bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synthesis of chelating polymer sorbents by using the S methodology
Authors: Pestov Alexander V. , Slepukhin Pavel A. , Yatluk Yury G. , Charushin Valery N. , Chupakhin Oleg N. 
Published: January 2012

AbstractThe article describes a new synthetic approach to modify the structure of phenol‐formaldehyde and resorcinol‐formaldehyde resins, which enables one to functionalize a polymer matrix by using the S (nucleophilic aromatic substitution of hydrogen) methodology. Direct heteroarylation of phenol (resorcinol) fragments in polymer chains with 1,2,4‐triazine derivatives illustrates a new synthetic method in the polymer chemistry. The feature of this methodology is that it provides an opportunity to accomplish direct one‐pot polymer transformations by incorporating of rather complicated chelating groups through the displacement of hydrogen in phenol moieties. It has been shown that in order to obtain chemically modified polymers on the basis of phenol‐formaldehyde and resorcinol‐formaldehyde resins with a high degree of substitution with chelating units, a polymer matrix has to react with 3‐(pyridin‐2′‐yl)‐1,2,4‐triazin‐5(2H)‐one. Also, it has been found that polymer sorbents with a high selectivity can be obtained by using the template method. Targeted synthesis of model compounds, as structural units of the chelating polymers, and elucidation of the structure of their complexes with copper (II) ions have shown that the most plausible type of coordination is formation of the bridge 1 : 1 complexes of the α,α′‐bipyridinyl type. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012
Artificial neural networks modeling of electrospinning of polyethylene oxide from aqueous acid acetic solution
Authors: Mirzaei Esmaeil , Amani Amir , Sarkar Saeed , Saber Reza , Mohammadyani Dariush , Faridi‐Majidi Reza 
Published: January 2012

AbstractThe artificial neural networks (ANNs) were used to provide a model for investigating the relationships of the electrospinning parameters with the diameter of polyethylene oxide (PEO) nanofibers from acid acetic aqueous solution. The effects of four parameters including PEO concentration, acetic acid concentration, applied voltage, and temperature of the electrospinning media on the nanofibers mean diameter were investigated. To train, test, and valid the model, three datasets of the input variables with random values were prepared and the mean diameters obtained were taken as the output for the network. The datasets were analyzed by ANNs software and the correlation coefficient, R‐squared (R2), between the predicted values of the nanofibers mean diameter and actual amount were obtained. The results demonstrate the capability of the ANNs model for predicting the nanofibers diameter. The 3‐D plots generated from the model show complex and nonlinear relationships between the parameters and nanofibers diameter. From the model, increasing the PEO concentration above a critical point leads to a sharp increase in the nanofibers mean diameter. The effects of applied voltage and temperature are mainly dependent on the PEO concentration. The acetic acid concentration, in general shows a direct relation with the nanofibers mean diameter. The plots also show that to produce nanofibers with the lowest diameter, both the PEO concentration and AcOH concentration should be at lowest values regardless the applied voltage and temperature. In contrast, highest nanofibers diameters are obtained when the PEO concentration and AcOH concentration are at their high values. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012
Efficient expression of the anti‐AahI' scorpion toxin nanobody under a new functional form in a Pichia pastoris system
Authors: Ezzine Aymen , M'Hirsi el Adab Sonia , Bouhaouala‐Zahar Balkiss , Hmila Issam , Baciou Laura , Marzouki Mohamed Najib 
Published: January 2012

AbstractMost large‐scale microbial production of recombinant proteins are based on Escherichia coli, yeasts, or filamentous fungi systems. Using eukaryotic hosts, antibody fragments are generally expressed by targeting to the secretory pathway. This enables not only efficient disulfide bond formation but also secretion of soluble and correctly folded product. For this goal, a recombinant vector was constructed to produce a single‐domain antibody (NbAahI′22) directed against AahI′ scorpion toxin using the methylotrophic yeast Pichia pastoris. The corresponding complementary DNA was cloned under control of the alcohol oxidase promoter in frame with the Saccharomyces α‐factor secretion signal and then transferred to P. pastoris cell strain X‐33. Using Western blot, we detected the expression of the recombinant NbAahI′22 exclusively in the culture medium. Targeting to the histidine label, the secreted nanobody was easily purified on nickel–nitrilotriacetic acid resin and then tested in enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. Interestingly, the production level of the NbAahI′22 in its new glycosylated form reached more than sixfold that obtained in E. coli. These findings give more evidence for the utilization of P. pastoris as a heterologous expression system.
Working towards a risk prediction model for neural tube defects
Authors: Agopian A.J. , Lupo Philip J. , Tinker Sarah C. , Canfield Mark A. , Mitchell Laura E. ,   and the National Birth Defects Prevention Study
Published: January 2012

AbstractBACKGROUND Several risk factors have been consistently associated with neural tube defects (NTDs). However, the predictive ability of these risk factors in combination has not been evaluated. METHODS To assess the predictive ability of established risk factors for NTDs, we built predictive models using data from the National Birth Defects Prevention Study, which is a large, population‐based study of nonsyndromic birth defects. Cases with spina bifida or anencephaly, or both (n = 1239), and controls (n = 8494) were randomly divided into separate training (75% of cases and controls) and validation (remaining 25%) samples. Multivariable logistic regression models were constructed with the training samples. The predictive ability of these models was evaluated in the validation samples by assessing the area under the receiver operator characteristic curves. An ordinal predictive risk index was also constructed and evaluated. In addition, the ability of classification and regression tree (CART) analysis to identify subgroups of women at increased risk for NTDs in offspring was evaluated. RESULTSThe predictive ability of the multivariable models was poor (area under the receiver operating curve: 0.55 for spina bifida only, 0.59 for anencephaly only, and 0.56 for anencephaly and spina bifida combined). The predictive abilities of the ordinal risk indexes and CART models were also low. CONCLUSION Current established risk factors for NTDs are insufficient for population‐level prediction of a women's risk for having affected offspring. Identification of genetic risk factors and novel nongenetic risk factors will be critical to establishing models, with good predictive ability, for NTDs. Birth Defects Research (Part A) 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Agreement between self‐report and prescription data in medical records for pregnant women
Authors: Sarangarm Preeyaporn , Young Bonnie , Rayburn William , Jaiswal Pallavi , Dodd Melanie , Phelan Sharon , Bakhireva Ludmila 
Published: January 2012

AbstractBACKGROUND Clinical teratology studies often rely on patient reports of medication use in pregnancy with or without other sources of information. Electronic medical records (EMRs), administrative databases, pharmacy dispensing records, drug registries, and patients' self‐reports are all widely used sources of information to assess potential teratogenic effect of medications. The objective of this study was to assess comparability of self‐reported and prescription medication data in EMRs for the most common therapeutic classes. METHODS The study population included 404 pregnant women prospectively recruited from five prenatal care clinics affiliated with the University of New Mexico. Self‐reported information on prescription medications taken since the last menstrual period (LMP) was obtained by semistructured interviews in either English or Spanish. For validation purposes, EMRs were reviewed to abstract information on medications prescribed between the LMP and the date of the interview. Agreement was estimated by calculating a kappa (κ) coefficient, sensitivity, and specificity. RESULTS In this sample of socially‐disadvantaged (i.e., 67.9% high school education or less, 48.5% no health insurance), predominantly Latina (80.4%) pregnant women, antibiotics and antidiabetic agents were the most prevalent therapeutic classes. The agreement between the two sources substantially varied by therapeutic class, with the highest level of agreement seen among antidiabetic and thyroid medications (κ ≥0.8) and the lowest among opioid analgesics (κ = 0.35). CONCLUSIONS Results indicate a high concordance between self‐report and prescription data for therapeutic classes used chronically, while poor agreement was observed for medications used intermittently, on an 'as needed” basis, or in short courses. Birth Defects Research (Part A) 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
High‐throughput method for the analysis of venlafaxine in pharmaceutical formulations and biological fluids, using a tris(2,2′‐bipyridyl) ruthenium(II)–peroxydisulphate chemiluminescence system in a two‐chip device
Authors: Al Lawati Haider A. J. , Varma Gouri B. , Suliman Fakhr Eldin O. 
Published: January 2012

ABSTRACTA simple, rapid and sensitive chemiluminescent (CL) method for the assay of venlafaxine (VEN) in pharmaceutical formulations and serum samples by a two‐chip device is proposed. The method is based on the reaction of this drug with a tris(2,2′‐bipyridyl) ruthenium(II)–peroxydisulphate CL system. The optimum chemical conditions for CL emission were investigated. The calibration graph was linear for the concentration range 0.02–8.0 µg/mL. The detection and quantification limits were found to be 0.006 and 0.018 µg/mL, respectively, while the relative standard deviation (RSD) was <2.0%. The present CL procedure was applied to the determination of VEN in pharmaceutical formulations and serum samples; the recovery levels were in the range 96.5–101.2%. The results suggest that the method is unaffected by the presence of common formulation excipients found in these samples. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Dual effects of phloretin on aflatoxin B1 metabolism: Activation and detoxification of aflatoxin B1
Authors: Gao Shang Shang , Chen Xiao Yan , Zhu Ri Zhe , Choi Byung‐Min , Kim Sun Jun , Kim Bok‐Ryang 
Published: January 2012

AbstractTypically, chemopreventive agents involve either induction of phase II detoxifying enzymes and/or inhibition of cytochrome P450 enzymes (CYPs) that are required for the activation of procarcinogens. In this study, we investigated the protective effects of phloretin against aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) activation to the ultimate carcinogenic intermediate, AFB1‐8, 9‐epoxide (AFBO), and its subsequent detoxification. Phloretin markedly inhibited formation of the epoxide with human liver microsomes in a dose‐dependent manner. Phloretin also inhibited the activities of nifedipine oxidation and ethoxyresorufin O‐deethylase (EROD) in human liver microsomes. These data show that phloretin strongly inhibits CYP1A2 and CYP3A4 activities, which are involved in the activation of AFB1. Phloretin increased glutathione S‐transferase (GST) activity of alpha mouse liver 12 (AML 12) cells in a dose‐dependent manner. GST activity toward AFBO in cell lysates treated with 20 μM phloretin was 23‐fold that of untreated control cell lysates. The expression of GSTA3, GSTA4, GSTM1, GSTP1 and GSTT1 was induced by phloretin in a dose‐dependent manner in AML 12 cells. GSTP1, GSTM1, and GSTT1 were able to significantly increase the conjugation of AFBO with glutathione. Concurrently, induction of the GST isozyme genes was partially associated with the Nrf2/ARE pathway. Taken together, the results demonstrate that phloretin has a strong chemopreventive effect against AFB1 through its inhibitory effect on CYP1A2, CYP3A4, and its inductive effect on GST activity.
Use of high‐gradient magnetic fishing for reducing proteolysis during fermentation
Authors: Maury Trine L. , Ottow Kim E. , Brask Jesper , Villadsen John , Hobley Timothy J. 
Published: January 2012

AbstractProteolysis during fermentation may have a severe impact on the yield and quality of a secreted product. In the current study, we demonstrate the use of high‐gradient magnetic fishing (HGMF) as an efficient alternative to the more conventional methods of preventing proteolytic degradation. Bacitracin‐linked magnetic affinity adsorbents were employed directly in a fermenter during Bacillus licheniformis cultivation to remove trace amounts of unwanted proteases. The constructed magnetic adsorbents had excellent, highly specific binding characteristics in the fermentation broth (Kd = 1.94 micromolar; Qmax = 222.8 mg/g), which obeyed the Langmuir isotherm and had rapid binding kinetics (equilibrium in <300 s). When applied directly in shake‐flask cultures or in a 1‐L fermenter and then removed by HGMF, the degradation of the model protein bovine serum albumin was stopped. The adsorbents could be recycled and reused during the same fermentation to remove freshly produced proteases, extending the life of the model protein in the fermenter. HGMF may provide an efficient method of stabilizing heterologous proteins produced in cultivation processes.
Comparative pharmacokinetics of prim‐O‐glucosylcimifugin and cimifugin by liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry after oral administration of Radix Saposhnikoviae extract, cimifugin monomer solution and prim‐O‐glucosylcimifugin monomer solution to rats
Authors: Li Yueyue , Zhao Liang , Zhang Hai , Jia Jing , Lv Lei , Zhou Guichen , Chai Yifeng , Zhang Guoqing 
Published: January 2012

ABSTRACTA sensitive and reliable liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry method has been developed and validated for simultaneous determination of cimifugin and prim‐O‐glucosylcimifugin in rat plasma after oral administration of Radix Saposhnikoviae (RS) extract, prim‐O‐glucosylcimifugin monomer solution and cimifugin monomer solution. Plasma samples were pretreated by protein precipitation with acetonitrile containing the internal standards puerarin and daidzein. LC separation was achieved on a Zorbax SB‐C18 column (150 × 4.6 mm i.d., 5 µm) with 0.1% formic acid in water and methanol by isocratic elution. The detection was carried out in select‐ion‐monitoring mode with a positive electrospray ionization interface. The fully validated method was successfully applied to the pharmacokinetic study of the analytes in rats. A bimodal phenomenon appeared in the concentration–time curve of prim‐O‐glucosylcimifugin and cimifugin after oral administration of RS extract. Prim‐O‐glucosylcimifugin mainly transformed to cimifugin when it was absorbed into blood. Both absorption and elimination of cimifugin after oral administration of RS were longer than after administration of single cimifugin. The pharmacokinetic parameters (AUC0–t, AUC0–∞ and t1/2) of prim‐O‐glucosylcimifugin and cimifugin by giving cimifugin monomer solution, prim‐O‐glucosylcimifugin monomer solution and RS extract had significant differences (P < 0.05). Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Simultaneous determination of zolazepam and tiletamine in dog plasma by liquid chromatography coupled to a tandem mass spectrometry
Authors: Noh Kyeumhan , Kim Kil‐Soo , Ahn Byoungki , Archimbault Pillippe , Oh Tae‐Ho , Kang Wonku 
Published: January 2012

ABSTRACTA mixture of tiletamine, a dissociative anesthetic, and zolazepam, a minor tranquilizer, has been widely used as an anesthetic or an immobilizing agent in a variety of animal species. However, interestingly, their pharmacokinetic behaviors have been published only in polar bears and pigs. In this study, we introduce a sensitive liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS) method for determining the two drugs in dog plasma. After simple protein precipitation with acetonitrile including midazolam (internal standard), the analytes were chromatographed on a reversed‐phase column with a mobile phase of 10 mmammonium acetate aqueous solution and acetonitrile (1:4, v/v). The accuracy and precision of the assay were in accordance with FDA regulations for the validation of bioanalytical methods. This method was used to measure the concentrations of zolazepam and tiletamine in plasma after a single intramuscular 10 mg dose of each in beagle dogs. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
First isolation of disubstituted cis‐5,6‐dihydro‐1,10‐phenanthrolines. lipase‐mediated resolution of cis‐ and trans‐phenoxy alcohol isomers and assignment of absolute stereochemistry via cd and nmr spectroscopy
Authors: Kohler Lars , Schoffers Elke , Driscoll Erin , Zeller Matthias , Schmiesing Carla 
Published: January 2012

Abstract5,6‐Dihydro‐1,10‐phenanthrolines can display axial and central chirality. In conjunction with the ligating properties of the diimino moiety, this class of compounds is of great interest to applications in supramolecular chemistry. We report the first preparation of cis‐5,6‐dihydro‐1,10‐phenanthroline derivatives by reacting triphenyl borate with the corresponding epoxide precursor. We found that solvent and temperature choice determined the stereoselectivity of the epoxide opening giving rise to the cis (14:1 dr) or trans (99:1 dr) product. Racemates of each stereoisomeric mixture, cis‐ and trans‐phenoxy alcohol, were separated via highly enantioselective transesterifications with lipase PSCI from Burkholderia cepacia (97% ee, E > 200). Stereochemical assignments were carried out using CD and X‐ray analyses in conjunction with NMR studies of α‐methoxy‐α‐(trifluoromethyl)phenylacetic acid and α‐methoxyphenylacetic acid esters. Chirality, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A secured, automated, and dynamic end‐to‐end service level negotiation
Authors: Chalouf M. A. , Krief F. 
Published: January 2012

SUMMARYToday, the emerging new services like voice over IP and video on demand require some guarantees in terms of QoS. These services can be accessed using wireless technologies, such as Wi‐Fi or WiMAX (Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access). This may make the service delivery vulnerable to security attacks because of the open medium on which wireless technologies are based. Thus, in addition to QoS level, security level must also be guaranteed for the provided services. In this paper, we present the service level negotiation protocol, which ensures a dynamic negotiation of a service level covering both QoS and security. Moreover, the negotiation flow itself could be the target of some malicious attacks. Indeed, these attacks can aim to degrade the service level (QoS and / or security) or to make an entity, which is involved in a negotiation, unavailable, etc. Thus, the objective of this paper is to study the security of the flow corresponding to the negotiation provided by service level negotiation protocol. In fact, the security required by this flow will be provided through the use of three different mechanisms: Web services security, secure sockets layer, and IP security protocol. Because these security mechanisms may have an impact on the negotiation protocol performances, we will also evaluate this impact to adopt the security solution that allows minimizing it. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Combat Experiences, Pre‐Deployment Training, and Outcome of Exposure Therapy for Post‐Traumatic Stress Disorder in Operation Enduring Freedom/Operation Iraqi Freedom Veterans
Authors: Price Matthew , Gros Daniel F. , Strachan Martha , Ruggiero Kenneth J. , Acierno Ron 
Published: January 2012

The association between exposure to multiple potentially traumatic events (PTEs) and subsequent increased risk of post‐traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is well established. However, less is known about the relation between exposure to numerous PTEs, as is typical with military service, and treatment outcome. Furthermore, there has been little research examining military specific protective factors, such as pre‐deployment preparedness, on PTSD treatment response. The current study investigated combat exposure and potential moderators of treatment outcome for exposure therapy in Operation Enduring Freedom/Operation Iraqi Freedom (OEF/OIF) veterans with PTSD. One hundred and eleven OEF/OIF veterans diagnosed with PTSD participated in 8 weeks of exposure therapy. Results indicated that increased combat exposure was associated with a reduced rate of change in PTSD symptoms but not depression symptoms. These findings were consistent across two measures of combat exposure. There was preliminary support for the moderating effect of pre‐deployment preparedness on the association between combat exposure and treatment response. Together, these findings suggest that increased combat exposure is associated with poor treatment response in veterans with PTSD; however, this can be reduced by elevated pre‐deployment preparedness. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.Key Practitioner MessageIncreased combat exposure is associated with poorer treatment response.Pre‐deployment training is associated with improved treatment response.PTSD interventions should account for the frequency of combat in military personnel.
Molecular Dynamics Simulations for the Shear Viscosity of the One‐Component Plasma
Authors: Mithen J. P. , Daligault J. , Gregori G. 
Published: January 2012

AbstractWe discuss two methods for determining the shear viscosity of a fluid of particles with Yukawa interaction potential (a one‐component plasma). Both methods are based on computing the equilibrium dynamics using large‐scale molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. Our MD results illustrate that the hydrodynamic method for computing the shear viscosity is feasible and therefore complements the more widely used method based on the Green‐Kubo relation. We expect that in the future our shear viscosity calculations will be used to assist with the interpretation and analysis of x‐ray scattering experiments, which could in principle measure this fundamental dynamical quantity (© 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Strong‐Coupling Theory for a Polarizable Planar Colloid
Authors: Šamaj L. , Trizac E. 
Published: January 2012

AbstractWe propose a strong‐coupling analysis of a polarizable planar interface, in the spirit of a recently introduced Wigner‐Crystal formulation. The system is made up of two moieties: a semi‐infinite medium (z < 0) with permittivity ε ′ while the other half space in z > 0 is occupied by a solution with permittivity ε, and mobile counter‐ions (no added electrolyte). The interface at z = 0 bears a uniform surface charge. The counter‐ion density profile is worked out explicitly for both repulsive and attractive dielectric image cases (© 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Plasma Polarization Around Dust Particle in an External Electric Field
Authors: Sukhinin G.I. , Fedoseev A.V. , Khokhlov R.O. , Suslov S.Yu. 
Published: January 2012

AbstractThe effect of plasma polarization around a negatively charged dust particle is investigated with the help of Monte Carlo simulation of ion trajectories in the electric field of the dust particle and an external electric field. The induced dipole moment of such a system was estimated in a wide range of dust particle and plasma parameters. It is shown that the dipole moment is very large, and has a non‐monotonous dependence on the external electric field. For a small external electric field, it weakly depends on the charge of the dust particle. The dipole moment reduces with the decrease of ion mean free path (© 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)