bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of smoking on the serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D depends on the assay employed
Authors: Grimnes Guri , Almaas Bjørg , Eggen Anne Elise , Emaus Nina , Figenschau Yngve , Hopstock Laila Arnesdatter , Hutchinson Moira Strand , Methlie Paal , Mihailova Albena , Sneve Monica , Torjesen Peter , Wilsgaard Tom , Jorde Rolf 
Published: November 2010

The authors and the journal apologise for errors in the Introduction section of this paper published in the European Journal of Endocrinology 2010 vol 163 pp 339–348. Lines 11–14 of the Introduction section should read as follows:This reflects the amount of vitamin D ingested from food (ergocalciferol (vitamin D2) or cholecalciferol (vitamin D3)) and the amount of vitamin D produced in the skin during ultraviolet B (UVB) exposure (vitamin D3)and not as published.
Non‐response Bias in a Surveillance Program for Asbestos‐related Lung Cancer
Authors: Knoll Lars , Felten Michael K. , Ackermann Diana , Kraus Thomas 
Published: November 2010

Non‐response Bias in a Surveillance Program for Asbestos‐related Lung Cancer: Lars Knoll, et al. Institute of Occupational Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, Germany—ObjectivesIn a cohort study non‐response might lead to a biased selection of cohort members and may affect the validity and reliability of the study outcome. To detect the possible effects of a non‐response bias on study results, we evaluated the reasons for non‐participation and the differences of respondents and non‐respondents in a health surveillance program for power industry workers, formerly exposed to asbestos.MethodsA cohort of former power plant workers was formed to participate in an early detection program for lung cancer. We evaluated the results of 1,019 individuals (mean age 66 yr), of which 839 took part in at least one examination, 180 refused to participate or did not respond. To obtain the reasons for non‐response, we interviewed the cohort members by telephone or we requested them by mail to complete and return a brief questionnaire. Further sources of information were the communal registratio noffices and local health ofices.ResultsThe main reasons for non‐participation were refusal (35%), illness (23.3%), death (16.7%) and dificulties with traveling (13.3%). It was impossible to make contact with or obtain an explanation from 11.7%. In a logistic regression model we demonstrated that advanced age and a long travel distance from the study center negatively affected the participation rate (p<0.001). There was no difference between respondents and non‐respondents regarding prevalence (p=0.559) and incidence of lung cancer (p=0.882).ConclusionWe concluded that in our cohort non‐participation did not cause a selection bias in terms of lung cancer rates.
The Role of Obesity as a Modifying Factor in Patients Undergoing Non‐Surgical Periodontal Therapy
Authors: Zuza Elizangela P. , Barroso Eliane M. , Carrareto Ana Luiza V. , Pires Juliana R. , Carlos Iracilda Z. , Theodoro Letícia H. , Toledo Benedicto Egbert C. 
Published: November 2010

Background: Earlier studies have shown an association between obesity and periodontitis, which is mediated by cytokine production. The aim of this study is to assess the role of obesity as a modifying factor on periodontal clinical parameters and on circulating proinflammatory cytokine levels in subjects undergoing non‐surgical periodontal treatment.Methods: Twenty‐seven obese subjects and 25 normal‐weight subjects were enrolled in this study. Subjects in both groups had generalized chronic periodontitis. The periodontal parameters measured before and 3 months after non‐surgical periodontal therapy were: visible plaque index, bleeding gingival index, bleeding on probing, probing depth, and clinical attachment level. In addition, subjects underwent anthropometric measurements and serum analyses of fasting glucose, glycated hemoglobin, interleukin‐1β, interleukin‐6, tumor necrosis factor‐α, and interferon‐γ.Results: Periodontal therapy significantly decreased visible plaque index, bleeding gingival index, bleeding on probing, probing depth of 4 to 6 mm, probing depth ≥7 mm, clinical attachment level of 4 to 6 mm, and clinical attachment level ≥7 mm in both groups (P ≤0.05). Circulating proinflammatory cytokines significantly decreased in obese and normal‐weight subjects after periodontal treatment (P ≤0.05). However, interleukin‐6 and tumor necrosis factor‐α levels remained higher in obese subjects 3 months after treatment (P ≤0.05).Conclusion: Obesity does not seem to play a negative role by interfering in the improvement of the periodontal clinical response or decreasing circulating proinflammatory cytokine levels after periodontal treatment.
Population-Attributable Fractions of Axis I and Axis II Mental Disorders for Suicide Attempts: Findings From a Representative Sample of the Adult, Noninstitutionalized US Population
Authors: Bolton James M. , Robinson Jennifer 
Published: November 2010

Objectives. We aimed to determine the percentage of suicide attempts attributable to individual Axis I and Axis II mental disorders by studying population-attributable fractions (PAFs) in a nationally representative sample. Methods. Data were from the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions Wave 2 (NESARC; 2004–2005), a large (N = 34 653) survey of mental illness in the United States. We used multivariate logistic regression to compare individuals with and without a history of suicide attempt across Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition, Axis I disorders (anxiety, mood, psychotic, alcohol, and drug disorders) and all 10 Axis II personality disorders. PAFs were calculated for each disorder. Results. Of the 25 disorders we examined in the model, 4 disorders had notably high PAF values: major depressive disorder (PAF = 26.6%; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 20.1, 33.2), borderline personality disorder (PAF = 18.1%; 95% CI = 13.4, 23.5), nicotine dependence (PAF = 8.4%; 95% CI = 3.4, 13.7), and posttraumatic stress disorder (PAF = 6.3%; 95% CI = 3.2, 10.0). Conclusions. Our results provide new insight into the relationships between mental disorders and suicide attempts in the general population. Although many mental illnesses were associated with an increased likelihood of suicide attempt, elevated rates of suicide attempts were mostly attributed to the presence of 4 disorders.
Du collaboratif au social: l'avènement de la conversation
Authors: Poinsot Thomas , Duport François , Champloix Sylvain , Japiot Grégoire 
Published: November 2010

Abstract La première partie de ce dossier présente le concept de réseau social et vise à donner des « repères pour un nouveau monde collaboratif », comme l’indique le titre de la contribution introductive. Quels sont les usages et les fonctions que l’on est en droit d’attendre d’une plateforme de réseau social ? Quelle est l’offre actuelle ? Comment animer la communauté professionnelle et comment se prémunir de certains dangers potentiels au cours de son utilisation quotidienne. Sommaire de cette première partie : Les réseaux sociaux d’entreprise : repères pour un nouveau monde collaboratif , par Thomas Poinsot. Animateur de communauté : un profil à géométrie variable , par François Duport. Limites et dangers des réseaux sociaux ouverts dans le cadre d'une utilisation professionnelle , par Sylvain Champloix. De Classmates.com aux réseaux sociaux sur mesure : petite histoire des réseaux , par Grégoire Japiot
L'effort de réarmement des États-unis dans la première année du conflit coréen (1950-1951)
Authors: Carlier Claude 
Published: November 2010

Résumé Le 25 juin 1950, les armées de la Corée du Nord attaquent la Corée du Sud. L’organisation des Nations unies demande aux pays membres de lui venir en aide. Les États-Unis acceptent et prennent la direction des opérations militaires. D’importantes mesures législatives et financières permettent d’entreprendre un important effort tant au niveau des effectifs que celui des matériels. En une année, soutenues par une puissante industrie, les forces armées américaines deviennent capables de mener un éventuel conflit à l’échelle mondiale ainsi qu’un conflit limité en Corée.
La position stratégique de la chine dans la mer jaune et la compétition sino-américaine contemporaine dans la péninsule coréenne
Authors: S. Kim Young 
Published: November 2010

Résumé Après la débâcle du système de la guerre froide dans les années 1990, la Chine a établi des relations diplomatiques avec la Corée du Sud et est entrée en relations compétitives avec les États-Unis. La « crise » causée par le problème nucléaire nord-coréen était une bonne occasion pour la Chine de prouver son influence sur la Corée du Nord. Dans la situation actuelle, après la signature des accords par les Six pays en février 2007, la Chine a espéré que son rôle et le système de conférence des six pays pourraient être maintenus à l’avenir, influer sur le processus de réunification de la Corée. Les Chinois pensaient, avec la stratégie de l’ access denial , pouvoir défendre et obtenir, en cas de d’hostilités avec les États-Unis, le contrôle de la mer Jaune en créant un barrage de mines et avec les missiles de portée courte et moyenne, en donnant leur soutien à la Corée du Nord et en maintenant les relations pacifiques avec la Corée du Sud. Les États-Unis pourraient regagner leur place avantageuse dans la péninsule Coréenne par les accords signés en février 2007 avec la Corée du Nord et en avril 2007 le FTA avec la Corée du Sud.
Les déplacements de populations comme outil de contre-insurrection : l'exemple du programme des hameaux stratégiques au sud-vietnam
Authors: Tenenbaum Élie 
Published: November 2010

Résumé Le programme des hameaux stratégiques, développé au Sud-Vietnam par le gouvernement de Ngo Dinh Diem avec l’aide des États-Unis entre 1961 et 1963, consistait à déplacer les populations rurales du pays afin de les couper de l’influence de la guérilla communiste qui y sévissait. Cette entreprise, expression originale d’une problématique stratégique ancienne, constitue un épisode charnière dans le déroulement du conflit indochinois, en tant que véritable prodrome à la « guerre américaine ». Mais l’étude de ce programme soulève aussi des questions fondamentales concernant des enjeux actuels. La spécificité du programme tient à ce qu’il se place sous le double patronage de la contre-insurrection et du développement. Ces deux notions incarnent plus que jamais le souci des chancelleries occidentales, en ce moment même engagés dans des conflits insurrectionnels en divers endroits du globe où insécurité et fragilité économique se nourrissent mutuellement.
Comparative in Silico Analyses of Cpeb1–4 with Functional Predictions
Authors: Wang Xiang-Ping , Cooper Nigel G.F. 
Published: November 2010

Background Cytoplasmic polyadenylation element binding proteins (Cpebs) are a family of proteins that bind to defined groups of mRNAs and regulate their translation. While Cpebs were originally identified as important features of oocyte maturation, recent interest is due to their prospective roles in neural system plasticity. Results In this study we made use of bioinformatic tools and methods including NCBI Blast, UCSC Blat, and Invitrogen Vector NTI to comprehensively analyze all known isoforms of four mouse Cpeb paralogs extracted from the national UniGene, UniProt, and NCBI protein databases. We identified multiple alternative splicing variants for each Cpeb. Regions of commonality and distinctiveness were evident when comparing Cpeb2, 3, and 4. In addition, we performed cross-ortholog comparisons among multiple species. The exon patterns were generally conserved across vertebrates. Mouse and human isoforms were compared in greater detail as they are the most represented in the current databases. The homologous and distinct regions are strictly conserved in mouse Cpeb and human CPEB proteins. Novel variants were proposed based on cross-ortholog comparisons and validated using biological methods. The functions of the alternatively spliced regions were predicted using the Eukaryotic Linear Motif resource. Conclusions Together, the large number of transcripts and proteins indicate the presence of a hitherto unappreciated complexity in the regulation and functions of Cpebs. The evolutionary retention of variable regions as described here is most likely an indication of their functional significance.
Linking Grain Boundaries and Grain Growth in Ceramics
Authors: Bäurer Michael , Störmer Heike , Gerthsen Dagmar , Hoffmann Michael J. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractThe macroscopic properties of most materials are strongly influenced by grain size. In ceramic materials the microstructure usually results from the sintering process. Understanding the basic mechanisms of grain growth on an atomic length scale in ceramics would be beneficial to tailor the microstructure for improved macroscopic performance of devices. A method is presented using grain growth experiments to select samples for closer examination of grain boundaries with transmission electron microscopy. The growth experiments are used to identify temperatures were changes at grain boundaries occur at high temperature. Subsequently samples of interest are investigated using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) methods. The correlation between TEM results and changes in grain growth behavior can be used to gain closer insight into the processes occurring during grain growth at an atomic length scale. Strontium titanate is used as model system to demonstrate the combination of growth experiments with TEM results. Normal grain growth shows two distinct drops in growth rate in the temperature range between 1 300 and 1 425 °C, independent of the A‐site to B‐site stoichiometry of the perovskite. In previous studies a high preference for grain boundary planes oriented parallel to the 100 direction of one of the adjacent grains was found in the high temperature regime. This study shows that the preference does not exist in the low temperature regime possibly explaining the change in grain growth rate.
Allometry and apparent paradoxes in human limb proportions: Implications for scaling factors
Authors: Auerbach Benjamin M. , Sylvester Adam D. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractIt has been consistently demonstrated that human proximal limb elements exhibit negative allometry, while distal elements scale with positive allometry. Such scaling implies that longer limbs will have higher intralimb indices, a phenomenon not borne out by empirical analyses. This, therefore, creates a paradox within the limb allometry literature. This study shows that these apparently conflicting results are the product of two separate phenomena. First, the use of the geometric mean of limb elements produces allometry coefficients that are not independent, and that when using ordinary least squares regression must yield an average slope of one. This phenomenon argues against using the geometric mean as a size variable when examining limb allometry. While the employment of relevant dimensions independent of those under analysis to calculate the geometric mean—as suggested by Coleman (Am J Phys Anthropol 135 (2008) 404–415)—may be a partial method for resolving the problem, an empirically determined, independent and biologically relevant size variable is advocated. If stature is used instead of the geometric mean as an independent size variable, all major limb elements scale with positive allometry. Second, while limb allometry coefficients do indicate differential allometry in limb elements, and thus should lead to some intralimb index allometry, this pattern appears to be attenuated by other sources of limb element length variation. Am J Phys Anthropol, 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Hamate‐pisiform coalition: Morphology, clinical significance, and a simplified classification scheme for carpal coalition
Authors: Burnett Scott E. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractHamate‐pisiform coalition is characterized by the abnormal union of the pisiform bone and hamulus of the hamate. Because most reported cases are isolated, and literature on the subject is sparse, relatively little is known about this condition and its clinical significance. The purpose of this report is to discuss the occurrence, morphology, and frequency of hamate‐pisiform coalition identified in a skeletal sample of native South Africans, and to conduct a metaanalysis of all known cases in order to clarify the sex distribution, laterality, form, and clinical significance of this condition. Five new cases (three male, two female) of hamate‐pisiform coalition were identified in 527 native South Africans. Results indicate that hamate‐pisiform coalition is infrequent (0.76%) but may be more likely encountered in individuals of African ancestry. Morphologically, non‐osseous examples ranged in appearance from minor expressions involving pitting of an expanded hamulus base, to a variably pitted articulation between an elongated pisiform and hamulus. Osseous union between the two bones tends to extend beyond the hamulus base to adjacent areas of the hamate. Cases involving osseous union appear predisposed to fracture while ulnar neuropathy is significantly more frequent in individuals exhibiting non‐osseous coalition. As both non‐osseous and osseous cases can have clinical significance, awareness of the variable manifestations of this condition is necessary for hand specialists. A simplified classification system is suggested to more consistently characterize carpal coalitions. Clin. Anat. 24:188–196, 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Stereospecific pharmacokinetics of racemic homoeriodictyol, isosakuranetin, and taxifolin in rats and their disposition in fruit
Authors: Vega‐Villa Karina R. , Remsberg Connie M. , Takemoto Jody K. , Ohgami Yusuke , Yáñez Jaime A. , Andrews Preston K. , Davies Neal M. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractThe chirality of flavonoids has been overlooked in the majority of pharmacokinetic studies of homoeriodictyol, isosakuranetin, and taxifolin. The stereospecific pharmacokinetic disposition of these xenobiotics in male Sprague‐Dawley rats is described for the first time. Validated HPLC methods were used to analyze serum and urine samples of rats following intravenous administration of each flavonoid via jugular vein cannulation and to determine their content in selected fruits. The characterization and interpretation of the pharmacokinetic disposition profiles of homoeriodictyol, isosakuranetin, and taxifolin are described. A discrepancy exists between half‐lives in serum and urine which may be attributed to low assay sensitivity in serum for the three compounds; thus, a more accurate estimation of the pharmacokinetic parameters was obtained from urine. The pharmacokinetics of homoeriodictyol, isosakuranetin, and taxifolin revealed distribution, metabolism, and elimination that were dependent on the stereochemistry of the stereoisomers. The (−)‐(S)‐enantiomers of homoeriodictyol and isosakuranetin and the (+)‐(2S; 3R)‐stereoisomer of taxifolin were predominant in lemon, grapefruit, and tomato. These findings were achieved using chiral methods of analysis; the utility and necessity of developing chiral methods of analysis for chiral xenobiotics are discussed. Chirality, 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Three‐Pulse Photon‐Echo Peak Shift Spectroscopy and Its Application for the Study of Solvation and Nanoscale Excitons
Authors: Oh Megan H. J. , Salvador Mayrose R. , Wong Cathy Y. , Scholes Gregory D. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractAn understanding of chemical reactivity begins with an understanding of the dynamics involved regarding system–bath interactions. Spectroscopic studies of these interactions in condensed‐phase multichromophoric systems are intricate and contain much information. Photon‐echo spectroscopy has proven to be a useful tool for probing these interactions. A description of three‐pulse photon‐echo peak shift spectroscopy (3PEPS)—theory, experiment, and application—for the study of solvation and dynamics of nanoscale excitons is presented. Also, we discuss how two‐dimensional photon‐echo spectroscopy (2DPE) relates to 3PEPS and show how 3PEPS data can be extracted from 2D photon‐echo data.
External quality assurance of circulating tumor cell enumeration using the CellSearch® system: A feasibility study
Authors: Kraan Jaco , Sleijfer Stefan , Strijbos Michiel H. , Ignatiadis Michail , Peeters Dieter , Pierga Jean‐Yves , Farace Francoise , Riethdorf Sabine , Fehm Tanja , Zorzino Laura , Tibbe Arjan G. J. , Maestro Marisa , Gisbert‐Criado Rafael , Denton Graeme , de Bono Johann S. , Dive Caroline , Foekens John A. , Gratama Jan W. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractBackground:Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are cells that have detached from solid tumors and entered the blood. CTCs can be detected, among others, by semi‐automated immunomagnetic enrichment and image cytometry using CellSearch® (Veridex, Raritan, NJ). We studied the feasibility of external quality assurance (EQA) of the entire CellSearch procedure from blood draw to interpretation of results in multiple laboratories.Methods:Blood samples from six cancer patients and controls were distributed to 14 independent laboratories to test between‐laboratory, between‐assay, and between‐instrument variation. Additionally, between‐operator variability was assessed through the interpretation of blinded images of all blood samples on a website.Results:Shipment and storage of samples had no influence on CTC values. Between‐instrument (coefficient of variation (CV) < 12%) and between‐assay variation was low (CV ≤ 20%), indicating high reproducibility. However, between‐laboratory CV ranged from 45 to 64%. Although inter‐operator agreement on image interpretation (Fleiss' κ statistics) ranged from “substantial” to “almost perfect,” image interpretation, particularly of samples containing high numbers of apoptotic cells, was the main contributor to between‐laboratory variation.Conclusions:This multicenter study shows the feasibility of an EQA program for CTC detection in patient samples, and the importance of continuation of such a program for the harmonization of CTC enumeration. © 2010 International International Clinical Cytometry Society
Orbital aspergillus infection diagnosed by FNAC
Authors: Kuruba Sree Lakshmi , Prabhakaran Venkatesh C. , Nagarajappa A. H. , Biligi Dayanand S. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractFungal infections of the orbit represent a small minority of orbital infections. However, due to the virulent nature of some of the fungal species, they can have a devastating effect on ocular functions. Most of these fungi are saprophytes, which cause opportunistic infections. Aspergillus is one such fungus that can cause infection at various sites in an immunosuppressed individual. Sinonasal aspergillus infection with orbital extension and orbital aspergillus infection progress relentlessly. They can have a precipitous clinical course resulting in total loss of vision. Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is rarely used as a preoperative diagnostic tool in the investigation of orbital mass lesions. Further, fungal infections of orbit are seldom diagnosed on FNAC. Two cases of fungal infection of the orbital and periorbital tissue diagnosed on FNAC are presented. A 50‐year‐old diabetic male presented with diminishing vision, pain, and forward protrusion of the left eye. On examination, he had upper eye lid fullness. A 55‐year‐old diabetic male presented with a swelling on the right upper eye lid. The patients were evaluated radiologically and then subjected to FNAC. The smears showed giant cells, histiocytes, epithelioid granulomas, and fungal hyphae. A diagnosis of fungal infection was arrived at which was subsequently confirmed by culture and biopsy. Orbital aspergillus infection can have a precipitous course. Computerized tomography and magnetic resonance imaging of the orbit provide crucial information. However, FNAC can help in making an early definitive diagnosis of fungal infection and thus obviate the need for a biopsy. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.