bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of Feature Histograms and Co-occurrence Matrix on Analysis of the Light Spectrum Effect for Identification of Surface Roughness with Speckle Images
Authors: Bustomi M A , Utama E W 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Speckle imaging is a technique that can be used for digital image analysis. Speckle imaging technology essentially uses a laser to create a pattern of dots through the laser’s interference with an object. The advantage of speckle photography is that it is safe and does not require direct contact with the subject. In this study, speckle imaging techniques were used to analyze the surface roughness of objects. Speckle imaging techniques are used to investigate the influence of the choice of laser spectrum on the determination of the surface roughness of an object. For objects with rough surfaces, it comes in 80 sheets of coarse sandpaper and 2000 sheets of fine sandpaper. This study aims to compare the accuracy of identification results using Histogram Features and Co-occurrence Matrix Features when analyzing the influence of laser wavelength on object spot image identification. The research procedures included identifying rough objects, collecting point image data on rough surfaces using a series of experiments, pre-processing the point images, extracting features using histograms and co-occurrence matrices, and using a naive Bayes classifier. It includes determining surface roughness and performing comparisons between them. The resulting feature histogram and feature appearance matrix. This study shows that the use of Histogram Features and coexistence matrix features yields similar conclusions regarding the influence of the laser beam spectrum in determining the surface roughness of an object. The difference between Histogram Features and Co-occurrence Matrix Features lies in the pattern of detection results. Differences in the detection result patterns may be caused by differences in the characteristics of the Histogram Features and Co-occurrence Matrix Features of each speckle image used in the study. Although the detection result patterns of the Histogram Feature amount and the Co-occurrence Matrix feature amount are different, the accuracy of the detection result is equivalent. The similarity in the accuracy of the detection results may be caused by the similarity in the effectiveness of the two features in detecting the speckle image pattern.
Preliminary Study of Resonance Systems States in Surface Plasmon Resonance Systems
Authors: Faza R. A. , Chalimah S. , Sudarsono S. , Yudoyono G. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Resonance between light and collective electrons is known as Surface Plasmon Resonance or SPR. The development of SPR-based sensors can generate the use of a Kretschmann configuration prism. Otto configuration dielectric medium between prism and gold thin film. For the Kretschmann configuration, a gold thin film between the prism and dielectric medium. So, this research focuses on the use of the Kretschmann configuration in the SPR system because the setup of the half-cylindrical prism is less complicated than using the Otto configuration. In this research, we compare the reflectance of an uncoated half-cylindrical prism and a half-cylindrical prism coated with a gold thin film to see the resonance effect. The beam reflected by the back surface of the prism was detected using a photodiode sensor (OPT-101, Texas Instruments). The photodiode sensor is connected to Arduino Uno, and the voltage reading results are processed with Arduino Ide software. Adjusting the He-Ne laser light’s angle of incidence and the prism’s angle of impact 30° – 50°. The experimental results show that the TIR (total internal reflection) phenomenon occurs in half-cylindrical prisms without a gold coating. Meanwhile, in the half-cylindrical prism coated with gold, a resonance phenomenon can be seen, this case, at a particular angle of incidence, can be detected through a reduction in the beam’s intensity of the reflected light. The photodiode sensor detects a decrease in voltage value, which indicates an intensity decrease, which was originally 4.34 volts to 2.52 volts when the incident angle of the light beam was 45°.
The evaluation of Indigofera seed production and quality in different environments
Authors: Sari E D , Abdullah L , Kumalasari N R , Fanindi A 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Seed production and quality are pivotal factors in the success of Indigofera cultivation as forage crop for livestock. This study aims to evaluate the seed production and quality of Indigofera in different environments of Seed Production Unit (SPU). Seven distinct SPU’s, namely BPPIB-TSP Bunikasih, BBIB Singosari, BPTU-HPT Denpasar, BPTU-HPT Pelaihari, BPTU-HPT Sembawa, BBPTU-HPT Baturraden, and CV Cahaya Baru Semarang selected as the observed locations. Environmental data pertaining to elevation (m a.s.l.), annual rainfall (mm/year), temperature (°C), humidity (%), and light intensity (Lumen-hour) were collected for each unit. Seed production parameters were seed yield (g) and seed weight (g per 1,000 seeds). Seed quality parameters encompassed water content (%), purity (%), and viability (%). The analysis in this study involved assessing the mean differences in these parameters through the application of analysis of variance (ANOVA). The result showed the seed production and quality were diverse across SPUs, with BPTU-HPT Sembawa and CV Cahaya Baru Semarang demonstrating outstanding seed production, while BPTU-HPT Pelaihari maintains high-quality standards. The highest positive correlation emerged between elevation and water content (r = 0.72), highlighting the influence of altitude on the moisture content of seeds. The strongest negative correlation was observed between temperature and water content (r = -0.76), emphasizing the role of temperature in drying seeds.
Analysis of added value and market share in porang value chain in wonogiri regency
Authors: Handayani S M , Widadie F , Rahayu E S , Irianto H , Setyowati  , Sundari M T , Rachmanto F 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Porang is an agricultural commodity with high economic value recently. However, the high economic value does not have much impact on farmers due to low added value and market share. This study aimed to analyse the added value and market share of the porang value chain in Wonogiri regency. Cost, and marketing margin were examined to determine each actor’s added value and market share in the chains of Porang in Wonoiri. Data was collected through interviews with all chain actors, such as farmers, rural collectors at the village and district level, wholesalers, and processors. The results show that the highest added value and market share of Porang is in a processor, with 97.88% and 95.14%, respectively. While the lowest one is in farmers, there are no added value activities, and the market share is 5.84%. There is a big gap in added value and market share among actors in the Porang value chains. Strategies to upgrade velue chains at farmer level are to upgrade governance structures, added value activities, and network structures.
Potential of nitrogen-fixing and phosphate-solubilizing rhizobacteria from indigenous dryland flora
Authors: Maulida E I , Cahyono O , Yunus A. , Dewi W S 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Rhizobacteria inhabit the root area of flora and can act as nitrogen fixers and phosphate solvents. This study aims to determine the potential of indigenous dryland rhizobacteria for fixing dissolved nitrogen and phosphate in an artificial medium. Rhizobacteria isolated from rice varieties Inpago 12 and understorey (Eleusine indica L.) have the potential for nitrogen fixation and phosphate solubility. The outcome of morphological observations obtained two types of NFB isolates from each isolate source, while PSB obtained three types of isolates. The highest total NFB population was in the T1J1 isolate at 1.46 x 105 CFU/g, while the highest PSB was in the U2P2 isolate at 8.2 x 104 CFU/g. Further study is needed to determine the potential of rhizobacteria from rice varieties Inpago 12 and understorey (Eleusine indica L.) in dryland for quantitative nitrogen fixation and phosphate solubility.
Exploration and Characterization of Johar (Cassia siamea) Accession as a Source of Raw Material for Antimalaria Drug
Authors: Widiyastuti Yuli , Subositi Dyah , Haryanti Sari , Mujahid R , Siswanto Usman 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Johar is a medicinal plant belonging to the Fabaceae family, often planted as a roadside shade. Empirically, johar leaf is used for traditional medicine, including malaria, itching, scabies, diabetes, fever, wounds, and tonic. The active compound responsible for the antimalarial activity, Casiarine A, has been successfully isolated and identified from the johar leaf. The availability of johar plants with a high content of Casiarine A as the active compound is very necessary. For this reason, exploration and characterization of johar were carried out to provide superior accessions with high biomass production and bioactive compound content. The research was conducted in an exploratory accession of the plants from certain Central and East Java areas. The sample plants were morphologically characterized, and productivity tests were investigated, including the simplicia dry yield, total extract content, and phytochemical profile. The results showed that 13 johar accessions were obtained from 13 growing regions with similar morphological characters. The main differences observed were in the size, color, and shape of the leaves. The growth location affects dry yield, total extract content, and phytochemical profile. Based on the measured parameters, Johar accessions were grouped into lowland, midland, and highland clusters according to their growth locations.
Pedological Factors, Classification, Physical-Chemical Properties and Management Strategies of Inceptisols in the Boca Formation of Temanggung, Cetral Java, Indonesia (Study: Horticultural Land Management)
Authors: Fauziah L 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The purpose of this research is to see the development of soil and management strategy of the boca formation in the Temanggung, Central Java, Indonesia. The boca range in Temanggung are hills located in Danurejo, Central Java, which are part of the old Sumbing mountain formation. This area is thought to be an intrusion area of cracks from the old Sumbing mountain, located at the foot of the mountain between Sumbing and Sindoro mountains. The boca formation is located at 705.9 m above sea level (m asl), in general the Boca formation consists of breccia, andesite, anglomerate and tuff. Vegetation that grows in the boca range includes bamboo and cotton. Soil genesis in the boca range has not yet reached an advanced stage of development characterized by the formation of an argillic horizon. The observed soil shows a diagnostic horizon, the cambic horizon. The soil acidity level (pH 5-6.5), falls into the slightly acidic class, with a texture dominated by geluhan. Based on the data obtained through field survey and laboratory analysis, the soils in the boca range are classified into Inceptisols based on USDA, Cambisols based on PPT and Cambisols based on WRB with ustic regime.
Theory
Authors: Dierking Ingo , Martins Figueiredo Neto Antônio 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
In this chapter we will revise some basic aspects of the Onsager and the Landau–de Gennes theories to describe the nematic to isotropic and nematic to nematic phase transitions. These theories are mean-field theories and catch the main physical aspects of these transitions. The topology of the phase diagrams of micellar lyotropic nematic liquid crystals is presented. In particular, the need of a non-critical order parameter is discussed, to account for the presence of the biaxial nematic phase between the two uniaxial phases. It is not our aim here to repeat the mathematical calculations of these theories, since there is a good bibliography about them. In particular, good books can be consulted by readers with detailed descriptions of these theories and extensive bibliography.
A Bayesian convolutional neural network-based generalized linear model
Authors: Jeon Yeseul , Chang Won , Jeong Seonghyun , Han Sanghoon , Park Jaewoo 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) provide flexible function approximations for a wide variety of applications when the input variables are in the form of images or spatial data. Although CNNs often outperform traditional statistical models in prediction accuracy, statistical inference, such as estimating the effects of covariates and quantifying the prediction uncertainty, is not trivial due to the highly complicated model structure and overparameterization. To address this challenge, we propose a new Bayesian approach by embedding CNNs within the generalized linear models (GLMs) framework. We use extracted nodes from the last hidden layer of CNN with Monte Carlo (MC) dropout as informative covariates in GLM. This improves accuracy in prediction and regression coefficient inference, allowing for the interpretation of coefficients and uncertainty quantification. By fitting ensemble GLMs across multiple realizations from MC dropout, we can account for uncertainties in extracting the features. We apply our methods to biological and epidemiological problems, which have both high-dimensional correlated inputs and vector covariates. Specifically, we consider malaria incidence data, brain tumor image data, and fMRI data. By extracting information from correlated inputs, the proposed method can provide an interpretable Bayesian analysis. The algorithm can be broadly applicable to image regressions or correlated data analysis by enabling accurate Bayesian inference quickly.
Digital and technological solutions in cardiovascular nursing and perspectives for a smooth digital shift: a discussion paper
Authors: Conte Gianluca , Magon Arianna , Caruso Rosario 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Digital and technological solutions (DTS) in cardiovascular nursing are profoundly transforming the landscape of patient care by integrating advanced data-driven approaches. DTS help to enhance patient outcomes and streamline clinical workflows, supporting the shift of the traditional roles of healthcare providers and patients towards more engaged and collaborative care processes. This article presents a perspective in this regard. The adoption of DTS, including mobile health applications and wearable devices, enables continuous monitoring and management of patient health, fostering significant improvements in cardiovascular health management. However, the rapid incorporation of such technologies presents various challenges, such as robust data standardization, the development of digital literacy among healthcare professionals, and addressing privacy and security concerns. Effective integration of DTS into nursing practice demands structured clinical curricula that equip nurses with essential technological skills and a deep understanding of ethical considerations. Theoretical frameworks should guide the systematic implementation and integration of digital tools, ensuring comprehensive consideration of the complexities involved in digital transformations in healthcare.
Making sense of the king’s flight to Varennes
Authors: Escalante Pablo 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This article attempts to show that at the time of Louis XVI’s flight to Varennes, most people made sense of the event within a horizon of meaning constituted by traditional narratives of kingship. The first section sets out some of the main features of these traditional narratives to show how they framed interpretations of the king’s political behaviour before and after his unsuccessful attempt to reach Montmédy. The second section shows how these traditional narratives of kingship also conditioned interpretations of Louis XVI’s public declarations once he was brought back to Paris. The third section highlights the persistence of public confidence in his person until July 1792. Finally, the fourth section shows how it was only after the abolition of the monarchy that the now dominant narrative of the Varennes episode was fixed as such, as part of a strategy to delegitimize kingship in the public sphere and thus help to stabilize the Republic in France.
The jacktree genome and population genomics provides insights for the mechanisms of the germination obstacle and the conservation of endangered ornamental plants
Authors: Zhu Sheng , Wei Xue-Fen , Lu Yu-Xin , Zhang Dao-Wu , Wang Ze-Fu , Ge Jing , Li Sheng-Lian , Song Yan-Feng , Yang Yong , Yi Xian-Gui , Zhang Min , Xue Jia-Yu , Duan Yi-Fan 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Sinojackia Hu represents the first woody genus described by Chinese botanists, with all species classified as endangered ornamental plants endemic to China. Their characteristic spindle-shaped fruits confer high ornamental value to the plants, making them favored in gardens and parks. Nevertheless, the fruits likely pose a germination obstacle, contributing to the endangered status of this lineage. Here we report the chromosome-scale genome of S. xylocarpa, and explore the mechanisms underlying its endangered status, as well as its population dynamics throughout evolution. Population genomic analysis has indicated that S. xylocarpa experienced a bottleneck effect following the recent glacial period, leading to a continuous population reduction. Examination of the pericarp composition across six stages of fruit development revealed a consistent increase in the accumulation of lignin and fiber content, responsible for the sturdiness of mature fruits’ pericarps. At molecular level, enhanced gene expression in the biosynthesis of lignin, cellulose and hemicellulose was detected in pericarps. Therefore, we conclude that the highly lignified and fibrotic pericarps of S. xylocarpa, which inhibit its seed germination, should be its threatening mechanism, thus proposing corresponding strategies for improved conservation and restoration. This study serves as a seminal contribution to conservation biology, offering valuable insights for the study of other endangered ornamental plants.
The Aut Dedere Aut Judicare System for Crimes Against Humanity
Authors: Colorio Matteo 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The aut dedere aut judicare system is critical in the global fight against impunity for the most heinous crimes. Such a system ensures the creation of a widespread web for the elimination of safe havens for perpetrators of these crimes and pursues that goal by empowering and obligating national jurisdictions to discharge their share of the burden in international criminal justice. Indeed, an aut dedere aut judicare system consists of two core elements: an obligation to extradite or prosecute any alleged offender found in the state’s territory and an obligation to establish a title of conditional universal jurisdiction. However, absent a specialized convention, such a system is currently missing for crimes against humanity. To fill this serious gap, the International Law Commission elaborated a proposal for a new convention incorporating a rather satisfactory aut dedere aut judicare system in Draft Articles 7 and 10. The system envisioned by the ILC for crimes against humanity is at the core of the present analysis.
(051) METHAMPHETAMINE-INDUCED VAGINAL LUBRICATION IN RATS AND THE ESTROUS CYCLE
Authors: Mott M , Goeders N 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Introduction
In an interview-based study performed by our lab of women who use methamphetamine (meth), we previously found that the drug, when delivered intravenously (IV), produces a feeling indistinguishable from an orgasm, which is accompanied by a flushing sensation and the production of excessive vaginal lubrication. We have also reported meth-induced vaginal lubrication in an anesthetized animal model. This production of vaginal transudate was dependent on the dose of meth used and the potent vasodilator nitric oxide.

Objective
The objective of the current study was to assess meth-induced vaginal lubrication across different stages of the estrous cycle and following ovariectomy (ovx) in anesthetized rats, and to assess plasma levels of two signaling molecules associated with sexual arousal.

Methods
Anesthetized rats, each previously implanted with a chronic indwelling jugular catheter, were anesthetized and given one IV infusion of meth (0.24 mg/kg) and vaginal lubrication was measured. A pre-weighed cotton-tipped swab, inserted into the vaginal canal, collected fluid secreted following the administration of meth. Blood was withdrawn before and at ten and fifteen minutes after meth administration either via the jugular catheter or via a small tail snip to measure plasma levels of estradiol and nitric oxide. Testing was completed at each stage of the estrous cycle as well as before and after ovariectomy.

Results
Estradiol and nitric oxide increased following meth infusion similarly across all stages of the estrous cycle. Vaginal lubrication increased more with meth treatment than with saline treatment. This was true across all stages of the estrous cycle and despite ovariectomy.

Conclusions
These findings have far-reaching implications for those who suffer from vaginal dryness. The mechanism underlying this phenomenon may present a novel pharmacotherapeutic target to treat vaginal dryness. Since meth still produced vaginal secretions in anesthetized rats, these results suggest that targeting this mechanism may even prove beneficial in post-menopausal women, a patient group likely at highest risk for experiencing vaginal dryness.

Disclosure
Any of the authors act as a consultant, employee or shareholder of an industry for: Embera Neuurotherapeutics & JanOne.