bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Extending the Time Window for Endovascular Procedures According to Collateral Pial Circulation
Authors: Ribo Marc , Flores Alan , Rubiera Marta , Pagola Jorge , Sargento-Freitas Joao , Rodriguez-Luna David , Coscojuela Pilar , Maisterra Olga , Piñeiro Socorro , Romero Francisco J. , Alvarez-Sabin Jose , Molina Carlos A. 
Published: September 2011

Background and Purpose—
Good collateral pial circulation (CPC) predicts a favorable outcome in patients undergoing intra-arterial procedures. We aimed to determine if CPC status may be used to decide about pursuing recanalization efforts.

Methods—
Pial collateral score (0–5) was determined on initial angiogram. We considered good CPC when pial collateral score <3, defined total time of ischemia (TTI) as onset-to-recanalization time, and clinical improvement >4-point decline in admission–discharge National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale.

Results—

We studied CPC in 61 patients (31 middle cerebral artery, 30 internal carotid artery). Good CPC patients (n=21 [34%]) had lower discharge National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score (7 versus 21;
P
=0.02) and smaller infarcts (56 mL versus 238 mL;
P
<0.001). In poor CPC patients, a receiver operating characteristic curve defined a TTI cutoff point <300 minutes (sensitivity 67%, specificity 75%) that better predicted clinical improvement (TTI <300: 66.7% versus TTI >300: 25%;
P
=0.05). For good CPC patients, no temporal cutoff point could be defined. Although clinical improvement was similar for patients recanalizing within 300 minutes (poor CPC: 60% versus good CPC: 85.7%;
P
=0.35), the likelihood of clinical improvement was 3-fold higher after 300 minutes only in good CPC patients (23.1% versus 90.1%;
P
=0.01). Similarly, infarct volume was reduced 7-fold in good as compared with poor CPC patients only when TTI >300 minutes (TTI <300: poor CPC: 145 mL versus good CPC: 93 mL;
P
=0.56 and TTI >300: poor CPC: 217 mL versus good CPC: 33 mL;
P
<0.01). After adjusting for age and baseline National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score, TTI <300 emerged as an independent predictor of clinical improvement in poor CPC patients (OR, 6.6; 95% CI, 1.01–44.3;
P
=0.05) but not in good CPC patients. In a logistic regression, good CPC independently predicted clinical improvement after adjusting for TTI, admission National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score, and age (OR, 12.5; 95% CI, 1.6–74.8;
P
=0.016).

Conclusions—
Good CPC predicts better clinical response to intra-arterial treatment beyond 5 hours from onset. In patients with stroke receiving endovascular treatment, identification of good CPC may help physicians when considering pursuing recanalization efforts in late time windows.
Effects of 24-Hour Blood Pressure and Heart Rate Recorded With Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring on Recovery From Acute Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Tomii Yasuhiro , Toyoda Kazunori , Suzuki Rieko , Naganuma Masaki , Fujinami Jun , Yokota Chiaki , Minematsu Kazuo 
Published: September 2011

Background and Purpose—
This study used ambulatory blood pressure (BP) monitoring to generate BP and heart rate (HR) profiles soon after stroke onset and evaluated the association between determined values and 3-month stroke outcomes.

Methods—
We analyzed 24-hour ambulatory BP monitoring records from 104 patients with acute ischemic stroke. Ambulatory BP monitoring was attached at the second and eighth hospitalization days (Days 1 and 7). Both BP and HR were characterized using baseline, mean, maximum, and minimum values and coefficient of variation during 24-hour recording periods. Outcomes at 3 months were assessed as independence according to a modified Rankin Scale score of ≤2 and poor according to the score of ≥5.

Results—
Sixty-six (63%) patients achieved independence and 12 (11%) had poor outcomes. Mean ambulatory BP monitoring values changed from 150.5±19.5/85.7±11.3 mm Hg on Day 1 to 139.6±19.3/80.0±11.7 mm Hg on Day 7. After multivariate adjustment, mean values of systolic BP (OR, 0.63; 95% CI, 0.45–0.85), diastolic BP (0.61; 0.37–0.98), pulse pressure (0.55; 0.33–0.85), and HR (0.61; 0.37–0.98) recorded on Day 1 as well as mean HR on Day 7 (0.47; 0.23–0.87) were inversely associated with independence and mean values of systolic BP (1.92; 1.15–3.68), diastolic BP (5.28; 1.92–22.85), and HR (4.07; 1.83–11.88) on Day 1 as well as mean HR on Day 7 (4.92; 1.36–36.99) were positively associated with a poor outcome.

Conclusions—
All of systolic BP, diastolic BP, pulse pressure, and HR on Day 1 and HR on Day 7 assessed using ambulatory BP monitoring were associated with outcomes of patients with stroke at 3 months.
Retrieval of Aerosol Optical Depth above Clouds from OMI Observations: Sensitivity Analysis and Case Studies
Authors: Torres Omar , Jethva Hiren , Bhartia P. K. 
Published: September 2011

Abstract
A large fraction of the atmospheric aerosol load reaching the free troposphere is frequently located above low clouds. Most commonly observed aerosols above clouds are carbonaceous particles generally associated with biomass burning and boreal forest fires, and mineral aerosols originating in arid and semiarid regions and transported across large distances, often above clouds. Because these aerosols absorb solar radiation, their role in the radiative transfer balance of the earth–atmosphere system is especially important. The generally negative (cooling) top-of-the-atmosphere direct effect of absorbing aerosols may turn into warming when the light-absorbing particles are located above clouds. The actual effect depends on the aerosol load and the single scattering albedo, and on the geometric cloud fraction. In spite of its potential significance, the role of aerosols above clouds is not adequately accounted for in the assessment of aerosol radiative forcing effects due to the lack of measurements. This paper discusses the basis of a simple technique that uses near-UV observations to simultaneously derive the optical depth of both the aerosol layer and the underlying cloud for overcast conditions. The two-parameter retrieval method described here makes use of the UV aerosol index and reflectance measurements at 388 nm. A detailed sensitivity analysis indicates that the measured radiances depend mainly on the aerosol absorption exponent and aerosol–cloud separation. The technique was applied to above-cloud aerosol events over the southern Atlantic Ocean, yielding realistic results as indicated by indirect evaluation methods. An error analysis indicates that for typical overcast cloudy conditions and aerosol loads, the aerosol optical depth can be retrieved with an accuracy of approximately 54% whereas the cloud optical depth can be derived within 17% of the true value.
Efficacy of perceptive rehabilitation in the treatment of chronic nonspecific low back pain through a new tool: a randomized clinical study
Authors: Morone Giovanni , Iosa Marco , Paolucci Teresa , Fusco Augusto , Alcuri Rosaria , Spadini Ennio , Saraceni Vincenzo Maria , Paolucci Stefano 
Published: September 2011

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of a perceptive rehabilitative approach, based on a new device, with regard to pain and disability in patients with chronic nonspecific low back pain. Design: Single blind, randomized, controlled trial. Setting: An outpatient academic hospital. Patients: Seventy-five patients with chronic low back pain. Interventions: Patients were randomized into three groups. Twenty-five subjects received 10 sessions in one month, based on specific perceptive exercises that were performed on a suitably developed device. Twenty-five patients entered a Back School programme. Twenty-five patients comprised a control group that received the same medical and pharmacological assistance as the other groups. Main outcome measures: Pain was assessed using the Visual Analogue Scale and McGill Pain Questionnaire. Disability was evaluated using the Oswestry Disability Index and Waddell Disability Index. All measurements were recorded before treatment, at the end of the study, and at 12 and 24 weeks. Results: General pain relief was recorded in all the groups, which was elicited more quickly in the perceptive treatment group; significant differences in pain scores were observed at the end of treatment ( P < 0.001 for visual analogue scale and P = 0.001 for Questionnaire) versus the other groups. Disability scores in the perceptive group did not differ significantly from those in the other group, whereas these scores significantly differed between Back School and control groups at the follow-ups ( P < 0.01 for both scales). Conclusion: Perceptive rehabilitation has immediate positive effects on pain. Back School reduces disabilities at follow-up.
Primary headache syndromes in systemic mastocytosis
Authors: Smith Jonathan H , Butterfield Joseph H , Cutrer F Michael 
Published: September 2011

Aim: To investigate the relationship between clinical mast cell activity and primary headache syndromes. Methods: We surveyed individuals with systemic mastocytosis, an uncommon disorder associated with increased mast cell activity. Diagnoses of primary headache syndromes in addition to the relationship of headache and symptoms of mastocytosis were ascertained. Results: A response rate of 64/148 (43.2%) was achieved. Headache diagnoses in our respondents (n = 64) were largely migraine (37.5%) and tension-type headaches (17.2%). Typical aura with and without migraine headache was highly represented in our patient population (n = 25, 39%). Three individuals met criteria for primary cough headache (4.7%). Symptoms reflective of mast cell activity were significantly greater in individuals reporting headaches. Patients experiencing headache concurrently with mastocytosis flairs were more likely to be male (p = 0.002), have histaminergic symptoms, such as itching (p = 0.02) and runny nose (p = 0.03), and have unilateral cranial autonomic features (p = 0.04). However, using standardized International Headache Society criteria, we did not identify individuals with cluster headache or other trigeminal autonomic cephalalgias in this population. Conclusions: Our observational survey-based data supports a clinical relationship between mast cell activity and primary headache syndromes. Generalizability of our results is limited by the low response rate and possible tertiary referral bias.
Prevalence of trigeminal neuralgia and persistent idiopathic facial pain: A population-based study
Authors: Mueller Daniel , Obermann Mark , Yoon Min-Suk , Poitz Franziska , Hansen Niels , Slomke Marc-Andre , Dommes Peter , Gizewski Elke , Diener Hans-Christoph , Katsarava Zaza 
Published: September 2011

Objective: To estimate the lifetime prevalence of trigeminal neuralgia (TN) and persistent idiopathic facial pain (PIFP) in a population-based sample in Germany. Methods: A total of 3336 responders of 6000 contacted inhabitants of the city of Essen in Germany were screened using a self-assessment questionnaire. 327 individuals, who reported recurrent facial pain and randomly selected 150 (5% of 3009) screening negative subjects, received a phone interview by one of six neurologists and if necessary a face-to-face examination. Those with suspected TN or PIFP following the phone interview underwent neurological examination by two neurologists who were unaware of the presumed diagnosis. A random group of 25 (10% of 247) phone interview negative subjects was examined face-to-face. All suspected cases of PIFP received otorhinolaryngological examination and diagnostic cranial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). In TN patients the number of vessel-nerve contacts was determined by thin-slice cranial MRI. Results: Lifetime prevalence of TN was estimated to be 0.3% [10 of 3336; 95% CI 0.1–0.5%], of PIFP 0.03% [1 of 3336; 95% CI < 0.08%]. Thin-slice cranial MRI detected five vessel-nerve contacts and no symptomatic lesions in the 10 TN patients. Conclusions: This large population-based study revealed that TN and PIFP are rare facial pain disorders.
Multilingual Dramas at the Tanjavur Maratha Court and Literary Cultures in Early Modern South India
Authors: Peterson Indira Viswanathan 
Published: September 2011

This article examines literary multilingualism at the South Indian Maratha court of Tanjavur (aka Thanjavur) (1675–1855), where the Telugu yakṫagāna dance–drama, a Nayaka legacy, developed into a polyglot form and the premier literary and performance genre. Composed in Telugu, Tamil, Marathi, Sanskrit and Bhā ṫā (Hindi), and in combinations of these languages, Tanjavur yaksagānas were performed at court and temple. This article argues that these dramas both embodied and self-consciously represented the encounter of languages and literary cultures. The privileging of performance and the application of Tamil–Telugu formal conventions to Marathi, Sanskrit and Bhā ṫā resulted in the evolution of a hybrid, polyglot ‘vernacular’ literary culture, one which was simultaneously local and cosmopolitan, and in which differences were muted. At the same time, the dialogic texts and tropes of the polyglot dramas served as playful, imaginative representations of interlingual and inter-cultural encounter, often emphasizing the irreducible plurality of language and culture. Both aspects of the Maratha court’s performative multilingual-ism entailed the aestheticization of language in ways that contrast with other models posited for relations between languages and literary cultures in pre- and early modern South Asia, characterized by the linkage of lan-guage and region, and by hierarchy (cosmopolitan/vernacular) and con-testations for power.
Short-term effect of motivational interviewing on clinical and psychological outcomes and health-related quality of life in cardiac rehabilitation patients with poor motivation in Hong Kong: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Chair Sek Ying , Chan Sally Wai-Chi , Thompson David R , Leung Kei-Pui , Ng Samuel Ka-Chiu , Choi Kai Chow 
Published: September 2011

Abstract

Background
Motivational interviewing (MI) is effective in promoting behavioural changes in patients with substance abuse and smoking. However, its effectiveness on health outcomes in cardiac rehabilitation patients is unclear.

Design
A randomized controlled trial.

Method
A total of 146 patients assessed as having poor motivation attended a cardiac rehabilitation programme from February 2008 to June 2010. Patients (n = 73) in the control group received usual care while those in the experimental group (n = 73) received usual care plus four sessions of MI, each lasting 30–45 min. Clinical and psychological outcomes and health-related quality of life were measured at baseline and 3 months after entering the programme. Descriptive statistics, independent t-test, Pearson Chi-squared test, and generalized estimating equations models were used to analyse the data.

Results
There was no significant difference between the two groups on clinical outcomes (all p-values &gt;0.05). Patients in the experimental group had higher increases in health-related quality of life (SF-36) scores in the aspects of general health (4.74, 95% CI 0.04–9.44; p = 0.048) and role limitation due to emotional problems (8.80, 95% CI 1.16–16.43; p = 0.024). However, they reported significantly higher increases in anxiety levels (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale) than those in the control group (0.96, 95% CI 0.09–1.83; p = 0.030).

Conclusion
The short-term effectiveness of MI on clinical outcomes and health-related quality of life in poorly motivated cardiac rehabilitation patients is limited. MI, however, was shown to increase anxiety levels of patients during the study period (3 months). More evidence is needed to better understand this phenomenon in the future studies.
Human microRNA-27a* targets Prf1 and GzmB expression to regulate NK-cell cytotoxicity
Authors: Kim Tae-Don , Lee Su Ui , Yun Sohyun , Sun Hu-Nan , Lee Suk Hyung , Kim Jae Wha , Kim Hwan Mook , Park Song-Kyu , Lee Chang Woo , Yoon Suk Ran , Greenberg Philip D. , Choi Inpyo 
Published: September 2011

AbstractPerforin (Prf1) and granzyme B (GzmB) are essential effector molecules for natural killer (NK)–cell cytotoxicity, but how Prf1 and GzmB expression is regulated during arming of NK cells is poorly defined. We show that human microRNA (miR)–27a* is a negative regulator of NK-cell cytotoxicity by silencing Prf1 and GzmB expression. Human miR-27a* specifically bound to the 3′ untranslated regions of Prf1 and GzmB, down-regulating expression in both resting and activated NK cells, and it functioned as a fine-tuner for homeostasis of the net amount of the effector proteins. Consistent with miR-27a* having an inhibitory role, knockdown of miR-27a* in NK cells dramatically increased cytotoxicity in vitro and decreased tumor growth in a human tumor xenograft model. Thus, NK-cell cytotoxicity is regulated, in part, by microRNA, and modulating endogenous miR-27a* levels in NK cells represents a potential immunotherapeutic strategy.
In vivo structure/function and expression analysis of the CX3C chemokine fractalkine
Authors: Kim Ki-Wook , Vallon-Eberhard Alexandra , Zigmond Ehud , Farache Julia , Shezen Elias , Shakhar Guy , Ludwig Andreas , Lira Sergio A. , Jung Steffen 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThe CX3C chemokine family is composed of only one member, CX3CL1, also known as fractalkine, which in mice is the sole ligand of the G protein-coupled, 7-transmembrane receptor CX3CR1. Unlike classic small peptide chemokines, CX3CL1 is synthesized as a membrane-anchored protein that can promote integrin-independent adhesion. Subsequent cleavage by metalloproteases, either constitutive or induced, can generate shed CX3CL1 entities that potentially have chemoattractive activity. To study the CX3C interface in tissues of live animals, we generated transgenic mice (CX3CL1cherry:CX3CR1gfp), which express red and green fluorescent reporter genes under the respective control of the CX3CL1 and CX3CR1 promoters. Furthermore, we performed a structure/function analysis to differentiate the in vivo functions of membrane-tethered versus shed CX3CL1 moieties by comparing their respective ability to correct established defects in macrophage function and leukocyte survival in CX3CL1-deficient mice. Specifically, expression of CX3CL1105Δ, an obligatory soluble CX3CL1 isoform, reconstituted the formation of transepithelial dendrites by intestinal macrophages but did not rescue circulating Ly6Clo CX3CR1hi blood monocytes in CX3CR1gfp/gfp mice. Instead, monocyte survival required the full-length membrane-anchored CX3CL1, suggesting differential activities of tethered and shed CX3CL1 entities.
Frequent loss of HLA alleles associated with copy number-neutral 6pLOH in acquired aplastic anemia
Authors: Katagiri Takamasa , Sato-Otsubo Aiko , Kashiwase Koichi , Morishima Satoko , Sato Yusuke , Mori Yuka , Kato Motohiro , Sanada Masashi , Morishima Yasuo , Hosokawa Kohei , Sasaki Yumi , Ohtake Shigeki , Ogawa Seishi , Nakao Shinji ,   on behalf of the Japan Marrow Donor Program
Published: September 2011

AbstractIdiopathic aplastic anemia (AA) is a common cause of acquired BM failure. Although autoimmunity to hematopoietic progenitors is thought to be responsible for its pathogenesis, little is known about the molecular basis of this autoimmunity. Here we show that a substantial proportion of AA patients harbor clonal hematopoiesis characterized by the presence of acquired copy number-neutral loss of heterozygosity (CNN-LOH) of the 6p arms (6pLOH). The 6pLOH commonly involved the HLA locus, leading to loss of one HLA haplotype. Loss of HLA-A expression from multiple lineages of leukocytes was confirmed by flow cytometry in all 6pLOH(+) cases. Surprisingly, the missing HLA-alleles in 6pLOH(+) clones were conspicuously biased to particular alleles, including HLA-A*02:01, A*02:06, A*31:01, and B*40:02. A large-scale epidemiologic study on the HLA alleles of patients with various hematologic diseases revealed that the 4 HLA alleles were over-represented in the germline of AA patients. These findings indicate that the 6pLOH(+) hematopoiesis found in AA represents “escapes” hematopoiesis from the autoimmunity, which is mediated by cytotoxic T cells that target the relevant auto-antigens presented on hematopoietic progenitors through these class I HLAs. Our results provide a novel insight into the genetic basis of the pathogenesis of AA.
Thrombocytopenia resulting from mutations in filamin A can be expressed as an isolated syndrome
Authors: Nurden Paquita , Debili Najet , Coupry Isabelle , Bryckaert Marijke , Youlyouz-Marfak Ibtissam , Solé Guilhem , Pons Anne-Cécile , Berrou Eliane , Adam Frédéric , Kauskot Alexandre , Lamazière Jean-Marie Daniel , Rameau Philippe , Fergelot Patricia , Rooryck Caroline , Cailley Dorothée , Arveiler Benoît , Lacombe Didier , Vainchenker William , Nurden Alan , Goizet Cyril 
Published: September 2011

AbstractFilaminopathies A caused by mutations in the X-linked FLNA gene are responsible for a wide spectrum of rare diseases including 2 main phenotypes, the X-linked dominant form of periventricular nodular heterotopia (FLNA-PVNH) and the otopalatodigital syndrome spectrum of disorders. In platelets, filamin A (FLNa) tethers the principal receptors ensuring the platelet–vessel wall interaction, glycoprotein Ibα and integrin αIIbβ3, to the underlying cytoskeleton. Hemorrhage, coagulopathy, and thrombocytopenia are mentioned in several reports on patients with FLNA-PVNH. Abnormal platelet morphology in 2 patients with FLNA-PVNH prompted us to examine a third patient with similar platelet morphology previously diagnosed with immunologic thrombocytopenic purpura. Her enlarged platelets showed signs of FLNa degradation in Western blotting, and a heterozygous missense mutation in FLNA was detected. An irregular distribution of FLNa within the total platelet population was shown by confocal microscopy for all 3 patients. In vitro megakaryocyte cultures showed an abnormal differentiation, including an irregular distribution of FLNa with a frayed aspect, the presence of enlarged α-granules, and an abnormal fragmentation of the cytoplasm. Mutations in FLNA may represent an unrecognized cause of macrothrombocytopenia with an altered platelet production and a modified platelet–vessel wall interaction.
SIV infection of rhesus macaques results in dysfunctional T- and B-cell responses to neo and recall Leishmania major vaccination
Authors: Klatt Nichole R. , Vinton Carol L. , Lynch Rebecca M. , Canary Lauren A. , Ho Jason , Darrah Patricia A. , Estes Jacob D. , Seder Robert A. , Moir Susan L. , Brenchley Jason M. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractHIV infection is characterized by immune system dysregulation, including depletion of CD4+ T cells, immune activation, and abnormal B- and T-cell responses. However, the immunologic mechanisms underlying lymphocytic dysfunctionality and whether it is restricted to immune responses against neo antigens, recall antigens, or both is unclear. Here, we immunized SIV-infected and uninfected rhesus macaques to induce immune responses against neo and recall antigens using a Leishmania major polyprotein (MML) vaccine given with poly-ICLC adjuvant. We found that vaccinated SIVuninfected animals induced high frequencies of polyfunctional MML-specific CD4+ T cells. However, in SIV-infected animals, CD4+ T-cell functionality decreased after both neo (P = .0025) and recall (P = .0080) MML vaccination. Furthermore, after SIV infection, the frequency of MML-specific antibody-secreting classic memory B cells was decreased compared with vaccinated, SIV-uninfected animals. Specifically, antibody-secreting classic memory B cells that produced IgA in response to either neo (P = .0221) or recall (P = .0356) MML vaccinations were decreased. Furthermore, we found that T-follicular helper cells, which are essential for priming B cells, are preferentially infected with SIV. These data indicate that SIV infection results in dysfunctional T-cell responses to neo and recall vaccinations, and direct SIV infection of T-follicular helper cells, both of which probably contribute to deficient B-cell responses and, presumably, susceptibility to certain opportunistic infections.