bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A novel host shift and invaded range of a seed predator, Acanthoscelides macrophthalmus (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Bruchinae), of an invasive weed, Leucaena leucocephala
Authors: TUDA Midori , WU Li‐Hsin , TATEISHI Yoichi , NIYOMDHAM Chawalit , BURANAPANICHPAN Sawai , MORIMOTO Katsura , WU Wen‐Jer , WANG Chiao‐Ping , CHEN Zong‐Qi , ZHU Hong‐Ye , ZHANG Ying‐Cui , MURUGAN Kadarkarai , CHOU Liang‐Yih , JOHNSON Clarence D. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractAn endophagous seed predator, Acanthoscelides macrophthalmus (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Bruchinae), utilizes Neotropical Leucaena (Fabaceae: Mimosoideae). One of its hosts, Leucaena leucocephala, is a fast‐growing nitrogen‐fixing tree that serves as a multipurpose beneficial plant but eventually becomes an aggressive invader where it was introduced. Herein, we report A. macrophthalmus invasion of the Far East, South Asian tropics and subtropics (Japanese Pacific Islands, Taiwan, Southern China, Northern Thailand and Southern India). Of other field‐collected mimosoid legumes, an introduced tree, Falcataria moluccana, in Taiwan was found to be used by the seed predator. Conversely, our published work review revealed that the seed predator had retained high host specificity to Leucaena species in its native and introduced regions. Acanthoscelides macrophthalmus was able to utilize aphagously postharvest mature seeds for oviposition and larval development, which is a trait of post‐dispersal seed predators. We confirmed that A. macrophthalmus that was reared on L. leucocephala was able to utilize F. moluccana as well. Although the relatively high host specificity of the oligophagous beetle is suitable for controlling the weedy L. leucocephala, the potential host range expansion confirmed by this study must be cautioned.
Clusiidae (Diptera) from log emergence traps in the Yambaru, a subtropical forest of Japan
Authors: SUEYOSHI Masahiro , GOTO Hideaki , SATO Hiroki , HATTORI Tsutomu , KOTAKA Nobuhiko , SAITO Kazuhiko 
Published: March 2009

AbstractFive species of Clusiidae (Diptera), Craspedochaeta biseta (Hendel), hendelia plumosa (Sasakawa), Heteromeringia sexramifera Sueyoshi, Phylloclusia yambarensis sp. n., and Sobarocephala uncinata Sueyoshi, were collected from log emergence traps installed in a subtropical forest of Japan from February 2006 to February 2008. Craspedochaeta biseta (Hendel) was newly recorded in Japan. Wood debris was gathered from 1–22 year old secondary stands managed by the improvement cutting of natural forest (ICNF) and unmanaged stands, and categorized by stage of decay and size, and then enveloped in fine net bags (emergence trap). In total, 84 clusiid adults were obtained. Most were reared from wood debris in an advanced stage of decay and from 2 year old or older managed and unmanaged forest stands, although P. yambarensis was reared from wood debris in an early stage of decay and from 1 year old forests after cuttings. Log emergence traps effectively sample clusiids, taking both sexes in approximately equal numbers. Specimens collected by this trap may resolve the difficulty in identifying male and female specimens of several clusiid species that show sexual dimorphism.
Purification and characterization of midgut α‐amylases ofEurygaster integriceps
Authors: BANDANI Ali R. , KAZZAZI Majid , MEHRABADI Mohammad 
Published: March 2009

AbstractIn the current study, midgut α‐amylase from Sunn pest (Eurygaster integricepsPuton) (Hemiptera: Scutelleridae), one of the most serious pests of wheat and barley in the wide area of the Near and Middle East, West Asia, and many of the new independent states of central Asia, were purified and characterized. Amylase activity was detected in the midgut of the insects which were collected from both over‐wintering sites during winter and feeding insects during spring. Amylase activities in the midgut of over‐wintering and feeding insects were 5.71 and 3.43 U/mg protein, respectively. Initially, a native electrophoretic analysis ofE. integricepscrude midgut extract showed that there are two major amylase forms in the midgut. Through the sequence of ammonium sulfate precipitation, first by gel filtration chromatography (Sephadex G‐75), anion exchange chromatography (diethylaminoethylcellulose) and second by gel filtration chromatography, specific activity of α‐amylase ofE. integricepsincreased 44‐fold from approximately 3 to 133 U/mg protein. Analysis of purified amylases by sodium dodecylsulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis showed that these proteins had estimated molecular masses of 49 and 52 kDa. Optimum temperature was determined to be 30–40°C. The optimum pH value was 6.5 and theKmappfor soluble starch was 0.54%.
Descriptions of two new species of Vietomartyria Hashimoto & Mey (Lepidoptera, Micropterigidae) from South China, with reference to autapomorphies of the genus
Authors: HIROWATARI Toshiya , HASHIMOTO Satoshi , JINBO Utsugi , WANG Min 
Published: March 2009

AbstractTwo new species of micropterigids, Vietomartyria nankunshana Hirowatari & Hashimoto sp. nov. and V. nanlingana Hirowatari & Jinbo sp. nov., are described from Nankunshan and Nanling (Guangdong, China), respectively. The genus Vietomartyria Hashimoto & Mey, 2000, which was originally established as a monotypic genus, is redefined based on the following autapomorphies shared by the three species: (i) the long basal stalk of each flagellomere; (ii) the many (>100) minute serrate projections near the gonopore of aedeagus; and (iii) the gonopore situated dorsally near the apex.
A new stem‐borer of the genus Bucculatrix (Lepidoptera: Bucculatricidae) from Japan, with description of the life history
Authors: KOBAYASHI Shigeki , HIROWATARI Toshiya , MURASE Masumi , KUROKO Hiroshi 
Published: March 2009

AbstractA new species of bucculaticid moth, Bucculatrix hamaboella sp. nov. (Host plant: Hibiscus hamabo, Malvaceae) is described from Wakayama Prefecture, Japan. The feeding habit of the new species is unique in that: (i) the young larva is a leaf miner forming a long red linear mine but in the later instars the larva becomes a stem borer; (ii) later instar larvae undergo double molts within a cocoonet (molting cocoon); and (iii) penultimate and final instars appear on the surface of the leaf as non‐feeding stages. The external non‐feeding larvae of B. hamaboella undergoing double molts within one cocoonet are considered to be an abbreviated form of the external feeding instars of other bucculatricids typically making first and second cocoonets, undergoing a single molt within each cocoonet. On the basis of morphological characters, this species is related to the species of Sections I and II (Host: Asteraceae) of Braun (1963), rather than to the species of Section VIII (Host: Malvaceae).
An Author's Guide to Publication Ethics: A Review of Emerging Standards in Biomedical Journals
Authors: Roberts Jason 
Published: March 2009

Universal definitions of ethical issues related to medical publishing have remained somewhat elusive. Training in the art of writing for medical journals is inconsistent and most commonly informal, involving collaborative efforts between mentors and students. This approach inadvertently may perpetuate erroneous assumptions as to what constitutes acceptable behavior. In contrast to instruction on composition, ethical considerations related to the publication of a paper are likely to receive little attention.Even so, consequent to the ever‐increasing scrutiny from the media and government agencies, journals are recognizing the need for greater transparency in peer review and are thus more inclined to enforce ethical standards. Understanding that some apparent ethical contraventions are the result of confusion or a lack of knowledge, some journals are assuming the responsibility of educating their community about ethical issues in publishing. This paper reviews the key ethical issues (eg, authorship criteria, conflicts of interest, redundant publication, data access and biases in data reporting, image manipulation) that authors should consider before submitting a manuscript. It also surveys some of the policies of the most highly cited clinical medical journals. In the future, authors can anticipate that their submissions will be required to meet an expanding array of ethical standards.
Imaging of Language‐Related Brain Regions in Detoxified Alcoholics
Authors: Chanraud‐Guillermo Sandra , Andoh Jamila , Martelli Catherine , Artiges Eric , Pallier Christophe , Aubin Henri‐Jean , Martinot Jean‐Luc , Reynaud Michel 
Published: March 2009

Background:  Neuroimaging studies showed clear evidence of alcoholism‐related damage to the frontal lobes and cerebellum. Although these regions have been involved in language processing, language skills are relatively spared in alcoholics. Here, we aimed at identifying neural substrates associated with the preserved mechanisms of language processing in alcoholics. We hypothesized that alcoholics would show a different pattern of neural activity compared with the controls.Methods:  Alcoholic and nonalcoholic subjects performed an auditory language task while receiving a functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scan in a 1.5 T magnet. This task has been previously shown to solicit the comprehension processing in healthy controls, with reliable fMRI response in the left frontal and temporal/parietal lobes.Results:  Behavioral results showed comparable performance (error rates, response time) between the alcoholics and the matched controls. However, analysis of the functional data revealed that the alcoholics exhibited greater fMRI response in the left middle frontal gyrus (pars triangularis), the right superior frontal gyrus, and the cerebellar vermis relative to the controls.Conclusions:  These findings suggest that frontocerebellar neural activity, supporting the comprehension processing of the auditory language task, may require compensatory mechanisms in alcoholics in order to maintain the same level of performance as the controls.
Comparison between Three‐Dimensional Angiographic Reconstruction and Intravascular Ultrasound Imaging for the Measurement of Cross‐Sectional Luminal Dimensions in Intermediate Coronary Lesions
Authors: COLLINGWOOD ROBIN , BERMUDEZ EDMUND , FISCHELL TIM A. 
Published: March 2009

Background: Intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) has enabled the measurement of minimal luminal area of coronary stenoses. We evaluated the hypothesis that angiographic three‐dimensional reconstruction of luminal dimensions may be able to provide similar measurements to IVUS in intermediate coronary lesions.
Methods: We retrospectively enrolled patients undergoing invasive coronary angiography and IVUS for the assessment of angiographically intermediate coronary lesions (50–70%) at a high‐volume tertiary care hospital between July 1, 2006, and May 20, 2008. IVUS (
Boston Scientific, Natick Massachusetts, USA
) minimal cross‐sectional area (CSA) and minimal luminal diameters (MLD) were compared with the measurements obtained using a sophisticated three‐dimensional angiographic reconstruction software (CardiOP‐B, Paieon, Inc., Rosh Ha’ayin, Israel), with orthogonal angiographic views used to reconstruct and calculate lesion dimensions.
Results: Data were obtained from 34 patients with 35 lesions. The lesions were assessed in the left main (n = 2), left anterior descending artery (n = 15), left circumflex/marginal artery (n = 7), and right coronary artery (n = 11). Using IVUS, the mean minimal CSA was 3.78 ± 1.60 mm2, and MLD was 1.88 ± 0.43 mm. Three‐dimensional reconstruction measurements of minimal CSA (3.42 ± 1.66 mm2) highly correlated in a linear fashion with the measurements by IVUS (R = 0.88, P < 0.0001).
Conclusions: A three‐dimensional angiographic measurement of coronary minimal CSA is highly correlated with the measurements using IVUS. This new software technology may be a promising imaging modality to measure CSAs in coronary lesions.
Overexpression of malignancy‐associated laminins and laminin receptors by angiotropic human melanoma cells in a chick chorioallantoic membrane model
Authors: Lugassy Claire , Torres‐Muñoz Jorge E. , Kleinman Hynda K. , Ghanem Ghanem , Vernon Stephen , Barnhill Raymond L. 
Published: March 2009

Background: As distinct from intravascular/lymphatic dissemination, extravascular migratory metastasis (EVMM) has been described as a potential additional mechanism of melanoma spread in which tumor cells migrate along the external surfaces of vessels. Angiotropic melanoma cells are linked to the endothelium by a matrix containing laminin. In addition, it has been shown that C16 laminin‐derived peptide increases extravascular migration of human green fluorescent protein (GFP) melanoma cells along vessels in a chicken chorioallantoic membrane model (CAM). In this study, we have tested the hypothesis that expression levels of some genes related to lamimin and metastasis are differentially expressed in vascularized angiotropic melanoma areas vs. avascular melanoma areas from the same tumor.Design: C8161 human melanoma cells in a shell‐less chick CAM assay were used to study EVMM associated with the presence of vascularized angiotropic melanoma areas. For both high‐quality histomorphology and RNA preservation in paraffin‐embedded tissue, we used a methanol‐based fixative coupled with microwave‐assisted rapid tissue processing as previously described. Using laser capture microdissection, angiotropic melanoma areas as well as avascular areas were microdissected. Using quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction (QRT‐PCR), six genes have been studied: LAMC2 (laminin γ2 chain), LAMA4 (laminin α4 chain), ITGB1 (integrin β1), ITGB3 (integrin β3), RSPA (ribosomal protein), and MMP2 (matrix metallopeptidase 2). QRT‐PCR data were normalized to human GAPDH housekeeping gene and values were compared against Human Total RNA. Final results were expressed as percentage of expression.Results: All tumors demonstrated a similar pattern, i.e. EVMM of angiotropic melanoma cells. The microdissected histopathological sections presented both angiotropic areas and avascular areas. All genes were overexpressed in angiotropic melanoma areas vs. avascular melanoma areas, especially LAMC2, LAMA4 and ITGB3 (respectively, 165.18, 208.86, and 483.69%).Conclusion: This study shows that several genes related to laminin are overexpressed in angiotropic melanoma areas vs. avascular melanoma areas. Since extravascular migration of melanoma cells along vessels has been demonstrated in the CAM model, taken together these results suggests that some laminins and laminin receptors may play a role in extravascular migratory metastasis. This model may represent a promising strategy to analyze differential gene expression in EVMM.
Testicular choriocarcinoma metastatic to skin and multiple organs. Two case reports and review of literature
Authors: Chen Xinhua , Xu Linjie , Chen Xinmei , Teng Xiaodong , Zheng Shusen 
Published: March 2009

Two cases of males with subcutaneous masses as the first clinical sign of testicular choriocarcinoma are reported. The urine and serum human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) test confirmed high level hCG from male choriocarcinoma. These cases, although very rare, can be a great diagnostic and therapeutic challenge and should be considered in the differential diagnosis of subcutaneous masses occurring in young males.Chen X, Xu L, Chen X, Teng X, Zheng S. Testicular choriocarcinoma metastatic to skin and multiple organs. Two case reports and review of literature.
Amperozide – a new putatively antipsychotic drug with a limbic mode of action on dopamine mediated behaviour
Authors: Gustafsson B. , Christensson E. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractAmperozide, a new putatively antipsychotic drug, was found to exert a functional selectivity for the limbic system of the brain. Thus, amperozide was as active as both classical and atypical neuroleptics on hypermotility induced by a low dose of amphetamine. On the other hand, amperozide did not produce catalepsy, nor did it reverse amphetamine‐induced stereotypies. Moreover, amperozide inhibited exploratory behaviour in mice. The present results indicate an antipsychotic effect of amperozide, with a minimal risk for EPS when used in the clinic.
Effects of amperozide, a putative antipsychotic drug, on rat midbrain dopamine neurons recordedin vivo
Authors: Grenhoff Johan , Tung Che‐Se , Ugedo Luisa , Svensson Torgny H. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractThe effect of the putative antipsychotic compound amperozide on the electrical activity of single identified midbrain dopamine (DA) neurons was investigated in the chloral hydrate anesthetized male rat. While the activity of DA cells in the substantia nigra was unaffected, DA neurons of the ventral tegmental area (VTA), the origin of the mesolimbocortical DA system, were affected in either of two ways: 1) increased firing rate and burst firing, i.e. an excitation, or 2) regularization of the firing pattern. Reversible cold inactivation of the medial prefrontal cortex (PFC) induced a pacemaker‐like firing of VTA‐DA cells, an effect blocked by amperozide in the cells excited by the drug. Cells responding with a regularization were not protected against the effect of PFC inactivation. These different effects of amperozide, which may in part be mediated by 5‐HT2receptor blockade, suggest an antipsychotic activity of amperozide, particularly in schizophrenia with negative symptoms.
Amperozide and emotional behaviour
Authors: Gustafsson B. , Christensson E. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractThe new putatively antipsychotic drug amperozide is characterized pharmacologically by a specific limbic mode of action. Thus amperozide is a potent antagonist of muricidal behaviour (ED50=0.16 mg/kg) as well as aggression between isolated male mice. Although amperozide displays anxiolytic properties in Vogel's conflict test as well as an antidepressive effect in the despair test, the drug does not interfere with motor coordination or cause sedation (ED50> 50 mg/kg). These results could make amperozide very interesting as an antipsychotic drug in the clinic, with effect on both postive and negative symptoms.
Effect of amperozide on the synthesis and turnover of monoamines in rat brain
Authors: Pettersson G. , Johannessen K. , Hulthe P. , Engel J. A. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractThe effects of amperozide on the synthesis and the turnover of monoamines in different brain regions of the rat were determined using bothex vivoandin vivobiochemical techniques (i.e.post‐mortem measurements of the tissue levels by HPLC‐EC, and direct measurements with thein vivovoltammetry technique). It was found that amperozide slightly increased the DOPA accumulation and the DOPAC content in limbic brain areas but not in the striatum. The DOPA accumulation was also slightly increased in the noradrenaline rich cortical region indicating increased synthesis of noradrenaline. Furthermore, amperozide increased the utilization of noradrenaline after tyrosine hydroxylase inhibition by α‐methyl‐p‐tyrosine. The synthesis of 5‐HT was not significantly altered by amperozide. In conclusion, the biochemical data obtained in this study suggest that amperozide produces preferential effects on the mesolimbic dopaminergic system. In addition, amperozide also interacts with the noradrenergic system.
Amperozide – effect on prolactin release in the rat
Authors: Albinsson A. , Eriksson E. , Andersson G. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractAmperozide, a new putatively antipsychotic drug was investigated for its effect on prolactin release in the rat. A significant decrease in the plasma concentration of prolactin was found at 30 minutes after treatment with amperozide. However, there was no effect of amperozide on prolactin release from isolated pituitary cells. These results suggest that there is no direct effect of amperozide on the pituitary lactotrophs and that the attenuation of prolactin secretion in vivo is mediated at a higher level.
FAILURE OF ADDITION OF LITHIUM TO IMIPRAMINE TO ENHANCE ACTIVITY IN RATS OR MOOD IN NORMAL VOLUNTEERS
Authors: Benjamin Jonathan , Belmaker RH , Berzovsky Yuli , Revasov Arsen , Kofman Ora 
Published: March 2009

AbstractLithium powerfully augments the effects of imipramine in resistant depression. We treated four groups of rats for five weeks with (1) saline alone, (2) saline followed by lithium, (3) imipramine alone, and (4) imipramine followed by lithium. There was no augmentation of activity by lithium. Normal human volunteers took imipramine 75 mg daily for three weeks, followed by imipramine 75 mg daily together with lithium 900 mg daily for another ten days. There was no elevation of mood after the addition of lithium. Lithium augmentation of antidepressants apparently requires a pre‐existing neurochemical‐behavioral disturbance.
Serotonin, Carbohydrates, and Atypical Depression
Authors: Møller Svend Erik 
Published: March 2009

AbstractAt least three categories of atypical depression have been described. The hysteroid dysphoria is characterized by repeated episodes of depressed mood in response to feeling rejected, and a craving for sweets and chocolate. Two other issues are characterized by a cyclical occurrence of changes of mood and appetite, i.e., the late luteal phase dysphoric disorder (DSM‐III‐R, appendix), or “the premenstrual syndrome” (PMS), and the major depression with seasonal pattern (DSM‐III‐R), or seasonal affective disorder (SAD). The reactive mood changes are frequently accompanied by features as hypersomnia, lethargy and increased appetite, particularly with a preference for carbohydrates.Central serotonin pathways participate in the regulation of mood and behavioural impulsivity, and modulate eating patterns qualitatively and quantitatively. Depressives with PMS og SAD benefit, in general, from treatments with serotonin potentiating drugs, suggesting that brain serotonin plays a role in the pathophysiology. Ingestion of carbohydrates increases the plasma ratio of tryptophan to other large neutral amino acids in man and animal, and the serotonin synthesis in the rat brain. Based on these findings it has been suggested that the excessive carbohydrate intake by patients with PMS and SAD reflects a selfmedication that temporarily relieves the vegetative symptoms via an increased central serotonergic activity.
The Concept of Multifactorial Etiology of Cancer
Authors: Olsen Jørn , Overvad Kim 
Published: March 2009

Abstract: The concept of causes is not just for professional philosophers to discuss. The epidemiologists also have to clarify how the concept is used since its meaning has profound implications for understanding basic measures of exposure‐disease association. The concept of cause also has importance when designing a study or when analyzing epidemiological data.The paper describes the components cause model and its relationship with the mechanism of disease action. A measure of interaction is also presented which is based upon the components cause model. The common sense concept of causes also plays a fundamental role for the success of a health preventive programme according to the Health Belief Model. The component cause model may clarify causal patterns in situations when only a few of the exposed get the disease which the programme tends to prevent.