bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Advances in stalking risk assessment
Authors: McEwan Troy E. , Pathé Michele , Ogloff James R.P. 
Published: February 2011

AbstractOver the past 15 years, forensic mental health has become more concerned with the concepts of violence prevention, management, and treatment. The development of specialist tools to aid in the assessment of a range of risks reflects this concern. This article explores contemporary thinking on violence risk assessment and how this knowledge can be applied to the relatively newer field of stalking risk assessment. The role of risk state and risk status are discussed, in addition to the way that standard structured professional judgment procedures need to be adapted to reflect the variety of risks present in stalking situations. The authors go on to describe the development and format of the Stalking Risk Profile, a set of structured professional judgment guidelines for assessing risk in stalkers. Suggestions are made for future research to enhance knowledge and improve practice in the field of stalking risk assessment. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Reactivity of a Silylsilylene Bearing a Functionalized Diaminochlorosilyl Substituent
Authors: Zhang Shu‐Hua , Yeong Hui‐Xian , So Cheuk‐Wai 
Published: February 2011

AbstractThe reactivity of the silylsilylene [{PhC(NtBu)2}SiSi(Cl){(NtBu)2C(H)Ph}] (2) towards diphenylacetylene, azobenzene, 2,6‐diisopropylphenyl azide, sulfur, and selenium is described. The reaction of 2 with one equivalent of azobenzene in toluene afforded compound 3, which is the first example of a 1,2‐diaza‐3,4‐disilacyclobutane containing a pentacoordinate silicon center. The formation of 3 can be explained by a [1+2] cycloaddition of the divalent Si center in 2 with PhNNPh to form a diazasilacyclopropane intermediate, which then undergoes a 1,2‐chlorine shift to release the ring strain to form 3. Similarly, the reaction of 2 with one equivalent of diphenylacetylene in toluene afforded the 1,2‐disilacyclobutene 4, which contains a pentacoordinate silicon center. The reaction of 2 with 1.6 equivalents of 2,6‐diisopropylphenylazide in toluene afforded the silaimine [LSi(NAr)N(Ar)L′] (5, L=PhC(NtBu)2, L′=Si(Cl){(NtBu)2C(H)Ph}, Ar=2,6‐iPr2C6H3). The formation of 5 can be explained by an oxidative addition of the divalent Si center in 2 with ArN3 to afford a silaimine intermediate, which then reacts with another molecule of ArN3 to give compound 5. The reaction of 2 with elemental sulfur in toluene afforded the chlorosilanethione [LSi(S)Cl] (6) and dithiodisiletane [{Ph(H)C(NtBu)2}Si(μ‐S)]2 (7). Treatment of 2 with elemental selenium in THF afforded the di(silaneselone) [LSi(Se)Si(Se)L] (8). Evidently, the divalent Si center in 2 undergoes oxidative addition with chalcogens to afford a silylsilanechalcogenone intermediate, which then displaces “:Si{(NtBu)2C(H)Ph}” and “ClSi{(NtBu)2C(H)Ph}” to form 6 and 8, respectively. Moreover, compound 8 was synthesized by the reaction of [{PhC(NtBu)2}Si:]2 (10) with elemental selenium in THF. The results show that the reactions of 2 are initiated by oxidative addition of the divalent silicon center, and then the intermediate formed undergoes a rearrangement involving the diaminochlorosilyl substituent to form compounds 3–8. These products have been characterized by NMR spectroscopy and X‐ray crystallography.
Greatly Enhanced Intermolecular π‐Dimer Formation of a Porphyrin Trimer Radical Trications through Multiple π Bonds
Authors: Takai Atsuro , Gros Claude P. , Barbe Jean‐Michel , Fukuzumi Shunichi 
Published: February 2011

AbstractA trefoil‐like porphyrin trimer linked by triphenylamine (TPA‐TPZn3) was synthesized. A three‐electron oxidation of TPA‐TPZn3 forms a radical trication (TPA‐TPZn33+), in which each porphyrin ring undergoes a one‐electron oxidation. The radical trication TPA‐TPZn33+ spontaneously dimerizes to afford (TPA‐TPZn3)26+ in CH2Cl2. The characteristic charge‐resonance band due to the charge delocalization over the π system of (TPA‐TPZn3)26+ was observed in the NIR region. The initial oxidation potential of TPA‐TPZn3 is negatively shifted relative to that of the corresponding monomer porphyrin, which results from the stabilization of the oxidized state of TPA‐TPZn3 associated with the dimerization. The thermodynamic parameters (i.e., ΔH, ΔS, and ΔG) for the formation of (TPA‐TPZn3)26+ were determined by measuring Vis/NIR spectra at various temperatures. The formation constant of (TPA‐TPZn3)26+ is significantly larger than that of the radical cation dimer of the corresponding monomer porphyrin (e.g., over 2000‐fold at 233 K). The electronic states were investigated using EPR spectroscopic analysis. The greatly enhanced dimerization of TPA‐TPZn33+ results from multiple π‐bond formation between the porphyrin radical cations.
Evolution from Lyotropic Liquid Crystal to Helical Fibrous Organogel of an Achiral Fluorescent Twin‐Tapered Bi‐1,3,4‐oxadiazole Derivative
Authors: Qu Songnan , Wang Lijun , Liu Xingyuan , Li Min 
Published: February 2011

AbstractWe report an unprecedented hierarchical self‐assembly of an achiral twin‐tapered bi‐1,3,4‐oxadiazole derivative (2,2‐bis(3,4,5‐trioctanoxyphenyl)‐bi‐1,3,4‐oxadiazole, BOXD‐T8). This molecule can form a layer‐structured lyotropic liquid crystal and further forms a helical fibrous organogel in DMF at concentrations above 0.6 wt %. The self‐assembly process of BOXD‐T8 in DMF is accompanied by a change in its fluorescence. The pitches of the helical fibers are non‐uniform, and both left‐ and right‐handed helical fibers are observed in equal quantities. Intermolecular π–π interactions between aromatic segments have been demonstrated to be the driving force for aggregate formation. This helical structure of BOXD‐T8 is dependent on the solvent, concentration, and the layer‐structured intermediate liquid‐crystalline state.
Modified active contour model and Random Walk approach for left ventricular cardiac MR image segmentation
Authors: Dakua Sarada Prasad , Sahambi J. S. 
Published: February 2011

AbstractThere is an increased rate of inconsistency in discriminating objects in cardiac magnetic resonance images with increasing disease varieties. This correspondence suggests a combination of two methods to segment the left ventricle in such images. The importance of the weighting function used in Random Walk approach is analyzed. Difference of Laplacian of Gaussian is demonstrated to be efficacious as the desired weighting function in extracting the blood pool boundary. Subsequently, the epicardial wall is sectioned out using an active contour model that considers the blood pool boundary as its initial contour to grow. Finally in order to validate the analysis, the algorithm is tested by comparing these determined borders with the ground truth images. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Optimal delineation of PCG sounds via false‐alarm bounded segmentation of a wavelet‐based principal components analyzed metric
Authors: Homaeinezhad Mohammad R. , Atyabi S. Abbas , Deneshvar Ehsan , Ghaffari A. , Tahmasebi Maryam 
Published: February 2011

AbstractThe aim of this study is to describe a new false‐alarm probability (FAP) bounded unified framework for segmentation of the phonocardiogram (PCG) signal sounds registered by an electronic stethoscope board. To meet this end, first the original PCG signal is pre‐processed by application of an appropriate bandpass finite‐duration impulse response (FIR) filter and then by implementation of à trous discrete wavelet transform (DWT) to the filtered signal for extracting several dyadic scales. Then, after choosing a proper scale, a fixed sample size sliding window is moved on the selected scale and in each slide, six feature vectors namely summation of the nonlinearly amplified Hilbert transform, summation of absolute first order differentiation, summation of absolute second‐order differentiation, curve length, area and variance of the excerpted segment are calculated. Then, all feature trends are normalized and utilized to construct a newly proposed principal components analyzed geometric index (PCAGI) (to be used as the segmentation decision statistic (DS)) by application of a linear orthonormal projection. Next, using an adaptive smoothing filter (ASF), the obtained metric is modulated and freed from the fast fluctuations occurring in the vicinity of events onset and offset locations which consequently results in enhancement of edge detection accuracy. Later, histogram parameters of the filtered DS metric are used for the regulation of the α‐level Neyman–Pearson classifier for FAP‐bounded delineation of the PCG events. To assess the performance quality of the proposed PCG segmentation algorithm, the method was applied to all 85 records of Nursing Student Heart Sounds database including stenosis, insufficiency, regurgitation, gallop, septal defect, sound split, rumble, murmur, clicks, friction rub and snap disorders with different sampling frequencies. The method was also applied to the records obtained from an electronic stethoscope board designed for fulfillment of this study in the presence of high‐level power‐line noise and external disturbing sounds and as a result, no false positive or false negative errors were detected. High robustness against measurement noises of the electronic stethoscopes, acceptable detection‐segmentation accuracy of PCG events in the presence of severe heart valvular and arrhythmic dysfunctions within a tolerable computational burden (processing time) and having no parameter dependency on the acquisition sampling frequency can be mentioned as important merits and capabilities of the proposed PCAGI‐based PCG events detection‐segmentation algorithm. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Fluorescence Anisotropy of Molecular Rotors
Authors: Levitt James A. , Chung Pei‐Hua , Kuimova Marina K. , Yahioglu Gokhan , Wang Yan , Qu Junle , Suhling Klaus 
Published: February 2011

AbstractWe present polarization‐resolved fluorescence measurements of fluorescent molecular rotors 9‐(2‐carboxy‐2‐cyanovinyl)julolidine (CCVJ), 9‐(2,2‐dicyanovinyl)julolidine (DCVJ), and a meso‐substituted boron dipyrromethene (BODIPY‐C12). The photophysical properties of these molecules are highly dependent on the viscosity of the surrounding solvent. The relationship between their quantum yields and the viscosity of the surrounding medium is given by an equation first described and presented by Förster and Hoffmann and can be used to determine the microviscosity of the environment around a fluorophore. Herein we evaluate the applicability of molecular rotors as probes of apparent viscosity on a microscopic scale based on their viscosity dependent fluorescence depolarization. We develop a theoretical framework, combining the Förster–Hoffmann equation with the Perrin equation and compare the dynamic ranges and usable working regimes for these dyes in terms of utilising fluorescence anisotropy as a measure of viscosity. We present polarization‐resolved fluorescence spectra and steady‐state fluorescence anisotropy imaging data for measurements of intracellular viscosity. We find that the dynamic range for fluorescence anisotropy for CCVJ and DCVJ is significantly lower than that of BODIPY‐C12 in the viscosity range 0.6<η<600 cP. Moreover, using steady‐state anisotropy measurements to probe microviscosity in the low (<3 cP) viscosity regime, the molecular rotors can offer a better dynamic range in anisotropy compared with a rigid dye as a probe of microviscosity, and a higher total working dynamic range in terms of viscosity.
Server‐less RFID authentication and searching protocol with enhanced security
Authors: Lee Chin‐Feng , Chien Hung‐Yu , Laih Chi‐Sung 
Published: February 2011

SUMMARYThis paper focuses on two interesting radio‐frequency identification (RFID) cryptographic protocols: the server‐less RFID authentication protocol that allows readers to authenticate tags without the help of any online backend servers, and the RFID searching protocol in which the verifier explicitly specifies the target tag to be searched and authenticated. These two kinds of RFID protocols play important roles in many RFID applications; however, the existing protocols either had security weaknesses or exhibited poor efficiency. This paper shows the weaknesses, and then proposes our server‐less RFID authentication protocol and RFID searching protocol. The proposed protocols greatly enhance the security using one more hashing. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Nephrogenic systemic fibrosis symptoms alleviated by renal transplantation
Authors: Bangsgaard Nannie , Hansen Jesper Melchior , Marckmann Peter , Skov Lone 
Published: February 2011

AbstractNephrogenic systemic fibrosis (NSF) is a rare, serious, and life‐threatening disease of patients with severe renal impairment. Gadolinium‐containing contrast agents have been shown to be the crucial trigger. There is no proven medical cure for the disease, and symptomatic treatment options are limited. Anecdotal reports have shown partial or complete resolution of NSF following successful renal transplantation early in the course of NSF. In this report, we describe alleviation of NSF symptoms in two women following successful renal transplantation more than 3 years after onset of NSF. Dial. Transplant.
Descriptive analysis of undocumented residents with ESRD in a public hospital system
Authors: Raghavan Rajeev , Sheikh‐Hamad David 
Published: February 2011

AbstractOBJECTIVEIt is estimated that 6,000 undocumented residents in the United States require renal replacement therapy. In this work, we sought to evaluate the demographics of the patient population receiving hemodialysis in two Houston public hospitals and an affiliated clinic.METHODSMore than 186 undocumented residents receive dialysis in the Houston community. Demographic information was obtained via patient interview and chart review. Comparison was made with a matched cohort from the United States Renal Data System (USRDS) database, and statistical analysis was performed.RESULTSCompared with patients in the USRDS, this patient population is younger and demonstrates lower prevalence of diabetes mellitus (42.6 versus 58.9 years; and 35% versus 68%, respectively; p < 0.01). More than 95% of the patients are Hispanic and only 23% graduated from high school. Most patients had spent more than 30% of their life in the United States before commencing dialysis. Only 3% of the patients had knowledge of their kidney disease prior to immigrating to the United States.DISCUSSIONThe number of undocumented residents needing hemodialysis in the Houston public hospital system is large and imposes a significant financial burden on the community. Maintenance dialysis and expanded use of peritoneal dialysis are approaches that benefit these patients while containing costs. Adequate solutions require uniform policy nationwide. Dial. Transplant. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Barriers to immunosuppressive medication adherence in high‐risk adult renal transplant recipients
Authors: Constantiner Melissa , Cukor Daniel 
Published: February 2011

AbstractBACKGROUNDNon‐adherence to immunosuppressive medication in renal transplant recipients is a primary cause of kidney rejection. However, little is known about the reasons transplant patients are non‐adherent. We report on the specific barriers to medication adherence in 94 kidney transplant recipients from a medical center in Brooklyn, New York.METHODSTransplant patients waiting for their monthly medical appointment completed questionnaires relating to their adherence, level of depression, barriers to medication taking, and beliefs in their abilities to take their medication as prescribed.RESULTSThe particular barriers that were most associated with lower levels of adherence were too many doses per day, too many pills per dose, having to remember to take medication, perceived side effects of medication, skipping a dose to feel good, falling out of a daily routine, and being short of money. The overall level of barriers that the sample endorsed was associated with increased depression (r = 0.209, p = 0.049) and decreased medi‐cation self‐efficacy (r = −0.300, p = 0.004). An elevation in the “unintentional” factor of the barriers scale was significantly associated with depression (r = 0.211, p = 0.046), but not directly with adherence. The “deliberate” factor was associated with non‐adherence (r = −0.21, p < 0.05) but not depression (r = 0.173, p > 0.05)CONCLUSIONSThere may be two reasons transplant recipients are non‐adherent to prescribed medications. One set of barriers is related to deliberately choosing to skip doses, and the other set is related to inadvertent or uncontrollable situations. Interventions designed to promote adherence in this population should address both pathways. Dial. Transplant. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Generation and characterization of Col10a1‐mcherry reporter mice
Authors: Maye Peter , Fu Yu , Butler David L. , Chokalingam Kumar , Liu Yaling , Floret Jane , Stover Mary Louise , Wenstrup Richard , Jiang Xi , Gooch Cindi , Rowe David 
Published: February 2011

AbstractWe report here on the generation of a new fluorescent protein reporter transgenic mouse line, Col10a1‐mCherry, which can be used as a tool to study chondrocyte biology and pathology. Collagen, Type X, alpha 1 (Col10a1) is highly expressed in hypertrophic chondrocytes and commonly used as a gene marker for this cell population. The Col10a1‐mCherry reporter line was generated using a bacterial recombination strategy with the mouse BAC clone RP23‐192A7. To aid in the characterization of this animal model, we intercrossed Col10a1‐mCherry mice with Collagen, Type II, alpha 1 (Col2a1) enhanced cyan fluorescent protein (ECFP) reporter mice and characterized the expression of both chondrocyte reporters during embryonic skeletal development from days E10.5 to E17.5. Additionally, at postnatal day 0, Col10a1‐mCherry reporter expression was compared to endogenous Col10a1 mRNA expression in long bones and revealed that mCherry fluorescence extended past the Col10a1 expression domain. However, in situ hybridization for mCherry was consistent with the zone of Col10a1 mRNA expression, indicating that the persistent detection of mCherry fluorescence was a result of the long protein half life of mCherry in conjunction with a very rapid phase of skeletal growth and not due to aberrant transcriptional regulation. Taking advantage of the continued fluorescence of hypertrophic chondrocytes at the chondro‐osseus junction, we intercrossed Col10a1‐mCherry mice with two different Collagen, Type 1, alpha 1, (Col1a1) osteoblast reporter mice, pOBCol3.6‐Topaz and pOBCol2.3‐Emerald to investigate the possibility that hypertrophic chondrocytes transdifferentiate into osteoblasts. Evaluation of long bones at birth suggests that residual hypertrophic chondrocytes and osteoblasts in the trabecular zone exist as two completely distinct cell populations. genesis 49:410–418, 2011. © 2011 Wiley–Liss, Inc.
A Study of Hydrogen Generation with Doubly‐Fed Adjustable Speed Wind Generator
Authors: Kinoshita Hirotaka , Takahashi Rion , Murata Toshiaki , Tamura Junji , Sugimasa Masatoshi , Komura Akiyoshi , Futami Motoo , Ichinose Masaya , Ide Kazumasa 
Published: February 2011

AbstractThis paper presents a combination system for wind power generation and hydrogen generation. In the proposed system, a doubly‐fed synchronous generator (DFSG) is used as an adjustable speed wind generator, and an electrolyzer is connected to its terminals for hydrogen generation, which is controlled by power electronic converters. The output power from the wind generator is smoothed and supplied to the power system as well as to the electrolyzer to generate hydrogen under cooperative control between the wind generator and the electrolyzer. The performance of the proposed system is investigated by simulation analyses, in which simulations are performed using PSCAD/EMTDC. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 175(3): 27–36, 2011; Published online in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com). DOI 10.1002/eej.21003
Long‐Term Field Test of Polymer Insulator on 77‐kV Transmission Line
Authors: Tanaka Nobuya , Kuroyagi Toshiyuki , Niihara Sadao 
Published: February 2011

AbstractAs an antivandalism measure, polymer insulators, which are light and show good performance with regard to contamination withstand voltage, have already been adopted for many new power transmission lines, mainly in the United States. However, they are subject to aging deterioration promoted by ultraviolet rays, ozone, leakage currents, and partial discharge, because polymer insulators are made of organic materials. It is important that we understand the characteristics of aging deterioration in order to maintain power transmission lines. Since polymer insulators for power transmission lines are more expensive than ceramic ones, they are little used in Japan, and there are no field data. In this study, we installed polymer insulators on a 77‐kV power transmission line, carried out field testing for 9 years, from 1997 to 2006, and investigated the electrical and mechanical characteristics of the insulators. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 175(3): 20–26, 2011; Published online in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com). DOI 10.1002/eej.21068
Study of Superconductor Recovery Time Characteristics and High‐Speed Reclosing of Electromagnetic Repulsion Switch
Authors: Koyama Tomonori , Kaiho Katsuyuki , Yamaguchi Iwao , Yanabu Satoru 
Published: February 2011

AbstractUsing a high‐temperature superconductor, we constructed and tested a model superconducting fault current limiter (SFCL). The superconductor and a vacuum interrupter serving as the commutation switch were connected in parallel using a bypass coil. When the fault current flows in this equipment, the superconductor is quenched and the current is then transferred to the parallel coil due to the voltage drop in the superconductor. This large current in the parallel coil actuates the magnetic repulsion mechanism of the vacuum interrupter and the current in the superconductor is interrupted. Using this equipment, the current flow time in the superconductor can easily be minimized. On the other hand, the fault current is also easily limited by the large reactance of the parallel coil. This system has many advantages. Thus, we introduced an electromagnetic repulsion switch. High‐speed reclosing after interrupting the fault current in the electrical power system is essential. Thus, the SFCL should recover to the superconducting state before high‐speed reclosing. But the superconductor generates heat at the time of quenching, and it takes time to recover to the superconducting state. Therefore, the recovery time is an issue. In this paper, we study the superconductor recovery time. We also propose an electromagnetic repulsion switch with a reclosing system. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 175(3): 12–19, 2011; Published online in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com). DOI 10.1002/eej.21072