bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characterization of endothelial progenitor cells mobilization following cutaneous wounding
Authors: Morris Lee M. , Klanke Charles A. , Lang Stephanie A. , Pokall Stefan , Maldonado Arturo R. , Vuletin Jose F. , Alaee Datis , Keswani Sundeep G. , Lim Foong‐Yen , Crombleholme Timothy M. 
Published: June 2010

ABSTRACTBone marrow (BM)‐derived endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) are known to play an important role in neovascularization and wound healing. We investigated the temporal effects of cutaneous wounding on EPC surface markers within the peripheral blood and BM, and to better understand the role of the stromal cell‐derived factor‐1 alpha (SDF‐1α/CXCR4) axis on EPC mobilization after wounding. FVB/NJ mice were administered bilateral 8 mm circular full‐thickness skin wounds. Peripheral blood and BM were isolated at daily intervals postwounding through day 7 and analyzed for EPC mobilization characteristics and levels of SDF‐1α. Cutaneous wounding was found to cause a transient increase in EPC mobilization that peaked on day 3. In contrast, SDF‐1α protein within blood plasma was observed to significantly decrease on days 3, 4, and 7 following cutaneous wounding. BM levels of SDF‐1α protein decreased to a nadir on day 3, the same day as peak mobilization was observed to occur. The decrease in BM SDF‐1α protein levels was also associated with a decrease in SDF‐1α mRNA suggesting transcriptional down‐regulation as a contributing factor. This study for the first time characterizes EPC mobilization following cutaneous wounding in mice and supports a major role for the SDF‐1α/CXCR4 axis in regulating mobilization within the BM, without evidence for systemic increases in SDF‐1α.
Improvement of hypertrophic scarring by using topical anti‐fibrogenic/anti‐inflammatory factors in a rabbit ear model
Authors: Rahmani‐Neishaboor Elham , Yau Farrah Meng‐kay , Jalili Reza , Kilani Ruhangiz T. , Ghahary Aziz 
Published: June 2010

ABSTRACTThis study investigates the scar‐reducing efficacy of topical application of stratifin and acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) in a rabbit ear model. A total of five New Zealand white rabbits with four wounds per ear were examined. Either recombinant stratifin (0.002%) or ASA (0.5%) incorporated in carboxymethyl cellulose gel was topically applied on each wound at postwounding Day 5. Scars were harvested at postwounding Day 28 for histological analysis. The wounds treated with stratifin and ASA showed 82 and 73% reduction in scar volume, respectively, compared with that of untreated controls. A reduction of 57 and 41% in total tissue cellularity along with 79 and 91% reduction in infiltrated CD3+ T cells were observed in response to treatment with stratifin and ASA, respectively, compared with those of untreated controls. Wounds treated with stratifin showed a 2.8‐fold increase in matrix metalloproteinase‐1 expression, which resulted in a 48% decrease in collagen density compared with those of untreated controls. Qualitative wound assessment showed a reduced hypertrophic scarring in stratifin and ASA‐treated wounds when compared with the controls. This study showed that topical application of either stratifin or ASA‐impregnated carboxymethyl cellulose gel reduced hypertrophic scar formation following dermal injuries in a rabbit ear fibrotic model.
Resistance to Wear of Four Matrices with Ball Attachments for Implant Overdentures: A Fatigue Study
Authors: Branchi Roberto , Vangi Dario , Virga Antonio , Guertin Genevieve , Fazi Giovanni 
Published: June 2010

Abstract Purpose: The study evaluated in vitro the retention force and the wear resistance over simulated function of four matrix components of ball attachments for implant‐retained overdentures. Materials and Methods: Four types of matrices for ball attachments were evaluated in a fatigue study simulating 5500 cycles of insertion and removal. The matrices used were (1) a Teflon matrix supported by a metal housing, (2) a titanium matrix, (3) a gold alloy matrix, (4) an O‐ring matrix using the red color ring for medium retention. Dimensional changes of the ball attachments were investigated with a profilometer. Results: The Teflon matrices showed an increase of 27% in retention at 5500 cycles while the gold alloy matrices showed an increase of 50% in retention in the first 500 cycles and remained relatively stable up to 5500 cycles. On the other hand, titanium matrices and O‐ring matrices exhibited progressive loss of retention ending with 68% and 75% of retention loss, respectively, at 5500 cycles. Dimensional analysis by profilometer revealed significant wear on the ball attachment only for titanium matrixes. Conclusions: Gold alloy and Teflon matrices showed the highest retention values without retention loss after 3 years of simulated function. Titanium and O‐ring matrices presented a continuous loss of retention with the highest wear on the ball attachments when combined with the titanium matrix.
Relevant Anatomic and Biomechanical Studies for Implant Possibilities on the Atrophic Maxilla: Critical Appraisal and Literature Review
Authors: Rossetti Paulo Henrique Orlato , Bonachela Wellington Cardoso , Rossetti Leylha Maria Nunes 
Published: June 2010

Abstract Purpose: The purpose of this review was to highlight anatomic and biomechanical aspects of atrophic maxillae for implant possibilities. Materials and Methods: A MEDLINE electronic search of the years 1966 to 2009 was conducted with the keywords “atrophic,”“resorbed,”“edentulous,” and “maxilla.” Results: Twenty papers presented the following findings: (1) previous use of a removable prosthesis is a risk factor for resorption, with flabby tissues related to the severity of resorption; (2) implants in the reconstructed maxilla (≤5 mm) and supporting overdentures had a higher risk for bone loss based on the worse periimplant soft‐tissue health observed; (3) bleeding on probing was found with pocket depths ≥5 mm in half of the zygomatic implants; (4) prevalence of bone septa is higher in atrophic maxillae, and changes on nasopalatine canal can reduce up to 44.4% of the full length of buccal bone plates; (5) female patients have less medullar bone quantity and connectivity than male patients; (6) transectioning of nutrient vessels is easier and accelerates resorption; (7) stress does not concentrate on maxillary sinus base cortical bone contiguous to trabecular bone; (8) splinted implants receive nine times less load than nonsplinted implants even under oblique loading; (9) implant stability quotient (ISQ) values for implants ranged between 60 and 65; (10) in vivo force transfer to implants is similar between fixed prostheses and overdentures; (11) inclined implants generate better biomechanical responses; (12) masticatory efficiency and bite forces improve in maxillectomized patients who receive obturators with milled bar attachments. Conclusion: Sound implant‐supported choices for an atrophic maxilla must be made with a thorough understanding of its anatomic and biomechanical factors.
A prospective, randomized pilot study on the safety and efficacy of recombinant human growth and differentiation factor‐5 coated onto β‐tricalcium phosphate for sinus lift augmentation
Authors: Koch Felix P. , Becker Jürgen , Terheyden Hendrik , Capsius Björn , Wagner Wilfried ,   on behalf of the research group of this multicenter clinical trial
Published: June 2010

AbstractObjectives: The aim of this prospective, randomized clinical trial was to investigate the potential of recombinant human growth and differentiation factor‐5 (rhGDF‐5) coated onto β‐tricalcium phosphate (β‐TCP) (rhGDF‐5/β‐TCP) to support bone formation after sinus lift augmentation.Material and methods: In total, 31 patients participated in this multicenter clinical trial. They required a two‐stage unilateral maxillary sinus floor augmentation (residual bone height <5 mm). According to a parallel‐group design, the patients were randomized to three treatment groups: (a) augmentation with rhGDF‐5/β‐TCP and a 3‐month healing period, (b) augmentation with rhGDF‐5/β‐TCP and a 4‐month healing period and (c) medical device β‐TCP mixed with autologous bone and a 4‐month healing period. The primary study objective was the area of newly formed bone within the augmented area as assessed by histomorphometric evaluation of trephine bur biopsies.Results: The osseous regeneration was similar in each treatment group; the amount of newly formed bone ranged between 28% (± 15.5%) and 31.8% (± 17.9%). Detailed analysis of histological data will be published elsewhere. As secondary efficacy variables, the augmentation height at the surgery site was measured by radiography. The largest augmentation was radiologically achieved in the rhGDF‐5/β‐TCP – 3‐month and the rhGDF‐5/β‐TCP – 4‐month treatment groups. As safety parameters, adverse events were recorded and anti‐drug antibody levels were evaluated. Most of the adverse events were judged as unrelated to the study medication. Four out of 47 (8.5%) implants failed in patients treated with rhGDF‐5/β‐TCP, a result that is in agreement with the general implant failure rate of 5–15%. Transiently very low amounts of anti‐rhGDF‐5 antibodies were detected in some patients who received rhGDF‐5, which was not related to the bone formation outcome.Conclusion: rhGDF‐5/β‐TCP was found to be effective and safe as the control treatment with autologous bone mixed β‐TCP in sinus floor augmentation. Thus, further investigation regarding efficacy and safety will be carried out in larger patient populations. To cite this article:
Koch FP, Becker J, Terheyden H, Capsius B, Wagner W, on behalf of the research group of this multicenter clinical trial. A prospective, randomized pilot study on the safety and efficacy of recombinant human growth and differentiation factor‐5 coated onto β‐tricalcium phosphate for sinus lift augmentation. Clin. Oral Impl. Res. 21, 2010; 1301–1308. doi: 10.1111/j.1600‐0501.2010.01949.x
The effect of nightshift on emergency registrars' clinical skills
Authors: Marcus Leonie , Liew Donald , Knott Jonathan 
Published: June 2010

AbstractObjective:  The effect of nightshift on ED staff performance is of clinical and risk‐management significance. Previous studies have demonstrated deterioration in psychomotor skills but the present study specifically assessed the impact of nightshift on clinical performance.Methods:  The ED registrars in a tertiary hospital were enrolled in a prospective observational study and served as their own controls. During nightshift, subjects were presented simulated scenarios and tested with eight clinical questions developed to Fellowship examination standard. Matched scenarios and questions for the same subjects during dayshift served as controls. Two investigators, blinded to subject identity and the setting in which questions were attempted, independently collated answers.Results:  Of 22 eligible subjects, all were recruited; four were excluded owing to incomplete data. A correlation of 0.99 was observed between the independent scoring investigators. Of a possible score of 17, the median result for nightshift was 9.5 (interquartile range: 8–11); corresponding value for dayshift was 12 (interquartile range: 10–13); P= 0.047.Conclusion:  Nightshift effect on clinical performance is anecdotally well known. The present study quantifies such effects, specifically for the ED setting, and paves the way for focused research. The implications for clinical governance strategies are significant, as the fraternity embraces the mandate to maintain quality emergency care 24 h per day.
Manipulation of nasal fractures with local anaesthetic: A ‘How to do it’ with online video tutorial
Authors: Repanos Costa , Anderson Daniel , Earnshaw James , Mitchell David , Coman William 
Published: June 2010

AbstractNasal fractures are the most common facial fractures and displaced fractures may cause considerable cosmetic concern. Traditionally, displaced nasal fractures have been manipulated under general anaesthesia (GA) performed within 2 weeks of the injury. Despite evidence for the benefit of local anaesthesia (LA), nasal fractures are still most commonly reduced under GA. We have presented a method of reduction of simple nasal fractures under LA in an outpatient setting. This has the advantage of being painless, simple to attempt and cost‐effective. If reduction is inadequate then a general anaesthetic reduction is still possible. A recent comprehensive systematic review of all the available evidence did not show any significant difference (in terms of cosmesis, pain or nasal obstruction) between using LA and GA methods and highlighted the evidence base to support LA. We describe our method of assessment and treatment of displaced nasal fractures and provide an online tutorial (http://sciencestage.com/v/22194/local‐anaesthetic‐nasal‐fracture‐reduction.html). It is important to keep in mind that any concerns should be referred to an otolaryngology specialist for further management and that practitioners attempting this technique should first receive training from an otolaryngologist.
Predictive value and validation of the NEECHAM Confusion Scale using DSM‐IV criteria for delirium as gold standard
Authors: Sörensen Duppils Gill , Johansson Inger 
Published: June 2010

sörensen duppils g. & johansson i. (2011) Predictive value and validation of the NEECHAM Confusion Scale using DSM‐IV criteria for delirium as gold standard.International Journal of Older People Nursing6, 133–142 doi: 10.1111/j.1748‐3743.2010.00232.xBackground. Delirium is common among older people in hospital and various instruments have been developed for detecting delirium. One of these, the NEECHAM Confusion Scale, is easy for nurses to administrate but needs to be tested further.Aims and objectives. The aim of the present study was to assess the validity and predictive value of the NEECHAM Confusion Scale.Methods. The study was conducted among 149 patients aged ≥65, who had undergone surgery for a hip fracture. The patients were observed daily using DSM‐IV criteria for delirium. The NEECHAM Confusion Scale was performed upon admission and prior to discharge.Results. The incidence of DSM‐IV related delirium was 24%. Patients who scored below 25 points on the NEECHAM scale had a 12 times higher risk of developing DSM‐IV related delirium. During admission, the sensitivity of NEECHAM was zero because all patients with DSM‐IV delirium were excluded, the specificity was 75%. On discharge, it was 100% and 91% respectively.Conclusions. This study adds to the body of knowledge that NEECHAM discriminates for delirium. It is a valid and reliable screening instrument for predicting delirium. The instrument can be used for clinical practice to identify patients who are at risk of contracting delirium and when considering prevention measures.
Effect of Nano TiO2 on Self‐cleaning Property of Cross‐linking Cotton Fabric with Succinic Acid Under UV Irradiation
Authors: Karimi Loghman , Mirjalili Mohammad , Yazdanshenas Mohammad Esmail , Nazari Ali 
Published: June 2010

AbstractOptimization of curing cotton textiles through self‐cleaning property constructs the main goal of the present study. Cotton fabrics with 0.1, 0.3, 0.5, 1 and 1.5 on weight of bath percent were cured by nano titanium dioxide (P25 Degussa) with cross‐link and non cross‐link methods. In this study, succinic acid was used as a cross‐link agent to attach TiO2 to the cotton. The amount of loaded titania particles to cotton fabrics and the thermal behavior of cured samples were studied by the burning method and thermogravimetric analysis, respectively. Self‐cleaning degree of cured samples, stained with natural and synthesized dyes under irradiation of 20 and 400 W UV lamps was investigated by a reflectance spectrophotometer. The structure and morphology of treated cotton fabrics were investigated using scanning electron microscopy and crystallinity of titania coatings by X‐ray diffraction spectroscopy. The tearing strengths of titania‐coated cotton fabrics before and after light irradiation were measured. Results showed that the stability of nano TiO2 coating and self‐cleaning degree of treated samples with cross‐link method were much higher than those of non cross‐link method, and cotton cellulosic chains were not decomposed by the photocatalytic activity of titania.
EPIGRAPHY, LEGISLATION, AND POWER WITHIN THE ATHENIAN EMPIRE
Authors: LIDDEL PETER 
Published: June 2010

Abstract
This paper begins by assessing the non-Athenian epigraphical evidence for state regulations in the fifth-century Aegean, and in so doing poses questions about the nature, extent, and fluctuation of the Athenian impact on the legalistic and epigraphic habits of her allies. In the second part of the paper, on the basis of a close examination of the Athenian regulations for Erythrai, I shall raise and investigate the possibility that certain Athenian regulations were couched in a rhetoric that would have seemed familiar to their allied readers.
CICERO'S FIRST PHILIPPIC AND THE FALL OF THE REPUBLIC
Authors: USHER STEPHEN 
Published: June 2010

Abstract
This study has two parallel themes, one literary, the other historical. It is argued that it was in the First Phillipic, rather than its more famous successor, that Cicero made his irrevocable break with Antony. Prior to that, it had been a combination of indecision, absence from key senatorial meetings, and underestimate of the designs and the capacity of Caesar's heir Octavius, that gradually marginalized him politically and deprived the Republic of its last potentially effective champion.
Damage of the Bacterial Cell Envelope by Antimicrobial Peptides Gramicidin S and PGLa as Revealed by Transmission and Scanning Electron Microscopy
Authors: Hartmann Mareike , Berditsch Marina , Hawecker Jacques , Ardakani Mohammad Fotouhi , Gerthsen Dagmar , Ulrich Anne S. 
Published: June 2010

ABSTRACTScanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used to examine the ultrastructural changes in bacteria induced by antimicrobial peptides (AMPs). Both the β-stranded gramicidin S and the α-helical peptidyl-glycylleucine-carboxyamide (PGLa) are cationic amphiphilic AMPs known to interact with bacterial membranes. One representative Gram-negative strain,Escherichia coliATCC 25922, and one representative Gram-positive strain,Staphylococcus aureusATCC 25923, were exposed to the AMPs at sub-MICs and supra-MICs in salt-free medium. SEM revealed a shortening and swelling of theE. colicells, and multiple blisters and bubbles formed on their surface. TheS. aureuscells seemed to burst upon AMP exposure, showing open holes and deep craters in their envelope. TEM revealed the formation of intracellular membranous structures in both strains, which is attributed to a lateral expansion of the lipid membrane upon peptide insertion. Also, some morphological alterations in the DNA region were detected forS. aureus. AfterE. coliwas incubated with AMPs in medium with low ionic strength, the cells appeared highly turgid compared to untreated controls. This observation suggests that the AMPs enhance osmosis through the inner membrane, before they eventually cause excessive leakage of the cellular contents. The adverse effect on the osmoregulatory capacity of the bacteria is attributed to the membrane-permeabilizing action of the amphiphilic peptides, even at low (sub-MIC) AMP concentrations. Altogether, the results demonstrate that both TEM and SEM, as well as appropriate sample preparation protocols, are needed to obtain detailed mechanistic insights into peptide function.
Evaluation of Biophotonic Imaging To Estimate Bacterial Burden in Mice Infected with Highly Virulent Compared to Less Virulent
Streptococcus pneumoniae
Serotypes
Authors: Henken Stefanie , Bohling Jennifer , Ogunniyi A. David , Paton James C. , Salisbury Vyvyan C. , Welte Tobias , Maus Ulrich A. 
Published: June 2010

ABSTRACT

Bioluminescence imaging is an innovative, noninvasive tool to analyze infectious disease progression under real-life conditions in small laboratory animals. However, the relevance of bioluminescence imaging to monitor invasive compared to noninvasive bacterial infections of the lung has not been examined so far. In the current study, we systematically evaluated the importance of bioluminescence imaging to monitor pneumococcal disease progression by correlating biophotonic signals with lung bacterial loads in two mouse strains (BALB/c, C57BL/6) infected with either self-glowing, bioluminescent serotype 19
Streptococcus pneumoniae
causing focal pneumonia or serotype 2
S. pneumoniae
causing invasive pneumococcal disease. The best correlations between bioluminescence signals and lung CFU counts were observed in BALB/c mice compared to C57BL/6 mice just on day 3 after infection with invasive serotype 2
S. pneumoniae
, while excellent correlations between photon counts and bacterial loads were observed in isolated lungs of BALB/c and C57BL/6 mice, irrespective of the employed pneumococcal serotype. Moreover, good correlations between biophotonic signals and CFU counts were also observed in mice upon infection with serotype 19
S. pneumoniae
causing focal pneumonia in mice, again with best correlation values obtained for BALB/c mice at day 3 postinfection. Collectively, we show that the relevance of biophotonic imaging to monitor
S. pneumoniae
-induced lung infections in mice is largely influenced by the disease model under investigation. The provided data may be important for studies of infectious diseases.
High-grade transformation of adenoid cystic carcinomas: a study of the expression of GLUT1 glucose transporter and of mitochondrial antigen
Authors: Bonfitto V L , Demasi A P , Costa A F , Bonfitto J F , Araujo V C , Altemani A 
Published: June 2010

AimsTo broaden understanding of phenomena involved in progression from classical adenoid cystic carcinomas (ACCs) to tumours with high-grade transformation (ACC-HGT)MethodsExpression of proteins linked to cellular metabolism as well as the microvascular density (MVD) in conventional and transformed areas were analysed. Findings were compared with ordinary ACCs. In seven cases of ACC-HGT and in 18 ACCs the expressions of GLUT1, mitochondrial antigen (MTA), CD34 (for assessing MVD), α-SMA and P63 (for detection of myoepithelial cells) and Ki-67 (for evaluation of proliferation index) were examined.ResultsThe transformed component corresponded to adenocarcinomas with frequent (four cases) or scarce/absent (three cases) gland differentiation. In the latter, Ki-67 index was higher, two patients presented lymphatic metastasis and one died of disease. In the former, there was one long-term survivor and one with liver metastasis. Conventional areas of both ACC-HGT and ACC were negative for GLUT1 in most cases (83.3% and 81.3%, respectively) and exhibited low or no expression of MTA (100% and 66.7% of cases, respectively). In contrast, the HGT component presented increased expression of both proteins (GLUT1+ in 50% of cases; MTA+ in 100%). However, the degree of GLUT1 expression did not correlate with clinical outcome. MVD did not differ significantly between conventional and transformed components.ConclusionsTransformation of classical ACC into ACC-HGT encompasses adenocarcinomas with variable degrees of differentiation and seems to lead to metabolic changes without reflection in tumour vasculature. Despite the tumours' higher GLUT1 expression, this protein has no utility as a prognostic marker.