bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gravity anomalies of strike limited listric fault sources with analytically defined fault planes and arbitrary density contrast variations with depth
Authors: Chakravarthi V. 
Published: March 2011

ABSTRACTA method to compute the theoretical gravity anomalies of strike limited listric fault sources is presented along with a relevant computer code, GRLSTRCFLT. The fault plane of a listric fault structure is described with a polynomial function of arbitrary degree. Further, the density contrast within the structure is presumed to be varying randomly with depth comprehending the geological settings where the detached downthrown block of a fault structure is assumed consisting of both high and low density formations. The expression for the gravity anomaly to realize forward modelling is derived in the space domain using both analytical and numerical approaches. The validity and efficacy of the method is demonstrated with a set of synthetic fault models. The gravity anomaly computed at two selected offsets across the fault structure in either case reveals the fact that the magnitude of the anomaly is dependent on the offset of the profile.
Both miR-17-5p and miR-20a Alleviate Suppressive Potential of Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells by Modulating STAT3 Expression
Authors: Zhang Miaomiao , Liu Qiaofei , Mi Siping , Liang Xue , Zhang Zhiqian , Su Xiaomin , Liu Jinyi , Chen Yingying , Wang Mengmeng , Zhang Yuan , Guo Fenghua , Zhang Zhujun , Yang Rongcun 
Published: March 2011

Abstract
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) were one of the major components of the immune suppressive network. STAT3 has an important role in regulating the suppressive potential of MDSCs. In this study, we found that the expression of STAT3 could be modulated by both miR-17-5p and miR-20a. The transfection of miR-17-5p or miR-20a remarkably reduces the expression of reactive oxygen species and the production of H2O2, which are regulated by STAT3. MDSCs transfected with miR-17-5p or miR-20a are less able to suppress Ag-specific CD4 and CD8 T cells. Importantly, both miR-17-5p and miR-20a alleviate the suppressive function of MDSCs in vivo. The expression of miR-17-5p and miR-20a in tumor-associated MDSCs was found to be lower than in Gr1+CD11b+ cells isolated from the spleens of disease-free mice. Tumor-associated factor downregulates the expression of both miR-17-5p and miR-20a. The modulation of miR-17-5p and miR-20a expression may be important for the process by which patients with a tumor can overcome the immune tolerance mediated by MDSCs. Our results suggest that miR-17-5p and miR-20a could potentially be used for immunotherapy against diseases, especially cancer, by blocking STAT3 expression.
A Mechanism for TCR Sharing between T Cell Subsets and Individuals Revealed by Pyrosequencing
Authors: Venturi Vanessa , Quigley Máire F. , Greenaway Hui Yee , Ng Pauline C. , Ende Zachary S. , McIntosh Tina , Asher Tedi E. , Almeida Jorge R. , Levy Samuel , Price David A. , Davenport Miles P. , Douek Daniel C. 
Published: March 2011

Abstract
The human naive T cell repertoire is the repository of a vast array of TCRs. However, the factors that shape their hierarchical distribution and relationship with the memory repertoire remain poorly understood. In this study, we used polychromatic flow cytometry to isolate highly pure memory and naive CD8+ T cells, stringently defined with multiple phenotypic markers, and used deep sequencing to characterize corresponding portions of their respective TCR repertoires from four individuals. The extent of interindividual TCR sharing and the overlap between the memory and naive compartments within individuals were determined by TCR clonotype frequencies, such that higher-frequency clonotypes were more commonly shared between compartments and individuals. TCR clonotype frequencies were, in turn, predicted by the efficiency of their production during V(D)J recombination. Thus, convergent recombination shapes the TCR repertoire of the memory and naive T cell pools, as well as their interrelationship within and between individuals.
Requirements for Eomesodermin and Promyelocytic Leukemia Zinc Finger in the Development of Innate-Like CD8+ T Cells
Authors: Gordon Scott M. , Carty Shannon A. , Kim Jiyeon S. , Zou Tao , Smith-Garvin Jennifer , Alonzo Eric S. , Haimm Ethan , Sant’Angelo Derek B. , Koretzky Gary A. , Reiner Steven L. , Jordan Martha S. 
Published: March 2011

Abstract
Conventional and nonconventional T cell development occur in the thymus. Nonconventional thymocytes that bear characteristics typically associated with innate immune cells are termed innate-like lymphocytes (ILLs). Mice harboring a tyrosine to phenylalanine mutation in the adaptor protein Src homology 2 domain-containing leukocyte protein of 76 kDa at residue 145 (Y145F mice) develop an expanded population of CD8+CD122+CD44+ ILLs, typified by expression of the T-box transcription factor eomesodermin. Y145F mice also have an expanded population of γδ T cells that produce copious amounts of IL-4 via a mechanism that is dependent on the BTB-ZF transcription factor promyelocytic leukemia zinc finger. Using mice with T cell-specific deletion of Eomes, we demonstrate that this transcription factor is required for CD8+ ILL development in Y145F as well as wild-type mice. Moreover, we show that promyelocytic leukemia zinc finger and IL-4 are also required for the generation of this ILL population. Taken together, these data shed light on the cell-intrinsic and cell-extrinsic factors that drive CD8+ ILL differentiation.
Genericity of Representations of p-Adic Sp2n and Local Langlands Parameters
Authors: Liu Baiying 
Published: March 2011

Abstract Let G be the F-rational points of the symplectic group Sp2n, where F is a non-Archimedean local field of characteristic 0. Cogdell, Kim, Piatetski-Shapiro, and Shahidi constructed local Lang- lands functorial lifting from irreducible generic representations of G to irreducible representations of GL2n+1(F). Jiang and Soudry constructed the descent map from irreducible supercuspidal repre- sentations of GL2n+1(F) to those of G, showing that the local Langlands functorial lifting from the irreducible supercuspidal generic representations is surjective. In this paper, based on above results, using the same descent method of studying SO2n+1 as Jiang and Soudry, we will show the rest of local Langlands functorial lifting is also surjective, and for any local Langlands parameter , we construct a representation such that and ¾ have the same twisted local factors. As one application, we prove the G-case of a conjecture of Gross-Prasad and Rallis, that is, a local Langlands parameter is generic, i.e., the representation attached to is generic, if and only if the adjoint L-function of is holomorphic at s = 1. As another application, we prove for each Arthur parameter , and the corresponding local Langlands parameter , the representation attached to is generic if and only if is tempered.
La información cinematográfica en el diario sevillano El Liberal, en 1929
Authors: Pérez Rufí José Patricio 
Published: March 2011

El siguiente artículo analiza la relación de la prensa local sevillana en el año 1929 con la exhibición cinematográfica. La celebración de la Exposición Iberoamericana sevillana, como evento masivo con una intención divulgativa y propagandística que se servirá por vez primera del cinematógrafo, y el tránsito al sonoro determinan una presencia notable del medio audiovisual en la sociedad y la cultura sevillana del momento. La prensa es utilizada como medio de transmisión de información y de creación de demanda de consumo por los empresarios de una industria cultural, el cine, plenamente consolidada a pesar de su juventud. Atenderemos a los datos ofrecidos a través del diario El Liberal de Sevilla durante el año de la celebración de la Exposición Iberoamericana a fin de determinar la relevancia de la exhibición cinematográfica en el desarrollo cultural de la ciudad.
Modos de intervención de los padres en el conflicto que supone el consumo de pantallas
Authors: Gabelas Barroso José Antonio , Lazo Carmen Marta 
Published: March 2011

Las nuevas pantallas (Internet, videoconsolas y teléfonos móviles), junto con la tradicional televisión, constituyen un agente de socialización de primer orden para los niños, adolescentes y jóvenes. Ante el potencial que presentan estos soportes como fuente de contenidos, es acertado que nos preguntemos si los usuarios con edades más tempranas cuentan o no con guías que les ayuden a establecer un consumo equilibrado y sano. En el presente artículo, exponemos los principales resultados obtenidos en una investigación cuyo objetivo se fundamenta en conocer el tipo de control que ejercen los padres y madres respecto al consumo de las diferentes pantallas que llevan a cabo sus hijos, así como en analizar los motivos por los que las actuales generaciones crecen entretenidos, informados o formados, en su convivencia asidua con estos medios, afinando en las particularidades y funciones en el uso de cada uno de ellos. El grado de preocupación de los contenidos que el hijo pueda manejar o la frecuencia con la que establecen límites de tiempo en la utilización de cada pantalla son cuestiones centrales en el ámbito de las mediaciones con las que cuentan los menores en el contexto del hogar a través de sus padres, importantes referentes en el consumo.
Supracricoid Partial Laryngectomy: The Second Coming
Authors: Hazarika Biswajyoti 
Published: March 2011

AbstractEarly cancer of the larynx can be addressed by single modality treatment (surgery or radiotherapy) while advanced cancer larynx is addressed with multimodality treatment—surgery (total laryngectomy) + postoperative RT or concurrent chemotherapy + radiotherapy. But there is a subset of population with carcinoma larynx in whom single modality treatment with radiotherapy or conventional partial laryngectomy may not be sufficient while total laryngectomy with postoperative radiotherapy may be overkill. In this subset of population supracricoid partial laryngectomy is the perfect answer which bridges the gap between partial laryngectomy and total laryngectomy. In addition to utilizing this procedure in the post-RT residual disease scenario the upfront performance of SCPL can also avoid adjuvant RT in many instances. Supracricoid partial laryngectomy is an organ preservation procedure in the true sense that it can achieve an oncological safe margin and also provide a high quality of life.
Chemoradiation for Laryngeal Cancer: Present Scenario
Authors: Gore Adwaita , Dwiwedi Pushkal , Dhabhar Boman , Saikia Tapan K 
Published: March 2011

AbstractThe management of locally advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx is complex. Data from recent clinical trials have refined the use of existing therapies, such as radiation therapy and chemotherapy, and providing new treatment options, such as cetuximab. Selecting the most appropriate treatment for an individual patient requires a multidisciplinary approach and careful assessment of the relative advantages and disadvantages of each treatment approach. Chemoradiation is more effective than conventional radiation therapy, but also more toxic. Cetuximab plus radiation therapy is more effective than radiation alone and does not substantially increase radiation-related toxicity. Multimodality approach for laryngeal cancer has shown better organ preservation rates and survival. Ideally, multidisciplinary teams should weigh all these factors when making individual treatment decisions. Data from current trials will help further optimize multimodality treatment for Laryngeal Cancer.
Rehabilitation after Total Laryngectomy
Authors: Hakeem Arsheed Hussain , Hakeem Imtiyaz Hussain , Garg Anubha 
Published: March 2011

Abstract
Comprehensive rehabilitation after total laryngectomy is more than just restoration of the voice alone. Due to central position in the upper aerodigestive tract, its removal requires rehabilitation of all three ‘systems’ depending on respiratory airflow, i.e. Voice, Pulmonary and Olfactory functions. Rehabilitation of speech takes preference, but pulmonary and olfactory rehabilitation require multidisciplinary team effort in order to achieve optimal results and good quality of life.
Oncological Outcome of Transoral Laser Surgery in Laryngeal Carcinomas
Authors: Sadick H , Hörmann K 
Published: March 2011

AbstractThe principles of treatment of laryngeal carcinoma have undergone changes over the last few years and can be very complex with early (I-II) and advanced (III-IV) stage diseases to be differentiated. Recent emphasis is on organ preservation and laryngeal function. Transoral CO2laser surgery has become a standard surgical procedure not only in early stage I and II laryngeal carcinomas but also in advanced stage III cases in combination with postoperative adjuvante radiochemotherapy. This retrospective study reflects the role of transoral laser surgery as a single or multimodality treatment regime with neck dissection and postoperative radiochemotherapy in laryngeal carcinomas.From January 1997 to February 2007, 239 patients (215 men and 24 women; mean age 61 years) were examined with laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (stage I-IV). 220 out of these 239 patients underwent transoral laser surgery, depending on their tumor stage either as a single or as a multimodality treatment regimen in combination with bilateral neck dissection and postoperative radio-chemotherapy. Thirteen patients underwent a transcervical tumor resection, 5 patients underwent radiochemotherapy alone and one patient refused a treatment of his tumor disease. Median follow-up time was 60 months.The 5-year overall survival rate of the 220 patients who were treated with laser surgery was 86%. The 5-year recurrence-free survival rate was 69.5%. After laser surgical interventions, postoperative complications occurred in 16%.The oncological outcome of transoral laser surgery as a single mode in early laryngeal carcinomas or in combination with bilateral neck dissection and postoperative adjuvant radiochemotherapy in advanced tumor stages is satisfying if clean surgical tumor margins (R0) can be reached. If tumor-free margins cannot be achieved (R1and R2resection) and transoral revision is not possible, transcervical procedures (total or partial laryngectomy) must be considered.
CO2 Laser Surgery for Early Laryngeal and Hypopharyngeal Cancer
Authors: Tubachi Jagadish , Kannan R , Hakeem Arsheed Hussain , Mehta Marzi , Pradhan Sultan A 
Published: March 2011

AbstractRecent years have seen paradigm shift in the treatment of early laryngeal tumors towards microscopic CO2laser resection because of excellent oncologic and functional results. The coupling of the carbon dioxide (CO2) laser to the operating microscope has greatly simplified, even revolutionized, microlaryngoscopic surgery. Focus is now not just on oncological outcome but also on preservation of vocal function. This results in a continuous conflict between the need to remove tissue for oncological stability and the need to preserve tissue for optimal vocal function.
Malignant Transformation of Nonirradiated Recurrent Juvenile Laryngeal Papillomatosis
Authors: Tubachi Jagadish , Hakeem Arsheed Hussain , Kumar Rajay Ramesh , Pawar Satish 
Published: March 2011

AbstractVery few cases of spontaneous malignant transformation of nonirradiated recurrent juvenile laryngeal papillomatosis (JLP) have been reported in literature. We document a case of invasive laryngeal carcinoma arising in pre-existing juvenile laryngeal papillomatosis. After multiple CO2Laser resections, a 29-year-old female, non-smoker, who had never received radiation therapy, developed a florid exophytic transglottic squamous cell carcinoma. Therefore, regular extensive biopsies and careful histopathological examination are required in cases of JLP. We also emphasize the need to maintain a high index of suspicion for malignant transformation in long standing cases.
Visual Function and Subjective Quality of Life in Chinese Cataract Patients after Implantation with Aspheric Intraocular Lenses
Authors: Fang Yanwen , Lu Yi , Wu Xinhua , Miao Aizhu , Luo Yi 
Published: March 2011

Purpose. To evaluate and compare the objective and subjective visual function after implantation of 2 aspheric intraocular lenses (IOLs) in Chinese cataract patients. Methods. Forty-one eyes of 28 patients with cataract were randomly assigned to receive either the MC X11 ASP IOL or the AcrySof IQ IOL. Three months postoperatively, best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), contrast sensitivity, wavefront aberrations, and subjective visual quality were measured. The degree of posterior capsule opacification (PCO) was recorded at last follow-up. Results. Postoperative mean monocular BCVA was 0.05±0.13 logMAR in the MC X11 group and 0.05±0.08 logMAR in the IQ group. There was no significant difference in visual acuity, contrast sensitivity, subjective visual quality, and degree of PCO between the 2 groups. For a 6-mm pupil diameter, the mean spherical aberration (Z40) was 0.075±0.076 μm in the MC X11 group and 0.056±0.111 μm in the IQ group. However, 45.5% and 57.9% of the eyes in the MC X11 and IQ groups had values >0.10 μm, respectively. The mean RMS values of the high-order aberrations were similar between the 2 groups except the higher fifth- and sixth-order aberrations, which were significantly higher in the MC X11 group. Conclusions. Both IOLs provided similar and good visual outcomes. However, the data suggest that the amount of negative spherical aberration generated by current available aspheric IOLs might not be optimal for Chinese eyes.
Cell Biological Analysis of DT40 Knockout Cell Lines for Cell‐Cycle Genes
Authors: Suzuki Aussie , Fukagawa Tatsuo 
Published: March 2011

AbstractDT40 is a chicken B cell line that has been widely used as a model for gene functional studies because the high level of homologous recombination in DT40 cells allows targeted disruption of a gene of interest. While our laboratory uses DT40 cells to understand kinetochore assembly and function, the approach is applicable to functional studies of other genes that are required for cell cycle progression. Protocols are presented for the creation of knockout cells and subsequent cell biological analyses for characterizing the phenotypes of these cells. Curr. Protoc. Cell Biol. 50:8.7.1‐8.7.17. © 2011 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
COS‐1 Cells as Packaging Host for Production of Lentiviruses
Authors: MacKenzie Crystal J. , Shioda Toshi 
Published: March 2011

AbstractWe present a protocol for in vitro production of recombinant lentiviruses using COS‐1 African green monkey kidney epithelial cells and HEK293T human embryonic kidney epithelial cells as packaging cells. COS‐1 and HEK293T express SV40 large T antigen, amplifying transfected circular plasmids harboring SV40 replication origin. Support protocols for evaluation of transfection efficiency by in situ β‐galactosidase enzyme activity assay and titer of infection‐capable virions are also provided. Advantages of using COS‐1 packaging cells over the standard HEK293T cells for contamination‐sensitive applications or automated processing are discussed. Curr. Protoc. Cell Biol. 50:26.7.1‐26.7.15. © 2011 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
β‐globin gene cluster haplotypes in sickle cell patients from Panamá
Authors: Rusanova Iryna , Cossio Gladys , Moreno Bélgica , Javier Perea F. , De Borace Rosaura G. , Perea Mauricio , Escames Germaine , Acuña‐Castroviejo Darío 
Published: March 2011

AbstractObjective: To analyze the frequency of the haplotypes of β‐globin gene cluster in randomly selected patients withsickle cell disease (SCD), attended in the Children's Hospital of Panama.Methods: Five polymorphic sites in the β‐globin gene cluster were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) followed by restriction digestion and agarose gel electrophoresis in a total of 100 patients, including 95 homozygous for HbS (sickle cell anemia) and 5 compound heterozygotes for HbS and HbC genes (HbSC disease).Results: The Bantu haplotype was predominant with a frequency of 51%, followed by the Benin (30%), Senegal (8.5%), and Cameroon (4%); other haplotypes were also identified. Genotype was CAR/CAR in 39 patients, BEN/BEN in 22, SEN/SEN in 6, CAM/CAM in 4, ARB/ARB in 1, CAR/BEN in 15, CAR/SEN in 5, CAR/Hp5 in 3, CAR/Hp1 in 1, BEN/Hp11 in 1, Atp Hp1/Hp1 in 2, and Atp Hp5/Hp5 in 1 individual. Hemoglobin concentrations, hematocrit, and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration values did not differ among homozygous forms of haplotypes. The mean HbF in all patients was 15.39 ± 1.21, whereas SEN/SEN patients had higher HbF than BEN/BEN patients (24.26 ± 4.18 vs. 13.17 ± 2.39, respectively, P < 0.05). The percentage of reticulocytes was highest in BEN/BEN and CAR/CAR, and it was associated with worst prognosis.Conclusion: The results show the presence of common βS haplotypes in Panama; the prevalence of African origin, and the similarity in the Panamanian and Colombian distribution of haplotypes. Am. J. Hum. Biol. 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Improvement of oxygen barrier of oriented polypropylene films coated by gravure ink‐containing nanoclays
Authors: Park Seok‐Hoon , Kim Seong Jin , Lee Hyun Soo , Choi Jae Hoon , Jeong Chang Myeong , Sung Myoung Hwan , Kim Dong Hyun , Park Hyun Jin 
Published: March 2011

AbstractThe feasibility of a gravure ink‐containing nanoclays as an alternative oxygen (O2) barrier material to oriented polypropylene (OPP) film was investigated. The gravure ink was effectively dispersed through the clay using an ultrasonic homogenizer. Barrier properties of OPP films coated by the gravure ink‐containing nanoclays were evaluated with respect to dispersion time, clay content, and different types of nanoclays (Cloisite Na+, Cloisite 25A, and Cloisite 30B). Barrier and morphology properties of the OPP films were tested by measuring selected film properties such as O2 transmission rate (OTR), and water vapor transmission rate, and by field emission scanning electron microscopy, X‐ray diffraction (XRD), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). OTR of control OPP film coated solely with gravure ink was 1653 cm3 m−2 day, while use of OPP films coated by the three different types of gravure ink‐containing nanoclays (nanoclay content: 1% w/w) reduced OTR by 12–37%. OTR values measured using the gravure ink‐containing modified montmorillonite (Cloisite 25A and Cloisite 30B) were markedly lower than measured by pristine gravure ink‐containing unmodified montmorillonite (Cloisite Na+). On the other hand, no remarkable differences were evident in the water vapor barrier performance of control OPP film and gravure ink‐containing nanoclay‐coated OPP film. As nanoclay content and dispersion time increased, OTR values of the OPP films coated by gravure ink‐containing nanoclays decreased. And the TEM and XRD observation indicated that intercalated and exfoliated types were generated. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011