bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Italian-speaking communities in early nineteenth century Tunis
Authors: Triulzi Alessandro 
Published: May 2009

En s'appuyant en grande partie sur les archives du Département d'Etat Américain (Consulat de Tunis) et sur plusieurs travaux antérieurs, l'auteur a donné un tableau des Italiens de Tunisie de 1830 à 1860 environ. Leur nombre a varié et ne peut être affirmé avec certitude. Leur origine remonte à de nombreux Italiens capturés comme esclaves, au Juifs livournais ou Grata venus s'installer à Tunis au XVIIIe siècle, à des exilés qui acquirent d'importantes positions & Tunis, comme médecins par exemple .
Grâce à eux, la langue italienne tint une grande place jusqu'au milieu du XIX* siècle et les Italiennes s'allièrent souvent à des membres de l'élite tunisienne, voire de la famille beylicale. L'émigration italienne, importante à partir des années 1830, amena en Tunisie bon nombre de techniciens qui contribuèrent à la modernisation de la Régence, puis des exilés politiques, carbonari entre autres, qui animèrent la vie tunisoise en créant écoles, théâtres, journaux et loges maçonniques. De plus certains Italiens, Calligaris surtout, collaborèrent efficacement à la modernisation de l'armée tunisienne, puis à la formation des cadres du pays par l'école militaire que dirigea Calligaris et qui servit de modèle au fameux Collège Sadiki. Vers 1850 l'influence officieuse italienne décrut, à cause de l'effort français dans la Régence, mais aussi parce que l'unité italienne en formation rappelait beaucoup d'Italiens dans la Péninsule.
Dévotion de groupe et piété personnelle dans les pèlerinages bretons de la Réforme catholique
Authors: Provost Georges 
Published: May 2009

Collective Worshiping and Personal Piety in Breton Pilgrimages during the Counter-Reformation

This paper - based on the example of Breton pilgrimages - aims at showing how the Counter- Reformation linked collective worshiping to personal piety. It seems that the Breton pilgrim had a collective approach to religion the 17th and 18th century. More than ever, it focused on the « pardon » with its intense group rituals such as processions. These were meant to manage the pilgrims as a crowd but also to involve them individually - letting them carry a banner, a candle or a personal « ex-voto ». The paradox is that the great aim of the Council of Trent - i.e. to promote individual worship - could only come true through a growing emphasis on collective worshipping.
Input constrained adaptive tracking for a nonlinear distributed parameter tubular reactor
Authors: Beniich N. , El Bouhtouri A. , Dochain D. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractIn this paper we address the problem of local λ tracking of a pre‐specified profile temperature for exothermic chemical reaction in a tubular reactor. In contrast to the various models in the literature, which are usually ordinary differential equations in finite‐dimensional spaces, we use a nonlinear distributed parameter model for both the evolution of the temperature and the reactant concentration. We show under nonrestrictive conditions that an adaptive output feedback controller achieves approximate asymptotic tracking where the pre‐specified asymptotic tracking accuracy, quantified by the design parameter λ>0, is guaranteed. Only a feasibility assumption in terms of the reference temperature and the input constraints is considered. Numerical simulations have been performed to illustrate the performance of the proposed approach. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Changes in red cell ion transport, reduced intratumoral neovascularization, and some mild motor function abnormalities accompany targeted disruption of the Mouse Kell gene (Kel)
Authors: Zhu Xiang , Rivera Alicia , Golub Mari S. , Peng Jianbin , Sha Quan , Wu Xu , Song Xiaoling , Kumarathasan Prem , Ho Mac , Redman Colvin M. , Lee Soohee 
Published: May 2009

AbstractKell (ECE‐3), a highly polymorphic blood group glycoprotein, displays more than 30 antigens that produce allo‐antibodies and, on red blood cells (RBCs), is complexed through a single disulfide bond with the integral membrane protein, XK. XK is a putative membrane transporter whose absence results in a late onset form of neuromuscular abnormalities known as the McLeod syndrome. Although Kell glycoprotein is known to be an endothelin‐3‐converting enzyme, the full extent of its physiological function is unknown. To study the functions of Kell glycoprotein, we undertook targeted disruption of the murine Kel gene by homologous recombination. RBCs from Kel(–/–) mice lacked Kell glycoprotein, Kell/XK complex, and endothelin‐3‐converting enzyme activity and had reduced levels of XK. XK mRNA levels in spleen, brain, and testis were unchanged. In Kel(–/–) mice RBC Gardos channel activity was increased and the normal enhancement by endothelin‐3 was blunted. Analysis of the microvessels of tumors produced from LL2 cells indicated that the central portion of tumors from wild‐type mice were populated with many mature blood vessels, but that vessels in tumors from Kel(–/–) mice were fewer and smaller. The absence of Kell glycoprotein mildly affected some motor activities identified by foot splay on the drop tests. The targeted disruption of Kel in mouse enabled us to identify phenotypes that would not be easily detected in humans lacking Kell glycoprotein. In this regard, the Kell knockout mouse provides a good animal model for the study of normal and/or pathophysiological functions of Kell glycoprotein. Am. J. Hematol., 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Patterns of hepatic iron distribution in patients with chronically transfused thalassemia and sickle cell disease
Authors: Ghugre Nilesh R. , Gonzalez‐Gomez Ignacio , Butensky Ellen , Noetzli Leila , Fischer Roland , Williams Roger , Harmatz Paul , Coates Thomas D. , Wood John C. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractPatients with sickle cell disease (SCD) appear to be at lower risk of endocrinopathies and cardiac dysfunction than those with thalassemia major (TM). Circulating redox active iron is lower in these patients, possibly due to increased systemic inflammation and circulating cytokines. Hepcidin synthesis is upregulated during chronic inflammation, reducing intestinal iron absorption and promoting retention of iron in the reticuloendothelial cells. Hence, we hypothesized that livers of patients with SCD would exhibit greater iron deposition in sinusoidal spaces relative to hepatocytes and less in portal tracts when compared to patients with TM. To test this hypothesis, iron scoring analysis was performed on 70 clinically indicated liver biopsy specimens from children and young adults with the two syndromes. Sinusoidal scores were lower in around 1 of 4 patients with TM but the relative iron loading in hepatocytes, and portal tracts was identical in both diseases. Sinusoidal iron burdens saturated at low hepatic iron concentration (HIC) while hepatocyte and portal iron depots increased proportionally to HIC. Liver fibrosis was increased in patients with TM regardless of their chronic hepatitis status. Overall, liver iron distribution was relatively insensitive to differences in disease type and to the presence or absence of hepatitis. Am. J. Hematol., 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The relationship between social status and atherosclerosis in male and female monkeys as revealed by meta‐analysis
Authors: Kaplan Jay R. , Chen Haiying , Manuck Stephen B. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractMore than 25 years ago our laboratory reported sex‐dependent relationships between social status and coronary artery atherosclerosis among cholesterol‐fed cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis) maintained in social groups of four to six animals each. Dominant males developed more atherosclerosis than subordinates, but only if housed in recurrently reorganized social groups. In contrast, dominant females developed significantly less atherosclerosis than subordinates, irrespective of social setting. Although we have continued to study these associations, no confirmatory investigations have been reported by other laboratories or using other atherosclerosis‐susceptible monkey species. Accordingly, we conducted a meta‐analysis of all relevant data sources developed in our laboratory since 1982 to determine whether the originally reported relationships between social status and atherosclerosis reflected robust associations. The sentinel (first) studies were composed of 16 females and 27 males. The current meta‐analysis encompassed 419 animals (200 females and 219 males) derived from 11 separate investigations. The results confirmed that, among males, dominant individuals developed more extensive atherosclerosis than subordinates when housed in recurrently reorganized (unstable) social groups in which an estrogen‐implanted female was also present. Dominant males in stable social groups tended to have less atherosclerosis than similarly housed subordinates, but this effect was not significant. On the contrary, we found that dominant females developed reliably less atherosclerosis than subordinates. Am. J. Primatol. 71:732–741, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Exploiting the 1,2,3‐Triazolium Motif in Anion‐Templated Formation of a Bromide‐Selective Rotaxane Host Assembly
Authors: Mullen Kathleen M. , Mercurio James , Serpell Christopher J. , Beer Paul D. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractBromide is best: The first [2]rotaxane incorporating the triazolium anion‐binding motif is prepared using bromide anion templation. Preliminary anion‐binding investigations reveal that the rotaxane exhibits the rare selectivity preference for bromide over chloride ions.magnified image
Palladium‐catalysed PC bond forming reactions between diphenylphosphine and ortho‐substituted aryl bromides
Authors: Damian Karen , Clarke Matthew L. , Cobley Christopher J. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractThe use of palladium catalysts derived from 1,1′‐bis‐diisopropylphosphino‐ferrocene and a microwave heating source allows the coupling of a range of ortho‐substituted aryl bromides to diphenylphosphine derivatives to proceed in good yield in under 30 min. Optimization studies reveal that the combination of diphenylphosphine and DABCO is superior to more basic phosphide nucleophiles such as Ph2PK or Ph2PMgBr. High yields are only observed when moderately bulky electron rich diphosphines are used as ligands. The differences between PC coupling and other cross‐coupling reactions are discussed in the light of the reactivity observed. Studies aimed at producing industrially important 1,2‐bis‐phosphino‐benzene ligands are also described. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Photometric analysis of the eclipsing binary 2MASS 19090585+4911585
Authors: Raetz St. , Vaňko M. , Mugrauer M. , Schmidt T.O.B. , Roell T. , Eisenbeiss T. , Hohle M. M. , Koeltzsch A. , Ginski Ch. , Marka C. , Moualla M. , Tetzlaff N. , Broeg Ch. , Neuhäuser R. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractWe report on observations of the eclipsing binary 2MASS 19090585+4911585 with the 25 cm auxiliary telescope of the University Observatory Jena. We show that a nearby brighter star (2MASS 19090783+4912085) was previously misclassified as the eclipsing binary and find 2MASS 19090585+4911585 to be the true source of variation. We present photometric analysis of VRI light curves. The system is an overcontact binary of W UMa type with an orbital period of (0.288374 ± 0.000010) d (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Variability of young stars: Determination of rotational periods of weak‐line T Tauri stars in the Cepheus‐Cassiopeia star‐forming region
Authors: Koeltzsch A. , Mugrauer M. , Raetz St. , Schmidt T.O.B. , Roell T. , Eisenbeiss T. , Vaňko M. , Hohle M.M. , Ginski Ch. , Marka C. , Moualla M. , Schreyer K. , Broeg Ch. , Neuhäuser R. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractWe report on observation and determination of rotational periods of ten weak‐line T Tauri stars in the Cepheus‐Cassiopeia star‐forming region. Observations were carried out with the Cassegrain‐Teleskop‐Kamera (CTK) at University Observatory Jena between 2007 June and 2008 May. The periods obtained range between 0.49 d and 5.7 d, typical for weak‐line and post T Tauri stars (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Genetic and environmental factors in the etiology of esophageal atresia and/or tracheoesophageal fistula: An overview of the current concepts
Authors: Felix Janine F. , de Jong Elisabeth M. , Torfs Claudine P. , de Klein A. , Rottier Robbert J. , Tibboel Dick 
Published: May 2009

AbstractEsophageal atresia and/or tracheoesophageal fistula (EA/TEF) are severe congenital anomalies. Although recent years have brought significant improvement in clinical treatment, our understanding of the etiology of these defects is lagging. Many genes and genetic pathways have been implicated in the development of EA/TEF, but only a few genes have been shown to be involved in humans, in animals, or in both. Extrapolating data from animal models to humans is not always straightforward. Environmental factors may also carry a risk, but the mechanisms are yet to be elucidated. This review gives an overview of the current state of knowledge about both genetic and environmental risk factors in the etiology of EA/TEF. Birth Defects Research (Part A) 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Theoretical design of bioinspired macromolecular electrets based on anthranilamide derivatives
Authors: Ashraf M. K. , Millare Brent , Gerasimenko Alexander A. , Bao Duoduo , Pandey Rajeev R. , Lake Roger K. , Vullev Valentine I. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractPolypeptide helices possess considerable intrinsic dipole moments oriented along their axes. While for proline helices the dipoles originate solely from the ordered orientation of the amide bonds, for 310− and α‐helices the polarization resultant from the formation of hydrogen‐bond network further increases the magnitude of the macromolecular dipoles. The enormous electric‐field gradients, generated by the dipoles of α‐helices (which amount to about 5 D per residue with 0.15 nm residue increments along the helix), play a crucial role in the selectivity and the transport properties of ion channels. The demonstration of dipole‐induced rectification of vectorial charge transfer mediated by α‐helices has opened a range of possibilities for applications of these macromolecules in molecular and biomolecular electronics. These biopolymers, however, possess relatively large bandgaps. As an alternative, we examined a series of synthetic macromolecules, aromatic oligo‐ortho‐amides, which form extended structures with amide bonds in ordered orientation, supported by a hydrogen‐bond network. Unlike their biomolecular counterparts, the extended π‐conjugation of these macromolecules will produce bandgaps significantly smaller than the polypeptide bandgaps. Using ab initio density functional theory calculations, we modeled anthranilamide derivatives that are representative oligo‐ortho‐amide conjugates. Our calculations, indeed, showed intrinsic dipole moments oriented along the polymer axes and increasing with the increase in the length of the oligomers. Each anthranilamide residue contributed about 3 D to the vectorial macromolecular dipole. When we added electron donating (diethylamine) and electron withdrawing (nitro and trifluoromethyl) groups for n‐ and p‐doping, respectively, we observed that: (1) proper positioning of the electron donating and withdrawing groups further polarized the aromatic residues, increasing the intrinsic dipole to about 4.5 D per residue; and (2) extension of the π‐conjugation over some of the doping groups narrowed the band gaps with as much as 1 eV. The investigated bioinspired systems offer alternatives for the development of broad range of organic electronic materials with nonlinear properties. © 2009 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Biotechnol. Prog., 2009
Multimarker Approach Predicts Adverse Cardiovascular Events in Women Evaluated for Suspected Ischemia: Results from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute–Sponsored Women's Ischemia Syndrome Evaluation
Authors: Arant Christopher B. , Wessel Timothy R. , Ridker Paul M. , Olson Marian B. , Reis Steven E. , Delia Johnson B. , Sharaf Barry L. , Pauly Daniel F. , Handberg Eileen , Zineh Issam , Sopko George , Kelsey Sheryl F. , Noel Bairey Merz C. , Pepine Carl J. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractBackgroundInflammatory marker and hemoglobin levels (eg biomarkers) considered separately, predict adverse events in selected populations.HypothesisA multiple biomarker approach predicts adverse events in women referred for evaluation of ischemia.MethodsWe investigated associations between biomarkers (high sensitivity C‐reactive protein, interleukin‐6, serum amyloid‐A, and hemoglobin levels) with adverse outcomes in women referred for coronary angiography for suspected ischemia in the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)–sponsored Women's Ischemia Syndrome Evaluation (WISE).ResultsAmong 595 women (mean age 58 years, ejection fraction [EF] 65%, majority without coronary stenosis ≥ 50%) followed for 3.6 ± 1.8 years (mean ± SD), those without abnormal markers had fewer events (11.6%) compared to those with 1 (18.4%), 2 (20.9%), or 3 (37%) abnormal markers (p < 0.001 for trend). Women without abnormal markers had fewer deaths (1.6%) than women with 1 (6.1%), 2 (9.1%), or 3 (17%) abnormal markers (p < 0.001 for trend). Adding low hemoglobin was associated with higher adverse event and all‐cause mortality rates. In multivariate analysis, as the number of abnormal biomarkers increased risk increased. Women with 3 or 4 abnormal biomarkers were approximately 10–20 times more likely to die (p < 0.05). Biomarkers added to the predictive information provided by the Framingham Risk Score.ConclusionsAmong women undergoing coronary angiography for suspected ischemia, a multibiomarker approach predicted adverse events. Biomarkers added prognostic information beyond that obtained from traditional risk factors. Copyright © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Novel chemotherapy approaches for cervical cancer
Authors: Movva Sujana , Rodriguez Lorna , Arias‐Pulido Hugo , Verschraegen Claire 
Published: May 2009

AbstractCancer of the cervix is the second most common malignancy among women worldwide. The last 20 years have lead to numerous advances in the medical management of locally advanced cervical cancer, including preventive vaccination, chemoradiation, and neoadjuvant chemotherapy. The treatment of metastatic disease is palliative at best. Platinum‐based chemotherapy remains the standard of care for inoperable patients who have recurrent disease. However, because most patients initially receive concomitant platinum‐based therapy with radiation, many recurrent tumors are refractory to platinum. The use of novel therapeutic approaches targeted to the carcinogenic processes that leads to the ontogenesis of cervical cancer should be promoted in clinical studies to improve patient outcomes. Cancer 2009; 115:3166–80. © 2009 American Cancer Society.
Effect of dialysate sodium profiling and gradient ultrafiltration on hypotension
Authors: Cosar Arife Albayrak , Cinar Sezgi 
Published: May 2009

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed to investigate the effects of dialysate sodium profiling and gradient ultrafiltration on hypotension during hemodialysis.MethodsIn this study, a single‐blinded, crossover design of 4 different dialysis protocols was undertaken. Four hemodialysis protocols were administered to 40 patients to 2 mounts (12 hemodialysis sessions). A total of 40 patients experiencing hypotension episodes during hemodialysis and who agreed to participate were included in the study. All patients were administered 4 different hemodialysis protocols consecutively. Protocol 1 = linear sodium dialysate 1 (Na: 150 mEq/L and decreased by 4 mEq/L at each hour) and constant ultrafiltration; Protocol 2 = linear sodium dialysate and gradient ultrafiltration; Protocol 3 = constant sodium dialysate and gradient ultrafiltration; and Protocol 4 (standard hemodialysis) = constant sodium dialysate and constant ultrafiltration.ResultsThe results of this study show that when linear sodium dialysate and gradient ultrafiltration are used concomitantly, hypotension episodes decrease, more ultrafiltration is performed, and less treatment is needed. Gradient sodium dialysate usage (Protocol 1 and 2) required fewer treatment interventions for hypotension compared to standard protocol. No significant differences were observed between standard hemodialysis and any of the other protocols after dialysis for plasma osmolarity.ConclusionWe recommend concomitant use of gradient ultrafiltration and sodium dialysate in patients with hypotension.
Magnetohydrodynamic flow of a Sisko fluid in annular pipe: A numerical study
Authors: Khan Masood , Abbas Qaisar , Duru Kenneth 
Published: May 2009

AbstractThis paper presents a numerical study for the unsteady flow of a magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) Sisko fluid in annular pipe. The fluid is assumed to be electrically conducting in the presence of a uniform magnetic field. Based on the constitutive relationship of a Sisko fluid, the non‐linear equation governing the flow is first modelled and then numerically solved. The effects of the various parameters especially the power index n, the material parameter of the non‐Newtonian fluid b and the magnetic parameter B on the flow characteristics are explored numerically and presented through several graphs. Moreover, the shear‐thinning and shear‐thickening characteristics of the non‐Newtonian Sisko fluid are investigated and a comparison is also made with the Newtonian fluid. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Gadd45a stress signaling regulates sFlt‐1 expression in preeclampsia
Authors: Xiong Yali , Liebermann Dan A. , Tront Jennifer S. , Holtzman Eliezer J. , Huang Yajue , Hoffman Barbara , Geifman‐Holtzman Ossie 
Published: May 2009

AbstractPreeclampsia, which affects approximately 5–8% of all pregnancies and is one of the leading causes of maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality, is a pregnancy induced complex of multiple pathological changes, including elevated blood pressure, proteinuria and edema manifested after 20 weeks gestation. There is growing evidence that placental stresses during pregnancy, notably hypoxia, and an increase in circulating soluble Flt‐1 (sFlt‐1) are important in the etiopathogenesis of preeclampsia. How placental stress results in elevated sFlt‐1 expression is currently unknown. Here we provide novel data implicating the Gadd45a stress sensor protein as an upstream modulator of pathophysiological changes observed in preeclampsia. It is shown that Gadd45a expression and activation of its downstream effector p38 kinase are elevated in preeclamptic placentas compared to non‐preeclamptic controls, and correlate with elevated sFlt‐1. Furthermore, a regulatory loop is demonstrated where stress, including hypoxia, IL‐6 or hypertonic stress, caused induction of Gadd45a, leading to p38 activation and ultimately increasing sFlt‐1 secretion in endothelial cells. These data provide a compelling working frame to further test the role of Gadd45 stress sensors in the etiology of preeclampsia, and set the stage for considering novel therapeutic regimens, including p38 inhibitors, for treatment of preeclampsia. J. Cell. Physiol. 220: 632–639, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.