bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Concomitant Hysterectomy Route on Robotic Sacrocolpopexy Outcomes
Authors: Swallow Christina , Imamoglu Metehan , Imamoglu Aysegul Gizem , Xu Xiao , Harmanli Oz 
Published: February 2025

Importance
Sacrocolpopexy is essential in the surgical management of advanced pelvic organ prolapse, and selecting the appropriate route for concomitant hysterectomy is critical.

Objectives
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the hysterectomy route at the time of robot-assisted laparoscopic sacrocolpopexy (RA-SCP) on mesh exposure. Secondary outcomes were perioperative complications and prolapse recurrence.

Study Design
This was a retrospective cohort study of 405 patients who underwent an RA-SCP at our institution from January 2013 to July 2019 with at least 6 month follow-up; the patients were grouped with respect to hysterectomy route as robot-assisted supracervical hysterectomy (SCH), total vaginal hysterectomy (VH), and posthysterectomy (PH). The primary outcome measure was mesh exposure. Short-term complications and anatomic failure were also analyzed.

Results
Two hundred three of our patients (50.1%) had a concomitant SCH, 93 (23.0%) had a concomitant VH, and 109 (26.9%) were PH at the time of their robotic sacrocolpopexy. Sacrocolpopexy mesh exposure occurred in 4 patients (1%), with an additional 6 patients (1.5%) with midurethral sling mesh exposure. Mesh exposure rates did not differ significantly between groups. At 6 months after surgery, anatomic failure rates did not differ significantly between groups (P = 0.69).
Intraoperative and postoperative complication rates were low (bowel obstruction, 2.0%; bladder injury, 1.2%, after excluding those caused by sling trocars; venous thromboembolism, 0.7%; transfusion, 0.5%). Postoperative infection and readmission rates did not differ significantly between groups.

Conclusions
Patients with different routes of hysterectomy at the time of RA-SCP have similar mesh exposure and prolapse recurrence rates. Serious complications are rare in all groups.
Simultaneous single-cell CRISPR, RNA, and ATAC-seq enables multiomic CRISPR screens to identify gene regulatory relationships
Authors: Shevade Kaivalya , Yang Yeqing Angela , Feng Kevin , Mader Karl , Sevim Volkan , Parsons Jacob , Arora Gunisha , Elfawy Hasnaa , Mace Rachel , Federman Scot , Esanov Rustam , Shafer Shawn , Chow Eric D , Przybyla Laralynne 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThe ability to identify gene functions and interactions in specific cellular contexts has been greatly enabled by functional genomics technologies. CRISPR-based genetic screens have proven invaluable in elucidating gene function in mammalian cells. Single-cell functional genomics methods, such as Perturb-seq and Spear-ATAC, have made it possible to achieve high-throughput mapping of the functional effects of gene perturbations by profiling transcriptomes and DNA accessibility, respectively. Combining single-cell chromatin accessibility and transcriptomic data via multiomic approaches has facilitated the discovery of novel cis and gene regulatory interactions. However, pseudobulk readouts from cell populations can often cloud the interpretation of results due to a heterogeneous response from cells receiving the same genetic perturbation, which could be mitigated by using transcriptional profiles of single cells to subset the ATAC-seq data. Existing methods to capture CRISPR guide RNAs to simultaneously assess the impact of genetic perturbations on RNA and ATAC profiles require either cloning of gRNA libraries in specialized vectors or implementing complex protocols with multiple rounds of barcoding. Here, we introduce CAT-ATAC, a technique that adds CRISPR gRNA capture to the existing 10X Genomics Multiome assay, generating paired transcriptome, chromatin accessibility and perturbation identity data from the same individual cells. We demonstrate up to 77% guide capture efficiency for both arrayed and pooled delivery of lentiviral gRNAs in induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) and cancer cell lines. This capability allows us to construct gene regulatory networks (GRNs) in cells under drug and genetic perturbations. By applying CAT-ATAC, we were able to identify a GRN associated with dasatinib resistance, indirectly activated by the HIC2 gene. Using loss of function experiments, we further validated that the gene, ZFPM2, a component of the predicted GRN, also contributes to dasatinib resistance. CAT-ATAC can thus be used to generate high-content multidimensional genotype-phenotype maps to reveal novel gene and cellular interactions and functions.
A randomized double-blind placebo-controlled Phase 1 trial of PXS-6302, a topical lysyl oxidase inhibitor, in mature scars
Authors: Morellini Natalie , Gong Peijun , Rea Suzanne , Douglas Helen , Ho Phuoc Hao , Cense Barry , Kennedy Brendan F. , Jarolimek Wolfgang , Charlton Brett , Findlay Alison , Leadbetter Joanna , Wood Fiona M. , Fear Mark W. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractSkin scars are a significant clinical challenge, with poor appearance and increased tissue stiffness affecting both physical and psychological wellbeing. Lysyl oxidases are a family of enzymes that catalyze collagen crosslinking, a key factor in scar pathophysiology. Here we report a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled Phase 1 clinical trial to assess the safety and tolerability of PXS-6302, a topical pan-lysyl oxidase inhibitor, in treating mature scars (ACTRN12621001545853). Fifty participants with scars were enrolled and PXS-6302 or placebo cream applied to a 10 cm2area for three months. No severe adverse events were reported. All treatment-related adverse events (AEs) were localized skin reactions. Treatment with PXS-6302 significantly inhibited lysyl oxidase activity (66%). Hydroxyproline (a marker for collagen) and total protein concentration in the scar were significantly reduced in the PXS-6302 treatment group compared to placebo. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) was used to measure vascularity and attenuation (a marker of extracellular matrix composition). PXS-6302 treatment significantly increased vessel density at 3 months compared to baseline. Tissue attenuation was also significantly increased in PXS-6302 treated participants compared to baseline, suggesting extracellular matrix was becoming increasingly similar to normal skin. No significant differences between placebo and PXS-6302 treatment groups were observed in Patient Observer Scar Assessment Scale (POSAS) scores at study conclusion. To our knowledge, this study represents the first demonstration of a safe and effective pharmaceutical intervention that significantly improves the molecular composition of established scar extracellular matrix in humans. Pan-lysyl oxidase inhibition therefore represents a potential paradigm shift for the amelioration of scarring.One Sentence SummaryMature scars remodeled after treatment with a topical cream for three months.
Knowledge, attitude, and willingness to Perform On-Site Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Among Individuals Trained in Public CPR: A Cross-Sectional Survey
Authors: Cui ShaoMei , Ye DanJuan , Yang Heng , Zhang LiYan , Chen Lixia 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTObjectivesIn China, the rescue rate by first responders who have received public Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) training remains low. While CPR training boosts emergency knowledge and skills among the public, the degree to which this knowledge is retained, along with attitudes and willingness to perform CPR after training, remains elusive. Thus, this study aimed to investigate factors influencing individuals’ retention of knowledge, attitude toward CPR, and willingness to perform on-site CPR following training.MethodsThis cross-sectional study targeted 190 participants from various regions of China who had undergone public CPR training. They completed a questionnaire via online survey between January and February 2024, following CPR training courses.ResultsOut of 190 distributed questionnaires, 186 were returned and deemed valid, yielding a response rate of 97.9%. Among the respondents, 110 (59.1%) and 76 (40.9%) were female and male, respectively. The correct response rate for CPR knowledge was merely 39.2%. Notably, the majority of respondents held a positive attitude towards performing CPR on-site, with 86.0% strongly agreeing that “timely administration of CPR can save many lives.” Regarding willingness to perform CPR on-site, 95.7% were willing to administer CPR to a family member, whereas only 58.6% were willing to perform CPR for strangers. Legal protection for first responders was cited by 84.4% of respondents as influencing their willingness to perform CPR on-site. According to univariate statistical analysis, factors such as having personal experience in performing CPR on-site, witnessing a cardiac arrest, frequency of CPR training attended in the past 12 months, and educational level significantly influenced (P<0.05) the mastery of CPR knowledge. Similarly, these factors, as well as having family members at high risk of cardiogenic sudden death, significantly affected the attitude towards performing CPR on-site (p<0.05).ConclusionsThe proficiency level in cardiopulmonary resuscitation knowledge remains suboptimal. Although most participants displayed a positive attitude towards performing CPR on-site, their willingness was limited and influenced by various factors. Therefore, organizations offering public CPR training are recommended to implement regular refresher courses, scenario-based simulations, and interactive discussions to mitigate apprehensions and enhance the willingness of trainees for intervention.
A standard scoring method for measuring white cast of mineral sunscreens and improving user compliance across diverse skin tones
Authors: Maldonado López Alexandra M. , Gallagher Emily , Curry Aiden , Sahloff Kylie Q. , da Silva Souza Ivan Domicio 
Published: February 2025

AbstractUsing broad-spectrum sunscreen is an effective practice for preventing skin cancers caused by ultraviolet (UV) radiation. Mineral sunscreens containing zinc oxide (ZnO) and titanium dioxide (TiO2) as physical UV filters are suitable for individuals with sensitive skin or allergies to chemical UV filters. Consumer compliance with sunscreen application depends largely on its cosmetic elegance, especially regarding white cast. Despite this, there is no official method to quantify white cast and help design sunscreens for diverse skin tones. To address this gap, we developed validated white cast scoring protocols that combine 1) subjective consumer feedback on formulations containing ZnO concentrations ranging from 0–30% with 2) objective L* measurements (whiteness) determined after sunscreen application. Our findings demonstrate a strong correlation between increasing ZnO percentages and higher L* values, resulting in a more visible white cast. White cast scores for the ZnO formulations were substantially consistent across both in vivo and in vitro methodologies, with higher ZnO concentrations producing unacceptable levels of white cast. This study provides a white cast scoring system as a quantitative tool for evaluating and refining mineral sunscreen formulations, contributing to the development of more cosmetically elegant sunscreens suitable for a wide range of skin tones.
The Proportional Treatment Effect: A Metric That Empowers and Connects
Authors: Wang Guoqiao , Liao Yijie , Li Caiyan , Jin Kun , Li Yan , Cutter Gary 
Published: February 2025

AbstractClinical trials with continuous endpoints, evaluate efficacy by comparing the difference in mean changes from baseline between groups. However, clinicians often interpret results in terms of a proportional reduction rather than an absolute difference. An alternative approach is to reparametrize this difference as a proportional treatment effect, calculated by dividing the difference by the placebo mean change. We demonstrate that, in theory, the proportional treatment effect can be more powerful than the simple difference in means while still controlling the type I error rate. This is achieved using the delta method as implemented in well-established computational tools like the R package ‘msm’ and the SAS procedure ‘NLMIXED’. By analyzing data from phase III trials, we illustrate how a proportional treatment effect connects treatment outcomes across various endpoints and different presentation formats. The availability of these well-established statistical tools for estimating proportional treatment effects, combined with this theoretical demonstration, suggests an alternative test statistic for clinical trials with continuous endpoints.
High-frequency gravitational waves detection with the BabyIAXO haloscopes
Authors: Reina-Valero José , Navarro-Madrid Jose R. , Blas Diego , Díaz-Morcillo Alejandro , Irastorza Igor García , Gimeno Benito , Monzó-Cabrera Juan 
Published: February 2025

We present the first analysis using RADES-BabyIAXO cavities as detectors of high-frequency gravitational waves (HFGWs). In particular, we discuss two configurations for distinct frequency ranges of HFGWs: cavity 1, mostly sensitive at a frequency range of 252.8–333.2 MHz, and cavity 2, at 2.504–3.402 GHz, which is a scaled down version of cavity 1. We find that cavity 1 will reach sensitivity to strains of the HFGWs of order h1∼10−21, while cavity 2 will reach h2∼10−20. These represent the best estimations of the RADES-BabyIAXO cavities as HFGW detectors, showing how this setup can produce groundbreaking results in axion physics and HFGWs simultaneously.

Published by the American Physical Society
2025
Chatbot research in the fields of business and information systems: a systematic review and bibliometric analysis
Authors: Li Zhenyan , Wu Chuanhui , Li Jiaxuan , Yuan Qinjian 
Published: February 2025

PurposeChatbots are increasingly embodied in business and IS contexts to enhance customer and user experience. Despite wide interest in chatbots among business and IS academics, surprisingly, there are no current comprehensive reviews to reveal the knowledge structure of chatbot research in such areas.Design/methodology/approachThis study employed a mixed-method approach that combines systematic review and bibliometric analysis to provide a comprehensive synthesis of chatbot research. The sample was obtained in December 2023 after searching across six databases: EBSCOhost, PsycINFO, Web of Science, Scopus, ACM Digital Library and IEEE Computer Society Digital Library.FindingsThis study reveals the major trend in publication trends, countries, article performance and cluster distribution of chatbot research. We also identify the key themes of chatbot research, which mainly focus on how users interact with chatbots and their consequences, such as users’ cognition and behavior. Moreover, several important research agendas have been discussed to address some limitations in the current chatbot research in business and IS fields.Originality/valueThe present review is one of the first attempts to systematically reveal the ongoing knowledge map of chatbots in business and IS fields, which makes important contributions and provides useful resources for future chatbot research and practice.
The role of relational antecedents in government and foreign public relationships
Authors: Ertem-Eray Tugce , Ki Eyun-Jung 
Published: February 2025

PurposeThis study aims to identify potential relational antecedents, the initial stage of the three-stage model of OPRs, in the public diplomacy context by focusing on a government organization and foreign public relationships.Design/methodology/approachThis study conducted in-depth interviews with Fulbright scholars and students from various countries to gain insights into the motivations underlying the initiation of relationships with the Bureau of Educational and Cultural Affairs (ECA) within the Fulbright program.FindingsThis study identified common expectations among foreign publics regarding their relationships with ECA within the Fulbright program. Moreover, this study reveals that the foreign publics are primarily motivated by their educational needs, laying the foundation for their emotional and financial requirements. These needs propel foreign publics to build relationships with government organizations. The fulfillment of these antecedents contributes to stronger government organizations and foreign public relationships, underscoring the importance of relational antecedents in theorizing about OPRs.Originality/valueThis study is one of the first empirical investigations to investigate the relational antecedents in the public diplomacy context.
Sustainability of employee ownership: the role of capital structure in ESOP plan terminations
Authors: Gonza Tej 
Published: February 2025

PurposeThe paper studies the relationship between central features of the capital structure and terminations of ESOP plans in the US.Design/methodology/approachThe research methodology is primarily based on reviewing the existing literature and includes elements of original comparative analysis.FindingsWe find that externally imposed repurchase obligation, the stochastic element to repurchase obligation and the discontinuous vesting of ICA shares undermines the sustainability of employee ownership in the Employee Stock Ownership Plan model.Research limitations/implicationsStrengthening employee-owned firm the structural architecture of employee-owned firms (EOF) can help to improve sustainability of the socially preferable alternative in the market economy.Practical implicationsIn light of the increasing global interest in employee ownership, our research underscores the need for institutional learning to adapt EOFs to contemporary economic environments.Social implicationsStrengthening employee-owned firm the structural architecture of employee-owned firms (EOF) can help to build the case for the socially preferrable business ownership model for the market economy.Originality/valueThis paper contributes to the employee ownership literature by providing understanding of the role of capital structure in the US ESOP model and terminations of ESOP plans and suggesting some novel ideas in addressing the challenges.
Foreign Inflows, Governance and Health Outcomes in Nigeria
Authors: Oyefusi Aderoju , Nnadozie Obianuju O. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTForeign financial inflows to Nigeria have risen in the last two decades. Currently, the country receives over one‐third of remittance flows to sub‐Saharan Africa and is one of Africa's top recipients of foreign aid with the health sector being a major target. Despite the substantial foreign inflows, health outcomes in Nigeria have not remarkably improved. This raises important questions about the effectiveness of foreign inflows in achieving better health outcomes in Nigeria. This article examines the effects of foreign inflows on health outcomes utilising different components of foreign inflows—aid and remittance. It also investigates the role of governance in the foreign inflows‐health outcomes nexus using time series data from Nigeria covering the period 1984–2021. Results from the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model suggest that health aid has a limited impact on health outcomes, while remittance has been ineffective in driving improvements in health outcomes. Other factors, such as growth in real income per person, reduction in the emission of pollutants, such as carbon dioxide and improvements in governance, appear to be critical for improving health outcomes in the country.
Influence of food availability on water and alcohol consumption in murine models
Authors: Emous Thaynnam Arcebispo , Eduardo Paula Mendonça Camargo , Melo Mariana Cardoso , Pichinin Letícia S. , Abrahao Karina Possa 
Published: February 2025

AbstractBackgroundAlcohol use disorder remains a global issue. Thus, understanding the factors that contribute to alcohol abuse, including how food availability can influence drinking behavior, is critical.MethodsFemale and male C57Bl/6 and Swiss mice underwent a two‐bottle choice Intermittent Overnight Drinking (IOD) protocol consisting of 12 sessions on alternate nights, three times per week, using lickometer devices. Mice had access to two bottles, containing either water or 10% ethanol, for 16 hours, starting 2 hours before the dark cycle. Animals were initially assigned to two groups: one with access to water, ethanol, and standard rodent chow (FOOD group), and another with access only to water and ethanol (NFOOD group). After six sessions, half of the mice in the second group were reassigned to a new group with delayed access to chow (NFOOD‐FOOD group).ResultsFood availability led to increased drinking, but the modulation was liquid dependent for each strain. The presence of food primarily increased ethanol intake in C57Bl/6 mice, while it enhanced water intake in Swiss mice. Microstructure analysis revealed that food heightened ethanol licks in C57Bl/6 mice, whereas it elevated water licks in Swiss mice, without altering numbers of bouts. Additionally, overnight analysis showed that C57Bl/6 mice with access to food had a peak in ethanol licks between 20:00 and 22:00, while Swiss mice exhibited an increase in water licks starting at 20:00 to 2:00, highlighting a strain‐specific response to the dark cycle.ConclusionsThis study provides normative data on the temporal patterns of water and ethanol consumption in C57Bl/6 and Swiss female and male mice, contributing valuable insights to the field of voluntary drinking behaviors in murine models.
Unobserved Individual and Population Level Impacts of Fishing Gear Entanglements on North Atlantic Right Whales
Authors: Crum Nathan J. , Gowan Timothy A. , Hostetler Jeffrey A. , Schick Robert S. , Knowlton Amy R. , Pettis Heather M. , Hamilton Philip K. , Rolland Rosalind M. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTFishing gear entanglements can compromise health and lower survival and reproductive output of wildlife, which can slow population growth or cause population declines. However, entanglements may go unobserved, making it difficult to quantify their effects on individuals' vital rates and a population's trajectory. Fishing gear entanglements are a leading cause of death for North Atlantic right whales, Eubalaena glacialis, an endangered species whose population has declined substantially over the last decade. Key sources of observation error have not been addressed when quantifying the effects of entanglement on this species. We formulated a hidden Markov model that integrated 28 years of photo identification records, visual health assessments, entanglement assessments, and hormone assays to estimate body condition dynamics, and entanglement, survival, and reproductive rates of female North Atlantic right whales. The model also accounted for observation errors, including entanglements and reproductive events that were unobserved. Whales entangled in fishing gear were drastically more likely to experience declines in body condition and had lower survival rates than whales that were not entangled. Additionally, only whales in good body condition became pregnant. Between 1994 and 2021 entanglements reduced the expected number of calves born by 12.9% (95% credible interval: 8.2%–19.6%) and the expected number of females alive at the end of 2021 by 18.5% (95% credible interval: 8.6%–29.4%). Fishing gear entanglements have reduced the North Atlantic right whale population's capacity to recover and have increased the importance of the health and survival of the remaining living whales. Therefore, reducing the risk of fishing gear entanglements is likely necessary for the population to recover.