bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
From Heterodoxy to Orthodoxy and Vice Versa: Economics and Social Sciences in the Division of Academic Work
Authors: Bögenhold Dieter 
Published: November 2010

AbstractThe term “heterodox economics” has been in existence for several decades. Recent revival of heterodox economics can be regarded as a growing criticism of economists within the own profession of economics. Modern economics is designed as a one‐world‐capitalism without history and without regional specifications, without institutions, and without real human agents. Heterodox approaches have the aim to underline that different institutions matter, including religion, language, family structures and networks, systems of education, and industrial relations. Taking the discussion within a broader framework of the history of science acknowleges divergencies and convergencies between different approaches in economics that are also in permanent recomposition. The discussion comes up with the interpretation that recent academic developments provide chances for new modes of intellectual reintegration of formerly disparate areas.
The Economists of Tomorrow: The Case for Assertive Pluralism in Economics Education
Authors: Freeman Alan 
Published: November 2010

AbstractThis article presents the case for “assertive pluralism” in economics education and proposes how to achieve it, illustrating the point with reference to the U.K. Subject Benchmark Statement in Economics (SBSE). It proposes a revision of the benchmark, prioritizing the role of controversy in the teaching of economics, combined with pluralistic principles that uphold and guarantee critical and independent thinking. This reform is a necessary response to what Colander et al. (2009) term the “systemic failure” of economics—the inability of the profession, taken as a whole, to anticipate and understand the financial crash and recession of 2008. Failure on this scale testifies to a more deep‐seated weakness in economics than commonly recognized. It arises from what Turner (Tett 2009) terms the regulatory capture of the economics profession by narrow financial interests. The public, and the economics profession, require specific protection against the pressures that have produced this systemic failure. This requires a rethink of the relation of economics to society, founded on a rejection of the idea that the function of economics is to provide a single, unequivocal solution to every problem of policy. Instead, the article explains, good economics should be constrained to evaluate the full range of relevant solutions to any given policy issue, leaving the decisionmakers accountable for the decisions they make on which solution to adopt.
The Saddlepoint Approximation of Moran's I's and Local Moran's Ii's Reference Distributions and Their Numerical Evaluation
Authors: Tiefelsdorf Michael 
Published: November 2010

Global Moran's I and local Moran's Iiare the most commonly used test statistics for spatial autocorrelation in univariate map patterns or in regression residuals. They belong to the general class of ratios of quadratic forms for whom a whole array of approximation techniques has been proposed in the statistical literature, such as the prominent saddlepoint approximation by Offer Lieberman (1994). The saddlepoint approximation outperforms other approximation methods with respect to its accuracy and computational costs. In addition, only the saddlepoint approximation is capable of handling, in analytical terms, reference distributions of Moran's I that are subject to significant underlying spatial processes.The accuracy and computational benefits of the saddlepoint approximation are demonstrated for a set of local Moran's Ii statistics under either the assumption of global spatial independence or subject to an underlying global spatial process. Local Moran's Iiis known to have an excessive kurtosis and thus void the use of the simple approximation methods of its reference distribution. The results demonstrate how well the saddlepoint approximation fits the reference distribution of local Moran's Ii. Furthermore, for local Moran's Iiunder the assumption of global spatial independence several algebraic simplifications lead to substantial gains in numerical efficiency. This makes it possible to evaluate local Moran's Ii's significance in large spatial tessellations.
A Critical Comment on the Taylor Approach for Measuring World City Interlock Linkages
Authors: Nordlund Carl 
Published: November 2010

In the study of economic‐geographic structures, the shifting focus from the national state to the city and its region has highlighted the lack of reliable interurban data sets. The abundance of usable data sets on international structures and flows has no counterpart when studying interurban relations, which makes it hard to draw any extensive conclusions regarding the structure of world city networks.Instead of relying on available data sets, Peter Taylor has developed a method for generating data sets that, it is argued, can be used in research on the structure of the world city network. In this approach, actors are defined as cities with internal attribute service values, values reflecting the presence of different transnational service‐producing corporations in each city. The structural values between each pair of cities are then established by a mathematical formula based on the service value of each firm in each pair of cities.This procedure can be criticized on two accounts. First, although internal attributes on exceptional occasions can be used as a proxy and as a rough estimate for structural values, such studies must have a firm theoretical underpinning in order to be valid from a network‐analytical perspective. If not, such generated structural values become nothing more than a function of internal attributes, thus losing the whole basic idea of social network analysis. Second, the Taylor function used for generating structural values can be questioned. Why should a large presence of TNC offices in a pair of cities imply a larger city interlock link than would be the case between a high‐ranked city and a low‐ranked city, as the city with the larger service value probably serves cities with a lower service value with economic command, control, and support functions?
Behavioral Couples Therapy for the Treatment of Substance Abuse: A Substantive and Methodological Review of O'Farrell, Fals‐Stewart, and Colleagues' Program of Research
Authors: RUFF SARALYN , McCOMB JENNIFER L. , COKER CASEY J. , SPRENKLE DOUGLAS H. 
Published: November 2010

All abstracts are available in Spanish and Mandarin Chinese on Wiley Online Library (http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1111/(ISSN)1545‐5300). Please pass this information on to your international colleagues and students.Behavioral couples therapy (BCT) is an evidence‐based couple therapy intervention for married or cohabitating substance abusers and their partners. This paper provides readers with a substantive and methodological review of Fals‐Stewart, O'Farrell, and colleagues' program of research on BCT. The 23 studies included in this review provide support for the efficacy of BCT for improving substance use behavior, dyadic adjustment, child psychosocial outcomes, and reducing partner violence. This review includes a description of BCT, summaries of primary and secondary outcomes, highlights methodological strengths and weaknesses, notes barriers to dissemination, suggests future research directions, and provides clinical implications for couple and family therapists. Although there are several versions of BCT developed for the treatment of substance abuse this paper focuses on the version developed by O'Farrell, Fals‐Stewart, and colleagues.
A Multilevel Mediation Model of Stress and Coping for Women with HIV and Their Families
Authors: BRINCKS AHNALEE M. , FEASTER DANIEL J. , MITRANI VICTORIA B. 
Published: November 2010

All abstracts are available in Spanish and Mandarin Chinese on Wiley Online Library (http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1111/(ISSN)1545‐5300). Please pass this information on to your international colleagues and students.Families are influential systems and may be an important context in which to consider the stress and coping process. To date, many studies have focused on modeling the stress and coping process for the individual, isolated from the family. The purpose of this secondary analysis was to investigate a cross‐sectional stress and coping model for HIV‐positive African‐American mothers recruited from HIV service facilities in South Florida (n=214) and their family members (n=294). Avoidance coping was hypothesized to mediate the relationship between stress and psychological distress. In addition, the family average of individual stress was hypothesized to moderate the relationship between avoidance coping and psychological distress. For all constructs, individuals reported on themselves and multilevel modeling techniques were used to account for similarities between members of the same family. The estimated mediation effect was significant. Aggregated family stress significantly moderated the relationship between avoidance coping and psychological distress. This study suggests that individuals exhibit different relationships between avoidance coping and psychological outcomes and that average stress reported by members of a family moderates the relationship between avoidance coping and psychological distress.
Perceptions of Coparenting in Foster Care
Authors: LINARES LOURDES ORIANA , RHODES JENNIFER , MONTALTO DANIELA 
Published: November 2010

All abstracts are available in Spanish and Mandarin Chinese on Wiley Online Library (http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1111/(ISSN)1545‐5300). Please pass this information on to your international colleagues and students.Although literature supports the association between harmonious coparenting practices and lowered child problems, little is known about coparenting influences among family constellations in the foster care system. Via a compilation of a new coparenting practices measure, we examined similarities and differences on foster parent‐derived perceptions of support/flexibility, shared communication, conflict/triangulation, and total coparenting between foster and biological parents and their independent contribution to child internalizing and externalizing problems. Self‐reports were gathered from foster parents (N=80) in 2 groups: kin and nonkin. As compared with nonkin, kin foster parents reported higher perceived support/flexibility, shared communication, and total coparenting. A tendency for higher conflict/triangulation among kin foster parents was also found. After considering foster parent group, psychological distress, and harsh discipline, hierarchical regression analyses revealed that perceived total coparenting and conflict/triangulation contributed to child internalizing and externalizing problems. Results support the linkage between perceptions of coparenting and child problems among caregivers (foster and biological alike) in kin and nonkin arrangements and highlight training in coparenting in general, and conflict management in particular, as an important intervention focus to reduce the high level of child problems in this vulnerable population.
Contested Change and Choice: Infertility in Ireland
Authors: Allison Jill 
Published: November 2010

AbstractFertility has long been part of a complex analysis of economics, social values, family formation and community in Ireland; yet little attention has been focused on the meaning of childlessness and infertility in relation to those same values and social institutions. Couples struggling to conceive are widely assumed to have chosen their childlessness. This paper argues that such assumptions in Ireland are now part of a wider social narrative in which reproductive choice has become a metaphor for social change. The paper shows how political, moral and religious meanings for family formation and motherhood have been re‐articulated in new economic, material and medical ideals in the guise of individualism and choice, sometimes increasing the burden of individual responsibility in the process. Moreover, people are expected to consider costly and invasive assisted reproduction technologies (ART) such as in vitro fertilization (IVF) as part a repertoire of reproductive options for infertility. The research took place against a backdrop of immense social and economic change in Ireland—something the 40 women and 10 men in the study reflected upon almost universally within their narratives on their inability to conceive.
Coming to terms through Cinema:The Lives of Othersin Germany's Cultural Landscape of Memory
Authors: James Jason 
Published: November 2010

AbstractThis article analyzes the popular, award‐winning German film The Lives of Others as an intervention in memory politics focused on the socialist German Democratic Republic (GDR). Confronting the crimes of the East German regime has been framed as coming to terms with Germany's “second dictatorship,” suggesting an equivalence not only between the Nazi and socialist states and their abuses, but also the moral and historical stakes of facing up to the two legacies. The Lives of Others reinforces the “second dictatorship” discourse and fails to provide a nuanced portrayal of the GDR, opting instead for a moral drama that elides the political world it claims to represent. Drawing on ethnographic research on identity in Eastern Germany and critical readings of recent public discourse, I analyze claims about the film's authentic portrayal of GDR repression and its importance as a corrective to Ostalgie by situating The Lives of Others as a text and cultural phenomenon within the cultural landscape of post‐socialist memory in Germany. This landscape, in turn, must be placed within the still broader context of national unification, identity, and memory in unified Germany.
Analysis of maxillofacial fracture victims in the Wenchuan earthquake and Yushu earthquake
Authors: Li Rui , Wang Hang , Guo Lijuan , Tang Wei , Long Jie , Liu Lei , Tian Weidong 
Published: November 2010

Abstract –  Objective: To analyze retrospectively 419 patients after the Wenchuan earthquake and 46 after Yushu earthquake with maxillofacial fractures so as to provide reference on patients’ treatment after an earthquake. Method: We investigated 419 patients after Wenchuan earthquake and 46 after Yushu earthquake with maxillofacial fractures who were admitted to the West China Hospital of Stomatology and other 46 hospitals in 10 provinces. Result: A total of 58 patients had maxillofacial fractures (13.8%) including 33 (56.9%) men and 25 (43.1%) women after the Wenchuan earthquake and 6 (13%) had maxillofacial fractures after Yushu earthquake. Most patients were injured by pressing or burying. The nasal‐orbital‐ethmoidal region was the most frequent site of the maxillofacial fracture (58.6% in the Wenchuan earthquake and 66.7% in the Yushu earthquake). The most prevalent pattern of maxillofacial fracture was multiple and/or comminuted fractures (87.9% in the Wenchuan earthquake and 100% in the Yushu earthquake). There were 48 (82.8%) patients with associated injuries, and the most common site was extremity injuries (58.6%) after Wenchuan earthquake. Few patients received adequate prehospital treatment, with bandages predominantly. Most patients (65.5% in the Wenchuan earthquake and 100% in the Yushu earthquake) underwent open reduction and rigid internal fixation. We failed to find any patients with generalized infection. However, all patients in our study presented the symptoms of post‐traumatic stress disorder. Conclusion: We analyze the characteristics of maxillofacial fractures after the two earthquakes, so as to improve our medical emergency system when such disasters happen again.
Tuberous sclerosis‐2 (TSC2) regulates the stability of death‐associated protein kinase‐1 (DAPK) through a lysosome‐dependent degradation pathway
Authors: Lin Yao , Henderson Paul , Pettersson Susanne , Satsangi Jack , Hupp Ted , Stevens Craig 
Published: November 2010

We previously identified a novel interaction between tuberous sclerosis‐2 (TSC2) and death‐associated protein kinase‐1 (DAPK), the consequence being that DAPK catalyses the inactivating phosphorylation of TSC2 to stimulate mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) activity. We now report that TSC2 binding to DAPK promotes the degradation of DAPK. We show that DAPK protein levels, but not gene expression, inversely correlate with TSC2 expression. Furthermore, altering mTORC1 activity does not affect DAPK levels, excluding indirect effects of TSC2 on DAPK protein levels through changes in mTORC1 translational control. We provide evidence that the C‐terminus regulates TSC2 stability and is required for TSC2 to reduce DAPK protein levels. Importantly, using a GTPase‐activating protein–dead missense mutation of TSC2, we demonstrate that the effect of TSC2 on DAPK is independent of GTPase‐activating protein activity. TSC2 binds to the death domain of DAPK and we show that this interaction is required for TSC2 to reduce DAPK protein levels and half‐life. Finally, we show that DAPK is regulated by the lysosome pathway and that lysosome inhibition blocks TSC2‐mediated degradation of DAPK. Our study therefore establishes important functions of TSC2 and the lysosomal‐degradation pathway in the control of DAPK stability, which taken together with our previous findings, reveal a regulatory loop between DAPK and TSC2 whose balance can either promote: (a) TSC2 inactivation resulting in mTORC1 stimulation, or (b) DAPK degradation via TSC2 signalling under steady‐state conditions. The fine balance between DAPK and TSC2 in this regulatory loop may have subtle but important effects on mTORC1 steady‐state function.Structured digital abstract
MINT‐8057232: DAPK (uniprotkb:P53355) physically interacts (MI:0915) with TSC2 (uniprotkb:P49815) by anti tag coimmunoprecipitation (MI:0007)
MINT‐8057213: TSC1 (uniprotkb:Q92574) physically interacts (MI:0914) with DAPK (uniprotkb:P53355) and TSC2 (uniprotkb:P49815) by anti bait coimmunoprecipitation (MI:0006)
MINT‐8057200: TSC1 (uniprotkb:Q92574) physically interacts (MI:0915) with TSC2 (uniprotkb:P49815) by anti bait coimmunoprecipitation (MI:0006)
In humans IL‐6 is released from the brain during and after exercise and paralleled by enhanced IL‐6 mRNA expression in the hippocampus of mice
Authors: Rasmussen P. , Vedel J.‐C. , Olesen J. , Adser H. , Pedersen M. V. , Hart E. , Secher N. H. , Pilegaard H. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractAim:  Plasma interleukin‐6 (IL‐6) increases during exercise by release from active muscles and during prolonged exercise also from the brain. The IL‐6 release from muscles continues into recovery and we tested whether the brain also releases IL‐6 in recovery from prolonged exercise in humans. Additionally, it was evaluated in mice whether brain release of IL‐6 reflected enhanced IL‐6 mRNA expression in the brain as modulated by brain glycogen levels.Methods:  Nine healthy male subjects completed 4 h of ergometer rowing while the arterio‐jugular venous difference (a‐v diff) for IL‐6 was determined. The IL‐6 mRNA and the glycogen content were determined in mouse hippocampus, cerebellum and cortex before and after 2 h treadmill running (N = 8).Results:  At rest, the IL‐6 a‐v diff was negligible but decreased to −2.2 ± 1.9 pg ml−1 at the end of exercise and remained low (−2.1 ± 2.1 pg ml−1) 1 h into the recovery (P < 0.05 vs. rest). IL‐6 mRNA was expressed in the three parts of the brain with the lowest content in the hippocampus (P < 0.05) coupled to the highest glycogen content (3.2 ± 0.8 mmol kg−1). Treadmill running increased the hippocampal IL‐6 mRNA content 2–3‐fold (P < 0.05), while the hippocampal glycogen content decreased to 2.6 ± 0.6 mmol kg−1 (P < 0.05) with no significant changes in the two other parts of the brain.Conclusion:  Human brain releases IL‐6 both during and in recovery from prolonged exercise and mouse data suggest that concurrent changes in IL‐6 mRNA and glycogen levels make the hippocampus a likely source of the IL‐6 release from the brain.
Declining Labor Share: Is China's Case Different?
Authors: Luo Changyuan , Zhang Jun 
Published: November 2010

AbstractThis paper explores why labor share in China has declined since the middle of the 1990s. Existing literature usually ascribes the labor share decline in developed countries to biased technological progress. However, our investigation shows that China's case is different. Using a simultaneous equation model estimated with three‐stage least squares, we find that FDI, levels of economic development and privatization have negative effects on the labor share. The negative influence of FDI on labor share results from regional competition for FDI, which weakens labor forces' bargaining power. A U‐shaped relationship exists between labor share and the level of economic development, and China is now on the declining part of the curve. The negative effects of privatization on the labor share stem from the elimination of the so‐called “wage costs eroding profit” situation and the positive supply shock on the labor market.
Inequality and the Urban–rural Divide in China: Effects of Regressive Taxation
Authors: Wang Xiaobing , Piesse Jenifer 
Published: November 2010

AbstractUsing three comparable national representative household surveys for China in 1988, 1995 and 2002, the present paper reveals the regressivity and urban bias of China's direct tax and welfare system in this period. It shows that a regressive taxation system and skewed allocation of subsidies increases the urban–rural income gap and enhances overall inequality. Modeling these relationships indicates that the relatively poorer rural population has a net tax liability, whereas those in the richer urban areas receive net subsidies. This pattern is common in China, although the extent of the bias varies. This skewed system of tax and welfare payments is a major cause of the persisting urban–rural income gap and contributes to the overall income inequality in China. The abolishment of the agriculture tax in 2006 has had a positive impact on rural people's livelihoods.
R&D Activities of Manufacturing Multinationals in China: Structure, Motivations and Regional Differences
Authors: Motohashi Kazuyuki 
Published: November 2010

AbstractThis paper investigates the R&D motivations of various multinationals operating in China, drawing on a large‐scale, firm‐level dataset of official Chinese statistics on science and technology activities. The present study shows that R&D efforts in China have intensified for both foreign‐owned and domestic firms, but less so for foreign‐owned firms, perhaps because foreign‐owned firms tend to operate on a foundation of technological capabilities developed within their home countries.Statistical analysis confirms that the major motivations for foreign R&D in China are production‐driven, not market‐driven or technology‐driven. Nevertheless, one sees significant variations in foreign R&D strategies from region to region. Guangdong is characterized by production‐driven R&D. In Beijing, R&D strategies tend to take a technology‐driven approach, drawing on the clusters of scientific institutions. In Shanghai, the R&D efforts of multinationals tend to focus on support for market‐driven R&D.