bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Study of Antibiotics Prescription Pattern in Pre, Intra &amp; Post Operative Period to Patients Who Later Developed Surgical Site Infections in a Tertiary Care Centre.
Authors: Chavhan Vaibhav B. , Jaju J. B. , Jadhav A. D. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Introduction: Antimicrobial resistance(AMR) has emerged as major public health problem all over the world which can be controlled in paying great attention to judicious use of them. In 2012, Indian Council of Medical Research(ICMR) started Antibiotic Stewardship Program(ASP) to reduce Surgical site infections(SSIs) by doing right antimicrobial prophylaxis and emphasised to prevent drug resistance. Thus, we aimed to see the pattern of antibiotics prescribed in pre, intra and post-operative period to patients, who later developed SSIs.
Methodology: After local IEC-DHR approval, Data is collected using Retrospective Descriptive Type Study Design in tertiary care centre of government of Maharashtra. All patients’ medical records who undergone Surgeries performed in General Surgery, Obstetrics-Gynaecology, Orthopaedics Departments and later developed surgical site infections in post-operative period are included. Duration of Study is 6 Months (Jan’23 to Jun’23). Only antimicrobials used are recorded & Data from Prescriptions are analysed using latest versions of M.S.Excel.
Results: Total 71 case records are studied and Females found more. 19-30years of age patients are more. Antimicrobials of Third generation cephalosporins are used most frequently in Pre, Intra and post-op period. Among it, Inj. Ceftriaxone was prescribed more commonly as ‘Monocef’. Half of Antimicrobials are prescribed with Generic names and match Daily Defined Dose(DDD) recommended by WHO. Average duration of post-operative treatment was 12-13days. Antibiotics were prescribed till discharge to all.
Conclusion: In our study, case records of patients who later developed surgical site infections are studied to know Demographic profile. Type, Dose, Interval of Pre, Intra and Post-operative prophylaxis were according to ASP of India by ICMR. Prescription pattern is Most commonly Polypharmacy and Fixed Drug Combinations were preferred. I.V. was used more than P.O. Treatment modifications are done in 1/4th cases after microbiological reports of swabs of infected sites and this need to be increased.
A study on the division and determination of characteristic indexes of underground reservoirs under inclined bottom plates
Authors: Teng Xiaomin , Li Wanglin , Yu Shiqing , Li Xupeng 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT

In recent years, the slope of the bottom plate of the underground reservoir in the loose porous medium constructed in the middle and upper reaches of the river is relatively large, which makes the underground water surface incline to a certain slope as a whole, near-horizontal section will appear in front of the underground dam during continuous recharge. Given this situation, the definition and calculation of the characteristic index of the underground reservoir in line with the actual changes are carried out. The characteristic water level of the underground reservoir is defined based on the groundwater surface with a certain slope at the inclined level in the case of the lower dam (single dam) impoundment. The characteristic capacity is calculated through the water level at the typical section defined by the inclined surface. A new set of definition and calculation method based on the characteristic index of the underground reservoir with a dam on the inclined bottom plates is proposed and applied to the Rushan River underground reservoir, which more accurately reflects the water level change and the corresponding actual reservoir capacity during the operation of the underground reservoir.
AMAZÔNIA: SEM SOCIAL NÃO TEM AMBIENTAL
Authors: Scannavino Caetano 
Published: April 2024

O artigo examina as desigualdades que afetam a região Norte, especialmente no estado da Amazônia e as políticas que as fazem persistir. Aborda a necessidade de alianças e estratégias diferenciadas que compensem devidamente a logística onerosa e atendam aos contextos amazônicos. Apresenta o desafio de conciliar conservação, inclusão social, crescimento econômico e o desenvolvimento da Amazônia com o objetivo de propor soluções para o desenvolvimento econômico, social e ambiental da Amazônia brasileira.
Pharmacological and Therapeutic Potential of Berbamine: A Potent
Alkaloid from Genus Berberis
Authors: Muhammad Gulzar , Hussain Muhammad Ajaz , Shafiq Zahid , Ashraf Adnan , Shafique Umer , Khan Ajmal , Khalid Asaad , Hussain Javid , Al-Harrasi Ahmed 
Published: April 2024

Abstract:
Berbamine (Ber) is an active medicinal bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloid, which is usually obtained from different plants of the genus Berberis (family Berberidaceae) and is used to cure
various disorders in traditional Chinese and Ayurvedic systems of medicine. Numerous in-vitro
and in-vivo studies revealed the apoptotic and cytotoxic potential of Ber against different cell
lines (SMMC-7721, A549, MDA-MB-231, and K562) by upregulating pro-apoptotic (Bax, p53)
and downregulating anti-apoptotic (Bcl-2, survivin) proteins. Other pharmacological attributes
ascribed to Ber included cardioprotective, anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory, antimalarial, antioxidant, anti-hypercholesterolemic, and anti-allergic. Moreover, the synergistic effect of Ber improved the therapeutic potential of different drugs (paclitaxel (PTL), gemcitabine, dexamethasone, doxorubicin (DOX), and celecoxib) in different models. Various attempts could fabricate
biologically active derivatives of Ber, such as 4-chlorobenzoyl berbamine (CBB) and O-4-
ethoxyl-butyl-berbamine (EBB). The review focuses on the medicinal applications of Ber, particularly anti-cancer, cardioprotective, and anti-inflammatory, along with the mechanism of action.
Albiflorin Inhibits Advanced Glycation End Products-Induced ROS and
MMP-1 Expression in Gingival Fibroblasts
Authors: Gao Linlin , Fu Wenqi , Liu Yanyan , Fan Lili , Liu Shiwei , Zhang Nan 
Published: April 2024

Background:
Periodontitis is a common complication of diabetes, with advanced glycation
end products (AGEs) playing a key role in its pathogenesis. Albiflorin, a monoterpene glycoside,
has shown potential anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. This study aims to investigate
the effects of albiflorin on AGEs-induced gingival fibroblasts and its underlying mechanisms.

Objective:
This study aimed to evaluate the role of albiflorin in mitigating ROS production, inflammation,
and MMP-1 expression in AGEs-induced gingival fibroblasts.

Methods:
The viability of gingival fibroblasts treated with albiflorin and AGEs was assessed using
CCK-8 assays. ROS levels were measured by DCF staining, and the expression of inflammatory
markers and MMP-1 was evaluated by ELISA and qPCR. The involvement of the NF-κB and
Nrf2 pathways was examined by immunoblotting.

Results:
Albiflorin enhanced the viability of AGEs-induced gingival fibroblasts and reduced ROS
production. It also decreased the expression of IL-6, IL-8, RAGE, and MMP-1, suggesting an anti-
inflammatory effect. Mechanistically, albiflorin modulated the NF-κB and Nrf2 pathways in
AGEs-induced gingival fibroblasts.

Conclusion:
Albiflorin exhibited protective effects against AGEs-induced oxidative stress and inflammation
in gingival fibroblasts, highlighting its potential as a therapeutic agent for periodontitis
in diabetic patients. The modulation of the NF-κB and Nrf2 pathways by albiflorin provides insight
into its mechanism of action.
Exploration of Clinical Learning Challenges among Moroccan Undergraduate Nursing Students
Authors: Essfadi Hind , Khyati Abderahim , Abidi Omar , Radid Mohamed 
Published: April 2024

Background
Clinical learning is an essential component of nursing education. It strongly contributes to the acquisition of students’ clinical skills and enables them to link theory to practice. However, clinical learning is considered a challenging experience for undergraduate nursing students.

Objective
The study aimed to provide an in-depth understanding of the challenges experienced by undergraduate nursing students during their training in different clinical settings.

Methods
This study utilized a phenomenological qualitative design with data collected through semi-structured interviews. Thirty-four nursing students from the second and third years were interviewed between March and July 2023. The qualitative data were analyzed using thematic analysis following Braun and Clarke's six-step model.

Results and Discussion
The findings of the study revealed that all participants had experienced several challenges during their clinical learning, which had a negative impact on their skill development. As a result, four main themes emerged regarding the challenges associated with clinical learning, including the theory-practice gap, the unsupportive clinical environment, the lack of supervision and support, and the inappropriate scheduling of internships. Ultimately, all participants recognized the need for changes to be made to enhance learning in clinical settings.

Conclusion
The present study has concluded that Moroccan nursing students face numerous challenges when learning in clinical settings. This study contributes to the existing literature by providing guidelines for Moroccan nursing educators to effectively guide and support their students in clinical areas. Therefore, based on the findings of this study, further discussions regarding potential changes and future research can be conducted.
Examining Fetal Growth Biometrics and Last Menstrual Period Correlation in Minangkabau Ethnicity during Third Trimester Ultrasound
Authors: &#106 Yusrawati , Serudji Joserizal , Utama Bobby Indra , Sari Puspita 
Published: April 2024

Background
Fetal growth significantly impacts well-being and health outcomes at birth, exerting a profound influence on the occurrence of perinatal complications and mortality rates.

Aim
This study aims to establish normal fetal growth data based on biometric variations in the Minangkabau ethnic group.

Methods
An analytical cross-sectional study focusing on pregnant women who underwent pregnancy check-ups was conducted in December 2020.

Results
A total of 520 pregnant women had third trimester ultrasounds. Most were aged 21-39 with one parity, had a senior high school education, and were unemployed. The strongest correlation (R=0.86) was between the last menstrual period (LMP) and biparietal diameter (BPD), while the weakest (R=0.79) was between LMP and head length (HL). All variables were highly significant (p<0.05).

Conclusions
Fetal growth biometrics (BPD, FL, HC, AC, and HL) were associated with LMP of third trimester ultrasound pregnancy on Minangkabau ethnic.
Analysis of Coping Strategies and Self-Stigma Among People Living with HIV (PLHIV): A Cross Sectional Study
Authors: Amal Ahmad Ikhlasul , Sukartini Tintin , Kurniawati Ninuk Dian , Sulistyaningsih Dwi Retno , Suyanto Suyanto , Wahyuningsih Indah Sri 
Published: April 2024

Introduction
People living with HIV (PLHIV) generally experience physical and psychological stress, often including self-stigma, which impedes their ability to seek treatment and reveal their status. Implementing effective coping strategies helps them manage these impacts on well-being. However, research that explores coping strategies and self-stigma in newly diagnosed people with HIV in Indonesia is still limited.

Objective
This study aimed to investigate the relationship between coping strategies and self-stigma in people living with HIV.

Methods
This cross-sectional study was conducted at the Poncol and Halmahera Public Health Centers in Semarang City, Indonesia, involving 150 PLHIV diagnosed for no more than one year. This study used the Way of Coping Questionnaire and Self-Stigma Questionnaire as instruments. Data were analyzed using the Sommers test.

Results
The majority of respondents, accounting for 64.7%, had low coping strategies, while 74% experienced self-stigma in the high category. The correlation test results revealed a p-value of 0.001 with a correlation strength of 0.375, falling within the moderate category.

Conclusion
It is concluded that there is a relationship between coping strategies and self-stigma among PLHIV.
Electrocardiogram-based Emotion Recognition using Convolutional Neural Networks
Authors: Rahul Mayur , Tyagi Devvrat , Kumar Rajesh , Khan Mohammad Ilyas , Pal Parashu ram , Yadav Vikash 
Published: April 2024

Introduction:
Electrocardiogram-based facial emotion identification has been a widely
spread field in the last few decades. Due to its non-linearity, non-stationary and noisy properties, it
is a very difficult job to create a framework that is capable of recognizing emotions with a high
recognition rate.

background:
Electrocardiogram based facial emotion identification has been widely spread field in last some decades. Due to its non-linearity, non-stationary and noisy properties, it is very difficult job to create a framework that is capable of recognizing emotions with high recognition rate.

Method:
In this work, we introduce a new framework for facial emotion detection based on feature
creation using a topographic representation of ECG signal properties. The feature map is created
using deep learning techniques, and further, extricated features are then used for classification
techniques to detect facial emotion recognition.

Result:
The recognition results are achieved on two publicly available facial expression datasets,
i.e., Ascertain and Dreamer. We illustrated the usefulness of our framework by comparing results
with other existing methods.

Conclusion:
The recognition results prove that the introduced framework can enhance the identifying
rate on various given datasets.
Superhydrophobic Materials for Self-cleaning Applications: A Review
Authors: Li Zijie , Tang Jinjing , Xia Youtao , Liu Jiangnan , Duan Haichao , Yang Daolong 
Published: April 2024

Abstract:
Since the discovery of the “lotus effect,” the superhydrophobic structure of
the research is more and more profound. When the droplets fall on the surface, it will
not occur as a wetting phenomenon. Making full use of this feature will achieve the
self-cleaning effect of the object surface. In the dust filtration problem, it is possible
to spray superhydrophobic materials on the surface of the equipment using superhydrophobic
self-cleaning characteristics to change the filtering method and to improve
the self-cleaning efficiency. This paper describes the methods of preparing superhydrophobic
materials, self-cleaning methods, and the application of superhydrophobic
materials in the field of self-cleaning. Based on the summary of patents and papers,
this paper focuses on the filtration and self-cleaning effect of superhydrophobic materials
on dust particles in humid environments. With a simple structure, high filtration
efficiency, and long service life, the super sparse/hydrophilic hybrid mesh can work
continuously without manual operation. It can effectively filter dust particles and improve
air quality in humid environments. Coal powder condensation experiments in
this paper proved that the application of superhydrophobic materials in the field of
self-cleaning yielded significant results. When superhydrophobic materials are
sprayed on copper-based filters, the hydrophilic line mixes with the hydrophobic region,
greatly improving the self-cleaning efficiency.
Theoretical and Numerical Investigation of the Effective Mechanical Properties of an Arc Star-Shaped Auxetic Honeycomb
Authors: Huang Q.W. , Zhang H.H. , Ji X.L. , Han S.Y. 
Published: April 2024

Background:
Auxetic honeycombs have attracted a lot of attention due to
their excellent properties, including lightweight, and outstanding impact resistance
and energy absorption.

Methods:
This study focuses on a new type of arc star-shaped honeycomb (ASSH) by
replacing the tip angles of the classical star-shaped honeycomb (SSH) with curved
edges. The theoretical expressions of the effective Poisson’s ratio and Young’s modulus
are deduced by using the Timoshenko beam theory and energy method. Furthermore,
the numerical model is also established through the Finite Element Method
(FEM); then, both the analytical and computational approaches are adopted to conduct
parametric analysis.

Results:
It was found that the effective mechanical properties obtained by theoretical
analysis and the FEM are consistent with each other, and ASSH bears tunable effective
Poisson’s ratio and Young’s modulus under varying geometric configurations.

Conclusion:
The present work may provide some guidance for the design and analysis
of future auxetic honeycombs.
The Body Hack: Bringing the mRNA of COVID-19 Vaccines to the Right Cells at the Right Places
Authors: Boretti Alberto 
Published: April 2024

Background:
mRNA COVID-19 vaccines employ messenger RNA (mRNA) to convey
instructions to cells in our bodies, prompting them to generate a viral protein. These vaccines are
administered via injection, typically into the upper arm muscle. The mRNA is encapsulated within
lipid nanoparticles, safeguarding it and facilitating its entry into cells.

Method:
The literature about the specific cells and places where the mRNA of COVID-19 vaccines
is supposed to work following injection in the upper arm is reviewed.

Results:
The pre-COVID-19 literature indicates that the absorption of mRNA primarily takes place
not at the injection site in the arm muscle, but rather in the lymph nodes downstream from the injection
site and in the spleen. Lipid nanoparticles could potentially accumulate in the liver as well. As
the narrative promoted by Western media and authorities claims that the mRNA is immediately released
by the lipidic nanoparticles and exclusively operates within specific cells at the injection site
before being quickly discharged, consequently, the post-COVID-19 literature has become less explicit
on this matter, as censorship has hampered open discussion within the scientific community.

Conclusions:
The mRNA of COVID-19 vaccines has always been supposed to work in the lymph
nodes downstream of the place of injection and the spleen. This may explain the large number of
unintended effects recorded following administration of mRNA COVID-19 vaccines.
Long-term COVID-19 Complications and Relevant Outcomes in Severe COVID-19 Survivors
Authors: Adeli Seyed-Hasan , Shahhamzeh Alireza , Tabarraii Reihane , Salehi Minoo , Hojatizadeh Nahid , Esmaelitaba Seyed Mohammad Sadegh , Habibi Mohamad Amin , Ahmadpour Sajjad , Modarres Mehdi Pezeshgi 
Published: April 2024

Background:
Long-term lung sequelae in patients who survived after severe COVID-19 are
not clear. This study aims to evaluate complications and relevant outcomes of COVID-19 survivors
within 6 months follow-up after discharge from the hospital.

Methods:
This study is a cohort of 50 patients with severe COVID-19 hospitalized in the intensive care
unit (ICU) in 2020-2021 at Shahid Beheshti Hospital, Qom, Iran. The nasopharyngeal swab and reverse-
transcription real-time PCR (RT-qPCR) assay were used to confirm COVID-19 in subjects. We
used a checklist that compared symptoms, laboratory findings, and lung radiograph findings for patients
at the time of admission and within 6 months follow-up after discharge from the hospital. The
chest CT scans were used to verify lung involvement. The renal and liver function were assessed using
alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), blood
urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine (Cr), and bilirubin.

Results:
50 patients out of 384 participants who were hospitalized with severe COVID-19 were followed
up within 6 months after discharge from the hospital. Findings revealed that, during the followup
period, all clinical symptoms, except GI bleeding (p = 0.155), were significantly lower than the
admission time (p < 0.001). Also, the mean of laboratory findings, including lymphocyte, neutrophil,
lactate dehydrogenase, international normalized ratio, prothrombin, partial thromboplastin time, ESR,
and CRP, were significantly lower than admission time (p < 0.001). Also, the mean of alanine transaminase
(ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) between the admission and discharge time were
significantly different (p < 0.001). Within 6 months of follow-up after discharge, the frequency of
ground glass opacities, crazy paving, consolidation, spider web sign, and vascular thickening were
significantly lower than in the admission time.

Conclusion:
Our findings revealed that among severe COVID-19 survivors, liver outcomes, inflammation,
and clinical factors returned to normal range within 6 months of follow-up after discharge from the hospital.
Also, during this period, the radiological findings were significantly lower than in the admission time.
Motivational Variables as Moderating Effects of a Web-Based Mental Health Program for University Students: Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Hanano Maria , Rith-Najarian Leslie , Gong-Guy Elizabeth , Chavira Denise 
Published: April 2024

Background
Self-guided web-based interventions have the potential of addressing help-seeking barriers and symptoms common among university students, such as depression and anxiety. Unfortunately, self-guided interventions are also associated with less adherence, implicating motivation as a potential moderator for adherence and improvement for such interventions. Previous studies examining motivation as a moderator or predictor of improvement on web-based interventions have defined and measured motivation variably, producing conflicting results.

Objective
This secondary analysis of data from a randomized controlled trial aimed to examine constructs of motivation as moderators of improvement for a self-guided 8-week web-based intervention in university students (N=1607).

Methods
Tested moderators included internal motivation, external motivation, and confidence in treatment derived from the Treatment Motivation Questionnaire. The primary outcome was an improvement in depression and anxiety measured by the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21.

Results
Piecewise linear mixed effects models showed that internal motivation significantly moderated symptom change for the intervention group (t1504=–2.94; P=.003) at average and high (+1 SD) motivation levels (t1507=–2.28; P=.02 and t1507=–4.05; P<.001, respectively). Significant results remained even after controlling for baseline severity. The results showed that confidence in treatment did not significantly moderate symptom change for the intervention group (t1504=1.44; P=.15). In this sample, only internal motivation was positively correlated with service initiation, intervention adherence, and intervention satisfaction.

Conclusions
The combination of a web-based intervention and high or moderate internal motivation resulted in greater improvement in the total Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21 score. These findings highlight the importance of conceptually differentiating motivation-related constructs when examining moderators of improvement. The results suggest that the combination of a web-based intervention and high or moderate internal motivation results in greater improvement. These findings highlight the importance of conceptually differentiating motivation-related constructs when examining moderators of improvement. To better understand the moderating role of internal motivation, future research is encouraged to replicate these findings in diverse samples as well as to examine related constructs such as baseline severity and adherence. Understanding these characteristics informs treatment strategies to maximize adherence and improvement when developing web-based interventions as well as allows services to be targeted to individuals likely to benefit from such interventions.

Trial Registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04361045; https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT04361045