bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
To what extent do weight gain and eating avidity during infancy predict later adiposity?
Authors: Wright Charlotte M , Cox Katherine Marie , Sherriff Andrea , Franco-Villoria Maria , Pearce Mark S , Adamson Ashley J ,   Gateshead Millennium Study core team
Published: October 2011

AbstractObjectiveTo determine the extent to which weight gain and eating behaviours in infancy predict later adiposity.DesignPopulation-based, prospective, longitudinal birth cohort study. Weights collected in infancy were used to calculateZ-scores for weight gain to age 1 year conditional on birth weight (CWG). To avoid multiple significance tests, variables from the parent questionnaire completed at age 1 year describing eating avidity were combined using general linear modelling to create an infancy avidity score. Anthropometry, skinfold thicknesses and bioelectrical impedance data collected at age 7–8 years were combined using factor analysis, to create an adiposity index.SettingGateshead, UK.SubjectsMembers of the Gateshead Millennium Study cohort with data at both time points (n561).ResultsCWG in infancy significantly predicted adiposity at age 7 years, but related more strongly to length and lean mass. High adiposity (> 90th internal percentile) at age 7 years was significantly associated with high CWG (relative risk 2·76; 95 % CI 1·5, 5·1) in infancy, but less so with raised (> 74th internal percentile) eating avidity in infancy (relative risk 1·87; 95 % CI 0·9, 3·7). However, the majority of children with high weight gain (77·6 %) or avidity (85·5 %) in infancy did not go on to have high adiposity at age 7 years.ConclusionsRapid weight gain in infancy and the eating behaviours which relate to it do predict later adiposity, but are more strongly predictive of later stature and lean mass.
Dietary patterns are associated with weight gain in newlyweds: findings from a cross-sectional study in Shanghai, China
Authors: Zhang Yifeng , Tan Hui , Dai Xuan , Huang Honger , He Gengsheng 
Published: October 2011

AbstractObjectiveThe present study aimed to characterize the dietary patterns of newlyweds married within one year and to examine the factors associated with weight changes.DesignA cross-sectional study was carried out in 2009.SettingBaoshan District, Shanghai, China.SubjectsA total of 342 pairs of newlyweds were recruited at their first visit. Weight and height were measured and food intake was measured based on an FFQ with forty-nine items. Dietary patterns were identified through factor analysis, and the factors associated with weight changes were determined by multiple regression models.ResultsAverage weight gain of the participants during marital transition was 1·9 kg (2·2 kg for men and 1·6 kg for women). Four major dietary patterns were identified: vegetable pattern, sweets and fats pattern, legume pattern and poultry, beef and mutton pattern. In multivariate analyses, the highest quintile of factor 2 (sweets and fats pattern) was significantly associated with weight gain after marriage in a comparison with the lowest quintile (β= 2·94; 95 % CI 0·75, 5·15;P= 0·01) in men. The highest quintile of factor 4 (poultry, beef and mutton pattern) was inversely associated with weight gain after marriage in a comparison with the lowest quintile (β= −1·21; 95 % CI −2·32, −0·11;P= 0·03).ConclusionsOur results suggest that a pattern rich in sugar, oil and condiments may lead to greater marital weight gain in men; another pattern rich in poultry, beef and mutton may lead to less marital weight gain in both men and women.
Tree-ring dating of meteorite fall in Sikhote-Alin, Eastern Siberia – Russia
Authors: Fantucci R. , Di Martino Mario , Serra Romano 
Published: October 2011

AbstractThis research deals with the fall of the Sikhote-Alin iron meteorite on the morning of 12 February 1947, at about 00:38 h Utrecht, in a remote area in the territory of Primorsky Krai in Eastern Siberia (46°09′36″N, 134°39′22″E). The area engulfed by the meteoritic fall was around 48 km2, with an elliptic form and thousands of craters. Around the large craters the trees were torn out by the roots and laid radially to the craters at a distance of 10–20 m; the more distant trees had broken tops. This research investigated through dendrocronology n.6 Scots pine trees (Pinus Sibirica) close to one of the main impact craters. The analysis of growth anomalies has shown a sudden decrease since 1947 for 4–8 years after the meteoritic impact. Tree growth stress, detected in 1947, was analysed in detail through wood microsection that confirmed the winter season (rest vegetative period) of the event. The growth stress is mainly due to the lost crown (needle lost) and it did not seem to be caused due to direct damages on trunk and branches (missing of resin ducts).
Ectopic ACTH-syndrome due to a Neuroendocrine Tumour of the Appendix
Authors: Perakakis N. , Laubner K. , Keck T. , Steffl D. , Lausch M. , Meyer P. , Burger D. , Csanadi A. , Seufert J. 
Published: October 2011

AbstractEctopic ACTH production causes 10% of Cushing’s syndromes. The diagnostic workup is difficult, can last more than 6 months (> 50% of cases), and the underlying tumour is still frequently not located (12%). Carcinoid tumours of the appendix are frequent and are revealed in 0.3% of patients undergoing routine appendectomy. However, neuroendocrine tumours of the appendix with ACTH production are an extremely rare entity.Here we report the case of a female patient with clinically overt Cushing’s syndrome due to ectopic ACTH-production from a carcinoid tumour of the appendix. During the diagnostic workup, repeated endocrine tests, multiple different imaging modalities and frequent and lengthy hospitalisations were necessary. Wrongly, even a neurosurgical pituitary exploration was performed. After 12 months from the initial admission, the tumour was finally detected by an 18F-fluoro-L-dihydroxyphenylalanine (18FDOPA PET) and an appendectomy followed by right hemicolectomy were performed. The patient recovered rapidly and the symptoms from the hypercortisolism were no more present.In this case, we discuss the multitude of problems, which may delay the diagnosis and the pitfalls, that should be avoided in order to locate the tumour and to initiate adequate therapy as early as possible. Furthermore, our case demonstrates the complexity of diagnostic procedures, which demand most of the times a multidisciplinary approach. In this setting, regular follow-ups in short time intervals and the use of novel imaging techniques can finally cut the diagnostic “Gordian knot”.
Mapping personal functional data to personal genomes
Authors: Rivas-Astroza Marcelo , Xie Dan , Cao Xiaoyi , Zhong Sheng 
Published: October 2011

Abstract
Motivation: The sequencing of personal genomes enabled analysis of variation in transcription factor (TF) binding, chromatin structure and gene expression and indicated how they contribute to phenotypic variation. It is hypothesized that using the reference genome for mapping ChIP-seq or RNA-seq reads may introduce errors, especially at polymorphic genomic regions.
Results: We developed a Personal Genome Editor (perEditor) that changes the reference human genome (NCBI36/hg18) into an individual genome, taking into account single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), insertions and deletions, copy number variation, and chromosomal rearrangements. perEditor outputs two alleles (maternal, paternal) of the individual genome that is ready for mapping ChIP-seq and RNA-seq reads, and enabling the analyses of allele specific binding, chromatin structure and gene expression.
Availability: perEditor is available at http://biocomp.bioen.uiuc.edu/perEditor.
Contact: szhong@illinois.edu
First Report of the Root-Knot Nematode Meloidogyne arenaria on Cheeseweed Mallow (Malva parviflora) in the United States
Authors: Kokalis-Burelle N. , Rosskopf E. N. , Holzinger J. 
Published: October 2011

During a 2010 field trial for examining alternatives to methyl bromide soil fumigation for the production of field-grown cut flowers, weeds were collected for identification and evaluated for their potential as hosts for plant pathogenic nematodes. In one cut flower field located in Martin County, FL, six cheeseweed mallow (Malva parviflora L.) plants were collected that had root-galling typical of infection by a root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne spp.). Field collected plants were used for species identification of the weed and maintained in the greenhouse for seed production. Several gravid female nematodes were extracted from field collected mallow roots and individually identified as Meloidogyne arenaria based on their esterase phenotype (PhastSystem, GE Healthcare) (1). A single egg mass was then extracted from the field collected mallow roots and inoculated onto a tomato plant (Solanum lycopersicum, ‘Rutgers’) grown in steamed builders sand in the greenhouse. The single egg mass culture was increased for 8 weeks, until galling was sufficient to produce adequate nematode inoculum to complete Koch's postulates on the original mallow host. Ten mallow plants were inoculated with single egg masses originally isolated from mallow and increased on tomato. Ten additional plants were maintained in the greenhouse as uninoculated controls. Inoculated and control mallow plants were grown in the greenhouse for 8 weeks, after which the roots were evaluated for galling, and root-knot nematode J2 were extracted from roots and soil and counted. All inoculated plants produced galled roots and control plants did not. Gravid females were extracted from mallow roots and identified as M. arenaria based on esterase phenotype as previously described. Ten gravid females for each DNA extraction were collected from mallow roots and DNA was isolated with the PowerSoil DNA Isolation Kit (MO BIO Laboratories, Inc., Carlsbad, CA). Identification of M. arenaria was confirmed by using species-specific primers F5′-TCGAGGGCATCTAATAAAGG-3′ and R5′-GGGCTGAATAATCAAAGGAA-3′ (2) and F5′-TCGGCGATAGAGGTAAATGAC-3′ and R5′-TCGGCGATAGACACTACAACT-3′ (4), which produced single amplicon bands of the expected size of 420 and 950 bp, respectively. This weed species has been reported as a host for M. javanica in Algeria and as an experimental host in Egypt (3), but this report, to our knowledge, constitutes the first documentation of Malva parviflora as a natural host of M. arenaria. The importance of weeds as hosts for plant parasitic nematodes cannot be over emphasized. As growers, particularly in Florida and California, continue to lose tools for broad-spectrum pest control, the ability of nematodes to reproduce on uncontrolled weeds will become increasingly important. References: (1) J. A. Brito et al. Nematology 10:757, 2008. (2) K. Dong et al. Nematropica 31:273, 2001. (3) M. Quader et al. Australas. Plant Pathol. 30:357, 2001. (4) C. Zijlstra et al. Nematology 2:847, 2000.
Effect of Different Levels of Docosahexaenoic Acid Supply on Fatty Acid Status and Linoleic and α‐Linolenic Acid Conversion in Preterm Infants
Authors: Sauerwald Ulrike C. , Fink Maria M. , Demmelmair Hans , Schoenaich Patrick v. , Rauh‐Pfeiffer Astrid A.M. , Koletzko Berthold 
Published: October 2011

ABSTRACTObjectives:Long‐chain polyunsaturated fatty acid (LC‐PUFA) enrichment of preterm infant formulas is recommended to meet high demands. Dietary LC‐PUFA may inhibit endogenous LC‐PUFA synthesis, thus limiting their benefit. We investigated effects of different docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) intakes on plasma and erythrocyte fatty acids and endogenous LC‐PUFA synthesis in preterm infants.Methods:Forty‐two preterm infants (birth weight 1000–2200 g) were randomized double‐blind to preterm formulas with γ‐linolenic acid (0.4%) and arachidonic acid (AA, 0.1%) but different DHA contents (A: 0.04%, B: 0.33%, C: 0.52%); 24 received human milk (HM: 0.51% AA, 0.38% DHA, nonrandomized). Blood was sampled on study days 0, 14, and 28. Uniformly 13C‐labeled linoleic acid (2 mg/kg) and α‐linolenic acid (1 mg/kg) were applied orally on day 26 and blood samples collected 48 hours later.Results:On day 28, group A had the lowest and group C the highest plasma phospholipid concentrations of eicosapentaenoic acid and DHA. Erythrocyte phospholipid DHA was lowest in group A, but comparable in groups B, C, and HM. Plasma and erythrocyte AA were lower in formula groups than in HM. DHA intake had no effect on DHA synthesis. LC‐PUFA synthesis was lower in HM infants.Conclusions:DHA supply dose dependently increased plasma DHA. Formula DHA levels of 0.33% matched plasma DHA status of infants fed HM. LC‐PUFA synthesis was lower in infants fed HM than formulas with different DHA and low AA contents. With the LC‐PUFA supplementation used, DHA in formulas did not inhibit AA or DHA synthesis.
PedsQL Gastrointestinal Symptoms Module Item Development
Authors: Varni James W. , Kay Marie T. , Limbers Christine A. , Franciosi James P. , Pohl John F. 
Published: October 2011

ABSTRACTObjectives:The objective of the present qualitative study was to develop the items and support the content validity for the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL) Gastrointestinal Symptoms Module for pediatric patients with functional gastrointestinal (GI) disorders and organic GI diseases, hereafter referred to as GI disorders.Methods:The iterative process included multiphase qualitative methods. A literature review of GI disorders was conducted to generate domains for the focus interviews. Six pediatric gastroenterologists with extensive clinical experience in GI disorders provided expert opinion regarding the conceptual framework. A total of 98 participants, 46 pediatric patients ages 5 to 18, and 52 parents of patients ages 2 to 18 with physician‐diagnosed GI disorders (chronic constipation, functional abdominal pain, irritable bowel syndrome, inflammatory bowel disease [Crohn disease, ulcerative colitis], gastroesophageal reflux disease), participated in the focus interviews and cognitive interviewing phases, including think‐aloud and cognitive debriefing protocols.Results:Eleven domains were derived from the qualitative methods involving patient and parent interviews and expert opinion, with content saturation achieved, resulting in 76 items. The 11 domains consisted of items measuring stomach pain, stomach upset, food and drink limits, trouble swallowing, heartburn and reflux, gas and bloating, constipation, diarrhea, worry, medicines, and communication.Conclusions:Qualitative methods involving pediatric patients and their parents in the item generation process support the content validity for the new PedsQL Gastrointestinal Symptoms Module. The PedsQL Gastrointestinal Symptoms Module is undergoing national multisite field testing as the next iterative phase.
Changes in sobriety in the Swedish population over three decades: age, period or cohort effects?
Authors: Ahacic Kozma , Kennison Robert F. , Kåreholt Ingemar 
Published: October 2011

ABSTRACTAims  This study aimed to examine age, cohort and period trends in alcohol abstinence.Design  Two surveys, the Level of Living Survey collected in 1968, 1974, 1981, 1990 and 2000, and the Swedish Panel Study of the Oldest Old (SWEOLD) collected in 1992 and 2002, were studied with graphical depictions of cross‐sectional and longitudinal data presented over time and over age. Cross‐sectional 10‐year age group differences, time‐lag differences between waves and within‐cohort differences between waves for 10‐year birth cohorts were examined. Logistic regression models were applied to confirm the observed patterns.Setting  The samples were representative of the Swedish population.Participants  Participants ranged in age from 18 to 75 (n = 5000 per wave), and 77+ at later waves (n = 500).Measurements  Alcohol abstinence was determined by asking ‘Do you ever drink wine, beer, or spirits?’, where a ‘no’ response indicated abstinence.Findings  Decreases in abstinence rates were observed from 1968 to 2000/02. While cross‐sectional analysis indicated increased abstinence with advancing age, the longitudinal analysis suggested otherwise. Inspection of cohort differences revealed little change within cohorts and large differences between cohorts; abstinence rates declined in later‐born cohorts up to the 1940s birth cohorts; stability was observed in cohorts born since the 1940s. Logistic regression models indicated that neither age nor period were significant (P > 0.05) predictors of abstinence when cohort (P < 0.001) was included.Conclusion  Decreasing proportions of total alcohol abstainers in Sweden from 1968 to 2000 appear to be attributable primarily to decreases in successive cohorts rather than drinkers becoming abstainers.
Fruiting phenology of fig trees in Kalinzu Forest, Uganda
Authors: Muhanguzi Hosea D. R. , Ipulet Perpetua 
Published: October 2011

AbstractThe study determined the abundance and species composition of fig trees that fruited in the different forest types of Kalinzu Forest Reserve (KFR), Uganda. It also assessed the seasonal variations in abundance and species composition of the fig trees, the relationships between the fruiting patterns and rainfall and the figs’ inter‐ and intraspecific patterns of fruiting episodes. Sixteen fig species represented by 515 individuals were monitored monthly from December 2007 to January 2010. Most individuals and species that fruited were in the secondary forest types (the Musanga‐ and Parinari‐dominated secondary forests) and abundances of individuals of the different species were significantly associated with particular forest types. One colonizing species (Ficus sur) was the most abundant species that fruited and was mostly recorded in the secondary forests. Species composition and abundances of trees that fruited varied seasonally, and only the abundances of two canopy species (Ficus lingua and Ficus sansibarica) were significantly related with monthly rainfall. Most species experienced at least four fruiting phases, and F. sur displayed the longest episode covering 22 months. The results suggest that the past intensive logging in KFR promoted the regeneration of a diversity of fig species, and most species generally experience community‐wide asynchronous fruiting.
Supporting the transition of looked‐after young people to independent living: a systematic review of interventions and adult outcomes
Authors: Everson‐Hock E. S. , Jones R. , Guillaume L. , Clapton J. , Duenas A. , Goyder E. , Chilcott J. , Cooke J. , Payne N. , Sheppard L. M. , Swann C. 
Published: October 2011

AbstractThis systematic review aimed to synthesize evidence on the effectiveness of transition support services (TSSs) that are delivered towards the end of care for looked‐after young people (LAYP) on their adult outcomes, including education, employment, substance misuse, criminal and offending behaviour, parenthood, housing and homelessness and health. Searches of health, social science and social care bibliographic databases were conducted and records were screened for relevance. Citation and reference list searches were conducted on included studies. Relevant studies were synthesized and critically appraised. Seven studies were identified (five retrospective and two prospective cohort studies), six of which were conducted in the USA and one in the UK. Overall, LAYP who received TSSs were more likely to complete compulsory education with formal qualifications, be in current employment, be living independently and less likely to be young parents. There was no reported effect of the impact of TSSs on crime or mental health, and mixed findings for homelessness. The range of TSS components investigated and reported varied considerably within and between studies, with limited evidence of long‐term outcomes. The literature reviewed offers no reliable conclusions on the effectiveness of TSSs at this time due to variations in research quality and because few formal evaluations of existing TSSs have been conducted, resulting in mixed evidence in terms of positive, negative and neutral impact on outcomes. Further high‐quality, robust research to evaluate the effectiveness of TSSs on adult outcomes for young people in the short, medium and longer term is needed to address the health inequalities experienced by this small but vulnerable group and to inform decision making about service provision.
A comparison of five transition programmes for youth with chronic illness in Canada
Authors: Grant C. , Pan J. 
Published: October 2011

AbstractAdolescents with chronic illnesses who are transferred from the paediatric healthcare setting to adult care often get lost in the system, resulting in poorer long‐term health outcomes. The Canadian Pediatric Society and the Society of Adolescent Health and Medicine have position papers on the key elements recommended for transition programmes. A comparison of five transition programmes for youth with chronic illness in Canada is presented with a discussion of how they reflect these guidelines. The process used to review the content and effectiveness can provide others with a framework for learning about existing transition programmes to assist them in developing their own.
Bone turnover markers predict changes in bone mineral density after parathyroidectomy in patients with renal hyperparathyroidism
Authors: Lu Kuo‐Cheng , Ma Wen‐Ya , Yu Jyh‐Cherng , Wu Chia‐Chao , Chu Pauling 
Published: October 2011

SummaryObjective  Patients on long‐term dialysis may develop secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT), which causes varying degrees of bone mass loss. This condition is treated with parathyroidectomy (PTX). We investigated whether serial serum bone turnover markers could predict changes in bone mineral density (BMD) after PTX.Design and patients  Renal patients on maintenance haemodialysis who received PTX for refractory SHPT (n = 26, male/female: 13/13; mean age: 48·6 ± 10·7 year) and control subjects without SHPT (n = 25) were prospectively followed for 1 year at two tertiary hospitals in Taiwan.Measurements  Serum intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH), bone‐specific alkaline phosphatase (BAP) and type 5b tartrate‐resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) were measured serially. Additionally, femoral neck (FN) and lumbar spine (LS) BMD were measured before and 1 year after PTX.Results  After PTX, iPTH levels decreased markedly and persistently. BMDs increased in both the FN and LS, but particularly in the LS. Serum BAP progressively increased to a peak at 2 weeks after PTX. Serum TRAP levels progressively decreased over 6 months after PTX. In univariate correlation analyses, baseline iPTH correlated positively with T‐score changes in FN (r = 0·45, P = 0·021) and LS (r = 0·48, P = 0·013). In multivariate regression models, changes in FN T‐scores were negatively predicted by baseline BAP levels (r = −0·615, P = 0·005) and baseline FN T‐scores (r = −0·563, P = 0·012), and they were positively predicted by baseline TRAP(r = 0·6, P = 0·007). Changes in LS T‐scores were positively predicted by baseline TRAP values (r = 0·528, P = 0·01) and negatively predicted by the percentage change in BAP after 2 weeks (r = −0·501, P = 0·015).Conclusions  Parathyroidectomy provided marked, sustained improvements in BMD for up to 1 year. Furthermore, markers of bone turnover predicted 1‐year changes in FN and LS BMDs after PTX.