bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Kikuchi‐fujimoto disease in fine‐needle aspiration smears: A clinico‐cytologic study of 76 cases of KFD and 684 cases of reactive hyperplasia of the lymph node
Authors: Das Dilip K. , Mallik Mrinmay K. , Dashti Hawaraá A.‐H. M. G. H. , Sathar Sitara A. , Jaragh Mohammad , Junaid Thamradin A. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractKikuchi‐Fujimoto disease (KFD) is cytologically characterized by a polymorphous lymphoid cell population, abundant karyorrhectic debris and histiocytes, many of which are crescentic (Kikuchi histiocytes). As per reviewed literature, KFD may be confused with tuberculosis, lymphoma, and reactive hyperplasia of lymph nodes (RHLN). Since RHLN was found to be a major challenging factor during routine cytodiagnosis of KFD in our material, we tried to find out the differentiating clinico‐cytologic features between 76 KFD and 684 RHLN cases seen in Kuwait. 63.2% of KFD were in 3rd and 4th decades of life as compared to 40.2% of RHLN (P = 0.0002). Male to female ratio was 1: 2.45 for KFD and 1:1.09 for RHLN (P = 0.0022). Kuwaiti:non‐Kuwaiti ratio was 1:2.04 for KFD and 1.31:1 for RHLN (P < 0.0001). Capillary networks was present in 71.1% of KFD smears and 52.6% of RHLN (P = 0.0023). Tingible body macrophages and dendritic reticulum cells were detected in 17.1% and 22.4%, respectively, in KFD as opposed to 50.1% and 58.8%, respectively, in RHLN (P < 0.0001). Kikuchi histiocyte count ranged from 2 to 36% in KFD and was ≥10% in 31 (40.8%). Rare Kikuchi histiocytes were detected in 16 (2.3%) of RHLN cases but in none of them the count exceeded 1%, whereas their count was >1% in all KFD cases (P < 0.0001). Thus, KFD cases differed significantly from RHLN in respect of age and sex distribution, Kuwaiti:non‐Kuwaiti ratio, and cytomorphologic features such as capillary networks, Kikuchi histiocyte count, dendritic reticulum cells, and tingible body macrophages. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2013;41:288–295. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
High levels of antenatal maternal anxiety are associated with altered cognitive control in five‐year‐old children
Authors: Loomans Eva Margarita , van der Stelt O. , van Eijsden M. , Gemke R. J. B. J. , Vrijkotte T. G. M. , Van den Bergh B. R. H. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThis longitudinal prospective study examined the relation between maternal anxiety during pregnancy and specific aspects of children's cognitive functioning at age five. Antenatal maternal state‐anxiety was measured around the 16th week of pregnancy. Children's neurocognitive functioning was examined using a simple reaction time (RT) task, and a choice RT task. Multiple regression analyses in the total sample (N = 922) showed that antenatal anxiety was positively related to children's intra‐individual variability in RT in the simple task. In a subsample (n = 100) of women with state‐anxiety scores above the 90th percentile, antenatal anxiety was positively associated with mean RT and intra‐individual variability in RT in the incompatible trials of the choice RT task. In addition, in this subsample of highly anxious mothers we found a significant positive association in boys but not in girls, between prenatal maternal anxiety and intra‐individual variability in RT in the simple task. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Dev Psychobiol 54:441–450, 2012.
Review of UV spectroscopic, chromatographic, and electrophoretic methods for the cholinesterase reactivating antidote pralidoxime (2‐PAM)
Authors: John Harald , Blum Marc‐Michael 
Published: September 2011

Pralidoxime (2‐PAM) belongs to the class of monopyridinium oximes with reactivating potency on cholinesterases inhibited by phosphylating organophosphorus compounds (OPC), for example, pesticides and nerve agents. 2‐PAM represents an established antidote for the therapy of anticholinesterase poisoning since the late 1950s. Quite high therapeutic concentrations in human plasma (about 13 µg/ml) lead to concentrations in urine being about 100 times higher allowing the use of less sensitive analytical techniques that were used especially in the early years after 2‐PAM was introduced. In this time (mid‐1950s until the end of the 1970s) 2‐PAM was most often analyzed by either paper chromatography or simple UV spectroscopic techniques omitting any sample separation step. These methods were displaced completely after the establishment of column liquid chromatography in the early 1980s. Since then, diverse techniques including cation exchange, size‐exclusion, reversed‐phase, and ligand‐exchange chromatography have been introduced. Today, the most popular method for 2‐PAM quantification is ion pair chromatography often combined with UV detection representing more than 50% of all column chromatographic procedures published. Furthermore, electrophoretic approaches by paper and capillary zone electrophoresis have been successfully used but are seldom applied.This review provides a commentary and exhaustive summary of analytical techniques applied to detect 2‐PAM in pharmaceutical formulations and biological samples to characterize stability and pharmacokinetics as well as decomposition and biotransformation products. Separation techniques as well as diverse detectors are discussed in appropriate detail allowing comparison of individual preferences and limitations. In addition, novel data on mass spectrometric fragmentation of 2‐PAM are provided. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effectiveness of and challenges faced by surveillance systems
Authors: Dunn Matthew , Bruno Raimondo , Burns Lucinda , Roxburgh Amanda 
Published: September 2011

AbstractDrug information or surveillance systems have been developed in an attempt to measure illicit drug use and predict new trends. In Australia, three systems are specifically designed to monitor drug use trends and related harm. These systems have their own strengths and weaknesses. This perspective offers a discussion of these facets. A series of case studies is used to highlight how surveillance systems can be effective in detecting and monitoring trends of use while highlighting the challenges these systems face. As indicated by the case study of ecstasy, such surveillance systems are effective and can provide unique information when a drug is detected and becomes ‘established’ in the market but the methodology of these systems is challenged when new drug classes emerge rapidly, as is illustrated by emerging psychotropic substances such as mephedrone. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Discussion about “synthetic intelligence” in dissociated culture system
Authors: Kudoh Suguru N. , Kiyohara Ai , Taguchi Takahisa 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThe fundamental frameworks for possessing qualia are “embodiment” and the network structures of the relationships between internal modules. We proposed “Anaplastic cognitive agent” (ACA) composed by interactions between submodules with hierarchical history functions and network structures. A dissociated culture system can discriminate several distinct spatiotemporal patterns of action potentials evoked by current inputs, and possesses kinds of history function; history properties of network dynamics, synaptic plasticity, and so on. These features are prerequisite building components of ACA. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electron Comm Jpn, 94(10): 41–56, 2011; Published online in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com). DOI 10.1002/ecj.10328
CD22 serves as a receptor for soluble IgM
Authors: Adachi Takahiro , Harumiya Satoru , Takematsu Hiromu , Kozutsumi Yasunori , Wabl Matthias , Fujimoto Manabu , Tedder Thomas F. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractCD22 (Siglec‐2) is a B‐cell membrane‐bound lectin that recognizes glycan ligands containing α2,6‐linked sialic acid (α2,6Sia) and negatively regulates signaling through the B‐cell Ag receptor (BCR). Although CD22 has been investigated extensively, its precise function remains unclear due to acting multiple phases. Here, we demonstrate that CD22 is efficiently activated in trans by complexes of Ag and soluble IgM (sIgM) due to the presence of glycan ligands on sIgM. This result strongly suggests sIgM as a natural trans ligand for CD22. Also, CD22 appears to serve as a receptor for sIgM, which induces a negative feedback loop for B‐cell activation similar to the Fc receptor for IgG (FcγRIIB).
Syntheses and Structures of Two Dimethyl Diselenide–Diiodine Adducts and the First Well Characterized Diorgano Disulfide–Nitrosonium Adduct
Authors: Mueller Birgit , Takaluoma Teemu T. , Laitinen Risto S. , Seppelt Konrad 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThe syntheses and crystal structures of two new dimethyl diselenide–iodine adducts are described as well as the synthesis and crystal structure of the first diorgano disulfide–nitrosonium adduct. The reaction of the NO+ cation with R2S2 (R = Me, Et, neo‐Pent, H, CN, CF3, 4‐pyridyl, 2‐Prop, Ph, Ad) has been investigated theoretically with DFT. Charge transfer is the main mechanism for adduct formation. Electron density is transferred from the diorgano disulfide HOMO, which is mainly composed of sulfur lone pairs, to the NO+ cation LUMO (π*).
Synthesis and Biotransformation of Plausible Biosynthetic Intermediates of Salicylaldehyde‐Type Phytotoxins of Rice Blast Fungus, Magnaporthe grisea
Authors: Tanaka Koji , Sasaki Ayaka , Cao Hai‐Qun , Yamada Teiko , Igarashi Masahiro , Komine Isao , Nakahigashi Hirokazu , Minami Naoko , Kuwahara Shigefumi , Nukina Manabu , Kiyota Hiromasa 
Published: September 2011

AbstractRice blast fungus, Magnaporthe grisea, produces a series of salicylaldehyde‐type phytotoxins such as pyriculol, pyricuol, and pyriculariol. Plausible biosynthetic intermediates of these phytotoxins were synthesized in deuterium labeled forms using the Stille coupling reaction as the key step, and subjected to biotransformation by the fungus. Heptatrienylsalicylaldehyde was converted into dihydropyriculol by the fungus by a shaking culture. A new biosynthetic pathway comprising both oxidation and reduction is proposed.
Synthesis of C40‐Symmetrical Fully Conjugated Carotenoids by Olefin Metathesis
Authors: Fontán Noelia , Domínguez Marta , Álvarez Rosana , de Lera Ángel R. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractIn an effort to push olefin metathesis to the limits of conjugation in reactants and products, the C40‐symmetrical carotenoids β,β‐carotene (1), lycopene (2), (3R,3′R)‐zeaxanthin (3), and rac‐isozeaxanthin (4), which are conjugated undecaenes, have been synthesized from C21‐terminal hexaenes by treatment with Grubbs' second‐generation Ru catalyst in dichloromethane at 50 °C.
Highly Sensitive Amperometric Glucose Sensors Based on Nanostructured α‐Ni(OH)2 Electrodes
Authors: Martins Paulo Roberto , Aparecida Rocha Michele , Angnes Lúcio , Eisi Toma Henrique , Araki Koiti 
Published: September 2011

AbstractStabilized α‐Ni(OH)2 nanoparticle modified fluorine doped tin oxide (FTO) electrodes were shown to be excellent glucose amperometric FIA sensors exhibiting high specific sensitivity (446 µA mM−1 cm−2), low limit of detection (3 µM) and high analytical frequency (128 analyses/hour). The electrodes were constituted by ∼20 nm nanoparticles and the limit of detection was only slightly improved in hydrodynamic as compared to diffusional conditions reflecting the enhanced surface area and the moderate heterogeneous electron transfer rates at the nanostructured α‐Ni(OH)2/solution interface.
Genotoxicity of acute and chronic gamma-irradiation on zebrafish cells and consequences for embryo development
Authors: Pereira Sandrine , Bourrachot Stéphanie , Cavalie Isabelle , Plaire Delphine , Dutilleul Morgan , Gilbin Rodolphe , Adam-Guillermin Christelle 
Published: September 2011

Abstract
The effects of radiation on biological systems have been studied for many years, and it is now accepted that direct damage to DNA from radiation is the triggering event leading to biological effects. In the present study, DNA damage induced by acute or chronic irradiation was compared at the cellular (zebrafish [Danio rerio] cell line ZF4) and developmental (embryo) levels. Zebrafish ZF4 cells and embryos (at 3 h postfertilization) were exposed within ranges of acute doses (0.3–2 Gy/d) or chronic dose rates (0.1–0.75 Gy/d). DNA damage was assessed by immunodetection of γ-H2AX and DNA-PK (DNA double-strand breaks) and the alkaline comet assay (DNA single-strand breaks). Zebrafish embryo development and DNA damage were examined after 120 h. At low doses, chronic irradiation induced more residual DNA damage than acute irradiation, but embryo development was normal. From 0.3 Gy, a hyper-radiosensitivity phenomenon compared to other species was shown for acute exposure with an increase of DNA damage, an impairment of hatching success, and larvae abnormalities. These results suggest a dose-dependent correlation between unrepaired DNA damage and abnormalities in embryo development, supporting the use of DNA repair proteins as predictive biomarkers of ionizing radiation exposure. This could have important implications for environmental protection. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2011;30:2831–2837. © 2011 SETAC
Spatial and temporal variations of total and methylmercury concentrations in plankton from a mercury-contaminated and eutrophic reservoir in Guizhou Province, China
Authors: Wang Qing , Feng Xinbin , Yang Yufeng , Yan Haiyu 
Published: September 2011

Abstract
Total mercury (THg) and methylmercury (MeHg) concentrations in four size fractions of plankton from three sampling stations in the Hg-contaminated and eutrophic Baihua Reservoir, Guizhou, China, were investigated for biomagnification and trophic transfer of Hg at different sites with various proximity to the major point sources of nutrients and metals. Total Hg concentrations in plankton of the various size fractions varied from 49 to 5,504 ng g−1 and MeHg concentrations ranged from 3 to 101 ng g−1. The percentage of Hg as MeHg varied from 0.16 to 70%. Total Hg and MeHg concentrations in plankton samples differed among the three sampling stations with different proximities from the major point sources. The plankton from the site closest to the dam contained the highest concentrations of MeHg. The successive increase of the ratios of MeHg to Hg from seston to macroplankton at all sites indicated that biomagnification is occurring along the plankton food web. However, biomagnification factors (BMF) for MeHg were low (1.5–2.0) between trophic levels. Concentrations of THg in seston decreased with an increase of chlorophyll concentrations, suggesting a significant dilution effect by the algae bloom for Hg. Eutrophication dilution may be a reason for lower MeHg accumulation by the four size classes of plankton in this Hg-contaminated reservoir. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2011;30:2739–2747. © 2011 SETAC
The GPR17 receptor in NG2 expressing cells: Focus on in vivocell maturation and participation in acute trauma and chronic damage
Authors: Boda Enrica , Viganò Francesca , Rosa Patrizia , Fumagalli Marta , Labat‐Gest Vivien , Tempia Filippo , Abbracchio Maria P. , Dimou Leda , Buffo Annalisa 
Published: September 2011

AbstractNG2‐expressing cells comprise a population of cycling precursors that can exit the cell cycle and differentiate into mature oligodendrocytes. As a whole, they display heterogeneous properties and behaviors that remain unresolved at the molecular level, although partly interpretable as distinct maturation stages. To address this issue, we analyzed the expression of the GPR17 receptor, recently shown to decorate NG2‐expressing cells and to operate as an early sensor of brain damage, in immature and adult oligodendrocyte progenitors in the intact brain and after injury. In both the early postnatal and adult cerebral cortex, distinct GPR17 protein localizations and expression levels define different stages of oligodendroglial maturation, ranging from the precursor phase to the premyelinating phenotype. As soon as cells exit mitosis, a fraction of NG2‐expressing cells displays accumulation of GPR17 protein in the Golgi apparatus. GPR17 expression is subsequently upregulated and distributed to processes of cells that stop dividing, progressively lose NG2 positivity and assume premyelinating features. Absence of colabeling with mature markers or myelin proteins indicates that GPR17 is downregulated when cells complete their final maturation. BrdU‐based fate‐mapping demonstrated that a significant fraction of newly generated oligodendrocyte progenitors transiently upregulates GPR17 during maturation. Importantly, we also found that GPR17 does not participate to the early reaction of NG2‐expressing cells to damage, while it is induced at postacute stages after injury. These findings identify GPR17 as a marker for progenitor progression within the oligodendroglial lineage and highlight its participation to postacute reactivity of NG2 cells in different injury paradigms. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Subjective memory complaints in community dwelling healthy older people: the influence of brain and psychopathology
Authors: Bartley M. , Bokde A. L. , Ewers M. , Faluyi Y. O. , Tobin W. O. , Snow A. , Connolly J. , Delaney C. , Coughlan T. , Collins D. R. , Hampel H. , O'Neill D. 
Published: September 2011

ObjectivesSubjective memory complaints (SMC) are common. We aimed to characterize the relationship between psychiatric illness and white matter disease to SMC in a sample of healthy older people.MeasurementsCognitively normal subjects between 55 and 90 years had age‐adjusted and education‐adjusted Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's disease (CERAD) scores ≤1.5 SD from standard mean. ApoE genotyping was performed using polymerase chain reaction. Sixty subjects (30 SMC, 30 controls) underwent 3T MRI, which was rated by two raters blinded to the diagnosis, for periventricular (PVH) and deep white matter hyperintensities (DWMH) using the Fazekas scale. Subjective memory was assessed by asking the participant, Do you feel like your memory or thinking is becoming worse?ResultsTwo hundred and fifteen volunteers were assessed. Ninety‐six were cognitively normal (mean age 62.5 years). SMC were reported by 52/96 subjects (54%). These were compared with subjects who denied SMC. Participants with a history of depression or anxiety were more likely to have SMC (p = 0.02). The frequency distribution of ApoE4 allele and CERAD scores were similar. White matter load was similar (p ≤ 0.47), with a high prevalence of PVH and DWMH seen (100% and 88% of scans, respectively).ConclusionBoth SMC and white matter disease were common. SMC were associated with a history of depression or anxiety but not with white matter disease. Evaluation for a history of depression and anxiety in people with SMC is supported by these findings. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Patterns of failure and histopathologic outcome predictors following definitive radiotherapy and planned neck dissection with residual disease
Authors: Huang Shao Hui , O'Sullivan Brian , Weinreb Ilan , Perez–Ordonez Bayardo , Irish Jonathan , Waldron John , Gullane Patrick , Gilbert Ralph , Brown Dale , Cummings Bernard , Kim John , Freeman Jeremy , Witterick Ian , Goldstein David 
Published: September 2011

AbstractBackgroundOur aim was to report patterns of failure and histopathological predictors in patients with head and neck cancer treated by planned neck dissection.MethodsWe reviewed all new patients with head and neck cancer who underwent a planned neck dissection in our institution from 1998 to 2007. Patterns of failure after positive planned neck dissection were reported. The frequency and predictive value of histopathologic features were analyzed.ResultsFifty positive planned neck dissection and 144 negative planned neck dissection cases were identified. The positive planned neck dissection cohort had lower 5‐year overall survival (OS; 33% vs 77%; p < .01), a significantly higher distant metastasis (DM; 44% vs 11%; p < .01), a moderately lower local (86% vs 96%; p < .01), and a similar regional control (94% vs 99%; p = .07) compared to the negative planned neck dissection cohort. Extracapsular extension/carcinoma within soft tissue and lymphovascular invasion were adverse survival predictors for patients with positive planned neck dissection on univariate and multivariate analysis.ConclusionPositive planned neck dissection is associated with lower survival, predominantly attributed to significantly increased DM rather than reduced locoregional control. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2012
Successful Isolation of Liver Progenitor Cells by Aldehyde Dehydrogenase Activity in Na"ve Mice
Authors: Dollé Laurent , Best Jan , Empsen Christophe , Mei Jie , Van Rossen Elke , Roelandt Philip , Snykers Sarah , Najimi Mustapha , Al Battah Feras , Theise Neil D. , Streetz Konrad , Sokal Etienne , Leclercq Isabelle A. , Verfaillie Catherine , Rogiers Vera , Geerts Albert , van Grunsven Leo A. 
Published: September 2011

Abstract

The role of progenitor cells in liver repair and fibrosis has been extensively described, but their purification remains a challenge, hampering their characterization and use in regenerative medicine. To address this issue, we developed an easy and reproducible liver progenitor cell (LPC) isolation strategy based on aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) activity, a common feature shared by many progenitor cells. We demonstrate that a subset of nonparenchymal mouse liver cells displays high levels of ALDH activity, allowing the isolation of these cells by fluorescence-activated cell sorting. Immunocytochemistry and qPCR analyses on freshly isolated ALDH+ cells reveal an enrichment in cells expressing liver stem cell markers such as EpCAM, CK19, CD133, and Sox9. In culture, the ALDH+ population can give rise to functional hepatocyte-like cells as illustrated by albumin and urea secretion and cytochrome P450 activity. ALDH1A1 expression can be detected in canals of Hering and bile duct epithelial cells and is increased on liver injury. Finally, we showed that the isolation and differentiation toward hepatocyte-like cells of LPCs with high ALDH activity is also successfully applicable to human liver samples.

Conclusion :

High ALDH activity is a feature of LPCs that can be taken advantage of to isolate these cells from untreated mouse as well as human liver tissues. This novel protocol is practically relevant, because it provides an easy and nontoxic method to isolate liver stem cells from normal tissue for potential therapeutic purposes. (Hepatology 2012)