bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development and polymorphism of microsatellite primers in Ficus pumila L. (Moraceae)
Authors: Zhang Jian , Jiang Kai , Shi Yi‐Su , Liu Min , Chen Xiao‐Yong 
Published: June 2011

• Premise of the study: Microsatellite primers were developed in the functionally dioecious Ficus pumila L. to provide polymorphic markers for further population genetic studies and parentage analysis.• Methods and Results: Eleven polymorphic microsatellite loci were developed in F. pumila. These loci were successfully amplified in four F. pumila populations from eastern China (Fodu, Xiangshan, Xianju, and Hexi). These loci had 3–11 alleles across all 80 F. pumila individuals. At the population level, the number of alleles per locus varied from 1 to 8, and the observed (HO) and expected (HE) heterozygosities ranged from 0.000 to 0.900 and from 0.000 to 0.830, respectively. Linkage disequilibrium between loci FP213 and FP435 was found in three of the four tested populations.• Conclusions: These loci showed high levels of polymorphism, indicating the utility of these primers in population genetic studies as well as parentage analysis of F. pumila.
Development and characterization of 20 novel polymorphic STS markers in Vicia faba (fava bean)
Authors: Wang Haifei , Yang Tao , Guan Jianping , Ma Yu , Sun Xuelian , Zong Xuxiao 
Published: June 2011

• Premise of the study: Sequence tagged site (STS) primers were developed for Vicia faba, based on amplified bands by ISSR primers. The usefulness of these STS markers was validated for size polymorphism among fava bean accessions.• Methods and Results: Based on the sequences derived from intersimple sequence repeat (ISSR) amplification, 66 sequence tagged site (STS) primer pairs were developed and screened, and 20 of them were polymorphic. The polymorphism of these markers was identified in 32 fava bean germplasm from different global geographical locations. Alleles (Na) per locus numbered 2 to 4, and expected heterozygosity (HE) per locus ranged from 0.000 to 0.714. There was significant variation in HE among germplasm from different regions for individual primers.• Conclusions: These novel polymorphic STS markers may be useful and convenient for further studies of population genetics, cultivar identification, and evolution in fava bean.
Focal dermal hypoplasia in a male
Authors: George Leni , Agrawal Nisha , Hogan Peter 
Published: June 2011

Focal dermal hypoplasia (FDH) is a rare mesoectodermal dysplasia syndrome characterized by cutaneous, skeletal, dental, ocular and soft-tissue defects. An X-linked dominant mode of inheritance with lethality in male subjects has been proposed. Only around 30 cases of FDH have been reported in male subjects. Live born affected males are mosaic for mutations in PORCN gene . We present the mosaic pattern of FDH in a young boy.
Double Cord Blood Transplantation: Co-Operation or Competition?
Authors: Neokleous Nikolaos , Sideri Anastasia , Peste-Tsilimidos Corina 
Published: June 2011

Over the last two decades umbilical cord blood (UCB) transplantation (UCBT) is increasingly used for a variety of malignant and benign hematological and other diseases. The main factor that limits the use of UCB to low weight recipients, mainly children and adolescents, is its low progenitor cell content. Various alternatives have been exploited to overcome this difficulty, including the transplantation of two UCB units (double umbilical cord blood transplantation, dUCBT).	Following dUCBT, donor(s) hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) can be detected in the peripheral blood of the recipient as soon as 14 days post-transplantation. Sustained engraftment of HSC from one or both donors can be observed- dominance or mixed chimerism respectively, although single donor unit dominance has been observed in over 85% of patients. The underlying biology, which accounts for the interactions both between the two infused UCB units- cooperative or competitive, and with the recipient’s immune system, has not been elucidated.
Exploring Expectations for Upper-Extremity Motor Treatment in People After Stroke: A Secondary Analysis
Authors: Prager Eliza M. , Birkenmeier Rebecca L. , Lang Catherine E. 
Published: June 2011

Abstract
OBJECTIVE. We explored expectations for outcomes during a research intervention for people with stroke.
METHOD. Twelve people with chronic stroke participated in this secondary analysis from a pilot trial of a high-repetition, task-specific, upper-extremity intervention. First, we examined relationships between individual expectancy and session-by-session achievement of high numbers of repetitions. Second, we examined the relationship between expectancy for the intervention as a whole and improvements in upper-extremity motor function. We used Spearman rank-order correlation coefficients to evaluate the relationships.
RESULTS. Correlations between individual expectancy and session-by-session achievement ranged from 0 to .84. Expectancy for improvement from the intervention was good (average = 7 of 10) but had a low correlation (.17) with actual improvement.
CONCLUSION. Individual expectancy ratings were inconsistently related to session-by-session achievement. Expectancy for the invention as a whole was not related to improvement in upper-extremity motor function.
Modified Constraint-Induced Movement Therapy for Elderly Clients With Subacute Stroke
Authors: McCall Martha , McEwen Sara , Colantonio Angela , Streiner David , Dawson Deirdre R. 
Published: June 2011

Abstract
A growing body of research, including evidence from numerous randomized controlled trials, suggests that constraint-induced movement therapy (CIMT) reduces impairment. The mean age of participants in most studies has been &lt;65 yr, even though most stroke survivors are older than that. We investigated the efficacy of a modified CIMT protocol on participation, activity, and impairment in a population of older adults experiencing subacute stroke. Using an interrupted time series design, 4 older adults (mean age = 82) were assessed before and after intervention. Although none of the participants adhered to the 6-hr per day self-practice aspect of the CIMT protocol, considerable improvements were noted in participation, as measured using the Canadian Occupational Performance Measure. Some improvements were also noted at the level of impairment and activity. This work accords with previous literature on CIMT and has important implications for the evolution of stroke rehabilitation in elderly people.
Barriers to Developing and Sustaining Driving and Community Mobility Programs
Authors: Stav Wendy , Weidley Laura Snider , Love Anthea 
Published: June 2011

Abstract
OBJECTIVE. To begin to address the shortage of driving rehabilitation and community mobility programs to meet the community mobility needs of older adults and clients with rehabilitative needs, we sought to identify the key barriers to developing and sustaining such programs.
METHOD. We used a survey design to solicit input from a nationally representative sample of occupational therapy practitioners, rehabilitation managers, and health care administrators.
RESULTS. The 2,869 completed surveys revealed widespread and largely contextual barriers related to fiscal support, infrastructure, physical environment, and institutional culture. The barriers were highly correlated with each other and did not differ across regions, practitioner experience levels, or facility types.
CONCLUSION. This study was an important preliminary step in constructing a resource toolkit with strategies to overcome the identified barriers to developing and sustaining driving and community mobility programs that meet the needs of older adults and clients with rehabilitative needs. This toolkit, which is available on the American Occupational Therapy Association’s Web site, is a necessary resource for use in all practice settings to meet the driving and community mobility needs of this population in support of engagement in community-based occupations.
Intermittent fault detection in nonstationary processes via a Wald‐based control chart
Authors: Liu Yifan , Zhao Yinghong , Gao Ming , Sheng Li 
Published: May 2024

SummaryIn this article, the problem of intermittent fault (IF) detection is investigated for nonstationary processes in the multivariate statistics framework. By combining the moving window technique with maximum likelihood estimation (MLE), the moving window Wald‐based control chart is proposed to realize the detection of IFs in nonstationary processes. The computational efficiency and the convergence properties are discussed for the designed iterative algorithm of MLE. Then, necessary and sufficient conditions are presented to guarantee the detectability of IFs with the consideration of window lengths. Moreover, the alarm delays are analyzed for the appearance and disappearance of IFs. In virtue of the above analysis, the optimal window length is derived by minimizing the supremum of alarm delays. In order to estimate the time of IFs' appearance and disappearance, an algorithm is designed with the inspiration of simulated annealing strategy. Finally, a simulation on rotary steerable drilling tool system is provided to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Photoredox/Cu‐Catalyzed Decarboxylative C(sp3)−C(sp3) Coupling to Access C(sp3)‐Rich gem‐Diborylalkanes
Authors: Huang Mingming , Sun Huaxing , Seufert Florian , Friedrich Alexandra , Marder Todd B. , Hu Jiefeng 
Published: May 2024

Abstractgem‐Diborylalkanes are highly valuable building blocks in organic synthesis and pharmaceutical chemistry due to their ability to participate in multi‐step cross‐coupling transformations, allowing for the rapid generation of molecular complexity. While progress has been made in their synthetic metholodology, the construction of β‐tertiary and C(sp3)‐rich gem‐diborylalkanes remains a synthetic challenge due to substrate limitations and steric hindrance issues. An approach is presented that utilizes synergistic photoredox and copper catalysis to achieve efficient C(sp3)−C(sp3) cross‐coupling of alkyl N‐hydroxyphthalimide esters, which can easily be obtained from alkyl carboxylic acids, with diborylmethyl species, providing a series of C(sp3)‐rich gem‐diborylalkanes with 1°, 2°, and even 3° β positions. Furthermore, this approach can also be applied to complex medicinal compounds and natural products, offering rapid access to molecular complexity and late‐stage functionalization of C(sp3)‐rich drug candidates. Mechanistic experiments revealed that diborylmethyl Cu(I) species participated in both the photoredox process and the key C(sp3)−C(sp3) bond‐forming step.
Enhancement of nitric oxide reduction via CeZrOx/Cu‐SSZ‐39 hybrid catalyst: Improving activity and hydrothermal stability
Authors: Li Yunhui , Li Kunting , Zhu Xingdong , Zhang Xinyan , Zhang Xin 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis study aimed to improve the catalytic activity and hydrothermal stability of Cu‐SSZ‐39 zeolite by coupling it with cerium zirconium oxides (CeZrOx), which possesses excellent oxidizing ability, and a hybrid catalyst CeZrOx/Cu‐SSZ‐39 was prepared. It is found that it exhibited enhanced low‐temperature activity, high‐temperature activity, and a wider effective temperature range compared to Cu‐SSZ‐39. Characterization results showed that the CeZrOx/Cu‐SSZ‐39 catalyst had a higher concentration of active Cu2+ ion species and improved redox properties, which could potentially promote the NH3‐SCR reaction. Additionally, the CeZrOx/Cu‐SSZ‐39 catalyst had increased chemisorbed oxygen species on its surface, facilitating the oxidation of NO to NO2 and enhancing the rate of the SCR reaction. Moreover, even after undergoing hydrothermal aging treatment, the CeZrOx/Cu‐SSZ‐39 catalyst exhibited superior catalytic activity and improved hydrothermal stability, surpassing the performance of Cu‐SSZ‐39. It is found the CeZrOx coupling allowed the hybrid catalyst to maintain a better specific surface area and pore structure during hydrothermal aging, resulting in reduced activity loss. Therefore, the addition of CeZrOx enhanced the NH3‐SCR activity of Cu‐SSZ‐39 zeolite, leading to improved catalytic activity and hydrothermal stability. CeZrOx/Cu‐SSZ‐39 catalyst has shown promising aspect for reducing NOx emissions from diesel vehicle exhaust.
Organic Mixed Ionic‐Electronic Conductors as Multi‐Functional Binders for Energy‐Dense Carbon‐Free Solid‐State Batteries
Authors: Zhao Liyi , Dong Qingyu , Wang Xuechun , Li Zhiyun , Shao Hui , Shen Yanbin , Chen Liwei 
Published: May 2024

AbstractSolid‐state lithium‐metal batteries are considered as one of the most promising candidates for next‐generation energy storage devices with high energy density and enhanced safety. Great efforts have been made to design solid‐state electrolytes with enhanced ionic conductivity and to protect the electrochemical interface of the lithium anode. However, the obstruction of ionic‐electronic transport within the cathode remains as another key challenge that needs to be addressed for the practical application of solid‐state batteries. Here, we prepared organic mixed ionic‐electronic conductors (OMIECs) by in‐situ co‐polymerization of three organic monomers (boron‐type crosslinker, ionic liquid, and sulfolene) in the network of poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene)/poly(4‐styrenesulfonate). The as‐prepared OMIECs show an electronic conductivity up to 33.6 S cm−1 and ionic conductivity of 1.7×10−4 S cm−1 at 30 °C, and also binder functionality, providing a combined path for Li+/e− transport in cathodes and maintaining mechanical/(electro−)chemical stability. As a result, solid‐state cathodes composed of 90.0 wt % active materials and only 10.0 wt % OMIECs display exceptional electrochemical characteristics at 30 °C, including high C‐rate capabilities and prolonged cycle life. This novel design of all‐in‐one OMIECs for carbon‐free cathodes demonstrates a promising strategy for developing multifunctional additives for high‐performance solid‐state batteries.
Bowl‐Shaped Kekulene Analogues: Cycloarenes with two Five‐Membered Rings
Authors: Murakami Hideyuki , Iwabuchi Hiroki , Asari Miki , Yamada Hiroko , Kuzuhara Daiki 
Published: May 2024

AbstractKekulene, a cycloarene composed of 12 fused benzene rings in a circular arrangement, exhibits a highly planar and robust structure. Kekulene has been the subject of investigation into its aromaticity and electronic structure, particularly in relation to the cyclic benzenoid. We have successfully synthesized novel bowl‐shaped kekulene analogues with five‐membered rings incorporated into the kekulene structure. The results of DFT calculations and VT‐NMR spectra indicate that inversion of their concave‐convex structures occurs at room temperature. The NICS and AICD plots predict that the Clar's type resonance structure is found in a manner analogous to the pristine kekulene, albeit with the interruption of the π‐conjugation on the sp3 carbons at the five‐membered rings. Despite the presence of the Clar's resonance structure, the Diels‐Alder reaction proceeded smoothly with a dienophile, in contrast to the behavior of planar kekulene derivatives. This study will lead to the creation of novel bowl‐shaped compounds and development of reactivity in aromatic compounds.
Cancer in people who identify as lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, or gender‐nonconforming
Authors: Kratzer Tyler B. , Star Jessica , Minihan Adair K. , Bandi Priti , Scout N. F. N. , Gary Monique , Riddle‐Jones Latonya , Giaquinto Angela N. , Islami Farhad , Jemal Ahmedin , Siegel Rebecca L. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundIndividuals who identify as lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, intersex, or gender‐nonconforming (LGBTQ+) experience discrimination and minority stress that may lead to elevated cancer risk.MethodsIn the absence of population‐based cancer occurrence information for this population, this article comprehensively examines contemporary, age‐adjusted cancer risk factor and screening prevalence using data from the National Health Interview Survey, Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, and National Youth Tobacco Survey, and provides a literature review of cancer incidence and barriers to care.ResultsLesbian, gay, and bisexual adults are more likely to smoke cigarettes than heterosexual adults (16% compared to 12% in 2021–2022), with the largest disparity among bisexual women. For example, 34% of bisexual women aged 40–49 years and 24% of those 50 and older smoke compared to 12% and 11%, respectively, of heterosexual women. Smoking is also elevated among youth who identify as lesbian, gay, or bisexual (4%) or transgender (5%) compared to heterosexual or cisgender (1%). Excess body weight is elevated among lesbian and bisexual women (68% vs. 61% among heterosexual women), largely due to higher obesity prevalence among bisexual women (43% vs. 38% among lesbian women and 33% among heterosexual women). Bisexual women also have a higher prevalence of no leisure‐time physical activity (35% vs. 28% among heterosexual women), as do transgender individuals (30%–31% vs. 21%–25% among cisgender individuals). Heavier alcohol intake among lesbian, gay, and bisexual individuals is confined to bisexual women, with 14% consuming more than 7 drinks/week versus 6% of heterosexual women. In contrast, prevalence of cancer screening and risk reducing vaccinations in LGBTQ+ individuals is similar to or higher than their heterosexual/cisgender counterparts except for lower cervical and colorectal cancer screening among transgender men.ConclusionsPeople within the LGBTQ+ population have a higher prevalence of smoking, obesity, and alcohol consumption compared to heterosexual and cisgender people, suggesting a higher cancer burden. Health systems have an opportunity to help inform these disparities through the routine collection of information on sexual orientation and gender identity to facilitate cancer surveillance and to mitigate them through education to increase awareness of LGBTQ+ health needs.
Palladium‐Catalyzed Isocyanide Insertion into the Remotely Activated N−H bond of 3‐(Phenylhydrazono)oxindoles: Facile Access to Indole‐N‐Carboxamide Derivatives
Authors: Soam Pooja , Mandal Debasish , Tyagi Vikas 
Published: May 2024

AbstractA convenient approach for synthesizing indole‐N‐carboxamide derivatives through palladium‐catalyzed isocyanide insertion into the N−H bond of 3‐(phenylhydrazono)oxindoles has been developed. The inclusion of the 3‐phenylhydrazone group proved essential in remotely activating the N−H bond of the oxindole. Also, it has been established that the reaction outcome is highly dependent on the electronic effects of the substituents.
Autoimmune‐associated seizure disorders
Authors: Smith Kelsey M. , Budhram Adrian , Geis Christian , McKeon Andrew , Steriade Claude , Stredny Coral M. , Titulaer Maarten J. , Britton Jeffrey W. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractWith the discovery of an expanding number of neural autoantibodies, autoimmune etiologies of seizures have been increasingly recognized. Clinical phenotypes have been identified in association with specific underlying antibodies, allowing an earlier diagnosis. These phenotypes include faciobrachial dystonic seizures with LGI1 encephalitis, neuropsychiatric presentations associated with movement disorders and seizures in NMDA‐receptor encephalitis, and chronic temporal lobe epilepsy in GAD65 neurologic autoimmunity. Prompt recognition of these disorders is important, as some of them are highly responsive to immunotherapy. The response to immunotherapy is highest in patients with encephalitis secondary to antibodies targeting cell surface synaptic antigens. However, the response is less effective in conditions involving antibodies binding intracellular antigens or in Rasmussen syndrome, which are predominantly mediated by cytotoxic T‐cell processes that are associated with irreversible cellular destruction. Autoimmune encephalitides also may have a paraneoplastic etiology, further emphasizing the importance of recognizing these disorders. Finally, autoimmune processes and responses to novel immunotherapies have been reported in new‐onset refractory status epilepticus (NORSE) and febrile infection‐related epilepsy syndrome (FIRES), warranting their inclusion in any current review of autoimmune‐associated seizure disorders.
Organization capital and financial statement comparability
Authors: Biswas Pallab , Ranasinghe Dinithi 
Published: May 2024

AbstractWe examine whether firms with high organizational capital produce more (less) financial statement comparability. We use firm‐level data from the U.S. and apply regression analyses to a sample of 56,459 firm‐year observations from 1987 to 2019. Organizational capital encompasses the processes, systems, knowledge, culture, and technology of a firm, playing a crucial role in securing competitive advantages, which leads to enhanced profitability and growth prospects. It has been observed that companies rich in organizational capital experience better financial outcomes. However, these companies also face significant agency issues, as both shareholders and crucial employees have stakes in the cash flows generated by organizational capital. We propose that managers of companies with substantial organizational capital tend to produce financial statements that are less comparable. This strategy allows them to obscure the firm's economic performance from shareholders, aiming to retain a larger portion of the cash flows. The discovery that companies modify comparability in reaction to organization processes, culture and business models captures the attention of regulators and policymakers, who highlight the significance of comparability in enhancing the utility of information for users. The findings extend the literature on the effect of organizational capital on accounting choices.
Architecture of conductive fibers in pigtails for high‐sensitivity monitoring of structural health in fiber‐reinforced composites
Authors: Dai Mingfeng , Guo Yifan , Yan Jing , Que Longkun , Han Ruipeng , Zhou Zuowan 
Published: May 2024

AbstractStructural health monitoring is vital for improving the safety and reliability of fiber‐reinforced composites. However, it is still challenging to achieve high sensing performance without changing the overall properties of composites. In this work, conductive fibers were braided into pigtails to achieve high sensing sensitivity and maintain low electrical resistance. Conductive pigtails with hierarchical and critically connected percolation networks were integrated with basalt fabric by an embroidery technique to realize self‐diagnosis of composites. After being embedded in epoxy composites, the material exhibited low electrical resistance (128.8 kΩ) and excellent sensing performance, demonstrating a high Gauge factor of 8.1, good linearity (R2 > 99%) and stability. The experimental results also showed that conductive pigtails can sensitively inform crack initiation and growth inside composites, which is extremely important for warning of the risk of material fractures. In addition, the mechanical strength of the material was almost unchanged before and after the pigtails were embedded. All these results indicate that conductive pigtails could be used as highly sensitive sensors for realizing structural health monitoring in fiber‐reinforced composites.Highlights
CBs/TPU pigtails with hierarchical conductive paths were fabricated and firmly integrated with basalt fabric by the embroidery technique.
There is a good interface between the pigtails and the matrix, resulting in the embedding of the pigtails with little change in the mechanical properties of the composites.
Pigtails can sensitively detect crack initiation and growth in composites, demonstrating the potential for self‐diagnosis of fiber‐reinforced composites.