bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Kinetic study on the linalool ozonolysis reaction in the atmosphere
Authors: Sun Xiaomin , Zhang Chenxi , Zhao Yuyang , Bai Jing , He Maoxia 
Published: March 2012

In the atmosphere, linalool ozonolysis will generate a series of oxidation products and then form particles through nucleation. In this study, the linalool ozonolysis mechanisms were studied and some of the main products detected from experiment are verified. The Rice–Ramsperger–Kassel–Marcus (RRKM) theory and the canonical variational transition state theory (CVT) with small curvature tunneling effect (SCT) are used to calculate rate constants over the temperature range of 200∼800 K. The total rate constant for the reaction of ozone with linalool is 4.50 × 10−16 cm3 molecule–l s–l, and the addition of ozone to (CH3)2C=CH– is the main ozone addition position. Furthermore, the Arrhenius formulas are fitted and the lifetimes of reaction species in the troposphere are discussed for the first time. The total atmospheric lifetime of linalool relative to O3 is 2.30 h. The O3-initiated atmospheric lifetimes of P1, P3, and P6 are 2.64 months, 16.67 days, and 15.5 h, respectively.
Complete basis set, hybrid-density functional theory study, and natural bond orbital interpretations of the conformational behavior of halocarbonyl, thiocarbonyl, and selenocarbonyl isocyanates
Authors: Mousavi Seiedeh Negar , Nori-Shargh Davood , Yahyaei Hooriye , Frahani Kobra Mazrae 
Published: March 2012

Complete basis set CBS-QB3, hybrid-density functional theory (B3LYP/Def2-TZVPP) based methods and NBO interpretation were used to investigate the impacts of the stereoelectronic effects and electrostatic and steric interactions on the conformational properties of halocarbonyl isocyanates (halo = F (1), Cl (2), and Br (3)), halothiocarbonyl isocyanates (halo = F (4), Cl (5), and Br (6)), and haloselenocarbonyl isocyanates(halo = F (7), Cl (8), and Br (9)). Both methods showed that the Z-conformations of compounds 1, 4, and 7 are more stable than their corresponding E conformations, but the stability of the E conformations, when compared with the corresponding Z conformations, increases from compound 1 to compound 3, compound 4 to compound 6, and also from compound 7 to compound 9. The NBO analysis showed that the generalized anomeric effect (GAE) is in favor of the Z conformations of compounds 1, 4, and 7. The GAE values calculated (i.e., GAEE–GAEZ) increase from compound 1 to compound 3, compound 4 to compound 6, and also from compound 7 to compound 9. On the other hand, there are none of the same trends between the calculated total dipole moment and the Gibbs free energy difference values between the E and Z conformations (i.e., ΔμE–Z and ΔGE–Z) of compounds 1–3, 4–6, and 7–9. Accordingly, the GAE succeeds in accounting for the increase of the E conformation stability from compound 1 to compound 3, compound 4 to compound 6, and also from compound 7 to compound 9. Therefore, the GAE associated with the electron delocalization, not the total dipole moment changes (i.e., ΔμE–Z), is a reasonable indicator of the total energy difference in compounds 1–3, 4–6, and 7–9. There is a direct correlation between the calculated GAE and Δ[r2–6(E) – r2–6(Z)] parameters. Importantly, there are interesting through-space electron delocalizations (LP2X6→π*C4–O5) that justify the increase of the E conformation stability from compound 1 to compound 3, compound 4 to compound 6, and also from compound 7 to compound 9, when compared with their corresponding Z conformations. The correlations between the GAE, bond orders, total steric exchange energies (TSEE), ΔGZ–E, ΔμE–Z, structural parameters, and conformational behaviors of compounds 1–9 were investigated.
In vitro conservation of American elm (Ulmus americana): potential role of auxin metabolism in sustained plant proliferation
Authors: Shukla Mukund R. , Jones A. Maxwell P. , Sullivan J. Alan , Liu Chunzhao , Gosling Susan , Saxena Praveen K. 
Published: March 2012

An efficient procedure for the conservation of mature American elm ( Ulmus americana L.) trees that have survived the epidemics of Dutch elm disease and are potential sources of disease resistance is reported. The model utilizes in vitro proliferation of fresh and dormant buds from mature trees for cloning nearly 100 year old American elm trees. The key factors that influenced sustained growth and multiplication included optimization of culture process and auxin metabolism in the source tissue. Blocking the action of endogenous auxins through the addition of antiauxin in the proliferation medium was crucial for high multiplication rate and optimum shoot development. Addition of antiauxin also mitigated the decline in productivity observed with multiple subcultures, which will enable long-term conservation of selected germplasm. The most effective medium for long-term proliferation contained 5.0 µmol/L p-chlorophenoxyisobutyric acid with 2.2 µmol/L benzylaminopurine and 0.29 µmol/L gibberellic acid. Medium with 2.5 µmol/L indole-3-butyric acid was the best for rooting microshoots (89%). Rooted plantlets were readily acclimatized to the greenhouse environment with a 90% survival rate. The strategy developed for American elm will aid in increasing multiplication of resistant clones, facilitate long-term conservation of elite genotypes, and also provide an approach to improve conservation of other endangered tree species.
Impacts of pine species, stump removal, cultivation, and fertilization on soil properties half a century after planting
Authors: Butnor J.R. , Johnsen K.H. , Sanchez F.G. , Nelson C.D. 
Published: March 2012

To better understand the long-term effects of species selection and forest management practices on soil quality and soil C retention, we analyzed soil samples from an experimental planting of loblolly ( Pinus taeda L.), longleaf ( Pinus palustris Mill.), and slash ( Pinus elliottii Engelm.) pines under different management intensities in Mississippi. The treatments included stump removal and cultivation (CULT), a one-time application of fertilizer combined with stump removal and cultivation (CULT+F), and a control (CON). After 49 years, pine species had no significant effect on any soil physical or chemical parameter examined, despite species differences in basal area. CULT exhibited significantly higher soil bulk density and lower soil C and soil N than CON and CULT+F in the upper 10 cm of soil. Stump removal is not a common practice in southern pine silviculture today; however, as demand for bioenergy fuels or feedstocks increases, more complete biomass utilization will be considered. Residual stumps play an important role in soil nutrient and C retention in pine plantations. Our results show that stump removal can lead to reduced soil C (–21%) and soil N (–35%) compared with controls, although it is possible to mitigate nutrient losses on poor sites with fertilization.
Responses of northern red oak seedlings to lime and deer exclosure fencing in Pennsylvania
Authors: Long Robert P. , Brose Patrick H. , Horsley Stephen B. 
Published: March 2012

In Pennsylvania, two hypotheses compete to explain the chronic oak ( Quercus spp.) regeneration problem: excessive deer browsing and soil cation depletion. We tested these hypotheses by evaluating the effect of forest liming and deer exclosure fencing on northern red oak ( Quercus rubra L.) seedling growth and nutrition in five oak shelterwood stands in Pennsylvania over 6 years. In each stand, four planting plots were located inside a 2.4 m high woven wire fence and another four were established outside the fence. About 225 northern red oak acorns were planted in each plot in spring 2004. Dolomitic limestone was applied to randomly selected plots at rates of 0, 4.5, 9.0, and 13.5 Mg·ha–1during May 2004. There were no statistically significant (P ≤ 0.05) growth responses to lime applications. The only significant growth responses resulted from the fence versus no-fence treatment. A significant (P < 0.003) fence × year interaction for seedling height and root collar diameter indicates differential impacts of deer browsing. By 2009, seedlings inside fences averaged 32 cm tall, while seedlings outside the fences averaged 17 cm. Similarly, root collar diameter averaged 6.6 mm outside the fences and 9.1 mm inside fences.
Vertical patterns in specific volume increment along stems of dominant jack pine (Pinus banksiana) and black spruce (Picea mariana) after thinning
Authors: Goudiaby Venceslas , Brais Suzanne , Berninger Frank , Schneider Robert 
Published: March 2012

Jack pine ( Pinus banksiana Lamb.) and black spruce ( Picea mariana (Mill.) B.S.P.) total stem volume increment and vertical growth distribution after thinning were quantified and related to foliage biomass, foliage density, and growth efficiency (GE) (stem to foliage biomass ratio). Significant positive stem volume increments were observed following thinning for jack pine (3 years after) and black spruce (4 years after). Both species reacted differently in terms of the distribution in specific volume increments (SVI) (annual stem volume increment to cambial surface ratio): (i) for jack pine, an increase in SVI was first observed at the base of the tree, with the increase moving upwards, showing that the taper was likely to increase following thinning and (ii) for black spruce, the vertical distribution of SVI was constant, leading to no modifications in stem taper. For jack pine, total stem volume growth was related to an increase in GE and a greater foliage biomass at midcrown, with foliage density staying constant. For black spruce, however, no changes in GE, foliage biomass, and foliage mass density were observed.
Urinary 8-Oxoguanine as a Predictor of Survival in Patients Undergoing Radiotherapy
Authors: Roszkowski Krzysztof , Olinski Ryszard 
Published: March 2012

Abstract
Background: Because of the importance to identify prognostic indicator for radiotherapy, herein we decided to check whether the parameters which describe oxidative stress/DNA damage may be used as a marker of the therapy. The aim of this work was to investigate whether fractionated radiotherapy of patients with cancer (n = 99) is responsible for oxidative DNA damage on the level of the whole organism and whether the biomarkers of the damage such as 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2′-deoxyguanosine (8-oxo-dG) and its modified base 8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanine (8-oxo-Gua) in urine and DNA may be used as a predictor of radiotherapy success.
Methods: All the aforementioned modifications were analyzed using techniques which involve high-performance liquid chromatography/electrochemical detection (HPLC/EC) or HPLC/gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS).
Results: Of all analyzed parameters only patients with significantly elevated urinary excretion of the 8-oxo-Gua with concomitant unchanged level of 8-oxo-dG in leukocytes DNA in the samples collected 24 hours after the first fraction in comparison to the initial level have significantly increased survival time (60 months after the treatment, survival of 50% of the patients who fulfill the above mentioned criteria, in comparison with 10% of the patients who did not).
Conclusions: Results of our work suggest that patients with higher urinary 8-oxo-Gua and concomitant stable level of 8-oxo-dG in leukocytes DNA, after 24 hours of the first dose should be regarded as better responder to radiotherapy as being at lower risk of mortality.
Impact: The above mentioned statement could make it possible to use these parameters as markers to predict the clinical success. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 21(4); 629–34. ©2012 AACR.
Kinetics of DNA Adduct Formation in the Oral Cavity after Drinking Alcohol
Authors: Balbo Silvia , Meng Lei , Bliss Robin L. , Jensen Joni A. , Hatsukami Dorothy K. , Hecht Stephen S. 
Published: March 2012

Abstract
Background: Alcohol consumption is one of the top 10 risks for the worldwide burden of disease and an established cause of head and neck cancer, as well as cancer at other sites. Acetaldehyde, the major metabolite of ethanol, reacts with DNA to produce adducts, which are critical in the carcinogenic process and can serve as biomarkers of exposure and, possibly, of disease risk. Acetaldehyde associated with alcohol consumption is considered “carcinogenic to humans.” We have previously developed the technology to quantify acetaldehyde–DNA adducts in human tissues, but there are no studies in the literature defining the formation and removal of acetaldehyde–DNA adducts in people who consumed alcohol.
Methods: We investigated levels of N2-ethylidene-dGuo, the major DNA adduct of acetaldehyde, in DNA from human oral cells at several time points after consumption of increasing alcohol doses. Ten healthy nonsmokers were dosed once a week for three weeks. Mouthwash samples were collected before and at several time points after the dose. N2-Ethylidene-dGuo was measured as its NaBH3CN reduction product N2-ethyl-dGuo by liquid chromatography–electrospray–tandem mass spectrometry.
Results: N2-ethylidene-dGuo levels increased as much as 100-fold from baseline within 4 hours after each dose for all subjects and in a dose-responsive manner (P = 0.001).
Conclusion: These results show an effect of alcohol on oral cell DNA adduct formation, strongly supporting the key role of acetaldehyde in head and neck cancer caused by alcohol drinking.
Impact: Our results provide some of the first conclusive evidence linking exposure to a lifestyle carcinogen and kinetics of DNA adduct formation in humans. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 21(4); 601–8. ©2012 AACR.
Impact of Frequency-Domain Optical Coherence Tomography Guidance for Optimal Coronary Stent Implantation in Comparison With Intravascular Ultrasound Guidance
Authors: Habara Maoto , Nasu Kenya , Terashima Mitsuyasu , Kaneda Hideaki , Yokota Daisuke , Ko Euihong , Ito Tsuyoshi , Kurita Tairo , Tanaka Nobuyoshi , Kimura Masashi , Ito Tatsuya , Kinoshita Yoshihisa , Tsuchikane Etsuo , Asakura Keiko , Asakura Yasushi , Katoh Osamu , Suzuki Takahiko 
Published: March 2012

Background—
Frequency-domain optical coherence tomography (FD-OCT) is a novel, high resolution intravascular imaging modality. Intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) is a widely used conventional imaging modality for achieving optimal stent deployment. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of FD-OCT guidance for coronary stent implantation compared with IVUS guidance.

Methods and Results—

A total of 70 patients with de novo coronary artery lesions and either unstable or stable angina pectoris were enrolled in this randomized study (optical coherence tomography [OCT] group: n=35, IVUS group: n=35). In the OCT group, stent implantation was performed under FD-OCT guidance alone and final stent expansion was evaluated by IVUS. In the IVUS group, conventional IVUS guidance was used and final stent apposition was evaluated by FD-OCT. There were no significant differences regarding the procedural, fluoroscopy time, and contrast volume. Although device and clinical success rates also were similar, the visibility of vessel border was significantly lower in the OCT group (
P
<0.05). Minimum and mean stent area and focal and diffuse stent expansion were smaller (6.1±2.2 mm versus 7.1±2.1 mm, 7.5±2.5 versus 8.7±2.4 mm, 64.7±13.7% versus 80.3±13.4%, 84.2±15.8% versus 98.8±16.5%,
P
<0.05, respectively), and the frequency of significant residual reference segment stenosis at the proximal edge was higher in the OCT group (
P
<0.05). Incomplete apposed struts in both groups were similar (
P
=0.34).

Conclusions—
FD-OCT guidance for stent implantation was associated with smaller stent expansion and more frequent significant residual reference segment stenosis compared with conventional IVUS guidance.
Early Developmental Outcome in Children With Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome and Related Anomalies
Authors: Newburger Jane W. , Sleeper Lynn A. , Bellinger David C. , Goldberg Caren S. , Tabbutt Sarah , Lu Minmin , Mussatto Kathleen A. , Williams Ismee A. , Gustafson Kathryn E. , Mital Seema , Pike Nancy , Sood Erica , Mahle William T. , Cooper David S. , Dunbar-Masterson Carolyn , Krawczeski Catherine Dent , Lewis Alan , Menon Shaji C. , Pemberton Victoria L. , Ravishankar Chitra , Atz Teresa W. , Ohye Richard G. , Gaynor J. William 
Published: March 2012

Background—
Survivors of the Norwood procedure may experience neurodevelopmental impairment. Clinical trials to improve outcomes have focused primarily on methods of vital organ support during cardiopulmonary bypass.

Methods and Results—

In the Single Ventricle Reconstruction trial of the Norwood procedure with modified Blalock-Taussig shunt versus right-ventricle-to-pulmonary-artery shunt, 14-month neurodevelopmental outcome was assessed by use of the Psychomotor Development Index (PDI) and Mental Development Index (MDI) of the Bayley Scales of Infant Development-II. We used multivariable regression to identify risk factors for adverse outcome. Among 373 transplant-free survivors, 321 (86%) returned at age 14.3±1.1 (mean±SD) months. Mean PDI (74±19) and MDI (89±18) scores were lower than normative means (each
P
<0.001). Neither PDI nor MDI score was associated with type of Norwood shunt. Independent predictors of lower PDI score (
R
2
=26%) were clinical center (
P
=0.003), birth weight <2.5 kg (
P
=0.023), longer Norwood hospitalization (
P
<0.001), and more complications between Norwood procedure discharge and age 12 months (
P
<0.001). Independent risk factors for lower MDI score (
R
2
=34%) included center (
P
<0.001), birth weight <2.5 kg (
P
=0.04), genetic syndrome/anomalies (
P
=0.04), lower maternal education (
P
=0.04), longer mechanical ventilation after the Norwood procedure (
P
<0.001), and more complications after Norwood discharge to age 12 months (
P
<0.001). We found no significant relationship of PDI or MDI score to perfusion type, other aspects of vital organ support (eg, hematocrit, pH strategy), or cardiac anatomy.

Conclusions—
Neurodevelopmental impairment in Norwood survivors is more highly associated with innate patient factors and overall morbidity in the first year than with intraoperative management strategies. Improved outcomes are likely to require interventions that occur outside the operating room.

Clinical Trial Registration—

URL:
http://www.clinicaltrials.gov
. Unique identifier: NCT00115934.
Long-Term Outcomes of Mechanical Valve Replacement in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Kim Joon Bum , Moon Joon Suk , Yun Sung-Cheol , Kim Wan Kee , Jung Sung-Ho , Choo Suk Jung , Song Hyun , Chung Cheol Hyun , Lee Jae Won 
Published: March 2012

Background—
The long-term benefits of the maze procedure in patients with chronic atrial fibrillation undergoing mechanical valve replacement who already require lifelong anticoagulation remain unclear.

Methods and Results—

We evaluated adverse outcomes (death; thromboembolic events; composite of death, heart failure, or valve-related complications) in 569 patients with atrial fibrillation–associated valvular heart disease who underwent mechanical valve replacement with (n=317) or without (n=252) a concomitant maze procedure between 1999 and 2010. After adjustment for differences in baseline risk profiles, patients who had undergone the maze procedure were at similar risks of death (hazard ratio, 1.15; 95% confidence interval, 0.65–2.03;
P
=0.63) and the composite outcomes (hazard ratio, 0.82; 95% confidence interval, 0.50–1.34;
P
=0.42) but a significantly lower risk of thromboembolic events (hazard ratio, 0.29; 95% confidence interval, 0.12–0.73;
P
=0.008) compared with those who underwent valve replacement alone at a median follow-up of 63.6 months (range, 0.2–149.9 months). The effect of superior event-free survival by the concomitant maze procedure was notable in a low-risk EuroSCORE (0–3) subgroup (
P
=0.049), but it was insignificant in a high-risk EuroSCORE (≥4) subgroup (
P
=0.65). Furthermore, the combination of the maze procedure resulted in superior left ventricular (
P
<0.001) and tricuspid valvular functions (
P
<0.001) compared with valve replacement alone on echocardiographic assessments performed at a median of 52.7 months (range, 6.0–146.8 months) after surgery.

Conclusion—
Compared with valve replacement alone, the addition of the maze procedure was associated with a reduction in thromboembolic complications and improvements in hemodynamic performance in patients undergoing mechanical valve replacement, particularly in those with low risk of surgery.
Improving mental health awareness among rural Aboriginal men: perspectives from Gippsland
Authors: Isaacs Anton , Maybery Darryl 
Published: March 2012

Objective: To identify views of Aboriginal people in rural areas about improving mental health awareness among Aboriginal men. Method: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 17 Aboriginal people, including men, carers and health workers. Results: Participants highlighted the need for mental health awareness programs in the community. They described the type of programs to be conducted as well as their method, content and frequency. Conclusions: This study demonstrates that mental health awareness programs designed specifically for rural Aboriginal men need to involve local Elders and other significant individuals from the community, be de-stigmatised by including mental health under Men’s Health and by embedding the messages within a cultural framework.
An overview of the use of music therapy in the context of Alzheimer's disease: A report of a French expert group
Authors: Guetin Stéphane , Charras Kevin , Berard Alain , Arbus Christophe , Berthelon Patrick , Blanc Frédéric , Blayac Jean-Pierre , Bonte Florence , Bouceffa Jean-Paul , Clement Sylvain , Ducourneau Gérard , Gzil Fabrice , Laeng Nathalie , Lecourt Edith , Ledoux Sylvie , Platel Hervé , Thomas-Anterion Catherine , Touchon Jacques , Vrait François-Xavier , Leger Jean-Marie 
Published: March 2012

Objectives: The aim of this overview is to present the developments of music therapy in France, its techniques, mechanisms and principal indications, mainly in the context of Alzheimer's disease. Methods: An international review of the literature on music therapy applied to Alzheimer's disease was conducted using the principal scientific search engines. A work group of experts in music therapy and psychosocial techniques then considered the different points highlighted in the review of literature and discussed them. Results and Discussion: Clinical and neurophysiological studies have enlightened some positive benefits of music in providing support for people with Alzheimer's disease or related disorders. Music therapy acts mainly through emotional and psycho-physiological pathways. It includes a series of techniques that can respond to targeted therapeutic objectives. Some studies have shown that music therapy reduces anxiety, alleviates periods of depression and aggressive behaviour and thus significantly improves mood, communication and autonomy of patients. Conclusion: Psychosocial interventions, such as music therapy, can contribute to maintain or rehabilitate functional cognitive and sensory abilities, as well as emotional and social skills and to reduce the severity of some behavioural disorders.