bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pathological differentiation of chronic hypersensitivity pneumonitis from idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis/usual interstitial pneumonia
Authors: Takemura Tamiko , Akashi Takumi , Kamiya Hiroyuki , Ikushima Soichiro , Ando Tsunehiro , Oritsu Masaru , Sawahata Michiru , Ogura Takashi 
Published: May 2012

Takemura T, Akashi T, Kamiya H, Ikushima S, Ando T, Oritsu M, Sawahata M & Ogura T  (2012) Histopathology Pathological differentiation of chronic hypersensitivity pneumonitis from idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis/usual interstitial pneumoniaAims:  To evaluate the histological characteristics differentiating chronic hypersensitivity pneumonitis (chronic HP) with a usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP)‐like pattern from idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF)/UIP.Methods and results:  Surgical lung biopsy specimens from 22 patients with chronic HP diagnosed as having a UIP‐like pattern upon histological examination and 13 patients with IPF/UIP were examined and the incidences of bronchiolitis, perilobular fibrosis, centrilobular fibrosis, bridging fibrosis, organizing pneumonia, fibroblastic foci, honeycombing, granulomas, giant cells, lymphocytic alveolitis and lymphoid follicles were compared. Bronchiolitis, centrilobular fibrosis, bridging fibrosis, organizing pneumonia, granulomas, giant cells and lymphocytic alveolitis were significantly more frequent among patients with chronic HP than among patients with IPF (all P < 0.01).Conclusions:  Centrilobular fibrosis, bridging fibrosis and organizing pneumonia, in addition to bronchiolitis, granulomas and giant cells, are characteristic features of chronic HP with a UIP‐like pattern. These features are therefore important in differentiating chronic HP from IPF/UIP, as management strategies differ for the two disorders.
Existential issues among nurses in surgical care – a hermeneutical study of critical incidents
Authors: Udo Camilla , Danielson Ella , Melin‐Johansson Christina 
Published: May 2012

udo c., danielson e. & melin‐johansson c. (2013) Existential issues among nurses in surgical care – a hermeneutical study of critical incidents. Journal of Advanced Nursing69(3), 569–577. doi: 10.1111/j.1365‐2648.2012.06032.xAbstractAims.  To report a qualitative study conducted to gain a deeper understanding of surgical nurses’ experiences of existential care situations.Background.  Existential issues are common for all humans irrespective of culture or religion and constitute man’s ultimate concerns of life. Nurses often lack the strategies to deal with patients’ existential issues even if they are aware of them.Design.  This is a qualitative study where critical incidents were collected and analysed hermeneutically.Methods.  During June 2010, ten surgical nurses presented 41 critical incidents, which were collected for the study. The nurses were first asked to describe existential care incidents in writing, including their own emotions, thoughts, and reactions. After 1–2 weeks, individual interviews were conducted with the same nurses, in which they reflected on their written incidents. A hermeneutic analysis was used.Findings.  The majority of incidents concerned nurses’ experiences of caring for patients’ dying of cancer. In the analysis, three themes were identified, emphasizing the impact of integration between nurses’ personal self and professional role in existential care situations: inner dialogues for meaningful caring, searching for the right path in caring, and barriers in accompanying patients beyond medical care.Conclusion.  Findings are interpreted and discussed in the framework of Buber’s philosophy of the relationships I‐Thou and I‐It, emphasizing nurses’ different relationships with patients during the process of caring. Some nurses integrate their personal self into caring whereas others do not. The most important finding and new knowledge are that some nurses felt insecure and were caught somewhere in between I‐Thou and I‐It.
The effect of bitter almond oil and massaging on striae gravidarum in primiparaous women
Authors: Timur Taşhan Sermin , Kafkasli Ayşe 
Published: May 2012

Aim. This study aims to identify the effect of applying bitter almond oil with and without massage on preventing striae gravidarum during pregnancy.Background. Striae gravidarum is a dermatological problem bringing about cosmetic concerns in about 90% of pregnant women. On the onset, striae gravidarum appears as a pink‐purple atrophic strip. Striae appear pale atrophic in the postnatal period, but they never disappear completely.Design. In view of the physiology of striae gravidarum formation, this study employs a posttest‐only quasi‐experimental design with a control group.Methods. The participants of this study were the primiparous women who visited the pregnancy unit of a medical centre in the eastern region of Turkey between February 1st, 2010 and April 15th, 2011. The participants were divided into three groups: the primiparous women who applied bitter almond oil with massage (n = 47), who merely applied bitter almond oil (n = 48) and who were in the control group (n = 46).Results. The frequency of striae gravidarum was 20% among the women who applied bitter almond oil with massage, 38·8% among those who merely applied almond oil and 41·2% in the control group. A statistically significant difference was observed in the frequency of striae gravidarum between the groups, and it was the group who applied almond oil with massage that accounted for the difference (p < 0·001). The frequency of striae gravidarum was also found to be lower in the group who applied almond oil with massage compared to the others (p < 0·05).Conclusion. It was found that a 15‐minute massage applied with almond oil during pregnancy reduced the development of striae gravidarum, but using bitter almond oil had no effect on this in itself. It is recommended that pregnant women be informed about the positive effects of massaging applied with almond oil early during their pregnancy.Relevance to clinical practice. Nurses and midwives can use the findings of this study in preventing the development of striae gravidarum during pregnancy.
Differences between community professional and patient perceptions of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease treatment outcomes: a qualitative study
Authors: Cooke Mary , Thackray Sue 
Published: May 2012

Aims and objectives. This study aims to define, compare and order ‘assessed needs and defined outcomes’ of professional providers of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease services with patients’‘prioritised needs and defined outcomes’ and relate these to service provision.Background. Long‐term morbidity and death rates from respiratory diseases in the UK are increasing. Few studies report patient views and perceptions of needs or priorities for respiratory conditions in primary care. None compare patient’s and health professional’s perceptions of patient needs, which may identify specific changes for service delivery.Design. A qualitative study using focus group discussion and nominal group technique to define, compare and order professional’s and patient’s groups’ statements to prioritise perceptions.Method. Specialist professionals and patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease were recruited to focus groups using systematic purposive sampling. Nominal group ordering of agreed statements occurred after the discussions followed by presentation of results to groups for validation.Results. Four key perceptions ordered and compared show both professionals and patients agreed that access to equitably provided services included more respiratory rehabilitation; other priorities indicate key differences between professional’s and patient’s perceptions of financial support, the communication of health education and the need for better provision of palliative care at end of life.Conclusions. The study offers new knowledge about what patients in all stages of the disease process consider important for services that will retain their independence. This qualitative study illuminates and compares professional’s and patient’s priorities for service delivery and their perceptions of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease services.Relevance to clinical practice. Changing respiratory services to support patient’s perceived needs enhances their independence.
Student nurses' experience working with mentally challenged individuals in South Africa
Authors: JANSE VAN RENSBURG E. S. , POGGENPOEL M. , MYBURGH C. P. H. 
Published: May 2012

Accessible summary
The experiences of student nurses working with mentally challenged individuals were explored and described.
The study used a qualitative, explorative, descriptive, contextual research design with a case study as strategy.
Data collection utilized focus group interviews, reflective journals, a reflective letter, naïve sketches, drawings and field notes. Data analysis was done according to Tesch's descriptive method of open coding and theme analysis.
A central storyline emerged where student nurses described working with mentally challenged individuals as a process of personal transformation that was initiated by an engagement on a deeper emotional level with these individuals.
AbstractSouth African student nurses experience emotional discomfort that might influence their adjustment and coping while working with mentally challenged individuals. Adjustment and coping might impact on their mental health and support needed while working in this challenging context. Student nurses working with mentally challenged individuals experience emotional discomfort that may result in work‐related stress. The experiences of student nurses working with mentally challenged individuals were explored and described as it may influence their adjustment, coping and result in work‐related stress, impacting on their mental health. The study used a qualitative, explorative, descriptive, contextual research design with a case study as strategy. Thirteen student nurses from a specific higher educational institution in Gauteng, South Africa, participated in the focus group interviews. The researcher utilized reflective journals, a reflective letter, naïve sketches, drawings and field notes to collect data. Data analysis was done according to Tesch's descriptive method of open coding and theme analysis. A central storyline emerged where student nurses described working with mentally challenged individuals as a process of personal transformation that was initiated by an engagement on a deeper emotional level with these individuals. The process of personal transformation started a journey towards the discovery of meaning for the self, as student nurses. Student nurses working in challenging environments during their training may experience emotional discomfort and need additional support in coping and adjustment within this context. The nurse educator plays an important role in providing this support to manage work‐related stress as well as in creating learning opportunities for the student nurses working in challenging contexts.
Strategic direction or operational confusion: level of service user involvement in Irish acute admission unit care
Authors: PATTON D. 
Published: May 2012

Accessible summary
Although not as historically dominant as it once was, acute admission units remain a place of care for people experiencing an acute mental illness and who cannot be cared for in a community setting.
In line with global developments, Irish mental healthcare policy has focused on greater levels of collaboration between service providers and users.
In admission unit care enhanced levels of service user involvement happens though nurses involving them in care planning and through interacting with them on a regular basis.
AbstractMental health care in Ireland has been in the midst of a modernization of services since the mid 1980s. Embellished in this change agenda has been the need for better care and services with a particular emphasis on greater levels of user involvement. Acute admission units provide a setting for mental health care to be delivered to people who are unable to be cared for in a community setting. Through discussion of findings from semi‐structured telephone interviews with 18 acute admission unit staff nurses, the aim of this paper is to explore the level of involvement service users have in acute unit care in Ireland. Reporting on one qualitative component of a larger mixed method study, findings will show that acute admission unit staff nurses generally involve service users in their care by facilitating their involvement in the nursing process, interacting with them regularly and using different communication approaches. However, participants identified barriers to service user involvement, such as growing administrative duties. It can tentatively be claimed that, within an Irish context, acute admission unit service users are involved in their care and are communicated with in an open and transparent way.
Grasping the dynamics of suicidal behaviour: combining time‐geographic life charting and COPE ratings
Authors: SUNNQVIST C. , PERSSON U. , WESTRIN Å. , TRÄSKMAN‐BENDZ L. , LENNTORP B. 
Published: May 2012

Accessible summary
A primary aim of suicide research is to gain a profound knowledge of the suicidal individual so preventive strategy can be formulated.
Time‐geographic life charting used in combination with the pattern of coping strategies may be helpful when assessing risk of suicidal behaviour.
It can also be a therapeutic intervention to look back and to reflect coping styles.
AbstractThe aim of this study is to explore whether a time‐geographic life charting, combined with a survey of a person's coping capacities over time, elucidates the pathway to suicidal behaviour, and therefore could be useful in suicide prevention. Twenty‐three patients were recruited shortly after a suicide attempt. A time‐geographic life charting and COPE inventory ratings were used separately and in combination. According to COPE ratings, the participants could be divided into three groups using different coping strategies: (1) adaptive, (2) maladaptive, and (3) both adaptive and maladaptive coping. Within these subgroups, three different pathways to suicidal behaviour were described and illustrated. We conclude that time‐geographic life charting used in combination with the pattern of coping strategies may be helpful when assessing risk of suicidal behaviour, because this approach strengthens the comprehensive picture of the patient's life situation.
Leaf anatomical properties in relation to differences in mesophyll conductance to CO2 and photosynthesis in two related Mediterranean Abies species
Authors: PEGUERO‐PINA JOSÉ JAVIER , FLEXAS JAUME , GALMÉS JERONI , NIINEMETS ÜLO , SANCHO‐KNAPIK DOMINGO , BARREDO GONZALO , VILLARROYA DIDO , GIL‐PELEGRÍN EUSTAQUIO 
Published: May 2012

ABSTRACTAbies alba and Abies pinsapo are closely related species with the same ribulose 1·5‐bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco) large subunit (rbcL) but contrasting hydraulic traits and mesophyll structure occurring in the Iberian Peninsula under contrasting conditions. As photosynthesis and hydraulic capacities often co‐scale, we hypothesize that these species differ in mesophyll conductance to CO2 (gm). gm and key anatomical traits were measured in both species. Drought‐adapted population of A. pinsapo has higher photosynthesis than the more mesic population of A. alba, in agreement with its higher hydraulic capacity. However, A. alba exhibits the largest stomatal conductance (gs), and so water use efficiency (WUE) is much higher in A. pinsapo. The differences in photosynthesis were explained by differences in gm, indicating a correlation between hydraulic capacity and gm. We report a case where gm is the main factor limiting photosynthesis in one species (A. alba) when compared with the other one (A. pinsapo). The results also highlight the discrepancy between gm estimates based on anatomical measurements and those based on gas exchange methods, probably due to the very large resistance exerted by cell walls and the stroma in both species. Thus, the cell wall and chloroplast properties in relation to CO2 diffusion constitute a near‐future research priority.
Phosphorylation and ubiquitination of dynamin‐related proteins (AtDRP3A/3B) synergically regulate mitochondrial proliferation during mitosis
Authors: Wang Feng , Liu Peng , Zhang Quan , Zhu Jian , Chen Tong , Arimura Shin‐ichi , Tsutsumi Nobuhiro , Lin Jinxing 
Published: May 2012

SummaryThe balance between mitochondrial fission and fusion is disrupted during mitosis, but the mechanism governing this phenomenon in plant cells remains enigmatic. Here, we used mitochondrial matrix‐localized Kaede protein (mt‐Kaede) to analyze the dynamics of mitochondrial fission in BY‐2 suspension cells. Analysis of the photoactivatable fluorescence of mt‐Kaede suggested that the fission process is dominant during mitosis. This finding was confirmed by an electron microscopic analysis of the size distribution of mitochondria in BY‐2 suspension cells at various stages. Cellular proteins interacting with Myc‐tagged dynamin‐related protein 3A/3B (AtDRP3A and AtDRP3B) were immunoprecipitated with anti‐Myc antibody‐conjugated beads and subsequently identified by microcapillary liquid chromatography–quadrupole time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry (CapLC Q‐TOF) MS/MS. The identified proteins were broadly associated with cytoskeletal (microtubular), phosphorylation, or ubiquitination functions. Mitotic phosphorylation of AtDRP3A/AtDRP3B and mitochondrial fission at metaphase were inhibited by treatment of the cells with a CdkB/cyclin B inhibitor or a serine/threonine protein kinase inhibitor. The fate of AtDRP3A/3B during the cell cycle was followed by time‐lapse imaging of the fluorescence of Dendra2‐tagged AtDRP3A/3B after green‐to‐red photoconversion; this experiment showed that AtDRP3A/3B is partially degraded during interphase. Additionally, we found that microtubules are involved in mitochondrial fission during mitosis, and that mitochondria movement to daughter cell was limited as early as metaphase. Taken together, these findings suggest that mitotic phosphorylation of AtDRP3A/3B promotes mitochondrial fission during plant cell mitosis, and that AtDRP3A/3B is partially degraded at interphase, providing mechanistic insight into the mitochondrial morphological changes associated with cell‐cycle transitions in BY‐2 suspension cells.
Mink with Divergent Activity Levels have Divergent Reproductive Strategies
Authors: Meagher Rebecca K. , Bechard Allison , Mason Georgia J. 
Published: May 2012

AbstractStable individual differences in activity levels within populations have been linked to differences in reproductive rate or parental care in several species, including American mink (Neovison vison). Fur‐farmed mink are good models for studying such effects because they yield large sample sizes and readily allow investigations into maternal behaviour, reproductive success, offspring performance and the relationships between these factors. On farms, very inactive individuals generally have smaller litters, and this held true in our study populations. We tested two competing hypotheses to explain this: (1) inactive individuals are failing to cope with a challenging environment and experiencing chronic stress and/or depression‐like ‘apathy’; this predicts female‐skewed litters, poorer maternal care, higher infant mortality and poorer infant growth and (2) inactive individuals do not have reduced fitness but instead employ an alternative adaptive reproductive strategy, trading off offspring quantity for quality; this predicts enhanced maternal care, reduced infant mortality and enhanced infant growth. Inactive females’ kits, especially their sons, grew faster than active females’, even after statistically controlling for litter size; and by 21 d, inactive and active dams’ litters no longer differed in total biomass, despite the former’s smaller litter sizes. In kit retrieval tests, inactive females were faster than active dams to reach their sons (as well as more likely to contact their sons than their daughters: a bias towards male kits not evident in the active dams). Furthermore, kit growth rates and dam latencies to touch them co‐varied, suggesting the existence of consistent differences in maternal style across inactive and active dams. Hypothesis 2 was thus supported: inactive females favour offspring quality over quantity, investing more resources in fewer kits, particularly males. This potentially boosts their sons’ adult fitness. More broadly for laboratory‐based studies, possible ‘captivity effects’ on the fitness correlates of activity and other personality traits are discussed.
No Correlation Between Three Selected Trade‐Offs in Birdsong Performance and Male Quality for a Species With Song Repertoires
Authors: Cardoso Gonçalo C. , Atwell Jonathan W. , Hu Yang , Ketterson Ellen D. , Price Trevor D. 
Published: May 2012

AbstractDemanding performance of vocal signals, such as birdsong, may be evaluated by trade‐offs among acoustic traits. If individuals differ in their ability to sustain physiologically demanding singing, then aspects of song performance resulting from such trade‐offs could signal individual quality. Song performance can also differ among song types, and it is not known whether this influences the assessment of individual quality. We asked whether three trade‐off‐based measures of song performance indicate male age or aspects of condition (body condition, hematocrit and ectoparasite load) in the dark‐eyed junco (Junco hyemalis), a species with small repertoires. Across a sample of over 100 males, no measure of song performance was related to male age or condition, nor did song performance improve with age for those males recorded in consecutive years. In all cases, the variation in song performance explained by these predictors was small (<4%). Instead, the more song types we recorded from a male, the more likely we were to record high‐performance songs, and this sampling effect was stronger than putative correlations with male quality. These results complement a previous study on this population showing that most variation in performance is found among song types rather than among males. Collectively, the lack of association between trade‐off‐based aspects of song performance and male age or condition, plus variation among song types that interferes with rapid assessment of a male's best performance, indicate that these aspects of song performance do not allow a good assessment of male quality in juncos, and perhaps more generally in species with song repertoires.