bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Yoga Intervention Improves the Metabolic Parameters and Quality of Life among Infertile Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome in Indian Population
Authors: Patil Anushree Devashish , Pathak Satish Dattatray , Kokate Pratibha , Bhogal Ranjit Singh , Badave Akshata Sudesh , Varadha Mangalam , Joshi Beena Nitin , Tandon Deepti , Begum Shahina , Surve Suchitra Vishwambar , Dalvi Prachi Datta 
Published: May 2024

Background:
The heterogenic manifestations of polycystic ovarian syndrome have led to various treatment approaches that include improving hormonal imbalance, weight management, and improving quality of life (QoL). Yoga therapy being a versatile treatment approach benefits physical and mental well-being and can be recommended to women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).

Objective:
The objective of this study was to study the effect of structured yoga intervention on anthropometric, metabolic, hormonal, biochemical, ovarian morphology, and infertility-related QoL parameters among infertile women with PCOS.

Settings and Design:
A prospective, controlled before and after study was conducted at a Multidisciplinary PCOS Clinic in Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.

Methodology:
Infertile women with PCOS (26 participants in each group which includes intervention and control arm) seeking treatment for infertility at the Multidisciplinary PCOS Clinic at National Institute for Research in Reproductive and Child Health. The intervention group received 90 min of structured yoga intervention for 3 months.

Statistical Analysis:
The median change in parameters between baseline and after 12 weeks of intervention was analyzed using IBM SPSS software, version 26 to perform descriptive analyses and Wilcoxon test to analyze pre- and postintervention parameters in the intervention and control group.

Results:
There was a significant difference in the weight, basal metabolic rate, postglucose insulin, anti-Müllerian hormone, cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein, low-density lipoprotein, serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase, ultrasound parameters such as stromal thickness, follicle number per ovary, and QoL in infertility domain in the intervention group compared to the control group. Within 1 year of initiation of the study, 13 participants became pregnant in the yoga intervention group as compared to 7 participants in the control group.

Conclusion:
The metabolic comorbidities of PCOS have adverse effects on the QoL and pregnancy outcome among infertile women with PCOS. This pilot study demonstrated that a 12-week yoga intervention brought overall improvement in anthropometric, hormonal, biochemical, ovarian morphology, and infertility-related QoL parameters compared to the control group. Integration of yoga in infertility management will help to improve the QoL and to optimize prepregnancy metabolic parameters among infertile women with PCOS.
Clinicopathological features and evaluation of microsatellite stability of colorectal carcinoma with cribriform comedo pattern
Authors: Günler Tuğba , Karabağli Pinar , Tiyek Hicret , Keskin Özge , Körez Muslu K. 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
Cribriform comedo-type adenocarcinoma (CCA) was a colon cancer subtype defined in the 2009 World Health Organization (WHO) classification. In the 2018 classification, it was a colon cancer subtype included in the adenocarcinoma, Not otherwise specified (NOS) group. A few studies have reported that colon cancers with a cribriform pattern have worse overall survival, and most of them are microsatellite stable (MSS). In this study, we evaluated CCAs based on their clinicopathologic features and microsatellite stability. We aimed to answer whether these tumors could be defined as a distinct morphologic subtype with prognostic significance.

Materials and Methods:
Pathology reports and specimens from 449 patients with colorectal adenocarcinoma (CRA) were re-evaluated. All subtypes were determined. To evaluate MSS status, the CCA cases were immunohistochemically stained with anti-MLH1, MSH2, MSH6, and PMS2 antibodies.

Results:
CCA was present in 40.5% of cases. These cases were found to have higher rates of lymph node metastasis, lymphovascular-perineural invasion, metastasis, and advanced stage (P < 0.05). Also, 2.7% of CCA cases were microsatellite instable (MSI). However, no statistically significant result was found regarding overall survival and progression-free survival of CCA cases with MSI.

Conclusion:
According to the findings, CRAs with comedo cribriform patterns are tumors with more aggressive features. It can be said that these tumors have a specific molecular feature related to MSS. Because this feature is important for planning adjuvant chemotherapy, it may be useful to identify cases, particularly with a cribriform comedo pattern >90%. However, because no significant difference in survival rates was found, CCAs may not need to be defined as distinct subtypes.
A Prospective Randomized Clinical Study to Assess and Compare the Efficacy of Ultrasound Guided Quadratus Lumborum Block versus Transversus Abdominis Plane Block for Postoperative Analgesia in Patients Undergoing Abdominal Hysterectomy Under General Anaesthesia
Authors: Khare Arvind , Thada Beena , Parasrampuria Mudrika , Jonwal Kuldeep , Rathore Mukut 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background and Aims:
Multimodal analgesia regimens for optimizing the postoperative pain following abdominal surgeries are a crucial component of enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS), as it reduces postoperative opioid consumption along with their adverse effects. We compared the analgesic efficacy of ultrasound-guided transmuscular quadratus lumborum block (QLB) versus posterior transversus abdominis plane block (TAPB) with respect to duration of analgesia, modified Defense and Veterans Pain Rating Scale (DVPRS) scores for pain, activity, sleep, stress, and mood, respectively, the total amount of rescue analgesic consumption, hemodynamics parameters and side effects, in patients undergoing total abdominal hysterectomy under general anesthesia.

Materials and Methods:
In this study, which was prospective, randomized, and double-blind, 60 patients of the American Society of Anesthesiologists Physical Status I and II, aged 18–65 years, undergoing abdominal hysterectomy, were randomized into two groups. Group QLB (n = 30) and Group TAPB (n = 30) received bilateral QLB and TAPB with 40 ml of 0.375% ropivacaine, respectively. The data were compared using standard qualitative and quantitative tests.

Results:
The duration of pain relief was longer in Group QLB compared to Group TAPB (981.83 ± 138.62 min vs. 637 ± 127.02 min, P < 0.0001). The DVPRS score for pain, activity, sleep, stress, and mood, respectively, were significantly lower in Group QLB (P < 0.05). The total rescue analgesic consumption was significantly lesser in Group QLB (103.33 ± 18.26 mg) compared to Group TAPB (150.00 ± 50.85 mg) (P < 0.0001). No significant hemodynamic changes or side effects were observed (P > 0.05).

Conclusion:
Bilateral QLB significantly prolonged the duration of analgesia with reduced rescue analgesic requirement compared with bilateral TAPB in patients undergoing total abdominal hysterectomy.
An Unusual Mode of Facial Thermal Burn Injury by an Oxygen Mask Caught Fire While Smoking in a Patient With COPD: A Case Report
Authors: Singh Anshu , Pandey Sandhya , Kumar Ravi , Kumar Manish , Kumar Vijay 
Published: May 2024

Introduction:
Unusual mode burns are not uncommon. In developing countries like India where bidi (local cigarette; made from tobacco and plant leaves without filter), smoking is very common and is a common cause of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Individuals who are suffering from COPD are usually addicted to smoking. Smoking in hospitals due to improper checking of belongings is considered poor safety measures and negligence of the hospital community and lack of knowledge and awareness among the general public.

Methods:
The patient course in the hospital after the facial burn injury through oxygen face mask was studied.

Results:
On the 4th postburn day, the patient’s condition improved, he was able to breathe, talk, and swallow well following management.

Conclusion:
Facial burn injury is the most commonly associated with inhalational injury. The proper early management of inhalational injury by intubation and mechanical ventilation results in the improvement of hypoxia or hypercapnia along with steroid administration to reduce proinflammatory cytokines and reduce further cellular injury. Use good quality tubing of nasal prong for oxygen supply at home in COPD patient is recommented.
Pulmonary Functions Assessment in Post-COVID-19 Pneumonia Cases by Spirometry
Authors: Patil Shital , Patil Rajesh , Gondhali Gajanan 
Published: May 2024

Background:
Although lung is the primary target organ involvement in coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19), post-COVID lung pathology and its impact on lung functions are still uncertain.

Materials and Methods:
Prospective multicentric study conducted during May 2020 to June 2021, to find pulmonary function assessment in post-COVID-19 recovered pneumonia cases irrespective of their symptoms, included 600 cases in symptomatic and asymptomatic group and subjected to inclusion and exclusion criteria. All cases were subjected to Spirometry analysis. Statistical analysis was done by using Chi-test.

Results:
In Spirometry assessment of post-COVID-19 pneumonia cases at 12 weeks' postdischarge from hospital, abnormal lung function in 77.5% post-COVID-19 pneumonia cases; restrictive pattern was predominant type and documented in 43.33% cases, normal lung functions were documented in 22.5% cases. In age and gender assessment in normal and abnormal lung functions assessment, statistically significant association in males 90/150 versus females 45/315 (P < 0.00001); and in the age of population in study cases as below 50 years 110/300 versus above 50 years 25/165 (P < 0.0001). Computed tomography severity score has shown a negative impact on lung function after recovery at 12 weeks' postdischarge; cases with score <8, 8–15, and >15 documented normal and abnormal lung functions as in 36/54, 60/80, and 39/331 respectively of total 600 study cases (P < 0.00001). The duration of illness has associated negative impact on lung function; <7 days, 8–15 days and >15 days of onset of symptoms documented normal and abnormal lung functions in 108/132, 22/168 and 5/165 cases respectively (P < 0.00001). Low oxygen saturation at entry point has a negative impact on overall outcome on lung function; cases with oxygen saturation < 75%, 75%–90%, and >90% observed as normal and abnormal lung functions in 92/18, 35/135 and 6/314 cases, respectively (P < 0.00001). Timing of biphasic positive airway pressure/noninvasive ventilation (BIPAP/NIV) has a significant association in attaining normal lung functions after post COVID19 pneumonia recovery; cases received BIPAP/NIV at entry point <1 day, 3–7 days and after 7 days of hospitalization were documented normal and abnormal lung functions in 30/150, 40/35 and 5/50 cases, respectively (P < 0.00001).

Conclusions:
Pulmonary functions abnormality in post-COVID-19 pneumonia cases has been documented and should be assessed cautiously to have successful treatment outcome. Restrictive lung disease is the predominant lung function impairment in post-COVID 19 recovered lung pneumonia cases. Age above 50 years, male gender, diabetes, High CT severity, longer duration of illness, proper timing of initiation of BIPAP/NIV therapy, has documented significant impact on post-COVID lung functions at 12 weeks assessment.
Correlation of Subjective and Objective Assessment of Hypernasality in Children with Repaired Cleft Lip and Palate
Authors: Girish K. S. , Pushpavathi M. 
Published: May 2024

Introduction:
Correlational studies between subjective and objective evaluations in the area of cleft lip and palate might provide evidence on the reliability and validity of subjective evaluations. This will, in turn, help in deciding to use subjective evaluations in remote areas. Such correlational studies are scanty in Indian languages.

Aims:
The present study aimed at correlating the perceptual rating of hypernasality with its instrumental measure in Kannada speaking children with repaired cleft lip and palate (RCLP) across different stimuli. The study also discusses various aspects that affect nasality (the type of speech stimuli and age of first palatal surgery) which helps in better understanding of RCLP cases and their characteristics.

Settings and Design:
This study was based on correlational research designs.

Subjects and Methods:
Twenty-three Kannada speaking children with RCLP served as participants. Speech samples (vowels, oral words, nasal words, oral sentences, nasal sentences, and oronasal sentences) of children with RCLP were recorded using a sound level meter and were perceptually evaluated using Henningsson's rating scale by three experienced speech-language pathologists. Furthermore, nasalance values were objectively obtained using a nasometer.

Statistical Analysis:
This study was statistically analyzed using the Shapiro–Wilk test of normality and Spearman's correlation.

Results:
The results revealed a high positive correlation (0.78) between the subjective and objective assessment. The different degrees of perceptually rated hypernasality were in a positive correlation with nasometry scores of vowels (0.766), words (0.785), and sentences (0.819).

Conclusions:
A good correlation was obtained between the subjective and objective measurement of nasality indicating the high utility of perceptual evaluation in remote areas.
Raised Bilirubin: An Independent Indicator for Perforated or Gangrenous Appendicitis
Authors: Pattnaik Manas Ranjan , Ghose Saurov , Basra Sharanjit Singh , Kumar Brajesh , Panigrahi Mohit Mohan , Ramakrishnan DM 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Introduction:
Acute Appendicitis is still one of the most common surgical emergencies that most general surgeons encounter in their practice. Diagnosis of acute appendicitis is made in almost 80% of cases, clinically and is helped by some laboratory tests. Certain clinical scoring systems such as Alvarado Score and MANTRELS Score have been developed to aid in diagnosis. A delay in diagnosis or delayed presentation leads to perforation and localized or generalized peritonitis leading to increased mortality. Furthermore, the presence of appendicolith has been found to be correlated with complicated appendicitis. Increased bilirubin level (>1.0) has been indicated as marker for predicting appendiceal perforation in various studies.

Objective:
This study aimed to evaluate whether a raised bilirubin level has an independent predictive value for complicated appendix.

Methods:
This was a prospective observational study conducted at Command Hospital, Lucknow, and was further continued at Military Hospital Jaipur and Military Hospital, Jammu, from January 2021 to December 2023. A total of 169 patients were included in the study. After clinical examination, laboratory tests were sent for routine investigations to include total leukocyte count and liver function test. Subsequently, they underwent appendicectomy and intraoperative findings were noted. Data were further analyzed to know the correlation of raised bilirubin with various parameters such as presentation, MANTRELS scoring, presence or absence of appendicolith, intraoperative findings, and pathological findings.

Results:
In our study, in acute presentation of appendicitis, serum bilirubin was raised (>1 mg/dL) in 94 patients. However, in chronic presentation, it was raised only two patients. This difference was statistically significant with P < 0.001. MANTRELS scoring was compared with bilirubin level and it was found that the patients with higher score had raised bilirubin level with a mean of 7.98 and median was 8. Patients with normal bilirubin level had mean MANTRELS score of 7.01 and median of 7. This difference was significant. Gangrenous appendix, burst or perforated appendix with intraperitoneal pus was found in 39 patients. Out of 39 patients, 38 patients had raised bilirubin level which was statistically significant P < 0.001. In our study, 23 patients had appendicolith, out of which 21 patients had raised bilirubin level which was statistically significant. Thirty-seven patients out of a total of 38 patients with perforated or gangrenous appendix on histopathological examination had raised bilirubin level while only one patient had normal bilirubin level which was statistically significant.

Conclusion:
A high index of suspicion should be kept for complicated appendicitis in a patient with acute appendicitis with raised bilirubin.
Burden of Significant Anxiety and Stress Symptoms in Persons with Visual Impairment in a Nigerian Hospital
Authors: Okeke Suhanyah , Onu Justus Uchenna , Asimadu Ifeoma Nwabuogo , Onyebueke Godwin C. 
Published: May 2024

Background:
Visual impairment (VI) presents a unique situation for adaptation with diverse socio-cultural and psychological consequences. However, the treatment of patients with visual impairment (PVI) in Nigeria is yet to embrace the biopsychosocial model thereby leaving huge unmet mental health needs.

Aims:
The aim of the study was to determine the burden of anxiety disorders and stress symptoms in PVI and highlight its relationship with vision-related health status.

Subjects and Methods:
This was a cross-sectional study involving 400 PVI using standard criteria. Screening for anxiety disorders and stress symptoms was done using the 21-item Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS). Diagnosis of anxiety disorders was confirmed using relevant modules of the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Inventory (MINI). The vision-targeted health status was measured using the 25-Item Visual Function Questionnaire (WHO-NEI-VFQ-25). Multivariate linear regression model was used to determine the potential predictors of general health and vision sub-scales of quality of life.

Results:
The prevalence (95% confidence interval [CI]) of anxiety disorders and significant stress symptoms were 29.5% (25.1%–34.2%) and 34.5% (29.9%–39.4%), respectively. Vision-related quality of life scores in the domains of general health, general vision, ocular pain and mental health were significantly lower in participants with anxiety disorders when compared with those without (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:
The findings of this study support the thinking that the presence of significant anxiety and stress symptoms lower the quality of life of the visually impaired. This has implications for clinical practice in the areas of routine screening for psychiatric morbidities and integration of psychosocial care into ophthalmic care.
Correlation Between Foot Length and Height in a Cohort of 1677 Nigerian School Children
Authors: Bafor Anirejuoritse , Chibuzom Chukwuemeka Ndubuisi , Mbanuzuru Ahoma Victor 
Published: May 2024

Background:
Dimensions of body parts have been used to estimate height in different populations using correlation equations. Among these, foot length has been found to be a reliable predictor of height in adult and pediatric populations.

Aims:
This study was designed to derive correlation equations for estimating height from foot length among a cohort of Nigerian school-age children.

Subjects and Methods:
Foot length, weight, and height measurements were obtained from healthy primary-school students of Nigerian descent aged 5–13 years in Benin City, Nigeria.

Results:
In total, 1677 subjects consisting of 778 boys and 899 girls were included in this study. The mean height for boys and girls was 134 ± 11 cm and 135 ± 13.5 cm, respectively, while the mean foot length was 21.9 ± 2 cm in boys and 21.9 ± 2.1 cm in girls. A significant correlation was observed between the length of both feet in boys and girls. No significant gender differences were observed in the foot length. A significant correlation was observed between height and the average foot length in boys and girls (P < 0.0001 for both sexes). We derived linear regression equations to determine the height from foot length for boys (height [cm]) = (4.6238 × average foot length [cm]) + 32.843 and girls (height [cm]) = (4.9276 × average foot length [cm]) + 27.373. Wilcoxon matched-pairs signed rank test determined that there was no statistically significant difference between the actual and predicted height based on the regression equations in both sexes.

Conclusion:
Our findings show that foot length can be used to estimate the height of school-aged Nigerian children. This finding is valuable in forensic medicine and in the estimation of height when actual height measurement is not possible.
External Cephalic Version
Authors: Bako Babagana , Geidam Ado Danazumi , Zaifada Zanna Usman , Musa Fadimatu Yusuf 
Published: May 2024

Background:
External cephalic version (ECV) is the first-line treatment in the management of uncomplicated breech presentation at term.

Objectives:
The aim of this study was to determine the success rate, factors associated with success, and obstetric outcome of ECV for breech presentation at term.

Materials and Methods:
This was a longitudinal interventional study of patients with breech presentation at term who underwent ECV at the University of Maiduguri Teaching Hospital from January 1, 2017 to December 31, 2018. Data analysis was performed using IBM SPSS version 25.0 and a statistically significant association was determined using chi-square or Fisher exact test for categorical data as appropriate. Multinomial logistic regression was computed to find factors independently associated with ECV success. A value of P was set at <0.05.

Result:
The success rate of ECV was 78.5% (62/79). There were no differences in the mean age, parity, and gestational age at ECV between the successful and the unsuccessful groups with P = 0.19, 0.79, and 0.36, respectively. Multinomial logistic regression analysis showed that parous women, women who did not complain of pain during the procedure, women who weighed 80 kg or less, and women with an estimated fetal weight of <3.5 kg were significantly associated with successful ECV. There was an increased risk of postterm pregnancy and induction of labor among women with successful ECV. There were no maternal or fetal complications associated with the procedure.

Conclusion:
ECV is safe and associated with a high success rate. It should be offered routinely to all eligible women with breech at term.
Relations of plasma homocysteine to left ventricular geometry and functions
Authors: Agbogu-Ike Obiageli Uzoamaka , Maiha Bilkisu Bello , Okonkwo Lilian Okwubenata , Aliyu Mohammed , Oyati Albert Imhoagene 
Published: May 2024

Background:
Hyperhomocysteinemia is a risk factor for heart failure commonly in females. The study aimed at determining Hcy's association with left ventricular (LV) remodeling.

Materials and Methods:
A cross-sectional study evaluating the relationship of plasma Hcy to echocardiographic LV structure and function in 65 apparently healthy Nigerians (Mean age 41.87 ± 12.90 years, 52.2% females) without cardiovascular disease.

Results:
The mean Hcy level was 10.76 ± 2.69 μmol/L with no significant (P = 0.89) sex difference and 50.8% of the subjects had Hcy levels within the fourth quartile (hcy: 10.3–17.5 μmol/L). Plasma Hcy showed no significant (P > 0.05) relationship to LV mass (LVM), wall thickness (WT), relative WT, systolic/tissue-Doppler-derived diastolic function, and left atrial dimension in both sexes. Hyperhomocysteinemia (hcy >10.3 μmol/L) was significantly (P < 0.007) correlated to LVM indexed to height2.7 in all subjects but showed no such association in the unadjusted and adjusted binary logistic regression models. The odd of hyperhomocysteinemic patients having thicker LVM trended more toward females (odds ratio: 1.44, 95% confidence interval, 0.59–3.50) than males.

Conclusion:
Plasma hyperhomocysteinemia found in healthy Nigerian-Africans shows no relationship to LV remodeling, echocardiographic LV structural and functional parameters.