bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enhancing nutritional profile, antioxidant capacity, sensory characteristics, and shelf life of coconut snowball (Naru) through Borassus flabellifer endosperm substitution
Authors: Roy Sarita , Sarkar Tanmay , Chakraborty Runu 
Published: May 2024

AbstractCoconut snowball (Naru/ Ladoo) is a conventional Indian sweet made out of coconut endosperm and sugar/ jaggery. However, coconut snowball has a limited shelf-life (3–4 weeks) and lose their textural properties with time in refrigerated conditions, due to the presence of high amounts of saturated fatty acids. This present study is aimed to utilize tender endosperm (Talsas/ Nungu) of Palmyra palm (Borassus flabellifer) as an ingredient for coconut snowball to improve its nutritional and sensory attributes. In this study, the optimum cooking time, amount of coconut, and Talsas endosperm obtained through Box-Behnken model were 22.5 min, 52.25% and 22.5%, respectively. Fortification increased the levels of total polyphenol content, total flavonoid content, ferric reducing antioxidant activity, and 2, 2′-Azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6 sulfonic acid) radical scavenging property by 45.39%, 3.25-fold, 6.68-fold and 2.34-fold, respectively. HPLC analysis of Naru samples revealed the presence of six polyphenols (kaemferol, myricetin, gallic acid, protocatechuic acid, quercetin, rutin). Additionally, in-vitro lipid digestibility, lipid oxidation studies microbiological analysis, and sensory studies were conducted to determine the role of Talsas endosperm substitution in coconut snowball. Based on these experiments, it can be concluded that fortification of Coconut Naru with Talsas endosperm significantly enhanced its nutritional profile, antioxidant capacity, sensory characteristics, and shelf life by only up to 75 days.
The “Other” Pro-Israel Lobby: The AFL-CIO and Israel (1952–1960)
Authors: Fromer Yoav 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAs the American Left finds itself increasingly alienated from Israel, this article supplements the rich historical narrative regarding U.S.–Israel relations by highlighting the important—albeit mostly forgotten—contribution of the American Federation of Labor and the Congress of Industrial Organizations (AFL-CIO) to forging the so-called “special relationship” from the onset. This transnational study transcends prevailing focus on Jewish-American and Christian-Zionist lobbying operations by weaving together the history of U.S.–Israel relations with that of organized labor in the United States and demonstrating how they mutually reinforced each other. The article makes a two-part argument: first, that the AFL-CIO's embrace of Israel and Histadrut, Israel's general federation of labor, proved instrumental in establishing American popular support for Israel in the 1950s and cementing it as a leading liberal cause; second, that such support was not merely rooted in Cold War exigencies, but also served domestic purposes by offering American labor officials an inspiring—yet romanticized—model for social democracy onto which they could project their own aspirations and grievances.
Great Power Competition, Clientelism, and De Facto States: Transnistria and Taiwan Compared
Authors: Marandici Ion 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
To what extent can de facto states act autonomously vis-à-vis their patron states and domestic societies? This article draws on theories of clientelism in international relations to develop a novel argument explaining the agency of de facto states. Examining two strategic triangles—Russia–Transnistria–Moldova and US–Taiwan–China—it demonstrates that interrelated domestic factors such as robust political competition, democratic pluralism, reimagined national identities, and big business shape the autonomy of de facto states in Eastern Europe and East Asia. Furthermore, the structured focused comparison of Transnistria and Taiwan indicates that the agency of de facto states declines when rising parent states and dissatisfied patron states challenge the status quo, engaging in great power competition. Their autonomy varies across areas of low and high politics, as patron states prioritize military-security issues and interfere less in the economic and cultural affairs of the de facto states.
Can Small States Reshape Their Regional Identities? Examining Georgia’s Cognitive Dissonance between South Caucasus and Eastern Europe
Authors: Kakachia Kornely , Lebanidze Bidzina 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Georgia represents an interesting case to study the agency of small states in reshaping their regional identity and external environment. Although much of the world has considered Georgia as politically part of the South Caucasus region, the country’s political elites themselves have long attempted to escape the geographic boundaries of the South Caucasus region and relocate their country into Eastern Europe. We argue that Georgian elites were partially successful in their quest for foreign political identity change. Although they did not manage to entirely change the international perception about Georgia’s geographic belonging, the country has politically moved closer to Eastern Europe and is considered to be part of “Associated Trio” together with Ukraine and Moldova—and recently became an EU candidate. From a theoretical perspective, we argue that Georgia’s quest for foreign policy identity recalibration fits the constructivist paradigm of international relations well. It can be argued that Georgia’s political elites were partially driven by ideational factors and were ignorant of the balance of power in their external environment, which cost the country the lost wars and compromised territorial sovereignty.
A proposed framework for data-driven human factors evaluation
Authors: Ormerod Isabelle , Dybvik Henrikke , Fraser Mike , Snider Chris 
Published: May 2024

AbstractHuman-centred approaches within the design cycle are crucial to enhance usability and inclusivity of products. However, the qualitative nature of traditional human factors evaluation can create bottle necks, prompting the need for more data driven methods. A framework for data-driven human factors is presented, looking to integrate mixed-method approaches. Case studies illustrate its usage in real-world scenarios and challenges are summarised, calling for robust data collection methods, balancing of mixed methods, a need for explainable systems, and interdisciplinary expertise.
“Ideas are really…” – supporting collaborative dialogues and community of practice for innovation via CO:RE cards
Authors: Suhaimi Safia Najwa , Walters Andrew , Ward Jo 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe study explores the affordances of CO:RE Cards in prompting collaborative dialogues surrounding R&D and innovation among creative industry practitioners. The use of CO:RE Cards was evaluated in three sessions within a collaborative dialogue environment. It was analysed that they have prompted the building of a collective language and understanding among creative practitioners through collaborative knowledge construction and mutual learning. We discuss the potentially significant role of CO:RE Cards in nurturing a Community of Practice (CoP) for innovation in the creative industries.
Interpretation of sustainability philosophies into product design for awareness, cohesion, and equity
Authors: Acevedo Laura Isabel , Pigosso Daniela C. A. , McAloone Tim C. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThroughout time, the definition of sustainability has been interpreted differently and different philosophies have consequently emerged, each with its own vision of a sustainable society. At the same time, manufacturing firms have focused on environmental improvements, but social aspects have often been neglected. This study identifies 11 philosophies and 51 product design strategies contributing to sustainability awareness, cohesion, and equity, set to ensure social sustainability integration at a manufacturing firm level.
Operationalizing community-based open scientific design research benchmarks: application to model-based architecture design synthesis
Authors: Pinquié Romain , Roucoules Lionel , Yvars Pierre-Alain , Chenouard Raphaël 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe point has repeatedly been made that validation is a crucial success factor in demonstrating the scientific contribution and ensuring the adoption of results. Still, researchers in design science validate their research findings too infrequently. We must all evaluate our claimed contributions on open benchmarks to improve validation quality and foster cumulative research. In this paper, we propose a meta-model to standardise and operationalise the concept of open scientific benchmarks in design science and to guide communities of researchers in the co-development of scientific benchmarks.
Remanufacturing as a circular design strategy in healthcare: integrating socio-technical and environmental-economic assessments
Authors: Andersen Amanda Worsøe , Jørgensen Siri Fritze , Gunn Wendy , Niero Monia 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis paper examines the role of remanufacturing in healthcare as a key circular design strategy, particularly for medical devices, assessing its socio-technical, environmental, and economic dimensions of sustainability. Through a detailed case of ultrasound catheters, it demonstrates how remanufacturing can lead to resource conservation, cost savings, and enhanced product lifecycles in health care without compromising quality and patient safety. The study argues for systemic changes in healthcare practices to fully integrate remanufacturing, underscoring its role beyond a technical solution.
Durability as a techno-socio-economic concept
Authors: Campean Felician , Eckert Claudia 
Published: May 2024

AbstractWhile the “useful life” of products plays an important role in the balance of sustainability and lifecycle assessment, the concept of durability, as the main measure of useful life, is still ill-defined. This paper critically considers the limitations of the current definitions and approaches to durability, by reflecting on the complex interactions of the viewpoints of engineering design teams, users, society and business economics. A new definition is proposed for durability relating to the useful life goals for a product within its techno-socio-economic context.
Assessing the disassembly performance of washing machines through the design for circular disassembly methodology
Authors: Formentini Giovanni , Martiny Thorvald Alrø , Møller Christian , Vernica Teodor , Ramanujan Devarajan 
Published: May 2024

AbstractTo enable the circular economy paradigm, it is important to design easy-to-disassemble products. A new method, known as Design for Circular Disassembly (DfCD), has been proposed to enhance product disassembly performances toward circularity. The method was tested on a small-sized product, showing promising results. However, its applicability to medium-sized products remains unclear. The goal of this article is to assess the effectiveness of DfCD on medium-sized products, particularly washing machines. Results showed DfCD can be extended to medium-sized products, increasing model complexity.
Navigating complexity: visualising sustainable product development knowledge through dynamic heatmaps
Authors: Kremer Gerald , Aboumorra Sarah , Stark Rainer 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe paper presents a novel approach to visualize the impacts of design heuristics in sustainable product development. Focusing on the integration of ecological sustainability, our research introduces a multivariate visual approach, combining Sunburst Charts and Radial Heat Maps. The methodology, based on a description standard for design heuristics, enhances knowledge sharing and provides an intuitive tool for designers. A dynamic three-series radial heatmap facilitates comparisons across different product properties, fostering informed decision-making in product development.
Consumer behaviour in the context of circular economy: a systematic literature review
Authors: Rohsig Lopez Nicole Sofia , Legardeur Jérémy 
Published: May 2024

AbstractCircular business models (CBMs) focus on cycling, extending, intensifying, and/or dematerialising material and energy loops to reduce resource inputs and waste and emission leakage. We aim to explore consumer behaviour in circular economy through a systematic literature review to determine barriers and motivators to implementing CBMs, analysing twenty-eight articles. We identified internal motivations, such as economic and environmental concerns; and external factors facilitating engagement with circularity, such as better awareness, and products with design for circularity.
Design measures to address carbon emissions in products’ lifecycle: an empirical analysis
Authors: Zomer Thayla , de Senzi Zancul Eduardo , Cauchick-Miguel Paulo Augusto , Kohlbeck Eloiza 
Published: May 2024

AbstractCompanies need to implement low-carbon operations, including product-related innovation initiatives. The literature on low-carbon product design has grown, but existing studies are primarily theoretical. This empirical study identifies design measures adopted by companies committed to GHG emission reduction. A qualitative analysis of the climate change reports from a sample of companies reporting to the CDP was conducted. Design measures were identified and classified. The findings shed light on design measures contributing to emission reduction in different product lifecycle phases.
Requirements elicitation in board game design for children with developmental language disorder (DLD)
Authors: Abela Edward , Balzan Emanuel , Farrugia Philip , Stellini Donia , Gatt Daniela 
Published: May 2024

AbstractDevelopmental Language Disorders (DLDs) affects a significant number of children during early childhood. Speech and Language Pathologists (SLPs) are vital in providing the adequate treatment through Speech and Language Therapeutic Toys (SALTTs) including board games, which have substantial benefits for children undergoing therapy. However, designers require support in designing board games which specifically target child therapy. A framework is proposed to assist designers in designing more efficient, inclusive and usable games which in turn are aligned with therapy goals defined by SLPs.
Designing positive emotional experiences of wearable medical technology for type 1 diabetes
Authors: Williams Ryan Charles , Lim Yonghun 
Published: May 2024

AbstractWith the current strain on the healthcare service, wearable technology presents a solution. However, there is a lack of adoption from user groups due to a focus on clinical and financial factors. This study explores the implementation of positive design in medicine, outlining contributing factors to positive emotional experiences. Using a qualitative methodology in the form of semi-structured interviews with users and experts, a construct was defined consisting of five key psychological needs, including control, stimulation, competence, social factors, and purpose & growth.
Play well, print well: using LEGO bricks as an intuitive benchmarking tool for 3D printers
Authors: Air Alan , Wodehouse Andrew 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIn 3D printing, calibration is crucial for accurate prints, particularly those with complex or intricate features. This paper focuses on developing, manufacturing, and testing a benchmarking model to assess the dimensional accuracy of 3D printers. The aim is to evaluate the 3D printed model against a universally recognized real-world equivalent – a LEGO® brick – using its interlock function as a test with an engaging element. An interlock benchmarking framework aids further analysis of the model's performance, and a checklist for the model is provided for additional visual analysis.
Design and evaluation of non-planar material extrusion on a 3-axis printer
Authors: Bengtsson Samuel , Nordin Axel , Tavčar Jože 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe use of material extrusion (MEX) has increased rapidly due to the affordability of 3D printers. This has led to a growing demand for improved print quality, high fidelity, strength, or fast print times. In this study, a non-planar approach for better surface quality is investigated. The hardware of a 3-axis MEX printer was developed together with testing new software for non-planar slicing. The aim was to identify the most influential parameter combinations using design of experiments. A novel method for measuring surface quality was presented together with future research work.
A knowledge-driven, integrated design support tool for additive manufacturing
Authors: Ellsel Claudius , Stark Rainer 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIncreasing adoption of additive manufacturing (AM) makes software support for design for additive manufacturing (DfAM) more relevant. This paper presents a novel, knowledge-driven design support tool for AM that leverages a central knowledge base to provide extensible and powerful DfAM support early in the development process. The approach was implemented using Python for the knowledge base and as a plugin for Siemens NX. It offers automated design checks, optimizations, and further information through an integrated Wiki. Evaluation confirms the feasibility and benefits of the approach.
Investigating designers’ preferred learning media to design for additive manufacturing
Authors: Obi Martins , Pradel Patrick , Sinclair Matt , Bibb Richard , Evans Mark 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIn this exploratory study, designers’ preferred learning media in learning to design for Additive Manufacturing was explored. Furthermore, by deploying an online survey questionnaire, factors such as years of experience, and the categories of products designed were explored to understand how they influence designers’ learning media with a response from 201 respondents. The results show that designers have learned how to design for AM through experimentation and present the first step towards developing an appropriate Design for Additive Manufacturing knowledge dissemination approach.
Stress concentrations and design for additive manufacturing: a design artefact approach to investigation
Authors: Obilanade Didunoluwa , Peckham Owen Rahmat , McClenaghan Adam , Gopsill James , Törlind Peter 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe accelerated rate of product development and design complexities offered by Additive Manufacturing (AM) has allowed for innovation in the space industry. However, the surface roughness of parts poses a challenge, as it impacts performance and is tied to design choices. Design tools for traditional manufacturing methods fall short in AM contexts, prompting the need for alternative design processes. This work proposes an experimental approach to design for AM investigation using design artefacts to explore a process-structure-property-performance relationship.
Providing a knowledge-based design catalog as an approach to support the development of design for additive manufacturing skills
Authors: Tüzün Gregory-Jamie , Roth Daniel , Kreimeyer Matthias 
Published: May 2024

AbstractProficiency in design for additive manufacturing (DfAM) requires training and a lot of trial and error. To support the development of DfAM skills, we redesigned 47 design artifacts from case studies and derived tacit knowledge from successful and unsuccessful redesigns. All knowledge about these artifacts was then collected in a design catalog. In a workshop with a total of 48 graduates and students, 45 participants deemed the design catalog supportive. After evaluating their designs, we concluded that the use of a knowledge-based design catalog can develop and improve individual DfAM skills.
Topology optimisation of multiple robot links considering screw connections
Authors: Wanninger Tobias , Frank Jintin , Zimmermann Markus 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis paper presents a method for the lightweight design of robotic links subject to dynamic loads and requirements on the overall system stiffness. It includes (1) a decomposition scheme to enable separate component optimization and (2) an approach based on topology optimization for optimal load path design of screw connections. The approach reduces computing cost and mass of designs with screw connections.
Additive manufacturing in fluid power with novel application to hydraulic pump design
Authors: Wiberg Anton , Ericson Liselott , Persson Johan A. , Ölvander Johan 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAdditive Manufacturing (AM) enhances component functionality in engineering. This study explores AM benefits for hydraulic pumps, by reviewing literature on fluid power and existing AM successes in pumps, pipes, and manifolds. While hydraulic pump research is scarce, the study redesigns a pump, mirroring successes in other hydraulic areas. Predicted outcomes include a 45-85% pressure drop reduction, 35% weight reduction, and fewer parts compared to traditional pumps, achieved with minor design changes. Larger-scale redesigns promise even greater improvements.
Automatic identification of role-specific information in product development: a critical review on large language models
Authors: Ehring Dominik , Menekse Ismail , Luttmer Janosch , Nagarajah Arun 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIn the era of digitization and the growing flood of information, the automatic, role-specific identification of information is crucial. This research paper aims to investigate whether the adaptation of LLM is suitable for classifying information obtained from standards for corresponding role profiles. This research reveals that with systematic fine-tuning, prediction accuracy can be increased by almost 100%. The validation was carried out using a two-digit number of standards for three predefined roles and demonstrates the significant potential of LM for labelling content with regard to roles.
Surrogate-based design optimization of the binder cover combining performance and production cost
Authors: Eremeev Pavel , Devriendt Hendrik , De Cock Alexander , Naets Frank 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis study integrates surrogate models into combined design optimization of a binder cover, considering production cost and performance constraints. Results reveal that models trained on substantial datasets achieve designs close to the global optimum. Incorporating model variance into constraints prediction in surrogate-based optimization improves robustness and accuracy, especially with noisy functions. This modification enhances the likelihood of obtaining feasible designs, reducing computational demands and showcasing the potential of smaller datasets in predicting local optima.
Towards an automatic contradiction detection in requirements engineering
Authors: Gärtner Alexander Elenga , Göhlich Dietmar 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis paper presents a novel method for automatic contradiction detection in requirements engineering using a hybrid approach combining formal logic with Large Language Models (LLMs), specifically GPT-3. Our three-phase process detects contradictions by identifying conditionals and pseudo-grammatical elements, and employing LLMs for nuanced contradiction detection. Tested extensively, including on a real-world electric bus project, our method achieved 99% accuracy and 60% recall. This approach significantly reduces manual effort, enhances quality, and is scalable for future advancements.
The Karakuri IoT toolkit: a collaborative solution for ideating and prototyping IoT opportunities
Authors: Aranda-Muñoz Álvaro , Yamamoto Yuji , Sandström Kristian 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis paper presents a collaborative solution developed to enable people without prior Internet of Things (IoT) knowledge to ideate, conceptualise, role-play and prototype potential improvements to their work processes and environments. The solution, called the Karakuri IoT toolkit and method, was tested in two workshops with eight production leaders at a Swedish manufacturing company. Outcomes were analysed from the perspectives of materials interaction and instruments of inquiry. Results indicate the solution can help people conceive and prototype improvement ideas at early design stages.