bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Religious coping in psychiatric patinets and their first-degree relatives
Authors: Aukst Margetić B. , Jakovljević M. , Ivanec D. , Tošić G. , Margetić B. , Furjan Z. 
Published: May 2011

ObjectiveThe aim of the study was to examine the prevalence of religious coping among persons with schizophrenia, their first-degree relatives and control subjects and to gain a preliminary understanding of the relationship between religious coping, symptom severity, QOL, level of functioning, internalized stigma and depression. We also examine associations between psychopathology and religiosity in the group of patients.MethodsA total of 120 outpatinets with diagnosis of schizophrenia, 120 their first-degree relatives who also were key caregivers, and 120 control subjects completed a survey consisting of the Religious Coping Index, Quality of Life Enjoyment and Satisfaction Questionnaire-Short Form, Beck Depression Inventory, Internalized Stigma of Mental Illness scale, Positive and Negative Symptom Scale and Global Assessment of Functioning scale.ResultsThe results showed that patients and their relatives were more religious than controls but patients went to church less. Positive religious coping was not associated with illness outcomes, but negative religious coping was associated with worse quality of life, more depression, worse functioning and more internalized stigma. Higher religiosity was associated with higher values of altogether PANSS and positive and general subscales.ConclusionsOur results suggest that religious activities and beliefs are particularly important for the persons with schizophrenia and their caring relatives. Negative religious coping is associated with worse illness outcomes.
The determination of the nursing care needs of the acute-term psychiatry patients
Authors: Çetin N. , Oflaz F. , Tün H. , Bozkurt A. 
Published: May 2011

ObjectiveThe aim of this study is to investigate how the patients perceive the hospital environment and how they express their needs with their opinions.MethodThis study was planned as a qualitative descriptive study. The sampling of the study is constituted by the acute-period patients hospitalized in the clinic of the Psychiatric Department for at least three days that can achieve an interview with the researcher and being voluntary to be included into the study. An “interview guidance” was formed by eleven questions to collect data. The interview guidance form contains the questions about how he or she spent one day in the clinical environment, what helps them in the clinical environment and what the needs are. The interviews were conducted by the researcher by making an explanation to the patients after signing their informed consents. During the interviews, voice records were taken with the permission of the patients and then these records were transcribed.ResultsIt has been seen that the patients need rather safe areas where they will live their loneliness but where they will stay lonely, the people and the environments in which and by which they will be listened without being judged.ConclusionPsychiatric nurse can provide care specific to individual for the acute-period patients by taking into account the expressions of patients. By this means, she can provide the hospitalization to be more favorable experience and she can prevent resistances and negative attitudes that can reveal in the following periods related with the hospitalization.
Is metformin effective to prevent weight gain associated with risperidone?
Authors: Farshidfar F. , Koleini N. , Sadramely M. 
Published: May 2011

To evaluate the effect of metformin treatment on the risperidone-induced body weight gain in patients.In a 12-weeks, double-blind, placebo controlled, randomized trial between October 2006 and October 2007 which was conducted in the Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Consultation Center of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, 49 patients were entered the study with schizophrenia diagnosis. Then metformin (500 mg bid) or placebo was administrated with risperidone (6 mg) for the patients. Weight, height, and body mass index BMI were measured at the beginning, at 4 weeks, and at 12 weeks of the study. Changes in weight and BMI were evaluated by using repeated measures analysis of variance.Seventeen patients were excluded from the study. Repeated measure analysis of variances showed a significant difference between weight and BMI in both metformin (p < 0.001, p < 0.015) and placebo group (p < 0.013, p < 0.005).Metformin treatment did not show a significant effect to control the body weight of patients after 12 weeks.
A 9-year-old boy with acute psychosis and non-convulsive status epilepticus
Authors: Fisch N. , Goldberg-Stern H. , Kivity S. , Inbar D. , Shuper A. 
Published: May 2011

Pediatric patients with epilepsy have an increased risk of ictal, postictal or interictal psychotic symptoms. We describe a child with mild epilepsy who was hospitalized in our Pediatric ward with acute severe psychosis. His epilepsy was well controlled and he was known to have a 4 mm large frontal cystic lesion per brain MRI. He did not have overt seizures upon admission, but his EEG showed non-convulsive, high voltage spike/slow wave activity. Treatment with valproic acid led to concomitant resolution of the psychotic symptoms and EEG abnormalities. Several months later psychotic symptoms recurred, this time in a milder form, again associated with the same EEG pattern. Lamotrigine was added to the treatment regimen and both symptoms and electrographic changes resolved. No change was noted on repeat MRI.This child presents an unusual relationship between acute psychosis and markedly abnormal EEG, both resolving with anti-epileptic medication, and a potential causative relationship to a frontal lesion. We discuss this unusual connection between the psychiatric (psychosis), epileptic (non-convulsive status epilepticus) and organic brain (frontal benign lesion) disorders in this child.
A new technique for restoring cerebrospinal fluid circulation
Authors: He M. 
Published: May 2011

This study aims to observe the efficacy of a new recovery technology of cerebrospinal fluid flow obstacle for the treatment of subarachnoid haemorrhage with intracranial aneurysms, and review the overview of this new technology and new surgical instruments.MethodsFifth patients with subarachnoid haemorrhage caused by intracranial aneurysms, whose the HUNT-HESS were grade 2∼4. According to the operation methods of a coaxial catheter in vascular intervention, author envisaged that insert some specialized utensils into subarachnoid cavity to carry out thrombolysis, intelligence mechanical shunt of cerebrospinal fluid through lumbar puncture under the DSA watching to achieve an aim of resuming cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and rebuilding CSF circulation.ResultsSeven consciousness disorder patients awaked in 8 to 26 hours after treatment by this technique, 15 patients were cured, no patient died and no any complication. Our observation suggests that the new technology restoring cerebrospinal fluid circulation on the treatment of subarachnoid haemorrhage with intracranial aneurysm is efficacy, worthy of further clinical observation.
Collaboration between general practice and community psychiatric service, evaluation of consultation-liaison model
Authors: Hussain I. , Mc Loughlin M. 
Published: May 2011

BackgroundThere are many advantages to improve communication between primary care and Psychiatric services. In Ireland various models of liaison with primary care are still in early stages of experimentation in some parts. We devised a pilot project of consultation-liaison model in west of Ireland.MethodologyThere are 11 general practitioners working in the catchment area. All of them were given information and five agreed to participate. Based on random allocation two general practitioners were placed in experimental group. Three other general practitioners were allocated to control group. All patients from these surgeries were enrolled in study. In experimental group face to face meetings between psychiatrist and general practitioners were arranged before and after seeing patients in clinics. Feedback and exchange of information took place during these meetings. Meetings were arranged on monthly basis for six month starting in December 2009. While in the control group communication and referral was through usual method of writing letters.ResultsAssessment of data was based on comparison of outcome in two sets of patients and surgeries. We collected data regarding number of admissions, compliance with appointments, changes in medications, number of referrals to secondary care, number of discharges back to general practitioners. Results show quantitative benefits of collaborative model in the lines of more patients being discharged back to GP and less missed appointments. There was also trend of reduced admission rate but this was statistically not significant.
Translation and validation study of the depression anxiety stress scale in the greek general population and in a psychiatric patient's sample
Authors: Lyrakos G.N. , Arvaniti C. , Smyrnioti M. , Kostopanagiotou G. 
Published: May 2011

IntroductionThe DASS is a self administered questionnaire which principally measures anxiety stress and depression as a feature of the general population with 42 items.AimsTo create an easy to use and valid measurement, for primary care and during treatment assessment in patients with anxiety or depression disorders.MethodsTranslation was performed using the multiple forward and backward translation protocol. STAI state and trait along with BDI were also administered to check construct validity of DASS.Results537 adults participated, 178 (33.6%) male, 349 (64.6%) female. The total scale of the DASS-42 had a coefficient alpha of .968. Subscale coefficient alphas also were high (αdepression = ,941; αanxiety = ,906 ; αstress = ,942). Mean score for stress was 12,46 (SD = 9,82), for anxiety 7,19 (SD = 7,7) and for depression 8,05 (SD 9,6). Both subscales and total score were significantly correlated with STAI and BDI (r = .60 to.73, p < .01).Principal Components Analysis revealed the presence of 3 factors explaining 56% of the total variance. 14 items loaded in the stress subscale, 14 in the depression factor, but only 12 in the anxiety factor. ANOVAs found significant differences in all subscales between healthy adults and psychiatric outpatients. (p < ,001).ConclusionsThe results of the current validation study suggest that the Greek translation of the DASS is both reliable and valid, with psychometric properties close to those reported in the international literature.
Fighting stigma of psychiatric disorders in czech republic
Authors: Kovacsova A. , Jelenova D. , Prasko J. , Latalova K. 
Published: May 2011

In the Czech Republic people with mental illness are still stigmatized and exposed to various forms of discrimination not only from the community but also from the professional society. The most stigmatized patients are those suffering from schizophrenia and bipolar disorder, and highly affected are also patients with personality disorders, eating disorders, anxiety and OCD. There can also be a stigma in the psychiatric therapy; psychiatric medication can be labeled as toxins that alter the psyche, psychotherapy as a brainwashing. Stigma of mental disorder is connected with a lack of knowledge about psychiatric disorder, fear, prejudice and discrimination of the patients. Czech mass media significantly contribute to the stigmatization of patients with mental disorder.There are already programs with destigmatization message in the Czech Republic. These programs are in charge of organizations focused on patients with mental disorders, as well as individual professionals or even nonspecialists. The Czech psychiatric association declared the National Psychiatric Program. This program aims to improve the quality of psychiatric care with emphasis on the humane condition of the care and destigmatization. There are also several articles and TV relations describing the psychiatric patients non-stigmatization way published in local newspapers and magazines every year wrote by leading experts in psychiatry. Directly to the patients and their families there were published about 40 books and about 30 booklets with most often psychiatric diagnoses. Many patients found the information and stories helpful and were more comfortable seeking the treatment.Supported by project IGA MZ ĈR NS 10301-3/2009
Factitious disorder case series with predominant psychological signs and symptoms
Authors: Ramantani E. , Nikolaidis N. , Genaris I. , Chatziioannidis S. , Giota K. , Charatsidou I. , Giouzepas I. 
Published: May 2011

IntroductionPatients with factitious disorder intentionally produce or feign signs of medical or mental disorders. The only apparent objective of this behavior is to assume the role of a patient without an external incentive. The high rate of comorbidity with other psychiatric disorders together with the knowledge that factitious disorder lies on a continuum between somatoform disorders and malingering renders the early detection and diagnosis of cases with feigned psychological signs and symptoms more demanding.Objective and methodPoor documentation of factitious disorder with predominant psychological signs and symptoms in the current literature reveals a blind spot in the diagnostic approach. With this in mind three cases were followed and reviewed to illustrate the elusive character of this clinical entity and demonstrate the importance of its early consideration in the differential diagnosis.ResultsThree patients presented to our acute psychiatric department with an extensive constellation of mood and psychotic symptoms. All patients underwent a thorough neuropsychological and medical evaluation. The diagnosis of factitious disorder was mainly based on their inconclusive mental status examination which could not definitively support the presence of another psychiatric or medical disorder, on the observation that their behavior on the psychiatric unit proved inconsistent with their chief complaints and on the past history from collateral sources which confirmed a pattern of multiple hospitalizations.ConclusionsFactitious disorder should be considered in patients with inconsistent psychiatric presentations and negative diagnostic results who are high utilizers of acute care facilities such as the emergency room and inpatient services.
Hypothyroidism and psychosis: a case report
Authors: Salinas M. , Barrau V. , Yelmo S. , Santana E. , Monzón J. , Gracia R. 
Published: May 2011

IntroductionHypothyroidism is a medical condition commonly found in a variety of clinical settings. Physical complaints of thyroid hormone deficiency are many, and psychiatric symptoms include cognitive dysfunction, affective disorders and psychosis.ObjectivesTo study the possible relationship between psychotic symptoms and secondary to treatment with radioiodine hypothyroidism, presenting a case report.MethodsWe report a 32 year-old woman without known significant past medical history (except Graves Basedow disease with no current treatment) that came to clinical attention due to psychotic symptoms. The patient was admitted to the hospital and laboratory values revealed hypothyroidism secondary to treatment with radioiodine (which was required six months before for a Graves Basedow disease). We considered the possibility that thyroid dysfunction was the cause of the psychiatric symptoms.ResultsAfter giving neuroleptic treatment with increasing doses of risperidone (up to 9 mg/day), clinical improvement was observed, with a diminishment of psychiatric symptoms. At the same time, supplementary treatment with thyroid hormone was given, which did not manage to normalize the hormone function at the moment of discharge.ConclusionIn our patient we cannot establish a definite link between psychotic and clinical thyroid dysfunction, because six months after replacement therapy the hormonal function has not yet been completely standardized. The patient was psychopathologically stable (although treatment was maintained with quetiapine 600 mg/day). There is no doubt that thyroid hormone plays a key role in the regulation of mood, cognition and behavior; we must not ignore this, and always check thyroid function in psychiatric patients.
Do we care enough about epilepsy in learning disability inpatient population?
Authors: Travers R. , Kumar A. 
Published: May 2011

IntroductionEpilepsy is a common neurological condition affecting 1–2 percent of the population. At least 3,50,000 are affected in the UK, one quarter of whom have active epilepsy. There is higher representation of epilepsy in estimated 1.2 million learning disabled population in the UK. Rough estimates predict some 5 percent of such population are in institutional care; 30 percent requiring medical attention.ObjectivesLighthouse Healthcare provides inpatient tertiary care services to Learning Disability population with complex needs. A sizeable proportion of the inpatient population has complex and refractory epilepsy. As the services are provided at various hospital sites, we wanted to review the care of all the patients with epilepsy and compare it with national standards as set by the National Institute of Health and Clinical Excellence in England and Wales (NICE).AimsAs most of the patients were already diagnosed elsewhere, we reviewed the medical records and compared the care with the standards envisaged in the NICE guidelines on the management of Epilepsies.MethodsWe contacted the Clinicians responsible for the care of all current inpatients and identified the cohort with epilepsy. We then reviewed the medical records for their conformity with NICE recommendations.ResultsBesides missing records, we identified that there were major deficiencies in recording the breakthrough seizure activity as well as epilepsy review on yearly basis either by general practitioner or in specialist clinics.ConclusionsThe care provided to this vulnerable group falls short of standards expected in a secondary/tertiary care setting.
CS06-02 - How fast antipsychotics work – implications for theory and practise
Authors: Kapur S. 
Published: May 2011

It has been traditionally accepted that antipsychotics have a 'delayed onset' of action with various authors claiming 2–3 weeks of delay. Data from the previous few years has contradicted this notion.The talk will review this data, identify its theoretical implications and implications for practise. In an initial meta-analysis of over 8,000 patient data it was shown that antipsychotic action is not delayed at all but evident in teh first week, this change is not non-specific sedation but a specific anti-'psychotic' effect, and is seen with all evaluated antipsychotics. In more recent studies we have been able to show that this effect is even discernable in the first 24 hours, is related to dopmaine D2 occupancy achieved early on, and early non-response is a very strong predictor of subsequent non-response.This early onset is not only an isolated improvement in psychosis-but, can also be seen on quality of life and social functionign indicators. These data raise interesting questions regarding the mechanism of improvement: they question the standard 'depolarisation block' hypothesis of antispychotic action-and suggest a simpler dopamine occupancy hypothesis instead; since change occurs early it is possible to map different trajectories and our most recent findigns show that drug-treated patients show a distinct trajectory from those observed in placebo-treated patients. Finally, these findings have implications for the design of clinical trials and clinical practise. In clinical trials it is possible to use early-response to devise adpative or enriched designs that are more clinically relevant - example of a recent such application will be discussed and at a clinical level it may be possible to reconsider the standard notion that an antipsychotic must be tried for 6 weeks before considering an alterative option.
FC01-03 - High-K reproductive strategy as a negative predictor of PTSD
Authors: Giosan C. , Wyka K. 
Published: May 2011

This study examined the associations between a high-K fitness strategy (i.e., a Darwinian reproductive strategy where the individual invests significantly in a small number of offspring) and PTSD on a sample of 1400 disaster workers who had exposure to a singular traumatic event (the 9/11 attack on the World Trade Center in New York City). The participants underwent psychological evaluations consisting of1) Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale (CAPS) and2) PTSD Checklist (PCL). The participants were also administered the3) High-K Strategy Scale (HKSS) (Giosan, 2006).Other factors, such as demographics, prior trauma, prior psychiatric history, and the severity of exposure to 9/11 were also captured. The results showed that HKSS score was an important negative predictor of PTSD, accounting for 10% of the variance in the PCL and 5% of the variance in the CAPS, after controlling for demographics, prior trauma, prior psychiatric history and the severity of exposure to 9/11. The findings speak against the evolutionary view that PTSD symptoms are adaptive while strengthening the evolutionary view that PTSD is the expression of an overlearned survival response in vulnerable individuals (Silove, 1998), which, when activated, can have significant negative effects on fitness.
FC01-04 - Exposure to traumatic events and posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms in substance use disorder inpatients
Authors: Laguerre C.-E. , Charles-Nicolas A. , Lacoste J. , Birmes P. 
Published: May 2011

IntroductionExposure to traumatic events is common among individuals with substance use disorders (SUD). Self-medication hypothesis posits that substances are used to relieve distressing psychological symptoms. Moreover, few studies have assessed exposure to traumatic events and Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms among samples suffering from addiction.ObjectivesTo explore SUD inpatients exposure to serious traumatic events both directly (the participant himself) and/or indirectly (the family).Aims(i) to investigate the prevalence of co-morbid PTSD in SUD clinical inpatients;(ii) to identify the characteristics, severity and types of trauma experienced;(iii) to compare SUD patients with and without co-morbid PTSD on psychiatric variables.MethodsThis study compared two groups:(1) those without PTSD,(2) those with PTSD.SUD inpatients reported traumatic experiences (Trauma History Questionnaire), PTSDsymptoms (PTSD CheckList-Specific), addiction severity (Addiction Severity Index), and psychiatric symptoms (M.I.N.I.). Khi square or T tests were conducted to compare rates between non-PTSD group (SUD-only; n = 27) and PTSD group (SUD-PTSD; n = 17).ResultsAll participants (n = 44) reported having been exposed to one or more traumatic events and 17 (38.6%) met the criteria for probable current PTSD. Significant differences between the “PTSD” and “non-PTSD” groups were found on the crime cluster (p < .04), the composite score of Alcohol (p < .005), and psychiatric variables including depression (p < .001), psychotic syndromes (p < .02) and anxiety disorders (p < .0001).ConclusionsThis study highlights the prevalence of PTSD symptoms among SUD inpatients, and the importance of considering PTSD symptoms to improve quality of care for patients and their families.