bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reaction–diffusion constraints in living tissue: Effectiveness factors in skeletal muscle design
Authors: Dasika S.K. , Kinsey S.T. , Locke B.R. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractA mathematical model was developed to analyze the effects of intracellular diffusion of O2 and high‐energy phosphate metabolites on aerobic energy metabolism in skeletal muscle. We tested the hypotheses that in a range of muscle fibers from different species (1) aerobic metabolism was not diffusion limited and (2) that fibers had a combination of rate and fiber size that placed them at the brink of substantial diffusion limitation. A simplified chemical reaction rate law for mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation was developed utilizing a published detailed model of isolated mitochondrial function. This rate law was then used as a boundary condition in a reaction–diffusion model that was further simplified using the volume averaging method and solved to determine the rates of oxidative phosphorylation as functions of the volume fraction of mitochondria, the size of the muscle cell, and the amount of oxygen delivered by the capillaries. The effectiveness factor, which is the ratio of reaction rate in the system with finite rates of diffusion to those in the absence of any diffusion limitations, defined the regions where intracellular diffusion of metabolites and O2 may limit aerobic metabolism in both very small, highly oxidative fibers as well as in larger fibers with lower aerobic capacity. Comparison of model analysis with experimental data revealed that none of the fibers was strongly limited by diffusion, as expected. However, while some fibers were near substantial diffusion limitation, most were well within the domain of reaction control of aerobic metabolic rate. This may constitute a safety factor in muscle that provides a level of protection from diffusion constraints under conditions such as hypoxia. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2011; 108:104–115. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Enhanced butyric acid tolerance and bioproduction by Clostridium tyrobutyricum immobilized in a fibrous bed bioreactor
Authors: Jiang Ling , Wang Jufang , Liang Shizhong , Cai Jin , Xu Zhinan , Cen Peilin , Yang Shangtian , Li Shuang 
Published: September 2010

AbstractRepeated fed‐batch fermentation of glucose by Clostridium tyrobutyricum immobilized in a fibrous bed bioreactor (FBB) was successfully employed to produce butyric acid at a high final concentration as well as to adapt a butyric‐acid‐tolerant strain. At the end of the eighth fed‐batch fermentation, the butyric acid concentration reached 86.9 ± 2.17 g/L, which to our knowledge is the highest butyric acid concentration ever produced in the traditional fermentation process. To understand the mechanism and factors contributing to the improved butyric acid production and enhanced acid tolerance, adapted strains were harvested from the FBB and characterized for their physiological properties, including specific growth rate, acid‐forming enzymes, intracellular pH, membrane‐bound ATPase and cell morphology. Compared with the original culture used to seed the bioreactor, the adapted culture showed significantly reduced inhibition effects of butyric acid on specific growth rate, cellular activities of butyric‐acid‐forming enzyme phosphotransbutyrylase (PTB) and ATPase, together with elevated intracellular pH, and elongated rod morphology. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2011; 108:31–40. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Fed‐batch bioreactor performance and cell line stability evaluation of the artificial chromosome expression technology expressing an IgG1 in chinese hamster ovary cells
Authors: Combs Rodney G. , Yu Erwin , Roe Susanna , Piatchek Michele Bailey , Jones Heather L. , Mott John , Kennard Malcolm L. , Goosney Danika L. , Monteith Diane 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThe artificial chromosome expression (ACE) technology system uses an engineered artificial chromosome containing multiple site‐specific recombination acceptor sites for the rapid and efficient construction of stable cell lines. The construction of Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell lines expressing an IgG1 monoclonal antibody (MAb) using the ACE system has been previously described (Kennard et al., Biotechnol Bioeng. 2009;104:540‐553). To further demonstrate the manufacturing feasibility of the ACE system, four CHO cell lines expressing the human IgG1 MAb 4A1 were evaluated in batch and fed‐batch shake flasks and in a 2‐L fed‐batch bioreactor. The batch shake flasks achieved titers between 0.7 and 1.1 g/L, whereas the fed‐batch shake flask process improved titers to 2.5–3.0 g/L. The lead 4A1 ACE cell line achieved titers of 4.0 g/L with an average specific productivity of 40 pg/(cell day) when cultured in a nonoptimized 2‐L fed‐batch bioreactor using a completely chemically defined process. Generational stability characterization of the lead 4A1‐expressing cell line demonstrated that the cell line was stable for up to 75 days in culture. Product quality attributes of the 4A1 MAb produced by the ACE system during the stability evaluation period were unchanged and also comparable to existing expression technologies such as the CHO‐dhfr system. The results of this evaluation demonstrate that a clonal, stable MAb‐expressing CHO cell line can be produced using ACE technology that performs competitively using a chemically defined fed‐batch bioreactor process with comparable product quality attributes to cell lines generated by existing technologies. © 2010 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Biotechnol. Prog., 2011
Frequency and risk of noncardiac surgery after drug‐eluting stent implantation
Authors: Gandhi Nainesh K. , Abdel‐Karim Abdul‐Rahman R. , Banerjee Subhash , Brilakis Emmanouil S. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractBackground: Few studies have described the frequency and risk of surgery after drug‐eluting stent (DES) implantation. Methods: The medical records of 827 consecutive patients who received a DES at our institution between January 1, 2005 and July 1, 2008 were retrospectively reviewed to determine the outcomes of patients who subsequently underwent noncardiac surgery. Results: During a median follow‐up of 21 months, 135 patients underwent 191 noncardiac surgeries. The incidence of noncardiac surgery was 7% at 1 year, 18% at 2 years, and 22% at 3 years. Mean age was 62 years and 96% were men. A perioperative complication occurred in 19 surgeries (10%): excessive bleeding in 11 patients (6%), myocardial infarction in four patients (2%), acute renal failure in one patient (0.5%), hypotension and syncope in one patient (0.5%) and postoperative death in three patients (1.6%). Stent thrombosis occurred in one patient (0.5%). A complication occurred in six of 58 surgeries (10%) in which patients received perioperative clopidogrel vs. 13 of 133 surgeries (10%) in which patients did not receive perioperative clopidogrel (P = 0.90). Complications occurred in three of 25 surgeries performed within 6 months (16%), in four of 37 surgeries performed between 6 and 12 months (11%), and in 12 of 129 surgeries performed after >12 months (9%) from DES implantation (P = 0.90). Conclusion: Noncardiac surgery is frequently needed in the years after DES implantation and appears to carry a low risk of stent thrombosis and perioperative complications. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Transapical aortic balloon valvuloplasty in a 890‐gram infant: Hybrid is better!
Authors: Maschiettom Nicola , Vidam Vladimiro , Milanesi Ornella 
Published: September 2010

AbstractBalloon aortic valvuloplasty has become in many centers the treatment of choice for neonates with critical or severe aortic stenosis. Usual approaches both antegrade and retrograde can be problematic in preterms extremely low birth weight babies. We describe a novel approach for dilating the aortic valve in an 890 grams baby. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Aortic coarctation complicated by wall aneurysm
Authors: Butera Gianfranco , Heles Mohamed , MacDonald Simon T. , Carminati Mario 
Published: September 2010

AbstractObjectives: To evaluate the management of aneurysms associated with aortic coarctation by covered stent deployment.Background:Aortic aneurysm formation complicating aortic coarctation carries a risk of rupture with high mortality rate. Surgical repair has a significant mortality and may be associated with central nervous system injury, including paraplegia. Transcatheter intervention alternatively carries a risk of aneurysmal rupture.Methods:Between July 2004 and September 2009, 140 consecutive patients underwent percutaneous stent implantation to treat aortic coarctation. Eleven (7.9%) patients had coarctation associated with aortic wall aneurysm: three with native coarctation with wall aneurysm, three with previous surgical coarctation repair, three with previous balloon angioplasty, and two with previous bare stent implantation. The e‐PTFE‐covered 8Zig Cheatham‐Platinum stents were used to treat all 11 patients.Results:Median age at procedure was 13 years (range, 6–66 years). Successful device deployment was achieved in all patients. Systolic pressure gradient reduced significantly from a median baseline of 30 mm Hg (range, 25–50 mm Hg) to a postprocedural median of 5 mm Hg (range, 0–20 mm Hg) (P < 0.01). Aortic diameter increased from a median value of 6 mm (range, 0.5–11 mm) to a median value of 12 mm (range, 10–22 mm) (P < 0.001). No early complications occurred, with successful relief of stenoses and complete sealing of all aneurysms. Median follow‐up was 50 months (range, 16–61 months). Redilatation was required in four patients (one patient with intrastent restenosis secondary to significant endothelial growth, whereas the other three patients showed restenosis secondary to somatic growth). Redilatation with a larger balloon was performed without complication in all cases.Conclusions:Our data show that covered stents are a safe and effective treatment with low risk of complications for the treatment of coarctation associated with aortic wall aneurysm. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Feasibility of the 3D RCA catheter to engage the brachiocephalic vessels during carotid angiography and stenting
Authors: Wasty Najam , Abidi Mateen , Tanwir Anjum , Yaganti Vamsee , Mejevoi Nicolai , Cohen Marc , Zakir Ramzan M. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractBackground: Engagement of the brachiocephalic vessels during carotid angiography is performed using a JR‐4, Vitek, or other catheters with variable success. These catheters require additional training for safe manipulation. In this study, we evaluated the feasibility of using the 3D RCA catheter which requires less manipulation in the aorta, and less training, to engage the brachiocephalic vessels. Methods: We prospectively studied consecutive high‐risk patients undergoing carotid angiography and stenting from August 2005 to March 2009 at our institution. A baseline aortogram was performed to define the arch type in all patients. Engagement of the brachiocephalic vessels was initially attempted using the 3D RCA catheter using the following approach: The 3D RCA catheter is positioned in the ascending aorta beyond the brachiocephalic vessels take off. The natural curve of the catheter usually makes it point cephalad spontaneously in most patients and as it is gently withdrawn it engages the aortic arch vessels without much manipulation. Clinical follow‐up with a neurological exam was performed at one month and six months. Results: A total of 52 patients were enrolled in this study. Baseline demographics and aortic arch types encountered are listed in Table I. The 3D RCA catheter readily engaged the brachiocephalic vessels in 50/52 patients (96.0 %) in our cohort of patients undergoing carotid angiography. Of the 52 patients, 43 subsequently underwent carotid stenting and shuttle sheath placement was facilitated by initial engagement of the relevant common carotid artery with the 3D RCA catheter. There was one transient neurologic complication that resolved by 5 days in a patient that underwent carotid stenting. Conclusions: The 3D RCA catheter can be used with a high success rate to engage the brachiocephalic vessels in all 3 arch types, including a bovine arch during carotid angiography and facilitates shuttle sheath placement for carotid stenting. It requires less manipulation and therefore may be a more operator friendly approach. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The PREHAMI (PREsillion™ in high‐risk acute myocardial infarction) registry
Authors: Sciahbasi Alessandro , Pendenza Gianluca , Romagnoli Enrico , Summaria Francesco , Patrizi Roberto , Lucci Valerio , Giannico Maria Benedetta , Penco Maria , Lioy Ernesto 
Published: September 2010

AbstractObjectives: To evaluate the efficacy of the new Cobalt–Chromium (Co‐Cr) Presillion™ stent for the treatment of high‐risk acute myocardial infarction (MI) patients. Background: Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with stent represents the gold standard treatment for acute MI. Methods and Results: We enrolled patients with high‐risk acute MI (either ST‐segment elevation MI or non‐ST‐segment elevation MI) treated with PCI using a new Co‐Cr bare metal stent with closed cells design and limited balloon compliance. We considered high‐risk features as one of the following: age ≥70 years, ejection fraction ≤35%, glomerular filtration rate ≤60 mL/min, diabetes mellitus, rescue PCI, or chronic atrial fibrillation or other conditions requiring long‐term oral anticoagulation therapy. Primary outcome of the study was rate of major adverse cardiac events (MACE) defined as all‐cause death, new MI, and target‐vessel revascularization. A total of 129 consecutive patients were enrolled (69 ± 11 years, 74% men): 71 (55%) patients with ST‐segment elevation MI and 58 (45%) patients with non‐ST‐segment elevation MI. A total of 153 vessels (169 lesions and 179 stents) were treated. The device success rate was high (98.8%). In‐hospital MACE rate was 5.4% mainly because of death associated with the acute MI. At 1‐year follow‐up, the MACE rate was 17.3%, with 11% all‐cause death (7.9% of cardiac origin), 0.6% of stent thrombosis, and 4.6% target‐vessel revascularization. Conclusions: The use of the Co‐Cr Presillion stent in patients with high‐risk acute MI treated invasively seems to be safe and efficacious with optimal deliverability and good long‐term outcomes and represents a good option in the treatment of these patients. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A Case of mistaken identity: Persistent sciatic artery stenosis as a cause of critical limb ischemia
Authors: Jones W. Schuyler , Patel Manesh R. , Mills James S. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractCritical limb ischemia (CLI) is the most severe manifestation of peripheral arterial disease (PAD) and is defined as leg pain that occurs at rest, tissue ulceration, or gangrene. Initial diagnostic testing is often focused on localizing the level or site of atherosclerotic narrowing and determining the severity of ischemia, usually with disease noted below the knee. This report highlights a case of CLI in a patient with an arterial stenosis in an anatomic variant, a persistent sciatic artery. As more endovascular procedures are being done by cardiologists, knowledge of aberrant anatomy is essential in the approach to diagnosis and treatment of patients with PAD. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Evolution of Platinum Particles Dispersed on Zeolite upon Oxidation Catalysis and Ageing
Authors: Rivallan Mickaël , Thomas Sébastien , Lepage Muriel , Takagi Nobuyuki , Hirata Hirohito , Thibault‐Starzyk Frédéric 
Published: September 2010

AbstractColloid impregnation and ion‐exchange methods for the preparation of platinum‐containing zeolites offer two distinct types of catalysts. The former leads to the stabilization of platinum nanoparticles on the outer surface of the zeolite, while the latter introduces Pt inside the micropores. The active sites are consequently confined in two different locations, as shown by two‐dimensional pressure jump of adsorbed species infrared (2D‐PJAS‐IR) spectroscopy, and the activity in CO oxidation is found to be lower when Pt is in the pores. After ageing in air, both catalysts undergo a partial oxidative redispersion and Pt atoms are then found both on the external surface and in the pores. The presence of electron‐deficient Pt species entrapped in the micropores is also evidenced by operando FTIR spectroscopy, through adsorbed dicarbonyl complexes, and chemometrics. Such particular species vanished at 475 K during the CO oxidation reaction and gave rise to metallic nanoparticles located in the pores.
Effect of Fluoride on the Photocatalytic Activity of Hollow TiO2 Microspheres prepared by Fluoride‐Mediated Self‐Transformation
Authors: Liu M. , Lv K. L. , Wang G. H. , Wang Z. Y. , Zhao Y. X. , Deng Y. R. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractPhotocatalytic activity of TiO2 is known to be enhanced by surface fluorination due to the enhanced production of free •OH radicals in solution. Recently, hollow TiO2 microspheres with enhanced photocatalytic activity was developed through fluoride‐mediated self‐transformation, in which the high photocatalytic activity in degradation of acetone was attributed to the fluoride‐induced enhanced crystallization of TiO2 without taking into account the effect of surface fluorination. This paper aims to re‐evaluate the effects of fluoride‐induced crystallization and surface fluorination on the photocatalytic activity of hollow TiO2 microspheres prepared by fluoride‐induced self‐transformation. Degradation of Brilliant Red X3B (X3B), an organic dye, was performed under different conditions to evaluate photocatalytic activity.
The Spermine–Bisaryl Conjugate as a Potent Inducer of B‐ to Z‐DNA Transition
Authors: Doi Issei , Tsuji Genichiro , Kawakami Kyoko , Nakagawa Osamu , Taniguchi Yosuke , Sasaki Shigeki 
Published: September 2010

AbstractDNA containing alternating purine and pyrimidine repeats has the potential to adopt the Z‐DNA structure, one of the well‐studied structures besides A‐ and B‐DNA. Despite a number of molecular models that have been proposed to explain the mechanism for B→Z transition, there is continued discussion on the mechanism and physiological role of this transition. In this study, we have found that the bis(2‐naphthyl)‐maleimide–spermine conjugate (3 c) exhibits a remarkable ability to cause the B→Z transition of d(CGCGCG)2at low salt concentrations. Using isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) we show that the B→Z transition induced by3 cis both enthalpically and entropically favorable. The ligand might effect the dehydration of B‐DNA, which leads to the B→Z transition. Interestingly, an intermediate CD between the B and Z forms was observed in the pH‐dependent transition in the presence of the ligand. The unique structure and characteristics of the ligand designed in this investigation will be useful for the study of Z‐DNA.
Quasi‐One‐Dimensional Electronic Systems Formed from Boron Dipyrromethene (BODIPY) Dyes
Authors: Ziessel Raymond , Rihn Sandra , Harriman Anthony 
Published: September 2010

AbstractSynthetic strategies have been devised that allow the rational design and isolation of highly coloured boron dipyrromethene (BODIPY) dyes that absorb across much of the visible region. Each dye has an aryl polycycle (usually pyrene or perylene) connected to the central BODIPY core through a conjugated tether at the 3,5‐positions. Both mono‐ and difunctionalised derivatives are accessible, in certain cases containing both pyrene and perylene residues. For all new compounds, the photophysical properties have been recorded in solution at ambient temperature and in a glassy matrix at 77 K. The presence of the aryl polycycle(s) affects the absorption and emission maxima of the BODIPY nucleus, thereby confirming that these units are coupled electronically. Indeed, the band maxima and oscillator strengths depend on the conjugation length of the entire molecule, whereas there is no sign of fluorescence from the polycycle. As a consequence, the radiative rate constant tends to increase with each added appendage. The nature of the linkage (styryl, ethenyl, or ethynyl) also exerts an effect on the photophysical properties and, in particular, the absorption spectrum is perturbed in the region of the aryl polycycle. The perylene‐containing BODIPY derivatives absorb over a wide spectral range and emit in the far‐red region in almost quantitative yield. A notable exception to this generic behaviour is provided by the anthracenyl derivative, which exhibits charge‐transfer absorption and emission spectra in weakly polar media at ambient temperature. Regular BODIPY‐like behaviour is restored in a glassy matrix at 77 K. Overall, these new dyes represent an important addition to the range of strongly absorbing and emitting reagents that could be used as solar concentrators.
Asymmetric Diels–Alder and Inverse‐Electron‐Demand Hetero‐Diels–Alder Reactions of β,γ‐Unsaturated α‐Ketoesters with Cyclopentadiene Catalyzed by N,N′‐Dioxide Copper(II) Complex
Authors: Zhu Yin , Chen Xiaohong , Xie Mingsheng , Dong Shunxi , Qiao Zhen , Lin Lili , Liu Xiaohua , Feng Xiaoming 
Published: September 2010

AbstractHighly enantioselective Diels–Alder (DA) and inverse‐electron‐demand hetero‐Diels–Alder (HDA) reactions of β,γ‐unsaturated α‐ketoesters with cyclopentadiene catalyzed by chiral N,N′‐dioxide–Cu(OTf)2 (Tf=triflate) complexes have been developed. Quantitative conversion of β,γ‐unsaturated α‐ketoesters and excellent diastereoselectivities (up to 99:1) and enantioselectivities (up to >99 % ee) were observed for a broad range of substrates. Both aromatic and aliphatic β,γ‐unsaturated α‐ketoesters were found to be suitable substrates for the reactions. Moreover, the chemoselectivity of the DA and HDA adducts were improved by regulating the reaction temperature. Good to high chemoselectivity (up to 94 %) of the DA adducts were obtained at room temperature, and moderate chemoselectivity (up to 65 %) of the HDA adducts were achieved at low temperature. The reaction also featured mild reaction conditions, a simple procedure, and remarkably low catalyst loading (0.1–1.5 mol %). A strong positive nonlinear effect was observed.
A Gram‐Scale Batch and Flow Total Synthesis of Perhydrohistrionicotoxin
Authors: Brasholz Malte , Macdonald James M. , Saubern Simon , Ryan John H. , Holmes Andrew B. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThe total synthesis of the spiropiperidine alkaloid (−)‐perhydrohistrionicotoxin (perhydro‐HTX)2has been accomplished on a gram scale by employing both conventional batch chemistry as well as microreactor techniques. (S)‐(−)‐6‐Pentyltetrahydro‐pyran‐2‐one8underwent nucleophilic ring opening to afford the alcohol10, which was elaborated to the nitrone13. Protection of the nitrone as the 1,3‐adduct of styrene and side‐chain extension to the unsaturated nitrile afforded a precursor17, which underwent dipolar cycloreversion and 1,3‐dipolar cycloaddition to give the core spirocyclic precursor18that was converted into perhydro‐HTX2. The principal steps to the spirocycle18have successfully been transferred into flow mode by using different types of microreactors and in a telescoped fashion, allowing for a more rapid access to the histrionicotoxins and their analogues by continuous processing.
ChemInform Abstract: Molecular Structures of Gaseous Dichloro‐ and Dibromo(dioxo)molybdenum( VI). Are the Mo=O Bond Distances and the O=Mo=O Bond Angles Similar?
Authors: THOMASSEN H. , HEDBERG K. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Studies of the Structure of Silver Metal Liquidlike Films by UV‐VIS Reflectance Spectroscopy.
Authors: FARBMAN I. , EFRIMA S. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.