bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Eco‐anxiety among regional Australian youth with mental health problems: A qualitative study
Authors: Boyd Candice P. , Jamieson Julie , Gibson Kari , Duffy Michelle , Williamson Michelle , Parr Hester 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAimIn Australia, climate‐related disasters disproportionately affect rural, regional and remote young people with effects ranging from severe flooding and catastrophic fires to unbearable heat and yet most studies on eco‐anxiety are based on reports by urban youth who do not have direct experiences of such impacts. Furthermore, there is a dearth of research on how eco‐anxiety impacts those who already experience mental health problems. The present study aims to address this gap by focussing on the lived experiences of regional Australian youth with recent experience of climate‐related disasters alongside clinical insights from those involved in their care.MethodsTwo groups, a clinician and client group, were recruited through headspace Port Macquarie—a primary youth mental health service in a regional city of New South Wales, Australia. In all, 25 participants took part in focus group discussions, including 13 clinicians and 12 clients of the service. Clients and clinicians responded to a version of the same questions: (1) whether the effects of climate change impact on regional youth with mental health problems, (2) how young people cope with eco‐anxiety and (3) how regional communities can help young people cope with eco‐anxiety better. Group discussions were audio‐recorded and transcribed. Transcripts were analysed according to the principles of Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis using a team approach.ResultsThree dimensions of eco‐anxiety were identified by clinicians and clients—helplessness in the present, hopelessness about the future and acute stress and anxiety related to experiences of severe flooding and fires. Clinicians and clients also thought that a misalignment between young people and older generations, including government, was a source of eco‐anxiety and having a collective voice was seen as important for regional youth as was community support through social media sites. Clinicians thought that eco‐anxiety was ‘in the background’ for their clients, whereas the clients who participated were clearly experiencing eco‐anxiety. Whereas clinicians could identify potential coping strategies, clients could not.ConclusionsEco‐anxiety can be experienced by regional youth with mental health problems as both an acute response to natural hazards and a more sustained sense of hopelessness about the future. Impacts of acute anxiety and chronic hopelessness, with its associated depression risk, among young people with pre‐existing mental health problems warrants further investigation as this study suggests that it may exacerbate their existing conditions. Clinicians and clients in this region would benefit from specific training and resources related to the identification and treatment of eco‐anxiety. Future research on climate‐related mental health should be inclusive of the perspectives of those who have direct experience of climate‐related adverse events.
Cognitive disturbances basic symptoms in help‐seeking patients with borderline personality disorder: Characteristics and association with schizotypy
Authors: Gammino Lorenzo , Pelizza Lorenzo , Emiliani Roberta , D'Adda Francesca , Lupoli Pasqualino , Pellegrini Luca , Berardi Domenico , Menchetti Marco 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAimAlthough the presence of psychotic symptoms has been widely recognized in Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD), no study previously investigated cognitive Basic Symptoms (BS) and their clinical implications in patients with BPD.MethodsThis cross‐sectional study specifically examined the prevalence of COGDIS (cognitive disturbances) BS criteria in 93 help‐seeking outpatients with BPD by using the Schizophrenia Proneness Instrument‐Adult Version (SPI‐A). We then explored associations of COGDIS with personality traits, functioning and core psychopathological features of BPD.ResultsThe prevalence rates of COGDIS criterion were 62.4%. BPD patients meeting COGDIS criteria reported higher levels of schizotypal personality traits, dissociative experiences and work/social functional impairment compared to individuals without COGDIS criteria. Furthermore, the number of cognitive BSs showed a positive correlation with severity levels of schizotypy.ConclusionsCognitive BS are common in BPD. Cognitive disturbances are associated with schizotypal personality traits and specific clinical features. The presence of cognitive BSs may identify a more severe subgroup of patients with BPD, potentially vulnerable to psychotic symptoms and reliably identifiable through assessment of schizotypal traits.
Influence of residues from bioceramic sealer on the bond interface with universal adhesive in different application modes
Authors: Costa Joatan Lucas de Sousa Gomes , Barros Antonia Patricia Oliveira , Junior Adirson Jorge , Gelio Mariana Bena , Dantas Andréa Abi Rached , Kuga Milton Carlos 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis study evaluated the effect on adhesive layer thickness, bond strength, and adhesive failure pattern of the application of universal adhesive (Scotchbond Universal) using either manual or rotary brush in dentin previously impregnated with bioceramic sealer (Sealer Plus BC) using a manual brush, at 24 h and 1 year. Eighty‐eight bovine crowns were divided into four groups (n = 22) according to the intervention: (i) use of bioceramic sealer and adhesive application using manual brush, (ii) use of bioceramic sealer and adhesive application using rotary brush, (iii) use of resin sealer and adhesive application using manual brush, and (iv) use of resin sealer and adhesive application using rotary brush. Subsequently, specimens were restored with a composite resin (Filtek Z‐250). Adhesive layer thickness was evaluated using confocal microscopy. Bond strength was assessed using the microtensile bond strength test, and adhesive failure pattern was evaluated under a stereomicroscope. Data were analyzed using two‐way ANOVA/Tukey tests. Specimens where a rotary brush had been used exhibited lower adhesive layer thickness. Specimens treated with resin sealer and using a manual brush showed lower bond strength values and a higher occurrence of adhesive failures at 24 h and 1 year than specimens treated with bioceramic sealer and using rotary brush for adhesive application.
Detection of focal to bilateral tonic–clonic seizures using a connected shirt
Authors: Gharbi Oumayma , Lamrani Yassine , St‐Jean Jérôme , Jahani Amirhossein , Toffa Dènahin Hinnoutondji , Tran Thi Phuoc Yen , Robert Manon , Nguyen Dang Khoa , Bou Assi Elie 
Published: May 2024

AbstractObjectiveThis study was undertaken to develop and evaluate a machine learning‐based algorithm for the detection of focal to bilateral tonic–clonic seizures (FBTCS) using a novel multimodal connected shirt.MethodsWe prospectively recruited patients with epilepsy admitted to our epilepsy monitoring unit and asked them to wear the connected shirt while under simultaneous video‐electroencephalographic monitoring. Electrocardiographic (ECG) and accelerometric (ACC) signals recorded with the connected shirt were used for the development of the seizure detection algorithm. First, we used a sliding window to extract linear and nonlinear features from both ECG and ACC signals. Then, we trained an extreme gradient boosting algorithm (XGBoost) to detect FBTCS according to seizure onset and offset annotated by three board‐certified epileptologists. Finally, we applied a postprocessing step to regularize the classification output. A patientwise nested cross‐validation was implemented to evaluate the performances in terms of sensitivity, false alarm rate (FAR), time in false warning (TiW), detection latency, and receiver operating characteristic area under the curve (ROC‐AUC).ResultsWe recorded 66 FBTCS from 42 patients who wore the connected shirt for a total of 8067 continuous hours. The XGBoost algorithm reached a sensitivity of 84.8% (56/66 seizures), with a median FAR of .55/24 h and a median TiW of 10 s/alarm. ROC‐AUC was .90 (95% confidence interval = .88–.91). Median detection latency from the time of progression to the bilateral tonic–clonic phase was 25.5 s.SignificanceThe novel connected shirt allowed accurate detection of FBTCS with a low false alarm rate in a hospital setting. Prospective studies in a residential setting with a real‐time and online seizure detection algorithm are required to validate the performance and usability of this device.
Can genetic rescue help save Arabia's last big cat?
Authors: Al Hikmani Hadi , van Oosterhout Cock , Birley Thomas , Labisko Jim , Jackson Hazel A. , Spalton Andrew , Tollington Simon , Groombridge Jim J. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractGenetic diversity underpins evolutionary potential that is essential for the long‐term viability of wildlife populations. Captive populations harbor genetic diversity potentially lost in the wild, which could be valuable for release programs and genetic rescue. The Critically Endangered Arabian leopard (Panthera pardus nimr) has disappeared from most of its former range across the Arabian Peninsula, with fewer than 120 individuals left in the wild, and an additional 64 leopards in captivity. We (i) examine genetic diversity in the wild and captive populations to identify global patterns of genetic diversity and structure; (ii) estimate the size of the remaining leopard population across the Dhofar mountains of Oman using spatially explicit capture–recapture models on DNA and camera trap data, and (iii) explore the impact of genetic rescue using three complementary computer modeling approaches. We estimated a population size of 51 (95% CI 32–79) in the Dhofar mountains and found that 8 out of 25 microsatellite alleles present in eight loci in captive leopards were undetected in the wild. This includes two alleles present only in captive founders known to have been wild‐sourced from Yemen, which suggests that this captive population represents an important source for genetic rescue. We then assessed the benefits of reintroducing novel genetic diversity into the wild population as well as the risks of elevating the genetic load through the release of captive‐bred individuals. Simulations indicate that genetic rescue can improve the long‐term viability of the wild population by reducing its genetic load and realized load. The model also suggests that the genetic load has been partly purged in the captive population, potentially making it a valuable source population for genetic rescue. However, the greater loss of its genetic diversity could exacerbate genomic erosion of the wild population during a rescue program, and these risks and benefits should be carefully evaluated. An important next step in the recovery of the Arabian leopard is to empirically validate these conclusions, implement and monitor a genomics‐informed management plan, and optimize a strategy for genetic rescue as a tool to recover Arabia's last big cat.
Radiological features of patients with headache as a presenting symptom of neurosarcoidosis
Authors: Mahmood Selina , Sallowm Yamin , Affan Muhammad , Schultz Lonni , Cerghet Mirela , Ali Ashhar 
Published: May 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo describe the radiological features of patients with headache as a presenting symptom of neurosarcoidosis.BackgroundNeurologic complications occur in approximately 5%–10% of patients with sarcoidosis, and approximately 50% of these patients have neurologic deficits at the time sarcoidosis is first diagnosed. A wide spectrum of central and peripheral nervous system clinical manifestations may be observed, including cranial nerve palsies, sensory and/or motor deficits, and headache. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) results in patients with neurosarcoidosis may include abnormal contrast enhancement, structural masses, and demyelinating lesions.MethodsThis single‐center retrospective cohort study assessed patients who were diagnosed with neurosarcoidosis in an urban tertiary care center between 1995 and 2016. We included patients who had MRI results at the time of diagnosis. Patients were divided into two groups based on the presence or absence of headache as a presenting symptom. The MRI result of meningeal contrast enhancement was reviewed.ResultsOf the 110 patients analyzed, 30 (27.3%) had an initial presenting symptom of headache while 80 (72.7%) did not. Patients with headache had a higher proportion of meningeal contrast enhancement on MRI (66.7% [20/30] vs. 25.0% [20/80]; p < 0.001) and leptomeningeal involvement (53.3% [16/30] vs. 7.5% [6/80], p < 0.001) compared to patients with no headache. However, those with headache had a lower proportion of spinal cord localization (13.8% [4/29] vs. 34.2% [26/76], p = 0.038) and intraparenchymal central nervous system involvement (16.7% [5/30] vs. 51.3% [41/80], p = 0.001) compared to patients with no headache.ConclusionPatients with neurosarcoidosis who presented with headache as an initial symptom had a higher proportion of meningeal contrast enhancement seen by MRI than patients who presented with other neurological symptoms. This suggests a clinico‐radiologic link between headache and meningeal disruption in patients with neurosarcoidosis.
Exploring the therapeutic potential of barley grain in type 2 diabetes management: a review
Authors: Gebre Bilatu Agza , Liu Xiaoning , Zhang Chuangchuang , Ma Mengting , Mekonnen Solomon Abate , Yao Tianming , Sui Zhongquan 
Published: May 2024

SummaryA healthy lifestyle with a high intake of whole grains is preferred for the effective type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) prevention. Plenty of studies have shown the health benefits of barley on metabolic diseases, but there is a dearth of review articles specifically focused on antidiabetic effects. Hence, it is urgent to consolidate the up‐to‐date findings and provide guidance for future research endeavours in a timely review. This review aims to provide an overview on barley consumption for T2DM prevention and management, focusing on certain key aspects such as glycaemic control, insulin sensitivity and lipid profile. Extensive research has highlighted the potential benefits of barley grains in T2DM prevention, attributed to their high dietary fibre content, a diverse array of phytochemicals, and bioactive peptides. The dietary fibre (e.g., β‐glucan and arabinoxylan), characterised by their viscous and water‐soluble nature, is involved in modulating gastrointestinal physiology, thereby exerting regulatory effects on blood glucose and insulin levels. Phenolic compounds in barley have the potential to inhibit α‐amylase and α‐glucosidase enzymes, offering further support for glucose homeostasis. In addition, outer layers of barley are found to have high levels of fibres and bioactive compounds. The levels of these bioactive compounds can be improved through food processing techniques. Future investigation is necessary to establish the relationships between barley bioactive components and their specific antidiabetic capacity to improve study consistency and innovative strategies to incorporate barley into daily diet.
Unveiling the potential of micronized dehulled sunflower press‐cake: a breakthrough in sustainable plant‐based protein‐rich sport beverages
Authors: Girotto Francesca , Merlino Maria , Giovanelli Gabriella , Condurso Concetta , Piazza Laura 
Published: May 2024

SummaryIn the sports protein beverage market, the demand for plant‐based substitutes is rising. Sunflower press‐cake, a protein‐rich by‐product, offers a compelling alternative to traditional options like soy, pea, or rice proteins. With its natural allergen‐free composition, sunflower proteins are suitable for individuals with soy or nut allergies, broadening the market of allergen‐free protein products. This study focuses on the characterisation of micronized dehulled sunflower press‐cake (DSPC) and preliminary explores its valorization in a protein‐rich beverage. Micronization treatment was applied to the DSPC, since the reduction in particle size positively influences sensory attributes. The comprehensive analysis of micronized industrial DSPC revealed a high protein content (44.35 g/100 gDB), elevated polyphenol levels (33.75 mgGAE/gDB) and positive outcomes in water and oil holding capacities. However, proteins showed low in vitro digestibility (42.82%) and poor solubility (~10%). Additionally, the high phytate content (5.00 g/100 g) prompted consideration for nutritional implications, whether positive or negative. From the analysis of the volatile profile, the diverse array of compounds revealed the absence of off‐odours typically formed during autoxidation. In view of the potential application within a functional beverage formulation intended for athletes, four aqueous dispersions, featuring two different percentages of micronized DSPC (25% and 16% w/v) and pH levels (6.5 and 3.5), were prepared and tested for rheological properties.
Production and characterisation of microfluidized olive powder
Authors: Argün Sinem , Mert Behiç , Öztop Halil Mecit , Tekin Aziz 
Published: May 2024

SummaryMicrofluidization has been gaining popularity as a size reduction process in recent years. In this study, microfluidization technique was used for olives to change the cell wall structure and decrease the size of oil droplets. Olive powders were produced from green, black and raw olives using freeze drying following microfluidization at 1200 bar. Antioxidant activity was not affected significantly for all powders while total phenolic content decreased for green and raw olive powders with microfluidization. Among all olive powders, the one raw olive gave the highest antioxidant activity and phenolic content. In microscopic analysis, Scanning Electron Microscope images revealed that microfluidization results in finer particles which are self‐encapsulated by trapping the oil droplets. Stability analysis through Turbi Scan and rheological measurements of the powder suspensions showed that microfluidization process enables more stable suspensions having higher water holding capacity. Herschel–Bulkley model was found for the flow behaviours of the olive powder suspensions.
Personal care workers' intention to stay in residential aged care: An integrative review
Authors: Wang Donna , Maneze Della , Everett Bronwyn , George Ajesh , Tan Josh D. L. , Salamonson Yenna 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAimTo identify key factors that influence personal care workers' (PCW) intention to stay in residential aged care (RAC).BackgroundPCWs are the ‘backbone’ of providing direct care in RAC settings. The well‐being of older people hinges upon their dedication and commitment; thus, enhancing their intention to stay is a priority to reduce turnover and ensure continuity of care.MethodsSix databases were searched for articles focusing on factors influencing PCWs' intention to stay in RAC. Studies were independently assessed for quality using the Joanna Briggs Institute Methodology for systematic review tools. Reporting of the results followed the PRISMA guidelines.FindingsEight articles published between 2010 and 2022 were included. The key issues were categorized as: (a) sociodemographic characteristics; (b) psychological factors; (c) workplace factors and (d) job satisfaction. Older age, being married and immigration status were positively associated with intention to stay. Work stress and burnout contributed towards demotivation, while a supportive and engaging organizational culture that recognized workers' contributions and provided appropriate remuneration and benefits, enhanced job satisfaction and retention.ConclusionThis review affirms the complexity of the decision‐making process influencing workers' intention to stay. A comprehensive understanding of the interplay of these factors and the personal and sociocultural challenges faced by PCWs is essential to design strategies to provide support and enhance job satisfaction and retention.Implications for Aged CareThis review showed that support from the organization is critical in improving PCWs' intention to stay in aged care. Given the interconnectedness of a range of key factors, decision‐makers need to address modifiable factors holistically. Including PCWs in planning retention strategies could be the missing link in tailoring interventions towards workforce retention.Impact

Personal, psychological and workplace factors alone and in combination influence personal care workers' intention to stay in residential aged care (RAC).

The interrelationships among the factors impacting PCWs' intention to stay are complex, wherein a change in one often influences other factors.

Addressing the causes of psychological stress, improving workplace culture and understanding their interrelationships provide a foundation for co‐designing strategies to promote intention to stay among PCWs in RAC.

Reporting MethodThe authors have adhered to relevant EQUATOR guidelines PRISMA.No Patient or Public ContributionThis integrative review is conducted with no involvement or contribution from patients or the public.
A scoping review of the qualitative literature reporting experiences of living with a stoma for inflammatory bowel disease
Authors: Essex Ryan , Booth Lesley , Sirois Fuschia , Burch Jennie , Dibley Lesley 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAimsSurgical treatment for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) potentially includes stoma formation. Although positive clinical outcomes are widely reported, patients' responses to stoma surgery, including coming to terms with and adjusting to the stoma, vary widely. This scoping review charts the qualitative literature addressing the question: What is known about any personal psychosocial and quality of life factors that inform adjustment to living well with an intestinal stoma for IBD?DesignA scoping review methodology was employed.Data SourcesSearches of Scopus, Web of Science, CINAHL, Medline and PsycInfo in August 2023.Review MethodsLevac et al.'s (2010) methodology was followed. PRISMA‐ScR guidelines were adhered to.ResultsThirteen cross‐sectional studies were included, involving a total of 142 participants. Four themes were identified: (1) facilitative factors; (2) barriers to adjustment; (3) personal attributes; and (4) time and temporality. Data indicate that personal and psychological factors influence adjustment, but not how this occurs. Adjustment takes longer to achieve than is conventionally (clinically) expected.ConclusionAll available evidence is cross‐sectional. The identified gap in the evidence is the notable lack of longitudinal research to assess, monitor and understand the complex process of adjustment in people with IBD having stoma‐forming surgery. Detailed understanding of the process of adjustment would enable more targeted support for patients preparing for, and learning to live with, a stoma for IBD.ImpactThis paper highlights the need to understand the multiple personal and psychosocial factors that affect adjustment to life with a stoma and identifies that adjustment takes significantly longer than the few weeks required to become competent in managing the stoma.Patient or Public ContributionNot applicable.