bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Self‐Powered Electrochemical CO2 Conversion Enabled by a Multifunctional Carbon‐Based Electrocatalyst and a Rechargeable Zn–Air Battery
Authors: Han Jingrui , Shi Lei , Xie Huamei , Song Ruilin , Wang Dan , Liu Dong 
Published: June 2024

AbstractMultifunctional electrocatalysts are required for diverse clean energy‐related technologies (e.g., electrochemical CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) and metal–air batteries). Herein, a nitrogen and fluorine co‐doped carbon nanotube (NFCNT) is reported to simultaneously achieve multifunctional catalytic activities for CO2RR, oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), and oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Theoretical calculations reveal that the superior multifunctional catalytic activities of NFCNT are attributed to the synergistic effect of nitrogen and fluorine co‐doping to induce charge redistribution and decrease the energy barrier of rate‐determining step for different electrocatalytic reactions. Furthermore, the rechargeable Zn–air battery (ZAB) with NFCNT electrode delivers a high peak power density of 230 mW cm−2 and superior durability over 100 cycles, outperforming the ZAB with Pt/C+RuO2 based electrodes. More importantly, a self‐driven CO2 electrolysis unit powered by the as‐assembled ZABs is developed, which achieves 80% CO Faraday efficiency and 60% total energy efficiency. This work provides a new insight into the exploration of highly efficient multifunctional carbon‐based electrocatalysts for novel energy‐related applications.
Vanadium‐Doped Heterogeneous Bimetallic Phosphides Derived from Layered Double Hydroxides for Saline Water Splitting
Authors: Li Yixuan , Jiang Jiahui , Wu Qihao , Feng Yuying , Chen Zhongxu , Xu Guancheng , Zhang Li 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe development of energy‐ and time‐saving synthetic methods to prepare bifunctional and high stability catalysts are vital for overall water splitting. Here, V‐doped nickel‐iron hydroxide precursor by etching NiFe foam (NFF) at room temperature with dual chloride solution (“NaCl‐VCl3”), is obtained then phosphating to obtain V‐Ni2P‐FeP/NFF as efficient bifunctional (oxygen/hydrogen exchange reaction, OER/HER) electrocatalysts, denoted as NFF(V, Na)‐P. The NFF(V, Na)‐P requires only 185 and 117 mV overpotentials to reach 10 mA cm−2 for OER and HER. When used as a catalyst for water splitting in a full cell, it can be stably sustained for more than 1000 h in alkaline brine electrolysis at both current densities of 100 and 500 mA cm−2. In situ Raman analyses and density functional theory (DFT) show that the V‐doping‐induced surface remodeling generates hydroxyl oxides as the true catalytic active centers, which not only enhances the reaction kinetics, but also reduces the free energy change in the rate‐determining step. This work provides a cost‐effective substrate self‐derivation method to convert commercial NFF into a powerful catalyst for electrolytic brine, offering a unique route to the development of efficient electrocatalysts for saline water splitting.
Non‐Aqueous Polyhedral Liquid Marbles Stabilized with Polymer Plates Having Surface Roughness
Authors: Iwata Yamato , Yoshida Tatsuro , Hirai Tomoyasu , Nakamura Yoshinobu , Fujii Syuji 
Published: June 2024

AbstractHydrophobic polymer plates with smooth and rough surfaces are used as a stabilizer for cubic liquid marbles (LMs) to study the effect of surface roughness on their formation. The smooth and rough polymer plates can stabilize LMs using liquids with surface tensions of 72.8–26.6 and 72.8–22.9 mN m−1, respectively. It is clarified that the higher the surface roughness, the lower the surface tension of the liquids are stabilized to form the LMs. These results indicated that the introduction of surface roughness improves the hydrophobicity of the polymer plates and the rough polymer plates can stabilize LMs using liquids with a wider surface tension range. Electron microscopy studies and numerical analyses confirmed that the LMs can be formed, when the Cassie‐Baxter wetting state, where θY>90° (θY: the contact angle on smooth surfaces) and θR>90° (θR: the contact angle on rough surfaces), and the metastable Cassie‐Baxter wetting state, where θY<90° and θR>90°, are realized. Finally, the synthesis of cubic polymer particles are succeeded by free radical polymerization of the cubic LMs containing a hydrophobic vinyl monomer (dodecyl acrylate) in a solvent‐free manner.
Pt─O Bond Accelerated Cu0/Cu+ Activity for Boosting Low‐Energy Bipolar Hydrogen Production
Authors: Zhang Lu , Kong Ling‐Yi , Zhang Xin , Zhou Xiao‐Cheng , Feng Jiu‐Ju , Wang Ai‐Jun 
Published: June 2024

AbstractTo address the imperative challenge of producing hydrogen in a low‐energy consumption electrocatalytic system, this study emphasizes the utilization of thermodynamically favorable biomass oxidation for achieving energy‐efficient hydrogen generation. This research integrates ultralow PtO2‐loaded flower‐like nanosheets (denoted as PtO2@Cu2O/Cu FNs) with Cu0/Cu+ pairs and Pt─O bonds, thereby yielding substantial enhancement in both hydrogen evolution reaction (HER, −0.042 VRHE at 10 mA cm−2) and furfural oxidation reaction (FFOR, 0.09 VRHE at 10 mA cm−2). As validated by DFT calculations, the dual built‐in electric field (BIEF) is elucidated as the driving force behind the enhanced activities, in which Pt─O bonds expedite the HER, while Cu+/Cu0 promotes low‐potential FFOR. By coupling the FFOR and HER together, the resulting bipolar‐hydrogen production system requires a low power input (0.5072 kWh per m3) for producing H2. The system can generate bipolar hydrogen and high value‐added furoic acid, significantly enhancing hydrogen production efficiency and concurrently mitigating energy consumption.
A “Zn2+ in Salt” Interphase Enabling High‐Performance Zn Metal Anodes
Authors: Bai Mengxi , Chen Jingtao , Li Qiufen , Wang Xiang , Li Jiashuai , Lin Xiaoyan , Shao Siyuan , Li Dongze , Wang Ziqi 
Published: June 2024

AbstractZinc metal is a promising anode candidate for aqueous zinc ion batteries due to its high theoretical capacity, low cost, and high safety. However, its application is currently restricted by hydrogen evolution reactions (HER), by‐product formation, and Zn dendrite growth. Herein, a “Zn2+ in salt” (ZIS) interphase is in situ constructed on the surface of the anode (ZIS@Zn). Unlike the conventional “Zn2+ in water” working environment of Zn anodes, the intrinsic hydrophobicity of the ZIS interphase isolates the anode from direct contact with the aqueous electrolyte, thereby protecting it from HER, and the accompanying side reactions. More importantly, it works as an ordered water‐free ion‐conducting medium, which guides uniform Zn deposition and facilitates rapid Zn2+ migration at the interface. As a result, the symmetric cells assembled with ZIS@Zn exhibit dendrite‐free plating/striping at 4500 h and a high critical current of 14 mA cm−2. When matched with a vanadium‐based (NVO) cathode, the full battery exhibits excellent long‐term cycling stability, with 88% capacity retention after 1600 cycles. This work provides an effective strategy to promote the stability and reversibility of Zn anodes in aqueous electrolytes.
Development of a Novel Pressure Vessel System for the Simulation of Starch Expansion – Methylated and Regular Waxy Corn Starch Behave Significantly Different With and Without Cellulose Inclusion
Authors: Richter Jana K. , Saunders Steven R. , Ikuse Marina , Finnie Sean M. , Ganjyal Girish M. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractFortification of direct‐expanded products with insoluble fiber generally leads to decreased expansion. Understanding the interactions between starches and fibers can help to include more fiber into puffed products. A pressure vessel setup is developed to allow for a small‐scale expansion process. Because trends for the expansion ability during the simulated process are similar to those during extrusion, the setup has been proven to be suitable for understanding the occurrences during extrusion. Elimination of hydroxyl groups through starch methylation can help to understand the role of hydrogen bonding during expansion. Nonmethylated and methylated starch are tested for their expansion at cellulose levels of 0%, 5%, and 20% on a weight basis. The specific volume of the obtained samples is used to determine the degree of expansion. The nonmethylated starch sample exhibits a specific volume of 16.3 ± 1.8 cm3 g−1, which is almost three times higher than the one of the methylated sample (≈6.0 cm3 g−1). Possible reasons for this decrease are the elimination of hydroxyl groups capable of forming hydrogen bonds or the significantly higher viscosity of the methylated starch. While fortification with 5% cellulose does not affect the expansion, 20% cellulose greatly reduces the specific volume for both starches.
Desire and the Political Theology of the International
Authors: Valk John-Harmen 
Published: June 2024

AbstractPolitical theological explorations of the international have mounted an important challenge to standard secularization narratives by drawing attention to the manner in which modern international political thought has taken up and refashioned theological notions. However, there exists a certain danger of reducing the political theological move to the level of intellectualism. Explorations would benefit from attention to theology understood as an embodied form of understanding, as a way of life, and more specifically to the manner in which desire shapes understanding of and action within the world of international politics. This chapter details the intellectualist danger in two prominent, recent interjections regarding the political theology of the international, those of Seán Molloy and William Bain. Next it flags how two key critics of the political theological move, Mark Lilla and Hans Blumenberg, actually recognize the centrality of desire in human thought and action, while also noting the inadequacies of their accounts. It then highlights how the work of Charles Taylor and Talal Asad might inspire a political theology of the international that avoids the intellectualist danger by giving attention to desire.
Legionella effectors SidC/SdcA ubiquitinate multiple small GTPases and SNARE proteins to promote phagosomal maturation
Authors: Ma Kelong , Shu Rundong , Liu Hongtao , Ge Jinli , Liu Jiayang , Lu Qian , Fu Jiaqi , Liu Xiaoyun , Qiu Jiazhang 
Published: June 2024

AbstractProtein ubiquitination is one of the most important posttranslational modifications (PTMs) in eukaryotes and is involved in the regulation of almost all cellular signaling pathways. The intracellular bacterial pathogenLegionella pneumophilatranslocates at least 26 effectors to hijack host ubiquitination signaling via distinct mechanisms. Among these effectors, SidC/SdcA are novel E3 ubiquitin ligases with the adoption of a Cys-His-Asp catalytic triad. SidC/SdcA are critical for the recruitment of endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-derived vesicles to theLegionella-containingvacuole (LCV). However, the ubiquitination targets of SidC/SdcA are largely unknown, which restricts our understanding of the mechanisms used by these effectors to hijack the vesicle trafficking pathway. Here, we demonstrated that multiple Rab small GTPases and target soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptors (SNARE) proteins arebona fideubiquitination substrates of SidC/SdcA. SidC/SdcA-mediated ubiquitination of syntaxin 3 and syntaxin 4 promotes their unconventional pairing with the vesicle-SNARE protein Sec22b, thereby contributing to the membrane fusion of ER-derived vesicles with the phagosome. In addition, our data reveal that ubiquitination of Rab7 by SidC/SdcA is critical for its association with the LCV membrane. Rab7 ubiquitination could impair its binding with the downstream effector Rab-interacting lysosomal protein (RILP), which partially explains why LCVs avoid fusion with lysosomes despite the acquisition of Rab7. Taken together, our study reveals the biological mechanisms employed by SidC/SdcA to promote the maturation of the LCVs.
On the Steady Flows of Viscous Compressible Magnetohydrodynamic Equations in an Infinite Horizontal Layer
Authors: Benabidallah Rachid , Ebobisse François 
Published: June 2024

AbstractWe consider in an infinite horizontal layer the stationary motion of a viscous compressible fluid in a magnetic field subject to the gravitational force, where the Dirichlet boundary condition for the velocity and similar but non-homogeneous and large enough conditions for the magnetic field are assumed. Existence of a stationary solution in a neighborhood close to the equilibrium state is obtained in Sobolev spaces as limit of a sequence of fixed points of some suitable operators.
Analyse von Einflussfaktoren auf ambulante pädiatrische Antibiotikaverordnungen in Bielefeld 2015–2018
Authors: Bornemann Reinhard , Heidenreich Andreas , Hoyer Annika , Mohsenpour Amir , Tillmann Roland 
Published: June 2024

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Beim Antibiotika-Verordnungsverhalten bestehen deutliche regionale Unterschiede. Die Ursachen dafür sind noch weitgehend unklar. Neben demografischen und morbiditätsbezogenen spielen auch arztindividuelle bzw. „kulturelle“ Faktoren eine Rolle. Um diese besser einordnen zu können, ist eine differenzierte Analyse unter Einbezug von Diagnosedaten erforderlich.

Methoden
Es erfolgte eine Sekundärdatenanalyse der über die Kassenärztliche Vereinigung Westfalen-Lippe (KVWL) verfügbaren Infektionsdiagnosen bzw. Antibiotikaverordnungen von ambulant tätigen Kinderärztinnen und -ärzten im KV-Bezirk Bielefeld der Jahre 2015–2018. Zusätzlich erfolgten algorithmisierte 1:1-Verknüpfungen von Diagnosen und Verordnungen.

Ergebnisse
Ausgewertet wurden 28.248 Verordnungen bei 262.969 Arzneimittelpatienten (AMP) sowie 90.044 Diagnosen, mit 11.131 1:1-Verknüpfungen. Circa 40 % der Verordnungen konnten somit einer Diagnose zugeordnet werden. Mit Blick auf das Verordnungsverhalten einzelner Praxen fanden sich, adjustiert auf die Nennergröße AMP, trotz vergleichbarer Alters- und Geschlechtsstruktur, z. T. deutliche Unterschiede. Dies betraf sowohl die Verordnungshäufigkeit als auch die Zusammensetzung der verordneten Substanzgruppen.

Diskussion
Die gefundenen Varianzen im Verordnungsverhalten auf Praxisebene sind weder durch die demografische Zusammensetzung noch durch unterschiedliche Morbiditäten der jeweiligen Klientel hinreichend erklärbar. Individuelle Einstellungen bzw. lokale Verordnungskulturen dürften eine relevante Rolle spielen. Hierin liegt ein wichtiger Ansatz für Antibiotic Stewardship (ABS). Die dargelegte Methodik bietet sich über das vorgestellte Gebiet der ambulanten Pädiatrie hinaus als Modell für die detailliertere Analyse auch in anderen ambulanten Fachgruppen an.
Investigating the use of 3-component-2-dimensional particle image velocimetry fields as inflow boundary condition for the direct numerical simulation of turbulent channel flow
Authors: Kannadasan Ezhilsabareesh , Atkinson Callum , Soria Julio 
Published: June 2024

AbstractDirect numerical simulation (DNS) of turbulent wall-bounded flows requires long streamwise computational domains to establish the correct spatial evolution of large-scale structures with high fidelity. In contrast, experimental measurements can relatively easily capture large-scale structures but struggle to resolve the dissipative flow scales with high fidelity. One methodology to overcome the shortcomings of each approach is by incorporating experimental velocity field measurements into DNS as an inflow boundary condition. This hybrid approach combines the strengths of DNS and experimental measurements, allowing for a reduction in the streamwise computational domain and accelerated development of large-scale structures in turbulent wall-bounded flows. To this end, this paper reports the results of an investigation to establish the impact of limited spatial resolution and limited near-wall experimental inflow data on the DNS of a wall-bounded turbulent shear flow. Specifically, this study investigates the spatial extent required for the DNS of a turbulent channel flow to recover the turbulent velocity fluctuations and energy when experimental inflow data is typically unable to capture fluctuations down to the viscous sub-layer or the smallest viscous scales (i.e. the Kolmogorov scale or their surrogate viscous scale in wall-bounded turbulent shear slows) is used as the inflow to a DNS. A time-resolved numerically generated experimental field is constructed from a periodic channel flow DNS (PCH-DNS) at $$Re_{\tau } =$$

R

e
τ

=

550 and 2300, which is subsequently used as the inflow velocity field for an inflow–outflow boundary conditions DNS. The time-resolved experimental inflow field is generated by appropriately filtering the small scales from the PCH-DNS velocity by integrating over a spatial domain that is representative of a particle image velocimetry interrogation window. This study shows that the recovery of small scales requires a longer domain as the spatial resolution at the inflow decreases with all flow scales recovered and their correct scale-dependent energy is re-established once the flow has developed for 3 channel heights.
Effects of wave exposure and habitat fragmentation on growth and grazing of rocky shore seaweeds: a mesocosm experiment
Authors: Hayes Lucas , Lukić Ivana , Moy Siri R. , Fagerli Camilla W. , Rinde Eli , Christie Hartvig , Bekkby Trine 
Published: June 2024

AbstractSeaweeds are foundation species on rocky shores that are exposed to a series of stressors. These include wave exposure, desiccation, grazing, and human activities, with habitat fragmentation as a common result. As part of climate and biodiversity changes, we are expecting increased winds and more frequent storm events, warmer climate, and trophic downgrading of ecosystems, causing overgrazing events. Here, we present the results from a two-factorial mesocosm experiment on the relationship between wave exposure, habitat fragmentation and growth (branching and tip elongation) of Fucus vesiculosus in the intertidal and upper subtidal. We found that intertidal seaweeds branched significantly more at low than high wave exposure. There was no effect of habitat fragmentation on branching, and no effects on tip growth from either wave exposure or habitat fragmentation. The experiment suffered greatly from uncontrolled grazing. Gastropod coverage was higher inside seaweed patches than in the seaweed free areas between and outside of the patches. In basins with highly fragmented seaweed patches, we found more gastropods at low than high wave exposure, whereas in basins with low fragmentation we found more gastropods at higher wave exposure. The percent coverage of gastropods in the basins did not seem to impact seaweed growth.
Experiences and Attitudes Toward Telemedicine in an Adult Congenital Heart Disease Clinic: Lessons Learned from the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Shiue Mia , Nyman Annique , Karvell Robert , Partington Sara L. , Preminger Tamar J. , Reda Christian , Ruckdeschel Emily , Sullivan Kathleen , Tobin Lynda , Vaikunth Sumeet S. , Saef Joshua , Tedla Bruke A. , Kim Yuli Y. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has driven a broader adoption of telemedicine (TM). We aim to describe adult congenital heart disease (ACHD) patient experiences with TM and explore factors associated with positive attitude toward future TM visits. This is a cross-sectional, single-center study in an outpatient ACHD clinic from February to June, 2022. Between-group comparisons were made using Wilcoxon-Rank Sum, Chi-Square, or Fisher-Exact tests. Univariate logistic regression was performed for variables that could correlate with a “positive” attitude toward future TM visits. Significance was determined using an alpha level of 0.05. Of 262 patients (median age 33 years, 55% female, 81% White), 115 (44%) had a prior TM visit and 110 (96%) reported a positive experience. There were 64 (24%) with a positive attitude toward future TM visits. Concerns include lack of cardiac testing and limited quality of visit. Patients with visits every 3–6 months (Odds Ratio [OR] 2.44; p < 0.01) and prior TM visit (OR 1.89; p = 0.03) had higher odds of a positive attitude toward future TM, whereas males had lower odds (OR 0.53; p = 0.04). Age, annual income, disease complexity, distance from clinic, and employment status were not associated. There is high rate of satisfaction with TM among ACHD patients but only one-quarter indicated interest in using TM in the future. Factors associated with interest in TM visits are identified, and together with patient feedback, can be used to understand potential role of TM for the ACHD population in the post-pandemic era.
Notch ratio in pulmonary flow predicts long-term survival after pulmonary endarterectomy for chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension
Authors: Beijk M. A. M. , Winkelman J. A. , Eckmann H. M. , Samson D. A. , Widyanti A. P. , Vleugels J. , Bombeld D. C. M. , Meijer C. G. C. M. , Bogaard H. J. , Noordegraaf A. Vonk , de Bruin-Bon H. A. C. M. , Bouma B. J. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
Assessment of the pattern of the RV outflow tract Doppler provides insights into the hemodynamics of chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH). We studied whether pre-operative assessment of timing of the pulmonary flow systolic notch by Doppler echocardiography is associated with long-term survival after pulmonary endarterectomy (PEA) for CTEPH.

Methods
Fifty-nine out of 61 consecutive CETPH patients (mean age 53 ± 14 years, 34% male) whom underwent PEA between June 2002 and June 2005 were studied. Clinical, echocardiographic and hemodynamic variables were assessed pre-operatively and repeat echocardiography was performed 3 months after PEA. Notch ratio (NR) was assessed with pulsed Doppler and calculated as the time from onset of pulmonary flow until notch divided by the time from notch until end of pulmonary flow. Long-term follow-up was obtained between May 2021 and February 2022.

Results
Pre-operative mean pulmonary artery pressure (mPAP) was 45 ± 15 mmHg and pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) was 646 ± 454 dynes.s.cm-5. Echocardiography before PEA showed that 7 patients had no notch, 33 had a NR < 1.0 and 19 had a NR > 1.0. Three months after PEA, echocardiography revealed a significant decrease in sPAP in long-term survivors with a NR < 1.0 and a NR > 1.0, while a significant increase in TAPSE/sPAP was only observed in the NR < 1.0 group. Mean long-term clinical follow-up was 14 ± 6 years. NR was significantly different between survivors and non-survivors (0.73 ± 0.25 vs. 1.1 ± 0.44, p < 0.001) but no significant differences were observed in mPAP or PVR. Long-term survival at 14 years was significantly better in patients with a NR < 1.0 compared to patients with a NR > 1.0 (83% vs. 37%, p =  < 0.001).

Conclusion
Pre-operative assessment of NR is a predictor of long-term survival in CTEPH patients undergoing PEA, with low mortality risk in patients with NR < 1.0. Long-term survivors with a NR < 1.0 and NR > 1.0 had a significant decrease in sPAP after PEA. However, the TAPSE/sPAP only significantly increased in the NR < 1.0 group. In the NR < 1.0 group, the 6-min walk test increased significantly between pre-operative and at 1-year post-operative follow-up. NR is a simple echocardiographic parameter that can be used in clinical decision-making for PEA.