bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Speaking for Human Being: Institutional Logics, Dragons, and the Supra-Human
Authors: Friedland Roger , Arjaliès Diane-Laure 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis essay engages with the mounting published criticism of neo-institutionalism, but from the point of view of the institutional logical approach, one of its descendants. By addressing each of the main critiques: (1) institutional logical theory is tautological; (2) everything is institutional; (3) the absence of politics and power, and (4) its lack of a critical theory - the essay attempts to think how to build a theoretical apparatus able to engage with the current institutional crises of the world.
Does delayed cord clamping result in higher maternal blood loss in primary cesarean sections? A retrospective comparative study
Authors: Urech Fabia L. , Girard Thierry , Brunner Maya , Schoetzau Andreas , Lapaire Olav 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Objectives
The University Hospital Basel implemented delayed umbilical cord clamping of 30–60 s in all laboring women on April 1, 2020. This practice has been widely researched showing substantial benefit for the neonate. Few studies focused on maternal blood loss. The objective of our retrospective comparative study was to assess the impact of immediate vs. delayed cord clamping on maternal blood loss in primary scheduled cesarean sections.

Methods
We analyzed data of 98 women with singleton gestations undergoing primary scheduled cesarean section at term. Data from procedures with early cord clamping (ECC) were compared to those after implementation of delayed cord clamping (DCC). Primary outcomes were perioperative change in maternal hemoglobin levels, estimated and calculated blood loss. Secondary outcomes included duration of cesarean section and neonatal data.

Results
There was a statistically significant difference in the mean perioperative decline of hemoglobin of 10.4 g/L (SD=7.92) and 18.7 g/L (SD=10.4) between the ECC and DCC group, respectively (p<0.001). The estimated (482 mL in ECC vs. 566 mL in DCC (p=0.011)) and the calculated blood loss (438 mL in ECC vs. 715 mL in DCC (p=0.002)) also differed significantly. Secondary outcomes showed no significant differences.

Conclusions
In our study DCC resulted in a statistically significant higher maternal blood loss. In our opinion the widely researched neonatal benefit of DCC outweighs the risk of higher maternal blood loss in low-risk patients. However, maternal risks must be minimized, improvements to preoperative blood management and operative techniques are required.
Rate-dependent tensile properties of paperboard and its plies
Authors: Poddar Satyasarathi , Andreasson Eskil , Nygårds Mikael 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Tensile properties of paperboard have been characterized, and it has been shown that paper tensile properties are dependent on the strain rate. Tensile testing was done using strain rates in the range 10−4–3 s−1, which corresponds to crosshead movements ranging from 1 up to 24,000 mm/min, using an electro-mechanical testing machine. Two paperboards, and its free-laid top, middle and bottom plies were characterized in MD and CD. The testing was limited by the maximum crosshead speed of the testing machine. Initially 50 mm (grip to grip) long samples were tested, but to test even higher strain rates also short samples with length of 5 mm were tested. The results showed that ultimate strength increased by 9 % per decade increasing of testing rate, and Young’s modulus increased by 7 %. This shows that the previously reported rule of thumb of 10 % increase of in-plane strength per decade increase of strain rate holds. The testing here shows that this is valid also at strain rates as high as 3 s−1. Moreover, the strain at break in CD for long tensile specimens was observed to decrease when the strain rate exceeded 0.1 s−1, which resulted in straighter crack paths.
Green chemistry: current status and challenges in Zimbabwe
Authors: Guyo Upenyu , Chigondo Fidelis , Nyoni Stephen , Muchanyereyi Netai , Zinyama Ngceboyakwethu P. , Kusena Winmore , Nyoni Dubekile 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Green chemistry involves designing environmentally benign processes that either reduce or eliminate the use and production of hazardous substances in the production of safe chemical products. It aims at minimising waste; eliminating costly treatments; minimising energy and resource consumption, and yielding safer products. On this background, it becomes imperative to promote and establish Green chemistry worldwide, especially in developing countries by incorporating it into school curricula, thus placing it at its core for sustainable development purposes. While Zimbabwe, a sub-Saharan country, has made positive strides in key research areas such as the design of new chemicals, catalysis, solvents, renewable materials, and feedstocks, it still faces some challenges that inhibit the successful inception of the concept of green chemistry. An overview that includes educational curriculum, grants and awards, research, infrastructure, and facilities established to promote green chemistry research and education; challenges currently being faced in implementing the approaches and principles in selected universities; the role played by government bodies, and the public in influencing the criteria to promote the green chemistry concept is given.
Structural, band profiles and optical reflectivity studies of ALi2B (A = Cu, Ag; B = Ge, Sn, Pb) compounds
Authors: Ayaz Maryam , Khan Hilal , Alsalmah Hessa A. , Yunas Muhammad , Murtaza Ghulam 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The subject of given project is to highlight the basic elastic, electronic and optical reflectivity of ALi2B (A = Cu, Ag; B = Ge, Sn, Pb). For the calculation of these properties, we used the full potential linearized augmented plane wave (FP-LAPW) procedures carry through Wien2k package. Specifically, the Perdew, Burke and Ernzerhof’s generalized gradient approximation (PBE-GGA) and Wu and Cohen generalized gradient approximation (WC-GGA) have been used. The obtained results fit well with existing experimental data. Different elastic parameters, such as constant of elasticity, elastic moduli, Poisson’s ratio, anisotropy factor and Cauchy pressure, are calculated for the first time for the compounds. The elastic properties clearly summarized the compound’s elastically stability and brittleness in both zinc blend phase. The band structure results for ALi2B shows that the compounds are metallic having overlapping bands across the electron chemical potential. The valance band highest energy state is composed from combination of Cu-d and Sn-p state, disclosed through these compound’s total (DOS) plots, whereas the conduction band primarily constitution is from Li-p, Sn-s Cu-s and Sn-p states. The intraband transitions play vital rule in the description of the optical reflectivity of the ALi2B compounds.
Effects of Different Water-Repellents and Sewing Thread Parameters on Comfort Properties of Fabrics Used for Outdoor Sports Activities
Authors: Erayman Yüksel Yaşar , Korkmaz Yasemin 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
In today’s market, consumers prioritize sportswear that offers both high comfort and functionality. This study aims to assess the impact of various water-repellents applied to fabrics, sewing thread types, and their water-repellent finishes on the comfort properties of outdoor sportswear. Fluorocarbons containing six and eight carbons were applied to fabrics, followed by sewing these fabrics using polyester-cotton corespun and polyamide sewing threads, with or without water-repellent finishing. Scanning electron microscopy analysis results confirmed that fluorocarbon water-repellents were successfully transferred to the fabric. Comfort properties were evaluated on both sewn and unsewn areas of the fabrics. The results of the study revealed that fluorocarbons with six carbons may be preferable considering overall bending rigidity with the value of 83.731 mg.cm. However, fluorocarbons with eight carbons generally exhibited higher water vapor (5,454.088 g/m2/day) and air permeability (58.100 mm/s on the right side and 58.760 mm/s on the back side). Moreover, the sewing process of fabrics increased the bending rigidity, thermal resistance, and thermal conductivity while decreasing in the thermal absorptivity and water vapor permeability values. The type of sewing thread was statistically significant for the comfort properties (weft, warp, and overall bending rigidity as well as water vapor permeability and right side-air permeability) except for Alambeta values. Additionally, water-repellent finishing of sewing threads showed a statistically significant effect on warp and overall bending rigidity as well as water vapor permeability values.
Micromechanical Modeling of Cement-Treated Base Materials Considering Recycled Crushed Aggregate Morphology from Construction and Demolition Waste Using Three-Dimensional Discrete Element Method
Authors: Ai Xinman , Yi Junyan , Pei Zhongshi , Huang Liyao , Zhou Wenyi , Xu Meng , Fan Lulu , Yang Jianhong , Feng Decheng 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
This study established a three-dimensional discrete element method (3D DEM) of cement-treated base materials (CTBM), considering the morphology of recycled crushed aggregates (RCAs) derived from construction and demolition waste. Coarse RCA morphology was obtained using X-ray computed tomography and integrated into the DEM model. The linear contact model and linear parallel bond model were selected and key microparameters were determined. The developed 3D DEM model was verified through the actual indirect tensile test of CTBM. Micromechanical analysis, encompassing contact force and displacement fields of particles, was subsequently evaluated based on the virtual uniaxial compression test. The findings revealed that particles near the loading plate exhibited relatively higher contact force, gradually decreasing with distance from the loading position. Regarding the displacement field, the particles closer to the edge of the cross-section and the loading plate on the longitudinal section experienced greater displacement, whereas those in the middle of the specimen and farther from the loading plate had smaller displacements. Furthermore, it was observed that increasing the cement content effectively enhanced the internal contact force and the ability of CTBM to resist uniaxial deformation.
Updated Review on Recent Advances in Silver Nanoclusters in Bioanalytical and Biomedical Applications
Authors: Kshatriya Vaibhavi Vijay , Kumbhare Manoj Ramesh , Jadhav Shraddha Vikas , Thorat Prajakta Jaywant , Bhambarge Rushikesh Gajanan 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Silver nanoclusters (AgNCs) have emerged as highly adaptable nanomaterials with vast potential in theranostic applications, by integrating therapeutic and diagnostic capabilities within a single platform. This review summarizes current developments in the synthesis, characterization, and use of AgNCs for theranostics. AgNC synthesis has substantially advanced, and a variety of techniques such as chemical reduction, green synthesis, and templated methods are being used to manage stability, size, and form. AgNCs’ optical characteristics, including high fluorescence and surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) signals, make them ideal for bioimaging and diagnostic applications. Furthermore, AgNCs’ surface chemistry enables simple functionalization with therapeutic drugs and targeting ligands, thus improving effectiveness and selectivity. AgNCs have been used in several diagnostic imaging modalities, including photoacoustic imaging, fluorescence imaging, and SERS-based sensing. They are suitable for both in vitro and in vivo imaging applications because of their exceptional photostability and biocompatibility, which enables real-time tracking of disease progression and therapy response.
Relationship Between Sepsis Phenotypes and Treatment Characteristics of Patients with Viral and Bacterial Pneumonia
Authors: Ruslyakova I. A. , Shamsutdinova E. Z. , Gaikovaya L. B. 
Published: April 2024

New subgroups of patients with severe community-acquired pneumonia (SCAP) are hardly predicted by the use of clinical covariates; clusterization may signiﬁcantly improve diagnostic approaches and facilitate the adaptation of speciﬁc treatment modalities to patient’s individual characteristics.The aim of the study. To identify linking the sepsis phenotype in patients with SCAP and preferable treatment option to forecasting the outcome and improve treatment results.Materials and methods. Case histories of 664 of intensive care unit (ICU) patients with sepsis (2016–2023) from I. I. Mechnikov Northwestern State Medical University were analyzed. The study included 568 (85.5%) patients with viral SCAP (SCAPv group) and 96 (14.5%) patients with bacterial SCAP (SCAPb group). Sepsis phenotypes were identiﬁed using algorithm proposed by Seymour C.W. et al. In SCAP cases associated with COVID-19 infection (n=293, 51.6%) patients received genetically engineered biological therapy (GIBT). The study compared two cohorts of patients: those who received GIBT and did not receive GIBT. Data were statistically processed using the Statistica 10.0 and SPSS software packages.Results. Analysis revealed 4 sepsis phenotypes: α- (N=323, 48.6%); β- (N=128, 19.3%); γ- (N=87, 13.1%); δ - (N=126, 19%). The majority of SCAPv group patients — 295 (51.9%) — had α-phenotype of sepsis, while δ -phenotype prevailed in the SCAPb group — 53 (55.2%). The proportion of patients receiving GIBT and exhibiting α- sepsis phenotype dominated over other sepsis phenotypes: 61.8% of patientspossesed α- phenotype, whereas β-, γ- and δ -phenotypes were determined in 16% , 12.6%, and 9.6% of GIBT patients, respectivelty (P<0.05). The best eﬀect of using monoclonal antibodies to interleukin-6 receptors as a GIBT was obtained in patients with the α-phenotype sepsis and COVID-19-associated SCAP: 87.5% favorable outcomes, P=0.0419. Rate of bacterial sepsis was signiﬁcantly lower in patients with α- and δ -phenotypes of sepsis receiving GIBT vs those who did not receive this therapy: 12.71% vs 23.2% of patients with α-phenotype, P=0.0131; 25.0% vs 70.41% of patients with δ -phenotype, P=0.0254, respectively.Conclusion. Diﬀerences in sepsis phenotype between patients with viral or bacterial SCAP may stratify patients for diﬀerent therapeutic management and more accurately predict potential complications and unfavorable outcome.
Nueroprotection by Anesthetics in Brain Injury Models
Authors: Bocharnikov A. D. , Boeva E. A. , Milovanova M. A. , Antonova V. V. , Yakupova E. I. , Grechko A. V. 
Published: April 2024

The aim of the study was to compare the eﬀect of sevoﬂurane and chloral hydrate on the neurological status and volume of brain damage after trauma and ischemia in experimental models of traumatic brain injury (TBI) and focal ischemic stroke (IS) induced by photothrombosis (PT).Materials and methods. The experiments were performed on mongrel Wistar rats weighing 250–300 g (N=43). There were 4 groups: the Ischemia + Sevoﬂurane group (ISSEV) (N=10), the Ischemia + Chloral hydrate group (ISCH) (N=10), TBI + Sevoﬂurane group (TBISEV) (N=13), and TBI+Chloral hydrate group (TBICH) (N=10). Ischemic brain damage was modelled using Rose Bengal (RB) dye-induced PT, and TBI was modelled using mechanical force-induced concussion.Results. MRI findings indicate lower volumes of brain damage (mm³) in rats from TBISEV group compared with the TBICH group (19±5 vs. 60±5, P<0.0001), and in the ISSEV group compared with the ISCH group (9.8±1.5 vs. 21.5±2, P=0.0016). Moreover, there was a significant difference between ISSEV and ISCH groups based on the protocol assessment of neurological status on day 14 with higher scores in ISSEV (11.4±1.8 vs. 4.9±2.6, P<0.0001).Conclusion. Taking into account the data obtained, we recommend a careful choice of anesthesia when modeling ischemic stroke and traumatic brain injury in animals. In particular, the neuroprotective eﬀect of sevoﬂurane should be taken into account in the PT and TBI models.
Specifics of Objections in Polemics about the History of Scientific Discoveries
Authors: Samsonova Anastasiia , Zharkova Tatiana 
Published: April 2024

The relevance of the work is based on the growing interest in popular science journalism. At the same time, there is a lack of research into the area of scientific history popularization of. This work is devoted to the study of hypermedia text dedicated to the invention of radio. The empirical base consists of publications on the dzen.ru platform, as well as comments from platform users. The category of objection creates polemic. The intentional-stylistic characteristics of objection in the fields of implication and involvement are determined. The following models of objection have been identified: for implication — an objection as a tool for searching for truth, as a means of confirming semantic position; for involvement — manifestation of a semantic position, frustration, refusal to argue. A system of linguistic means of objection marks the selected models. The most active and potentially effective means are particles and conjunctions. These means indicate the instrumental nature of the objection. In the field of implication, lexemes with the semantics of doubt and opposition were found. Emotionally expressive vocabulary was found in the field of involvement. If the vocabulary of an objection contains an ideological component, then the type of objection can be distinguished: frustration. It goes beyond traditional popular science communication. On the contrary, the use of ameliorative assessments allows us to speak about the desire of the participants to harmonize communication. However, the effectiveness of such aspiration in the hypermedia text under study turns out to be extremely low. The study will be useful to media theorists. It will expand the subject field of research in popular science journalism. The work will also be useful to practitioners who talk about conflict-prone scientific topics in the media space.
Neonatal outcome of babies born with congenital anomalies after pediatric surgery
Authors: Sharma Snigdha , Sharma Arti , Maletha Madhukar 
Published: April 2024

Background: Congenital anomalies are the major cause of adverse neonatal outcome and mortality. Some congenital anomalies are correctable and there is immense role of pediatric surgery in treatment of these anomalies. The aim of this study was to determine the pattern of congenital anomalies and to evaluate clinical outcome of babies after surgical intervention.
Methods: This hospital-based cross-sectional study was carried out in the Obstetrics and Gynecology department during the period of 1 year. All the delivered babies in this hospital during this period were examined by obstetricians and pediatricians for the presence of various congenital anomalies. Babies with correctable anomalies were operated by the Pediatric Surgery Department and outcome of babies at the time of discharge was included. Data were entered into a case record form and then in the excel sheet and were analyzed statistically.
Results: During the study period, 1670 babies were delivered in our institution; of which, 32 babies had congenital malformations, giving the prevalence of 1.91%. The system involved predominantly was the gastrointestinal (GI) system (80%). Pregnancy with congenital malformation were associated with malpresentation, anemia and polyhydramnios. Overall, most babies operated for pediatric surgery had good outcome.
Conclusions: Pre pregnancy high-dose folic acid supplementation, regular antenatal visits, and prenatal diagnosis are recommended for prevention, early detection and management of congenital anomalies. There is great importance of Level II and NT NB Scan. Pediatric surgery is a boon in babies with correctable anomalies.
A retrospective analysis on the association between aetiology and symptomatology of ovarian carcinoma at a tertiary care centre
Authors: Ankita Kumari , Palve Tushar Tatyaba , Thatikonda Rajashree , Upadhyay Dishant 
Published: April 2024

Background: Ovarian cancer is a leading cause of cancer related mortality in women, but is often diagnosed during late stages since the symptomatology at onset of illness is often vague and inconsistent. Mortality and morbidity in carcinoma ovary patients are found to reduce dramatically when definitive diagnosis is arrived upon at early stages. Thus, the aim of our study was to analyse the symptomatology of diagnosed cases of carcinoma ovary with its known aetiology to elicit significant associations that may aid in diagnostic cues for this elusive disease. This study aimed to analyse the symptomatology of diagnosed cases of carcinoma ovary with its etiological factors.
Methods: In a retrospective design, data was collected from hospital records and interviewing known cases of ovarian cancer, age at presentation, age at first child birth, parity, BMI, family history, chief complaint at presentation was analysed.
Results: Abdominal pain was the chief complaint in majority of patients. Majority of the patients were having parity less than 2. Over one-third of patients had obesity. Age at presentation, age at first child birth, and parity were not associated or correlated with each other. Age at first child birth was significantly higher (27 years vs 22 years) in those having positive family history for ovarian cancer.
Conclusions: Later age of first child birth, obesity and parity less than 2 were found to have positive association with carcinoma ovary.
Ectopic pregnancies at a tertiary care centre: a five-year retrospective study
Authors: Wakode Shamrao Ramji , Sharma Sakshi Pramod 
Published: April 2024

Background: Ectopic Pregnancy results in significant morbidity. Our aim during present study was to understand age wise, parity wise distribution of cases, risk factors, clinical presentation and management of ectopic pregnancy which may be useful in lowering morbidity and mortality.
Methods: A five-year retrospective study was done from 2019 to 2023; comprising detailed medical records of detected cases of ectopic pregnancies admitted to the tertiary care centre.
Results: Incidence of ectopic pregnancy during present study was 0.40%. 65.48% of ectopic pregnancy cases recorded in the age group of 21-30 years. Majority of parity wise cases were multipara (63.95%). There were no risk factors noted in 34.01% cases. Majority of the cases (65.95%) had one or the other distinguishable risk factor. 21.68% cases had history of Tubectomy, while 19.38% ectopic gestation had history of abortion. Most of the patients presented with clinical presentation of amenorrhoea 59.89%. 55.83% cases had bleeding per vaginum, while 47.71% had pain in abdomen. Most common ectopic pregnancy site was ampulla, with 63.95% cases. Ultrasonic findings showed ruptured ectopic pregnancy in 59.39% cases and unruptured in 30.45%. Regarding mode of management in the cases, surgical management with unilateral total salpingectomy (56.79%) was most commonly performed, followed by salpingoopherectomy (14.81%).
Conclusions: Ectopic pregnancy is a common obstetric emergency leading to first trimester morbidity and mortality. Diagnosis of these cases requires a high index of clinical suspicion and early intervention often is lifesaving. Hence, knowledge of the disease related trends and timely management is the key for successful outcomes in such cases.