bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
TELECARE, REMOTE MONITORING AND CARE
Authors: DRAPER HEATHER , SORELL TOM 
Published: April 2012

ABSTRACTTelecare is often regarded as a win/win solution to the growing problem of meeting the care needs of an ageing population. In this paper we call attention to some of the ways in which telecare is not a win/win solution but rather aggravates many of the long‐standing ethical tensions that surround the care of the elderly. It may reduce the call on carers' time and energy by automating some aspects of care, particularly daily monitoring. This can release carers for other caring activities. On the other hand, remote and impersonal monitoring seems to fall short of providing care. Monitoring may be used to help elderly users retain independence. But it may also increase the amount of information which flows from users to carers, which can result in a form of function‐creep that actually undermines independence.
Total hip arthroplasty inHIV‐infected patients: a retrospective, controlled study
Authors: Tornero E , García S , Larrousse M , Gallart X , Bori G , Riba J , Rios J , Gatell JM , Martinez E 
Published: April 2012

BackgroundAlthoughHIV‐infected patients are at greater risk of presenting with ischaemic necrosis of the femoral head, there have been concerns about whether total hip arthroplasty (THA) may have worse outcomes than expected.MethodsFrom theOrthopedic andTraumaSurgery database we identified all patients who had undergoneTHAbecause of ischaemic necrosis of the femoral head fromJanuary 2001 untilMarch 2010. Patient's diagnosis ofHIVinfection was confirmed at the time of arthroplasty by cross‐matching with theHIVunit database. For everyTHAinHIV‐infected patients, twoTHAs in patients not known to beHIV‐infected, with the same diagnosis of ischaemic necrosis of the femoral head and having undergone surgery over the same period, were randomly selected.THAs were compared inHIV‐ and non‐HIV‐infected patients for surgical procedure, in‐patient stay and long‐term prognosis.ResultsThere were 18THAs in 13HIV‐infected patients and 36THAs in 27 non‐HIV‐infected patients. No significant differences were observed in the mean time spent in surgery (106vs.109 minutes, respectively;P = 0.66), the need for red cell transfusion (1vs.4, respectively;P = 0.48) or the mean duration of hospitalization (7.8vs.9.4 days, respectively;P = 0.48). The two groups showed similar postoperative functional results, which were maintained until the end of the follow‐up period (median 3.3 years in the HIV‐positive group and 5.8 years in the HIV‐negative group).ConclusionOur study suggests that the outcome ofTHAinHIV‐positive patients is not worse than that ofHIV‐negative patients, although future research on larger numbers of patients is required to confirm this.
Treatment of Gorlin syndrome (nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome) with methylaminolevulinate photodynamic therapy in seven patients, including two children: interest of tumescent anesthesia for pain control in children
Authors: Girard C. , Debu A. , Bessis D. , Blatière V. , Dereure O. , Guillot B. 
Published: April 2012

AbstractObjective  To report our experience of methylaminolevulinate photodynamic therapy (MAL‐PDT) in the treatment of multiple basal cell carcinoma (BCC) in adults and children with Gorlin syndrome (GS).Design  Report of cases.Setting  University of Montpellier, Department of Dermatology.Patients  Seven Gorlin patients (41 superficial or nodular carcinomas), including two children.Interventions  Prior superficial curettage for superficial BBCs or debulking for nodular BCCs was systematically performed. Methylaminolevulinic acid was applied topically to lesions 3 h before illumination with 635 nm red light for 10 min (37 J/cm2). To prevent treatment discomfort, analgesics and/or cooling by sprayed water were most often provided, and occasionally 1% lidocaine local anesthesia. A ropivacaine‐lidocaine tumescent anesthesia was performed on the youngest patient.Main outcome measures  The initial response rate; tolerance, particularly in children; cosmetic outcome.Results  Overall clearance in patients was 60% after one session of MAL‐PDT and 78% after three sessions. Resolution of the lesions was accompanied by an excellent cosmetic outcome in all patients. Treatments were well tolerated in adults with moderate pain sensation during illumination. In a child, tumescent anesthesia assured excellent tolerance in all treatment stages.Conclusion  We add our experience to previous articles that consider PDT as an interesting option in the treatment of GS. To our knowledge, this study is the first report of MAL‐PDT in GS children using tumescent anesthesia. Specific guidelines for adult and pediatric patients remain to be established.
Developmental and evolutionary significance of the mandibular arch and prechordal/premandibular cranium in vertebrates: revising the heterotopy scenario of gnathostome jaw evolution
Authors: Kuratani Shigeru , Adachi Noritaka , Wada Naoyuki , Oisi Yasuhiro , Sugahara Fumiaki 
Published: April 2012

AbstractThe cephalic neural crest produces streams of migrating cells that populate pharyngeal arches and a more rostral, premandibular domain, to give rise to an extensive ectomesenchyme in the embryonic vertebrate head. The crest cells forming the trigeminal stream are the major source of the craniofacial skeleton; however, there is no clear distinction between the mandibular arch and the premandibular domain in this ectomesenchyme. The question regarding the evolution of the gnathostome jaw is, in part, a question about the differentiation of the mandibular arch, the rostralmost component of the pharynx, and in part a question about the developmental fate of the premandibular domain. We address the developmental definition of the mandibular arch in connection with the developmental origin of the trabeculae, paired cartilaginous elements generally believed to develop in the premandibular domain, and also of enigmatic cartilaginous elements called polar cartilages. Based on comparative embryology, we propose that the mandibular arch ectomesenchyme in gnathostomes can be defined as aDlx1‐positive domain, and that the polar cartilages, which develop from theDlx1‐negative premandibular ectomesenchyme, would represent merely posterior parts of the trabeculae. We also show, in the lamprey embryo, early migration of mandibular arch mesenchyme into the premandibular domain, and propose an updated version of the heterotopy theory on the origin of the jaw.
Zebrafish Parla‐ and Parlb‐deficiency affects dopaminergic neuron patterning and embryonic survival
Authors: Noble Sandra , Ismail Abid , Godoy Rafael , Xi Yanwei , Ekker Marc 
Published: April 2012

J. Neurochem. (2012) 122, 196–207.AbstractMany genes associated with familial Parkinson’s disease contribute to mitochondrial morphology and function. Some of these genes, for example, Pink1 and Parkin, are part of a common pathway. The presenilin‐associated rhomboid‐like (PARL) gene was recently linked to familial Parkinson’s disease. The PARL gene product is found in the inner mitochondrial membrane and cleaves the optic atrophy 1 protein, involved in mitochondrial morphology and apoptosis. In Drosophila, the PARL‐related rhomboid‐7 gene acts upstream of pink1 and parkin. However, such a genetic relationship is still unknown in vertebrates. Here, we show that the zebrafish genome comprises two parl paralogs: parla and parlb. Morpholino‐mediated loss of parla and/or parlb function resulted in mild neurodegeneration, as evidenced by a lower density of dopaminergic neurons. Patterning of dopaminergic neurons was also perturbed in the ventral diencephalon. Morphants exhibited extensive cell death throughout the entire body as well as increased larval mortality. The morphant phenotype could be rescued by injection of human PARL mRNA, but not catalytically inactive PARL, suggesting functional conservation between the human and zebrafish proteins. More importantly, the zebrafish pink1 mRNA as well as the human PINK1 mRNA, but not kinase‐dead nor Parkinson’s disease‐linked mutant PINK1 mRNA, also rescued the morphant phenotype, providing evidence that Parl genes may function upstream of Pink1, as part of a conserved pathway in vertebrates.
Contribution of serine racemase/d‐serine pathway to neuronal apoptosis
Authors: Esposito Simona , Pristerà Andrea , Maresca Giovanna , Cavallaro Sebastiano , Felsani Armando , Florenzano Fulvio , Manni Luigi , Ciotti Maria T. , Pollegioni Loredano , Borsello Tiziana , Canu Nadia 
Published: April 2012

SummaryRecent data indicate that age‐related N‐methyl‐d‐aspartate receptor (NMDAR) transmission impairment is correlated with the reduction in serine racemase (SR) expression and d‐serine content. As apoptosis is associated with several diseases and conditions that generally occur with age, we investigated the modulation of SR/d‐serine pathway during neuronal apoptosis and its impact on survival. We found that in cerebellar granule neurons (CGNs), undergoing apoptosis SR/d‐serine pathway is crucially regulated. In the early phase of apoptosis, the expression of SR is reduced, both at the protein and RNA level through pathways, upstream of caspase activation, involving ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS) and c‐Jun N‐terminal kinases (JNKs). Forced expression of SR, together with treatment with NMDA and d‐serine, blocks neuronal death, whereas pharmacological inhibition and Sh‐RNA‐mediated suppression of endogenous SR exacerbate neuronal death. In the late phase of apoptosis, the increased expression of SR contribute to the last, NMDAR‐mediated, wave of cell death. These findings are relevant to our understanding of neuronal apoptosis and NMDAR activity regulation, raising further questions as to the role of SR/d‐serine in those neuro‐pathophysiological processes, such as aging and neurodegenerative diseases characterized by a convergence of apoptotic mechanisms and NMDAR dysfunction.
Effects of aging and reproduction on protein quality control in soma and gametes of Drosophila melanogaster
Authors: Fredriksson Åsa , Johansson Krogh Elin , Hernebring Malin , Pettersson Ellinor , Javadi Ala , Almstedt Alvar , Nyström Thomas 
Published: April 2012

SummaryIn organisms with a soma–germ demarcation, the germline must be ‘preserved’ such that harmful damage is not transmitted to the offspring. Keeping the progeny free of damage may be achieved by gametes enjoying elevated, and/or more functional, homeostatic maintenance systems. This possibility was approached here by testing whether the soma and maturating oocytes (eggs) dissected from female Drosophila melanogaster in reproductive ages display differential capacities for protein quality control and whether these capacities change during aging and mating. Eggs exhibited a high capacity to prevent protein aggregation, strong capacity for 26S proteasome‐dependent degradation and reduced levels of oxidatively damaged (carbonylated) proteins compared to the soma. The capacity to prevent protein aggregation was not affected in either soma or eggs by age and/or mating, while the 26S proteasome capacity declined in the soma but was maintained in the eggs of aged females. However, the levels of carbonylated proteins increased with age in both soma and eggs, and this increase was more pronounced in females allowed to mate continuously. Furthermore, the levels of carbonylated proteins in the eggs of mated flies correlated negatively with the propensity of the eggs to develop into an adult fly. In young flies, mating caused a decrease in 26S proteasome capacity and an increase in protein carbonylation in the soma, but not in the eggs. These results are in line with trade‐off theories of aging where aging is considered a consequence of investment in reproduction over somatic maintenance.
Signal‐morphology impedance cardiography during incremental cardiopulmonary exercise testing in pulmonary arterial hypertension
Authors: Ferreira Eloara M. , Arakaki Jaquelina S. Ota‐ , B. Barbosa Priscila , Siqueira Ana Cristina B. , Bravo Daniela M. , Kapins Carlos Eduardo B. , Silva Célia Maria C. , Nery Luiz Eduardo , Alberto Neder J. 
Published: April 2012

SummaryBackgroundHaemodynamic responses to exercise are related to physical impairment and worse prognosis in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). It is clinically relevant, therefore, to investigate the practical usefulness of non‐invasive methods of monitoring exercise haemodynamics in this patient population.MethodsUsing a novel impedance cardiography (ICG) approach that does not require basal impedance estimations and relies on a morphological analysis of the impedance signal (Signal‐Morphology‐ICG™), stroke volume (SV) and cardiac index (CI) were evaluated in 50 patients and 21 age‐matched controls during a ramp‐incremental cardiopulmonary exercise testing.ResultsTechnically unacceptable readings were found in 12 of 50 (24%) patients. In the remaining subjects, early decrease (N = 9) or a ‘plateau’ in SV (N = 8) and Δ (peak‐unloaded exercise) SV <10 ml were markers of more advanced PAH (P<0.05). ΔCI ≤ 1.5‐fold and early estimated lactate threshold were the only independent predictors of a severely reduced peak oxygen uptake (O2) in patients (R2 = 0.71, P<0.001). The finding of ΔCI ≤ 1.5‐fold plus peak O2 < 50% predicted was associated with a number of clinical and functional markers of disease severity (P<0.001). In addition, abnormal SV responses and ΔCI ≤ 1.5‐fold were significantly related to 1‐year frequency of PAH‐related adverse events (death and balloon atrial septostomy, N = 8; P<0.05).Conclusions‘Qualitative’ and ‘semi‐quantitative’ signal‐morphology impedance cardiography™ (PhysioFlow™) during incremental exercise provided clinically useful information to estimate disease severity and short‐term prognosis in patients with PAH in whom acceptable impedance signals could be obtained.
Biphasic clearance of incompatible red blood cells through a novel mechanism requiring neither complement nor Fcγ receptors in a murine model
Authors: Liepkalns Justine S. , Hod Eldad A. , Stowell Sean R. , Cadwell Chantel M. , Spitalnik Steven L. , Zimring James C. 
Published: April 2012

BACKGROUND: Antibody binding to red blood cells (RBCs) can induce potentially fatal outcomes, including hemolytic transfusion reactions (HTRs), hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn, and autoimmune hemolytic anemia. The mechanism(s) of RBC destruction following antibody binding is typically thought to require complement activation and/or the involvement of Fcγ receptors (FcγRs). In the current report, we analyzed mechanisms of HTRs during incompatible transfusions of murine RBCs expressing human glycophorin A (hGPA) into mice with anti‐hGPA.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: C3 and Fcγ receptor knockout, splenectomized, Fcγ receptor blocking antibody–treated, and clodronate‐treated mice were passively immunized with anti‐hGPA (10F7 or 6A7) and transfused with RBCs expressing the hGPA antigen. Posttransfusion blood and serum were collected and analyzed via flow cytometry and confocal microscopy.RESULTS: This HTR model results in both rapid clearance and cytokine storm. Neither complement nor FcγRs were required for RBC clearance; in contrast, FcγRs were required for cytokine storm. Circulating aggregates of hGPA RBCs were visible during the HTR. Splenectomy and phagocyte depletion by clodronate had no effect on acute RBC clearance; however, incompatible RBCs reentered over 24 hours in clodronate‐treated mice.CONCLUSION: These data demonstrate a biphasic HTR, the first phase involving sequestration of incompatible hGPA RBCs and the second phase involving phagocytosis of sequestered RBCs. However, the mechanism(s) of phagocytosis in the second phase required neither C3 nor FcγRs. These findings demonstrate novel mechanistic biology of HTRs.
A review on decision support for massive transfusion: understanding human factors to support the implementation of complex interventions in trauma
Authors: Enticott Joanne C. , Jeffcott Shelly , Ibrahim Joseph E. , Wood Erica M. , Cole‐Sinclair Merrole , Fitzgerald Mark , Cameron Peter A. , Phillips Louise E. 
Published: April 2012

BACKGROUND: Critically bleeding trauma patients require coordinated and efficient decision‐making processes to ensure optimal management of their massive transfusion (MT) requirements. Human factors (HFs) is a discipline that investigates factors influencing work processes from the organizational, group, and individual levels. Given the complexity of trauma resuscitation, implementing any intervention for decision support in MT is challenging and may benefit from a HFs‐assisted approach.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: A systematic review was performed to identify reports of the introduction of any type of decision support for the provision of MT in critically bleeding adult trauma patients. Crucial contributions reported to influence design and uptake of the intervention were categorized into four HFs categories (environment, human, machine, and task). Extracted information was supplemented by surveying the contact authors. Evidence of clinical practice changes resulting from the intervention was also considered.RESULTS: We identified nine studies that had reported an intervention implementing new practice guidelines or a MT protocol. All were before‐and‐after comparative cohort studies and used historical controls as the preintervention cohort.CONCLUSION: Based on the identified reports, this review provides a HFs‐assisted approach to aid clinicians and policy makers with the implementation of decision support for MT in the trauma care setting.
Impact of storage temperature and processing delays on cord blood quality: discrepancy between functional in vitro and in vivo assays
Authors: Louis Isabelle , Wagner Eric , Dieng Mame M. , Morin Hugo , Champagne Martin A. , Haddad Elie 
Published: April 2012

BACKGROUND: Optimal conditions of cord blood (CB) storage, processing, cryopreservation, and thawing are critical for banking and transplantation. Nevertheless, standardized procedures are still awaited.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: We evaluated the impact of preprocessing storage and temperature on recovery, viability, and functional differentiation capacities of hematopoietic progenitor cells. We compared units stored at room temperature (RT) or at 4°C for 72 hours before cryopreservation to units processed shortly after collection (<12 hr).RESULTS: Postthaw results showed similar in vitro characteristics between immediate processing and 4°C storage for cell recovery and viability, both significantly higher than RT storage. Surprisingly, we demonstrated that storage of CB units at RT before processing and cryopreservation profoundly altered in vivo hematopoietic reconstitution in mice, although in vitro hematopoietic colony‐forming unit potential was unaltered.CONCLUSION: Our findings challenge current CB storage practices and suggest standard in vitro quality assessments may not always be indicative of CB engraftment potential.
Atrioventricular Conduction After Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation and Surgical Aortic Valve Replacement
Authors: ROTEN LAURENT , STORTECKY STEFAN , SCARCIA FLAVIO , KADNER ALEXANDER , TANNER HILDEGARD , DELACRÉTAZ ETIENNE , MEIER BERNHARD , WINDECKER STEPHAN , CARREL THIERRY , WENAWESER PETER 
Published: April 2012

AV Conduction After TAVI and SAVR. Introduction: Atrioventricular conduction abnormalities (AVCA) may complicate transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) and surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR). The aim of this study was to prospectively evaluate AVCA after TAVI and SAVR.Methods and Results: Among 50 patients undergoing TAVI and 25 patients undergoing SAVR a continuous 7‐day Holter electrocardiogram (ECG) was recorded after the procedure. ECGs during TAVI and 12‐lead ECGs before and 1 and 7 days after TAVI and SAVR were analyzed. At baseline, TAVI patients were older (mean 82.1 vs 75.4, P < 0.001), had a longer PR interval (median 200 milliseconds vs 175 milliseconds, P = 0.004) and broader QRS width (median 100 milliseconds vs 80 milliseconds, P = 0.007) than SAVR patients. New AVCA were observed among 29 TAVI patients (58%), mostly new left bundle branch block (76%). Predilatation induced new AVCA in 14 TAVI patients (28%). New AVCA resolved within 24 hours in 15 TAVI patients (30%), and persisted in 14 TAVI (28%) and 3 SAVR patients (12%, P = 0.12). Among patients with persistent QRS width <120 milliseconds during the first 24 hours after TAVI, QRS width remained stable during the remainder of the observation period. During Holter monitoring complete AV block was observed in 4 TAVI patients (8%) and 3 SAVR patients (12%; P = 0.68).Conclusions: Almost half of AVCA during TAVI are induced by predilatation, but half of them resolve within 24 hours. Persistent AVCA are more frequently observed after TAVI than SAVR. If QRS width is below 120 milliseconds the first day after TAVI, the risk of late AVCA seems low. (J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol, Vol. 23 pp. 1115‐1122, October 2012)
Low Rate of Atrial Fibrillation Recurrence Verified by Implantable Loop Recorder Monitoring Following a Convergent Epicardial and Endocardial Ablation of Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: GERSAK BORUT , PERNAT ANDREJ , ROBIC BORIS , SINKOVEC MATJAZ 
Published: April 2012

Implantable Loop Recorder Monitoring Outcomes for the Convergent AF Procedure. Objective: Evaluate long‐term outcomes in patients undergoing the Convergent procedure (CP) for the treatment of atrial fibrillation (AF).Background: The CP provides a multidisciplinary approach, combining endoscopic creation of epicardial linear lesions followed by endocardial mapping and ablation and targets persistent and longstanding persistent AF patients who are at increased risk of heart failure, stroke, and mortality.Methods: Outcomes from a prospective nonrandomized study were recorded for consecutive patients by interrogation of implanted Reveal® monitors. Rhythm status and AF burden were quantified 6–24 months postprocedure, and compared relative to AF type, gender, age, body mass index, left atrial size, left ventricular ejection fraction, and congestive heart failure, hypertension, age >75 years, age between 65 and 74 years, stroke/TIA/TE, vascular disease (previous MI, peripheral arterial disease or aortic plaque), diabetes mellitus, female (CHA2DS2VASc).Results: A total of 50 patients were enrolled with 94% having persistent or longstanding persistent AF. There were 2 atrioesophageal fistulas reported. In one patient, the fistula resulted in death at 33 days postprocedure; in the second, the fistula was surgically repaired but patient died 8 months postprocedure from a CVI. After CP, 95% of patients were in sinus rhythm at 6‐month follow‐up; 88% at 12 months; and 87% at 24 months. The median AF burden recorded with Reveal XT monitors was 0.0%, 0.1%, and 0.1% at 6, 12, and 24 months with 81%, 81%, and 87% of patients reporting a burden less than 3%, respectively.Conclusion: Using 24 × 7 continuous loop recording, the CP demonstrated success in treating persistent and longstanding persistent AF patients. Endocardial mapping and catheter ablation with diagnostic confirmation of procedural success complemented the endoscopic creation of epicardial linear lesions in restoring sinus rhythm. (J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol, Vol. 23 pp. 1059‐1066, October 2012)