bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
X‐linked genetic associations in sporadic thoracic aortic dissection
Authors: Musfee Fadi I. , Jun Goo , Mitchell Laura E. , Chen Han , Guo Dongchuan , Prakash Siddharth K. , Adkar Shaunak Sanjay , Grove Megan L. , Choi Ryan Bohyun , Klarin Derek ,   Million Veteran Program, Boerwinkle Eric , Milewicz Dianna M. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe male predominance in sporadic thoracic aortic aneurysm and dissection (TAD) suggests that the X chromosome contributes to TAD, but this has not been tested. We investigated whether X‐linked variation—common (minor allele frequency [MAF] ≥0.01) and rare (MAF <0.01)—was associated with sporadic TAD in three cohorts of European descent (Discovery: 364 cases, 874 controls; Replication: 516 cases, 440,131 controls, and ARIC [Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities study]: 753 cases, 2247 controls). For analysis of common variants, we applied a sex‐stratified logistic regression model followed by a meta‐analysis of sex‐specific odds ratios. Furthermore, we conducted a meta‐analysis of overlapping common variants between the Discovery and Replication cohorts. For analysis of rare variants, we used a sex‐stratified optimized sequence kernel association test model. Common variants results showed no statistically significant findings in the Discovery cohort. An intergenic common variant near SPANXN1 was statistically significant in the Replication cohort (p = 1.81 × 10−8). The highest signal from the meta‐analysis of the Discovery and Replication cohorts was a ZNF182 intronic common variant (p = 3.5 × 10−6). In rare variants results, RTL9 reached statistical significance (p = 5.15 × 10−5). Although most of our results were statistically insignificant, our analysis is the most comprehensive X‐chromosome association analysis of sporadic TAD to date.
Constraining stellar tidal quality factors from planet‐induced stellar spin‐up
Authors: Ilić Nikoleta , Poppenhaeger Katja , Queiroz Anna Barbara , Chiappini Cristina 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe dynamical evolution of tight star‐planet systems is influenced by tidal interactions between the star and the planet, as was shown recently. The rate at which spins and orbits in such a system evolve depends on the stellar and planetary tidal dissipation efficiency. Here, we present a method to constrain the modified tidal quality factor of a planet‐hosting star whose rotational evolution has been altered by its planet through angular momentum transfer from the planetary orbital motion to the rotation of the stellar convective zone. The altered rotation is estimated from an observed discrepancy of magnetic activity of the planet‐hosting star and a coeval companion star, that is, this method is applicable to star‐planet systems with wide stellar companions. We give an example of the planet‐hosting wide binary system HD189733 and find that the planet host's modified tidal quality factor is constrained to be .
Purification and characterization of glutamate dehydrogenase from rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) liver and molecular docking studies
Authors: Ertik Onur , Yanardag Refiye 
Published: May 2024

AbstractGlutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) participates in the energy metabolism of proteins and the synthesis of metabolites important for the organism. In this study, GDH enzyme was purified from the liver of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) by 2',5'‐ADP Sepharose 4B affinity chromatography in one step. As a result of this purification process, GDH enzyme was purified 171‐fold with 5.83 U/mg protein‐specific activity. The characterization experiments presented that the storage stability of the purified GDH enzyme was determined as −80°C; optimum temperature 40°C; it was determined that the optimum ionic strength was 100 mM phosphate buffer and the optimum pH was 8.00. Sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS‐PAGE) and PAGE studies showed that the natural molar mass of the purified GDH enzyme was 346.74 kDa, and the molar mass of its subunits was 53.71 kDa. Km and Vmax values for substrates and coenzymes of GDH enzyme purified from rainbow trout liver were calculated, and the lowest Km value was found in NAD+ (1.86 mM) and the highest Vmax value in NH4+ (1.79 U/mL). The effects of some metal ions, vitamins, and solvents on the activity of the purified GDH enzyme were investigated and also IC50 values and inhibition types. The metal ion with the lowest IC50 value is Ag+ (8.65 ± 1.68 μM), and the vitamin is B6 (0.77 ± 0.04 mM). The binding affinities of inhibitors were investigated with molecular docking, based on the conformational state of GDH.
Combining neuropsychological assessment and structural neuroimaging to identify early Alzheimer's disease in a memory clinic cohort
Authors: Quek Yi‐En , Fung Yi Leng , Bourgeat Pierrick , Vogrin Simon J. , Collins Steven J. , Bowden Stephen C. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIntroductionThe current study examined the contributions of comprehensive neuropsychological assessment and volumetric assessment of selected mesial temporal subregions on structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to identify patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) and mild probable Alzheimer's disease (AD) dementia in a memory clinic cohort.MethodsComprehensive neuropsychological assessment and automated entorhinal, transentorhinal, and hippocampal volume measurements were conducted in 40 healthy controls, 38 patients with subjective memory symptoms, 16 patients with aMCI, 16 patients with mild probable AD dementia. Multinomial logistic regression was used to compare the neuropsychological and MRI measures.ResultsCombining the neuropsychological and MRI measures improved group membership prediction over the MRI measures alone but did not improve group membership prediction over the neuropsychological measures alone.ConclusionComprehensive neuropsychological assessment was an important tool to evaluate cognitive impairment. The mesial temporal volumetric MRI measures contributed no diagnostic value over and above the determinations made through neuropsychological assessment.
Integrated engineering education through design activities: A signal phase module design case study for traffic engineering course
Authors: Zhu Sicong , Yuan Yufei , Peng Wenjie , Wu Hangbin , Yu Lei , Lan Qing 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis article presents an integrated educational module for undergraduate traffic engineering at the microscale level. When dealing with a complex transportation system, the education program should cultivate students’ acquisition of both in‐depth traffic specialization and breadth of engineering knowledge. For the educational instruction of the signal phase design, this article presents an integrated design that includes several engineering subjects: signal phase design, circuits and electronics, and object‐oriented programming (OOP). Due to the lengthy evolution of signal phase design and the high‐end industrial standards for this issue, this well‐structured problem requires an instructional design to adopt a worked example that integrates varied engineering domains. The integrated design session is intended to deliver education through designing a miniature signal controller while creating an immersive situation and encouraging social teamwork. Feedback from participating students has been positive, indicating the achievement of the planned learning objectives and better mastery of engineering practices.
More space needed: Social disconnectedness predicts the aversion to crowdedness
Authors: Chui Hou Ian , Chark Robin 
Published: May 2024

AbstractFeelings of belongingness threat are common nowadays. The lack of social support received from friends and family leads to social disconnection. Our objective is to investigate the effect of unmet need to belong on preference for crowdedness. Expecting the prospects to interact and reconnect with others, socially disconnected consumers may be more receptive to crowdedness. By contrast, social disconnection may sensitize consumers to potential social threat and thus drive them away from the crowds. To find out how socially disconnected consumers react to crowdedness, three quasi‐experiments with more than 1500 participants (Mage = 35.9, 64% female) from an online panel were conducted. Our findings support the latter hypothesis. We manipulate the crowdedness of the service setting, while the natural variation of social disconnectedness was captured by measuring participants' unmet need to belong. Socially disconnected consumers are averse to social crowding (Studies 1 and 2). Specifically, regression analyses reveal that crowdedness has a negative impact on attitude and word‐of‐mouth recommendation. Importantly, the effect of crowdedness is found exaggerated by unmet need to belong. Disconnected consumers avoid social crowding since they may consider getting too close an invasion of personal space. The findings on preference for space are extended to time in Study 3. In particular, busyness interacts with unmet need to belong such that disconnected consumers avoid busy schedules in package tours. Findings from the three studies together suggest a general preference for more psychological space when need to belong is not met.
Probing Peptidoglycan Synthesis in the Gut Commensal Akkermansia Muciniphila with Bioorthogonal Chemical Reporters
Authors: Sminia Tjerk J. , Aalvink Steven , de Jong Hanna , Tempelaars Marcel H. , Zuilhof Han , Abee Tjakko , de Vos Willem M. , Tytgat Hanne L. P. , Wennekes Tom 
Published: May 2024

AbstractOur gut microbiota directly influences human physiology in health and disease. The myriad of surface glycoconjugates in both the bacterial cell envelope and our gut cells dominate the microbiota‐host interface and play a critical role in host response and microbiota homeostasis. Among these, peptidoglycan is the basic glycan polymer offering the cell rigidity and a basis on which many other glycoconjugates are anchored. To directly study peptidoglycan in gut commensals and obtain the molecular insight required to understand their functional activities we need effective techniques like chemical probes to label peptidoglycan in live bacteria. Here we report a chemically guided approach to study peptidoglycan in a key mucin‐degrading gut microbiota member of the Verrucomicrobia phylum, Akkermansia muciniphila. Two novel non‐toxic tetrazine click‐compatible peptidoglycan probes with either a cyclopropene or isonitrile handle allowed for the detection and imaging of peptidoglycan synthesis in this intestinal species.
Comparisons of noncoronary sinus pivot implantation (NCPI) and conventional method for transcatheter aortic valve replacement with self‐expanding valve in pure aortic regurgitation (PAR)
Authors: Yang Lifan , Chen Shasha , Zhang Xiaochun , Zhang Yuan , Zhou Daxin , Pan Wenzhi , Ge Junbo 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackground:As compared to treatment of aortic stenosis (AS), transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) using the commercially available valves to treat pure aortic regurgitation (PAR) has a lower device success rate and higher complication rates.AimsThe study compared the acute results between TAVR using a novel noncoronary sinus pivot implantation (NCPI) method and that using the conventional method, aiming to explore a more optimized and effective operation method for TAVR in PAR.MethodsPAR patients who underwent TAVR with self‐expanding valves in our center from September 2021 to September 2023 were enrolled were divided into the NCPI (group A, N = 16) and conventional method (group B, N = 39) groups. We analyzed the pre‐operative evaluation parameters and procedural and postoperative data of the two subgroups.ResultsThe total patients’ mean age was 71.2 ± 8.7 years and most were male (61.8%), with a mean Society of Thoracic Surgeons score of 3.4 ± 1.9%. The device success rate of groups A and B was 100% and 71.8%, respectively. In group B, 48.7% had major adverse cardiac events (MACE); 46.2% patients had permanent pacemaker implantation or valve in valve implantation. None had MACE in group A. The noncoronary sinus implantation depth in NCPI was −1.1 + 1.0 and 4.2 + 3.7 mm in groups A and B (p < 0.001), respectively.ConclusionsTAVR with a self‐expanding valve using the NCPI method had a higher procedure success rate and dramatically low complications than that using the conventional method in PAR patients.
Symmetrical cutaneous rash in two women
Authors: Orioni Gionathan , Velez‐Pelaez Maria Camila , Starace Michela V. R. , Tengattini Vera , Raschi Emanuel , La Placa Michelangelo 
Published: May 2024

Key Clinical MessageSymmetrical drug‐related intertriginous and flexural exanthema, commonly known as “baboon syndrome” due to its typical involvement of the gluteal area, is an erythematous symmetrical rash associated with systemic drug administration.
A case report of Parry–Romberg syndrome
Authors: Babaei Kiana , Rahnama Ali , Shurvarzi Nora , Movahedi Ali 
Published: May 2024

Key Clinical MessageParry–Romberg syndrome is characterized by progressive dystrophy in one half of the face, which usually begins in childhood. Correct and timely diagnosis of this disease, as well as a multidisciplinary approach and timely surgical treatment to minimize the psychological effects and improve the patient's appearance are of particular importance.AbstractParry–Romberg syndrome is characterized by progressive dystrophy or loss of subcutaneous tissue in one half of the face, which usually begins in childhood and continues with skin changes, and can also be associated with linear scleroderma. Although this disease has been known for more than 150 years, its exact cause and pathogenesis are not well understood. The clinical feature of Parry–Romberg syndrome that makes it possible to diagnose is unilateral idiopathic facial atrophy. The reported case is a 14‐year‐old boy who suffered from hemifacial atrophy of the frontal area since he was 7 years old was referred to a plastic and cosmetic surgery specialist and underwent surgery without systemic symptoms and in the inactive phase of the disease. Correct and timely diagnosis of this disease, as well as a multidisciplinary approach and timely and appropriate surgical treatment to minimize the psychological effects and improve the patient's appearance are of particular importance.
Mind the gap: The fissure between aspirations and actions in climate change governance at a local government level: A study of the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa
Authors: Gadu Siyaxola Ernest , Adom Richard Kwame , Simatele Mulala Danny 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIt is no longer a myth that climate change‐related disasters are on the rise globally, with severe and devastating consequences in developing countries, particularly in Sub‐Saharan Africa, where many of the world's poor people reside. Thus, the emphasis on adaptation to climate change is no longer a choice or a deferred problem into the future, but rather an urgent matter of concern which must be considered a policy priority. As a response to retrogressive climate change challenges on social‐economic development and environmental degradation, the government of South Africa has in the last two and half decades, embarked on the progressive formulation of different policy instruments and strategic frameworks to curb and minimize the impacts of climate change on all sub‐sectors of the economy. Although much remains to be achieved, some level of success has been realized, particularly in the space of policy formulation, albeit the poor record of implementation. Using research methods inspired by the tradition of qualitative research and an appraisal of existing literature, this paper discusses the complexities of climate change adaptation governance at a local government level in South Africa, focusing on the Eastern Cape Province. It is argued in the paper that one of the major challenges for climate change governance at local municipality levels in South Africa emanates from the gap between aspirations and actions across the entire national governance system. The absence of an integrated climate change governance system has posed significant systemic challenges, and these have tended to constrain decision‐making and implementation processes. These issues have been discussed within the broader discourse of the sustainable development goals, particularly goals number 13, 16 and 17.
The Oscillatory Behaviour of Cu‐ZSM‐5 Catalysts for N2O Decomposition: Investigation of Cu Species by Complementary Techniques
Authors: Rizzetto Andrea , Sartoretti Enrico , Khoma Khrystyna , Armandi Marco , Piumetti Marco , Bensaid Samir , Pirone Raffaele 
Published: May 2024

AbstractCopper‐exchanged ZSM‐5 (Cu‐ZSM‐5) is a promising catalyst thanks to the Cu redox pair. A particular feature of this material consists in the presence of spontaneous isothermal oscillations which take place during N2O decomposition reaction, depending on the operating conditions. In the present work, a set of five Cu‐ZSM‐5 catalysts was synthesised by three procedures and three different copper precursor concentrations: i) wet impregnation, ii) single ion exchange, and iii) double ion exchange. Catalytic tests revealed that the ion‐exchanged samples exhibit a low catalytic activity and no oscillatory behaviour, except for the twice‐exchanged sample which achieves an average N2O conversion of 26 % at 400 °C. Conversely, the impregnated samples reach higher levels of N2O conversion (66 % for Cu5ZSM5_WI and 72 % for Cu10ZSM5_WI) and demonstrate a similar oscillating pattern. Further investigations disclosed that the most active catalysts, characterised by the presence of oscillatory behaviour, have more abundant and easily reducible copper species (ICP, EDX and H2‐TPR) which interact better with the zeolitic support (FT‐IR). Catalytic tests under a long time on stream (TOS) suggest that either self‐organised patterns or deterministic chaos can be achieved during the reaction, depending on the operating conditions, such as temperature and contact time.
Copper/Polyaniline Interfaces Confined CO2 Electroreduction for Selective Hydrocarbon Production
Authors: Xu Yeqing , Zhao Yong , Kochubei Alena , Lee Chong‐Yong , Wagner Pawel , Chen Zhiqi , Jiang Yijiao , Yan Wei , Wallace Gordon G. , Wang Caiyun 
Published: May 2024

AbstractPolyaniline (PANI) provides an attractive organic platform for CO2 electrochemical reduction due to the ability to adsorb CO2 molecules and in providing means to interact with metal nanostructures. In this work, a novel PANI supported copper catalyst has been developed by coupling the interfacial polymerization of PANI and Cu. The hybrid catalyst demonstrates excellent activity towards production of hydrocarbon products including CH4 and C2H4, compared with the use of bare Cu. A Faradaic efficiency of 71.8 % and a current density of 16.9 mA/cm2 were achieved at −0.86 V vs. RHE, in contrast to only 22.2 % and 1.0 mA/cm2 from the counterpart Cu catalysts. The remarkably enhanced catalytic performance of the hybrid PANI/Cu catalyst can be attributed to the synergistic interaction between the PANI underlayer and copper. The PANI favours the adsorption and binding of CO2 molecules via its nitrogen sites to form *CO intermediates, while the Cu/PANI interfaces confine the diffusion or desorption of the *CO intermediates favouring their further hydrogenation or carbon‐carbon coupling to form hydrocarbon products. This work provides insights into the formation of hydrocarbon products on PANI‐modified Cu catalysts, which may guide the development of conducting polymer‐metal catalysts for CO2 electroreduction.
Electrostatic Self‐Assembly Synthesis of Pd/In2O3 Nanocatalysts with Improved Performance Toward CO2 Hydrogenation to Methanol
Authors: Wu Jingxian , Lu Bowen , Yang Siyu , Huang Jian , Wang Wei , Dun Rongmin , Hua Zile 
Published: May 2024

AbstractCO2 hydrogenation to methanol has emerged as a promising strategy for achieving carbon neutrality and mitigating global warming, in which the supported Pd/In2O3 catalysts are attracting great attention due to their high selectivity. Nonetheless, conventional impregnation methods induce strong metal‐support interaction (SMSI) between Pd and In2O3, which leads to the excessive reduction of In2O3 and the formation of undesirable PdIn alloy in hydrogen‐rich atmospheres. Herein, we innovatively synthesized Pd/In2O3 nanocatalysts by the electrostatic self‐assembly process between surface‐modified composite precursors with opposite charges. And the organic ligands concurrently serve as Pd nanoparticle protective agents. The resultant Pd/In2O3 nanocatalyst demonstrates the homogeneous distribution of Pd nanoparticles with controllable sizes on In2O3 supports and the limited formation of PdIn alloy. As a result, it exhibits superior selectivity and stability compared to the counterparts synthesized by the conventional impregnation procedure. Typically, it attains a maximum methanol space‐time yield of 0.54 gMeOH h−1gcat−1 (300 °C, 3.5 MPa, 21,000 mL gcat−1 h−1). Notably, the correlation characterization results reveal the significant effect of small‐size, highly dispersed Pd nanoparticles in mitigating MSI. These results provide an alternative strategy for synthesizing highly efficient Pd/In2O3 catalysts and offer a new insight into the strong metal‐support interaction.
Bortezomib in previously treated phosphatase and tension homology‐deficient patients with advanced intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: An open‐label, prospective and single‐centre phase II trial
Authors: Zeng Tian‐mei , Jiang Tian‐yi , Yang Guang , Cheng Zhuo , Lou Cheng , Wei Wei , Tao Chen‐jie , Hu Shouzi , Wang Hui , Cui Xiao‐wen , Tan Ye‐xiong , Dong Li‐wei , Wang Hong‐yang , Yuan Zhen‐gang 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIntroductionIntrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) is characterized by a dismal prognosis with limited therapeutic alternatives. To explore phosphatase and tension homolog (PTEN) as a biomarker for proteasome inhibition in ICC, we conducted a phase II trial to assess the second‐line efficacy of bortezomib in PTEN‐deficient advanced ICC patients.MethodsA total of 130 patients with advanced ICC in our centre were screened by PTEN immunohistochemical staining between 1 July 2017, and 31 December 2021, and 16 patients were ultimately enrolled and treated with single‐agent bortezomib 1.3 mg/m2 on days 1, 4, 8 and 11 of a 21‐day cycle. The primary endpoint was the objective response rate (ORR) according to Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors v1.1.ResultsThe median follow‐up was 6.55 months (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.7–19.9 months). Among the 16 enrolled patients, the ORR was 18.75% (3/16) and the disease control rate was 43.75% (7/16). The median progress‐free survival was 2.95 months (95% CI: 2.1–5.1 months) and the median overall survival (mOS) was 7.2 months (95% CI: 0.7–21.6 months) in the intent‐to‐treat‐patients. Treatment‐related adverse events of any grade were reported in 16 patients, with thrombopenia being the most common toxicity. Patients with PTEN staining scores of 0 were more likely to benefit from bortezomib than those with staining scores > 0.ConclusionsBortezomib yielded an encouraging objective response and a favourable OS as a second‐line agent in PTEN‐deficient ICC patients. Our findings suggest bortezomib as a promising therapeutic option for patients with PTEN‐deficient ICC.Highlights
There is a limited strategy for the second‐line option of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC).
This investigator‐initiated phase 2 study evaluated bortezomib in ICC patients with phosphatase and tension homology deficiency.
The overall response rate was 18.75% and the overall survival was 7.2 months in the intent‐to‐treat cohort.
These results justify further developing bortezomib in ICC patients with PTEN deficiency.