bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploring the role of green hydrogen for distributed energy access planning towards net-zero emissions in Nigeria
Authors: Shari Babajide E. , Moumouni Yacouba , Ohunakin Olayinka S. , Blechinger Philipp , Madougou Saidou , Rabani Adamou 
Published: May 2024

AbstractProviding sustainable, affordable, and reliable electricity through low-carbon energy development in the Nigerian energy sector is fundamental to ensuring energy security. Currently, efforts to harness the potential of renewable energy, to provide universal electricity access for all have not translated into significant economic development in Nigeria. Investment in green hydrogen could strengthen Nigeria’s net-zero transition plan (NETP) and achieve sustainable energy access. The study explored the role of green hydrogen among five Electricity Distribution Companies (DisCos), from three geopolitical zones in Nigeria—North West, North Central, and North East. A bottom-up optimization linear programming methodology based on an open energy modelling framework (OEMOF) was used as the modelling paradigm. Secondary data mined from the Nigeria Energy Commission, Nigeria Electricity Regulatory Commission, NECAL 2050 report and international reports, and 2020 was used as a reference year to benchmark the model. The basic characteristics of the generation of electricity from green hydrogen, fuel cells, electrolyzers, and hydrogen storage, among other existing generation plants, were modelled till 2060 using modelled daily data obtained from Toktarova et al. (Electrical Power and Energy Systems 111:160–181, 2019). Outcomes from benchmarking led to two planning scenarios; these investigated possible insights that explored green hydrogen in Nigeria. Results showed that an integrated distributed approach would enhance harnessing green hydrogen in Nigeria, that is, electricity distribution among the DisCos. The study also revealed the following (1) the levelized cost of electricity could drop by about 8%, so also the cost of the investment; (2) access to electricity showed an improvement compared to the base year; and (3) emissions were cut in the power sector. To attain sustainable NETP with green hydrogen, the study recommends that a distributed generation approach among DisCos would support the national net-zero transition plan.
The impact of mobile learning in English language classrooms in Pakistan
Authors: Ali Muhammad Mooneeb , Alaa Ahmed M. , Shahnaz Ambreen 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIn the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic, a discernible shift towards mobile learning tools has emerged, supplanting conventional pedagogical methods. Mobile learning (m-learning) constitutes a subset of e-learning, involving the utilization of portable devices for educational purposes. This research undertakes an examination of the impact of m-learning within the context of Pakistani English language classrooms. The study's target population consisted of university students in Pakistan. Five universities in Lahore, Pakistan, were selected using a convenience sampling method. From these universities, a sample of 100 students, enrolled in the first semester of a Bachelor of Science English language learning preparatory year course, were selected based on a simple random sampling technique. Before the experimental phase, the students underwent a pre-test assessment. Subsequently, based on the results, they were evenly divided into a control group and an experimental group. It was ensured that both groups included students of mixed ability levels. The treatment duration spanned 4 months, equivalent to 48 credit hours. The experimental group engaged in learning activities through mobile phones, while the control group adhered to conventional instructional methods. Finally, upon completion of the treatment period, a post-test assessment was administered to the students. Data analysis revealed that the experimental group (Mean: 15.93) exhibited notably superior performance compared to the control group (Mean: 10.12). This outcome highlights the positive influence of m-learning on learners' academic achievements. Furthermore, this enhanced performance reflects learners' favorable reception of mobile phone utilization within the context of English as a second language academic learning.
Empirical analysis of the impact of China’s carbon emissions trading policy using provincial-level data
Authors: Jiang Xiaoguo , Xu Weiwei , Du Lixia 
Published: May 2024

AbstractInvestigating the impact of carbon emissions trading policy and elucidating the underlying mechanisms are crucial for enhancing policy effectiveness and refining related systems. This study examines the impact of carbon emissions trading policy by constructing a difference-in-difference model utilizing unbalanced panel data from China’s provinces spanning the period from 2005 to 2019. Additionally, a mediating effect model is employed to delve into the underlying mechanisms. The key findings are as follows: Firstly, the implementation of carbon emissions trading policy has a notable inhibitory impact on carbon emissions. Secondly, both the upgrading of industrial structure and the reduction of energy intensity play mediating roles in carbon emissions reduction. However, the development of clean energy industries does not exhibit a significant mediating effect. In conclusion, this study offers policy recommendations aimed at facilitating carbon reduction. These include enhancing the market-based trading mechanism for carbon emissions, optimizing and upgrading industrial structures, fostering innovation in green and low-carbon technologies, and promoting the development and utilization of clean energy.
Coral species-specific loss and physiological legacy effects are elicited by an extended marine heatwave
Authors: Strand Emma L. , Wong Kevin H. , Farraj Alexa , Gray Sierra , McMenamin Ana , Putnam Hollie M. 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT
Marine heatwaves are increasing in frequency and intensity, with potentially catastrophic consequences for marine ecosystems such as coral reefs. An extended heatwave and recovery time-series that incorporates multiple stressors and is environmentally realistic can provide enhanced predictive capacity for performance under climate change conditions. We exposed common reef-building corals in Hawai‘i, Montipora capitata and Pocillopora acuta, to a 2-month period of high temperature and high PCO2 conditions or ambient conditions in a factorial design, followed by 2 months of ambient conditions. High temperature, rather than high PCO2, drove multivariate physiology shifts through time in both species, including decreases in respiration rates and endosymbiont densities. Pocillopora acuta exhibited more significantly negatively altered physiology, and substantially higher bleaching and mortality than M. capitata. The sensitivity of P. acuta appears to be driven by higher baseline rates of photosynthesis paired with lower host antioxidant capacity, creating an increased sensitivity to oxidative stress. Thermal tolerance of M. capitata may be partly due to harboring a mixture of Cladocopium and Durusdinium spp., whereas P. acuta was dominated by other distinct Cladocopium spp. Only M. capitata survived the experiment, but physiological state in heatwave-exposed M. capitata remained significantly diverged at the end of recovery relative to individuals that experienced ambient conditions. In future climate scenarios, particularly marine heatwaves, our results indicate a species-specific loss of corals that is driven by baseline host and symbiont physiological differences as well as Symbiodiniaceae community compositions, with the surviving species experiencing physiological legacies that are likely to influence future stress responses.
Clinical efficacy of a new type of Sports Rehabilitation Therapy Bed
Authors: Yu Duoduo , Luo Xiaobing , Gao Piming 
Published: May 2024

Objective: To prove that the “sports rehabilitation bed” is a device aimed at improving the precision of stretching, which can help to reduce the difficulty of rehabilitation therapy, cut down the manpower input of rehabilitation therapy, and shorten the therapy duration as well.
Methods: This was a clinical comparative study. Twenty patients who underwent stretching therapy in Sichuan Province Orthopedic Hospital from June 2020 to August 2020 were randomly selected to carry out a control study on both lower extremities. The experimental group was given sports rehabilitation bed to assist rehabilitation therapy, while the control group was given conventional bare-handed stretching rehabilitation therapy. The stretching angle, stretching value, and the effective rate of stretching therapy between the two groups to analyze the clinical value of the new sports rehabilitation therapy bed.
Results: The stretching angle in the experimental group when using the sports rehabilitation therapy bed for stretching was lower than the conventional bare-handed stretching in the control group (T<0, P=0.05), with a statistically significant difference; the stretching values of the experimental group were lower than those of the control group(P<0.01), with a statistically significant difference. Moreover, the response rate of stretching therapy in the experimental group was lower than that in the control group(P<0.05), with a statistically significant difference.
Conclusion: Sports rehabilitation therapy beds can results in the advantages of effectively preventing iatrogenic injury in the process of stretching, and providing a more accurate and convenient stretching therapy method than the current commonly used bare-handed stretching for sports rehabilitation and intervention.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.40.6.7871
How to cite this: Yu D, Luo X, Gao P. Clinical efficacy of a new type of Sports Rehabilitation Therapy Bed. Pak J Med Sci. 2024;40(6):1180-1184. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.40.6.7871
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Jerusalem and Athens against Rome Leo Strauss’ critique of Edmund Burke’s political logic
Authors: Christias Panagiotis 
Published: May 2024

Leo Strauss never stopped questioning the three great Western traditions. The first was Judaism and the paradox of understanding it in the orthodox way in the modern era. His writings on Moses Maimonides are an attempt to present a coherent version of what he called “moderate Enlightenment”, an intellectual world where Moses and the prophets could be heard and understood for their reason. The second was an immoderate attachment to Plato and Platonism. In Philosophie und Gesetz (1935) he asserts that all great medieval philosophers of Judaism and Islam were platonicians. Strauss establishes a kind of alliance between the Ancients and the Medieval, forged around the profound harmony between Plato and Moses. The third tradition concerns his critique on “radical Enlightenment” and historicism, whose existential translation would be the assimilation of the Jewish people to the West (Die Religionskritik Spinozas, 1930). In his Natural Law and History (1950), he considers Edmund Burke to be the true father of the “historical school”, that lead to Hegelian radical historicism. He sides then with Plato and the Ancients forming an alliance against Cicero, Burke, and Modern political philosophy that defended the historical provenance of the Law. Athens and Jerusalem against Rome is the battle around the fundamental understanding of the Law, its origin and structure.
Neurophysiological, balance and motion evidence in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: A systematic review
Authors: Paramento Matilde , Passarotto Edoardo , Maccarone Maria Chiara , Agostini Michela , Contessa Paola , Rubega Maria , Formaggio Emanuela , Masiero Stefano 
Published: May 2024

Background
Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is a spinal deformity that affects approximately 4% of the world’s population. Several hypotheses regarding the etiology of AIS have been investigated. In the last decades, impaired visual-spatial perception, alterations in spatial body orientation and sensory integration deficits have been documented.

Objective
We aimed to summarize the neurophysiological, balance, and motion evidence related to AIS published in the last fifteen years, between January 2008 and April 2023. Both observational and interventional studies were considered. Only studies using quantitative assessment methods, such as electroencephalography (EEG), electromyography (EMG), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), somatosensory evoked potentials, force platform, or motion capture, were included.

Methods
1250 eligible records identified from online database searching were filtered by duplicate removal, title and abstract screening, and qualitative analysis. 61 articles met the inclusion criteria (i.e., Cobb range 10°-35°, age range 10-18 years) and were summarized.

Results
We found significant evidence of impaired standing balance in individuals with AIS who greatly rely on visual and proprioceptive information to stay upright. EMG studies frequently reported an increased activity on the convex side of the intrinsic spinae muscles. EEG data show increased delta and theta power, higher alpha peak frequencies, and significant suppression in the alpha and beta bands in subjects with AIS during standing tasks. MRI studies report changes in white matter structures, differences in the vestibular system, and abnormal cortical activations over motor-related areas in subjects with AIS. Bracing appears to be an effective treatment for AIS, leading to improvements in static balance and gait. Methodological issues prevent reliable conclusions about the effects of other treatment options.

Conclusions
This review underscores the importance of quantitative assessment methods to explore the etiology and pathophysiology of AIS. Further research is needed to measure the impact of physical therapy and orthotic treatments on the neurophysiological mechanisms of the disease.
Barriers and facilitators to self-care practices for sexual and reproductive health among women of reproductive age
Authors: Timilsina Amit , Bhandari Buna , Johns Alexandra , Thapa Subash 
Published: May 2024

Introduction
Sexual and Reproductive Health and Rights (SRHR) have been promoted globally, yet sexual and reproductive health (SRH) interventions are seldom evaluated from the perspective of service users and service providers. Very little is known about whether and why various target groups including general women are (or are not) practicing SRH -related self-care practices. This study explored SRH self-care practices and facilitators and barriers to the adoption of SRH self-care among reproductive-age women of Nepal.

Methods
In this descriptive qualitative study, we conducted in-depth interviews in June 2022 with ten married women of reproductive age (service users) and four SRHR service providers (program managers and health service providers) in Nepal. Thematic analysis was conducted for data analysis.

Results
We found that commonly practiced self-care practices were self-administration of contraceptives, self-management of pain, self-monitoring of pregnancy, self-awareness and seeking medical abortions (tele-abortion), self-medication for pre-exposure prophylaxis for HIV, and self-testing for HIV and pregnancy. The multi-level barriers to SRH self-care were poor knowledge and perceived lack of need for SRH self-care, limited access, and negative behaviors from the service providers. The program-related barriers included lack of evidence, limited financial resources, lack of accountability, and limited knowledge and skills among service providers on SRH self-care measures. Peer support, an increasing number of service sites, and access to and use of digital (health) tools emerged as the facilitators of SRH self-care.

Conclusions
The findings of this study suggest that addressing barriers such as poor knowledge, limited access, and negative attitudes while leveraging facilitators such as peer support and digital tools is essential for promoting and enabling effective SRH self-care among women. Population-wide awareness programs supplemented by increasing service sites are essential for increasing SRH self-care practices.
Noise in the “Aeolus” Episode in Joyce’s Ulysses: An Exploration of Acoustic Modernity
Authors: Hou Xiaoshan , Shen Fuying 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
This article delves into the intricate connections between noise and the socio-historical contexts within James Joyce’s Ulysses. The focal point is the Aeolus episode, which vividly depicts the auditory landscape of 1904 Dublin. Rather than focusing on clear technological transitions, Joyce accentuates the deepening of historical appreciation via modern sonic experiences. Joyce weaves a narrative that echoes the prevailing spirit of the state. His portrayal evokes a sense of a waning epoch, setting the grandeur of ancient Greece against the present-day stagnation and gloom of Dublin. Ultimately, this aural cultural historical design highlights Joyce’s sonorous narrative that exemplifies his drive to depict history with multifaceted depth.
Substrate-fertilizer-integrated agarose-based hydrogel as a growth substrate for selenium-enriched cultivation of mature pakchoi (Brassica chinensis L.)
Authors: Wang Yun , Zhu Jian , Li Na 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Different agarose-based (agar-based) hydrogels for Se-enriched cultures of mature vegetables were successfully synthesized, and their structure and morphology were characterized using FT-IR, XRD, TGA, and SEM. The growth indices and Se content of pakchoi plants grown on different agar-based hydrogels were measured. The results showed that the Agar-NS-SeCA-AC hydrogel system can support plant growth for prolonged periods under Se-enriched cultivation. The introduction of the three additives accounted for a 191.09 % increase in the pakchoi yield compared with that of the pristine Agar hydrogel but improved the Se content of the pakchoi by 10.77 %. Moreover, an orthogonal experimental design was used to analyze the influence of NS, SeCA, and AC on the growth and Se enrichment effect of pakchoi grown on agar-based hydrogels. Our findings provide a novel substrate for plant Se-enriched cultivation and could lead to the development of new strategies for indoor Se-enriched farming and space Se-enriched farming.
Lih Wang's and Dittert's conjectures on permanents
Authors: Udayan Divya K. , Somasundaram Kanagasabapathi 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Let

Ω

n

{\Omega }_{n}

denote the set of all doubly stochastic matrices of order

n

n

. Lih and Wang conjectured that for

n
≥
3

n\ge 3

, per

(

t

J

n

+

(

1
−
t

)

A

)

≤
t

\left(t{J}_{n}+\left(1-t)A)\le t

per

J

n

+

(

1
−
t

)

{J}_{n}+\left(1-t)

per

A

A

, for all

A
∈

Ω

n

A\in {\Omega }_{n}

and all

t
∈

[

0.5
,
1

]

t\in \left[0.5,1]

, where

J

n

{J}_{n}

is the

n
×
n

n\times n

matrix with each entry equal to

1

n

\frac{1}{n}

. This conjecture was proved partially for

n
≤
5

n\le 5

. Let

K

n

{K}_{n}

denote the set of nonnegative

n
×
n

n\times n

matrices whose elements have sum

n

n

. Let

ϕ

\phi

be a real valued function defined on

K

n

{K}_{n}

by

ϕ

(

X

)

=

∏

i
=
1

n

r

i

+

∏

j
=
1

n

c

j

\phi \left(X)={\prod }_{i=1}^{n}{r}_{i}+{\prod }_{j=1}^{n}{c}_{j}

- per

X

X

for

X
∈

K

n

X\in {K}_{n}

with row sum vector

(

r

1

,

r

2

,

…

r

n

)

\left({r}_{1},{r}_{2},\ldots {r}_{n})

and column sum vector

(

c

1

,

c

2

,

…

c

n

)

\left({c}_{1},{c}_{2},\ldots {c}_{n})

. A matrix

A
∈

K

n

A\in {K}_{n}

is called a

ϕ

\phi

-maximizing matrix if

ϕ

(

A

)

≥
ϕ

(

X

)

\phi \left(A)\ge \phi \left(X)

for all

X
∈

K

n

X\in {K}_{n}

. Dittert conjectured that

J

n

{J}_{n}

is the unique

ϕ

\phi

-maximizing matrix on

K

n

{K}_{n}

. Sinkhorn proved the conjecture for

n
=
2

n=2

and Hwang proved it for

n
=
3

n=3

. In this article, we prove the Lih and Wang partially for

n
=
6

n=6

. It is also proved that if

A

A

is a

ϕ

\phi

-maximizing matrix on

K

4

{K}_{4}

, then

A

A

is fully indecomposable.
Resistance Training in the Heat: Mechanisms of Hypertrophy and Performance Enhancement
Authors: Pryor J. Luke , Sweet Daniel , Rosbrook Paul , Qiao JianBo , Hess Hayden W. , Looney David P. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Pryor, JL, Sweet, D, Rosbrook, P, Qiao, J, Hess, HW, and Looney, DP. Resistance training in the heat: Mechanisms of hypertrophy and performance enhancement. J Strength Cond Res 38(7): 1350–1357, 2024—The addition of heat stress to resistance exercise or heated resistance exercise (HRE) is growing in popularity as emerging evidence indicates altered neuromuscular function and an amplification of several mechanistic targets of protein synthesis. Studies demonstrating increased protein synthesis activity have shown temperature-dependent mammalian target of rapamycin phosphorylation, supplemental calcium release, augmented heat shock protein expression, and altered immune and hormone activity. These intriguing observations have largely stemmed from myotube, isolated muscle fiber, or rodent models using passive heating alone or in combination with immobilization or injury models. A growing number of translational studies in humans show comparable results employing local tissue or whole-body heat with and without resistance exercise. While few, these translational studies are immensely valuable as they are most applicable to sport and exercise. As such, this brief narrative review aims to discuss evidence primarily from human HRE studies detailing the neuromuscular, hormonal, and molecular responses to HRE and subsequent strength and hypertrophy adaptations. Much remains unknown in this exciting new area of inquiry from both a mechanistic and functional perspective warranting continued research.
Elucidating the complex interplay between thermodynamics, kinetics, and electrochemistry in battery electrodes through phase-field modeling
Authors: Andrews W. Beck , Thornton Katsuyo 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis article highlights applications of phase-field modeling to electrochemical systems, with a focus on battery electrodes. We first provide an overview on the physical processes involved in electrochemical systems and applications of the phase-field approach to understand the thermodynamic and kinetic mechanisms underlying these processes. We employ two examples to highlight how realistic thermodynamics and kinetics can naturally be incorporated into phase-field modeling of electrochemical processes. One is a composite battery cathode with an intercalation compound (LixFePO4) as the electrochemically active material, and the other is a displacement reaction compound (Li–Cu–TiS2). With the input parameters mostly from atomistic calculations and experimental measurements, phase-field simulations allowed us to untangle the interactions among transport, reaction, electricity, chemistry, and thermodynamics that lead to highly complex evolution of the materials within battery electrodes. The implications of these observations for battery performance and degradation are discussed.
Graphical abstract