bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Single Center Experience with Short-term Circulatory Support: A Comparison of Demography, Indication and Clinical Outcome over the past Decade
Authors: Linneweber J. , Swojanowsky P. , Dohmen P. , Grubitzsch H. , Dushe S. , Holinski S. , Konertz W. 
Published: February 2011

Objective Aim of the study was to analyze changes over a ten years observation period regarding demography, indication for support and clinical outcome in patients treated with short-term mechanical circulatory support (MCS) for cardiogenic failure. Methods 39 patients treated with MCS between 2006–2008 (2008 group) were analyzed, assessing demography, complication rates and survival. Results were compared with 36 consecutive patients that had received centrifugal MCS between 1996–1998 (1998 group) at our institution. Results Mean age was 59.9 ± 12.9 (1998 group) and 60.9 ± 13.9 years ( P = 0.74). Mean logEuroScores rose from 12.0% ± 14.6% (1998 group) to 26.9% ± 20.5% (2008 group); P < 0.001. Postcardiotomy low output syndrome was the main cause for MCS. However the percentage of patients in cardiogenic shock prior to surgery increased from 19.4% (1998 group) to 33.3% (2008 group); P = 0.17. Complexity and urgency of the primary surgical procedure increased significantly. 16.7% (1998 group) vs. 41.0% (2008 group); P = 0.02 of interventions were classified “salvage/emergent”. Mean duration of support was 2.9 ± 1.9 days (1998 group) and 3.8 ± 3.1 days (2008 group); P = 0.14. Significantly more biventricular support was implemented in the 2008 group (23.1% vs. 5.6% in the 1998 group); P = 0.03. The incidence of complications, including device failure, thromboembolism and infection remained the same in both groups. 63.9% (1998 group) and 61.5% (2008 group) of the patients were successfully weaned from the device ( P = 0.83), 12% (1998 group) and 3% (2008 group) of the VAD patients were bridged to long-term VAD ( P = 0.12). Overall 30-day survival rates were similar (22.2% 1998 group vs. 28.2%; 2008 group); P = 0.55, however, survival rate in BVAD supported patients improved significantly. Conclusion These data demonstrate the beneficial effect of MCS to salvage patients with cardiac failure. Taking into consideration that the severity of illness, the complexity and urgency of the primary surgical procedure have steadily increased a comparable improvement in MCS outcome over the past decade was observed. Nevertheless, in-hospital mortality and VAD related complication rates such as bleeding remain high.
Lattice Boltzmann Simulation of Nucleate Pool Boiling in Saturated Liquid
Authors: Tanaka Yoshito , Yoshino Masato , Hirata Tetsuo 
Published: February 2011

AbstractA thermal lattice Boltzmann method (LBM) for two-phase fluid flows in nucleate pool boiling process is proposed. In the present method, a new function for heat transfer is introduced to the isothermal LBM for two-phase immiscible fluids with large density differences. The calculated temperature is substituted into the pressure tensor, which is used for the calculation of an order parameter representing two phases so that bubbles can be formed by nucleate boiling. By using this method, two-dimensional simulations of nucleate pool boiling by a heat source on a solid wall are carried out with the boundary condition for a constant heat flux. The flow characteristics and temperature distribution in the nucleate pool boiling process are obtained. It is seen that a bubble nucleation is formed at first and then the bubble grows and leaves the wall, finally going up with deformation by the buoyant effect. In addition, the effects of the gravity and the surface wettability on the bubble diameter at departure are numerically investigated. The calculated results are in qualitative agreement with other theoretical predictions with available experimental data.
Concordance between Clinical and Histopathologic Diagnosis in Recipient Corneas
Authors: Kanavi Mozhgan Rezaei , Javadi Atefeh , Ali Javadi Mohammad , Yaseri Mehdi , Feizi Sepehr 
Published: February 2011

Purpose. To specify a concordance rate between the preoperative clinical and the postoperative histopathologic diagnosis in recipient corneas referred to the pathology department of Central Eye Bank of Iran. Methods. Concordance and discrepancy between the preoperative clinical and postoperative histopathologic diagnosis of recipient corneal buttons were evaluated. Results. Overall, 340 corneal specimens were evaluated. The total concordance rate between the clinical and histopathologic diagnoses was 97.5%. The concordance rate in keratoconus, nonspecific scar and opacity, mustard gas keratopathy, combined keratoconus and dystrophy, postkeratorefractive keratectasia, and chemical burns was 100%. Discordant cases were observed in acquired corneal endothelial decompensation, corneal dystrophies, infectious keratitis, and miscellaneous causes, with the rate of 6.0%, 4.1%, 2.8%, and 16.6%, respectively. Conclusions. Our series demonstrated a significantly high concordance between the preoperative clinical and the postoperative histopathologic diagnosis in recipient corneas with different types of corneal disorders.
Genetic screening for Krabbe disease: Learning from the past and looking to the future
Authors: Macarov Michal , Zlotogora Joel , Meiner Vardiella , Khatib Zinab , Sury Vivi , Mengistu Getu , Bargal Ruth , Shmueli Esther , Meidan Bela , Zeigler Marsha 
Published: February 2011

AbstractIn Israel, Krabbe disease is frequent in two Moslem Arab villages in the Jerusalem area. In this paper we present our experience of almost four decades with diagnosis of Krabbe disease, carrier screening and prenatal diagnosis. The screening program is well accepted by the community, and there is a clear trend towards premarital testing. The screening program and prenatal diagnosis have led to a decrease in the incidence of Krabbe disease from 1.6 per 1,000 live births to 0.82 per 1,000. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Isolated skeletal malformations in a child with a small mosaic ring microduplication of 18 p11.21q11.2: Genotype–phenotype correlations
Authors: Slavin Thomas P. , Kuruvilla Kevin , Curtis Christine A. , Christ Laurie A. , Mitchell Anna L. 
Published: February 2011

AbstractWe describe a developmentally normal Amish child who has a karyotype with 47 chromosomes, including a supernumerary ring‐shaped chromosome 18 in each metaphase studied. The only phenotypic findings in the patient were hemivertebrae and rib anomalies. Further analysis of interphase cells revealed an additional, less frequent mosaic, apparently normal cell population. Genes in the triplicated region that possibly are contributing to her skeletal phenotype include GATA6, MC2R, MC5R, RBBP8, ESCO1, and ROCK1, among others. By studying such patients with abnormal genetic dosage, genotype–phenotype correlations can be used to refine gene function. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Blepharophimosis mental retardation syndrome Say‐Barber/Biesecker/Young‐Simpson type – New findings with neuroimaging
Authors: Szakszon Katalin , Berényi Ervin , Jakab András , Bessenyei Beáta , Balogh Erzsébet , Köbling Tamás , Szilvássy Judit , Knegt Alida C. , Oláh Éva 
Published: February 2011

AbstractWe report on a female patient with blepharophimosis mental retardation syndrome of Say/Barber/Biesecker/Young‐Simpson (SBBYS) type. Main findings in her were marked developmental delay, blepharophimosis, ptosis, cleft palate, external auditory canal stenosis, small and malformed teeth, hypothyroidism, hearing impairment, and joint limitations. We performed diffusion tensor magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and tractography of the brain which showed inappropriate myelination and disturbed white matter integrity. Cytogenetic analysis, subtelomeric fluorescence in situ hybridization and comparative genomic hybridization failed to identify an abnormality. It remains uncertain whether the MRI findings are specific to the present patient or form part of the SBBYS syndrome. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Linking chromosome abnormality and copy number variation
Authors: Cody Jannine D. , Hale Daniel E. 
Published: February 2011

AbstractNine out of 10 people has a chromosome copy number variation (CNV) of >1,000 bp of DNA. In some cases they are inconsequential, in other cases the variations cause disease or disability, and in most cases the relevance has not been elucidated. Several studies describe CNVs as “normal” biological variants while other studies suggest that CNVs may be associated with developmental disability. A concerted effort is needed to classify genes according to their dosage sensitivity, or to their lack of sensitivity. Over time, this effort will lead to the establishment of principles that permit the prediction of the consequence of any one genomic copy number change. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Clinical, pathological, and molecular analyses of cardiovascular abnormalities in Costello syndrome: A Ras/MAPK pathway syndrome
Authors: Lin Angela E. , Alexander Mark E. , Colan Steven D. , Kerr Bronwyn , Rauen Katherine A. , Noonan Jacqueline , Baffa Jeanne , Hopkins Elizabeth , Sol‐Church Katia , Limongelli Giuseppe , Digilio Maria Christina , Marino Bruno , Innes A. Micheil , Aoki Yoko , Silberbach Michael , Delrue Marie‐Ange , White Susan M. , Hamilton Robert M. , O'Connor William , Grossfeld Paul D. , Smoot Leslie B. , Padera Robert F. , Gripp Karen W. 
Published: February 2011

AbstractCardiovascular abnormalities are important features of Costello syndrome and other Ras/MAPK pathway syndromes (“RASopathies”). We conducted clinical, pathological and molecular analyses of 146 patients with anHRASmutation including 61 enrolled in an ongoing longitudinal study and 85 from the literature. In our study, the most common (84%)HRASmutation was p.G12S. A congenital heart defect (CHD) was present in 27 of 61 patients (44%), usually non‐progressive valvar pulmonary stenosis. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), typically subaortic septal hypertrophy, was noted in 37 (61%), and 5 also had a CHD (14% of those with HCM). HCM was chronic or progressive in 14 (37%), stabilized in 10 (27%), and resolved in 5 (15%) patients with HCM; follow‐up data was not available in 8 (22%). Atrial tachycardia occurred in 29 (48%). Valvar pulmonary stenosis rarely progressed and atrial septal defect was uncommon. Among those with HCM, the likelihood of progressing or remaining stable was similar (37%, 41% respectively). The observation of myocardial fiber disarray in 7 of 10 (70%) genotyped specimens with Costello syndrome is consistent with sarcomeric dysfunction. Multifocal atrial tachycardia may be distinctive for Costello syndrome. Potentially serious atrial tachycardia may present in the fetus, and may continue or worsen in about one‐fourth of those with arrhythmia, but is generally self‐limited in the remaining three‐fourths of patients. Physicians should be aware of the potential for rapid development of severe HCM in infants with Costello syndrome, and the need for cardiovascular surveillance into adulthood as the natural history continues to be delineated. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Molecular cytogenetic and clinical characterization of a patient with a 5.6‐Mb deletion in 7p15 including HOXA cluster
Authors: Jun Kyung Ran , Seo Eul‐Ju , Lee Jin‐Ok , Yoo Han‐Wook , Park In‐Sook , Yoon Hye‐Kyung 
Published: February 2011

AbstractHere, we describe the clinical features of a boy with a 5.6‐Mb deletion at chromosome 7p15.1–p15.3. He has mild facial anomalies, hand‐foot abnormalities, hypospadias, congenital heart defects, and supernumerary nipples. This deletion was detected by array comparative genomic hybridization and verified by fluorescence in situ hybridization using BACs selected from the USCS genome browser. This deletion was not found in subsequent FISH analysis of the parental chromosomes. The deleted region contains several genes, including contiguous developmental genes on the HOXA cluster, which play a role in regulating aspects of morphogenesis during normal embryonic development. The patient's limb and urogenital features were similar to those observed in hand‐foot‐genital syndrome, which is caused by haploinsufficiency of HOXA13, whereas the congenital heart defect may reflect the deletion of HOXA3. We hypothesized that many clinical features of the patient were due to combined haploinsufficiency of the HOXA cluster. Our study also demonstrates the clinical usefulness of a molecular cytogenetic tool that is capable of detecting imbalances in the genome. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Effect of shape and orientation of carbon steel fiber on the modulus of epoxy‐based composite
Authors: Ghoraishi M. S. , Zadhoush A. , GharehAghaji A. A. 
Published: February 2011

AbstractIn this research work, the effect of parameters such as orientation, length, and shape of fibers were investigated. Flat and waved carbon steel fibers with 15 mm length were used with different orientations. The effect of orientation and shape of fibers on composite modulus was investigated. Fiber‐reinforced epoxy resin with 30 mm waved and endhooked fibers were also investigated. The theoretical results obtained using Halpin‐Tsai model are in good agreement with the experimental results for all the shapes and orientations. Because of the mechanical interlock, the shaped fibers can bridge matrix cracks effectively and improve composite's modulus. Improvement of modulus using shaped fibers for certain orientations has been achieved. The results obtained are useful in the application of texturising on the synthetic fibers in polymeric materials and provide flexibility in design of any demanded shape through improving modulus at different angles. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011
Functionality of wheat straw lignin extracted in organic acid media
Authors: Delmas Guo‐Hua , Benjelloun‐Mlayah Bouchra , Bigot Yves Le , Delmas Michel 
Published: February 2011

AbstractWheat straw lignin was extracted by the CIMV process using organic acid media at pilot plant scale. The product was analyzed by gel permeation chromatography (GPC), 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy, infrared attenuated total reflectance‐Fourier transform infrared analysis (ATR‐FTIR), and gas chromatography (GC) to clarify its structure and functionality. In most cases, lignin was esterified before analysis. Control of the esterification was conducted via ATR‐FTIR and NMR. GC analysis was used to quantify total hydroxyl group of lignin by saponification of propionylated lignin and was also used to quantify phenolic hydroxyl groups of lignin by aminolysis of propionylated lignin. Acetylated lignin was analyzed by GPC. Carboxylic group of lignin was determined by pH metric titration. Lignin extracted from the CIMV process was observed as a low molecular weight polymer with a low polydispersity index and high free hydroxyl content. The potential of lignin as a natural polyphenol was confirmed by the analytical results obtained. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011
Mechanical and thermal characteristics and morphology of polyamide 6/isotactic polypropylene blends in the presence of a β‐nucleating agent
Authors: Li Jie , Wang Shi‐Wei , Yang Wei , Xie Bang‐Hu , Yang Ming‐Bo 
Published: February 2011

AbstractThe mechanical and thermal characteristics and morphology of polyamide 6 (PA6)/isotactic polypropylene (iPP) blends (10/90 w/w) prepared with different processing procedures and incorporated with an aryl amide nucleating agent, a kind of β‐nucleating agent (β‐NA) for iPP, were investigated. The yield strength and flexural modulus of the blends decreased as β‐NA was introduced into the blends, whereas the impact strength and elongation at break improved. The crystalline structures of the blends closely depended on (1) the processing conditions and (2) competition between the β‐nucleating effect of β‐NA and the α‐nucleating effect of PA6 for iPP. Scanning electron microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, and X‐ray diffraction were adopted to reveal the microstructures of the blends. At a low β‐NA content (<0.1 wt %), the α‐phase iPP dominated the blends, whereas the relative content of the β‐phase iPP increased remarkably when the β‐NA content was not less than 0.1 wt %. The processing conditions also showed profound influences on the supermolecular structures of iPP; this resulted in different mechanical properties of the blends. As for PA6, the crystallization behavior and crystalline structure did not exhibit obvious changes, but PA6 did play an important role in the epitaxial crystallization of iPP on PA6. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011
Syntheses of an azo‐group‐bound silica initiator and silica–polystyrene composites
Authors: Feng Libang , Ye Jiaofeng , Qiang Xiaohu , Zhang Hongxia 
Published: February 2011

AbstractIn this article, we present a facile method for the synthesis of an azo‐group‐bound silica (SiO2–azo) initiator. The azo groups were introduced onto the surface of silica (SiO2) nanoparticles via facile condensation between 4,4′‐azobis‐4‐cyanopentanoic acid and the alkyl–hydroxyl groups ‐ immobilized on the SiO2 nanoparticle surface under ambient conditions. The polystyrene (PS) chains were grafted onto the SiO2 nanoparticle surface by in situ polymerization with the resulting SiO2–azo as an initiator, and then, the SiO2–PS composite was prepared. The syntheses and properties of the SiO2–azo initiator and the composite were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, gel permeation chromatography, and differential scanning calorimetry techniques. The results confirm that the SiO2–azo initiator and the composite were synthesized successfully. Styrene was polymerized with the initiation of SiO2–azo, and the resulting PS domain accounted for 48.6% of the total amount of composite. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011
Improvement of the mechanical and electrical properties of waste rubber with carbon nanotubes
Authors: Mahmoud Waleed E. , El‐Mossalamy E. H. , Arafa H. M. 
Published: February 2011

AbstractThe effect of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) on the stability of the mechanical and electrical properties of recycled waste rubber was experimentally investigated. The stress–strain curves of the composites were studied. The results show that the toughness, the area under the stress–strain curve, of the recycled rubber increased monotonically as a result of the addition of CNTs. The modulus of the nanocomposites increased by 28 times when only 5 wt % CNTs was added to the recycled rubber matrix. The effects of the cyclic fatigue and hysteresis for the composites were also examined. The strain energy density, dissipation energy, and linear damage accumulation versus the number of cycles are discussed for all of the samples. The analysis of the results showed that the strain energy density increased by 15 times at a CNT concentration of 5 wt %. The electrical properties were measured for all of the samples. The results indicate that the addition of CNTs to the recycled rubber improved its electrical conductivity by more than two orders. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci, 2011
Cross‐linking of ethylene‐octene copolymer (EOC) by dicumyl peroxide (DCP)
Authors: Svoboda Petr , Poongavalappil Sameepa , Theravalappil Rajesh , Svobodova Dagmar , Mokrejs Pavel , Kolomaznik Karel , Ougizawa Toshiaki , Inoue Takashi 
Published: February 2011

AbstractEthylene‐octene copolymer (EOC) was crosslinked by dicumyl peroxide (DCP) at various temperatures (150–200°C). Six concentrations of DCP in range 0.2–0.7 wt % were investigated. cross‐linking was studied by rubber process analyzer (RPA) and by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). From RPA data analysis real part modulus s', tan δ, and reaction rate were investigated as a function of peroxide content and temperature. The highest s'max and the lowest tan δ were found for 0.7% of DCP at 150°C. Chain scission was analyzed by slope analysis of conversion ratio, X in times after reaching the maximum. Less susceptible to chain scission are temperatures in range 150–170°C and peroxide levels 0.2–0.5%. Heat of reaction was analyzed by DSC at various heating rates (5–40°C min−1). It was found to be exothermic. By projection to zero heating rate, the reaction was found to start at 128°C with the maximum at 168°C. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011
Facile preparation of nylon 6 nanocomposites based on clay reinforcement and core‐shell latex toughening: Morphology, properties, and impact fracture behavior
Authors: Sun Shuangyue , He Yadong , Wang Xiaodong , Wu Dezhen 
Published: February 2011

AbstractThis work is focused on a facile route to prepare a new type of nylon 6‐based nanocomposites with both high fracture toughness and high strength. A series of nylon 6‐matrix blends were prepared via melting extrusion by compounding with poly (methyl methacrylate‐co‐butadiene‐co‐styrene) (MBS) or poly(methyl methacrylate‐co‐methylphenyl siloxane‐co‐styrene) (MSIS) latices as impact modifier and diglycidyl ether of bisphenol‐A (DGEBA) as compatibilizer. Layered organic clay was also incorporated into above nylon 6 blends for the reinforcement of materials. Morphology study suggests that the MBS or MSIS latex particles could achieve a mono‐dispersion in nylon 6 matrix with the aid of DGEBA, which improves the compatibilization and an interfacial adhesion between the matrix and the shell of MBS or MSIS. High impact toughness was also obtained but with a corresponding reduction in tensile strength and stiffness. A moderate amount of organic clay as reinforcing agent could gain a desirable balance between the strength, stiffness and toughness of the materials, and tensile strength and stiffness could achieve an improvement. This suggests that the combination of organic clay and core‐shell latex particles is a useful strategy to optimize and enhance the properties of nylon 6. Morphology observation indicates that the layered organic clay was completely exfoliated within nylon 6 matrix. It is found that the core‐shell latex particles and the clay platelets were dispersed individually in nylon 6 matrix, and no clay platelets were present in MBS or MSIS latex particles. So the presence of the clay in nylon 6 matrix does not disturb the latex particles to promote high fracture toughness via particle cavitation and subsequent matrix shear yielding, and therefore, provides maximum reinforcement to the polymer. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011
Mechanical and thermal properties of biocomposites from poly(lactic acid) and DDGS
Authors: Li Yonghui , Susan Sun Xiuzhi 
Published: February 2011

AbstractDistillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS), an ethanol industry coproduct, is used mainly as a low‐value feedstuff. Poly(lactic acid) (PLA) is a leading biodegradable polymer, but its applications are limited by its relatively high cost. In this study, low‐cost, high‐performance biodegradable composites were prepared through thermal compounding of DDGS and PLA with methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (MDI) as a coupling agent. Mechanical, morphological, and thermal properties of the composites were studied. The coupling mechanism of MDI in the PLA/DDGS system was confirmed via Fourier‐transform infrared spectra. The PLA/20% DDGS composite with 1% MDI showed tensile strength (77 MPa) similar to that of pure PLA, but its Young's modulus was 25% higher than that of pure PLA. With MDI, strong interfacial adhesion was established between the PLA matrix and DDGS particles, and the porosity of the composites decreased dramatically. Crystallinity of PLA in the composites was higher than that in pure PLA. Composites with MDI had higher storage moduli at room temperature than pure PLA. This novel application of DDGS for biocomposites has significantly higher economic value than its traditional use as a feedstuff. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011