bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Venous thromboembolism in patients with head and neck cancer after surgery
Authors: Thai Leo , McCarn Kate , Stott William , Watts Tammara , Wax Mark K. , Andersen Peter E. , Gross Neil D. 
Published: February 2012

AbstractBackgroundThe purpose of this study was to report the incidence of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in patients with head and neck cancer after surgery.MethodsThis was a single‐institution, retrospective cohort: 134 patients underwent resection and simultaneous microvascular reconstruction. The primary endpoint was identification of confirmed or suspicious VTE within 30 days of surgery.ResultsTwo subjects (1.4%) with confirmed VTE (1 pulmonary embolism, 1 deep venous thrombosis) and 6 subjects (4.4%) with suspicious VTE (1 acute respiratory failure, 1 sudden cardiac arrest, and 4 cases of leg edema without imaging) were identified. The strongest predictors of possible VTE were prior VTE (p = .004; odds ratio [OR], 25.11; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.13–556.40), red cell transfusion (p = .009; OR, 1.80; 95% CI, 1.16–2.80), high body mass index (p = .015, OR, 1.29, 95% CI, 1.05–1.58), and older age (p = .046; OR, 1.10; 95% CI, 1.00–1.19).ConclusionThe incidence of VTE in patients with head and neck cancer after resection and microvascular reconstruction ranged from 1.4% to 5.8%. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2013
Unilateral neck therapy in the human papillomavirus ERA: Accepted regional spread patterns
Authors: Galloway Thomas J. , Lango Miriam N. , Burtness Barbara , Mehra Ranee , Ruth Karen , Ridge John A. 
Published: February 2012

AbstractBackgroundThe purpose of this study was to determine whether the incidence of bilateral neck disease tonsillar cancer is rising.MethodsWe reviewed tonsillar cancer incidence data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Program of the National Cancer Institute.ResultsThe annual incidence of advanced neck disease (≥N2) with small primary tonsillar cancer is increasing (annual percent change [APC]; p < .05) during 2 evaluable time frames (1988–2003 and 2004–2008). The increase for small primary tonsillar cancer from 2004 to 2008 is associated with increased ipsilateral disease (ie, T1‐2N2a–b, APC 10.6%; p < .05) rather than bilateral neck disease (T1‐2N2c, APC 5.9%, APC = NS). The increase in bilateral neck disease is less than the overall rise in T1 to 2 tonsillar cancer (APC 7.2%; p < .05).ConclusionIn the human papillomavirus (HPV) era, bilateral neck disease is increasingly common. This seems to be a consequence of the increasing incidence of tonsillar cancer rather than a new biologic behavior. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2013
Increased radioresistance via G12S K‐Ras by compensatory upregulation of MAPK and PI3K pathways in epithelial cancer
Authors: Affolter Annette , Drigotas Martynas , Fruth Kai , Schmidtmann Irene , Brochhausen Christoph , Mann Wolf J. , Brieger Jürgen 
Published: February 2012

AbstractBackgroundIrradiation‐induced signaling via the 2 pathways, Raf‐MEK‐ERK and PI3K‐Akt, is known to be closely associated with a limited response to radiotherapy. In the present study we analyzed the relevance of constitutively active K‐Ras for postradiogenic pathway stimulation and the option of coordinated inhibition to overcome these rescue mechanisms.MethodsWe used 2 epithelial tumor cell lines as a model system, one of them harboring a G12S K‐Ras mutation. Cells were irradiated and the effect of combined treatment with ionizing radiation and inhibitors on the expression of pERK and pAkt was determined by Western blotting. Additionally, clonogenic assays were performed to functionally analyze survival of the cell lines.ResultsCompared with the nonmutated cells we observed the G12S cell line showing a clearly reduced response to inhibitor treatment under irradiation. In the case of pharmacologic inhibition of 1 of the pathways a compensatory upregulation of the second cascade leading to increased clonogenic survival seems feasible. However, there was a good functional response of this cell line to double inhibition with both compounds represented by minimized colony forming ability. The activation of ERK and Akt after irradiation was confirmed in xenotransplants showing elevated postradiogenic protein levels.ConclusionWith our data we confirmed our hypothesis of postradiogenic constitutive activation of the 2 pathways both required for Ras‐mediated radioresistance in epithelial cells. If this effect should prove itself as a general mechanism in Ras‐mutated tumors, application of specific inhibitors to block both cascades in parallel could contribute to enhance radiosensitivity in these types of cancer. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2013
Predictive factors for inadequate stem cell mobilization in Chinese patients with NHL and HL: 14‐year experience of a single‐center study
Authors: Han Xiaohong , Ma Li , Zhao Lingdi , He Xiaohui , Liu Peng , Zhou Shengyu , Yang Jianliang , Qin Yan , Yang Sheng , Yao Jiarui , Shi Yuankai 
Published: February 2012

AbstractBackground: Factors affecting progenitor cell mobilization in patients with non‐Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) and Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL) are incompletely understood. The aim of this retrospective study was to determine which factors are crucial for effective mobilization and collection of autologous peripheral blood stem cells (PBSC) prior to transplantation in Chinese patients. Patients and methods: A total of 239 patients with lymphoma (198 NHL and 41 HL patients) underwent PBSC collection after mobilization with granulocyte‐colony‐stimulating factor (G‐CSF) or G‐CSF plus chemotherapy priming. Results: Patient characteristics at diagnosis and transplant, including low Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group score (P = 0.013), lack of extranodal invasion (P = 0.034), previously administered radiotherapy regimens (P = 0.040), treatment with platinum prior to mobilization (P = 0.042), previous chemotherapy regimens (P = 0.001) and cycles (P < 0.001), and chemotherapy regimens (P < 0.001) were statistically significant for successful mobilization in multivariate analysis. Premobilization factors, including previous radiotherapy (P = 0.009), previous chemotherapy regimens (P = 0.043) and cycles (P = 0.039), low platelet count prior to mobilization (P = 0.042), and lower CD34+ cells in peripheral blood (PB) (P = 0.050) or bone marrow (BM) (P = 0.007) were considered possibly predictive of poor mobilization. We found the patients who had chemosensitive lymphoma had worse progress‐free survival (PFS) than the patients with initial treatment and high risks (P = 0.017). Conclusion: Our analysis showed that high amounts of chemotherapy, radiotherapy, low platelet count, chemosensitive recurrent patients, combination chemotherapy plus G‐CSF and low CD34+ cells in BM prior to mobilization could emerged as important predictive factors for mobilization failure in Chinese patients with NHL and HL. J. Clin. Apheresis, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Sensitivity of the Eastern Mediterranean geomorphic system towards environmental change during the Late Holocene: a chronological perspective
Authors: Dusar Bert , Verstraeten Gert , D'haen Koen , Bakker Johan , Kaptijn Eva , Waelkens Marc 
Published: February 2012

AbstractAlluvial and colluvial sediment deposition provide a vital record of environmental change during the Holocene. Firm chronological control on these archives is necessary to enable us to relate sediment dynamics to human activity and climate variability. In the Eastern Mediterranean, such relationships are hard to establish due to the lack of spatially well‐distributed sediment archives with good chronological control. This scarcity is problematic with respect to regional‐scale reconstructions of the temporal variation of sediment dynamics. Here, we present a radiocarbon database (n = 178) of geomorphological activity collected from multiple distinct sediment archives within the territory of Sagalassos in south‐western Turkey. The data were grouped according to their sedimentary facies for analysis using cumulative probability distributions (CPDs) and sedimentation rate (SR) modelling. Two small‐scale colluvial valleys, where chronological information was abundant, were investigated in more detail. Results show that sedimentation chronology differs between individual, nearby cores, as it depends strongly on the local geomorphic situation. A generalizing approach combining multiple core results yields more widely valid conclusions. High sedimentation rates coincided with the initial major anthropogenic disturbance of the landscape and decreased afterwards, probably due to hillslope soil depletion. CPD and SR analysis indicates that in general colluvial sedimentation rates did not change much from 2000 BC onwards. River floodplain sedimentation, in contrast, increased markedly during the first millennium BC and during recent times, and a significant time lag in enhanced sediment deposition between the upper and lower reaches of the river valleys was observed. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Maximal regularity with temporal weights for parabolic problems with inhomogeneous boundary conditions
Authors: Meyries Martin , Schnaubelt Roland 
Published: February 2012

AbstractWe develop a maximal regularity approach in temporally weighted Lp‐spaces for vector‐valued parabolic initial‐boundary value problems with inhomogeneous boundary conditions, both of static and of relaxation type. Normal ellipticity and conditions of Lopatinskii‐Shapiro type are the basic structural assumptions. The weighted framework allows to reduce the initial regularity and to avoid compatibility conditions at the boundary, and it provides an inherent smoothing effect of the solutions. Our main tools are interpolation and trace theory for anisotropic Slobodetskii spaces with temporal weights, operator‐valued functional calculus, as well as localization and perturbation arguments.
Transformation of Regioregular Organotitanium Polymers into Group 16 Heterole‐Containing π‐Conjugated Materials
Authors: Nishiyama Hiroki , Kino Tomoko , Tomita Ikuyoshi 
Published: February 2012

AbstractRegioregular organometallic polymers with titanacyclopentadiene units, obtained from terminal diynes and a low‐valent titanium complex, were subjected to reactions with disulfur dichloride and selenium (I) chloride to give π‐conjugated polymers with thiophene and selenophene units in the main chain in 63% and 86% yields. Their number‐average molecular weights were estimated as 4300 and 5700, respectively. Both polymers were found to be fully π‐conjugated and their HOMO energy levels were remarkably high (–5.3 eV and –5.0 eV for thiophene‐ and selenophene‐containing polymers, respectively) as supported by their UV‐vis absorption spectra and CV analyses.
Controlled Radical Polymerization Mediated by Amine–Bis(phenolate) Iron(III) Complexes
Authors: Allan Laura E. N. , MacDonald Jarret P. , Reckling Amy M. , Kozak Christopher M. , Shaver Michael P. 
Published: February 2012

AbstractTetradentate amine–bis(phenolate) iron(III) halide complexes containing chloro substituents on the aromatic ring are extremely efficient catalysts for controlled radical polymerization. Molecular weights are in good agreement with theoretical values and polydispersity indexes (PDIs) are as low as 1.11 for styrene and methyl methacrylate polymerizations. Complexes containing alkyl substituents on the aromatic ring are less efficient. Kinetic data reveal activity for styrene polymerization among the fastest reported to date and initial studies implicate a multimechanism system. Despite the highly colored polymerization media, simple work‐up procedures yield pure white polymers.
A new sequence for single‐shot diffusion‐weighted NMR spectroscopy by the trace of the diffusion tensor
Authors: Valette Julien , Giraudeau Céline , Marchadour Charlotte , Djemai Boucif , Geffroy Françoise , Ghaly Mohamed Ahmed , Le Bihan Denis , Hantraye Philippe , Lebon Vincent , Lethimonnier Franck 
Published: February 2012

AbstractDiffusion‐weighted spectroscopy is a unique tool for exploring the intracellular microenvironment in vivo. In living systems, diffusion may be anisotropic, when biological membranes exhibit particular orientation patterns. In this work, a volume selective diffusion‐weighted sequence is proposed, allowing single‐shot measurement of the trace of the diffusion tensor, which does not depend on tissue anisotropy. With this sequence, the minimal echo time is only three times the diffusion time. In addition, cross‐terms between diffusion gradients and other gradients are cancelled out. An adiabatic version, similar to localization by adiabatic selective refocusing sequence, is then derived, providing partial immunity against cross‐terms. Proof of concept is performed ex vivo on chicken skeletal muscle by varying tissue orientation and intra‐voxel shim. In vivo performance of the sequence is finally illustrated in a U87 glioblastoma mouse model, allowing the measurement of the trace apparent diffusion coefficient for six metabolites, including J‐modulated metabolites. Although measurement performed along three separate orthogonal directions would bring similar accuracy on trace apparent diffusion coefficient under ideal conditions, the method described here should be useful for probing intimate properties of the cells with minimal experimental bias. Magn Reson Med, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Die fabelhafte Welt der Allene
Authors: Krause Norbert 
Published: February 2012

AbstractDas kumulierte Doppelbindungssystem der Allene fasziniert Chemiker seit langem. Die hohe Reaktivität und die axiale Chiralität machen Allene zu Zielmolekülen und wertvollen Bausteinen für die Synthese komplexer Folgeprodukte.
Chemische Evolution auf der Vulkaninsel
Authors: Neubauer Uta 
Published: February 2012

AbstractWie im Chaos der Urerde komplexe Biomoleküle und schließlich die ersten Organismen entstanden, bleibt rätselhaft. Wissenschaftler der Universität Hohenheim favorisieren Vulkaninseln als Ursprungsort von Leben. Mit Laborexperimenten belegen sie ihre Theorie.
Technische Revolution und wirtschaftliche Reaktion
Authors: von Delft Stephan , Leker Jens 
Published: February 2012

AbstractBeim Zukunftstrend Elektromobilität erfährt die Batterietechnik viel Aufmerksamkeit. Übersehen wird dabei, dass hervorragende Batterietechnik zwar eine notwendige, aber keine hinreichende Bedingung für einen Erfolg im elektromobilen Markt der Zukunft ist.
Bor: Isotopenverhältnisse und die Herkunft einer Probe
Authors: Rosner Martin , Vogl Jochen 
Published: February 2012

AbstractDie Industrie nutzt die Borisotopenanalytik in nukleartechnischen Anwendungen. Umwelt‐ und Geo wissenschaften identifizieren anhand der Borisotopenverhältnisse Kontaminationsquellen und charakterisieren Mischungs‐ und Fraktionierungsprozesse. In der Lebensmittelanalytik dient der Parameter dazu, Herkunft und Anbauweise von Obst und Gemüse herauszufinden. Seit Kurzem gibt es dafür ein validiertes Verfahren und erste Referenzdaten.
Wirtschaftschemiker, berufsbegleitend
Authors: Leker Jens , Kehrel Uwe 
Published: February 2012

AbstractEin neues Fortbildungsprogramm der Gesellschaft Deutscher Chemiker vermittelt betriebswirtschaftliche Kenntnisse für die chemische Industrie. Es ist speziell für solche Naturwissenschaftler konzipiert, die bereits Berufserfahrung haben und sich für ihre weitere Karriere qualifizieren wollen.
Experimental analysis of a Fast Adaptive Composite‐based grid expansion scheme for open boundary problems
Authors: Ritter Daniel , Rüde Ulrich 
Published: February 2012

SUMMARYPoisson's equation on unbounded domains was solved with a hierarchical grid coarsening approach on the basis of Stephen F. McCormick's Fast Adaptive Composite grid method. We were especially interested in the efficient interface treatment that is enabled by regular stencils. The error behavior of a second‐order scheme was empirically analyzed for an exemplary setup from molecular dynamics. Comparisons with previous methods were also performed and showed that our approach is competitive. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Krylov‐accelerated algebraic multigrid for semi‐definite and nonsymmetric systems in computational fluid dynamics
Authors: Emans Maximilian 
Published: February 2012

SUMMARYThis article reports on experiences with aggregation algebraic multigrid relying on Krylov acceleration on each level of the grid hierarchy as preconditioners for linear systems in general purpose fluid flow simulation software. In benchmarks that reflect the requirements of industrial simulations, it is demonstrated that for semi‐definite problems, the performance of recently published algorithms of this type is very attractive but that proposed variants of these algorithms occasionally fail for nonsymmetric problems. A modification leading to reliable solvers is suggested. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Block preconditioners for finite element discretization of incompressible flow with thermal convection
Authors: Howle Victoria E. , Kirby Robert C. 
Published: February 2012

SUMMARYWe derive block preconditioners for a finite element discretization of incompressible flow coupled to heat transport by the Boussinesq approximation. Our techniques rely on effectively approximating the Schur complement obtained by eliminating the fluid variables to obtain an equation for temperature alone. Additionally, the method utilizes existing block‐structured preconditioners and multilevel methods for the Navier–Stokes equations and scalar convection–diffusion. We find that the preconditioner remains robust and scalable even when the subsolves are applied quite inexactly. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Algebraic multigrid for discontinuous Galerkin discretizations of heterogeneous elliptic problems
Authors: Bastian Peter , Blatt Markus , Scheichl Robert 
Published: February 2012

SUMMARYWe present a new algebraic multigrid (AMG) algorithm for the solution of linear systems arising from discontinuous Galerkin (DG) discretizations of heterogeneous elliptic problems. The algorithm is based on the idea of subspace corrections, and the first coarse level space is the subspace spanned by continuous linear basis functions. The linear system associated with this space is constructed algebraically using a Galerkin approach with the natural embedding as the prolongation operator. This embedding operator needs to be provided, which means that the approach is not fully algebraic. For the construction of the linear systems on the subsequent coarser levels, non‐smoothed aggregation AMG techniques are used. In a series of numerical experiments, we establish for the first time the efficiency and robustness of an AMG method for various symmetric and non‐symmetric interior penalty DG methods (including the higher‐order cases) on problems with complicated, high contrast jumps in the coefficients. The solver is robust with respect to an increase in the polynomial degree of the DG approximation space (at least up to degree 6), computationally efficient, and affected only mildly by the coefficient jumps and by the mesh size h (i.e., number of iterations = O(log h−1)). Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Population‐based survival for childhood cancer patients diagnosed during 2002–2005 in Shanghai, China
Authors: Bao Ping‐ping , Zheng Ying , Wu Chun‐xiao , Peng Peng , Gong Yang‐ming , Huang Zhe‐zhou , Fan Wu 
Published: February 2012

AbstractBackgroundThere have been no population‐based studies on cancer survival among children aged 0–14 years in China. In this study, we aimed to characterize the cancer survival among children in Shanghai.ProcedureChildhood cancer cases registered by the Shanghai Cancer Registry between 2002 and 2005 and enrolled in the Shanghai Childhood Survival Study were included in this study. We used Kaplan–Meier product‐limit method for survival analysis and Cox proportional hazards models for investigating the effects of various prognostic factors.ResultsThe median follow‐up time was 5.4 years (range 0–8.9 years). The 5‐year observed survival for all childhood cancers combined was 55.7% (95% CI: 51.7–59.6%). For leukemia, lymphoma, and central nervous system tumors, the three most common types of childhood cancer, 5‐year survival rates were 52.2%, 58.8%, and 41.2%, respectively. Higher 5‐year survival rates were observed for epithelial cancer (88.9%), malignant renal tumors (86.7%), germ cell and other gonadal tumors (78.4%), and retinoblastoma (75.0%). Cancers with poor prognosis included sympathetic nervous system tumors (57.9%), soft tissue sarcoma (54.1%), bone tumors (52.6%), and liver cancer (33.3%). There were no significant differences between survival rates by gender and age groups. Compared with those reported in the USA and Europe, the survival rates for all cancers combined and the three most common types in Shanghai were lower.ConclusionsThe survival rate for children aged 0–14 diagnosed with cancer in Shanghai during 2002–2005 was at the medium level. There was a substantial survival difference from childhood cancers between Shanghai and specific developed countries. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2012;59:657–661. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Feasibility, reliability, and validity of the pediatric quality of life inventory™ generic core scales, cancer module, and multidimensional fatigue scale in long‐term adult survivors of pediatric cancer
Authors: Robert Rhonda S. , Paxton Raheem J. , Palla Shana L. , Yang Grace , Askins Martha A. , Joy Shaini E. , Ater Joann L. 
Published: February 2012

AbstractBackgroundMost health‐related quality of life assessments are designed for either children or adults and have not been evaluated for adolescent and young adult survivors of pediatric cancer. The objective of this study was to examine the feasibility, reliability, and validity of the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQLTM) Generic Core Scales, Cancer Module, and Multidimensional Fatigue Scale in adult survivors of pediatric cancer.MethodsAdult survivors (n = 64; Mean age 35 year old; >2 years after treatment) completed the PedsQL™ Generic Core Scales, Cancer Module, and Multidimensional Fatigue Scale. Feasibility was examined with floor and ceiling effects; and internal consistency was determined by Cronbach's coefficient alpha calculations. Inter‐factor correlations were also assessed.ResultsSignificant ceiling effects were observed for the scales of social function, nausea, procedural anxiety, treatment anxiety, and communication. Internal consistency for all subscales was within the recommended ranges (α ≥ 0.70). Moderate to strong correlations between most Cancer Module and Generic Core Scales (r = 0.25 to r = 0.76) and between the Multidimensional Fatigue Scale and Generic Core Scales (r = 0.37 to r = 0.73).ConclusionsThe PedsQL™ Generic Core Scales, Cancer Module, and Multidimensional Fatigue Scale appear to be feasible for an older population of pediatric cancer survivors; however, some of the Cancer Module Scales (nausea, procedural/treatment anxiety, and communication) were deemed not relevant for long‐term survivors. More information is needed to determine whether the issues addressed by these modules are meaningful to long‐term adult survivors of pediatric cancers. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2012;59:703–707. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.