bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Use of Service Dogs as an Adaptive Strategy: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Camp Mary Michelle 
Published: September 2010

Abstract
Objective. The purpose of this study was to describe, qualitatively, the use of service dogs by persons with physical disabilities and the meaning of this experience.
Method. Five service dog owners were observed and interviewed on multiple occasions through an ethnographic approach.
Results. Identified themes were increased community participation, “closer than family,” increased social contact, personal skill development, having fun, responsibility, adjustment, challenges, independence, “someone to watch over me,” and “ feel like an able-bodied person.”
Conclusion. Service dogs are used to enhance independence in occupational performance areas and contribute to improvements in psychosocial functioning. Given these benefits, service dogs could be viewed as a form of assistive technology that occupational therapists may want to consider as an alternative to traditional devices for some clients.
The Relationship Between the Evaluation Tool of Children’s Handwriting and Teachers’ Perceptions of Handwriting Legibility
Authors: Sudsawad Pimjai , Trombly Catherine A. , Henderson Anne , Tickle-Degnen Linda 
Published: September 2010

Abstract
Objective. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between the Evaluation Tool of Children’s Handwriting (ETCH) and teacher’s perception of hand-writing legibility.
Methods. The ETCH was administered to 45 first-grade students with illegible handwriting as reported by their teachers. The teachers completed a teacher’s questionnaire at the same time to indicate the children’s level of handwriting difficulties both in general and in specific tasks that resemble the test tasks of the ETCH.
Results. There was no significant relationship between the ETCH scores and the teacher questionnaire scores in either general legibility or task-specific legibility.
Conclusion. The ecological validity of the ETCH, in reference to the teachers’ perception of handwriting legibility, was not established. Further changes for scoring criteria may be warranted before the ETCH can be used with confidence that the scores obtained are meaningfully related to actual performance in the classroom as determined by teachers.
Use of the UFOV to Evaluate and Retrain Visual Attention Skills in Clients With Stroke: A Pilot Study
Authors: Mazer Barbara L. , Sofer Susan , Korner-Bitensky Nicol , Gelinas Isabelle 
Published: September 2010

Abstract
Objective. The objective of this pilot study was to examine the use of a visual attention analyzer in the evaluation and retraining of useful field of view in clients with stroke.
Method. Fifty-two clients with stroke referred to a driving evaluation service were evaluated with a visual attention analyzer referred to as the UFOV. The UFOV assesses three aspects of visual attention: processing speed, divided attention, and selective attention. Seven participants were retested to determine the test–retest reliability of the UFOV. Six participated in the development of a training protocol and in a 20-session visual attention retraining program.
Results. UFOV scores indicated substantial reduction in visual attention in clients after stroke, with older participants performing the most poorly. Test–retest reliability was moderate (ICC = .70). Mean UFOV scores improved significantly after retraining.
Conclusion. Although UFOV scores indicated poor visual attention skills in clients with stroke, preliminary information suggests that UFOV scores significantly improve with training.
Rethinking the Use of the Hogan Empathy Scale: A Critical Psychometric Analysis
Authors: Froman Robin D. , Peloquin Suzanne M. 
Published: September 2010

Abstract
Objective. The purpose of this research was to study the stability, internal consistency, factor structure, and convergent and discriminate validity of the Hogan Empathy Scale (EM) when used longitudinally with occupational therapy students.
Method. More than 300 occupational therapy students completed the EM once; 192 completed it twice over a 12-month interval; and 56 completed a third administration at intervals ranging from 3 years to 6 years. The Fieldwork Performance Evaluation (FWPE) was rated twice for students after fieldwork rotations in the occupational therapy program. Data on grade-point average, gender, and age were collected.
Results. Stability was estimated at .41 over a 12-month interval and from .30 to .38 over longer intervals. Internal consistency was estimated at .57, and factor structures hypothesized previously were not replicable. Students’ biographical variables explained only trivial amounts of variance in EM scores in regression equations (R = .08 and .21). Correlations between EM and FWPE scores did not support convergent validity (r = −.01–.18).
Conclusion. The reliability estimates for the EM as a measure of a trait-like construct are not encouraging and do not replicate previous estimates. Validity evidence was equally disappointing, raising questions about what the EM is measuring and cautioning against its continued, uncritical use as a measure of empathy.
The Clinical Reasoning of an Occupational Therapy Assistant
Authors: Lyons Kathleen Doyle , Crepeau Elizabeth Blesedell 
Published: September 2010

Abstract
This qualitative case study focused on the clinical reasoning of a certified occupational therapy assistant who had 16 years of practice experience. Observation and interview methods were used to collect data. Transcripts and field notes were coded using a priori codes of the forms of clinical reasoning of occupational therapists identified in published research. The study participant demonstrated the use of pragmatic, procedural, interactive, conditional, and narrative reasoning. We encourage further research to support these findings and to increase the understanding of the forms of clinical reasoning used by occupational therapy assistants.
Effects of a Weighted Vest on Attention to Task and Self-Stimulatory Behaviors in Preschoolers With Pervasive Developmental Disorders
Authors: Fertel-Daly Doreen , Bedell Gary , Hinojosa Jim 
Published: September 2010

Abstract
Objective. This study examined the effectiveness of using a weighted vest for increasing attention to a fine motor task and decreasing self-stimulatory behaviors in preschool children with pervasive developmental disorders (PDD).
Method. Using an ABA single-subject design, the duration of attention to task and self- stimulatory behaviors and the number of distractions were measured in five preschool children with PDD over a period of 6 weeks.
Results. During the intervention phase, all participants displayed a decrease in the number of distractions and an increase in the duration of focused attention while wearing the weighted vest. All but 1 participant demonstrated a decrease in the duration of self-stimulatory behaviors while wearing a weighted vest; however, the type of self-stimulatory behaviors changed and became less selfabusive for this child while she wore the vest. During the intervention withdrawal phase, 3 participants experienced an increase in the duration of self-stimulatory behaviors, and all participants experienced an increase in the number of distractions and a decrease in the duration of focused attention. The increase or decrease, however, never returned to baseline levels for these behaviors.
Conclusion. The findings suggest that for these 5 children with PDD, the use of a weighted vest resulted in an increase in attention to task and decrease in self-stimulatory behaviors. The most consistent improvement observed was the decreased number of distractions. Additional research is necessary to build consensus about the effectiveness of wearing a weighted vest to increase attention to task and decrease self-stimulatory behaviors for children with PDD.
Categorization and Deductive Reasoning: Predictors of Instrumental Activities of Daily Living Performance in Adults With Brain Injury
Authors: Goverover Yael , Hinojosa Jim 
Published: September 2010

Abstract
OBJECTIVE. The purpose of this study was to examine the predictive relationship of categorization and deductive reasoning abilities to performance of instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) among adults with brain injury.
METHOD. A correlational research design was used to examine the performance of 19 patients from a neurosurgery acute care unit on Toglia’s Category Assessment (TCA), the Deductive Reasoning test (DR), and the Observed Tasks of Daily Living–Revised.
RESULTS. Multiple regression analysis indicated that categorization and deductive reasoning accounted for a significant proportion of the variance in IADL performance scores, with deductive reasoning making the greater contribution. Demographic characteristics such as age and education reduced the power of the previous variables, especially of the categorization.
CONCLUSION. The results of this study indicate that assessments of categorization and deductive reasoning abilities of persons with brain injury may be good predictors of IADL functional performance. Results support the use of the TCA and DR as quick measures of a person’s cognitive and functional abilities. Furthermore, this study provides preliminary results to support that categorization and deductive reasoning abilities are fundamental for the performance of IADL skills.
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Traumatic Hand Injuries: A Neuro-Occupational View
Authors: Lohman Helene , Royeen Charlotte 
Published: September 2010

Abstract
Using the clinical phenomenon of posttraumatic stress disorder related to traumatic hand injuries, this article conceptually explores the theoretical construct of neuro-occupation on the basis of these conditions. Neuro-occupation is an evolving concept that combines knowledge and understanding of occupation with knowledge and understanding of how the human brain functions in environmental context; thus, the concept is important to the core of occupational therapy practice. The first section of the article introduces the concept of neuro-occupation; the second provides an overview of posttraumatic stress disorder and traumatic hand injury. To help therapists better understand behavior seen in clinical settings, the third section presents key neuro-occupational processes pertaining to posttraumatic stress disorder, using clinical application examples. Finally, a query about the value of neuro-occupation as a developing theoretical construct is put forth.
Sensory Processing Correlates of Occupational Performance in Children With Fragile X Syndrome: Preliminary Findings
Authors: Baranek Grace T. , Chin Yuki H. , Hess Laura M. Greiss , Yankee Jann G. , Hatton Deborah D. , Hooper Stephen R. 
Published: September 2010

Abstract
OBJECTIVES. This preliminary study examined sensory processing and its relationship to occupational performance in children with fragile X syndrome (FXS) to guide research and evidence-based practice.
METHOD. Fifteen school-aged boys with full-mutation FXS were assessed with three occupational performance measures (School Function Assessment, Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales, play duration) and three sensory processing measures (Sensory Profile, Tactile Defensiveness and Discrimination Test–Revised, Sensory Approach–Avoidance Rating). Data were analyzed using partial correlation procedures.
RESULTS. Several significant correlations were found, independent of effects of age and IQ. Avoidance of sensory experiences (internally controlled) was associated with lower levels of school participation, self-care, and play. Aversion to touch from externally controlled sources was associated with a trend toward greater independence in self-care—opposite of expectations.
CONCLUSION. This study links sensory processing vulnerabilities with individual differences in occupational performance and supports a dynamic view of self-organizing systems. Children’s uses of avoidant versus independent behaviors may reflect different self-regulatory or coping strategies that potentially mediate the relationship between sensory processing deficits and occupational behaviors and warrant further investigation.
Generating a Valid Questionnaire Translation for Cross-Cultural Use
Authors: Su Chia-Ting , Parham L. Diane 
Published: September 2010

Abstract
Occupational therapists who are interested in exporting occupational science concepts or occupational therapy practice principles to different cultural groups often encounter problems surrounding the translation of information from one language to another. The case example presented in this article illustrates how one might go about generating a valid translation of a questionnaire with the use of current cross-cultural research guidelines for the translation process. Issues surrounding cultural relevance and linguistic meaning are of central concern in the translation process.
Spanish Translation of the Role Checklist
Authors: Colón Hector , Haertlein Carol 
Published: September 2010

Abstract
OBJECTIVE. The purpose of this study was to create a Spanish version of the Role Checklist that is content valid and reliable and to demonstrate usefulness of a translation method.
METHOD. A modified version of the translation method of Hachey, Jumoorty, and Mercier was used to translate the English Role Checklist into Spanish. The English and Spanish versions were then evaluated for test–retest reliability at a 2-week interval, using 14 bilingual college students.
RESULTS. The intralanguage correlation was .907 for Part I and .798 for Part II.
CONCLUSION. A content valid and reliable Spanish version of the Role Checklist was created, using replicable translation methods.
Photoluminescence Properties of a Nearly Intrinsic Single InN Nanowire
Authors: Chang Yi‐Lu , Mi Zetian , Li Feng 
Published: September 2010

AbstractIn this paper, the achievement of nearly intrinsic InN nanowire is reported. With the use of an in situ deposited In seeding layer, nearly defect‐free, non‐tapered InN nanowires are grown directly on Si(111) substrates by molecular beam epitaxy. The photoluminescence emission of a single InN nanowire is analyzed, which exhibits, for the first time, a very narrow (∼13 meV) spectral linewidth, a clear band filling effect with the increase of excitation power, and a significant red shift of the peak energy with increasing temperature. Detailed analysis confirms the InN nanowire has a very low residual doping of ∼1 × 1016 cm−3, or less. It is further suggested that there is a small, or negligible level of electron accumulation at the lateral nonpolar surfaces of nearly intrinsic InN nanowires, which is in direct contrast to the commonly observed surface electron accumulation of n‐type degenerate InN.
Enhanced Dye Fluorescence in Novel Dye–ZnO Nanocomposites
Authors: Zhang Jianhui , Thurber Aaron , Tenne Dmitri A. , Rasmussen John W. , Wingett Denise , Hanna Charles , Punnoose Alex 
Published: September 2010

AbstractNew fluorescein isothiocyanate/fluorescein/rhodamine B‐doped ZnO composite nanostructures including tripods, tubes, and rods with tuned sizes have been designed and synthesized to greatly enhance the dye fluorescence up to ∼90 fold. The great fluorescence enhancement mainly arises from the interaction between Zn2+ ions in the ZnO matrix and the dye carbonyl group. The refraction index difference between ZnO and the dyes used here and the segregation of the dye molecules by the ZnO matrix only slightly contribute to the fluorescence enhancement. The control pure ZnO sample has no emission in the dye fluorescence range (500–650 nm) and excludes the possible contribution of the ZnO emission and the relevant energy transfer between the dye and ZnO to the fluorescence enhancement. These composites with the new fluorescence enhancement mechanism not only facilitate dye applications such as medical diagnostics and biotechnology, but also supply a novel and general approach to improve the fluorescence of organic dyes with carbonyl group by doping them into metal oxides.
Self‐Assembled Photonic Structures
Authors: Galisteo‐López Juan F. , Ibisate Marta , Sapienza Riccardo , Froufe‐Pérez Luis S. , Blanco Álvaro , López Cefe 
Published: September 2010

AbstractPhotonic crystals have proven their potential and are nowadays a familiar concept. They have been approached from many scientific and technological flanks. Among the many techniques devised to implement this technology self‐assembly has always been one of great popularity surely due to its ease of access and the richness of results offered. Self‐assembly is also probably the approach entailing more materials aspects owing to the fact that they lend themselves to be fabricated by a great many, very different methods on a vast variety of materials and to multiple purposes. To these well‐known material systems a new sibling has been born (photonic glass) expanding the paradigm of optical materials inspired by solid state physics crystal concept. It is expected that they may become an important player in the near future not only because they complement the properties of photonic crystals but because they entice the researchers’ curiosity. In this review a panorama is presented of the state of the art in this field with the view to serve a broad community concerned with materials aspects of photonic structures and more so those interested in self‐assembly.
Recent Progress on ZnO‐Based Metal‐Semiconductor Field‐Effect Transistors and Their Application in Transparent Integrated Circuits
Authors: Frenzel Heiko , Lajn Alexander , von Wenckstern Holger , Lorenz Michael , Schein Friedrich , Zhang Zhipeng , Grundmann Marius 
Published: September 2010

AbstractMetal‐semiconductor field‐effect transistors (MESFETs) are widely known from opaque high‐speed GaAs or high‐power SiC and GaN technology. For the emerging field of transparent electronics, only metal‐insulator‐semiconductor field‐effect transistors (MISFETs) were considered so far. This article reviews the progress of high‐performance MESFETs in oxide electronics and reflects the recent advances of this technique towards transparent MESFET circuitry. We discuss design prospects as well as limitations regarding device performance, reliability and stability. The presented ZnO‐based MESFETs and inverters have superior properties compared to MISFETs, i.e., high channel mobilities and on/off‐ratios, high gain, and low uncertainty level at comparatively low operating voltages. This makes them a promising approach for future low‐cost transparent electronics.
Divergent patrilineal signals in three Roma populations
Authors: Regueiro Maria , Stanojevic Aleksandar , Chennakrishnaiah Shilpa , Rivera Luis , Varljen Tatjana , Alempijevic Djordje , Stojkovic Oliver , Simms Tanya , Gayden Tenzin , Herrera Rene J. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractPrevious studies have revealed that the European Roma share close genetic, linguistic and cultural similarities with Indian populations despite their disparate geographical locations and divergent demographic histories. In this study, we report for the first time Y‐chromosome distributions in three Roma collections residing in Belgrade, Vojvodina and Kosovo. Eighty‐eight Y‐chromosomes were typed for 14 SNPs and 17 STRs. The data were subsequently utilized for phylogenetic comparisons to pertinent reference collections available from the literature. Our results illustrate that the most notable difference among the three Roma populations is in their opposing distributions of haplogroups H and E. Although the Kosovo and Belgrade samples exhibit elevated levels of the Indian‐specific haplogroup H‐M69, the Vojvodina collection is characterized almost exclusively by haplogroup E‐M35 derivatives, most likely the result of subsequent admixture events with surrounding European populations. Overall, the available data from Romani groups points to different levels of gene flow from local populations. Am J Phys Anthropol, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Synthesis, spectral characterization, CC coupling, oxidation reactions and antibacterial activities of new ruthenium(III) Schiff base complexes
Authors: Manimaran Arumugam , Chinnusamy Vaiyapuri , Jayabalakrishnan Chinnasamy 
Published: September 2010

AbstractA new series of hexa‐coordinated stable Ru(III) Schiff base complexes of the type [RuX(EPh3)(L)] (where X = Cl/Br; E = P/As; L = tetradentate N2O2 donor Schiff ligands) have been synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, magnetic susceptibility measurement, FT‐IR, UV–vis, 13C{1H}‐NMR, ESR spectra, electrochemical and powder X‐ray diffraction pattern studies. The selective oxidation of alcohols to their corresponding carbonyl compounds occurred in the presence of N‐methylmorpholin‐N‐oxide (NMO), H2O2 and O2 atmosphere at ambient temperature as co‐oxidants and CC coupling reactions. Further, these new Schiff base ligands and their Ru(III) complexes were also screened for their antibacterial activity against K. pneumoniae, Shigella sp., M. luteus, E. coli and S. typhi. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Bioethanol production from acid‐pretreated rice hull
Authors: Moon Hee Cheon , Re Jeong Hong , Kim Du Hyun 
Published: September 2010

ABSTRACTEthanol for fuel uses is normally produced from sugar‐ and starch‐containing crops, which are expensive raw materials and require the consumption of traditional food sources. Rice hull, an abundant agricultural waste, consists of 32.3 ± 0.5% glucan and 13.0 ± 1.3% xylan (dry weight) and has the potential for use as a low‐cost feedstock in ethanol production. Processing challenges need to be addressed in order to achieve commercial rice hull conversion to fermentable sugars. In the present study, the effect of various acid‐to‐biomass ratios and impregnation and hydrolysis durations was evaluated from glucan and xylan conversion yields of rice hull to monomeric sugars and the production of fermentation inhibitors. Additionally, the effect of the inhibitors, 5‐hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF), furfural, and acetic acid, on fermentability by Saccharomyces cerevisiae was evaluated by the comparison between fermentation parameters of rice‐hull hydrolysate and a reference medium. Under optimal conditions of acid pretreatment (2:1 of acid‐to‐biomass ratio, 5‐h impregnation, and 2‐h hydrolysis), high glucan and xylan conversion yields of 92 and 95% were achieved, respectively. Extreme acidity and increased retention time under high temperature were the most important factors influencing the degradation of glucose and xylose, increasing HMF and furfural concentrations, respectively. Although rice‐hull hydrolysate was sufficient for ethanol production, the presence of inhibitors in rice‐hull hydrolysate decreased the specific growth rate and cell growth of S. cerevisiae, and the ethanol yield (0.47 g‐ethanol/g‐glucose) of rice‐hull hydrolysate was slightly lower than that of the reference medium (0.49 g/g). These results confirm that rice hull is a promising and alternative biomass for ethanol production by means of the acid impregnation and hydrolysis technique. The data obtained can be used for the design of an acid hydrolysis reactor for lignocellulosic biomass. Copyright © 2010 Curtin University of Technology and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.