bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adaptable Polyurethane Networks Containing Tertiary Amines as Intrinsic Bond Exchange Catalyst
Authors: Schwarzer Lars , Agarwal Seema 
Published: June 2024

AbstractVitrimers exhibit unique properties, such as thermal recyclability akin to thermoplastics, while structurally mirroring thermosets in terms of strength, durability, and chemical resistance. However, a significant limitation of these materials is their dependence on an external catalyst. Consequently, this research aims to develop vitrimer materials that incorporate an intrinsic catalyst, thus maintaining excellent thermomechanical properties and recyclability. Polyaddition polymerization is employed to synthesize the desired polymer, incorporating a self‐synthesized tertiary amine unit, (bis(2‐hydroxyethyl)‐3,3′‐((2‐(dimethylamino)ethyl)azanediyl)dipropanoate) (N‐diol), as an internal catalyst for transcarbamoylation and potential transesterification reactions. The resulting polymer, with a gel content of 97% and a glass transition temperature of 29 °C, is fabricated into test samples for comprehensive thermal and mechanical evaluations. The material demonstrates an initial Young's modulus of 555 MPa, retaining 81% of this value after two recycling processes. Additionally, using stress relaxation analysis (SRA), a topology freezing temperature of 82 °C, indicative of the characteristic Arrhenius‐like relaxation behavior, is identified with a bond exchange activation energy of 163 kJ mol−1.
Does cuteness enhance luxury brand equity? Exploring the effect of perceived uniqueness
Authors: Li Yuan , Eastman Jacqueline 
Published: June 2024

AbstractCuteness is a feature of a variety of products and is common in marketing communications. Despite its popularity among mainstream brands, there is limited academic attention to cuteness in the context of luxury brands. While cuteness and luxury may appeal to different customers, luxury brands sometimes incorporate cuteness in their product design or brand communication. The potential impact of cuteness on luxury brand equity warrants investigation. Across four experiments with 662 participants, this research examines the effect of cuteness on luxury brand equity. Results show that cuteness enhances luxury brand equity through perceived uniqueness, as cuteness is less commonly associated with luxury brands. However, this positive effect only exists for traditional luxury brands, not for masstige or mass consumer brands. This research advances the literature on cuteness, particularly regarding its implications for luxury brands, and offers insights for luxury brand managers.
Myricanol prevents aging‐related sarcopenia by rescuing mitochondrial dysfunction via targeting peroxiredoxin 5
Authors: Shen Shengnan , Liao Qiwen , Lyu Peng , Wang Jigang , Lin Ligen 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAging is a process that represents the accumulation of changes in organism overtime. In biological level, accumulations of molecular and cellular damage in aging lead to an increasing risk of diseases like sarcopenia. Sarcopenia reduces mobility, leads to fall‐related injuries, and diminishes life quality. Thus, it is meaningful to find out novel therapeutic strategies for sarcopenia intervention that may help the elderly maintain their functional ability. Oxidative damage‐induced dysfunctional mitochondria are considered as a culprit of muscle wasting during aging. Herein, we aimed to demonstrate whether myricanol (MY) protects aged mice against muscle wasting through alleviating oxidative damage in mitochondria and identify the direct protein target and its underlying mechanism. We discovered that MY protects aged mice against the loss of muscle mass and strength through scavenging reactive oxygen species accumulation to rebuild the redox homeostasis. Taking advantage of biophysical assays, peroxiredoxin 5 was discovered and validated as the direct target of MY. Through activating peroxiredoxin 5, MY reduced reactive oxygen species accumulation and damaged mitochondrial DNA in C2C12 myotubes. Our findings provide an insight for therapy against sarcopenia through alleviating oxidative damage‐induced dysfunctional mitochondria by targeting peroxiredoxin 5, which may contribute an insight for healthy aging.
Multi‐omics analysis reveals a crosstalk between ferroptosis and peroxisomes on steatotic graft failure after liver transplantation
Authors: Liu Zhengtao , Zhu Hai , Zhao Junsheng , Yu Lu , Que Shuping , Xu Jun , Geng Lei , Zhou Lin , Valenti Luca , Zheng Shusen 
Published: June 2024

AbstractTo identify the mechanism underlying macrosteatosis (MaS)‐related graft failure (GF) in liver transplantation (LT) by multi‐omics network analysis. The transcriptome and metabolome were assayed in graft and recipient plasma in discovery (n = 68) and validation (n = 89) cohorts. Differentially expressed molecules were identified by MaS and GF status. Transcriptional regulatory networks were generated to explore the mechanism for MaS‐related inferior post‐transplant prognosis. The differentially expressed molecules associated with MaS and GF were enriched in ferroptosis and peroxisome‐related pathways. Core features of MaS‐related GF were presented on decreased transferrin and impaired anti‐oxidative capacity dependent upon dysregulation of transcription factors hepatocyte nuclear factor 4A (HNF4A) and hypoxia‐inducible factor 1A (HIF1A). Furthermore, miR‐362‐3p and miR‐299‐5p inhibited transferrin and HIF1A expression, respectively. Lower M2 macrophages but higher memory CD4 T cells were observed in MaS‐related GF cases. These results were validated in clinical specimens and cellular models. Systemic analysis of multi‐omics data depicted a panorama of biological pathways deregulated in MaS‐related GF. Transcriptional regulatory networks centered on transferrin and anti‐oxidant responses were associated with poor MaS graft quality, qualifying as potential targets to improve prognosis of patients after LT.
Cardio‐respiratory motion compensation for coronary roadmapping in fluoroscopic imaging
Authors: Chen Ying , Ai Danni , Yu Yang , Fan Jingfan , Yu Wenyuan , Xiao Deqiang , Lin Yucong , Yang Jian 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundInferring the shape and position of coronary artery poses challenges when using fluoroscopic image guidance during percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) procedure. Although angiography enables coronary artery visualization, the use of injected contrast agent raises concerns about radiation exposure and the risk of contrast‐induced nephropathy. To address these issues, dynamic coronary roadmapping overlaid on fluoroscopic images can provide coronary visual feedback without contrast injection.PurposeThis paper proposes a novel cardio‐respiratory motion compensation method that utilizes cardiac state synchronization and catheter motion estimation to achieve coronary roadmapping in fluoroscopic images.MethodsFor more accurate cardiac state synchronization, video frame interpolation is applied to increase the frame rate of the original limited angiographic images, resulting in higher framerate and more adequate roadmaps. The proposed method also incorporates a multi‐length cross‐correlation based adaptive electrocardiogram (ECG) matching to address irregular cardiac motion situation. Furthermore, a shape‐constrained path searching method is proposed to extract catheter structure from both fluoroscopic and angiographic image. Then catheter motion is estimated using a cascaded matching approach with an outlier removal strategy, leading to a final corrected roadmap.ResultsEvaluation of the proposed method on clinical x‐ray images demonstrates its effectiveness, achieving a 92.8% F1 score for catheter extraction on 589 fluoroscopic and angiographic images. Additionally, the method achieves a 5.6‐pixel distance error of the coronary roadmap on 164 intraoperative fluoroscopic images.ConclusionsOverall, the proposed method achieves accurate coronary roadmapping in fluoroscopic images and shows potential to overlay accurate coronary roadmap on fluoroscopic image in assisting PCI.
Factors influencing imaging clinical decision‐making in low back pain management. A scoping review
Authors: Tanner Luke , Saywell Nicola L. , Adams Thomas , Niazi Imran Khan , Hill Julia 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe use of diagnostic imaging in low back pain (LBP) management is often inappropriate, despite recommendations from clinical practice guidelines. There is a limited understanding of factors that influence the imaging clinical decision‐making (CDM) process.AimExplore the literature on factors influencing imaging CDM for people with LBP and consider how these findings could be used to reduce inappropriate use of imaging in LBP management.DesignScoping review.MethodThis review followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review extension for scoping reviews. A digital search was conducted in Medline, the Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Scopus, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials for eligible studies published between January 2010–2023. Data reporting influences on imaging CDM were extracted. Data were then analysed through an inductive process to group the influencing factors into categories.ResultsAfter screening, 35 studies (5 qualitative and 30 quantitative) were included in the review, which reported factors influencing imaging CDM. Three categories were developed: clinical features (such as red flags, pain, and neurological deficit), non‐modifiable factors (such as age, sex, and ethnicity) and modifiable factors (such as beliefs about consequences and clinical practice). Most studies reported non‐modifiable factors.ConclusionsThe results of this scoping review challenge the perception that imaging CDM is purely based on clinical history and objective findings. There is a complex interplay between clinical features, patient and clinician characteristics, beliefs, and environment. These findings should be considered when designing strategies to address inappropriate imaging behaviour.
Prevalence, predictive factors, and outcomes of refeeding syndrome among medically critically ill patients: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Tongyoo Surat , Rawangban Pratya , Naorungroj Thummaporn 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundRefeeding syndrome (RFS) is a life‐threatening metabolic derangement occurring when nutrition is reintroduced after prolonged starvation. Limited data exist regarding RFS prevalence, risk factors, and outcome, particularly in critically ill patients.MethodsA retrospective cohort study was conducted in a medical intensive care unit from June 2018 to August 2020. RFS diagnostic criteria from the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) and the American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition (ASPEN) were used. The primary outcome was 30‐day mortality.ResultsAmong 216 patients, RFS was diagnosed in 22.7% and 27.3% of patients per the NICE and ASPEN criteria, respectively. There was no significant difference in 30‐day mortality between patients with and without RFS (22/59 [37.3%] vs 53/157 [33.8%]; P = 0.627). Independent predictors of RFS were malignancy (odds ratio [OR] = 2.09; 95% CI = 1.06–4.15; P = 0.035), septic shock (OR = 2.26; 95% CI = 1.17–4.39; P = 0.016), and high NICE RFS risk classification (OR = 2.52; 95% CI = 1.20–5.31; P = 0.015). Factors associated with reduced RFS risk were Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) scores >12 (OR = 0.45; 95% CI = 0.23–0.88; P = 0.020) and high‐dose vasopressor treatment (OR = 0.34; 95% CI = 0.14–0.79; P = 0.012).ConclusionRFS affected one‐fourth of the critically ill patients but did not significantly impact 30‐day mortality. Malignancy, septic shock, and high NICE RFS risk classification were positively associated with RFS, whereas high SOFA scores and extensive vasopressor use were linked to decreased risk.
Malnutrition prevalence in hospitalized pediatric patients: A comparison of national and World Health Organization growth standards
Authors: Göktaş Özben Akıncı , Tutar Engin , Büyükeren Melek , Akın Yasemin 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of the study was to investigate the frequency of malnutrition in hospitalized children and compare national growth standards with World Health Organization (WHO) standards.MethodsAfter obtaining height, weight, and mid‐upper arm circumference values for 250 children aged 1 month to 5 years, nutrition status was assessed separately according to Neyzi and WHO standards. Weight‐for‐age z score (WAZ), weight‐for‐height z score (WHZ), height‐for‐age z score (HAZ), and mid‐upper arm circumference z score (MUACz) were calculated based on age. Patients with WHZ < −2 were considered to have acute malnutrition, while those with HAZ < −2 were considered to have chronic malnutrition per WHO's definition.ResultsAccording to the WHO and Neyzi standards, the z scores were as follows: WAZ (−0.53 ± 1.54/−0.61 ± 1.52), HAZ (−0.42 ± 1.61/−0.45 ± 1.38), WHZ (−0.33 ± 1.26/none), MUACz (−0.58 ± 1.31/none). The difference between WAZ scores for the two standards was highly significant (P = 0.0001), whereas the difference between HAZ scores didn't reach statistical significance (P = 0.052). In our study when evaluated according to WHO standards, the prevalence of acute and chronic malnutrition was 9.6% and 13.6%, respectively. The prevalence of chronic malnutrition in those aged <2 years was higher than in the 2–5 years age group (16.8% and 4.5%, respectively; P = 0.012).ConclusionThere were highly significant differences in the assessment of malnutrition between the WHO and national Neyzi according to WAZ standards, contradicting the claim that WHO curves can be universally applicable. The high rates of acute and chronic malnutrition in our study indicate that malnutrition remains a significant nutrition problem in our country.
Exploring the properties of gelatin/chitosan bioaerogel scaffolds: Toward ultra‐light and highly porous materials
Authors: Saleh Wafa Mustafa , Yahya Esam Bashir , Ahmad Mardiana Idayu , Khalil H. P. S. Abdul 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis study investigates the development and characterization of chitosan, gelatin, and chitosan/gelatin (Chi/Gel) bioaerogel composites through a facile and eco‐friendly approach. The goal is to optimize their structural and functional properties for potential environmental and biomedical applications. Direct freezing and lyophilization approach were used to prepare the aerogels, the focus was on investigating the effects of blending ratios on the density, porosity, surface area, and water absorption capabilities of the aerogels. The results show that Chi/Gel 60/40 composition achieved an optimal balance of structural robustness and functional performance, characterized by a moderate density of 74.2 mg/cm3, the highest porosity among the samples at 93.5%, an impressive surface area of 184.8 m2/g, and a water absorption capacity of 28.8 g/g. These results suggest that the synergistic effect of chitosan and gelatin at specific ratios significantly enhances the overall properties of the material. Our findings suggest that Chi/Gel bioaerogels, especially the 60/40 composite, hold great promise for diverse applications.Highlights
All Gelatin/Chitosan bioaerogels exhibited high porosity and low density.
The Chi/Gel 60/40 mix achieved the highest porosity and surface area.
Highest water adsorption was observed in the Chi/Gel 60/40 composite.
Synergistic effects enhanced properties of the Gelatin/Chitosan scaffolds.
Incidence and management of the main serious adverse events reported after COVID‐19 vaccination
Authors: Padilla‐Flores Teresa , Sampieri Alicia , Vaca Luis 
Published: June 2024

AbstractCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2n first appeared in Wuhan, China in 2019. Soon after, it was declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization. The health crisis imposed by a new virus and its rapid spread worldwide prompted the fast development of vaccines. For the first time in human history, two vaccines based on recombinant genetic material technology were approved for human use. These mRNA vaccines were applied in massive immunization programs around the world, followed by other vaccines based on more traditional approaches. Even though all vaccines were tested in clinical trials prior to their general administration, serious adverse events, usually of very low incidence, were mostly identified after application of millions of doses. Establishing a direct correlation (the cause‐effect paradigm) between vaccination and the appearance of adverse effects has proven challenging. This review focuses on the main adverse effects observed after vaccination, including anaphylaxis, myocarditis, vaccine‐induced thrombotic thrombocytopenia, Guillain–Barré syndrome, and transverse myelitis reported in the context of COVID‐19 vaccination. We highlight the symptoms, laboratory tests required for an adequate diagnosis, and briefly outline the recommended treatments for these adverse effects. The aim of this work is to increase awareness among healthcare personnel about the serious adverse events that may arise post‐vaccination. Regardless of the ongoing discussion about the safety of COVID‐19 vaccination, these adverse effects must be identified promptly and treated effectively to reduce the risk of complications.
A bootstrapping method to optimize go/no‐go decisions from single‐arm, signal‐finding studies in oncology
Authors: Dutta Raunak , Mohan Aparna , Buros‐Novik Jacqueline , Goldmacher Gregory , Akala Omobolaji O. , Topp Brian 
Published: June 2024

AbstractPhase Ib trials are common in oncology development but often are not powered for statistical significance. Go/no‐go decisions are largely driven by observed trends in response data. We applied a bootstrapping method to systematically compare tumor dynamic end points to historical control data to identify drugs with clinically meaningful efficacy. A proprietary mathematical model calibrated to phase Ib anti–PD‐1 therapy trial data (KEYNOTE‐001) was used to simulate thousands of phase Ib trials (n = 30) with a combination of anti–PD‐1 therapy and four novel agents with varying efficacy. A redacted bootstrapping method compared these results to a simulated phase III control arm (N = 511) while adjusting for differences in trial duration and cohort size to determine the probability that the novel agent provides clinically meaningful efficacy. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis showed strong ability to separate drugs with modest (area under ROC [AUROC] = 83%), moderate (AUROC = 96%), and considerable efficacy (AUROC = 99%) from placebo in early‐phase trials (n = 30). The method was shown to effectively move drugs with a range of efficacy through an in silico pipeline with an overall success rate of 93% and false‐positive rate of 7.5% from phase I to phase III. This model allows for effective comparisons of tumor dynamics from early clinical trials with more mature historical control data and provides a framework to predict drug efficacy in early‐phase trials. We suggest this method should be employed to improve decision making in early oncology trials.
A Quantum Technology for Reinforcement Learning on Channel Assignment
Authors: Chen Zengjing , Wang Lu , Xing Chengzhi 
Published: June 2024

AbstractProspective application of quantum technologies for reinforcement learning (RL) is an exciting surge in quantum fields. Quantum random number generators (QRNGs) produce high‐frequency random bits, with advantages of true randomness and device independence over pseudo‐random numbers. This work explores a new approach, called the quantum random numbers for multi‐armed bandit (QRN‐MAB) algorithm, for multi‐user access in wireless communication system upon random bits. The primary objective of the algorithm is to attain a stable assignment state without further exchange. QRN‐MAB utilizes random bits to learn channel features and conducts concurrent exchange to attain stability. This work finds that the intrinsic randomness property used in QRN‐MAB enables arrangement to maintain high accuracy and outperforms other classical algorithms. Additionally, the algorithm exhibits strong adaptability when the environment changes over time and quantum random numbers are advantageous over other pseudo‐random methods in achieving the target. This work provides an effective way for quantum technologies applications in RL and unfolds a promising avenue to stabilize assignment among multiple users.
Measurement‐Device‐Independent Quantum Secret Sharing
Authors: Cai Xiao‐Qiu , Li Shuang , Liu Zi‐Fan , Wang Tian‐Yin 
Published: June 2024

AbstractQuantum secret sharing has many important applications in quantum communication and secure multiparty computing. In this work, a novel measurement‐device‐independent protocol for three‐party quantum secret sharing is put forward, in which the dealer and two sharers are required to prepare Greenberger‐Horne‐Zeilinger states and single particles, respectively, but they only need to perform single‐particle measurement. As a result, this protocol is feasible in experiments by using current technologies. More importantly, it can extend the spatial distance among three participants for quantum state transmissions at least 15.47% compared to the previous protocols.
Command filter‐based adaptive fixed‐time control for uncertain nonlinear systems with prescribed performance and actuator fault
Authors: Yu Guo , Liu Wenhui 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis article proposes a tracking control strategy based on fixed‐time for uncertain nonlinear systems with prescribed performance and actuator faults. Fuzzy logic systems are used to model unknown functions with uncertainties or fuzzy parameter features. The improvement of the conventional backstepping method through the introduction of command filtering technology has effectively addressed the challenge of a sharp increase in computational complexity during controller design. Additionally, a mechanism for error compensation has been established to mitigate the potential impact of errors that may arise during the filtering process on the system. Then, a new fixed‐time performance function is introduced into the adaptive backstepping method to ensure that the tracking signal with output error converges to an arbitrarily small neighborhood within a fixed time. Additionally, in order to enhance the tracking performance of the control method, the controller algorithm incorporates fault‐tolerant control based on the fixed‐time performance function. Finally, a numerical simulation of a power system with a static reactive power compensation device is presented, and demonstrate the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed control algorithm.
Decentralized periodic event‐triggered control for smart water distribution systems via digital twin approach
Authors: Fu Anqi , Qiao Renlu , Wu Zhiqiang 
Published: June 2024

AbstractDecentralized periodic event‐triggered control can reduce the working time and data transmissions in the sensor nodes for feedback control loops, making it suitable for wireless networked control systems, especially those with large physical scales, such as smart water distribution systems. However, the design of this control approach requires accurate system model, which is normally difficult to obtain. In this work, we assume a digital twin of the original system can be obtained by some modeling and simulation tools, for example, Simscape in MATLAB/Simulink for water distribution systems, and thus present an event‐triggered controller design approach. We first present the design of such an event‐triggered controller for the digital twin; and then analyze the condition under which if both the original system and its digital twin can be satisfied, the same controller can work for the original system and some type of stability can be guaranteed at the same time. The proposed approach is applied in a smart water distribution system to show the feasibility.