bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Autologous stem cell transplant in a patient with Down syndrome and relapsed Hodgkin lymphoma
Authors: Eckrich Michael J. , Domm Jennifer , Ho Richard , Whitlock James A. , Frangoul Haydar 
Published: July 2009

AbstractChildren with Down syndrome (DS) are at increased risk for the development of acute leukemia but they rarely develop other hematologic malignancies or solid tumors. Despite aggressive supportive care, DS patients have increased risk of treatment related morbidity and mortality compared to other children. There are few reported cases of Hodgkin disease in children with DS, and no reported cases of successful therapy for patients with relapsed disease. We report on a child with DS and relapsed Hodgkin disease who was successfully treated with high‐dose chemotherapy and autologous stem cell transplant. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2009; 53:1327–1328. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Characterisation of Phenolics in Flor‐Essence®—a Compound Herbal product and its Contributing Herbs
Authors: Saleem Ammar , Walshe‐Roussel Brendan , Harris Cory , Asim Muhammad , Tamayo Carmen , Sit Summer , Arnason John Thor 
Published: July 2009

AbstractIntroduction – Commercially available herbal mixture FE, a proprietary natural health product manufactured by Flora Manufacturing and Distributing Ltd (Flora), is a unique North American traditional herbal product. FE is a chemically complex mixture of eight herbs and has not been subjected to phytochemical analysis.Objective – To develop analytical methods to undertake detailed phytochemical analyses of FE, and its eight contributing herbs, including burdock (Arctium lappa L.), sheep sorrel (Rumex acetosella L.), Turkish rhubarb (Rheum palmatum L.), slippery elm Muhl. (Ulmus rubra), watercress (Nasturtium officinale R. Br.), red clover (Trifolium pratense L.), blessed thistle (Cnicus benedictus L.) and kelp (Laminaria digitata Lmx.).Methodology – The identification was undertaken by a combination of reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography–diode array detection–atmospheric pressure chemical ionisation–mass selective detection (RP‐HPLC‐DAD‐APCI‐MSD) analysis and phenolics metabolomic library matching.Results – New separation methods facilitated the identification of 43 markers in the individual herbs which constitute FE. Sixteen markers could be identified in FE originating from four contributing herbs including four caffeoyl quinic acids, three dicaffeoyl quinic acids and two caffeic acid derivatives from A. lappa, luteolin‐7‐O‐glucoside, luteolin, five apigenin glycosides and apigenin from R. acetocella and N. officinale and sissostrin from T. pretense. A validated method for quantitative determination of three markers is reported with good intraday, interday and interoperator repeatability using a reliable alcohol based extraction technique.Conclusion – FE and its contributing herbs predominantly contain phenolics. This methodology can be applied to further develop full‐scale validation of this product. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Validation of a quantitative assay of arbutin using gas chromatography in Origanum majorana and Arctostaphylos uva‐ursi extracts
Authors: Lamien‐Meda Aline , Lukas Brigitte , Schmiderer Corinna , Franz Chlodwig , Novak Johannes 
Published: July 2009

AbstractIntroduction – Arbutin is a skin‐whitening agent that occurs naturally in the bark and leaves of various plants. It is commonly quantified in plant extracts and skin‐whitening products by HPLC.Objective – To develop an alternative gas chromatographic method for the separation and quantification of arbutin in Origanum majorana and Arctostaphylos uva‐ursi extracts.Methodology – N,O‐Bis(trimethylsilyl)acetamide and trimethylchlorosilane were used as silylation reagents, and the gas chromatographic separation of silylated extracts and standards was performed using a DB‐5 narrow bore column. GC‐MS was used for the compound identification, and the quantification was carried out by GC‐FID. The quantitative results were compared with those of HPLC analysis.Results – The developed method gave a good sensitivity with linearity in the range 0.33–500 mg/mL and recovery >98%, allowing the quantification of arbutin in O. majorana and A. uva‐ursi extracts. The relative standard deviations (RSD) relating to intra‐day and inter‐day precision were <0.002% and <4.8%, respectively. The GC results correlated well with those obtained by HPLC analysis.Conclusion – The analysis of marjoram and bearberry samples showed that the established GC method was rapid, selective, and demonstrated that arbutin could be screened alternatively by gas chromatography. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A qualitative and quantitative HPTLC densitometry method for the analysis of cannabinoids in Cannabis sativa L.
Authors: Fischedick Justin T. , Glas Ronald , Hazekamp Arno , Verpoorte Rob 
Published: July 2009

AbstractIntroduction – Cannabis and cannabinoid based medicines are currently under serious investigation for legitimate development as medicinal agents, necessitating new low‐cost, high‐throughput analytical methods for quality control.Objective – The goal of this study was to develop and validate, according to ICH guidelines, a simple rapid HPTLC method for the quantification of Δ9‐tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9‐THC) and qualitative analysis of other main neutral cannabinoids found in cannabis.Methodology – The method was developed and validated with the use of pure cannabinoid reference standards and two medicinal cannabis cultivars. Accuracy was determined by comparing results obtained from the HTPLC method with those obtained from a validated HPLC method.
Results – Δ9‐THC gives linear calibration curves in the range of 50–500 ng at 206 nm with a linear regression of y = 11.858x + 125.99 and r2 = 0.9968.Conclusion – Results have shown that the HPTLC method is reproducible and accurate for the quantification of Δ9‐THC in cannabis. The method is also useful for the qualitative screening of the main neutral cannabinoids found in cannabis cultivars. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Jasminum polyanthum Franch. as a natural source of (−)‐methyl jasmonate: an alternative to the use of the synthetic standard
Authors: Blanch Gracia Patricia , Flores Gema , del Mar Caja Maria , Ruiz del Castillo Maria Luisa 
Published: July 2009

AbstractIntroduction – Methyl jasmonate (MJ) contains two chiral centres at C‐3 and C‐7 in its chemical structure, which implies that it can exist in four possible stereoisomeric forms, namely (+)‐MJ, (−)‐MJ, (+)‐epiMJ and (−)‐epiMJ. The absolute configuration of the two side chains of MJ affects the biological activity associated with this compound.Objective – To isolate pure (−)‐MJ from a natural source, Jasminum polyanthum Franch., with the intention of increasing the knowledge about its biological properties, including its effect on the biosynthesis of plant metabolites.Methodology – The method used was based on steam distillation extraction (SDE) as an extraction technique followed by high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) as a purification procedure. The HPLC flow‐rate as well as the number of fractions accumulated were optimised to achieve the concentration and purity required.Results – The employment of 0.3 mL/min as HPLC flow‐rate and the accumulation of three HPLC fractions allowed the required enantiomeric purity (95%) and concentration (0.36 mg/L in each HPLC fraction) to efficiently obtain (−)‐methyl jasmonate from Jasminum polyanthum Franch. to be achieved.Conclusion – The approach proposed may enable the properties and effect of pure (−)‐MJ on plant responses to be studied. The use of a natural source to obtain (−)‐MJ is presented as an alternative to the enantioselective synthesis and enantiomeric resolution from the standard racaemic mixture. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Identification of a naturally‐occurring 8‐[α‐D‐glucopyranosyl‐(1→6)‐β‐D‐glucopyranosyl]daidzein from cultivated kudzu root
Authors: Nguyen Van Dao , Min Byoung‐Cheol , Kyung Myung‐Ok , Park Jong‐Tae , Lee Byong Hoon , Choi Chung‐Hyo , Seo Nam‐Seok , Kim Yong‐Ro , Ahn Dong Uk , Lee Sung‐Joon , Park Cheon‐Seok , Kim Jung‐Wan , Park Kwan‐Hwa 
Published: July 2009

AbstractIntroduction – Kudzu root (Radix puerariae) is a rich source of isoflavones that are effective in preventing osteoporosis, heart disease and symptoms associated with menopause. The major isoflavonoids in kudzu root extracts were reported as puerarin, daidzin and daidzein. Recently, an unknown isoflavonoid (compound 1) was detected from one‐year‐old kudzu root cultivated in Vietnam.Objective – To identify a novel compound 1 in kudzu root extract and determine the structure of the compound by ESI+ TOF MS‐MS, 1H‐, 13C‐NMR and enzymatic hydrolysis.Methodology – Samples were prepared by extraction of one‐year‐old kudzu root with 50% ethanol and the isoflavonoids were purified using recycling preparative HPLC. Unknown compound 1 was detected using UV‐light at 254 nm in TLC and HPLC analyses. The molecular weight of 1 was determined using a TOF mass spectrometer equipped with an electrospray ion source. The structure of 1 was determined from the 13C and 1H NMR spectra recorded at 100.40 and 400.0 MHz, respectively.Results – ESI+ TOF MS‐MS analysis shows that 1 is a puerarin diglycoside. The interglycosidic linkage of diglycoside determined by 1H‐, 13C‐NMR, and enzymatic hydrolysis suggests that 1 has a glucosyl residue linked to puerarin by an α‐1,6‐glycosidic bond. This compound is the first naturally‐occurring 8‐[α‐D‐glucopyranosyl‐(1→6)‐β‐D‐glucopyranosyl]daidzein in kudzu root. The concentration of glucosyl‐α‐1,6‐puerarin in kudzu root was 2.3 mg/g as determined by HPLC.Conclusion – The results indicate that puerarin diglycoside is one of the major isoflavonoids in kudzu root and has a significant impact on the preparation of highly water‐soluble glycosylated puerarin. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
What can primary care prescribing data tell us about individual adherence to long‐term medication?—comparison to pharmacy dispensing data
Authors: Mabotuwana Thusitha , Warren Jim , Harrison Jeff , Kenealy Timothy 
Published: July 2009

AbstractPurposeTo assess the predictive value of general practice electronic prescribing records with respect to adherence to long‐term medications as compared to claims‐based pharmacy dispensing data.MethodsA total of 29772 electronic prescribing records relating to 2713 patients attending a New Zealand general medical practice were linked by national health identifier to 63 833 dispensing records used for community pharmacy reimbursement. Individual possession ratios—prescription possession ratio (PPR) for prescribing and medication possession ratio (MPR) for dispensing—were calculated for the 15‐month period from 1 January 2006 to 30 March 2007 based on each data source for the common long‐term medications simvastatin, metoprolol succinate, bendrofluazide, felodipine, cilazapril and metformin.ResultsOut of 646 patients prescribed at least one of the six medications by the practice during the 15‐month period, 50% of patients maintained high adherence (MPR ≥ 80%) to all (out of the 6) medications that they were prescribed over the period, with rates of high adherence to individual medications ranging from 68 (felodopine) to 55% (metformin). In 93% of 4043 cases where there was a prescription in the general practice data, a subsequent dispensing record for the same patient and drug was present with a time‐stamp no more than seven days later. PPR < 80% demonstrated a positive predictive value (PPV) of 81.4% (95%CI 78–85%) and negative predictive value (NPV) of 76.3% (95%CI 73–79%) for MPR < 80%.ConclusionThere is potential for general practices to identify substantial levels of long‐term medication adherence problems through their electronic prescribing records. Significant further adherence problems could be detected if an e‐pharmacy network allowed practices to match dispensing against prescriptions. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Dispersion of cellulose crystallites by nonionic surfactants in a hydrophobic polymer matrix
Authors: Kim Jooyoun , Montero Gerardo , Habibi Youssef , Hinestroza Juan P. , Genzer Jan , Argyropoulos Dimitris S. , Rojas Orlando J. 
Published: July 2009

AbstractCellulose nanoparticles obtained by acid hydrolysis of cellulose paper were used to reinforce polystyrene composite films. The nonionic surfactant sorbitan monostearate was utilized to improve the dispersion properties of the hydrophilic cellulose in hydrophobic matrix and to prevent the formation of aggregates. Turbidity tests were used to measure dispersion stability of the cellulose crystallites in the hydrophobic solvent used in the composite manufacture. A correlation was found between the dispersion stability in solvent and the formation of aggregates in the polymeric composites. Nanocomposite films were processed using a casting/evaporation technique. Thermal and mechanical properties of processed composites were studied by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and dynamical mechanical analyses (DMA), respectively. The results showed that the optimum addition of surfactant produced better dispersion of the cellulose particles in the polystyrene matrix and improved the mechanical properties of the resulting composite due to an enhanced compatibility. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 2009. © 2009 Society of Plastics Engineers
A parametric study on the processing parameters and properties of a porous poly(DL‐lactide‐co‐glycolide) acid 85/15 bioscaffolds
Authors: Perron Josee K. , Naguib Hani E. , Daka Joseph , Chawla Attar 
Published: July 2009

AbstractThis study presents a comprehensive parametric study on the effects of processing parameters on the poly(DL‐lactide‐co‐glycolide) acid (PLGA) 85/15 scaffold's physical properties. Porous PLGA 85/15 scaffolds were prepared using a gas foaming/salt leaching technique. The processing parameters under examination for the gas foaming/salt leaching method included: gas saturation pressure (SP), gas saturation time, and NaCl/polymer mass ratio (NaCl/PMR). The physical properties considered in this study were the scaffold density, the scaffold porosity, and the average pore size of the scaffold. Young's moduli in compression, as well as the pore density (PD) inside the scaffold, were also studied. The results demonstrated optimum correlations of processing parameters are required to produce a scaffold with a high level of interconnectivity. In general, all scaffolds yielded by this experiment exhibited a porosity more than 90%, a relative density ranging from 0.0534 to 0.149 g/cm3, a PD ranging from 1.51 × 106to 6.72 × 106pores/cm3, and a compressive modulus ranging from 0.07 to 0.84 MPa. It was determined that the NaCl/PMR was the parameter that had the most significant effect on the physical properties of the scaffold. The average pore size was affected slightly by the SP only, and it was observed that the pore size was equivalent to the size of the NaCl particles used to make the scaffold. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 2009. © 2009 Society of Plastics Engineers
Microemulsion copolymerization of styrene‐methyl methacrylate followed on line by low‐resolution Raman spectroscopy
Authors: Corona‐Rivera Miguel A. , Flores Jorge , Puig Jorge E. , Mendizábal Eduardo 
Published: July 2009

AbstractIn this work, the kinetics of microemulsion copolymerization of styrene (St) and methyl methacrylate (MMA) at 60°C using dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide (DTAB) as the surfactant was followed on line by low‐resolution Raman spectroscopy. Raman spectra were taken every 30 s. Because the spectrophotometer has low resolution, the CC peak overlaps with the St aromatic ring stretch vibration and curve deconvolution was necessary. Overall conversion obtained by Raman spectroscopy agrees with that obtained by gravimetry. Copolymer composition was determined by following the area changes of the COC bending mode peak of MMA. Compositions determined by this method agree with those measured by NMR spectroscopy. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 2009. © 2009 Society of Plastics Engineers
Incipient stable bubble formation during bulk polymerization of methyl methacrylate under near‐isothermal conditions. II. Use of an anchor agitator
Authors: Singh Gurpreet J. , Gupta Santosh K. 
Published: July 2009

AbstractMethyl methacrylate is polymerized under near‐isothermal conditions in a 1‐l stainless steel batch reactor having a glass bottom and stirred with an anchor agitator. A camcorder is used to obtain images of the entrapped vapor bubbles at different times so as to identify the point, Bi, where stable clusters of vapor bubbles first (incipient) get formed. This is being referred to as the transition point. Data on the monomer conversion, xm,Bi, the weight average molecular weight, Mw,Bi, and the viscosity, ηBi, of the reaction mass at this point have been generated for a variety of experimental conditions. It is observed that the pressure above the liquid reaction mixture and the RPM of the stirrer have little effect on the results in the ranges studied. Correlations have been developed for xm,Bi, Mw,Bi, and ηBi, relating these to the initiator loading, Io, and the constant set‐point temperature, T. Results are compared with those obtained earlier for reactors stirred with ribbon agitators. The transition point is useful for the design of the first stage of polymerization reactors. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 2009. © 2009 Society of Plastics Engineers
Isolation of intact proteins from acid‐degradable polyacrylamide gel
Authors: Kim Yoon Kyung , Kwon Young Jik 
Published: July 2009

AbstractElucidating native structure–function relationships of proteins identified using PAGE has been impeded by limitations in the isolation of intact proteins from the gel. By hydrolyzing polyacrylamide gel band under mildly acidic conditions rather than digesting entrapped proteins ∼70% of a large native protein, mouse IgG1 (molecular weight 150 kDa), was isolated. Further analysis indicated that the isolated antibodies had preserved specific binding capability to target antigens as well as intact molecular weights. This new technology may contribute to functional proteomic studies through the isolation of proteins in their native state after PAGE, and other technologies requiring simultaneous separation and isolation of other macromolecules and complexes.
Wellcome Trust/EBI 2009 Meeting Report – Perspectives in Stem Cell Proteomics 22–23 March 2009, Wellcome Trust Conference Centre, Hinxton, UK
Authors: de Wynter Erika , Unwin Richard 
Published: July 2009

AbstractThis report summarises the recent “Perspectives in Stem Cell Proteomics” meeting that was held at the Wellcome Trust Conference Centre, Hinxton, UK in March 2009. The aim of the meeting was to explore the current status of proteomics in stem cell biology. Several themes encompassing technological and biological studies demonstrated the close relationship that must exist between the two communities in order to maximise our understanding of stem cell behaviour. Highlights included new methods for induction of pluripotent stem cells, new data sets regarding protein expression and phosphorylation dynamics in differentiating cells and the potential for future exploitation in a therapeutic setting.
Recent Advances in the Atmospheric Pressure PE‐CVD of Fluorocarbon Films: Influence of Air and Water Vapour Impurities
Authors: Fanelli Fiorenza , Di Renzo Giovanni , Fracassi Francesco , d'Agostino Riccardo 
Published: July 2009

AbstractThe influence of air and water vapour on the deposition process of fluoropolymers in argon‐hexafluoropropene (Ar‐C3F6) filamentary dielectric barrier discharges was investigated by adding known concentrations of these contaminants to the feed gas. The obtained results show that Ar‐C3F6 DBDs allow in depositing thin films with a XPS F/C ratio as high as 1.7. Under the experimental conditions investigated, contaminant addition slightly affects the F/C ratio of the coatings, and does not cause appreciable O‐ and N‐uptake, but induces a decrease of the deposition rate. Preliminary results from the OES investigation of the gas phase and the GC‐MS analysis of the gas effluent are also reported.
Analysis of loop boundaries using different local structure assignment methods
Authors: Tyagi Manoj , Bornot Aurélie , Offmann Bernard , de Brevern Alexandre G. 
Published: July 2009

AbstractLoops connect regular secondary structures. In many instances, they are known to play important biological roles. Analysis and prediction of loop conformations depend directly on the definition of repetitive structures. Nonetheless, the secondary structure assignment methods (SSAMs) often lead to divergent assignments. In this study, we analyzed, both structure and sequence point of views, how the divergence between different SSAMs affect boundary definitions of loops connecting regular secondary structures. The analysis of SSAMs underlines that no clear consensus between the different SSAMs can be easily found. Because these latter greatly influence the loop boundary definitions, important variations are indeed observed, that is, capping positions are shifted between different SSAMs. On the other hand, our results show that the sequence information in these capping regions are more stable than expected, and, classical and equivalent sequence patterns were found for most of the SSAMs. This is, to our knowledge, the most exhaustive survey in this field as (i) various databank have been used leading to similar results without implication of protein redundancy and (ii) the first time various SSAMs have been used. This work hence gives new insights into the difficult question of assignment of repetitive structures and addresses the issue of loop boundaries definition. Although SSAMs give very different local structure assignments capping sequence patterns remain efficiently stable.
Solubilization and characterization of the anthrax toxin pore in detergent micelles
Authors: Vernier Gregory , Wang Jie , Jennings Laura D. , Sun Jianjun , Fischer Audrey , Song Likai , Collier R. John 
Published: July 2009

AbstractProteolytically activated Protective Antigen (PA) moiety of anthrax toxin self‐associates to form a heptameric ring‐shaped oligomer (the prepore). Acidic pH within the endosome converts the prepore to a pore that serves as a passageway for the toxin's enzymatic moieties to cross the endosomal membrane. Prepore is stable in solution under mildly basic conditions, and lowering the pH promotes a conformational transition to an insoluble pore‐like state.N‐tetradecylphosphocholine (FOS14) was the only detergent among 110 tested that prevented aggregation without dissociating the multimer into its constituent subunits. FOS14 maintained the heptamers as monodisperse, insertion‐competent 440‐kDa particles, which formed channels in planar phospholipid bilayers with the same unitary conductance and ability to translocate a model substrate protein as channels formed in the absence of detergent. Electron paramagnetic resonance analysis detected pore‐like conformational changes within PA on solubilization with FOS14, and electron micrograph images of FOS14‐solubilized pore showed an extended, mushroom‐shaped structure. Circular dichroïsm measurements revealed an increase in α helix and a decrease in β structure in pore formation. Spectral changes caused by a deletion mutation support the hypothesis that the 2β2‐2β3 loop transforms into the transmembrane segment of the β‐barrel stem of the pore. Changes caused by selected point mutations indicate that the transition to α structure is dependent on residues of the luminal 2β11‐2β12 loop that are known to affect pore formation. Stabilizing the PA pore in solution with FOS14 may facilitate further structural analysis and a more detailed understanding of the folding pathway by which the pore is formed.