bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Correlation of ctDNA and LDH levels in patients with soft tissue sarcoma: A single-center experience.
Authors: Braat Jonathan , Zamora DIana , Ikram Waleed , Behara Murali Ranjani , Dinh Han , Azevedo Chelsea , Patel Shyamal , Wiseman Jason T. , Gonzalez Velez Miguel 
Published: June 2024

e23535 Background: Our study aims to examine the relationship between the presence of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in patients diagnosed with soft tissue sarcoma (STS). There is emerging yet limited data on the applicability of ctDNA in STS. LDH is a cheaper readily available test that has been associated with unfavorable overall survival in different malignancies. This research aims to understand the correlation between ctDNA and LDH as a tool to assess its utility as indirect markers of response to treatment in STS. Methods: This was a single-center retrospective chart review on patients diagnosed with STS. Eligibility criteria included a confirmed diagnosis and available measurements of both ctDNA and LDH levels. Correlation was compared between Non-hispanic whites (NHW) and Hispanics (H). Data was sourced from our electronic medical record and Signatera™ assay to obtain the primary endpoints. Specimens were standardized in accordance to Natera’s™ specifications. Study endpoints included the correlation coefficients between ctDNA and LDH levels. A two-stage study design was applied for a robust analysis. Spearman's rank correlation coefficient (denoted as r) was employed for statistical analysis, assessing the strength and direction of the monotonic relationship between ctDNA and LDH levels. Marker values were treated as continuous variables in these analyses. All analyses were executed in GraphPad Prism software. Results: The cohort comprised 33 patients with STS (14 NHW, 19 H). The median LDH in H was 189 (interquartile range (IQR) = 184) vs 184 (IQR = 105) in NHW. Comparatively, the median ctDNA in H was 0 (IQR = 39.3) and also 0 (IQR = 11.1) in NHW. The overall correlation between ctDNA and LDH levels was moderate positive (r = 0.5, p = 0.002), indicating a consistent, though not necessarily linear, relationship. Subgroup analysis showed r = 0.19 (p = 0.52) in NHW and r = 0.43 (p = 0.1) in H groups, suggesting ethnic variability in the ctDNA-LDH correlation. These findings were statistically significant within the predefined confidence limits and probability values. Conclusions: Our study demonstrated a significant correlation between ctDNA levels and LDH in STS patients, implying that higher ctDNA may be associated with higher LDH levels. This association can lead clinicians in monitoring LDH more frequently as an indirect marker of response to treatment in STS. This correlation suggests an increased tumor burden with a higher inflammatory response, with variations across different racial groups. The wider availability of LDH testing compared to ctDNA in many centers highlights LDH's potential as an indirect marker for STS. Further research with larger prospective cohorts is essential to confirm LDH's role paired with ctDNA in guiding treatment decisions in STS, enhancing its utility in clinical practice.
The effectiveness of adjuvant therapy in adult patients with spindle cell/sclerosing rhabdomyosarcoma: A single-center retrospective study.
Authors: Liu Zijing , Liu Jie , Deng Yaotiao , Jiang Yu 
Published: June 2024

e23550 Background: In recent years, the WHO classification of soft tissue tumours has classified spindle cell/sclerosing rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) as a novel subtype of RMS. However, the prognosis and standard treatment modalities for operable spindle cell/sclerosing RMS patients remain unclear. This study aims to investigate the effectiveness and influencing factors of postoperative adjuvant therapy in adult patients with spindle cell/sclerosing RMS. Materials and Methods: This single-center retrospective study enrolled adult patients with spindle cell/sclerosing RMS who underwent surgery and subsequent adjuvant therapy at West China Hospital, Sichuan University, from August 2014 to March 2023. The included patients initially underwent surgical excision, followed by one of the adjuvant treatments: radiotherapy, chemotherapy, or a combination of radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Disease-Free Survival (DFS) and Overall Survival (OS) were calculated for the included patients in this study. Univariate analysis and multivariate COX regression were conducted to determine prognostic factors. Results: This study included a total of 17 patients diagnosed with spindle cell/sclerosing RMS. Among them, 10 (58.8%) patients received postoperative adjuvant chemoradiotherapy, while 7 (41.2%) patients underwent postoperative chemotherapy alone. 12 (70.6%) patients received chemotherapy following the VAC regimen, and 5 (29.4%) patients received non-VAC chemotherapy. The prognosis analysis indicates that the median DFS was not reached, with a 1-year DFS rate of approximately 87.8% and a 2-year DFS rate of approximately 52.4%. The median OS was not reached, with a 1-year OS rate of 100% and a 2-year OS rate of approximately 92.9%. Univariate analysis shows that compared to undergoing non-R0 resection, undergoing R0 surgical resection significantly improves patient DFS (P = 0.02). Compared to no postoperative radiotherapy, receiving postoperative prophylactic radiotherapy significantly improved both DFS (P = 0.01) and OS (P = 0.02). In contrast, using VAC as adjuvant chemotherapy did not significantly increase DFS and OS compared to non-VAC regimens (P = 0.83 and 0.57, respectively). Multivariate Cox regression analysis demonstrated that the receipt of postoperative prophylactic radiotherapy independently predicted DFS (P = 0.03). Conclusions: In adult patients with spindle cell/sclerosing RMS, R0 resection, when compared with non-R0 resection, delays disease recurrence but does not enhance overall survival. Long-term outcomes may be improved in patients who receive postoperative adjuvant radiotherapy. However, choosing a VAC regimen as adjuvant chemotherapy may not contribute to an improved long-term prognosis when compared with a non-VAC regimen. Keywords: adjuvant therapy, spindle cell, sclerosing, rhabdomyosarcoma, effectiveness
Impact of molecular therapy on radioactive iodine uptake in patients with oncogene-driven metastatic differentiated thyroid cancer.
Authors: Yang Adeline T , Segers Blair , Caradonio Olivia , Behl Supriya , Li Yimei , Zhuang Hongming , States Lisa , Mahajan Priya , Ketterl Tyler Garrett , Waguespack Steven G. , Isaza Amber , Sisko Lindsay , Franco Aime , Bauer Andrew J. , Laetsch Theodore Willis 
Published: June 2024

TPS10078 Background: Targetable kinase fusions and mutations are common in pediatric and young adult patients with papillary thyroid cancer (TC) and are associated with metastatic disease and lack of response to radioactive iodine therapy (RAI). While survival outcomes are excellent, less than 20% of children with metastatic TC achieve a complete response to standard treatment with surgery and radioactive iodine (RAI). Thus, repeated RAI therapy is common, increasing the risk of pulmonary fibrosis and secondary malignancies. Targeted kinase inhibitors are highly effective at shrinking oncogene-driven TC. Preliminary data suggest that these targeted therapies can improve tumor differentiation and RAI sensitivity. However, optimal integration of targeted therapy with standard of care RAI for TC remains uncertain. The objective of this study is to evaluate if targeted inhibitors in patients with metastatic, oncogene-driven differentiated TC will improve or restore tumor RAI uptake and ultimately induce durable clinical responses in patients with metastatic differentiated TC. Methods: Patients with TC lung metastases, both RAI naïve and refractory, with an identified targetable molecular driver (Table) and intent to start oncogene-specific targeted therapy are eligible for this study. Patients who received a prior oncogene-specific targeted therapy are excluded. A RAI-whole body scan (WBS) is performed at baseline and after 4 weeks of targeted therapy. Patients will be followed for up to 5 years to monitor clinical response. Response parameters include structural (CT, WBS, and/or neck US) and biochemical (thyroglobulin, thyroglobulin antibodies) evaluation. The primary endpoint is the change in RAI avidity between baseline and 4 weeks of treatment. This will be calculated as the ratio of RAI uptake in the lungs/disease sites versus the whole body for each subject at each time point. Secondary endpoints include progression free survival and the proportion of patients who achieve a complete response to the combination of targeted therapy and RAI. Five of 32 patients have been enrolled. Clinical trial information: NCT05024929 . [Table: see text]
Emergent Management of Intracerebral Hemorrhage
Authors: Murthy Santosh B. 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE
Nontraumatic intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a potentially devastating cerebrovascular disorder. Several randomized trials have assessed interventions to improve ICH outcomes. This article summarizes some of the recent developments in the emergent medical and surgical management of acute ICH.

LATEST DEVELOPMENTS
Recent data have underscored the protracted course of recovery after ICH, particularly in patients with severe disability, cautioning against early nihilism and withholding of life-sustaining treatments. The treatment of ICH has undergone rapid evolution with the implementation of intensive blood pressure control, novel reversal strategies for coagulopathy, innovations in systems of care such as mobile stroke units for hyperacute ICH care, and the emergence of newer minimally invasive surgical approaches such as the endoport and endoscope-assisted evacuation techniques.

ESSENTIAL POINTS
This review discusses the current state of evidence in ICH and its implications for practice, using case illustrations to highlight some of the nuances involved in the management of acute ICH.
Emergent Management of Spontaneous Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
Authors: Park Soojin 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE
Spontaneous subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) carries high morbidity and mortality rates, and the emergent management of this disease can make a large impact on patient outcome. The purpose of this article is to provide a pragmatic overview of the emergent management of SAH.

LATEST DEVELOPMENTS
Recent trials have influenced practice around the use of antifibrinolytics, the timing of aneurysm securement, the recognition of cerebral edema and focus on avoiding a lower limit of perfusion, and the detection and prevention of delayed cerebral ischemia. Much of the acute management of SAH can be protocolized, as demonstrated by two updated guidelines published by the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association and the Neurocritical Care Society in 2023. However, the gaps in evidence lead to clinical equipoise in some aspects of critical care management.

ESSENTIAL POINTS
In acute management, there is an urgency to differentiate the etiology of SAH and take key emergent actions including blood pressure management and coagulopathy reversal. The critical care management of SAH is similar to that of other acute brain injuries, with the addition of detecting and treating delayed cerebral ischemia. Strategies for the detection and treatment of delayed cerebral ischemia are limited by disordered consciousness and may be augmented by monitoring and imaging technology.
Hyperactivation of MEK1 in cortical glutamatergic neurons results in projection axon deficits and aberrant motor learning
Authors: Bjorklund George R. , Rees Katherina P. , Balasubramanian Kavya , Hewitt Lauren T. , Nishimura Kenji , Newbern Jason M. 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT
Abnormal extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2, encoded by Mapk3 and Mapk1, respectively) signaling is linked to multiple neurodevelopmental diseases, especially the RASopathies, which typically exhibit ERK1/2 hyperactivation in neurons and non-neuronal cells. To better understand how excitatory neuron-autonomous ERK1/2 activity regulates forebrain development, we conditionally expressed a hyperactive MEK1 (MAP2K1) mutant, MEK1S217/221E, in cortical excitatory neurons of mice. MEK1S217/221E expression led to persistent hyperactivation of ERK1/2 in cortical axons, but not in soma/nuclei. We noted reduced axonal arborization in multiple target domains in mutant mice and reduced the levels of the activity-dependent protein ARC. These changes did not lead to deficits in voluntary locomotion or accelerating rotarod performance. However, skilled motor learning in a single-pellet retrieval task was significantly diminished in these MEK1S217/221E mutants. Restriction of MEK1S217/221E expression to layer V cortical neurons recapitulated axonal outgrowth deficits but did not affect motor learning. These results suggest that cortical excitatory neuron-autonomous hyperactivation of MEK1 is sufficient to drive deficits in axon outgrowth, which coincide with reduced ARC expression, and deficits in skilled motor learning. Our data indicate that neuron-autonomous decreases in long-range axonal outgrowth may be a key aspect of neuropathogenesis in RASopathies.
The Relative Effects of a Scandal on Member Engagement in Rites of Integration and Rites of Passage: Evidence from a Child Abuse Scandal in the Catholic Archdiocese of Philadelphia
Authors: Stroube Bryan K. , Zavyalova Anastasiya 
Published: June 2024

Organizational research has documented that scandals lead to negative aggregate stakeholder reactions. There is little reason to believe, however, that the effects of a scandal are homogenous across different types of engagement. We therefore compare the effects of a scandal on member engagement in two types of rites at normative organizations: rites of integration and rites of passage. Rites of integration focus on the community, celebrate organizational values, and help strengthen organizational identification; they are thus enacted more by core members. Rites of passage focus on the individual, celebrate transition between social roles, and require only occasional engagement; they are thus enacted by core and peripheral members. Because of these differences, we hypothesize that a normative organization’s implication in a scandal affects rites of passage more negatively than rites of integration, but that this effect depends on scandal prevalence among neighboring organizations, organizational age, and organizational size. We test our hypotheses in the context of a child abuse scandal in the Catholic Archdiocese of Philadelphia. Using yearly parish-level data from 1990 to 2010, we find that a parish’s implication in the scandal was associated with a larger decline in rites of passage (marriages, baptisms, and funerals) than in rites of integration (mass attendance). This difference was reversed with the increase in scandal prevalence. Furthermore, rites of integration were more resilient than rites of passage at older and larger parishes. To help rule in the plausibility of our organization-level theory, we present a simulation grounded in individual-level polling data from the context. Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.2022.16682 .
The Effect of Lego Games on Improving Children’s Creativity Development
Authors: Id'ha Tutfi Ulkhatiata  , Purnama Sigit 
Published: June 2024

Purpose – This study aims to determine the effect of the lego game on lego games in increasing the development of creativity in children aged 4-5 years at TK Aisyiyah ABA Konang Glagah Lamongan. Following the problems found in the field, the lack of learning the media used by teachers results in children feeling bored more quickly in carrying out teaching and learning activities and only emphasizing their academic development so that the development of creativity is not given enough attention.Design/methods/approach – This type of research uses a quantitative approach with a pre-experimental type and a one-group pretest-posttest design in collecting the data, namely making initial observations before being given treatment, treatment, and final observations after being given treatment. Data collection techniques used observation and documentation; data analysis used IBM SPSS with paired samples t-test. In this research, researchers conducted data mining using research instruments on children aged 4-5 years in TK Aisyiyah ABA Konang Glagah Lamongan.Findings – The results of the study show that the influence of the use of lego games increases the development of children’s creativity—the output of the paired sample t-test evidence this A significant value is obtained, namely 0.008 < 0.05. It indicates that H0 is rejected and Ha is accepted, meaning that there is a significant influence on increasing the development of children’s creativity using lego games.Research implications/limitations – This research only focuses on children aged 4-5 years with a limited number of 15 whose area is only in TK Aisyiyah ABA Konang Glagah Lamongan and in this study only uses lego games as a medium to increase the development of creativity in children.Practical implications – The results of this study are expected to help parents understand the creative talents possessed by children so that they can stimulate this development with the right strategies and methods.Originality/value – This research provides an in-depth understanding of one of the early childhood learning media to enhance creativity development using lego game media.Paper type: Research paper
O império quebradiço. Decadência urbana e declínio físico-moral em Pranto de Maria Parda (1522) de Gil Vicente e na poesia de Gregório de Matos
Authors: Radlwimmer Romana 
Published: June 2024

Resumo
A partir do fim do século XV, Portugal compreende-se como uma potência mundial. No entanto, as literaturas da época apontam para a fragilidade do status imperial. Sem rejeitar completamente as lógicas dominantes, as literaturas sublinham a decadência e a destruição deixadas pelo império. Em Pranto de Maria Parda (1522), de Gil Vicente, as crises internas de Portugal tornam-se evidentes, enquanto a poesia de Gregório de Matos enfatiza as crises que a colonização incita a nível global. Os dois poetas retratam o espaço urbano — Lisboa e Salvador da Bahia — como lugar de desintegração imperial.
Evaluation of the systemic-immune inflammation index (SII) and systemic immune-inflammation response index (SIRI) in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus and its relationship with cumulative glycemic exposure
Authors: Ozde Sukriye , Akture Gulsah , Ozel Mehmet Ali , Yavuzyilmaz Fatma , Arslanoglu Ilknur , Ozde Cem , Kayapinar Osman , Coskun Gokhan 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Objectives
In this study, the systemic proinflammatory status was assessed using the systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) and SIRI systemic immune-inflammatory response index (SIRI) in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM).

Methods
The study involved 159 patients aged between 6 and 16 years. The SII and SIRI values were calculated based on the complete blood count. Basic blood biochemistry evaluated, and carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) was measured and recorded. The cumulative glycemic exposure was calculated by multiplying the value above the normal reference range of the HbA1c value. The sum of all these values obtained from the time of diagnosis to obtain the cumulative glycemic exposure. All findings were compared statistically. All statistically significant parameters were evaluated in the multivariate logistic regression analysis.

Results
The analysis revealed that only cIMT (Exp(B)/OR: 0.769, 95 % CI: 0.694–0.853, p<0.001), high-density lipoprotein (Exp(B)/OR: 3.924, 95 % CI: 2.335–6.596, p<0.001), monocyte count (Exp(B)/OR: 1.650, 95 % CI: 1.257–2.178, p<0.001), hematocrit (Exp(B)/OR: 0.675, 95 % CI: 0.523–0.870, p<0.001), and SIRI (Exp(B)/OR: 1.005, 95 % CI: 1.002–1.008, p<0.001) were significantly associated with T1DM. A statistically significant positive association was found between cumulative glycemic exposure and SIRI only (r=0.213, p=0.032). To our knowledge, this is the first study to evaluate SII and SIRI in children with type 1 diabetes.

Conclusions
These findings indicate that SIRI could serve as a potential biomarker for detecting early-onset proatherosclerotic processes in diabetic children. However, further clinical studies are required to confirm this.
Entangled photon-pair generation in nonlinear thin-films
Authors: Santos Elkin A. , Weissflog Maximilian A. , Pertsch Thomas , Setzpfandt Frank , Saravi Sina 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
We develop a fully vectorial and non-paraxial formalism to describe spontaneous parametric down-conversion in nonlinear thin films. The formalism is capable of treating slabs with a sub-wavelength thickness, describe the associated Fabry–Pérot effects, and even treat absorptive nonlinear materials. With this formalism, we perform an in-depth study of the dynamics of entangled photon-pair generation in nonlinear thin films, to provide a needed theoretical understanding for such systems that have recently attracted much experimental attention as sources of photon pairs. As an important example, we study the far-field radiation properties of photon pairs generated from a high-refractive-index nonlinear thin-film with zinc-blende structure that is deposited on a linear low-refractive-index substrate. In particular, we study the thickness-dependent effect of Fabry–Pérot interferences on the far-field radiation pattern of the photon pairs. We also pay special attention to study of entanglement generation, and find the conditions under which maximally polarization-entangled photon pairs can be generated and detected in such nonlinear thin-films.
Inclined magnetized infinite shear rate viscosity of non-Newtonian tetra hybrid nanofluid in stenosed artery with non-uniform heat sink/source
Authors: Al-Kouz Wael , Owhaib Wahib , Souayeh Basma , Sabir Zulqurnain 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Many scholars performed the analysis by using the non-Newtonian fluids based on the nano and hybrid nano particles in blood arteries to investigate the heat transport for cure in several diseases. These performances are presented to investigate the blood flow behaviour with extended form of the novel tetra hybrid Das and Tiwari nanofluid system attached by the Carreau fluid. The assessment of energy transport has been achieved based on the thermal radiation, heat source/sink, Joule heating, and viscous dissipation. The obtained partial differential equation from physical problem is transformed into ordinary differential equations (ODEs) by using the similarity variables. Furthermore, system of nonlinear ODEs attached with boundary conditions are transported into the system of first-order ODEs with initial conditions. For the numerical solution of obtained ODEs, the numerical solutions have been performed based on the RK method. The numerical results are plotted through figures, tables, and statistical graphs. Magnetic forces and inclined magnetic effects are caused to reduce velocity of blood. Temperature of blood within the arteries is increased by increasing the parameter of thermal radiation.