bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association of heparanase gene (HPSE‐1) single nucleotide polymorphisms with gastric cancer
Authors: Yue Zhenyu , Song Yongxi , Wang Zhenning , Luo Yang , Jiang Li , Xing Lili , Xu Huimian , Zhang Xue 
Published: April 2010

AbstractBackgroundHeparanase activity plays a decisive role in biological processes associated with remodeling of the extracellular matrix (e.g., cancer metastasis, angiogenesis, and inflammation). Heparanase gene overexpression has been associated with advanced stage and poor survival in several cancers. We investigated the potential association between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the HPSE‐1 gene, tumor susceptibility, clinicopathological parameters, and survival with gastric cancer among the Han population in northern China.MethodsIn this case–control study, there were 155 patients with gastric cancer and 204 healthy controls. The genotyping was performed using polymerase chain reaction–restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR–RFLP) assay. Chi‐square test was performed to exam differences of genotypes or alleles frequency between samples. The effect of various variables on outcome was investigated by multivariate analysis using the Cox proportional hazards model.ResultsWe identified four polymorphisms in the HPSE‐1 gene. Polymorphisms in introns 2 and 3, exon8, and exon13 occurred at a minor allele frequency of ≥10%. There was an increase in frequency of individuals with a genotype that carried the intron3 (A), exon8 (A), exon13 (G) haplotype (AAG) in patients with gastric cancer compared with healthy individuals (P = 0.0001; OR = 7.467; 95% CI: 2.274–24.509). SNP rs11099592 variant genotypes AG/AA were associated with a Borrmann type classification (P = 0.015; OR = 0.182; 95% CI: 0.049–0.668) and invasion depth (P = 0.020; OR = 0.341; 95% CI: 0.134–0.866), whereas SNP rs4328905 AG genotype was correlated to Lauren diffuse grade (P = 0.027; OR = 0.419; 95% CI 0.191–0.917). SNP rs6856901 variant genotypes GC/CC were associated with a better tumor‐related survival (P = 0.028; OR = 0.504; 95% CI: 0.273–0.930) compared with GG genotype.ConclusionsHPSE‐1 polymorphisms may contribute to gastric tumor characteristics. SNP rs6856901 may be helpful in identifying clinical outcome of patients with gastric cancer. J. Surg. Oncol. J. Surg. Oncol. 2010;102:68–72. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Chiral capillary electrophoresis with cationic pyrrolidinium‐β‐cyclodextrin derivatives as chiral selectors
Authors: Xiao Yin , Wang Yong , Ong Teng‐Teng , Ge Liya , Tan Swee Ngin , Young David J. , Tan T. T. Y. , Ng Siu‐Choon 
Published: April 2010

AbstractNew single‐isomer, cationic β‐cyclodextrins, including mono‐6‐deoxy‐6‐pyrrolidine‐β‐cyclodextrin chloride (pyCDCl), mono‐6‐deoxy‐6‐(N‐methyl‐pyrrolidine)‐β‐cyclodextrin chloride (N‐CH3‐pyCDCl), mono‐6‐deoxy‐6‐(N‐(2‐hydroxyethyl)‐pyrrolidine)‐β‐cyclodextrin chloride (N‐EtOH‐pyCDCl), mono‐6‐deoxy‐6‐(2‐hydroxymethyl‐pyrrolidine)‐β‐cyclodextrin chloride (2‐MeOH‐pyCDCl) were synthesized and used as chiral selectors in capillary electrophoresis for the enantioseparation of carboxylic and hydroxycarboxylic acids and dansyl amino acids. The unsubstituted pyCDCl exhibited the greatest resolving ability. Most analytes were resolved over a wide range of pH from 6.0 to 9.0 with this chiral selector. In general, increasing pH led to a decrease in resolution. The effective mobilities of all the analytes were found to decrease with increasing CD concentration. The optimal concentration for most carboxylic acids and dansyl amino acid was in the range 5–7.5 mM and >15 mM for hydroxycarboxylic acids. 1H NMR experiments provided direct evidence of inclusion in the CD cavity.
Considerations on comprehensive and off‐line supercritical fluid chromatography×reversed‐phase liquid chromatography for the analysis of triacylglycerols in fish oil
Authors: François Isabelle , Pereira Alberto dos Santos , Sandra Pat 
Published: April 2010

AbstractThe separation of the triacylglycerols in fish oil was performed by comprehensive and off‐line supercritical fluid chromatography combined with RP‐LC. The first dimension consisted of two serially coupled silver‐ion (SI)‐loaded columns operated with a supercritical mobile phase (supercritical fluid chromatography, SFC) in both the cases, whereas the second dimension was performed in non‐aqueous RP mode (NARP‐LC) on a 10‐cm monolithic octadecyl silica (ODS) or a 45‐cm long ODS column packed with 1.8 μm particles for the comprehensive and off‐line separations, respectively. Despite the outstanding performance of the SI‐SFC×NARP‐LC interface, the high complexity of the sample rendered the online separation far from complete. The off‐line approach gave much better separation mainly because of the higher peak capacity of the second‐dimension column, but even in this case, the use of MS was mandatory to elucidate the different triacylglycerols in fish oil. The disadvantage of the off‐line procedure was the long analysis time.
Laser Additive Manufacturing
Authors: Gasser Andres , Backes Gerhard , Kelbassa Ingomar , Weisheit Andreas , Wissenbach Konrad 
Published: April 2010

AbstractFocusing on laser additive manufacturing techniques for turbo‐engine applications, two major european and german funded projects, FANTASIA and TurPro, are presented. The aim of both projects is to contribute to winning global leadership of european turbo‐engine manufacturers by developing new flexible and near‐net‐shape additive manufacturing chains and repair techniques based on Laser Metal Deposition (LMD), as seen in Figure 1 and selective Laser Melting (SLM). This article reviews the status quo of FANTASIA and TurPro.
Simultaneous approximation by universal series
Authors: Tsirivas N. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractWe show that, if individual universal series exist, then we can choose a sequence of universal series performing simultaneous universal approximation with the same sequence of indices. As an application we derive the existence of universal Laurent Series on an annulus using only the existence of universal Taylor Series on discs. Our results are generic (© 2010 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Products of operator ideals and extensions of Schatten classes
Authors: Kühn Thomas , Mastyło Mieczysław 
Published: April 2010

AbstractWe study relations between Schatten classes and product operator ideals, where one of the factors is the Banach ideal ΠE,2 of (E, 2)‐summing operators, and where E is a Banach sequence space with ℓ2 ↪ E. We show that for a large class of 2‐convex symmetric Banach sequence spaces the product ideal ΠE,2 ○ 𝒮aq,s is an extension of the Schatten class 𝒮F with a suitable Lorentz space F. As an application, we obtain that if 2 ≤ p, q < ∞, 1/r = 1/p + 1/q and E is a 2‐convex symmetric space with fundamental function λE(n) ≈︁ n1/p, then ΠE,2 ○ Πq is an extension of the Schatten class 𝒮r,q (© 2010 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Plasma biomarkers associated with ALS and their relationship to iron homeostasis
Authors: Mitchell Ryan M. , Simmons Zachary , Beard John L. , Stephens Helen E. , Connor James R. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractAmyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease with complicated pathogenesis with variable presentation and disease progression. There is a critical need for a panel of biomarkers to provide clinicians and researchers with additional information. In this study, multiplex immunoassays were used to screen a number of cytokines, growth factors, and iron‐related proteins. ALS patients had significantly higher plasma levels of L‐ferritin and lower concentrations of transferrin when compared to healthy controls and together classified a test group of subjects with 82% accuracy. Duration of ALS symptoms correlated positively with levels of monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP‐1) and negatively with levels of granulocyte‐macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM‐CSF). The biomarker profile suggests iron homeostasis is disrupted in ALS patients, and changes in ferritin and transferrin (Tf) appear to be indicators of ongoing inflammatory processes. The data demonstrate a plasma biomarker profile in ALS patients that may differ from published reports of cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers. Muscle Nerve, 2010
Minimum standards for urodynamic practice in the UK
Authors: Singh Gurpreet , Lucas Malcolm , Dolan Lucia , Knight Stephanie , Ramage Carmel , Hobson Philip Toozs 
Published: April 2010

AbstractAimThis paper reports on the recent publication and wide distribution of a joint statement on minimum standards for urodynamic practice in the UK.MethodsA multidisciplinary working party were tasked with creating standards for both training and certification in urodynamics, as well as explicit standards for a framework of service delivery. This was done through a process of extensive consultation with relevant professional bodies.ResultsThe standards suggest a modular structure to urodynamics training, and make recommendations on minimum workload for individuals and departments, the need for multidisciplinary team working and for regular audit.ConclusionsThis is the first attempt to standardise urodynamics practice nationally. The document is available on the United Kingdom Continence Society websitewww.ukcs.uk.net. Neurourol. Urodynam. 29:1365–1372, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Construct validity of four exercise stage of change measures in adults
Authors: Astroth Kim S. , Fish Anne F. , Mitchell G. Lynn , Bachman Jean A. , Hsueh Kuei‐Hsiang 
Published: April 2010

AbstractMeasuring readiness to exercise, or exercise stage of change (ESOC), is an important first step when counseling adults about exercise. However, minimal construct validity testing of ESOC measures has been reported. With a sample of 95 adults, we estimated the construct validity of four ESOC measures with commonly used response formats (true/false, ladder, 5 choice, interview). Participants completed all four ESOC measures in random order as well as six validation measures: physical activity performed, exercise self‐efficacy, decisional balance pros and cons, and behavioral and experiential processes of change. Few participants were in the earliest stage of change. The true/false measure demonstrated the strongest validity. Further studies are needed in diverse samples with more representation across the stages of change. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Res Nurs Health 33:254–264, 2010
Hospitalization costs associated with warfarin‐related bleeding events among older community‐dwelling adults
Authors: Kim Michelle M. , Metlay Joshua , Cohen Abigail , Feldman Harold , Hennessy Sean , Kimmel Stephen , Strom Brian , Doshi Jalpa A. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractPurposeA prior paper from this study demonstrated that patient report of receiving medication instructions from health care professionals is associated with reduced risk of warfarin‐related bleeding hospitalizations. The objective of this analysis was to describe the hospitalization costs due to warfarin‐related bleeding events in older community‐dwelling adults and to estimate the hospitalization costs avoided due to the receipt of medication instruction from different sources.MethodsWe estimated the expected hospitalization costs associated with four instruction sources based on the respective incidence rate of observed hospitalizations and mean hospitalization cost for warfarin‐related bleeding episodes from a prospective cohort study of beneficiaries of the Pennsylvania Pharmaceutical Assistance Contract for the Elderly (PACE). We estimated hospitalization costs avoided due to each instruction source compared to no instructions using the payer's perspective. We conducted probabilistic sensitivity analysis to account for uncertainty in our parameters.ResultsOne hundred twenty‐six warfarin‐related bleeding hospitalizations occurred during the observation period with a mean cost of $10 819 (SD: $11 536). The mean expected hospitalization cost from a warfarin‐related bleeding hospitalization without instruction was $835 per year per person. Hospitalization costs avoided with instruction from a health care professional ranged from $443 to $481 per year per person.ConclusionsThe costs per hospitalization associated with warfarin‐related bleeding events are substantial. Instructions for warfarin management from a health care professional may reduce the number of warfarin‐related bleeding hospitalizations and associated costs. Investments in interventions to improve communication regarding warfarin management may be justified economically based on the potential cost savings estimated in this study. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Yukawa couplings and neutrinos in F‐theory compactifications
Authors: Tatar R. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractF‐theory has the advantage that all the Yukawa couplings of grand unified theories are included and can be computed. The Yukawa couplings of charged matter multiplets are generated around codimension‐3 singularity points of a base but the geometry of F‐theory compactifications is much more complicated. We discuss the relation of several issues related to the up‐type Yukawa couplings. We also consider the right handed neutrinos in F‐theory models.
Noncommutative geometry as a framework for unification of all fundamental interactions including gravity. Part I.
Authors: Chamseddine A.H. , Connes A. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractWe examine the hypothesis that space‐time is a product of a continuous four‐dimensional manifold times a finite space. A new tensorial notation is developed to present the various constructs of noncommutative geometry. In particular, this notation is used to determine the spectral data of the standard model. The particle spectrum with all of its symmetries is derived, almost uniquely, under the assumption of irreducibility and of dimension 6 modulo 8 for the finite space. The reduction from the natural symmetry group SU(2) × SU(2) × SU(4) to U(1) × SU(2) × SU(3) is a consequence of the hypothesis that the two layers of space‐time are finite distance apart but is non‐dynamical. The square of the Dirac operator, and all geometrical invariants that appear in the calculation of the heat kernel expansion are evaluated. We re‐derive the leading order terms in the spectral action. The geometrical action yields unification of all fundamental interactions including gravity at very high energies. We make the following predictions: (i) The number of fermions per family is 16. (ii) The symmetry group is U(1) × SU(2) × SU(3). (iii) There are quarks and leptons in the correct representations. (iv) There is a doublet Higgs that breaks the electroweak symmetry to U(1). (v) Top quark mass of 170–175 GeV. (v) There is a right‐handed neutrino with a see‐saw mechanism. Moreover, the zeroth order spectral action obtained with a cut‐off function is consistent with experimental data up to few percent. We discuss a number of open issues. We prepare the ground for computing higher order corrections since the predicted mass of the Higgs field is quite sensitive to the higher order corrections. We speculate on the nature of the noncommutative space at Planckian energies and the possible role of the fundamental group for the problem of generations.
Organ‐wide telomeric status in diseased and disease‐free prostatic tissues
Authors: Heaphy Christopher M. , Fleet Trisha M. , Treat Eric G. , Lee Sang‐Joon , Smith Anthony Y. , Davis Michael S. , Griffith Jeffrey K. , Fischer Edgar G. , Bisoffi Marco 
Published: April 2010

AbstractBackgroundTelomere attrition occurs early in the development of prostatic adenocarcinoma. However, little is known about either telomere status in benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), or the spatial and organ‐wide distribution of potential telomere aberrations throughout all areas of prostatic glands affected by cancer or BPH.MethodsSlot blot titration assay was used to determine telomere DNA content (TC), a proxy for telomere length, in macrodissected tissue consisting of 54 normal samples from 5 disease‐free prostates, 128 BPH samples from 4 non‐cancerous prostates, and 45 tumor, 73 BPH, and 4 prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN) samples from 5 cancerous prostates.ResultsCompared to TC in normal prostate samples (n = 54; TC mean = 0.98), tumor samples displayed telomere attrition (n = 45; TC mean = 0.67). TC in PIN samples was similar to tumors. TC in BPH samples from cancerous prostates was similar to TC in tumors and also displayed telomere shortening (n = 73; TC mean = 0.76), whereas BPH samples from non‐cancerous prostates displayed longer telomeres (n = 128; TC mean = 1.06). In prostates affected by adenocarcinoma, areas of potential telomere attrition occurred in histologically normal tissues through the entire gland. However, three‐dimensional zoning revealed a pattern of increasing TC as a function of distance from the primary (index) tumor.ConclusionsSpatial distributions of TC in prostate specimens indicate a complex “field effect” with varying contributions from both cancer and BPH. The observation that telomere length variations occur in fields of histologically normal tissues surrounding the tumor is of clinical importance, as it may have implications for the diagnosis and focal therapy of prostate cancer. Prostate 70: 1471–1479, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Antibodies as a model system for comparative model refinement
Authors: Sellers Benjamin D. , Nilmeier Jerome P. , Jacobson Matthew P. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractPredicting the conformations of loops is a critical aspect of protein comparative (homology) modeling. Despite considerable advances in developing loop prediction algorithms, refining loops in homology models remains challenging. In this work, we use antibodies as a model system to investigate strategies for more robustly predicting loop conformations when the protein model contains errors in the conformations of side chains and protein backbone surrounding the loop in question. Specifically, our test system consists of partial models of antibodies in which the “scaffold” (i.e., the portion other than the complementarity determining region, CDR, loops) retains native backbone conformation, whereas the CDR loops are predicted using a combination of knowledge‐based modeling (H1, H2, L1, L2, and L3) and ab initio loop prediction (H3). H3 is the most variable of the CDRs. Using a previously published method, a test set of 10 shorter H3 loops (5–7 residues) are predicted to an average backbone (NCαCO) RMSD of 2.7 Å while 11 longer loops (8–9 residues) are predicted to 5.1 Å, thus recapitulating the difficulties in refining loops in models. By contrast, in control calculations predicting the same loops in crystal structures, the same method reconstructs the loops to an average of 0.5 and 1.4 Å for the shorter and longer loops, respectively. We modify the loop prediction method to improve the ability to sample near‐native loop conformations in the models, primarily by reducing the sensitivity of the sampling to the loop surroundings, and allowing the other CDR loops to optimize with the H3 loop. The new method improves the average accuracy significantly to 1.3 Å RMSD and 3.1 Å RMSD for the shorter and longer loops, respectively. Finally, we present results predicting 8–10 residue loops within complete comparative models of five nonantibody proteins. While anecdotal, these mixed, full‐model results suggest our approach is a promising step toward more accurately predicting loops in homology models. Furthermore, while significant challenges remain, our method is a potentially useful tool for predicting antibody structures based on a known Fv scaffold. Proteins 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Social networks and selectivity in Brazilian migration to Japan and the United States
Authors: Zell Sarah , Skop Emily 
Published: April 2010

AbstractThis research analyses the composition of Brazilian migrants in two case studies, comparing the demographics of first‐time migrants over time in the network between Maringá, Brazil and Japan with that between Criciúma, Brazil and the US. Couched primarily within migrant social network theory, the research explores how the legal framework operating in each case influences the level and composition of Brazilian migration over time. Brazilian migration to Japan generally occurs within the context of a legally regulated ‘ethnic‐return’ guest worker program, whereas Brazilian migration to the US is largely unauthorised. The research shows that social networks do operate to diversify the migrant demographic composition over time in both migration flows. However, the development of and dependence on social networks appears stronger in migration to the US (at least initially), which suggests a relation between the legal context of the migration flow and the form and strength of its social networks. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Molecular dynamics study on different melting behaviors of CuN (N = 51–53) clusters
Authors: Zhang Lin , Sun Haixia 
Published: April 2010

AbstractThe structural changes of three Cu clusters containing 51–53 atoms during their melting processes have been studied by employing molecular dynamics simulations. The local structures in the atomic density shells are presented according to the pair index of Honeycutt and Andersen. Structural transformation temperatures of the three clusters are increased on increasing the cluster size. Owing to structural differences in these three clusters, their different melting behaviors can be observed. The simulations provide the implications for us to understand the effect of atomic packing in these clusters with icosahedron‐based geometries on causing the structural change differences at elevated temperature.
Reproducible and uniform growth of GaN based HEMTs on 4 inch SiC by plasma assisted molecular beam epitaxy suitable for production
Authors: Aidam Rolf , Waltereit Patrick , Kirste Lutz , Dammann Michael , Quay Rüdiger 
Published: April 2010

AbstractWe report on the progress of plasma assisted molecular beam epitaxy (PA‐MBE) of AlGaN/GaN based high‐electron‐mobility‐transistor (HEMT) structures towards a process suitable for production. A uniform growth process on SiC substrates with diameter up to 4 inch was developed with variations in thickness and composition of Δd/d = ±1% and Δx = ±0.5%, respectively, and an excellent run‐to‐run reproducibility. The device quality was evaluated after processing with a 4 inch technology. Processed wafers exhibit very good uniformity and yield. Identical performance of all transistors on the entire wafers with high power added efficiency (PAE) of 63%, power density of 6 W/mm, linear gain around 25 dB, and gate leakage currents below 10 µA/mm at 2 GHz and 50 V drain bias were achieved. Accelerated lifetime tests revealed promising long term stability.
Work hardening and inherent plastic instability of nanocrystalline metals
Authors: Kurmanaeva L. , Ivanisenko Yu. , Markmann J. , Yang K. , Fecht H.‐J. , Weissmüller J. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractWe report an investigation of the mechanical behaviour of nanocrystalline (nc) Pd and Pd90Au10 with mean grain size around 14 nm. All specimens were brittle in tension and ductile in compression. We analyze the parameters that control a material's potential for ductility in tension, namely strain hardening exponent, n, and strain rate sensitivity, m. The results reveal low values, n ≈ m ≈ 0.05. This constitutive behavior is known to promote plastic instability and, hence, rapid fracture in tension. Therefore, our results suggest that a tendency for localized deformation is an inherent feature of nc materials. It appears that the limited ductility of nc materials in tension is not related to microstructural flaws, but is a consequence of the concomitant low values of n and m. (© 2010 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)