bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Electrochemiluminescence Behavior of Ru(bpy)32+/Carbofuran System on an Electrically Heated Microelectrode Chip
Authors: Ye Ruihong , Chen Xiaoping , Qiu Bin , Lin Zhenyu 
Published: October 2011

AbstractAn electrically heated microelectrode chip (HMEC) was designed and the Ru(bpy)32+/carbofuran electrochemiluminescence (ECL) systems were applied to characterize the performance of the HMEC. The ECL intensities increase at elevated electrode temperature, and the detection limit at 60°C (electrode surface temperature) was about 10 times lower than that at 30°C. The results indicate that new heated electrode can be handled easily and can be mass produced, the difference between the electrodes was little. The stability of the HMEC was good since the electrode surface can hardly be destroyed during detection and storage.
Synthesis and Insecticidal Activities of 1,3,5‐Trisubstituted‐1,3,5‐hexahydrotriazine‐2‐N‐nitroimines
Authors: Xue Sijia , Ma Xubo , Bu Hongfei , Liu Li , Xu Xiao 
Published: October 2011

AbstractA new series of 1,3,5‐trisubstituted‐1,3,5‐hexahydrotriazine‐2‐N‐nitroimines (3a–3j) were designed and synthesized as novel neonicotinoid analogues, and their structures were characterized by 1H NMR, IR, elemental analysis and MS. The preliminary bioassay tests showed that most of the target compounds had good insecticidal activities against Nilaparvata lugens as well as Aphis medicaginis at 500 mg/L, while compound 3i had 100% mortality against Nilaparvata lugens at 20 mg/L.
On the role of human mobility in the spread of cholera epidemics: towards an epidemiological movement ecology
Authors: Mari Lorenzo , Bertuzzo Enrico , Righetto Lorenzo , Casagrandi Renato , Gatto Marino , Rodriguez‐Iturbe Ignacio , Rinaldo Andrea 
Published: October 2011

ABSTRACTWe investigate the role of human mobility as a driver for long‐range spreading of cholera infections, which otherwise primarily propagate through hydrologically controlled ecological corridors. We rely on a recent mechanistic, field‐data validated, spatially explicit model of disease epidemic made up by a two‐layer network model that accounts for the interplay between epidemiological dynamics, hydrological transport and long‐distance dissemination of the pathogen Vibrio cholerae due to host movement. Here we extend the original model and probe different schemes of human mobility, possibly accounting also for restriction policies aimed at slowing down the evolution of the outbreak in space and time. We show that long‐range human movement is indeed an efficient vector of disease propagation, thus playing a defining role in the formation of regional patterns of cholera epidemics. We conclude that properly designed interventions on human mobility could be an aid to the control of cholera outbreaks and suggest that bridging epidemiology and movement ecology might actually contribute to a better understanding of how waterborne diseases propagate at various scales. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
99mTcI/ReI Tricarbonyl Complexes with Tridentate Cysteamine Based Ligands: Synthesis, Characterization and in vitro/in vivo Evaluation
Authors: Moura Carolina , Gano Lurdes , Santos Isabel C. , Santos Isabel , Paulo António 
Published: October 2011

AbstractTricarbonyl MI (M = Re, 99mTc) complexes of a new tridentate cysteamine based chelator have been synthesized and fully characterized. To gain an insight into the usefulness of this new chelator for labeling biomolecules with a fac‐[M(CO)3]+ core, the ligand framework has been functionalized with a N‐(dialkylaminoalkyl) pharmacophore. The corresponding 99mTcI complexes showed moderate affinity for melanin and moderate cell uptake by B16F1 murine melanoma cells, and therefore deserve further evaluation in vivo as radioactive probes for the detection of melanomas.
1,8‐Hydrogen Atom Transfer Promoted by N‐Radicals in (1→4)‐O‐Disaccharide Models
Authors: León Elisa I. , Martín Ángeles , Pérez‐Martín Inés , Suárez Ernesto 
Published: October 2011

AbstractThe nitrogen‐centered radical generated by reaction of an N‐sulfonamidate, attached to C‐6 of a hexopyranose in a disaccharide model, with (diacetoxyiodo)benzene (DIB) andiodine undergoes a novel regio‐ and stereoselective intramolecular 1,8‐hydrogen atom transfer (HAT) reaction to promote the functionalization of remote positions.
Parallel single‐cell analysis microfluidic platform
Authors: van den Brink Floris T. G. , Gool Elmar , Frimat Jean‐Philippe , Bomer Johan , van den Berg Albert , Le Gac Séverine 
Published: October 2011

AbstractWe report a PDMS microfluidic platform for parallel single‐cell analysis (PaSCAl) as a powerful tool to decipher the heterogeneity found in cell populations. Cells are trapped individually in dedicated pockets, and thereafter, a number of invasive or non‐invasive analysis schemes are performed. First, we report single‐cell trapping in a fast (2–5 min) and reproducible manner with a single‐cell capture yield of 85% using two cell lines (P3x63Ag8 and MCF‐7), employing a protocol which is scalable and easily amenable to automation. Following this, a mixed population of P3x63Ag8 and MCF‐7cells is stained in situ using the nucleic acid probe (Hoechst) and a phycoerythrin‐labeled monoclonal antibody directed at EpCAM present on the surface of the breast cancer cells MCF‐7 and absent on the myeloma cells P3x63Ag8 to illustrate the potential of the device to analyze cell population heterogeneity. Next, cells are porated in situ using chemicals in a reversible (digitonin) or irreversible way (lithium dodecyl sulfate). This is visualized by the transportation of fluorescent dyes through the membrane (propidium iodide and calcein). Finally, an electrical protocol is developed for combined cell permeabilization and electroosmotic flow (EOF)‐based extraction of the cell content. It is validated here using calcein‐loaded cells and visualized through the progressive recovery of calcein in the side channels, indicating successful retrieval of individual cell content.
The burden of depressive symptoms and various chronic conditions and health concerns on the quality of life among those with Medicare Supplement Insurance
Authors: Ozminkowski Ronald J. , Musich Shirley , Bottone Frank G. , Hawkins Kevin , Bai Ming , Unützer Jürgen , Hommer Cynthia E. , Migliori Richard J. , Yeh Charlotte S. 
Published: October 2011

ObjectiveThis study aims to estimate the burden of currently having depressive symptoms on quality of life independently and in combination with various chronic conditions/health concerns among adults with Medicare Supplement Insurance (i.e., Medigap) coverage.MethodsData were obtained from the Health Update Survey (HUS). The HUS contains questions on demographics, comorbid conditions, and all of the questions on the Veterans RAND 12‐item (VR‐12) health status/quality of life survey. The survey was mailed to a random sample of 30,000 insureds from 10 states between 2008 and 2009. On the basis of relevant questions from the survey, respondents were categorized into two groups: those currently suffering from current depressive symptoms (N = 2283) and those who never had depressive symptoms (N = 7058). Multiple regression modeling was used to test the impact on quality of life of depressive symptoms independently or as an interaction of depressive symptoms with various chronic conditions/health concerns.ResultsDepressive symptoms were common, with an estimated prevalence of 24.4%. The greatest impact of depressive symptoms in combination with various chronic conditions/health concerns on quality of life was on the ability to handle emotional roles, bodily pain, social functioning, and ability to handle physical roles. Most of the significant interactions between depressive symptoms and various chronic conditions/health concerns were demonstrated for those chronic conditions contributing to functional impairment (e.g., difficulty walking, falls, chronic pain, and diabetes).ConclusionsAlthough depressive symptoms independently reduced quality of life, having depressive symptoms in addition to other chronic conditions/health concerns had a greater impact on quality of life. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
COPULA BIVARIATE PROBIT MODELS: WITH AN APPLICATION TO MEDICAL EXPENDITURES
Authors: Winkelmann Rainer 
Published: October 2011

ABSTRACTThe bivariate probit model is frequently used for estimating the effect of an endogenous binary regressor (the ‘treatment’) on a binary health outcome variable. This paper discusses simple modifications that maintain the probit assumption for the marginal distributions while introducing non‐normal dependence using copulas. In an application of the copula bivariate probit model to the effect of insurance status on the absence of ambulatory health care expenditure, a model based on the Frank copula outperforms the standard bivariate probit model. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Acinar‐to‐ductal metaplasia accompanies c‐myc‐induced exocrine pancreatic cancer progression in transgenic rodents
Authors: Grippo Paul J. , Sandgren Eric P. 
Published: October 2011

AbstractSeveral important characteristics of exocrine pancreatic tumor pathogenesis remain incompletely defined, including identification of the cell of origin. Most human pancreatic neoplasms are ductal adenocarcinomas. However, acinar cells have been proposed as the source of some ductal neoplasms through a process of acinar‐to‐ductal metaplasia. The oncogenic transcription factor c‐myc is associated with human pancreatic neoplasms. Transgenic mice overexpressing c‐myc under control of acinar cell‐specific elastase (Ela) gene regulatory elements not only develop acinar cell carcinomas but also mixed neoplasms that display both acinar‐like neoplastic cells and duct‐like neoplastic cells. In this report, we demonstrate that, first, c‐myc is sufficient to induce acinar hyperplasia, though neoplastic lesions develop focally. Second, cell proliferation remains elevated in the neoplastic duct cell compartment of mixed neoplasms. Third, the proliferation/apoptosis ratio in cells from all lesion types remains constant, suggesting that differential regulation of these processes is not a feature of cancer progression in this model. Fourth, before the development of mixed neoplasms, there is transcriptional activation of the duct cell‐specific cytokeratin‐19 gene promoter in multicellular foci of amylase‐positive acinar neoplasms. This observation provides direct evidence for metaplasia as the mechanism underlying development of ductal neoplastic cells within the context of an acinar neoplasm and suggests that the stimulus for this transformation acts over a multicellular domain or field within a neoplasm. Finally, focal ductal elements develop in some acinar cell carcinomas in Ela‐c‐myc transgenic rats, indicating that myc‐associated acinar‐to‐ductal metaplasia is not restricted to the mouse.
iPoetry: Creating Space for New Literacies in the English Curriculum
Authors: Curwood Jen Scott , Cowell Lora Lee H. 
Published: October 2011

AbstractThis article explores the use of digital poetry in a secondary English classroom and its implications for adolescents’ multimodal composition and identity development. The authors—an English teacher and a library media specialist—collaborated over the course of three years to design, implement, and reiterate a digital poetry curriculum. Through their work, they sought to infuse new vitality into literacy practices in order to enhance students’ engagement, increase their awareness of audience, and encourage their progressive use of media and technology. After students read, critiqued, and wrote poetry using traditional print text, they then employed digital tools to reinterpret those poems using multimodal elements. The authors argue that if teachers are to successfully implement new literacy practices in their classrooms, they must first establish a community of practice with other like‐minded educators in order to engage in ongoing, critical dialogue around issues of literacy, learning, and technology.
Application of the pulsed light technology to mycotoxin degradation and inactivation
Authors: Moreau Morgane , Lescure Geoffroy , Agoulon Adrien , Svinareff Pascal , Orange Nicole , Feuilloley Marc 
Published: October 2011

ABSTRACTThe persistence of mycotoxins and their metabolites in agricultural products is a major safety concern because of their high resistance to all kinds of decontamination techniques. In this study, we evaluated the effectiveness of the pulsed light technology for the degradation of mycotoxins. We report that eight flashes of pulsed light destroyed of 84.5 ± 1.9, 72.5 ± 1.1, 92.7 ± 0.8 and 98.1 ± 0.2% of zearalenone, deoxynivalenol, aflatoxin B1 and ochratoxin in solution. The degradation of the molecules was monitored by HPLC and LC‐MS/MS analysis. We estimated the potential toxicity of zearalenone and deoxynivelenol after exposure to a pulsed light treatment using the Caenorhabditis elegans survival tests. The genotoxicity of aflatoxin B1 was also investigated using a complete Ames test. The results show that the treatment of zearalenone and deoxynivelenol by single or multiple flashes of pulsed light is associated with a stagnation or marginal decrease of the toxicity of the mycotoxins and that treatment of aflatoxin B1 by pulsed light can completely eliminate the mutagenic potential of this mycotoxin. This work provides the first demonstration of a nonthermal technology allowing mycotoxin destruction and inactivation of their mutagenic activity. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Three-dimensional dynamic bone histomorphometry
Authors: Slyfield Craig R , Tkachenko Evgeniy V , Wilson David L , Hernandez Christopher J 
Published: October 2011

Abstract
Dynamic bone histomorphometry is the standard method for measuring bone remodeling at the level of individual events. Although dynamic bone histomorphometry is an invaluable tool for understanding osteoporosis and other metabolic bone diseases, the technique's two-dimensional nature requires the use of stereology and prevents measures of individual remodeling event number and size. Here, we used a novel three-dimensional fluorescence imaging technique to achieve measures of individual resorption cavities and formation events. We performed this three-dimensional histomorphometry approach using a common model of postmenopausal osteoporosis, the ovariectomized rat. The three-dimensional images demonstrated the spatial relationship between resorption cavities and formation events consistent with the hemiosteonal model of cancellous bone remodeling. Established ovariectomy was associated with significant increases in the number of resorption cavities per unit bone surface (2.38 ± 0.24 mm−2 sham surgery versus 3.86 ± 0.35 mm−2 bilateral ovariectomy [OVX], mean ± SD, p &lt; 0.05) and total volume occupied by cavities per unit bone volume (0.38% ± 0.06% sham versus 1.12% ± 0.18% OVX, p &lt; 0.001), but there was no difference in surface area per resorption cavity, maximum cavity depth, or cavity volume. In addition, we found that established ovariectomy is associated with increased size of bone formation events because of the merging of formation events (23,700 ± 6,890 µm2 sham verusus 33,300 ± 7,950 µm2 OVX). No differences in mineral apposition rate (determined in 3D) were associated with established ovariectomy. That established estrogen depletion is associated with increased number of remodeling events with only subtle changes in remodeling event size suggests that circulating estrogens may have their primary effect on the origination of new basic multicellular units with relatively little effect on the progression and termination of active remodeling events. © 2012 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research
Synthesis and Characterization of Novel Biodegradable and Electroactive Hydrogel Based on Aniline Oligomer and Gelatin
Authors: Liu Yadong , Hu Jun , Zhuang Xiuli , Zhang Peibiao , Wei Yen , Wang Xianhong , Chen Xuesi 
Published: October 2011

AbstractA biodegradable electroactive hydrogel (AP‐g‐GA), aniline pentamer (AP) grafting gelatin (GA), is synthesized by a coupling reaction between the carboxyl group of AP and the amino side group of GA in aqueous solution. The electroactivity of the physical hydrogel is confirmed by UV–vis and CV. The hydrophobic AP changes the hydrogel's porous structure of the natural GA and the gel‐time, which is confirmed by the rheological behavior of the AP‐g‐GA and GA. With an increase in the content of AP, the hydrogel gradually forms a porous structure, from “honeycomb” to “bamboo raft”. The porous scaffolds can be crosslinked with 3.5% EDC in 90% ethanol. MTT assays show that the AP‐g‐GA exhibits reduced cytotoxicity compared to EM AP due to the introduction of the biocompatible GA moiety. The in vitro cell cultures suggest that the AP‐g‐GA#1 (with 1.9% AP) shows the best biocompatibility and cell adhesion ability.magnified image
Localised Actuation in Composites Containing Carbon Nanotubes and Liquid Crystalline Elastomers
Authors: Camargo Carlos J. , Campanella Humberto , Marshall Jean E. , Torras Núria , Zinoviev Kirill , Terentjev Eugene M. , Esteve Jaume 
Published: October 2011

AbstractA liquid crystalline elastomer–carbon nanotube (LCE‐CNT) composite displays a reversible shape change property in response to light. The development of some systems such as tactile devices requires localised actuation of this material. A method is reported that combines mechanical stretching and thermal crosslinking of an LCE‐CNT for creating sufficiently well‐aligned liquid crystal units to produce localised actuation. The method demonstrates that it is feasible to optically drive a LCE‐CNT film within a localised area, since only the walls of the stretched parts of the film contain aligned LC domains.
A New, Practical Formulation of the Multicomponent Copolymerization Equation
Authors: Saldívar‐Guerra Enrique , Zapata‐González Iván 
Published: October 2011

AbstractA general and rigorous new formulation of the multicomponent extension to the Mayo Lewis copolymerization equation is presented based in matrix notation. In contrast to the original Walling and Briggs formulation, which was based on determinants and difficult to apply in practice, this new formulation is explicit, easy to implement, and introduces a natural scaling to the problem. The approach is illustrated with calculation of instantaneous composition and compositional drift with conversion for 4 and 6 monomers.magnified image
Immunophenotypic and genomic characterization of papillary carcinomas of the breast
Authors: Duprez Raphaëlle , Wilkerson Paul M , Lacroix‐Triki Magali , Lambros Maryou B , MacKay Alan , Hern Roger A' , Gauthier Arnaud , Pawar Vidya , Colombo Pierre‐Emanuel , Daley Frances , Natrajan Rachael , Ward Eric , MacGrogan Gaëtan , Arbion Flavie , Michenet Patrick , Weigelt Britta , Vincent‐Salomon Anne , Reis‐Filho Jorge S 
Published: October 2011

AbstractPapillary carcinomas are a special histological type of breast cancer and have a relatively good outcome. We characterized the genomic and phenotypic characteristics of papillary carcinomas to determine whether they would constitute an entity distinct from grade‐ and oestrogen receptor (ER)‐matched invasive ductal carcinomas of no special type (IDC‐NSTs). The phenotype of 63 papillary carcinomas of the breast and grade‐ and ER‐matched IDC‐NSTs was determined by immunohistochemistry. DNA of sufficient quality was extracted from 49 microdissected papillary carcinomas and 49 microdissected grade‐ and ER‐matched IDC‐NSTs. These samples were subjected to high‐resolution microarray‐based comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH) and Sequenom MassARRAY sequencing analysis of 19 known oncogenes. Papillary carcinomas were predominantly of low histological grade, expressed immunohistochemical markers consistent with a luminal phenotype, and a lower rate of lymph node metastasis and p53 expression than grade‐ and ER‐matched IDC‐NSTs. Papillary carcinomas displayed less genomic aberrations than grade‐ and ER‐matched IDC‐NSTs; however, the patterns of gene copy number aberrations found in papillary carcinomas were similar to those of ER‐ and grade‐matched IDC‐NSTs, including 16q losses. Furthermore, PIK3CA mutations were found in 43% and 29% of papillary carcinomas and grade‐ and ER‐matched IDC‐NSTs, respectively. The genomic profiles of encapsulated, solid and invasive papillary carcinomas, the three morphological subtypes, were remarkably similar. Our results demonstrate that papillary carcinomas are a homogeneous special histological type of breast cancer. The similarities in the genomic profiles of papillary carcinomas and grade‐ and ER‐matched IDC‐NSTs suggest that papillary carcinomas may be best positioned as part of the spectrum of ER‐positive breast cancers, rather than as a distinct entity. Furthermore, the good prognosis of papillary carcinomas may stem from the low rates of lymph node metastasis and p53 expression, low number of gene copy number aberrations and high prevalence of PIK3CA mutations. Copyright © 2012 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Bronchiectasis in chronic pulmonary aspiration: Risk factors and clinical implications
Authors: Piccione Joseph C. , McPhail Gary L. , Fenchel Matthew C. , Brody Alan S. , Boesch Richard P. 
Published: October 2011

AbstractIntroductionBronchiectasis is a well‐known sequela of chronic pulmonary aspiration (CPA) that can result in significant respiratory morbidity and death. However, its true prevalence is unknown because diagnosis requires high resolution computed tomography which is not routinely utilized in this population. This study describes the prevalence, time course for development, and risk factors for bronchiectasis in children with CPA.Materials and MethodsUsing a cross‐sectional design, medical records were reviewed for all patients with swallow study or airway endoscopy‐confirmed aspiration in our airway center over a 21 month period. All patients underwent rigid and flexible bronchoscopy, and high resolution chest computed tomography. Prevalence, distribution, and risk factors for bronchiectasis were identified.ResultsOne hundred subjects age 6 months to 19 years were identified. Overall, 66% had bronchiectasis, including 51% of those less than 2 years old. The youngest was 8 months old. Severe neurological impairment (OR 9.45, P < 0.004) and history of gastroesophageal reflux (OR 3.36, P = 0.036) were identified as risk factors. Clinical history, exam, and other co‐morbidities did not predict bronchiectasis. Sixteen subjects with bronchiectasis had repeat chest computed tomography with 44% demonstrating improvement or resolution.DiscussionBronchiectasis is highly prevalent in children with CPA and its presence in young children demonstrates that it can develop rapidly. Early identification of bronchiectasis, along with interventions aimed at preventing further airway damage, may minimize morbidity and mortality in patients with CPA. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2012; 47:447–452. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.