bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ionic gelators: oligomeric and polymeric electrolytes as novel gel forming materials
Authors: Yoshida Masaru 
Published: July 2010

AbstractIn this article, novel gel‐forming materials based on oligomeric and polymeric electrolytes for not only water but also organic solvents, including ionic liquids, are highlighted especially the synthesis, derivatization, and physical property. The oligoelectrolytes with cationic pyridinium backbone can be very easily prepared by the intermolecular quaternization of the ampholytic monomer. The ionene polymers with N,N′‐(p‐phenylene)dibenzamide linkages as polyelectrolyte were also straightforwardly synthesized in high yields by the copolymerization of 1,4‐bis[4‐(chloromethyl)benzamide]benzene and commercially available α,ω‐ditertiary amines. The oligo‐ and polyelectrolytes provided physical hydrogels under ca. 1–5 wt% of the concentrations after heating and cooling at room temperature without any other additives. These cationic gelators have characteristic properties, such as acid resistance, a self‐healing nature after mechanical collapse, and a dispersant ability for single‐walled carbon nanotubes, which have been rarely attainable for conventional physical gelators. © 2010 The Japan Chemical Journal Forum and Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Chem Rec 10: 230–242; 2010: Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com) DOI 10.1002/tcr.201000007
In vivoeffects of zearalenone on the expression of proteins involved in the detoxification of rat xenobiotics
Authors: Duca Radu‐Corneliu , Mabondzo Aloise , Bravin Frédérique , Delaforge Marcel 
Published: July 2010

AbstractZearalenone (ZEN) is a lactone derivative of the resorcylic acid produced by variousFusariumspecies that are widely found in foods and animal feeds. ZEN exerts species‐specific estrogenic effects, possibly because of the metabolism differences arising from reduction, hydroxylation, or glucuro‐conjugation. The main objective of this study was to determine the levels of expression of rat proteins that are involved in the ZEN detoxification pathway upon acute ZEN treatment. This was achieved by monitoring the mRNA associated with 25 genes using RT‐PCR upon ZEN uptake. These genes code for a variety of proteins that are involved in cellular detoxifying pathways, transporters, cytochromes P450 (CYPs), hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases, and transferases, and receptors that are involved in CYP expression or steroid metabolism. Liver samples from rats treated with ZEN were compared to untreated rats or animals treated with classical CYP inducers (phenobarbital, dexamethasone, β‐naphtoflavone, and clofibrate). Significant changes of mRNA expression were observed for the efflux transporter, P‐glycoprotein, monooxygenases (CYP2C7, CYP2E1, CYP3A1, CYP3A2, and aromatase), steroid dehydrogenases, and Uridine diphospho–glucuronyl transferases (UGTs). Following a single ZEN treatment, the initial modifications in mRNA levels indicate a close association with microsomal enzyme activity of the CYP2B, CYP2C, and CYP3A protein families. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol, 2012.
Proportional bandwidth adjustment using BER ratios, in a two‐tier hierarchical NEMO system
Authors: Sheu Tsang‐Ling , Kuo Bing‐Chi 
Published: July 2010

AbstractIn this paper, we present a proportional bandwidth adjustment (PBA) scheme using bit‐error‐rate (BER) ratios in a two‐tier hierarchical NEMO system, composed of an access router (AR), mobile routers (MRs), and visiting mobile nodes (MNs). Depending on the location, an MN may use direct link to AR (Tier‐0) or indirect link to AR via MR (Tier‐1). To increase system utilization, sessions generated by high‐speed MNs in one tier are allowed to use a certain amount of free bandwidth in another tier. Since Tier‐1 traffic can be temporarily buffered at MR, to reduce the blocking probability of Tier‐0, the bandwidth between Tier‐0 and Tier‐1 can be proportionally adjusted based on BER. In other words, more bandwidth is allocated to the tier with smaller BER. For the purpose of performance evaluation, we build a mathematical model with 6D Markov chains to analyze session blocking probabilities, system utilization, and normalized goodput. Analytical results are validated through a simulation. Both results demonstrate that the proposed PBA can significantly reduce the session blocking probabilities and increase the overall normalized goodput when BER ratio between Tier‐0 and Tier‐1 is very different. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
MeshMon: a multi‐tiered framework for wireless mesh network monitoring
Authors: Raghavendra Ramya , Acharya Prashanth , Belding Elizabeth M. , Almeroth Kevin C. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractMonitoring and troubleshooting a large wireless mesh network (WMN) presents several challenges. Diagnosis of problems related to wireless access in these networks requires a comprehensive set of metrics and network monitoring data. Collection and offloading of a large amount of data are infeasible in a bandwidth constrained mesh network. Additionally, the processing required to analyze data from the entire network restricts the scalability of the system and impacts the ability to perform real‐time fault diagnosis. To this end, we propose MeshMon, a network monitoring framework that includes a multi‐tiered method of data collection. MeshMon, dynamically controls the granularity of data collection based on observed events in the network, thereby achieving significant bandwidth savings and enabling real‐time automated management. Our evaluation of MeshMon on a real testbed shows that we can diagnose a majority (87%) of network faults with a 66% savings in bandwidth required for network monitoring. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Link optimization for energy‐constrained wireless networks with packet retransmissions
Authors: Cheng Hongbing , Yao Yu‐Dong 
Published: July 2010

AbstractWith the objective to minimize the energy consumption for packet based communications in energy‐constrained wireless networks, this paper establishes a theoretical model for the joint optimization of the parameters at the physical layer and data link layer. Multilevel quadrature amplitude modulation (MQAM) and automatic repeat request (ARQ) techniques are considered in the system model. The optimization problem is formulated into a three dimensional nonlinear integer programming (NIP) problem with the modulation order, packet size, and retransmission limit as variables. For the retransmission limit, a simple search method is applied to degenerate the three dimensional problem into a two dimensional NIP problem, for which two optimization algorithms are proposed. One is the successive quadratic programming (SQP) algorithm, combining with the continuous relaxation based branch‐and‐bound method, which can obtain the global optimal solution since the continuous relaxation problem is proved to be hidden convex. The other is a low‐complexity sub‐optimal iterative algorithm, combining with the nearest‐neighboring method, which can be implemented with a polynomial complexity. Numerical examples are given to illustrate the optimization solution, which suggests that the joint optimization of the physical/data link layer parameters contributes noticeably to the energy saving in energy‐constrained wireless networks. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Simplicial Methods for the Solution of Systems of Nonlinear Equations
Authors: Bittner Leonhard 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThe paper establishes an iteration process, which has been stimulated by H. Heinrich and is of particular interest, since it constitutes the precise generalization of the special secant method. Besides investigating convergence a.s.o. the paper answers the question important also for other fields of research, whether a kind of intermediate value property holds for multidimensional functions and simplexes.
Čaplygin's Theorem of the Reducing Multiplier in Poincaré‐Četaev Variables
Authors: Ghori Q. K. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThe well‐known theorem of the reducing multiplier is extended to nonholonomic dynamical systems the equations of motion of which are expressed in Poincaré‐Četaev variables. The procedure provided by the theorem is illustrated by an example.
Zur Lösung des linksseitigen Anfangswertproblems bei Systemen gewöhnlicher linearer Differentialgleichungen mit konstanten Koeffizienten (Existenz und Eindeutigkeit, Approximation durch Lösungen singulär gestörter Systeme)
Authors: Jentsch L. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractEs wird eine mathematisch exakte Formulierung des linksseitigen Anfangswertproblems in einer Klasse von Distributionen gegeben, die von regulären Distributionen mit positivem Träger und der δ‐Distribution und ihren Ableitungen erzeugt wird. Zur Ermittlung von Lösungen ist die Methode der Laplace‐Transformation geeignet. Die wesentliche Voraussetzung Für die Existenz und die einzige Voraussetzung Für die Eindeutigkeit der Lösung ist, daß das charakteristische Polynom nicht identisch Null ist. Danach werden Sätze über die Approximation der distributionentheoretischen Lösung des linksseitigen Anfangswertproblems, die Für t > 0 als gewöhnliche Funktion interpretiert werden kann, durch Lösungen klassischer Anfangswertprobleme bewiesen. Dabei werden δ‐Distributionen durch reguläre Distributionen und anormale Systeme durch singulär gestörte normale Systeme approximiert. Für die Konvergenz der Lösungen der singulär gestörten Probleme gegen die distributionentheoretischen Lösung Für t > 0 sind gewisse Stabilitätskriterien hinreichend.
Rational Interpolation Using Incomplete Barycentric Forms
Authors: Salzer H. E. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractIn rational interpolation of ƒ(x) by (a0 + a1x + … + anxn)/(1 + b1x + … + bmxm) at xi, i = 1(1)n + m + 1, instead of solving an (n + m + 1)‐th order linear system for ai and bi, we solve only an m‐th order linear system to obtain all n + m + 1 coefficients of 1/(x ‐ xi) in the “incomplete barycentric form” of the numerator and denominator. The extension to r‐th order osculatory interpolation by (a0 + a1x + … + anr ‐ 1xnr ‐ 1)/(1 + b1x + … + bmrxmr) requires the solution of an rm‐th, instead of the usual (rm + rn)‐th order linear system. In similar treatment of non‐osculatory odd‐point rational trigonometric interpolation by a quotient of trigonometric sums, we solve a 2m‐th, instead of (2n + 2m + 1)‐th order linear system for the coefficients of 1/sin 1/2 (x ‐ xi).
On Stokes Flows in Channels and Pipes with Parallel Stationary Random Surface Roughness
Authors: Phan‐Thien N. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThe Stokes flow problems of an incompressible viscous fluid in corrugated channels and pipes are considered. The flow is parallel to the corrugations which are of small amplitude ϵ and are represented by stationary random functions. A pertubation solution is developed leading to an expression for the flow rate enhancement as a function of the statistics of the corrugations. Simplification of this expression are discussed.
On the Approximation of Random Processes by Convolution Processes
Authors: Splettstösser W. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThe smoothness in the mean of a weak sense stationary process is closely connected with that of its autocorrelation function. This enables one to prove results on the order of convergence of certain convolution processes to the given random process. On the other hand, it is possible to conclude smoothness properties, in case the order is known.
Time‐dependent Cauchy‐Navier splines and their application to seismic wave front propagation
Authors: Kammann P. , Michel V. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractIn this paper a known orthonormal system of time‐ and space‐dependent functions, that were derived out of the Cauchy‐Navier equation for elastodynamic phenomena, is used to construct reproducing kernel Hilbert spaces. After choosing one of the spaces the corresponding kernel is used to define a function system that serves as a basis for a spline space. We show that under certain conditions there exists a unique interpolating or approximating, respectively, spline in this space with respect to given samples of an unknown function. The name “spline” here refers to its property of minimising a norm among all interpolating functions. Moreover, a convergence theorem and an error estimate relative to the point grid density are derived. As numerical example we investigate the propagation of seismic waves.
Functional brain imaging of trigeminal neuralgia
Authors: Moissetl Xavier , Villainl Nicolas , Ducreuxl Denis , Serriel Alain , Cuninl Gérard , Valadel Dominique , Calvinol Bernard , Bouhassiral Didier 
Published: July 2010

AbstractWe used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to analyze changes in brain activity associated with stimulation of the cutaneous trigger zone in patients with classic trigeminal neuralgia (CTN).Fifteen consecutive patients with CTN in the second or third division of the nerve, were included in this study. The fMRI paradigm consisted of light tactile stimuli of the trigger zone and the homologous contralateral area.Stimulation of the affected side induced pain in seven patients, but was not painful in eight patients on the day of the experiment. Painful stimuli were associated with significantly increased activity in the spinal trigeminal nucleus (SpV), thalamus, primary and secondary somatosensory cortices (S1, S2), anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), insula, premotor/motor cortex, prefrontal areas, putamen, hippocampus and brainstem. Nonpainful stimulation of the trigger zone activated all but three of these structures (SpV, brainstem and ACC). After a successful surgical treatment, activation induced by stimulation of the operated side was confined to S1 and S2.Our data demonstrate the pathological hyperexcitability of the trigeminal nociceptive system, including the second order trigeminal sensory neurons during evoked attacks of CTN. Such sensitization may depend on pain modulatory systems involving both the brainstem (i.e. periaqueductal gray and adjacent structures) and interconnected cortical structures (i.e. ACC). The fact that large portions of the classical ‘pain neuromatrix’ were also activated during nonpainful stimulation of the trigger zone, could reflect a state of maintained sensitization of the trigeminal nociceptive systems in CTN.
Dumm und krank oder schlau und gesund durch die Flimmerkiste?
Authors: Fromm Bettina , Baumann Eva 
Published: July 2010

Einleitung
Die Entwicklungsgeschichte der Medien ist eng verknüpft mit der Thematisierung gesundheitlicher Beeinträchtigungen bei den Rezipienten. Jenseits pauschaler Urteile erfordert die Analyse der Gesundheitsrelevanz des Fernsehens eine differenzierte Betrachtung der medienseitigen Faktoren und der verschiedenen Zuschauergruppen. Angesichts der zunehmenden Bedeutung von Medien in der Gesundheitskommunikation sollten theoretische Ansätze zur Individual- und Medienkommunikation stärker integriert werden.
Ohne Licht kein Schatten – Fehlerkommunikation in den Medien aus ärztlicher Sicht
Authors: Barth Sonja , Jonitz Günther 
Published: July 2010

Einleitung
Die in der Medizin zu Recht geforderte bessere Sicherheitskultur ist in gleichem Maße für die Medien zu fordern. Prävention statt Schuldzuweisung lautet der zentrale Auftrag aller Aktivitäten zur Steigerung der „Patientensicherheit“. Verfolgt wird ein Systemansatz, der sich mit der Gesamtheit an individuellen und organisationsbezogenen Ursachen für Fehler in der Medizin befasst. Eine in diesem Sinne informierte Medienberichterstattung leistet einen wichtigen Beitrag zur Sicherheitskultur.
The Effect of Organisational Culture on Business-To-Business Relationship Management Practice and Performance
Authors: Jarratt Denise , O'Neill Grant 
Published: July 2010

While an individual at an organisational interface can display effective supportive, normative relationship behaviour, it is the shared presence of this normative behaviour within organisations that will support effective relationship management practice and performance outcomes. Organisational culture, and its underpinning values, influences behaviour and expectations of individual managers within a business. Further, it shapes the employees’ shared perceptions of how other organisations should be treated, correct modes of behaviour and basic attitudes towards activities of the business. This research identifies organisational cultural dimensions that underpin successful relationship management practice, and that lead to relationship outcomes of equality, satisfaction and performance. The importance of organisations looking inwards and evaluating their own culture as a critical starting point for relationship development is highlighted.
Consumer Loyalty: Singular, Additive or Interactive?
Authors: East Robert , Gendall Philip , Hammond Kathy , Lomax Wendy 
Published: July 2010

Consumer loyalty may be defined as a singular concept, usually as an attitude toward the loyalty object or as repeatpatronage behaviour; alternatively, the definition may combine attitude and behaviour in either an additive or an interactive expression. We argue that definitions of loyalty are useful if they predict phenomena such as recommendation, search and retention (loyalty outcomes). In three consumer fields, we find that combination measures of customer loyalty often perform poorly as predictors of loyalty outcomes compared with singular measures since recommendation is predicted by attitude but not by repeat patronage, whereas retention and search behaviour are predicted better by repeat patronage than by attitude. We also find that the prediction of loyalty outcomes is not improved by the inclusion of an interaction term in the model. On this evidence, we argue that combination concepts of loyalty are of limited value. Further, we find that there is no form of loyalty that consistently predicts all the different loyalty outcomes and, therefore, we should abandon the idea of a general concept of loyalty.
FINITE GROUPS WHOSE NONCENTRAL COMMUTING ELEMENTS HAVE CENTRALIZERS OF EQUAL SIZE
Authors: DOLFI SILVIO , HERZOG MARCEL , JABARA ENRICO 
Published: July 2010

AbstractA finite group is called a CH-group if for every x,y∈G∖Z(G), xy=yx implies that $\|\cent Gx\| = \|\cent Gy\|$. Applying results of Schmidt [‘Zentralisatorverbände endlicher Gruppen’, Rend. Sem. Mat. Univ. Padova44 (1970), 97–131] and Rebmann [‘F-Gruppen’, Arch. Math. 22 (1971), 225–230] concerning CA-groups and F-groups, the structure of CH-groups is determined, up to that of CH-groups of prime-power order. Upper bounds are found for the derived length of nilpotent and solvable CH-groups.
Sprigge's Ontology of Consciousness
Authors: McHenry Leemon 
Published: July 2010

AbstractTimothy Sprigge advanced an original synthesis of panpsychism and absolute idealism. He argued that consciousness is an irreducible, subjective reality that is only grasped by an introspective, phenomenological approach and constructed his ontology from what is revealed in the phenomenology. In defending the unique place of metaphysics in the pursuit of truth, he claimed that scientific investigation can never discover the essence of consciousness since it can only provide descriptions of structure and function in what we normally think of as physical existence. In this paper I present a critical evaluation of Sprigge's view focusing in particular on his conception of the nature of scientific inquiry vis-à-vis the ambitious project of his metaphysics. I argue that a naturalistic metaphysics provides a more adequate approach to the relation between science and metaphysics.
Is There a Metaphysics of Consciousness Without a Phenomenology of Consciousness? Some Thoughts Derived from Husserl's Philosophical Phenomenology
Authors: Marbach Eduard 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThe paper first addresses Husserl's conception of philosophical phenomenology, metaphysics, and the relation between them, in order to explain why, on Husserl's view, there is no metaphysics of consciousness without a phenomenology of consciousness. In doing so, it recalls some of the methodological tenets of Husserl's phenomenology, pointing out that phenomenology is an eidetic or a priori science which has first of all to do with mere ideal possibilities of consciousness and its correlates; metaphysics of consciousness, on the other hand, has to do with its reality or actuality, requiring an eidetic foundation in order to become scientifically valuable. Presuming that, if consciousness is to be the subject-matter of a metaphysics which is not simply speculative or based on prejudice, it is crucial to get the phenomenology of consciousness right, the paper then engages in a detailed descriptive-eidetic analysis of mental acts of re-presenting something and tries to argue that their structures, involving components of non-actual experiencing, pose a serious problem for a materialistic or physicalistic metaphysics of consciousness. The paper ends with a brief comment on Husserl's broader view of metaphysics, having to do with the irrationality of the transcendental fact, i.e. the constitution of the factual world and the factual life of the mind.
Concessionary Dualism and Physicalism
Authors: Seager William 
Published: July 2010

AbstractModern physicalists frequently offer the generous concession that although dualism is false, it is not a metaphysical impossibility. And it appears that the proper formulation of physicalism allows for this concessionary position. It would be expected that dualists also could accept that while physicalism is false, it too is a metaphysical possibility. I will argue that a careful analysis of physicalism and dualism shows that in fact these concessionary positions cannot be maintained. In particular, the nature of the metaphysical determination relation which holds between matter and mind on both physicalist and dualist views precludes either from allowing that the other is a metaphysical possibility.
Fundamental Singleness: How to Turn the 2nd Paralogism into a Valid Argument
Authors: Strawson Galen 
Published: July 2010

Abstract[1] Experience (i.e. conscious experience) is a real concrete phenomenon. The existence of experience entails the existence of a subject of experience. Therefore subjects of experience are concretely real (or at least one is). [2] The existence of a subject of experience in the lived present or living moment of experience, e.g. the period of time in which the grasping of a thought occurs, provably involves the existence of singleness or unity of an unsurpassably strong kind. The singleness or unity in question is a metaphysically real, concrete entity. So if thoughts, or any experiences at all, really do occur or exist – and they do – then there exist entities that are genuine, concrete, metaphysical unities of an unsurpassable sort. [3] There is a metaphysically irreproachable sense in which we may – must – take these unsurpassable metaphysical unities to be themselves (a) subjects of experience, although we may also take them to be (b) thoughts or experiences. If so, there is a sound argument (using Kantian materials) to the conclusion of the 2nd Paralogism. [4] Perhaps (a) and (b) are not in the final analysis distinct. Perhaps Kant is right, in his 1772 letter to Herz, that ‘the thinking or the existence of the thought and the existence of my own self are one and the same’.