bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Beyond the ‘China Model’
Authors: Bunskoek Raoul 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This chapter critically reconceptualizes the “China Model” of development. Rather than examining the “China Model” discourse regarding African spaces, the chapter critiques this framing and argues that Chinese-styled development is neither “Chinese” nor a “model.” Rather, Chinese development practice is characterized by its relationally constructed nature, making it highly context-dependent and situational. Chinese-styled development changes over time based upon shifting political contexts in both China and the locality in which these development projects are implemented. However, to better understand this context-dependence, a more historical view and increased scrutiny of Chinese and local/African agencies are required—something that most existing studies fail to do. This chapter first places the discourse of the “China Model” into its domestic historical and socio-cultural context. Second, it shows how and why this “model” was exported to African localities, how it is shaped by African agency/ies in the process, and why this requires a relational understanding of Chinese development practices themselves. Finally, the article suggests that such relationally (re)made “models” might constitute the future of “Western” development as well, in the sense that it is much more aligned with decolonial thinking that genuinely listens to and implements local perspectives, thereby increasing its legitimacy.
Contested Practices
Authors: Kilaka Benard Musembi 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
In recent years, Chinese companies have emerged as key players in Kenya’s infrastructure construction boom. They are now involved in several high-profile infrastructure projects in the country. Although many factors drive this increased activity, Chinese companies have particularly capitalized on a unique set of practices to illustrate their competitiveness. Interestingly, some of these practices have sparked controversies with host communities. While there is growing literature on Chinese investments in Kenya, local perceptions and interactions with Chinese activities are often overlooked, despite their significant impact on infrastructure projects. By examining the case of Kenya’s Lamu Port, constructed by a consortium of Chinese companies headed by China Communication Construction Company (CCCC), this chapter scrutinizes controversies surrounding its activities to showcase the agency of local communities in shaping both the construction process and influencing the activities and policies of the company CCCC. In this endeavor, the study draws inspiration from Behrends et al’s (2014) conceptualization of “travelling models” to illustrate how practices move and how host communities engage with them. The chapter thus contributes to our understanding of both the contexts in which Chinese companies operate and the agency of local communities in shaping the governance practices of Chinese companies.
Investment as Community Development?
Authors: Sambo Michael Godet , Bußler Phyllis 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This chapter explores Brazilian and Chinese agro-infrastructural projects in Mozambique, specifically the now-cancelled tripartite Nippo-Brazilian-Mozambican ProSAVANA rural development program, and the Chinese-funded rice farm WANBAO. It asks how these projects—sitting at the interstices of development cooperation and commercial interests—fared in relation to initial prospects and expectations, particularly in terms of social and economic improvement for local communities. Without losing sight of site-specific and regional contextual nuances, the chapter discusses how supposed beneficiaries encounter their associated “Southern” donors and partners. The chapter demonstrates how local communities act to shape and reshape ground-level interactions and practices, transforming pre-conceived models, and even contributing to the demise of some projects.
The Homeland Lost and Restored
Authors: Mujanovic Jasmin 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This chapter examines the political transformations that befell Bosnia and Herzegovina and the status of the Bosniak community within it between 1878 and 1945. It argues that Bosniak elites, in particular, pursued a policy of “imperial deference” to both preserve their relatively privileged status during this tumultuous period but also to ward off increasingly aggressive campaigns of nationalist indoctrination and/or conversion by Serb and Croat nationalists. It also suggests that the rapid loss of political and social status by the Bosniak community during the first Yugoslav period presaged the horrors of the Bosnian Genocide during the 1990s.
Bosnia and Herzegovina, Whole and Free
Authors: Mujanovic Jasmin 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This chapter examines the major pillars of Bosniak national politics since the conclusion of the Bosnian War and Bosnian Genocide. It argues that contrary to claims in previous generations of (Western) analyses, there has been no major Islamist turn in Bosniak politics, and that instead the Bosniak electorate is defined by its moderate, nationally-conscious priorities, and above all their concern with the preservation of Bosnia and Herzegovina’s sovereignty and territorial integrity.
Rulers
Authors: Ulrichsen Kristian Coates 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This chapter examines the role of rulers, and ruling families, at the center of power dynamics in the Gulf States, utilizing historical as well as contemporary examples to illustrate how power and authority are accrued and wielded. No two ruling families in the Gulf States are alike and the chapter examines key points of difference that make each family distinct. The nature of political authority in tribal societies has differed from Western constructs, such as those put forward by Max Weber, and the chapter provides region-specific examples to illustrate both the underlying nature of political authority and how it has evolved over time. The chapter ends by examining the tools of control that have enabled ruling families to maintain and consolidate political power in the face of rapid socioeconomic change.
Representation
Authors: Ulrichsen Kristian Coates 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This chapter explores the patterns of representation that form the basis for participatory engagement in the Gulf States. While none of the Gulf States are democratic, they all have distinct representative institutions which have evolved over time and gradually become embedded institutional structures. Examining how representation operates in practice sheds valuable insight on the struggle for influence among competing factions within society. The chapter analyzes the distinctive ways in which representative institutions and participatory processes have developed in each of the Gulf States. In addition, the chapter highlights key differences as well as underlying similarities in the formation of clearly defined and carefully drawn “rules of the game” for political engagement, and outlines ways in which political outcomes could be limited in practice.
Opposition
Authors: Ulrichsen Kristian Coates 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Chapter 5 is the first of two chapters (along with Chapter 6) which build upon the analysis of representative institutions in Chapter 4 to examine how patterns of opposition developed as groups and individuals chose not to follow the “rules of the game” as set by political elites. There exists a wide spectrum of oppositional activity, and patterns of contestation have taken distinct forms in different states. This chapter examines some of the commonalities which underlay the growth of oppositions, including the importance of trans-national linkages that link political currents in the Gulf to broader discourse and events across the Middle East. The chapter also includes a case study of the Popular Front for the Liberation of Oman and the Arabian Gulf and ends by detailing the transition from Arabism to Islamism as the central focus of oppositional activity.
Being for Speaking
Authors: Edwards Terra 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Scholars of language have argued that our thoughts are prospectively oriented toward acts of speaking—a process known as “thinking for speaking.” Drawing on analyses of an emerging sub-system in protactile language, which is specialized to the task of referring to the immediate environment, Chapter 5 argues that speaking also requires us to be in the world in a particular way. For example, in order for one DeafBlind person to ask another DeafBlind person, “Should we sit there or there?” both participants must know the word “there.” They must also be able to be here in much the same way, and be able to identify a shared pathway from here to there. While something like this is required for speakers of any language, this chapter highlights the fact that our ways of being in the world are prospectively oriented toward acts of speaking. The chapter calls this process “being for speaking.”
Conclusions
Authors: Edwards Terra 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Chapter 7 summarizes key contributions of the book, all of which follow from a primary distinction between being in and representing the world. These contributions include a re-thinking of how the study of meaning, or semiotics, can inform our understandings of social and political action; why attention to the existential foundations of language is important; how we might understand, in new ways, how the languages we speak influence the way we perceive the world; how we can extend notions of “lamination” and therefore participation beyond interaction into the physical structures of the institution, the city, and beyond; and finally how, given all of this, we might find a way forward together in a world prone to collapse.
International Law and the Principle of Non-Intervention
Authors: Roscini Marco 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The principle of non-intervention in the domestic affairs of states is one of the most venerable principles of international law but the determination of its exact content has remained an enigma that has haunted generations of international lawyers. This book solves this problem and identifies what the principle of non-intervention specifically prohibits, and what it does not. The principle in question is strictly linked to some fundamental notions of international law, such as sovereignty, use of force, and self-determination: its study, therefore, is of great significance as it offers a fascinating opportunity to explore the macrostructures of international law. Through a comprehensive survey of primary documents, as well as through an extensive evaluation of state practice and literature search, the book provides a systematic and coherent analysis of the principle of non-intervention. The first two chapters tell the story of the principle of non-intervention throughout the centuries up to the present day. Chapters III and IV focus on theory and identify what coercion of state means, what forms of coercion (armed, economic, political subversive) can constitute an unlawful intervention, and the role played by consent in this context. Chapters V, VI, and VII explore the interactions of the principle of non-intervention with other fundamental principles of contemporary international law, namely the principle of internal and external self-determination and the respect for international human rights law and international humanitarian law. Finally, Chapter VIII investigates whether and when cyber operations can constitute an unlawful intervention in the domestic affairs of other states.
The Interaction between the Principle of Non-Intervention and that of Internal Self-Determination
Authors: Roscini Marco 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The principle of internal self-determination entails that a people have the right to choose and modify their state’s political, economic, social, and cultural systems without external interferences and, correspondingly, third states have an obligation to abstain from interference in that choice. While not all situations of internal unrest constitute a process for the redefinition of the political system of a state, this is certainly so with civil war. Here, internal self-determination imposes an obligation of negative equality—it prohibits all interferences, including those in support of the incumbent government. However, while negative equality undoubtedly prevents third states from sending armed forces, it does not yet extend to lesser forms of intervention, which remain permissible in support of the government. The chapter also discusses the situations where the principle of internal self-determination is not infringed even if third states send armed forces in support of an incumbent government beset by civil war.
The Interaction between the Principle of Non-Intervention and that of External Self-Determination
Authors: Roscini Marco 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
While a government’s efforts to suppress an insurgency normally are a domestic matter, in cases of colonial domination and alien occupation the principle of external self-determination demands that the colonial and occupying powers not prevent the subjugated people from choosing their international status. A state breaching this erga omnes obligation can thus no longer hide behind the principle of non-intervention. The principle of external self-determination prohibits any form of assistance to a colonial or occupying power, regardless of whether or not the unrest has become a civil war. Furthermore, while the principle of non-intervention normally prohibits all assistance to insurgents, it does not proscribe non-military support to a people under colonial rule or alien occupation aimed at terminating the unlawful situation. The principle of non-intervention, however, continues to apply to secessionist armed struggles beyond the colonial and alien occupation contexts, as no right of external self-determination exists in such cases.
The Interaction between the Principle of Non-Intervention and Respect for International Human Rights Law and International Humanitarian Law
Authors: Roscini Marco 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
In a significant departure from the pre-Charter era, states can now no longer claim that the protection of human rights is an exclusively domestic matter. The use of coercion to ensure respect for them, therefore, is not prohibited by the principle of non-intervention although it might be proscribed by other primary rules of international law. Coercion can be exercised on a government responsible for international human rights law and/or international humanitarian law violations in two ways: by refusing, suspending, and terminating assistance in its favour, or by supporting opposition groups. Third states, however, are not permitted to send troops or transfer arms to insurgents who are fighting a murderous government, as humanitarian intervention does not constitute an accepted exception to the prohibition of the use of force codified in Article 2(4) of the UN Charter.
Introduction
Authors: Brophy James M. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The late Enlightenment witnessed the explosive growth of books, journals, and newspapers. Its markets of knowledge and entertainment also promoted the principle of criticism, political deliberation, and informed public opinion—the “public sphere.” Opposed to the open marketplace of ideas was the “information order” of the late absolutist state, which demanded that the information economy serve the needs of government. Originally designed to rein in religious strife, censorship agencies now focused on political dissent after the French Revolution. The tension between state authority and print markets frames the study’s narrative and underscores the critical role of publishers in forging central Europe’s modern political culture.
The Spectrum of Dissent
Authors: Brophy James M. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This chapter surveys the careers of key publishers who provided a wide array of political print matter in the period between the French Revolution and 1848. It explores the multitiered sector of political dissent, from erudite journals and books to middlebrow lexica and pamphlets to popular broadsides and caricatures. This overview reveals the breadth and depth of political commentary found in early nineteenth-century print culture and provides salient examples of how certain genres and innovative formats promoted the spread of dissenting viewpoints. This spectrum of criticism catered to numerous social groups with differing reading competencies, yet its collective impact created a common ground of political deliberation. This spectrum of dissent and commentary enriched the political literacy of both elite and common readers.
Publishers and Censorship
Authors: Brophy James M. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The censorship regimes of Germany and Austria are widely regarded as among the most rigorous in nineteenth-century Europe. The chapter throws light not only on the severity of censorship in central Europe but also on its lapses and inconsistencies. Publishers worked both within the system of regulation to market their wares as well as outside it to print and sell contraband literature—a two-pronged strategy that recorded much success. By examining the censorship offices of Prussia, Austria, Saxony, and the German Confederation, the chapter provides ground-level analysis of how publishers negotiated with state regulation to maximize their interests. Under the surge of new print matter in the 1830s and 1840s, the machinery of censorship buckled, enabling political dissent to circulate both legally and illegally. Yet censorship did not fail entirely. Between 1819 and 1848, unrelenting regulation successfully marginalized democratic print, preventing radicalism from achieving mainstream status in German-language print markets.
Translation and Transfer
Authors: Brophy James M. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Through the translation of foreign works, publishers exposed German readers to the Age of Democratic Revolution. This chapter examines translation as one form of cultural transfer that generated a transnational political dialogue. In particular, it uses a data base of twenty-seven thousand French translations to examine the scale and scope of French works that entered into German-language print markets between 1815 and 1848. This wave of translation featured, among other subjects, Enlightenment political philosophy and the oppositional literature of liberals, democrats, and early socialists. In addition to translation, the chapter further considers how German literature and journalism absorbed and reoriented the idioms and themes of Western citizenship ideals. In this regard, publishers served as critical cultural mediators who fortified and refashioned the aspirations of German liberalism and radicalism.
Bookshops and the Literary Underground
Authors: Brophy James M. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
To gain access to forbidden literature, readers often needed a book merchant willing to conduct an underhanded sale. Bookdealers and their shops were, then, critical intermediaries of banned books, pamphlets, flysheets, and caricatures. With over 1,300 stores gracing 385 towns in central Europe in 1840, this extensive commercial network deployed time-tested tricks and tactics to carry out clandestine trade. Sketching a composite portrait of the owners and workers who ran these bookstores, the chapter also examines the spatial features of bookstores and print shops that enabled the smuggling of domestic and foreign print matter in Germany and Austria. The chapter also presents bookstores as talking shops: sites that invited political deliberation and intellectual exchange. Bookshops formed the nodal points of oppositional political communication.
4QSj (4Q264)
Authors: Collins John J. , Nati James 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This chapter offers transcriptions, translations, notes, and commentary on 4QSj of the Rule of the Association. While recognizing the considerable textual overlaps across the manuscripts, each manuscript in Chapters 9–22 is presented separately in order to facilitate an analysis of their unique characteristics. Differences from 1QS in particular are highlighted in the analysis of each text, and the implications of these differences—and, in many cases, clusters of differences—are explored. While containing many of the same rules for life in the yaḥad (see 1QS 5–7), these different texts, it is suggested, often present those rules differently. The various presentations here point likewise to a variety of ways in which these rules were understood, even among members of the same Association.
5Q11
Authors: Collins John J. , Nati James 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This chapter offers a transcription, translation, notes, and commentary on 5Q11 of the Rule of the Association. While recognizing the considerable textual overlaps across the manuscripts, each manuscript in Chapters 9–22 is presented separately in order to facilitate an analysis of their unique characteristics. Differences from 1QS in particular are highlighted in the analysis of each text, and the implications of these differences—and, in many cases, clusters of differences—are explored. While containing many of the same rules for life in the yaḥad (see 1QS 5–7), these different texts, it is suggested, often present those rules differently. The various presentations here point likewise to a variety of ways in which these rules were understood, even among members of the same Association.
Elite Identities
Authors: Ugolini Wendy 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
‘Elite Identities’ illuminates the intricate English Welsh political, aristocratic, and military networks operating in England in the first half of the twentieth century with the dominant political figure of Lloyd George positioned at the fulcrum of these social networks. The chapter explores Lloyd George’s talismanic role in the performance of ‘Welshness’ within the public arena and his influence on subsequent generations of English Welsh politicians such as Selwyn Lloyd. It delineates another distinctive strand of English Welsh identity in this period: well-connected aristocratic or landed families with stately homes in both England and Wales, who, through their ‘transnational land ownership’, were enmeshed in the higher echelons of British political and cultural society. It explores how this privileged grouping provided the wellspring for a cohort of privileged English men who often displayed their sense of dualities when volunteering in the First World War.
Narrating and Encountering Wales
Authors: Ugolini Wendy 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
‘Narrating and Encountering Wales’ addresses the ways in which English Welsh men and women narrate memories of their childhood selves and their familial connections with Wales in the first half of the twentieth century. It analyses narrative motifs of naming, language, social isolation, Gothic themes of death and mortality, and highlights how the second-generation Welsh could experience a sense of ‘difference’ based on their dual identifications. This chapter explores views of Wales from England, including the persistence of national and racial stereotyping and considers how these prejudices were absorbed, navigated, or challenged by the descended Welsh. It makes use of a range of original accounts including the unpublished life writing of cultural figures such as Jill Greenwood, Myfanwy Piper, and Dilys Powell. The chapter also addresses how second-generation men and women encountered Wales as children via family holidays and visits, as well as during the period of wartime evacuation.