bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Does skin cancer screening save lives?
Authors: Katalinic Alexander , Waldmann Annika , Weinstock Martin A. , Geller Alan C. , Eisemann Nora , Greinert Ruediger , Volkmer Beate , Breitbart Eckhard 
Published: April 2012

AbstractBACKGROUND:From July 1, 2003 to June 30, 2004, a population‐based skin cancer screening project was conducted in Schleswig‐Holstein, Germany. In total, 360,288 individuals aged ≥20 years were screened by means of a whole‐body examination. In this report, the authors compare trends in melanoma mortality in Schleswig‐Holstein with those in all adjacent regions, none of which had population‐based skin cancer screening.METHODS:Trends in melanoma mortality rates for Schleswig‐Holstein and the adjacent regions (Denmark and the German federal states of Mecklenburg‐Vorpommern, Hamburg, and Lower Saxony) and in Germany excluding Schleswig‐Holstein were compared. Log‐linear regression was used to assess mortality trends.RESULTS:In Schleswig‐Holstein during the pre skin cancer screening period (1998‐1999), the age‐standardized melanoma mortality rate (World standard population) was 1.9 per 100,000 for men and 1.4 per 100,000 for women. Melanoma mortality declined by 47% to 1.0 per 100,000 men and by 49% to 0.7 per 100,000 women by 2008/2009. The annual percentage change in the most recent 10‐year period (2000‐2009) was −7.5% (95% confidence interval, −14.0, −0.5) for men and −7.1% (95% confidence interval, −10.5, −2.9) for women. In each of the 4 adjacent regions and in the rest of Germany, mortality rates were stable, and the decline in Schleswig‐Holstein was significantly different from the changes observed in all of the other areas studied.CONCLUSIONS:The current data represent strong evidence, but not absolute proof, that the skin cancer screening program produced a reduction in melanoma mortality in Schleswig‐Holstein. Cancer 2012. © 2012 American Cancer Society.
Leiomyosarcoma and sarcoma with myogenic differentiation
Authors: Colombo Chiara , Miceli Rosalba , Collini Paola , Radaelli Stefano , Palassini Elena , Stacchiotti Silvia , Fiore Marco , Mariani Luigi , Casali Paolo G. , Gronchi Alessandro 
Published: April 2012

AbstractBACKGROUND:The objective of this study was to evaluate whether the distinction between leiomyosarcomas (LMS) and sarcomas with myogenic differentiation (SMD), based on the expression of muscular markers, has any clinical implications.METHODS:Patients with localized LMS (excluding any gynecologic subtype) or SMD who underwent surgery at the authors' institution from 1994 to 2010 were analyzed. Overall survival (OS) and the crude cumulative incidence of local recurrence and distant metastasis (DM) were calculated, and multivariable analyses for DM and OS were carried out.RESULTS:In total, 327 patients were studied (71% LMS, 29% SMD). The median follow‐up was 58 months (interquartile range, 31‐97 months). The 5‐year overall survival rate was 72.9% (95% confidence interval, 66.3%‐80.2%) for the patients with LMS and 64.4% (95% confidence interval, 53.7%‐77.1%) for the patients with SMD. The 5‐year crude cumulative incidence of distant metastasis was 36.2% (95% confidence interval, 30.1%‐43.5%) in the LMS group and 32.6% (95% confidence interval, 24%‐44.2%) in the SMD group. Although tumor grade in LMS identified 3 distinct classes of risk, patients with grade 2 and grade 3 SMD had a similar course. The median postmetastasis survival was longer in patients with grade 3 LMS compared versus patients with grade 3 SMD (31 months vs 15 months, respectively). In patients who had grade 3 lesions, adjuvant chemotherapy yielded a better outcome in the SMD group compared with the LMS group (hazard ratio, 0.38). Patients who had superficial LMS had better outcomes compared with patients who had superficial SMD.CONCLUSIONS:The current results indicated that LMS and SMD do not share the same natural history. A limited prognostic impact of grade was observed in patients with SMD. Differences in response to chemotherapy should be taken into account in planning the therapeutic approach for patients with these tumors. The current clinical observations may correspond to the biology of a different disease and deserve further study. Cancer 2012. © 2012 American Cancer Society.
Does on‐site adequacy evaluation reduce the nondiagnostic rate in endoscopic ultrasound‐guided fine‐needle aspiration of pancreatic lesions?
Authors: Cermak Therese S. , Wang Brant , DeBrito Pedro , Carroll John , Haddad Nadim , Sidawy Mary K. 
Published: April 2012

AbstractBACKGROUND:This retrospective study compared the nondiagnostic rate for endoscopic ultrasound‐guided (EUS) fine‐needle aspiration (FNA) of pancreatic lesions in 2 settings: 1 with and 1 without on‐site evaluation.METHODS:The authors reviewed 381 consecutive cases and divided them into groups with and without on‐site adequacy evaluation. For the group with on‐site evaluation, cytopathology personnel prepared and evaluated Diff‐Quik–stained direct smears and rinsed the remaining material in CytoLyt solution (Cytyc Corporation, Marlborough, Mass). The group without on‐site evaluation was divided into 2 subgroups: the clinical team either prepared an air‐dried smear for each FNA pass and then rinsed the remaining material in CytoLyt, or the entire sample was rinsed in CytoLyt. The cytologic diagnoses were reviewed and the nondiagnostic rates for each group were calculated.RESULTS:On‐site evaluation was provided for 167 cases with a nondiagnostic rate of 25.8% (43 of 167 cases). On‐site evaluation was not provided for 214 cases with a nondiagnostic rate of 24.3% (52 of 214 cases). The nondiagnostic rate for the subgroup with air‐dried smears prepared by the clinical team was 25.6% (43 of 168 cases) and that for the subgroup with the entire sample rinsed in CytoLyt was 19.6% (9 of 46 cases). There were no significant statistical differences in nondiagnostic rates noted among the different groups or subgroups.CONCLUSIONS:The results of the current study indicate that when experienced operators perform EUS FNA of pancreatic lesions, on‐site adequacy evaluation offers no benefit in reducing the nondiagnostic rate. Optimizing visualization of the sampled material by omitting the preparation of direct smears and rinsing the entire sample in liquid‐based media demonstrated a trend toward improving the diagnostic rate. Cancer (Cancer Cytopathol) 2012. © 2012 American Cancer Society.
Immunoglobulin heavy‐chain fluorescence in situ hybridization‐chromogenic in situ hybridization DNA probe split signal in the clonality assessment of lymphoproliferative processes on cytological samples
Authors: Zeppa Pio , Sosa Fernandez Laura Virginia , Cozzolino Immacolata , Ronga Valentina , Genesio Rita , Salatiello Maria , Picardi Marco , Malapelle Umberto , Troncone Giancarlo , Vigliar Elena 
Published: April 2012

AbstractBACKGROUND:The human immunoglobulin heavy‐chain (IGH) locus at chromosome 14q32 is frequently involved in different translocations of non‐Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), and the detection of any breakage involving the IGH locus should identify a B‐cell NHL. The split‐signal IGH fluorescence in situ hybridization‐chromogenic in situ hybridization (FISH‐CISH) DNA probe is a mixture of 2 fluorochrome‐labeled DNAs: a green one that binds the telomeric segment and a red one that binds the centromeric segment, both on the IGH breakpoint. In the current study, the authors tested the capability of the IGH FISH‐CISH DNA probe to detect IGH translocations and diagnose B‐cell lymphoproliferative processes on cytological samples.METHODS:Fifty cytological specimens from cases of lymphoproliferative processes were tested using the split‐signal IGH FISH‐CISH DNA probe and the results were compared with light‐chain assessment by flow cytometry (FC), IGH status was tested by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and clinicohistological data.RESULTS:The signal score produced comparable results on FISH and CISH analysis and detected 29 positive, 15 negative, and 6 inadequate cases; there were 29 true‐positive cases (66%), 9 true‐negative cases (20%), 6 false‐negative cases (14%), and no false‐positive cases (0%). Comparing the sensitivity of the IGH FISH‐CISH DNA split probe with FC and PCR, the highest sensitivity was obtained by FC, followed by FISH‐CISH and PCR.CONCLUSIONS:The split‐signal IGH FISH‐CISH DNA probe is effective in detecting any translocation involving the IGH locus. This probe can be used on different samples from different B‐cell lymphoproliferative processes, although it is not useful for classifying specific entities. Cancer (Cancer Cytopathol) 2012;. © 2012 American Cancer Society.
Formation of Chiral Environments by a Mechanical Induced Vortex Flow
Authors: Okano Kunihiko , Yamashita Takashi 
Published: April 2012

AbstractA chiral molecule absorbs preferentially right‐ or left‐handed circularly polarized light in a circular dichroism (CD) measurement. Usually, the chirality of individual molecules is regarded as the origin of the CD signals. However, recently, several reports have suggested that the vortex flow of a solution of an achiral molecule gives rise to a CD signal, which is dependent on the stirring direction. This article introduces types of molecular architecture and material designs that show stir‐induced chirality. We also discuss the effects of the molecular structure and alignment in vortex flows on this phenomena, reviewing the related issues.
A Molecular Dynamics Study of Viscosity in Ionic Liquids Directed by Quantitative Structure–Property Relationships
Authors: Butler Simon N. , Müller‐Plathe Florian 
Published: April 2012

AbstractA computational study into the molecular origin of viscosity in ionic liquids via a combined quantitative structure–property relationship (QSPR) and molecular dynamics (MD) approach is presented. QSPR models are developed for ionic liquids containing the bis[(trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl]imide (TFSI) anion using literature data. The best models thus developed are used to identify persistently well‐correlating molecular descriptors for further investigation by MD. By modifying the force field of a simple ionic liquid, 1‐butyl‐3‐methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate [bmim][PF6], the efficacy of the charged partial surface area (CPSA) descriptor is examined. Finally, by building QSPR models from the MD data and calculations derived from the CPSA descriptor, potential routes for improved prediction of ionic liquid viscosity are proposed.
An ATR‐FTIR Study on the Effect of Molecular Structural Variations on the CO2 Absorption Characteristics of Heterocyclic Amines, Part II
Authors: Robinson Kelly , McCluskey Adam , Attalla Moetaz I. 
Published: April 2012

AbstractThis paper reports on an ATR‐FTIR spectroscopic investigation of the CO2 absorption characteristics of a series of heterocyclic diamines: hexahydropyrimidine (HHPY), 2‐methyl and 2,2‐dimethylhexahydropyrimidine (MHHPY and DMHHPY), hexahydropyridazine (HHPZ), piperazine (PZ) and 2,5‐ and 2,6‐dimethylpiperazine (2,6‐DMPZ and 2,5‐DMPZ). By using in situ ATR‐FTIR the structure–activity relationship of the reaction between heterocyclic diamines and CO2 is probed. PZ forms a hydrolysis‐resistant carbamate derivative, while HHPY forms a more labile carbamate species with increased susceptibility to hydrolysis, particularly at higher CO2 loadings (>0.5 mol CO2/mol amine). HHPY exhibits similar reactivity toward CO2 to PZ, but with improved aqueous solubility. The α‐methyl‐substituted MHHPY favours HCO3− formation, but MHHPY exhibits comparable CO2 absorption capacity to conventional amines MEA and DEA. MHHPY show improved reactivity compared to the conventional α‐methyl‐ substituted primary amine 2‐amino‐2‐methyl‐1‐propanol. DMHHPY is representative of blended amine systems, and its reactivity highlights the advantages of such systems. HHPZ is relatively unreactive towards CO2. The CO2 absorption capacity CA (mol CO2/mol amine) and initial rates of absorption RIA (mol CO2/mol amine min−1) for each reactive diamine are determined: PZ: CA=0.92, RIA=0.045; 2,6‐DMPZ: CA=0.86, RIA=0.025; 2,5‐DMPZ: CA=0.88, RIA=0.018; HHPY: CA=0.85, RIA=0.032; MHHPY: CA=0.86, RIA=0.018; DMHHPY: CA=1.1, RIA=0.032; and HHPZ: no reaction. Calculations at the B3LYP/6‐31+G** and MP2/6‐31+G** calculations show that the substitution patterns of the heterocyclic diamines affect carbamate stability, which influences hydrolysis rates.
Catalytic Conversion of Inulin and Fructose into 5‐Hydroxymethylfurfural by Lignosulfonic Acid in Ionic Liquids
Authors: Xie Haibo , Zhao Zongbao K. , Wang Qian 
Published: April 2012

AbstractIn this work, we found that lignosulfonic acid (LS), which is a waste byproduct from the paper industry, in ionic liquids (ILs) can catalyze the dehydration of fructose and inulin into 5‐hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) efficiently, which is a promising potential substitute for petroleum‐based building blocks. The effects of reaction time, temperature, catalyst loading, and reusability of the catalytic system were studied. It was found that a 94.3 % yield of HMF could be achieved in only 10 min at 100 °C under mild conditions. The reusability study of the LS–IL catalytic system after removal of HMF by ethyl acetate extraction demonstrated that the catalytic activity decreased from 77.4 to 62.9 % after five cycles and the catalytic activity could be recovered after simply removing the accumulated humins by filtration after adding ethanol to the LS–ILs. The integrated utilization of a biorenewable feedstock, catalyst, and ILs is an example of an ideal green chemical process.
Lignin Model Compounds as Bio‐Based Reactive Diluents for Liquid Molding Resins
Authors: Stanzione Joseph F. , Sadler Joshua M. , La Scala John J. , Wool Richard P. 
Published: April 2012

AbstractLignin is a copious paper and pulping waste product that has the potential to yield valuable, low molecular weight, single aromatic chemicals when strategically depolymerized. The single aromatic lignin model compounds, vanillin, guaiacol, and eugenol, were methacrylated by esterification with methacrylic anhydride and a catalytic amount of 4‐dimethylaminopyridine. Methacrylated guaiacol (MG) and methacrylated eugenol (ME) exhibited low viscosities at room temperature (MG: 17 cP and ME: 28 cP). When used as reactive diluents in vinyl ester resins, they produced resin viscosities higher than that of vinyl ester–styrene blends. The relative volatilities of MG (1.05 wt % loss in 18 h) and ME (0.96 wt % loss in 18 h) measured by means of thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) were considerably lower than that of styrene (93.7 wt % loss in 3 h) indicating the potential of these chemicals to be environmentally friendly reactive diluents. Bulk polymerization of MG and ME generated homopolymers with glass transition temperatures (Tgs) of 92 and 103 °C, respectively. Blends of a standard vinyl ester resin with MG and ME (50 wt % reactive diluent) produced thermosets with Tgs of 127 and 153 °C, respectively, which are comparable to vinyl ester–styrene resins, thus demonstrating the ability of MG and ME to completely replace styrene as reactive diluents in liquid molding resins without sacrificing cured‐resin thermal performance.
Energy Efficiency Enhancement of Ethanol Electrooxidation on Pd–CeO2/C in Passive and Active Polymer Electrolyte‐Membrane Fuel Cells
Authors: Bambagioni Valentina , Bianchini Claudio , Chen Yanxin , Filippi Jonathan , Fornasiero Paolo , Innocenti Massimo , Lavacchi Alessandro , Marchionni Andrea , Oberhauser Werner , Vizza Francesco 
Published: April 2012

AbstractPd nanoparticles have been generated by performing an electroless procedure on a mixed ceria (CeO2)/carbon black (Vulcan XC‐72) support. The resulting material, Pd–CeO2/C, has been characterized by means of transmission electron microscopy (TEM), inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP–AES), and X‐ray diffraction (XRD) techniques. Electrodes coated with Pd–CeO2/C have been scrutinized for the oxidation of ethanol in alkaline media in half cells as well as in passive and active direct ethanol fuel cells (DEFCs). Membrane electrode assemblies have been fabricated using Pd–CeO2/C anodes, proprietary FeCo cathodes, and Tokuyama anion‐exchange membranes. The monoplanar passive and active DEFCs have been fed with aqueous solutions of 10 wt % ethanol and 2 M KOH, supplying power densities as high as 66 mW cm−2 at 25 °C and 140 mW cm−2 at 80 °C. A comparison with a standard anode electrocatalyst containing Pd nanoparticles (Pd/C) has shown that, at even metal loading and experimental conditions, the energy released by the cells with the Pd–CeO2/C electrocatalyst is twice as much as that supplied by the cells with the Pd/C electrocatalyst. A cyclic voltammetry study has shown that the co‐support ceria contributes to the remarkable decrease of the onset oxidation potential of ethanol. It is proposed that ceria promotes the formation at low potentials of species adsorbed on Pd, PdI‐OHads, that are responsible for ethanol oxidation.
Validity of the night eating questionnaire in children
Authors: Gallant Annette R. , Lundgren Jennifer , Allison Kelly , Stunkard Albert J. , Lambert Marie , O'Loughlin Jennifer , Lemieux Simone , Tremblay Angelo , Drapeau Vicky 
Published: April 2012

AbstractObjective:To measure the construct validity of the Night Eating Questionnaire (NEQ) in children against a parent report of child night eating syndrome (NES) symptoms (NEQ report) and a 3‐day dietary recall.Method:NEQ of 304 children from the QUALITY (QUébec Adipose and Lifestyle InvesTigation in Youth) cohort were compared to a parent report and 3‐day dietary recall.Results:Child NEQ scores were related to the parent NEQ report (ρ = 0.30 p < 0.0001) yet there were inconsistencies between responses concerning sleep troubles. Total child NEQ scores, but not parent NEQ report scores, were associated with dietary manifestations of NES such as increased evening (ρ = 0.20, p < .001) and reduced morning intake (ρ= −0.12, p < .05).Discussion:The NEQ score is related to eating patterns of NES in children and is more informative than a parent report, specifically when used in conjunction with dietary recall. © 2012 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (Int J Eat Disord 2012;45:861–865)
Natural gas—producers: Jurisdictions vary greatly on when natural gas becomes marketable
Authors: Campbell Michael 
Published: April 2012

AbstractIn recent years, natural gas producers throughout the United States have been subjected to lawsuits by royalty and overriding royalty owners asserting that producers have underpaid them royalty by deducting from royalty payments their share of costs associated with postproduction services (i.e., gathering, dehydrating, treating/processing, and compressing gas between the wellhead and plant tailgates). Such claims are generically referenced as assertions for application of the so‐called marketable condition rule.
Comparative study of robotic versus endoscopic thyroidectomy by a gasless unilateral axillo‐breast or axillary approach
Authors: Tae Kyung , Bae Ji Yong , Hyeok Jeong Jin , Rae Kim Kyung , Hwan Choi Woong , Hern Ahn You 
Published: April 2012

AbstractBackgroundRobotic thyroidectomy and conventional endoscopic thyroidectomy have not been thoroughly compared. In this study, we compared the potential advantages of robotic versus endoscopic thyroidectomy.MethodsWe analyzed 218 consecutive patients who underwent endoscopic (105 cases) or robotic (113 cases) thyroidectomy using a gasless unilateral axillo‐breast or gasless unilateral axillary approach.ResultsBecause of the dexterity of robotic instruments and the improved surgical view, it was subjectively easier and took less time to perform a complete total thyroidectomy and central compartment neck dissection in robotic thyroidectomy. In the case of unilateral lobectomy, endoscopic and robotic thyroidectomy had quite similar surgical outcomes. Cosmetic satisfaction was excellent in both groups.ConclusionIn this series by a single surgeon, robotic thyroidectomy was superior to endoscopic thyroidectomy for performing total thyroidectomy and bilateral central compartment neck dissection. However, in terms of cost‐effectiveness, endoscopic thyroidectomy was comparable to robotic thyroidectomy in patients who undergo unilateral lobectomy. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2013
EGFR activation is a potential determinant of primary resistance of hepatocellular carcinoma cells to sorafenib
Authors: Ezzoukhry Zakaria , Louandre Christophe , Trécherel Eric , Godin Corinne , Chauffert Bruno , Dupont Sébastien , Diouf Momar , Barbare Jean‐Claude , Mazière Jean‐Claude , Galmiche Antoine 
Published: April 2012

AbstractSorafenib is currently the medical treatment of reference for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), but it is not known whether sorafenib is equally active in all HCC. Here, our aim was to explore intrinsic differences in the response of HCC cells to sorafenib, to identify potential mechanisms leading to primary resistance to this treatment. We analyzed a panel of six human HCC cell lines and compared the activity of the main oncogenic kinase cascades, their clonogenic potential, proliferation and apoptosis upon exposure to sorafenib. We report that HCC cells present important differences in their response to sorafenib, and that some cell lines are more resistant to the actions of sorafenib than others. We identify the activated epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) as a parameter that promotes the resistance of HCC cells to sorafenib. In resistant cells, the efficacy of sorafenib was increased when EGFR was inhibited, as was demonstrated using two chemical inhibitors (erlotinib or gefitinib), a monoclonal antibody directed against EGFR (cetuximab), and RNA interference directed against EGFR. A combination of EGFR inhibitors and sorafenib affords a better control over HCC proliferation, most likely through an improved blockade of the RAF kinases. Our findings therefore confirm the importance of RAF kinases as therapeutic targets in HCC, and identify EGFR as a determinant of the sensitivity of HCC cells to sorafenib. Our findings bear possible implications for the improvement of the efficacy of sorafenib in HCC, and might be useful for the identification of predictive biomarkers in this context.
The PTSD Checklist—Civilian Version: Reliability, Validity, and Factor Structure in a Nonclinical Sample
Authors: Conybeare Daniel , Behar Evelyn , Solomon Ari , Newman Michelle G. , Borkovec T. D. 
Published: April 2012

ObjectivesWe examined the reliability, validity, and factor structure of the posttraumatic stress diorder (PTSD) Checklist‐Civilian Version (PCL‐C; Blanchard, Jones‐Alexander, Buckley, & Forneris, 1996) among unselected undergraduate students.ParticipantsParticipants were 471 undergraduate students at a large university in the Eastern United States and were not preselected based on trauma history or symptom severity.ResultsThe PCL‐C demonstrated good internal consistency and retest reliability. Compared with alternative measures of PTSD, the PCL‐C showed favorable patterns of convergent and discriminant validity. In contrast to previous research using samples with known trauma exposure, we found support for both 1‐factor and 2‐factor models of PTSD symptoms.ConclusionsOverall, the PCL‐C appears to be a valid and reliable measure of PTSD symptoms, even among nonclinical samples, and is superior to some alternative measures of PTSD. The factor structure among nonclinical samples may not reflect each of the PTSD symptom “clusters” (i.e., reexperiencing, avoidance/numbing, and hyperarousal). © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Clin. Psychol. 00:1–15, 2012.