bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Graphene optical phase modulators through quasi-bound states in the continuum
Authors: Wang Hong , Wang Jieliang , Sun Boyuan , Song Ge , Men Dandan 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Spatial light modulators (SLMs), which control the amplitude, phase, and polarization of light are the core components of many optical applications. Integrating graphene with dielectric metasurfaces supporting quasi-bound states in the continuum (quasi-BIC) offers potential advantages of low energy consumption, high speed, and small size of modulators. In this paper, we propose a modulator with a 2π phase shift, by transforming the coupled system from an underdamped resonator to an overdamped one by tuning the Fermi level of graphene through simulation. Additionally, we demonstrate the application of this device in one-bit programmed holography. The proposed modulator with its combined advantages of low power consumption and compact footprint, enables fruitful applications in holographic display, beam steering in light detection, ranging and biomedical imaging systems.
Analysis of a novel 3D autonomous system with intermittent chaos and its finite-time sliding mode synchronization
Authors: Yan Shaohui , Wu Xinyu , Zhang Hanbing , Jiang Jiawei , Zhang Jiandong , Guo Zihao 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
By improving the Bao system, a new 3D autonomous chaotic system is obtained. This paper analyses the phase diagram, bifurcation diagram, Lyapunov exponents, and complexity of the new system, revealing its rich dynamical behaviours. The new system exhibits extreme sensitivity to both parameters and initial conditions. Specifically, the phenomena of transient chaos, intermittent chaos, and coexisting attractor are discussed. Furthermore, to verify the practical feasibility of the new system, an analogue simulation circuit is designed, and the digital circuit is implemented using the Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA). The experimental results show that the simulation and actual circuit implementation are consistent with the theoretical analysis, verifying the system’s stability and feasibility. Finally, an improved nonlinear integral Sliding Mode (SM) surface is constructed, and a SM controller is designed based on this surface to achieve synchronous control of chaotic systems with external perturbations. The simulation results align with the theoretical analysis, demonstrating that the proposed SM control method has good control performance and is well-suited for practical applications.
Dual-domain image encryption scheme based on fractional wavelet transform and hyperchaotic system
Authors: Liu Ziyun , Li Chunmeng , Zhang Chenyang , Yang Xiaozhong 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This paper presents a novel dual-domain encryption scheme that integrates hyperchaotic system with the fractional wavelet transform (FRWT). To enhance the security of the algorithm, a new two-dimensional cosine-coupled Logistic-Cubic mapping (2D-CLCM) is developed, which exhibits hyperchaotic characteristics across an extensive parameter range. By utilizing keys generated from plaintext-related SHA algorithm, the 2D-CLCM produces highly sensitive chaotic sequences for the encryption process. Improved scrambling and diffusion methods based on the FRWT are also proposed. Initially, a folded coding process is designed in the spatial domain, which decomposes the plaintext image into two smaller complex-valued images through pixel resampling and diagonal phase encoding. This process scrambles the image while reducing the computational load for subsequent stages. Next, the random phase mask is applied to perform FRWT decomposition on the complex-valued images. This step converts the images into the fractional wavelet domain, which helps in sparsifying and obscuring their pixel values. Finally, the proposed distribution-based diffusion method employs a uniform random matrix to conceal the distribution characteristics of the images’ fractional wavelet coefficients, ultimately reconstructing the images into an encrypted form. Security analysis results demonstrate that the ciphertext images effectively resist various attacks. Compared to other methods in the experiment, the proposed algorithm excels in both security and efficiency.
Assessment of battery energy storage uses in microgrid operation under varied demand uncertainties through a machine learning based stochastic optimization approach
Authors: Patty Sukriti , Malakar Tanmoy 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The sustainability of Microgrid (MG) relies on improving reliability through effective energy management strategies. However, the presence of volatile Renewable Energy Sources (RES) and uncertain energy demand pose serious challenges. Although integrating Battery Energy Storage Systems (BES) is a promising solution, the utilization of BES under uncertain operating conditions remains underexplored. Given this, the present study aims to investigate BES operational behavior while minimizing the overall MG operation cost under varied operating conditions. Also, it evaluates the impact of prediction accuracy on overall MG operation costs and DER operation. Here, a Machine Learning (ML) -based Gaussian Process Regression (GPR) is utilized for predicting the volatile RES power output while the uncertain energy demand is estimated with Monte Carlo Simulation (MCS).The problem is formulated as a cost-minimization problem and solved using the physics-based Artificial Electric Field Algorithm (AEFA) at different MG operating conditions. Results show that MG operation cost varies approximately by 5%, with demand variations around the mean, and BES energy contribution is 1.3 times higher for the case with additional thermal load. Moreover, analysis confirms that the BES depreciation cost is faster with a lower initial State of Charge (SOC), and the proposed strategy ensures a higher SOC by day’s end. Additionally, GPR’s applicability is validated through comparison with the Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU), revealing lower BES depreciation and MG operation costs due to higher prediction accuracy. Further, a comparative analysis with 2m Point Estimate Method is done to highlight the superiority and robustness of the proposed approach.
High-speed full-color single-pixel imaging based on spatiotemporal multiplexing
Authors: Liu Chao , Wei Hong-Da , Zhao Ru , Zhao Xiao-Hui , Zhang Su-Heng 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
We present a full-color single-pixel imaging (SPI) system based on a commercial digital light processing (DLP) projector. By utilizing the side-by-side 3D and pulse width modulation (PWM) features of the DLP projector, the spatiotemporal multiplexing technology is effectively incorporated into the SPI system, enabling full-color image reconstruction with Hadamard basis patterns display at 120 frames per second in each color channel. By utilizing the PWM features of the DLP projector, signal tracking and identification are integrated into one color channel, thus incurring no additional temporal overhead. The experimental results demonstrated that the total imaging time for a full-color image with a resolution of

128
×
128

pixels is approximately 330 s. We provide an economical and efficient SPI solution, which is ideally suited for proof-of-principle and exhibition applications. Our solution also offers insights for other projector-based systems.
A novel multi-step methodology for stochastic simulation of streamflow time series using PcStream clustering
Authors: Balaram Shalini , Srivastav Roshan , Srinivasan K 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
A novel PcStream clustering-based single-site stochastic model is introduced for the simulation of daily streamflow time series. The PcStream clustering algorithm effectively manages real-time temporal data clusters and adjusts to concept drifts, enabling refined streamflow categorisation that accurately includes high values without misclassification. The methodology followed by the proposed model involves a series of steps that begin with fitting kappa and Generalized Extreme Value GEV distributions to model daily variations and extreme values, followed by clustering data using the PcStream algorithm. A Markov chain model regenerates cluster series while the nearest neighbour approach fills them with historical data. Additionally, flow series are classified into rising, falling or constant phases, and then flows are simulated using parametric distribution to reproduce observed dynamics in synthetic streamflow accurately. The methodology was tested by comparing the statistics of observed and simulated flows comparing five gage stations in the Pacific Northwest basin. The results confirm that the model successfully reproduces key aspects of streamflow, including seasonal patterns, low flows, autocorrelations, and flow duration curves. It also reproduces the basic statistics on daily, monthly and annual time scales well. The proposed streamflow model demonstrated exceptional accuracy with percent bias (PBIAS) ranging from −0.41% to +0.33% across all stations. The Index of Agreement (d) values were consistently high (0.93–1.00), while MAE varied from 458 to 37,361 cfs and RMSE from 805 to 56,042 cfs, with larger errors corresponding to stations with higher mean flows. The model effectively captured both low flows (7Q10) and high flows across stations ranging from small catchments (105 sq mi) to major catchments (59,700 sq mi), handling flow ranges spanning four orders of magnitude (0.3 to 492,000 cfs). It effectively captures the nuances of streamflow pulses through explicit modelling of different flow phases. The efficacy of the proposed model is also brought out through a comparison with the hybrid Modified Continuous Time Markov Chain (MCTMC) model .
Overcoming sparse datasets with multi-task learning as applied to high entropy alloys
Authors: Debnath Arindam , Reinhart Wesley F 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The design of novel High Entropy Alloys for use in high-temperature applications is an area of active interest due to their potential to provide exceptional properties compared to conventional alloys. Since the increased popularity of machine learning, an important cog in the design process has been training surrogate models on alloy properties. However, these Single-Task models are trained on individual mechanical properties and do not take advantage of the relatedness between properties. Multi-Task models can capture the interdependencies between tasks, leading to potentially more accurate predictions for all tasks. In this paper, we investigate if Multi-Task models can show improvement over Single-Task models when used for predicting the mechanical properties of these alloys. To ensure fair evaluation between the models, we apply L
0 regularization and skip connections to the models, which allows them to adjust the number of model parameters and depth for optimal performance. We find that the Multi-Task models can leverage task relationships to perform better than Single-Task models, especially for high amounts of missing data in the tasks. Furthermore, adding simple auxiliary targets can boost Multi-Task performance even further despite not being effective as input descriptors to single-task models themselves. We anticipate that the proposed strategies can achieve more accurate predictions and consequently enable better design capabilities for such data-constrained domains without incurring much additional computational cost.
Readers of the Lost Ark
Authors: McGeough Kevin M 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The Ark of the Covenant is the sacred chest that God commanded Moses to build when He appeared on Mount Sinai. According to the Bible, the Israelites carried the Ark with them as they wandered in the wilderness and entered the Promised Land. After the Temple of Solomon was erected, the Ark was kept in an inner sanctum of that structure where God made His divine presence felt to the Israelites. The Old Testament is unclear about what happened to the Ark after the destruction of the Temple and offers ambiguous accounts of its function. Despite (or because of) this ambiguity, the Ark continues to hold an important place in Jewish and Christian tradition, even in its absence. It has been imagined and reimagined by various communities and is perhaps best known to nonspecialists today as the object sought by Indiana Jones in Raiders of the Lost Ark. This book explores these diverse interpretations of the Ark of the Covenant, from ancient times to the present, in forms ranging from biblical literature, theological discourse, formal artwork, popular film, children’s toys, travel souvenirs, biblical wax museums, faith-healing events, and alternative histories. It recounts stories of people who have sought to find the Ark of the Covenant and examines how the Ark takes on new meanings in Europe, North America, East Asia, Ethiopia, and the modern Middle East.
Introduction
Authors: McGeough Kevin M 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The book begins with an autoethnographical account of the author’s first experiences thinking about the Ark after seeing Raiders of the Lost Ark and how that mirrors many others’ first encounters with it. The chapter argues that the Ark is something of greater interest to nonspecialists than to biblical scholars. Because it is described so vividly in the Bible, it is easy to imagine what the Ark would have looked like. Yet what the Ark “did” is somewhat ambiguous, and that ambiguity has left much room for interpretation. Different communities have been able to imagine their own “Arks,” and while what they have imagined the Ark to look like is consistent among interpretive communities, what the Ark “means” has varied dramatically. The Ark has become a metasymbol with variant meanings, but it bears connotations of antiquity, divinity, and power.
Rethinking the Ark without the Temple
Authors: McGeough Kevin M 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Chapter 3 examines what the Ark came to mean in Judaism and Christianity in the postbiblical era. It starts by discussing how the Ark continued to be a meaningful symbol in Judaism after the destruction of the Temple in Jerusalem. It debates the possibility that the Torah Ark in synagogues explicitly emerged in synagogue architecture in reference to the Ark. The second half of the chapter focuses on early Jewish and Christian writers, exploring how the Ark was understood in the new theological and philosophical systems of the first few centuries of the Common Era. Also discussed in this chapter are the different theories these ancient writers offer on what happened to the Ark.
Toys and Teaching Tools
Authors: McGeough Kevin M 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Chapter 7 discusses contemporary material engagements with the Ark: how people interact with models of the Ark, as toys, as travel souvenirs, as recreated objects in museums, and in contemporary Evangelical church experiences. The theoretical theme of this chapter is how people make sense of the Ark, the past, and their world, through engagement with objects. Building off of anthropological models such as “thing theory,” how different communities use various kinds of models of the Ark for communication, education, identity formation, religious experience, and play are explored here. The chapter especially concentrates on film fandom cultures, tourism, and new religious movements.
The Romance of Solomon and Sheba
Authors: McGeough Kevin M 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The Ethiopian Christian tradition that the Ark has been held in a chapel in Aksum (Our Lady Mary of Zion) for the past three thousand years is the subject of this chapter. It discusses the history of Christianity in Ethiopia, as well as the history of this particular church (contextualizing it within Ethiopian religious traditions). It examines the Kebra Nagast, the Ethiopian account of a dalliance between King Solomon and the Queen of Sheba, which led to her bearing his child, who later became the king of Ethiopia. This son, Menelik, according to the tradition, traveled to Israel to meet his father and returned to Ethiopia with the Ark of the Covenant, where it has been said to reside ever since. The chapter contextualizes this tradition within the context of Ethiopian religion and the dynastic politics that make claims to biblical lineages meaningful. It ends with a discussion of issues surrounding repatriation.
Bibliographic Essay
Authors: McGeough Kevin M 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The book includes a bibliographic essay, organized according to each chapter of the book. The essay provides information about sources used directly in each chapter and also suggests avenues for further reading. It is aimed primarily at student researchers or for those academics who wish to begin studies of subjects outside of their direct field of interest. The discussion of the individual sources indicates the technical background needed to work with some of them and provides suggestions for introductory-level readings. The essays also offer further background on the history of scholarship beyond the comments made in the body of the book.
The Bird in Glee: On the Nonsemantic
Authors: Stewart Susan 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This chapter takes up various accounts of nature from philosophers from ancient Greece to the twentieth century. The process philosophy of Alfred North Whitehead, with its concept of nature as event, serves as an important paradigm for thinking about poetry as an art form straining toward that which cannot be perceived, that which is intuited and not merely reasoned. Stewart explores poetic engagement with birdsong to consider the ways in which poets explore the nonsemantic, the rhythmic, and even the meaningless as ways of approaching that which cannot be cognized. The use of nonsense and macaronic verse in traditional English refrains reveals some surprising connections between human language and the language learning of other species.
Behavioural changes in frontotemporal dementia and their cognitive and neuroanatomical correlates
Authors: Rouse Matthew A , Husain Masud , Garrard Peter , Patterson Karalyn , Rowe James B , Lambon Ralph Matthew A 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Behavioural changes are a central feature of frontotemporal dementia (FTD); they occur in both behavioural-variant (bvFTD) and semantic dementia (SD)/semantic-variant primary progressive aphasia subtypes. In this study, we addressed two current clinical knowledge gaps; (i) are there qualitative or clear distinctions between behavioural profiles in bvFTD and SD, and (ii) what are the precise roles of the prefrontal cortex and anterior temporal lobes in supporting social behaviour? Resolving these conundrums is crucial for improving diagnostic accuracy and for the development of targeted interventions to treat challenging behaviours in FTD. Informant questionnaires to assess behavioural changes included the Cambridge Behavioural Inventory-Revised and two targeted measures of apathy and impulsivity. Participants completed a detailed neuropsychological battery to permit investigation of the relationship between cognitive status (including social-semantic knowledge, general semantic knowledge and executive function) with behaviour change in FTD. To explore changes in regional grey matter volume, a subset of patients had structural MRI. Diagnosis-based group comparisons were supplemented by a transdiagnostic approach which encompassed the spectrum of bvFTD, SD and “mixed” or intermediate cases. Such an approach is sensitive to the systematic graded variation in FTD and allows the neurobiological underpinnings of behaviour change to be explored across an FTD spectrum. We found a wide range of behavioural changes across FTD. Although quantitatively more severe on average in bvFTD, as expected, the item-level analyses found no evidence for qualitative differences in behavioural profiles or “behavioural double dissociations” between bvFTD and SD. Comparisons of self and informant ratings revealed strong discrepancies in the perspective of the caregiver versus patient. Logistic regression revealed that neuropsychological measures had better discriminative accuracy for bvFTD versus SD than caregiver-reported behavioural measures. A principal component analysis of all informant questionnaire domains extracted three components, interpreted as reflecting: (1) apathy, (2) challenging behaviours and (3) activities of daily living. More severe apathy in both FTD subtypes was associated with (a) increased levels of impaired executive function and (b) anterior cingulate cortex atrophy. Questionnaire ratings of impaired behaviour did not correlate with either anterior temporal lobe atrophy or degraded social-semantic knowledge. Together, these findings highlight the presence of a wide range of behavioural changes in both bvFTD and SD, which vary by degree rather than quality. We recommend a transdiagnostic approach for future studies of the neuropsychological and neuroanatomical underpinnings of behavioural deficits in FTD.
Retinal microstructure and microvasculature in association with brain amyloid burden
Authors: Egle Marco , Hamedani Ali G , Deal Jennifer A , Ramulu Pradeep Y , Walker Keenan A , Wong Dean F , Sharett A Richey , Abraham Alison G , Gottesman Rebecca F 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Cortical amyloid burden is associated with neuronal and vascular abnormalities. The retina shares significant structural and physiological similarities with the brain. This study assessed the association of retinal microstructural and microvascular signs with cortical amyloid burden in the prospective Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities-Positron Emission Tomography study. One hundred and twenty-four participants without a diagnosis of dementia underwent florbetapir PET (2011–13) and optical coherence tomography and optical coherence tomography angiography imaging (2017–19). Retinal nerve fibre thickness, total macular thickness and the ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer thickness were derived from the optical coherence tomography scan. Vessel density and the foveal avascular zone were measured on the 3 × 3 mm2 optical coherence tomography angiography scan. Amyloid burden, defined by global cortical standardized uptake value ratio, was treated as a dichotomous (standardized uptake value ratio &gt; 1.2) and continuous outcome measure in logistic and robust linear regression models, respectively. Only lower intermediate capillary plexus vessel density [β (95% confidence interval) = −0.05 (−0.12, −0.01)] was significantly associated with increased continuous amyloid standardized uptake value ratio but not elevated dichotomous amyloid burden independently of demographic, genetic and vascular risk factors. No other retinal measure showed a significant association. Microvascular signs may accompany greater amyloid burden in late life in individuals without dementia.