bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preeclampsia: Haemostatic Status and the Short‐Term Effects of Methyldopa and Isradipine Therapy
Authors: Yin Kyi Htay , Koh Stephen C. L. , Malcus Peter , Sven Montan S , Biswas Arjit , Arulkumaran S. , Ratnam Shan S 
Published: May 2010

AbstractObjective: To determine the haemostatic status in preeclampsia and to investigate the effects of short‐term use of anti‐hypertensive drugs, methyldopa and isradipine.Methods: Thirty preeclamptic (PE) women admitted to the hospital for observation and treatment were randomized to receive either methyldopa or isradipine for 2 weeks. Their blood pressure were monitored for 24 h before treatment and again at 7 days and 14 days after treatment using the programmable automated ambulatory blood pressure (ABP) monitoring system. Blood sampling was performed before commencement of anti‐hypertensive treatment, 7 days and 14 days after treatment and the haemostatic parameters studied was compared before treatment with normal pregnancy and the effects of anti‐hypertensive treatment. Nineteen normal pregnant subjects with a total of 30 blood sampling at various gestation and good pregnancy outcome served as controls. The following haemostatic parameters were determined; thrombelastography, fibrinogen, antithrombin III (ATIII), thrombin‐antithrombin (TAT)‐complex, β‐thromboglobulin (β‐TG), plasminogen activators (t‐PA, u‐PA), plasminogen activator inhibitors (PAI‐1.PAI‐2), and plasminogen.Results: Significant lowering of blood pressure was evident at Days 7 and 14 of therapy with either methyldopa or isradipine. Increased mean plasma fibrinogen and decreased ATIII levels were seen in preeclampsia together with decreased u‐PA and t‐PA activity levels in contrast to increased t‐PA antigen and β‐TG. No significant differences were seen for TAT‐complex, PAI‐1, plasminogen and D‐dimer levels although their mean levels were higher than observed in non‐pregnant subjects except for PAI‐2, the level was significantly reduced when compared with normal pregnancy. Two‐way analysis of variance showed no significant alteration on all haemostatic parameters studied in preeclamptic women receiving either methyldopa or isradipine after 7 and 14 days of therapy.Conclusion: Enhance activation of coagulation was observed together with raised fibrinolysis in normal pregnancy and PE. However, in PE a further reduction in ATIII, u‐PA and FAI‐2 with increased fibrinogen and platelet activation could lead to an imbalance in the coagulation/fibrinolysis equilibrium which favours fibrin deposition. All these changes seen in PE including the coagulation kinetics were not altered by the short‐term effects of methyldopa and isradipine even though significantly lowered blood pressure were observed during therapy.
Adenomyosis: Diagnosis by Hysteroscopic Endomyometrial Biopsy, Correlation of Incidence and Severity with Menorrhagia
Authors: Goswami Anu , Khemani Manju , Logani K. B. , Anand Rama 
Published: May 2010

AbstractObjective: To assess the possibility of diagnosing adenomyosis by hysteroscopic endomyometrial biopsy in patients with menorrhagia and to compare the incidence and depth of penetration in patients who did not have menorrhagia.Study Design: The study group included 53 patients who had menorrhagia and the control group included patients who were to have hysterectomy for conditions like prolapse uterus. Hysteroscopic endomyometrial biopsy was done in the menorrhagia group. The incidence and depth of penetration of adenomyosis were compared in both the groups using Kruskal Wallis H test. For correlation of severity of menorrhagia with depth of adenomyosis: Student's i‐test and ANOVA were used.Result: The incidence of adenomyosis was 60% (18 patients) by endomyometrial biopsy in the menorrhagia group as compared to 33.3% in the control group. The mean depth of invasion of myometrium was 4.103 mm in the menorrhagia group and 2.03 mm in the control group.Conclusion: There is a definite correlation between menorrhagia and adenomyosis both in incidence and depth of penetration.
Fetal Vascular Responses to Maternal Glucose Administration in Streptozocin‐Induced Ovine Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Dickinson Jan E. , Meyer Bruce A. , Palmer Sue M. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractObjective:To assess the impact of administration of a glucose load to the pregnant diabetic ewe on fetal biochemistry and umbilical‐placental perfusion.Methods: Six pregnant ewes were rendered glucose intolerant by the administration of streptozocin at 85–90 days gestation. An intravenous glucose load was administered to the 6 diabetic ewes and 4 control animals at 125—130 days gestation. Assessment of the fetal responses to this glucose load was made by cardiovascular monitoring, biochemical evaluation and measurement of fetal blood flows by the radioactive microsphere technique.Results:In the fetus of the diabetic ewe the arterial pH progressively decreased from 7.36±0.04 to 7.10±0.09 (p<0.05) 180 minutes after the maternal glucose load. These fetuses displayed a consistent and significant reduction in arterial oxygen tension compared to controls, with a decrease in pO2 from 14.9± 3.3 mmHg at baseline to 11.3 + 3.7 mmHg after 180 minutes. Umbilical‐placental blood flow did not alter significantly in the fetus of the diabetic ewe following glucose administration, although in the control fetuses there was a significant reduction from baseline after 60 minutes. Blood flow to the fetal brain and kidney were significantly elevated in the fetus of the diabetic ewe compared to control at all times, suggesting a metabolic adaptation to preserve oxygen delivery may be present.Conclusions: Maternal hyperglycemia produces profound metabolic alterations in the ovine fetus which are unaccompanied by significant alterations in umbilical‐placental blood flow. In the chronically hyperglycemic pregnant ewe, a glucose load produces a major disturbance of fetal homeostasis.
Factors Affecting Pregnancy Outcome Resulting from Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART)
Authors: Zhou Canquan , Knight David C. , Tyler John P. P. , Driscoll Geoffrey L. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractObjective:A retrospective, observational study of pregnancy outcome was performed on variables maintained in an ART database to determine factors that might affect miscarriage rate in pregnancies resulting from assisted reproduction technologies (ART).Methods: Previously infertile couples, where conception was achieved after ART, were included. Seven handred and ninety‐four consecutive clinical pregnancies, diagnosed by ultrasound documentation of the gestation sac in the first trimester were divided into 2 groups; ‘miscarriage’ and ‘term birth’. Differences between the groups were analysed using crosstable regression analyses or t‐test in second yearly cohorts.Results:A statistically significant positive relationship was seen between age and spontaneous abortion rate (p = 0.008) with a major increase after the age of 38 years. There was no significant difference in the mean number of oocytes retrieved between groups (p = 0.17). While there was a significant negative correlation between maternal age and the total number of oocytes collected (p < 0.001), there was no statistical difference between those women who miscarried or delivered a live infant. No relationships were found with any other variables analysed.Conclusion:Maternal age is probably the most important factor in pregnancy outcome in ART. This survey could not determine any other variables as being major prognostic determinants for miscarriage once pregnancy was attained.
Fertility Outcome after Reversal of Sterilization
Authors: Yadav Reena , Reddi Rani , Bupathy A. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractObjective:The study was designed to evaluate the fertility outcome in sterilization reversals and a variety of factors that have been suggested to influence the successful outcome of sterilization reversal procedures.Method:It is a retrospective study involving all sterilization reversals performed between January 1991 and December 1995 in our hospital. A total of 58 cases were treated. Tubal anastomosis was performed according to rules of microsurgery. The loupe microsurgical technique with 4 × magnification comprising two main phases, preparation of healthy tubal segments and anastomosis carried out in two layers.Results:It was possible to study subsequent fertility of 50 patients in all, as 8 patients were lost to follow‐up (13.76%). The overall conception rate was 68% (34 cases), out of which intrauterine pregnancy rate was 62% (31 cases), ectopic pregnancy rate was 6% and the abortion rate was 6%. Fifty percent of patients conceived within first 12 months of reversal of sterilization. The isthmic‐isthmic type of anastomosis has maximum incidence of pregnancies (88.88%).Conclusion:Laparoscopic (Falope ring) sterilization should be preferred in women who are willing for interval sterilization and it should be done at isthmic segment of the tube, whereas the Pomeroy's method is to be reserved for occasional postpartum procedure. Reversal of sterilization should be done with strict adherence to principles of microsurgery.
Intrauterine Fetal Death during Pregnancy: Limitations of Fetal Surveillance
Authors: Künzel Wolfgang 
Published: May 2010

AbstractObjective:Perinatal statistics in Germany have shown that fetal death during pregnancy remained unchanged during the past 12 years. The question arises whether the quality of prenatal care can be improved and contributing factors to ante partum mortality (APM) reduced.Methods:The perinatal data base from Hesse was evaluated for 1990–1995. It comprises 347,463 deliveries in a population based survey from the state of Hesse/ Germany. Antepartum death occurred in 1,133 cases (0.33%). Pregnancy care was evaluated in a longitudinal investigation analysed from 1982 to 1995.Results:Fetal surveillance showed during the past years a steady improvement demonstrated by the number antenatal visits of more than 10: it rose from 54 to 75%, by the CTG recordings ante partum: it increased from 55 to 90% and ultrasound examinations more than 5: it rose from 12 to 26%.Despite the increase of ante partum care fetal death during pregnancy remained constant since 1985 at 0.5 to 0.6%.Malformations contribute to APM in 8.3%. In 44.4% various risk factors could be identified, whereas in 47.4% no causes could be shown. Special risk factors are hydramnios, diabetes, placenta praevia, multiple pregnancy, IUGR and others. Fetal death occures preferentially during the last weeks of pregnancy with a maximum at 40 weeks of gestation. Social burden and insufficient prenatal care are contributing factors to APM.Conclusion:APM can still be improved by using simple clinical estimates and by defined application of surveillance tools at present available.
Immunohistochemical and Ultrastructural Study of Langerhans's Cells in Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Cervix
Authors: Abdou Laila A. , El‐Gazayerly Ibrahim M. , El‐Shazley Laila Y. , Zoheir Malak A. , Kholeif Aly E. , El‐Sedfy Amal S. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractObjective: To study Langerhans's cells (LCs) in cervical squamous cell carcinoma.Study design: The study was carried out in the Shatby University Hospital, Alexandria, Egypt. Thirty cases with squamous cell carcinoma, 10 cases with cervical intra‐epithelial neoplasia (CIN) and 10 cases with normal exocervix were recruited. Sections from the exocervix were stained with gold chloride, immunostaining with S‐100 protein antiserum, adenosine triphosphatase ATPase and electron microscopy. Statistical evaluation was done using the t‐test.Results: Gold chloride staining revealed significantly increased number of LCs in all cases of CIN compared to normal controls and with increasing grade of CIN (p < ll 0.001). No relationship between LCs number and the grade of carcinoma. Least branched LCs were predominant in the normal tissue while in neoplasia, these cells were of the most branched type, indicating a hyperactivity. S‐100 protein positive LCs were almost absent in normal controls while their number were almost lower than the corresponding cases of CIN and invasive carcinoma after gold chloride or ATPase stainings. Signs of hyperactivity were evident in LCs of neoplastic cases after electron microscopy.Conclusions: Proliferation and increased number of LCs in CIN is an immune response, while such reaction is suppressed by invasive carcinoma.
The Association between Maternal Smoking and Fetal Hydranencephaly
Authors: To William W. K. , Tang Mary H. Y. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractObjective: To evaluate the relationship between maternal smoking and fetal congenital central nervous system malformations.Methods: Retrospective review of all cases of fetal congenital malformations of the central nervous system (CNS) identified at or shortly after birth over a 10‐year period (1986–1995) in a university teaching obstetric department.Results: The total number of CNS abnormalities identified was 79, constituting 0.13% of all deliveries over the period (n = 59,392) and 4.7% of all congenital malformations (n = 1,678). The incidence of smoking mothers was 1.64% over the study period. Pour babies had hydranencephaly, 3 of these mothers being smoking teenagers. The odds ratio of having a hydranencephalic fetus in smoking mothers compared to non‐smokers was 56 (95% CI 7.41–427) in the group with CNS abnormalities, 136 (95% CI 14.5–1280) in the group including all congenital malformations, and 179 (95% CI 18.6–1719) in the group including all deliveries.Conclusion: Maternal smoking did not appear to increase the incidence of fetal congenital CNS abnormalities overall, but might be associated with particular vascular patterns of damage to the developing brain that could predispose to a hydranencephalic malformation.
Prenatal Diagnosis of Intrapericardial Teratoma: A Case Report
Authors: Fujimori Keiya , Honda Shinya , Akutsu Hidenori , Ariga Hiromichi , Ujiie Niro , Yanagida Kaoru , Sato Akira 
Published: May 2010

AbstractA hydropic fetus that exhibited intrapericardial teratoma with marked pericardial effusion was prenatally diagnosed. Intrauterine pericardiocentesis was performed to diagnose and to treat hydrops. Pericardiocentesis for tamponade secondary to a fetal intrapericardial teratoma might prevent fetal death and premature delivery.
Study on Genital Tract Chlamydia trachomatis and Gonococcal Infection in Han and Minority (Naxi and Dai) Women in China's Two Provinces
Authors: Lin Luo , Shi‐Zhoung Wu , Juesheng Chen , Yeying  , Tianxiu Li , Banzhong Gao , Namu Wang , Guilin Xiong , Mei Huang , Jinzhi Luo 
Published: May 2010

AbstractObjectives: To estimate the prevalence of lower female genital tract chlamydial (GTC) and gonococcal infection in 3 different ethnic groups in China, and to analyze the risk factors influencing these infections.Methods: A cross‐sectional survey + physical and laboratory examinations. 1,800 married women aged 18–35 Han (600, from Dujiangyan city, Sichuan), Naxi (600, from Yanyuan county, Sichuan), and Dai (600, from Jinghong Prefecture, Yunnan) were investigated between March 1996 to March 1997. Information was obtained about their personal history, socioeconomic status, medical history, STDs, sexual history, contraceptive history, results of both examinations. Tabulation, t‐test, Chi‐square test, multiple‐logistic models were used to analyze the data.Results: 3.2% of Han, 12.8% of Naxi and 4.5% of Dai women tested positive for gonococci; and 9.1% of Han, 16.7% of Naxi and 27.5% of Dai women tested positive for GTC infection. The differences of GTC and gonococcal infections between Han and Naxi, and Han and Dai women were significant.Conclusions: STDs are common in China today; both GTC and gonoccocal infections are related to non‐use of condom, having sexual partners other than husband, number of abortions, and low education; and condom has a function in prevention of STDs.
A Case Report: Pregnancy Complicated by Blue Rubber‐Bleb Nevus Syndrome
Authors: Wada Osamu , Unno Nobuya , Matsuoka Ryo , Taketani Yuji 
Published: May 2010

AbstractBlue rubber‐bleb nevus (BRBN) syndrome, first reported in 1958 by Bean, manifests with multiple hemangiomas located in the skin and gastrointestinal tract. Characteristic laboratory data include chronic anemia with iron deficiency and consumption coagulopathy. We describe herein a pregnancy complicated by BRBN syndrome resulting in the delivery of a male infant by cesarean section.
An Analysis of Breastfeeding Patterns and Menses Returning in Chengdu, China
Authors: Cui Nian , Tang Guanghua , Li Minxiang , Xie Li , Yang Xiaofeng 
Published: May 2010

AbstractObjective: To study the relationship between infant feeding practices and the duration of lactational amenorrhea, WHO conducted a multi‐centered prospective study in 7 countries from 1989. This paper reports the preliminary results based on the data collected in Chengdu center in China.Methods: A detailed follow‐up survey was conducted among 541 pairs of mothers and infants from delivery to the returning of menses of mothers at the interval of every 2 weeks.Results: The results showed that the mean number of breastfeeding episodes and mean duration of breastfeeds had little correlation with the time since delivery. Within 6 months since delivery, the percentage of infants' feeds consisting of breastmilk was over 90%, and this percentage dropped to 70% at 1 year's age of infants. The time to the start of regular supplementation was 153 days postpartum. The proportion of women in exclusive breastfeeding at 2 weeks postpartum was 73.4%, and these figures at 3 and 6 months postpartum were about 60% and 40%, respectively. Until 18 months postpartum, nearly 80% mothers were partial breastfeeding their infants. The cumulative probabilities of menses returning were 0.0150, 0.0395, 0.2345 and 0.6820 at 61, 89, 187 and 369 days postpartum respectively. The median duration of lactational amenorrhea was 282 days.Conclusion: These results indicated that the duration of lactational amenorrhea would be prolonged if the time of exclusive/predominant breastfeed was extended and the supplementary food was introduced later. The paper concluded that the first menses returning was the signal for initiating contraceptive methods for women.
Placenta Previa Increta Penetrating the Entire Thickness of the Uterine Myometrium: Ultrasonographic and Magnetic Resonance Imaging Findings
Authors: Ito Takashi , Katagiri Chieko , Ikeno Sinji , Takahashi Hiroyuki , Nagata Naoki , Terakawa Naoki 
Published: May 2010

AbstractThis is the first report of placenta previa increta in which the placenta villi penetrated the entire thickness of the uterine myometrium, but did not invade the pubocervical fascia. Ultrasonographic and magnetic resonance imaging findings are described.
The Use of Rectal Misoprostol as Active Pharmacological Management of the Third Stage of Labor
Authors: Diab Khaled M. , Ramy Ahmed R. , Yehia Mohamed A. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractObjective: To compare the effectiveness of rectal Misoprostolr̀ versus combined intramuscular oxytocin and ergometrine (O‐E) in the management of the third stage of labor.Methods: Low‐risk women in 3rd stage of labor were allocated to receive either rectal Misoprostolr̀ [200 ug (n = 25), 400 ug (n = 45)] or 5‐units oxytocin and 0.2 mg ergometrine intramuscularly (n = 75). Clinical and hematological parameters were compared using t and chi‐square tests.Results: Both groups were well matched and had similar duration of the 3rd‐stage of labor. Misoprostolr̀ users had lower 3rd‐stage estimated blood loss and needed less further ecbolics compared to O‐E group. Postpartum Hb and Hct levels were significantly lower in O‐E group than Misoprostolr̀ group. Postpartum hypertension occurred more in O‐E group. Subjects in Misoprostolr̀ group had more shivering. Subjects receiving 200 ug and 400 ug Misoprostolr̀ had similar outcome variables.Conclusion: Rectal Misoprostol may be used safely in the management of the third stage of labor.
Efficacy of Magnesium Sulphate and Phenytoin in the Management of Eclampsia
Authors: Sawhney H. , Sawhney I. M. S. , Mandal R. , Subramanyam  , Vasishta K. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractFifty pregnant women admitted with diagnosis of eclampsia were randomly allocated to magnesium sulphate (Group A) or phenytoin sodium (Group B) treatment group. Incidence of recurrence of seizures maternal as well as perinatal morbidity and mortality were compared in both the groups. Mean maternal age, parity and gestational age was similar in both the groups. Mean birth weight was significantly lower in Group B compared to Group A. Seizure frequency prior to hospitalization was 5.4 + 4.7 in Group A and 4.8–3.6 in Group B. Mean time interval between occurrence of first seizure and hospitalization was 9.6 + 3.5 hours in Group A and 11.8 + 9.3 hours in Group B, the difference was not statistically significant. Women treated with phenytoin had a higher incidence of recurrent seizures (10/25–40%) than those treated with magnesium sulphate (2/25–8%). Majority of the women treated with phenytoin (6/10–60%) had single convulsion after initiation of anticonvulsant therapy and 1 woman of each group had recurrent convulsions (75). There was no significant difference in perinatal outcome in both the groups. Maternal morbidity was comparable in both the groups and there was no maternal death in either of the groups.
Clinicopathological Study of Recurrent Uterine Cervical Squamous‐Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Shiromizu Kenji , Kasamatsu Takahiro , Honma Tomokazu , Matsumoto Koji , Shirai Takako , Takahashi Michiko 
Published: May 2010

AbstractObjective: To improve prognoses of patients with recurrent uterine cervical squamous‐cell carcinoma.Patients and Methods: We clinicopathologically analyzed 464 patients with uterine cervical squamous‐cell carcinoma (126 positive, 338 negative pelvic lymph‐node metastasis) who were treated at the Saitama Cancer Center from January 1, 1976 to December 31, 1991.Results: The recurrence rates of negative pelvic lymph‐node metastasis patients were 14. 2% (39/274) in pT1b and 32.8% (21/64) in pT2b. But for positive lymph‐node metastasis patients the rates were 39.0% (23/59) in pT1b and 58.2% (39/67) in pT2b. The interval to recurrence was shorter in positve pelvic lymph‐node patients than in negative patients. The 5‐year survival rates after relapse of negative lymph‐node patients with intrapelvic, extrapelvic, and both‐sites recurrence were 53, 12, and 40%, respectively. But among distant recurrent sites, lung metastasis in negative lymph‐node patients and lymphatic tract metastasis brought relatively fair prognoses.Conclusions: Regular long‐term checks are necessary and active retreatments are recommended for patients with local recurrences, lung metastasis, or lymphatic vessel metastatic lesions.
B‐Cell‐Type Malignant Lymphoma with Placental Involvement
Authors: Nishi Yayoi , Suzuki Shunji , Otsubo Yasuo , Ishikawa Gen , Ichikawa Masao , Takei Rintaro , Sawa Rintaro , Yoneyama Koichi , Yoneyama Yoshio , Araki Tsutomu 
Published: May 2010

AbstractWe present here a case of B‐cell‐type mediastinal malignant lymphoma during pregnancy complicated by placental involvement. In this case, some nodular high‐echo patterns were recognized in the placenta by ultrasonography. A cesarean section and resection of the mediastinal tumor were performed at 33 weeks and 6 days of gestation due to the deterioration of the dyspnea. A female infant weighing 1,868 g was delivered and she is now a healthy 2‐year‐old. The mother, however, died of the disease 1 month after surgery, due to progression of the tumor. The placenta showed numerous white firm nodules varying from 3 mm to 3 cm in diameter. The pathologic findings of both the mediastinal tumor and the placenta indicated primary mediastinal (thymic) B‐cell lymphoma.