bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Contemplative Prayer & the 21st Century
Authors: Danaher James 
Published: August 2011

AbstractThe medieval, contemplative tradition for the most part ended with the great 16th century Spanish mystics. The modern period of the 17th and 18th centuries was an age of reason that sought to eliminate mystery. Modern theology kept in step with the rational nature of the period and the contemplative tradition was lost to the modern age. Thomas Merton reintroduced a contemplative theology to the 20th century, but contemplative practices are much more popular today than they were in the mid-twentieth century when Merton was writing. This paper examines what it is about our present 21st century and the end of modernity that is so conducive to the popularity of contemplative prayer, and so conducive to bringing us to a deeper and richer understanding of the Gospel.
Transubstantiation: Rethinking by Anglicans?
Authors: Douglas Brian 
Published: August 2011

AbstractThis article examines the ways in which Anglican theologians have reflected on the doctrine of transubstantiation. The article notes that there is substantial agreement between the Roman Catholic Church and the Anglican Communion on the nature of Christ's presence in the Eucharist and that this agreement has been forged by the long established and continuing dialogue of the Anglican Roman Catholic International Commission (ARCIC). At the same time the article notes that official responses from the Roman Catholic Church, while acknowledging the worth of the dialogue, have insisted on particular theological and philosophical definitions of the nature of Christ's presence in the Eucharist concerning a change in the substance of the elements. While Anglicans have not accepted this particular definition of the real presence of Christ in the Eucharist as defined by the traditional doctrine of transubstantiation, they have nonetheless accepted the notion of the real presence and reflected in modern times on transubstantiation. Examples of this reflection on transubstantiation by Anglicans are discussed in the hope of allowing the dialogue to continue at new levels of understanding.
Shakespeare and Early Modern Visual Culture
Authors: Porter Chloe 
Published: August 2011

AbstractThis essay presents an overview of recent work in the area of studies of Shakespeare and visual culture. Aiming to give an indication of the diverse range of approaches that may be adopted in this highly interdisciplinary field, the essay focuses particularly on a recent trend for the analysis of Shakespeare’s engagements with visuality from strongly literary perspectives. This trend has produced some valuable work, with significant implications for our understanding of Shakespeare’s status as a ‘literary’ figure. An emphasis on literariness in Shakespeare’s interactions with visual culture is linked partly to concerns about the status of visual culture in post‐Reformation England. Recent developments in art history and visual studies challenge some of the assumptions about post‐Reformation English visual culture that inform current works on Shakespeare and visual culture. By looking closely at relevant new art‐historical thinking, literary critics may significantly broaden the framework for the exploration of Shakespeare’s works as a part of early modern visual culture.
Lost Plays from Early Modern England: Voyage Drama, A Case Study
Authors: McInnis David 
Published: August 2011

AbstractThis article arises out of work on the recently launched Lost Plays Database (http://www.lostplays.org), and provides a case study of how consideration of lost plays can affect studies of early modern English drama. Through attention to lost travel plays, I discuss how our perception of voyage drama as a sub‐genre stands to be radically revised by the fragmentary evidence of non‐extant texts.
American Literary Naturalism: Critical Perspectives
Authors: Campbell Donna 
Published: August 2011

AbstractThis essay provides an overview and reinterpretation of American literary naturalism as practiced by classic naturalists Stephen Crane, Frank Norris, Theodore Dreiser, and Jack London, by later naturalists such as Phillips and Steinbeck, and by those whose contributions to naturalism deserve more recognition, among them women writers and writers of color such as Paul Laurence Dunbar and Ann Petry. The first section defines classic naturalism through four of its key features, each as exemplified by the fiction of one of the major turn‐of‐the‐century naturalists: urban poverty, violence, and parody in Crane; theories of heredity and capitalism in Norris; Social Darwinism and determinism in Dreiser; and racial atavism and primitivism in London. The second section reviews the problems of definition that have formed the critical discourse over naturalism since its inception, including distinguishing naturalism from other literary forms and surveying the late 19th‐century controversy over realism and the romance. The third section discusses critical trends in scholarship on naturalism, with particular attention to criticism published from 1980 to the present. To investigate the complex ideological and cultural work of naturalism during its classic phase and into the 20th century, the fourth section theorizes four thematic groupings: space and place, corporeality, mechanisms and technology, and lines and boundaries. When deployed as a series of interpretive lenses, these groupings not only expand the possibilities for reading classic naturalist authors but also provide a means of inclusion for those whose naturalistic writings have been little discussed. Naturalism thus emerges as less as an artifact of literary history to be recovered than as a vital means of interpreting texts across several decades.
‘We have experienced a tragedy which words cannot properly describe’: Representations of Trauma in Post‐9/11 Superhero Comics
Authors: Smith Philip , Goodrum Michael 
Published: August 2011

AbstractThis paper explores the manifestation of trauma in superhero comics following the terrorist attacks on the World Trade Center on September 11. These texts are considered from the perspectives of clinical psychology and Silverman’s concept of historical trauma. The paper first examines the genre as a whole, followed by an exploration of elements common to the genre as exemplified in the Avengers: Disassembled plot arc.
Extensive post‐translational processing of potato tuber storage proteins and vacuolar targeting
Authors: Jørgensen Malene , Stensballe Allan , Welinder Karen Gjesing 
Published: August 2011

Potato tuber storage proteins were obtained from vacuoles isolated from field‐grown starch potato tubers cv. Kuras. Vacuole sap proteins fractionated by gel filtration were studied by mass spectrometric analyses of trypsin and chymotrypsin digestions. The tuber vacuole appears to be a typical protein storage vacuole absent of proteolytic and glycolytic enzymes. The major soluble storage proteins included 28 Kunitz protease inhibitors, nine protease inhibitors 1, eight protease inhibitors 2, two carboxypeptidase inhibitors, eight patatins and five lipoxygenases (lox), which all showed cultivar‐specific sequence variations. These proteins, except for lox, have typical endoplasmic reticulum (ER) signal peptides and putative vacuolar sorting determinants of either the sequence or structure specific type or the C‐terminal type, or both. Unexpectedly, sap protein variants imported via the ER showed multiple molecular forms because of extensive and unspecific proteolytic cleavage of exposed N‐ and C‐terminal propeptides and surface loops, in spite of the abundance of protease inhibitors. Some propeptides are potential novel vacuolar targeting peptides. In the insoluble vacuole fraction two variants of phytepsin (aspartate protease) were identified. These are most probably the processing enzymes of potato tuber vacuolar proteins.Database
Proteome data have been submitted to the PRIDE database under accession number 17707.
A novel method for monitoring the localization of cytochromes P450 and other endoplasmic reticulum membrane associated proteins: a tool for investigating the formation of metabolons
Authors: Bassard Jean‐Etienne , Mutterer Jérôme , Duval Frédéric , Werck‐Reichhart Danièle 
Published: August 2011

In plants and possibly other organisms, channelling of the reactive intermediates resulting from P450 oxygenation is thought to require the formation of supramolecular complexes associating membrane‐bound and soluble enzymes. This implies a most probably loose membrane association of the soluble proteins. For the assessment of such membrane association in vivo, we propose an imaging strategy based on the accurate evaluation of fluorescent protein repartition and distance around endoplasmic reticulum (ER) tubules. It requires candidate protein fusion constructs with fluorescent reporters and transient expression in leaves of Nicotiana benthamiana. The method was tested with soluble eGFP/mRFP1, with various P450 and P450 reductase fluorescent fusions, and with anchored eGFP/mRFP1. It easily differentiated soluble and anchored proteins and detects subtle changes in ER tubules. The method was further assessed with a soluble protein previously shown to be loosely associated with the ER, the phenylalanine ammonia lyase PAL1 involved in the lignin biosynthetic pathway. This protein was found located in close vicinity to the ER. Taken together, these data indicate that the method proposed herein is suitable to monitor membrane association and relocalization of soluble proteins involved in the formation of metabolons.Database accession numbers

CYP51G1 (Uniprot Q9SAA9), PAL1 (Uniprot P25872), CYP98A3 (Uniprot O22203), CYP73A5 (Uniprot B1GV49), ATR1 (Uniprot Q9SB48), eGFP (GenBank DQ768212), mRFP1 (Uniprot Q9U6Y8)
Rethinking ‘the Human’ in Memory of Fay Gale (AO)
Authors: ANDERSON KAY 
Published: August 2011

AbstractIn 1972, the late Fay Gale (AO) published a characteristically self‐styled book titled Urban Aborigines. It launched a richly diverse career that delivered an exceptional legacy to the academic discipline of geography, aboriginal justice, university administration, and women's professional advancement. This article, based on a 2010 lecture in her honour, takes up Fay's intellectual contribution to one of these fields. It pursues her critical interest in the clash of indigenous/settler cultures in Australia through a novel account of the notorious head‐measuring practices of 19th century racial craniometry. Probing the Western premise that ‘mind’ is the assured marker of human distinction from nature, the article explores a question of fundamental contemporary relevance for Australian audiences and others across the globe: are there fresh prospects for reconciling settler and indigenous, as well as ‘green’ and ‘growth’, values if the conceit of this distinction can be overcome? This question is provoked from a peculiarly southern perspective in the spirit of the insistently geographic project that was Urban Aborigines.
Tinnitus complaint behaviour in long‐standing Menière’s disorder: its association with the other cardinal symptoms
Authors: Yoshida T. , Stephens D. , Kentala E. , Levo H. , Auramo Y. , Poe D. , Pyykkö I. 
Published: August 2011

Clin. Otolaryngol. 2011, 36, 461–467Objective:  To explore factors that determines tinnitus complaint behaviour in patients with chronic long‐standing Menière’s disorder.Design and setting:  A questionnaire‐based cross‐sectional investigation. This included the Oto‐neurological questionnaire, the Hearing Disability and Handicap Scale (HDHS), Hearing Measurement Scale (HMS) on sound localisation and the Dizziness Handicap Questionnaire (DHQ).Participants:  Randomly selected 183 members of the Finnish Menière’s Federation.Intervention:  Postal questionnaire.Main outcome measure:  International Tinnitus Inventory and impact of tinnitus.Results:  The 183 patients,[36 men and 147 women; mean age, 63 years] had their Meniere’s disorder‐like symptoms, with a mean of 18 years [range, 1–43], 19% of patients ranked tinnitus as their most severe symptom, and 10% experienced tinnitus as causing a severe or very severe impact. Regression analysis indicated that 41% of International Tinnitus Inventory variance and 28% of tinnitus impact variance were explained by the cardinal symptoms of Menière’s disorder. Furthermore, 40% of International Tinnitus Inventory and 25% of tinnitus impact variance were explained by symptom‐related disabilities (HDHS, HMS and DHQ). Aural pressure, hearing loss and gait problems were the most important predictors of tinnitus complaint. Understanding what people say and limitation of activities because of vertigo were the most important related disabilities.Conclusion:  Tinnitus shares a significant variance with the other cardinal symptoms in patients with long‐standing Menière’s disorder. As the impact is significantly related to activity limitations based on hearing disability and vertigo, the results suggest that therapeutic efforts to reduce tinnitus in Menière’s disorder should include the alleviation of balance and hearing problems.
CdS Quantum Dots in Glass: “Modification of Photoluminescence by Silver Doping”
Authors: Xu Kai , Chung Woon Jin , Heo Jong 
Published: August 2011

Silicate glasses containing CdS and Ag2O were made by the melt‐quenching method. CdS quantum dots (QDs) were precipitated inside the glass matrix by heat treatment at 570–590 °C for 10 h, and the influence of Ag on photoluminescence (PL) of CdS QDs was investigated. The emission located at 478–493 nm in wavelength originated from the direct recombination of electron/hole pairs was quenched due to charger transfer between Ag and CdS QDs. Modification of PL from CdS QDs by Ag provides potentials toward developing the color changing materials for light‐emitting diodes (LEDs).
Incompetent cervix and pneumouterus in a maiden mare
Authors: Witte T. S. , Nover M. , Overbeck W. , Hecht W. , Heuwieser W. 
Published: August 2011

SummaryThis case report describes an uncommon case of a congenitally incompetent cervix and a resulting pneumouterus in a 5‐year‐old maiden Quarter Horse mare. The mare was presented for artificial insemination at the Clinic for Animal Reproduction, Freie Universität Berlin, Germany. Routine vaginal and rectal examinations revealed a shortened cervix of 3 cm length and a dilated uterus filled with a considerable amount of air. During ultrasonographic examination, ovaries of normal size with regular cyclic activity were detected. Chromosomal analysis could not confirm any genetic anomalies such as an expected XO karyotype. The mare was excluded from breeding due to its anatomical constitution.
Cross‐sectional study of antimicrobial‐resistant bacteria in horses. Part 1: Prevalence of antimicrobial‐resistantEscherichia coliand methicillin‐resistantStaphylococcus aureus
Authors: MADDOX T. W. , CLEGG P. D. , DIGGLE P. J. , WEDLEY A. L. , DAWSON S. , PINCHBECK G. L. , WILLIAMS N. J. 
Published: August 2011

SummaryReasons for performing study:The increasing prevalence of antimicrobial‐resistant bacteria such as methicillin‐resistantStaphylococcus aureus(MRSA) and antimicrobial‐resistantEscherichia colirepresents a significant problem. However, the carriage of such bacteria by horses in the UK has not been well characterised.Objectives:To estimate the prevalence of nasal carriage of MRSA and faecal carriage of antimicrobial‐resistantE. coliamongst horses in the general equine community of the mainland UK.Methods:A cross‐sectional study of horses recruited by 65 randomly selected equine veterinary practices was conducted, with nasal swabs and faecal samples collected. Faecal samples were cultured for antimicrobial‐resistantE. coli. Nasal swabs were cultured for staphylococcal species; methicillin‐resistant isolates identified asS. aureuswere characterised by SCCmecandspagene typing. Multilevel logistic regression models were used to calculate prevalence estimates with adjustment for clustering at practice and premises levels. Spatial variation in risk of antimicrobial resistance was also examined.Results:In total, 650 faecal samples and 678 nasal swabs were collected from 692 horses located on 525 premises. The prevalence of faecal carriage ofE. coliwith resistance to any antimicrobial was 69.5% (95% CI 65.9–73.1%) and the prevalence of extended‐spectrum β‐lactamase (ESBL)‐producingE. coliwas 6.3% (95% CI 4.1–9.6%). The prevalence of nasal carriage of MRSA was 0.6% (95% CI 0.2–1.5%). Spatial analysis indicated variation across the UK for risk of carriage of resistant and multidrug‐resistant (resistant to more than 3 antimicrobial classes)E. coli.Conclusions and potential relevance:Carriage of MRSA by horses in the community appears rare, but the prevalence of antimicrobial‐resistantE. coli(including ESBL‐producingE. coli) is higher. A high prevalence of antimicrobial‐resistant bacteria could have significant health implications for the horse population of the UK.
Cross‐sectional survey of owner knowledge and husbandry practices, tack and health issues affecting working horses in Lesotho
Authors: UPJOHN M. M. , SHIPTON K. , PFEIFFER D. U. , LEROTHOLI T. , ATTWOOD G. , VERHEYEN K. L. P. 
Published: August 2011

SummaryReasons for performing study: To establish baseline parameters of equine health, owner knowledge and husbandry practices and tack against which benefits to local horses arising from an equine charity's training programme in Lesotho could be measured.Objectives: To describe and investigate associations between owner knowledge and equine husbandry practices, horse health and tack‐related parameters prior to the start of the training programme.Methods: A cross‐sectional survey was undertaken in the catchment area of students attending the first training course. Owners from randomly selected villages were interviewed about horse care using a standardised, structured questionnaire, administered face to face in local language. Horses were clinically examined and tack assessed according to standardised protocols.Results: Clinical examinations were performed on 312 horses and 287 owners were interviewed. Owners had variable knowledge of equine husbandry and limited understanding of appropriate primary and preventive healthcare. Equine health problems identified included ecto‐ and endoparasite infestation, mouth lesions, overgrown and unbalanced feet and tack‐associated wounds. The majority of tack was in poor condition, dirty and ill‐fitting. With the exception of below‐average body condition score, no associations were found between key adverse horse‐related clinical findings and owners reporting their horse as being ‘unhealthy’.Conclusions: Working horses in Lesotho have a range of physical problems, many of which could be ameliorated through targeted owner education. With limited access to veterinary advice and scarce resources, improved availability of affordable local equine trade skills is key to improving equine health.Potential relevance: Findings could be used to inform and direct training programmes to maximise benefits to equine health and to serve as a baseline against which to monitor effects of educational and other interventions.
Endoscopic evaluation of the navicular bursa: Observations, treatment and outcome in 92 cases with identified pathology
Authors: SMITH M. R. W. , WRIGHT I. M. 
Published: August 2011

SummaryReasons for performing study: Diagnostic navicular bursoscopy has been described in limited cases. Review of greater numbers is needed to define its contribution to case management and prognostic values.Objectives: To report: 1) clinical, diagnostic and endoscopic findings in a series of cases, 2) surgical techniques and case outcomes and 3) prognostic values. The authors hypothesise: 1) lameness localising to the navicular bursa is commonly associated with dorsal border deep digital flexor tendon (DDFT) lesions, 2) endoscopy allows extent of injuries to be assessed and treated, 3) case outcome relates to severity of DDFT injury and 4) the technique is safe and associated with little morbidity.Materials and methods: All horses that underwent endoscopy of a forelimb navicular bursa for investigation of lameness were identified. Case files were reviewed and those with injuries within the bursa selected for further analysis.Results: One‐hundred‐and‐fourteen horses were identified. Ninety‐two had injuries within the bursa and DDFT injuries were identified in 98% of bursae. Of those examined with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), 56% had combination injuries involving the DDFT and navicular bone. Sixty‐one percent of horses returned to work sound, 42% returned to previous performance. Horses with extensive tearing and combination injuries of the DDFT and navicular bone identified with MRI, had worse outcomes.Conclusions: Lameness localising to the navicular bursa is commonly associated with injuries to the dorsal border of the DDFT. Endoscopy permits identification and characterisation of injuries within the navicular bursa and enables lesion management. Outcome following debridement is related to severity of injury but overall is reasonable.Potential relevance: Horses with lameness localising to the navicular bursa may have tears of the DDFT. Bursoscopy is able to contribute diagnostic and prognostic information and debridement of lesions improves outcome compared to cases managed conservatively.
Circannual variation in plasma adrenocorticotropic hormone concentrations in the UK in normal horses and ponies, and those with pituitarypars intermediadysfunction
Authors: COPAS V. E. N. , DURHAM A. E. 
Published: August 2011

SummaryReasons for performing study:Pituitarypars intermediadysfunction (PPID) is a common endocrinopathy, frequently diagnosed via plasma adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) concentrations. Seasonal variation in plasma ACTH concentrations has been described in normal horses prompting caution in diagnosing PPID at certain times of the year. The aims of this study were to determine appropriate reference intervals for equine plasma ACTH throughout the year; and to examine the circannual variation of plasma ACTH concentrations in PPID cases.Hypothesis:Plasma ACTH can be used as a test for PPID throughout the year with the use of appropriate reference intervals.Methods:Data for reference interval calculations were obtained from samples collected from inpatients of Liphook Equine Hospital (non‐PPID group, n = 156). Data from PPID cases (n = 941) were obtained from samples submitted to the Liphook Equine Hospital Laboratory from horses with a clinical suspicion of PPID found to have plasma ACTH concentrations greater than our upper reference interval for that time of year.Results:Upper limits for reference interval of plasma ACTH were 29 pg/ml between November and July and 47 pg/ml between August and October. Circannual variation in plasma ACTH occurred in both non‐PPID and PPID horses with the highest ACTH concentrations found between August and October in both groups (P<0.0001). The greatest difference between the 2 populations also occurred between August and October.Conclusions:Plasma ACTH can be used for the diagnosis and monitoring of PPID throughout the year with the use of appropriate reference intervals. These findings demonstrate an increase in pituitary gland secretory activity during the late summer and autumn in both normal and PPID cases.