bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bortezomib Plus Thalidomide for Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma in China
Authors: Chen Shi‐Lun , Jiang Bin , Qiu Lu‐Gui , Yu Li , Zhong Yu‐Ping , Gao Wen 
Published: August 2010

AbstractThe aim of this Phase II study was to determine the efficacy and safety of combined bortezomib and thalidomide (VT) regime as initial treatment for newly diagnosed patients with multiple myeloma (MM) in China. Thirty‐four patients have been enrolled in this study and were planned to receive VT regime up to eight 21‐day cycles. Bortezomib (1.3 mg/m2) was given intravenously on days 1, 4, 8, and 11, while oral thalidomide (100 mg/day) was given on days 1 to 21. The primary end point was clinical response; the secondary end point was safety. Among 34 patients enrolled, 26 patients were able to complete the planned eight cycles of therapy. After eight cycles, the overall response rate was 100% (complete response 31%; near‐complete response 23%; partial response 42%; minimal response 4%). The best response occurred within the first four cycles in 96% of patients. Adverse events included hematologic (53%), peripheral neuropathy (38%), fatigue (35%), gastrointestinal (45%), and fever (32%). Grade 3 nonhematologic adverse events included four patients (12%) with renal failure associated with tumor lysis syndrome, one patient (3%) with peripheral sensory and motor neuropathy that improved with VT dose reduction, and one patient (3%) with hypotension. One patient (3%) experienced Grade 4 thrombocytopenia. No patient experienced deep venous thrombosis, while 1 patient (3%) died due to acute renal failure. In conclusion, Bortezomib in combination with thalidomide is a very effective regimen for newly diagnosed MM patients and the toxicities are manageable. Anat Rec 293:1679–1684, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Coexpression of Serotonin and Nitric Oxide in the Raphe Complex: Cortical Versus Subcortical Circuit
Authors: Lu Yuefeng , Simpson Kimberly L. , Weaver Kristin J. , Lin Rick C.S. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractSeveral lines of evidence have implicated a direct reciprocal interaction between serotonin and nitric oxide (NO). The goal of this investigation was, therefore, to examine the coexpression of tryptophan hydroxylase (TPH; the rate limiting enzyme for the synthesis of serotonin) and neuronal NO synthase (nNOS) in the ascending cortical projecting raphe nuclei (B6–B9 subgroups), when compared with the descending spinal cord projecting raphe nuclei (B1–B3 subgroups). Our data demonstrated that: (1) a significant number of raphe‐cortical projecting neurons was identified not only in the midline subgroup of dorsal raphe (B6, 7) but also in the median raphe (B8), as well as in the supralemniscal nucleus (B9); (2) serotonergic cortical projecting neurons from these three raphe nuclei exhibited a high (>80%) percentage of coexpression with nNOS immunoreactivity; (3) similarly, serotonin transporter immunoreactive fibers in the medial prefrontal cortex were also double‐labeled with nNOS immunoreactivity; (4) in contrast, the descending spinal cord projecting raphe nuclei revealed only TPH but not nNOS immunoreactivity. Our present findings suggest the existence of a direct interaction between serotonin and NO in the ascending cortical projecting raphe system. In contrast, a different strategy appears to operate the descending spinal cord projecting raphe system. Anat Rec, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Functional and Histological Improvement of the Injured Spinal Cord Following Transplantation of Schwann Cells Transfected With NRG1 Gene
Authors: Zhang Jifei , Zhao Fusheng , Wu Geng , Li Yuezhen , Jin Xiudong 
Published: August 2010

AbstractIn this study, we implanted Schwann cells (SCs) transfected with Neuregulin 1 (NRG1) gene into rats with hemisection spinal cord injury, determined its effects on the repair of spinal cord injury and investigated the underlying mechanisms. Primary SCs were cultured, purified, and transfected with NRG1 gene. SCs and SCs transfected with NRG1 gene were implanted, respectively, into rats with hemisection spinal cord injury. Behavior, imaging, electrophysiology, and immuno‐histological analyses were performed to evaluate the effect of NRG1 gene‐transfected SCs on the repair of spinal cord injury. In vitro studies showed that NRG1 protein was highly expressed in SCs transfected with NRG1 gene. In addition, the receptors for NRG1, ErbB2, and ErbB4, were upregulated in a time‐dependent manner. NRG1‐transfected SCs secreted large amount of NRG1 proteins in vivo, which efficiently promoted the expression of ErbB2 and ErbB4 in the neurons and neuroglia cells. Moreover, the number of NSE‐ and GFAP‐positive cells was increased. After cell transplantation, many transplanted cells survived and migrated to the areas with spinal cord injuries. The injuries were recovered in all the experimental groups, but the most significant recovery was observed in the group of rats implanted with SCs transfected with NRG1 gene. We conclude that NRG1‐transfected SCs can significantly increase the effect on the repair of spinal cord injury. This repair effect is achieved via the upregulation of ErbB receptor in the target cells, increased proliferation of glial cells, and protection of neurons from apoptosis. Anat Rec, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Endogenous Nitric Oxide Can Act as Beneficial or Deleterious in the Hypoxic Lung Depending on the Reoxygenation Time
Authors: Rus Alma , Molina Francisco , Peinado M. Ángeles , del Moral M. Luisa 
Published: August 2010

AbstractNitric oxide (NO) has been implicated in many pathophysiological situations in the lung, including hypoxia/reoxygenation. This work seeks to clarify the current controversy concerning the double protective/toxic role of endogenous NO under hypoxia/reoxygenation situations in the lung by using a nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitor, in a novel approach to address the problems raised from assaults under such circumstances. A follow‐up study was conducted in Wistar rats submitted to hypoxia/reoxygenation (hypoxia for 30 min; reoxygenation of 0 h, 48 h, and 5 days), with or without prior treatment using the nonselective NOS inhibitor L‐NAME (1.5 mM, in drinking water). Lipid peroxidation, apoptosis level, protein nitration, in situ NOS activity and NO production (NOx) were analyzed. This is the first work to focus on the time‐course effects of L‐NAME in the adult rat lung submitted to hypoxia/reoxygenation. The results showed that after L‐NAME administration, in situ NOS activity was almost completely eliminated and consequently, NOx levels fell. Lipid peroxidation and the percentage of apoptotic cells rose at the earliest reoxygenation time (0 h), but decreased in the later period (48 h and 5 days). Also nitrated protein expression decreased at 48 h and 5 days posthypoxia. These results suggest that NOS‐derived NO exerts two different effects on lung hypoxia/reoxygenation injury depending on the reoxygenation time: NO has a beneficial role just after the hypoxic stimulus and a deleterious effect in the later reoxygenation times. Moreover, we propose that this dual role of NO depends directly on the producer NOS isoform. Anat Rec, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Demethylation of Specific Wnt/β‐Catenin Pathway Genes and its Upregulation in Rat Brain Induced by Prenatal Valproate Exposure
Authors: Wang Zhongping , Xu Li , Zhu Xinping , Cui Weigang , Sun Yan , Nishijo Hisao , Peng Yuwen , Li Ruixi 
Published: August 2010

AbstractValproate (VPA) has been used for decades in the treatment of epilepsy and migraine. However, maternal administration of VPA during pregnancy increases susceptibility to autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) in the offspring. The aim of this study was to investigate the methylation modification and its effects on the activity of Wnt/β‐catenin pathway in the rat brain prenatally exposed to VPA. We exposed the rats in early pregnancy to VPA and found that the prenatal VPA exposure, in comparison with the prenatal vehicle exposure, induced demethylation in the promoter regions of wnt1 and wnt2, but not in those of Wnt inhibitory factor‐1 and Dickkopf 1, in the prefrontal cortexes and hippocampi of the offspring. Consequently, both mRNA and protein expression of wnt1 and wnt2 were increased. Furthermore, the activity of Wnt/β‐catenin pathway was upregulated, as indicated by the increased levels of β‐catenin, hence the growing expression of its target genes. This work suggested an epigenetic action via which VPA, when administered in early pregnancy, induced dysregulation of signaling pathway, further facilitating susceptibility to ASDs. Anat Rec, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Regulation of Kidney Development by Shp2: An Unbiased Stereological Analysis
Authors: David Frank S. , Cullen‐McEwen Luise , Wu Xue Sue , Zins Stephen R. , Lin Julie , Bertram John F. , Neel Benjamin G. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractGenes that regulate renal branching morphogenesis are likely to indirectly regulate nephron endowment, but few have been validated to do soin vivo.PTPN11, which encodes the nonreceptor protein tyrosine phosphatase Shp2, acts downstream of receptor tyrosine kinases to modulate the Ras‐MAPK pathway and has been implicated in branching morphogenesisin vitroand in invertebrates, and is therefore a candidatein vivoregulator of nephron number. In this work, heterozygous null mutant Shp2+/−mice at postnatal days 30–35 were compared with their wild‐type (WT) littermates using unbiased stereology to determine if, indeed, the former had decreased nephron number due to their 50% decrease in gene/protein dosage. Although there was a trend toward decreases in total glomerular (nephron) number and kidney volume in Shp2+/−mice compared with WT, neither difference was statistically significant (11310 vs. 12198 glomeruli,P= 0.22; 62.8 mm3vs. 66.0 mm3renal volume;P= 0.40). We conclude that loss of 50% gene/protein dosage ofPTPN11/Shp2 is insufficient to affect glomerular (and thereby nephron) number in mouse kidneysin vivo. Anat Rec, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Molecular characterization, immunohistochemical localization and expression of a ribosomal protein L17 gene from Apis cerana cerana
Authors: Meng Fei , Zhang Liang , Kang Mingjiang , Guo Xingqi , Xu Baohua 
Published: August 2010

AbstractRibosomal protein L17 (RPL17) is a core protein of the large (60S) ribosomal subunit and plays an important role in protein synthesis. In this report, a RPL17 gene was isolated from Apis cerana cerana, designated as AccRPL17. Alignment analysis showed that AccRPL17 exhibits high homology to other known RPL17s. Moreover, genomic sequence analysis revealed that five exons are splitted by four introns, and the position of the first intron is comparatively conservative, being localized in the 5′ untranslated region. Partial putative cis‐acting elements related to development were also examined. Quantitative real‐time PCR showed that the highest mRNA level was detected in larvae on the fifth day. Simultaneously, immunohistochemical localization showed that AccRPL17 is primarily concentrated in muscular tissues, stigma, body wall, and the surrounding of the eye in the fifth‐instar larvae. Further studies suggested that AccRPL17 might be involved in responses to abiotic stresses. This is a report attempting to analyze the expression and distribution of RPL17 in A. cerana cerana. These results indicated that AccRPL17 might play an important role in insect development, and the importance of AccRPL17 in participating in abiotic stresses is discussed. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Regulation of complement by cartilage oligomeric matrix protein allows for a novel molecular diagnostic principle in rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Happonen Kaisa E. , Saxne Tore , Aspberg Anders , Mörgelin Matthias , Heinegård Dick , Blom Anna M. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractObjectiveCartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP) is a structural component of cartilage, where it catalyzes collagen fibrillogenesis. Elevated amounts of COMP are found in serum during increased turnover of cartilage associated with active joint disease, such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and osteoarthritis (OA). This study was undertaken to investigate the ability of COMP to regulate complement, a capacity that has previously been shown for some other cartilage proteins.MethodsRegulation of complement by COMP was studied using functional in vitro assays. Inter‐actions between complement proteins and COMP were investigated by direct binding assay and electron microscopy. Circulating COMP and COMP–C3b complexes in serum and synovial fluid from RA and OA patients and healthy controls were measured with a novel enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay.ResultsWe found in vivo evidence of complement activation by released COMP in the general circulation of patients with RA, but not patients with OA. COMP induced activation and deposition of C3b and C9 specifically via the alternative pathway of complement, which was attributable to direct interaction between COMP and properdin. Furthermore, COMP inhibited the classical and the lectin complement pathways due to direct interaction with the stalk region of C1q and mannose‐binding lectin, respectively.ConclusionCOMP is the first extracellular matrix protein for which an active role in inflammation has been demonstrated in vivo. It can activate one complement pathway at the same time as it has the potential to inhibit another. The net outcome of these interactions is most likely determined by the type of released COMP fragments, which may be disease specific.
Analysis of the workforce and workplace for rheumatology and the research activities of rheumatologists early in their careers
Authors: Desjardins Claude , St.Clair E. William , Ehrenberg Ronald G. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the workforce and workplace in rheumatology, and the research work of early‐career rheumatologists.MethodsEarly‐career rheumatologists were defined as practicing physicians who joined the American College of Rheumatology (ACR) in 1991–2005, were 49 years of age or younger when they joined, and reside in North America. This cohort participated in a Web‐based survey distributed by the ACR. A total of 247 surveys (21.2% response) were used for this analysis. Survey questions were designed to obtain core insights about the workforce, workplace, research activities, funding, and the demographic profile of respondents.ResultsRespondents from all workplaces—clinical, academic, federal, and industry—engaged in clinical care, teaching, administration, and research. The time devoted to these tasks was employer dependent, and workplaces shaped the scale and scope of research. Patient‐oriented research was predominant across all workplaces. Disease, population, and translational research were intermediate, and few respondents pursued basic or prevention‐oriented research in any type of workplace. Rheumatologists obtained extramural funds (21.3%) and intramural funds (78.7%) to pay portions of their salaries for time spent on research. Receiving a National Institutes of Health K08/K23 award was associated with receipt of a federal research project grant (P < 0.001). Respondents associated investigative work with reduced earnings, a perception validated by an estimated drop in pre‐tax annual earnings of 2.3% for each half‐day/week dedicated to research (P < 0.01).ConclusionThe results of this study justify interventions for closing gaps embedded in investigational rheumatology. These include improved funding for clinical research, increasing the number of K08/K23 awards, and recruiting rheumatologists from underrepresented demographic groups.
Innovative activities for teaching anatomy of speech production
Authors: Skinder‐Meredith Amy E. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractCourses in anatomy have traditionally relied on lectures and cadaver dissection laboratories. In speech and hearing sciences, there tends to be less access to cadavers than in medical schools and other allied health professions. It is more typical to use anatomical models, diagrams and lecture slides. Regardless of the resources available, anatomy is a subject that lends itself to hands‐on learning. This article briefly reviews teaching methods and describes a variety of innovative activities to enhance learning of anatomical concepts and clinical relevance of anatomy for speech production. Teaching strategies and activities were developed to capitalize on students' multimodal learning preferences as revealed by responses to a survey administered to 49 undergraduates in the beginning of an anatomy of speech production course. At the end of the semester, students completed a second survey. A five‐point Likert scale was used to assess the usefulness of each activity as a learning tool or level of clinical relevance and the level of enjoyability. The responses were overwhelmingly positive with level of usefulness and level of clinical relevance rated higher on average than the level of enjoyment. Anat Sci Educ 3:234–243, 2010. © 2010 American Association of Anatomists.
Adapting semantic natural language processing technology to address information overload in influenza epidemic management
Authors: Keselman Alla , Rosemblat Graciela , Kilicoglu Halil , Fiszman Marcelo , Jin Honglan , Shin Dongwook , Rindflesch Thomas C. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractThe explosion of disaster health information results in information overload among response professionals. The objective of this project was to determine the feasibility of applying semantic natural language processing (NLP) technology to addressing this overload. The project characterizes concepts and relationships commonly used in disaster health‐related documents on influenza pandemics, as the basis for adapting an existing semantic summarizer to the domain. Methods include human review and semantic NLP analysis of a set of relevant documents. This is followed by a pilot test in which two information specialists use the adapted application for a realistic information‐seeking task. According to the results, the ontology of influenza epidemics management can be described via a manageable number of semantic relationships that involve concepts from a limited number of semantic types. Test users demonstrate several ways to engage with the application to obtain useful information. This suggests that existing semantic NLP algorithms can be adapted to support information summarization and visualization in influenza epidemics and other disaster health areas. However, additional research is needed in the areas of terminology development (as many relevant relationships and terms are not part of existing standardized vocabularies), NLP, and user interface design.
Reform Beijing to a public transit oriented city – from the view of transportation equity
Authors: Shi Jing , Wu Zhaozhang , Jin Jangwon 
Published: August 2010

AbstractThe primary objective of this paper is to demonstrate and validate the necessity of reforming Beijing to a public transit oriented (PTO) city from the view of transportation equity. Equity is believed to be of significant importance to the development of sustainable transportation. This paper presents a comparison of the transportation structure in Beijing with that in other big cities around the world using Cluster Analysis. To accomplish the objective, a road spatial recourse analyzing model is used. This model describes how to distribute road spatial resources fairly to private cars, taxies, and buses. Furthermore, a survey on the satisfactory degree about the first bus rapid transit (BRT) line in Beijing from 8 aspects was conducted. An average score between 4.5 and 3.5 out of 5 demonstrates that the residents are satisfied with the BRT line. Results of this study show the feasibility and creditability in applying PTO transportation structure in Beijing. It is emphasized that more attention should be paid to public transit and it should be the orientation of Beijing's transportation system developed for the consideration of transportation equity. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Airport gate reassignments considering deterministic and stochastic flight departure/arrival times
Authors: Yan Shangyao , Tang Ching‐Hui , Hou Yu‐Zhou 
Published: August 2010

SUMMARYIt is often the case in actual airport operations that flight departure/arrival information will vary with time. In practice, flight departure/arrival times closer to the time when the airport authority starts to plan the reassignments tend to be more certain; those further away tend to be more stochastic. These two types of flights can be called deterministic flights and stochastic flights, respectively. A deterministic flight has a certain departure/arrival time; while a stochastic flight will have a variety of stochastic departure/arrival times. In this study the aim is to develop a gate reassignment model (GRM) designed to consider both deterministic and stochastic flight departure/arrival times. A 0–1 integer programming technique is applied to formulate the GRM. In practice gate reassignments need to be handled repeatedly, so to make this possible the GRM is applied to a dynamic gate reassignment framework (DGRF). The theoretical effectiveness of the GRM applied to the DGRF is evaluated by the development of a lower bound solution. Numerical tests, related to the operations of an international Taiwan airport, show that the proposed GRM and DGRF perform well. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Cortical underconnectivity coupled with preserved visuospatial cognition in autism: Evidence from an fMRI study of an embedded figures task
Authors: Damarla Saudamini Roy , Keller Timothy A. , Kana Rajesh K. , Cherkassky Vladimir L. , Williams Diane L. , Minshew Nancy J. , Just Marcel Adam 
Published: August 2010

AbstractIndividuals with high‐functioning autism sometimes exhibit intact or superior performance on visuospatial tasks, in contrast to impaired functioning in other domains such as language comprehension, executive tasks, and social functions. The goal of the current study was to investigate the neural bases of preserved visuospatial processing in high‐functioning autism from the perspective of the cortical underconnectivity theory. We used a combination of behavioral, functional magnetic resonance imaging, functional connectivity, and corpus callosum morphometric methodological tools. Thirteen participants with high‐functioning autism and 13 controls (age‐, IQ‐, and gender‐matched) were scanned while performing an Embedded Figures Task. Despite the ability of the autism group to attain behavioral performance comparable to the control group, the brain imaging results revealed several group differences consistent with the cortical underconnectivity account of autism. First, relative to controls, the autism group showed less activation in the left dorsolateral prefrontal and inferior parietal areas and more activation in visuospatial (bilateral superior parietal extending to inferior parietal and right occipital) areas. Second, the autism group demonstrated lower functional connectivity between higher‐order working memory/executive areas and visuospatial regions (between frontal and parietal‐occipital). Third, the size of the corpus callosum (an index of anatomical connectivity) was positively correlated with frontal–posterior (parietal and occipital) functional connectivity in the autism group. Thus, even in the visuospatial domain, where preserved performance among people with autism is observed, the neuroimaging signatures of cortical underconnectivity persist.