bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Necessity of immediate cardiopulmonary resuscitation in trauma emergency
Authors: Luciano Baitello Andre , Marcela Gonzáles Ferreira , Cesar Espada Paulo , de Godoy JoséMaria Pereira 
Published: August 2010

Abstract
The ability to respond quickly and effectively to a cardiac arrest situation rests on nurses being competent in the emergency life-saving procedure of cardiopulmonary resuscitation. The objective of the current study was to evaluate the types of trauma and survival of patients that require immediate cardiopulmonary resuscitation in trauma emergencies. A total of 13301 patients treated as accident victims between July 2004 and December 2006 were evaluated in a prospective study. Patients requiring immediate cardiopulmonary resuscitation at admission were identified. The type of injury and the survival of these patients were evaluated.
Of the 65 patients included in the study, 30% had suffered from gunshot wounds, 19% had been run over, 18% had been involved in car crashes, 13% in motor cycle accidents, 9% stabbings, 1% by cycle accidents and 10% other types of accidents including burns, hangings and falls. In only 12 of these patients, immediate resuscitation was successful and procedure such as chest drainage, exploratory laparotomy and interventions in the surgical center were performed. However all patients evolved to death; eight within 24 hours, two between 24 and 48 hours and the other 2 after 48 hours.
Immediate cardiopulmonary resuscitation after accidents is a sign of high mortality requiring further studies to review indication and the ethical aspects involved.
Coronary artery bypass surgery in a patient with Kartagener syndrome: a case report and literature review
Authors: Bougioukas Ioannis , Mikroulis Dimitrios , Danner Bernhard , Lawal Lukman , Eleftheriadis Savvas , Bougioukas George , Didilis Vassilios 
Published: August 2010

Abstract
Kartagener syndrome consists of congenital bronchiectasis, sinusitis, and total situs inversus in half of the patients. A patient diagnosed with Kartagener syndrome was reffered to our department due to 3-vessel coronary disease. An off-pump coronary artery bypass operation was performed using both internal thoracic arteries and a saphenous vein graft. We performed a literature review for cases with Kartagener syndrome, coronary surgery and dextrocardia. Although a few cases of dextrocardia were found in the literature, no case of Kartagener syndrome was mentioned.
Model-based extension of high-throughput to high-content data
Authors: Pfeifer Andrea C , Kaschek Daniel , Bachmann Julie , Klingmüller Ursula , Timmer Jens 
Published: August 2010

Abstract

Background
High-quality quantitative data is a major limitation in systems biology. The experimental data used in systems biology can be assigned to one of the following categories: assays yielding average data of a cell population, high-content single cell measurements and high-throughput techniques generating single cell data for large cell populations. For modeling purposes, a combination of data from different categories is highly desirable in order to increase the number of observable species and processes and thereby maximize the identifiability of parameters.

Results
In this article we present a method that combines the power of high-content single cell measurements with the efficiency of high-throughput techniques. A calibration on the basis of identical cell populations measured by both approaches connects the two techniques. We develop a mathematical model to relate quantities exclusively observable by high-content single cell techniques to those measurable with high-content as well as high-throughput methods. The latter are defined as free variables, while the variables measurable with only one technique are described in dependence of those. It is the combination of data calibration and model into a single method that makes it possible to determine quantities only accessible by single cell assays but using high-throughput techniques. As an example, we apply our approach to the nucleocytoplasmic transport of STAT5B in eukaryotic cells.

Conclusions
The presented procedure can be generally applied to systems that allow for dividing observables into sets of free quantities, which are easily measurable, and variables dependent on those. Hence, it extends the information content of high-throughput methods by incorporating data from high-content measurements.
Review of Alzheimer's disease scales: is there a need for a new multi-domain scale for therapy evaluation in medical practice?
Authors: Robert Philippe , Ferris Steven , Gauthier Serge , Ihl Ralf , Winblad Bengt , Tennigkeit Frank 
Published: August 2010

Abstract
Introduction
The present review of Alzheimer's disease (AD) rating scales aims to outline the need for a new rating scale to be used in routine clinical practice for long-term medical care of AD patients. An ideal scale would be: 1) practical, easy and quick to administer for an experienced clinician; 2) validated for AD; 3) multi-domain: covering the AD-relevant areas of cognition, activities of daily living, behavior, communication/social interaction, and quality of life; 4) applicable to all AD severity stages; 5) able to monitor disease progression; and 6) sensitive to measure therapy effects.

Methods
The National Library of Medicines' MEDLINE database was searched for the years 1981 to September 2008, using a set of keywords aiming to select instruments which cover at least some of the requirements for an ideal practical AD scale for therapy evaluation. Measures for AD staging and screening tests were not considered for review.

Results
Of 1,902 articles resulting from the literature search, 68 relevant AD scales were identified. Most of them were scales that predominantly measure the severity of major dysfunctions in particular AD domains. Only five scales met some of the requirements for a practical multi-domain AD scale, but did not possess all required characteristics.

Conclusions
Despite the multitude of AD scales for various purposes, there remains a need for a new multi-domain and easy to administer AD scale for assessment of disease progression and response to therapy in daily medical practice.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging as a Predictor of Response to Somatostatin Analogs in Acromegaly after Surgical Failure
Authors: Puig-Domingo Manel , Resmini Eugenia , Gomez-Anson Beatriz , Nicolau Joana , Mora Mireia , Palomera Elisabet , Martí Camelia , Halperin Irene , Webb Susan M. 
Published: August 2010

Context: Transsphenoidal surgery is considered first-line therapy for acromegaly; however, there is often a need for adjunctive therapy. Somatostatin analogs (SSA) have greatly improved the effectiveness of medical treatment, but one third of patients are resistant.
Objective: The aim was to evaluate whether magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) signal could predict long-term response to SSA in patients with active acromegaly after neurosurgery.
Patients and Methods: Sixty-two patients who were active acromegalic after surgery were included in this retrospective study. Remaining pituitary tumor was classified as hyper-, iso-, or hypointense by evaluating T2-weighted MRI signal. Treatment with SSA at maximal effective doses was prescribed and evaluated at 6 and 12 months by monitoring IGF-I, GH, and T2 MRI.
Results: Complete response to SSA treatment (defined as normal IGF-I) at 6 months was observed in 30%, partial response (defined as IGF-I between 2 and 3 sd score) in 15%, and no response in 55% of patients. At 12 months, 28, 20, and 52% were observed, respectively. MRI signal was hypointense in 40%, hyperintense in 48%, and isointense in 12%. At 6 months, complete response to SSA was observed in 71% of cases having hypointense MRI signal and in 20% of hyperintense (P = 0.04). At 12 months, 62% of hypointense remained well controlled, whereas in the hyperintense group, good, partial, or no response results did not change from that observed at 6 months (P = 0.04).
Conclusion: In active acromegalic patients after surgery, a hypointense T2-weighted MRI signal is associated with a better response to SSA treatment at 6 and 12 months.
Report on the International ICF Consensus Conference on the ICF Core Sets for Hand Conditions
Authors: Rudolf Klaus-Dieter , Kus Sandra , Coenen Michaela , Dereskewitz Caroline , van de Ven-Stevens Lucelle A W , Cieza Alarcos 
Published: August 2010

Objective The aim of the conference was to derive the Brief and the Comprehensive International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) Core Set for Hand Conditions from the subset of ICF categories selected on the basis of the preparatory phase research. Methods Following a multistage decision process, the experts agreed on the ICF categories to be included in the ICF Core Sets for Hand Conditions. The development of the ICF Core Sets for Hand Conditions involved a formal decision-making and consensus process, integrating evidence gathered from preparatory studies including a qualitative study, a systematic literature review, an expert survey and an empirical multicentre study. Results Twenty-three experts selected a total of 117 categories for the Comprehensive Core Set and 23 categories for the Brief Core Set. The largest number of categories was selected from the ICF component ‘Activities and Participation’. Conclusion The ICF Core Sets for Hand Conditions serve a clinical framework to comprehensively assess patients in acute care hospitals and early postacute rehabilitation facilities. The first versions of the ICF Core Sets will be further tested and validated through empirical studies.
A qualitative investigation into the rehabilitation experience of patients following wrist fracture
Authors: Bamford Rachael , Walker Dawn-Marie 
Published: August 2010

Introduction Fractures of the wrist are often highly traumatic, leading to significant pain and reduction in an individual's home, work and leisure roles for a considerable time. Among the studies on wrist fracture, there is limited evidence which qualitatively explores the patient's rehabilitation experiences of this condition, and the impact they feel it has on their daily lives. The aim of this study was therefore to explore the experiences of working age people with dominant side wrist fracture in terms of the impact on their lives from the resulting loss of hand function, and the role that hand therapy plays in the rehabilitation process. Method Using a qualitative approach, semistructured interviews were carried out with six participants who were current or previous patients of an outpatient occupational therapy department and who had sustained wrist fracture. Three key themes equated to the impact the fracture had on their lives: ‘functional ability’, ‘attitudes and expectations of self and others’ and ‘assessment and treatment in occupational therapy’. Results The main findings showed that the impact of reduced ability evoked negative reactions and dependence on others. Lack of information on application and removal of plaster cast contributed towards early anxieties about the appearance and function of the hand. Patients' attitudes generally reflected taking some responsibility for their own progress. Occupational therapy input increased motivation, and particularly for those who attended rehabilitation sessions in the department, the therapy was valued. Discussion The recommendations from this study are that early and continued patient education is provided by the therapist, engaging relatives where appropriate, to alleviate patient and family anxieties and to help determine realistic expectations of recovery. While patients generally engage with objective measurements, making assessment and treatment relevant to their activities of daily living is essential to ensure they are motivated for therapy.
Validity, responsiveness and reliability of the Patient-Rated Tennis Elbow Evaluation
Authors: Chung Bryan , Wiley J Preston 
Published: August 2010

Introduction Lateral epicondylitis (LE) is a common, often chronic injury that affects a person's ability to grip and perform manual tasks including activities of daily living and leisure. Treatment of LE is controversial; however, there have been no standardized tools with which to measure outcomes in trials investigating new or existing therapies for LE. The Patient-Rated Tennis Elbow Evaluation (PRTEE) was designed to fill this gap, but has not yet been validated to the same standard as other, similarly developed tools. Methods Sixty subjects with LE who participated in a double-blind randomized controlled trial were measured with respect to the PRTEE, ‘overall pain’, ‘resting pain’, ‘pain during sleep’, ‘pain at its worst’ and ‘pain at its least’, and quality of life. All tools were administered at baseline, four and eight weeks. Results The PRTEE showed poor item-specific validity with measures of similar constructs. The intraclass correlation coefficient for test–retest reliability over four weeks was 0.76. The mean PRTEE differences between the group that experienced clinical significant change and the group that experienced virtually no change were significantly different from one another ( t = −2.96, df = 30, P = 0.006). Discussion The PRTEE shows questionable discriminant ability due to its moderate test–retest reliability and possibly due to low convergent validity with other measures of similar constructs. The PRTEE appears to be sensitive to change, but the margin of difference between a clinically relevant change and ‘no change’ is very small.
Finger circumference measurements: inter- and intra-rater reliability
Authors: Lewis Erika S 
Published: August 2010

Background Finger oedema can occur for a variety of reasons, including traumatic injuries to the fingers and as a consequence of stroke or diabetes. The purpose of this study was to determine the intra- and inter-rater reliability for finger circumference measurements. Methods Eight hand therapists assessed the middle finger circumference of 11 healthy adults using the Richardson Products finger circumference device for three trials over two testing days. Intraclass reliability analysis and analysis of variance were used to assess the consistency and stability of measures. Level of significance was set at P ≤ 0.05. Results Significant differences ( P < 0.001) were found between raters for circumference measurements with a range difference of 0.5 cm. Intrarater reliability was 0.98–0.99 (single measure intraclass coefficient). Inter-rater reliability coefficients ranged from 0.94 to 0.95. Conclusions These results provide clinicians with evidence for using a specific finger circumference device and issues associated with various therapists assessing finger circumference. A device with a way of assessing tension at the end of the tape measure or cloth pulled around the finger is warranted.
New Models of Self-Management Education for Minority Ethnic Groups: Pilot Randomized Trial of a Story-Sharing Intervention
Authors: Greenhalgh Trisha , Campbell-Richards Desirée , Vijayaraghavan Shanti , Collard Anna , Malik Farida , Griffin Mark , Morris Joanne , Claydon Anne , Macfarlane Fraser 
Published: August 2010

Objective No model of self-management education or peer support has yet achieved widespread reach and acceptability with minority ethnic groups. We sought to refine and test a new complex intervention in diabetes education: informal story-sharing groups facilitated by bilingual health advocates. Methods Pilot randomized trial with in-depth process evaluation in a socioeconomically deprived area. 157 people referred for diabetes education were randomized by concealed allocation to an intervention (storysharing group in their own language) or control (‘usual care’ self-management education, through an interpreter if necessary) arm. Story-sharing groups were held in five ethnic languages and English (for African Caribbeans), and ran fortnightly for six months. Primary outcome was UKPDS (UK Prospective Diabetes Study) risk score. Secondary outcomes included attendance, HbA1c, well-being and enablement. Process measures included ethnographic observation, and qualitative interviews with staff and patients. Results Some follow-up data were obtained on 87% of participants. There was no significant difference between intervention and control arms in biomedical outcomes. Attendance was 79% in the story-sharing arm and 35% in the control arm (p < 0.0001), and patient enablement scores were significantly higher (8.3 compared to 5.9, p < 0.005). The model was very popular with clinicians, managers and patients, which helped overcome numerous challenges to its successful embedding in a busy public sector diabetes service. Conclusion People from minority ethnic groups in a socioeconomically deprived area were keen to attend informal story-sharing groups and felt empowered by them, but clinical outcomes were no better than with conventional education. Further research is needed to maximize the potential and evaluate the place of this appealing service model before it is introduced as a part of mainstream diabetes services.
How will surgical site infection be measured to ensure “high quality care for all”?
Authors: Ashby E. , Haddad F. S. , O’Donnell E. , Wilson A. P. R. 
Published: August 2010

As of April 2010 all NHS institutions in the United Kingdom are required to publish data on surgical site infection, but the method for collecting this has not been decided. We examined 7448 trauma and orthopaedic surgical wounds made in patients staying for at least two nights between 2000 and 2008 at our institution and calculated the rate of surgical site infection using three definitions: the US Centers for Disease Control, the United Kingdom Nosocomial Infection National Surveillance Scheme and the ASEPSIS system. On the same series of wounds, the infection rate with outpatient follow-up according to Centre for Disease Control was 15.45%, according to the UK Nosocomial infection surveillance was 11.32%, and according to ASEPSIS was 8.79%. These figures highlight the necessity for all institutions to use the same method for diagnosing surgical site infection. If different methods are used, direct comparisons will be invalid and published rates of infection will be misleading.
Internal rotational error of the tibial component is a major cause of pain after total knee replacement
Authors: Nicoll D. , Rowley D. I. 
Published: August 2010

This study used CT analysis to determine the rotational alignment of 39 painful and 26 painless fixed-bearing total knee replacements (TKRs) from a cohort of 740 NexGen Legacy posterior-stabilised and cruciate-retaining prostheses implanted between May 1996 and August 2003. The mean rotation of the tibial component was 4.3° of internal rotation (25.4° internal to 13.9° external rotation) in the painful group and 2.2° of external rotation (8.5° internal to 18.2° external rotation) in the painfree group (p = 0.024). In the painful group 17 tibial components were internally rotated more than 9° compared with none in the painfree group (p < 0.001). Additionally, six femoral components in the painful group were internally rotated more than 6° compared with none in the painfree group (p = 0.017). External rotational errors were not found to be associated with pain. Overall, 22 (56.4%) of the painful TKRs had internal rotational errors involving the femoral, the tibial or both components. It is estimated that at least 4.6% of all our TKRs have been implanted with significant internal rotational errors.
Extensor hallucis longus transfer as an alternative to split transfer of the tibialis anterior tendon to correct equinovarus foot in hemiplegic patients without overactivity of tibialis anterior
Authors: Carda S. , Molteni F. , Bertoni M. , Zerbinati P. , Invernizzi M. , Cisari C. 
Published: August 2010

This study assessed if transfer of the extensor hallucis longus is a valid alternative treatment to split transfer of the tibialis anterior tendon in adult hemiplegic patients without overactivity of the tibialis anterior. One group of 15 patients had overactivity of tibialis anterior in the swing phase, and underwent the split transfer. A further group of 14 patients had no overactivity of tibialis anterior, and underwent transfer of extensor hallucis longus. All patients had lengthening of the tendo Achillis and tenotomies of the toe flexors. All were evaluated clinically and by three-dimensional gait analysis pre- and at one year after surgery. At this time both groups showed significant reduction of disability in walking. Gait speed, stride length and paretic propulsion had improved significantly in both groups. Dorsiflexion in the swing phase, the step length of the healthy limb and the step width improved in both groups, but only reached statistical significance in the patients with transfer of the extensor hallucis longus. There were no differences between the groups at one year after operation. When combined with lengthening of the tendo Achillis, transfer of the extensor hallucis longus can be a valid alternative to split transfer of the tibialis anterior tendon to correct equinovarus foot deformity in patients without overactivity of tibialis anterior.
A prospective comparative study of kyphoplasty using the Jack vertebral dilator and balloon kyphoplasty for the treatment of osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures
Authors: Shen G. W. , Wu N. Q. , Zhang N. , Jin Z. S. , Xu J. , Yin G. Y. 
Published: August 2010

This study prospectively compared the efficacy of kyphoplasty using a Jack vertebral dilator and balloon kyphoplasty to treat osteoporotic compression fractures between T10 and L5. Between 2004 and 2009, two groups of 55 patients each underwent vertebral dilator kyphoplasty and balloon kyphoplasty, respectively. Pain, function, the Cobb angle, and the anterior and middle height of the vertebral body were assessed before and after operation. Leakage of bone cement was recorded. The post-operative change in the Cobb angle was significantly greater in the dilator kyphoplasty group than in the balloon kyphoplasty group (−9.51° (sd 2.56) vs −7.78° (sd 1.19), p < 0.001)). Leakage of cement was less in the dilator kyphoplasty group. No other significant differences were found in the two groups after operation, and both procedures gave equally satisfactory results in terms of all other variables assessed. No serious complications occurred in either group. These findings suggest that vertebral dilator kyphoplasty can facilitate better correction of kyphotic deformity and may ultimately be a safer procedure in reducing leakage of bone cement.
Anatomy of piriformis, obturator internus and obturator externus
Authors: Solomon L. B. , Lee Y. C. , Callary S. A. , Beck M. , Howie D. W. 
Published: August 2010

We dissected 20 cadaver hips in order to investigate the anatomy and excursion of the trochanteric muscles in relation to the posterior approach for total hip replacement. String models of each muscle were created and their excursion measured while the femur was moved between its anatomical position and the dislocated position. The position of the hip was determined by computer navigation. In contrast to previous studies which showed a separate insertion of piriformis and obturator internus, our findings indicated that piriformis inserted onto the superior and anterior margins of the greater trochanter through a conjoint tendon with obturator internus, and had connections to gluteus medius posteriorly. Division of these connections allowed lateral mobilisation of gluteus medius with minimal retraction. Analysis of the excursion of these muscles revealed that positioning the thigh for preparation of the femur through this approach elongated piriformis to a maximum of 182%, obturator internus to 185% and obturator externus to 220% of their resting lengths, which are above the thresholds for rupture of these muscles. Our findings suggested that gluteus medius may be protected from overstretching by release of its connection with the conjoint tendon. In addition, failure to detach piriformis or the obturators during a posterior approach for total hip replacement could potentially produce damage to these muscles because of over-stretching, obturator externus being the most vulnerable.