bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Incomplete avulsion of the proximal insertion of the hamstring
Authors: Aldridge S. E. , Heilpern G. N. A. , Carmichael J. R. , Sprowson A. P. , Wood D. G. 
Published: April 2012

Incomplete avulsion of the proximal hamstrings can be a severely debilitating injury that causes weakness, pain while sitting and inability to run. The results of the surgical treatment of 23 consecutive patients with such injuries at least two years after surgery are described. The surgery consisted of the repair of the hamstrings directly onto the ischial tuberosity. At review, using a visual analogue scale (VAS, 0 to 100), pain while sitting improved from a mean of 40 (0 to 100) to 64 (0 to 100) (p = 0.024), weakness from a mean of 39 (0 to 90) to 76 (7 to 100) (p = 0.0001) and the ability to run from a mean of 24 (0 to 88) to 64 (0 to 95) (p = 0.0001). According to a VAS, satisfaction was rated at a mean of 81 (0 to 100) and 20 patients (87%) would have the same procedure again. Hamstring strength measured pre- and post-operatively had improved significantly from a mean of 64% (0% to 95%) to 88% (50% to 114%) compared with the normal side.Most of these patients with symptomatic incomplete hamstring avulsions unresponsive to conservative treatment had an improved outcome after surgical repair.
Fungal peri-prosthetic joint infection after primary total knee replacement
Authors: Hwang B-H. , Yoon J-Y. , Nam C-H. , Jung K-A. , Lee S-C. , Han C-D. , Moon S-H. 
Published: April 2012

We retrospectively reviewed 30 two-stage revision procedures in 28 patients performed for fungal peri-prosthetic joint infection (PJI) after a primary total knee replacement. Patients were followed for at least two years or until the infection recurred. The mean follow-up for patients who remained free of infection was 4.3 years (2.3 to 6.1). Overall, 17 patients were assessed as American Society of Anesthesiologists grade 3 or 4. The surgical protocol included removal of the infected implant, vigorous debridement and insertion of an articulating cement spacer. This was followed by at least six weeks of antimicrobial treatment and delayed reimplantation in all patients. The mean interval between removal of the prosthesis and reimplantation was 9.5 weeks (6 to 24). After reimplantation, patients took antifungal agents orally for a maximum of six months. Two knees became reinfected at one and two months post-operatively, respectively: one of these subsequently required arthrodesis because of uncontrolled infection.Fungal PJIs can be treated successfully by removal of all infected material, appropriate antimicrobial treatment and delayed reimplantation.
Increasing stability by pre-bending the nails in elastic stable intramedullary nailing
Authors: Kaiser M. M. , Zachert G. , Wendlandt R. , Eggert R. , Stratmann C. , Gros N. , Schulze-Hessing M. , Rapp M. 
Published: April 2012

Elastic stable intramedullary nailing (ESIN) is generally acknowledged to be the treatment of choice for displaced diaphyseal femoral fractures in children over the age of three years, although complication rates of up to 50% are described. Pre-bending the nails is recommended, but there are no published data to support this. Using synthetic bones and a standardised simulated fracture, we performed biomechanical testing to determine the influence on the stability of the fracture of pre-bending the nails before implantation. Standard ESIN was performed on 24 synthetic femoral models with a spiral fracture. In eight cases the nails were inserted without any pre-bending, in a further eight cases they were pre-bent to 30° and in the last group of eight cases they were pre-bent to 60°. Mechanical testing revealed that pre-bending to 60° produced a significant increase in the stiffness or stability of the fracture. Pre-bending to 60° showed a significant positive influence on the stiffness compared with unbent nails. Pre-bending to 30° improved stiffness only slightly. These findings validate the recommendations for pre-bending, but the degree of pre-bend should exceed 30°. Adopting higher degrees of pre-bending should improve stability in spiral fractures and reduce the complications of varus deformity and shortening.
Scoliosis in patients with Friedreich’s ataxia
Authors: Tsirikos A. I. , Smith G. 
Published: April 2012

We reviewed 31 consecutive patients with Friedreich’s ataxia and scoliosis. There were 24 males and seven females with a mean age at presentation of 15.5 years (8.6 to 30.8) and a mean curve of 51° (13° to 140°). A total of 12 patients had thoracic curvatures, 11 had thoracolumbar and eight had double thoracic/lumbar. Two patients had long thoracolumbar collapsing scoliosis with pelvic obliquity and four had hyperkyphosis. Left-sided thoracic curves in nine patients (45%) and increased thoracic kyphosis differentiated these deformities from adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. There were 17 patients who underwent a posterior instrumented spinal fusion at mean age of 13.35 years, which achieved and maintained good correction of the deformity. Post-operative complications included one death due to cardiorespiratory failure, one revision to address nonunion and four patients with proximal junctional kyphosis who did not need extension of the fusion. There were no neurological complications and no wound infections. The rate of progression of the scoliosis in children kept under simple observation and those treated with bracing was less for lumbar curves during bracing and similar for thoracic curves. The scoliosis progressed in seven of nine children initially treated with a brace who later required surgery. Two patients presented after skeletal maturity with balanced curves not requiring correction. Three patients with severe deformities who would benefit from corrective surgery had significant cardiac co-morbidities.
A randomised pilot trial of “locking plate” fixation versus intramedullary nailing for extra-articular fractures of the distal tibia
Authors: Mauffrey C. , McGuinness K. , Parsons N. , Achten J. , Costa M. L. 
Published: April 2012

The ideal form of fixation for displaced, extra-articular fractures of the distal tibia remains controversial. In the UK, open reduction and internal fixation with locking-plates and intramedullary nailing are the two most common forms of treatment. Both techniques provide reliable fixation but both are associated with specific complications. There is little information regarding the functional recovery following either procedure. We performed a randomised pilot trial to determine the functional outcome of 24 adult patients treated with either a locking-plate (n = 12) or an intramedullary nailing (n = 12). At six months, there was an adjusted difference of 13 points in the Disability Rating Index in favour of the intramedullary nail. However, this was not statistically significant in this pilot trial (p = 0.498). A total of seven patients required further surgery in the locking-plate group and one in the intramedullary nail group. This study suggests that there may be clinically relevant, functional differences in patients treated with nail versus locking-plate fixation for fractures of the distal tibia and differences in related complications. Further trials are required to confirm the findings of this pilot investigation.
Haematogenous acute and subacute paediatric osteomyelitis
Authors: Dartnell J. , Ramachandran M. , Katchburian M. 
Published: April 2012

A delay in the diagnosis of paediatric acute and subacute haematogenous osteomyelitis can lead to potentially devastating morbidity. There are no definitive guidelines for diagnosis, and recommendations in the literature are generally based on expert opinions, case series and cohort studies.All articles in the English literature on paediatric osteomyelitis were searched using MEDLINE, CINAHL, EMBASE, Google Scholar, the Cochrane Library and reference lists. A total of 1854 papers were identified, 132 of which were examined in detail. All aspects of osteomyelitis were investigated in order to formulate recommendations.On admission 40% of children are afebrile. The tibia and femur are the most commonly affected long bones. Clinical examination, blood and radiological tests are only reliable for diagnosis in combination. Staphylococcus aureus is the most common organism detected, but isolation of Kingella kingae is increasing. Antibiotic treatment is usually sufficient to eradicate the infection, with a short course intravenously and early conversion to oral treatment. Surgery is indicated only in specific situations.Most studies were retrospective and there is a need for large, multicentre, randomised, controlled trials to define protocols for diagnosis and treatment. Meanwhile, evidence-based algorithms are suggested for accurate and early diagnosis and effective treatment.
Surgical treatment of Sprengel’s shoulder
Authors: Di Gennaro G. L. , Fosco M. , Spina M. , Donzelli O. 
Published: April 2012

The outcome of 56 children (61 shoulders) treated surgically at the Rizzoli Institute between April 1975 and June 2010 for congenital elevation of the scapula is reported. There were 31 girls and 25 boys with a mean age at surgery of 6.4 years (2 to 15). The deformity involved the right shoulder in 20 cases, the left in 31 and was bilateral in five. The degree of the deformity was graded clinically and radiologically according to the classifications of Cavendish and Rigault, respectively. All patients underwent a modified Green procedure combined, in selected cases, with resection of the superomedial portion of the scapula and excision of any omovertebral connection. After a mean follow-up of 10.9 years (1 to 29.3), there was cosmetic improvement by at least one Cavendish grade in 54 shoulders (88.5%). The mean abduction of the shoulder improved from 92° (50° to 155°) to 112° (90° to 170°) and the mean flexion improved from 121° (80° to 160°) to 155° (120° to 175°). The unsatisfactory cosmetic result in seven shoulders was due to coexistent scoliosis in two cases and insufficient reduction of the scapular elevation in the other five. An incomplete upper brachial plexus palsy occurred post-operatively in three patients but resolved within seven months. We suggest that a modified Green procedure combined with resection of the superomedial portion of the scapula provides good cosmetic and functional results in patients with Sprengel’s shoulder.
Imagelessversusimage-based registration in navigated arthroscopy of the hip
Authors: Audenaert E. , Smet B. , Pattyn C. , Khanduja V. 
Published: April 2012

The aim of this study was to determine the accuracy of registration and the precision of the resection volume in navigated hip arthroscopy for cam-type femoroacetabular impingement, using imageless and image-based registration. A virtual cam lesion was defined in 12 paired cadaver hips and randomly assigned to either imageless or image-based (three-dimensional (3D) fluoroscopy) navigated arthroscopic head–neck osteochondroplasty. The accuracy of patient–image registration for both protocols was evaluated and post-operative imaging was performed to evaluate the accuracy of the surgical resection. We found that the estimated accuracy of imageless registration in the arthroscopic setting was poor, with a mean error of 5.6 mm (standard deviation (sd) 4.08; 95% confidence interval (CI) 4.14 to 7.19). Because of the significant mismatch between the actual position of the probe during surgery and the position of that probe as displayed on the navigation platform screen, navigated femoral osteochondroplasty was physically impossible. The estimated accuracy of image-based registration by means of 3D fluoroscopy had a mean error of 0.8 mm (sd 0.51; 95% CI 0.56 to 0.94). In terms of the volume of bony resection, a mean of 17% (sd 11; -6% to 28%) more bone was resected than with the virtual plan (p = 0.02). The resection was a mean of 1 mm deeper (sd 0.7; -0.3 to 1.6) larger than on the original virtual plan (p = 0.02).In conclusion, given the limited femoral surface that can be reached and digitised during arthroscopy of the hip, imageless registration is inaccurate and does not allow for reliable surgical navigation. However, image-based registration does acceptably allow for guided femoral osteochondroplasty in the arthroscopic management of femoroacetabular impingement.
The outcome at 15 years of endoscopic anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction using hamstring tendon autograft for ‘isolated’ anterior cruciate ligament rupture
Authors: Bourke H. E. , Gordon D. J. , Salmon L. J. , Waller A. , Linklater J. , Pinczewski L. A. 
Published: April 2012

The purpose of this study was to report the outcome of ‘isolated’ anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) ruptures treated with anatomical endoscopic reconstruction using hamstring tendon autograft at a mean of 15 years (14.25 to 16.9). A total of 100 consecutive men and 100 consecutive women with ‘isolated’ ACL rupture underwent four-strand hamstring tendon reconstruction with anteromedial portal femoral tunnel drilling and interference screw fixation by a single surgeon. Details were recorded pre-operatively and at one, two, seven and 15 years post-operatively. Outcomes included clinical examination, subjective and objective scoring systems, and radiological assessment. At 15 years only eight of 118 patients (7%) had moderate or severe osteo-arthritic changes (International Knee Documentation Committee Grades C and D), and 79 of 152 patients (52%) still performed very strenuous activities. Overall graft survival at 15 years was 83% (1.1% failure per year). Patients aged < 18 years at the time of surgery and patients with > 2 mm of laxity at one year had a threefold increase in the risk of suffering a rupture of the graft (p = 0.002 and p = 0.001, respectively). There was no increase in laxity of the graft over time.ACL reconstructive surgery in patients with an ‘isolated’ rupture using this technique shows good results 15 years post-operatively with respect to ligamentous stability, objective and subjective outcomes, and does not appear to cause osteoarthritis.
Pressurisation leads to better cement penetration into the glenoid bone
Authors: Raiss P. , Sowa B. , Bruckner T. , Eck S. , Woerz S. , Rohr K. , Rickert M. , Kasten P. 
Published: April 2012

The aim of this study was to compare a third-generation cementing procedure for glenoid components with a new technique for cement pressurisation. In 20 pairs of scapulae, 20 keeled and 20 pegged glenoid components were implanted using either a third-generation cementing technique (group 1) or a new pressuriser (group 2). Cement penetration was measured by three-dimensional (3D) analysis of micro-CT scans. The mean 3D depth of penetration of the cement was significantly greater in group 2 (p < 0.001). The mean thickness of the cement mantle for keeled glenoids was 2.50 mm (2.0 to 3.3) in group 1 and 5.18 mm (4.4 to 6.1) in group 2, and for pegged glenoids it was 1.72 mm (0.9 to 2.3) in group 1 and 5.63 mm (3.6 to 6.4) in group 2. A cement mantle < 2 mm was detected less frequently in group 2 (p < 0.001). Using the cement pressuriser the proportion of cement mantles < 2 mm was significantly reduced compared with the third-generation cementing technique.
BOOK REVIEWS
Authors: Cerdán Josetxo , Domingo David , Espluga Josep , Green Stuart , Corchete Sira Hernández , Niculaes Diana , Orozco Lourdes , Esteve Laia Quílez , Risquete Jaume 
Published: April 2012

EXPLORATIONS IN NEW CINEMA HISTORY. APPROACHES AND CASESTUDIES, RICHARD MALTBY, DANIEL BILTEREYST AND PHILIPPE MEERS (EDS) (2011) West Sussex: Wiley-Blackwell, 352 pp., ISBN: 978-1-4051-9949-0, h/bk, €66; ISBN: 978-1-4051-9950-6, p/bk, €26.40
CIBERCAMPAÑA: CAUCES
Y DIQUES PARA LA PARTICIPACIÓN. LAS ELECCIONES GENERALES DE2008 Y SU PROYECCIÓN TECNOPOLÍTICA, VÍCTORF. SAMPEDRO BLANCO (COORD.) (2011) Madrid: Editorial Complutense, 330 pp., ISBN: 978-84-9938-094-0, p/bk, €15; e-book, €10
TEORÍA DE LA COMUNICACIÓN
DERIESGO, JUAN LUIS GONZALO IGLESIA AND JORDI FARRÉ COMA (2011) Barcelona: UOC, 194 pp., ISBN 978-84-9788-445-7, p/bk, €20
DEL SAINETE AL ESPERPENTO: RELECTURAS DEL CINEESPAÑOL DE LOS AÑOS 50, JOSÉ LUIS CASTRO DE PAZ AND JOSETXO CERDÁN (2011) Madrid:
Cátedra, 222 pp., ISBN: 978-84-376-2745-8, p/bk, €12.50
LA MIRADA TELEVISIVA. FICCIÓN Y REPRESENTACIÓN HISTÓRICA EN ESPAÑA, JOSÉ CARLOS RUEDA LAFFOND AND CARLOTA CORONADO RUIZ (2009) Madrid: Fragua, 363 pp., ISBN 978-84-7074-322-1, p/bk, €26
MEDIA
AND PARTICIPATION. A SITE OF IDEOLOGICAL DE MOCRATIC STRUGGLE, NICO CARPE NTIER (2011) Bristol: Intellect, 405 pp., ISBN 978-1-84150-407-0, p/bk, £19.95/$40
SERGI BELBEL AND CATALAN THEATRE: TEXT, PERFORMANCE AND IDENTITY, DAVID GEORGE (2010) London: Tamesis, 220 pp., ISBN
978-1-85566-220-9, h/bk, £50
DIRECTORY OF WORLD CINEMA: SPAIN, LORENZO J. TORRES HORTELANO (ED.) (2011) Chicago and Bristol: Intellect, 287 pp., ISBN 978-1-84150-463-6, p/bk, £15.95/$25
COMUNICACIÓ I ESTRATÈGIA. L’EMPRESA VISTA A TRAVÉS DE
LES ULLERES DE LA COMUNICACIÓ, JAUME MORATÓ (2011) Barcelona: Ediuoc, 210 pp., ISBN: 978-84-9788-397-9, p/bk, €20.00
Solid state PbS Quantum dots /TiO2 Nanoparticles heterojunction solar cell
Authors: Etgar Lioz , Grätzel Michael 
Published: April 2012

ABSTRACTSolid state PbS Quantum Dots (QDs)/TiO2 Nanoparticles heterojunction solar cells were produced by depositing PbS QDs on a 500nm thick Mesoscopic TiO2 films using layer-by-layer deposition. The heterojunction solar cells show photovoltaic response from the visible to the near infra-red region. Importantly, the PbS QDs act here as photosensitizers and at the same time as hole conductors. The PbS QDs/TiO2 device produces a remarkable short circuit photocurrent (Jsc) of 16.3 mA/cm2, an open circuit photovoltage (Voc) of 0.54 V and a fill factor (FF) of 0.41, corresponding to a light to electric power conversion efficiency (η) of 4.04% under 0.9 sun intensity.
MD simulations of near surface void in copper under thermal compression
Authors: Pohjonen Aarne S. , Djurabekova Flyura , Kuronen Antti 
Published: April 2012

ABSTRACTDislocation mediated mechanism of surface deformation due to localized stress and strain concentration near a void could give an explanation of field enhancement in conditions relevant to the design of rf accelerating structures of the Compact Linear Collider (CLIC). We have performed molecular dynamics simulations of a near surface void in copper under thermal stressing conditions. The von Mises strain was observed to be concentrated near the void surface with the maximum strain concentration factor of 1.9. To observe the activated slip-planes, we exaggerated the compressive stress to the extent that the dislocations were nucleated on the void surface at sites where von Mises strain was largest. Void depth and size were found to affect the dislocation nucleation. The nucleation was easier for larger voids and for voids which were closer to the surface.
Alveolar Ridge Augmentation With Allograft Stem Cell–Based Matrix and Titanium Mesh
Authors: McAllister Bradley S. , Eshraghi V. Thomas 
Published: April 2012

Introduction: When bone surrounding a proposed implant site is deficient in both a vertical and horizontal dimension, bone augmentation procedures using titanium mesh can be used. Although there are multiple reports of titanium mesh use with a variety of graft materials, to our knowledge, this presentation is the first to show use of a stem cell–based titanium mesh augmentation.Case Presentation: After the removal of a failing maxillary subperiosteal implant, significant atrophy of the maxillary alveolus was evident. After bilateral sinus augmentation with an allograft‐derived stem cell–based matrix (cellular allograft), four posterior implants were placed. In preparation for future anterior maxillary ridge augmentation, an interim denture supported by the posterior implants and O‐ring attachments was fabricated. The anterior titanium mesh‐supported cellular allograft was placed and allowed to heal for 4 months, followed by placement of four additional implants. After 4 months of integration, the patient was restored with a locking milled bar denture.Conclusion: The use of a cellular allograft with titanium mesh for stabilization can result in significant horizontal and vertical augmentation for implant reconstruction.
Effect of Recombinant Human Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 Associated With a Variety of Bone Substitutes on Vertical Guided Bone Regeneration in Rabbit Calvarium
Authors: Polo Cristiane Ibanhes , Lima Júlio Leonardo Oliveira , De Lucca Leandro , Piacezzi Christiano Borges , Naclério‐Homem Maria da Graça , Arana‐Chavez Victor Elias , Sendyk Wilson Roberto 
Published: April 2012

Background: A major challenge for dental implantology is to consistently obtain appropriate bone augmentation before implant placement. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein 2 (rhBMP‐2) associated with bone substitute materials beta‐tricalcium phosphate (β‐TCP), biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP), and bovine bone mineral on vertical guided bone regeneration (GBR) in rabbit calvarium.Methods: Four titanium cylinders were fixed to the calvarium of 22 rabbits. In group 1 (n = 10), three cylinders were randomly filled with one of the test materials, and one cylinder was filled with a blood clot (CL). In group 2 (n = 12), the cylinders were randomly assigned to the same materials and CL but with the addition of rhBMP‐2. Bone labels were injected over the course of 13 weeks, and euthanasia was performed 14 weeks after surgery in both groups.Results: The mean volume and area of tissue growth was greater in group 2 (with rhBMP‐2) than in group 1 (without rhBMP‐2), irrespective of the material used (P <0.001). The mean volume of tissue growth in the CL cylinder was smaller than that observed with all other materials (P <0.001) in both groups. The mean area of regenerated bone in the CL cylinder was smaller than that observed in the β‐TCP cylinder (P = 0.028). The histologic study revealed more lamellar bone in the rhBMP‐2 group, with a greater level of biodegradation of all the bone substitute materials tested.Conclusion: The use of rhBMP‐2/absorbable collagen sponge (ACS) combined with all of the bone substitute materials tested resulted in a greater amount of bone formation than that produced with the bone substitute materials alone or rhBMP‐2/(ACS) and CL using the rabbit calvarium GBR model.