bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Barriers and facilitators to mental health treatment access and engagement for LGBTQA+ people with psychosis: a scoping review protocol
Authors: Gonçalves Cláudia C. , Waters Zoe , Quirk Shae E. , Haddad Peter M. , Lin Ashleigh , Williams Lana J. , Yung Alison R. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
The prevalence of psychosis has been shown to be disproportionately high amongst sexual and gender minority individuals. However, there is currently little consideration of the unique needs of this population in mental health treatment, with LGBTQA+ individuals facing barriers in accessing timely and non-stigmatising support for psychotic experiences. This issue deserves attention as delays to help-seeking and poor engagement with treatment predict worsened clinical and functional outcomes for people with psychosis. The present protocol describes the methodology for a scoping review which will aim to identify barriers and facilitators faced by LGBTQA+ individuals across the psychosis spectrum in help-seeking and accessing mental health support.

Methods
A comprehensive search strategy will be used to search Medline, PsycINFO, Embase, Scopus, LGBTQ+ Source, and grey literature. Original studies of any design, setting, and publication date will be included if they discuss barriers and facilitators to mental health treatment access and engagement for LGBTQA+ people with experiences of psychosis. Two reviewers will independently screen titles/abstracts and full-text articles for inclusion in the review. Both reviewers will then extract the relevant data according to pre-determined criteria, and study quality will be assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) critical appraisal checklists. Key data from included studies will be synthesised in narrative form according to the Guidance on the Conduct of Narrative Synthesis in Systematic Reviews.

Discussion
The results of this review will provide a comprehensive account of the current and historical barriers and facilitators to mental healthcare faced by LGBTQA+ people with psychotic symptoms and experiences. It is anticipated that the findings from this review will be relevant to clinical and community services and inform future research. Findings will be disseminated through publication in a peer-reviewed journal and presented at conferences.

Scoping review registration
This protocol is registered in Open Science Framework Registries (https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/AT6FC).
Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) among people who use drugs: a qualitative scoping review of implementation determinants and change methods
Authors: Merle James L. , Zapata Juan P. , Quieroz Artur , Zamantakis Alithia , Sanuade Olutobi , Mustanski Brian , Smith Justin D. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractImplementation of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) to prevent HIV transmission is suboptimal in the United States, particularly among people who use drugs (PWUD). PrEP research among PWUD is scarce, and the factors that impact implementation are largely unknown. Therefore, we conducted a scoping review of implementation determinants (i.e., barriers and facilitators), as well as the change methods (implementation strategies and adjunctive interventions) that have been evaluated to increase PrEP implementation and use among PWUD. We identified 32 peer-reviewed articles assessing determinants and five that evaluated change methods. Determinants were coded using the updated Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR), which is an established framework to understand the multilevel barriers and facilitators associated with implementation. Findings indicate that most research was conducted among PrEP recipients (i.e., patients), focusing on awareness and willingness to use PrEP, with less focus on factors impacting clinicians and service delivery systems. Moreover, very few change methods have been evaluated to improve clinician adoption and adherence to CDC guidelines for PrEP provision and/or recipient uptake and adherence to PrEP. Future research is needed that focuses on factors impacting implementation from a clinician standpoint as well as innovative change methods to increase PrEP awareness, reach, adoption, and sustained adherence to guidelines. Implementation Science offers a wealth of knowledge to speed up the effort to end the HIV epidemic in the United States.
Positive behaviour interventions in online gaming: a systematic review of strategies applied in other environments
Authors: Marques Tiago Garrido , Schumann Sandy , Mariconti Enrico 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
Disruptive behaviours are a recurrent concern in online gaming and are usually dealt with through reactive and punitive strategies. However, in health and educational settings, workplaces, and the context of interpersonal relationships, positive behaviour interventions have been implemented as well. This systematic review assessed the use of positive behaviour strategies as well as their effectiveness in a range of environments to suggest routes for transferring such interventions to (multiplayer) online gaming.

Methods
We included 22 records in the review and examined (a) the targeted individuals/groups, (b) the specific disruptive behaviour problems that were addressed, (c) the nature of the positive behaviour strategy intervention, and (d) its effectiveness.

Results
Findings showed that the most common interventions that have been investigated thus far are the promotion of active bystander intervention, the good behaviour game, and tootling/positive peer reporting. These sought to prevent or reduce aggressive behaviour, negative peer interaction, name-calling, cyberbullying, and hate speech. The identified interventions differed in their effectiveness; however, all demonstrated some degree of positive impact.

Conclusions
Considering similarities and differences between online and offline settings, we propose that tootling and the good behaviour game are most suitable to be applied to (multiplayer) online gaming.
Ion precipitation in the cusp for northward IMF and its relationship with magnetosheath flow
Authors: Koike Haruto , Taguchi Satoshi 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIf the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) has a northward component, a portion of the solar wind ions flowing in the high-latitude magnetosheath drastically alters the flow direction owing to lobe reconnection and follows the Earth's magnetic field lines toward the low-altitude cusp. Partly because of this folded path, the relationship between the speed of ion flow in the magnetosheath and the energy of the precipitating ions in the low-altitude cusp remains unclarified. Herein, we examined particle data from 11 years of observations by Defense Meteorological Satellite Program satellites to obtain 1990 cases through an automated event identification of the cusp. This corresponds to the largest number of cusp ion events reported to date for a stable northward IMF. The results revealed a positive correlation between the energy of the precipitating ions and the estimated flow speed in the magnetosheath, which answers the question that has remained unexplained for decades: why is the brightness of the cusp proton aurora more strongly correlated with the solar wind dynamic pressure than with the solar wind number density? We suggest additional energizations of the exhausted ions from lobe reconnection in the outflow region because of the turbulent electric field formed by the opposite flow of two ion populations—one in the tailward-directed magnetosheath flow and the other in the earthward-directed outflow jet.
Graphical Abstract
Distinct properties of putative trophoblast stem cells established from somatic cell nuclear-transferred pig blastocysts
Authors: Kim Eunhye , Cai Lian , Choi Hyerin , Kim Mirae , Hyun Sang-Hwan 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
Genetically modified pigs are considered ideal models for studying human diseases and potential sources for xenotransplantation research. However, the somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) technique utilized to generate these cloned pig models has low efficiency, and fetal development is limited due to placental abnormalities.

Results
In this study, we unprecedentedly established putative porcine trophoblast stem cells (TSCs) using SCNT and in vitro-fertilized (IVF) blastocysts through the activation of Wing-less/Integrated (Wnt) and epidermal growth factor (EGF) pathways, inhibition of transforming growth factor-β (TGFβ) and Rho-associated protein kinase (ROCK) pathways, and supplementation with ascorbic acid. We also compared the transcripts of putative TSCs originating from SCNT and IVF embryos and their differentiated lineages. A total of 19 porcine TSCs exhibiting typical characteristics were established from SCNT and IVF blastocysts (TSCsNT and TSCsIVF). Compared with the TSCsIVF, TSCsNT showed distinct expression patterns suggesting unique TSCsNT characteristics, including decreased mRNA expression of genes related to apposition, steroid hormone biosynthesis, angiopoiesis, and RNA stability.

Conclusion
This study provides valuable information and a powerful model for studying the abnormal development and dysfunction of trophoblasts and placentas in cloned pigs.
Development, Characterization and In Vitro Gastrointestinal Release of PLGA Nanoparticles Loaded with Full-Spectrum Cannabis Extracts
Authors: Villate Aitor , Barreto Gastón Pablo , Nicolás Markel San , Aizpurua-Olaizola Oier , Olivares Maitane , Usobiaga Aresatz 
Published: May 2024

AbstractCannabinoids, such as ∆9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD), are effective bioactive compounds that improve the quality of life of patients with certain chronic conditions. The copolymer poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) has been used to encapsulate such compounds separately, providing pharmaceutical grade edible products with unique features. In this work, a variety of PLGA based nanoformulations that maintain the natural cannabinoid profile found in the plant (known as full-spectrum) are proposed and evaluated. Three different cannabis sources were used, representing the three most relevant cannabis chemotypes. PLGA nanocapsules loaded with different amounts of cannabinoids were prepared by nanoemulsion, and were then functionalized with three of the most common coating polymers: pectin, alginate and chitosan. In order to evaluate the suitability of the proposed formulations, all the synthesized nanocapsules were characterized, and their cannabinoid content, size, zeta-potential, morphology and in vitro bioaccessibility was determined. Regardless of the employed cannabis source, its load and the functionalization, high cannabinoid content PLGA nanocapsules with suitable particle size and zeta-potential were obtained. Study of nanocapsules’ morphology and in vitro release assays in gastro-intestinal media suggested that high cannabis source load may compromise the structure of nanocapsules and their release properties, and hence, the use of lower content of cannabis source is recommended.
Graphical Abstract
The Role of Lookahead and Approximate Policy Evaluation in Reinforcement Learning with Linear Value Function Approximation
Authors: Winnicki Anna , Lubars Joseph , Livesay Michael , Srikant R. 
Published: May 2024

Role of Lookahead in Modified Policy Iteration with Linear Value Function Approximation In many applications of reinforcement learning, the underlying system dynamics are known, but computing the optimal policy is still difficult because the size of the state space can be enormously large. For example, Shannon famously estimated the number of states in chess to be approximately 10120. To handle such enormous state space sizes, policy iteration algorithms make two major approximations; it is assumed that the value function lies in a lower-dimensional space and that only a few steps of a trajectory (called rollout) are used to evaluate a policy. Using a counterexample, we show that approximations can lead to the divergence of policy iteration. We show that sufficient lookahead in the policy improvement step mitigates this divergence and leads to algorithms with bounded errors. We also show that these errors can be controlled by appropriately choosing an appropriate amount of lookahead and rollout.
Bridging the Chasm Between Intentions and Behaviors: Developing and Testing a Construal Level Theory of Internal Whistle-Blowing
Authors: Vadera Abhijeet K. , Tenbrunsel Ann E. , Diekmann Kristina A. 
Published: May 2024

The recent wave of corporate scandals has necessitated a more systematic investigation of internal whistle-blowing as a potential way to prevent wrongdoing. Our understanding of whistle-blowing, however, has been hampered by a deep chasm that exists between employees’ intent to blow the whistle and their whistle-blowing behaviors. We argue that to fully bridge this gap, we need to consider employees’ cognitive states at the time of whistle-blowing intentions versus behaviors and to link these cognitive states to the ethical systems within the organization’s ethical infrastructure to understand which systems are more effective in cultivating whistle-blowing intentions and which systems help translate those intentions into behaviors. Across one multisource field study and one multiwave experiment, we found support for our arguments that top management values-based communication systems, which are more high construal (abstract), affect whistle-blowing intentions whereas ethical accountability systems and ethical retaliatory systems, which are more low construal (concrete), moderate the relationship between whistle-blowing intentions and behaviors. By linking ethical systems within the organization’s ethical infrastructure to the two stages (intentions and behaviors) of the whistle-blowing process and the accompanying cognitive states, we develop and empirically test a construal level theory of internal whistle-blowing. Funding: This work was supported by the Ministry of Education, Singapore, under its Academic Research Fund Grant Calls [MOE 2019-T2-1-192 and MSS16B012].
Keeping patients safe through medication review and management in the community
Authors: Idris Muhammad Usamah Bin Mohamed , Jamil Nursa'adah Binte , Yi Xu , Su-Fee Lim , Yuh Ang Shin , Aloweni Fazila , Towle Rachel Marie 
Published: May 2024

Background: There are numerous publications on inpatient medication errors. However, little focus is given to medication errors that occur at home. Aims: To describe and analyse the types of medication errors among community-dwelling patients following their discharge from an acute care hospital in Singapore. Method: This is a retrospective review of a ‘good catch’ reporting system from December 2018 to March 2022. Medication-related errors were extracted and analysed. Findings: A total of 73 reported medication-related error incidents were reviewed. The mean age of the patients was 78 years old (SD=9). Most patients managed their medications independently at home (45.2%, n=33). The majority of medications involved were cardiovascular medications (51.5%, n=50). Incorrect dosing (41.1%, n=39) was the most common medication error reported. Poor understanding of medication usage (35.6%, n=26) and lack of awareness of medication changes after discharge (24.7%, n=18) were the primary causes of the errors. Conclusion: This study's findings provide valuable insights into reducing medication errors at home. More attention must be given to post-discharge care, especially to preventable medication errors. Medication administration and management education can be emphasised using teach-back methods.
Within- and between-subject biological variation estimates for the enumeration of lymphocyte deep immunophenotyping and monocyte subsets
Authors: Guo Kai , Feng Xiaoran , Xu Lei , Li Chenbin , Ma Yating , Peng Mingting 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Objectives
This study aimed to deliver biological variation (BV) estimates for 25 types of lymphocyte subpopulations subjected to deep immunophenotyping (memory T/B cells, regulatory T cells, etc.) and classical, intermediate, and nonclassical monocyte subsets based on the full spectrum flow cytometry (FS-FCM) and a Biological Variation Data Critical Appraisal Checklist (BIVAC) design.

Methods
Samples were collected biweekly from 60 healthy Chinese adults over 10 consecutive two-week periods. Each sample was measured in duplicate within a single run for lymphocyte deep immunophenotyping and monocyte subset determination using FS-FCM, including the percentage (%) and absolute count (cells/μL). After trend adjustment, a Bayesian model was applied to deliver the within-subject BV (CVI) and between-subject BV (CVG) estimates with 95 % credibility intervals.

Results
Enumeration (% and cells/μL) for 25 types of lymphocyte deep immunophenotyping and three types of monocyte subset percentages showed considerable variability in terms of CVI and CVG. CVI ranged from 4.23 to 47.47 %. Additionally, CVG ranged between 10.32 and 101.30 %, except for CD4+ effector memory T cells re-expressing CD45RA. No significant differences were found between males and females for CVI and CVG estimates. Nevertheless, the CVGs of PD-1+ T cells (%) may be higher in females than males. Based on the desired analytical performance specification, the maximum allowable imprecision immune parameter was the CD8+PD-1+ T cell (cells/μL), with 23.7 %.

Conclusions
This is the first study delivering BV estimates for 25 types of lymphocyte subpopulations subjected to deep immunophenotyping, along with classical, intermediate, and nonclassical monocyte subsets, using FS-FCM and adhering to the BIVAC design.
Fatigue life prediction method of carbon fiber-reinforced composites
Authors: Lai Jiamei , Xia Yousheng , Huang Zhichao , Liu Bangxiong , Mo Mingzhi , Yu Jiren 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The use of composite laminates is characterized by problems such as poor inter-layer bonding and susceptibility of material properties to fatigue cracking, which seriously threaten structural safety. Research on fatigue damage characteristics and fatigue life prediction of fiber-reinforced composites can help to solve such problems. Carbon fiber-reinforced epoxy resin matrix composite laminates are taken as the object of this study. By analyzing the fatigue failure process and the fatigue failure micromorphology of the specimen, the primary damage forms and fatigue damage characteristics of its fatigue failure were obtained. The fatigue failure process of fiber-reinforced composites was simulated using finite element analysis software ABAQUS and its UMAT subroutine function. The tensile–tensile fatigue damage characteristics and failure mechanism of fiber-reinforced composites were studied, and the fatigue life of the composites was predicted. The feasibility of this life prediction method was verified by comparing it with experimentally obtained damage processes and fatigue lives. This intuitive and reliable life prediction method has good research potential for predicting the fatigue limit of fiber-reinforced composites.
The crystal structure of hexaquazinc(II) poly[hexakis(μ2-4-methylbenzenesulfinato-κ2O:O′) dizinc(II)]
Authors: Xi-Shi Tai , Xi-Hai Yan , Yuan-Fang Wang , Li-Hua Wang 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
C42H54O18S6Zn3, trigonal,

P

3
‾

1
m

$P\overline{3}1m$

(no. 162), a = 9.2916(13) Å, c = 18.121(4) Å, V = 1354.9(5) Å3, Z = 0.99996, R
gt(F) = 0.0490, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1330, T = 293(2) K.
Influence of selected sheet-fed offset printing conditions on primary mottling
Authors: Kowalczyk Jan 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The key parameter in the printing process is the evenness of applying the ink layer on the printing substrate. It determines the quality of the produced prints. One of the many factors affecting the final evenness of the ink layer on the print is the phenomenon of mottling, which is caused by the non-uniform internal structure of the paper. The aim of this work was to analyze the influence of basic printing parameters on the value of the mottling index. The research showed a significant effect of the pressure in the printing unit of the offset machine and the thickness of the ink layer on the printing substrate on the value of the primary mottling index. In addition, the research revealed that the properties of the printing substrate have a significant impact on the value and nature of changes in the mottling index. In this work, using the Fourier analysis, the frequency of optical density fluctuations in solid tone area related to the mottling phenomenon was also studied. No influence of pressure changes in the Nip of the printing unit on this print parameter was found.
Cáncer de mama en el norte del Perú: subtipos moleculares y HER2 low
Authors: Gómez-Rázuri Katherine , Abad-Licham Milagros , Astigueta Juan , Moreno Joan 
Published: May 2024

El objetivo del estudio fue conocer el perfil inmunohistoquímico del cáncer de mama e identificar elsubgrupo HER2 low en la macrorregión norte del Perú. Se realizó un estudio transversal con una muestra de 1176 pacientes atendidos en el Instituto Regional de Enfermedades Neoplásicas Norte del Perú desde enero de 2016 a diciembre de 2023. Los datos recolectados (edad, tipo histológico, grado y resultados complementarios), se analizaron con frecuencias y porcentajes. El perfil correspondió a: luminal B (45,6%); luminal A (24,7%); triple negativo (18,2%); y HER2 positivo no luminal (11,5%). Además, HER2 low fueron 215 pacientes (25,1% de los considerados previamente negativos). Este estudio proporciona evidencia que la subtipificación de cáncer de mama ha cambiado, siendo luminal B más frecuente, y es esencial involucrar a políticas de salud para adquirir terapias dirigidas considerando a pacientes HER2 low.
Exploring Natural Product Derivatives having Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitory Activity
Authors: Packiapalavesam Shakthi Devi , Saravanan Venkatesan , Ramesh Pavithra , Devarajan Agilandeswari , Mohan Maruga Raja Muthu Kumaradoss , Kathiravan Muthu Kumaradoss 
Published: May 2024

Carbonic anhydrase is an enzyme which plays an active role in many biological functions of the human body. It is omnipresent in all the biological organisms with eight different genetic families. Its primary role is to catalyze the reversible hydration of CO2 to bicarbonate and protons. Though it is beneficial in many aspects it is also equally important for the cancer cells because of its pH regulatory nature. For tumor cells to survive and metastasis the regulation of pH and creating a hypoxia condition is very much needed, as Carbonic anhydrase is an extended family of sixteen isozymes, some of them are very essential for tumor cells. Many research is going on to inhibit the selective enzyme which is over expressed in the tumor cells. To be exact Carbonic anhydrase IX and XII are the most important enzymes overexpressed in the tumor cells. Sulfonamides, along with their bioisosters sulfonamides and sulfamates, have been employed for decades in treating conditions like glaucoma, epilepsy, and diuretics. Notably, this class of compounds has been extensively studied for its role as carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, showcasing their significant use and exploration in various therapeutic applications. In recent years, there has been a notable shift in the study of Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors towards natural products in addition to synthetic derivatives. Traditional drug design methods have historically yielded synthetic CAIs, but the exploration of Natural products derivatives has significantly advanced the field. Natural products, such as psammaplin C and altemicidin, containing primary sulfonamide or sulfamate groups, are gaining attention. The chemical diversity, binding specificity, and interaction tendencies of natural product derivatives make them appealing for molecular probes in research.