bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigating The Potential of Recycled Steel Fibers in Concrete
Authors: Hasan Kazi Shahariar , Ra Kazi Md. Mostafizur , Biswas Ayon , Karmoker Uday , Chowdhury Sharmin Reza 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Concrete is a fundamental material in civil engineering, ubiquitous in construction projects due to its low cost and versatility. However, its inherent brittleness makes it susceptible to abrupt failure under tension, despite its high compressive strength. To address this limitation, various reinforcement techniques have been developed, including Fiber-Reinforced Concrete (FRC). FRC integrates randomly dispersed fibers into the concrete matrix to control hairline cracks and enhance mechanical properties. Steel Fiber-Reinforced Concrete (SFRC) is a notable method wherein short steel fibers are added to the mix. These fibers, with lengths ranging from 15 mm to 70 mm and aspect ratios (AR) from 20 to 100, improve impact resistance, flexural strength, and other desirable properties. This study investigates the use of recycled steel fibers in concrete, aiming to develop an eco-friendly and high-performance construction material. Recycled fibers, sourced from scrap yards, smelters, and other facilities, were analyzed for their mechanical behavior in comparison to conventional concrete. Laboratory tests revealed that an optimal dosage of 1–1.5% of recycled steel fibers with an aspect ratio around 75 improves concrete strength. After casting and testing concrete cylinders and beams, it was observed that strength initially increased up to 1.5% fiber dosage but then plateaued or decreased. This reduction in strength beyond 1.5% may be attributed to decreased concrete cohesiveness and disturbance introduced by the recycled steel fibers. Thus, careful consideration of fiber dosage is crucial for optimizing concrete performance.
Optimizing Data Exploration: Unifying Clustering and Association Rule Extraction
Authors: Fakir youssef 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

The extraction of association rules remains a crucial strategy in data analysis, particularly in the context of massive datasets. This method unveils complex relationships, correlations, and meaningful patterns within vast datasets, providing essential insights for decision-making and understanding behaviors. Our approach stands out through the use of clustering algorithms for intelligent data partitioning. This strategic choice establishes a robust foundation for efficient association rule extraction. By organizing data specifically through clustering techniques before applying the extraction algorithm, we aim to optimize the relevance and significance of the discovered rules.
Structure preferred spinel ferrite on polypyrrole derived N-doped carbon nanofibers as bifunctional electrocatalyst for Zn-air battery
Authors: Shi Yang , Xu Xinxin , Chen Jin 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

The exploration of noble metal free bifunctional oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) electrocatalysts is very important for Zn-air batteries (ZABs). Spinel ferrites are famous bifunctional ORR/OER electrocatalysts. Herein, to further improve their ORR and OER activities, we anchor CoFe2O4 on N-doped carbon nanofibers (NCNF) derived from polypyrrole (PPy) and obtain CoFe2O4 loaded NCNF (CoFe2O4@NCNF). In its structure, CoFe2O4 particles with small size distribute evenly on NCNF. The combination of CoFe2O4 and NCNF generates excellent ORR activity with typical four-electron character in both alkaline and neutral electrolyte. In OER, the activity of CoFe2O4@NCNF is also excellent. To explore the superior ORR and OER activities of CoFe2O4@NCNF over other spinel ferrites, theoretical calculation was employed. A rechargeable ZAB is constructed with CoFe2O4@NCNF as cathode material. The specific capacity and energy density of this ZAB reach 807.4 mA·h·g− 1 and 963.6 Wh·kg− 1 at 10 mA·cm− 2, respectively. ZAB can keep stable after continuous charge/discharge test for 120 h. This work not only provides an efficient and low cost cathode material for ZABs, but also clarifies the structure-activity relationship in ORR/OER for spinel ferrites.
Quantifying Soil Erosion Dynamics in Subansiri river, Assam, India using RUSLE Model
Authors: Dutta Borneeta , Srivast Pankaj Kumar , Boruah Annapurna 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Soil erosion has grown to be a significant problem as a result of land deterioration, increased agricultural production, and other human influences. Every year, Subansiri river in Assam, India which is amongst the largest tributaries of the massive river Brahmaputra continues to see extensive erosion. The present research adopted the empirical approach Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) to determine soil losses along the Subansiri river of Assam, India. The RUSLE approach is formulated upon the assessment of soil loss per unit area and considers a number of different factors, including rainfall erosivity factor (R), soil erodibility factor (K), topography factor (LS), cover and management factor (C), and conservation practices factor (P). In a GIS setting, the RUSLE factors were determined. It is seen that the RUSLE model yields soil erosion rate to be between 0 and 591.05 t ha-1yr-1. Approx. 20 million t yr-1 of soil are lost annually from the research region. Seven categories were used to categorise the different levels of soil erosion from very severe (0.02%), severe (35.14%), very high (25.16%), high (23.12%), moderate (5.02%), low (4.82%) and very low (6.73%). The final result demonstrates that majority of soil erosion takes place in the north and north western regions, which are also areas of high slope angles, and along the Subansiri river and its channels. Therefore, controlling soil erosion in the study region would improve water quality, decrease flood risk and support sustainable agriculture.
Water structure and local potential distribution at Pt surface in alkaline cation mediated hydrogen evolution regulable by electric field
Authors: Tao Junguang , Ding Pengbo , Xing Dan , Chang Pu , Guan Lixiu , Zhang Shuo , Li Zhuoao , Zhang Yunfei , Jia Minghao 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

The impact of alkaline media on hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) rate and selectivity is crucial for advancement of water electrolysis technology. Herein, we revealed the mechanism through which alkali metal cations (AM+) influence HER performance of Pt electrodes. We quantified the interfacial potential drops, which are regulatable by E-field and found that the local surface concentration of AM+ is 5.0 ~ 8.6 times higher than in the bulk solution. Decreasing AM+ concentration through reverse E-field disrupts adsorbate-surface interactions and boosts HER activity without affecting hydrogen binding energetics and kinetics. Complexes of OHδ−-(H2O)x-AM+ are formed near the interface, impacting intermediate product detachment. The presence of AM+ also plays a role in restructuring interfacial water and improving proton transfer efficiency. For Li+, the reorientation of O-H bonds towards Pt surface facilitates the HER process. These findings shed light on potential avenues for enhancing the efficiency of HER processes.
Migration of Population with Spatially Heterogeneous Stationary Population Size
Authors: Ainbinder Roman , Rassadin Alexander 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

The article proposes a mathematical model to describe the migration process of a certain population. This model is reduced to the Cauchy problem for some quasi-linear partial differential equation. The peculiarity of this model is that the dependence of its coefficient on the spatial coordinates is interpreted as a spatial heterogeneity of the stationary population size due to various natural or man-made factors. The article provides an exact solution to this Cauchy problem for an arbitrary stationary population size. In addition, this solution has been concretized for two qualitively different types of dependence of the stationary population size on the spatial coordinate, namely, for both step-like and hill-like stationary population sizes. It turned out that these concrete solutions are expressed through higher transcendental functions. Nevertheless, by selecting special relations between the parameters of the problem, in this case it was possible to circumvent the use of higher transcendental functions and obtain exact solutions to the model explicitly in terms of elementary functions. With the help of the obtained exact solutions of the proposed model, an extensive program of computational experiments has been implemented.
Evaluating the knowledge of a segment of Syrian society about breast cancer and the risk factors that predispose to it
Authors: Almedani Mhd Saleh , Husri Mhd Subhi , Almardine Heba 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers in women and the second most important cause of cancer-related deaths among them. This research aims to evaluate the knowledge of a population of Syrian society about breast cancer and its predisposing factors Information obtained from different segments of society (other than the medical community) helps in designing better targeted and more successful awareness campaigns.The participants answering the questionnaire were 280 participants, including 47.9% males and 52.1% females. The majority of them were under 30 years old (75.4%), 80.7% were university educated, and 65% were non-smokers. The chi-square test on correlation between male and female participants and other demographic information was studied,To evaluate participants' knowledge about breast cancer and their different sources of information, the percentage was calculated and the chi-square correlation was studied with male and female participants. The percentage of participants who heard about breast cancer from various sources (p-value = 0.076), mainly from the Internet, reached 58.6%. To confirm the validity of participants' information about breast cancer, their knowledge about risk factors that increase the risk of breast cancer was assessed; “Having breast cancer within one family, taking hormonal medications, having children at an early age, early menopause, having children at a late age”; While the factors that reduce the risk of infection are “regular exercise and sports, eating vegetables, breastfeeding.” The factors that increase the risk of breast cancer are “life pressures, a stressful lifestyle, eating fatty foods, smoking,” while having children at an early age reduces the risk of breast cancer.Males’ knowledge about breast cancer is no less significant than females’ knowledge, so we must constantly strive to intensify awareness campaigns by the World Health Organization and educate the entire community about the importance of early detection of breast cancer and increasing the chances of survival.
Diagnostic difficulties in SSPE with IgG Measles Antibody and Unpredictable Psychiatric Presentations – A Case Report
Authors: Kumar Amit 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

SSPE is a rarely encountered neuropsychiatric disorder. Diagnosis rests on laboratory findings and clinical presentations. Sometimes, SSPE may mimic common psychiatric illnesses and pose diagnostic difficulties. I am reporting a case where initial presentations of the patient prompted us to work up on the line of SSPE but later turned out to be bipolar depression.
COUNT ALBEMARLE – INITIATOR OF SANCTIONS AGAINST RUSSIA DURING THE CRIMEAN WAR
Authors: Склярова Е.К. 
Published: June 2024

В статье рассматриваются особенности жизни и деятельности графа Албемарла – инициатора введения санкций против России в период Крымской войны. Актуальность исследования его деятельности обусловлена необходимостью её изучения в контексте деятельности британского парламента, эволюции санкций, Крымской войны и внешней политики Великобритании. Различные аспекты международных отношений и Крымской войны являются объектом исследований в университетах России и Британии. Однако в российской историографии нет комплексных исследований, посвящённых деятельности этого влиятельного политика, а также проблеме санкций. Делается вывод, что, будучи прагматиком, граф поддержал мнение Торгового совета Великобритании, что морская блокада портов России и Чёрного моря была неэффективна в годы Крымской войны. Учитывая совершенствование транспортной системы, хранения и транспортировки продуктов питания, он считал фарсом невыгодную для предпринимателей Великобритании морскую блокаду, которая провоцировали Пруссию на вступление в Крымскую войну. Для Великобритании было бессмыслицей терять свои доходы и торговлю, а Россия могла бы обойтись без экспорта Англии. Граф считал, что трудности с поставками русского сала, конопли или льна, которые стали объектом санкций, не могли конкурировать с кровью его соотечественников, пролитой в период Крымской войны.
The article examines the features of the life and work of Count Albemarle, the initiator of the imposition of sanctions against Russia during the Crimean War. The relevance of the study of his activities is due to the need to study it in the context of the activities of the British Parliament, the evolution of sanctions, the Crimean War and British foreign policy. Various aspects of international relations and the Crimean War are the subject of research at universities in Russia and Britain. However, there are no comprehensive studies in Russian historiography devoted to the activities of this influential politician, as well as the problem of sanctions. It is concluded that, being a pragmatist, the count supported the opinion of the British Trade Council that the naval blockade of the ports of Russia and the Black Sea was ineffective during the Crimean War. Given the improvement of the transport system, storage and transportation of food, he considered the naval blockade, unprofitable for British entrepreneurs, to be a farce, which provoked Prussia to join the Crimean War. It was nonsense for Great Britain to lose its income and trade, and Russia could have done without England's exports. The count believed that the difficulties with the supply of Russian lard, hemp or flax, which became the object of sanctions, could not compete with the blood of his compatriots shed during the Crimean War.
NOTE FROM THE EDITORS
Authors: Гаврилов С.Н. 
Published: June 2024

Восьмой выпуск альманаха «Британские исследования», который наш дорогой читатель держит в руках, является продолжением устоявшейся в научных кругах серии. По уже сложившейся печальной традиции каждый очередной сборник выходит в свет в довольно сложный для исторической науки период. И этот выпуск – не исключение.
The eighth issue of the almanac "British Studies", which our dear reader holds in his hands, is a continuation of a series that has become established in scientific circles. According to the already established sad tradition, each new collection is published in a rather difficult period for historical science. And this issue is no exception.
High-pressure phase transition in clinochlore: IIa polytype stabilization
Authors: Soldavini Benedetta Chrappan , Comboni Davide , Hanfland Michael , Merlini Marco 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Structural variations of natural clinochlore with pressure have been studied by in situ single-crystal X-ray diffraction (XRD) in a diamond-anvil cell in the pressure range 0–20 GPa at room temperature. High-resolution XRD data allowed for the identification of a polytypic phase transition at about 9 GPa. Around 4.32(5) GPa, the unit-cell parameters exhibited a significant deviation from linear behavior, particularly the c and β values, abruptly interrupted when the phase transition occurs. XRD patterns showed a drastic reduction of diffuse scattering due to the stabilization of the high-pressure structure, suggesting that the atomic reorganization of the layers led to a disorder reduction. The phase transition showed complete reversibility during the experiment. Ab initio structural refinements identified the transition as polytypic, from the initial IIb-4 triclinic polytype (space group C1) to the IIa-1 monoclinic structure (space group C2/m), with unit-cell parameters a = 5.2058(6) Å, b = 9.0208(4) Å, c = 13.560(7) Å, β = 97.34(3)°. The latter was theoretically derived in the 1960s as the least stable chlorite polytype but has never been observed in natural chlorites. The phase transition also has a significative effect on the bulk modulus, with a reduction from K0 = 81.2(13)t to K0 = 56.0(6) GPa for the high-pressure structure. An isothermal run at 600 K from ambient pressure to 14 GPa showed the same phase transition at 7.8(5) GPa. Its occurrence at lower pressures suggests a negative P/T slope for the transition. Therefore, at high-temperature and high-pressure conditions compatible with impact phenomena, the polytypic phase transition could prevent chlorite from early destabilization and dehydration.
Recent Advancements in the Diagnosis and Management of Cancer
Using Biomaterials-Fabricated Nanofibers: A Review
Authors: Basu Biswajit , Dutta Ayon , Ash Dipanjana , Garala Kevinkumar , Singh Sudarshan , Prajapati Bhupendra G 
Published: June 2024

Abstract:
ified via either the growth of malignant tumours or colonisation of nearby
tissues attributing to uncontrollable proliferation and division of cells promoted by several influential factors, including family history, exposure to pollutants, choice of lifestyle,
and certain infections. The intricate processes underlying the development, expansion,
and advancement of cancer are still being studied. However, there are a variety of therapeutic alternatives available for the diagnosis and treatment of cancer depending on the
type and stage of cancer as well as the patient’s individuality. The bioactive compoundsfortified nanofiber-based advanced therapies are revolutionary models for cancer detection and treatment, specifically targeting melanoma cells via exploring unique properties, such as increased surface area for payload, and imaging and bio-sensing capacities
of nano-structured materials with minimal damage to functioning organs. The objective
of the study was to gain knowledge regarding the potentiality of Nanofibers (NFs) fabricated using biomaterials in promoting cancer management along with providing a thorough overview of recent developmental initiatives, challenges, and future investigation
strategies. Several fabrication approaches, such as electrospinning, self-assembly, phase
separation, drawing, and centrifugal spinning of bio-compatible NFs along with characterization techniques, have been elaborated in the review.
The Role of miRNAs in Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
Authors: Hu Wenlong , Huang Weiyi , Ji Wei , Sun Jun 
Published: June 2024

Abstract:
Subarachnoid hemorrhage is a serious subtype of stroke with high mortality
and disability. The rupture of intracranial aneurysms is the main cause. However, in
recent years, with the popularization of CT, MRI, and cerebral angiography, the
detection rate of unruptured aneurysms has increased, and the incidence of aneurysm
rupture and hemorrhage has gradually decreased. However, there are still some
patients who fail to detect aneurysms in time and receive treatment, resulting in the
occurrence of aneurysm rupture and bleeding, and these patients usually have a poor
prognosis and leave a lasting disability. Therefore, exploring the causes of aneurysm
formation and the mechanism of brain injury caused by aneurysm rupture is of great
significance for preventing aneurysm formation and improving the prognosis of
patients. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are highly conserved non-coding RNAs that can bind
to the 3'UTR of target mRNAs to regulate gene expression. Studies have shown that
miRNAs can affect the formation and rupture of intracranial aneurysms by participating
in apoptosis, inflammation, phagocyte migration, and vascular smooth muscle cells
(VSMCs) regulation, and regulate the damage of brain tissue after aneurysm rupture.
They play a role in multiple pathophysiological processes of aneurysmal subarachnoid
hemorrhage. This article reviews the role of miRNAs in different pathophysiological
stages of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH). We further described the
research progress of miRNAs as biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of aSAH
and discussed their application prospects in the prevention and treatment of aSAH.
Evaluation of the Anticarcinogenic and Cytotoxicity Effects of Small Gold Nanorods Against Gliomablast Cell Lines in an In vitro Model
Authors: Ozer S. , Kelleci K. , Canim-Ates S. , Canbek C. 
Published: June 2024

Objectives:
The study aimed to evaluate the cytotoxicity and anticancer potential of gold
nanorods (GNRs) synthesized using hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide capped seed (CTAB) on
L929 fibroblast cells and glioma cells.

Methods:
Gold nanorods were synthesized through the CTAB method, and their characterization
was conducted using UV-Vis spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), and
scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The MTT cell viability assay was employed to assess the cytotoxic
and anticancer effects of the synthesized gold nanorods on L929 fibroblast cells and glioma
cells.

Results:
Analysis results revealed that the synthesized gold nanorods had an average size of 6.4 nm
and rod-like morphology, with an absorbance peak of 836 nm. The quantity of synthesized GNRs
was calculated to be 3.63 μM. Cytotoxicity analysis showed an IC50 value of 1.29 μM for L929
fibroblast cells and 1.26 μM for C6 glioma cells, indicating significant cytotoxic effects. Treatment
with GNRs induced apoptosis in glioma cells and inhibited their proliferation, suggesting potential
anticancer activity.

Conclusion:
The findings suggest that GNRs hold promise as effective agents for cancer therapy.
Further research is warranted to elucidate the precise mechanisms underlying their anticancer effects
and to explore their potential clinical applications in cancer treatment.
Adipose-derived Stem Cells Antagonize Fibrotic Response of Keloid-derived Fibroblasts
Authors: Nukui Yuki , Hasegawa Toshio , Wada Akino , Maeda Yuichiro , Ikeda Shigaku 
Published: June 2024

Background
Keloid is an excessive fibrotic condition that results in excessive deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM), mainly composed of collagen. Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) is a cytokine involved in keloid development by stimulating ECM production and fibrosis. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent non-hematopoietic progenitor cells that regulate the immune response. Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs), which are MSCs, are present in the stromal portion of the adipose tissue and are accessible for clinical use.

Objective
This study aimed to investigate the effects of ADSCs on the fibrotic responses of keloid-derived fibroblasts.

Methods
Keloid-derived fibroblasts cultured in the presence of transforming growth factor-β-1 (TGF-β1) were co-cultured with ADSCs. Immunofluorescence microscopy, real-time polymerase chain reaction, and western blotting were performed to determine the expression levels of smooth muscle protein 22-α (SM22α), type I collagen (COL1), TGF-β1, matrix metallopeptidase 2 (MMP2), SMAD2, SMAD3, platelet-derived growth factor receptor α (PDGFRα), and TGF-β receptor type-1 (TGFβR1). Keloid-derived fibroblast-embedded collagen gel contraction assay was also performed.

Results
Keloid-derived fibroblasts express SM22α, COL1, TGF-β1, MMP2, SMAD2, SMAD3, PDGFRα, and TGFβR1. TGF-β1 increased their expression levels, whereas ADSCs significantly suppressed them. TGF-β1 induced the contraction of keloid-derived fibroblast-embedded collagen gel, whereas ADSCs significantly inhibited it.

Conclusion
ADSCs antagonize the fibrotic effects of TGF-β on keloid-derived fibroblasts and may be a therapeutic agent for keloids. ADSCs may also suppress keloid development during normal wound healing.