bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Greater inhibition of female rat binge alcohol intake by adrenergic receptor blockers using a novel Two-Shot rat binge drinking model
Authors: Sergio Thatiane De Oliveira , Smith Rebecca Jane , Wean Sarah E. , Engleman Eric A. , Hopf Frederic W. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Binge drinking (BD) contributes strongly to the harms of alcohol use disorder. Most rodent models do not result in binge-level blood alcohol concentrations (BACs), and to better understand individual and sex differences in neurobiological mechanisms related to BD, the use of outbred rat strains would be valuable. Here, we developed a novel BD model where after 3+ months of intermittent access to 20% alcohol Wistar rats drank, twice a week, with two 5-minute intake (what we called Two-shot) separated by a 10-minute break. Our findings showed during Two-Shot that most animals reached ≥ 80mg% BAC levels (when briefly food-restricted). However, when increasing alcohol concentrations from 20% to 30%, 40%, or 50%, rats titrated to similar intake levels, suggesting rapid sensing of alcohol effects even when front-loading. Two-Shot drinking was reduced in both sexes by naltrexone (1mg/kg), validating intake suppression by a clinical therapeutic agent. Further, both propranolol (β adrenergic receptor antagonist) and prazosin (α1 adrenergic receptor antagonist) reduced female but not male BD at the lower dose. Thus, our results provide a novel model for BD in outbred rats and suggest that female binging is more sensitive to adrenergic modulation than males, perhaps providing a novel sex-related therapy.
Real-life experience with a “modified-MEMMAT” regimen for relapsed medulloblastoma
Authors: Cacchione Antonella , Baldo Giada Del , D’Antonio Federica , Ruscio Valentina Di , Megaro Giacomina , Pilotto Chiara , Tornesello Assunta , Cocciolo Alessandro , Vennarini Sabina , Chiesa Silvia , Carai Andrea , De Salvo Andrea , Albino Giulia , Colafati Giovanna Stefania , Slavc Irene , Mastronuzzi Angela 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Medulloblastoma (MB) relapse is typically resistant to available treatments. An emerging alternative strategy focuses on disrupting tumor angiogenesis at various stages, using a combined metronomic antiangiogenic approach. This retrospective observational study involved 14 pediatric patients with first or multiple MB recurrence, treated with a modified Medulloblastoma European Multitarget Metronomic Anti-Angiogenic Trial (MEMMAT) strategy. Median patients age was 11.6 years (range 6.4–26 years). All 14 patients presented with a metastatic relapse after conventional treatments. The median time from primary diagnosis/prior relapse to the start of "modified MEMMAT" was 22 months (range 2–60 months). Fifty-seven percent received the "modified MEMMAT" schema as second-line treatment, while 43% received it as third-line or beyond after recurrence. At a median follow-up of 17.9 months, the median overall survival (OS) from the MEMMAT start date was 18.2 months and the median progression-free survival (PFS) was 12.8 months. OS at 12 and 24 months were 78.6% (IC 95% 47.2%-92.5%) and 14.3% (IC 95% 2.3%-36.6%), respectively. PFS at 12 and 24 months were 55.0% (95% IC: 25.8%-76.8%) and 15.7% (95% IC 2.5%-39.4%), respectively. Treatment was globally well tolerated. In conclusion, the “modified-MEMMAT” strategy is feasible and a well-tolerated outpatient regimen, leading to a prolonged OS compared to other salvage approaches.
Classification of African ground pangolin behaviour based on accelerometer readouts: validation of bio- logging methods
Authors: Harvey-Carroll Jessica , Carroll Daire , Trivella Cara-Marie , Connelly Ellen 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background
Quantifying animal behaviour is important to many areas of ecology and conservation. Understanding how free ranging animals behave can help in the design of optimal management strategies to both conserve species and enable individuals to express natural behaviours, maximising welfare. This is particularly important for endangered species for which a high level of human intervention is needed to counteract population declines and extinctions. Animal-borne bio-logging devices, such as accelerometers, present the opportunity to passively collect data on the behaviour of free ranging animals. Accelerometers are increasingly used in behavioural research. Validation of accelerometer readouts to enable classification of discrete behaviours, however, has only been carried out for a small number of species. This presents a barrier to the meaningful interpretation of data. Pangolins are a heavily trafficked clade of mammals, all of which are considered vulnerable to extinction. They are also under-researched, with little known about their behaviour in the wild. In this study, we present the first validation of behavioural classification based on accelerometer readouts for a pangolin species; the ground pangolin (Smutsia temminckii).
Results
We present a standardised attachment protocol to minimize the impact of devices on pangolin welfare. We match the readouts from accelerometers to behaviours defined through video observations. Using a Random Forest (RF) classification, we defined five discreet behaviours (walking, digging, feeding, investigating ground, and stationary, accuracy of 85%) and three activity levels (low, medium, and high, accuracy of 94%) from accelerometer readouts. We determine optimal sampling frequency and smoothing window (50 hz and 5 seconds for full behaviour, 10 Hz and 7 seconds for activity level). We then deploy accelerometers and classify the behaviour of three free ranging pangolins for between two and four days.
Conclusion
The methods we present will enable the quantification of ground pangolin behaviour in the wild to improve our understanding of the species’ ecology and help inform conservation efforts. This will also help to improve our fundamental understanding of animal behaviour and ecology.
Panvariome and pangenome of 1,020 global peach accessions shed light on evolution pattern, hidden natural variation and efficient gene discovery
Authors: Li Yong , Arús Pere , Wu Jinlong , Zhu Gengrui , Fang Weichao , Chen Changwen , Wang Xinwei , Cao Ke , Wang Lirong 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Natural variations are the basis of crop improvement. However, genomic variability remains largely understudied. We present the full-spectrum panvariome and pangenome of 1,020 peach accessions, including 10.5 million SNPs, indels, SVs, CNVs, TIPs, PAVs, uncovering 70.6% novel variants and 3,289 novel genes. Analysis of the panvariome reconstructs the globally evolutionary history of peach and identifies several trait-causally rare variants. Landraces and improved accessions encode more genes than wild accessions, suggesting gene gains during evolution. Global introgression patterns reveal its new utilizations in phenotype prediction and gene mining and suggest that the most likely wild progenitor of domesticated peach is Prunus mira and almond was involved in the origin of Prunus davidiana. We develop a novel panvariome-based solution for association study, GWASPV, that achieves rapid and precise identification of trait-conferring genes using only one-step GWAS. Our study provides a novel solution for gene mining, with important implications in accelerating plant breeding.
Preconception maternal gut dysbiosis affects enteric nervous system development and disease susceptibility in offspring
Authors: Duan Liping , Zhang Cunzheng , Chen Yuzhu , Duan Ruqiao , Zhang Yiming , Zheng Haonan , Zhang Jingdong , Zhang Tao , Xu Jingxian , Li Kailong , Pei Fei 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Maternal health, specifically changes in the gut microbiota, profoundly affects the health of offspring. However, our understanding of how gut microbiota alterations during preconception period influence their offspring remains limited. In this study, we are dedicated to investigate the impact of preconception maternal gut microbiota disturbance on offspring enteric nervous system (ENS) development in mice and explore the underlying mechanisms. Through in vivo and in vitro experiments, we made a novel discovery that preconception maternal exposure to antibiotics before pregnant leads abnormal development of the offspring’s ENS, increasing their susceptibility to water avoidance stress. Supported by metagenomic, targeted metabolome, and transcriptome analysis, we identified that preconception antibiotic exposure disrupts the expression of genes crucial for embryonic ENS development by altering the composition of the maternal gut microbiota. Furthermore, our multi-omics analysis combined with Limosilactobacillus reuteri (L. reuteri) gestational supplementation illustrated that maternal gut microbiota and metabolites influence embryonic ENS development via the propionate-GPR41-GDNF/RET/SOX10 signaling pathway. Our findings highlight the critical importance of maintaining a healthy maternal gut microbiota during the preconception period for proper ENS development in offspring.
Exploring Transitions in Care Among Patients with Head and Neck Cancer: A Multimethod Study
Authors: Kersen Jaling , Roach Pamela , Chandarana Shamir , Ronksley Paul , Sauro Khara 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background: Patients with head and neck cancers (HNC) experience many transitions in care (TiC), occurring when patients are transferred between healthcare providers and/or settings.  TiC can compromise patient safety, decrease patient satisfaction, and increase healthcare costs. The evidence around TiC among patients with HNC is sparse. The objective of this study was to improve our understanding of TiC among patients with HNC to identify ways to improve care.
Methods: This multimethod study consisted of two phases: Phase I (retrospective population-based cohort study) characterized the number and type of TiC that patients with HNC experienced using deterministically linked, population-based administrative health data in Alberta, Canada (January 1, 2012, to December 1, 2019), and Phase II (qualitative descriptive study) used semi-structured interviews to explore the lived experiences of patients with HNC and their healthcare providers during TiC.
Results: There were 3,752 patients with HNC; most were male (70.8%) with a mean age at diagnosis of 63.3 years (SD 13.1). Patients underwent an average of 1.2 (SD 1.0) treatments, commonly transitioning from surgery to radiotherapy (21.2 %). Many patients with HNC were admitted to the hospital during the study period, averaging 3.3 (SD 3.0) hospital admissions and 7.8 (SD 12.6) emergency department visits per patient over a median follow up of 7 years (IQR 4,8). Visits to healthcare providers were also frequent, with the highest number of physician visits being to general practitioners (average=70.51 per patient). Analysis of sixteen semi-structured interviews (ten patients with HNC and six healthcare providers) revealed three themes: 1) Navigating the healthcare system including challenges with the complexity of HNC care amongst healthcare system pressures, 2) Relational head and neck cancer care which encompasses patient expectations and relationships, and 3) System and individual impact of transitions in care.
Conclusions: This study identified challenges faced by both patients with HNC and their healthcare providers amidst the frequent TiC within cancer care, which was perceived to have an impact on quality of care. These findings provide crucial insights that can inform and guide future research or the development of health interventions aiming to improve the quality of TiC within this patient population.
Correlation between number of remaining teeth, oral health behavior, and oral frailty among 80-year-old population in Japan
Authors: Tamaki Naofumi , Hiroshimaya Takatoshi , Fukuhara Kazuto , Ijchi Hiroshi 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Oral frailty is proposed as a new concept defined as an age-related gradual loss of oral functions accompanied by a decline in cognitive and physical functions in older adults. Herein, we aimed to examine the correlations between the high risk of oral frailty, the remaining number of teeth, and oral health behavior in community-dwelling 80-year-old adults in Japan. Oral frailty was evaluated using the Oral Frailty Index-8, and ≥ 4 points were defined as high risk. Overall, 3,389 participants (2,009 women and 1,380 men) were included. Among the participants, 1,283 (37.9%) had a high risk of oral frailty. Logistic regression analysis revealed that a high risk of oral frailty was significantly associated with < 20 remaining teeth and poor oral behaviors. Additionally, 2,006 (59.2%) participants had ≥ 20 remaining teeth. The participants with ≥ 20 remaining teeth were significantly associated with the residential district, interdental cleaning, and dementia. The main clinical implication of this study is that improving behaviors regarding oral healthcare among community-dwelling individuals may be an effective way to reduce oral frailty. Moreover, ≥ 20 remaining teeth in the 80-year-old population were notably higher in the rural areas than that in the urban areas in Japan.
Cu-Co bimetallic organic framework as effective adsorbents for enhanced adsorptive removal of tetracycline antibiotics
Authors: Yue Jiayuan , Ding Shushu , Yin Yujian , Zhang Xiaodan , Wang Liyun , Gu Yipeng , Li Jiejia , Zhang Yuhan , Shi Yurou , Dong Yuetan , Zhu Qing , Duo Huixiao 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

In this study, the removal effect of a new MOF-on MOF adsorbent based on Cu-Co bimetallic organic frameworks on tetracycline antibiotics (TCs) in water system was studied. The adsorbent (Cu-MOF@Co-MOF) were synthesized by solvothermal and self-assembly method at different concentrations of Co2+/ Cu2+. The characterization results of SEM, XRD, XPS, FTIR and BET indicated that Cu-MOF@Co-MOF had the best physicochemical properties with the molar ratio of Co2+: Cu2+ at 5:1. In addition, the Cu-MOF@Co-MOF have a high specific surface area and bimetallic clusters, which can achieve multi-target synergistic adsorption of TCs. Based on above advantages, Cu-MOF@Co-MOF provided a strong affinity and can efficiently adsorb more than 80% of pollutants in just 5 to 15 minutes using only 10 mg of the adsorbent. The adsorption capacity of tetracycline and doxycycline was 434.78 and 476.19 mg/g, respectively, showing satisfactory adsorption performance. The fitting results of the experimental data are more consistent with the Langmuir isotherm model and pseudo-second-order kinetic model. Thermodynamic experiments showed that Cu-MOF@Co-MOF was thermodynamically advantageous for the removal of TCs, and the whole process was spontaneous. The excellent adsorption capacity and rapid adsorption kinetics indicate the prepared MOF-on MOF adsorbent can adsorb TCs economically and quickly, and have satisfactory application prospects for removing TCs in practical environments. The results of the study pave a new way for preparing novel MOFs-based water treatment materials with great potential for efficient removal.
Lubrication Performance under Electrical Regulation: Investigating the Mechanism of Graphene/Ionic Liquid Composite Materials
Authors: Jing Qingson , Zhou ming , Wang jianxin , Mao niyao 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

To delve into the mechanisms of lubricating additives in electrically charged environments, this study utilizes a non-covalent modification method combining N-butylpyridinium tetrafluoroborate ([BPy]BF4) with multilayer graphene (MG) to create graphene/ionic liquid (G/IL) composites. These composites were tested as lubricating additives in polyalphaolefin 40 (PAO40) using the UMT-2 experimental platform to assess their performance and electrical regulation mechanisms. Results demonstrated that G/IL composites significantly enhance lubrication and electrical stability. The study discovered that varying the current's intensity and polarity substantially influences ion concentration and Zeta potential at the interface, reducing the electroviscous effect and facilitating the formation of an interfacial adsorption film. The interplay of these mechanisms greatly optimizes the interface condition. Additionally, real-time contact resistance data indicated a correlation between friction coefficient and contact resistance, validating the synergistic effect's impact. This research not only clarifies the complex action mechanisms of lubricating additives in charged conditions but also offers critical insights for designing highly efficient lubricating materials.
Evaluation of EUCAST Rapid Antimicrobial Susceptibility Test directly from positive blood culture for Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Authors: Lebreton Cédric , Fournier Damien , Jeannot Katy 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

In this study, we evaluated the performance of the EUCAST RAST method on a collection of 154 clinical strains of P. aeruginosa, including strains resistant to ceftazidime and carbapenems. While the test is convenient for routine laboratories, we observed significant rates of VME (ranging from 0.0–15.0%) and ME (ranging from 1.3–16.3%) after 6h, particularly for key antibiotics such as ceftazidime, piperacillin/tazobactam, and meropenem. Extending the incubation time to 8h may improve results (CA ranging from 87.2–99%), but caution is required in interpretation due to persistence of VME (ranging from 0.0–15.6%) and ME (ranging from 0.0–11.7%).
The Application of Mind Mapping in the Standardized Education of Inpatient Physicians in Nephrology
Authors: Hu Yao , Xiang Yuanbing , Lei Min , Wu Yuxi , Sun Min 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Objective: This study aims to investigate the effectiveness of mind mapping in the standardized training and education of internal medicine resident physicians in nephrology.
Methods: Forty trainees undergoing rotations in the Nephrology Department at Chengdu University Affiliated Hospital between January 2021 and December 2023 were randomly assigned to control and observation groups, each comprising 20 trainees. The observation group received mind mapping teaching, while the control group received traditional teaching methods. The clinical thinking training of the two groups was then compared.
Results: The observation group outperformed the control group in all aspects of the Mini-CEX assessment, including medical interviews, humanistic care, clinical judgment, communication skills, overall performance, and total score, with statistical significance (P<0.05). However, there were no statistically significant differences between the two groups in the areas of physical examination and organizational effectiveness (P>0.05). Furthermore,the observation group achieved higher scores than the control group in the final theory exam, skill exam results, and satisfaction, with statistically significant differences (P<0.05).
Conclusion: Mind mapping not only aids in the consolidation of fundamental memorized knowledge but also enhances clinical thinking skills, thereby playing a pivotal role in assisting resident physicians in establishing a comprehensive knowledge base in nephrology and improving the effectiveness of their training.
Misinformation is more than "fake news": Using co-sharing to identify use of mainstream news for promoting misinformation narratives
Authors: Goel Pranav , Green Jon , Lazer David , Resnik Philip 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Most research concerning the volume and spread of misinformation on the internet measures the construct at the source level, identifying a set of specific "fake" news domains that account for a relatively small share of overall news consumption. This source-level categorization obscures the potential for factually true information from mainstream sources to be useful in the service of false or misleading narratives — a potentially far more prevalent form of misinformation. Using a combination of text- and network-analytic techniques, we find that articles from reliable sources that are co-shared with (i.e. shared by users who also shared) "fake" news on social media are significantly more likely to contain false or misleading narratives than articles from the
same sources that are not co-shared. This is consistent with users strategically re-purposing information from mainstream sources to enhance the credibility and reach of misleading claims. Our frameworks broaden both the empirical and theoretical scope of misinformation research.
HDAC inhibitors induce HLA class I molecules through the SOX10-IRF1 axis in clear cell sarcoma cells
Authors: Nguyen Minh T. , Kikuchi Ryota , Nishibu Soshi , Zhou Yue , Moritake Hiroshi , Nakamura Takuro , Outani Hidetatsu , Hayashi Ryuji , Sakurai Hiroaki , Yokoyama Satoru 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Although immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are an effective treatment for clear cell sarcoma (CCS), a rare melanocytic sarcoma with a poor prognosis, their efficacies are still limited. Therefore, a novel therapeutic strategy is required to improve the efficacy of ICIs. We previously reported that HDAC inhibitors increased melanoma immunogenicity through the SOX10-IRF1 pathway and may improve the efficacy of ICIs for melanoma. We herein demonstrated that the inhibition of HDAC induced the expression of HLA class I molecules through IRF1 in CCS cells, similar to melanoma. The suppression of SOX10 by siRNA induced the expression of HLA class I molecules. In addition, the isoform-specific inhibition of HDAC1/3 induced the expression of another IRF1 downstream molecule, PD-L1 in CCS cells in concert with the suppression of SOX10. Furthermore, the knockdown of IRF1 impaired the induction of PD-L1 expression in CCS cells. Therefore, the inhibition of HDAC1/3 has potential as a novel strategy to increase immunogenicity and as combination therapy with ICIs for CCS and melanoma.
Performance-based seismic design optimization of reinforced concrete structures with multiple ground motions via surrogate model
Authors: Feng Yue 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

To address the challenge of designing structures that can withstand seismic loads and simplify the design process, a novel optimization formulation considering performance targets is defined in this paper. Multiple ground motions are considered to optimize structures under earthquake excitations. Single and seven ground motions are employed to perform nonlinear time history analysis, and the resulting responses are utilized as the objective function for the optimization problem. Subsequently, a Kriging model is adopted to approximate the objective function. During the model construction process, an enhanced Latin hypercube sampling strategy with mutation and evolutionary operation is employed, conditional likelihood approach is used to update the kriging model, and genetic algorithm (GA) is employed to search for the optimal solution. Finally, the methodology for seismic design optimization of structures via kriging model is applied to three 2-dimensional (2D) examples to demonstrate its effectiveness. The results show the Kriging model-assisted methodology can significantly reduce the computational burden associated with function evaluations, while simultaneously identifying optimum designs that improve the dynamic responses of structures. This highlights the effectiveness of the proposed methodology in mitigating the effects of earthquakes and preventing excessive story-to-story movement, which is crucial for preventing structural damage and collapse. Furthermore, the results emphasize the importance of considering multiple ground motions when optimizing structures under earthquakes.