bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Algae assemblages in the Rαbień peat-bog reserve
Authors: Rakowska Barbara , Sitkowska Małgorzata 
Published: July 2010

Algae assemblages in the Rαbień peat-bog reserve
Due to anthropogenic stress, the character of the Rαbień peat-bog reserve is changing, and large parts of it are being transformed into a transitional peat-bog. During more than 23 years of research, considerable changes have been noted in water pH (from 4.63 to 6.64), trophic status, and the species composition of algae. The subject of the research carried out in 2004—2005 were Bacillariophyceae and Chlorophyta. A decrease was observed in the number of species characteristic of high peat-bogs in favor of alkaliphilic species and those occurring in eutrophic waters.
Institutional Problems of Regional Development in Russia
Authors: Syssoeva Natalia 
Published: July 2010

Institutional Problems of Regional Development in Russia
The paper presents problems of spatial policy in Russia related to the formation of institutional conditions for regional development. Development institutions are characterised in terms of three functional groups. Distributive institutions reallocate funds between regions and they are the main subject of research on development factors. Problems of the redistribution sphere include losses of regions and municipalities in rental payments and household incomes. Transformational institutions contribute to the transformation of income into investment, and their effectiveness depends upon the quality of human capital and forms of relationships in local and regional communities. Organising institutions are usually formed by the state to arrange and stimulate the implementation of measures determined by the state regional development policy. The programme of economic and social development of Siberia is analysed as an example of institutional framework construction. The role of informal norms in institutional environment development is stressed.
Competitiveness of the Wielkopolska Region in Terms of a Knowledge-Based Economy
Authors: Czyż Teresa 
Published: July 2010

Competitiveness of the Wielkopolska Region in Terms of a Knowledge-Based Economy
In the study of the competitiveness of the Wielkopolska region it is assumed that in modern times the foundation of a competitive advantage is a knowledge-based economy (KBE). The aim of the article is to analyse the competitiveness of the Wielkopolska region (voivodeship) in terms of KBE in comparison with the country's regional system. Four dimensions of the region's competitiveness are distinguished, representing factors of KBE development and effects of their operation in the economic sphere. With the help of principal components analysis, indices of the region's competitiveness are obtained.
Effectiveness of Interventions Co-Financed by the Eu Structural Funds in Wielkopolska in the Years 2004-2006
Authors: Churski Paweł , Borowczak Anna 
Published: July 2010

Effectiveness of Interventions Co-Financed by the Eu Structural Funds in Wielkopolska in the Years 2004-2006
The aim of this article is to analyse the effectiveness of interventions from the EU Structural Funds in Wielkopolska carried out for investments realised in the years 2004-2006, i.e. in the first period of implementing Community regional policy in Poland. The research procedure is composed of two fundamental stages. In the first, projects co-financed from the EU Structural Funds within the framework of the Regional Component of the Integrated Regional Operational Programme were systematised by the criterion of intervention direction within each of the three dimensions of cohesion: economic, social and territorial. In the second stage, selected diagnostic measures for each dimension of cohesion were subjected to effectiveness analysis. The procedure rested on a questions/methods-oriented model applied in line with the theory-driven evaluation approach, a quasiexperimental design and the difference-in-differences technique, as well as methods of econometric analysis. The results made it possible to assess public intervention in Poland in terms of its effectiveness, and to identify challenges that have to be faced very soon.
Increase in root nodulation and crop yield of soybean by native <i>Bradyrhizobium japonicum</i> strains
Authors: Dhami Namraj , Prasad Braj Nandan 
Published: July 2010

Native strains of Bradyrhizobium japonicum were tested for their effectiveness on nodulation, crop yield and nitrogen fixation in soybean (Glycine max). B. japonicum strains were isolated from soybean root nodules collected from different agro-climatic regions of Far Western Nepal, viz. Dipayal (607 m asl), Dadeldhura (1097 m asl), Silgadhi (1209 m asl) and Bajura (1524 m asl). The strains were characterized by studying colony characteristics, growth response with Congo red and Bromothymol blue, and Gram staining. The native bradyrhizobial strains were authenticated by performing infection test on soybean seedlings. All the four strains were found compatible and effective on root nodulation, crop yield and soil nitrogen (N) content. Inoculation of these strains increased soybean root nodulation by 247-343% and crop yield by 45-204%. There was strong positive correlation (r = 0.982) between number of root nodules and crop yield, which suggest that optimization of root nodulation by inoculating compatible and effective B. japonicum strains significantly increase the soybean crop yield. Soil N content of inoculated experimental pots was increased by 13-33%. However, variability among different strains was observed in their effect on root nodulation and yield performance. B. japonicum strain collected from Silgadhi was found to be the most effective in increasing nodule number and crop yield by 343% and 204% respectively. Key-words: Glycine max; gram staining; inoculation; nitrogen fixationDOI:	10.3126/botor.v6i0.2902 Botanica Orientalis - Journal of Plant Science (2009) 6: 1-3
Ethnobotany of <i>Dioscorea</i> L. with emphasis on food value in Chepang communities in Dhading district, central Nepal
Authors: Sharma Lila Nath , Bastakoti Rishi 
Published: July 2010

Chepang, inhabiting the rugged terrain of Mahabharat and Churia range in central Nepal, is a group of indigenous people suffering from severe food insecurity. Their ancestors lived a semi-nomadic life up to one and half century back. To a large extent, Chepang still continue their traditional way of living, which includes collection of wild tubers (‘kandamul'), hunting and fishing. Chepangs are especially connected with the tubers of Dioscorea spp. Wild and cultivated species of Dioscorea are being used as sources of carbohydrates to supplement cereal food. However, dependency on such wild food is decreasing with adoption of agriculture. In this study we documented local knowledge on the diversity and use of Dioscorea species among Chepang in Dhusa and Jogimara Village Development Committees in Dhading district. Ethnobotanical data were collected through semi-structured interviews, forest transect walk and participatory observations. Out of 13 species of Dioscorea reported from all over Nepal, 10 species have been recorded from the study area. Chepang people use one species (Dioscorea deltoidea) as detergent and the rest nine species are exclusively used as food although many of them have multiple utilities. Chepang people have diverse knowledge in the identification, processing and consumption of wild tubers of Dioscorea spp. and such knowledge might have developed as a strategy to combat severe food scarcity. Use of disproportionately higher number of Dioscorea species by a single ethnic group and within a comparatively small territory indicates very close affinity of local cultural practice and the nature. The richness of knowledge associated with wild tubers and high dependency of Chepang on them is the manifestation of severe food insecurity and traditional mode of life due to their social and economic isolation for long time. Key-words: food insecurity; indigenous knowledge; tubers; wild edible plants.DOI:	10.3126/botor.v6i0.2905 Botanica Orientalis - Journal of Plant Science (2009) 6: 12-17
Taxonomy of the genus <i>Commelina</i> Plum. ex L. (Commelinaceae) in Nepal
Authors: Gajurel Jyoti P , Shrestha Krishna K 
Published: July 2010

About 170 species of Commelina are known from tropical and subtropical regions of the world. Nepal contributes 6 species of Commelina to the world flora. In the present work, taxonomy of all the six species of Commelina reported from Nepal (C. benghalensis, C. caroliniana, C. diffusa, C. maculata, C. paludosa and C. suffruticosa) was studied. Voucher specimens were collected from Central and Eastern Nepal, covering 14 districts. Morphological characters were studied from these collections. Palynological and anatomical characters were also used to see if they are taxonomically important to delimit the taxa within Commelina. Morphological characters seemed promising to delimit the taxa within Commelina. The key identifying characters at species level are modification in root, form of spathe, structure of leaves and seeds, shape of stomata and pollen. Palynological and anatomical characters were also useful, to some extent, in separating some species, but were not significant as compared to morphological data. Some specimens, close to C. benghalensis and C. caroliniana, showed very different characters. Thus further study is needed to confirm their taxonomic status. Key-words: anatomy; flora; morphological characters; palynology; voucher specimens.DOI:	10.3126/botor.v6i0.2907 Botanica Orientalis - Journal of Plant Science (2009) 6: 25-31
Systematic study of six species of <i>Arisaema</i> Mart. (Araceae) of Nepal
Authors: Shrestha Nawal 
Published: July 2010

The genus Arisaema is represented by sixteen species in Nepal. They are distributed in sub-tropical, temperate to sub-alpine regions at an elevation ranging from 300 to 4000 m asl. The present study includes six representative species of Arisaema occurring in Nepal. The aim is to investigate the interrelationship between the taxa on the basis of morphological and anatomical evidence. The work is based on the herbarium specimens deposited at TUCH and KATH as well as personal collections of the author. Key-words: endemic species; revision; spadix; spathe; taxonomy.DOI:	10.3126/botor.v6i0.2908 Botanica Orientalis - Journal of Plant Science (2009) 6: 32-38
Medicinal plants in Rasuwa district, central Nepal: trade and livelihood
Authors: Humagain Kamal , Shrestha Krishna K 
Published: July 2010

The present paper deals with the study conducted during 2006-2008 to assess trade pattern of important medicinal plants in Chilime Village Development Committee (VDC) of Rasuwa district, Nepal. Chilime VDC is one of the important trade centres of medicinal plants in the district. We documented 60 species of important medicinal plants, including 26 species involved in trade. Among them, 12 most potentially traded species, which have been given high priority by the collectors and traders, were selected for the study of their market potential and their contribution to the local livelihood. About 40% of the households of Chilime VDC were found to be involved in the collection and trade of medicinal plants. Most of the collection (90%) was for trade, which has supported up to 40% of family income contributing average household net profit of NRs 9,000 per year. The local traders were also making a good profit from medicinal plants with annual net contribution of about NRs 0.25 million per trader. But only 50% of actual traded quantity was registered at DFO resulting low revenue collection (only 43% of the expected). This shows that illegal trade is a common practice in the area by which the local traders increase their profit because they do not have to pay revenue. Thus strong mechanisms should be developed to stop illegal trade of medicinal plants and to promote revenue generation. Key-words: Langtang National Park; NTFPs; revenue; Tamang; trade channel.DOI:	10.3126/botor.v6i0.2909 Botanica Orientalis - Journal of Plant Science (2009) 6: 39-46
<i>Parthenium hysterophorus</i> L., a noxious invasive weed
Authors: Paudel Vivek Ranjan 
Published: July 2010

Parthenium hysterophorus L., a member of the family Asteraceae and native to subtropics of North and South America, is an invasive plant species that colonizes disturbed areas, cultivated lands, roadside vegetation, and human settlement areas. The weed has prolific seed producing ability and fast spreading in nature. The plant is rapidly infesting into tropical and subtropical regions of the world. Its occurrence in Kathmandu valley was reported first time in 1986. The seeds are highly viable and adaptive and can travel long distance with the help of its wing like structures at the base. They can anchor on rough surfaces with the help of feathered claws like structures. The weed is being very problematic because of its aggressiveness, allelopathic impacts, and health hazard risks for human and livestock. The weed posses different allelochemicals, specially sesquiterpenes and phenolics, parthenin being the chief one. The weed adversely affects crop plants and sensitive grass species. Besides it causes hay fever, dermatitis, skin infections, bronchitis and several other health impacts. The control of the weed is a challenging task; however, different herbicides and some biological agents have been reported for its management. Key words: allelochemicals; allelopathy; health hazard; Nepal; parthenin; sesquiterpene.DOI:	10.3126/botor.v6i0.2915 Botanica Orientalis - Journal of Plant Science (2009) 6: 85-92
GIS/Remote sensing techniques for resource management and biodiversity protection in mountainous regions
Authors: All John 
Published: July 2010

Biodiversity protection in mountainous regions requires effective fact-driven resource management techniques. Geoinformatic tools including GIS and remote sensing can be integrated to provide regional-scale data products across time for use in strategic and management level policymaking. Several principles are discussed to ensure that geoinformatics data and analysis can effectively contribute to resource management by clarifying issues and minimizing misinterpretation. A case study in the Chilean Andes elucidates these principles. Biological impacts of recent climate changes have not been equal across different ecosystems and stable forest ecosystems provide the best response to climate change. Geoinformatics is used to differentiate functional ecological groups and evaluate long-term resilience to climate change. Key-words: Chilean Andes; climate change; mountain ecosystems; geoinformatics; vegetation.DOI:	10.3126/botor.v6i0.2916 Botanica Orientalis - Journal of Plant Science (2009) 6: 93-99
<i>In vitro</i> study of <i>Tinospora cordifolia</i> (Willd.) Miers (Menispermaceae)
Authors: Singh Aditi , Sah Saroj K , Pradhan Aunji , Rajbahak Sabari , Maharajan Niran 
Published: July 2010

In vitro study was carried out in an important medicinal plant Tinospora cordifolia (Willd.) Miers belonging to the family: Menispermaceae. Vegetative parts such as stem, leaf and nodal explants were excised from an elite in vivo grown mature plant and thereafter cultured on Murashige-Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with different hormonal concentrations for callus induction and organogenesis. Callus formation occurred from nodal segments, leaf and inter-node explants when planted on different combinations of hormones. Tinospora cordifolia showed response for in vitro shoot growth from the nodal segment. The best shoot growth was observed on MS medium supplemented with kinetin (1.5 mg/l). Similarly, the best result for root induction was obtained on MS medium supplemented with 6-benzylaminopurine (1.0 mg/l) and naphthaleneacetic acid (2.5 mg/l). Key-words: callus induction; explants; medicinal plant; MS medium; tissue culture.DOI:	10.3126/botor.v6i0.2918 Botanica Orientalis - Journal of Plant Science (2009) 6: 103-105
Lateral Femoral Cutaneous Nerve Impairment After Direct Anterior Approach for Total Hip Arthroplasty
Authors: Bhargava Tarun , Goytia Robin N. , Jones Lynne C. , Hungerford Marc W. 
Published: July 2010

The anterior supine approach for total hip arthroplasty (THA) offers the advantage of operating through a true intravascular and intranervous plane, but it places the lateral femoral cutaneous nerve at risk. The purpose of this study was to identify the incidence of and impairment relating to injury of the lateral femoral cutaneous nerve.
We performed a retrospective chart review of 81 hips undergoing anterior supine THA from November 2005 through May 2007 to determine operative time, estimated blood loss, fluoroscopic time, type of anesthesia used, intraoperative complications, and postoperative systemic and wound complications. Postoperative radiographs were evaluated for leg-length discrepancy, acetabular inclination and anteversion, and femoral stem position. Patients were reassessed at 6 weeks, 3 months, 6 months, 1 year, and 2 years. At each visit, patients were questioned about numbness or paresthesias in the distribution of the lateral femoral cutaneous nerve; if present, the patient outlined the area with a marking pen. This area was photographed, and data were collected. No hip had frank numbness; 12 hips (14.8%) had paresthesias. For those 12, symptoms resolved in 4 by 6 months, in 6 by 1 year, and in 10 (83.3%) by 2 years; 2 remained unresolved. No significant difference was found between patients with and without paresthesias or between patients with resolved or unresolved paresthesias. Impaired sensation did not appear to affect functional outcome or Harris Hip Score. Incision position, dissection plane, retractor placement, tension and soft tissue handling, and surgeon experience may affect incidence of injury to the lateral femoral cutaneous nerve.
Treatment of Distal Biceps Tendon Ruptures Using a Single-Incision Technique and a Bio-Tenodesis Screw
Authors: Silva Jason , Eskander Mark S. , Lareau Craig , Deangelis Nicola A. 
Published: July 2010

No consensus exists in the literature on the optimal operative treatment method for distal biceps tendon ruptures. It is our hypothesis that a single-incision technique with a poly-L-lactide Bio-Tenodesis screw (Arthrex, Inc, Naples, Florida) is a safe and effective method for operative management of distal biceps tendon ruptures, with success and complication rates comparable to previous reports in the literature. This article describes a prospective case series of 29 consecutive patients (30 operations) managed by the same surgeon over 34 months. Average follow-up was 19.6 months. Two patients were lost to follow-up. Elbow range of motion (ROM) and strength; Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (DASH) score; and SF-12 score were measured at various time points up to 2 years.
All patients had full extension and supination. Supination and flexion strength was at least 4/5 in all patients. Mean DASH, SF-12 Physical Component (PCS), and SF-12 Mental Component (MCS) scores were 5.86 (range, 0–16.67), 50.35 (range, 30.4–60.1), and 57.15 (range, 41.7–64.4), respectively. These scores are comparable to normative values reported by the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons. Complication rates were similar to those previously reported in the literature. This type of fixation allowed for early mobilization of the operative arm. Our study demonstrates that use of a tenodesis screw for distal biceps repair results in DASH and SF-12 scores comparable to the norm for the general population with complications similar to those seen in past studies. In addition, biomechanical studies suggest that the repair is strong enough to allow early ROM, and the fixation technique may allow for more anatomic positioning of the distal biceps along the ulnar border of the bicipital tuberosity.
Intra-Articular Loose Body Removal During Hip Arthroscopy
Authors: Randelli Filippo , Randelli Pietro , Banci Lorenzo , Arrigoni Paolo 
Published: July 2010

Loose bodies are common findings in hip arthroscopy. Loose body removal can be challenging because of the inner position of the acetabulum in which the loose bodies tend to accumulate. Moreover, the standard removal procedure of a considerable number of loose bodies may need a long time under limb traction, thereby increasing the risk of complications.
This article describes a new easy method for intra-articular loose body removal. A flexible endotracheal catheter, connected with suction system, is inserted via the anterior or midanterior portal. The catheter can easily be directed toward the inner parts of the joint in proximity of loose bodies. The suction system allows the loose body to be captured in contact with the tip of the catheter, which is then retrieved carrying the loose body outside the cannula.
We performed this technique on 4 consecutive patients with synovial chondromatosis. Patients were evaluated preoperatively and 1 month postoperatively by completing self-administered questionnaires. The technique effectiveness was evaluated in terms of overall surgery time, traction time, radiographic appearance of loose bodies left in situ, and postoperative complications. Mean overall surgery time and central time was 175 and 78 minutes, respectively. All patients showed improvement in the operated hip. All radiographs showed hip joint space free of osteochondral loose bodies. No patients reported paraesthesia, nerve palsy, or other postoperative complications. This technique allows for retrieval of a greater amount of loose bodies in a short time, reducing the possibility of undesirable complications.
Turret Exostosis of the Talus
Authors: LeClere Lance E. , Riccio Anthony I. , Helmers Scott W. , Thompson Keith E. 
Published: July 2010

Turret exostosis is a benign osteocartilagenous lesion believed to arise from reactive perisoteum following relatively mild trauma. This article presents an unusual case of a turret exostosis of the talar neck in a 12-year-old child. A healthy adolescent presented with a 5-month history of a firm, painless mass about the anteromedial aspect of the right ankle 1 month after suffering a mild twisting injury to the ankle. Radiographs demonstrated a benign-appearing bony mass within the soft tissues anterior to the right ankle overlying the talar neck. An excisional biopsy of the mass was performed and pathology was consistent with turret exostosis, demonstrating a central area of mature trabecular bone maturing via enchondral ossification with a thin hypocellular peripheral rim of cartilage. The absence of a periosteal layer, abundant “blue bone,” bizarre metaplastic cartilage, or marked cytologic atypia confirmed the diagnosis. The patient remains pain free with full ankle motion.
Reactive periosteal lesions are well-described entities, tending to occur with the greatest frequency in the small bones of the hand. Few cases of bizarre parosteal osteochondromatous proliferation in the metatarsals and phalanges of the toes have been reported. The current case represents the first account of a turret exostosis of the hindfoot, and the youngest patient with a histologically confirmed diagnosis. It further illustrates the manner in which this case exists along a continuous spectrum of reactive periosteal lesions. The clinical, radiographic, and histologic characteristics of reactive periosteal lesions are reviewed.