bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sudden hearing loss from PDE‐5 inhibitors: A possible cellular stress etiology
Authors: Maddox Patrick T. , Saunders James , Chandrasekhar Sujana S. 
Published: June 2009

AbstractObjectives:Phosphodiesterase‐5 (PDE) inhibitors are a relatively new class of drugs introduced in 1998 for the treatment of erectile dysfunction and pulmonary artery hypertension. Recent concerns regarding these drugs and sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSHL) have resulted in an FDA requirement for more stringent labeling. In this report, we further investigate the potential link between SSHL and use of these drugs.Study Design:Report of two cases and review of FDA postmarketing data.Methods:Retrospective review.Results:Twenty‐five patients were evaluated in our study with a variable amount of information available on each patient. Fifteen patients (88%) experienced the event within 24 hours of taking a PDE‐5 inhibitor. Eight patients (32%) had associated vertigo concurrently with their hearing loss. Ninety‐six percent of reported cases were unilateral. Complete resolution of hearing was noted in five patients (20%), whereas three other patients (12%) had at least partial improvement. Therefore, eight patients (32%) had documented improvement in their hearing from initial presentation.Conclusions:Although the data are inconclusive, there is a potential link between PDE‐5 inhibitor use and SSHL. Otolaryngologists should, therefore, inquire regarding PDE‐5 inhibitor use as a potential cause of SSHL. Although there is currently no direct evidence for a mechanism of this side effect, we postulate that it is related to the prolonged effects of intracellular cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) within the cochlea. Laryngoscope, 2009
Recovery of vocal fold paralysis after cardiovascular surgery
Authors: Joo Daekeun , Duarte Victor M. , Ghadiali Murtaza T. , Chhetri Dinesh K. 
Published: June 2009

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:To review the incidence and time course of recovery of vocal fold paralysis (VFP) in adult patients after cardiovascular surgery.Study Design:Retrospective cohort study of adults after cardiovascular surgery at a tertiary care academic medical center.Methods:Patients with VFP after cardiovascular surgery were identified from a database of hospitalized patients undergoing voice and swallow evaluation. VFP was confirmed using transnasal fiberoptic laryngoscopy within 1 week of surgery. Follow‐up laryngoscopy was performed in those with VFP in the outpatient clinic. Those with persistent paralysis were followed and the time course of recovery was noted.Results:Eighty‐six adult postoperative cardiovascular surgery patients (ages 34 to 83 years, mean 68) were identified from the inpatient voice and swallowing evaluation database. There were 20 patients (23%) with unilateral VFP. Thirteen patients followed‐up for outpatient laryngoscopy. Ten of the thirteen patients (77%) ultimately had complete resolution of VFP. Three patients had persistent paralysis at a mean follow‐up of 18 months. There was no obvious correlation between type of cardiovascular surgery and VFP. Signs of recovery were generally evident prior to 6 months and no recovery was seen beyond 12 months.Conclusions:Most patients with VFP after cardiovascular surgery recover fully. In accordance with previous laryngeal electromyography findings, neuropraxia during cardiovascular surgery will usually recover within 6 months. Laryngoscope, 2009
Factors affecting long‐term survival in patients with recurrent head and neck cancer may help define the role of post‐treatment surveillance
Authors: Agrawal Amit , Hammond Thomas H. , Young Gregory S. , Avon Amanda L. , Ozer Enver , Schuller David E. 
Published: June 2009

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:Assess impact of clinical variables upon survival in patients diagnosed with recurrent head and neck carcinoma and better delineate role of post‐treatment surveillance.Methods:Variables including previous tumor site, stage, prior therapy, location of recurrence, patient‐identified symptoms, compliance with recommended surveillance, definitive salvage therapy, and clinical outcome were recorded for patients diagnosed with recurrent head and neck cancer from which estimates of survival were generated and compared.Results:One hundred five patients were identified as having been diagnosed with recurrent disease. The majority (81%) were deemed compliant with recommended surveillance. Eighty‐nine patients (85%) identified new symptoms/findings prior to diagnosis. Survival was not significantly different between compliant and noncompliant patients (P = .20). For patients who underwent salvage therapy, no significant differences in survival were seen according to original primary site or mode of treatment for recurrence. Better survival was seen in patients with original prior early stage disease (P = .0001) and in patients with local‐only site of disease recurrence (P = .0001).Conclusions:In patients with recurrent disease, survival may relate more to variables associated with prior disease or recurrence location than those associated with follow‐up surveillance. Surveillance and salvage therapy for recurrent disease may, however, preferentially benefit certain subgroups: 1) patients with prior early stage disease, and 2) those in whom site of recurrence is local‐only. Despite high compliance with recommended surveillance, survival remains extremely poor for patients with recurrent disease previously treated for advanced stage disease or with those with regional recurrence. As such, the impact of routine surveillance upon survival in these patients remains unclear. Laryngoscope, 2009
Femtosecond nonlinear frequency conversion based on BiB3O6
Authors: Petrov V. , Ghotbi M. , Kokabee O. , Esteban‐Martin A. , Noack F. , Gaydardzhiev A. , Nikolov I. , Tzankov P. , Buchvarov I. , Miyata K. , Majchrowski A. , Kityk I.V. , Rotermund F. , Michalski E. , Ebrahim‐Zadeh M. 
Published: June 2009

AbstractWe review the physical properties, linear and nonlinear optical characteristics, and phase‐matching configurations of BiB3O6 (BIBO), the first low‐symmetry (monoclinic) inorganic nonlinear crystal that has found broad applications for frequency conversion of laser sources from the UV, across the visible, to the near‐IR based on three‐wave interactions. We describe in detail the most relevant optical properties that make this material an attractive candidate for nonlinear frequency conversion of laser light in general, and ultrafast femtosecond laser sources in particular. With special focus on ultrafast frequency conversion, characteristics such as group‐velocity mismatch and spectral acceptance, parametric gain bandwidth, group‐velocity dispersion, as well as angular acceptance and spatial walk‐off are evaluated and optimum configurations for the attainment of maximum conversion efficiency, minimum pulse duration, and highest spatial beam quality are identified and compared with the most widely established alternative borate crystal, β‐BaB2O4. Experimental results are presented on both parametric up‐ and down‐conversion of femtosecond pulses, from the high‐energy, low‐repetition‐rate (1 kHz) to the low‐energy, high‐repetition‐rate (56–76 MHz) regime, demonstrating the unique versatility of BIBO for efficient frequency conversion of femtosecond pulses with broad tunability from 250 nm in the UV, throughout the visible, up to ∼ 3000 nm in the IR.
Lessons learned from the clinical reappraisal study of the Composite International Diagnostic Interview with Latinos
Authors: Alegria Margarita , Shrout Patrick E. , Torres Maria , Lewis‐Fernández Roberto , Abelson Jamie M. , Powell Meris , Interian Alejandro , Lin Julia , Laderman Mara , Canino Glorisa 
Published: June 2009

AbstractGiven recent adaptations of the World Health Organization's World Mental Health Composite International Diagnostic Interview (WMH‐CIDI), new methodological studies are needed to evaluate the concordance of CIDI diagnoses with clinical diagnostic interviews. This paper summarizes lessons learned from a clinical reappraisal study done with US Latinos. We compare CIDI diagnoses with independent clinical diagnosis using the World Mental Health Structured Clinical Interview for DSM‐IV (WMH‐SCID 2000). Three sub‐samples stratified by diagnostic status (CIDI positive, CIDI negative, or CIDI sub‐threshold for a disorder) based on nine disorders were randomly selected for a telephone re‐interview using the SCID. We calculated sensitivity, specificity, and weight‐adjusted Cohen's kappa. Weighted 12 month prevalence estimates of the SCID are slightly higher than those of the CIDI for generalized anxiety disorder, alcohol abuse/dependence, and drug abuse/dependence. For Latinos, CIDI‐SCID concordance at the aggregate disorder level is comparable, albeit lower, to other published reports. The CIDI does very well identifying negative cases and classifying disorders at the aggregate level. Good concordance was also found for major depressive episode and panic disorder. Yet, our data suggests that the CIDI presents problems for assessing post‐traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). Recommendations on how to improve future versions of the CIDI for Latinos are offered. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A dimensional versus a categorical approach to diagnosis: Anxiety and depression in the HUNT 2 study
Authors: Bjelland Ingvar , Lie Stein A. , Dahl Alv A. , Mykletun Arnstein , Stordal Eystein , Kraemer Helena C. 
Published: June 2009

AbstractThe aim of this study was to compare a dimensional and a categorical approach to diagnosis, using as an illustration co‐occurring symptoms of anxiety and depression concerning description, associations and predictive power. We analysed data from 60 869 individuals with valid ratings on the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and on mental impairment in the age range of 20 to 89 years of the cross‐sectional Nord‐Trøndelag Health Study 1995–1997. There was a wide variation of the dimensional symptom level (subscale scores) within both diagnostic categories (cut‐offs ≥8 on both subscales), as is usually true with categorical and dimensional diagnosis. The dimensional (Spearman) correlation coefficients between anxiety and depression was 0.51 compared to 0.38 for the categorical. The power to predict impairment was weaker with the categorical than with the dimensional approach of the HADS, showing fewer statistically significant coefficients in the logistic regression models and lower area under curve (0.82 versus 0.87). This is an example illustrating the impact use of dimensional diagnoses would have on research and clinical practice. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A psychometric evaluation of the clinician‐rated Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology (QIDS‐C16) in patients with bipolar disorder
Authors: Bernstein Ira H. , Rush A. John , Suppes Trisha , Trivedi Madhukar H. , Woo Ada , Kyutoku Yasushi , Crismon M. Lynn , Dennehy Ellen , Carmody Thomas J. 
Published: June 2009

AbstractThe clinician‐rated, 16‐item Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology (QIDS‐C16) has been extensively evaluated in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD). This report assesses the psychometric properties of the QIDS‐C16 in outpatients with bipolar disorder (BD, N = 405) and MDD (N = 547) and in bipolar patients in the depressed phase only (BD‐D) (N = 99) enrolled in the Texas Medication Algorithm Project (TMAP) using classical test theory (CTT) and the Samejima graded item response theory (IRT) model.Values of coefficient alpha were very similar in BD, MDD, and BD‐D groups at baseline (α = 0.80–0.81) and at exit (α = 0.82–0.85). The QIDS‐C16 was unidimensional for all three groups. MDD and BD‐D patients (n = 99) had comparable symptom levels. The BD‐D patients (n = 99) had the most, and bipolar patients in the manic phase had the least depressive symptoms at baseline. IRT analyses indicated that the QIDS‐C16 was most sensitive to the measurement of depression for both MDD patients and for BD‐D patients in the average range.The QIDS‐C16 is suitable for use with patients with BD and can be used as an outcome measure in trials enrolling both BD and MDD patients. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Trennung mit Licht
Authors: Haisch Christoph 
Published: June 2009

AbstractPhotophorese bezeichnet die Bewegung von Partikeln unter dem Einfluss von Licht. Obwohl der Effekt seit mehr als 80 Jahren bekannt ist, gibt es bisher kaum Anwendungen in der analytischen Chemie. Dabei lassen sich über photophoretische Kräfte nicht nur optische und thermische Eigenschaften einzelner Partikel charakterisieren, sondern die Partikel lassen sich nach diesen Eigenschaften auch trennen.
Achema 2009
Authors: Zbikowski Frauke 
Published: June 2009

AbstractDie zweitstärkste Ausstellergruppe nach den Herstellern von Pumpen, Kompressoren und Armaturen waren auf der Achema mit etwa 700 Ausstellern die Anbieter von Labor‐ und Analysentechnik. Bei den Geräten gehen die Trends in Richtung Geschwindigkeit, Automatisierung und einfacher Bedienung.
Mixed piezoelectric plate elements with direct evaluation of transverse electric displacement
Authors: Carrera E. , Nali P. 
Published: June 2009

AbstractA mixed variational statement for the analysis of layered structures under the effect of mechanical and electrical fields is proposed in this paper to develop finite plate elements that permit the direct evaluation of transverse electrical displacement Dz. The original Reissner mixed variational theorem, RMVT, has been modified to account for ‘only’ interlaminar continuous Dz. Continuity of mechanical variables, such as transverse shear and normal stress components, has been discarded to provide a simple ‘electrical’ modified RMVT, here called RMVT‐Dz. Finite element implementations are made via the Carrera unified formulation. The advantages of the proposed approach have been demonstrated through numerical comparisons with classical formulations based on the principle of virtual displacements as well as with available 3D solutions. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effect of immobilization of polysaccharides on the biocompatibility of poly(butyleneadipate‐co‐terephthalate) films
Authors: Jao Win‐Chun , Lin Chien‐Hong , Hsieh Jui‐Yuan , Yeh Yi‐Hsing , Liu Chia‐Yi , Yang Ming‐Chien 
Published: June 2009

AbstractAiming to improve the hydrophilicity, antibacterial activity, cytocompatibility, and hemocompatibility of poly(butyleneadipate‐co‐terephthalate) (PBAT) films, PBAT films were treated with ozone, grafted with chitosan (CS), and followed by covalent immobilization of either heparin (HEP) or hyaluronic acid (HA). The surface graft density of modified PBAT films was detected by X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and dyeing. The surface roughness of PBAT films was measured using an atomic force microscope (AFM). After immobilizing CS, PBAT films acquired antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. The adsorption of human serum albumin (HSA) and human plasma fibrinogen (HPF) on PBAT–CS–HEP and PBAT–CS–HA films was lower compared to that of native PBAT. Moreover, HEP immobilization could effectively reduce platelet adhesion and prolong the blood coagulation time, thereby improving the blood compatibility of PBAT. In addition, the growth of L929 fibroblasts was improved for HEP or HA immobilized PBAT, suggesting this surface modification was non‐cytotoxic. Furthermore, PBAT–CS–HEP and PBAT–CS–HA exhibited higher cell proliferation than native PBAT. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Adverse drug reaction active surveillance: developing a national network in Canada's children's hospitals
Authors: Carleton BC , Poole RL , Smith MA , Leeder JS , Ghannadan R , Ross CJD , Phillips MS , Hayden MR 
Published: June 2009

AbstractPurposeAdverse drug reactions (ADRs) rank as the fifth leading cause of death in the western world. The nature and scope of these ADRs in children are not predictable based on post market surveillance reports that rely heavily on adult drug experience. The genotype‐specific approaches to therapy in childhood (GATC) national ADR network was established to identify specific ADRs and to improve drug safety through identification of predictive genomic biomarkers of drug risk.MethodsGATC set out to establish a national network of trained surveillance clinicians in pediatric hospitals across Canada. Surveillance clinicians identified, enrolled, and collected clinical data and biological samples from ADR cases and controls. Surveillance was targeted to three ADRs: anthracycline‐induced cardiotoxicity, cisplatin‐induced hearing impairment, and codeine‐induced mortality in breastfed infants.ResultsThe initial surveillance site was established in September 2005, with 10 sites fully operational by 2008. In 3 years, GATC enrolled 1836 ADR cases and 13188 controls. Target numbers were achieved for anthracycline‐induced cardiotoxicity. Modified target numbers were nearly attained for cisplatin‐induced hearing impairment. Codeine‐induced infant mortality in a breastfed infant was discovered by GATC investigators. A case–control study was subsequently conducted.ConclusionGATC has demonstrated a model of active and targeted surveillance that builds an important step toward the goal of personalized medicine for children. Effective communication, site‐specific solutions and long‐term sustainability across the network are critical to maintain participation and productivity. GATC may provide a framework of ADR surveillance that can be adapted by other countries and healthcare systems. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Use of antirheumatic drugs in mothers and fathers before and during pregnancy—a population‐based cohort study
Authors: Viktil Kirsten K , Engeland Anders , Furu Kari 
Published: June 2009

AbstractPurposeExploring the use of antirheumatic drugs in pregnant women and expectant fathers.MethodsPopulation‐based cohort study, based on linkage of two nationwide databases: the Norwegian Prescription Database was linked to data on 106 000 pregnancies during 2004–2006 from the Medical Birth Registry of Norway. Antirheumatic drugs dispensed to mothers 3 months prior to conception, during pregnancy, and up to 6 months after delivery, and prescriptions to fathers 3 months prior to conception were identified.ResultsDuring the 18‐month observation period for each pregnancy, 1411 women (1.3% of the women) redeemed at least one antirheumatic drug. Of these, 45% received at least one drug during 3 months prior to conception and 28% in the first trimester. Four women redeemed prescriptions for methotrexate during the 3 months prior to conception, and two women did so during the pregnancy. One of the four women on leflunomide, received the drug 3 months before conception, and two of them during the first trimester. Among the women using etanercept, 19 women redeemed the prescription 3 months before pregnancy, 11 during the first trimester, one in both the second and third trimesters. Three months prior to conception, 837 expecting fathers (0.8%) redeemed at least one prescription: 40 had sulfasalazin, 36 methotrexate and 28 had biological drugs.ConclusionThree women redeemed leflunomide or methotrexate, which have known teratogenic effects, during their first trimester. While there are high levels of awareness about maternal drug use in pregnancy, drug exposure in fathers shortly before conception should be further explored. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Quality circles to improve prescribing of primary care physicians. Three comparative studies
Authors: Wensing Michel , Broge Björn , Riens Burgi , Kaufmann‐Kolle Petra , Akkermans Reinier , Grol Richard , Szecsenyi Joachim 
Published: June 2009

AbstractPurposeTo determine the effectiveness of quality circles on prescribing patterns of primary care physicians in Germany and to explore the influence of specific factors on changes.MethodsThree large non‐randomised comparative studies were performed in primary care in Germany, with baseline measurements in 2001 and follow‐up measurements in 2003. 1090 physicians were in intervention groups and 2090 physicians in control groups. For each physician, data on 444 patients and 1201 prescriptions were available, on average, at each measurement moment. Quality circles comprising of a series of small group moderated meetings of physicians, provision of evidence‐based information and repeated written feedback on individual prescribing patterns.ResultsCompared to the control groups, physicians in the intervention groups reduced mean prescription cost per patient per 3‐month period by 1.87 € (95%CI 0.51 to 3.22), increased generic drugs of all potentially generic prescriptions by 0.75% (95%CI 0.40 to 1.10), increased prescription of recommended lipid lowering drugs by 4.24% (95%CI 2.40 to 6.10), increased the prescription of recommended antibiotics by 1.72% (95%CI 0.33 to 3.10). Groups with more positive views of performance feedback, evidence‐based indicators and price comparisons showed more change of prescribing.ConclusionsQuality circles had a modest effect on prescribing quality and costs. If widely implemented, they could have nationwide impact on the quality and costs of prescribing in primary care. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Miglustat (Zavesca®) in type 1 Gaucher disease: 5‐year results of a post‐authorisation safety surveillance programme
Authors: Hollak Carla E. M. , Hughes Derralynn , van Schaik Ivo N. , Schwierin Barbara , Bembi Bruno 
Published: June 2009

AbstractPurposeMiglustat (Zavesca®) is an orally‐available substrate reduction therapy (SRT) for treatment of mild‐to‐moderate type 1 Gaucher disease (GD1) in adult patients unsuitable for enzyme replacement therapy (ERT). Miglustat has not been evaluated in children with GD1, and is not used during pregnancy and breast‐feeding. A non‐interventional, prospective, web‐based safety surveillance programme was initiated at the time of the European launch of miglustat in 2003, and is ongoing. We report the first 5 years of collected data, focusing on neurological manifestations.MethodsData were collected on 122 GD1 patients between March 2003 and April 2008, representing 244 patient‐years cumulative miglustat post‐authorisation experience. The electronically‐captured data collected from participating physicians includes patient demographics, prior and current therapies, baseline disease manifestations and concurrent conditions, disease severity, duration of miglustat exposure, and safety‐relevant information.ResultsMean (SD) age at baseline was 46.1 (16.5) years. At baseline, bone disease and neurological manifestations were reported in 55.6 and 28.6% of patients, respectively; the latter included peripheral neuropathy (7.2%) and a wide variety of neurological symptoms and signs. In addition, 23.2% had other health conditions relevant to neurological status. During the reporting period, new neurological manifestations were reported in 23 (18.9%) patients, principally tremor. Thirty‐five (28.7%) patients discontinued treatment, predominantly for gastrointestinal (GI) disturbances (11.5%), two‐thirds of which occurred during the first 6 months.ConclusionThe safety profile of miglustat in GD1 patients included in the safety surveillance programme is overall consistent with that reported in the registration and other clinical trials, and no new safety finding was identified. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.