bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Unravelling the obesity maze in diabetic patients: A comparative analysis of classification methods
Authors: Yogesh M , Mody Mansi , Makwana Naresh , Shah Samyak , Patel Jenish , Rabadiya Samarth 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
Obesity is a significant health concern among individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Emerging evidence suggests that alternative measures, such as abdominal girth (AG) and body fat percentage (BF%), can provide a more accurate reflection of obesity-related metabolic risks in diabetic populations. This study aimed to compare the accuracy of different obesity classification methods, including BMI, AG, and BF%, among individuals with T2DM.

Methodology:
This was an observational cross-sectional study conducted among T2DM patients who came to the non-communicable diseases clinic of GG Govt Hospital, Jamnagar, Gujarat during the period of March–April 2023. Demographic and anthropometric information was collected. Body fat analysis was done using a validated Omron fat analyzer.

Results:
The study found the sensitivity of BMI in males and females as 41.6% and 45% against BF%, respectively. It also showed that the sensitivity of BMI in males and females was 38% and 40.7%, respectively, against AG. The present study also found a moderate positive correlation (r = 0.575) between AG and BF% in individuals with T2DM.

Conclusion:
The findings indicate that BF% and AG provide valuable insights into adiposity, surpassing the limitations of BMI as a measure of body composition. BF% is an indicator of body fat content, whereas AG serves as a proxy for central adiposity. The correlations between BF% and AG suggest that excess abdominal fat accumulation signifies increased body fat. By incorporating measures such as BF% and AG alongside BMI, clinicians can obtain a more comprehensive understanding of body composition and its relationship with metabolic abnormalities.
Effects of teenage pregnancies on the health, nutrition, and development of first-born children: A community-based comparative study in a rural district at Bhopal
Authors: Swami Divya , Rao Paluvadi Venkata Prakasa 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
The global problem of teenage pregnancy affects health of the young mother as well as health of the baby to be born. Being both a medical and public health problem, teenage mothers as well as their children are considered as high-risk groups. Current research work is a community-based comparative study to understand the consequences of teenage pregnancy on the health, nutrition, and developmental milestones of the first-born children.

Methods:
Three parameters, namely, fetal outcome, birth weight of the baby, and child’s milestones of development, were chosen to analyze the effects of teenage pregnancy on the first-born child. Mothers in a rural district at Bhopal were interviewed and then classified into two groups based on their age – teenage and non-teenage mothers.

Results:
The child of teenage mothers had 16% less chances of having birth weight >2.5 kg in comparison to the child of non-teenage mothers. A significant statistical difference in the fetal outcome (teenage mothers vs non-teenage mothers) was observed with a P value of 0.0008. Live births were 80.77% (63) in teenage mothers against 97.44% (76) in non-teenage mothers, whereas a low birth weight (LBW) of <1.5 kg was 5.35 times more in the teenage group.

Conclusion:
First-born children of non-teenage mothers were found to be healthier compared to those of the teenage mothers; teenage pregnancy has adverse effects on the health, nutrition, and development of the first-born children and may lead to problems such as still births, LBW, and pre-mature child birth.
Assessment of nomophobia and its determinants among adults and adolescents in Semi-urban Chennai
Authors: Balamurugan Vinodhini , Ravi Abinaya , Mer Hetal Tejas , Chellamuthu Lalithambigai , Devarasu Usha , Balamurugan Karthik 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
The mobile phone has evolved into an indispensable accessory carried by everyone. With its increasing usage, there is a parallel rise in mobile phone addictions. Nomophobia, short for no mobile phone phobia, is characterized as a fear specific to the absence of mobile phones.

Objectives:
(1) To assess the prevalence of nomophobia among adolescents and adults residing in semi-urban Chennai. (2) To understand the patterns of mobile phone usage and explore the health-related consequences of nomophobia.

Methods:
This cross-sectional study was conducted among adolescents and adults (15–50 years) in semi-urban Chennai from July to September 2022. The sample size was 220, and the study utilized the Test of Mobile Phone Dependence Brief as an assessment tool. Participants scoring >30 were identified as nomophobic, indicating mobile phone dependence.

Results:
Among the 220 study participants, there was an almost equal distribution between males and females, with a majority falling within the 21–25 age group. Approximately 26.1% belonged to the upper middle class and 89.1% were married. The prevalence of nomophobia was notably high at 68.6% (151 out of 220). A significant association was found between social class and mobile phone addiction, with the middle class exhibiting higher levels of addiction.

Conclusion:
The study highlights that a substantial majority of adults exhibit mobile phone addiction, almost two-thirds of the participants. There is a pressing need for health awareness programmes targeting adults to educate them about the adverse effects of mobile phone addiction. Additionally, reinforcing strategies for effective and time-restricted mobile phone usage is essential.
Prevalence of impacted and transmigrated canines in orthodontic patients – A radiographic study
Authors: Kaur Sukhpal , Prashar Anil , Arora Vishal Kumar , Singh Tejveer , Sethi Oshin , Malhi Ravneet , Gambhir Ramandeep Singh 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
The canine plays a vital role in dentofacial aesthetics and function. It supports the base of the alar and upper lip, which are crucial for smile aesthetics. When impacted, these functions are lost, leading to low self-esteem and overall poor health-related quality of life. The present study was conducted to find the prevalence of impacted and transmigrated canines in orthodontic patients and also to find the most prevalent type of canine impaction.

Materials and Methods:
This retrospective study was conducted in a hospital setting at Dental College. A total of 3050 OPGs (Orthopantomagram) of patients who visited dental hospitals for orthodontic treatment constituted the final sample. Demographic details regarding age, gender, and place of residence were collected from the patients. Evaluation of sample radiographs on the standard light box was performed to collect data regarding impacted and transmigrated canines. Statistical analysis was performed using descriptive statistics and Chi-square test.

Results:
Prevalence of impacted canine was found to be 2.46%. Impacted canine prevalence of 1.53% and 2.85% was reported in males and females, respectively. Only two female patients had transmigrated mandibular impacted canines. Comparison of arch showed a statistically significant (P value 0.02) higher prevalence in the maxillary arch, which was 1.54%, and in the mandibular arch, it was 0.92%. The present study reported significantly more unilateral impactions (P value 0.00) than bilateral impactions.

Conclusion:
The overall prevalence for impacted canine was 2.46%. Prevalence was higher in female patients. Early diagnosis of impacted canines is vital for planning orthodontic treatment in such patients.
Efficacy comparison of fruquintinib, regorafenib monotherapy or plus programmed death-1 inhibitors for microsatellite stable metastatic colorectal cancer
Authors: An Tian-Qi , Qiu Hui , Zhou Quan-Bo , Zong Hong , Hu Shuang , Lian Yu-Gui , Zhao Rui-Hua 
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND
Regorafenib (R) and fruquintinib (F) are the standard third-line regimens for colorectal cancer (CRC) according to the National Comprehensive Cancer Network guidelines, but both have limited efficacy. Several phase 2 trials have indicated that R or F combined with immune checkpoint inhibitors can reverse immunosuppression and achieve promising efficacy for microsatellite stable or proficient mismatch repair (MSS/pMMR ) CRC. Due to the lack of studies comparing the efficacy between F, R, F plus programmed death-1 (PD-1 ) inhibitor, and R plus PD-1 inhibitors (RP), it is still unclear whether the combination therapy is more effective than monotherapy.
AIM
To provide critical evidence for selecting the appropriate drugs for MSS/pMMR metastatic CRC (mCRC) patients in clinical practice.
METHODS
A total of 2639 CRC patients were enrolled from January 2018 to September 2022 in our hospital, and 313 MSS/pMMR mCRC patients were finally included.
RESULTS
A total of 313 eligible patients were divided into F (n = 70), R (n = 67), F plus PD-1 inhibitor (FP) (n = 95) and RP (n = 81) groups. The key clinical characteristics were well balanced among the groups. The median progression-free survival (PFS) of the F, R, FP, and RP groups was 3.5 months, 3.6 months, 4.9 months, and 3.0 months, respectively. The median overall survival (OS) was 14.6 months, 15.7 months, 16.7 months, and 14.1 months. The FP regimen had an improved disease control rate (DCR) (P = 0.044) and 6-month PFS (P = 0.014) and exhibited a better trend in PFS (P = 0.057) compared with F, and it was also significantly better in PFS than RP (P = 0.030). RP did not confer a significant survival benefit; instead, the R group had a trend toward greater benefit with OS (P = 0.080) compared with RP. No significant differences were observed between the R and F groups in PFS or OS (P > 0.05).
CONCLUSION
FP is superior to F in achieving 6-month PFS and DCR, while RP is not better than R. FP has an improved PFS and 6-month PFS compared with RP, but F and R had similar clinical efficacy. Therefore, FP may be a highly promising strategy in the treatment of MSS/pMMR mCRC.
Aspirin suppresses hepatocellular carcinoma progression by inhibiting platelet activity
Authors: Zhao Li-Jun , Wang Zhi-Yin , Liu Wei-Ting , Yu Li-Li , Qi Hao-Nan , Ren Jie , Zhang Chen-Guang 
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common malignant liver disease in the world. Platelets (PLTs) are known to play a key role in the maintenance of liver homeostasis and the pathophysiological processes of a variety of liver diseases. Aspirin is the most classic antiplatelet agent. However, the molecular mechanism of platelet action and whether aspirin can affect HCC progression by inhibiting platelet activity need further study.
AIM
To explore the impact of the antiplatelet effect of aspirin on the development of HCC.
METHODS
Platelet-rich plasma, platelet plasma, pure platelet, and platelet lysate were prepared, and a coculture model of PLTs and HCC cells was established. CCK-8 analysis, apoptosis analysis, Transwell analysis, and real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) were used to analyze the effects of PLTs on the growth, metastasis, and inflammatory microenvironment of HCC. RT-PCR and Western blot were used to detect the effects of platelet activation on tumor-related signaling pathways. Aspirin was used to block the activation and aggregation of PLTs both in vitro and in vivo , and the effect of PLTs on the progression of HCC was detected.
RESULTS
PLTs significantly promoted the growth, invasion, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and formation of an inflammatory microenvironment in HCC cells. Activated PLTs promoted HCC progression by activating the mitogen-activated protein kinase/protein kinase B/signal transducer and activator of transcription three (MAPK/ AKT/STAT3) signaling axis. Additionally, aspirin inhibited HCC progression in vitro and in vivo by inhibiting platelet activation.
CONCLUSION
PLTs play an important role in the pathogenesis of HCC, and aspirin can affect HCC progression by inhibiting platelet activity. These results suggest that antiplatelet therapy has promising application prospects in the treatment and combined treatment of HCC.
Circ_0004592: An auxiliary diagnostic biomarker for gastric cancer
Authors: Kong Shan , Xu Yan-Hua , Zheng Ming , Ju Shao-Qing , Shi Heng-Chuan 
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND
Gastric cancer (GC) has a high mortality rate, and robust diagnostic biomarkers are currently lacking. However, the clinical relevance of circular RNAs (circRNAs) as GC biomarkers remains largely unexplored.
AIM
To evaluate the potential of novel circRNA circ_0004592 in the early screening and prognosis of GC.
METHODS
High-throughput sequencing of circRNAs was performed to screen for potential target molecules. Circ_0004592 expression was examined in GC tissues, cells, and plasma. Plasma samples were collected from healthy subjects’ patients, as well as from patients with benign lesions, precancerous lesions, and GC, whereafter the diagnostic accuracy of circ_0004592 was evaluated. The correlation between circ_0004592 levels in plasma and clinicopathological data of patients with GC was further analyzed.
RESULTS
Circ_0004592 was upregulated in both the tissue and plasma of patients with GC. Further, circ_0004592 expression was higher in patients with precancerous lesions than in healthy controls while being highest in patients with GC. In the same patient, the postoperative plasma level of circ_0004592 was lower than that in the preoperative period. Moreover, circ_0004592 level was significantly correlated with tumor differentiation, tumor depth, and lymph node metastasis. The area under the curve (AUC) of plasma circ_0004592 exhibited high sensitivity and specificity for differentiating patients with GC from healthy donors. Diagnosis based on circ_0004592, carcinoembryonic antigen, and cancer antigen 199 achieved a superior AUC and was highly sensitive.
CONCLUSION
Plasma circ_0004592 may represent a potential non-invasive auxiliary diagnostic biomarker for patients with GC.
Pleomorphic leiomyosarcoma of the maxilla with metastasis to the colon: A case report
Authors: Alnajjar Asma , Alfadda Abdulrahman , Alqaraawi Abdullah Mohammad , Alajlan Bader , Atallah Jean Paul , AlHussaini Hussah Fahad 
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND
Pleomorphic leiomyosarcomas make up around 8.6% of all leiomyosarcomas. They behave aggressively and often have poor prognoses. They can affect the gastrointestinal tract and retroperitoneum. To date, pleomorphic leiomyosarcoma involving the mesocolon have been reported in nine patients.
CASE SUMMARY
The patient was a 44-year-old man with a history of pleomorphic leiomyosarcoma of the left maxilla with metastasis to the lung and liver. His most recent positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET-CT) scan showed uptake in the ascending and transverse colons. A colonoscopy revealed a 5.0 cm × 3.5 cm × 3.0 cm pedunculated polyp in the ascending colon. The polyp was removed using hot snare polypectomy technique and retrieved with Rothnet. Histopathologic examination of the polyp showed a metastatic pleomorphic leiomyosarcoma.
CONCLUSION
Uptake(s) on PET-CT in a patient with pleomorphic leiomyosarcoma should raise suspicion for metastasis.
A Comprehensive Exploration of Lecturer’s Written Corrective Feedback on Students’ Counterargument Paragraphs in Enhancing Argumentative Writing Proficiency
Authors: Arrosyidah Himma Jihadiah , Munir Ahmad , Mustofa Ali 
Published: June 2024

Objective: This study delved into the methods employed by lecturers when offering feedback on argumentative essays authored by students. It particularly emphasized examining the feedback mechanism about counterargument paragraphs within these essays. Method: The research utilized a qualitative method to delve into the feedback provided by the lecturer on students' argumentative essays. This involved thoroughly exploring the various types of feedback imparted by the lecturer. Additionally, document analysis served as the primary means of data collection, enabling a comprehensive examination of written feedback and its nuance. Results: The results emphasize the importance of feedback in improving writing skills and suggest that lecturers should continue to give clear and direct feedback. Novelty: In the context of existing literature on lecturer's written corrective feedback, this study provides valuable insights into students' argumentative writing dynamics. It highlights the significance of using clear feedback to enhance writing skills, benefiting lecturers and students in academic writing. Additionally, feedback on counterarguments could increase writing proficiency since it is usually the weakest point.
Digital Literacy Training: Its Impact on Teachers in Busoga Region, Eastern Uganda
Authors: Okoed Martin , Bileti Emmanuel Acidri 
Published: June 2024

Objective: This study evaluated the impact of digital literacy training on teachers in Busoga region, Eastern Uganda. Specifically, it assessed the impact of digital literacy training on teachers' skills and knowledge, evaluated facilitators' effectiveness in delivering the training program, and investigated teachers' proposals for promoting ICT integration in secondary schools. Method: A convergent parallel mixed methods design was used; data was collected from 300 teachers through online questionnaires and focus group discussions. Results: It was revealed that the digital literacy training very positively impacted the skills/knowledge of teachers in the Busoga Region. Furthermore, the result indicated high satisfaction with the facilitators' skills and responsiveness. Finally, teachers proposed the need for infrastructure enhancement, capacity building, resource provision, connectivity, and incorporation of ICT tools like smartphones, laptops, and projectors in teaching and learning. Novelty: This study contributes valuable empirical insights to the discourse on digital literacy training, stressing its role in fostering effective teaching practices. As technology continues to evolve, understanding its nuanced impact on teachers becomes increasingly crucial for shaping the future of education.
STATE OF SURGICAL CARE FOR NEWBORNS IN THE SITY OF ASTRAKHAN
Authors: Жидовинов А.А. , Пермяков П.Е. , Гончарова Л.А. , Юнусова А.М. , Чукарев С.В. , Молев Д.А. , Кузьмин В.Н. , Гущина С.Т. 
Published: June 2024

Организация хирургической помощи новорожденным значительно влияет на эффективность лечения врожденной патологии перинатального периода. Хирургическая помощь новорожденным – важнейший раздел перинатальной медицины. Это обусловлено большим количеством врожденной патологии, требующей неотложного хирургического вмешательства. Цель – повысить эффективность лечения хирургической патологии новорожденных г. Астрахани. Материал и методы. В специализированном хирургическом блоке структурного подразделения № 2 ОДКБ им. Н.Н. Силищевой г. Астрахани за период с 2020 по 2022 г. под наблюдением находились 74 новорожденных с различной врожден‑ ной хирургической патологией. Результаты. Приведены результаты работы отделения хирургии новорожденных ОДКБ им. Н.Н. Силищевой г. Астра‑ хани, определены наиболее часто встречавшиеся заболевания, описаны виды хирургических пособий. В исследуемой группе детей преобладали врожденные пороки развития желудочно-кишечного тракта – 59 (79,7%) случаев. Проведено 78 оперативных вмешательств, из них в 31 случае операции выполнены с помощью эндоскопического доступа. Заключение. Сделан вывод об эффективности внедрения высокотехнологичных хирургических вмешательств в условиях активного взаимодействия со службами родовспоможения в специализированном отделении.
The organization of surgical care for newborns significantly affects the effectiveness of treatment of congenital pathology of the perinatal period. Surgical care for newborns is the most important section of perinatal medicine. This is due to a large number of congenital pathologies requiring urgent surgical intervention. Purpose – to increase the effectiveness of the treatment of surgical pathology of newborns in Astrakhan. Material and methods. In the specialized surgical block of the structural unit No. 2 of the N.N. Silishchevа Regional Children’s Clinical Hospital in Astrakhan for the period from 2020 to 2022, 74 newborns with various congenital surgical pathologies were under observation. Results. The article presents the results of the work of the Department of Neonatal Surgery in the N.N. Silishchevа Regional Children’s Clinical Hospital in Astrakhan, identifies the most common diseases, describes the types of surgical aids. In the study group of children, congenital malformations of the gastrointestinal tract prevailed – 59 (79.7%) cases. 78 surgical interventions were performed, of which 31 operations were performed using endoscopic access. Conclusion. The conclusion is made about the effectiveness of the introduction of high-tech surgical interventions in conditions of active interaction with maternity services in a specialized department.
IMPACTO DE LA COVID-19 EN PACIENTES CON INSUFICIENCIA RENAL: PREVALENCIA, MORTALIDAD Y SECUELAS
Authors: Parrales Castro Helen Yamileth 
Published: June 2024

Según la Organización Mundial de la Salud la enfermedad COVID-19 que es causada por el nuevo coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, es una enfermedad infecciosa. La COVID-19 ha tenido un impacto significativo en pacientes con insuficiencia renal, aumentando su vulnerabilidad a la infección, la gravedad de la enfermedad y el riesgo de complicaciones a largo plazo. Es por ello que este trabajo tiene como objetivo Analizar de manera integral el impacto de la COVID-19 en pacientes con insuficiencia renal, abordando su prevalencia, mortalidad y secuelas. La investigación tiene un diseño de tipo documental con un alcance explicativo basado en la búsqueda de información en relación al estudio, para la búsqueda se utilizaron bases de datos científicas derivados de: PubMed, SciELO, Elsevier, Scopus, Latindex, en las cuales se utilizaron los términos MeSH como: “Insuficiencia Renal”, “Renal Insuficiency, “Coronavirus Covid-19. solo 100 artículos fueron de utilidad para el estudio. Sin embargo, solo 35 artículos científicos resultaron de alto impacto para el desarrollo de los objetivos. En los resultados se puede evidenciar que esta enfermedad está asociada con altas tasas de problemas renales que son derivados de esta patología, de igual manera las principales secuelas post Covid-19 en pacientes con insuficiencia renal, evidencian diálisis, proteinuria, glomerulopatía colapsante, membranosa y terapia de transplante renal. Por último, también se evidencia que la prevalencia en estos pacientes vulnerables es alta, así mismo existió en este estudio una tasa elevada de mortalidad en pacientes renales con Covid-19.
ACOMPAÑAMIENTO DE LA FAMILIA EN EL PROCESO DE ENSEÑANZA – APRENDIZAJE DE LOS ESTUDIANTES DE BACHILLERATO
Authors: Loor Cesar , Quijije Rios María Alexandra , Macías Solórzano Jennifer Valeria , Osorio Palacios Ana María 
Published: June 2024

Investigaciones recientes han destacado la importancia del papel de la familia y los docentes en este proceso, así como la falta de colaboración entre ambas partes debido a la falta de comprensión de roles y necesidades. En este contexto, se identifica como problema científico la deficiente implicación de la familia en el proceso educativo en la Unidad Educativa Fiscal "Autónomo de Manabí". El objetivo general es diseñar una estrategia metodológica de acompañamiento familiar para fortalecer el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje en estudiantes de bachillerato e involucrar a las familias en el proceso educativo de sus hijos. Esta estrategia se basa en la investigación y el análisis detallados de los requisitos y contextos específicos de la comunidad educativa. Además, los expertos han evaluado la estrategia metodológica para asegurarse de que sea viable y relevante en el ámbito educativo. La metodología integra enfoques cualitativos y cuantitativos mediante el uso de herramientas como encuestas y entrevistas. La investigación tiene como objetivo mejorar la relación entre la familia y la escuela mediante la creación de un entorno que apoye el aprendizaje de los estudiantes de bachillerato.