bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Understanding factors affecting rice purchasing decisions in Indonesia: Does rice brand matter?
Authors: Antriyandarti Ernoiz , Melati Nimas Suci Kusuma , Maulana Rifqi Aji 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The rice sector is crucial to the Indonesian national economy. One of the staples in Indonesian society is rice. Many factors influence consumers’ purchase decisions. Rice brands can influence the psychological condition of the community, which raises the assumption that well-known brands of rice are in good condition and suitable for the community’s needs. This study aims to determine factors affecting rice purchasing decisions in Indonesia, particularly elaborating on one of the factors, which is the rice brand in the pandemic conditions. An online questionnaire was completed by 1,047 respondents who were rice consumers in Indonesia, and logistic regression was used to analyze the data. The results show that factors that influence rice purchasing decisions in Indonesia are age, household income, homogeneity of rice grains, and knowledge about imported rice. In contrast, the price of rice, rice brands, number of family members, and gender do not affect consumers’ rice purchase decisions. The rice brand does not affect rice purchasing decisions because, during a pandemic, economic factors such as job loss or financial strain may also influence purchasing decisions, leading consumers to prioritize cost-effective options rather than specific brands. This research helps rice producers or traders understand customers’ preferences and provides knowledge that is useful for meeting customer demand.
Information technology adoption in Indonesia’s small-scale dairy farms
Authors: Indriasari Sofiyanti , Sensuse Dana Indra , Resti Yuni 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The use of modern digital technologies contributes to small-scale dairy farmers enhancing their business processes, increasing productivity, and addressing challenges related to sustainability. Small-scale dairy farmers are the ones most left behind in the process of implementing information technology. Therefore, there is a need to implement information technology that pays attention to the beneficial aspects seen from the aspect of small-scale farmers. The level of information technology application and human resource readiness can be measured as a basis for formulating strategies for implementing information technology. This research aims to assess the factors that affect information technology adoption among small-scale dairy farmers in Indonesia. The factors that influence the level of adoption of new information technology for small-scale dairy farmers were identified by literature studies, surveys, data analysis carried out using the Partial Least Squares-Structural Equation Modelling approach, and patterns related to aspects of technology application for small-scale dairy farmers. The findings in this research show that the factors that influence information technology adoption for small-scale dairy farmers consist of Digital Skill, Supporting, Perceived Ease of Use, Perceived Usefulness, Attitude Toward Use, and Behavioral Intention to Use. This research identified the pattern that the more complete the recording habits, the higher the level of farmer adoption of the use of new information technology. Apart from that, farmers with moderate incomes show a higher readiness to embrace technology, possibly driven by their aspiration to advance their businesses. Contrastingly, higher-income farmers exhibit less enthusiasm, potentially due to contentment with their current status and apprehension towards new risks. By offering a nuanced analysis of these factors, this study contributes significantly to the literature on agricultural information technology adoption, particularly within the context of small-scale dairy farming. It presents a novel understanding of the barriers and enablers to technology adoption, advocating for more personalized and contextually relevant support strategies. Furthermore, this research provides valuable insights for policymakers, extension agents, and technology developers on designing and implementing information technology adoption strategies that are not only technically viable but also socially and culturally acceptable.
Epidemiology of thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulin in recent-onset symptomatic thyroid eye disease
Authors: Lai Kenneth Ka Hei , Aljufairi Fatema Mohamed Ali Abdulla , Sebastian Jake Uy , Wei Yingying , Jia Ruofan , Chan Karen Kar Wun , Au Elaine Yuen Ling , Lee Alan Chun Hong , Ng Chiu Ming , Yuen Hunter Kwok Lai , Yip Wilson Wai Kuen , Young Alvin Lerrmann , Cheng George Pak Man , Tham Clement Chee Yung , Pang Chi Pui , Chong Kelvin Kam Lung 
Published: June 2024

Purpose
This study aims to report correlations between thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulin (TSI) and both clinical and radiological parameters in recent-onset symptomatic thyroid eye disease (TED) patients.

Methods
A prospective cohort study of TED patients managed at the Chinese University of Hong Kong from January 2014 to May 2022. Serum TSI levels were determined with the functional assay. Outcomes included the Clinical Activity Score (CAS), marginal reflex distance1 (MRD1), extraocular muscle motility restriction (EOMy), exophthalmos, and diplopia. The radiological assessment included cross-sectional areas and signal of extraocular muscles on STIR-sequence MRI.

Results
A total of 255 (197 female) treatment-naive patients, with an average onset age of 50 ± 14 years (mean ± s.d.), were included. Elevated pre-treatment TSI level was observed in 223 (88%) patients. There was a weak positive correlation between TSI and CAS (r = 0.28, P = 0.000031), MRD1 (r = 0.17, P = 0.0080), and the size of the levator palpebrae superioris/superior rectus complex (r = 0.25, P = 0.018). No significant correlation existed between TSI and STIR signals. The AUC and optimal cut-off value for clinical active TED were 0.67 (95% CI: 0.60–0.75) and 284% (specificity: 50%, sensitivity: 85%). In total, 64 patients received intravenous methylprednisolone (IVMP) during the study interval, and they had a higher baseline TSI level than those who did not have IVMP (P = 0.000044). Serial post-IVMP TSI among the 62 patients showed a significant reduction compared to the baseline level (P < 0.001). Both the baseline and post-IVMP TSI levels, and percentages of TSI changes were comparable between patients who responded and did not respond to the first course of IVMP.

Conclusion
TSI can be a serum biomarker for the diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment response of TED. Further validation should be warranted.
Biocatalysts based on papain associates with chitosan nanoparticles
Authors: Goncharova Svetlana S. , Redko Yulia A. , Lavlinskaya Maria S. , Sorokin Andrey V. , Holyavka Marina G. , Kondratyev Maxim S. , Artyukhov Valery G. 
Published: June 2024

The research purpose was to develop and study biocatalysts based on papain associates with chitosan nanoparticles. We obtained medium and high molecular weight chitosan nanoparticles, both with and without ascorbic acid . When the papainna-noparticles complexes with ascorbic acid were formed, the catalytic activity of the enzyme increased by 3 % for medium molecular weight chitosan and by 16 % for high molecular weight chitosan. After 168 hours of incubation in 0.05 M of Tris-HCl buffer (pH 7.5) at 37 °C, the free enzyme retained 15 % of its catalytic activity, whereas its associates with chitosan nanoparticles exhibited ~ 30 %. The papain complex with chitosan nanoparticles and ascorbic acid exhibited 40 % of the enzyme catalytic activity. We simulated the bonds and interactions within the chitosan-ascorbic acid-papain complex. The proposed biocatalysts have high prospects for effective use in cosmetology, biomedicine, and pharmacy.
Trap state and exciton luminescence of colloidal PbS quantum dots coated with thioglycolic acid molecules
Authors: Grevtseva Irina G. , Smirnov Mikhail S. , Chirkov Kirill S. , Ovchinnikov Oleg V. 
Published: June 2024

This work presents the results of studying the IR luminescence of colloid PbS quantum dots coated with molecules of thioglycolic acid. Luminescence of the sample was recorded using the InGaAs image sensor PDF 10C/M (ThorlabsInc., USA) and a diffraction monochromator with 600 mm-1 grating. To study the temperature dependence of luminescence, the sample was cooled in a nitrogen cryostat down to 80 К. A redistribution of the luminescence intensity between two peaks (1100 and 1280 nm) was identified upon a decrease in temperature. It was shown that an exciton absorption peak was present in the excitationspectrum for the short-wave luminescence peak, and the Stokes shift was ΔEstokes ~ 0.1 eV. On the contrary, the exciton peak was absent in the luminescence excitation spectrum of the long-wave band, and its red boundary was shifted towards the short-wave region, that provided the Stokes shift of more than 0.3 eV. It was concluded that the short-wave luminescence band appeared as a result of the radiative annihilation of an exciton, while the long-wave band appeared due to the recombination of charge carriers at trap states. Trap state luminescence was effectively excited upon direct absorption of the radiation by the luminescence centre. A three-level diagram was suggested that determined the IR luminescence of colloid PbS quantum dots coated with thioglycolic acid molecules.
Photoelectric response in sandwich structures based on condensed layers of Ag2S quantum dots passivated with thioglycolic acid
Authors: Gurchenko Vladimir S. , Mazinov Alim S. , Smirnov Mikhail S. , Grevtseva Irina G. , Nesterenko Lolita P. , Ovchinnikov Oleg V. 
Published: June 2024

The study is aimed at developing a technique for forming a structure with a Schottky barrier in the form of a mltilayer Al-Ag2S-ITO sandwich structure, which includes a condensate of colloidal Ag2S quantum dots passivated with thioglycolic acid molecules (Ag2S/TGA QDs). The spectral properties were studied using a USB2000+ spectrometer (Ocean Optics, USA) with a USB-DT light source (Ocean Optics, USA). Electrophysical and photoelectric properties of the structures were studied using a Keysight B1500A semiconductor device analyzer (Keysight tech, USA). The study of the temperature dependences of the properties in the temperature range from 300 to 360 K was carried out in a Shielded room (Faraday cage) placed in a muffle furnace. It was found that the conductivity of the Al-Ag2S-ITO structure is mostly governed by the Schottky barrier at the Al-condensed Ag2S QDs film junction. At the junction between the condensed Ag2S QDs film and Al, signs of the formation of a rectifying contact were found. Under the action of the optical radiation with a wavelength of 650 nm and less, which corresponds to the most probable exciton transition in the UV-Vis absorption of Ag2S/TGA QDs, an increase in the current was found for the negative branch of the J-V curve.
Photosensitising reactive oxygen species with titanium dioxide nanoparticles decorated with PbS quantum dots
Authors: Perepelitsa Aleksey S. , Aslanov Sergey V. , Ovchinnikov Oleg V. , Smirnov Mikhail S. , Grevtseva Irina G. , Latyshev Anatoly N. , Kondratenko Tamara S. 
Published: June 2024

The development of new efficient photocatalysts based on nanostructured materials with a wide range of photosensitivity in visible and near-infra-red regions and high efficiency of reactive oxygen species generation is an important task. The purpose of this project was to establish the possibility of photosensitising the process of generating reactive oxygen species (ROSs) with TiO2 nanoparticles (NPs) decorated with colloidal PbS quantum dots (QDs) passivated with 3-mercaptopropionic acid (3MPA) as well as the possibility of increasing the spectral sensitivity of synthesised nanoheterosystems into the redregion. The paper analyses the photocatalytic properties of TiO2 NPs with an anatase structure and average size of 12 nm decorated with colloidal PbS QDs with an average size of 2.7 nm passivated with 3MPA. It also provides structural and spectral substantiation of the formation of TiO2 NPs – PbS/3MPA QDs nanoheterostructures. Absorption and luminescence techniques were used to establish the efficiency of generating various ROSs by TiO2 NPs – PbS/3MPA nanoheterostructures and their individual components under excitation in the UV and visible radiation. It was shown that TiO2 NPs decoration with PbS QDs extends the spectral range of sensitivity to the generation of reactive oxygen species in the UV to 1,100 nm. The study revealed an increased efficiency of hydrogen peroxide generation by nanoheterostructures as compared to individual PbS QDs and TiO2 nanoparticles.
The effect of the synthesis conditions on the crystal structure of palladium(II) oxide nanofilms
Authors: Samoilov Alexander M. , Kopytin Stanislav S. , Ivkov Sergey A. , Ratkov Egor A. , Tutov Evgeny A. 
Published: June 2024

Nanocrystalline films of palladium(II) oxide obtained by oxidation of the initial metallic Pd layers with a thickness of 35 nm on Si (100) substrates in atmospheric air were studied using XRD analysis, TEM, and RHEED. PdO/SiO2/Si (100) heterostructures were synthesised in two stages. First, we obtained finely dispersed layers of metallic Pd on SiO2/Si (100) substrates with an ~ 300 nm SiO2 buffer layer using thermal sublimation in a high vacuum. The Pd layers were then oxidised in the temperature range Tox = 620 – 1100 K in atmospheric air (with the partial pressure of oxygen of about 21 kPa). The study determined that the deformation of the tetragonal crystal structure of homogeneous nanocrystalline PdO films is explained by an increase in the values of lattice parameters with the oxidation temperature. The deformation reaches its maximum values at Tox ~ 970 K. Comparison of the obtained results with the earlier data regarding PdO/SiO2/Si (100) heterostructures synthesised in a dry oxygen atmosphere (with the partial pressure of oxygen of about 101.3 kPa) demonstrated that PdO films synthesized in an oxygen atmosphere are characterized by a higher degree of deformation of the crystal structure. The effect of the oxidation temperature and O2 partial pressure on the increase in the tetragonal lattice parameters of the PdO films can be explained by the formation of interstitial oxygen atoms in the octahedral void in the centre of the palladium(II) oxide unit cell.
Organic fouling of anion-exchange and bipolar membranes during the separation of amino acid and sucrose by electrodialysis
Authors: Kharina Anastasiia Yu. , Charushina Olga E. , Eliseeva Tatiana V. 
Published: June 2024

The article presents a study of the behaviour of the MA-41 anion-exchange membrane and MB-2 bipolar membrane during the electrodialysis of a solution containing tyrosine and sucrose. It establishes changes in current-voltage, transport, and structural characteristics of ion-exchange membranes. The study of the evolution of membrane characteristics during a prolonged contact with solutions containing an aromatic amino acid and disaccharide is aimed at providing a deeper understanding of and finding solutions to the problem of organic fouling of membranes, which complicates the electromembrane separation of components of the solution during microbiological synthesis of amino acids. It was found that the fluxes of tyrosine and sucrose through the MA-41 membrane measured after its operation during 50-hour electrodialysis reach higher values than during the first hours of operation after the system reaches a steady state. However, it was noted that when the membrane continues to be used, the flux of components through the MA-41 membrane decreases. What is more, this change is pronounced with a high current density. This decrease in mass transport, an increased voltage drop on the MB-2 and MA-41 membranes, and lower values for the effective ОН- ion transport number for the MA-41 membrane are associated with the phenomenon of organic fouling confirmed by revealed structural changes in the ion-exchange material, which become significant after a prolonged contact (more than 60 hours) with a mixed solution of tyrosine and sucrose. These changes are associated with the accumulation of an amino acid and its oxidation product, 3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine, in the membrane phase, as well as with a decrease in the content of sucrose absorbed by the membrane.
Preparation, luminescence, and application of LiMeBO3 borates, Me = Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Zn, Cd. Review
Authors: Khamaganova Tatyana N. 
Published: June 2024

The review summarises and analyses data on the preparation, structure, and spectral-luminescent properties of LiMeBO3-based borates, Me = bivalent metal. These polycrystalline borates are prepared traditionally by solid-phase reactions and self-propagating high-temperature synthesis and its modifications based on a combustion reaction. Frameworks of lithium borates with alkaline earth metals, zinc, and cadmium are formed from large metal polyhedra between which there are boron-oxygen triangles isolated from each other. Doping with rare-earth and heavy metal ions leads to the formation of solid solutions which normally have defective structures. Doped activator ions often become the main part of the luminescence centre in the phosphor. The luminescent properties of ions of rare-earth elements arise from the possibility of electronic transitions between states within the 4f-configuration. The paper discusses the most likely mechanisms of charge compensation during heterovalent substitution in LiMeBO3 borates (co-doping and formationof cation vacancies). It is shown that charge compensation during the combined introduction of ions of REEs and alkali metals into the structure has a positive effect on the emission yield. The review considers the results of thermoluminescent, upconversion, and photoluminescent properties and processes and phenomena that cause them. It also explains the mechanism of resonance energy transfer from the sensitiser to the activator using the example of Yb3+→Er3+. It discusses the possibility of using the considered borates as phosphors that emit green, blue, and red light in white LEDs and as effective materials for personnel neutron dosimetry and the dosimetry of weak ionising radiation
Confirmation of spontaneous doping of GaN nanowires grown on vicinal SiC/Si substrate by electron beam induced current mapping
Authors: Reznik Rodion R. , Gridchin Vladislav O. , Kotlyar Konstantin P. , Neploh Vladimir V. , Osipov Andrei V. , Kukushkin Sergey A. , Saket Omar , Tchernycheva Maria , Cirlin George E. 
Published: June 2024

This study is devoted to the confirmation of spontaneous doping of GaN nanowires grown on vicinal SiC/Si hybrid substrates by electron beam induced current mapping. GaN nanowires (NWs) were grown on singular and vicinal SiC/Si substrates by molecular beam epitaxy with nitrogen plasma activation. The morphological properties of the NWs were studied by scanning electron microscopy. The electrophysical properties of the obtained nanostructures were studied by electron beam induced current mapping. By electron beam induced current mapping, we confirmed the spontaneous doping of the GaN NWs grown on vicinal SiC/Si wafers. It was also shown that the GaN NWs grown on singular SiC/Si substrates did not exhibit an induced current signal, indicating that they were not doped
The criminal law protection of virtual property
Authors: Jin Tao , Yao Jing-jing 
Published: June 2024

Virtual property in the sense of criminal law has the dispute between data attribute and property attribute, which leads to the differences in the criminal law protection path of virtual property. Virtual property has dual attributes of data and property, data attribute is its physical attribute, property attribute its essential attribute. According to the essential attribute of virtual property, virtual property should be protected as property, and the property protection path should be adopted. Virtual property is divided into physical virtual property, account virtual property and currency virtual property. Virtual property with management possibility, transfer possibility, relative non-replicability and property value should be protected as property.Virtual property should be protected by classification, and the property protection path should be adopted for physical virtual property and currency virtual property with property value. The account type virtual property and the physical virtual property without property value should be protected as data.
The Burden of Proof on Gang-related Property: Defunctionalization and Regulation
Authors: Yao Xian-sen , Zhang Yao-yuan 
Published: June 2024

Anti-Organized Crime Law establishes the proof system of gang-related property. However, due to the abstraction of the proof system and the disagreement of the distribution of the burden of proof, the proof system has the risk of blurring the burden of gang-related property, and forms a tendency of confiscation that is unfavorable to the accused. The defunctionalization of the burden of proof is manifested as the defunctionalization of the main body, the content and the function of the burden of proof. In view of the problem, criminal presumption rules, inversion of burden of proof, transfer of burden of proof and other distribution schemes of burden of proof cannot solve the problem.In accordance with Article 45 (3) of the Anti-organized Crime Law, the public prosecution should bear the burden of proof on gang-related property, moderately reduce the evidentiary requirements and proof standards of the prosecution’s allegations to ease the prosecution’s difficulty in proving, thus negate the vanity of the burden of proof. At the same time, the defendant bears the obligation to clarify the case of gang-related property, and participates in the identification of gang-related property, so as to realize the legitimacy identification of the nature of the gang-related property.
P–S Travel-Time Detection and Hypocenter Location of Low-SNR Events Using Polarization in the Time–Frequency Domain
Authors: Sun Jingyi , Mukuhira Yusuke , Nagata Takayuki , Nonomura Taku , Fehler Michael C. , Moriya Hirokazu , Nakata Nori , Ito Takatoshi 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT
The detection of microseismic events with low signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs) can expand the seismic catalog and provide opportunities for a deeper understanding of subsurface reservoir features. We propose a novel polarization analysis method for comprehensively detecting S-wave arrival and P–S travel time of low-SNR events from the particle motion of P and S waves in the time and frequency domain. In most circumstances, the direct S-wave particle motion shows a flat plane, and that is perpendicular to the direct P-wave motion direction. We combine these two properties to detect the S-wave arrival of low-SNR events. Our previous study applied spectral matrix (SPM) analysis to characterize the 3D particle motion of P waves. However, SPM analysis had limitations in detecting S-wave arrivals. We then introduce the time-delay components of the SPM (complex spectral matrix [cSPM]) to characterize the S-wave particle motion, separate the S-wave from the noise, and detect S-wave arrivals. Using the cSPM analysis method, we assess the planarity and perpendicularity of the S-wave polarization in the time and frequency domains. We then define a characteristic function that detects S-wave arrivals by combining two properties, planarity and perpendicularity, to detect more low-SNR events. The P–S travel time is obtained by setting the threshold values for the P- and S-wave characteristic functions. We apply our method to 4 hr and 2 months of field data recorded at the Groningen field in the Netherlands. Our method successfully detects the P–S travel time of all catalog events and several additional undetected events. We locate the hypocenter of all events using the detected P–S travel times with a grid-based search method.