bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment of climate change impact on wheat water demand and yield in Setif, Algeria
Authors: Bouregaa Tarek , Chetioui Chaima 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Understanding the potential impacts of climate change on crop water demand and yield is crucial for developing effective adaptation strategies and ensuring food security. This study investigates the impacts of climate change on wheat water demand, irrigation requirements, and yield in the semi-arid Setif region of Algeria. Utilizing observed climate data (1995–2014) and the CROPWAT model, a baseline for wheat water use and potential yield reduction was established. Future projections were developed using an ensemble of 11 CMIP6 global climate models under four Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSP2-1.6, SSP2-4.5, SSP3-7.0, and SSP5-8.5) across four time horizons (2030, 2050, 2070, and 2090). Results indicate a consistent increase in crop water requirement (CWR) across all scenarios and time horizons, primarily driven by rising temperatures. Irrigation water requirements (IWR) exhibit a more complex pattern, with increasing needs during critical growth stages, especially under high-emission scenarios. Yield reductions are projected to be highly dependent on soil type, with light soils experiencing significant losses exceeding 50% by 2090 under SSP3-7.0 and SSP5-8.5. The study highlights the increasing vulnerability of wheat production to water stress and the need for proactive adaptation measures, such as drought-tolerant cultivars, efficient irrigation technologies, and sustainable water management policies.
The UTHealth Houston Adult Cardiovascular Genomics Certificate Program: Efficacy and Impact on Healthcare Professionals
Authors: Garner Melyssa , Rajani Bansari , Vaidya Priyanka , Dayeh Samer Abu , Cecchi Alana C. , Miyake Christina C. , Huff Vicki , Wanat Matthew , Wang Elisabeth , Kurzlechner Leonie M. , Landstrom Andrew P. , An Daniel , Liang Yafen , Moulik Mousumi , Wong Timothy C. , Cunha Shane R. , Cannon Ashley , Holt R. Lynn , Milewicz Dianna M. , Prakash Siddharth K. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background
The demand for genetic services has outpaced the availability of resources, challenging clinicians untrained in genetic integration into clinical decision-making. The UTHealth Adult Cardiovascular Genomics Certificate (CGC) program trains non-genetic healthcare professionals to recognize, assess, and refer patients with heritable cardiovascular diseases. This asynchronous online course includes 24 modules in three tiers of increasing complexity, using realistic clinical scenarios, interactive dialogues, quizzes, and tests to reinforce learning. We hypothesized that the CGC will increase genomic competencies in this underserved audience and encourage applying genomic concepts in clinical practice.
Methods
Required course evaluations include pre- and post- assessments, knowledge checks in each module, and surveys for module-specific feedback. After 6 months, longitudinal feedback surveys gathered data on the long-term impact of the course on clinical practice and conducted focused interviews with learners.
Results
The CGC was accredited in September 2022. Principal learners were nurses (24%), nurse practitioners (21%), physicians (16%), and physician assistants. Scores of 283 learners in paired pre- and post-assessments increased specific skills related to recognizing heritable diseases, understanding inheritance patterns, and interpreting genetic tests. Interviews highlighted the CGC's modular structure and linked resources as key strengths. Learners endorsed confidence to use genetic information in clinical practice, such as discussing genetic concepts and risks with patients and referring patients for genetic testing. Learners were highly likely to recommend the CGC to colleagues, citing its role in enhancing heritable disease awareness.
Conclusions
The CGC program effectively empowers non-genetic clinicians to master genomic competencies, fostering collaboration to prevent deaths from heritable cardiovascular diseases, and potentially transforming healthcare education and clinical practice.
Study on slope collapse instability mechanism of Jurassic soft and hard alternate strata in Three Gorges Reservoir Area
Authors: PENG Zhuorui , ZUO Qingjun , TONG Quan , XU Ziyi , YI Qinglin 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

The Three Gorges Reservoir area features widespread, thick, and well-developed Jurassic soft and hard strata, leading to complex deformation, failure modes, and instability mechanisms on slopes. This can result in collapse disasters. Focusing on the Zigui Basin in the Three Gorges Reservoir area, our study investigated the topographic and geomorphological characteristics of both artificial and natural slopes, the thickness of soft and hard phases, crack expansion, and established a geomechanical model for slope collapse in the Jurassic formations. Utilizing UDEC7.0 software, we conducted numerical tests to analyze the impact of various factors such as slope angle, rock formation inclination angle, slope height, ratio of hard and soft rock thickness, structural surface strength, and mechanical parameters of rock formations on slope stability. Through numerical simulations based on the geomechanical model, we examined the mechanisms of slope collapse and instability in the Jurassic strata, ultimately developing a model for slope deformation and failure. The research findings indicate that geomechanical modes of slope failure in soft and hard strata can be categorized into three types: push collapse, slip collapse, and toppling collapse. Upon analysis, it is observed that model No. 1 demonstrates push collapse, while model No. 6 experiences slip collapse. Model No. 19 ultimately succumbs to toppling collapse. The inclination angle \(\beta\) of the rock layer significantly influences the instability and failure mechanism of slopes in soft and hard strata. Specifically, when the slope aligns with the direction of the slope and \(\beta\)<\(\alpha\), failure occurs initially through layer creep followed by shear slip. Conversely, when \(\beta\)>\(\alpha\), the upper rock mass experiences layer slip while the lower rock mass undergoes buckling deformation. In the case of the slope facing in the opposite direction, a small \(\beta\) results in toppling deformation, whereas a large \(\beta\) leads to local collapse at the slope's peak. Different failure modes exhibit distinct crack development patterns. Under the influence of gravity load, push collapse progresses from internal micro cracks to the downward pushing and destruction of the rock layer. Slip collapse is characterized by cracks initiating at the front edge and extending to form a “z”-shaped penetration. Toppling collapse involves the appearance of local micro-cracks at the slope's upper portion, gradually propagating along the slope surface from top to bottom. The process of different failure modes can be divided into three stages: an initial creep stage before approximately 21g, a steady-state deformation stage between 21g and 40g, and an instability collapse stage after around 40g.
The surgical technique and clinical efficacy of orthopedic surgical robot assisted "four-guide pin" cannulated screws internal fixation in the treatment of calcaneal fractures
Authors: Li Lugen , Hu Zhengbo , Wu Qiang , Lu Chaolong , Wei Xiao , Lan Wenxin , Wu Penghuan 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Purpose We aimed to explore the surgical techniques employed in robot-assisted "Four-guide pin" cannulated screw internal fixation for calcaneal fractures and to evaluate its clinical efficacy compared to traditional surgical treatments.
Methods Retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 57 patients with calcaneal fractures treated from January 2021 to December 2023. The patients were divided into three groups: group A (25 patients, 26 feet) underwent traditional open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF), group B (18 patients, 19 feet) received free-hand cannulated screw fixation, and group C (14 patients, 17 feet) was treated with robot-assisted "four-guide pin" surgery. The general information and clinical parameters of the three groups were statistically analyzed.
Results Patients in three groups were followed up for 6-24 months, and bone union was achieved in all cases. There were no statistically significant differences in the general information among the three groups. However, there were significant differences in preoperative waiting time, unilateral operation time, intraoperative blood loss, length of stay after the operation, bone graft rate, postoperative antibiotic use rate, fixation rate of the sustentaculum tali, rate of postoperative complications, and American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society scores (AOFAS) across the three groups, complications related to the operation occurred in group A and B but were resolved after symptomatic treatment.
Conclusion Compared to ORIF, free-hand cannulated screw internal fixation demonstrates superior clinical advantages in the treatment of calcaneal fractures. The robot-assisted "four-guide pin" technology enhances the accuracy, compensates for inherent limitations, reduce the use rate of antibiotics and expedites patient recovery.
High Prevalence of multidrug resistant common foodborne bacteria in raw beef and ready-to-eat samples from Dhaka City Corporations, Bangladesh
Authors: Fahim Fahmida Jahan , Muchemi Julius , Chowdhury Kulsum , Rana Sohel , Das Rimi , Zinnah Kazi , Uddin Md Nazim , Khatun Amina , Rahman Md Mahfujur , Noor Monira , Rahman Md Tanvir , Hossain Ferdaus Mohd Altaf 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Food safety in red meat value chain is a critical concern globally, with implications for both public health and economic stability. In the context of Bangladesh, a country with a burgeoning population and a significant reliance on red meat consumption, understanding the complexities of zoonosis, identifying the associated microbes, and addressing the AMR risk is paramount. This study investigates the prevalence of common foodborne pathogens and their multidrug resistance (MDR) patterns in raw beef and ready-to-eat (RTE) samples from Dhaka City Corporations, Bangladesh. Bacterial isolates from 60 raw beef and 60 RTE samples were identified using culturing and PCR-based molecular detection methods. The prevalence rates of E. coli, Salmonella spp., Shigella spp., S. aureus, Listeria spp., and Campylobacter spp. were determined, along with their antibiotic susceptibility profiles following CLSI guidelines. The study revealed that in raw beef samples, the prevalence of E. coli, Salmonella spp., Shigella spp., S. aureus, Listeria spp., and Campylobacter spp. were 25%, 46.67%, 66.67%, 96.67%, 66.67%, and 40%, respectively. In RTE samples, the occurrence rates were 30%, 3.33%, 15%, 25%, 21.67%, and 23.33%, respectively. Total viable and individual counts exceeded Bangladesh Food Safety Authority standards. Most isolates exhibited MDR, underlining the need for enhanced hygiene during beef processing and RTE preparation. The study addresses a knowledge gap, highlighting the public health risks linked with foodborne pathogens and the emergence of MDR. This research contributes to better food safety measures and awareness, safeguarding public health in urban settings like Dhaka, Bangladesh.
Water at electrode-electrolyte interfaces: combining HOD vibrational spectra with ab initio-molecular dynamics simulations
Authors: Cuesta Angel , Gunasekaran Pavithra , Du Xianglong , Burley Andrew , Le Jia-Bo , Cheng Jun 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

We have undertaken a vibrational study of the structure of interfacial water and its potential dependence using H2O:D2O mixtures to explore the O-H and O-D stretching modes of HOD as well as the bending modes of HOD and H2O. Due to the symmetry reduction, some of the complexity characteristic of the vibrational spectrum of water is removed in HOD. Coupled with potential-dependent ab-initio simulations of the gold-water interface, this has enabled a deeper insight into the hydrogen-bond network of interfacial water and into how it is affected by the applied potential. Possibly the most important conclusions of our work are (i) the absence of any ice-like first layer of interfacial water at any potential and (ii) that interfacial water reorients around a stable backbone of hydrogen bonds roughly parallel to the electrode surface. At E > pzc, interfacial water molecules are oriented with the oxygen lone pairs towards the surface and forming exclusively or nearly exclusively hydrogen-donating hydrogen bonds with other water molecules. At E < pzc, the oxygen lone pairs point away from the surface instead, but the population of hydrogen-donating water molecules does not vanish. In fact, the population of hydrogen-accepting water molecules only dominates at considerably negative charge densities, due to the weak interaction of the hydrogen atoms of interfacial water molecules with the Au surface.
Treatment with lipoxin A 4 improves influenza A infection outcome through macrophage reprogramming, anti-inflammatory and pro-resolutive responses
Authors: Rago Flavia , Melo Eliza Mathias , Miller Leigh M. , Duray Alexis M. , Felix Franciel Batista , Vago Juliana Priscila , Gonçalves Ana Paula Faria , Angelo Ana Luiza Pessoa Mendonça , Cassali Giovanni D. , Gaetano Monica , Brennan Eoin , Owen Benjamin , Guiry Patrick , Godson Catherine , Alcorn John F. , Teixeira Mauro Martins 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Objective and design:
Here, we evaluated whether a synthetic lipoxin mimetic, designated AT-01-KG, would improve the course of influenza A infection in a murine model.
Treatment:
Mice were infected with influenza A/H1N1 and treated with AT-01-KG (1.7 mg/kg/day, i.p.) at day 3 post-infection.
Methods
Mortality rate was assessed up to day 21 and inflammatory parameters were assessed at days 5 and 7.
Results
AT-01-KG attenuated mortality, reducing leukocyte infiltration and lung damage at day 5 and day 7 post-infection. AT-01-KG is a Formyl Peptide Receptor 2 (designated FPR2/3 in mice) agonist, and the protective responses were not observed in FPR2/3 −/− animals. In mice treated with LXA4 (50mg/kg/day, i.p., days 3–6 post-infection), at day 7, macrophage reprogramming was observed, as seen by a decrease in classically activated macrophages and an increase in alternatively activated macrophages in the lungs. Furthermore, the number of apoptotic cells and cells undergoing efferocytosis was increased in the lavage of treated mice. Treatment also modulated the adaptive immune response, increasing the number of anti-inflammatory T cells (Th2) and regulatory T (Tregs) cells in the lungs of the treated mice.
Conclusions
Therefore, treatment with a lipoxin A4 analog was beneficial in a model of influenza A infection in mice. The drug decreased inflammation and promoted resolution and beneficial immune responses, suggesting it may be useful in patients with severe influenza.
Robust mosquito species identification from diverse body and wing images using deep learning
Authors: Nolte Kristopher , Sauer Felix Gregor , Baumbach Jan , Kollmannsberger Philip , Lins Christian , Lühken Renke 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Mosquito-borne diseases are a major global health threat. Traditional morphological or molecular methods for identifying mosquito species often require specialized expertise or expensive laboratory equipment. The use of Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) to identify mosquito species based on images may offer a promising alternative, but their practical implementation often remains limited. This study explores the applicability of CNNs in classifying mosquito species. It compares the efficacy of body and wing depictions across three image collection methods: a smartphone, macro-lens attached to a smartphone and a professional stereomicroscope. The study included 796 specimens of four morphologically similar Aedes species, Aedes aegypti, Ae. albopictus,Ae. koreicus, and Ae. japonicus japonicus. The findings of this study indicate that CNN models demonstrate superior performance in wing-based classification 87.6% (CI95%: 84.2 - 91.0) compared to body-based classification 78.9% (CI95%: 77.7 - 80.0). Nevertheless, there are notable limitations of CNNs as they perform reliably across multiple devices only when trained specifically on those devices, resulting in an average decline of mean accuracy by 14%, even with extensive image augmentation. Additionally, we also estimate the required training data volume for effective classification, noting a reduced requirement for wing-based classification in comparison to body-based methods. Our study underscores the viability of both body and wing classification methods for mosquito species identification while emphasizing the need to address practical constraints in developing accessible classification systems.
Delineation of crustal structure in the part of Sonakhan Greenstone Belt in Bastar Craton, Mahasamund district, Chhattisgarh, India using integrated of geophysical methods for mineral investigation
Authors: Kumar Rajan , Singh Om Praksah 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

The study of the regional gravity & magnetic surveys and detailed geology are identified Barnidadar block of Sonakhan Greenstone Belt in Bastar Craton, Mahasamund District, Chhattisgarh, India. The integrated of magnetic and electrical geophysical methods (Resistivity, Induced Polarization (IP) and Self-Potential) are subjected to Barnidadar block for identification of subsurface geological structures such as faults, fractures, shear zones and lithio-contacts which is most important for mineral exploration/ proposing borehole location/ depth to be drilled to intersect mineralization zones. The magnetic (T.F.) values ranged from -322.0 to -59.0 nT in the study area. The magnetic (T.F) anomaly map is brought out contact/shear zones in NW-SE direction by showing linear bipolar anomaly closures. The moderate chargeability anomalies are corroborated with moderate to high resistivity anomalies along contact/shear zone. Moderate low SP values are traced coinciding with moderate chargeability anomaly zone which is significant due to its consistent chargeability values and reasonably good correlation with SP and magnetic anomalies. In IP/Resistivity (Dipole-Dipole) map, a high chargeability zone is identified between stations 340 to 400 which may be proposed for borehole location/ depth to be drilled to intersect mineralization zones.
Causal Relationship Between Gut Microbiota and Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome: A Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Study
Authors: Wang Zhiwei , Meng Shuqi , Fan Yan , Zhao Lina , Cui Yan , Xie Ke-liang 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background
Emerging evidence suggests that changes in the composition of the gut microbiota may not only be a consequence of AIDS but may also influence the risk of disease. However, it is not clear that these associations point to the certainty of causality.
Objective
To reveal the causal relationship between gut microbiota and AIDS, we performed a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis.
Materials And Methods
We evaluated summary statistics of gut microbiota and HIV infection disease from published genome-wide association studies (GWAS). A two-sample MR analysis was performed to identify HIV-causing bacterial taxa in the samples based on inverse variance weighting (ivw) results. Sensitivity analyses were performed to verify the stability of the results. Finally, an inverse MR analysis was performed to assess the possibility of reverse causality.
Results
Combining the results of MR analysis and sensitivity analysis, we identified eight pathogenic bacterial genera: Subdoligaranulum (OR = 4.012,95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.783–9.027, P = 7.90E-04), Victivallis(OR = 1.605,95% CI = 1.012–2.547, P = 4.40E-02), and Ruminococcaceae_UCG-005 (OR = 2.051, 95% CI = 1.048–4.011, P = 3.60E-02) increased the risk of HIV infection. In contrast, genetically predicted Eggerthella (OR = 0.477, 95%CI = 0.283–0.805, P = 5.50E-03), Anaerotruncus (OR = 0.434, 95% CI = 0.197–0.954,P = 3.8E-02), Methanobrevibacter (OR = 0. 509 ; 95% CI = 0. 265 − 0.980; P = 4.30E-02), Clostridiumsensustricto1 (OR = 0.424, 95% CI = 0.182–0.988, P = 4.70E-02) and Coprococcus2 (OR = 0.377, 95% CI = 0.159–0.894, P = 2.70E-02) reduced the risk of HIV infection. Further sensitivity analyses verified the robustness of the above associations. Reverse MR analysis showed no evidence of reverse causality between HIV infection and the eight genera mentioned above.
Conclusion
This study demonstrates that Subdoligaranulum, Victivallis, Ruminococcaceae_UCG-005,Eggerthella, Clostridiumsensustricto1. Coprococcus2 and AIDS are causally linked, thus providing new insights into the mechanisms underlying the onset of gut microbiota-mediated HIV infection.
Validity of RMR equations in Underweight, Normal Weight, Overweight, and Obese Emirati Female Young Adults
Authors: Haroun Dalia , Sharif Maryam Al , AlGhali Rola , Smail Linda 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background: Predictive equations have been developed to calculate resting metabolic rate (RMR) however they vary in their level of accuracy as they differ in the conditions in which they were developed and the variables that they consider.
Methods: This cross-sectional study aims to examine the validity of published RMR equations in Emirati female young adults and develop a new cohort-specific RMR equation. Indirect calorimetry and anthropometric data were obtained from 149 female participants (17-27 years) across all body mass index (BMI) catgories.
Results: Of the 9 prediction equations examined, Mifflin-St Jeor was the most accurate (mean difference: -15.8-83.8 Kcal/day), while the Harris-Benedict equation was the most inaccurate.
Conclusions: Further studies should examine the developed equation in an independent sample.
Psychological Control and Chinese Preschoolers’ Internalizing and Externalizing Problems: Bidirectional Associations in Four Parent-child Dyads
Authors: Ma Jing , Chen Lingjun , Gao Xin , Li Ye , Xing Shufen 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Previous research has shown there might be bidirectional association between psychological control and child internalizing and externalizing problems. However, most studies were conducted among adolescents, leaving the relationships during early childhood unknown. The present study aimed to examine the gender differences in the bidirectional relationship between parental psychological control and preschoolers’ problem behaviors across four dyadic relationships (mother/son, mother/daughter, father/son, and father/daughter) in the Chinese cultural context. Data were collected from 238 preschool children (132 boys, Mage = 4.21 years, SD = .85) and their parents. Both fathers and mothers reported their psychological control and preschoolers’ problem behaviors. Results showed that for internalizing problems, gender differences in the bidirectional relationship were not found and preschoolers’ internalizing problems predicted increases in parental psychological control, suggesting the child-driven effect. For externalizing problems, gender differences were found across four dyadic relationships. Specifically, in the mother-daughter dyad, maternal psychological control negatively predicted girls’ externalizing problems, suggesting the parent-driven effect. This study underscores the influence of preschoolers’ internalizing problems on parental psychological control. The findings contribute to our understanding of the bidirectional associations and gender differences between parental psychological control and problem behaviors in preschoolers in the Chinese cultural context.