bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Behavioral pathways from sibling relationships in adolescence to romantic partnerships in adulthood
Authors: Masarik April S. , Rogers Christy R. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractSibling relationships in adolescence provide rich and relevant socializing opportunities for developing early adult romantic relationships, but much less is known regarding the effect of siblings on future romantic partnerships. Using a prospective, longitudinal design, we investigated the association between observed positive behaviors (warmth, support, positive communication), sibling pairs during adolescence (7th, 8th, 9th, and 10th grades), and the same observed behaviors between adult romantic partners nearly two decades later (M age = 31 years old). In structural equation models (SEMs), we tested four dyadic pathways of interest: (1) individual behavioral continuity; (2) evocative partner effects; (3) sibling modeling; and (4) sibling‐to‐partner matching. In multiple group analyses, we also investigated gendered socialization effects for different sibling dyads (i.e., brother–brother; sister–sister; and mixed‐sex sibling pairs). Results showed strong continuity from adolescent behavior toward their sibling to the same behavior toward their romantic partner in early adulthood, but there was no evidence for sibling modeling effects nor for sibling matching. We also found significant differences between sister–sister sibling dyads compared to brother–brother and mixed‐sex sibling dyads for the evocative pathway. Findings highlight the “long view” of positive adolescent behavior in sibling relationships for shaping future romantic partnerships in adulthood.
Infant growth by INTERGROWTH‐21st and Fenton Growth Charts: Predicting 1‐year anthropometry in South African preterm infants
Authors: Nel Sanja , Feucht Ute Dagmar , Botha Tanita , Wenhold Friedeburg Anna Maria 
Published: May 2024

AbstractPost‐natal growth influences short‐ and long‐term preterm infant outcomes. Different growth charts, such as the Fenton Growth Chart (FGC) and INTERGROWTH‐21st Preterm Post‐natal Growth Standards (IG‐PPGS), describe different growth curves and targets. This study compares FGC‐ and IG‐PPGS‐derived weight‐for‐postmenstrual age z‐score (WZ) up to 50 weeks postmenstrual age (PMA50) for predicting 1‐year anthropometry in 321 South African preterm infants. The change in WZ from birth to PMA50 (ΔWZ, calculated using FGC and IG‐PPGS) was correlated to age‐corrected 1‐year anthropometric z‐scores for weight‐for‐age (WAZ), length‐for‐age (LAZ), weight‐for‐length (WLZ) and BMI‐for‐age (BMIZ), and categorically compared with rates of underweight (WAZ < −2), stunting (LAZ < −2), wasting (WLZ < −2) and overweight (BMIZ > + 2). Multivariable analyses explored the effects of other early‐life exposures on malnutrition risk. At PMA50, mean WZ was significantly higher on IG‐PPGS (−0.56 ± 1.52) than FGC (−0.90 ± 1.52; p < 0.001), but ΔWZ was similar (IG‐PPGS −0.26 ± 1.23, FGC −0.11 ± 1.14; p = 0.153). Statistically significant ΔWZ differences emerged among small‐for‐gestational age infants (FGC −0.38 ± 1.22 vs. IG‐PPGS −0.01 ± 1.30; p < 0.001) and appropriate‐for‐gestational age infants (FGC + 0.02 ± 1.08, IG‐PPGS −0.39 ± 1.18; p < 0.001). Correlation coefficients of ΔWZ with WAZ, LAZ, WLZ and BMIZ were low (r < 0.45), though higher for FGC than IG‐PPGS. Compared with IG‐PPGS, ΔWZ < −1 on FGC predicted larger percentages of underweight (42% vs. 36%) and wasting (43% vs. 39%) and equal percentages of stunting (33%), while ΔWZ > + 1 predicted larger percentages overweight (57% vs. 38%). Both charts performed similarly in multivariable analysis. Differences between FGC and IG‐PPGS are less apparent when considering ΔWZ, highlighting the importance of assessing growth as change over time, irrespective of growth chart.
Low‐coverage sequencing and Wahlund effect severely bias estimates of inbreeding, heterozygosity and effective population size in North American wolves
Authors: Kardos Marty , Waples Robin S. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractvonHoldt et al. ((2024), Molecular Ecology, 33, e17231) (vH24) used low‐coverage (average ~ 7X read depth) restriction site‐associated DNA sequence data to estimate individual inbreeding and heterozygosity, and recent effective population size (Ne), in Great Lakes (GL) and Northern Rocky Mountain (RM) wolves. They concluded that RM heterozygosity rapidly declined between 1991 and 2020, and that Ne declined substantially in GL and RM over the last 50 generations. Here, we evaluate the effects of low sequence coverage and sampling strategy on vH24's findings and provide general recommendations for using sequence data to evaluate inbreeding, heterozygosity and Ne. Low‐coverage sequencing resulted in downwardly biased estimates of individual inbreeding and heterozygosity, and an erroneous large temporal decline in RM heterozygosity due to declining read depth through time. Additionally, vH24's sampling strategy–which combined individuals from several genetically differentiated populations and across at least eight wolf generations–is expected to have resulted in severe downward bias in estimates of recent Ne for RM. We recommend using high‐coverage sequence data (15‐20X) to estimate inbreeding and heterozygosity. Carefully filtering individuals, loci and genotypes, and using genotype imputation or likelihoods can help to minimise bias when low‐coverage sequence data must be used. For estimation of contemporary Ne, the marginal benefits of using more than 103−104 loci are small, so aggressive filtering of loci with low average read depth potentially can retain most individuals without sacrificing much precision. Individuals are relatively more valuable than loci because analyses of contemporary Ne should focus on roughly single‐generation samples from local breeding populations.
Algorithmic management and control at work in a manufacturing sector: Workplace regime, union power and shopfloor conflict over digitalisation
Authors: Dupuis Mathieu 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIt is often stated that algorithmic management disrupts control regimes and enables employers to dictate the work effort level. This article argues that control at work must be conceived through inherent tensions in employment relations and contradictions that result from the implementation of technologies in workplaces. Building analytically on two theoretical approaches (workplace regimes and power resources), conflicts over algorithmic management on the shopfloor are conceptualised through structural characteristics of workplaces and strategic factors related to workers' power. To illustrate these tensions, qualitative data is mobilised from a case study of the aluminium industry in Québec (Canada), where algorithmic management was implemented to advance efficiency and intensify work. The main contribution of this article is to highlight the persistence of an ‘embedded control regime,’ which we explain through the structural characteristics of the sector under study (technology, production, and market) and the power resources mobilised by workers and unions. This study advances knowledge of the deployment of algorithmic management beyond the ‘gig economy’ by exploring the avenues through which workers and unions can effectively contest such technologies in the workplace.
Curry, dialectic and the modal ontological argument
Authors: Updike Eric T. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractA course of dialogical reasoning involving the atheist and the theist reveals a connection between the Curry phenomenon and the step‐wise construction of a sound version of the modal ontological argument. The exercise is both adversarial and cooperative as the participants are committed to the norms of shared truth‐seeking, respect for one's opponents and a desire to continue the dialectic for as long as possible. The theist relies on the interaction between the properties of a Curry‐style sentence and the structure of implication in order to show that the atheist's own commitments imply Anselm's principle (God necessarily exists if He actually exists at all). As Anselm's principle and the possibility premise are the only assumptions required for the modal ontological argument it follows that the theist has, given the norms of the dialogue, a winning strategy against the atheist. This follows since the possibility premise is granted by the atheist as part of their commitment to the norms governing the dialectic though the theist in virtue of those same norms must accept that God is at best maximally perfect in the light of the argument from evil and the Stone paradox.
Reduced tillering and dwarfing genes alter root traits and rhizo‐economics in wheat
Authors: Li Xiaoqing , He Di , White Rosemary G. , Delhaize Emmanuel , Ryan Peter R. , Ingvordsen Cathrine H. , Scafaro Andrew P. , Atkin Owen K. , Wasson Anton , Richards Richard 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe tiller inhibition (tin) and Reduced height (Rht) genes strongly influence the carbon partitioning and architecture of wheat shoots, but their effects on the energy economy of roots have not been examined in detail. We examined multiple root traits in three sets of near‐isogenic wheat lines (NILs) that differ in the tin gene or various dwarfing gene alleles (Rht‐B1b, Rht‐D1b, Rht‐B1c and Rht‐B1b + Rht‐D1b) to determine their effects on root structure, anatomy and carbon allocation. The tin gene resulted in fewer tillers but more costly roots in an extreme tin phenotype with a Banks genetic background due to increases in root‐to‐shoot ratio, total root length, and whole root respiration. However, this effect depended on the genetic background as tin caused both smaller shoots and roots in a different genetic background. The semi‐dwarf gene Rht‐B1b caused few changes to the root structure, whereas Rht‐D1b, Rht‐B1c and the double dwarf (Rht‐B1b + Rht‐D1b) decreased the root biomass. Rht‐B1c reduced the energy cost of roots by increasing specific root length, increasing the volume of cortical aerenchyma and by reducing root length, number, and biomass without affecting the root‐to‐shoot ratio. This work informs researchers using tin and Rht genes how to modify root system architecture to suit specific environments.
Apple‐arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis confers resistance to Fusarium solani by inducing defense response and elevating nitrogen absorption
Authors: Wang Mei , Xiang Li , Tang Weixiao , Chen Xuesen , Li Chuanrong , Yin Chengmiao , Mao Zhiquan 
Published: May 2024

AbstractFusarium solani exerts detrimental effects on plant growth, which is one of the reasons for the incidence of apple replant disease. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) enhance plant resistance to Fusarium wilt; however, the mechanism remains poorly understood. Therefore, the present study investigated the symbiosis between apple and AMF and explored the physiology, especially nitrate metabolism, antioxidant defense, and photosynthetic performance, when infected by F. solani. The experiment was carried out with four treatments, namely −AMF − F. solani, −AMF + F. solani, −AMF + F. solani, and + AMF + F. solani. In this study, the −AMF + F. solani treatment increased the activity of enzymes associated with nitrogen metabolism, such as the nitrate and nitrite reductases, in the apple root system. The +AMF + F. solani treatment showed higher antioxidant enzyme activities than the −AMF + F. solani by F. solani infection. The apple seedlings of the +AMF + F. solani treatment decreased reactive oxygen accumulation and reduced the oxidative damages triggered by F. solani infection. The improvement in antioxidant capacity due to the +AMF + F. solani treatment was closely associated with the upregulation of genes related to the antioxidant system. The F. solani infection greatly damaged the photosynthetic process, while the +AMF + F. solani treatment significantly improved it compared to the −AMF + F. solani treatment. In conclusion, the study demonstrated that the apple‐AMF symbiosis plays an active role in regulating the resistance against F. solani infection by enhancing defense response and nitrogen metabolism.
A meta‐analysis of the association between teacher support and school engagement
Authors: Vargas‐Madriz Luis Francisco , Konishi Chiaki , Wong Tracy K. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractSchool engagement is a multidimensional concept describing how students behave, feel, and think. Previous meta‐analyses suggest that school engagement may be underpinned by specific aspects of teacher support. However, given that school engagement is also multifaceted, it is important to examine how each aspect of school engagement is related to different aspects of teacher support. Thus, a meta‐analysis was conducted to ascertain the magnitude of the association between different domains of teacher support and various dimensions of school engagement. We also considered the moderating roles of study (e.g., study design) and sample characteristics (e.g., school level). Of the 1249 studies identified from three databases, 141 studies (i.e., 525,129 students) met the inclusion criteria. Results indicated that teacher support was positively associated with school engagement, but the magnitude of this association differed depending on which aspects of teacher support and school engagement were examined. Significant moderating effects were evident for sample language discrepancy (i.e., discrepancy between the language spoken by the student at home and in school), school level, sex, study design, and informants. Current findings emphasize a need to adopt a comprehensive approach when examining teacher support and school engagement. Findings also suggest the importance of fostering an emotionally supportive school context to promote school engagement among students. Implications for educational research and practice are discussed.
Equine intervertebral disc disease with dorsal protrusion and spinal cord compression: A computed tomography, myelography, MRI, and histopathologic case study
Authors: Mól Michał , Garrett Katherine , Ruby Rebecca , Janes Jennifer , Reed Stephen 
Published: May 2024

AbstractA 3‐year‐old American Saddlebred gelding presented for progressive tetraparesis, ataxia, and cervical hyperaesthesia. Radiographic myelography identified spinal cord compression at C6‐7 in neutral, extended, and flexed positions and at C4‐5 in the flexed position. CT myelography and postmortem MRI identified severe vertebral canal stenosis/compression at C6‐7. MRI further identified severe intervertebral disc herniation at C6‐7 with intramedullary changes. Disc protrusion was confirmed macroscopically at postmortem. Lesions consistent with compressive myelopathy were confirmed microscopically at C6‐7. This is the first report of equine disc protrusion and myelocompression confirmed by multiple advanced imaging modalities and postmortem examination.
Philippine Englishes in the Sino‐Philippine Lannang context
Authors: Gonzales Wilkinson Daniel Wong 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis article explores the relationship between Philippine English and the Lannangs, individuals with Filipino and Southern Chinese cultural heritage. It highlights the multifaceted nature of this English variety by discussing how it interacts with non‐English languages in contemporary Lannang communities located in Manila, Iloilo and Cebu. Using corpus data from 10 Lannang linguistic varieties used in these areas, I found that Philippine English has assumed three primary linguistic roles (that of a lexifier, a substrate and a lexical contributor)—dynamic roles that are conditioned by the (sociohistorical) context, domain of use and conventions of the specific community. In conjunction with existent accounts of non‐Lannang Philippine English(es), my findings justify complexity‐based representations or models of Philippine English that has multiple levels (degrees of English influence) and centres (ethno‐regional context) that interact with each other across different planes (e.g. social), such as the concentric‐pluricentric interactional‐interplanar (CPII) model proposed in this paper. They problematize and challenge the notion of a monolithic Manila‐based ‘Philippine English.’ The proposed model presents a framework/blueprint for analyzing English in multilingual settings.
NUDCD3
deficiency disrupts V(D)J recombination to cause SCID and Omenn syndrome
Authors: Chen Rui , Lukianova Elena , van der Loeff Ina Schim , Spegarova Jarmila Stremenova , Willet Joseph D.P. , James Kieran D. , Ryder Edward J. , Griffin Helen , IJspeert Hanna , Gajbhiye Akshada , Lamoliatte Frederic , Marin-Rubio Jose L. , Woodbine Lisa , Lemos Henrique , Swan David J. , Pintar Valeria , Sayes Kamal , Ruiz-Morales Elias R. , Eastham Simon , Dixon David , Prete Martin , Prigmore Elena , Jeggo Penny , Boyes Joan , Mellor Andrew , Huang Lei , van der Burg Mirjam , Engelhardt Karin R. , Stray-Pedersen Asbjørg , Erichsen Hans Christian , Gennery Andrew R. , Trost Matthias , Adams David J. , Anderson Graham , Lorenc Anna , Trynka Gosia , Hambleton Sophie 
Published: May 2024

Inborn errors of T cell development present a pediatric emergency in which timely curative therapy is informed by molecular diagnosis. In 11 affected patients across four consanguineous kindreds, we detected homozygosity for a single deleterious missense variant in the gene NudC domain–containing 3 (
NUDCD3
)
.
Two infants had severe combined immunodeficiency with the complete absence of T and B cells (T
-
B
-
SCID), whereas nine showed classical features of Omenn syndrome (OS). Restricted antigen receptor gene usage by residual T lymphocytes suggested impaired V(D)J recombination. Patient cells showed reduced expression of NUDCD3 protein and diminished ability to support RAG-mediated recombination in vitro, which was associated with pathologic sequestration of RAG1 in the nucleoli. Although impaired V(D)J recombination in a mouse model bearing the homologous variant led to milder immunologic abnormalities, NUDCD3 is absolutely required for healthy T and B cell development in humans.
Quality improvement project to improve adherence to lung protective ventilation guidelines
Authors: Harriman Adam , Butler Katrina , Parekh Dhruv , Weblin Jonathan 
Published: May 2024

IntroductionLung protective ventilation (LPV) is advocated for all patients requiring mechanical ventilation (MV), for any duration of time, to prevent worsening lung injury. Previous studies proved simple interventions can increase awareness of LPV and disease pathophysiology as well as improve adherence to LPV guidelines.ObjectiveTo assess the impact of a multi-component LPV quality improvement project (QIP) on adherence to LPV guidelines.MethodsTidal volume data for all patients requiring MV at a large, tertiary UK critical care unit were collected retrospectively over 3, 6 months, Plan-Do-Study-Act cycles between September 2019 and August 2022. These cycles included the sequential implementation of LPV reports, bedside whiteboards and targeted education led by a multispecialty working group.Main outcome measureAdherence against predetermined targets of <5% of MV hours spent at >10 mL/kg predicted body weight (PBW) and >75% of MV hours spent <8 mL/kg PBW for all patients requiring MV.Results408 949 hours (17 040 days) of MV data were analysed. Improved LPV adherence was demonstrated throughout the QIP. During mandated MV, time spent >10 mL/kg PBW reduced from 7.65% of MV hours to 4.04% and time spent <8 mL/kg PBW improved from 68.86% of MV hours to 71.87% following the QIP. During spontaneous MV, adherence improved with a reduction in time spent >10 mL/kg PBW from baseline to completion (13.2% vs 6.75%) with increased time spent <8 mL/kg PBW (62.74% vs 72.25%). Despite demonstrating improvements in adherence, we were unable to achieve success in all our predetermined targets.ConclusionThis multicomponent intervention including the use of LPV reports, bedside whiteboards and education improves adherence to LPV guidelines. More robust data analysis of reasons for non-adherence to our predetermined targets is required to guide future interventions that may allow further improvement in adherence to LPV guidelines.
Texture identification in liquid crystal-protein droplets using evaporative drying, generalized additive modeling, and K-means Clustering
Authors: Pal Anusuya , Gope Amalesh 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Sessile drying droplets manifest distinct morphological patterns, encompassing diverse systems, viz., DNA, proteins, blood, and protein-liquid crystal (LC) complexes. This study employs an integrated methodology that combines drying droplet, image texture analysis (features from First Order Statistics, Gray Level Co-occurrence Matrix, Gray Level Run Length Matrix, Gray Level Size Zone Matrix, and Gray Level Dependence Matrix), and statistical data analysis (Generalized Additive Modeling and K-means clustering). It provides a comprehensive qualitative and quantitative exploration by examining LC-protein droplets at varying initial phosphate buffered concentrations (0x, 0.25x, 0.5x, 0.75x, and 1x) during the drying process under optical microscopy with crossed polarizing configuration. Notably, it unveils distinct LC-protein textures across three drying stages: initial, middle, and final. The Generalized Additive Modeling (GAM) reveals that all the features significantly contribute to differentiating LC-protein droplets. Integrating the K-means clustering method with GAM analysis elucidates how textures evolve through the three drying stages compared to the entire drying process. Notably, the final drying stage stands out with well-defined, non-overlapping clusters, supporting the visual observations of unique LC textures. Furthermore, this paper contributes valuable insights, showcasing the efficacy of drying droplets as a rapid and straightforward tool for characterizing and classifying dynamic LC textures.

Graphical Abstract
Common Fallacies in Speaking and Writing … and What to Do about Them
Authors: Yaffe Philip 
Published: May 2024

Each "Communication Corner" essay is self-contained; however, they build on each other. For best results, before reading this essay and doing the exercise, go to the first essay "How an Ugly Duckling Became a Swan," then read each succeeding essay.
Expository (non-fiction) speaking and writing are almost always about trying to affect the audience's opinion or perception of something. The best communicators do so by presenting logical explanations supported by verifiable facts. Less diligent communicators do so by presenting logically fallible explanations supported by questionable facts. Sadly, they often do so not because they are dishonest, but rather it is because they themselves are unaware that this is what they are doing.