bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Isolated limb perfusion with TNF‐alpha and melphalan for distal parts of the limb in soft tissue sarcoma patients
Authors: Deroose Jan P. , van Geel Albertus N. , Burger Jacobus W.A. , Eggermont Alexander M.M. , Verhoef Cornelis 
Published: October 2011

AbstractBackgroundApproximately 10% of soft tissue sarcomas (STS) occur in the most distal parts of the extremities. The standard therapy is local excision with adjuvant radiotherapy, but achieving wide resection margins might be difficult in the distal parts of the limb. Tumor necrosis factor‐alpha (TNF) and melphalan‐based isolated limb perfusion (TM‐ILP) is effective in locally advanced STS of the extremities. We report the results of TM‐ILP for STS in the most distal parts of the limb.MethodsBetween 1991 and 2009, 34 ILPs were performed in patients with irresectable STS of the wrist, hand, ankle, or foot. Disease was unifocal in 21 (62%) patients.ResultsOverall response rate was 71% (n = 24). After a median follow‐up of 34 (range 1–143) months the local recurrence rate was 32%. Amputation was unavoidable in four patients (13%), four other patients (13%) underwent a partial amputation of the hand or foot.ConclusionWith a limb salvage rate of 87%, TM‐ILP is an effective treatment modality in patients with distal STS. In all patients with an indication for amputation surgery due to an STS in the distal part of the limb, TM‐ILP should be considered. J. Surg. Oncol. 2012; 105:563–569. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A Social Network Analysis of Overseas Tourist Movement Patterns in Beijing: the Impact of the Olympic Games
Authors: Leung Xi Yu , Wang Fang , Wu Bihu , Bai Billy , Stahura Kurt A. , Xie Zhihua 
Published: October 2011

ABSTRACTThe 2008 Beijing Olympic Games had a great impact on the tourism industry in Beijing, especially on tourism flows and movements. This study used content analysis and social network analysis methods to examine 500 online trip diaries and analyze overseas tourist movement patterns in Beijing during the Olympics. The result revealed that overseas tourists were most interested in famous traditional attractions, and their movements were focused in the central city area of Beijing. The study identified the diversity of tourist attractions and the expansion of main visiting areas as the two main changes during the Olympics. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Estimated net saving to society from cochlear implantation in infants: A preliminary analysis
Authors: Colletti Liliana , Mandalà Marco , Shannon Robert V. , Colletti Vittorio 
Published: October 2011

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:Although it is clear that cochlear implants (CIs) are highly cost‐effective in adults and children, the possible additional economic benefit of implantation at younger ages has to be fully established to verify whether the costs and outcomes of CIs differ between infants and older children.Study Design:Retrospective cohort study.Methods:Comprehensive data of CI costs were obtained in four groups of children (age 2–11, 12–23, 24–35, and 72–83 months) from parent questionnaires, national healthcare and educational systems, and retail prices for materials used. Outcomes are compared in terms of receptive language level (Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test‐Revised [PPVT‐R]), with follow‐up to the chronological age of 10 years.Results:Implantation in infants was associated with a lower total cost for the first 10 years of life. The net savings to society ranged from around 21,000€ in the two younger classes to more than 35,000€ when comparing infants against children in the oldest group. When implantation was delayed, family costs played an important role in the increase in expenses. Children in the 2‐ to 11‐month group scored significantly better at the PPVT‐R than those in the other age groups (P < .05, P < .01, and P < .001, respectively; Dunn's test) at 10 years of age. The cost per 1‐year gain in vocabulary age at the PPVT‐R showed a substantial difference between the youngest and oldest age groups (13,266€/year, 17,719€/year, 20,029€/year, and 28,042€/year, respectively).Conclusions:CIs for patients under 1 year of age afford significantly improved performance and a net savings to society. Laryngoscope, 121:2455‐2460, 2011
Biosimulation of acute phonotrauma: An extended model
Authors: Li Nicole Y. K. , Vodovotz Yoram , Kim Kevin H. , Mi Qi , Hebda Patricia A. , Abbott Katherine Verdolini 
Published: October 2011

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:Personalized, preemptive, and predictive medicine is a central goal of contemporary medical care. The central aim of the present study was to investigate the utility of mechanistic computational modeling of inflammation and healing to address personalized therapy for patients with acute phonotrauma.Study Design:Computer simulation.Methods:Previously reported agent‐based models (ABMs) of acute phonotrauma were extended with additional inflammatory mediators as well as extracellular matrix components. The models were calibrated with empirical data for a panel of biomarkers—interleukin (IL)‐1β, IL‐6, IL‐8, IL‐10, tumor necrosis factor‐α and matrix metalloproteinase‐8—from individual subjects following experimentally induced phonotrauma and a randomly assigned voice treatment namely voice rest, resonant voice exercise, and spontaneous speech. The models' prediction accuracy for biomarker levels was tested for a 24‐hour follow‐up time point.Results:The extended ABMs reproduced and predicted trajectories of biomarkers seen in experimental data. The simulation results also agreed qualitatively with various known aspects of inflammation and healing. Model prediction accuracy was generally better following individual‐based calibration as compared to population‐based calibration. Simulation results also suggested that the special form of vocal fold oscillation in resonant voice may accelerate acute vocal fold healing.Conclusions:The calibration of inflammation/healing ABMs with subject‐specific data appears to optimize the models' prediction accuracy for individual subjects. This translational application of biosimulation might be used to predict individual healing trajectories, the potential effects of different treatment options, and most importantly, provide new understanding of health and healing in the larynx and possibly in other organs and tissues as well.
Mylohyoid advancement flap for closure of composite oral cavity defects
Authors: Sawhney Raja , Young Lindsay , Ducic Yadranko 
Published: October 2011

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:To describe a new surgical procedure in the reconstruction of composite oral cavity resections.Study Design:Retrospective chart review for all patients who received mylohyoid pull through muscle flap for reconstruction of oral composite resection with marginal mandibulectomy by the senior author between 1999 and 2008.Methods:Data gathered from the chart review included demographics, pathologic diagnosis, tumor margins, use of reconstruction plate, exposure to radiotherapy, need for gastrostomy tube, flap viability, and flap complications.Results:Twenty‐nine patients received composite resection, marginal mandibulectomy, and reconstruction with the mylohyoid muscle flap between 1999 and 2008. Twenty‐four of the 29 patients (82.7%) had a partial glossectomy as part of the resection. Flap success was 100%. Complications included partial skin graft loss (2 of 29) and partial flap dehiscence (2 of 29). Total complication rate was 13.8%. Twenty‐five patients (86%) were exposed to external‐beam radiotherapy. Two patients required supplemental alimentation with a gastrostomy tube. There were no cases of osteoradionecrosis.Conclusions:The mylohyoid flap is a valuable addition to the armamentarium of anterior oral cavity closures. The procedure is intuitive, and surgical time is miniscule. This procedure can often be used in cases previously requiring free flap closure. It allows a quick return to oral alimentation and has minimal donor site morbidity. Laryngoscope, 121:2313–2316, 2011
Parotid tumor size predicts proximity to the facial nerve
Authors: Domenick Natalie A. , Johnson Jonas T. 
Published: October 2011

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:Parotid surgery mandates that every effort be made to identify and preserve the integrity of the facial nerve. A simple method of predicting the proximity of the nerve to the capsule of the tumor preoperatively may benefit surgical planning and patient counseling. We hypothesized that tumor diameter would be an easily available method to predict nerve proximity to the capsule.Study Design:Retrospective review.Methods:Pathology reports for patients undergoing parotidectomy were retrospectively reviewed. Diameter and facial nerve margin positivity were observed and recorded for 109 pleomorphic adenomas, 41 Warthin's tumors, and 106 malignant lesions.Results:Malignant tumors were most likely to have positive facial nerve margin (63% vs. 53% of pleomorphic adenomas and 37% of Warthin's tumors). A significant difference was found between the diameter of all tumors with a positive facial nerve margin and those with a negative facial nerve margin (P < .001) with margin positivity associated with larger diameter lesions. For all type tumors ≥5 cm, 82.34% had a positive facial nerve margin. Tumors <2 cm were least likely to have a positive facial nerve margin. Logistic regression showed that diameter was correlated with risk of facial nerve margin positivity (odds ratio, 2.66; 95% confidence interval, 1.69‐4.18; P < .001).Conclusions:These results demonstrate that parotid tumor diameter is both a convenient and functional means of predicting proximity of a tumor to the facial nerve and for preoperative risk stratification. These observations have important clinical implications. Laryngoscope, 121:2366–2370, 2011
Management of angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitor–induced angioedema
Authors: Al‐Khudari Samer , Loochtan Michael J. , Peterson Edward , Yaremchuk Kathleen L. 
Published: October 2011

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:To develop and validate a clinical algorithm for management of patients with angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitor–induced angioedema (AIIA).Study Design:Prospective cohort observational study.Methods:Over 1 year, 40 patients with AIIA were evaluated by otolaryngology, underwent laryngoscopy, and were followed until disease resolution. The need for airway intervention, disposition for appropriate level of care, and other parameters were analyzed.Results:Treatment started within 61.5 minutes of presentation to the emergency department (ED). Mean duration until resolution of edema was 29 hours. Twenty (50%) patients required intensive care unit (ICU) admission, and six (15%) required intubation. Seventeen (42.5%) were monitored and discharged from the ED. Floor‐of‐mouth edema was present in 19 (47.5%), and massive tongue edema was found in four (10%) patients. The aryepiglottic fold was involved in 20 (50%) patients on laryngoscopy. Older patients (P = .048) with subjective dyspnea (P = .003) and dysphonia (P = .001) were most likely to require ICU admission. Upper lip swelling had a negative correlation with airway edema identifiable on laryngoscopy alone (P = .008). Dysphonia (n = 16) predicted airway edema upon laryngoscopy (P = .001). All 40 patients were triaged successfully without the need for readmission or escalation of level of care.Conclusions:The management protocol was successful in 40 consecutive patients to the appropriate level of care. History and physical examination may predict airway findings identified on laryngoscopy and help guide management when treatment by otolaryngology is not immediately available. A subset of patients will require acute airway intervention and can be identified at initial presentation. Laryngoscope, 121:2327–2334, 2011
Complexation of Amino‐Acid‐Based Block Copolymers With Dual Thermoresponsive Properties and Water‐Soluble Silsesquioxane Nanoparticles
Authors: Mori Hideharu , Saito Shoko , Shoji Kento 
Published: October 2011

AbstractSmart organic–inorganic hybrids are prepared using non‐covalent interactions between water‐soluble silsesquioxane nanoparticles and two amino acid‐based block copolymers prepared by reversible addition–fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization. A block copolymer displaying lower critical solution temperature (LCST) and upper critical solution temperature (UCST) is employed, in which only poly(N‐acryloyl‐4‐trans‐hydroxy‐L‐proline) segment could interact with the nanoparticles, whereas another poly(N‐acryloyl‐L‐proline methyl ester) segment shows a thermoresponsive property without any interaction. The complexation of another type of dual thermosensitive block copolymer with two different LCSTs and the silsesquioxane nanoparticles is also investigated.
Cerebrospinal fluid fatty acids in glucocerebrosidase‐associated Parkinson's disease
Authors: Schmid Stefan P. , Schleicher Erwin D. , Cegan Alexander , Deuschle Christian , Baur Stephanie , Hauser Ann‐Kathrin , Synofzik Matthis , Srulijes Karin , Brockmann Kathrin , Berg Daniela , Maetzler Walter 
Published: October 2011

AbstractBackground:Heterozygous mutations in the glucocerebrosidase gene lead to an increased risk for and to more severe alpha‐synuclein‐associated pathology in Parkinson's disease. As both glucocerebrosidase and alpha‐synuclein interact with fatty acids, we hypothesized that cerebrospinal fluid fatty acid levels are altered in these Parkinson's disease patients.Methods:Cerebrospinal fluid levels of 13 fatty acids in 8 Parkinson's disease patients with a heterozygous glucocerebrosidase mutation were compared with those of 41 idiopathic Parkinson's disease patients and 30 controls using gas chromatography.Results:Parkinson's disease patients with a heterozygous glucocerebrosidase mutation had lower levels of palmitoleic (P ≤ .007), oleic (P ≤ .016), linoleic (P ≤ .005), arachidonic (P ≤ .003), eicosapentaenoic (P ≤ .003) and decosahexaenoic (P ≤ .03) acids and lower levels of total fatty acids (P < .005) compared with both idiopathic Parkinson's disease patients and control subjects.Conclusions:These results suggest that abnormalities of fatty acid metabolism are specifically involved in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease associated with a heterozygous glucocerebrosidase mutation. © 2011 Movement Disorder Society
Prevalence of ADHD in four general adult outpatient clinics in North East England
Authors: Rao Prathibha , Place Maurice 
Published: October 2011

AbstractAlthough it is now acknowledged that ADHD can persist into adulthood, its diagnosis and treatment remain rather patchy. In this study, the authors estimate the frequency of undiagnosed ADHD in four general adult psychiatry outpatient clinics in North East England, and investigate how effective two screening questionnaires are at identifying its presence. Copyright © 2011 Wiley Interface Ltd
From teens to old age: psychiatry strives to help
Authors: Titmarsh Steve 
Published: October 2011

AbstractTreatment challenges across the life course was the theme for the 10th Latest Advances in Psychiatry Symposium, held in London in March. Speakers addressed issues facing psychiatrists caring for patients from the teenage years right through to old age. Steve Titmarsh provides an overview of the key issues raised during the meeting. Copyright © 2011 Wiley Interface Ltd
Three‐step growth method for high quality AlN epilayers
Authors: Nakarmi M. L. , Cai B. , Lin J. Y. , Jiang H. X. 
Published: October 2011

AbstractWe report a three‐step growth method to grow thick and high quality aluminum nitride (AlN) epilayers on sapphire substrates by metal organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD). The three‐step growth method begins with a deposition of a thin AlN buffer layer at 950 °C followed by an intermediate AlN (I‐AlN) layer at 1100 °C, and finally a thick AlN epilayer at high temperature around 1325 °C. AlN epilayers grown by this method have smooth surfaces, narrow width of X‐ray rocking curves, and strong band edge photoluminescence (PL) emissions with low impurity emissions. Transmission electron microscopy revealed that most of the threading dislocations are annihilated within 300 nm. Stacking faults are greatly reduced in epilayers grown by this method resulting in very low screw type threading dislocation density. Dominant threading dislocations in the AlN epilayers are edge type originated from misfit dislocations (MD).
Sensing herpes: more than toll
Authors: Melchjorsen Jesper 
Published: October 2011

SUMMARYTo launch an effective antiviral immune response, cells must recognize the virus, activate a cytokine response, and initiate inflammatory processes. Herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV‐1) and HSV‐2 are nuclear‐replicating viruses composed of a double‐stranded DNA genome plus glycoproteins that are incorporated into a lipid bilayer envelope that surrounds an icosahedral capsid. Several novel receptors that mediate innate recognition of HSV and that activate the innate immune response have been identified in recent years. The host‐virus interactions that lead to type I interferon (IFN), type III IFN, and cytokine production include cellular recognition of viral envelope and structural proteins, recognition of viral genomic DNA and recognition of virus‐derived double‐stranded RNAs. Such RNAs can interact with cellular pattern‐recognition receptors, including Toll‐like receptors and a number of cytoplasmic and nuclear receptors for virus DNA and virus‐derived RNAs. In this review, I present a systematic overview of innate cellular recognition of HSV infection that leads to immune activation, and I discuss the implications of the known cell‐host interactions. In addition, I discuss the use of innate stimulation to improve anti‐HSV treatment and vaccine response and I discuss future research aims. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Measuring the activation energy of thiol desorption using lateral force microscopy
Authors: Liao Yen‐Chih , Sun Huizhong , Weeks Brandon L. 
Published: October 2011

AbstractThermal stability of self‐assembled monolayers (SAMs) is important for applications in various surface science applications. As a model material, 16‐mercaptohexadecanoic acid (MHA) on template stripped gold surfaces was investigated to determine the effect of temperature on the change of lateral force signal using atomic force microscopy (AFM). Friction force signals were obtained at various temperatures in order to determine whether it was possible to correlate the friction signal with desorption of the thiol molecule from the surface. Samples were heated for up to 10 h ranging from 40 to 80°C in air and scanned every hour. A kinetic model was introduced to correlate the lateral force signal to the activation energy of desorption of the SAM from gold surface with heating. The activation energy of the detachment using this technique is 25.4 kcal/mol, which is consistent with other more complex techniques. SCANNING 34: 200–205, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Two‐Fold Emission From the S‐Shell of PbSe/CdSe Core/Shell Quantum Dots
Authors: Grodzińska Dominika , Evers Wiel H. , Dorland Renee , van Rijssel Jos , van Huis Marijn A. , Meijerink Andries , de Mello Donegá Celso , Vanmaekelbergh Daniel 
Published: October 2011

AbstractThe optical properties of PbSe/CdSe core/shell quantum dots with core sizes smaller than 4 nm in the 5–300 K range are reported. The photoluminescence spectra show two peaks, which become increasingly separated in energy as the core diameter is reduced below 4 nm. It is shown that these peaks are due to intrinsic exciton transitions in each quantum dot, rather than emission from different quantum dot sub‐ensembles. Most likely, the energy separation between the peaks is due to inter‐valley coupling between the L‐points of PbSe. The temperature dependence of the relative intensities of the peaks implies that the two emitting states are not in thermal equilibrium and that dark exciton states must play an important role.
Effects of processing on the structure of PVC/montmorillonite composites. I. Melt and solution processes
Authors: Zheng X. , Gilbert M. 
Published: October 2011

AbstractThe effects of processing conditions on the structure of poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC)/clay composites were investigated. Dry‐blending conditions were shown to affect composite structure in compression‐molded samples. PVC/(Cloisite Na) nanocomposites could not be prepared by melt compounding. Partially exfoliated and intercalated PVC/(Cloisite 30B) nanocomposites could be prepared by melt compounding. The effects of the grain structure of PVC resin and the PVC fusion mechanism on nanocomposite formation were considered. The particulate structure of the PVC resin was found to restrict the distribution ofclay, which could be improved by increasing the processing temperature. Almost fully exfoliated PVC/(Cloisite 30B) nanocomposites were prepared from solutions in tetrahydrofuran, and the plasticizer migration resistance of these composites was substantially improved. J. VINYL ADDIT. TECHNOL., 2011. © 2011 Society of Plastics Engineers
Morphologic evidence of diffuse vascular damage in human and in the experimental model of ethylmalonic encephalopathy
Authors: Giordano Carla , Viscomi Carlo , Orlandi Maurizia , Papoff Paola , Spalice Alberto , Burlina Alberto , Di Meo Ivano , Tiranti Valeria , Leuzzi Vincenzo , d'Amati Giulia , Zeviani Massimo 
Published: October 2011

AbstractEthylmalonic encephalopathy (EE) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by early onset encephalopathy, chronic diarrhoea, petechiae, orthostatic acrocyanosis and defective cytochrome c oxidase (COX) in muscle and brain. High levels of lactic, ethylmalonic and methylsuccinic acids are detected in body fluids. EE is caused by mutations in ETHE1, a mitochondrial sulphur dioxygenase. By studying a suitable mouse model, we found that loss of ETHE1 leads to accumulation of sulphide, which is a poison for COX and other enzymatic activities thus accounting for the main features of EE. We report here the first autopsy case of a child with a genetically confirmed diagnosis of EE, and compare the histological, histochemical and immunohistochemical findings with those of the constitutive Ethe1−/− mice. In addition to COX depleted cells, widespread endothelial lesions of arterioles and capillaries of the brain and gastrointestinal tract were the pathologic hallmarks in both organisms. Our findings of diffuse vascular damage of target critical organs are in keeping with the hypothesis that the pathologic effects of ETHE1 deficiency may stem from high levels of circulating hydrogen sulphide rather than the inability of specific organs to detoxify its endogenous production.
7000 years of paleostorm activity in the NW Mediterranean Sea in response to Holocene climate events
Authors: Sabatier Pierre , Dezileau Laurent , Colin Christophe , Briqueu Louis , Bouchette Frédéric , Martinez Philippe , Siani Giuseppe , Raynal Olivier , Von Grafenstein Ulrich 
Published: October 2011

A high-resolution record of paleostorm events along the French Mediterranean coast over the past 7000 years was established from a lagoonal sediment core in the Gulf of Lions. Integrating grain size, faunal analysis, clay mineralogy and geochemistry data with a chronology derived from radiocarbon dating, we recorded seven periods of increased storm activity at 6300–6100, 5650–5400, 4400–4050, 3650–3200, 2800–2600, 1950–1400 and 400–50 cal yr BP (in the Little Ice Age). In contrast, our results show that the Medieval Climate Anomaly (1150–650 cal yr BP) was characterised by low storm activity.The evidence for high storm activity in the NW Mediterranean Sea is in agreement with the changes in coastal hydrodynamics observed over the Eastern North Atlantic and seems to correspond to Holocene cooling in the North Atlantic. Periods of low SSTs there may have led to a stronger meridional temperature gradient and a southward migration of the westerlies. We hypothesise that the increase in storm activity during Holocene cold events over the North Atlantic and Mediterranean regions was probably due to an increase in the thermal gradient that led to an enhanced lower tropospheric baroclinicity over a large Central Atlantic-European domain.