bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Influence of Nitrocarburizing on Wear Behavior of Forging Dies
Authors: Mane J.B. , Prasad R.C. , Radhakrishnan B. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Die life is an important ingredient in cost of forgings, particularly in hot forgings. A number of surface hardening techniques are used to improve the die wear life. Surface hardening mainly constitutes surface preparation and its treatment to obtain desired properties. In this investigation gaseous ferritic nitrocarburizing was carried out on the DIN 1.2714(55NiCrMov7) steel that is used to manufacture dies for crankshafts and axle beams. The compound layer (White layer), diffuse layer, and core structure were identified using optical microscope. The effect of surface treatment (sand blasting) and process parameters like nitrogen and carbon activities on the formation of different layers during nitrocarburizing are reported and discussed in the paper. The wear rate with respect to sliding distance, sliding velocity and normal load are reported along with the analysis of wear mechanisms.
Distortion Control of Transmission Components by Optimized High Pressure Gas Quenching
Authors: Heuer Volker , Faron Donald R. , Bolton David , Lifshits Mike , Loeser Klaus 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The paper presents how “Dynamic Quenching” and “Reversing gas flow” - processes are successfully applied on Internal ring gears and planetary gears for a 6 speed automatic transmission. The specific challenge was to reduce distortion in such a way that subsequent machining operations are entirely eliminated. As a result of extensive development in the quenching process it was possible to meet the design metrological requirements. The internal ring gears have been in continuous production since 2006. By utilizing the special CFC-fixtures and quench methodology of “Dynamic Quenching,” the customer was able to achieve the design intent, while eliminating all machining operations of the ring gears following LPC/HPGQ. Subsequent testing and monitoring over a two year period progressively demonstrated that conformance and quality inspection was reduced accordingly.
Results of expedition measurements of PM10, PAHs and mercury above the water area of Lake Baikal in August 2023
Authors: Marinaite I.I. I.I. ,   Limnological Institute Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ulan-Batorskaya Str., 3, Irkutsk, 664033, Russia, Khodzher T.V. T.V. ,   Limnological Institute Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ulan-Batorskaya Str., 3, Irkutsk, 664033, Russia, Shikhovtsev M.Yu. M.Yu. ,   Limnological Institute Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ulan-Batorskaya Str., 3, Irkutsk, 664033, Russia, Lutskin E.S. E.S. ,   Limnological Institute Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ulan-Batorskaya Str., 3, Irkutsk, 664033, Russia, Potemkin V.L. V.L. ,   Limnological Institute Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ulan-Batorskaya Str., 3, Irkutsk, 664033, Russia
Published: June 2024

As a continuation of regular research to obtain information about mechanisms and sources of air pollution above the water area of Lake Baikal, we present the results of the expeditionary studies on the concentrations of РМ10, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and gaseous elemental mercury in the near-water layer of the atmosphere above Lake Baikal in August 2023. On the route of the vessel along the perimeter of the lake, the concentrations of pollutants in the near-water atmosphere increased near the local sources of air pollution located on the coast of the southern basin (Listvyanka, Slyudyanka and Baikalsk) as well as at the source of the Angara River with the northwesterly transport from the industrial cities of the Baikal region. Over the study period, the РМ10 concentrations averaged 6.0 µg/‌m3, PAHs–1.1 ng/m3, and gaseous elemental mercury–0.75 ng/m3, which was lower than the values recorded during wildfires between 2016 and 2020 in some areas of Siberia. The resulting concentrations of the investigated air components did not exceed air quality standards. Pairwise correlations during the study period were high between РМ10 and PAHs (0.71) and low between PAHs and mercury (0.21).
Augmented Reality for Car Inspection
Authors: Santoso Adhi Setyo 
Published: June 2024

Tiara Whidi, Renaldy Candra, Fransiska Elviana, Viola Sukma, Adhi Setyo Santoso, Remandhia Mulcki, Iman Permana, Ronny Juwono

The development of AR technology has been one of the computer advancement nowadays and one of the implementations is in automotive inspection. The role of car inspection is very important for the safety and emission standard, since it is a crucial step AR-media and BMW already implemented AR for their inspection process and the result is the increasing of the effectiveness of auto repair services by offering step-by-step instruction and tool information. This paper used research and development as the method where this method is to produce specific products and test the effectiveness of these products.This method was chosen to build a product in the form of materials for the inspection process at car manufacturing companies and Augmented Reality devices that use smartphone cameras. The expected result of this project is an increase of the effectiveness and efficiency of the inspection process so the potential human error in the future can be decreased by this project. In conclusion, this paper provides valuable insight of AR implementation on automotive inspection. The study contributes to the advancement of computers and encourages further exploration and optimization of neural network architectures for image classification tasks, leading to more efficient and accurate image classification systems in various real-world applications.

_Keywords: AR, Automotive, Inspection, Effectiveness, Efficiency _
Diachronic cultural-linguistic phraseological research in German and Ukrainian
Authors: Shkolyarenko Vira 
Published: June 2024

The thesis is devoted to the cultural and linguistic study of the formation of German and Ukrainian phraseological units. The paper suggests a new approach to the study of German and Ukrainian phraseology from diachronic aspect of culturology, which consists in identification of national-cultural factors relevant for the formation of phraseological world representation of German and Ukrainian languages. The criteria for establishing the national-cultural specificity of phraseology have been defined. The experience of systematization of phraseological units in diachrony based on a system of images and values of a certain historical period have been described. Historical and genetic analyses of phraseological units have been determined.Phraseological unit in German and Ukrainian is a complex verbal formation. Linguistic and extralinguistic factors play an importanat role in the formation and development of phraseological units. But there are still questions – how are these phraseological units created. Our goal is to study the origin and structure of German and Ukrainian phraseological units. We also aim at enriching idiomatic phraseologisms with the examples of their actual use in current parlance.The article is closely connected with the definition of peculiarities of national-cultural symbols of the speakers of German and Ukrainian languages as one of the most important extralingual fragment of reality. The usage of this approach can give a complete picture of national-cultural peculiarities of phraseological system of German and Ukrainian languages. National-cultural factors relevant for formation of phraseological world representation of German and Ukrainian have been determined. The present work tries to contribute to broadening the scope of investigation and methodology of the previous cultural and linguistic research of German and linguistic phraseology and fill research gaps in this field.
LOCAL WISDOM IN THE STORY OF NENE LUHU: LITERATURE RECEPTIONS OF THE MALUKU COMMUNITY
Authors: Masniati Andi 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis research aims to examine local wisdom in the folk tale of Nene Luhu, which is one of the folk stories from Maluku. This study employs an experimental synchronous reception research with a structural approach to assess respondents' reception of the structure and local values in the Nene Luhu story. The sample consists of productive-aged individuals in Maluku, specifically those aged 18-25, comprising both males and females who have read or heard the Nene Luhu story. The results of the research indicate that the Nene Luhu story vividly portrays values of diversity, tradition, archipelagic wisdom, and the rich and diverse customs of Maluku. The narrative also conveys moral messages emphasizing the importance of trust, justice, loyalty, courage, and environmental care. In conclusion, the Nene Luhu story is not merely a narrative but also a reflection of noble values and wisdom inherent in Maluku cultureKeywords: Nene Luhu, values, local, wisdom, diversity
PENGEMBANGAN MATERI ISTIMA’ TERHADAP PEMBELAJARAN BAHASA ARAB BERBASIS MEDIA ONLINE PADA MAHASISWA PBA SEMESTER 1 IAIN AMBON
Authors: Nirmala Nirmala , Fitriah Fitriah , Rais.TM Ahmad , S Hasfikin 
Published: June 2024

Menyimak adalah langkah awal dalam proses penerimaan informasi bahasa. Melalui mendengarkan, seseorang mulai mengenali suara-suara, kata-kata, dan kalimat dalam bahasa tertentu. maharah istima' (keterampilan menyimak) namun, kurang mendapatkan perhatian yang memadai dalam pembelajaran bahasa Arab, itu dapat menjadi hambatan dalam pengembangan kemampuan berbahasa secara menyeluruh. Maka dari itu hadirnya media online dalam mengembangkan Materi Istima’ Terhadap Pembelajaran Bahasa Arab Berbasis Media Online Pada Mahasiswa PBA Semester 1 IAIN Ambon. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif subjek penelitian dengan teknik pengumpulan data secara observasi terdapat 15 orang peserta didik sedangkan untuk subjek penelitan dengan teknik pengumpulan data secara wawancara terdapat 10 peserta, Teknik analisis data menggunakan Reduksi data, Penyajian data dan Verifikasi. Ditemukan hadirnya media online dapat memberikan dukungan dalam pemahaman materi istima, fleksibilitas pembelajaran, efektivitas media online dalam pembelajaran dan daya tarik media online dalam memahami materi istima’ lebih komprehensif karna memberikan kemudahan dalam mengakses materi.
Endothelial-derived microvesicles promote pro-migratory cross-talk with smooth muscle cells by a mechanism requiring tissue factor and PAR2 activation
Authors: Featherby Sophie J. , Ettelaie Camille 
Published: June 2024

IntroductionMicrovesicles (MV) released by endothelial cells (EC) following injury or inflammation contain tissue factor (TF) and mediate communication with the underlying smooth muscle cells (SMC). Ser253-phosphorylated TF co-localizes with filamin A at the leading edge of migrating SMC. In this study, the influence of endothelial-derived TF-MV, on human coronary artery SMC (HCASMC) migration was examined.Methods and ResultsMV derived from human coronary artery EC (HCAEC) expressing TFWt accelerated HCASMC migration, but was lower with cytoplasmic domain-deleted TF. Furthermore, incubation with TFAsp253-MV, or expression of TFAsp253 in HCASMC, reduced cell migration. Blocking TF-factor VIIa (TF-fVIIa) procoagulant/protease activity, or inhibiting PAR2 signaling on HCASMC, abolished the accelerated migration. Incubation with fVIIa alone increased HCASMC migration, but was significantly enhanced on supplementation with TF. Neither recombinant TF alone, factor Xa, nor PAR2-activating peptide (SLIGKV) influenced cell migration. In other experiments, HCASMC were transfected with peptides corresponding to the cytoplasmic domain of TF prior to stimulation with TF-fVIIa. Cell migration was suppressed only when the peptides were phosphorylated at position of Ser253. Expression of mutant forms of filamin A in HCASMC indicated that the enhancement of migration by TF but not by PDGF-BB, was dependent on the presence of repeat-24 within filamin A. Incubation of HCASMC with TFWt-MV significantly reduced the levels of Smoothelin-B protein, and upregulated FAK expression.DiscussionIn conclusion, Ser253-phosphorylated TF and fVIIa released as MV-cargo by EC, act in conjunction with PAR2 on SMC to promote migration and may be crucial for normal arterial homeostasis as well as, during development of vascular disease.
Disruptive effects of plasticizers bisphenol A, F, and S on steroidogenesis of adrenocortical cells
Authors: Pötzl Benedikt , Kürzinger Lydia , Kendl Sabine , Stopper Helga , Kurlbaum Max , Fassnacht Martin , Dischinger Ulrich 
Published: June 2024

IntroductionEndocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) are known to interfere with endocrine homeostasis. Their impact on the adrenal cortex and steroidogenesis has not yet been sufficiently elucidated. This applies in particular to the ubiquitously available bisphenols A (BPA), F (BPF), and S (BPS).MethodsNCI-H295R adrenocortical cells were exposed to different concentrations (1nM-1mM) of BPA, BPF, BPS, and an equimolar mixture of them (BPmix). After 72 hours, 15 endogenous steroids were measured using LC-MS/MS. Ratios of substrate and product of CYP-regulated steps were calculated to identify most influenced steps of steroidogenesis. mRNA expression of steroidogenic enzymes was determined by real-time PCR.ResultsCell viability remained unaffected at bisphenol concentrations lower than 250 µM. All tested bisphenols and their combination led to extensive alterations in the quantified steroid levels. The most profound fold changes (FC) in steroid concentrations after exposure to BPA (&gt;10µM) were seen for androstenedione, e.g. a 0.37±0.11-fold decrease at 25µM (p≤0.0001) compared to vehicle-treated controls. For BPF, levels of 17-hydroxyprogesterone were significantly increased by 25µM (FC 2.57±0.49, p≤0.001) and 50µM (FC 2.65±0.61, p≤0.0001). BPS treatment led to a dose-dependent decrease of 11-deoxycorticosterone at &gt;1µM (e.g. FC 0.24±0.14, p≤0.0001 at 10µM). However, when combining all three bisphenols, additive effects were detected: e.g. 11-deoxycortisosterone was decreased at doses &gt;10µM (FC 0.27±0.04, p≤0.0001, at 25µM), whereas 21-deoxycortisol was increased by 2.92±0.20 (p≤0.01) at 10µM, and by 3.21±0.45 (p≤0.001) at 50µM. While every measured androgen (DHEA, DHEAS, androstenedione, testosterone, DHT) was lowered in all experiments, estradiol levels were significantly increased by BPA, BPF, BPS, and BPmix (e.g. FC 3.60±0.54, p≤0.0001 at 100µM BPF). Calculated substrate-product ratios indicated an inhibition of CYP17A1-, and CYP21A2 mediated conversions, whereas CYP11B1 and CYP19A1 showed higher activity in the presence of bisphenols. Based on these findings, most relevant mRNA expression of CYP genes were analysed. mRNA levels of StAR, CYP11B1, and CYP17A1 were significantly increased by BPF, BPS, and BPmix.DiscussionIn cell culture, bisphenols interfere with steroidogenesis at non-cytotoxic levels, leading to compound-specific patterns of significantly altered hormone levels. These results justify and call for additional in-vivo studies to evaluate effects of EDCs on adrenal gland functionality.
The association of platelet to white blood cell ratio with diabetes: a nationwide survey in China
Authors: Liu Fanglin , Wang Tianhong , Wang Siman , Zhao Xiumei , Hua Yusi 
Published: June 2024

BackgroundInflammation is integral to diabetes pathogenesis. The novel hematological inflammatory biomarker, platelet to white blood cell ratio (PWR), is linked with various conditions such as chronic kidney disease and stroke. However, the association of this novel clinical indicator with diabetes still remains unclear, which is investigated in this study.Materials and MethodsA total of 10,973 Chinese participants were included and grouped according to the tertiles of PWR (T1, T2, and T3 groups). Diagnosis of prediabetes and diabetes adhered to American Diabetes Association criteria. Binary logistic regression was adopted to assess the relationship between PWR and both diabetes and prediabetes. The dose-response relationship of PWR and diabetes was examined using restricted cubic spline regression. Subgroup and interaction analyses were conducted to investigate potential covariate interactions.ResultsIndividuals with higher PWR had better lifestyles and lipid profiles (all P &lt; 0.05). After adjusting for all the covariates, the T2 group had a 0.83-fold (95% CI: 0.73–0.93, P &lt; 0.01) risk of diabetes and that for the T3 group was 0.68-fold (95% CI: 0.60–0.78. P &lt; 0.001). Dose-response analysis identified non-linear PWR-diabetes associations in the general population and females (both P &lt; 0.05), but absent in males. Participants with prediabetes in the T2 and T3 groups had lower risks of diabetes (OR = 0.80 for the T2 group, P &lt; 0.001 and 0.68 for the T3 group, P &lt; 0.001) in the full models. All the sensitivity analysis support consistent conclusions.ConclusionsAn increase in PWR significantly correlates with reduced diabetes risks. A non-linear PWR-diabetes relationship exists in the general population and females, but not in males. The correlation between PWR and diabetes indicates that PWR holds potentials in early identification and prevention of diabetes.
Pine weevil (Hylobius abietis) preferences among species of conifer seedlings planted on clear-cuts in central Europe
Authors: Dvořáková Barbora , Holuša Jaroslav , Horák Jakub , Hradecký Jaromír , Bledý Michal , Zelenka Martin 
Published: June 2024

IntroductionAs a result of climate change and bark beetle outbreaks in forests, extensive salvage, and sanitary cutting have been undertaken in Europe, resulting in many clear-cuts with coarse stumps. The populations of pine weevils (Hylobius abietis and Hylobius pinastri) are steadily increasing. A high abundance of pine weevils feeding on seedlings typically results in significant economic losses and prolongs the forest establishment period. However, information on these species spatial distribution and habitat selection patterns, necessary for assessing their harmfulness and subsequently accurately estimating their threat to reforested areas, is lacking. To determine which factors influence spatial selection patterns and seedling type preference, this study investigated which clear-cut factors increase pine weevil abundance and which seedling types (species and age) are the most preferred.MethodsThe experiment was carried out on 20 clear-cuts in the central Czech Republic. We evaluated soil moisture level, average stump distance and diameter, proportion of other conifers, and whether the stumps were mulched. We detected the abundance of pine weevils using pitfall traps. We determined the feeding scar intensity on the first 10 cm of seedling stems on commonly used seedlings for reforestation in central Europe: 1-year-old Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris), European larch (Larix decidua), and 3-year-old Norway spruce (Picea abies), with 1,200 seedlings in total. The individual seedling types alternated in rows. The results were evaluated using generalized linear mixed-effect models (GLMMs). As dependent variables we used total numbers of H. abietis and H. pinastri. The soil moisture level, mulching, proportion of other conifers, average stump diameter, and distance were considered independent variables.ResultsWe found that Norway spruce was the least attractive to pine weevils. We found a higher abundance of H. abietis females in moist clear-cuts, confirming that dry clear-cuts are less suitable for oviposition.ConclusionAccording to our findings, if foresters want to plant coniferous seedlings, it seems that planting older spruce is a better option than planting larch and pine. These findings provide valuable insights for forest management and reforestation strategies, equipping foresters with the knowledge to mitigate the threat of pine weevils and ensure successful forest establishment.
The causal relationship between rheumatoid arthritis and bronchiectasis: a bidirectional Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Li Yuanyuan , Wang Weina , Zhou Dengfeng , Li Lili 
Published: June 2024

BackgroundSeveral observational studies suggested an association between rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and bronchiectasis. Nevertheless, the presence of a causal relationship between these conditions is yet to be determined. This study aimed to investigate whether genetically predicted RA is associated with the risk of bronchiectasis and vice versa.MethodsWe obtained RA genome-wide association study (GWAS) data from FinnGen consortium, and bronchiectasis GWAS data from IEU Open GWAS project. Univariate Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was performed using inverse variance weighted (IVW) estimation as the main method. Furthermore, bidirectional and replication MR analysis, multivariate MR (MVMR), Mediation analysis, and sensitivity analyses were conducted to validate the findings.ResultsIn the UVMR analysis, the IVW results revealed that RA had an increased risk of bronchiectasis (OR = 1.18, 95% CI = 1.10–1.27; p = 2.34 × 10−6). In the reverse MR analysis, no evidence of a causal effect of bronchiectasis on the risk of RA was detected. Conversely, in the replication MR analysis, RA remained associated with an increased risk of bronchiectasis. Estimates remained consistent in MVMR analyses after adjusting for the prescription of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and glucocorticoids. Immunosuppressants were found to mediate 58% of the effect of the RA on bronchiectasis. Sensitivity analyses confirmed the stability of these associations.ConclusionThis study demonstrated a positive causal relationship between RA and an increased risk of bronchiectasis, offering insights for the early prevention of bronchiectasis in RA patients and shedding new light on the potential role of immunosuppressants as mediators in promoting the effects of RA on bronchiectasis.