bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Immune cell infiltration and inflammatory landscape in primary brain tumours
Authors: Luce Amalia , Abate Marianna , Scognamiglio Giosuè , Montella Marco , Iervolino Domenico , Campione Severo , Di Mauro Annabella , Sepe Orlando , Gigantino Vincenzo , Tathode Madhura S. , Ferrara Gerardo , Monaco Roberto , De Dominicis Gianfranco , Misso Gabriella , Gentile Vittorio , Franco Renato , Zappavigna Silvia , Caraglia Michele 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
Primary malignant brain tumours are more than one-third of all brain tumours and despite the molecular investigation to identify cancer driver mutations, the current therapeutic options available are challenging due to high intratumour heterogeneity. In addition, an immunosuppressive and inflammatory tumour microenvironment strengthens cancer progression. Therefore, we defined an immune and inflammatory profiling of meningioma and glial tumours to elucidate the role of the immune infiltration in these cancer types.

Methods
Using tissue microarrays of 158 brain tumour samples, we assessed CD3, CD4, CD8, CD20, CD138, Granzyme B (GzmB), 5-Lipoxygenase (5-LOX), Programmed Death-Ligand 1 (PD-L1), O-6-Methylguanine-DNA Methyltransferase (MGMT) and Transglutaminase 2 (TG2) expression by immunohistochemistry (IHC). IHC results were correlated using a Spearman correlation matrix. Transcript expression, correlation, and overall survival (OS) analyses were evaluated using public datasets available on GEPIA2 in Glioblastoma (GBM) and Lower Grade Glioma (LGG) cohorts.

Results
Seven out of ten markers showed a significantly different IHC expression in at least one of the evaluated cohorts whereas CD3, CD4 and 5-LOX were differentially expressed between GBMs and astrocytomas. Correlation matrix analysis revealed that 5-LOX and GzmB expression were associated in both meningiomas and GBMs, whereas 5-LOX expression was significantly and positively correlated to TG2 in both meningioma and astrocytoma cohorts. These findings were confirmed with the correlation analysis of TCGA-GBM and LGG datasets. Profiling of mRNA levels indicated a significant increase in CD3 (CD3D, CD3E), and CD138 (SDC1) expression in GBM compared to control tissues. CD4 and 5-LOX (ALOX5) mRNA levels were significantly more expressed in tumour samples than in normal tissues in both GBM and LGG. In GBM cohort, GzmB (GZMB), SDC1 and MGMT gene expression predicted a poor overall survival (OS). Moreover, in LGG cohort, an increased expression of CD3 (CD3D, CD3E, CD3G), CD8 (CD8A), GZMB, CD20 (MS4A1), SDC1, PD-L1, ALOX5, and TG2 (TGM2) genes was associated with worse OS.

Conclusions
Our data have revealed that there is a positive and significant correlation between the expression of 5-LOX and GzmB, both at RNA and protein level. Further evaluation is needed to understand the interplay of 5-LOX and immune infiltration in glioma progression.
Association of childbirth experience with long–term psychological outcomes: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Nahaee Jila , Rezaie Mansour , Abdoli Elham , Mirghafourvand Mojgan , Ghanbari-Homaie Solmaz , Jafarzadeh Mina 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
There has been limited research on the lasting impact of giving birth on both mothers and infants. This study aimed to investigate women’s memories of their childbirth experience 4 months and 4 years after giving birth. Additionally, it aimed to examine how the childbirth experience is linked to women’s mental health, sexual satisfaction, exclusive breastfeeding, and the type of subsequent birth.

Methods
In this prospective cohort study, a total of 580 women giving birth in Tabriz hospitals in 2018 were followed up for 4 years. The data were collected using a childbirth experience questionnaire, a mental health inventory, and a sexual satisfaction scale for women, and were analyzed by a Pearson correlation test, an independent samples t-test, and a general linear model.

Results
The total scores of the childbirth experience in two short-term (4 months) and long-term (4 years) time points following the birth had a significant and strong correlation with each other (r = .51; p < .001). After adjusting for the effects of socio-demographic and obstetric characteristics, sexual satisfaction had significant relationships with childbirth experience (p < .001) and postpartum complications (p < .001). In addition, mental health had significant relationships with childbirth experience (p < .001), postpartum complications (p < .001), and low income (p = .004).

Conclusions
Even 4 years after giving birth, women have a clear recall of their childbirth experience. This experience has a significant association with long-term outcomes such as sexual satisfaction, mental health, exclusive breastfeeding, and subsequent birth type.
A solution to achieve sequencing from SARS-CoV-2 specimens with low viral loads: concatenation of reads from independent reactions
Authors: Cerro-Monje Alba , Buenestado-Serrano Sergio , Palomino-Cabrera Rosalía , Molero-Salinas Andrea , Herranz Marta , Alonso Roberto , Catalán Pilar , Muñoz Patricia , García de Viedma Darío , Pérez-Lago Laura ,   On behalf of the Gregorio Marañón Microbiology-ID COVID 19 Study Group
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
During the pandemic, whole genome sequencing was critical to characterize SARS-CoV-2 for surveillance, clinical and therapeutical purposes. However, low viral loads in specimens often led to suboptimal sequencing, making lineage assignment and phylogenetic analysis difficult. We propose an alternative approach to sequencing these specimens that involves sequencing in triplicate and concatenation of the reads obtained using bioinformatics. This proposal is based on the hypothesis that the uncovered regions in each replicate differ and that concatenation would compensate for these gaps and recover a larger percentage of the sequenced genome.

Results
Whole genome sequencing was performed in triplicate on 30 samples with Ct > 32 and the benefit of replicate read concatenation was assessed. After concatenation: i) 28% of samples reached the standard quality coverage threshold (> 90% genome covered > 30x); ii) 39% of samples did not reach the coverage quality thresholds but coverage improved by more than 40%; and iii) SARS-CoV-2 lineage assignment was possible in 68.7% of samples where it had been impaired.

Conclusions
Concatenation of reads from replicate sequencing reactions provides a simple way to access hidden information in the large proportion of SARS-CoV-2-positive specimens eliminated from analysis in standard sequencing schemes. This approach will enhance our potential to rule out involvement in outbreaks, to characterize reinfections and to identify lineages of concern for surveillance or therapeutical purposes.
Treating depression in patients with borderline personality disorder: clinical clues on the use of antidepressants
Authors: Tomasetti Carmine , Autullo G. , Ballerini A. , de Bartolomeis A. , Dell’Osso B. , Fiorentini A. , Tonioni F. , Villari V. , De Berardis D. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractPersonality disorders (PD) are described as enduring patterns of markedly deviant and pervasive inner experiences and behaviors, with onset in adolescence, which lead to severe distress or impairment. Patients suffering from major depressive disorder (MDD) display higher rates of comorbidity with personality disorders, often complicating the treatment, and worsening the outcomes. Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is the most common of PD and is frequently associated with MDD, with which shares several features. The most part of research agrees on the fact that comorbid BPD in MDD patients quite doubles the poor response to treatments. Moreover, no treatment strategy stands out currently to emerge as more effective in these cases, thus urging the call for the need of new approaches. Herein, we revise the current literature on BPD, its neurobiology and comorbidity with MDD, as well as the more recent treatment strategies used. Then, based on its pharmacology, we propose a possible role of trazodone as a valuable tool to approach comorbid BPD-MDD.
Effect of 12-week head-down strong abdominal breathing on cognitive function in patients with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a single-centre randomised controlled trial protocol
Authors: Song Feiyun , Ding Kexin , Sun Mingyun , Xia Rui 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) often suffer from a combination of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and a significant reduction in their quality of life. In the exercise programme of pulmonary rehabilitation (PR), pulmonary rehabilitation intervention is often carried out by enhancing respiratory function. Strong abdominal breathing is a kind of breathing method, through which the diaphragm can be exercised, thereby enhancing the deflection distance of the diaphragm during breathing and improving respiratory function. The inversion trainer can meet the different angles of head-down training and also has the characteristics of low cost, easy to operate, and use a wide range of scenarios. According to currently available data, strong abdominal breathing in combination with head-down position has not yet been used in pulmonary rehabilitation in this type of rehabilitation programme. It is valuable to use this device to study PR of cognitive function in patients with COPD.

Methods
This study was a 12-week single-centre randomised controlled trial and blinding the assessors and data processors of the test. Recruitment is planned for January 1, 2024. It is expected that 81 patients with stable COPD combined with MCI will be recruited and randomly assigned to the head-down strong abdominal breathing group (HG), the fitness qigong eight-duanjin group (BDJ), and the control group (CG) in a 1:1:1 ratio. Using fNIRS (functional near-infrared spectroscopy) to assess brain oxygen availability before and after pulmonary rehabilitation in three periods: before, during and after the intervention. Cognitive functioning is also assessed using the Overall Cognitive Assessment Scale, the Specific Cognitive Functioning Assessment Scale and the Cognitive Behavioural Ability Test.

Trial registration
The Specialised Committee on Scientific Research and Academic Ethics of the Academic Committee of Anqing Normal University approved the project (ANU2023001). China Clinical Trial Registry approved the study (ChiCTR2300075400) with a registration date of 2023/09/04.

Discussion
The aim of this study was to explore novel exercise rehabilitation methods to improve cognitive function in COPD patients. It results in a lower financial burden and higher participation in pulmonary rehabilitation and improves the quality of survival of patients with COPD.
Severe hypotension and postoperative cardiac arrest caused by 5-aminolevulinic acid: a case report
Authors: Miyazaki Taishi , Taguchi Shinya , Obata Norihiko , Mizobuchi Satoshi 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
Although 5-aminolevulinic acid is useful for the photodynamic diagnosis of bladder tumors, it often causes severe intraoperative hypotension. We report a case of postoperative cardiac arrest in addition to severe intraoperative hypotension, probably owing to the use of 5-aminolevulinic acid.

Case presentation
An 81-year-old Japanese man was scheduled to undergo transurethral resection of bladder tumor. The patient took 5-aminolevulinic acid orally 2 hours before entering the operating room. After the induction of anesthesia, his blood pressure decreased to 47/33 mmHg. The patient’s hypotension did not improve even after noradrenaline was administered. After awakening from anesthesia, the patient’s systolic blood pressure increased to approximately 100 mmHg, but approximately 5 hours after returning to the ward, cardiac arrest occurred for approximately 12 seconds.

Conclusion
We experienced a case of postoperative cardiac arrest in a patient, probably owing to the use of 5-aminolevulinic acid. Although the cause of cardiac arrest is unknown, perioperative hemodynamic management must be carefully performed in patients taking 5-aminolevulinic acid.
Par2-mediated responses in inflammation and regeneration: choosing between repair and damage
Authors: Reches Gal , Piran Ron 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe protease activated receptor 2 (Par2) plays a pivotal role in various damage models, influencing injury, proliferation, inflammation, and regeneration. Despite extensive studies, its binary roles— EITHER aggravating injury or promoting recovery—make a conclusive translational decision on its modulation strategy elusive. Analyzing two liver regeneration models, autoimmune hepatitis and direct hepatic damage, we discovered Par2’s outcome depends on the injury’s nature. In immune-mediated injury, Par2 exacerbates damage, while in direct tissue injury, it promotes regeneration. Subsequently, we evaluated the clinical significance of this finding by investigating Par2’s expression in the context of autoimmune diabetes. We found that the absence of Par2 in all lymphocytes provided full protection against the autoimmune destruction of insulin-producing β-cells in mice, whereas the introduction of a β-cell-specific Par2 null mutation accelerated the onset of autoimmune diabetes. This pattern led us to hypothesize whether these observations are universal. A comprehensive review of recent Par2 publications across tissues and systems confirms the claim drafted above: Par2’s initial activation in the immune system aggravates inflammation, hindering recovery, whereas its primary activation in the damaged tissue fosters regeneration. As a membrane-anchored receptor, Par2 emerges as an attractive drug target. Our findings highlight a crucial translational modulation strategy in regenerative medicine based on injury type.
A brief overview of drug-induced liver damage
Authors: Roy Soumyadip , Shah Zalak , Chakraborthy G. S. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractDrug-induced liver injury (DILI) is a prevalent disorder that can be led on by almost all drug types. The majority of benign DILI cases become better after drug discontinuation. To stop the development of acute or chronic liver failure, it is crucial to identify and get rid of the offending substance as soon as feasible. DILI does not have any identified risk factors, but certain people may be more susceptible due to genetic vulnerability and previous liver disease. Some patients may exhibit indications of systemic hypersensitivity, even though the majority of patients have clinical symptoms that are the same as those of other liver illnesses. Rapid drug withdrawal and supportive care aimed at reducing uncomfortable symptoms comprise the treatment for drug- and herbal-induced liver damage.
Machine-Learning Assisted Screening of Correlated Covariates: Application to Clinical Data of Desipramine
Authors: Asiimwe Innocent Gerald , S’fiso Ndzamba Bonginkosi , Mouksassi Samer , Pillai Goonaseelan , Lombard Aurelie , Lang Jennifer 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Stepwise covariate modeling (SCM) has a high computational burden and can select the wrong covariates. Machine learning (ML) has been proposed as a screening tool to improve the efficiency of covariate selection, but little is known about how to apply ML on actual clinical data. First, we simulated datasets based on clinical data to compare the performance of various ML and traditional pharmacometrics (PMX) techniques with and without accounting for highly-correlated covariates. This simulation step identified the ML algorithm and the number of top covariates to select when using the actual clinical data. A previously developed desipramine population-pharmacokinetic model was used to simulate virtual subjects. Fifteen covariates were considered with four having an effect included. Based on the F1 score (an accuracy measure), ridge regression was the most accurate ML technique on 200 simulated datasets (F1 score = 0.475 ± 0.231), a performance which almost doubled when highly-correlated covariates were accounted for (F1 score = 0.860 ± 0.158). These performances were better than forwards selection with SCM (F1 score = 0.251 ± 0.274 and 0.499 ± 0.381 without/with correlations respectively). In terms of computational cost, ridge regression (0.42 ± 0.07 seconds/simulated dataset, 1 thread) was ~20,000 times faster than SCM (2.30 ± 2.29 hours, 15 threads). On the clinical dataset, prescreening with the selected ML algorithm reduced SCM runtime by 42.86% (from 1.75 to 1.00 days) and produced the same final model as SCM only. In conclusion, we have demonstrated that accounting for highly-correlated covariates improves ML prescreening accuracy. The choice of ML method and the proportion of important covariates (unknown a priori) can be guided by simulations.

Graphical Abstract
The Political Economy of Sexual Identity
Authors: Monfort Bruno 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
This article makes a case for developing a theoretical account of historically determined gendered, trans, and queer epistemologies out of value-form readings on social reproduction. The materialist turn in queer studies is revisited here first by critically engaging with Meg Wesling's GLQ article “Queer Value” (2012) in order to present a non-ontologizing conceptualization of labor that would avoid politically affirming stances toward historically feminized positions within the process of reproduction of labor-force. Second, the author reads the Foucauldian account of sex through the fetish character of capitalist social forms to expose the functioning of a sociohistorically specific epistemology of the body. Ultimately, the article unfolds a negative understanding of queer and trans processes of embodiment as precariously inaugurating new modes of sociality unrealizable under capitalist social reproduction.
Femboys in the Factory
Authors: Davin Alexis 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
This article aims to explore the political economy of trans life through an examination of the category of the “femboy” as a means for understanding the concrete processes of sexuality and social activity responsible for the internally differentiated valuation of kinds of trans labor and the wider regime of accumulation of which these valuations form a part. Following Kevin Floyd's historical materialist account of gendered performativity, it details the femboy's historical emergence within hierarchies of racialized sexuality. Using the case of online streaming, the article argues that femboys’ disavowal of transness, and intelligibility to dominant regimes of sexuality, subtends their higher valuation than trans women in comparable lines of work. Making use of the case study, the article argues that identification itself appears to affect the judgment and valuation of individuals within the labor process and that such aesthetic judgements—the contours of how capital “sees” its subjects—are both ineliminable and constitutive of the concrete differences that emerge in the process of production. Aesthetic judgment and the process of abstraction therefore offer an entry point into both the analysis of the labor process more generally, and the relations of desire, abjection, and identification that enforce the present subordination of trans people.
Strategic Behavior with Tight, Loose, and Polarized Norms
Authors: Dimant Eugen , Gelfand Michele , Hochleitner Anna , Sonderegger Silvia 
Published: May 2024

Descriptive norms, the behavior of other individuals in one’s reference group, play a key role in shaping individual decisions in managerial contexts and beyond. Organizations are increasingly using information about descriptive norms to nudge positive behavior change. When characterizing peer decisions, a standard approach in the literature is to focus on average behavior. In this paper, we argue both theoretically and empirically that not only averages but also the shape of the whole distribution of behavior can play a crucial role in how people react to descriptive norms. Using a representative sample of the U.S. population, we experimentally investigate how individuals react to strategic environments that are characterized by different distributions of behavior, focusing on the distinction between tight (i.e., characterized by low behavioral variance), loose (i.e., characterized by high behavioral variance), and polarized (i.e., characterized by u-shaped behavior) environments. We find that individuals indeed strongly respond to differences in the variance and shape of the descriptive norm they are facing: Loose norms generate greater behavioral variance and polarization generates polarized responses. In polarized environments, most individuals prefer extreme actions, which expose them to considerable strategic risk, to intermediate actions that minimize such risk. Furthermore, in polarized and loose environments, personal traits and values play a larger role in determining actual behavior. These nuances of how individuals react to different types of descriptive norms have important implications for company culture, productivity, and organizational effectiveness alike. This paper was accepted by Dorothea Kübler, behavioral economics and decision analysis. Funding: This work was supported by the German Research Foundation under Germany’s Excellence Strategy [EXC 2126/1–390838866]. Supplemental Material: The online appendices and data files are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2023.01022 .
Interplay between vitamin D status, vitamin D receptor gene variants and preeclampsia risk in Ghanaian women: A case-control study
Authors: Fondjo Linda Ahenkorah , Mensah Jonah Buah , Awuah Enoch Ofori , Sakyi Samuel Asamoah 
Published: May 2024

Background and aim
Preeclampsia (PE) is characterized by hypertension and proteinuria mostly after 20 weeks of gestation. It affects 2–8% of pregnancies worldwide, with detrimental consequences for both mother and foetus. Evidence, suggests that genetic factors, including vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene polymorphisms, could contribute to PE complexity. However, their role in the Ghanaian population remains underexplored. We assessed the interplay between Vitamin D, VDR gene variants and preeclampsia risk in Ghanaian women.

Methods
This unmatched case-control study was conducted at Kumasi South Hospital, Ghana, from June to November 2022. A total of 162 participants consisting of 62 PE cases and 100 normotensive controls were enrolled. Clinical and obstetric data were collected. Blood samples were also collected for DNA extraction and vitamin D assay. Genotyping of VDR Fok1 and Bsm1 gene variants was performed using Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) and Polymerase Chain Reaction—Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) analysis whereas Vitamin D levels were estimated using sandwich ELISA. Statistical analyses were computed with SPSS version 25 and GraphPad prism version 8.0. A p-value of < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results
Vitamin D concentration were significantly lower in the PE group (p < 0.0001). Vitamin D deficiency (aOR = 3.311, 95% CI: 1.584–6.921, p = 0.0010) was significantly associated with a three-fold increase in preeclampsia risk, whilst VDR gene variants, particularly the "bb" genotype (cOR = 0.227, 95% CI: 0.055–0.944, p = 0.0410) was associated with reduced risk of PE. There was no association between the distribution of Fok1 genotypes and PE.

Conclusion
This study highlights a significant association between vitamin D deficiency and an increased risk of PE among Ghanaian women. However, the VDR gene variant, "bb", genotype, for Bsm1 reduces the risk of PE.