bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Blood serum levels of PACAP and migraine onset: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of observational studies
Authors: Zhu Guoliang , Wang Miao , Kong Fanyi 
Published: April 2024

AbstractObjectiveWe conducted a systematic review and meta‐analysis to explore the relationship between blood pituitary adenylate cyclase‐activating polypeptide (PACAP) levels and migraine.BackgroundPACAP is involved in the onset of migraine, but the results from clinical studies on PACAP level variations across different periods of migraine are conflicting.MethodsWe systematically searched for observational studies that reported PACAP levels in people with migraine and non‐migraine controls published in English from the PubMed, Web of Science, and Ovid electronic databases, or in Chinese from the Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure and the WanFang Med database. The Newcastle–Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale was used to assess the quality of the included studies. The quality of evidence for each outcome was assessed according to the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) guidelines.ResultsOf the 514 identified studies, 8 were eligible for inclusion. There was a “very low” level of evidence suggesting that the PACAP level is negatively correlated with migraine disease duration in adults with migraine (summary = −0.35, 95% confidence interval [CI] −0.49 to −0.22) and that the PACAP is higher in people with migraine during the ictal period than in the interictal period (standardized mean difference = 0.41, 95% CI 0.17 to 0.66) for both adults and children with migraine. Adult patients with episodic migraine (weighted mean difference [WMD] = −9.58 pg/mL, 95% CI −13.41 to −5.75 pg/mL) or chronic migraine (WMD = −10.93 pg/mL, 95% CI −15.57 to −6.29 pg/mL) had lower blood PACAP levels than non‐migraine controls during the interictal period, supported by a “low” or “very low” quality of evidence, respectively, according to the GRADE rules.ConclusionThere is a very low certainty of evidence suggesting that the PACAP level is negatively correlated with migraine disease duration of adults with migraine and it varies greatly among different periods of migraine of both adults and children with migraine.
Multiparametric renal function assessment in cirrhotic patients shows high prevalence of medically actionable changes in multiple modules
Authors: Belmonte Richard , Silva‐Rodriguez Maël , Barbé Françoise , Bensenane Mouni , Haghenejad Vincent , Vrillon Isabelle , Alla Asma , Flahault Adrien , Kormann Raphael , Corbel Alice , Aitdjafer Zakia , Quilliot Didier , Derain‐Dubourg Laurence , Namour Farès , Guéant Jean‐Louis , Bronowicki Jean‐Pierre , Oussalah Abderrahim 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAimRenal dysfunction is a common complication of cirrhosis, occurring either as part of multiorgan involvement in acute illness or secondary to advanced liver disease. To date, no study has comprehensively assessed multiple renal function parameters in hospitalized patients with cirrhosis through a multiparametric analysis of renal biochemistry markers.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective, observational study including all consecutive patients hospitalized with cirrhosis who underwent a 43‐multiparametric renal function assessment between January 1, 2021, and June 30, 2023.ResultsAll patients showed at least one of the following renal abnormalities: Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes stage G2 or higher, sodium and/or chloride excretion fraction <1%, electrolyte‐free water clearance <0.4 mL/min, or tubular maximum phosphate reabsorption capacity <0.8 mmol/L. The estimated glomerular filtration rate equations significantly overestimated the measured creatinine clearance with median differences of +14 mL/min/1.73 m2 (95% CI 6–29) and +9 mL/min/1.73 m2 (95% CI 2–15) for European Kidney Function Consortium equations, respectively. Notably, 54% and 39% of patients demonstrated estimated glomerular filtration rates exceeding 30% of the measured creatinine clearance when the Chronic Kidney Disease ‐ Epidemiology Collaboration and European Kidney Function Consortium formulas were employed, respectively. Substantial discrepancies in Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes stage assignments were observed between the estimated glomerular filtration rate‐ and measured creatinine clearance‐based assessments.ConclusionsThis study underscores the value of a multiparametric renal function assessment as a routine tool for evaluating renal function in patients with cirrhosis. A high prevalence of medically actionable renal abnormalities spanning multiple renal function modules, including alterations in glomerular function, salt and solute‐free water excretion, and proximal tubule phosphate reabsorption, has been demonstrated in hospitalized patients with cirrhosis.
Prognostic performance of microscopic size measurements in small invasive carcinomas arising in intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms of the pancreas
Authors: Zhang M Lisa , Omori Yuko , Hong Seung‐Mo , Ideno Noboru , Date Kenjiro , Rocha Castellanos Dario M , Shroff Stuti G , Zamboni Giuseppe , Gonzalez Raul S , Furukawa Toru , Fernandez‐del Castillo Carlos , Mino‐Kenudson Mari 
Published: April 2024

AimsSmall invasive carcinomas arising in intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (IPMNs) of the pancreas can present as multiple, small foci. In such cases, there is no clear optimal measurement method for determining the invasive size for tumour staging and prognostication.MethodsIn all, 117 small invasive IPMNs (size of largest invasive component ≤2 cm) from seven institutions (2000–2016) were reviewed, and all individual foci of invasive carcinoma were measured. T stages (AJCC 8th edition) based on the largest single focus size (LS), average size of all foci (AS), and total sum of all foci (TS) were examined in association with clinicopathologic parameters and patient outcomes.ResultsThe cohort comprised IPMNs with invasive tubular‐type (n = 82, 70%) and colloid‐type (n = 35, 30%) carcinomas. The mean LS, AS, and TS were 0.86, 0.71, and 1.32 cm, respectively. Based on the LS, AS, and TS, respectively, 48, 65, and 39 cases were classified as pT1a; 22, 18, and 11 cases as pT1b; and 47, 34, and 50 cases as pT1c. Higher pT stages based on all measurements were significantly associated with small vessel, large vessel, and perineural invasion (P < 0.05). LS‐, AS‐, and TS‐based pT stages were not significantly associated with recurrence‐free survival (RFS) or overall survival (OS) by univariate or multivariate analyses. However, among tubular‐type carcinomas, higher LS‐, AS‐, and TS‐based pT stages trended with lower RFS (based on 1‐, 3‐, and 5‐year survival rates). All microscopic measurement methods were most predictive of RFS and OS using a 1.5‐cm cutoff, with LS significantly associated with both RFS and OS by univariate and multivariate analysis.ConclusionsFor invasive tubular‐type carcinomas arising in IPMN, microscopic size‐based AJCC pT stages were not significant predictors of patient outcomes. However, for LS, a size threshold of 1.5 cm was optimal for stratifying both RFS and OS. The AJCC 8th ed. may not be applicable for stratifying small invasive IPMNs with colloid‐type histology that generally portend a more favourable prognosis.
THE UNCERTAIN STUFF OF HISTORY: OUTLINE OF A THEORY OF INTENTIONALITY—THING BY THING
Authors: REGAZZONI LISA 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACTThis article addresses the issue of historical knowledge in relation to material evidence. More specifically, it asks, What objects capture the historian's attention and what knowledge is gained from those objects? What does the historian's gaze select as “things of history” and thus as removed from a world of object assemblages and fluid matter? Is it the case that only artifacts deliberately produced or modified by humans (regardless of the purpose) count as “things of history”? Or do physical entities produced by unintended human and nonhuman factors also display temporal endurance or alteration occurring over time and resonate with humans? Are “things of history” only entities endowed with shape, or do formless materials qualify too? In this article, I outline a theory of intentionality in relation to material items for two main reasons. First, it allows for a “critique of material evidence,” which is still missing in the historical discipline. Second, it enables us to address any remaining epistemological, ethical, or political issues, biases, or contradictions associated with the multifaceted research on material culture that affect the way we do history.
Investigation of the constituents of commercially available toothpastes
Authors: Ucuncu Musa Kazim , Guven Kerem , Yazicioglu Oktay 
Published: April 2024

AbstractObjectivesToothpaste plays a pivotal role in oral and dental hygiene. This cross‐sectional study not only investigates the constituents of toothpastes available in the market and their frequency across different brands but also delves into the potential side effects, irritations, or unfavourable outcomes of these constituents, emphasizing the broader health and environmental implications.MethodsThe largest of the five major chain markets in each district of Istanbul was visited, and adult toothpastes were included in this study. All the constituents that make up the toothpaste were individually recorded in an Excel database. Subsequently, literature regarding the purposes, toxic and potential side effects of each ingredient was gathered using databases such as Google Scholar, PubMed and ScienceDirect. The percentages of these ingredients' occurrence among all the toothpastes were calculated, and the ingredients were categorized into 15 distinct groups based on their usage purposes.ResultsThere were 160 different varieties of toothpaste belonging to 19 different brands on the market shelves. Although a total of 244 different ingredients were identified, only 78 of them were included in the study. Among the analysed toothpaste types, 105 of them were found to contain 1450 ppm fluoride, whilst 26 toothpaste variants were discovered to have fluoride levels below this value. Among the various ingredients analysed, particular attention was drawn to commonly debated compounds in oral care products. Specifically, titanium dioxide was found in 68% (n = 111) of the varieties, sodium lauryl sulphate in 67% (n = 108) and paraben in 2% (n = 4), respectively.ConclusionWhilst certain ingredients may raise concerns for potential side effects and health considerations within the human body, the toothpaste has long been regarded as an indispensable tool for maintaining optimal oral and dental health. However, gaining a deeper understanding and conducting research on each constituent that comprises the toothpaste, as well as raising awareness in this regard, holds significant importance for human health.
Comparison of oral health status, oral hygiene management behaviours and satisfaction of patients with fixed orthodontic appliance and clear aligner: A quasi‐experimental design
Authors: Kim Jeong‐Eun , Kim Soojeong , Kim Da‐Hye 
Published: April 2024

AbstractObjectivesThis study aimed to determine the overall oral health statuses of patients with fixed orthodontic appliance and clear aligner, as well as their oral hygiene management behaviours and satisfaction.MethodsWe selected 40 participants (20 each with fixed orthodontic devices and clear aligners) who visited a dental clinic. We conducted a survey to determine the oral hygiene management behaviours of the subjects and their satisfaction with their orthodontic treatment. Three measurements were also conducted at 4‐week intervals to determine the oral health statuses of the subjects.ResultsThe Löe and Silness gingival index of patients with fixed orthodontic appliances indicated moderate gingivitis (1.1 ± 0.3), and those with clear aligners had mild gingivitis (0.6 ± 0.4) (p < 0.001). The modified O'Leary index also indicated that the degree of dental plaque deposition in the oral cavity was lower in patients treated with a clear aligner (43.0 ± 18.2 points) than in those treated with a fixed orthodontic (28.1 ± 10.9 points) (p = 0.004). Regarding oral hygiene management, the fixed orthodontic group received scaling more frequently (p = 0.006), received more oral health education (p < 0.001) and had a longer brushing time (p = 0.008) than the clear aligner group. No significant difference was observed in satisfaction between the fixed orthodontic appliance and the clear aligner.ConclusionsRegarding the oral health status by orthodontic appliance type, the clear aligner group had the advantages of reduction in dental plaque attachment and gingival health. The fixed orthodontic group exhibited better oral hygiene management behaviours. Satisfaction with orthodontic treatment was found to be similar for the two device types.
Oral health status of 916 children in Tibetan settlement (Bylakuppe, India): A cross‐sectional descriptive study
Authors: Campisi Giuseppina , Buttacavoli Fortunato , Neri Bruno , Capocasale Giorgia , Mauceri Nicola , Mauceri Rodolfo 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundDietary and oral hygiene habits among integrated migrant cultural minorities can vary and could impact susceptibility to caries.AimThis study aimed to assess and compare the oral health status of Tibetan schoolchildren living in the Tibetan settlement of Bylakuppe, India, stratified by type of residence.DesignA descriptive cross‐sectional study was conducted among Tibetan schoolchildren attending nine schools in the Bylakuppe region.ResultsThe study population consisted of 916 children aged 5–17: 702 (76.6%) living in secular houses (LSH) and 214 (23.4%) living in monasteries (LM). The prevalence of dental caries was 70.9%, and the mean value of decayed, missing, filled teeth for mixed and primary dentition (DMFT*; dmft) of LSH children (1.56 ± 2.34/1.74 ± 2.66) was higher than of LM ones (1.14 ± 2.34/0.83 ± 2.80; p < .001). DMFT for LM children (1.46 ± 2.04) was slightly higher than for LSH children (1.38 ± 1.96; p > .05). Among the sample, 99.1% had a good simplified Oral Hygiene Index (OHI) and LM children showed higher rates of good values (99.5% vs. 98.2% in LSH children). Most children needed preventive/routine dental treatment, whereas 16.6% needed urgent dental treatment. In 4.5% of children, oral mucosal lesions were present.ConclusionThis study confirms the high need for dental treatment in the children of the Tibetan settlement investigated.
RETRACTED: Risk factors and healing factors for pharyngocutaneous fistula after total laryngectomy for laryngeal cancer: An epidemiological study
Authors: Tai Yong , Liu Fei , Liu Tongxun , Ma Jiqing , Qin Litao , Ji Yuzi , Dai Hanqing , Wang Guangke , Ma Lingcao , Zang Yanzi 
Published: April 2024

AbstractTo analyse the risk factors and healing factors of pharyngocutaneous fistula (PCF) in patients with laryngeal cancer after total laryngectomy, and to explore the relevant epidemiology. A retrospective analysis was conducted on laryngeal cancer patients who underwent total laryngectomy in our hospital from January 2010 to December 2022. The 349 patients included in the study were divided into a PCF group of 79 and a non‐PCF group of 270. Perform one‐way analysis of variance and multivariate logistic analysis on various data of patients included in the statistics, and analyse the risk factors and healing factors of PCF. Smoking, history of radiation therapy for laryngeal cancer, history of chemotherapy for laryngeal cancer, tumour location (larynx, pharynx, oesophagus), preoperative albumin, postoperative proteinaemia, <99 haemoglobin, postoperative haemoglobin, postoperative C‐reactive protein (CRP) level are the risk factors for PCF. Also, radiation therapy and postoperative proteinaemia were the main reasons for preventing PCF healing. Smoking history, laryngeal cancer, radiation therapy, albumin, haemoglobin and CRP are risk factors for postoperative PCF after total laryngectomy, while radiation therapy and postoperative hypoalbuminaemia are key factors affecting PCF healing.
Heat‐stress‐induced fertility loss in summer maize (Zea mays L.): Quantitative analysis of contributions from developmental and physiological damage to pollen
Authors: Wang Huiqin , Sun Jing , Ren Hao , Zhao Bin , Zhang Jiwang , Ren Baizhao , Liu Peng 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIn recent years, the frequency and intensity of exposure to heat stress have increased gradually, seriously hampering the production of maize. This paper presents a study designed to analyze how the development, physiology and dispersal of pollen from the heat‐resistant maize variety Zhengdan958 and the heat‐sensitive maize variety Xianyu335 are affected by exposure to heat stress during the tasselling stage. Our results showed That exposure to heat stress significantly increased the antioxidant enzyme activity in pollen. Upon visual inspection of the pollen, we found that the lower water content had given rise to wrinkles in the pollen surface, sunken germination pores, and morphological deformations. In addition, the anther dehiscence process was hindered, resulting in a reduced amount of pollen being dispersed. We also found elevated levels of abscisic acid (ABA), jasmonic acid (JA) and its derivatives, indole acetic acid (IAA) and gibberellin‐3 (GA3) in heat‐pollens, as well as elevated ratios of IAA to ABA and ABA to GA3. Ultimately impaired pollen fertility. Summarizing, our experiment revealed that reduced pollen quantity and quality are significant contributors to fertility losses in summer maize exposed to heat stress at anthesis, and we hope that our analysis of the physiological mechanisms involved can contribute to the development of crop management measures aimed at countering the increasingly detrimental effects of heat stress on the production of summer maize.
No optimal spatial filtering distance for mitigating sampling bias in ecological niche models
Authors: Lamboley Quentin , Fourcade Yoan 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAimThe continuous development of statistical tools applied to ecology has contributed to great advances for modelling species' niches and distributions from opportunistic observations. However, as these observations are subject to biases caused by spatial variation in sampling effort, ecological niche models (ENMs) are also frequently biased. Among several bias correction methods that have been proposed, spatial filtering—imposing a minimum distance between occurrences—is widely used, yet lacks clear guidelines for choosing the filtering distance. Here, we aimed to explore the impact of spatial filtering distances on the performance of ENMs.LocationEurope.TaxonVirtual species.MethodsWe applied ENMs to two virtual species with contrasting levels of specialisation, across a spectrum of modelling conditions, bias types and sample sizes.ResultsModels applied to the specialist species had on average a lower performance than those applied to the generalist species. Using a biased sample reduced model performance, especially when the bias was strong, and when the sample size was large. In many cases, spatial filtering failed to improve model performance or even reduced it. We did find an improvement for the generalist species modelled with large and strongly biased datasets. However, there was no optimal filtering distance, as this improvement was linearly and positively associated with filtering distance. Moreover, because the initial bias was strong and the filtered dataset became very small, the resulting models had only very low accuracy.Main ConclusionsOur results suggest that there is no optimal filtering distance for dealing with sampling bias in ENMs, and that spatial filtering never improves model performance enough to draw accurate predictions. We therefore recommend spatial filtering to be employed cautiously, only when enough data are available, and bearing in mind that its effectiveness remains highly uncertain.
Social and joint attention during shared book reading in young autistic children: a potential marker for social development
Authors: Ambarchi Zahava , Boulton Kelsie A. , Thapa Rinku , Arciuli Joanne , DeMayo Marilena M. , Hickie Ian B. , Thomas Emma E. , Guastella Adam J. 
Published: April 2024

BackgroundAtypical patterns of social engagement and joint attention behaviors are diagnostic criteria for people with autism spectrum disorder. Experimental tasks using eye‐tracking methodologies have, however, shown inconsistent results. The development of tasks with greater ecological validity and relevance for developmentally appropriate social milestones has been identified as important for the field.MethodsWe developed a novel, dynamic eye‐tracking task emulating a shared book reading (SBR) scenario. Four SBR videos of an adult reader engaging with the viewer while reading a children's picture book and including sequenced bids for joint attention were developed. Participants included 90 children (N = 56 autistic children, N = 34 neurotypical children; aged 3–12). Social attention was also measured in a live free play task between participants and an experimenter.ResultsCompared to neurotypical children, autistic children displayed reduced attention to socially salient stimuli including the reader's face and picture book across SBR videos and during joint attention bids specifically. In contrast, they showed increased attention to nonsalient background stimuli compared to their neurotypical peers. These attention patterns in autistic children were associated with reduced verbal and nonverbal cognitive skills and increased symptoms associated with autism. Interestingly, positive correlations in the frequency of eye gaze between SBR and free play suggested a potential predictive value for social attention in live social interactions.ConclusionsFindings highlight the utility of SBR eye‐tracking tasks in understanding underlying divergences in social engagement and joint attention between autistic and neurotypical children. This commonly practiced early childhood activity may provide insights into the relationship between social engagement and learning to reveal how such attentional patterns might influence broader developmental and educational outcomes.
Longitudinal trajectories of suicidal ideation among child welfare‐involved 7‐ to 12‐year‐old children
Authors: Ayer Lynsay , Hassler Gabriel , Ohana Elie , Sheftall Arielle H. , Anderson Nathaniel W. , Griffin Beth Ann 
Published: April 2024

BackgroundYoung children involved in the child welfare system (CWS) are at high risk for suicidal ideation (SI) at a time when overall rates of suicide death in this age group are rising. Yet risk factors for and changes in SI over time are poorly understood in this population.MethodWe combined data from two large representative longitudinal studies of children involved in the United States CWS. We examined patterns of SI among children who were between ages 7 and 12 years at the initial survey wave (N = 2,186), assessed at three waves using a measure of SI in the past 2 weeks. We conducted a multinomial regression to understand the baseline demographic, child maltreatment, and mental health characteristics that distinguish the trajectories.ResultsThere were eight different subgroups (Non‐Ideators, Late Ideators, Boomerang Ideators, Delayed Ideators, Desisters, Boomerang Non‐Ideators, Late Desisters, and Persisters). Differences in race, type of maltreatment, sex, and mental health symptoms were identified when comparing Persisters (SI at all three waves) to other groups.ConclusionsThese findings can help researchers and practitioners to develop strategies for better identifying CWS‐involved children who are in greatest need of suicide risk monitoring and intervention.