bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Callous-unemotional Traits: Verhaltensprobleme und prosoziales Verhalten bei Kindergartenkindern
Authors: Koglin Ute , Petermann Franz 
Published: June 2012

Callous-unemotional Traits (CU-Traits) stellen in der emotionalen Entwicklung Abweichungen dar, wie mangelnde Empathie oder ein oberflächlicher Affekt und gehören zu den Kernmerkmalen der Psychopathy. Aus einer entwicklungspsychopathologischen Sichtweise wird in der vorliegenden Studie untersucht, ob diese affektiven Merkmale bereits bei Kindern im Kindergartenalter zu identifizieren sind und sie mit Verhaltensproblemen, besonders mit externalisierenden Verhaltensproblemen, im Zusammenhang stehen. Anhand einer Stichprobe mit 311 Kindern (durchschnittlich 5;0 Jahre) wird die Anzahl der Kinder mit Callous-unemotional-Traits (CU-Traits), erfasst mit dem „Antisocial Process Screening Device“ (APSD), identifiziert. Es werden quer- und längsschnittliche Zusammenhange zwischen CU-Traits und Erlebens- und Verhaltensprobleme (SDQ) dargestellt. 23,3 % der Kinder weisen erhöhte Werte auf der Skala CU-Traits auf. Jüngere Kinder erreichen höhere Werte, so dass normative Entwicklungseinflüsse nahe gelegt werden. Es zeigen sich eindeutige Beziehungen zwischen CU-Traits und Verhaltensproblemen sowie negative Korrelationen zu prosozialem Verhalten. In der längsschnittlichen Analyse über ein Jahr erweisen sich CU-Traits als Prädiktor für Verhaltensprobleme. Ein spezifischer Zusammenhang zwischen aggressivem Verhalten und CU-Traits kann nicht aufgezeigt werden. CU-Traits stehen besonders mit einem Defizit prosozialen Verhaltens in Verbindung. Es wird diskutiert, ob CU-Traits bei jungen Kindern dazu geeignet sind, aggressive Kinder frühzeitig zu identifizieren.
Record heavy mineral dust outbreaks over Korea in 2010: Two cases observed with multiwavelength aerosol/depolarization/Raman‐quartz lidar
Authors: Tatarov B. , Müller D. , Noh Y.‐M. , Lee K.‐H. , Shin D.‐H. , Shin S.‐K. , Sugimoto N. , Seifert P. , Kim Y.‐J. 
Published: June 2012

We report on two strong events of transport of mineral dust from Central Asia across Korea. The events took place in March and November 2010. The November case is important as fall is not a typical time for strong dust outbreaks in East Asia. We observed the dust with a multiwavelength aerosol/depolarization/Raman quartz lidar. The record PM‐10 concentration of nearly 1600μg/m3 in March 2010 exceeds the record value of 1470 μg/m3 measured in Seoul in March 2002. The event in November was the strongest case of dust transport ever observed over Korea in fall. We find up to 360 μg/m3dust in heights above 250 m which is significantly different from the ground‐based PM‐10 observations.
Perpendicular propagation of magnetosonic waves
Authors: Chen Lunjin , Thorne Richard M. 
Published: June 2012

Azimuthal and radial propagation characteristics of perpendicularly propagating fast magnetosonic waves in an axis‐symmetrical medium with the presence of plasmapause is investigated analytically based on Snell's law. We find thatQ = nr sin ψ is conserved during the propagation, where n is wave refractive index, ris geo‐centered distance, andψ is wave azimuthal angle with zero pointing radially outward. The radial range of wave propagation can be determined by comparing Q and the radial profile of nr.Trapped waves, which are bounded in a narrow radial range but migrate azimuthally and even circularly, are identified inside the plasmapause over a broad range of wave azimuthal angles and over a broad range of wave frequencies from the proton gyrofrequency to the lower hybrid resonance frequency. In contrast untrapped waves launched inside and outside the plasmasphere can travel azimuthally 0–4 hrs and 0–7 hrs in local times respectively. The substantial radial and azimuthal propagation may account for the presence of magnetosonic waves away from the source region.
Response of Migratory Sea Lampreys to Artificial Lighting in Portable Traps
Authors: Stamplecoskie Keith M. , Binder Thomas R. , Lower Nicola , Cottenie Karl , McLaughlin Robert L. , McDonald D. Gordon 
Published: June 2012

Abstract
This study evaluated responses by migratory spawning-phase sea lampreys Petromyzon marinus to artificial trap lighting in the laboratory and field with the aim of improving trapping as a method of sea lamprey control in the Laurentian Great Lakes. We hypothesized that lighting would improve trap success by increasing the attraction to, entrance into, or retention within portable sea lamprey traps. The responses of migratory sea lampreys to nocturnal lighting were complex and situation dependent. In the laboratory, where two traps were placed side by side, more sea lampreys were caught in the lit trap than in the unlit trap (80% versus 20%), largely because of increased attraction to the lit trap (75% of trap funnel entries by sea lampreys were in lit traps). In the field, where two traps were set 9 m apart and located against a barrier to upstream movement, there was no consistent difference in the numbers of sea lampreys caught in lit versus unlit traps. We provide two hypotheses for the variability in response to trap lighting between the laboratory and field, but overall the inconsistency of sea lamprey response to trap lighting leads us to conclude that the benefits of implementing trap lighting for sea lamprey control are limited. Lighting traps may be beneficial in situations where lighting is implemented in conjunction with other trap modifications that attract sea lampreys to within close proximity of traps or when traps are operated in stream locations that already encounter high volumes of sea lampreys.
Received November 2, 2011; accepted February 17, 2012
Magnetodielectric effect from the onset of ferrimagnetic transition in CoCr2O4
Authors: Yang S , Bao H X , Xue D Z , Zhou C , Gao J H , Wang Y , Wang J Q , Song X P , Sun Z B , Ren X B , Otsuka K 
Published: June 2012

Abstract
Multiferroicity in CoCr2O4 is generally regarded to emerge from the onset of noncollinear spiral magnetic order (T
s ≈ 28 K) due to the inverse Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interaction, far below the temperature of collinear ferrimagnetic transition (T
c ≈ 96 K). So far, the possibility of multiferroicity appearing in collinear magnetic order has been rarely explored. Here, we report a magnetodielectric effect emerging from the onset of collinear ferrimagnetic transition T
c in CoCr2O4. Based on the postulation of non-centric crystal symmetry and Landau theory, we deduce that such a magnetodielectric effect is attributed to the coexistence of electric and magnetic ordering by the magnetoelectric coupling below T
c. Our results suggest that CoCr2O4 is a natural multiferroic in both noncollinear spiral and collinear magnetic ordering.
Complete fabrication study of InAs/GaSb superlattices for long-wavelength infrared detection
Authors: Wang Guowei , Xu Yingqiang , Wang Lijuan , Ren Zhengwei , He Zhenhong , Xing Junliang , Niu Zhichuan 
Published: June 2012

Abstract
We report a complete fabrication process of InAs/GaSb type-II superlattice long-wavelength infrared photodiodes with band structure modelling, materials growth and device fabrication. The optoelectronic property of InAs/GaSb type-II superlattices is simulated by the modified empirical tight binding model for interface stoichiometry. We chose target superlattices from the simulation results. To obtain good lattice matched and high interface quality material, a two-step strain balance method of migration-enhanced epitaxy is applied in the growth of superlattices. The property of superlattices is matched well with the simulation results. Finally, photodiodes with 50% cutoff wavelength of 8.72 µm and peak detectivity of 8.1 × 1010 cm Hz1/2 W−1 at 77 K are demonstrated.
Rectification effect in La1.89Ce0.11CuO4/SrTiO3/La0.67Sr0.33MnO3 heterostructure
Authors: Xia F J , Yuan J , Xie Z , Xu B , Cao L X , Zhao B R , Zhu B Y 
Published: June 2012

Abstract
Perovskite oxide junctions of p-type colossal magneto-resistance material La0.67Sr0.33MnO3 (LSMO), strontium titanate insulator SrTiO3 (STO) and n-type high-T
c superconductor La1.89Ce0.11CuO4 (LCCO) were deposited on STO (001) substrates by the pulsed laser deposition method. The current–voltage (I–V) characteristics were measured at room temperature and pronounced rectifying characteristics were observed. The trilayer junctions with different thicknesses of the middle STO insulator were investigated and the measurement exhibits a remarkable insulator thickness dependence in their I–V characteristics. We attribute the rectification of the trilayer junctions to the interfaces between different materials by energy band analysis.
Free-standing electrospun carbon nanofibres—a high performance anode material for lithium-ion batteries
Authors: Suresh Kumar P , Sahay R , Aravindan V , Sundaramurthy J , Ling Wong Chui , Thavasi V , Mhaisalkar S G , Madhavi S , Ramakrishna Seeram 
Published: June 2012

Abstract
Free-standing carbon nanofibres (CNFs) are prepared by the carbonization of poly-acrylonitrile using a simple electro-spinning technique. The electro-spun fibres are studied as an anode material for lithium-ion batteries in half-cell configurations. The fibres showed an initial discharge capacity of 826 mAh g−1 at a current density of 200 mA g−1 and exhibited an appreciable capacity profile during cycling. The Li-storage mechanism has been explained based on the cyclic voltametric and galvanostatic cycling results.
On the asymptotics of determinant of Laplacian at the principal boundary of the principal stratum of the moduli space of Abelian differentials
Authors: Kokotov A. 
Published: June 2012

Let

X

\mathcal {X}

be a translation surface of genus

g
>
1

g>1

with

2
g
−
2

2g-2

conical points of angle

4
π

4\pi

and let

γ
\gamma

,

γ
′

\gamma ’

be two homologous saddle connections of length

s
s

joining two conical points of

X

\mathcal {X}

and bounding two surfaces

S
+

S^+

and

S
−

S^-

with boundaries

∂

S
+

=
γ
−

γ
′

\partial S^+=\gamma -\gamma ’

and

∂

S
−

=

γ
′

−
γ

\partial S^-=\gamma ’-\gamma

. Gluing the opposite sides of the boundary of each surface

S
+

S^+

,

S
−

S^-

one gets two (closed) translation surfaces

X

+

\mathcal {X}^+

,

X

−

\mathcal {X}^-

of genera

g
+

g^+

,

g
−

g^-

;

g
+

+

g
−

=
g

g^++g^-=g

. Let

Δ
\Delta

,

Δ
+

\Delta ^+

and

Δ
−

\Delta ^-

be the Friedrichs extensions of the Laplacians corresponding to the (flat conical) metrics on

X

\mathcal {X}

,

X

+

\mathcal {X}^+

and

X

−

\mathcal {X}^-

respectively. We study the asymptotical behavior of the (modified, i.e. with zero modes excluded) zeta-regularized determinant

det

∗

Δ

\textrm {det}^*\, \Delta

as

γ
\gamma

and

γ
′

\gamma ’

shrink. We find the asymptotics
\[

det

∗

Δ
∼
κ

s

1

/

2

Area

(

X

)

Area

(

X

+

)

Area

(

X

−

)

det

∗

Δ
+

det

∗

Δ
−

\textrm {det}^*\,\Delta \sim \kappa s^{1/2}\frac {\textrm {Area}\,(\mathcal {X})}{\textrm {Area}\,(\mathcal {X}^+)\textrm {Area}\,(\mathcal {X}^-)}\,\textrm {det}^*\,\Delta ^+\textrm {det}^*\,\Delta ^-

\]
as

s
→
0

s\to 0

; here

κ
\kappa

is a certain absolute constant admitting an explicit expression through spectral characteristics of some model operators. We use the obtained result to fix an undetermined constant in the explicit formula for

det

∗

Δ

\textrm {det}^*\, \Delta

found in an earlier work by the author and D. Korotkin.
Modelling the migration of post-smolt Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) in the Northeast Atlantic
Authors: Mork Kjell Arne , Gilbey John , Hansen Lars Petter , Jensen Arne J. , Jacobsen Jan Arge , Holm Marianne , Holst Jens Christian , Ó Maoiléidigh Niall , Vikebø Frode , McGinnity Philip , Melle Webjørn , Thomas Katie , Verspoor Eric , Wennevik Vidar 
Published: June 2012

Abstract
Mork, K. A., Gilbey, J., Hansen, L. P., Jensen, A. J., Jacobsen, J. A., Holm, M., Holst, J. C., Ó Maoiléidigh, N., Vikebø, F., McGinnity, P., Melle, W., Thomas, K., Verspoor, E., and Wennevik, V. 2012. Modelling the migration of post-smolt Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) in the Northeast Atlantic. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 69: 1616–1624. The migration of post-smolt Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) during their first 4 months at sea in the Northeast Atlantic was simulated using an individual-based model that combined a particle-tracking scheme with growth and behaviour routines. The migration was decomposed into both passive pelagic drift with the surface currents, provided by an ocean model, and active horizontal swimming behaviour. The active swimming direction was aligned with the surface current. Swimming speed was a function of body length and calculated from recaptured tagged salmon. Releases of particles in the model were made to the west of Ireland and to the southwest of Norway. The modelled post-smolt distributions were compared with the observed distributions, and a sensitivity analysis using different swimming speeds was performed. The strength and direction of the flow can transport the post-smolts towards areas with favourable feeding conditions. However, in some areas, the direction of migration was sensitive to interannual changes in the windforcing, leading the post-smolts to areas with a different environment and prey. Inclusion in the swimming behaviour of a preference for water with higher temperature and salinity displaced the northward migration more offshore, away from coastal areas.
Structural Variants in the Soybean Genome Localize to Clusters of Biotic Stress-Response Genes
Authors: McHale Leah K. , Haun William J. , Xu Wayne W. , Bhaskar Pudota B. , Anderson Justin E. , Hyten David L. , Gerhardt Daniel J. , Jeddeloh Jeffrey A. , Stupar Robert M. 
Published: June 2012

AbstractGenome-wide structural and gene content variations are hypothesized to drive important phenotypic variation within a species. Structural and gene content variations were assessed among four soybean (Glycine max) genotypes using array hybridization and targeted resequencing. Many chromosomes exhibited relatively low rates of structural variation (SV) among genotypes. However, several regions exhibited both copy number and presence-absence variation, the most prominent found on chromosomes 3, 6, 7, 16, and 18. Interestingly, the regions most enriched for SV were specifically localized to gene-rich regions that harbor clustered multigene families. The most abundant classes of gene families associated with these regions were the nucleotide-binding and receptor-like protein classes, both of which are important for plant biotic defense. The colocalization of SV with plant defense response signal transduction pathways provides insight into the mechanisms of soybean resistance gene evolution and may inform the development of new approaches to resistance gene cloning.
Pentaguanidinium monohydrogendiphosphopentamolybdate(VI) 2.5-hydrate, (CH6N3)5[HP2Mo5O23]·2.5H2O: hydrogen bonding and π-stacking in guanidinium cations
Authors: Di Tondo Pietro , Pritchard Robin Gavin 
Published: June 2012

The asymmetric unit of the title compound consists of two crystallographically independent, but structurally identical, [HP2Mo5O23]5−anions, ten guanidinium cations and five water molecules. Each singly protonated diphosphopentamolybdate(VI) anion retains the typical geometry of a ring of five edge-sharing MoO6octahedra [Mo...Mo = 3.3265 (8)–3.4029 (10) Å], except for one corner-sharing link [Mo...Mo = 3.6642 (7) and 3.6826 (8) Å]. Two capping PO4tetrahedra share corners with the five octahedra. Despite being surrounded by an extensive network of hydrogen bonds, predominantly from the guanidinium cations, short P—O—H...O=P contacts [O...O = 2.519 (7) and 2.457 (7) Å] associate the anions into infinite columns generated by thec-glide. In addition to their heavy involvement in hydrogen bonding, with all N—H donors being utilized, the guanidinium cations assemble into extensive π-stacked columns with an average interplanar spacing of 3.53 Å.
Assessing footprints of selection in commercial Atlantic salmon populations using microsatellite data
Authors: Martinez V. , Dettleff P. , Lopez P. , Fernandez G. , Jedlicki A. , Yañez J. M. , Davidson W. S. 
Published: June 2012

SummaryRelatively large rates of response to traits of economic importance have been observed in different selection experiments in salmon. Several QTL have been mapped in the salmon genome, explaining unprecedented levels of phenotypic variation. Owing to the relatively large selection intensity, individual loci may be indirectly selected, leaving molecular footprints of selection, together with increased inbreeding, as its likely relatives will share the selected loci. We used population differentiation and levels of linkage disequilibrium in chromosomes known to be harbouring QTL for body weight, infectious pancreatic necrosis resistance and infectious salmon anaemia resistance to assess the recent selection history at the genomic level in Atlantic salmon. The results clearly suggest that the marker
SSA0343BSFU
on chromosome 3 (body weight QTL) showed strong evidence of directional selection. It is intriguing that this marker is physically mapped to a region near the coding sequence of
DVL2

, making it an ideal candidate gene to explain the rapid evolutionary response of this chromosome to selection for growth in
Salmo salar. Weak evidence of diversifying selection was observed in the QTL associated with infectious pancreatic necrosis and infectious salmon anaemia resistance. Overall, this study showed that artificial selection has produced important changes in the Atlantic salmon genome, validating QTL in commercial salmon populations used for production purposes according to the recent selection history.
X chromosome gene methylation in peripheral lymphocytes from monozygotic twins discordant for scleroderma
Authors: Selmi C , Feghali-Bostwick C A , Lleo A , Lombardi S A , De Santis M , Cavaciocchi F , Zammataro L , Mitchell M M , LaSalle J M , Medsger T , Gershwin M E 
Published: June 2012

Summary
Scleroderma (SSc) is a rare connective tissue disease characterized by fibrosis, microvasculopathy and autoimmune features. The role of genetics is limited in SSc, as suggested by similar concordance rates in monozygotic and dizygotic twin pairs, while environmental factors may act through epigenetic changes, as demonstrated for specific genes. Further, sex chromosome changes have been reported in SSc and may explain the female preponderance. In the present study we compared the methylation profile of all X chromosome genes in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from monozygotic twins discordant (n = 7) and concordant (n = 1) for SSc. Methylated DNA immunoprecipitations from each discordant twin pair were hybridized to a custom-designed array included 998 sites encompassing promoters of all X chromosome genes and randomly chosen autosomal genes. Biostatistical tools identified sites with an elevated probability to be consistently hypermethylated (n = 18) or hypomethylated (n = 25) in affected twins. Identified genes include transcription factors (ARX, HSFX1, ZBED1, ZNF41) and surface antigens (IL1RAPL2, PGRMC1), and pathway analysis suggests their involvement in cell proliferation (PGK1, SMS, UTP14A, SSR4), apoptosis (MTM1), inflammation (ARAF) and oxidative stress (ENOX2). In conclusion, we propose that X chromosome genes with different methylation profiles in monozygotic twin pairs may constitute candidates for SSc susceptibility.
Heat shock protein bystander antigens for peptide immunotherapy in autoimmune disease
Authors: Zonneveld-Huijssoon E , Albani S , Prakken B J , van Wijk F 
Published: June 2012

Summary
Mucosal administration of an antigen eliciting bystander suppression at the site of inflammation results in effective antigen-specific immunotherapy for autoimmune diseases. Heat shock proteins are bystander antigens that are effective in peptide-specific immunotherapy in both experimental and human autoimmune disease. The efficacy of preventive peptide immunotherapy is increased by enhancing peptide-specific immune responses with proinflammatory agents. Combining peptide-specific immunotherapy with general suppression of inflammation may improve its therapeutic effect.
Using DNA taxonomy to investigate the ecological determinants of plankton diversity: explaining the occurrence of Synchaeta spp. (Rotifera, Monogononta) in mountain lakes
Authors: OBERTEGGER ULRIKE , FONTANETO DIEGO , FLAIM GIOVANNA 
Published: June 2012

Summary1. The occurrence of unresolved complexes of cryptic species may hinder the identification of the main ecological drivers of biodiversity when different cryptic taxa have different ecological requirements.2. We assessed factors influencing the occurrence of Synchaeta species (monogonont rotifers) in 17 waterbodies of the Trentino‐South Tyrol region in the Eastern Alps. To do so, we compared the results of using unresolved complexes of cryptic species, as is common practice in limnological studies based on morphological taxonomy, and having resolved cryptic complexes, made possible by DNA taxonomy.3. To identify cryptic species, we used the generalised mixed Yule coalescent (GMYC) model. We investigated the relationship between the environment and the occurrence of Synchaeta spp. by multivariate ordination using two definitions of the units of diversity, namely (i) unresolved species complexes (morphospecies) and (ii) putative cryptic species (GMYC entities). Our expectation was that resolving complexes of cryptic species could provide more information than using morphospecies.4. As expected, DNA taxonomy provided greater taxonomic resolution than morphological taxonomy. Further, environmental‐based multivariate ordination on cryptic species explained a significantly higher proportion of variance than that based on morphospecies. Occurrence of GMYC entities was related to total phosphorus (TP), whereas no relationship could be found between morphospecies and the environment. Moreover, different cryptic species within the same morphospecies showed different, and even opposite, preferences for TP. In addition, the wide geographical distribution of haplotypes and cryptic species indicated the absence of barriers to dispersal in Synchaeta.
Intensified organic carbon dynamics in the ground water of a restored riparian zone
Authors: PETER SIMONE , KOETZSCH STEFAN , TRABER JACQUELINE , BERNASCONI STEFANO M. , WEHRLI BERNHARD , DURISCH‐KAISER EDITH 
Published: June 2012

Summary1. River restoration projects usually aim at improving the physical habitat for aquatic organisms. The extent to which biogeochemical processes and microbial activities are intensified in restored river reaches remains uncertain.2. Here, we investigated the relationships between the distribution and composition of organic carbon (OC), bacterial secondary carbon production and extracellular enzymatic activity (EEA) in the ground water below a restored riparian section of the River Thur, Switzerland, relative to a channelised section. The spatiotemporal variability in the stable C isotopic ratio, dissolved OC polydispersity (the distribution of molecular mass in a mixture of molecules) as well as bacterial abundance, EEA and secondary production were investigated in different process zones.3. At high river discharge, humic as well as low molecular weight amphiphilic substances infiltrated into the subsurface in a zone dominated by the pioneer plants Salix viminalis (willow bush). Concurrently, bacterial abundance, EEA and secondary carbon production increased at this location.4. The willow plants leached bioavailable substrates into the ground water when the water table was high. The flood‐driven soil–groundwater coupling stimulated EEA and bacterial secondary production of the suspended groundwater bacterial community.5. Establishing riparian habitat diversity adds hot spots of OC inputs during flood events, potentially providing valuable ecosystem services (e.g. degradation of organic pollutants) that accompany.