bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
COMPARISON OF INPATIENT PSYCHIATRIC CARE FOR SARS-COV-2 POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE ADULTS IN VIENNA
Authors: Erfurth Andreas , Sachs *Gabriele 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Introduction
The structure of psychiatric care has undergone many changes in the last decades. In addition, the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has posed specific challenges for inpatient psychiatric care. In Vienna, the admission of SARS-CoV-2 positive psychiatric patients has been centralised in one department, the 1st Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Klinik Hietzing.

Aims
To investigate the extent to which admissions of SARS-CoV-2 positive and negative patients differ with regard to medication, age, sex, diagnosis, need for involuntary admission, duration of treatment, country of birth, and where patients come from and where they are discharged to.

Methods
Between 15 March 2020 and 21 May 2022 (start and end of cohorting of all Vienna SARS-CoV- 2 positive inpatients in one department), 338 SARS-CoV-2 positive and 1312 SARS-CoV-2 negative patients were treated as inpatients at the 1st Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine of Klinik Hietzing.

Results
The results of the study are presented.

Conclusions
The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic was a major challenge for inpatient psychiatry. A precise differentiation of the treatment of positive and negative patients is important for the assessment of the impact of the pandemic.
PREDICTION OF CLINICAL RESPONSE TO DONEPEZIL AND MEMANTINE IN PATIENTS WITH ALZHEIMER'S DISEASES BY USING EEG CONNECTIVITY
Authors: Youn *Tak , Park Hae Jeong 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
High doses of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitor Donepezil and non-competitive antagonist of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor Memantine are approved for the clinical treatment of mild to severe Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, it is unclear which drug is more appropriate when AD progresses from mild to moderate-severe and thus calls for a neurobiological basis for clinical decisions.

Aims & Objectives
by viewing AD as a disconnection syndrome, we explored brain connectivity as a biomarker for medication choice and to predict the outcomes of both Donepezil and Memantine.

Method
Resting-state EEG was recorded from a total of 54 AD patients (mean age=73.4±6.2, male=18, female=36) at starting medication and after treatment. The mean treatment period is 103.1±58.9 weeks. We divided the patients into two groups according to MMSE score change; a group responds to donepezil alone well(n=26), second group responds to Memantine with high doses of donepezil well(n=28). We analyzed brain connectivity among the 246 cortical regions defined by the Brainnetome atlas using the fieldtrip toolbox by evaluating spectral coherence for five frequency bands (delta, theta, alpha, beta, and gamma). We then analyzed each connectivity between groups using ANCOVA with age, sex, and the initial MMSE scores as covariates. Our study found that Memantine with high doses of donepezil group has reduced and disrupted regional connectivity in the theta and gamma frequency bands, especially between the left fronto-occipitoparietal regions (p&lt;0.001). In the alpha frequency band, reduced regional connectivity between the left frontal and medial temporal areas was also observed(p&lt;0.001).

Discussion & Conclusion
This study suggests the potential of the EEG connectivity as a biomarker to predict treatment response to AchE inhibitor and NMDA antagonist in AD.

References
1)Fan, L., Li, H., Zhuo, J., Zhang, Y., Wang, J., Chen, L., Yang, Z., Chu, C., Xie, S., Laird, A.R., Fox, P.T., Eickhoff, S.B., Yu, C. Jiang, T. The Human Brainnetome Atlas: A New Brain Atlas Based on Connectional Architecture. Cerebral Cortex, 26 (8): 3508-3526,(2016)
2)Eo, J., Kang, J., Youn, T., Park, H.J. Neuropharmacological computational analysis of longitudinal electroencephalograms in clozapine-treated patients with schizophrenia using hierarchical dynamic causal modeling. Neuroimage, 120161.(2023)
ANTI DIABETIC PERIPHERAL NEUROPATHY OF RED FRUIT (PANDANUS CONOIDES LAMK) OIL IN A RAT MODEL: INVOLVEMENT OF OXIDATIVE AND NEUROINFLAMMATORY PATHWAYS
Authors: Anggadiredja *Kusnandar , Lestari Indah Tri , Garmana Afrillia Nuryanti , Utami Ratna Annisa 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is the most common cause of neuropathy worldwide, with oxidative and inflammatory being the pathways involved. Red fruit (Pandanus conoides Lamk) is a plant native to Papua, Indonesia. Red fruit oil (RFO) is known to have potent antioxidant and antiinflammatory activities.

Aims and Objective
To evaluate the effects of RFO in a rat model of streptozotocin-induced diabetic neuropathy.

Methods
Male Wistar rats were induced with 55 mg/kg streptozotocin intraperioteally. Rats with fasting blood glucose &gt;200 mg/dL were assigned into groups treated with vehicle, pregabalin, and 0.3, 0.6, or 1.2 mL/kg RFO, respectively. Treatments were given for 3 weeks after a 6-week induction period was completed. Neuropathic pain was evaluated by thermal hyperalgesia testing. Histopathological changes of sciatic the nerve were evaluated by the Gaussian adaptive threshold method. Feed and drinking intake, blood glucose levels, body weight, and the sciatic nerve proinflammatory cytokines were also measured.

Results
There were increases in blood glucose levels, feed and drink intake, MDA, TNF-alfa, IL-6, iNOS, NFkB and the number of damaged nerve cells in the DPN rat model when compared with normal rats (p&lt;0.05). Decreased weight, number of pancreatic B cells, latency time of thermal hyperalgesia were also observed in DPN rats. A decrease in NRF2 and HO was observed in DPN rats but was not different compared with the normal group. RFO improved blood glucose, feed and drink intake, body weight, MDA and IL-6 levels, B-cell counts, the sciatic nerve presentation, and thermal hyperalgesia, although they did not return to normal value. Pregabalin did not affect blood glucose levels, body weight or pancreatic B cells but improved thermal hyperalgesia, the nerve cell counts, TNF-alfa, iNOS, IL-6, dan NFkB.

Discussion and Conclusion
Overall, results of the present work indicate that RFO recovers DPN through the involvement of the oxidative and neuroiflammatory pathways.

References
1.leazu CO, Eleazu KC, Chukwuma S, Essien UN. Review of the mechanism of cell death resulting from streptozotocin challenge in experimental animals, its practical use and potential risk to humans. J Diabetes Metab Disord. 2013;12(1):60.
2.Hiramoto K, Ohkawa T, Oikawa N, Kikugawa K. Is nitric oxide (NO) an antioxidant or a prooxidant for lipid peroxidation? Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo). 2003;51(9):1046-50.
3.Schirra C, Xia N, Schü ffler A, Heck A, Hasselwander S, Fö rstermann U, Li H. Phosphorylation and activation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase by red fruit (Pandanus conoideus Lam) oil and its fractions. J Ethnopharmacol. 2020;251:112534.
CYCLIC NUCLEOTIDE PHOSPHODIESTERASE 2: A NOVEL TARGET FOR THE TREATMENT OF DEMENTIAS ASSOCIATED WITH ALZHEIMER’ S DISEASE
Authors: Xu *Ying 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
The failure to find effective therapies in the past two decades underscores the challenge and the urgent need for identifying novel targets against Alzheimer's disease (AD). Cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase 2 (PDE2) is a "druggable target" which has more advantage than currently developed PDE4 and PDE5 inhibitors due to fewer side effects.

Aims & Objectives
The overall objective of this proposal is to investigate the role of PDE2 in mediating mitochondrial dysfunction and neurodegeneration, which should provide the rationale for future research toward developing potential PDE2 inhibitor, particularly mitochondrial PDE2 inhibitor, for the treatment of AD/ADRD.

Methods
The forebrain PDE2 conditional knockout (PDE2 cKO) mice were crossed with APP/PS1 mice which were routinely generated in our laboratory to investigate the role of PDE2 in mediating mitochondrial dysfunction and neurodegeneration. A functional PDE2A2 conditional knockout mouse model was also used where all PDE2A isoforms were knockout but re-expressed full length PDE2A2 (f2A2). They were crossed with AD mouse models to determine whether mitochondrial defects and AD- related deficits were alleviated. In addition, hippocampal neuronal cells were cultured to explore how aberrant PDE2A signaling mediated Aβ-induced mitochondrial deficits in vitro.

Results
Immunoblot analysis showed that decreased PDE2 expression in the hippocampus of APP/PS1 mice (APS) crossed with PDE2 cKO mice (APS/2KO) along with increased cAMP/cGMP and pDLP1 levels. While amyloid plaque loads as detected by thioflavin-S staining were significantly reduced in both the hippocampus and cortex of the APS/2KO vs. APS mice. Importantly, APS/2KO mice demonstrated improved cognitive function in both male and female mice as measured by the novel object recognition (NOR) test. Further study showed that the increased dendritic lengths and spine density in the APS/2KO mice were reversed by functional PDE2A2 knockin in the forebrain. These results were consistent with the in vitro findings that suggested that PDE2A2 is sufficient to be responsible for mitochondrial cAMP/cGMP signaling in the hippocampal neuronal cells. The in vitro study showed that aberrant PDE2A2 signaling is responsible for regulation of/cGMP mediated Abeta 42-induced mitochondrial deficits.

Discussion &Conclusion
The in vivo studies were consistent with the in vitro findings that suggested that aberrant PDE2A2 mediated Abeta 42-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and neuronal deficits. This provides a means to causally link target engagement of PDE2A2 in mitochondria to its effects on brain function and behavior in AD mouse models. This study likely paves the way for future drug development of PDE2 inhibitors, particularly for the mitochondrial PDE2A2 isoform, as novel therapeutics for AD/ADRD.
ASSOCIATION OF SERUM NARDILYSIN VARIABILITY WITH TREATMENT RESPONSE IN DEPRESSED PATIENTS
Authors: Sudou *Satoshi , Sumi Yukiyoshi , Kaminishi Yuki , Isomura Sadaaki , Fujii Kumiko , Yoshimura Atsushi , Ono Mikiko , Nishi Eiichiro , Ozeki Yuji 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
The cause of depression is still unknown, and no biological markers for pathophysiology or therapeutic response have been found. Nardilysin(NRDC) is a type of metalloendopeptidase that is associated with neurodevelopment, and comprehensive analysis of plasma proteins suggests that it may be a potential biological marker for depression. In the present study, we investigated the variation of NRDC in depressed patients treated with antidepressants and electroconvulsive therapy (ECT). The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Shiga University of Medical Science.

Aims & Objectives
To search for biological markers of depression.

Methods
15 depressed patients (11 females, mean age 63.2±15.5 years) admitted to the Department of Psychiatry, Shiga University of Medical Science were included in the study. All patients were treated with antidepressants, and 8 of them (6 females, mean age 60.5±17.2 years) were treated with ECT. Serum NRDC, depressive symptoms (assessed by MADRS), and antidepressant dose (imipramine-equivalent dose (IED, mg/day)) at admission and 6 weeks after admission and at discharge were investigated. The correlation between serum NRDC changes at admission and at 6 weeks (ratio of serum NRDC values at 6 weeks and at admission), treatment response (difference in MADRS scores at 6 weeks and at admission), and IEDs at admission and at discharge were analyzed.

Results
MADRS at admission and 6 weeks in 15 patients were 27.7±6.6 and 15.2±6.2, respectively; serum NRDC levels were 1224±746 and 901±279 pg/mL, respectively; and IED at admission and discharge were 123±143 and 142±116 mg/day. MADRS at 6 weeks was significantly lower than admission significantly decreased compared to MADRS (t=4.64, p&lt;0.001). A positive correlation (Spearman's ρ=0.54, p=0.038) was found between changes in serum NRDC levels at admission and at 6 weeks and treatment response. On the other hand, there was no significant correlation between IEDs at admission and discharge, serum NRDC and its fluctuation at admission and 6 weeks, and treatment response.

Discussion
In the treatment of depression, the greater the percentage decrease in serum NRDC from admission to 6 weeks, the greater the decrease in MADRS. Although the number of cases was small, the results suggest that serum NRDC levels may be a potential biological marker for depression treatment.
EFFECTIVENESS AND SAFETY OF BLONANSERIN FOR IMPROVING SOCIAL AND COGNITIVE FUNCTIONS IN PATIENTS WITH FIRST-EPISODE SCHIZOPHRENIA
Authors: Gao *Tianqi , Pu Chengcheng , Li Haiyun , Yu Xin 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Schizophrenia is a severe and chronic mental disorder affecting approximately 0.5%-1% of the global population. Patients often experience significant impairments or poor in social functioning, which leads to a diminished quality of life. Therefore, improving social functioning has become one of the important targets for intervention.

Aims and Objectives
This prospective, multi-centre, single-arm clinical trial aimed to investigate the effects of blonanserin on social and neurocognitive functioning in patients with first-episode schizophrenia.

Method
Blonanserin treatment (flexible oral dose ranging from 8 - 24 mg/d) was administered for 26 weeks. Outcome measures included the Personal and Social Performance (PSP) scale for evaluating social functioning, the Measurement and Treatment Research to Improve Cognition in Schizophrenia Consensus Cognitive Battery (MCCB) for measuring neurocognitive performance, and the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) for assessing symptom severity. Incidence of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) were also recorded and analysed.

Results
A total of 96 patients with first-episode schizophrenia were recruited and proceeded to analysis. Following 26 weeks of blonanserin treatment, all outcome measurements demonstrated significant improvement during the follow-up period. Notably, PSP scores exhibited a continuous increase of 68.1% ± 103.73% (46.8±14.47 at baseline, 69.4±17.40 at week 26, p&lt;0.001), indicating positive effects on social functioning that were already noticeable by week 8. Neurocognitive impairment evaluated by MCCB Global Deficit Score (GDS), showed significant improvement (1.6±1.1 at baseline, 1.3±0.9 at week-26, p=0.007). Moreover, PANSS scores consistently decreased, with an overall average reduction of 40.0% ± 18.41% (85.6±13.53 at baseline, 51.3±15.49 at week 26, p&lt;0.001). Impressively, the minimal response to blonanserin treatment was evident as early as week 2. 245 cases of ADRs occurred in 79 (82.3%) patients in this study, with nervous system disorders being the most frequent ADRs (87 cases in 64 (66.7%) patients). Most ADRs relevant to blonanserin treatment were mild to moderate.

Discussion & Conclusion
By intricately modulating both dopamine D2/3 and serotonin 5-HT2A receptor subtypes within the brain, blonanserin targets key elements that are widely recognized to play a crucial role in the pathophysiology of the disorder. In this study, blonanserin treatment exhibited favourable effects on social functioning, neurocognitive performance and symptom severity in individuals with first-episode schizophrenia. And it was also well tolerated. These compelling findings highlight the potential of blonanserin as a viable option for patients with schizophrenia encountering functional and neurocognitive impairment.
THE EFFICACY OF METFORMIN IN COUNTERACTING OLANZAPINE- INDUCED HYPERPROLACTINEMIA: AN OPEN-LABEL PROSPECTIVE STUDY
Authors: Lu *Mong-Liang , Goh Kah Kheng , Wu Tzu-Hua , Chen Chun-Hsin 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Prolactin elevation, resulting from dopamine D2 receptor antagonism, is a common side effect of antipsychotic medications. Olanzapine, an atypical antipsychotic drug, offers enhanced clinical efficacy and fewer side effects compared to typical antipsychotic drugs. Nevertheless, some studies suggest that olanzapine may still lead to an increase in prolactin levels.

Aims & Objectives
Our study aimed to explore the potential of metformin in managing olanzapine- induced hyperprolactinemia in patients with schizophrenia.

Method
A prospective study was designed to investigate the changes in prolactin levels over an eight- week metformin treatment. We enrolled thirty-one patients with schizophrenia who had been on olanzapine treatment for at least three months. These participants were initiated on metformin therapy at 1500 mg/day for eight weeks. Prolactin levels and metabolic parameters were assessed at baseline and at weeks 2, 4, 6, and 8 of the study.

Results
Results indicated a significant reduction in prolactin levels following eight weeks of metformin treatment, particularly in patients with elevated baseline prolactin levels. Insulin, glucose, and triglyceride levels, as well as insulin resistance, significantly decreased after metformin treatment. No significant gender differences were observed regarding the impact of metformin on prolactin levels and metabolic variables.

Discussion & Conclusion
This study underscores metformin's potential to address antipsychotic-induced side effects, paving the way for further research on its long-term efficacy in managing hyperprolactinemia in patients with psychiatric disorders.
High prevalence of ceftriaxone-resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae in Hanoi, Vietnam, 2023-2024
Authors: Laumen Jolein Gyonne Elise , Hieu Vu N , Nhung Pham H , Vandelannoote Koen , Tam Nguyen Thi , Trang Nguyen T , Diep Nguyen T N , Kesteman Thomas , van Doorn Rogier H , Chau Tran M , Adamson Paul C 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Ceftriaxone resistance in Neisseria gonorrhoeae is an escalating global health concern, threatening the efficacy of empiric treatment. In the Asia-Pacific region, a rapid surge in ceftriaxone resistance has been observed, primarily associated with the penA-60.001 allele. This study, conducted in Hanoi, Vietnam between 2023 and 2024, analyzed 352 N. gonorrhoeae isolates and found a 27% prevalence of ceftriaxone resistance. Whole-genome sequencing identified that resistance was predominantly driven by the mosaic penA-237.001 allele, with a smaller contribution from penA-60.001. The high prevalence of resistance and the emergence of new alleles underscore the urgent threat to ceftriaxone as an empiric treatment option.
Urine Metabolites of Suspected Community-Acquired Pneumonia
Authors: Ambroggio Lilliam , Florin Todd A , Williamson Kayla , Bosma Grace , Wagner Brandie D , Yeomans Larisa , Kim Jae Hyun , Sucharew Heidi , Macaluso Maurizio , Ruddy Richard M , Stringer Kathleen A , Shah Samir S 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Accurate diagnosis of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) can be challenging. Clinical findings are non-specific, and interpretations of chest radiographs have poor inter-rater reliability. Pilot studies demonstrate the potential for metabolomics to identify metabolite concentrations that differentiate children with CAP from those without. The objective of this study was to expand these findings in a large cohort of children with CAP compared with controls.

Methods
Urine was collected from children, 3 months to 12 years old, with emergency department visits for suspected CAP and community-based controls. Nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry was used to identify and quantify metabolites. A random forest approach developed three models discriminating cases from community-based controls based on: 1) clinical signs and symptoms; 2) metabolites, and 3) the combination of both. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was computed for each model.

Results
Included were 253 cases and 122 controls. The metabolite-only model had similar discriminatory ability as the combination model (AUC: 0.97 and 0.99, respectively). The discriminating metabolites in the metabolite-only model were 2-aminobutyrate, fumarate, hypoxanthine, acetone, leucine, quinolinate, valine, O-acetylcarnitine, citrate and trigonelline. In the combined model, discriminatory clinical factors included receipt of corticosteroids, fever, cough, rapid breathing, decreased oral intake, difficulty breathing, receipt of albuterol, abnormal sleepiness, vomiting and wheezing, and included five additional metabolites compared to the metabolite only model (4-hydroxybenzoate, isoleucine, carnitine, 2-hydroxyisovalerate, betaine, succinate).

Conclusions
Urine metabolite concentrations can accurately discriminate healthy children from children with suspected CAP. Metabolites associated with CAP may overcome limitations of prior diagnostic approaches.
SMBH binary candidate PKS J2134−0153: possible multi-band periodic variability and inter-band time lags
Authors: Ren Guo-Wei , Sun Mouyuan , Ding Nan , Yang Xing , Zhang Zhi-Xiang 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT
Studying the periodic flux-variation behaviour of blazars is vital for probing supermassive black hole binaries and the kinematics of relativistic jets. In this work, we report the detection of multi-band possible periodic variations of the blazar PKS J2134−0153, including infrared ($1.6(\pm 0.4)\times 10^3$ day) and optical ($1.8(\pm 1)\times 10^3$ day) wavelengths. The periods in the infrared and optical bands are statistically consistent with the period in the radio band ($P_{\mathrm{Radio}} = 1760\pm 33$ days, obtained from our previous work). Moreover, flux variations in different bands are correlated with evident inter-band time delays, and the time lags of infrared and optical emission with respect to radio emission are $(3.3\pm 2.3)\times 10^{2}$ days and $(3.0\pm 2.3)\times 10^{2}$ days, respectively. The cross-correlations indicate a common origin of radio, infrared, and optical emission. The relative positions between emission regions of infrared and optical emission and radio emission are estimated according to the time lags, i.e. $0.37\pm 0.26$ and $0.33\pm 0.26$ pc. The relative distances seem to be quantitatively consistent with the theoretical prediction.
Clinical and Mental Health Characteristics Among Patients Receiving Medications for OUD Treatment vs High-Dose Opioids When Referred for Pain Management
Authors: Yang Jie , Giummarra Melita , Picco Louisa , Arnold Carolyn , Nielsen Suzanne 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Objective
To examine the demographic and clinical characteristics of patients attending pain management services who were receiving opioid agonist treatment (ie, methadone or buprenorphine for the treatment of opioid use disorder) in comparison to those taking prescription opioid analgesics in oral morphine equivalent daily doses at low (&lt;40 mg) and high doses (&gt;100 mg) using a national database from the electronic Persistent Pain Outcomes Collaboration (ePPOC) in Australia.

Design
A cross-sectional study.

Setting
Australian pain services.

Subjects
Adult patients referred to Australian pain service clinics between 2016 and 2021.

Methods
Multinomial and bivariate logistic regression models were conducted to compare the demographic and clinical characteristics of patients on opioid agonist treatment and those taking other prescription opioid analgesics.

Results
Among 42,182 participants, most were female (56.8%), with a mean age of 51.7 years. People on opioid agonist treatment (n = 1,016) and high-dose opioids (n = 7,122) were similar in that they both had more severe mental health symptoms and longer pain duration, compared with the low-dose group (n = 20,517). Compared to the high-dose group, people on opioid agonist treatment had reduced odds of reporting more severe pain intensity, but increased odds of having multimorbidity, more severe anxiety and pain catastrophising thoughts.

Conclusions
These findings highlight the need for mental health treatment and the necessity of tailored multidisciplinary pain management for people in opioid agonist treatment.