bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
From the Definition to the Automatic Assessment of Engagement in Human–Robot Interaction: A Systematic Review
Authors: Sorrentino Alessandra , Fiorini Laura , Cavallo Filippo 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe concept of engagement is widely adopted in the human–robot interaction (HRI) field, as a core social phenomenon in the interaction. Despite the wide usage of the term, the meaning of this concept is still characterized by great vagueness. A common approach is to evaluate it through self-reports and observational grids. While the former solution suffers from a time-discrepancy problem, since the perceived engagement is evaluated at the end of the interaction, the latter solution may be affected by the subjectivity of the observers. From the perspective of developing socially intelligent robots that autonomously adapt their behaviors during the interaction, replicating the ability to properly detect engagement represents a challenge in the social robotics community. This systematic review investigates the conceptualization of engagement, starting with the works that attempted to automatically detect it in interactions involving robots and real users (i.e., online surveys are excluded). The goal is to describe the most worthwhile research efforts and to outline the commonly adopted definitions (which define the authors’ perspective on the topic) and their connection with the methodology used for the assessment (if any). The research was conducted within two databases (Web of Science and Scopus) between November 2009 and January 2023. A total of 590 articles were found in the initial search. Thanks to an accurate definition of the exclusion criteria, the most relevant papers on automatic engagement detection and assessment in HRI were identified. Finally, 28 papers were fully evaluated and included in this review. The analysis illustrates that the engagement detection task is mostly addressed as a binary or multi-class classification problem, considering user behavioral cues and context-based features extracted from recorded data. One outcome of this review is the identification of current research barriers and future challenges on the topic, which could be clustered in the following fields: engagement components, annotation procedures, engagement features, prediction techniques, and experimental sessions.
Alcohol-related Consequences: Factor Structure and Associations With Trait Mindfulness and Drinking Motivations
Authors: Carney Lauren M. , Park Crystal L. , Russell Beth 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
This study aimed to determine if motivations to use alcohol (coping and social motivations) mediate the relationship between trait mindfulness and a variety of alcohol-related consequences and to determine if the relationship between motivations to use alcohol and alcohol-related consequences is moderated by alcohol use. We determined the factor structure of positive and negative consequences of alcohol use and used this structure as outcomes across eight moderated mediation models.

Methods
Data were obtained from 296 undergraduate students to confirm the alcohol-related consequences factor structure and to test eight moderated-mediation models.

Results
Four alcohol-related consequences scales (romantic/sexual, positive, mild negative, and severe negative consequences) were confirmed. The motive of drinking to cope significantly mediated the relationship between trait mindfulness and all four of the alcohol-related consequences scales. Drinking to socialize did not significantly mediate the relationship between trait mindfulness and all of the alcohol-related consequences scales.

Conclusions
The identified four-factor structure suggests that alcohol-related consequences should be assessed in a more specific manner. Additionally, different motivations for alcohol use relate differentially to trait mindfulness and different alcohol-related consequences; drinking to cope is particularly problematic for this population. Future research on the usefulness of promoting mindfulness to reduce problematic drinking appears warranted.
Characteristics of mast cell infiltration in lung adenocarcinoma and its impact on prognosis
Authors: Qiu Zijian , Pang Guanchao , Xu Xia , Lin Jun , Wang Pingli 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
The role of mast cells in malignancies remains unclear, and there is no clear correlation between mast cells and tumor microvessels, tumor growth, or lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) prognosis. This study aims to explore the association between mast cell density (MCD) and intratumoral microvessel density (MVD), clinicopathological parameters, and prognosis in LUAD, by evaluating mast cell infiltration characteristics and their prognostic significance.

Methods
This retrospective investigation involved 238 patients with LUAD undergoing complete resection. Tumor and normal lung tissue sections outside the tumor were immunohistochemically stained for MCD in the intratumoral and outside regions, respectively. CD34 polyclonal antibody was used to measure intratumoral MVD.

Results
Intratumoral regions of LUAD had a higher MCD (P < 0.001) than normal lung tissue. In the intratumoral region, MCD and CD34-MVD were positively correlated (r = 0.411, P < 0.001). Intratumoral MCD correlated with sex, smoking history, tumor differentiation, pathological subtype, and tumor size. Female sex (P = 0.012), no smoking history (P = 0.002), acinar predominant type (P = 0.012), and tumor size ≤ 3 cm (P = 0.009) were associated with a higher MCD, whereas poorly differentiated (P = 0.039) and solid/micropapillary predominant types (P = 0.001) were associated with a lower MCD. Higher intratumoral MCD exhibited a marginally improved overall survival, and individuals with higher MCD infiltration ratios (intratumoral MCD/outside the MCD) had higher disease-free and overall survival rates (log-rank P < 0.001). A high MCD infiltration ratio was associated with decreased risk of tumor progression and death following complete resection.

Conclusion
The tumor microenvironment controls mast cell infiltration in LUAD, and patients with increased intratumoral mast cell infiltration have better prognosis.
Percentage Comparison of Fuzzy Numbers Using a Newly Presented Method in the Context of Surrogate Modeling
Authors: Oberleiter Thomas , Willner Kai 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The O-index presented here allows a statement about the percentage deviation between two fuzzy numbers. For this purpose, one fuzzy number is defined s the reference. This fuzzy number is described with the help of its core value and its support. The deviation of the other fuzzy number, which is defined as the comparison number, is then quantified via the area differences of the left and right limits of the two numbers. In addition, the case when decomposed fuzzy numbers are involved, which are given as

$$\alpha $$

α

-cuts is taken into account. Thus, the O-index-

$$\alpha $$

α

can be used to calculate a separate percentage deviation for each

$$\alpha $$

α

-cut and thus generate additional knowledge. The O-index then allows a very detailed description of the deviation between two fuzzy numbers. One application of the O-index is the estimation of the accuracy of a surrogate model in relation to a reference model in the context of uncertainty quantification. This is illustrated by a mechanical example, a bending beam.
Rise of Global South and changes in contemporary international order
Authors: Zhou Guiyin 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe rise of the Global South, already an important factor in contemporary global politics, has initiated and will continue to instigate huge changes in international order. Since World War II, the rise of the Global South has transitioned through three stages: decolonization (1945–1989), globalization (1990–2008), and the rise of emerging economies as a group (since 2009). Countries in the South acted first as “rebels”, then “responsive participants” and now as “active agents” within the system. Through the three stages of development, the rise of the Global South has caused varying changes in international order at different levels and in different regions and fields. These changes, however, all manifest in three aspects: power structure, modes of international interactions, and international rules and systems. Revealing the interactions and mechanisms between the rise of the Global South and the changes in contemporary international order both vertically and horizontally will contribute to further understanding the great changes and general direction of today’s world politics.
Mikania micrantha Kunth and its derived biochar impacts on heavy metal bioavailability and siderophore-related genes during chicken manure composting
Authors: Abdellah Yousif Abdelrahman Yousif , Chen Hong-Yu , Deng Shi-Wen , Li Wan-Ting , Ren Rong-Jie , Yang Xi , Rana Muhammad Shoaib , Sun Shan-Shan , Liu Jia-Jie , Wang Rui-Long 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBiochar can potentially reduce heavy metals (HMs) mobility and bioavailability during composting. However, siderophores secreted by functional microbes might lead to the re-mobilization of metals like Cu and Zn. Therefore, this study intended to explore the impacts of Mikania micrantha Kunth (MM) and MM-derived biochar (MMB) in the reduction of Cu and Zn bioavailability, and siderophore-related gene abundances during composting. Compared with MM and corn straw (CS) composts, a significant decline was noticed in the extractable and reducible Cu [(2.3 mg kg−1 + 12.1 mg kg−1), and (3.3 mg kg−1 + 14.6 mg kg−1)], and Zn [(103.1 mg kg−1 + 110.1 mg kg−1), and (109.6 mg kg−1 + 117.2 mg kg−1)] in MMB and corn straw biochar (CSB) composts, respectively. Besides, the lowest relative abundance of HMs-resistant bacteria particularly Corynebacterium (0.40%), Pseudomonas (0.46%), and Enterobacter (0.47%), was noted in MMB compost. Also, a significant increase in sesquiterpenoid and triterpenoid biosynthesis abundance (5.77%) accompanied by a reduction in the abundance of clusters related to siderophore transport, and siderophore transmembrane transporter activity was detected in MMB compost. Multivariate analysis labeled temperature, moisture content, total organic carbon, Corynebacterium, and Bacillus as the primary factors significantly correlated with the Cu and Zn bioavailability (− 0.90 ≤ r ≤ 0.90, P < 0.05). The structural equation model revealed that physicochemical parameters, microbial abundance, and siderophores exert a substantial influence on Cu and Zn bioavailability. Accordingly, MM and its derived biochar are recommended as an effective approach for accelerating Cu and Zn bioavailability reduction and managing the growth and distribution of invasive plants.
Graphical Abstract
Algebraic curves associated with centrosymmetric matrices of orders up to 6
Authors: Bebiano N. , Lemos R. , Soares G. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIn this paper the boundary generating curves and numerical ranges of centrosymmetric matrices of orders up to 6 are characterized in terms of the matrices entries. These results extend previous ones concerning Kac-Sylvester matrices. The classification of all the possible boundary generating curves for centrosymmetric matrices of higher dimensions remains open.
Percutaneous computed tomography-guided drainage of presacral fluid collections: a comprehensive analysis of 93 cases in a single-center experience
Authors: Franceschi Paola , Attinà Domenico , Niro Fabio , Sportoletti Camilla , Buia Francesco , Lovato Luigi 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Purpose
To retrospectively evaluate the safety and efficacy of computed tomography (CT)-guided drainage of presacral fluid collections.

Methods
The records of patients who underwent percutaneous CT-guided drainages of presacral fluid collections at our institution from January 2015 to October 2023 were retrospectively reviewed. Demographics and morphological data, procedural details, complications, and outcomes were analyzed.

Results
In all, 93 patients with 95 presacral fluid collections received percutaneous CT-guided drainages. A total of 117 procedures were performed with 18 patients who required re-drainages. Technical and radiological success rate of drainage placement procedures was, respectively, 98% and 78%. One of 93 [1%] patients experienced a minor complication from drainage placement. No major complications occurred. The preferred approach was left infrapiriformis transgluteal in prone position. Median drainage size was 10 Fr (range 6–14 Fr).

Conclusions
Percutaneous CT-guided drainage is a safe and effective treatment option for presacral fluid collections, which in selected cases can be used as an alternative to surgery or as a preparatory phase for it, with minor complications occurring rarely.
Equisingularity in pencils of curves on germs of reduced complex surfaces
Authors: Barranco Mendoza Gonzalo , Snoussi Jawad 
Published: June 2024

AbstractWe study pencils of curves on a germ of complex reduced surface $(S,0)$. These are families of curves parametrized by $ \mathbb{P}^1 $ having 0 as the unique common point. We prove that for $w\in \mathbb{P}^1$, the corresponding curve of the pencil does not have the generic topology if and only if either the corresponding curve of the pulled-back pencil to the normalized surface has a non generic topology or w is a limit value for the function $ f/g $ along the singular locus of $(S,0)$, where f and g are generators of the pencil.
Revolving doors in Europe: does hiring from the public sector facilitate access?
Authors: Belli Sharon S. , Stevens Frederik 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIn recent years, the movement of personnel from the public sector to interest groups has garnered considerable attention throughout Europe. Consequently, there has been an increased focus on the phenomenon of revolving door lobbyists within academic literature. This research contributes to this scholarly discussion by examining how the employment of such lobbyists facilitates access. We argue that interest groups gain advantages by recruiting individuals from the public sector in policy domains with limited mobilization, but this benefit decreases as more interest groups mobilize. Our analysis of survey data from seven European political systems supports these expectations, indicating that recruiting professionals with experience in the public sector enhances access, especially in policy areas with minimal lobbying activity. This highlights the potential for interest mobilization to counterbalance the advantages of hiring revolving door lobbyists.
Loneliness and social isolation of ethnic minority/immigrant older adults: a scoping review
Authors: Joshi Mengxing , Finney Nissa , Hale Jo Mhairi 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Loneliness and social isolation among older adults are emerging public health concerns. Older adults from ethnic minority communities or with immigration backgrounds may be particularly vulnerable when encountering loneliness and social isolation due to the double jeopardy of their old age and minority status. The goal of this study is to conduct a scoping review of published journal articles on ethnic minority/immigrant older adults' loneliness and social isolation experiences to show the extent, range and nature of empirical studies in this area across several high-income countries (i.e. European countries, United States of America (USA), Canada, Australia and New Zealand). This review uses Arksey and O'Malley's five-state framework, a well-established scoping review method. We identify and analyse 76 articles published between 1983 and 2021. This evidence base is largely US-focused (54%) with the vast majority (76%) having a quantitative design. We summarise and map factors of loneliness and social isolation into a multi-dimensional socio-ecological model. By doing so, we show how ethnicity/immigration-specific factors and general factors intersect in multiple dimensions across places and time, shaping ethnic minority/immigrant older adults' heterogeneous experiences of loneliness and social isolation. Several critical gaps that should be at the forefront of future research are highlighted and discussed.
Individual differences in L2 proficiency moderate the effect of L1 translation knowledge on L2 lexical retrieval
Authors: Takahesu Tabori Andrea Akemi , Pyers Jennie E. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The effect of translation knowledge on bilingual lexical production is mixed, with some studies showing translation interference and others showing facilitation. We considered the roles of first-language (L1) translation knowledge and second-language (L2) proficiency in lexical retrieval, testing predictions of the competition for selection, frequency lag and activation boosting accounts. In experiment 1, 54 highly proficient Spanish–English bilinguals named pictures of low-frequency nouns in English (L2). Spanish (L1) translation knowledge and English proficiency had an interactive effect on tip-of-the-tongue experiences with increased L1 translation interference at low levels of L2 proficiency and facilitation at high levels of L2 proficiency, consistent with combined predictions of competition for selection and activation boosting accounts. Experiment 2 confirmed that confounding lexical variables did not drive translation effects. By examining individual differences within bilinguals, we found support for multiple mechanisms that play a role in bilingual lexical retrieval that were not evident at the group level.
Communicating overpopulation to a global audience: Disney’s Family Planning (1968)
Authors: Ellis Patrick , Olszynko-Gryn Jesse 
Published: June 2024

AbstractFamily Planning (1968), a short, animated film featuring Donald Duck, was translated into at least twenty-four languages and viewed in the span of two years by nearly 1.4 million people around the world. Commissioned by the Rockefeller’s Population Council and expensively produced by Disney, the movie represents the international family planning industry’s single largest investment in a media object. It has since been perceived as largely effective in achieving its goal of promoting contraception to culturally diverse audiences. Using an unusually rich collection of archival records and other previously neglected sources, we demonstrate how Family Planning failed to connect with local viewerships. Our historical analysis recovers the Population Council’s homogenizing and infantilizing view of the global poor and critiques of this view that emanated from the Global South – not just with the benefit of hindsight but at the time. We conclude that the Rockefeller–Disney collaboration was ill-suited for communicating to a heterogeneous, global audience, and that a misplaced optimism in animation as a universal language all but guaranteed failure.
Impact of burial depth and root segment length on vegetative propagation of common milkweed (Asclepias syriaca)
Authors: Stup Rebecca S. , Westbrook Anna S. , DiTommaso Antonio 
Published: June 2024

AbstractCommon milkweed (Asclepias syriaca L.) is widely planted as part of monarch butterfly (Danaus plexippus) conservation efforts. Vegetative propagation is an alternative to planting A. syriaca from seed and offers advantages such as high emergence rates. The aim of this study was to determine the ideal planting depth and initial root segment length to vegetatively propagate A. syriaca. In a greenhouse trial with two runs, A. syriaca was grown from seed, and then 3-, 8-, and 15-cm segments were harvested. These segments were then planted at depths of 3, 8, or 15 cm. Planting depth did not impact A. syriaca growth, but an initial root segment length of 15 cm was associated with greater above- and belowground biomass and height in both runs of the experiment. Emergence rates were not impacted by either factor. Overall, A. syriaca was likely to establish regardless of the initial root segment length or planting depth, but plants grown from root segments of 15 cm were more vigorous than plants grown from shorter segments.
Different Strategies of Stratospheric Aerosol Injection Would Significantly Affect Climate Extreme Mitigation
Authors: Jiang Jiu , Xia Yi , Cao Long , Kravitz Ben , MacMartin Douglas G. , Fu Jianjie , Jiang Guibin 
Published: June 2024

AbstractStratospheric aerosol injection (SAI) has been proposed as a potential supplement to mitigate some climate impacts of anthropogenic warming. Using Community Earth System Model ensemble simulation results, we analyze the response of temperature and precipitation extremes to two different SAI strategies: one injects SO2 at the equator to stabilize global mean temperature and the other injects SO2 at multiple locations to stabilize global mean temperature as well as the interhemispheric and equator‐to‐pole temperature gradients. Our analysis shows that in the late 21st century, compared with the present‐day climate, both equatorial and multi‐location injection lead to reduced hot extremes in the tropics, corresponding to overcooling of the mean climate state. In mid‐to‐high latitude regions, in comparison to the present‐day climate, substantial decreases in cold extremes are observed under both equatorial and multi‐location injection, corresponding to residual winter warming of the mean climate state. Both equatorial and multi‐location injection reduce precipitation extremes in the tropics below the present‐day level, associated with the decrease in mean precipitation. Overall, for most regions, temperature and precipitation extremes show reduced change in response to multi‐location injection than to equatorial injection, corresponding to reduced mean climate change for multi‐location injection. In comparison with equatorial injection, in response to multi‐location injection, most land regions experience fewer years with significant change in cold extremes from the present‐day level, and most tropical regions experience fewer years with significant change in hot extremes. The design of SAI strategies to mitigate anthropogenic climate extremes merits further study.
Asynchronous Methane and Carbon Dioxide Fluxes Drive Temporal Variability of Mangrove Blue Carbon Sequestration
Authors: Zhu Xudong , Chen Jingke , Li Lichun , Li Mingjie , Li Tingting , Qin Zhangcai , Wang Fan , Zhao Xiaosong 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe climate benefit of blue carbon sequestered by mangrove forests can be partially offset by CH4 emission, but this offset is rarely assessed using multi‐year high‐frequency measurements. Here, four‐year eddy covariance measurements were used to examine temporal patterns of CH4 flux and its blue carbon offset (i.e., reduced climate benefit) in a subtropical estuarine mangrove in China. We found both diel and seasonal CH4 fluxes were mainly driven by soil temperature and tidal activities, showing greater nighttime emission. On average, one‐tenth of CO2 uptake was offset by CH4 emission using the sustained‐flux global warming potential metric at a 20‐year time horizon, while this offset could vary over an order of magnitude due to asynchronous fluxes of CH4 and CO2 across diel and seasonal cycles. These results highlight the significant contribution of nighttime emission to mangrove CH4 budget and the importance of asynchronous flux variations in assessing mangrove's climate benefit.