bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
HPLC analysis of a syrup containing nimesulide and its hydrolytic degradation product
Authors: Mokrý Milan , Klimeš Jiří , Pechová Jana 
Published: February 2010

AbstractThe present paper deals with the evaluation of nimesulide, 2-phenoxy-4-nitroaniline, the main hydrolytic degradation product of nimesulide, of methylparaben and propylparaben, and eventually of 4-hydroxybenzoic acid by HPLC with UV detection at 254 nm in syrup as a pharmaceutical formulation. HPLC analysis was employed on the reversed phase C18 with methanol and 0.01 M dibasic ammonium phosphate (ρ r = 60: 40, pH 4.0). Validation was performed using standards and a pharmaceutical preparation containing the compounds described above.
Synthesis, DNA binding, and antimicrobial studies of novel metal complexes containing a pyrazolone derivative Schiff base
Authors: Raman Natarajan , Jeyamurugan Ramaraj , Subbulakshmi Mariyyappan , Boominathan Raja , Yuvarajan Chithu 
Published: February 2010

AbstractA novel series of Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II), Zn(II), and VO(IV) complexes has been synthesized from the Schiff base derived from 4-[(3,4-dimethoxybenzylidene)amino]-1,5-dimethyl-2-phenyl-1,2-dihydropyrazol-3-one and 1,2-diaminobenzene. Structural features were determined by analytical and spectral techniques. Binding of synthesized complexes with calf thymus DNA (CT DNA) was studied by spectroscopic methods and viscosity measurements. Experimental results indicate that the complexes are able to form adducts with DNA and to distort the double helix by changing the base stacking. Lower DNA affinity of the VO(IV) complex is caused by the change of coordination geometry by the vanadyl ion resulting in a somewhat unfavorable configuration for the DNA binding. Oxidative DNA cleavage activities of the complexes were studied with supercoiled (SC) pUC19 DNA using gel electrophoresis; the mechanism studies revealed that the hydroxyl radical is likely to be the reactive species responsible for the cleavage of pUC19 DNA by the synthesized complexes. The in vitro antimicrobial screening effects of the investigated compounds were monitored by the disc diffusion method. The synthesized Schiff base complexes exhibit higher antimicrobial activity than the respective free Schiff base.
Synthesis of new antimicrobial 4-aminosubstituted 3-nitrocoumarins
Authors: Dekić Biljana , Dekić Vidoslav , Radulović Niko , Vukićević Rastko , Palić Radosav 
Published: February 2010

AbstractA series of new coumarin derivatives has been synthesized by condensation of 4-chloro-3-nitrocoumarin and the appropriate arylamine and sulfonamide in ethyl acetate in the presence of triethylamine. The synthesized compounds were screened for their in vitro antimicrobial activity against thirteen strains of bacteria and three fungal/yeast strains using disk diffusion assays. They were shown to possess a wide range of activities from almost completely inactive compounds to medium active ones. (4-[(5-Chloropyridin-2-yl)amino]-3-nitro-2H-chromen-2-one) showed similar activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae as tetracycline.
Application of extended NRTL equation for ternary liquid-liquid and vapor-liquid-liquid equilibria description
Authors: Steltenpohl Pavol , Graczová Elena 
Published: February 2010

AbstractSimulation of a hydrocarbons mixture separation by extractive distillation was based on binary vapor-liquid as well as liquid-liquid equilibrium data. Sulfolane was considered as extractive solvent for the selective toluene separation from a model mixture with heptane. For simulation of the chosen hydrocarbons mixture separation in the presence of an extractive solvent, the NRTL model was considered. A set of temperature-dependent binary NRTL parameters was evaluated independently by fitting the experimental vapor-liquid and liquid-liquid equilibrium data of the respective binary subsystems. In order to improve the description of the ternary vapor-liquid equilibrium, original NRTL model extended by the ternary contribution term was used. Parameters of the ternary contribution were obtained by direct fitting of available ternary liquid-liquid equilibrium data while employing the original binary NRTL parameters. Quality of the ternary vapor-liquid-liquid equilibrium description using the original and the extended excess Gibbs energy models was assessed by comparing the calculated compositions of conjugate liquid phases with experimental data. Using the extended NRTL model, mean deviation of the computed mole fractions decreased by approximately four times (9.73 × 10−3) compared to the value obtained using the original NRTL model. Both original and extended NRTL models were employed for the simulation of a model mixture separation by extractive distillation. At chosen experimental conditions, high purity distillate (x 1 > 0.999) was obtained. Results of the aromatics extractive distillation in the presence of sulfolane were compared to those obtained with N-methylpyrrolidone as the extractive solvent.
Maternal Psychopathology and Outcomes of a Residential Mother-Infant Intervention for Unsettled Infant Behaviour
Authors: Phillips Jane , Sharpe Louise , Nemeth Deborah 
Published: February 2010

Objective: Residential mother-infant intervention programmes for unsettled infant behaviour have been shown to be associated with positive child and maternal outcomes. Despite evidence of elevated rates of maternal psychopathology among residential unit populations, little is known about whether psychological disorders interfere with the effectiveness of such interventions. Method: Two cohorts (n = 104 and 147, respectively) were recruited from a residential mother-infant intervention programme for unsettled infant behaviour. In study 1, mothers completed self-report questionnaires measuring depression, anxiety and parenting stress at three time points (admission, 1 month after discharge and 3 months after discharge). In study 2, mothers were interviewed using a structured clinical interview for depressive and anxiety disorders. In both studies, nurses recorded infant behaviours over the duration of the 5 day admission using 24 h behaviour charts. Results: Study 1 showed the intervention to be associated with significant improvements in child behaviours and in levels of maternal depression, anxiety and parenting stress. These improvements were evident for women who scored above the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale threshold for major depression during the admission, as well as for women in the normal range. Study 2 confirmed that the intervention was associated with significant improvements in infant behaviours. Infants of mothers with a depressive or anxiety disorder were less unsettled on admission, but improvements over the course of the admission were comparable for infants of women who had, or had not, experienced an anxiety or depressive disorder during the admission. Conclusions: These results show positive infant and maternal outcomes associated with a residential mother-infant intervention for unsettled infant behaviour, regardless of the women's psychiatric status on admission. This suggests that women with depression or anxiety disorders who also report unsettled infant behaviour, will benefit from referral to residential programmes.
Clcn5Knockout Mice Exhibit Novel Immunomodulatory Effects and Are More Susceptible to Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Colitis
Authors: Alex Philip , Ye Mei , Zachos Nicholas C. , Sipes Jennifer , Nguyen Thuan , Suhodrev Maxim , Gonzales Liberty , Arora Zubin , Zhang Ting , Centola Michael , Guggino Sandra E. , Li Xuhang 
Published: February 2010

AbstractAlthough the intracellular Cl−/H+ exchanger Clc-5 is expressed in apical intestinal endocytic compartments, its pathophysiological role in the gastrointestinal tract is unknown. In light of recent findings that CLC-5 is downregulated in active ulcerative colitis (UC), we tested the hypothesis that loss of CLC-5 modulates the immune response, thereby inducing susceptibility to UC. Acute dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) colitis was induced in Clcn5 knockout (KO) and wild-type (WT) mice. Colitis, monitored by disease activity index, histological activity index, and myeloperoxidase activity were significantly elevated in DSS-induced Clcn5 KO mice compared with those in WT mice. Comprehensive serum multiplex cytokine profiling demonstrated a heightened Th1–Th17 profile (increased TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-17) in DSS-induced Clcn5 KO mice compared with that in WT DSS colitis mice. Interestingly, Clcn5 KO mice maintained on a high vitamin D diet attenuated DSS-induced colitis. Immunofluorescence and Western blot analyses of colonic mucosa validated the systemic cytokine patterns and further revealed enhanced activation of the NF-κB pathway in DSS-induced Clcn5 KO mice compared with those in WT mice. Intriguingly, high baseline levels of IL-6 and phospho-IκB were observed in Clcn5 KO mice, suggesting a novel immunopathogenic role for the functional defects that result from the loss of Clc-5. Our studies demonstrate that the loss of Clc-5 1) exhibits IL-6–mediated immunopathogenesis, 2) significantly exacerbated DSS-induced colitis, which is influenced by dietary factors, including vitamin D, and 3) portrays distinct NF-κB–modulated Th1–Th17 immune dysregulation, implying a role for CLC-5 in the immunopathogenesis of UC.
CpG-B Oligodeoxynucleotides Inhibit TLR-Dependent and -Independent Induction of Type I IFN in Dendritic Cells
Authors: Liu Yi C. , Gray Reginald C. , Hardy Gareth A. D. , Kuchtey John , Abbott Derek W. , Emancipator Steven N. , Harding Clifford V. 
Published: February 2010

Abstract
CpG oligodeoxynucleotides (ODNs) signal through TLR9 to induce type I IFN (IFN-αβ) in dendritic cells (DCs). CpG-A ODNs are more efficacious than CpG-B ODNs for induction of IFN-αβ. Because IFN-αβ may contribute to autoimmunity, it is important to identify mechanisms to inhibit induction of IFN-αβ. In our studies, CpG-B ODN inhibited induction of IFN-αβ by CpG-A ODN, whereas induction of TNF-α and IL-12p40 by CpG-A ODN was not affected. CpG-B inhibition of IFN-αβ was observed in FLT3 ligand-induced murine DCs, purified murine myeloid DCs, plasmacytoid DCs, and human PBMCs. CpG-B ODN inhibited induction of IFN-αβ by agonists of multiple receptors, including MyD88-dependent TLRs (CpG-A ODN signaling via TLR9, or R837 or Sendai virus signaling via TLR7) and MyD88-independent receptors (polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid signaling via TLR3 or ds break-DNA signaling via a cytosolic pathway). CpG-B ODN did not inhibit the IFN-αβ positive feedback loop second-wave IFN-αβ, because IFN-αβ–induced expression of IFN-αβ was unaffected, and CpG-B inhibition of IFN-αβ was manifested in IFN-αβR−/− DCs, which lack the positive feedback mechanism. Rather, CpG-B ODN inhibited early TLR-induced first wave IFN-α4 and IFN-β. Chromatin immunoprecipitation revealed that association of IFN regulatory factor 1 with the IFN-α4 and IFN-β promoters was induced by CpG-A ODN but not CpG-B ODN. Moreover, CpG-A–induced association of IFN regulatory factor 1 with these promoters was inhibited by CpG-B ODN. Our studies demonstrate a novel mechanism of transcriptional regulation of first-wave IFN-αβ that selectively inhibits induction of IFN-αβ downstream of multiple receptors and may provide targets for future therapeutic inhibition of IFN-αβ expression in vivo.
IL-1 Receptor Antagonist Protects against Placental and Neurodevelopmental Defects Induced by Maternal Inflammation
Authors: Girard Sylvie , Tremblay Luc , Lepage Martin , Sébire Guillaume 
Published: February 2010

Abstract
The precise role of maternal bacterial infection and inflammation occurring at the end of gestation is a controversial matter. Although it is recognized as an independent risk factor for neurodevelopmental diseases such as cerebral palsy, mental deficiency, and autism, it remains unclear whether it is causal or simply associated with the diseases. In this study, we demonstrate that IL-1 plays a key role in mediating severe placental damage and neurodevelopmental anomalies in offspring. Our results show that end of gestation exposure of pregnant rats to systemic microbial product (LPS) triggers placental inflammation and massive cell death, fetal mortality, and both forebrain white matter and motor behavioral alterations in the offspring. All these effects are alleviated by the coadministration of IL-1 receptor antagonist with LPS, suggesting a possible protective treatment against human placental and fetal brain damage.
Reliability of ultrasonography to detect synovitis in rheumatoid arthritis: A systematic literature review of 35 studies (1,415 patients)
Authors: Cheung Peter P. , Dougados Maxime , Gossec Laure 
Published: February 2010

AbstractObjectiveTo perform a systematic review on the reliability of ultrasonographic (US) synovitis detection in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) by B‐mode and power Doppler (PD) in image acquisition and still‐image interpretation. US is a sensitive method for synovitis detection. However, reliability is still a key concern.MethodsArticles reporting any US reliability results for synovitis in RA in PubMed, EMBase, the Cochrane Library, and meeting abstracts were selected. Data were extracted from the collection of data on US synovitis detection (either qualitatively [binary] or semiquantitatively [0–3 scale], for intraobserver and interobserver reliability in B‐mode and PD, and for image acquisition and still‐image interpretation). The type of joints tested, the experience of the ultrasonographer, and the quality of the studies were assessed. Data analysis involved descriptive and graphic interpretation of reliability and its potential determinants.ResultsThirty‐five studies (12 for B‐mode, 11 for PD, or 12 for both) with a total of 1,415 patients were analyzed. Intraobserver and interobserver reliability for still images in B‐mode and PD was high (κ = 0.5–1.0 [14,991 joints] for intraobserver reliability for B‐mode, κ = 0.59–1.0 [14,934 joints] for PD, κ = 0.49–1.0 [3,138 joints] for interobserver for B‐mode, and κ = 0.66–1.0 [3,325 joints] for PD). Interobserver reliability for image acquisition in both US modes was lower than still‐image interpretation (κ = 0.22–0.95). Few studies reported intraobserver image acquisition reliability.ConclusionIntraobserver and interobserver reliability of still‐image interpretation was high, especially for PD, in published studies involving highly trained observers. However, reliability of acquisition of US should be further assessed.
Prevalence, severity, and clinical correlates of pain in patients with systemic sclerosis
Authors: Schieir Orit , Thombs Brett D. , Hudson Marie , Boivin Jean‐François , Steele Russell , Bernatsky Sasha , Hanley James , Baron Murray ,   Canadian Scleroderma Research Group
Published: February 2010

AbstractObjectiveLarge descriptive studies of pain in systemic sclerosis (SSc) are lacking. The present study estimated prevalence, severity, and associations between SSc clinical variables and pain in all patients with SSc and in limited cutaneous (lcSSc) and diffuse cutaneous (dcSSc) subsets.MethodsPatients enrolled in a multicenter SSc registry (n = 585) completed a standardized clinical assessment and questionnaires about their physical and psychosocial health, including a pain severity numerical rating scale (NRS; range 0–10). Pain prevalence and severity were estimated with descriptive statistics. Crude and adjusted associations between specific SSc clinical variables and pain were estimated with linear regression for the entire group and by SSc subtype.ResultsOf the patients, 484 (83%) reported pain (268 [46%] mild pain [NRS 1–4], 155 [27%] moderate pain [NRS 5–7], and 61 [10%] severe pain [NRS 8–10]). More frequent episodes of Raynaud's phenomenon, active ulcers, worse synovitis, and gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms were associated with pain in multivariate analysis adjusting for demographic variables, depressive symptoms, and comorbid conditions. Patients with dcSSc reported only slightly higher mean ± SD pain than those with lcSSc (dcSSc 3.9 ± 2.8 versus lcSSc 3.4 ± 2.7; Hedges's g = 0.18, P = 0.05). Regression estimates did not differ significantly between SSc subsets.ConclusionPain symptoms were common in the present study of patients with SSc and were independently associated with more frequent episodes of Raynaud's phenomenon, active ulcers, worse synovitis, and GI symptoms. Subsetting by extent of skin involvement was only minimally related to pain severity and did not affect associations with clinical variables. More attention to pain and how to best manage it is needed in SSc.
Fish movements: the introduction pathway for topmouth gudgeon Pseudorasbora parva and other non‐native fishes in the UK
Authors: Copp G. H. , Vilizzi L. , Gozlan R. E. 
Published: February 2010

Abstract
The contamination of fish consignments (for stocking or aquaculture) is a major pathway by which non‐native organisms, including fish, are introduced to new areas. One of the best examples of this is the topmouth gudgeon Pseudorasbora parva, which was accidentally imported into Romania and then throughout Europe in consignments of Asian carp species.
The introduction and spread of topmouth gudgeon in the UK has been linked to imports and movements of the ornamental variety (golden orfe) of ide Leuciscus idus. To examine this hypothesis, relationships between authorized movements of both native and non‐native fish species (in particular ide) and the occurrence in England of topmouth gudgeon were tested at the 10×10 km scale.
Topmouth gudgeon occurrence in the wild was significantly correlated with the trajectories of movements of ornamental fish species (ide/orfe, sunbleak Leucaspius delineatus) as well as a few non‐ornamental fish species (European catfish Silurus glanis, Atlantic salmon Salmo salar and grass carp Ctenopharyngodon idella).
These results highlight the mechanism by which non‐native fish species disperse from the point of first introduction, and especially that movements of fish within the country represent an important mechanism for accidental introductions of non‐native species. © Crown copyright 2010. Reproduced with the permission of Her Majesty's Stationery Office. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Two‐year clinical and radiographic results with combination etanercept–methotrexate therapy versus monotherapy in early rheumatoid arthritis: A two‐year, double‐blind, randomized study
Authors: Emery Paul , Breedveld Ferdinand , van der Heijde Désirée , Ferraccioli Gianfranco , Dougados Maxime , Robertson Deborah , Pedersen Ronald , Koenig Andrew S. , Freundlich Bruce 
Published: February 2010

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate how continuation of and alterations to initial year 1 combination etanercept–methotrexate (MTX) therapy and MTX monotherapy regimens affect long‐term remission and radiographic progression in early, active rheumatoid arthritis.MethodsSubjects were randomized at baseline for the entire 2‐year period; those who completed 1 year of treatment with combination or MTX monotherapy entered year 2. The original combination group either continued combination therapy (the EM/EM group; n = 111) or received etanercept monotherapy (the EM/E group; n = 111) in year 2; the original MTX monotherapy group either received combination therapy (the M/EM group; n = 90) or continued monotherapy (the M/M group; n = 99) in year 2. Efficacy end points included remission (a Disease Activity Score in 28 joints [DAS28] <2.6) and radiographic nonprogression (change in the modified Sharp/van der Heijde score ≤0.5) at year 2. A last observation carried forward analysis from the modified intention‐to‐treat population (n = 398) and a post hoc nonresponder imputation (NRI) analysis (n = 528) were performed for remission.ResultsAt year 2, DAS28 remission was achieved by 62/108, 54/108, 51/88, and 33/94 subjects in the EM/EM, EM/E, M/EM, and M/M groups, respectively (P< 0.01 for the EM/EM and M/EM groups versus the M/M group). This effect was corroborated by a more conservative post hoc 2‐year NRI analysis, with remission observed in 59/131, 50/134, 48/133, and 29/130 of the same respective groups (P< 0.05 for each of the EM/EM, EM/E, and M/EM groups versus the M/M group). The proportions of subjects achieving radiographic nonprogression (n = 360) were 89/99, 74/99, 59/79, and 56/83 in the EM/EM (P< 0.01 versus each of the other groups), EM/E, M/EM, and M/M groups, respectively. No new safety signals or between‐group differences in serious adverse events were seen.ConclusionEarly sustained combination etanercept–MTX therapy was consistently superior to MTX monotherapy. Combination therapy resulted in important clinical and radiographic benefits over 2 study years, without significant additional safety risk.
Sensing the mechanical state of the axoneme and integration of Ca2+ signaling by outer arm dynein
Authors: King Stephen M. 
Published: February 2010

AbstractAxonemal dyneins have been demonstrated to monitor the mechanical state of the axoneme and must also alter activity in response to various signaling pathways. The central pair/radial spoke systems are clearly involved in controlling inner dynein arm function; however, the mechanisms by which the outer dynein arm transduces regulatory signals appear quite distinct at the molecular level. In Chlamydomonas, these regulatory components include thioredoxins involved in response to redox changes, molecules that tether the γ heavy‐chain motor unit to the A‐tubule of the outer doublet and a Ca2+‐binding protein that controls the structure of the γ heavy‐chain N‐terminal domain. Together, these studies now suggest that the γ heavy chain acts as a key regulatory node for controlling outer arm function in response to alterations in curvature and ligand binding. Furthermore, they allow us to propose a testable molecular mechanism by which altered Ca2+ levels might lead to a change in ciliary waveform by controlling whether one heavy chain of outer arm dynein acts as a microtubule translocase or as an ATP‐dependent brake that limits the amount of interdoublet sliding. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Synthesis of 1,3‐Diphospha‐2,3‐dihydro‐1H‐phenalenes
Authors: Tarasevych Arkadii , Shevchenko Igor , Rozhenko Alexander B. , Röschenthaler Gerd‐Volker 
Published: February 2010

AbstractThe reaction of 1,8‐dilithionaphthalene (1) with methylenebis[(dialkylamino)chlorophosphanes] [R2N(Cl)PCH2P(Cl)NR2; R = Me (2a), Et (2b)] leads to the formation of new heterocyclic compounds, 1,3‐diphospha‐2,3‐dihydro‐1H‐phenalenes 3a,b as a mixture of cis and trans isomers. DFT calculations indicate that the cis isomers are thermodynamically more stable by about 1–3 kcal/mol than the trans isomers. Compounds 3a,b can be converted into dithio the derivatives 5a,b and the borane complexes 6a,b, which were characterized by NMR spectroscopy and investigated by X‐ray diffraction analysis. The dialkylamino groups in 3 can be substituted by chlorine to give the chlorophosphane 7.