bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Responsible leadership? Development of CSR at danfoss, Denmark
Authors: Lehmann Martin , Toh ImnLin , Christensen Per , Ma Rufei 
Published: May 2010

AbstractResponsible leadership is not just about creating value for shareholders. This viewpoint has created significant challenges to the field of leadership and strategic management but has also generated opportunities for businesses to distinguish themselves positively in the eyes of stakeholders. The Danfoss Group, Denmark, is one such business, now at an advanced stage of CSR development focusing both on Products & Processes and Employee Relations. This development has been a gradual progression influenced by environmental and labor market issues, climate change, its commitment to the UN Global Compact, and a profound learning capacity. The current financial crisis has not impeded implementation of CSR initiatives, but rather has provided an opportunity to ‘walk‐the‐talk’. This underlines that the CSR policies are in place because Danfoss, its owners, and its managers feel it is the right thing to do and that responsible leadership indeed does entail more than just creating short‐term value for owners. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment.
Zinc fixation preserves flow cytometry scatter and fluorescence parameters and allows simultaneous analysis of DNA content and synthesis, and intracellular and surface epitopes
Authors: Jensen Uffe Birk , Owens David M. , Pedersen Søren , Christensen Rikke 
Published: May 2010

AbstractZinc salt‐based fixation (ZBF) has proved advantageous in histochemical analyses conducted on intact tissues but has not been exploited in flow cytometry procedures that focus on quantitative analysis of individual cells. Here, we show that ZBF performs equally well to paraformaldehyde in the preservation of surface epitope labeling and forward and side scatter parameters as measured by flow cytometry. ZBF‐fixed mouse epithelial keratinocytes exhibit a staining pattern for the surface markers Sca‐1, CD34 and α6 integrin that is highly analogous to live cells. Furthermore, ZBF also preserves DNA allowing subsequent quantitative PCR analysis or labeling for incorporation of the thymidine analog EdU following surface and intracellular epitope staining. Finally, ZBF treatment allows for long‐term storage of labeled cells with little change in these parameters. Thus, we present a protocol for zinc salt fixation of cells that allows for the simultaneous analysis of DNA and intracellular and cell surface proteins by flow cytometry. © 2010 International Society for Advancement of Cytometry
Oral anticoagulant treatment and risk for bone fractures in uremic hemodialysed patients
Authors: Griveas I. , Gompou A. , Kyritsis E. , Agroyannis I. , Tsakoniatis M. , Agroyannis B. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractVitamin K is involved in bone metabolism, and the clinical use of vitamin K antagonists as an anticoagulant may increase the risk of bone fracture. In our renal unit, approximately 140 uremic patients were hemodialyzed. From these patients, 11 have been under anticoagulant treatment for a long time. For the last 2 years, 5 patients presented with bone fracture, and 4 of them were undergoing oral anticoagulant treatment (acenocoumarol 1 mg daily). The dose was modified according to international normalized ratio (INR) units. The use of vitamin K antagonists as anticoagulants has been considered a cause of bleeding and is related to low bone‐mineral density and a high risk of fracture. In our data, the number of patients who received oral anticoagulants (11 patients) and the number of them who presented with bone fracture (4 patients) raises the suspicion that there is an association between anticoagulant treatments and bone fractures.
HLA‐matched kidney transplantation in the era of modern immunosuppressive therapy
Authors: Amatya Arun , Florman Sandy , Paramesh Anil , Amatya Anup , McGee Jennifer , Killackey Mary , Ren Quing , Alper Brent , Heneghan Jean , Simon Eric , Sullivan Karen , Slakey Douglas , Zhang Rubin 
Published: May 2010

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe effect of HLA match on renal graft survival has become controversial as has the policy of mandatory sharing of kidneys.METHODWe performed a retrospective analysis of HLA matched (M) and mismatched (MM) kidney transplants in our center. Tacrolimus, mycophenolic acid, and steroids were used as maintenance therapy and basiliximab induction was added for high‐risk patients.RESULTA total of 229 kidney transplants were included with median follow‐up of 5.1 years. The 5‐year death‐censored graft survival by Kaplan‐Meier method was significantly higher in the M group than in the MM group for deceased‐donor kidney transplants (log‐rank, p = .018). This graft survival advantage was detected in patients with a peak panel reactive antibody (PRA) greater than 20% (p = .023), but not in those with a PRA level of less than 20% (p = .32). The graft survival was not statistically different for live donor kidney transplants (p = .077). A mismatched kidney was an independent risk for graft loss (hazard ratio: 2.27, 95% confidence interval: 1.009–5.09, p = .047) and acute rejection was a significant cause of graft loss in mismatched deceased‐donor transplants (p = .035).CONCLUSIONAcute rejection remains a significant cause of graft loss in HLA‐6‐antigen mismatched deceased‐donor kidney transplants. Our data support mandatory sharing of HLA‐matched kidneys in sensitized patients with a PRA level greater than 20%.
Donor perspectives in living kidney transplantation
Authors: Rana T. A. , Akoh J. A. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractOBJECTIVEThe aim of this study was to determine the overall experience of living kidney donors.METHODSAll 80 kidney donors at a teaching hospital between 2003 and 2008 were sent a postal questionnaire to determine the level of satisfaction with the kidney donation process, including post‐operative pain and return to fitness after surgery.RESULTSA total of 56 donors returned the questionnaires. The average loss of earnings in 29 donors was £995.17 6 £297.03. A total of 52 donors (93%) rated their overall experience as excellent or good, 55 donors (98%) had no regrets about donation, and 26 donors (46%) would have considered altruistic donation if they were unable to donate to their intended recipient. Qualitative analysis of responses showed a positive attitude to organ donation, with a willingness to encourage others, a request for chat facilities on the unit's website, and a more regular follow‐up.DISCUSSIONLiving kidney donors were generally satisfied with the organ donation process and likely to recommend it to others. The issue of compensation for loss of earnings must be addressed in order to encourage other potential donors. Perhaps other potential donors withdrawing from the assessment process due to inability to donate to their intended recipient should be counseled about altruistic non‐directed donation.
High infectious risk organ donors in kidney transplantation: Risks, benefits, and current practices
Authors: Kucirka Lauren M. , Dagher Nabil N. , Montgomery Robert A. , Segev Dorry L. , Singer Andrew L. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractApproximately 9% of deceased kidney donors are classified by the Centers for Disease Control as high infectious risk donors (HRDs), donors thought to be at increased risk for having HIV infection. While the use of HRDs expands the organ supply, there is a small risk of infectious transmission. All donors are tested for antibodies to a variety of viral infections including HIV, hepatitis C virus (HCV), and hepatitis B virus; however, infections acquired in the weeks to months before death may not be serologically detectable, but will likely be transmitted to the recipient. Nucleic acid testing (NAT) shortens the window between acquisition of infection and serologic detectability, from approximately 22 days to 9 days for HIV and from 66 days to 7 days for HCV. Nucleic acid testing has not been universally adopted because it is expensive, time consuming, and has a higher rate of false positives compared with an enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), which might lead to discarding viable organs. Further studies are needed to quantify the risk of infectious transmission from HRDs, identify patients on the waitlist who would most benefit from HRD receipt, and guide NAT policies.
Characteristic cytologic findings of epithelioid hemangioendothelioma: A case report and review of literature
Authors: Kurisu Yoshitaka , Tsuji Motomu , Kuwabara Hiroko , Shibayama Yuro 
Published: May 2010

AbstractEpithelioid hemangioendothelioma is a rare vascular neoplasm of low‐grade malignancy. We observed a case of epithelioid hemangioendothelioma arising in a cervical lymph node. Fine needle aspiration cytology showed several characteristic findings of epithelioid hemangioendothelioma, that is, nuclear inclusion bodies, nuclear grooves, and amorphous material, in addition to physaliform chromatin pattern of a new clue. By reviewing the reports, the prevalence of these is clarified. Complex appearance of these findings is useful in the diagnosis. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2011;39:124–127. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Influence of measuring cable on lightning impulse parameters
Authors: Sato Shuji , Yamaguchi Toshihisa , Nishimura Seisuke , Nishimura Shota 
Published: May 2010

AbstractThe influences of coaxial measuring cables on waveform parameters have been neglected in lightning impulse measurements. This is partly because the tolerable uncertainty for determining the front timeT1in the reference measuring system is 3% and the induced influence due to using a long measuring cable is expected to be much smaller than the margin. The authors have suspected the validity of the expectation as a result of experience. This paper proposes an analytical treatment of the impulse response at the end of a lossy measuring cable. Using the proposed technique, the measured parameter errors are compared to numerically evaluated ones and it is confirmed that the two are in good agreement. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electron Comm Jpn, 93(6): 1–7, 2010; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/ecj.10288
Long peptides induce polyfunctional T cells against conserved regions of HIV‐1 with superior breadth to single‐gene vaccines in macaques
Authors: Rosario Maximillian , Bridgeman Anne , Quakkelaar Esther D. , Quigley Maire F. , Hill Brenna J. , Knudsen Maria L. , Ammendola Virginia , Ljungberg Karl , Borthwick Nicola , Im Eung‐Jun , McMichael Andrew J. , Drijfhout Jan W. , Greenaway Hui Yee , Venturi Vanessa , Douek Daniel C. , Colloca Stefano , Liljeström Peter , Nicosia Alfredo , Price David A. , Melief Cornelis J. M. , Hanke Tomás̆ 
Published: May 2010

AbstractA novel T‐cell vaccine strategy designed to deal with the enormity of HIV‐1 variation is described and tested for the first time in macaques to inform and complement approaching clinical trials. T‐cell immunogen HIVconsv, which directs vaccine‐induced responses to the most conserved regions of the HIV‐1, proteome and thus both targets diverse clades in the population and reduces the chance of escape in infected individuals, was delivered using six different vaccine modalities: plasmid DNA (D), attenuated human (A) and chimpanzee (C) adenoviruses, modified vaccinia virus Ankara (M), synthetic long peptides, and Semliki Forest virus replicons. We confirmed that the initial DDDAM regimen, which mimics one of the clinical schedules (DDDCM), is highly immunogenic in macaques. Furthermore, adjuvanted synthetic long peptides divided into sub‐pools and delivered into anatomically separate sites induced T‐cell responses that were markedly broader than those elicited by traditional single‐open‐reading‐frame genetic vaccines and increased by 30% the overall response magnitude compared with DDDAM. Thus, by improving both the HIV‐1‐derived immunogen and vector regimen/delivery, this approach could induce stronger, broader, and theoretically more protective T‐cell responses than vaccines previously used in humans.
Chain‐Type Lithium Rare‐Earth Nitridosilicates – Li5Ln5Si4N12 with Ln = La, Ce
Authors: Lupart Saskia , Zeuner Martin , Pagano Sandro , Schnick Wolfgang 
Published: May 2010

AbstractThe quaternary lithium rare‐earth nitridosilicates Li5Ln5Si4N12 with Ln = La, Ce were synthesized at moderate temperatures below 900 °C in closed tantalum ampoules employing liquid lithium as a flux. Thereby, nitridosilicate substructures with a low degree of condensation were obtained. The air and moisture sensitive title compounds are the first representatives of quaternary lithium rare‐earth nitridosilicates and crystallize in space group P$\bar {4}$b2 [Li5La5Si4N12: a = 1104.28(16), c = 557.30(11) pm, Z = 2, R1 = 0.0498, 873 data, 56 parameters; Li5Ce5Si4N12: a = 1097.78(16), c = 551.43(11) pm, Z = 2, R1 = 0.0334, 748 data, 56 parameters]. The nitridosilicate substructure consists of infinite nonbranched zweier single‐chains of vertex sharing SiN4 tetrahedra running parallel to [001]. The chains exhibit a stretching factor fS = 0.981 for La and 0.977 for Ce, respectively. The two crystallographically independent Li+ sites are each coordinated by four nitrogen atoms. Lattice energy calculations (MAPLE) and EDX measurements confirmed the electrostatic bonding interactions and the chemical compositions. For the La containing compound 7Li solid‐state MAS NMR investigations are reported.
Enantioselective Synthesis of (+)‐α‐Conhydrine and (–)‐Sedamine by L‐Proline‐Catalysed α‐Aminooxylation
Authors: Shaikh Tanveer Mahamadali , Sudalai Arumugam 
Published: May 2010

AbstractAn efficient organocatalytic approach to the enantioslective synthesis of two important piperidine alkaloids, namely (+)‐α‐conhydrine (98 % ee) and (–)‐sedamine (95 % ee), by L‐proline‐catalysed α‐aminooxylation of aldehydes has been developed. The strategy involves an intramolecular cyclization to construct the piperidine core.
Versatile Access to 2‐Aminocyclobutene‐1‐carboxylic Acid Derivatives and Their Incorporation into Small Peptides
Authors: de Meijere Armin , Limbach Michael , Janssen André , Lygin Alexander , Korotkov Vadim S. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractUnder a newly developed set of mild conditions [EtN(iPr)2, LiI, DMF, 20 °C, 3 d], methyl 2‐chloro‐2‐cyclopropylideneacetate (1) smoothly undergoes Michael addition ofvarious benzylamines (4 examples) with ensuing ring enlargement and elimination to give in very good yields (81–99 %) the correspondingly substituted methyl 2‐(benzylamino)cyclobutenecarboxylates 3a–d, which were subsequently converted into the N‐Boc‐protected derivatives 4a–d. After hydrolysis of the esters, the free β‐amino acids 5a,b were cleanly condensed with the methyl esters of glycine, (S)‐proline, (S)‐phenylglycine and (S)‐tryptophan to give the dipeptides 6a–8a, 9b in 58–89 % yield. The cyclic dipeptides 15e,f, consisting of a 2‐aminocyclobutenecarboxylic acid and a glycine fragment, were obtained in 38 and 45 % yield, respectively, upon treatment of the spirocyclopropanated chlorohexahydrodiazepinediones 10e,f with sodium cyanide in DMSO at elevated temperatures. Palladium‐catalyzed hydrogenation of 4a afforded methyl N‐Boc‐2‐aminocyclobutanecarboxylate 19 as a mixture of cis and trans isomers.
4‐Isoxazolines: Scaffolds for Organic Synthesis
Authors: Pinho e Melo Teresa M. V. D. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractThis review provides coverage of the more relevant contributions to the synthesis and reactivity of 4‐isoxazolines (2,3‐dihydroisoxazoles). The richness of the reactivity of these heterocycles makes them interesting building blocks for the synthesis of both cyclic and acyclic compounds.
Indium Triiodide Catalyzed Direct Hydroallylation of Esters
Authors: Nishimoto Yoshihiro , Inamoto Yoshihiro , Saito Takahiro , Yasuda Makoto , Baba Akio 
Published: May 2010

AbstractThe InI3‐catalyzed hydroallylation of esters by using hydro‐ and allysilanes under mild conditions has been accomplished. Many significant groups such as alkenyl, alkynyl, cyano, and nitro ones survive under these conditions. This reaction system provided routes to both homoallylic alcohols and ethers, in which either elimination of the alkoxy moiety or of the carbonyl oxygen atom could be freely selected by changing the substituents on the alkoxy moiety and on the hydrosilane. In addition, the hydroallylation of lactones took place without ring cleavage to produce the desired cyclic ethers in high yields.
Names will never hurt me? Naming and the development of racial and gender categories in preschool‐aged children
Authors: Waxman Sandra R. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractFor children as well as adults, object categories (e.g., dog, animal, car, vehicle) serve as a rich base for inductive inferences. Here, we examine children's inferences regarding categories of people. We showed 4‐year‐old children a picture of an individual (e.g., a white woman), taught them a novel property of the individual (e.g., is good at a new game called zaggit), and examined children's projections of that property to other individuals. Experiment 1 revealed that children used the broad category person as an inductive base: they extended the novel property to other people, regardless of their race or gender, but not to non‐human animals or artifacts. However, naming prompted children to use more specific social categories as an inductive base. When the target individual was identified as a member of a named, novel social category, children were more likely to extend the property to members of the same race‐based (Experiment 2) or gender‐based (Experiment 3) category as the target. Implications of naming in children's formation of social categories based on race or gender are discussed, and the consequences on the emergence of stereotypes are considered. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Cultural values and outgroup negativity: A cross‐cultural analysis of early and late adolescents
Authors: Schiefer David , Möllering Anna , Daniel Ella , Benish‐Weisman Maya , Boehnke Klaus 
Published: May 2010

AbstractBased on Schwartz' theory of cultural values, the present research tested whether the level of outgroup negativity among adolescents is influenced by the preferred values shared by the individual's cultural group. Furthermore, it was expected that this correspondence increases during adolescence, due to (individual and social) identity development in that age period. Measures of cultural values as well as derogatory attitudes towards outgroups were administered to young (age 9‐12) and older (age 15‐18) adolescents in Germany (Native Germans, Turkish and Former Soviet Union immigrants) and Israel (Native Israelis, Former Soviet Union immigrants, Arab Israelis). Data were analysed on both the individual and the group level. Results confirm the hypothesis that cultural values are associated with outgroup negativity, especially for the culture‐level value dimension of hierarchy versus egalitarianism. Both the degree to which a cultural group prefers one value and the degree to which the individual accepts this value for itself are influential for the level of outgroup negativity. On both levels of analyses, our data show that the relationship between the culture‐level value dimension of hierarchy versus egalitarianism and outgroup negativity is stronger among older compared to younger adolescents. Our data imply that the cultural context an individual lives in needs more attention when examining origins of outgroup negativity among adolescents. Furthermore, it is argued that relationships between outgroup negativity and relevant predictors undergo crucial changes during adolescence. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
When personal identities confirm versus conflict with group identities: Evidence from an intergroup paradigm
Authors: Patterson Meagan M. , Bigler Rebecca S. , Swann William B. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractThis study provides an experimental investigation of the consequences of conflict between children's personal identities and experimentally manipulated group identities. Elementary‐school‐aged children (N = 82, ages 5–11) attending a summer school program rated their own academic and athletic abilities and were then randomly assigned to one of two novel groups. Children's views of the academic and athletic skills of the novel groups were assessed both before and after information about the groups' academic and athletic skills was manipulated via posters placed in their classrooms. Following the manipulation, children's self‐views, ingroup identification, and intergroup attitudes were assessed. Results indicated that (a) in the absence of information about the novel groups, children projected their personal identities onto their ingroup identities, (b) children maintained their ingroup identities in the face of new information that should have altered their ingroup identities, and (c) more positive personal identities predicted ingroup bias, which in turn predicted happiness with one's ingroup membership. The latter finding suggests that a tendency for children to generalize from their idiosyncratic positive self‐views, rather than an indiscriminate desire for self‐enhancement or positivity, may be responsible for ingroup bias. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Knowing who likes who: The early developmental basis of coalition understanding
Authors: Platten Lara , Hernik Mikołaj , Fonagy Peter , Fearon R. Pasco 
Published: May 2010

AbstractGroup biases based on broad category membership appear early in human development. However, like many other primates humans inhabit social worlds also characterised by small groups of social coalitions which are not demarcated by visible signs or social markers. A critical cognitive challenge for a young child is thus how to extract information concerning coalition structure when coalitions are dynamic and may lack stable and outwardly visible cues to membership. Therefore, the ability to decode behavioural cues of affiliations present in everyday social interactions between individuals would have conferred powerful selective advantages during our evolution. This would suggest that such an ability may emerge early in life, however, little research has investigated the developmental origins of such processing. The present paper will review recent empirical research which indicates that in the first 2 years of life infants achieve a host of social‐cognitive abilities that make them well adapted to processing coalition‐affiliations of others. We suggest that such an approach can be applied to better understand the origins of intergroup attitudes and biases. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Origins of intergroup bias: Developmental and social cognitive research on intergroup attitudes
Authors: Dunham Yarrow , Degner Juliane 
Published: May 2010

AbstractPrejudice and stereotyping are central to research and theorizing in social psychology. Yet, all too often this work tacitly assumes that these phenomena spring into existence fully formed in adults. This special issue originates from the need to integrate adult social psychological approaches with developmental inquiry into the ontogenetic and phylogenetic origins of prejudice and stereotyping. The diverse set of nine papers in this special issue demonstrates the utility of this interdisciplinary approach. In this introduction, we make the case for giving developmental research a seat at the social psychological table, and briefly summarize the contributions contained in this special issue. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.