bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
‘That's a Different Kind of Person’ – Spatial Connotations and Partner Choice
Authors: Haandrikman Karen , Hutter Inge 
Published: March 2011

ABSTRACTThe paper investigates the process of partner choice and the specific role of geographical distance in this process. This focus on the spatial component is a unique and new approach to address the topic. By adopting a qualitative approach, the decision‐making process preceding partner choice is captured, including the preferences people have for partners, the norms influencing partner choice, and the places people go to meet potential partners. In a Dutch village, focus groups were organised around the topic. The results show that place is crucial in partner choice. Partners from close by are preferred as that is convenient and as they are seen as trustworthy persons. Spatial perceptions of people and places, based on perceived local cultural differences, affect the distance at which partners are found. The rural setting of the study, including mostly less educated participants, revealed that opportunities and norms are more important in partner choice in such a case, whereas preferences play a minor role. Local cultural diversity, from diverse reformed denominations to spatial perceptions of the mentality of people in nearby communities, affects patterns of social interaction. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Prenatal diagnosis of unilateral proximal femoral focal deficiency at 19 weeks' gestation: case report and review of the literature
Authors: Mailath‐Pokorny M. , Timor‐Tritsch I. E. , Monteagudo A. , Mittal K. , Konno F. , Santos R. 
Published: March 2011

AbstractProximal femoral focal deficiency (PFFD) represents a rare and complex deformity manifested by hypoplasia of a variable portion of the femur with shortening of the entire limb. The condition may be unilateral or bilateral and is often associated with other congenital anomalies. Recent technological advances in ultrasound imaging offer the opportunity to detect an increasing number of rare skeletal malformation syndromes whose correct diagnosis is essential for adequate counseling and management of the pregnancy. We report a case of fetal non‐familial PFFD diagnosed prenatally using two‐dimensional and three‐dimensional images. Clinical findings, differential diagnosis and management of this rare skeletal dysplasia are discussed and a review of the recent literature is given. Copyright © 2011 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A general approach to generate Rayleigh fading simulators with correct statistical properties
Authors: Yang Ying , Chen Xiaohui , Dong Wenxiang , Wang Weidong 
Published: March 2011

ABSTRACTRayleigh fading channel is widely modeled using sum‐of‐sinusoids simulators. In the paper, the construction method of an accuracy simulator is of concern. The intrinsic relationships between path gain, angle of incoming wave (angle of arrival), and initial phase are analyzed. At the same time, rules of simulator construction were proposed. According to these rules, the second‐order statistical properties of designed simulators match to the desired ones perfectly. Furthermore, our method can be an elicitation to generate simulators with correct high‐order statistical properties. In addition, a realization based on the construction method is designed to example how to use these construction rules. The new realization can be used to generate multiple uncorrelated fading waveforms for frequency‐selective fading channels, multiple‐input multiple‐output channels, and diversity combining scenarios. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Mechanisms controlling hematopoietic stem cell functions during normal hematopoiesis and hematological malignancies
Authors: Warr Matthew R. , Pietras Eric M. , Passegué Emmanuelle 
Published: March 2011

AbstractHematopoiesis, the process by which all mature blood cells are generated from multipotent hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), is a finely tuned balancing act in which HSCs must constantly decide between different cell fates: to proliferate, to self‐renew or differentiate, to stay quiescent in the bone marrow niche or migrate to the periphery, to live or die. These fates are regulated by a complex interplay between cell‐extrinsic cues and cell‐intrinsic regulatory pathways whose function is to maintain a homeostatic balance between HSC self‐renewal and life‐long replenishment of lost blood cells. Improper regulation of these competing cellular programs can transform HSCs and progenitor cells into disease‐initiating leukemic stem cells (LSCs). Strikingly, many of the mechanisms required for maintenance of normal HSC fate decisions are equally critical for the aberrant functions of LSCs. Because of the inherent complexities of these molecular mechanisms, a systematic approach to understanding the regulatory networks underlying HSC self‐renewal is critical for uncovering the similarities and differences between HSCs and LSCs. In this review, we focus on recent developments in elucidating the regulatory networks governing normal HSC self‐renewal programs and their implications for leukemic transformation. We describe the current technical and methodological limitations in isolating and characterizing HSCs and LSCs, and the emerging approaches that may afford a better understanding of the regulation of normal and leukemic hematopoiesis. Finally, we discuss how such basic mechanistic information may be of use for the design of novel therapies that will selectively reprogram and/or eliminate LSCs. WIREs Syst Biol Med 2011 3 681–701 DOI: 10.1002/wsbm.145This article is categorized under:

Developmental Biology > Developmental Processes in Health and Disease
Developmental Biology > Stem Cell Biology and Regeneration
Minimally Invasive Esophagectomy: The Evolution and Technique of Minimally Invasive Surgery for Esophageal Cancer
Authors: Hoppo Toshitaka , Jobe Blair A. , Hunter John G. 
Published: March 2011

AbstractBeginning with the widespread introduction of laparoscopic cholecystectomy in late 1989, minimally invasive surgical technique has been refined in conjunction with the development of advanced instrumentation and have subsequently been applied to increasingly complicated disease processes. Esophageal surgeons have increasingly incorporated minimally invasive surgery into their practice since the first laparoscopic fundoplication was described by Dallemagne et al. in 1991. Esophagectomy is associated with significant morbidity and mortality even in highly experienced centers. Many esophageal surgeons have had a great deal of interest in minimally invasive esophagectomy (MIE), which has the potential advantages of being a less traumatic procedure with a resultant improvement in postoperative convalescence and fewer wound and cardiopulmonary complications compared to the open approaches. Throughout the 1990s, as confidence with laparoscopic surgery of the esophagogastric junction grew, MIE was initially attempted with hybrid operations combining traditional open surgery with minimally invasive approaches. Subsequently, a totally laparoscopic transhiatal approach was described; however, this approach was perceived to be very challenging and has not gained widespread acceptance. Approaches used at present depend on cancer stage, cancer location, body habitus, and pulmonary function. For localized cancer (T1N0) or HGD, we prefer laparoscopic inversion esophagectomy (retrograde or antigrade). This approach may also be used for patients at high risk for thoracotomy. For locally advanced cancer in the middle third of the esophagus or for proximal third esophageal cancer, we prefer 3‐field MIE (abdomen, and chest with neck anastomosis). For locally advanced cancer in the distal esophagus, especially in patients with a short thick neck, we prefer thoracoscopic‐laparoscopic (2‐field) esophagectomy (TLE).
Art. V.—The Bṛhat-Saṅhitâ; or, Complete System of Natural Astrology of Varâha-mihira
Authors: Kern H. 
Published: March 2011

1. I will tell the lucky and evil signs of goats. Such as have eight, nine, or ten teeth, are lucky, and may be kept; such as have seven teeth, should be removed.2. A black circle on the right side of a white goat is a favourable mark. Likewise a white circle on the right side of one having the colour of an elk, of sable hue, or red.3. The udderlike part hanging down from the neck of goats is known by the name of “neck ornament.” A goat with one dewlap brings happiness; extremely lucky are those having two or three dewlaps.4. All goats without horns, and those that are entirely white or entirely black, promise good. Lucky also are such as are half black, half white; or half russet, half black.5. A goat that marches in front of the flock, and the first that plunges into water, — that has the head white, or blazes on the forehead, — is favourable.
Art. XIII.—Notice on the Dînârs of the Abbasside Dynasty
Authors: Rogers Edward Thomas 
Published: March 2011

Every collector of early Muhammadan coins must have observed that the dînârs of the fifth and two subsequent Khalîfahs are of two kinds: that is to say, some are plain, like those of the earlier Khalîfahs; whilst others have various Muhammadan names upon them, generally beneath the ordinary inscription on the area of the reverse.It is well known, that dirhams and filses were struck in many parts of the then vast Muhammadan Empire; but it does not appear that under the first four Khalîfahs dînârs were struck in any other mint than that of the Capital.
Art. III.—Art. A Version in Chinese, by the Marquis Tseng, of a Poem written in English and Italian
Authors: Freeland H. W. 
Published: March 2011

Art hath a holy mission: 'tis to raiseThe soul, through form and beauty, unto thingsMore lovely than the sensual thoughts and waysOf an old world's corrupt imaginings.In song, on canvas, or in living stone,Art saith unto the soul: “Behold the Pure,The True, the Beautiful, for these aloneI live, by these through unborn time endure.”
Art. XIV.—Asoka and the Buddha-relics
Authors: Davids T. W. Rhys 
Published: March 2011

Our oldest authority, the Mahā-parinibbāna Suttanta, which can be dated approximately in the fifth century b.c.,1 states that after the cremation of the Buddha's body at Kusinārā, the fragments that remained were divided into eight portions. These eight portions were allotted as follows:—1. To Ajātasattu, king of Magadha.2. To the Licchavis of Vesālī.3. To the Sakyas of Kapilavastu.4. To the Bulis of Allakappa.5. To the Koliyas of Rāmagāma.6. To the brahmin of Veṭhadīpa.7. To the Mallas of Pāvā.8. To the Mallas of Kusinārā.
Art. XXIX.—Zarathushtra and Heraclitus
Authors: Mills Lawrence 
Published: March 2011

Before the Lógos of Heraclitus, as is usual in the cases of all originators, the thing ‘originated’ was already present in its germ for his use in the half-formed surmises of his predecessors.For it was none other than Hesiod who used a word and expressed an idea which, together with the hints of other schemes, led up to the early concept. The first Greek naturalists believed, indeed, in an original substance of the universe, out of which everything arose and in which everything consisted; they also attributed to it life and motion, and gave it different names. One thought it was ‘water.’ Another called it the infinite (sic), as undefined substance matter. At other times they thought it was ‘air.’
Art. VII.—Further Notes on a Malayan Comparative Vocabulary
Authors: Blagden C. Otto 
Published: March 2011

With reference to my article on MS. No. 29 of the Maxwell Collection in the Journal for July, 1902, my friend Mr. S. H. Ray, whose wide acquaintancewith a number of out-of-theway languages is well known, sends me the following note, which I think will be of interest to the readers of the Journal:—“The languages of Mr. Blagden's specimens are, besides the Malay, (1) (Măkuah or M˘akuat), (2) or (Tulehu or Ambon Tulehu), (3) or (Mandura).
Art. XVIII.—The Pahlavi Texts of Yasna X for the first time criticallytranslated
Authors: Mills Lawrence 
Published: March 2011

(1) Hence backward (or ‘after’) away from here they fly:— hence the daēva Demons and the daēva's friend, [and the daēva-worshipper]!(2); and he who is the good Srōš makes (here) his dwelling; [that is to say, for him there becomes a lodging here].
XX. Identifications in the Region of Kapilavastu
Authors: Vost W. 
Published: March 2011

Do the Chinese pilgrims know two cities named Kapilavastu?Certain discords and bearings in the itineraries of the pilgrims are discussed in the Prefatory Note to Antiquities in the Tarai, Nepal, and from them it is inferred there were two cities named Kapilavastu; one the city visited by Fa-hsien, now represented by the ruins at Piprāhavā; the other that described by Yuan Chwang, of which the “royal precincts” are found in Tilaurā Koṭ, some ten miles to the north-west of Piprāhavā. Paltā Devī is held to mark the site of the town either of the Buddha Krakucandra or of the Buddha Koṇāgamana; or Sisaniā Pānḍe may represent the town of Koṇāgamana. Guṭihavā is believed to represent the site of the famous Nyagrodha grove.
XV. The Tradition about the Corporeal Relics of Buddha
Authors: Fleet J. F. 
Published: March 2011

In continuing the inquiry into the tradition about the subsequent fate of the eight original deposits of the corporeal relics of Buddha, we take next the second Ceylonese chronicle, the Mahāvaṁsa; or, more precisely, the earlier part of that work, which was composed, by way of being a commentary on the Dīpavaṁsa, by the Thēra Mahānāma, in or about the period A.D. 520 to 540.Like the Dīpavaṁsa, the Mahāvaṁsa does not present any narrative such as that found in the Divyāvadāna. But, as we shall see, it gives a story about the relics at Rāmagrāma which is not found in either of those works.
XXV. The Pāñcarātras or Bhāgavat-Śāstra
Authors: Svamin A. Govindacarya 
Published: March 2011

The Synonymy of what is well known as the Pāñcarātra is thus given in the Pādma-tantra (one of the 108 Tantras or Samhltās):—Sūris suhrid bhāgavatas satvatah panca-kala-vit
Corrigenda
Authors: Krenkow F. 
Published: March 2011

Corrigenda to Pages 279-284 of the Journal (April, 1926)I regret to find that several errors in the transliteration of the ancient fragments of the Arabic gospels, which appeared in the Journal for April, 1926, escaped my notice. These have now been pointed out to me by Professor Kratchkofski, and I therefore give below the necessary corrections.
Buddhist Miscellanea
Authors: Mironov N. D. 
Published: March 2011

The Sanskrit name of this Bodhi-sattva, so prominent in the Mahāyāna church of Buddhism, has been a puzzle to several generations of scholars.Though it seems rather simple (= past pass. part, oflok-ava, “to look [down]”—īśvara, “lord”), there are at least five or six translations, viz. “The lord of what we see (i.e. the present world),” “The lord whom we see,” “The lord revealed [contemplated],” “The master who is [was] seen,” etc.
Dr. Hoernle's MS. Papers
Authors: Pargiter F. E. 
Published: March 2011

“ Rough list of Dr. Stein's MSS. sent by Dr. Barnett ”—with brief descriptions.1. (1) “ 9, 1 Brāhmī fol. C.A.,” unknown language, probably a Prajñā-pāramitā.(2) Inner cover marked C xlvi (Suppl.) Large C.A. leaf 6.vi.07 ; outer cover marked Ch. Large C.A. Brāhmī frgt.; part of the former.
Further Arabic Inscriptions on Textiles (IV)
Authors: Guest A. R. 
Published: March 2011

The preceding article of this series will be found in the Journal for 1930, page 761. Mr. Elsberg has kindly supplied photographs and descriptions of the following Abbasid and Fatimid pieces in his collection, and Mr. S. Flury has to be thanked for assistance with the readings of the inscriptions:—No. 1. Collection No. 1749.Fragment of a garment of glazed linen, counting about fifty warp threads to the inch. The inscription is embroidered in red silk, in a cross stitch. 14½ × 22¼ inches. The inscription is ⅜ inch wide. From the excavations at Fustât.
Assyrian Prayers
Authors: Sidersky Michael 
Published: March 2011

These prayers, the text and translation of which are given below, are but a few of those I copied some time ago from tablets in the British Museum. Owing to various reasons I have been unable to publish them before.I have revised the copies and have given full notes and mentioned all other sources dealing with the subject and I hope that my work may be of some use to those interested in that branch of study.
The Jewish “Blessing of Virginity”
Authors: Farmer Henry George 
Published: March 2011

In October, 1933, I contributed a lengthy article to this Journal entitled “Maimonides on Listening to Music” in which I gave a translation of the Responsum 129 from his Pe'er ha-dor (Lemberg, 1849), in so far as it touched upon listening to music. The latter portion of this responsum dealt with another point, a custom, the “Blessing of Virginity”, which took place at the house of a bridegroom. It might have been intended as a religious ceremony (so far as the Seven Benedictions are concerned, although they should have waited until after the actual wedding), but I have been unable to trace the provenance of the custom. Here is the request together with the response of Maimonides:—Request: “Please instruct us about the so-called ‘Blessing of Virginity’ which runs ‘[Blessed art thou] who in Eden didst plant the Nut-tree’. For [there is a custom for] a company consisting of the wedding party of the bride and bridegroom and their friends to assemble in the bridegroom's house, [when] a celebrant takes a wine-cup, pronounces the customary Benediction over wine, and the Benediction over spices, and then he pronounces this so-called, i.e. new-fangled Benediction— ‘Blessed art thou.…’ And note that this new-fangled Benediction fixed by our Rabbis in the Talmud also contains the Divine Name, i.e. ‘Blessed art Thou, 0 Lord, our God, King of the Universe, who…Blessed art Thou 0 Lord…’. Please tell us whether the recital of the Benediction is merely a custom or actually orthodox and obligatory.
Another Indus Valley Seal
Authors: Langdon S. 
Published: March 2011

The button-shaped seal communicated in this paper was kindly shown to me by Professor A. B. Cook, of Cambridge, who purchased it from a London dealer. The object was seen by the Cambridge professor among a lot of “Assyrian cone seals, etc.”, but the dealer had no recollection of its provenance. Babylonian press seals of the small coneshaped variety are constantly appearing in the hands of dealers in antiquities, and seals of the Indus Valley type, actually found in Mesopotamia, have been acquired through dealers in Paris. There is no evidence that any of the seals found in the hands of dealers have come from India, and the additional circumstance that the London dealer had it among Babylonian seals leads one to believe that this object was found in lower Mesopotamia. The photograph is made from a cast. There is the usual pierced boss on the reverse. The inscription reads:—Reading right to left, the first sign seems to be intended for the ordinary sign , which does occur in some texts as the first sign. See No. 266 of my Sign List, Mohenjo-daro and the Indus Civilization, p. 451. The second sign is apparently a variant of No. 113, but I have never seen any variant like it. No. 113 does follow 266 on two seals. To No. 113 I assigned the value ta. The third sign is No. 154, with accent A ('). The fourth sign is the common fish sign, No. 175.
Mamlūk sultanic heraldry and the numismatic evidence: A reinterpretation
Authors: Allan J. W. 
Published: March 2011

A few years ago Professor Balog, in the introduction to his book Coinage of the Mamlūk sultans of Egypt and Syria, suggested, on the basis of the numismatic evidence, a number of modifications to the principles of Mamlūk heraldry proposed earlier by Mayer in his book Saracenic heraldry, particularly with regard to the use of composite blazons by the sultans, and their design. Balog's main conclusions may be briefly summarized as follows:(a) The Mamlūk sultans engraved their coats-of-arms on many of their coins. (b) Besides simple charges true composite blazons occur on fulūs, showing that not only the nobility but the sultans also had composite blazons. (c) All simple charges occurring on issues of one and the same sultan are parts of his composite blazon. (d) Coins sometimes confirm the evidence for a sultan's blazon provided by other objects, and sometimes contradict it; in the latter case, the coin evidence should prevail, (e) Coins, in that they can be definitely attributed and the ownership of the blazons they carry can be proved without question, confirm Mayer's theory that the Mamlūk blazon was hereditary.
Appendix: The Sasanian coin from Qūmis
Authors: Bivar A. D. H. 
Published: March 2011

The coin is a drachma of the Sasanian king Hormizd IV (a.d. 579–590), and is dated the tenth regnal year, equivalent to a.d. 587/8. Its formal description may be given as follows:Obverse. Bust of Hormizd IV to right. To left, from 11 o'clock, Pahlavī inscription: ’pzwr “increase”. To right, from 1 o'clock (reading from the outside): ’wḥlmzdy “Hormizd”.
Some remarks on the miniatures in the Society's Jāmi‘ al-tawārīkh
Authors: Meredith-Owens G. M. 
Published: March 2011

This copy (dated 714/1314), which is now on indefinite loan to the British Museum, is perhaps the best known of our illustrated manuscripts. It is one of the few surviving remnants of the vast historical project set in motion by the Ilkhānid wazīr Rashīd al-Dīn Faẓl Allāh (d. 718/1318), and in its present form consists of fragments of the second volume of the Jāmi‘ al-tawārīkh in the Arabic version, amounting to 60 folios, viz.:—(1) Fragments of the History of the Prophet and his Companions (fol. 2a–9a).
The Linguistic Situation of the 2nd Millennium B.C. in Ancient Anatolia
Authors: Kammenhuber Annelies 
Published: March 2011

In detail, the following is the situation regarding the languages of ancient Asia Minor and Mesopotamia:Non-Indo-European languageApart from the Semitic languages and Egyptian, at least five isolated languages are ascribable to that period in which the Sumerians and Egyptians had already invented their script. All five languages are recorded in the so-called Akkadian cuneiform, a syllabic script which the Sumerians had developed from their picture-writing.
Art. IV.—The Indian Buddhist Cult of Avalokita and his Consort Tārā ‘the Saviouress,’ illustrated from the Remains in Magadha
Authors: Waddell L. A. 
Published: March 2011

The present paper brings the much despised Mahāyāna form of Buddhism fully home to the very cradle-land of Buddhism in India, and invests itwith unexpected importance in the history of Indian Buddhism.No one has yet realized the vast extent to which Mahāyāna and Tāntrik Buddhist remains cover India; nor sufficiently realized the leading part played by the Mahāyāna in Indian Buddhism during its most popular period.
Art. XIV.—Some Notes on the Dîwâns of the Arabic Tribes
Authors: Goldziher I. 
Published: March 2011

The Dîwân of the Huḏeilites must be regarded as our single remaining inheritance of a great mass of literature which formed an important part of the results obtained by the Arab philologians in their first endeavours to collect the old poetry of the Arabs.Indeed, the history of Arabic literature, which—if it be ever once realised—must suffice for the oldest period with recording many lost productions of learning and diligence, has exactly this office to fulfil when it begins to give an account of the labours of philological workers in the field of ancient poetry.