bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Unprecedented Biodegradable Polyzwitterion: A Removal‐Free Patch for Accelerating Infected Diabetic Wound Healing
Authors: Wang Zhuoya , Chen Danyang , Wang Hongying , Bao Siyu , Lang Liping , Cui Chunyan , Song Haotian , Yang Jianhai , Liu Wenguang 
Published: May 2024

AbstractZwitterionic polymers have emerged as an important class of biomaterials to construct wound dressings and antifouling coatings over the past decade due to their excellent hydrophilicity. However, all the reported zwitterionic polymers as wound dressings are nondegradable because of noncleavable carbon─carbon bonding backbones, and must be removed periodically after treatment to avoid hypoxia in the wound, thus leading to potential secondary injury. In this work, a biodegradable polyzwitterion patch is fabricated for the first time by ring‐opening polymerization of carboxybetaine dithiolane (CBDS), which is self‐crosslinked via inter‐amide hydrogen bonds and zwitterionic dipole–dipole interactions on the side chains. The unprecedented polyCBDS (PCBDS) patch demonstrates enough ductility owing to the intermolecular physical interactions to fully cover irregular wounds, also showing excellent biodegradability and antifouling performance resulted from the existence of disulfide bonds and carboxybetaine groups. Besides, the PCBDS degradation‐induced released CBDS owns potent antioxidant and antibacterial activities. This PCBDS patch is used as a diabetic wound dressing, inhibiting bacterial adhesion on the external surface, and its degradation products can exactly kill bacteria and scavenge excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) at the wound site to regulate local microenvironment, including regulation of cytokine express and macrophage polarization, accelerating infected diabetic wound repair, and also avoiding the potential secondary injury.
Water use and yield response of rainfed safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) in Vertisols with varying soil depths
Authors: Ponakala Padmavathi , Garg Kaushal K. , Anantha K. H. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractSafflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) is an edible oilseed crop mainly cultivated in marginal lands. This study evaluates safflower crop water requirements to understand its feasibility to cultivate under rainfed ecosystem through a field experiment undertaken at the International Crops Research Institute for the Semiarid Tropics research farm, India. Eight improved and stress‐tolerant safflower cultivars (five spiny and three non‐spiny) were evaluated in Vertisols at three soil depths, that is, shallow: <0.60 m, medium: 0.60–1.20 m, and deep:1.20–1.80 m, over 3 years (2009–2012). Wet, normal, and deficit rainfall years were experienced during 2009/2010, 2010/2011, and 2011/2012, respectively. Soil moisture, crop yield, and growth parameters were measured, and field‐scale hydrology was captured through a calibrated one‐dimensional water balance model. Safflower responded to available residual soil moisture which varied with soil depth and rainfall received in different years. Total crop water use was 300–320 mm during the postrainy season, of which about 70% was extracted in deep Vertisols and 55% in medium Vertisols through residual soil moisture. In addition, 30% of water requirement was met through postrainy season rainfall. Safflower grown in shallow Vertisols could only meet 40% of crop water requirement. Spiny cultivar NARI‐H‐15 grown in deep soil recorded a maximum yield of 1890 kg ha−1 in the wet year. Seed yield from spiny cultivars grown in deep and medium soils was nearly similar (1500–1600 kg ha−1) during wet and normal years; a significant reduction in yield (>50%) occurred in shallow soils and also during a rainfall deficit year. Spiny cultivars produced 10%–50% higher seed yield compared to non‐spiny cultivars. Growing safflower in medium and deep Vertisols provides opportunities for crop intensification.
Quality of life in retired workers with past exposure to asbestos
Authors: Siefert Emmanuelle , Delva Fleur , Paris Christophe , Pairon Jean‐Claude , Thaon Isabelle 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundAsbestos causes cancer and non‐cancerous lung and pleural diseases and can also have a negative psychological impact but little is known about its effect on health‐related quality of life.ObjectivesThe aim of this study is to describe the health‐related quality of life (HRQoL) of retired men with a history of occupational exposure to asbestos and examine factors linked with low HRQoL.MethodsRetired male workers of the French Asbestos‐Related Disease Cohort (ARDCO) completed self‐questionnaires that included SF‐36v2 and HAD scales, questions about their perception of asbestos (perceived dangers and level of exposure, expectations to fall ill, or knowing someone who is) and their respiratory symptoms. Asbestos exposure was assessed by industrial hygienists. A perceived risk score was created using factorial analysis. Multivariable regressions were performed for all SF‐36 subscales.ResultsA total of 1266 of 2075 questionnaires (61%) were returned complete and included in analysis. After adjustment for potential confounders, an increase in perceived risk score resulted in a decrease in physical component summary score (PCS), up to 10.7 points (p = 0.048) and in mental component summary score (MCS) (p = 0.044). Presence of respiratory symptoms was also associated with significantly decreased PCS and MCS (p < 0.001). Poor HRQoL was linked to higher perceived risk score with p ≤ 0.01 for all SF‐36 dimensions. Asbestos exposure assessed by an expert was not associated with any outcome.ConclusionsAll dimensions of HRQoL appear to be affected by the perceived risk of incurring asbestos‐related disease and respiratory symptoms.
Metabolic landscape of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma informs a novel kynurenine/Siglec‐15 axis in immune escape
Authors: Zhang Xin‐Yu , Shi Jian‐Bo , Jin Shu‐Fang , Wang Rui‐Jie , Li Ming‐Yu , Zhang Zhi‐Yuan , Yang Xi , Ma Hai‐Long 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundMetabolic reprograming and immune escape are two hallmarks of cancer. However, how metabolic disorders drive immune escape in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) remains unclear. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate the metabolic landscape of HNSCC and its mechanism of driving immune escape.MethodsAnalysis of paired tumor tissues and adjacent normal tissues from 69 HNSCC patients was performed using liquid/gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry and RNA‐sequencing. The tumor‐promoting function of kynurenine (Kyn) was explored in vitro and in vivo. The downstream target of Kyn was investigated in CD8+ T cells. The regulation of CD8+ T cells was investigated after Siglec‐15 overexpression in vivo. An engineering nanoparticle was established to deliver Siglec‐15 small interfering RNA (siS15), and its association with immunotherapy response were investigated. The association between Siglec‐15 and CD8+ programmed cell death 1 (PD‐1)+ T cells was analyzed in a HNSCC patient cohort.ResultsA total of 178 metabolites showed significant dysregulation in HNSCC, including carbohydrates, lipids and lipid‐like molecules, and amino acids. Among these, amino acid metabolism was the most significantly altered, especially Kyn, which promoted tumor proliferation and metastasis. In addition, most immune checkpoint molecules were upregulated in Kyn‐high patients based on RNA‐sequencing. Furthermore, tumor‐derived Kyn was transferred into CD8+ T cells and induced T cell functional exhaustion, and blocking Kyn transporters restored its killing activity. Accroding to the results, mechanistically, Kyn transcriptionally regulated the expression of Siglec‐15 via aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), and overexpression of Siglec‐15 promoted immune escape by suppressing T cell infiltration and activation. Targeting AhR in vivo reduced Kyn‐mediated Siglec‐15 expression and promoted intratumoral CD8+ T cell infiltration and killing capacity. Finally, a NH2‐modified mesoporous silica nanoparticle was designed to deliver siS15, which restored CD8+ T cell function status and enhanced anti‐PD‐1 efficacy in tumor‐bearing immunocompetent mice. Clinically, Siglec‐15 was positively correlated with AhR expression and CD8+PD‐1+ T cell infiltration in HNSCC tissues.ConclusionsThe findings describe the metabolic landscape of HNSCC comprehensively and reveal that the Kyn/Siglec‐15 axis may be a novel potential immunometabolism mechanism, providing a promising therapeutic strategy for cancers.
Renal function and natriuresis‐guided diuretic therapy – a pre‐specified analysis from the PUSH‐AHF trial
Authors: Damman Kevin , Beldhuis Iris E. , van der Meer Peter , Krikken Jan A. , Coster Jenifer E. , Nieuwland Wybe , van Veldhuisen Dirk J. , Voors Adriaan A. , ter Maaten Jozine M. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAimIn a randomized controlled trial, we recently showed that a natriuresis‐guided diuretic approach improved natriuresis and diuresis in patients with acute heart failure (HF). In this pre‐specified analysis, we investigated the association between (worsening) renal function, outcomes and the effect of intensive natriuresis‐guided loop diuretic therapy as compared with standard of care.Methods and resultsThe Pragmatic Urinary Sodium‐based algoritHm in Acute Heart Failure (PUSH‐AHF) trial randomized patients to natriuresis‐guided diuretic therapy or standard of care. Serum creatinine and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) were assessed at fixed timepoints, and worsening renal function (WRF) was assessed at 72 h. The primary outcome was the interaction between randomized treatment allocation, baseline eGFR and the dual primary outcome of PUSH‐AHF: total natriuresis at 24 h and time to all‐cause mortality or HF rehospitalization at 180 days. In 309 patients, median baseline eGFR was 53 (35–73) ml/min/1.73 m2, and 58% had eGFR <60 ml/min/1.73 m2. Baseline eGFR did not significantly modify the treatment effect of natriuresis‐guided diuretic therapy on natriuresis at 24 h (p for interaction = 0.730). However, baseline eGFR significantly modified the effect on all‐cause mortality and HF rehospitalization (p for interaction = 0.017): the risk of this second primary outcome was lower in patients with lower eGFR who were randomized to the natriuresis‐guided group. In the natriuresis‐guided arm, eGFR decreased more (−11.0 vs. −6.91 ml/min/1.73 m2; p = 0.002) during the first 3 days, but this effect was attenuated at discharge (−10.3 vs. −8.69 ml/min/1.73 m2; p = 0.38). WRF was more frequently observed in patients randomized to natriuresis‐guided treatment, but was not associated with worse clinical outcomes.ConclusionsNatriuresis‐guided diuretic treatment improved diuresis and natriuresis irrespective of baseline eGFR and occurrence of WRF, was effective even in patients with low eGFR, and the observed effect on eGFR was transient and not associated with worse clinical outcomes.
Engineering strategies for high‐voltage LiCoO2 based high‐energy Li‐ion batteries
Authors: Ma Xiaoshuang , Wang Jinkun , Wang Zehua , Wang Li , Xu Hong , He Xiangming 
Published: May 2024

AbstractTo drive electronic devices for a long range, the energy density of Li‐ion batteries must be further enhanced, and high‐energy cathode materials are required. Among the cathode materials, LiCoO2 (LCO) is one of the most promising candidates when charged to higher voltages over 4.3 V. However, high‐voltage LCO materials are confronted with severe surface and bulk issues inducing poor cyclic stability. To completely unleash the potential of LCO cathodes, a more comprehensive theoretical understanding of the underlying issues is necessary, along with active exploration of previous modifications. This paper mainly presents the degradation mechanisms of LCO under high voltage, the formation and evolution mechanisms of the cathode electrolyte interface, and the surface engineering strategies employed to enhance the cell performance. By organizing and summarizing these modifications, this work aims to establish associations among common research issues and to suggest future research priorities, thus facilitating the rapid development of high‐voltage LCO.
Exploring the combination of individual and organizational–environmental factors in the expression of radical and incremental creativity
Authors: Jung Suk , Hong Ah Jeong 
Published: May 2024

AbstractInnovative products and services are key factors in corporate competitiveness, and the expression “employee creativity” is the top priority factor in leading corporate innovation. This study aims to investigate the differences between the predictive variables for the expression of radical and incremental creativity and the combinations of the predictive variables, which aid in the expression of two types of creativity. A research survey was conducted with 600 employees working in newspaper, broadcasting, and film businesses. The results were derived by conducting a fuzzy‐set qualitative comparative analysis (fs/QCA) on 513 useful samples. Using necessity and sufficiency analysis of a fs/QCA, the results indicate that the three personal factors—job expertise, creative process engagement, and work engagement—are commonly required for two types of creativity. Conversely, organizational–environmental factors, a risk‐taking climate, and external networking behavior are only predictive variables of radical creativity. This study's results provide insights regarding the personal and environmental resources that employees must secure to express radical and incremental creativity. Because a clear difference was found in the factors required for the expression of the two types of creativity, based on the results of this study, Human Resource Development(HRD) can devise an effective method to support the expression of the two types of differential creativity.
Understanding host immune responses in Clostridioides difficile infection: Implications for pathogenesis and immunotherapy
Authors: Wang Lamei , Villafuerte Gálvez Javier A. , Lee Christina , Wu Shengru , Kelly Ciaran P. , Chen Xinhua , Cao Yangchun 
Published: May 2024

AbstractClostridioides difficile (C. difficile) is the predominant causative agent of nosocomial diarrhea worldwide. Infection with C. difficile occurs due to the secretion of large glycosylating toxin proteins, which can lead to toxic megacolon or mortality in susceptible hosts. A critical aspect of C. difficile's biology is its ability to persist asymptomatically within the human host. Individuals harboring asymptomatic colonization or experiencing a single episode of C. difficile infection (CDI) without recurrence exhibit heightened immune responses compared to symptomatic counterparts. The significance of these immune responses cannot be overstated, as they play critical roles in the development, progression, prognosis, and outcomes of CDI. Nonetheless, our current comprehension of the immune responses implicated in CDI remains limited. Therefore, further investigation is imperative to elucidate their underlying mechanisms. This review explores recent advancements in comprehending CDI pathogenesis and how the host immune system response influences disease progression and severity, aiming to enhance our capacity to develop immunotherapy‐based treatments for CDI.
Childhood maltreatment, peer victimization, borderline personality feature, suicidal risk in adolescents: Direct and indirect associations among developmental trajectories
Authors: Yang Jiaping 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIntroductionChildhood maltreatment, peer victimization, and borderline personality traits have all been shown to be linked to suicidal risk. However, there remains a need to illuminate the possible direct and indirect pathways among them from a developmental perspective that could serve as intervention targets. This study thus aimed to investigate the direct and indirect relationships among developmental trajectories of childhood maltreatment, peer victimization, borderline personality feature, and suicidal risk in adolescents.MethodsA total of 1648 Chinese adolescents (48.12% boys; Mage = 13.69; SD = 0.82) in junior middle schools completed self‐report measures on three‐time points across 1 year. Latent growth curve modeling was used to evaluate the direct and indirect relationships among the developmental trajectories of the aforementioned study variables.ResultsThe developmental trajectories of childhood maltreatment, peer victimization, and borderline personality feature were positively and directly related to the developmental trajectory of suicidal risk; and the developmental trajectories of childhood maltreatment, peer victimization were indirectly related to the developmental trajectory of suicidal risk through the mediating effect of the developmental trajectory of borderline personality feature.ConclusionsThe findings elucidated the direct and indirect longitudinal relationships among childhood maltreatment, peer victimization, borderline personality feature, and suicidal risk, highlighting that interventions should target childhood maltreatment, peer victimization, and borderline personality feature to decrease suicidal risk in adolescents with a developmental perspective.
Outcomes associated with initial narrow‐spectrum versus broad‐spectrum antibiotics in children hospitalized with urinary tract infections
Authors: Markham Jessica L. , Burns Alaina , Hall Matthew , Molloy Matthew J. , Stephens John R. , McCoy Elisha , Ugalde Irma T. , Steiner Michael J. , Cotter Jillian M. , House Samantha A. , Collins Megan E. , Yu Andrew G. , Tchou Michael J. , Shah Samir S. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of this study is to describe the proportion of children hospitalized with urinary tract infections (UTIs) who receive initial narrow‐ versus broad‐spectrum antibiotics across children's hospitals and explore whether the use of initial narrow‐spectrum antibiotics is associated with different outcomes.Design, Setting and ParticipantsWe performed a retrospective cohort analysis of children aged 2 months to 17 years hospitalized with UTI (inclusive of pyelonephritis) using the Pediatric Health Information System (PHIS) database.Main Outcome and MeasuresWe analyzed the proportions of children initially receiving narrow‐ versus broad‐spectrum antibiotics; additionally, we compiled antibiogram data for common uropathogenic organisms from participating hospitals to compare with the observed antibiotic susceptibility patterns. We examined the association of antibiotic type with adjusted outcomes including length of stay (LOS), costs, and 7‐ and 30‐day emergency department (ED) revisits and hospital readmissions.ResultsWe identified 10,740 hospitalizations for UTI across 39 hospitals. Approximately 5% of encounters demonstrated initial narrow‐spectrum antibiotics, with hospital‐level narrow‐spectrum use ranging from <1% to 25%. Approximately 80% of hospital antibiograms demonstrated >80% Escherichia coli susceptibility to cefazolin. In adjusted models, those who received initial narrow‐spectrum antibiotics had shorter LOS (narrow‐spectrum: 33.1 [95% confidence interval; CI]: 30.8–35.4] h vs. broad‐spectrum: 46.1 [95% CI: 44.1–48.2] h) and reduced costs (narrow‐spectrum: $4570 [$3751–5568] versus broad‐spectrum: $5699 [$5005–$6491]). There were no differences in ED revisits or hospital readmissions. In summary, children's hospitals have low rates of narrow‐spectrum antibiotic use for UTIs despite many reporting high rates of cefazolin‐susceptible E. coli. These findings, coupled with the observed decreased LOS and costs among those receiving narrow‐spectrum antibiotics, highlight potential antibiotic stewardship opportunities.
Key messages on obesity care from the 2023 ASPEN Physician Preconference Course: A narrative review
Authors: Basishvili Givi , Newberry Carolyn , Mechanick Jeffrey I. , Barazzoni Rocco , Hennessy Sara 
Published: May 2024

AbstractObesity is a challenging chronic disease process that continues to affect a large percentage of the population at large. With the advent of new therapeutic options and interventions and a deeper scientific understanding of obesity as a complex illness, there is hope in curtailing this evolving pandemic. In this article, we present key medical information to engage and empower nutrition‐focused providers to manage obesity and its nutrition complications. The topics summarized here were presented during the 2023 American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition Preconference Physician Course and include pathophysiology and hormonal regulation of obesity, multidisciplinary care planning and nutrition risk stratification of patients, and common approaches to treatment, including lifestyle modifications, antiobesity medications, and procedures from the perspective of the nutrition specialist.
Henoch–Schönlein purpura following COVID‐19 vaccine
Authors: Salah Nesrine Ben , Lahouel Maha , Douh Lella , Trimeche Khaoula , Aounallah Amina , Atig Amira , Belajouza Colandane , Denguesli Mohamed 
Published: May 2024

AbstractHenoch–Schönlein purpura (HSP) is an immunoglobulin A (IgA)‐mediated small‐vessel vasculitis mostly observed in children and rarely in adults. It can affect many organs, mainly the skin, kidneys, joints, and gastrointestinal tract. We report a case of HSP occurring after COVID‐19 vaccine (Pfizer‐BioNTech).
Rapid and sustained improvement of psoriasis with Bimekizumab: A real‐world case series
Authors: Santos‐Alarcón Sergio , Mataix‐Diaz Francisco Javier , Schneller‐Pavelescu Apetrei Constantin Luca , Belinchón‐Romero Isabel 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis retrospective case series examines the efficacy and safety of Bimekizumab in 22 patients with moderate to severe plaque psoriasis in a real‐world clinical setting. The demographic and clinical characteristics of the participants, including a mean age of 43.7 years and a gender distribution of 60% male and 40% female, are summarised. Notably, 70% of the patients had previously received systemic therapy, and 50% had concurrent psoriatic arthritis. The evaluation over a 12‐week treatment period revealed a significant reduction in psoriasis area and severity index scores from a baseline mean of 11.5−1.0 at Week 4 and further down to 0.3 by Week 12. Similar improvements were observed in body surface area, physician's global assessment and dermatology life quality index scores. Bimekizumab was well‐tolerated with no reported adverse events, leading to no treatment discontinuations. These findings highlight the potential of Bimekizumab to provide rapid and sustained improvements in patients with moderate to severe plaque psoriasis, underlining its value in clinical practice.