bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical Outcomes of Percutaneous Transcatheter Release of Stuck Mechanical Mitral Valve With Cerebral Embolic Protection
Authors: Nandhakumar Vasu , Kalidoss Latchumanadhas , Ezhilan Janakiraman , Begam Shahina , Ajit Mullasari S. 
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND:
Surgery or fibrinolysis is the currently available evidence-based treatment for obstructive mechanical valve thrombus. We reported the feasibility and short-term outcomes of percutaneous transcatheter therapy with cerebral embolic protection. Mid- and long-term outcomes remain unknown.

METHODS:
From 2020 to 2023, 24 patients underwent percutaneous transcatheter release of stuck leaflets with cerebral embolic protection for obstructive mitral mechanical valve thrombus. The indications for the transcatheter therapy were failed fibrinolysis, contraindications for fibrinolysis, not willing for fibrinolysis, or high risk for surgery. The study participants were followed up for a median period of 344.50 (65.00–953.75) days.

RESULTS:
Technical success was achieved in 91.67% (n=22) of procedures. During the follow-up, 12.50% (n=3) all-cause death, 4.17% (n=1) stroke, and 16.67% (n=4) recurrence were seen. The mean survival time free from death was 1101.48 (95% CI, 929.49–1273.47) days, stroke was 1211.38 (95% CI, 1110.40–1312.35) days, and recurrence was 907.71 (95% CI, 760.20–1055.21) days.

CONCLUSIONS:
Transcatheter release of the stuck mitral mechanical valve with cerebral embolic protection is an alternative therapy with promising mid-term outcomes where surgery or fibrinolysis is not possible or in failed fibrinolysis subsets.
Large Language Model Instruction Following: A Survey of Progresses and Challenges
Authors: Lou Renze , Zhang Kai , Yin Wenpeng 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Task semantics can be expressed by a set of input-output examples or a piece of textual instruction. Conventional machine learning approaches for natural language processing (NLP) mainly rely on the availability of large-scale sets of task-specific examples. Two issues arise: First, collecting task-specific labeled examples does not apply to scenarios where tasks may be too complicated or costly to annotate, or the system is required to handle a new task immediately; second, this is not user-friendly since end-users are probably more willing to provide task description rather than a set of examples before using the system. Therefore, the community is paying increasing interest in a new supervision-seeking paradigm for NLP: learning to follow task instructions, that is, instruction following. Despite its impressive progress, there are some unsolved research equations that the community struggles with. This survey tries to summarize and provide insights into the current research on instruction following, particularly, by answering the following questions: (i) What is task instruction, and what instruction types exist? (ii) How should we model instructions? (iii) What are popular instruction following datasets and evaluation metrics? (iv) What factors influence and explain the instructions’ performance? (v) What challenges remain in instruction following? To our knowledge, this is the first comprehensive survey about instruction following.1
Edge-centric network control on the human brain structural
network
Authors: Sun Huili , Rosenblatt Matthew , Dadashkarimi Javid , Rodriguez Raimundo , Tejavibulya Link , Scheinost Dustin 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Network control theory models how gray matter regions transition between cognitive states through associated white matter connections, where controllability quantifies the contribution of each region to driving these state transitions. Current applications predominantly adopt node-centric views and overlook the potential contribution of brain network connections. To bridge this gap, we use edge-centric network control theory (E-NCT) to assess the role of brain connectivity (i.e., edges) in governing brain dynamic processes. We applied this framework to diffusion MRI data from individuals in the Human Connectome Project. We first validate edge controllability through comparisons against null models, node controllability, and structural and functional connectomes. Notably, edge controllability predicted individual differences in phenotypic information. Using E-NCT, we estimate the brain’s energy consumption for activating specific networks. Our results reveal that the activation of a complex, whole-brain network predicting executive function (EF) is more energy efficient than the corresponding canonical network pairs. Overall, E-NCT provides an edge-centric perspective on the brain’s network control mechanism. It captures control energy patterns and brain-behavior phenotypes with a more comprehensive understanding of brain dynamics.
The contribution of the vascular architecture and cerebrovascular reactivity to the BOLD signal formation across cortical depth
Authors: Roefs Emiel C.A. , Schellekens Wouter , Báez-Yáñez Mario G. , Bhogal Alex A. , Groen Iris I.A. , van Osch Matthias J.P. , Siero Jeroen C.W. , Petridou Natalia 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Assessment of neuronal activity using blood oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) is confounded by how the cerebrovascular architecture modulates hemodynamic responses. To understand brain function at the laminar level, it is crucial to distinguish neuronal signal contributions from those determined by the cortical vascular organization. Therefore, our aim was to investigate the purely vascular contribution in the BOLD signal by using vasoactive stimuli and compare that with neuronal-induced BOLD responses from a visual task. To do so, we estimated the hemodynamic response function (HRF) across cortical depth following brief visual stimulations under different conditions using ultrahigh-field (7 Tesla) functional (f)MRI. We acquired gradient-echo (GE)-echo-planar-imaging (EPI) BOLD, containing contributions from all vessel sizes, and spin-echo (SE)-EPI BOLD for which signal changes predominately originate from microvessels, to distinguish signal weighting from different vascular compartments. Non-neuronal hemodynamic changes were induced by hypercapnia and hyperoxia to estimate cerebrovascular reactivity and venous cerebral blood volume (CBVvO2). Results show that increases in GE HRF amplitude from deeper to superficial layers coincided with increased macrovascular CBVvO2. CBVvO2-normalized GE-HRF amplitudes yielded similar cortical depth profiles as SE, thereby possibly improving specificity to neuronal activation. For GE BOLD, faster onset time and shorter time-to-peak were observed toward the deeper layers. Hypercapnia reduced the amplitude of visual stimulus-induced signal responses as denoted by lower GE-HRF amplitudes and longer time-to-peak. In contrast, the SE-HRF amplitude was unaffected by hypercapnia, suggesting that these responses reflect predominantly neurovascular processes that are less contaminated by macrovascular signal contributions.
Dissociating Cerebellar Regions Involved in Formulating and Articulating Words and Sentences
Authors: Parker Jones Oiwi , Geva Sharon , Prejawa Susan , Hope Thomas M. H. , Oberhuber Marion , Seghier Mohamed L. , Green David W. , Price Cathy J. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
We investigated which parts of the cerebellum are involved in formulating and articulating sentences using (i) a sentence production task that involved describing simple events in pictures; (ii) an auditory sentence repetition task involving the same sentence articulation but not sentence formulation; and (iii) an auditory sentence-to-picture matching task that involved the same pictorial events and no overt articulation. Activation for each of these tasks was compared to the equivalent word processing tasks: noun production, verb production, auditory noun repetition, and auditory noun-to-picture matching. We associate activation in bilateral cerebellum lobule VIIb with sequencing words into sentences because it increased for sentence production compared to all other conditions and was also activated by word production compared to word matching. We associate a paravermal part of right cerebellar lobule VIIIb with overt motor execution of speech, because activation was higher during (i) production and repetition of sentences compared to the corresponding noun conditions and (ii) noun and verb production compared to all matching tasks, with no activation relative to fixation during any silent (nonspeaking) matching task. We associate activation within right cerebellar Crus II with covert articulatory activity because it activated for (i) all speech production more than matching tasks and (ii) sentences compared to nouns during silent (nonspeaking) matching as well as sentence production and sentence repetition. Our study serendipitously segregated, for the first time, three distinct functional roles for the cerebellum in generic speech production, and it demonstrated how sentence production enhanced the demands on these cerebellar regions.
Exploring publication networks with a local cohesion-maximizing algorithm
Authors: Held Matthias , Gläser Jochen 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Global algorithms have taken precedence in bibliometrics as approaches to the reconstruction of topics from networks of publications. They partition a large set of publications, and the resulting disjoint clusters are then interpreted as individual topics. This is at odds with a sociological understanding of topics as formed by the participants working on and being influenced by them, an understanding that is best operationalized by algorithms prioritizing cohesion rather than separation, by using local information and by allowing topics to overlap. Thus, a different kind of algorithm is needed for topic reconstruction to be successful. Local algorithms represent a promising solution. In this paper, we present for consideration a new Multilayered, Adjustable, Local Bibliometric Algorithm (MALBA), which is in line with sociological definitions of topics and reconstructs dense regions in bibliometric networks locally. MALBA grows a subgraph from a publications seed by either interacting with a fixed network data set or querying an online database to obtain up-to-date linkage information. New candidates for addition are evaluated by assessing the links in two data models. Experiments with publications on the h-index and with ground truth data positioned in a data set of AMO physics illustrate the properties of MALBA and its potential.
An Investigation of the Compatibility of Baha’i Views with Religious Diversity
Authors: Gloeckner Cory D. , Beyers Jaco 
Published: June 2024

The Baha’i faith is a relatively new religion that has quickly gained popularity over the past century. Its main theological concepts include progressive revelation and religious unity, and perhaps its most important goal is unity among all humans, which takes the form of a single religion and eventually leads to a single peaceful society. Such a destination would first require interreligious dialogue and the acceptance of truth in many world religions at present, according to Baha’i teachings. Ideas of religious diversity have already spread among some Theocentric theologians, which leads us to question if such views are compatible with Baha’i doctrine on religious unity. This study investigates how the Baha’i faith promotes concepts of religious diversity in order to achieve its eventual goal of religious and societal unity, and whether Baha’i teachings are truly compatible with pluralism. The conclusions of this study reveal that while Baha’is promote the concept of religious diversity today, their eventual goal is not compatible with pluralism. Because pluralism implies the existence of multiple religions that share truth, its outcome is different from a single, worldwide religion. Theocentric ideas encourage diversity, but do not specify a formal outcome, which means that interreligious dialogue and acceptance of truth in many faiths could lead to pluralism or unity. Therefore, Theocentric theology does not necessarily disagree with Baha’i goals or the concept of pluralism due to a lack of specificity. This study is significant as our societies become more globalized, such that the coexistence of religions is becoming more critical. The Baha’i faith’s strong focus on religious unity sets it apart from religions that are traditionally exclusive. An analysis of such a religion that emphasizes interreligious dialogue and encourages cultural fusion is therefore essential for our understanding of interactions between religions in a multicultural society.
Credit Quality and Credit Risk: A Rigorous Walkthrough
Authors: Bajaj Richa Verma , Gupta Soumya 
Published: June 2024

This article provides an insight into the quality of credit portfolio of banks for the period from 2007–2008 to 2020–2021. The objective is to study the transition of public sector and private sector banks in India from standardised approach (SA) to internal rating-based (IRB) approach of credit risk. The overall structure of the article gives clear insight into why it is important for the banks to improve credit portfolio quality, considering default and recovery risk estimates, which in turn affect the returns of the bank. The study concludes that there is a need to improve credit quality of banks in India with a focus on small banks in public sector and large banks in private sector, as these banks are saddled with high defaults. Low rate of recovery in small banks in public sector and private sector adds to credit loss severity and high risk weights for the banks in IRB regime. However, the recent merger of the public sector banks, considering asset quality concerns, is still an unanswered question. JEL Codes: G010, G210, G320, G330
The Health Impact of Waiting for Elective Procedures in the NHS in England: A Modeling Framework Applied to Coronary Artery Bypass Graft and Total Hip Replacement
Authors: Gibbs Naomi Kate , Griffin Susan , Gutacker Nils , Villaseñor Adrián , Walker Simon 
Published: June 2024

Introduction The aim of this study is to demonstrate a practical framework that can be applied to estimate the health impact of changes in waiting times across a range of elective procedures in the National Health Service (NHS) in England. We apply this framework by modeling 2 procedures: coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) and total hip replacement (THR). Methods We built a Markov model capturing health pre- and postprocedure, including the possibility of exiting preprocedure to acute NHS care or self-funded private care. We estimate the change in quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs) over a lifetime horizon for 10 subgroups defined by sex and Index of Multiple Deprivation quintile groups and for 7 alternative scenarios. We include 18 wk as a baseline waiting time consistent with current NHS policy. The model was populated with data from routinely collected data sets where possible (Hospital Episode Statistics, Patient-Reported Outcome Measures, and Office for National Statistics Mortality records), supplemented by the academic literature. Results Compared with 18 wk, increasing the wait time to 36 wk resulted in a mean discounted QALY loss in the range of 0.034 to 0.043 for CABG and 0.193 to 0.291 for THR. The QALY impact of longer NHS waits was greater for those living in more deprived areas, partly as fewer patients switch to private care. Discussion/Conclusion The proposed framework was applied to 2 different procedures and patient populations. If applied to an expanded group of procedures, it could provide decision makers with information to inform prioritization of waiting lists. There are a number of limitations in routine data on waiting for elective procedures, primarily the lack of information on people still waiting. Highlights We present a modeling framework that allows for an estimation of the health impact (measured in quality-adjusted life-years) of waiting for elective procedures in the NHS in England. We apply our model to waiting for coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) and total hip replacement (THR). Increasing the wait for THR results in a larger health loss than an equivalent increase in wait for CABG. This model could potentially be used to estimate the impact across an expanded group of procedures to inform prioritization of activities to reduce waiting times.
Secondary Meniscectomy Rates and Risk Factors for Failed Repair of Ramp Lesions Performed at the Time of Primary ACL Reconstruction: An Analysis of 1037 Patients From the SANTI Study Group
Authors: Pioger Charles , Ayata Merwane , Pettinari Francesco , Ali Ahmad Abed , Alayane Ali , Campos Joao Pedro , Vieira Thais Dutra , Saithna Adnan , Sonnery-Cottet Bertrand 
Published: June 2024

Background: Studies evaluating secondary meniscectomy rates and risk factors for failure of ramp repair are sparse and limited by small numbers and heterogeneity. Purposes/Hypothesis: The purposes were to determine the secondary meniscectomy rate for failure of ramp repair performed using a posteromedial portal suture hook at the time of anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) and to identify risk factors for secondary meniscectomy. It was hypothesized that patients who underwent ACLR combined with a lateral extra-articular procedure (LEAP) would experience significantly lower rates of secondary meniscectomy compared with those undergoing isolated ACLR. Study Design: Case-control study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: Patients undergoing primary ACLR and ramp repair between 2013 and 2020 were included in the study. Final follow-up for each patient was defined by his or her last appointment recorded in a prospective database (with a study end date of March 2023). The database and medical records were used to determine whether patients had undergone secondary meniscectomy for failure of ramp repair. Survivorship of ramp repair (using secondary meniscectomy as an endpoint) was determined using the Kaplan-Meier method. Multivariate analysis was used to investigate possible risk factors. Results: A total of 1037 patients were included in the study. The secondary meniscectomy rate after ramp repair was 7.7% at a mean final follow-up of 72.4 months. Patients without combined ACLR + LEAP were >2-fold more likely to undergo a secondary medial meniscectomy compared with those with combined ACLR + LEAP (hazard ratio, 2.455; 95% CI, 1.457-4.135; P = .0007). Age, sex, preoperative Tegner score, and time between injury and surgery were not significant risk factors for failure. Conclusion: The rate of secondary meniscectomy after ramp repair performed through a posteromedial portal at the time of primary ACLR was low. Patients who underwent isolated ACLR (rather than ACLR + LEAP) were >2-fold more likely to undergo a secondary medial meniscectomy for failure of ramp repair. Additional risk factors for failure of ramp repair were not identified.
Latent Profiles of Acute Symptoms, Cognitive Performance, and Balance in Sport-Related Concussions
Authors: Simons Mary U. , McCrea Michael A. , Broglio Steven , McAllister Thomas W. , Nelson Lindsay D. , Benjamin Holly , Brooks Alison , Buckley Thomas , Cameron Kenneth , Clugston Jay , DiFiori John , D’Lauro Chris , Eckner James , Alejandro Feigenbaum Luis , Giza Christopher , Hazzard Jr Joseph , Kaminski Thomas , Kelly Louise , Kontos Anthony , Master Christina , Mihalik Jason , Miles Christopher , Port Nicholas , Putukian Margot , Susmarski Adam 
Published: June 2024

Background: A sport-related concussion (SRC) is a common injury that affects multiple clinical domains such as cognition, balance, and nonspecific neurobehavioral symptoms. Although multidimensional clinical assessments of concussion are widely accepted, there remain limited empirical data on the nature and clinical utility of distinct clinical profiles identified by multimodal assessments. Purpose: Our objectives were to (1) identify distinct clinical profiles discernible from acute postinjury scores on the Sport Concussion Assessment Tool (SCAT), composed of a symptom checklist, a cognitive assessment (Standardized Assessment of Concussion), and a balance assessment (Balance Error Scoring System), and (2) evaluate the clinical utility of the identified profiles by examining their association with injury characteristics, neuropsychological outcomes, and clinical management–related outcomes. Study Design: Cohort study (Prognosis); Level of evidence, 2. Methods: Up to 7 latent profiles were modeled for 1885 collegiate athletes and/or military cadets who completed the SCAT at 0 to 12 hours after an injury. Chi-square tests and general linear models were used to compare identified profiles on outcomes at 12 to 72 hours after the injury. Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to investigate associations between clinical profiles and time to return to being asymptomatic and to return to play. Results: There were 5 latent profiles retained: low impairment (65.8%), high cognitive impairment (5.4%), high balance impairment (5.8%), high symptom severity (16.4%), and global impairment (6.5%). The latent profile predicted outcomes at 12 to 72 hours in expectable ways (eg, the high balance impairment profile demonstrated worse balance at 12 to 72 hours after the injury). Time to return to being asymptomatic and to return to play were different across profiles, with the high symptom severity and global impairment profiles experiencing the longest recovery and the high balance impairment profile experiencing an intermediate-length recovery (vs low impairment profile). Conclusion: An SRC is a heterogeneous injury that presents in varying ways clinically in the acute injury period and results in different recovery patterns. These data support the clinical prognostic value of diverse profiles of impairment across symptom, cognitive, and balance domains. By identifying distinct profiles of an SRC and connecting them to differing outcomes, the findings support more evidence-based use of accepted multimodal clinical assessment strategies for SRCs.
Long-Term Advantages of Adolescent Optimism: Nonlinear Associations With Adult Outcomes and its Protective Role in Buffering Socioeconomic Risk
Authors: Tetzner Julia , Becker Michael 
Published: June 2024

This study examined whether optimism in early adolescence predicts occupational and psychosocial outcomes in early adulthood and explored the functional form of this relation. We also investigated whether these associations continue to hold after accounting for concomitant factors and whether optimism acts as a protective factor that helps early adolescents deal with socioeconomic adversity. We followed a large sample of German seventh graders ( N = 1596; 63.8% females; baseline M age = 12.9) at two measurement points over a period of 18 years and estimated latent regression models. Optimism in early adolescence predicted several adult outcomes, including occupational prestige, social integration, psychosocial symptoms, and depression. Analyses with social integration, depression, and life satisfaction revealed a nonlinear association: Optimism promoted life outcomes, but this positive association reached a plateau in above-average ranges of optimism and a minimum value in below-average optimism ranges. Moreover, optimism in early adolescence buffered the negative effects of low parental socioeconomic status on occupational prestige, job satisfaction, and psychosomatic symptoms in adulthood. The findings offer increased knowledge about the long-term significance of optimism and underscore the necessity of considering these effects from a more comprehensive and interactional point of view.