bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Life Satisfaction, Self-Determination, and Consumption Adequacy at the Bottom of the Pyramid
Authors: Martin Kelly D. , Paul Hill Ronald 
Published: March 2012

Abstract
Concentration on consumption in material environments characterized by too much rather than too little creates important gaps in the understanding of how much of the earth’s population navigates the marketplace. This study investigates bottom-of-the-pyramid, or impoverished, consumers to better comprehend the relationship between societal poverty and individual life satisfaction as moderated by psychological need deprivation and described by self-determination theory. Data were gathered from more than 77,000 individuals in 51 of the world’s poorest countries. Using hierarchical linear models, results show that relatedness and autonomy improve poverty’s negative influence on life satisfaction, but only if basic life necessities are available, described as consumption adequacy. Findings illustrate that without consumption adequacy, psychological need fulfillment has little effect on the poverty–well-being relationship, emphasizing the hopelessness of individuals living in extreme poverty. Findings also suggest to researchers that impoverished consumers not only face different circumstances but actually respond to those circumstances in unique ways.
Lenses of the Heart: How Actors’ and Observers’ Perspectives Influence Emotional Experiences
Authors: Hung Iris W. , Mukhopadhyay Anirban 
Published: March 2012

AbstractThis research examines how the visual perspectives that people take to appraise an event, that is, whether they view themselves as actors in the situation or observers of it, influence the intensities of the emotions they experience. We predict that in a situation that elicits emotions, greater attention to the self (if using an observer’s perspective) leads to greater intensity of self-conscious emotions such as pride, guilt, and embarrassment, whereas greater attention to the situation (if using an actor’s perspective) leads to greater intensity of hedonic emotions such as joy, sorrow, and excitement. In this way, visual perspectives can act as situational antecedents that shape the use of emotion appraisals. Three experiments support these propositions and demonstrate the mediating role of appraisals, across a variety of emotion-eliciting contexts, that were visualized as well as recalled.
Visible light responsive titania-based nanostructures for photocatalytic, photovoltaic and photoelectrochemical applications
Authors: Nguyen Van Hieu , Nguyen Bich Ha 
Published: March 2012

Abstract
This work presents a topical review of selected articles on visible light responsive titania-based nanostructures used for fabricating the photoanodes of the photocatalytic and photoelectrical cells for hydrogen production by water splitting or fuel decomposition, electricity generation by fuel decomposition and pollutant degradation under illumination by sunlight as well as for fabricating dye-sensitized and quantum dot-sensitized solar cells. Three main types of related nanostructures are reviewed: anion-doped titania nanomaterials, cation-doped titania nanomaterials and titania-based nanostructures sensitized by dyes and quantum dots. After the presentation of the obtained results, the prospective further research works to achieve the successful fabrication of visible light responsive photocatalytic, photoelectrochemical or photovoltaic devices with high performance are discussed.
The synthesis of α-MnO2nanorods using hydrothermal homogeneous precipitation
Authors: Hlaing Aye Aye , Win Phyu Phyu 
Published: March 2012

AbstractClear and uniform one-dimensional (1D) α-MnO2nanorods with diameters of 30–50 nm were prepared by hydrothermal treatment of homogeneous solution of hydratedMnSO4andKMnO4with a littleH2O2. Upon control of hydrothermal conditions (reaction temperature and duration time), an excellent crystalline phase ofMnO2was obtained and its morphology was investigated. The crystal structures of as-synthesizedMnO2products have been characterized by x-ray diffraction (XRD). The morphology of the product was examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and the chemical composition was analyzed using energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) along with SEM. The Mn concentration was determined by the chemical titration method.
YOABS: yet other aligner of biological sequences—an efficient linearly scaling nucleotide aligner
Authors: Galinsky V. L. 
Published: March 2012

Abstract
Motivation: Explosive growth of short-read sequencing technologies in the recent years resulted in rapid development of many new alignment algorithms and programs. But most of them are not efficient or not applicable for reads ≳200 bp because these algorithms specifically designed to process short queries with relatively low sequencing error rates. However, the current trend to increase reliability of detection of structural variations in assembled genomes as well as to facilitate de novo sequencing demand complimenting high-throughput short-read platforms with long-read mapping. Thus, algorithms and programs for efficient mapping of longer reads are becoming crucial. However, the choice of long-read aligners effective in terms of both performance and memory are limited and includes only handful of hash table (BLAT, SSAHA2) or trie (Burrows-Wheeler Transform - Smith-Waterman (BWT-SW), Burrows-Wheeler Alignerr - Smith-Waterman (BWA-SW)) based algorithms.
Results: New O(n) algorithm that combines the advantages of both hash and trie-based methods has been designed to effectively align long biological sequences (≳200 bp) against a large sequence database with small memory footprint (e.g. ~2 GB for the human genome). The algorithm is accurate and significantly more fast than BLAT or BWT-SW, but similar to BWT-SW it can find all local alignments. It is as accurate as SSAHA2 or BWA-SW, but uses 3+ times less memory and 10+ times faster than SSAHA2, several times faster than BWA-SW with low error rates and almost two times less memory.
Availability and implementation: The prototype implementation of the algorithm will be available upon request for non-commercial use in academia (local hit table binary and indices are at ftp://styx.ucsd.edu).
Contact: vit@ucsd.edu
Supplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Essential role of macrophages in the initiation of allergic rhinitis in mice sensitized intranasally once with cedar pollen: regulation of class switching of immunoglobulin in B cells by controlling interleukin‐4 production in T cells of submandibular lymph nodes
Authors: Hirano Masayo , Ogita‐Nakanishi Hiromi , Miyachi Wakako , Hannya Natsuki , Yamamoto‐Kimoto Yumiko , Sakurai Kanji , Miyoshi‐Higashino Masako , Tashiro‐Yamaji Junko , Kato Ryuji , Ijiri Yoshio , Tanaka Kazuhiko , Kanazawa Atsuko , Terada Tetsuya , Kawata Ryo , Takenaka Hiroshi , Kubota Takahiro , Yoshida Ryotaro 
Published: March 2012

ABSTRACTThe production of allergen‐specific IgE antibodies (Abs) in allergen‐sensitized patients or animals has a mutual relationship with the immunologic response leading to allergic rhinitis. We recently reported that, after an intranasal injection of cedar pollen into mice, an interleukin‐4 (IL‐4)‐dependent increase in serum nonspecific IgE Abs was a prerequisite for the production of serum allergen‐specific IgE Abs. Here, we explored which lymphoid organs were responsive to the intranasally injected allergen and how IL‐4 and IgE Abs were produced in the lymphocytes. Time‐dependent changes in the total cell numbers and in in vitro IgE Ab production in various lymphoid organs revealed that the submandibular lymph nodes were the main responsible organ. After treatment with allergen (for IgE production) or allergen and complete Freund's adjuvant (for IgG production), we separated submandibular lymph node cells into macrophage‐, lymphocyte‐, and granulocyte‐rich populations by discontinuous Percoll density‐gradient centrifugation. Unexpectedly, bulk cells, but not the lymphocyte‐ or macrophage‐rich populations, produced significant amounts of IL‐4, IgE, and IgG; whereas production was restored by addition of Mac‐1+ cells from the macrophage‐rich to the lymphocyte‐rich fraction. Furthermore, a combination of the lymphocyte‐rich population (for IgG [or IgE]) production) and the macrophage‐rich population (for IgE [or IgG]) production) produced a large amount of IgE (or IgG). These results indicate that, in the initiation of allergic rhinitis, macrophages in the submandibular lymph nodes are essential not only for IL‐4 or immunoglobulin production, but also for class switching of immunoglobulin in lymphocytes.
Raalin, a transcript enriched in the honey bee brain, is a remnant of genomic rearrangement in hymenoptera
Authors: Tirosh Y. , Morpurgo N. , Cohen M. , Linial M. , Bloch G. 
Published: March 2012

AbstractWe identified a predicted compact cysteine‐rich sequence in the honey bee genome that we called ‘Raalin’. Raalin transcripts are enriched in the brain of adult honey bee workers and drones, with only minimum expression in other tissues or in pre‐adult stages. Open‐reading frame (ORF) homologues of Raalin were identified in the transcriptomes of fruit flies, mosquitoes and moths. The Raalin‐like gene from Drosophila melanogaster encodes for a short secreted protein that is maximally expressed in the adult brain with negligible expression in other tissues or pre‐imaginal stages. Raalin‐like sequences have also been found in the recently sequenced genomes of six ant species, but not in the jewel wasp Nasonia vitripennis. As in the honey bee, the Raalin‐like sequences of ants do not have an ORF. A comparison of the genome region containing Raalin in the genomes of bees, ants and the wasp provides evolutionary support for an extensive genome rearrangement in this sequence. Our analyses identify a new family of ancient cysteine‐rich short sequences in insects in which insertions and genome rearrangements may have disrupted this locus in the branch leading to the Hymenoptera. The regulated expression of this transcript suggests that it has a brain‐specific function.
Functional interactions between members of the REPAT family of insect pathogen‐induced proteins
Authors: Navarro‐Cerrillo G. , Ferré J. , de Maagd R. A. , Herrero S. 
Published: March 2012

AbstractStudies on the transcriptional response to pathogens in the insect larval gut have shown the regulation of several genes after the infection. Repat (REsponse to PAThogens) genes were first identified in Spodoptera exigua midgut as being up‐regulated in response to the exposure to Bacillus thuringiensis toxins and baculovirus. Recently, new members of the REPAT family showed a constitutive up‐regulation in a B. thuringiensis‐resistant population. Based on a yeast two‐hybrid screening, we have detected the interaction of REPAT1 with other members of the REPAT family, leading to the discovery of a new member: REPAT8. The functional role of this interaction was shown by following the changes of the subcellular localization of REPAT1 in the presence of REPAT8. REPAT1 alone was localized exclusively in the cytoplasm, while the presence of REPAT8 led to the migration of REPAT1 to the nucleus. Finally, analysis of the expression pattern of eight REPAT members has shown that B. thuringiensis‐related treatments (Cry1Ca toxin, Xentari™ product and an acrystalliferous strain) induced a general up‐regulation of repat genes, especially of repat2. In contrast, no significant effect was detected after treatment with Escherichia coli or Enterococcus sp., or by the presence of microbiota in the midgut. The results suggest that the different repat genes play different roles in response to pathogens.
Decontamination efficacy of photon‐initiated photoacoustic streaming (PIPS) of irrigants using low‐energy laser settings: an ex vivo study
Authors: Pedullà E. , Genovese C. , Campagna E. , Tempera G. , Rapisarda E. 
Published: March 2012

Pedullà E, Genovese C, Campagna E, Tempera G, Rapisarda E. Decontamination efficacy of photon‐initiated photoacoustic streaming (PIPS) of irrigants using low‐energy laser settings: an ex vivo study. International Endodontic Journal, 45, 865–870, 2012.AbstractAim  To assess ex vivo, the antibacterial effectiveness of photon‐initiated photoacoustic streaming (PIPS) of irrigants using an Er:YAG laser equipped with a newly designed, stripped and tapered tip in extracted teeth with infected root canals.Methodology  One hundred and forty‐eight single‐rooted extracted teeth were prepared to a size 25, 0.06 taper. The specimens were sterilized, and all teeth except ten (negative control group) were inoculated with Enterococcus faecalis and incubated in a CO2 chamber at 37 °C for 15 days in Eppendorf tubes filled with trypticase soy broth medium changed every 2 days. Infected teeth were then randomly divided into four test groups (n = 32 for each): pulsed erbium/YAG laser at nonablative settings for 30 s with sterile bi‐distilled water (Group A) or 5% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) (Group B); without laser‐activated sterile bi‐distilled water irrigation for 30 s (Group C) or 5% NaOCl irrigation for 30 s (Group D); the positive control group received no treatment in infected teeth (n = 10). Colony‐forming units (CFUs) were counted from bacteriologic samples taken before (S1) and after treatment (S2). Data were analysed by Kruskal–Wallis and post hoc Dunn’s multiple comparison tests.Results  CFU counts were significantly lower in 5% NaOCl groups with or without laser activation than in sterile bi‐distilled water without laser activation group (P < 0.001). Moreover, there was a significant difference between bi‐distilled water groups with or without laser activation (P < 0.001). Sodium hypochlorite with laser activation group had the greatest CFU reduction, which was significantly greater than that evident in bi‐distilled water groups with or without laser activation (P < 0.001). There were no significant differences between 5% NaOCl groups with or without laser activation (P > 0.05). None of the four groups generated negative samples predictably.Conclusions  Under the conditions of this ex vivo study, there were no significant differences in bacterial reduction between the laser and NaOCl or NaOCl alone groups.[Correction added after online publication, 18th April 2012: The following statement has been deleted: ‘Thus, the use of a laser did not improve microbial killing over and above use of NaOCI alone.’]
Root canal debridement efficacy of different final irrigation protocols
Authors: Al‐Ali M. , Sathorn C. , Parashos P. 
Published: March 2012

Al‐Ali M, Sathorn C, Parashos P. Root canal debridement efficacy of different final irrigation protocols. International Endodontic Journal, 45, 898–906, 2012.AbstractAim  To compare the smear layer and debris removal effectiveness of four root canal irrigation protocols as well as their effectiveness in removing remaining soft tissues in curved root canals.Methodology  The mesiobuccal and mesial root canals of 107 extracted human maxillary and mandibular molars were instrumented using Mtwo rotary NiTi instruments then randomly divided into four groups according to a final rinse protocol: Group 1 (n = 28) – manual agitation of 1% NaOCl and 15% EDTA; Group 2 (n = 26) – CanalBrush agitation of 1% NaOCl and 15% EDTA; Group 3 (n = 26) – 3% H2O2 alternated with 1% NaOCl; Group 4 (n = 27) – passive ultrasonic agitation of 1% NaOCl and 15% EDTA. All irrigation protocols were performed in a closed system. Eleven roots per group were prepared and histologically stained (H&E) to assess percentage of remaining pulpal tissues in the apical thirds. The remaining specimens were split longitudinally and examined under scanning electron microscope at ×2000 magnification to assess smear layer and debris removal. Image Pro Plus 6.0 software was used to analyse smear layer and remaining pulp tissue. Debris presence was scored by two blinded investigators using a five‐point scale. Data were analysed using Univariate analysis of variance (GenStat 13, α = 0.05).Results  CanalBrush and passive ultrasonic irrigation were equally effective with significantly less smear layer and debris than manual agitation and H2O2 alternated with NaOCl (P < 0.05). The H2O2 alternated with NaOCl protocol was significantly more effective in removing pulp tissue remnants in the apical level than manual agitation (P = 0.009) and passive ultrasonic irrigation (P = 0.01).Conclusions  CanalBrush was as effective as passive ultrasonic irrigation in smear layer and debris removal. Alternating H2O2 with NaOCl was effective in removing soft tissues from root canal complexities. Further studies are required to evaluate effectiveness of this regimen taking into account irrigant volume differences and effect of root canal system configuration.
Turf transplants for restoration of alpine vegetation: does size matter?
Authors: Aradottir Asa L. 
Published: March 2012

Summary1. Turfs transplanted from native vegetation can be used to restore diverse plant communities on disturbed sites. There is, however, limited understanding of optimal turf size and the tolerance of different plant communities and species to transplanting.2. The effects of turf size in restoration of alpine plant communities were studied in SW‐Iceland. Treatments tested in 2‐m2 plots were as follows: planting of sixteen 5 × 5 cm turfs, four 10 × 10 cm turfs, one 20 × 20 cm turf or one 30 × 30 cm turf; a 20 × 20 cm turf shredded and spread over the plot and controls without turfs. The 10‐cm thick turfs were extracted from nearby heath and grassland vegetation and planted in mineral soil and road verges at 260–410 m elevation. Species composition, cover and colonization were monitored for three growing seasons.3. Grassland vegetation tolerated division into small turfs better than heath vegetation, but responses varied by functional groups. Cover of dwarf‐shrubs decreased with decreasing turf size; grass cover was highest in plots with 5 × 5 cm turfs and lowest in plots with shredded turfs, while moss cover increased most rapidly in plots with shredded turfs.4. Synthesis and applications. Optimum turf size for the restoration of native species varied among functional groups of plants and decreased as follows: evergreen dwarf‐shrubs > deciduous dwarf‐shrubs > sedges > grasses > mosses. Turfs that are at least 20–30 cm in diameter may be needed for the transplantation of dwarf‐shrubs, while turfs as small as 5 cm in diameter can be used to establish many grass species. Even smaller units can be used to facilitate moss colonization. Turfs that are salvaged from development projects can be a valuable source of native species for use in restoration schemes. Turf size for transplanting should be selected with regard to donor vegetation, growth form and abundance of the target species.
Microbes and the gut‐brain axis
Authors: Bercik P. , Collins S. M. , Verdu E. F. 
Published: March 2012

AbstractBackground  The ‘gut‐brain’ or ‘brain‐gut axis’, depending on whether we emphasize bottom‐up or top‐bottom pathways, is a bi‐directional communication system, comprised of neural pathways, such as the enteric nervous system (ENS), vagus, sympathetic and spinal nerves, and humoral pathways, which include cytokines, hormones, and neuropeptides as signaling molecules. Recent evidence, mainly arising from animal models, supports a role of microbes as signaling components in the gut‐brain axis.Aims  The purpose of this review is to summarize our current knowledge regarding the role of microbes, including commensals, probiotics and gastrointestinal pathogens, in bottom‐up pathways of communication in the gut‐brain axis. Although this has clear implications for psychiatric co‐morbidity in functional and inflammatory conditions of the gut, the focus of this review will be to discuss the current evidence for a role of bacteria (commensals, probiotics, and pathogens) as key modulators of gut‐brain communication.Results & Conclusions  The strongest evidence for a role of microbes as signaling components in the gut‐brain axis currently arises from animal studies and indicate that mechanisms of communication are likely to be multiple. There is need for the concepts generated in animal models to be translated to the human in the future.
Parenthood in pediatric liver transplant patients
Authors: Ecevit Çiğdem , Ünal Fatih , Baran Maşallah , Aydoğdu Sema 
Published: March 2012

Ecevit Ç, Ünal F, Baran M, Aydoğdu S. Parenthood in pediatric liver transplant patients.Abstract:  Liver transplantation has become a universally accepted treatment for numerous congenital and acquired hepatic disorders that cause liver failure. Without liver transplantation, patients in their reproductive years are afflicted with oligospermia or azoospermia in men and amenorrhea in women, with infertility being a consequence in both sexes. The aim of this study is to describe our experiences concerning the parenthood of pediatric individuals who are successful recipients of liver transplantations coming into the reproductive years of life. We retrospectively analyzed data of 207 pediatric liver transplanted patients (96 women, 111 men). Among them, three women conceived and delivered four babies, and two men admitted to paternity of two children after they all had been recipients of liver transplants. All female transplant recipients had received tacrolimus‐based immunosuppression. Preterm delivery was the most clinically important complication among these patients. Only one of the female patients experienced hypercalcemia during the pregnancy. None had any other complications such as hypertension, preeclampsia, cholestasis, or diabetes. There was no graft insufficiency, rejection, or birth defect. We concluded that maternity and paternity in liver transplant patients show normal outcomes even though this procedure occurs in childhood, and pregnancy did not seem to impair graft function in patients receiving immunosuppressive drugs.
An unusual manifestation of post‐transplant lymphoproliferative disorder in the lip after pediatric heart transplantation
Authors: Chen C. , Akanay‐Diesel S. , Schuster F. R. , Klee D. , Schmidt K. G. , Donner B. C. 
Published: March 2012

Chen C, Akanay‐Diesel S, Schuster FR, Klee D, Schmidt KG, Donner BC. An unusual manifestation of post‐transplant lymphoproliferative disorder in the lip after pediatric heart transplantation.  Pediatr Transplantation 2012. © 2012 John Wiley & Sons A/S.Abstract:  PTLD is a serious and frequently observed complication after solid organ transplantation. We present a six‐yr‐old girl with a rapidly growing, solid tumor of the lip four yr after orthotopic heart transplantation, which was classified as monomorphic PTLD with the characteristics of a diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma. Treatment with reduction in immunosuppression, ganciclovir, and anti B‐cell monoclonal antibody (rituximab) resulted in full remission since 12 months. To the best of our knowledge, this report is the first description of PTLD in the lip in a pediatric patient after heart transplantation in the English literature.