bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Histologic Comparison of Ultra-fine Diced Cartilage and Conventionally Diced Cartilage Wrapped in Fascia in a Rabbit model
Authors: Lee Seok Joon , Kim Young Sam , Jeong Hyung Hwa , Kim Tae Hyung , Choi Jong Woo 
Published: February 2025

Background:
Ultra-fine dicing, which reduces cartilage particles to less than 0.2 mm, has gained attention for producing dense implants with reduced distortion. However, concerns about long-term viability and cell damage due to extensive manipulation remain. We aimed to compare the histological outcomes of ultra-fine and conventionally diced cartilage wrapped in fascia in a rabbit model, providing insight into their potential use in rhinoplasty.

Methods:
Ten New Zealand White rabbits were divided into two groups. Cartilage was harvested from both ears, with one graft diced into 1–2 mm pieces and the other into pieces less than 0.2 mm. Both types were wrapped in fascia and implanted subcutaneously. Histological analyses using hematoxylin and eosin, Masson’s trichrome, and Safranin-O staining were performed at 8 weeks and 6 months postoperatively. The percentages of cartilage cells and dead space were compared between groups.

Results:
Results demonstrated significantly higher cartilage cell density in the ultra-fine diced group at both 8 weeks and 6 months than that in the conventionally diced group. The ultra-fine diced cartilage also exhibited less dead space and maintained a dense composition of type II collagen, suggesting a resilient and natural implant material.

Conclusions:
Ultra-fine dicing resulted in superior histological outcomes, with higher cartilage cell density and less fibrosis compared to those observed with conventional methods. These findings suggest that ultra-fine diced cartilage may be an effective method for achieving natural and stable results in rhinoplasty. However, further research involving human participants is needed to confirm these results.

Clinical relevance statement:
Ultra-fine dicing of cartilage provides superior histological outcomes, with higher cell density and less fibrosis compared to conventional methods. This technique may offer plastic surgeons a more effective option for achieving stable, natural results in rhinoplasty, pending further human studies.
First-in-Human Safety, Tolerability, Efficacy, and Pharmacokinetics of Pegfosimer Manganese (SN132D) for Contrast-Enhanced MRI of Breast Cancer
Authors: Wärnberg Fredrik , Axelsson Oskar , Curiac Dan , Hargreaves Paul , Karakatsanis Andreas , Lekmeechai Sujinna , Hansen Mats 
Published: February 2025

Objectives
The primary objective of the first-in-human (FIH) study was to evaluate the safety and tolerability of the manganese (Mn)-based contrast agent pegfosimer manganese in participants with newly diagnosed breast cancer, and secondary objectives included preliminary efficacy, and pharmacokinetics (PK) of the agent.

Methods
A single intravenous 1-hour infusion of pegfosimer manganese was administered to 2 cohorts; 6 participants at the starting dose of 10 μmol Mn/kg, followed by 8 participants at the expansion dose of 20 μmol Mn/kg, cohorts 1 and 2, respectively. The safety was evaluated based on reported adverse events (AEs), including serious AEs, physical examination, vital signs, electrocardiogram, and safety laboratory parameters. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) acquisition was performed precontrast and postcontrast to assess the clinical relevance of images in primary breast tumors, liver, and pancreas relative to reference tissue. PK parameters were calculated from a noncompartmental analysis of the plasma Mn concentrations versus time.

Results
There was a total of 29 AEs reported to all participants of the 2 cohorts. The AEs were mostly of mild to moderate severity and possibly or probably related to the contrast agent. No clinically significant changes in the safety laboratory parameters were reported, except for transiently elevated transaminases observed at the end of the infusion. Clinically relevant low-background MRI scans for clinical visualization of primary breast tumor, liver, and pancreas were obtained at the expanded dose level. Pegfosimer manganese has an initial plasma half-life of approximately 7 minutes.

Conclusion
The FIH study of pegfosimer manganese demonstrated an acceptable safety profile and sufficient contrast enhancement for clinically relevant MRI sequences in participants with primary breast tumors.
Tamsulosin to Prevent Urinary Retention After Vaginal Urogynecologic Surgery
Authors: Song Jun , Carrillo Luis , Tibon Jasmine , Botros-Brey Sylvia , Evans Elizabeth , Alas Alexandriah 
Published: February 2025

Importance
Postoperative urinary retention (POUR) affects up to 51% of women undergoing surgery for pelvic organ prolapse (POP). Effective prevention strategies remain elusive, although alpha receptor antagonists show promise in recent literature.

Objectives
This study sought to evaluate the effect of preoperative tamsulosin on POUR after vaginal surgery for POP.

Study Design
We conducted a retrospective cohort study of female patients undergoing vaginal surgery for POP, with or without concomitant midurethral sling. Patients who received preoperative tamsulosin were compared with controls. All patients were discharged on the day of surgery after undergoing a standardized voiding trial. The primary outcome was the rate of POUR, defined by a failed voiding trial. Secondary outcomes included complication rates and risk factors for POUR.

Results
A total of 195 patients were included for analysis, with 60 patients (30.8%) receiving tamsulosin and 135 (69.2%) not. Baseline demographics were similar between groups, except the tamsulosin group had lower parity and were less likely to splint to void. The tamsulosin group had similar rates of POUR compared with control (31.7% vs 34.8%, P = 0.67). Multivariate logistic regression controlling for confounders showed no significant effect of tamsulosin on POUR rates (odds ratio, 0.65; 95% confidence interval, 0.31–1.35; P = 0.24). Concomitant sling placement was identified as the only independent risk factor for POUR (odds ratio, 3.00; 95% confidence interval, 1.55–5.81; P = 0.001).

Conclusions
Preoperative tamsulosin does not appear to be effective in preventing postoperative urinary retention in women undergoing vaginal surgery for POP, whereas concomitant sling placement appears to increase its risk.
Strength measurements of the
ERlab=647
and 1842 keV resonances in the
Ca40(p,γ)Sc41
reaction and their relevance in novae nucleosynthesis
Authors: Sidhu R. S. , deBoer R. J. , Görres J. , Wiescher M. , Koros J. , Manukyan K. , Matney M. , McDonaugh J. , Picciotto V. , Sanchez A. T. , Stech E. , von Seeger W. W. , Zimmer L. 
Published: February 2025

Here we report on the direct measurement of the resonance strengths of the ERlab=647keV and 1842 keV resonances in the Ca40(p,γ)Sc41 reaction. At novae temperatures, 0.2<T9<0.7, the Ca40(p,γ)Sc41 reaction is governed by the low energy resonance at ERlab=647keV, whereas the ERlab=1842keV resonance serves as a normalization standard for nuclear reaction experiments within the astrophysically relevant energy range. For the ERlab=647keV resonance, we obtain a resonance strength ωγ=(2.51±0.09stat±0.22syst)meV, with an uncertainty a factor of 2.5 smaller than the previous direct measurement value. For the ERlab=1842keV resonance, we obtain a resonance strength ωγ=(0.148±0.006stat±0.013syst)eV, which is consistent with previous studies but deviates by 2σ from the most recent measurement. Our results suggest Ca40 to be a strong waiting point in the nucleosynthesis path of oxygen-neon (ONe) novae.

Published by the American Physical Society
2025
Dynamic capabilities, intellectual capital and organisational performance: mediation and moderation effects
Authors: Awwad Mohammad Suleiman 
Published: February 2025

PurposeThis study explores the relationship between intellectual capital (IC), dynamic capabilities (DCs) and organisational performance (OP), addressing disagreements on whether IC is an antecedent or consequence of DCs and whether IC and DCs mediate or moderate the interactions between these constructs.Design/methodology/approachTo address the study questions, four different models were developed that highlight the controversy among researchers regarding the nature of the interplay between IC, DCs, and OP. A cross-sectional survey of 394 managers working for government agencies and departments in Jordan’s capital city, Amman, was conducted to investigate different scholars’ perspectives on the nature of the interaction between these variables. The retrieved responses (166 with a 42.1% response rate) were analysed using SmartPLS.FindingsOur results revealed that IC did not affect OP, whereas DCs did across the four models. IC affects DCs, and DCs also affect IC, highlighting the potential reciprocal relationship. The relationship between the variables is one of mediation and not moderation, which implies that DCs do not function as a moderator between IC and OP, and IC does not act as a moderator between DCs and OP. These results offer a complex picture of the connections between IC, DCs and OP, which has interesting implications for practice.Research limitations/implicationsOur study reveals the significant role of DCs in OP within government institutions by extending theories on DCs’ adaptability and competitiveness. It emphasises the need for active management of IC to yield performance benefits, aligning with resource-based theories. This study also clarifies the mediation and moderation effects, opens new research avenues and highlights the potential reciprocal interaction between IC and DCs.Originality/valueThis study is the first to explore the reciprocal interaction between IC and DCs and the mediating and/or moderating role of either IC or DCs in their relationship with OP within the public sector, which has not received sufficient attention from scholars, especially in developing countries such as Jordan.
Building competitive advantage: how organizational culture shapes absorptive capacity through knowledge sharing
Authors: Iqbal Salman , Ullah Sami , Rizwan Amina , Nazeer Naima , Rasheed Mamoona , Siddiqi Ahmad Faisal Imtiaz 
Published: February 2025

PurposeThe strict regulations and reporting requirements in microfinance institutions require a high level of knowledge and expertise in finance, accounting and risk management. Therefore, microfinance institutions (MFIs) must possess a high absorptive capacity to understand their customers’ needs and develop appropriate products and services to meet them. This study explains how organizational culture influences absorptive capacity in MFIs, with a particular focus on the mediating role of knowledge sharing.Design/methodology/approachData were collected from 450 randomly selected employees of microfinance banking institutions in Pakistan. The data were tested for reliability and validity, and hypotheses were tested through structural equation modeling in WarpPLS 8.0.FindingsThe findings show that knowledge! sharing mediates the relationship between organizational culture and absorptive capacity. Thus, MFIs should promote knowledge sharing as a cultural value to improve their ability to acquire and utilize new knowledge, enhance absorptive capacity to drive innovation and facilitate the development of new products and services.Practical implicationsMFIs with higher absorptive capacity are more likely to be able to respond to changes in the market, such as new technologies or shifting customer demands. Therefore, managers should promote a culture of sharing knowledge and expertise to ensure adaptability in dynamic market conditions.Originality/valueThis research provides a framework for organizations to better understand the role of knowledge sharing in their success and how to leverage it to enhance their absorptive capacity. It is valuable for academics and practitioners seeking to improve organizational performance and competitiveness.
Becoming Bedridden and Being Bedridden: Implications for Nursing and Care for Older People in Long‐Term Care: A Scoping Review
Authors: Berger Bianca , Graeb Fabian , Baumann Manfred , Wolke Reinhold 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundAn increasing number of individuals aged 60 and older will rely on healthcare services, particularly due to increased physical limitations and mobility restrictions. This implies an increase in permanently immobile, often bedridden people who require targeted care. Mobility impairments progress gradually, leading to loss of autonomy and self‐care skills, physical decline, functional deterioration, disability, etc. This review synthesises research findings on the implications of becoming and being bedridden for nursing care of older people in long‐term care.ObjectivesThe aim of this scoping review was to explore the current state of research on the topic of bedriddenness in older people in the context of long‐term care and to identify research gaps.MethodsWe analysed English and German language peer‐reviewed publications from the electronic databases MEDLINE (PubMed), CINAHL, LIVIO and Scopus. Publications from 1998 to 2023 were included if they addressed ‘bedriddenness’, the ‘process of becoming bedridden’, ‘prevention’ and the ‘consequences of bedriddenness’, and the ‘care of bedridden people’. The PRISMA‐ScR guidelines were used.ResultsWe identified 250 publications based on the defined inclusion criteria. We included 47 in detail condensing their content and organising them according to developed categories, bedriddenness and its prevention, development, consequences and care, which were the subject of intensive research. Although researchers have focused on risk factors for the development of immobility and its negative consequences for those affected, they paid little attention to self‐determination and the organisation of life in bed, which enables those affected to participate. Different ideas regarding the term ‘bedriddenness’ indicate the need for a consensus definition.ConclusionOur review shows that articles strongly focus on the process of becoming bedridden. Many publications examine bedridden people's care by emphasising the perspective of (informal) caregivers and the challenges they face. The perspective of bedridden people, together with the consideration of psychosocial dimensions of bedriddenness and the promotion of opportunities for participation, should be focused on in further research. Appropriate concepts for training and nursing practice would be helpful.Implications for PracticeBedriddenness is a phenomenon that mainly affects older people, particularly those living in nursing homes. Concepts should be developed that reflect the reality of bedridden people's lives. Targeted interventions to improve the mobility of people with severe mobility impairments are important. Therefore, it is essential to establish educational modules for (informal) caregivers that consider mobility and rehabilitative practices as an integral part of care.
Significance of nonlinearity consideration in finite element analysis for preclinical strength assessment of extramedullary femur plates
Authors: Kumar Neeraj , Nag Pratik , Chanda Souptick 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Accurate finite element (FE)-based evaluations demand realistic modeling of the bone-implant construct. For this, considering nonlinearity in the FE model sometimes becomes essential. Human femora exhibit nonlinear mechanical behavior, which could be attributed to material, large deformation, and boundary conditions. The nonlinearity due to material is specified as material nonlinearity, while due to large deformation or boundary conditions is specified as geometric nonlinearity. The objective of the present study is to comprehend the importance of incorporating nonlinearity into FE analyses of extramedullary plates used to treat proximal femoral fractures. Two extramedullary implants – one proximal femoral locking plate (PFLP) and another variable angle-dynamic hip screw (VA-DHS) - were fixated with a femur analog having a simulated intertrochanteric fracture. The constructs were analyzed dynamically for normal walking gait activity and sideways fall scenarios. The analyses were carried out by considering both geometric as well as total (geometric & material) nonlinearity, and the same were compared with the results from linear models. The results obtained from FE analyses of intact and implanted constructs were validated from in-vitro experimental data and FE analysis data reported in previous studies. The investigation revealed that a comprehensive nonlinear analysis, considering both geometric and material factors, can minimize the error percentage to less than 5% while comparing with the data obtained from the experimental approach. The PFLP implant was found to impart higher stiffness (~30%) as compared to the VA-DHS implant under both load cases of walking and sideways fall.
Herpes simplex virus assembly and spread in murine skin after infection from the outside
Authors: Richardo Timmy , Liu Xiaokun , Döhner Katinka , Chao Tsung-Yu , Buch Anna , Binz Anne , Pohlmann Anja , de le Roi Madeleine , Baumgärtner Wolfgang , Brand Korbinian , Bauerfeind Rudolf , Förster Reinhold , Sodeik Beate , Halle Stephan 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT

Herpes simplex viruses (HSV) cause many skin diseases, particularly in immunocompromised patients. HSV-1 infection of murine skin recapitulates many aspects of human pathology. However, many protocols rely on mechanical or enzymatic skin disruption to induce lesions, although this can alter skin homeostasis and prime antiviral inflammation before inoculation. To investigate the initial events following HSV-1 primary skin infection before the onset of symptoms, we developed a novel murine
ex vivo
explant model using gentle depilation without further scarification and infected keratinocytes from the outside with minimal tissue damage. Two-photon microscopy showed that HSV-1 spread exclusively in the epidermis. The infection centers increased in number and size over time and contained hundreds of infected keratinocytes. We investigated the HSV-1 spread at the cellular level, using reporter strains with fluorescently tagged capsid protein VP26, and observed the formation of nuclear capsid assembly sites and nuclear capsid egress and the recruitment of the inner tegument protein pUL37GFP, the outer tegument protein VP11/12GFP, and the envelope protein gDGFP to cytoplasmic capsids. By using electron microscopy, the skin appeared intact, and keratinocytes contained many nuclear capsids, primary virions in the nuclear envelope, cytosolic membrane-associated capsids, and enveloped virions. Our protocol provides a robust and reproducible approach to investigate the very early events of HSV-1 spread in the skin, to characterize the phenotypes of HSV-1 mutants in terminally differentiated skin tissues, and to evaluate potentially antiviral small molecules in a preclinical
ex vivo
infection model.

IMPORTANCE

This study describes a novel murine
ex vivo
skin explant model to investigate early events in HSV-1 infection without causing significant tissue damage. To infect from the outside, via the apical keratinocytes, this method relies on gentle depilation, which maintains skin integrity. HSV-1 spread exclusively within the epidermis, with infection centers increasing over time and involving hundreds of keratinocytes. Using advanced microscopy techniques, we tracked HSV-1 spread at the cellular level and intracellular assembly of all intermediate virus structures. This model offers a valuable tool for studying the initial stages of HSV-1 infection, assessing viral mutant phenotypes, and testing antiviral compounds in a more physiological context to provide critical insights into HSV-1 pathogenesis and therapeutic strategies.
Prophages are infrequently associated with antibiotic resistance in
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
clinical isolates
Authors: Chang Tony H. , Pourtois Julie D. , Haddock Naomi L. , Furukawa Daisuke , Kelly Kate E. , Amanatullah Derek F. , Burgener Elizabeth , Milla Carlos , Banaei Niaz , Bollyky Paul L. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT

Lysogenic bacteriophages can integrate their genome into the bacterial chromosome in the form of a prophage and can promote genetic transfer between bacterial strains
in vitro
. However, the contribution of lysogenic bacteriophages to the incidence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in clinical settings is poorly understood. Here, in a set of 186 clinical isolates of
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
collected from respiratory cultures from 82 patients with cystic fibrosis, we evaluate the links between prophage counts and both genomic and phenotypic resistance to six anti-pseudomonal antibiotics: tobramycin, colistin, ciprofloxacin, meropenem, aztreonam, and piperacillin–tazobactam. We identified 239 different prophages in total. We find that
P. aeruginosa
isolates contain on average 3.06 ± 1.84 (SD) predicted prophages. We find no significant association between the number of prophages per isolate and the minimum inhibitory concentration for any of these antibiotics. We then investigate the relationship between particular prophages and AMR. We identify a single lysogenic phage associated with phenotypic resistance to the antibiotic tobramycin and, consistent with this association, we observe that AMR genes associated with resistance to tobramycin are more likely to be found when this prophage is present. However, we find that they are not encoded directly on prophage sequences. Additionally, we identify a single prophage statistically associated with ciprofloxacin resistance but do not identify any genes associated with ciprofloxacin phenotypic resistance. These findings suggest that prophages are only infrequently associated with the AMR genes in clinical isolates of
P. aeruginosa
.

IMPORTANCE

Antibiotic-resistant infections of
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
(
Pa
), a leading pathogen in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF), are a global health threat. While lysogenic bacteriophages are known to facilitate horizontal gene transfer, their role in promoting antibiotic resistance in clinical settings remains poorly understood. In our analysis of 186 clinical isolates of
P. aeruginosa
from CF patients, we find that prophage abundance does not predict phenotypic resistance to key antibiotics but that specific prophages are infrequently associated with tobramycin resistance genes. In addition, we do not find antimicrobial resistance (AMR) genes encoded directly on prophages. These results highlight that while phages can be associated with AMR, phage-mediated AMR transfer may be rare in clinical isolates and difficult to identify. This work is important for future efforts on mitigating AMR in CFCF and other vulnerable populations affected by
Pa
infections and advances our understanding of bacterial-phage dynamics in clinical infections.