bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multifunctional MoS2 membrane for integrated solar-driven water evaporation and water purification
Authors: Cui Lingfang , Che Huinan , Liu Bin , Ao Yanhui 
Published: June 2024

AbstractSolar-driven interfacial water evaporation shows great potential to address the global water crisis, but its efficient implementation in the presence of organic wastewater remains challenging. Here, we achieved integrated water evaporation and organic compound degradation by designing a multifunctional MoS2 membrane. Under 1.0 sun irradiation, the membrane exhibits an evaporation rate of 2.07 kg m−2 h−1 and 82% degradation efficiency of organic pollutants, with negligible organic pollutant residues in the condensate. The high performance is attributed to the thermal energy generated by the evaporation process of MoS2 membrane. This promotes an increase in the rate constant of interfacial electron transfer during the photocatalytic reaction, accelerating the generation of free radicals and facilitating the removal of organic pollutants. The study demonstrated that fresh water can be collected from high-salinity wastewater at a rate of 1.56 kg m−2 h−1. The MoS2 membrane provides a sustainable approach to addressing the water crisis.
Cyclone Ilsa in April 2023 led to significant seabird mortality on Bedout Island
Authors: Lavers Jennifer L. , Mead Tanya M. , Fidler Andrew L. , Bond Alexander L. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractOn 13 April 2023, Cyclone Ilsa crossed Bedout Island in the Timor Sea off Western Australia’s remote north coast. Extensive damage was done to the entire island, with all coastal vegetation stripped clear from the island’s surface. Here we use repeated aerial and ground-based transect surveys of Bedout’s important seabird populations during 17 April – 21 July 2023 and Monte Carlo modelling to estimate total mortality for three species. We estimate that 80–90% of the populations of three seabird species (Masked Booby Sula dactylatra bedouti, Brown Booby S. leucogaster, and Lesser Frigatebird Fregata ariel) were killed in the storm, with only 40 breeding Masked Booby (a putative endemic subspecies) recorded on the island 15 weeks later. The frequency and intensity of such storms is likely approaching a threshold beyond which Bedout’s seabirds cannot readily recover, with cyclones hitting the island, on average, every seven years in recent decades. We discuss the implications for Bedout Island, and for wildlife conservation more broadly in the face of increasing, climate-driven storms and impacts documented worldwide.
Network-based prioritization and validation of regulators of vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation in disease
Authors: Lambert Jordi , Oc Sebnem , Worssam Matthew D. , Häußler Daniel , Solomon Charles U. , Figg Nichola L. , Baxter Ruby , Imaz Maria , Taylor James C. K. , Foote Kirsty , Finigan Alison , Mahbubani Krishnaa T. , Webb Tom R. , Ye Shu , Bennett Martin R. , Krüger Achim , Spivakov Mikhail , Jørgensen Helle F. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAberrant vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) homeostasis and proliferation characterize vascular diseases causing heart attack and stroke. Here we elucidate molecular determinants governing VSMC proliferation by reconstructing gene regulatory networks from single-cell transcriptomics and epigenetic profiling. We detect widespread activation of enhancers at disease-relevant loci in proliferation-predisposed VSMCs. We compared gene regulatory network rewiring between injury-responsive and nonresponsive VSMCs, which suggested shared transcription factors but differing target loci between VSMC states. Through in silico perturbation analysis, we identified and prioritized previously unrecognized regulators of proliferation, including RUNX1 and TIMP1. Moreover, we showed that the pioneer transcription factor RUNX1 increased VSMC responsiveness and that TIMP1 feeds back to promote VSMC proliferation through CD74-mediated STAT3 signaling. Both RUNX1 and the TIMP1–CD74 axis were expressed in human VSMCs, showing low levels in normal arteries and increased expression in disease, suggesting clinical relevance and potential as vascular disease targets.
Algorithmic versus human surveillance leads to lower perceptions of autonomy and increased resistance
Authors: Schlund Rachel , Zitek Emily M. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractPast research indicates that people tend to react adversely to surveillance, but does it matter if advanced technologies such as artificial intelligence conduct surveillance rather than humans? Across four experiments (Study 1, N = 107; Study 2, N = 157; Study 3, N = 117; Study 4, N = 814), we examined how participants reacted to monitoring and evaluation by human or algorithmic surveillance when recalling instances of surveillance from their lives (Study 1), generating ideas (Studies 2 and 3), or imagining working in a call center (Study 4). Our results revealed that participants subjected to algorithmic (v. human) surveillance perceived they had less autonomy (Studies 1, 3, and 4), criticized the surveillance more (Studies 1-3), performed worse (Studies 2 and 3), and reported greater intentions to resist (Studies 1 and 4). Framing the purpose of the algorithmic surveillance as developmental, and thus informational, as opposed to evaluative, mitigated the perception of decreased autonomy and level of resistance (Study 4).
A Preliminary Study of Vallecular Bolus Aggregation in Healthy Swallowing of Solid Food Boluses
Authors: Gandhi Pooja , Barrett Emily , Mancopes Renata , Peladeau-Pigeon Melanie , Panes Vanessa , Simmons Michelle M. , Steele Catriona M. 
Published: June 2024

Objective:
The pharyngeal swallow typically begins within 400 ms following the arrival of a liquid bolus in the pharynx. By contrast, processed food particles aggregate in the valleculae prior to swallow initiation. With solid foods, swallow reaction time (SRT), the interval between bolus passing the ramus of mandible and hyoid burst onset (HYB) can be subdivided into components of vallecular aggregation time (VAT) and the subsequent end of aggregation to hyoid burst interval (EOA-to-HYB). However, expected durations of these timing measures remain unclear. We aimed to study bolus aggregation in healthy swallowing for International Dysphagia Diet Standardisation Initiative Food Levels 5 (minced and moist [MM5]), 6 (soft and bite-sized [SB6]), and 7 (regular [RG7]). Understanding typical patterns and durations of vallecular aggregation with solids in healthy swallowing will inform the identification of impaired swallow timing in patient populations.

Design:

Twenty healthy adults (10 males,
M
age
= 28 years, range: 23–55 years) swallowed two boluses each of MM5, SB6, and RG7 foods in videofluoroscopy. Blinded duplicate ratings determined bolus location at swallow onset, SRT, VAT, and EOA-to-HYB. Texture-based differences were measured using Friedman's tests.

Bolus location was at/above the valleculae at swallow onset for 85% of boluses, with no differences by texture. SRT, VAT, and EOA-to-HYB did not vary by texture, with overall median values (interquartile range) of 99 ms (−66 to 743 ms) for SRT, 347 ms (66 to 891 ms) for VAT, and −132 ms (−231 to −83 ms) for EOA-to-HYB.

Conclusions:
These data corroborate prior evidence that it is not unusual for food particles to aggregate in the valleculae prior to swallow initiation in healthy swallowing. However, durations of vallecular aggregation are typically < 1 s in healthy adults.
La Rana
or
El Rana
: Dual Language Learners' Grammatical Variability in Narrative Retells
Authors: Gusewski Svenja , Rojas Raúl 
Published: June 2024

Purpose:
This longitudinal study investigated the trajectory of Spanish article accuracy in Spanish–English dual language learners (DLLs) from preschool to first grade, addressing the need for longitudinal data on the variability of Spanish grammatical skills in DLLs in English immersion classrooms.

Method:
Language sample analysis was conducted on 336 Spanish and English narrative retells elicited from 31 Spanish–English DLLs (range: 45–85 months). Growth curve models captured within- and between-individual change in article accuracy from the beginning of preschool to the end of first grade.

Results:
As a group, DLLs did not exhibit significant positive or negative growth in Spanish article accuracy over time. On average, article accuracy remained stable at 76% from preschool throughout first grade. Participants exhibited significant variability in article accuracy that was partly explained by changes in Spanish proficiency. Spanish article accuracy was lower for DLLs with lower Spanish proficiency indexed by measures from the Spanish language samples, while English proficiency indexed by the English language samples did not affect Spanish article accuracy.

Conclusions:
These findings suggest that expectations for Spanish grammatical performance in DLLs need to be adjusted to account for the possible impact of not receiving Spanish support in English immersion school settings. DLLs in these instructional programs do not exhibit article accuracy at a level expected for monolingual Spanish speakers. Significant individual differences in both individual status and growth rates of Spanish article accuracy highlight the broad variability in Spanish language skills of DLLs in the United States.
Stellar chromospheric activity database of solar-like stars based on the LAMOST Low-Resolution Spectroscopic Survey
Authors: Zhang Weitao , Zhang Jun , He Han , Luo Ali , Zhang Haotong 
Published: June 2024

Context. The dependence of stellar magnetic activity on stellar parameters is inspired by the chromospheric activity studies based on the large-scale spectroscopic surveys.
Aims. The main objective of this project is to provide the chromospheric activity parameter database for the LAMOST Low-Resolution Spectroscopic Survey (LRS) spectra of solar-like stars and explore the overall property of stellar chromospheric activity.
Methods. The Ca II H and K lines were employed to construct indicators for assessing and studying the chromospheric activity of solar-like stars. We investigated the widely used bolometric- and photospheric-calibrated chromospheric activity index R′HK, derived from the method in the classic literature (R′HK,classic) and the method based on the PHOENIX model (R′HK,PHOENIX). Since the detailed stellar atmospheric parameters, effective temperature (Teff), surface gravity (log g), and metallicity ([Fe/H]) are available for LAMOST, we estimated the chromospheric activity index R′HK,PHOENIX, along with the corresponding bolometric calibrated index RHK,PHOENIX, taking these parameters into account.
Results. We provided the database of the derived chromospheric activity parameters for 1 122 495 LAMOST LRS spectra of solar-like stars. Our calculations show that log R′HK,PHOENIX is approximately linearly correlated with log R′HK,classic. The results based on our extensive archive support the view that the dynamo mechanism of solar-like stars is generally consistent with the Sun; and the value of the solar chromospheric activity index is located at the midpoint of the solar-like star sample. We further investigated the proportions of solar-like stars with different chromospheric activity levels (very active, active, inactive, and very inactive). The investigation indicates that the occurrence rate of high levels of chromospheric activity is lower among the stars with effective temperatures between 5600 and 5900 K.
ExoplANETS-A: A virtual observatory database for host stars and planetary systems
Authors: Morales-Calderón M. , Joyce S. R. G. , Pye J. P. , Barrado D. , García Castro M. , Rodrigo C. , Solano E. , Nichols J. D. , Lagage P. O. , Castro-González A. , García R. A. , Guedel M. , Huélamo N. , Metodieva Y. , Waters R. 
Published: June 2024

Context. ExoplANETS-A is an EU Horizon-2020 project with the primary objective of establishing new knowledge on exoplanet atmospheres. Intimately related to this topic is the study of the host stars’ radiative properties in order to understand the environment in which exoplanets lie.
Aims. The aim of this work is to exploit archived data from space-based observatories and other public sources to produce uniform sets of stellar data that can establish new insight into the influence of the host star on the planetary atmosphere. We have compiled X-ray and UV luminosities, which affect the formation and the atmospheric properties of the planets, and stellar parameters, which impact the retrieval process of the planetary atmosphere’s properties and its errors.
Methods. Our sample is formed of all transiting-exoplanet systems observed by HST or Spitzer. It includes 205 exoplanets and their 114 host stars. We have built a catalogue with information extracted from public, online archives augmented by quantities derived by the Exoplanets-A work. With this catalogue we have implemented an online database that also includes X-ray and OHP spectra and TESS light curves. In addition, we have developed a tool, exoVOSA, that is able to fit the spectral energy distribution of exoplanets.
Results. We give an example of using the database to study the effects of the host star high energy emission on the exoplanet atmosphere. The sample has a planet radius valley that is located at 1.8 R⊕, in agreement with previous studies. Multiplanet systems in our sample were used to test the photoevaporation model and we find that out of 14 systems, only one significant case poses a contradiction to it (K2-3). In this case, the inner planet of the system is above the radius gap while the two exterior planets are both below it. This indicates that some factor not included in the photoevaporation model has increased the mass-loss timescale of the inner planet. In summary, the exoplanet and stellar resources compiled and generated by ExoplANETS-A form a sound basis for current JWST observations and for future work in the era of Ariel.
The near-infrared degree of polarization in debris disks
Authors: Olofsson J. , Thébault P. , Bayo A. , Henning Th. , Milli J. 
Published: June 2024

Context. Debris disks provide a unique opportunity to probe the properties of small μm-sized particles, allowing us to peer into the constituents of their parent bodies, namely the young analogs of comets and the asteroids of our Solar System.
Aims. In the past, studies of the total intensity phase function – that is, the brightness of the disk as a function of the scattering angle – have proven powerful in constraining the main characteristics of the dust particles in debris disks. Nonetheless, there can remain some degeneracies in the modeling, which can be alleviated when considering polarized intensity observations.
Methods. We obtained new near-infrared scattered-light observations of four young debris disks, and used state-of-the-art algorithms to recover the total intensity and linear polarimetric images of the disks. These images allow us to constrain the degree of linear polarization as a function of the scattering angle.
Results. All four debris disks are detected in polarized intensity, and three are also recovered in total intensity. We measured a peak degree of polarization of ≲40% for all three disks. For the disk around HD 129590, we are also able to determine the degree of polarization in the radiation-pressure-driven halo. To reproduce the observed polarization fractions, we find that the particles must consist of highly refractive and absorbing material. For HD 129590, by measuring the polarization fraction beyond the birth ring, we constrain the width of the size distribution to be increasingly small toward greater radii, which is compatible with the effect of radiation pressure. We put these findings to the test and present a self-consistent approach to producing synthetic images, assuming different profiles for the radiation pressure strength, and accounting for the presence of unbound grains. We find the contribution of these grains to be especially critical in order to reproduce the increasing degree of polarization with stellocentric distance.
Conclusions. Some of our results – namely a very small blow-out size and very large (n, k) values for the optical constants, which are required to reproduce the observed degree of polarization – might seem difficult to reconcile with our understanding of cosmic dust. Similar results have been obtained for other disks and we discuss the current limitation of available light-scattering models as well as possible avenues to alleviate these limitations.
Perianal Paget's Disease Metachronically Associated with Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Chiquetti Camila Vieira , Gonçalves Victor Hugo de Araújo , Uliana Leonardo Carnielli , Ribeiro Carlos Otávio da Silva , Fonseca Odinilson Almeida , Santos Carlos Henrique Marques dos , Takita Luiz Carlos 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIntroduction This article describes an unusual case of perianal Paget's Disease in a 42-year-old man, highlighting distinct characteristics about more typical cases.Case report 42-year-old male patient with persistent perianal lesion, recurrent abscesses, and discomfort. Magnetic resonance imaging indicated a possible fistulous path. Biopsy revealed secondary anal Paget's disease and adenocarcinoma. Chemotherapy and radiotherapy treatment demonstrated a positive response.Discussion Perianal Paget's Disease is a rare condition of the anal canal that is part of the Extramammary Paget's Disease (EMPD) group. Symptoms include itching, pain, perianal bleeding, and skin lesions. Diagnosis can be challenging and usually involves performing a histopathological biopsy associated with an immunohistochemical study. Treatment varies and may involve surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy. Due to the rarity of the disease, the best therapeutic approach is not yet well defined, and follow-up is essential due to the risk of recurrence.Conclusion Perianal Paget's Disease is rare and requires differentiation from other conditions. Early detection is essential to prevent malignancy.
Quality Assessment of Colonoscopies Performed by Resident Physicians in Colorectal Surgery
Authors: Giongo Sofia Marasca , Fillmann Henrique Sarubbi , Fillmann Lucio Sarubbi , Padoin Alexandre Vontobel 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Introduction Colorectal cancer is the third most common malignant neoplasm worldwide, with ∼ 150 thousand new cases each year. Screening policies have brought significant progress due to the possibility of early diagnosis and polyp resection. Therefore, there is a need for continuous evaluation of the quality of colonoscopies based on well-established criteria in the literature.
Materials and Methods The present retrospective study assesses the quality of colonoscopies performed at a tertiary hospital, comparing resident physicians with their preceptors. A total of 422 preceptor exams and 115 resident exams were evaluated, with a comparison of the adenoma detection rate, cecal intubation rate, examination time, and bowel preparation quality.
Results The adenoma detection rate in the exams performed by preceptors was of 46.9%, while in those performed by residents, it was of 35.2% (p = 0.038). The cecal intubation rate was of 98.6% in the preceptor group and of 94.8% in the resident group (p = 0.025). The median total examination time was of 13 minutes and 42 seconds in the preceptor group and of 19 minutes and 22 seconds in the resident group (p < 0.005).
Conclusion During their training, resident physicians perform an adequate number of colonoscopies, which enables them to achieve adenoma detection rates, cecal intubation and examination times within the limits proposed by the literature.
Extramedullary Intracranial Plasmacytomas: A Systematic Review of Literature
Authors: Palavani Lucca B. , Bapat Atharva , Batista Sávio , Mendes João Pedro , Oliveira Leonardo B. , Bertani Raphael 
Published: June 2024

AbstractExtramedullary plasmacytoma (EMP) is an uncommon disorder characterized by the development of abnormal plasma cell tumors outside the bone marrow. These tumors are typically observed in various locations, including the upper respiratory tract, gastrointestinal tract, and other soft tissues. Among the less explored manifestations of EMP is intracranial EMP, which remains poorly understood due to the limited literature available on the subject. The objective was to comprehend the population characteristics, localization, type, treatment, and outcomes of intracranial EMP. A systematic review of the literature for EMPs was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis guidelines. The strategy “extramedullary plasmacytoma AND multiple myeloma” was used for the search. The search terms were queried using PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Cochrane, and Web of Science databases. We included only those studies that presented clinical studies with patients diagnosed with intracranial plasmacytomas. In this study, a total of 84 patients from 25 studies were analyzed. The average age of diagnosis was 57.25 years, with a slightly higher proportion of females (57%) compared to male patients (43%). The most common locations of intracranial plasmacytomas were the clivus (29.7%), frontal lobe (18.9%), parietal lobe (8.1%), occipital lobe (6.7%), temporal lobe (6.7%), and sphenoid (4%). Chordoma and meningioma were the most common differential diagnoses encountered during clinical investigations. Treatment modalities included radiotherapy (RT), chemotherapy (QT), surgical resection (SR), and conservative approaches. The most frequent treatment combinations were SR + RT (19%) and RT only (17.8%). Mortality was reported in 48% of the cases, with complete resolution observed in 10 cases and partial resolution in 3 cases. The average follow-up duration was 37.5 months. The clivus is the most frequently reported site of extramedullary intracranial plasmacytoma (EMIP) occurrence, representing 29.7% of cases. Chordomas were commonly observed alongside EMIPs and emerged as the primary differential diagnosis. RT was the predominant treatment modality, with SR considered when feasible. RT alone demonstrated the highest effectiveness in managing EMIPs (30%), while QT as a sole intervention showed lower efficacy. However, a combination of dexamethasone, lenalidomide, and targeted RT displayed promising results, offering improved tumor response and increased safety.
Introduction: extremes and divides in electoral politics, the Dutch 2021 elections in particular
Authors: Sipma Take , Spierings Niels , Jacobs Kristof , Lubbers Marcel , van der Meer Tom 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIn this introduction to the special issue ‘Extremes and divides in electoral politics, the 2021 Dutch parliamentary elections in particular’ four core elements are included. First, we discuss the rationale behind the special issue: answering calls for building bridges between related research literatures on the politics of divided and extremes. We do so by bringing together studies on the different manifestations thereof for the 2021 Dutch parliamentary elections, all (partly) using the Dutch Parliamentary Election Study. Second, we provide a case background to the Netherlands and these elections and discuss how this case sheds light on the larger population of cases. Third, we provide more detailed information on the dataset, also discussing how it can be merged with different data sources, which facilitates bridge building, as done by multiple contributions to this special issue. Fourth and last, we provide a synopsis of the contributions, dividing them in studies focusing on voting behavior and on attitudes regarding the fundaments of democratic politics. Based on each study’s results, we also formulate avenues for new studies, underscoring our aim to facilitate the building of bridges between literatures on extremes and divides in politics.