bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigation of unmatured hematopoietic cell migration in a mouse model
Authors: Biziulevičienė Gene , Kašėta Vytautas , Ramanauskaitė Giedrė , Vaitkuvienė Aida 
Published: June 2010

Abstract
The objective of this work was to examine the migration of transplanted bone marrow hematopoietic lin− cell population using the BALB/c mouse contact hypersensitivity model in vivo and to determine the time point at which they reach the site of injury (paw edema) as well as other undamaged organs, such as liver and spleen. Female BALB/c mice with induced contact hypersensitivity reaction were intravenously injected with 1×106 cells/mouse lin− cells, labeled with PKH67. The presence of lin− stained cells in mouse tissue sections was evaluated by fluorescent microscopy. After one hour, the labeled cells were found in mice paw edema and liver, and after 4 hours in spleen tissue. Migrated hematopoietic lin− cells remained in liver tissue for 48 h, and in spleen and paw edema at least for 72 h. Migrated stained cells in untreated paw were not found. The results prove that bone marrow unmatured hematopoietic cells are first found in paw edema, where they participate in the inhibition of tissue inflammation; these cells subsequently migrate to the liver and are found in the spleen shortly afterwards.
Antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of the lichens Anaptychya ciliaris, Nephroma parile, Ochrolechia tartarea and Parmelia centrifuga
Authors: Ranković Branislav , Ranković Darko , Kosanić Marijana , Marić Danijela 
Published: June 2010

Abstract
The aim of this study was to characterize the antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of the methanol extracts of: Anaptychya ciliaris, Nephroma parile, Ochrolechia tartarea and Parmelia centrifuga. The methanol extract of the P. centrifuga showed a strong antioxidant activity, in comparison to the extracts from A. ciliaris, O. tartarea and N. parile which were relatively weaker. Furthermore, the methanol extract of the lichen P. centrifuga was shown to contain the highest total phenol content (54.19 mg/g of the dry extract). Interestingly, a statistically significant positive relationship between the antioxidant activity and the total phenol content was observed. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) against six bacterial and eleven fungi was established for the methanol extracts from each of species of lichens. The methanol extracts of the lichens P. centrifuga and O. tartarea showed the strongest both antibacterial and antifungal activity. Taken together, the results from this study suggest that the lichens P. centrifuga and O. tartarea may be used as a natural source of antioxidants in addition to providing certain antimicrobial features.
Antibacterial activity of oleanolic and ursolic acids and their derivatives
Authors: Wolska Krystyna , Grudniak Anna , Fiecek Beata , Kraczkiewicz-Dowjat Anna , Kurek Anna 
Published: June 2010

Abstract
Bacterial resistance to antibiotics is increasing at an alarming rate and many commonly used antibiotics are no longer effective. Thus, there is considerable interest in investigating novel antibacterial compounds, such as the plant-derived pentacyclic triterpenoids, including oleanolic acid (OA), ursolic acid (UA) and their derivatives. These compounds can be isolated from many medicinal and crop plants and their antibacterial, antiviral, antiulcer and anti-inflammatory effects are well documented. OA and UA are active against many bacterial species, particularly Gram-positive species, including mycobacteria. They inhibit bacterial growth and survival, and the spectrum of minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) values is very broad. In addition, OA, UA and their derivatives display potent antimutagenic activity. Studies to identify the cellular targets and molecular mechanisms of OA and UA action were initiated a few years ago and it has already been demonstrated that both acids influence bacterial gene expression, the formation and maintenance of biofilms, cell autolysis and peptidoglycan turnover. Before these compounds can be used clinically as antimicrobial agents, further extensive studies are required to determine their cytotoxicity and the optimum mode of their application.
Genotoxicity of barley stripe mosaic virus in infected host plants
Authors: Andronic Larisa , Jacota Anatol , Bujoreanu Valeriu , Grigorov Tatyana 
Published: June 2010

Abstract
A comparative study of the effect of barley stripe mosaic virus (BSMV) and gamma irradiation on mitotic divisions in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) roots was performed by evaluating the mitotic index (MI), micronucleus (MN) frequency and sister chromatid exchanges (SCE). Results indicate that, similarly to gamma irradiation at doses of 100, 150 and 250 Gy, BSMV reduces the mitotic activity, increases the micronucleus frequency and the rate of SCE and promotes the formation of C-metaphases. In root meristematic cells of the three barley cultivars studied (Galactic, Sonor and Unirea), the mitotic index of infected plants was found to be 52.5, 54.48 and 64.17%, respectively, lower than the uninfected control. An increase in frequency of sister chromatid exchanges was observed in all the experimental variants. In treatments involving viral infection alone or in combination with gamma irradiation chromosomes with three and more chromatid exchanges were observed, while their percentage in the control or in treatments with gamma irradiation alone was reduced. The results of the study indicate that in plants derived from irradiated seeds, BSMV produces an effect that is correlated nonlinearly with the radiation dose applied. Cytological analysis of mitotic divisions in barley roots revealed the genotoxicity of BSMV infection.
The contents of risk elements, arsenic speciation, and possible interactions of elements and betalains in beetroot (Beta vulgaris, L.) growing in contaminated soil
Authors: Száková Jiřina , Havlík Jaroslav , Valterová Barbora , Tlustoš Pavel , Goessler Walter 
Published: June 2010

Abstract
The effect of enhanced soil risk element contents on the uptake of As, Cd, Pb, and Zn was determined in two pot experiments. Simultaneously, transformation of arsenic and its compounds in beetroot (Beta vulgaris L.) plants was investigated. The mobile fractions of elements were determined in 0.05 mol L−1 (NH4)2SO4 extracts and did not exceed 2% of total soil arsenic, 9% of total cadmium, 3% of total lead, and 8% of total zinc, respectively. Although the soils were extremely contaminated the mobile portions of the elements represented only a small fragment of the total element content. Arsenic contents in beet plants reached up to 25 mg As kg−1 in roots and 48 mg As kg−1 in leaves in the soil characterized by the highest mobile arsenic portion. Arsenic portions extractable with water and phosphate buffer from the beetroot samples did not show significant differences between the extraction agents but the extractability was affected by the arsenic concentration. Arsenic was almost quantitatively extractable from the samples with the lowest total arsenic concentration, whereas in the samples with the highest total arsenic concentration less than 25% was extractable. Arsenate was the dominant arsenic compound in the extracts (70% in phosphate buffer, 50% in water extracts). A small portion of dimethylarsinic acid, not exceeding 0.5%, was detected only in the sample growing in the soil with the highest arsenic concentration. The role of betalains (betanin, isobetanin, vulgaxanthin I and vulgaxanthin II) in transformation/detoxification of arsenic in plants was not confirmed in this experiment because the plants were able to grow in the contaminated soil without any symptoms of arsenic toxicity.
Constraints on the origin of gabbroic rocks from the Moldanubian-Moravian units boundary (Bohemian Massif, Czech Republic and Austria)
Authors: Ulrych Jaromír , Ackerman Lukáš , Kachlík Václav , Hegner Ernst , Balogh Kadosa , Langrová Anna , Luna Jan , Fediuk Ferry , Lang Miloš , Filip Jiří 
Published: June 2010

Constraints on the origin of gabbroic rocks from the Moldanubian-Moravian units boundary (Bohemian Massif, Czech Republic and Austria)Gabbroic bodies from the Moldanubian Monotonous Group (Maříž) and the Moravian Vratěnín Unit (other sites), often showing retrogressive recrystallization at their margins in the amphibolite-facies grade, have norite, gabbronorite, gabbro and hornblendite compositions. Gabbros with preserved coronitic textures are limited to the Vratěnín Unit. The estimated equilibration temperatures derived from plagioclase-amphibole pairs and orthopyroxene Ca contents calculated for pressures 5-10 kbar overlap for coronitic (700-840 °C) and non-coronitic gabbroic rocks (680-850 °C). Although the Moldanubian (Maříž) gabbroic rocks are more Mg-rich compared to the Moravian gabbroids, they show crust-like La/Nb ratios of 2.1-6.6 characteristic of subduction-related magmatic rocks coupled with uniform low εNdvalues of + 0.6 to + 0.7. Apparent subduction-related features are probably caused by contamination by juvenile crust and/or by metamorphic fluid rich in incompatible elements during the Variscan metamorphism. Samples from Korolupy-Nonndorf and Mešovice have La/Nb ratios < 1.7 and show negative correlations between La/Nb and εNd. Such decoupling between La/Nb and εNdcould be attributed to contamination of the subduction-related parent magma by crustal material with higher La/Nb and lower εNdvalues. Samples from Uherčice show ambiguous geochemical patterns inherited from contamination by very old recycled material. Gabbroic rocks from Maříž should represent an underplated, partly layered cumulate body of continental tholeiite composition, strongly influenced by crustal contamination. In contrast, gabbroic bodies from the Vratěnín Unit, having a close spatial relationship to the surrounding garnet amphibolites, were emplaced into a lithologically variable passive margin sequence probably during the Cadomian extension.
An Early Miocene biserial foraminiferal event in the Transylvanian Basin (Romania)
Authors: Beldean Claudia , Filipescu Sorin , Bălc Ramona 
Published: June 2010

An Early Miocene biserial foraminiferal event in the Transylvanian Basin (Romania)Investigations of the Lower Miocene of the Transylvanian Basin reveal particularly high abundances (> 90 % of total foraminifera) of small sized biserial foraminifera (Bolivina/Streptochilus). This biotic event has not been noticed in the Transylvanian Basin so far probably owing to the facies misinterpretation and the small size of the specimens. SEM investigations allow more precise identification of biserial planktonic taxa and more accurate taxonomic interpretations. The high abundance ofBolivina/Streptochilusassemblages provide evidence for paleogeographic connections to the Indo-Pacific area and support new paleoenvironmental interpretations at the transition from the Early to Middle Miocene in relation to the paleoceanographic events. Both planktonic foraminifera and calcareous nannoplankton suggest a late Burdigalian age. A newBolivina/StreptochilusAbundance Biozone is proposed just below the Early/Middle Miocene boundary.
Devonian in Turkey — a review
Authors: Yalçin M. , Yilmaz Isak 
Published: June 2010

Devonian in Turkey — a reviewThe Devonian Period is represented in Turkey by almost complete non-metamorphic sections of more than 1000 meters, which exhibit varying lithofacial associations. They are parts of thick Paleozoic sedimentary successions in the Pontides, Taurides and Arabian Plate. The tectonic setting and the paleogeographical origin of these terranes is different. Therefore, the litho- and biostratigraphy and facies characteristics of these Devonian successions would enable a comparison and a paleogeographical assignment of these tectono-stratigraphic units. Devonian successions of the Arabian Plate and of the Taurides are represented by facies associations ranging from tidal flat to a deep shelf. Whereas, those of the Istanbul and Çamdağ-Zonguldak areas in the Pontides by a deepening upward sequence from a shallow shelf into a basin and a stable shelf, respectively. The Devonian of the Arabian Plate and the Taurides can surely be assigned to Gondwana. A Peri-Gondwanan (Avalonian) setting is suggested for the paleogeographic position of the Devonian of the Pontides.
Surgery for catastrophic epilepsy in infants 6 months of age and younger
Authors: Gowda Shaila , Salazar Fortino , Bingaman William E. , Kotagal Prakash , Lachhwani Deepak L. , Gupta Ajay , Davis Stephen , Niezgoda Julie , Wyllie Elaine 
Published: June 2010

Object
Few data are available concerning efficacy and safety of surgery for catastrophic epilepsy in the first 6 months of life.

Methods
The authors retrospectively analyzed epilepsy surgeries in 15 infants ranging in age from 1.5 to 6 months (median 4 months) and weight from 4 to 10 kg (median 7 kg) who underwent anatomical (4 patients) or functional (7 patients) hemispherectomy, or frontal (1 patient), frontoparietal (2 patients), or parietooccipital (1 patient) resection for life-threatening catastrophic epilepsy due to malformation of cortical development.

Results
No patient died. Intraoperative complications included an acute ischemic infarction with hemiparesis in our youngest, smallest infant. The most frequent complication was blood loss requiring transfusion, which was encountered in every case. The estimated blood loss was 3–214% (median 63%) of the total blood volume. At maximum follow-up of 6–121 months (median 60 months), 46% were seizure free.

Conclusions
Epilepsy surgery may be effective in young infants as it is in older children. However, intraoperative blood loss and risk of permanent postoperative neurological deficits present significant challenges.
Transnasal odontoid resection followed by posterior decompression and occipitocervical fusion in children with Chiari malformation Type I and ventral brainstem compression
Authors: Hankinson Todd C. , Grunstein Eli , Gardner Paul , Spinks Theodore J. , Anderson Richard C. E. 
Published: June 2010

Object
In rare cases, children with a Chiari malformation Type I (CM-I) suffer from concomitant, irreducible, ventral brainstem compression that may result in cranial neuropathies or brainstem dysfunction. In these circumstances, a 360° decompression supplemented by posterior stabilization and fusion is required. In this report, the authors present the first experience with using an endoscopic transnasal corridor to accomplish ventral decompression in children with CM-I that is complicated by ventral brainstem compression.

Methods
Two children presented with a combination of occipital headaches, swallowing dysfunction, myelopathy, and/or progressive scoliosis. Imaging studies demonstrated CM-I with severely retroflexed odontoid processes and ventral brainstem compression. Both patients underwent an endoscopic transnasal approach for ventral decompression, followed by posterior decompression, expansive duraplasty, and occipital-cervical fusion.

Results
In both patients the endoscopic transnasal approach provided excellent ventral access to decompress the brainstem. When compared with the transoral approach, endoscopic transnasal access presents 4 potential advantages: 1) excellent prevertebral exposure in patients with small oral cavities; 2) a surgical corridor located above the hard palate to decompress rostral pathological entities more easily; 3) avoidance of the oral trauma and edema that follows oral retractor placement; and 4) avoidance of splitting the soft or hard palate in patients with oral-palatal dysfunction from ventral brainstem compression.

Conclusions
The endoscopic transnasal approach is atraumatic to the oral cavity, and offers a more superior region of exposure when compared with the standard transoral approach. Depending on their comfort level with endoscopic surgical techniques, pediatric neurosurgeons should consider this approach in children with pathological entities requiring ventral brainstem decompression.
The temperature regime of Fimbulisen, Antarctica
Authors: Humbert Angelika 
Published: June 2010

AbstractNumerical simulations of the temperature regime of the ice shelf Fimbulisen, Antarctica, are presented. A vertical temperature profile (S1) of Fimbulisen has been measured at the extension of Jutulstraumen, in which the temperature decreases with depth. The three-dimensional steady-state temperature field was computed by a finite-element technique. Horizontal flow velocities and surface accumulation rates were derived from observations. The basal melt rate distribution arose from an assumption of balance in the mass continuity equation. The computed basal melt rate distribution (ab) indicates that the highest basal melt rates, up to 15 m a 1 occur at the inflow gate of Jutulstraumen, and low basal melt rates (<0.6ma 1) occur in the slower moving parts. Where the ice shelf overhangs the continental shelf, ab ~1.2ma−1 . The resulting temperature field indicates that Fimbulisen consists of a cold middle part, built up by the extension of Jutulstraumen, and warmer ice masses in slow-moving areas to the west and east. Furthermore, model runs were set up in which the atmospheric temperatures increased in +1 K steps. The results suggest that the warming effectively increases the temperatures throughout the ice column in the slower-moving parts, therefore enhancing shear at the margins of the extension of Jutulstraumen.
Mapping the grounding zone of the Ross Ice Shelf, Antarctica, using ICESat laser altimetry
Authors: Brunt Kelly M. , Fricker Helen A. , Padman Laurie , Scambos Ted A. , O’Neel Shad 
Published: June 2010

AbstractWe use laser altimetry from the Ice, Cloud, and land Elevation Satellite (ICESat) to map the grounding zone (GZ) of the Ross Ice Shelf, Antarctica, at 491 locations where ICESat tracks cross the grounding line (GL). Ice flexure in the GZ occurs as the ice shelf responds to short-term sea-level changes due primarily to tides. ICESat repeat-track analysis can be used to detect this region of flexure since each repeated pass is acquired at a different tidal phase; the technique provides estimates for both the landward limit of flexure and the point where the ice becomes hydrostatically balanced. We find that the ICESat-derived landward limits of tidal flexure are, in many places, offset by several km (and up to ∼60km) from the GL mapped previously using other satellite methods. We discuss the reasons why different mapping methods lead to different GL estimates, including: instrument limitations; variability in the surface topographic structure of the GZ; and the presence of ice plains. We conclude that reliable and accurate mapping of the GL is most likely to be achieved when based on synthesis of several satellite datasets.
Modelled response of the volume and thickness of the Antarctic ice sheet to the advance of the grounded area
Authors: Saito Fuyuki , Abe-Ouchi Ayako 
Published: June 2010

AbstractNumerical experiments are performed for the Antarctic ice sheet to study the sensitivity of the ice volume to variations in the area of grounded ice and to changes in the climate during the most recent deglaciation. The effect of the variations in the grounded area is found to be the major source of changes in the ice volume, while the effect of climate change was minor. The maximum possible contribution of the ice-volume change to sea-level rise during the deglaciation is estimated to be 36 m, which covers most values estimated in previous studies. The effect of the advance of the ice-sheet margin over those regions not connected to the major ice shelves contributes one-third of the total ice-volume change, which is comparable to the effect of the grounding of the Filchner–Ronne Ice Shelf and the contribution of the Ross and Amery Ice Shelves together.
New amphiphilic glycopolymers by click functionalization of random copolymers – application to the colloidal stabilisation of polymer nanoparticles and their interaction with concanavalin A lectin
Authors: Otman Otman , Boullanger Paul , Drockenmuller Eric , Hamaide Thierry 
Published: June 2010

Glycopolymers with mannose units were readily prepared by click chemistry of an azido mannopyranoside derivative and a poly(propargyl acrylate-co-N-vinyl pyrrolidone). These glycopolymers were used as polymer surfactants, in order to obtain glycosylated polycaprolactone nanoparticles. Optimum stabilization for long time storage was achieved by using a mixture of glycopolymers and the non-ionic triblock copolymer Pluronic® F-68. The mannose moieties are accessible at the surface of nanoparticles and available for molecular recognition by concanavalin A lectin. Interaction of mannose units with the lectin were evaluated by measuring the changes in nanoparticles size by dynamic light scattering in dilute media.
Synthesis and crossover reaction of TEMPO containing block copolymer via ROMP
Authors: Adekunle Olubummo , Tanner Susanne , Binder Wolfgang H 
Published: June 2010

We report on the block copolymerization of two structurally different norbornene monomers (±)-endo,exo-bicyclo[2.2.1]-hept-5-ene-2,3-dicarboxylic acid dimethylester (7), and (±)-endo,exo-bicyclo[2.2.1]-hept-5-ene-2,3-dicarboxylic acid bis(1-oxyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-piperidin-4-yl) ester (9) using ruthenium based Grubbs’ type initiators [(PCy3)2Cl2Ru(benzylidene)]G1(PCy3 = tricyclohexylphosphine), [(H2IMes)(PCy3)Cl2Ru(benzylidene)]G2(H2IMes = 1,3-bis(mesityl)-2-imidazolidinylidene), [(H2IMes)(py)2Cl2Ru(benzylidene)]G3(py = pyridine or 3-bromopyridine) and Umicore type initiators [(PCy3)2Cl2Ru(3-phenylinden-1-ylidene)]U1(PCy3 = tricyclohexylphosphine), [(H2IMes)(PCy3)Cl2Ru(3-phenylinden-1-ylidene)]U2(H2IMes = 1,3-bis(mesityl)-2-imidazolidinylidene), [(H2IMes)(py)Cl2Ru(3-phenylinden-1-ylidene)]U3(py = pyridine or 3-bromopyridine) via ring opening polymerization (ROMP). The crossover reaction and the polymerization kinetics were investigated using matrix assisted laser desorption ionization mass spectroscopy (MALDI-TOF) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), respectively. MALDI showed that there was a complete crossover reaction after the addition of 25 equivalents of the second monomer. NMR investigation showed thatU3gave a faster rate of polymerization in comparison toU1. The synthesis of block copolymers with molecular weights up toMn= 31 000 g/mol with low polydispersities (Mw/Mn= 1.2) is reported.