bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Motor nerve lengths of twenty‐seven muscles in upper extremity
Authors: Kendi̇r Si̇mel , Şen Tüli̇n , Firat Tüzün , Leblebicioğlu A. Gürsel , Türker Tolga , Tekdemi̇r İbrahi̇m , Elhan Alai̇tti̇n 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThe purpose of this study is to determine the lengths of motor nerves in the upper extremity. Motor nerves of 27 muscles in 10 cadavers (16 extremities) were dissected from their roots at the level of intervertebral foramen to the entry point of the nerves to the corresponding muscles. Distance between acromion and the lateral epicondyle of the humerus was also measured in all cadavers. Nerve length of the coracobrachialis muscle was the shortest (18.26 ± 1.64 cm), while the longest was the nerve of the extensor indicis (59.51 ± 4.80 cm). The biceps brachii, the extensor digitorum communis, and the brachialis muscles showed highest coefficient of variation that makes these nerve lengths of muscles inconsistent about their lengths. This study also offers quotients using division of the lengths of each nerve to acromion—the lateral epicondyle distance. Knowledge of the nerve lengths in the upper extremity may provide a better understanding the reinnervation sequence and the recovery time in the multilevel injuries such as brachial plexus lesions. Quotients may be used to estimate average lengths of nerves of upper extremity in infants and children. Moreover, reliability of the biceps brachii as a determinant factor for surgery in obstetrical brachial plexus lesions should be reconsidered due to its highest variation coefficient. Clin. Anat. 25:373–378, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Are there hemodynamic implications related to an axillary arch?
Authors: Provyn S. , Balestra C. , Delobel A. , Wilputte F. , Leduc O. , Pouders C. , Snoeck T. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThe axillary arch (AA) has been thoroughly studied and described as a supernumerary muscle, present unilaterally or bilaterally. This study aims to provide an in vivo demonstration of the influence of an AA on vascular, biometrical, and hemodynamic parameters. Two‐hundred thirty‐nine subjects with a mean age of 21.3 ± 2.7 years participated in this study. After visual screening by two independent experts, 20 subjects (8.4%) presented with an AA unilaterally (n = 12) or bilaterally (n = 8). An echo‐Doppler examination of the vena and arteria axillaris was performed to measure blood flow, velocity of circulating elements, and blood vessel diameter in different positions of the arm (abduction: 45°, 90°, 90° combined with exorotation ‘ER’, 120°). The arteria axillaris parameters, measured in the test (n = 9; six women, three men) and control group (n = 11; six women, five men), were equivalent for all tested positions. The axillary vein parameters, compared to variations within the groups, revealed no significant differences. However, when comparing variation between groups, significant differences were found for (i) diameter in 90° abduction + ER and 120° abduction; (ii) velocity in 90° and 120° abduction. Blood flow demonstrated no significant difference between groups in any of the positions. The results of this study indicate that there is no functional vascular implication of the AA in the test samples. This study also questions the interpretation of some hypotheses regarding the AA and entrapment syndromes. Clin. Anat. 24:964–967, 2011. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
ChemInform Abstract: Structural Percolation in the PbM1‐xMx′O3 (M,M′: Ti, Cr, and V) Perovskites.
Authors: Arevalo‐Lopez Angel M. , Alario‐Franco Miguel A. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractPbM1‐x1Mx2O3 (M1, M2: Ti, Cr, V) solid solutions are characterized by powder XRD, HRTEM, magnetization measurements, and strain mapping analysis.
ChemInform Abstract: A Mild Liquid Reduction Route Toward Uniform Blue‐Emitting EuCl2 Nanoprisms and Nanorods.
Authors: Jiang Weili , Bian Zuqiang , Hong Chenming , Huang Chunhui 
Published: September 2011

AbstractUniform EuCl2 nanoprisms and nanorods are synthesized by a new reduction route from mixtures of Eu(OOC‐CCl3)3 for nanoprisms or Eu(OAc)3 for nanorods and acetamidine hydrochloride (or picolinamidine hydrochloride) as the reductant in oleylamine (300 °C, 1 h).
ChemInform Abstract: Dimers of Ag2+ Ions — Synthesis and Characterization of the Quaternary Silver Fluoride Ag2ZnZr2F14 with [Ag2F7]3‐ Units.
Authors: Tong Jianwei , Kraus Florian , Koehler Juergen , Simon Arndt , Liu Jia , Whangbo Myung‐Hwan 
Published: September 2011

AbstractDeep blue‐violet powders of Ag2ZnZr2F14 are synthesized by reaction of Zn(NO3)2, Ag, and ZrOCl2 (F2/Ar flow, 300 °C, 6 d).
ChemInform Abstract: Unprecedented Formation of Benzo[d][1,2,3,6]oxatriazocine Derivatives via Diazo‐Oxygen Bond Formation and Synthesis of Enantiomerically Pure 1‐Alkyl Benzotriazole Derivatives.
Authors: Bera Saurav , Samanta Krishnananda , Panda Gautam 
Published: September 2011

AbstractA series of an entirely new kind of amino acid‐derived benzo[d][1,2,3,6]oxatriazocine derivatives (II) is prepared via an one‐pot three step sequence, (i) diazotation, (ii) Tbs‐deprotection, and (iii) cyclization.
ChemInform Abstract: Catalytic Synthesis of Homoallyloxyalcohols and 1,2‐Bis(homoallyloxy)ethanes Through Ring‐Opening Allylation of Cyclic Acetals with Allylsilanes over Solid Acids.
Authors: Motokura Ken , Yoneda Hirokazu , Miyaji Akimitsu , Sakamoto Yasuharu , Baba Toshihide 
Published: September 2011

AbstractRing opening allylation of cyclic acetals with allylsilanes proceeds smoothly over silica—alumina to give silyl ethers, e.g. (III) and (VI), which subsequently undergo hydrolysis on addition of water to the reaction mixture to give homoallyloxy alcohols, e.g. (VII), (IX) or (XI).
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium Nanoparticle‐Cored G1‐Dendrimer Stabilized by Carbon—Pd Bonds: Synthesis, Characterization and Use as Chemoselective, Room Temperature Hydrogenation Catalyst.
Authors: Kumar Venugopal K. Ratheesh , Gopidas Karical R. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThe title catalyst is found to be a highly efficient, chemoselective, and reusable catalyst for the hydrogenation of carbon—carbon multiple bonds.
ChemInform Abstract: InBr3‐Catalyzed Reduction of Ketones with a Hydrosilane: Deoxygenation of Aromatic Ketones and Selective Synthesis of Secondary Alcohols and Symmetrical Ethers from Aliphatic Ketones.
Authors: Sakai Norio , Nagasawa Ken , Ikeda Reiko , Nakaike Yumi , Konakahara Takeo 
Published: September 2011

AbstractAn InBr3—Et3SiH reducing system is used to selectively convert ketones (I) and (III) to a variety of secondary alcohols (II) and (IV) in moderate to good yields.
ChemInform Abstract: Stereospecific Mono‐ and Difluorination of the C7‐Bridge of Norbornenes.
Authors: Rajsfus David E. , Alter‐Zilberfarb Sari , Sharon Pessia , Meador Mary Ann B. , Frimer Aryeh A. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractA series of norbornenes of type (II), (IV), and (VI), which are mono‐ or difluorinated at the C7 bridge, are prepared using DAST as fluorinating agent.
ChemInform Abstract: Green, Efficient and Practical Michael Addition of Arylamines to α,β‐Unsaturated Ketones.
Authors: Jiang Ran , Li Dan‐Hua , Jiang Jing , Xu Xiao‐Ping , Chen Tao , Ji Shun‐Jun 
Published: September 2011

AbstractIn the absence of a solvent and a catalyst, β‐arylamino ketones are obtained in most cases as neat products without the need of column chromatography.
ChemInform Abstract: Iron‐Facilitated Direct Oxidative C—H Transformation of Allyl Arenes to Alkenyl Aldehydes.
Authors: Wang Teng , Xiang Shi‐Kai , Qin Chong , Ma Jun‐An , Zhang Li‐He , Jiao Ning 
Published: September 2011

AbstractA direct oxidative approach to alkenyl aldehydes via allyl sp3 C—H functionalization is developed using an inexpensive iron catalyst to facilate this transformation.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Analgesic Effects of New Pyrrole Derivatives of Phencyclidene in Mice.
Authors: Ahmadi Abbas , Solati Jalal , Hajikhani Ramin , Pakzad Sara 
Published: September 2011

AbstractNew pyrrole derivative (VIb) shows analgesic effects against acute thermal pain in the tail immersion test and analgesic effects against acute chemical and chronic pain in the formalin test.
ChemInform Abstract: Efficient Synthesis of 2‐Arylamino‐2‐imidazolines and 2‐Aminobenzimidazoles with Aminoiminomethanesulfonic Acid Derivatives.
Authors: Mohanazadeh Farajollah , Nami Navabe , Hosseini Samine Sadat 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThe reaction can also be conducted in water, but with lower yields.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium(II)‐Catalyzed Direct Alkenylation and Arylation of Arenes: Removable 2‐Pyridylsulfinyl Group Assisted C—H Bond Activation.
Authors: Yu Ming , Liang Zunjun , Wang Yongyong , Zhang Yuhong 
Published: September 2011

AbstractIn the presence of Pd(O‐Ac)2, arenes bearing a 2‐pyridylsulfinyl group undergo efficient and regioselective alkenylation and arylation to afford o‐substituted products.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of N‐Substituted 2‐[(1E)‐Alkenyl]‐4‐(1H)‐quinolone Derivatives as Antimycobacterial Agents Against Non‐Tubercular Mycobacteria.
Authors: Wube Abraham A. , Bucar Franz , Hochfellner Christina , Blunder Martina , Bauer Rudolf , Huefner Antje 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThe compounds (III) (30 examples) are tested in vitro against M.
ChemInform Abstract: A General Copper Powder Catalyzed Ullmann‐Type Reaction of 3‐Halo‐4(1H)‐quinolones with Various Nitrogen‐Containing Nucleophiles.
Authors: Audisio Davide , Messaoudi Samir , Peyrat Jean‐Francois , Brion Jean‐Daniel , Alami Mouad 
Published: September 2011

AbstractA wide range of biologically interesting 3‐N‐substituted 4‐quinolones can be prepared in good to high yields.
ChemInform Abstract: Amberlite—IRA‐402 (OH) Ion Exchange Resin Mediated Synthesis of Indolizines, Pyrrolo[1,2‐a]quinolines and Isoquinolines: Antibacterial and Antifungal Evaluation of the Products.
Authors: Mondal Nirup B. , et al. et al. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractA novel one‐pot method for the synthesis of the title compounds (III), (V), (VI), (VIII), and (X) is presented.
ChemInform Abstract: Chemoenzymatic Synthesis with Lipase Catalyzed Resolution and Evaluation of Antitumor Activity of (R/S)‐2‐[2‐Hydroxy‐3‐(4‐phenylpiperazin‐1‐yl)propyl]‐1H‐pyrrolo [3,4‐b]quinolin‐3(2H)‐one.
Authors: Nagarapu Lingaiah , Gaikwad Hanmant K. , Bantu Rajashaker , Manikonda Sheeba Rani 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThe compounds (+)‐(III) and (‐)‐(I) are screened for their antitumor activity against the human neuroblastoma SK‐N‐SH and human lung carcinoma A549 cell lines in vitro.
ChemInform Abstract: δ‐Carbolines and Their Ring‐Opened Analogues: Synthesis and Evaluation Against Fungal and Bacterial Opportunisitic Pathogens.
Authors: Mazu Tryphon K. , Etukala Jagan R. , Jacob Melissa R. , Khan Shabana I. , Walker Larry A. , Ablordeppey Seth Y. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractA variety of substituted δ‐carbolinium analogues (VIII) (10 examples) of the natural product cryptolepine is designed and synthesized.
ChemInform Abstract: Facile Synthesis, Vasorelaxant Properties and Molecular Modeling Studies of 2‐Amino‐8a‐methoxy‐4H‐pyrano[3,2‐c]pyridine‐3‐carbonitriles.
Authors: Girgis Adel S. , Ismail Nasser S. M. , Farag Hanaa 
Published: September 2011

AbstractAll the title compounds (IV) (14 examples), especially derivatives (IVb) and (IVc) exhibit considerable vasodilation activities.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Anticancer Activity of Oxindole Derived Imidazo[1,5‐a]pyridines (VIII).
Authors: Kamal Ahmed , Ramakrishna G. , Raju P. , Rao A. V. Subba , Viswanath A. , Nayak V. Lakshma , Ramakrishna Sistla 
Published: September 2011

AbstractAmong all the title compounds (VIII) (18 examples) synthesized, compound (VIIIc) shows significant and selective anticancer activity.
ChemInform Abstract: Oppolzer‐Type Intramolecular Diels—Alder Cycloadditions via Isomerizations of Allenamides.
Authors: Feltenberger John B. , Hsung Richard P. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractA variety of N‐tethered allenamides undergoes a tandem cycloaddition and isomerization or 1,3‐shift leading to the complex heterocyclic compounds mostly stereoselectively.
ChemInform Abstract: Facile Transformation of Biginelli Pyrimidin‐2(1H)‐ones to Pyrimidines. In vitro Evaluation as Inhibitors of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Modulators of Cytostatic Activity.
Authors: Singh Kamaljit , Singh Kawaljit , Wan Baojie , Franzblau Scott , Chibale Kelly , Balzarini Jan 
Published: September 2011

AbstractWhile none of the compounds tested for inhibition of M.tuberculosis displays useful activity, the nature of the C‐2 substituent is found to modulate the cytostatic activity in cell culture.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Antitumor Activity of Novel Pyrido[2,3‐d][1,2,4]triazolo[4,3‐a]pyrimidin‐5‐one Derivatives.
Authors: El‐Nassan Hala B. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractAll the synthesized title compounds are tested for their in vitro effect on human breast adenocarcinoma cell line (MCF7).
ChemInform Abstract: Discovery of Fused Bicyclic Agonists of the Orphan G‐Protein Coupled Receptor GPR119 with in vivo Activity in Rodent Models of Glucose Control.
Authors: Semple Graeme , et al. et al. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractBased on a known lead, a new structural series of agonists of the pancreatic and GI‐expressed orphan G‐protein coupled receptor GPR119 are designed and synthesized.
ChemInform Abstract: Syntheses, Structures, and Complexation of cis‐ and trans‐Cycloheptane‐1,2‐diyl‐fused Crown Thioethers ([12]ansS4).
Authors: Ishii Akihiko , Asami Sohei , Fujiwara Yoko , Ono Aya , Nakata Norio 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThe competitive complexation experiment indicates that cis compound (VIII) forms the complex with AgOTf more preferably than trans compound (XI).
ChemInform Abstract: Rhodium‐Catalyzed Synthesis of Germoles via the Activation of Carbon—Germanium Bonds.
Authors: Tobisu Mamoru , Baba Katsuaki , Chatani Naoto 
Published: September 2011

AbstractGermylphenylboronic esters react with alkynes to yield benzogermole products with high yields and, in the case of unsymmetrical alkynes, with high regioselectivity.
ChemInform Abstract: Efficient Access to New Chiral Ferrocenyl γ‐Lactams from Amino Alcohols.
Authors: Soueidan Mohamad , Jida Mouhamad , Bousquet Till , Niedercorn Francine Agbossou , Pelinski Lydie 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThe title lactams, e.g. (VII), can be used for the preparation of chiral ferrocenyl pyrrolidines such as (VIII) which are interesting precursors of ligands for metal catalysis.
ChemInform Abstract: Fischerisin A and B, Cytotoxic Sesquiterpenoid‐Geranylhydroquinones from Ligularia fischeri.
Authors: Xie Wei‐Dong , Li Xia , Weng Cheng‐Wu , Liu Shan‐Shan , Row Kyung Ho 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThe title compounds (I) and (II) are the first representatives of a novel sesquiterpenoid‐geranylhydroquinone hybrid.
ChemInform Abstract: Chemistry of Imidazo[2,1‐b][1,3,4]thiadiazoles
Authors: Khazi Imtiyaz Ahmed M. , Gadad Andanappa K. , Lamani Ravi S. , Bhongade Bhoomendra A. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractReview: synthesis, ring opening, reduction, substitution reactions, biological activities; 187 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Green Synthetic Strategies of Oxide Materials: Polysaccharides‐Assisted Synthesis. Part 1. Polysaccharide Roles in Metal Oxides Synthesis
Authors: Carp Oana , Visinescu Diana , Patrinoiu Greta , Tirsoaga Alina , Paraschiv Carmen , Tudose Madalina 
Published: September 2011

AbstractReview: 49 refs.
Chirality driven self‐assembly in a fluorescent organogel
Authors: Cicchi Stefano , Pescitelli Gennaro , Lascialfari Luisa , Ghini Giacomo , Bari Lorenzo DI , Brandi Alberto , Bussotti Laura , Atsbeha Tesfay , Marcelli Agnese , Foggi Paolo , Berti Debora , Mannini Matteo 
Published: September 2011

AbstractIn this work, we present the characterization of an enantiomeric pair of fluorescent dye organogelators and the properties of their stable gel at low concentration in organic solvents. The gels of both enantiomers and of their mixtures were analyzed by differential scanning calorimetry, circular dichroism (CD), atomic force microscopy, UV–vis absorption, and fluorescence. The acquired data were supported by molecular modeling of the helical assembly of the gelators and by the simulation of their CD spectra by means of DeVoe method, and suggested the occurrence of an enantiomeric discrimination process during the formation of the gels. Chirality, 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
An estimate of the axial dispersion during flow through a compressible wood‐chip bed
Authors: Alaqqad M. , Bennington C. P. J. , Martinez D. M. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractIn this work, we present a methodology to characterise the axial dispersion of a solute during steady‐flow through a compressible bed of wood chips under mechanical load. We use a non‐invasive imaging technique, namely electrical resistance tomography (ERT), to visualise the uniaxial displacement of a salt solution. Here we demonstrate that under two limiting cases the porosity of the porous bed varies slowly in the flow‐direction and to the lowest order can be considered a constant. This simplified the optimisation routine we used to match the experimental data to the numerical results of the advection–diffusion equation. Using this, a methodology to estimate the axial dispersion is given by a minimisation scheme. In the experimental portion of the work we measure the axial dispersion of a bed of hemlock wood chips at three different kappa numbers κ, and compacted to three different compaction pressures pc. We find that the dispersion De in the axial direction varies as a function of the porosity ε, according to $D_{{\rm e}} = a\varepsilon {}^{b} $, where a = 7.2 × 10−4 m2/s and b = −3.8 for hemlock wood chips. © 2011 Canadian Society for Chemical Engineering
Charge density in non‐isotropic electrolytes conducting current
Authors: Kennell Glyn F. , Evitts Richard W. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThis article presents applications of an electrochemical model that can predict concentrations and electric current distributions assuming neither electroneutrality nor negligible concentration gradients. This numerical model is used to analyse two cases: a liquid‐junction and a lithium‐ion cell. For both cases, it is shown how the inclusion of charge density effects on the electric field is beneficial. For the case of a liquid‐junction the predicted potential gradient is compared with values experimentally and numerically determined by other researchers. For the case of a charging lithium‐ion cell, a phenomenon seen experimentally (but not previously reported by other models) is predicted. © 2011 Canadian Society for Chemical Engineering
Direct Double Electrophilic Fluorination of Allenoic Acids and Tosylamides to Give 1,1‐Difluoroallylic Heterocyclic Compounds
Authors: Cui Haifeng , Chai Zhuo , Lu Yingpeng , Li Peng , Zhao Gang , Zhu Shizheng 
Published: September 2011

AbstractA novel and facile preparation of 1,1‐difluoroallyl substituted five‐membered lactones or pyrrolidines in moderate yields through direct double electrophilic fluorination of 4,5‐allenoic acids or tosylamides with SelectfluorTM F‐TEAD‐BF4 is described.
Effect of Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy on Thyroid Function
Authors: Celikyurt Umut , Agacdiken Aysen , Geyik Bilal , Kozdag Guliz , Vural Ahmet , Ural Dilek 
Published: September 2011

AbstractBackground:Heart failure patients frequently have thyroid function abnormalities. Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) is a major treatment for patients with advanced chronic heart failure. We aimed to investigate the effects of CRT on thyroid functions.Hypothesis:CRT improves thyroid functions.Methods:Fifty‐seven patients (42 male, 15 female; mean age 58 ± 13 y) undergoing CRT were included in the study. Serum levels of thyroid hormones and echocardiographic parameters were measured before and 6 months after CRT. A response to CRT was defined as a reverse remodeling detected by a relative increase of ≥15% in left ventricular ejection fraction.Results:The clinical status and functional capacity of the patients in the remodeling group were improved significantly. The mean New York Heart Association class was reduced from 3.2 ± 0.4 to 2.2 ± 0.4 (P<0.001). The free triiodothyronine (fT3) level increased from 2.67 pg/mL to 2.97 pg/mL in the reverse remodeling group (P = 0.005). The fT3/fT4 ratio increased from 1.81 to 2.34 (P = 0.006).Conclusions:CRT improves fT3 levels and fT3/fT4 ratio, which may play an important role in reverse remodeling. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.The authors have no funding, financial relationships, or conflicts of interest to disclose.
“Entering a clinical trial: Is it right for you?”
Authors: Hoffner Brianna , Bauer‐Wu Susan , Hitchcock‐Bryan Suzanne , Powell Mark , Wolanski Andrew , Joffe Steven 
Published: September 2011

AbstractPURPOSE:This randomized study was designed to assess the utility of an educational video in preparing cancer patients for decisions about clinical trial participation. The study assessed the effect of the video on patients' understanding and perceptions of clinical trials, its impact on decision making and patient‐provider communication, and patients' satisfaction with the video.METHODS:Ninety adults considering cancer clinical trials were randomized to receive (n = 45) or not receive (n = 45) the video. Using the validated Quality of Informed Consent (QuIC), respondents' knowledge about clinical trial participation was assessed. All subjects completed additional questions about satisfaction with the video, decision making, and patient‐provider communication. Data were analyzed using the Wilcoxon rank‐sum test, regression model, and descriptive statistics.RESULTS:Although intent‐to‐treat analysis found no significant group differences in objective understanding between those randomized to view or not view the video, the majority of participants reported favorable experiences with regard to watching the video: 85% found the video was an important source of information about clinical trials; 81% felt better prepared to discuss the trial with their physician; 89% of those who watched the video with family indicated that it helped family better understand clinical trials; and 73% indicated it helped family accept their decision about participation.CONCLUSIONS:Although the video did not measurably improve patients' knowledge about clinical trials, it was an important source of information, helped educate families, and enhanced patient communication with their oncology providers. Cancer 2012;. © 2011 American Cancer Society.