bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Research on crosslink density testing method of GAP propellant based on swelling method
Authors: Wang Xueren , Chen Zebin , Qiang Hongfu , Fu Xiao 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
In order to determine the crosslink density of GAP (Glycidyl Azide Polymer) propellants more accurately and conveniently, and to explore the relationship between the performance of GAP propellants and the crosslink density and gel fraction, this paper proposes several key factors that should be paid attention to when selecting solvents for the determination of the crosslink density of GAP propellants by equilibrium dissolution method. The values of the crosslink density of GAP are determined, while the dissolution time required for the determination of the crosslink density of GAP by the equilibrium dissolution method is given. The changes in GAP propellant crosslink density and gel fraction with aging and the relationship with its mechanical properties were explored. The results showed that the interaction parameters between solvent and adhesive and the solubility of components such as solid filler should be considered when selecting the solvent for equilibrium swelling, and the solvent selected should not dissolve out the solid filler in order to calculate accurately; trichloromethane was selected as the solvent for the determination of cross-linking density of GAP by comparing the swelling degree and the mass fraction of dissolved material, and the swelling time should be around 48 h at 25°C; the results of the determination of the crosslink density of the GAP propellant were in the range of 5.1666×10−5−5.5957×10−5 mol·cm−3; the crosslink density and gel fraction of the GAP propellant did not change much with aging, and the changes in its mechanical properties due to aging should be considered in light of other factors such as dehumidification.
Research on Low-Pass filtering noise reduction method for Multi-Rotor Heavy-duty unmanned aerial vehicles based on fast fourier transform
Authors: Ji Liming , Huang Yunlong , Sun Jiaqiang , Shangguan Chunmei , Shi Fenghua , Tu Feng , Guo Wei 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Heavy-duty unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are poised to revolutionize the material transportation paradigm in overhead transmission line construction. Among the pivotal factors influencing the performance of multi-rotor UAVs, vibration emerges as a critical concern. Addressing vibration mitigation in heavy-duty UAVs is fundamental to enhancing flight quality and transportation capabilities. To effectively reduce UAV vibrations and stabilize flight conditions amidst excessive vibrations, this study employs a low-pass filtering approach grounded in Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) for noise reduction of the response signals from a designed hex-rotor heavy-duty UAV. The outcomes demonstrate that the FFT-based low-pass filtering method achieves notable noise reduction. By adjusting the cutoff frequency downward, the noise in the post-filtered heavy-duty UAV response signals is significantly attenuated.
Experimental research on attenuation and activation characteristics of molecular sieves
Authors: Wei Yuchen , Lan Yuqing , Yuan Bo , Zeng Yu , Lin Guiping 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The attenuation and activation characteristics of a kind of zeolite molecular sieve were studied by using the control variable method. The experimental results showed that water absorption shortened the adsorption time and greatly reduced oxygen production, and the properties of sodium zeolite were relatively stable. Under the three activation methods, the peak oxygen concentration of the product gas increased by 0.62%~8.5%, but the oxygen production performance could not be completely restored. XRD results showed that high temperature and high humidity could cause irreversible changes in the internal structure of zeolites. Therefore, in practical application, the inlet temperature and humidity should be fully considered, and the water-absorbing molecular sieve should be treated in time.
Afterburning effect on the thermal environment of the launch pad during the rocket launching
Authors: Zhao Chengeng , Sun Zhongyi , Le Guigao 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This study aims to investigate how afterburning affects the thermal environment of the launch pad during a rocket launch. The thermal environment and launch pad flow field are studied using numerical simulations during the vehicle lift-off phase to achieve this goal. The launch vehicle exhaust plume model is constructed during the lift-off phase using the reaction model, the Realizable k-ε two-equation turbulence model, and the three-dimensional compressible Navier-Stokes equations. The results of the investigation demonstrate that the temperature field of the rocket exhaust plume is higher in the gas chemical reaction flow scenario compared to the frozen flow scenario. In addition, considering both the frozen and gas chemical reaction flows causes the launch pad surface temperature to rise. The research approach used in this study sheds important light on the launch pad’s thermal protection design.
Numerical simulation of the effect of Faraday cage on the inductively coupled plasma discharge
Authors: Lei Fan , Zhang Zhaoyang , Wei Xiaolong , Han Xinmin , Wu Hongzhi , Liu Zhiwei 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Taking inductively coupled plasma (ICP) as the research object, a method of increasing the electron density of ICP by Faraday cage electromagnetic shielding is proposed. At the same time, the introduction of the Faraday cage can effectively prevent the electromagnetic interference caused by the discharge coil, which is helpful in reproducing the real near-space plasma environment in the laboratory. Based on COMSOL Multiphysics, a two-dimensional inductively coupled plasma discharge model was constructed, and the effect of the Faraday cage on ICP discharge parameters was comparatively studied. The simulation results show that the Faraday cage can effectively shield the electromagnetic interference caused by the discharge coil. At the same time, the Faraday cage can increase the electron density and the electron temperature of the plasma to a certain extent, and the plasma is evenly distributed in this case. With the increase of discharge power, the electromagnetic shielding effect of the Faraday cage is still effective, and the effect on the plasma electron density is more obvious.
Metabolic byproduct utilization and the evolution of mutually beneficial cooperation in Escherichia coli
Authors: Ye Nan , Hou Beibei , Song Jianxiao , Dunn Derek W , Ma Zhanshan (Sam) , Wang Rui-Wu 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Understanding how cooperation evolves in microbial populations, particularly under environmental stress such as antibiotic exposure, remains a key topic in evolutionary biology. Here, we investigate cooperative interactions between antibiotic-resistant and antibiotic-sensitive strains of Escherichia coli. Under antibiotic stress, a small number of antibiotic-sensitive strains rapidly evolve into antibiotic-resistant strains. Resistant E. coli produce indole, which induces a protective response in sensitive cells, enabling them to survive in antibiotic stress conditions. In turn, antibiotic-sensitive E. coli could help reduce toxic accumulation of indole, indirectly benefiting the resistant strain. Indole is harmful to the growth of the antibiotic-resistant strain but benefits the antibiotic-sensitive strain by helping turn-on the multi-drug exporter to neutralize the antibiotic. This mutual exchange leads to increased fitness for both strains in cocultures, demonstrating a mechanism by which mutually beneficial cooperation can evolve in bacterial communities. Our findings provide insight into how mutualism can emerge under antibiotic pressure through metabolic byproduct exchange, revealing new dynamics in the evolution of bacterial cooperation.
Nanopore Sequencing of Amoebophrya sp. Reveals Novel Collection of Bacteria Putatively Associated with Karlodinium veneficum
Authors: Tizabi Daniela , Hill Russell T , Bachvaroff Tsvetan 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The dinoflagellate parasite Amoebophrya sp. ex Karlodinium veneficum plays a major role in controlling populations of the toxic bloom-forming dinoflagellate Karlodinium veneficum and is one of the few cultured representatives of Marine Alveolate Group II. The obligate parasitic nature of this Amoebophrya spp. precludes isolation in culture, and therefore, genomic characterization of this parasite relies on metagenomic sequencing. Whole genome sequencing of an Amoebophrya sp. ex Karlodinium veneficum-infected culture using Nanopore long reads revealed a diverse community of novel bacteria as well as several species previously reported to be associated with algae. In sum, 39 metagenome-assembled genomes (MAG) were assembled, and less than half of these required binning of multiple contigs. Seven were abundant but of unknown genera, thirteen were identifiable at the generic level by BLAST (eight of which were apparently complete single-contig genomes), and the remaining 19 comprised less abundant (individually accounting for &lt; 2% of the total bacterial reads in the culture) and often rarer and/or novel species. Attempts to culture strains identified through sequencing revealed that only two of these bacterial isolates were readily amenable to cultivation, stressing the importance of a dual culture- and sequencing-based approach for robust community analysis. Functional annotations of MAGs are presented here to support the characterization of a microbial community associated with K. veneficum and/or Amoebophrya sp. ex K. veneficum cultured from the Chesapeake Bay and give preliminary insights into the nature of the associations these bacteria have with this parasite-host complex.
Small but mitey: a gapless telomere-to-telomere assembly of an unidentified mite with a streamlined genome
Authors: Edwards Richard J , Chen Stephanie H , Halliday Bruce , Bragg Jason G 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
A draft assembly of the rainforest tree Rhodamnia argentea Benth. (malletwood, Myrtaceae) revealed contaminating DNA sequences that most closely matched those from mites in the family Eriophyidae. Eriophyoid mites are plant parasites that often induce galls or other deformities on their host plants. They are notable for their small size (averaging 200 μm), distinctive four-legged body structure, and heavily streamlined genomes, which are among the smallest known of all arthropods. Contaminating mite sequences were assembled into a high-quality gapless telomere-to-telomere nuclear genome. The entire genome was assembled on two fully contiguous chromosomes, capped with a novel TTTGG or TTTGGTGTTGG telomere sequence, and exhibited clear signs of genome reduction (34.5 Mbp total length, 68.6% arachnid BUSCO completeness). Phylogenomic analysis confirmed that this genome is that of a previously unsequenced eriophyoid mite. Despite its unknown identity, this complete nuclear genome provides a valuable resource to investigate invertebrate genome reduction.
Access to Neighborhood Amenities and Services and the Risk of 2-Year Nursing Home Placement among Persons Living with Dementia
Authors: Choi Yeon Jin , Fennell Gillian , Ailshire Jennifer A 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background and Objectives
Older adults prefer to age in their homes and communities, but due to increased care needs associated with dementia, persons living with dementia are much more likely to move into nursing homes. Living in communities with greater access to neighborhood amenities and supports may reduce the risk of nursing home placement by helping persons living with dementia maintain their health and independence and lowering caregiving burden and stress. This study aims to identify neighborhood amenities and services that are associated with nursing home transitions among persons living with dementia.

Research Design and Methods
We used data from the 2004-2016 waves of the Health and Retirement Study (HRS), which includes 3,507 older adults with dementia, linked with the HRS Contextual Data Resource and the National Neighborhood Data Archive. Logistic regression models were estimated adjusting for sociodemographic and neighborhood characteristics.

Results
Findings suggest that access to more park areas, healthy food outlets, and home health services was associated with a lower risk of 2-year nursing home placement.

Discussion and Implications
These findings emphasize the importance of neighborhood amenities and services as essential components of supportive communities, enabling persons living with dementia to age in place.
Early Mortality and Medical Complexity Among Medicolegal Cardiovascular Disease Deaths: Comparing housed and unhoused decedents
Authors: King Ben , Swamy Shriya , Khorsandi Shaya 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
There are extreme psychosocial, environmental, and behavioral risks to the health and well-being of persons experiencing homelessness . Within this complex and hazardous environment, there is an opportunity to gain clearer perspective into the role of accelerating cardiovascular disease (CVD) progression alongside the aging cohort effect in this population.

Method
Utilizing 2021 and 2022 data from the Harris County Medical Examiner, investigators analyzed cardiovascular disease-associated deaths for excess mortality and impact of age-related factors specific to persons experiencing homelessness. All medicolegal deaths involving CVD were examined to determine relative frequencies of secondary causes of death and the influence of age between housed individuals and individuals experiencing homelessness.Results: The examination of the CVD mortality cases among persons experiencing homelessness in 2021 (n=52) and 2022 (n=71) revealed important trends. The mean age for CVD deaths for persons experiencing homelessness was 58.6 and 60.6 years in 2021 and 2022 respectively. Despite this slight, recent increase, the average age for CVD death among persons experiencing homelessness is dramatically lower than the housed, medicolegal CVD deaths and the general population. Top-associated conditions were hypertension and atherosclerosis, regardless of housing status. However, Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) and Congestive Heart Failure (CHF) were more common in CVD deaths of people experiencing homelessness.

Discussion
These findings re-emphasize the uniqueness and complexity of the risks for premature mortality in people experiencing homelessness. This underscores the call for social services and healthcare systems to be more responsive to the challenges faced by persons experiencing homelessness, with more integrated and targeted health and aging care interventions to address the specific needs of these marginalized individuals.
Invasive pneumococcal disease and impact of 7- and 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccines in Singapore children over twenty-four years
Authors: Li Jiahui , Yung Chee Fu , Kam Kai-Qian , Nadua Karen , Tan Natalie W H , Thoon Koh Cheng , Maiwald Matthias , Chong Chia Yin 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Data on burden of invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) is lacking from Southeast Asia. With the introduction of higher-valency pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs), we aim to assess the impact of PCV introduction into Singapore’s national childhood immunisation schedule (NCIS) on IPD burden and serotype (ST) replacement.

Methods
Using IPD surveillance data from a single centre, we compared incidence of IPD in children &lt;17 years prior to the introduction of the PCV into NCIS (2000-2009, Period 1) with that post-introduction (2010-2023, Period 2).

Results
Overall incidence of IPD from 2000 to 2023 was 3.9 per 100,000 children. The decline in IPD incidence between Period 1 and Period 2 was greatest in children aged ≤2 years (13.3 to 4.7 per 100,000 children, IRR 0.4 (95% CI 0.3-0.5), p&lt;0.001). IPD due to PCV7-serotypes declined from 136 (68.0%) to 37 (22.0%) (OR 0.1 (95% CI 0.1-0.2), p&lt;0.001), and IPD by PCV13-serotypes decreased from 161 (80.5%) to 118 (70.2%) (OR 0.6 (95% CI 0.4-0.9), p=0.03), in Periods 1 and 2 respectively. The proportion of children with IPD due to ST-19A increased from 13 (6.5%) to 65 (38.7%) in Period 1 and 2 (OR 9.1 (95% CI 4.8-16.7), p&lt;0.001). None of the children could be confirmed to have IPD due to specific PCV15-non PCV13 serotypes or PCV20-non PCV13 serotypes.

Conclusion
Introduction of PCV into Singapore’s NCIS led to substantial reduction in IPD burden in children aged ≤2 years. ST-19A continues to pose a challenge as a disease-causing serotype post-PCV13 implementation in Singapore.
Vantage point photography and deep learning methods save time in monitoring seabird nesting colonies
Authors: Wilkin Rosalin , Anderson Jillian , Sahay Ishan , Ong Macus , Broadley Samantha , Gonse Marine , McClelland Greg , Joy Ruth 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Monitoring seabird colonies is essential for assessing population health and sustainability amid increasing marine industry and climate change. Advancements in photography have led to high-resolution photogrammetry techniques for monitoring seabird colonies. However, manual counting of birds and nests in images, potentially over multiple dates and seasons is time-consuming and has limited a wider adoption of photogrammetry in colony monitoring. We addressed the task of automatically counting cormorants and their nests using an SLT camera, a Gigapan robotic camera mount, and image-stitching software. We applied this system to Vancouver’s Ironworkers Memorial Second Narrows Bridge, home to British Columbia’s largest Nannopterum auritum (Double-crested Cormorant) colony. The system takes overlapping images of the colony from a vantage point to create a panoramic image. We took 23 images of the bridge between April and September 2021. A subset of these images was used to train a deep-learning model that became the foundation of an automated pipeline to detect cormorants of different sizes, positions (standing, incubating, or sunning with wings outstretched), and nests (including only partial glimpses amongst the bridge girders). Our pipeline demonstrated potential for monitoring cormorant populations, by lowering manual effort while achieving high agreement with manual counts. Specifically, our pipeline reduced the manual time required to process images by 96%, while achieving an average agreement of 93.6% between manual and automated counts for both cormorants and nests. We found reduced performance from an application of our model to images of a novel colony; however, we suggest that with additional model training and fine-tuning our pipeline should provide an efficient and accurate alternative to manual counts for other colonial bird monitoring contexts. Our study showcases that high-resolution photogrammetry combined with deep learning methods enables the automatic identification and counting of birds and nests, significantly reducing the time and effort of long-term monitoring of colonially nesting birds.
Primary Care Utilization Within 1 Year After a Facilitated Postpartum–to–Primary Care Transition
Authors: Delgado Arlin , Liang Pichliya , Bender Tierra , Ray Alaka , James Kaitlyn E. , Ganguli Ishani , Cohen Jessica L. , Clapp Mark A. 
Published: February 2025

OBJECTIVE:
To evaluate the effect of a behavioral science–informed intervention designed to facilitate postpartum–to–primary care transitions on primary care visits and screenings within 1 year postpartum for individuals with chronic conditions or pregnancy conditions with long-term health risks.

METHODS:
This was a planned secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial of a behavioral science–informed intervention designed to increase primary care practitioner (PCP) visits within 4 months postpartum compared with routine care. The intervention included default PCP visit scheduling with nudge reminders and use of tailored language. The primary outcome for this secondary analysis was attending an annual examination or health care maintenance visit with a PCP within 1 year postpartum. Visits with a PCP for any reason and receipt of screenings or services by a PCP (eg, weight, blood pressure, mood screening) were also compared. Outcomes were compared between groups with χ2 testing.

RESULTS:
All 353 participants were followed through 1 year after their due dates: 173 in the control group and 180 in the intervention group. More patients in the intervention group attended an annual examination with a PCP within 1 year compared with the control group (59.0% vs 39.3%, P<.001) and had a PCP visit for any reason (72.8% vs 61.3%, P=.02). A significantly higher rate of mental health disorder screening was observed in the intervention group (63.9% vs 55.5%, P=.046); significant differences in other screenings were not observed.

CONCLUSION:
This relatively simple and low-cost intervention designed to facilitate transition from postpartum to primary care within the first 4 months demonstrated benefits for PCP engagement within the first year postpartum.

CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION:

ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT05543265.
MEsh FIxation STudy in Laparoendoscopic Repair of M3 Inguinal Hernias
Authors: Zamkowski Mateusz , Maciej Śmietański , Paula Franczak , Dominik Górski , Jacek Grabias , Michał Janik , Aleksander Król , Kryspin Mitura , Olaf Mędraś , Łukasz Nawacki , Michał Romańczuk , Przemysław Rymkiewicz , Sławomir Saluk , Przemysław Sroczyński , Leszek Sułkowski , Dominik Wieczorek , Marcin Włodarczyk 
Published: February 2025

Objective:
To evaluate the efficacy of non-fixation versus fixation of meshes in laparoendoscopic repair of M3 inguinal hernias in terms of recurrence, postoperative pain, and surgical complications.

Summary Background Data:
International guidelines recommend mesh fixation for large M3 inguinal hernias during laparoendoscopic repairs due to high recurrence rates. However, emerging experimental and registry data suggest that anatomically shaped, rigid and three-dimensional meshes may maintain stability without fixation. This study aimed to address this knowledge gap through a multicenter randomized controlled trial.

Methods:
The MEFISTO Trial is a prospective, multicenter, double-blind, randomized controlled trial conducted in 12 surgical centers. A total of 204 patients with M3 inguinal hernias were randomized into two groups: a non-fixation group using three-dimensional, rigid, anatomical meshes. Fixation group using flat lightweight meshes fixed with tissue adhesive. The primary outcome was the recurrence rate at 12 months. The secondary outcomes included postoperative pain (Visual Analog Scale) and surgical site occurrence. Data were analyzed using appropriate statistical methods for non-inferiority studies.

Results:
The recurrence rate at 12 months was 3.1% and 2.1% in the non-fixation and fixation groups respectively (P = 0.6847). No differences were observed in pain at discharge, 7–10 days post-surgery, or 12 months post-surgery. No significant differences were found in surgical complications or operative times between groups.

Conclusions:
Non-fixation of three-dimensional meshes is non-inferior to fixation of flat lightweight meshes for M3 inguinal hernia repair. These findings support the potential revision of international hernia management guidelines to incorporate non-fixation approaches with appropriate mesh types.
Chlamydia trachomatis genomes from rectal samples: description of a new clade comprising ompA-genotype L4 from Argentina
Authors: Büttner Karina Andrea , Wegner Fanny , Bregy Vera , Entrocassi Andrea Carolina , Gallo Vaulet María Lucía , López Aquino Deysi , La Rosa Luciana , Svidler López Laura , Puolakkainen Mirja H. , Hiltunen-Back Eija , Imkamp Frank , Egli Adrian , Seth-Smith Helena M.B. , Rodríguez Fermepin Marcelo ,   On behalf of the ESCMID Study Group for Mycoplasma and Chlamydia infections (ESGMAC)*
Published: February 2025

Graphical Abstract
We describe a new lineage of Chlamydia trachomatis lymphogranuloma venereum identified in Argentina, carrying ompA-genotype L4. We also present further diversification of the globally circulating L2b lineage.