bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploring the twin potential of nanostructured TiO2:SeO2 as a promising visible light photocatalyst and selective fluorosensing platform
Authors: Sharma Aarti , Sharotri Nidhi , Kandwal Pankaj , Sharma Rakesh Kumar , Sud Dhiraj , Rai Ritu , Hnydiuk-Stefan Anna 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The present work describes the development of TiO2/SeO2 nanostructure as a potential candidate for visible light photocatalysis as well as selective fluorophore for the sensing of picric acid. The obtained nanostructure consists of uniform globular nanoparticles having approximate size of 170 nm and possess an optical band gap of 2.33 eV with absorption maxima at 473 nm. The photocatalyst was able to achieve 90.34% degradation efficiency for 2, 4-dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP) with rate constant of 0.0046 min−1 in the visible region. Further the nanostructure was able to serve as a selective fluorophore for sensing of Picric acid portraying more than 95% of fluorescence quenching when the concentration of PA is 10–4 M. Theoretical calculations indicate the interaction of organic pollutants with the nanostructure and reveal that both picric acid (− 66.21 kcal/mol) and 2,4-DCP (− 12.31 kcal/mol) possess more negative binding energy values demonstrating a strong interaction of both with the nanostructure, making it suitable for the degradation as well as sensing of organic pollutants. Thus this study explains the potential of prepared catalyst for waste water treatment.
PDE1B, a potential biomarker associated with tumor microenvironment and clinical prognostic significance in osteosarcoma
Authors: Chen Qingzhong , Xing Chunmiao , Zhang Qiaoyun , Du Zhijun , Kong Jian , Qian Zhongwei 
Published: June 2024

AbstractPDE1B had been found to be involved in various diseases, including tumors and non-tumors. However, little was known about the definite role of PDE1B in osteosarcoma. Therefore, we mined public data on osteosarcoma to reveal the prognostic values and immunological roles of the PDE1B gene. Three osteosarcoma-related datasets from online websites were utilized for further data analysis. R 4.3.2 software was utilized to conduct difference analysis, prognostic analysis, gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA), nomogram construction, and immunological evaluations, respectively. Experimental verification of the PDE1B gene in osteosarcoma was conducted by qRT-PCR and western blot, based on the manufacturer's instructions. The PDE1B gene was discovered to be lowly expressed in osteosarcoma, and its low expression was associated with poor OS (all P < 0.05). Experimental verifications by qRT-PCR and western blot results remained consistent (all P < 0.05). Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses indicated that the PDE1B gene had independent abilities in predicting OS in the TARGET osteosarcoma dataset (both P < 0.05). GSEA revealed that PDE1B was markedly linked to the calcium, cell cycle, chemokine, JAK STAT, and VEGF pathways. Moreover, PDE1B was found to be markedly associated with immunity (all P < 0.05), and the TIDE algorithm further shed light on that patients with high-PDE1B expression would have a better immune response to immunotherapies than those with low-PDE1B expression, suggesting that the PDE1B gene could prevent immune escape from osteosarcoma. The PDE1B gene was found to be a tumor suppressor gene in osteosarcoma, and its high expression was related to a better OS prognosis, suppressing immune escape from osteosarcoma.
Enhancement of aerodynamic performance of axial compressors utilizing natural aspiration through optimized casing circumferential slot
Authors: Nejad Peyman Ghashghaie , Zenouz Reza Taghavi 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis paper presents results of aerodynamic enhancement of axial compressors utilizing optimum natural aspiration through a circumferential slot made within the casing wall upstream the rotor blades row. The method of investigation is based on numerical simulation of flow field. Geometries of the slot walls were optimized to find the maximum stall margin and pressure ratio of the compressor. The optimum case is accompanied by boosting more momentum within the blades tip region through the slot. Consequently, tip leakage vortex flow weakens and compressor stability margin increases. Final results showed that in comparison to the untreated casing, the optimum geometry of the slot causes the total pressure ratio and stall margin to increase by 4.2% and 3%, respectively. This state-of-the-art technique is simple and economic which can be easily implemented in practical cases while the compressor is exposed to commencement of flow instabilities in the forms of the rotating stall or surge phenomena.
Intraluminal oxygen can keep small bowel mucosa intact in a segmental ischemia model
Authors: Trentadue Guido , Mensink Peter B. F. , Kruse Claudius , Reszel Bernward , Kats-Ugurlu Gursah , Blokzijl Tjasso , Haveman Jan Willem , Faber Klaas Nico , Dijkstra Gerard , Hölscher Uvo M. , Kolkman Jeroen J. , Knichwitz Gisbert 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIntestinal preservation for transplantation is accompanied by hypoperfusion with long periods of ischemia with total blood cessation and absolute withdrawal of oxygen leading to structural damage. The application of intraluminal oxygen has been successfully tested in small-animal series during storage and transport of the organ but have been so far clinically unrelatable. In this study, we tested whether a simple and clinically approachable method of intraluminal oxygen application could prevent ischemic damage in a large animal model, during warm ischemia time. We utilised a local no-flow ischemia model of the small intestine in pigs. A low-flow and high-pressure intraluminal oxygen deliverance system was applied in 6 pigs and 6 pigs served as a control group. Mucosal histopathology, hypoxia and barrier markers were evaluated after two hours of no-flow conditions, in both treatment and sham groups, and in healthy tissue. Macro- and microscopically, the luminal oxygen delivered treatment group showed preserved small bowel’s appearance, viability, and mucosal integrity. A gradual deterioration of histopathology and barrier markers and increase in hypoxia-inducible factor 1-α expression towards the sites most distant from the oxygen application was observed. Intraluminal low-flow, high oxygen delivery can preserve the intestinal mucosa during total ischemia of the small intestine. This finding can be incorporated in methods to overcome small bowel ischemia and improve intestinal preservation for transplantation.
Effects of empagliflozin on reproductive system in men without diabetes
Authors: Kosinski Christophe , Papadakis Georgios E. , Salamin Olivier , Kuuranne Tiia , Nicoli Raul , Pitteloud Nelly , Zanchi Anne 
Published: June 2024

AbstractSodium-glucose cotransporter (SGLT) 2 inhibition is a well-known target for the treatment of type 2 diabetes, renal disease and chronic heart failure. The protein SGLT2 is encoded by SLC5A2 (Solute Carrier Family 5 Member 2), which is highly expressed in renal cortex, but also in the testes where glucose uptake may be essential for spermatogenesis and androgen synthesis. We postulated that in healthy males, SGLT2 inhibitor therapy may affect gonadal function. We examined the impact on gonadal and steroid hormones in a post-hoc analysis of a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled research including 26 healthy males who were given either placebo or empagliflozin 10 mg once daily for four weeks. After one month of empagliflozin, there were no discernible changes in androgen, pituitary gonadotropin hormones, or inhibin B. Regardless of BMI category, the administration of empagliflozin, a highly selective SGLT2 inhibitor, did not alter serum androgen levels in men without diabetes. While SGLT2 is present in the testes, its inhibition does not seem to affect testosterone production in Leydig cells nor inhibin B secretion by the Sertoli cells.
Exploring mesoscopic mass transport effects on electrocatalytic selectivity
Authors: Heenen Hendrik H. , Pillai Hemanth S. , Reuter Karsten , Bukas Vanessa J. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractElectrocatalytic selectivity is often discussed at the atomic level on the basis of the active site, while ignoring more subtle effects of mesoscopic mass transport. Here we show how transport controls selectivity through the exchange of surface-bound reaction intermediates between the electrode and bulk electrolyte. We argue that the arising kinetic competition changes with the catalyst’s surface area and can become relevant for technologically important reactions including, for example, different products during the electrochemical CO2 reduction on Cu-based catalysts. Combining microkinetic and transport modelling in a multi-scale approach, we specifically explore and quantify this effect for various showcase examples in the experimental literature. Despite its simplicity, our model correctly reproduces selectivity trends with respect to catalyst roughness on all meso-, micro- and atomic scales. The resulting insight provides an alternative or, at least, complementary explanation to changes in electrocatalytic selectivity that have otherwise been attributed to nano-structuring of active sites or electronic effects due to doping or alloying.
Tunable acoustic vortex generation by a compact rotating disk
Authors: Li Rui , Liu Chunxia , Wang Linbo , Ma Chengzhi , Wu Jiu hui , Ma Fuyin 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAcoustic vortices (AVs) carry orbital angular momentum (OAM), showing great promise in advancing communication, biomedicine, and metrology. An ideal OAM generation method that realizes the tunability of AV topological charge and working frequency in a compact way is strongly desired. Here, we utilize aerodynamic dipole sources from a rotating disk to generate AV. This method generates AVs with different topological charges through the interference of these dipole sources at the angular rotation frequency and its multiples. These AVs exhibit high purity, and their three-dimensional characteristics are explored. Furthermore, our experiment demonstrates that the generated AVs significantly enhance the sound field amplitude at their working frequency, which is the product of the topological charge and angular frequency. The results also verify that this amplitude enhancement effect is positively correlated with the AV’s stability and achieves the contactless detection of disk rotation information. The demonstrated method provides expanded versatility for OAM-based applications.
Quantum double lock-in amplifier
Authors: Chen Sijie , Zhuang Min , Fang Ruihuang , Chen Yun , Han Chengyin , Lu Bo , Huang Jiahao , Lee Chaohong 
Published: June 2024

AbstractQuantum lock-in amplifiers have been proposed to extract an alternating signal from a strong noise background. However, due to the typical target signal has unknown initial phase, it is challenging to extract complete information about the signal’s amplitude, frequency, and initial phase. Here, we present a general protocol for achieving a quantum double lock-in amplifier by employing two quantum mixers operating under orthogonal pulse sequences. To demonstrate the practical implementation, we discuss the experimental feasibility using a five-level double-Λ coherent population trapping system with Rb atoms. Here, each Λ structure acts as a quantum mixer, and two applied dynamical decoupling sequences serve as orthogonal reference signals. Notably, the system significantly reduces the total measurement time by nearly half and mitigates time-dependent systematic errors compared to conventional two-level systems. Furthermore, our quantum double lock-in amplifier is robust against experimental imperfections. This study establishes a pathway to alternating signal measurement, thereby facilitating the development of practical quantum sensing technologies.
Characterization of genetic variants of GIPR reveals a contribution of β-arrestin to metabolic phenotypes
Authors: Kizilkaya Hüsün S. , Sørensen Kimmie V. , Madsen Jakob S. , Lindquist Peter , Douros Jonathan D. , Bork-Jensen Jette , Berghella Alessandro , Gerlach Peter A. , Gasbjerg Lærke S. , Mokrosiński Jacek , Mowery Stephanie A. , Knerr Patrick J. , Finan Brian , Campbell Jonathan E. , D’Alessio David A. , Perez-Tilve Diego , Faas Felix , Mathiasen Signe , Rungby Jørgen , Sørensen Henrik T. , Vaag Allan , Nielsen Jens S. , Holm Jens-Christian , Lauenborg Jeannet , Damm Peter , Pedersen Oluf , Linneberg Allan , Hartmann Bolette , Holst Jens J. , Hansen Torben , Wright Shane C. , Lauschke Volker M. , Grarup Niels , Hauser Alexander S. , Rosenkilde Mette M. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIncretin-based therapies are highly successful in combatting obesity and type 2 diabetes1. Yet both activation and inhibition of the glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) receptor (GIPR) in combination with glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor (GLP-1R) activation have resulted in similar clinical outcomes, as demonstrated by the GIPR–GLP-1R co-agonist tirzepatide2 and AMG-133 (ref. 3) combining GIPR antagonism with GLP-1R agonism. This underlines the importance of a better understanding of the GIP system. Here we show the necessity of β-arrestin recruitment for GIPR function, by combining in vitro pharmacological characterization of 47 GIPR variants with burden testing of clinical phenotypes and in vivo studies. Burden testing of variants with distinct ligand-binding capacity, Gs activation (cyclic adenosine monophosphate production) and β-arrestin 2 recruitment and internalization shows that unlike variants solely impaired in Gs signalling, variants impaired in both Gs and β-arrestin 2 recruitment contribute to lower adiposity-related traits. Endosomal Gs-mediated signalling of the variants shows a β-arrestin dependency and genetic ablation of β-arrestin 2 impairs cyclic adenosine monophosphate production and decreases GIP efficacy on glucose control in male mice. This study highlights a crucial impact of β-arrestins in regulating GIPR signalling and overall preservation of biological activity that may facilitate new developments in therapeutic targeting of the GIPR system.
Low mercury concentrations in a Greenland glacial fjord attributed to oceanic sources
Authors: Lindeman M. R. , Straneo F. , Adams H. M. , Nelson M. J. S. , Schartup A. T. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAs the role of the Greenland Ice Sheet in the Arctic mercury (Hg) budget draws scrutiny, it is crucial to understand mercury cycling in glacial fjords, which control exchanges with the ocean. We present full water column measurements of total mercury (THg) and methylmercury (MeHg) in Sermilik Fjord, a large fjord in southeast Greenland fed by multiple marine-terminating glaciers, whose circulation and water mass transformations have been extensively studied. We show that THg (0.23-1.1 pM) and MeHg (0.02-0.17 pM) concentrations are similar to those in nearby coastal waters, while the exported glacially-modified waters are relatively depleted in inorganic mercury (Hg(II)), suggesting that inflowing ocean waters from the continental shelf are the dominant source of mercury species to the fjord. We propose that sediments initially suspended in glacier meltwaters scavenge particle-reactive Hg(II) and are subsequently buried, making the fjord a net sink of oceanic mercury.
Semaphorin-3A regulates liver sinusoidal endothelial cell porosity and promotes hepatic steatosis
Authors: Eberhard Daniel , Balkenhol Sydney , Köster Andrea , Follert Paula , Upschulte Eric , Ostermann Philipp , Kirschner Philip , Uhlemeyer Celina , Charnay Iannis , Preuss Christina , Trenkamp Sandra , Belgardt Bengt-Frederik , Dickscheid Timo , Esposito Irene , Roden Michael , Lammert Eckhard 
Published: June 2024

AbstractPrevalence of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), formerly known as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, increases worldwide and associates with type 2 diabetes and other cardiometabolic diseases. Here we demonstrate that Sema3a is elevated in liver sinusoidal endothelial cells of animal models for obesity, type 2 diabetes and MASLD. In primary human liver sinusoidal endothelial cells, saturated fatty acids induce expression of SEMA3A, and loss of a single allele is sufficient to reduce hepatic fat content in diet-induced obese mice. We show that semaphorin-3A regulates the number of fenestrae through a signaling cascade that involves neuropilin-1 and phosphorylation of cofilin-1 by LIM domain kinase 1. Finally, inducible vascular deletion of Sema3a in adult diet-induced obese mice reduces hepatic fat content and elevates very low-density lipoprotein secretion. Thus, we identified a molecular pathway linking hyperlipidemia to microvascular defenestration and early development of MASLD.
Back to basics for the IPCC: applying lessons from AR6 to the Seventh Assessment Cycle
Authors: Slade Raphael , Pathak Minal , Connors Sarah , Tignor Melinda , Okem Andrew Emmanuel , Leprince-Ringuet Noëmie 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) has been producing influential reports for over 35 years. As the IPCC’s Seventh Assessment Report (AR7) cycle begins, we offer our perspective as former members of the IPCC Technical Support Units from Working Groups I, II & III, and the Synthesis Report on lessons learned during the Sixth Assessment Report (AR6) cycle. We identify three broad issues that, if addressed, could reinforce and sustain the IPCC in continuing its mission to comprehensively assess the scientific understanding of human-induced climate change. These are the imperative to ensure balanced representation, the importance of author recognition, and the need for improved institutional memory. Our recommendations include addressing skill and training needs, tackling barriers to participation particularly for Global South authors, and ensuring all contributors receive appropriate recognition for their efforts. We focus, in particular, on feasible incremental changes that could be implemented during AR7 without major changes to the underlying procedures that require approval by the 195 member governments that make up the IPCC.
The endoplasmic reticulum connects to the nucleus by constricted junctions that mature after mitosis
Authors: Bragulat-Teixidor Helena , Ishihara Keisuke , Szücs Gréta Martina , Otsuka Shotaro 
Published: June 2024

AbstractJunctions between the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and the outer membrane of the nuclear envelope (NE) physically connect both organelles. These ER–NE junctions are essential for supplying the NE with lipids and proteins synthesized in the ER. However, little is known about the structure of these ER–NE junctions. Here, we systematically study the ultrastructure of ER–NE junctions in cryo-fixed mammalian cells staged in anaphase, telophase, and interphase by correlating live cell imaging with three-dimensional electron microscopy. Our results show that ER–NE junctions in interphase cells have a pronounced hourglass shape with a constricted neck of 7–20 nm width. This morphology is significantly distinct from that of junctions within the ER network, and their morphology emerges as early as telophase. The highly constricted ER–NE junctions are seen in several mammalian cell types, but not in budding yeast. We speculate that the unique and highly constricted ER–NE junctions are regulated via novel mechanisms that contribute to ER-to-NE lipid and protein traffic in higher eukaryotes.
ABIN1 is a negative regulator of effector functions in cytotoxic T cells
Authors: Janusova Sarka , Paprckova Darina , Michalik Juraj , Uleri Valeria , Drobek Ales , Salyova Eva , Chorfi Louise , Neuwirth Ales , Andreyeva Arina , Prochazka Jan , Sedlacek Radislav , Draber Peter , Stepanek Ondrej 
Published: June 2024

AbstractT cells are pivotal in the adaptive immune defense, necessitating a delicate balance between robust response against infections and self-tolerance. Their activation involves intricate cross-talk among signaling pathways triggered by the T-cell antigen receptors (TCR) and co-stimulatory or inhibitory receptors. The molecular regulation of these complex signaling networks is still incompletely understood. Here, we identify the adaptor protein ABIN1 as a component of the signaling complexes of GITR and OX40 co-stimulation receptors. T cells lacking ABIN1 are hyper-responsive ex vivo, exhibit enhanced responses to cognate infections, and superior ability to induce experimental autoimmune diabetes in mice. ABIN1 negatively regulates p38 kinase activation and late NF-κB target genes. P38 is at least partially responsible for the upregulation of the key effector proteins IFNG and GZMB in ABIN1-deficient T cells after TCR stimulation. Our findings reveal the intricate role of ABIN1 in T-cell regulation.
Stability of giant dielectric properties in co‐doped rutile TiO2 ceramics under temperature and humidity
Authors: Wongsricha Jurimart , Harnchana Viyada , Srepusharawoot Pornjuk , Phromviyo Nutthakritta , Moontragoon Pairot , Thongbai Prasit 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis research investigated the influence of temperature and humidity on the giant dielectric (GD) properties of 1% indium tin oxide and 1% Ta2O5 co‐doped TiO2 ceramics sintered at different temperatures. A single phase of rutile TiO2 was obtained in all sintered samples. The mean grain size increased with higher sintering temperatures, resulting in ceramics with a relative density exceeding 98%. A uniform dispersion of dopants and major elements was achieved. Remarkably, the dielectric constant increased significantly from 2 × 103 to 3.7 × 104 with a rising sintering temperature, primarily due to the enlarged grain size. Concurrently, the authors observed low loss tangents, ranging from tanδ≈0.016 to 0.024 at 1 kHz. Slight variations in the dielectric constant were observed with temperature from room temperature up to 210°C, while maintaining remarkably low tanδ. The GD properties were attributed to space charge polarisation at internal interfaces and defect dipoles. Further research explored the impact of environmental conditions on dielectric properties. Remarkably, the ceramics exhibited minimal capacitance variations of less than 10% within the relative humidity range of 30%–95% and temperatures from 15 to 85°C, indicating excellent dielectric stability.
PPMLM direct thrust force control based on iterative learning high‐order improved model free adaptive control
Authors: Wang Xiuping , Yao Shunyu , Qu Chunyu 
Published: June 2024

AbstractA high‐order improved model free adaptive control method based on iterative learning is designed to address the problem that primary permanent magnet linear motor has poor control performance, susceptibilities to load disturbances and other nonlinear disturbances during operation. The proposed algorithm adopts an improved dynamic linearization model and high‐order pseudo partial derivative estimation algorithm, which improves the data utilization of the data‐driven control algorithm, makes the algorithm better to describe the dynamic behaviour of the primary permanent magnet linear motor direct thrust force control system and improves the speed tracking accuracy and anti‐interference ability of the system. In addition, iterative learning control was adopted as feedforward compensation to further improve the control performance of the system and the stability of the closed‐loop system was analysed analytically. The simulation results show that the proposed control algorithm can improve the control accuracy of the system and suppress load disturbances and other nonlinear disturbances.