bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gold Nanoparticles with N‐Heterocyclic Carbene/Triphenylamine Surface Ligands: Stable and Electrochromically Active Hybrid Materials for Optoelectronics
Authors: Sun Ningwei , Singh Shivam , Zhang Haoran , Hermes Ilka , Zhou Ziwei , Schlicke Hendrik , Vaynzof Yana , Lissel Franziska , Fery Andreas 
Published: May 2024

AbstractOrganic‐hybrid particle‐based materials are increasingly important in (opto)electronics, sensing, and catalysis due to their printability and stretchability as well as their potential for unique synergistic functional effects. However, these functional properties are often limited due to poor electronic coupling between the organic shell and the nanoparticle. N‐heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) belong to the most promising anchors to achieve electronic delocalization across the interface, as they form robust and highly conductive bonds with metals and offer a plethora of functionalization possibilities. Despite the outstanding potential of the conductive NHC‐metal bond, synthetic challenges have so far limited its application to the improvement of colloidal stabilities, disregarding the potential of the conductive anchor. Here, NHC anchors are used to modify redox‐active gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) with conjugated triphenylamines (TPA). The resulting AuNPs exhibit excellent thermal and redox stability benefiting from the robust NHC‐gold bond. As electrochromic materials, the hybrid materials show pronounced color changes from red to dark green, a highly stable cycling stability (1000 cycles), and a fast response speed (5.6 s/2.1 s). Furthermore, TPA‐NHC@AuNP exhibits an ionization potential of 5.3 eV and a distinct out‐of‐plane conductivity, making them a promising candidate for application as hole transport layers in optoelectronic devices.
A Naturally Active Spy Transposon Discovered from the Insect Genome of Colletes gigas as a Promising Novel Gene Transfer Tool
Authors: Diaby Mohamed , Wu Han , Gao Bo , Shi Shasha , Wang Bingqing , Wang Saisai , Wang Yali , Wu Zherui , Chen Cai , Wang Xiaoyan , Song Chengyi 
Published: May 2024

AbstractNovel active DNA transposons, such as Spy transposons from the PHIS superfamily, are identified through bioinformatics in this study. The native transposases cgSpy and cvSpy displayed transposition activities of approximately 85% and 35% compared to the hyperactive piggyBac transposase (hyPB). The cgSpy transposon showed unique characteristics, including a lack of overproduction inhibition and reduced efficiency for insertion sizes between 3.1 to 8.5 kb. Integration preferences of cgSpy are found in genes and regulatory regions, making it suitable for genetic manipulation. Evaluation in T‐cell engineering demonstrated that cgSpy‐mediated chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) modification is comparable to the PB system, indicating its potential utility in cell therapy. This study unveils the promising application of the active native transposase, Spy, from Colletes gigas, as a valuable tool for genetic engineering, particularly in T‐cell manipulation.
Enhanced Efficiency and Stability of Wide‐Bandgap Perovskite Solar Cells Via Molecular Modification with Piperazinium Salt
Authors: Luo Yi , Zhu Jingwei , Yin Xinxing , Jiao Wenbo , Gao Zhiyu , Xu Yuliang , Wang Changlei , Wang Yang , Lai Huagui , Huang Hao , Luo Jincheng , Wang Juncheng , You Jiayu , Zhang Zhihao , Hao Xia , Zeng Guanggen , Ren Shengqiang , Li Zaifang , Fu Fan , Li Minghui , Xiao Chuanxiao , Chen Cong , Zhao Dewei 
Published: May 2024

AbstractWide‐bandgap (WBG) perovskite solar cell (PSC) plays a pivotal role as the top subcell in all‐perovskite tandem solar cells (TSCs), facilitating the absorption of high‐energy photons and affording a large open‐circuit voltage (VOC). Nonetheless, the stability and efficiency of WBG PSCs are constrained by light‐induced halide segregation and non‐radiative recombination losses. In this study, this work presents an approach of utilizing 2‐methylpiperazinium bromide (2‐MePBr) via interfacial engineering to realize high‐efficiency WBG (1.77 eV) PSCs. The C─NH─C functional group in 2‐MePBr, serving as an electron donor, can interact with under‐coordinated lead defects at the perovskite surface. Consequently, the treatment with 2‐MePBr mitigates interfacial non‐radiative recombination, enhances charge transport, inhibits ion migration, and thus delivers an improved power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 19.30% with a VOC of 1.29 V, and a fill factor of 83.08%. Notably, the WBG PSCs manifest enhanced stability, preserving 80% of the initial PCE after 337 h of continuous operation under 1 sun illumination at the maximum power point. Furthermore, the all‐perovskite TSCs based on this WBG subcell achieve a PCE of 27.47%, showing its promising application in perovskite‐based tandem solar cells.
Whither Goeth agricultural economics?
Authors: Mittelhammer Ron C. , Goodwin Barry K. , McCluskey Jill J. , Zilberman David 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIn this paper, we discuss the reasons why agricultural and applied economics and similar departments are often stand‐alone academic units. The factors that affect and shape the relationship of agricultural and applied economics faculty and departments with those from general economics departments are discussed. We present case studies of three universities having different relationships with general economics faculty at their respective universities: a merged unit, an unmerged unit, and a never‐merged unit. We conclude with rationale for the existence and future trajectory of agricultural economics and related academic units at Land Grant Universities.
Evaluation of the nitrogen uptake efficacy of daikon radish under greenhouse conditions on sandy soils
Authors: Brewer Miurel , Kadyampakeni Davie M. , Kanissery Ramdas , Kwakye Samuel 
Published: May 2024

AbstractCover crops can be a great addition to agricultural systems to improve soil health and nutrient cycling. One of the many qualities that cover crops possess is recovering residual nutrients. This study was established to estimate daikon radish (Raphanus sativus var. Longipinnatus) nitrogen (N) uptake, partitioning, and accumulation in a short time in Florida conditions. In greenhouse conditions, two Florida sandy soils were planted with daikon radish with three N rates (0, 50, and 101 kg N ha−1 as urea) following a randomized complete block with four replications. The treatments were organized in a two‐by‐three full factorial arrangement with the three N fertilizer rates. Biomass accumulation, N uptake, and partitioning into shoots and roots were estimated, and residual soil N was calculated. Increasing the amount of N applied to daikon radish plants did not increase biomass production or N accumulation in the shoots and roots of the plants. Daikon radish plants grown without N fertilization were able to produce a similar amount of biomass as those with N applications in their early growth stage. This suggests that daikon radish has the potential to adapt to the sandy soils of Florida and could efficiently utilize the residual soil N. This study shows the potential use of daikon radish as a cover crop in the row middles of citrus groves. The findings suggest that daikon radish plants could thrive in these unfertilized areas and offer promising benefits to the citrus orchards in terms of providing ground cover and additional advantages.
Comparative histological analysis of spleens in pediatric patients with hemolytic anemias: Insights into the pathophysiological mechanisms of spleen destruction in sickle cell anemia
Authors: Brousse Valentine , El Hoss Sara , Isnard Pierre , Laurance Sandrine , Lambert Camille , Ali Liza , Bonnard Arnaud , Capito Carmen , Sarnacki Sabine , Berrebi D. , Koehl Berengère , Benkerrou Malika , Missud Florence , Holvoet Laurent , Ithier Ghislaine , de Montalembert Mariane , Allali Slimane , Tshilolo Leon , Diebold Jacques , Molina Thierry Jo 
Published: May 2024

AbstractWhile sickle cell anemia (SCA) and hereditary spherocytosis (HS) share common features of increased spleen erythrophagocytosis due to increased red blood cell (RBC) turnover, SCA is specifically characterized by susceptibility to infections. In this study, histological lesions in the spleens of pediatric patients with SCA were analyzed, in close correlation with past clinical history and comparatively to HS, healthy and transfused β‐thalassemia patients (TDT). An evaluation of red pulp elementary lesions (red pulp fibrosis, iron deposition, number of Gandy–Gamna, and RBC trapping) combined into a severity score was established, as well as B‐cell follicles analysis. Quantification on digitalized slides of iron deposition, RBC trapping, and red pulp fibrosis was additionally performed. Spleens from 22 children with SCA, eight with HS, eight with TDT, and three healthy controls (HC) were analyzed. Median age at splenectomy was not different between SCA and HS patients, 6.05 years (range: 4.5–16.0) versus 4.75 (range: 2.2–9.5). Marked heterogeneity was found in SCA spleens in contrast to other conditions. Contrary to previous reports, B‐cell follicles were generally preserved in SCA. While RBC trapping was significantly increased in both SCA and HS (compared to TDT and HC), quantitative fibrosis and overall red pulp severity score were significantly increased in SCA spleens compared to other conditions. Moreover, there was an inverse correlation between quantitative fibrosis and number of B‐cell follicles, linking these two compartments as well as spleen fibrosis to infectious susceptibility in SCA, potentially through impaired red pulp macrophage scavenging and B‐cell subpopulations defects.
Visible‐Light Mediated C‐3 Amination of Quinoxalin‐ 2(1H)‐ones via Electron Donor‐Acceptor Complexation
Authors: More Devidas A. , Gayathri P. R. , Thete Kishor R. , Muthukrishnan M. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe formation of carbon‐nitrogen bonds holds paramount importance in the realm of synthetic organic chemistry, finding extensive applications in the synthesis of pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and organic materials. Herein, we describe a novel EDA complex mediated, metal‐ and photocatalyst‐free, visible‐light‐initiated direct C‐3 amination of biologically important, quinoxalin‐2(1H)‐one moiety. The key to the success lies in the formation of a photoactivated electron donor‐acceptor complex between quinoxalin‐2(1H)‐one and amine, which undergo subsequent electron transfer reaction to effect the desired transformation. A diverse array of 3‐aminoquinoxalin‐2(1H)‐ones were prepared employing this process and the yields are up to 87%. This work represents a significant advancement toward a more environmentally friendly and efficient approach, characterized by mild reaction conditions and a high atom economy.
A novel technique for the measurement of cervical length in non‐pregnant women
Authors: Vinnikov Yana , Barzilay Eran , Barel Oshri , Levy Gil 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIntroductionCervical elongation is considered a risk factor for pelvic organ prolapse treatment failure in uterine preservation surgery. Consensus has not been reached regarding what is considered a normal cervical length, or how to measure it. Our primary aim was to test a new technique for measuring cervical length.Materials and MethodsWe enrolled women undergoing hysterectomy, with or without pelvic organ prolapse (for all indications except cervical tumours/history of cervical operations). Their cervical lengths were measured both by ultrasound and anatomical measurement. The external length of the cervix was measured using Doppler location of the uterine artery near the cervical‐uterine junction as the proximal point and compared to the ultrasound measurement of the cervical canal. The uterine specimen was used to record anatomical cervical measurements as well as uterine corpus length. Baseline characteristics such as age, body mass index and pelvic organ prolapse quantification were also collected.ResultsTwenty women were eligible for evaluation. We found the average anatomical cervical canal length was (ccAN) 33.95 mm (range ±  9.23) and by external measurement (ceAN) 36.80 mm (range ± 7.54). We found a significant, high‐powered correlation between our ultrasound and anatomical measurements in both techniques, as well as between the two ultrasound techniques. We also found a negative correlation between cervical length and women's age (rp = −0.443, P = 0.05).ConclusionTransvaginal ultrasound measurement of cervical length using the location of the uterine artery was found to have a strong correlation to the anatomical cervical length and can be used for the measurement of normal cervical length.
Hyperpolarization of 15N‐Pyridinium by Using Parahydrogen Enables Access to Reactive Oxygen Sensors and Pilot In Vivo Studies
Authors: Mei Ruhuai , Fries Lisa M. , Hune Theresa L. K. , Santi Maria Daniela , Rodriguez Gonzalo Gabriel , Sternkopf Sonja , Glöggler Stefan 
Published: May 2024

AbstractMagnetic resonance with hyperpolarized contrast agents is one of the most powerful and noninvasive imaging platforms capable for investigating in vivo metabolism. While most of the utilized hyperpolarized agents are based on 13C nuclei, a milestone advance in this area is the emergence of 15N hyperpolarized contrast agents. Currently, the reported 15N hyperpolarized agents mainly utilize the dissolution dynamic nuclear polarization (d‐DNP) protocol. The parahydrogen enhanced 15N probes have proven to be elusive and have been tested almost exclusively in organic solvents. Herein, we designed a reaction based reactive oxygen sensor 15N‐boronobenzyl‐2‐styrylpyridinium (15N‐BBSP) which can be hyperpolarized with para‐hydrogen. Reactive oxygen species plays a vital role as one of the essential intracellular signalling molecules. Disturbance of the H2O2 level usually represents a hallmark of pathophysiological conditions. This H2O2 probe exhibited rapid responsiveness toward H2O2 and offered spectrally resolvable chemical shifts. We also provide strategies to bring the newly developed probe from the organic reaction solution into a biocompatible injection buffer and demonstrate the feasibility of in vivo 15N signal detection. The present work manifests its great potential not only for reaction based reactive sensing probes but also promises to serve as a platform to develop other contrast agents.
Catalytic (4+2) Annulation via Regio‐ and Enantioselective Interception of in‐situ Generated Alkylgold Intermediate
Authors: Bao Ming , Zhou Yi , Yuan Haoxuan , Dong Guizhi , Li Chao , Xie Xiongda , Chen Kewei , Hong Kemiao , Yu Zhi‐Xiang , Xu Xinfang 
Published: May 2024

AbstractA regio‐ and stereoselective stepwise (4+2) annulation of N‐propargylamides and α,β‐unsaturated imines/ketones has been accomplished with synergetic catalysis by a combination of a gold‐complex and a chiral quinine‐derived squaramide (QN‐SQA), leading to highly functionalized chiral tetrahydropyridines/dihydropyrans in good to high yields with generally excellent enantioselectivity. Mechanistic studies and DFT calculations indicate that the in situ formed alkylgold species is the key intermediate in this transformation, and the amide group served as a traceless directing group in this highly selective transformation. This method complements the enantioselective (4+2) annulation of allene reagents, providing the formal internal C−C π‐bond cycloaddition products, which is challenging and remains elusive.
A NIR‐Light‐Activated and Lysosomal‐Targeted Pt(II) Metallacycle for Highly Potent Evoking of Immunogenic Cell Death that Potentiates Cancer Immunotherapy of Deep‐Seated Tumors
Authors: Li Chonglu , Tu Le , Xu Yuling , Li Meiqin , Du Jiaxing , Stang Peter J. , Sun Yan , Sun Yao 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThough platinum (Pt)‐based complexes have been recently exploited as immunogenic cell death (ICD) inducers for activating immunotherapy, the effective activation of sufficient immune responses with minimal side effects in deep‐seated tumors remains a formidable challenge. Herein, we propose the first example of a near‐infrared (NIR) light‐activated and lysosomal targeted Pt(II) metallacycle (1) as a supramolecular ICD inducer. 1 synergistically potentiates immunomodulatory response in deep‐seated tumors via multiple‐regulated approaches, involving NIR light excitation, boosted reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, good selectivity between normal and tumor cells, and enhanced tumor penetration/retention capabilities. Specifically, 1 has excellent depth‐activated ROS production (~7 mm), accompanied by strong anti‐diffusion and anti‐ROS quenching ability. In vitro experiments demonstrate that 1 exhibits significant cellular uptake and ROS generation in tumor cells as well as respective multicellular tumor spheroids. Based on these advantages, 1 induces a more efficient ICD in an ultralow dose (i.e., 5 μM) compared with the clinical ICD inducer‐oxaliplatin (300 μM). In vivo, vaccination experiments further demonstrate that 1 serves as a potent ICD inducer through eliciting CD8+/CD4+ T cell response and Foxp3+ T cell depletion with negligible adverse effects. This study pioneers a promising avenue for safe and effective metal‐based ICD agents in immunotherapy.
Redox Synergy: Enhancing Gas Sensing Stability in 2D Conjugated Metal–Organic Frameworks via Balancing Metal Node and Ligand Reactivity
Authors: Yan Xiaoli , Chen Jie , Su Xi , Zhang Jingwen , Wang Chuanzhe , Zhang Hanwen , Liu Yi , Wang Lei , Xu Gang , Chen Long 
Published: May 2024

AbstractTwo‐dimensional conjugated metal–organic frameworks (2D c‐MOFs) have emerged as promising candidates in gas sensing, owing to their tunable porous structure and conductivity. Nevertheless, the reported gas sensing mechanisms heavily relied on electron transfer between metal nodes and gas molecules. Normally, the strong interaction between the metal sites and target gas molecule would result poor recovery and thus bad recycling property. Herein, we propose a redox synergy strategy to overcome this issue by balancing the reactivity of metal sites and ligands. A 2D c‐MOF, Zn3(HHTQ)2, was prepared for nitrogen dioxide (NO2) sensing, which was constructed from active ligands (hexahydroxyltricycloquinazoline, HHTQ) and inactive transition‐metal ions (Zn2+). Substantial characterizations and theoretical calculations demonstrated that by utilizing only the redox interactions between ligands and NO2, not only high sensitivity and selectivity, but also excellent cycling stability in NO2 sensing could be achieved. In contrast, control experiments employing isostructural 2D c‐MOFs with Cu/Ni metal nodes exhibited irreversible NO2 sensing. Our current work provides a new design strategy for gas sensing materials, emphasizing harnessing the redox activity of only ligands to enhance the stability of MOF sensing materials.
Selective adsorption and separation of salicylic acid and 4‐hydroxyisophthalic acid from industry‐grade 4‐hydroxybenzoic acid on UiO‐66
Authors: Yuan Kai , Sun Ye , Peng Yangfeng , Wei Yongming , Wu Yanyang , He Quan 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIn this study, UiO‐66 was employed for the first time as an adsorbent to separate phenolic acid analogues, specifically 4‐hydroxyisophthalic acid and salicylic acid, from impurities. Synthesized in‐house, UiO‐66 was shown to exhibit high selectivity towards 4‐HIPA/4‐HBA and SA/4‐HBA when a molar equivalent of acetic acid modulator to terephthalic acid was set at 44. The adsorption capacities for 4‐HBA, 4‐HIPA, and SA were determined to be 56.34, 55.02, and 60.34 mg/g, respectively. Furthermore, it was observed that after six regeneration cycles, the adsorption capacity for 4‐HBA remained nearly unchanged, whereas those for 4‐HIPA and SA decreased by 5.6% and 2.6%, respectively. FTIR and XPS analyses revealed that all three compounds were adsorbed at the same dominant Zr cluster site on UiO‐66, primarily through hydrogen bonding and electrostatic interaction. Dynamic adsorption experiments revealed that 4‐HBA was the first to elute, maintaining the residual contents of 4‐HIPA and SA below 0.1 wt%. Compared to traditional separation techniques, this paper provided a simple and effective method to purify industrial grade 4‐hydroxybenzoic acid.
Photoacoustic Imaging Using Polysaccharide‐Porphyrin Complexes by Photoirradiation at Long Wavelengths
Authors: Fujita Seiya , Omokawa Riku , Yamana Keita , Kawasaki Riku , Miura Risako , Kondo Teruyuki , Ikeda Atsushi 
Published: May 2024

AbstractPhotoacoustic (PA) imaging is a novel biological imaging technique with superior depth resolution compared to fluorescence imaging. The efficacy of PA imaging depends on contrast agents that possess considerable absorbance at longer wavelengths, coupled with high permeability in biological tissue and minimal fluorescence, achieved through mitigating aggregation‐caused quenching (ACQ) that attenuates PA intensity. Despite the successful transfer of porphyrin 2 featuring amino moieties from polysaccharides to liposomes, most of 2 incorporated within λ‐carrageenan (CGN‐2 complex) remained in CGN under acidic lysosomal conditions (pH 5.0). Consequently, the CGN‐2 complex exhibited a strong PA signal under 680 nm photoirradiation in Colon26 cells owing to the ACQ of 2. Moreover, the PA intensity of the CGN‐2 complex was further enhanced under 780 nm photoirradiation owing to the increased absorbance at 780 nm facilitated by the redshift of the Q‐band at pH 5.0.
Microwave synthesized novel biomass carbon dots applied in the fluorescent detection of crystal violet
Authors: Yin Yu , Wu Xiwen , Huang Chongyang , Dong Yaolin , Liu Jinquan , Tan Yan , Liang Hao , Yang Shengyuan 
Published: May 2024

AbstractTo establish a new method for detecting crystal violet (CV), a harmful dye, herein, a genre of novel biomass carbon dots (CDs) was synthesized via a microwave method and employed as a fluorescent probe, in which water spinach and polyethylene glycol (PEG) performed as raw materials. Based on the inner filter effect (IFE) between the luminescent CDs and CV, the blue emission of this probe at 430 nm could be quenched by CV. Hence, a new strategy was proposed to selectively determine CV in aquaculture ambient. Moreover, under the optimal experiment conditions, this method showed a good linearity between the concentration of CV (c) and fluorescence quenching rate (ΔF/F0) in the concentration range of 4–200 μmol/L with the corresponding correlation coefficient (r) and the detection limit of 0.997 and 710 nmol/L, respectively. With advantages of environmental protectivity, sensitivity, affordability, and user‐friendliness, the facilely fabricated CDs could be successfully applied in detecting CV in aquaculture samples, providing a technical foundation for monitoring the pollution of CV and ensuring the quality and safety of aquatic products.