reduce the prevalence of ED and its severity among the younger men with type 2 diabetes. For the older group, aging was the major determinant for ED risk among this population with type 2 diabetes.
Effect of Estrogen Deprivation on the Expression of Aquaporins and Nitric Oxide Synthases in Rat Vagina
Authors: Kim Sun-Ouck , Lee Hyun-Suk , Ahn Kyuyoun , Park Kwangsung 
Published: March 2009

ABSTRACT

Introduction
The expression of aquaporin (AQP) water channels in rat vagina was recently reported.

Aim
The purposes of this study were to investigate the effect of 17β-estradiol on the expression of the AQP-1 and AQP-2 water channels and nitric oxide synthase (NOS) isoforms in rat vagina.

Methods
Female Sprague-Dawley rats (230–240 g, N = 90) were divided into three groups: control (N = 30), bilateral ovariectomy (N = 30), and bilateral ovariectomy, followed by subcutaneous injections of 17β-estradiol (50 µg/kg/day, N = 30). After 4 weeks, genital hemodynamics and vaginal secretions were measured after pelvic nerve stimulation, and the animals were then killed. The expression and cellular localization of AQP-1, AQP-2, endothelial NOS (e-NOS), and neuronal NOS (n-NOS) were determined in each group by immunohistochemistry and Western blot.

Main Outcome Measures
The expression and cellular localization of AQPs and NOS isoforms after estrogen deprivation.

Results
Estimated vaginal secretions (mg, mean ± standard error) were significantly lower in the ovariectomized group (2.9 ± 0.62) than in the control group (5.7 ± 1.25) and returned to the control value in the group after treatment with 17β-estradiol (6.5 ± 1.22) (P &lt; 0.05). Both AQP-1 and e-NOS immunoreactivities were localized in the capillaries and venules of the lamina propria of the vagina, and n-NOS was expressed in the nerve fibers of the subepithelial lamina propria. The expression of AQP-2 was localized solely in the superficial layer of the vaginal epithelium. The protein expressions of AQP-2, e-NOS, and n-NOS were significantly lower after ovariectomy and were restored to the control level after 17β-estradiol treatment. However, there was no significant change in AQP-1 expression.

Conclusions
Decreased vaginal secretion after estrogen deprivation may be partly due to functional changes in both AQPs and NOS isoforms in the vagina. The potential role of AQPs in water transport in the vagina might differ according to the type of AQP.
Male and Female Sexual Function After Surgical Repair of Female Organ Prolapse
Authors: Kuhn Annette , Brunnmayr Gudrun , Stadlmayr Werner , Kuhn Peter , Mueller Michael D. 
Published: March 2009

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Few data are available referring to male and female sexual function after prolapse repair of symptomatic pelvic organ.

Aim
Primary aim of this study is to determine the male and female sexual function before and after surgery for pelvic organ prolapse.

Main Outcome Measures
We used the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) questionnaire for female patients and for their male partners the Brief Male Sexual Inventory (BMSI) as measurement of sexual function.

Methods
We included sexually active heterosexual couples that were referred to the Department of Urogynaecology because of symptomatic cystocele, rectocele or vault descent. For cystoceles, anterior repair was performed, for rectoceles posterior repair, and for vault descent sacrospinous ligament fixation. FSFI and BMSI questionnaires were distributed before and after pelvic organ surgery and 4 months after. Female clinical examination assessing the degree of prolapse was performed before and 6 weeks after surgery.

Results
A full data set of 70 female questionnaires and 64 male questionnaires could be evaluated. Two cases of female de novo dyspareunia occurred. In women, FSFI scores improved significantly in the domains desire, arousal, lubrication, overall satisfaction, and particularly pain. Orgasm remained unchanged. In men, interest, sexual drive, and overall satisfaction improved significantly. Erection, ejaculatory function, and orgasm remained unchanged. Despite remaining unchanged, erection, strength of erection, ejaculation, and orgasm were not considered problems anymore compared to preoperative BMSI scores.

Conclusion
Surgery for pelvic organ prolapse improves male and female sexual function in some domains but not in all.
The Effect of the Mode of Delivery on the Quality of Life, Sexual Function, and Sexual Satisfaction in Primiparous Women and Their Husbands
Authors: Safarinejad Mohammad Reza , Kolahi Ali Asgar , Hosseini Ladan 
Published: March 2009

ABSTRACT
This article has been retracted: please see Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal (https://www.elsevier.com/about/our-business/policies/article-withdrawal).
This article has been retracted at the request of the Editor-in-Chief. Following the retraction of Dr. Safarinej ad’s work by other journals, The Journal of Sexual Medicine has undertaken an extensive re-review of all papers Dr. Safarinejad published with the journal. Following an intensive re-evaluation and close scrutiny of the manuscripts, our expert reviewers raised multiple concerning questions about the methodology, results, and statistical interpretation as presented in this article. Dr. Safarinejad was contacted to provide his original data and offer explanations to address the concerns expressed by the reviewers. Dr Safarinejad chose not to respond. The co-authors of the article have also been contacted and did not respond either. Consequently, we can no longer verify the results or methods as presented and therefore retract the article.
Cognitive Engineering for Geographic Information Science
Authors: Raubal Martin 
Published: March 2009

AbstractGeographic information science provides the foundation for the development of geospatial tools and services that support people in their spatio‐temporal decision‐making. In order to offer useful and useable solutions, principles of human spatial cognition regarding the representation and processing of spatial and temporal aspects of phenomena must be considered in the design of these tools. Suchcognitively engineeredgeospatial services aim for cognitive adequacy and therefore facilitation of user interaction. This article argues for the necessity of cognitive engineering methods in the field of geographic information science by explicating their theoretical foundation and demonstrating practical geospatial applications. It further provides a framework for classifying cognitive user parameters, which can be employed for the personalization of geospatial services.
Hyporheic Exchange in Mountain Rivers II: Effects of Channel Morphology on Mechanics, Scales, and Rates of Exchange
Authors: Buffington John M. , Tonina Daniele 
Published: March 2009

AbstractWe propose that the mechanisms driving hyporheic exchange vary systematically with different channel morphologies and associated fluvial processes that occur in mountain basins, providing a framework for examining physical controls on hyporheic environments and their spatial variation across the landscape. Furthermore, the spatial distribution of hyporheic environments within mountain catchments represents a nested hierarchy of process controls. Large‐scale process drivers (geology, climate, fire, and land use) impose a suite of watershed conditions (topography, streamflow, sediment supply, and vegetation) on the fluvial system. Different combinations of imposed watershed conditions result in different reach‐scale channel morphologies (e.g. step‐pool, pool‐riffle, and braided) that, in turn, structure hyporheic processes (e.g. pressure divergence, spatial variation of hydraulic conductivity) and resultant hyporheic environments (scales and rates of hyporheic exchange). Consequently, a holistic view of natural and anthropogenic drivers over a range of spatial and temporal scales is needed for understanding hyporheic ecosystems.
Hyporheic Exchange in Mountain Rivers I: Mechanics and Environmental Effects
Authors: Tonina Daniele , Buffington John M. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractHyporheic exchange is the mixing of surface and shallow subsurface water through porous sediment surrounding a river and is driven by spatial and temporal variations in channel characteristics (streambed pressure, bed mobility, alluvial volume and hydraulic conductivity). The significance of hyporheic exchange in linking fluvial geomorphology, groundwater, and riverine habitat for aquatic and terrestrial organisms has emerged in recent decades as an important component of conserving, managing, and restoring riverine ecosystems. Here, we review the causes and environmental effects of hyporheic exchange, and provide a simple mathematical framework for examining the mechanics of exchange. A companion paper explores the potential effects of channel morphology on exchange processes and the hyporheic environments that may result in mountain basins (Buffington and Tonina 2009).
Theorizing Borders in a ‘Borderless World’: Globalization, Territory and Identity
Authors: Diener Alexander C. , Hagen Joshua 
Published: March 2009

AbstractAlthough declarations or predictions of a borderless world have become somewhat ubiquitous over the last twenty years, state borders remain one of the most basic and visible features of the international system. While it is true that a range of issues, like environmental change, migration, or international trade, highlight the growing interaction and interdependence between different places around the world, borders continue to play a central role in shaping, dividing, and uniting the world's societies, economies, and ecosystems. Reflecting their significance for scholars across the social sciences, a growing body of multidisciplinary research has investigated the continuing power of borders in our supposedly borderless world. This article examines some of the main lines of inquiry, research, and theory in this emerging field of border studies.
Can Thromboelastography performed on kaolin‐activated citrated samples from critically ill patients provide stable and consistent parameters?
Authors: WHITE H. , ZOLLINGER C. , JONES M. , BIRD R. 
Published: March 2009

SummaryThromboelastography (TEG®) is a potentially useful tool but analysis within 4‐6 min of collection imposes limitations on its use and access. The use of citrate blood tubes potentially increases the time frame for processing specimens. There is, however, limited research on the stability of citrate specimens, timing of processing and the accuracy of TEG® results. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of early and delayed processing on TEG® parameters using kaolin‐activated citrated blood samples in the intensive care population. TEG® analysis was performed on 61 patients. Blood was collected into two 3.2% sodium citrate (0.105 m) tubes. Kaolin‐activated samples were analysed at 15, 30 and 120 min postcollection. TEG® parameters analysed included reaction time (R), clot formation time (K), alpha angle (α), maximum amplitude, LY30, the coagulation index, time to maximum rate of thrombus generation, maximum rate of thrombus generation and total thrombus generation. Sixty‐one critically ill patients were included. The results of the anova showed that time from collection was significantly associated with the TEG® results (P < 0.05). On comparison of individual outcome variables, this difference in most cases was due to changes over time from 30 to 120 min. Furthermore, progressive changes in TEG® parameters such as decreasing R were suggestive of a trend toward hypercoagulability of the specimens. Processing of kaolin‐activated citrate TEG® specimens can begin as early as 15 min postvenipuncture. However, delaying processing by more than 30 min leads to a significant change in results.
Antimycobacterial immune responses in patients with pulmonary sarcoidosis
Authors: Hörster Robert , Kirsten Detlef , Gaede Karoline Iris , Jafari Claudia , Strassburg Alan , Greinert Ulf , Kalsdorf Barbara , Ernst Martin , Lange Christoph 
Published: March 2009

AbstractIntroduction:  Sarcoidosis is a multisystem granulomatous disease of unknown origin. Pathogenetic involvement of Mycobacterium tuberculosis has frequently been discussed in the aetiology of sarcoidosis; however, studies still remain contradictory.Objective:  We addressed the question of mycobacterial involvement in the pathogenesis of sarcoidosis by analysing cellular immune responses to mycobacterial antigens.Methods:  We examined the interferon (IFN)‐γ production by enzyme‐linked immunospot in response to purified protein derivate (PPD) mycobacterial‐specific antigen early secretory antigenic target (ESAT)‐6 and culture filtrate protein (CFP)‐10 by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and bronchoalveolar‐lavage mononuclear cells (BALMCs) of patients with pulmonary sarcoidosis, smear‐negative tuberculosis and controls.Results:  Release of IFN‐γ in response to ex vivo contact with PPD, ESAT‐6 or CFP‐10 by BALMC and PBMC were comparable among patients with sarcoidosis and controls (PBMC P = 0.2326; BALMC P = 0.1767) and were less frequently observed in both groups compared to patients with tuberculosis (BALMC P < 0.05; PBMC P < 0.0001). Within PBMC, the immunophenotype of sarcoidosis patients differed from that of patients with tuberculosis, as well as from that of controls, while within BALMC it resembled that of patients with tuberculosis.Conclusion:  In contrast to patients with tuberculosis, the frequency of mycobacteria‐specific local and systemic immune responses is not elevated in patients with sarcoidosis when compared to controls. The immunophenotype represents the local resemblance of the granulomatous reaction underlying tuberculosis and sarcoidosis while showing systemical difference. These observations do not support a role of an infection with M. tuberculosis in the pathogenesis of sarcoidosis.Please cite this paper as: Hörster R, Kirsten D, Gaede KI, Jafari C, Strassburg A, Greinert U, Kalsdorf B, Ernst M and Lange C. Antimycobacterial immune responses in patients with pulmonary sarcoidosis. The Clinical Respiratory Journal 2009; 3: 229–238.
Prevalence and predictors of undiagnosed chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in a Norwegian adult general population
Authors: Hvidsten Sophie Charlotte , Storesund Lene , Wentzel‐Larsen Tore , Gulsvik Amund , Lehmann Sverre 
Published: March 2009

AbstractObjectives:  To determine the prevalence and predictors of undiagnosed chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in Norway.Methods:  An age and gender stratified random sample of all adults aged 47–48 and 71–73 years in Bergen, Norway, were invited. The 3506 participants filled in questionnaires including symptoms of COPD, smoking, socio‐economic status, self‐rated health and cardiac co‐morbidity. Spirometry was performed before and after inhalation of 400 µg of salbutamol. COPD was defined as post‐bronchodilator forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) / forced vital capacity (FVC) < 0.7 whereas diagnosed COPD was defined as having received treatment for obstructive lung disease the last year.Results:  Three hundred‐three persons (9%) were classified as having COPD, and the undiagnosed fraction was 66%. In multiple logistic regression analysis, including multiple imputation, predictors of undiagnosed COPD were absence of COPD symptoms [odds ratio (OR) 6.92, P = 0.001], and self‐report of being in good/excellent health (OR 2.39, P = 0.005). When post‐bronchodilator FEV1 was added to the analysis, undiagnosed disease was predicted by pack years [OR 1.21 (1.01–1.47) per 10 pack‐year increase, P = 0.043], and close to normal lung function [OR 1.48 (1.22–1.80) per 10% increase in post‐bronchodilator FEV1 % predicted, P < 0.001]. Anthropometrical variables, socio‐economic status and cardiac co‐morbidity were not associated with having undiagnosed COPD.Conclusion:  Two out of three COPD patients in Norway are undiagnosed. Risk factors for being undiagnosed are moderate reduction in lung function, absence of COPD symptoms and self‐report of being in good health.Please cite this paper as: Hvidsten SC, Storesund L, Wentzel‐Larsen T, Gulsvik A and Lehmann S. Prevalence and predictors of undiagnosed chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in a Norwegian adult general population. The Clinical Respiratory Journal 2009; DOI:10.1111/j.1752‐699X.2009.00137.x.
Screening, prevention and treatment of osteoporosis in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease – a population‐based database study
Authors: Madsen Hanne , Brixen Kim , Hallas Jesper 
Published: March 2009

AbstractIntroduction:  A common extrapulmonary effect to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is osteoporosis.Objectives:  To characterise the diagnostic activity regarding osteoporosis [i.e. the use of dual‐energy X‐ray absorptiometry (DXA)] and the pattern of applied pharmacological intervention to prevent fractures in COPD patients in relation to the use of prednisolone.Methods:  This study was a register study covering the residents of the Danish County of Funen linking data from Odense Pharmacoepidemiologic Database (OPED), a DXA‐database and Funen Patient Administrative System, a database with data on hospitals admissions. OPED has complete capture of fulfilled prescriptions. We identified 1909 COPD patients admitted with a main diagnosis of COPD. Using OPED we extracted prescriptions for prednisolone and antiresorptive medicine from these COPD patients for the year 2004.Results:  COPD patients who had filled a prescription for prednisolone (P‐COPD) were DXA‐scanned more frequently (17%) than those who had not (non‐P‐COPD) (9%) and were prescribed antiresorptive medicine more often (27%) than non‐P‐COPD (16%). In both groups 94% were either osteopenic or osteoporotic. Logistic regression models predicted that DXA‐scans were offered to women, to the young, to the recipients of high systemic steroid doses and to those with frequent admission for COPD. Given an osteoporosis diagnosis, treatment was offered to those with high steroid doses and those with frequent admissions for COPD.Conclusion:  DXA are underutilised compared with the high frequency of osteoporosis or osteopenia in DXA‐scanned hospitalised COPD patients, especially in elderly. Guidelines concerning screening, prevention and treatment of osteoporosis in COPD patients with or without glucocorticoid treatment are needed.Please cite this paper as: Madsen H, Brixen K and Hallas J. Screening, prevention and treatment of osteoporosis in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease – a population‐based database study. The Clinical Respiratory Journal 2009; DOI:10.1111/j.1752‐699X.2009.00138.x.