bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Risk Factors for Hydroxychloroquine Retinopathy and Its Subtypes
Authors: Jorge April M. , Melles Ronald B. , Marmor Michael F. , Zhou Baijun , Zhang Yuqing , Choi Hyon K. 
Published: May 2024

ImportanceThe major toxic effect of hydroxychloroquine is retinopathy. Thus, current guidelines recommend limiting the dose and screening annually for retinopathy among all long-term users, but individual patient factors may be associated with retinopathy risk.ObjectiveTo identify risk factors beyond hydroxychloroquine dose and duration of use for hydroxychloroquine retinopathy.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis cohort study of 4677 patients in the Kaiser Permanente Northern California integrated health network who initiated hydroxychloroquine, continued treatment, and underwent retinopathy screening after 5 years of use was conducted from July 1, 1997, to December 31, 2020, with up to 15 years of follow-up. Statistical analysis was performed in August 2023.ExposureCandidate risk factors included age at hydroxychloroquine initiation, sex, race and ethnicity, indications, chronic kidney disease (CKD), liver disease, diabetes, tamoxifen use, and medications that interact with hydroxychloroquine metabolism. Hydroxychloroquine dose was assessed from pharmacy dispensing records.Main Outcome and MeasuresIncident hydroxychloroquine retinopathy was adjudicated from masked review of guideline-recommended screening studies and classified as parafoveal or pericentral pattern. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression was used to assess potential risk factors for hydroxychloroquine retinopathy within 15 years of initiation.ResultsOf 4677 long-term hydroxychloroquine users (mean [SD] age at initiation, 52.4 [14.1] years; 3877 women [82.9%]), 125 patients developed hydroxychloroquine retinopathy within 15 years (102 parafoveal, 23 pericentral). Older age at time of hydroxychloroquine initiation was associated with retinopathy risk, with adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) of 2.48 (95% CI, 1.28-4.78) for those aged 45 to 54 years, 3.82 (95% CI, 2.05-7.14) for those aged 55 to 64 years, and 5.68 (95% CI, 2.99-10.79) for those aged 65 years or older compared with those younger than 45 years. The risk of retinopathy was higher among females than males (HR, 3.83 [95% CI, 1.86-7.89]), among patients with CKD stage 3 or greater (HR, 1.95 [95% CI, 1.25-3.04]), and among individuals with tamoxifen use (HR, 3.43 [95% CI, 1.08-10.89]). The likelihood of pericentral retinopathy was higher among Asian patients (HR, 15.02 [95% CI, 4.82-46.87]) and Black patients (HR, 5.51 [95% CI, 1.22-24.97]) compared with non-Hispanic White patients.Conclusions and RelevanceThis study suggests that increasing age, female sex, CKD stage 3 or greater, and tamoxifen use were associated with a higher risk of hydroxychloroquine retinopathy, whereas being younger than 45 years at hydroxychloroquine initiation and male sex were associated with a lower risk. Race and ethnicity were also associated with the pattern of retinopathy. These factors should be incorporated into hydroxychloroquine dosing decisions.
A Multifunctional Nanoreactor‐Induced Dual Inhibition of HSP70 Strategy for Enhancing Mild Photothermal/Chemodynamic Synergistic Tumor Therapy
Authors: Wu Shutong , Gao Mengting , Chen Lin , Wang Yuhang , Zheng Xiaochun , Zhang Binyue , Li Juan , Zhang Xiao‐Dong , Dai Rong , Zheng Ziliang , Zhang Ruiping 
Published: May 2024

AbstractMild photothermal therapy (PTT) is a spatiotemporally controllable method that utilizes the photothermal effect at relatively low temperatures (40–45 °C) to especially eliminate tumor tissues with negligible side effects on the surrounding normal tissues. However, the overexpression of heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) and limited effect of single treatment drastically impede the therapeutic efficacy. Herein, the constructed multifunctional core‐shell structured Ag‐Cu@SiO2‐PDA/GOx nanoreactors (APG NRs) that provide a dual inhibition of HSP70 strategy for the second near‐infrared photoacoustic (NIR‐II PA) imaging‐guided combined mild PTT/chemodynamic therapy (CDT). The Ag‐Cu cores can convert endogenous H2O2 to hydroxyl radical (•OH), which can induce lipid peroxidation (LPO) and further degrade HSP70. The polydopamine (PDA)/glucose oxidase (GOx) shells are utilized as the NIR‐II photothermal agent to generate low temperature, and the GOx can reduce the energy supplies and inhibit energy‐dependent HSP70 expression. Furthermore, both the generation of •OH and GOx‐mediated energy shortage can reduce HSP70 expression to sensitize mild PTT under 1064 nm laser, and in turn, GOx and laser self‐amplify the catalytic reactions of APG NRs for more production of •OH. The multifunctional nanoreactors will provide more potential possibilities for the clinical employment of mild PTT and the advancement of tumor combination therapies.
Customized Proteinaceous Nanoformulation for In Vivo Chemical Reprogramming
Authors: Chen Huating , Xiang Jiangbing , Liu Yawei , Pi Wei , Zhang Hongliang , Wu Lu , Liu Yiqiong , Ji Shuaifei , Li Yan , Cui Shaoyuan , Liu Kai , Fu Xiaobing , Sun Xiaoyan 
Published: May 2024

AbstractSweat gland (SwG) regeneration is crucial for the functional rehabilitation of burn patients. In vivo chemical reprogramming that harnessing the patient's own cells in damaged tissue is of substantial interest to regenerate organs endogenously by pharmacological manipulation, which could compensate for tissue loss in devastating diseases and injuries, for example, burns. However, achieving in vivo chemical reprogramming is challenging due to the low reprogramming efficiency and an unfavorable tissue environment. Herein, this work has developed a functionalized proteinaceous nanoformulation delivery system containing prefabricated epidermal growth factor structure for on‐demand delivery of a cocktail of seven SwG reprogramming components to the dermal site. Such a chemical reprogramming system can efficiently induce the conversion of epidermal keratinocytes into SwG myoepithelial cells, resulting in successful in situ regeneration of functional SwGs. Notably, in vivo chemical reprogramming of SwGs is achieved for the first time with an impressive efficiency of 30.6%, surpassing previously reported efficiencies. Overall, this proteinaceous nanoformulation provides a platform for coordinating the target delivery of multiple pharmacological agents and facilitating in vivo SwG reprogramming by chemicals. This advancement greatly improves the clinical accessibility of in vivo reprogramming and offers a non‐surgical, non‐viral, and cell‐free strategy for in situ SwG regeneration.
Lead Isolation and Capture in Perovskite Photovoltaics toward Eco‐Friendly Commercialization
Authors: Chen Chun‐Hao , Cheng Shu‐Ning , Hu Fan , Su Zhen‐Huang , Wang Kai‐Li , Cheng Liang , Chen Jing , Shi Yi‐Ran , Xia Yu , Teng Tian‐Yu , Gao Xing‐Yu , Yavuz Ilhan , Lou Yan‐Hui , Wang Zhao‐Kui 
Published: May 2024

AbstractPerovskite solar cells (PSCs) are developed rapidly in efficiency and stability in recent years, which can compete with silicon solar cells. However, an important obstacle to the commercialization of PSCs is the toxicity of lead ions (Pb2+) from water‐soluble perovskites. The entry of free Pb2+ into organisms can cause severe harm to humans, such as blood lead poisoning, organ failure, etc. Therefore, this work reports a “lead isolation‐capture” dual detoxification strategy with calcium disodium edetate (EDTA Na‐Ca), which can inhibit lead leakage from PSCs under extreme conditions. More importantly, leaked lead exists in a nontoxic aggregation state chelated by EDTA. For the first time, in vivo experiments are conducted in mice to systematically prove that this material has a significant inhibitory effect on the toxicity of perovskites. In addition, this strategy can further enhance device performance, enabling the optimized devices to achieve an impressive power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 25.19%. This innovative strategy is a major breakthrough in the research on the prevention of lead toxicity in PSCs.
Design and Synthesis of Electrocatalysts Base on Catalysis‐Unit Engineering
Authors: Zhang Zhe , Zhang Ziqi , Chen Cailing , Xu Ruian , Chen Xiao‐Bo , Lu Haiyan , Shi Zhan , Han Yu , Feng Shouhua 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIt is a pressing need to develop new energy materials to address the existing energy crisis. However, screening optimal targets out of thousands of material candidates remains a great challenge. Herein, an alternative concept for highly effective materials screening based on dual‐atom salphen catalysis units, is proposed and validated. Such an approach simplifies the design of catalytic materials and reforms the trial‐and‐error experimental model into a building‐blocks‐assembly like process. First, density functional theory (DFT) calculations are performed on a series of potential catalysis units that are possible to synthesize. Then, machine learning (ML) is employed to define the structure‐performance relationship and acquire chemical insights. Afterward, the projected catalysis units are integrated into covalent organic frameworks (COFs) to validate the concept Electrochemical tests confirming that Ni‐SalphenCOF and Co‐SalphenCOF are promising conductive agent‐free oxygen evolution reaction (OER) catalysts. This work provides a fast‐tracked strategy for the design and development of functional materials, which serves as a potentially workable framework for seamlessly integrating DFT calculations, ML, and experimental approaches.
Bioinspired Liquid Metal Based Soft Humanoid Robots
Authors: Li Nan , Yuan Xiaohong , Li Yuqing , Zhang Guangcheng , Yang Qianhong , Zhou Yingxin , Guo Minghui , Liu Jing 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe pursuit of constructing humanoid robots to replicate the anatomical structures and capabilities of human beings has been a long‐standing significant undertaking and especially garnered tremendous attention in recent years. However, despite the progress made over recent decades, humanoid robots have predominantly been confined to those rigid metallic structures, which however starkly contrast with the inherent flexibility observed in biological systems. To better innovate this area, the present work systematically explores the value and potential of liquid metals and their derivatives in facilitating a crucial transition towards soft humanoid robots. Through a comprehensive interpretation of bionics, an overview of liquid metals’ multifaceted roles as essential components in constructing advanced humanoid robots—functioning as soft actuators, sensors, power sources, logical devices, circuit systems, and even transformable skeletal structures—is presented. It is conceived that the integration of these components with flexible structures, facilitated by the unique properties of liquid metals, can create unexpected versatile functionalities and behaviors to better fulfill human needs. Finally, a revolution in humanoid robots is envisioned, transitioning from metallic frameworks to hybrid soft‐rigid structures resembling that of biological tissues. This study is expected to provide fundamental guidance for the coming research, thereby advancing the area.
Diradical Polar Reactivity Induced by Electricity‐Mediated Ground State Triplet Nitrenium Species
Authors: Banerjee Nakshatra , Kushwaha Apoorv , Dutt Shiv , Saha Debarshi , Kumar T. J. Dhilip , Banerjee Prabal 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIt is extremely rare for reactive intermediates to possess a ground state triplet character. Excited state triplet intermediates are generally accessed by means of photon transfer from a tunable light source or by using any triplet sensitizers. N‐acyl N‐alkoxy nitreniums are an important class of reactive intermediates in the synthetic organic community due to their prolonged lifetime and ground‐state singlet character. Herein, we report an external oxidant and toxic catalyst‐free mild electrochemical protocol to access nitrenium reactive intermediate. Experimental findings of the mechanistic pathway suggested a theoretically predicted triplet reactive intermediate that is energetically favorable compared to the singlet pathway.
Modification of contact lenses via metal‐organic frameworks for glaucoma treatment
Authors: Yaremenko Alexey V. , Melikov Roman O. , Pechnikova Nadezhda A. , Belyaev Iaroslav B. , Ringaci Alina , Yaremenko Tamara V. , Mirkasymov Aziz B. , Tamgin Alexandr A. , Rodionov Vladislav I. , Dolotova Sofya M. , Plisko Grigory A. , Semivelichenko Evgeny D. , Rogova Anna S. , Muslimov Albert R. , Ivkina Arina S. , Ivkin Dmitry Yu. , Erichev Valery P. , Deyev Sergey M. , Avetisov Sergey E. , Li Yongjiang , Liu Hai‐Jun , Zelepukin Ivan V. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe prevention of blindness from glaucoma requires multiple treatments to lower intraocular pressure. Here, human contact lenses are modified with highly porous metal‐organic frameworks with sustained release of brimonidine for prolonged glaucoma treatment. Various metal‐organic frameworks were screened for their attachment to lenses, loading with brimonidine, and drug‐release properties. Optimized therapeutic ocular lenses conjugated with MIL‐101(Cr) frameworks maintain optical transparency and power. Coating of lenses with MIL‐101(Cr) nanoparticles reduced brimonidine washout with tears and ensured a gradual and localized release of the drug into the eyeball through the cornea. The hybrid lenses provided a 4.5‐fold better decrease in eye pressure, compared by area under the curve (AUC) value to a commercially available brimonidine tartrate solution. Therapeutic lenses did not induce any notable eye irritation or corneal damage in vivo. The newly developed hybrid lenses are expected to provide a robust platform for the therapy and prevention of various ocular diseases.
Synthesis of Azahelicenes via Friedel‐Crafts‐Type Ring‐Closing Reaction of Axially Chiral Compounds
Authors: Oikawa Sonau , Utsugi Yuki , Ohno Osamu , Yasui Eiko 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAza[6]helicene and aza[7]helicene were synthesized by Fridel‐Crafts‐type cyclization of axially chiral compounds. From the axially chiral compounds prepared by Fischer indole synthesis, aza[6]helicene and aza[7]helicene were synthesized. Aza[7]helicene was also synthesized from an axially chiral pyrrole compound prepared by Piloty‐Robinson‐type pyrrole synthesis through simultaneous cyclization on both sides of the pyrrole ring. Aza[6]helicene isomerized readily at room temperature, while aza[7]helicene isomerization at room temperature was less likely to proceed. The cell growth inhibitory activity of each enantiomer of N‐Me‐aza[7]helicene in HeLa cells was examined. Differences in the strength of activity between the enantiomers were observed.
Meeting migrants: Mourning, possibility and generativity
Authors: O’Loughlin Michael 
Published: May 2024

AbstractA description of partnership between a school of psychology and a human rights organization that offers asylum services is used as a basis for probing the ethical complexity of activism. “Doing good” is complicated by the insertion of asylum evaluation services into the reductionist and metrics‐based evaluative mechanisms utilized in conventional psychological services and demanded by U.S. and European immigration proceedings. Conceptualization of migration through the lenses of decoloniality, necropolitics, and critical refugee studies lays bare the extraordinary complexity of the journey of involuntary migrants. Some consequences of the imperative to reduce such complex suffering to simple psychometric parameters and medicalized diagnoses are explored, and the paper ends with a plea for a situated, culturally sensitive, and clinically complex understanding of the human suffering entailed by involuntary migration. Activism, it is suggested, is best practiced within complex ethical frameworks that ensure that, at a minimum, we do no harm to those we seek to serve.
Recent Development of Physical Hydrogen Storage: Insights into Global Outlook and Future Applications
Authors: Ali Lashari Zeeshan , Haq Bashirul , Al‐Shehri Dhafer , Zaman Ehsan , Al‐Ahmed Amir , Lashari Najeebullah , Zakir Hossain S. M. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractTransition of global energy market towards an environment‐friendly sustainable society requires a profound transformation from fossil fuel to zero carbon emission fuel. To cope with this goal production ofrenewable energy is accelerating worldwide. Research in renewable energy from production and storage to practical utilization requires an organized approach. One of the best renewable energy carrier is the hydrogen, due to its clean combustion and abundance. Nonetheless, its storage is a critical challenge to its success. Hydrogen must be stored long after being produced and transported to a storage site. Physical hydrogen storage is vital among hydrogen storage modes, and its shortcoming needs to overcome for its successful and economic benefits. This review intends to discuss the techniques and applications of physical hydrogen storage in the state of compressed gas, liquefied hydrogen gas, and cold/cryo compressed gas concerning their working principle, chemical and physical properties, influencing factors for physical hydrogen storage, and transportation, economics, and global outlook. Insights of several probable physical hydrogen storage (PHS) systems are highlighted. The outcomes of this review envisioned that the PHS still necessitates technological advancements despite having remarkable success. The Liquid Hydrogen Gas storage marks better sustainability than Compressed and Cryo Compressed Gas. The physical hydrogen storage method can store hydrogen in tanks in any state (liquid or gas) under 20 K for the liquid state and ambient temperature for the gaseous state The Bibliographic analysis depicts that the research in hydrogen rising with time and mostly the research in conducted in USA with 231 articles. Prospects and challenges with lessons learned and the limitation opens the door to further research, which would be helpful for efficient and long‐term physical hydrogen storage.
Perioperative alpha blockers in voiding dysfunction secondary to prostate biopsy: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Lim Sean , Lim Kylie Yen‐Yi , Qu Liang , Ranasinha Sanjeeva , Dat Anthony , Brown Matthew , Manohar Paul , Harper Matthew , Donnellan Scott , Ranasinghe Weranja 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIntroduction and ObjectivesVoiding dysfunction remains a common side effect postprostate biopsy leading to significant morbidity. Alpha blockers have emerged as a potential therapeutic option to mitigate this risk, with various centres already incorporating its use in practice. Despite this, the literature regarding its efficacy remains inconclusive. Hence, a systematic review was performed to quantify the effect of perioperative alpha blockers on prostate biopsy‐related voiding function.MethodsA systematic search in MEDLINE, Embase and PubMed between January 1989 and July 2023 was performed to identify relevant articles. Two independent reviewers independently screened abstracts, full texts and performed data extraction. Data including International Prostate Symptom Scores (IPSS), voiding flow rates (Qmax), postvoid residuals (PVR), rates of acute urinary retention (AUR) and quality of life (QoL) scores were extracted. Results were combined in an inverse variance random effects meta‐analysis.ResultsA total 808 patients from six randomised controlled trials (RCTs) comparing alpha blockers to controls were included. All articles excluded patients with pre‐existing voiding dysfunction. Pooled outcomes demonstrated statistically significant differences favouring alpha blocker usage in all objective and subjective measures including IPSS (mean difference 4.21, 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.58–5.84, p < 0.00001), PVR (mean difference 20.41 mL, 95% CI 3.44–37.39, p = 0.02), Qmax (mean difference 3.07 mL/s, 95% CI 2.55–3.59, p < 0.00001), QoL (weighted‐mean difference 0.82, CI 0.17–1.48, p = 0.01) as well as overall risk of AUR (odds ratio 0.22, CI 0.09–0.55, p = 0.001). There was variable heterogeneity (I2 = 0–86%) between outcomes.ConclusionsThis review highlights the potential role of alpha blockers in improving urinary function and reducing adverse voiding outcomes postprostate biopsy. The standard practice of incorporating the usage of perioperative alpha blockers may be considered to reduce the morbidity of voiding complications secondary to prostate biopsy.
A novel fluorescent indicator‐based fluorene derivative for rapid and visual trace water sensing
Authors: Chen Juan , Cui Shengfeng , Wan Jingwei , Hu Meng , Liu Yan , Meng Hongmin , Li Wei , Liu Haifang 
Published: May 2024

AbstractFluorene nucleus derivatives show great potential for building outstanding fluorescence probes. In this paper, a novel fluorescent probe was developed by reacting with fluorene core with azacyclobutane, which exhibits typical solvation chromogenic effect in solvent. The fluorescence of the probe quenched in highly polar solvent. Based on this phenomenon, a novel fluorescence system for trace water was constructed. The response of this probe was fast (30 s) and sensitive for the detection of trace water in organic solvents, and the detection limit of water content in DMSO reached 0.13%. In addition, the probe can also be made as a test strip combined with homemade portable device and a smartphone for rapid detection of trace water. The luminescence mechanism of the probe is theoretically calculated based on time‐contained density functional theory (TDDFT). To showcase its practicality, it has been applied for the detection of trace water in honey and alcohol by dipstick. This method provides a new idea for designing efficient fluorescent probes based on dipstick and mobile phone rapid detection.
DNA origami scaffold promoting nerve guidance and regeneration
Authors: Giron Jonathan , Antman‐Passig Merav , Zilony Neta , Schori Hadas , Bachelet Ido , Shefi Orit 
Published: May 2024

AbstractSelf‐assembly of biological elements into biomimetic cargo carriers for targeting and delivery is a promising approach. However, it still holds practical challenges. We developed a functionalization approach of DNA origami (DO) nanostructures with neuronal growth factor (NGF) for manipulating neuronal systems. NGF bioactivity and its interactions with the neuronal system were demonstrated in vitro and in vivo models. The DO elements fabricated by molecular self‐assembly have manipulated the surrounding environment through static spatially and temporally controlled presentation of ligands to the cell surface receptors. Our data showed effective bioactivity in differentiating PC12 cells in vitro. Furthermore, the DNA origami NGF (DON) affected the growth directionality and spatial capabilities of dorsal root ganglion neurons in culture by introducing a chemotaxis effect along a gradient of functionalized DO structures. Finally, we showed that these elements provide enhanced axonal regeneration in a rat sciatic nerve injury model in vivo. This study is a proof of principle for the functionality of DO in neuronal manipulation and regeneration. The approach proposed here, of an engineered platform formed out of programmable nanoscale elements constructed of DO, could be extended beyond the nervous system and revolutionize the fields of regenerative medicine, tissue engineering, and cell biology.