bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Systems biology: Leading the revolution in ecotoxicology
Authors: Garcia-Reyero Natàlia , Perkins Edward J 
Published: November 2010

Abstract
The rapid development of new technologies such as transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics (Omics) are changing the way ecotoxicology is practiced. The data deluge has begun with genomes of over 65 different aquatic species that are currently being sequenced, and many times that number with at least some level of transcriptome sequencing. Integrating these top-down methodologies is an essential task in the field of systems biology. Systems biology is a biology-based interdisciplinary field that focuses on complex interactions in biological systems, with the intent to model and discover emergent properties of the system. Recent studies demonstrate that Omics technologies provide valuable insight into ecotoxicity, both in laboratory exposures with model organisms and with animals exposed in the field. However, these approaches require a context of the whole animal and population to be relevant. Powerful approaches using reverse engineering to determine interacting networks of genes, proteins, or biochemical reactions are uncovering unique responses to toxicants. Modeling efforts in aquatic animals are evolving to interrelate the interacting networks of a system and the flow of information linking these elements. Just as is happening in medicine, systems biology approaches that allow the integration of many different scales of interaction and information are already driving a revolution in understanding the impacts of pollutants on aquatic systems. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2011;30:265–273. © 2010 SETAC
Review of recent proteomic applications in aquatic toxicology
Authors: Sanchez Brian C , Ralston-Hooper Kimberly , Sepúlveda María S 
Published: November 2010

Abstract
Over the last decade, the environmental sciences have witnessed an incredible movement towards the utilization of high-throughput molecular tools that are capable of detecting simultaneous changes of hundreds, and even thousands, of molecules and molecular components after exposure of organisms to different environmental stressors. These techniques have received a great deal of attention because they not only offer the potential to unravel novel mechanisms of physiological and toxic action but are also amenable to the discovery of biomarkers of exposure and effects. In this article, we review the state of knowledge of one of these tools in ecotoxicological research: proteomics. We summarize the state of proteomics research in fish, and follow with studies conducted with aquatic invertebrates. A brief discussion on proteomic methods is also presented. We conclude with some ideas for future proteomic studies with fish and aquatic invertebrates. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2011;30:274–282. © 2010 SETAC
Measuring the toxicity of alkyl-phenanthrenes to early life stages of medaka (Oryzias latipes)using partition-controlled delivery
Authors: Turcotte Dominique , Akhtar Parveen , Bowerman Michelle , Kiparissis Yiannis , Brown R. Stephen , Hodson Peter V 
Published: November 2010

AbstractAlkyl-phenanthrenes are a class of compounds present in crude oil and toxic to developing fish. Most research on alkyl-phenanthrenes has focused on retene (7-isopropyl-1-methyl-phenanthrene), but little is known about the chronic toxicity of related congeners to the early life stages of fish. This project is the first to describe the chronic toxicity of a series of alkyl-phenanthrenes to the embryos of Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes) using the partition-controlled delivery (PCD) method of exposure and is the first to establish a relationship between toxicity of alkyl-phenanthrenes and log P. With PCD, test concentrations were maintained by equilibrium partitioning of test chemicals from polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) films containing various concentrations of C1 to C4 phenanthrenes. Log film:solution partition constants (log Kfs) and aqueous solubility limits were determined for each alkyl-phenanthrene. The prevalence of abnormalities in fish embryos increased in an exposure-dependent manner, with median effective concentration (EC50) values lower than experimental solubility limits of the compounds, and typical of environmental concentrations. Alkyl-phenanthrenes were more toxic to medaka embryos than unsubstituted phenanthrene, with effects resembling those of dioxin and indicating a specific receptor-based mechanism of toxicity. These results extend conclusions for the Exxon Valdez oil spill, suggest a specific mechanism of toxicity for alkyl-phenanthrenes, and provide a model for assessing the risks of mixture toxicity. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2011;30:487–495. © 2010 SETAC
The effects of a nursing guideline on depression in psychogeriatric nursing home residents with dementia
Authors: Verkaik Renate , Francke Anneke L. , van Meijel Berno , Spreeuwenberg Peter M.M. , Ribbe Miel W. , Bensing Jozien M. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractObjectiveTo study the effects of introducing a nursing guideline on depression in residents with dementia of psychogeriatric nursing home wards.MethodsA multi‐center controlled clinical trial with randomization at ward level was used to study the effects of the guideline introduction. Nursing teams were trained in applying the guideline to their own residents diagnosed with depression in dementia. Key elements of the nursing guideline are increasing individualized pleasant activities and decreasing unpleasant events. Participating residents were 97 residents diagnosed with dementia and comorbid depression, from 18 psychogeriatric nursing home wards, in 9 Dutch nursing homes. Measurements took place at pre‐test, post‐test and follow‐up. Primary outcome was severity of depression measured with the MDS/RAI‐Depression Rating Scale (DRS) and the Cornell Scale for Depression in Dementia. Secondary outcome is mood as measured by the FACE‐observation scale.ResultsCompliance with the nursing guideline was moderate. Despite this, residents on the experimental wards showed a significant reduction in depression on the DRS. With the Cornell scale a reduction of depression was found as well, although not significantly different from that in the control group. No effects on observed mood were found.ConclusionThis study shows significant reductions in depression severity by introducing a nursing guideline on psychogeriatric nursing home wards. Better compliance with the guideline could probably enlarge the effects. Some ways to achieve enhanced compliance are: (1) additionally train non‐certified nurse assistants, and (2) emphasize necessary conditions for successful introduction of the guideline to nursing team managers. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Contribution of the primary motor cortex to motor imagery: A subthreshold TMS study
Authors: Pelgrims Barbara , Michaux Nicolas , Olivier Etienne , Andres Michael 
Published: November 2010

AbstractMotor imagery (MI) mostly activates the same brain regions as movement execution (ME) including the primary motor cortex (Brodmann area 4, BA4). However, whether BA4 is functionally relevant for MI remains controversial. The finding that MI tasks are impaired by BA4 virtual lesions induced by transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) supports this view, though previous studies do not permit to exclude that BA4 is also involved in other processes such as hand recognition. Additionally, previous works largely underestimated the possible negative consequences of TMS‐induced muscle twitches on MI task performance. Here we investigated the role of BA4 in MI by interfering with the function of the left or right BA4 in healthy subjects performing a MI task in which they had to make laterality judgements on rotated hand drawings. We used a subthreshold repetitive TMS protocol and monitored electromyographic activity to exclude undesirable effects of hand muscle twitches. We found that BA4 virtual lesions selectively increased reaction times in laterality judgments on hand drawings, leaving unaffected a task of equal difficulty, involving judgments on letters. Interestingly, the effects of virtual lesions of left and right BA4 on MI task performance were the same irrespective of the laterality (left/right) of hand drawings. A second experiment allowed us to rule out the possibility that BA4 lesions affect visual or semantic processing of hand drawings. Altogether, these results indicate that BA4 contribution to MI tasks is specifically related to the mental simulation process and further emphasize the functional coupling between ME and MI. Hum Brain Mapp , 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Modulation of steady state functional connectivity in the default mode and working memory networks by cognitive load
Authors: Newton Allen T. , Morgan Victoria L. , Rogers Baxter P. , Gore John C. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractInterregional correlations between blood oxygen level dependent (BOLD) magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) signals in the resting state have been interpreted as measures of connectivity across the brain. Here we investigate whether such connectivity in the working memory and default mode networks is modulated by changes in cognitive load. Functional connectivity was measured in a steady‐state verbal identity N‐back task for three different conditions (N = 1, 2, and 3) as well as in the resting state. We found that as cognitive load increases, the functional connectivity within both the working memory the default mode network increases. To test whether functional connectivity between the working memory and the default mode networks changed, we constructed maps of functional connectivity to the working memory network as a whole and found that increasingly negative correlations emerged in a dorsal region of the posterior cingulate cortex. These results provide further evidence that low frequency fluctuations in BOLD signals reflect variations in neural activity and suggests interaction between the default mode network and other cognitive networks. Hum Brain Mapp, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Caspase expression in oral squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Coutinho‐Camillo Cláudia Malheiros , Lourenço Silvia Vanessa , Nishimoto Ines Nobuko , Kowalski Luiz Paulo , Soares Fernando Augusto 
Published: November 2010

AbstractBackgroundApoptosis is a genetically programmed form of cell death, of which caspases are the central components.MethodsBy tissue microarray of 229 cases of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), we analyzed the immunoexpression of caspases 3, 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10.ResultsAll proteins that we examined were expressed in primary OSCC samples. Caspases 8 and 9 were prominently expressed, and caspases 3, 6, 7, and 10 were occasionally expressed. Disease‐free survival differed significantly between caspase 7 high‐expressing and low‐expressing patients, and our multivariate analysis suggested that expression of caspase 7 is an independent prognostic factor for patients with OSCC.ConclusionThis study suggests that caspases regulate the tumorigenesis of OSCC and that caspase 7 expression is a predictor of locoregional recurrence of OSCC. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2011
Wavelength swept amplified spontaneous emission source for high speed retinal optical coherence tomography at 1060 nm
Authors: Eigenwillig Christoph M. , Klein Thomas , Wieser Wolfgang , Biedermann Benjamin R. , Huber Robert 
Published: November 2010

AbstractThe wavelength swept amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) source presented in this paper is an alternative approach to realize a light source for high speed swept source optical coherence tomography (OCT). ASE alternately passes a cascade of different optical gain elements and tunable optical bandpass filters. In this work we show for the first time a wavelength swept ASE source in the 1060 nm wavelength range, enabling high speed retinal OCT imaging. We demonstrate ultra‐rapid retinal OCT at a line rate of 170 kHz, a record sweep rate at 1060 nm of 340 kHz with 70 nm full sweep width, enabling an axial resolution of 11 μm. Two different implementations of the source are characterized and compared to each other. The last gain element is either a semiconductor optical amplifier or an Ytterbium‐doped fibre amplifier enabling high average output power of >40 mW. Various biophotonic imaging examples provide a wide range of quality benchmarks achievable with such sources. (© 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Inhibitory effect of ganglioside on mastoparan‐induced cytotoxicity and degranulation in lipid raft of connective tissue type mast cell
Authors: Nishikawa Hirofumi , Kitani Seiichi 
Published: November 2010

AbstractAntihistamine, the most important drug for Hymenoptera stinging, cannot attenuate cytotoxicity and mast cell direct activation by mastoparan that is the most abundant polypeptides in the venoms of social wasps. The aim of this study was to investigate whether gangliosides inhibit the effect of mastoparan on mast cells activation. The degranulation and cytotoxicity in canine cutaneous mastocytoma cells (CM‐MC) were done by measurement of β‐hexosaminidase release and MTT assay. Lipid raft was isolated with discontinuous sucrose gradient centrifuge for the analysis of distribution of Gαq and Gαi protein by western blotting. We found that mastoparan induced the degranulation in (CM‐MC) via direct activation of Gαi and Gαq with a decrease in their amount in lipid raft. Ganglioside GD1a(disialoganglioside) and GM1 (monosialoganglioside) strongly reduced the degranulation and cytotoxicity through stabilizing the structure of lipid raft domain. In addition, mastoparan generated intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) independently from cytotoxicity, through arachidonic cascade but not G‐protein activations. Crude wasp venom showed cytotoxicity and induction of the release from CM‐MC, which were potently reduced by gangliosides. We show here that mastoparan activates both Gαi and Gαq protein and that the exogenous ganglioside GD1a and GM1 inhibit the degranulation and cytotoxicity through stabilizing lipid raft. Gangliosides have potentials to be therapeutic tool or clinical prophylaxis for wasp stinging. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 25:158–168, 2011; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/jbt.20372
Gene expression‐based in vivo and in vitro prediction of liver toxicity allows compound selection at an early stage of drug development
Authors: Roth Adrian , Boess Franziska , Landes Christian , Steiner Guido , Freichel Christian , Plancher Jean‐Marc , Raab Susanne , de Vera Mudry Cristina , Weiser Thomas , Suter Laura 
Published: November 2010

AbstractWe have analyzed gene expression and histopathology of rat liver treated with a histamine‐3 receptor inverse agonist under development for the treatment of obesity 24 h after a single acute administration. While histopathology did not identify a clear liver toxicity, analysis of gene changes strongly suggested the development of toxicity. This prediction was confirmed in a 2‐week repeat‐dose rat study where prominent liver pathology occurred, while gene changes that lead to the prediction persisted. A subset of these genes was analyzed in vitro in both rat and human hepatocytes to reveal the potential relevancy of the findings for the situation in humans. This comprehensive analysis of the development compound at the gene expression level allowed interpretation of findings of the follow‐up compound in a frontloaded 24‐h single‐dose acute study that was initiated before regular 2‐week repeat‐dose studies started. The high similarity of the follow‐up compound to the lead compound based on gene expression lead to the immediate termination of the development program for this compound series. Our data demonstrate the value of genomics‐based early toxicity prediction in short‐term in vivo studies for the characterization of compounds to allow prioritization and selection of suited candidates before compound‐, animal‐, and cost‐intensive longer term studies are undertaken. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 25:183–194, 2011; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/jbt.20375
Extracellular‐superoxide dismutase expression during monocytic differentiation of U937 cells
Authors: Kamiya Tetsuro , Makino Junya , Hara Hirokazu , Inagaki Naoki , Adachi Tetsuo 
Published: November 2010

AbstractLeukemic cell lines, such as U937, THP‐1, and HL60 cells, can differentiate into macrophages following exposure to various agents including 12‐O‐tetradecanoylphorbol‐13‐acetate (TPA) in vitro. It is well known that TPA enhances reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation through the activation of NADPH oxidase (NOX), and ROS act as mediators in TPA signaling. Extracellular‐superoxide dismutase (EC‐SOD) is a major anti‐oxidative enzyme that protects the cells from damaging effects of superoxide. Recently, the reduction of Cu/Zn‐SOD and the induction of Mn‐SOD by TPA in leukemic cells have been reported; however, the regulation of EC‐SOD by TPA remains poorly understood. Here, we explored the regulation of EC‐SOD during the monocytic differentiation of U937 cells by TPA. We observed the reduction of EC‐SOD and Cu/Zn‐SOD, whereas the induction of Mn‐SOD during the differentiation of U937 cells. The reduction of EC‐SOD and Cu/Zn‐SOD was attenuated by pretreatments with GF109203X (an inhibitor of protein kinase C, PKC), diphenyleneiodonium (an inhibitor of NOX), and U0126 (an inhibitor of mitogen‐activated protein kinase kinase, MEK/extracellular‐signal regulated kinase, ERK). Interestingly, pretreatment with BAY11‐7082 (an inhibitor of nuclear factor‐κB, NF‐κB) suppressed the reduction of Cu/Zn‐SOD, but not of EC‐SOD. Furthermore, we also determined the involvement of newly synthesized protein and the instability of mRNA in the reduction of EC‐SOD. Overall, our results suggest that the expression of EC‐SOD is decreased by TPA through intracellular signaling consisting of PKC, NOX‐derived ROS and MEK/ERK, but not of NF‐κB signaling. J. Cell. Biochem. 112: 244–255, 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Cystic lymphangioma of the pancreas with congenital intrahepatic duct dilatation and choledochal cyst
Authors: Wang Yao , Tang Shao‐Shan , Ma Ying 
Published: November 2010

AbstractCystic lymphangioma of the pancreas is an extremely rare benign tumor of lymphatic origin. We report on a 68‐year‐old woman who had experienced epigastric abdominal distension and nausea for over 1 year. Sonography revealed a cystic‐solid mixed mass in the head of pancreas, with intrahepatic and extrahepatic duct dilatation. A diagnosis of cystic lymphangioma with congenital intrahepatic duct dilatation and choledochal cyst was made after excision and pathologic examination. Preoperative diagnosis of cystic lymphangioma of the pancreas is difficult, and carefulsonographic evaluation is required. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound, 2010; Published online in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com). DOI: 10.1002/jcu.20763
Prenatal diagnosis of thoracic kidney in the 2nd trimester with delayed manifestation of associated diaphragmatic hernia
Authors: Athanasiadis Apostolos P. , Zafrakas Menelaos , Arnaoutoglou Christos , Karavida Aikaterini , Papasozomenou Panayiota , Tarlatzis Basil C. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractEctopic kidney is a rare congenital malformation, caused by renal malpositioning during embryogenesis. We report a rare case of ectopic kidney located in the left hemithorax of a male fetus. The unique features in this case were early sonographic prenatal diagnosis of thoracic kidney at 22 weeks' gestation, which was confirmed by fetal MRI, and delayed sonographic manifestation of the associated congenital diaphragmatic hernia at 27 weeks. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound, 2011
Statistical approach to determine the effect of combined environmental parameters on conidial development of Trichoderma atroviride (T‐15603.1)
Authors: Schubert M. , Mourad S. , Schwarze F. W. M. R. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractTrichoderma atroviride (T‐15603.1) is a promising fungal agent for biological control of wood decay fungi in urban tree wounds. The aim of this work was to determine the combined effects of water activity (aw, 0.998–0.892), temperature (10–30 °C) and pH (3–7) on the development of conidia on low‐nutrient agar (LNA). Lag phase prior to germination (h), germination rates (µm) and germ‐tube elongation were obtained at each set of conditions. The experimental data were used to fit a response surface model for predicting the germination rates of T‐15603.1 and to analyze the effect of the abiotic parameters tested. The polynomial response surface model was mathematically evaluated using graphical plots and several statistical indices (RMSE, %SEP, Af, Bf, pRE). Data analyses showed a highly significant effect on conidial development of aw and temperature (P < 0.001), whereas no significant effect of pH (P ≥ 0.05) was observed. The germination rate dropped and the lag prior to germination increased as the temperature and aw decreased, but T‐15603.1 appeared to be more sensitive to aw reduction than to temperature. The minimum aw level for germination was 0.910 at 15–25 °C, and maximum germination rates were obtained at aw = 0.998, 25–30 °C and pH 5. The response surface model was useful and widely accurate (R2 = 0.983) for predicting the germination rate of T‐15603.1 and complemented the experimental results. These findings contribute to better understanding how combined environmental factors affect the environmental parameter tolerance levels of T‐15603.1 and to the development of an adequate delivery system for optimized application of T‐15603. (© 2010 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Metabolic changes of Acidithiobacillus caldus under Cu2+ stress
Authors: Xia Lexian , Yin Chu , Cai Liyuan , Qiu Guanzhou , Qin Wenqing , Peng Bin , Liu Jianshe 
Published: November 2010

AbstractMetabolic changes were investigated by measuring the depletion of dissolved oxygen and the enzymatic activities of sulfur metabolism in Acidithiobacillus caldus (A. caldus) before and after copper stress. The results showed that high concentrations of Cu2+ have an indirect negative effect on the sulfite oxidase and the APS reductase involved in sulfur metabolism when A. caldus is cultured in medium with elemental sulfur as its growth energy. This leads to a decrease in the respiration rate and the growth rate. The changes of activity are negatively correlated with the intracellular Cu2+ concentration through an indirect interaction mechanism. A. caldus was able to induce an efflux of copper ions by forming an ATPase‐dependent pump, which transported copper ions by consuming ATP. The negative effect of Cu2+ on the bacterial metabolism could be minimized by the copper efflux when the bacteria were adapted in medium containing Cu2+ for a long time. However, this bacterial rejuvenation became weaker when grown in medium containing higher concentrations of copper ions. (© 2010 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)