bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The enhanced research impact of self‐archiving platforms: Evidence from bioRxiv
Authors: Liu Hongxu , Hu Guangyuan , Li Yin 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe proliferation of online self‐archiving platforms has greatly facilitated the dissemination of new research findings. However, the extent to which these platforms have increased the impact of research remains uncertain, especially considering the potential bias of researchers favoring the deposition of higher‐quality preprints. To determine the causal relationship between self‐archiving platforms and research impact, we conducted an investigation using a sample of 5423 published articles from 2018 that had preprints deposited on bioRxiv. These articles were compared to a control group of 7862 similar articles without preprints, identified through text‐mining algorithms. By modeling the differences in forward citations over time between the two groups, we established a positive causal effect of self‐archiving platforms on research impact. However, the effect observed in this study was smaller than that reported in previous studies (18.7% vs. 36%), indicating a more accurate and unbiased result. Additionally, the study explored the underlying mechanisms that contribute to the enhancement of research impact, including early dissemination and increased exposure through social networks facilitated by self‐archiving platforms. Overall, this study expands our understanding of how research is disseminated in the era of Internet platforms.
A facile method for the estimation of ceramic performance in light armor systems
Authors: Ganor Jake 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBallistic armor material development has been historically constrained by the limitations of existing predictive models. Traditional approaches, primarily reliant on finite element models, are not only computationally intensive but also often fall short in accurately predicting the ballistic performance of ceramics, particularly with novel materials. This challenge is exacerbated by the lack of clear correlations between a ceramic material's mechanical properties and its ballistic efficacy in existing equations. In this context, we have developed a novel empirical equation that represents a significant shift from conventional methods. This facile formula provides a more cohesive and predictive way to estimate ballistic performance from material mechanical properties, accurately defines performance relations between different material types, and addresses the gaps that have hindered previous methodologies. This new ballistic efficacy equation conclusively answers the old question as to which mechanical properties correlate with performance in light armor systems and opens avenues for the rapid development and optimization of more effective ceramic armor materials.
Direct Access to Benzolactams and Benzolactones via Nickel Catalyzed Carbonylation with CO2
Authors: Giovanelli Riccardo , Monda Giulia , Kiriakidi Sofia , Silva López Carlos , Bertuzzi Giulio , Bandini Marco 
Published: June 2024

AbstractA new nickel catalyzed cross‐electrophile coupling for accessing γ‐lactams (isoindolinones) as well as γ‐lactones (isobenzofuranones) via carbonylation with CO2 is documented. The protocol exploits the synergistic role of redox‐active Ni(II) complexes and AlCl3 as a CO2 activator/oxygen scavenger, leading to the formation of a wide range of cyclic amides and esters (28 examples) in good to high yields (up to 87 %). A dedicated computational investigation revealed the multiple roles played by AlCl3. In particular, the simultaneous transient protection of the pendant amino group of the starting reagents and the formation of the electrophilically activated CO2‐AlCl3 adduct are shown to concur in paving the way for an energetically favorable mechanistic pathway.
A microscale low‐cost experiment on heat pumps and refrigerators for chemistry lessons
Authors: Poensgen Fabian , Groß Katharina 
Published: June 2024

AbstractWärmepumpen sind nicht nur politisch brisant, sondern als Socioscientific Issue auch eine besondere Lerngelegenheit zur Vermittlung naturwissenschaftlicher Grundbildung und wichtiger Kompetenzen im Basiskonzept Energie. Das hier vorgestellte Experiment erlaubt es den Schüler:innen, die grundlegende Funktionsweise einer Wärmepumpe unmittelbar und anschaulich zu erleben.
Polylactic acid – bioplastics in chemistry lessons
Authors: Zell Lukas , Friedrich Jens 
Published: June 2024

AbstractPolymilchsäure (PLA) ist ein aus nachwachsenden Rohstoffen hergestellter und bioabbaubarer Kunststoff. Er ist einer der am häufigsten verwendeten Biokunststoff mit steigender Verwendung. Die Eigenschaften eines Kunststoffes gehen auf die molekulare Struktur sowie die beigefügten Additive zurück. In diesem Artikel wird eine schulgerechte PLA‐Synthese mit Zinn(II)‐chlorid vorgeschlagen, die eine größere Menge Material liefert. Weiter stellen wir einfache Additive für PLA vor, die dessen Eigenschaften verändern.
Genotype profile of HPV in ASC‐H cytology and histologic follow‐up—prevalence, distribution, and risk: A retrospective study of 1414 cases
Authors: Sun Yihua , Wang Tiannan , Zhong Fangfang , Starr David , Zeng Xianxu , Zhang Hao , Xiao Jianan , Zhou Xianrong , Tao Xiang , Zhao Chengquan 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundA cytologic diagnosis of atypical squamous cells, cannot exclude high‐grade squamous lesion (ASC‐H) poses a disproportionately high risk of cervical cancer development. The objective of this study was to analyze type‐specific risks by mapping human papillomavirus (HPV) genotypes in ASC‐H cytology.MethodsIn total, 1,048,581 Papanicolaou tests that had ASC‐H cytology were retrieved. Concurrent HPV genotyping using proprietary multiplex real‐time (MRT) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) HPV tests and histologic follow‐up findings were analyzed.ResultsAmong 1678 patients who had ASC‐H findings (0.16%), 1414 (84.3%) underwent concurrent HPV genotyping (MRT, 857; HPV PCR test, 557). The overall high‐risk HPV (hrHPV)‐positive rate was 84.4%. Of the 857 MRT cases, 63.9% were infected with a single hrHPV, and 24.4% had multiple genotypes. The most prevalent HPV types were HPV16/52/58/33/31. Lesions that were identified as cervical intraepithelial neoplasia 2 or worse (CIN2+) were detected in 498 of 906 cases (55.0%), including 81 cervical carcinomas (8.9%). The risk of CIN2+ for the composite group of HPV16/52/58/33/31‐positive cases was 62.7%, representing 90.7% (264 of 291) of total CIN2+ lesions in ASC‐H/hrHPV–positive cases by MRT. CIN2+ lesions were detected in 108 of 142 (76.1%) HPV16‐positive and/or HPV18‐positive women by the PCR the HPV test. Among 128 hrHPV‐negative ASC‐H cases by both methods, CIN2+ lesions were identified in 21 of 128 (16.4%), including five cervical carcinomas (3.9%). The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value for patients in the composite group with HPV16/52/58/33/31 were 88.0%, 40.8%, 62.7%, and 75.0%, respectively.ConclusionsPapanicolaou tests classified as ASC‐H are associated with a high CIN2+ rate and warrant colposcopy, regardless of HPV status. The extent to which the risk‐stratification provided by comprehensive HPV genotyping can inform the management of ASC‐H cytology remains to be explored.
A Systematic Review of the Assessment of ICD‐11 Complex Post‐Traumatic Stress Disorder (CPTSD) in Young People and Adults
Authors: Sarr Rachel , Quinton Alice , Spain Debbie , Rumball Freya 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACTComplex post‐traumatic stress disorder (CPTSD) was introduced in the International Classification of Diseases (ICD) 11 in 2013 to simplify diagnosis and increase clinical utility. Given the recent ICD‐11 conceptualisation, there is no standard approach for its assessment, and a review of research is necessary. This systematic review focuses on ICD‐11 CPTSD assessment in young people aged 7 to 17 and adults aged 18 and above, examining measures, differentiating features and clinical considerations. Data from five databases are reviewed using a narrative synthesis approach and the quality of evidence is assessed and discussed. A total of 36 studies involving 5901 participants recruited from clinical settings and 1458 professionals with CPTSD assessment experience were included. Studies predominantly focused on adults, and the most used measure for assessment was the International Trauma Questionnaire. Papers focusing on differentiating features highlighted increased symptom severity, impairment and difficulties in individuals with CPTSD, compared to those with PTSD across various characteristics in both young people and adults. This review also identified the importance of a sensitive clinical approach with adaptations based on culture and age. Although gold‐standard recommendations cannot be made, this paper offers tentative clinical practice recommendations and considerations regarding ICD‐11 CPTSD assessment.
Validating linalool as a potential drug for breast cancer treatment based on machine learning and molecular docking
Authors: Zhang Qian , Chen Dengfeng 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBreast cancer (BC) is a common cancer for women. This study aims to construct a prognostic risk model of BC and identify prognostic biomarkers through machine learning approaches, and clarify the mechanism by which linalool exerts tumor‐suppressive function. Three mRNA microarray/RNA sequencing data sets (GSE25055, GSE103091, and TCGA‐BRCA) were obtained from Gene Expression Omnibus database and The Cancer Genome Atlas database, and prognostic genes were obtained by univariate COX analysis. Multiple machine learning methods were used to screen core genes and construct prognostic risk models. The enrichment analysis of crucial genes was analyzed using the DAVID database. UALCAN, human protein atlas, geneMANIA, and LinkedOmics databases were used to analyze gene expression and co‐expressed genes. Molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation was applied to verify the binding affinity between linalool and phosphoglycerate kinase 1 (PGK1). Cell counting kit 8 (CCK‐8, Edu, transwell, flow cytometry, and Western blot assay were used to analyze cell activity, apoptosis, cell cycle and protein expression. Eight prognostic genes were obtained by bioinformatics analysis and machine learning, and prognostic risk models were constructed. This model could well predict the prognosis of patients, and the risk score could be used as an independent risk factor for BC. Overall survival (OS) and immune cell infiltration characteristics were distinct between high and low risk groups. PGK1 was highly expressed in BC and the OS of patients with high PGK1 expression was shorter. PGK1 was related to cell cycle and PPAR signaling pathway. Linalool and PGK1 had good binding activity, and linalool could inhibit the viability, proliferation, migration, and invasion of BC cells, promote cell apoptosis, and induce G0/G1 arrest. In addition, linalool can promote PPARγ protein expression and inhibit PGK1 expression. Machine learning and molecular docking were promising for exploration of new drug targets for BC, and linalool exerts tumor‐suppressive effects in BC by inhibiting PGK1 expression and activating PPAR signaling pathway.
SEP‐363856 exerts neuroprotection through the PI3K/AKT/GSK‐3β signaling pathway in a dual‐hit neurodevelopmental model of schizophrenia‐like mice
Authors: Li Mengdie , Liu Yunxiao , Sun Meng , Yang Yating , Zhang Ling , Liu Yuexia , Li Fujin , Liu Huanzhong 
Published: June 2024

AbstractSchizophrenia (SZ) is a serious, destructive neurodevelopmental disorder. Antipsychotic medications are the primary therapy approach for this illness, but it's important to pay attention to the adverse effects as well. Clinical studies for SZ are currently in phase ΙΙΙ for SEP‐363856 (SEP‐856)‐a new antipsychotic that doesn't work on dopamine D2 receptors. However, the underlying action mechanism of SEP‐856 remains unknown. This study aimed to evaluate the impact and underlying mechanisms of SEP‐856 on SZ‐like behavior in a perinatal MK‐801 treatment combined with social isolation from the weaning to adulthood model (MK‐SI). First, we created an animal model that resembles SZ that combines the perinatal MK‐801 with social isolation from weaning to adulthood. Then, different classical behavioral tests were used to evaluate the antipsychotic properties of SEP‐856. The levels of proinflammatory cytokines (tumor necrosis factor‐α, interleukin‐6, and interleukin‐1β), apoptosis‐related genes (Bax and Bcl‐2), and synaptic plasticity‐related genes (brain‐derived neurotrophic factor [BDNF] and PSD‐95) in the hippocampus were analyzed by quantitative real‐time PCR. Hematoxylin and eosin staining were used to observe the morphology of neurons in the hippocampal DG subregions. Western blot was performed to detect the protein expression levels of BDNF, PSD‐95, Bax, Bcl‐2, PI3K, p‐PI3K, AKT, p‐AKT, GSK‐3β, p‐GSK‐3β in the hippocampus. MK‐SI neurodevelopmental disease model studies have shown that compared with sham group, MK‐SI group exhibit higher levels of autonomic activity, stereotyped behaviors, withdrawal from social interactions, dysregulated sensorimotor gating, and impaired recognition and spatial memory. These findings imply that the MK‐SI model can mimic symptoms similar to those of SZ. Compared with the MK‐SI model, high doses of SEP‐856 all significantly reduced increased activity, improved social interaction, reduced stereotyping behavior, reversed sensorimotor gating dysregulation, and improved recognition memory and spatial memory impairment in MK‐SI mice. In addition, SEP‐856 can reduce the release of proinflammatory factors in the MK‐SI model, promote the expression of BDNF and PSD‐95 in the hippocampus, correct the Bax/Bcl‐2 imbalance, turn on the PI3K/AKT/GSK‐3β signaling pathway, and ultimately help the MK‐SI mice's behavioral abnormalities. SEP‐856 may play an antipsychotic role in MK‐SI “dual‐hit” model‐induced SZ‐like behavior mice by promoting synaptic plasticity recovery, decreasing death of hippocampal neurons, lowering the production of pro‐inflammatory substances in the hippocampal region, and subsequently initiating the PI3K/AKT/GSK‐3β signaling cascade.
Usefulness of virtual scale endoscope for early gastrointestinal lesions
Authors: Minakata Nobuhisa , Ikematsu Hiroaki , Kiyomi Fumiaki , Inoue Suma , Akutagawa Takashi , Watanabe Takashi , Yano Tomonori , Shimoda Ryo 
Published: June 2024

AbstractObjectivesFor early gastrointestinal lesions, size is an important factor in the selection of treatment. Virtual scale endoscope (VSE) is a newly developed endoscope that can measure size more accurately than visual measurement. This study aimed to investigate whether VSE measurement is accurate for early gastrointestinal lesions of various sizes and morphologies.MethodsThis study prospectively enrolled patients with early gastrointestinal lesions ≤20 mm in size visually. Lesion sizes were measured in the gastrointestinal tract visually, on endoscopic resection specimens with VSE, and finally on endoscopic resection specimens using a ruler. The primary endpoint was the normalized difference (ND) of VSE measurement. The secondary endpoints were the ND of visual measurement and the variation between NDs of VSE and visual measurements. ND was calculated as (100 × [measured size − true size] / true size) (%). True size was defined as size measured using a ruler.ResultsThis study included 60 lesions from April 2022 to December 2022, with 20 each in the esophagus, stomach, and colon. The lesion size was 14.0 ± 6.3 mm (mean ± standard deviation). Morphologies were protruded, slightly elevated, and flat or slightly depressed type in 8, 24, and 28 lesions, respectively. The primary endpoint was 0.3 ± 8.8%. In the secondary endpoints, the ND of visual measurement was −1.7 ± 29.3%, and the variability was significantly smaller in the ND of VSE measurement than in that of visual measurement (p < 0.001, F‐test).ConclusionsVSE measurement is accurate for early gastrointestinal lesions of various sizes and morphologies.
Thermodynamic and exhaust emission studies of CI engine powered by neem oil methyl ester blends doped with nickel oxide nano additives
Authors: Srinidhi Campli , Channapattana Shylesha V. , Aithal Kiran , Panchal Raju , Dhaneshwar Sonali , Karle Anuja , Dharmadikari Anirudha , Gajbhiye Amar , Sarnobat Sandeep 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAssessment of alternate fuel is categorized on thermophysical aspects and performance—emission derived due to its combustion. Data derived from such analysis is short as the energy expenditure to available chemical exergy of fuel is rarely studied. The study of energy derived from fuel energy gives a detailed picture of fuel efficiency and broadens the field of fuel search criteria. The current article aims to find the thermodynamic effects in terms of energy and exergy utilization of neem biodiesel blends and nickel oxide nano additive dosed neem biodiesel blends. Neem biodiesel was transesterified using standard procedures and analyzed using gas chromatography and mass spectroscopy. Later, neem biodiesel was blended with diesel in three volumetric proportions, that is, NB25, NB50, NB75, and pure Neem Oil Methyl ester was investigated as an engine fuel, and later synthesized nickel oxide nano additives of 25 mg/L was added to all the above fuels and further studied for energy, exergy utilization on a TV‐1 VCR engine test rig under varying engine CR. Nickel oxide additives were manufactured using homogenous addition method and were thoroughly studied for formation and presence of constituents using XRD, FE‐SEM, and EDS methods. The usage of nano additives does prove reduction in exergy destruction and entropy generation for NB25 base blend with 25 mg/L NiO leading to a reduction of 8.2% and 9.7% when compared to base blends. Also, the emission found for hydrocarbon, and carbon monoxide for all base fuel blends reduced by an average of 16.8% and 7.35%.
The ETO2 transcriptional cofactor maintains acute leukemia by driving a MYB/EP300‐dependent stemness program
Authors: Fagnan Alexandre , Aid Zakia , Baille Marie , Drakul Aneta , Robert Elie , Lopez Cécile K. , Thirant Cécile , Lecluse Yann , Rivière Julie , Ignacimouttou Cathy , Salmoiraghi Silvia , Anguita Eduardo , Naimo Audrey , Marzac Christophe , Pflumio Françoise , Malinge Sébastien , Wichmann Christian , Huang Yun , Lobry Camille , Chaumeil Julie , Soler Eric , Bourquin Jean‐Pierre , Nerlov Claus , Bernard Olivier A. , Schwaller Juerg , Mercher Thomas 
Published: June 2024

AbstractTranscriptional cofactors of the ETO family are recurrent fusion partners in acute leukemia. We characterized the ETO2 regulome by integrating transcriptomic and chromatin binding analyses in human erythroleukemia xenografts and controlled ETO2 depletion models. We demonstrate that beyond its well‐established repressive activity, ETO2 directly activates transcription of MYB, among other genes. The ETO2‐activated signature is associated with a poorer prognosis in erythroleukemia but also in other acute myeloid and lymphoid leukemia subtypes. Mechanistically, ETO2 colocalizes with EP300 and MYB at enhancers supporting the existence of an ETO2/MYB feedforward transcription activation loop (e.g., on MYB itself). Both small‐molecule and PROTAC‐mediated inhibition of EP300 acetyltransferases strongly reduced ETO2 protein, chromatin binding, and ETO2‐activated transcripts. Taken together, our data show that ETO2 positively enforces a leukemia maintenance program that is mediated in part by the MYB transcription factor and that relies on acetyltransferase cofactors to stabilize ETO2 scaffolding activity.
An interprofessional model of care for adolescents with perinatal HIV: A qualitative study
Authors: Comley‐White Nicolette , Ntsiea Veronica , Potterton Joanne 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackground and AimsThe number of perinatally HIV‐infected adolescents (PHIVA) is increasing however many health care systems are not prepared for this population and their health challenges, specifically a model of care (MoC) is lacking. Thus the objective of this study was to develop and propose a MoC for PHIVA.MethodsThrough a qualitative study design, a MoC was developed and ratified with two focus groups, consisting of PHIVA and healthcare professionals.ResultsSeven participants were included in each focus group and the following themes were developed: relatable attributes; missing components; implementation and suggestions. Changes were made to the drafts of the MoC in response to the focus group results, leading to the finalisation of a MoC for PHIVA. The MoC focused on the importance of interprofessional health care and addressed the physical sequelae that PHIVA are likely to encounter. A schematic of the MoC was created for the use in general public education.ConclusionIt is important that healthcare facilities are equipped to handle the specific needs of PHIVA. The interprofessional MoC developed in this study helps to address the requirements of this population.
Efficacy and safety of remimazolam versus propofol for intraoperative sedation during regional anesthesia: A phase II, multicenter, randomized, active‐controlled, single‐blind clinical trial
Authors: Li Ting‐Ting , Yin Lu , Huang Yue‐Xin , Wang Xiu‐Hong , Wei Yan‐Huan , Wang Yong , Yang Shi‐Wei , Cunha Genoveva B. da Graca , Liu Fei 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of remimazolam for intraoperative sedation during regional anesthesia. It was a phase II‐multicenter, randomized, single‐blind, parallel‐group, active‐controlled clinical trial (No. ChiCTR2100054956). From May 6, 2021 to July 4, 2021, patients were randomly enrolled from 17 hospitals in China. A total of 105 patients aged 18–65 years who underwent selective surgery under regional anesthesia were included. Patients received different sedatives with different dosages: 0.1 mg/kg remimazolam (HR), 0.05 mg/kg remimazolam (LR), or 1.0 mg/kg propofol (P) group, followed by a maintenance infusion. Main outcome measures included the efficacy of sedation measured by Modified Observer's Assessment of Alertness/Sedation Scale (MOAA/S) levels (1–4, 1–3, 2–3, 3, and 2–4) during the sedation procedure (the duration percentage) and incidence of adverse reactions. It showed that the duration percentage of MOAA/S levels 1–4 was 100.0 [8.1]% (median [interquartile range]), 89.9 [20.2]%, 100.0 [7.7]% in the HR, LR, and P groups, respectively. The percentage of patients in the HR, LR, and P groups who achieved MOAA/S levels 1–4 within 3 min after administration was 85.7%, 58.8%, and 82.9%, respectively. However, the time to recovery from anesthesia after withdrawal of sedatives (7.9 ± 5.7 min), incidence of anterograde amnesia (75%), and adverse effects were not statistically significant among the three groups. These findings suggest that a loading dose of remimazolam 0.1 mg/kg followed by a maintenance infusion of 0–3 mg/kg/h provides adequate sedation for patients under regional anesthesia without increasing adverse reactions.