bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigation of flower‐shaped microstrip antenna using conformal mapping technique
Authors: Bhattacharya Jayanta , Maity Sudipta 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIn this paper, the flower‐shaped microstrip antenna (FSMA) is investigated theoretically and experimentally for the first time. A theoretical model is proposed to investigate the radiation characteristic of an FSMA using conformal mapping technique. The flower shape is mapped to a circular shape with the help of an appropriate mapping relation. The wave equation is solved in the transformed domain using Galerkin technique to obtain the approximate solution of eigenfunction and eigenvalue. Resonant frequency, internal field patterns, input impedance, and far‐field radiation patterns of the FSMA are investigated. Three antenna prototypes are fabricated for experimental verification. The acceptable agreement is found among the calculated, simulated, and measured data. Our theory shows an error of less than 1.45% in predicting the resonance frequency. Quality factor and bandwidth are also described. This theoretical approach not only quickly evaluates the performance of an FSMA but also provides the instruction to design an FSMA.
Long‐Term Functional Outcomes in Pediatric Head and Neck Cancer Patients: A Systematic Review
Authors: Arya Priya , Bouldin Emerson , Kuhn Natalia , Prickett Kara K. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractObjectiveThe multimodal treatments for pediatric head and neck (H&N) malignancies can have significant long‐term functional consequences for growing patients. This systematic review aims to analyze the current knowledge of functional outcomes for pediatric H&N cancer survivors.Data SourcesPubMed, Embase, Web of Science.Review MethodsPreferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐analyses guidelines were followed, and 1356 papers were reviewed by 3 team members with conflict resolution by a senior member.ResultsFourteen studies were included. Nine of 14 (64%) papers reported issues with swallowing, characterized as either dysphagia, odynophagia, oropharyngeal fibrosis, esophageal stenosis, xerostomia, trismus, or general issues with the throat and mouth. Six of 14 papers noted nutritional and feeding deficiencies, and 5 of 14 additionally noted issues with speech and voice changes. Four of 14 (29%) reported hearing impairments and/or loss. A majority of papers (9/14) reported long‐term functional characteristics as a secondary outcome. Three of 14 (21%) reported a quality of life (QoL) measure. Heterogeneity in methodology and reporting precluded analysis of any relationship between treatment type and functional outcomes. Recommendations include integration of objective measures of feeding support and swallowing, as well as regular measurements of function and QoL parameters during treatment to better understand the evolution of QoL and function throughout care.ConclusionRelatively few studies focus on functional outcomes following the treatment of pediatric H&N cancer. Swallowing difficulty is the most frequently reported deficit, but objective data is rarely reported. Standardization of functional outcome assessment could improve the quality of evidence for pediatric patients treated for H&N cancer.
Fully actuated system approach to robust control of uncertain multi‐order sub‐fully actuated systems
Authors: Zhang Shiyu , Duan Guangren 
Published: June 2024

AbstractMotivated by the fully actuated system (FAS) approach, this paper proposes a direct robust control method for a type of uncertain multi‐order sub‐fully actuated systems (MOSFASs). Unlike numerous previous results, this paper broadens to a more general multi‐order model and the more challenging sub‐fully actuated case with the presence of singular problems. Firstly, a general uncertain MOSFAS model is presented, where the uncertainty merely needs to satisfy a common assumption. Secondly, a direct robust control method is proposed, giving a robust controller which only needs to satisfy very loose and basic requirements to ensure that the states ultimately converge into an arbitrarily small region. Simultaneously, by constraining the initial values of the states, it is perfectly guaranteed that the states always remain in a “safe” zone free of singular points, thus preserving the realizability of the controller. Finally, under certain conditions, a less conservative robust control scheme is introduced, which can relax the constraint of initial values easily. A simulation for a coarse‐fine angle system demonstrates the validity and value of the proposed robust control method.
Recent advancements and challenges in orbital‐free density functional theory
Authors: Xu Qiang , Ma Cheng , Mi Wenhui , Wang Yanchao , Ma Yanming 
Published: June 2024

AbstractOrbital‐free density functional theory (OFDFT) stands out as a many‐body electronic structure approach with a low computational cost that scales linearly with system size, making it well suitable for large‐scale simulations. The past decades have witnessed impressive progress in OFDFT, which opens a new avenue to capture the complexity of realistic systems (e.g., solids, liquids, and warm dense matters) and provide a complete description of some complicated physical phenomena under realistic conditions (e.g., dislocation mobility, ductile processes, and vacancy diffusion). In this review, we first present a concise summary of the major methodological advances in OFDFT, placing particular emphasis on kinetic energy density functional and the schemes to evaluate the electron–ion interaction energy. We then give a brief overview of the current status of OFDFT developments in finite‐temperature and time‐dependent regimes, as well as our developed OFDFT‐based software package, named by ATLAS. Finally, we highlight perspectives for further development in this fascinating field, including the major outstanding issues to be solved and forthcoming opportunities to explore large‐scale materials.This article is categorized under:
Electronic Structure Theory > Density Functional Theory
Software > Simulation Methods
Quantum Computing > Theory Development
Lining up a positive semi-definite six-point bootstrap
Authors: Antunes António , Harris Sebastian , Kaviraj Apratim , Schomerus Volker 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
In this work, we initiate a positive semi-definite numerical bootstrap program for multi-point correlators. Considering six-point functions of operators on a line, we reformulate the crossing symmetry equation for a pair of comb-channel expansions as a semi-definite programming problem. We provide two alternative formulations of this problem. At least one of them turns out to be amenable to numerical implementation. Through a combination of analytical and numerical techniques, we obtain rigorous bounds on CFT data in the triple-twist channel for several examples.
Holography of a single free matrix
Authors: de Mello Koch Robert , Roy Pratik , Van Zyl Hendrik J. R. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
In this paper we consider the collective field theory description of a single free massless scalar matrix theory in 2+1 dimensions. The collective fields are given by k-local operators obtained by tracing a product of k-matrices. For k = 2 and k = 3 we argue that the collective field packages the fields associated to a single and two Regge trajectories respectively. We also determine the coordinate transformation between the coordinates of the collective field theory and the bulk AdS space time. This is used to verify that the bulk equations of motion holds in the collective field theory description.
Gerichtliche Obduktionen nach Anhaltungen bei Feuerbestattungsleichenschau: Gegenüberstellung von Todesursache und Todesart vor und nach der Obduktion
Authors: Stobbe F. , Dokter M. , Philipp K.-P. , Bockholdt B. 
Published: June 2024

ZusammenfassungNach der vorhandenen Literatur sind zwischen 20 und 47,5 % der auf Todesbescheinigungen dokumentierten Todesursachen nicht korrekt. Daraus ist erkennbar, dass die Mortalitätsstatistik erhebliche Defizite aufweist. Es ergab sich die Frage, ob diese Fehlerhäufigkeit auch im Versorgungsgebiet des Instituts für Rechtsmedizin der Universitätsmedizin Greifswald nachweisbar ist.Dazu wurden die im Rahmen der Feuerbestattungsleichenschau angehaltenen Sterbefälle aus dem Zeitraum vom 01.01.2013 bis zum 31.12.2022, bei denen eine gerichtliche Obduktion angeordnet wurde, untersucht. Von 323 obduzierten Sterbefällen wurden neben allgemeinen Aspekten besonders die Angaben zu Todesursache und Todesart der Todesbescheinigung mit den bei der Obduktion erhobenen Ergebnissen verglichen. Zur besseren Vergleichbarkeit wurden die Todesursachen für diese Untersuchung in vordefinierte Kategorien unterteilt.Im Untersuchungszeitraum wurden 2389 Sterbefälle angehalten und hiervon 323 gerichtlich obduziert, davon waren 54 % Männer und 46 % Frauen; das Durchschnittsalter lag im Gesamtkollektiv bei 72 Jahren.Als häufigste Todesart wurde vor und nach der gerichtlichen Obduktion eine natürliche Todesart festgestellt. In 44 Fällen wurde durch die gerichtliche Obduktion eine nicht natürliche Todesart aufgedeckt. In drei Fällen ergab die gerichtliche Obduktion todesursächliche Gewalteinwirkung durch fremde Hand. Einer dieser Fälle wies bei der Feuerbestattungsleichenschau eine staatsanwaltschaftliche Freigabe auf.Als häufigste Todesursache (n = 193) war auf den Todesbescheinigungen eine kardiale Ursache im Rahmen der obligatorischen ärztlichen Leichenschau dokumentiert worden, die sich in 64 % autoptisch bestätigte. Insgesamt zeigte sich eine Übereinstimmung der Todesursachen in dem Untersuchungsgut in 47,7 % der Fälle; unter zusätzlicher Berücksichtigung der Todesart waren es 43 %.Ohne gerichtliche Obduktion wäre in 52,3 % eine falsche Todesursache in die Mortalitätsstatistik eingegangen.Zum Aufdecken bisher nicht erkannter nicht natürlicher Todesfälle ist die Feuerbestattungsleichenschau, wie sie in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern durchgeführt wird, ein Faktor zur Verbesserung der Todesursachenstatistik. Die vorgelegte Untersuchung zeigt, dass mit dieser Vorgehensweise nicht auf die Feuerbestattungsleichenschau verzichtet werden kann.
„Virtual reality perimetry“ und „home perimetry“
Authors: Häner Nathanael Urs , Chen Hsin-Yang , Lincke Joel-Benjamin , Shang Xiao , Zinkernagel Martin Sebastian , Unterlauft Jan Darius 
Published: June 2024

ZusammenfassungIm vorliegenden Artikel sollen auf „virtual reality“ (VR) basierende Verfahren zur „home perimetry“ (HP) beschrieben werden, und es soll ein Überblick darüber gegeben werden, welche Verfahren bereits heute einsetzbar sind.
Oral alkalinizing supplementation suppressed intrarenal reactive oxidative stress in mild-stage chronic kidney disease: a randomized cohort study
Authors: Abe Michiaki , Yamaguchi Takuhiro , Koshiba Seizo , Takayama Shin , Nakai Toshiki , Nishioka Koichiro , Yamasaki Satomi , Kawaguchi Kazuhiko , Umeyama Masanori , Masaura Atsuko , Ishizawa Kota , Arita Ryutaro , Kanno Takeshi , Akaishi Tetsuya , Miyazaki Mariko , Abe Takaaki , Tanaka Tetsuhiro , Ishii Tadashi ,   CKOALA study group
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
The beneficial effects of oral supplements with alkalinizing agents in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) have been limited to the severe stages. We investigated whether two types of supplements, sodium bicarbonate (SB) and potassium citrate/sodium citrate (PCSC), could maintain renal function in patients with mild-stage CKD.

Methods
This was a single-center, open-labeled, randomized cohort trial. Study participants with CKD stages G2, G3a, and G3b were enrolled between March 2013 and January 2019 and randomly assigned by stratification according to age, sex, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), and diabetes. They were followed up for 6 months (short-term study) for the primary endpoints and extended to 2 years (long-term study) for the secondary endpoints. Supplementary doses were adjusted to achieve an early morning urinary pH of 6.8–7.2. We observed renal dysfunction or new-onset cerebrovascular disease and evaluated urinary surrogate markers for renal injury.

Results
Overall, 101 participants were registered and allocated to three groups: standard (n = 32), SB (n = 34), and PCSC (n = 35). Two patients in the standard group attained the primary endpoints (renal stones and overt proteinuria) but were not statistically significant. There was one patient in the standard reduced eGFR during the long-term study (p = 0.042 by ANOVA). SB increased proteinuria (p = 0.0139, baseline vs. 6 months), whereas PCSC significantly reduced proteinuria (p = 0.0061, baseline vs. 1 year, or p = 0.0186, vs. 2 years) and urinary excretion of 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine (p = 0.0481, baseline vs. 6 months).

Conclusion
This study is the first to report supplementation of PCSC reduced intrarenal oxidative stress in patients with mild-stage CKD.

Graphical abstract
Diversity and composition of agroforestry species in two agro-ecological zones of Rwanda
Authors: Ruticumugambi Jean Aimé , Kaplin Beth , Blondeel Haben , Mukuralinda Athanase , Ndoli Alain , Verdoodt Ann , Rutebuka Jules , Imanirareba Ephrem , Uwizeyimana Valens , Gatesi Julienne , Nkurikiye Jean Bosco , Verbeeck Hans , Verheyen Kris , Vancoillie Frieke 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis study delves into the diversity and composition of agroforestry species in Rwanda's Eastern Plateau and Eastern Savannah agro-ecological zones. Examining these systems across diverse landscapes is crucial for selecting species adapted to local conditions. We surveyed four landscapes with varying tree cover levels, using stratified random sampling to allocate 240 plots for detailed field inventory. We analyzed dendrometric characteristics of woody vegetation, focusing on plants with ≥ 4 cm diameter at breast height (DBH). Exotic tree species comprised over 75% of trees across all landscapes. Diversity indices indicated significant differences in plant communities between the Eastern Savannah and Eastern Plateau, with higher diversity in the former. Sørensen's similarity coefficient for woody species between the two regions showed a moderate level of similarity (approximately 53%). However, there was a significant difference in the equitability of on-farm tree species between the zones, suggesting non-identical distribution patterns. The most common and dominant tree species were Grevillea robusta, Mangifera indica, and Persea americana, primarily used for timber and fruit production. Most encountered trees were small and scattered, with nearly 80% having a DBH below 20 cm, highlighting the prevalence of young trees. The dominance of exotic species emphasizes the need for further research on their impact on agricultural biodiversity, informing sustainable land management practices in Rwanda and similar contexts.
Nietzsche’s Legacy and Constitutional Values: A Deconstructive Reading
Authors: de Ville Jacques 
Published: June 2024

AbstractDerrida’s recently published Life Death seminars have again highlighted the importance of values within the ongoing philosophical conversation about overcoming metaphysics. The seminars further indirectly raise a matter of great importance for constitutional theory. Values have become central to constitutional discourse since the mid-twentieth century despite critique due to their supposedly subjective nature, the potential conflict between them, and the legal uncertainty that they bring about. This essay enquires into the origin, logic, structure, and operation of (constitutional) values. It does so through a close reading of the texts of Heidegger and Derrida in which Nietzsche’s call for a revaluation of values takes on a central role, along with a reflection on the relation between life and Being, as well as between life and death. A close reading of these texts in turn makes possible an unorthodox reading of Schmitt’s newly translated text on constitutional values in The Tyranny of Values, which finally opens the possibility of a move beyond such values and thus beyond metaphysics.
Clinical efficacy of ureteroscopy-assisted laparoscopic ureteroplasty in the treatment of ureteral stricture after pelvic surgery
Authors: Xiao Jiansheng , Liu Tairong , Zhu Qiuhua , Qiu Liling , Ge Jiaqi , Chen Hua 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Objective
This study is to investigate the safety and efficacy of ureteroscope-assisted laparoscopic ureteroplasty in treating ureteral stricture after pelvic surgery.

Methods
A retrospective analysis of the clinical data of 95 patients treated for ureteral stricture at Ganzhou People's Hospital from June 2017 to March 2023 after pelvic surgery. In this group, 49 patients underwent ureteroscope and laparoscopic ureteroplasty under lithotomy position. The control group consisted of 46 patients who underwent simple laparoscopic ureteroplasty in a supine position. Postoperative data from both groups were collected and compared, including operation time, amount of blood loss during surgery, postoperative hospital stay, incidence of complications, success rate of ureteroplasty, and effectiveness of the operation.

Results
The success rate of end-to-end ureteral anastomosis in the observation group was 93.88%, and the operation effectiveness rate was 100%. The success rate in the control group was 78.26% and the operation effectiveness rate was 89.1%.The average operation time and intraoperative blood loss in the observation group were (121.3 ± 44.6) min and (137.5 ± 34.2) ml, respectively, while in the control group they were (151.2 ± 52.3) min and (165.6 ± 45.8) ml, the difference were statistically significant (P < 0.05). The incidence of perioperative complications in the observation group was 2%, significantly lower than that in the control group (19.6%) (P < 0.05).

Conclusion
Ureteroscope-assisted laparoscopic ureteroplasty for ureteral stricture after pelvic surgery has the advantages of shortened operation time, increased success rate, and reduced incidence of complications, making it an optional surgical scheme in clinical practice.
Anthropogenic dispersal explains the phylogeography of insular edible dormouse Glis glis in the Mediterranean basin
Authors: Mori Emiliano , Ancillotto Leonardo , Viviano Andrea , Sogliani Davide , Amori Giovanni , Vella Fabrizio , Boano Giovanni , Bertolino Sandro , Monti Flavio 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe history of human colonisation in the Mediterranean has long been recognised as a crucial factor influencing biodiversity patterns in southern Europe. Nonetheless, our understanding of how anthropogenic and natural dispersal events interacted in shaping wildlife distributions, particularly in small mammals, remains limited. The edible dormouse Glis glis, a widespread European species, whose distribution includes several islands in the Mediterranean, present an opportunity to investigate these interactions. In this work, we used the edible dormouse to test hypotheses regarding the interplay between natural and anthropogenic dispersal in shaping species’ distributions in Mediterranean archipelagos. We compared genetic sequences from samples collected on Mediterranean islands (Elba Island, Corsica, Sardinia, Sicily and Salina Island) and the mainland. Twenty-one samples were analysed by amplifying and sequencing a fragment of the cytochrome oxidase subunit I gene. Results indicated that samples from Sardinia and Elba Island belong to the same clade of mainland Italy, specifically to the subspecies G. g. italicus. This finding does not support the existence of an endemic Sardinian subspecies and suggests recent introduction events. In contrast, Salina Island only included individuals belonging to the Sicilian subspecies, whereas Sicily hosts a mixed population of G. g. italicus and G. g. insularis. The Corsican population likely originated from a different stock than Sardinia, possibly originating from Northern Italy or southern France. Overall, our findings underscore the significant role of anthropogenic dispersal in shaping the current distribution of the edible dormouse on islands.
Synthesis and molecular docking simulation on the antimicrobial effects of halogenated vanillin-azo dyes and schiff base derivatives
Authors: Hissam Mohamad Azmeer , Ngaini Zainab , Zamakshshari Nor Hisam , Hejemi Fatin Nur Amira Mohammad , Arni Fatin Salihah , Halim Ainaa Nadiah Abd 
Published: June 2024

AbstractLead compounds containing nitrogen pharmacophores from natural resources have garnered interest among researchers due to their potential for drug development. However, the extractions of the active metabolites are usually labor-intensive and time-consuming. In this study, halogenated vanillin derivatives featuring azo dyes (N=N) (1a-1 h) and Schiff base (C=N) (2a-2 h) have been synthesized via diazonium coupling and nucleophilic substitution reaction, respectively. The comparative effect of N=N and C=N moieties was evaluated for antibacterial properties against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli via disc diffusion method. Incorporating C=N (8–13 mm) into the vanillin network showed excellent inhibition against S. aureus compared to N=N (7–8 mm) and the standard ampicillin (12 mm). While the halogenated vanillin featuring N=N (7–9 mm) and C=N (7–8 mm) moieties showed excellent zone of inhibitions against E. coli compared to the parent vanillin. The in-silico screening using AutoDock Vina, showed 2c-h (inhibition zone > 10 mm) with a high binding affinity against DNA gyrase enzyme with binding energy ranging from − 7.3 to − 7.9 kcal/mol, similar to re-docking of ampicillin − 7.6 kcal/mol and co-crystalize compounds BPH651 with − 7.5 kcal/mol. This research contributes a significant milestone in drug design, especially for the development of new antibacterial drugs with outstanding properties.
Graphical abstract