bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Korean species of the genus Adota Casey (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Aleocharinae) with description of two new species
Authors: Lee Seung‐Gyu , Yoo In‐Seong , Ahn Kee‐Jeong 
Published: November 2011

The athetine genus Adota Casey, 1910 contains seven species worldwide and six of which are restricted to seashores (Smetana 2004, Frank & Ahn 2011). Fenyes (1918, 1920) raised Adota to generic rank from a subgenus of Atheta based on the absence of infraorbital carina. Gusarov (2003) revised the Nearcic Adota species, and described one new species. Three species and four species are described in Nearcic and Palaearctic region, respectively. In the Palaearctic region, all species have been reported from Japan. Adota magnipennis is the only species recorded in the Korean Peninsula by Park et al. (2007). Most Adota species can be found under seaweeds and stones on seashore.Members of the Adota can be distinguished from other athetine genera by combination of the following characters: body parallel‐sided, flattened dorsoventrally; surface densely pubescent and finely punctured, with isodiametric microsculpture; antennomere 2 little longer than 3; infraorbital carina absent; pronotal pubescence directed anteriorly in midline; tarsi with long setae ventrally, metatarsomere 1 about as long as 2; empodial seta about as long as claw; abdominal tergites III–VI transversely impressed in basal region; spermatheca one coiled distally.In this study, we recognized four Adota species in Korea, including two new species, A. koreana Lee and Ahn new species and A. minuta Lee and Ahn new species. Adota ushio is recorded for the first time in Korea. A key, habitus photographs and line drawings of diagnostic characters are provided.
The Korean species of the genus Coenonica Kraatz (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Aleocharinae)
Authors: Kim Yoon‐Ho , Ahn Kee‐Jeong 
Published: November 2011

The genus Coenonica Kraatz in the tribe Homalotini Heer is composed of 154 species from the World and 38 species in the Palaearctic region. In East Asia, 17 species have been recorded from China and four species from Japan. In Korea, two species, Coenonica absurda Pace and C. lewisa (Sharp), have been recorded by Paśnik (2001) from North Korea.Members of the genus Coenonica are characterized by the combination of following features: body depressed, pronotum with a U or V‐shaped impression, meso‐ and metaventral processes rounded or truncate apically.During an ongoing study of the Korean Homalotini, we found four Coenonica species. Coenonica absurda Pace and C. lewisa (Sharp) are reported for the first time in South Korea, and C. sharpi (Fauvel) and C. zhejiangensis Pace from the Korean peninsula. We provide a key to the species of Korean Coenonica and illustrations of habitus photographs with line drawings of diagnostic characters. The specimens studied are deposited in the Chungnam National University Insect Collection (CNUIC, Daejeon), Korea.
Two Newly Recorded Species of tribe Eucosmini (Lepidoptera, Tortricidae) from North Korea
Authors: Byun Bong‐Kyu , Lee Bong‐Woo , Roh Seung‐Jin 
Published: November 2011

In this study, we report two species of the tribe Eucosmini for the first time from North Korea. The purpose of this paper is to report these new faunistic date for understanding the distributional information of North Korea. Photographs of adults and genitalia are provided, with brief comments on the taxonomic information and biology. Examined materials in the present study are now preserved in the Lepidopterological collection of Hungarian Natural History Museum (HNHM), Budapest, Hungary.Species accountsNotocelia rosaecolana DoubledayMaterial examined. 1♀, Prov. South Pyongan, Pyongyang Hotel, 4. Sept. 1971, leg. S. Harvatovich et J. Papp‐gen. sl. KNA 080; 1♂, Prov. South Pyongan, Pyongyang Hotel garden, 17. Aug. 1971, leg. S. Harvatovich et J. Papp‐gen. sl. KNA 016; 1♂, Prov. South Pyongan, Pyongyang Hotel garden, 11. Aug. 1971, leg. S. Harvatovich et J. Papp‐gen. sl. KNA 041; 1♂, Prov. South Pyongan, Pyongyang Hotel garden, 14. Aug. 1971, leg. S. Harvatovich et J. Papp;Rhopobota ustomaculana CurtisMaterial examined. 1♀, Prov. Ryanggang, Chann‐Pay Plateau, Sam‐Ji‐Yan 1700m 24 Jul 1975 leg J. Papp et A. Vojnits‐gen. sl. KNA 020
Investigation on the virologic vector‐borne diseases by mosquito vector in Yeongnam, Korea
Authors: Hwang Heeju , Kang SeWon , No ByungUn , Lee Dongkyu , Lee WookGyo , Shin EHyun , Park Chan , Hwang UiWook , Yu HakSun , Han YeonSoo , Lee YongSeok , Jeong JiEun 
Published: November 2011

To prevent the influx, propagation and spread of epidemic vectors (vector borne disease) that are increasing due to global warming and climate change, we kept the mosquito vectors under constant surveillance from April (2nd week) to September (3rd week), 2011 in Yeongnam area. Samples were collected at Youngdo (Busan) for Dengue fever and Yellow fever and by support of Gimcheon, Gyeongju, Ulju(Ulsan), Jinju, Hapcheon public health center for Japanese encephalitis and malaria, and also at two sites in Eulsook‐do for Westnile.A BG‐sentinel trap was used to collect samples for Dengue fever and Yellow fever, whereas black light traps were used for Westnile and Japanese encephalitis. At first, mosquito vectors were classified according to a standard classification method and then identified as to whether or not each of the collected samples had the pathogens by using the Real‐time PCR method.Two species of mosquito vectors, Culex pipiens pallens and Ochlerotatus togoi were mostly collected by BG‐sentinel traps. On the other hand, Aedes vexans nipponii and Anopheles sinensis were mainly collected by black light traps (until May). Since then, the number of Culex tritaeniorhynchus gradually increased and then declined in September. The largest number, a total of 12,624 mosquito vectors were collected in the Jinju region during collection. As the result of the Real‐time PCR experiment to detect the pathogens, no viruses had been detected, until now. But it requires sustainable and long‐term monitoring because infectious disease is expected to be spread in the long term.
Report on the rate of Orientia tsutsugamushi infection in Hapcheon and Miryang, Korea
Authors: Kang SeWon , Hwang Heeju , Jeong JiEun , Lee WookGyo , Shin EHyun , Park Chan , Hwang UiWook , Yu HakSun , Han YeonSoo , Lee YongSeok 
Published: November 2011

Most of the epidemic spread is closely related to the growth environment of insects or rodents as mediators. Climate changes make their growth environment change resulting in an epidemic infection increase. Even though the incidence of scrub typhus is increasing, little is known about scrub typhus compared with other infectious diseases in Korea. The tsutsugamushi infection prevalence of Orientia tsutsugamushi carried by tick was projected for surveillance from April to September in 2011. Chigger mites were collected at Miryang (Mt. Gaji) and Hapcheon (Gaya‐myeon) by the Sherman live trap and hanging method. Each collected samples were identified by microscope. Genomic DNAs were purified using CTB extraction kit and amplified by PCR using INNOPLEX TSUTSU detection kit.The number of chigger mites was highest in April, and then gradually declined. No chigger mites were collected in July (1st week) and August (1st week). However, chigger mites were collected again after September. We detected Orientia tsutsugamushi from samples collected in May (2nd week) using INNOPLEX TSUTSU detection kit. There has been no sign of an epidemic disease caused by climate change with the exception of tsutsugamushi infection in Korea until now. But, it is gradually requiring continuous monitoring, and the development of protective technology and emergency system for rapid, accurate diagnosis and treatment.
Impact of the 2009/2010 influenza A (H1N1) pandemic on trends in influenza hospitalization, diagnostic testing, and treatment
Authors: Hernandez Jaime E. , Grainger Joanne , Simonsen Lone , Collis Phil , Edelman Laurel , Sheridan William P. 
Published: November 2011

Please cite this paper as: Hernandez et al. (2012) Impact of the 2009/2010 influenza A (H1N1) pandemic on trends in influenza hospitalization, diagnostic testing, and treatment. Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses 6(5), 305–308.Analysis of a US hospitalization database demonstrated that more influenza patients were hospitalized and the age distribution of hospitalizations was younger during the 2009 (H1N1) influenza A pandemic compared with the three previous influenza seasons. The duration of hospital stay remained stable in all four seasons. A higher proportion of patients was treated with antivirals (P < 0·0001), comprised almost entirely of neuraminidase inhibitors, and the proportion was highest in those with influenza confirmed by diagnostic testing (P < 0·0001). Approximately one‐third remained untreated. Young children had the lowest rate of neuraminidase‐inhibitor treatment during the 2009 pandemic (P < 0·05).
The Bystander Effect is a Novel Mechanism of UVA‐Induced Melanogenesis
Authors: Nishiura Hideki , Kumagai Jun , Kashino Genro , Okada Takuya , Tano Keizo , Watanabe Masami 
Published: November 2011

AbstractWe successfully identified the bystander effect in B16 murine melanoma cells exposed to UVA irradiation. The effect was identified based on melanogenesis following the medium transfer of the B16 cells, which had been cultured for 24 h after being exposed to UVA irradiation, to nonirradiated cells (bystander cells). Our confirmation study of the functional mechanism of bystander cells confirmed the reduced levels of mitochondrial membrane potential 1–4 h after the medium transfer. In addition, we observed increased levels of intracellular oxidation after 9–12 h, and the generation of melanin radicals, including long‐lived radicals, 24 h after medium transfer. Further analysis of bystander factors revealed that the administration of EGTA treatment at the time of medium transfer led to an inhibition of melanogenesis and to neutralization of the mitochondrial membrane potential level, as well as to the restoration of intracellular oxidation levels to those of controls. The results demonstrated that the UVA irradiation bystander effect in B16 cells, as indicated by melanogenesis, was induced by the increase in intracellular oxidation due to the mitochondrial activity of calcium ions, which were among the bystander factors involved in the increase.
Survey‐Based Approach for Hydrological Vulnerability Indicators Due to Climate Change: Case Study of Small‐Scale Rivers1
Authors: Jung Yong , Choi Minha 
Published: November 2011

Jung, Yong and Minha Choi, 2012. Survey‐Based Approach for Hydrological Vulnerability Indicators Due to Climate Change: Case Study of Small‐Scale Rivers. Journal of the American Water Resources Association (JAWRA) 48(2): 256‐265. DOI: 10.1111/j.1752‐1688.2011.00608.xAbstract:  The vulnerability indicators can be used to develop water resource policy in the context of climate change. The Delphi method, an interactive prediction technique, is an efficient way to apply weighting functionality to vulnerability indicators consisting of three parts: Exposure, Sensitivity, and Adaptive Capacity on climate change. The Delphi method is an anonymous iterative survey of expert opinion, which is then shared with other participants. A total of three different rounds were carried out. The first round was a problem selection set, and the second and third were the standard Delphi survey. Fifty‐eight experts (66% academic and 34% practitioner) were invited. The rates of reply were 59, 50, and 38% for the first, second, and third Delphi processes, respectively. The degree of consensus of the Delphi survey was validated via variance changes and Kendall’s W test. Exposure and Adaptive Capacity presented increased levels of agreement among respondents in their given priorities. Particularly strong convergence (0.20 to 0.71 in Kendall’s W) of the experts’ opinions for Adaptive Capacity was observed. The results of this study indicate that finalized factors with ultimate weights through the Delphi method can be a strong support for governmental policy making with respect to climate change.
Genomic toolboxes for conservation biologists
Authors: Angeloni Francesco , Wagemaker Niels , Vergeer Philippine , Ouborg Joop 
Published: November 2011

AbstractConservation genetics is expanding its research horizon with a genomic approach, by incorporating the modern techniques of next‐generation sequencing (NGS). Application of NGS overcomes many limitations of conservation genetics. First, NGS allows for genome‐wide screening of markers, which may lead to a more representative estimation of genetic variation within and between populations. Second, NGS allows for distinction between neutral and non‐neutral markers. By screening populations on thousands of single nucleotide polymorphism markers, signals of selection can be found for some markers. Variation in these markers will give insight into functional rather than neutral genetic variation. Third, NGS facilitates the study of gene expression. Conservation genomics will increase our insight in how the environment and genes interact to affect phenotype and fitness. In addition, the NGS approach opens a way to study processes such as inbreeding depression and local adaptation mechanistically. Conservation genetics programs are directed to a fundamental understanding of the processes involved in conservation genetics and should preferably be started in species for which large databases on ecology, demography and genetics are available. Here, we describe and illustrate the connection between the application of NGS technologies and the research questions in conservation. The perspectives of conservation genomics programs are also discussed.
Standards Meetings Calendar–National
Authors: Blaeser Susan B. , Schomer Paul D. 
Published: November 2011

American National Standards (ANSI Standards) developed by Accredited Standards Committees S1, S2, S3, and S12 in the areas of acoustics, mechanical vibration and shock, bioacoustics, and noise, respectively, are published by the Acoustical Society of America (ASA). In addition to these standards, ASA publishes catalogs of Acoustical Standards, both National and International. To receive copies of the latest Standards Catalogs, please contact Susan B. Blaeser.
Comments are welcomed on all material in Acoustical Standards News.
This Acoustical Standards News section in JASA, as well as the National and International Catalogs of Acoustical Standards, and other information on the Standards Program of the Acoustical Society of America, are available via the ASA home page: http://acousticalsociety.org.
Poly-γ-Glutamic Acid Nanoparticles and Aluminum Adjuvant Used as an Adjuvant with a Single Dose of Japanese Encephalitis Virus-Like Particles Provide Effective Protection from Japanese Encephalitis Virus
Authors: Okamoto Shigefumi , Yoshii Hironori , Matsuura Masaaki , Kojima Asato , Ishikawa Toyokazu , Akagi Takami , Akashi Mitsuru , Takahashi Michiaki , Yamanishi Koichi , Mori Yasuko 
Published: November 2011

ABSTRACT
To maintain immunity against Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV), a formalin-inactivated Japanese encephalitis (JE) vaccine should be administered several times. The repeated vaccination is not helpful in the case of a sudden outbreak of JEV or when urgent travel to a high-JEV-risk region is required; however, there are few single-injection JE vaccine options. In the present study, we investigated the efficacy of a single dose of a new effective JE virus-like particle preparation containing the JE envelope protein (JE-VLP). Although single administration with JE-VLP protected less than 50% of mice against lethal JEV infection, adding poly(γ-glutamic acid) nanoparticles (γ-PGA-NPs) or aluminum adjuvant (alum) to JE-VLP significantly protected more than 90% of the mice. A single injection of JE-VLP with either γ-PGA-NPs or alum induced a significantly greater anti-JEV neutralizing antibody titer than JE-VLP alone. The enhanced titers were maintained for more than 6 months, resulting in long-lasting protection of 90% of the immunized mice. Although the vaccine design needs further modification to reach 100% protection, a single dose of JE-VLP with γ-PGA-NPs may be a useful step in developing a next-generation vaccine to stop a JE outbreak or to immunize travelers or military personnel.
Performance Assessment of the CapitalBio Mycobacterium Identification Array System for Identification of Mycobacteria
Authors: Liu Jingbo , Yue Jun , Yan Zihe , Han Min , Han Zhijun , Jin Lingjie , Zhao Yanlin 
Published: November 2011

ABSTRACT

The CapitalBio
Mycobacterium
identification microarray system is a rapid system for the detection of
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
. The performance of this system was assessed with 24 reference strains, 486
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
clinical isolates, and 40 clinical samples and then compared to the “gold standard” of DNA sequencing. The CapitalBio
Mycobacterium
identification microarray system showed highly concordant identification results of 100% and 98.4% for
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
complex (MTC) and nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM), respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of the CapitalBio
Mycobacterium
identification array for identification of
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
isolates were 99.6% and 100%, respectively, for direct detection and identification of clinical samples, and the overall sensitivity was 52.5%. It was 100% for sputum, 16.7% for pleural fluid, and 10% for bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, respectively. The total assay was completed in 6 h, including DNA extraction, PCR, and hybridization. The results of this study confirm the utility of this system for the rapid identification of mycobacteria and suggest that the CapitalBio
Mycobacterium
identification array is a molecular diagnostic technique with high sensitivity and specificity that has the capacity to quickly identify most mycobacteria.
Characterization and Comparison of Invasive Corynebacterium diphtheriae Isolates from France and Poland
Authors: Farfour E. , Badell E. , Zasada A. , Hotzel H. , Tomaso H. , Guillot S. , Guiso N. 
Published: November 2011

ABSTRACT

Corynebacterium diphtheriae
, the agent of diphtheria, is rarely responsible for bacteremia. However, high numbers of bacteremia have been reported in countries with extensive immunization coverage. Here, we used molecular and phenotypic tools to characterize and compare 42 invasive isolates collected in France (including New Caledonia) and Poland over a 23-year period.
Yield of Sputum for Viral Detection by Reverse Transcriptase PCR in Adults Hospitalized with Respiratory Illness
Authors: Falsey Ann R. , Formica Maria A. , Walsh Edward E. 
Published: November 2011

ABSTRACT
Diagnostic tests for respiratory viral infections have traditionally been performed on nasopharyngeal swabs or washings. Reverse transcriptase PCR (RT-PCR) is rapid, sensitive, and specific for viral infection diagnosis but is rarely applied to sputum samples. Thus, we evaluated the diagnostic yield of RT-PCR for detection of nine virus types by the use of nose and throat swabs (NTS) and sputum samples from patients admitted to the hospital with acute respiratory tract illnesses. Adults hospitalized with acute respiratory tract illnesses were recruited during the winters of 2008 and 2009. At enrollment, combined nose and throat swabs and sputum samples were collected for RT-PCR for detection of nine common respiratory virus types. A total of 532 subjects admitted for 556 respiratory illnesses were enrolled. A total of 189 virus strains were identified. The diagnostic yields for detection of any virus were 23% (126/556) for NTS RT-PCR and 36% (146/404) for sputum RT-PCR. A total of 83 (44%) of 189 viral detections were positive by both methods, 43 (23%) were positive by NTS alone, and 63 (33%) were positive only with sputum samples. The inclusion of RT-PCR performed with sputum samples significantly increased the diagnostic yield for respiratory viral infections in adults. Further studies designed to adapt the use of sputum samples for commercial RT-PCR respiratory virus assays are needed.
The Cellular Chaperone Hsc70 Is Specifically Recruited to Reovirus Viral Factories Independently of Its Chaperone Function
Authors: Kaufer Susanne , Coffey Caroline M. , Parker John S. L. 
Published: November 2011

ABSTRACTMammalian orthoreoviruses replicate and assemble in the cytosol of infected cells. A viral nonstructural protein, μNS, forms large inclusion-like structures called viral factories (VFs) in which assembling viral particles can be identified. Here we examined the localization of the cellular chaperone Hsc70 and found that it colocalizes with VFs in infected cells and also with viral factory-like structures (VFLs) formed by ectopically expressed μNS. Small interfering RNA (siRNA)-mediated knockdown of Hsc70 did not affect the formation or maintenance of VFLs. We further showed that dominant negative mutants of Hsc70 were also recruited to VFLs, indicating that Hsc70 recruitment to VFLs is independent of the chaperone function. In support of this finding, μNS was immunoprecipitated with wild-type Hsc70, with a dominant negative mutant of Hsc70, and with the minimal substrate-binding site of Hsc70 (amino acids 395 to 540). We identified a minimal region of μNS between amino acids 222 and 271 that was sufficient for the interaction with Hsc70. This region of μNS has not been assigned any function previously. However, neither point mutants with alterations in this region nor the complete deletion of this domain abrogated the μNS-Hsc70 interaction, indicating that a second portion of μNS also interacts with Hsc70. Taken together, these findings suggest a specific chaperone function for Hsc70 within viral factories, the sites of reovirus replication and assembly in cells.
Kaposi's Sarcoma-Associated Herpesvirus Latency-Associated Nuclear Antigen Induction by Hypoxia and Hypoxia-Inducible Factors
Authors: Veeranna Ravindra P. , Haque Muzammel , Davis David A. , Yang Min , Yarchoan Robert 
Published: November 2011

ABSTRACT
Hypoxia and hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) play an important role in the Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) life cycle. In particular, hypoxia can activate lytic replication of KSHV and specific lytic genes, including the replication and transcription activator (RTA), while KSHV infection in turn can increase the levels and activity of HIFs. In the present study, we show that hypoxia increases the levels of mRNAs encoding KSHV latency-associated nuclear antigen (LANA) in primary effusion lymphoma (PEL) cell lines and also increases the levels of LANA protein. Luciferase reporter assays in Hep3B cells revealed a moderate activation of the LANA promoter region by hypoxia as well as by cotransfection with degradation-resistant HIF-1α or HIF-2α expression plasmids. Computer analysis of a 1.2-kb sequence upstream of the LANA translational start site identified six potential hypoxia-responsive elements (HRE). Sequential deletion studies revealed that much of this activity was mediated by one of these HREs (HRE 4R) oriented in the 3′ to 5′ direction and located between the constitutive (LTc) and RTA-inducible (LTi) mRNA start sites. Site-directed mutation of this HRE substantially reduced the response to both HIF-1α and HIF-2α in a luciferase reporter assay. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays (EMSA) and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assays demonstrated binding of both HIF-1α and HIF-2α to this region. Also, HIF-1α was found to associate with RTA, and HIFs enhanced the activation of LTi by RTA. These results provide evidence that hypoxia and HIFs upregulate both latent and lytic KSHV replication and play a central role in the life cycle of this virus.