bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
De Liliifloris Notulae 8. Two new Massonia species (Hyacinthaceae) from South Africa
Authors: Müller‐Doblies Ute , Müller‐Doblies Dietrich 
Published: September 2010

AbstractA re‐investigation of the Stockholm paratype of Massonia tenella Soland. ex Baker 1871, Drège 3509 (K, S!) from Witbergen (–3027CA, Lady Grey) in the Eastern Cape in combination with the study of a living seedling leaf from a second locality confirmed our cautious earlier suggestion (U. & D. Müller‐Doblies 1997) that it is a new species. Massonia wittebergensis U.Müll.‐Doblies & D.Müll.‐Doblies has a unique leaf indument in Massonieae of laterally compressed curved emergences in Drège's herbarium specimen. Living emergences of a seedling leaf are less laterally compressed. Living and herbarium emergences share a further unique detail: the rounded tip is uneven with projecting cells. As to the distribution, M. tenella is only known from the Bokkeveld escarpment (Western Cape, Baker 1897), whereas M. wittebergensis occurs in the Drakensberge eight degrees longitude further east in the Eastern Cape.As to the second species treated here, a closer investigation of a leaf and a withered fresh inflorescence showed that it is a new species too: Masso‐ nia sempervirens U.Müll.‐Doblies, G.Milkuhn & D.Müll.‐Doblies. The retired horticulturist, Gottfried Milkuhn (Dresden), had received this enigmatic remarkable evergreen Massonia species in 2007 from a Dutch succulent grower as “Whiteheadia jasminiflora ” from Prince Albert (Western Cape) (© 2010 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Bioelectrocatalytic Carbon Ceramic Gas Electrode for Reduction of Dioxygen and Its Application in a Zinc–Dioxygen Cell
Authors: Nogala W. , Celebanska A. , Wittstock G. , Opallo M. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractAn enzyme‐modified carbon ceramic electrode was constructed and studied that is capable to reduce dioxygen supplied from the gas phase. The permeation of the electrode material and its hydrophobic silicate component was studied by scanning electrochemical microscopy. The mass‐transfer coefficient of dioxygen in methyltrimethoxysilane‐based silicate was estimated to be 6.44 × 10–5 cm2 s–1. After modification of the electrode with bilirubin oxidase and immersion in deareated aqueous electrolyte, the dioxygen bioelectrocatalytic reduction is observed with onset potential at 0.45 V. The constructed electrode was successfully applied as cathode in a zinc–dioxygen cell.
Supercapacitors Technical Requirements for New Applications
Authors: Conte M. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThe supercapacitors (SCs), also called ultracapacitors or electrochemical capacitors, are devices with a very high specific power and high capacitance, available for a long period of time with negligible deterioration, that have been historically proposed in small applications (memory back‐up in consumer electronics and storage systems for microsolar power generators) and now are proposed for high power/energy applications, such as hybrid and electric vehicles, power quality systems and smart grids. The advancements in new materials and the rapid growth of more demanding storage systems in a variety of applications have created a lack of universally accepted definitions of these devices and, consequently, a real difficulty in describing developments and progress in the SC field.This paper contains a brief survey of the history of the SC development, which is strongly related to the evolution of the SC technologies, tentatively classified in symmetric, asymmetric and hybrid. A short presentation of key parameters has been given to introduce the description of new applications with large SC devices, covering transport, industrial and electric utility sectors, with some reflections about the foreseen impacts on the future market more than quadrupled in 5 years up to almost $877 million worldwide.
BARD1 homozygous deletion, a possible alternative to BRCA1 mutation in basal breast cancer
Authors: Sabatier Renaud , Adélaïde José , Finetti Pascal , Ferrari Anthony , Huiart Laetitia , Sobol Hagay , Chaffanet Max , Birnbaum Daniel , Bertucci François 
Published: September 2010

AbstractHereditary breast cancers (BCs) are incompletely explained by BRCA genes abnormalities, as ∼70% of them are not associated with known genetic alterations. Array‐based comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH) of tumors provides an opportunity for identifying new BC susceptibility genes. By analyzing our database of high‐resolution aCGH profiles of 330 BCs, we identified a case with homozygous deletion of the entire BARD1 gene. The BARD1‐deleted case displayed a familial history of BC and other clinico‐pathological features of BRCAness, and a 17% probability of BRCA1/2 mutation. Analysis of constitutional DNA showed a BARD1 germline heterozygous deletion without BRCA1/2 mutation. Gene expression analysis using DNA microarrays classified the tumor as basal‐like, with very low BARD1 and ID4 expression, but high expression of BRCA1, RAD51, PARP1, CHEK1, and FANCA. The tumor displayed a BRCA1‐mutated expression profile. This is the first report of a non‐BRCA1/2‐mutated BC with somatic homozygous and germ‐line heterozygous deletion of the entire BARD1 gene. This observation suggests that BARD1 might be a BC susceptibility gene that follows the Knudson rule. Identification of BARD1 deletion could have clinical applications including screening for hereditary forms. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A meta‐analysis of home visiting programs: Moderators of improvements in maternal behavior
Authors: Nievar M. Angela , Van Egeren Laurie A. , Pollard Sara 
Published: September 2010

AbstractA meta‐analysis of home visiting programs for at‐risk families (K= 35,N= 6,453) examined differences in the effects of programs on maternal behavior. On average, programs with more frequent visitation had higher success rates. The frequency of home visits explained significant variance of effect sizes among studies in the United States, with two visits per month predicting a small, substantive effect. Intensive programs or programs with at least three visits per month were more than twice as effective as were less intensive programs. Home visiting programs using nurses or mental health professionals as providers were not significantly more effective than were programs using paraprofessionals. In general, programs showed a positive effect on maternal behavior, but programs with frequent home visits were more successful.
Becoming their mother: Knowledge, attitudes, and practices of orphanage personnel in Ukraine
Authors: Vashchenko Maryna , Easterbrooks M. Ann , Miller Laurie C. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractInstitutional caregiving can have adverse effects on children, yet little is known about the caregivers of institutionalized young children. We surveyed staff in three Ukrainian Baby Homes about their attitudes toward the nature of their work and the needs of the young children in their care. Seventy‐one caregivers completed anonymous, semistructured surveys. Popular reasons for working in Baby Homes included benefits and convenient work shifts, morality, and affection for children. Caregivers reported both favorable aspects of the work (enjoyment of children, professional satisfaction) and work difficulties (conflicts, lack of cooperation, little administrative support). In addition, they noted deficiencies in care: high caregiver–child ratio, frequent care disruptions, and lack of stimulation. Direct caregivers (in‐room “nannies,” educators, and nurses) and other providers (e.g., clinic nurses, physicians, therapists) differed in university‐degree attainment, professional motivation, enjoyment of children, professional satisfaction, and perceptions of self as substitute mother. A number of potential “windows for change” were identified, including recognition of deficiencies in institutional care and possibilities for improvement. Implications for interventions are discussed, including the need to consider lack of staff support, high emotional stress, internal conflicts, beliefs and attitudes about institutionalized children and their biological parents, and differences in staff educational achievement.
Inorganic arsenite inhibits IgE receptor‐mediated degranulation of mast cells
Authors: Hutchinson Lee M. , Trinh Benett M. , Palmer Rachel K. , Preziosi Christopher A. , Pelletier Jonathan H. , Nelson Hannah M. , Gosse Julie A. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractMillions of people worldwide are exposed to arsenic (As), a toxicant which increases the risk of various cancers, cardiovascular disease and several other health problems. Arsenic is a potent endocrine disruptor, including of the estrogen receptor. It was recently shown that environmental estrogen‐receptor disruptors can affect the signaling of mast cells, which are important players in parasite defense, asthma and allergy. Antigen (Ag) or allergen crosslinking of IgE‐bound receptors on mast cells leads to signaling, culminating in degranulation, the release of histamine and other mediators. Because As is an endocrine disruptor and because endocrine disruptors have been found to affect degranulation, here we have tested whether sodium arsenite affects degranulation. Using the rat basophilic leukemia (RBL) mast cell model, we have measured degranulation in a fluorescence assay. Arsenic alone had no effect on basal levels of degranulation. However, As strongly inhibited Ag‐stimulated degranulation at environmentally relevant concentrations, in a manner that is very dependent on concentrations of both As and Ag. The concentrations of As effective at inhibiting degranulation were not cytotoxic. This inhibition may be a mechanism underlying the traditional Chinese medicinal use of As to treat asthma. These data indicate that As may inhibit the ability of humans to fight off parasitic disease. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Sensitivity of superficial cultures in lower extremity wounds
Authors: Chakraborti Chayan , Le Christina , Yanofsky Andrew 
Published: September 2010

AbstractBACKGROUND:Superficial wound cultures are routinely used to guide therapy, despite a lack of clear supporting evidence.PURPOSE:To conduct a systematic review of the correlation between superficial wound cultures and the etiology of skin and soft tissue infections.DATA SOURCES:Medline, EMBASE, CINAHL, Scopus.STUDY SELECTION:Articles published between January 1960 and August 2009 involving superficial wound cultures and deeper comparison cultures.DATA EXTRACTION:Two reviewers independently searched for abstracted information pertaining to the microbiology of lower extremity wounds sufficient to calculate the sensitivity and specificity of superficial wound cultures versus comparison cultures.DATA SYNTHESIS:Data pooled using a random‐effects meta‐analysis model.RESULTS:Of 9032 unique citations, 8 studies met all inclusion criteria. Inter‐rater reliability was substantial (Kappa = 0.78). Pooled test sensitivity for superficial wound swabs was 49% (95% confidence interval [CI], 37‐61%], and specificity was 62% (95% CI, 51‐74%). The pooled positive and negative likelihood ratios (LRs) were 1.1 (95% CI, 0.71‐1.5) and 0.67 (95% CI, 0.52‐0.82). The median number of isolates for surface cultures (2.7, interquartile range [IQR] 1.8‐3.2) was not significantly different than that for comparison cultures, (2.2, IQR 1.7‐2.9) (P = 0.75).CONCLUSION:Few studies show a strong relationship between superficial wound swabs and deep tissue cultures, and the current data demonstrate poor overall sensitivity and specificity. The positive and negative LRs were found to provide minimal utility in influencing pretest probabilities. Results of this analysis show that wound cultures should not be used in lieu of local antibiograms to guide initial antibiotic therapies. Journal of Hospital Medicine 2010;5:415–420. © 2010 Society of Hospital Medicine.
His‐tag binding by antibody C706 mimics β‐amyloid recognition
Authors: Teplyakov Alexey , Obmolova Galina , Canziani Gabriela , Zhao Yonghong , Gutshall Lester , Jung Sonia S. , Gilliland Gary L. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractAlzheimer's disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disease characterized by extracellular deposits of β‐amyloid (Aβ) plaques. Aggregation of the Aβ42 peptide leading to plaque formation is believed to play a central role in Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis. Anti‐Aβ monoclonal antibodies can reduce amyloid plaques and could possibly be used for immunotherapy. We have developed a monoclonal antibody C706, which recognizes the human Aβ peptide. Here we report the crystal structure of the antibody Fab fragment at 1.7 Å resolution. The structure was determined in two crystal forms, P21 and C2. Although the Fab was crystallized in the presence of Aβ16, no peptide was observed in the crystals. The antigen‐binding site is blocked by the hexahistidine tag of another Fab molecule in both crystal forms. The poly‐His peptide in an extended conformation occupies a crevice between the light and heavy chains of the variable domain. Two consecutive histidines (His4–His5) stack against tryptophan residues in the central pocket of the antigen‐binding surface. In addition, they form hydrogen bonds to the acidic residues at the bottom of the pocket. The mode of his‐tag binding by C706 resembles the Aβ recognition by antibodies PFA1 and WO2. All three antibodies recognize the same immunodominant B‐cell epitope of Aβ. By similarity, residues Phe–Arg–His of Aβ would be a major portion of the C706 epitope. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Low prevalence of hepatitis E infection among pregnant women in Madrid, Spain
Authors: Lindemann Maria Luisa Mateos , Gabilondo Gustavo , Romero Beatriz , de la Maza Oihane Martín S. , Pérez‐Gracia Maria Teresa 
Published: September 2010

AbstractHepatitis E virus, a cause of sporadic hepatitis in developed countries is present in Spain. The aims of this study were to determine whether the prevalence of IgG anti‐hepatitis E virus antibodies has increased in recent years in Spain and the prevalence in a study population at risk of developing the disease following the infection. Serum samples from 1,040 women in the first trimester of pregnancy were studied. The prevalence rate of 3.6% has not increased significantly since 1999 in spite of the large number of immigrants from endemic regions. IgM anti‐HEV antibodies were detected in 0.67% of the patients suggesting that although subclinical infection exists the prevalence is very low. The reasons for the differences in the morbidity of HEV in pregnant women in different geographical areas remain unclear. Good hygienic measures and public health conditions are important factors for ensuring low prevalence of hepatitis E in Spain. J. Med. Virol. 82:1666–1668, 2010. 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Comparison of viral load and duration of virus shedding in symptomatic and asymptomatic neonatal rotavirus infections
Authors: Ramani Sasirekha , Sankaran Premi , Arumugam Rajesh , Sarkar Rajiv , Banerjee Indrani , Mohanty Ipsita , Jana Atanu Kumar , Kuruvilla Kurien Anil , Kang Gagandeep 
Published: September 2010

AbstractA single rotavirus strain causing asymptomatic infections as well as severe gastrointestinal disease has been described in the neonatal nurseries of the Christian Medical College, Vellore. In this study, quantitative real‐time RT‐PCR was used to determine the association of viral load with the presence of gastrointestinal symptoms in neonates. Viral load was estimated in terms of the crossing point [C(t) value] at which the amplicon could be detected in the real‐time PCR assay. The study was carried out on 103 neonates, including 33 asymptomatic neonates and 70 neonates with different gastrointestinal symptoms. The duration of virus shedding was also compared between five symptomatic and four asymptomatic neonates using real‐time RT‐PCR. There was no significant difference in viral load between symptomatic and asymptomatic neonates (P = 0.087). Among neonates with different gastrointestinal symptoms, those presenting with feed intolerance and abdominal distension had a significantly higher viral load than those with other gastrointestinal symptoms (P = 0.02). For the study on virus shedding, nine neonates were followed up for a median duration of 53 days, with a median of 31 samples tested per child. Extended shedding of low copies of rotavirus was found, with no significant differences in pattern of shedding between symptomatic and asymptomatic neonates. The lack of correlation between viral load and gastrointestinal disease demonstrates yet another difference between neonatal rotavirus infection and infection in older children where higher viral load correlates with severe disease. J. Med. Virol. 82:1803–1807, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Expression of Epstein‐Barr virus‐encodedLMP1andhTERTextends the life span and immortalizes primary cultures of nasopharyngeal epithelial cells
Authors: Yip Yim‐Ling , Tsang Chi‐Man , Deng Wen , Cheung Pak‐Yan , Jin Yuesheng , Cheung Annie Lai‐Man , Lung Maria Li , Tsao Sai‐Wah 
Published: September 2010

AbstractCell immortalization is regarded as an early and pre‐requisite step in tumor development. Defining the specific genetic events involved in cell immortalization may provide insights into the early events of carcinogenesis. Nasopharyngeal carcinoma is common among the Southern Chinese population. Epstein‐Barr virus (EBV) infection is associated closely with nasopharyngeal carcinoma. The involvement ofLMP1(an EBV‐encoded oncogene) has been implicated in the pathogenesis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma. In this study,LMP1expression, in combination with ectopic expression ofhTERT(catalytic unit of human telomerase), was shown to extend the life span of primary cultures of nasopharyngeal epithelial cells and facilitate the immortalization of one of the cell lines (NP446). This is the first report on the successful immortalization of nasopharyngeal epithelial cells involvingLMP1. The events associated with the immortalization of nasopharyngeal epithelial cells byLMP1/hTERTwere characterized. Expression ofc‐Myc,Bmi‐1, andId‐1were upregulated at an early stage of immortalization. At a later stage of immortalization, downregulation ofp21andp16expression were observed. Upregulation ofEGFRexpression and activation ofMAPKsignaling pathway were observed inLMP1/hTERT‐immortalized nasopharyngeal epithelial cells. TheLMP1/hTERT‐immortalized NP446 cells were non‐tumorigenic in immunosuppressed nude mice and retained anchorage‐dependent growth, suggesting that additional events are required for tumorigenic transformation. The ability of the EBV‐encodedLMP1, in the presence ofhTERTexpression, to extend the life span and immortalize primary cultures of nasopharyngeal epithelial cells supports the involvement of EBV infection and its viral products in the early stage of pathogenesis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma. J. Med. Virol. 82:1711–1723, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Human parechoviruses in infants with systemic infection
Authors: Piñeiro L. , Vicente D. , Montes M. , Hernández‐Dorronsoro U. , Cilla G. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractHuman parechoviruses (HPeVs) are RNA viruses related to neonatal sepsis, meningoencephalitis and other infections in young children. Little clinical and epidemiological information is available on these viruses. HPeVs were sought in cerebrospinal fluid from 397 infants aged less than 12 months from whom a sample was obtained to exclude meningitis or encephalitis from 2006 to 2009. HPeV infections were also tested in stool samples from 271 children aged less than 3 years old with gastroenteritis from November 2008 to March 2009. HPeV detection was by real‐time polymerase chain reaction assay (region 5′UTR), followed by genotyping (region VP3/VP1). HPeVs were detected in the cerebrospinal fluid of nine infants (2.3%), one aged 6 months and eight aged 14–55 days old. All were admitted to hospital for febrile syndrome with abrupt clinical deterioration and suspected systemic infection without clear laboratory signs of meningeal inflammation. The same virus was detected in all the available nasopharyngeal aspirates, stool, and/or serum samples from each patient. At least eight of the nine cases were caused by HPeV3. HPeVs were detected in stool samples from 17 children (6.3%), the most prevalent types being types 1 and 3. In conclusion, HPeV infection is common in the Basque Country (Spain) and HPeV3 is a significant cause of hospital admission due to systemic infection in the first few months of life. In these patients, HPeVs should be investigated as part of routine tests for enterovirus. J. Med. Virol. 82:1790–1796, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Impact of Smad3 loss of function on scarring and adhesion formation during tendon healing
Authors: Katzel Evan B. , Wolenski Matthew , Loiselle Alayna E. , Basile Patrick , Flick Lisa M. , Langstein Howard N. , Hilton Matthew J. , Awad Hani A. , Hammert Warren C. , O'Keefe Regis J. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractStudies were performed evaluating the role of Smad3, a transcription factor mediating canonical TGF‐β signaling, on scarring and adhesion formation using an established flexor digitorum longus (FDL) tendon repair model. In unoperated animals the metatarsophalangeal (MTP) range of motion (ROM) was similar in Smad3−/− and wild‐type (WT) mice while the basal tensile strength of Smad3−/− tendons was significantly (39%) lower than in WT controls. At 14 and 21 days following repair Smad3−/− MTP ROM reached approximately 50% of the basal level and was twice that observed in WT tendon repairs, consistent with reduced adhesion formation. Smad3−/− and WT maximal tensile repair strength on post‐operative day 14 was similar. However, Smad3−/− tendon repairs maximal tensile strength on day 21 was 42% lower than observed in matched WT mice, mimicking the relative decrease in strength observed in Smad3−/− FDL tendons under basal conditions. Histology showed reduced “healing callus” in Smad3−/− tendons while quantitative PCR, in situ hybridization, and immunohistochemistry showed decreased col3a1 and col1a1 and increased MMP9 gene and protein expression in repaired Smad3−/− tendons. Thus, Smad3−/− mice have reduced collagen and increased MMP9 gene and protein expression and decreased scarring following tendon FDL tendon repair. © 2010 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 29:684–693, 2011
Building a great organization
Authors: Thompson Mark , Tracy Brian 
Published: September 2010

AbstractBasing their article on a World Success Survey in 110 nations to determine the key traits of leaders whose impact has lasted more than 20 years, Mark Thompson and Brian Tracy present seven key steps leaders use to build great organizations. This article includes insights from such leadership icons as Ingvar Kamprad, founder of IKEA; Alan Mulally, CEO of Ford; and Jeff Bezos, Amazon.com's founder.
Multipotent adipose stromal cells and breast cancer development: Think globally, act locally
Authors: Zhao Min , Dumur Cathy I. , Holt Shawn E. , Beckman Matthew J. , Elmore Lynne W. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractIt has long been appreciated that stromal cells within the breast tumor microenvironment contribute to mammary carcinogenesis. However, to date, very little is known regarding the role of local adipose‐derived stromal cells (ASCs) in the development of breast cancer. Based on pathological, epidemiological and experimental data, we postulate that breast‐derived ASCs are unique mesenchymal stem‐like cells that play a critical role in the development of breast cancer and discuss the global implications of this working model in terms of breast cancer prevention, early detection, and new targeted therapies. Mol. Carcinog. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.