bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The role of planum temporale in processing accent variation in spoken language comprehension
Authors: Adank Patti , Noordzij Matthijs L. , Hagoort Peter 
Published: March 2011

AbstractA repetition–suppression functional magnetic resonance imaging paradigm was used to explore the neuroanatomical substrates of processing two types of acoustic variation—speaker and accent—during spoken sentence comprehension. Recordings were made for two speakers and two accents: Standard Dutch and a novel accent of Dutch. Each speaker produced sentences in both accents. Participants listened to two sentences presented in quick succession while their haemodynamic responses were recorded in an MR scanner. The first sentence was spoken in Standard Dutch; the second was spoken by the same or a different speaker and produced in Standard Dutch or in the artificial accent. This design made it possible to identify neural responses to a switch in speaker and accent independently. A switch in accent was associated with activations in predominantly left‐lateralized areas including posterior temporal regions, including superior temporal gyrus, planum temporale (PT), and supramarginal gyrus, as well as in frontal regions, including left pars opercularis of the inferior frontal gyrus (IFG). A switch in speaker recruited a predominantly right‐lateralized network, including middle frontal gyrus and prenuneus. It is concluded that posterior temporal areas, including PT, and frontal areas, including IFG, are involved in processing accent variation in spoken sentence comprehension. Hum Brain Mapp, 2012. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The human dorsal premotor cortex facilitates the excitability of ipsilateral primary motor cortex via a short latency cortico‐cortical route
Authors: Groppa Sergiu , Schlaak Boris H. , Münchau Alexander , Werner‐Petroll Nicole , Dünnweber Janin , Bäumer Tobias , van Nuenen Bart F.L. , Siebner Hartwig R. 
Published: March 2011

AbstractIn non‐human primates, invasive tracing and electrostimulation studies have identified strong ipsilateral cortico‐cortical connections between dorsal premotor‐ (PMd) and the primary motor cortex (M1HAND). Here, we applied dual‐site transcranial magnetic stimulation (dsTMS) to left PMd and M1HAND through specifically designed minicoils to selectively probe ipsilateral PMd‐to‐M1HAND connectivity in humans. A suprathreshold test stimulus (TS) was applied to M1HAND producing a motor evoked potential (MEP) of about 0.5 mV in the relaxed right first dorsal interosseus muscle (FDI). A subthreshold conditioning stimulus (CS) was given to PMd 2.0–5.2 ms after the TS at intensities of 50‐, 70‐, or 90% of TS. The CS to PMd facilitated the MEP evoked by TS over M1HAND at interstimulus intervals (ISI) of 2.4 or 2.8 ms. There was a second facilitatory peak at ISI of 4.4 ms. PMd‐to‐M1HAND facilitation did not change as a function of CS intensity. Even at higher intensities, the CS alone failed to elicit a MEP or a cortical silent period in the pre‐activated FDI, excluding a direct spread of excitation from PMd to M1HAND. No MEP facilitation was present while CS was applied rostrally over lateral prefrontal cortex. Together our results indicate that our dsTMS paradigm probes a short‐latency facilitatory PMd‐to‐M1HAND pathway. The temporal pattern of MEP facilitation suggests a PMd‐to‐M1HAND route that targets intracortical M1HAND circuits involved in the generation of indirect corticospinal volleys. This paradigm opens up new possibilities to study context‐dependent intrahemispheric PMd‐to‐M1HAND interactions in the intact human brain. Hum Brain Mapp, 2012. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Brain regions involved in human movement perception: A quantitative voxel‐based meta‐analysis
Authors: Grosbras Marie‐Hélène , Beaton Susan , Eickhoff Simon B. 
Published: March 2011

AbstractFace, hands, and body movements are powerful signals essential for social interactions. In the last 2 decades, a large number of brain imaging studies have explored the neural correlates of the perception of these signals. Formal synthesis is crucially needed, however, to extract the key circuits involved in human motion perception across the variety of paradigms and stimuli that have been used. Here, we used the activation likelihood estimation (ALE) meta‐analysis approach with random effect analysis. We performed meta‐analyses on three classes of biological motion: movement of the whole body, hands, and face. Additional analyses of studies of static faces or body stimuli and sub‐analyses grouping experiments as a function of their control stimuli or task employed allowed us to identify main effects of movements and forms perception, as well as effects of task demand. In addition to specific features, all conditions showed convergence in occipito‐temporal and fronto‐parietal regions, but with different peak location and extent. The conjunction of the three ALE maps revealed convergence in all categories in a region of the right posterior superior temporal sulcus as well as in a bilateral region at the junction between middle temporal and lateral occipital gyri. Activation in these regions was not a function of attentional demand and was significant also when controlling for non‐specific motion perception. This quantitative synthesis points towards a special role for posterior superior temporal sulcus for integrating human movement percept, and supports a specific representation for body parts in middle temporal, fusiform, precentral, and parietal areas. Hum Brain Mapp, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Effect of scanner in longitudinal diffusion tensor imaging studies
Authors: Takao Hidemasa , Hayashi Naoto , Kabasawa Hiroyuki , Ohtomo Kuni 
Published: March 2011

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of longitudinal drift in scanner hardware, inter‐scanner variability (bias), and scanner upgrade on longitudinal changes in global and regional diffusion properties using longitudinal data obtained on two scanners of the exact same model at one institution. A total of 224 normal subjects were scanned twice, at an interval of about 1 year, using two 3.0‐T scanners of the exact same model. Both scanners were simultaneously upgraded during the study period. The subjects were divided into four groups according to the combination of scanners used. With use of tract‐based spatial statistics, we evaluated the effects of scanner drift and inter‐scanner variability (bias) on global and regional fractional anisotropy (FA), axial diffusivity (AD), and radial diffusivity (RD) changes of the white matter. Even with scanners of the exact same model, inter‐scanner variability (bias) significantly affected longitudinal results. FA, AD, and RD of the white matter were relatively stable within the same scanner. We also investigated the effect of scanner upgrade on longitudinal FA, AD, and RD changes. The scanner upgrade included only software upgrade, not hardware upgrade; however, there was a significant effect of scanner upgrade on longitudinal results. These results indicate that inter‐scanner variability and scanner upgrade can significantly affect the results of longitudinal diffusion tensor imaging studies. Hum Brain Mapp, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Age‐related changes in topological organization of structural brain networks in healthy individuals
Authors: Wu Kai , Taki Yasuyuki , Sato Kazunori , Kinomura Shigeo , Goto Ryoi , Okada Ken , Kawashima Ryuta , He Yong , Evans Alan C. , Fukuda Hiroshi 
Published: March 2011

AbstractThe aim of this study was to examine structural brain networks using regional gray matter volume, as well as to investigate changes in small‐world and modular organization with normal aging. We constructed structural brain networks composed of 90 regions in young, middle, and old age groups. We randomly selected 350 healthy subjects for each group from a Japanese magnetic resonance image database. Structural brain networks in three age groups showed economical small‐world properties, providing high global and local efficiency for parallel information processing at low connection cost. The small‐world efficiency and node betweenness varied significantly and revealed a U‐ or inverted U‐curve model tendency among three age groups. Results also demonstrated that structural brain networks exhibited a modular organization in which the connections between regions are much denser within modules than between them. The modular organization of structural brain networks was similar between the young and middle age groups, but quite different from the old group. In particular, the old group showed a notable decrease in the connector ratio and the intermodule connections. Combining the results of small‐world efficiency, node betweenness and modular organization, we concluded that the brain network changed slightly, developing into a more distributed organization from young to middle age. The organization eventually altered greatly, shifting to a more localized organization in old age. Our findings provided quantitative insights into topological principles of structural brain networks and changes related to normal aging. Hum Brain Mapp, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Challenging a decade of brain research on task switching: Brain activation in the task‐switching paradigm reflects adaptation rather than reconfiguration of task sets
Authors: De Baene Wouter , Kühn Simone , Brass Marcel 
Published: March 2011

AbstractIn daily life, we permanently need to adapt our behavior to new task situations, requiring cognitive control. Such adaptive processes are commonly investigated with the task‐switching paradigm. Many fMRI studies have interpreted stronger activation for switch than repeat trials in fronto‐parietal brain areas as reflecting an active reconfiguration process in switch trials, tuning the cognitive system for proper task execution. From the single cell literature, however, one could deduce the alternative interpretation that switch‐specific activity reflects reduced brain activity in repeat trials due to adaptation. These alternative explanations cannot be distinguished by simply comparing brain activity in switch and repeat trials. Therefore, we used a parametric approach to examine which interpretation is more powerful to account for the data. In all areas of the fronto‐parietal network, adaptation explained the data better than reconfiguration. Therefore, our results call the classical reconfiguration interpretation into question and provide first evidence for adaptation of abstract task representations. Hum Brain Mapp, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Dissociable neural imprints of perception and grammar in auditory functional imaging
Authors: Herrmann Björn , Obleser Jonas , Kalberlah Christian , Haynes John‐Dylan , Friederici Angela D. 
Published: March 2011

AbstractIn language processing, the relative contribution of early sensory and higher cognitive brain areas is still an open issue. A recent controversial hypothesis proposes that sensory cortices show sensitivity to syntactic processes, whereas other studies suggest a wider neural network outside sensory regions. The goal of the current event‐related fMRI study is to clarify the contribution of sensory cortices in auditory syntactic processing in a 2 × 2 design. Two‐word utterances were presented auditorily and varied both in perceptual markedness (presence or absence of an overt word category marking “‐t”), and in grammaticality (syntactically correct or incorrect). A multivariate pattern classification approach was applied to the data, flanked by conventional cognitive subtraction analyses. The combination of methods and the 2 × 2 design revealed a clear picture: The cognitive subtraction analysis found initial syntactic processing signatures in a neural network including the left IFG, the left aSTG, the left superior temporal sulcus (STS), as well as the right STS/STG. Classification of local multivariate patterns indicated the left‐hemispheric regions in IFG, aSTG, and STS to be more syntax‐specific than the right‐hemispheric regions. Importantly, auditory sensory cortices were only sensitive to the overt perceptual marking, but not to the grammaticality, speaking against syntax‐inflicted sensory cortex modulations. Instead, our data provide clear evidence for a distinction between regions involved in pure perceptual processes and regions involved in initial syntactic processes. Hum Brain Mapp, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Altered motor network recruitment during finger tapping in boys with tourette syndrome
Authors: Roessner Veit , Wittfoth Matthias , Schmidt‐Samoa Carsten , Rothenberger Aribert , Dechent Peter , Baudewig Jürgen 
Published: March 2011

AbstractIn Tourette syndrome (TS), not only the tics but also the findings on deficits in motor performance indicate motor system alterations. But our knowledge about the pathophysiology of the motor system in TS is still limited. To better understand the neuronal correlates of motor performance in TS, 19 treatment‐naïve boys [age 12.5 (SD 1.4) years] with TS without comorbid symptomatology were compared to an age‐matched healthy control group [n = 16; age 12.9 (SD 1.6) years] in regard to brain activation during right‐hand index finger tapping by means of functional magnetic resonance imaging. Group differences were found mainly in the left (contralateral) precentral gyrus, which was less activated in boys suffering from TS and in caudate nucleus as well as in medial prefrontal cortex, which was more activated compared to healthy boys. These results show that even in the first years after the onset of the disorder, an altered brain network of motor performance is recruited. These alterations in brain regions frequently associated with TS are probably based on functional changes, which are discussed in terms of early compensatory mechanisms of the motor execution network. Hum Brain Mapp, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Effects of morphine and alcohol on functional brain connectivity during “resting state”:A placebo‐controlled crossover study in healthy young men
Authors: Khalili‐Mahani Najmeh , Zoethout Remco M.W. , Beckmann Christian F. , Baerends Evelinda , de Kam Marieke L. , Soeter Roelof P. , Dahan Albert , van Buchem Mark A. , van Gerven Joop M.A. , Rombouts Serge A.R.B. 
Published: March 2011

AbstractA major challenge in central nervous system (CNS) drug research is to develop a generally applicable methodology for repeated measurements of drug effects on the entire CNS, without task‐related interactions and a priori models. For this reason, data‐driven resting‐state fMRI methods are promising for pharmacological research. This study aimed to investigate whether different psychoactive substances cause drug‐specific effects in functional brain connectivity during resting‐state. In this double blind placebo‐controlled (double dummy) crossover study, seven resting‐state fMRI scans were obtained in 12 healthy young men in three different drug sessions (placebo, morphine and alcohol; randomized). Drugs were administered intravenously based on validated pharmacokinetic protocols to minimize the inter‐ and intra‐subject variance in plasma drug concentrations. Dual‐regression was used to estimate whole‐brain resting‐state connectivity in relation to eight well‐characterized resting‐state networks, for each data set. A mixed effects analysis of drug by time interactions revealed dissociable changes in both pharmacodynamics and functional connectivity resulting from alcohol and morphine. Post hoc analysis of regions of interest revealed adaptive network interactions in relation to pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic curves. Our results illustrate the applicability of resting‐state functional brain connectivity in CNS drug research. Hum Brain Mapp, 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Health status and the allocation of time
Authors: Podor Melinda , Halliday Timothy J. 
Published: March 2011

SUMMARYWe consider the relationship between health and time allocation in the American Time Use Survey. Better health is associated with large positive effects on home production and larger positive effects on market production, but less consumption of leisure. Theoretically, if market‐ and home‐produced goods are perfect substitutes, the positive correlation between health and home production implies that health exerts larger effects on home than on market efficiency. Notably, these correlations are higher for single people than for married people, perhaps reflecting a lack of market substitutes for the time of married people. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
FLT3 mutation and expression did not adversely affect clinical outcome of childhood acute leukaemia—a study of 531 Southeast Asian children by the Ma‐Spore study group
Authors: Leow Shuangjie , Kham Shirley Kow‐Yin , Ariffin Hany , Quah Thuan Chong , Yeoh Allen Eng‐Juh 
Published: March 2011

AbstractFMS‐like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3) is critical for normal haematopoiesis and have been reported to be expressed in the majority of acute myeloid and lymphoid malignancies. We correlated the impact of FLT3 mutations and its expression with age, WHO 2008 classification and treatment outcome in 531 childhood acute leukaemias. Of 150 acute myeloid leukaemia (AMLs), 18 (12%) harboured FLT3‐ITD while nine (6%) had FLT3‐TKD. FLT3‐ITD and ‐TKD were rare in acute megakaryoblastic leukaemia (AMKL; FLT3‐ITD 0/26, FLT3‐TKD 1/26) and children below 3 years (n = 2/48). Acute promyelocytic leukaemia (APL) with t(15;17);PML‐RARα (n = 7/18; 39%) harboured the highest frequency of FLT3 mutations, followed by myelomonocytic (n = 4/18; 22%) and AML with t(8;21);RUNX1‐RUNX1T1 (n = 2/21; 9%). FLT3 expression levels were also lowest in AMKL, both in Down's and non‐Down's (p = 0.002) followed by patients <3 years (p = 0.001). The rarity of FLT3 mutations and expression levels in AMKL were independent of age. Conversely, only 2% of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) harboured FLT3 mutations (ITD = 1/381; TKD = 6/381). FLT3 was highly expressed in hyperdiploid ALL (p < 0.001). Of the 121 AMLs with clinical history, there were no significant differences in 4‐year event‐free survival (EFS) (46% vs. 38%; p = 0.46) and overall‐survival (OS) (55% vs. 43%; p = 0.30) between FLT3‐wildtype and ITD+ patients. Similarly, FLT3 expression levels did not influence survival in AML in both the good risk and non‐good risk subgroups. FLT3 does not appear to be involved in the pathogenesis of AMKL, both in Down's and non‐Down's. Therapeutic targets using FLT3 inhibitors may not be useful in AMKL and in young children with AML. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
In vitro assessment of macrophage attachment and phenotype on polymerized phospholipid bilayers
Authors: Page Jonathan , Heitz Benjamin A. , Joubert James R. , Keogh John P. , Sparer Tim , Saavedra S. Scott , He Wei 
Published: March 2011

AbstractPhosphatidyl choline (PC)‐based materials have been found to be resistant to nonspecific protein adhesion in vitro. In this study, a PC‐based planar supported phospholipid bilayer composed of 1,2‐bis[10‐(2′,4′‐hexadienoyloxy)decanoyl]‐sn‐glycero‐3‐phosphocholine (bis‐SorbPC or BSPC) was generated on piranha‐treated silicon wafers by vesicle deposition. The bilayer was polymerized with redox initiation forming a stable 4‐nm thick coating. Polymerized lipid bilayers (PLBs) were characterized and tested for uniformity, with ellipsometry and contact angle. Cellular adhesion and morphological changes in RAW 264.7 macrophages were investigated in vitro on PLBs and compared to bare silicon controls. Fluorescent and scanning electron microscopy were used to observe changes in cellular morphology. The PLBs showed much lower cellular adhesion than bare silicon controls. Of the cells that attached to the PLBs, a very low percentage showed the same morphological expressions seen on the controls. It is hypothesized that proteins adsorb to the defects in the PLBs, caused by incomplete polymerization, and this mediates the observed minimal cellular attachment and morphological changes. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: , 2011.
Efficacy of desulfated heparin mitigating inflammation in rat burn wound model
Authors: Lakshmi Thiagavathi S. Ramyaa , Shanmugasundaram Natesan , Shanmuganathan Seetharaman , Babu Mary 
Published: March 2011

AbstractDuring skin repair, leukocyte infiltration is the principal inflammatory response which is instrumental in triggering growth factor and cytokine signals that orchestrate together to recruit cells necessary for healing. In severe wounds like burn, when acute inflammation becomes chronic, intervention is required to control inflammation so as to hasten the process of healing. Heparin, a known anticoagulant also possesses anti‐inflammatory activity by its ability to interfere with the adhesion of leukocytes to the endothelium. Desulfated heparins (DSH) have subdued anticoagulant activity while possessing increased anti‐inflammatory activity. Among which 2,3 DSH is found to have marked potency as an anti‐inflammatory agent and has been utilized for this study. In this investigation, a controlled delivery system was designed by incorporating 2,3 DSH in microspheres and embedding in collagen matrix which could serve as a wound dressing in burns. In vivo evaluation of healing process was ascertained in rat burn wound model by qualitative and quantitative estimation of proinflammatory cytokines in serum and granulation tissue and collagen turnover was also assessed as healing progressed. The results of this study suggests that 2,3 DSH could be delivered in a controlled manner to regulate inflammatory events to hasten healing of burn wounds. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2011.
An assessment of transcriptional changes in porcine skin exposed to bromine vapor
Authors: Rogers James V. , Price Jennifer A. , Wendling Morgan Q. S. , Perry Mark R. , Reid Frances M. , Kiser Robyn C. , Graham John S. 
Published: March 2011

AbstractBromine is an industrial chemical that can cause severe cutaneous burns. This study was a preliminary investigation into the effect of cutaneous exposure to bromine vapor using a weanling swine burn model and microarray analysis. Ventral abdominal sites were exposed to a mean calculated bromine vapor concentration of 0.69 g L−1 for 10 or 20 min. At 48 h postexposure, total RNA from skin samples was isolated, processed, and hybridized to Affymetrix GeneChip Porcine Genome Arrays. Expression analysis revealed that bromine vapor exposure for 10 or 20 min promoted similar transcriptional changes in the number of significantly modulated probe sets. A minimum of 83% of the probe sets was similar for both exposure times. Ingenuity pathways analysis revealed eight common biological functions among the top 10 functions of each experimental group, in which 30 genes were commonly shared among 19 significantly altered signaling pathways. Transcripts encoding heme oxygenase 1, interleukin‐1β, interleukin 2 receptor gamma chain, and plasminogen activator inhibitor‐1 were identified as common potential therapeutic targets for Phase II/III clinical trial or FDA‐approved drugs. The present study is an initial assessment of the transcriptional responses to cutaneous bromine vapor exposure identifying molecular networks and genes that could serve as targets for developing therapeutics for bromine‐induced skin injury. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 25:252–262, 2011; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/jbt.20383