bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: Chemistry and Biology of Mycotoxins and Related Fungal Metabolites
Authors: Braese Stefan , Encinas Arantxa , Keck Julia , Nising Carl F. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: The Chemistry Behind the Sol—Gel Synthesis of Complex Oxide Nanoparticles for Bioimaging Applications
Authors: Kessler Vadim G. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Enhanced Transdermal Drug Delivery Techniques: An Extensive Review of Patents
Authors: Rizwan Mohammad , Aqil Mohammad , Talegaonkar Sushama , Azeem Adnan , Sultana Yasmin , Ali Asgar 
Published: November 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Catalytic Technology for Carbon Dioxide Reforming of Methane to Synthesis Gas
Authors: Fan Mun‐Sing , Abdullah Ahmad Zuhairi , Bhatia Subhash 
Published: November 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: The Emerging Therapeutic Potential of Histone Methyltransferase and Demethylase Inhibitors
Authors: Spannhoff Astrid , Hauser Alexander‐Thomas , Heinke Ralf , Sippl Wolfgang , Jung Manfred 
Published: November 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Energy Localization in Molecules, Bifurcation Phenomena, and Their Spectroscopic Signatures: The Global View
Authors: Farantos Stavros C. , Schinke Reinhard , Guo Hua , Joyeux Marc 
Published: November 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Polymicrobial lung infection in postrenal transplant recipient diagnosed by fine‐needle aspiration cytology
Authors: Duggal Rajan , Rajwanshi Arvind , Gupta Nalini , Lal Anupam , Singhal Manphool 
Published: November 2009

AbstractTuberculous and fungal infections are among the non‐neoplastic lesions of the lung, in which fine‐needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) has proven to be a useful technique in both immunocompromised and immunocompetent patients. The presence of polymicrobial infection in a renal transplant recipient is documented in the literature, but has rarely been diagnosed on cytology. We report a case of concomitant pulmonary cryptococcosis, aspergillosis, and tuberculosis in a renal transplant recipient diagnosed on FNAC.A 50‐year‐old renal transplant recipient, asymptomatic for 3 year, presented with intermittent low‐grade fever associated with cough, expectoration, and a newly developed cavitatory lesion in the left lung on chest X‐ray. Computed tomography‐guided FNAC performed on the lung lesion showed fungal profiles with septate hyphae and acute‐angled branching consistent with morphology of Aspergillus. In addition, numerous yeast forms of cryptococcus and a few acid‐fast mycobacterial tubercle bacilli were seen.Guided FNAC is a useful and reliable technique for the diagnosis of pulmonary infection. One should always keep in mind the possibility of polymicrobial infections especially inimmunocompromised patients. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2010. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Cervical cytology in patients with postmenopausal bleeding
Authors: Kaur Jasleen , Dey Pranab , Saha Subhash Chandra , Rajwanshi Arvind , Nijhawan Raje , Radhika Srinivasan , Gupta Nalini 
Published: November 2009

AbstractIn this study, the role of cervical cytology in the diagnosis of post or perimenopausal (PM) bleeding was explored. A total of 135 patients with PM bleeding were selected. In all these cases both conventional cervical cytology and histopathology follow up were available. The commonest causes of postmenopausal (PM) bleeding with abnormal histopathology were squamous cell carcinoma of cervix (14), endocervical polyp (13), endometrial adenocarcinomas (13) and simple hyperplasia without atypia (13). There were a total 13 cases of endometrial adenocarcinoma and cervical smears of these cases were reported as high grade squamous intra epithelial lesion (1), presence of endometrial cells (4), unsatisfactory due to low cellularity (2), and within normal limit (6). In brief, endometrial carcinoma and hyperplasia are the predominant causes of PM bleeding due to endometrial pathology. The presence of benign looking endometrial cells with PM bleeding always indicates a careful work upto exclude endometrial pathology. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2010. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Anti‐diabetic effect of standardized extract of Potentilla discolor Bunge and identification of its active components
Authors: Yang Jie , Chen Hong , Zhang Li , Wang Qiang , Lai Mao‐Xiang 
Published: November 2009

AbstractPotentilla discolor Bunge, a Chinese folk medicine, has been used for the treatment of diabetes for many years. Unfortunately, little information is available on its bioactive components and mechanism of action. We report the anti‐diabetic effect of P. discolor on normal and alloxan‐induced diabetic mice, as well as the possible constituents and mechanism responsible for this activity. We found that the standardized extract of P. discolor (EPD) had little effect on the glucose levels of normal mice, while a dose‐dependent hypoglycemic effect was observed in diabetic mice. Glucose tolerance test data indicated that there was a significantly higher rate of glucose disposal after EPD treatment. Phytochemical characterization indicated that the major components of EPD were triterpenes and flavonoids that could inhibit the activity of glycogen phosphorylase (GP) in vitro. Tormentic acid, asiatic acid, and potengriffioside A exhibited inhibitory effects on GP (IC50=90.6, 65.4, and 85.9 µM, respectively). The inhibition on GP may be one molecular mechanism through which EPD ameliorates hyperglycemia. These results suggest P. discolor extract may offer an alternate treatment for diabetes. Drug Dev Res, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Enhanced bioavailability and antihistamine effects by transdermal administration of loratadine gels containing an enhancer in rats
Authors: Cho Cheong‐Weon , Choi Jun‐Shik , Shin Sang‐Chul 
Published: November 2009

AbstractThe present study examined the feasibility of transdermal administration of loratadine gels containing an enhancer to rats by comparing the pharmacokinetic parameters of loratadine after transdermal, oral, or intravenous administration. Transdermal administration of loratadine gel (12 mg/kg applied to the abdominal skin) with an enhancer produced a significantly higher plasma concentration of loratadine than the loratadine gel without the enhancer (control). The average areas under the serum concentration‐time curves (AUC) was 929±148 h·ng/ml for oral administration, and 3,318±530.9 h·ng/ml for intravenous administration. The AUC of transdermal administration with and without the enhancer was 2,054±328.0 h·ng/ml and 1,094±176.5 h·ng/ml, respectively. The enhancer increased the relative bioavailability by 1.88‐fold (P<0.01). Transdermal application of the loratadine gel containing polyoxyethylene 2‐stearyl ether inhibited the increase in vascular permeability induced by histamine by 28.62%, whereas the loratadine gel without enhancer inhibited the permeability by 20.33%. In conclusion, the loratadine gel system containing an enhancer could be developed as a transdermal delivery system providing the increased constant plasma concentration and antihistamine effects. Drug Dev Res, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Downstream targets of GATA3 in the vestibular sensory organs of the inner ear
Authors: Alvarado David M. , Veile Rose , Speck Judith , Warchol Mark , Lovett Michael 
Published: November 2009

AbstractHaploinsufficiency for the transcription factor GATA3 leads to hearing loss in humans. It is expressed throughout the auditory sensory epithelium (SE). In the vestibular organs, GATA3 is limited to the striola reversal zone of the utricle. Stereocilia orientation shifts 180° at this region, which contains morphologically distinct type‐I hair cells. The striola is conserved in all amniotes, its function is unknown, and GATA3 is the only known marker of the reversal zone. To identify downstream targets of GATA3 that might point to striolar function, we measured gene expression differences between striolar and extra‐striolar SE. These were compared with profiles after GATA3 RNAi and GATA3 over‐expression. We identified four genes (BMP2, FKHL18, LMO4, and MBNL2) that consistently varied with GATA3. Two of these (LMO4 and MBNL2) were shown to be direct targets of GATA3 by ChIP. Our results suggest that GATA3 impacts WNT signaling in this region of the sensory macula. Developmental Dynamics 238:3093–3102, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Nafion Film Immobilized Nano Ag‐Hg Amalgam Glassy Carbon Electrode Used for Simultaneous Determination of Lead, Cadmium and Copper
Authors: Guo Dawang , Li Jing , Yuan Jipei , Zhou Weihong , Wang Erkang 
Published: November 2009

AbstractIn this work, a new route to reduce the toxicity of the mercury electrode was presented. Nafion was used as soft template to generate nanosized Ag‐Hg amalgams on the surface of a glassy carbon electrode other than the traditional preparation of solid amalgam electrodes. As less mercury was used and it was immobilized by Ag and Nafion film, the toxicity of mercury was reduced. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) showed that the size of the formed nano Ag‐Hg amalgams was about 50 nm. Finally, the prepared electrode was used to the determination of heavy metals. Good reproducibility, linearity and sensitivity were obtained when it was utilized for the determination of Cd2+, Pb2+ and Cu2+ in deionized water and in tap water (without any further treatment).
Flow‐Through Assay of Quinine Using Solid Contact Potentiometric Sensors Based on Molecularly Imprinted Polymers
Authors: Kamel Ayman H. , Sayour Hossam E. M. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractMiniaturized potentiometric membrane sensors for quinine incorporated with molecular imprinted polymer (MIP) were synthesized and implemented. Planar PVC based polymeric membrane sensors containing quinine‐methacrylic and/or acrylic acid‐ethylene glycol methacrylate were dispensed into anisotropically etched wells on polyimide wafers. The determination of quinine was carried out in acidic solution at pH 6, where positively charged species predominated prevalently. The suggested miniaturized planner sensors exhibited marked selectivity, sensitivity, long‐term stability and reproducibility. At their optimum conditions, the sensors displayed wide concentration ranges of 4.0×10−6–1.0×10−2mol L−1 and 1.0×10−5–1.0×10−2 mol L−1 with slopes of about 61.3–55.7 mV decade−1; respectively. Sensors exhibit detection limits of 1.2×10−6 and 8.2×10−6 mol L−1 upon the use of methacrylic and acrylic acid monomers in the imprinted polymer, respectively. Validation of the assay method according to the quality assurance standards (range, within‐day repeatability, between‐day variability, standard deviation, accuracy, and good performance characteristics) which could assure good reliable novel sensors for quinine estimation was justified. Application of the proposed flow‐through assay method for routine determination of quinine in soft drinks was assayed and the results compared favorably with data obtained by the standard fluorimetric method.
Treatment of antibiotic fermentation wastewater using the combined polyferric sulfate coagulation with Fenton‐like oxidation
Authors: Xing Zipeng , Sun Dezhi , Yu Xiujuan 
Published: November 2009

AbstractThe combined polyferric sulfate (PFS) coagulation with Fenton‐like was investigated for treating nondegradable antibiotic fermentation wastewater. The experimental results indicated that 62.2% of chemical oxygen demand (COD) and 66.7% of color were removed, under the optimum conditions of coagulant dosage 200 mg/L, stirring time 12 min, and settling time 1 h. From the PFS characterization by means of Fourier transform infrared, X‐ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope, and transmission electron microscope, it was believed that PFS coagulation was a mechanism including adsorption, neutralization of charged particles, and bridging between colloid particles. In addition, optimal conditions of Fenton‐like process were determined to be H2O2 dosage of 150 mg/L and oxalic acid of 45 mg/L. With effluents of Fenton‐like being controlled at pH 7.0, the pollutants could be coagulated further. The hydroxyl radicals measurement by means of electron paramagnetic resonance showed that Fenton‐like system could produce more HO· than did photo‐Fenton system. The total removal efficiencies of COD and color could reach 93.5 and 96.7%, respectively. © 2009 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 2010
The suitability of metallic iron for environmental remediation
Authors: Noubactep Chicgoua 
Published: November 2009

AbstractAqueous contaminant removal in the presence of metallic iron is often regarded as a reductive transformation mediated by the Fe0 surface. However, successful removal of theoretically nonreducible contaminants has been largely reported. This article presents a rebuttal of the concept of contaminant reductive transformation. It is argued through a careful examination of the evolution of the volume and adsorptive properties of iron and its corrosion products that contaminants are primarily adsorbed and coprecipitated with iron corrosion products. One may wonder how the Fe0 technology will develop with the new concept. © 2009 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 2010
Definitive molecular cytogenetic characterization of 15 colorectal cancer cell lines
Authors: Knutsen Turid , Padilla‐Nash Hesed M. , Wangsa Danny , Barenboim‐Stapleton Linda , Camps Jordi , McNeil Nicole , Difilippantonio Michael J. , Ried Thomas 
Published: November 2009

AbstractIn defining the genetic profiles in cancer, cytogenetically aberrant cell lines derived from primary tumors are important tools for the study of carcinogenesis. Here, we present the results of a comprehensive investigation of 15 established colorectal cancer cell lines using spectral karyotyping (SKY), fluorescence in situ hybridization, and comparative genomic hybridization (CGH). Detailed karyotypic analysis by SKY on five of the lines (P53HCT116, T84, NCI‐H508, NCI‐H716, and SK‐CO‐1) is described here for the first time. The five lines with karyotypes in the diploid range and that are characterized by defects in DNA mismatch repair had a mean of 4.8 chromosomal abnormalities per line, whereas the 10 aneuploid lines exhibited complex karyotypes and a mean of 30 chromosomal abnormalities. Of the 150 clonal translocations, only eight were balanced and none were recurrent among the lines. We also reviewed the karyotypes of 345 cases of adenocarcinoma of the large intestine listed in the Mitelman Database of Chromosome Aberrations in Cancer. The types of abnormalities observed in the cell lines reflected those seen in primary tumors: there were no recurrent translocations in either tumors or cell lines; isochromosomes were the most common recurrent abnormalities; and breakpoints occurred most frequently at the centromeric/pericentromeric and telomere regions. Of the genomic imbalances detected by array CGH, 87% correlated with chromosome aberrations observed in the SKY studies. The fact that chromosome abnormalities predominantly result in copy number changes rather than specific chromosome or gene fusions suggests that this may be the major mechanism leading to carcinogenesis in colorectal cancer. Published 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Microscale and nanoscale surface strain mapping of single asperity wear in ultra high molecular weight polyethylene: Effects of materials, load, and asperity geometry
Authors: Wernlé James D. , Gilbert Jeremy L. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractWear of ultra high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) is a limiting factor in longevity of joint replacements. Therefore, there is a desire to create new materials and enhance processing conditions associated with current materials to reduce wear. This requires understanding the effects of processing on performance of implants and of micron‐scale wear mechanisms ongoing. Our goal is to generate detailed understanding of the micron‐scale deformation‐structure‐properties relationships associated with UHMWPE subject to asperity wear processes and ultimately to be predictive of material success, in vivo. In this work, a surface strain analysis technique is developed and used to measure permanent strain from asperity deformations on the nano and micro scales. Deformation was applied to four material types (GUR 1050, GUR 1020, Hylamer, and Marathon) varying in molecular weight, crystallinity, and crosslinking. Surface strains were determined by mapping surface deformation fields and were compared across loading conditions and spatial scale, with variations in tip geometry and size, contact load, and material. Surface strains increased with asperity load for a fixed tip and were dependent on UHMWPE material, with a highly crystalline form exhibiting the most plastic strain and a crosslinked form exhibiting the least. Different asperity geometry [spherical microindenters with radius of 20 and 1500 μm, and a nanoindenter (Berkovich‐type)] resulted in different surface strains (e.g., Berkovich vs. spherical were not similar) even when the nominal contact stress was similar. Finally, the extent of deformation during asperity wear correlates to the level of viscoelastic recovery of the materials observed after indentation testing. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 2010
Magnetic resonance imaging studies on gadonanotube‐reinforced biodegradable polymer nanocomposites
Authors: Sitharaman Balaji , Van Der Zande Meike , Ananta Jeyarama S. , Shi Xinfeng , Veltien Andor , Walboomers X. Frank , Wilson Lon J. , Mikos Antonios G. , Heerschap Arend , Jansen John A. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractWe report about the in vitro cytotoxicity and MRI studies of Gd3+ions‐doped ultra‐short single‐walled carbon nanotube (gadonanotubes), gadonanotubes‐ reinforced poly(lactic‐co‐glycolic acid) (PLGA) polymer nanocomposites and in vivo small animal MRI studies using the gadonanotubes. These studies were performed to explore the suitability of gadonanotubes‐reinforced PLGA polymer nanocomposite as a model scaffold for noninvasive magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to evaluate nanotube release during the degradation process of the scaffold and their biodistribution upon release from the polymer matrix in vivo. The gadonanotubes at 1–100 ppm and the gadonanotubes/PLGA nanocomposites (2 wt % gadonanotubes) did not show any cytotoxicity in vitro as demonstrated using the LIVE/DEAD viability assay. For the first time, r2 relaxivity measurements were obtained for the superparamagnetic gadonanotubes. In vitro 7T MRI of the superparamagnetic gadonanotubes ([Gd] = 0.15 mM) suspended in a biocompatible 1% Pluronic F127 solution, gave a r2 value of 578 mM−1 s−1. Upon subcutaneous injection of the gadonanotubes suspension into the dorsal region of rats, the high r2 value translated into excellent and prolonged negative contrast enhancement of in vivo
T2weighted proton MRI images. The in vitro characterization of the nanocomposite discs and their degradation process by MRI, showed strong influence of the gadonanotube on water proton relaxations. These results indicate that the gadonanotubes/PLGA nanocomposites are suitable for further in vivo studies to track by MRI the biodegradation release and biodistribution of gadonanotubes. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 2010
Nondestructive evaluation of bone cement and bone cement/metal interface failure
Authors: Browne M. , Jeffers J. R. T. , Saffari N. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractTo quantify the failure mechanisms related to the loosening of cemented hip joint replacements, novel techniques, capable of monitoring, nondestructively, the initiation and progression of failure duringin vitrofatigue tests, were employed. Fatigue testing of model cement and cement‐stem test pieces was monitored using acoustic emission (AE) sensors. Once damage was detected, an ultrasonic imaging system was used to obtain an image of the damage site and to measure the stiffness of the affected region. This method of examination provided a detailed insight into the internal crack propagation and delamination patterns. Initial work was conducted on bulk cement specimens subjected to bending and tension. The second stage of the work examined a model stem‐cement interface under tensile opening loading conditions. A novel ultrasonic technique was used to measure the bond quality at the cement‐metal interface. Progressive delamination was identified over time, and the AE technique was able to identify critical areas of delamination before they could be identified conclusively by ultrasonic imaging. The work has demonstrated the potential of the AE technique as a tool for the preclinical assessment of total hip replacements. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2010