bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Structural and electrical investigation of (Ag3AsS3)x(As2S3)1−x
superionic glasses
Authors: Studenyak Ihor , Neimet Yuriy , Cserháti Csaba , Kökényesi Sándor , Kazakevičius Edvardas , Šalkus Tomas , Kežionis Algimantas , Orliukas Antanas 
Published: October 2011

Abstract
Structural studies of (Ag3AsS3)x (As2S3)1−x
chalcogenide superionic glasses in the compositional range x = 0.3–0.9 were performed by scanning electron microscopy. Temperature and compositional dependences of transmission coefficient, electrical conductivity, and activation energy were investigated
Interaction between magnetic agglomerates and an extended free radicals network studied by magnetic resonance
Authors: Guskos Niko , Zolnierkiewicz Grzegorz , Typek Janusz , Guskos Aleksander , Berczynski Pawel , Petridis Dimitri 
Published: October 2011

Abstract
Solids containing an extended network of free radicals have been prepared and studied by magnetic resonance techniques in the 4–290 K temperature range. One solid contained additionally a small amount of magnetic γ-Fe2O3 in the form of nanoparticle agglomerates. The solid without agglomerates displayed only a narrow, single resonance line centered at g
eff = 2.0043. The magnetic resonance measurements of the solid with γ-Fe2O3 agglomerates gave a spectrum composed of two lines attributed to two different magnetic centers: a narrow line due to free radicals and a broad line arising from magnetic iron oxide agglomerates. In the high temperature range the integrated intensities of both lines decreased with decreasing temperature. The resonance field of the broad line shifted to lower magnetic fields upon lowering the temperature with the gradient ΔH
r/ΔT = 2.3 G/K, while the narrow line shifted towards higher magnetic fields. The linewidth of the broader line increased with decreasing temperature while for the narrow lines in both samples this change was small. The magnetic iron oxide clusters produce a magnetic field which acts on the free radicals network and its strength depends essentially on the concentration of clusters. The reorientation process in the free radicals network is more intense in the sample without magnetic clusters.
Photosensitised oxidation of a water pollutant using sulphonated porphyrin
Authors: Gmurek Marta , Miller Jacek 
Published: October 2011

AbstractPhotodegradation of endocrine disrupting butylparaben (BP) in aerated aqueous solutions was studied using 4,4′,4″,4‴-(porphine-5,10,15,20-tetrayl)tetrakis(benzenesulphonic acid) (TPPS4), as a sensitiser. Influence of various parameters, such as initial sensitiser and BP concentration, pH of the reaction solution and oxygen content in the reaction solution, on the photosensitised oxidation was examined. It was found that the dominant pathway of BP degradation occurred in the reaction with molecular singlet oxygen 1O2, i.e. via photosensitised oxidation mechanism of type II. Kinetic parameters of the BP reaction with 1O2 were estimated.
Evaluation of biological effects of nanomaterials. Part I. Cyto- and genotoxicity of nanosilver composites applied in textile technologies
Authors: Wąsowicz Wojciech , Cieślak Małgorzata , Palus Jadwiga , Stańczyk Małgorzata , Dziubałtowska Elżbieta , Stępnik Maciej , Düchler Markus 
Published: October 2011

Abstract
Blooms of toxin-producing Cyanobacteria — a real threat in small dam reservoirs at the beginning of their operation
Authors: Pawlik-Skowrońska Barbara , Toporowska Magdalena 
Published: October 2011

Abstract
Large and harmful cyanobacterial blooms appeared in two newly-built artificial reservoirs shortly after being filled with water. Taxonomic composition of cyanobacterial communities was highly variable in both water bodies and fast species replacement was observed. In the first year of the operation of the smaller Konstantynów Reservoir, the mass development of Anabaena flos-aquae and Planktolyngbya limnetica (48.7 and 53.6% of the cyanobacterial abundance) occurred in summer, while in autumn the dominance of Planktothrix agardhii (99.9%, 14.95 × 106 ind. Dm−3) was noted. The surface scum developed in summer consisted of An. flos-aquae that contained high amounts of anatoxin-a (1412.4 μg AN-a dm−3 of scum) and smaller amounts of microcystins (10 μg eq. MC-LR dm−3 of scum). In the larger Kraśnik Reservoir, Aphanizomenon flos-aquae occurred in high abundance in spring and summer, however, it was replaced by different species of Microcystis (1.3 × 107 ind. dm−3) which created thick surface scum. Simultaneously, a hazardous increase in the total concentration of microcystins (from 13.6 to 788.5 μg eq. MC-LR dm−3 of water with scum) and anatoxin-a (from 0.03 to 43.6 μg dm−3) was observed.
Composition and density of plant-associated invertebrates in relation to environmental gradients and hydrological connectivity of wetlands
Authors: Obolewski Krystian 
Published: October 2011

Abstract
Frequency of occurrence and intensity of the raised water stage determine the structure of invertebrates in the wetland ecosystems of wetland river floodplains. In order to assess the relationships in a regulated, lowland river of moderate climate, samples of water and invertebrates inhabiting submerged shoots of reed Phragmites australis Trin Ex. Stued. were taken from the middle section of the Słupia River and five of its oxbow lakes.
The wetlands differed in hydrological activity (type of connection with the river). Redundancy Analysis (RDA) revealed that hydrological connectivity accounted for 37% of the total invertebrate variance, physico-chemical conditions — 21%, while the trophic state only — 7%. Linear regression showed that the highest species richness was observed in oxbow lakes connected to the river with one arm. Diversity and species evenness increased with the increasing hydrological connectivity. The study revealed that plant-associated invertebrates inhabiting wetlands can be the main source for the reconstruction of biodiversity after floods.
Periphyton dry mass, ash content, and chlorophyll content on natural substrata in three water bodies of different trophy
Authors: Romanów Małgorzata , Witek Zbigniew 
Published: October 2011

Abstract
Periphyton communities were studied on several dominating macrophytes, Phragmites australis, Potamogeton lucens, and Nuphar lutea, in three different types of lakes. In soft-water mesotrophic Lake Mały Borek and in shallow, eutrophic Lake Gardno samples were collected about once every two months from April to November 2009. In eutrophic Szczecin Lagoon (the estuary of the Oder River), samples were only collected once in July. The aim of this paper was to determine the dry mass, the ash content, and the chlorophyll-a content of periphyton on a natural substratum, in order to determine the mass, the inorganicorganic status of periphyton, and the auto-heterotrophic character of this complex. The analyzed periphytic communities exhibited low dry mass at the beginning of the growth season, which increased with colonization period on the aquatic vegetation. The highest (but still low) values were achieved in autumn, which persisted, with small loss, until spring of the subsequent year. The differences in dry mass between each type of lake were small, but in the strongly eutrophic Szczecin Lagoon this index was slightly higher than in the other two water bodies. The highest dry mass was noted for periphyton dominated by Cordylophora caspia colonies overgrowing common reeds and for periphyton on Potamogeton lucens in Szczecin Lagoon. In shallow water bodies, such as Lake Gardno and Szczecin Lagoon, wind causes strong resuspension of sediments. This can explain the relatively high level of inorganic matter in dry mass of the periphyton in both water bodies. However, the small ash content in periphyton in Mały Borek may result from the soft-water character of this lake. The hetero-autotrophic status of the periphytic community prevailed throughout the study period in Gardno and Mały Borek lakes. The auto-heterotrophic status of periphyton was noted only in short periods of time in each lake.
Phyto- and zooplankton in fishponds contaminated with heavy metal runoff from a lead-zinc mine
Authors: Wilk-Woźniak Elżbieta , Pociecha Agnieszka , Ciszewski Dariusz , Aleksander-Kwaterczak Urszula , Walusiak Edward 
Published: October 2011

Abstract
This investigation focused on plankton inhabiting fishponds, which previously received mine waters from the lead-zinc mine ‘Matylda’, located in southern Poland (Upper Silesia). The purpose of the investigation was to study the effects of chronic and persistent contamination of fishpond bottom sediments with heavy metals originated from the lead and zinc mine. The phyto-and zooplankton in the four fishponds were dominated by diatoms, green algae and rotifers. Plankton composition of the reference non-contaminated pond was different, since Chrysophytes dominated, and Copepoda were the most numerous among zooplankton. In the contaminated fishponds, we observed teratological forms, both for phyto-and zooplankton species, but only as individuals. Our results showed that planktonic communities had adapted to chronic and persistent heavy metal contamination.
Leaves as “crackers”, biofilm as “peanut butter”: Exploratory use of stable isotopes as evidence for microbial pathways in detrital food webs
Authors: France Robert 
Published: October 2011

Abstract
Laboratory experiments have shown benthic macroinvertebrates to be capable of consuming heterotrophic organisms which develop on decomposing terrestrial leaves. Questions remain, however, as to whether these microbial biofilms represent a significant energy source to macroinvertebrates within the natural environment compared to that supplied by leaf substrates themselves. A compilation of literature data on field measurements of stable nitrogen isotope ratios for herbivorous macroinvertebrates suggests that assimilation of microbial biofilms may be the principle means by which allochthonous organic matter enters freshwater detrital food webs.
Adult Psychiatric Outcomes of Very Low Birth Weight Survivors
Authors: Westrupp Elizabeth M. , Northam Elisabeth , Doyle Lex W. , Callanan Catherine , Anderson Peter J. 
Published: October 2011

Background: Childhood studies have identified relationships between low birth weight and a variety of psychological disorders. However, very few studies have prospectively followed VLBW survivors into adulthood and none have examined adult psychiatric disorders in this population. Objective: This exploratory study sought to determine the rates and nature of psychiatric disorders in very low birth weight (VLBW, birth weight < 1500 g) adults. Method: 117 VLBW participants and 32 normal birth weight (NBW, birth weight > 2499 g) controls, born 1977–1982, were assessed in early adulthood (24–29 years). Participants were first screened for psychopathology using the Symptoms Checklist (SCL-90-R). Participants who were elevated on this measure were eligible for a Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV-TR (SCID-I/NP) to determine a formal psychiatric diagnosis. Results: VLBW adults were more likely than controls to be elevated on the Global Severity Index (odds ratio (OR) = 4.29, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.96, 19.14) and the depression (OR = 5.17, 95%CI = 1.17, 23.00), paranoid ideation (OR = 4.08, 95%CI = 0.91, 18.23), hostility (relative risk (RR) = 1.34, 95%CI = 1.21, 1.49), and interpersonal sensitivity (OR = 3.80, 95%CI = 1.08, 13.32) subscales of the SCL-90-R. VLBW adults were also more likely to be diagnosed with a current mood disorder than NBW adults (RR = 1.36, 95%CI = 1.22, 1.51). Conclusions: VLBW adults are at greater risk of psychopathology than NBW peers.
Stigmatizing Attitudes towards People with Mental Disorders: Findings from an Australian National Survey of Mental Health Literacy and Stigma
Authors: Reavley Nicola J. , Jorm Anthony F. 
Published: October 2011

Objective: This paper reports findings from a national survey on stigmatizing attitudes towards people with depression, anxiety disorders and schizophrenia/psychosis. Method: In 2011 telephone interviews were carried out with 6019 Australians aged 15 or over. Participants were presented with a case vignette describing either depression, depression with suicidal thoughts, early schizophrenia, chronic schizophrenia, social phobia or post-traumatic stress disorder. Questions were asked about stigmatizing attitudes, including perceptions of discrimination, personal and perceived stigma and desire for social distance. Results: Chronic schizophrenia was most likely to be associated with dangerousness, unpredictability and a preference for not employing someone with the problem, while social phobia was most likely to be seen as due to personal weakness. Attitudes concerning dangerousness and social distance were greater in relation to men with mental disorders compared to women. Other people were perceived as more likely to hold stigmatizing attitudes than the respondents reported for themselves. Conclusions: Anti-stigma interventions are more likely to be successful if they focus on individual disorders rather than on ‘mental illness’ in general. Such interventions may need to address perceptions of social phobia as being due to weakness and those of dangerousness in people with more severe disorders. Such interventions should also focus on bringing beliefs about public perceptions in line with personal beliefs.
Une ethnographie de l'intégration professionnelle du gardien de la paix et du police constable
Authors: Cassan Damien 
Published: October 2011

Il s’agit de comparer la formation des policiers au grade de gardien de la paix et de « constable » en Angleterre et en France en isolant un moment rarement étudié : le stage réalisé sur la voie publique pendant la scolarité. À partir d’une enquête ethnographique menée dans les deux pays, on montrera que l’accueil des stagiaires, leur intégration au commissariat, leur suivi par des tuteurs, la motivation des tuteurs est tout à fait opposée en France et en Angleterre. Ces différences tiennent à la fois au type de recrutement des nouvelles recrues, à l’organisation du travail policier, mais aussi au rapport à l’usage de la force, distincts de part et d’autre de la Manche.
Les facteurs de perméabilité aux valeurs traditionnelles du métier de policier
Authors: Marc Alain 
Published: October 2011

Cet article présente les données de la quatrième et dernière passation d’un questionnaire sur la socialisation professionnelle des recrues policières québécoises, un questionnaire essentiellement inspiré de celui développé par Monjardet lors de son étude pionnière dite de la « cohorte ». Outre à présenter les évolutions d’attitude des répondants d’une passation à l’autre et de tenter de comprendre les facteurs explicatifs quant au développement de certains positionnements éthiques pas nécessairement au diapason de ce que l’on attend globalement de la police au Québec, nous présentons également une comparaison sommaire de ces développements avec ceux qu’avaient notés Monjardet dans le cas de sa propre étude. Nous proposons, en guise de conclusion, que le métier de policier, de technique qu’il a très longtemps été, tend à se professionnaliser de plus en plus sans que la formation spécifique, elle, suive la même tendance.
Non-Cavitated Approach for the Treatment of White Spot Lesions: A Case Report
Authors: Başaran Güvenç , Veli İlknur , Göncü Başaran Emine 
Published: October 2011

Aim: White spot lesions (WSLs) are the most frequently observed problems in patients with poor oral hygiene. If this problem is left untreated during the initial phase, it will ultimately need major treatment. One treatment alternative in the initial phase is the caries infiltration technique. The aim of this case report is to present the treatment of WSLs by using this technique.
Methodology: An 18-year-old female who had WSLs on the buccal surfaces of the lower left canine, first and second premolars and first molar after 8 months of fixed orthodontic therapy was included in this study. Icon-Infiltrant was applied for the treatment of WSLs.
Results: After Icon-Infiltrant application, the WSLs were cured. Conclusions: By using this technique, an esthetic smile can be achieved in one visit with the elimination of esthetic discoloration and the progression of the early enamel lesions can be prevented.
How to cite this article: Başaran G, Veli İ, Göncü Başaran E. Non-Cavitated Approach for the Treatment of White Spot Lesions: A Case Report. Int Dent Res 2011;2:65-69.
Linguistic Revision: The English in this manuscript has been checked by at least two professional editors, both native speakers of English.
Solution‐Processed Metallic Nanowire Electrodes as Indium Tin Oxide Replacement for Thin‐Film Solar Cells
Authors: Krantz Johannes , Richter Moses , Spallek Stefanie , Spiecker Erdmann , Brabec Christoph J. 
Published: October 2011

AbstractSolution processed silver nanowire (Ag NW) films are introduced as transparent electrodes for thin‐film solar cells. Ag NW electrodes were processed by doctor blade‐coating on glass substrates at moderate temperatures (less than 100 °C). The morphological, optical, and electrical characteristics of these electrodes were investigated as a function of processing parameters. For solar‐cell application, Ag NW electrodes with an average transparency of 90% between 450 and 800 nm and a sheet resistivity of ≈10 Ω per square were chosen. The performance of poly(3‐hexylthiophen‐2,5‐diyl):[6,6]‐phenyl‐C61‐butyric acid methyl ester (P3HT:PCBM) solar cells on Ag NW electrodes was found to match the performance of otherwise identical cells on indium tin oxide. Overall, P3HT:PCBM solar cells with an efficiency of 2.5% on transparent Ag NW electrodes have been realized.
Thermal insulation property of cu‐metallized nanofibers
Authors: Park Soonjee , Lee Yujin , Kim Byoung‐Suhk , Kim Ick‐Soo 
Published: October 2011

AbstractThis study investigated the thermal insulation properties of laminated nanofiber web metallized with copper to explore its potential application for use in wear via mass production process. Copper metallization formed a more compact morphology with fine pores, resulting in piling up the air within the ultrathin nanoporous layers. The mechanism of thermal insulation of laminated nanofiber web metallized with copper could be illustrated as following: As deposited on the nanofiber webs, copper reflects the heat from the body back and the air stacked within the nanofiber layers, preventing the emission of heat flux out of the fabric. It was clearly found that metallization could maintain the inside temperature more highly than nonmetallized material by ca. 1.0–1.5°C. The results obtained from this study suggested the wide applications of metallization to protective and energy‐saving products such as garments, filters, and interior materials. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Adv Polym Techn 31: 1–6, 2012; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/adv.20229
Artificial neural network–based supercritical fluid dosage control for microcellular injection molding
Authors: Sun Xiaofei , Turng Lih‐Sheng , Dougherty Eugene , Gorton Patrick 
Published: October 2011

AbstractSupercritical fluid (SCF) dosage is one of the most important parameters for the microcellular injection molding process. Current fierce market competition calls for high part quality and consistency, which places stringent requirements on the accuracy and repeatability of the SCF dosage and the dosing system. In this study, an artificial neural network (ANN)‐based SCF dosage control strategy was proposed. An ANN model was constructed and utilized to predict the coming SCF pressure drop in the current injection molding cycle, which is a dominant factor and major source of uncertainty of the SCF dosage. Precompensation to the SCF delivery pressure can then be made according to the prediction to achieve a repeatable SCF pressure drop and thus a repeatable SCF dosage for every injection molding cycle. The result shows that this control strategy can be successfully implemented and that it leads to significant improvements in dosage consistency and part quality. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Adv Polym Techn 31: 7–19, 2012; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/adv.20230
An anionic long‐circulating liposome that improves radioiodinated antisense oligonucleotide delivery in vitro and in vivo
Authors: Xie Jiawei , Ma Chao , Lin Jizheng , Wang Guoming , Kuang Anren , Zuo Shuyao 
Published: October 2011

AbstractThis study reports the antitumor effects of radioiodinated antisense oligonucleotides (ASON) mediated by anionic long‐circulating liposomes (ALCL) on MCF‐7 breast cancer cells in vitro and the pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution of ALCL in vivo. Our results found that ALCL improves the delivery of radioiodinated ASON, characterized by significant apoptosis, decreased cell survival, and suppressed bcl‐2 protein expression in MCF‐7 cells. ALCL exhibited bicompartmental clearance and demonstrated significantly favorable pharmacokinetic properties including long half‐life, slow clearance, and a large concentration–time curve. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Adv Polym Techn 31: 20–28, 2012; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/adv.20231
Investigation of parameters affecting the flux of microfiltration poly(vinylidenefluoride) membranes for particulate removal
Authors: Madaeni S. S. , Pourghorbani R. , Vatanpour V. 
Published: October 2011

AbstractThe effects of membrane preparation conditions on characteristics of poly(vinylidenefluoride) (PVDF) microfiltration membranes dissolved in dimethylacetamide (DMAc) were studied. Influence of the casting thickness, coagulation bath temperature, evaporation time, and casting solution temperature on membrane performance and morphology was investigated. The flat‐sheet membranes prepared by immersion precipitation technique were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Membrane performance was evaluated by estimation of flux and rejection using blue indigo dye suspension as the feed. The results showed that by increasing the casting thickness, flux was initially improved due to the formation of more macrovoids. However, a further thickness increment leads to lower flux due to establishment of higher resistance against the water flow. Effect of the coagulation bath temperature and evaporation time on membrane morphology was particularly correlated to the temperature difference between the coagulation bath and the casting solution. For similar temperature of casting solution and coagulation bath, higher flux was observed for shorter evaporation time. However, higher flux was obtained for longer evaporation time when the temperature of casting solution and coagulation bath was dissimilar. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Adv Polym Techn 31: 29–40, 2012; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/adv.20232
Fractal characterization of impact fracture surface of polypropylene nanocomposites
Authors: Liang J. Z. , Wu C. B. 
Published: October 2011

AbstractThe particle surface of nanometer calcium carbonate (nano‐CaCO3) was treated by fatty acid and titanate coupling agent, and polypropylene (PP) composites filled with nano‐CaCO3 with the volume fraction range from 0 to 3.0% were prepared by means of melt blending in a twin‐screw extruder. The V‐notched impact strength of the nanocomposites was measured at room temperature. The V‐notched impact fracture surface fractal dimensions of PP/nano‐CaCO3 composites were measured by means of projective‐covering method, and the relationship between the fracture surface fractal dimension and the impact strength of these composites was investigated. The results showed that the fracture surface fractal dimension ranges from 2.367 to 2.412, all of the correlation coefficients were higher than 0.96, the strong correlation indicated that the fracture surface of the composites was fractal obviously, and the relationship between the impact strength and fractal dimension of the composites obeyed roughly exponential function. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Adv Polym Techn 31: 71–81, 2012; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/adv.20237