bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Imaging the Microstructure of Lithium and Sodium Metal in “Anode-Free” Solid-State Batteries using EBSD
Authors: Janek Juergen , Fuchs Till , Ortmann Till , Becker Juri , Haslam Catherine , Ziegler Maya , Singh Vipin , Rohnke Marcus , Mogwitz Boris , Peppler Klaus , Nazar Linda , Sakamoto Jeff 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

“Anode-free” or more fittingly, metal reservoir-free cells (RFCs) have the potential of drastically improving current solid-state battery technology by achieving higher energy density, improving safety and simplifying the manufacturing process. Various strategies have been reported so far to control the morphology of electrodeposited alkali metal films to be homogeneous and dense, for example, by utilizing planar interfaces with seed interlayers or three-dimensional host structures. To date, the microstructure of such electrodeposited alkali metal, i.e., its grain size distribution, shape and orientation is unknown, and a suitable characterization route is yet to be identified. At the same time, the influence of the alkali metal microstructure on the electrochemical performance of the anode, including the available discharge capacity, is expected to be substantial. Hence, analysis of the microstructure and its influence on the performance of electrochemically deposited alkali metal layers is a key requirement to improving cell performance. This work establishes first a highly reproducible protocol for characterizing the size and orientation of metal grains in differently processed lithium and sodium samples by a combination of focused-ion beam (FIB) techniques and electron-backscatter diffraction (EBSD) with high spatial resolution. After ruling out grain growth in lithium or sodium during room temperature storage or induced by FIB, electrodeposited films at Cu|LLZO, Steel|LPSCl and Al|NZSP interfaces were then characterized. The analyses show very large grain sizes (> 100 µm) within these films and a clear preferential orientation of grain boundaries. Furthermore, metal growth and dissolution were investigated using in situ SEM analyses, showing a dynamic grain coarsening during electrodeposition and pore formation within grains during dissolution. Our methodology and results open up a new research field for the improvement of solid-state battery performance through first characterization of the deposited alkali metal microstructure and subsequently suggesting methods to control it.
Construction of basement membrane-associated lncRNA prognostic model and personalized therapeutic strategy in gastric cancer
Authors: Chen Jiyu , Tang Zhuojun , Gu Gaocheng , Xu Junqing , Zhuang Qingyuan , Qu Lili 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background
Gastric cancer (GC) is a significant global health issue with high incidence and poor prognosis. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play crucial roles in cancer biology. This study aims to identify basement membrane (BM)-related differentially expressed lncRNAs and evaluate their prognostic significance.
Methods
RNA-sequencing data and clinical information from GC patients were obtained from the TCGA database. Differentially expressed BM-related lncRNAs were identified using DESeq2. A prognostic model was constructed using univariate Cox analysis, LASSO regression, and multivariate Cox regression. The model's predictive value was validated with Kaplan-Meier survival curves and ROC curves. Functional enrichment, genomic mutation, and immune environment analyses were conducted.
Results
A total of 349 BM-related differentially expressed lncRNAs were identified. The prognostic model, including AL138889.1, AP000695.2, and AP000695.1, demonstrated that high-risk patients had worse prognosis. Risk scores were significantly associated with tumor stage and clinical features. High-risk groups showed higher gene mutation frequencies and an immunosuppressive microenvironment.
Conclusion
The BM-associated lncRNA prognostic model effectively stratifies GC patients into high-risk and low-risk groups, providing significant prognostic value. Identified lncRNAs and pathways offer potential therapeutic targets, warranting further research for clinical application.
Predictors and correlates of outcome for dorsolateral, dorsomedial, and orbitofrontal rTMS in major depression
Authors: Fettes Peter W , Mazza Frank , Mansouri Farrokh , Schulze Laura , Vila-Rodriguez Fidel , Giacobbe Peter , Lam Raymond W , Kennedy Sidney H , Daskalakis Zafiris J , Blumberger Daniel M , Downar Jonathan 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Objective: It is increasingly being recognized that depression is clinically heterogeneous in terms of clinical presentation and neuroimaging. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is a neuroanatomically focal treatment for depression that may be used to probe this heterogeneity. Here, we examine the predictors and correlates of response to rTMS targeting the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), dorsomedial prefrontal cortex (DMPFC), or orbitofrontal cortex (OFC). It is expected that each rTMS target will be associated with distinctive mechanisms of outcome, centered in different resting-state networks implicated in depression.
Method: Resting-state fMRI data was collected in 120 patients with depression before and after receiving rTMS targeting the DLPFC (n=50), DMPFC (n=40) or OFC (n=30). An age- and sex-matched comparator group of 50 healthy controls was included to examine relative connectivity changes following rTMS. Baseline sgACC connectivity to the DLPFC and stimulation site was examined as a predictor of treatment outcome. fMRI predictors and correlates of outcome were also examined with seed-based analyses (using DMPFC and nucleus accumbens as a priori regions of interest).
Results: sgACC-DLPFC connectivity was unable predict treatment outcome for any of the rTMS targets, while sgACC to stimulation site connectivity only predicted outcome for DMPFC-rTMS. DLPFC-, DMPFC-, and OFC-rTMS were shown to have differential predictors and correlates using seed-based analyses, suggesting that each has different mechanisms of action.
Conclusions: The mechanisms of action for DLPFC-, DMPFC-, and OFC-rTMS are distinctive, and do not universally involve connectivity to the sgACC, but instead involve different resting-state networks, highlighting the heterogeneity of depression.
Robotic Pauli repair of parastomal hernia
Authors: lambrecht jan roland 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background Robotic retro-muscular mesh repair of parastomal hernia (PH) is possible with transversus abdominis release. The accounts aim is to report mid-term results with this method.Methods Patients operated for PH were enrolled in a prospective study. Patients with concomitant midline hernia also had Rives repair. Polypropylene meshes with an absorbable buffer mesh were used in the retro-muscular pocket – except PTFE was chosen for inflammatory bowel disease patients.Results Of 53 included ostomates 43 had colostomies, 8 ileostomies and 2 urostomies, all end-type. 40% had a concomitant hernia and 26% had recurrent PH. Mean operating time without accessory repair was 156 minutes (SD 37) and with accessory repairs 220 minutes (SD 62). Postoperative complications ensued in 12 patients (23%). One bowel lesion and one vascular injury to the stoma occurred, prompting intraoperative revision of the stoma without postoperative morbidity. One patient had late stoma necrosis and was relocated after 3 weeks. One patient had a mesh infection, 3 patients suffered temporary ileus and one hypovolemic renal failure, one of two patients with flare-up of their IBD. One parastomal abscess had with percutaneous drain. The median postoperative stay was 3 days (1–21; mean 3.7 days) and the readmission rate was 7.5%. The recurrence rate at mean and median 24 months follow up is 3.8%, both in ileostomy patients.Conclusions Robotic Pauli repair shows promising results. However, the repair fails with short mesentery in small bowel ostomies. ePauli/TAR is now the standard operation for all eligible patients at our site.
Research trends in Caenorhabditis elegans and aging from 2004 to 2023: a bibliometric analysis.
Authors: Zhang Yue , Quan Tian , Zeng Yue , Hou Yi , Yu Xin-Tian , Leng Yan-En , Shi Lin 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) have emerged as a prominent model organism for investigating aging, owing to its short life cycle, complete body transparency, protein editing capabilities, and advancements in aging-related pathways. Despite the significance of C. elegans in aging research, there is currently a lack of bibliometric analysis on this topic. To address this gap and gain deeper insights into C. elegans and aging, we retrieved 6204 records from the Web of Science database and employed scientometric tools such as CiteSpace and VOSviewer software to conduct an extensive analysis encompassing countries/regions, institutions, authors, journals, co-cited literature, and keywords. This study aims to provide a comprehensive assessment of research trends in the field of C. elegans and aging using bibliometric approaches while also identifying potential avenues for future investigations. Currently, key areas within C. elegans and aging research primarily revolve around dauer larvae、caloric restriction、stress resistance and alzheimers disease pathogenesis exploration. It is noteworthy that insulin, anti-aging, free radicals, neurodegeneration, and antioxidants have emerged as the most prominent and rapidly advancing frontiers in current research. We anticipate that this study will contribute to the advancement of scientific research in C. elegans and aging, while facilitating potential collaborations and fostering interdisciplinary partnerships for scientists and scholars.
Mathematical modeling of reverse osmosis system design and performance
Authors: Saeed Ahmed , Alhawaj Mohammed 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT
Reverse osmosis (RO) is one of the most effective technologies for water desalination. However, the RO system's performance is contingent on its design parameters and operating conditions. In this study, a computational model for RO desalination performance prediction was developed. The study compares the performance parameters of the RO system utilizing various types of membranes with the established model using a single pressure vessel and seven membrane elements within the pressure vessel. This study looked at two different feed water concentrations. The first is for saltwater with a concentration of 40,000 mg/L, while the second is for seawater with a concentration of 32,000 mg/L. WAVE software assessed the findings of the generated model to the recovery ratio, feed pressure, salt rejection, and permeate concentration of each membrane element inside the pressure vessel. The results of the study show good similarity between the simulation model results and the results obtained by WAVE software as they are illustrated in Figures 4–7.
Safety and Efficiency of Anti-VEGF with Dexamethasone Intravitreal Implant for Non-Ischemic Retinal Vein Occlusion: A Prospective, Case-controlled, Cohort Study
Authors: Cai Xiaohui , Zhao Jing , Dang Yalong 
Published: May 2024

Objective:
This study aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of anti-VEGF combined
with dexamethasone implant for the retinal vein occlusion patients with macular edema.

Methods:
In this prospective, case-controlled, cohort clinical trial (Register ID: ChiCTR2400080048),
patients with non-ischemic retinal vein occlusion were enrolled from the Sanmenxia
Central Hospital from August 2020 to April 2023. The patients were randomized into two
groups. All the patients received ranibizumab intravitreal injection in the first 3 consecutive
months. For the ranibizumab group, anti-VEGF injections were as needed thereafter in case of recurrence
of macular edema; For the combination group, the patients received an intravitreal dexamethasone
implant injection at 15 days after the first ranibizumab injection. The primary outcome
measurements were improvement in best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and reduction in
central macular thickness (CMT). The secondary outcomes were recurrence of macular edema,
number of intravitreal injections, and injection interval. Safety profiles were also recorded.

Results:
A total of 124 patients were included, of which 73 patients completed all follow-ups.
Both the ranibizumab monotherapy and the combination therapy significantly improved BCVA at
all time points, compared to the baseline. The combined group achieved more BCVA improvement
in 3 months, 6 months, and 12 months, compared to the ranibizumab alone group. Compared
to the baseline, both groups achieved significant reductions in CMT at all follow-ups. However,
the combination group showed more CMT reduction at 1 week post injection, compared to the
ranibizumab group. The combination group had a significantly longer injection interval, lower injection
time, and recurrence of macular edema. Ocular hypertension was the most common adverse
events. Lastly, intraocular pressure was all well controlled by 1-3 glaucoma medications
without surgical intervention.

Conclusion:
The combination therapy could significantly improve the BCVA and reduce the
CMT with a good safety profile.
Isolation and Characterization of Amylase Enzyme Produced by Indigenous Bacteria from Sugar Factory Waste
Authors: Sanjaya Eli Hendrik , Suharti Suharti , Alvionita Mieke , Telussa Ivonne , Febriana Silvia , Clevanota Hafiz 
Published: May 2024

Background
Enzymes are biocatalysts commonly used in industries. One of these enzymes is amylase. In Indonesia, most of the enzymes are still imported from overseas. To reduce the production cost, local amylase is needed which can be produced from indigenous microorganisms.

Aims
This research aims to explore isolates amylase-producing bacteria from a liquid waste of sugar factories, optimize amylase enzyme production, and identify genotypically the indigenous bacterial.

Objective
This research aims to explore isolates amylase-producing bacteria from a liquid waste of sugar factories, optimize amylase enzyme production, and identify genotypically the indigenous bacterial.

Methods
This study consists of seven stages: sample preparation, isolation of amylase-producing bacteria, crude amylase extract production, amylase activity assay, optimization of amylase enzyme production, determining the specific activity, and bacterial identification through genotyping.

Results
This research successfully identified 3 bacterial isolates (G-7, G-8, and G-12) that positively produce amylase enzymes from sugar factory waste. The optimal conditions for amylase enzyme production for all three isolates were at 37°C, pH 7.0, and during the exponential growth phase - at 24 hours for isolate G-8 with specific amylase enzyme activity of 0.198 U/mg, and at 48 hours for isolates G-7 and G-12 with specific amylase enzyme activities of 0.108 U/mg and 0.208 U/mg respectively. The 16S rRNA gene identification results showed that G-7, G-8, and G-12 belong to the species Bacillus infantis, Bacillus flexus, and Pseudomonas nitroreducens respectively.

Conclusion
The species Bacillus infantis, Bacillus flexus, and Pseudomonas nitroreducens has shown great potential for the production of amylase enzyme.
Effectiveness of a Mental Health Chatbot for People With Chronic Diseases: Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: MacNeill A Luke , Doucet Shelley , Luke Alison 
Published: May 2024

Background
People with chronic diseases tend to experience more mental health issues than their peers without these health conditions. Mental health chatbots offer a potential source of mental health support for people with chronic diseases.

Objective
The aim of this study was to determine whether a mental health chatbot can improve mental health in people with chronic diseases. We focused on 2 chronic diseases in particular: arthritis and diabetes.

Methods
Individuals with arthritis or diabetes were recruited using various web-based methods. Participants were randomly assigned to 1 of 2 groups. Those in the treatment group used a mental health chatbot app (Wysa [Wysa Inc]) over a period of 4 weeks. Those in the control group received no intervention. Participants completed measures of depression (Patient Health Questionnaire–9), anxiety (Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale–7), and stress (Perceived Stress Scale–10) at baseline, with follow-up testing 2 and 4 weeks later. Participants in the treatment group completed feedback questions on their experiences with the app at the final assessment point.

Results
A total of 68 participants (n=47, 69% women; mean age 42.87, SD 11.27 years) were included in the analysis. Participants were divided evenly between the treatment and control groups. Those in the treatment group reported decreases in depression (P<.001) and anxiety (P<.001) severity over the study period. No such changes were found among participants in the control group. No changes in stress were reported by participants in either group. Participants with arthritis reported higher levels of depression (P=.004) and anxiety (P=.004) severity than participants with diabetes over the course of the study, as well as higher levels of stress (P=.01); otherwise, patterns of results were similar across these health conditions. In response to the feedback questions, participants in the treatment group said that they liked many of the functions and features of the app, the general design of the app, and the user experience. They also disliked some aspects of the app, with most of these reports focusing on the chatbot’s conversational abilities.

Conclusions
The results of this study suggest that mental health chatbots can be an effective source of mental health support for people with chronic diseases such as arthritis and diabetes. Although cost-effective and accessible, these programs have limitations and may not be well suited for all individuals.

Trial Registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04620668; https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT04620668
Capturing Patients’ and Clinicians’ Experiences of Using Video Consultations in Mental Health Outpatient Services: Qualitative Thematic Analysis
Authors: Shaker Ali Abbas , Simonsen Erik , Tarp Kristine , Borisov Radoslav Aleksandrov , Sørensen John Aasted , Bechmann Henrik , Austin Stephen F 
Published: May 2024

Background
Over the last decade, there has been an increase in the evidence base supporting the efficacy of video consultations (VCs) in mental health services. Furthermore, the potential of VC treatment was also demonstrated during the COVID-19 pandemic. Despite these promising results and conducive conditions for VCs, several studies have highlighted that the uptake and implementation of VCs continues to be slow, even after the pandemic. To facilitate and strengthen the implementation of VCs and exploit their potential as a useful tool for mental health disorder treatment, there is a need for a deeper understanding of the issues and experiences of implementing and using VCs as a treatment modality in clinical practice.

Objective
The aim of this study was to investigate patients’ and clinicians’ experiences and attitudes toward using VCs in clinical practice.

Methods
Treatment was conducted through the VC modality. Semistructured interviews were conducted individually with patients (n=10) and focus group interview were conducted with clinicians (n=4). Patients had participated in weekly VC treatment over 2 months as part of mental health outpatient services in Denmark. Data from these interviews were analyzed using thematic analysis.

Results
Thematic analysis of the patient interviews yielded two main themes: (1) adjusting to the practicalities of the VC format and (2) the practice of therapy using VCs. Patients experienced that using VCs was easy and convenient, and it was possible to establish and maintain a therapeutic alliance. They also described the contact as different to in-person therapy. The thematic analysis conducted on clinicians’ experiences of using VCs yielded three themes: (1) a shift in mindset from resistance to acceptance, (2) the contact is different when using the VC modality, and (3) adapting to a new way of working. Clinicians experienced that their initial concerns and resistance toward VC implementation gradually diminished over time as they gained clinical experience of using the modality. They expressed that contact with patients can be different when using the VC modality and that it took time to adjust to a new way of working therapeutically.

Conclusions
Both patients and clinicians experienced that VCs could enhance access to treatment and be meaningfully integrated into clinical practice. In addition, both groups described the contact when using the VC modality as being different to in-person therapy. Future research could examine patients’ and clinicians’ perceived differences regarding contact when using the VC modality and the implications for therapeutic interventions.
Searching COVID-19 Clinical Research Using Graph Queries: Algorithm Development and Validation
Authors: Invernici Francesco , Bernasconi Anna , Ceri Stefano 
Published: May 2024

Background
Since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, >1 million studies have been collected within the COVID-19 Open Research Dataset, a corpus of manuscripts created to accelerate research against the disease. Their related abstracts hold a wealth of information that remains largely unexplored and difficult to search due to its unstructured nature. Keyword-based search is the standard approach, which allows users to retrieve the documents of a corpus that contain (all or some of) the words in a target list. This type of search, however, does not provide visual support to the task and is not suited to expressing complex queries or compensating for missing specifications.

Objective
This study aims to consider small graphs of concepts and exploit them for expressing graph searches over existing COVID-19–related literature, leveraging the increasing use of graphs to represent and query scientific knowledge and providing a user-friendly search and exploration experience.

Methods
We considered the COVID-19 Open Research Dataset corpus and summarized its content by annotating the publications’ abstracts using terms selected from the Unified Medical Language System and the Ontology of Coronavirus Infectious Disease. Then, we built a co-occurrence network that includes all relevant concepts mentioned in the corpus, establishing connections when their mutual information is relevant. A sophisticated graph query engine was built to allow the identification of the best matches of graph queries on the network. It also supports partial matches and suggests potential query completions using shortest paths.

Results
We built a large co-occurrence network, consisting of 128,249 entities and 47,198,965 relationships; the GRAPH-SEARCH interface allows users to explore the network by formulating or adapting graph queries; it produces a bibliography of publications, which are globally ranked; and each publication is further associated with the specific parts of the query that it explains, thereby allowing the user to understand each aspect of the matching.

Conclusions
Our approach supports the process of query formulation and evidence search upon a large text corpus; it can be reapplied to any scientific domain where documents corpora and curated ontologies are made available.