bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
E-012 Direct transcrainal puncture of a hemangiopericytoma and successful embolization with Onyx
Authors: Kreitel D , Conant P , Liu K , Jensen M , Evans A 
Published: July 2011

IntroductionHemangiopericytomas (HPC) comprise 1% of intracranial neoplasms and are traditionally treated with preoperative embolization and resection. This is a case of direct transcranial puncture and Onyx embolization of a right extra-axial tentorial HPC.Materials and MethodsA 61-year-old woman presented to the University of Virginia Medical Center following an aborted resection at an outside hospital of what was believed a meningioma. During the operation significant bleeding occurred. Frozen section identified it as a HPC. Angiography was performed for preoperative embolization of the lesion. The tumor was highly vascular and had arterial feeders from the right ECA and parasitized vessels from the right MCA, PCA, and SCA. The only appropriate branch for embolization was a small tortuous branch of the middle meningeal artery. Attempts to select this vessel using 0.014 and 0.010 microguidewires were unsuccessful. The vessel proved to be too small to catheterize. The team opted to attempt to treat the tumor by a direct stick embolization through the gap in the craniotomy defect. The scalp was surgically prepped and a diagnostic angiographic catheter was placed into the right ECA trunk to perform control angiograms and to monitor embolization. This was used to puncture the center of the supratentorial component. Embolization was performed with Onyx 34 (eV3, Irvine, California, USA) with continuous fluoroscopic monitoring using a negative roadmap technique. The needle was repositioned five times and a total of five cc's of Onyx was injected into the supratentorial component. The infratentorial component was not treated because it was small and less accessible. Surgical resection was performed the following day. The supratentorial section was completely necrotic and avascular. The infratentorial tumor was very vascular but resected with acceptable blood loss.DiscussionTransarterial embolization of vascular tumors of the head and neck is a standard procedure; direct stick embolization is rare. Direct puncture embolization with NBCA of vascular tumors has been reported. Onyx has been used for direct stick embolization of carotid body tumors. In this case, the crainotomy defect allowed for direct access to a tumor which could not have been embolized with transarterial techniques. In principle, otherwise inaccessible intracranial tumors would be embolized via small burr holes.ConclusionSuccessful Onyx embolization of intracranial vascular tumors can be achieved via unique accesses.Abstract E-012 Figure 1
E-017 Treatment of a complicated ICA vein graft aneurysm using covered stent assisted coiling
Authors: Sandhu D , Nanda A 
Published: July 2011

PurposeTo demonstrate the safety and efficacy of stent assisted, coil embolization for a large fusiform aneurysm that developed in a previously placed saphenous venous graft in the distal CCA and proximal ICA.Clinical PresentationA 44-year-old male presented with sudden onset of left hemiplegia, dysarthria and left hemianopia. An MRI brain revealed a large acute ischemic stroke the right temporo-parietal cortex and basal ganglia. A subsequent diagnostic angiogram revealed a large fusiform vein graft aneurysm measuring 3 cm by 2.5 cm engulfing the distal CCA and the origin of the ICA. A decision was made to perform covered stent assisted coiling of the aneurysm after vascular surgery deemed the procedure to carry too high a risk for intraoperative stroke. Treatment was delayed by 4 weeks due to the increased risk of hemorrhagic conversion of the large ischemic stroke.TechniqueProcedure was performed under conscious sedation. Two Precise stents were deployed across the aneurysm neck after jailing a Prowler 14 microcatheter inside the aneurysm sac to prevent coil herniation into the parent vessel. After filling the sac with coils, a covered Viabahn stent was successfully deployed across the aneurysm neck thereby achieving complete occlusion of the aneurysm while maintaining patency of the vessel lumen.ConclusionCovered stent assisted coiling for treatment of carotid artery vein graft aneurysms is a safe and effective treatment for a difficult vascular lesion. The patient was discharged home with complete resolution of the presenting symptoms and a NIH stroke scale of 0. This is the first reported case of successful endovascular treatment of an aneurysm developing in a vein graft in the carotid artery.Abstract E-017 Figure 1
E-021 Endovascular management strategies for anterior cerebral artery aneurysms: a single low volume center experience
Authors: Gordhan A 
Published: July 2011

PurposeTo evaluate management strategies, efficacy and clinical outcomes of anterior cerebral artery aneurysm endovascular treatment at a low volume community hospital.Material and MethodsProspective data entry and retrospective review of endovascular anterior cerebral artery aneurysms (ACA) treatment was performed from September 2004 to November 2009. Endovascular treatment of 17 anterior ACA (7 ruptured and 10 unruptured) was performed for 17 consecutive patients (6 males, 11 female; mean age 65.2 years). Procedural adverse events, morbidity, mortality, hospital length of stay and angiographic outcomes were analyzed.ResultsThree aneurysms were treated with Neuroform stent placement and two aneurysms were treated with balloon support. Complete occlusion was achieved in 64.7% (11/17) aneurysms. A residual neck was present in 35.2% (6/17). None showed aneurysm filling. Permanent procedure related morbidity and mortality was 0% and 5.2% (1/17), respectively. The single death occurred in a Fisher and Hunt and Hess Grade 4 patient with a procedural aneurysm perforation. Procedural adverse events occurred in 4 (21%) patients. This included 2 (10.5%) aneurysm perforations, 1 (5.8%) thromboembolic event and 1 (5.85%) stretched coil. At a mean 6 months angiographic follow-up, persistent complete occlusion was identified in 58.3% (7/12) of aneurysms. 16.6% (2/12) demonstrated a residual neck and 25% (3/12) aneurysm refilling. Two aneurysms were retreated with subsequent complete occlusion. Mean hospital length of stay was 2 days.ConclusionEndovascular coil embolization of anterior cerebral artery aneurysms at a low community hospital is feasible with acceptable clinical outcomes.
Nerve Growth Factor Links Oral Cancer Progression, Pain, and Cachexia
Authors: Ye Yi , Dang Dongmin , Zhang Jianan , Viet Chi T. , Lam David K. , Dolan John C. , Gibbs Jennifer L. , Schmidt Brian L. 
Published: July 2011

Abstract
Cancers often cause excruciating pain and rapid weight loss, severely reducing quality of life in cancer patients. Cancer-induced pain and cachexia are often studied and treated independently, although both symptoms are strongly linked with chronic inflammation and sustained production of proinflammatory cytokines. Because nerve growth factor (NGF) plays a cardinal role in inflammation and pain, and because it interacts with multiple proinflammatory cytokines, we hypothesized that NGF acts as a key endogenous molecule involved in the orchestration of cancer-related inflammation. NGF might be a molecule common to the mechanisms responsible for clinically distinctive cancer symptoms such as pain and cachexia as well as cancer progression. Here we reported that NGF was highly elevated in human oral squamous cell carcinoma tumors and cell cultures. Using two validated mouse cancer models, we further showed that NGF blockade decreased tumor proliferation, nociception, and weight loss by orchestrating proinflammatory cytokines and leptin production. NGF blockade also decreased expression levels of nociceptive receptors TRPV1, TRPA1, and PAR-2. Together, these results identified NGF as a common link among proliferation, pain, and cachexia in oral cancer. Anti-NGF could be an important mechanism-based therapy for oral cancer and its related symptoms. Mol Cancer Ther; 10(9); 1667–76. ©2011 AACR.
The EU Policy on Return of Illegally Staying Third-Country Nationals
Authors: Canetta Emanuela 
Published: July 2011

AbstractThe purpose of this article is to analyse the EU policy on return of illegally staying third-country nationals, focusing in particular on the draft EU legislation: the Proposal for a Directive on common standards and procedures in Member States for returning illegally staying third-country nationals (COM/2005/391). This paper studies the context, the objectives and the most relevant measures of the proposed Directive in order to identify its critical juridical aspects as regards the fundamental rights of third-country nationals. It analyses the on-going negotiations for its adoption, considering in particular the exercise of co-decision procedure, which is new in this policy domain, and the link with the EU Return Fund, to see how the EU inter-institutional dynamics influence the establishment of provisions regulating the rights and status of immigrants subject to a return procedure. The current findings show that the adoption of the proposed Directive is not an easy exercise: the issue is very sensitive and the on-going negotiations are long and difficult. Other institutions and various NGOs support the harmonisation process but criticise a number of provisions of the draft measure. EU institutions urgently need to find a strategy that could lead to the necessary agreement for the adoption of a 'clear, fair and transparent common procedure respecting fundamental rights'.
Locomotor loading mechanics in the hindlimbs of tegu lizards (Tupinambis merianae): comparative and evolutionary implications
Authors: Sheffield K. Megan , Butcher Michael T. , Shugart S. Katherine , Gander Jennifer C. , Blob Richard W. 
Published: July 2011

SUMMARYSkeletal elements are usually able to withstand several times their usual load before they yield, and this ratio is known as the bone's safety factor. Limited studies on amphibians and non-avian reptiles have shown that they have much higher limb bone safety factors than birds and mammals. It has been hypothesized that this difference is related to the difference in posture between upright birds and mammals and sprawling ectotherms; however, limb bone loading data from a wider range of sprawling species are needed in order to determine whether the higher safety factors seen in amphibians and non-avian reptiles are ancestral or derived conditions. Tegus (family Teiidae) are an ideal lineage with which to expand sampling of limb bone loading mechanics for sprawling taxa, particularly for lizards, because they are from a different clade than previously sampled iguanas and exhibit different foraging and locomotor habits (actively foraging carnivore versus burst-activity herbivore). We evaluated the mechanics of locomotor loading for the femur of the Argentine black and white tegu (Tupinambus merianae) using three-dimensional measurements of the ground reaction force and hindlimb kinematics, in vivo bone strains and femoral mechanical properties. Peak bending stresses experienced by the femur were low (tensile: 10.4±1.1 MPa; compressive: –17.4±0.9 MPa) and comparable to those in other reptiles, with moderate shear stresses and strains also present. Analyses of peak femoral stresses and strains led to estimated safety factor ranges of 8.8–18.6 in bending and 7.8–17.5 in torsion, both substantially higher than typical for birds and mammals but similar to other sprawling tetrapods. These results broaden the range of reptilian and amphibian taxa in which high femoral safety factors have been evaluated and further indicate a trend for the independent evolution of lower limb bone safety factors in endothermic taxa.
Dealing with Fear of Blushing: A Psychoeducational Group Intervention for Fear of Blushing
Authors: Dijk Corine , Buwalda Femke M. , de Jong Peter J. 
Published: July 2011

The clinical impression is that people who fear blushing do not easily seek psychological help for their complaints. Therefore, we designed a low‐threshold psychoeducational group intervention to reduce fear of blushing. The intervention followed a cognitive–behavioural approach, but in a course setting, e.g., with ‘participants’ and ‘teachers’ instead of ‘patients’ and ‘therapists’. The effectiveness of the course in reducing fear of blushing and social anxiety was tested in a group of blushing‐fearful individuals (n = 47) by using an uncontrolled study design. The course consisted of six weekly sessions and one booster session 3 months after the last regular session. Assessments took place upon application, immediately before the intervention, after the sixth session, before the booster session, and at 1‐year follow‐up. Results showed that the course was effective in reducing fear of blushing as well as symptoms of social anxiety. The positive effect of the course on anxiety measures suggests that it might be a promising approach for treating fear of blushing. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.Key Practitioner Message

The course ‘dealing with fear of blushing’ is a cognitive–behavioural group intervention in a course setting, e.g., with ‘participants’ and ‘teachers’ instead of ‘patients’ and ‘therapists’.
The course was effective in reducing anxiety complaints. An effect size of 1.4 and a reduction of approximately 30 points on this Blushing, Trembling and Sweating Questionnaire are comparable with what was reported for individual cognitive–behavioural treatments.
Participants evaluated the course positively.
Magnetic Field Line Random Walk in Two‐dimensional Turbulence: Markovian Diffusion versus Superdiffusion
Authors: Shalchi A. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractIn the present article previous work is complemented by investigating analytically the field line random walk in partially turbulent magnetic fields. By using the well‐established model of two‐dimensional turbulence with a general spectrum at large scales, we compute the field line diffusion coefficient for all length scales. This work will also clarify some confusion about the superdiffusive and diffusive regimes discovered earlier (© 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Water‐soluble omega‐3: A concept for purification of fish oil and nutraceuticals?
Authors: Borhaug Hilde , Kristensen Mette , Brudeli Bjarne , Sontum Per Christian , Klaveness Jo , Rongved Pål 
Published: July 2011

AbstractThere is a need for improved processes for preparation of omega‐3 PUFA formulations having a high content of PUFA, low levels of persistent environmental pollutants (EPs), acceptable oxidation stability and if possible, can be formulated as a powder. Using N‐methyl glucamine (meglumine), which forms water‐soluble omega‐3 salts, an extraction process was developed that for the first time removed the EPs present in the starting material (commercially available cod liver oil added fish oil, CLO‐FO). GC/high‐resolution MS (GC‐HRMS) showed levels of three common EPs that were below LOQ. Further, the fatty acid salts isolated were enriched in omega‐3 and appeared as water‐soluble white powders. The overall process increased the content of omega‐3 by >70% compared with CLO‐FO. The content of saturated fatty acids was reduced from 12.8 ± 0.6 to 2.1 ± 0.1%. In spite of using inert conditions during preparation, the oxidative deterioration was significant. When this issue is resolved, the powder may be further developed for use in tablets or other nutritional and health products.See accompanying commentary by Destaillats [1293–1295]
On the simulation of plastic forming under consideration of thermal effects
Authors: Shutov A. V. , Ihlemann J. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractA new model of finite strain thermo‐viscoplasticity is constructed. The model takes a combined nonlinear isotropic‐kinematic hardening into account in a thermodynamically consistent manner. The yield stress and some of the hardening parameters are temperature dependent. The equation of the heat conduction is obtained directly using the energy balance. In particular, the thermoelastic effect and the mechanical dissipation are obtained in a natural way. Unlike the classical Taylor‐Quinney rule, which yields in the case of a strong kinematic hardening inconsistent simulation results, the developed model enables physically reasonable computations. In order to capture the energy storage associated with the inelastic deformation more precisely, an additional component of the free energy – the so‐called detached free energy – is introduced. Using this constitutive assumption, a better fitting of the model prediction concerning the real temperature evolution can be achieved.
Optimization of winter road maintenance energy costs in Sweden: a critique of site specific frost warning techniques
Authors: Riehm Mats , Nordin Lina 
Published: July 2011

AbstractFrost formation on roads may cause slippery conditions and thereby increase the risk of accident occurrence. Roads are often treated with preventive operations using de‐icing agents (e.g. road salt), which are ideally planned and performed prior to frost formation. The decisions on when and where to treat different road stretches with salt are based on meteorological measurements and forecasts. This paper investigates how uncertainties in meteorological measurements for frost prediction at road weather stations affect the efficiency of winter road maintenance. Different types of uncertainties and errors are discussed, together with potential solutions. The effects on winter road maintenance efficiency are discussed in terms of energy and cost. It was found that improvements in frost warning accuracy and reliability can lead to considerable savings and more efficient winter road maintenance. Copyright © 2011 Royal Meteorological Society
A NMR reverse diffusion filter for the simplification of spectra of complex mixtures and the study of drug receptor interactions
Authors: Vega‐Vázquez M. , Cobas J. C. , Oliveira de Sousa F. F. , Martin‐Pastor M. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractA reverse diffusion filter NMR experiment (Drev) is proposed for the study of small molecules in binding with macromolecules. The filtering efficiency of Drev to eliminate the signals of the macromolecule is shown to be superior to conventional transverse relaxation filters at least for macromolecules containing a significant fraction of flexible residues. The Drev filter was also a useful complement for ligand‐based NMR screening in combination with saturation transfer difference experiments. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Regulating abortion: Impact on patients and providers in Texas
Authors: Colman Silvie , Joyce Ted 
Published: July 2011

AbstractThe State of Texas began enforcement of the Woman's Right to Know (WRTK) Act on January 1, 2004. The law requires that all abortions at or after 16 weeks' gestation be performed in an ambulatory surgical center (ASC). In the month the law went into effect, not one of Texas's 54 nonhospital abortion providers met the requirements of a surgical center. The effect was immediate and dramatic. The number of abortions performed in Texas at or after 16 weeks' gestation dropped 88 percent, from 3,642 in 2003 to 446 in 2004, while the number of residents who left the state for a late abortion almost quadrupled. By 2006, abortions at or after 16 weeks' gestation in a nonhospital setting were available in four major cities in Texas (down from nine in 2003), and the abortion rate at or after 16 weeks' gestation remained 50 percent below its pre‐Act level. Regulation of abortion providers that require new facilities or costly renovations could have profound effects on the market for second‐trimester abortions. © 2011 by the Association for Public Policy Analysis and Management.
Treatment of recurrent CNS disease post‐bone marrow transplant in familial HLH
Authors: Rangarajan Hemalatha G. , Grochowski Darci , Mulberry Mollie F. , Gheorghe Gabriela , Camitta Bruce M. , Talano Julie‐An M. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractCNS involvement in Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) has been reported in 63–73% of children at diagnosis [Haddad et al. (1997); Blood 89: 794–800; Horne et al. (2008); Br J Haematol 140: 327–335]. Patients can present with neurologic symptoms, abnormal CSF cytology, abnormal neuro‐imaging, or a combination of these findings. CNS involvement is usually associated with a poor prognosis and increased mortality. The 3 year overall survival is 44% in patients with CNS involvement compared to 67% in patients without CNS involvement at diagnosis [Horne et al. (2008); Br J Haematol 140: 327–335]. We describe a treatment strategy employing systemic dexamethasone to control CNS disease in a patient with familial HLH and persistent CNS disease post Bone Marrow Transplant. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2012; 59: 189–190. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Structure analysis of CVD graphene films based on HRTEM contrast simulations
Authors: Plachinda Paul , Rouvimov Sergei , Solanki Raj 
Published: July 2011

AbstractPhysical properties of graphene depend on the number of atomic layers in the film, presence of structural defects and impurities. Low‐voltage, aberration‐corrected, high‐resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) has proven to be an excellent tool for structure analysis of graphene films. However, experimental observations of graphene films by HRTEM exhibit several challenges due to low contrast and sensitivity of graphene to intense electron beams. While a majority of electron scattering effects in graphene are purely kinematic, the contrast interpretation still requires computer simulations for reliable structure identification. In this paper, we present HRTEM contrast simulations of graphene films based on multislice algorithms and compare them to experimental results. The effects of stacking sequence, number of layers, and presence of impurities have been analyzed in conjunction with imaging conditions.
Demonstration of a sol–gel synthesized bifacial CZTS photoelectrochemical cell
Authors: Sarswat Prashant K. , Free Michael L. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractCu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) films grown on transparent conducting electrodes using a sol–gel method were pre‐examined for future bifacial and tandem solar cell applications. Thin film containing Cu–Zn–Sn was prepared by solution based precursor on a SnO2‐F/(FTO) coated glass substrate, which was subsequently annealed in a sulfur environment to obtain a CZTS phase. The photocurrent response of CZTS film was measured using alternating front illumination and rear illumination in a Eu3+/Eu2+ solution environment. The photoelectrochemical response exhibited during rear illumination is comparable to that obtained for front illumination. The promising photocurrent data for CZTS films suggest these films have potential application in semitransparent photovoltaic devices.