bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Attitudes and Awareness of Medical Students Towards Teleradiology and the Application of Artificial Intelligence in Diagnostic Radiology.
Authors: Almuhanna Afnan , Almohsen Danyah , Alhuraish Deemah , AlSultan Deem , AlRatrout Farah , Alzanadi Rabab , Abbas Rana 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Rationale and Objectives: Teleradiology and artificial intelligence (AI) have emerged as important tools for facilitating healthcare workers in diagnosing, treating, and preventing diseases. They can also be used in the analysis of X-ray images, MRIs, and CT scans. This study delves into the perceptions of medical students at Imam Abdulrahman University (IAU) regarding the role of AI and teleradiology. The findings also shed light on the opinions of medical students at the IAU on the potential augmentation and replacement of radiologists with AI.
Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, data were collected from medical students at Imam Abdulrahman bin Faisal University, Eastern region, Saudi Arabia. An online self-administered questionnaire was used to collect data during August 2023. Medical students’ opinions were assessed using the Chi-square test.
Results: The study concluded that 65.2% of the respondents thought radiologists should embrace AI. Moreover, 56.1% agreed that the AI would augment the radiologist's capability and efficiency. However, 46.2% believed that teleradiology could replace radiologists working at the hospital, and 42.5% agreed that the impact of AI alone would reduce the number of radiologists needed in the field.
Conclusion: Medical students expressed different opinions in the role of AI in augmenting or replacing radiologists. For teleradiology, the results were promising as students showed interest and optimistic views. Understanding and addressing these perceptions from our future physicians is crucial for developing a strong radiology workforce capable of navigating the transformative journey of a more technological healthcare environment.
Physiological responses of Catfish liver to katuk extract, turmeric powder, and vitamin C supplemented in the diet during ovarium development
Authors: Awaludin Awaludin , Manalu Wasmen , Andriyanto Andriyanto , Sudrajat Agus Oman , Haryadi Joni 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Reproduction success in oviparous animals is determined by the optimum vitellogenin deposition in the follicles. Vitellogenin is synthesized by hepatocytes under estrogen stimulation. Hepatocytes functionalities are important to produce vitellogenin. This research was designed to increase liver functions by using catfish as a model. The hepatocyte function is improved by katuk extract, turmeric powder, and vitamin C supplementations. The experiment consisted of 8 treatments and 3 repetitions. The treatments were given for 8 weeks. Parameters measured were Hepatosomatic Index (HSI), histology of the liver, concentrations of serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (SGPT), serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT), and superoxide dismutase (SOD). The results showed that HSI in catfish supplemented with combination of katuk extract, turmeric powder, and vitamin C showed the highest values. The liver histology in catfish supplemented with turmeric powder showed the lowest level of hepatocyte vacuolization compared to all treatments without turmeric supplementation. The SOD values were increased in the groups of catfish supplemented with turmeric powder with SGPT and SGOT values decreased compared to catfish without turmeric powder supplementation. It is concluded that turmeric powder supplementation can improve the hepatocytes capacities and functionalities to support vitellogenin synthesis to be deposited in the growing and developing oocytes.
Research on Static Loading Method for Flexible Airship
Authors: Meng Jingye , Mao Tianye , Huang Bin , Zhao Hongling , Zhu Rensheng , Jie Desuan 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

In this paper, the static loading method is presented for studying nonlinear aerodynamic effect of flexible airship. We calculated the coupled aerodynamic and deformation problem by numerical simulation, and established instrumentation system indoor based on the data of the large airship developed by our client. By converting aerodynamic load into the concentrated force, we conducted static load test on the airship model. Consequently, we obtained the simulated deformation contours at various angles of attack and typical wind speed both by aerodynamic load and concentrated forces. Moreover, we measured the deformations of five measured zones with the depth processing camera, and compared the measured and simulated deformations. The results show our static loading method can effectively reflect the deformation distribution caused by aerodynamic loads on flexible airship, and it is effective to study the deformation of flexible airship at actual flight condition by this method.
Influence of pH on the Cytotoxic Activity of Organic Acids against Breast Cancer Cells
Authors: Lee Sungmun 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Cancer is among the leading causes of death, and breast cancer is the most common cancer in women worldwide. Cancer cells including breast cancer cells generate a reversed pH gradient. Cancer cells have lower extracellular pH (pHe) of ~6.7 - 7.1 and higher intracellular pH (pHi) of 7.4, while normal cells have pHe of 7.4 and lower pHi of 7.2. Exogenous pH changes can modulate the cell growth and cell cycle of breast cancer cells. Here, we investigated how organic acids affected breast cancer cells. MDA-MB-231 cell lines, metastatic human breast cancer cells, were cultured in medium with ten organic acids, and the cytotoxicity of all organic acids against MDA-MB-231 cells was measured. Among ten organic acids, four organic acids, succinic acid (SA), fumaric acid (FA), tartaric acid (TA), and citric acid (CA), were more toxic to MDA-MB-231 cells than other organic acids. The further results demonstrated that the cytotoxicity was caused mainly by acidic pH or pH changes of four organic acids. Four organic acids also affected cell toxicity, cell density, and morphology of MDA-MB-231 spheroids. The information of this research will be beneficial to design novel anticancer drugs to treat breast cancer.
The Correlation Between SiO2 and The Conduction Properties of Li+ Ions in an Amorphous Gel Polymer Electrolyte Composed of PMMA/PLA-LiBOB
Authors: Khan N. M. , Kufian M. Z. , Samsudin A. S. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

In the present work, varying silica nanofillers (SiO2) compositions were successfully introduced into PMMA/PLA-20%LiBOB amorphous gel polymer electrolyte (GPE) systems. FTIR analysis unveiled subtle alterations in wavenumber shifting and intensity at several highlighted peaks, indicating the occurrence of molecular interactions within the GPE. XRD analysis revealed a notable reduction in crystallinity, particularly up to 6 wt.% SiO2, implying that the presence of nanofillers influenced complexation ability and amplified amorphous regions. Meanwhile, TGA analysis confirmed that the 6 wt.% SiO2 sample exhibited the least mass loss, affirming its exceptional thermal stability and proved the increase in ionic conductivity until the maximum value of 2.19×10-3 S cm-1 for samples up to 6 wt.%. The TNM testing resulted in a notably high lithium-ion transference number, which indicates the practical viability of this composition for application in lithium-ion batteries and provides promising enhanced electrochemical performance.
Chilling and heat requirement for dormancy breaking and flowering of the plum accessions belonging to the living collection of Morocco
Authors: Hamdani Anas , Yaacoubi Adnane El , Bouda Said , Erami Meryem , Adiba Atman , Outghouliast Hakim , Charafi Jamal 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

The date of endodormancy release and chill requirements of twenty-eight plum cultivars (Prunus domestica L. and Prunus salicina Lindl) growing in a collection at the experimental station of the National Institute of Agricultural Research of Meknes (Morocco) were determined according to three models namely the Chilling Hours model (in Chilling Hours, CH), the Utah model (in Chill Units, CU) and the Dynamic model (in Chill Portions, CP). In this regard, the forcing tests were conducted out on floral buds of all plum cultivars in order to follow the weight of buds in field and under controlled climate conditions. The heat requirements calculation was based on counting the Growing Hours Degree between the endodormancy release date determined by forcing tests and the flowering dates observed in field for each cultivar. Significant differences were revealed in chill and heat requirements between the plum cultivars studied, ranging from 336 to 522 CH, 645 to 1,046 CU, 37.5 to 55.93 CP and 6,618 to 9,673 GDH according to Chilling Hours, Utah, Dynamic and GDH models, respectively. In addition, the results showed great variability between cultivars according to their dormancy levels, ranging from low chill and heat cultivars (INRA-PR38, INRA-PR40 and Santa Rosa) to highest ones (Stanley, Prune d’Ente, Monglobe and Fortune), which generated differences in the dates of endodormancy release and flowering process. Correlations between chill requirements, heat requirements and flowering dates have been established since cultivars with low chill requirements (also low heat requirements) have earlier endodormancy release and flowering dates in comparison to those showed high chill requirements. The results obtained in this investigation constitute a basis to improve knowledge of the plum species cultivated under Moroccan climate conditions and make it possible to determine the most appropriate cultivation areas for these cultivars, given the current and future climate change.
A PSO- robust high-speed software encoder for a PMSM machine in a wind energy system application
Authors: Alkuhayli Abdulaziz , flah aymen , El-Bayeh Claude Ziad , Blazek vojtech , Prokop Lukas 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Wind energy systems are based on a synchronous machine, which can support a high-speed rotation case due to possible high wind coming speeds. The machines used are affiliated with permanent magnet machines, and it seems that when the speed becomes high, speed detection can be difficult if a software application is adapted. This difficulty appears when the high speeds come, as the motor temperature will increase, which can influence motor parameters, especially the stator resistance. This will influence the proposed speed software estimator robustness. The proposed high-speed estimator algorithm is based on the model reference adaptive system MRAS estimation method, which can be used for motor speed estimation. The proposed MRAS concept was based on the reactive power model, which ensures the robustness of the estimator in facing any possible stator resistance variation, even at very high speeds. This MRAS estimator was tuned by the particle optimization algorithm to avoid the regulator parameter identification problem. So, this concept was modelled and mathematically defined, then tested by implementation on the Matlab tool and on a real machine prototype which can operate a high-speed rotated load. The stability analysis of the overall speed encoder is also shown in various speed regions, and practice lab application is presented and discussed to show the success of the proposed high-speed control scheme. The results were depicted under 42000 rpm (eq to 600 Hz), and the proposed speed estimator demonstrated good behaviour, and a lesser estimator error was evaluated at 50 Hz as the maximum speed error.
Usefulness of COI gene based molecular method for identification of field collected maggots, Puducherry, South India
Authors: Bhuvaneshwaran Sudha , Padmanaban Visa Shalini , Radja Ranjana Devi , Anandan Gayathri , Venkatesan Shakila , Semalaiyappan Janani , Kumar Ashwani , Kutti Vijesh Sreedhar 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Flies and maggots are of medical importance, and it is often necessary to identify them at species level. Conventionally, this is carried out based on morphological features using taxonomic keys. However, identification of maggots based on morphology is difficult and required entomological expertise is often lacking in many clinical settings. Molecular methods can be an alternative to morphology based identification. We explored the utility of mitochondrial COI gene based molecular method, as a tool for identifying field collected maggots in Puducherry, India. Maggots were collected from different locations in Puducherry using rotten fish and kitchen waste as baits and a segment of the COI gene was amplified and phylogenetic analysis was performed. The identified maggots belonged to Sarcophaga peregrina, Hemipyrellia ligurriensand Chrysomya megacephala. We highlight the usefulness of molecular methods in precise identification of maggots in certain settings is highlighted.
Honey bees (Apis mellifera) adjust flight strategy depending on loading
Authors: He Yu Zhu , Ouyang Hui Dan , Li Chang Long , Lu Ting Song , Wu Li Hui , Wu Hong Ping , Zhong Xun , Zhang Jin Wu , He Xu Jiang 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

The honeybee is an optimal model for studies on aerodynamics and bionic aircrafts, and they have an excellent loading ability during flight. However, it is unclear how honeybees adjust their flight strategies under different loading states. In this study, metal tags with different weights (20 mg, 40 mg and 60 mg) were glued onto the thoraxes of honeybee foragers, the natural foragers were used as control. A 3D level setup was conducted to record the flight trails of each marked bees during their homing process. Our results showed that the control and the 20 mg group had more flexible turnings with significantly larger curvatures and significantly lower flight speeds compared to the 40 mg and 60 mg groups. During the landing process, the control and the 20 mg group rapidly decreased their flight speeds and notably increased their curvatures, whereas the 40 mg group remained a more stable flight speed and curvature. The 60 mg group notably increased flight speed and decreased curvature before reaching the ground. This work reveals that honeybees have an ability of flexibly altering their flight strategies under different load-bearing states during homing process, which serves as a good model for aerodynamics and bionic aircraft studies.
Ontology-based Activity Intention Recognition via Human-in-the-loop Framework
Authors: Heo Taejung , Hwang Seokju , Gong Yeseul , Kim Donghyun , Lee Kyong-Ho , Kim Taeho , Kim Eunji 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Human intention recognition is crucial for various human-centered settings.Existing approaches can be categorized into data-driven and knowledge-drivenmethods. While data-driven methods have shown promising performance withlarge training sets, they face challenges in data collection and limited interpretability.In contrast, knowledge-driven methods have the advantage of notrequiring training data and being interpretable, but acquiring high-qualitydomain knowledge is time-consuming and costly. To address these challenges,we propose OntoIR, a novel Ontology-based human activity Intention Recognitionsystem with a human-in-the-loop rule generation and refinement framework.OntoIR involves an ontology and human-guided logical rules to recognize humanactivities and intentions. By Leveraging rule mining model, the OntoIR extractscandidate rules enriches them with contextual information. Human experts thencurate meaningful rules and supplement insufficient context information. Thisallows us to obtain explainable human intention recognition results throughexpressive rules in situations where data is scarce. To evaluate our system,we collect an Activity/Intention recognition dataset, AICar, in a car showroomenvironment. Comprehensive experiments are conducted on the AICar,demonstrating that the collaboration of rule-mining models and domain expertsimproves the performance of activity intention recognition without lowering theinterpretability of recognition results.
Local Communities Facing COVID-19: influence of “PASDeR” on peasant family farming in Northern Benin?
Authors: Dedehouanou Gbenoukpo Modeste Arnaud 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

To protect populations against the spread of COVID-19, countries have taken preventive measures such as lockdowns, prohibitions, curfews, etc., as well as individual and collective barrier gestures against the circulation of the virus. The consequences have been widely various. The present study, therefore, aimed at analysing the effects of these implemented anti-Covid-19 measures on Peasant Family Farms in Benin. The study based on collected data of 1,282 beneficiary farms, and used quasi-experimental models highlighting effects, impacts, and efficiency. It is conducted from June 2020 to December 2022, in Benin. The results revealed that the anti-COVID-19 measures taken by the program, had a slight and insignificant increase in income and productivity, whereas on employment, this increase remained not only positive but significant. The results furthermore, show that Peasant Family Farms worked more in several fields during this period to improve economic and social welfare. These findings suggest the promotion of such initiatives in local communities, following by a liberal fellowship from national or federal authorities.
JEL Code: H43; H54; I38; Q12.
The Effect of Aerobic and Combined, Aerobic-anaerobicexercise on Obese Diabetic Patients
Authors: Awoke Tamagne , Kiflu D.r Alemmebrat , Tadesse D.r Aschenaki 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background Physical exercise is has been recommended as an important non-pharmacological therapeutic strategy for managing diabetes type2 mellitus (T2DM) and obesity. The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of17 weeks aerobic, and combined, both aerobic plus resistance training on HbAlc, bodyweight, body composition and others cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) components among T2DM and obese patients.
METHODS: positivism style of research paradigms and quantitative method of true randomize experimental design was used. 30 T2DM and obese male patients; aged 40–65 years (M=54.4, SD=6.96593), their BMI ≥30 kg/m2 _ 39.9 kg/m2, were randomized to one of the two exercise interventions or a control group. All two exercise groups had an equal total exercise time lasting 60min aerobic or combined training (50-70% of MHR & 1RM). HbAlc, body mass index (BMI) Total cholesterol (TC), Triglycerides (TG), High-density lipoprotein (HDL-C), Low density lipoprotein (LDL) and Waist circumference (WC) were measured. Paired sample T-test, Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and post Hock was used.
RESULTS: aerobic and combined groups showed significance improvement during pre and posttest in weights, BMI, HbAlc, TC, TG, LDL, HDL and WC, P <.001, than the control group. From the ANOVA (Post Hock) result: Aerobic training and combined group was revealing a greater statistical difference more than the Control group in weight (MD = -9*, and MD = -7* p < 0.05), BMI (MD= -3.68* and -2.99* , P< .001), HbAlc (MD = -8.17*, and MD= -8.61*, P < 0.001), TC (MD = -34.4*and MD= -40.6*, P < 0.001), LDL (MD = -47.3*, and MD = -43.2*, P < 0.001),WC (MD = -12.1*, and MD= -15.4*, P < 0.001), TG (MD = 73.2*and MD= -82.4*, P < 0.001). But in HDL the aerobic group didn’t shown significance difference (MD= -.2, p = .969 that is P > 0.05) than the control group. But the combined group was shown great statistical difference than the aerobic and control group with (MD= 6.4*, P< .001) and (MD= 6.2*, p < .001) respectively.
Conclusion: Compared to aerobic exercise, a 17-week of combined aerobic-anaerobic exercise intervention was more successful in altering these parameters.
The detoxification role of P450 genes implicated in adaptation of Helicoverpa armigera to walnut phytochemistry
Authors: Li Haiqing , Huang Xinzheng , Yang Long , Liu Haining , Liu Bing , Lu Yanhui H 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

In northwest China, changes in cultivation patterns and the scarcity of preferred hosts have forced Helicoverpa armigera to feed on the marginal host walnut (Juglans regia). However, the mechanisms allowing this adaptation remain poorly understood. Here, we investigated the behavioral, physiological, and molecular mechanisms underlying the local adaptation of this pest to walnut fruits. Compared to the kernel, the green husk and shell generally contained higher levels of phytochemicals and had greater impact on larval feeding preference, fitness, and cytochrome P450 activity. These negative effects were further supported by a larger number of upregulated detoxification genes in insects fed green husks or shells based on transcriptome sequencing. Together, these data suggest that P450 genes (such as LOC110371778) may be crucial to H. armigera adaptation to the phytochemicals of walnuts. Our findings provide significant insight into the adaptation of cotton bollworm to walnut, an alternative host of lower quality.
Establishment and validation of a predictive model for spontaneous preterm birth in singleton pregnant women
Authors: Lv Zimeng , Hu Jingyuan , Zhang Naiwen , Liu Hui , Liu Wei 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Introduction: Screening for high sensitivity and specificity predictors of premature birth, establishing a sPTB prediction model that is suitable for women in China, easy to operate and popularize, and establishing an sPTB prediction scoring system for early, intuitive, and effective assessment of premature birth risk.
Methods: 685 pregnant women with a single pregnancy during the second trimester (16-26 weeks) were divided into premature delivery and non-premature delivery groups based on their delivery outcomes. Clinical and ultrasound information was collected for both groups, and risk factors that could lead to sPTB in pregnant women were screened and analyzed using a cutoff value. A nomogram was developed to establish a prediction model and scoring system for sPTB. Additionally, 119 pregnant women who met the inclusion criteria for the modeling cohort were included for external validation of the model. The accuracy and consistency of the model were evaluated through the area under the ROC curve and the C-calibration curve.
Results: The results of multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that there was a significant correlation (P<0.05) between the number of miscarriages in pregnant women, history of miscarriages at the first week of pregnancy, history of preterm birth, CL of pregnant women, open and continuous cervical opening, and the occurrence of sPTB in pregnant women. Draw a Nomogram column chart based on the six risk factors mentioned above, obtain a predictive model for sPTB, and establish a scoring system to divide premature birth into three risk groups: low, medium, and high. Validate the model, and the Hosmer Lemeshow test indicates a good fit of the model (p=0.997); Modeling queue C calibration curve close to diagonal (C index=0.856), verifying that queue C calibration curve is also close to diagonal (C index=0.854); The AUC of the modeling queue is 0.850, and the AUC of the validation queue is 0.881.
Conclusion: This study established a predictive model for sPTB, which is suitable for women in China, easy to operate and popularize. Risk assessment was conducted by assigning scores to each cutoff value, which can guide early, intuitive, and effective clinical assessment of premature birth risk in pregnant women.