bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sol–gel derived titania coating with immobilized bisphosphonate enhances screw fixation in rat tibia
Authors: Linderbäck Paula , Areva Sami , Aspenberg Per , Tengvall Pentti 
Published: February 2010

AbstractA variety of surface modifications have been tested for the enhancement of screw fixation in bone, and locally delivered anti‐osteoporosis drugs such as bisphosphonates (BP) are then of interest. In this in vivo study, the impact of surface immobilized BP was compared with systemic BP delivery and screws with no BP. After due in vitro characterization, differently treated stainless steel (SS) screws were divided into four groups with 10 rats each. Three of the groups received screws coated with sol–gel derived TiO2 and calcium phosphate (SS+TiO2+CaP). One of these had no further treatment, one had alendronate (BP) adsorbed to calcium phosphate mineral, and one received systemic BP treatment. The fourth group received uncoated SS screws and no BP (control). The screw pullout force was measured after 4 weeks of implantation in rat tibiae. The immobilized amount and release rate of alendronate could be controlled by different immersion times. The SS+TiO2+CaP coating did not increase the pullout force compared to SS alone. Surface delivered alendronate enhanced the pullout force by 93% [p = 0.000; 95% Confidence Interval (CI): 67–118%] compared to SS, and by 39% (p = 0.044; 95% CI: 7–71%) compared to systemic alendronate delivery. Both surface immobilized and systemically delivered alendronate improved implant fixation. Also, locally delivered, that is, surface immobilized alendronate showed a better fixation than systemically delivered. Using sol–gel derived TiO2 as a platform, it is possible to administer controllable amounts of a variety of BPs. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res 2010
OP‐1 (BMP‐7) stimulates osteoprogenitor cell differentiation in the presence of polymethylmethacrylate particles
Authors: Kann Shawn , Chiu Richard , Ma Ting , Goodman Stuart B. 
Published: February 2010

AbstractPolymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) particles have been shown to inhibit the differentiation, proliferation, and mineralization of osteoprogenitor cells in vitro. In this study, we investigated the effects of OP‐1 (BMP‐7) on the osteogenesis of MC3T3‐E1 osteoprogenitor cells exposed to PMMA particles in vitro. MC3T3‐E1 cells challenged with PMMA particles on the 1st day of differentiation in osteogenic culture showed a significant dose‐dependent decrease in mineralization and alkaline phosphatase expression over a 20‐day culture period. Exposure of these cells to OP‐1 (200 ng/mL) during days 1–4, 1–20, and 4–20 in the presence of PMMA particles resulted in significant increases in mineralization and alkaline phosphatase expression at all particle doses. Addition of OP‐1 to MC3T3‐E1 cultures challenged with PMMA particles on the 4th day of differentiation in osteogenic media also resulted in significant increases in mineralization and alkaline phosphatase expression. This study has shown that OP‐1 stimulates osteogenesis in MC3T3‐E1 osteoprogenitor cells that have been inhibited by PMMA particles. Local administration of OP‐1 to the site of osteolysis may be a potential adjunctive therapy to reverse the bone destruction due to wear particles. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A, 2010
Effects of surface chemistry prepared by self‐assembled monolayers on osteoblast behavior
Authors: Nakaoka Ryusuke , Yamakoshi Yoko , Isama Kazuo , Tsuchiya Toshie 
Published: February 2010

AbstractA surface of biomaterials is known to affect the behavior of cells after their adhesion on the surface, indicating that surface characteristics of biomaterials play an important role in cell adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation. To assess the effects of functional groups on biomaterial surface, normal human osteoblasts (NHOsts) were cultured on surfaces coated with self‐assembled monolayers (SAMs) containing various functional groups, and the adhesion, proliferation, differentiation, and gap junctional intercellular communication (GJIC) of the NHOsts were investigated. In the case of SAM with terminal methyl groups (hydrophobic surface), NHOst adhesion and proliferation was less prevalent. In contrast, NHOsts were adhered well on SAMs with hydroxyl, carboxyl, amino, phosphate, and sulfate group, which are relatively hydrophilic, their proliferation and differentiation level were dependent on the type of functional groups. Especially, when they were cultured on either SAMs with phosphate or sulfate group, both their alkaline phosphate activity and the calcium deposition by them were enhanced more than those cultured on a collagen‐coated dish. More interestingly, GJIC of NHOsts, which has been reported to play a role in cell differentiation as well as homeostasis of cells, were not significantly different among the SAM surfaces tested. These suggest that a specific functional group on a material surface can regulate NHOst adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation via cell‐functional group interaction without influencing their homeostasis. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A, 2010
Change in neuron aggregation and neurite fasciculation on EVAL membranes modified with different diamines
Authors: Wang Jyh‐Horng , Lin Ui‐Hsiang , Lin Chun‐Hung , Chung Yi‐Chen , Chen Chi‐Ruei , Kao Yu‐Chun , Lai Juin‐Yih , Young Tai‐Horng 
Published: February 2010

AbstractIn this study, we modified poly(ethylene‐co‐vinyl alcohol) (EVAL) membranes by the covalent bonding of diamines via epoxidation of surface hydroxyl groups of EVAL to analyze the effect of immobilized diamines with different carbon chain length on the cultured cerebellar granule neurons. Morphological studies showed that neurons seeded on the diamine‐immobilized EVAL membrane were able to survive and regenerate with formation of an extensive neuritic network. Furthermore, cultured neurons showed that the presence of diamine with different carbon chain length was able to effectively regulate the neuron adhesion, migration, aggregation, and neurite growth pattern, but mediated neuronal activity with equal efficacy. The short‐chain amine stimulated neuron migration, aggregation, and neurite fasciculation, whereas the long carbon chain diamine maintained single neuron distribution with the defasciculated feature of the neurite. Although it is known that positively charged amine molecules can interact directly with cell surface proteoglycans to mediate cell attachment, this study further demonstrated that the terminal primary amine with different carbon chain length is involved in mediating cell–substrate interaction to further regulate neuron aggregation and neurite fasciculation. This indicates a delicate interaction of neuron with the immobilized diamine molecules on the EVAL membrane surface. This work is encouraging because the diamine‐ immobilized EVAL membranes can be applied for the establishment of different neural culture systems useful for future investigations of neuron biology under in vitro conditions. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A, 2010
In vivo wound healing and antibacterial performances of electrospun nanofibre membranes
Authors: Liu Xin , Lin Tong , Fang Jian , Yao Gang , Zhao Hongqiong , Dodson Michael , Wang Xungai 
Published: February 2010

AbstractIn this work, nanofibre membranes have been produced from polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), polycaprolactone (PCL), polyacrylonitrile (PAN), poly (vinylidene fluoride‐co‐hexafluoropropene) (PVdF‐HFP), and polymer blend of PAN and polyurethane (PEU) using an electrospinning technique, and wound healing performance of the as‐spun nanofibre membranes was examined in vivo using female Sprague‐Dawley rats. To understand the nutrition effect, a wool protein was coated on PVA and PCL nanofibres and incorporated into PVA nanofibres via coelectrospinning of a PVA solution containing the wool protein. Silver nanoparticles were also applied to PVA nanofibres to improve antibacterial activity. It was found that the wound healing performance is mainly influenced by the porosity, air permeability, and surface wettability of the nanofibre membranes. A nanofibre membrane with good hydrophilicity and high porosity considerably facilitates the healing of wound especially at the early healing stage. However, the fiber diameter and antibacterial activity have little effect on the wound healing efficiency. As pores in nanofibre membranes are typically smaller than that of conventional cotton gauze, the nanofibre membrane should be able to decontaminate and prevent exogenous infections via sieve effect. This work provides basic understanding of material structure–property relationship for further design of efficient nanofibre‐based wound dressing materials. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A, 2010
A model for studying human articular cartilage integration in vitro
Authors: Enders J. Tyler , Otto Thomas J. , Peters H. Charlie , Wu Jin , Hardouin Scott , Moed Berton R. , Zhang Zijun 
Published: February 2010

AbstractOne of the major obstacles hindering cartilage repair is the integration of the reparative cartilage with the recipient cartilage. The purpose of this study was to develop an in
vitro model that can be conveniently applied to simulate and improve the integration of tissue engineered cartilage with native articular cartilage. This model, a cartilage integration construct, consists of a cartilage explant and isolated chondrocytes. The explant was anchored to agarose gel on a culture plate as agarose gelation at 4°C to seal the gap between the bottom of the explant and culture plate surface. Isolated chondrocytes were added and confined in the defect created in the center of the explant. After 4 weeks of culture, neocartilage containing proteoglycans and type II collagen was formed. Minimal integration occurred between the neocartilage and the cartilage explant, resembling the failure of cartilage integration manifested in experimental and clinical cartilage repair. In this model, agarose gel anchors the explant onto culture plate by altering temperatures and effectively prevents “leakage” of the isolated chondrocytes from the defect of the explant. This model provides a convenient simulation of the cartilage integration process in vitro and has applications in studies of cartilage integration and cartilage tissue engineering. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res part A, 2010
Endothelial and stem cell interactions on dielectrophoretically aligned fibrous silk fibroin‐chitosan scaffolds
Authors: Gupta Vishal , Davis Greg , Gordon Alexander , Altman Andrew M. , Reece Gregory P. , Gascoyne Peter R. , Mathur Anshu B. 
Published: February 2010

AbstractRegenerative tissue engineering requires biomaterials that would mimic structure and composition of the extracellular matrix to facilitate cell infiltration, differentiation, and vascularization. Engineered scaffolds composed of natural biomaterials silk fibroin (SF) and chitosan (CS) blend were fabricated to achieve fibrillar nano‐structures aligned in three‐dimensions using the technique of dielectrophoresis. The effect of scaffold properties on adhesion and migration of human adipose‐derived stem cells (hASC) and endothelial cells (HUVEC) was studied on SFCS (micro‐structure, unaligned) and engineered SFCS (E‐SFCS; nano‐structure, aligned). E‐SFCS constituted of a nano‐featured fibrillar sheets, whereas SFCS sheets had a smooth morphology with unaligned micro‐fibrillar extensions at the ends. Adhesion of hASC to either scaffolds occurred within 30 min and was higher than HUVEC adhesion. The percentage of moving cells and average speed was highest for hASC on SFCS scaffold as compared to hASC cocultured with HUVEC. HUVEC interactions with hASC appeared to slow the speed of hASC migration (in coculture) on both scaffolds. It is concluded that the guidance of cells for regenerative tissue engineering using SFCS scaffolds requires a fine balance between cell–cell interactions that affect the migration speed of cells and the surface characteristics that affects the overall adhesion and direction of migration. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A, 2010
Microbial biofilm growth versus tissue integration on biomaterials with different wettabilities and a polymer‐brush coating
Authors: Subbiahdoss Guruprakash , Grijpma Dirk W. , van der Mei Henny C. , Busscher Henk J. , Kuijer Roel 
Published: February 2010

AbstractBiomaterials‐associated infections (BAI) constitute a major clinical problem and often necessitate implant replacement. In this study, the race for the surface between Staphylococcus epidermidis ATCC 35983 and U2OS osteosarcoma cells is studied on biomaterials with different wettabilities and on a polymer‐brush coating. S. epidermidis was deposited on the different surfaces in a parallel plate flow chamber and then U2OS cells were seeded. Subsequently, staphylococci and U2OS cells were allowed to grow simultaneously on the surfaces for 48 h under low flow conditions. The presence of staphylococci reduced cell growth on all surfaces, but adhering cells spread equally well in the absence and presence of staphylococci. A hydrophilic polymer‐brush coating discouraged bacterial and cellular adhesion and growth. Thus, whereas the biomaterials evaluated support both biofilm formation and tissue integration, polymer‐brush coatings support neither. Therewith, the outcome of the race for the surface on these surfaces remains uncertain, emphasizing the need for biofunctionalized surfaces that discourage biofilm formation and support tissue growth at the same time. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A, 2010
Three step derivation of cartilage like tissue from human embryonic stem cells by 2D‐3D sequential culture in vitro and further implantation in vivo on alginate/PLGA scaffolds
Authors: Bai Hai Yan , Chen Gui An , Mao Gen Hong , Song Tian Ran , Wang Yan Xia 
Published: February 2010

AbstractIn this study a three step culture system, 2D‐3D sequential culture in vitro and further implantation in vivo was developed to induce human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) into cartilage like tissues. Five‐day‐old embryoid bodies were plated for chondrogenic induction for 27 days (step1), then the cells were suspended in alginate and seeded onto polylactic‐co‐glycolic acid (PLGA) scaffolds for 3D cultivation for 7 days (step 2) and the cells/alginate/PLGA complexes were further transplanted into nude mice for 8 weeks (step 3). At same time, some of complexes were cultured in vitro up to 8 weeks. At the end of step 1, cells exhibited fibroblast‐like morphology and expressed chondrocyte‐specific markers, Sox 9 and collagen II. During the following 8 weeks of 3D cultivation in vitro, cells displayed spherical morphology, decreased immunoreactivity to Sox‐9 and increased one to collagen II, demonstrated further differentiation to mature chondrocyte. In implanted grafts, not only cells appeared typical chondrocytes shape and markers but also cartilage like tissues were formed. These results indicate that 2D‐3D sequential culture in vitro is an efficient protocol to induce hESCs differentiates into chondrocytes, while the three step culture system may be an appropriate procedure to derive cartilage like tissues from hESCs. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A, 2010
Cell culture platform with mechanical conditioning and nondamaging cellular detachment
Authors: Lee Elaine L. , von Recum Horst A. 
Published: February 2010

AbstractCells implanted after injury may remodel undesirably with improper mechanical stimulation from surrounding tissue. Proper conditioning of tissue engineered constructs before implantation can lead to suitable tissue architectures, along with an extracellular matrix (ECM) environment that more closely mimics native tissue. Additionally, cell implantation without bulky polymeric scaffolding is often desirable. Previous researchers have created devices capable of applying mechanical forces to cells (e.g., stretch) but cellular removal from these devices, such as by trypsin, often results in irreversible damage. Conversely, devices are available that can detach intact cells, but these are inelastic, nonstretchable substrates. We have created a cell culture platform that allows for mechanical conditioning and then subsequent nondamaging detachment of those cells. We have modified silicone culture surfaces, to incorporate thermally responsive polymers of N‐isopropylacrylamide (NIPAAm) to create an elastic substrate that can also change surface properties with temperature change. A copolymer of NIPAAm and 10% w/w acrylic acid (AAc) was conjugated to an amine‐bonded silicone surface through carbodiimide chemistry. Cells were able to attach to the resulting surfaces at 37°C and showed detachment by rounded morphology at 25°C. Following mechanical stretching, cells were still able to spontaneously detach from these modified silicone surfaces with temperature change. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A, 2010
Treasurer vs. CFO: Vivendi's liquidity disaster
Authors: Le Guyader Louis P. 
Published: February 2010

AbstractWhat happens when the CFO and the treasurer clash over liquidity management and reporting? For the French company Vivendi, it caused them to run afoul of the Securities and Exchange Commission! The author explains what happened so other firms can avoid similar tragedies. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Enhancing Information for Investors
Authors: Cole Cathy J. 
Published: February 2010

AbstractMany publicly held companies provide financial information to investors in a variety of forms and formats. But not all companies provide the same level of information, or devote the same amount of resources to tailor information to users' needs. How can they provide a more user‐focused view of the company's financial condition? © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A system of cost variances to evaluate sustainability efforts
Authors: Dutta Saurav K. , Lawson Raef A. , Marcinko David J. 
Published: February 2010

AbstractOrganizations today face increasing demands to engage in environmental initiatives and to manage the environmental risks associated with their operations. This article shows how a well‐known technique of cost management—variance analysis—can be used to link performance evaluation systems to sustainability strategies. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Cerium (IV) ammonium nitrate as an efficient Lewis acid for the one‐pot synthesis of 3,4‐dihydropyrimidin‐2(1H)‐ones and their corresponding 2‐(1H) thiones
Authors: Sadek Kamal Usef , Al‐Qalaf Fawzia , Abdelkhalik Mervat Mohammed , Elnagdi Mohamed Hilmy 
Published: February 2010

Abstract
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A simple and highly efficient procedure for the Biginelli condensation reaction of aldehydes, β‐ketoesters, urea, or thiourea catalyzed by Ceric ammonium nitrate (CAN) as a Lewis‐acid at ambient temperature is described. The procedure proved to be simple and of high yield. J. Heterocyclic Chem., (2010).
1H‐Benzimidazole‐2‐acetonitriles as synthon in fused benzimidazole synthesis
Authors: Dawood Kamal M. , Elwan Nehal M. , Farahat Abdelbasset A. , Abdel‐Wahab Bakr F. 
Published: February 2010

Abstract
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This review summarizes the methods for preparing 1H‐benzimidazole‐2‐acetonitriles and their reactions in the past years, some of which have been applied to the synthesis of biologically active molecules. The main reactions are divided into several groups according to some types of the fused benzimidazoles. J. Heterocyclic Chem., (2010)
Vulnerability to climate change in rural Ghana: Mainstreaming climate change in poverty‐reduction strategies
Authors: Dasgupta Aisha , Baschieri Angela 
Published: February 2010

AbstractThis paper argues that poverty assessments that use standard money‐metric indicators of poverty overlook the welfare of communities highly vulnerable to weather‐related extremes, and that an assessment of vulnerability to climate change should be an integral part of poverty assessment. Using Ghana as a case study, this paper evaluates to what extent the standard money‐metric measures of poverty represent the welfare of those households vulnerable to weather‐related extremes. In addition, the paper illustrates the importance of mainstreaming climate change into development strategies, highlights the importance of integrating vulnerability assessments and stresses the need for developing adaptation strategies for poverty alleviation. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Neuroprotective effect of L‐serine against temporary cerebral ischemia in rats
Authors: Wang Guo‐Hua , Jiang Zheng‐Lin , Chen Zhao‐Qin , Li Xia , Peng Liang‐Liang 
Published: February 2010

AbstractTo investigate the neuroprotective effect of L‐serine and its underlying mechanisms, focal cerebral ischemia was induced in rats by occlusion of middle cerebral artery (MCAO) with a suture, and reperfusion was given by filament withdrawal 2 hr later. Meanwhile, rat hippocampal neurons were primarily cultured, and incubated in serum‐free medium in an incubator containing 1% O2 for hypoxic exposure of 5 hr, or incubated in serum‐free medium containing 1 mM glutamate for glutamate exposure of 2 hr. Brain tissue injury and cell damage were then measured. L‐serine dose‐dependently decreased the neurology deficit score and infarct volume, elevated the cell viability and inhibited the leakage of lactate dehydrogenase. These effects were blocked by strychnine in both MCAO rats and cultured hippocampal neurons. Furthermore, L‐serine (168 mg·kg‐1) reduced the brain water content, permeability of blood‐brain barrier, neuronal loss and the expression of activated caspase‐3 in the cortex. In addition, L‐serine effectively protected the brain from damage when it was administered within 6 hr after the end of MCAO. It is suggested that L‐serine could exert a neuroprotective effect on the ischemic‐reperfused brain and on the hypoxia‐ or glutamate‐exposed hippocampal neurons, which may be mediated by activating glycine receptors. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Comparison of ERA‐40, ERA‐Interim and NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data with observed surface air temperatures over Ireland
Authors: Mooney P. A. , Mulligan F. J. , Fealy R. 
Published: February 2010

AbstractSurface air temperatures modelled by ERA‐40, ERA‐Interim and (NCEP)/(NCAR) reanalysis (NNRP‐1) have been compared with observations at 11 synoptic stations in Ireland over the period 1989–2001. The three reanalysis datasets show good agreement with the observed data and with each other. Slopes of the least‐squares line to scatter plots of reanalysis data versus observational data show small differences between the three reanalyses, with ERA‐40, ERA‐Interim and NNRP‐1 slopes ranging between (0.79–1.06) ± 0.01, (0.83–1.01) ± 0.01 and (0.76–0.98) ± 0.01, respectively. Summary statistics and the monthly mean temperatures over the 1989–2001 period showed that the reanalyses were significantly warmer in winter than the observations, which resulted in best fit lines with slopes consistently less than unity. ERA‐Interim was slightly better than both ERA‐40 and NNRP‐1 at modelling winter temperatures and it had higher correlation coefficients with the observations. All three reanalyses use different grid sizes and types. Subsequent regridding of the ERA‐Interim and NNRP‐1 data to the ERA‐40 grid showed that the grid difference had no significant influence on the results. Comparison of ERA‐Interim and NNRP‐1 data with the air temperatures at four marine buoys around the Irish coast for the period 2001–2005 showed that the reanalyses modelled colder winter temperatures than the observations; resulting in best fit lines with slopes consistently greater than unity. The slopes for NNRP‐1 and ERA‐Interim at the marine buoys, respectively, averaged 1.09 ± 0.04 and 1.10 ± 0.05 while the slopes at the four land stations over the same period averaged 0.87 ± 0.02 and 0.89 ± 0.02, respectively. We believe that this pattern results from the difference in the treatment of land and sea surfaces in the reanalysis datasets. Copyright © 2010 Royal Meteorological Society