bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification of structural determinants for inhibition strength and specificity of wheat xylanase inhibitors TAXI‐IA and TAXI‐IIA
Authors: Pollet Annick , Sansen Stefaan , Raedschelders Gert , Gebruers Kurt , Rabijns Anja , Delcour Jan A. , Courtin Christophe M. 
Published: June 2009

Triticum aestivum xylanase inhibitor (TAXI)‐type inhibitors are active against microbial xylanases from glycoside hydrolase family 11, but the inhibition strength and the specificity towards different xylanases differ between TAXI isoforms. Mutational and biochemical analyses of TAXI‐I, TAXI‐IIA and Bacillus subtilis xylanase A showed that inhibition strength and specificity depend on the identity of only a few key residues of inhibitor and xylanase [Fierens K et al. (2005) FEBS J272, 5872–5882; Raedschelders G et al. (2005) Biochem Biophys Res Commun335, 512–522; Sørensen JF & Sibbesen O (2006) Protein Eng Des Sel19, 205–210; Bourgois TM et al. (2007) J Biotechnol130, 95–105]. Crystallographic analysis of the structures of TAXI‐IA and TAXI‐IIA in complex with glycoside hydrolase family 11 B. subtilis xylanase A now provides a substantial explanation for these observations and a detailed insight into the structural determinants for inhibition strength and specificity. Structures of the xylanase–inhibitor complexes show that inhibition is established by loop interactions with active‐site residues and substrate‐mimicking contacts in the binding subsites. The interaction of residues Leu292 of TAXI‐IA and Pro294 of TAXI‐IIA with the −2 glycon subsite of the xylanase is shown to be critical for both inhibition strength and specificity. Also, detailed analysis of the interaction interfaces of the complexes illustrates that the inhibition strength of TAXI is related to the presence of an aspartate or asparagine residue adjacent to the acid/base catalyst of the xylanase, and therefore to the pH optimum of the xylanase. The lower the pH optimum of the xylanase, the stronger will be the interaction between enzyme and inhibitor, and the stronger the resulting inhibition. Structured digital abstract

MINT‐7101869: BSX (uniprotkb:P18429) and TAXI‐IA (uniprotkb:Q8H0K8) bind (MI:0407) by x‐ray crystallography (MI:0114)
MINT‐7101880: BSX (uniprotkb:P18429) and TAXI‐IIA (uniprotkb:Q53IQ4) bind (MI:0407) by x‐ray crystallography (MI:0114)
Social Issues Among Children With High or Intermediate Imperforate Anus: A Proxy Perspective
Authors: Nisell Margret , Igl Wilmar , Öjmyr‐Joelsson Maria , Frenckner Björn , Rydelius Per‐Anders , Christensson Kyllike 
Published: June 2009

PROBLEM:  Children with imperforate anus (IA) may be psychosocially affected.METHODS:  Parents of children with IA and parents in two comparison groups rated their children using a study‐specific questionnaire and the Competence Scales in the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL). Teachers rated Academic and Adaptive Functioning Scales in the Teacher's Report Form (TRF).FINDINGS:  School items were rated favorably by the fathers of children with IA, and mothers reported less expression of their children's will. Children with IA were socially competent according to CBCL, although they received lower ratings on the TRF.CONCLUSIONS:  Psychosocial issues seem to be challenging for children with IA, and this needs attention in care management.
Biopsychosocial Approach to Treating Self‐Injurious Behaviors: An Adolescent Case Study
Authors: Askew Mary , Byrne Mary W. 
Published: June 2009

TOPIC:  Self‐injurious behaviors (SIBs) are a common coping mechanism in the adolescent population. A marked increase in SIB has been seen in recent years, yet effective treatment remains elusive.PURPOSE:  This study aims to review current theoretical perspectives and treatment options that reflect a biopsychosocial framework.SOURCES:  Selected multidisciplinary literature related to SIB.CONCLUSIONS:  A 6‐month multidisciplinary approach targeting the unique physical, emotional, and social needs of a 14‐year‐old girl in residential treatment led to the complete cessation of SIB.
Relationship between Autonomic Nervous System Activity and Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms: An Analysis of Heart Rate Variability in Men with Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms
Authors: KIM Il Han , CHOI Jong Bo , KIM Se Joong , KIM Young Soo , KIM Joon Chul , LEE Jeong Gu 
Published: June 2009

Objectives: Lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) are common, but their etiology and mechanism remain unclear. We believe that changes in autonomic nervous system (ANS) activity may be contributory because the lower urinary tract is regulated through the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems. Heart rate variability (HRV) is a tool by which autonomic nervous function can be measured; therefore, we measured and compared parameters of heart rate variability between men with LUTS and asymptomatic subjects.Methods: We studied 35 men with LUTS (mean age 50.5 ± 14.9 years) and 110 asymptomatic male volunteers who had requested a health check up (mean age 49.5 ± 5.19 years) from July 2006 to June 2008. HRV is known to be a useful tool for evaluating ANS activity, and we measured and compared HRV in the resting state.Results: The standard deviation of the N‐N interval (SDNN) and total power (TP) for patients with LUTS revealed no significant differences from those in the control group. On frequency domain analysis, there was evidence of decreased high frequency (HF) in patients with LUTS (P < 0.05), but there were no significant differences in other parameters, such as heart rate, square root of the mean squared differences of successive N‐N intervals (RMSSD), very low frequency (VLF), low frequency (LF), or LF/HF ratio.Conclusion: Patients with LUTS exhibited different HRV parameters compared with asymptomatic controls. Their decreased HF indicated that they may have had an imbalance in the autonomic nervous system.
Efficacy of Propiverine in Improving Symptoms and Quality of Life in Female Patients with Wet Overactive Bladder
Authors: KOMATSU Tomonori , GOTOH Momokazu , FUNAHASHI Yasuhito , MATSUKAWA Yoshihisa , SASSA Naoto , KATO Kumiko , KATO Masashi , HATTORI Ryohei 
Published: June 2009

Objectives: The present prospective study was conducted to assess the effects of propiverine hydrochloride in improving symptoms and quality of life (QoL) in female patients with wet OAB.Methods: Propiverine was administered orally for 8 weeks to 58 female patients who had urgency incontinence. Prior to administration, and at 4 and 8 weeks after administration, symptoms and QoL of the patients were assessed using a micturition diary, the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire‐Short Form (ICIQ‐SF), and the King's Health Questionnaire (KHQ). In addition, the relationships between changes in frequency of urinary incontinence or amount of urine leakage following treatment and changes in each domain of the KHQ were investigated by multiple regression analysis.Results: After administration of propiverine, the mean numbers of daily micturitions, incontinence episodes, and urgency episodes assessed on the basis of the micturition diary significantly improved in comparison to the baseline: from 11.7 to 9.6 for daily micturitions, from 2.8 to 1.1 for incontinence episodes, and from 5.9 to 2.3 for urgency episodes in 8 weeks. The mean of the ICIQ‐SF total scores significantly decreased, from 8.4 to 4.6 points at 4 weeks and to 3.6 points at 8 weeks. The mean scores for three individual items in the ICIQ‐SF, namely, frequency of incontinence episodes, amount of leakage, and impact on everyday life also significantly improved. The KHQ scores significantly improved at both 4 and 8 weeks post‐administration in all domains except personal relationships. In the multiple regression analysis, improvement in frequency of incontinence was significantly related to the domain of severity measure of the KHQ, while improvement in amount of leakage was significantly related to the domains of general health perception and social limitations.Conclusion: Propiverine hydrochloride contributed to improvements not only in symptoms but also in QoL in female patients with wet OAB.
N-ARY OPERATIONS WITH LONG PRE-PERIODS
Authors: Denecke K. , Ratanaprasert Ch. 
Published: June 2009

Iterating a unary operation f defined on the finite set A with |A| = k one obtains the descending chain [Formula: see text] The least integer λ(f) with Imfλ(f) = Imfλ(f)+1 is called the pre-period of f. The pre-period of f is an integer between 0 and k - 1. If λ(f) = k - 1 and k ≥ 1, then f is called a long-tailed (LT)-operation and if λ(f) = k - 2 for k ≥ 2, f is said to be an (LT1)-operation. Unary (LT)- and (LT1)-operations and their invariant equivalence relations are characterized in [5]. In [6] these results are extended to partial operations. In this paper we consider the iteration of n-ary operations for n > 1, define and characterize (LT)- and (LT1)- operations and their invariant equivalence relations. The results can be applied in all fields where iteration and recursion plays a role.
Fluid regime in continental subduction zones: petrological insights from ultrahigh-pressure metamorphic rocks
Authors: Zheng Yong-Fei 
Published: June 2009

Abstract:
Intensive studies of ultrahigh-pressure (UHP) metamorphic rocks in continental collision zones have provided petrological insights into the fluid regime during subduction and exhumation. Recent studies in the Dabie–Sulu orogen of China have made important contributions to understanding fluid action in such systems, hence these rocks are the main focus of this review. Sources of metamorphic fluid can be deduced from study of hydrous minerals, structural hydroxyl and molecular water in nominally anhydrous minerals. Fluid and solid inclusions of UHP metamorphic minerals are also a record of fluid action in deep subduction zones. The presence or absence of metamorphic fluid during subduction and exhumation dictates zircon growth and recrystallization, making available materials for U–Pb dating. Isotopic dating demonstrates that after peak UHP metamorphism, retrograde fluid with deuteric origin became active. The decomposition of hydrous minerals and the exsolution of molecular water and structural hydroxyl during exhumation can provide sufficient amounts of aqueous fluid for quartz veining and amphibolite-facies retrogression within UHP slabs. Aqueous fluid released by the exsolution of molecular water and structural hydroxyl from UHP nominally anhydrous minerals is characterized by low salinity and light hydrogen and oxygen isotope compositions. Therefore, one part of the UHP slab is a source of aqueous fluid, whereas another part is a sink. In both cases, the fluid action during subduction and exhumation is episodic rather than continuous.

Supplementary material:

A description of the Dabie–Sulu UHP metamorphic rocks, analytical methods, LA-ICPMS zircon U–Pb isotope data and rare earth element compositions are available at
http://www.geolsoc.org.uk/SUP18355
.
Inclusion study in zircon from ultrahigh-pressure metamorphic rocks in the Kokchetav massif: an excellent tracer of metamorphic history
Authors: Katayama Ikuo , Maruyama Shigenori 
Published: June 2009

Abstract:

Zircon is an excellent material to preserve the complex history of ultrahigh-pressure (UHP) metamorphic rocks, whereas mineralogical evidence of UHP conditions is mostly obliterated in matrix assemblages as a result of extensive retrograde overprinting during exhumation. Zircons from the Kokchetav UHP–HP massif contain numerous inclusions of graphite, quartz, garnet, omphacite, jadeite, phengite, phlogopite, rutile, albite, K-feldspar, amphibole, zoisite, kyanite, calcite, dolomite, apatite and monazite, as well as the diagnostic UHP minerals, such as microdiamond and coesite, which were identified by laser Raman spectroscopy. The internal structure of zircon displays a distinct zonation, which comprises an inherited core, a wide mantle and an outer rim, each with distinctive inclusion micro-assemblages. The low-pressure mineral inclusions, such as graphite, quartz and albite, are common in the inherited core and thin outer rim, whereas diamond, coesite and jadeite occupy the mantle domain. The zircon core and outer rim are of detrital and relatively low-grade metamorphic origin, whereas the mantle domain is of HP to UHP metamorphic origin. The mineral assemblages and chemistry of inclusions preserved in zircon have been used to constrain the metamorphic
P
–
T
path of the Kokchetav UHP–HP rocks, and indicate peak metamorphism at 60–80 kbar and 970–1100 °C followed by nearly isothermal decompression at 10 kbar and
c
. 800 °C. Sensitive high-resolution ion microprobe U–Pb spot analyses of the zoned zircon indicate four discrete ages of the Kokchetav metamorphic evolution: (1) a Middle Proterozoic protolith age; (2) 537 ± 9 Ma for UHP metamorphism; (3) 507 ± 8 Ma for the late-stage amphibolite-facies overprint; (4) 456–461 Ma for post-orogenic thermal events. This indicates that Middle Proterozoic supracrustal protoliths of the Kokchetav UHP–HP rocks were subducted to mantle depths in the Middle Cambrian, and exhumed to mid-crustal levels in the Late Cambrian. The zonal arrangement of inclusions and the presence of coesite and diamond without back reaction imply that aqueous fluids were low to absent within zircon, and that zircon is capable of retaining minerals of each metamorphic stage. We suggest that the study of inclusions in zircon is a powerful method to clarify the multiple stages and timing of metamorphic evolution of UHP–HP rocks, the evidence for which has been more or less obliterated in the host rock.
Recent progress in Scandian ultrahigh-pressure metamorphism in the northernmost domain of the Western Gneiss Complex, SW Norway: continental subduction down to 180–200 km depth
Authors: Roermund Herman van 
Published: June 2009

Abstract:

Earlier workers established 20 kbar and 750–800 °C as being the maximum Scandian metamorphic grade for the Caledonized basement units in the northernmost ultrahigh-pressure metamorphic (UHPM) domain of the Western Gneiss Region, SW Norway. These early pressure estimates were entirely based on jadeite isopleths applied to bimineralic eclogites; low Al values in orthopyroxene from opx-eclogites were interpreted to be due to ’disequilibrium effects'. After the initial discovery of microdiamond and majoritic garnet in the area, the low Al
2
O
3
isopleths in opx (cores), ranging from 0.15 to 1.50 wt% in newly discovered and already known occurrences of ’internal' and ’external' opx eclogites–websterites, were reinvestigated and taken as the first indicator that metamorphic grade, on a regional scale, occurred at much higher pressures than previously thought. Regional-scale diamond-grade UHPM conditions were subsequently demonstrated by
in situ
microdiamond discoveries in two widely separated orthopyroxene eclogite–websterite localities included in Mg–Cr (mantle-derived) and Fe–Ti type (crust-derived) peridotite–websterite bodies, leading to a simple strategy for
in situ
microdiamond recognition, described here for the first time. All
in situ
microdiamonds are associated with multiphase solid-inclusion assemblages interpreted to be crystallized from Scandian supercritical, dense, COH-rich subduction zone fluids. In addition, the recent discovery at Fjørtoft of a second, Scandian, majoritic garnet generation (in garnet websterites enclosed in garnet peridotite), having enriched light REE (LREE) patterns (in clinopyroxene and garnet), contrasts strongly to the Archaean–mid-Proterozoic LREE-depleted majoritic garnet patterns (and exsolved pyroxenes) discovered in garnet peridotites from Otrøy. The latter is strong evidence that Scandian continental subduction (and eduction) occurred down to 180–200 km depths, making the northernmost UHPM domain by far the deepest subducted (and educted) part of the Western Gneiss Complex. Such a conclusion is also consistent with (some) geothermobarometric results from internal and external orthopyroxene eclogites and garnet websterites showing results indicative of pressure–temperature estimates deep in the diamond-eclogite facies (850–950 °C and 5.5–6.5 GPa ).

Supplementary material:

EMP mineral analyses of Mageroy and Raknestangen external opx eclogites, and diagrams showing EMP Grt, Opx and Cpx analyses of Mageroy and Raknestangen opx eclogite bodies are available at
http://www.geolsoc.org/SUP18356
.
Subduction of continental crust, the origin of post-orogenic granitoids (and anorthosites?) and the evolution of Fennoscandia
Authors: Brueckner Hannes K. 
Published: June 2009

Abstract:

Slices of silica-rich continental crust subducted into the mantle during collision may undergo metamorphism and exhumation towards the surface as coherent high-pressure or ultrahigh-pressure (HP or UHP) terranes or, if stalled in the mantle, melting and return towards the surface as magmas, or a combination of these two processes. Some exposed HP or UHP terranes contain anatectic granitoids demonstrating that melting does occur during exhumation. Therefore crust trapped in the mantle should also melt when radioactive heating and/or conductive heating raise temperatures to the appropriate solidus. Terranes with hydrous phases will melt readily through hydrate-breakdown reactions. Terranes lacking hydrous phases may require adiabatic decompression to melt, possibly as heated quartz-rich crust becomes ductile and rises diapirically. The magmas generated will intrude the overlying plate to form late-, post- and possibly anorogenic granitoids, depending on the time required to reach solidus temperatures. Geochemical characteristics will depend on
P
–
T
conditions, the chemistry and mineralogy of the subducted terrane (especially the presence of hydrous phases), and the amount of melt interaction with the mantle. The removal of sialic upper crust may strand the denser mafic lower crust, which subsequently could melt to generate anorogenic anorthosites, Fe–K granitoids and related rocks. The evolution of the Fennoscandian Shield documents a change from slab melting in the Mesoproterozoic to combined melting and exhumation in the Neoproterozoic to intact exhumation without significant melting in the Palaeozoic.
Widespread bedding-parallel veins of fibrous calcite (’beef') in a mature source rock (Vaca Muerta Fm, Neuquén Basin, Argentina): evidence for overpressure and horizontal compression
Authors: Rodrigues Nuno , Cobbold Peter R. , Loseth Helge , Ruffet Gilles 
Published: June 2009

Abstract:
In the Neuquén Basin of Argentina, ’beef' (bedding-parallel veins of fibrous calcite) is widespread within Late Jurassic black mudstones. A typical vein consists of two grey inner zones and two white outer zones. The inner zones contain inclusions of wall rock and hydrocarbons. Calcite fibres are perpendicular to the margins. In the outer zones, the angle between fibre and margin varies from about 45° at the vein tips to 90° in the centre. Imprints of fossils are offset, proving that the fibres have grown antitaxially. We infer that the veins opened in two phases. During Phase 1, the opening was vertical, against gravity. During Phase 2, the veins resisted tectonic shortening, so that shear stresses acted at the margins. The senses of shear account for the fibre angles. At outcrop, igneous intrusive rocks have cut and metamorphosed the veins. From burial curves, maturity calculations, growth strata, and ages of igneous intrusions, we estimate that the inner zones of the beef formed in the oil window, during the Aptian to Albian, and that the outer zones formed in the gas window, during the Cenomanian to Campanian. We infer that the beef is evidence for fluid overpressure during hydrocarbon generation.
Palaeocene–Recent plate boundaries in the NE Atlantic and the formation of the Jan Mayen microcontinent
Authors: Gaina C. , Gernigon L. , Ball P. 
Published: June 2009

Abstract:Breakup and sea-floor spreading between Greenland and Eurasia established a series of new plate boundaries in the North Atlantic region since the Late Palaeocene. A conventional kinematic model from pre-breakup to the present day assumes that Eurasia and Greenland moved apart as a two-plate system. However, new regional geophysical datasets and quantitative kinematic parameters indicate that this system underwent several adjustments since its inception and suggest that additional short-lived plate boundaries existed in the NE Atlantic. Among the consequences of numerous plate boundary relocations is the formation of a highly extended or even fragmented Jan Mayen microcontinent and subsequent deformation of its margins and surrounding regions. The major Oligocene plate boundary reorganization (and microcontinent formation) might have been precluded by various ridge propagations and/or short-lived triple junctions NE and possibly SW of the Jan Mayen microcontinent from the inception of sea-floor spreading (54 Ma) to C18 (40 Ma). Our model implies a series of failed ridges offshore the Faeroe Islands, a northern propagation of the Aegir Ridge NE of the Jan Mayen microcontinent, and a series of triple junctions and/or propagators in the southern Greenland Basin.
Fluid transfers in a carbonate-gaseous aquifer through the local tectonic and geodynamic history
Authors: Durand Véronique , Léonardi Véronique , Deffontaines Benoît , Macquar Jean-Claude 
Published: June 2009

Abstract:
A multidisciplinary approach was developed to analyse the impact of the various tectonic joints on water and gas transfers in the carbonate aquifer of Quézac (southern Massif Central, France). Microtectonic measurements confirmed the local tectonic history and the structural map was completed by a morphostructural approach, using detailed photointerpretation of both aerial photographs and a digital elevation model. The past fluid transfers were discussed on the basis of field observations and the possible geodynamic context. The present fluid transfers observed in the field were related to four main groups of tectonic joints, based on a tectonic and morphostructural approach. The history of tectonic constraints, geodynamic context and fluid transfers was then reconstructed. It highlighted the major role of the north–south tectonic joints for water flows, followed by east–west joints, because of their longest karstification history. Joints with NW–SE and NE–SW orientations, which were more recently karstified, appeared to have less influence on water transfers. The weak gas production at the surface of north–south faults was explained by its dispersion owing to their intense karstification. On the basis of the innovative multidisciplinary approach, we propose a model for the water and gas preferential flow paths, taking the local tectonic and geodynamic context into account.