bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The value of urinary exosomal microRNA‐21 in the early diagnosis and prognosis of bladder cancer
Authors: Yang Fu‐Kan , Tian Chao , Zhou Lin‐Xiong , Guan Tian‐Yu , Chen Gui‐Liu , Zheng Yi‐Ying , Cao Zheng‐Guo 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBladder cancer (BC) poses high morbidity and mortality, with urinary exosomal microRNA (miR)‐21 showing potential value in its diagnosis and prognosis, and we probed its specific role. We prospectively selected 116 BC patients and 116 healthy volunteers as the BC and control groups, respectively. BC urinary exosomal miR‐146a‐5p, miR‐93‐5p, miR‐663b, miR‐21, and miR‐4454 relative expression levels were assessed. The correlations between clinical indexes and urinary exosomal miR‐21, prognostic value of miR‐21, and diagnostic value of the five candidate miRNAs, urine cytology, and miRNA joint diagnostic panel for BC and urinary exosomal miR‐21, miR‐4454, and urine cytology for Ta‐T1 and T2‐T4 stage BC were analyzed. Urinary exosomal miR‐146a‐5p, miR‐93‐5p, miR‐663b, miR‐21, and miR‐4454 were highly expressed in BC patients. miR‐146a‐5p, miR‐93‐5p, miR‐663b, miR‐21, miR‐4454, miRNA combined diagnostic panel, and urine cytology had certain diagnostic value for BC, with miR‐21, miR‐4454, and miRNA co‐diagnostic panel showing the highest diagnostic value. Collectively, urinary exosomal miR‐21 was closely related to Tumor‐Node‐Metastasis staging and grading in BC patients. Urinary exosomal miR‐21 had high diagnostic value for BC and Ta‐T1 and T2‐T4 stage BC, and had high predictive value for BC poor prognosis, providing an effective indicator for the occurrence, development, and prognostic assessment of BC.
The olfactory diary: Tracking awareness and consciousness of the sense of smell throughout the day
Authors: Liu David T. , Besser Gerold , Moser Veronika , Prem Bernhard , Sharma Gunjan , Ehrgott Marie , Renner Bertold , Mueller Christian A. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractObjectivesThe aim of the present study was to follow the daily course of patients with olfactory dysfunction and healthy controls and to assess (i) how many times a day, (ii) at which time, and (iii) in which aspect of daily life participants are conscious about their sense of smell.MethodsIn this longitudinal study, 49 patients with smell loss and 30 healthy participants were enrolled. Olfactory function was assessed using the Sniffin’ Sticks. All participants received paper diaries designed for a 14‐day period, featuring 12 rows representing 12 daily hours and six columns for various daily life aspects. They were instructed to mark their awareness of smell by indicating the relevant row and column in the diary. Following the return of the diaries, a second olfactory test was conducted within the patient group.ResultsOn average, patients were consciously aware of their sense of smell around 8 times daily, while healthy participants noted it about 6.5 times a day. Both groups primarily focused on their sense of smell during activities related to “eating,” followed by considerations in “social life” and “personal hygiene.” Interestingly, distinct patterns emerged: patients peaked in awareness at 8 a.m. and 7 p.m., whereas healthy individuals showed peaks at 6 a.m., 12 p.m., and 7 p.m. Despite regular diary use, we observed no improvement in patients' olfactory function or related quality of life.ConclusionThe olfactory diary is a valuable tool unveiling individual smell awareness patterns in patients with smell loss, aiding in counseling and patient management.Level of Evidence4
Multimodal diagnosis of cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea: State of the art review and emerging concepts
Authors: Torabi Sina J. , Abiri Arash , Chen Xinlei , Senel Mehmet , Hsu Frank P. K. , Lupták Andrej , Khine Michelle , Kuan Edward C. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractObjectiveCurrently, diagnosis of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) rhinorrhea relies on a multimodal approach, increasing costs and ultimately delaying diagnosis. In the United States and internationally, the crux of such a diagnosis relies on confirmation testing (via biomarkers) and localization (e.g., imaging). Biomarker testing may require analysis at an outside facility, resulting in delays diagnosis and treatment. In addition, specialized imaging may be nonspecific and often requires an active leak for diagnosis. There remains a clear need for innovative new technology.MethodsA comprehensive review was conducted on both foundational and innovative scholarly articles regarding current and emerging diagnosis modalities for CSF.ResultsCurrent modalities in CSF rhinorrhea diagnosis and localization include laboratory tests (namely, B2T immunofixation), imaging (CT and/or MRI) with or without intrathecal administration, and surgical exploration. Each of these modalities carry flaws, risks, and benefits, ultimately contributing to delays in diagnosis and morbidity. Promising emerging technologies include lateral flow immunoassays (LFI) and biologically functionalized field‐effect transistors (BioFET). Nevertheless, these carry some drawbacks of their own, and require further validation.ConclusionCSF rhinorrhea remains a challenging diagnosis, requiring a multimodal approach to differentiate from nonpathologic causes of rhinorrhea. Current methods in diagnosis are imperfect, as the ideal test would be a readily accessible, inexpensive, rapid, highly accurate point‐of‐care test without the need for excess fluid or specialized processing. Critical work is being done to develop promising, new, improved tests, though a clear successor has not yet emerged.Level of EvidenceN/A
Assessment of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps: Development of the Nasal Polyp Patient Assessment Scoring Sheet tool
Authors: Alsaleh Saad , Kamal Nehal , Hopkins Claire , Al Rand Hussain , Marglani Osama A. , Alterki Abdulmohsen , Abu Suliman Omar , Alandejani Talal , Kamel Reda , Al Abri Rashid , Alotaibi Naif H. , Al Amadi Ahmad , Bahakim Abdullah , Han Joseph K. , Javer Amin , Sedaghat Ahmad R. , Gevaert Philippe 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundChronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a heterogeneous disorder with a wide range of validated subjective and objective assessment tools to assess disease severity. However, a comprehensive and easy‐to‐use tool that integrates these measures for determining disease severity and response to treatment is still obscure. The objective of this study was to develop a standardized assessment tool that facilitates diagnosis, uniform patient monitoring, and comparison of treatment outcomes between different centers both in routine clinical practice and in research.MethodsTo develop this tool, published literature on assessment tools was searched on various databases. A panel of 12 steering committee members conducted an advisory board meeting to review the findings. Specific outcome measures to be included in a comprehensive assessment tool and follow‐up sheet were then collated following consensus approval from the panel. The tool was further validated for content and revised with expert recommendations to arrive at the finalized Nasal Polyp Patient Assessment Scoring Sheet (N‐PASS) tool.ResultsThe N‐PASS tool was developed by integrating the subjective and objective measures for CRS assessment. Based on expert opinions, N‐PASS was revised to be used as an easy‐to‐use guidance tool that captures patient‐reported and physician‐assessed components for comprehensively assessing disease status and response to treatment.ConclusionThe N‐PASS tool can be used to aid in the diagnosis and management of CRS cases with nasal polyps. The tool would also aid in improved monitoring of patients and pave the way for an international disease registry.Level of evidenceOxford Level 3.
Formal model theory and higher topology
Authors: Di Liberti Ivan 
Published: May 2024

AbstractWe study the 2‐categories BIon, of (generalized) bounded ionads, and , of accessible categories with directed colimits, as an abstract framework to approach formal model theory. We relate them to topoi and (lex) geometric sketches, which serve as categorical specifications of geometric theories. We provide reconstruction and completeness‐like results. We relate abstract elementary classes to locally decidable topoi. We introduce the notion of categories of saturated objects and relate it to atomic topoi.
Adding highly generic subsets of ω2$\omega _2$
Authors: Naveh Rouholah Hoseini , Golshani Mohammed , Eslami Esfandiar 
Published: May 2024

AbstractStarting from the generalized continuum hypothesis (), we build a cardinal and preserving generic extension of the universe, in which there exists a set of size so that every countably infinite subset of or is Cohen generic over the ground model.
Curcuminoid PBPD induces cuproptosis and endoplasmic reticulum stress in cervical cancer via the Notch1/RBP‐J/NRF2/FDX1 pathway
Authors: Zhang Min‐Jie , Shi Mengna , Yu Yang , Ou Rongying , Ge Ren‐shan , Duan Ping 
Published: May 2024

AbstractCurcumin has been shown to have antitumor properties, but its low potency and bioavailability has limited its clinical application. We designed a novel curcuminoid, [1‐propyl‐3,5‐bis(2‐bromobenzylidene)‐4‐piperidinone] (PBPD), which has higher antitumor strength and improves bioavailability. Cell counting kit‐8 was used to detect cell activity. Transwell assay was used to detect cell invasion and migration ability. Western blot and quantitative polymerase chain reaction were used to detect protein levels and their messenger RNA expression. Immunofluorescence was used to detect the protein location. PBPD significantly inhibited the proliferation of cervical cancer cells, with an IC50 value of 4.16 μM for Hela cells and 3.78 μM for SiHa cells, leading to the induction of cuproptosis. Transcriptome sequencing analysis revealed that PBPD significantly inhibited the Notch1/Recombination Signal Binding Protein for Immunoglobulin kappa J Region (RBP‐J) and nuclear factor erythroid 2‐related factor 2 (NRF2) signaling pathways while upregulating ferredoxin 1 (FDX1) expression. Knockdown of Notch1 or RBP‐J significantly inhibited NRF2 expression and upregulated FDX1 expression, leading to the inhibition of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate activity and the induction of oxidative stress, which in turn activated endoplasmic reticulum stress and induced cell death. The overexpression of Notch1 or RBP‐J resulted in the enrichment of RBP‐J within the NRF2 promoter region, thereby stimulating NRF2 transcription. NRF2 knockdown resulted in increase in FDX1 expression, leading to cuproptosis. In addition, PBPD inhibited the acidification of tumor niche and reduced cell metabolism to inhibit cervical cancer cell invasion and migration. In conclusion, PBPD significantly inhibits the proliferation, invasion, and migration of cervical cancer cells and may be a novel potential drug candidate for treatment of cervical cancer.
Preoperative prediction of lymph node metastasis in colorectal cancer using 18F‐FDG PET/CT peritumoral radiomics analysis
Authors: Wang Yan , Zhao Hongyue , Fu Peng , Tian Lin , Su Yexin , Lyu Zhehao , Gu Wenchao , Wang Yang , Liu Shan , Wang Xi , Zheng Han , Du Jingjing , Zhang Rui 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundRadiomics has been used in the diagnosis of tumor lymph node metastasis (LNM). However, to date, most studies have been based on intratumoral radiomics. Few studies have focused on the use of 18F‐fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission computed tomography (18F‐FDG PET/CT) peritumoral radiomics for the diagnosis of LNM in colorectal cancer (CRC).PurposeDetermining the value of radiomics features extracted from 18F‐FDG PET/CT images of the peritumoral region in predicting LNM in patients with CRC.MethodsThe clinical data and preoperative 18F‐FDG PET/CT images of 244 CRC patients were retrospectively analyzed. Intratumoral and peritumoral radiomics features were screened using the mutual information method, and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression. Based on the selected radiomics features, a radiomics score (Rad‐score) was calculated, and independent risk factors obtained from univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to construct clinical and combined (Radiomics + Clinical) models. The performance of these models was evaluated using the DeLong test, while their clinical utility was assessed by decision curve analysis. Finally, a nomogram was constructed to visualize the predictive model.ResultsThe most optimal set of features retained by the feature filtering process were all peritumoral radiomic features. Carcinoembryonic antigen levels, PET/CT‐reported lymph node status and Rad‐score were found to be independent risk factors for LNM. All three LNM risk assessment models exhibited good predictive performance, with the combined model showing the best classification results, with areas under the curve of 0.85 and 0.76 in the training and validation groups, respectively. The DeLong test revealed that the performance of the combined model was superior to that of the clinical and radiomics models in both the training and validation groups, although this difference was only statistically significant in the training group. DCA indicated that the combined model displayed better clinical utility.Conclusions18F‐FDG PET/CT peritumoral radiomics is uniquely suited to predict the presence of LNM in patients with CRC. In particular, the predictive efficacy of LNM for precision therapy and individualized patient management can be improved by using a combination of clinical risk factors.
Network analysis of additional clinical features of (Internet) gaming disorder
Authors: Martončik Marcel , Adamkovič Matúš , Ropovik Ivan 
Published: May 2024

AbstractObjectivesThere are dozens of screening instruments purporting to measure the (Internet) gaming disorder (IGD/GD). The two prominent diagnostic manuals, DSM‐5 and ICD‐11, list several additional diagnostic or clinical features and problems (e.g., neglect of sleep, neglect of daily duties, health deterioration) that should co‐occur or be caused by the IGD/GD. It remains unclear how specific IGD/GD operationalizations (different screening scales) are related to these functional impairments.MethodsTo explore this, data on six measures of IGD/GD (IGDS9‐SF, GDSS, GDT, GAMES test, two self‐assessments) and 18 additional diagnostic features were collected from a sample of 1009 players who play digital games at least 13 h per week. A network approach was utilized to determine which operationalization is most strongly associated with functional impairment.ResultsIn most of the networks, IGD/GD consistently emerged as the most central node.ConclusionThe similar centrality of IGD/GD, irrespective of its definition (DSM‐5 or ICD‐11) or operationalization, provides support for the valid comparison or synthesis of results from studies that used instruments coming from both DSM‐5 and ICD‐11 ontologies, but only if the goal is to evaluate IGD/GD relationships to other phenomena, not the relationships between the symptoms themselves.
Successful dietary changes correlate with weight‐loss outcomes in a new dietary weight‐loss program
Authors: Lee Mindy H. , Shaffer Annabelle , Alfouzan Nouf W. , Applegate Catherine C. , Hsu Jennie C. , Erdman John W. , Nakamura Manabu T. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundCurrently available behavioral and dietary weight‐loss programs lack magnitude and sustainability compared with bariatric surgery. A novel dietary weight‐loss program was developed to assist participants in achieving sustainable diet changes by building knowledge and skills in food self‐selection. Although the approach worked, a large variation was observed in outcome among participants.ObjectiveDetermine factors affecting weight‐loss outcomes among participants to further improve the efficacy of the program.MethodsParticipants attended 19 dietary educational sessions during a 1‐year intervention which included prescribed homework. Changes in weight, diet, and body composition were assessed.ResultsParticipants (n = 22) achieved mean body weight loss of −6.49(8.37%, p < 0.001) from baseline at 12 months. Nine participants (41%) achieved weight loss >5% of initial bodyweight; two reached a Body Mass Index 25 kg/m2. A large divergence in weight loss among participants was observed; successful (n = 9) achieved −12.9(9.6)% while unsuccessful achieved −2.03(2.78)%. Dietary protein and fiber density by 24‐h records showed a significant and inverse correlation with weight loss (%) throughout the program. Weight loss at 3 months and 12 months showed a strong correlation (r = 0.84). Participants with self‐reported depression lost significantly less weight than those without depression at 12 months (p < 0.03).ConclusionsDivergence in weight‐loss outcomes among the participants is likely due to a difference in successful dietary implementation. Intra‐cohort analysis indicates early weight‐loss success and early dietary implementation was predictive of long‐term success.
Multiplex imaging reveals spatially resolved DNA‐damage response neighborhoods in TP53‐mutated myelodysplastic neoplasms
Authors: Yeung Tony , Zhang Yi , Kennedy Bridget , Walsh Cara , Love Tanzy , Xia Daniel , Bhattacharya Anindro , Krishnan Rahul G , Head David , Burack Richard 
Published: May 2024

AbstractWhile increased DNA damage is a well‐described feature of myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML), it is unclear whether all lineages and all regions of the marrow are homogeneously affected. In this study, we performed immunohistochemistry on formalin‐fixed, paraffin‐embedded whole‐section bone marrow biopsies using a well‐established antibody to detect pH2A.X (phosphorylated histone variant H2A.X) that recognizes DNA double‐strand breaks. Focusing on TP53‐mutated and complex karyotype MDS/AML, we find a greater pH2A.X+ DNA damage burden compared to TP53 wild‐type neoplastic cases and non‐neoplastic controls. To understand how double‐strand breaks vary between lineages and spatially in TP53‐mutated specimens, we applied a low‐multiplex immunofluorescence staining and spatial analysis protocol to visualize pH2A.X+ cells with p53 protein staining and lineage markers. pH2A.X marked predominantly mid‐ to late‐stage erythroids, whereas early erythroids and CD34+ blasts were relatively spared. In a prototypical example, these pH2A.X+ erythroids were organized locally as distinct colonies, and each colony displayed pH2A.X+ puncta at a synchronous level. This highly coordinated immunophenotypic expression was also seen for p53 protein staining and among presumed early myeloid colonies. Neighborhood clustering analysis showed distinct marrow regions differentially enriched in pH2A.X+/p53+ erythroid or myeloid colonies, indicating spatial heterogeneity of DNA‐damage response and p53 protein expression. The lineage and architectural context within which DNA damage phenotype and oncogenic protein are expressed is relevant to current therapeutic developments that leverage macrophage phagocytosis to remove leukemic cells in part due to irreparable DNA damage. © 2024 The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
Research on quality marker based on the processing from Aconiti lateralis radix praeparata to Heishunpian
Authors: Xue Rong , Zhang Qian , Mei Xi , Wang Bin , Su Lianlin , Mao Chunqin , Guo Zhi Jun , Gao Bo , Ji De , Lu Tulin 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIntroductionAconiti lateralis radix praeparata (ALRP), the sub root of Aconitum carmichaelii Debx., is a traditional Chinese medicine with good pharmacological effects. Heishunpian (HSP), prepared through the process of brine immersing, boiling, rinsing, dyeing, and steaming ALRP is one of the most widely used forms of decoction pieces in clinical practice.ObjectivesThis study aims to investigate the mechanisms of component changes and transformations during the processing from ALRP to HSP, and to screen for their quality markers through UHPLC‐QTOF‐MS analysis.MethodsSamples from ALRP to HSP during processing were prepared and analyzed by UHPLC‐QTOF‐MS. By comparing the differences between before and after each processing step, the purpose of processing and the transformation of components during processing were studied. In addition, multiple batches of ALRP and HSP were determined, and potential quality markers were screened.ResultsThrough the analysis of ALRP and five key processing samples, 55 components were identified. Immersing in brine, rinsing, and dyeing were the main factors of component loss, and boiling caused a slight loss of components. Some components were enhanced during the steaming process. Combining the screened differences components between multiple ALRP and HSP, 10 components were considered as potential quality biomarkers.ConclusionThis study found that the adjacent hydroxyl groups of the ester group may have a positive impact on the hydrolysis of the ester group, and 10 quality markers were preliminarily screened. It provides a reference for quality control and clinical application of ALRP and HSP.
Association of right aortic arch and agenesis of ductus arteriosus in prenatal tetralogy of Fallot spectrum and its clinical implications
Authors: Walter Adeline , Herberg Ulrike , Calite Elina , Geipel Annegret , Recker Florian , Strizek Brigitte , Berg Christoph , Gembruch Ulrich 
Published: May 2024

AbstractObjectiveIn our center, we observed an increased frequency of right aortic arch (RAA) with an agenesis of the ductus arteriosus (ADA) in prenatally diagnosed tetralogy of Fallot (ToF) and its variations. This study aimed to determine whether there is an association of RAA and ADA in fetuses with ToF. Distribution of genetic anomalies and impact on postnatal outcome were further evaluated.MethodSingle‐center retrospective observational study including pregnancies with prenatal diagnosis of ToF from 2010 to 2023. All cases were subdivided into ToF with pulmonary stenosis (PS) and pulmonary atresia (PA). Clinical and echocardiographic databases were reviewed for pregnancy outcome, genetic anomalies, and postnatal course.ResultsThe cohort included 169 cases, 124 (73.4%) with ToF/PS and 45(26.6%) with ToF/PA. Agenesis of the ductus arteriosus was significantly associated with RAA in both subtypes of ToF (p = 0.001) compared to left aortic arch and found in 82.5% (33/40) versus 10.7% (9/84) of fetuses with ToF/PS and in 57.1% (8/14) versus 12.9% (4/31) of fetuses with ToF/PA. In both ToF/PS and ToF/PA, RAA/ADA versus RAA/patent DA revealed a significantly higher risk for the presence of genetic abnormalities, especially microdeletion 22q11.2, major aorto‐pulmonary collateral arteries and a shorter time to complete surgical repair.ConclusionWe demonstrated a significantly increased frequency of RAA/ADA in patients with prenatally diagnosed ToF. Although this association revealed no significant impact on overall survival, the prenatal detection of RAA/ADA has implications for counseling, genetic evaluation and postnatal management.