bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence and determinants of moderate-to-severe anaemia in the third trimester of pregnancy: a multicenter cross-sectional study in Lagos, Nigeria
Authors: Okunade Kehinde S. , Olowoselu Festus O. , Oyedeji Olufemi A. , Oshodi Yusuf A. , Ugwu Aloy O. , Olumodeji Ayokunle M. , Adejimi Adebola A. , Adenekan Muisi A. , Ojo Temitope , Ademuyiwa Iyabo Y. , Adaramoye Victoria , Okoro Austin C. , Olowe Atinuke , Adelabu Hameed , Akinmola Olukayode O. , Yusuf-Awesu Salimat , Oluwole Ayodeji A. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe high burden of anaemia during pregnancy underscores the urgent need to gain a comprehensive understanding of the factors contributing to its widespread occurrence. Our study assessed the prevalence and the trends of moderate-to-severe anaemia (MSA) in late pregnancy (28 to 36 weeks) and then investigated the key determinants driving this prevalence among women in Lagos, Nigeria. We conducted a secondary data analysis involving 1216 women enrolled in the Predict-PPH study between January and March 2023. We employed a multivariate binary logistic regression model with a backward stepwise selection approach to identify significant predictors of MSA. The study revealed a 14.5% prevalence of MSA during pregnancy. Independent predictors of MSA included having given birth to two or more children (adjusted odds ratio = 1.46, 95% confidence interval: 1.03–2.07), having a maternal body mass index (BMI) of 28 kg/m2 or higher (adjusted odds ratio = 1.84, 95% confidence interval: 1.29–2.61), having less than tertiary education (adjusted odds ratio = 1.51, 95% confidence interval: 1.08–2.11), and being unemployed (adjusted odds ratio = 1.97, 95% confidence interval: 1.19–3.26). It is crucial for pregnant women, particularly those with higher parities and elevated BMI, to be monitored regularly for anaemia and its consequences during their antenatal care. Additionally, addressing the link between low education, unemployment, and anaemia necessitates comprehensive strategies that empower women in terms of education and economic status to enhance the overall well-being of individuals and communities, ultimately reducing the prevalence of anaemia and associated health issues in pregnancy.
Activation of Einstein–Podolsky–Rosen steering sharing with unsharp nonlocal measurements
Authors: Han Xin-Hong , Qian Tian , Dong Shan-Chuan , Wang Shuo , Xiao Ya , Gu Yong-Jian 
Published: May 2024

AbstractEinstein–Podolsky–Rosen (EPR) steering is commonly shared among multiple observers by utilizing unsharp measurements. Nevertheless, their usage is restricted to local measurements and does not encompass all nonlocal measurement-based cases. In this work, a method for finding beneficial local measurement settings has been expanded to include nonlocal measurement cases. This method is applicable for any bipartite state and offers benefits even in scenarios with a high number of measurement settings. Using the Greenberger–Horne–Zeilinger state as an illustration, we show that employing unsharp nonlocal measurements can activate the phenomenon of steering sharing in contrast to using local measurements. Furthermore, our findings demonstrate that nonlocal measurements with unequal strength possess a greater activation capability compared to those with equal strength. Our activation method generates fresh concepts for conservation and recycling quantum resources.
Medical calculators derived synthetic cohorts: a novel method for generating synthetic patient data
Authors: Jeanson Francis , Farkouh Michael E. , Godoy Lucas C. , Minha Sa’ar , Tzuman Oran , Marcus Gil 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis study shows that we can use synthetic cohorts created from medical risk calculators to gain insights into how risk estimations, clinical reasoning, data-driven subgrouping, and the confidence in risk calculator scores are connected. When prediction variables aren't evenly distributed in these synthetic cohorts, they can be used to group similar cases together, revealing new insights about how cohorts behave. We also found that the confidence in predictions made by these calculators can vary depending on patient characteristics. This suggests that it might be beneficial to include a "normalized confidence" score in future versions of these calculators for healthcare professionals. We plan to explore this idea further in our upcoming research.
Drivers of dune formation control ecosystem function and response to disturbance in a barrier island system
Authors: Sabo Alexander B. , Cornish Michael R. , Castorani Max C. N. , Zinnert Julie C. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBarrier islands are landscape features that protect coastlines by reducing wave energy and erosion. Quantifying vegetation-topographic interactions between adjacent habitats are essential for predicting long-term island response and resilience to sea-level rise and disturbance. To understand the effects of dune dynamics on adjacent interior island ecosystem processes, we quantified how sediment availability and previous disturbance regime interact with vegetation to influence dune building and ease of seawater and sediment movement into the island interior on two US mid-Atlantic coast barrier islands. We conducted field surveys of sediment accretion, vegetative cover, and soil characteristics in dune and swale habitats. Digital elevation models provided assessment of water flow resistance from the mean high water mark into the island interior. We found that geographic location impacted sediment accretion rates and Panicum amarum (a species increasing in abundance over time in the Virginia barrier islands) accreted sediment at a significantly lower rate compared to other dune grasses. Dune elevation impacted the ease of seawater flow into the island interior, altering soil chlorides, annual net primary productivity, and soil carbon and nitrogen. Our work demonstrates the importance of incorporating biological processes and cross-island connectivity into future scenario modeling and predictions of rising sea-levels and increased disturbance.
Using an epidemiological model to explore the interplay between sharing and advertising in viral videos
Authors: Li Yifei , Shao Li 
Published: May 2024

AbstractHow to exploit social networks to make internet content spread rapidly and consistently is an interesting question in marketing management. Although epidemic models have been employed to comprehend the spread dynamics of internet content, such as viral videos, the effects of advertising and individual sharing on information dissemination are difficult to distinguish. This gap forbids us to evaluate the efficiency of marketing strategies. In this paper, we modify a classic mean-field SIR (susceptible–infected–recovered) model, incorporating the influences of sharing and advertising in viral videos. We mathematically analyze the global stability of the system and propose an agent-based modeling approach to evaluate the efficiency of sharing and advertising. We further provide a case study of music videos on YouTube to show the validity of our model.
Assessing the influence of landscape conservation and protected areas on social wellbeing using random forest machine learning
Authors: Fisher Joshua , Allen Summer , Yetman Greg , Pistolesi Linda 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe urgency of interconnected social-ecological dilemmas such as rapid biodiversity loss, habitat loss and fragmentation, and the escalating climate crisis have led to increased calls for the protection of ecologically important areas of the planet. Protected areas (PA) are considered critical to address these dilemmas although growing divides in wellbeing can exacerbate conflict around PAs and undermine effectiveness. We investigate the influence of proximity to PAs on wellbeing outcomes. We develop a novel multi-dimensional index of wellbeing for households and across Africa and use Random Forest Machine Learning techniques to assess the importance score of households’ proximity to protected areas on their wellbeing outcomes compared with the importance scores of an array of other social, environmental, and local and national governance factors. This study makes important contributions to the conservation literature, first by expanding the ways in which wellbeing is measured and operationalized, and second, by providing additional empirical support for recent evidence that proximity to PAs is an influential factor affecting observed wellbeing outcomes, albeit likely through different pathways than the current literature suggests.
Phylogenetic insights into the genetic legacies of Hungarian-speaking communities in the Carpathian Basin
Authors: Borbély Noémi , Dudás Dániel , Tapasztó Attila , Dudás-Boda Eszter , Csáky Veronika , Szeifert Bea , Mende Balázs Gusztáv , Egyed Balázs , Szécsényi-Nagy Anna , Pamjav Horolma 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis study focuses on exploring the uniparental genetic lineages of Hungarian-speaking minorities residing in rural villages of Baranja (Croatia) and the Zobor region (Slovakia). We aimed to identify ancestral lineages by examining genetic markers distributed across the entire mitogenome and on the Y-chromosome. This allowed us to discern disparities in regional genetic structures within these communities. By integrating our newly acquired genetic data from a total of 168 participants with pre-existing Eurasian and ancient DNA datasets, our goal was to enrich the understanding of the genetic history trajectories of Carpathian Basin populations. Our findings suggest that while population-based analyses may not be sufficiently robust to detect fine-scale uniparental genetic patterns with the sample sizes at hand, phylogenetic analysis of well-characterized Y-chromosomal Short Tandem Repeat (STR) data and entire mitogenome sequences did uncover multiple lineage ties to far-flung regions and eras. While the predominant portions of both paternal and maternal DNA align with the East-Central European spectrum, rarer subhaplogroups and lineages have unveiled ancient ties to both prehistoric and historic populations spanning Europe and Eastern Eurasia. This research augments the expansive field of phylogenetics, offering critical perspectives on the genetic constitution and heritage of the communities in East-Central Europe.
Biomass recovery of coastal young mangrove plantations in Central Thailand
Authors: Ohtsuka Toshiyuki , Umnouysin Suthathip , Suchewaboripont Vilanee , Yimatsa Nada , Rodtassana Chadtip , Kida Morimaru , Iimura Yasuo , Yoshitake Shinpei , Fujitake Nobuhide , Poungparn Sasitorn 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAround one-third of the world’s most carbon-rich ecosystems, mangrove forests, have already been destroyed in Thailand owing to coastal development and aquaculture. Improving these degraded areas through mangrove plantations can restore various coastal ecosystem services, including CO2 absorption and protection against wave action. This study examines the biomass of three coastal mangrove plantations (Avicennia alba) of different ages in Samut Prakarn province, Central Thailand. Our aim was to understand the forest biomass recovery during the early stages of development, particularly fine root biomass expansion. In the chronosequence of the mangrove plantations, woody biomass increased by 40% over four years from 79.7 ± 11.2 Mg C ha-1 to 111.7 ± 12.3 Mg C ha−1. Fine root biomass up to a depth of 100 cm was 4.47 ± 0.33 Mg C ha−1, 4.24 ± 0.63 Mg C ha−1, and 6.92 ± 0.32 Mg C ha−1 at 10, 12, and 14 year-old sites, respectively. Remarkably, the fine root biomass of 14-year-old site was significantly higher than those of the younger sites due to increase of the biomass at 15–30 cm and 30–50 cm depths. Our findings reveal that the biomass recovery in developing mangrove plantations exhibit rapid expansion of fine roots in deeper soil layers.
Current evidence on the relationships among five polymorphisms in the matrix metalloproteinases genes and prostate cancer risk
Authors: Gui Jiandong , Zhou Hangsheng , Li Sixin , Chen Anjie , Liu Qing , Zhu Lijie , Mi Yuanyuan 
Published: May 2024

AbstractMatrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) had a variety of subtypes, which may be related to tumor invasion and angiogenesis, and the polymorphisms from MMPs have been also associated with the susceptibility to a variety of tumors, including prostate cancer (PCa). However, previous studies have not systematically analyzed the association between MMP and prostate cancer, so we conducted systematic data collection and analyzed to evaluate the relationship among polymorphisms in MMPs and PCa susceptibility. We searched PubMed, Web of Science, Embase and Google Scholar for all papers published up to Apr 3rd, 2023, and systematically analyzed the relationship among MMP1-1607 2G/1G, MMP2-1306 T/C, MMP2-735 T/C, MMP7-181 G/A, MMP9-1562 T/C and PCa susceptibility using multiple comparative models and subgroup analyses. We found that MMP2-1306 T/C polymorphism showed associations with PCa susceptibility, with the Ethnicity subgroup (Asian) being more pronounced. Similarly, MMP9-1562 T/C has also had associations with PCa susceptibility. Our current study found that the polymorphisms of, MMP2-1306 T/C, and MMP9-1562 T/C had strong associations with PCa risk.
Sum or mean in calculation of qualitative scoring methods using the Dragonfly Biotic Index, and an alternative approach facilitating conservation prioritization
Authors: Šigutová Hana , Pyszko Petr , Bílková Eva , Prieložná Veronika , Dolný Aleš 
Published: May 2024

AbstractQualitative scoring methods are tools for rapid freshwater health assessments. Total score is often calculated as the sum or mean of the values of the species involved, with minor nuances in interpretation, but with significant implications. We used the Dragonfly Biotic Index (DBI) calculated on Central European odonate species to demonstrate these implications. Each species within a community has a score ranging from 0 (widespread generalists) to 9 (sensitive specialists). A total score is calculated as the sum of the scores of all species (DBIsum) or is calculated by dividing by species richness (DBImean). Despite this duality, there has been little debate on either approach. Using simulated scenarios (high vs low richness, presence or absence of high- or low-scoring species), we tested the implications of DBIsum and DBImean and suggested a total score calculation for conservation prioritization based on permutation. This algorithm shows the percentile of a community compared to a set of randomly assembled communities of the same species richness. We also present the ‘dragDBI’ package for the statistical software R, a tool for more automated DBI-based environmental health assessments. Our permutational calculation is applicable to other macroinvertebrate-based scoring methods, such as the Biological Monitoring Working Party and the Average Score Per Taxon.
Social context modulates multibrain broadband dynamics and functional brain-to-brain coupling in the group of mice
Authors: Lee Jeongyoon , Kwak Damhyeon , Lee Gwang Ung , Kim Chan Yeong , Kim Jihoon , Park Sang Hyun , Choi Jee Hyun , Lee Sung Q. , Choe Han Kyoung 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAlthough mice are social, multiple animals’ neural activities are rarely explored. To characterise the neural activities during multi-brain interaction, we simultaneously recorded local field potentials (LFP) in the prefrontal cortex of four mice. The social context and locomotive states predominately modulated the entire LFP structure. The power of lower frequency bands—delta to alpha—were correlated with each other and anti-correlated with gamma power. The high-to-low-power ratio (HLR) provided a useful measure to understand LFP changes along the change of behavioural and locomotive states. The HLR during huddled conditions was lower than that during non-huddled conditions, dividing the social context into two. Multi-brain analyses of HLR indicated that the mice in the group displayed high cross-correlation. The mice in the group often showed unilateral precedence of HLR by Granger causality analysis, possibly comprising a hierarchical social structure. Overall, this study shows the importance of the social environment in brain dynamics and emphasises the simultaneous multi-brain recordings in social neuroscience.
DNA damage response in a 2D-culture model by diffusing alpha-emitters radiation therapy (Alpha-DaRT)
Authors: Nojima Hitomi , Kaida Atsushi , Matsuya Yusuke , Uo Motohiro , Yoshimura Ryo-ichi , Arazi Lior , Miura Masahiko 
Published: May 2024

AbstractDiffusing alpha-emitters radiation therapy (Alpha-DaRT) is a unique method, in which interstitial sources carrying 224Ra release a chain of short-lived daughter atoms from their surface. Although DNA damage response (DDR) is crucial to inducing cell death after irradiation, how the DDR occurs during Alpha-DaRT treatment has not yet been explored. In this study, we temporo-spatially characterized DDR such as kinetics of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) and cell cycle, in two-dimensional (2D) culture conditions qualitatively mimicking Alpha-DaRT treatments, by employing HeLa cells expressing the Fucci cell cycle-visualizing system. The distribution of the alpha-particle pits detected by a plastic nuclear track detector, CR-39, strongly correlated with γH2AX staining, a marker of DSBs, around the 224Ra source, but the area of G2 arrested cells was more widely spread 24 h from the start of the exposure. Thereafter, close time-lapse observation revealed varying cell cycle kinetics, depending on the distance from the source. A medium containing daughter nuclides prepared from 224Ra sources allowed us to estimate the radiation dose after 24 h of exposure, and determine surviving fractions. The present experimental model revealed for the first time temporo-spatial information of DDR occurring around the source in its early stages.
Social network analysis of a decade-long collaborative innovation network between hospitals and the biomedical industry in China
Authors: Liu Xiang , Chen Hong , Liu Yue , Zou Jie , Tian Jiahe , Tsomo Tenzin , Li Meina , Yu Wenya 
Published: May 2024

AbstractCollaborative innovation between hospitals and biomedical enterprises is crucial for ensuring breakthroughs in their development. This study explores the structural characteristics and examines the main roles of associated key actors of collaborative innovation between hospitals and biomedical enterprises in China. Using the jointly owned patent data within the country’s healthcare industry, a decade-long collaborative innovation network between hospitals and biomedical enterprises in China was established and analyzed through social network analysis. The results revealed that the overall levels of collaborative innovation network density, collaborative frequency, and network connectivity were significantly low, especially in less-developed regions. In terms of actors with higher degree centrality, hospitals accounted for the majority, whereas a biomedical enterprise in Shenzhen had the highest degree centrality. Organizations in underdeveloped and northwest regions and small players were more likely to implement collaborative innovation. In conclusion, a collaborative innovation network between hospitals and biomedical enterprises in China demonstrated high dispersion and poor development levels. Stimulating organizations’ initiatives for collaborative innovation may enhance quality and quantity of such innovation. Policy support and economic investments, strategic collaborative help, and resource and partnership optimization, especially for small players and in less-developed and northwest regions, should be encouraged to enhance collaborative innovation between hospitals and the biomedical industry in China and other similar countries or regions.
A meshless computational framework for studying cold spray additive manufacturing including large numbers of powder particles with diverse characteristics
Authors: Zhang Z. L. , Afrasiabi M. , Bambach M. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractCold spray (CS) has emerged as an appealing additive manufacturing (AM) technique for producing or repairing individual components or entire structures. Compared to fusion-based AM technologies, cold spray additive manufacturing (CSAM) offers distinct advantages in the fabrication of components, while avoiding some melting/solidification-related issues such as phase transformation and oxidation. It involves intricate processes that pose significant challenges for numerical modeling, particularly when simulating the entire process at a large scale. The smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) method is highly suitable for handling large material deformations due to its Lagrangian and meshless nature. In this work, we develop an enhanced SPH method to conduct large-scale simulations of CSAM with different powder sizes, morphologies, and distributions. A modified material model has been incorporated to accurately capture the strain-rate hardening effects during the plastic stage. The computational scale is greatly improved by using a Message Passing Interface (MPI) based framework, enabling the simulation of approximately ten million SPH particles. To the authors’ knowledge, this study marks the first attempt to numerically reproduce the entire process of CSAM with real powder sizes and distributions. Experimental data measured for a wide range of powder velocities are used to validate the simulation results and assess the prediction accuracy. Subsequently, we comparatively study the bonding mechanisms of powders with the same or different sizes, while also identifying a four-stage coating process. The effects of powder morphology on the bonding process are thoroughly investigated. A large-scale CSAM process is finally reproduced to demonstrate the capability of the present meshless scheme, and mechanisms of pore formation are analyzed, providing valuable insights for practical engineering applications.
Acclimation to higher temperature and antioxidant supplemented diets improved rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) resilience to heatwaves
Authors: Hosseinpour Fatemeh , Vazirzadeh Arya , Farhadi Ahmad , Sajjadi Seyed Hossein 
Published: May 2024

AbstractColdwater species are challenged with increasing water temperatures and fluctuations over their upper thermal limits. This study evaluated the potential of acclimation to higher temperature and dietary antioxidants capacity to mitigate the adverse effects of heat shocks in rainbow trout. To this end, rainbow trout fingerlings were acclimated at optimal (14 °C) and high (20 °C) temperatures and fed on selenium (5 mg/kg) and polyphenol (2 g/kg) supplemented diets for 60 days and then were exposed to heat shocks by increasing water temperature up to 30 °C. Growth performance, survival rate, haemato-immunological parameters, and expression of HSP70α, HSP70β, HSP90β, and IL-1β genes were measured to evaluate the hypothesises. The rainbow trout acclimated to 20 °C and fed on antioxidants supplemented diets showed a significantly higher aftershock survival rate. Moreover, fish acclimated to higher temperature showed higher red blood cell counts as well as serum total protein and albumin during the acclimation trial and heat shocks phase. Acclimation to higher temperature and feeding on antioxidants remarkably enhanced fish immune and antioxidant capacity in comparison to fish adapted to cold water and fed on the basal diet measured by improved respiratory burst and lysozyme activities and upregulation of IL-1β expression during exposure of fish to heat shocks. Furthermore, fish acclimated to higher temperature, especially those fed on antioxidant supplemented diets, showed lower expression levels of HSPs genes during the heat shock phase, indicating that high heat shocks were less stressful for these fish in comparison to cold water acclimated fish. This finding was also supported by lower cortisol levels during heat shocks in fish acclimated to higher temperature. In conclusion, the results of this study indicated that acclimation to higher temperature and/or fed on diets supplemented by selenium and polyphenol, can help to mitigate the adverse effects of the heat shock in rainbow trout.