bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Can maintaining cognitive function at 65 years old predict successful ageing 6 years later? The PROOF study
Authors: Castro-Lionard Karine , Thomas-Antérion Catherine , Crawford-Achour Emilie , Rouch Isabelle , Trombert-Paviot Béatrice , Barthélémy Jean-Claude , Laurent Bernard , Roche Frédéric , Gonthier Régis 
Published: January 2011

Abstract
Background: preservation of cognitive abilities is required to have a good quality of life. The predictive value of cognitive functioning at 65 years old on successful ageing 6 years later is not established.
Methods: nine hundred and seventy-six questionnaires were sent by mail to a sample of healthy and voluntary French pensioners. Successful ageing was defined through health status and well-being. Cognitive abilities had been assessed 6 years earlier according to an objective method (Free and Cued Selective Recall Reminding Test (FCSRT), the Benton visual retention test and the similarities subtest of the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Revised) and a subjective one (Goldberg's anxiety scale, Mac Nair's scale and a Visual Analogue Scale to evaluate memory abilities change in the last 5 years).
Results: six hundred and eighty-six questionnaires could be analysed. The mean age was 72.9 ± 1.2 years old with 59% of women and 99% lived at home. Well-being was negatively correlated with the FCSRT (r = −0.08, P = 0.0318) but positively related with the Benton (r = 0.09, P = 0.0125) and the similarities tests (r = 0.09, P = 0.0118). There is a negative correlation between anxious and cognitive complaints measured at baseline, and successful ageing indicators 6 years later.
Conclusion: preservation of cognitive abilities at the age of retirement can predict a successful ageing 6 years later.
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT00759304.
A pooled analysis of three studies evaluating genetic variation in innate immunity genes and non‐Hodgkin lymphoma risk
Authors: Hosgood H. Dean , Purdue Mark P. , Wang Sophia S. , Zheng Tongzhang , Morton Lindsay M. , Lan Qing , Menashe Idan , Zhang Yawei , Cerhan James R. , Grulich Andrew , Cozen Wendy , Yeager Meredith , Holford Theodore R. , Vajdic Claire M. , Davis Scott , Leaderer Brian , Kricker Anne , Schenk Maryjean , Zahm Shelia H. , Chatterjee Nilanjan , Chanock Stephen J. , Rothman Nathaniel , Hartge Patricia , Armstrong Bruce 
Published: January 2011

SummaryGenetic variation in immune‐related genes may play a role in the development of non‐Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). To test the hypothesis that innate immunity polymorphisms may be associated with NHL risk, we genotyped 144 tag single nucleotide polymorphisms (tagSNPs) capturing common genetic variation within 12 innate immunity gene regions in three independent population‐based case‐control studies (1946 cases and 1808 controls). Gene‐based analyses found IL1RN to be associated with NHL risk (minP = 0·03); specifically, IL1RN rs2637988 was associated with an increased risk of NHL (per‐allele odds ratio = 1·15, 95% confidence interval = 1·05–1·27; Ptrend = 0·003), which was consistent across study, subtype, and gender. FCGR2A was also associated with a decreased risk of the follicular lymphoma NHL subtype (minP = 0·03). Our findings suggest that genetic variation in IL1RN and FCGR2A may play a role in lymphomagenesis. Given that conflicting results have been reported regarding the association between IL1RN SNPs and NHL risk, a larger number of innate immunity genes with sufficient genomic coverage should be evaluated systematically across many studies.
Revaccination of children after completion of standard chemotherapy for acute lymphoblastic leukaemia: a pilot study comparing different schedules
Authors: Lehrnbecher Thomas , Schubert Ralf , Allwinn Regina , Dogan Kader , Koehl Ulrike , Grüttner Hans‐Peter 
Published: January 2011

SummaryGiven that a significant proportion of children with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) lose immune protection to tetanus, diphtheria, and poliomyelitis, revaccination is indicated after chemotherapy. Our randomized pilot study comparing different revaccination schedules suggests that children with ALL might be revaccinated with non‐live vaccines as early as 3 months after chemotherapy.
Effects on fibrin network porosity of anticoagulants with different modes of action and reversal by activated coagulation factor concentrate*
Authors: Blombäck Margareta , He Shu , Bark Niklas , Wallen Håkan N. , Elg Margareta 
Published: January 2011

SummaryOrally available direct thrombin inhibitors (DTI) and direct activated factor X inhibitors (DFXaI) may replace vitamin K antagonists in patients needing long‐term anticoagulant treatment. We investigated the influence on the fibrin network of anticoagulants with different modes of action: AR‐H067637 (DTI), the active metabolite of AZD0837, apixaban (DFXaI), fondaparinux (indirect FXaI) and warfarin. Counteraction of the anticoagulant effect by FEIBA® (Factor Eight Inhibitor Bypass Activity) was also investigated. Tissue factor, phospholipids and calcium were used to initiate coagulation in human platelet poor plasma. The permeability constant (Ks), reflecting the amount of buffer passing through the coagulum, was calculated and the fibrin network was visualized by 3D confocal microscopy. Warfarin (International Normalized Ratio 2‐3) increased Ks in plasma by 28–50% compared with control. ‘Therapeutic’ plasma concentrations of AR‐H067637 (0·3–0·6 μmol/l), apixaban (0·2–0·4 μmol/l) and fondaparinux (0·1–0·3 μmol/l) increased Ks by 72–91%, 58–76% and 36–53% respectively. Addition of FEIBA® totally reversed the warfarin effect but only partially reversed effects of the other anticoagulants at concentrations that increased Ks by 50% or more. Fibrin network observed with 3D confocal microscopy agreed well with the permeability results. In conclusion, all examined anticoagulants rendered the fibrin network more porous. FEIBA® reversed the increased permeability in warfarin plasma but had only partial effects on the other anticoagulants.
High plasma retinol binding protein 4 (RBP4) is associated with systemic inflammation independently of low RBP4 adipose expression and is normalized by transplantation in nonobese, nondiabetic patients with chronic kidney disease
Authors: Barazzoni Rocco , Zanetti Michela , Semolic Annamaria , Pirulli Alessia , Cattin Maria Rosa , Biolo Gianni , Bosutti Alessandra , Panzetta Giovanni , Bernardi Annamaria , Guarnieri Gianfranco 
Published: January 2011

SummaryObjective  Adipose‐secreted retinol binding protein 4 (RBP4) circulates in free (active) and transthyretin (TTR)‐bound forms and may be associated with obesity‐related inflammation. Potential involvement of plasma and adipose RBP4 in systemic inflammation in the absence of obesity and diabetes is unknown. Inflammation reduces survival in chronic kidney disease (CKD) [particularly in maintenance haemodialysis (MHD)], and plasma RBP4 may increase with renal dysfunction. We investigated (i) potential associations between RBP4 and inflammation in CKD and (ii) the role of adipose tissue in this putative interaction.Design  Cross‐sectional.Patients  Nonobese, nondiabetic patients with CKD undergoing conservative (CT: n = 10) or MHD treatment (n = 25) and healthy control subjects (C: n = 11). Renal transplant recipients (n = 5) were studied to further assess the impact of restored near‐normal renal function.Measurements  Plasma RBP4, TTR and C‐reactive protein (CRP), adipose RBP4 expression.Results  Plasma RBP4, TTR and CRP were highest in MHD (P < 0·05). Adipose RBP4 mRNA was, however, comparably low in CT and MHD (P < 0·05 vs C), and all parameters were normalized in transplant recipients (P < 0·05 vs MHD). In all subjects (n = 51), creatinine and TTR (P < 0·05) but not adipose RBP4 mRNA were associated with plasma RBP4. Plasma RBP4 but not its adipose expression was in turn associated positively (P < 0·05) with CRP independently of creatinine‐TTR.Conclusions  High plasma RBP4 and inflammation are clustered in CKD in the absence of obesity and diabetes and are normalized by transplantation. Adipose RBP4 expression is not involved in plasma RBP4 elevation, which appears to be mainly because of passive accumulation, or in CKD‐associated inflammation.
Significant genetic boundaries and spatial dynamics of giant pandas occupying fragmented habitat across southwest China
Authors: ZHU LIFENG , ZHANG SHANNING , GU XIAODONG , WEI FUWEN 
Published: January 2011

AbstractUnderstanding population history and genetic structure are key drivers of ecological research. Here, we studied two highly fragmented and isolated populations (Xiaoxiangling and Daxiangling) of giant pandas (Ailuropoda melanoleuca) at the extreme southwestern edge of their distribution. This area also contains the Dadu River, national road 108 and various human infrastructure and development, providing an ideal region in which we can identify the effects of different barriers on animal movements. We used partial mitochondrial control region (mtDNA) and nine microsatellite loci (nuclear DNA) data derived from 192 faecal and one blood sample collected from the wild. We found 136 genotypes corresponding to 53 unique multilocus genotypes and eight unique control region haplotypes (653 bp). Significant genetic boundaries correlated spatially with the Dadu River (K = 2). We estimate that a major divergence took place between these populations 26 000 years bp, at around the similar time the rock surface of valley bottom formed in Dadu River. The national road has resulted in further recent population differentiation (Pairwise FS on mtDNA and nuclear DNA) so that in effect, four smaller sub‐populations now exist. Promisingly, we identified two possible first‐generation migrants and their migration paths, and recommended the immediate construction of a number of corridors. Fortunately, the Chinese government has accepted our advice and is now planning corridor construction.
Using tunable diode laser spectroscopy to measure carbon isotope discrimination and mesophyll conductance to CO2 diffusion dynamically at different CO2 concentrations
Authors: TAZOE YOUSHI , VON CAEMMERER SUSANNE , ESTAVILLO GONZALO M. , EVANS JOHN R. 
Published: January 2011

ABSTRACTIn C3 leaves, the mesophyll conductance to CO2 diffusion, gm, determines the drawdown in CO2 concentration from intercellular airspace to the chloroplast stroma. Both gm and stomatal conductance limit photosynthetic rate and vary in response to the environment. We investigated the response of gm to changes in CO2 in two Arabidopsis genotypes (including a mutant with open stomata, ost1), tobacco and wheat. We combined measurements of gas exchange with carbon isotope discrimination using tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy with a CO2 calibration system specially designed for a range of CO2 and O2 concentrations. CO2 was initially increased from 200 to 1000 ppm and then decreased stepwise to 200 ppm and increased stepwise back to 1000 ppm, or the sequence was reversed. In 2% O2 a step increase from 200 to 1000 ppm significantly decreased gm by 26–40% in all three species, whereas following a step decrease from 1000 to 200 ppm, the 26–38% increase in gm was not statistically significant. The response of gm to CO2 was less in 21% O2. Comparing wild type against the ost1 revealed that mesophyll and stomatal conductance varied independently in response to CO2. We discuss the effects of isotope fractionation factors on estimating gm.
Comparative ionomics and metabolomics in extremophile and glycophytic Lotus species under salt stress challenge the metabolic pre‐adaptation hypothesis
Authors: SANCHEZ DIEGO H. , PIECKENSTAIN FERNANDO L. , ESCARAY FRANCISCO , ERBAN ALEXANDER , KRAEMER UTE , UDVARDI MICHAEL K. , KOPKA JOACHIM 
Published: January 2011

ABSTRACTThe legume genus Lotus includes glycophytic forage crops and other species adapted to extreme environments, such as saline soils. Understanding salt tolerance mechanisms will contribute to the discovery of new traits which may enhance the breeding efforts towards improved performance of legumes in marginal agricultural environments. Here, we used a combination of ionomic and gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry (GC‐MS)‐based metabolite profilings of complete shoots (pooling leaves, petioles and stems) to compare the extremophile Lotus creticus, adapted to highly saline coastal regions, and two cultivated glycophytic grassland forage species, Lotus corniculatus and Lotus tenuis. L. creticus exhibited better survival after exposure to long‐term lethal salinity and was more efficient at excluding Cl‐ from the shoots than the glycophytes. In contrast, Na+ levels were higher in the extremophile under both control and salt stress, a trait often observed in halophytes. Ionomics demonstrated a differential rearrangement of shoot nutrient levels in the extremophile upon salt exposure. Metabolite profiling showed that responses to NaCl in L. creticus shoots were globally similar to those of the glycophytes, providing little evidence for metabolic pre‐adaptation to salinity. This study is the first comparing salt acclimation responses between extremophile and non‐extremophile legumes, and challenges the generalization of the metabolic salt pre‐adaptation hypothesis.
A recurrent 1.71 Mb genomic imbalance at 2q13 increases the risk of developmental delay and dysmorphism
Authors: Yu HE , Hawash K , Picker J , Stoler J , Urion D , Wu B‐L , Shen Y 
Published: January 2011

Yu HE, Hawash K, Picker J, Stoler J, Urion D, Wu B‐L, Shen Y. A recurrent 1.71 Mb genomic imbalance at 2q13 increases the risk of developmental delay and dysmorphism.Whole genome profiling such as array comparative genomic hybridization has identified novel genomic imbalances. Many of these genomic imbalances have since been shown to associate with developmental delay, intellectual disability and congenital malformation. Here we identified five unrelated individuals who have a recurrent 1.71 Mb deletion/duplication at 2q13 (Human Genome Build 19: 111,392,197‐113,102,594). Four of these individuals have developmental issues, four have cranial dysmorphism. Literature review revealed 14 more cases that had similar genomic imbalances at 2q13. Many of them had developmental delay and dysmorphism. Taken together, 93% and 63% of individuals with this genomic imbalance displayed impaired developmental skills and/or abnormal facial features respectively. This copy number variant (CNV) has not been reported in normal control databases. We, therefore, propose that CNV in this region is a risk factor for developmental delay and dysmorphism.
Pharmacological actions of oximino‐propofol analogues at GABABautoreceptors
Authors: Parker David AS , Marino Victor , Sullivan Thomas , Ong Jennifer , Khalafy Jabbar , Badali Mohammad , Rimaz Mehdi , Prager Rolf H 
Published: January 2011

Summary1. GABABautoreceptors are a subclass of GABABreceptors that inhibit the release of [3H]GABA from GABAergic nerve terminals. Baclofen is an agonist that reduces [3H]GABA, whilst the antagonist (+)‐(S)‐5,5‐dimethylmorpholinyl‐2‐acetic acid (Sch 50911) enhances [3H]GABA release in electrically‐stimulated rat neocortical brain slices preloaded with [3H]GABA. Here, the pharmacological actions of a series of compounds derived from the positive allosteric modulator, 2,6‐di‐tert‐butyl‐4‐(3‐hydroxy‐2,2‐dimethyl‐propyl)‐phenol (CGP7930), were examined on GABABautoreceptors.2. The compound, 3‐(3,5‐ditbutyl‐4‐hydroxyphenyl)‐2,2‐dimethyl‐1‐oximinopropane (compound 2), at 10 μmol/L had little effect on the stimulation‐induced overflow of [3H]GABA when superfused alone, but when superfused in the presence of baclofen (2 μmol/L) inhibited the overflow of [3H]GABA. These effects were reversed by Sch 50911 (10 μmol/L). Although compounds 1‐(4‐chlorophenyl)‐3‐(4‐hydroxy‐3,5‐diisopropylphenyl)‐2‐methyl‐1‐oximinopropane (compound 1), 1‐[(3,5‐ditbutyl‐4‐hydroxyphenyl)methyl]‐1‐oximinomethylcyclohexane (compound 3), 3‐(3,5‐ditbutyl‐4‐hydroxyphenyl)‐1,2‐diphenyl‐1‐oximinopropane (compound 4) and 4‐(3,5‐ditbutyl‐4‐hydroxyphenyl)‐3‐methyl‐2‐oximinobutane (compound 5) (each at 10 μmol/L) tended to reduce the stimulation‐induced overflow in the presence of baclofen, an effect reversed by Sch 50911, their status as modulators is not confirmed in the present study.3. Another derivative, 3‐(3,5‐ditbutyl‐4‐hydroxyphenyl)‐1‐(4‐chlorophenyl)‐2‐methyl‐1‐oximinopropane (compound 6) (10 μmol/L), acted as an agonist as it inhibited the release of [3H]GABA by 32% (EC50of 3.3 μmol/L), an effect reversed by Sch 50911 (10 μmol/L). The other compounds, 1‐[(3,5‐ditbutyl‐4‐hydroxyphenyl)methyl]‐1‐methyl‐2‐oximinocyclohexane (compound 7), 4‐(3,5‐ditbutyl‐4‐hydroxyphenyl)‐3,3‐dimethyl‐2‐oximinobutane (compound 8) and 4‐(4‐hydroxy‐3,5‐diisopropylphenyl)‐3,3‐dimethyl‐2‐oximinobutane (compound 9) (each at 10 μmol/L), were inactive.4. These findings indicate that this series of compounds show different modes of activity at GABABautoreceptors.
Post‐operative partial hypoparathyroidism: an under‐recognized disorder
Authors: Prichard Ruth S. , Edhouse Pamela J. , Sidhu Stanley B. , Sywak Mark S. , Delbridge Leigh 
Published: January 2011

AbstractBackground:  Permanent hypoparathyroidism is a well‐recognized complication of total thyroidectomy, and a commonly reported clinical indicator of that procedure. However, a small number of patients still require ongoing calcium supplementation post‐operatively in order to avoid the symptoms of hypocalcaemia, despite a normal serum parathyroid hormone level. The aim of this study was to characterize this disorder of post‐operative partial hypoparathyroidism and to identify any risk factors.Methods:  A retrospective study of patients undergoing a total thyroidectomy was performed. Patients with permanent hypoparathyroidism were excluded. Patients completed a telephone interview and had serum calcium and parathyroid hormone (PTH) measured. Patient demographics, operative indications and intervention, the number of parathyroid glands autotransplanted, the presence of ongoing symptoms and calcium requirements were documented.Results:  One hundred ninety‐six patients participated. The overall rate of permanent hypoparathyroidism over the duration of the study was 0.77%. An additional 10 (5%) patients were identified with a normal PTH level but who were still requiring calcium supplementation to prevent the symptoms associated with hypocalcaemia and to maintain a normal serum calcium level. Nine patients were female with a mean age of 48.5 years. A mean of 1.4 parathyroid glands were autotransplanted and the mean PTH level was 3.95 pmol/L.Conclusion:  This study demonstrates that in a small group of patients following total thyroidectomy, re‐vascularization of parathyroid cells may be partial, with inadequate parathyroid reserve to avoid symptoms despite measurable PTH levels. This disorder of partial hypoparathyroidism has not been previously described and represents a small but important complication of total thyroidectomy.
Correlations between global clotting function tests, duration of operation, and postoperative chest tube drainage in pediatric cardiac surgery
Authors: Hayashi Tamaki , Sakurai Yoshihiko , Fukuda Kazuyoshi , Yada Koji , Ogiwara Kenichi , Matsumoto Tomoko , Yoshizawa Hiroyuki , Takahashi Yukihiro , Yoshikawa Yoshiro , Hayata Yoshihiro , Taniguchi Shigeki , Shima Midori 
Published: January 2011

SummaryBackground:  Systemic coagulation disorders after cardiac surgery represent serious postoperative complications. There have been few reports, however, identifying preoperative coagulation tests that predict postoperative bleeding. The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between postoperative hemorrhage and coagulation parameters determined by global coagulation assays, to define potential predictive markers.Methods:  Twenty‐one pediatric patients were enrolled. Blood samples were collected before and 24 h after cardiac surgery. Laboratory investigations included platelet count, hematocrit, classical coagulation tests [prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time, thrombin‐antithrombin complex (TAT)], rotation thromboelastometry (ROTEM), and the thrombin generation test (TGT). The duration of the surgical procedure was recorded. Chest tube drainage was monitored for 24 h after operation as an index of postoperative hemorrhage.Results:  Comparisons between preoperative and postoperative results indicated that TAT increased significantly after operation, whereas ROTEM parameters did not show a hypercoagulable pattern. Preoperative endogenous thrombin potential (ETP) measured in the TGT and clot formation time (CFT) in the ROTEM correlated with chest tube drainage. The classical coagulation tests were not informative. Postoperatively, peak height and ETP in TGT, all ROTEM parameters, and duration of surgery were correlated with chest tube drainage. Duration of surgery was correlated with postoperative ROTEM parameters but not with TGT. Postoperative maximum clot firmness and AUC were correlated with platelet count decrease ratio.Conclusions:  The preoperative CFT and ETP provide useful indices for predicting postoperative chest tube drainage volume. In addition, the duration of surgery also correlated with chest tube drainage and affected ROTEM parameters.
Iron uptake and toxin synthesis in the bloom‐forming Microcystis aeruginosa under iron limitation
Authors: Alexova Ralitza , Fujii Manabu , Birch Debra , Cheng Jennifer , Waite T. David , Ferrari Belinda C. , Neilan Brett A. 
Published: January 2011

SummaryToxin production during cyanobacterial blooms poses a significant public health threat in water bodies globally and requires the development of effective bloom management strategies. Previously, synthesis of the hepatotoxin microcystin has been proposed to be regulated by iron availability, but the contribution of the toxin to the adaptation of cyanobacteria to environmental stresses, such as changing light intensity and nutrient limitation, remains unclear. The aim of this study was to compare the iron stress response in toxic and non‐toxic strains of Microcystis aeruginosa subjected to moderate and severe iron limitation. The transcription of a number of genes involved in iron uptake, oxidative stress response, toxin synthesis and transcriptional control of these processes was accessed by quantitative real‐time PCR (qRT‐PCR). The process of adaptation of M. aeruginosa to iron stress was found to be highly dynamic and strain‐specific. Toxin production in PCC 7806 increased in an iron‐dependent manner and appeared to be regulated by FurA. The inability to produce microcystin, either due to natural mutations in the mcy gene cluster or due to insertional inactivation of mcyH, affected the remodelling of the photosynthetic machinery in iron‐stressed cells, the transport of Fe(II) and transcription of the Fur family of transcriptional regulators. The presence of the toxin appears to give an advantage to microcystin‐producing cyanobacteria in the early stages of exposure to severe iron stress and may protect the cell from reactive oxygen species‐induced damage.