bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Wellbore Integrity Management: Dealing With Uncertainties
Authors: Savari Sharath , Kumar Arunesh 
Published: March 2012

Abstract
Amongst all issues plaguing drilling operations, wellbore instability and failure is still a leading contributor to drilling non-productive time (NPT). Failure can result from misunderstanding the wellbore conditions, improper drilling practices, unavailability of geomechanical properties or improper interpretation of those values. For maximum long-term production, it is desirable to avoid uncertainties associated with wellbore integrity during drilling. Wellbore integrity deals with identifying the optimal drilling fluid properties and formulations to avoid unwanted surprises while drilling. It is well-documented that near-wellbore stresses can be altered by adopting different approaches to maintain or increase wellbore integrity while staying within the drilling window (pore pressure and fracture gradient).
The results from testing methods for curing wellbore instability using drilling fluids containing products like gilsonite/asphaltene were input into a numerical simulator to understand their stabilizing effect on wellbore. Increase in the near-wellbore stresses was observed for certain drilling fluids; however, a destabilizing effect was observed for a few fluids. The wellbore strengthening technique includes inducing fractures in problematic zones like depleted formations and inter-bedded sand layers. The fractures are then propped open with lost circulation materials (LCM) to sustain the increase in the near-wellbore effective tangential stresses. Different combinations of LCM were tested to indentify the optimal combination. Enhanced performance was observed after the addition of high aspect ratio material in LCM pill.
This paper presents comprehensive information on the different mechanisms employed to improve wellbore integrity. Application of different laboratory methods and materials in combination with numerical simulator analysis are provided to demonstrate different approaches for wellbore integrity management in various scenarios.
A Mechanistic Model to Characterize the Two Phase Drilling Fluid Flow through Inclined Eccentric Annular Geometry
Authors: Osgouei R. E. , Ozbayoglu M. E. , Ozbayoglu A. M. 
Published: March 2012

Abstract
The increased application of multiphase flow in different industrial fields encouraged researchers to model the behaviors of multiphase flow in various ducts. Gasified (aerated) fluids, having 2-phases, are commonly used in drilling operations, especially for achieving underbalanced conditions. Although flow of two-phase fluids is studied in detail for pipes, not much is known for annular geometries.
In this study, extensive experiments have been conducted at Middle East Technical University (METU) Multiphase Flow Loop using air-water mixtures with various in-situ flow velocities of 0-120 ft/s and 0-10 ft/s respectively for wellbore inclinations of 75°, 60°, 45° and 12.5°without inner pipe rotation.
From the comparisons among data for total pressure losses, it is observed that in highly-inclined sections, by increasing the gas velocity in wellbore, the total pressure losses increase. For mid-range inclinations and nearly vertical sections, by increasing gas velocity, the total pressure losses decrease significantly, because the major part of total pressure gradient is the gravitational component. Based on experimental observations, a mechanistic model has been developed for determining the total pressure losses and volumetric distribution of each phase within the wellbore for a particular drilling condition.
It has been concluded that the proposed model is reasonably accurate for estimating the frictional pressure losses when compared with the measured values. In this paper, the experimental observations and the performance of the new mechanistic model have been presented and discussed in detail.
Streamline Simulation for Geological Model Validation and Waterflood Pattern Management in the FM-1 Layer of the Mangala Field, Barmer Basin, Rajasthan, India
Authors: Bhushan Yatindra , Singh Amit Pal , Kumar M Suresh , Shankar Pranay , Jha Manish Kumar 
Published: March 2012

Abstract
The Mangala Field is located in the northern Barmer Basin of Rajasthan state, India. The basin is a Tertiary rift, predominantly consisting of Palaeocene-Eocene sediments. The Mangala Field was discovered in January 2004 and brought on production with hot water flooding in August 2009. The main reservoir units in the Mangala Field are the fluvial sandstones of the Fatehgarh Formation. The Fatehgarh Formation in the Mangala Field is subdivided into 5 reservoir layers termed FM1 (top) to FM5 (base). The lower part of the Fatehgarh Formation (FM3 to FM5) are dominated by well-connected sheet flood and braided channel sands, whilst the Upper Fatehgarh Formation (FM1 and FM2) is dominated by more sinuous, laterally migrating fluvial channel sands. The FM-1 unit hosts approximately half of the oil in place.
A detailed fine layer geological model was built for the Mangala Field incorporating all relevant data from the field generated over the last couple of years. A set of 100 realizations of the geological model were generated. All of the realizations for FM-1 layer were simulated in a commercial streamline simulator using the available historical production data for FM-1 wells.
The paper discusses the results from these multiple realization runs and the inputs given to the geological model which was used to improve the model further. These runs helped in identifying the areas where sand connectivity was low due to presence of some baffles or channel boundaries and needed improvement, to match fluid flow in the reservoir. After incorporating the PLT data into the dynamic model, the well wise water cut resembled the actual w/c and improved the confidence level on the geological model.
The paper also discusses well allocation factor estimates for each producer and injector pair from the streamline simulation model for different injection patterns in FM-1. The well allocation factors helped in understanding the level of support each producer is getting from the nearby injectors
Assessment of Patient-Led or Physician-Driven Continuous Glucose Monitoring in Patients With Poorly Controlled Type 1 Diabetes Using Basal-Bolus Insulin Regimens
Authors: Riveline Jean-Pierre , Schaepelynck Pauline , Chaillous Lucy , Renard Eric , Sola-Gazagnes Agnès , Penfornis Alfred , Tubiana-Rufi Nadia , Sulmont Véronique , Catargi Bogdan , Lukas Céline , Radermecker Régis P. , Thivolet Charles , Moreau François , Benhamou Pierre-Yves , Guerci Bruno , Leguerrier Anne-Marie , Millot Luc , Sachon Claude , Charpentier Guillaume , Hanaire Hélène ,   for the EVADIAC Sensor Study Group
Published: March 2012

OBJECTIVE
The benefits of real-time continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) have been demonstrated in patients with type 1 diabetes. Our aim was to compare the effect of two modes of use of CGM, patient led or physician driven, for 1 year in subjects with poorly controlled type 1 diabetes.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
Patients with type 1 diabetes aged 8–60 years with HbA1c ≥8% were randomly assigned to three groups (1:1:1). Outcomes for glucose control were assessed at 1 year for two modes of CGM (group 1: patient led; group 2: physician driven) versus conventional self-monitoring of blood glucose (group 3: control).

RESULTS
A total of 257 subjects with type 1 diabetes underwent screening. Of these, 197 were randomized, with 178 patients completing the study (age: 36 ± 14 years; HbA1c: 8.9 ± 0.9%). HbA1c improved similarly in both CGM groups and was reduced compared with the control group (group 1 vs. group 3: −0.52%, P = 0.0006; group 2 vs. group 3: −0.47%, P = 0.0008; groups 1 + 2 vs. group 3: −0.50%, P &lt; 0.0001). The incidence of hypoglycemia was similar in the three groups. Patient SF-36 questionnaire physical health score improved in both experimental CGM groups (P = 0.004). Sensor consumption was 34% lower in group 2 than in group 1 (median [Q1–Q3] consumption: group 1: 3.42/month [2.20–3.91] vs. group 2: 2.25/month [1.27–2.99], P = 0.001).

CONCLUSIONS
Both patient-led and physician-driven CGM provide similar long-term improvement in glucose control in patients with poorly controlled type 1 diabetes, but the physician-driven CGM mode used fewer sensors.
The Dragonfly (Insecta: Odonata) Collection of Iaşi Museum of Natural History (Romania)
Authors: Manci Cosmin-Ovidiu 
Published: March 2012

The Dragonfly (Insecta: Odonata) Collection of Iaşi Museum of Natural History (Romania)
The dragonfly specimens deposited in the Iaşi Museum of Natural History were inventoried and analyzed, resulting a total of 3162 adult specimens from 45 species. The majority of these specimens were collected by Constantin Visarion Mândru in 51 localities of Romania. The material includes important new distribution records of three Natura 2000 species (Coenagrion ornatum, Cordulegaster heros and Gomphus flavipes). Coenagrion scitulum, Somatochlora meridionalis and Sympetrum danae are species rarely reported from Romania.
Catalogue of Cerambycidae, Megalopodidae and Chrysomelidae (Coleoptera: Chrysomeloidea) Recently Entered in the Patrimony of "Grigore Antipa" National Museum of Natural History (Bucharest). "Igor Ceianu" Collection
Authors: Serafim Rodica , Maican Sanda 
Published: March 2012

Catalogue of Cerambycidae, Megalopodidae and Chrysomelidae (Coleoptera: Chrysomeloidea) Recently Entered in the Patrimony of "Grigore Antipa" National Museum of Natural History (Bucharest). "Igor Ceianu" Collection
The paper presents data on 268 species belonging to the Cerambycidae, Megalopodidae and Chrysomelidae families, preserved in the "Igor Ceianu" Collection, recently entered in the patrimony of "Grigore Antipa" National Museum of Natural History (Bucharest). Some Carpathians endemic species are highlighted: Pseudogaurotina excellens Brancsik, 1874, Cryptocephalus carpathicus Weise, 1875, Sclerophaedon carpathicus Weise, 1875, Neocrepidodera transsilvanica Fuss, 1864 and Chrysolina weisei Frivaldszky, 1883. Among the rare species preserved in the "Igor Ceianu" collection, we mention: Nivellia sanguinosa Gyllenhal, 1827, Semanotus russicus russicus Fabricius, 1776, Pronocera angusta Kriechbaum, 1844, Callimoxys gracilis Brullé, 1832, Callimus angulatus angulatus Schrank, 1789, Cornumutila lineata Letzer, 1844, Pedostrangalia revestita Linnaeus, 1767, Pedostrangalia verticalis Germar, 1822, Etorofus pubescens Fabricius, 1787, Cryptocephalus bohemius Drapiez, 1819 and Cheilotoma musciformis Goeze, 1777. In terms of conservation, the following species of community interest are noted: Rosalia alpina Linnaeus, 1758, Morimus asper funereus Mulsant, 1863 and Pseudogaurotina excellens Brancsik, 1874.
Producing inter-specific hybrids between Brassica juncea (L.) Czern & Coss and B. oleracea (L.) to synthesize trigenomic (abc) Brassica
Authors: Weerakoon S. R. 
Published: March 2012

Polyploidy is recognized as a major mechanism in plant evolution. Polyploid crops often have wider adaptation, better quality and higher yielding capacity than their diploid counterparts. Although many successful natural and man-made hexaploid crops are existing, hexaploid Brassica are still not available. So far, relatively a limited work has been conducted to synthesize hexaploid Brassica with A, B and C genomes, which will provide a very good potential to create new crops for domestication. An investigation was conducted to evaluate the possibility of synthesizing trigenomic (AABBCC) hexaploid Brassica by crossing Brassica juncea (L.) Czern & Coss and B. oleracea (L.). Five genotypes of B. juncea (AC 0747, 0790, 1099, 2180 and 7700) and five genotypes of B. oleracea (Chinese Broccoli, Broccoli-var. Shogun, Cauliflower-var. Snowball and var., Phenomenon Early and Cabbage-var. Sweet Eureka) were selected for the study. Hand pollination was done by emasculating buds of one species and pollination using another species in both directions. Success of pod formation of the crosses of B. juncea (♀) x B. oleracea (♂) was 25%. Totally 893 putative hybrid seeds were harvested. Although 9% pod formation was observed in reciprocal crosses, no seeds were developed. Evaluation of 80 putative hybrids by molecular markers and agro-morphological characterization confirmed four true hybrids resulting crosses between AC 0747 x Chinese Broccoli, AC 0790 x Chinese Broccoli and AC 2180 x Broccoli-var. Shogun. The present investigation confirms that hybridization of tetraploid B. juncea (4x, AABB) with diploid B. oleracea (2x, CC) is a potential approach to produce hexaploid Brassica (6x, AABBCC) genotypes.Keywords: Hexaploid Brassica; inter-specific hybridization; polyploidy; SSR markersDOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4038/josuk.v6i0.4218J Sci.Univ.Kelaniya 6 (2011) : 13-34
Influence of Ethnicity on Health-Related Quality of Life of Hemodialysis Patients in Singapore
Authors: Wang Vivian , Seow Ying-ying , Leng Chow Wai 
Published: March 2012

Objectives The association between health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and ethnicity has been studied among hemodialysis (HD) patients in several countries with varying results. However, the effect of ethnicity on the HRQoL of HD patients in the Asian context has yet to be evaluated. This study seeks to examine the HRQoL of HD patients in Singapore and to understand the influence of ethnicity on their HRQoL. Methods A census-style survey inclusive of the KDQoL-SF. The AMA was conducted among all HD patients from 22 dialysis centers across Singapore. Multiple linear regression models were used to analyze the influence of ethnicity on each SF-36 scale while adjusting for the influence of socioeconomic status (SES) factors and other determinants of HRQoL. Results Data from 1,249 HD patients were analyzed. Response rate was 63.3%. Compared with other ethnicities, Chinese were most likely to report lower HRQoL. After adjusting for sex, age, and other possible determinants of HRQoL, the influence of ethnicity on HRQoL persisted, with significant mean differences in role-physical, general health, role-emotional, and physical component summary scales. Conclusions After adjusting for demographic, SES, and other factors, ethnicity remained an important factor influencing HRQoL of Singaporean HD patients. Further studies are needed to identify modifiable factors that might explain the interethnic differences in HRQoL among HD patients.
Comparative Role of PET and Kt/V Determination in Pediatric Chronic Peritoneal Dialysis
Authors: Watanabe Andreia , Lanzarini Vivian V. , Filho Ulisses D. , Koch Vera H. 
Published: March 2012

Introduction Nutritional state and growth are considered as prognostic markers of chronic peritoneal dialysis (PD) adequacy in pediatric patients. The euvolemia, blood pressure control, and metabolic and electrolytic equilibrium are parameters to be achieved by PD treatment. Objective To describe the chronic PD prescription parameters of a cohort of pediatric patients and to compare the obtained hemodynamic, antrophometric and adequacy results with those suggested by the literature. Methods Retrospective analysis based on clinical records evaluation of 30 pediatric patients undergoing PD for more than 6 months from January 1998 to May 2005. Results In the present study, 17/30 (56.7%) were boys. Chronic kidney disease was secondary to uropathy in 66.7% of the cases. The infusion volume was > 1,000 ml/m2 in 9 patients. The peritoneal membrane was characterized as high (27.8%), high-average (33.3%), low-average (22.2%) and low transporter (16.7%). The weekly urea Kt/V was > 2.1 in all the evaluated patients. Blood pressure parameters above the 95th percentile despite the use of antihypertensive medication were observed in 5/30 patients, four of whom with CKD secondary to glomerulopathy. The initial and final Body Mass Index and weight for height ratio were preserved in 83.3% (25/30) patients. Conclusion Elevated indexes of small solutes removal are easily attained in pediatric PD patients and do not imply optimal clinical management do not imply optimal climanagement.
Stem Cell Banking: Ethical and Policy Issues
Authors: King Nancy 
Published: March 2012

AbstractMuch stem cell research and many stem cell-based interventions depend on the availability of numerous viable cell lines. Multipotent and pluripotent stem cell lines may be created from embryonic stem cells, but also from stem cells found in amniotic fluid, umbilical cord blood, and other non-embryonic sources. Stem cell banks could collect, store and share enough cell lines to make good HLA matches with the vast majority of the inhabitants of a country or region, and thus might be easier and less expensive to use widely than individually matched induced pluripotent stem cell lines.The collection, storage and sharing of stem cells in and through biobanks raises a well-known set of interesting ethical and policy issues for stakeholders: the individuals who provide their stem cells for banking, the biobanks that collect and store them, the investigators who use them for many types of research, and the patient-subjects who receive them in research studies or innovative interventions.This presentation explores these ethical and policy issues, which include: informed consent, confidentiality and recontact, ownership and benefit-sharing, scope and control of future uses, innovation and the therapeutic misconception, and considerations of justice.
Mechanisms of Mesoderm Differentiation in Pluripotent Mammalian Stem Cells
Authors: Pedersen Roger 
Published: March 2012

AbstractOur research focuses on understanding how pluripotent mammalian stem cells maintain their undifferentiated state and undergo differentiation in culture – this reflecting my enduring interest in the emergence of diversity during mouse gastrulation.In recent studies we have examined the role of transforming growth factor family members in both pluripotency and differentiation. This involved analysis of the signalling cascade induced by treating hESCs with Activin or Nodal, determining how their response to these growth factors maintains hESC pluripotency. We started by developing chemically defined culture conditions in which the activities of specific growth factors could be identified and studied in a controlled manner. We then carried out a detailed analysis of the roles of Smad proteins (Smad2 and Smad3) as direct regulators of Nanog, which in turn blocks an hESC default differentiation into neuroectoderm. These studies led to our discovery of a novel type of pluripotent epiblast stem cell (EpiSC) from the late epiblast layer of mouse and rat embryos. EpiSCs share many features with hESCs, and subsequent work supports our hypothesis that hESCs are the human counterparts of EpiSCs, with similar responses to growth factors and mechanisms of pluripotency and differentiation. In our most recent work we have focused on the role of bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-4 in the cell fate decision between endoderm and mesoderm, demonstrating the similarity of BMP-induced hESC and EpiSC differentiation to mesoderm induction during mouse gastrulation. This work reveals the importance of BRACHYURY and CDX2 genes as key mediators of embryonic and extraembryonic lineage differentiation in hESCs and EpiSCs. Our focus on mesoderm leads us on to molecular pathways for early human cardiomyocyte differentiation, with a goal of understanding the transcriptional networks responsible for cardiomyocyte identity and using this to generate more homogeneous cardiomyocyte populations for therapeutic applications and drug discovery. Taken together, these studies should significantly accelerate the progression from basic stem cell research to clinical applications.
Straightforward Synthesis of Allylated Keto Esters: The Palladium‐Catalysed Haloketone Alkoxycarbonylation/ Allylation Domino Reaction
Authors: Wahl Benoit , Giboulot Steven , Mortreux André , Castanet Yves , Sauthier Mathieu , Liron Frédéric , Poli Giovanni 
Published: March 2012

AbstractThe palladium‐catalysed α‐chloro ketone methoxycarbonylation and allylic alkylation reactions can be efficiently combined to provide a new catalytic domino reaction. The first, carbonylative, step generates the β‐keto ester, which acts as the nucleophile in a subsequent allylation step. The use of allyl phenates in combination with Xantphos ligand are the key features allowing one to obtain the allylated β‐keto esters in good yields
The Effect of Attitudinal and Sociodemographic Factors on the Likelihood of Buying Locally Produced Food
Authors: Cranfield John , Henson Spencer , Blandon Jose 
Published: March 2012

ABSTRACTThis study explores the factors associated with Canadian consumers locally produced food purchase intention. Data from an Internet‐based survey of consumers (n = 1,139) was analyzed using a bivariate probit model. The bivariate probit model related attitudinal, behavioral and sociodemographic factors to the intention to purchase fresh and nonfresh locally produced foods. Although sociodemographic characteristics play a limited role in shaping local food purchase intentions, attitudinally based variables have far greater influence. Positive views towards local farmers and agriculture in general, as well as food quality, are positively related to purchase intention. The importance placed on brand‐specific quality is inversely related to the intention to buy local food. Consumers with heightened levels of food involvement, either growing food or preparing most meals from scratch, are more likely to purchase local foods. (EconLit Citations: L660; Q130; Q180)
Immigrant workers and worker's compensation: The need for reform
Authors: Rebecca Smith J.D. 
Published: March 2012

AbstractForeign‐born workers in the United States suffer high rates of workplace injuries and accidents. Both for workers who are unauthorized to work in the United States and for those who are present legally under guest worker programs, access to workers' compensation benefits presents nearly insurmountable barriers. Some of these are longstanding, such as employer retaliation and aggressive litigation of claims. Some are more recent and related to the increasingly transnational character of the workforce and to barriers put in place by administrators.This is a legal overview of the cases, statutes, and policies that act as barriers to access for immigrant workers, conducted by reviewing case law and basic compensation statutes in all fifty states. Where these are known, policies that keep workers locked out of workers' compensation are also discussed. It concludes that reform of the system is needed in order to ensure its standing as an insurance program with universal application. As part of that reform, further state by state research and advocacy would discover specific administrative practices in each state that keep immigrant workers from receiving the benefits to which they are entitled. Am. J. Ind. Med. 55:537–544, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.