bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of a multifaceted intervention to limit excessive antipsychotic co‐prescribing in schizophrenia out‐patients
Authors: Baandrup L. , Allerup P. , Lublin H. , Nordentoft M. , Peacock L. , Glenthoj B. 
Published: April 2010

Baandrup L, Allerup P, Lublin H, Nordentoft M, Peacock L, Glenthoj B. Evaluation of a multifaceted intervention to limit excessive antipsychotic co‐prescribing in schizophrenia out‐patients.Objective: To evaluate the effect of a multifaceted educational intervention on the frequency of antipsychotic co‐prescribing in adult schizophrenia out‐patients.Method: Controlled quasi‐experimental study performed in two Danish municipalities matched for baseline prevalence of antipsychotic polypharmacy, socioeconomic status and functional level of patients. The intervention was aimed at psychiatric healthcare providers and consisted of 1 day of didactic lectures, six 3‐h educational outreach visits and an electronic reminder during drug prescribing.Results: Between‐group use of antipsychotic polypharmacy was compared at baseline (intervention group,N = 232/control group,N = 351) and after 1 year of intervention (intervention group,N = 216/control group,N = 386). The prevalence of antipsychotic polypharmacy at follow‐up was not significantly different between treatment settings when adjusting for differences in case‐mix (P = 0.07).Conclusion: This multifaceted educational intervention failed to reduce the frequency of antipsychotic co‐prescribing, but it suggested that future efforts to improve prescribing practice should address organizational barriers to implementation.
Parameters for Successful Implant Integration Revisited Part II: Algorithm for Immediate Loading Diagnostic Factors
Authors: Bahat Oded , Sullivan Richard M. 
Published: April 2010

ABSTRACTImmediate loading of dental implants has become a widely reported practice with success rates ranging from 70.8% to 100%. Although most studies have considered implant survival to be the only measure of success, a better definition includes the long‐term stability of the hard and soft tissues around the implant(s) and other adjacent structures, as well as the long‐term stability of all the restorative components. The parameters identified in 1981 by Albrektsson and colleagues as influencing the establishment and maintenance of osseointegration have been reconsidered in relation to immediate loading to improve the chances of achieving such success. Two of the six parameters (status of the bone/implant site and implant loading conditions) have preoperative diagnostic implications, whereas three (implant design, surgical technique, and implant finish) may compensate for less‐than‐ideal site and loading conditions. Factors affecting the outcome of immediate loading are reviewed to assist clinicians attempting to assess its risks and benefits.
Selection of full‐length IgGs by tandem display on filamentous phage particles and Escherichia coli fluorescence‐activated cell sorting screening
Authors: Mazor Yariv , Van Blarcom Thomas , Carroll Sean , Georgiou George 
Published: April 2010

Phage display of antibody libraries is a powerful tool for antibody discovery and evolution. Recombinant antibodies have been displayed on phage particles as scFvs or Fabs, and more recently as bivalent F(ab′)2. We recently developed a technology (E‐clonal) for screening of combinatorial IgG libraries using bacterial periplasmic display and selection by fluorescence‐activated cell sorting (FACS) [Mazor Y et al. (2007) Nat Biotechnol25, 563–565]. Although, as a single‐cell analysis technique, FACS is very powerful, especially for the isolation of high‐affinity binders, even with state of the art instrumentation the screening of libraries with diversity > 108 is technically challenging. We report here a system that takes advantage of display of full‐length IgGs on filamentous phage particles as a prescreening step to reduce library size and enable subsequent rounds of FACS screening in Escherichia coli. For the establishment of an IgG phage display system, we utilized phagemid‐encoded IgG with the fUSE5–ZZ phage as a helper phage. These phage particles display the Fc‐binding ZZ protein on all copies of the phage p3 coat protein, and are exploited as both helper phages and anchoring surfaces for the soluble IgG. We demonstrate that tandem phage selection followed by FACS allows the selection of a highly diversified profile of binders from antibody libraries without undersampling, and at the same time capitalizes on the advantages of FACS for real‐time monitoring and optimization of the screening process.
Effect of Mucuna pruriens (Linn.) on Sexual Behavior and Sperm Parameters in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Male Rat
Authors: Suresh Sekar , Prakash Seppan 
Published: April 2010

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Sexual dysfunction is one of the major secondary complications in the diabetic. Mucuna pruriens, a leguminous plant identified for its antidiabetic, aphrodisiac, and improving fertility properties, has been the choice of Indian traditional medicine.

Aim
Objective of the present study was to analyze the efficacy of M. pruriens on male sexual behavior and sperm parameters in long-term hyperglycemic male rats.

Methods
Male albino rats were divided as group I control, group II diabetes induced (streptozotocin [STZ] 60 mg/kg of body weight (b.w.) in 0.1 M citrate buffer), group III diabetic rats administered with 200 mg/kg b.w. of ethanolic extract of M. pruriens seed, group IV diabetic rats administered with 5 mg/kg b.w. of sildenafil citrate (SC), group V administered with 200 mg/kg b.w. of extract, and group VI administered with 5 mg/kg b.w. of SC. M. pruriens and SC were administered in single oral dosage per day for a period of 60 days. The animals were subjected to mating behavior analyses, libido, test of potency, and epididymal sperms were analyzed.

Main Outcome Measure
The mating behavior, libido, test of potency, along with epididymal sperms were studied.

Results
The study showed significant reduction in sexual behavior and sperm parameters in group II. Daily sperm production (DSP) and levels of follicular stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, and testosterone were significantly reduced in group II, whereas the animals with diabetes administered with seed extract of M. pruriens (group III) showed significant improvement in sexual behavior, libido and potency, sperm parameters, DSP, and hormonal levels when compared to group II.

Conclusion
The present work reveals the potential efficacy of ethanolic seed extract of M. pruriens to improve male sexual behavior with androgenic and antidiabetic effects in the STZ-induced diabetic male rats. This study supports the usage of M. pruriens in the Indian system of medicine as sexual invigorator in diabetic condition and encourages performing similar study in men.
A Comparative Study of the Sexual Function of Institutionalized Patients with Schizophrenia
Authors: Acuña María José , Martín Joaquín Carlos , Graciani Miguel , Cruces Agustina , Gotor Francisco 
Published: April 2010

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Sexual dysfunction occurs frequently in patients with schizophrenia.

Aim
To assess the sexual function of institutionalized patients with schizophrenia and compare it to both that of noninstitutionalized schizophrenic patients as well as patients without any mental illness.

Methods
A cross-sectional comparative analysis between three groups: Group A: 75 patients with schizophrenia and/or schizoaffective disorder according to the International Classification of Diseases, 10th Edition (ICD-10) criteria, admitted into public psychiatric residential facilities; Group B: 41 patients with the same diagnosis who live in the community; Group C: 152 patients with no mental illness attended to by a Primary Care Medical Center.

Main Outcome Measures
The Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview, Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale for Schizophrenia and Changes in Sexual Function Questionnaire were used to complete the study.

Results
When institutionalized patients were compared to the control group, the impairment of sexual function was identified in all areas except Arousal in women and the percentage of dysfunction in Desire-Interest for both sexes. The results for noninstitutionalized schizophrenic males indicated a deficit in Pleasure and Orgasm and in Pleasure and Desire-Frequency for females, when compared with the control group. The overall subscale indicated that 71.2% of males and 57.1% of females in the institutionalized group experienced sexual dysfunction compared with 10% of males and 50% of females in the noninstitutionalized group, and only 12.7% of women in the control group.

Conclusions
Most areas of sexual function are impaired among patients with schizophrenia, especially among institutionalized patients. However, their percentage of sexual dysfunction associated with sexual thoughts or fantasies was similar to that of patients without mental illness.
Female Sexual Well-Being ScaleTM: Responsiveness to Interventional Product Use by Sexually Functional Women
Authors: Rosen Raymond C. , Althof Stanley E. , Barbach Lonnie G. , Dietrich Jennifer , Wanser Rita , Zhang Paul 
Published: April 2010

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Initial psychometric evaluation of the Female Sexual Well-Being ScaleTM (FSWB ScaleTM) demonstrated its validity for assessing sexual well-being in sexually functional US women.

Aim
To evaluate the responsiveness of the FSWB Scale to interventional products in sexually functional women and to confirm its psychometric validity.

Methods
In a 5-week, randomized, multicenter study, the responsiveness of FSWB Scale scores to interventional products was evaluated in 326 sexually functional, heterosexual women randomized to: (i) no intervention; (ii) couple lubricants (1 lubricant for female and second lubricant for male partner); (iii) female arousal gel; or (iv) female lubricant. At baseline, participants were instructed to have ≥3 occurrences of vaginal intercourse over the next 4 weeks. Participants assigned to an intervention were instructed to use the product immediately before intercourse. Women completed the self-administered FSWB Scale at week 1 (screening), week 2 (baseline), and week 5 (study end).

Main Outcome Measures
Changes from baseline in the FSWB Scale overall score and four domain scores were analyzed using analysis of covariance. Additional analyses were conducted to confirm psychometric validity.

Results
The mean change from baseline in the FSWB Scale overall score improved significantly among the four arms (treatment-effect P = 0.03). The within-treatment mean increase from baseline in the overall score was significant for each product arm (all P ≤ 0.002), whereas no significant change was observed for the no intervention arm (P = 0.13). Changes from baseline in the four domain scores improved differentially according to the expected effects of each product. Factor structure, reliability, and construct validity results confirmed those reported previously.

Conclusions
The FSWB Scale demonstrated excellent responsiveness to interventional products, with scores remaining relatively stable with no intervention and changing differentially and by domain with different product types. The results strongly support the usefulness of the FSWB Scale for assessing sexual well-being in future studies. Rosen RC, Althof SE, Barbach LG, Dietrich J, Wanser R, and Zhang P. Female Sexual Well-Being ScaleTM: Responsiveness to interventional product use by sexually functional women.
Differentiating Components of Sexual Well-Being in Women: Are Sexual Satisfaction and Sexual Distress Independent Constructs?
Authors: Stephenson Kyle R. , Meston Cindy M. 
Published: April 2010

ABSTRACTIntroductionSexual satisfaction and sexual distress are common outcome measures in studies of sexual health and well-being. However, confusion remains as to if and how the two constructs are related. While many researchers have conceptualized satisfaction and distress as polar opposites, with a lack of satisfaction indicating high distress and vice versa, there is a growing movement to view satisfaction and distress as relatively independent factors and measure them accordingly.AimThe study aimed to assess the level of independence between sexual satisfaction and distress in female clinical and nonclinical samples.MethodsNinety-nine women (mean age=25.3) undergoing treatment (traditional sex therapy and/or gingko biloba) for sexual arousal disorder with or without coexistent hypoactive sexual desire disorder and/or orgasmic disorder completed surveys assessing sexual satisfaction, sexual distress, sexual functioning, and relational functioning at pretreatment, mid-treatment, posttreatment, and follow-up. Two hundred twenty sexually healthy women (mean age=20.25) completed similar surveys at 1-month intervals.Main Outcome MeasuresSexually dysfunctional women completed the Sexual Satisfaction Scale for Women (SSS-W), the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI), and the Dyadic Adjustment Scale. Sexually healthy women completed the SSS-W, the FSFI, the Relationship Assessment Scale, and the Dimensions of Relationship Quality Scale.ResultsSexual satisfaction and distress were generally closely and inversely related; however, distress was more closely related to sexual functioning variables than was satisfaction in the clinical sample, and satisfaction was more closely related to relational variables than was distress in the nonclinical sample. Additionally, satisfaction and distress showed partially independent patterns of change over time, and scales of distress showed a larger change in response to treatment than did scales of satisfaction.ConclusionAlthough sexual satisfaction and distress may be closely related, these findings suggest that they are, at least, partially independent constructs. Implications for research on sexual well-being and treatment outcome studies are discussed.
Androgen Blockade for the Treatment of High-Flow Priapism
Authors: Mwamukonda Kuwong B. , Chi Thomas , Shindel Alan W. , Lue Tom F. 
Published: April 2010

ABSTRACT

Introduction
High-flow priapism (HFP) may occur secondary to perineal trauma, congenital arterial malformations, and iatrogenic insults. In cases that do not resolve spontaneously, standard management is by selective embolization, resulting in resolution rates as high as 78%; however, erectile dysfunction (ED) is a frequent complication, occurring in up to 39% of cases.

Aim
We report our use of androgen blockade (AB) to suppress nocturnal erections as an alternative treatment for HFP.

Methods
A retrospective review of all patients treated at our institution for HFP was undertaken. Included in this study were any patients treated with single- or combination-agent AB for HFP. Operative reports and medical records were examined to determine patient characteristics and outcomes. Treatment efficacy, side effects, and residual ED were assessed using a questionnaire.

Main Outcome Measures
The primary clinical outcomes assessed were resolution of HFP, tolerability, and side effects of treatment.

Results
Seven patients with HFP were treated with AB. Priapism was a result of trauma in three patients and a persistent high-flow state after shunt procedures in four. Mean follow-up was 2 years (range 4 to 64 months). Therapy consisted primarily of 7.5 mg intramuscular monthly leuprolide injections, although bicalutamide and ketoconazole were also utilized as adjunct treatments. Therapy duration ranged from 2 months to 6 months and was discontinued after symptom resolution. One patient discontinued daily ketoconazole after 1 week because of severe hot flashes. The remaining six patients reported complete resolution of HFP. The primary complaints during therapy were decreased libido and fatigue. All patients reported some degree of ED during therapy. There was no reported residual ED or other hypogonadal symptoms on withdrawal of therapy.

Conclusion
AB is a successful option for treating HFP with acceptable side effects and return to baseline potency on treatment withdrawal.
Correlating Fermi gamma-ray sources with ultra-high-energy cosmic rays
Authors: Mirabal N. , Oya I. 
Published: April 2010

Abstract
The origin of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays (UHECRs) is one of the enduring mysteries of high-energy astrophysics. To investigate this, we cross-correlate the recently released Fermi Large Area Telescope First Source Catalog (1FGL) with the public sample of UHECRs made available by the Pierre Auger collaboration. Of the 27 UHECRs in the sample, we find 12 events that arrived within of Fermi sources. However, we find similar or larger number of matches in 63 out of 100 artificial UHECR samples constructed using positions randomly drawn from the BATSE 4B catalogue of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) collected from 1991 until 1996. Based on our analysis, we find no evidence that UHECRs are associated with Fermi sources. We conclude with some remarks about the astrophysical origin of cosmic rays.
DETOXIFICATION OF DEOXYNIVALENOL BY BACILLUS STRAINS
Authors: CHENG BOCAI , WAN CUIXIANG , YANG SHILIANG , XU HENGYI , WEI HUA , LIU JIANSHE , TIAN WANHONG , ZENG MING 
Published: April 2010

ABSTRACT Deoxynivalenol (DON) poses a health risk to animals and humans consuming contaminated food and feed. Currently, no effective method had been established to detoxify DON. Obtaining strains for the detoxification of DON from probiotic strains and ascertaining the mechanisms of detoxification will be helpful for assuring food safety in food processing. In this research, two Bacillus strains possessing the capability of detoxifying DON were picked out from 59 probiotics by using a two‐run screening. The strategy of adjusting pH and eightfold dilution was successfully applied to eliminate the interferences caused by MRS and nutrition broth in DON determination in competitive indirect enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The capability of detoxification reached a high level when the spent culture supernatant of these two Bacillus were incubated at 37C, 180 rpm for 12 h, the detoxification rate were >98% and 71.4%, respectively. The rate presented a sharp decrease when the heating temperature changed from 65–75C. The detoxification potential was completely lost, when the heating temperature was 100C, whereas the viable cells were demonstrated as having no detoxification potential. The mechanism for detoxification of DON is related to some thermosensitive substances in the SCS of these two Bacillus.PRACTICAL APPLICATIONSTwenty‐five percent of the global grains were contaminated by mycotoxins, resulting in the problem of quality and safety in food and feeds and also great economic loss. As one of the most popular mycotoxins in maize and wheat, deoxynivalenol attracted few many detoxification approaches. In our study, we have found that two probiotic strains of Bacillus presented stronger detoxification ability of deoxynivalenol, therefore they could be applied in the fermentation process of feedstuffs and fermented food. Furthermore, our research provided a protocol for searching the potential bacteria, which could be used for the detoxification of other mytoxins, e.g., aflatoxin B1, ochratoxin A, zearalenone, etc.
ASSESSMENT OF ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITIES OF PEDIOCIN PRODUCED BY PEDIOCOCCUS ACIDILACTICI LAB 5
Authors: MANDAL VIVEKANANDA , SEN SUKANTA K. , MANDAL NARAYAN C. 
Published: April 2010

ABSTRACT Pediocin NV 5, produced by Pediococcus acidilactici LAB 5, was found to be active against a number of food spoilage and food‐related health hazards associated gram‐positive bacteria. The partially purified bacteriocin was tested for its mode of action against two sensitive strains – Enterococcus faecalis MB1 and Leuconostoc mesenteroides Ly and was found to be bactericidal at a concentration of 800 AU/mL. Atomic absorption spectroscopy for K+ ions showed that pediocin NV 5 caused pore formation which was comparable to valinomycin on human pathogenic Listeria monocytogenes Microbial Type Culture Collection (MTCC) 657. The scanning electron micrographs showed a great variation in cell morphology like elevated protrusion and barrel shape formation from cocci in treated cells. Pediocin NV 5 treatment (800 AU/mL) did not cause any loss of cellular proteins and DNA from treated cells but treatment at higher activity units (20,000 AU/mL) caused lysis in Listeria monocytogenes MTCC 657 proving its lytic mode of action.PRACTICAL APPLICATIONSPostpackage food spoilage of fermented food products of fish, meat, vegetables and dairy products causes a major problem in food preservation. The most predominating spoilage bacteria in both fresh and processed fish, meat, vegetables and dairy products are the species of Bacillus, Campylobacter, Clostridium, Enterobacter, Listeria, Pseudomonas, Salmonella, Serratia, Staphylococcus, Yersinia, etc.; some of them are also reported to have pathogenicity in humans. Among them, Listeria monocytogenes is responsible for listeriosis, a disease with high mortality rate in humans. The use of bacteriocin as food biopreservative is an alternative method for food preservation and a good substitute for the conventionally used chemical preservatives. Results of this study show that high thermotolerant bacteriocins like pediocin NV 5, produced by Pediococcus acidilactici LAB 5, which has bactericidal activity at very low concentration against these organisms, can effectively be considered as a good candidate for food preservation.
QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE BACILLUS CEREUS EMETIC TOXIN, CEREULIDE, USING MICELLAR ELECTROKINETIC CHROMATOGRAPHY‐CAPILLARY ELECTROPHORESIS
Authors: OH MI‐HWA , COX JULIAN M. 
Published: April 2010

ABSTRACT A micellar electrokinetic chromatography capillary electrophoresis (MEKC‐CE) method was developed for quantitative analysis of cereulide, the emetic toxin produced by Bacillus cereus. Valinomycin, a highly hydrophobic cyclic dodecadepsipeptide with a chemical structure similar to that of cereulide, was used as a surrogate for method development. A series of buffer systems and electrophoretic conditions were investigated and optimized. The final method, yielding good peak resolution and reproducibility of analysis, utilized 20 mM borate buffer, pH 8.5, containing 75 mM SDS. The capillary had a 50 µm internal diameter and 36.4 cm effective length, and was maintained at 25C throughout column preparation and analysis. The sample compartment was maintained at 22C. A constant voltage of 15 kV was applied, after hydrodynamic injection of the sample at 34.5 KPa for 2 s. Detection used ultraviolet light, at 195 nm. A calibration curve, using peak area rather than peak height, was obtained with purified cereulide, with linearity between 2 and 30 ng/µL.PRACTICAL APPLICATIONSDetection of the emetic toxin cereulide, as well as enumeration of B. cereus, is important for determining the risk of emetic food poisoning. The novel capillary electrophoresis method developed in this study, employing the principles of MEKC‐CE, can be used for the quantitative analysis of cereulide. MEKC‐CE gives results quickly and simply, and offers advantages over reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP‐HPLC), through simple sample handling and preparation, less sample required and lower cost of operation. After calibration with purified cereulide was obtained, the applicability of the method to model and real food samples was evaluated with rice samples inoculated with an emetic B. cereus strain and samples from an outbreak of emetic food poisoning. The results showed that the method can be successfully applied to both semi‐purified toxin extracts of cultures and food samples.