bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: Ambident Reactivity of Substituted Phosphorylmethylenetriphenylphosphoranes.
Authors: BYKHOVSKAYA O. V. , ALADZHEVA I. M. , PETROVSKII P. V. , ANTIPIN M. YU. , STRUCHKOV YU. T. , MASTRYUKOVA T. A. , KABACHNIK M. I. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Ru(bpy)2+ 3‐Mediated Addition of Se‐Phenyl p‐Tolueneselenosulfonate to Electron‐Rich Olefins.
Authors: BARTON D. H. R. , CSIBA M. A. , JASZBERENYI J. CS. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Characterization of Se‐Organoarsanyl Selenocarboxylates.
Authors: KANDA T. , MIZOGUCI K. , KOIKE T. , MURAI T. , KATO S. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of (1,5‐Diazabicyclo(4.3.0)nonan‐2‐ylidene) pentacarbonylchromium and ‐tungsten Using Reaction of 2‐Unsaturated Carbene Complexes with 6‐Membered Hydrazine.
Authors: IYODA M. , ZHAO L. , MATSUYAMA H. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: N‐(tert‐Butoxycarbonyloxy)‐5‐norbornene‐endo‐2,3‐dicarboximide, a Reagent for the Regioselective Introduction of the tert‐Butoxycarbonyl (BOC) Protective Group at Unhindered Amines: Application to Aminoglycoside Chemistry.
Authors: GRAPSAS I. , CHO Y. J. , MOBASHERY S. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: A Convenient Approach to the Synthesis of Benzo(c)phenanthridines via Intramolecular Cyclization of Enamides.
Authors: SOTOMAYOR N. , DOMINGUEZ E. , LETE E. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of (.+‐.)‐8‐Oxotetrahydropalmatine and (.+‐.)‐Gusanlung B.
Authors: NIMGIRAWATH S. , PONGHUSABUN O. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Cycloadditions of Cephalosporins. The Formation (4 + 2) Adducts with 5‐ Membered Heterocycles.
Authors: ELLIOTT R. L. , NICHOLSON N. H. , PEAKER F. E. , TAKLE A. K. , TYLER J. W. , WHITE J. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Forty Years of Ferrocene
Authors: DUNITZ J. D. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Luminescent Donor‐Acceptor Platinum(II) Complexes.
Authors: CHAN C.‐W. , CHENG L.‐K. , CHE C.‐M. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: 1,3,2‐Benzoxazaphospholines. Synthesis and Properties
Authors: PUDOVIK M. A. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Photochemical Reactions of Dioxygen Containing Metalloporphyrins.
Authors: HOSHINO M. , YAMAMOTO K. , LILLIS J. P. , CHIJIMATSU T. , UZAWA J. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: A Structural Variant of the NaErCl4/α‐NiWO4 Type for Ternary Rare‐Earth Halides NaLnCl4: Synthesis and Crystal Structure of NaLuCl4.
Authors: WICKLEDER M. S. , GUEDEL H. U. , ARMBRUSTER T. , MEYER G. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: The Prismatic Te2+ 6 Ion in the Structure of Te6(NbOCl4)2.
Authors: BECK J. , BOCK G. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Collision‐Induced Dissociation of Mass‐Selected Ethylene Cluster Ions ( n = 2‐9)
Authors: LYKTEY M. Y. M. , RYCROFT T. , GARVEY J. F. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Oxidation of Arylamidoximes by Hydrogen Peroxide and Horseradish Peroxidase in Water: Easy Preparation and X‐Ray Structure of 0‐( Arylimidoyl)arylamidoximes.
Authors: BOUCHER J.‐L. , VADON S. , TOMAS A. , VIOSSAT B. , MANSUY D. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Protonation of Some Substituted Phenylthiophen‐2‐ylmethanones in Sulfuric Acid.
Authors: NOTO R. , GRUTTADAURIA M. , ROSSELLI S. , SPINELLI D. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Oxidation of α,β‐Enones and Alkenes with Oxone and Sodium Halides: A Convenient Laboratory Preparation of Chlorine and Bromine.
Authors: DIETER R. K. , NICE L. E. , VELU S. E. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium Catalyzed γ‐Addition of Pronucleophiles to Allenyl Sulfides.
Authors: YAMAMOTO Y. , AL‐MASUM M. , TAKEDA A. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Oxidative Fragmentations of Selected 1‐Alkenyl Sulfoxides. Chemical and Spectroscopic Evidence for 1‐Alkenesulfinyl Chlorides.
Authors: SCHWAN A. L. , KALIN M. L. , VAJDA K. E. , XIANG T.‐J. , BRILLON D. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Syntheses of New Isocephems and Isodethiaoxacephems as Antimicrobial Agents.
Authors: HAKIMELAHI G. H. , TSAY S.‐C. , RAMEZANI Z. , HWU J. R. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: The (4 + 4) Cycloaddition and Its Strategic Application in Natural Product Synthesis
Authors: SIEBURTH S. MCN. , CUNARD N. T. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Effect of bismuth species on propylene aromatization over BiHZSM‐5 catalysts
Authors: Miao Cheng‐Ming , Wu Chuan‐Chang , Feng Lin 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThe catalytic behavior of Bi‐impregnated HZSM‐5 zeolites in propylene aromatization and the surface properties of the zeolites were determined by microreactor, XRD, XPS, NH3‐TPD and IR‐TPD. The mechanism of the reaction and the effect of surface properties of the zeolites on the reaction were also investigated. Experimental data showed that Bi‐impregnation made the strength of B‐acid sites decrease, the strength of L‐acid sites and the concentration of both strong B‐acid sites and strong L‐acid sites increase. Bi‐impregnation also induced sub‐strong acid sites. These were the factors that made the aromatic products of the reaction increase. The strong interaction between the impregnant and zeolite surface reached maximum at Bi2O3 = 3.5 wt%. Above this value, covering effect of impregnant caused a decrease of aromatic products.
Theoretical study on tetranuclear boron clusters: B4X4 (X = H, F, Cl, Br, I)
Authors: Lin Chen‐Sheng Li , Liu Chun‐Wan Jun 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThe molecular orbitals for B4H4, B4F4, B4Cl4, B4Br4 and B4I4 have been calculated by using all‐electron or effective core potential ab initio method at the self‐consistent field level using basis sets with diffuse and polarization functions. The boron—boron and boron—halide (—hydrogen) distances of these cage compounds are optimized with three kinds of basis sets constrained to a tetrahedral symmetry. According to the localization scheme of Boys, four three‐centered two‐electron (3c2e) B—B—B bonds localized on each of the faces of the B4 tetrahedron are derived for B4X4 clusters. The HOMO‐LUMO energy gaps, atomization energies and Mulliken overlap populations of these compounds indicate that the stabilities of the clusters decrease in the sequence of B4F4 > B4Cl4, B4H4 > B4Br4 > B4I4.
Synthesis and magnetic properties of μ‐phenolato copper (II) binuclear complexes with different exogenous bridges
Authors: Cheng Peng Yan , Liao Shi‐Ping , Bai Dai‐Zheng , Jiang Ling‐Jim , Wang Zong‐Hui , Geng‐Lin  
Published: September 2010

AbstractThe syntheses and magnetic properties are reported for a series of copper(II) complexes prepared from a pentadentate binucleating ligand 2,6‐diformyl‐4‐methylphenol di(benzoylhydrazone) (H3L). These complexes incorporate different exogenous ions (X−) into a bridging position to form copper(II) binuclear complexes of the formula [Cu2(H2L)X]2+, where X− = Br−(1), Cl−(2), HO−(3), C2H5O−(4) and C3H3N−2(5). The complexes have been characterized with variable temperature magnetic susceptibility (4.2–300 K) and the observed data were fit to those from a modified Bleaney‐Bowen equation by least‐squares method, giving the exchange integral 2J = ‐6.2 cm−1 for 1, ‐76.4 cm−1 for 2, ‐241.9 cm−1 for 3, ‐231.1 cm−1 for 4 and ‐343.8 cm−1 for 5. This suggested that there is an antiferromagnetic interaction between the Cu(II) ions and the sequence of the effect of some exogenous bridging Uganda on magnetic coupling is corresponding to that in spectrochemical series.
The synthesis and crystal structure of metal complexes S‐alkyl‐N‐(ferrocenyl‐1‐methylmethylidene)‐dithiocarbazate and the study on their quenching the luminescence of ruthenium(bipyridine)23+
Authors: Duan Chun‐Ying , Xia Xu‐Bing , Zhu Long‐Gen , You Xiao‐Zeng , Yang Yao , Wang Hua‐Qin 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThe cobalt, nickel, copper, zinc and cadmium complexes of S‐methyl‐N‐(ferrocenyl‐1‐methyl‐methylidene)‐dithiocarbazate (H‐LSM) and S‐benzyl‐N‐(ferrocenyl‐1‐methyl‐methylidene)‐dithiocarbazate (H‐LSB) were synthesized and the crystal structure of Cd[Fe‐C(CH3) = NNCSS‐(CH3)]2 was solved by X‐ray diffraction. The crystal is in the orthorhombic system with space group Pbca, cell parameters a=19.741(3), b=19.924(5), c=15.452(4) Å, and the final factors of R=0.032. The study on quenching the luminescence of Ru(bpy)2+3 by those complexes showed that bimolecular quenching constants obtained from the Stern‐Volmer constant and the excited‐state lifetime were related to the redox potential of the quencher. Linear relationship is shown in the plot of logkq vs. E1/2(Q+/Q). The main factor which influences the quenching rate constant and the redox potential is the coordinating ability of the metal in the complex.
Properties of lysine‐containing zinc amino acid mixed complexes and evaluation of their zinc supplying ability
Authors: Huang Zhong‐Xian , Cheng Chang , Dai Xiao‐Yin , Wang Yun‐Hua , Liu Yu‐Liang 
Published: September 2010

AbstractZinc deficiency is one of the serious problems of trace element nutrition in the world, which causes a series of pathologic effects. Based on the principles of bioinorganic chemistry, the ternary complexes of Zn‐lysine‐histidine were studied as a substitution of zinc sulfate for zinc supplementation. It has also been proved by animal trail.
Intramolecular O→Sn coordination in (Z)‐1‐(triphenylstannyl)‐3‐phenyl‐1‐buten‐3‐ol: Evidence by X‐ray diffracation analysis and bromination
Authors: Fu Fang‐Xin , Fu Yu‐Jie , Zhu Dong‐Sheng , Fang Qun‐Xin , Pan Hua‐De , Lin Yong‐Hua , Jin Song‐Chun 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThe synthesis and properties of (Z)‐1‐(triphenylstannyl)‐3‐phenyl‐1‐buten‐3‐ol (1) are described. Compound 1 crystallizes from alcohol in the monoclinic space group P21/c with unit‐cell dimensions a=9.296(2), b=14.081(3), c=18.390(5) Å, β=97.70(2), V=2385.5(1) Å3, Z=4, F(000)=1008, Dc=1.38 g.cm−3, μ=10.88 cm−1, final R=0.0359 for 3079 observed reflection [I > 3σ(I)]. The X‐ray diffraction analysis of this compound shows the presence of an intramolecular coordination to the tin atom giving rise to a five‐membered ring in which the metal exhibits a distroted trignoal bipyramidal geometry; as a consequence, a phenyl group, probably the apical one, is cleaved more easily by bromine than the vinyl substituent.
Localized molecular orbital studies on B4Cl4, 1,5‐C2B3H5 and BH2‐(n = 6–10, 12)
Authors: Chen Zhi‐Da , Liu Chun‐Wan , Lu Jia‐Xi 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThe wave functions, level energies and Mülliken population analysis of localized molecular orbitals (LMO's) for B4Cl4, 1,5‐C2B3H5 and the closo‐BnH2‐n (n = 6–10, 12) are calculated by using the Edmiston‐Reudenberg energy localisation scheme under the CNDO/2 approximation in order to reveal the nature of quasi‐aromaticity of the closo‐BnH2‐n (n > 5). It has been found that all the B‐H or B‐Cl LMO's are highly localised between the B and H (or Cl) atoms, corresponding to B—H or B—Cl σ‐bond, while the Bn framework bonding is formed mainly by the three‐centered two‐electron B‐B‐B bonds on the polyhedral faces. In the cases of B4Cl4 and 1,5‐C2B3H5, these three‐centered B‐B‐B bonds just fill their polyhedral faces; however, for the framework bonding of the closo‐BnKn2‐ (n > 5), the valence electron deficiency leads to the delocalisation of their three‐centered B‐B‐B bonds, and as delocalisability of this three‐centered B‐B‐B bond increases, some three‐centered B‐B‐B bonds are farther delocalized to become a four‐centered B‐B‐B‐B bond. It is important that for the closo‐BnHn2‐ (n > 5), the sequence of this delocalisability of the three‐centered B—B—B bond is consistent with the degree of quasiaromaticity of the closo‐boranes.
Influence of vanadium doping on the behavior of YBa2Cu3O7‐y
Authors: Meng Jian , Ren Yu‐Fang , Li Xiao‐Guang , Popov V. V. , Repin S. M. , Smirnov I. A. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractYBa3Cu3‐xVxO7‐y(x=0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.S and 0.6) superconductors have been prepared. X‐ray diffraction shows that the system remains orthorhombic for all compositions studied, but for x > 0.4 V2O5 was detected at an impurity phase. Substitution of V5+ for Cu2+ occurs in the Cu(2) sites on the Cu(2)—O planes. The introduction of the high valence element, vanadium, produces the extra free‐electrons. These electrons recombine with the positive carrier of the system. It makes depression of the mobility and the Hall number of =YBa2 Cu3‐xVO7‐y and also results in a depression of TC.
Synthesis and characterization of a new Mo‐Fe‐S cluster compound containing MoO3S3unit and mixed‐valent Mo atoms [Et4N]2[Mo2Fe(CO)4(S,O‐C6H4‐1,2)3Cl2]
Authors: Zhuang Bo‐Tao , Lan An‐Jian , He Ling‐Jie , Huang Liang‐Ren 
Published: September 2010

AbstractReaction of [Mo3(CO)7(S,O‐C6H4‐1,2)3]2‐ with FeCl2in MeCN at 60°C affords a new Mo‐Fe‐S cluster complex containing MoO3S3unit and mixed‐valent Mo atoms, [Et4N]2[Mo2Fe(CO)4(O,S‐C6H4‐1,2)3Cl2] (1). 1 is characterized by elemental analysis, IR, Mössbauer spectra, X‐ray photoelectron spectra and mass spectra. And the structure of 1 is suggested as the structure which contains a [Mo(S,O‐C6H4‐1,2)3] unit of which the two of three sulfur atoms link to a Mo(CO)4‐moiety and the three oxygen atoms are coordinated to a FeCl2ligand.
Synthesis and X‐ray crystal structure of oxamido‐bridged heterobinuclear Ni(II)‐Cu(II) complexes
Authors: Wei Ping‐Rong , Jia Lu , Liu Chang‐Rang , Fan Yao‐Ting , Gao Song 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThe two complexes [Ni(oxen)Cu(L)2](ClO4)2·H2O (L=2,2'‐bipyridyl(bpy), 1,10‐phenanthroline(phen)) have been synthesized, where oxen is N,N'‐bis(2‐aminoethyl)oxamido dianion. The crystal structure of [Ni(oxen)Cu(bpy)2](ClO4)2°CH3OH has been determined by X‐ray diffraction method. The crystal is triclinic system, space group P with a=12.179(l), b=12.298(2), c=11.476(2) Å, a=97.57(l), β=97.52(1), γ=80.29(2)°, V=1669.04(67) Å3, Z=2, D=1.667 g/cm3. The structure has been refined to final R of 0.076 and Rw of 0.080, respectively. The complexes have an extended oxamido‐bridged structure and consist of Ni(II) ion in a square planar environment and Cu(II) ion in a distorted octahedral environment.
Determination of the apparent standard potential of the Dy/Dy(III) system in the LiCl‐KCl eutectic
Authors: Chang Kai‐Guo , Lu Xiang‐Ping , Du Fu‐Ying , Zhao Min‐Shou 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThe apparent standard potential of Dy/Dy(III) system in the LiCl‐KCl eutectic has been determined by the logarithmic analysis of the semi‐integrals of voltammograms, logarithmic analysis of chronopotentiograms and the open circuit potentiometry. The dysprosium equilibrium potentials for various concentration of dysprosium chloride in the LiCl‐KCl eutectic melt between 400–500°C were first determined experimentally, and the apparent standard potential of this system and its temperature dependance have been calculated.
The reaction of perhalofluoroalkanes with sodium hydrogen sulfite or sodium dithionite in the presence of triethylamine
Authors: Huang Wei‐Yuan , Liu Jin‐Tao , Xie Yin‐Bao , He Xian‐Qi 
Published: September 2010

AbstractHydrodehalogenation or hydrosulfonate‐dehalogenation products, hydrohalofluorocarbons or 2‐hydropolyhalofluoroalkanesulfonates, were formed respectively from the title reaction under mild condition in good yield.
Thermocontrolling ion permeation through binary component membrane composed of crown ether liquid crystal/PVC
Authors: Qin Jun , Xie Ming‐Gui , Jiang Qing , Zhao Hua‐Ming , Liu Sheng‐Chong , Tao Chang‐Yuan 
Published: September 2010

AbstractIn view of the nature of orderness in structure and the mesomorphism in property of liquid crystal, the function of which is further exploited by integrating it with the feature of crown ether. The monoarmed crown ether liquid crystals are successfully applied to the imitation of biomembrane transport. Binary component membrane composed of crown ether liquid crystal and PVC was first developed. Such a novel model of biomimetic membrane is capable of imitating ingeniously the thermocontrolling transport of biomembrane, thus the essential function of liquid crystal in membane transport is more fully exploited. It was suggested, consequently, that the molecules of the crown ether liquid crystal could assemble themselves to form ionic channels, as they exist in mesophase.Of still more significance is that the thermocontrolling transport of ions through the membrane is found to be operative selectively and the permeation of ion is under the direct influence of the thermal turmoil of the crown ether liquid crystal molecules as substantiated by the values of Arrhenius thermodynamic parameters, activation energy, Ea, and logarithmic Arrhenius constant, log A, in ion transport. Based on the aforementioned it is suggested that diffusion of ions is a rate determing step and change of rate of ion transport is varied in different phase. Influence of magnetic field on transport rate is investigated. On basis of above experimental findings, a dynamical equation of ion transportation is established which is applicable for the membrane system in general on one hands and expound the ion transport mechanism through the membrane on the other.