bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Monitoring Konsentrasi Timbal pada Kerang Hijau (Perna viridis) Budidaya Di Perairan Tambak Lorok
Authors: Rachman Rhima Rismiyati , Subagiyo Subagiyo , Ridlo Ali 
Published: June 2024

Tambak Lorok termasuk perairan yang dikelilingi dengan banyak aktifitas manusia seperti industri, pemukiman, pelabuhan, serta dijadikan sebagai lokasi untuk melakukan budidaya kerang hijau. Kegiatan tersebut menghasilkan limbah padat, gas, dan cair yang diduga menjadi sumberpencemaran logam berat di perairan. Budidaya kerang hijau di Tambak Lorok menggunakan metode bagan dan bambu tancap dengan spat yang dibiarkan menempel alami. Kerang hijau hasil budidaya di Perairan Tambak Lorok banyak diminati oleh masyarakat karena harganya murah dan memiliki konsentrasi gizi yang tinggi. Penelitian ini betujuan untuk mengetahui kondisi budidaya dan mengevaluasi kerang hijau hasil budidaya di Tambak Lorok berdasarkan konsentrasi timbal. Uji konsentrasi timbal dilakukan menggunakan alat AAS (Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry) dan analisis secara deskriptif. Hasil analisis menunjukkan pola sebaran kerang hijau merata dengan kepadatan yang tinggi. Konsentrasi timbal dalam kerang hijau berdasarkan hasil penelitian yaitu kurang dari 0,340 mg/kg. Nilai ini berada dibawah nilai – nilai pada tahun sebelumnya. Tambak Lorok includes waters surrounded by many human activities such as industry, settlements, ports, as well as being used as a location for cultivating green mussels. These activities produce solid, gas and liquid waste which are suspected to be the source of heavy metal pollution in the waters. Cultivating green mussels in Tambak Lorok uses the bagan method and sticking bamboo with spat which is left to stick naturally. Green mussels cultivated in Tambak Lorok waters are in great demand by the public because they are cheap and have a high concentration of nutrients. This study aims to determine the conditions of cultivation and evaluate green mussels cultivated in Tambak Lorok based on lead concentrations. Lead concentration test was carried out using AAS (Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry) and descriptive analysis. The results of the analysis show that the green mussel distribution pattern is evenly distributed with high density. Based on research results, the concentration of lead in green mussels is less than 0.340 mg/kg. This value is below the values in the previous year.
Tinjauan Perubahan dan Prediksi Garis Pantai: Studi Perbandingan Kasus di Sri Lanka dan Indonesia
Authors: Purwanti Renita , Koestoer Raldi Hendro 
Published: June 2024

Garis pantai adalah fitur geomorfologi yang sangat dinamis dan rentan mengalami perubahan yang disebabkan oleh fenomena alam ataupun aktivitas manusia. Perubahan garis pantai akan berdampak pada pengelolaan kawasan pesisir dan mengancam kelangsungan sumber daya pesisir. Pengamatan perubahan garis pantai dapat dilakukan menggunakan analisis perhitungan statistik dengan variabel statistik maupun variabel fisik. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk melakukan review dan membandingkan penelitian perubahan garis pantai dengan studi kasus di Sri Lanka dan Indonesia dengan menggunakan metode studi komparasi melalui penelusuran literatur ilmiah. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan pembangunan pelabuhan merupakan faktor paling berpengaruh dalam perubahan garis pantai di Sri Lanka, sedangkan di Indonesia dipengaruhi oleh faktor konstruksi pantai, estuari sungai, dan kedalaman dasar laut. Perubahan garis pantai di tahun 2031, dan 2041 masing – masing negara diprediksi akan mengalami erosi, abrasi, dan akresi. Dalam hal kebijakan, Perubahan garis pantai di Indonesia akan berpengaruh pada pengelolaan kawasan pesisir, khususnya dalam hal penghitungan Dana Alokasi Umum. Shoreline is a very dynamic geomorphological feature and susceptible to changes caused by natural phenomena or human activities. Shoreline changes will have an impact on the management of coastal areas and threaten the sustainability of coastal resources. Monitoring of shoreline changes can be carried out by using statistical calculation analysis with statistical variables and physical variables. This paper aims to review and compare shoreline change research with case studies in Sri Lanka and Indonesia using the comparative study method through scientific literature review. The results of this study indicate that port construction is the most influential factor in shoreline changes in Sri Lanka, while in Indonesia it is influenced by several factors such as coastal construction, river estuaries, and seabed depth. Coastline changes in 2031 and 2041 for each country are predicted to experience erosion, abrasion and accretion. In terms of policy, changes to the coastline in Indonesia will affect the management of coastal areas, especially in terms of calculating the General Allocation Fund
Analisis Vegetasi dan Struktur Kommunitas Mangrove Di Taman Nasional Karimunjawa
Authors: Drajati Fathia , Soenardjo Nirwani , Nuraini Ria Azizah Tri 
Published: June 2024

Mangrove tumbuh di daerah bersalinitas dan masih terpengaruh pasang surut atau biasa disebut daerah litoral. Ekosistem mangrove di Taman Nasional Karimunjawa tumbuh di sepanjang pesisir pantai dan muara sungai. Keberadaan ekosistem mangrove penting untuk menjaga keseimbangan ekosistem pesisir. Kondisi Ekosistem mangrove di Taman Nasional Karimunjawa tergolong baik dan rapat. Penelitian dilakukan untuk mengetahui kondisi vegetasi mangrove di Taman Nasional Karimunjawa. Metode eksplorasi ialah menjelajah seluruh kawasan stasiun penelitian sehingga diharapkan mewakili kondisi keseluruhan populasi dari objek yang diteliti. Stasiun penelitian terbagi menjadi empat yang ditentukan menggunakan metode purposive sampling. Data vegetasi dilakukan menggunakan teknik plot sampling di setiap stasiun dengan plot ukuran 10x10 m. Setiap individu kategori pohon dan anakan di dalam plot diukur keliling batang dan tingginya sementara kategori semai dihitung jumlah masing-masing jenisnya. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan November 2022. Hasil penelitian ditemukan 9 jenis mangrove 8 diantaranya ditemukan dalam plot yaitu Lumnitzera racemosa, Bruguiera gymnorizha, Ceriops tagal, Rhizophora apiculata, Rhizophora mucronata, Sonneratia alba, Excoecaria agallocha dan Xylocarpus granatum. Mangrove yang mendominasi lokasi penelitian ialah Rhizophora sp. Nilai Indeks Keanekaragaman tergolong kategori sedang dengan nilai keanekaragaman 0,932-1,464 dan Indeks Keseragaman tergolong kategori sedang dan tinggi dengan nilai yaitu 0,61 dan 0,88. Secara umum kondisi vegetasi magrove dalam kondisi baik.
Identifikasi Molekuler dan Uji Potensi Khamir Laut sebagai Penghasil Enzim Esktraseluler
Authors: Bolu Wa Ode Rima Alam Sari , Setyati Wilis Ari , Sedjati Sri 
Published: June 2024

Khamir merupakan jamur bersel tunggal yang memiliki fase reproduksi aseksual berupa pembelahan sel serta reproduksi seksual yang tidak membentuk badan buah. Penelitian mengenai keanekaragaman khamir pada lingkungan terestrial telah dieksplorasi dengan baik, namun penelitian mengenai khamir laut tergolong relatif sedikit. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengidentifikasi khamir laut secara molekuler dan menentukan potensi khamir laut sebagai penghasil enzim ekstraseluler. Metode dalam penelitian ini yaitu peremajaan isolat, uji aktivitas enzim, karakterisasi morfologi khamir secara makroskopis meliputi bentuk koloni, margin, elevasi, appearance, tekstur, dan warnanya, serta karakterisasi mikroskopis meliputi bentuk koloni dan kenampakan pertunasan sel. Identifikasi molekuler dilakukan menggunakan Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) dengan tahapan ekstraksi DNA, amplifikasi DNA, pengecekan kualitas DNA, analisis sekuens DNA dan pembuatan pohon filogenetik. Berdasarkan identifikasi molekuler menggunakan primer universal (ITS1 dan ITS4) dengan nilai percent similarity sebesar 99.05%, isolat PB3.2 teridentifikasi sebagai spesies Candida tropicalis. Isolat ini tidak menunjukkan adanya kemampuan dalam memproduksi enzim amilase dan enzim protease. Yeast is a unicellular fungus with a phase of asexual reproduction through cell division and lacks the formation of fruiting bodies during sexual reproduction. Research on yeast diversity in terrestrial environments has been well-explored; however, research on marine yeast is relatively limited. This study aims to molecularly identify marine yeast and determine their potential as producers of extracellular enzymes. The methods employed in this study include strain isolation, enzyme activity assays, macroscopic morphological characterization of yeast, encompassing colony shape, margin, elevation, appearance, texture, and color, as well as microscopic characterization, involving colony shape and budding patterns. Molecular identification was performed through the stages of DNA extraction, DNA amplification, DNA quality assessment, DNA sequence analysis, and the construction of a phylogenetic tree. Based on molecular identification using universal primers (ITS1 and ITS4) with a percent similarity value of 99.05%, isolate PB3.2 was identified as Candida tropicalis species. This isolate did not exhibit the ability to produce amylase and protease enzymes.
Distribusi Klorofil-a dan Suhu Permukaan Laut terhadap Kelimpahan Ikan Cephalopholis argus dan Cephalopholis miniata Di Pulau Pieh, Sumatera Barat
Authors: Fauzan Rianda , Widianingsih Widianingsih , Endrawati Hadi 
Published: June 2024

Kawasan Konservasi Perairan Pulau Pieh, Sumatera Barat memiliki produktivitas primer yang tinggi dan menandakan kesuburan perairan. Salah satu indicator kesuburan perairan adalah kandungan klorofil-a dan suhu permukaan laut. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk melihat hubungan kandungan klorofil-a dan suhu permukaan laut terhadap kelimpahan ikan Cephalopholis argus dan Cephalopholis miniata. Periode waktu yang digunakan adalah tahun 2019 – 2023. Data klorofil-a dan suhu permukaan laut diolah menggunakan perangkat lunak ArcGIS 10.8 dan hubungan antar variable dianalisis menggunakan analisis regresi linier berganda. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa hubungan Cephalopholis miniata dengan suhu permukaan laut linier dengan nilai signifikansi < 0,05 yaitu 0,044. Akan tetapi hubungan antar variable lainnya tidak signifikan secara statistik karena memiliki nilai > 0,05. The Pieh Island Marine Conservation Area, West Sumatra has high primary productivity and indicates the fertility of the waters. One of indicators of water fertility is the chlorophyll-a content and sea surface temperature. The aim of this research is to investigate the relationship between chlorophyll-a content and sea surface temperature on fish abundance Cephalopholis argus and Cephalopholis miniate. The time period used is 2019 – 2023. Chlorophyll-a and sea surface temperature data were processed using ArcGIS 10.8 software and the relationship between variables was analyzed using multiple linear regression analysis. The results show that the relationship Cephalopholis miniate with linear sea surface temperature with a significance value <0.05, namely 0.044. However, the relationship between other variables is not statistically significant because it has a value > 0.05.
Effect of heating process on the corrosion resistance of zinc iron alloy coatings
Authors: Zhou Wuyu , Xu Cong 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
In order to determine the influence of process parameters such as the optimal heating method, heating temperature, and time on the corrosion resistance of zinc iron alloy coatings, and to maximize their corrosion resistance while ensuring coating quality, a study was conducted on the influence of heating process on the corrosion resistance of zinc iron alloy coatings. Prepare coatings on steel-based materials using hot dip method, adjust the auxiliary plating and immersion temperatures, and test the corrosion resistance of coatings at different temperatures. After completing the coating preparation, test the corrosion resistance of the coating under two heating processes, namely, heating furnace and laser, as well as the corrosion morphology and corrosion rate of the coating under different heating temperatures. Calculate the corrosion loss of the coating under different heating durations. The experimental results show that the corrosion resistance of the coating is better when the auxiliary plating and immersion temperatures are 70 and 450°C, respectively. When the laser heating process is selected and the heating temperature does not exceed 450°C, the corrosion resistance of the coating is higher. Once the temperature is exceeded, the corrosion resistance of the coating decreases, and with the increase of heating time, the corrosion resistance of the coating will decrease. When the heating time is 14 min, the mass loss of the coating reaches 0.011 g. And in the electrochemical corrosion test, after soaking for 18 days, the polarization resistance value of the zinc iron alloy coating decreased to 987.8 Ω·cm2, achieving complete failure.
Effect of Sr concentration in SrK/CaO oyster shell derived catalysts for biodiesel production
Authors: Ramírez-Paredes Emanuel A. , Rodriguez Jose A. , Chavez-Esquivel Gerardo , Tavizón-Pozos Jesús Andrés 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This study examined the effect of the Sr concentration in SrK/CaO catalysts based on oyster shells for the transesterification of canola oil. The CaO support was obtained by mixing 800 °C calcined oyster shell and limestone. Then, K and Sr were impregnated simultaneously at three different Sr/(Sr + K) molar ratios, 0.2, 0.3, and 0.4, and calcined at 800 °C. XRD, SEM, and Hammett indicators were used to characterize the catalysts. The reaction conditions were 60 °C, 1 h, met/oil = 12.5, and a catalyst loading of 7 wt%. The results showed that a Sr/(Sr + K) = 0.3 produces larger K2Sr(CO3)2 crystals that contribute synergistically to the catalytic activity. At Sr/(Sr + K) > 0.3, the K and Sr are segregated, decreasing the alkaline character and activity. Also, the optimization of WCO transesterification conditions was carried out by Box–Behnken response surface design with SrK/CaO-0.3 catalyst. The theoretical optimal conditions were 70 °C, 1.5 h, and a met/oil = 10, which achieved 79 % of biodiesel yield. Nonetheless, the produced WCO biodiesel did not present acceptable quality, and this reactive system increased the lixiviation of the active phases.
Direct, indirect, and interaction effects based on principal stratification with a binary mediator
Authors: Lee Myoung-jae 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Given a binary treatment and a binary mediator, mediation analysis decomposes the total effect of the treatment on an outcome variable into various sub-effects, and there appeared two-, three-, and four-way decompositions in the literature. Using “principal stratification” based on the potential mediator types, we consider sub-treatment effects for “mediative never-takers, compliers, defiers, and always takers.” In this approach, although it is difficult to pick any one decomposition over the others in general, a particular three-way decomposition becomes well suited, which is thus advocated to use. We present identification conditions for the effects using conditional means, which is then followed by simple estimators that are applicable to any outcome variable (binary, count, continuous, etc.). We also provide simulation and empirical studies.
Quokka swarm optimization: A new nature-inspired metaheuristic optimization algorithm
Authors: AL-kubaisy Wijdan Jaber , AL-Khateeb Belal 
Published: June 2024

AbstractProblemMetaheuristics are efficient algorithms designed to address a broad spectrum of optimization challenges and offer satisfactory solutions, even in scenarios of limited processing capability or incomplete information. It has been observed that no single metaheuristic algorithm is universally ideal for all applications. This realization underscores the opportunity for the introduction of new metaheuristic algorithms or enhancements to existing ones.AimThe aim of this work is to propose Quokka swarm optimization (QSO), a novel nature-inspired metaheuristic optimization technique. The QSO simulates the cooperative behavior of quokka animals, which can be used to address optimization issues.MethodA group of common unconstrained and constrained test functions is employed to demonstrate the strength of the proposed approach. To test the performance of QSO, 43 popular test functions that are used in the optimization were employed as benchmarks. The solutions have been refining their positions in tandem with the ongoing discovery of the best solution. In addition, QSO can substitute the worst quokka with the best child found so far to improve the solutions. Performance comparisons using the Blue monkey swarm optimization, Gray wolf optimization, Biogeography-based optimizer, Artificial bee colony, Particle swarm optimization, and Gravitational search algorithm were also performed.ResultsThe obtained results showed that QSO is competitive in comparison to the chosen metaheuristic algorithms.
Al-Ḥajjāj’s rhetoric of intimidation and humiliation
Authors: Shakkour Aadel 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This article discusses the strategy of intimidation and humiliation in Al-Ḥajjāj ibn Yūsuf al-Thaqafῑ’s most famous speech delivered in the city of Kufa in Iraq in the seventh century. The linguistic devices used by Al-Ḥajjāj are analyzed by applying the theory of Critical Discourse Analysis. This approach reveals his rhetoric of intimidation, humiliation, and emotional manipulation, reflecting Al-Ḥajjāj’s intention to act with extreme cruelty against the Kufa rebels. In this speech, he strove to normalize and legitimize violence against the rebels, for example, by likening the inhabitants of Kufa to animals, thereby framing the beheading and slaughtering of them as normal, in the way that animal slaughter is perceived as normal behavior.
Synthesis, characterization, thermal stability, and application of microporous hyper cross-linked polyphosphazenes with naphthylamine group for CO2 uptake
Authors: Abid Amin , Nazeer Shahid , Kiran Laraib , Raza Saqlain , Ahmad Ikram , Masood Hafiz Tariq , Tighezza Ammar M. , Shahzadi Sana , Khawar Muhammad Ramzan , La Moonwoo , Choi Dongwhi 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
There are numerous problems in the world, but environmental pollution is the biggest threat to life. Air pollution is the most critical form of environmental pollution because air is the most essential need of life. However, industrialization, population growth, and fossil fuel use increase hazardous and greenhouse gas concentrations daily. Greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide (CO2) contribute to global warming; hence, efficient, inexpensive, sustainable, and ecologically friendly air purification solutions are required. This study proposed a new method for synthesizing N- and P-rich polyphosphazene-based hyper cross-linked polymer (HCP) for CO2 adsorption. Due to their persistent porosity, low density, and high surface area, hyper cross-linked porous organic–inorganic hybrid phosphorus and nitrogen-rich polymers are cost-effective and promising gas adsorption materials. We synthesized hybrid organic and inorganic polyphosphazenes with nitrogen and phosphorus backbones and aromatic side groups cross-linked by the Friedel–Crafts alkylation process. HCP-A and HCP-B were cross-linked phosphazene-based microporous hybrid organic–inorganic polymers. HCP-A and HCP-B were produced in two stages. Hexachlorocyclotriphosphazene reacts with 1-napthylamine to form naphthyl amino phosphazene, which is cross-linked under optimum conditions to make cyclic HCP-A. Phosphorous dichlorophosphazene reacts with 1-naphthylamine to form poly[bis(1-naphthylamino) phosphazene] and is cross-linked to form linear HCP-B. HCP-A and HCP-B porous networks were studied with Brunauer–Emmett–Teller surface areas of 170.89 and 492.03 m2 g−1 and narrow pore sizes of 0.8–1.18 nm. These polymers are promising CO2 adsorbents due to their easy and cost-effective production, thermal stability, surface area, and CO2 absorption capacity.
A review of storage temperature and relative humidity effects on shelf life and quality of mango (Mangifera indica L.) fruit and implications for nutrition insecurity in Ethiopia
Authors: Gelaye Yohannes 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Mangoes possess significant potential for reducing global malnutrition, including in Ethiopia. Nevertheless, challenges with postharvest losses hinder mango production and utilization in Ethiopia. This review assesses the potential effects of temperature and relative humidity on the shelf life and quality of mango and its implications for nutrition insecurity in Ethiopia. The average mango production worldwide ranges from 15 to 20 tons per hectare, whereas in Ethiopia, it’s around 7.2 tons per hectare. Regulating temperature and humidity preserves the freshness of mangoes and prolongs their shelf life. Cooler storage slows ripening and decay, but temperatures below 12°C can harm quality. Therefore, it is recommended to maintain ripening mangoes within a temperature range of 20–23°C to achieve optimal quality. Delaying post-harvest cooling leads to a loss of one day of shelf life for every hour, emphasizing the importance of maintaining storage facilities at humidity levels of 90–95%. In Ethiopia, inadequate control of temperature and humidity leads to a decline in mango yield and quality. Contrarily, the malnutrition rate is on the rise within the nation, and there are no contemporary storage facilities built for the purpose of storage. In Ethiopia, the lack of government initiatives to introduce modern postharvest technologies in key regions contributes to ineffective temperature and humidity control systems. Therefore, it’s crucial for research institutions and other organizations to embrace comprehensive approaches to address this issue.
Treatment and therapy of mental health conditions in the Global South using psychedelics: A scoping review and narrative synthesis
Authors: Griffin Caroline , Knight Alec 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackground and aimsPsychedelics show promise for treatment of mental health conditions (MHCs). But there is relatively little research on indigenous psychedelics conducted in the Global South (GS). Much research is carried out in the Global North, where there are different cultural perceptions of mental health and psychedelics. Therefore, this paper appraises research on psychedelics for treatment or therapy where research was carried out in the GS.MethodA systematic review of research literature was conducted from 1st January 2010 to 31st July 2023. Medline, PsychINFO and Global Health databases were searched for studies of patients undergoing treatment for MHCs with psychedelics.ResultsData from 27 papers were extracted and narratively synthesized. A total of 984 participants were included suffering from depression, obsessive-compulsive disorder, substance use disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder and eating disorders. The studies investigated the feasibility of psychedelic treatments and presented evidence for their safety. There was preliminary efficacy data for ayahuasca, iboga, 5-MeO-DMT, psylocibin, and MDMA in the treatment of some MHCs. All studies were conducted in line with ethical and medical guidelines, and no serious adverse events were reported.ConclusionA renaissance of clinical psychedelic research on substances that have been used as traditional medicines in the GS presents promising evidence for treatment efficacy and safety across a range of MHCs. Psychedelics present an exciting new treatment approach for people in the GS, in a health area with considerable unmet need. Moreover, research demonstrated cost-effectiveness, while results suggested no significant safety concerns or side effects.