bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A linkage group on pig chromosome 4 comprising the loci for blood group L, GBA, ATP1B1 and three microsatellites
Authors: Marklund L. , Johansson M. , Gustafsson U. , Andersson L. , Winterö A. K. , Fredholm M. , Thomsen P. D. 
Published: July 2010

SummaryRestriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs) were described for the porcine loci for β‐glucosidase (GBA) and the β‐polypeptide 1 of the Na+, K+‐transporting ATPase (ATP1B1). Linkage analyses using a three‐generation pedigree provided evidence for the assignment of ATP1B1, GBA and two microsatellite loci (S0001 and S0067) to a previously described linkage group comprising the loci for blood group L (EAL) and an anonymous microsatellite (S0097). The linear order of the six markers was determined with confidence by multipoint analyses and the length of the linkage group was estimated at 88 CM. This linkage group was assigned to pig chromosome 4 on the basis of a previous physical localization of the ATP1B1 gene. In situ hybridization data for S0001 presented in this study were consistent with a localization on chromosome 4 and suggested a regional localization to 4pl2‐pl3. The present study reveals conflicting data concerning the genetic localization of the K88 loci controlling the expression of the receptors for the E. coli pilus antigens. One group has reported data suggesting a loose linkage between K88 and EAL, now mapped to chromosome 4, whereas two other groups have found linkage between K88 and the transferrin locus (TF), mapped to chromosome 13 by in situ hybridization.
Two polymorphic microsatellites in a coding segment of the canine androgen receptor gene
Authors: Shibuya H. , Nonneman D. J. , Ganjam V. K. , Mann F. A. , Johnson G. S. , Huang T H‐M 
Published: July 2010

SummaryA 0.6‐kb segment of exon 1 of the canine androgen receptor gene contains two polymorphic CAG tandem repeats which encode strings of glutamine homopolymers. The number of CAGs in each tandem repeat was determined by (1) polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of a gene segment containing both repeats, (2) cleavage between repeats with restriction enzyme EcoO109I and (3) fractionation of the restriction fragments containing individual CAG repeats by denaturing polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE). Individual genomic DNA samples from 80 unrelated dogs (53 males plus 27 females for a total of 107 X chromosomes) contained 10–12 CAGs in the 5′ repeats and 10–13 CAGs in the 3′ repeats. Thirteen distinct androgen receptor genotypes were identified. Eleven (or 41%) of the 27 unrelated females were heterozygous in one or both repeat regions, whereas all male samples produced single bands as expected for X chromosome markers. A total of seven distinct haplotypes contributed to the 13 genotypes. The ‘polymorphism information content’ or PIC for this seven‐allele X chromosome marker was 0.67.
Sequence‐tagged microsatellite sites as markers in chicken reference and resource populations
Authors: Khatib H. , Genislav E. , Soller M. , Crittenden L. B. , Bumstead N. 
Published: July 2010

SummaryTwo chicken genomic libraries were screened for the presence of poly(TG/AC) microsatellite tracts. The number of positive clones was low, confirming the low frequency of such micro‐satellites in the chicken genome relative to mammalian genomes. Polymorphism of 29 microsatellite tracts, comprising 11 from the library screening and 18 obtained from GenBank, was examined in the East Lansing and Compton reference families, in a resource population formed by a cross between a single White Rock broiler and inbred Leghorn females, and in a panel of birds from five layer stocks. Twenty microsatellites, primarily of the poly(TG/AC) type, were polymorphic in at least one of the populations. Thirteen of the microsatellites were polymorphic in the East Lansing reference family and 13 were also polymorphic in the resource population, confirming that the genetic distance between White Rock and White Leghorn is about as great as between Jungle fowl and White Leghorn. Only six microsatellites were polymorphic in the Compton reference family, formed by a cross between two White Leghorn strains. Twelve of the microsatellites were mapped in the East Lansing and/or Compton reference families. These were well dispersed among the various linkage groups and did not show any indications of terminal clustering.
A panel of bovine, ovine and caprine polymorphic microsatellites
Authors: Kemp S. J. , Brezinsky L. , Teale A. J. 
Published: July 2010

SummaryWe report a set of six new bovine microsatellite polymorphisms based on (CA)n repeats. They are highly polymorphic and thus represent valuable markers for genome mapping. Four of the six are polymorphic in sheep and two are polymorphic in goats. One, which is polymorphic in cattle and sheep and apparently monomorphic in goats, is X‐chromosome specific and has potential value in, for example, sex determination and detection of chimaerism.
High lysozyme activity in a Norwegian bovine family co‐segregates with a restriction fragment length polymorphism
Authors: Olsaker I. , Mejdell C. M. , Sarensen A. , Lie Ø 
Published: July 2010

SummaryAnalysis of restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) of the lysozyme gene cluster was performed in a Norwegian bovine family segregating a single dominant Mendelian factor for high lysozyme activity in serum. An RFLP site with allelic bands of 16kb and 5–9 kb turned out to be linked to the locus for the high lysozyme activity factor with a lod score of 6–8 at a recombination fraction of 3.4%. This implies that we have revealed a genetic marker for the high lysozyme activity trait.
Assignment of five polymorphic ovine microsatellites to bovine syntenic groups
Authors: Dietz A. B. , Womack J. E. , Swarbrick P. A. , Crawford A. M. 
Published: July 2010

SummaryA panel of bovine somatic cell hybrids was used to map ovine microsatellites. Five of seven microsatellites were assigned to five bovine syntenic groups. These microsatellites were designated D5S10 (MAF23), D1S4 (MAF46), D13S1 (MAF18), D4S3 (MAF50), and DXS2 (MAF45), mapped to syntenic groups U3 (chromosome 5), U10 (chromosome 1), U11, U13, and the X chromosome, respectively. Two remaining sheep microsatellites amplified rodent DNA in the hybrid somatic cell panel, and were not assigned to bovine syntenic groups. Assignment of ovine‐derived microsatellites to bovine syntenic groups provides additional evidence of the usefulness of microsatellites for mapping closely related species. The use of ovine and bovine microsatellites will aid in development of comparative genomic maps for these two species.
A new lipoprotein allotype Lprs and allele Lpr1,3 in the pig
Authors: Hojný J. , Janik A. , Jr J Schröffel 
Published: July 2010

SummarySpecific alloprecipitins were found in blood plasma of pigs, immunized by sera of Lpr1 positive donors. These precipitins detected a new allotype of the lipoprotein Lpr system which was designated Lpr3. Genetic studies confirmed its codominant inheritance and subgroup character. This linear subgroup of allotype Lprl is controlled by the allele Lpr1,3. Investigations in populations of 14 pig breeds showed significant interbreed differences in the frequencies of alleles Lpr1, Lpr2 and Lpr1,3.
Type I interferon genes in cattle: restriction fragment length polymorphisms, gene numbers and physical organization on bovine chromosome 8
Authors: Ryan A M , Womack J E 
Published: July 2010

SummaryMultiple, superimposed Type I interferon (IFN) restriction fragments were resolved following 72–92 h of horizontal electrophoresis. Restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs) for α IFN (IFNA), β IFN (IFNB), ωIFN (IFNW) and trophoblast IFN (IFNT) genes were identified in Hin dill, Eco RI and Taql digestions from 313 cattle. RFLPs with codominant segregation in cattle pedigrees were considered alleles, and 19 distinct polymorphic Type I IFN loci (5 IFNA, 4 IFNB, 8 IFNW and 2 IFNT) were identified. Allele frequencies and observed heterozygosity values were calculated for each locus and several loci were considered highly informative for linkage analysis. Bovine IFN gene numbers (10 IFNA, 6 IFNB, 20 IFNW and 6 IFNT) were estimated from the number of polymorphic loci plus additional monomorphic hybridizing bands present in Eco RI and Hindlll digestions. Physical linkage of the Type I IFN gene families on bovine chromosome 8 was demonstrated by pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). Hybridization of two or more IFN probes to similarly sized PFGE fragments suggested the tentative gene family order: IFNA/IFNW‐IFNT‐IFNB. These studies provide a basis for the development of more detailed genetic and physical maps of the bovine Type I IFNs.
BoLA‐DIB: species distribution, linkage with DOB, and Northern analysis
Authors: Stone R T , Muggli‐Cockett N E 
Published: July 2010

SummaryThe bovine major histocompatibility complex differs from that of other species in that it has a second group of class II genes that are separated from the classical class I/class II complex by 15 to 20 centimorgans. Two class II bovine genes, BoLA‐DYA and BoLA‐DIB, seem to be unique based on sequence analysis. To investigate the occurrence of one of these genes, BoLA‐DIB, in other species, a DIB 2nd domain exon probe was hybridized to Southern genomic blots containing DNA from representatives from a variety of mammalian families. The probe hybridized only with DNA from representatives of the Cervidae, Giraffidae and Bovidae families, indicating that significant sequence similarity to DIB may be confined to these families. Analysis of the linkage relationship between DIB and DOB in cattle half‐sib families did not yield any recombinants among 39 informative offspring, indicating that DIB maps within the second group of class II bovine genes; DOB has previously been mapped to the second group of class II genes. A 1st domain exon probe from BoLA‐DQB hybridized to RNA from either stimulated or unstimulated peripheral bovine lymphocytes, while 1st domain exon probes from BoLA‐DIB and HLA‐DOB gave no hybridization signals, indicating that transcription in peripheral lymphocytes of these genes is at least very minor compared to BoLA‐DQB.
Use of isoelectric focusing to define major histocompatibility complex class I polymorphism in goats
Authors: Joosten I , Sanders M F , Hensen E J , Ruff G 
Published: July 2010

SummaryWe have used biochemical methods to extend and improve serological class I typing using a panel of 77 Swiss goats of the Saanen breed, comprising dam‐offspring combinations from six half‐sib sire families and several unrelated animals. Of these animals class I molecules were precipitated from cell lysates with the mAb B1.1G6 and HC10. Immunoprecipitates were analysed by SDS‐PAGE and 1D‐IEF. There was a good agreement between class I serological types and IEF banding patterns. We have identified three new class I specificities and subdivided the Bel 7 specificity. IEF has enabled us to make planned immunizations to produce antisera to the new specificities. New evidence for the expression of a second class I locus product in the Be7 haplotype has been found.
Association between the bovine major histocompatibility complex and chronic posterior spinal paresis – a form of ankylosing spondylitis – in Holstein bulls
Authors: Park C A , Hines H C , Monke D R , Threlfall W L 
Published: July 2010

SummaryA highly significant association was found between the bovine MHC class I antigen BoLA‐A8 and a form of vertebral osteophytosis/ankylosing spondylitis known as chronic posterior spinal paresis (PSP) in Holstein bulls (P< 0.001). In a population study, restricted to unrelated bulls, BOLA‐A8 was significantly associated with PSP (P= 0.0015) with a relative risk of 34.6. In a family study, one PSP bull, BoLA A8/A20, sired 13 offspring. BOLA‐A8 was significantly associated with PSP (P= 0–0008). All five PSP sons inherited the A8 allele and the eight healthy sons each inherited the A20 allele. In three other families a complete association of BOLA‐A8 and PSP was observed. Lod score analysis, using all available families, indicated a significant linkage between BoLA and PSP (lod score = 6–9). Based on clinical observation, pathology, age/sex predilection, and a strong association with a class I MHC molecule, this inflammatory disease appears analogous to the human condition known as ankylosing spondylitis.
Zebu‐taurine variation in Y chromosomal DNA: a sensitive assay for genetic introgression in West African trypanotolerant cattle populations
Authors: Bradley D G , MacHugh D E , Loftus R T , Sow R S , Hoste C H , Cunningham E P 
Published: July 2010

SummaryOwing to increasing scientific and agricultural interest in the disease‐resistant (trypanotolerant), indigenous cattle breeds of West and Central Africa, there is a need for a rational genetically based description of populations in the region. The greatest threat to the invaluable genetic resource represented by these animals is that of extensive genetic introgression of distantly related zebu cattle from northern populations which do not share their inherited tolerances. Southern blotting with a chromosome Y‐specific probe, btDYZ‐1 (locus DYZ1) is shown to be a sensitive assay to detect such introgression. Evidence of historical crossbreeding is reported in two important N'Dama populations previously classed as purely taurine.
Randomly amplified DNA polymorphisms in dogs are reproducible and display Mendelian transmission
Authors: Rothuizen J , VAN Wolferen M 
Published: July 2010

SummaryMany inherited diseases occur in pure‐bred dogs, but diagnosis at the level of DNA is impossible because the canine genome is largely unknown. Random amplification of polymorphic DNA (RAPD) provides many polymorphisms, but the reproducibility and Mendelian inheritance are not beyond doubt. An optimized polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was developed for canine DNA with respect to the annealing temperature and the concentrations of MgCl2, template DNA and primers. RAPD amplification products were in the range of 100–1500 base pairs. With six primers, 21 different reactions with different electrophoretic patterns were obtained, yielding 9–29 products per reaction. In DNA from dogs of 16 different breeds, 14% of the products were polymorphic; when only beagles were included the rate of polymorphism was 10%. All of the reaction products were completely reproducible in 16 DNA samples. Mendelian transmission was analysed in six beagle families (42 dogs). The segregation of polymorphic amplification products in 21 reactions performed on DNA from all beagles was nearly complete; in only two of the 630 reactions was there a product that could not be traced back to either of the parents. The reproducibility and Mendelian behaviour of polymorphisms generated by RAPD in dogs makes this tool very suitable for development of DNA markers of canine inherited diseases.
Further characterization of a somatic cell hybrid panel: ten new assignments to the bovine genome
Authors: Guérin G , Eggen A , Vaiman D , Nocart M , Laurent P , Béchet D , Ferrara M 
Published: July 2010

SummaryThirty‐six partially characterized hamster‐bovine hybrid cell lines were used for the determination of synteny groups. Sixteen additional reference loci, selected for their coverage of the bovine genome, were analysed on these hybrid cells. This increases to 25 the number of synteny groups detected. This panel was then used to make synteny assignments for 10 additional loci, eight by Southern blotting (COL1A1, COL1A2, FAS, CTSB, CTSL, CHRNG, HEXB and HTR1A) and two by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification (HRH1 and ETH1112), These loci were assigned to international synteny groups U12 (HRH1), U13 (COL1A2), U17 (CHRNG), U21 (COL1A1, FAS), U29 (ETHI1112), to chromosome 20 (U14 or U25) for HEXB and HTR1A, and to the same local synteny group (A), which is probably U18, for CTSB and CTSL. For three loci already mapped in humans (COL1A1, COL1A2 and CHRNG), the present results are in accordance with the predictions based on comparative mapping between the human and bovine species.
A new phenogroup in the horse D system of red cell alloantigens found in the Caspian pony
Authors: Cothran E Gus , Long Y G 
Published: July 2010

SummaryA new D blood group phenogroup consisting of the specificities adeo was observed in a stallion family of Caspian ponies from Iran. An additional six undescribed genetic variants were seen in a total of 82 Iranian horses. This result suggests extensive new genetic variation may be present in domestic horses from geographic regions that have not yet received scientific attention.
Randomly primed PCR amplification of pooled DNA reveals polymorphism in a ruminant repetitive DNA sequence which differentiates Bos indicus and B. taurus
Authors: Kemp S J , Teale A J 
Published: July 2010

SummaryBy amplification of pools of DNA representative of different bovine populations with single short oligonucleotide primers of random sequence, we were able rapidly to identify markers which distinguish the two major subspecies of domestic cattle, Bos taurus and B. indicus. One of the marker polymorphisms was found to be in a novel, dispersed DNA sequence which occurs in several ruminant species. The marker will assist in the detection of crossbreeding between Zebu and B. taurus types where this threatens a potentially valuable trypanosomiasis‐resistant B. taurus genetic resource in West Africa. In addition, the marker will be useful for exploration of the evolutionary relationships of the major subspecies of domestic cattle. The general approach used to identify population‐specific DNA polymorphisms has potentially broad application in definition of species, breeds and populations and will be of generic value in studies of genome evolution.
Characterization of Zebu cattle breeds in Tanzania using random amplified polymorphic DNA markers
Authors: Gwakisa P S , Kemp S J , Teale A J 
Published: July 2010

SummaryA total of 141 short primers, of arbitrary nucleotide sequence, were used singly in poly‐merase chain reactions to amplify DNA fingerprints in pools of DNA representing three Zebu cattle breeds. Two primers, which discriminated between the breed‐specific DNA pools were used further to amplify individual pool components in order to establish band frequencies of the amplified fingerprints. One of the primers (ILO 1127) amplified a RAPD fingerprint in 61%of TSZ animals but less than 6% in the other breeds, while another primer (ILO 1065) revealed a DNA sequence common to 89% of the Boran animals and less than 30% in the other two breeds. Bandsharing and mean average percentage difference calculated within and between the three breeds using RAPD fingerprint data showed a higher degree of homogeneity within than across the breeds and indicated measurable divergence between the three breeds. It is concluded that RAPD polymorphisms are useful as genetic markers for cattle breed differentiation.
Detection of bovine leukocyte adhesion deficiency by nonisotopic ligase chain reaction
Authors: Batt C A , Wagner P , Wiedmann M , Luo Jianying , Gilbert R 
Published: July 2010

SummaryA nonisotopic ligase chain reaction (LCR) assay was developed to detect the mutation (D128G; Shuster et al. (1992) PNAS 89, 9225‐9) for bovine leukocyte adhesion deficiency (BLAD). Two sets of diagonally opposed discriminating LCR primers that differentiate the normal and BLAD allele were designed so that the 3′ end of each primer overlapped the D128G mutation. These discriminating primers were synthesized with a 5′ biotin and could be captured using streptavidin‐coated microtitre wells. A common set of primers that abut these discriminating primers were also synthesized and 3′‐tailed with digoxigenin‐ddUTP. Captured LCR products were then detected using antidigoxigenin antibodies coupled to alkaline phosphatase. The assay readout was a chemiluminescent signal generated by the hydrolysis of Lumi‐Phos TM 530 and the entire assay including DNA isolation can be completed within 8 h.
Evidence of linkage between high‐glycine‐tyrosine keratin gene loci and wool fibre diameter in a Merino half‐sib family
Authors: Parsons Y M , Cooper D W , Piper L R 
Published: July 2010

SummaryCandidate genes for quantitative trait loci have been studied in a Medium Peppin Merino flock. Obvious candidates for effects on wool production traits are genes for the major proteins expressed in the wool fibre, the keratin and keratin‐associated protein genes. Two keratin‐associated protein loci, KRTAP6 and KRTAP8, have previously been shown to be linked. The results of analyses between these two loci and production traits gave significant evidence of linkage with wool fibre diameter in one out of eight halfsib groups tested. High‐glycine‐tyrosine proteins (KRTAP6, 7 and 8) are known to vary considerably in abundance in wool fibres and it is possible that a gene for major effect on fibre diameter is located within the same chromosomal region as KRTAP6 and KRTAP8.
Heat shock protein gene HSP108 and a replication histone gene cluster are linked in the chicken
Authors: VAN Hest B J , Molloy P L , Frankham R , Sheldon B L 
Published: July 2010

SummaryIn work aimed at extending the chicken genome linkage map, a heat shock protein gene, HSP108, was shown by restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis to be linked to one of two replication histone gene clusters located on chromosome 1. Linkage was estimated using the LOD score method, on segregation data from seven pedigreed three‐generation families (245 individuals). The maximum likelihood estimate of the recombination fraction (θ) was 0.215.
Chromosomal localization and detection of DNA polymorphisms in the bovine polymeric immunoglobulin receptor gene
Authors: Kulseth M A , Toldo S Solinas , Fries R , Womack J , Lien S , Rogne S 
Published: July 2010

SummaryPolymeric immunoglobulin receptor (PIGR) mediates transcellular transport of secretory antibodies in glandular and mucosal epithelial cells. By use of a bovine‐rodent somatic cell hybrid panel the bovine PIGR locus has been assigned to syntenic group U1. Using in situ hybridization, PIGR was localized to bovine chromosome 16, segment q13, thus confirming the recent assignment of syntenic group U1 to this chromosome. Two common restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs) with the enzymes Bam HI and MspI were detected using the PIGR cDNA as probe. Direct PCR sequencing of a segment in the PIGR coding region (nucleotides 162–413) from 13 bulls of Norwegian Cattle revealed single nucleotide exchanges at two positions. An efficient PCR‐RFLP method for detection of these mutations was developed.
Assignment of the cation independent mannose 6‐phosphate/insulin‐like growth factor II receptor to bovine chromosome 9q27‐28 by fluorescent in situ hyridization
Authors: Friedl R , Rottmann O 
Published: July 2010

SummaryA clone of the complete cDNA of the bovine cation independent mannose 6‐phosphate/insulin‐like growth factor II receptor (IGF2R) was used to demonstrate the location of the gene on bovine chromosome 9q27‐28 by fluorescent in situ hybridization. This gene is the first to be localized on BTA 9. The human IGFZR locus maps to HSA 6q25‐27.