bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cranial base abnormalities in osteogenesis imperfecta: Phenotypic and genotypic determinants
Authors: Cheung Moira S , Arponen Heidi , Roughley Peter , Azouz Michel E , Glorieux Francis H , Waltimo-Sirén Janna , Rauch Frank 
Published: August 2010

Abstract
Cranial base abnormalities are an important complication of osteogenesis imperfecta (OI), a hereditary bone fragility disorder that in most patients is caused by mutations affecting collagen type I. To elucidate which clinical characteristics are associated with the occurrence of cranial base abnormalities in OI, we compared cephalometric results of 187 OI patients (median age 12.0 years, range 3.4 to 47 years; 96 female) with those of 191 healthy subjects and related findings to clinical descriptors of the disease. Overall, 41 patients (22%) had at least one unambiguously abnormal skull base measure. Multivariate logistic regression analysis in patients with OI types I, III, and IV (n = 169) revealed that height Z-score [odds ratio (OR) = 0.53, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.43–0.66, p &lt; .001]—but not age, gender, scleral hue, lumbar spine areal bone mineral density, or a history of bisphosphonate treatment—was a significant independent determinant of skull base abnormalities. Among patients with a height Z-score below –3, 48% had a skull base abnormality regardless of whether they had received bisphosphonate treatment in the first year of life or not. Genotype-phenotype correlations were evaluated in patients with detectable mutations in COL1A1 or COL1A2, the genes coding for collagen type I (n = 140). Skull base abnormalities were present in 6% of patients with haploinsufficiency (frameshift or nonsense) mutations, in 43% of patients with helical glycine substitutions caused by COL1A1 mutations, in 32% of patients with helical glycine substitutions owing to COL1A2 mutations, and in 17% of patients with splice-site mutations affecting either COL1A1 or COL1A2. However, multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that height Z-score but not the type of collagen type I mutation was independently associated with the prevalence of skull base abnormalities. In conclusion, this study shows that clinical severity of OI, as expressed by the height Z-score, was the strongest predictor of skull base abnormalities. We did not find evidence for the hypothesis that bisphosphonate treatment protects against skull base abnormalities. © 2011 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Prevalence of low bone mineral density in a low-income inner-city population
Authors: El-Maouche Diala , Xu Xiaoqiang , Cofrancesco Joseph , Dobs Adrian S , Brown Todd T 
Published: August 2010

Abstract
Bone mineral density (BMD) is an important factor linked to bone health. Little is known of the prevalence of low BMD and its associated risk factors in an urban underserved population. Between 2001 and 2004, we recruited 338 subjects who completed drug use and medical history questionnaires, underwent hormonal measurements, and underwent whole-body dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) for evaluation of BMD and body composition. Of these, 132 subjects had site-specific DXA (lumbar spine and hip) performed. Osteoporosis was defined as a T-score of –2.5 or less for men 50 years of age and older and postmenopausal women and a Z-score of –2.0 or less in men younger than 50 years of age and premenopausal women at either the lumbar spine, total hip, or femoral neck, according to National Osteoporosis Foundation (NOF) guidelines. The cohort consisted of mostly African-American, middle-aged people with a high prevalence of illicit drug use, 50% HIV+, and 39% hepatitis C+. Osteoporosis was identified in 22% of subjects (24 men, 5 women), with the majority of cases (90%) attributable to osteoporosis at the lumbar spine. Osteoporosis was more common in men than in women. Lower whole-body BMD among women was associated with multiple risk factors, but only with lower lean mass among men. Osteoporosis was highly prevalent in men, mainly at the spine. The risk factors for bone loss in this population need to be further clarified. Screening men for osteoporosis starting at age 50 might be warranted in this population given the multiple risk factors and the unexpectedly high prevalence of low BMD. © 2011 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Besov‐Morrey spaces and Triebel‐Lizorkin‐Morrey spaces on domains
Authors: Sawano Yoshihiro 
Published: August 2010

AbstractThe purpose of this paper is to develop a theory of the Besov‐Morrey spaces and the Triebel‐Lizorkin‐Morrey spaces on domains in Rn. We consider the pointwise multiplier operator, the trace operator, the extension operator and the diffeomorphism operator. Not only to domains in Rn we extend our definition of function spaces to compact oriented Riemannian manifolds. Among the properties above, the result for the trace operator is in particular interesting, which reflects the property of the parameters p, q in the Morrey space ℳ︁pq (© 2010 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Weak homogeneity in generalized function algebras
Authors: Vernaeve Hans 
Published: August 2010

AbstractIn this paper, weakly homogeneous generalized functions in the special Colombeau algebras are determined up to equality in the sense of generalized distributions. This yields characterizations that are formally similar to distribution theory. Further, we give several characterizations of equality in the sense of generalized distributions in these algebras (© 2010 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Skeletons of monomial ideals
Authors: Herzog Jürgen , Jahan Ali Soleyman , Zheng Xinxian 
Published: August 2010

AbstractIn analogy to the skeletons of a simplicial complex and their Stanley–Reisner ideals we introduce the skeletons of an arbitrary monomial ideal I ⊂ S = K [x1, …, xn ]. This allows us to compute the depth of S /I in terms of its skeleton ideals. We apply these techniques to show that Stanley's conjecture on Stanley decompositions of S /I holds provided it holds whenever S /I is Cohen–Macaulay. We also discuss a conjecture of Soleyman Jahan and show that it suffices to prove his conjecture for monomial ideals with linear resolution (© 2010 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Molecular property–affinity relationship of flavanoids and flavonoids for HSA in vitro
Authors: Xiao Jianbo , Chen Tingting , Cao Hui , Chen Longsheng , Yang Fan 
Published: August 2010

AbstractThe relationship between the structural properties of selected dietary flavanoids and flavonoids and their affinities for HSA were investigated by fluorescence analysis. The binding process with HSA was strongly influenced by the structural differences of the compounds under study. Methylation of hydroxyl groups improved the affinities for HSA by 2–16‐fold. Hydroxylation on rings A, B, and C also affected the affinity for HSA significantly. Glycosylation decreased the affinities for HSA by 1–3 orders of magnitude depending on the conjugation site and the class of sugar moiety. Hydrogenation of the C2=C3 double bond also decreased the binding affinity. Galloylated catechins and pyrogallol‐type catechins exhibited higher binding affinities for HSA than non‐galloylated and catechol‐type catechins, respectively. The affinities for HSA increased with increasing partition coefficients and decreased with increasing hydrogen bond donor and acceptor numbers of flava(o)noids, which suggested that the binding interaction was mainly caused by hydrophobic forces.
Chemoprevention of colonic tumorigenesis by dietary hydroxylated polymethoxyflavones in azoxymethane‐treated mice
Authors: Lai Ching‐Shu , Tsai Mei‐Ling , Cheng An‐Chin , Li Shiming , Lo Chih‐Yu , Wang Yu , Xiao Hang , Ho Chi‐Tang , Wang Ying‐Jan , Pan Min‐Hsiung 
Published: August 2010

AbstractScope: Hydroxylated polymethoxyflavones (PMFs), existing exclusively in citrus genus, have been reported to exhibit a broad spectrum of biological activity. Here we investigated the chemopreventive effects and underlying molecular mechanisms of dietary administration of hydroxylated PMFs in an azoxymethane (AOM)‐induced colonic tumorigenesis model.Methods and results: Male, Institute of Cancer Research (ICR), mice at age of 6 wk were injected with AOM twice weekly at a dose of 5 mg/kg for 2 wk and continuously fed control diet or diets containing 0.01 and 0.05% hydroxylated PMFs, respectively. Mice were then sacrificed at 6 and 20 wk, and colonic tissues were collected and examined. Hydroxylated PMFs feeding dose‐dependently decreased the number of aberrant crypt foci in colonic tissues of mice. More importantly, we found that hydroxylated PMFs caused a strong reduction in numbers of large aberrant crypt foci and tumors in colonic tissue. Molecular analysis exhibited the anti‐proliferative, anti‐inflammatory, anti‐angiogenic and pro‐apoptotic activities of hydroxylated PMFs by significantly decreasing the levels of inducible nitric oxide synthase, cyclooxygenase, cyclin D1 and vascular endothelial growth factor through interfering with Wnt/β‐catenin and epidermal growth factor receptor/Ras/mitogen‐activated protein kinase signaling pathways as well as the activation of transcription factors NF‐κB and STAT3 in colonic tissue, thus resulting in suppression of colonic tumorigenesis.Conclusion: Taken together, these results demonstrated for the first time the in vivo chemopreventive efficacy and molecular mechanisms of dietary hydroxylated PMFs against AOM‐induced colonic tumorigenesis.
Asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) induces chronic kidney disease through a mechanism involving collagen and TGF‐β1 synthesis
Authors: Mihout Fabrice , Shweke Nasim , Bigé Naïke , Jouanneau Chantal , Dussaule Jean‐Claude , Ronco Pierre , Chatziantoniou Christos , Boffa Jean‐Jacques 
Published: August 2010

AbstractAsymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), an endogenous nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitor, is accumulated in plasma during chronic kidney disease (CKD). It is considered an independent mortality and cardiovascular risk factor in CKD patients. To test the involvement of ADMA in CKD progression, we investigated the effects of chronic ADMA administration on renal structure and compared these effects with $N^{\rm{G}}$‐nitro‐L‐arginine methyl ester (L‐NAME) treatment, a widely used exogenous inhibitor of NOS that induces CKD. Three groups of uninephrectomized mice were studied: ADMA (60 mg/kg per day), L‐NAME (60 mg/kg per day), and isotonic saline (control) were infused through osmotic mini‐pumps for 8 weeks. ADMA and L‐NAME induced hypertension (PAS 167 ± 16 and 168 ± 10 versus 100 ± 4 mmHg, p < 0.01, respectively). High level of ADMA was associated with increased renal oxidative stress. ADMA treatment induced glomerular and vascular fibrosis as evidenced by the elevated deposits of collagen I, III, and fibronectin (p < 0.01). A similar profile was observed in the L‐NAME group. Mice treated with ADMA had reduced peritubular capillaries versus controls (p < 0.01). Collagen I mRNA expression and renal TGF‐β1 concentrations were higher in the ADMA and L‐NAME groups. Increased level of TGF‐β1 was associated with a significant rise of HIF‐1α and endothelin‐1 expression. These results demonstrate for the first time that elevated concentrations of ADMA are associated with the development of renal fibrosis. These data suggest that in pathophysiological conditions of endothelial dysfunction, the exaggerated endogenous synthesis of ADMA could contribute to CKD progression by favouring hypertension, extracellular matrix synthesis, and rarefaction of peritubular capillaries. Copyright © 2010 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Tissue proteome profiling of preeclamptic placenta using recombinant antibody microarrays
Authors: Dexlin‐Mellby Linda , Sandström Anna , Centlow Magnus , Nygren Sara , Hansson Stefan R. , Borrebaeck Carl A. K. , Wingren Christer 
Published: August 2010

AbstractPurpose: Preeclampsia (PE) is a severe, multi‐system pregnancy disorder of yet unknown cause, missing means of treatment, and our fundamental understanding of the disease is still impaired. The purpose of this discovery study was to define candidate placenta tissue protein biomarker signatures to further decipher the molecular features of PE.Experimental design: We used recombinant antibody microarrays for multiplexed protein expression profiling of preeclamptic placenta tissue (n=25) versus normal placenta (n=11) targeting mainly immunoregulatory water‐soluble proteins and membrane proteins. Furthermore, the three known subgroups of PE were profiled, including women with early onset preeclampsia and late onset preeclampsia, as well as women with PE and bilateral notching and intrauterine growth restrictions.Results: The data showed that the first generation of candidate PE‐associated placenta tissue protein signatures were delineated, indicating that PE (receiver operating characteristics (ROC) AUC value of 0.83) and the subgroups thereof (ROC AUC values ≤0.91) could be distinguished. Notably, the data implied that all subgroups, but preeclampsia with bilateral notching and IUGR, could be further classified into novel subsets (ROC AUC values of 1.0) displaying different inflammatory signatures.Conclusions and clinical relevance: We have taken one step further toward de‐convoluting the complex features of PE at the molecular level using affinity proteomics.
Mass spectrometry‐based characterization of the vitreous phosphoproteome
Authors: Tamburro Davide , Facchiano Francesco , Petricoin Emanuel F. , Liotta Lance A. , Zhou Weidong 
Published: August 2010

AbstractPurpose: The vitreous gel is a highly hydrated extracellular matrix containing many proteins. These proteins are likely accumulated in the vitreous by local secretion, filtration from the blood, or diffusion from the surrounding tissues and vasculature, and may be altered in disease state. In the last several years, several reports of large‐scale profiling of vitreous proteins have been published; however, there is little information on the characterization of the phosphoproteome of vitreous. Here, we sought to identify phosphopeptides and their phosphorylation sites from vitreous.Experimental design: We used titanium dioxide (TiO2) to enrich phosphopeptides from vitreous and identified them by LC‐MS/MS.Results: We identified 85 unique phosphopeptides and the phosphorylation sites from 44 proteins.Conclusions and clinical relevance: We present a method for characterization of phosphoproteome from vitreous samples using current MS technologies and yielded an initial assessment of the phosphoprotein/peptide content of human vitreous, thus providing important biological information toward further understanding of the post‐translational modifications of vitreous proteins and their functional significance in disease.
Impact of neonicotinoid insecticides on natural enemies in greenhouse and interiorscape environments
Authors: Cloyd Raymond A , Bethke James A 
Published: August 2010

AbstractThe neonicotinoid insecticides imidacloprid, acetamiprid, dinotefuran, thiamethoxam and clothianidin are commonly used in greenhouses and/or interiorscapes (plant interiorscapes and conservatories) to manage a wide range of plant‐feeding insects such as aphids, mealybugs and whiteflies. However, these systemic insecticides may also be harmful to natural enemies, including predators and parasitoids. Predatory insects and mites may be adversely affected by neonicotinoid systemic insecticides when they: (1) feed on pollen, nectar or plant tissue contaminated with the active ingredient; (2) consume the active ingredient of neonicotinoid insecticides while ingesting plant fluids; (3) feed on hosts (prey) that have consumed leaves contaminated with the active ingredient. Parasitoids may be affected negatively by neonicotinoid insecticides because foliar, drench or granular applications may decrease host population levels so that there are not enough hosts to attack and thus sustain parasitoid populations. Furthermore, host quality may be unacceptable for egg laying by parasitoid females. In addition, female parasitoids that host feed may inadvertently ingest a lethal concentration of the active ingredient or a sublethal dose that inhibits foraging or egg laying. There are, however, issues that require further consideration, such as: the types of plant and flower that accumulate active ingredients, and the concentrations in which they are accumulated; the influence of flower age on the level of exposure of natural enemies to the active ingredient; the effect of neonicotinoid metabolites produced within the plant. As such, the application of neonicotinoid insecticides in conjunction with natural enemies in protected culture and interiorscape environments needs further investigation. Copyright © 2010 Society of Chemical Industry
Feasibility and potentials of online support for stress management among secondary school teachers
Authors: Leung Sharron S. K. , Chiang Vico C. L. , Chui Ying‐yu , Lee Angel C. K. , Mak Yim‐wah 
Published: August 2010

AbstractTeachers' work‐related stress is a widespread problem. Few studies have used online communications to provide support to teachers, and these were mainly focused on novice teachers. Here, we performed an exploratory study to examine whether the use of online forums by secondary school teachers in Hong Kong could provide social support to manage work‐related stress. Following 7 days of forum use, content analysis and post‐intervention evaluations were carried out to examine the anonymous communications of 75 secondary school teachers who participated in one of five online discussion forums. Consensus on the coding and categorization of the data was reached among three experienced researchers in qualitative analyses. The online forums were well received by the participants. Most participants reported that they received support from the forum and considered it useful for stress management. These results suggest that online support can be used for stress management among secondary school teachers. Further studies on using online approaches as stress management tools are warranted. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Expanded newborn screening in Greece: 30 months of experience
Authors: Loukas Yannis L. , Soumelas Georgios‐Stefanos , Dotsikas Yannis , Georgiou Vassiliki , Molou Elina , Thodi Georgia , Boutsini Maria , Biti Sofia , Papadopoulos Konstantinos 
Published: August 2010

AbstractIn Greece, the National Newborn Screening Program was initiated in 1974 and is performed by the Institute of Child Health (ICH). However, there is a complete absence of conditions that have high rates of mortality and a relatively high prevalence listed in the Catalogue of Disorders screened by the ICH. Our laboratory has expanded the existing NBS program to include newborn screening for inborn errors of metabolism, screening for cystic fibrosis (the most common congenital disorder in the Greek population), congenital adrenal hyperplasia, and for biotinidase deficiency. From July 2007 to December 2009, 45,000 dried blood spots (DBS) were collected from infants born in Athens, Greece, and were analyzed. We present a report of our 30‐month experience in the newborn screening area. The samples were tested for amino acidopathies, fatty acid oxidation disorders (FAOD), and organic acid metabolic disorders by applying flow injection analysis–electrospray ionization–tandem mass spectrometry (FIA‐ESI‐MS/MS); for cystic fibrosis by immunoreactive trypsinogen (IRT) measurement (time‐resolved fluoroimmunoassay); for congenital adrenal hyperplasia by fluoroimmunoassay to measure the 17 hydroxy‐progesterone level; and for biotinidase deficiency using a colorimetric method and a semiquantitative fluoroimmunoassay to determine biotinidase activity. Sample analysis resulted in establishing cutoff values for the respective disease markers for the first time in the Greek population. Four infants were identified with cystic fibrosis, two with congenital adrenal hyperplasia, two with phenylketonuria (PKU), one with medium‐chain acyl CoA dehydrogenase deficiency (MCADD), and one with biotinidase deficiency. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first article reporting the status of expanded newborn screening in Greece.
Hydroxyapatite Mineralization on the Calcium Chloride Blended Polyurethane Nanofiber via Biomimetic Method
Authors: Nirmala R , Nam Ki Taek , Navamathavan R , Park Soo-Jin , Kim Hak Yong 
Published: August 2010

AbstractPolyurethane nanofibers containing calcium chloride (CaCl2) were prepared via an electrospinning technique for the biomedical applications. Polyurethane nanofibers with different concentration of CaCl2 were electrospun, and their bioactivity evaluation was conducted by incubating in biomimetic simulated body fluid (SBF) solution. The morphology, structure and thermal properties of the polyurethane/CaCl2 composite nanofibers were characterized by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM), field-emission scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and thermogravimetry. SEM images revealed that the CaCl2 salt incorporated homogeneously to form well-oriented nanofibers with smooth surface and uniform diameters along their lengths. The SBF incubation test confirmed the formation of apatite-like materials, exhibiting enhanced bioactive behavior of the polyurethane/CaCl2 composite nanofibers. This study demonstrated that the electrospun polyurethane containing CaCl2 composite nanofibers enhanced the in vitro bioactivity and supports the growth of apatite-like materials.
Simplifying the Process of Microalgal Biodiesel Production Through In Situ Transesterification Technology
Authors: Xu Ruoyu , Mi Yongli 
Published: August 2010

AbstractCrop‐based biofuels, including biodiesel, has sparked international concerns during recent years. Microalgae have been strongly advocated as the most promising substitute for oil crops. However, the commercialization of microalgal biodiesel is hindered by the high costs of feedstock and conventional production processes. This paper elucidates a simplified, scalable production process under conditions of least energetic demand, which integrates oil extraction and conversion into one step through in situ transesterification. Introducing a co‐solvent is the key to success. Criteria for co‐solvents applicable to the microalgal biodiesel industry are proposed. The overall biodiesel yield (OBY) of Spirulina was determined for benchmarking purposes, using the Bligh and Dyer protocol for oil extraction, and transesterification with potassium hydroxide. The performance in in situ transesterification of the selected co‐solvents toluene, dichloromethane and diethyl ether, as well as the solvent combinations petroleum ether/toluene, toluene/methanol and dichloromethane/methanol, was evaluated by OBY. Among all the co‐solvents tested, the toluene/methanol system, 2:1 by volume ratio, demonstrated the highest efficiency, achieving a biodiesel yield of 76% of the OBY for the first in situ transesterification cycle and 10% for the second in situ transesterification cycle.