bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Combined expression of WT1/PRAME genes and BIRC5/PRAME genes and their clinical significance in adult patients with acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: El-Meligui Yomna M , Ismail Abeer , Abd Elrhman Heba Allah E 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background
Several tumor-associated antigens have been recently recognized that qualify to monitor tumor burden of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) or are used as antigen-specific approach for anticancer immunotherapy.

Aim
The current study was designed to assess the intracellular expression levels of the immunogenic tumor antigens (
WT1
, BIRC5, and PRAME genes) and clarify the prognostic effect of their combined overexpression, that is,
WT1
/PRAME and
BIRC5
/
PRAME
, on the clinical course, the outcome, and the response to treatment in patients with AML.

Settings and design
A total of 61 patients with AML were included in the study. All patients received induction chemotherapy. Detection of intracellular WT1, BIRC5, and PRAME genes in myeloid blast cells was done by real-time PCR on bone marrow samples. Their levels were correlated with the demographic data, the clinical and pathological data, the defined subgroups, the overall survival, and the response to treatment in patients with AML.

Results

WT1, BIRC5, and PRAME overexpression was detected in 73.8, 28, and 38.6% of patients, respectively. Nearly half of the patients (51.7%) were WT1+/PRAME− and significantly associated with absence of both favorable cytogenetic prognosis and complete remission. In addition, it expression was correlated with female sex, higher count of blasts in peripheral blood, positive CD34 expression, and higher FAB classification (M4) but with no statistically significant difference. Most patients were double negative BIRC5−/PRAME− (45.6%). A significant relation was found between BIRC5+/PRAME− and older age patients (P=0.003) and a lower overall survival (P=0.005) and also associated with higher count of blast cells but not statistically significant. Most BIRC5−/PRAME+ (72.7%) achieved complete remission at 28 days, followed by double negative BIRC5−/PRAME− (56.6%) at 28 days, most of BIRC5+/PRAME− patients died (77.8%).

Conclusion
In patients with AML, the expression levels of genes WT1, BIRC5, and
PRAME
were high, and these genes had a substantial correlation with poor prognostic factors, including a poor cytogenetic prognosis, incomplete remission, and a reduced survival rate. Therefore, they could be considered as targets for anticancer immunotherapy as well as possible markers for monitoring AML.
Cardiovascular Manifestations and Outcomes in Patients Admitted with Severe COVID-19
Authors: Alkindi Fahad , Alhashmi Khamis , Nadar Sunil , Alharthi Salma , Alsaidi Khalid , Alrashdi Tasneem , Alasmi Shabib , Khamis Feryal , Algafri Adil , Allawati Sultan , Alfarsi Muzna , Murthi Sathiya , Albusaidi Mujahid , Balkhair Abdullah , Alhadi Hafidh , Alrasadi Khalid , Alabri Maather , Alissai Maryam , Alkindi Shihab , Alsabti Hilal 
Published: May 2024

Objectives:
Coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) is caused by severe acute respiratory distress syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) -that can affect the cardiovascular system. The aim of our study was to assess the cardiovascular manifestations and its effect on the overall mortality among patients with severe COVID-19 who were admitted in the intensive care units (ICU).

Methods:
This is a retrospective, multicenter cohort study that included all adult patients admitted to the ICU with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 in three major hospitals in Oman between March 1, 2020, and August 10, 2020.

Results:
A total of 541 patients (mean age of 50.57 ± 15.57 years; 401 [74.1%] male) were included in the study of which 452 (83.5%) were discharged and 89 (16.5%) died during hospitalization.
Evidence of cardiac involvement was found in 185 (34.2%) patients, which included raised troponin (31.6%), arrhythmias (4.3%), myocardial infarctions (2.6%), or drop in ejection fraction (0.9%). High troponin of >100 ng/l was associated with higher mortality (odds ratio [OR] = 7.98; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 4.20–15.15); P < 0.001). Patients with any cardiovascular involvement also had a high risk of dying (OR = 8.8; 95% CI: 4.6–16.5; P < 0.001).

Conclusion:
Almost a third of patients in our study had evidence of cardiovascular involvement which was mainly myocardial injury. This was associated with increased mortality.
Effectiveness of Scenario-based Roleplay as a Method of Teaching Soft Skills for Undergraduate Medical Students
Authors: Lavanya KM , Somu Lava Kumar , Mishra Sushant Kumar 
Published: May 2024

Background:
Despite the widespread acknowledgment of the need and significance of soft skills (SKs) in health professions education, the subject is not emphasized enough in training students. These skills can be taught to undergraduates through roleplay. Communication skills and teamwork were taught by scenario-based roleplay and assessed in this study.

Objectives:
The study aimed to implement scenario-based roleplay as a method of teaching communication skills and teamwork to undergraduate medical students and to assess their perceptions.

Methodology:
A prospective study was conducted in the simulation/skills laboratory among 41 Phase I undergraduate medical students. The SKs taught during the sessions included communication skills, empathy, and teamwork.

Results:
The mean of the responses obtained from Gap Kalamazoo Communication Skills Checklist score in the first encounter was 27.0, 38.12 in the second encounter, and 41.24 in the third encounter. The mean scores showed a statistically significant difference between E1 and E2, E1 and E3, and E2 and E3. Posttest scores of students to self-efficacy questionnaire showed significant improvement compared to pre-test scores. Students in the present study opined that they could learn the aspects that could not have been learned in didactic lectures about communication skills and teamwork.

Conclusion:
Scenario-based roleplay can be used as an effective method for teaching SKs such as communication skills and teamwork for undergraduate medical students. Different scenarios which replicate the real-life situations can be incorporated to help students to learn and face the real-life encounters.
Unmasking of Churg–Strauss Syndrome in an Asthmatic
Authors: Navya K K , Ramakrishnan Gayathri Anur 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Churg–Strauss syndrome, also known as eosinophilic granulomatosis, is one of the antineutrophilic cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis associated with asthma and peripheral eosinophilia. Here, we present a case of a 50-year-old male, known asthmatic presenting with cough, dyspnea, fever, and lower limb purpura. On evaluation found to have perinuclear ANCA positivity; a nerve conduction study showed mononeuritis multiplex, and he was diagnosed with Churg–Straus syndrome.
Ultrasonographic Analysis of Biparietal Diameter as an Indicator of Gestational Age in North Indian Fetuses
Authors: Singh Archana , Gupta Rakesh , Singh Arun 
Published: May 2024

Background:
Clinical data such as menstrual cycle or uterine size often are not reliable parameter for pregnancy dating. Sonographic measurements of the fetus provide information about gestational age, growth and expected date of delivery. Aims: To develop a reference chart to estimate gestational age by ultrasonographic measurement of fetal bi-parietal diameter (BPD) and to find out correlation between two variables.

Material and Methods:
Cross sectional study was conducted on among 750 pregnant women of gestational age of 14-40 weeks, attending the Obstetrics and Gynaecology out-Patient department during one year period. Each fetus was ultrasonographically measured for BPD, the mean was used in subsequent statistical analysis.

Statistical Analysis:
It was done by the software SPSS version 21.0. A p-value < 0.05 considered to be significant. The previously published nomograms were compared by using unpaired t-test. Correlation & regression analysis has been done for BPD and GA. Results: Out of total 750 participants, 97.6% females confirmed their pregnancy by urine pregnancy test, 22.9% had dating scan, mean height was 163.004 cm. On ultrasound examination 78% participants had vertex, 7.6% had breech and 14.4% had variable presentation of fetus.Mean BPD increases 3.07 mm per week from 14to30 weeks and 1.93 mm per week from 31 to 40 weeks. For establishing a relationship between two variables GA & BPD, the correlation & regression analysis has been done.Sigmoid regression equation was the best for this study.
Conclusions: Data showing that North Indian fetuses are smaller than European fetuses after 22 weeks gestation.
Investigation of Bone Biomechanics in Rats with Traumatic Kidney Injury
Authors: Nalbant Asrin , Saygin Duygu Akin , Aydin Arif , Kabakçi Anil Didem Aydin 
Published: May 2024

Objective:
Mineral metabolism disorders are common in chronic kidney disease (CKD) and increase the risk of fractures. It has been confirmed by animal models that these changes in bone also cause negative results in the mechanical properties of bone. Although there are many available methods for diagnosing metabolic bone disorders and estimating fracture risk, it has been suggested that biomechanical tests that provide information about bone’s structural and material properties are most appropriate, particularly in small rodents with CKD. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effects of trauma-induced kidney damage on bone biomechanical properties.

Materials and Methods:
In this study, we used 16 adult Wistar Albino rats, 200–300 g, 4–5 months old. The animals were examined under two groups: kidney control (n = 9) and healty kidney control group and kidney damage group (n = 7). In the control group, the rats were fixed by laparotomy, and the kidneys were closed without suturing. However, the kidney damage group was approached by suturing.

Results:
When the bone biomechanical properties of the control and kidney-damaged groups were compared, a statistically significant difference was found between the displacement at maximum load, duration, and young’s modulus groups (P < 0.005).

Conclusion:
The study showed that the bone biomechanical properties of rats with trauma-induced kidney damage changed, and there was an increased fracture risk.
Immuno Histological Evidence of Ormocarpum Sennoides DC Extract in the Expression of Bax and Bcl2 in Wister Rats with Glucocorticoid induced Osteoporosis
Authors: Srinivasan Bhuvaneswari C. , Krishnan Radhika 
Published: May 2024

Introduction:
Glucocorticoid therapy is the most common cause for secondary osteoporosis leading to a resurgence of interest in traditional medicine that could have bone sparing effects by naturally occurring bioactive molecules. Therefore, this study was done to evaluate the effect of Ormocarpum sennoides DC through immunohistological evidence in the expression of Bax and Bcl2 in glucocorticoid-induced Osteoporosis in Wister albino rats.

Materials and Methods:
Rats were divided into five groups (Control, MPA (Osteoporosis), Alendronate (2 mg/kg), 100 mg (EOS), and 200 mg (EOS). The treatment was conducted for 45 days the Bax and Bcl2 expressions were evaluated in osteoclast of distal femur diaphysis.

Results:
When compared the MPA to control group (P < 0.05) Bax increased and Bcl2 reduced, when compared with MPA (P < 0.05) Alendronate, EOS 100 mg and EOS 200 mg increased the Bcl2 expressions, Alendronate, EOS 100 mg, and EOS 200 mg reduced the Bax expression.

Discussion and Conclusion:
EOS 100 mg and EOS 200 mg increased Bcl2 expression and reduced the Bax expression Ormocarpum sennoides prevents glucocorticoid-induced Apoptosis of preosteoblast; therefore, Bcl2 may be an important regulator of bone growth thus reporting antiapoptotic property of Ormocarpum sennoides DC.
To Estimate Age- and Gender-Related Morphometric Change in Cella Media Index of the Lateral Ventricles by Computed Tomography Scan in Adult Human Population of North India
Authors: Sharma Jyoti , Singh Pradeep , Gupta Anjali , Gupta Anshu 
Published: May 2024

Background and Aim:
Several histopathological and gross changes are seen in human brain as age increases, causing enlargement of the lateral ventricles. Morphometric measurement and size of the lateral ventricle of the brain are of great importance to identify certain changes and correlate it with clinical significance. This study was designed to provide a normal data of the cella media index (CMI) measurements of the lateral ventricle of the brain and its association between both the genders and its correlation with different age groups of North Indian Population, which will be helpful for diagnosis of cerebral atrophy.

Subjects and Methods:
This study was carried out in the Department of Anatomy and Department of Radiodiagnosis, S. N. Medical College, Agra, Uttar Pradesh. In the present prospective study, computed tomography scans of 200 patients between the age of 18 and 75 years (126 males and 74 females) were done, and measurements of the lateral ventricle of the brain were analyzed statistically.

Results:
In our study, the overall mean CMI was 4.62 ± 0.5 (CMI in male was 4.53 ± 0.41 and mean CMI in female was 4.42 ± 0.28), difference being statistically significant between both genders as P = 0.04 (P ≤ 0.05). In our finding, r = −0.13, indicating a mild positive correlation between age and transverse diameter of CMI of the lateral ventricle in North Indian population.

Conclusion:
This study concludes that with increase in age, there is a decrease of cella media ratio/Schiersmann’s Index, which is helpful in diagnosis of neurological conditions (e.g. schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and Alzheimer’s disease).
Spondylodiscitis: Understanding pathophysiology, surgical strategies, and postoperative management – A single-center study
Authors: Encarnación-Santos Daniel , Valerievich Kim-A , Scalia Gianluca , Shestov Eugeny , Pachev Murat , Wellington Jack , Bozkurt Ismail , Rubenovich-Chikara Dmitriy , Kirilin Igor , Chmutin Gennady , Tapia Ariel , Ekhsan Naim , Chaurasia Bipin 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
Spondylodiscitis (SD) is an inflammatory condition affecting the intervertebral discs and adjacent structures, often leading to serious complications, including epidural abscesses. This study aimed to differentiate postoperative SD from spontaneous cases caused by osteoporotic defects and associated pathologies, evaluating the frequency of SD in spinal diseases at a single center.

Materials and Methods:
A retrospective observational study involving 25 patients was conducted, analyzing variations between postoperative revisions in SD patients and spontaneous SD due to concurrent pathology and osteoporotic defects. The effects of postoperative wound healing following transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion and decompressive hemilaminectomy with pedicle screws were also investigated. Ethical guidelines were strictly followed during the study, conducted from January 2023 to September 2023 at Moscow City Clinical Hospital No. 68, Demikhova V.P.

Results:
Among the 25 patients with spontaneous SD, 15 females and 10 males were included, with only two undergoing surgical revision. Predominant purulent inflammatory foci were observed at specific spinal levels, and demographics revealed prevalent comorbidities such as arterial hypertension (80%) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (60%). Postoperative complications included paravertebral abscesses and wound-related issues. Structural observations indicated vertebral destruction, joint gaps, and localized spinal canal narrowing, revealing complexities in SD cases.

Conclusion:
Surgical intervention remains crucial for addressing SD-related vertebral complications, while antimicrobial therapy tailored to specific pathogens is pivotal. Concurrent conditions necessitate comprehensive management, often involving cardiological interventions. Postoperatively, a combined approach of conservative therapy and calcium phosphate adjuncts is recommended, especially considering the observed low bone density, aiming to optimize patient recovery and spinal stability.
Enhancing palliative care in vulnerable patients: Robot-assisted radiofrequency ablation for multiple spinal metastases – Technical insights and preliminary outcomes
Authors: Ricciardo Giuseppe , Garufi Giada , Scalia Gianluca , Cacciola Fabio , Collufio Domenicantonio , Conti Alfredo , Cardali Salvatore Massimiliano 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
Radiofrequency thermal ablation (RFA) coupled with vertebroplasty or kyphoplasty offers a minimally invasive, safe, and efficacious approach to palliate polymetastatic spine disease, particularly in medically fragile individuals. However, the application of robotic assistance to RFA for spinal metastases remains unexplored. This study elucidates the technical viability of robot-assisted RFA combined with vertebroplasty in patients afflicted by multiple spinal metastases and presents preliminary outcomes. An illustrative case was also presented.

Materials and Methods:
Ten patients aged over 65 years with multiple vertebral metastases were enrolled in this study. Preoperatively, patients exhibited a median Visual Analog Scale (VAS) pain score of 6 and a Median Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) score of 58%. From February 2021 to April 2022, all patients underwent RFA, followed by vertebroplasty for spinal metastases. Surgical procedures were executed using the ExcelsiusGPS® robotic platform.

Results:
Patients experienced substantial pain relief, with a median VAS score of 2.5 at 24 h postoperatively (Δ −−3.5; P < 0.001) and a median VAS score of 2 at 1 month postoperatively (Δ −4; P < 0.001). All patients were discharged on the first postoperative day and continued their oncological treatments. In addition, the median ODI score at 1 month postoperatively was 34% (Δ −−24%; P = 0.006), indicating an enhanced quality of life and a satisfactory impact on daily activities. No procedural or postoperative complications were documented.

Conclusions:
This case series represents the inaugural successful application of robot-assisted RFA in conjunction with concurrent vertebroplasty/kyphoplasty. Our preliminary experience demonstrates that patients with oligo- and polymetastatic conditions can derive benefits from this minimally invasive intervention, characterized by rapid postoperative recovery and effective short- to medium-term pain management, without encountering complications.
Atlantoaxial subluxation and Down syndrome: A cross-sectional analysis
Authors: Merckling Matthew , Vazquez Sima , Nolan Bridget , Subah Galadu , Fortunato Michael , Stein Alan , Patel Harsdadkumar , Asprinio David , Wainwright John , Kinon Merritt , Gandhi Chirag , Al-Mufti Fawaz 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
Atlantoaxial subluxation (AAS) is a diagnosis describing misalignment of the C1 vertebra relative to C2. Excessive translation of this joint, located adjacent to the medullary brain stem, can lead to devastating neurological consequences. A higher prevalence of AAS within the Down syndrome (DS) population has been well-established. This study aims to establish a prevalence rate of DS in patients hospitalized for AAS and compare outcomes between AAS patients with and without DS.

Methods:
This study utilized the National Inpatient Sample (NIS) provided by the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP). In accordance with HCUP 2023 Clinical Classifications Software Refined files, data were queried using the International Classification of Diseases 10th Edition codes for DS and AAS. Demographics, comorbidities, hospital course, and outcomes were examined and compared using binary and linear multivariate regression. IBM SPSS software was used for data analysis.

Results:
Of the 213,095 patients in the NIS database admitted between 2016 and 2020 with AAS as their primary diagnosis, 7.2% were DS patients. DS patients were significantly younger (26.56 ± 20.81 vs. 49.39 ± 27.63, P < 0.01), less likely to be female (33.30% vs. 52.10%), and had fewer comorbidities (diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia) than non-DS patients. There was no significant difference in likelihood to undergo surgical fusion between DS patients and non-DS patients with AAS.

Conclusion:
This large-scale study using NIS data determined that 7.2% of all patients admitted to hospitals for AAS are DS patients. The analysis of demographics, hospital course, and outcomes can influence the development of treatment protocols for AAS in the DS population.
Full endoscopic percutaneous stenoscopic lumbar decompression and discectomy: An outcome and efficacy analysis on 606 lumbar stenosis patients
Authors: Victorio  , Shen Robert , Nasution Mahdian Nur , Mahadewa Tjokorda Gde Bagus 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
Laminectomy has long been a “gold standard” to treat symptomatic lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS). Minimal invasive spine surgery (MISS) is widely developed to overcome the limitations of conventional laminectomy to achieve a better outcome with minimal complications. Full endoscopic percutaneous stenoscopic lumbar decompression (FE-PSLD) is the newest MISS technique for spinal canal decompression. We aimed to evaluate and analyze the significance of FE-PSLD in reducing pain and its association with age, duration of symptoms, stenosis level, and operative time (OT).

Materials and Methods:
A longitudinal cross-sectional study was conducted on 606 LSS patients who underwent FE-PSLD and enrolled from 2020 to 2022. Three-month evaluation of the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) and the modified MacNab criteria were assessed. The significance of changes was analyzed using the Wilcoxon signed-ranks test. Spearman’s correlation test was performed to evaluate the significant correlation of several variables (pre-PSLD-VAS, age, symptoms duration, OT, and level of LSS) to post-PSLD-VAS, and multiple regression analysis was conducted.

Results:
The reduction of VAS was statistically significant (P ≤ 0.005) with an average pre-PSLD-VAS of 6.75 ± 0.63 and post-PSLD-VAS of 2.24 ± 1.04. Pre-PSLD-VAS, age, and stenosis level have a statistically significant correlation with post-PSLD-VAS, while the duration of the symptoms and OT have an insignificant correlation. Multiple regression showed the effect of pre-PSLD-VAS (β =0.4033, P = 0.000) and stenosis level (β =0.0951, P = 0.021) are statistically significant with a positive coefficient.

Conclusions:
FE-PSLD is an efficacious strategy with favorable outcomes for managing LSS, shown by a significant reduction of pain level with a relatively short follow-up time after the procedure. Preoperative pain level, age, and stenosis level are significantly correlated with postoperative pain level. Based on this experimental study, PSLD can be considered a good strategy for treating lumbar canal stenosis in all age groups and all LSS levels.