bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Electrochemical Sensor Prepared from Molecularly Imprinted Polymer for Recognition of 1,3‐Dinitrobenzene (DNB)
Authors: Qu Yunhe , Liu Ye , Zhou Tianshu , Shi Guoyue , Jin Litong 
Published: October 2009

AbstractAn electrochemical sensor was modified with multi‐wall carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) and molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) material synthesized with acrylamide and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA) in the presence of 1,3‐dinitrobenzene (DNB) as the template molecule. The MWCNT and MIP layers were successively modified on the surface of a glassy carbon electrode (GCE), of which the MIP film works as an artificial receptor due to its specific molecular recognition sites. The MIP material was characterized by FT‐IR and electrochemical methods of square wave voltammetry (SWV). The interferences of other nitroaromatic compounds (NAC) such as 2,4,6‐trinitrotoluene (TNT), 1,3,5‐trinitrobenzene (TNB) and 2,4‐dinitrotoluene (DNT) to DNB were also investigated by the prepared MIP/MWCNT electrode. Compared with other traditional sensors, the MIP/MWCNT modified electrode shows good selectivity and sensitivity. In addition, the current responses to DNB are linear with the concentration ranging from 4.5×10−8 to 8.5×10−6 mol/L with the detection limits of 2.5×10−8 (−0.58 V) and 1.5×10−8 mol/L (−0.69 V) (S/N=3). The construction process of MIP/MWCNT modified electrode was also studied as well. All results indicate that the MIP/MWCNT modified electrode established an improving way for simple, fast and selective analysis of DNB.
The Tertiary Amine Nitrogen Atom of Piperazine Sulfonamides as a Novel Determinant of Potent and Selective β3‐Adrenoceptor Agonists
Authors: Perrone Maria Grazia , Bleve Laura , Santandrea Ernesto , Vitale Paola , Niso Mauro , Scilimati Antonio 
Published: October 2009

AbstractNovel compounds were prepared in fair to good yields as human β3‐adrenoceptor (β3‐AR) agonists. In particular, aryloxypropanolamines 7 a–d (EC50=0.57–2.1 nM) and arylethanolamines 12 a,b,e (EC50=6.38–19.4 nM) were designed to explore the effects of modifications at the right‐hand side of these molecules on their activity as β3‐AR agonists. Piperidine sulfonamides 15 a–c, e–g (EC50=6.1–36.2 nM) and piperazine sulfonamide derivatives 20–29 (EC50=1.79–49.3 nM) were examined as compounds bearing a non‐aromatic linker on the right‐ and left‐hand sides of the molecules. Some piperazine sulfonamides were found to be potent and selective β3‐AR agonists, even if the amine nitrogen atom is tertiary and not secondary, as is the case for all β3‐AR agonists reported so far. (S)‐3‐{4‐{N‐{4‐{2‐[2‐Hydroxy‐3‐(4‐hydroxyphenoxy)propylamino]ethyl}phenyl}sulfamoyl}phenoxy}propanoic acid (7 d; EC50=0.57 nM), (R)‐N‐{4‐[2‐(2‐hydroxy‐2‐phenylethylamino)ethyl]phenyl}‐4‐(3‐octylureido)benzenesulfonamide (12 e; EC50=6.38 nM), (R)‐2‐[1‐(4‐methoxyphenylsulfonyl)piperidin‐4‐ylamino]‐1‐phenylethanol (15 f; EC50=6.1 nM), and (S)‐4‐{2‐hydroxy‐3‐[4‐(4‐methoxyphenylsulfonyl)piperazin‐1‐yl]propoxy}phenol (25; EC50=1.79 nM) were found to be the most potent β3‐AR agonists of the aryloxypropanolamine, arylethanolamine, piperidine sulfonamide, and piperazine sulfonamide classes, respectively. The two most potent compounds were identified as possible candidates for further development of β3‐AR agonists useful in the treatment of β3‐AR‐mediated pathological conditions.
A Method to Explore Protein Side Chain Conformational Variability Using Experimental Data
Authors: Allison Jane R. , van Gunsteren Wilfred F. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractExperimentally measured values of molecular properties or observables of biomolecules such as proteins are generally averages over time and space, which do not contain suﬃcient information to determine the underlying conformational distribution of the molecules in solution. The relationship between experimentally measured NMR 3J‐coupling values and the corresponding dihedral angle values is a particularly complicated case due to its nonlinear, multiple‐valued nature. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations at constant temperature can generate Boltzmann ensembles of molecular structures that are free from a priori assumptions about the nature of the underlying conformational distribution. They suffer, however, from limited sampling with respect to time and conformational space. Moreover, the quality of the obtained structures is dependent on the choice of force ﬁeld and solvation model. A recently proposed method that uses time‐averaging with local‐elevation (LE) biasing of the conformational search provides an elegant means of overcoming these three problems. Using a set of side chain 3J‐coupling values for the FK506 binding protein (FKBP), we ﬁrst investigate the uncertainty in the angle values predicted theoretically. We then propose a simple MD‐based technique to detect inconsistencies within an experimental data set and identify degrees of freedom for which conformational averaging takes place or for which force ﬁeld parameters may be deﬁcient. Finally, we show that LE MD is the best method for producing ensembles of structures that, on average, ﬁt the experimental data.
A performance study for IPv4–IPv6 translation in IP multimedia core network subsystem
Authors: Chen Whai‐En , Lin Pin‐Jen 
Published: October 2009

AbstractA Next Generation Network (NGN) is an advanced, packet‐based network that exploits broadband and QoS‐enabled transport technologies for enabling multimedia services. In NGNs, the principles and requirements of IP Multimedia Sub‐system (IMS), which are used to deliver the desired benefits, should be carefully examined and studied. Internet Protocol version 6 (IPv6) is adopted by Third‐generation Partnership Project (3GPP) to solve address storage problem and provide new features (e.g. plug‐and‐play and mobility) for IMS. However, in the early stage of IPv6 deployment, the existing Voice‐over‐IP (VoIP) networks support Internet Protocol version 4 (IPv4) only. For IPv4–IPv6 interworking between IMS and the existing VoIP networks, the IMS‐Application Level Gateway (IMS‐ALG) and the Transition Gateway (TrGW) are proposed to translate Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) and Real‐time Transport Protocol (RTP) packets, respectively. In this paper, we focus on the IPv4–IPv6 translation for RTP packets, which is the bottleneck of VoIP performance. Specifically, we developed a TrGW called National Information and Communications Initiative (NICI)‐TrGW. In NICI‐TrGW, we perform IPv4–IPv6 translation at the Linux kernel and adjust the header room of kernel‐level packet buffer for each packet to reduce memory‐copy operations. We evaluate the performance of NICI‐TrGW and the existing solutions by using the SmartBits. Our study indicates that NICI‐TrGW outperforms the existing solutions in terms of three different output measures including packet loss rate, maximum throughput, and average latency. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Probing events with single molecule sensitivity in zebrafish and Drosophila embryos by fluorescence correlation spectroscopy
Authors: Shi Xianke , Shin Teo Lin , Pan Xiaotao , Chong Shang‐Wei , Kraut Rachel , Korzh Vladimir , Wohland Thorsten 
Published: October 2009

AbstractZebrafish and Drosophila are animal models widely used in developmental biology. High‐resolution microscopy and live imaging techniques have allowed the investigation of biological processes down to the cellular level in these models. Here, using fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS), we show that even processes on a molecular level can be studied in these embryos. The two animal models provide different advantages and challenges. We first characterize their autofluorescence pattern and determine usable penetration depth for FCS especially in the case of zebrafish, where tissue thickness is an issue. Next, the applicability of FCS to study molecular processes is shown by the determination of blood flow velocities with high spatial resolution and the determination of diffusion coefficients of cytosolic and membrane‐bound enhanced green fluorescent protein–labeled proteins in different cell types. This work provides an approach to study molecular processes in vivo and opens up the possibility to relate these molecular processes to developmental biology questions. Developmental Dynamics 238:3156–3167, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
BhSGAMP‐1, a gene that encodes an antimicrobial peptide, is developmentally regulated by the direct action of 20‐OH ecdysone in the salivary gland ofBradysia hygida(Diptera, Sciaridae)
Authors: Zanarotti Gabriela Morilha , Cândido‐Silva Juliana A. , de Almeida Jorge Cury 
Published: October 2009

AbstractRecently we have shown thatBhSGAMP‐1is a developmentally regulated reiterated gene that encodes an antimicrobial peptide (AMP) and is expressed exclusively in the salivary glands, at the end of the larval stage. We show, for the first time, that a gene for an AMP is directly activated by 20‐OH ecdysone. This control probably involves the participation of short‐lived repressor(s). We also found that the promoter ofBhSGAMP‐1is not equipped with elements that respond to infection, provoked by the injection of microorganisms, in the salivary glands or in the fat body. We produced polyclonal antibodies against the synthetic peptide and found that the BhSGAMP‐1 peptide is secreted in the saliva. TheBhSGAMP‐1gene was also activated during the third larval molt. These facts confirm our hypothesis that this preventive system of defense was selected to produce an environment free of harmful microorganisms in the insect's immediate vicinity, during molts. genesis 47:847–857, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
CD4+CD25+ Treg induction by an HSP60‐derived peptide SJMHE1 from Schistosoma japonicum is TLR2 dependent
Authors: Wang Xuefeng , Zhou Sha , Chi Ying , Wen Xiaoyun , Hoellwarth Jason , He Lei , Liu Feng , Wu Calvin , Dhesi Shawn , Zhao Jiaqing , Hu Wei , Su Chuan 
Published: October 2009

AbstractChronic schistosome infection results in the suppression of host immune responses, allowing long‐term schistosome survival and restricting pathology. Current theories suggest that Treg play an important role in this regulation. However, the mechanism of Treg induction during schistosome infection is still unknown. The aim of this study was to determine the mechanism behind the induction of CD4+CD25+ T cells by Schistosoma japonicum HSP60 (SjHSP60)‐derived peptide SJMHE1 as well as to elucidate the cellular and molecular basis for the induction of CD4+CD25+ T cells during S. japonicum infection. Mice immunized with SJMHE1 or spleen and LN cells from naïve mice pretreated with SJMHE1 in vitro all displayed an increase in CD4+CD25+ T‐cell populations. Release of IL‐10 and TGF‐β by SJMHE1 stimulation may contribute to suppression. Adoptively transferred SJMHE1‐induced CD4+CD25+ T cells inhibited delayed‐type hypersensitivity in BALB/c mice. Additionally, SJMHE1‐treated APC were tolerogenic and induced CD4+ cells to differentiate into suppressive CD4+CD25+ Treg. Furthermore, our data support a role for TLR2 in SJMHE1‐mediated CD4+CD25+ Treg induction. These findings provide the basis for a more complete understanding of the S. japonicum–host interactions that contribute to host homeostatic mechanisms, preventing an excessive immune response.
Further analysis of the speed of response to large trades in interest rate futures
Authors: Cummings James Richard , Frino Alex 
Published: October 2009

AbstractThis study examines the adjustment process in the interest rate futures market following large block trades, by analyzing changes in the levels of quoted prices, bid‐ask spreads, and trading activity. Most of the adjustment in prices and spreads is complete within 12 quote revisions (approximately 70 seconds). Results suggest that block trades stimulate subsequent trading activity, as traders rush to express differences of opinion about the price implication of the block. The market response to block trades exhibits several features in common with the two‐phase response of the US treasury market to macroeconomic announcements described by Fleming, M. J. and Remolona, E. M. (1999). © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Jrl Fut Mark 30:705–724, 2010
Open tubular CEC with novel block copolymer coatings for separation of aromatic amines
Authors: Qiao Juan , Qi Li , Ma Huimin 
Published: October 2009

AbstractA new type of block copolymer, which was synthesized by styrene and maleic anhydride, P(MAn‐alt‐St)119‐b‐PSt558, was successfully developed as the capillary coatings in open tubular CEC. It is interesting that the covalently bonded coatings are porous and the coatings can play the role of surfactants in the separation of aromatic amines when the buffer solution was composed of 30.0 mM ammonium acetate at pH 7.7 with 20% THF. Thus, successful baseline separation of five kinds of aromatic amines has been achieved. As validated by both artificially prepared solutions of aromatic amines and four real samples of commercially available permanent hair dyes, this proposed method was successfully applicable to the quantitative analysis of p‐phenylenediamine (PPD) and o‐phenylenediamine (OPD) ingredients in these commercial products, with a linear range between 8.3 μM and 6.0 mM, correlation coefficient above 0.990 and recovery between 83.5 and 110.9%. The detection limit obtained from calculations based on signal‐to‐noise ratio (S/N=3) was 4.2 μM for PPD and 6.0 μM for OPD, respectively. Furthermore, the role of the surfactants played by the block copolymer coatings has been primarily explored.
Approximation by rational operators in Lp spaces
Authors: Yu Dansheng , Zhou Songping 
Published: October 2009

AbstractThe present paper introduces a kind of Kantorovich type Shepard operators. Complete results including direct and converse results, equivalence results are established. As Della Vecchia and Mastroianni ([4], [7]) did, our results involve a weighted modulus of smoothness related to step‐functions φ (x) vanishing algebraically at the endpoints ±1 (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Bushell's equations and polar decompositions
Authors: Lim Yongdo 
Published: October 2009

AbstractWe show that for any real number t with t ≠ ±1, every invertible operator M on a Hilbert space admits a new polar decomposition M = PUP–t where P is positive definite and U is unitary, and that the corresponding polar map is homeomorphism. The positive definite factor P of M appears as the negative square root of the unique positive definite solution of the nonlinear operator equation Xt = M * XM. This extends the classical matrix and operator polar decomposition when t = 0. For t = ± 1, it is shown that the positive definite solution sets of X±1 = M * XM form geodesic submanifolds of the Banach–Finsler manifold of positive definite operators and coincide with fixed point sets of certain non‐expansive mappings, respectively (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Analysis of extreme rainfall in Barcelona using a microscale rain gauge network
Authors: Casas M. Carmen , Rodríguez Raül , Redaño Ángel 
Published: October 2009

AbstractExtreme storms registered by the urban rain gauge network installed and supported by CLABSA (Clavegueram de Barcelona S. A.) in Barcelona in the period 1994–2001 have been investigated. Eleven rain events presenting intensities for durations between 5 min and 24 h with return periods equal to or larger than 5 years for any of the network gauges have been found. A cluster analysis has yielded four main classes of extreme rainfall events in this area, related to the meteorological scales involved: local (18%), mesoscale (37%) and synoptic storms (27%), as well as more complex rain events originated by multiscale mechanisms acting together (18%). An intensity index to classify extreme rainfall events in order to their complexity and severity, taking into account the contribution of the different scales implied in the rainfall processes, has been calculated. The frequency distribution of the intensity index values obtained for the urban network has resulted very similar to that calculated for rain data recorded by the Jardí gauge of the Observatory Fabra of Barcelona during 1927–1992 inclusive. Copyright © 2009 Royal Meteorological Society
Muscle imaging analogies in a cohort of patients with different clinical phenotypes caused by LMNA gene mutations
Authors: Carboni Nicola , Mura Marco , Marrosu Giovanni , Cocco Eleonora , Marini Stefano , Solla Elisabetta , Mateddu Anna , Maioli Maria Antonietta , Piras Rachele , Mallarini Giorgio , Mercuro Giuseppe , Porcu Maurizio , Marrosu Maria Giovanna 
Published: October 2009

AbstractLaminopathies are a heterogeneous group of LMNA‐gene‐mutation–related clinical disorders associated with alterations of cardiac and skeletal muscle and peripheral nerves, metabolic defects, and premature aging. Leg muscle imaging investigations were performed in a cohort of patients with LMNA gene alterations who were suffering from Emery–Dreifuss muscular dystrophy, limb‐girdle muscular dystrophy type 1B, isolated cardiac disorders or a phenotype of cardiac disorders, and lipodystrophy, including one individual with peripheral neuropathy. Leg muscle imaging revealed varying degrees of alteration in the soleus and medial head of gastrocnemius in each subject. This study demonstrates that LMNA‐gene‐mutated patients devoid of any clinically detectable skeletal muscle involvement have the same pattern of leg muscle involvement as patients with overt skeletal muscle compromise. This finding suggests the presence of a continuum of skeletal muscle involvement among phenotypes of LMNA‐gene‐mutation–related skeletalmyopathy and cardiomyopathy. Muscle Nerve, 2010
Tibialis anterior branch involvement in fibular intraneural ganglia
Authors: Hébert‐Blouin Marie‐Noëlle , Amrami Kimberly K. , Wang Huan , Skinner John A. , Spinner Robert J. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractFibular (peroneal) intraneural ganglia classically present with predominant tibialis anterior weakness, for which there is no clear anatomical explanation. We identified a new imaging pattern, which consisted of involvement of a proximal tibialis anterior branch, in patients with fibular intraneural ganglia. This study characterizes the cystic involvement of this tibialis anterior branch and evaluates its significance. The magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and clinical data of 23 patients with fibular intraneural ganglia were retrospectively reviewed. The tibialis anterior branch was consistently involved with the cyst, and this involvement, although variable, was more prominent than the cystic involvement of other terminal branches of the fibular nerve. The finding of cyst extension within a muscle end‐organ branch seems likely to explain, in part, the characteristic clinical finding of preferential foot drop in patients with fibular intraneural ganglia. Muscle Nerve, 2010
Data management for intervention effectiveness research: Comparing deductive and inductive approaches
Authors: Monsen Karen A. , Westra Bonnie L. , Yu Fang , Ramadoss Vijay Kumar , Kerr Madeleine J. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractManagement approaches are needed to prepare intervention data sets for research. We identified four management approaches and applied them to Omaha System intervention data from 15 home care agencies (621,385 interventions provided to 2,862 patients). Classifying intervention data created differing numbers of distinct groups for deductive approaches labeled as action category (four groups), theoretical (5), and clinical expert consensus (23). One inductive, data‐driven approach generated 150 groups of interventions, of which 24 were meaningful and unique. Interventions in deductive groups were mutually exclusive, and approaches mapped readily according to intervention action terms. The novel, overlapping, inductive groups consisted of diverse actions for multiple problems. The four management approaches created meaningful intervention groups to be employed in future outcomes evaluation studies. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Res Nurs Health 32:647–656, 2009
Early activation of the fatty acid metabolism pathway by chronic high glucose exposure in rat insulin secretory β‐cells
Authors: Couté Yohann , Brunner Yannick , Schvartz Domitille , Hernandez Céline , Masselot Alexandre , Lisacek Frédérique , Wollheim Claes B. , Sanchez Jean‐Charles 
Published: October 2009

AbstractPancreatic β‐cells are responsible for insulin secretion that regulates blood glucose homeostasis. In the development of type II diabetes, a progressive impairment of insulin secretion by the pancreatic β‐cells occurs called β‐cell dysfunction or β‐cell failure. Chronic hyperglycemia has been shown being involved in β‐cell dysfunction, a phenomenon known as glucotoxicity. The molecular mechanisms underlying the impairment of insulin secretion by β‐cells induced by glucotoxicity are still not fully understood. In this work, quantitative proteomics was employed to identify early key players involved in β‐cell dysfunction induced by glucotoxicity. For this, the stable isotope labeling by amino acids in cell culture strategy was used on the slowly‐growing rat β‐cell line INS‐1E. We showed that the stable isotope labeling by amino acids in cell culture approach did not induce any detectable biological effects on these β‐cells, as measured at both the transcriptomic and proteomic levels. Proteins differentially expressed between control cells and cells submitted to chronic high glucose concentrations were identified and verified. The results obtained reinforce the link between glucotoxicity and lipogenesis and suggest that the fatty acid metabolism pathway may rapidly be stimulated in β‐cells submitted to chronic high glucose concentrations.
Remodeling of the SCF complex‐mediated ubiquitination system by compositional alteration of incorporated F‐box proteins
Authors: Kato Mitsunori , Kito Keiji , Ota Kazuhisa , Ito Takashi 
Published: October 2009

AbstractUbiquitination regulates not only the stability but the localization and activity of substrate proteins involved in a plethora of cellular processes. The Skp1–Cullin–F‐box protein (SCF) complexes constitute a major family of ubiquitin protein ligases, in each member of which an F‐box protein serves as the variable component responsible for substrate recognition, thereby defining the function of each complex. Here we studied whether the composition of F‐box proteins in the SCF complexes is remodeled under different conditions. We exploited stable isotope labeling and MS for relative quantification of F‐box proteins in the SCF complexes affinity‐purified en masse from budding yeast cells at log and post‐diauxic phases, and revealed an increment of Saf1, an F‐box protein involved in entry into quiescence, during the diauxic shift. Similarly, we found that Met4 overexpression induces a specific increment of Met30, the F‐box protein responsible for ubiquitination of Met4. These results illustrate a cellular response to environmental and genetic perturbations through remodeling of the SCF complex‐mediated ubiquitination system. Compositional alteration of incorporated F‐box proteins may redirect the activity of this system toward appropriate substrates to be ubiquitinated under individual conditions for the maintenance of cellular homeostasis.