bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characterization of rabbit DNA micros extracted from the EMBL nucleotide sequence database
Authors: VAN Lith H A , VAN Zutphen L F M 
Published: July 2010

SummaryMicrosatellite polymorphisms are invaluable for mapping vertebrate genomes. In order to estimate the occurrence of microsatellites in the rabbit genome and to assess their feasibility as markers in rabbit genetics, a survey on the presence of all types of mononucleotide, dinucleotide, trinucleotide and tetranucleotide repeats, with a length of about 20 bp or more, was conducted by searching the published rabbit DNA sequences in the EMBL nucleotide database (version 32). A total of 181 rabbit microsatellites could be extracted from the present database. The estimated frequency of microsatellites in the rabbit genome was one microsatellite for every 2–3 kb of DNA. Dinucleotide repeats constituted the prevailing class of microsatellites, followed by trinucleotide, mononucleotide and tetranucleotide repeats, respectively. The average length of the microsatellites, as found in the database, was 26, 23, 23 and 22 bp for mono‐, di‐, tri‐ and tetranucleotide repeats, respectively. The most common repeat motif was AG, followed by A, AC, AGG and CCG. This group comprised about 70% of all extracted rabbit microsatellites. About 61% of the microsatellites were found in non‐coding regions of genes, whereas 15% resided in (protein) coding regions. A significant fraction of rabbit microsatellites (about 22%) was found within interspersed repetitive DNA sequences.
Lack of association of bovine MHC class I alleles with carcass and reproductive traits
Authors: Arriëns M A , Hofer A , Obexer‐Ruff G , Lazary S 
Published: July 2010

SummaryThe present study was carried out to examine whether a relationship between bovine major histocompatibility complex (BoLA) class I alleles and carcass traits or reproductive performance exists in Braunvieh and Fleckvieh A1 (artificial insemination) bulls. The influence of BoLA class I (BOLA‐A) alleles on deregressed breeding values for net growth rate, carcass index and thigh volume was assessed in Braunvieh crosses and Fleckvieh bulls with a gene substitution model. The reproductive traits: non‐return rate and interval between first and last insemination of daughters (female fertility), as well as non‐return rate of inseminated cows (male fertility), were only investigated in Fleckvieh animals. No influence of the BOLA‐A region on the traits evaluated could be demonstrated. An improper, i.e. less restrictive analysis would have led to spurious results.
Assignment of markers by using polymerase chain reaction on pools of swine flow‐sorted chromosomes
Authors: Riquet J , Schmitz A , Cruzel J , Mulsant P , Milan D , Gellin J 
Published: July 2010

SummaryGene chromosomal assignment can be realized not only by somatic hybrid panels but also by spot‐blot hybridization or polymerase chain reaction (PCR) of flow‐sorted chromosomes. We propose a swine chromosome assignment strategy by PCR amplification on pooled chromosomal DNA, which allows assignment despite possible chromosomal contamination during sorting. Each pool contains three different chromosomes, each chromosome being present in one or two pools. We present concordant results obtained for eight markers already mapped to different swine chromosomes and we assign the somatostatin gene to chromosome 13, a new marker in the pig genome.
Assessment of genomic variability through DNA fingerprinting within and between chicken lines divergently selected for residual food consumption
Authors: Tixier‐Boichard M , Kritchmann N , Morisson M , Bordas A , Hillel J 
Published: July 2010

SummaryDNA fingerprints obtained by multi‐locus probes have been shown to be convenient tools to assess genetic variability and genetic distances in animal populations. This method has been applied in the present study to two Rhode Island Red lines of chickens divergently selected for residual food consumption (RFC) for 16 generations (R‐: low RFC; R+: high RFC). Within each line, individuals were sampled from each tail of the phenotypic distribution of RFC for males and for females. The three probes used were two minisatellite probes, R18‐1 and 33‐6, and the endogenous avian retroviral element probe. Altogether, 101 bands were scored. Band‐sharing levels obtained from analysis of pooled DNA were extremely high within‐Line (> 0.9) and still high between the lines (0.82 to 0.86). When band frequencies were compared, correlation coefficients were lower between lines than between extreme groups within lines regardless of the performance level. Although the selected lines differed widely in the selected trait RFC and a few correlated traits, it was concluded that they are probably different by only a low proportion of their genome.
Linkage mapping of the retinoic acid receptor‐γ gene to porcine chromosome 5
Authors: Messer L , Wang L , Yelich J , Pomp D , Geisert R , Rothschild M F 
Published: July 2010

SummaryThe porcine retinoic acid receptor‐γ gene (RARG) has been mapped by restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis to porcine chromosome 5. The placement of RARG distal to the diacylglycerol kinase gene increases the length Of the existing map (PiGMaP) and adds a fifth type‐I marker to this sparsely mapped chromosome. This augments the homology of pig chromosome 5 and human chromosome 12 established by previous comparative mapping.
Allele frequencies of the major milk proteins in the Finnish Ayrshire and detection of a new K‐casein variant
Authors: Ikonen T , Ruottinen O , Erhardt G , Ojala M 
Published: July 2010

SummaryA total of 20990 Finnish Ayrshire cows were phenotyped for the major milk proteins by isoelectric focusing in polyacrylamide gels. The predominant alleles in the Finnish Ayrshire were αS1‐casein B (0.999), αS2‐casein A (0.991), β‐casein A1 (0.509) and α2 (0.490), α22‐casein A (0.612) and β‐lactoglobulin B (0.716). The K‐casein E allele (0.307) was also rather common in the Finnish Ayrshire. A new K‐casein variant (K‐casein F) was demonstrated in two Finnish Ayrshire cows, a dam and a daughter.
Restriction fragment length polymorphism in amplification products of the bovine butyrophilin gene: assignment of bovine butyronhilin to bovine chromosome 23
Authors: Taylor C , Everest M , Smith C 
Published: July 2010

SummaryA polymorphism was identified in the bovine butyrophilin (BTN) gene by digesting poly‐merase chain reaction products with the restriction enzyme HaeIII. This polymorphism was segregating in a Holstein‐Friesian sire selected as part of an ongoing study directed towards the identification of quantitative trait loci affecting milk composition. Screening of a half‐sib family established for the heterozygous sire allowed the localization of BTN to bovine chromosome 23 (BTA23).
Characterization and linkage mapping often sheep microsatellite markers derived from a sheep x hamster cell hybrid
Authors: Lumsden J M , Lord E A , Montgomery G W 
Published: July 2010

SummaryA cosmid library has been constructed from a sheep x hamster cell hybrid containing sheep chromosome t1, rob (6;24). Clones containing sheep DNA were identified by hybridizing to a total sheep genomic DNA probe. Small fragments (<500 bp) containing (AC)n microsatellites were subcloned and sequenced. Ten microsatellite markers were characterized and six were mapped back to chromosomes 6 and 24. The remaining microsatellites mapped to chromosome 26, which was shown to be present in a small proportion of cells of the cell line.
The porcine skeletal muscle ryanodine receptor gene structure coding region 1 to 10 614 harbouring 71 exons
Authors: Wen G , Leeb T , Reinhart B , Brenig B 
Published: July 2010

SummaryThe skeletal muscle ryanodine receptor (RYR1) belongs to a family of calcium release channels that are expressed in different tissues. The RYR1 gene is one of the largest genes characterized, so far, containing a 15 253 nucleotide ORF in swine. To study the genomic organization of the porcine skeletal muscle ryanodine receptor gene we have isolated seven genomic fragments spanning 72.7kb of chromosomal DNA of chromosome 6q12. This region harbours exons 1 to 71 coding for 3538 amino acids (69.6%) of the ryanodine receptor 1.
Polymorphism at the ovine major histocompatibility complex class II loci
Authors: Escayg A P , Hickford J G H , Bullock D W , Montgomery G W , Dodds K G 
Published: July 2010

SummarySouthern hybridization analysis of the ovine major histocompatibility complex (MHC) (MhcOvar) class II region, using sheep‐specific probes for the DQA1, DQA2, DQB and DRA loci, has revealed extensive polymorphism. DQA1 and DQAP had eight and 16 alleles respectively, DQB had six and DRA had three alleles. Little information was derived from the DRB locus owing to extensive cross‐hybridization between the DRB probe and the DQB locus. Differences in allele frequency between breeds were revealed. At the DQA1 locus a null allele (DQA1‐N) was observed with a frequency of between 27% and 45%, making this the most common DQA1 allele in all breeds examined. The frequency of DQA1‐N homozygotes was between 11% and 18%, raising questions as to the functional significance of the DQA1 gene. Linkage analysis between the DQA1, DQA2, DQB and DRA loci did not reveal any recombination.
Characterization of isogenic carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) lines with a genetically determined high or low antibody production
Authors: Wiegertjes G F , Voorthuis P , Groeneveld A , Van Muiswinkel W B , Stet R J M , Bongers A B J , Doulabi B Zandieh 
Published: July 2010

SummaryAntibody production to dinitrophenyl‐keyhole limpet haemocyanin (DNP‐KLH) served as the immune parameter to divergently select carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) to produce high‐ and low‐responder F, hybrid lines. Antibody production to trinitrophenyl‐lipopolysaccharide [TNP‐LPS) and to DNP‐KLH were similar in magnitude. By contrast, some high‐responder lines were low responders to DNP‐human serum albumin, and vice versa. Low‐responder carp were relatively susceptible to infection with the parasite Trypanoplasma borreli. This suggested that at least one gene with a major influence on resistance differed between the two homozygous parents (69, 85) used to generate the high‐ and low‐responder homozygous families, respectively. The isogenic lines showed no within‐line variation in DNA fingerprints, but differed with respect to their MhcCyca‐DAB genes.
Conservation of the RD‐BF‐C2 organization in the pig MHC class‐III region: mapping and cloning of the pig RD gene
Authors: Peelman L. J. , Mattheeuws M. , VAN Zeveren A. , van de Weghe A. , Bouquet Y. 
Published: July 2010

SummaryThe RD gene, named after the arginine (R) and aspartic acid (D) repeat in the central part of its protein, was initially mapped in the mouse H‐2S subregion between C4 and BF. It was later mapped in the same position in the human MHC and here we show it is also conserved in the pig MHC class III region, close to the complement BF gene. A pig RD genomic clone was isolated from a γ‐phage library. Hybridizations on genomic DNA separated with pulsed field gel electrophoresis identified common 220kb Nrul, 130 kb EagI and 200 kb Mlul bands for RD, BF and C2. The RD gene has also a 17 kb Kpnl and 11 kb Sad fragment in common with BFbut not with C2. The close linkage of the RD and BF genes was further established by hybridization of BF to a genomic γ‐phage clone also containing the RD gene. This genomic RD clone overlaps with a γ ‐phage clone previously isolated and containing the complete BF gene and the 3′ part of C2. The distance between RD and BF is about 6 kb. The junction between the two complement genes BF and C2 was sequenced and the BF 5′ promoter region, overlapping the 3′ noncoding region of C2, was compared with that of the human BF promoter. The overall homology was about 80% and all but one identified promoter elements were found in the same position in both genes. The results obtained demonstrate the RD‐BF‐C2 organization is strongly conserved between human, mouse and pig. No polymorphisms were detected in either the RD gene or in the BF promoter region using polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment polymorphism analysis.
Genetic mapping of quantitative trait loci affecting susceptibility in chicken to develop pulmonary hypertension syndrome
Authors: Rabie T. S. K. M. , Crooijmans R. P. M. A. , Bovenhuis H. , Vereijken A. L. J. , Veenendaal T. , van der Poel J. J. , Van Arendonk J. A. M. , Pakdel A. , Groenen M. A. M. 
Published: July 2010

SummaryPulmonary hypertension syndrome (PHS), also referred to as ascites syndrome, is a growth‐related disorder of chickens frequently observed in fast‐growing broilers with insufficient pulmonary vascular capacity at low temperature and/or at high altitude. A cross between two genetically different broiler dam lines that originated from the White Plymouth Rock breed was used to produce a three‐generation population. This population was used for the detection and localization of quantitative trait loci (QTL) affecting PHS‐related traits. Ten full‐sib families consisting of 456 G2 birds were typed with 420 microsatellite markers covering 24 autosomal chromosomes. Phenotypic observations were collected on 4202 G3 birds and a full‐sib across family regression interval mapping approach was used to identify QTL. There was statistical evidence for QTL on chicken chromosome 2 (GGA2), GGA4 and GGA6. Suggestive QTL were found on chromosomes 5, 8, 10, 27 and 28. The most significant QTL were located on GGA2 for right and total ventricular weight as percentage of body weight (%RV and %TV respectively). A related trait, the ratio of right ventricular weight as percentage to total ventricular weight (RATIO), reached the suggestive threshold on this chromosome. All three QTL effects identified on GGA2 had their maximum test statistic in the region flanked by markers MCW0185 and MCW0245 (335–421 cM).
Subsurface sediment remobilization and fluid flow in sedimentary basins: an overview
Authors: Huuse Mads , Jackson Christopher A.‐L. , Van Rensbergen Pieter , Davies Richard J. , Flemings Peter B. , Dixon Richard J. 
Published: July 2010

ABSTRACTSubsurface sediment remobilization and fluid flow processes and their products are increasingly being recognized as significant dynamic components of sedimentary basins. The geological structures formed by these processes have traditionally been grouped into mud volcano systems, fluid flow pipes and sandstone intrusion complexes. But the boundaries between these groups are not always distinct because there can be similarities in their geometries and the causal geological processes. For instance, the process model for both mud and sand remobilization and injection involves a source of fluid that can be separate from the source of sediment, and diapirism is now largely discarded as a deformation mechanism for both lithologies. Both mud and sand form dykes and sills in the subsurface and extrusive edifices when intersecting the sediment surface, although the relative proportions of intrusive and extrusive components are very different, with mud volcano systems being largely extrusive and sand injectite systems being mainly intrusive. Focused fluid flow pipes may transfer fluids over hundreds of metres of vertical section for millions of years and may develop into mud volcano feeder systems under conditions of sufficiently voluminous and rapid fluid ascent associated with deeper focus points and overpressured aquifers. Both mud and sand remobilization is facilitated by overpressure and generally will be activated by an external trigger such as an earthquake, although some mud volcano systems may be driven by the re‐charge dynamics of their fluid source. Future research should aim to provide spatio‐temporal ‘injectite’ stratigraphies to help constrain sediment remobilization processes in their basinal context and identify and study outcrop analogues of mud volcano feeders and pipes, which are virtually unknown at present. Further data‐driven research would be significantly boosted by numerical and analogue process modelling to constrain the mechanics of deep subsurface sediment remobilization as these processes can not be readily observed, unlike many conventional sediment transport phenomena.
A literature review of interprofessional working and intermediate care in the UK
Authors: Rout Amelia , Ashby Sue , Maslin‐Prothero Sian , Masterson Abigail , Priest Helena , Beach Mike , Harrison Gina , Mann Phillip , Sturdy Deborah 
Published: July 2010

Aims and objectives.  This systematic literature review aimed at addressing two questions: first, what evidence exists regarding intermediate care in the UK; and what interventions have been used to develop interprofessional working in intermediate care in the UK? A systematic review of the literature from 2000–2006 resulted in a total of 104 full‐text articles describing research into intermediate care in the UK.Background.  The review was the first stage of a large, national project evaluating and developing interprofessional working among health and social care staff, particularly in relation to the intermediate care of older people.Design.  Systematic literature review.Methods.  All the literature was reviewed by one reviewer, and a second review was carried out by a team of reviewers to ensure each article was reviewed twice, independently. One article was reviewed by all the reviewers to ensure inter‐rater reliability; finally, all the reviews were amalgamated, which resulted in one summary per article.Results.  The main findings drawn from this systematic literature review are that research carried out on intermediate care in the UK has a diverse set of aims, for example economic evaluations, delivery of intermediate care and exploring the views and perceptions of those involved in intermediate care.Conclusions.  Although several articles include discussions about the importance of interprofessional working in intermediate care, no article specifically focused on the interprofessional focus of intermediate care, and there was no research about interventions used to develop interprofessional working.Relevance to clinical practice.  Intermediate care as a policy has been interpreted very differently across the four countries of the UK; there is no one preferred or consistent interpretation to its delivery.
Diabetes and oral health: doctors' knowledge, perception and practices
Authors: Al‐Habashneh Rola , Barghout Nicola , Humbert Lewis , Khader Yousef , Alwaeli Hayder 
Published: July 2010

AbstractObjectives  To assess Jordanian doctors' knowledge of the connection between diabetes and oral health and assess their willingness to advise their diabetic patients to seek dental treatment and determine the associated factors.Methods  Data were collected from 164 doctors practising in Jordan using a structured questionnaire. Chi‐squared test and regression analyses were conducted to reveal factors influencing the awareness, perception and knowledge of health care professionals regarding diabetes and oral health.Results  Of the respondents, 70% had heard of the link between diabetes and oral health. The majority agreed that diabetes increased the tendency to have periodontitis but only half advised their diabetic patients to consult a dentist concerning their oral health. Only a third of doctors agreed that oral health was an issue in controlling diabetes. Books, magazines and pamphlets were the main source of information with the rate of 58%, medical journals and medical curriculum were the second and third sources, respectively. General medical practitioners were less informed than specialized doctors about the relationship between oral health and diabetes. Factors that significantly predicted doctors would advise dental visits were: (1) being a specialist (P = 0.037); (2) having positive knowledge about the association between diabetes and oral health (P = 0.02, P = 0.007 and P = 0.004, respectively).Conclusion  There is limited knowledge of the relationships between oral health and diabetes. The more knowledgeable doctors are, the more likely they are to make dental referrals. Screening and referral by health professionals may benefit diabetic patients by improving access to dental care. Therefore, there is a need to educate doctors about oral health and diabetes.
Are COX‐2 inhibitors preferable to combined NSAID and PPI in countries with moderate health service expenditures?
Authors: Perić Aneta , Toskić‐Radojičić Marija , Dobrić Silva , Damjanov Nemanja , Miljković Branislava , Antunović Mirjana , Vezmar Sandra 
Published: July 2010

AbstractRationale  In developed countries, cyclooxygenase 2 (COX‐2) inhibitors were shown to be less costly than the combination of non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) in treatment of patients with high risk of serious gastrointestinal (GI) adverse effects. It is questionable if such results apply to developing countries where health service costs are lower and there is high discrepancy between generic and patent protected drug prices.We analysed the direct cost of treatment with generic NSAIDs in combination with PPIs versus branded COX‐2 inhibitors in patients with high risk of serious GI adverse effects from the perspective of the public health service in Serbia.Methods   Total cost of treatment of serious GI complications and the use of NSAID+PPI versus COX‐2 inhibitors were calculated. A model for estimation of cost of treatment of NSAID+PPI versus COX‐2 inhibitors which included the probability of developing serious GI adverse effects was developed.Results   Total cost of treatment of serious GI adverse effects resulted in an average of $814/patient. Considering the relative risk of such adverse effects for patients with four or more risk factors, the least costly treatment over 6 months was the use of celecoxib ($487). Compared with diclofenac+omeprazole, cost savings were estimated at $59 and $22 per patient with celecoxib and etoricoxib, respectively.Conclusion   Cost savings may be achieved by using COX‐2 inhibitors in patients at high risk of GI adverse effects even in countries with moderate health care service expenditures. Such possibility requires further investigation.
EHR adoption among doctors who treat the elderly
Authors: Yeager Valerie A. , Menachemi Nir , Brooks Robert G. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractObjectives  The purpose of this study is to examine Electronic Health Record (EHR) adoption among Florida doctors who treat the elderly. This analysis contributes to the EHR adoption literature by determining if doctors who disproportionately treat the elderly differ from their counterparts with respect to the utilization of an important quality‐enhancing health information technology application.Methods  This study is based on a primary survey of a large, statewide sample of doctors practising in outpatient settings in Florida. Logistic regression analysis was used to determine whether doctors who treat a high volume of elderly (HVE) patients were different with respect to EHR adoption.Results  Our analyses included responses from 1724 doctors. In multivariate analyses controlling for doctor age, training, computer sophistication, practice size and practice setting, HVE doctors were significantly less likely to adopt EHR. Specifically, compared with their counterparts, HVE doctors were observed to be 26.7% less likely to be utilizing an EHR system (OR = 0.733, 95% CI 0.547–0.982). We also found that doctor age is negatively related to EHR adoption, and practice size and doctor computer savvy‐ness is positively associated.Conclusions  Despite the fact that EHR adoption has improved in recent years, doctors in Florida who serve the elderly are less likely to adopt EHRs. As long as HVE doctors are adopting EHR systems at slower rates, the elderly patients treated by these doctors will be at a disadvantage with respect to potential benefits offered by this technology.