bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Randomized Trial of a “Talking Computer” to Improve Adults' Eating Habits
Authors: Delichatsios Helen K. , Friedman Robert H. , Glanz Karen , Tennstedt Sharon , Smigelski Charles , Pinto Bernardine M. , Kelley Heather , Gillman Matthew W. 
Published: December 2011

Purpose. To assess efficacy of an intervention delivered by an interactive, computer-controlled telephone system to improve individuals' diets. Design. Randomized controlled trial. Setting. Large multispecialty group practice. Subjects. Two hundred ninety-eight adults who were both sedentary and had suboptimal diet quality. Intervention. Weekly communication for 6 months via a totally automated, computer-based voice system. Among intervention group subjects, the system monitored dietary habits and provided educational feedback, advice, and behavioral counseling. Control group subjects received physical activity promotion counseling. Measures. Daily intake of fruits, vegetables, red and processed meats, whole fat dairy foods, and whole grain foods estimated from a food frequency questionnaire. Results. Mean age 45.9 years, 72 % women, 45 % white, and 45 % African-American. Among participants who completed diet assessments, compared with the control group, the intervention raised fruit intake a mean of 1.1 servings per day (95 % confidence interval [CI] .4, 1. 7). On a 0 to 100 global diet quality score combining all five food groups, intervention participants improved their mean score 9 (95 % 4 CI 13) points more than in the control group. The intervention also raised dietary fiber intake 4.0 g/d (95 % CI .1, 7.8) and decreased saturated fat, as a proportion of energy intake, by 1.7% (95% CI −2.7, −.7). Conclusions. This computer-based telecommunications dietary behavior intervention helped improve participants' overall diet.
In vivo Assessment of Higher-Order Aberrations after Acrysof Toric Intraocular Lens Implantation: A Comparative Study
Authors: Scialdone Antonio , Raimondi Giulia , Monaco Gaspare 
Published: December 2011

Purpose To compare higher-order aberrations (HOAs) and optical quality in eyes implanted with AcrySof SN60TT toric intraocular lens (IOL) or with non-toric AcrySof SN60AT IOL (Alcon Laboratories, Inc., Fort Worth, TX). Methods This was a prospective, consecutive, nonrandomized, interventional, comparative study. One hundred eyes with cataract in 56 patients were included (SN60TT group, n=50; SN60AT group, n=50). Patients underwent phacoemulsification through a 2.2-mm temporal corneal incision. Postoperative HOAs, point spread function (PSF) and modulation transfer function (MTF), residual objective refractive astigmatism, and IOL alignment were evaluated using Optical Path Difference (OPD)–Scan II (Nidek, Gamagori, Japan). A novel technique to calculate IOL axis alignment was introduced. Results One year postoperatively, no statistical difference in corneal, intraocular, and total HOAs, Strehl ratio, and MTF based on HOAs was found between groups. Toric IOL patients had a net residual refractive astigmatism (M) of 0.44 D±0.47; the difference between expected and obtained astigmatism (M) was 0.043 D (p=0.16). Toric IOL axis misalignment was 2.65±2.39 degrees and no correlation with HOAs was found. Conclusions AcrySof SN60TT determines HOAs comparable to the non-toric version providing a good optical quality, and predictably corrects corneal cylinder with a stable postoperative alignment. The OPD-Scan II might be regarded as a fast and reliable method of toric IOL analysis.
Hematuria One Stop Clinic: First Experience in Italy with 150 Cases
Authors: Carmignani Luca , Bozzini Giorgio , Nicosia Vincenzo , Consentino Massimo , Picozzi Stefano , Casellato Stefano , Lunelli Luca 
Published: December 2011

Objectives Starting from the UK experience, we decided to test both the feasibility and the advantages of this diagnostic pathway now established in an Italian hospital. We analyzed the outcomes in detecting transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) of the bladder, other malignant and non-malignant conditions. Materials an d Methods Between April and December 2010, one hundred and fifty patients presenting with hematuria were referred to the Hematuria One Stop Clinic (HOSC) at our Institution. Each patient underwent a visit, a Urinary Tract Ultrasound, a Cystoscopy and CT IVP in selected cases (evidence of alterations or lesions of the renal parenchyma, presence of stones of the urinary tract, evidence of doubtful or positive urinary cytology). Where a TCC of the bladder was diagnosed, the patient underwent TURBT In other cases (stones, BPH etc.) the appropriate therapeutic pathway was followed. Results 25.3% of patients with hematuria were found to have a bladder cancer; 21.3% had a urinary stone (2% in the bladder); 1.3% had prostate cancer; 1.3% had a renal cell carcinoma. The mean age was 69.8 yrs. 6% of the patients (23.6% on patients with TCC of the bladder) had a G3 disease. The mean time from admission to the HOSC until the operation day, in case of TCC of the bladder, was 10.61 days. Conclusions The Italian experience of the One Stop Clinic confirms a high rate of bladder cancer detection. Furthermore, a high rate of non-malignant conditions was detected, stressing the importance of the HOSC not only as a cancer clinic but as a complete general urological clinic. We report a shorter waiting time to operation, especially for bladder TCC G3 patients.
Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis May Be a Disease of Recurrent, Tractional Injury to the Periphery of the Aging Lung: A Unifying Hypothesis Regarding Etiology and Pathogenesis
Authors: Leslie Kevin O. 
Published: December 2011

Context.—Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis is a progressive, fatal lung disease occurring in older individuals. Despite 50 years of accrued data about the disease, little progress has been made in slowing functional loss or in decreasing patient mortality.
Objective.—To present a novel hypothesis on the etiology and pathogenesis of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.
Design.—Published data are reviewed regarding the epidemiology, clinical presentation, natural history, radiologic findings, and pathologic findings in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.
Results.—Patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis may be predisposed genetically to tractional injury to the peripheral lung. The result is recurrent damage to the epithelial-mesenchymal interface, preferentially at the outer edges of the basilar lung lobules where tractional stress is high during inspiration, compliance is relatively low, and there is a greater tendency for alveolar collapse at end-expiration. A distinctive “reticular network of injury” (the fibroblast focus) forms, attended by a prolonged phase of wound repair (tear and slow repair). Discrete areas of alveolar collapse are observed in scar at the periphery of the lung lobules. The cycle repeats over many years resulting in progressive fibrous remodeling and replacement of the alveoli in a lobule by bronchiolar cysts surrounded by scar (honeycomb lung). Abnormalities in surfactant function are proposed as a potential mechanism of initial lung damage. Age of onset may be a function of a required threshold of environmental exposures (eg, cigarette smoking) or other comorbid injury to the aging lung.
Conclusions.—Evidence supporting this hypothesis is presented and potential mechanisms are discussed. A potential role for contributing cofactors is presented.
After early mTICI 2b, stop or continue? Insights from the PERSIST Registry
Authors: Ji Yachen , Ding Xianhui , Xiao Lulu , Li Min , Wu Kangfei , Xu Junfeng , Duan Zuowei , Sun Wen , Xu Pengfei , Huang Xianjun 
Published: June 2024

AbstractObjectivesA higher reperfusion grade after endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) is associated with a good prognosis. However, the effect of the number of retrievals has not yet been investigated in vertebrobasilar occlusion (VBAO). Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate whether to continue retrieval after early modified thrombolysis in cerebral infarction (mTICI) 2b to achieve a better reperfusion grade.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed the data of patients who underwent EVT caused by VBAO in a multicenter registry dataset. Patients who underwent successful reperfusion were included (mTICI 2b/3). Regression models were used to analyze the correlation of different reperfusion grades stratified by the number of retrieval attempts with clinical prognosis and hemorrhage transition.ResultsWe included 432 patients: 34.5% (n = 149) had a final mTICI score of 2b and 65.5% (n = 283) had a final mTICI score of 3. Patients who obtained a mTICI of 3 after the first pass had significantly increased odds of having a good prognosis. As the number of passes increases, the chances of obtaining a good prognosis decreases. After three or more passes, the odds of achieving functional independence and favorable outcomes were comparable to those of the first mTICI 2b, regardless of the 90‐day (OR 1.132 95% CI 0.367–3.487 p = 0.829; OR 1.070 95% CI 0.375–3.047 p = 0.900) or 1‐year follow‐up (OR 1.217 95% CI 0.407–3.637 p = 0.725; OR 1.068 95% CI 0.359–3.173 p = 0.906).InterpretationWithin two retrieval attempts, mTICI 3 was better than the first retrieval to mTICI 2b. After early mTICI 2b, each retrieval should be undertaken with caution to pursue a higher reperfusion grade.
Palladium Metallene‐Based Electrocatalysts for Energy Conversion Applications
Authors: Chen Yaping , Zheng Xiaobo , Yang Yuyue , Wang Peiyu , Sun Wenping 
Published: June 2024

AbstractPalladium (Pd)‐based catalysts are considered compelling alternatives to platinum (Pt)‐based counterparts in various electrocatalytic reactions. Recently, Pd metallene‐based nanomaterials have emerged as innovative materials for electrocatalysis, demonstrating unique functional properties and exceptional catalytic activity. This review aims to discuss recent research progress on Pd metallene‐based electrocatalysts for energy conversion applications, providing an overview of their design strategies and pivotal advantages. Seven pivotal construction strategies for Pd metallene‐based electrocatalysts, including defect engineering, interface engineering, strain effect, phase engineering, alloying effect, and doping effect, are meticulously introduced and comprehensively discussed, highlighting their critical roles in modulating the electronic structure and coordination environment. Finally, the current challenges and perspectives on the future directions of Pd metallene‐based electrocatalysts are provided.
Peptide‐Based Ammonium Halide with Inhibited Deprotonation Enabling Effective Interfacial Engineering for Highly Efficient and Stable FAPbI3 Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Liu Chong , Ma Luyao , Zhao Pengzhen , Yuan Li , Li Fengyuan , Fang Zhiyu , Chang Qing , Jia Ning , Guo Pengfei , Guo Fei , Liu Zhe , Chen Ruihao , Wang Hongqiang 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAmmonium iodides are intensively investigated as effective interfacial passivation agents in perovskite solar cells (PSCs) while facing a major challenge of their high reactivity with perovskites that undermines the operational stability of the PSCs. Exemplified by involving rationally designed/selected peptide into the widely adopted phenethylammonium iodide (PEAI), the present work demonstrates that the bespoke peptide‐PEAI can effectively inhibit the deprotonation of ammonium iodides and thus hinder the formation of 2D perovskite, facilitating the stability enhancement in perovskite films by multi hydrogen bonding. The additional lone pair electrons provided by peptide molecules can also enhance the passivation ability of the modified layer. Attributed to the stable co‐modifier peptide‐PEAI, the small‐area FAPbI3‐based PSCs yield a high efficiency of 25.02% with robust light and thermal stabilities. Moreover, the peptide‐PEAI‐based minimodules with an efficiency of 19.06% for a total area of 36 cm2 manifested the great application potential of this co‐modification strategy in the perovskite photovoltaics.
Add an Extra Layer to Bring Lithium‐Ions Out of Disorder for Longevity of the Solid Full Batteries
Authors: Zhao Yangmingyue , Li Libo , Zhou Da , Yang Hang , Fan Shubo , Li Suo , Tong Hao , Qu Wenhua 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIn the current era of rapid development in the new energy vehicle industry, graphite (Gr) has gained significant attention as the primary anode material for commercial lithium‐ion batteries due to its exceptional reversibility in lithium‐ion insertion/extraction and abundant availability. In this study, a multifunctional ferroelectric Bi12TiO20@C (BIT@C) modified interlayer between Gr and polymer electrolyte (PE) is fabricated. This approach established a channel and homogeneous ion‐conducting network that facilitated lithium‐ion intercalation into Gr at the interface while suppressing erratic lithium precipitation, thereby stabilizing the structure of Gr. The uniform electric field generated by BIT intercalation enabled homogeneous intercalation/deintercalation of lithium ions, effectively preventing the structural collapse of the Gr anode. Assembled LIBs exhibited reduced polarization and enhanced electrochemical properties attributed to facile charge transfer at the interface. The results revealed that Gr│carbon‐BIT@C‐lithium bistrifluoromethane sulfonimide (LiTFSI)/silicon dioxide (SiO2)/poly allyl acetoacetate (PAAA)/poly(vinylidene fluoride‐hexafluoropropylene) (P(VDF‐HFP))/polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF)│LiFePO4 (LFP) batteries achieved an initial discharge specific capacity of 120.4 mAh g−1 with stable performance over 1200 cycles at 2 C and room temperature (RT), maintaining a Coulombic efficiency of 99.5% after 1200 cycles. The ferroelectric‐modified interface addressed challenges associated with ion transport at the electrode‐electrolyte interface.
Spiderweb‐Shaped Iron‐Coordinated Polymeric Network as the Novel Coating on Microneedles for Transdermal Drug Delivery Against Infectious Wounds
Authors: Fu Xinwei , Zhang Tao , Xia Chuanlan , Du Shan , Wang Bo , Pan Zhensen , Yu Yunlong , Xue Peng , Wang Bin , Kang Yuejun 
Published: June 2024

AbstractCoated microneedles (CMNs) are a minimally invasive platform for immediate‐release transdermal drug delivery. However, the practical applications of CMNs have been significantly hindered by the challenges associated with complex formulations, single function, and limited drug loading capacity. This study has developed a spiderweb‐shaped iron‐coordinated polymeric nanowire network (Fe‐IDA NWs). The resulting Fe‐IDA NWs are endowed with a certain viscosity due to the synergy of multiple supramolecular interactions. This allows them to replace traditional polymeric thickeners as microneedle coatings. The Fe‐IDA NWs‐coated microneedles (Fe‐IDA MNs) display rapid disintegration in the skin model, which also enables the swift diffusion of Fe‐IDA NWs and their payloads into the deeper skin layers. Additionally, Fe‐IDA MNs exhibit desirable enzymatic activity and potential antibacterial ability. Thus, Fe‐IDA MNs can enhance the therapeutic efficacy against wound infection through synergistic effects, and avoid the overly complicated formulation and the release of nontherapeutic molecules of conventional CMNs. As a proof‐of‐concept, Fe‐IDA MNs loaded with chlorin e6 showed a synergistic chemodynamic‐photodynamic antibacterial effect in a methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus‐infected wound model in mice. Collectively, this work has significant implications for the future of CMNs‐based transdermal drug delivery systems and expands the application fields of metal coordination polymer (MCP) materials.
Enhancing Circularly Polarized Electroluminescence through Energy Transfer within a Chiral Polymer Host
Authors: Moreno‐Naranjo Juan Manuel , Furlan Francesco , Wang Jingxiang , Ryan Seán Timothy James , Matulaitis Tomas , Xu Zhiyu , Zhang Qianyi , Minion Louis , Di Girolamo Marta , Jávorfi Tamás , Siligardi Giuliano , Wade Jessica , Gasparini Nicola , Zysman‐Colman Eli , Fuchter Matthew John 
Published: June 2024

AbstractOrganic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs) that are able to emit high levels of circularly polarized (CP) light hold significant promise in numerous future technologies. Such devices require chiral emissive materials to enable CP electroluminescence. However, the vast majority of current OLED emitter classes, including the state‐of‐the‐art triplet‐harvesting thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) materials, produce very low levels of CP electroluminescence. Here a host–guest strategy that allows for energy transfer between a chiral polymer host and a representative chiral TADF emitter is showcased. Such a mechanism results in a large amplification of the circular polarization of the emitter. As such, this study presents a promising avenue to further boost the performance of circularly polarized organic light‐emitting diode devices, enabling their further development and eventual commercialization.
Hexacarbazolylbenzene: An Excellent Host Molecule Causing Strong Guest Molecular Orientation and the High‐Performance OLEDs
Authors: Madushani Bhagya , Mamada Masashi , Goushi Kenichi , Katagiri Hiroshi , Nakanotani Hajime , Hatakeyama Takuji , Adachi Chihaya 
Published: June 2024

AbstractHexacarbazolylbenzene (6CzPh), which is benzene substituted by six carbazole rings, is a simple and attractive compound. Despite the success of a wide variety of carbazole derivatives in organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs), 6CzPh has not received attention so far. Here, excellent performances of 6CzPh are revealed as a host material in OLEDs regarding conventional host materials. Various strategies are implemented to improve the performance of OLEDs, e.g., triplet utilization by thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) and phosphorescence emitters for maximizing internal quantum efficiency, and molecular orientation control for increasing outcoupling efficiency. The present host material is suited for both criteria. Robustness of the structure and sufficiently high triplet energy enables a high external quantum efficiency with a long device lifetime. Besides, the host material boosts the horizontal molecular orientations of several guest emitters. It is noteworthy that disk‐shaped 4CzIPN marks the complete horizontal molecular orientations (Θh = 100%, S = −0.50). These results provide an effective way of improving efficiencies without sacrificing device durability for future OLEDs.
Synergistic Integration of Hydrogen Peroxide Powered Valveless Micropumps and Membraneless Fuel Cells: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Mujtaba Jawayria , Kuzin Aleksei , Chen Guoxiang , Zhu Fenyang , Fedorov Fedor S. , Mohan Brij , Huang Gaoshan , Tolstoy Valeri , Kovalyuk Vadim , Goltsman Gregory N. , Gorin Dmitry A. , Nasibulin Albert G. , Zhao Shuangliang , Solovev Alexander A. , Mei Yongfeng 
Published: June 2024

AbstractCatalytic valveless micropumps, and membraneless fuel cells are the class of devices that utilize the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) into water and oxygen. Nonetheless, a significant obstacle that endures within the discipline pertains to the pragmatic open circuit potential (OCP) of hydrogen peroxide FCs (H2O2FCs), which fails to meet the theoretical OCP. Additionally, bubble formation significantly contributes to this disparity, as it disrupts the electrolyte's uniformity and interferes with reaction dynamics. In addition, issues such as catalyst degradation and poor kinetics can impact the overall cell efficiency. The development of high‐performance H2O2‐FCs necessitates the incorporation of selective electrocatalysts with a high surface area. However, porous micro‐structures of the electrode impedes the transport of fuel and the removal of reaction byproducts, thereby hindering the attainment of technologically significant rates. To address these challenges, including bubble formation, the review highlights the potential of integrating electrokinetic and bubble‐driven micropumps. An alternative approach involves the spatiotemporal separation of fuel and oxidizer through the use of laminar flow‐based fuel cell (LFFC). The present review addresses multifaceted challenges of H2O2‐powered FCs, and proposes integration of electrokinetic and bubble‐driven micropumps, emphasizing the critical role of bubble management in improving H2O2 FC performance.
Thermosensitive Hydrogel PNIPAAm‐Alg‐PEDOT for Sustainable and Efficient Water Purification Powered by Solar Energy
Authors: Naranjo David , Paulo‐Mirasol Sofia , Lanzalaco Sonia , Armelin Elaine , García‐Torres José , Torras Juan 
Published: June 2024

AbstractUnrestricted access to clean drinking water is essential for the well‐being of the global population, yet this necessary resource is not universally guaranteed, particularly amidst the escalating climate crisis that accentuates disparities across regions. Harnessing solar energy in conjunction with advanced synthetic solar absorbent hydrogels (SAHs) is increasingly recognized as a promising solution and a significant challenge in addressing the purification of brackish water sustainably. This work outlines the development of a SAH using the thermosensitive polymer poly(N‐isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAAm) in combination with alginate (Alg), enriched with poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) nanoparticles (NPs). Through solar evaporation tests using different conducting polymer (CP) concentrations, a discernible relationship between the ratio of free water to intermediate water (FW/IW) within the hydrogel structure and its performance is observed. The hydrogel's remarkable evaporation rate for synthetic seawater (2.82 kg m−2 h−1) aligns with the lowest FW/IW, which is directly related to a reduction in water vaporization enthalpy. Characterization of intermediate water enables easy adjustment of the optimal conductive polymer content within the hydrogel. This technology, based on thermosensitive materials, not only introduces innovative methodologies for designing and customizing functional composite materials but also aligns with global objectives by addressing challenges in sustainable drinking water supply without additional energy inputs.
Information‐Distilled Generative Label‐Free Morphological Profiling Encodes Cellular Heterogeneity
Authors: Lo Michelle C. K. , Siu Dickson M. D. , Lee Kelvin C. M. , Wong Justin S. J. , Yeung Maximus C. F. , Hsin Michael K. Y. , Ho James C. M. , Tsia Kevin K. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractImage‐based cytometry faces challenges due to technical variations arising from different experimental batches and conditions, such as differences in instrument configurations or image acquisition protocols, impeding genuine biological interpretation of cell morphology. Existing solutions, often necessitating extensive pre‐existing data knowledge or control samples across batches, have proved limited, especially with complex cell image data. To overcome this, “Cyto‐Morphology Adversarial Distillation” (CytoMAD), a self‐supervised multi‐task learning strategy that distills biologically relevant cellular morphological information from batch variations, is introduced to enable integrated analysis across multiple data batches without complex data assumptions or extensive manual annotation. Unique to CytoMAD is its “morphology distillation”, symbiotically paired with deep‐learning image‐contrast translation—offering additional interpretable insights into label‐free cell morphology. The versatile efficacy of CytoMAD is demonstrated in augmenting the power of biophysical imaging cytometry. It allows integrated label‐free classification of human lung cancer cell types and accurately recapitulates their progressive drug responses, even when trained without the drug concentration information. CytoMAD also allows joint analysis of tumor biophysical cellular heterogeneity, linked to epithelial‐mesenchymal plasticity, that standard fluorescence markers overlook. CytoMAD can substantiate the wide adoption of biophysical cytometry for cost‐effective diagnosis and screening.