bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Protective role of palmitoylethanolamide in contact allergic dermatitis
Authors: Petrosino S. , Cristino L. , Karsak M. , Gaffal E. , Ueda N. , Tüting T. , Bisogno T. , De Filippis D. , D’Amico A. , Saturnino C. , Orlando P. , Zimmer A. , Iuvone T. , Di Marzo V. 
Published: November 2009

To cite this article:Petrosino S, Cristino L, Karsak M, Gaffal E, Ueda N, Tüting T, Bisogno T, De Filippis D, D’Amico A, Saturnino C, Orlando P, Zimmer A, Iuvone T, Di Marzo V. Protective role of palmitoylethanolamide in contact allergic dermatitis.Allergy2010;65: 698–711.AbstractBackground: Palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) is an anti‐inflammatory mediator that enhances the activation by anandamide (AEA) of cannabinoid receptors and transient receptor potential vanilloid type‐1 (TRPV1) channels, and directly activates peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor‐α (PPAR‐α). In mice, 2,4‐dinitrofluorobenzene (DNFB)‐induced contact allergic dermatitis (CAD) in inflamed ears is partly mediated by the chemokine Monocyte Chemotactic Protein‐2 (MCP‐2) and accompanied by elevation of AEA levels. No datum is available on PEA regulation and role in CAD.Objective: We examined whether PEA is produced during DNFB‐induced CAD, and if it has any direct protective action in keratinocytesin vitro.Methods: Eight‐ to ten‐week‐old female C57BL/6J wild‐type and CB1/CB2double knock‐out mice were used to measure PEA levels and the expression of TRPV1, PPAR‐α receptors and enzymes responsible for PEA biosynthesis and degradation. Human keratinocytes (HaCaT) cells were stimulated with polyinosinic polycytidylic acid [poly‐(I:C)], and the expression and release of MCP‐2 were measured in the presence of PEA and antagonists of its proposed receptors.Results: 2,4‐Dinitrofluorobenzene increased ear skin PEA levels and up‐regulated TRPV1, PPAR‐α and a PEA‐biosynthesizing enzyme in ear keratinocytes. In HaCaT cells, stimulation with poly‐(I:C) elevated the levels of both PEA and AEA, and exogenous PEA (10 μM) inhibited poly‐(I:C)‐induced expression and release of MCP‐2 in a way reversed by antagonism at TRPV1, but not PPAR‐α. PEA (5–10 mg/kg, intraperitoneal) also inhibited DNFB‐induced ear inflammation in micein vivo, in a way attenuated by TRPV1 antagonism.Conclusions: We suggest that PEA is an endogenous protective agent against DNFB‐induced keratinocyte inflammation and could be considered for therapeutic use against CAD.
SMARCB1/INI1 maternal germ line mosaicism in schwannomatosis
Authors: Hulsebos TJM , Kenter SB , Jakobs ME , Baas F , Chong B , Delatycki MB 
Published: November 2009

Hulsebos TJM, Kenter SB, Jakobs ME, Baas F, Chong B and Delatycki MB. SMARCB1/INI1 maternal germ line mosaicism in schwannomatosis.Schwannomatosis is characterized by the development of multiple schwannomas of the nervous system, but without the occurrence of vestibular schwannomas. Most cases of schwannomatosis are thought to be sporadic, representing the first case in a family due to a new mutation in the causative gene. We recently identified SMARCB1/INI1 as a schwannomatosis‐predisposing gene. Here, we analyzed this gene in a schwannomatosis family with two affected children, but with clinically unaffected parents. Both affected individuals carried a constitutional SMARCB1 mutation, c.1118+ 1G>A, that changes the donor splice site sequence of intron 8, causing skipping of exon 8 and resulting in the in‐frame deletion of 132 nucleotides in the transcript. The mutation was not evident in constitutional DNA of the parents. Haplotyping revealed that the chromosome 22 segment that carries the mutant SMARCB1 allele originated from the mother. She transferred the same chromosome 22 segment, however, with a wild‐type SMARCB1 copy, to a third unaffected child. Our findings indicate that the mother is germ line mosaic for the SMARCB1 mutation. In conclusion, our study shows for the first time that germ line mosaicism may occur in schwannomatosis, which has implications for genetic counseling in this disease.
BRCA1 5272‐1G>A and BRCA2 5374delTATG are founder mutations of high relevance for genetic counselling in breast/ovarian cancer families of Spanish origin
Authors: Infante M , Durán M , Acedo A , Pérez‐Cabornero L , Sanz DJ , García‐González M , Beristain E , Esteban‐Cardeñosa E , De La Hoya M , Teulé A , Vega A , Tejada M‐I , Lastra E , Miner C , Velasco EA 
Published: November 2009

Infante M, Durán M, Acedo A, Pérez‐Cabornero L, Sanz DJ, García‐González M, Beristain E, Esteban‐Cardeñosa E, de la Hoya M, Teulé A, Vega A, Tejada M‐I, Lastra E, Miner C, Velasco EA. BRCA1 5272‐1G>A and BRCA2 5374delTATG are founder mutations of high relevance for genetic counselling in breast/ovarian cancer families of Spanish origin.The distribution of BRCA1 and BRCA2 germ line mutations in breast/ovarian cancer families varies among different populations, which typically present a wide spectrum of unique mutations. Splicing mutation 5272‐1G>A of BRCA1 and frameshift mutation 5374delTATG of BRCA2 are highly prevalent mutations in Castilla‐León (Spain), accounting for 18.4% and 13.6% of BRCA1 and BRCA2 positive families, respectively. To test the presence of founder effects, 9 Spanish 5272‐1G>A and 13 5374delTATG families were genotyped with polymorphic markers linked to BRCA1 or BRCA2. All the 5272‐1G>A families shared a common haplotype in eight markers (1.1 Mb region) and the mutation age was estimated in 15 generations (∼380 years). A conserved haplotype associated to 5374delTATG was observed in four markers (0.82 Mb). The mutation occurred approximately 48 generations ago (∼1200 years). Each mutation likely arose from a common ancestor that could be traced to a small area of Castilla‐León and expanded to other Spanish regions. They can have a significant impact on the clinical management of asymptomatic carriers as well as on the genetic screening strategy to be followed in populations with Spanish ancestries.
Critical care management of potential organ donors: our current standard
Authors: Dictus C. , Vienenkoetter B. , Esmaeilzadeh M. , Unterberg A. , Ahmadi R. 
Published: November 2009

Abstract: Caring for a brain dead potential organ donor requires a shift in critical care from the extensive treatment of increased intracranial pressure towards strategies to maintain donor organ function. Suboptimal, unstandardized critical care management of organ donors, however, is one of the main reasons for insufficient organ procurement. The pathophysiological changes following brain death entail a high incidence of complications including hemodynamic instability, endocrine and metabolic disturbances, and disruption of internal homeostasis that jeopardize potentially transplantable organs. Strategies for the management of organ donors exist and consist of the normalization of donor physiology. This has resulted in standardized efforts to improve the critical care delivered to potential organ donors, increasing not only the number, but also the quality of suitable organs and aiming at an optimal outcome for the recipients. In this review, we discuss the pathophysiological changes associated with brain death and present the current guidelines at our department, which are optimized based on available literature.
Regulatory T cells and tolerance induction
Authors: Fritzsching Eva , Kunz Pierre , Maurer Birgitta , Pöschl Johannes , Fritzsching Benedikt 
Published: November 2009

Abstract: Transplantation tolerance is the ultimate goal of organ transplantation. Natural regulatory T cells (Treg) have been expected to reach clinical applications for tolerance induction because their initial description. More than ten yr later, Treg have started moving from experimental animal models into clinical applications. Although the molecular mechanism of contact‐dependent inhibition remains to be unraveled, alterations of Treg numbers have been shown in several human diseases: Whereas several autoimmune diseases have been reported to be associated with decreased Treg numbers, Treg are frequently accumulated in solid tumors and hematologic malignancies. Monitoring of Treg numbers could be instrumental in identifying patients with risk of graft failure and might help minimizing immunosuppressive therapy in transplant recipients. Molecular mechanisms of Treg proliferation and Treg elimination such as CD95 ligand (CD95L)‐mediated apoptosis are currently explored for their clinical usability as therapeutical targets. Immunosuppressive drugs might modulate the number of Tregs. Expansion of the Treg numbers in vivo or in vitro resembles a novel therapeutical strategy to reach partial or even operational tolerance after organ transplantation.
AEB071 – a promising immunosuppressive agent
Authors: Sommerer Claudia , Zeier Martin 
Published: November 2009

Abstract: In the past decades, allograft survival improved because of the development of new and more specific immunosuppressive agents. The introduction of calcineurin inhibitors was a landmark and acute rejection in organ transplantation decreased remarkably. Calcineurin inhibitor such as ciclosporin A inhibits T‐cell activation by interfering with the cytosolic protein cyclophilin (immunophilin). This complex of ciclosporin and cyclophilin inhibits calcineurin, which is responsible for activating the transcription of interleukin‐2. More recent research revealed a second pathway for T‐cell activation, which is mediated by a specific protein kinase C., e.g., protein kinase C θ. AEB071 represents a selective protein kinase C inhibitor with promising potential for immunosuppression in organ transplantation. In pre‐clinical studies, AEB071 prolonged allograft survival in kidney and heart transplant models. In human clinical studies, AEB071 reduced severity of psoriasis symptoms and has shown to be safe up to 750 mg single dose treatment. Important adverse events were gastrointestinal disorders and headaches. AEB071 inhibits early T‐cell activation via a calcineurin inhibitor independent pathway and is currently investigated as a therapeutic agent to prevent allograft rejection after renal transplantation.
Borderline rejection after renal transplantation – to treat or not to treat
Authors: Beimler J. , Zeier M. 
Published: November 2009

Abstract: According to the Banff classification of renal allograft pathology, the category borderline changes defines changes insufficient for a diagnosis of acute rejection. The relationship between borderline changes and acute renal allograft rejection still remains unclear. The appropriate clinical management for patients showing such changes is controversial. One possible interpretation of the high incidence of subacute tubulitis is that these changes in the absence of graft dysfunction are of no consequence and that treatment with intensified immunosuppression is unnecessary and perhaps harmful. Another view, consistent with the high incidence of CAN in late protocol biopsy studies, is that immunosuppression has become so powerful, that rejection may not even be manifested by a rising serum creatinine. Borderline changes should be used as part of an algorithm, but not as the only criterion, for therapeutic decision making. Based on the weak evidence of existing studies, in our patients with clinical borderline rejection, we have to weigh the individual immunological risk against the potential side effects of increased immunosuppression. Even in the knowledge that a majority of patients with borderline infiltrates will not progress into rejection, in many transplant centers, borderline rejection is treated with additional steroids or augmentation of maintenance immunosuppression.
In vitrocytokine responses in liver transplant recipients treated with cyclosporine A and tacrolimus
Authors: Golling Markus , Sadeghi Mahmoud , Zipperle Silvia , Fonouni Hamidreza , Golriz Mohammad , Mehrabi Arianeb 
Published: November 2009

The inhibitory effect of Cyclosporine A (CsA) and Tacrolimus (Tacr) on interleukin 2 (IL‐2) are well known, and the importance of Th1‐type (IL‐2, interferon gamma), and Th2‐type (IL‐4, IL‐6, and IL‐10) cytokine secretion in preventing allograft rejection is a controversial issue. The immunological mechanisms involved in long‐term liver transplant recipients under CsA and Tacr were not studied precisely.This study was designed to evaluate the effects of CsA and Tacr on the immune response of 62 long‐term survivors following liver transplantation.T‐cell and B‐cell subpopulations, the T helper (Th) cell activity, T‐cell cytokine production, Staphylococcus aureus Cowan strain I (SAC‐I)‐stimulated B‐cell responses and PWM‐stimulated B‐cell responses were examined.CsA and Tacr decreased whole T‐cell populations as well as CD4+T‐cell IL‐2 responses (p < 0.005, Tacr and p = 0.02, CsA), impaired CD4+ cell Th activity (p < 0.01, Tacr and p = 0.02, CsA) and reduced SAC‐I‐stimulated B‐cell responses (immunoglobulin‐secreting cells [ISC]: p = 0.001, Tacr and p < 0.05, CsA). A significantly impaired T‐cell IL‐10 secretion (p = 0.0001) and decreased Th function of whole T cells was found in Tacr‐treated patients only, whereas unstimulated Th1 responses and SAC‐I‐stimulated B‐cell IL‐6 responses were reduced in CsA‐treated patients.Our data show that Tacr suppresses T‐, CD4+‐, and B‐cell responses more effectively than CsA which may be relevant in the maintenance of long‐term stable liver graft function.
Interventional radiologic procedures in the treatment of complications after liver transplantation
Authors: López‐Benítez R. , Barragán‐Campos H.M. , Richter G.M. , Sauer P. , Mehrabi A. , Fonouni H. , Golriz M. , Schmidt J. , Hallscheidt P.J. 
Published: November 2009

The aim of this study is to report our interventional radiologic procedures (IRP) in liver transplant (LTX) patients. These include procedures for biliary, arterial, venous, and portal complications, as well as the treatment of infected and non‐infected fluid collections.This retrospective study covered 583 patients (mean age: 44 ± 14 yr) in whom a total of 685 LTX were performed from August 1987 to April 2005.Overall, 182 LTX patients underwent a total of 428 IRP, including digital subtraction angiography (n = 152/35.51%), percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) (n = 4/0.93%) and PTA + stent (n = 7/1.63%) of arterial anastomosis, PTA + stent of the celiac trunk (n = 2/0.46%), transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) (n = 2/0.46%), arterial lysis (n = 4/0.93%), venous lysis (n = 2/0.46%), inferior vena cava stenting (n = 2/0.46%), percutaneous biliary drainage (n = 34/7.94%), percutaneous transluminal dilatation (PTD) of the choledocho‐enteric anastomosis (n = 16/3.73%), biliary stent (n = 5/1.16%), intrahepatic biliary flushing treatment, stone and cast biliary extraction (n = 27/6.30%), other interventions (e.g., embolization in other regions, transjugular liver biopsies, lymphangiographies) (n = 9/2.10%), and ultrasound‐ and computer tomography‐guided biopsies and percutaneous drainage (n = 153/35.74%). The overall success rate was 85.7%.Technical improvements in LTX and interventional radiology permit vascular and biliary complications to be treated successfully by interventional radiology.
Intercellular adhesion molecule 1 K469E gene polymorphism is associated with presence of skin lesions in Tunisian Behçet's disease patients
Authors: Ben Dhifallah I. , Karray E. FakhFakh , Sassi F. , Hamzaoui K. 
Published: November 2009

Abstract Intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM1) gene polymorphisms have been implicated in the susceptibility to inflammatory diseases. The expression of both soluble and tissue ICAM1 were increased in Behçet's disease (BD) but the contribution of ICAM1 gene polymorphisms to this disease remains unknown. We sought to establish the association of ICAM1 gene K469E polymorphism in exon 6 with susceptibility for BD. One hundred and thirty‐five Tunisian patients who satisfied the International Study Group criteria for BD and 157 healthy blood donor controls from the same geographic area were genotyped by polymerase chain reaction method for the K469E ICAM1 gene polymorphisms in exon 6. There were no significant differences in the distribution of the K469E allele or genotype frequencies between the BD patients and healthy controls in the ICA1 gene. Among patients, significant association was found between the presence of skin lesions and the studied polymorphism in the distribution of the K469E allele (P = 0.004; odds ratio = 1.26; 95% confidence interval = 2.13–3.62) and genotype frequencies (P = 0.0028;χ2 = 11.75). Our findings suggest that K469E ICAM1 gene polymorphism was associated with Tunisian BD patients with skin lesions.
Effect of dietary phytate and phytase on metabolic change of blood and intestinal mucosa in chickens
Authors: Liu N. , Ru Y. J. , Li F. D. 
Published: November 2009

SummaryThe objective of this study was to investigate the effect of dietary phytate and phytase on the metabolic parameters of lipid, protein, enzyme, electrolyte in the blood or intestinal mucosa of broiler chickens. Diets containing phytate phosphorus (0.22% or 0.44%) with phytase supplementation (0, 500 or 1000 U/kg) were administrated to 504 Cobb chicks for 4 weeks. Results showed that the serum concentrations of total cholesterol (T‐CHO), albumin, albumin/globulin, total superoxide dismutase (T‐SOD), total antioxidant capacity (T‐AOC) and glutamic pyruvic transaminase (GPT) were decreased by 9–41% in high phytate diets (p < 0.05) and the concentrations of blood P, K, Fe, Cu, Zn and Mg were decreased by 4–14% for birds fed high phytate diets (p < 0.05), whereas inclusion of phytase compensated these adverse influences. In the duodenum, phytate decreased the level of T‐AOC by 13% (p < 0.05), whereas phytase increased the levels of T‐SOD, T‐AOC and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) by 9–16% (p < 0.05). Also, in the jejunum, diets with high phytate showed lower activity of T‐SOD, T‐AOC and glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT) (p < 0.05), and phytase increased T‐SOD, T‐AOC and ALP (p < 0.05). However, phytase decreased transaminase activity in the low phytate basal diets (p < 0.05). This study suggests that dietary phytate can adversely interfere with the metabolisms of lipid and protein, as well as the antioxidation of blood and intestinal cells, while phytase supplementation may compensate these effects for broiler chickens.
Effect of macronutrient ratio of the pre‐starter diet on broiler performance and intermediary metabolism
Authors: Swennen Q. , Everaert N. , Debonne M. , Verbaeys I. , Careghi C. , Tona K. , Janssens G. P. J. , Decuypere E. , Bruggeman V. , Buyse J. 
Published: November 2009

SummaryThe aim of this study was to investigate the influence of isoenergetic substitution between the three energy delivering macronutrients in pre‐starter diets on performance and intermediary nutrient metabolism in broiler chickens. From hatch until 5 days of age, 600 chicks, collected during peak of hatch, were fed one of the three experimental pre‐starter diets with isoenergetic (13 MJ metabolisable energy/kg) substitutions between fat (43 vs. 108 g/kg), protein (126 vs. 240 g/kg) and carbohydrates (391 vs. 510 g/kg). After 5 days, commercial grower and finisher diets were provided. Pre‐starter composition influenced body weight until slaughter age, although not statistically verifiable. Broilers fed the low protein (LP) pre‐starter had the lowest body weight in relation to chickens on the low carbohydrate or low fat pre‐starter diet. After hatch, chicks on the LP pre‐starter diet were able to use the residual yolk sac more rapidly to fulfil their protein requirement, which is reflected in small intestine and liver development. Also, plasma metabolite levels were influenced mostly by the LP pre‐starter, indicating that the main focus for the requirements of newly hatched chicks should be on proteins. Furthermore, optimal nutrition during the first day’s post‐hatch should take into account the contribution of the yolk.
Larval and adult seed consumption affected by the degree of food specialization inAmara(Coleoptera: Carabidae)
Authors: Klimeš P. , Saska P. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractMany carabid beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae) are known to feed on plant seeds, but the level of specialization on this food differs. This is the first study in which seed consumption is assessed for all larval instars and adults of ground beetles. Three species ofAmarawith syntopic occurrence,Amara aenea(DeGeer),Amara familiaris(Duftschmid) andAmara similata(Gyllenhal), were examined. Larvae of all three instars and adults were fed seeds ofStellaria media(L.) Vill.,Capsella bursa‐pastoris(L.) Med. andTaraxacum officinaleWick. ex Wigg. in a laboratory no‐choice experiment. In general, larvae, particularly the first instar, showed greater differences in seed consumption than the adults, although the latter showed similar but less marked pattern.Amara aeneaconsumed all offered seed diets in all life stages. All three larval instars of granivorousA. familiarisalmost exclusively fed on seeds ofS. mediaand the adults also ate significantly more of this than other seeds.Amara similataconsumed mostly seeds ofC. bursa‐pastorisin the first instar and adult stages, whereas the larvae of the later instars seemed to be unspecialized on particular seed diet. Differences in seed‐specific consumption between larval instars in granivorous carabids are reported for the first time. The results provide further support for the parallel evolution of various degrees of granivory in the genusAmara, which may ultimately facilitate species coexistence. The daily seed consumption by the larvae was comparable or (in case of the third instar) even higher than that by the adults. Hence, we suggest that larvae may be the important consumers of seed in the field and should not be forgotten when seed predation is assessed.
Seasonal activity and abundance of Orosius orientalis (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) at agricultural sites in Southeastern Australia
Authors: Trębicki P. , Harding R. M. , Rodoni B. , Baxter G. , Powell K. S. 
Published: November 2009

Abstract Orosius orientalis is a leafhopper vector of several viruses and phytoplasmas affecting a broad range of agricultural crops. Sweep net, yellow pan trap and yellow sticky trap collection techniques were evaluated. Seasonal distribution of O. orientalis was surveyed over two successive growing seasons around the borders of commercially grown tobacco crops. Orosius orientalis seasonal activity as assessed using pan and sticky traps was characterised by a trimodal peak and relative abundance as assessed using sweep nets differed between field sites with peak activity occurring in spring and summer months. Yellow pan traps consistently trapped a higher number of O. orientalis than yellow sticky traps.
Dispersal and development of bagworm larvae (Lepidoptera: Psychidae) on three host plants
Authors: Rhainds M. , Sadof C. , Quesada C. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractThe present study investigated the development and dispersal of bagworm larvae, Thyridopteryx ephemeraeformis (Haworth) (Lepidoptera: Psychidae), on three hosts: arborvitae, Thuja occidentalis, blue spruce, Picea pungens, and juniper, Juniperus virginiana. The biomass of larvae was recorded at repeated intervals at 21 field sites. The relative quality of plants varied during larval development: early in the season, larvae were heavier on juniper and arborvitae than on blue spruce; late in the season, in contrast, larvae and pupae were lighter on juniper than on the two other plants. Larvae on blue spruce pupated later than those on arborvitae. In the laboratory, feeding rate and larval growth were not influenced by the density of larvae on the foliage of arborvitae up to a range which greatly exceeded that observed at any of our experimental sites. The incidence of dispersal among neonates emerging on arborvitae was high, as indicated by the high number of larvae captured on sticky traps, and the relatively low number of early instars on arborvitae foliage in relation to the reproductive output of females in the parental generation. The high rate of dispersal among early instars may be due to potential resource depletion over successive generations of bagworms.