bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Glucocorticoids: Extensive physiological actions modulated through multiple mechanisms of gene regulation
Authors: Zanchi Nelo Eidy , Filho Mário Alves de Siqueira , Felitti Vitor , Nicastro Humberto , Lorenzeti Fábio Medici , Lancha Antonio Herbert 
Published: April 2010

AbstractGlucocorticoid hormones are important regulators of several physiological processes. Despite having been initially named based on their role in glucose metabolism, glucocorticoids are also fundamental in the regulation of developmental, metabolic, and neurobiological processes, as well as several other biological functions. Due to their involvement in a diverse array of biological pathways, its wide spectrum of action, it is predicted that a wide range of genes may have their expression regulated by the activated glucocorticoid receptor (GR). In fact, it has been demonstrated that in addition to the regulation of several effectors genes, the expression of the gene encoding for GR itself is regulated by physiological stimuli and fine‐tuning mechanisms. Importantly, such generalized effector responses and fine‐tuning responses seem to be largely mediated by mechanisms of gene regulation. Therefore, this review aims to describe the mechanisms of gene regulation by glucocorticoid hormones, which are capable of regulating differential gene transcription, within a physiological context. From this discussion, we hope to shed light on how a single molecule that is capable of exerting such divergent effects is also capable of promoting such distinct responses in different target tissues. J. Cell. Physiol. 224: 311–315, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Catalytic selective oxidation faces the sustainability challenge: turning points, objectives reached, old approaches revisited and solutions still requiring further investigation
Authors: Cavani Fabrizio 
Published: April 2010

AbstractThis review documents some examples of recently developed technologies and new approaches currently being investigated in the field of catalytic selective oxidation, that may contribute to improving the sustainability of the chemical industry. Tools to reach this ambitious target include process integration, the development of new reactions for the valorization of renewables and new catalysts able to perform complex transformations in a single step. Copyright © 2010 Society of Chemical Industry
Role of mitogen‐activated protein kinases in the mechanism of oxidant‐induced cell swelling in cultured astrocytes
Authors: Moriyama M. , Jayakumar A.R. , Tong X.Y. , Norenberg M.D. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractCytotoxic brain edema, usually a consequence of astrocyte swelling, is an important complication of stroke, traumatic brain injury, hepatic encephalopathy, and other neurological disorders. Although mechanisms underlying astrocyte swelling are not fully understood, oxidative stress (OS) has generally been considered an important factor in its pathogenesis. To better understand the mechanism(s) by which OS causes cell swelling, we examined the potential involvement of mitogen‐activated protein kinases (MAPKs) in this process. Cultures exposed to theoxidant H2O2 (10, 25, 50 μM) for different time periods (1–24 hr) significantly increased cell swelling in a triphasic manner. Swelling was initially observed at 10 min (peaking at 30 min), which was followed by cell shrinkage at 1 hr. A subsequent increase in cell volume occurred at approximately 6 hr, and the rise lasted for at least 24 hr. Cultures exposed to H2O2 caused the activation of MAPKs (ERK1/2, JNK and p38‐MAPK), whereas inhibition of MAPKs diminished cell swelling induced by 10 and 25 μM H2O2. These findings suggest that activation of MAPKs is an important factor in the mediation of astrocyte swelling following oxidative stress. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Enhancing and suppressing four‐wave mixing in electromagnetically induced transparency window
Authors: Nie Zhiqiang , Zhang Yanpeng , Zhao Yan , Yuan Chenzhi , Li Changbiao , Tao Rui , Si Jinhai , Gan Chenli 
Published: April 2010

AbstractWe demonstrate the enhancement and suppression of four‐wave mixing (FWM) in an electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) window in Y‐type 85Rb atomic system. The generated two‐photon FWM signal can be selectively enhanced and suppressed via an EIT window. The EIT of probe as well as the enhancement and suppression of FWM signals can be modified by the sequential‐cascade double dressing. The influence of different probe polarization configurations is also studied. Different polarization states of the probe laser can select different transitions among Zeeman sublevels and different dressing strengths. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Favorable long‐term surgical outcomes of hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with hepatitis B envelope antibody
Authors: Ariizumi Shun‐ichi , Kotera Yoshihito , Katagiri Satoshi , Yamamoto Masakazu 
Published: April 2010

AbstractBackgroundSurgical outcome of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in relation to the serum hepatitis B envelope (HBe) has not been clarified in detail.MethodsWe retrospectively studied 732 patients with HCC within the Milan criteria who underwent hepatectomy from 1991 through 2005. Serum hepatitis B surface antigen (HBs‐Ag) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) antibody were routinely performed preoperatively, and 92 patients were only positive for HBs‐Ag. Serum HBe antibody (HBe‐Ab) was further examined, and surgical outcomes after hepatectomy were compared with those of 70 patients who were positive for HBe‐Ab and 15 patients who were negative for HBe‐Ab.ResultsThe 5‐ and 10‐year survival rates were significantly greater in patients who were positive for HBe‐Ab (90% and 80%, respectively) than in patients who were negative for HBe‐Ab (61% and 37%: P = 0.0004, respectively). The 5‐year recurrence‐free survival rate was significantly greater in patients who were positive for HBe‐Ab (53%) than in patients who were negative for HBe‐Ab (21%: P = 0.0054). Multivariate analysis showed that positive HBe‐Ab was an independent prognostic factor for survival (P = 0.0045) and recurrence‐free survival (P = 0.004).ConclusionsFavorable long‐term surgical outcomes were achieved in patients with HCC within the Milan criteria who were positive for HBe‐Ab. J. Surg. Oncol. 2010; 101:471–475. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Overexpression of the drug resistance‐associated protein metallothionein does not correlate with response of sarcomas to isolated limb perfusion treatment
Authors: Grabellus Florian , Sheu Sien‐Yi , Tötsch Martin , Lehmann Nils , Kaiser Gernot M. , Jasani Bharat , Taeger Georg , Schmid Kurt W. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesHyperthermic isolated limb perfusion with TNF‐α and melphalan (HILP‐TM) achieves high response rates in sarcomas. Melphalan resistance was previously reported to be associated with overexpression of metallothioneins (MTs). Objective of this study was to investigate the influence of MT expression on tumor responses in HILP‐TM‐treated soft tissue (STSs) and bone sarcomas (BS).MethodsIn primary biopsies of 41 HILP‐TM‐treated sarcomas (37 STSs and 4 BS), MT expression was assessed by an immunoreactive score. The pathologic response to HILP‐TM was quantified in the corresponding tumor resection specimens. We studied the association of MT‐IRS between histological regression (responder >90%, or non‐responder ≤90% regression), tumor proliferation, and other clinico‐pathological parameters.ResultsMT expression was found in 70.7% (N = 29) of tumors (high 12.2%, moderate 19.5%, and low 39.0%). After HILP‐TM, 20 cases (48.8%) were categorized as “responders” and 21 (51.2%) as “non‐responders.” Six “responders” (14.6%) presented with complete regression. MT expression positively correlated with tumor proliferation but not with HILP‐TM.ConclusionsHILP‐TM showed a favorable response in a high rate of sarcomas. Although MT overexpression was observed in this cohort of sarcomas, the immunohistochemical MT status was not predictive of the tumor response after HILP‐TM treatment. J. Surg. Oncol. 2010; 101:465–470. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Pregnancy after breast cancer. A comprehensive review
Authors: de Bree Eelco , Makrigiannakis Antonios , Askoxylakis John , Melissas John , Tsiftsis Dimitris D. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractPregnancy after breast cancer treatment has become an important issue since many young breast cancer patients have not completed their family. Generally, these patients should not be discouraged to become pregnant when they want to, since published data suggest no adverse effect of pregnancy on survival. As fertility may be impaired by chemotherapy, different fertility preserving strategies have been developed. Births seem to sustain no adverse effects, while breastfeeding appears to be feasible and safe. J. Surg. Oncol. 2010; 101:534–542. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Cytoreductive surgery plus hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy to treat gastric cancer with ascites and/or peritoneal carcinomatosis: Results from a Chinese center
Authors: Yang Xiao‐Jun , Li Yan , Yonemura Yutaka 
Published: April 2010

AbstractBackgroundThis work was to evaluate cytoreductive surgery (CRS) plus hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) for advanced gastric cancer (GC).MethodsCRS and HIPEC were performed on 28 GC patients with peritoneal carcinomatosis (PC) and/or malignant ascites, with survival and perioperative safety as study endpoints.ResultsA total of 30 CRS and HIPEC procedures were performed. Cytoreduction scores ratings (CCR) were CCR‐0 in 11 (39.2%), CCR‐1 in 6 (21.4%), CCR‐2 in 8 (28.8%), and CCR‐3 in 3 (10.6%) cases. The 6‐, 12‐, 18‐, and 24‐month survival rates were 75%, 50%, 43%, and 43%, respectively. The median survivals of patients with PCI ≤20 and high PCI >20 were 27.7 months (95% CI 15.2–40.3 months) and 6.4 months (95% CI 3.8–8.9 months) (P = 0.000). The estimated median survival for patients with CCR‐0, CCR‐1, and CCR‐2 and 3 were 43.4 months (95% CI, 26.9–59.9 months), 9.5 months (95% CI 6.4–12.6 months), and 7.5 months (95% CI 3.0–13.6 months) (P = 0.001, CCR0 vs. CCR1‐3). No perioperative death but 1 (3.6%) serious adverse event occurred.ConclusionsCRS plus HIPEC could offer survival advantage for selected GC patients with PC and/or ascites, with acceptable safety profile. J. Surg. Oncol. 2010; 101:457–464. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Efficient numerical implementation of pressure, time, and temperature superposition for elasto‐visco‐plastic material model by using a symbolic approach
Authors: Rodič Tomaž , Šuštar Tomaž , Šuštarič Primož , Korelc Jože 
Published: April 2010

AbstractThis article is concerned with the finite element implementation of an elasto‐visco‐plastic constitutive model using a symbolic approach. The model combines the Knauss–Emri (KE) pressure, temperature, and time superposition principle in the implicit finite element scheme. The equation development and code generation was performed using the symbolic tool AceGen. The same symbolic system was applied to derive analytical sensitivities of the numerical model with respect to the material and shape parameters. To enable efficient numerical implementation of the KE model the convolution integrals were transformed into their respective incremental forms, so that radical improvements of code efficiency and computer storage requirements were achieved. The numerical examples derived for polyethylene terephthalate (PET) polymers demonstrate that symbolic systems can be applied to develop complex constitutive models capable of simulating material responses that are in good agreement with experimental measurements over a wide range of strain rates, temperatures, and loading conditions. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Fast liquid composite molding simulation of unsaturated flow in dual‐scale fiber mats using the imbibition characteristics of a fabric‐based unit cell
Authors: Tan Hua , Pillai Krishna M. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractThe use of the dual‐scale fiber mats in liquid composite molding (LCM) process for making composites parts gives rise to the unsaturated flow during the mold‐filling process. The usual approaches for modeling such flows involve using a sink term in the mass balance equation along with the Darcy's law. Sink functions involving complex microflows inside tows with realistic tow geometries have not been attempted in the past because of the problem of high computational costs arising from the coupling of the macroscopic gap flows with the microscopic tow flows. In this study, a new “lumped” sink function is proposed for the isothermal flow simulation, which is a function of the gap pressure, capillary pressure, and tow saturation, and which is estimated without solving for the microscopic tow simulations at each node of the FE mesh in the finite element/control volume algorithm. The sink function is calibrated with the help of the tow microflow simulation in a stand‐alone unit cell of the dual‐scale fiber mat. This new approach, which does not use any fitting parameters, achieved a good validation against a previous published result on the 1D unsaturated flow in a biaxial stitched mat—satisfactory comparisons of the inlet‐pressure history as well as the saturation distributions were achieved. Finally, the unsaturated flow is studied in a car hood‐type LCM mold geometry using the code PORE‐FLOW© based on the proposed algorithm. POLYM. COMPOS., 31:1790–1807, 2010. © 2010 Society of Plastics Engineers.
Improving computational protein design by using structure‐derived sequence profile
Authors: Dai Liang , Yang Yuedong , Kim Hyung Rae , Zhou Yaoqi 
Published: April 2010

AbstractDesigning a protein sequence that will fold into a predefined structure is of both practical and fundamental interest. Many successful, computational designs in the last decade resulted from improved understanding of hydrophobic and polar interactions between side chains of amino acid residues in stabilizing protein tertiary structures. However, the coupling between main‐chain backbone structure and local sequence has yet to be fully addressed. Here, we attempt to account for such coupling by using a sequence profile derived from the sequences of five residue fragments in a fragment library that are structurally matched to the five‐residue segments contained in a target structure. We further introduced a term to reduce low complexity regions of designed sequences. These two terms together with optimized reference states for amino‐acid residues were implemented in the RosettaDesign program. The new method, called RosettaDesign‐SR, makes a 12% increase (from 34 to 46%) in fraction of proteins whose designed sequences are more than 35% identical to wild‐type sequences. Meanwhile, it reduces 8% (from 22% to 14%) to the number of designed sequences that are not homologous to any known protein sequences according to psi‐blast. More importantly, the sequences designed by RosettaDesign‐SR have 2–3% more polar residues at the surface and core regions of proteins and these surface and core polar residues have about 4% higher sequence identity to wild‐type sequences than by RosettaDesign. Thus, the proteins designed by RosettaDesign‐SR should be less likely to aggregate and more likely to have unique structures due to more specific polar interactions. Proteins 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Heme proteins—Diversity in structural characteristics, function, and folding
Authors: Smith Lorna J. , Kahraman Abdullah , Thornton Janet M. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractThe characteristics of heme prosthetic groups and their binding sites have been analyzed in detail in a data set of nonhomologous heme proteins. Variations in the shape, volume, and chemical composition of the binding site, in the mode of heme binding and in the number and nature of heme–protein interactions are found to result in significantly different heme environments in proteins with different functions in biology. Differences are also seen in the properties of the apo states of the proteins. The apo states of proteins that bind heme permanently in their functional form show some disorder, ranging from local unfolding in the heme binding pocket to complete unfolding to give a random coil. In contrast, proteins that bind heme transiently are fully folded in their apo and holo states, presumably allowing both apo and holo forms to remain biologically active resisting aggregation or proteolysis. The principles identified here provide a framework for the design ofde novoproteins that will exhibit tight heme ligand binding and for the identification of the function of structural genomic target proteins with heme ligands. Proteins 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Aufstockung Junghofstraße Frankfurt – Sichtbarer Stahl für ein brandsicheres Gebäude
Authors: Lange Jörg , Ewald Karsten 
Published: April 2010

AbstractDie Aufstockung eines Bürogebäudes in der Frankfurter Innenstadt zeigt die Möglichkeiten des Stahlverbundbaus. Zwei wesentliche Vorteile dieser Bauweise sind das geringe Gewicht und die Möglichkeiten zum brandsicheren Bauen. Darüber hinaus beweist dieses Bauwerk, dass auch komplexe geometrische Formen in Stahl‐ und Stahlverbundbauweise realisiert werden können.Extension of the office building Junghofstraße, Frankfurt – Visible steel for a fire safe building. The addition of two new storeys to an existing office building in the centre of Frankfurt shows the potential of composite construction. Two major advantages are the low weight and the good performance in a fire. Additionally this project shows the ability to build a complex geometry by using steel and composite structures.
Duktilität von Stahl‐ und Verbundanschlüssen – Entwurfsregeln zur Verbesserung der Redundanz
Authors: Kuhlmann Ulrike , Rölle Lars 
Published: April 2010

AbstractDas tatsächliche Trag‐ und Verformungsverhalten von Anschlüssen in Stahl‐ und Verbundrahmentragwerken kann für den globalen Widerstand der Tragstruktur von entscheidender Bedeutung sein, da die in der statischen Berechnung angenommenen Randbedingungen nur idealisiert sind. Sind die Anschlüsse schwächer als die angeschlossenen Riegel, müssen diese ausreichend Umlagerungsmöglichkeiten, also Verformbarkeit besitzen, um die lokalen Einzeltragfähigkeiten der angeschlossenen Bauteile optimal nutzen, aber im Extremfall auch globale Systemreserven – Systemredundanz – aktivieren zu können. Das Ausbilden duktiler Anschlüsse bietet damit nicht nur eine Steigerung der Wirtschaftlichkeit, sondern erhöht auch noch die Redundanz des Gesamttragwerkes, was sich bei späterer Umnutzung oder auch bei außergewöhnlichen Beanspruchungssituationen positiv auswirken kann. Auf Grundlage zweier Forschungsvorhaben können erste Empfehlungen für eine duktile Auslegung von teiltragfähigen Stahl‐ und Verbundanschlüssen gegeben werden.Ductility of steel and composite connections – Design rules to improve the redundancy.The actual load bearing and deformation behaviour of beam‐to‐column connections in steel and composite structures might have decisive influence on the global resistance of the structural system, because the boundary conditions in the structural analyses are only idealized. Connections with smaller resistance than the adjacent beams should have sufficient deformation capacity for redistribution of internal forces, to be able to utilize the capacity of the single members best and to activate the global reserves of the structural system for exceptional situations. Designing ductile joint solutions offers not only an increase of efficiency but also an increase of redundancy for the load bearing structure. Thereof the structure is benefiting for later conversion or under exceptional loading conditions. Based on two research projects some guidelines for designing ductile joint solutions of steel and composite connections are given.
Wendepunkt|e im Bauen
Authors: Möller Eberhard 
Published: April 2010

AbstractVom 18. März bis 13. Juni 2010 zeigt das Architekturmuseum der Technischen Universität München in der Pinakothek der Moderne “Wendepunkt|e im Bauen”. Die Ausstellung, die gemeinsam mit den Lehrstühlen für Tragwerksplanung und Architekturinformatik erarbeitet wurde, präsentiert Erfindungen und Entwicklungen, die zu Symbolen für die Industrialisierung und die Digitalisierung des Bauens geworden sind: Vom Balloon Frame, dem Münchner Glaspalast oder Vladimir Šuchovs Gitterschalen über Raumfachwerke, Fertigteilsysteme und Bauroboter zu den heutigen, digital geplanten Freiformen aus Stahl, Glas oder Beton. Modelle, Filme und Animationen erläutern unter anderem Projekte wie Konrad Wachsmanns Flugzeug‐Hangar, Jean Prouvés Maison Tropicale, Richard Buckminster Fullers Geodesic Domes, Pier Luigi Nervis Palazzetto dello Sport und das MERO‐System einerseits aber auch Frank O. Gehrys Vitra Design Museum, Norman Fosters Überdachung des British Museum oder Ben van Berkels Mercedes‐Benz Museum andererseits. “Wendepunkt im Bauen” lautet auch der Titel von Konrad Wachsmanns viel zitierter Publikation, die 1959 zum epochalen Manifest für eine konsequente Industrialisierung des Bauens wurde und die den Anstoß gab, heute im Abstand von 50 Jahren nach Bedeutung und Wirkung der damaligen Forderungen zu fragen. Dabei haben wir festgestellt, dass sich in den letzten Jahrzehnten ein zweiter Wendepunkt etabliert hat: Die Digitalisierung wird für die Architektur und das Bauen von ähnlicher Relevanz sein wie einst die Industrialisierung.
General statistics of geographically dispersed wind power
Authors: Hasche Bernhard 
Published: April 2010

AbstractThe paper examines the variability of wind power generated by wind farms that are geographically dispersed in a region. The reduced variability of wind power generation with increasing region size and number of wind farms is referred to as the smoothing effect. In this paper, the smoothing effect is quantified by changes in standard deviation, skewness and kurtosis of hourly wind power generation and its temporal gradients. General approximative equations are derived that allow the calculation of these parameters in dependence of the region size and the mean generation. It is shown from which point on the smoothing effect depends only on the region size and no longer on the number of wind farms. Upscaling can then be an appropriate method to simulate future wind power generation as smoothing effects are no longer neglected. This paper also shows how approximative duration curves of wind power generation or its temporal gradients can be simulated by means of the calculated parameters. Hence, the analysis can be used to assess unmeasured or potential wind power generation i n a region. The presented approach and equations are verified by German and Irish generation data. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Peroral videocholangioscopy using narrow band imaging for early bile duct cancer (with video)
Authors: Itokawa Fumihide , Itoi Takao , Sofuni Atsushi 
Published: April 2010

AbstractWe described the usefulness of peroral videocholangioscopy for diagnosis of early bile duct cancer. In addition, we introduce the observation of the lesion using narrow band imaging in combination with a conventional white light imaging.