bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hyperoxia during one lung ventilation: Inflammatory and oxidative responses
Authors: Olivant Fisher Alicia , Husain Kamran , Wolfson Marla R. , Hubert Terrence L. , Rodriguez Elena , Shaffer Thomas H. , Theroux Mary C. 
Published: March 2012

AbstractBackgroundIt is common practice during one lung ventilation (OLV) to use 100% oxygen, although this may cause hyperoxia‐ and oxidative stress‐related lung injury. We hypothesized that lower oxygen (FiO2) during OLV will result in less inflammatory and oxidative lung injury and improved lung function.MethodsTwenty pigs (8.88 ± 0.84 kg; 38 ± 4.6 days) were assigned to either the hyperoxia group (n = 10; FiO2 = 100%) or the normoxia group (n = 10; FiO2 < 50%). Both groups were subjected to 3 hr of OLV. Blood samples were tested for pro‐inflammatory cytokines and lung tissue was tested for these cytokines and oxidative biomarkers.ResultsThere were no differences between groups for partial pressure of CO2, tidal volume, end‐tidal CO2, plasma cytokines, or respiratory compliance. Total respiratory resistance was greater in the hyperoxia group (P = 0.02). There were higher levels of TNF‐α, IL‐1β, and IL‐6 in the lung homogenates of the hyperoxia group than in the normoxia group (P ≤ 0.01, 0.001, and 0.001, respectively). Myeloperoxidase and protein carbonyls (PC) were higher (P = 0.03 and P = 0.01, respectively) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) was lower in the lung homogenates of the hyperoxia group (P ≤ 0.001).ConclusionHigher myeloperoxidase, PC, and cytokine levels, and lower SOD availability indicate a greater degree of injury in the lungs of the hyperoxia animals, possibly from using 100% oxygen. In this translational study using a pig model, FiO2 ≤ 50% during OLV reduced hyperoxic injury and improved function in the lungs. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2012. 47:979–986. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Cyanosis when head turned to left in an infant with primary ciliary dyskinesia
Authors: Vermeulen Bas , Haarman Eric , Rammeloo Lukas , Hruda Jaroslav 
Published: March 2012

AbstractA 19‐month‐old boy with primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD), mirror‐image dextrocardia, situs inversus (SI) totalis suffered from persistent hypoxia. Cyanosis became clinically evident when the child turned the head to the left and resolved after turning the head to the right. Echocardiography demonstrated two superior caval veins; the left sided superior vena cava (SVC) entering the left sided right atrium (RA) and the right sided into the right sided left atrium (LA). Surgical redirection of the right sided caval vein into RA was performed. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2013; 48:88–90. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Antibiotic treatment of children with community‐acquired pneumonia: Comparison of penicillin or ampicillin versus cefuroxime
Authors: Dinur‐Schejter Yael , Cohen‐Cymberknoh Malena , Tenenbaum Ariel , Brooks Rebecca , Averbuch Diana , Kharasch Sigmund , Kerem Eitan 
Published: March 2012

AbstractObjectiveAdherence to current guidelines for treatment of non‐complicated community‐acquired pneumonia (CAP) in children, recommending penicillin or ampicillin as first‐line treatment, has been poor. Our objective was to examine whether cefuroxime confers an advantage over penicillin or ampicillin for the treatment of children hospitalized with non‐complicated CAP.Patients and MethodsAll children aged 3 months to 2 years with non‐complicated CAP treated with penicillin or ampicillin or cefuroxime, admitted during 2003–2008, in the Departments of Pediatrics, Hadassah University Medical Center were included. Presenting signs, symptoms, laboratory findings at presentation, clinical parameters including number of days with IV antibiotics, oxygen treatment, length of hospital stay, change of antibiotics, and clinical course 72 hr and 1 week after admission, were compared.ResultsOf the 319 children admitted for non‐complicated CAP, 66 were treated with IV penicillin or ampicillin, 253 with IV cefuroxime. Number of days of IV treatment, days of oxygen requirement, and days of hospitalization were similar (2.36 ± 1.6 days vs. 2.59 ± 1.6 days, 0.31 ± 1.2 days vs. 0.64 ± 1.3 days, and 2.67 ± 1.4 days vs. 2.96 ± 1.7 days, respectively). Treatment failure was not significantly different (7.6% vs. 4.7%). The number of patients who were febrile or required oxygen 72 hr after admission was similar (13.0% vs. 16.5% and 8.7% vs. 20.9%, respectively). One week after admission no difference between the two groups was seen.ConclusionsIn previously healthy children, parenteral penicillin or ampicillin for treatment of non‐complicated CAP in‐hospital is as effective as cefuroxime, and should remain the recommended first‐line therapy. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2013; 48:52–58. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
IFN‐γ and IP‐10 in tracheal aspirates from premature infants: Relationship with bronchopulmonary dysplasia
Authors: Aghai Zubair H. , Saslow Judy G. , Mody Kartik , Eydelman Riva , Bhat Vishwanath , Stahl Gary , Pyon Kee , Bhandari Vineet 
Published: March 2012

AbstractBackgroundInterferon‐gamma (IFN‐γ) and interferon‐inducible protein of 10 kDa (IP‐10) are potent inflammatory mediators and contribute to acute lung injury in adults. Recently, a potential role for IFN‐γ and IP‐10 in the pathogenesis of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) has been reported in animal models.ObjectiveTo study the association between IFN‐γ and IP‐10 in tracheal aspirate (TA) and the development of BPD in premature infants.Design/MethodsTA samples collected within 48 hr after birth from 79 mechanically ventilated premature neonates [gestational age (GA) <30 weeks (w), birth weight (BW) <1,250 g (g)] were analyzed. IFN‐γ was measured in a subgroup of 38 infants by using a biochip multi‐analyte immunoassay. The level of IP‐10 was determined using a commercially available ELISA kit. Total protein in TA was measured by Bradford assay to correct for sampling related dilution. BPD was defined as the need of supplemental oxygen at 36 weeks postmenstrual age (PMA).ResultsTwenty infants (GA 26.4 ± 1.9w, BW 860 ± 201 g) survived without BPD at 36 weeks PMA and 59 infants (GA 25.5 ± 1.5w, BW 751 ± 163 g) died before 36 weeks PMA or developed BPD. The mean IFN‐γ level was higher in infants who died or developed BPD (9.7 ± 2.8 vs. 3.1 ± 1.1 pg/ml, P = 0.03). Similarly, the mean IP‐10 level was higher in infants who died or developed BPD (63.4 ± 17.5 pg/ml) compared to those who survived without BPD (18.5 ± 7.5 pg/ml, P = 0.02).ConclusionsHigher IFN‐γ and IP‐10 levels in TA samples are associated with the development of BPD or death in premature infants. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2013; 48:8–13. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Direct Gravure Printing of Silicon Nanowires Using Entropic Attraction Forces
Authors: Seo Jungmok , Lee Hyonik , Lee Seulah , Lee Tae Il , Myoung Jae‐Min , Lee Taeyoon 
Published: March 2012

AbstractThe development of a method for large‐scale printing of nanowire (NW) arrays onto a desired substrate is crucial for fabricating high‐performance NW‐based electronics. Here, the alignment of highly ordered and dense silicon (Si) NW arrays at anisotropically etched micro‐engraved structures is demonstrated using a simple evaporation process. During evaporation, entropic attraction combined with the internal flow of the NW solution induced the alignment of NWs at the corners of pre‐defined structures, and the assembly characteristics of the NWs were highly dependent on the polarity of the NW solutions. After complete evaporation, the aligned NW arrays are subsequently transferred onto a flexible substrate with 95% selectivity using a direct gravure printing technique. As a proof‐of‐concept, flexible back‐gated NW field‐effect transistors (FETs) are fabricated. The fabricated FETs have an effective hole mobility of 17.1 cm2·V−1·s−1 and an on/off ratio of ∼2.6 × 105.
Topotaxial Fabrication of Vertical AuxAg1–x Nanowire Arrays: Plasmon‐Active in the Blue Region and Corrosion Resistant
Authors: Lee Hyoban , Yoo Youngdong , Kang Taejoon , In Juneho , Seo Min‐Kyo , Kim Bongsoo 
Published: March 2012

AbstractTopotaxial growth of AuxAg1–x alloy nanowires (NWs) by postepitaxial deposition of Ag vapor on Au NWs and investigation of their plasmonic properties are reported. Ag vapor is supplied onto the epitaxially grown Au NWs, topotaxially turning them into AuxAg1–x alloy NWs. The original geometries and alignments of the Au nanostructures are well preserved, while the composition of the alloy NWs is controlled by varying the Ag vapor supply time. The Au0.5Ag0.5 NWs show high surface‐enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) activity comparable to that of Ag NWs as well as highly increased oxidation resistance. The plasmon‐active wavelength range of the Au0.5Ag0.5 NW is significantly extended to the blue region compared to Au NWs. The AuxAg1–x alloy NWs that have plasmonic activity in the blue region in addition to high corrosion resistance will make a superb material for practical plasmonic devices including SERS sensors and optical nanoantennas.
Capacity of distributed antenna network by using single‐carrier frequency domain adaptive antenna array
Authors: Peng Wei , Adachi Fumiyuki 
Published: March 2012

ABSTRACTSingle‐carrier frequency domain adaptive antenna array (SC‐FDAAA) has been proposed and proved in our previous study to be effective in suppressing multiple access interference in a severely frequency selective fading channel. In this paper, we studied the performance of SC‐FDAAA in a distributed antenna network (DAN). To make it clear whether the performance of SC‐FDAAA can benefit from the distributed nature of DAN or not, we made a comparison between DAN and the traditional cellular network, that is, central antenna network. The bit error rate distribution and the system capacity (both link capacity and cellular link capacity) are presented. It is shown that by using the SC‐FDAAA, cellular link capacity is maximized by using single frequency reuse. In addition, the capacity of SC‐FDAAA can also benefit from the distributed nature of DAN. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Identification in closed‐loop operation of models for collective pitch robust controller design
Authors: Iribas‐Latour M. , Landau I‐D. 
Published: March 2012

ABSTRACTTo achieve load reduction and power optimization, wind turbine controllers design requires the availability of reliable control‐oriented linear models. These are needed for model‐based controller design. Model identification of wind turbine while operating in closed loop is an appropriate solution that has recently shown its capabilities when linear time‐invariant controllers and complicated control structures are present. However, the collective pitch control loop, one of the most important wind turbine loops, uses non‐linear controllers. Typically, this non‐linear controller is a combination of a linear controller and a gain scheduling. This paper presents a new algorithm for identification in closed‐loop operation that allows the use of this kind of non‐linear controllers. The algorithm is applied for identification the collective pitch demand to generator speed of a wind turbine at various operating points. The obtained models are presented and discussed from a control point of view. The validity of these models is illustrated by their use for the design of a linear fix robust controller. The performance based on simulation data of this linear controller is similar to that obtained with simulations based on a linear controller with gain scheduling, but its design and implementation is much simpler. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Characterization of the unsteady aerodynamics of offshore floating wind turbines
Authors: Sebastian T. , Lackner M.A. 
Published: March 2012

ABSTRACTLarge‐scale offshore floating wind turbines were first proposed in 1972 by Prof. William E. Heronemus at the University of Massachusetts. Since then, very little progress has been made in the deployment of these systems despite the significant advantages afforded by floating wind turbines, namely access to superior wind resources and increased placement flexibility. Aside from the large capital costs associated with construction, one of the most significant challenges facing offshore floating wind turbines is a limited simulation and load estimation capability. Many wind turbine aerodynamic analysis methods rely on assumptions that may not be applicable to the highly dynamic environment in which floating wind turbines are expected to operate. This study characterizes the unique operating conditions that make aerodynamic analysis of offshore floating wind turbines a challenge. Conditions that may result in unsteady flow are identified, and a method to identify aerodynamically relevant platform modes is presented. Operating conditions that may result in a breakdown of the momentum balance equations are also identified for different platform configurations. It is shown that offshore floating wind turbines are subjected to significant aerodynamic unsteadiness fixed‐bottom offshore turbines. Aerodynamic analysis of offshore floating wind turbines may require the use of higher‐fidelity ‘engineering‐level’ models than commonly in use today. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Level VI Lymph Node Dissection Does Not Decrease Radioiodine Uptake in Patients Undergoing Radioiodine Ablation for Differentiated Thyroid Cancer
Authors: Yoo Don , Ajmal Saad , Gowda Shilpa , Machan Jason , Monchik Jack , Mazzaglia Peter 
Published: March 2012

AbstractBackgroundIn patients with well‐differentiated thyroid cancer, the incidence of pathologic central compartment lymph node metastases is reported to be approximately 50%. Recently level VI lymph node dissection has been advocated as a means of reducing recurrence rates in these patients, even if there are no clinically apparent nodal metastases. This study investigates whether level VI lymph node dissection decreases the percent radioiodine uptake when patients undergo radioiodine ablation.MethodsAll thyroid cancer patients entered into the endocrine surgery database at a tertiary care center from 2006 to 2010 were reviewed. Those treated with radioactive iodine were analyzed with respect to performance of a central compartment lymph node dissection and the percent uptake of radioiodine (131I) on the preablation scan at 72 h.ResultsThere were 277 patients with well‐differentiated thyroid cancer who underwent radioiodine ablation. In all, 75% were female, and the mean age was 47.7 years. A total of 87 patients underwent total thyroidectomy and level VI lymph node dissection (TT + LVIND). The mean number of level VI nodes resected was 6 (1–27), and 60.9% of patients had nodal metastases. Altogether, 190 had a total thyroidectomy (TT) only, and the median number of nodes resected was 0 (0–10). The percent uptake of radioiodine on the preablation scan was 0.93% in patients who had undergone TT + LVIND and 1.2% in those with TT alone (p = 0.17). The median number of radioactive foci noted within the thyroid bed was two in both groups (p = 0.64). The mean preablation thyroglobulin levels, measured after thyroxine withdrawal or thyrogen stimulation, were 4.0 ng/ml in the TT + LVIND group versus 4.7 ng/ml in the TT group (p = 0.07). The average ablative dose of 131I was 111.8 mCi in the dissection group and 98.5 mCi in the TT‐only group.ConclusionsThere is no evidence that uptake of 131I is reduced by performance of a central neck dissection in patients with well‐differentiated thyroid cancer. Preablation thyroglobulin levels were not altered by level VI lymph node dissection.
Fine tuning the transcription of ldhA for d-lactate production
Authors: Zhou Li , Shen Wei , Niu Dan-Dan , Tian Kang-Ming , Prior Bernard A , Shi Gui-Yang , Singh Suren , Wang Zheng-Xiang 
Published: March 2012

Abstract
Fine tuning of the key enzymes to moderate rather than high expression levels could overproduce the desired metabolic products without inhibiting cell growth. The aims of this investigation were to regulate rates of lactate production and cell growth in recombinant Escherichia coli through promoter engineering and to evaluate the transcriptional function of the upstream region of ldhA (encoding fermentative lactate dehydrogenase in E. coli). Twelve ldhA genes with sequentially shortened chromosomal upstream regions were cloned in an ldhA deletion, E. coli CICIM B0013-080C (ack-pta pps pflB dld poxB adhE frdA ldhA). The varied ldhA upstream regions were further analyzed using program NNPP2.2 (Neural Network Promoter Prediction 2.2) to predict the possible promoter regions. Two-phase fermentations (aerobic growth and oxygen-limited production) of these strains showed that shortening the ldhA upstream sequence from 291 to 106 bp successively reduced aerobic lactate synthesis and the inhibition effect on cell growth during the first phase. Simultaneously, oxygen-limited lactate productivity was increased during the second phase. The putative promoter downstream of the −96 site of ldhA could function as a transcriptional promoter or regulator. B0013-080C/pTH-rrnB-ldhA8, with the 72-bp upstream segment of ldhA, could be grown at a high rate and achieve a high oxygen-limited lactate productivity of 1.09 g g−1 h−1. No transcriptional promoting region was apparent downstream of the −61 site of ldhA. We identified the latent transcription regions in the ldhA upstream sequence, which will help to understand regulation of ldhA expression.
Prevalence of symptoms in female Fabry disease patients: a case‐control survey
Authors: Bouwman Machtelt G. , Rombach Saskia M. , Schenk Erica , Sweeb Annelies , Wijburg Frits A. , Hollak Carla E. M. , Linthorst Gabor E. 
Published: March 2012

AbstractBackgroundFabry disease (FD) is an X‐linked lysosomal storage disorder, caused by a deficiency of α‐galactosidase A. Several studies demonstrated that heterozygotes have symptoms such as acroparesthesia, abdominal pain and chronic fatigue. However, as these symptoms are aspecific and relatively common in the general population, it is important to compare the prevalence of these symptoms with an appropriate control group. The aim of this study was to explore the prevalence of signs and symptoms in FD females in comparison to a control group.MethodsFD females and age‐matched controls were approached to complete a questionnaire. This questionnaire was developed by the Dutch Fabry patient organisation (Fabry Support en Informatie Groep Nederland, FSIGN) with input from Fabry expert‐physicians from the AMC. We compared the prevalence symptoms using Pearson's chi‐square test. Bonferroni correction was used to correct for multiple comparisons.ResultsA total of 63 heterozygotes and 52 controls completed the questionnaire. Many symptoms were also common in controls. Yet, fatigue, palpitations, pains in hands and feet, joint pain, dizziness, loss of libido and proteinuria during pregnancy were more common in Fabry females (all p < 0.001).ConclusionIn addition to acroparesthesia – fatigue, palpitations, dizziness, proteinuria during pregnancy, libido loss and joint pain are more prevalent in FD females as compared to a control group. Although, these symptoms are present in a significant proportion of normal controls they deserve further attention by treating physicians to better understand their significance, treatment and relationship with FD.
Beta‐Glucosylceramide Administration (i.p.) Activates Natural Killer T cells In Vivo and Prevents Tumor Metastasis in Mice
Authors: Inafuku Masashi , Li Changchun , Kanda Yasuhiro , Kawamura Toshihiko , Takeda Kazuyoshi , Oku Hirosuke , Watanabe Hisami 
Published: March 2012

AbstractNatural killer (NK) T cells are well known to play important roles in both tumor rejection and the defense against infectious. Therefore, the antitumor potential of NKT cell‐activating antigens have been the focus for the development of NKT cell‐based immunotherapies. Up to now, several studies have revealed that the administrations of glycolipids (e.g. α‐galactosylceramide) can successfully treat certain metastatic tumors. However, liver injuries appeared upon the application of these antigens. We previously examined the potential of using β‐glucosylceramide (β‐GlcCer) to inhibit tumor metastasis to the liver. The aim of this study was to determine the antimetastatic effects of β‐GlcCer and its impact on the activation of NKT cells. Intraperitoneal administration of β‐GlcCer enhanced the production of interferon‐γ from hepatic lymphocytes containing NKT cells, and increased the cytotoxicity of hepatic lymphocytes against tumor cells. Moreover, β‐GlcCer administration suppressed the hepatic metastasis of tumors in wild type (WT) mice, but not in CD1d−/− or Jα18−/− mice. The drawback associated with the other glycolipids in liver injury was not noted in WT mice treated with the continuous daily administration of β‐GlcCer for 2 weeks. The present study demonstrated that β‐GlcCer treatment activates invariant NKT cells, thus resulting in the inhibition of tumor metastasis.
Effects of Monoacylglycerols on the Cold Flow Properties of Biodiesel
Authors: Dunn Robert O. 
Published: March 2012

AbstractBiodiesel is a renewable alternative fuel made from plant oils and animal fats that may be burned in a compression–ignition (diesel) engine. It is composed of mono‐alkyl fatty acid esters made from plant oils or animal fats mainly by transesterification with methanol or ethanol. This process leaves behind small concentrations of minor constituents including monoacylglycerols (MAG). Saturated MAG have low solubility in biodiesel and may form solid residues during storage in cold weather. Soybean oil‐fatty acid methyl esters (SME) were mixed with up to 1.0 mass% MAG to evaluate the effects on cloud point (CP), freezing point (FP), cold filter plugging point (CFPP), and wax appearance point (WAP). Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) results showed that MAG with only 27.6 mass% total long chain (C16–C18) saturated fatty acid content had melting transitions between 54 and 59.0 °C. Furthermore, DSC analysis indicated that pure monoolein may be problematic with respect to melting transitions between 25.4 and 33.4 °C. Solubility data for SME–MAG mixtures indicated a broad transition temperature range from solid at low temperature to liquid at temperatures exceeding 60 °C. Increasing the added MAG content from 0.10 to 1.0 mass% increased both CP and FP. Cold filter plugging point demonstrated higher sensitivity than CP or FP at added MAG content below 0.10 mass%, though it was not affected by increasing MAG concentration above 0.50 mass%. Wax appearance point showed no effects until added MAG content exceeded 0.25 mass%. Kinematic viscosity measured at 5 °C similarly showed no effects until added MAG concentration exceeded 0.20 mass%. Specific gravity at 15.6 °C and refractive index at 25 °C were not greatly affected by added MAG except at concentrations greater than 0.10 mass%.