bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dépistage de l’ischémie myocardique silencieuse (IMS) chez le diabétique par la tomoscintigraphie myocardique de perfusion (TMSP)
Authors: Administrateur- JAIM  , KI Thierry  , THIAW Gora  , ADAMBONOU Kokou  
Published: May 2024

The development of non-invasive methods for the detection of coronary artery disease has shown that angina is an insensitive criterion of myocardial ischemia. Thus 75% of ischemic episodes are asymptomatic, particularly in diabetic patients. In this context, the silent myocardial ischemia of the diabetic raises many questions as to the rational use of the various diagnostic means, in the prognostic interpretation of the results and finally for its treatment. The development of nuclear cardiology in French-speaking black Africa goes hand in hand with the improvement of the medical imaging services platform. Myocardial scintigraphy is now possible in our tropics. Tomoscintigraphy is characterized by good sensitivity and good specificity in the detection of silent myocardial ischemia in diabetics.
RESUME
Le développement des méthodes non invasives pour la détection de la maladie coronarienne a démontré que l'angine de poitrine est un critère peu sensible d'ischémie myocardique. Ainsi 75% des épisodes ischémiques sont asymptomatiques particulièrement chez le patient diabétique. Dans ce contexte, l'ischémie myocardique silencieuse du diabétique soulève de nombreuses questions quant à l'utilisation rationnelle des divers moyens diagnostiques, dans l'interprétation pronostique des résultats et finalement pour son traitement. Le développement de la cardiologie nucléaire en Afrique noire francophone va de pair avec l’amélioration du plateau des services d’imagerie médicale. La scintigraphie myocardique est désormais possible sous nos tropiques. La tomoscintigraphie se caractérise par une bonne sensibilité et une bonne spécificité dans la détection de l'ischémie myocardique silencieuse du diabétique.
Uretère rétrocave une cause rare de l’hydronéphrose à ne pas manquer à l’uroscanner
Authors: Administrateur- JAIM  , SANOGO Souleymane  , KOUMA Alassane  , CISSOKO Moussa  , KEITA Adama Diaman  , SIDIBE Siaka  
Published: May 2024

Objective: to describe the role of uroscan in the diagnosis of the retrocaval ureter.
Observation: This was a 31-year-old man received on 07/17/2021 at the radiology department of Mother-Child Luxembourg University Hospital Center in Bamako for an uroscan in a context of right lumbar pain on ipsilateral hydronephrosis objectified by ultrasound without obvious obstacles. The uroscan objectified an inverted “J” image of the right ureter, in the retrocaval position with a spiral path around the inferior vena cava (IVC) responsible for hydronephrosis. Surgical treatment was done with the placement of a double J probe. The follow-up was simple.
Conclusion: The retrocaval ureter is a rare anomaly most often responsible for hydronephrosis as the case reported here. Its diagnosis remains radiological with the demonstration of its retrocaval topography on the uroscan and its repercussion on the upper urinary tract.
RÉSUMÉ
Objectif : décrire le rôle de l’uroscanner dans le diagnostic de l’uretère rétrocave.
Observation : Il s’agissait d’un homme de 31 ans reçu le 17/07/2021 au service de radiologie du CHU Mère-Enfant le Luxembourg de Bamako pour un uroscanner dans un contexte de douleur lombaire droite sur hydronéphrose homolatérale objectivée par une échographie sans obstacle évident. L’uroscanner a objectivé une image en « J » inversé de l’uretère droit, en position rétrocave avec un trajet spiroïdal autour de la veine cave inferieure (VCI) responsable d’une hydronéphrose. Un traitement chirurgical a été fait avec une pose d’une sonde double J. Les suites étaient simples.
Conclusion : L’uretère rétrocave est une anomalie rare le plus souvent responsable d’une hydronéphrose comme le cas rapporté ici. Son diagnostic demeure radiologique avec la mise en évidence de sa topographie rétrocave à l’uroscanner et sa répercussion sur les voies urinaires supérieures.
Mapeamento e caracterização da cooperação científica baseado em análise de redes
Authors: Costa Giovanna Alice Ferreira da , Gandolfi Peterson Elizandro , Lopes José Eduardo Ferreira , Paulo Alex Fabianne de 
Published: May 2024

A produção científica, bem como os artigos científicos, exerce um papel central para obtenção de novos conhecimentos na área acadêmica e soluções para problemas que permeiam a sociedade. De modo geral, o artigo tem uma função importante na difusão da pesquisa e no desenvolvimento de ciência e tecnologia, sobretudo, quando produzido de forma colaborativa. O aumento da colaboração científica é uma característica importante da evolução da ciência e do panorama acadêmico atual, determinado pela natureza multidisciplinar e cada vez mais especializada da pesquisa. O presente trabalho realiza uma investigação acerca do levantamento de dados de artigos científicos em cooperação, na Universidade Federal de Goiás, durante os anos de 1981 a 2020, através da Web of Science.
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Non-Convulsive Status Epilepticus (NCSE): Definition, Recognition, Electroencephalographic Findings, and Diagnosis
Authors: Mesraoua Boulenouar , Al Hail Hassan , Melikyan Gayane , Hosny Mohamed Hashem Khodair Rola , Thekkumpurath Tahira , Elrasheed Abunaib Mohammed , Sabry Safan Abeer , Aldabbagh Rasah K.M. , Zammar Khaled , Zakarya Baniamer Yahia , Khan Farhana , Alghazow Mohammad , Krishnan Rakesh , Alrabi Abdulraheem O.A.R. , Ali Musab 
Published: May 2024

Non-convulsive status epilepticus (NCSE) is being increasingly recognized in many patient populations, especially in patients with altered mental status (AMS) admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU), where its frequency is the highest. Because of the paucity of signs and symptoms, the diagnosis of NCSE needs a prolonged electroencephalography (EEG) recording which may take more than 24 hours. Once the diagnosis is established, an urgent treatment should be initiated. This chapter will review the history and definition, the EEG, and clinical manifestations of NCSE and will also focus on the many factors including the newly described ictal-interictal continuum which all contribute to an increase in the frequency of NCSE.
Tutor Competence in Online-Learning Service within Distance Education
Authors: Jamil  , Patmawati Halim  , Hasanuddin  
Published: May 2024

The online learning landscape in the Elementary Teacher Education (PGSD) program at Universitas Terbuka Makassar poses significant challenges for tutors, requiring them to adapt to new pedagogical approaches and technologies. This study investigates the competence of tutors in facilitating synchronous online-learning tutoring (Tuweb UT) and asynchronous Learning System Management (LMS) through Silayar UT, which integrates an independent learning program into online platforms. The study examines the tutors' social, strategic, and ethical competence in managing online classes, with a focus on their preparation, planning, and interaction with students. The study uses an ex post facto design with descriptive statistics, analyzing data from 185 tutors in 340 online classes within the undergraduate PGSD program during the 2022 registration term. The findings highlight the tutors' ability to prepare and plan for online tutoring, deploy the tutoring unit (SAT) as a learning service scheme, and incorporate relevant competencies and module characteristics into their tutoring mode. The study also shows that tutoring assignments are given in accordance with competence and that active engagement in Webinar UT and LMS (Silayar UT) is high, with attendance averaging 93.03%. The results indicate that tutors are competent in preparing and planning for online tutoring, incorporating online platforms into their experiences, and fostering active interaction with students, which in turn supports the completion of students' academic trajectories. The study's implications for online learning practices are significant, highlighting the importance of tutor competence in navigating the challenges of online education. Recommendations for further research include exploring the impact of tutor competence on student outcomes and investigating the role of technology in enhancing tutor-student interaction.
Determinant of the Job Impact on the Efficiency of Employees in the Saudi Telecommunications Company (STC)
Authors: Alrutayq Haya , Anazi Salman , Khalaf Wedyan , Sadek Walid , Abdul Hamid Al-Faisal 
Published: May 2024

Focusing on the feasibility study using the descriptive analytical approach by creating employees in the Saudi Telecom Company and the largest percentage of the company’s customers, where 200 items were reached, in which exceptions for the study were distributed, in which the most important results of the study: -	There are reports among executives from several sectors regarding career growth, motivation, work environment, and job functions on job performance in the Saudi Telecommunications Company (STC). -	There is a relationship closely linked to effective performance and diversity in the types of work and the amount of work performed by the executive directors of the key officials in the Saudi Telecommunications Company (STC). -	There is a correlation between the need for a job and then the performance of Saudi Telecommunications Company (STC) employees. The study recommended important tips to mention. -	Using the precise specialization of the staff and their satisfaction with the work direction. -	Employees leave in discussions and meetings related to higher levels. -	Reformulating promotion criteria so that they are more efficient for working employees. -	Recognizing the employee’s efforts and discussing his development. -	Preparing various incentives to ensure that they are distributed fairly among employees.
Pelatihan Penulisan Lagu Berbahasa Inggris untuk Guru Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini (PAUD) di Desa Darek Kecamatan Praya Barat Daya Kabupaten Lombok Tengah
Authors: Saifuddin Fahimah , Ardiansyah Lalu Dwi Satria 
Published: May 2024

Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat ini mengambil peran untuk melatih guru PAUD dalam menulis lagu berbahasa inggris guna memudahkan siswa mempelajari Bahasa Inggris. Lagu merupakan salah satu media pembelajaran yang menyenangkan untuk anak usia dini. Selain sebagai hiburan, lagu juga bisa digunakan untuk menghafal kosakata bahasa Inggris. Hampir semua anak senang dengan lagu sehingga lagu selalu dipakai di PAUD. Tujuan dari pengabdian ini adalah untuk membantu guru-guru PAUD agar bisa membuat lagu berbahasa inggris sehingga materi-materi Bahasa Inggris tersampaikan dengan menyenangkan kepada siswa PAUD di Desa Darek. Pengabdian ini diawali dengan memberikan materi tentang karakteristik anak usia dini, aspek yang perlu diperhatikan dalam pengajaran Bahasa Inggris bagi anak usia dini, manfaat lagu untuk anak usia dini, dan cara membuat lagu untuk anak usia dini. Selanjutnya pemateri membagikan kelompok yang terdiri dari dua orang setiap kelompok. Dilanjutkan dengan membuat lirik lagu oleh setiap kelompok yang kemudian dievaluasi melalui praktek menyanyikan lagu oleh setiap kelompok sesuai dengan lagu yang mereka ciptakan. Kegiatan ini mendapat tanggapan yang sangat baik. Hal ini terlihat dari antusias guru-guru yang mengikuti kegiatan tersebut mulai dari pemberian materi, praktek membuat lirik lagu, sampai pada menyanyikan lagu ciptaan mereka.
Die KGaA im modernisierten Personengesellschaftsrecht
Authors: Bachmann Gregor , Habighorst Magnus 
Published: May 2024

Zusammenfassung
Das MoPeG ist in Kraft - zahllose Veröffentlichungen vor und nach dem 1.1.2024 haben es unmöglich gemacht, dies zu übersehen. Weitgehend übersehen wurden aber die Auswirkungen im Recht der Kommanditgesellschaft auf Aktien (KGaA), für die in weiten Teilen Personengesellschaftsrecht gilt. Der Beitrag schließt diese Lücke und durchleuchtet das Recht der KGaA darauf, wo das MoPeG Änderungen gebracht hat und wo es beim bisherigen Stand verbleibt. Auch die unlängst aufgeworfene Frage, ob § 179a AktG für die KGaA gilt, wird einer Klärung zugeführt.
Die Offenlegung von Ertragsteuerinformationen
Authors: Desens Marc 
Published: May 2024

Zusammenfassung
Umsatzstarke multinational tätige Konzerne und Großunternehmen sind verpflichtet, für Geschäftsjahre, die nach dem 21.6.2024 beginnen, bestimmte Steuer- und andere Unternehmensdaten frei zugänglich im Internet zu veröffentlichen (§§ 342 bis 342p HGB, Art. 90 Abs. 1 Satz 2 EGHGB). Neben einer zusätzlichen Bürokratielast für die betroffenen Unternehmen stellt sich auch die Frage, wie die inhaltliche Richtigkeit der Berichte staatlicherseits kontrolliert werden kann. Der Beitrag zeigt auf, dass insoweit Vollzugsschwierigkeiten entstehen, die ihre Ursache in unions- und verfassungswidrigen Kompetenzverstößen haben.
Secondary Metabolites: Deterring Herbivores
Authors: Wink Michael 
Published: March 2010

AbstractAll plants produce and store secondary metabolites (SM), which are not important for primary or energy metabolism of a plant. However, SMs are not waste products, but important for the ecological fitness and survival of the plants producing them. Apparently, plants have evolved the production and storage of SM as a means to defend themselves against herbivores, bacteria, fungi, viruses as well as other competing plants. Most SM can interfere with basic molecular targets of animals or microbes and thus provide plants with an adequate protection against a multitude of enemies. Plants usually produce complex mixtures of SMs, which can work in an additive or even synergistic way. Some defence chemicals address a single target, such as a neurotransmitter receptor or ion channel, others have a broad activity spectrum and exhibit pleiotropic activities on several targets.Key concepts:Plants cannot run away when attacked by herbivores; they use defence chemicals to ward off enemies.Plants do not have an immune system to defend themselves against microbes hence use antimicrobial secondary metabolites instead.Plants produce and store complex mixtures of secondary metabolites with additive or even synergistic activities.Secondary metabolites are important for chemical defence but are also used to attract pollinating insects and fruit‐dispersing animals.The process of biosynthesis, transport and storage of SM is energetically costly.Some SM specifically interact with a particular molecular target in herbivores, whereas other SM are nonselective.Synthesis, transport and storage of SM are optimized in space and time to fulfil the ecological functions.Although some SMs are stored in a constitutive way, others are inducible and are only made in case of danger.Herbivores have evolved effective biochemical adaptations towards the defence chemistry of plants, involving cytochrome p450 enzymes and ABC transporters.
T Lymphocyte Responses: Development
Authors: Cosmi Lorenzo , Liotta Francesco , Annunziato Francesco 
Published: March 2010

AbstractThe function of T cells is to recognize specific ‘non‐self’ antigens and to generate against them specific responses to protect the body from different diseases. In particular, a subset of T lymphocytes, named T‐helper cells, produces cytokines that orchestrate the immune response, whereas another subset, named cytotoxic T cells is able to kill the pathogen‐infected cells.Two population of T‐helper lymphocytes exist: T‐effector cells, devoted to respond to foreign antigens and to protect the body from infection and tumours, and T‐regulatory cells, whose main function is to suppress T‐effector responses and to avoid the development of atoimmune diseases.T‐effector lymphocytes can be divided, according to their cytokines production profile in TH1, TH2 and TH17 cells, whereas T‐regulatory cells can be distinguished, on the basis of their origin, in natural and adaptive.Key ConceptsT‐ and B cells are the major cellular components of the adaptive immune response.CD4+ T‐helper lymphocytes produce cytokines that orchestrate the immune response, whereas CD8+ T cytotoxic lymphocytes kill the target cells.T‐helper lymphocytes can be distinguished in effector cells, which protect the body from pathogens, and regulatory T cells, that suppress effector responses, when they may become dangerous for the host.Effector T‐helper cells can be distinguished, according to the cytokines they are able to produce, in TH1, TH2, and TH17 cells.TH1 cells play an important role in the protection against intracellular pathogens, but they could be involved in the pathogenesis of autoimmune and inflammatory disorders, when Treg cells fail to control autoreactive clones.TH2 cells are mainly involved in the protection against parasitic helminths, but they also play a central role in the development of allergic disorders.TH17 cells favour the clearance of extracellular pathogens, and play a pathogenic role in autoimmune and other chronic inflammatory disorders, particularly when they acquire the ability to produce IFNγ, thus becoming TH17/TH1 cells.Treg cells can be distinguished in natural Treg cells, a population already planned to suppress the response against self‐antigens since its birth in thymus, and adaptive Treg cells which acquires their suppressive activity in the periphery.
Single‐Molecule Light Microscopy
Authors: Greulich Karl Otto , Uhl Volker 
Published: March 2010

Abstract

With conventional microscopy, the wavelength of visible light (∼500 nm) does not permit spatial resolution of individual molecules, but single molecules can be detected if they are themselves fluorescent (fluorophores) or are fluorescently tagged with fluorophores. Such techniques allow optical microscopy studies of quantum‐mechanical phenomena, mechanical properties of macromolecules and single‐molecule reaction kinetics and mechanisms. When an enzyme reaction deletes or generates fluorescence, the kinetics of one or a few of such enzyme molecules can be directly observed in the microscope. Fluorescently tagged compounds can be introduced into biologically relevant environments and their movements or molecular mode of action can be analysed. Such techniques enable further studies on various topics like the movement of motor proteins, molecular diffusion or intramolecular conformational changes. The reactions of molecules which work on DNA (
deoxyribonucleic acid
) can be directly seen in the microscope. Also, the addressability of the DNA molecule can be exploited to build nanostructures with nanometre accuracy.

Key concepts:

Single molecules can be visualized in the light microscope with high temporal resolution, when stray light and other polluting photons are separated from the informative photons.

Structural transitions and reactions can be observed.

The individuality of each molecule can be visualized.

DNA molecules can be used as building blocks for the construction of nanostructures.

Although smaller than the diffraction limit for optical microscopy, single molecules can be detected if they are fluorescent or fluorescently tagged.

Fluorescent molecules can be investigated to study quantum‐mechanical phenomena of the mechanical properties of macromolecules, or their trajectories and properties in their specific environment can be observed.
Adherens Junctions
Authors: Michels Christian , Niessen Carien M 
Published: March 2010

Abstract

Adherens junctions (AJs) are dynamic structures found in between cells that couple intercellular adhesion to the cytoskeleton thereby creating a transcellular network that coordinates the behaviour of a population of cells. Regulation of AJ formation and maintenance is crucial for cell shape, migration, morphogenesis and tissue homeostasis and repair. AJs not only regulate cell adhesion and cell shape but also form spatial landmarks for a variety of signalling complexes, thereby regulating other cellular functions next to adhesion.

Key concept:

AJs are essential for tissue integrity by coupling intercellular adhesion to the cytoskeleton.

AJ formation and maintenance requires the cooperative activity of two types of intercellular adhesive receptor complexes, the classical cadherin/catenin and nectin/afadin complexes.

Catenins provide cadherin‐mediated adhesion with a dynamic link to the cytoskeleton, regulate cadherin cell surface stability and couple AJs with signal pathways that regulate gene expression.

Cadherin‐mediated adhesion and the AJs proteins β‐catenin and p120ctn regulate the Wnt pathway important for cell fate and differentiation decisions.

AJs serve as spatially defined signal platforms by recruiting a range of signal transduction proteins. This is not only important for regulation of intercellular adhesive interactions and AJ stability but also allows for communication of cell surface changes to the nucleus.

The formation, maintenance and disassembly of AJs are regulated at different levels that involve rapid changes as well as indirect mechanisms that regulate gene expression.

The establishment of polarity is closely coupled to the formation of AJs.

Classical cadherins are essential for the formation of not only AJs but also desmosomes and tight junctions.

Alterations in AJ components directly contribute to human diseases, such as cancer and developmentally related syndromes.

AJs and human disease.
Micro
RNA
s in Animal Development
Authors: Mansfield Jennifer H 
Published: March 2010

Abstract

Micro
ribonucleic acids
(miRNAs) are small, noncoding RNAs that regulate gene expression, usually via posttranscriptional repression. Most animal genomes encode hundreds of miRNAs, which cumulatively regulate thousands of messenger RNA (mRNA) targets. miRNAs are required for animal development, and are integrated into genetic pathways that govern cell fates, behaviours, tissue patterning and differentiation. In these roles, miRNAs often regulate multiple targets in the same cell, from global regulators of gene expression to structural proteins and enzymes. Not surprisingly, miRNAs are expressed in a variety of patterns and tissue types in developing embryos, and this differential expression is controlled at many levels. miRNA–target interactions also have diverse functions, from rapidly silencing genes, such as during lineage progression, to reinforcing the silencing of genes regulated by transcriptional mechanisms, to quantitatively tuning the levels of target protein expression.

Key Concepts

The process of development requires fine control of differential expression of genes.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, noncoding transcripts that bind target mRNAs and regulate their expression.

Each miRNA can regulate hundreds of mRNA targets, and most animal mRNAs are regulated by one or more miRNAs.

miRNAs can regulate cellular differentiation states through targeting multiple processes at once.

The expression of miRNAs is highly regulated during development.

miRNAs are essential for animal development, and play roles in most developmental processes.