bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
New electric‐shock job exposure matrix
Authors: Vergara Ximena P. , Kheifets Leeka , Silva Michael , Bracken T. Dan , Yost Michael 
Published: November 2011

AbstractBackgroundTo evaluate a consistent association between jobs in “electric” occupations and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), a comprehensive job exposure matrix (JEM) that includes electric shocks and magnetic fields (MF) is needed.MethodsWe used incident electric shocks and electrocutions from two available data sources along with expert judgment to create a JEM that was integrated into an existing MF JEM. The final JEM contained ordinal electric‐shock exposure assignments for 501 job titles.ResultsMain occupational groups experiencing the electric shocks were precision production, craft, and repair occupations. Specific jobs with the highest proportion of shocks per 100,000 workers were: electrical apprentices (99.7), mechanic and repairer helpers (74.0), hoist and winch operators (63.3), and electrical power installers (52.4). Examples of job titles with low electric‐shock exposures were administrative support occupations, data‐key entry operators, and waiters and waitresses.ConclusionsCombining publicly available data with an expert panel is a viable method to construct an electric‐shock MF JEM. This JEM will allow an evaluation of association between electric shocks and neurodegenerative diseases. Am. J. Ind. Med. 55:232–240, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Predictors of early cessation of dairy farming in the French Doubs province: 12‐year follow‐up
Authors: Mounchetrou Ibrahim Njoya , Monnet Elisabeth , Laplante Jean‐Jacques , Dalphin Jean‐Charles , Thaon Isabelle 
Published: November 2011

AbstractBackgroundA healthy worker effect due to respiratory disability has been noted in the farming population, but other factors may also interfere. Little has been published about factors influencing the early cessation of work in self‐employed dairy farmers.MethodsTwo hundred and nineteen dairy farmers were included from a cohort constituted in eastern France in 1993–1994 with a 12‐year follow‐up. Spirometric data, personal, and farm characteristics were registered. Cox models with delayed entry in which age was the time‐scale were applied to identify the baseline predictive factors of the early cessation of dairy farming.ResultsWorking in a modern farm was protective against early cessation of dairy farming (hazard ratio: 0.36 [95% CI: 0.16–0.81]), especially in men. Having asthma was a predictive factor of early cessation, especially in women (hazard ratio: 16.12 [95% CI: 3.28–79.12]).ConclusionsThe most predictive factors of early cessation of dairy farming were health related in women and farm related in men. Am. J. Ind. Med. 55:136–142, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Detection of a novel FH whole gene deletion in the propositus leading to subsequent prenatal diagnosis in a sibship with fumarase deficiency
Authors: Mroch Amelia R. , Laudenschlager Mark , Flanagan Jason D. 
Published: November 2011

AbstractFumarase deficiency is a rare autosomal recessive metabolic condition. We report on a sibship with molecularly confirmed fumarase deficiency. Prenatal findings included agenesis of the corpus callosum, ventriculomegaly, and ventriculoseptal defect. The postnatal course was significant for metabolic acidosis ultimately leading to death around 3 weeks of age. Postmortem findings were noted including swollen mitochondria with abnormal cristae on electron microscopy within the liver. Molecular testing revealed a novel whole gene deletion in conjunction with a point mutation. While the point mutation has been previously reported, the detection of a whole gene deletion has not been described to date in an individual with fumarase deficiency. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Identification and characterization of a complex pure mosaic of small supernumerary marker chromosomes involving 11p11.12 → q12.1 and 19p12 → q12 regions in a child featuring multiple congenital anomalies
Authors: Fei Xiang , Qi Manlong , Zhao Yanyan , Li‐Ling Jesse 
Published: November 2011

AbstractUnstable, gene‐rich pericentric regions have been associated with various structural aberrations including small supernumerary marker chromosomes (sSMCs). We hereby report on a complex pure mosaic sSMCs derived from chromosomes 11 and 19 in a child featuring multiple congenital anomalies. As indicated by microarray analysis, the sSMCs have involved materials from 11p11.12 → q12.1 and 19p12 → q12 in complex forms (with four cell lines harboring from 1 to 4 sSMCs) in all peripheral blood lymphocytes. The patient featured facial dysmorphism, generalized hypotonia, cryptorchidism, transverse palmar creases, cerebral hemorrhage, atrial septal defect secundum, strabismus, epilepsy, immunodeficiency, and severe cognitive and motor impairment. Literature review indicated this to be a unique sSMCs case simultaneously involving chromosomes 11 and 19, with one sSMC containing materials from the both chromosomes. We propose that the involved chromosomal regions may contain dosage‐sensitive genes which are important for the development, and that the sSMCs derived from multiple origins have formed by a complex mechanism. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Robust estimation for the Cox regression model based on trimming
Authors: Farcomeni Alessio , Viviani Sara 
Published: November 2011

AbstractWe propose a robust Cox regression model with outliers. The model is fit by trimming the smallest contributions to the partial likelihood. To do so, we implement a Metropolis‐type maximization routine, and show its convergence to a global optimum. We discuss global robustness properties of the approach, which is illustrated and compared through simulations. We finally fit the model on an original and on a benchmark data set.
Nonparametric Bayesian estimation of the three‐way receiver operating characteristic surface
Authors: Inácio Vanda , Turkman Antónia A. , Nakas Christos T. , Alonzo Todd A. 
Published: November 2011

AbstractWe describe a nonparametric Bayesian approach for estimating the three‐way ROC surface based on mixtures of finite Polya trees (MFPT) priors. Mixtures of finite Polya trees are robust models that can handle nonstandard features in the data. We address the difficulties in modeling continuous diagnostic data with skewness, multimodality, or other nonstandard features, and how parametric approaches can lead to misleading results in such cases. Robust, data‐driven inference for the ROC surface and for the volume under the ROC surface is obtained. A simulation study is performed to assess the performance of the proposed method. Methods are applied to data from a magnetic resonance spectroscopy study on human immunodeficiency virus patients.
Airlift column photobioreactors for Porphyridium sp. culturing: Part II. verification of dynamic growth rate model for reactor performance evaluation
Authors: Luo Hu‐Ping , Al‐Dahhan Muthanna H. 
Published: November 2011

AbstractDynamic growth rate model has been developed to quantify the impact of hydrodynamics on the growth of photosynthetic microorganisms and to predict the photobioreactor performance. Rigorous verification of such reactor models, however, is rare in the literature. In this part of work, verification of a dynamic growth rate model developed in Luo and Al‐Dahhan (2004) [Biotech Bioeng 85(4): 382–393.] was attempted using the experimental results reported in Part I of this work and results from literature. The irradiance distribution inside the studied reactor was also measured at different optical densities and successfully correlated by the Lambert–Beer Law. When reliable hydrodynamic data were used, the dynamic growth rate model successfully predicted the algae's growth rate obtained in the experiments in both low and high irradiance regime indicating the robustness of this model. The simulation results also indicate the hydrodynamics is significantly different between the real algae culturing system and an air‐water system that signifies the importance in using reliable data input for the growth rate model. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2012; 109:942–949. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Tumour-related factors and prognosis in breast cancer detected by screening
Authors: Olsson Å , Borgquist S , Butt S , Zackrisson S , Landberg G , Manjer J 
Published: November 2011

Abstract

Background
Breast cancer detected by screening has an unexplained prognostic advantage beyond stage shift compared with cancers detected clinically. The aim was to investigate biological factors in invasive breast cancer, with reference to mode of detection and rate of death from breast cancer.

Methods
Histology, oestrogen receptor α and β, progesterone receptor, human epidermal growth factor receptor (HER) 2, cyclin D1, p27, Ki-67 and perinodal growth were analysed in 466 tumours from a prospective cohort, the Malmö Diet and Cancer Study. Using logistic regression, odds ratios were calculated to investigate the relationship between tumour characteristics and mode of detection. The same tumour factors were analysed in relation to standard prognostic features. Death from breast cancer was analysed using Cox regression with adjustments for standard tumour factors; differences following adjustment were analysed by means of Freedman statistics.

Results
None of the biological tumour characteristics varied with mode of detection of breast cancer. After adjustment for age, tumour size, axillary lymph node involvement (ALNI) and grade, women with cancer detected clinically had an increased risk of death from breast cancer (hazard ratio 2·48, 95 per cent confidence interval 1·34 to 4·59), corresponding to a 37·2 per cent difference compared with the unadjusted model. Additional adjustment for biological tumour factors studied caused only minor changes.

Conclusion
None of the biological tumour markers investigated explained the improved prognosis in breast cancer detected by screening. None of the factors was related to ALNI, suggesting that other mechanisms may be responsible for tumour spread. Copyright © 2011 British Journal of Surgery Society Ltd. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A Method for Deriving Explicit Binary Isotherms Obeying the Ideal Adsorbed Solution Theory
Authors: Tarafder A. , Mazzotti M. 
Published: November 2011

AbstractA method to derive explicit binary isotherms following the ideal adsorbed solution (IAS) theory is proposed. The method is applicable to any pair of single‐component isotherms, as long as they fulfill a set of conditions, as described in this report. Examples of some isotherms fulfilling such conditions are: Langmuir, anti‐Langmuir, Brunauer‐Emmett‐Teller (BET), and quadratic. Following the method proposed in this report, three previously unreported explicit binary isotherms, quadratic‐BET, quadratic‐Langmuir, and quadratic‐anti‐Langmuir, while following the IAS framework, could be derived. This work presents the method and the binary isotherms derived through this method.
Binap–Gold(I) versus Binap–Silver Trifluoroacetate Complexes as Catalysts in 1,3‐Dipolar Cycloadditions of Azomethine Ylides
Authors: Martín‐Rodríguez María , Nájera Carmen , Sansano José M. , de Cózar Abel , Cossío Fernando P. 
Published: November 2011

AbstractThe 1,3‐dipolar cycloaddition between azomethine ylides and alkenes is efficiently catalysed by [{(Sa)‐Binap‐Au(tfa)}2] (Binap=2,2′‐bis(diphenylphosphino)‐1,1′‐binaphthyl; tfa=trifluoroacetyl). Maleimides, 1,2‐bis(phenylsulfonyl)ethylene, chalcone and nitrostyrene were suitable dipolarophiles even when using sterically hindered 1,3‐dipole precursors. The results obtained in these transformations improve the analogous ones obtained in the same reactions catalysed by [Binap–Ag(tfa)]. In addition, computational studies have also been carried out to demonstrate both the high enantioselectivity exhibited by the chiral gold(I) complex, and the non‐linear effect observed in this transformation.
Surface‐Functionalized Ionic Liquid Crystal–Supported Ionic Liquid Phase Materials: Ionic Liquid Crystals in Mesopores
Authors: Kohler Florian T. U. , Morain Bruno , Weiß Alexander , Laurin Mathias , Libuda Jörg , Wagner Valentin , Melcher Berthold U. , Wang Xinjiao , Meyer Karsten , Wasserscheid Peter 
Published: November 2011

AbstractThe influence of confinement on the ionic liquid crystal (ILC) [C18C1Im][OTf] is studied using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), polarized optical microscopy (POM), and diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy (DRIFTS). The ILC studied is supported on Si‐based powders and glasses with pore sizes ranging from 11 to 50 nm. The temperature of the solid‐to‐liquid‐crystalline phase transition seems mostly unaffected by the confinement, whereas the temperature of the liquid‐crystalline‐to‐liquid phase transition is depressed for smaller pore sizes. A contact layer with a thickness in the order of 2 nm is identified. The contact layer exhibits a phase transition at a temperature 30 K lower than the solid‐to‐liquid‐crystalline phase transition observed for the neat ILC. For applications within the “supported ionic liquid phase (SILP)” concept, the experiments show that in pores of diameter 50 nm a pore filling of α>0.4 is sufficient to reproduce the phase transitions of the neat ILC.
Synthesis of Silyl–Molybdenum Complexes Connected by a 1,1′‐Metallocenylene Unit and Their Electrochemical Properties
Authors: Itazaki Masumi , Ichimura Akio , Nakazawa Hiroshi 
Published: November 2011

AbstractMethyl–molybdenum complexes react with hydrosilanes or hydrogermane under photo‐irradiation to form the corresponding silyl– or germyl–molybdenum complexes, [(η5‐C5Me5)Mo(CO)3(ER3)] [ER3 = SiPh3 (1), GePh3 (2), SiMe2Ph (3), SiMe2(C5H4FeC5H5) (4)]. This method can be adapted to form metallocenylene compounds that bear two dimethylsilyl groups, [{(η5‐C5Me5)Mo(CO)3(SiMe2C5H4)}2M] [M = Fe (5), Ru (6)]. All of the new complexes were fully characterized by means of 1H and 13C{1H} NMR spectroscopy and elemental analyses. In addition, the structures of 1, 5, and 6 were determined by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction studies. The electrochemical measurements of the ferrocene derivatives that bear one or two {(η5‐C5Me5)Mo(CO)3(SiMe2)} substituent(s) revealed that the {(η5‐C5Me5)Mo(CO)3(SiMe2)} unit has an electron‐donating nature.
Stereoselectivity in (Z)‐Vinylmetal Additions to the Dictyostatin C1–C9 β‐Silyloxy Aldehyde
Authors: Ambrosi Andrea , Pignataro Luca , Zanato Chiara , Gennari Cesare 
Published: November 2011

Abstract(Z)‐Vinyl iodides 6a–d were synthesized in high yield with good diastereo‐ and enantioselectivity using a Marshall–Tamaru, Pd‐catalyzed allenylzinc reaction as the key step. The addition of 6a–d to the dictyostatin C1–C9 β‐silyloxy aldehyde 5 was carried out through the vinyllithium and lithium vinylzincate routes. The lithium vinylzincate additions always proceeded in higher yields and gave fewer side products than the corresponding vinyllithium additions. The configuration of the newly created C9 stereocenter was assigned through Rychnovsky's acetonide 13C NMR method. The diastereoselectivity in this particular type of (Z)‐vinylmetal addition reaction appears to be controlled by a subtle balance between the intrinsic stereochemical preference of the β‐silyloxy aldehyde (1,3‐anti‐selective) and that of the chiral lithium (Z)‐vinylzincates. The latter becomes more influential with increasing stereochemical complexity, that is, passing from a stereodyad (6a,6b) to a stereotriad (6c,6d).
The Correlation of Lewis Acidities of Silyl Triflates with Reaction Rates of Catalyzed Diels–Alder Reactions
Authors: Hilt Gerhard , Nödling Alexander 
Published: November 2011

AbstractThe Lewis acidity of various silyl triflates was quantified by utilizing [D5]pyridine as a 2H NMR spectroscopy probe. The chemical shifts of the 2H NMR signals for pyridine–silyl adducts are reported. The rate constants of silyl triflate catalyzed Diels–Alder reactions were determined by using UV/Vis spectroscopy. A correlation of the magnitude of the 2H NMR chemical shifts with the rate constants for most silyl triflates investigated was observed, but Me3SiOTf exhibits a surprisingly large deviation. Control experiments indicate that proton catalysis of the Diels–Alder reaction can be excluded.
Preparation of Chiral Multifunctional Thiourea–Phosphanes and Synthesis of Chiral Allylic Phosphites and Phosphane Oxides through Asymmetric Allylic Substitution Reactions of Morita–Baylis–Hillman Carbonates
Authors: Deng Hong‐Ping , Shi Min 
Published: November 2011

AbstractWe developed a synthetic method to prepare chiral multifunctional thiourea–phosphane catalysts for the asymmetric allylic substitution reaction of Morita–Baylis–Hillman carbonates with diphenyl phosphite or diphenylphosphane oxide to give allylic phosphites and allylic phosphane oxides in high yields with excellent enantioselectivity.
Synthesis of 4‐Hydroxy‐2‐oxazolidinones Catalyzed by Tin Alkoxides
Authors: Kojima Ryota , Sawamoto Satoshi , Okamura Aritomo , Takahashi Hiroki , Tsunoi Shinji , Shibata Ikuya 
Published: November 2011

AbstractSynthesis of 4‐hydroxy‐2‐oxazolidinone derivatives was accomplished from the reaction of α‐hydroxy ketones with isocyanates in the presence of a catalytic amount of a tin alkoxide. The reactions proceeded under mild conditions and are highly atom economical.
Integrated ecological risk assessment of pesticides in tropical ecosystems: A case study with carbofuran in Brazil
Authors: Chelinho Sónia , Lopes Isabel , Natal-da-Luz Tiago , Domene Xaxier , Tenorio Nunes Maria Edna , Espíndola Evaldo L.G. , Ribeiro Rui , Sousa Jose P. 
Published: November 2011

Abstract
The aim of the present study is to contribute an ecologically relevant assessment of the ecotoxicological effects of pesticide applications in agricultural areas in the tropics, using an integrated approach with information gathered from soil and aquatic compartments. Carbofuran, an insecticide/nematicide used widely on sugarcane crops, was selected as a model substance. To evaluate the toxic effects of pesticide spraying for soil biota, as well as the potential indirect effects on aquatic biota resulting from surface runoff and/or leaching, field and laboratory (using a cost-effective simulator of pesticide applications) trials were performed. Standard ecotoxicological tests were performed with soil (Eisenia andrei, Folsomia candida, and Enchytraeus crypticus) and aquatic (Ceriodaphnia silvestrii) organisms, using serial dilutions of soil, eluate, leachate, and runoff samples. Among soil organisms, sensitivity was found to be E. crypticus &lt; E. andrei &lt; F. candida. Among the aqueous extracts, mortality of C. silvestrii was extreme in runoff samples, whereas eluates were by far the least toxic samples. A generally higher toxicity was found in the bioassays performed with samples from the field trial, indicating the need for improvements in the laboratory simulator. However, the tool developed proved to be valuable in evaluating the toxic effects of pesticide spraying in soils and the potential risks for aquatic compartments. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2012;31:437–445. © 2011 SETAC
A randomized, crossover, placebo‐ and moxifloxacin‐controlled study to evaluate the effects of bosutinib (SKI‐606), a dual Src/Abl tyrosine kinase inhibitor, on cardiac repolarization in healthy adult subjects
Authors: Abbas Richat , Hug Bruce A. , Leister Cathie , Sonnichsen Daryl 
Published: November 2011

AbstractEffects of therapeutic and supratherapeutic concentrations of bosutinib, a dual Src/Abl tyrosine kinase inhibitor, on the corrected QT interval (QTc) in 60 healthy adults were assessed, according to ICH‐E14 guidelines, in this 2‐part, randomized, single‐dose, double‐blind, crossover, placebo‐ and open‐label moxifloxacin‐controlled study. Subjects received placebo, moxifloxacin and bosutinib 500 mg with food (therapeutic) in Part 1. In Part 2, subjects received placebo and bosutinib 500 mg plus ketoconazole (supratherapeutic). ANOVA compared baseline‐adjusted QTc for bosutinib with placebo; and bosutinib plus ketoconazole with placebo plus ketoconazole. Primary endpoint was population‐specific QT correction (QTcN). Secondary endpoints were Bazett QT correction (QTcB), Fridericia's formula QT correction (QTcF) and individual QT correction (QTcI). Upper bounds for 90% confidence intervals were <10 msec for the mean change in QTcN from placebo at all postdose time points, suggesting that mean therapeutic exposures (Cmax, 114 ng/mL; AUC, 2,330 ng·h/mL) and mean supratherapeutic exposures (Cmax, 326 ng/mL; AUC, 15,200 ng·h/mL) were not associated with QTc changes. Similar results were obtained for QTcB, QTcF and QTcI. No clinically relevant pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic relationship was observed between bosutinib concentrations and QTc. No subjects had QTcB, QTcF, QTcI or QTcN >450 msec or change from baseline >30 msec. In summary, therapeutic and supratherapeutic bosutinib exposures are not associated with QTc prolongation in healthy adults.
Optimization of b value in diffusion‐weighted MRI for characterization of benign and malignant gynecological lesions
Authors: Koc Zafer , Erbay Gurcan , Ulusan Serife , Seydaoglu Gulsah , Aka‐Bolat Filiz 
Published: November 2011

AbstractPurpose:To explore the optimal b value in diffusion‐weighted (DW)‐MRI for differentiation of benign and malignant gynecological lesions.Materials and Methods:Consecutive 58 patients (66 lesions) with pathologically confirmed diagnosis of gynecological disease were included in the study. Routine pelvic MRI sequences were used for defining the lesions and reviewed independently for benignity/ malignity. Single‐shot echoplanar imaging (SH‐EPI) DW‐MRI with eight b values and nine apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) maps were obtained. The lesions were analyzed qualitatively on DW‐MRI for benignity/malignity on a five‐point‐scale and quantitatively by measurement of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was used to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of ADC values for differentiating between benign and malignant lesions. Pathology results were the reference standard.Results:Differentiation between benign and malignant gynecological lesions using visual scoring was found to be successful with b values of 600, 800, or 1000 s/mm2. The mean ADC values of malignant lesions were significantly lower than those of benign lesions for all b value (P < 0.005). The ADCs with b = 0 and 600, 0 and 1000 s/mm2, 0, 600, 800 and 1000 s/mm2, and all b values were more effective for distinguishing malignant from benign gynecological lesions (Az = 0.851, 0.847, 0.848, 0.849, respectively). Using ADC with b = 0, 600, 800, and 1000 s/mm2, a threshold value of 1.20 × 10−3 mm2/s permitted this distinction with a sensitivity of 83%, a specificity of 81%.Conclusion:DW‐MRI is an important method, and the optimal b values are between 600 and 1000 s/mm2 for differentiation between benign and malignant gynecological lesions. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2012;35:650‐659. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.