bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Human skeletal muscle biochemical diversity
Authors: Tirrell Timothy F. , Cook Mark S. , Carr J. Austin , Lin Evie , Ward Samuel R. , Lieber Richard L. 
Published: July 2012

SUMMARY
The molecular components largely responsible for muscle attributes such as passive tension development (titin and collagen), active tension development (myosin heavy chain, MHC) and mechanosensitive signaling (titin) have been well studied in animals but less is known about their roles in humans. The purpose of this study was to perform a comprehensive analysis of titin, collagen and MHC isoform distributions in a large number of human muscles, to search for common themes and trends in the muscular organization of the human body. In this study, 599 biopsies were obtained from six human cadaveric donors (mean age 83 years). Three assays were performed on each biopsy – titin molecular mass determination, hydroxyproline content (a surrogate for collagen content) and MHC isoform distribution. Titin molecular mass was increased in more distal muscles of the upper and lower limbs. This trend was also observed for collagen. Percentage MHC-1 data followed a pattern similar to collagen in muscles of the upper extremity but this trend was reversed in the lower extremity. Titin molecular mass was the best predictor of anatomical region and muscle functional group. On average, human muscles had more slow myosin than other mammals. Also, larger titins were generally associated with faster muscles. These trends suggest that distal muscles should have higher passive tension than proximal ones, and that titin size variability may potentially act to ‘tune’ the protein's mechanotransduction capability.
Pulpal and Periapical Response After Restoration of Deep Cavities in Dogs' Teeth With Filtek Silorane and Filtek Supreme XT Systems
Authors: Ruiz-de-Castañeda E , Gatón-Hernández P , Rodriguez EG , Silva RAB , Nelson-Filho P , Silva LAB 
Published: July 2012

SUMMARY

Objective:
This study evaluated, histopathologically, the pulpal and periapical response to a silorane-based resin (Filtek Silorane) and a methacrylate-based nanoparticle resin (Filtek Supreme XT) in deep cavities in dogs, having zinc oxide and eugenol-based cement (ZOE) as a control.

Methods:
The tooth/bone blocks were collected after 10 and 90 days and processed for microscopic analysis of the dentin, pulp, and periapical tissues using a score system. Data were analyzed statistically by Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn post-test (α=0.05).

Results:
At 10 days, the pulp, connective tissue, and periodontal ligament showed normal characteristics. No resorption areas were observed. Both resins caused significantly less (p&lt;0.05) periapical and pulpal inflammatory response than ZOE. At 90 days, for all materials, the connective pulp tissue was healthy and dense, with a normal blood vessel system. The apical and periapical region had normal structure and thickness.

Conclusions:
The use of the Filtek Silorane and the Filtek Supreme XT resins caused no adverse pulpal and periapical reactions after restoration of deep dentin cavities in vivo.
The Relationship of Hydrogen Peroxide Exposure Protocol to Bleaching Efficacy
Authors: Kwon SR , Wertz PW , Dawson DV , Cobb DS , Denehy G 
Published: July 2012

SUMMARY
The purpose of this study was to compare two in-office bleaching methods with respect to tooth color change and level of hydrogen peroxide penetration into the pulp cavity and to evaluate relationships between penetration level and color change. Eighty extracted canines were exposed to two different bleaching regimens (conventional vs sealed bleaching technique). After exposure to 38% hydrogen peroxide gel for one hour, hydrogen peroxide amount was estimated spectrophotometrically. Color change was measured per Commission Internationale de l'Eclairage methodology. Linear regression was used to evaluate factors affecting color change, including bleaching technique. The conventional and sealed bleaching groups showed no difference for any color change parameters (ΔL, Δa, Δb, ΔE); however, there was significantly greater hydrogen peroxide penetration in the conventional bleaching group (p&lt;0.05). Linear modeling of the change in lightness (ΔL) showed that the increase in lightness tended to be greater for teeth with lower initial L* values (r=−0.32, p&lt;0.05). After adjustment for initial L*, there was no evidence that ΔL differed with hydrogen peroxide penetration levels (p&gt;0.05) or bleaching technique (mean group difference in ΔL=0.36; p&gt;0.05).
Efficacy of Mouth Rinses and Toothpaste on Tooth Whitening
Authors: Torres CRG , Perote LCCC , Gutierrez NC , Pucci CR , Borges AB 
Published: July 2012

SUMMARY

Objectives
People increasingly desire tooth whitening. Considering the wide range of whitening products on the market, this study evaluated the efficacy of whitening toothpastes and mouth rinses compared with the 10% carbamide peroxide (CP) whitening gel.

Methods
We obtained 120 cylindrical specimens from bovine teeth, which were darkened for 24 hours in a coffee solution. The color measurement was performed by a spectrophotometer using the CIE L*a*b* system, and specimens were divided into six groups according to the use of the following agents: group 1, conventional fluoridated toothpaste; group 2, Close Up White Now; group 3, Listerine Whitening; group 4, Colgate Plax Whitening; group 5, experimental mouth rinse with Plasdone; and group 6, 10% CP Whiteness Perfect. After the simulation of 12 weeks of treatment for groups 1 to 5 and 14 days of treatment for group 6, the specimens were subjected to a new color reading.

Results
Data were subjected to one-way analysis of variance (α=0.05), which showed significant differences among groups after 12 weeks for ΔE (p=0.001). Results of the Tukey test revealed that groups 3, 4, and 6 presented significantly higher color alteration than groups 1, 2, and 5.

Conclusions
The whitening toothpaste Close Up White Now and the experimental mouth rinse with Plasdone showed similar color alteration as conventional toothpaste after a 12-week treatment simulation. These groups presented significantly lower color alteration compared with whitening mouth rinses Listerine and Colgate Plax Whitening, which showed similar results to those observed after 14 days of bleaching with 10% CP treatment.
Effect of Bur Roughness on Bond to Sclerotic Dentin With Self-etch Adhesive Systems
Authors: Luque-Martinez IV , Mena-Serrano A , Muñoz MA , Hass V , Reis A , Loguercio AD 
Published: July 2012

ABSTRACT

Purpose:
To evaluate the effect of bur roughness on bond strength values and conditioner pattern of two-step self-etch adhesives applied on sclerotic dentin.

Methods:
The roots of 48 bovine incisors were removed and the crowns were divided into four groups: the control group (CO) teeth were left untreated or the teeth were slightly roughened with coarse-, medium-, or fine-grit diamond burs. Next, the teeth were subdivided and Clearfil SE Bond (CSE) and Adper SE Bond (ASE) were applied according to the manufacturers' instructions. Composite resin (Opallis) buildups were incrementally constructed on the bonded surfaces. After storage for 24 hours in distilled water at 37°C, the teeth were sectioned into sticks (area of 0.8 mm2). The sticks were stressed until failure by tensile forces (0.5 mm/min). Additionally, eight bovine teeth were treated as previously described, and after adhesive application, the surface was rinsed off and examined by scanning electron microscopy to measure the relative number of open tubules (OT). Data (MPa) were analyzed by two-way analysis of variance and Tukey test (p=0.05).

Results:
CO showed the highest bond strength values (p&lt;0.05). As regards OT, the lowest mean was observed for CO (p&lt;0.05) and the highest was found after application of CSE or ASE (p&lt;0.05).
Randomized Clinical Trial of Two Resin-Modified Glass Ionomer Materials: 1-year Results
Authors: Perdigão J , Dutra-Corrêa M , Saraceni SHC , Ciaramicoli MT , Kiyan VH 
Published: July 2012

SUMMARY
With institutional review board approval, 33 patients who needed restoration of noncarious cervical lesions (NCCL) were enrolled in this study. A total of 92 NCCL were selected and randomly assigned to three groups: (1) Ambar (FGM), a two-step etch-and-rinse adhesive (control), combined with the nanofilled composite resin Filtek Supreme Plus (FSP; 3M ESPE); (2) Fuji II LC (GC America), a traditional resin-modified glass ionomer (RMGIC) restorative material; (3) Ketac Nano (3M ESPE), a nanofilled RMGIC restorative material. Restorations were evaluated at six months and one year using modified United States Public Health Service parameters. At six months after initial placement, 84 restorations (a 91.3% recall rate) were evaluated. At one year, 78 restorations (a 84.8% recall rate) were available for evaluation. The six month and one year overall retention rates were 93.1% and 92.6%, respectively, for Ambar/FSP; 100% and 100%, respectively, for Fuji II LC; and 100% and 100%, respectively, for Ketac Nano with no statistical difference between any pair of groups at each recall. Sensitivity to air decreased for all three adhesive materials from the preoperative to the postoperative stage, but the difference was not statistically significant. For Ambar/FSP, there were no statistical differences for any of the parameters from baseline to six months and from baseline to one year. For Fuji II LC, surface texture worsened significantly from baseline to six months and from baseline to one year. For Ketac Nano, enamel marginal staining increased significantly from baseline to one year and from six months to one year. Marginal adaptation was statistically worse at one year compared with baseline only for Ketac Nano. When parameters were compared for materials at each recall, Ketac Nano resulted in significantly worse color match than any of the other two materials at any evaluation period. At one year, Ketac Nano resulted in significantly worse marginal adaptation than the other two materials and worse marginal staining than Fuji II LC. Surface texture was statistically worse for Fuji II LC compared with the other two materials at all evaluation periods. The one-year retention rate was statistically similar for the three adhesive materials. Nevertheless, enamel marginal deficiencies and color mismatch were more prevalent for Ketac Nano. Surface texture of Fuji II LC restorations deteriorated quickly.
Effect of Repeated Preheating Cycles on Flexural Strength of Resin Composites
Authors: D'Amario M , Pacioni S , Capogreco M , Gatto R , Baldi M 
Published: July 2012

SUMMARY
The aim of this study was to assess the flexural strengths of three resin composites prepared at room temperature or cured after 20 or 40 cycles of preheating to a temperature of 45°C. Three resin composites were evaluated: Enamel Plus HFO (Micerium) (HFO), Enamel Plus HRi (Micerium) (HRi), Opallis + (FGM) (OPA). One group of specimens for each composite was fabricated under ambient laboratory conditions, whereas in the other groups, the composites were cured after 20 or 40 preheating cycles to a temperature of 45°C in a preheating device. Ten specimens were prepared for each group. A three-point bending test was performed using a universal testing machine at a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/min. Data were analyzed with a two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) test and a Games-Howell test (α = 0.05). The two-way ANOVA showed that both the material and the number of heating cycles were significant factors, able to influence the flexural strength values (p&lt;0.05). However, there was not a statistically significant interaction (p&gt;0.05). For all three composites flexural strengths were not affected after 20 preheating cycles in comparison with the control groups (0 preheating cycles) but were, however, significantly decreased when 40 prewarming cycles were conducted. The HRi and OPA groups had the highest flexural strengths, with no statistically significant differences among them. HFO presented significantly lower flexural strengths in comparison with HRi.
Three-Month Evaluation of Vital Tooth Bleaching Using Light Units—A Randomized Clinical Study
Authors: Polydorou O , Wirsching M , Wokewitz M , Hahn P 
Published: July 2012

SUMMARYThe aim of this study was to evaluate the color stability of vital bleaching using a halogen unit, laser, or only chemical activation up to three months after treatment. A total of 60 patients were divided into three groups, and their teeth were bleached with 38% hydrogen peroxide using three methods: acceleration of the bleaching process with halogen (eight minutes), laser (30 seconds), or chemical activation only. All teeth were bleached a maximum of four times (4 × 15 minutes) until a change of six shade tabs took place. The color was evaluated both visually and with a spectrophotometer before bleaching, immediately after bleaching, and one and three months after bleaching. Directly after bleaching, the use of halogen showed better results than laser (p≤0.05). One and three months after bleaching, no significant difference was found between the tested methods relative to the shade change, independent of the method of shade evaluation (p&gt;0.05). As far as the color stability is concerned, bleaching with halogen resulted in stable color throughout the three months (p&gt;0.05), whereas the other two methods resulted in whiter teeth after one and three months compared with the color directly after bleaching (p≤0.05). Bleaching with laser needed more time than halogen for the desired shade change (p≤0.05). Although directly after treatment bleaching with halogen resulted in better results, one and three months after bleaching the kind of acceleration used in the bleaching process did not have any effect on the esthetic results.
Tooth Fragment Reattachment: The Natural Restoration
Authors: Lise DP , Vieira LC Cardoso , Araújo É , Lopes GC 
Published: July 2012

SUMMARY
The aim of this manuscript was to discuss some important considerations about tooth fragment reattachment and report the success of a clinical case in which a tooth fragment and direct composite resin were used to restore a fractured anterior tooth. Clinical and radiographic examination 12 months after trauma showed good esthetics and periodontal health.
Detection of a subglacial lake in Glacier de Tête Rousse (Mont Blanc area, France)
Authors: Vincent Christian , Descloitres Marc , Garambois Stéphane , Legchenko Anatoly , Guyard Hélène , Gilbert Adrien 
Published: July 2012

AbstractThe processes that form intraglacial lakes are poorly understood because of the difficulty in detecting and assessing such hidden lakes. Extensive geophysical surveys were performed between 2007 and 2010 in order to reassess the risk of an outburst flood from Glacier de Tete Rousse, French Alps, where outburst flooding from an intraglacial lake caused 175 fatalities in 1892. Our geophysical survey combined ground-penetrating radar measurements and nuclear magnetic resonance imaging. We found a subglacial water-filled reservoir with a volume of 55 000 m3. Artesian outpourings occurred when the subglacial cavity was reached by two borehole drillings, indicating that the hydrostatic water pressure exceeded the ice pressure at the bottom of the cavity. On the basis of these geophysical and glaciological findings, we warned the public authorities in July 2010 of the risk facing the 3000 inhabitants downstream of the glacier. The subglacial reservoir was drained artificially. This example demonstrates how geophysical surveys can be used to detect this type of hazard when it is suspected, in particular when no hydraulic outlet from the snout exists. Numerous ice temperature measurements have shown that the tongue of this glacier is cold-based. This thermal regime could explain the accumulation of water in this glacier.
Freud, lecteur d'Agatha Christie
Authors: de Mijolla-Mellor Sophie 
Published: July 2012

Reprenant ici des hypothèses précédemment développées dans Un divan pour Agatha Christie (L’Esprit du temps, 2006), on rappelle ici comment le romancier nous dévoile à nous-mêmes en faisant sourdre une subtile sensation de connivence avec les personnages, les descriptions, les évocations et les commentaires sur la comédie de la vie qui se déroule entre les pages. Le roman en effet nous analyse parce qu’il recueille nos projections et il constituerait une source inépuisable d’auto-interprétation si nous penchions sur cette question difficile entre toutes : comment et dans quelles conditions se produit le plaisir de lire, quels fantasmes se trouvent ainsi libérés pour quelques heures. Le créateur littéraire montre ainsi la voie d’une libération de l’imaginaire et rencontre l’adhésion parce que les récits partagés sont aussi anciens que les mythes séculaires de l’humanité, il offre au lecteur de découvrir des affects plus ou moins ignorés ou refoulés qui vont être libérés grâce à ces « primes de séduction ».
La Psyché peinte de Freud à Dalí et Lacan
Authors: Aleksić Branko 
Published: July 2012

Le Manifeste du surréalisme (1924) qu’André Breton écrit pendant qu’il est « occupé de Freud », projette d’abord l’application du « monologue mécanique » ou « automatique » à la poésie, ensuite l’élargit au domaine des Beaux-Arts, comme le montre la première exposition surréaliste de 1925 accompagnée du traité de Breton Le surréalisme et la peinture (1928 ; augmenté en 1965). Les cinéastes ont poursuivi ce mouvement. L’application des techniques du « monologue automatique » a pour but de provoquer le Surréel, nouvelle catégorie qui rende tangible l’inconscient du poète, peintre, cinéaste. La création du « Surréel », intensification d’une expérience onirique de la réalité, qui met en relation féconde avec l’Inconscient, serait ainsi comparable à l’immaculée conception . Breton et Éluard intitulent leur simulation des différents états pathologiques, en 1930 : L’Immaculée Conception précisément (contenant les « Cinq Essais de simulation » : débilité mentale, manie aiguë, paralyse générale, délire d’interprétation, démence précoce). Les surréalistes expérimentent de manière collective ces relations inspirées par la psychanalyse de Freud, sans négliger de les théoriser. Le but de notre étude est d’analyser le produit de ces relations ainsi que leurs ramifications critiques : rencontre Dalí-Freud en 1938, dépassant la rencontre et correspondance Breton-Freud, 1921-1932. Dalí s’y offre pour le guide d’une Histoire de la peinture surréaliste à travers les âges , et nous reconstruisons quelques-unes des figures de la Psyché selon son scénario.
Stéphane Lupasco, le surréalisme et le subréalisme
Authors: Nicolescu Basarab 
Published: July 2012

André Breton fut parmi les premiers à saisir l’importance de la logique du contradictoire élaborée par Stéphane Lupasco (1900-1988). Nous expliquons pourquoi Lupasco a qualifié l’art de Salvador Dalí par le vocable « subréalisme ». La relation de Lupasco avec Benrath et Appel est également évoquée. Nous finissons notre étude en analysant le rapport ente la psychanalyse et le tiers inclus de Lupasco. L’idée forte de Lupasco est que la conscience est associée au processus de potentialisation, tandis que l’inconscience est associée à l’actualisation.
Biomechanical Study of 4-hole Pubic Symphyseal Plating: Locked Versus Unlocked Constructs
Authors: Prasarn Mark L. , Zych Greg , Gaski Greg , Baria Dinah , Kaimrajh David , Milne Ted , Latta Loren L. 
Published: July 2012

To the authors’ knowledge, no published studies have examined the use of locking plates on injuries of the anterior pelvic ring. The purpose of this study was to determine whether locked plates provide enhanced stability in the treatment of pubic symphyseal disruptions.
Completely unstable pelvic injuries were simulated in pelvic Sawbones (model 1301; Pacific Research Laboratories, Vashon, Washington) and 2 different fixation constructs used for anterior fixation (4-hole, 3.5-mm pubic symphysis plate with all locked or all unlocked screws). Adjunctive sacroiliac screw fixation with a single 7.3-mm screw placed into S1 was used in all specimens. Specimens were analyzed for motion at the pubic symphysis and sacroiliac joints using a Material Testing System (MTS Systems Corporation, Eden Prairie, Minnesota). Each specimen was subjected to compressive loading in a single-limb stance. Side loading was also examined. The main outcome measurement was motion at the pubic symphysis and sacroiliac joints and overall construct stiffness. No significant difference existed in overall construct stiffness between the 2 methods of pubic symphysis fixation. The motions at the pubic symphysis or injured sacroiliac joints were not significantly different. In addition, motion at the pubic symphysis joint with lateral load was not improved with a locking construct.
No significant difference existed between 4-hole locked or unlocked constructs used for fixation of the pubic symphysis. No apparent advantage of locking screws exists for disruptions of the pubic symphysis, and recent reports have questioned the possibility of catastrophic failure.
Effect of Age on Partial Weight-bearing Training
Authors: Hustedt Joshua W. , Blizzard Daniel J. , Baumgaertner Michael R. , Leslie Michael P. , Grauer Jonathan N. 
Published: July 2012

Biofeedback devices are increasingly used to train orthopedic patients to comply with partial weight-bearing instructions for an injured or postoperative extremity. In a previous study, the authors showed that biofeedback was effective in training young participants. However, because many partial weight-bearing orthopedic patients are of advanced age, the current study was designed to test the effect of age on partial weight-bearing training.
Fifty asymptomatic participants aged between 20 and 78 years completed 3 interventions: (1) verbal instructions on weight bearing, (2) training with a bathroom scale, and (3) training with a biofeedback device. Participants given only verbal touchdown weight-bearing instructions (25 lb) initially bore an average of 61.25±4.80 lb. This was reduced to 51.50±4.47 lb after training with a bathroom scale and further reduced to 30.01±2.33 lb after biofeedback training. Likewise, participants given verbal partial weight-bearing instructions (75 lb) initially bore an average of 89.06±5.58 lb. No improvement was observed with the use of a bathroom scale (average, 88.47±4.75 lb). After training with the biofeedback device, weight bearing improved to an average of 68.11±2.46 lb. Mixed-model analysis revealed that age was not a significant predictor of compliance. However, a higher body mass index and male sex were predictive of worse compliance and heavier weight bearing.
Biofeedback training leads to superior compliance to weight-bearing instructions compared with verbal instructions or training with a bathroom scale. Because partial weight-bearing instructions are commonly given to orthopedic patients, biofeedback training may be appropriately considered in any age group with similar effect.