bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Humanities and social science journals: a pilot study of eight US associations
Authors: WALTHAM Mary 
Published: March 2010

ABSTRACTThe paper summarizes the findings of a pilot study for the National Humanities Alliance, including the methodology, research tools, analysis, and initial conclusions about the publishing business of eight association published humanities and social sciences journals in the context of a move to an open access (author/producer pays) publishing model. The eight disciplines represented by these journals are modern languages, history, religion, economics, sociology, anthropology, politics and statistics. Specific tools were developed for the study to enable like‐for‐like comparison of the journals. Detailed information on current trends in revenue, costs, and surplus is included. Significant differences between HSS and STM journals are reviewed. Open access to research articles on publication as the ‘gold’ author/producer‐pays approach would not be sustainable for this sample of HSS journals for reasons articulated in the report. Further studies using the tools and methodology developed are required to broaden and confirm these results.
PheWAS: demonstrating the feasibility of a phenome-wide scan to discover gene–disease associations
Authors: Denny Joshua C. , Ritchie Marylyn D. , Basford Melissa A. , Pulley Jill M. , Bastarache Lisa , Brown-Gentry Kristin , Wang Deede , Masys Dan R. , Roden Dan M. , Crawford Dana C. 
Published: March 2010

Abstract
Motivation: Emergence of genetic data coupled to longitudinal electronic medical records (EMRs) offers the possibility of phenome-wide association scans (PheWAS) for disease–gene associations. We propose a novel method to scan phenomic data for genetic associations using International Classification of Disease (ICD9) billing codes, which are available in most EMR systems. We have developed a code translation table to automatically define 776 different disease populations and their controls using prevalent ICD9 codes derived from EMR data. As a proof of concept of this algorithm, we genotyped the first 6005 European–Americans accrued into BioVU, Vanderbilt's DNA biobank, at five single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with previously reported disease associations: atrial fibrillation, Crohn's disease, carotid artery stenosis, coronary artery disease, multiple sclerosis, systemic lupus erythematosus and rheumatoid arthritis. The PheWAS software generated cases and control populations across all ICD9 code groups for each of these five SNPs, and disease-SNP associations were analyzed. The primary outcome of this study was replication of seven previously known SNP–disease associations for these SNPs.
Results: Four of seven known SNP–disease associations using the PheWAS algorithm were replicated with P-values between 2.8 × 10−6 and 0.011. The PheWAS algorithm also identified 19 previously unknown statistical associations between these SNPs and diseases at P &lt; 0.01. This study indicates that PheWAS analysis is a feasible method to investigate SNP–disease associations. Further evaluation is needed to determine the validity of these associations and the appropriate statistical thresholds for clinical significance.
Availability:The PheWAS software and code translation table are freely available at http://knowledgemap.mc.vanderbilt.edu/research.
Contact: josh.denny@vanderbilt.edu
Familial Aggregation in Children Affected by Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders
Authors: Buonavolontà R , Coccorullo P , Turco R , Boccia G , Greco L , Staiano A 
Published: March 2010

ABSTRACTBackground and Aims:Adults with irritable bowel syndrome may often have a first‐degree relative with abdominal pain and bowel problems. The aims of this study were to evaluate the prevalence of functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs) in parents and siblings of children affected by FGIDs, the psychological profile of both children and parents affected by FGIDs, and whether independent factors could influence the prevalence of FGIDs in parents of children with and without FGIDs.Subjects and Methods:One hundred three patients affected by FGIDs according to Rome III criteria and/or their parents and siblings filled out validated questionnaires for gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms, depression, and anxiety. These patients were compared with 65 age‐ and sex‐matched controls referred to the Primary Care Center of the Department of Paediatrics at the University of Naples “Federico II” for non‐GI symptoms.Results:The parents of children with FGIDs showed a significantly (P < 0.0001) higher prevalence of FGIDs compared with the parents of children without FGIDs. No significant differences between the groups were observed for marital status, parental occupation, education level, standard of living, and presence of anxiety and/or depression. An association between the children's and their parents' type of GI disorders was found in 33.9% (35/103) of patients. In particular, an association between the children's and mother's type of GI disorders was found in 25.2% (26/103) of patients.Conclusions:To our knowledge, our study is the first to demonstrate that a large number of mothers of children with FGIDs have the same FGIDs as their children.
Orange But Not Apple Juice Enhances Ferrous Fumarate Absorption in Small Children
Authors: Balay Kimberly S , Hawthorne Keli M , Hicks Penni D , Griffin Ian J , Chen Zhensheng , Westerman Mark , Abrams Steven A 
Published: March 2010

ABSTRACTObjective:Ferrous fumarate is a common, inexpensive iron form increasingly used instead of ferrous sulfate as a food iron supplement. However, few data exist as to whether juices enhance iron absorption from ferrous fumarate.Subjects and Methods:We studied 21 children, ages 4.0 to 7.9 years using a randomized crossover design. Subjects consumed a small meal including a muffin containing 4 mg 57Fe as ferrous fumarate and either apple (no ascorbic acid) or orange juice (25 mg ascorbic acid). They were separately given a reference dose of 58Fe (ferrous sulfate) with ascorbic acid.Results:Iron absorption increased from 5.5% ± 0.7% to 8.2% ± 1.2%, P < 0.001 from the muffins given with orange juice compared with muffins given with apple juice. The absorption of ferrous fumarate given with orange juice and enhancement of absorption by the presence of juice were significantly positively related to height, weight, and age (P < 0.01 for each). Although iron absorption from ferrous fumarate given with apple juice was significantly inversely associated with the (log transformed) serum ferritin, the difference in absorption between juice types was not (P > 0.9).Conclusions:These data demonstrate an overall benefit to iron absorption from ferrous fumarate provided with orange juice. The effect was age related such that in children older than 6 years of age, there was a nearly 2‐fold increase in iron absorption from ferrous fumarate given with orange juice.
Home Management of Acute Diarrhoea in Czech Children
Authors: Kudlova Eva 
Published: March 2010

ABSTRACTObjectives:The aim of the study was to investigate home management of childhood acute diarrhoea.Methods:A cross‐sectional questionnaire study was conducted in Prague, Czech Republic. The caregivers of 210 children ages 6 to 59 months were approached in public places and interviewed about the knowledge and use of oral rehydration solution (ORS) and about management of the child's last episode of diarrhoea.Results:Maternal knowledge of ORS (27.6%) and ORS use (1.9% during the child's last episode of diarrhoea) were low. They were positively associated with education level but not with the source of advice. Small volumes of ORS given and its refusal were issues. Increased amounts of fluid offered to 60% of children were significantly associated with higher maternal education and relatives/friends (76%) as a source of advice rather than a paediatrician (57.9%), the most frequent source of advice (78.1%). Black tea was the most common fluid given (86.2%) followed by plain or mineral water (41.9%). Breast‐feeding of all breast‐fed children was continued; low‐lactose formula was given in 1 case only. Withholding food was rare (5.2%), but the diet of 75.2% cases was modified. Drugs were given to 52.4% children, most frequently smectite and/or probiotics, and antimicrobials were given to 6.4% cases.
Exposure to Helicobacter pylori–positive Siblings and Persistence of Helicobacter pylori Infection in Early Childhood
Authors: Cervantes Diana T , Fischbach Lori A , Goodman Karen J , Phillips Carl V , Chen Shande , Broussard Cheryl S 
Published: March 2010

ABSTRACTObjectives:Cross‐sectional studies suggest that Helicobacter pylori may be transmitted between siblings. The present study aimed to estimate the effect of an H pylori–infected sibling on the establishment of a persistent H pylori infection.Materials and Methods:The authors used data collected from a Texas–Mexico border population from 1998 to 2005 (the “Pasitos Cohort Study”). Starting at age 6 months, H pylori and factors thought to be associated with H pylori were ascertained every 6 months for participants and their younger siblings. Hazard ratios were estimated from proportional hazards regression models with household‐dependent modeling.Results:Persistent H pylori infection in older siblings always preceded persistent infection in younger siblings. After controlling for mother's H pylori status, breast‐feeding, antibiotic use, and socioeconomic factors, a strong effect was estimated for persistent H pylori infection in an older sibling on persistent infection in a younger sibling (hazard ratio 7.6, 95% confidence interval 1.6–37], especially when the difference in the age of the siblings was less than or equal to 3 years (hazard ratio 16, 95% confidence interval 2.5–112).Conclusions:These results suggest that when siblings are close in age, the older sibling may be an important source of H pylori transmission for younger siblings.
Deregulated Copper Transport Affects Arabidopsis Development Especially in the Absence of Environmental Cycles
Authors: Andrés-ColÁs Nuria , Perea-García Ana , Puig Sergi , Peñarrubia Lola 
Published: March 2010

Abstract
Copper is an essential cofactor for key processes in plants, but it exerts harmful effects when in excess. Previous work has shown that the Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) COPT1 high-affinity copper transport protein participates in copper uptake through plant root tips. Here, we show that COPT1 protein localizes to the plasma membrane of Arabidopsis cells and the phenotypic effects of transgenic plants overexpressing either COPT1 or COPT3, the latter being another high-affinity copper transport protein family member. Both transgenic lines exhibit increased endogenous copper levels and are sensitive to the copper in the growth medium. Additional phenotypes include decreased hypocotyl growth in red light and differentially affected flowering times depending on the photoperiod. Furthermore, in the absence of environmental cycles, such as light and temperature, the survival of plants overexpressing COPT1 or COPT3 is compromised. Consistent with altered circadian rhythms, the expression of the nuclear circadian clock genes CIRCADIAN CLOCK-ASSOCIATED1 (CCA1) and LATE ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL (LHY) is substantially reduced in either COPT1- or COPT3-overexpressing plants. Copper affects the amplitude and the phase, but not the period, of the CCA1 and LHY oscillations in wild-type plants. Copper also drives a reduction in the expression of circadian clock output genes. These results reveal that the spatiotemporal control of copper transport is a key aspect of metal homeostasis that is required for Arabidopsis fitness, especially in the absence of environmental cues.
Isolation and Characterization of the Z-ISO Gene Encoding a Missing Component of Carotenoid Biosynthesis in Plants
Authors: Chen Yu , Li Faqiang , Wurtzel Eleanore T. 
Published: March 2010

Abstract
Metabolic engineering of plant carotenoids in food crops has been a recent focus for improving human health. Pathway manipulation is predicated on comprehensive knowledge of this biosynthetic pathway, which has been extensively studied. However, there existed the possibility of an additional biosynthetic step thought to be dispensable because it could be compensated for by light. This step, mediated by a putative Z-ISO, was predicted to occur in the sequence of redox reactions that are coupled to an electron transport chain and convert the colorless 15-cis-phytoene to the red-colored all-trans-lycopene. The enigma of carotenogenesis in the absence of light (e.g. in endosperm, a target for improving nutritional content) argued for Z-ISO as a pathway requirement. Therefore, understanding of plant carotenoid biosynthesis was obviously incomplete. To prove the existence of Z-ISO, maize (Zea mays) and Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) mutants were isolated and the gene identified. Functional testing of the gene product in Escherichia coli showed isomerization of the 15-cis double bond in 9,15,9′-tri-cis-ζ-carotene, proving that Z-ISO encoded the missing step. Z-ISO was found to be important for both light-exposed and “dark” tissues. Comparative genomics illuminated the origin of Z-ISO found throughout higher and lower plants, algae, diatoms, and cyanobacteria. Z-ISO evolved from an ancestor related to the NnrU (for nitrite and nitric oxide reductase U) gene required for bacterial denitrification, a pathway that produces nitrogen oxides as alternate electron acceptors for anaerobic growth. Therefore, plant carotenogenesis evolved by recruitment of genes from noncarotenogenic bacteria.
Root-Specific Expression of OsNAC10 Improves Drought Tolerance and Grain Yield in Rice under Field Drought Conditions
Authors: Jeong Jin Seo , Kim Youn Shic , Baek Kwang Hun , Jung Harin , Ha Sun-Hwa , Do Choi Yang , Kim Minkyun , Reuzeau Christophe , Kim Ju-Kon 
Published: March 2010

Abstract
Drought poses a serious threat to the sustainability of rice (Oryza sativa) yields in rain-fed agriculture. Here, we report the results of a functional genomics approach that identified a rice NAC (an acronym for NAM [No Apical Meristem], ATAF1-2, and CUC2 [Cup-Shaped Cotyledon]) domain gene, OsNAC10, which improved performance of transgenic rice plants under field drought conditions. Of the 140 OsNAC genes predicted in rice, 18 were identified to be induced by stress conditions. Phylogenic analysis of the 18 OsNAC genes revealed the presence of three subgroups with distinct signature motifs. A group of OsNAC genes were prescreened for enhanced stress tolerance when overexpressed in rice. OsNAC10, one of the effective members selected from prescreening, is expressed predominantly in roots and panicles and induced by drought, high salinity, and abscisic acid. Overexpression of OsNAC10 in rice under the control of the constitutive promoter GOS2 and the root-specific promoter RCc3 increased the plant tolerance to drought, high salinity, and low temperature at the vegetative stage. More importantly, the RCc3:OsNAC10 plants showed significantly enhanced drought tolerance at the reproductive stage, increasing grain yield by 25% to 42% and by 5% to 14% over controls in the field under drought and normal conditions, respectively. Grain yield of GOS2:OsNAC10 plants in the field, in contrast, remained similar to that of controls under both normal and drought conditions. These differences in performance under field drought conditions reflect the differences in expression of OsNAC10-dependent target genes in roots as well as in leaves of the two transgenic plants, as revealed by microarray analyses. Root diameter of the RCc3:OsNAC10 plants was thicker by 1.25-fold than that of the GOS2:OsNAC10 and nontransgenic plants due to the enlarged stele, cortex, and epidermis. Overall, our results demonstrated that root-specific overexpression of OsNAC10 enlarges roots, enhancing drought tolerance of transgenic plants, which increases grain yield significantly under field drought conditions.
Recent progress in studies of infantile hemangioma
Authors: JINNIN Masatoshi , ISHIHARA Tsuyoshi , BOYE Eileen , OLSEN Bjorn R. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractA hallmark of infantile hemangioma, the most common tumor of infancy, is its dramatic growth after birth, by diffuse proliferation of immature endothelial cells, followed by spontaneous regression. The growth and involution of infantile hemangioma is quite different from other vascular anomalies, which do not regress and can occur at any time during life. Some hemangioma lesions can be extremely disfiguring and destructive to normal tissue and may even be life‐threatening. Unfortunately, existing therapeutic approaches have limited success and significant adverse effects of some treatment modalities limit their use. Better understanding of the pathogenesis of hemangioma will enable the development of better therapeutic strategies. Here, we review recent studies and new hypotheses on the pathogenesis of the tumor. Detailed mechanisms of activated vascular endothelial growth factor signaling in tumor cells, identification of their origin and characterization of multipotent stem cells that can give rise to infantile hemangioma are shedding new light on this intriguing vascular tumor.
Apocrine gland carcinoma of the mammary skin concomitant with pagetoid phenomenon
Authors: USUI Keiko , OCHIAI Toyoko , ABE Ikuko , NISHIO Haruko , TOGO Kana , YAMAGATA Motoo 
Published: March 2010

AbstractWe reported a 52‐year‐old woman with an apocrine gland carcinoma of the mammary skin concomitant with pagetoid phenomenon. She had a 23‐year history of a small nodular lesion on the lower left part of her right breast with a 1‐year history of the pigmented plaque spreading peripherally around the nodule. Our diagnosis revealed that the nodule was an apocrine gland carcinoma and the intraepidermal neoplastic cells with pagetoid spread in the pigmented plaque were derived from the apocrine gland carcinoma. No Paget’s cells were detected in the right nipple, and no tumor cells were observed in the sentinel lymph node and underlying mammary gland tissue. We also investigated the immunohistochemical changes in this case. They showed that both intraepidermal neoplastic cells with pagetoid spread and tumor cells of the apocrine gland carcinoma were positive with cytokeratin‐7 and human epidermal growth factor receptor‐2 (HER‐2)/neu overexpression. The results of the present study conclude that the intraepithelial spread of tumor cells in the mammary skin distant from the nipple occurred as a pagetoid phenomenon, and that HER‐2 may have a key role in pagetoid phenomenon of an underlying apocrine gland carcinoma, as well as in mammary Paget’s disease.
Temporal triangular alopecia and a review of 52 past cases
Authors: YAMAZAKI Masashi , IRISAWA Ryokichi , TSUBOI Ryoji 
Published: March 2010

AbstractTemporal triangular alopecia (TTA) is a circumscribed, non‐cicatricial form of alopecia confined to the frontotemporal region. The patient, a 15‐year‐old boy, was noticed at birth to have an alopecial area, sized 1.5 cm × 2.5 cm, in the right temporal region. Microscopic examination revealed miniaturized hair follicles accompanied by differentiated sebaceous glands. We have provided a synopsis of the past 52 cases. Of the 53 cases of TTA including our case, more than half (55.8%) were detected in childhood between the ages of 2 and 9 years, while 36.5% were detected at birth and only 3.8% (only two cases) in adulthood. There were three familial cases. Several congenital diseases were associated with the condition, for example, phakomatosis pigmentovascularis, Down syndrome and Dandy–Walker malformation. This information suggests that TTA can be recognized as a hamartomatous mosaic disease.
Drug‐induced hypersensitivity syndrome due to carbapenem antibiotics
Authors: GOTO Mizuki , SHIMIZU Fumiaki , TAKEO Naoko , OKAMOTO Osamu , KATAGIRI Kazumoto , IKEWAKI Junji , OGATA Masao , KADOTA Jun‐ichi , FUJIWARA Sakuhei 
Published: March 2010

AbstractDrug‐induced hypersensitivity syndrome (DIHS) is characterized by a serious adverse systemic reaction that usually appears after a 3–6‐week exposure to certain drugs, for example, anticonvulsants. Many different precipitating factors have been reported, but the pathophysiology of DIHS remains unknown. However, reactivation of members of the human herpesvirus (HHV) family, and of HHV‐6 in particular, has been reported in patients with DIHS. We report the case of a 64‐year‐old man who developed a generalized erythematous rash, fever, hepatic failure, lymphadenopathy and an increased number of atypical lymphocytes. In addition, reactivation of HHV‐6 and cytomegalovirus (CMV) was demonstrated by real‐time quantitative amplification by polymerase chain reaction. The patient was given a diagnosis of DIHS due to carbapenem antibiotics based on his clinical course, laboratory data, and results of lymphocyte‐stimulation tests with various drugs. This is the first report, to our knowledge, of DIHS induced by carbapenem antibiotics.
Dermoscopic evaluation of vascular structures of various skin tumors in Japanese patients
Authors: SAKAKIBARA Akihiro , KAMIJIMA Michihiro , SHIBATA Shinichi , YASUE Satoshi , KONO Michihiro , TOMITA Yasushi 
Published: March 2010

AbstractDermoscopic analysis of skin tumor has been mainly focused on pigmented structures. Recently, several different morphological types of vessels were found to be well associated with pigmented or non‐pigmented skin tumors in white subjects. Therefore, the recognition of such vascular structures has been applied for diagnostic purposes. As little statistical information on the various pigmented skin tumor vessels of Japanese patients has been reported, we therefore tried to evaluate the association between various vascular structures and 741 tumor lesions of Japanese patients. Vascular structures were dermoscopically recognized in 41 of 102 cases of melanoma, 104 of 119 basal cell carcinoma (BCC), 86 of 257 seborrheic keratosis (SK), 35 of 210 dermal and compound nevus (DN/CN), six of 12 squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and 16 of 41 Bowen disease (BD). The structures of arborizing and glomerular vessels statistically revealed diagnostic specificity for BCC and BD, respectively, and hairpin vessels were helpful for differentiating SK from other pigmented tumors, as already reported in white patients. The most common vascular pattern observed in melanoma was the linear–irregular structure, but this pattern in Japanese patients had less diagnostic value than in white patients, because its sensitivity was not significantly higher than in SCC. The most remarkable differences between our study and previous reports with white patients were low frequency and sensitivity of dotted, comma and polymorphous vessels in lesions of melanoma, BCC and DN/CN; these vessels had less diagnostic value for Japanese patients. Finally, the frequency of vascular structures observed in melanoma rose along with the increase of the Breslow’s tumor thickness, and 88% of melanomas with vascular vessels revealed tumor thicknesses of more than 2 mm.
Spinal anaesthesia and caesarean section in a patient with hypofibrinogenaemia and factor XIII deficiency*
Authors: Hanke A. A. , Elsner O. , Görlinger K. 
Published: March 2010

SummaryWe report the peri‐operative management of a 32‐year‐old patient suffering from symptomatic hypofibrinogenaemia and factor XIII deficiency scheduled for caesarean section. Starting with an impaired fibrinogen (1.04 g.l−1) and factor XIII level (48%), fibrinogen and factor XIII administration was guided by point‐of‐care rotational thrombelastometry (ROTEM®) to achieve normal whole blood coagulation, which allowed uncomplicated spinal anaesthesia and an uneventful surgical procedure. We conclude that rotational thrombelastometry may be suitable to guide administration of coagulation factors in patients with hereditary bleeding disorders and allow otherwise contraindicated neuraxial anaesthesia and surgery to proceed without increased risk of blood loss.