bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
John F. Dewey—Tectonics Editor
Authors: Richman Barbara T. 
Published: October 2011

‘I want the journal to acquire a reputation for very rapid, fair, and accurate reviewing,’ asserted John F. Dewey, editor‐in‐chief of AGU's newest journal, Tectonics. Dewey said that he will rule the bimonthly, which will begin publication in February, ‘with a bit of a rod of iron’ to ensure that Tectonics is ‘where only original and important papers are published.’‘I'm going to be very strict with reviewers,’ Dewey explained in his quick British clip. ‘If the review does not come back to me within 10 days to 2 weeks, I'll review the paper myself. I'm also going to have a system whereby, if a paper needs major surgery after being refereed, it will be rejected. Papers will have to be in virtually publishable condition before they are first submitted,’ he said.
National aerospace meeting of the Institute of Navigation
Authors: Fell Patrick 
Published: October 2011

The program for this year's aerospace meeting of The Institute of Navigation addressed developments in the evolving Global Positioning System (GPS) of navigation satellites, inertial navigation systems, and other electronic navigation systems and their applications. Also included in the program were a limited number of papers addressing the geodetic use of the GPS system.The Global Positioning System is a constellation of 18 navigation satellites being developed by the Department of Defense to provide instantaneous worldwide navigation. The system will support a multitude of military applications. The first paper by Jacobson reviewed the engineering development of GPS navigation receivers stressing the use of common hardware and software modules. A later paper by Ould described the mechanization of a digital receiver for GPS applications designed for faster acquisition of the spread spectrum satellite transmissions than analog receivers. The paper by Brady discussed the worldwide coverage that is provided by the limited number of satellites that will constitute the GPS constellation through 1983. The capability provided by the satellites presently on orbit would support a variety of experiments at almost any location. Tables of multiple satellite availability are provided for numerous worldwide locations. For civil aviation applications, Vogel addressed the satellite geometry considerations for low cost GPS user equipment, Esposito described the Federal Aviation Administration acceptance tests of a GPS navigation receiver, and Hopkins discussed the design and capability of an integrated GPS strapdown attitude and heading reference system for avionics.
Photochemistry in planetary atmospheres
Authors: Levine Joel S. , Graedel Thomas E. 
Published: October 2011

Theoretical studies of the photochemistry of planetary atmospheres (including those of the ancient and modern earth) are based on physical and chemical premises common to all. Widely varying paths of evolutionary history, atmospheric processes, solar fluxes, and temperature have produced vastly different atmospheres, however. Some of these similarities and differences are described in this paper, which is based in part on invited presentations at the Fall 1980 AGU Meeting.Ozone is a constituent of earth's atmosphere; it is also found in the atmosphere of Mars. Sulfur dioxide is a constituent of the atmosphere of Venus; it is also found in the atmosphere of Io. Methane may have been a constituent of the earth's ancient atmosphere; it is found today in the atmospheres of Titan, Jupiter, and Saturn. Can chemists explain these similarities between systems so different in their physical properties?
NASA combines two offices
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2011

The National Aeronautics and Space Administration has completed plans for combining its Office of Space Science and its Office of Space and Terrestrial Applications. The new organization was effective December 3.The new Office of Space Science and Applications will retain the programs and responsibilities of the two program offices with the exception of the Technology Utilization Program, which has been transferred to the Government/Industry Affairs Division of the Office of External Relations.
Ultraviolet telescope planned
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2011

A Johns Hopkins University astrophysicist has signed a 4 1/2‐year, $5.9‐million contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration for the design, construction, and operation of a telescope that will make ultraviolet measurements of quasars and galaxies from a steerable platform aboard the space shuttle. Dubbed the Hopkins Ultraviolet Telescope (HUT), NASA has scheduled the instrument's first flight on the shuttle for February 1985. A principal target on one of HUT's tnree subsequent scheduled flights will be Comet Halley, due to reach perihelion in March 1986.Arthur F. Davidsen, a physics professor at Hopkins and the NASA contractor for HUT, said that the instrument is unique among telescopes because it will observe light in the extreme ultraviolet (500 to 1700A) of the electromagnetic spectrum.
New seismic profiling system
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2011

The University of Rhode Island will install a new seismic profiling system aboard its 54‐m research vessel Endeavor. The high‐resolution, single‐channel, digital system will use sound waves to probe layers of sediment and rock beneath the ocean floor. With the data obtained with the system, oceanographers will be able to research further the earth's geological processes.The system will be one of two installed within the newly formed Northeast Consortium Research Fleet (NECOR) (see Information Report this issue). The other seismic profiling system will be placed aboard the Conrad, operated by the Lamont‐Doherty Geological Observatory.
Maxwell moves to U Texas
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2011

Arthur Maxwell, a Fellow and past president of AGU, left his position last week as provost at the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI) to become the director of the Institute for Geophysics at the University of Texas at Austin.Maxwell had been at Woods Hole since 1965, serving in the positions of associate director (1965–1969) and director of research (1969–1971), before his appointment as provost. In 1955, he joined the Office of Naval Research as head oceanographer. Four years later he was put in charge of the geophysics branch, an appointment he held until he went to Woods Hole.
Science salaries reviewed
Authors: Richman Barbara T. 
Published: October 2011

Salaries of experienced geoscientists have risen 215% since 1973, while the consumer price index rose 92.5%, according to a report by the Scientific Manpower Commission (SMC). ‘Salaries of Scientists, Engineers, and Technicians: A Summary of Salary Surveys, Tenth Edition,’ prepared by SMC Associate Director Eleanor L. Babco, is a compilation of salary information from numerous organizations, including federal agencies and departments, educational associations, magazine publishers, and other professional and trade groups. While there is little in the report that cannot be found elsewhere, SMC has collected the data in one place to provide a snapshot of scientists' salaries.Degreed geologists, geophysicists, production engineers, and ‘landmen,’ as a group, earn the highest salaries of almost any professional occupation in the United States, according to several salary studies by Vine Associates over the past 4 years.
JGR and marginal ice zone processes
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2011

As a follow‐up to the special sessions on marginal ice zone (MIZ) processes at the AGU 1981 Fall Meeting in San Francisco and to sessions scheduled for the upcoming AGU/ASLO Meeting in San Antonio, a collection of papers on MIZ research is planned for the Journal of Geophysical Research.Tentative titles for manuscripts should be sent as soon as possible to Robin D. Muench, Coordinator JGR/MIZ Issue, SAI/Northwest, 13400B Northrup Way #36, Bellevue, WA 98005. Finished manuscripts, due April 1, 1982, should be sent directly to A.D. Kirwan, Jr., coeditor of JGR, Oceans and Atmospheres, Department of Marine Science, University of South Florida, 140 Seventh Ave. South, St. Petersburg, FL 33701. Authors are requested to specify that manuscripts are for the special MIZ issue.
Is SI required?
Authors: Forte Gregg 
Published: October 2011

Most major journals publishing oceanography research do not require authors to use the International System of Units (Systeme International d'Unités, or SI), and many authors and editors prefer non‐SI units for much oceanographic work, according to a recent AGU survey.Of the 16 journals or publishers in various fields of geophysics that responded to a December 1981 mail survey, 9 encourage authors to use SI, 5 require them to use it (with some exceptions), 1 accepts papers without SI units although, its formal policy is to require them, and 1, which now has no policy, said it expects to require SI within 5 years.
Taxonomic code available
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2011

The third edition of the taxonomic code, a hierarchical system of numerical codes of up to 12 digits used to identify organisms, is now available from the National Oceanographic Data Center (NODC). The expanded edition comprises nearly 28,000 entries offering the scientific names and corresponding numerical codes of worldwide flora and fauna from viruses to mammals.Developed to simplify and systematize computer processing of data about marine organisms, the code has been since applied to help identify aquatic and terrestrial organisms. NODC requires use of the code in all data bases containing biological information.
Subseabed storage of radioactive waste
Authors: Bell Peter M. 
Published: October 2011

The subject of the storage of nuclear wastes products incites emotional responses from the public, and thus the U.S. Subseabed Disposal Program will have to make a good case for waste storage beneath the ocean floor. The facts attendant, however, describe circumstances necessitating cool‐headed analysis to achieve a solution to the growing nuclear waste problem. Emotion aside, a good case indeed is being made for safe disposal beneath the ocean floor.The problems of nuclear waste storage are acute. A year ago, U.S. military weapons production had accumulated over seventy‐five million gallons of high‐level radioactive liquid waste; solid wastes, such as spent nuclear fuel rods from reactors, amounted to more than 12,000 tons. These wastes are corrosive and will release heat for 1000 years or more. The wastes will remain dangerously radioactive for a period of 10,000 years. There are advantages in storing the wastes on land, in special underground repositories, or on the surface. These include the accessibility to monitor the waste and the possibility of taking action should a container rupture occur, and thus the major efforts to determine suitable disposal at this time are focused on land‐based storage. New efforts, not to be confused with ocean dumping practices of the past, are demonstrating that waste containers isolated in the clays and sediments of the ocean floor may be superior (Environ. Sci. Tech., 16, 28A–37A 1982).
Exploration of the continental basement the world over by seismic reflection profiling: A goal for the solid earth sciences
Authors: Oliver Jack 
Published: October 2011

This short article proposes a long‐range goal for the international earth science community—the exploration of the continental basement along profiles crossing major geological features in many land areas of the world via the use of the powerful seismic reflection technique widely used in petroleum exploration. The cover figure shows a map of possible routes for such surveying and illustrates the scope of the effort that is envisioned.The purpose of this effort would be to explore the third, or depth, dimension of large and important structures of the continental crust—a major frontier of modern earth science. Such observations should lead to a basic understanding of the crust and its evolution and hence provide a sound basis for enlightened utilization of this portion of the earth by mankind.
Black holes in review
Authors: Bell Peter M. 
Published: October 2011

Black holes are the theoretical space‐time warps where gravitational forces are so intense that all matter and energy—even light—are effectively trapped and absorbed. So far, there has been no direct evidence, no positive acceptable proof or observation, of black holes, but their incredibly unique properties have been used by modern‐day astronomers to provide explanations for many unanswered questions, including those associated with the ‘big bang,’ from which the universe is residue.Black hole theory has provided heady excitement in the past several years as its unique aspects have emerged. For example, the Hawkings radiation effect was the result of an impressive application of quantum theory to objects of astronomic dimensions that demonstrated that black holes could be the origin of the observed X ray emissions from globular star clusters. However, as the fascination with black holes continues to grow, with new results that test the laws of physics against black hole theory, physicists are beginning to cast doubt on their validity. According to a recent report, ‘… participants at an International Astronomical Union meeting in Bandung, Indonesia, presented several papers indicating the growth of something of a backlash against the black hole as an astrophysical panacea’ (New Scientist, Jan. 14, 1982). Nonetheless, as long as black holes are in fashion, theorists continue to derive interesting physical models, such as ‘On being lowered into a black hole,’ by Newcastle‐upon‐Tyne University physicist Paul Davies (New Scientist, op. cit.).
Computation of a precise mean sea surface in the eastern north Pacific using SEASAT altimetry
Authors: Marsh James G. , Cheney Robert E. , Martin Thomas V. , McCarthy John J. 
Published: October 2011

Satellite altimetry has application to both solid earth and ocean dynamics research. Because the mean surface of the ocean coincides with the geoid to within about 1 m, three‐dimensional maps constructed from grids of altimeter measurements yield information about the gravity field and processes taking place in and beneath the earth's crust. At the same time, statistical analyses of the altimeter data used to construct the surface can provide a survey of the mesoscale eddy field [Cheney and Marsh, 1981].This short report presents results obtained by using SEASAT altimetry in a 5000×5000 km area of the eastern North Pacific. We hope to illustrate several points: the precision of the SEASAT data, the power of the crossing‐arc technique employed in the data reduction, and the geodetic/oceanographic implications of precise altimetric maps.
New Saturnian satellites
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2011

Four, and possibly as many as six, new satellites of Saturn have been found as a result of data from the Voyager 2 encounter with the planet in August 1981. The discoveries bring the number of Saturnian satellites to between 21 and 23. The two ‘possible’ satellites were seen in only one observation each, so their orbits are not yet confirmed.The innermost satellite, found by Stephen P. Synnott of the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif., moves at about the same orbital distance from Saturn as the already known satellite, Mimas. The object was originally suggested by data from charged‐particle instruments aboard Voyager 2. Synpott and colleague Richard Terrile found the satellite.
White House Science Council formed
Authors: Richman Barbara T. 
Published: October 2011

The new 13‐member White House Science Council, established in mid‐February by President Reagan's science advisor George A. Keyworth, II, meets for the first time today. On the agenda is a briefing of the activities of the Office of Science and Technology Policy (OSTP) and a discussion of possible topics for future in‐depth study.Chief among its responsibilities, the council is to advise Keyworth on science and technology issues of national concern. The council, scheduled to meet once every 2 months, will discuss specific issues assigned by the science advisor and will keep him abreast of changing perspectives in the science and technology communities. The council may form subgroups or panels to conduct studies on specific issues assigned by Keyworth.
Notes from a capitol fellow
Authors: Shaw George H. 
Published: October 2011

As we await the opening of the 2nd session of the 97th Congress [which began on Jan. 24—Ed.], a lull in activity affords me the chance to communicate some views on my experience as the 1981–1982 AGU Congressional Science Fellow. In trying to avoid repetition of what previous fellows have written, I specifically refer you to the two articles written by last year's fellow Carroll Ann Hodges (Eos, 62, March 3, 1981, p. 89; 63, Feb. 2, 1982, p. 137).Two questions naturally arise with regard to Congressional Science Fellows: Who becomes a fellow? Why does one become a fellow?
Re: Soviet river diversions
Authors: Robertson Jas O. 
Published: October 2011

The paper on ‘Soviet River Diversions’ by Phil Micklin (Eos, 62(19), May 12, 1981) has just come to hand.Referring to the map on page 489, I was interested to see the estimates of river flows for the Amu and Syr Darya, which clearly show the effect of irrigation on inflows to the Aral Sea. Recently, I was passing over the northeast corner of the sea on a flight from Tashkent to Moscow when I got the impression that increasing irrigation development on the Syr Darya is likely to decrease the annual inflow even more than in the recent past. The same state of affairs has been going on in the Caspian Sea for years, as a result of irrigation development on the Volga. My impression was that the Aral Sea had shrunk considerably from the 26,000 odd square miles (67,304 km2) area quoted (from memory) in Encyclopaedia Britannica (edition circa 1970).
Scorecard on weather predictions
Authors: Richman Barbara T. 
Published: October 2011

No matter that several northern and eastern states were pelted by snow and sleet early in March, as far as longterm weather forecasters are concerned, winter ended on February 28. Now is the time to review their winter seasonal forecasts to determine how accurate were those predictions issued at the start of winter.The National Weather Service (NWS) predicted on November 27, 1981, that the winter season would bring colder‐than‐normal temperatures to the eastern half of the United States, while temperatures were expected to be higher than normal in the westernmost section (see Figure 1). The NWS made no prediction for the middle of the country, labeling the area ‘indeterminate,’ or having the same chance of experiencing above‐normal temperatures as below‐normal temperatures, explained Donald L. Gilman, chief of the NWS long‐range forecasting group.
Cosmic dust for study
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2011

Since May 1981, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) has had a program to collect cosmic dust particles in the earth's stratosphere at altitudes on the order of 18 km. The cosmic dust particles are presumed to be micrometeorites, and thus they constitute a useful source of extraterrestrial material, free of the contamination that can be found in meteorites collected on the ground.The cosmic dust particles are not easy to collect, considering the altitude and the requirements to avoid contamination. The methods employed include the use of a high‐flying WB57F aircraft (a recommissioned light‐duty bombertype aircraft), on the wings of which are mounted eight flat‐plate ‘flags’ coated with silicone oil. The flags are mounted in specially constructed wing pylons that insure maintenance of a high level of cleanliness between periods of active sampling. When the plane reaches altitude, the pilot can cause the flags to be exposed by remote control, and he can cause the flags to retreat into sealed storage containers before descent.
JGR to publish LPSC Proceedings
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2011

AGU will publish the Proceedings of the Lunar and Planetary Science Conference (LPSC), organized by the Lunar and Planetary Institute (LPI), as a special supplement to the Red section of the Journal of Geophysical Research. The conference, being held this week in Houston, Tex., is sponsored by LPI, the Johnson Space Center, and AGU. The present 39‐member board of JGR‐Red associate editors will be expanded to account for the handling of the increased number of papers in petrology and geochemistry.William Boynton has accepted a 1‐year special assignment as Proceedings Editor and will work in concert with JGR‐Red Editor Thomas Ahrens. In addition, the regular JGR‐Red board of associate editors has been expanded to include Boynton, Michael J. Drake, Richard A.F. Grieve, John F. Kerridge, Guenter W. Lugmair, James Papike, Robert O. Pepin, and Heinrich Wönke.
Mt. St. Helens eruption forecast
Authors: Richman Barbara T. 
Published: October 2011

‘Accelerating rates of ground deformations in the crater of Mount St. Helens suggest that an eruption, most likely of the dome‐building type, will probably begin in 1 to 5 days,’ according to a statement issued on March 15 by scientists at the U. S. Geological Survey and the University of Washington. The statement supersedes one issued on March 12 which stated that an eruption would be likely in the following 3 weeks.According to the report issued at 10:30 P.M. (EST) on March 15, ‘Deep earthquakes have almost ceased, and shallow earthquakes continue at a moderate rate. Further increase in shallow seismicity is likely before eruptions start.’
OTA congressional fellowships
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2011

The Office of Technology Assessment (OTA) is seeking qualified candidates from academic, industrial, and governmental communities for its Congressional Fellowship Program for 1982–83. The program is similar to AGU's Congressional Fellowship Program (Eos, February 16, p. 164) in that it provides an opportunity for individuals who have demonstrated outstanding ability in management or research to gain a better understanding of the science and technology issues facing Congress and the way in which Congress establishes national policy related to these issues.The fellowships, open to men and women of all disciplines of science and technology and related policy or research activities, will emphasize interdisciplinary approaches to public policy concerns. Candidates must have completed research and training at the doctoral level or have equivalent experience, as determined by the OTA Selection Committee. Salaries will range from $25,000 to $37,000 for 1 year, based on the fellows' current salary, training, and experience.
Fram 2 in the eastern Arctic
Authors: Baggeroer Arthur B. , Dyer Ira 
Published: October 2011

Fram 2 was a research program conducted from ice stations on drifting pack ice from March 19, 1980 to May 5, 1980. The research concentrated on underwater acoustics, marine geophysics, and physical oceanography in the eastern Arctic Ocean and had the financial support of the Office of Naval Research.Personnel from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI), Lamont‐Doherty Geological Observatory (LDGO), Bedford Institute of Oceanography (BIO), University of Washington (UW), Naval Underwater Systems Center (NUSC), Naval Research Laboratory (NRL), and Polar Research Laboratory, Inc. (PRL), participated in the program. The Fram 2 program had logistic air support by the 317th Tactical Air Wing of the U.S. Air Force, by the Danish Air Force, Greenland Air Charter, Bradley Air, and PolAir. The Polar Science Center of the University of Washington (PSCUW) was responsible for the overall planning and management of the logistics support.