bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Does a self management intervention lower distress in woman diagnosed with breast cancer?1
Authors: LOH SIEW YIM , PACKER TANYA , TAN FOO LAN , XAVIER MONICA , QUEK KIA FATT , YIP CHING HAR 
Published: November 2011

AbstractPsychological distress is particularly common with any cancer diagnosis. This paper examined the psychological distress in a cohort of women newly diagnosed with breast cancer and postulates on the underlying theory. A longitudinal study of a cohort of women (n = 147) diagnosed with breast cancer (within the past 1 year), was conducted at University Malaya Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur. Data were collected at baseline and at post 4‐week intervention. Analysis of variance was conducted to examine for any significant differences in the change‐scores between the experimental group (n = 69) and the control group (n = 78). Using the change scores, analyses of variance showed significant differences between groups for stress, F(1, 140) = 13.68, p < .0001, anxiety F(1, 140) = 8.44, p < .004, and depression, F(1, 140) = 11.57, p < .0001. Levels of stress, anxiety and depression generally decreased significantly in the experimental groups, p < .05, but either maintained or increased in the control group. This study indicates that the level of psychological distress of women with breast cancer can be ameliorated with a 4‐week self‐management intervention. Lower stress levels were also found in women who reported engagement in higher physical activity than women with low physical activity.
Reproductive photoresponsiveness in male spiny mice from South Africa
Authors: Medger K. , Chimimba C. T. , Bennett N. C. 
Published: November 2011

AbstractMany seasonally breeding mammals use changes in photoperiod as a reliable cue to time reproduction. Photoperiodic timing assists an animal in predicting annual environmental changes in its habitat and therefore, enables it to accurately time reproductive events to the most favourable conditions. Changes in day length are more pronounced in the temperate regions and photoperiod is used as a cue for reproduction by most mammals above 30° latitude; however, a number of subtropical species also use this proximate factor to regulate their reproductive cycle. We investigated the reproductive photoresponsiveness of 14 male spiny mice (Acomys spinosissimus) from southern Africa to short‐day (SD; 8 h light : 16 h dark) and long‐day (LD; 16 h light : 8 h dark) photoperiods. Testicular mass and volume, seminiferous tubule diameter and plasma testosterone concentrations significantly increased in animals subjected to LD and they were regressed when the males were kept under SD. Body mass of the males was not significantly affected by the photoperiodic conditions. Although male A. spinosissimus appear to use photoperiod as a proximate factor to regulate reproduction seasonally, other environmental factors, such as rainfall, food quantity and quality as well as temperature, may regulate reproduction in A. spinosissimus in concert with photoperiod. In conclusion, the present study demonstrates the significance of photoperiodic time‐measuring systems in the regulation of seasonal reproduction in a subtropical rodent.
Human information behaviour and physiological measurements as a basis to tailor health information. An explorative study in a physical activity intervention among prediabetic individuals in Northern Finland
Authors: Enwald Heidi P. K. , Niemelä Raimo M. , Keinänen‐Kiukaanniemi Sirkka , Leppäluoto Juhani , Jämsä Timo , Herzig Karl‐Heinz , Oinas‐Kukkonen Harri , Huotari Maija‐Leena A. 
Published: November 2011

AbstractObjective:  To explore through an interdisciplinary approach the potential to tailor health information on the basis of human information behaviour (HIB) on par with the results of basic physiological measurements of individuals’ health.Methods:  The data were collected at the baseline of a physical activity and diabetes prevention intervention with 72 prediabetic participants, conducted in Oulu, Finland, by the University of Oulu and Oulu Deaconess Institute in 2010. Body mass index (BMI), fitness classifications and glucose values were obtained from all prediabetic participants. The interest in, the search for and the use of information on nutrition, physical activity and diabetes were examined through a self‐report questionnaire with a response rate of 95.8%. The data were analysed with the SPSS statistics 18 software.Results and conclusions:  The study shows that information behaviour of prediabetic individuals differs according to their BMI and fitness level. Poor physical fitness classifications and high BMI values were associated with an increased desire to receive tailored information on nutrition and physical activity frequently. These results add knowledge on the types and preferred frequencies of tailored information. Because of the small sample size, the results should be validated further.
Clozapine functions through the prefrontal cortex serotonin 1A receptor to heighten neuronal activity via calmodulin kinase II–NMDA receptor interactions
Authors: Purkayastha Sudarshana , Ford Jason , Kanjilal Baishali , Diallo Souleymane , Del Rosario Inigo Joseph , Neuwirth Lorenz , El Idrissi Abdeslem , Ahmed Zaghloul , Wieraszko Andrzej , Azmitia Efrain C. , Banerjee Probal 
Published: November 2011

J. Neurochem. (2012) 120, 396–407.AbstractAberrant dopamine release in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) is believed to underlie schizophrenia, but the mechanistic pathway through which a widely used antipsychotic, clozapine (Clz), evokes neurotransmitter‐releasing electrical stimulation is unclear. We analyzed Clz‐evoked regulation of neuronal activity in the PFC by stimulating axons in layers IV and V and recording the electrical effect in the post‐synaptic pyramidal cells of layers II and III. We observed a Clz‐evoked increase in population spike (PS), which was mediated by serotonin 1A receptor (5‐HT1A‐R), phospholipase Cβ, and Ca2+/calmodulin‐dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII). Immunoblotting demonstrated that the Clz‐activation of CaMKII was 5‐HT1A‐R‐mediated. Intriguingly, the NMDA receptor (NMDA‐R) antagonist (±)2‐amino‐5‐phosphonovaleric acid (APV) eliminated the Clz‐mediated increase in PS, suggesting that the 5‐HT1A‐R, NMDA‐R and CaMKII form a synergistic triad, which boosts excitatory post‐synaptic potential (EPSP), thereby enhancing PS. In corroboration, Clz as well as NMDA augmented field EPSP (fEPSP), and WAY100635 (a 5‐HT1A‐R antagonist), APV, and a CaMKII inhibitor eliminated this increase. As previously shown, CaMKII binds to the NMDA‐R 2B (NR2B) subunit to become constitutively active, thereby inducing α‐amino‐3‐hydroxyl‐5‐methyl‐4‐isoxazole‐propionate (AMPA) receptor recruitment to the post‐synaptic membrane and an increase in fEPSP. Co‐immunoprecipitation demonstrated that Clz potentiates interactions among CaMKII, NR2B, and 5‐HT1A‐R, possibly in the membrane rafts of the post‐synaptic density (PSD), because pretreatment with methyl‐β‐cyclodextrin (MCD), an agent that disrupts rafts, inhibited both co‐immunoprecipitation as well as fEPSP. In summary, Clz functions in the PFC by orchestrating a synergism among 5‐HT1A‐R, CaMKII, and NMDA‐R, which augments excitability in the PFC neurons of layers II/III.
Chemical and structural status of copper associated with oxygenic and anoxygenic phototrophs and heterotrophs: possible evolutionary consequences
Authors: POKROVSKY O. S. , POKROVSKI G. S. , SHIROKOVA L. S. , GONZALEZ A. G. , EMNOVA E. E. , FEURTET‐MAZEL A. 
Published: November 2011

AbstractCopper adsorption on the surface and intracellular uptake inside the cells of four representative taxons of soil and aquatic micro‐organisms: aerobic rhizospheric heterotrophs (Pseudomonas aureofaciens), anoxygenic (Rhodovulum steppense) and oxygenic (cyanobacteria Gloeocapsa sp. and freshwater diatoms Navicula minima) phototrophs were studied in a wide range of pH, copper concentration, and time of exposure. Chemical status of adsorbed and assimilated Cu was investigated using in situ X‐ray absorption spectroscopy. In case of adsorbed copper, XANES spectra demonstrated significant fractions of Cu(I) likely in the form of tri‐coordinate complexes with O/N and/or S ligands. Upon short‐term reversible adsorption at all four studied micro‐organisms’ cell surface, Cu(II) is coordinated by 4.0 ± 0.5 planar oxygens at an average distance of 1.97 ± 0.02 Å, which is tentatively assigned to the carboxylate groups. The atomic environment of copper incorporated into diatoms and cyanobacteria during long‐term growth is similar to that of the adsorbed metal with slightly shorter distances to the first O/N neighbor (1.95 Å). In contrast to the common view of Cu status in phototrophic micro‐organisms, XAFS failed to detect sulfur in the nearest atomic environment of Cu assimilated by freshwater plankton (cyanobacteria) and periphyton (diatoms). The appearance of S in Cu 1st coordination shell at 2.27–2.32 Å was revealed only after long‐term interaction of Cu with anoxygenic phototrophs (and Cu uptake by soil heterotrophs), suggesting Cu scavenging in the form of sulfhydryl, histidine/carboxyl or a mixture of carboxylate and sulfhydryl complexes. These new structural constraints suggest that adsorbed Cu(II) is partially reduced to Cu(I) already at the cell surface, where as intracellular Cu uptake and storage occur in the form of both Cu(I)‐S linked proteins and Cu(II) carboxylates. Obtained results allow to better understand how, in the course of biological evolution, micro‐organisms elaborated various mechanisms of Cu uptake and storage, from passive adsorption and uptake to active, protein‐controlled surface reduction, and intracellular storage.
Carbonate organo‐mineral micro‐ and ultrastructures in sub‐fossil stromatolites: Marion lake, South Australia
Authors: PERRI E. , TUCKER M. E. , SPADAFORA A. 
Published: November 2011

AbstractSub‐fossil stromatolites (5000–3000 years old) occur on the marginal flat surrounding Marion Lake (South Australia). A micrite/microsparite crystal fabric characterises these fine‐grained, well‐laminated stromatolites, which lack trapped grains. The internal lamination is characterised by a sub‐millimetric alternation of porous and dense laminae. The microfabric of the laminae is ubiquitously composed of a fine (10–20 μm) peloidal texture, with many thinner aphanitic layers. Aggregates of very fine, low‐Mg calcite and aragonite constitute both peloidal and aphanitic micrite, which is coated, respectively, by spherulitic and fringing acicular microspar. Micrite, with a high organic matter content, is formed of coalescing nanospheres grading into small polyhedrons, probably composed mainly of aragonite, with less calcite enriched in Mg, Sr, Na and S. Bacteria‐like microfossils and relics of extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) occur abundantly within this micritic framework. The former consist of empty moulds and mineralised bodies of coccoid forms, whereas EPS relics consist of sheet‐like or filamentous structures that appear both mineralised and more often still preserved as a C‐enriched dehydrated substance that represents the main organic matter component of the deposit. Acicular crystals, which show a prismatic elongate shape, are composed of Mg‐depleted aragonite that lacks fossils or organic relicts. Degrading EPS and micro‐organisms appear gradually to be replaced and entombed by the nanospherical precipitates, implying the existence of processes of organo‐mineralisation within an original syn‐sedimentary microbial community. Succeeding micron‐scale crystals merge to form isolated or connected micritic aggregates (the peloids), followed by the gradual formation of the acicular crystals as purely inorganic precipitates.
Aging‐associated B7‐DC+ B cells enhance anti‐tumor immunity via Th1 and Th17 induction
Authors: Tomihara Kei , Shin Takako , Hurez Vincent J. , Yagita Hideo , Pardoll Drew M. , Zhang Bin , Curiel Tyler J. , Shin Tahiro 
Published: November 2011

SummaryBecause most patients with cancer are aged and because immunological functions are altered during aging, it is important to account for aging‐associated immunological alterations in the design of new cancer immunotherapies. We thus compared immune populations in young and aged mice and found that B7‐DC+ (PD‐L2/CD273) B cells, a minor population in young mice, were significantly increased in aged mice. Induction of both Th1 and Th17 cells was significantly augmented by B7‐DC+ B cells from aged mice, and this effect was blocked with anti‐B7‐DC antibodies in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, retardation of tumor growth in aged mice was largely B7‐DC dependent. Tumor growth in young mice was significantly inhibited by immunization with B7‐DC+ B cells from aged mice owing to increased induction of tumor antigen‐specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes. These data indicate that B7‐DC+ B cells could play an important role in aging‐associated cancer immunopathology as well as in other aging‐associated diseases and further suggest that B7‐DC+ B cells have potential for future cancer immunotherapy.
Platelet‐rich fibrin matrix improves wound angiogenesis via inducing endothelial cell proliferation
Authors: Roy Sashwati , Driggs Jason , Elgharably Haytham , Biswas Sabyasachi , Findley Muna , Khanna Savita , Gnyawali Urmila , Bergdall Valerie K. , Sen Chandan K. 
Published: November 2011

AbstractThe economic, social, and public health burden of chronic ulcers and other compromised wounds is enormous and rapidly increasing with the aging population. The growth factors derived from platelets play an important role in tissue remodeling including neovascularization. Platelet‐rich plasma (PRP) has been utilized and studied for the last four decades. Platelet gel and fibrin sealant, derived from PRP mixed with thrombin and calcium chloride, have been exogenously applied to tissues to promote wound healing, bone growth, hemostasis, and tissue sealing. In this study, we first characterized recovery and viability of as well as growth factor release from platelets in a novel preparation of platelet gel and fibrin matrix, namely platelet‐rich fibrin matrix (PRFM). Next, the effect of PRFM application in a delayed model of ischemic wound angiogenesis was investigated. The study, for the first time, shows the kinetics of the viability of platelet‐embedded fibrin matrix. A slow and steady release of growth factors from PRFM was observed. The vascular endothelial growth factor released from PRFM was primarily responsible for endothelial mitogenic response via extracellular signal‐regulated protein kinase activation pathway. Finally, this preparation of PRFM effectively induced endothelial cell proliferation and improved wound angiogenesis in chronic wounds, providing evidence of probable mechanisms of action of PRFM in healing of chronic ulcers.
Atrionatriuretic Peptide Improves Left Ventricular Function After Myocardial Global Ischemia–Reperfusion in Hypoxic Hearts
Authors: Fujii Yasuhiro , Ishino Kozo , Tomii Tomoko , Kanamitsu Hitoshi , Fujita Yasufumi , Mitsui Hideya , Sano Shunji 
Published: November 2011

AbstractAtrionatriuretic peptide (ANP) is reported to be useful for attenuating myocardial ischemia–reperfusion injury and improving left ventricular function after reperfusion. However, ANP may be either ineffectual or harmful in cases where the myocardium has been chronically hypoxic since birth. This can be a result of the concomitant high levels of cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) produced within the myocardium. This study aimed to verify the validity of using ANP to improve left ventricular function after myocardial ischemia–reperfusion injury. For this purpose, a cyanotic congenital disease model that was developed using isolated rat hearts was used. Hearts were obtained from Sprague‐Dawley rats that were housed from birth until 6 weeks of age either in a hypoxic environment with 13–14% FiO2 (hypoxic group) or in ambient air (normoxic group). These hearts were subjected to 30 min of normothermic global ischemia followed by 30 min of reperfusion using the Langendorff technique. Left ventricular functional recovery in hearts administered ANP (0.1 µM) into the reperfusion solution was compared with those hearts that were not administered ANP in both hypoxic (without ANP: n = 6, with ANP: n = 6, with ANP and HS‐142‐1[an antagonist of ANP]: n = 6) and normoxic hearts (without ANP: n = 6, with ANP: n = 6). In the hypoxic hearts, ANP administration improved the percent recovery of the left ventricular developed pressure (76.3 ± 9.2% without ANP vs. 86.9 ± 6.7% with ANP), maximum first derivative of the left ventricular pressure (82.4 ± 1.1% without ANP vs. 95.8 ± 6.5% with ANP), and heart rate (85.6 ± 4.7% without ANP vs. 96.1 ± 5.2% with ANP) after reperfusion. The improvement and recovery of these cardiac functions were closely related to significantly increased levels of postischemic cGMP release after ANP administration. The effect of ANP was blocked by HS‐142‐1. The improvements observed in the hypoxic group were similar to those found in the normoxic group. ANP administration during reperfusion improved left ventricular function after myocardial acute global ischemia–reperfusion equally in both the chronically hypoxic and age‐matched normoxic groups.
Physiologic Effect and Safety of the Pumpless Extracorporeal Interventional Lung Assist System in Patients With Acute Respiratory Failure—A Pilot Study
Authors: Cho Woo Hyun , Lee Kwangha , Huh Jin Won , Lim Chae‐Man , Koh Younsuck , Hong Sang‐Bum 
Published: November 2011

AbstractInterventional lung assist (iLA) effectively reduces CO2 tension and permits protective lung ventilation in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome. However, there is little experience in using iLA in acute respiratory failure from various causes and no experience for small body sizes such as Asian patients. We evaluated the physiologic effect and safety of the iLA device in patients with acute respiratory failure from various causes. We enrolled 11 consecutive patients with severe respiratory failure from various causes. Wire‐enforced cannulae (13–15 Fr) were inserted under ultrasound guidance and connected to iLA. Arterial blood gas analysis, ventilator parameters, hemodynamic parameter, and adverse events were recorded serially. During the first 24 h of iLA use, mean blood flow was 1.08 ± 0.15 L/min, PaCO2 decreased from 83.9 ± 23.4 mm Hg to 40.7 ± 10.2 mm Hg, and PaO2/FiO2 ratio increased from 110 ± 37 to 141 ± 74. Minute ventilation decreased from 9.4 ± 2.5 to 6.3 ± 1.5 L/min, and peak inspiratory pressure decreased from 30.3 ±  7.1 cm H2O to 28.8 ± 9.4 cm H2O. No serious adverse events were observed during iLA use. iLA showed effective CO2 removal, allowed for reducing the invasiveness of mechanical ventilation in patients with severe respiratory failure from various causes even using a small‐sized catheter and was safe in small body‐sized patients.
Validation of an Axial Flow Blood Pump: Computational Fluid Dynamics Results Using Particle Image Velocimetry
Authors: Su Boyang , Chua Leok Poh , Wang Xikun 
Published: November 2011

AbstractA magnetically suspended axial flow blood pump is studied experimentally in this article. The pump casing enclosed a three‐blade straightener, a two‐blade impeller shrouded by a permanent magnet‐embedded cylinder, and a three‐blade diffuser. The internal flow fields were simulated earlier using computational fluid dynamics (CFD), and the pump characteristic curves were determined. The simulation results showed that the internal flow field was basically streamlined, except the diffuser region. Particle image velocimetry (PIV) measurement of the 1:1 pump model was conducted to validate the CFD result. In order to ensure the optical access, an acrylic prototype was fabricated with the impeller driven by a servomotor instead, as the magnet is opaque. In addition to the transparent model, the blood analog fluid with the refractive index close to that of acrylic was used to avoid refraction. According to the CFD results, the axial flow blood pump could generate adequate pressure head at the rotating speed of 9500 rpm and flow rate of 5 L/min, and the same flow condition was applied during the PIV measurement. Through the comparisons, it was found that the experimental results were close to those obtained by CFD and had thus validated the CFD model, which could complement the limitation of the measurement in assessing the more detailed flow fields of the axial flow pump.
Mandibular Flexure and Its Significance on Implant Fixed Prostheses: A Review
Authors: Law Constance , Bennani Vincent , Lyons Karl , Swain Michael 
Published: November 2011

AbstractPurpose: The aims of this review are to determine the effect of mandibular flexure on the “implant‐framework system,” and analyze the existing literature on the topic.Materials and Methods: A MEDLINE and PubMed search was conducted to identify any articles in English related to the topic published up to May 2010 using the search words “mandible,”“dental implants,”“dental impression technique,”“jaw movement,”“dental stress analysis,” and “mechanical stress.”Results: The search identified 40 and 36 articles from MEDLINE and PubMed, respectively. Twenty articles met the inclusion criteria.Conclusions: Mandibular flexure is a multifactorial phenomenon, and the effect of the implant‐framework system in this is unclear. Studies have focused mainly on the fully edentulous mandible. These have found that mandibular flexure should be taken into consideration when designing a prosthesis and have suggested that dividing the prosthesis at the symphysis region, or into multiple implant fixed dental prostheses, may minimize the effect of mandibular flexure on the implant prosthesis. At this time, no studies have investigated the effect of mandibular flexure on long‐span, unilateral, implant fixed prostheses. The clinical significance of mandibular flexure on the success of dental implant treatment is at this time unclear, and further research is needed.
Frequencies of SLC44A2 alleles encoding human neutrophil antigen‐3 variants in the African American population
Authors: Huvard Michael J. , Schmid Pirmin , Stroncek David F. , Flegel Willy A. 
Published: November 2011

BACKGROUND: The human neutrophil antigen‐3 (HNA‐3) epitopes reside on the choline transporter‐like protein‐2 (CTL2). A single‐nucleotide substitution (461G>A; Arg154Gln) on the CTL2 gene (SLC44A2) defines the allele SLC44A2*1, which expresses HNA‐3a, and SLC44A2*2, which expresses HNA‐3b; an additional substitution (457C>T; Leu153Phe) in SLC44A2*1:2 may impact genotyping systems. People who only express HNA‐3b may develop anti‐HNA‐3a. These alloantibodies have been linked to severe transfusion‐related acute lung injury, which may be a reason to screen blood donors for SLC44A2*2 homozygosity. For Caucasian and Asian populations, SLC44A2 allele frequencies are known. Our primary objective was to determine the SLC44A2 allele frequencies in the African American population.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: Purified DNA from 334 individuals (202 male, 132 female; 241 African American, 93 Caucasian) was collected. Two real‐time polymerase chain reaction assays were developed to genotype all samples; results were confirmed by nucleotide sequencing.RESULTS: In 241 African American donors, the allele frequency of SLC44A2*1 was 93% (85%‐<100%; 95% confidence intervals, Poisson distribution) while SLC44A2*2 was 7% (5%‐10%). In 93 Caucasian donors, the allele frequency of SLC44A2*1 was 83% (71%‐98%) and SLC44A2*2 was 17% (11%‐24%), matching previously reported data for Caucasians but differing from African Americans (p < 0.001, Fisher's exact test).CONCLUSIONS: This study describes the allele frequencies of the three known HNA‐3 variants in an African American population. We found that African Americans have a significantly lower probability of possessing the SLC44A2*2 allele and may thus be less likely to form the clinically relevant anti‐HNA‐3a.