bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rethinking Experiences of Birth in Our Operating Theatre (REBOOT): A Qualitative Study of Patient and Staff Experiences of Birth in the Operating Theatre
Authors: McKimmie‐Doherty M. , Sweet L. , Blackman B. , O'Donohoe R. , Sheridan N. , Coghlan E. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundBirth in the operating theatre is increasing in prevalence and includes elective and emergency caesarean section and instrumental vaginal births. Birth in the operating theatre is a well‐documented risk factor for negative subjective patient outcomes. Despite this, there has been little research into women's experiences of birth in theatre or staff perspectives on how they may create and contribute to a more positive theatre birth environment.AimTo explore both the women and caregiver's experiences of birth in the operative theatre and to identify ways to deliver and optimise woman‐centred care.Materials and MethodsThis qualitative prospective study used experience based co–design principles and enrolled both women who gave birth in the operating theatre and staff who cared for them. All participants underwent semi‐structured interviews to discuss their birth experiences. Thematic analysis was then undertaken to identify key themes from both the caregiver and patient perspective.ResultsKey themes centered around communication and maintaining an empowering birth environment. Participants acknowledged the need for clear and respectful communication between women, their support person, and the multidisciplinary team, particularly within emergency situations. Supporting and maintaining an empowering birth environment was achieved through advocacy, autonomy, and inclusion of a support person at all stages of the theatre journey.ConclusionsCommunication and an empowering birth environment significantly influenced the subjective experience of birth within the operating theatre. Results from this study may be used to identify system adaptations and improvements to support more positive birth experiences in the operating theatre.
Prototype master protocol for benchmarking of real‐world follow‐up data in glaucoma
Authors: Hujanen Pekko , Tuulonen Anja , Leinonen Sanna , Vepsäläinen Kristian , Jóhannesson Gauti , Vaajanen Anu , Lehtonen Eemil , Uusitalo‐Jarvinen Hannele 
Published: February 2025

AbstractPurposeThe purpose of this study was to create a prototype master protocol for benchmarking glaucoma real‐world data (RWD). Benchmarking is part of the digital innovation strategy of the Finnish aces‐rwm ecosystem (automation of care and evaluation of the system with real‐world monitoring).MethodsWe collected glaucoma RWD in 2012–17 at Tampere University Hospital (Tays) and compared them to six published RWD sets (one in Sweden and five in England). Visual field (VF) data at Tays were retrieved from the perimeter, and clinical RWD were collected manually. At baseline, VF data were available in 2511 of 4121 glaucoma patients (61%), of whom 1413 patients (56%) had 5 years of VF follow‐up by 2017 (34% of all 4121 patients). Mean deviation (MD) data were analysed in multiple ways, considering also age and intraocular pressure (IOP).ResultsIn most data sets, higher age was related to faster progression. At Tays, the distributions of progression rates were similar in better and worse eyes. The proportions of eyes at Tays with the medium rate of MD progression (17% for 0.5–1.5 dB/year) and the fast rate (6% for >1.5 dB/year) were similar to the published RWD trial in England. The published datasets show significant variability in how their findings were reported.ConclusionsThis study represents a first step toward the development of a master protocol for real‐world benchmarking of glaucoma care. Further refinement of the protocol will encourage and require national and international collaboration in order to produce comprehensive and comparable real‐world EHR data sets.
Sex Differences in Body Composition and MASLD in Children With Overweight and Obesity
Authors: Uretzky Adi , Cohen‐Sela Eyal , Yackobovitch‐Gavan Michal , Ben Simon Asaf , Midlij Eyas , Zaitoon Hussein , Borger Ophir , Interator Hagar , Amir Achiya Z. , Moran‐Lev Hadar , Brener Avivit , Lebenthal Yael 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTAimTo explore the relationships between body composition, indices of hepatic fibrosis, and sonographic evidence of hepatic steatosis in children with overweight and obesity.MethodsOne hundred and seventy individuals (age 12.7 ± 3.4 years, 38.2% boys) with overweight/obesity (BMI z‐score 2.02 ± 0.54) underwent bioelectrical impedance analysis (fat percentage, truncal‐to‐total fat ratio, muscle‐to‐fat ratio [MFR]). Hepatic assessments included ultrasonography to detect liver steatosis, alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST)/ALT ratio, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease fibrosis score (NFS). A forward logistic regression model, adjusting for sex, age, and socio‐economic position, was conducted.ResultsThe odds for sonographic hepatic steatosis increased by 3.8‐fold for each SD decrease in MFR z‐score (OR = 0.263, 95% CI [0.067–1.031], p = 0.05). The strongest correlation among boys was between MFR z‐score and AST/ALT ratio (r = 0.530, p < 0.001), whereas the strongest correlation among girls was between fat percentage and NFS (r = 0.503, p < 0.001). Individuals with sonographic hepatic steatosis had higher fat mass (p = 0.003), lower MFR z‐score (p = 0.020), greater insulin resistance (p = 0.018), and atherogenic dyslipidemic index (p = 0.037) compared to those without.ConclusionsWe identified sex differences in the association between body composition and hepatic fibrosis indices. The relationship between adverse body composition and increased odds of hepatic steatosis underscores the importance of its assessment within this at‐risk population.
Oral hyoscine butylbromide exerts spasmolytic effects in both gastrointestinal and urogenital tissues in rats
Authors: Traserra Sara , Appelqvist Terence , Lange Robert , Corsetti Maura , Jimenez Marcel 
Published: February 2025

Background and PurposeHyoscine butylbromide (HBB) has a low oral (PO) bioavailability. Further, limited data on its activity on non‐gastrointestinal (GI) smooth muscle spasms after oral dosing are available, causing its effects beyond the GI tract to be questioned. This pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) study, conducted using female rats, aimed to cover this gap.Experimental ApproachPK study: HBB and atropine (as a comparator agent) were administered PO and IV to rats, and concentrations in plasma and tissues (colon, uterus and urinary bladder; CUB) were measured. PD study 1: concentration–response curves of HBB and atropine (10−9–10−4 M) were obtained for carbachol‐induced (10−5 M) pre‐contracted tissues; PD study 2: CUB were pre‐incubated with HBB and atropine at maximum concentrations (Cmax) from PK studies and carbachol concentration–response curves (10−9–10−4 M) were obtained; PD study 3: HBB and atropine were administered PO and IV to rats as for PK study, CUB tissues were collected at 0.5 h (IV) and 4 h (PO), and carbachol concentration–response curves (10−9–10−4 M) obtained.Key ResultsPO HBB showed higher Cmax in CUB tissues than in plasma. HBB and atropine reduced, concentration‐dependently, carbachol‐induced contractions in CUB tissues. PO HBB showed highest spasmolytic activity in colon (40%), followed by uterus (30%) and urinary bladder (10%).Conclusion and ImplicationsThis is the first comparison of PO and IV HBB and atropine in GI and non‐GI tissues. Despite low bioavailability, PO HBB accumulated and exerted spasmolytic effects in tissues beyond the GI tract.
Primary Cutaneous Spindle Cell Sarcoma With FN1::FGFR1 Fusion
Authors: Shah Ahmed , Lo Ying‐Chun , Torres‐Mora Jorge 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTWe report a case of a primary cutaneous spindle cell sarcoma (SCS) with FN1::FGFR1 fusion. The tumor lacked the typical histologic and immunohistochemical features associated with other FN1‐rearranged neoplasms, such as phosphaturic mesenchymal tumors (PMT) and calcified chondroid mesenchymal neoplasms (CCMN). Unlike PMTs, which often feature a cartilaginous matrix and are associated with tumor‐induced osteomalacia (TIO), the present case lacked these characteristics and did not show FGF23 mRNA expression. Immunohistochemically, the tumor cells showed patchy staining for CD34 but were negative for markers such as ERG, desmin, S100, and pan‐TRK. The fusion event in this case involves the loss of the FGFR1 Ig1 (D1) domain, a mechanism proposed to drive oncogenesis by releasing FGFR1 from autoinhibition. Despite the preservation of other FGFR1 domains, no evidence of FGF23 signaling was detected, and the patient had no clinical history of TIO. This case underscores the complexity of oncogenesis in FN1::FGFR1‐rearranged neoplasms, a form of “promiscuous” gene fusion, where similar fusions lead to diverse tumor phenotypes. It emphasizes the importance of incorporating molecular testing in diagnosing spindle cell sarcomas, particularly those occurring in acral sites, to identify this underrecognized entity.
Adverse events and impact on quality of life of antibody‐drug conjugates in the treatment of metastatic breast cancer: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Perachino Marta , Blondeaux Eva , Molinelli Chiara , Ruelle Tommaso , Giannubilo Irene , Arecco Luca , Nardin Simone , Razeti Maria Grazia , Borea Roberto , Favero Diletta , Lanzavecchia Chiara , Chiappe Edoardo , Tomasello Loredana , Mariamidze Elene , Jankovic Kristina , Stana Mihaela , Ottonello Silvia , Scavone Graziana , de Moura Leite Luciana , Spinaci Stefano , Saura Cristina , Lambertini Matteo 
Published: February 2025

AbstractBackgroundAntibody‐drug conjugates are novel effective therapies for metastatic breast cancer. Nevertheless, their toxicity profile can significantly affect patients' quality of life over time.MethodsThis is a systematic review and meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials of antibody‐drug conjugates currently approved for the treatment of metastatic breast cancer [trastuzumab‐emtansine (T‐DM1), trastuzumab deruxtecan (T‐DXd) and sacituzumab‐govitecan (SG)] versus standard therapy to evaluate the risk of adverse events, discontinuation rate due to toxicity, impact on quality of life according to EORTC QLQ‐C30 scale and subdomains. Relative risks (RR) and hazard ratios (HR) with 95% CIs were calculated using random effects models.ResultsNine trials with a total of 5753 patients were included. The most common adverse events of any grade for T‐DM1 included thrombocytopenia (RR 7.14, 95% CI 4.13–12.36) and increased alanine‐transaminase (ALT) (RR 2.04, 95% CI 1.43–2.91), for T‐DXd were nausea (RR 2.39, 95% CI 1.90–3.00) and anemia (RR 1.55, 95% CI 1.27–1.90), while for SG were neutropenia (RR 1.30, 95% CI 1.14–1.49), diarrhea (RR 3.62, 95% CI 2.97–4.42) and nausea (RR1.90, 95% CI 1.65–2.19). Severe adverse events such as interstitial lung disease and left ventricular dysfunction were peculiar of T‐DXd. Antibody‐drug conjugates significantly delayed clinical deterioration of global health status by EORTC QLQ‐C30 (HR .71, 95% CI .59–.86), physical, emotional and social functioning, pain and fatigue symptoms.ConclusionsThis meta‐analysis offers consolidated data on adverse events associated with antibody‐drug conjugates and their effects on patients' quality of life, emphasizing differences based on the specific agent. These findings underscore the critical need for effective strategies to prevent, diagnose and manage these toxicities.
Rare earth silicate in SiCf/SiC composites: Toward water‒oxygen corrosion resistance in high‐temperature gas environment
Authors: Pu Longjiao , Zhang Qing , Ye Fang , Cheng Laifei , Guo Guangda 
Published: February 2025

AbstractSilicon carbide fiber‐reinforced silicon carbide ceramic matrix (SiCf/SiC) composites are considered as one of the preferred materials for aero‐engine hot‐end components; however, they will face serious performance degradation when exposed to the complex and harsh environment of high temperature and water‒oxygen corrosion coupling. How to solve the problem of SiCf/SiC composites is a growing concern in the international community. Rare earth silicate materials usually have the advantages of good high‐temperature stability, low oxygen permeability constant, and thermal expansion coefficient matching with SiC, which are internationally recognized as the preferred systems for the new generation of environmental barrier coatings (EBCs); meanwhile, the use of rare earth compounds for matrix modification of SiCf/SiC composites to improve their resistance to water‒oxygen corrosion has gained wide attention. Therefore, the recent progress in rare earth silicate EBCs and modified SiCf/SiC composites are reviewed. Finally, the challenges and prospects of rare earth silicate in improving the water‒oxygen corrosion resistance of SiCf/SiC composites are presented.
Assessment of Feasibility and Outcomes of RUS Surgical Navigation System During Robot‐Assisted Partial Nephrectomy for Small Renal Masses
Authors: Lee Sangmin , Lee Hyun Young , Song Cheryn 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTObjectivesThis phase I trial evaluated the RUS 3D virtual surgical navigation system's feasibility during robot‐assisted partial nephrectomy.MethodsIn ten patients who underwent robot‐assisted partial nephrectomy at Asan Medical Center, a 3D virtual anatomical model was reconstructed from preoperative computerized tomography scans. The 3D model was integrated with the surgeon's console through TilePro, providing manipulable virtual anatomy during surgery. Following standard robot‐assisted partial nephrectomy procedures performed by a single experienced surgeon using the navigation system, perioperative parameters were compared with a control group of 30 patients matched for tumor and body morphometric characteristics.ResultsThe navigation system was well integrated into the surgical workflow without technical issues, providing accurate anatomical visualization, particularly of the regional calyces and intrarenal vessel branches. The navigation group had shorter operative times (122 vs. 144.7 min) and less frequent collecting system entry (40% vs. 66.7%). For equivalent tumor size, resected specimen volume was significantly smaller in the navigation group (6.8 vs. 16.7 cm3, p = 0.035). The navigation group also experienced a shorter hospital stay (p = 0.046) and a more modest decrease in glomerular filtration rate postoperatively (8.9% vs. 12.2%). There were no perioperative complications in either group.ConclusionsThe integration of the 3D navigation system into robot‐assisted partial nephrectomy was both feasible and safe, providing enhanced anatomical information while maintaining a consistent level of operative risk. The use of the navigation system resulted in reduced renal parenchymal volume resected, suggesting potential benefits in renal function preservation.
Accuracy of Ionizing‐Radiation‐Based and Non‐Ionizing Imaging Assessments for the Diagnosis of Periodontitis: Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Discepoli Nicola , De Rubertis Isabella , Wasielewski Cecile , Troiano Giuseppe , Carra Maria Clotilde 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTAimsTo evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of periapical, bitewing or panoramic radiographs (standard 2D radiographs) in detecting and monitoring periodontitis (PICO 1) and to assess the clinical relevance of alternative and emerging diagnostic methods (e.g., cone‐beam computed tomography [CBCT], magnetic resonance imaging [MRI], ultrasound imaging [USG]) compared to standard 2D radiographs or clinical/intra‐surgical examination in the diagnosis and surveillance of the disease (PICO 2).Materials and MethodsA systematic literature search was conducted through MEDLINE EMBASE, Scopus and Cochrane Library. When feasible (n > 2 comparable studies), a meta‐analysis of diagnostic accuracy was performed.ResultsFor PICO 1, 26 studies met the inclusion criteria. Pooled‐data analysis from three studies showed a sensitivity of 0.77 (95% confidence interval, CI: 0.66–0.85), specificity of 0.76 (95% CI: 0.64–0.84) and accuracy of 0.82, with a diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) of 137.99 (95% CI: 6.99–368.90). For PICO 2, 51 articles were included dealing with different techniques. The meta‐analysis for CBCT (three studies) showed a pooled sensitivity and specificity of 0.98 (95% CI: 0.96–1.00) and 0.98 (95% CI: 0.95–1.00), respectively, and a diagnostic accuracy of 0.99 in the detection of furcation involvement compared to intra‐surgical measurements.ConclusionsStandard 2D radiographs appear to have adequate diagnostic accuracy for periodontitis, while CBCT is highly sensitive and specific to detect and classify furcation involvement. The role of non‐ionizing techniques (MRI and USG) in diagnosing periodontitis remains under investigation.
Exploring automated tracking of chemicals through their conditions of use to support life cycle chemical assessment
Authors: Chea John D. , Meyer David E. , Smith Raymond L. , Takkellapati Sudhakar , Ruiz‐Mercado Gerardo J. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractModeling the fate of chemicals across their life cycle when considering all potential uses can be challenging because of the data gaps arising from issues like confidential business information (data accessibility) and complex processing schemes (involvement in formulations, reactions, and separations) across multiple industries, products, and applications. Thus, assessing chemicals for safety and/or sustainability requires developing an extensive knowledge of chemical releases along the various conditions of use (CoU) to identify potential impacts on human health and the environment. The first step in this process is mapping the flow of a chemical throughout its various downstream uses, which can be time‐intensive. Here, a chemical mapping methodology is developed to qualitatively assess the allocation of a chemical of interest from its manufacture through its CoU in consumer, commercial, and industrial products. The chemical flow mapping combines knowledge from searches of publicly available data sources based on the chemical's Chemical Abstracts Service number to determine viable chemical flow paths. Examples of data sources when applying this approach to chemicals in the United States include the Chemical Data Reporting database, the Toxics Release Inventory, the North American Industry Classification System, and the Chemical and Products Database. The methodology is demonstrated using case studies of methylene chloride and triphenyl phosphate. The value of this approach is its ability to be automated and enable rapid determination of the life cycle chemical flow for expedited chemical assessment.
Sun Protection Used by Cyclists in Southern Brazil
Authors: de Freitas Eduarda Mazurkievz , Purim Kátia Sheylla Malta 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundCycling is a practice that is increasing globally. However, there is a paucity of studies regarding sun protection usage among cyclists.MethodsThe present study uses a cross‐sectional design. An online survey was conducted using the Google Forms platform, and a self‐administered form was used to gather the participant's sociodemographic details, sporting practices, and sun protection usage habits. The full questionnaire file can be found as Supporting Information. Descriptive statistics were analyzed using Microsoft Excel, and the chi‐square test of independence was performed to determine the association between the variables using a contingency table.ResultsThe study sample comprised 379 cyclists, predominantly men (69.7%), and most cyclists were observed to be using some type of cycling‐related application (81.3%). Approximately 67.3% of the cyclists used sunscreen. The sunscreen was applied once a day (45.4%), and the usage of sunscreen was lower in men (58%) and those with higher phototypes (69.2%). Furthermore, using long‐sleeved shirts and sunglasses while cycling was 49.3% and 75.5% of the participants, respectively. Among the participants who did not use sun protection, 35% cycled for over 7 h a week.ConclusionThe results indicate that cyclists must be encouraged to use sun protection, especially men and athletes with higher phototypes. Such use could be optimized in this population, associating the technologies related to the practice of cycling with health promotion.
Fit‐Focused Secondary Control and Psychological Well‐being of Older Married Couples in Japan and the United States
Authors: Takemura Akiko , Okabayashi Hideki , Morling Beth 
Published: February 2025

AbstractFit‐focused secondary control (FFSC)—the process of adjusting some aspect of the self and accepting circumstances as they are—is an important coping strategy for older adults' well‐being. However, for older married couples, it is unclear whether one partner's FFSC is related to both their own and their partner's psychological well‐being and whether cultural differences exist in this relationship. An online survey was administered to 199 Japanese and 208 American older married couples to assess their positive affect, negative affect, marital satisfaction, and their adjustment and acceptance strategies to marital disagreements and pleasurable shared activities. The actor–partner interdependence model showed that husband and wife FFSC was positively associated with individual and partner positive affect and marital satisfaction but negatively associated with individual negative affect. Cultural differences were observed: the association between husband and wife FFSC and partner marital satisfaction was stronger for Japanese couples than for American couples. These findings suggest that FFSC predicts the psychological well‐being not only of individuals but also of those around them.
Comparison of viscoelastic coagulation parameters, blood loss and surgical time between asymptomatic heartworm antigen‐positive and negative dogs presented for elective gonadectomy
Authors: Newmans B. K. , Fudge J. M. , Clarkin‐Breslin R. , Silverstein D. C. , Verocai G. G. 
Published: February 2025

ObjectivesThe primary objective of this study was to evaluate viscoelastic profiles in heartworm antigen‐positive versus antigen‐negative dogs using a point‐of‐care viscoelastic device. A secondary objective was to compare intraoperative bleeding and surgical duration between these same groups.Materials and MethodsDogs presented for elective surgical gonadectomy were screened for the presence of heartworm antigen using a commercial antigen detection test. Viscoelastic testing was performed in equal numbers of asymptomatic heartworm antigen‐positive and ‐negative dogs. Viscoelastic data recorded included Clot Time, Clot Formation Time, α‐angle, Maximum Clot Formation, Amplitude at 10 minutes (A10), Amplitude at 20 minutes (A20), Lysis Index at 30 minutes (LI30) and Lysis Index at 45 minutes (LI45). Other data included intraoperative blood loss via the gravimetric technique and surgical time (incision to closure).ResultsA total of 60 dogs (30 heartworm antigen‐negative and 30 heartworm antigen‐positive) were enrolled in the study. There were no significant differences between Clot Time, Clot Formation Time, α‐angle, LI30 and LI45 between heartworm antigen‐positive and ‐negative dogs; however, Maximum Clot Formation, A10 and A20 were higher in heartworm antigen‐positive dogs. All viscoelastic results were within previously published normal reference ranges. No significant differences in surgical gonadectomy duration or intraoperative blood loss were observed between groups for male or female dogs.Clinical SignificanceApparently healthy heartworm antigen‐positive dogs were relatively hypercoagulable as defined by viscoelastic testing compared to heartworm antigen‐negative dogs. There was no apparent additional risk of bleeding in dogs with subclinical heartworm infection.