bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tooth loss after active periodontal therapy. 1: patient‐related factors for risk, prognosis, and quality of outcome
Authors: Eickholz Peter , Kaltschmitt Jens , Berbig Janet , Reitmeir Peter , Pretzl Bernadette 
Published: August 2010

AbstractObjectives: Assessment of patient‐related factors contributing (1) to tooth loss and (2) to the quality of treatment outcome 10 years after initiation of anti‐infective therapy.Material and Methods: All patients who had received active periodontal treatment 10 years ago by the same examiner were recruited consecutively until a total of 100 patients were re‐examined. Re‐examination was performed by a second examiner and included clinical examination, test for interleukin‐1 (IL‐1) polymorphism, smoking history, review of patients' files (e.g. regularity of supportive periodontal therapy: SPT). Statistical analysis included Poisson and logistic regressions.Results: Fifty‐three patients attended SPT regularly, 59 were females, 38 were IL‐1 positive. Poisson regressions identified mean plaque index during SPT (p<0.0001), irregular attendance of SPT (p<0.0001), age (p<0.0001), initial diagnosis (p=0.0005), IL‐1 polymorphism (p=0.0007), smoking (p=0.0053), and sex (p=0.0487) as factors significantly contributing to tooth loss. Additionally, mean plaque index during SPT (p=0.011) and irregular SPT (p=0.002) were associated with a worse periodontal status 10 years after initiation of therapy.Conclusion: The following risk factors for tooth loss were identified: ineffective oral hygiene, irregular SPT, IL‐1 polymorphism, initial diagnosis, smoking, age and sex.
The impact of forest continuity and management on forest floor vegetation evaluated by species traits
Authors: Graae Bente Jessen , Sunde Pernille B. 
Published: August 2010

The distribution of the flora with different species attributes are investigated in two studies of forest ecosystems in Denmark, One study compared 17 forests with different degrees of management, the other study compared the flora of 25 old forests with that of 6 new forests. No effect of forest management could be detected in the distribution of species attributes in the flora, whereas the forest continuity was correlated with almost all of the 14 traits investigated. Species with heavy seeds, transient seedbanks, ant dispersed seeds, early and short flowering time, low stature and high extent of lateral spread were more common in old forests, while the proportion of species with small, short‐lived seeds, epizoochorous dispersal, little lateral spread and later and longer flowering period was higher in new forests. In particular, Raunkiaers therophyles, and ruderal species were more common in new forests than in old.Differences in the effects of the two types of disturbance ‐ forest management, and breaks in forest eontinuity ‐ are discussed in relation to survival strategies of the forest flora. The importanee of persistence ability in contrast to colonisation ability is stressed for many forest plants.
Short‐term and long‐term variation in seed bank/vegetation relations along an environmental and successional gradient
Authors: Grandin Ulf 
Published: August 2010

The seed bank along a successional and environmental gradient was analysed. Soil was collected in 3‐cm thick horizons from permanent plots along two transects across a land uplift seashore, spanning several centuries of succession from shoreline to mature forest. Vegetation in the plots was recorded when the soil was sampled and also 9 and 15 yr before that. Within‐ and between‐plot effects on seed bank./vegetation relationships were analysed using estimates of seed longevity. Sorensen's similarity index and mean Ellenberg indicator values.A seed bank longevity index was constructed by using the database by Thompson et al, (1997 The soil seed banks of north west Europe. Methodology, density and longevity, Cambridge Univ Press), for all species with more than one entry in the database. For species with one or no entry, an internal Index was constructed. The two indices were correlated and it was suggested that the internal index should be used where the Thompson database is insufficient.There were small differences between the upper three soil horizons in seed density, in similarity with the vegetation and in mean Ellenberg values. The highest seed densities and seed bank/vegetation similarities were found at the shoreline, after that the density and the similarity decreased with increasing successional age, with the mature forest having very low seed density and similarity values. Weighted mean Ellenberg indicator values for light, nitrogen, salt and moisture differed between vegetation and seed bank. For the seed bank, the mean Ellenberg values for light, moisture and nitrogen and weighted mean of seed bank longevity indices showed a trend along one of the transects.
Relationship between cancer and oral pemphigoid patients with antibodies to α6‐integrin
Authors: Malik Mohsin , Gürcan Hakan M. , Christen William , Razzaque Ahmed A. 
Published: August 2010

Background: Mucous membrane pemphigoid is an autoimmune mucocutaneous blistering disease. A subset, known as anti‐epiligrin cicatricial pemphigoid is associated with a high risk for malignancy. Oral pemphigoid (OP) is limited to the oral cavity. The purpose of this study was to determine the association between malignancy and patients with OP with antibodies toα6‐integrin subunit.Methods: We determined the incidence of cancer in 72 patients with OP and compared it to the expected incidence using age and sex‐specific rates of malignancy in the National Cancer Institute's Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (NCI SEER) Registry.Results: During a mean observation period of 9.1 years (range: 2.8–40), for 70, three OP patients developed malignancies. The expected number of cancers based on the NCI SEER Registry was 8.83. The relative risk for cancer in OP patients, with autoantibodies toα6‐integrin, was 0.34 (95% CI, 0.07–0.99,P < 0.05).Conclusion: It appears that patients with OP, with antibodies toα6, may have a possible reduced relative risk for developing cancer.
A quantitative co‐localization analysis of large unspliced tenascin‐CL and laminin‐5/γ2‐chain in basement membranes of oral squamous cell carcinoma by confocal laser scanning microscopy
Authors: Franz Marcus , Hansen Torsten , Borsi Laura , Geier Christiane , Hyckel Peter , Schleier Peter , Richter Petra , Altendorf‐Hofmann Annelore , Kosmehl Hartwig , Berndt Alexander 
Published: August 2010

Background:  A structural interaction of the oncofetal large tenascin‐C splice variants (Tn‐CL) and the γ2‐chain of laminin‐5 (Ln‐5/γ2) was recently demonstrated in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). In situ different patterns of co‐localization and co‐deposition of both proteins could be detected. Especially the co‐localization in re‐established basement membrane (BM) structures seemed to be biologically meaningful within the process of tumour progression.Methods:  The amount of Tn‐CL incorporated in reorganized OSCC BM structures at the tumour margins was investigated by a laser scanning microscopy‐based quantitative co‐localization analysis.Results:  In the BM of normal oral mucosa no Tn‐CL could be detected. In dysplastic and neoplastic oral mucosa a distinct co‐localization of Tn‐CL and Ln‐5/γ2 in the BM region could be observed. The extent of Tn‐CL arrangement into reorganized BM structures correlated with malignancy grade.Conclusions:  The results suggest at first, a modulation of carcinomatous BM structures by the inclusion of oncofetal matrix proteins during tumour progression and secondly, the BM incorporation of the adhesion‐modulating molecule Tn‐CL as a pre‐invasive structural phenomenon in OSCC.
Effects of cisplatin, α‐interferon, and 13‐cis retinoic acid on the expression of Fas (CD95), intercellular adhesion molecule‐1 (ICAM‐1), and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) in oral cancer cell lines
Authors: Sundelin Kaarina , Roberg Karin , Grénman Reidar , Håkansson Leif 
Published: August 2010

Background:  Previous studies showed that many chemotherapeutic agents can induce immuno‐suppression at therapeutic drug concentrations whereas low drug doses induce immuno‐augmentation.Methods:  The effect of low‐dose cisplatin, interferon‐alpha, and 13‐cis retinoic acid on receptors involved in immune‐mediated apoptosis (Fas/CD95), cell growth (epidermal growth factor receptor) and lymphocyte adhesion (intercellular adhesion molecule‐1) was investigated in two oral cancer cell lines (UT‐SCC‐20A and UT‐SCC‐24A). Different methods for cell preparation were studied: mechanical and enzymatic detachment, and culture on chamber slides. Receptor expression was investigated using immunohistochemical staining. The amount of soluble and cell‐bound Fas was determined with the ELISA technique, and the functional relevance of Fas expression, apoptosis induction, was analyzed.Results:  Cisplatin enhanced cytoplasm and membrane staining for Fas in both cell lines. After cisplatin treatment, the amount of soluble Fas was increased in UT‐SCC‐20A cultures, but no effect was observed in the UT‐SCC‐24A cell line. Apoptosis, measured as enhanced caspase‐3 activity, was induced by an agonistic Fas antibody (CH11) after cisplatin treatment in UT‐SCC‐24A cells.Conclusions:  Low‐dose cisplatin treatment enhanced Fas expression in both cell lines and increased susceptibility to apoptosis in one of them.
Oral lesions among persons with HIV disease with and without highly active antiretroviral therapy in southern India
Authors: Umadevi K. M. R. , Ranganathan K. , Pavithra S. , Hemalatha R. , Saraswathi T. R. , Kumarasamy N. , Solomon Suniti , Greenspan John S. 
Published: August 2010

Background:  The advent of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has changed the scenario of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. HIV patients in India have now access to generic HAART and this is the first report describing oral lesions in patients on HAART from our country.Methods:  Oral lesions were studied in HIV seropositive patients (n = 50 on HAART and n = 50 not on HAART) attending a tertiary HIV referral care centre in India and patients on HAART were followed up.Results:  There was a difference in the occurrence of oral candidiasis (OC) between HAART and non‐HAART participants (8%, 24%; P < 0.05). Pseudomembranous candidiasis was 4% and 18% in HAART and non‐HAART groups respectively (P < 0.05). In patients with CD4 count ≤200, OC was 5.6% in the HAART group and 39.1% in the non‐HAART group (P < 0.05). Among patients with CD4 count >200, pigmentation was 43.8% in the HAART group and 14.8% in the non‐HAART group (P < 0.05).Conclusion:  The prevalence of OC in patients who had access to HAART was less when compared with those who did not have access to HAART.
Hamartomatous proliferations of odontogenic epithelium within the jaws: a potential histogenetic source of intraosseous epithelial odontogenic tumors
Authors: Ide F. , Obara K. , Yamada H. , Mishima K. , Saito I. , Horie N. , Shimoyama T. , Kusama K. 
Published: August 2010

Background:  The jawbone is replete with a vestige of odontogenesis. The overall consensus is that intraosseous remnants of the enamel organ and dental lamina are the only histogenetic option for central epithelial odontogenic tumors. Curiously, incipient tumors or possible precursor conditions of residual odontogenic epithelium have rarely been reported in the literature.Methods:  We microscopically evaluated 39 660 biopsy samples to determine the presence of a tumor‐like odontogenic epithelial nodule in the maxilla and mandible.Results:  Seven intraosseous specimens that associated with a focal proliferation of odontogenic epithelium were retrieved. Six hamartomatous processes showed four different morphologic patterns comparable with the tumor nests comprising ameloblastoma (n = 1), squamous odontogenic tumor (n = 1), calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumor (n = 2) and calcifying cystic odontogenic tumor (n = 2). Among six lesions, four were the intrafollicular development. The remaining case of interest was multiple hyperplastic clear rests of Malassez in association with an impacted tooth.Conclusion:  Although it is impossible to predict the fate of these microscopic structures of hamartomatous character, the present case series indicates that any of the dormant embryonic residues of odontogenic epithelium can return to an active state, capable of non‐reactive, probably neoplastic proliferation of pathological significance.
Proliferative verrucous leukoplakia and its progression to oral carcinoma: a review of the literature
Authors: Cabay Robert J. , Morton Thomas H. , Epstein Joel B. 
Published: August 2010

Background:  Proliferative verrucous leukoplakia (PVL) is a distinct clinical form of oral leukoplakia defined by its progressive clinical course, changing clinical and histopathological features, and potential to develop into cancer. PVL behaves in a more aggressive and relentless manner than the more innocuous white oral lesions that it can resemble clinically.Methods:  A PubMed search was conducted which identified studies that examined patients with PVL and reported data meeting inclusion criteria.Results:  PVL is seen much more frequently in females and most often diagnosed after the sixth decade of life. Tobacco use is not strongly linked to the presence of PVL (63% of patients did not use tobacco products). Most (74%) of the patients with PVL progressed to oral carcinoma.Conclusion:  PVL is a persistent and progressive oral lesion that requires very close follow‐up along with early and aggressive treatment to increase the chances of a favorable outcome.
Subantimicrobial dose doxycycline in the treatment of recurrent oral aphthous ulceration: a pilot study
Authors: Preshaw Philip M. , Grainger Paula , Bradshaw Mark H. , Mohammad Abdel R. , Powala Chris V. , Nolan Anita 
Published: August 2010

Background:  Recurrent oral aphthous ulceration (ROAU) is a common problem that can result in considerable pain and distress for patients. The aim of this pilot study was to evaluate the role of subantimicrobial dose doxycycline (SDD – 20 mg doxycycline twice daily) in the management of patients with ROAU.Methods:  50 patients with ROAU were randomly allocated to treatment with SDD or placebo for 90 days. Daily ulcer diaries were completed by the participants to record the number of new ulcers and the pain associated with the ulcers.Results:  There were significantly more days with no new ulcers in the SDD group (80.4 ± 5.9) than the placebo group (69.8 ± 18.7; P = 0.04). Strong trends were observed towards fewer new ulcers per day, fewer new ulcers over the 90‐day period, and more days with no pain in the SDD group compared with the placebo group (P = 0.06–0.08).Conclusion:  SDD shows promise as potential therapy in the management of ROAU, though this needs to be confirmed in further studies.
A randomized‐controlled trial to compare topical cyclosporin with triamcinolone acetonide for the treatment of oral lichen planus
Authors: Thongprasom Kobkan , Chaimusig Mantharop , Korkij Wiwat , Sererat Thanasit , Luangjarmekorn Lakana , Rojwattanasirivej Somsri 
Published: August 2010

Background:  Various treatments have been employed to treat symptomatic oral lichen planus (OLP), but a complete cure is very difficult to achieve because of its recalcitrant nature. Topical cyclosporin therapy of OLP has shown conflicting results in many reports. The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of cyclosporin solution with triamcinolone acetonide 0.1% in orabase in the treatment of Thai patients with OLP.Methods:  Thirteen Thai patients with symptomatic OLP and proven by biopsy were randomly assigned treatment with cyclosporin (six) or triamcinolone acetonide 0.1% (seven). The patients were instructed to apply cyclosporin or triamcinolone acetonide 0.1% three times daily at the marker lesions and affected areas. The assessments were at weeks 0, 2, 4, 8 by clinical scoring and grid measurement of the target lesions. Cyclosporin levels were assessed at weeks 2 and 8 of treatment. Pain and burning sensation were evaluated by linear visual analogue scale (0–10).Results:  OLP patients in the triamcinolone acetonide group showed equal cases of clinical complete and partial remission (50%). Whereas, in the cyclosporin group, there was partial remission in only two cases (33.5%) and no response in four cases (66.7%). However, our study showed that there were no statistical differences in pain, burning sensation and clinical response in OLP patients between the two groups (P > 0.01). Moreover, five of six cases in the cyclosporin group developed side‐effects such as transient burning sensation, itching, swelling lips, petechial haemorrhages and others.Conclusion:  Our results indicated that topical cyclosporin did not provide any beneficial effect and was not more effective than triamcinolone acetonide 0.1% in the treatment of Thai patients with symptomatic OLP.
Oral premalignant lesions: is a biopsy reliable?
Authors: Holmstrup P. , Vedtofte P. , Reibel J. , Stoltze K. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractPurpose:  The purpose of the present retrospective study was to learn whether a biopsy of oral premalignant lesions, leukoplakia and erythroplakia, shows histopathological findings representative of the whole surgically removed lesion. Moreover, to see whether histopathological characteristics of the whole lesion are significant for future malignant development after surgery.Materials and methods:  A total of 101 lesions in 96 patients were included, 42 lesions (41%) being homogenous and 50 (50%) non‐homogenous leukoplakias, whereas nine (9%) were erythroplakias. The lesions were biopsied and subsequently surgically removed on the average of 10.4 months after biopsy. Surgical specimens were examined in two or more step sections distributed throughout the specimen. The histological findings of the biopsies were compared with those of the whole lesions. After surgical intervention the patients were followed (mean 6.8 years, range: 1.5–18.6), and new biopsies taken in case of recurrences. Smokers (73%) were encouraged to quit smoking and candidal infections were treated. The possible influence of different variables on the risk of malignant development was estimated by means of logistic regression analysis.Results:  Histological examination of the whole lesions showed that seven lesions (7%) harboured a carcinoma and 70 lesions (69%) showed a degree of epithelial dysplasia or carcinoma in situ. Eleven lesions (12%) developed carcinoma after a mean follow‐up period of 7.5 years. A comparison of the degree of dysplasia in the biopsies with that of the whole lesion demonstrated variation with concurrent diagnosis in 49% of the lesions and in 79% after inclusion of lesions with one degree up or down the scale of epithelial dysplasia.Conclusion:  The estimated odds ratio showed that none of the associated variables including presence of any degree of epithelial dysplasia in the whole lesion, site, demarcation and smoking had influence on the risk of malignant development.
Prognostic impact of p53 and p63 immunoexpression in oral squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: De Oliveira Lucinei Roberto , Ribeiro‐Silva Alfredo , Zucoloto Sérgio 
Published: August 2010

Background:  The role of p53 and p63 proteins in the prognosis of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is still debatable. Our aim here was to investigate the relationship between the immunoexpression of these proteins with some clinicopathologic parameters of prognostic significance in OSCC.Methods:  Formalin‐fixed paraffin‐embedded sections from 106 patients were used for study together with the following data: primary site, histologic differentiation, recurrences, metastasis, disease‐free survival and overall survival (OS).Results:  In OSCCs, the positive rate for p63 protein immunoexpression (87.8%) was higher than p53 (52.8%). p53 expression correlated with metastasis. Tumors negative for p53 and with strong intensity for p63 expression had a significantly higher OS.Conclusions:  p53 overexpression is associated with a larger number of metastases and is correlated with a poor outcome as well as decreased intensity in p63 immunoexpression.
LOH at chromosome 9q34.3 and the Notch1 gene methylation are less involved in oral squamous cell carcinomas
Authors: Gao Shan , Krogdahl Annelise , Eiberg Hans , Liu Chung‐Ji , Sørensen Jens Ahm 
Published: August 2010

Background:  Previous studies of oral carcinomas have shown that both loss of heterozygosity (LOH) and hypermethylation at chromosome 9q33 to 9q34.2 are frequent. The present study investigates the frequency of Notch1 gene methylation and LOH at 9q34.3 region.Methods:  Gene promoter hypermethylation of the Notch1 gene was analysed by methylation‐specific PCR and LOH was analysed using microsatellite markers.Results:  We found LOH at 9q34.3 in three patients and methylation of the Notch1 gene only in two patients with oral carcinoma.Conclusion:  Comparing with the alterations at 9q33 to 34.2 regions, LOH at 9q34.3 and methylation of the Notch1 gene was less involved in oral squamous cell carcinomas.
An updated clinical and epidemiological profile of the adenomatoid odontogenic tumour: a collaborative retrospective study
Authors: Philipsen Hans Peter , Reichart Peter A. , Siar Chong Huat , Ng Kok Han , Lau Shin Hin , Zhang Xiaolin , Dhanuthai Kittipong , Swasdison Somporn , Jainkittivong Aree , Meer Shabnum , Jivan Vibha , Altini Mario , Hazarey Vinay , Ogawa Ikuko , Takata Takashi , Taylor Adalberto Abel Mosqueda , Godoy Héctor , Delgado Wilson A. , Carlos‐Bregni Roman , Macias Juan Fransisco Reyes , Matsuzaka Kenichi , Sato Daisuke , Vargas Pablo A. , Adebayo Ezekiel Taiwo 
Published: August 2010

Background:  Adenomatoid odontogenic tumour (AOT) is a benign odontogenic jaw lesion. The aim of this study was to update the biological profile of AOT.Material and methods:  Cases published in the literature and cases in files of co‐authors were included.Results:  550 new cases were retrieved, and of a total of 1082 cases analysed, 87.2% were found in the second and third decades. The M:F ratio was 1:1.9. 70.8% were of the follicular variant (extrafollicular: 26.9%, peripheral: 2.3%). 64.3% occurred in the maxilla. 60% of follicular AOTs were associated with unerupted canines. Nineteen cases of AOT (2.8%, M:F ratio was 1:1.4) were associated with embedded third molars. Twenty‐two peripheral AOTs (2.3%, M:F ratio was 1:5.3) were recorded. The relative frequency (RF) of AOT ranged between 0.6% and 38.5%, revealing a considerably wider AOT/RF range than hitherto reported (2.2–7.1%).Conclusions:  This updated review based on the largest number of AOT cases ever presented, confirms the distinctive, although not pathognomonic clinicopathological profile of the AOT, its worldwide occurrence, and its consistently benign behaviour.
Bisphosphonate‐related osteonecrosis of the jaws: a comprehensive review
Authors: Hewitt Catherine , Farah Camile S. 
Published: August 2010

Background:  Bisphosphonate‐related osteonecrosis of the jaws (BRONJ) presents the clinician with significant management dilemmas. The purpose of this study was to distil information related to this disorder by comprehensively reviewing the literature.Methods:  The structure and function of bisphosphonates, and their role in the development of BRONJ will be discussed, as will the possible mechanisms through which this pathology develops. A review of cases presented in the literature will be undertaken, and suggestions offered as to the management of this pathology in terms of surgical and conservative approaches.Results:  Presentation of BRONJ is currently more common in patients taking intravenous forms of bisphosphonates, but there is a fear that the long‐term cumulative effects of oral bisphosphonates may see BRONJ increasingly occurring in this patient group.Conclusions:  Prevention is superior to treatment, and the establishment of meticulous oral hygiene and pre‐emptive surgical treatment prior to commencement of bisphosphonate therapy is recommended.