bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A systematic literature review to explore the antecedents of employee engagement among remote workers
Authors: Choudhary Neeru , Jain Shilpa 
Published: May 2024

PurposeThis study aims to identify and review research articles to understand the conceptualization of employee engagement (EE) in a remote working environment. Specifically, the aim is to explore the antecedents impacting remote workers’ engagement.Design/methodology/approachA systematic literature review was conducted, encompassing empirical studies sourced from EBSCO, Emerald and Gale databases. Studies published in peer-reviewed journals between 2013 and 2023 covering countries in the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) were included. Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were followed to capture the review process.FindingsA total of 25 empirical studies published across 18 journals were synthesized, with the results being reported in terms of three research objectives. The researchers identified that individual, organizational/job resources and organizational/job demands are the three main antecedents affecting EE in remote working environments.Research limitations/implicationsThis study can serve as an important source of information for academics and practitioners as well as postulate new avenues for the future research. While the Job Demands-Resources model remains relevant in specifying demands and resources as antecedents of workforce engagement, technological antecedents gain prominence as additional factors contribute to the engagement of remote workforce.Originality/valueThis article studies the shifting landscape of EE with the rise of remote working and the need to gain a better understanding of how to keep remote workers engaged.
Long‐term follow‐up study of the efficacy of fosravuconazole in the treatment of onychomycosis in elderly patients
Authors: Okubo Ayaka , Hanada Miharu , Kodama Saori , Taniguchi Naeko , Miyazaki Yoshinori 
Published: May 2024

AbstractOnychomycosis is a chronic and intractable disease whose prevalence increases during aging. In elderly patients, if onychomycosis is left untreated and progresses to a severe stage it may cause functional decline of the lower limbs due to foot pain. This could lead to a decline in activities of daily living and secondary impairment such as cognitive decline. Thus, the treatment of onychomycosis in elderly patients is important. We have previously shown that fosravuconazole is relatively safe and effective for onychomycosis in elderly patients. In the present study, we continued the follow‐up study and investigated the efficacy of re‐administration of fosravuconazole in patients with recurrent onychomycosis. One hundred and twenty‐five patients aged ≥65 years who had been initially diagnosed with onychomycosis at our hospital's dermatology department, and who had responded well to fosravuconazole at 48 weeks after the initial treatment, were followed up until 144 weeks after the start of the initial treatment. Patients who experienced a recurrence within 24 weeks after the start of the follow‐up were assigned to the short‐term recurrence group, and those who experienced a recurrence after 24 weeks were assigned to the long‐term recurrence group. All patients in both groups were re‐treated with fosravuconazole to evaluate its efficacy. The short‐term and long‐term recurrence groups consisted of 17 (14.3%) and 10 (8.4%) patients, respectively. There were no significant differences in mean age and sex ratio between the two groups. There were no serious adverse effects in either group, and the toenail opacity ratio was significantly reduced after 12 weeks of re‐treatment in both groups. The short‐term and long‐term recurrence groups were significantly more likely to have wedge‐shaped onychomycosis and total dystrophic onychomycosis, respectively. The results suggest that re‐administration of fosravuconazole is safe and as effective as the first administration for elderly patients with recurrent onychomycosis. This study was registered at UMIN‐CTR (UMIN000053516).
Effects of subtle variation in forest canopy openness on cache pilferage and its implications for forest regeneration
Authors: WANG Hongying , WANG Bo , CHEN Wenwen 
Published: May 2024

AbstractScatter‐hoarding rodents play important roles in plant regeneration and species coexistence in many forest ecosystems. Cache pilferage, the behavior of rodents seeking or relocating seeds cached by other individuals, is ubiquitous during the scatter‐hoarding process. The effects of canopy openness on cache pilferage have received considerable attention, most of which have focused on the comparison between full canopy cover and completely open areas, such as forest gaps. However, little attention has been given to whether the subtle variation in forest canopy openness affects cache pilferage, although subtle variation in light environments exists in many forests, especially tropical and subtropical forests, where the overall canopy is large and the forest window is relatively small. Here, we directly tested these questions by simulating 400 artificial caches, each containing one seed from four selected tree species, in a subtropical forest in southwestern China. The overall canopy openness of the forest was relatively small (with a mean value of 11.1%), but subtle spatial variation still existed (ranging from 5.7% to 19.5%). Overall, caches with lower canopy openness were more likely to be pilfered and removed faster, although not all species showed the same pattern. Our study highlights that subtle variation in forest canopy openness, even in a closed primary forest, has significant effects on cache pilferage by rodents, which may influence the following seed germination and forest regeneration processes. Additionally, seedling species composition may further be altered because the canopy effects on cache pilferage are species‐specific.
Feasibility study comparing synthesized mammography with digital breast tomosynthesis and digital mammography for simulated first round screening in a single BreastScreen NSW centre
Authors: Dhurandhar Vikrant , Bhola Nalini , Chan Mico , Choi Sarah , Chung Tzu‐Yun , Giuffre Bruno , Hunter Nigel , Lee Katelyn , McKessar Merran , Reddy Ranjani , Roberts Marian , Shearman Christine , Kay Meredith , Bruderlin Ken , Winarta Niko , Noakes Jennifer 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIntroductionWhile digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) has proven to enhance cancer detection and reduce recall rates (RR), its integration into BreastScreen Australia for screening has been limited, in part due to perceived cost implications. This study aims to assess the cost effectiveness of digital mammography (DM) compared with synthesized mammography and DBT (SM + DBT) in a first round screening context for short‐term outcomes.MethodsClients recalled for nonspecific density (NSD) as a single lesion by both readers at the Northern Sydney Central Coast BreastScreen service in 2019 were included. Prior images were excluded to simulate first‐round screening. Eleven radiologists read DM and synthesized mammography with DBT (SM + DBT) images 4 weeks apart. Recall rates (RR), reading time, and diagnostic parameters were measured, and costs for screen reading and assessment were calculated.ResultAmong 65 clients studied, 13 were diagnosed with cancer, with concordant cancer recalls. SM + DBT reduced recall rates (RR), increased reading time, maintained cancer detection sensitivity, and significantly improved other diagnostic parameters, particularly false positive rates. Benign biopsy recalls remained equivalent. While SM + DBT screen reading cost was significantly higher than DM (DM AU$890 ± 186 vs SM + DBT AU$1279 ± 265; P < 0.001), the assessment cost (DM AU$29,504 ± 9427 vs SM + DBT AU$18,021 ± 5606; P < 0.001), and combined screen reading and assessment costs were significantly lower (DM AU$30,394 ± 9508 vs SM + DBT AU$19,300 ± 5721; P = 0.001). SM + DBT screen reading and assessment of 65 patients resulted in noteworthy cost savings (AU$11,094), equivalent to assessing 12 additional clients.ConclusionIn first round screening, DBT yields significant cost savings by effectively reducing unnecessary recalls to assessment while maintaining diagnostic efficacy.
The failed negotiations to restore the Iran nuclear deal
Authors: Sauer Tom 
Published: May 2024

AbstractWhen the Biden administration came to power, the hope was that the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA) (2015), the so‐called Iran nuclear deal, would be restored. Due to domestic constraints and in the case of Iran also a valid alternative, both the US and the Rohani administration played hardball during the negotiations. As the Iranian nuclear program further advanced and the ties with Russia and China became stronger, the conservative Raisi administration was even less interested in reviving the nuclear deal. What remains are mini‐deals that are more advantageous for Iran than for the US. Billions of dollars of Iran are (or will be) unfrozen by the US, while Iran's break‐out time of its nuclear program has shrunk to zero days. Given that the overall goal of the international community (and especially the US) was to prevent Iran from building the bomb, one can only conclude that that policy has basically failed. Although Teheran has not built the bomb yet, it is now closer to the bomb than ever. Liberal theory and more in particular Putnam's two‐level game help explain this outcome.
Parental linguistic support in a home environment is associated with language development of preschool‐aged children
Authors: Mustonen Riikka , Torppa Ritva , Stolt Suvi 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAimIn today's increasingly digitalised society, there is a growing need for information on how parents can support their children's language development at home. We investigated the associations between three types of parental linguistic support and children's language skills in different domains.MethodsBetween April 2019 and March 2020, 164 children aged between 2.5 and 4.1 years and their parents were recruited via daycare centres in Helsinki. Information on how frequently parents read, told free stories and sang to their children was collected. The children's lexical and grammatical skills and general language ability were assessed using validated instruments.ResultsMore frequent reading, storytelling and singing were all separately associated with higher‐level expressive lexical and general expressive language ability. More frequent reading and storytelling were also associated with higher‐level phonological skills. Only reading was associated with receptive skills. The regression analyses revealed that reading had the highest explanatory value for lexical and general language ability after controlling for the effect of background factors. Furthermore, storytelling had the highest explanatory value for grammatical skills.ConclusionThe results highlight the benefits of parental reading. However, broad use of all parental linguistic activities is recommended to support the development of children's different language domains.
Effects of thiazides and new findings on kidney stones and dysglycemic side effects
Authors: Bargagli Matteo , Anderegg Manuel A. , Fuster Daniel G. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThiazide and thiazide‐like diuretics (thiazides) belong to the most frequently prescribed drugs worldwide. By virtue of their natriuretic and vasodilating properties, thiazides effectively lower blood pressure and prevent adverse cardiovascular outcomes. In addition, through their unique characteristic of reducing urine calcium, thiazides are also widely employed for the prevention of kidney stone recurrence and reduction of bone fracture risk. Since their introduction into clinical medicine in the early 1960s, thiazides have been recognized for their association with metabolic side effects, particularly impaired glucose tolerance, and new‐onset diabetes mellitus. Numerous hypotheses have been advanced to explain thiazide‐induced glucose intolerance, yet underlying mechanisms remain poorly defined. Regrettably, the lack of understanding and unpredictability of these side effects has prompted numerous physicians to refrain from prescribing these effective, inexpensive, and widely accessible drugs. In this review, we outline the pharmacology and mechanism of action of thiazides, highlight recent advances in the understanding of thiazide‐induced glucose intolerance, and provide an up‐to‐date discussion on the role of thiazides in kidney stone prevention.
Individual dipeptidyl peptidase‐4 inhibitors and acute kidney injury in patients with type 2 diabetes: A systematic review and network meta‐analysis
Authors: Mitsuboshi Satoru , Morizumi Makoto , Kotake Kazumasa , Kaseda Ryohei , Narita Ichiei 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis network meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials aimed to determine whether any individual dipeptidyl peptidase‐4 (DPP‐4) inhibitors increase the risk of acute kidney injury (AKI). The Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online via PubMed, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and ClinicalTrials.gov were systematically searched to identify relevant studies. The primary outcome was AKI. A frequentist network meta‐analysis was performed using a random‐effects model to account for heterogeneity. Twenty‐nine studies involving 56 117 participants were included. There were 918 cases of AKI (1.63%). The risk of bias was generally considered to be low. The only DPP‐4 inhibitor that significantly increased the frequency of AKI when compared with placebo was sitagliptin (risk ratio 1.65, 95% confidence interval 1.22–2.23). However, because one study showed significant outliers in the funnel plot, in a highly heterogeneous population composed solely of patients undergoing surgery for coronary artery bypass graft, we conducted a post‐hoc sensitivity analysis to exclude this study. The results showed no statistically significant difference in the risk of AKI between sitagliptin and placebo. Individual DPP‐4 inhibitors do not appear to increase the risk of AKI. However, sitagliptin may be associated with AKI in patients with underlying severe cardiovascular disease.
Stable neural underpinnings of emotional cognition subgroups in patients newly diagnosed with bipolar disorder: A prospective fMRI study
Authors: Kjærstad Hanne Lie , de Siqueira Rotenberg Luisa , Macoveanu Julian , Coello Klara , Faurholt‐Jepsen Maria , Bjertrup Anne Juul , Knudsen Gitte M. , Fisher Patrick M. , Vinberg Maj , Kessing Lars Vedel , Lafer Beny , Miskowiak Kamilla Woznica 
Published: May 2024

AbstractObjectivesThis study aimed to investigate the neural underpinnings of emotional cognition subgroups in recently diagnosed patients with bipolar disorder (BD) and change over time over a 15‐month follow‐up period.MethodsPatients and healthy controls (HC) underwent emotional and nonemotional cognitive assessments and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) at the baseline (BD n = 87; HC n = 65) and at 15‐month follow‐up (BD n = 44; HC n = 38). Neural activity during emotion reactivity and regulation in response to aversive pictures was assessed during fMRI. Patients were clustered into subgroups based on their emotional cognition and, with HC, were compared longitudinally on cognition and neural activity during emotion reactivity and regulation.ResultsPatients were optimally clustered into two subgroups: Subgroup 1 (n = 40, 46%) was characterized by heightened emotional reactivity in negative social scenarios, which persisted over time, but were otherwise cognitively intact. This subgroup exhibited stable left amygdala hyper‐activity over time during emotion reactivity compared to subgroup 2. Subgroup 2 (n = 47, 54%) was characterized by global emotional cognitive impairments, including stable difficulties with emotion regulation over time. During emotion regulation across both time points, this group exhibited hypo‐activity in the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. Additionally, patients in subgroup 2 had poorer nonemotional cognition, had more psychiatric hospital admissions and history of psychotic episodes than those in subgroup 1.ConclusionsBroad impairments in emotional cognition in approximately half of BD patients and associated nonemotional cognitive deficits may originate from insufficient recruitment of prefrontal resources, contributing to poorer clinical outcomes.
Primary school teachers' classroom‐based e‐assessment practices: Insights from the theory of planned behaviour
Authors: Zhan Ying , Sun Daner , Kong Ho Man , Zeng Ye 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThere is a global trend in the increased adoption of e‐assessment in school classrooms to enhance learning. Teachers, as classroom‐based assessment designers and implementers, play a vital role in such assessment change. However, little is known about school teachers' classroom‐based e‐assessment practices and the underlying reasons. To address this research gap, this study identified the factors influencing Hong Kong primary school teachers' e‐assessment practices underpinned by the theory of planned behaviour (TPB). A large‐scale survey was issued to 878 teachers via Qualtrics. Structural equation modelling (SEM) analysis shows that primary school teachers' intentions of using e‐assessment and perceived behavioural control of it were the two strongest factors predicting their e‐assessment practices in a general way. Specifically, teachers' intentions outweighed perceived behavioural control in determining their use of alternative e‐assessment tasks and e‐feedback, but this reversed for e‐tests/exercises. The impact of perceived behavioural control was consistent across the three types of e‐assessment practices. Furthermore, teachers' attitudes significantly influenced their intentions to use alternative e‐assessment tasks, while subject norms primarily predicted their intentions to use e‐feedback. The findings have implications for primary schools to take countermeasures to facilitate the successful implementation of e‐assessment at the classroom level.Practitioner notesWhat is already known about this topic

E‐assessment has the potential to influence learning.
E‐assessment has often been used in a controlled environment with a relatively small sample size.
The past 3 years have seen a surge in discussions and research around using e‐assessment in classroom settings, mostly in higher education.
What this paper adds

Primary school teachers used more e‐tests or exercises than alternative e‐assessment tasks and e‐feedback in their daily teaching.
Teachers' intentions outweighed perceived behavioural control in determining their use of alternative e‐assessment tasks and e‐feedback, but this reversed for e‐tests/exercises.
Teachers' attitudes significantly influenced their intentions to use alternative e‐assessment tasks, while subject norms primarily predicted their intentions to use e‐feedback.
Implications for practice and/or policy

Teachers' intentions of using alternative e‐assessment and e‐feedback should be increased to enhance their usage in the classroom.
Teachers' e‐assessment literacy should be developed to enable them to integrate e‐assessment into their daily instruction.
New findings and new methods on macrophages in primary immune thrombocytopenia
Authors: Ji Lili , Zhan Yanxia , Cheng Yunfeng 
Published: May 2024

Primary immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is an acquired autoimmune disease with multiple immune cells take part in the pathogenesis. Macrophages play multiple roles in both innate and adaptive immune system. The report by Jiani Mo and colleagues identified new biomarkers and explore the role of mitophagy and ferroptosis in ITP pathogenesis.Commentary on: Mo et al. Comprehensive analysis and prediction model of mitophagy and ferroptosis in primary immune thrombocytopenia. Br J Haematol 2024;204:2429‐2442.
Evaluating Graph Layout Algorithms: A Systematic Review of Methods and Best Practices
Authors: Di Bartolomeo Sara , Crnovrsanin Tarik , Saffo David , Puerta Eduardo , Wilson Connor , Dunne Cody 
Published: May 2024

AbstractEvaluations—encompassing computational evaluations, benchmarks and user studies—are essential tools for validating the performance and applicability of graph and network layout algorithms (also known as graph drawing). These evaluations not only offer significant insights into an algorithm's performance and capabilities, but also assist the reader in determining if the algorithm is suitable for a specific purpose, such as handling graphs with a high volume of nodes or dense graphs. Unfortunately, there is no standard approach for evaluating layout algorithms. Prior work holds a ‘Wild West’ of diverse benchmark datasets and data characteristics, as well as varied evaluation metrics and ways to report results. It is often difficult to compare layout algorithms without first implementing them and then running your own evaluation. In this systematic review, we delve into the myriad of methodologies employed to conduct evaluations—the utilized techniques, reported outcomes and the pros and cons of choosing one approach over another. Our examination extends beyond computational evaluations, encompassing user‐centric evaluations, thus presenting a comprehensive understanding of algorithm validation. This systematic review—and its accompanying website—guides readers through evaluation types, the types of results reported, and the available benchmark datasets and their data characteristics. Our objective is to provide a valuable resource for readers to understand and effectively apply various evaluation methods for graph layout algorithms. A free copy of this paper and all supplemental material is available at osf.io, and the categorized papers are accessible on our website at https://visdunneright.github.io/gd‐comp‐eval/.
The changing of α5‐GABAA receptors expression and distribution participate in sevoflurane‐induced learning and memory impairment in young mice
Authors: Wang Shengran , Wang Sixuan , Wang Zhun , Dong Jinpeng , Zhang Mengxue , Wang Yongan , Wang Jianyu , Jia Beichen , Luo Yuan , Yin Yiqing 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundSevoflurane is a superior agent for maintaining anesthesia during surgical procedures. However, the neurotoxic mechanisms of clinical concentration remain poorly understood. Sevoflurane can interfere with the normal function of neurons and synapses and impair cognitive function by acting on α5‐GABAAR.MethodsUsing MWM test, we evaluated cognitive abilities in mice following 1 h of anesthesia with 2.7%–3% sevoflurane. Based on hippocampal transcriptome analysis, we analyzed the differential genes and IL‐6 24 h post‐anesthesia. Western blot and RT‐PCR were performed to measure the levels of α5‐GABAAR, Radixin, P‐ERM, P‐Radixin, Gephyrin, IL‐6, and ROCK. The spatial distribution and expression of α5‐GABAAR on neuronal somata were analyzed using histological and three‐dimensional imaging techniques.ResultsMWM test indicated that partial long‐term learning and memory impairment. Combining molecular biology and histological analysis, our studies have demonstrated that sevoflurane induces immunosuppression, characterized by reduced IL‐6 expression levels, and that enhanced Radixin dephosphorylation undermines the microstructural stability of α5‐GABAAR, leading to its dissociation from synaptic exterior and resulting in a disordered distribution in α5‐GABAAR expression within neuronal cell bodies. On the synaptic cleft, the expression level of α5‐GABAAR remained unchanged, the spatial distribution became more compact, with an increased fluorescence intensity per voxel. On the extra‐synaptic space, the expression level of α5‐GABAAR decreased within unchanged spatial distribution, accompanied by an increased fluorescence intensity per voxel.ConclusionDysregulated α5‐GABAAR expression and distribution contributes to sevoflurane‐induced partial long‐term learning and memory impairment, which lays the foundation for elucidating the underlying mechanisms in future studies.