bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of Traditional Risk Factors, Angiographic Findings, and In‐Hospital Mortality between Smoking and Nonsmoking Turkish Men and Women With Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Aygul Nazif , Ozdemir Kurtulus , Abaci Adnan , Aygul Meryem Ulku , Duzenli Mehmet Akif , Yazici Huseyin Ugur , Ozdogru Ibrahim , Karakaya Ekrem 
Published: May 2010

AbstractBackgroundThe prevalence of smoking is high in Turkey. However, there are no data available evaluating the differences between smokers and nonsmokers according to their sex in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in Turkey.HypothesisThe aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of smoking and its relationship to age, localization, and extension of coronary heart disease (CHD), and other risk factors in Turkish men and women with first AMI.MethodsThis study included, 1502 patients with first AMI from 3 different cities in Turkey. The baseline characteristics and traditional risk factors for CHD, Coronary angiographic results, and in‐hospital outcome were recorded.ResultsThe proportion of male smokers was significantly higher than that of women (68% vs 18%, P < 0.001). Smokers were younger by almost a decade than nonsmokers (P < 0.001). Male nonsmokers were younger than females; however, the mean age of first AMI was similar in male and female smokers. In both genders, prevalence of hypertension and diabetes mellitus was significantly lower in smokers than in nonsmokers (P < 0.001). Smokers had less multivessel disease and less comorbidity as compared to nonsmokers. Although the in‐hospital mortality rate was lower in smokers, smoking status was not an independent predictor of mortality.ConclusionsSmoking, by decreasing the age of first AMI in women, offsets the age difference in first AMI between men and women. The mean age of first AMI is lower in Turkey than most European countries due to a high percentage of smoking. Copyright © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Mechanism and Clinical Significance of the Prothrombotic State in Patients With Essential Hypertension
Authors: Yang Ping , Liu Ya‐Fen , Yang Li , Wei Qun , Zeng Hong 
Published: May 2010

AbstractBackgroundThrombotic, rather than hemorrhagic, events represent a major complication of hypertension. This study aims to explore the mechanism of the hypercoagulative state in hypertension and to assess its clinical significance.HypothesisThe hypercoagulative state and even the prothrombotic state exists in patients with hypertension. This may be attributed to an impairment of the endothelium.MethodsA total of 81 patients suffering from essential hypertension were classified into 3 groups (grade 1: n = 27; grade 2: n = 36; grade 3: n = 18) and an additional 28 nonhypertensive patients were used as the control group. This study determined the changes of platelet activation marker P‐selectin (CD62P), plasma fibrinogen, plasminogen activitor inhibitor‐1 (PAI‐1), and endothelium function.ResultsThe percentage of CD62P+ platelets and the concentration of plasma fibrinogen and PAI‐1 in the hypertension group was significantly higher than those in the control group. These increments coincided with the elevation of blood pressure. A significant difference was found between any of the 2 hypertension subgroups in the percentages of CD62P+ platelets (P < 0.001) and the concentration of PAI‐I (P < 0.05). No difference was noted between the hypertension grade 1 and 2 groups in the concentration of plasma fibrinogen (P = 0.079); however, a significant difference was found between any of the other 2 subgroups (P < 0.001). Flow‐mediated dilation (FMD) in the hypertension group was significantly lower than that in the control group.ConclusionsThe hypercoagulative state exists in patients with hypertension and this state was more obvious with the elevation of blood pressure and coincided with an impairment in the degree of endothelium‐dependent vasodilation. Copyright © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Clinostatic Hypertension and Orthostatic Hypotension
Authors: Lagi Alfonso , Spini Simona 
Published: May 2010

AbstractBackgroundThe association of clinostatic hypertension (CH) and orthostatic hypotension (OH) is described as the “Hyp‐Hyp phenomenon,” and it has been found in about 5.5% of hypertensive patients and in up to 50% of patients with OH. The importance of CH/OH in clinical practice is mainly due to the presence of troublesome symptoms, end‐organ damage, and difficulties in its clinical management.HypothesisThe review focuses on the clinical problem of CH and review the international literature for the best management, including the diagnostic work‐up and the taylored treatment for this kind of patients.MethodsA systematic review of the literature was conducted through MEDLINE research to focus the main controversial issues about CH/OH. Included topics: (1) the diagnostic work‐up, (2) the association with dysautonomic failure and syncope, and (3) the treatment options and prevention of end‐organ damage.ResultsCurrent standard reference for OH diagnosis includes functional assessment of the cardiac vagal nervous system and the sympathetic adrenergic system. The association with dysautonomic failure and with syncope needs further investigation. Pharmacologic treatment of OH is aimed at controlling symptoms rather than restoring normotension. Midodrine is the only medication that has been put to multicenter placebo‐controlled trial and subsequently approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for OH treatment. Short‐acting oral antihypertensive agents at bedtime should be considered in patients with severe, sustained CH.ConclusionsData obtained from the literature review showed that clinical diagnosis of the Hyp‐Hyp phenomenon is relatively simple, but it remains more difficult to establish the causal disease. In our opinion, it is advisable to define simple diagnostic standards for the selection of patients at risk of dysautonomic impairment so that a subsequent highly specific diagnostic work‐up could be initiated. Copyright © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Positron Emission Tomography Combined With Computed Tomography as an Integral Component in Evaluation of Primary Cardiac Lymphoma
Authors: Lee Joseph C. , Platts David G. , Huang Yi‐Tung T. , Slaughter Richard E. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractWe present a case of primary cardiac lymphoma (PCL) that was initially manifest through syncopal episodes. In the diagnostic evaluation, positron emission tomography combined with computed tomography (PET‐CT) made a significant contribution—beyond that which would have been possible if only conventional imaging modalities such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) were utilized—and played a major role in follow‐up. Copyright © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Cardiac Epithelioid Leiomyosarcoma and the Role of Cardiac Imaging in the Differentiation of Intracardiac Masses
Authors: Jellis Christine , Doyle Joseph , Sutherland Tom , Gutman Jack , MacIsaac Andrew 
Published: May 2010

AbstractPrimary malignant cardiac neoplasms are extremely rare and can be difficult to differentiate from other intracardiac masses. We present a case of left atrial epithelioid leiomyosarcoma and review the imaging modalities available to diagnose and characterize intracardiac masses. We demonstrate how multimodal imaging aided diagnosis and proved crucial to establishing the tumor's location, degree of invasion, and involvement of surrounding structures prior to surgical resection. Copyright © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Asymptomatic Giant Left Atrium
Authors: Funk Michael , Perez Margarita , Santana Orlando 
Published: May 2010

AbstractGiant left atria (GLA) is a condition where the left atrial diameter exceeds 65 mm.1 It is closely related to rheumatic mitral valve regurgitation or mixed mitral disease with predominant regurgitation and tends not to occur in patients with mitral regurgitation due to other causes.2 The majority of patients are symptomatic with the most common symptoms being that of shortness of breath, dysphagia, palpitations, chest pain, and thromboembolic events.3 Massive asymptomatic enlargement of the left atrium is a rare entity. We present such a case. Copyright © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Effects of Stem Cell Therapy on Left Ventricular Remodeling After Acute Myocardial Infarction: A Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Sun Lan , Zhang Tiantai , Lan Xi , Du Guanhua 
Published: May 2010

AbstractObjectivesThe objective was to perform a meta‐analysis of clinical trials that investigated the effects of stem cell therapy on left ventricular remodeling in patients after acute myocardial infarction (AMI).BackgroundIntracoronary injection of stem cells in the acute phase of myocardial infarction has been proposed to replace the cardiomyocytes lost and to prevent deleterious pathological remodeling after myocardial infarction. Previously published trials have investigated the effects of cell therapy on left ventricular (LV) remodeling in AMI patients. However, the sample size of these studies is small and the conclusions are inconsistent.MethodsTrials were identified in the Cochrane Library, EMBASE, and PubMed databases, reviews, and reference lists of relevant articles. The weighted mean difference (WMD) was calculated for net changes in LV end‐diastolic and end‐systolic volumes (LVEDV and LVESV) by using fixed‐effect models.ResultsA total of 11 trials (13 comparisons) with 832 participants evaluated the association between stem cell therapy and changes in LVEDV. Compared with the control group, stem cell therapy did not influence the LVEDV changes from baseline to follow‐up (WMD: − 1.76 mL, 95% confidence interval [CI]: − 4.61 to 1.08 mL, P = 0.233). A total of 9 trials (11 comparisons) with 797 participants evaluated the association between stem cell therapy and changes in LVESV. Compared with the control group, patients in the cell therapy group had a significantly greater reduction in LVESV from baseline to follow‐up (WMD: − 5.08 mL, 95% CI: − 7.80 to − 2.37 mL, P < 0.001).ConclusionThis meta‐analysis suggests that cell therapy improves left ventricular contractility, but has no effect on LV remodeling. Copyright © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The Role of Fluorine Substitution in Biphenyl Methylene Imidazole‐Type CYP17 Inhibitors for the Treatment of Prostate Carcinoma
Authors: Hu Qingzhong , Negri Matthias , Olgen Sureyya , Hartmann Rolf W. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractIt has been established that the growth of most prostate carcinomas depends on androgen stimulation. The inhibition of cytochrome P450‐17 (CYP17) to block androgen biosynthesis is therefore regarded as a promising approach to therapy. Based on our previously identified lead compound Ref 1, a series of fluorine‐substituted biphenyl methylene imidazoles were designed, synthesized, and evaluated as CYP17 inhibitors to elucidate the influence of fluorine on in vitro and in vivo activity. It was found that meta‐fluoro substitution at the C ring improved activity, whereas ortho substitution decreased potency. Docking studies performed with our human CYP17 homology model suggest the presence of multipolar interactions between fluorine and Arg109, Lys231, His235, and Glu305. As expected, introduction of fluorine also prolonged the half‐life in plasma. The SARs obtained confirm the reliability of the protein model; compound 9 (IC50=131 nM) was identified as a strong CYP17 inhibitor, showing potent activity in rat, high bioavailability, and a long plasma half‐life: 12.8 h.
Energy efficient and QoS aware medium access control for wireless sensor networks
Authors: Yahya B. , Ben‐Othman J. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractEnabling quality of service (QoS) applications over battery‐constrained wireless sensor networks (WSNs) poses significant challenges, because of the special characteristics of such networks. Developing real‐time applications for WSNs necessitates the development of new communication protocols capable of achieving application‐specific QoS and at the same time save energy. In this paper, we continue our previous work on developing and improving our EQ‐MAC protocol, which is designed specifically for WSNs to reduce energy consumption and provides QoS guarantees through the use of the service differentiation concept. The proposed protocol consists of two subprotocols: Classifier MAC (C‐MAC) and Channel Access MAC (CA‐MAC). C‐MAC is responsible of classifying gathered data at sensor nodes based on its importance. The CA‐MAC is an energy conserving medium access mechanism which uses a hybrid scheduling technique. CA‐MAC saves energy by differentiating between control and data messages. Data messages are assigned scheduled slots with no contention (here we have to emphasize that slots are assigned only to those nodes that have data to send, this allows an efficient energy use of the Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) slots), whereas short periodic control messages are assigned random access slots. To study the performance of the EQ‐MAC protocol, we have conducted several simulation experiments on Network Simulator (NS‐2) to evaluate and compare the performance of our protocol against S‐MAC and Q‐MAC protocols. Simulation results demonstrate that EQ‐MAC outperforms the other two protocols and achieves a significant improvement in terms of the energy expenditure and delivery ratio. Under prioritized traffic, EQ‐MAC is comparable to Q‐MAC in average latency, while achieving less energy consumption. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A Mean Value Analysis approach to transaction performance evaluation of multi‐server systems
Authors: Cavendish D. , Koide H. , Oie Y. , Gerla M. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractIn this paper, we introduce a Mean Value Analysis (MVA)‐based methodology for the performance evaluation of transactions executed in a multi‐server distributed system. We first present probabilistic arguments to investigate under which conditions MVA models provide worst‐case response times, without large overshoots. Then, we show how to characterize the distributed server system so as to construct a model to predict response times as well as to estimate system capacity. Finally, we exemplify the methodology usage via transactions implemented in two distributed Linux systems. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Photocatalytic Oxidation of Phenolic Compounds by Using a Carbon Nanotube‐Titanium Dioxide Composite Catalyst
Authors: Silva Cláudia Gomes , Faria Joaquim Luís 
Published: May 2010

AbstractA nanostructured multiwalled carbon nanotube (CNT) and titanium dioxide composite catalyst is prepared by a modified acid‐catalyzed sol–gel method. Pure anatase TiO2 and the CNT‐TiO2 composite are tested in the photocatalytic degradation of four para‐substituted phenols: 4‐chlorophenol, 4‐aminophenol, 4‐hydroxybenzoic acid and 4‐nitrophenol. The effect of several operational parameters on the photoefficiency of the composite catalyst is studied by using 4‐chlorophenol as model compound, namely catalyst loading, pH of the medium, hydrogen peroxide concentration, substrate concentration. A relationship between the Hammett constant of each para‐substituted phenolic compound and its degradability by the photocatalysts is found. The effect of the carbon phase in the catalyst is ascribed to its photosensitizer action. A clear beneficial effect is observed for the degradation of 4‐aminophenol and 4‐chlorophenol. For the molecules with stronger electron‐withdrawing (deactivating) groups, such as 4‐hydroxybenzoic acid and 4‐nitrophenol, no synergy effect is observed.
One‐Step Catalytic Transformation of Carbohydrates and Cellulosic Biomass to 2,5‐Dimethyltetrahydrofuran for Liquid Fuels
Authors: Yang Weiran , Sen Ayusman 
Published: May 2010

AbstractExisting technologies to produce liquid fuels from biomass are typically energy‐intensive, multistep processes. Many of these processes use edible biomass as starting material. Carbohydrates, such as mono‐ and polysaccharides and cellulose, typically constitute 50–80 % of plant biomass. Herein, we report that hexose from a wide range of biomass‐derived carbohydrates, cellulose, and even raw lignocellulose (e.g., corn stover) can be converted into 2,5‐dimethyltetrahydrofuran (DMTHF) in one step, in good yields and under mild conditions in water. Under the same conditions, 2‐methyltetrahydrofuran is formed from pentose. The reaction employs a soluble rhodium catalyst, dihydrogen, and HI/HCl+NaI. The catalytic system is robust and can be recycled repeatedly without loss of activity. DMTHF is superior to ethanol and has many of the desirable properties currently found in typical petroleum‐derived transportation fuels.
Self‐Assembly of Palladium Nanoparticles on Periodic Mesoporous Organosilica Using an In Situ Reduction Approach: Catalysts for Ullmann Reactions in Water
Authors: Zhang Fang , Yin Jiewei , Chai Wei , Li HeXing 
Published: May 2010

AbstractA SiH functionalized phenyl‐bridged periodic mesoporous organosilica [H‐PMO(Ph)] is synthesized via a surfactant‐directed assembly approach. Pd nanoparticles are then immobilized onto the PMO catalyst [Pd/H‐PMO(Ph)] by a SiH in situ reduction method. The Ullmann reaction, in water as medium, is used to investigate the catalytic performance of Pd/H‐PMO(Ph). The results show that the Pd/H‐PMO(Ph) catalyst has excellent catalytic activity and selectivity, which can be attributed to synergetic effects derived from the highly dispersed catalytic species and the hydrophobic microenvironments. Furthermore, the catalyst could be conveniently recovered and recycled five times without significant loss of activity and selectivity.
Good cell, bad cell: Flow cytometry reveals T‐cell subsets important in HIV disease
Authors: Chattopadhyay Pratip K. , Roederer Mario 
Published: May 2010

AbstractFlow cytometry is a key technology in the study of HIV disease. In this article, we review various cellular markers that can be measured in the setting of pathogenesis or vaccination studies, including markers of activation, differentiation, senescence, immune suppression, and function. In addition, we discuss important considerations for making these measurements. Finally, we examine how flow cytometry studies have taught researchers about the disease process, and the potential for flow cytometry technology to guide treatment decisions and evaluate vaccine candidates in the future. Published 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Localization of CD44 and CD90 positive cells to the invasive front of breast tumors
Authors: Donnenberg Vera S. , Donnenberg Albert D. , Zimmerlin Ludovic , Landreneau Rodney J. , Bhargava Rohit , Wetzel Ryan A. , Basse Per , Brufsky Adam M. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractBackground:A variety of markers have been proposed to identify breast cancer stem cells. Here, we used immunohistostaining and flow cytometry to analyze their interrelationships and to sort cells for tumorigenicity studies.Methods:Cytokeratin, CD44, and CD90 were localized to primary breast cancer and normal breast (NB) tissue by immunohistostaining and related to CD117 and CD133 expression by flow cytometry. Immunodeficient NOD.CB17‐Prkdcscid/J and NOD.Cg‐Prkdcscid Il2rgtm1Wjl/SzJ mice were used to test tumorigenicity of sorted CD90+ low‐light scatter, CD90+ high‐light scatter, and CD90neg tumor cells.Results:NB basal cells coexpressed CD44 and CD90. As cells transited luminally, CD44 was retained and downmodulated, and CD90 was lost and cytokeratin increased. In breast tumors, basal‐like CD44+/CD90+ cells were localized to the tumor periphery, adjacent to CD90+ stroma. Like normal luminal cells, interior tumor cells were CD44+/CD90−. Immunophenotyping (CD44/CD90/CD117/CD133) of cytokeratin+ cells revealed no significant difference in expression between tumors and tumor‐free breast. In both, CD133 was distributed approximately equally among CD44/CD90 subsets, whereas CD117 expression was highest in the basal‐associated CD44+/CD90+ subset. Sorted CD90+ pleural effusion cells with lymphoid light scatter, 49% of which were CD44+, were uniquely tumorigenic in immunodeficient mice (100 cells/injection).Conclusions:Our data demonstrate that all tumors contain a small population of CD44+/CD90+ cells, mimicking the phenotype of ductal‐basal cells. These are localized to the tumor periphery, adjacent to CD90+ stroma. Among the nonhematopoietic, nonmesothelial cells found in metastatic pleural effusions, low‐light scatter CD90+ cells are most potently tumorigenic, compared to high‐scatter CD90+ cells and CD90− cells. © 2010 International Clinical Cytometry Society
Structural and Magnetic Studies of New NiII–LnIII Complexes
Authors: Costes Jean‐Pierre , Vendier Laure 
Published: May 2010

AbstractThe synthesis, structure determination and magnetic studies of dinuclear NiII–LnIII complexes (Ln = Y, La, Pr, Gd) involving ortho‐vanillin as the main ligand are described. Structural studies demonstrate that two types of complexes can be obtained with hexacoordinate Ni ions in slightly deformed octahedral environments and nine‐ or ten‐coordinate lanthanide ions. The Ni and Gd ions are linked by two phenoxo bridges in one complex and two phenoxo bridges and one nitrato bridge in the other. A ferromagnetic interaction operates in the Ni–Gd complex, with a D zero field splitting term for the nickel ion, as in the Ni–La and Ni–Y complexes where these D terms are the only active magnetic terms. Among the factors responsible for the different structures are ionic radii of the Ln ions, solvent and configuration change of the starting nickel complex; the role of solvent seems to be preponderant. The weak value of the ferromagnetic Ni–Gd interaction can be explained by the flexibility and the departure from planarity of the two independent ortho‐vanillin ligands.
Synthesis and Reactivity of an Unusual Ferrocenophane Bis(carbene complex)
Authors: Helten Holger , Beckmann Manuela , Schnakenburg Gregor , Streubel Rainer 
Published: May 2010

AbstractSelective macrocyclization of 1,1′‐ferrocenediylbis(aminocarbene complex) 1 was achieved by its reaction with chloro(methylene)phosphane 2 and triethylamine at ambient temperature, thus yielding the novel diaminophosphane‐bridged [5]ferrocenophane bis(carbene complex) 3. This trimetallic species, which combines the structural features of both ferrocenophane and Fischer carbene complex functional groups, is prone to undergo facile ring opening under mild conditions with formation of bis(2H‐azaphosphirene complexes) 6a,b and 2,3‐dihydro‐1,2,3‐azadiphosphete complex 7. The single‐crystal X‐ray structures of 3 and 7 as well as the reaction courses are discussed.
Light Switches the Ligand! Photochromic Azobenzene–Phosphanes (Eur. J. Inorg. Chem. 14/2010)
Authors: Segarra‐Maset Maria Dolores , van Leeuwen Piet W. N. M. , Freixa Zoraida 
Published: May 2010

AbstractThe cover picture shows the light‐induced isomerization of (E,E,E)‐tris(azobenzene)?phosphane to the (Z,E,E), (Z,Z,E) and (Z,Z,Z) conformers. This photo‐triggered skeletal change has been illustrated by the natural umbrella‐like shape and movements of jellyfish. Details of the synthesis and switchability of this type of ligands and their platinum complexes are discussed in the Short Communication by Z. Freixa et al. on p. 2075 ff.
Diastereoselective Aza‐Baylis–Hillman Reactions: Synthesis of Chiral α‐Allenylamines and 2‐Azetines from Allenic Esters
Authors: Santos Bruna S. , Cardoso Ana L. , Matos Beja Ana , Ramos Silva Manuela , Paixão José A. , Palacios Francisco , Pinho e Melo Teresa M. V. D. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractThe reactivity of allenic esters towards activated N‐sulfonylimines in the presence of DABCO was explored. A formal [2+2] cycloaddition of benzyl buta‐2,3‐dienoate and N‐arylidenebenzenesulfonamides yielded mainly 2‐methyleneazetidines. Interestingly, a DABCO‐catalysed reaction of 2,3‐allenoates, bearing a chiral auxiliary on the ester moiety, with N‐arylidenebenzenesulfonamides led to optically active aza‐Baylis–Hillman products and 2‐azetine derivatives.