bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impaired Glucose Tolerance, but Not Impaired Fasting Glucose, Underlies Left Ventricular Diastolic Dysfunction
Authors: Shimabukuro Michio , Higa Namio , Asahi Tomohiro , Yamakawa Ken , Oshiro Yoshito , Higa Moritake , Masuzaki Hiroaki 
Published: February 2011

OBJECTIVE
Glucose intolerance is recognized as a predictor of congestive heart failure (CHF). However, the association of postprandial hyperglycemia or fasting hyperglycemia with CHF has not been clarified. We determined the impact of the total spectrum of glucose abnormalities on left ventricular (LV) geometry and diastolic function.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
Two hundred and eighty-seven Japanese subjects who visited the university hospital to be checked for glucose intolerance or known type 2 diabetes were consecutively recruited. Participants underwent an oral glucose tolerance test if they had no history of diabetes, and LV geometry and LV systolic and diastolic function were analyzed by Doppler echocardiography.

RESULTS
The frequency of LV diastolic dysfunction in subjects with normal glucose tolerance, impaired fasting glucose (IFG), impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), newly detected diabetes, and known diabetes were 13, 22, 50, 51, and 61%, respectively (χ2 = 54.2, P &lt; 0.0001). IGT was a predictor for LV diastolic dysfunction after adjusting for age, sex, systolic blood pressure, and heart rate (odds ratio 3.43 [95% CI 1.09–11.2]), but IFG was not (0.49 [0.06–3.08]). IGT was a predictor after adjusting for established CHF risk factors but was no longer significant after adjusting for BMI and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance.

CONCLUSIONS
In this hospital-based registry of subjects without CHF, the prevalence of LV diastolic dysfunction was higher in subjects with IGT but not in those with IFG. Results suggest that IGT, as well as newly detected and known diabetes, could be linked to an increased risk of cardiovascular events, partly through LV diastolic dysfunction.
Cross-Sectional Associations of Albuminuria and C-Reactive Protein With Functional Disability in Older Adults With Diabetes
Authors: Kuo Hsu-Ko , Al Snih Soham , Kuo Yong-Fang , Raji Mukaila A. 
Published: February 2011

OBJECTIVE
To examine the relationship between albuminuria, inflammation, and disability in older adults with diabetes.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
Data were from 1,729 adults (≥60 years) with diabetes in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1999–2008. Disability in activities of daily living (ADL), instrumental activities of daily living (IADL), leisure and social activities (LSA), general physical activities (GPA), and lower-extremity mobility (LEM) was obtained from self-reports. Urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR) (mg/g) was categorized into normal (UACR &lt;30 mg/g), microalbuminuria (UACR 30–300 mg/g), and macroalbuminuria (UACR &gt;300 mg/g). C-reactive protein (CRP) levels were quantified by latex-enhanced nephelometry.

RESULTS
In the full-adjusted model, microalbuminuria was associated with disability in ADL, LSA, and LEM with corresponding odds ratios (ORs) (95% CIs) of 1.51 (1.16–1.98), 1.62 (1.23–2.14), and 1.34 (1.03–1.74), respectively, compared with participants without albuminuria. Macroalbuminuria was associated with disability in ADL, IADL, and LEM with corresponding ORs (95% CIs) of 1.94 (1.24–3.03), 1.93 (1.23–3.02), and 2.20 (1.38–3.49), respectively, compared with participants without albuminuria. Elevated CRP (&gt;0.3 mg/dL) was associated with increased odds of disability in ADL and LEM, with corresponding ORs (95% CIs) of 1.28 (1.00–1.62) and 1.68 (1.34–2.11), respectively. Subjects with both albuminuria and elevated CRP had higher odds of disability than individuals with no albuminuria and normal CRP.

CONCLUSIONS
Albuminuria and inflammation were independent correlates for disability among older adults with diabetes. There was an interaction of albuminuria and elevated CRP on disability, suggesting that the presence of subclinical inflammation may amplify the effect of albuminuria on disability in older adults living with diabetes.
Mental Health of Newly Arrived Burmese Refugees in Australia: Contributions of Pre-Migration and Post-Migration Experience
Authors: Schweitzer Robert D. , Brough Mark , Vromans Lyn , Asic-Kobe Mary 
Published: February 2011

Objective: This study documents the mental health status of people from Burmese refugee backgrounds recently arrived in Australia, then examines the contributions of gender, pre-migration and post-migration factors in predicting mental health. Method: Structured interviews, including a demographic questionnaire, the Harvard Trauma Questionnaire, the Post-migration Living Difficulties Checklist and Hopkins Symptom Checklist assessed pre-migration trauma, post-migration living difficulties, depression, anxiety, somatization and traumatization symptoms in a sample of 70 adults across five Burmese ethnic groups. Results: Substantial proportions of participants reported psychological distress in symptomatic ranges including: post-traumatic stress disorder (9%), anxiety (20%) and depression (36%), as well as significant symptoms of somatization (37%). Participants reported multiple and severe pre-migration traumas. Post-migration living difficulties of greatest concern included communication problems and worry about family not in Australia. Gender did not predict mental health. Level of exposure to traumatic events and post-migration living difficulties each made unique and relatively equal contributions to traumatization symptoms. Post-migration living difficulties made unique contributions to depression, anxiety and somatization symptoms. Conclusions: While exposure to traumatic events impacted on participants’ mental well-being, post-migration living difficulties had greater salience in predicting mental health outcomes of people from Burmese refugee backgrounds. Reported rates of post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms were consistent with a large review of adults across seven western countries. High levels of somatization point to a nuanced expression of distress. Findings have implications for service provision in terms of implementing appropriate interventions to effectively meet the needs of this newly arrived group in Australia.
Les recettes fiscales des administrations publiques centrales dans le modèle "Administrations" (Recfisc)
Authors: Hatem Fabrice , Mantz Patrice , Tabouillot Max 
Published: February 2011

The central government administrations'revenue derived from taxation in the «administrations» model (Recfisc)
by F. Hatem, P. Mantz, M. Tabouillot.
The way in which revenue derived from taxation is dealt with in the «Administrations» model has many original features compared with the corresponding equations of existing macroeconomic models: thus, the concern for facilitating the dialogue with all potential interlocutors has led to projecting this revenue both into the nomenclature of the Finance Act and into the more economic one of National Accounts. Above all, in this model, general Government taxes and local taxes are modehzed separately, just as are transfers of taxation revenue from the State to local administrations.
Some of the most important equations of Recfisc (this acronym designates the projection block of the revenue derived from taxation by the State and by the various central administration services) are reductions of detailed models of the Bureau des études fiscales of the Direction de la prévision: such is the case mainly with the value added tax (Vat model) and the income tax (Mir 4, Emire models). In the latter case, the procedure faithfully traces the passing from the basis of assessment (taxable income) to the issuing of assessment lists, then to the actual collection.
Particular care is given to solving the delicate question of the modeli- zation of the tax on the profits of corporate enterprises, which is a separate modelization for non financial corporate enterprises, for the Banque de France and for the other credit institutions and insurance enterprises.
Featuring, in addition to the aforementioned reduced equations of taxation models, institutional or econometric equations as well. Recfisc is so designed as to permit easy execution of taxation policy variants Therefore the specifications retained include as often as possible the effective instruments of action of the public authorities (legal Vat rates, rates of the inland duty on petroleum products, bracket-raising rates for the income-tax schedule, for example).
Like the «Administrations» model as a whole, Recfisc is made to be used in conjunction with a macroeconomic model (i e. Copain) with which it has multiple interrelations. Indeed, only such an integration can make it possible not only to appraise the evolution of revenue in such-and- such a macroeconomic scenario, but also and especially to gauge the consequences on the economy as a whole of decisions modifying taxation.
Le modèle Das : un instrument d'analyse de la dynamique des salaires annuels
Authors: Gaspard Michel , Lécuyer Diana 
Published: February 2011

Le modèle Das : un instrument d'analyse de la dynamique des salaires annuels
par Michel Gaspard et Diana Lécuyer.
Ce texte présente un modèle de la dynamique des salaires annuels, construit sur la base des statistiques «Das» de la période 1962-1975, établies par l'Inséé, et qui fournissent des renseignements très détaillés. L'originalité principale de ce modèle consiste, en utilisant pleinement les données rassemblées, à analyser séparément la croissance des salaires annuels de 23 groupes de salariés distingués par leur catégorie socioprofessionnelle, leur sexe et le secteur d'activité qui les emploie ; puis à reconstituer l'évolution du salaire moyen général à partir de ses composantes, compte tenu de la déformation des poids respectifs des catégories du modèle dans la population active.
Les mécanismes essentiels retenus à l'issue de l'analyse économétrique sont au nombre de quatre :
indexation des salaires sur les prix à la consommation pour un petit nombre de groupes de salariés,
influence du Smic sur les salaires des catégories ouvrières les plus nombreuses,
influence de la croissance de la productivité du travail dans deux secteurs industriels —biens intermédiaires et biens d'équipement— et sur les salaires de ces secteurs,
phénomènes de diffusion des hausses de salaires qui propagent les effets «exogènes» précédents des secteurs les plus concentrés vers les autres et du bas vers le haut de la hiérarchie socio-professionnelle.
Aucune influence de l'état de tension des marchés du travail sur la croissance des salaires (relation de Philipps) n'a pu être mise en évidence pour la période étudiée.
Les dépenses des administrations publiques centrales dans le modèle "Administrations"
Authors: Péronnet François 
Published: February 2011

The expenditures of central government administrations in the «Administrations» model by F Péronnet.
Last paragraph, read :
We deliberately departed from conventional ways of dealing with public expenditures by choosing to endogenize all items. This does not imply that a margin for maneuvering is denied economic policy it simply means that it becomes possible to analyze this economic policy m re lation to a central reference —supplied by the model— which reproduces past mechanisms.
Différentiel de croissance et analyse sectorielle
Authors: Mousel Michel , Le Berre Ronan 
Published: February 2011

Growth differential and sectoral analysis
by Michel Mousel and Ronan Le Berre.
The five countries which were the object of sectoral studies featured, over the reference period (1955-1977) highly contrasting growth rates. The « growth differential » or gap between the average growth of the five countries and the growth rate of each one ranges from — 1 ,4% for the U K. to + 4,6% for Japan.
The usual global demographic or macroeconomic indicators do indeed show that there was a phenomenon of « catching up » of the more advanced of countries on the part of those which were less advanced. The greater the economic lag at the beginning of the period, the stronger the growth But they are not tantamount to explanations, and, furthermore, the notion of «catching up» cannot account for all the observations made — particularly as regards the U K.
The sectoral approach enables us to get closer to the mechanisms which presided over evolutions First of all, it shows that the amplitude of structural changes in the productive apparatus bears a direct relation to the dynamism of growth. These changes have tended to bring the characteristics of the three countries with positive growth differentials (Japan, France and Federal Republic of Germany) closer to those of the U.SA.
The evolution of relative productivity rates by sectors and by countries enables us to identify with some precision the respective roles of the main components of the productive system, those which act as brakes and those which, on the contrary, exert a motive force. The latter is particularly the case in the capital equipment sector of entreprises and households. If we can understand the particular role it plays through its function of stimulator and spreader of technological progress in the rest of the economy, it is important to spot for future reference in what fields such action can be exerted. These fields do not necessarily belong only to the capital equipment sector : it may be that energy, transport and communications, and the services renovated by computerization will subsequently contribute to this motive role.
Formation de l'offre : comparaison internationale et sectorielle
Authors: Cellier François 
Published: February 2011

Formation de l'offre : comparaison internationale et sectorielle
par François Cellier.
Pendant les 25 années de croissance soutenue qu'ont connues les grandes économies occidentales les proportions de travail et de capital employées pour la production se sont constamment modifiées. Au delà des particularités nationales il semble que se soit dégagée dans l'industrie une tendance à l'élévation de la croissance du capital par tête accompagnée d'une diminution plus ou moins précoce de la productivité du capital. Ainsi peut-on parler en général de passage d'une croissance de type extehsif à une croissance de type intensif, passage auquel une décélération de la croissance de l'emploi industriel semble devoir être imputée dans les pays où il s'est produit. Tandis que la production et l'emploi dans les secteurs non industriels ne semblent pas relever seulement d'une problématique en terme d'offre, il semble donc que la nature des investissements de l'industrie ait influé de façon significative sur le développement de ce secteur et sa capacité à créer des emplois.
«Les réactions structurelles des grandes économies à la crise»
Authors: Barou Yves , Bertrand Hugues 
Published: February 2011

Structural reactions of the major economies to the
crisis
by Yves Barou and Hugues Bertrand.
The object of this article is to try to draw up an initial balance sheet of the information we have at the present time on this vast subject. First it is advisable to emphasize the fact that in spite of the importance traditionally attributed to the first oil shock, in 1973, the nineteen-seventies possess a unity which may be characterized in two ways : on the one hand, the initial difficulties (investment, growth, income distribution, productivity) preceded the oil shock, France being an apparent exception , on the other hand, the preceding «structural» (sectoral) evolutions, far from being transformed or reversed from 1973 on, were on the contrary maintained and amplified. Thus analyzed, the oil shock does not give rise to a new process : it accelerates the preceding structural evolutions, some of them obvious, and others still veiled In particular, we find many similarities between France, the Federal Republic of Germany and Japan, which contrast with what we find in the USA or the U K It is remarkable that the evolution of the apparent productivity of labor in the medium run seems to be independent of economic policies adopted in the short run. It is as though it were due to long-run structural factors having no narrow relationship with provisions made or the economic behaviors that were observed (more or less rapid adjustment of employment, curbing of remunerations, etc ). Likewise, in most countries, industrial activities went through a very : difficult period, under the pressure of wage claims which were still high and an often strong contraction of outlets. The difference in intensity of this constraint depending upon the country scarcely appears to have affected medium— term evolution, as if, once again, the medium-term «laws» had more weight than elaborate short-term policies.
Though it is relatively easy to designate the macro-sectors which are most seriously affected by the difficulties of the period in this or that country, on the other hand it seems difficult, at that level of observation, to detect the appearance of new motive sectors bearing the seeds of possible later growth, either because there are none or because they cannot be observed at that rough level of macroeconomic observation.
In this general context France's economy appears to occupy a somewhat traditional median position, from a twofold standpoint on the one hand, it has not known abrupt, ample movements as have the USA, Japan or the U K . but rather a gentle evolution , on the other hand, it remains in an intermediate situation with respect to it chief partners, marked however by a closer kinship with the Federal Republic of Germany and Japan. The relative resistance in 1974-1978 to the crisis and to the threat of recession, however, cannot fail to remain worrisome for what is to follow, because of a general lack of dynamism, the most obvious feature of which is the marked and lasting weakening of the investment rate.
Les effets des pactes nationaux pour l'emploi sur l'évolution du chômage
Authors: Gaspard Michel , Frank Daniel 
Published: February 2011

The effects of France's National Employment Pacts on unemployment,
by Michel Gaspard and Daniel Frank.
Faced with a growing rate of unemployment which affects the young more than any other age category. French public authorities in 1977 adopted and implemented a set of measures known as «pacte national pour l'emploi» (National Employment Pact). This article presents the results of a study the aim of which was a quantitative determination, with the help of a model, of the effects which these measures have had on the evolution of unemployment since 1977.
The first and second parts of the articled) describe the methodology which was elaborated, and (2) set forth the results of the re-assessment, needed for this study, of a model that had already been used. The third part enumerates the conclusions drawn from the analysis made of this recent period by means of this model: the pacts, the chief components of which were on the job training periods in enterprises and periods of instruction made available to the young, resulted in a very short-term reduction of the unemployment rate in their launching phase, yet had no palpable short-medium term effect, since each reduction in the supply of training and instruction periods went hand-in-hand with an increase of the unemployment rate among the young.
L'évolution des mouvements de capitaux à court terme entre la France et l'extérieur de 1967 à 1978
Authors: Mathis Jean 
Published: February 2011

The evolution of short-term capital movements between France and foreign countries (1967-1978),
by Jean Mathis.
The purpose of the article is to clarify the contents of short-term financial flows between France and foreign countries and to describe their evolution between 1967 and 1978 as well as the reasons therefor.
The first part, of a methodological nature, emphasizes the key role of importers and exporters and explanes those behaviours which lead to such movements. A classification of the latter in three categories is needed for the analysis commercial credits are primarily a function of exports and imports whereas the capital movements of the banking sector as well as leads and lags fundamentally depend on foreign exchange expectations, but they are used under different circumstances.
The former are used when foreign exchange control allows. Leads and lags seem to be preferred when cash available to entreprises is sufficient to anticipate a payment or to delay the collection of a debt.
The second part of the article studies the evolution of the banking sector capital for which stock data are available.
The article aims at assessing the role of the various factors and concludes in particular that foreign exchange control is efficient when it is sufficiently strict.
An appendix sums up the major steps taken to regulate foreign exchange between 1967 and 1978.
Le modèle Copain : comportements patrimoniaux et intégration financière
Authors: Dehove Mario , Fauqueur Alain , Gaudemet Jean-Philippe , Husson Michel , Mathis Jean , de Monchy Guy , Vallet Dominique 
Published: February 2011

Le modèle Copain : comportements patrimoniaux et intégration financière,
par Mario Dehove, Alain Fauqueur, Jean-Philippe Gaudemet, Michel Husson, Jean Mathis, Guy de Monchy, Dominique Vallet.
Le modèle Copain (pour Comportements PAtrimomaux INtégrés) construit au Bureau de la Recherche Macroéconomique de la Direction de la Prévision, est utilisable depuis le printemps 1 981. Destiné aux études de politique économique à court-moyen terme, il fonctionne conjointement avec les modèles spécifiques de la Direction portant en particulier sur la fiscalité, les dépenses et le financement des administrations publiques centrales et locales, les organismes de Sécurité sociale.
Si pour de nombreuses relations, le modèle Copain reprend et actualise des formulations déjà utilisées antérieurement, il propose cependant une nouvelle lecture des enchaînements économiques, centrée en particulier sur la genèse et le rôle de l'inflation sur l'intégration des variables physiques, nominales et financières.
Le niveau des prix ne résulte plus d'une équation explicite assurant la répercussion des coûts; déterminé implicitement, il constitue la variable d'ajustement par laquelle les entreprises équilibrent leur compte tout en cherchant à atteindre une structure de bilan désirée (mécanisme de la norme d'endettement). L'inflation, dans cette approche n'est pas seulement l'expression de désajustements entre les coûts et les prix (la spirale prix-salaire) ; elle permet en outre de rendre compatibles les positions antagonistes des producteurs et des ménages par les transferts patrimoniaux qu'elle engendre en dévalorisant les créances et les dettes.
L'article commence par situer le modèle Copain par rapport aux débats et aux Travaux récents dans le domaine de l'analyse macroéconomique ; il propose ensuite une lecture des évolutions économiques essentielles observées sur la période d'estimation (1960-1978) ; il s'organise ensuite en trois parties :
la première présente «les caractéristiques essentielles de l'instrument»,
la seconde («Comptes et comportements d'agents»), explicite les principales relations économétriques concernant le comportement des entreprises et des ménages, les relations extérieures et enfin le fonctionnement du système financier,
la troisième partie est consacrée au «fonctionnement du modèle» : après avoir montré comment le modèle reproduit (en simulation dynamique) les évolutions observées de 1970 à 1978, on propose un schéma.des mécanismes essentiels du modèle ; diverses variantes cherchent enfin à rendre compte'des propriétés du modèle Copain.