bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Government expenditure and growth in developing countries
Authors: Dao Minh Quang 
Published: February 2012

Purpose This article investigates the impact of the growth of the share of various government expenditure programmes in the GDP on economic growth in developing countries while taking into consideration the major issue of potential simultaneity. Findings Based on data from the World Bank and using two samples of 28 developing economies, we find that per capita GDP growth is dependent upon the growth of per capita public health expenditure in the GDP, growth of per capita public spending on education in the GDP, population growth, growth of the share of total health expenditure in the GDP and the share of gross capital formation in the GDP. Practical implications Statistical results of such empirical examination will assist policy-makers in developing countries prioritize their government expenditure in order to stimulate economic growth. Methodology/approach Data for all variables are from the World Development Indicators (2008 and 2010). We specify and estimate a simultaneous equations model which consists of two government expenditure growth equations and a GDP growth equation. We observe that some coefficient estimates do not have the expected sign due to possible collinearity among some independent variables.
Microsatellites reveal a strong subdivision of genetic structure in Chinese populations of the mite Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae)
Authors: Sun Jing-Tao , Lian Chunlan , Navajas Maria , Hong Xiao-Yue 
Published: February 2012

AbstractBackgroundTwo colour forms of the two-spotted spider mite (Tetranychus urticaeKoch) coexist in China: a red (carmine) form, which is considered to be native and a green form which is considered to be invasive. The population genetic diversity and population genetic structure of this organism were unclear in China, and there is a controversy over whether they constitute distinct species. To address these issues, we genotyped a total of 1,055 individuals from 18 red populations and 7 green populations in China using eight microsatellite loci.ResultsWe identified 109 alleles. We found a highly significant genetic differentiation among the 25 populations (globalFST= 0.506, globalFST{ENA}= 0.473) and a low genetic diversity in each population. In addition, genetic diversity of the red form mites was found to be higher than the green form. Pearson correlations between statistics of variation (ARandHE) and geographic coordinates (latitude and longitude) showed that the genetic diversity of the red form was correlated with latitude. Using Bayesian clustering, we divided the Chinese mite populations into five clades which were well congruent with their geographic distributions.ConclusionsSpider mites possess low levels of genetic diversity, limit gene flow between populations and significant and IBD (isolation by distance) effect. These factors in turn contribute to the strong subdivision of genetic structure. In addition, population genetic structure results don't support the separation of the two forms of spider mite into two species. The morphological differences between the two forms of mites may be a result of epigenetic effects.
A minimal model of peptide binding predicts ensemble properties of serum antibodies
Authors: Greiff Victor , Redestig Henning , Lück Juliane , Bruni Nicole , Valai Atijeh , Hartmann Susanne , Rausch Sebastian , Schuchhardt Johannes , Or-Guil Michal 
Published: February 2012

Abstract

Background
The importance of peptide microarrays as a tool for serological diagnostics has strongly increased over the last decade. However, interpretation of the binding signals is still hampered by our limited understanding of the technology. This is in particular true for arrays probed with antibody mixtures of unknown complexity, such as sera. To gain insight into how signals depend on peptide amino acid sequences, we probed random-sequence peptide microarrays with sera of healthy and infected mice. We analyzed the resulting antibody binding profiles with regression methods and formulated a minimal model to explain our findings.

Results
Multivariate regression analysis relating peptide sequence to measured signals led to the definition of amino acid-associated weights. Although these weights do not contain information on amino acid position, they predict up to 40-50% of the binding profiles' variation. Mathematical modeling shows that this position-independent ansatz is only adequate for highly diverse random antibody mixtures which are not dominated by a few antibodies. Experimental results suggest that sera from healthy individuals correspond to that case, in contrast to sera of infected ones.

Conclusions
Our results indicate that position-independent amino acid-associated weights predict linear epitope binding of antibody mixtures only if the mixture is random, highly diverse, and contains no dominant antibodies. The discovered ensemble property is an important step towards an understanding of peptide-array serum-antibody binding profiles. It has implications for both serological diagnostics and B cell epitope mapping.
Magnetic nanoparticles: preparation, physical properties, and applications in biomedicine
Authors: Akbarzadeh Abolfazl , Samiei Mohammad , Davaran Soodabeh 
Published: February 2012

Abstract
Finally, we have addressed some relevant findings on the importance of having well-defined synthetic strategies developed for the generation of MNPs, with a focus on particle formation mechanism and recent modifications made on the preparation of monodisperse samples of relatively large quantities not only with similar physical features, but also with similar crystallochemical characteristics. Then, different methodologies for the functionalization of the prepared MNPs together with the characterization techniques are explained. Theorical views on the magnetism of nanoparticles are considered.
Kinetic nanofriction: a mechanism transition from quasi-continuous to ballistic-like Brownian regime
Authors: Jafary-Zadeh Mehdi , Reddy Chilla Damodara , Sorkin Viacheslav , Zhang Yong-Wei 
Published: February 2012

Abstract
Surface diffusion of mobile adsorbates is not only the key to control the rate of dynamical processes on solid surfaces, e.g. epitaxial growth, but also of fundamental importance for recent technological applications, such as nanoscale electro-mechanical, tribological, and surface probing devices. Though several possible regimes of surface diffusion have been suggested, the nanoscale surface Brownian motion, especially in the technologically important low friction regimes, remains largely unexplored. Using molecular dynamics simulations, we show for the first time, that a C60 admolecule on a graphene substrate exhibits two distinct regimes of nanoscale Brownian motion: a quasi-continuous and a ballistic-like. A crossover between these two regimes is realized by changing the temperature of the system. We reveal that the underlying physical origin for this crossover is a mechanism transition of kinetic nanofriction arising from distinctive ways of interaction between the admolecule and the graphene substrate in these two regimes due to the temperature change. Our findings provide insight into surface mass transport and kinetic friction control at the nanoscale.
Common fixed points of ordered g-quasicontractions and weak contractions in ordered metric spaces
Authors: Golubović Zoran , Kadelburg Zoran , Radenović Stojan 
Published: February 2012

Abstract
We introduce ordered quasicontractions and g-quasicontractions in partially ordered metric spaces and prove the respective coincidence point and (common) fixed point results. An example shows that the new concepts are distinct from the existing ones. We also prove fixed point theorems for mappings satisfying so-called weak contractive conditions in the setting of partially ordered metric space. Hence, generalizations of several known results are obtained.

Mathematics Subject Classification (2010): 47H10; 47N10.
Stability of the Jensen equation in C*-algebras: a fixed point approach
Authors: Kenary Hassan Azadi , Rezaei Hamid , Talebzadeh Saedeh , Park Choonkil 
Published: February 2012

Abstract
Using fixed point method, we prove the Hyers-Ulam stability of homomorphisms in C*-algebras and Lie C*-algebras and also of derivations on C*-algebras and Lie C*-algebras for the Jensen equation.

2010 Mathematics Subject Classification: 39B82; 47H10; 46L05; 39B52.
A parametric method for cumulative incidence modeling with a new four-parameter log-logistic distribution
Authors: Shayan Zahra , Ayatollahi SeyyedMohammadTaghi , Zare Najaf 
Published: February 2012

Abstract

Background
Competing risks, which are particularly encountered in medical studies, are an important topic of concern, and appropriate analyses must be used for these data. One feature of competing risks is the cumulative incidence function, which is modeled in most studies using non- or semi-parametric methods. However, parametric models are required in some cases to ensure maximum efficiency, and to fit various shapes of hazard function.

Methods
We have used the stable distributions family of Hougaard to propose a new four-parameter distribution by extending a two-parameter log-logistic distribution, and carried out a simulation study to compare the cumulative incidence estimated with this distribution with the estimates obtained using a non-parametric method. To test our approach in a practical application, the model was applied to a set of real data on fertility history.

Conclusions
The results of simulation studies showed that the estimated cumulative incidence function was more accurate than non-parametric estimates in some settings. Analyses of real data indicated that the proposed distribution showed a much better fit to the data than the other distributions tested. Therefore, the new distribution is recommended for practical applications to parameterize the cumulative incidence function in competing risk settings.
Anxiety-depressive disorders among irritable bowel syndrome patients in Guilan, Iran
Authors: Modabbernia Mohamad-Jafar , Mansour-Ghanaei Fariborz , Imani Ali , Mirsafa-Moghaddam Seyed-Alireza , Sedigh-Rahimabadi Massih , Yousefi-Mashhour Mahmoud , Joukar Farahnaz , Atrkar-Roushan Zahra , Bidel Siamak 
Published: February 2012

Abstract

Background
Psychiatric disorders are common in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) patients. The prevalence of psychiatric disorders in IBS patients varies in different cultures. We conducted this study to determine the prevalence of psychiatric disorders

Methods
In a cross-sectional study, 256 IBS patients were selected (using the criteria of Rome III) and evaluated for psychiatric disorders. In the first phase, subjects were screened using the General Health Questionnaire 28 (GHQ28). In the second phase, those who had scores ≥ 23 were assessed through semi-structured psychiatric interviews.

Results
Thirty out of 256 subjects had no significant psychiatric symptoms after performing GHQ28. In further psychiatric evaluation of the remaining subjects (226) who suffered from some degree of a psychiatric problem, 36 were diagnosed without Anxiety/Depressive disorder. Thus 66 subjects (25.8%) were known as a group without any significant psychiatric problem. A total of 190 subjects (74.2%) with anxiety-depressive problems were diagnosed; 89 were suffering from pure anxiety disorders, 41 were suffering from depressive disorders and 60 had co-morbid anxiety-depressive disorders. When comparing anxiety-depressive patients (n = 190) with normal subjects (n = 66), gender (P = 0.016), occupation (P = 0.002) and intensity of IBS (P < 0.001) showed statistically significant differences.

Conclusion
The high prevalence of anxiety-depressive disorders in this study indicates the necessity of psychiatric assessment, early diagnosis and treatment of the patients with IBS. It may improve management of the patients suffering from IBS.
The effects of precision, haematocrit, pH and oxygen tension on point-of-care glucose measurement in critically ill patients: a prospective study
Authors: Watkinson Peter James , Barber Vicki Suzanne , Amira Esther , James Timothy , Taylor Richard , Young John Duncan 
Published: February 2012

Background Critical care glycaemic control protocols commonly have treatment adjustment (target) ranges spanning ≤2 mmol/L. These require precise point-of-care glucose measurement, unaffected by other variables, to avoid measurement errors increasing glycaemic variability and hypoglycaemic episodes (both strongly associated with mortality in critically ill patients). Methods A prospective 206 intensive care patient study was carried out. Arterial glucose concentrations were measured in duplicate using three point-of-care instruments (MediSense Precision PC χ, HemoCue DM and Radiometer 700), a central laboratory instrument (Siemens ADVIA), and in whole blood and plasma using the Yellow Springs Instruments 2300 instrument. Results Coefficients of variation for the MediSense, HemoCue, Radiometer and Siemens instruments were 5.1%, 2.5%, 2.1% and 2.3%, respectively. Compared with the Siemens instrument, the bias (95% limits of agreement) for the MediSense, HemoCue and Radiometer instruments were 0.0 (−1.4 to 1.4), 0.0 (−1.2 to 1.1) and −0.2 (−0.9 to 0.6) mmol/L, respectively. The whole blood–plasma glucose concentration difference was significantly affected by the haematocrit. MediSense and HemoCue instrument performances were substantially affected by haematocrit. MediSense instrument performance was also affected by pH and PaO2. Radiometer instrument performance was not affected by haematocrit, pH or PaO2. Conclusions The MediSense instrument was too imprecise for use in critically ill patients. The haematocrit range seen is too great to allow fixed-factor conversion between whole blood and plasma values, substantially affecting the accuracy of both glucose meters. However, the Radiometer instrument was unaffected by the haematocrit, pH or pO2, resulting in a performance equivalent to the laboratory method. Instrument performance differences may therefore partially explain the differing results of tight glycaemic control therapy trials.
Biblische Passionen als Herausforderung. Verhandlung, emotionale Entschärfung und Rekonstruktion des Abrahamsopfers im Koran
Authors: Neuwirth Angelika 
Published: February 2012

Abstract
Abraham’s willingness to sacrifice his son, the “binding of Isaac”, already in early Church tradition was discovered as the prototype of the Christian passion story, Abraham figuring as the “type” of God Father, Isaac as the “type” of Christ. The Biblical story which is told in a strongly emotional tone, thus was to find its continuation in a passion story loaded with triggers of emotion. What is less well known is that the story has equally strongly affected the emergence of the third monotheist religion, Islam. Its formative impact on the Qur’anic concepts of sacrifice on the one hand and on the critique of genealogy as a source of authority on the other has until now not been exhaustingly studied. The paper attempts to locate the “passion story of Abraham’s sacrifice” within the Qur’anic development which finally came to rank Abraham as the most significant model of a monotheist believer, a precursor of the Prophet Muhammad. Here, the figure of Abraham at the same time features as a counter-model to the image of Abraham established in Christianity. To blur the image of the emotionally loaded prototype of God Father in the Christian passion story, the Qur’anic Abraham was required to defy any sacrificial pathos (generated by the “un-natural” preference of loyalty toward God over his paternal love) and to perform an act of mere faithfulness – being exculpated from the monstrosity of child sacrifice thanks to his son’s agreement to participate in the act.
Glaube und Emotion im Islam
Authors: Hamdi Mehrez 
Published: February 2012

Zusammenfassung
Die Bedeutung von Emotion und Sinnlichkeit bzw. Körperlichkeit für den Glauben im Islam wird herausgearbeitet anhand des oppositorischen, aber notwendig aufeinander bezogenen Begriffspaares von targhīb und tarhīb, Verheißung und Drohung als Konsequenzen der gläubigen bzw. der ungläubigen oder unrechten Lebensführung. Eingeführt von den frühen Kommentatoren des Koran, sind diese Maximen aber in der Gegenwart von einer anmaßenden und über das Ziel hinausschießenden Interpretation bedroht.
Gerechtigkeit als Antwort auf das Gefühl von Unrecht
Authors: Mate Reyes 
Published: February 2012

Zusammenfassung
Moderne Gerechtigkeitstheorien stellen sich in ihrem Ursprung als Antwort auf die bestehenden Ungleichheiten dar. Auffällig ist dabei, dass dieser erste Impuls sich auflöst, sobald die Philosophen mit der Erarbeitung von Theorien beginnen. Es scheint, als ob die ungerechte Wirklichkeit nur der Motivation dient, aber jeglichen relevanten Inhalts für die theoretische Reflexion entbehrt. Ist eine Vorstellung von Gerechtigkeit möglich, die in ihrer theoretischen Elaborierung dem Initialmoment des empfundenen Unrechts treu bleibt und die das Gefühl der Empörung nicht aus den Augen verliert? Sie ist möglich, sofern wir zwischen Ungleichheit und Ungerechtigkeit zu unterscheiden wissen, sofern wir die anamnetische Vernunft anrufen und die Theorie der Gerechtigkeit als eine Abhandlung der Ungerechtigkeit verstehen.
Democracy, Hatred, and Righteous Wrath
Authors: Bodei Remo 
Published: February 2012

Abstract
This article is about two passions – hatred and anger – in contemporary Western democratic societies. In the totalitarian experiences of the 20th century hatred (nationalistic, racial, or between classes) was the dominant passion. The subsequent establishment of democracy, “mild” by nature, is today confronted with the forming of a terrible mixture in which ethnic and religious hatred (sometimes caused by humiliation) tends to melt in the defense of a collective identity whose survival is felt to be threatened.
Globalisierung der Emotionen
Authors: Poulain Jacques 
Published: February 2012

Zusammenfassung
Die Globalisierung der Emotionen wurde in der jüdisch-christlichen Pragmatik wie eine Entdeckung hervorgebracht, die die Emotionen im Gefühl der Liebe regulieren könnte. Diese Pragmatik wurde indes durch die neoliberale Globalisierung und die damit verbundene Privatisierung der Welt neutralisiert. Die ethisch-politische Sprachpragmatik unternimmt den Versuch, die Öffnung anderen gegenüber durch den Konsens als regulierende Autorität wiederherzustellen. Sie belebt jedoch erneut einen Autismus der Zivilisation, und zwar deshalb, weil sie einem jeden verbietet, sein eigenes Urteil zu beurteilen, was auch die Öffnung anderen gegenüber ineffektiv werden lässt. Ein jeder kann sich seine eigenen Emotionen und die des anderen nur dann aneignen, wenn er sich auch das Wahrheitsurteil über diese Emotionen wieder aneignet und dieses mit dem anderen teilen kann, in der Art, wie er auch das Urteil betreffs der Erkenntnis und der Handlung eines jeden Dialogs mit dem anderen zu teilen hat. Die Selbstaneignung der Emotionen ergibt sich beim Gebrauch dieses Urteils dann von alleine, wie ein sekundärer Gewinn.
Figuralität und Persuasion. Barack Obamas Redekunst als Gegenstand interdisziplinärer und experimenteller Forschung
Authors: Lubrich Oliver 
Published: February 2012

Abstract
While there has been considerable discussion on “figurative” language in the larger sense, especially on cognitive aspects of metaphor, this article describes an interdisciplinary experiment which focuses on the narrower and more technical definition of figurality, i.e. on rhetorical figures as formal patterns of sound or composition (such as alliteration or anaphora) as opposed to rhetorical tropes as methods of indirect signification (such as metaphor or metonymy). In line with Greek and Roman theory on the threefold function of rhetorical language (lógos, páthos, éthos; docere, movere, conciliare) we hypothesize that figures have persuasive, affective and aesthetic effects on the reader of a text that can be determined individually as well as cumulatively. The experimental study is specifically devoted to the reception of rhetorical figures in political speeches, taking Barack Obama’s “Acceptance Speech” as an example. By ‘de-activating’ hundreds of figures in a single text, without affecting its imagery or semantics, we are able to measure differentially the degrees by which these figures enhance the effects on the recipients. In an additional experiment, we investigate how they condition the memorability of a text or its content. On the basis of classical theory (Gorgias, Aristotle, Cicero, Quintilian), integrating psychology and neuroscience, psychiatry and psychotherapy, we aim at defining an interdisciplinary research agenda for empirical and experimental as well as intercultural rhetoric.
A Review of Emotion Related Research on Organizational and Educational Issues in Turkey
Authors: Aksoy Hasan Hüseyin 
Published: February 2012

Abstract
In this study, research on emotion with specific focus in organizational and educational issues in Turkey is reviewed. Literature on organizational and educational aspects of emotional labor in general is discussed, as well as prevalent themes in educational research in Turkey, scale development efforts to measure emotional qualities, research on emotional labor and emotional intelligence in Turkey. In a critical perspective, inquiries on emotional issues, a short research history of emotional labor and emotional intelligence studies in Turkey are reviewed and evaluated.
A Statewide Trial of the SafeCare Home-based Services Model With Parents in Child Protective Services
Authors: Chaffin Mark , Hecht Debra , Bard David , Silovsky Jane F. , Beasley William Howard 
Published: February 2012

OBJECTIVES:
In this trial, we compared Child Protective Services (CPS) recidivism outcomes between the home-based SafeCare (SC) model for child neglect and comparable home-based services, but without SC modules, for parents in the CPS system across 2 quality control strategies: coached (C) and uncoached implementation. SC is a home-based behavioral skills training model designed for neglecting or maltreating parents. The study was conducted in a scaled-up, statewide implementation setting.

METHODS:
Two thousand one hundred seventy-five maltreating parents, treated by 219 home visitors, were enrolled and treated in a 2 × 2 (SC versus services as usual × C versus uncoached implementation strategy) randomized cluster experiment. Cases were followed for an average of 6 years for CPS recidivism events. Subpopulation analyses were conducted for parents meeting customary SC inclusion criteria.

RESULTS:
Consistently significant main effects in favor of SC were found across simple and more complex modeling approaches (hazard ratios = 0.74–0.83). Larger effects were found among the subpopulation meeting customary SC inclusion criteria. C implementation yielded smaller and occasionally significant effects in analyses that included more diverse cases falling outside customary SC inclusion criteria.

CONCLUSIONS:
Findings support the adoption and use of SC within CPS home-based services systems. C implementation may be especially valuable for cases where the client-model fit is less strong.