bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A composite K ‐band luminosity function for cluster galaxies
Authors: De Propris R. , Christlein D. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractWe present a composite K ‐band luminosity function for 10 clusters at low redshift, where member galaxies are identified from an existing spectroscopic survey (the 2dF galaxy redshift survey). Our kinematically selected K ‐band luminosity function is well fitted by a Schechter function with MK * = –24.50 + 5 log h and α = –0.98 over –27 ≪ MK –5 log h < –22. This is very similar to the 2dF field value and suggests that the integrated mass accretion history of galaxies does not vary strongly with environment (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Early‐type dwarf galaxies with spiral structure
Authors: Lisker T. , Brunngräber R. , Grebel E.K. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractA significant fraction of Virgo cluster early‐type dwarf (dE) galaxies exhibit disk substructure, like spiral arms and bars. Are these disks the still visible remnants of late‐type progenitor galaxies that harassment transformed into dEs? Simulations of harassment predict tidal debris arcs around the remnants, as well as a distorted outer structure. We aimed at detecting such signatures by means of very deep ESO 2.2m/WFI images of dEs with weak spiral structure. Here, we present a preliminary analysis of these images and their implications (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Metallicity gradients: Mass dependency in dwarf elliptical galaxies
Authors: Koleva M. , Prugniel Ph. , De Rijcke S. , Zeiinger W. W. , Michielsen D. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractThe formation and evolution of galaxies is imprinted on their stellar population radial gradients. Two recent articles present conflicting results concerning the mass dependence of the metallicity gradients for early‐type dwarf galaxies. On one side, Spolaor et al. (2009) show a tight positive correlation between the total metallicity [Z /H] and the mass. On the other side, in a distinct sample, we do not find any trend involving [Fe/H] (Koleva et al. 2009). In order to investigate the origin of the discrepancy, we examine various factors that may affect the determination of the gradients: namely the sky subtraction and the signal‐to‐noise ratio. We conclude that our detection of gradients are well above the possible analysis biases. Then, we measured the [Mg/Fe] relative abundance profile and found moderate gradients. The derived [Z /H] gradients scatter around –0.4 dex/re. The two samples contain the same types of objects and the reason of the disagreement is still not understood (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Ultraviolet color‐magnitude relation of early‐type dwarf galaxies in the Virgo cluster
Authors: Kim S. , Rey S.‐C. , Lisker T. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractWe present ultraviolet (UV) color‐magnitude relations (CMRs) for dwarf ellipticals (dEs) and dwarf lenticulars (dS0s) in the Virgo cluster. We used the Galaxy Evolution Explorer (GALEX) GR3 photometric data in far‐ultraviolet (FUV) and near‐ultraviolet (NUV) passbands combined with SDSS DR5 data. We found that dS0s as well as peculiar dEs (dEs with blue center and disk) found by Lisker et al. (2006a, b) show distinct locus from that of ordinary dEs in UV CMRs. The dS0s and peculiar dEs have bluer UV colors than ordinary dEs at a fixed optical luminosity. Furthermore, UV colors of dEs in outer region of the cluster are systematically bluer than those in inner region. Since UV flux is sensitive to the presence of young stellar population from recent star formation activity, our results suggest that there are different star formation histories among different subsample of early‐type dwarf galaxies in Virgo cluster concerning their morphology and environmental effect (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
How to disentangle the group of dwarf elliptical galaxies in the Virgo cluster
Authors: Gotthart T. , Jäger M. , Hensler G. , Zeilinger W.W. , Boselli A. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractA sample of early‐type dwarf galaxies of the Virgo cluster extracted from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey is analyzed to search for two different populations: galaxies which were formed in the cluster and galaxies which were accreted at a later stage and which were stripped during this process. Photometric and spectroscopic data has been used for the analysis. Due to the low signal‐to‐noise ratios of the data, the results are however inconclusive (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Uncover the conserved property underlying sequence‐distant and structure‐similar proteins
Authors: Gao Jun , Li Zhijun 
Published: November 2009

AbstractIt is widely accepted that a protein's sequence determines its structure. The surprising finding that proteins of distant sequence can adopt similar 3D structures has raised interesting questions regarding underlying conserved properties that are essential for protein folding and stability. Uncovering the conserved properties may shed light on the folding mechanism of proteins and help with the development of computational tools for protein structure prediction. We compiled and analyzed a structure pair dataset of 66 high‐resolution and low sequence identity (16–38%) soluble proteins. Structure deviation for each pair was confirmed by calculating its Cα SiMax value and comparing its potential energy per residue. Analysis of favorable inter‐residue interactions for each structure pair indicated that the average number of inter‐residue interactions within each structure represents a conserved feature of homologous structures of distant sequence. Detailed comparison of individual types of interactions showed that the average number of either hydrophobic or hydrogen bonding interactions remains unchanged for each structure pair. These findings should be of help to improving the quality of homology models based on templates of low sequence identity, thus broadening the application of homology modeling techniques for protein studies. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Biopolymers 93: 340–347, 2010.This article was originally published online as an accepted preprint. The “Published Online” date corresponds to the preprint version. You can request a copy of the preprint by emailing the Biopolymers editorial office at biopolymers@wiley.com
Computational Study of the Lipase‐Mediated Desymmetrisation of 2‐Substituted‐Propane‐1,3‐Diamines
Authors: García‐Urdiales Eduardo , Busto Eduardo , Ríos‐Lombardía Nicolás , Gotor‐Fernández Vicente , Gotor Vicente 
Published: November 2009

AbstractThe enantioselectivity displayed by the lipase from Pseudomonas cepacia towards a wide range of prochiral 2‐substituted‐propane‐1,3‐diamines was studied by means of molecular dynamics simulations (MDS). In all cases the enzyme allows the recovery of the corresponding amino carbamates of R configuration. However, the enantioselectivity is only synthetically useful if no ortho substituent is present and the aromatic ring is directly bonded to the 2‐carbon of the 1,3‐diamine core. Analysis of the MDS trajectories revealed that the homologation of 2‐aryl substituents by means of a methylene group lowers enantioselectivity by alleviating the conformational tension of the slow‐reacting orientations due to unfavourable intramolecular contacts between the ortho carbons of the aryl group and the nucleophilic nitrogen, as well as between the chiral carbon and the oxyanion. Additionally, the relative solvent accessible surfaces of the atoms of the aryl ring nicely correlate with the effect of the location of the substituent on enantioselectivity.
An animal model for chemotherapy‐associated steatohepatitis and its prevention by the oral administration of fatty acid bile acid conjugate
Authors: Keizman Daniel , Maimon Natalie , Ish‐Shalom Maya , Buchbut Dana , Inbar Moshe , Klein Baruch , Bernheim Joelle , Goldiner Ilana , Leikin‐Frenkel Alicia , Konikoff Fred 
Published: November 2009

AbstractBACKGROUND:Preoperative chemotherapy for hepatic resection of colorectal liver metastases is associated with the development of chemotherapy‐associated steatohepatitis (CASH). This increases the risk of perioperative morbidity and mortality. To the authors' knowledge, an animal model for CASH has not been described previously. It has been established that fatty acid bile acid conjugates (FABACs) prevent the formation of diet‐induced fatty liver. The current study was designed to establish an animal model of CASH and to use that model to study the effect of FABACs on its occurrence.METHODS:C57BL/6 mice were given different doses of oxaliplatin and irinotecan. Oxaliplatin administered once weekly at a dose of 6 mg/kg for a total dose of 24 mg/kg was tolerated best and was associated most consistently with CASH. Thus, that dose was chosen as the induction model for CASH. Subsequently, mice were divided into a control group (no treatment), an oxaliplatin group, and a CASH‐prevention group, which received oxaliplatin and C20‐FABAC at a dose of 150 mg/kg daily. The animals were killed after 28 days.RESULTS:Liver fat content was significantly lower (P < .0001) in the control group (51.63 mg/g) and the prevention group (62.13 mg/g) compared with the oxaliplatin group (95.35 mg/g). This difference was mainly because of the accumulation of liver triglycerides in the oxaliplatin group.CONCLUSIONS:The current results indicated that C57BL/6 mice receiving weekly oxaliplatin can be used as a model for CASH. Oral FABAC therapy reduced the development of CASH in animals that received oxaliplatin. To the authors' knowledge, this report is the first description of a model and a potential preventive treatment for CASH. Cancer 2010. © 2010 American Cancer Society.
Reduced microRNA‐218 expression is associated with high nuclear factor kappa B activation in gastric cancer
Authors: Gao Caiping , Zhang Zhiyu , Liu Wenzhong , Xiao Shudong , Gu Weiqi , Lu Hong 
Published: November 2009

AbstractBACKGROUND:Poor expression of microRNAs (miRs) reportedly plays an important role in gastric carcinogenesis. Large‐scale microarray assays have indicated that there is significant down‐regulation of miR‐218 in gastric cancer. miR‐218 also was decreased specifically in human papillomavirus‐positive cell lines, cervical lesions, and cervical cancer tissues and in bronchial airway epithelium in smokers. However, its role in carcinogenesis remains unclear, especially in Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori)‐associated gastric cancer.METHODS:miR‐218 levels were evaluated in 20 noncardia gastric cancer tissues, in 10 H. pylori‐infected and 8 uninfected normal gastric biopsies, and in the human gastric epithelial cancer cell line AGS using TaqMan quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction analysis. Pre‐miR‐218 and anti‐miR‐218 inhibitors were used to examine the effects of miR‐218 expression on cell proliferation and apoptosis. A luciferase reporter assay was used to examine the potential target genes and related pathways.RESULTS:miR‐218 expression was reduced significantly in gastric cancer tissues, in H. pylori‐infected gastric mucosa, and in H. pylori‐infected AGS cells. Overexpression of miR‐218 inhibited cell proliferation and increased apoptosis in vitro. Epidermal growth factor receptor‐coamplified and overexpressed protein (ECOP), which regulates nuclear factor kappa B (NF‐κB) transcriptional activity and is associated with apoptotic response, was a direct target of miR‐218. Overexpression of miR‐218 also inhibited NF‐κB transcriptional activation and transcription of cyclooxygenase ‐2, a proliferative gene regulated by NF‐κB.CONCLUSIONS:H. pylori infection resulted in a decrease in miR‐218 expression. The down‐regulation of miR‐218 has the potential to increase carcinogenesis by losing control of its targets, and it may be correlated with the high transcriptional activity of NF‐κB that results from H. pylori infection. Cancer 2010. © 2010 American Cancer Society.
Solvothermal Synthesis and Characterization of Hierarchically Nanostructured Hydroxyapatite Hollow Spheres
Authors: Ma Ming‐Guo , Zhu Jie‐Fang 
Published: November 2009

AbstractHierarchically nanostructured hydroxyapatite (HA) hollow spheres assembled from nanorods have been successfully synthesized using CaCl2, NaH2PO4, and potassium sodium tartrate via a solvothermal method at 200 °C for 24 h in water/N,N‐dimethylformamide (DMF) mixed solvents. The ratio of water to DMF plays a key role in the formation of hierarchically nanostructured HA hollow spheres. The potassium sodium tartrate was used as a chelating ligand and a template molecule in the synthesis and self‐assembly of HA nanorods. The products were characterized by X‐ray powder diffraction, and field‐emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), transmission electron microscopy, high‐resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectra (EDS), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET), and Fourier transform infrared spectrometry. FESEM and TEM images indicated that hollow spheres of about 3.6 μm in diameter were built by HA nanorods. On the basis of experimental results, a possible formation mechanism of these hierarchically nanostructured HA hollow spheres in the growth processes was proposed. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2009)
Synthesis of Rotationally Restricted and Modular Biphenyl Building Blocks
Authors: Vonlanthen David , Rotzler Jürgen , Neuburger Markus , Mayor Marcel 
Published: November 2009

AbstractA series of modular biphenyl building blocks with stepwise adjusted torsion angles and terminally functionalized with leaving groups have been synthesized. The two phenyl rings of the biphenyl synthon are clamped by alkyl chains of various lengths. The desired building blocks 3 and 4 were obtained by copper‐mediated C–C biaryl coupling reactions followed by the construction of interlinking alkyl bridges. The key intermediates 14 and 15 were transformed into the corresponding cycloheptadienones 16 and 17, which were reduced to the desired propyl‐bridged biphenyls 3b and 3c. The butyl‐bridged derivatives 4b and 4c were obtained from 14 and 15 by an allylation reaction followed by ring‐closing metathesis (RCM) and hydrogenation. The pentyl chain in precursor 24 was obtained by two aldol C–C bond‐forming reactions followed by a sequence of reduction steps. It was subsequently cyclized in an aryl–aryl coupling reaction to the pentyl‐bridged biphenyl 26 along with the macrocyclic dimer 25. The UV absorption spectra of the acetylsulfanyl‐functionalized series 1a–8a were recorded and analyzed: A linear correlation between the conjugation band in the UV absorption spectra and the cos2 Φ values (Φ is the interplanar torsion angle) is observed.
Highly Efficient Fluorine‐Promoted Intramolecular Condensation of Benzo[c]phenanthrene: A New Prospective on Direct Fullerene Synthesis
Authors: Amsharov Konstantin Yu. , Kabdulov Mikhail A. , Jansen Martin 
Published: November 2009

AbstractVarious functional groups have been tested as alternative promoters of the intramolecular condensation of benzo[c]phenanthrene under flash vacuum pyrolysis conditions. Methyl and fluorine functionalization were found to be promising approaches. Unexpectedly high selectivity was observed in the cyclization of fluorinated benzo[c]phenanthrenes. The mechanism for the condensation reaction and the advantages of fluorine as a promoter for the rational synthesis of fullerenes are discussed.(© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2009)
Determination of isocyanates by capillary electrophoresis with tris(2,2′‐bipyridine)ruthenium(II) electrochemiluminescence
Authors: Li Haijuan , Shi Lihong , Liu Xiaoqing , Niu Wenxin , Xu Guobao 
Published: November 2009

AbstractCE with tris(2,2′‐bipyridyl) ruthenium(II) (Ru(bpy)32+) electrochemiluminescence (ECL) detection for the quantitative determination of isocyanates was first reported. Hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI) and hexyl isocyanate (HI) were used as the model analytes. Commercially available N,N‐diethyl‐N′‐methylethylenediamine was used as the derivatization reagent. It has both a secondary amine group and a tertiary amine group. The secondary amine group can quantitatively react with isocyanate group, and the tertiary amine group can react with Ru(bpy)32+ to produce strong ECL signal for sensitive detection. The derivatization reaction was almost instantaneous and is much faster than other reported derivative reactions using other derivative reagents. The urea formed was stable. Linear calibration curve was obtained in the range from 0.01 to 10 μM for HDI, and 0.02 to 20 μM for hexyl isocyanate (HI). The detection limit is 0.01 μM for HDI and 0.02 μM for HI. The method is more sensitive than UV‐detection and electrochemical detection. For practical application, recovery higher than 90% for HDI and HI was obtained for foam sample.
Monolithic silica capillary columns with immobilized cellulose tris(3,5‐dimethylphenylcarbamate) for enantiomer separations in CEC
Authors: He Chiyang , Hendrickx Ans , Mangelings Debby , Smeyers‐Verbeke Johanna , Vander Heyden Yvan 
Published: November 2009

AbstractTwo types of monolithic silica capillary columns with an immobilized cellulose tris(3,5‐dimethylphenylcarbamate) (CDMPC) selector were prepared for enantiomer separations in CEC. The monolithic columns were prepared by a sol‐gel process in fused‐silica capillaries. CDMPC was then either immobilized on a silica monolith through an intermolecular polycondensation of the cellulose derivative containing a triethoxysilyl group, or on a vinylized silica monolith through radical copolymerization of the cellulose derivative, which also contained a vinyl group. IR spectra confirmed the successful immobilization of CDMPC on both columns. Eleven chiral compounds were used to evaluate the enantioselectivity on both column types. Results indicated that the columns obtained via polycondensation had higher separation ability than those obtained via radical polymerization, and that they showed satisfactory run‐to‐run repeatability and stability. These new techniques thus provide strategies for preparing immobilized polysaccharide‐based chiral silica monolithic capillary columns for chiral separations by means of CEC.
A new approach for the computation of harmonics and interharmonics produced by AC/DC/AC conversion systems with PWM inverters
Authors: Langella Roberto , Sollazzo Adolfo , Testa Alfredo 
Published: November 2009

AbstractThe computation of harmonics and interharmonics produced by AC/DC/AC conversion systems with PWM inverters is considered, and a new approach is presented. Basically, a new inverter model is introduced that is based on the modulation function theory and is able to take into account the voltage ripple at the inverter input terminals. A rectifier model that was previously proposed and the new inverter model are first used in the framework of a direct injection procedure and, then, in an iterative harmonic and interharmonic analysis. The proposed model can be applied successfully to adjustable speed drives for asynchronous motors, achieving better modeling accuracy with respect to approaches based on simplified inverter modeling. They also allow a sensible reduction of computational burden with respect to the time‐domain models. For this reason, they constitute an attractive tool inside Monte Carlo simulations for probabilistic analyses of harmonic and interharmonic distortion. Numerical experiments demonstrate the good performance of the proposed models and the need to account for the presence of interharmonics for high‐power PWM drives. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Predictors of complications in therapeutic plasma exchange
Authors: Bramlage Carsten P. , Schröder Katharina , Bramlage Peter , Ahrens Katharina , Zapf Antonia , Müller Gerhard Anton , Koziolek Michael J. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractPlasma exchange (PE) is used for blood purification to modulate proteins involved in pathological processes. As the number of patients receiving PE treatment and the heterogeneity of the underlying diseases is steadily increasing, we evaluated the most frequent complications and analyzed causes leading to adverse reactions. 883 PE procedures in 113 patients between the years 2000 to 2006 were retrospectively analyzed with respect to complications. Additionally, underlying diseases and settings of PE procedure were analyzed to identify high‐risk patients and respective PE settings. A total of 226 adverse reactions were recorded (25.6% of all PE procedures). Most complications were mild (n = 121, 13.7%) or moderate (n = 98, 11.0%). In seven cases (n = 7, 0.7%), severe, life‐threatening adverse events were induced by PE either due to severe allergic reactions (n = 4, 0.5%) or to sepsis (n = 3, 0.3%). Patients with neurologic diseases had a significantly higher risk to develop complications compared to those with internal diseases (P = 0.013). This was due to a higher rate of PE associated adverse events (in particular hypotension) and complications associated with vascular access. Among patients from internal medicine those with hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) and thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) had the highest risk to develop complications. Patients with neurological diseases compared to those with medical conditions and patients with HUS/TTP compared to those with other diseases had a higher risk to develop complications. However, severe adverse events are rare. Thus, PE seems to be a safe and recommendable procedure. J. Clin. Apheresis, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Is antiquitin a mitochondrial Enzyme?
Authors: Wong Judy Wei‐Yan , Chan Chi‐Lung , Tang Wai‐Kwan , Cheng Christopher Hon‐Ki , Fong Wing‐Ping 
Published: November 2009

AbstractAntiquitin is an aldehyde dehydrogenase involved in the catabolism of lysine. Mutations of antiquitin have been linked with the disease pyridoxine‐dependent seizures. While it is well established that lysine metabolism takes place in the mitochondrial matrix, evidence for the mitochondrial localization of antiquitin has been lacking. In the present study, the subcellular localization of antiquitin was investigated using human embryonic kidney HEK293 cells. Three different approaches were used. First, confocal microscopic analysis was carried out on cells transiently transfected with fusion constructs containing enhanced green fluorescent protein with different lengths of antiquitin based on the different potential start codons of translation. Second, immunofluorescence staining was used to detect the localization of antiquitin directly in the cells. Third, subcellular fractionation was carried out and the individual fraction was analyzed for the presence of antiquitin by Western blot and flow cytometric analyses. All the results showed that antiquitin was present not only in the cytosol but also in the mitochondria. J. Cell. Biochem. 109: 74–81, 2010. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Mechanistic and kinetic investigations of N2H4+ OH reaction
Authors: Tang Yizhen , Sun Jingyu , Jia Xiujuan , Sun Hao , Pan Xiumei , Wang Rongshun 
Published: November 2009

AbstractThe reaction of N2H4with OH has been investigated by quantum chemical methods. The results show that hydrogen abstraction mechanism is more feasible than substitution mechanism thermodynamically. The calculated rate constants agree with the available experimental data. The calculated results show that the variational effect is small at lower temperature region, while it becomes significant at higher temperature region. On the other hand, the small‐curvature tunneling effect may play an important role in the temperature range 220−3000 K. Moreover, the calculated rate constants show negative temperature dependence at the temperatures below 500 K, which is in accordance with Vaghjiani's report that slightly negative temperature dependence is found over the temperature range of 258−637 K. The mechanism of the major product (N2H3) with OH has also been investigated theoretically to understand the title reaction thoroughly. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Chem, 2010