bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis of the photosynthetic apparatus in transgenic tobacco plants with altered endogenous cytokinin content: a proteomic study
Authors: Cortleven Anne , Noben Jean-Paul , Valcke Roland 
Published: June 2011

Abstract

Background
Cytokinin is a plant hormone that plays a crucial role in several processes of plant growth and development. In recent years, major breakthroughs have been achieved in the elucidation of the metabolism, the signal perception and transduction, as well as the biological functions of cytokinin. An important activity of cytokinin is the involvement in chloroplast development and function. Although this biological function has already been known for 50 years, the exact mechanisms remain elusive.

Results
To elucidate the effects of altered endogenous cytokinin content on the structure and function of the chloroplasts, chloroplast subfractions (stroma and thylakoids) from transgenic Pssu-ipt and 35S:CKX1 tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) plants with, respectively, elevated and reduced endogenous cytokinin content were analysed using two different 2-DE approaches. Firstly, thykaloids were analysed by blue-native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis followed by SDS-PAGE (BN/SDS-PAGE). Image analysis of the gel spot pattern thus obtained from thylakoids showed no substantial differences between wild-type and transgenic tobacco plants. Secondly, a quantitative DIGE analysis of CHAPS soluble proteins derived from chloroplast subfractions indicated significant gel spot abundance differences in the stroma fraction. Upon identification by MALDI-TOF/TOF mass spectrometry, these proteins could be assigned to the Calvin-Benson cycle and photoprotective mechanisms.

Conclusion
Taken together, presented proteomic data reveal that the constitutively altered cytokinin status of transgenic plants does not result in any qualitative changes in either stroma proteins or protein complexes of thylakoid membranes of fully developed chloroplasts, while few but significant quantitative differences are observed in stroma proteins.
Gallus Heat shock cognate protein 70, a novel binding partner of Apoptin
Authors: Chen Kun , Luo Zheng , Zheng Shijun J 
Published: June 2011

Abstract

Background
Chicken anemia virus (CAV) infection of newly hatched chickens induces generalized lymphoid atrophy and causes immunosuppressive. VP3, also known as Apoptin, is non-structural protein of CAV. Apoptin specifically induces apoptosis in transformed or tumor cells but not in normal cells. In particular, there are no known cellular homologues of Apoptin hindering genetic approaches to elucidate its cellular function. Although a number of Apoptin-interacting molecules have been identified, the molecular mechanism underlying Apoptin's action is still poorly understood. To learn more about the molecular mechanism of Apoptin's action, we searched for Apoptin associated proteins.

Results
Using yeast two-hybrid and colony-life filter approaches we got five positive yeast clones. Through sequencing and BLASTed against NCBI, one of the clones was confirmed containing Gallus heat shock cognate protein 70 (Hsc70). Hsc70 gene was clone into pRK5-Flag plasmid, coimmunoprecipitation assay show both exogenous Hsc70 and endogenous Hsc70 can interact with Apoptin. Truncated Apoptin expression plasmids were made and coimmunoprecipitation were performed, the results show the binding domain of Apoptin with Hsc70 is located between amino acids 30-60. Truncated expression plasmids of Hsc70 were also constructed and coimmunoprecipitation were performed, the results show the peptide-binding and variable domains of Hsc70 are responsible for the binding to Apoptin. Confocal assays were performed and results show that under physiological condition Hsc70 is predominantly distributed in cytoplasm, whereas Hsc70 is translocated into the nuclei and colocalized with Apoptin in the presence of Apoptin in DF-1 cell. Functional studies show that Apoptin markedly down-regulate the mRNA level of RelA/p65 in DF-1 cell. To explore the effect of Hsc70 on Apoptin-mediated RelA/p65 gene expression, we have searched two Hsc70 RNAi sequences, and found that all of them dramatically inhibited the expression of endogenous Hsc70, with the #2 Hsc70 RNAi sequence being the most effective. Knockdown of Hsc70 show Apoptin-inhibited RelA/p65 expression was abolished. Our data demonstrate that Hsc70 is responsible for the down-regulation of Apoptin induced RelA/p65 gene expression.

Conclusion
We identified Gallus Hsc70 as an Apoptin binding protein and showed the translocation of Hsc70 into the nuclei of DF-1 cells treated with Apoptin. Hsc70 regulates RelA/p65 gene expression induced by Apoptin.
Concomitant pulmonary tuberculosis and tuberculous appendicitis in a recipient of a renal transplant: a case report
Authors: Ardalan Mohammad R , Shoja Mohammadali M , Ghabili Kamyar 
Published: June 2011

AbstractIntroductionTuberculosis is still a serious infection among recipients of renal transplants. Although the ileocecal region is the most affected part in intestinal tuberculosis, acute tuberculous appendicitis is quite a rare entity. We report a case of concomitant pulmonary tuberculosis and tuberculous appendicitis in a recipient of a renal transplant.Case presentationA 27-year-old Iranian woman, who had been the recipient of a renal transplant five years earlier, presented with a two-week history of coughing, fever and weight loss. The cause of her end-stage renal disease was chronic pyelonephritis. There were fine crackles noted during a chest examination, and a plain chest radiography showed fine miliary nodules throughout her entire lung fields. Sputum and bronchial aspirate examination was positive for acid-fast bacilli, suggestive ofMycobacterium tuberculosisinfection. A chest computed tomography scan revealed widespread miliary nodules, compatible with miliary tuberculosis. She developed severe abdominal pain and abdominal surgery disclosed a perforated appendicitis. Histopathological examination of the resected appendix revealed widespread caseating epithelioid granulomas, suggestive of tuberculosis.ConclusionOur case report highlights a rare presentation of tuberculosis in a patient who has undergone renal transplant. Such unusual presentation of tuberculosis, particularly among patients receiving potent immunosuppressive protocols, should be considered by clinicians.
Solitary Peutz-Jeghers type hamartomatous polyps in the duodenum are not always associated with a low risk of cancer: two case reports
Authors: Sekino Yusuke , Inamori Masahiko , Hirai Mitsuru , Suzuki Kaori , Tsuzawa Kaoru , Akimoto Keiko , Takahata Ayako , Fujisawa Nobutaka , Saito Kumiko , Tsunemi Akisa , Tanaka Michio , Iida Hiroshi , Sakamoto Yasunari , Takahashi Hirokazu , Koide Tomoko , Tokoro Chikako , Abe Yasunobu , Nakajima Atsushi , Maeda Shin , Koyama Shigeru 
Published: June 2011

Abstract

Introduction
A hamartomatous polyp without associated mucocutaneous pigmentation or a family history of Peutz-Jeghers Syndrome is diagnosed as a solitary Peutz-Jeghers type hamartomatous polyp. As compared with Peutz-Jeghers Syndrome, Peutz-Jeghers type hamartomatous polyps are diagnosed with a lower risk of cancer and are regarded as a different disorder.

Case presentation
In case one, we describe an 84-year-old Japanese man with a 14 mm duodenal polyp. Endoscopic mucosal resection was performed and histological examination showed findings suggestive of a hamartomatous polyp with a focus of well-differentiated adenocarcinoma. In case two, we describe a 76-year-old Japanese man who had been treated for prostate, rectal and lung cancer. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy revealed a duodenal polyp measuring 15 mm in diameter. Endoscopic mucosal resection was performed, and histological examination showed findings suggestive of a hamartomatous polyp. Liver and thyroid cancers were found after the endoscopic treatment.

Conclusion
Although duodenal solitary hamartomatous polyps are associated with a lower risk of cancer, four patients, including our cases, have been diagnosed with cancerous polyps. Patients with duodenal solitary hamartomatous polyps should be treated by endoscopic or surgical resection and need whole-body screening.
Arthritis, osteomyelitis, septicemia and meningitis caused by Klebsiella in a low-birth-weight newborn: a case report
Authors: Ghorashi Ziaaedin , Nezami Nariman , Hoseinpour-feizi Hamideh , Ghorashi Sona , Tabrizi Jafar Sadegh 
Published: June 2011

AbstractIntroductionKlebsiella pneumoniaeis in most cases a hospital-acquired infection and presents as pneumonia, septicemia and meningitis in patients with some predisposing factors, including prematurity, intravenous catheter, history of antibiotic therapy and intravenous nutrients.Case presentationA low-birth-weight, 33-day-old Caucasian girl with respiratory distress syndrome was admitted to our hospital. She developed septicemia, meningitis, polyarticular arthritis and osteomyelitis by nosocomialK. pneumoniaewhich was resistant to most antibiotics except ciprofloxacin. She was therefore treated with ciprofloxacin and co-trimoxazole for eight weeks. After completion of the treatment course, she completely improved with excellent weight gain and without any adverse effects during three years of follow-up.ConclusionIn the resistant strain ofK. pneumoniae, ciprofloxacin could be considered as a therapeutic option with the prospect of a good outcome, even in neonates and infants.
Antibodies toward infliximab are associated with low infliximab concentration at treatment initiation and poor infliximab maintenance in rheumatic diseases
Authors: Ducourau Emilie , Mulleman Denis , Paintaud Gilles , Miow Lin Delphine Chu , Lauféron Francine , Ternant David , Watier Hervé , Goupille Philippe 
Published: June 2011

Abstract
Introduction
A proportion of patients receiving infliximab have antibodies toward infliximab (ATI), which are associated with increased risk of infusion reaction and reduced response to treatment. We studied the association of infliximab concentration at treatment initiation and development of ATI as well as the association of the presence of ATI and maintenance of infliximab.

Methods
All patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) or spondyloarthritis (SpA) receiving infliximab beginning in December 2005 were retrospectively followed until January 2009 or until infliximab discontinuation. Trough serum infliximab and ATI concentrations were measured at each visit. The patients were separated into two groups: ATIpos if ATI were detected at least once during the follow-up period and ATIneg otherwise. Repeated measures analysis of variance was used to study the association of infliximab concentration at treatment initiation and the development of ATI. Maintenance of infliximab in the two groups was studied by using Kaplan-Meier curves.

Results
We included 108 patients: 17 with RA and 91 with SpA. ATI were detected in 21 patients (19%). The median time to ATI detection after initiation of infliximab was 3.7 months (1.7 to 26.0 months). For both RA and SpA patients, trough infliximab concentration during the initiation period was significantly lower for ATIpos than ATIneg patients. RA patients showed maintenance of infliximab at a median of 19.5 months (5.0 to 31.0 months) and 12.0 months (2.0 to 24.0 months) for ATIneg and ATIpos groups, respectively (P = 0.08). SpA patients showed infliximab maintenance at a median of 16.0 months (3.0 to 34.0 months) and 9.5 months (3.0 to 39.0 months) for ATIneg and ATIpos groups, respectively (P = 0.20). Among SpA patients, those who were being treated concomitantly with methotrexate had a lower risk of developing ATI than patients not taking methotrexate (0 of 14 patients (0%) vs. 25 of 77 patients (32%); P = 0.03).

Conclusions
High concentrations of infliximab during treatment initiation reduce the development of ATI, and the absence of ATI may be associated with prolonged maintenance of infliximab. Thus, trough serum infliximab concentration should be monitored early in patients with rheumatic diseases.
CLUE: a randomized comparative effectiveness trial of IV nicardipine versus labetalol use in the emergency department
Authors: Peacock W Frank , Varon Joseph , Baumann Brigitte M , Borczuk Pierre , Cannon Chad M , Chandra Abhinav , Cline David M , Diercks Deborah , Hiestand Brian , Hsu A , Jois-Bilowich Preeti , Kaminski Brian , Levy Philip , Nowak Richard M , Schrock Jon W 
Published: June 2011

Abstract
Introduction
Our purpose was to compare the safety and efficacy of food and drug administration (FDA) recommended dosing of IV nicardipine versus IV labetalol for the management of acute hypertension.

Methods
Multicenter randomized clinical trial. Eligible patients had 2 systolic blood pressure (SBP) measures ≥180 mmHg and no contraindications to nicardipine or labetalol. Before randomization, the physician specified a target SBP ± 20 mmHg (the target range: TR). The primary endpoint was the percent of subjects meeting TR during the initial 30 minutes of treatment.

Results
Of 226 randomized patients, 110 received nicardipine and 116 labetalol. End organ damage preceded treatment in 143 (63.3%); 71 nicardipine and 72 labetalol patients. Median initial SBP was 212.5 (IQR 197, 230) and 212 mmHg (IQR 200,225) for nicardipine and labetalol patients (P = 0.68), respectively. Within 30 minutes, nicardipine patients more often reached TR than labetalol (91.7 vs. 82.5%, P = 0.039). Of 6 BP measures (taken every 5 minutes) during the study period, nicardipine patients had higher rates of five and six instances within TR than labetalol (47.3% vs. 32.8%, P = 0.026). Rescue medication need did not differ between nicardipine and labetalol (15.5 vs. 22.4%, P = 0.183). Labetalol patients had slower heart rates at all time points (P < 0.01). Multivariable modeling showed nicardipine patients were more likely in TR than labetalol patients at 30 minutes (OR 2.73, P = 0.028; C stat for model = 0.72)

Conclusions
Patients treated with nicardipine are more likely to reach the physician-specified SBP target range within 30 minutes than those treated with labetalol.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT00765648
Affective disorders, anxiety disorders and the risk of alcohol
dependence and misuse
Authors: Liang Wenbin , Chikritzhs Tanya 
Published: June 2011

BackgroundIt is unclear whether common affective disorders and anxiety disorders
increase the risk of alcohol dependence and alcohol misuse.AimsTo investigate whether affective disorders and anxiety disorders increase
the risk of alcohol dependence and alcohol misuse.MethodThis study is a retrospective cohort study based on data collected from
the 2007 Australia Mental Health and Well-Being survey. Both Poisson and
logistic regression models were used for multivariate analysis.ResultsParticipants with affective disorders (relative risk (RR) = 5.46, 95% CI
4.08–7.31 for alcohol dependence within 5 years of onset; RR = 2.77, 95%
CI 1.93–3.99 after first 5 years) and anxiety disorders (RR = 3.33, 95%
CI 2.37–4.68 for alcohol dependence within first 5 years of onset; RR =
3.56, 95% CI 2.72–4.64 after first 5 years) were at higher risk of
alcohol misuse and alcohol dependence.ConclusionsCommon affective disorders and anxiety disorders may increase the risk of
alcohol dependence and alcohol misuse among the Australian
population.
Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment in the Decision-Making Process in Elderly Patients With Cancer: ELCAPA Study
Authors: Caillet Philippe , Canoui-Poitrine Florence , Vouriot Johanna , Berle Muriel , Reinald Nicoleta , Krypciak Sebastien , Bastuji-Garin Sylvie , Culine Stephane , Paillaud Elena 
Published: June 2011

Purpose To identify Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment (CGA) components independently associated with changes in planned cancer treatment. Patients and Methods We prospectively included 375 consecutive elderly patients with cancer (ELCAPA01 study) assessed by geriatricians using the CGA. Multivariate analysis was used to identify factors associated with changes in the cancer treatment (intensification, decrease, or delayed > 2 weeks). Change was defined as a difference between the initial treatment proposal and the final treatment selected in a multidisciplinary meeting. Results Mean age was 79.6 years (standard deviation [SD], 5.6 years), and 197 (52.5%) were women. The most common tumor location was the digestive system (58.7%). The mean number of comorbidities was 4.2 (SD, 2.7) per patient, and the mean Cumulative Illness Rating Scale for Geriatrics score was 11.8 (SD, 5.3). After the CGA, the initial cancer treatment plan was modified for 78 (20.8%) of 375 patients (95% CI, 16.8 to 25.3), usually to decrease treatment intensity (63 [80.8%] of 78 patients). By univariate analysis, cancer treatment changes were associated with Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status ≥ 2 (73.3% in the group with changes v 41.1% in the in the group without changes; P < .001), dependency for one or more activities of daily living (ADL; 59.0% v 24.2%; P < .001), malnutrition (81.8% v 51.2%; P < .001), cognitive impairment (38.5% v 24.9%; P = .023), depression (52.6% v 21.7%; P < .001), and greater number of comorbidities (mean, 4.8 [SD, 2.9] v 4.0 [SD, 2.6]; P = .02). By multivariate analysis, factors independently associated with cancer treatment changes were a lower ADL score (odds ratio [OR], 1.25 per 0.5-point decrease; CI, 1.04 to 1.49; P = .016) and malnutrition (OR, 2.99; CI, 1.36 to 6.58; P = .007). Conclusion Functional status assessed by the ADL score and malnutrition were independently associated with changes in cancer treatment.
Calcium Plus Vitamin D Supplementation and the Risk of Nonmelanoma and Melanoma Skin Cancer: Post Hoc Analyses of the Women's Health Initiative Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Tang Jean Y. , Fu Teresa , LeBlanc Erin , Manson JoAnn E. , Feldman David , Linos Eleni , Vitolins Mara Z. , Zeitouni Nathalie C. , Larson Joseph , Stefanick Marcia L. 
Published: June 2011

PurposeIn light of inverse relationships reported in observational studies of vitamin D intake and serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels with risk of nonmelanoma skin cancer (NMSC) and melanoma, we evaluated the effects of vitamin D combined with calcium supplementation on skin cancer in a randomized placebo-controlled trial.MethodsPostmenopausal women age 50 to 79 years (N = 36,282) enrolled onto the Women's Health Initiative (WHI) calcium/vitamin D clinical trial were randomly assigned to receive 1,000 mg of elemental calcium plus 400 IU of vitamin D3 (CaD) daily or placebo for a mean follow-up period of 7.0 years. NMSC and melanoma skin cancers were ascertained by annual self-report; melanoma skin cancers underwent physician adjudication.ResultsNeither incident NMSC nor melanoma rates differed between treatment (hazard ratio [HR], 1.02; 95% CI, 0.95 to 1.07) and placebo groups (HR, 0.86; 95% CI, 0.64 to 1.16). In subgroup analyses, women with history of NMSC assigned to CaD had a reduced risk of melanoma versus those receiving placebo (HR, 0.43; 95% CI, 0.21 to 0.90; Pinteraction= .038), which was not observed in women without history of NMSC.ConclusionVitamin D supplementation at a relatively low dose plus calcium did not reduce the overall incidence of NMSC or melanoma. However, in women with history of NMSC, CaD supplementation reduced melanoma risk, suggesting a potential role for calcium and vitamin D supplements in this high-risk group. Results from this post hoc subgroup analysis should be interpreted with caution but warrant additional investigation.
Role of American Society of Clinical Oncology in Low- and Middle-Income Countries
Authors: Patel Jyoti D. , Galsky Matthew D. , Chagpar Anees B. , Pyle Doug , Loehrer Patrick J. 
Published: June 2011

The American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) is a global community of health care professionals whose stated purpose is to “make a world of difference” by improving cancer care around the world. Unfortunately, cancer survival rates vary significantly among countries with differing financial and infrastructural resources. Because ASCO is a professional oncology society committed to conquering cancer through research, education, prevention, and delivery of high-quality patient care, it is ideally suited to address this issue. ASCO could bring together oncology professionals and other necessary stakeholders from around the world to improve cancer care and lessen suffering for patients worldwide. As part of the ongoing commitment of ASCO to the future of cancer care, the Leadership Development Program was created to foster the leadership skills of early and midcareer oncologists and provide these participants with a working knowledge of the depth and breadth of the organization. As participants in the inaugural class of the ASCO Leadership Development Program, we were charged with investigating how ASCO might favorably affect cancer prevention and treatment in resource-poor countries in a cost-effective, scalable, and sustainable fashion. ASCO can significantly influence cancer care in low- and middle-income countries through a comprehensive approach that promotes cancer awareness and education, improves clinical practice by identifying and removing barriers to delivery of quality cancer care, and fosters innovation to initiate novel solutions to complex problems.
The Use of External Consultants by NHS Commissioners in England: What Lessons Can Be Drawn for GP Commissioning?
Authors: Naylor Chris , Goodwin Nick 
Published: June 2011

Objectives To describe the current use of external support by commissioners in the English NHS; assess what impact it is having; explore the factors influencing effectiveness; and draw out the implications for the future of NHS commissioning. Methods (1) Two national surveys of primary care trust managers. (2) Qualitative interviews and focus groups with representatives of 12 firms providing support services to commissioners. (3) Focus groups in three primary care trusts and interviews with representatives of two strategic health authorities (SHAs). Results The majority of survey respondents reported using external support (89% in 2010). Satisfaction levels were reasonably high, with most rating the service received as excellent or good. Perceived impact in the case study sites was mixed, but benefits were reported in a number of areas. There were cases where external support had not achieved its goals. Several factors contributed to success or failure, including difficulties around procuring external support; building effective working relationships; and implementing the ideas generated by external partners. There was evidence that commissioners do not always use support in a way that takes full advantage of the skills existing in external organizations. There was also some evidence that poorer performing organizations may be less successful in using external support effectively. Conclusions External support can play a role in improving the quality of commissioning. However, certain pitfalls must be avoided if it is to be used effectively. The role of external support will evolve (and may expand) as commissioning responsibilities are transferred to general practice consortia.