bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Novel high-pressure/high-temperature reactor cell for in situ and operando x-ray absorption spectroscopy studies of heterogeneous catalysts at synchrotron facilities
Authors: Nassereddine Abdallah , Prat Alain , Ould-Chikh Samy , Lahera Eric , Proux Olivier , Delnet William , Costes Anael , Maurin Isabelle , Kieffer Isabelle , Min Sophie , Rovezzi Mauro , Testemale Denis , Cerrillo Olmo Jose Luis , Gascon Jorge , Hazemann Jean-Louis , Aguilar Tapia Antonio 
Published: May 2024

This paper presents the development of a novel high-pressure/high-temperature reactor cell dedicated to the characterization of catalysts using synchrotron x-ray absorption spectroscopy under operando conditions. The design of the vitreous carbon reactor allows its use as a plug-flow reactor, monitoring catalyst samples in a powder form with a continuous gas flow at high-temperature (up to 1000 °C) and under high pressure (up to 1000 bar) conditions, depending on the gas environment. The high-pressure/high-temperature reactor cell incorporates an automated gas distribution system and offers the capability to operate in both transmission and fluorescence detection modes. The operando x-ray absorption spectroscopy results obtained on a bimetallic InCo catalyst during CO2 hydrogenation reaction at 300 °C and 50 bar are presented, replicating the conditions of a conventional microreactor. The complete setup is available for users and permanently installed on the Collaborating Research Groups French Absorption spectroscopy beamline in Material and Environmental (CRG-FAME) sciences and French Absorption spectroscopy beamline in Material and Environmental sciences at ultra-high dilution (FAME-UHD) beamlines (BM30 and BM16) at the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility in Grenoble, France.
Prediction through quantum dynamics simulations: Photo-excited cyclobutanone
Authors: Bennett Olivia , Freibert Antonia , Spinlove K. Eryn , Worth Graham A. 
Published: May 2024

Quantum dynamics simulations are becoming a standard tool for simulating photo-excited molecular systems involving a manifold of coupled states, known as non-adiabatic dynamics. While these simulations have had many successes in explaining experiments and giving details of non-adiabatic transitions, the question remains as to their predictive power. In this work, we present a set of quantum dynamics simulations on cyclobutanone using both grid-based multi-configuration time-dependent Hartree and direct dynamics variational multi-configuration Gaussian methods. The former used a parameterized vibronic coupling model Hamiltonian, and the latter generated the potential energy surfaces on the fly. The results give a picture of the non-adiabatic behavior of this molecule and were used to calculate the signal from a gas-phase ultrafast electron diffraction (GUED) experiment. Corresponding experimental results will be obtained and presented at a later stage for comparison to test the predictive power of the methods. The results show that over the first 500 fs after photo-excitation to the S2 state, cyclobutanone relaxes quickly to the S1 state, but only a small population relaxes further to the S0 state. No significant transfer of population to the triplet manifold is found. It is predicted that the GUED experiments over this time scale will see signals related mostly to the C–O stretch motion and elongation of the molecular ring along the C–C–O axis.
Communication with international visitors
Authors: Loogus Terje , Anderson Jaanika 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
According to Statistics Estonia, in 2022, there were 170 museums in Estonia with 277 visitor sites, all of which
contribute to preserving, shaping, and communicating our memory and identity, translating our culture to the people of Estonia and
international visitors alike. Among European countries, Estonia has the most museums per 100,000 inhabitants. In 2022, nearly
2.5 million people visited museums, which makes 1,769 attendances per 1000 inhabitants. Museum translation is integral to
translation studies but has not been thoroughly studied in Estonia. The article attempts to reflect on the communicative potential
of interlingual translation in the University of Tartu Museum, using the concepts developed in museum translation research.
Estonia is an interesting case for discussion because, while it is a country with a very small population, it is a multilingual
country, where about 30% of the population do not speak Estonian as their first language. As a small and multilingual country,
museums cannot rely on Estonian-speaking visitors only; they also depend on foreign visitors. The research objective is to find
out how the University of Tartu Museum communicates with visitors who do not understand Estonian and what communicative strategies
have been used in the past.
The semantics and grammatical status of -frei
Authors: Fagan Sarah M. B. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
This paper re-investigates the semantics and grammatical status of frei in morphologically
complex forms such as alkoholfrei ‘non-alcoholic’, bügelfrei ‘no-iron’, and
rostfrei ‘stainless, rustproof’. Taking the position that there is no need for an in-between
category of semi-affix (Bauer et al. 2013; Olsen 2014), the study demonstrates that the constituent -frei occurs with
the same meanings as the free form frei and concludes that it is not necessary to assume the
existence of a suffix. The analysis also accounts for complex forms that are argued to necessitate the recognition of
a semi-suffix because they contain an instance of -frei that does not exhibit the meaning of its free
counterpart, for example, scheinfrei ‘besitzt alle Scheine (has all credits)’.
Exploring past and present layers of multilingualism in Flemish-emigrant writing
Authors: Crombez Yasmin , Vandenbussche Wim , Vosters Rik 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
This article aims to contribute to the study of Belgian Dutch as an immigrant language in North America. It
does so with the specific hypothesis that the pre-migration sociolinguistic and language political context in
migrants’ home countries plays an important role, in particular with regard to societal multilingualism, as underlying
layers of multilingualism can have an impact on the post-migration contact situation. Using the diary of a Flemish
missionary who moved to Canada in 1886 as our main source, both Dutch-French and Dutch-English language contact are
charted over a 25-year time span, with specific attention to lexical borrowing. We discuss the impact of a number of
mostly language-internal variables on the relative frequency of lexical borrowing from each source language (e.g.,
semantic field, part of speech, level of integration in the target language, luxury versus necessary loans), revealing
highly divergent borrowing profiles for French and English. The article rounds off by assessing the explanatory value
of the pre-migration sociolinguistic context of Belgian Dutch, for the language patterns observed in this specific
ego-document, discussing the interaction between past and present layers of language contact.
Large anomalous Nernst conductivity of L10-ordered CoPt in CoPt composition-spread thin films
Authors: Toyama Ryo , Masuda Keisuke , Simalaotao Kodchakorn , Zhou Weinan , Kushwaha Varun K , Sakuraba Yuya 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
We demonstrate a high-throughput experimental characterization of anomalous Nernst conductivity (

α

x
y

A

) of L10-ordered CoPt using Co1–x
Pt
x
composition-spread thin films on MgO(100) substrates. The compositional dependence of the anomalous Nernst effect, anomalous Hall effect (AHE) and Seebeck effect is systematically measured. As increasing the Pt concentration, the crystal structure in the composition-spread film grown at 500 °C changes from face-centered cubic (fcc) Co, A1-disordered CoPt, L10-ordered CoPt, A1-CoPt to fcc Pt. The largest

α

x
y

A

of 2.52 A m–1 K–1 is obtained in L10-CoPt for Pt-rich composition of x = 70%, which is larger than that for an additionally fabricated nearly stoichiometric L10-Co48Pt52 reference uniform film. The contribution from direct conversion of a temperature gradient to a transverse charge current through

α

x
y

A

is dominant to the total anomalous Nernst coefficient compared to the AHE-related contribution. From a scaling analysis of the AHE, the intrinsic contribution is found to be dominant for x = 70%. A theoretical calculation for

α

x
y

A

of L10-Co50Pt50 agrees with the experimental

α

x
y

A

value for the nearly stoichiometric reference film by considering on-site Coulomb interaction for Co atoms. We also point out the possible electron doping effect by the addition of Pt in L10-CoPt, which could explain the larger

α

x
y

A

for the off-stoichiometric Pt-rich composition than that for the nearly stoichiometric one. Our experimental and theoretical results suggest the potential of L10-CoPt with a large

α

x
y

A

originating from the intrinsic mechanism for future thermoelectric applications.
Predicting the properties of perovskite materials by improved compositionally restricted attention-based networks and explainable machine learning
Authors: Hui Zhan , Wang Min , Wang Jiacheng , Chen Jialu , Yin Xiang , Yue Yunliang 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Understanding the unique properties of perovskite materials is crucial in advancing solar energy technologies. Factors like heat of formation and bandgap significantly influence the light absorption capability and stability of perovskite solar cells. However, it is time-consuming and labor-intensive to obtain the properties of perovskites using traditional experimental or high-throughput computational methods. As a prospective method, machine learning can find regularities in the given training data and give accurate prediction results. In this article, we use deep learning models based on attention mechanisms and elemental features to predict the heat of formation and bandgap of perovskite materials. Random Forest and Gradient Boosted Regression Tree models have also been used for interpretable predictions of properties. The compositionally restricted attention-based network was improved by introducing a densely connected network and optimizing the network structure to increase data processing capabilities. The experiment results show that the mean absolute errors of the heat of formation and bandgap on the test sets are decreased by 5.77% and 3.37% respectively. The optimized model also shows better performance when used for classification tasks. In addition, we use the gradient boosting regression tree model and the shapley additive explanations tool to conduct an interpretable analysis, explaining the impact of different features on the predictions of the properties.
An adaptive Morlet wavelet-based iterative filtering method for locating informative frequency band
Authors: Shi Huifang , Miao Yonghao , Xia Yu , Hu Sen , Wang Xun , Gu Xiaohui 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Locating the informative frequency band of rolling bearing fault signals is of great significance for feature extraction and fault diagnosis. Benefiting from the adjustable center frequency and bandwidth as well as the similarity to impulse-like characteristics induced by bearing failures, Morlet wavelets are commonly used in resonance demodulation. However, fault impulses are highly susceptible to contamination by strong noise, which impedes the efficacy of existing wavelet parameter selection strategies and frequency band optimization methods. In this paper, an adaptive Morlet wavelet-based iterative filtering (AMIF) method is proposed for frequency band optimization under strong noise. The resonance frequency band is pinpointed based on adaptive Morlet wavelet filter banks, with off-band noise being canceled and fault features being refined during the level-by-level filtering process. Additional iterative operations are leveraged to enhance fault features of in-band signals to facilitate the optimization of the filtering parameters. Effectiveness of the proposed AMIF method and its superiority over the wavelet packet transform-based kurtogram and minimum entropy deconvolution are verified through simulation and experimental analysis. The results demonstrate that AMIF can accurately localize the informative frequency band, thereby extracting high-quality fault features, making it suitable for bearing fault diagnosis under strong noise condition with different fault types.
Research on online anomaly detection methods for bearing degradation
Authors: Jin Shuowei , Xu Hongchao , Lu Zhenlin , Yan Aiyun , Zhao Yuhang , He Huan 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
In industrial applications, rolling bearings operate under conditions of high precision and high speed, and their physical and mechanical characteristics change with the increase in operating time. Traditional diagnostic methods struggle to adapt well to the changing characteristics of bearings for online anomaly detection. Therefore, this research proposes an online anomaly detection method for rolling bearings based on time-density-weighted incremental support vector data description (TISVDD). A classification strategy is proposed to prevent samples misclassification in the updating process. The Detection Boundary is established based on SVDD decision boundary to enhance the recognition of abnormal samples in the process of model updating. A dual-screening mechanism update strategy for support vectors is proposed. It involves establishing a preliminary screening mechanism based on the Elimination Boundary. On this basis, an in-depth screening mechanism based on time density weight is introduced by considering spatiotemporal characteristics of samples, enhancing the real-time performance of online anomaly detection for bearings. Building upon the fused dual-boundary SVDD, a TISVDD framework for online anomaly detection is proposed, enabling the detection model to dynamically update in response to data changes over time. To validate the effectiveness of the proposed method, experiments were conducted using the XJTU-SY bearing dataset and real-time datasets collected on an online hardware platform. The results demonstrate the effectiveness and superiority of the method in practical applications.
Recognition of multi-component compounds based on occurrence time of secondary crest in the fluorescence lifetime attenuation curve
Authors: Min Jing , Ningchao Jiang , Bingqi Si , Zhaonan He , Hengtong Han 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Fluorescence lifetime is the main characteristic parameter of fluorescence. It is a widely used to draw fluorescence lifetime attenuation curves and to fit fluorescence lifetime parameters by using gated detection methods to identify the species of substances. However, the fluorescence attenuation of each fluorophore in a multi-component compound interferes with one another, affecting the accuracy of identification. In this paper, we propose a method to accurately identify substances by using the occurrence time of the secondary crest of the fluorescence lifetime attenuation curve based on the principle of gated detection to measure the fluorescence lifetime. Furthermore, we design a fluorescence lifetime imaging measurement system and select the same areas of interest in the images for analysis and comparison. The average lifetime of the fluorescence and the occurrence time of the secondary crest are considered as the characteristic parameters. We use five commercially available motor engine oils as the experimental samples and compare the recognition performance of different kernel functions based on a support vector machine (SVM). The radial basis kernel function presents the best performance in terms of recognition accuracy and speed. The recognition rates of the SVM model with the average fluorescence lifetime and the occurrence time of the secondary crest in the attenuation curve of the fluorescence lifetime as a feature vector are 76.24% and 74.65%, respectively. The recognition rate of the SVM model which combines them as feature vectors reaches 91.88%. The experimental results demonstrate that the occurrence time of the secondary crest in the attenuation curve of the fluorescence lifetime can be employed as the basis for substance identification in the analysis of the fluorescence characteristics of multi-component compounds, whose recognition accuracy is similar to the average fluorescence lifetime parameter. Moreover, the occurrence time of the secondary crest of the fluorescence lifetime attenuation curve can be implemented to identify multi-component compounds when it is used as a characteristic parameter.
Fixed-time trajectory tracking control of a quadrotor UAV under time-varying wind disturbances: theory and experimental validation
Authors: Cai Xin , Zhu Xiaozhou , Yao Wen 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
This paper adopts a fixed-time method to study the trajectory tracking issue of a quadrotor unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) under time-varying wind disturbances. Firstly, in order to address the impact of time-varying wind disturbances on UAV, a fixed-time disturbance observer is constructed to accurately estimate wind disturbances. Secondly, to improve control accuracy and convergence rate, a robust fixed-time controller is designed for the position and attitude system by combining the sliding mode control theory with fixed-time techniques. Furthermore, it is rigorously analyzed that the tracking error of the observer and controller can converge to zero via Lyapunov criterion, and the convergence time is independent of the initial state. Finally, the effectiveness and robustness of the designed control strategy are verified by numerical simulations and actual flight experiments, providing an effective connection between control theory and practical applications.
Ion detection in a DNA nanopore FET device
Authors: Livernois William , Cao Purunc (Simon) , Saha Soumyadeep , Ding Quanchen , Gopinath Ashwin , Anantram M P 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
An ion detection device that combines a DNA-origami nanopore and a field-effect transistor (FET) was designed and modeled to determine sensitivity of the nanodevice to the local cellular environment. Such devices could be integrated into a live cell, creating an abiotic-biotic interface integrated with semiconductor electronics. A continuum model is used to describe the behavior of ions in an electrolyte solution. The drift-diffusion equations are employed to model the ion distribution, taking into account the electric fields and concentration gradients. This was matched to the results from electric double layer theory to verify applicability of the model to a bio-sensing environment. The FET device combined with the nanopore is shown to have high sensitivity to ion concentration and nanopore geometry, with the electrical double layer behavior governing the device characteristics. A logarithmic relationship was found between ion concentration and a single FET current, generating up to 200 nA of current difference with a small applied bias.
Role of electrostatic perturbation on kinetic resistive wall mode with application to spherical tokamak
Authors: Liu Yueqiang , Keeling D.L. , Kirk A. , Kogan L. , Berkery J.W. , Du X.D. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
A more complete non-perturbative magnetohydrodynamic (MHD)-kinetic hybrid formulation is developed by including the perturbed electrostatic potential δφ in the particle Lagrangian. The fluid-like counter-parts of the hybrid equations, in the Chew-Goldberger-Low high-frequency limit, are also derived and utilized to test the new toroidal implementation in the MARS-K code. Application of the updated non-perturbative hybrid model for a high-β spherical tokamak plasma in MAST finds that the perturbed electrostatic potential generally plays a minor role in the n = 1 (n is the toroidal mode number) resistive wall mode instability. The effect of δφ is largely destabilizing, with the growth rate of the instability increased by several (up to 20) percent as compared to the case without including δφ. A similar relative change is also obtained for the kinetic-induced resonant field amplification effect at high-β in the MAST plasma considered. The updated capability of the MARS-K code allows quantitative exploration of drift kinetic effects on various MHD instabilities and the antenna-driven plasma response where the electrostatic perturbation, coupled to magnetic perturbations, may play important roles.
Future changes in spatially compounding hot, wet or dry events and their implications for the world’s breadbasket regions
Authors: Biess Bianca , Gudmundsson Lukas , Windisch Michael G , Seneviratne Sonia I 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Recent years were characterized by an increase in spatially co-occurring hot, wet or dry extreme events around the globe. In this study we analyze data from multi-model climate projections to analyze the occurrence of spatially compounding events and area affected in future climates under scenarios at +1.5 ∘C, +2.0 ∘C, +3.0 ∘C and higher levels of global warming using Earth System Model simulations from the 6th Phase of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project. Since spatially compounding extreme events can strongly amplify societal impacts as economic supply chains are increasingly interdependent, we want to highlight that the world’s breadbasket regions are projected to be particularly affected by an increase in spatially co-occurring hot, wet or dry extreme events, posing risks to the global food security. We show that the spatial extent of top-producing agricultural regions being potentially threatened by climate extremes will increase drastically if global mean temperatures shift from +1.5 ∘C to +2.0 ∘C. Further we identify a large increase in the projected global land area concurrently affected by hot, wet or dry extremes with increased global warming posing risk to other industries and sectors in addition to the agricultural sector.
Globally-significant arsenic release by wildfires in a mining-impacted boreal landscape
Authors: Sutton O F , McCarter C P R , Waddington J M 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Metal mining and smelting activities are one of the largest anthropogenic sources of arsenic pollution to the environment, with pervasive consequences to human and environmental health. Several decades of metal processing activities near Yellowknife, NT, Canada have resulted in widespread accumulation of arsenic in biomass, soils, and sediments, exceeding environmental and human health limits. The landscape surrounding Yellowknife is frequently disturbed by wildfire, most recently in 2023, when 2500 km2 burned. While wildfire-mediated release of stored arsenic around Yellowknife likely represents an incipient threat to human and ecosystem health, a quantification of the potential magnitude of arsenic remobilization from wildfires is absent. Here we combine publicly available soil and biomass arsenic concentrations and land cover datasets with the current best estimates of pyrogenic arsenic speciation and release in upland and wetland ecosystems to estimate the potential range of arsenic remobilization due to wildfires in the region surrounding Yellowknife from 1972 to 2023. Since 1972, wildfires have potentially led to the release of 141–562 Mg of arsenic, with 61–381 Mg emitted to the atmosphere and 39–109 Mg mobilized as water-soluble species. The large range in potential atmospheric emissions was due to the range in peat emission efficiency (5%–84%) that resulted in more arsenic being released from wetlands than the uplands. In 2023 alone, our estimated atmospheric release from just four wildfires was between 15%–59% of global annual arsenic wildfire emissions and likely represented between 2 and 9% of total global arsenic emissions from all natural sources. Given that climate change has and will continue to increase both annual area burned and soil burn severity, we emphasize that future increased wildfire activity closer to Yellowknife will place legacy soil arsenic stores at risk of an even larger catastrophic and unprecedented release, especially as wetlands become drier.