bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The world in a grain of sand: evolutionarily relevant, small‐scale freshwater bioregions on subtropical dune islands
Authors: PAGE TIMOTHY J. , MARSHALL JONATHAN C. , HUGHES JANE M. 
Published: November 2011

Summary1. Conservation plans are required to safeguard freshwater biodiversity in the face of increasing threats. Traditionally plans have used surrogates for biodiversity that do not account for the evolutionary process, but genetic data in the form of comparative phylogeography can fulfil this role.2. Comparative phylogeographic analyses of multiple freshwater fish and decapod crustacean species were carried out with specimens from two model systems, namely the sand dune islands of Fraser and North Stradbroke in eastern Australia.3. Almost all of the species studied from both islands displayed an intraspecific evolutionary split between sides of the island (east/west on North Stradbroke Island, and north/south on Fraser Island), indicating that each side of each island hosts its own distinct community of populations of freshwater animals.4. The probable process responsible for both of these divergent communities is different source populations for each side of each island.5. This study shows that biodiversity will not always follow obvious geography and that significant diversity may exist at small scales within multiple species. These evolutionarily relevant units of biodiversity should be incorporated at the beginning of the conservation and resource management planning process.
Organizational risk management of resistance to care episodes in health facilities
Authors: Kable Ashley , Guest Maya , McLeod Mary 
Published: November 2011

kable a., guest m. & mcleod m. (2012) Organizational risk management of resistance to care episodes in health facilities. Journal of Advanced Nursing68(9), 1933–1943.AbstractAims.  This article reports a study of organizational risk management approaches to resistance to care episodes in specific clinical areas: prevention measures, provision of subsequent support and follow‐up by management and resultant organizational change.Background.  Resistance to care describes a patient’s unwillingness to be assisted by healthcare staff and is manifested in defensive behaviours ranging from minor non‐compliance/dissent to aggression. It has previously been studied in aged care settings and focused on patient behaviours and appropriate responses.Methods.  This was a cross‐sectional survey of a representative sample of nurses (n = 5044) who were members of the New South Wales Nurses’ Association in Australia, in 2008–2009.Results.  Of 1132 participants, 80% reported being involved in resistance to care episodes during the previous month and this was higher in some settings. Episodes were not routinely reported internally, and often did not lead to organizational change. Nurses reported that talking with other staff was the most effective action in dealing with the consequences of these episodes. Half of the respondents considered that they were provided with sufficient support and follow‐up after a resistance to care episode. Prevention measures and follow‐up strategies adopted by employers varied across clinical settings.Conclusion.  Resistance to care is not confined to aged care settings, and risk management of resistance to care can increase safety in the workplace. Preventive strategies such as increased staff, training and security should be focused on high risk clinical areas; and appropriate support, follow‐up and organizational change instituted in response to these episodes.
Task uncertainty and communication during nursing shift handovers
Authors: Mayor Eric , Bangerter Adrian , Aribot Myriam 
Published: November 2011

mayor e., bangerter a. & aribot m. (2012) Task uncertainty and communication during nursing shift handovers. Journal of Advanced Nursing68(9), 1956–1966.AbstractAims.  We explore variations in handover duration and communication in nursing units. We hypothesize that duration per patient is higher in units facing high task uncertainty. We expect both topics and functions of communication to vary depending on task uncertainty.Background.  Handovers are changing in modern healthcare organizations, where standardized procedures are increasingly advocated for efficiency and reliability reasons. However, redesign of handover should take environmental contingencies of different clinical unit types into account. An important contingency in institutions is task uncertainty, which may affect how communicative routines like handover are accomplished.Method.  Nurse unit managers of 80 care units in 18 hospitals were interviewed in 2008 about topics and functions of handover communication and duration in their unit. Interviews were content‐analysed. Clinical units were classified into a theory‐based typology (unit type) that gradually increases on task uncertainty. Quantitative analyses were performed.Findings.  Unit type affected resource allocation. Unit types facing higher uncertainty had higher handover duration per patient. As expected, unit type also affected communication content. Clinical units facing higher uncertainty discussed fewer topics, discussing treatment and care and organization of work less frequently. Finally, unit type affected functions of handover: sharing emotions was less often mentioned in unit types facing higher uncertainty.Conclusion.  Task uncertainty and its relationship with functions and topics of handover should be taken into account during the design of handover procedures.
Prostasomes are mediators of intercellular communication: from basic research to clinical implications
Authors: Ronquist G. 
Published: November 2011

Ronquist G (University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden). Prostasomes are mediators of intercellular communication: from basic research to clinical implications (Review). J Intern Med 2012; 271: 400–413Abstract.  Prostasomes are nanosized microvesicles secreted by acinar epithelial cells of the prostate gland. Furthermore, they are intracellular microvesicles inside another larger vesicle, a so‐called storage vesicle, equivalent to multivesicular bodies of late endosomal origin. Prostasomes are thought to play an important role in intercellular communication by direct interaction primarily between the immobile acinar cells of the prostate gland and the mobile spermatozoa. Prostasomes transfer not only membrane components but also genetic material to spermatozoa. They are rich in various transferable bioactive molecules (e.g. receptors and enzymes) that promote the fertilizing ability of spermatozoa. In this review, the pleiotropic biological effects of prostasomes that are relevant for successful fertilization will be discussed. The ability to synthesize and export prostasomes to the extracellular space is observed not only in normal prostate epithelial cells but also in malignant prostate cells. Release of prostasomes by prostate cancer cells suggests a role in malignant cell growth and proliferation. These findings may provide new therapeutic and diagnostic strategies.
Pretransplant serologic testing to identify the risk of polyoma BK viremia in pediatric kidney transplant recipients
Authors: Ali Abdalla M. , Gibson Ian W. , Birk Patricia , Blydt‐Hansen Tom D. 
Published: November 2011

Ali AM, Gibson IW, Birk P, Blydt‐Hansen TD. Pretransplant serologic testing to identify the risk of polyoma BK viremia in pediatric kidney transplant recipients.  Pediatr Transplantation 2011: 15:827–834. © 2011 John Wiley & Sons A/S.Abstract:  This study investigated the age‐related prevalence of a prior polyoma BKV infection at the time of transplantation and association with subsequent development of BKV viremia. We measured BKV‐specific antibody titers in stored serum samples obtained before transplantation in 94 pediatric kidney transplant recipients (in a single‐center, retrospective analysis) and 40 matched donors from 1986 to 2007. Titers were categorized as LOW or HIGH serostatus at titers of ≤1:2560 and ≥1:10 240, respectively. Of these, 36 recipients transplanted since 2002 were prospectively screened for BKV viremia. Seventeen percent of recipients aged 0–6 yr had HIGH BKV serostatus compared with 73% of older recipients (p < 0.002). The prevalence of HIGH donor BKV serostatus was 73%. Five prospectively screened patients (14%) developed early BKV viremia, and an additional 4 (11%) had late onset of BKV viremia. There were three cases (8%) of BKVAN. LOW BKV serostatus was significantly associated with early BKV viremia (p = 0.02). Donor HIGH to recipient LOW (HIGH/LOW) had the highest risk of BKV viremia (4/7; 57%), compared with LOW/LOW (0/3; 0%) and recipient HIGH (1/26; 4%) (p = 0.004). BKV IgG titers are low in young pediatric kidney transplant recipients, and LOW BKV serostatus is associated with an increased risk of early BKV infection post‐transplant, particularly in the context of donor with HIGH BKV serostatus.
An update on immunizations before and after transplantation in the pediatric solid organ transplant recipient
Authors: Abuali Mayssa M. , Arnon Ronen , Posada Roberto 
Published: November 2011

Abuali MM, Arnon R, Posada R. An update on immunizations before and after transplantation in the pediatric solid organ transplant recipient.  Pediatr Transplantation 2011: 15: 770–777. © 2011 John Wiley & Sons A/S.Abstract:  Vaccination offers a unique opportunity to decrease the burden of infectious complications following solid organ transplantation. In this paper we review the current guidelines for routine immunizations before and after solid organ transplantation, including the recent updates and changes to recommendations for certain vaccines. We also address the issue of waning immunity in solid organ transplant recipients and discuss the current data on vaccinating this patient population with live vaccines after transplantation.
A simple and rapid procedure for identification of seed coat colour at the early developmental stage of Brassica juncea and Brassica napus seeds
Authors: Lu Ying , Liu Xianjun , Liu Shuyan , Yue Yingchun , Guan Chunyun , Liu Zhongsong 
Published: November 2011

With 4 figures and 2 tablesAbstractThe yellow seed is a desirable trait in oilseed Brassica species. However, seed coat colour cannot be observed until the maturation of the seed. Identification of seed coat colour at early seed development will allow for the early detection of yellow‐seeded individual plants in the segregating populations at the same generation and thus speed up yellow‐seeded rapeseed breeding programme. Colour of seed coats from Brassica juncea and Brassica napus can precisely be determined as early as 15 days after pollination by staining with 0.5% vanillin–HCl solution for 5 min, which is shown to be simple, rapid and reliable. Flowering duration of an individual plant usually lasts for approximately 25–35 days in Brassica species and so the seed coat colour of an individual plant can be determined 10–20 days before the end of its flowering. Through this technique, breeding for the yellow‐seeded trait can now be advanced one generation earlier by vanillin staining than by conventional visual observation of testa colour of mature Brassica seeds.
Gene Expression Profiling of Rat Testis Development During the Early Post‐Natal Stages
Authors: Liu TD , Yu BY , Luo FH , Zhang XL , Wu SCL , Liu LH , Wu YJ 
Published: November 2011

ContentSpermatogenesis is a complex biological process that requires precise regulation of gene expression in the germ cells and their surrounding somatic cells. Some testis‐specific genes are involved in different stages of spermatogenesis; however, the precise mechanisms of stage‐specific spermatogenesis are still not elucidated. In this study, we first examined the expression patterns of SYCP3, Tnp2, CDH1, glial cell‐line‐derived neurotropic factor (GDNF) and GFRA1 mRNAs on post‐natal days (PNDs) 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 15, 20, 25 and 30 in rat testis. SYCP3 mRNA was firstly detected from PND 15, while Tnp2 transcript was only found on PND 30. CDH1 mRNA was highly expressed before PND 6, but decreased dramatically on PND 8, then gradually increased until it started to decrease after 12 dpp. Low GDNF and GFRA1 mRNAs were found before PND 6, but gradually increased to the peak on PND 12, then gradually decreased to low level. According to the expression patterns of CDH1, GDNF and GFRA1, we hypothesized that PNDs 6‐10 are critical period in the early spermatogenesis. We, therefore, explored gene expression pattern on PNDs 6, 8 and 10 using cDNA microarray. 700 (PND 8 vs PND 6), 4519 (PND 10 vs PND 8), and 4298 (PND 10 vs PND 6) differentially expressed genes (≥2‐fold) were identified from the comparisons, which cover thousands of gene ontology categories (GO terms) and hundreds of signalling pathways. High consistency between microarray data and quantative real‐time PCR (qRT‐PCR) was verified from five genes (LOC686076, Trib3, Cxcl6, LOC682508 and C2cd4d). These data provide more information to understand the precisely regulatory mechanism at the early stage of spermatogenesis.
Thirteen‐year‐old female with an unusual presentation of deep venous thrombosis
Authors: Chatzidaki Virginia , Richards Michael , Darling Jonathan C 
Published: November 2011

AbstractWe report a case of a 13‐year‐old female presenting with deep venous thrombosis in her left lower limb. Investigations led by her symptoms and history revealed persistently positive lupus anticoagulant and anticardiolipin antibodies, indicating the diagnosis of antiphospholipid syndrome. Double‐stranded DNA antibodies were detected positive pointing to the coexistence of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Antiphospholipid syndrome‐related vascular occlusive events are causing high morbidity and mortality. Therefore, a high index of suspicion is mandatory for the recognition of children being at risk for primary or recurrent thrombotic complications.
Exhaled carbon monoxide levels in preschool‐age children with episodic asthma
Authors: Ohara Yoichiro , Ohara Takahiro , Ohrui Takashi , Morikawa Toshio , Asamura Takaaki , Sasaki Hidetada , Arai Hiroyuki 
Published: November 2011

AbstractBackground:  The concentration of exhaled carbon monoxide (eCO) in young children with stable asthma and during acute asthma attack is not known.Methods:  A sampling bag was developed to collect the exhaled air of preschool children. A total of 257 preschool‐age children (≥3 years and ≤6 years old) were studied; 111 had a diagnosis of asthma (43 suffering a mild asthma attack and 68 without active asthmatic symptom), 99 had upper respiratory infection (URI) and 47 were healthy.Results:  In preschool‐age children, eCO levels of those with asthma attacks (mean ± SE, 2.7 ± 0.3 p.p.m., n= 43) were significantly higher than those of subjects with asymptomatic asthma (0.5 ± 0.1 p.p.m., P < 0.05), URI (0.8 ± 0.1 p.p.m., P < 0.05) and healthy children (0.4 ± 0.1 p.p.m., P < 0.05). A multivariate linear regression model showed that eCO was higher in children with asthma attacks independent of age and gender. In 33 asthmatic children followed before and after treatment, eCO levels during asthma attacks significantly decreased after inhalation therapy with a combination of salbutamol and sodium cromoglycate (before therapy, 2.9 ± 0.4 p.p.m.; after therapy, 0.6 ± 0.1 p.p.m., P < 0.0001).Conclusions:  The measurement of eCO using a novel collecting system is useful in the recognition of asthma in preschool children.
Cord serum adiponectin is positively related to postnatal body mass index gain
Authors: Nakano Yuya , Itabashi Kazuo , Nagahara Keiko , Sakurai Motoichiro , Aizawa Madoka , Dobashi Kazushige , Mizuno Katsumi , Tanaka Daisuke 
Published: November 2011

AbstractBackground:  The roles of adiponectin and leptin in the early stages of life are poorly understood. We previously studied longitudinal changes in these adipocytokines from birth to 12 months of age. The aim of this investigation was to evaluate the correlation between cord serum adipocytokine levels and postnatal growth by 3 years of age.Methods:  A questionnaire was sent to obtain the general physical measurements of 3‐year‐olds from 56 healthy newborn infants born at a gestational age of 35 weeks or more; 45 valid responses were obtained. The correlations between variables, including cord serum adipocytokine levels at birth and general physical measurements at 3 years, were investigated.Results:  Body mass index (BMI) Z‐score gain from birth to 3 years was negatively correlated with birthweight SD scores (β=−0.395, P= 0.019) and gestational age (β=−0.557, P= 0.016), and positively correlated with cord serum adiponectin levels (β= 0.253, P= 0.043). BMI Z‐score gain from birth to 6 months was negatively correlated with only birthweight SD score (β=−0.442, P= 0.017). Cord serum leptin levels were not a significant predictor of BMI Z‐scores gain in our subjects. BMI Z‐scores at 6 months, 12 months, and 3 years of age were not related to cord serum adiponectin or leptin levels.Conclusions:  Birthweight SD score, gestational age, and cord serum adiponectin levels are significant predictors of BMI Z‐score gain from birth to 3 years of age in Japanese infants.
Cost‐effectiveness of standard vs intensive antibiotic regimens for transrectal ultrasonography (TRUS)‐guided prostate biopsy prophylaxis
Authors: Adibi Mehrad , Pearle Margaret S. , Lotan Yair 
Published: November 2011

Study Type – Diagnostic (cost effectiveness analysis)Level of Evidence 3aWhat's known on the subject? and What does the study add?Multiple studies have shown an increase in the hospital admission rates due to infectious complications after transrectal ultrasonography (TRUS)‐guided prostate biopsy (TRUSBx), mostly related to a rise in the prevalence of fluoroquinolone‐resistant organisms. As a result, multiple series have advocated the use of more intensive prophylactic antibiotic regimens to augment the effect of the widely used fluoroquinolone prophylaxis for TRUSBx.The present study compares the cost‐effectiveness fluoroquinolone prophylaxis to more intensive prophylactic antibiotic regimens, which is an important consideration for any antibiotic regimen used on a wide‐scale for TRUSBx prophylaxis.OBJECTIVE
To compare the cost‐effectiveness of fluoroquinolones vs intensive antibiotic regimens for transrectal ultrasonography (TRUS)‐guided prostate biopsy (TRUSBx) prophylaxis.
PATIENTS AND METHODS
Risk of hospital admission for infectious complications after TRUSBx was determined from published data.
The average cost of hospital admission due to post‐biopsy infection was determined from patients admitted to our University hospital ≤1 week of TRUSBx.
A decision tree analysis was created to compare cost‐effectiveness of standard vs intensive antibiotic prophylactic regimens based on varying risk of infection, cost, and effectiveness of the intensive antibiotic regimen.
RESULTS
Baseline assumption included cost of TRUSBx ($559), admission rate (1%), average cost of admission ($5900) and cost of standard and intensive antibiotic regimens of $1 and $33, respectively.
Assuming a 50% risk reduction in admission rates with intensive antibiotics, the standard regimen was slightly less costly with average cost of $619 vs $622, but was associated with twice as many infections.
Sensitivity analyses found that a 1.1% risk of admission for quinolone‐resistant infections or a 54% risk reduction attributed to the more intensive antibiotic regimen will result in cost‐equivalence for the two regimens.
Three‐way sensitivity analyses showed that small increases in probability of admission using the standard antibiotics or greater risk reduction using the intensive regimen result in the intensive prophylactic regimen becoming substantially more cost‐effectiveness even at higher costs.
CONCLUSION
As the risk of admission for infectious complications due to TRUSBx increases, use of an intensive prophylactic antibiotic regimen becomes significantly more cost‐effective than current standard antibiotic prophylaxis.
Multicentre prospective evaluation of implant–assisted mandibular bilateral distal extension removable partial dentures: Patient satisfaction
Authors: Wismeijer Daniel , Tawse‐Smith Andrew , Payne Alan G. T. 
Published: November 2011

AbstractObjectiveTo compare the levels of patient satisfaction with either conventional mandibular bilateral distal extension partial dentures or those assisted by bilateral distal implants.Materials and methodsForty‐eight participants who were dissatisfied with their existing conventional mandibular distal extension dentures opposing complete maxillary dentures were selected for a multicentre prospective study in New Zealand, Colombia and the Netherlands. A control group of 12 participants in New Zealand received conventional mandibular partial dentures. Three test groups involving 36 participants in New Zealand (12), Colombia (12) and the Netherlands (12) received bilateral distal implants in the second molar regions. After conventional loading, the test group participants initially had healing caps placed on the distal implants providing support only, followed after approximately 6 months by ball abutments (retentive anchors) for support and retention. Patient outcomes were determined with questionnaires completed at specific stages of the study for up to 3 years.ResultsVisual analogue scale, Likert and oral health impact questionnaires before and after treatment indicated improved results. There were significantly improved parameters of overall satisfaction, stability, chewing and appearance after 3 years (P < 0.05). There were also improvements on stability, chewing and overall satisfaction. Speech also improved, but not significantly. Ball abutments (retentive anchors) on the distal implants, as opposed to healing caps improved patient satisfaction for stability, chewing and overall satisfaction. Changing to ball abutments (retentive anchors) revealed significant improvement by participant response when evaluating parameters of stability, chewing and overall satisfaction (P < 0.05).ConclusionMandibular implant‐assisted removable partial dentures are a preferable treatment option for patients with complaints about their conventional distal extension partial dentures.