bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Almond (Prunus dulcis) varieties classification with genetic designed lightweight CNN architecture
Authors: Yurdakul Mustafa , Atabaş İrfan , Taşdemir Şakir 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAlmond (Prunus dulcis) is a nutritious food with a rich content. In addition to consuming as food, it is also used for various purposes in sectors such as medicine, cosmetics and bioenergy. With all these usages, almond has become a globally demanded product. Accurately determining almond variety is crucial for quality assessment and market value. Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) has a great performance in image classification. In this study, a public dataset containing images of four different almond varieties was created. Five well-known and light-weight CNN models (DenseNet121, EfficientNetB0, MobileNet, MobileNet V2, NASNetMobile) were used to classify almond images. Additionally, a model called 'Genetic CNN', which has its hyperparameters determined by Genetic Algorithm, was proposed. Among the well-known and light-weight CNN models, NASNetMobile achieved the most successful result with an accuracy rate of 99.20%, precision of 99.21%, recall of 99.20% and f1-score of 99.19%. Genetic CNN outperformed well-known models with an accuracy rate of 99.55%, precision of 99.56%, recall of 99.55% and f1-score of 99.55%. Furthermore, the Genetic CNN model has a relatively small size and low test time in comparison to other models, with a parameter count of only 1.1 million. Genetic CNN is suitable for embedded and mobile systems and can be used in real-life solutions.
Effect of radiochemotherapy on peripheral immune response in glioblastoma
Authors: Hampe Léa , Daumoine Susy , Limagne Emeric , Roussot Nicolas , Borsotti François , Vincent Julie , Ilie Sylvia , Truntzer Caroline , Ghiringhelli François , Thibaudin Marion 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
Glioblastoma (GBM) is a primary brain tumor with a dismal prognosis, often resistant to immunotherapy and associated with immune suppression. This study aimed to assess the impact of steroids and Stupp-regimen treatment on peripheral blood immune parameters in GBM patients and their association with outcomes.

Methods
Using cytometry panels and bioplex assays, we analyzed the immune phenotype and serum cytokines of 54 GBM patients and 21 healthy volunteers.

Results
GBM patients exhibited decreased lymphoid cell numbers (CD4, CD8 T cells, NKT cells) with heightened immune checkpoint expression and increased myeloid cell numbers (especially neutrophils), along with elevated pro-inflammatory cytokine levels. Steroid use decreased T and NK cell numbers, while radio-chemotherapy led to decreased lymphoid cell numbers, increased myeloid cell numbers, and heightened immune checkpoint expression. Certain immune cell subsets were identified as potential outcome predictors.

Conclusion
Overall, these findings shed light on the peripheral immune landscape in GBM, emphasizing the immunosuppressive effects of treatment. Baseline immune parameters may serve as prognostic indicators for treatment response.
Comparison of Anthropometric and Cephalometric Measurements Obtained by Stereophotogrammetry and 3D Computed Tomography of the Nose Before Septorhinoplasty
Authors: Aydin Ali Can , Karakol Percin , Sulhan Agit , Erk Hamdullah , Bozkurt Mehmet 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Introduction
Computed tomography (CT) is normally used in evaluation of patients with esthetic and functional nasal deformities. Stereophotogrammetry (SPG) is a measurement device that is an alternative to CT and does not harm human health. In this single-center retrospective study, we aimed to evaluate measurements obtained with CT and SPG.

Methods
The measurements of 18 patients who applied to our clinic between January 2022 and August 2022 and planned for septorhinoplasty were performed on both 3D images obtained with paranasal sinus CT and SPG device (SLR type Vectra H1 system). Measurements included that dorsocolumellar length, columella-filtral length, nasal tip projection ratio (dorsocolumellar length/columella-filtral length), columella-labial angle, nasofrontal angle, tip deviation direction, tip deviation angle, tip deviation distance and dorsal nasal hump.

Results
Most of patients were male (61.1%). Mean age was 24.5 years. Only columella-labial angle measurements showed a low level of significant difference (p < 0.05). However, there was no significance difference in other measurements (p > 0.05). A significant strong correlation was observed between all Vectra and CT measurements (p = 0.000).

Conclusion
SPG device can be applied quickly in polyclinic without giving radiation to patient. Measurements can be taken automatically using a software. Its use in postoperative period does not carry any risk. Disadvantage of SPG is lack of information about internal nasal passage. However, there is a strong correlation between measurements obtained from both measurement devices. Therefore, SPG can be considered as an alternative to CT imaging in operation planning.

Level of Evidence IV
This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266.
Effectiveness and tolerability of rectal ointment and suppositories containing sucralfate for hemorrhoidal symptoms: a prospective, observational study
Authors: Marik Anikó Rita , Miklós Ildikó , Csukly Gábor , Hársfalvi Péter , Novák András 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background and aims
A high number of topical products are available for the treatment of hemorrhoidal symptoms. Sucralfate-based topical products constitute a new treatment alternative that act as a mechanical barrier to facilitate healing. The aim of this prospective, observational study was to determine patient- and physician-assessed effectiveness and tolerability of rectal ointment and suppositories containing sucralfate for the treatment of hemorrhoidal symptoms in routine clinical practice.

Methods
Adult patients with diagnosed, mild-to-moderate, symptomatic non-bleeding hemorrhoids treated with rectal ointment or suppositories containing sucralfate were enrolled. Patients were administered treatment twice per day for at least 1 week until symptom resolution and/or for a maximum of 4 weeks. The primary endpoint was patient-assessed effectiveness on a modified Symptom Severity Score (mSSS, range 0 to 14). Physician-assessed effectiveness (9 symptoms, 0 to 5 Likert scale), hemorrhoid grade, and patient satisfaction were also determined.

Results
Five investigators enrolled 60 patients; mean age was 48.4 ± 16.6 years and 72.4% were female. Pain or pressure sensitivity was reported as the most severe symptom by patients, and pressure sensitivity, discharge, soiling, and prolapse by physicians. Mean patient-assessed mSSS at baseline was 6.6 ± 1.9 and was significantly improved overall and in the ointment and suppository groups individually by −4.6 ± 2.0, −4.4 ± 1.8, and −4.8 ± 2.2, respectively (p < 0.0001). Investigator-assessed mean baseline symptom score was 18.1 ± 3.9 and improved by −7.1 ± 4.5, −6.9 ± 5.4, and −7.3 ± 3.5, respectively (p < 0.0001). Investigator-assessed symptoms of pressure sensitivity, swelling, and discharge were improved to the greatest extent. Hemorrhoid grade was improved in 38% of patients at the end of treatment. Compliance with treatment was 97.4% and patient satisfaction with application and onset of action was high (81.3% and 76.2%, respectively). Both the ointment and suppository were well tolerated.

Conclusions
The effectiveness of topical ointment or suppository containing sucralfate on patient- and investigator-assessed hemorrhoidal symptoms in real-life clinical practice was demonstrated. Patient satisfaction was high and treatments were well tolerated. Larger controlled trials are warranted to confirm the results.
Testing on bacterial vaginosis in a subfertile population and time to pregnancy: a prospective cohort study
Authors: van den Tweel Marjolein , van den Munckhof Ellen , van der Zanden Moniek , Le Cessie Saskia , van Lith Jan , Boers Kim 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Purpose
This study aimed to investigate the influence of bacterial vaginosis on time to pregnancy in subfertile couples.

Methods
Couples attending a teaching hospital in the Netherlands having an initial fertility assessment (IFA) between July 2019 and June 2022 were included in this prospective study, with follow-up of pregnancies until June 2023. Vaginal samples at IFA were analyzed on pH, qPCR BV, and 16S rRNA gene microbiome analysis of V1-V2 region. Main outcome measures were time from initial fertility assessment to ongoing pregnancy at 12 weeks and live birth, analyzed by Kaplan–Meier and Cox regression with adjustment for potential confounders.

Results
At IFA, 27% of 163 included participants tested positive for BV. BV status had no influence on time to ongoing pregnancy (HR 0.98, 0.60–1.61, aHR 0.97, 0.58–1.62). In persons with unexplained subfertility, positive BV status had a tendency of longer time to pregnancy. When persons had an indication for fertility treatment, positive BV status (HR 0.21, 0.05–0.88, aHR 0.19, 0.04–0.85) and microbiome community state type III and type IV had significant longer time to pregnancy.

Conclusion
This study indicates that BV may have a potential negative impact on time to live birth pregnancy in subfertile persons with an indication for fertility treatment. This study did not find an association between BV and time to live birth pregnancy in a general group of subfertile couples or in unexplained subfertility. More research should be done in persons with unexplained subfertility and if treatment improves time to pregnancy.
Effect of administration routes of oxytocin on hemoglobin in neonates with delayed umbilical cord clamping: a multi-centre randomized controlled clinical trial
Authors: Mei Lu , Gu Ning , Zhou Yan , Wang Zhiqun , Yang Ling , Chen Li , Li Chunxia , Dai Yimin 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Purpose
To evaluate the effect of intravenous infusion versus intramyometrial injection of oxytocin on hemoglobin levels in neonates with delayed umbilical cord clamping during cesarean section.

Methods
The multi-centre randomized controlled trial was performed at three hospitals from February to June 2023. Women with term singleton gestations scheduled for cesarean delivery were allocated to receive an intravenous infusion of 10 units of oxytocin or a myometrial injection of 10 units of oxytocin during the surgery. The primary outcome was neonatal hemoglobin at 48 to 96 h after birth. Secondary outcomes were side-effects of oxytocin, postpartum haemorrhage, phototherapy for jaundice, feeding at 1 month, maternal and neonatal morbidity and re-admissions.

Results
A total of 360 women were randomized (180 women in each group). The mean neonatal hemoglobin did not show a significant difference between the intravenous infusion group (194.3 ± 21.7 g/L) and the intramyometrial groups (195.2 ± 24.3 g/L) (p = 0.715). Secondary neonatal outcomes, involving phototherapy for jaundice, feeding at 1 month and neonatal intensive care unit admission were similar between the two groups. The maternal outcomes did not differ significantly between the two groups, except for a 200 mL higher intraoperative infusion volume observed in the intravenous group compared to the intramyometrial group.

Conclusion
Among women undergoing elective cesarean delivery of term singleton pregnancies, there was no significant difference in neonatal hemoglobin at 48 to 96 h after birth between infants with delayed cord clamping, whether the oxytocin was administrated by intravenous infusion or intramyometrial injection.

Trial registration
Chinese Clinical trial registry: ChiCTR2300067953 (1 February 2023).
Apnoeic oxygenation with high flow nasal oxygen for interventional surgery of the larynx and pharynx
Authors: Langer Christine , Wittekindt Claus , Arens Christoph , Käbisch Sonja 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
Highflow nasal cannula oxygen (HFNO) is known to be used for noninvasive oxygenation in intensive care patients but it has rarely been used in airway management for elective surgery of the upper aerodigestive tract.

Objectives
HFNO offers opportunities of a tubeless oxygenation system which is easy to handle and not limited only on surgery of the endolarynx.

Methods
We evaluated this method for oxygenation during brief interventional procedures of the larynx and pharynx in 92 adult patients for safety and intraoperative complications. The need of secondary endotracheal intubation and limiting comorbidities as pulmonal and cardiac diseases were documented.

Results
HFNO showed a good safety profile concerning saturation and hypercapnia. Oxygen desaturation below 90% occurred only in 5 patients, mask ventilation led to quick recovery except in one patient who was secondary intubated. A significant influence of the body mass index on the minimal O2 saturation was shown (p < 0,001) so that a possible limitation of the method exists here. Comorbidities were grouped into the ASA classification. There was a significant difference between ASA I/II and ASA III patients in terms of minimum O2saturation.

Conclusion
We conclude that HFNO may hold great promise for changing ventilator technique in general anesthesia, particularly in short elective laryngeal and pharyngeal surgery. Safety and feasibility were proven in this study.
Pursuing Clinical Predictors and Biomarkers for Progression in ILD: Analysis of the Pulmonary Fibrosis Foundation (PFF) Registry
Authors: Chang Sarah E. , Jia Guiquan , Gao Xia , Schiffman Courtney , Gupta Sachin , Wolters Paul , Neighbors Margaret 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Introduction
Pulmonary fibrosis is a characteristic of various interstitial lung diseases (ILDs) with differing etiologies. Clinical trials in progressive pulmonary fibrosis (PPF) enroll patients based on previously described clinical criteria for past progression, which include a clinical practice guideline for PPF classification and inclusion criteria from the INBUILD trial. In this study, we compared the ability of past FVC (forced vital capacity) progression and baseline biomarker levels to predict future progression in a cohort of patients from the PFF Patient Registry.

Methods
Biomarkers previously associated with pathobiology and/or progression in pulmonary fibrosis were selected to reflect cellular senescence (telomere length), pulmonary epithelium (SP-D, RAGE), myeloid activation (CXCL13, YKL40, CCL18, OPN) and fibroblast activation (POSTN, COMP, PROC3).

Results
PFF or INBUILD-like clinical criteria was used to separate patients into past progressor and non-past progressor groups, and neither clinical criterion appeared to enrich for patients with greater future lung function decline. All baseline biomarkers measured were differentially expressed in patient groups compared to healthy controls. Baseline levels of SP-D and POSTN showed the highest correlations with FVC slope over one year, though correlations were low.

Conclusions
Our findings provide further evidence that prior decline in lung function may not predict future disease progression for ILD patients, and elevate the need for molecular definitions of a progressive phenotype. Across ILD subtypes, certain shared pathobiologies may be present based on the molecular profile of certain biomarker groups observed. In particular, SP-D may be a common marker of pulmonary injury and future lung function decline across ILDs.
Predictors of futile recanalization in nonagenarians treated with mechanical thrombectomy: a multi-center observational study
Authors: D’Anna Lucio , Merlino Giovanni , Romoli Michele , Zhang Liqun , Del Regno Caterina , Aggour Mohammed , Levee Viva , Foschi Matteo , Sponza Massimo , Toraldo Francesco , Algazlan Razan , Ruggiero Maria , Longoni Marco , Lobotesis Kyriakos , Abu-Rumeileh Samir , Bagatto Daniele , Mansoor Nina , Gigli Gian Luigi , Valente Mariarosaria , Banerjee Soma 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
There is a lack of data regarding patients aged 90 years or older undergoing mechanical thrombectomy and their predictors of futile recanalization.

Aims
We sought to evaluate the predictors of futile recanalization in patients ≥ 90 years with large vessel occlusion undergoing mechanical thrombectomy.

Methods
This multi-center observational retrospective study included patients ≥ 90 years consecutively treated with mechanical thrombectomy in four thrombectomy capable centers between January 1st, 2016 and 30th March 2023. Futile recanalization was defined as large vessel occlusion patients experiencing a 90-day poor outcome (mRS 3–6) despite successful recanalization (mTICI ≥ 2b) after mechanical thrombectomy.

Results
Our cohort included 139 patients ≥ 90 years with acute ischemic stroke due to anterior circulation large vessel occlusion treated with mechanical thrombectomy. One hundred seventeen of one hundred thirty-nine patients ≥ 90 years who achieved successful recanalization were included in the analysis (seventy-six female (64.9%)), of whom thirty-one (26.49%) experienced effective recanalization and eighty-six (73.51%) experienced futile recanalization. Patients with futile recanalization had higher NIHSS on admission (p < 0.001); they were less frequently treated with intravenous thrombolysis (p = 0.048), had more often general anesthesia (p = 0.011), and longer door to groin puncture delay (p = 0.002). Univariable regression analysis showed that use of intravenous thrombolysis (0.29, 95% CI 0.02–0.79, p = 0.034) and site of occlusion distal vs proximal (0.34, 95% CI 0.11–0.97, p = 0.044) were associated with reduced probability of futile recanalization while NIHSS on admission (1.29, 95% CI 1.16–1.45, p < 0.001), NIHSS at 24 h (1.15, 95% CI 1.07–1.25, p = 0.002), type of anesthesia used (4.18, 95% CI 1.57–11.08, p = 0.004), and door to groin puncture time (1.02, 95% CI 1.00–1.05, p = 0.005) were associated with increased probability of futile recanalization. Multivariable regression analysis showed that use of intravenous thrombolysis (0.44, 95% CI 0.09–0.88, p = 0.039) was associated with reduced probability of futile recanalization.

Conclusion
Our study seems to suggest that mechanical thrombectomy with intravenous thrombolysis is associated with reduced probability of futile recanalization in a multi-center cohort of patients aged 90 years or older.
Risk assessment model based on nucleotide metabolism-related genes highlights SLC27A2 as a potential therapeutic target in breast cancer
Authors: Zhang Bo , Zhang Yunjiao , Chang Kexin , Hou Niuniu , Fan Pengyu , Ji Cheng , Liu Liuyin , Wang Zhe , Li Ruolei , Wang Yaping , Zhang Jian , Ling Rui 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Breast cancer (BC) is the most prevalent malignant tumor worldwide among women, with the highest incidence rate. The mechanisms underlying nucleotide metabolism on biological functions in BC remain incompletely elucidated.

Materials and Methods
We harnessed differentially expressed nucleotide metabolism-related genes from The Cancer Genome Atlas-BRCA, constructing a prognostic risk model through univariate Cox regression and LASSO regression analyses. A validation set and the GSE7390 dataset were used to validate the risk model. Clinical relevance, survival and prognosis, immune infiltration, functional enrichment, and drug sensitivity analyses were conducted.

Results
Our findings identified four signature genes (DCTPP1, IFNG, SLC27A2, and MYH3) as nucleotide metabolism-related prognostic genes. Subsequently, patients were stratified into high- and low-risk groups, revealing the risk model's independence as a prognostic factor. Nomogram calibration underscored superior prediction accuracy. Gene Set Variation Analysis (GSVA) uncovered activated pathways in low-risk cohorts and mobilized pathways in high-risk cohorts. Distinctions in immune cells were noted between risk cohorts. Subsequent experiments validated that reducing SLC27A2 expression in BC cell lines or using the SLC27A2 inhibitor, Lipofermata, effectively inhibited tumor growth.

Conclusions
We pinpointed four nucleotide metabolism-related prognostic genes, demonstrating promising accuracy as a risk prediction tool for patients with BC. SLC27A2 appears to be a potential therapeutic target for BC among these genes.
Characterization of a novel HDAC2 pathogenetic variant: a missing puzzle piece for chromatinopathies
Authors: Di Fede Elisabetta , Lettieri Antonella , Taci Esi , Castiglioni Silvia , Rebellato Stefano , Parodi Chiara , Colombo Elisa Adele , Grazioli Paolo , Natacci Federica , Marchisio Paola , Pezzani Lidia , Fazio Grazia , Milani Donatella , Massa Valentina , Gervasini Cristina 
Published: May 2024

AbstractHistone deacetylases (HDACs) are enzymes pivotal for histone modification (i.e. acetylation marks removal), chromatin accessibility and gene expression regulation. Class I HDACs (including HDAC1, 2, 3, 8) are ubiquitously expressed and they often participate in multi-molecular protein complexes. To date, three neurodevelopmental disorders caused by mutations in genes encoding for HDACs (HDAC4, HDAC6 and HDAC8) and thus belonging to the group of chromatinopathies, have been described. We performed whole exome sequencing (WES) for a patient (#249) clinically diagnosed with the chromatinopathy Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome (RSTS) but negative for mutations in RSTS genes, identifying a de novo frameshift variant in HDAC2 gene. We then investigated its molecular effects in lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCLs) derived from the patient compared to LCLs from healthy donors (HD). As the variant was predicted to be likely pathogenetic and to affect the sequence of nuclear localization signal, we performed immunocytochemistry and lysates fractionation, observing a nuclear mis-localization of HDAC2 compared to HD LCLs. In addition, HDAC2 total protein abundance resulted altered in patient, and we found that newly identified variant in HDAC2 affects also acetylation levels, with significant difference in acetylation pattern among patient #249, HD and RSTS cells and in expression of a known molecular target. Remarkably, RNA-seq performed on #249, HD and RSTS cells shows differentially expressed genes (DEGs) common to #249 and RSTS. Interestingly, our reported patient was clinically diagnosed with RSTS, a chromatinopathy which known causative genes encode for enzymes antagonizing HDACs. These results support the role of HDAC2 as causative gene for chromatinopathies, strengthening the genotype-phenotype correlations in this relevant group of disorders.
Annulus Graphs in $$\mathbb R^d$$
Authors: Lichev Lyuben , Mihaylov Tsvetomir 
Published: May 2024

AbstractA d-dimensional annulus graph with radii $$R_1$$

R
1

and $$R_2$$

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2

(here $$R_2\ge R_1\ge 0$$

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2

≥

R
1

≥
0

) is a graph embeddable in $$\mathbb R^d$$

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d

so that two vertices u and v form an edge if and only if their images in the embedding are at distance in the interval $$[R_1, R_2]$$

[

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,

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]

. In this paper we show that the family $$\mathcal A_d(R_1,R_2)$$

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(

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,

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)

of d-dimensional annulus graphs with radii $$R_1$$

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1

and $$R_2$$

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is uniquely characterised by $$R_2/R_1$$

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2

/

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1

when this ratio is sufficiently large. Moreover, as a step towards a better understanding of the structure of $$\mathcal A_d(R_1,R_2)$$

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d

(

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1

,

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)

, we show that $$\sup _{G\in \mathcal A_d(R_1,R_2)} \chi (G)/\omega (G)$$

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∈

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(

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,

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(
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(
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is given by $$\exp (O(d))$$

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)

for all $$R_1,R_2$$

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,

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satisfying $$R_2\ge R_1 > 0$$

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and also $$\exp (\Omega (d))$$

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if moreover $$R_2/R_1\ge 1.2$$

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.