bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predicting Abiotic TCE Transformation Rate Constants—A Bayesian Hierarchical Approach
Authors: Störiko Anna , Valocchi Albert J. , Werth Charles , Schaefer Charles E. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractFe(II) minerals can mediate the abiotic reduction of trichloroethylene (TCE), a widespread groundwater contaminant. If reaction rates are sufficiently fast for natural attenuation, the process holds potential for mitigating TCE pollution in groundwater. To assess the variability of abiotic TCE reduction rate constants, we collected pseudo‐first‐order rate constants for natural sediments and rocks from the literature, as well as intrinsic (surface‐area‐normalized) rate constants of individual minerals. Using a Bayesian hierarchical modeling approach, we were able to differentiate the contributions of natural variability and experimental error to the total variance. Applying the model, we also predicted rate constants at new sites, revealing a considerable uncertainty of several orders of magnitude. We investigated whether incorporating additional information about sediment composition could reduce this uncertainty. We tested two sets of predictors: reactive mineral content (measured by X‐ray diffraction) combined with surface areas and intrinsic rate constants, or the extractable Fe(II) content. Knowledge of the mineral composition only marginally reduced the uncertainty of predicted rate constants. We attribute the low information gain to the inability to measure the (reactive) surface areas of individual minerals in sediments or rocks, which are subject to environmental factors like aqueous geochemistry and redox potential. In contrast, knowing the Fe(II) content reduced the uncertainty about the first‐order rate constant by nearly two orders of magnitude, because the relationship between Fe(II) content and rate constants is approximately log–log‐linear. We demonstrate how our approach provides estimates for the range of cleanup times for a simple example of diffusion‐controlled transport in a contaminated aquitard.
Exploring deep caries management and barriers to the use of vital pulp treatments by primary care dental practitioners
Authors: Pandya Jay‐Krishan , Wheatley Jennifer , Bailey Oliver , Taylor Greig , Geddis‐Regan Andrew , Edwards David 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAimThe European Society of Endodontology outlines best practices for the management of deep caries and the pulp. Despite evidence supporting vital pulp treatments (VPTs) as predictable alternatives to conventional endodontic treatment, studies have shown they are not widely adopted in the UK. This study aimed to explore the barriers to implementation of VPTs by primary care general dental practitioners (GDPs).MethodologyQualitative one‐to‐one semi‐structured online interviews were conducted with purposively sampled UK GDPs. Interview transcripts were analysed using reflexive thematic analysis. Recurring themes were iteratively refined as additional transcripts were reviewed.ResultsEleven participants were interviewed. A range of barriers to the provision of VPTs were identified, which aligned with two core themes: ‘Motivational barriers to service provision’ and ‘Educational access & opportunities’. Sub‐themes included lack of access to materials and equipment, deficiencies in knowledge of treatment (including protocols, outcomes and prognosis), lack of confidence (in treatment efficacy and clinical ability), time constraints and public dental service funding and remuneration.ConclusionsThis study identifies barriers to the widespread adoption of VPTs among primary care GDPs in public and private settings. Economic constraints, practitioner confidence, time limitations and educational gaps are key challenges. Addressing these may require systemic changes such as policy interventions, education and improved resource allocation.
Learning environment matters for university EFL learners’ emotions and approaches to online learning technologies: A Chinese perspective
Authors: Han Jiying , Geng Xiaohui , You Yinghui 
Published: June 2024

AbstractTechnology is constantly changing the language learning environment and online language learning (OLL) has attracted increasing attention. In this study, EFL learners’ perceptions of the OLL environments and the relationships between these perceptions and the learners’ emotions and approaches to online learning technologies were investigated. A sample of 567 Chinese university EFL learners from 18 public higher education institutions across 5 provinces responded to an online questionnaire survey. The data analysis based on structural equation modelling revealed that the EFL learners’ perceptions of task orientation, innovation and individualisation were positively related to the deep approach to online learning technologies. However, unlike previous findings, no significant relationship was found between the factors of the relationship dimension and the students' approaches to online learning technologies (SAOLT). Perceived innovation was found to be negatively related to enjoyment, and perceived personalization was found to be positively related to anxiety. Furthermore, the learners’ emotions, especially anxiety, significantly mediated the relationship between perceived task orientation and the surface approach to online learning technologies. Overall, the findings of this study improve the understanding of EFL learners’ online learning experiences and provide practical insights for enhancing the quality of OLL environments and promoting learning outcomes.
Caries status in 12‐year‐old children, geographical location and socioeconomic conditions across European countries: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Vukovic Ana , Schmutz Kian Alessandro , Borg‐Bartolo Roberta , Cocco Fabio , Rosianu Ruxandra Sava , Jorda Rainer , Maclennon Anastasia , Cortes‐Martinicorenas Javier F. , Rahiotis Christos , Madléna Melinda , Arghittu Antonella , Dettori Marco , Castiglia Paolo , Esteves‐Oliveira Marcella , Cagetti Maria Grazia , Wolf Thomas G. , Campus Guglielmo 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundUnderstanding of socioeconomic context might enable more efficient evidence‐based preventive strategies in oral health.AimThe study assessed the caries‐related socioeconomic macro‐factors in 12‐year‐olds across European countries.DesignThis systematic review involved epidemiological surveys on the caries status of 12‐year‐olds from 2011 to 2022. DMFT was analyzed in relation to gross national income (GNI), United Nations Statistical Division geographical categorization of European countries (M49), unemployment rate, Human Development Index (HDI), and per capita expenditure on dental health care. A meta‐analysis was performed for countries reporting data on DMFT, stratified by GNI, and geographical location of European countries, using a random‐effects model.ResultsThe study involved 493 360 children from 36 countries in the geographic region of Europe. The analysis confirmed a strong negative correlation between income and caries experience (p < .01). Children living in higher‐income countries showed 90% lower odds of poor oral health than in middle‐income countries. Children living in West Europe showed 90% lower odds of poor oral health than children living in East Europe.ConclusionThe strong effect of macro‐level socioeconomic contexts on children's oral health suggests favoring upstream preventive oral health strategies in countries with economic growth difficulties, Eastern and Southern parts of Europe.
Cancer rehabilitation services for older women with breast cancer: Impact on health‐related quality of life outcomes
Authors: Pergolotti Mackenzi , Wood Kelley C. , Kendig Tiffany , Love Kim , Mayo Stacye 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundOlder breast cancer survivors (BCS, age ≥ 65) are vulnerable to experiencing persistent symptoms and associated declines in health‐related quality of life (HRQOL). In research trials, cancer rehabilitation interventions (physical or occupational therapy, PT/OT) have been shown to enhance HRQOL, but the impact of community‐based PT/OT services for older BCS is unknown. We performed a retrospective, observational study to better understand the impact of PT/OT services on the HRQOL of older BCS.MethodsOutcomes and covariates were extracted from the outpatient rehabilitation medical record. HRQOL outcomes included: PROMIS® global physical health (GPH), global mental health (GMH), physical function (PF), and ability to participate in social roles and activities (SRA). Linear mixed‐effect models were used to examine change in HRQOL outcomes and explore the influence of patient age and service type (PT/OT). ICD‐10 codes were examined and compared between service types to describe the impairments treated.ResultsPT/OT cases (N = 694) were 71.79 ± 5.44 years old and participated in a median of 11 visits (IQR: 7.0–17.25) over 9.71 weeks (IQR: 6.29–15.29). Most (84.4%) attended PT (n = 579; 84%) versus OT (n = 115; 16%). Overall, significant improvement was observed in each HRQOL outcome (GPH: +3.00, p < 0.001; GMH: +1.80, p < 0.001; PF: +1.97, p < 0.001; SRA: +2.34, p < 0.001). Service type influenced only GPH (p = 0.041); mean improvement was +3.24 (SE: 0.290, p < 0.001) for PT cases and + 1.78 for OT cases (SE: 0.651, p = 0.007). PT cases commonly received treatment for weakness/atrophy, pain, walking, and posture; OT cases commonly received treatment for lymphedema and scarring/fibrosis. No age effects were observed.ConclusionsIn this large study of older BCS who participated in community‐based PT/OT services across the United States, we observed significant improvements in HRQOL outcomes that are important to older BCS and their providers. Although more research is needed, these findings suggest that improved access to PT/OT could help address unmet HRQOL needs among this population.
Exploring stakeholders’ opinions on circular economy in the construction sector: A natural language processing analysis of social media discourse
Authors: Tleuken Aidana , Orel Daniil , Iskakova Anel , Varol Huseyin Atakan , Karaca Ferhat 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe construction industry has been criticized for its negative environmental impacts, leading industry experts to advocate for a shift toward a circular economy (CE) model. However, there is a lack of research on stakeholder opinions regarding that. This research paper examines stakeholders’ perspectives on implementing CE principles in the construction industry by conducting artificial intelligence‐powered natural language processing (NLP) through online sources. It answers three questions: What themes and concepts are associated with the CE in construction? How do opinions on the CE vary across different online platforms? And what factors shape positive attitudes toward the CE? The data obtained from various platforms showed that 57% of sentiments were positive, 28% were neutral, and 15% were negative. This research provides critical knowledge on the analysis of CE representation on social media in construction. Moreover, a webpage tool has been created that can assess any input opinion on the scale (positive, neutral, or negative) for further use (https://ce‐sentiment.streamlit.app/). This NLP‐based research of social media discourse in the construction sector can directly influence policy decisions by offering real‐time insights into public sentiment and preferences, shaping regulations that align with societal needs. It also provides industry professionals with data‐driven guidance, enabling them to identify growth opportunities and innovation pathways within the CE, ultimately fostering a more sustainable and prosperous future.
Circular (de)construction matchmaking: A matter of space and time
Authors: Yu Yifei , van den Berg Marc , Yazan Devrim Murat 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIndustrial symbiosis (IS) facilitates the transition toward a circular built environment. Following IS principles, multiple buildings can be symbiotically linked via closed‐loop material flows beyond the boundaries of individual projects. However, there are few IS matchmaking methods that support the identification of IS opportunities among multiple deconstruction and construction projects. This research develops an agent‐based model to fill this gap. The agent architecture is designed based on the concept of shearing layers. Circularity hubs are proposed to support IS matchmaking by allowing larger transportation ranges and keeping IS requests active for longer periods. The model's applicability is demonstrated through an industrial–urban symbiosis case in Enschede, the Netherlands. The model simulates the spatial–temporal dynamics of IS matchmaking as an emergent phenomenon under future scenarios. The results show operational evidence of IS matchmaking via the strategic implementation of circularity hubs. Overall, this research provides a new methodological perspective to explore the circularity in the built environment at scale.
Delineating the embodied CO2 emissions in Canada's exports: Routes, drivers, and paths
Authors: Li Qiuping , Wu Sanmang , Tu Qingshi 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis study combined the World Input–Output Database and Asian Development Bank's Multiregional Input–Output database to investigate Canada's embodied CO2 emissions in exports (EEE) for the period of 2000–2018. We examined the key drivers and paths through structural decomposition analysis and structural path analysis. First, the results showed that embodied emissions in the intermediate exports were the major contributor to Canada's EEE, and emission paths involving more than three countries were on the rise, indicating that the expansion of the global industrial supply chains has complicated the paths of Canada's EEE. Second, the factors such as emission intensity of sectors, export structure, and export scale, had varying influences on Canada's EEE over time. For several sectors, the benefit from reduced emission intensity was largely offset by the additional emissions from the increased export scale. Hence, the design of emission regulations should consider the heterogeneity of industrial sectors in order to mitigate emissions for the diverse industries in Canada. Third, energy and resource industries (e.g., electricity, petroleum, wood, metals, and so on) played an essential role in Canada's exports. A significant amount of embodied emissions was transferred from these sectors to the downstream sectors along the supply chain, indicating that abatement measures should be adopted from the whole life cycle perspective of a product/service through an integrated governance of the supply chain. This article met the requirements for a Gold–Silver JIE data openness badge described at http://jie.click/badges.
“I don't think that a medication is going to help someone long‐term stay off opioids”: Treatment and recovery beliefs of rural Vermont family members of people with opioid use disorder
Authors: Peasley‐Miklus Catherine E. , Shaw Julia G. , Rosingana Katie , Smith Mary Lindsey , Sigmon Stacey C. , Heil Sarah H. , Jewiss Jennifer , Villanti Andrea C. , Harder Valerie S. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractPurposeFew studies have addressed beliefs about treatment for opioid use disorder (OUD) among family members of people with OUD, particularly in rural communities. This study examined the beliefs of rural family members of people with OUD regarding treatment, including medication for OUD (MOUD), and recovery.MethodsSemi‐structured qualitative interviews were conducted with rural Vermont family members of people with OUD. Twenty family members completed interviews, and data were analyzed using thematic analysis.ResultsFour primary themes related to beliefs about OUD treatment emerged: (1) MOUD is another form of addiction or dependency and should be used short‐term; (2) essential OUD treatment components include residential and mental health services and a strong support network involving family; (3) readiness as a precursor to OUD treatment initiation; and (4) stigma as an impediment to OUD treatment and other health care services.ConclusionsRural family members valued mental health services and residential OUD treatment programs while raising concerns about MOUD and stigma in health care and the community. Several themes (e.g., MOUD as another form of addiction, residential treatment, and treatment readiness) were consistent with prior research. The belief that MOUD use should be short‐term was inconsistent with the belief that OUD is a disease. Findings suggest a need for improved education on the effectiveness of MOUD for family members and on stigma for health care providers and community members.
Power in coordinating supply chain projects in humanitarian settings: A case study of Rohingya refugee camps
Authors: Shaheen Iana , Hossain Muhammad Ismail , Azadegan Arash , Ali Mohammad 
Published: June 2024

AbstractHow and why is power used in humanitarian projects? Coordinating organizations, such as UN agencies, carry power and influence over NGOs to advance the interests of beneficiaries. However, coordination can be managed by a single authority or by multiple authorities that share or delegate responsibilities. Furthermore, coordinators may leverage different types of power, including non‐mediated forms like referent and expert power, or mediated forms such as reward, legitimate, or coercive power. This research draws upon 57 interviews regarding organizational behavior with members of international and local non‐governmental organizations (NGOs), UN agencies, and government officials involved in managing Rohingya refugee camps in Southern Bangladesh. The observations suggest that in single‐authority layered projects, referent and expert powers are commonly employed, leading to improvements in quality and delivery performance. Reward power is typically wielded informally and is linked to cost performance. In dual‐layered projects, legitimate power is used to enhance quality and delivery performance. This article's originality lies in its extension of the use of power to multi‐tiered supply chain settings; its contribution is to organizational theory regarding the resolution of principal‐agent issues; and its insights are into the nuanced effects of different types of power based on project types. It offers valuable guidance to policymakers and practitioners, highlighting effective approaches for coordinating inter‐organizational efforts in challenging and unconventional supply chain settings.
Effects of marine microplastic on marine life and the food webs – A detailed review
Authors: Sethia Prateek , Nandhini Dhuraimurugan , Amutha Sadasivan 
Published: June 2024

AbstractMicroplastics, which are microscopic plastic particles smaller than five millimetres, have become a common global pollution in marine environments. These particles, which come from a variety of sources such as the decomposition of bigger plastic objects and the microfibres that are shed from textiles, are extremely dangerous to ecosystems and marine life. This study provides a detailed analysis of the global issue of microplastic pollution, including its origins, effects on marine ecosystems, current mitigation techniques, and future research prospects. The review divides microplastics into main and secondary categories, detailing their sources ranging from plastic pellets and microbeads to the breakdown of bigger plastic items such as bottles and bags. It emphasises the negative impacts of microplastics on marine species, aquaculture, and human health, such as gastrointestinal obstructions, toxic chemical accumulation, and cancer risk to human health. The review also examines the economic and environmental consequences of marine plastic pollution, highlighting the importance of effective policies and remedies. Furthermore, the article covers several researches on microplastic contamination in coastal sediments, seafood, and aquatic creatures from diverse locales. It addresses methods for collecting, extracting, and analysing microplastics, as well as advances in machine learning and spectroscopic techniques for precise identification and measurement. Furthermore, the study summarises the research on the ecological hazards presented by microplastics, such as their movement patterns, accumulation in marine ecosystems, and possible long‐term effects. The study also examines the problems and limitations in existing research, such as the need for consistent data collection processes, a better knowledge of microplastic behaviour in various settings, and the development of novel mitigating solutions. Overall, this study gives an in‐depth summary of the current state of knowledge on microplastic contamination, emphasising the critical need for more research, legislative interventions, and public awareness campaigns to ameliorate its negative impacts on marine ecosystems and human health.
What is old is new again: The deep roots of ethnic nationalism in the digital age
Authors: Schertzer Robert , Woods Eric Taylor 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIn this article, we elaborate on the central themes of our recent book,The New Nationalism in America and Beyond(OUP, 2022), before responding to the comments and criticisms of several esteemed colleagues (Phil Gorski, Cynthia Miller‐Idriss, and Sophie Duchesne). In sum, our book argues that the relative success of right‐wing populists among the white majorities of the West – including Donald Trump in the US, Marine Le Pen in France, and the Brexit Campaigners in the UK – is partly due to the way in which they draw upon long‐established ethnic nationalist myths and symbols in their political communication. By adapting this cultural content to the contemporary context, these elites are ensuring that their messaging resonates among their target populations. In making this case, our book seeks to demonstrate the value of taking culture seriously in the analysis of the so‐called ‘new nationalism.’
The goals for successful development of treatment in gastroparesis
Authors: Yang David Yi , Camilleri Michael 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundGastroparesis is a motility disorder of the stomach characterized by cardinal symptoms and delayed gastric emptying of solid food in the absence of mechanical obstruction. There is significant unmet need in its management, and essentially there are no medications approved for its treatment over four decades.PurposeThe objectives of this review are to develop an understanding of the goals of treatment, the evidence‐based criteria for treatment success based on the current scientific understanding of gastroparesis as well as patient response outcomes, and to propose evidence‐based principles for the successful development of treatments for gastroparesis. Specifically, we discuss the pathophysiologic targets in gastroparesis, eligibility criteria for clinical trial participation based on validated gastric emptying studies, and the patient response outcome measures that have been validated to appraise effects of treatment on clinically relevant outcomes. These considerations lead to recommendations regarding eligibility, design, and duration of proof‐of‐efficacy studies, and to endorsing the American Neurogastroenterology and Motility Society Gastroparesis Cardinal Symptom Index Daily Diary as a validated patient response outcome and to justification of the shortening of proof‐of‐efficacy, placebo‐controlled clinical trials to 4 weeks treatment duration after a baseline period. We believe that such approaches will increase the likelihood of successful assessment of efficacy of novel approaches to treating patients with gastroparesis.