bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ventricular Tachyarrhythmia Associated with Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy: Incidence, Prognosis, and Relation to Type of Hypertrophy
Authors: FURUSHIMA HIROSHI , CHINUSHI MASAOMI , IIJIMA KENICHI , SANADA AKIKO , IZUMI DAISUKE , HOSAKA YUKIO , AIZAWA YOSHIFUSA 
Published: May 2010

VT Associated with HCM. Objective: To assess the incidence, characteristics, and prognosis of ventricular tachyarrhythmia in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). Patients: The study consisted of 66 consecutive patients with HCM who were admitted to Niigata University Hospital between 1992 and 2005. Their clinical characteristics and ECG morphology were investigated according to the type of HCM. Results: The type of HCM was asymmetric hypertrophy (ASH) in 34 patients (51%), obstructive HCM (HOCM) in 9 (14%), apical HCM (ApHCM) in 14 (21%), and midventricular obstruction (MVO) in 9 (14%). The cause of admission was ventricular tachyarrhythmia in 25 patients (38%), unexplained syncope in 11 (17%), and heart failure in 30 (45%). Sustained monomorphic ventricular tachycardia (SMVT) occurred in 19 patients and ventricular fibrillation in 6. In the 19 patients with SMVT, 12 had MVO and 3 of these had previous apHCM. Six of the 19 patients with SMVT had ASH, and 3 had abnormal apical wall motion. In 14 patients, the SMVT appeared to originate from the apical aneurysm based on the morphology of the tachycardia. Ventricular tachyarrhythmia recurred in 14 of the 25 patients (56%), and 4 of the 18 patients with an ICD had electrical storm. ASH with abnormal wall motion of the LV apex or MVO was recognized in the 4 patients with electrical storm; they commonly had abnormal Q waves and ST elevation in leads V4–V6. Conclusion: Ventricular tachyarrhythmia was responsible for 38% of hospitalizations in HCM, and SMVT occurred in patients with MVO and/or with abnormal wall motion of the LV apex. Electrical storm was more common in patients with ST elevation in precordial leads V4–V6. (J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol, Vol. 21, pp. 991‐999, September 2010)
The effect of diabetes mellitus on osseous healing
Authors: Retzepi M. , Donos N. 
Published: May 2010

Abstract: Diabetes mellitus and, in particular, type 1 diabetes has been associated with impaired osseous wound healing properties. The scope of the present review is to discuss the clinical evidence supporting a higher rate of complications during fracture healing in diabetic patients and the histological evidence indicating impaired potential for intramembranous and endochondral ossification in the presence of uncontrolled experimental diabetes. The article further provides a synthesis of our current understanding of the plausible molecular mechanisms underlying the diabetic bone healing pathophysiology and of the role of insulin treatment in promoting osseous healing in the diabetic status. To cite this article:
Retzepi M, Donos N. The effect of diabetes mellitus on osseous healing. Clin. Oral Impl. Res. 21, 2010; 673–681. doi: 10.1111/j.1600‐0501.2010.01923.x
Reduction of different inflammatory cell types of the innate immune system in psoriatic skin during etanercept treatment
Authors: De Groot Marjan , Teunissen Marcel B.M. , Picavet Daisy I. , De Rie Menno A. , Bos Jan D. 
Published: May 2010

Please cite this paper as: Reduction of different inflammatory cell types of the innate immune system in psoriatic skin during etanercept treatment. Experimental Dermatology 2010; 19: 754–756.Abstract:  To investigate whether specific markers for innate immunity would diminish with successful treatment in psoriasis, we analyzed lesional and non‐lesional skin biopsies taken from patients with moderate to severe psoriasis during 12 weeks of treatment with etanercept in correlation with the clinical response. In the clinical responders (PASI reduction >50%), all markers (CD3, CD68, CD161, elastase, BDCA‐2, TNF‐α) showed a decline during treatment, indicating a pivotal role for innate immunity in the pathogenesis of psoriasis.
A modified cognitive behavioural model as a method to improve adherence to oral hygiene instructions – a pilot study
Authors: Fjellström M , Yakob M , Söder B 
Published: May 2010

To cite this article:

Int J Dent Hygiene 8, 2010; 178–182 DOI: 10.1111/j.1601‐5037.2010.00457.x Fjellström M, Yakob M, Söder B. A modified cognitive behavioural model as a method to improve adherence to oral hygiene instructions – a pilot study.Abstract:  Objective:  The purpose of this project was to create a modified CBT model to determine the impact on increased adherence to oral hygiene instructions. In a pilot study test, this model was compared with traditional instructions.Method:  Tools developed and tested in this pilot study were a self‐reporting questionnaire, a visual information consisting of pictures and a diary to document according to a modified CBT method. Four participants were divided into two groups, control group and CBT group. At the first visit, all participants answered a self‐reporting questionnaire. The clinical examination consisted of measuring the PI, GI and GBI. The same information and instructions were given. All received toothbrushes, dental floss and professional tooth cleaning. The CBT group was instructed to document their feelings and thoughts in a diary. After 3 weeks, the participants answered the same questionnaire, and the same clinical measurements were conducted at the re‐examination. The CBT group brought their diaries for evaluation.Result:  At the end of the study, there was a difference in PI, GI and GBI between the groups. The levels of PI, GI and GBI had decreased more in the CBT group than in the control group. The questionnaire also showed that the CBT group had increased their knowledge and awareness about oral health.Conclusion:  This pilot study shows that using a modified model of CBT, by keeping a diary, resulted in increased adherence to oral hygiene and knowledge about gingivitis, compared with traditional instructions.
Functional neural correlates of mindfulness meditations in comparison with psychotherapy, pharmacotherapy and placebo effect. Is there a link?
Authors: Chiesa Alberto , Brambilla Paolo , Serretti Alessandro 
Published: May 2010

Chiesa A, Brambilla P, Serretti A. Functional neural correlates of mindfulness meditations in comparison with psychotherapy, pharmacotherapy and placebo effect. Is there a link?Objective:Mindfulness meditations (MM) are a group of meditation practices which are increasingly receiving attention. The aim of the present work is to review current findings about the neural correlates of MM and compare such findings with other specific and non-specific treatments.Methods:A literature search was undertaken using MEDLINE, ISI web of knowledge, the Cochrane database and references of retrieved articles. Studies which focused on the functional neural correlates of MM, psychotherapy, pharmacotherapy and placebo published up to August 2009 were screened in order to be considered for the inclusion.Results:Main findings suggest that long-term MM practice allows a more flexible emotional regulation by engaging frontal cortical structures to dampen automatic amygdala activation. A large overlap exists between cerebral areas activated during MM, psychotherapy, pharmacotherapy and those activated by placebo. However, while MM, psychotherapy and placebo seem to act through a top-down regulation, antidepressants seem to act through a bottom-up process.Conclusion:MM seem to target specific brain areas related to emotions and emotional regulation. Similar mechanisms have been observed also in other interventions, particularly psychotherapy.
Social adversity predicts ADHD‐medication in school children – a national cohort study
Authors: Hjern A , Weitoft GR , Lindblad F 
Published: May 2010

AbstractAims:  To test the hypothesis that psychosocial adversity in the family predicts medicated ADHD in school children.Method:  ADHD‐medication during 2006 was identified in the Swedish Prescribed Drug Register in national birth cohorts of 1.1 million 6–19 year olds. Logistic regression models adjusted for parental psychiatric disorders were used to test our hypothesis.Results:  There was a clear gradient for ADHD medication with level of maternal education, with an adjusted odds ratio of 2.20 (2.04–2.38) for the lowest compared with the highest level. Lone parenthood and reception of social welfare also implied higher risks of ADHD‐medication with adjusted ORs of 1.45 (1.38–1.52) and 2.06 (1.92–2.21) respectively. Low maternal education predicted 33% of cases with medicated ADHD and single parenthood 14%.Conclusions:  Social adversity in the family predicts a considerable proportion of ADHD‐medication in school children in Sweden.
Thimerosal exposure (from tetanus‐diphtheria vaccine) during pregnancy and neurodevelopment of breastfed infants at 6 months
Authors: Marques RC , Dórea JG , Bernardi JVE 
Published: May 2010

AbstractAim:  We studied the effect on neurodevelopment of infants who are exposed to thimerosal in tetanus‐diphtheria (Td) vaccines during pregnancy.Methods:  We compared Gesell Developmental Schedules (GDS) of exclusive breastfed infants at 6 months born to mothers who received Td (1 to 3 doses) against those who were born to mothers who did not take such vaccines.Results:  Compared with the group of infants not exposed to ethylmercury in utero, the infants of exposed mothers showed no significant difference in neurodevelopment delays. Although there was a significant correlation between hair‐Hg of mothers and hair‐Hg of neonates (Spearman r = 0.353; p = 0.0011), there was no significant correlation between the level of in utero exposure to ethylmercury in Td vaccines and neonate’s hair‐Hg concentrations (Spearman r = 0.060; p = 0.5922). However, regression analysis showed that GDS at 6 months was significantly associated with total mercury concentration of neonate’s hair but was not sensitive to the number of vaccines taken by the mother.Conclusion:  Early neurodevelopment of exclusively breastfed infants is sensitive to in utero exposure to mercury, but maternal thimerosal exposure in tetanus‐diphtheria vaccines per se cannot portend clinical neurodevelopment delays measured by GDS at 6 months.
Brief report: validity of Finnish registry‐based diagnoses of autism with the ADI‐R
Authors: Lampi KM , Sourander A , Gissler M , Niemelä S , Rehnström K , Pulkkinen E , Peltonen L , Von Wendt L 
Published: May 2010

AbstractAims:  The aim of the study was to explore the validity of registry‐based diagnoses of autism in Finland using the Autism Diagnostic Interview – Revised (ADI‐R). This study was designed for the Finnish Prenatal Study of Autism and Autism Spectrum Disorders (FIPS‐A), an ongoing research project where registry‐based diagnoses will be used for epidemiological studies.Methods:  In this small pilot study, a clinical sample of 95 subjects diagnosed with childhood autism or pervasive developmental disorder/pervasive developmental disorder – not otherwise specified (PDD/PDD‐NOS) or Asperger′s syndrome according to the Finnish Hospital Discharge Register (FHDR) was gathered nationwide. A small control group consisting of siblings without any registered diagnoses of those being examined was also included in the study. Diagnoses were further re‐evaluated by interviewing parents with the ADI‐R.Results:  The mean scores of autistic subjects clearly exceeded cut‐off limits for autism on all three ADI‐R domains and 96% of the subjects with registered diagnosis of childhood autism fulfilled the criteria based on the instrument as well.Conclusion:  These results suggest that the validity of Finnish registry‐based diagnoses of childhood autism can be considered good. Our findings lay important groundwork for further population‐ based studies of the aetiology of autism.
Follow‐up of adolescents born extremely preterm: cognitive function and health at 18 years of age
Authors: Hallin Anne‐Li , Hellström‐Westas Lena , Stjernqvist Karin 
Published: May 2010

AbstractAim:  To compare cognitive ability, school achievement and self‐perceived health aspects in adolescents born extremely preterm and term born controls.Method:  Fifty‐two, out of 61, extremely preterm born adolescents (mean age 18.4 years) and 54 matched controls (mean age 18.3 years) born at full term were investigated; intelligence quotient was measured with the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale; cognitive flexibility, i.e. a measure of visuomotor speed and attention, with the Trail Making Test; school achievement and choice of upper secondary programmes were reported. Health aspects were investigated in a semi structured interview.Result:  The adolescents born prematurely had significantly lower IQ than the controls, mean 93 (SD 15.4) vs 106 (12.5), p < 0.001; showed slower visuomotor speed; had lower grades from compulsory school (192.7 vs 234.8, p < 0.001); and chose to a greater extent practical upper secondary school programmes. There were no differences between the groups in health care consumption, prevalence of chronic disease, allergy or infectious diseases.Conclusion:  Poorer cognitive performance, in extremely preterm born individuals, seems to persist into late adolescence. Fewer prematurely born than control chose theoretical upper secondary school programmes. However, no difference was noted regarding self‐perceived health aspects.
An ex vivo Multi-Electrode Approach to Evaluate Endogenous Hormones and Receptor Subtype Pharmacology on Evoked and Spontaneous Neuronal Activity within the Ventromedial Hypothalamus; Translation from Female Receptivity
Authors: Booth Clair , Wayman Christopher P. , Jackson Vivienne Margaret 
Published: May 2010

ABSTRACT

Introduction
The ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH) controls female rodent copulatory behavior, which can be modulated by injection of various compounds into the VMH.

Aim
The aim was to determine whether evoked excitatory postsynaptic potentials (EPSPs) or single-unit activity within the VMH ex vivo is a better parameter to predict lordosis.

Methods
VMH slices were placed onto a 64 microelectrode chip and spontaneous single-unit activity was recorded or slices stimulated to evoke EPSPs.

Main Outcome Measures
The sodium channel blocker, tetrodotoxin and α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA)/kainate antagonist, 6,7-dinitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione (DNQX) inhibited EPSPs, confirming EPSPs were glutamatergic in origin. The GABAA antagonist bicuculline potentiated EPSPs implying endogenous GABA tone. Single-unit activity was abolished by tetrodotoxin but unaffected by DNQX or bicuculline.

Results
Glutamatergic neurotransmission was greatest during metestrous and following ovariectomization. The number of regions within the VMH eliciting single-unit activity was reduced following ovariectomy without changing spike frequency. Adrenergic agents increasing lordosis via the VMH in vivo, decreased glutamate neurotransmission but increased single-unit activity. Conversely, agents decreasing lordosis via the VMH increased glutamatergic neurotransmission and inhibited single-unit activity (8-OH-DPAT, [D-Ala2, N-Me-Phe4, Gly-ol5]-enkephalin, corticotropin releasing factor, bicuculline). Melanocortin and pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide agonists had no effect.

Conclusions
Here we present a novel, robust VMH in vitro technique that (i) is consistent with the hypothesis that glutamate via non-NMDA receptors inhibits lordosis; (ii) glutamate is under the endogenous tone of GABA and steroid hormones; (iii) inhibition of lordosis during metestrous and following ovariectomy potentiates glutamatergic neurotransmission; (iv) activation of Gq- and Gi-coupled receptors decreases and increases glutamate neurotransmission, respectively, with an inverse correlation on single-unit activity; (v) activation of Gs-coupled receptors has no direct effect on glutamate or single-unit activity; and (vi) potency, receptor subtypes and localization can be determined prior to in vivo studies.
Sexual Dysfunction after Rectal Surgery: A Retrospective Study of Men without Disease Recurrence
Authors: Zugor Vahudin , Miskovic Ivica , Lausen Berthold , Matzel Klaus , Hohenberger Werner , Schreiber Mathias , Labanaris Apostolos P. , Neuhuber Winfried , Witt Jörn , Schott Günter E. 
Published: May 2010

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Sexual dysfunction is a frequent complication of visceral surgery after rectal resections as a result of carcinoma of the rectum.

Aim
The purpose of our study is to assess the incidence and form of sexual dysfunction in our own population of patients.

Methods
The study comprised all patients who had undergone surgery for carcinoma of the rectum at the Erlangen Surgery University Hospital, Germany, in the period 2000–04. All male patients were retrospectively surveyed and asked to complete standardized (International Index of Erectile Function 15) questionnaires regarding their pre- and postsurgical sexual function. One hundred and forty-five questionnaires could be analyzed. The statistical evaluation was conducted with aid of the SPSS statistics program. The univariate analysis was carried out with the chi-square test and the U-test (Mann–Whitney Test).

Main Outcome Measures
Erectile dysfunction, libido, and ability to have and sustain ejaculation and orgasm (both before and after surgery in each case) were among the dependent variables when compiling the data. The impact various surgical procedures and radiochemotherapy had on the severity of the sexual dysfunctions was analyzed. The scope of the postoperative urological care given was also assessed.

Results
Erectile dysfunction was confirmed in N=112 patients (77.3%) after surgery (P-value&lt;0.001). Other parameters such as orgasm capacity (4.1% vs. 16.5%), ejaculation ability (1.4% vs. 12.4%) and libido (3.4% vs. 22%) also showed a marked deterioration postoperatively. Postoperative erectile dysfunction was present in 77% of the patients with a colostomy and in 88.5% of the patients who had received neoadjuvant radiation.

Conclusions
Male erectile dysfunction is a frequent complication after rectal resection as a result of carcinoma of the rectum. The high incidence of sexual dysfunctions results from the radical nature of the procedure and from additional radiation or colostomy therapy. These patients need accompanying urological care for treatment of their sexual dysfunction.
IIEF-15: Unsuitable for Assessing Erectile Function of Young Men?
Authors: Rynja Sybren , Bosch Ruud , Kok Esther , Wouters Gerlof , De Kort Laetitia 
Published: May 2010

ABSTRACT

Introduction
The prevalence of erectile dysfunction (ED) is mainly studied in older males, whereas we measured prevalence of ED in young healthy males using a validated questionnaire.

Aim
Assessing the prevalence of ED in young adult men using the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF-15) and creating a benchmark for ED in this young age group for further research.

Methods
Male students were randomly asked to participate. Men with history of sexual dysfunction or urologic disease were excluded. Age, having a relationship and the IIEF-15 were filled out anonymously and in private. Outcomes of all domains were separately analysed based on relationship and intercourse frequency.

Main Outcome Measures
ED measured by the IIEF-15.

Results
One hundred and fifty-one students, aged 21.8 years (17–35, SD 2.98) participated and 14 were excluded. Of 137 students, 81% reported to have an intimate relationship. ED appeared to be present in 46 students (33.6%). The answer “no sexual activity,” resulting in a 0-score, was given inconsistently. Outcomes were analysed for students who gave this answer at least once compared with those who never did. Nobody had ED in the group “without 0-scores” (n=91). All students in the group “with (inconsistent) 0-scores” (n=46) had ED. Students with a relationship had ED in 24.3% compared with 73.1% in those without a relationship (P &lt;0.001).

Conclusion
When men with inconsistently answered IIEF-15 questionnaires are excluded, a 0% prevalence of ED is found in this age-group. The current scoring method however does not state that these questionnaires should be excluded, and results in a prevalence of ED of 34%. Possibly, the scoring method of the IIEF-15 needs to be reviewed when this questionnaire is used in young, healthy men in order to accurately measure the prevalence of ED.
Turbulence in the harassed galaxy NGC4254
Authors: Dutta Prasun , Begum Ayesha , Bharadwaj Somnath , Chengalur Jayaram N. 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
Galaxy harassment is an important mechanism for the morphological evolution of galaxies in clusters. The spiral galaxy NGC4254 in the Virgo cluster is believed to be a harassed galaxy. We have analysed the power spectrum of Hi emission fluctuations from NGC4254 to investigate whether it carries any imprint of galaxy harassment. The power spectrum, as determined using the 16 central channels which contain most of the Hi emission, is found to be well fitted by a power law P(U) =AUα with α=−1.7 ± 0.2 at length-scales 1.7 to 8.4kpc. This is similar to other normal spiral galaxies which have a slope of ∼−1.5 and is interpreted as arising from two-dimensional turbulence at length-scales larger than the galaxy's scaleheight. NGC4254 is hence yet another example of a spiral galaxy that exhibits scale-invariant density fluctuations out to length-scales comparable to the diameter of the Hi disc. While a large variety of possible energy sources like protostellar winds, supernovae, shocks, etc. have been proposed to produce turbulence, it is still to be seen whether these are effective on length-scales comparable to that of the entire Hi disc. On separately analysing the Hi power spectrum in different parts of NGC4254, we find that the outer parts have a different slope (α=−2.0 ± 0.3) compared to the central part of the galaxy (α=−1.5 ± 0.2). Such a change in slope is not seen in other, undisturbed galaxies. We suggest that, in addition to changing the overall morphology, galaxy harassment also affects the fine scale structure of the interstellar medium, causing the power spectrum to have a steeper slope in the outer parts.
Pragmatics: From Theory to Experiment and Back Again
Authors: Katsos Napoleon , Cummins Chris 
Published: May 2010

AbstractThis article reviews some cases in which the collaboration of theoretical pragmaticians and psychologists of language has been most fruitful for all parties. Linguists have benefited from experimental data confirming the psychological validity of their observations and providing theory‐critical evidence in cases beyond the reach of reflective intuition, whereas psychologists have benefited from having a wealth of linguistic phenomena to study as well as multiple theories furnished by semantics and pragmatics. Focusing on the much‐discussed question of whether scalar implicature is a default inference, we aim to showcase the benefits of the experimental approach to pragmatics.
The Relationship Between Speaker’s Reference and Semantic Reference
Authors: Lumsden David 
Published: May 2010

AbstractThe distinction between speaker’s and semantic reference arose in connection with Donnellan’s distinction between the referential use and the attributive use of definite descriptions. The central issue concerning the referential/attributive distinction is whether it is semantic or pragmatic. Kripke favours the pragmatic interpretation and developed the terminology of speaker’s and semantic reference in his explanation. The notion of speaker’s reference can apply also to uses of proper names, demonstratives, indefinite descriptions and quantifier expressions. The main danger for the speaker’s reference/semantic reference distinction lies in controversy over the semantics/pragmatics interface. Both Relevance Theory and neo‐Gricean theory acknowledge the phenomenon of pragmatic intrusion into semantics. If the pragmatic intrusion involves objective context rather than speaker’s intentions this may permit a distinction between speaker’s and semantic reference.