bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Task conflict, relationship conflict and agreement‐seeking behavior in Chinese top management teams
Authors: Parayitam Satyanarayana , Olson Bradley J. , Bao Yongjian 
Published: February 2010

PurposeThis paper aims to investigate the effects task conflict has on agreement seeking behavior and interpersonal conflict. In addition, it seeks to examine the moderating role of trust on the effects of agreement seeking behavior and interpersonal conflict on the styles of handing conflict, namely, avoidance, collaboration, and third party intervention.Design/methodology/approachUsing a structured survey instrument, this paper gathered data from 252 senior executives from Mainland China and analyzed these using the regression technique to see how interpersonal trust between executives moderates the relationship between conflict and conflict response mechanisms. The study also investigates the relationship between task and relationship conflict as well as agreement‐seeking behavior among Chinese executives in Mainland China.FindingsResults show that the presence of interpersonal trust among executives affects the conflict responses for the benefit of organization. The results show that task conflict in top management teams is positively related to relationship conflict and negatively related to agreement‐seeking behavior. The data support the view that intra‐group trust moderates the relationship between agreement‐seeking behavior and collaborating responses such that high‐trust groups will have greater collaboration than low‐trusting teams. Results also support that intra‐group trust moderates the relationship between agreement‐seeking behavior and third party responses such that high‐trust groups will have greater third‐party responses than low‐trusting teams.Research limitations/implicationsSelf‐report measures may have some inherent social desirability bias. Despite this potential weakness, this study examines Chinese executives and therefore provides insights into top management team literature.Practical implicationsThis study contributes to both practicing managers as well as to strategic management literature. This study suggests that administrators need to focus on interpersonal trust while dealing with the outcomes of task and relationship conflict.Originality/valueAlthough the study is related to Chinese executives, the findings from the study, that task conflict has its affect on interpersonal conflict and agreement‐seeking behavior, contribute to the strategic decision making literature.
Learning to lead in the entrepreneurial context
Authors: Kempster Stephen , Cope Jason 
Published: February 2010

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explore the nature of leadership learning in the entrepreneurial context, by building a dynamic learning perspective of entrepreneurship. It draws on contemporary leadership literature to appreciate entrepreneurial leadership as a social process of becoming located in particular contexts and communities.Design/methodology/approachThrough qualitative phenomenological interviews with nine entrepreneurs the lived experience of learning to lead is explored. The principles of interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA) are utilised to analyse the data and enable inductive theory‐building.FindingsThe findings illustrate situated leadership patterns and relationships unique to the entrepreneurial context. A number of significant structural and experiential factors are identified that both shape and restrict the development of leadership practice in small ventures. Specifically, the limited opportunities for leadership enactment and observation, the dominance of the business as the crucible for leadership learning, the influence of the family and the low salience of leadership are highlighted.Research limitations/implicationsIn appreciating the leadership learning task that nascent entrepreneurs are faced with it is vital that further research delves deeper into the varying levels of “leadership preparedness” brought to new venture creation. From a policy perspective, there is significant value in enabling entrepreneurs to engage in meaningful dialogue, critical reflection and purposive action with their peers through the creation of leadership “learning networks”.Originality/valueThe research demonstrates leadership learning processes and pathways that are significantly different to those experienced by managers in the employed context. In so doing, this article represents the first systematic attempt to apply a learning perspective to the subject of entrepreneurial leadership.
Entrepreneurial intent
Authors: Engle Robert L. , Dimitriadi Nikolay , Gavidia Jose V. , Schlaegel Christopher , Delanoe Servane , Alvarado Irene , He Xiaohong , Buame Samuel , Wolff Birgitta 
Published: February 2010

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to test the ability of Ajzen's Theory of Planned Behavior to predict entrepreneurial intent in 12 countries representing all ten of the global regional clusters as identified in the GLOBE project.Design/methodology/approachAjzen's model was operationalized to address entrepreneurial intent and a questionnaire was developed consisting of previously used scales, as well as a new measure of entrepreneurial autonomy. A total of 1,748 usable questionnaires were collected from university business students in 12 countries.FindingsThe results suggest that Ajzen's model of planned behavior, as operationalized in this study, does successfully predict entrepreneurial intent in each of the study countries, although as foreseen by Ajzen, the significant contributing model elements differ by country as does the percent of the variance explained by the model, although one model element, social norms, was a significant predictor of entrepreneurial intent in each country.Originality/valueThis is the first paper to provide insight to the role of cognition in the entrepreneurial process by examining a model of planned behavior in countries representing all global regional culture clusters. The paper also provides guidance for future entrepreneurial research and individual development of entrepreneurs.
Black, Asian and Minority Ethnic female business owners
Authors: Davidson Marilyn J. , Fielden Sandra L. , Omar Azura 
Published: February 2010

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to focus on the positive and negative effects of gender and ethnicity in relation to discrimination and the problems encountered in accessing social support (including emotional and instrumental support).Design/methodology/approachQualitative data were collected through in‐depth interviews with 40 Black, Asian and Minority Ethnic (BAME) female small business owners based in north west England. The main aims and objectives of the study were to: investigate the discriminatory experiences of BAME female small business owners related to their gender and ethnicity; and to identify the forms (formal and informal) and types (emotional/instrumental) of social support available in relation to their entrepreneurial activities that enabled them to cope with and overcome, the discrimination they may encounter.FindingsOver half of the respondents in the study had experienced discriminations because of their gender, ethnic background or both. This was attributed to a number of factors, including stereotypical images of specific ethnic cultures, religions and practices. Many respondents reported difficulties in accessing different types of formal social support, e.g. formal business and financial support. Informal support by respondents' families was reported as a key source of both emotional and instrumental.Research limitations/implicationsThis paper is just a starting point for this area of research and, because the sample covers women from a variety of BAME backgrounds, it is not possible to generalize the findings to the wider population of BAME women. However, it does give an indication of what issues need to be considered in the provision of instrumental support for BAME women small business owners.Practical implicationsThe paper shows that a key element in the development of a strategy for addressing the needs of the BAME female small business owners is the necessity to appropriately re‐design mainstream business support systems and financial services, in order to provide these women effective access to formal social support.Originality/valueThe experiences of BAME small business owners have received little attention and this paper offers a unique insight into the relationship between social support, gender, ethnicity and business ownership.
The evolution of sovereign wealth funds: Singapore's Temasek Holdings
Authors: Ng Wilson 
Published: February 2010

PurposeWhere there has been little in‐depth understanding of sovereign wealth funds, the purpose of this paper is to describe the complex nature of one of the world's largest sovereign wealth funds, Temasek Holdings (“Temasek”), whose “active” investment strategy has been emulated by a number of other funds.Design/methodology/approachThe paper draws mainly on public data in developing a case history of Temasek.FindingsBased on this data, the paper suggests how the firm's underlying strategy seems to be about pursuing the national interests of its sovereign shareholder in both a commercial and non‐commercial manner.Research limitations/implicationsConsistent with a case‐based approach, the paper presents a single example of a sovereign wealth fund.Practical implicationsThe aggressive manner in which Temasek has built up its international portfolio coupled with the mixed impact of its “active” investment strategy raise a number of issues about the nature of an important sovereign wealth fund.Originality/valueThe value of the paper is in its cogent, insightful picture of the development of a sovereign wealth fund that was a pioneer of this phenomenon.
The politics of sovereign wealth fund investment: the case of Temasek and Shin Corp.
Authors: Lhaopadchan Suntharee 
Published: February 2010

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to highlight some of the political aspects of sovereign wealth fund investment.Design/methodology/approachThe paper employs a case study approach, bringing together various news articles and reports from around the world to build a picture of the key events surrounding the Temasek acquisition of Shin Corp.FindingsThe paper finds that the deal between Temasek and Shin Corp. was complex as foreign ownership is limited in Thailand. To add further controversy to the deal, the ultimate owner of Shin Corp. was former Thai Prime Minister Thaksin Shinawatra. Consequently, the controversy surrounding the deal and sensitive nature of the sale caused significant political turmoil in Thailand, and in some measure contributed to the military coup that finally ousted Thaksin Shinawatra.Research limitations/implicationsThe paper is a case study and as such is illustrative.Practical implicationsThe case highlights the potential fallout from sovereign wealth fund investment as a result of acquiring strategic assets.Originality/valueTo the best of the author's knowledge, the paper presents the first discussion of this important issue.
The next stage of sovereign wealth investment: China buys Africa
Authors: Doriye Elirehema 
Published: February 2010

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to highlight a number of issues surrounding the sovereign wealth investment activities of the Chinese Government in Africa.Design/methodology/approachThe paper employs a case study approach, bringing together various news articles and reports from around the world to build a picture of China's investment activities.FindingsThe paper finds that the reach of the Chinese Government is expanding rapidly beyond the narrow investments made thus far by China Investment Corporation. Through a wide‐ranging programme of investment through Chinese State Owned Enterprises the Chinese Government is securing substantial amounts of oil, mineral and arable land, with much of this coming from Africa.Research limitations/implicationsThe paper is a case study and as such is illustrative.Practical implicationsThe current focus of the debate on sovereign wealth needs to be widened to take account of the other ways in which sovereign wealth is being invested.Originality/valueThis paper is believed to be the first to discuss this important issue.
Be careful what you wish for: the stock market reactions to bailing out large financial institutions
Authors: Brewer Elijah , Klingenhagen Ann Marie 
Published: February 2010

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine the implicit subsidies received, in the form of stock market returns, from the perception that large banking organizations are too big to fail, and implications for financial regulation.Design/methodology/approachThe empirical analysis focuses on the responses of stock prices of various size groups of banking organizations to announcement of government capital injections to banks (troubled assets relief program) during the 2008 financial crisis, and summarizes responses of regulatory authorities to the crisis.FindingsThe paper finds positive and statistically significant stock return reactions both for a portfolio of the large banking organizations that are part of the initial capital injection plan and a portfolio of the large banking organizations that are not part of the initial capital injection plan, implying a too‐big‐to‐fail (TBTF) effect, especially for the latter group of institutions.Research limitations/implicationsThe paper focuses on a short time frame of stock price reactions to specific events, for the largest US banks. Further examination of longer‐term stock price effects on US as well as foreign banks may be of interest.Practical implicationsThe results have implications for the manner and scope of financial regulatory actions and changes in regulators' approaches to systemic risk and individual bank regulation.Originality/valueThe paper examines TBTF bank subsidy effects in response to a rapidly unfolding financial crisis. These have implications for longer term responses, particularly in the regulatory sphere.
Media perceptions of public relations in New Zealand
Authors: Sterne Graeme David 
Published: February 2010

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to describe media perceptions of public relations in New Zealand and to explore the reasons behind these perceptions with a view to identifying what public relations practitioners and Public Relations Institute of New Zealand (PRINZ) can do to improve the perceptions and build a better working relationship given the key nature of the public relations‐media relationship.Design/methodology/approachA total of 30 editors, news managers, business editors and senior news reporters from a full range of New Zealand's radio, television, print and online media were interviewed in late 2007. Maori and Pacific Island media were also included in order to gather perspectives from the non‐mainstream.FindingsMedia perceptions of public relations in New Zealand are largely (but not exclusively) negative. The relationship has four faces – sworn enemies; traditional rivals; close collaboration; and being in a different place (not connecting). Antagonism from media practitioners is largely based on experiences with public relations practitioners but also on self created identities. Variations are due to power differentials such as self and other definition, realities in the media landscape, and perceived misalignment of interests.Research limitations/implicationsThis study only looks at the relationship from a media persective. A similar study of public relations practitioner perspectives would be the sensible next step. Further investigation of ethnic models of media and public relations are needed because they have not been done before and they may produce fresh ways of understanding and framing public relations.Practical implicationsThis study argues that outright media hostility is hypocritical and unhelpful but that professional rivalry is healthy. Public relations practitioners in New Zealand need to improve their treatment of the media at a relational level and learn how to relate to other cultures more effectively. This is crucial because the strongest influence on media perceptions of public relations is the behaviour of public relations practitioners.Originality/valueThis study focuses on the perceptions of senior media in New Zealand. It demonstrates the array of perceptions and reveals that ethnic media feels disconnected from mainstream public relations. This study explains why this is and suggests some practical steps to take to remedy this rift. It also identifies more general measures public relations practitioners need to take to improve the crucial public relations‐media relationship.
Managing from the middle
Authors: Reber Bryan H. , Pētersone Baiba , Berger Bruce K. 
Published: February 2010

PurposeThis paper aims to analyze the opinions of newsletter editors in the Sierra Club in an effort to understand the roles an editor and newsletter content play in building relationships in an activist setting. There are two goals: to examine editorial decision making in an activist organization; and to examine the role of interpersonal interaction as part of an organizational‐public relationship (OPR).Design/methodology/approachIn‐depth interviews with 14 Sierra Club newsletter editors examined issues related to newsletter content choice, issue frames, sources, and mission.FindingsThe findings illustrate normative practices for grassroots gatekeepers. Editors saw their role as facilitating relationship building and activism among members. This has theoretical implications for OPR theory by suggesting a new facilitative relationship type.Research limitations/implicationsAs all qualitative research, the findings of this study are not generalizable. This study is further limited because it focuses on a single organization and one communication channel.Practical implicationsMost editors suggested that content selection was based on the expertise of the editor or an editorial or executive board. This provides strategic communication opportunities for both the national and the grassroots organization, if the editorial decision making model is identified by strategists.Originality/valueMid‐level gatekeepers, such as newsletter editors, are an important public to study because of their potential impact on key publics. This paper provides both practical and theoretical implications. Practical implications include insights into how some activist gatekeepers make decisions and into information salience.
Enhancing the quality of organizational communication
Authors: Marques Joan F. 
Published: February 2010

PurposeThis article aims to introduce practical based criteria for effective organizational communication.Design/methodology/approachThe subject scope for this article is corporate communication. The study is based on literature reviews and a qualitative study, entailing the basic principles of the phenomenological approach, with 20 subjects.FindingsFour additional criteria for effective corporate communication surfaced: responsible; professional; concise; and sincere.Research limitations/implicationsThe studies reviewed, although in‐depth, apply to a small sample in one metropolitan environment, which makes generalization among different cultures riskier.Practical implicationsOrganizational managers may use these findings to reflect on their communication strategies and improve them, where necessary, on the basis of the findings of this study.Originality/valueThe paper's value lies in the four additional criteria found as a result of reflections from members of the corporate workforce, after having been exposed to a course on organizational communication, and therefore, existing criteria in literature. The additional criteria may be considered important for corporate workers, and should therefore not be ignored by managers.
What they can do versus how much they care
Authors: Kim Sora , Rader Scott 
Published: February 2010

PurposeThis paper aims to propose a typology of corporate communication strategy; to investigate whether the typology is present among Fortune 500 corporations; and to explore whether there is a dominant strategy and industrial differences among them.Design/methodology/approachA content analysis of all 2008 Fortune 500 corporate web sites was undertaken.FindingsThis paper finds that there are three corporate communication strategies used to affect publics' corporate associations: corporate ability (CAb) strategy; corporate social responsibility (CSR) strategy; and a hybrid strategy. The results demonstrate that a majority of corporate public relations for Fortune 500 companies emphasize a CAb communication strategy over a CSR or hybrid strategy, whereas the top 100 Fortune 500 corporations focus on a CSR strategy over the other two strategies. Industrial differences are also found in adopting different corporate strategy among the companies.Originality/valueThe applied value of this research it is that provides convincing and realistic insights about contemporary corporate communication strategy and a valuable set of communicative directives to public relations practitioners managing corporate‐context communications with stakeholders since it explores dominant corporate strategy among Fortune 500 companies.
Cultural issues in crisis communication
Authors: Wertz Emma K. , Kim Sora 
Published: February 2010

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to analyse the crisis messages framed by the media coverage and the message strategies during the US E. coli spinach crisis and Korea's rotten dumpling crisis.Design/methodology/approachA content analysis was used to extend a cultural analysis of the crisis messages framed by the media coverage regarding the sources of information and the message strategies used by these sources.FindingsKorea used a more aggressive message strategy than was expected.Practical implicationsConscientious public relations practitioners can use this kind of information as they work to better understand how culture affects the way the media frame issues, through the messages they present to publics, and the effect these frames have on an organization's key stakeholders and publics.Originality/valueSituations like this allow crisis communicators and public relations professionals to investigate messages created during a crisis situation and messages that are conveyed – through the media – to key stakeholders. Doing so allows for a better understanding of where information and communication gaps occur during a crisis – providing an opportunity for public relations practitioners to assist in filling them.
Guest Editor's introduction
Authors: Salling Olesen Henning 
Published: February 2010

PurposeThe purpose of this editorial is to outline the historical and conceptual context in which the research into workplace learning as a research field is emerging.Design/methodology/approachThe paper in an essayistic knowledge sociology perspective parallels developments in the nature of work and the growing interest in human resources, and hence learning. It confronts the general stereotypes of work with the actual multiplicity of different work domains.FindingsThe actual sample of articles is characterized briefly, drawing attention to the epistemological value of concrete studies of different learning experiences in different types of work.Originality/valueThe perspective of the editorial is mainly to spur the reflection of researchers in the field to the interrelation between theoretical issues and practical engagement in learning enterprises.