bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Recombination luminescence of CaSO4:Tb3+ and CaSO4:Gd3+phosphors
Authors: Kudryavtseva Irina , Lushchik Aleksandr , Maaroos Aarne , Azmaganbetova Zhannur , Nurakhmetov Turlybek , Salikhoja Zhussupbek 
Published: November 2011

Abstract
A comparative study of the excitation of luminescence by VUV radiation as well as of thermally and photostimulated luminescence has been carried out for CaSO4:Tb3+ and CaSO4:Gd3+ phosphors, where Na+ or F− ions are used for charge compensation. The distinction in hole processes for the phosphors with Na+ or F− compensators is determined by the differing thermal stability of the holes localized at/near Tb3+Na+ and Gd3+Na+ (up to 100–160 K) or at/near Tb3+F−
V
Ca and Gd3+F−
V
Ca centers involving also a cation vacancy (up to 400–550 K). Tunnel luminescence in the pairs of localized electrons and holes nearby Tb3+ or Gd3+ has been detected. The mechanisms of electron-hole, hole-electron and tunnel recombination luminescence as well as a subsequent released energy transfer to RE3+ ions are considered.
Les pratiques financières des milieux populaires de Rosario (Argentine) à l'aune du démantèlement du rapport salarial fordiste
Authors: Saiag Hadrien 
Published: November 2011

Résumé L’analyse des budgets des foyers populaires situés dans l’ancien cordon industriel de Rosario dévoile une multitude de pratiques visant à mettre l’épargne à distance et à reproduire les relations de dette. Il ne s’agit pas d’archaïsmes que la modernité serait amenée à dépasser : au contraire, elles expriment le visage qu’a pris autour de Rosario la financiarisation des rapports sociaux. Ainsi, à travers leur rapport à la dette, ces pratiques expriment et actualisent des rapports sociaux complexes. Elles doivent être vues comme des adaptations à des contraintes nouvelles, nées du démantèlement du rapport salarial fordiste qui a touché la périphérie de Rosario.
La consommation en régime d'abondance
Authors: Auray Nicolas 
Published: November 2011

Résumé Les offres culturelles dites illimitées, qui proposent aux consommateurs, en échange d’un forfait tarifé, un accès à une profusion de contenus culturels, constituent un observatoire privilégié pour étudier les processus de confrontation des utilisateurs à une des promesses les plus exaltantes de la technologie numérique, celle de l’illimité. La confrontation associe trois dynamiques : (1) une dynamique, d’ordre « anomique », d’élévation des désirs et des aspirations, des désirs infinis répondant à la promesse de l’illimité et étant susceptibles de conduire à la désorientation et à la frustration; (2) une dynamique, d’ordre « contestataire », de confrontation au bridage des offres mis en place par les firmes à la suite du succès inattendu de celles-ci ; (3) une dynamique d’ordre « éthique », d’autodiscipline et de construction collective de règles partagées entre les utilisateurs. Après avoir contribué à une définition des conditions pragmatiques de pertinence requises de la notion d’illimité pour une offre commerciale, cet article tente de mieux comprendre cette confrontation en observant des dynamiques d’usage choisies à partir des 17 offres commerciales dites illimitées existant en France en septembre 2010. L’objectif de cette recherche est de voir comment s’articulent l’inquiétude anomique (revers de la fascination), l’autorestriction assumée (revers de la liberté) et la contestation (revers de la déception face au sentiment d’avoir été trompé).
Upregulations of Glucocorticoid-Induced Leucine Zipper by Hypoxia and Glucocorticoid Inhibit Proinflammatory Cytokines under Hypoxic Conditions in Macrophages
Authors: Wang Yan , Ma Yuan-Yuan , Song Xing-Lei , Cai Hao-Yu , Chen Ji-Cheng , Song Liang-Nian , Yang Rui , Lu Jian 
Published: November 2011

Abstract
Hypoxia and inflammation often develop concurrently in numerous diseases, and the influence of hypoxia on natural evolution of inflammatory responses is widely accepted. Glucocorticoid-induced leucine zipper (GILZ) is thought to be an important mediator of anti-inflammatory and immune-suppressive actions of glucocorticoid (GC). However, whether GILZ is involved in hypoxic response is still unclear. In this study, we investigated the effects of hypoxic exposure and/or the administration of dexamethasone (Dex), a synthetic GC on GILZ expression both in vitro and in vivo, and further explored the relationship between GILZ and proinflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α under normoxic and hypoxic conditions. We found that hypoxia not only remarkably upregulated the expression of GILZ, but also significantly enhanced Dex-induced expression of GILZ in macrophages and the spleen of rats. ERK activity is found involved in the upregulation of GILZ induced by hypoxia. Inhibiting the expression of GILZ in RAW264.7 cells using specific GILZ small interfering RNA led to a significant increase in mRNA production and protein secretion of IL-1β and IL-6 in hypoxia and abrogated the inhibitory effect of Dex on expression of IL-1β and IL-6 in hypoxia. We also found that adrenal hormones played pivotal roles in upregulation of GILZ expression in vivo. Altogether, data presented in this study suggest that GILZ has an important role not only in adjusting adaptive responses to hypoxia by negatively regulating the activation of macrophages and the expression of proinflammatory cytokines, but also in mediating the anti-inflammatory action of GC under hypoxic conditions.
Characterization of Simple Highest Weight Modules
Authors: Mazorchuk Volodymyr , Zhao Kaiming 
Published: November 2011

Abstract.We prove that for simple complex finite dimensional Lie algebras, affine Kac–Moody Lie algebras, the Virasoro algebra, and the Heisenberg–Virasoro algebra, simple highest weight modules are characterized by the property that all positive root elements act on these modules locally nilpotently. We also show that this is not the case for higher rank Virasoro algebras and for Heisenberg algebras.
Ultrasonic Assessment of the Urethra and the Vagina in Normal Continent Women and Women Suffering from Stress in Urinary Incontinence and Vaginal Prolapse
Authors: Mousa Laila ASE , Kamel Hossam H , Serour Ahmad G 
Published: November 2011

ABSTRACT
Urinary continence depends on two factors the presence of an intact and strong internal urethral sphincter (IUS); and on an acquired behavior, gained by learning and training in early childhood, how to maintain a high alpha-sympathetic tone at the IUS keeping it closed all the time until there is a need.
The IUS is a cylinder that extends from the urinary bladder neck to the urogenital diaphragm. It is composed of a strong collagen sheet with muscle fibers that intermingle with the collagen in the middle of the cylinder's thickness. The strong collagen sheet gives the IUS the high wall tension necessary to create the high urethral closure pressure. The muscle fibers, innervated by alpha-sympathetic nerves (T10-L2) are responsible for closure and opening of the urethra.
Rupture of the IUS causes its weakness and it will not withstand increases of abdominal pressure, and urine will leak. Rupture and split of the collagen sheet are better demonstrated by imaging by 3D US and MRI.
Normal vagina is a cylinder of collageno-elastic-muscular tissues. Its strong collagen sheet is responsible for keeping it in its normal upward and backward position. Labors cause redundancy and weakness of the vaginal walls with subsequent prolapse; and lacerations of the IUS which is intimately overlying the anterior vaginal wall.
Peri- and Postmenopausal Uterine Bleeding Transvaginal Ultrasound with Hysterosonography and Diagnostic Correlation with Hysteroscopy
Authors: Parihar Mandakini , Parihar Anand 
Published: November 2011

ABSTRACTThe recent years have seen medical science and technology expand by leaps and bounds. We have shifted focus from correction of the problem to prevention of the problem. Abnormal uterine bleeding is an important cause of ill health in perimenopausal women. In the perimenopausal years, there is an increase in the incidence of bleeding irregularities. This is because of an increase in the prevalence of benign and malignant uterine lesions. There has also been a significant increase in the number of women presenting with postmenopausal bleeding. At transvaginal ultrasonography (TVS), the finding of a thickened central endometrial complex, with or without cystic changes, is often nonspecific and may be caused by an endometrial polyp, submucosal fibroid, endometrial hyperplasia, carcinoma or cystic atrophy. In addition, because of an increased prevalence of adenomyosis or adenomyosis-like changes in women around this age group, proper transvaginal sonographic assessment of endometrial thickness and abnormalities is of utmost importance but maybe difficult in some women.When TVS cannot accurately measure the endometrial thickness or when there is a nonspecific thickened central endometrial complex, hysterosonography can provide additional information and can help in the diagnosis and final treatment. Hysterosonography, as an adjunct to TVS, allows identification of intracavitary lesions and focal and diffuse endometrial abnormalities and helps determine the abnormality. Final diagnosis confirmed by hysteroscopy. In this review, we discuss these common abnormalities and the correlation of TVS and hysterosonographic findings with hysteroscopic evaluation.
3D, Vocal and Tomographic Ultrasound Image in Prenatal Diagnosis of Hypospadias
Authors: Raga Francisco , Bonilla Francisco , Bonilla-Musoles Fernando , Castillo Juan Carlos 
Published: November 2011

ABSTRACT
We report a case of anterior hypospadias, diagnosed at 26th week in a 37 years-old primigravida with normal 46XY kariotype through amniocentesis carried out at 16th week.
Sonographic examination with 2D showed a short and curved penis. The use of three orthogonal planes, Tomographic Ultrasound Image (TUI) and VOCAL allowed an exact prenatal diagnostic, showing the “tulip” sign and defining localization, situation and extension of the urethral orifice.
Bmi and Gender do not Influence Surgical Accuracy during Minimally Invasive Total Hip Arthroplasty
Authors: Von Roth Philipp , Olivier Markus , Preininger Bernd , Perka Carsten , Hube Robert 
Published: November 2011

We investigated the accuracy of implant positioning during total hip arthroplasty (THA) through a minimally invasive approach in relation to body mass index (BMI) and gender by assessing 48 patients. Functional and radiological parameters were evaluated. BMI positively correlated with operation time (p=0.04), but BMI and gender had no influence on implant positioning. The Harris hip score (HHS) increased significantly (46.5±11.8 preoperatively, 92.1±9.7 postoperatively, p<0.0001). The surgical approach described resulted in reproducibility of implant positioning independent of influence by BMI or gender.
Construction of 1,2,5‐Tricarbonyl Compounds using Methyl Cyanoacetate as a Glyoxylate Anion Synthon Combined with Copper(I) Iodide‐Catalyzed Aerobic Oxidation
Authors: Kim Se Hee , Kim Ko Hoon , Kim Jae Nyoung 
Published: November 2011

AbstractA practical and efficient synthesis of various 1,2,5‐tricarbonyl compounds is described. The synthesis has been carried out by a conjugate addition of methyl cyanoacetate to the β‐position of α,β‐unsaturated carbonyl compounds and a subsequent copper(I) iodide‐catalyzed aerobic oxidation. In addition, various α‐aryl‐ and α‐alkyl‐α‐keto esters have been synthesized using a similar approach.
Kinetic Analysis of Terminal and Unactivated CH Bond Oxyfunctionalization in Fatty Acid Methyl Esters by Monooxygenase‐Based Whole‐Cell Biocatalysis
Authors: Schrewe Manfred , Magnusson Anders O. , Willrodt Christian , Bühler Bruno , Schmid Andreas 
Published: November 2011

AbstractThe alkane monooxygenase AlkBGT from Pseudomonas putida GPo1 constitutes a versatile enzyme system for the ω‐oxyfunctionalization of medium chain‐length alkanes. In this study, recombinant Escherichia coli W3110 expressing alkBGT was investigated as whole‐cell catalyst for the regioselective biooxidation of fatty acid methyl esters to terminal alcohols. The ω‐functionalized products are of general economic interest, serving as building blocks for polymer synthesis. The whole‐cell catalysts proved to functionalize fatty acid methyl esters with a medium length alkyl chain specifically at the ω‐position. The highest specific hydroxylation activity of 104 U gCDW−1 was obtained with nonanoic acid methyl ester as substrate using resting cells of E. coli W3110 (pBT10). In an optimized set‐up, maximal 9‐hydroxynonanoic acid methyl ester yields of 95% were achieved. For this specific substrate, apparent whole‐cell kinetic parameters were determined with a Vmax of 204±9 U gCDW−1, a substrate uptake constant (KS) of 142±17 μM, and a specificity constant Vmax/KS of 1.4 U gCDW−1 μM−1 for the formation of the terminal alcohol. The same E. coli strain carrying additional alk genes showed a different substrate selectivity. A comparison of biocatalysis with whole cells and enriched enzyme preparations showed that both substrate availability and enzyme specificity control the efficiency of the whole‐cell bioconversion of the longer and more hydrophobic substrate dodecanoic acid methyl ester. The efficient coupling of redox cofactor oxidation and product formation, as determined in vitro, combined with the high in vivo activities make E. coli W3110 (pBT10) a promising biocatalyst for the preparative synthesis of terminally functionalized fatty acid methyl esters.
Ponts habités – Teil europäischer Brückenbaukultur
Authors: Vockrodt Hans‐Jörg 
Published: November 2011

AbstractDie bewohnten und bebauten Brücken sind bis auf denkmalgeschützte Ausnahmen weitestgehend aus unserem heutigen Stadtbild verschwunden. Dieser Beitrag soll an vergangene und noch bestehende Bauwerke einschließlich damit verbundener menschlicher Schicksale und Begegnungen als Teil der europäischen Brückenbaukultur erinnern.Ponts habités – a part of European bridge‐building culture. Apart from a few exceptions listed as national monuments, habitable bridges – bridges incorporating houses and shops – have largely disappeared from our present cityscapes. This article aims to recall past and present structures and the human fates and encounters associated with them as a part of European bridge‐building culture.
Prüfung und Bewertung des Verbundes von Beschichtungssystemen in Kühlturminnenschalen
Authors: Heine Peer 
Published: November 2011

AbstractNaturzugkühltürme sind in jeder Hinsicht außergewöhnliche Bauwerke. Aufgrund der enormen Oberfläche in Verbindung mit vielfältigen Einwirkungen aus Umgebung und Betrieb ist ein besonderer Schutz der Kühlturminnenschalen notwendig. Dieser wird durch die Applikation spezieller kunstharzgebundener Beschichtungssysteme erreicht, so dass eine hohe Dauerhaftigkeit der Stahlbetonstruktur und damit eine entsprechende Wirtschaftlichkeit über die Lebensdauer erreicht wird. Um den Erfolg der Beschichtungsmaßnahme hinsichtlich Materialeigenschaften und Applikation zu gewährleisten, sind umfangreiche Qualitätssicherungsmaßnahmen etabliert worden, wozu vor allem die Prüfung der erreichten Trockenschichtdicke und der Haftung des Systems gehören.Trotzdem gibt es gewisse Unsicherheiten hinsichtlich der Gewinnung der Daten am Objekt, die von einer sehr großen Anzahl unterschiedlicher Parameter abhängt. Dies führt besonders bei so exponierten Bauwerken wie Naturzugkühltürmen häufig zu Diskussionen und unterschiedlichen Auslegungen der erzielten Ergebnisse.
Parallel application characterization with quantitative metrics
Authors: van Amesfoort Alexander S. , Varbanescu Ana Lucia , Sips Henk J. 
Published: November 2011

SUMMARYWhen computer architects reinvented parallelism through multi‐core processors, application parallelization became a problem. Now that multi‐cores have penetrated from handhelds to supercomputers, parallelization becomes a large‐scale challenge. A lot of research is going into compiler improvements, language extensions, frameworks and application/platform case studies. Whereas fairly successful, these solutions are based on experimental tools, trial‐and‐error, and expert knowledge, and do not bring multi‐core programming into reach for the whole software industry. We believe that the challenge of “mass parallelization” must be tackled more systematically. Development begins at application specification and algorithm design, followed by application characterization with trade‐offs in parallelization strategies and data layouts. Only with a proper software design, implementation and optimization can start. In this article, we focus on quantitative application characterization for such a systematic approach. We introduce a set of metrics to characterize applications and show how they can be used. We present our interpretation of the results and suggest ways to use them to guide design decisions. We conclude that metrics can be used to understand applications and design decisions early on. Therefore, this characterization brings us closer to effective parallel applications development for multi‐core processors. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Coating and release of an anti‐inflammatory hormone from PLGA microspheres for tissue engineering
Authors: Go Dewi P. , Palmer Jason A. , Gras Sally L. , O'Connor Andrea J. 
Published: November 2011

AbstractMany biomaterials used in tissue engineering cause a foreign body response in vivo, which left untreated can severely reduce the effectiveness of tissue regeneration. In this study, an anti‐inflammatory hormone α‐melanocyte stimulating hormone (α‐MSH) was physically adsorbed to the surface of biodegradable poly (lactic‐co‐glycolic) acid (PLGA) microspheres to reduce inflammatory responses to this material. The stability and adsorption isotherm of peptide binding were characterized. The peptide secondary structure was not perturbed by the adsorption and subsequent desorption process. The α‐MSH payload was released over 72 h and reduced the expression of the inflammatory cytokine, Tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α) in lipopolysaccharide activated RAW 264.7 macrophage cells, indicating that the biological activity of α‐MSH was preserved. α‐MSH coated PLGA microspheres also appeared to reduce the influx of inflammatory cells in a subcutaneous implantation model in rats. This study demonstrates the potential of α‐MSH coatings for anti‐inflammatory delivery and this approach may be applied to other tissue engineering applications. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A, 2012.
A Novel Characterization Method for Graft‐Polymer Structures Chemically Attached on Thermally Stable Polymer Films
Authors: Enomoto Kazuyuki , Takahashi Shuichi , Maekawa Yasunari 
Published: November 2011

AbstractMost polymer grafts in grafted polymer films obtained by radiation‐induced solid graft polymerization are not analyzed in detail due to difficulties in isolation of the grafts without structural decomposition. Herein, a novel structural and molecular weight characterization method is reported for polymer grafts that are chemically attached to thermally and chemically stable polymer substrates, based on a swelling‐induced graft detachment in hot water. Polymer grafts prepared by the radiation‐induced polymerization of alkyl acrylate into poly(ethylene‐co‐tetrafluoroethylene) (ETFE) followed by a sulfonation reaction are found to have a ternary copolymer structure whose monomer units contain –COOH or –SO3H groups, or both.
Complexity of column generation in network design with path‐based survivability mechanisms
Authors: Orlowski Sebastian , Pióro Michał 
Published: November 2011

AbstractThis survey deals with computational complexity of column generation problems arising in the design of survivable communication networks. Such problems are often modeled as linear programs based on noncompact multicommodity flow network formulations. These formulations involve an exponential number of path‐flow variables, and therefore require column generation to be solved to optimality. We consider several path‐based protection and restoration mechanisms and present results, both known and new, on the complexity of the corresponding column generation (also called pricing) problems. We discuss results for the case of single link or single node failures scenarios, and extend the considerations to multiple link failures. Further, we classify the design problems corresponding to different survivability mechanisms according to the structure of their pricing problem. Eventually, we show that almost all the encountered pricing problems are hard to solve for scenarios admitting multiple failures, while a great deal of them are
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‐hard already for single failure scenarios. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. NETWORKS, 2012
Spectroscopic Study of DNA Hydrolysis, DNA Intercalative, and Electrostatic Interaction Activity Exerted by Drug Based Coordination Compounds
Authors: Patel Mohan N. , Bhatt Bhupesh S. , Dosi Promise A. 
Published: November 2011

AbstractOur work emphasized on synthesizing and characterizing neutral mononuclear copper(II) complexes with second generation fluoroquinolone drug ciprofloxacin (CFL) and some bipyridine derivatives (An) of type [Cu(CFL)(An)Cl]·2H2O. The DNA binding free energies were evaluated by studying the effect of salt concentrations on DNA binding. DNA interactions were investigated by using DNA melting temperature studies, viscosity measurements, absorption titration, and gel electrophoresis experiments. Also superoxide dismutase (SOD)‐like activity (IC50 values) and antibacterial activity of metal complexes were studied. To validate the proper mechanistic pathway for plasmid DNA cleavage, gel electrophoresis experiments were carried out in presence of radical scavenging agents. The bactericidal activity of metal complexes was evaluated in terms of colony forming unit.
An Iron Age Bronze Mirror from Aston, Hertfordshire
Authors: Rook Tony , Lowery P. R. , Savage R. D. A. , Wilkins R. L. 
Published: November 2011

SummaryThe Aston mirror plate and its handle were found in ploughsoil, but were derived from a cremation burial which included two pottery vessels tentatively dated in the first century A.D. The area in which the discovery was made shows considerable activity in the Belgic and Romano-British periods. A detailed examination of the mirror, using, inter alia, light-section photomicrography, enables an attempt to be made to group the known mirrors using criteria derived from the techniques employed in the decoration; the Aston mirror falls into an East Anglian Ridge/Chiltern group.
Some New Light on the Career of Laurence Nowell the Antiquary
Authors: Black Pamela M. 
Published: November 2011

SummaryIt has long been thought that Laurence Nowell, Dean of Lichfield and Laurence Nowell, antiquary and tutor in the household of Sir William Cecil, were one and the same person. However, evidence embodied in a Court of Requests Case of 1571 has recently given rise to doubts as to whether the dean and antiquary were, indeed, one. A re-examination of evidence already known and the discovery of some new documents sheds further light on the career of Laurence Nowell, antiquary, and tends to substantiate the claim that the dean and antiquary should be ‘separated’. The evidence remains inconclusive but the reputation of Laurence Nowell, antiquary, as a scholar and cartographer suffers in no way from the possibility that he may not have been Dean of Lichfield.