bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enhancing spectrum sensing efficiency in multi‐channel cognitive device‐to‐device networks: Medium Access Control layer strategies and analysis
Authors: Khan Irfan Latif , Iqbal Adeel , Nauman Ali , Jamshed Muhammad Ali , Shakeel Atif , Hussain Riaz , Rashid Adnan , Pecorella Tommaso 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe detection and characterisation of electromagnetic signals within a specific frequency range, known as spectrum sensing, plays a crucial role in Cognitive Radio Networks (CRNs). The CRNs aim to adapt their communication parameters to the surrounding radio environment, thereby improving the efficiency and utilisation of the available radio spectrum. Spectrum sensing is particularly important in device‐to‐device (D2D) communication when operating independently of the cellular network infrastructure. The Medium Access Control (MAC) protocol coordinates device communication and ensures interference‐free operation of the CRN coexisting with the primary cellular network. A spectrum sensing strategy at the MAC layer for cognitive D2D communication. The strategy focuses on reducing the overall sensing period allocated at the MAC layer by having each Cognitive D2D User (cD2DU) sense a smaller subset of available channels while maintaining the same sensing time for cellular user detection at the physical layer. To achieve this, the concept of concurrent groups of D2D devices is introduced in proximity, which are formed by using unique IDs of cD2DUs during the device discovery stage. Each concurrent group senses a specific portion of the cellular user band in a shorter time, resulting in a reduced overall sensing period. In addition to mitigating traffic congestion through data diversion from the cellular network, the proposed strategy facilitates the concurrent sensing of multiple channels by cD2DUs within the underutilised cellular user band. This leads to extended data transmission periods, increased network throughput, and effective offloading of the cellular network. The effectiveness of the proposed work is evaluated by considering factors, such as network throughput and transmission time. Simulation results confirm the effectiveness of the approach in improving spectrum utilisation and communication efficiency in multi‐channel Cognitive D2D Networks (cD2DNs).
Photon-counting detector CT – first experiences in the field of musculoskeletal radiology
Authors: Bette Stefanie , Risch Franka , Becker Judith , Popp Daniel , Decker Josua A. , Kaufmann David , Friedrich Lena , Scheurig-Münkler Christian , Schwarz Florian , Kröncke Thomas J 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe introduction of photon-counting detector CT (PCD-CT) marks a remarkable leap in innovation in CT imaging. The new detector technology allows X-rays to be converted directly into an electrical signal without an intermediate step via a scintillation layer and allows the energy of individual photons to be measured. Initial data show high spatial resolution, complete elimination of electronic noise, and steady availability of spectral image data sets. In particular, the new technology shows promise with respect to the imaging of osseous structures. Recently, PCD-CT was implemented in the clinical routine. The aim of this review was to summarize recent studies and to show our first experiences with photon-counting detector technology in the field of musculoskeletal radiology.We performed a literature search using Medline and included a total of 90 articles and reviews that covered recent experimental and clinical experiences with the new technology.In this review, we focus on (1) spatial resolution and delineation of fine anatomic structures, (2) reduction of radiation dose, (3) electronic noise, (4) techniques for metal artifact reduction, and (5) possibilities of spectral imaging. This article provides insight into our first experiences with photon-counting detector technology and shows results and images from experimental and clinical studies.Bette S, Risch F, Becker J et al. Photon-counting detector CT – first experiences in the field of musculoskeletal radiology. Fortschr Röntgenstr 2024; DOI 10.1055/a-2312-6914
Selective Use of Modern Cementless Total Knee Arthroplasty is Not Associated with Increased Risk of Revision in Patients Aged 65 or Greater: An Analysis from the American Joint Replacement Registry
Authors: Kagan Ryland , Pelt Christopher E. , Khanuja Harpal S. , Oni Julius K. , Zaniletti Isabella , De Ayushmita , Hegde Vishal 
Published: May 2024

AbstractModern highly porous surfaces have increased confidence and use of cementless total knee arthroplasty (TKA) in the United States. As cementless TKA use increases, there remains a paucity of literature regarding associated risk of revision in patients aged ≥65 years. We analyzed the American Joint Replacement Registry (AJRR) data from January 2012 to March 2020 identifying patients aged ≥65 years undergoing primary TKA with linked cases to supplemental centers for Medicare and Medicaid data. Patients with hybrid fixation, reverse hybrid fixation, missing component data, highly constrained implants, and stem extension/augmentation were excluded. We identified 442,745 cemented TKAs and 19,841 modern cementless TKAs with a minimum of 2-year follow-up. Cumulative incident function (CIF) curves and cause-specific Cox models evaluated the risk of all-cause revision and revision for mechanical loosening, adjusting for body mass index (BMI), sex, age, cruciate retaining (CR) versus posterior stabilized (PS) femoral design, patellar resurfacing, and Charlson's comorbidity index (CCI). Patients with cementless compared with cemented TKA were younger (mean age: 71.9 vs. 73.2 years, p < 0.001), more likely to be male sex (48.8 vs. 39.0%, p < 0.001), more likely to have a CR femoral design (81.1 vs. 45.7%, p < 0.001), less likely to have patellar resurfacing (92.7 vs. 95.0%, p < 0.001), and had a lower CCI (mean: 2.9 vs. 3.1, p < 0.001). Adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) showed no difference in associated risk for all-cause revision (HR: 1.07; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.92–1.24; p = 0.382) or revision for mechanical loosening (HR: 1.38; 95% CI: 0.9–2.12; p = 0.14) for cementless versus cemented TKA. Our results suggest that current selective use of cementless fixation for TKA in patients aged ≥65 years in the United States is not associated with an increased risk of revision. While encouraging, further study is necessary to establish indications for use in this age group prior to broader adoption in this patient population.
Level of Evidence Therapeutic Level III.
Leveraging Novel Clinical Decision Support to Improve Preferred Language Documentation in a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit
Authors: Mercado Osvaldo , Ruan Alex , Oluwalade Bolu , Devine Matthew , Gibbs Kathleen , Carr Leah 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background Recognition of the patient and family's diverse backgrounds and language preference is critical for communicating effectively. In our hospital's electronic health record, a patient or family's identified language for communication is documented in a discrete field known as “preferred language.” This field serves as an interdepartmental method to identify patients with a non-English preferred language, creating a bolded banner for non-English speakers easily identifiable by health care professionals. Despite the importance of documenting preferred language to facilitate equitable care, this field is often blank.
Objectives Using the Institute for Healthcare Improvement's Model for Improvement, our team sought to increase preferred language documentation within the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) from a baseline of 74% in September 2021 to above 90% within 6 months.
Methods A multidisciplinary team was assembled to address preferred language documentation. Our team incorporated guidance regarding preferred language documentation into a novel clinical decision support (CDS) tool aimed at addressing various safety and quality measures within the NICU. Our primary outcome metric was documentation of family's preferred language. Process measures included overall compliance with the CDS tool. A secondary outcome was the assessment of preferred language documentation accuracy.
Results The average rate of preferred language documentation increased from a baseline of 74 to 92% within 6 months and is currently sustained at 96%. Moreover, our follow-up assessments found that 100% of a random sample of contacted patients (n = 88) had their language preferences documented correctly. Overall compliance with the CDS tool remained at 85% throughout the project.
Conclusion Using a quality improvement framework coupled with a CDS initiative, our team was able to successfully and accurately improve preferred language documentation in our NICU. Future projects include strategies for more equitable care for patients with non-English preferences such as improved interpreter usage and discharge instructions in their preferred language.
Abdominal Fibromyxoid Sarcoma in Pregnancy: An Unusual Cause of Preterm Labor and Sepsis
Authors: Barger Abigail , Vishnia Maya , Hanna Marie , Horgan Rebecca , Martins Juliana 
Published: May 2024

AbstractCancer in pregnancy is rare, with incidence less than 1%, and the most common cancers being melanoma, breast, and cervical cancers. Fibromyxoid sarcoma is a soft tissue tumor involving deep soft tissues of the extremities and trunk, rarely located in the abdomen. A low-grade fibromyxoid sarcoma (LGFMS) falls in the family of fibrosarcoma. Only two cases of LGFMS in pregnancy have been reported. We report a case of abdominal LGFMS in pregnancy leading to preterm labor, sepsis, and an acute abdomen requiring surgery in the third trimester. A 19-year-old woman, gravida 1 at 32 weeks and 5 days presented to an outside hospital with preterm contractions and cervical effacement. She had a known abdominal mass, suspected to be accessory liver lobe, measuring 9.0 × 6.4 × 7.7 cm in the right upper quadrant. At 33 weeks of gestation, she developed fever and hypotension. Magnetic resonance imaging confirmed the presence of the mass, which was now on the left side of the abdomen and associated with a suspected abscess. She underwent cesarean delivery, and complete surgical resection of the mass along with a small bowel resection. Final pathology of the mass revealed a LGFMS. This case also highlights the need for a multidisciplinary approach to manage a rare presentation of sepsis and preterm labor in pregnancy.
The Landscape of Androgens in Cushing’s Syndrome
Authors: Nowotny Hanna F. , Braun Leah , Reisch Nicole 
Published: May 2024

AbstractHyperandrogenemia in patients with Cushing’s syndrome (CS) presents a diagnostic
pitfall due to its rare occurrence and overlapping symptoms with more common
conditions like polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). This review explores the
significance of androgen dysregulation in CS, focusing on both classical and
11-oxygenated androgens. While classical androgens contribute to
hyperandrogenism in CS, their levels alone do not fully account for clinical
symptoms. Recent research highlights the overlooked role of 11oxC19 androgens,
particularly 11OHA4 and 11KT, in driving hyperandrogenic manifestations across
all CS subtypes. These adrenal-specific and highly potent androgens offer stable
expression throughout the lifespan of a woman, serving as valuable diagnostic
biomarkers. Understanding their prominence not only aids in subtype
differentiation but also provides insights into the complex nature of androgen
dysregulation in CS. Recognizing the diagnostic potential of 11oxC19 androgens
promises to refine diagnostic approaches and improve clinical management
strategies for patients with CS.
Prenatally Diagnosed Congenital High Airway Obstruction Syndrome: Perinatal Management and Outcome—A Single Tertiary Care Center Experience
Authors: Malhotra Khushboo , Elayedatt Rinshi Abid , Mahajan Rahul Ashok , Krishnan Vivek 
Published: May 2024

AbstractTo report our experience with the management of prenatally diagnosed cases of congenital high airway obstruction syndrome (CHAOS) and the postnatal outcome of those who underwent an ex utero intrapartum treatment (EXIT) procedure. This is a single center, retrospective observational study of prenatally diagnosed CHAOS cases using two-dimensional ultrasound from December 2017 to December 2022 in a tertiary care facility. Of the total nine fetuses prenatally diagnosed with CHAOS, three (33.3%) were associated with multiple congenital anomalies, seven out of nine (77.8%) developed ascites, and one had fetal hydrops. Five (55.6%) underwent medical termination of pregnancy and two were lost to follow-up (22.2%). The remaining two continued pregnancy and required EXIT tracheostomy at the time of delivery (22.2%). Microarray was performed in both which was normal. Postnatally, both infants are tracheostomy dependent with one requiring frequent ventilator support. CHAOS even when isolated generally has poor prognosis without intervention. Performing an EXIT procedure at birth can significantly improve postnatal survival by minimizing hypoxic damage. However, the long-term medical and surgical challenges for survivors remain numerous especially speech disorders, even after lifesaving fetal intervention and surgical correction. Therefore, an accurate prenatal diagnosis is necessary to give the couple an option of continuing pregnancy after realistic counseling regarding the prognosis and postnatal outcome.
Pineal Apoplexy: Highlighting the Causes, Treatment, and Outcome
Authors: Atallah Oday , Chaurasia Bipin , Badary Amr , Maria Lucio De , Almealawy Yasser F. , Awuah Wireko Andrew , Moustafa Wahab , Ergen Anil , Fontanella Marco Maria 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background Pineal apoplexy, alternatively referred to as pineal hemorrhage or pineal gland hemorrhagic stroke, is an infrequent pathologic condition characterized by bleeding within the pineal gland. In this review, we encompass the primary factors contributing to this uncommon ailment.
Methods The retrieval of pertinent research, including patients with pineal apoplexy, was conducted through PubMed, Google Scholar, and Scopus databases. This study exclusively incorporated comprehensive articles written in the English language. The search encompassed the MeSH terms “pineal apoplexy” and “pineal hemorrhage.”
Results A total of 41 articles were identified, encompassing a collective sample size of 57 patients. The median age of the patients in the study was 30 years, with a range spanning from 1 to 73 years. There were 27 males, representing 47.4% of the participants. The study identified the most often reported symptoms as headache (49; 86%), nausea/vomiting (19; 33.3%), and Parinaud's syndrome (16; 28.1%). The treatment options encompass several approaches, including open resection, shunting, ventriculostomy, endoscopic aspiration, and conservative care. In the conducted study, a notable number of patients, amounting to 45 cases (78.9%), indicated an amelioration of their symptoms upon their discharge.
Conclusion Data from a cohort of 57 cases provide insights into symptoms, lesions, treatments, and outcomes. Management approaches range from conservative measures to surgical interventions, with prognosis hinged on timely intervention. This investigation serves as a valuable resource for clinicians and researchers, underscoring the need for early diagnosis before permanent neurologic dysfunction happens and tailored treatments for optimal outcomes in pineal apoplexy cases.
Comparison of the Results of Phalloplasty Using Radial Free Forearm Flap and Anterolateral Thigh in Iran from 2014 to 2019
Authors: Akhoondinasab Mohammad-Reza , Saraee Amir , Forghani Siamak-Farokh , Mousavi Ali , Shahrbaf Mohammad Amin 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Introduction Due to the worldwide growing number of transgender individuals openly identifying themselves, including in Iran, these individuals need more attention and support. This study compares patient satisfaction and quality of life after female-to-male gender confirmation surgery using an anterolateral thigh (ALT) flap and radial forearm free flap (RFFF).
Materials and Methods This study included 49 patients who underwent phalloplasty from 2014 to 2019 using two different methods. The two groups' outcomes and quality of life were investigated and compared 1 year after the operation.
Results The mean age of the patients in this study was 32.7 years. Among patients, 44.9% underwent revision operations, and 38.8% had residual protective sensations after 1 year. In terms of quality of life after surgery, the general shape of the phallus, cold and heat sensation, sense of touch, the body of glans and shaft, color and size of the phallus, sexual pleasure in patients and their partners, and the relationship between the number of anastomosed nerves and sexual satisfaction, there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups. The ALT group had statistically significantly higher rates of orgasms compared to the RFFF group.
Conclusion The outcomes of the two phalloplasty surgery methods (ALT and RFFF) are similar in different aspects, such as the quality of life.
Outcome Trajectories after Intracerebral Hemorrhage
Authors: Carhuapoma Lourdes , Murthy Santosh , Shah Vishank A. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractSpontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is the most morbid of all stroke types with a high early mortality and significant early disability burden. Traditionally, outcome assessments after ICH have mirrored those of acute ischemic stroke, with 3 months post-ICH being considered a standard time point in most clinical trials, observational studies, and clinical practice. At this time point, the majority of ICH survivors remain with moderate to severe functional disability. However, emerging data suggest that recovery after ICH occurs over a more protracted course and requires longer periods of follow-up, with more than 40% of ICH survivors with initial severe disability improving to partial or complete functional independence over 1 year. Multiple other domains of recovery impact ICH survivors including cognition, mood, and health-related quality of life, all of which remain under studied in ICH. To further complicate the picture, the most important driver of mortality after ICH is early withdrawal of life-sustaining therapies, before initiation of treatment and evaluating effects of prolonged supportive care, influenced by early pessimistic prognostication based on baseline severity factors and prognostication biases. Thus, our understanding of the true natural history of ICH recovery remains limited. This review summarizes the existing literature on outcome trajectories in functional and nonfunctional domains, describes limitations in current prognostication practices, and highlights areas of uncertainty that warrant further research.
Beyond probability-impact matrices in project risk management: A quantitative methodology for risk prioritisation
Authors: Acebes F. , González-Varona J. M. , López-Paredes A. , Pajares J. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe project managers who deal with risk management are often faced with the difficult task of determining the relative importance of the various sources of risk that affect the project. This prioritisation is crucial to direct management efforts to ensure higher project profitability. Risk matrices are widely recognised tools by academics and practitioners in various sectors to assess and rank risks according to their likelihood of occurrence and impact on project objectives. However, the existing literature highlights several limitations to use the risk matrix. In response to the weaknesses of its use, this paper proposes a novel approach for prioritising project risks. Monte Carlo Simulation (MCS) is used to perform a quantitative prioritisation of risks with the simulation software MCSimulRisk. Together with the definition of project activities, the simulation includes the identified risks by modelling their probability and impact on cost and duration. With this novel methodology, a quantitative assessment of the impact of each risk is provided, as measured by the effect that it would have on project duration and its total cost. This allows the differentiation of critical risks according to their impact on project duration, which may differ if cost is taken as a priority objective. This proposal is interesting for project managers because they will, on the one hand, know the absolute impact of each risk on their project duration and cost objectives and, on the other hand, be able to discriminate the impacts of each risk independently on the duration objective and the cost objective.
Temperature effects on the nanoscale thermoelastic response of a SiO2 membrane
Authors: Fainozzi Danny , Caporaletti Federico , Capotondi Flavio , De Angelis Dario , Duncan Ryan A. , Foglia Laura , Martinelli Alessandro , Mincigrucci Riccardo , Nelson Keith A. , Pedersoli Emanuele , Zanatta Marco , Maznev Alexei A. , Monaco Giulio , Bencivenga Filippo , Baldi Giacomo 
Published: May 2024

We crossed two femtosecond extreme ultraviolet (EUV) pulses on a 100 nm thick amorphous membrane of SiO2, generating transient gratings (TGs) of light intensity with 84 nm spatial periodicity. The EUV TG excitation gave rise to the efficient generation of Lamb waves (LWs) and of a temperature grating, whose dynamics was studied at two different initial sample temperatures, 50 and 300 K. The short penetration depth of the EUV excitation pulses turned into a strong non-uniformity in the actual temperature as a function of the depth from the sample surface. At the lowest temperature, the LW frequencies presented a sizable shift in time due to the thermal equilibration along the membrane thickness. The analysis of the EUV TG waveforms allowed us to determine the decay time of the thermal grating and the sound attenuation coefficient, both found in reasonable agreement with the literature. The results show how EUV TG can provide information of non-equilibrium thermoelastic dynamics in thin membranes transparent to optical radiation.
Two-dimensional grating metasurface for communication band under Littrow mounting
Authors: Zhu Xiaoqing , Wang Bo 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
For communication, it is important to reduce the polarization-independence loss, especially for the stereoscopic incidence. A two-dimensional (2D) grating with the cylindrical hole array is presented. The grating structure can achieve polarization-independent, high-efficiency and broadband output at the (−1, 0) diffraction order in the communication band. The novel metasurface achieves a diffraction efficiency of over 98% for both TE and TM polarizations at the (−1, 0) diffraction order. In addition, the (0, 0) diffraction order is well suppressed, resulting in extinction ratio of 43.89 and 46.18 dB for TE and TM polarization, respectively. In particular, the diffraction efficiency of the structure at the (−1, 0) order of magnitude under two polarizations exceeds 90% in the 1533–1561 nm bandwidth, which is a significant improvement over recently reported 2D gratings of the same type. Furthermore, the proposed structure has good incidence angle bandwidth and fabrication process tolerance, which ensures stable and efficient output in applications and fabrication. These results enrich the research on 2D gratings in the field of communication bands, and the designed grating has great potential for applications in spectroscopy, grating measurement and interferometry.