bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Recent development of photoresponsive materials toward 3D printing: From materials to application
Authors: Du Beibei , He Yunfei , Shen Mingyao , Hu Zhixuan , Fu Wendi , Zou Jindou , Huang Rongjuan , Yu Tao 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe rapid development of 3D printing has achieved considerable progress in architecture innovation, optical advancements, energy systems, dental care, pharmaceutical delivery, and personalized medical treatments. Nevertheless, the current technology of 3D printing is still limited to a single function. In recent years, the combination of photoresponsive materials and additive manufacturing has become a booming area for achieving intelligent photoresponsive 3D structures and stimulus‐responsive devices. By incorporating photoresponsive materials, 3D‐printed structures can change their shapes or colors under external stimuli. It is expected that the connection of photoresponsive materials and smart 3D printing will contribute to the development of adaptive camouflage, data retention, and molecular robotics. In this review, we summarize and discuss the current development of photoresponsive materials used in 3D printing, with an emphasis on photochromic materials, photodeformable materials, and photothermal materials. Additionally, the differences in the applications of these materials in 3D printing are compared. Finally, the current challenges and perspectives in the development of photoresponsive materials for additive manufacturing are also discussed.
Dry, drier, driest: Differentiating flow patterns across a gradient of intermittency
Authors: Kelly Benjamin T. , Bruckerhoff Lindsey A. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIntermittent streams exhibit regular patterns of drying and are widespread, but the patterns of drying among streams within geographic proximity are not fully understood. We compared annual patterns of flow and drying among 10 intermittent streams within a single drainage basin and assessed how traditional hydrologic metrics described variation between streams. We installed stream intermittency sensors and evaluated stage height using low‐cost methods and evaluated landscape factors as potential drivers of flow patterns. Intermittent streams varied based on both high‐ and low‐flow metrics, driven by a variety of landscape‐level factors, especially watershed size. Additionally, we compared the observed flow regimes within our system with predictions generated using an established Soil and Water Assessment Tool, finding that modeled streamflow patterns generally underrepresented observed drying within the system.
Hydropeaking mitigation with re‐regulation reservoirs
Authors: Mchayk Ali , Marttila Hannu , Klöve Björn , Torabi Haghighi Ali 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe role of hydropower as a renewable and balancing power source is expected to increase in a Net Zero Emissions by 2050 scenario. As a common phenomenon in hydropower plants, hydropeaking will become more prominent, resulting in additional stresses on the ecological status of rivers. Here we propose a novel approach to design and operate auxiliary reservoirs called re‐regulation reservoirs (RRR) that aim to mitigate the adverse impacts of hydropeaking on rivers. A re‐regulation reservoir aims at smoothing flow fluctuations caused by hydropeaking by diverting and retaining parts of high flows and returning them back to river corridors during low flows. Using actual data from a hydropeaking‐influenced river system, the operation and efficiency of potential reservoirs have been investigated. An open‐access algorithm was developed to analyze the influence of the reservoirs to mitigate hydropeaking, considering peak and minimum flow and up‐ and down‐ramping rates. The findings illustrate that, in most cases, the required reservoir volume increases as the flow thresholds become more stringent. Nonetheless, several exceptions were observed, where larger reservoir volumes were required compared with cases with more stringent thresholds. These findings highlight the importance of understanding the impact of flow adjustments, while carefully considering the river regime, sub‐daily flow patterns, and unique characteristics of the river's ecosystem. Our approach shows theoretical possibilities for regulating hydropeaking and provides a basis for optimizing re‐regulation reservoirs, contributing to practical and adaptable strategies for sustainable hydropower management without increasing the operational cost of power systems.
On connectivity in random graph models with limited dependencies
Authors: Lengler Johannes , Martinsson Anders , Petrova Kalina , Schnider Patrick , Steiner Raphael , Weber Simon , Welzl Emo 
Published: April 2024

AbstractWe consider random graph models in which the events describing the inclusion of potential edges have to be independent of each other if the corresponding edges are non‐adjacent and ask: what is the minimum probability , such that for any distribution (in this model) on graphs with vertices in which each potential edge has a marginal probability of being present at least , a graph drawn from is connected with non‐zero probability? The answer to this question is sensitive to the formalization of the independence condition. We introduce a strict hierarchy of five conditions, which give rise to at least three different functions . For each condition, we provide upper and lower bounds for . For the strongest condition, the coloring model, we show that for . In contrast, for the weakest condition, pairwise independence, we show that lies within of the threshold for completely arbitrary distributions.
Neural Tracing Protein‐Functionalized Nanoparticles Capable of Fast Retrograde Axonal Transport in Live Neurons
Authors: Wang Wenqian , Hassan Md. Musfizur , Kapoor‐Kaushik Natasha , Livni Lital , Musrie Benjamin , Tang Jianbo , Mahmud Zaheri , Lai Saluo , Wich Peter Richard , Ananthanarayanan Vaishnavi , Moalem‐Taylor Gila , Mao Guangzhao 
Published: April 2024

AbstractNeural tracing proteins like horseradish peroxidase‐conjugated wheat germ agglutinin (WGA‐HRP) can target the central nervous system (CNS) through anatomic retrograde transport without crossing the blood–brain barrier (BBB). Conjugating WGA‐HRP to nanoparticles may enable the creation of BBB‐bypassing nanomedicine. Microfluidics and two‐photon confocal microscopy is applied to screen nanocarriers for transport efficacy and gain mechanistic insights into their interactions with neurons. Protein modification of gold nanoparticles alters their cellular uptake at the axonal terminal and activates fast retrograde transport. Trajectory analysis of individual endosomes carrying the nanoparticles reveals a run‐and‐pause pattern along the axon with endosomes carrying WGA‐HRP‐conjugated gold nanoparticles exhibiting longer run duration and faster instantaneous velocity than those carrying nonconjugated nanoparticles. The results offer a mechanistic explanation of the different axonal transport dynamics as well as a cell‐based functional assay of neuron‐targeted nanoparticles with the goal of developing BBB‐bypassing nanomedicine for the treatment of nervous system disorders.
Certificate of Need and the labor market
Authors: Bae Kihwan , Bailey James 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThirty‐five U.S. states currently have Certificate‐of‐Need (CON) laws, which require health care providers to prove their “economic necessity” to a state board before they can legally open or expand. While dozens of articles have evaluated the effect of CON on hospitals and consumers, no published article has evaluated its effect on health care workers. We argue that the sign of the effect of CON on both the wages and employment is theoretically ambiguous. We conduct an empirical analysis of CON laws using 1979–2019 data from the Current Population Survey. We find that CON does not significantly affect the employment or wages of health care workers.
Introduction
Authors: Shao Haibing , Wang Ju , Schäfer Thorsten , Zhang Chun-Liang , Geckeis Horst , Nagel Thomas , Düsterloh Uwe , Kolditz Olaf , Shao Hua 
Published: April 2024

AbstractFor the disposal of high-level radioactive waste in deep geological formations, different host rocks (rock salt, crystalline and clay rock) are investigated internationally.
Arbeitspaket 1: Monitoring der gesellschaftlichen Akzeptanz der Nutztierhaltung
Authors: Christoph-Schulz Inken , Faletar Ivica , Hartmann Monika , Kenning Peter , Luy Jörg , Mergenthaler Marcus , Roosen Jutta , Spiller Achim , von Meyer-Höfer Marie 
Published: April 2024

ZusammenfassungZiel des ersten Arbeitspakets (AP 1) von SocialLab II war der Aufbau eines Monitorings zu Rahmenbedingungen, die Einfluss auf die Entwicklung der gesellschaftlichen Kritik und Akzeptanz der landwirtschaftlichen Nutztierhaltung haben. Basierend auf Ergebnissen von SocialLab I (Christoph-Schulz et al., 2018) ging es um die Etablierung einer langfristig durchzuführenden Längsschnittstudie. Das Monitoring wurde online mit insgesamt 4 Befragungswellen und repräsentativen Stichproben von Verbraucherinnen und Verbrauchern durchgeführt, aufgebaut bzw. getestet. Darüber hinaus wurden landwirtschaftliche Betriebe sowie der Lebensmittelhandel befragt. So konnte ein Befragungstool entwickelt und validiert werden, welches es dem BMEL zukünftig ermöglicht, in regelmäßigen Abständen Erhebungen zu folgenden, in der gesellschaftlichen Debatte um die Weiterentwicklung der landwirtschaftlichen Nutztierhaltung wichtigen Themenkomplexen, durchzuführen.
Strong solutions to McKean–Vlasov SDEs with coefficients of Nemytskii type: the time-dependent case
Authors: Grube Sebastian 
Published: April 2024

AbstractWe consider a large class of nonlinear FPKEs with coefficients of Nemytskii type depending explicitly on time and space, for which it is known that there exists a sufficiently Sobolev-regular Schwartz-distributional solution $$u\in L^1\cap L^\infty $$

u
∈

L
1

∩

L
∞

. We show that there exists a unique strong solution to the associated McKean–Vlasov SDE with time marginal law densities u. In particular, every weak solution of this equation with time marginal law densities u can be written as a functional of the driving Brownian motion. Moreover, plugging any Brownian motion into this very functional produces a weak solution with time marginal law densities u.
Advancing pain management for extremity trauma: the evolution of ultrasound-guided nerve blocks for patients in the supine position in trauma centers
Authors: Huaguo Yuefeng , Kang Shuai , Hu Li , Zhou Hongmei 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Trauma, particularly extremity trauma, poses a considerable challenge in healthcare, especially among young adults. Given the severity of patient pain and the risks associated with excessive opioid use, managing acute pain in trauma centers is inherently complex. This study aims to investigate the application and benefits of ultrasound-guided nerve blocks for early pain management in patients with extremity trauma positioned supine.

Methods
A comprehensive literature review was conducted to assess the effectiveness and advantages of ultrasound-guided peripheral nerve blocks in the acute pain management of extremity trauma patients in the supine position. Special emphasis was placed on evaluating the selection criteria, indications, contraindications, adverse reactions, and potential complications associated with these nerve block techniques.

Results
Ultrasound-guided nerve blocks represent a safer and more precise option for managing pain in extremity trauma patients placed in the supine position. These techniques offer significant advantages in terms of reducing healthcare expenses, diminishing reliance on opioid medications, and mitigating opioid-related complications. Nonetheless, challenges may arise due to the necessity for patient cooperation during specific nerve block procedures.

Conclusion
Ultrasound-guided nerve blocks present a promising avenue for early pain management in extremity trauma patients positioned supinely. Their implementation can lead to improved patient outcomes by alleviating pain severity, reducing opioid consumption, and cutting down healthcare costs. Further research and clinical integration of these techniques is imperative to enhance pain management protocols in trauma centers.
Inconclusiveness of psychometric testing of medication adherence questionnaires
Authors: Arnet Isabelle , Eickhoff Christiane , Sahm Laura J , Caloz Sabine , Mittag Michael , Schulz Martin , Allemann Samuel S 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Purpose
To propose a paradigm change for the validation procedures of medication adherence questionnaires.

Methods
A total of 121 validation procedures of unique questionnaires for medication adherence were analyzed.

Results
“Construct validity” and “internal consistency” were most often assessed, and test results varied largely. A more in-depth analysis indicated that the assessment of medication non-adherence included distinct but related constructs, such as the extent to which doses are missed, and the attempt to identify different facets of medication-taking behavior. Consequently, each construct requires a different measurement approach with different psychometric tests for establishing its validity and reliability.

Conclusion
Results show that assessing the validity and reliability of adherence questionnaires with standard procedures including statistical tests is inconclusive. Refinement of the constructs of non-adherence is needed in pharmacy and medical practice. We suggest a distinction between the (i) extent of missed doses over the past 2 weeks, (ii) modifiable reasons for non-adherence behavior, and (iii) unmodifiable factors of non-adherence. Validation procedures and corresponding statistical methods should be selected according to the specific single constructs.
The Preservation of Umbilical Blood Supply in Combined Ventral Hernia Repair and Abdominoplasty: A Narrative Review
Authors: Chua Marcel , Seth Ishith , Tobin Vicky , Kaplan Elan , Rozen Warren Matthew 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Introduction
Combined ventral hernia repair and abdominoplasty treat risk factors such as high body mass index and weak abdominal musculature, providing excellent intraoperative exposure and improved patient outcomes. Unfortunately, a combination of traditional procedures is unfeasible as the umbilical blood supply would be compromised, leading to increased umbilical necrosis risk. This narrative review aimed to identify new techniques and solidify evidence in preserving umbilical blood supply and associated level of evidence.

Methods
Two authors conducted a thorough literature search on PubMed, Scopus and Cochrane CENTRAL databases from January 1901 to July 2023, adhering to the methodologies of the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses. Studies were reviewed for their surgical technique and quality of evidence. The primary outcomes of interest consisted of umbilical complications of this combined procedure.

Results
Six techniques were identified that included laparoscopic, pre-rectus, unilateral, distal bilateral, proximal bilateral, and inferior midline approaches. All techniques demonstrated as viable options in preserving umbilical blood supply as reported complications were few, minor, and compounded by risk factors. However, all included techniques were limited to low-to-moderate-quality evidence.

Conclusion
Despite the lack of high-quality evidence, all techniques remain viable options for combined ventral hernia repair and abdominoplasty. Large-scale high-quality RCTs are required to compare the effectiveness of various approaches with additional outcomes of hernia recurrence rates, intraoperative time, and patient- and surgeon-reported satisfaction.

Level of Evidence IV
This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266.
Efficacy of electroacupuncture therapy in patients with functional anorectal pain: study protocol for a multicenter randomized controlled trial
Authors: Xue Yahong , Zhou Huifen , Zeng Yusha , Wang Chen , Yang Yun , Wang Xiaopeng , He Zongqi , Yao Yibo , Wang Xiaofeng , Fan Zhimin 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
Some Chinese scholars have initially explored the efficacy of electroacupuncture at Baliao acupoint in patients with functional anorectal pain (FAP). However, their studies are performed in a single center, or the sample size is small. Therefore, we aim to further explore the efficacy of electroacupuncture at Baliao acupoint on the treatment of FAP.

Methods
In this multicenter randomized controlled trial, 136 eligible FAP patients will be randomly allocated into an electroacupuncture group or sham electroacupuncture group at a 1:1 ratio. This trial will last for 34 weeks, with 2 weeks of baseline, 4 weeks and 8 weeks of treatment, and 1, 3, and 6 months of follow-up. Outcome assessors and statisticians will be blind. The primary outcome will be clinical treatment efficacy, and secondary outcomes will be pain days per month, quality of life, psychological state assessment, anorectal manometry, pelvic floor electromyography, and patient satisfaction.

Discussion
Results of this trial will be contributed to further clarify the value of electroacupuncture at Baliao acupoint as a treatment for FAP in the clinic.

Trial registration
This trial has been registered in Chinese Clinical Trial Registry https://www.chictr.org.cn/ (ChiCTR2300069757) on March 24, 2023.
Multi-stage ultrahigh temperature metamorphism in the lower crust of the Kaapvaal craton recorded by U–Pb ages of garnet
Authors: Shu Q. , Beranoaguirre A. , Albert R. , Millonig L. J. , Walters J. B. , Marschall H. R. , Gerdes A. , Hoefer H. E. , Hezel D. , Brey G. P. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractU–Pb ages were determined by split-stream LA-SF/MC-ICPMS in garnets from UHT granulite xenoliths (Star mine, South Africa; 124 Ma). They give a considerable age range of 400 million years with well-defined maximas at 3.09, 3.01 and 2.75 Ga. The oldest peak overlaps with the changeover from tonalites to K-granites at 3.14–3.04 Ga and with zircon ages of the mid-crustal granulites of the Vredefort dome (3.1 Ga) in the wake of the 3.2 Ga collision of three terrains that compose the Witwatersrand block. Subduction (or sagduction) of the uppermost crust in an ultrahot orogen setting brought shales and greenstones to the lower crust. Ultrahigh temperature (UHT) conditions are the result of high mantle potential temperatures and self- heating by the radioactive inventory of the subducted lithologies. Metamorphism, anatexis to very high degrees and melt extraction left UHT granulites as residue. Rejuvenation of UHT conditions was brought about by Dominion Group magmatism between 3.0 and 2.95 Ga. Magmatic uprise caused intense shearing in the lower crust followed by recrystallisation of the shear zones to generate the younger garnet age group. Ventersdorp flood basalt volcanism caused similar processes at around 2.72 Ga and generated the third garnet age group. Zircon gives U–Pb ages mainly around 2.72 Ga (both literature and our own data) i.e. zircon adjusted or newly crystallized at the youngest UHT event. Only few zircon grains retained older ages up to 2.94 Ga. Still unconstrained, but very high closure temperatures (≥ 1100 °C) for the U–Pb system in garnet keep the memory of the oldest ages in UHT granulites. Such ages can only be reset by recrystallization. This way, garnet records a prolonged high-temperature history of the lower crust of the Kaapvaal craton.
A comparison study of dynamic [18F]Alfatide II imaging and [11C]MET in orthotopic rat models of glioblastoma
Authors: Pan Yue , Dang Haodan , Zhou Haoxi , Fu Huaping , Wu Shina , Liu Huanhuan , Zhang Jinming , Wang Ruimin , Tian Yuan , Xu Baixuan 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Purpose
To investigate and compare the dynamic positron emission tomography (PET) imaging with [18F]Alfatide II Imaging and [11C]Methionine ([11C]MET) in orthotopic rat models of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), and to assess the utility of [18F]Alfatide II in detecting and evaluating neoangiogenesis in GBM.

Methods
[18F]Alfatide II and [11C]MET were injected into the orthotopic GBM rat models (n = 20, C6 glioma cells), followed by dynamic PET/MR scans 21 days after surgery of tumor implantation. On the PET image with both radiotracers, the MRI-based volume-of-interest (VOI) was manually delineated encompassing glioblastoma. Time-activity curves were expressed as tumor-to-normal brain ratio (TNR) parameters and PET pharmacokinetic modeling (PKM) performed using 2-tissue-compartment models (2TCM). Immunofluorescent staining (IFS), western blotting and blocking experiment of tumor tissue were performed for the validation.

Results
Compared to 11C-MET, [18F]Alfatide II presented a persistent accumulation in the tumor, albeit with a slightly lower SUVmean of 0.79 ± 0.25, and a reduced uptake in the contralateral normal brain tissue, respectively. This resulted in a markedly higher tumor-to-normal brain ratio (TNR) of 18.22 ± 1.91. The time–activity curve (TACs) showed a significant increase in radioactive uptake in tumor tissue, followed by a plateau phase up to 60 min for [18F]Alfatide II (time to peak:255 s) and 40 min for [11C]MET (time to peak:135 s) post injection. PKM confirmed significantly higher K1 (0.23/0.07) and K3 (0.26/0.09) in the tumor region compared to the normal brain with [18F]Alfatide II. Compared to [11C]MET imaging, PKM confirmed both significantly higher K1/K2 (1.24 ± 0.79/1.05 ± 0.39) and K3/K4 (11.93 ± 4.28/3.89 ± 1.29) in the tumor region with [18F]Alfatide II. IFS confirmed significant expression of integrin and tumor vascularization in tumor region.

Conclusion
[18F]Alfatide II demonstrates potential in imaging tumor-associated neovascularization in the context of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), suggesting its utility as a tool for further exploration in neovascular characterization.
Average-case analysis of the Gaussian elimination with partial pivoting
Authors: Huang Han , Tikhomirov Konstantin 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe Gaussian elimination with partial pivoting (GEPP) is a classical algorithm for solving systems of linear equations. Although in specific cases the loss of precision in GEPP due to roundoff errors can be very significant, empirical evidence strongly suggests that for a typical square coefficient matrix, GEPP is numerically stable. We obtain a (partial) theoretical justification of this phenomenon by showing that, given the random $$n\times n$$

n
×
n

standard Gaussian coefficient matrix A, the growth factor of the Gaussian elimination with partial pivoting is at most polynomially large in n with probability close to one. This implies that with probability close to one the number of bits of precision sufficient to solve $$Ax = b$$

A
x
=
b

to m bits of accuracy using GEPP is $$m+O(\log n)$$

m
+
O
(
log
n
)

, which improves an earlier estimate $$m+O(\log ^2 n)$$

m
+
O
(

log
2

n
)

of Sankar, and which we conjecture to be optimal by the order of magnitude. We further provide tail estimates of the growth factor which can be used to support the empirical observation that GEPP is more stable than the Gaussian Elimination with no pivoting.