bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
To assess the difference in the corneal biomechanical properties in healthy subjects with and without their contact lenses
Authors: DE FAYS A , POURJAVAN S 
Published: August 2012

AbstractPurpose To assess the difference in the corneal biomechanical properties in healthy subjects with and without their contact lenses.Methods The study included one eye of 20 healthy subjects who wear monthly, soft contact lenses for a refractive error. The subjects were asked, not to wear their contact lenses during at least 12 hours. The central corneal thickness was measured at least 30 minutes before other examination using an ultrasonic pachymeter. The corneal biomechanical properties and the intraocular pressure (IOP) were measured by ocular response analyzer (ORA). The measurements were repeated immediately with the contact lenses. A student t‐test was used to assess the difference between the measurements with and without contact lenses.Results The mean corneal hysteresis without and with contact lenses were 10.88 ± 1.8 mmHg (9.6‐13.7 mmHg) and 10.92 ± 1.7 mmHg (8.5‐13.4 mmHg), respectively (p = 0.16). The mean corneal resistance factor was 9.96 ± 1.7 mmHg (7.9‐12.6 mmHg) without contact lenses compared with 9.95 ± 2.1 mmHg (7.6‐12.3 mmHg) with the contact lenses (p= 0.21) There was no significant difference nor in corneal‐compensated IOP neither in Goldmann‐correlated IOP, with or without the contact lenses.Conclusion Our results suggest that ORA‐generated parameters are not influenced by the contact lens itself. Further longitudinal studies should be performed to establish the eventual changes of the biomechanical parameters with duration of the contact lens wear.
IOP management in glaucoma/OHT following intravitreal anti‐VEGF injections
Authors: ANSARI E 
Published: August 2012

AbstractPurpose To determine a protocol for IOP management in glaucoma/OHT cases following intravitreal anti‐VEGF injectionsMethods Baseline IOP with Icare tonometry, optic disc assessment and automated perimetry IOP post‐injection at 5, 15, 30 and 60min. Standard injection technique.Results Mean baseline IOP was 16.92 mmHg (SD 4.98, 95% CI 14.95 to 18.88). Thirty minutes post Apraclonidine 1% administration, mean IOP was 15.71 mmHg (SD 4.58, 95% CI 13.74 to 17.67) Paired Student’s t‐test giving a P value of 0.368 indicated that administration of Apraclonidine 1% prior to intravitreal treatment did not cause a statistically significant IOP reduction in patients with ocular hypertension and glaucoma. Immediately post injection, mean IOP was 41.54mm Hg (SD 14.1, 95% CI 37.20 to 45.88). Paired T test results showing a p value < 0.0001 confirmed a statistically significant difference between baseline and immediate post injection IOP. 13 out of 24 (58%) of the study patients required anterior paracentesis post intravitreal injection according to our devised protocol.Conclusion The authors propose the use of the formulated paracentesis protocol for intraocular management in patients with ocular hypertension and glaucoma receiving intravitreal anti‐VEGF treatment.
Optic disc torsion direction predicts the location of glaucomatous damage in normal tension glaucoma patients with myopia
Authors: LEE K 
Published: August 2012

AbstractPurpose To characterize optic disc tilt and torsion in normal tension glaucoma(NTG) patients with myopia and evaluate the relationship between optic disc tilt and torsion with the location of visual field(VF) defectMethods Patients were divided into myopic NTG group (spherical equivalent(SE)≥‐2.0 diopters(D) or axial length(AL)≥24.0 mm) and non‐myopic NTG group (SE<‐0.5 D or AL<24.0 mm). Disc tilt, torsion, and area of peripapillary atrophy(PPA) were measured from disc photographs. Patients were further divided into superior and inferior defect groups according to the location of the VF defect in the pattern deviation map. Logistic regression analysis was used to determine the relationship between tilt ratio, torsion degree, and the VF defect location.Results Among 225 NTG eyes, 166(73.8%) were myopic eyes. The myopic NTG group was significantly younger(42.85 years) than the non‐myopic NTG group(60.73 years). Disc tilt(45.8%) and torsion(75.9%) were significantly more prevalent in the myopic NTG group. PPA area was larger in the myopic NTG group(P=0.057). VF defect location was significantly different between the two groups, with superior defects more prevalent in the myopic NTG group(69.9%, P<0.001). Torsion degree was significantly different in the superior defect group(18.45 degrees) compared to the inferior defect group(‐3.81 degrees, P = 0.001). Torsion degree was the only factor related to VF defect location in both univariate(P=0.001) and multivariate logistic regression(P=0.014) analysis.Conclusion Korean NTG patients had a high prevalence of myopia and young age. Optic disc tilt and torsion were highly prevalent in Korean NTG patients with myopia. The direction of the optic disc torsion may predict the location of damage.
Structure–function relationship: assessment of macular ganglion cell complex with FD‐OCT and standard automated perimetry
Authors: EL CHEHAB H , GIRAUD JM , FENOLLAND J , FRANCOZ M , SENDON D , EL ASRI F , MESSAOUDI R , DOT C , MAY F , RENARD JP 
Published: August 2012

AbstractPurpose This study aims to evaluate relationship might exist between new indices of structural damage provided by FD‐OCT which analyses macular ganglion cell complex (mGCC) and functional indices collected in standard automated perimetry (SAP).Methods 102 eyes (56 PAOG and 46 control) benefited a SAP(Humphrey SITA‐Standard 24.2, Carl Zeiss Meditec) and an FD‐OCT imaging (RTVue 100, macular grid of 7*7mm, Optovue Inc.). We analyse: MD, PSD and VFI for functional analysis, and focal and global losses (FLV and GLV) of mGCC for macular mapping. Statistical regression analysis was used to assess possible structure‐function relationship.Results Glaucoma (66.2±3.5y) results report: MD:‐6.25±1.46dB, PSD:5.9±1.1dB, VFI:84±4.7%, FLV:4.84±1.26% and GLV:19.2±2.7%. Controls (61.6±4y) results were: MD:0.36±0.22dB, PSD:1.6 ± 0.1dB, VFI:99±0.5%, FLV:2.04±0.59 and GLV:9.8±2.3%. Structural damage and functional impairment indices may be correlated by linear regression. Correlation is higher in glaucoma group. Strongest relation is between PSD and FLV with determination coefficient (r ²) of 0,63.Conclusion This study evaluates the possible relationship between new structural and functional parameters in 2 age‐matched groups. Linear correlation, greater in glaucoma group, emphasizes a structure‐function relationship with a highest determination coefficient of 0,63. This correlation is between focal indices of structural and functional damage (PSD and FLV). New FD‐OCT parameters of mGCC provided us a better understanding of glaucoma structural damage. Assessment of structure‐function relationship is improved and we find a higher correlation between focal indices.
Retinal pigmentepithelium (rpe) alterations correspond to retinal nerve fiber layer (rnfl) degeneration in glaucoma
Authors: KERNT M , HUEBERT I , MANN T , NEUBAUER A , HIRNEISS C 
Published: August 2012

AbstractPurpose A close interaction between neurosensory retina and the retinal pigmentepithelium (RPE) is a prerequisite for normal vision. Glaucomatous damage is characterized by neuroretinal degeneration. As a result, an imbalanced interaction exists. However, there is only limited evidence regarding RPE involvement in glaucoma patients’ eyes. This study investigates the correlation between retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness and RPE alterations as detected by widefield fundus autofluorescence (FAF).Methods Peripapillary RNFL thickness was quantified by optical coherence tomography (OCT). The six corresponding retinal areas were defined by a standardized grid and FAF intensity/irregularities were assessed and correlated to RNFL measurements.Results 84 glaucomatous eyes were investigated. A correlation between RNFL thickness and standardized FAF in the corresponding topographic retina segments was observed. Correlation coefficients ranged between ‐0.12 to 0.35 and were statistically significant in the temporal inferior central field (r=0.35, p=0.02) and the temporal inferior peripheral field (r=0.31, p=0.04).Conclusion This study provides early evidence that in glaucoma RNFL degeneration may be accompanied by corresponding RPE alterations
Correlation of various optic nerve head parameters obtained by 3D non‐mydriatic retinal camera and optical coherence tomography (OCT)
Authors: KANG KD , JUNG SH 
Published: August 2012

AbstractPurpose To evaluate the relationship between various optic nerve head parameters(ONHP) provided by 3D non‐mydriatic retinal camera and OCT. Agreement in assessing the disc damage likelihood scale (DDLS) using 3D monitor between trainees and the validity of the DDLS provided by the integrated algorism of 3D retinal camera were also investigated.Methods Patients(122 eyes from 82 patients) were categorized as normal, glaucoma suspect and glaucoma groups. Stereoscopic images were taken by 3D non‐mydriatic retinal camera(Nonmyd WX 3D,Kowa company Ltd.,Japan) and various ONHP provided by the instrument were used. To access the agreement in assessing the DDLS between trainees, initially DDLS score was graded using slit lamp by each observer and then each observer was provide with the 3D image of the optic nerve head using 3D monitor and was asked to re‐grade the DDLS according to their findings. OCT was performed to acquire retinal nerve fiber layer analysis and optic nerve head analysis.Results There was a good correlation between various ONHP obtained by 3D non‐mydriatic retinal camera and OCT. The interobserver agreement of the DDLS evaluated through the 3D monitor was excellent(0.91), whereas the interobserver agreement of the DDLS evaluated clinically by slit lamp was substantial (0.80). The DDLS evaluated by the integrated algorism of 3D non‐mydriatic retinal camera was not itself satisfactory in the diagnosis of glaucoma. ROC curve shoed that DDLS evaluated using 3D monitor had the best predictive power(0.93).Conclusion ONHP obtained by 3D non‐mydaiatic retinal camera are useful in evaluating patients with glaucoma, however, the integrated algorism of the device to calculate the DDLS needs to be improved.
To assess circumpapillary retinal arteries and veins thickness (cRAT and cRVT) at optic disc (OD) border and correlate them with circumpapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (cRNFL)
Authors: PEREIRA I , WEBER S , HOLZER S , RESCH H , KISS B , FISCHER G , VASS C 
Published: August 2012

AbstractPurpose To assess circumpapillary retinal arteries and veins thickness (cRAT and cRVT) at optic disc (OD) border and correlate them with circumpapillary Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer (cRNFL).Methods 123 healthy subjects underwent complete ophthalmologic examination including Cirrus®HD‐OCT and GDx‐ECC® (both Carl Zeiss Meditec Inc.). We used SLO images of HD‐OCT and MATLAB® (Version R2009b, The Mathworks Inc.) to manually identify the OD contour and measure cRAT and cRVT at OD border. cRAT and cRVT data were convolved with a Gaussian window to generate a 64‐sector profile.Results 123 and 118 subjects showed significant intrasubject correlations between the cRNFL thickness profiles of the GDx‐ECC and cRVT and cRAT profiles, with Rmean 0.68 (0.96 – 0.03) and Rmean 0.65 (0.92 – 0.02). 26 and 24 of 64 plots showed significant intersubject correlation between cRNFL and cRVT and cRAT profiles (Rmax 0.35 and 0.29). For all vessels together intrasubject Rmean was 0.74 (0.40 – 0.96). Intersubject correlation was significant in 33/64 plots (Rmax 0.37).Conclusion The individual cRVT and cRAT profiles contain approximately 46% of the individual RNFL profile information. Up to 12% of the intersubject variability of cRNFL might be explained by variations of cRVT or cRAT profiles. Analyzing all vessels together performed even slightly better.
Asymmetry in hemifield macular thickness as an indicator of early glaucomatous structural or functional progression
Authors: CHEN Y , KOBAYASHI N , KOBAYASHI K 
Published: August 2012

AbstractPurpose To evaluate whether asymmetry in macular thickness can serve as an indicator of glaucomatous structural or functional progression utilizing Spectralis spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD‐OCT).Methods 31 early glaucoma eyes were evaluated in this study. Average macular thickness maps were acquired by posterior pole analysis of SD‐OCT and Macular thickness asymmetry between superior and inferior hemifield was analyzed. 16 eyes were classified as asymmetric and 15 eyes were classified as symmetric. Average macular thickness and circumpapillary retinal never fiber layer (cRNFL) were measured by SD‐OCT while Visual sensitivity loss was determined by mean deviation (MD) using Humphrey Visual Field Analyzer. All examinations were repeated after 6 months.Results In asymmetry group, average macular thickness decreased from 280.8±8.2 to 273.3±7.4μm and cRNFL decreased from 80.2±3.4 to 76.8±3.0μm. Both of them became thinner statistically significantly. In symmetry group, neither average macular thickness nor cRNFL had significant change. Visual sensitivity loss did not get significantly worse in each group.Conclusion Evaluation of asymmetry in macular thickness in early glaucoma eyes may serve as a useful indicator in the progression of glaucomatous changes.
Macular ganglion cell‐Inner plexiform layer thickness measurement and reproducibility with SD‐OCT
Authors: FRANCOZ M , FENOLLAND J , GIRAUD JM , EL CHEHAB H , SENDON D , MESSAOUDI R , MAY F , RENARD JP 
Published: August 2012

AbstractPurpose To evaluate the macular retinal ganglion cell‐inner plexiform layer (GC‐IPL) thickness with automated detection and analyze the intra and interobservator reproducibility in normal, ocular hypertensive (OHT) and glaucomatous eyes.Methods A total of 138 eyes were enrolled in 3 goups: normal subjects (n=69), OHT subjects (n=35), and open angle glaucoma subjects (n=34). All patients underwent a complete ocular examination including 24‐2 standard automated perimetry, biometry and pachymetry. Each eye had macular scanning using the Cirrus HD‐OCT (Carl Zeiss Meditec, Dublin, CA, USA), 3 times by each of 2 observators, and the ganglion cell analysis (GCA) algorithm provided parameters as average, minimum and 6 sectoral GC‐IPL thicknesses. The reproducibility was assessed with intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), coefficient of variation (CV) and test‐retest SD (TRTSD).Results The mean GC‐IPL thickness was 82.27 ± 7.37 µm, 76.84 ± 7.01 µm and 66.16 ± 11.16 µm in normal, OHT, and glaucoma group respectively. The GC‐IPL thickness was significantly lower in glaucomatous eyes than in normal and OHT eyes (p<0.0001 for all parameters). In the 3 groups ICC ranges were 96.4‐99.9 % and 92.5‐99.8 %, CV ranges were 0.41‐2.24 % and 0.55‐1.67 %, and TRTSD ranges were 0.61‐2.64 µm and 0.83 and 2.22 µm, for respectively the intraobservator and interobservator reproducibility analysis.Conclusion To our knowledge this is the first study of GCA algorithm in normal, OHT and glaucomatous eyes. A highly satisfactory reproducibility of GC‐IPL thickness measurements using Cirrus HD‐OCT is reported. GC‐IPL thickness might be promising new OCT parameter for glaucoma diagnosis and follow‐up.
Average nerve width measurement obtained by optical coherence tomography and glaucoma
Authors: SHENG‐YAO HSU 
Published: August 2012

AbstractPurpose This study will investigate the optic nerve head (ONH) using optical coherence tomography (OCT) and analyze the correlations between neuroretinal rim and optic disc‐cup structure in order to apply the finding in glaucoma.Methods This cross‐sectional study enrolled 157 healthy subjects firstly and analyzed one randomly selected eye in each subject. The measurements for ONH parameters, including neuroretinal rim and optic disc‐cup structure (disc or cup areas and cup‐to‐disc ratios), were taken by a single experienced operator. The associations among neuroretinal rim and optic disc‐cup structure were determined. Independent parameter was further tested in 25 glaucomatous patients.Results In healthy subjects, average cup‐to‐disc area ratio estimated was 0.2827 ± 0.1134 (95% CI; range, 0.263 to 0.302); rim area (vertical cross section), vertical integrated rim area, horizontal integrated rim width, and rim area positively correlated with disc area (p<0.05); rim area (vertical cross section), average nerve width, and vertical integrated rim area negatively correlated with cup area (p<0.05); and rim area (vertical cross section), average nerve width, vertical integrated rim area, horizontal integrated rim width, and rim area negatively correlated with cup‐to‐disc ratios (p<0.05). In further stepwise regression analysis, average nerve width was not associated with optic disc‐cup structure measurements (p>0.05, F<4.000) in healthy subjects. In glaucomatous patients, average nerve width was positively correlated with the mean deviation (dB) in standard automated perimetry (p<0.001, r=0.709).Conclusion Average nerve width (the height of the nerve fiber bundle) is an independent rim parameter, and is helpful for the evaluation in glaucoma.
Glaucoma diagnostic accuracy : comparison of RTVue‐100 and Cirrus HD
Authors: FENOLLAND J , GIRAUD JM , EL CHEHAB H , FRANCOZ M , SENDON D , MAY F , RENARD JP 
Published: August 2012

AbstractPurpose To compare diagnostic performance of peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer and macular complex acquisitions in both Cirrus HD and RTVue OCTs.Methods Observational study. 26 control eyes of 13 patients and 29 glaucomatous eyes of 16 patients were included. Inclusion criteria were : VA>20/25, no retinopathy nor maculopathy, spherical equivalent between ‐6 and 4 diopters, no recent ocular surgery. Acquisition protocols were : optic disc cube and 200x200 macular cube for the Cirrus. RNFL parameters and the macular complex (retinal ganglion cell and inner plexiform ie GCA) in 6 zones were studied. With the RTVue:3D optic disc plus ONH map then macular map. RNFL parameters and macular complex (retinal nerve fiber plus retinal ganglion cell plus inner plexiforme ie GCC). Statistical analysis : normal and glaucomatous population were compared with a Mann‐Whitney test. Area under curve (AUC), sensibility and specificity were calculated for each parameters. Agreement between the 2 OCT for the RNFL was evaluated with a Bland Altman plotResults there was a difference for all the studied parameters between the two populations (u‐test p<0,01). AUC ranges from 0,782 to 0,963. for the Cirrus, the best parameters were GCA inferotemporal (AUC=0,955 Se=88% Sp=91%) and inferior RNFL (AUC=0,963 Se=93 Sp=91%) whereas for the RTVue,it was FLV (AUC=0,942 Se=89%, Sp=92%) and average RNFL (AUC=0,935 Se=85%, Sp=96%). There was no statistical differences when comparing those four AUC. There was a moderate agreement between the RNFL values with a biais of 9 micrometers.Conclusion There is no difference between GCA (Cirrus) and GCC (RTVue) in diagnostic accuracy for glaucoma. Macular parameters have the same performance than peripapillar parameters.
Scanning laser polarimetry in glaucoma suspects: influence of the lens
Authors: MILANO G , VERTICCHIO VERCELLIN AC , LOMBARDO S , BOSSOLESI L , RAIMONDI M , LANTERI S , ROSSI GCM 
Published: August 2012

AbstractPurpose to compare scanning laser polarimetry (GDx) variable corneal compensation (VCC) and enhanced corneal compensation (ECC) in glaucoma suspects divided on the basis of lens conditionsMethods 339 eyes of 182 consecutive patients were selected and submitted to complete ophthalmic evaluation, automated perimetry (HFA 24‐2), scanning laser polarimetry of RNFL with GDx VCC and ECC. Patients were divided into 4 groups if pseudophakic (IOL) or with different lens opacities graded according to LOCS‐III (NO/NC 1, 2 or 3). Morphometric parameters as TSNIT average, superior, inferior, nerve fiber indicator(NFI); quality of the image (Q)and typical scan score(TSS) given by the two GDx algorithms were compared applying Wilkoxon signed‐rank test and Lin’s concordance coefficient. Kruskall‐Wallis test was used to compare the 4 groups on the basis of age, intra‐ocular pressure (IOP), perimetric indices as mean defect (MD) and pattern standard deviation (PSD),TSNIT,NFI,Q and TSSResults IOL group was significantly older, with lower IOP and higher MD as compared to the other groups. ECC gave better quality scans, thinner RNFL and higher NFI as compared to VCC. ECC/VCC outcomes were significantly different and concordance was poor to moderate but slightly better with transparent lens than with cataract (NO/NC3) or IOL. IOL and cataract seemed to affect GDx outcomes especially with VCCConclusion different lens conditions seemed to influence laser polarimetry outcomes particularly with VCC. ECC as compared to VCC gave better quality scans, thinner RNFL, higher NFI and was less influenced by lens condition. ECC could possibly better reproduce RNFL thickness, giving a more reliable model of early glaucomatous neuropathy
The influence of TSD (topographic standard deviation) and RH (refference height) test/retest variability upon the test/retest variability of the HRT stereometric parameters
Authors: POPA CHERECHEANU A , DASCALU AM , SERBAN D , STANA D 
Published: August 2012

AbstractPurpose To investigate the role of TSD and RH inter‐test variability upon the variability of the stereometric parametres.Methods 204 glaucomatous patients underwent regularly complete ophthalmological follow‐up for 3 years and HRT3 exam (yearly). The exclusion criteria were optic disc or retinal pathology that might interfere with the detection of glaucoma progression, TSD >30μm and progression of glaucomatous defect on optic disc photography or TCA.Results TSD inter‐test variability <27; no statistically significant correlation between TSD variability and stereometric parameters changes. RH variability ranged between ‐198 and 187. Correlation analyses revealed a linear dependence between the inter‐test variability of RH and stereometric parameters change. The most powerful correlations were observed for: RNFL Thickness (r=0.756, p<0.001), Rim Area (r=0.662, p<0.001), C/D Area Ratio (r=‐0.663, p<0.001). The least correlated were Height Variation Contour (r=0.31) and Cup Shape Measure (r=0.07, p=0.3). When RH variability did not exceed 25μm, the correlations with stereometric parameters change were not statistically significant (for Rim Area, r=0.21, p>0.05, for C/D Area Ratio, r=‐0.13, p=0.22, for RNFL Thickness r=0.06, p=0.52).Conclusion At TSD <30, the impact of TSD variability upon stereometric parameters changes is of little relevance. For values >25μm, the variability of the RH is a major factor determining test/retest variability for RNFL Thickness, Rim Area, C/D Area, Rim Volume and Linear C/D. Inter‐test variability of RH <25μm is an important criterion for the clinical relevance of stereometric parameters changes.