bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The implementation of the functional task exercise programme for elderly people living at home
Authors: Fleuren Margot A H , Vrijkotte Susan , Jans Marielle P , Pin Renske , van Hespen Ariette , van Meeteren Nico L U , Siemonsma Petra C 
Published: July 2012

Abstract

Background
The Functional Task Exercise programme is an evidence-based exercise programme for elderly people living at home. It enhances physical capacity with sustainable effects. FTE is provided by physiotherapists and remedial therapists. Although the intervention was found to be effective in a Randomised Controlled Trial, we may not assume that therapists will automatically supply the programme or that elderly people will automatically join the programme. This study protocol focuses on identifying determinants of implementation, developing implementation strategies and studying the effects of the implementation in daily practice.

Methods/Design
Phase 1: The systematic identification of determinants of the implementation of FTE among therapists and the elderly. A questionnaire study was conducted in a random sample of 100 therapists, and interviews took place with 23 therapists and 8 elderly people (aged 66 to 80 years). The determinants were broken down into four categories: the characteristics of the environment, the organisation, the therapists, and the training programme.
Phase 2: Developing and applying strategies adapted to the determinants identified. Fifteen physiotherapists will be trained to provide FTE and to recruit elderly people living at home. The therapists will then deliver the 12-week programme to two groups of elderly, each consisting of six to twelve people aged 70 years or older.
Phase 3: Study of implementation and the impact. To study the actual use of FTE: 1) therapists record information about the selection of participants and how they apply the key features of FTE, 2) the participating elderly will keep an exercise logbook, 3) telephone interviews will take place with the therapists and the elderly and there will be on-site visits. The effects on the elderly people will be studied using: 1) the Patient-Specific Questionnaire, the Timed Up and Go test and a two performance tests. All tests will be performed at the start of the FTE programme, half way through, and at the end of the programme.

Discussion
The number of older people will increase in many countries in the years to come and so the project outcomes will be of interest to policy-makers, insurance companies, health-care professionals and implementation researchers.
‘Information on the fly’: Challenges in professional communication in high technological nursing. A focus group study from a radiotherapy department in Sweden
Authors: Widmark Catarina , Tishelman Carol , Gustafsson Helena , Sharp Lena 
Published: July 2012

Abstract

Background
Radiotherapy (RT) units are high-tech nursing environments. In Sweden, RT registered nurses (RNs) provide and manage RT in close collaboration with other professional groups, as well as providing nursing care for patients with cancer. Communication demands on these RNs are thus particularly complex. In this study, we aimed to better understand problems, strengths and change needs related to professional communication with and within the RT department, as a basis for developing a situation-specific intervention.

Methods
Focus groups discussions (FGDs) were conducted with different professional (RNs, assistant nurses, physicians, engineers and physicists) and user stakeholders. Transcripts of the FGDs were inductively analyzed by a team of researchers, to generate clinically relevant and useful data.

Results
These findings give insight into RT safety climate and are presented under three major headings: Conceptualization of professional domains; Organization and leadership issues; and Communication forms, strategies and processes. The impact of existing hierarchies, including how they are conceptualized and acted out in practice, was noted throughout these data. Despite other differences, participating professionals agreed about communication problems related to RT, i.e. a lack of systems and processes for information transfer, unclear role differentiation, a sense of mutual disrespect, and ad hoc communication taking place ‘on the fly’. While all professional groups recognized extensive communication problems, none acknowledged the potential negative effects on patient safety or care described in the FGD with patient representatives. While RNs often initially denied the existence of a hierarchy, they placed themselves on a hierarchy in their descriptions, describing their own role as passive, with a sense of powerlessness. Potential safety hazards described in the FGDs include not reporting medical errors and silently ignoring or actively opposing new guidelines and regulations.

Conclusions
There is a risk that RNs who view themselves as disenfranchised within an organization will act with passive resistance to change, rather than as change promoters. As interventions to strengthen teams cannot be stronger than the weakest link, RNs may need support in the transition “from silence to voice” in order to take a position of full professional responsibility in a multi-professional health care team.
Selective emitter using a screen printed etch barrier in crystalline silicon solar cell
Authors: Song Kyuwan , Kim Bonggi , Lee Hoongjoo , Lee Youn-Jung , Park Cheolmin , Balaji Nagarajan , Ju Minkyu , Choi Jaewoo , Yi Junsin 
Published: July 2012

Abstract
The low level doping of a selective emitter by etch back is an easy and low cost process to obtain a better blue response from a solar cell. This work suggests that the contact resistance of the selective emitter can be controlled by wet etching with the commercial acid barrier paste that is commonly applied in screen printing. Wet etching conditions such as acid barrier curing time, etchant concentration, and etching time have been optimized for the process, which is controllable as well as fast. The acid barrier formed by screen printing was etched with HF and HNO3 (1:200) solution for 15 s, resulting in high sheet contact resistance of 90 Ω/sq. Doping concentrations of the electrode contact portion were 2 × 1021 cm−3 in the low sheet resistance (Rs) region and 7 × 1019 cm−3 in the high Rs region. Solar cells of 12.5 × 12.5 cm2 in dimensions with a wet etch back selective emitter J
sc of 37 mAcm−2, open circuit voltage (V
oc) of 638.3 mV and efficiency of 18.13% were fabricated. The result showed an improvement of about 13 mV on V
oc compared to those of the reference solar cell fabricated with the reactive-ion etching back selective emitter and with J
sc of 36.90 mAcm−2, V
oc of 625.7 mV, and efficiency of 17.60%.
Photoacoustic effects in nanocomposite structure ‘porous silicon-liquid’
Authors: Andrusenko Dmitriy , Isaiev Mykola , Kuzmich Andrey , Lysenko Vladimir , Burbelo Roman 
Published: July 2012

Abstract
Photoacoustic effect in nanocomposite structure ‘porous silicon-liquid’ has been investigated. Main mechanisms involved in the formation of photoacoustic signal in such structures have been experimentally studied. Liquids with different viscosity (ethanol and acetone) filling the nanopores have been used. A proposed mathematical model describing the photoacoustic signal formation was found to be in good agreement with the experimental results. The role of thermally induced pressures provoked by the liquids confined inside the nanopores in the photoacoustic process has been analyzed.
On the solvability of a Neumann boundary value problem for the differential equation "Equation missing"
Authors: Palamides P , Kelevedjiev P , Popivanov N 
Published: July 2012

Abstract
Using barrier strip arguments, we investigate the existence of

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MSC:34B15.
Keratinocyte expression of inflammatory mediators plays a crucial role in substance P-induced acute and chronic pain
Authors: Wei Tzuping , Guo Tian-Zhi , Li Wen-Wu , Hou Saiyun , Kingery Wade S , Clark John David 
Published: July 2012

Abstract
Tibia fracture in rats followed by cast immobilization leads to nociceptive, trophic, vascular and bone-related changes similar to those seen in Complex Regional Pain Syndrome (CRPS). Substance P (SP) mediated neurogenic inflammation may be responsible for some of the signs of CRPS in humans. We therefore hypothesized that SP acting through the SP receptor (NK1) leads to the CRPS-like changes found in the rat model. In the present study, we intradermally injected rats with SP and monitored hindpaw mechanical allodynia, temperature, and thickness as well as tissue levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin 1β (IL-1β), interleukin 6 (IL-6), and nerve growth factor-β (NGF) for 72 h. Anti-NGF antibody was utilized to block the effects of SP-induced NGF up-regulation. Fracture rats treated with the selective NK1 receptor antagonist LY303870 prior to cast removal were assessed for BrdU, a DNA synthesis marker, incorporation in skin cells to examine cellular proliferation. Bone microarchitecture was measured using micro computed tomography (μCT). We observed that: (1) SP intraplantar injection induced mechanical allodynia, warmth and edema as well as the expression of nociceptive mediators in the hindpaw skin of normal rats, (2) LY303870 administered intraperitoneally after fracture attenuated allodynia, hindpaw unweighting, warmth, and edema, as well as cytokine and NGF expression, (3) LY303870 blocked fracture-induced epidermal thickening and BrdU incorporation after fracture, (4) anti-NGF antibody blocked SP-induced allodynia but not warmth or edema, and (5) LY303870 had no effect on bone microarchitecture. Collectively our data indicate that SP acting through NK1 receptors supports the nociceptive and vascular components of CRPS, but not the bone-related changes.
Sets2Networks: network inference from repeated observations of sets
Authors: Clark Neil R , Dannenfelser Ruth , Tan Christopher M , Komosinski Michael E , Ma'ayan Avi 
Published: July 2012

Abstract

Background
The skeleton of complex systems can be represented as networks where vertices represent entities, and edges represent the relations between these entities. Often it is impossible, or expensive, to determine the network structure by experimental validation of the binary interactions between every vertex pair. It is usually more practical to infer the network from surrogate observations. Network inference is the process by which an underlying network of relations between entities is determined from indirect evidence. While many algorithms have been developed to infer networks from quantitative data, less attention has been paid to methods which infer networks from repeated co-occurrence of entities in related sets. This type of data is ubiquitous in the field of systems biology and in other areas of complex systems research. Hence, such methods would be of great utility and value.

Results
Here we present a general method for network inference from repeated observations of sets of related entities. Given experimental observations of such sets, we infer the underlying network connecting these entities by generating an ensemble of networks consistent with the data. The frequency of occurrence of a given link throughout this ensemble is interpreted as the probability that the link is present in the underlying real network conditioned on the data. Exponential random graphs are used to generate and sample the ensemble of consistent networks, and we take an algorithmic approach to numerically execute the inference method. The effectiveness of the method is demonstrated on synthetic data before employing this inference approach to problems in systems biology and systems pharmacology, as well as to construct a co-authorship collaboration network. We predict direct protein-protein interactions from high-throughput mass-spectrometry proteomics, integrate data from Chip-seq and loss-of-function/gain-of-function followed by expression data to infer a network of associations between pluripotency regulators, extract a network that connects 53 cancer drugs to each other and to 34 severe adverse events by mining the FDA’s Adverse Events Reporting Systems (AERS), and construct a co-authorship network that connects Mount Sinai School of Medicine investigators. The predicted networks and online software to create networks from entity-set libraries are provided online at http://www.maayanlab.net/S2N.

Conclusions
The network inference method presented here can be applied to resolve different types of networks in current systems biology and systems pharmacology as well as in other fields of research.
Colovesical fistula causing an uncommon reason for failure of computed tomography colonography: a case report
Authors: Neroladaki Angeliki , Breguet Romain , Botsikas Diomidis , Terraz Sylvain , Becker Christoph D , Montet Xavier 
Published: July 2012

Abstract

Introduction
Computed tomography colonography, or virtual colonoscopy, is a good alternative to optical colonoscopy. However, suboptimal patient preparation or colon distension may reduce the diagnostic accuracy of this imaging technique.

Case presentation
We report the case of an 83-year-old Caucasian woman who presented with a five-month history of pneumaturia and fecaluria and an acute episode of macrohematuria, leading to a high clinical suspicion of a colovesical fistula. The fistula was confirmed by standard contrast-enhanced computed tomography. Optical colonoscopy was performed to exclude the presence of an underlying colonic neoplasm. Since optical colonoscopy was incomplete, computed tomography colonography was performed, but also failed due to inadequate colon distension. The insufflated air directly accumulated within the bladder via the large fistula.

Conclusions
Clinicians should consider colovesical fistula as a potential reason for computed tomography colonography failure.
Severe intellectual disability, omphalocele, hypospadia and high blood pressure associated to a deletion at 2q22.1q22.3: case report
Authors: Mulatinho Milene Vianna , de Carvalho Serao Cassio Luiz , Scalco Fernanda , Hardekopf David , Pekova Sona , Mrasek Kristin , Liehr Thomas , Weise Anja , Rao Nagesh , Llerena Juan Clinton 
Published: July 2012

Abstract

Background
Recently, array-comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH) platforms have significantly improved the resolution of chromosomal analysis allowing the identification of genomic copy number gains and losses smaller than 5 Mb. Here we report on a young man with unexplained severe mental retardation, autism spectrum disorder, congenital malformations comprising hypospadia and omphalocele, and episodes of high blood pressure. An ~ 6 Mb interstitial deletion that includes the causative genes is identified by oligonucleotide-based aCGH.

Results
Our index case exhibited a de novo chromosomal abnormality at 2q22 [del(2)(q22.1q22.3)dn] which was not visible at the 550 haploid band level. The deleted region includes eight genes: HNMT, SPOPL, NXPH2, LOC64702, LRP1B, KYNU, ARHGAP15 and GTDC1.

Discussion
aCGH revealed an ~ 6 Mb deletion in 2q22.1 to 2q22.3 in an as-yet unique clinical case associated with intellectual disability, congenital malformations and autism spectrum disorder. Interestingly, the deletion is co-localized with a fragile site (FRA2K), which could be involved in the formation of this chromosomal aberration. Further studies are needed to determine if deletions of 2q22.1 to 2q22.3 define a new microdeletion syndrome.
Relation of aortic calcification, wall thickness, and distensibility with severity of coronary artery disease: evaluation with coronary CT angiography
Authors: Jang Seonah , Yong Hwan Seok , Doo Kyung Won , Kang Eun-Young , Woo Ok Hee , Choi Eun Jung 
Published: July 2012

Background Three known risk factors for aortic atherosclerosis predict the severity of coronary artery disease (CAD): aortic calcification (AC), aortic wall thickness (AWT), and aortic distensibility (AD). Purpose To determine the relationship of AC, AWT, and AD with the severity of CAD. Material and Methods A total of 104 patients who underwent both coronary CT angiography (CCTA) and invasive coronary angiography were enrolled. The severity of CAD was assessed by three methods: the segment involvement score (SIS), the segment stenosis score (SSS), and the modified Gensini score (mG). We quantified AC using the Agatston method on low-dose ungated chest CT (LDCT). We measured AWT at the thickest portion of the descending thoracic aorta on CCTA. AD was calculated as the difference between the maximum and minimum areas of the ascending aorta and the pulse pressure. The relationships between the severity of CAD and the three aortic factors were assessed. Results The AC and AWT of the thoracic aorta were significantly higher in the occlusive CAD (OCAD) group (1984.21 ± 2986.10 vs. 733.00 ± 1648.71, P = 0.01; 4.13 ± 1.48 vs. 3.40 ± 1.01, P = 0.22). Patients with OCAD had more than one epicardial coronary artery with >50% luminal stenosis. The AC (r = 0.453 with SIS; r = 0.454 with SSS; r = 0.427 with mG) and the AWT (r = 0.279 with SIS; r = 0.324 with SSS; r = 0.304 with mG) were significantly correlated with all three methods, and the AD was negatively correlated with the SIS (r = − 0.221, P < 0.05, respectively) in the unadjusted model. After adjustment for cardiovascular risk factors, only the correlations between AC and all three methods assessing CAD remained significant. Conclusion There are significant relationships between AC, AWT and AD and severity of CAD. In particular, AC measured on LDCT is the most consistent predictor of severity of CAD.
Survey of pediatric MDCT radiation dose from university hospitals in Thailand: a preliminary for national dose survey
Authors: Kritsaneepaiboon Supika , Trinavarat Panruethai , Visrutaratna Pannee 
Published: July 2012

Background Increasing pediatric CT usage worldwide needs the optimization of CT protocol examination. Although there are previous published dose reference level (DRL) values, the local DRLs should be established to guide for clinical practice and monitor the CT radiation. Purpose To determine the multidetector CT (MDCT) radiation dose in children in three university hospitals in Thailand in four age groups using the CT dose index (CTDI) and dose length product (DLP). Material and Methods A retrospective review of CT dosimetry in pediatric patients (<15 years of age) who had undergone head, chest, and abdominal MDCT in three major university hospitals in Thailand was performed. Volume CTDI (CTDIvol) and DLP were recorded, categorized into four age groups: <1 year, 1–< 5 years, 5–<10 years, and 10–<15 years in each scanner. Range, mean, and third quartile values were compared with the national reference dose levels for CT in pediatric patients from the UK and Switzerland according to International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) recommendation. Results Per age group, the third quartile values for brain, chest, and abdominal CTs were, respectively, in terms of CTDIvol: 25, 30, 40, and 45 mGy; 4.5, 5.7, 10, and 15.6 mGy; 8.5, 9, 14, and 17 mGy; and in terms of DLP: 400, 570, 610, and 800 mGy cm; 80, 140, 305, and 470 mGy cm; and 190, 275, 560,765 mGy cm. Conclusion This preliminary national dose survey for pediatric CT in Thailand found that the majority of CTDIvol and DLP values in brain, chest, and abdominal CTs were still below the diagnostic reference levels (DRLs) from the UK and Switzerland regarding to ICRP recommendation.
Detection of flat colorectal polyps at screening CT colonography in comparison with conventional polypoid lesions
Authors: Sakamoto Takashi , Mitsuzaki Katsuhiko , Utsunomiya Daisuke , Matsuda Katsuhiko , Yamamura Sadahiro , Urata Joji , Kawakami Megumi , Yamashita Yasuyuki 
Published: July 2012

Background Although the screening of small, flat polyps is clinically important, the role of CT colonography (CTC) screening in their detection has not been thoroughly investigated. Purpose To evaluate the detection capability and usefulness of CTC in the screening of flat and polypoid lesions by comparing CTC with optic colonoscopy findings as the gold standard. Material and Methods We evaluated the CTC detection capability for flat colorectal polyps with a flat surface and a height not exceeding 3 mm ( n = 42) by comparing to conventional polypoid lesions ( n = 418) according to the polyp diameter. Four types of reconstruction images including multiplanar reconstruction, volume rendering, virtual gross pathology, and virtual endoscopic images were used for visual analysis. We compared the abilities of the four reconstructions for polyp visualization. Results Detection sensitivity for flat polyps was 31.3%, 44.4%, and 87.5% for lesions measuring 2–3 mm, 4–5 mm, and ≥6 mm, respectively; the corresponding sensitivity for polypoid lesions was 47.6%, 79.0%, and 91.7%. The overall sensitivity for flat lesions (47.6%) was significantly lower than polypoid lesions (64.1%). Virtual endoscopic imaging showed best visualization among the four reconstructions. Colon cancers were detected in eight patients by optic colonoscopy, and CTC detected colon cancers in all eight patients. Conclusion CTC using 64-row multidetector CT is useful for colon cancer screening to detect colorectal polyps while the detection of small, flat lesions is still challenging.
Introducer curving technique to reduce tilting of transfemoral Günther Tulip IVC filter: in vitro study
Authors: Xiao Liang , Wang Man , Huang De-sheng , Shen Jing , Tong Jia-jie 
Published: July 2012

Background Severe tilting of Günther Tulip filter (GTF) may be associated with difficulty in retrieval. Purpose To determine if an introducer curving technique of GTF can decrease the tilting degree of GTF in a caval model. Material and Methods The model was constructed by placing Dacron grafts in bifurcated glass tubes. The study included three groups: Right Straight Group (G1), Left Straight Group (G2), and Left Curved Group (G3). In G3, a 10–20° angle was curved on the metal introducer before insertion to decrease the angle between inferior vena cava axes and metal introducer (ACM). Before GTF was released, the distance between the caval right wall and the apical hook (DCH1), and ACM were measured. The tilt angle of GTF (ACF) was also measured. Results In G1, GTF apex tended to center compared to G2 (59% vs. 36%, P < 0.01). In G3, GTF apex tended to center compared to G2 (71% vs. 36%, P < 0.01). The differences of ACF between G1 and G2 (2.66 ± 1.80 vs. 4.13 ± 2.07, P < 0.01) and between G2 and G3 (4.13 ± 2.07 vs. 2.39 ± 1.79, P < 0.01) were statistically significant. There were significant positive correlations between ACM and ACF, whereas significant negative correlations were detected between DCH1 and ACF in each group. Conclusion The oblique course of GTF delivery system relative to the axis of the cava causes filter tilt, and thus, curving the introducer prior to its introduction helps to reduce the filter tilt. We recommend a clinical study to determine whether the introducer curving technique improves filter centering and its retrievability.