bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Steryl glycosides and acylated steryl glycosides in plant foods reflect unique sterol patterns
Authors: Nyström Laura , Schär Aline , Lampi Anna‐Maija 
Published: April 2012

AbstractGlycosylated plant sterols (steryl glycosides, SG and acylated steryl glycosides, ASG) are minor glycolipids found in a variety of plants at different levels and in different compositions. They have until now been far less studied than other sterol conjugates, though they possess at least the same potential health benefits as free or esterified plant sterols. Additionally, due to the more hydrophilic conjugated part, they may possess further beneficial properties in forming water‐soluble structures. We studied the content and sterol profiles of glycosylated sterols in various plant foods to be able to better understand their levels in human diets, as well as to identify sources with high levels and/or unique sterol profile for possible extraction for ingredients. Glycosylated sterols contributed up to almost 60% of total sterols in e.g. potatoes, indicating that they indeed are an important group of sterols in plants. The ratio of ASG and SG varied from 0.4 to 3.6, indicating significant differences in the proportions of these two conjugates in various plants. Furthermore, extremely large differences were observed in the sterol profiles not only between but also within different plants, which indicates that the sterol profile of the glycosylated sterols does not always reflect the total sterol composition in the same plant tissue.Practical applications: Glycosylated sterols have hydrophilic properties owing to the carbohydrate moiety of the conjugate. As a consequence, they could potentially be introduced to water‐based functional foods (unlike the hydrophobic free sterols and sterol esters in current applications). Various plant materials or side streams of food processes were shown to be good sources of these glycosylated plant sterols, and could be used as sources for extraction of glycosylated sterols for food ingredients. Furthermore, the detailed compositional information reported here will provide a basis to select also the desired sterol composition for the product. Finally, the data presented in this paper is invaluable for estimating the contribution of different foods as sources of glycosylated sterols in the diet.See commentary by Jiménez‐Escrig [p. 615–616]
Epigenetic responses following maternal dietary exposure to physiologically relevant levels of bisphenol A
Authors: Anderson Olivia S. , Nahar Muna S. , Faulk Christopher , Jones Tamara R. , Liao Chunyang , Kannan Kurunthachalam , Weinhouse Caren , Rozek Laura S. , Dolinoy Dana C. 
Published: April 2012

AbstractAnimal studies have linked perinatal bisphenol A (BPA) exposure to altered DNA methylation, but little attention is given to analyzing multiple physiologically relevant doses. Utilizing the viable yellow agouti (Avy) mouse, we examine the effects of developmental exposure through maternal diet to 50 ng BPA/kg (n = 14 litters), 50 μg BPA/kg (n = 9 litters), or 50 mg BPA/kg (n = 13 litters) on global and candidate gene methylation at postnatal day 22. Global methylation analysis reveals hypermethylation in tail tissue of a/a and Avy/a offspring across all dose groups compared with controls (n = 11 litters; P < 0.02). Analysis of coat color phenotype replicates previous work showing that the distribution of 50 mg BPA/kg Avy/a offspring shifts toward yellow (P = 0.006) by decreasing DNA methylation in the retrotransposon upstream of the Agouti gene (P = 0.03). Maternal exposure to 50 μg or 50 ng BPA/kg, however, results in altered coat color distributions in comparison with control (P = 0.04 and 0.02), but no DNA methylation effects at the Agouti gene are noted. DNA methylation at the CDK5 activator‐binding protein (CabpIAP) metastable epiallele shows hypermethylation in the 50 μg BPA/kg offspring, compared with controls (P = 0.02). Comparison of exposed mouse liver BPA levels to human fetal liver BPA levels indicates that the three experimental exposures are physiologically relevant. Thus, perinatal BPA exposure affects offspring phenotype and epigenetic regulation across multiple doses, indicating the need to evaluate dose effects in human clinical and population studies. Environ. Mol. Mutagen. 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Neighborhood socioeconomic status modifies the association between individual smoking status and PAH‐DNA adduct levels in prostate tissue
Authors: Rundle Andrew , Richards Catherine , Neslund‐Dudas Christine , Tang Deliang , Rybicki Benjamin A. 
Published: April 2012

AbstractInteractions between smoking and neighborhood‐level socioeconomic status (SES) as risk factors for higher polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) DNA adduct levels in prostate tissue were investigated. PAH‐DNA adducts were measured by immunohistochemistry with staining intensity measured in optical density units by semiquantitative absorbance image analysis in tumor adjacent tissue from 400 prostatectomy specimens from the Henry Ford Health System in Detroit. For each subject, their U.S. Census tract of residence was classified as being of higher or lower SES using the median value of the distribution of the proportion of tract residents with a high‐school education. Generalized estimating equation models were used to assess interactions between neighborhood‐level SES and smoking status, adjusting for race, age, education level, tumor volume, primary Gleason grade and prostate specific antigen (PSA) at diagnosis. There was a statistical interaction (P = 0.004) between tract‐level SES and smoking status. In lower SES tracts smoking status was not associated with adduct staining, but in higher SES tracts adduct staining intensity was 13% (P = 0.01) higher in ever‐smokers as compared to never‐smokers. Among never‐smokers, living in a lower SES tract was associated with a 25% higher mean staining intensity (P < 0.001). Neighborhood SES modifies the association between individual smoking status and PAH‐DNA adduct levels in prostate tissue. Environ. Mol. Mutagen. 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A case series of atypical presentations of thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura
Authors: Imanirad Iman , Rajasekhar Anita , Zumberg Marc 
Published: April 2012

AbstractThrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) is a heterogeneous disease primarily characterized by thrombocytopenia and microangiopathic hemolytic anemia. Therapeutic plasma exchange has dramatically improved mortality, allowing for emergence of refractory, relapsing, and atypical presentations. In this article, we describe four cases of TTP presenting with minimal schistocytes, mild elevation of lactate dehydrogenase, and symptoms suggestive of macrovascular arterial involvement. With increasing reports of less common presentations of TTP, clinicians should consider this diagnosis in cases of unexplained arterial thrombosis, thrombocytopenia, or hemolytic anemia. Testing for a disintegrin and metalloprotease with thrombospondin Type 1 motif, Member 13 ADAMTS13 activity was extremely useful to help confirm the diagnosis in our series of patients. J. Clin. Apheresis, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Extracorporeal photopheresis: Clinical use so far
Authors: Sanford Kimberly W. , Balogun Rasheed A. 
Published: April 2012

AbstractExtracorporeal photopheresis (ECP or photopheresis) is an advanced therapeutic apheresis procedure in which blood is separated into its various components and the isolated buffy coat is treated with 8‐methoxypsoralen (a photoactivating drug), exposed to ultraviolet light and returned to the patient. All other remaining blood components are also returned to the patient. The purpose of this procedure is immunomodulation. The treated leukocytes, specifically T‐cells, are returned to the patient's circulation and will induce cytotoxicity and reduce proliferation of new T‐cells. In the United States, ECP was initially approved for the treatment of cutaneous T‐cell lymphoma by the US Food and Drug Administration in the late 1980s. Since that time, it has been used as an “off‐label” therapy to treat several other autoimmune diseases in the United States and even more extensively in Europe and Asia. The following review is limited to the current clinical use of ECP in cutaneous T‐cell lymphoma, Crohn's disease, systemic sclerosis, graft versus host disease, and emerging data on nephrogenic systemic fibrosis. J. Clin. Apheresis, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Therapeutic plasma exchange in the elderly: Experience at a tertiary center
Authors: Abdel‐Rahman Emaad M. , Hayes John , Balogun Rasheed A. 
Published: April 2012

AbstractTherapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) is a beneficial albeit complicated method of therapy. The elderly, persons 65 years or older are growing in number, with increasing need for different therapeutic interventions including TPE. The elderly are more likely to have complications and pose challenges when considering TPE—both in terms of indications and outcomes. We retrospectively investigated the utility of TPE in terms of indications and mortality in the elderly (65 and above) versus a younger cohort (18–64 years) between January 1, 2000 and June 30, 2010. During this period, 581 patients required 4,722 TPE treatment sessions. Of them, 185 were elderly (31.8%) requiring 1,289 TPE sessions. The indications for TPE were neurological 14.1%, hematological 10.5%, renal 6.9%, and miscellaneous 2.0% in the elderly versus 22.7%, 20.8%, 20.7%, and 4.0% in the younger population undergoing TPE for neurological, hematological, renal and miscellaneous indications, respectively. We further investigated the mortality within 30 days of admission and a year later. The mortality figures within 30 days of admission and a year later in the elderly were 16.2% and 33.5%, respectively; higher than in the younger patients; 10.3% and 17.2%, respectively. We conclude that TPE is not an uncommon procedure in elderly, with more neurological indications, and is associated with higher mortality than younger patients. J. Clin. Apheresis, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Therapeutic apheresis in pediatrics: Technique adjustments, indications and nonindications, a plasma exchange focus
Authors: Wong Edward C.C. , Balogun Rasheed A. 
Published: April 2012

AbstractTherapeutic Apheresis procedures are associated with multiple and unique challenges in children. The procedures are often performed using evidence or experience extrapolated from adult clinical practice, which may not be evidenced based. In addition to the clinical challenges, relevant psychological issues, modification of protocols and technical hardware are often necessary for safe and effective treatment in children. The following review addresses these aspects of therapeutic apheresis in children as presented at the Therapeutic Apheresis Academy in September 2011. Because of the variety of therapeutic apheresis procedures that can be performed in children, for the purposes of this review, an emphasis will be on the performance of plasma exchange in children. J. Clin. Apheresis, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A review of biodiesel production by integrated reactive separation technologies
Authors: Kiss Anton A. , Bildea Costin Sorin 
Published: April 2012

AbstractBiodiesel is a biodegradable and renewable fuel, emerging as a viable alternative to petroleum diesel. Conventional biodiesel processes still suffer from problems associated with the use of homogeneous catalysts and the limitations imposed by the chemical reaction equilibrium, thus leading to severe economic and environmental penalties. This work provides a detailed review—illustrated with relevant examples—of novel reactive separation technologies used in biodiesel production: reactive distillation/absorption/extraction, and membrane reactors.Reactive separation offers new and exciting opportunities for manufacturing the fatty acid alkyl esters involved in the industrial production of biodiesel and specialty chemicals. The integration of reaction and separation into one operating unit overcomes equilibrium limitations and provides major benefits such as low capital investment and operating costs. These reactive separation processes can be further enhanced by heat‐integration and powered by heterogeneous catalysts, to eliminate all conventional catalyst related operations, using efficiently the raw materials and the reaction volume, while offering higher conversion and selectivity, as well as significant energy savings compared with conventional biodiesel processes. Remarkable, in spite of the high degree of integration, such integrated reactive‐separation processes are still very well controllable as illustrated by the included examples. Copyright © 2012 Society of Chemical Industry
Use of natural zeolites charged with ammonium or carbon dioxide in phytoremediation of lead‐ and zinc‐contaminated soils
Authors: Lai Tiziana , Cao Alessia , Zucca Antonio , Carucci Alessandra 
Published: April 2012

AbstractBACKGROUND: Zeolites are hydrated aluminosilicate characterized by high cation exchange capacity. The application of zeolites to different technologies is feasible, particularly to remediation technologies. The present work has the purpose to test the use of natural zeolites (clinoptilolite) in phytoremediation of a lead‐ and zinc‐contaminated soil. The soil was mixed with different doses of zeolites (uncharged), zeolites charged with ammonium and zeolites charged with carbon dioxide. The plant used for the experiment was Mirabilis jalapa L.RESULTS: The treatment with uncharged zeolites influenced positively M. jalapa growth in increasing plant biomass production of 15–20% and in reducing, at the same time, the accumulation of metals in the aerial part to a greater extent for lead (phytostabilization). The mixtures with only NH$_{4}^{+}$‐charged zeolites had a toxic effect on the plants, but when uncharged or CO2‐charged zeolites were added to the former the metal accumulation in the aerial parts increased.CONCLUSION: The limitation of metal accumulation in the aerial part of the plant in the pots with uncharged zeolites could imply their use in phytostabilization treatments; however the application in a phytoextraction process of the mixtures with zeolites appropriately charged with ammonium, even in a mixture with CO2‐charged zeolites, appears more promising. Copyright © 2012 Society of Chemical Industry
Sirenomelia apus after trimethoprim exposure: First‐trimester ultrasound diagnosis—a case report
Authors: Dosedla Erik , Kalafusová Michaela , Calda Pavel 
Published: April 2012

AbstractWe report the early prenatal ultrasound diagnosis of sirenomelia apus at 12+4 weeks in a patient with trimethoprim exposure in the vulnerable period. First‐trimester scan revealed a malformed fetus with one femur, one small tibia, no feet, intraabdominal unilocular cystic structure, and two‐vessel umbilical cord with allantoic cyst. Ultrasound visualization with two/three/four‐dimensions was helpful in the process of parental counseling. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound, 2012;
Arresting mantle formation and redirecting embryonic shell gland tissue by platinum2+ leads to body plan modifications in Marisa cornuarietis (Gastropoda, Ampullariidae)
Authors: Marschner Leonie , Triebskorn Rita , Köhler Heinz‐R. 
Published: April 2012

AbstractTo evaluate the threat that anthropogenic substances pose to animals when they are emitted into the environment, tests like the invertebrate embryo toxicity test with the ramshorn snail Marisa cornuarietis have been developed. These tests are used to investigate substances like the heavy metal platinum (Pt) that is used in catalytic converters and is gradually released in car exhausts. In 2010, our group reported that high Pt concentrations cause body plan alterations in snails and prevent the formation of an external shell during M. cornuarietis embryogenesis. Now, this study presents scanning‐electron micrographs and histological sections of platinum2+ (Pt2+)‐treated and untreated M. cornuarietis embryos and compares “normally” developing and “shell‐less” embryos during embryogenesis, to reveal the exact course of events that lead to this body plan shift. Both groups showed similar development until the onset of torsion 70‐ to 82‐h postfertilization. In the Pt2+‐exposed embryos, the rudimentary shell gland (=anlage of both shell gland and mantle, which usually evaginates, grows, and eventually covers the visceral sac) does not spread across the visceral sac but remains on its ventral side. Without the excessive growth of the shell gland, a horizontal rotation of the visceral sac relative to head and foot does not occur, as being normal during the process of torsion. J. Morphol., 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Sturgeons, sharks, and rays have multifocal crystalline lenses and similar lens suspension apparatuses
Authors: Gustafsson Ola S.E. , Ekström Peter , Kröger Ronald H.H. 
Published: April 2012

AbstractCrystalline lenses with multiple focal lengths in monochromatic light (multifocal lenses) are present in many vertebrate groups. These lenses compensate for chromatic aberration and create well‐focused color images. Stabilization of the lens within the eye and the ability to adjust focus are further requirements for vision in high detail. We investigated the occurrence of multifocal lenses by photorefractometry and lens suspension structures by light and electron microscopy in sturgeons (Acipenseriformes, Chondrostei) as well as sharks and rays (Elasmobranchii, Chondrichthyes). Multifocal lenses were found in two more major vertebrate groups, the Chondrostei represented by Acipenseriformes and Chondrichthyes represented by Elasmobranchii. The lens suspension structures of sturgeons, sharks, and rays are more complex than described previously. The lens is suspended by many delicate suspensory fibers in association with a ventral papilla in all groups studied. The arrangements of the suspensory fibers are most similar between sturgeons and sharks. In rays, the lens is suspended by a smaller ventral papilla and the suspensory fibers are arranged more concentrically to the lens. J. Morphol., 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Amaranthus viridis Linn., a common spinach, modulates C‐reactive protein, protein profile, ceruloplasmin and glycoprotein in experimental induced myocardial infarcted rats
Authors: Saravanan Ganapathy , Ponmurugan Ponnusamy 
Published: April 2012

AbstractBACKGROUND: Glycoprotein is one of the components of the cardiac extracellular matrix and plays an important role in cardiac remodelling during various cardiac diseases, including myocardial infarction (MI). This study was aimed at evaluating the preventive role of Amaranthus viridis Linn. on C‐reactive protein (CRP), total protein, albumin, globulin, ceruloplasmin and glycoproteins in the serum and heart of experimental induced myocardial infarcted (MI) rats.RESULTS: MI was induced in male Wistar rats by subcutaneous injection of 20 mg kg−1 isoproterenol (ISO) kg−1 body weight (BW) twice at an interval of 24 h. ISO‐induced MI rats showed a significant increase in the levels of serum CRP and ceruloplasmin and a significant decrease in the levels of serum total protein, albumin and globulin. Glycoprotein levels in the serum and heart were increased in ISO‐induced MI rats. Oral administration of 300 mg A. viridis kg−1 BW day−1 for a period of 45 days altered the metabolic derangement in ISO‐induced MI rats.CONCLUSION: This study exemplifies the protective effect of A. viridis on ISO‐induced cardiotoxicity in male Wistar rats. The data further reinforce the cardioprotective effect of A. viridis by altering CRP and glycoprotein levels. Copyright © 2012 Society of Chemical Industry
The age of cows as a factor shaping the antioxidant level during a nutritional experiment with fish oil and linseed supplementation for increasing the antioxidant value of milk
Authors: Puppel Kamila , Nałȩcz‐Tarwacka Teresa , Kuczyńska Beata , Gołȩbiewski Marcin , Kordyasz Marta , Grodzki Henryk 
Published: April 2012

AbstractBACKGROUND: So far, in research studies, the age of cows has not been considered as a factor that may influence the changes in the content of milk ingredients with antioxidant properties modified by the feed supplementation. The aim of this study was to determine the influence of supplementation on the content of ingredients having antioxidant properties and to determine the influence of the age of cows taking part in the experiment on these changes. The experiment was conducted using 20 Polish Holstein Friesian cows, 10 primiparous and 10 multiparous. The combined supplementation of fish oil and linseed constituted the experimental factor.RESULTS: The milk of primiparous cows after 21 days of supplementation was characterised by a higher content of C18:1 trans‐11, C18:2 cis‐9, trans‐11, α‐retinol, α‐tocopherol and β‐lactoglobulin compared to the milk of multiparous cows, in which a higher level of lactoferrin, C20:5 and β‐carotene was recorded. In both groups an increase in the total antioxidant status was noted (a higher level in the milk of primiparous cows).CONCLUSIONS: Modification of the diet of cows with fish oil and linseed significantly influenced antioxidant properties of their milk; however, the response of multiparous and primaparous cows was noticeably different to the supplement introduced. Copyright © 2012 Society of Chemical Industry
Effects of oxygen and antioxidants on the lipid oxidation and yellow discolouration of film from red tilapia mince
Authors: Tongnuanchan Phakawat , Benjakul Soottawat , Prodpran Thummanoon 
Published: April 2012

AbstractBACKGROUND: Generally, biodegradable films from fish muscle protein become yellow after preparation. This discolouration is more likely associated with lipid oxidation and can be prevented by minimising the oxidation in the films. Thus, the effects of oxygen and antioxidants on lipid oxidation and yellow discolouration of film from red tilapia mince during storage were investigated.RESULTS: Both films prepared at pH 3 and 11, and kept under atmosphere containing 100% N2 had the lowest TBARS value with the concomitant lowest b* and ΔE* values during storage (P < 0.05), when compared with other films kept in air and a 100% O2 atmosphere. Films prepared at pH 3 and incorporated with antioxidants (Trolox and catechin) at all levels (100, 200 and 400 mg L−1 film‐forming solution) had the lowest TBARS value, b* and ΔE* values during storage, indicating the retardation of lipid oxidation and yellow discolouration in films. Nevertheless, films prepared at pH 11 had no difference in TBARS values, in comparison with control film, regardless of antioxidant incorporation. Coincidentally, increases in b* and ΔE* values were observed in those films.CONCLUSIONS: Lipid oxidation was the main factor inducing yellow discolouration of film exposed to oxygen and the incorporation of antioxidants in film prepared at acidic pH was able to prevent yellow discolouration of resulting film. Copyright © 2012 Society of Chemical Industry
Canal switch after canalith repositioning procedure for benign paroxysmal positional vertigo
Authors: Lin Giant C. , Basura Gregory J. , Wong Hiu Tung , Heidenreich Katherine D. 
Published: April 2012

AbstractCanal switch is a complication following canalith repositioning procedure (CRP) for posterior canal benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV). Instead of being returned to the utricle, the loose otoconia migrate into the superior or horizontal semicircular canal. Patients remain symptomatic, and treatment can be ineffective unless the switch is recognized and additional repositioning maneuvers directed toward the appropriate semicircular canal are performed. This report provides the first videographic documentation of canal switch involving conversion of unilateral posterior semicircular canal BPPV to geotropic horizontal canalithiasis. Laryngoscope, 2012