bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Review: pure, amorphous iron
Authors: Bhadeshia H. K. D. H. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis is a review of glassy iron in its pure form, written in honour of Professor Kamanio Chattopadhyay’s distinguished career, particularly with respect to highly metastable materials. The review covers the difficulty in obtaining amorphous iron, the clever experiments that have produced small particles or thin films of glassy iron, together with models that estimate the process parameters and many other features of disorder. Magnetic properties are highlighted though not fully understood.
Square-well Model for Superconducting Pair Potential
Authors: Thuneberg Erkki 
Published: June 2024

AbstractWe study Andreev reflection in a one-dimensional square-well pair potential. We discuss the history of the model. The current-phase relation is presented as a sum over Matsubara frequencies. How the current arises from bound and continuum levels is found by analytic continuation. We discuss two limiting cases of the square-well potential, the zero-length well and the infinite well. The model is quantitatively valid in some cases but forms the basis for understanding a wide range of problems in inhomogeneous superconductivity and superfluidity.
Investigating the impact of PACAP on thermal stability of G-actin by differential scanning calorimetry
Authors: Bukovics Péter , Tamás Andrea , Tóth Gábor , Lőrinczy Dénes 
Published: June 2024

AbstractPituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) is a bioactive peptide known for its diverse effects on the nervous system. While numerous studies have demonstrated the neuroprotective properties of PACAP, its role in tissue regeneration and potential as a therapeutic agent remain to be fully understood. Specifically, the understanding of PACAP’s impact on cytoskeletal dynamics, particularly the organization and disorganization of actin filament networks, is limited due to the scarcity of in vitro studies in this area. Additionally, the interaction between PACAP and actin has been minimally explored, and the influence of PACAP on the thermal stability of actin is completely unknown. To address these gaps, the current study aimed to investigate the impact of different forms and fragments of PACAP on the thermal denaturation and renaturation of Ca2+-G-actin using a differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) approach. Our primary objective was to determine whether PACAP modulates the thermal stability of Ca2+-G-actin and establish a temperature-dependent pattern of any structural alterations that may occur as a result of PACAP interaction. Two PACAP forms exist in vivo: the 38 amino-acid length PACAP38 and the PACAP27, the latter truncated at the C-terminal. In the PACAP38 + Ca2+-G-actin mixture, the DSC scans exhibited a mild decrease in actin denaturation temperature compared to the control, plus an exotherm appeared in the high-temperature range with a significantly increased calorimetric enthalpy. The truncated PACAP27 produced a slight increase in actin denaturation temperature with the same exotherm without significant alteration in enthalpy. In PACAP6-38 mixture (i.e., an artificial fragment of PACAP38 + Ca2+-G-actin), there was no change in the denaturation temperature of actin and no plus exotherm, but significant ΔHcal was observed. With the modified PACAP6-27 (another artificial fragment), the exotherm was absent, but the actin denaturation temperature and enthalpy increased compared to the control. Through this research, we sought to elucidate the underlying mechanisms of PACAP’s effects on actin dynamics and provide valuable insights into the potential therapeutic applications of PACAP in the context of cytoskeletal organization and neuronal regeneration. The findings of this study may contribute to the development of novel strategies targeting actin-related processes for neuroprotection and neural tissue repair.
A multicriteria decision analysis for selecting rainwater harvesting systems in rural areas: a tool for developing countries
Authors: Prieto-Jiménez Diana , Oviedo-Ocaña Edgar Ricardo , Gómez-Isidro Sully , Domínguez Isabel Cristina 
Published: June 2024

AbstractGlobal water provision challenges have promoted decentralized water supply alternatives such as rainwater harvesting systems (RWHS). RWHS sustainability demands involve social, technical, and economic criteria in planning. Generally, in rural areas, water provision is more complex due to multiple uses of water, scattering of households, and low economies of scale. This research proposes a multicriteria tool for selecting RWHS in rural areas, considering social, technical, and economic criteria. The tool was developed by systematically identifying subcriteria and their hierarchization through the analytical hierarchy process (AHP), the technique for order of preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS), and a case study validation. Seven subcriteria were identified. The hierarchy of criteria was social (49.7%), technical (26.4%), and economic (23.9%). The tool involved: (i) users’ consultation about the perceived ease of use and availability of water sources other than rainwater; (ii) system dimensioning to establish supply size, maintenance requirements, and required water quality; and (iii) costs and benefits estimation. Tool validation in a rural area included the evaluation of the alternatives proposed: (a) alternative 1: potable domestic uses (PD) and non-potable (NPD); (b) alternative 2: PD and NPD, irrigation of crops and chicken farming for self-consumption; and alternative 3: PD and NPD and chicken farming for profit sale. The sensitivity analysis showed the tool’s consistency and robustness. Tool validation highlights the importance of integrating the three dimensions in selecting RWHS. The study provides a systematic methodology to assess and prioritize RWHS, appealing to policymakers, engineers, and practitioners facilitating water management and supply processes in rural areas.
To What Extent Are Informal Healthcare Providers in Slums Linked to the Formal Health System in Providing Services in Sub-Sahara Africa? A 12-Year Scoping Review
Authors: Odii Aloysius , Arize Ifeyinwa , Agwu Prince , Mbachu Chinyere , Onwujekwe Obinna 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe contributions of informal providers to the urban health system and their linkage to the formal health system require more evidence. This paper highlights the collaborations that exist between informal providers and the formal health system and examines how these collaborations have contributed to strengthening urban health systems in sub-Sahara Africa. The study is based on a scoping review of literature that was published from 2011 to 2023 with a focus on slums in sub-Sahara Africa. Electronic search for articles was performed in Google, Google Scholar, PubMed, African Journal Online (AJOL), Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ), ScienceDirect, Web of Science, Hinari, ResearchGate, and yippy.com. Data extraction was done using the WHO health systems building blocks. The review identified 26 publications that referred to collaborations between informal providers and formal health systems in healthcare delivery. The collaboration is manifested through formal health providers registering and standardizing the practice of informal health providers. They also participate in training informal providers and providing free medical commodities for them. Additionally, there were numerous instances of client referrals, either from informal to formal providers or from formal to informal providers. However, the review also indicates that these collaborations are unformalized, unsystematic, and largely undocumented. This undermines the potential contributions of informal providers to the urban health system.
Hegel’s Political Theology of Kenosis: From the Death of God to the Hegelian Monarch
Authors: Molina Almudena 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This article explores the concept of the death of God in Hegel's philosophy and its implications for his political thought. It argues that Hegel's notion of the death of God involves a Christological kenotic sense of self-emptying, which extends beyond his philosophy of religion to impact his entire philosophical system, including politics, given that Hegel considers that the state consists in the march of God. The paper aims to interpret Hegel’s stance on the death of God as kenotic and its integration into his system, with the purpose of addressing how this kenotic structure manifests in concrete conceptions of the state. Specifically, it examines the enigmatic figure of the Hegelian monarch as a kenotic-political figure. Finally, it concludes that Hegel's political thought consists of a political theology of kenosis, which is more concerned with the divestment of power rather than a plenipotentiary paradigm.
Topology optimization of forming tools: pressure die in rotary draw bending process
Authors: Kaleem Muhammad Ali , Steinheimer Rainer , Frohn-Sörensen Peter , Kotzian Tobias , Engel Bernd 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe forming tools are conventionally manufactured from alloy steels. These tools can be designed to be light weight and cost effective without compromising performance characteristics. In this research, a fundamental forming tool (pressure die) of ‘rotary draw bending processes’ is topology optimized and 3D printed by using polymeric material. An accurate FE-simulation model of a rotary draw bending process is developed and topology optimization of the pressure die is carried out on the basis of contact stresses provided by FE-simulation results. The topology optimized pressure die is compared with its conventional metal made counter-part in terms of contact forces, contact normal stresses, effective area in-contact and cost performance index. This manuscript demonstrates that topology optimized lightweight 3D printed polymeric forming tools are a cost effective alternative to comparatively heavy alloy steels. This research contributes to widen the avenue of cost effective manufacturing by incorporating topology optimization regimes into existing production setups.
Short-term aggregate electric vehicle charging load forecasting in diverse conditions with minimal data using transfer and meta-learning
Authors: Narayana Gowda Shashank , Nath Keshav , Zhang Chen , Gowda Rohan , Gadh Rajit 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe proliferation of electric vehicles (EVs) necessitates accurate EV charging load forecasting for demand-side management and electric-grid planning. Conventional machine learning-based load forecasting methods like long short-term memory (LSTM) neural networks rely on large amounts of historical data, which can be resource-intensive and time-consuming to collect. In this study, we employ Transfer Learning (TL) and Model-Agnostic Meta-Learning (MAML) for short term EV charging load forecasting. These methods involve pre-training a base model on a larger comprehensive EV charging dataset followed by fine-tuning using a few days’ worth of EV charging data in our target location. We find that the performance of both the TL and MAML models outperform traditional LSTM models and other classic machine learning models in the context of forecast accuracy when working in three different settings with limited data , load variance, and diverse geographical locations. The error metrics from TL and MAML are up to 24% and 61% lower than deep learning and classic machine learning models respectively.
Cuproptosis-related DNA methylation signature predict prognosis and immune microenvironment in cutaneous melanoma
Authors: Zhu Liucun , Kang Xudong , Zhu Shuting , Wang Yanna , Guo Wenna , Zhu Rui 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe prognosis for Cutaneous Melanoma (CM), a skin malignant tumor that is extremely aggressive, is not good. A recently identified type of controlled cell death that is intimately related to immunotherapy and the development of cancer is called cuproptosis. Using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, we developed and validated a DNA-methylation located in cuproptosis death-related gene prognostic signature (CRG-located DNA-methylation prognostic signature) to predict CM’s prognosis. Kaplan–Meier analysis of our TCGA and GEO cohorts showed that high-risk patients had a shorter overall survival. The area under the curve (AUC) for the TCGA cohort was 0.742, while for the GEO cohort it was 0.733, according to the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. Furthermore, this signature was discovered as an independent prognostic indicator over CM patients based on Cox-regression analysis. Immunogenomic profiling indicated that majority immune-checkpoints got an opposite relationship with the signature, and patients in the group at low risk got higher immunophenoscore. Several immune pathways were enriched, according to functional enrichment analysis. In conclusion, a prognostic methylation signature for CM patients was established and confirmed. Because of its close relationship to the immune landscape, this signature may help clinicians make more accurate and individualized choices regarding therapy.
Exploring the Linkage Between Energy Consumption and Economic Growth in BRICS Countries Through Disaggregated Analysis
Authors: Raza Ali , Khan Muhammad Azam , Bakhtyar Baher 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe main objective of this study is to analyze the impact of disaggregated energy consumption (coal, natural gas, petrol, and electricity) on the economic growth of BRICS countries (Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa) from 1990 to 2020. The study implements the Augmented Mean Group (AMG) and Cross-Sectional Augmented Autoregressive Distributed Lag (CS-ARDL) techniques for empirical analysis. The cointegration results indicate a consistent long-term link between coal consumption, gas, petrol, electricity, and economic growth. The CS-ARDL estimates show that disaggregated energy consumption has a positive short- and long-term effect on economic growth, and the AMG approach supports these findings. These results suggest that the economic growth of BRICS countries is positively influenced by increased consumption of different types of energy sources. The panel Granger causality test result confirms the causal link between coal consumption and economic growth, electricity and economic growth, and petroleum and economic growth, supporting the feedback hypotheses, while natural gas consumption and economic growth support the neutral hypothesis. These findings suggest that energy conservation initiatives can be implemented in BRICS countries without negatively impacting economic growth.
Fostering Learning from Errors—Computer-Based Adaptivity at the Transition Between Problem Solving and Explicit Instruction
Authors: Boomgaarden Antje , Loibl Katharina , Leuders Timo 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
When learners acquire new content by working on a problem-solving task prior to explicit instruction, their attempts to solve the problem usually represent only partial steps on the way to the target concept. Both, theoretical assumptions on conceptual change as well as empirical findings on effective instructional formats with incorrect solutions, suggest that it is beneficial to address incorrect student solutions in a (subsequent) instruction phase by comparing incorrect and correct solutions. There is initial evidence that learning is most successful when learner compare the correct solution to an incorrect solution that reflects the learners’ conceptual understanding from the problem-solving phase. In the present study, we investigated in a highly controlled experimental design the relevance of this fit between the learners’ individual solution type from the problem-solving phase and the incorrect solution type in the instruction phase for learning success. In a computer-based learning environment, sixth graders worked on a problem-solving task to compare fractions. In the subsequent instruction phase, students in three conditions were given 1) an adaptive comparison, 2) a contra-adaptive comparison, 3) only the correct solution. Overall, there were no differences across conditions regarding the learning success. Further exploratory analyses revealed that only learners with an intermediate prior knowledge benefited from the adaptivity. This finding can be interpreted as indicator that our short intervention only induces conceptual change when basic knowledge is already available.
Physics-Informed Particle-Based Reinforcement Learning for Autonomy in Signalized Intersections
Authors: Emamifar Mehrnoosh , Ghoreishi Seyede Fatemeh 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIn this paper, we develop a framework to enhance the control of autonomous vehicles within signalized intersections by integrating system dynamics with imperfect sensor data. Although sensor data for autonomous vehicles is often partial, noisy, or missing, its alignment with underlying physics has the potential to significantly improve prediction accuracy. Our methodology involves a physics-based representation of system dynamics, accounting for stochastic elements originating from differences between real-world scenarios and model-based representations, using a Markov decision process (MDP) model that embraces system physics while accommodating uncertainties. Leveraging partial sensor data, we aim to diminish uncertainty associated with segments of the system model reflected in the data and better estimate the other physical variables that are not measurable through data. This framework develops particle-based reinforcement learning action policies, seamlessly integrating data and physics for controlling autonomous vehicles approaching signalized intersections. Numerical experiments showcase the effectiveness of these policies in ensuring safe control and decision-making in different scenarios of missing state variables and varying levels of data sparsity.
Exploring the interplay between water quality parameters and aquatic fauna in a human-dominated stream network in Iran
Authors: Zohrabi Hamid , Chamani Atefeh , Zamanpoore Mehrdad , Rezaei Tavabe Kamran 
Published: June 2024

AbstractRivers and streams are dynamic linear features that undergo numerous disturbances from nearby human activities. This is particularly evident in Iranian arid regions, where agricultural activities are concentrated along these water bodies to harness their freshwater resources. This study utilized 12 stations in the Maharlu stream network to assess the impact of human activities on its water quality and aquatic fauna. Results indicated that severe nutrient pollution attributed to a high mean nitrate concentration (67.77 ± 79.72 mg/L). By employing PCA analysis, three main principal components were extracted, explaining a variance of 82.61%. PC1 exhibited high positive loadings for dissolved oxygen (DO), while PC2 showed an elevated salt concentration. Midges and non-biting mosquitoes, predominantly from the Chironomidae family, emerged as the dominant taxon, contributing to over 98% of the total species abundance. Furthermore, integrated PCA–CCA analysis revealed downstream shifts in species composition toward more tolerant species, driven by decreasing DO levels and increasing salt concentrations. These shifts in trends found in water quality parameters and species composition were linked to agricultural runoff carrying substantial amounts of fertilizers, pesticides, and organic matter from livestock farming. Consequently, there is an urgent need to implement conservation measures to mitigate their adverse effects.
Fluorescence-guided laparoscopic lymph node biopsy for lymphoma: the FLABILY study
Authors: Casaccia Marco , Alemanno Giovanni , Prosperi Paolo , Ceccarelli Graziano , Olmi Stefano , Oldani Alberto , Santarelli Mauro , Tutino Roberta , De Cian Franco 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
To date, no reports have indicated laparoscopic lymph node biopsies using Indocyanine green (ICG) in cases of lymphoproliferative disease. Preliminary data of patients undergoing fluorescence-guided laparoscopic lymph node biopsy (FGLLB) using ICG was retrospectively analysed from the multicentre registry FLABILY study. Between June 2022 and February 2024, 50 patients underwent FGLLB. The surgical biopsy aimed to re-stage lymphoproliferative disease for 25 patients and to establish a diagnosis in 25 patients. The median duration of the procedure was 65 ± 26.5 min. All the procedures were performed laparoscopically. One surgical conversion occurred due to bleeding. Median length of hospitalization was 1 ± 1.7 days. Two unrelated complications occurred in the immediate postoperative course. ICG was administrated preoperatively by means of an inguinal, perilesional, or intravenous injection according to the anatomical sites of the biopsy. Fluorescence was obtained in 43/50 (86%) of patients. A significant difference was highlighted in the appearance of fluorescence in sub-mesocolic lymph nodes compared to supra-mesocolic and mesenteric lymph nodes (41/49 (83.6%) vs. 13/22 (59%), p = 0,012). In 98% of cases, FGLLB provided the information necessary for the correct diagnosis. Fluorescence with ICG offers a simple and safe method for detecting pathological lymph nodes. FGLLB in suspected intra-abdominal lymphoma can largely benefit from this new opportunity which, to date, has not yet been tested. Further studies with a larger case series are needed to confirm its efficacy.

Graphical abstract
Usefulness of alien sterilizing cytoplasms for the hybrid breeding of triticale (xTriticosecale Wittmack): preliminary results
Authors: Simlat Magdalena , Warzecha Tomasz , Stojałowski Stefan , Góral Halina 
Published: June 2024

AbstractTo be useful for cereal breeding, cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) should express the complete sterility of maternal lines and the full restoration of the male fertility of F1 hybrids. The most reliable source of sterilizing cytoplasm for triticale is Triticum timopheevi; however, due to the low frequency of efficient non-restorer genotypes for this cytoplasm, new sources of CMS are needed. In this study, aside from T. timopheevi (T) cytoplasm, three alternative CMS sources were tested: Pampa (P) from Secale cereale L., Aegilops sharonensis (A), and Ae. ventricosa (V). The suitability of these cytoplasms for breeding was assessed based on the male fertility/sterility of F1 hybrids obtained through the manual pollination of CMS maternal lines with 36 triticale cultivars and breeding strains. About half of the hybrids with each type of cytoplasm were fully fertile and produced more than 30 grains per bagged spike. The highest percentage was found in hybrids with P cytoplasm (58.33%) and the lowest in hybrids with A cytoplasm (44.44%). Male sterility was observed in hybrids with P cytoplasm (16.67%) and A cytoplasm (16.67%) but not in hybrids with T or V cytoplasm. In terms of practical aspects, male sterility systems with P or A cytoplasm exhibit similarity in their ability to restore male fertility that differ from the T and V cytoplasms. Although all studied cytoplasms exhibited some disadvantages for breeding purposes, none should be definitively classified as unacceptable for future breeding programs regarding the development of triticale hybrid cultivars.