bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Not in the file: How competency committees work with undocumented contributions
Authors: van Enk Anneke , MacDonald Graham , Hatala Rose , Gingerich Andrea , Tam Jennifer 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIntroductionCompetence committees (CCs) centre their work around documentation of trainees' performance; undocumented contributions (i.e. informal, unrecorded material like personal judgements, experiential anecdotes and contextual information) evoke suspicion even though they may play a role in decision making. This qualitative multiple case study incorporates insights from a social practice perspective on writing to examine the use of undocumented contributions by the CCs of two large post‐graduate training programmes, one in a more procedural (MP) speciality and the other in a less procedural (LP) one.MethodsData were collected via observations of meetings and semi‐structured interviews with CC members. In the analysis, conversations were organised into triptychs of lead‐up, undocumented contribution(s), and follow‐up. We then created thick descriptions around the undocumented contributions, drawing on conversational context and interview data to assign possible motivations and significance.ResultsWe found no instances in which undocumented contributions superseded the contents of a trainee's file or stood in for missing documentation. The number of undocumented contributions varied between the MP CC (six instances over two meetings) and the LP CC (22 instances over three meetings). MP CC discussions emphasised Entrustable Professional Activity (EPA) observations, whereas LP CC members paid more attention to narrative data. The divergent orientations of the CCs—adding an ‘advis[ing]/guid[ing]’ role versus focusing simply on evaluation—offers the most compelling explanation. In lead‐ups, undocumented contributions were prompted by missing and flawed documentation, conflicting evidence and documentation at odds with members' perceptions. Recognising other ‘red flags’ in documentation often required professional experience. In follow‐ups, purposes served by undocumented contributions varied with context and were difficult to generalise; we, therefore, provide deeper analysis of two vignettes to illustrate.ConclusionsOur data suggest undocumented contributions often serve best efforts to ground decisions in documentation. We would encourage CC practices and policies be rooted in more nuanced approaches to documentation.
Rapid measurement method for cable tension of cable‐stayed bridges using terrestrial laser scanning
Authors: Zhou Yin , Zhang Hong , Hu Xingyi , Zhou Jianting , Zhu Jinyu , Xin Jingzhou , Yang Jun 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis study proposes a new method for the rapid and non‐contact measurement of cable forces in cable‐stayed bridges, including a cable force calculation method based on measured cable shapes and a batch acquisition method for the true shape of cables. First, a nonlinear regression model for estimating cable forces based on measured cable shapes is established, and a Gauss–Newton‐based cable force solving method is proposed. Furthermore, terrestrial laser scanning technology is used to collect geometric data of the cables. Meanwhile, automatic segmentation, noise reduction, and centerline extraction algorithms for the cable point cloud are proposed to accurately and efficiently obtain the cable shape. The correctness of the proposed cable force calculation method is verified in a well‐designed experiment, with the measurement error of cable forces for 15 test samples being less than 1%. Finally, the proposed point cloud automation processing algorithm and cable force measurement method are fully tested on a cable‐stayed bridge with a span of 460 m. The measurement accuracy of the proposed method for actual bridge cable tension is comparable to that of the frequency method, but the detection efficiency on site is nine times higher than that of the traditional frequency method. Overall, this study provides a new measurement method for construction control, health monitoring, intelligent detection, and other fields of cable‐stayed bridges.
The Māori economy and the Big Four
Authors: Scobie Matthew , Reid John 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIn this commentary, we argue that the Big Four professional service firms (Deloitte, EY, KPMG and PwC) are positioning themselves as a bridge between Māori and the Crown in Aotearoa New Zealand. In a political economy that is evolving in line with te Tiriti/the Treaty of Waitangi, this bridge presents a profitable opportunity. We engage with theories of imperialism, the business case for diversity and revolving doors to advance our argument. We conclude with opportunities for future research that take the role of the Big Four in the Māori economy seriously.
Posterior Wall Fragments in Acetabular Both‐Column Fractures: Morphology, Type, and the Significance of its Projection
Authors: Zhong Ziyi , Feng Zihang , Tong Kai , Lin Shiyuan , Yang Yunping , Wang Gang 
Published: June 2024

ObjectiveMost both‐column acetabular fractures are combined with posterior wall fragments. However, the morphology of this posterior wall is varied, and how to fix this posterior wall remains a controversial topic. To investigate the morphological characteristics of posterior wall fragments of both‐column acetabular fractures and select corresponding fixation methods.MethodsData from 352 patients with acetabular fractures admitted to the level one trauma centre in our hospital between January 2006 and December 2022 were collected. The morphology of posterior wall fragments was observed and analyzed in 83 cases of both‐column acetabular fractures and classified according to the consistency of posterior wall morphology. A fracture map of the posterior wall was created on a normal template according to the three morphological types of posterior wall fragments. Finally, the high‐incidence area of the posterior wall fracture was projected onto the iliac fossa and the medial side of the posterior column to guide the fixation of the posterior wall fragment using the anterior intrapelvic approach.ResultsFractures were divided into four types: I, large posterior wall fragment which was high in the ilium bone (34 cases, 41.0%); II, posterior wall fragment in the acetabular parietal region (18 cases, 21.7%); III, posterior wall marginal fracture (10 cases, 12.0%); and IV, non‐combined posterior wall fracture (21 cases, 25.3%). The most common morphologies of the posterior wall fragments of the first two types were mapped and projected onto the anterior iliac inner plate and medial side of the posterior column, where the corresponding area could be used to guide the insertion of the internal fixation.ConclusionBoth‐column acetabular fractures combined with posterior wall fractures can be divided into four types according to the morphology of the posterior wall fragment. Understanding the corresponding three‐dimensional morphology and projection position of different types of these fragments can help surgeons determine the position and orientation of internal fixation of posterior wall fractures.
Development of a low allergenic product for patients with milk allergy and assessment of its specific IgE reactivity
Authors: Yazici Duygu , Suer Hande , Bulbuloglu Cemre Naz , Guzar Elif , Koçak Engin , Nemutlu Emirhan , Buyuktiryaki Betul , Sackesen Cansin 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundMilk oral immunotherapy is the riskiest and most unpredictable form of oral immunotherapy. We aimed to produce a low allergenic product than conventional once baked‐cake/muffin, to develop indirect in‐house ELISA to check the tolerance status with milk products and evaluate IgE reactivity of patients' sera via western blotting (WB) and indirect in‐house ELISA.MethodA low allergenic product named biscotti‐twice baked‐cake was developed, and the total protein concentration was determined. The protein content was studied by SDS‐PAGE and proteomics. Milk‐specific IgE (sIgE) binding assays were performed by WB and indirect in‐house ELISA by using patients' sera.ResultsCasein band intensity was observed to be lower in the biscotti‐twice baked‐cake than in the once baked‐cake (p = .014). Proteomics analysis and αS1‐casein measurement showed that the lowest intensity of casein was found in biscotti. The low binding capacity of milk sIgE to biscotti compared with once baked‐cake was shown by WB (p = .0012) and by indirect in‐house ELISA (p = .0001). In the ROC analysis, the area under the curve (AUC) of the in‐house ELISA IgE was comparable with Uni‐CAP milk and casein sIgE. The AUC of the in‐house ELISA IgE for cake (0.96) and biscotti (1) was slightly better than Uni‐CAP milk sIgE (0.94; 0.97) and casein sIgE (0.96; 0.97), respectively.ConclusionThe low allergenicity of the newly developed low allergenic product “biscotti‐twice baked‐cake” has been demonstrated by in vitro experiments. Biscotti could be a safe treatment option than once baked‐cake/muffin in patients who are reactive to once baked‐milk products.
Effect of dupilumab on asthma and aeroallergen sensitization in pediatric atopic dermatitis patients: Results of the BioDay registry
Authors: Rijst Lisa P. van der , Groot Karin M. de Winter‐de , Zuithoff Nicolaas P. A. , de Bruin‐Weller Marjolein S. , de Graaf Marlies 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundAtopic dermatitis (AD) is frequently associated with asthma and allergic rhinitis (AR). Dupilumab is an effective treatment for pediatric AD, although the effect on atopic comorbidities in pediatric AD patients is limited.ObjectiveTo investigate the prevalence of asthma and AR in pediatric AD patients starting dupilumab treatment and to evaluate the effect of dupilumab on these comorbidities.MethodsThis study included pediatric AD patients (aged 3–17 years) treated with dupilumab between 2019 and 2023. Patients were screened at baseline by a pulmonologist for the presence of asthma and AR. Screening included evaluation of medical history and current symptoms, spirometry (including Forced Expiratory Volume in 1 s (FEV1)), Fractional exhaled Nitric Oxide (FeNO), and measurement of aeroallergen‐specific IgE levels. In patients diagnosed with comorbid asthma and/or AR, measurements were repeated at weeks 16 and 52. Spirometry measurements, FeNO, and aeroallergen‐specific IgE levels during treatment were analyzed using a covariance pattern model.ResultsEighty‐four patients were included. Asthma was diagnosed in 50 patients (59.5%) and AR in 72 patients (85.7%). Baseline FeNO levels were elevated in both patients with (29.0 ppb (95% CI 22.0–54.0)) and without asthma (26.0 ppb (95% CI 22.0–30.0)). During treatment, FeNO levels decreased (p < .001) and FEV1 scores increased (p < .001) in patients with asthma. In patients with asthma and/or AR, all aeroallergen‐specific IgE levels decreased between 61.3% and 89.1% at 52 weeks of treatment.ConclusionOne year of dupilumab treatment, primarily indicated for AD, resulted in a significant improvement in comorbid asthma and a profound decrease in aeroallergen‐specific IgE levels in patients with asthma and/or AR.
One panel with four single nucleotide polymorphisms for Chinese children with asthma: Integrating public data and whole exome sequencing
Authors: Zhou Ying , Li Lin , Zhou Dongmei , Yu Zhiwei , Ren Yaning , Liao Yuanfen , Yuan Cunyin , Yin Yong , Gu Xiaohong , Cui Yubao 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundPolymorphisms in susceptibility genes are a major risk factor for the development of asthma. Understanding these genetic variants helps elucidate asthma's pathogenesis, predict its onset, expedite antiasthma medication development, and achieve precise targeted individualized treatment. This study developed a test kit based on susceptibility genes for predicting asthma in Chinese children.MethodsThe present study constructed a VariantPro Targeted Library Preparation System with 72 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) loci associated with asthma from the ClinVar, OMIM, and SNPedia databases. These SNP loci were detected in the peripheral blood of 499 children with asthma and 500 healthy children. Significant differences were discovered for seven SNP loci. Simultaneously, whole exome sequencing of 46 children with asthma and 50 healthy children identified eight SNP loci with significant differences. The 15 SNP loci identified from Chinese children with asthma were validated in an independent population of 97 children with asthma and 93 healthy children by conducting multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR)–next‐generation sequencing genotyping.ResultsFour loci (rs12422149, rs7216389, rs4065275, and rs41453444) were identified, and a single‐tube multifluorescent qPCR (real‐time quantitative PCR) test kit was developed using these four SNP loci. The kit was tested on 269 children with asthma and 724 children with bronchopneumonia.ConclusionsWe identified four loci as susceptibility genes and developed a quantitative PCR test kit for predicting asthma development in Chinese children.
Over Three Decades of Growth Hormone Treatment in Children With Chronic Kidney Disease‐Associated Growth Failure Before and After Kidney Transplantation
Authors: Yadin Ora 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundGrowth retardation and short final height is a common complication of chronic kidney disease (CKD) beginning in childhood, with profound deleterious effects on quality of life, mental health, and social achievement. Despite optimal treatments of causative factors for growth retardation in children with CKD, more than 50% of patients reach end‐stage renal failure with a height >2 SD below the mean, and most do not demonstrate “catch‐up” growth after receiving a kidney transplant. Four decades ago, recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) treatment was introduced after studies showed increased growth velocity and improved height SDS in uremic subjects. Since then, an abundance of published data showed significant improvements in health‐related quality of life, and most studies revealed no significant adverse effects. Clinical practice guidelines recommended rhGH treatment in CKD Stages 3–5D and after transplantation. Despite these guidelines, this therapy remained underutilized. Most commonly cited barriers to the implementation of rhGH treatment were the need for daily injections, financial challenges, physicians' unfamiliarity with guidelines, and fear of adverse events.ConclusionsrhGH has been shown to improve growth and final height in short children with CKD, with minimal adverse effects. Despite data of its successful use generated over 3 decades, this treatment is underutilized. More judicious utilization of the treatment should emphasize educating patients, their care givers, and members of the multidisciplinary treating team. Additional studies are needed to assess the longer‐term rhGH treatment in larger cohorts of patients, leading to additional supportive data and clearer recommendations.
Sugar maple leaf extracts: A new tool to control bacterial canker of tomato caused by Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis
Authors: Tremblay Valérie , Delisle‐Houde Maxime , Demers François , D'Amours Charles , Filion Martin , Tweddell Russell J. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBacterial canker caused by Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis (Cmm) is a worldwide bacterial disease affecting tomato plants. Very few control methods exist and their efficacy is limited. In recent years, plant extracts were studied for their potential as a safe and eco‐friendly alternative to the use of chemical pesticides to control plant diseases. Recent work performed by our group revealed the antibacterial activity of an ethanolic sugar maple autumn‐shed leaf (SMASL) extract against bacterial plant pathogens. To further investigate the antibacterial and prophylactic potential of SMASL against bacterial canker, assays were performed (a) to determine the polyphenol content and the in vitro antibacterial activity of sugar maple leaf extracts against Cmm, (b) to evaluate the potential of SMASL extracts as a seed treatment against Cmm and (c) as a foliar application to control bacterial canker development in greenhouse‐ and field‐grown tomato plants. Variations in polyphenol content and antibacterial activity of sugar maple leaf extracts were studied monthly for a period of 2 years. Although polyphenol contents varied significantly, minimum inhibitory concentrations were constant between 1.56 and 3.13 mg/mL and minimum bactericidal concentrations between 12.5 and 25 mg/mL. SMASL extract at 25 mg/mL completely eliminated the pathogen from tomato seeds without negatively impacting on germination. SMASL extract foliar spray applications using concentrations of 6.25 and 12.5 mg/mL significantly repressed disease development under greenhouse and field conditions, showing better efficacy than copper octanoate. The antibacterial activity of SMASL extracts against Cmm shows great potential to control Cmm and bacterial canker in tomato.
In vivo proteolytic profiling of the type I and type II metacaspases in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii exposed to salt stress
Authors: Vergou Georgia Antonia , Bajhaiya Amit K. , Corredor Luisa , Lema Asqui Saul , Timmerman Evy , Impens Francis , Funk Christiane 
Published: June 2024

AbstractMetacaspases are cysteine proteases present in plants, fungi and protists. While the association of metacaspases with cell death is studied in a range of organisms, their native substrates are largely unknown. Here, we explored the in vivo proteolytic landscape of the two metacaspases, CrMCA‐I and CrMCA‐II, present in the green freshwater alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, using mass spectrometry‐based degradomics approach, during control conditions and salt stress. Comparison between the cleavage events of CrMCA‐I and CrMCA‐II in metacaspase mutants revealed unique cleavage preferences and substrate specificity. Degradome analysis demonstrated the relevance of the predicted metacaspase substrates to the physiology of C. reinhardtii cells and its adaptation during salt stress. Functional enrichment analysis indicated an involvement of CrMCA‐I in the catabolism of carboxylic acids, while CrMCA‐II plays an important role in photosynthesis and translation. Altogether, our findings suggest distinct cellular functions of the two metacaspases in C. reinhardtii during salt stress response.
Patterns of company misconduct, recidivism, and complaint resolution delays: A temporal analysis of UK pharmaceutical industry self‐regulation within the European context
Authors: Mulinari Shai , Pashley Dylan , Ozieranski Piotr 
Published: June 2024

AbstractInterfirm self‐regulation through trade associations is common but its effectiveness is debated and likely varies by time, country, and industry. This study examines self‐regulation of pharmaceutical marketing, characterized by delegation of major regulatory responsibilities to trade associations' self‐regulatory bodies. In addressing critical research gaps, this study first analyzes 1,776 complaints against pharmaceutical companies in the UK over 18 years (2004–2021). Findings regarding severe, repeat, and complex offending, and delays in complaint resolution raise significant concerns about the adequacy of UK's self‐regulation in deterring wrongdoing. Second, the study conducts international comparisons using recent complaints data from 30 European pharmaceutical industry self‐regulatory bodies. Despite shortcomings of UK's self‐regulation, it appears more adept at identifying potential breaches compared to most other countries, suggesting significant underdetection or underreporting of drug company misconduct in Europe. On balance, our findings are concerning given the negative effects of poorly regulated pharmaceutical marketing on medical practice and health.
Ultraviolet‐induced red fluorescence in androgenetic alopecia—indicating alterations in microbial composition
Authors: Zhang Li , Hu Yebei , Xie Bo , Zhang Beilei , Wei Dongfan , Zhang Hongyan , Chen Yi , Chen Shi , Song Xiuzu 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundUltraviolet (UV)‐induced fluorescence technology is widely used in dermatology to identify microbial infections. Our clinical observations under an ultraviolet‐induced fluorescent dermatoscope (UVFD) showed red fluorescence on the scalps of androgenetic alopecia (AGA) patients. In this study, based on the hypothesis that microbes are induced to emit red fluorescence under UV light, we aimed to explore the microbial disparities between the AGA fluorescent area (AF group) and AGA non‐fluorescent area (ANF group).MethodsScalp swab samples were collected from 36 AGA patients, including both fluorescent and non‐fluorescent areas. The bacterial communities on the scalp were analyzed by 16S rRNA gene sequencing and bioinformatics analysis, as well as through microbial culture methods.ResultsSignificant variations were observed in microbial evenness, abundance composition, and functional predictions between fluorescent and non‐fluorescent areas. Sequencing results highlighted significant differences in Cutibacterium abundance between these areas (34.06% and 21.36%, respectively; p < 0.05). Furthermore, cultured red fluorescent colonies primarily consisted of Cutibacterium spp., Cutibacterium acnes, Staphylococcus epidermidis, and Micrococcus spp.ConclusionsThis is the first study to investigate scalp red fluorescence, highlighting microbial composition variability across different scalp regions. These findings may provide novel insights into the microbiological mechanisms of AGA.
Gadoxetate disodium (Gd‐EOB‐DTPA) contrast‐enhanced magnetic resonance imaging for differentiation between benign and malignant splenic lesions in dogs
Authors: Lux Cassie N. , Sula Mee‐Ja M. , Sun Xiaocun , Hecht Silke 
Published: June 2024

AbstractMalignant splenic lesions in dogs are common, with hemangiosarcoma diagnosed most frequently, and there have been no consistent clinicopathologic, gross, or imaging characteristics identified that differentiate malignant from benign splenic lesions. Histopathology is required for definitive diagnosis, and given the poor long‐term prognosis of malignant splenic lesions, a noninvasive tool to aid in diagnosis would be valuable. This prospective cohort study utilized gadoxetate disodium, a liver‐specific contrast agent (Gd‐EOB‐DPTA; Eovist), to identify the general lesion and pre‐ and postcontrast signal characteristics of benign and malignant splenic and hepatic lesions in dogs with naturally occurring disease. Twenty‐five dogs were enrolled, Eovist‐enhanced MRI was performed, and dogs were taken to surgery for splenectomy and other organ biopsy. All histopathology and MRI studies were evaluated by a single pathologist and a single radiologist, respectively. The associations between the tumor type and numerous variables defined on MRI were evaluated using Fisher's exact tests, and the significance was identified at a P‐value of .05. Malignant splenic masses were identified in 11/25 (44%) dogs, and 5/11 malignancies represented hemangiosarcoma. The presence of abdominal effusion (P = .017) and the presence of hepatic nodules on MRI (P = .009) were associated with splenic malignancy. There were no benign T2 hyperintense and no malignant T2 hypointense lesions (P = .021). Utilization of the T2 W MRI sequence may aid in the identification of malignant splenic lesions, particularly when accompanied by abdominal effusion and hepatic lesions.
Configuration spaces as commutative monoids
Authors: Randal‐Williams Oscar 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAfter one‐point compactification, the collection of all unordered configuration spaces of a manifold admits a commutative multiplication by superposition of configurations. We explain a simple (derived) presentation for this commutative monoid object. Using this presentation, one can quickly deduce Knudsen's formula for the rational cohomology of configuration spaces, prove rational homological stability and understand how automorphisms of the manifold act on the cohomology of configuration spaces. Similar considerations reproduce the work of Farb–Wolfson–Wood on homological densities.