bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Radiographic measurement for femoral varus in Pomeranian dogs with and without medial patellar luxation
Authors: Soparat C. , Wangdee C. , Chuthatep S. , Kalpravidh M. 
Published: January 2012

SummaryObjectives: To measure radiographically the inclination angle (ICA), femoral varus angle (FVA), anatomical lateral distal femoral angle (aLDFA), and mechanical lateral distal femoral angle (mLDFA) in Pomeranian dogs with and without medial patellar luxation (MPL).Materials and methods: Stifles of 34 Pomeranian dogs were graded and allocated into three groups: normal, grades I-II MPL, and grade III MPL. Angle values were measured from craniocaudal radiographs of the hindlimbs by each of the three examiners on three separate occasions.Results: Each of the three groups consisted of 15 stifles. Means ± SD for the ICA, FVA, aLDFA and mLDFA in the normal stifles were 136.46 ± 7.12°, 5.85 ± 3.18°, 95.21 ± 3.48° and 99.46 ± 4°, respectively. No significant differences (p >0.05) in the measured values for the ICA between groups were observed. The FVA, aLDFA and mLDFA values in grade III MPL group were significantly (p <0.05) greater than those in the other two groups. Significant differences in the three angles between the normal and grades I-II MPL groups were not observed.Clinical significance: Significant change of distal femoral varus exists in Pomeranian dogs with grade III MPL.
Residual herniated disc material following hemilaminectomy in chondrodystrophic dogs with thoracolumbar intervertebral disc disease
Authors: Thomas M. , Weh J. M. , Bleedorn J. , Wells K. , Roach W. J. 
Published: January 2012

SummaryObjective: To evaluate the presence of residual disc material within the vertebral canal following hemilaminectomy in chondrodystrophic dogs with thoracolumbar intervertebral disc disease.Methods: Forty dogs were treated by hemilaminectomy. Computed tomography was performed preoperatively and immediately postoperatively. The vertebral canal height, width, area, and herniated disc material area were measured. Maximum filling percentage (MFP), residual disc percentage (RDP), maximum residual filling percentage (MRFP), and residual filling percentage (RFP) were calculated. Clinical outcome was determined by telephone interviews.Results: Residual disc material was present in 100% of the dogs. Mean MFP = 55.4% (range 25.9–82.3%; median 56.9%). Mean RDP = 50.3% (range 2.6–155.8%; median 47.9%). Mean MRFP = 30.8% (range 4.9–60%; median 30.1%). Mean RFP = 19.8% (range 4.8–45%; median 19.0%). All dogs were ambulatory with voluntary urination at the long-term follow-up (range: 88–735 days).Clinical significance: Residual disc was present in all dogs following hemilaminectomy for intervertebral disc disease. Residual disc was not associated with failure to achieve functional recovery in these cases.
Identification and development of polymorphic EST‐SSR markers by sequence alignment in pepper, Capsicum annuum (Solanaceae)
Authors: Kong Qiusheng , Zhang Guangping , Chen Wenchao , Zhang Zhuqing , Zou Xuexiao 
Published: January 2012

• Premise of the study: The redundancies in expressed sequence tags (ESTs) in the National Center for Biotechnology Information sequence database were used to identify and develop polymorphic simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers for pepper (Capsicum annuum).• Methods and Results: Sixty‐eight polymorphic SSR loci were identified in the contigs (containing redundant ESTs) generated by assembling 118060 pepper ESTs from the public sequence database. Thirty‐three SSR markers exhibited polymorphism among 31 pepper varieties, with alleles per SSR marker ranging from two to six. The mean observed and expected heterozygosity were 0.28 and 0.39, respectively. There were 18 SSR markers with a motif repeat number of less than five, accounting for 55% of the total.• Conclusions: We demonstrated the value of mining the redundant sequences in public sequence databases for the development of polymorphic SSR markers, which can be used for marker‐assisted breeding in pepper.
Development and characterization of microsatellite loci for two Caribbean Heliconia (Heliconiaceae: H. bihai and H. caribaea)
Authors: Gowda Vinita , Erickson David L. , Kress W. John 
Published: January 2012

• Premise of the study: Microsatellite loci were developed to characterize genetic variation and population subdivision in Heliconia bihai and H. caribaea from the Caribbean Islands.• Methods and Results: A total of 13 new microsatellite markers were developed and characterized in the two Caribbean heliconias. Di‐, tri‐, and tetranucleotide repeats were identified with one to 17 alleles per locus, and the observed heterozygosity ranged from 0.13 to 0.87. Additionally, cross‐species amplification was successful in eight out of 13 loci.• Conclusions: The microsatellite loci developed have discriminatory potential to be used in genetic characterizations of Caribbean Heliconia. Both H. bihai and H. caribaea are known to have adaptive interactions with their hummingbird pollinators, and the characterized microsatellite markers will be used to study mating system, genetic structure, and phylogeographic patterns in Caribbean Heliconia.
La Bible est-elle soluble dans les phylactères ?
Authors: Lesage Sylvain 
Published: January 2012

Résumé Jusqu’au milieu du xx e siècle, aux yeux des catholiques français, rien ne semble plus étranger l’un à l’autre que la Bible et la bande dessinée. Au texte sacré, tout semble opposer la bande dessinée, destinée alors aux enfants et fondée sur le divertissement. Pourtant, à partir de la deuxième moitié du xx e siècle, catholiques et protestants commencent à entrevoir les potentialités du médium pour renouveler le discours catéchétique. Cet article retrace la chronologie de ces appropriations de la Bible par la bande dessinée, ainsi que les contraintes spécifiques qui pèsent sur ces adaptations. Longtemps cantonnée aux hagiographies de saints et de missionnaires, la bande dessinée commence à s’emparer du texte biblique quand le renouvellement de la catéchèse rencontre l’explosion du marché éditorial. Il est frappant de constater que, malgré le poids de l’édition catholique – et une publication précoce d’histoires en images, ce sont les protestants qui sont allés le plus loin dans l’adaptation de la Bible aux contraintes de la bande dessinée, à travers le périodique Tournesol .
L'Église, les films et la naissance du consumérisme culturel en France
Authors: Leveratto Jean-Marc , Montebello Fabrice 
Published: January 2012

Résumé Objet d’étude longtemps négligé par les sociologues et les historiens, le cinéma a surtout fait l’objet d’analyses filmiques qui ont négligé les études sur le public et, surtout, mésestimé le rôle joué par les spectateurs ordinaires dans la construction de la qualité cinématographique. L’organisation des consommateurs par des associations, des mouvement, des institutions ou des partis — avant-garde artistique, ciné-clubs, cercles de discussions, offices laïques, ligues de familles, syndicats et partis ouvriers, Église catholique – qui entendent peser directement et consciemment sur la production et la distribution cinématographique pour l’orienter dans un sens conforme à leurs intérêts, représente pourtant une dimension fondamentale de l’histoire du cinéma en France. Le dispositif d’identification systématique des films et d’évaluation de leur valeur morale, initiée par l’Église à la fin des années 1920 mérite une attention particulière. Les variations de ses prescriptions — en fonction des types de salles, des types de sorties (matinées, soirées, semaine ou week-end), des particularités régionales, religieuses et culturelles — et, surtout, son évolution significative – les prescriptions artistiques l’emportant progressivement sur les prescriptions morales — du fait des transformations sociales et de l’évolution des comportements cinématographiques, en font un terrain d’observation intéressant des outils d’expertise et de construction de la qualité cinématographique mobilisées par les spectateurs ordinaires. Le service rendu par ce dispositif et le savoir qu’il a permis d’accumuler ont préparé la création et la stabilisation d’une institution culturelle incontournable en France : la revue Télérama. Du fait de son caractère organisé et de sa pérennité, le dispositif créé par la Centrale catholique du Cinéma et de la Radio représente un cas unique de consumérisme cinématographique.
Epithelial Cell-Intrinsic Notch Signaling Plays an Essential Role in the Maintenance of Gut Immune Homeostasis
Authors: Obata Yuuki , Takahashi Daisuke , Ebisawa Masashi , Kakiguchi Kisa , Yonemura Shigenobu , Jinnohara Toshi , Kanaya Takashi , Fujimura Yumiko , Ohmae Masumi , Hase Koji , Ohno Hiroshi 
Published: January 2012

Abstract
Intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) have important functions as the first line of defense against diverse microorganisms on the luminal surface. Impaired integrity of IEC has been implicated in increasing the risk for inflammatory disorders in the gut. Notch signaling plays a critical role in the maintenance of epithelial integrity by regulating the balance of secretory and absorptive cell lineages, and also by facilitating epithelial cell proliferation. We show in this article that mice harboring IEC-specific deletion of Rbpj (RBP-JΔIEC), a transcription factor that mediates signaling through Notch receptors, spontaneously develop chronic colitis characterized by the accumulation of Th17 cells in colonic lamina propria. Intestinal bacteria are responsible for the development of colitis, because their depletion with antibiotics prevented the development of colitis in RBP-JΔIEC mice. Furthermore, bacterial translocation was evident in the colonic mucosa of RBP-JΔIEC mice before the onset of colitis, suggesting attenuated epithelial barrier functions in these mice. Indeed, RBP-JΔIEC mice displayed increase in intestinal permeability after rectal administration of FITC-dextran. In addition to the defect in physical barrier, loss of Notch signaling led to arrest of epithelial cell turnover caused by downregulation of Hes1, a transcriptional repressor of p27Kip1 and p57Kip2. Thus, epithelial cell-intrinsic Notch signaling ensures integrity and homeostasis of IEC, and this mechanism is required for containment of intestinal inflammation.
A Developmentally Controlled Competitive STAT5–PU.1 DNA Binding Mechanism Regulates Activity of the Ig κE3′ Enhancer
Authors: Hodawadekar Suchita , Park Kyoungsook , Farrar Michael A. , Atchison Michael L. 
Published: January 2012

Abstract
Stage-specific rearrangement of Ig H and L chain genes poses an enigma because both processes use the same recombinatorial machinery, but the H chain locus is accessible at the pro-B cell stage, whereas the L chain loci become accessible at the pre-B cell stage. Transcription factor STAT5 is a positive-acting factor for rearrangement of distal VH genes, but attenuation of IL-7 signaling and loss of activated STAT5 at the pre-B cell stage corresponds with Igκ locus accessibility and rearrangement, suggesting that STAT5 plays an inhibitory role at this locus. Indeed, loss of IL-7 signaling correlates with increased activity at the Igκ intron enhancer. However, the κE3′ enhancer must also be regulated as this enhancer plays a role in Igκ rearrangement. We show in this study that STAT5 can repress κE3′ enhancer activity. We find that STAT5 binds to a site that overlaps the κE3′ PU.1 binding site. We observed reciprocal binding by STAT5 and PU.1 to the κE3′ enhancer in primary bone marrow cells, STAT5 and PU.1 retrovirally transduced pro-B cell lines, or embryonic stem cells induced to differentiate into B lineage cells. Binding by STAT5 corresponded with low occupancy of other enhancer binding proteins, whereas PU.1 binding corresponded with recruitment of IRF4 and E2A to the κE3′ enhancer. We also find that IRF4 expression can override the repressive activity of STAT5. We propose a novel PU.1/STAT5 displacement model during B cell development, and this, coupled with increased IRF4 and E2A activity, regulates κE3′ enhancer function.
Endogenous Regulatory T Cells Adhere in Inflamed Dermal Vessels via ICAM-1: Association with Regulation of Effector Leukocyte Adhesion
Authors: Deane James A. , Abeynaike Latasha D. , Norman M. Ursula , Wee Janet L. , Kitching A. Richard , Kubes Paul , Hickey Michael J. 
Published: January 2012

Abstract
Regulatory T cells (Tregs) must express appropriate skin-homing adhesion molecules to exert suppressive effects on dermal inflammation. However, the mechanisms whereby they control local inflammation remain unclear. In this study we used confocal intravital microscopy in wild-type and Foxp3-GFP mice to examine adhesion of effector T cells and Tregs in dermal venules. These experiments examined a two-challenge model of contact sensitivity (CS) in which Treg abundance in the skin progressively increases during the course of the response. Adhesion of CD4+ T cells increased during CS, peaking 8–24 h after an initial hapten challenge, and within 4 h of a second challenge. At these time points, 40% of adherent CD4+ T cells were Foxp3+ Tregs. CD4+ T cell adhesion was highly dependent on ICAM-1, and consistent with this finding, anti–ICAM-1 prevented Treg adhesion. Skin TGF-β levels were elevated in skin during both challenges, in parallel with Treg adhesion. In the two-challenge CS model, inhibition of ICAM-1 eliminated Treg adhesion, an effect associated with a significant increase in neutrophil adhesion. Similarly, total CD4+ T cell depletion caused an increase in adhesion of CD8+ T cells. Because Treg adhesion was restricted by both of these treatments, these experiments suggest that adherent Tregs can control adhesion of proinflammatory leukocytes in vivo. Moreover, the critical role of ICAM-1 in Treg adhesion provides a potential explanation for the exacerbation of inflammation reported in some studies of ICAM-1–deficient mice.
CD163-L1 Is an Endocytic Macrophage Protein Strongly Regulated by Mediators in the Inflammatory Response
Authors: Moeller Jesper B. , Nielsen Marianne J. , Reichhardt Martin P. , Schlosser Anders , Sorensen Grith L. , Nielsen Ole , Tornøe Ida , Grønlund Jørn , Nielsen Maria E. , Jørgensen Jan S. , Jensen Ole N. , Mollenhauer Jan , Moestrup Søren K. , Holmskov Uffe 
Published: January 2012

Abstract
CD163-L1 belongs to the group B scavenger receptor cysteine-rich family of proteins, where the CD163-L1 gene arose by duplication of the gene encoding the hemoglobin scavenger receptor CD163 in late evolution. The current data demonstrate that CD163-L1 is highly expressed and colocalizes with CD163 on large subsets of macrophages, but in contrast to CD163 the expression is low or absent in monocytes and in alveolar macrophages, glia, and Kupffer cells. The expression of CD163-L1 increases when cultured monocytes are M-CSF stimulated to macrophages, and the expression is further increased by the acute-phase mediator IL-6 and the anti-inflammatory mediator IL-10 but is suppressed by the proinflammatory mediators IL-4, IL-13, TNF-α, and LPS/IFN-γ. Furthermore, we show that CD163-L1 is an endocytic receptor, which internalizes independently of cross-linking through a clathrin-mediated pathway. Two cytoplasmic splice variants of CD163-L1 are differentially expressed and have different subcellular distribution patterns. Despite its many similarities to CD163, CD163-L1 does not possess measurable affinity for CD163 ligands such as the haptoglobin–hemoglobin complex or various bacteria. In conclusion, CD163-L1 exhibits similarity to CD163 in terms of structure and regulated expression in cultured monocytes but shows clear differences compared with the known CD163 ligand preferences and expression pattern in the pool of tissue macrophages. We postulate that CD163-L1 functions as a scavenger receptor for one or several ligands that might have a role in resolution of inflammation.
Contrast sensitivity and color perception with orange and yellow intraocular lenses
Authors: Muñoz Gonzalo , Belda-Salmerón Lurdes , Albarrán-Diego César , Ferrer-Blasco Teresa , Fernández-Porrero Antonio 
Published: January 2012

Purpose To evaluate contrast sensitivity function (CSF) and color vision after implantation of either orange or yellow-tinted intraocular lenses (IOLs). Methods Fifty-six eyes of 28 cataract patients who had bilateral implantation of orange-tinted (PC440Y Orange, Ophtec), yellow-tinted (AcrySof Natural SN60AT, Alcon), or clear (AcrySof SA60AT, Alcon) IOLs were examined. Six months postoperatively, monocular CSF under photopic and mesopic (with and without glare) conditions were measured using the Functional Visual Analyzer. Color discrimination was determined with the Farnsworth-Munsell 100-Hue test. Results Patients implanted with orange-tinted, yellow-tinted, or clear IOLs displayed similar CSF values, with no statistically significant differences at any spatial frequency (p>0.05). There were no statistically significant differences in chromatic discrimination among the 3 groups of patients (p>0.05). Conclusions Orange or yellow blue-filtering IOL implantation is comparable to a clear IOL in terms of photopic and mesopic contrast sensitivity or color discrimination.
Randomized, phase III study comparing osmoprotective carboxymethylcellulose with sodium hyaluronate in dry eye disease
Authors: Baudouin Christophe , Cochener Béatrice , Pisella Pierre-Jean , Girard Brigitte , Pouliquen Pascale , Cooper Hazel , Creuzot-Garcher Catherine 
Published: January 2012

Purpose To compare a treatment containing carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) and the osmoprotective (OsPr) compatible osmolytes erythritol, L-carnitine, and glycerin (OsPr-CMC) with a standard sodium hyaluronate (Na-HY) formulation in patients with dry eye disease. Methods This was a 3-month, phase III, noninferiority study. Patients were randomized 1:1 to receive OsPr-CMC (OPTIVE®) or Na-HY (VISMED®). The primary efficacy outcome was the mean change from baseline in total ocular staining at day 35, scored using the 15-point Oxford scale. Noninferiority was assessed using the adjusted means. The secondary efficacy outcome was change in ocular surface disease index (OSDI) score from baseline to day 35. Other outcomes included tear osmolarity, Schirmer-I test score, OSDI, ease of use, patient acceptability, tolerability, and safety. Results A total of 82 patients were randomized. The primary efficacy analysis was per protocol (OsPr-CMC, n=37; Na-HY, n=29). OsPr-CMC was noninferior to Na-HY in terms of adjusted mean change (SE) in ocular staining score at day 35: −2.0 (0.33) with OsPr-CMC vs −1.7 (0.37) with Na-HY. Similar improvements were seen in tear osmolarity, Schirmer-I test score, OSDI, and ocular staining for OsPr-CMC and Na-HY. More patients treated with OsPr-CMC vs Na-HY liked using their eyedrops, reported that their eyes felt comfortable, and found the treatment easy to use. Both treatments were well tolerated, with no serious treatment-related adverse events. Conclusions Compared with Na-HY, OsPr-CMC was noninferior in terms of efficacy and safety, preferred by patients, and easier to use. Osmoprotection using OsPr-CMC therefore represents a viable option for dry eye disease management.
24-Hour variation of optical coherence tomography–measured retinal thickness in diabetic macular edema
Authors: Kotsidis Sokratis T. , Lake Simeon S. , Alexandridis Alexandros D. , Ziakas Nikolaos G. , Ekonomidis Panagiotis K. 
Published: January 2012

Purpose To investigate 24-hour variation in retinal thickness in patients with diabetic macular edema (DME) using optical coherence tomography (OCT). Methods Fifty-three eyes of 53 diabetic patients with clinically significant macular edema and central subfield thickness (CST) >225 μm, 36 eyes of 36 healthy individuals (normal controls), and 22 eyes of 22 diabetic patients without macular pathology (diabetic controls) underwent 5 OCT measurements at 7 AM, 10 AM, 3 PM, 8 PM, and 1 AM. Visual acuity, blood pressure, blood glucose, and body temperature were measured as well. Results The CST (p<0.0005), total macular volume (p<0.0005), and visual acuity (p<0.0005) showed significant variation in patients. The CST (450 μm at 7 AM) reached a minimum at 3 PM (absolute change of −49 μm, relative change of −17%) before increasing again. Thickening changes were higher in more thickened retinas (p<0.0005, p=0.024, absolute and relative change, respectively). Visual acuity was worse in the morning (0.38 logMAR) and improved to a maximum at 8 PM (0.30 logMAR) (p<0.0005). Blood pressure, blood glucose, and body temperature did not vary over time. Conclusions The 24-hour variation of retinal thickness is observed in a large proportion of patients with DME, with a decrease from morning to afternoon. Time of examination should be taken into account when managing such patients.
Pubertal muscle mass and diabetes markers in chinese adolescents
Authors: Lin Shi Lin , Lee So Lun , Hui Lai Ling , Au Yeung Shiu Lun , Tse Michael A. , Leung Gabriel M. , Schooling C. Mary. 
Published: January 2012

AbstractObjectives: Diabetes is common in China despite a relatively nonobese population. We hypothesized that testosterone driven muscle mass acquisition at puberty may be relevant. We examined the associations of testosterone with muscle mass and of muscle mass with fasting glucose in Chinese adolescents.Methods: In 40 adolescents (20 boys and 20 girls, age 12.9 ± 0.1 years) from Hong Kong's “Children of 1997” birth cohort, we used multivariable linear regression to assess adjusted associations of testosterone and fasting glucose (from a morning blood sample) with muscle and fat mass from a dual‐energy X‐ray absorptiometry scan.Results: Testosterone was positively associated with muscle mass (0.05 kg, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.01 to 0.09, per pg/ml testosterone). Muscle mass was associated with lower glucose (−0.04 mmol/l, 95% CI −0.08 to −0.01 per kg muscle mass) adjusted for sex and fat mass.Conclusions: Environmentally driven muscle mass acquisition at puberty could influence diabetes. Am. J. Hum. Biol. 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Adenylate kinase genetic polymorphism and spontaneous abortion
Authors: Gloria‐Bottini Fulvia , Nicotra Maria , Amante Ada , Pietropolli Adalgisa , Neri Anna , Bottini Egidio , Magrini Andrea 
Published: January 2012

AbstractObjective:Recent studies on healthy puerperae suggest that Adenylate kinase locus 1 (Ak1) genetic polymorphism could be involved in intrauterine selection. In this article, we have searched for a possible relationship between Ak1 polymorphism and spontaneous abortion.Methods:178 women with primary repeated spontaneous abortion (RSA), 487 healthy consecutive puerperae, 251 puerperae with diabetes, and 361 consecutive healthy female newborns from the White Caucasian population of Central Italy delivered at the Maternal Department have been studied.In these subjects, Ak1 phenotype was determined to study the relationship between this enzyme and spontaneous abortion.Results:The proportion of Ak12‐1 phenotype is higher in women with history of two or more spontaneous abortion than in puerperae with a negative history of spontaneous abortion and in female newborns infants (O.R. 1.930; 95%C.I. 1.113–3.280). Moreover, RSA women carrying the Ak12‐1 phenotype have a reduced probability of having live‐born infants.Conclusions:Our findings suggest a reduced reproductive efficiency of women carrying the Ak12‐1 phenotype: this observation could have practical importance in predicting the probability of reproductive success in couples with RSA and in the practice of in vitro fertilization. Am. J. Hum. Biol. 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.