bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Factors associated with unintended pregnancy and contraceptive practices in justice-involved adolescent girls in Australia
Authors: Smith Helene , Wilson Mandy , Donovan Basil , Jones Jocelyn , Butler Tony , Nathan Sally , Simpson Paul 
Published: June 2024

Introduction
Despite a decline in unintended teenage pregnancy in Australia, rates remain higher amongst justice-involved adolescent girls, who are more likely to be from disadvantaged socio-economic backgrounds, have histories of abuse, substance use and/or mental health issues. Furthermore, exposure to the criminal justice system may alter access to education and employment and opportunities, potentially resulting in distinct risk-factor profiles. We examine factors associated with unintended pregnancy, non-contraceptive use and Long-Acting Reversible Contraception (LARC) in a sample of sexually active, justice-involved adolescent girls from Western Australia and Queensland.

Methods
Data from the Mental Health, Sexual Health and Reproductive Health of Young People in Contact with the Criminal Justice System (MeH-JOSH) Study was analysed on 118 sexually active adolescent girls. Participants were aged between 14 and 17 years, purposefully sampled based on justice-system involvement and completed an anonymous telephone survey. We constructed two multivariate models taking reproductive outcomes as the dependent variables.

Results
Over one quarter (26%, 30/118) reported a past unintended pregnancy, 54 did not use any contraception at their last sexual encounter, and 17 reported LARC use. Following adjustments in the multivariate analysis, lifetime ecstasy use was associated with both unintended pregnancy (aOR 3.795, p = 0.022) and non-contraception use (aOR 4.562, p = 0.004). A history of physical abuse was also associated with both any contraception (aOR 3.024, p = 0.041) and LARC use (aOR 4.892, p = 0.050). Identifying as Aboriginal & Torres Strait Islander, education/employment status and geographic location appeared to have no association.

Conclusion
Our findings suggest that justice-involved adolescent girls have distinct risk factors associated with unplanned pregnancy and contraception use compared to the general population, but more research is required to understand the mechanisms and contexts underlying these risk factors. How exposure to physical violence may encourage contraception and LARC use, in particular, warrants further attention as does the association with ecstasy use.
Cnota umiarkowania w ujęciu Josefa Piepera
Authors: Jucewicz Antoni 
Published: June 2024

Josef Pieper (1904-1997) to niemiecki, katolicki ﬁlozof, jeden z głównych popularyzatorów myśli św. Tomasza z Akwinu w XX wieku. W artykule podjęta została analiza zagadnienia cnoty umiarkowania w ujęciu wspomnianego myśliciela. Zastosowane zostały następujące metody badawcze: krytyczna analizy źródeł oraz metoda dedukcyjna, aby następnie, za pomocą metody syntetycznej, uporządkować podjęte kwestie pod względem merytorycznym. Dla J. Piepera aktywność człowieka – ze względu na jego rozumność – winna być jednak ukierunkowana na dobro. Stąd konieczna jest dyscyplina wstrzemięźliwości. Osiągnięcie tego celu realizuje się poprzez czyn osoby. Wiąże się to z nieustannym wyborem dobra, opanowywaniem pożądliwości i niszczycielskiej siły grzechu. Całe życie człowieka jest związane z podejmowaniem trudu i zmagania na rzecz dojrzałości ludzkiej. Praktyka wstrzemięźliwości to w istocie realizacja osobowego ja, charakteryzującego się potrzebą zachowania swojej tożsamości jako bytu racjonalnego, duchowego. Praktykowanie umiarkowania prowadzi do wolności. Jest to wolność prawdziwej samorealizacji, wolność do spełnienia swego człowieczeństwa.
Spowiedź osób z zaburzeniem obsesyjno-kompulsyjnym (OCD)
Authors: Wąchol Grzegorz 
Published: June 2024

Celem artykułu jest ukazanie mechanizmów działania zaburzenia obsesyjno-kompulsyjnego w kontekście sakramentu pokuty i pojednania oraz wskazań dotyczących pożądanego przebiegu tego sakramentu w przypadku osób z tą jednostką chorobową. Wierni Kościoła katolickiego, podobnie jak pozostałe grupy społeczne, są narażeni na zaburzenie obsesyjno-kompulsyjne, a sama spowiedź może, oprócz skutków duchowych, przynieść także korzyści psychiczne. Artykuł analizuje podstawowe cechy zaburzenia obsesyjno-kompulsyjnego oraz poszczególne etapy spowiedzi i prezentuje adekwatny sposób podejścia spowiednika do penitenta. Tekst podkreśla też konieczność przygotowania merytorycznego i praktycznego spowiedników. Dzięki temu spowiedź osób z omawianym zaburzeniem może być duchowym uzdrowieniem i spotkaniem z Bogiem bogatym w miłosierdzie, a nie kolejnym doświadczeniem lęku.
Stiffening of the human proximal pulmonary artery with increasing age
Authors: Manning Edward P. , Mishall Priti , Ramachandra Abhay B. , Hassab Abdulrahman H. M. , Lamy Jerome , Peters Dana C. , Murphy Terrence E. , Heerdt Paul , Singh Inderjit , Downie Sherry , Choudhary Gaurav , Tellides George , Humphrey Jay D. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAdverse effects of large artery stiffening are well established in the systemic circulation; stiffening of the proximal pulmonary artery (PPA) and its sequelae are poorly understood. We combined in vivo (n = 6) with ex vivo data from cadavers (n = 8) and organ donors (n = 13), ages 18 to 89, to assess whether aging of the PPA associates with changes in distensibility, biaxial wall strain, wall thickness, vessel diameter, and wall composition. Aging exhibited significant negative associations with distensibility and cyclic biaxial strain of the PPA (p ≤ 0.05), with decreasing circumferential and axial strains of 20% and 7%, respectively, for every 10 years after 50. Distensibility associated directly with diffusion capacity of the lung (R2 = 0.71, p = 0.03). Axial strain associated with right ventricular ejection fraction (R2 = 0.76, p = 0.02). Aging positively associated with length of the PPA (p = 0.004) and increased luminal caliber (p = 0.05) but showed no significant association with mean wall thickness (1.19 mm, p = 0.61) and no significant differences in the proportions of mural elastin and collagen (p = 0.19) between younger (<50 years) and older (>50) ex vivo samples. We conclude that age‐related stiffening of the PPA differs from that of the aorta; microstructural remodeling, rather than changes in overall geometry, may explain age‐related stiffening.
Rhodococcus equiandBrucellapulmonary mass in immunocompetent: A case report and literature review
Authors: Li Pengfei , Zhang Lifang , Li Xicheng , Zhang Xuejuan 
Published: June 2024

AbstractRhodococcus equi, predominantly recognized as an opportunistic pathogen affecting immunocompromised hosts, andBrucella, a widespread zoonotic bacterium, infrequently co-infect immunocompetent adults, thereby posing a distinctive diagnostic challenge. Here, we describe a case involving a 53-year-old male with a history of goat farming, who presented with persistent chest tightness, cough, and notable weight loss, absent fever. Radiological and bronchoscopic assessments showed a right hilar mass, extensive vertebral destruction, and bronchial lesions, deviating from the typical symptoms associated with either pathogen. Laboratory analyses confirmed a co-infection involvingR. equiandBrucella. Initial therapy with levofloxacin and vancomycin proved ineffective; however, a subsequent treatment regimen comprising azithromycin, etimicin, minocycline, and moxifloxacin resulted in substantial clinical improvement. This case accentuates the intricacies involved in diagnosing and managing atypical co-infections in immunocompetent individuals and underscores the importance of careful microbiological testing to inform effective therapeutic strategies.
Ethical Checklists for Clinical Research Projects and Laboratory Medicine: two tools to evaluate compliance with bioethical principles in different settings
Authors: Verona Julián , Yilmaz Gülsen , Zaninotto Martina , Munsaka Sody , Serdarevic Nafija , Datta Sudip K. , Wiencek Joesph , Fink Nilda 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Objectives
To develop two ethical checklists to evaluate (i) management of ethical concerns in research projects and (ii) awareness of ethical conduct of healthcare laboratory professionals.

Methods
Comprehensive discussion among the members of IFCC Task Force on Ethics based on pertinent literature.

Results
This Checklist for Clinical Research Projects should be useful to evaluate research proposals from an ethical perspective before submitting it to an IRB or its equivalent, thereby diminishing rejection rates and resulting in more time-effective projects. The checklist designed to evaluate the ethical conduct in laboratory medicine could be useful for self evaluation (internal audits) and for certification/accreditation processes performed by third parties.

Conclusions
These checklists are simple but powerful tools useful to guide professionals to adhere to ethical principles in their practice, especially in developing countries where accredited ethics committees may be difficult to find.
Point-of-care testing: state-of-the art and perspectives
Authors: Plebani Mario , Nichols James H. , Luppa Peter B. , Greene Dina , Sciacovelli Laura , Shaw Julie , Khan Adil I. , Carraro Paolo , Freckmann Guido , Dimech Wayne , Zaninotto Martina , Spannagl Michael , Huggett Jim , Kost Gerald J. , Trenti Tommaso , Padoan Andrea , Thomas Annette , Banfi Giuseppe , Lippi Giuseppe 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Point-of-care testing (POCT) is becoming an increasingly popular way to perform laboratory tests closer to the patient. This option has several recognized advantages, such as accessibility, portability, speed, convenience, ease of use, ever-growing test panels, lower cumulative healthcare costs when used within appropriate clinical pathways, better patient empowerment and engagement, and reduction of certain pre-analytical errors, especially those related to specimen transportation. On the other hand, POCT also poses some limitations and risks, namely the risk of lower accuracy and reliability compared to traditional laboratory tests, quality control and connectivity issues, high dependence on operators (with varying levels of expertise or training), challenges related to patient data management, higher costs per individual test, regulatory and compliance issues such as the need for appropriate validation prior to clinical use (especially for rapid diagnostic tests; RDTs), as well as additional preanalytical sources of error that may remain undetected in this type of testing, which is usually based on whole blood samples (i.e., presence of interfering substances, clotting, hemolysis, etc.). There is no doubt that POCT is a breakthrough innovation in laboratory medicine, but the discussion on its appropriate use requires further debate and initiatives. This collective opinion paper, composed of abstracts of the lectures presented at the two-day expert meeting “Point-Of-Care-Testing: State of the Art and Perspective” (Venice, April 4–5, 2024), aims to provide a thoughtful overview of the state-of-the-art in POCT, its current applications, advantages and potential limitations, as well as some interesting reflections on the future perspectives of this particular field of laboratory medicine.
Metasurface frequency reconfigurable antenna optimizes using neural network algorithm for wireless applications
Authors: D Vishnu , Shahul Hameed T. A. , O Sheeba , Barde Chetan , Ranjan Prakash 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
As the demand increases in the field of wireless communication system, the interest of researchers increases to develop and analyzes the antenna for these applications. This article present metasurface (MS) frequency reconfigurable antenna (FRA) which is optimized using neural network (NN) approach. The designed structure is a multilayer consists of three-layer patch antenna placed under the MS structure. The resonating patch is a rectangular shaped and substrate is a circular shaped show as to reduce the geometry of the antenna. The proposed structure is fabricated on FR-4 substrate of thickness 1.6 mm. The MS structure consists of split ring rectangular (SRR) strips made up of copper. The antenna reconfigured the operating frequency from 4.85 to 7 GHz having overall bandwidth of 2.15 GHz with wide range of tuning. The central frequency of rectangular patch antenna is 6.15 GHz. The MS is analyzed by using effective parameters i.e., effective permittivity (ε
r) & effective permeability (μ
r) and it is observed that the MS is behaving as a metamaterial in the desired range of frequency. The reconfigured operating frequency (ROF) is found at the anticlockwise rotation angles of 0°, 30°, 600 and 90°. The realized gain and radiation efficiency are calculated at each ROF. The validation of proposed MS based FRA is carried out first by simulating using Ansys HFSS and then measured inside the anechoic chamber. The proposed antenna is optimizes using NN model which shows minimum error during analysis and synthesis process.
Face detection method based on improved YOLO-v4 network and attention mechanism
Authors: Qi Yue , Wang Yiqin , Dong Yunyun 
Published: June 2024

AbstractDue to insufficient information and feature extraction in existing face-detection methods, as well as limited computing power, designing high-precision and efficient face-detection algorithms is an open challenge. Based on this, we propose an improved face detection algorithm. First, through 1 × 1’s common convolution block (CBL) expands the channel for feature extraction, introduces a depthwise separable residual network into the YOLO-v4 network to further reduce the amount of model computation, and uses CBL to reduce the dimension, so as to improve the efficiency of the subsequent network. Second, the improved attention mechanism is used to splice the high-level features, and the high-level features and the shallow features are fused to obtain the feature vectors containing more information, so as to improve the richness and representativeness of the feature vectors. Finally, the experimental results show that compared with other comparative methods, our method achieves the best results on public face datasets, and our performance in personal face detection is significantly better than other methods.
“It feels like you have to choose one or the other”: a qualitative analysis of obstetrician focus groups on periviability counseling
Authors: Johnson Katherine M. , Delaney Kathryn , Fischer Melissa A. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Objectives
The objective of this study was to gain knowledge and ascertain challenges about periviability counseling among obstetricians to inform curricular development.

Methods
Focus groups were utilized. A series of open-ended questions was posed to each group of obstetricians; responses were audio recorded and transcribed. Transcriptions were analyzed by two coders using thematic analysis.

Results
Four focus groups were convened. Prominent themes included: (1) Obstetrician knowledge about neonatal outcomes is limited, (2) Periviability counseling is both time intensive and time-challenged, (3) Patient processing of information relies on the content, delivery and patient readiness, and (4) Obstetrician bias is toward advocating for maternal safety, which may run counter to parental instinct to “do everything.” The last theme was specifically focused on the role of cesarean delivery.

Conclusions
Curricula focused on improving obstetrician periviability counseling should focus on neonatal outcomes, the role of cesarean delivery, and utilization of shared decision-making.
Exploring polyetheretherketone in dental implants and abutments: A focus on biomechanics and finite element methods
Authors: Hanna Eddie Gazo , Amine Semaan , Prasad Benrose , Younes Khaled 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This review article investigates the properties and applications of polyetheretherketone (PEEK) in the field of dental implantology. PEEK has emerged as a significant material of interest due to its mechanical strength, biocompatibility, and radiolucency. The article provides a detailed examination of PEEK’s biocompatibility and the various reinforcements that enhance its performance, including PEEK/HA, PEEK/β-TCP–TiO2, and CFR-PEEK. Focusing on dental applications, we discuss PEEK’s use in implant abutments, fixed dental prostheses, implants, and its commercial forms available for dental use. Further, the mechanical behavior of PEEK and its composites is analyzed, including its elastic behavior under various stress conditions and wear resistance. Moreover, the article conducts an integrative systematic review on the stress distribution in dental implants or abutments made from reinforced PEEK composites, assessed through finite element analysis. The aim of this review is to provide insights into the current state of research, the benefits, challenges, and future prospects of PEEK in implantology, and the biomechanical evaluation methods that underpin the development of this promising material.
Matrix equation representation of the convolution equation and its unique solvability
Authors: Satake Yuki , Sogabe Tomohiro , Kemmochi Tomoya , Zhang Shao-Liang 
Published: June 2024

AbstractWe consider the convolution equationF*X=BF* X=B, whereF∈R3×3F\in {{\mathbb{R}}}^{3\times 3}andB∈Rm×nB\in {{\mathbb{R}}}^{m\times n}are given andX∈Rm×nX\in {{\mathbb{R}}}^{m\times n}is to be determined. The convolution equation can be regarded as a linear system with a coefficient matrix of special structure. This fact has led to many studies including efficient numerical algorithms for solving the convolution equation. In this study, we show that the convolution equation can be represented as a generalized Sylvester equation. Furthermore, for some realistic examples arising from image processing, we show that the generalized Sylvester equation can be reduced to a simpler form, and we analyze the unique solvability of the convolution equation.
THE ROLE OF MODELING IN IMPROVING THE PROFESSIONAL SKILLS OF A TEACHER IN HIGHER EDUCATION
Authors: KOVALCHUK Vera 
Published: June 2024

In the article scientific views on the definition of "modeling", "professional skill" were considered. The main approaches to understanding the essence of modeling in the modern scientific literature were analyzed. The scientist notes that modeling is inextricably linked with the design, motivational and activity spheres of personality. The author traces the relationship between the concepts of "modeling" and "design" and concludes that it is important to motivate students to use pedagogical modeling in the educational process. The activity will be more effective and efficient on condition of presence of strong and bright reasons that will motivate to action.
Modeling is an important component of the professional skills of any specialist. Given the analysis of the concept of professional skill, it is argued that it covers motives, knowledge, skills, abilities. In each component, pedagogical skills are manifested at different levels of activity. It is proved that pedagogical skill is concretized by the author as a complex personal formation, covering the sphere of moral values, emotions, intellect. The author emphasized that pedagogical skills can be formed due to special conditions, the main of which is the motivation for creative activity. The professional training of a teacher of a higher education institution to use modeling in the educational process were considered.
Why write about Stus or Continuing the beginning
Authors: Kozlyk Ihor 
Published: June 2024

The article contains thoughts on the motivation of new appeals to the literary understanding of Vasyl Stus’s lyrical heritage (1938–1985). Aim. To focus on the need for a non-inertial approach to V. Stus’s lyric poetry as a living artistic phenomenon. Methods. Systematization and analysis of assessments of Stus’s lyric poetry in correlation with the poet's self-assessment of his own poetic works. Results and research novelty. The idea of a non-inertial approach to the lyrical poetry by V. Stus is substantiated. Practical meaning. The article can be used in the research of the methodological grounds of the scientific study of literary and artistic phenomena and in the process of studying V. Stus’s works in universities and schools.
Tunable alexandrite laser for lidar systems
Authors: ПАНЧЕНКО Ю.Н. , ПУЧИКИН А.В. , АНДРЕЕВ М.В. , КОНОВАЛОВ И.Н. , ГОРЛОВ Е.В. 
Published: June 2024

Развитие лазерных технологий приводит к повышению требований, предъявляемых к разрабатываемым лазерам, генерирующим узкополосное излучение с различными длинами волн. Повышается значимость использования перестраиваемых по длинам волн диодных и вибронных лазеров, имеющих широкополосные контуры усиления. В работе показана возможность формирования в твердотельном лазере на александрите высококогерентного излучения при использовании оригинального составного резонатора, включающего в себя дополнительный внешний дисперсионный резонатор. Приведены результаты экспериментальных исследований по определению условий формирования в таком резонаторе узкополосного (менее 20 пм) излучения с возможностью плавной перестройки длины волны генерации в спектральном диапазоне 740–780 нм. Продемонстрировано получение в александритовом лазере узкополосной генерации с энергией излучения 30 мДж и длительностью импульса 35 нс. Созданный компактный узкополосный александритовый лазер может эффективно заменять параметрические генераторы и Ti:Sapphire-лазеры в лидарных системах, работающих в диапазоне 700–850 нм.
The development of laser technologies leads to high requirements for lasers being developed which generate narrow-band radiation with different wavelengths. In view of this, the importance of wavelength-tunable diode and vibronic lasers with broadband amplification circuits increases. The possibility of generating highly coherent radiation in a solid-state alexandrite laser using an original composite resonator which includes an additional external dispersive resonator has been demonstrated. The results of experimental studies of conditions for the generation of narrow-band (less than 20 pm) radiation in such a resonator with the possibility of smooth tuning of the lasing wavelength in the spectral range 740–780 nm are presented. Narrow-band lasing in an alexandrite laser with a radiation energy of 30 mJ and a pulse duration of 35 ns was demonstrated. The created compact narrow-band alexandrite laser can be an effective alternative to parametric oscillators (OPO) and Ti:Sapphire lasers in lidar systems operating in the spectral range 700–850 nm.