bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Simulation and control of nanoparticle size distribution in a high temperature reactor
Authors: Sadiku-Agboola Oluranti , Kolesnikov Andrei , Sadiku Emmanuel 
Published: April 2012

Simulation and control of nanoparticle size distribution in a high temperature reactor
This work focuses on the modeling, simulation and control of particle size distribution (PSD) during nanoparticle growth with the simultaneous chemical reaction, nucleation, condensation, coagulation and convective transport in a high temperature reactor. Firstly, a model known as population balance model was derived. This model describes the formation of particles via nucleation and growth. Mass and energy balances in the reactor were presented in order to study the effect of particle size distribution for each reaction mechanisms on the reactor dynamics, as well as the evolution of the concentrations of species and temperature of the continuous phase. The models were simulated to see whether the reduced population balance can be used to control the particle size distribution in the high temperature reactor. The simulation results from the above model demonstrated that the reduced population balance can be effectively used to control the PSD. The proposed method "which is the application of reduced population balance model" shows that there is some dependence of the average particle diameter on the wall temperature and the model can thus be used as a basis to synthesize a feedback controller where the manipulated variable is the wall temperature of the reactor and the control variable is the average particle diameter at the outlet of the reactor. The influence of disturbances on the average particle diameter was investigated and controlled to its new desired set point which is 1400nm using the proportional-integral-derivative controllers (PID controllers). The proposed model was used to control nanoparticle size distribution at the outlet of the reactor.
Removal of SO2 from gases on carbon materials
Authors: Narkiewicz Urszula , Pietrasz Anna , Pełech Iwona , Arabczyk Walerian 
Published: April 2012

Removal of SO2 from gases on carbon materials
The aim of the work is to describe a capability of the active carbon CARBON L-2-4 (AC) and of the nanocarbon (NC) materials containing iron nanoparticles to continuously remove SO2 from air. The carbon nanomaterials (NC) containing iron nanoparticles were synthesised using a chemical vapor deposition method - through catalytic decomposition of ethylene on nanocrystalline iron.
The process of SO2 removal was carried out on dry and wet with water carbon catalyst (AC or NC) and was studied for inlet SO2 concentration 0.3 vol.% in the presence of O2, N2 and H2O, in the temperature range of 40-80°C.
The kinesthetic differentiation ability of table tennis players
Authors: Bańkosz Ziemowit 
Published: April 2012

PurposeThe aim of this study was to evaluate the differences between two groups of table tennis players (differing by their level of play) in terms of the kinesthetic differentiation ability of their so-called spatial component.MethodsThe study was conducted using a goniometer which assessed the accuracy of performing an arm movement, specifically, the pronation and supination of the forearm at the elbow. The study analyzed the accuracy rate of performing this movement, where a smaller value indicated a higher level of kinesthetic differentiation ability.ResultsIn all four tasks, the more advanced (skill-wise) group of players obtained lower arithmetic mean and median values of accuracy than the group that played at a lower skill set. This may suggest the importance of the tested variable as an important component of table tennis. However, the tested groups did not significantly differ from each other in the accuracy of performing the studied movement. Nonetheless, the variability of the accuracy rate of the lower skill level group was considerably larger than the more advanced and skilled group.ConclusionsIt can be assumed that the more advanced group is more homogeneous in terms of accuracy production. This could be the result of specific training exercises.
Gender identity in female football players
Authors: Wiliński Wojciech 
Published: April 2012

PurposeThe aim of this study was to define the relationship between gender identity, the perception of the body, depressiveness, and aggression in female football players who represent different levels of competence (playing in the premier league vs. second league) and seniority in sport.MethodsResearch was carried out on female football players (aged 16-31 years) playing in the premier league (N = 49) and second league (N = 45). Data were obtained with the use of: the Body Image Evaluation Questionnaire by Mandal, developed on the basis of Franzoi's concepts; Kuczyńska's Gender Assessment Inventory (IPP) adapted from the Bem Sex Role Inventory (BSRI), which diversifies individuals in terms of their gender identity in accordance to the Gender Schema Theory by Bem; the Beck Depression Inventory, translated by Lewicka and Czapiński; and the Buss-Durkee Inventory, adapted by Kosewski with comments from Stanik. To find a relationship between the mentioned variables, statistical analysis was carried out by use of ANOVA, the t test, the χ2 test and correlation coefficients.ResultsThe obtained research results indicate that, among female football players, the following occurs: a predominance of androgynous gender identities and a deficiency of its other types, a higher level of masculinity than among non-training women, a more favorable perception of body-as-process, a higher evaluation of body-as-object, along with an increase of masculinity and a decrease in indirect aggression at higher competition levels.ConclusionsThe application of the masculinity dimension by female football players with androgynous gender identity is probably an effective strategy for survival in conditions that are unsuitable and gender-inappropriate in typical masculine sports.
Evaluation of the Growth of Trichoderma Pleurotum and Trichoderma Pleuroticola Isolates and Their Biotic Interaction with Pleurotus Sp.
Authors: Sobieralski Krzysztof , Siwulski Marek , Komon-Żelazowska Monika , Błaszczyk Lidia , Górski Romuald , Spiżewski Tomasz , Sas-Golak Iwona 
Published: April 2012

Evaluation of the Growth ofTrichoderma PleurotumandTrichoderma PleuroticolaIsolates and Their Biotic Interaction withPleurotusSp.Growth ofTrichoderma pleurotumandT. pleuroticolaisolates on the Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) medium was investigated.T. pleuroticolaisolates showed a significantly greater diameter of their mycelium colonies after 5 days of incubation than theT. pleurotumisolates. In addition, biotic interactions betweenT. pleurotumandT. pleuroticolaisolates and species ofPleurotussp. were determined. The following six species of oyster mushroom were used:P. florida, P. cornucopiae, P. pulmonarius, P. columbinus, P. ostreatusandP. eryngii. It was demonstrated that isolates of theT. pleuroticolaspecies limited the growth of the examined species of oyster mushroom to a much greater extent than the isolates of theT. pleurotumspecies.
The Effects of Rearfoot Position on Lower Limb Kinematics during Bilateral Squatting in Asymptomatic Individuals with a Pronated Foot Type
Authors: Power Valerie , Clifford Amanda 
Published: April 2012

The Effects of Rearfoot Position on Lower Limb Kinematics during Bilateral Squatting in Asymptomatic Individuals with a Pronated Foot Type
Clinicians frequently assess movement performance during a bilateral squat to observe the biomechanical effects of foot orthotic prescription. However, the effects of rearfoot position on bilateral squat kinematics have not been established objectively to date. This study aims to investigate these effects in a population of healthy adults with a pronated foot type.
Ten healthy participants with a pronated foot type bilaterally (defined as a navicular drop >9mm) performed three squats in each of three conditions: barefoot, standing on 10mm shoe pitch platforms and standing on the platforms with foam wedges supporting the rearfoot in subtalar neutral. Kinematic data was recorded using a 3D motion analysis system. Between-conditions changes in peak joint angles attained were analysed.
Peak ankle dorsiflexion (p=0.0005) and hip abduction (p=0.024) were significantly reduced, while peak knee varus (p=0.028) and flexion (p=0.0005) were significantly increased during squatting in the subtalar neutral position compared to barefoot. Peak subtalar pronation decreased by 5.33° (SD 4.52°) when squatting on the platforms compared to barefoot (p=0.006), but no additional significant effects were noted in subtalar neutral.
Significant changes in lower limb kinematics may be observed during bilateral squatting when rearfoot alignment is altered. Shoe pitch alone may significantly reduce peak pronation during squatting in this population, but additional reductions were not observed in the subtalar neutral position. Further research investigating the effects of footwear and the subtalar neutral position in populations with lower limb pathology is required.
A Comparison of a Multi-body Model and 3D Kinematics and EMG of Double-leg Circle on Pommel Horse
Authors: Qian Jing-guang , Su Yang , Song Ya-wei , Qiang Ye , Zhang Songning 
Published: April 2012

A Comparison of a Multi-body Model and 3D Kinematics and EMG of Double-leg Circle on Pommel Horse
The purpose of this study was to establish a multi-segment dynamic model in the LifeMOD to examine kinematics of the center of mass and foot, and muscle forces of selected upper extremity muslces during a double-leg circle (DLC) movement on pommel horse in gymnastics and compared with three-dimensional kinematics of the movement and surface electromyographic (sEMG) activity of the muscles. The DLC movement of one elite male gymnast was collected. The three-dimensional (3D) data was imported in the Lifemod to create a full-body human model. A 16-Channel surface electromyography system was used to collect sEMG signals of middle deltoid, biceps brachii, triceps brachii, latissimusdorsi, and pectoralis major. The 3D center of mass and foot displacement showed a good match with the computer simulated results. The muscle force estimations from the model during the four DLC phases were also generally supported by the integrated sEMG results, suggesting that the model was valid. A potential application of this model is to help identify shortcomings of athletes and help establish appropriate training plans errors in the DLC technique during training.
Determination of Maximal Oxygen Uptake Using the Bruce or a Novel Athlete-Led Protocol in a Mixed Population
Authors: Hamlin Michael , Draper Nick , Blackwell Gavin , Shearman Jeremy , Kimber Nicholas 
Published: April 2012

Determination of Maximal Oxygen Uptake Using the Bruce or a Novel Athlete-Led Protocol in a Mixed Population
Treadmill tests for maximal oxygen uptake (
O2max) have traditionally used set speed and incline increments regardless of participants training or exercise background. The aim of this study was to determine the validity of a novel athlete-led protocol for determining maximal aerobic fitness in adults. Twenty-nine participants (21 male, 8 female, age 29.8 ± 9.5 y, BMI 24.4 ± 3.1, mean ± SD) from a variety of exercise backgrounds were asked to complete two maximal treadmill running tests (using the standard Bruce or a novel athlete-led protocol [ALP]) to volitional failure in a counter-balanced randomised cross-over trial one week apart. We found no substantial difference in maximal oxygen uptake (47.0 ± 9.1 and 46.8 ± 10.7 ml.kg-1.min-1, mean ± SD for the ALP and Bruce protocols respectively), evidenced by the Spearman correlation coefficient of 0.93 (90% confidence limits, 0.88-0.96). However, compared to the Bruce protocol, participants completing the ALP protocol attained a substantially higher maximal heart rate (ALP = 182.8 ± 10.5, Bruce = 179.7 ± 8.7 beats.min-1). Additionally, using the Bruce protocol took a longer period of time (23.2 ± 17.0 s) compared to the ALP protocol. It seems that using either treadmill protocol will give you similar maximal oxygen uptake results. We suggest the ALP protocol which is simpler, quicker and probably better at achieving maximal heart rates is a useful alternative to the traditional Bruce protocol.
Isokinetic Strength Responses to Season-long Training and Competition in Turkish Elite Soccer Players
Authors: Eniseler Niyazi , Şahan Çağatay , Vurgun Hikmet , Mavi Hasan 
Published: April 2012

Isokinetic Strength Responses to Season-long Training and Competition in Turkish Elite Soccer Players
There are not enough studies that describe the isokinetic strength of professional soccer players at high angular velocities. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the seasonal changes in isokinetic strength of Turkish professional soccer players (n=14) over the course of a 24-week soccer season. The isokinetic strength of players who underwent usual soccer training and weekly competition throughout the soccer season was assessed by means of the Biodex System 3 dynamometer with the knee attachment. The peak torque of knee extensor and flexor muscles were measured at angular velocities of 60°/s, 300°/s and 500°/s. Players were tested at the beginning and end of the competitive season. While the first- and second-test measurements did not show significant changes at 60°/s and 300°/s angular velocities, at the end of the training period, players' knee strength changed significantly at 500°/s angular velocities. In addition, the H/Q ratio improved significantly for the dominant as well as non-dominant leg at 500°/s. Significant bilateral strength improvements for knee flexors were also observed at 500°/s. The findings of this study suggest that usual daily soccer training (technical, tactical, power, strength, endurance, flexibility, etc.) and weekly competition might produce changes in knee strength at high angular velocities.
On the age of the Dej Tuff, Transylvanian Basin (Romania)
Authors: Szakács Alexandru , Pécskay Zoltán , Silye Lóránd , Balogh Kadosa , Vlad Daniela , Fülöp Alexandrina 
Published: April 2012

On the age of the Dej Tuff, Transylvanian Basin (Romania)The Dej Tuff is an important stratigraphic marker in the Transylvanian Basin. However, its Early Badenian age is known only on biostratigraphical grounds so far. A number of radiometric dating techniques including K-Ar, Ar-Ar and fission-track have been used in order to constrain more precisely its age, allowing the calibration of the Transylvanian Basin's evolutionary models. Although individual dating methods could not provide a unique, reliable and accurate radiometric age, comparison and evaluation of multiple methods gives 14.8-15.1 Ma as the most likely formation age of the Dej Tuff.
Incremental growth and mineralogy of Pannonian (Late Miocene) sciaenid otoliths: paleoecological implications
Authors: Kern Zoltán , Kázmér Miklós , Bosnakoff Mariann , Váczi Tamás , Bajnóczi Bernadett , Katona Lajos 
Published: April 2012

Incremental growth and mineralogy of Pannonian (Late Miocene) sciaenid otoliths: paleoecological implicationsOntogenetic age and body dimensions were studied on three extremely well-preserved sciaenid fish otoliths from sublittoral marls of Lake Pannon from Doba, Bakony Mts, Hungary. Macroscopic and microscopic observations offered clear evidence for the preservation of the genuine structural characteristics, for instance the bipartite incremental features. Ontogenetic ages were assigned for the three specimens as 16, 7 and 6 years by counting the annuli of the sagittae. Analytical results prove that the original aragonitic mineralogy has been preserved making them, and probably other Late Miocene teleost fossils, suitable for future microchemical analysis to reconstruct the past physicochemical environment.
Whirlpool SoPC Implementation - Hardware/Software Co-Design Example
Authors: Krawczyk Kamil , Tomaszewicz Paweł , Rawski Mariusz 
Published: April 2012

Whirlpool SoPC Implementation - Hardware/Software Co-Design Example
The aim of this work was to design a System on Programmable Chip (SoPC), that implements the Whirlpool Hash Function (WHF) algorithm. An assumption of the project was to use an embedded soft-processor NIOS II controlling the whole system, which functionality was extended by a custom logic in order to improve the used algorithm efficiency. This paper presents the Whirlpool Hash Function realized in several SoPC configurations, which differ in implementation complexity and performance.
N-Body Potential Interaction as a Cost Function in the Elastic Model for SANET Cloud Computing
Authors: Chaczko Zenon , Resconi Germano , Chiu Christopher , Aslanzadeh Shahrazad 
Published: April 2012

N-Body Potential Interaction as a Cost Function in the Elastic Model for SANET Cloud ComputingGiven a connection graph of entities that send and receive a flow of data controlled by effort and given the parameters, the metric tensor is computed that is in the elastic relational flow to effort. The metric tensor can be represented by the Hessian of the interaction potential. Now the interaction potential or cost function can be among two entities: 3 entities or ‘N’ entities and can be separated into two main parts. The first part is the repulsion potential the entities move further from the others to obtain minimum cost, the second part is the attraction potential for which the entities move near to others to obtain the minimum cost. For Pauli's model [1], the attraction potential is a functional set of parameters given from the environment (all the elements that have an influence in the module can be the attraction of one entity to another). Now the cost function can be created in a space of macro-variables or macro-states that is less of all possible variables. Any macro-variable collect a set of micro-variables or microstates. Now from the hessian of the macro-variables, the Hessian is computed of the micro-variables in the singular points as stable or unstable only by matrix calculus without any analytical computation - possible when the macro-states are distant among entities. Trivially, the same method can be obtained by a general definition of the macro-variable or macro-states and micro-states or variables. As cloud computing for Sensor-Actor Networks (SANETS) is based on the bonding concept for complex interrelated systems; the bond valence or couple corresponds to the minimum of the interaction potential V and in the SANET cloud as the minimum cost.
Synthesis and Implementation of Reconfigurable PLC on FPGA Platform
Authors: Milik Adam , Hrynkiewicz Edward 
Published: April 2012

Synthesis and Implementation of Reconfigurable PLC on FPGA PlatformThe paper presents a set of algorithms dedicated for synthesis of reconfigurable logic controllers implemented on FPGA platform and programmed according to IEC1131 and EN61131. The program is compiled to hardware structure with a massive parallel processing. The developed method automatically allocates resources and operations. It controls resource usage and operation timing. Using mixed concept of operation allocation that considers operation timing and forms combinatorial chains of operations number of execution cycles can be reduced. An example of logic functions, PID controller and mixed arithmetic and logic programming examples are considered. Introducing the automatic implementation method allows flexible implementing the control algorithms. The maximal possible parallelism (limited only by the algorithm dependencies and available resources) is introduced.
Studies of Neotropical Phasmatodea XII: Pseudophasma lakini sp. n. - a new stick insect from eastern Ecuador (Phasmatodea: Pseudophasmatidae: Pseudophasmatinae)
Authors: Conle Oskar , Hennemann Frank 
Published: April 2012

Studies of Neotropical Phasmatodea XII: Pseudophasma lakini sp. n. - a new stick insect from eastern Ecuador (Phasmatodea: Pseudophasmatidae: Pseudophasmatinae)
Pseudophasma lakini sp. n., a remarkable new phasmid from the eastern Andean slopes of Ecuador (Province Napo) is described and illustrated (both sexes and eggs). The original specimens were collected by Curtis Lakin (U. K.) in 2008, after whom it is named. The new species differs from all other known representatives of Pseudophasma Kirby, 1896 by the distinctly lobed meso- and metafemora and the shape of the tegmina. The holotype is deposited in the State Zoological Collections Munich, Germany (ZSMC), and the paratypes in MNHN, BMNH and in the private collections of the authors (coll. OC and coll. FH).
Morphology of the first instar nymph of Leucaspis loewi Colvée (Hemiptera: Coccinea: Diaspididae)
Authors: Podsiadło Elżbieta , Mazurkiewicz Anna 
Published: April 2012

Morphology of the first instar nymph of Leucaspis loewi Colvée (Hemiptera: Coccinea: Diaspididae)
The first instar nymph of Leucaspis loewi Colvée is redescribed and illustrated. The sex has not been determined. It has 5-segmented antennae, one trilocular disc pore associated with the anterior spiracle, one pair of well-developed lobes, and fimbriate plates on all abdominal segments. Tibia and tarsus are not fused - they are separated from each other by a septum. A campaniform sensillum is always present at the bases of the tarsi. Dorsal submedian setae are present on each abdominal segment 1-7.
Rosalia longicorn Rosalia alpina (L.) (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) uses roadside European ash trees Fraxinus excelsior L. - an unexpected habitat of an endangered species
Authors: Michalcewicz Jakub , Ciach Michał 
Published: April 2012

Rosalia longicornRosalia alpina(L.) (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) uses roadside European ash treesFraxinus excelsiorL. - an unexpected habitat of an endangered speciesThe paper reports the discovery of the rosalia longicornRosalia alpinaon European ash treesFraxinus excelsiorin the Magura National Park (Beskid Niski Mts, SE Poland) in August 2011. Imagines were found on dead trees growing by the side of a road running between a forest and a meadow. At least eleven individuals were observed, including mating beetles. The data on this previously unknown habitat of the rosalia longicorn in Poland are discussed in the context of its trophic relationships and habitat requirements, as well as species conservation issues.
Curve Parameterization and Curvature via Method of Hurwitz-Radon Matrices
Authors: Jakóbczak Dariusz 
Published: April 2012

Curve Parameterization and Curvature via Method of Hurwitz-Radon Matrices
Parametric representation of the curve is more appropriate in computer vision applications then explicit form y = f(x) or implicit representation f(x, y) = 0. Proposed method of Hurwitz-Radon Matrices (MHR) can be used in parameterization and interpolation of curves in the plane. Suitable parameterization leads to curvature calculations. Points with local maximum curvature are treated as feature points in object recognition and image analysis. This paper contains the way of curve parameterization and computing the curvature in the range of two successive interpolation nodes via MHR method. Proposed method is based on a family of Hurwitz-Radon (HR) matrices. The matrices are skew-symmetric and possess columns composed of orthogonal vectors. The operator of Hurwitz-Radon (OHR), built from these matrices, is described. It is shown how to create the orthogonal OHR and how to use it in a process of curve parameterization and curvature calculation.