bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The perceptions of task cohesion in collaborative learning teams
Authors: Zamecnik Andrew , Kovanović Vitomir , Joksimović Srećko , Grossmann Georg , Ladjal Djazia , Pardo Abelardo 
Published: May 2024

AbstractTeam cohesion is critical in driving successful outcomes for teams in collaborative learning settings. It shapes team behaviour, fostering shared perceptions, group synchrony and a common goal-oriented approach. This affinity becomes evident in dynamic interactions, offering insights into team behaviour through interaction data analysis. Interpreting interaction data proves complex, hampering our understanding and insights into shared team perceptions and task cohesion development. This paper used temporal motif analysis to examine the changes in team members’ cohesive perceptions and behaviours, including task cohesion, performance outcomes, engagement and group synchrony. Trace data from an online work-integrated learning environment captured learning behaviours, while responses to a questionnaire at different stages of a study program captured task cohesion and cohesive perceptions. The findings reveal teams with strong task cohesion and high performance tend to share similar cohesive perceptions driven by interdependent interactions. Conversely, teams with different cohesion perceptions have lower interaction interdependence and poorer performance. Through analysing team interaction data, this study uncovered key insights to promote positive adjustments aligning team perceptions, enhancing collaborative learning and offering support for improved performance, engagement and synchrony among teams, ultimately benefiting learning outcomes and the cultivation of skills and competencies.
Improving assessment of lesions in longitudinal CT scans: a bi-institutional reader study on an AI-assisted registration and volumetric segmentation workflow
Authors: Hering Alessa , Westphal Max , Gerken Annika , Almansour Haidara , Maurer Michael , Geisler Benjamin , Kohlbrandt Temke , Eigentler Thomas , Amaral Teresa , Lessmann Nikolas , Gatidis Sergios , Hahn Horst , Nikolaou Konstantin , Othman Ahmed , Moltz Jan , Peisen Felix 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Purpose
AI-assisted techniques for lesion registration and segmentation have the potential to make CT-based tumor follow-up assessment faster and less reader-dependent. However, empirical evidence on the advantages of AI-assisted volumetric segmentation for lymph node and soft tissue metastases in follow-up CT scans is lacking. The aim of this study was to assess the efficiency, quality, and inter-reader variability of an AI-assisted workflow for volumetric segmentation of lymph node and soft tissue metastases in follow-up CT scans. Three hypotheses were tested: (H1) Assessment time for follow-up lesion segmentation is reduced using an AI-assisted workflow. (H2) The quality of the AI-assisted segmentation is non-inferior to the quality of fully manual segmentation. (H3) The inter-reader variability of the resulting segmentations is reduced with AI assistance.

Materials and methods
The study retrospectively analyzed 126 lymph nodes and 135 soft tissue metastases from 55 patients with stage IV melanoma. Three radiologists from two institutions performed both AI-assisted and manual segmentation, and the results were statistically analyzed and compared to a manual segmentation reference standard.

Results
AI-assisted segmentation reduced user interaction time significantly by 33% (222 s vs. 336 s), achieved similar Dice scores (0.80–0.84 vs. 0.81–0.82) and decreased inter-reader variability (median Dice 0.85–1.0 vs. 0.80–0.82; ICC 0.84 vs. 0.80), compared to manual segmentation.

Conclusion
The findings of this study support the use of AI-assisted registration and volumetric segmentation for lymph node and soft tissue metastases in follow-up CT scans. The AI-assisted workflow achieved significant time savings, similar segmentation quality, and reduced inter-reader variability compared to manual segmentation.
A power-aware vision-based virtual sensor for real-time edge computing
Authors: Contoli Chiara , Calisti Lorenzo , Fabrizio Giacomo Di , Kania Nicholas , Bogliolo Alessandro , Lattanzi Emanuele 
Published: May 2024

AbstractGraphics processing units and tensor processing units coupled with tiny machine learning models deployed on edge devices are revolutionizing computer vision and real-time tracking systems. However, edge devices pose tight resource and power constraints. This paper proposes a real-time vision-based virtual sensors paradigm to provide power-aware multi-object tracking at the edge while preserving tracking accuracy and enhancing privacy. We thoroughly describe our proposed system architecture, focusing on the Dynamic Inference Power Manager (DIPM). Our proposed DIPM is based on an adaptive frame rate to provide energy savings. We implement and deploy the virtual sensor and the DIPM on the NVIDIA Jetson Nano edge platform to prove the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed solution. The results of extensive experiments demonstrate that the proposed virtual sensor can achieve a reduction in energy consumption of about 36% in videos with relatively low dynamicity and about 21% in more dynamic video content while simultaneously maintaining tracking accuracy within a range of less than 1.2%.
Dialoge und Sprachlehrstrategien: Alternative Ansätze zur Erklärung frühkindlicher Sprachentwicklung – Ergebnisse einer Interventionsstudie
Authors: Hormann Oliver 
Published: May 2024

ZusammenfassungDie Studie untersucht den Einfluss zweier pädagogischer Prozessqualitätsmerkmale – des Gebrauchs von Sprachlehrstrategien (Input-Strategien, Modellierungs- und Korrekturtechniken und Output-Strategien) und der dialogischen Qualität der Konversation – auf die Sprachentwicklung von Kindern im Alter von 3 bis 5 Jahren. Die Prozessqualität wird dabei sowohl als unabhängige Einflussgröße des kindlichen Sprachzuwachses wie auch als Übertragungsmechanismus für eine Qualifizierungsmaßnahme zur alltagsintegrierten Sprachbildung im Elementarbereich untersucht. Die Daten wurden in einem Prätest-Posttest-Follow-Up-(Intervention-Kontrollgruppen‑)Design erhoben. Die Sprachkompetenzen der Kinder wurden breitgefächert in den Bereichen des Wortschatzes, des Sprachverständnisses, der Grammatik sowie der auditiven Gedächtnisleistungen gemessen. Gruppenbezogene Maße der Prozessqualität wurden auf Basis von Videoaufnahmen der Fachkraft-Kind-Interaktionen ermittelt. Im Rahmen von Mehrebenen-Mediationsanalysen wird gezeigt, dass unterschiedliche Zustände der Dialogqualität zu Beginn der Erhebung Verbesserungen des morphologischen Regelwissens, Satzgedächtnisses und Satzverständnisses zum zweiten Messzeitpunkt und Zuwächse im Satzverständnis auch zum dritten Messzeitpunkt vorhersagen. Demgegenüber wirken sich Veränderungen der Dialogqualität im Interventionszeitraum positiv auf parallele Veränderungen im phonologischen Arbeitsgedächtnis sowie in der Gedächtnisspanne für Wortfolgen aus. Input-Strategien beeinflussen die Sprachentwicklung der Kinder in den Bereichen des expressiven Wortschatzes, des morphologischen Regelwissens, des Satzgedächtnisses sowie des Satzverständnisses. Die Wirkungen werden dabei durch Zuwächse in der Nutzungshäufigkeit der Input-Strategien im Interventionszeitraum hervorgebracht und treten in parallelen und/oder langfristigen Veränderungen der Sprachleistungen zutage. Während die Output-Strategien keinen Effekt auf die Sprachentwicklung haben, wirken sich die Modellierungs- und Korrekturtechniken auf viele Kompetenzbereiche, die durch den Einsatz der Input-Strategien gefördert werden, negativ aus. Die Befunde werden unter methodischen Gesichtspunkten diskutiert. Die Mediationsanalysen belegen insgesamt das Potenzial der Dialogqualität und Input-Strategien für die Übertragung von Fortbildungsinhalten alltagsintegrierter Sprachbildungsprogramme auf die kindliche Sprachentwicklung.
Long-Term Outcomes of Patients with Staple Line Leaks Following Sleeve Gastrectomy
Authors: Abu-Abeid Adam , Litmanovich Adi , Abu-Abeid Subhi , Eldar Shai Meron , Lahat Guy , Yuval Jonathan Benjamin 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Purpose
The long-term outcomes of patients with staple line leaks (SLL) after SG are under-reported. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the long-term outcomes of patients with SLL after SG.

Materials and Methods
A retrospective analysis of a maintained patient registry of patients undergoing SG between January 2012 and December 2020 in a single bariatric center was analyzed and included patients with SLL. Outcomes were compared to a group without SLL.

Results
During this period, 1985 patients underwent SG of which 61 patients (3.1%) developed leak. 26 patients (1.3%) had overt SLL and the rest had organ space infection around the staple line. The mean age and body mass index (BMI) were 39.8 ± 11.3 and 41.5 ± 4.7, respectively. 7 patients (11.4%) underwent concomitant surgery and 12 patients (19.7%) had intraoperative complications. Leak was complicated by Clavien-Dindo ≥ 3 in 31 patients (50.8%). Reoperation rate was 27.8% (n = 17). ≥ 2 interventions were required in 26% of patients (n = 16). Two patients died during hospitalization due to septic complications. Long-term follow-up of median 121 months was available in 78% of the cohort (n = 48). The median total weight loss and BMI were 27% and 30.1 kg/m2, respectively. Weight loss outcomes were higher in comparison to patients without SLL. Seven patients (14.6%) underwent SG revision. All associated medical problems improved during follow-up except for gastroesophageal reflux which was found in 50% of cohort.

Conclusion
Long-term outcomes of SG patients with SLL are satisfactory in terms of weight loss, resolution of comorbidities, and requirement for surgical revision.

Graphical Abstract
Influence of N2 plasma treatment on properties of black phosphorus devices in space electronic systems
Authors: Wang Shenli , Wang Zhigao , Wang Xuan , Xia Huan , Wang Qian , Duan Peng , Leng Feiyu , Tian Jing , Huang Hao , Ip Wai-Hung , Yung Kai-Leung 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIn order to improve the country’s comprehensive national strength and seize space resources, the implementation of new space systems requires the use of advanced technology in key applications of microelectronics. To further improve device performance, black phosphorus (BP) is used to overcome feature size limitations for its atomic thickness. BP has excellent physical properties such as in-plane anisotropy, thickness-dependent direct band gap and high carrier mobility. However, the performance control of phosphene is a major challenge in practical applications. In order to tune the BP performance, various theoretical and experimental studies on the doping mechanism and strategies of BP have been proposed and reported. In this work, the performance of BP can be effectively tuned by N2 plasma treatment. By changing the power and processing time, the on-state current and mobility of the device can be effectively improved. This simple and efficient doping technique provides a valuable way to realize high performance BP thin film transistors.
Numerical modelling for stability of homogeneous clay and sand slopes improved by polyurethane foam piles in slope face
Authors: Hassona Faek , Hakeem Beshoy Maher 
Published: May 2024

AbstractPolyurethane foam (P.U.) injection resin techniques have been widely used for slab crack repair, soil improvement, and structural crack repair over the past 20 years. In this study, numerical investigations were carried out to enhance the strength of both sand and clay soils via utilizing polyurethane foam as inclusion material. The investigation was conducted using ‘GeoStudio (SLOPE/W) 2D’ software to model 6 m high homogeneous slopes made of soft clay and medium sand with varying slope angles (25°, 30°, 35°) on same soil extended up to 9 m depth and with inclusion of polyurethane foam piles of varying diameter (0.5 m, 0.8 m), length (up to 10 m) and spacing (0.5 m, 1 m, 2 m) in the slope face. The numerical model was verified using experimental test results conducted by Hassona and Abdelnaeem (Physical and mechanical properties of polyurethane foam conditioned sand. MSc, Civil Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering Minia University). The results revealed that, for slope angle, Ø = 30°, the factor of safety for clay soil increased when using polyurethane piles (diameter, 0.5 m and 10 m length) having spacing of two m, one m, half m, and when used as sheet piles, respectively. The factor of safety for clay soil increased significantly when using polyurethane piles (diameter, 0.8 m, and 10 m length) having spacing the same as before and as sheet piles having width of 0.5 and 0.8 m, respectively. Also, for medium dense sand soil, using polyurethane piles (diameter, 0.5 m and 10 m length) having spacing the same as before, and as sheet piles increased factor of safety much more than that for clay soil. In addition, for medium dense sand soil similar observation were noticed using polyurethane piles (diameter 0.8 m, and 10 m length) having spacing the same as before, and as sheet piles, respectively. In addition, the effects of slope angles also studied.
Potentially toxic metals contamination in stream sediments of Mbal area (Pan-African fold belt, Cameroon)
Authors: Jean-Lavenir Ndema Mbongué , Cyrille Sigué , Fulbert Mbowou Ngantche Igor , Nkongho Ako Arrey Jane Obi , Yiika Lemnyuy Prosper , Estelle Nga Essomba Tsoungui Philomène , Junior Emmanuel Eseya Mengu 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe Mbal area is situated within the Neoproterozoic Lom Basin in Cameroon. The objective of this paper was to determine the level of contamination and risk associated of potentially toxic metals (PTMs) in stream sediments of Mbal. Sampling was performed by panning and collected sediment were analysed using an inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometer. The sediment samples showed significant enrichment in mercury, above 10000 ppb. The other transition metals including manganese, zinc, lead were also elevated, ranging from 825 to 1950, 50.80 to 97 and 9.80 to 87.20 ppm, respectively. Multivariate statistical analyses revealed that the enrichment of the PTMs were attributed both to geogenic and anthropogenic sources. Pollution indicators such as degree of contamination, modified degree of contamination and pollution load index yielding 10809.33–200005, 982.67–18182.33 and 0.59–1.18 respectively, suggest high degree of sediments contamination from natural and anthropogenic sources. Geo-accumulation index and enrichment factor revealed moderate to extreme levels of metallic pollution. Potential ecological risk indices show extreme ecological risk index of PTMs suggesting ecological effects to biota and humans in the ecosystem. Mercury, lithology, mining, domestic and agricultural activities were major sources of PTMs pollution. Toxic metals may cause chronic health problems such as cardiovascular diseases, nervous system disorder, kidney damage and gastrointestinal disorder. This study underlines the importance of continuous monitoring and adaptive management for the preservation of the biotic and non-biotic environment. The results may assist mining companies and local populations in setting realistic targets for monitoring and remediation programs.
Defending Aggregated Legislative Intent
Authors: Tan David 
Published: May 2024

AbstractTheories of aggregated legislative intent posit that the legislative intent of parliament is what a significant enough proportion of legislators intended (e.g., legislative intent is p if a majority intend that p). After all, many think the same way about democracy (‘votes reveal the will of the people’) and about courts (‘a court decision is based on judicial voting’). The existing literature on aggregated legislative intent, however, tends to make two undefended assumptions: (i) Informed Assumption: all legislators have policy intentions; and (ii) Group Intent Assumption: the existence of an aggregated intent entails the existence of a group intent. Despite these assumptions being subject to great scrutiny, they largely remain undefended. This paper defends the Group Intent Assumption and shows that aggregated theories can survive with a weaker version of the Informed Assumption.
Trust, Guilds, and Kinship in London, 1330–1680
Authors: Adam Ammaarah , Adès Raphael , Banks William , Benning Canberk , Grant Gwyneth , Forster-Brass Harry , McGiveron Owen , Miller Joseph , Phelan Daniel , Randazzo Sebastian , Reilly Matthew , Scott Michael , Serban Sebastian , Stockton Carys , Wallis Patrick 
Published: May 2024

AbstractHow was trust created and reinforced between the inhabitants of medieval and early modern cities? And how did the social foundations of trusting relationships change over time? Current research highlights the role of kinship, neighbourhood, and associations, particularly guilds, in creating ‘relationships of trust’ and social capital in the face of high levels of migration, mortality, and economic volatility, but tells us little about their relative importance or how they developed. We uncover a profound shift in the contribution of family and guilds to trust networks among the middling and elite of one of Europe's major cities, London, over three centuries, from the 1330s to the 1680s. We examine almost 15,000 networks of sureties created to secure orphans’ inheritances to measure the presence of trusting relationships connected by guild membership, family, and place. We uncover a profound increase in the role of kinship – a re-embedding of trust within the family – and a decline of the importance of shared guild membership in connecting Londoners who secured orphans’ inheritances together. These developments indicate a profound transformation in the social fabric of urban society.
The role of neuropsychology in the care of patients with functional neurological symptom disorder
Authors: Van Patten Ryan , Mordecai Kristen , LaFrance W. Curt 
Published: May 2024

AbstractObjective:Functional neurological symptom disorder (FNSD) is a neuropsychiatric condition characterized by signs/symptoms associated with brain network dysfunction. FNSDs are common and are associated with high healthcare costs. FNSDs are relevant to neuropsychologists, as they frequently present with chronic neuropsychiatric symptoms, subjective cognitive concerns, and/or low neuropsychological test scores, with associated disability and reduced quality of life. However, neuropsychologists in some settings are not involved in care of patients with FNSDs. This review summarizes relevant FNSD literature with a focus on the role of neuropsychologists.Methods:A brief review of the literature is provided with respect to epidemiology, public health impact, symptomatology, pathophysiology, and treatment.Results:Two primary areas of focus for this review are the following: (1) increasing neuropsychologists’ training in FNSDs, and (2) increasing neuropsychologists’ role in assessment and treatment of FNSD patients.Conclusions:Patients with FNSD would benefit from increased involvement of neuropsychologists in their care.
Design of a broadband high-efficiency power amplifier based on ring-resonant filter with compensation architecture and a series of continuous modes
Authors: Xu Sen , Wu JianFeng , Chen Xiang 
Published: May 2024

AbstractA systematic design approach is presented for the design of broadband high-efficiency power amplifiers (PAs) by combining an improved ring-resonant filter matching network with a series of continuous modes. The improved ring-resonant matching network presented can effectively enhance out-of-band attenuation and sharp roll-off characteristics by adding a compensation structure with parallel stub. To verify the proposed design theory, a 10-W GaN HEMT device is designed and fabricated. The test results indicate that from the operating frequency band of 0.55−3.3 GHz with a relative bandwidth of 142.9%, a saturated output power of 38.5−42 dBm, drain efficiency of 58.2−70.3%, and a gain of 8.5–12 dB can be achieved under 3 dB gain compression, indicating the rationality of the design theory.
Structural basis of a small monomeric Clivia fluorogenic RNA with a large Stokes shift
Authors: Huang Kaiyi , Song Qianqian , Fang Mengyue , Yao Deqiang , Shen Xin , Xu Xiaochen , Chen Xianjun , Zhu Linyong , Yang Yi , Ren Aiming 
Published: May 2024

AbstractRNA-based fluorogenic modules have revolutionized the spatiotemporal localization of RNA molecules. Recently, a fluorophore named 5-((Z)-4-((2-hydroxyethyl)(methyl)amino)benzylidene)-3-methyl-2-((E)-styryl)-3,5-dihydro-4H-imidazol-4-one (NBSI), emitting in red spectrum, and its cognate aptamer named Clivia were identified, exhibiting a large Stokes shift. To explore the underlying molecular basis of this unique RNA–fluorophore complex, we determined the tertiary structure of Clivia–NBSI. The overall structure uses a monomeric, non-G-quadruplex compact coaxial architecture, with NBSI sandwiched at the core junction. Structure-based fluorophore recognition pattern analysis, combined with fluorescence assays, enables the orthogonal use of Clivia–NBSI and other fluorogenic aptamers, paving the way for both dual-emission fluorescence and bioluminescence imaging of RNA molecules within living cells. Furthermore, on the basis of the structure-based substitution assay, we developed a multivalent Clivia fluorogenic aptamer containing multiple minimal NBSI-binding modules. This innovative design notably enhances the recognition sensitivity of fluorophores both in vitro and in vivo, shedding light on future efficient applications in various biomedical and research contexts.
A novel fatty acid metabolism-related signature identifies MUC4 as a novel therapy target for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Li Shanshan , Liu Zhengcao , Chen Qingqing , Chen Yuetong , Ji Shengjun 
Published: May 2024

AbstractFatty acid metabolism has been identified as an emerging hallmark of cancer, which was closely associated with cancer prognosis. Whether fatty acid metabolism-related genes (FMGs) signature play a more crucial role in biological behavior of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) prognosis remains unknown. Thus, we aimed to identify a reliable FMGs signature for assisting treatment decisions and prognosis evaluation of ESCC. In the present study, we conducted consensus clustering analysis on 259 publicly available ESCC samples. The clinical information was downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA, 80 ESCC samples) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database (GSE53625, 179 ESCC samples). A consensus clustering arithmetic was used to determine the FMGs molecular subtypes, and survival outcomes and immune features were evaluated among the different subtypes. Kaplan–Meier analysis and the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) was applied to evaluate the reliability of the risk model in training cohort, validation cohort and all cohorts. A nomogram to predict patients’ 1-year, 3-year and 5-year survival rate was also studied. Finally, CCK-8 assay, wound healing assay, and transwell assay were implemented to evaluate the inherent mechanisms of FMGs for tumorigenesis in ESCC. Two subtypes were identified by consensus clustering, of which cluster 2 is preferentially associated with poor prognosis, lower immune cell infiltration. A fatty acid (FA) metabolism-related risk model containing eight genes (FZD10, TACSTD2, MUC4, PDLIM1, PRSS12, BAALC, DNAJA2 and ALOX12B) was established. High-risk group patients displayed worse survival, higher stromal, immune and ESTIMATE scores than in the low-risk group. Moreover, a nomogram revealed good predictive ability of clinical outcomes in ESCC patients. The results of qRT-PCR analysis revealed that the MUC4 and BAALC had high expression level, and FZD10, PDLIM1, TACSTD2, ALOX12B had low expression level in ESCC cells. In vitro, silencing MUC4 remarkably inhibited ESCC cell proliferation, invasion and migration. Our study fills the gap of FMGs signature in predicting the prognosis of ESCC patients. These findings revealed that cluster subtypes and risk model of FMGs had effects on survival prediction, and were expected to be the potential promising targets for ESCC.