bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Honokiol and magnolol stimulate glucose uptake by activating PI3K‐dependent Akt in L6 myotubes
Authors: Choi Sun‐Sil , Cha Byung‐Yoon , Lee Young‐Sil , Yonezawa Takayuki , Teruya Toshiaki , Nagai Kazuo , Woo Je‐Tae 
Published: June 2012

AbstractHonokiol and magnolol, ingredients of Magnolia officinalis, which is used in traditional Chinese and Japanese medicines, have been reported to have antioxidant, anticancer, and antiangiogenic effects. Effects of these compounds on glucose metabolism in adipocytes have also been reported. However, their effects on skeletal muscle glucose uptake and the underlying molecular mechanisms are still unknown. Here, we investigated the direct effects and signaling pathways activated by honokiol and magnolol in skeletal muscle cells using L6 myotubes. We found that honokiol and magnolol dose‐dependently acutely stimulated glucose uptake without synergistic effects of combined administration in L6 myotubes. Treatment with honokiol and magnolol also stimulated glucose transporter‐4 translocation to the cell surface. Honokiol‐ and magnolol‐stimulated glucose uptake was blocked by the phosphatidylinositol‐3 kinase inhibitor, wortmannin. Both honokiol and magnolol stimulated Akt phosphorylation, a key element in the insulin signaling pathway, which was completely inhibited by wortmannin. These results suggest that honokiol and magnolol might have beneficial effects on glucose metabolism by activating the insulin signaling pathway. © 2012 International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.
Feature‐based probabilistic texture blending with feature variations for terrains
Authors: Ferraris John , Tian Feng , Gatzidis Christos 
Published: June 2012

ABSTRACTThe use of linear interpolation to blend different terrain types with distinct features produces translucency artefacts that can detract from the realism of the scene. The approach presented in this paper addresses the feature agnosticism of linear blending and makes the distinction between features (bricks, cobble stone, etc.) and non‐features (cement, mortar, etc.). Using the blend weights from Bloom's texture splatting, intermittent texture transitions are generated on the fly without the need for artistic intervention. Furthermore, feature shapes are modified dynamically to give the illusion of wear and tear, thus further reducing repetition and adding authenticity to the scene. The memory footprint is constant regardless of texture complexity and uses nearly eight times less texture memory when compared to tile‐based texture mapping. The scalability and diversity of our approach can be tailored to a wide range of hardware and can utilize textures of any size and shape compared to the grid layout and memory limitations of tile‐based texture mapping. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Stereoselective Interactions between Local Anesthetics and Ion Channels
Authors: Valenzuela Carmen , Moreno Cristina , de la Cruz Alicia , Macías Álvaro , Prieto Ángela , González Teresa 
Published: June 2012

ABSTRACTLocal anesthetics are useful probes of ion channel function and structure. Stereoselective interactions are especially interesting because they can reveal three‐dimensional relationships between drugs and channels with otherwise identical biophysical and physicochemical properties. Furthermore, stereoselectivity suggests direct and specific receptor‐mediated action, and identification of such stereospecific interactions may have important clinical consequences. The fact that drug targets are able to discriminate between the enantiomers present in a racemic drug is the consequence of the ordered asymmetric macromolecular units that form living cells. However, almost 25% of the drugs used in the clinical practice are racemic mixtures, and their individual enantiomers frequently differ in both their pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic profiles. Moreover, their effects can be similar to or different from the pharmacological effect of the drug and may contribute to the undesired effects of the drug. In other cases, the pharmacological effects induced by the two enantiomers on the molecular target are opposite. In the present manuscript, we will review the stereoselective effects of bupivacaine‐like local anesthetics on cardiac sodium and potassium channels. Chirality 24:944–950, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Shrinker: efficient live migration of virtual clusters over wide area networks
Authors: Riteau Pierre , Morin Chritine , Priol Thierry 
Published: June 2012

SUMMARYLive virtual machine migration is a powerful feature of virtualization technologies. It enables efficient load balancing, reduces energy consumption through dynamic consolidation, and makes infrastructure maintenance transparent to users. Although live migration is available across wide area networks with state of the art systems, it remains expensive to use because of the large amounts of data to transfer, especially when migrating virtual clusters rather than single virtual machine instances. As evidenced by previous research, virtual machines running identical or similar operating systems have significant portions of their memory and storage containing identical data. We propose Shrinker, a live virtual machine migration system leveraging this common data to improve live virtual cluster migration between data centers interconnected by wide area networks. Shrinker detects memory pages and disk blocks duplicated in a virtual cluster to avoid sending the same content multiple times over wide‐area network links. Virtual machine data is retrieved in the destination site with distributed content‐based addressing. We implemented a prototype of Shrinker in the KVM (Kernel‐based Virtual Machine) hypervisor and present a performance evaluation in a distributed environment. Experiments show that it reduces both total data transferred and total migration time. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The ENU‐induced cetus mutation reveals an essential role of the DNA helicase DDX11 for mesoderm development during early mouse embryogenesis
Authors: Cota Christina D. , García‐García María J. 
Published: June 2012

AbstractBackground: DDX11 is a DNA helicase of the conserved FANCJ/RAD3/XPD family involved in maintaining genome stability. Studies in yeast and humans have shown requirements for DDX11 in sister chromatid cohesion and DNA repair. In mouse, loss of Ddx11 results in embryonic lethality. However, the developmental defects of Ddx11 mutants are poorly understood. Results: We describe the characterization and positional cloning of cetus, a mouse ENU‐induced mutation in Ddx11. We demonstrate that cetus causes a nonconservative amino acid change in DDX11 motif V and that this mutation is a null allele of Ddx11. cetus mutant embryos failed to thrive beyond embryonic day 8.5 and displayed placental defects similar to those described in Ddx11 null embryos. Additionally, our characterization of Ddx11cetus mutants identified embryonic phenotypes that had not been previously reported in Ddx11KO embryos, including loss of somitic mesoderm, an open kinked neural tube and abnormal heart looping. We show that loss of Ddx11 causes widespread apoptosis from early embryonic stages and that loss of Ddx11 disrupts somitic mesoderm more dramatically than other embryonic cells. Conclusions: Our results identify novel roles of Ddx11 during embryo morphogenesis and demonstrate that the activity of its motif V is essential for DDX11 function. Developmental Dynamics 241:1249–1259, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A Late Carboniferous algal mound from the Tarim Basin, NW China: internal structure and palaeoecology
Authors: Chen Zhong‐Qiang 
Published: June 2012

ABeresella‐dominated algal mound and its internal construction from Paojianggou, southwestern Tarim Basin, NW China are studied for the first time. This algal mound was constructed during the early–middle late Moscovian and its age is constrained by fusulinids of theFusulina kamensisandF.quasicylindricazones of middle Pennsylvanian age. The mound substrate beds are composed of crinoid and brachiopod grainstones. Crinoid bank and brachiopod‐dominated skeletal shoals indicate a high‐energy environment and produced a local topographic high on which the mound grew.Komiabafflestone of the foremound facies further increased the relief of the crinoid bank on the seafloor. The lower part of the mound framework is dominated byShamovella–Archaeolithoporellaboundstone, while the main (upper) mound framework consists predominantly ofBeresellaboundstone. Grainstone–packstone characterizes the windward mound flank facies. The mound capping facies include a lower skeletal packstone–wackestone and an upper lagoon facies marlstone and black shale. Various algal colonies performed different roles in the formation of the mound.Komiacolonies were the mound constructors that baffled higher energy currents and entrapped fine sediment.Archaeolithoporella,Shamovellaand possibly microbes (cyanobacteria) acted as the binders to stabilize mud and fine‐grained sediment.Beresellacolonies were the major framework constructors whose network entrapped the mud to build the mound.The growth of the Paojianggou mound in the Tarim Basin has undergone three major algal colonization stages:Komiabaffling, laminarArchaeolithoporellaandShamovellaencrusting and binding, andBeresellabinding and stabilizing. The Paojianggou mound developed in a protected lagoonal position behind the shoals and grew during a short rise in sea level followed by a long‐period sea‐level fall. Its demise was caused by terrigenous siliciclastic input due to regional tectonic uplifting in the Tarim Basin during the latest Moscovian time. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
CCPE: Methodology for a Combined Evaluation of Cognitive and Physical Ergonomics in the Interaction between Human and Machine
Authors: Bligård Lars‐Ola , Osvalder Anna‐Lisa 
Published: June 2012

AbstractEvaluation methods of today often focus on cognitive ergonomics (such as mental workload or usability) or physical ergonomics (such as physical workload or body posture). This article describes an analytical methodology of a joint systematic search for potential deficiencies in the human–machine interaction; such as high physical and mental workload, use errors, usability problems, and physical ergonomic errors. The purpose with the joint search is to achieve a more holistic evaluation approach and make the evaluation cost more effective than when using separate evaluation methods for cognitive and physical ergonomic aspects. The methodology is task‐based, which makes it possible to use both with focus on the device design, as in development projects; as well as with focus on the procedure, in the operative organization. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
E‐tracers: Development of a low cost wireless technique for exploring sub‐surface hydrological systems
Authors: Bagshaw Elizabeth A. , Burrow Stephen , Wadham Jemma L. , Bowden James , Lishman Ben , Salter Mike , Barnes Richard , Nienow Peter 
Published: June 2012

AbstractThis briefing describes the first deployment of a new electronic tracer (E‐tracer) for obtaining along‐flowpath measurements in subsurface hydrological systems. These low‐cost, wireless sensor platforms were deployed into moulins on the Greenland Ice Sheet. After descending into the moulin, the tracers travelled through the subglacial drainage system before emerging at the glacier portal. They are capable of collecting along‐flowpath data from the point of injection until detection. The E‐tracers emit a radio frequency signal, which enables sensor identification, location and recovery from the proglacial plain. The second generation of prototype E‐tracers recorded water pressure, but the robust sensor design provides a versatile platform for measuring a range of parameters, including temperature and electrical conductivity, in hydrological environments that are challenging to monitor using tethered sensors. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Generalized autoregressive conditional heteroscedasticity modelling of hydrologic time series
Authors: Modarres R. , Ouarda T. B. M. J. 
Published: June 2012

AbstractThe existence of time‐dependent variance or conditional variance, commonly called heteroscedasticity, in hydrologic time series has not been thoroughly investigated. This paper deals with modelling the heteroscedasticity in the residuals of the seasonal autoregressive integrated moving average (SARIMA) model using a generalized autoregressive conditional heteroscedasticity (GARCH) model. The model is applied to two monthly rainfall time series from humid and arid regions. The effect of Box–Cox transformation and seasonal differencing on the remaining seasonal heteroscedasticity in the residuals of the SARIMA model is also investigated. It is shown that the seasonal heteroscedasticity in the residuals of the SARIMA model can be removed using Box–Cox transformation along with seasonal differencing for the humid region rainfall. On the other hand, transformation and seasonal differencing could not remove heteroscedasticity from the residuals of the SARIMA model fitted to rainfall data in the arid region. Therefore, the GARCH modelling approach is necessary to capture the heteroscedasticity remaining in the residuals of a SARIMA model. However, the evaluation criteria do not necessarily show that the GARCH model improves the performance of the SARIMA model. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Role of FAP48 in HIV‐associated lipodystrophy
Authors: Esposito Vincenzo , Manente Lucrezia , Lucariello Angela , Perna Angelica , Viglietti Rosaria , Gargiulo Miriam , Parrella Roberto , Parrella Giovanni , Baldi Alfonso , De Luca Antonio , Chirianni Antonio 
Published: June 2012

AbstractThe highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) can cause a metabolic syndrome consisting of lipodystropy/lipoatrophy, dyslipidemia, and type 2 diabetes mellitus with an increased cardiovascular risk. The pathogenetic bases of HAART‐associated lipodystrophy are poorly known. A genetic screen was used to evaluate proteins that are modulated in HIV‐1‐infected patients with or without lipodystrophy syndrome, that are routinely treated with HAART regimens. The most significant modulation was represented by FAP48 expression. Stable over‐expression of FAP48 was able to alter, in vitro, adipogenesis, acting both on calcineurin and glucocorticoid pathways. Finally, we demonstrated that FAP48 over‐expression was able to influence the capacity of some HIV drugs, Saquinavir and Efavirenz, but not Stavudine, Amprenavir, and Indinavir to inhibit adipocyte formation. In conclusion, this molecule could be a potential target for novel therapeutic approaches to the HAART related lipodystrophy in HIV patients. J. Cell. Biochem. 113: 3446–3454, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Computational study on hydrolysis of cefotaxime in gas phase and in aqueous solution
Authors: Meliá Conchín , Ferrer Silvia , Moliner Vicent , Tuñón Iñaki , Bertrán Juan 
Published: June 2012

AbstractWe are presenting a theoretical study of the hydrolysis of a β‐lactam antibiotic in gas phase and in aqueous solution by means of hybrid quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics potentials. After exploring the potential energy surfaces at semiempirical and density functional theory (DFT) level, potentials of mean force have been computed for the reaction in solution with hybrid PM3/TIP3P calculations and corrections with the B3LYP and M06‐2X functionals. Inclusion of the full molecule of the antibiotic, Cefotaxime, in the gas phase molecular model has been demonstrated to be crucial since its carboxylate group can activate a nucleophilic water molecule. Moreover, the flexibility of the substrate implies the existence of a huge number of possible conformers, some of them implying formation of intramolecular hydrogen bond interaction that can determine the energetics of the conformers defining the different states along the reaction profile. The results show PM3 provides results that are in qualitative agreement with DFT calculations. The free energy profiles show a step‐wise mechanism that is kinetically determined by the nucleophilic attack of a water molecule activated by the proton transfer to the carboxylate group of the substrate (the first step). However, since the main role of the β‐lactamase would be reducing the free energy barrier of the first step, and keeping in mind the barrier obtained from second intermediate to products, population of this second intermediate could be significant and consequently experimentally detected in β‐lactamases, as shown in the literature. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Perceived organizational support and embeddedness as key mechanisms connecting socialization tactics to commitment and turnover among new employees
Authors: Allen David G. , Shanock Linda Rhoades 
Published: June 2012

SummaryRetention of new hires is a critical issue for organizations. We propose that relationships are important mechanisms through which socialization tactics influence commitment and turnover. The key theoretical mechanisms connecting socialization tactics to turnover in our model are the extent to which newcomers perceive their relationship with the organization as supportive, caring, and entailing positive social exchanges and the extent to which newcomers become embedded within the organization. We collected longitudinal data from over 500 employees over the first year of employment. Consistent with our hypotheses, socialization tactics influence perceived organizational support (POS) and job embeddedness, and POS and embeddedness both relate to organizational commitment and voluntary turnover. Results support POS and embeddedness as relational mechanisms that bind employees to the organization as a result of socialization tactics. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Interpreting the success of Zappos.com, Four Seasons, and Nordstrom: Customer centricity is but one‐third of the job
Authors: Kopelman Richard E. , Chiou Andy Y. , Lipani Louis J. , Zhu Zhu 
Published: June 2012

AbstractCan organizations that are noted for outstanding customer service rely solely on their remarkable customer‐centricity to achieve success? An analysis incorporating Internet‐based surveys, traditional measures of customer satisfaction and financial performance, and an examination of the practices at three exceptionally successful customer‐focused companies—Zappos.com, Four Seasons, and Nordstrom—shows that an emphasis on employee satisfaction and productivity also play key roles in organizational excellence. Management practices at these firms illustrate the validity of the Cube One framework, which posits that a combination of customer‐, employee‐, and productivity‐directed practices drives organizational performance. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Falling over a glass cliff: A study of the recruitment of women to leadership roles in troubled enterprises
Authors: Hunt‐Earle Keziah 
Published: June 2012

AbstractAre women breaking through the glass ceiling only to arrive at a glass cliff—that is, being preferentially appointed to leadership roles where the chances of failure are higher? This study investigates the concept of the glass cliff, both by seeking evidence for its existence and by examining its implications. Focusing specifically on the impact of the recruiter's gender, the researchers asked professionals from a range of backgrounds to evaluate candidates for a post in a hypothetical company that was portrayed either as a success or as in decline. Taken as a whole, the results support the existence of a glass cliff. When the results from male and female recruiters were analyzed separately, a different picture emerged, however. Male recruiters showed no gender preference in the failing company context but favored the male candidate for the low‐risk position. In contrast, female recruiters consistently favored a female candidate, with this preference being more marked for a high‐risk role. The study concluded by looking into the possible motivations for these biases and examining their implications in informing recruitment and career decisions. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Putting Rhineland principles into practice in Thailand: Sustainable leadership at Bathroom Design Company
Authors: Kantabutra Sooksan 
Published: June 2012

AbstractEnterprises in less developed economies that wish to sustain success have a choice of business models to follow. This case study investigates the extent to which a Thai corporation engages in management practices matching the 19 sustainable leadership criteria attributed to Rhineland organizations and distills those practices into six categories: a focus on long‐term perspective, staff development, organizational culture, innovation, social responsibility, and ethical behavior. In sharp contrast to the prevailing Anglo/US business model of short‐term maximization of profitability, these practices offered the company a solid framework for evaluating its corporate sustainability. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Salt effect on phenolics and antioxidant activities of Tunisian and Canadian sweet marjoram (Origanum majoranaL.) shoots
Authors: Baâtour Olfa , Mahmoudi Hela , Tarchoun Imen , Nasri Nawel , Trabelsi Najla , Kaddour Rym , Zaghdoudi Maha , Hamdawi Ghaith , Ksouri Riadh. , Lachaâl Mokhtar , Marzouk Brahim 
Published: June 2012

AbstractBACKGROUND: Two varieties ofOriganum majorana(Canadian and Tunisian) were evaluated for their phenolic, flavonoid and tannin contents, individual phenolic compounds and antioxidant activities under NaCl constraint.RESULTS: The results showed a significant variability in phenolic composition and antioxidant behavior between the two varieties under salt stress. The phenolic composition of methanolic extracts was determined by reversed‐phase high‐performance liquid chromatography. Amentoflavone was the predominant flavonoid compound; in addition,trans‐2‐hydrocinnamic acid became the major phenolic acid with salt treatment of the Tunisian variety. In the control, Canadian variety extract was characterized by high levels of gallic acid and amentoflavone. However, under 75 mmol L−1NaCl, gallic acid content doubled, whereas amentoflavone content was maintained in the Canadian variety. Stimulation of phenolic acid biosynthesis was observed in these two varieties under salt treatment despite the fact that shoots of the Tunisian variety showed higher antioxidant activities compared to those from the Canadian variety. TunisianO. majoranamight have developed tolerance to salinity and avoided tissue damage by activating enzymes involved in the galactosylation of quercetin into quercetin‐3‐galactoside and quercetin‐3‐rhamnoside.CONCLUSION: Our results confirmed the tolerance of TunisianO. majoranaplants. Copyright © 2012 Society of Chemical Industry
Donation After Cardiac Death in Abdominal Organ Transplantation
Authors: Reich David J. , Guy Stephen R. 
Published: June 2012

AbstractThis article reviews the field of donation after cardiac death, focusing on the history, ethicolegal issues, clinical outcomes, best practices, operative techniques, and emerging strategies to optimize utilization of this resource. Donation after cardiac death is one effective way to decrease the organ shortage and has contributed the largest recent increase in abdominal organ allografts. Currently, donation after cardiac death organs confer an increased risk of ischemic cholangiopathy after liver transplant and of delayed graft function after kidney transplant. As this field matures, risk factors for donation after cardiac death organ transplant will be further identified and clinical outcomes will improve as a result of protocol standardization and ongoing research. Mt Sinai J Med 2012 DOI: 10.1002/msj.21309