bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The MUSE Ultra Deep Field (MUDF). V. Characterizing the Mass–Metallicity Relation for Low-mass Galaxies at z ∼ 1–2
Authors: Revalski Mitchell , Rafelski Marc , Henry Alaina , Fossati Matteo , Fumagalli Michele , Dutta Rajeshwari , Pirzkal Norbert , Beckett Alexander , Arrigoni Battaia Fabrizio , Dayal Pratika , D’Odorico Valentina , Lusso Elisabeta , Nedkova Kalina V. , Prichard Laura J. , Papovich Casey , Peroux Celine 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Using more than 100 galaxies in the MUSE Ultra Deep Field with spectroscopy from the Hubble Space Telescope’s (HST) Wide Field Camera 3 and the Very Large Telescope’s Multi Unit Spectroscopic Explorer, we extend the gas-phase mass–metallicity relation (MZR) at z ≈ 1–2 down to stellar masses of M
⋆ ≈ 107.5
M
⊙. The sample reaches 6 times lower in stellar mass and star formation rate (SFR) than previous HST studies at these redshifts, and we find that galaxy metallicities decrease to log(O/H) + 12 ≈ 7.8 ± 0.1 (15% solar) at log(M
⋆/M
⊙) ≈ 7.5, without evidence of a turnover in the shape of the MZR at low masses. We validate our strong-line metallicities using the direct method for sources with [O iii] λ4363 and [O iii] λ1666 detections, and find excellent agreement between the techniques. The [O iii] λ1666-based metallicities double existing measurements with a signal-to-noise ratio ≥ 5 for unlensed sources at z > 1, validating the strong-line calibrations up to z ∼ 2.5. We confirm that the MZR resides ∼0.3 dex lower in metallicity than local galaxies and is consistent with the fundamental metallicity relation if the low-mass slope varies with SFR. At lower redshifts (z ∼ 0.5) our sample reaches ∼0.5 dex lower in SFR than current calibrations and we find enhanced metallicities that are consistent with extrapolating the MZR to lower SFRs. Finally, we detect only an ∼0.1 dex difference in the metallicities of galaxies in groups versus isolated environments. These results are based on robust calibrations and reach the lowest masses and SFRs that are accessible with HST, providing a critical foundation for studies with the Webb and Roman Space Telescopes.
Variability of Blue Supergiants in the LMC with TESS
Authors: Ma 马 Linhao 林昊 , Johnston Cole , Bellinger Earl Patrick , de Mink Selma E. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The blue supergiant (BSG) problem, namely, the overabundance of BSGs inconsistent with classical stellar evolution theory, remains an open question in stellar astrophysics. Several theoretical explanations have been proposed, which may be tested by their predictions for the characteristic time variability. In this work, we analyze the light curves of a sample of 20 BSGs obtained from the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) mission. We report a characteristic signal in the low-frequency (f ≲ 2 day−1) range for all our targets. The amplitude spectrum has a peak frequency of ∼0.2 day−1, and we are able to fit it by a modified Lorentzian profile. The signal itself shows strong stochasticity across different TESS sectors, suggesting its driving mechanism happens on short (≲months) timescales. Our signals resemble those obtained for a limited sample of hotter OB stars and yellow supergiants, suggesting their possible common origins. We discuss three possible physical explanations: stellar winds launched by rotation, convection motions that reach the stellar surface, and waves from the deep stellar interior. The peak frequency of the signal favors processes related to the convective zone caused by the iron opacity peak, and the shape of the spectra might be explained by the propagation of high-order, damped gravity waves excited from that zone. We discuss the uncertainties and limitations of all these scenarios.
Intrinsic Mass–Richness Relation of Clusters from THE THREE HUNDRED Hydrodynamic Simulations
Authors: Chen Mingjing , Cui Weiguang , Fang Wenjuan , Wen Zhonglue 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The main systematics in cluster cosmology is the uncertainty in the mass–observable relation. In this paper, we focus on the most direct cluster observable in optical surveys, i.e., richness, and constrain the intrinsic mass–richness (MR) relation of clusters in THE THREE HUNDRED hydrodynamic simulations with two runs: GIZMO-SIMBA and GADGET-X. We find that modeling the richness at a fixed halo mass with a skewed Gaussian distribution yields a simpler and smaller scatter compared to the commonly used lognormal distribution. Additionally, we observe that baryon models have a significant impact on the scatter while exhibiting no influence on the mass dependence and a slight effect on the amplitude in the MR relation. We select member galaxies based on both stellar mass M
⋆ and absolute magnitude

M

. We demonstrate that the MR relations obtained from these two selections can be converted to each other by using the

M

⋆

–
M

relation. Finally, we provide a seven-parameter fitting result comprehensively capturing the dependence of the MR relation on both stellar mass cutoff and redshift.
Regions of Suppressed Diffusion around Supernova Remnants?
Authors: Bao Yiwei , Blasi Pasquale , Chen Yang 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The recent discovery of the so-called TeV halos has attracted much attention. The morphology of the emission requires that the region is characterized by severe suppression of the diffusion coefficient. This finding raises many questions as to its origin: (1) is the suppressed diffusion to be attributed to instabilities induced by the same radiating particles? (2) or does it actually show that the diffusion coefficient is small throughout the disk of the Galaxy? In both cases, one would expect that the surroundings of supernova remnants (SNRs) should also show evidence of a reduced diffusion coefficient since most remnants are located in the disk and are expected to be sites of effective particle acceleration. Should we expect the existence of regions of extended γ-ray emission from these regions as well? Here, we investigate the transport of cosmic rays (CRs) that have escaped from SNRs in order to assess the viability of the idea of having a cocoon of suppressed diffusion around them. A comparison of our results with the γ-ray emission from the regions around HB9 and W28 does not provide solid evidence of reduced diffusivity. However, if indeed the phenomenon of reduced diffusivity occurs around SNRs surrounded by molecular clouds, our calculations show that the effects on the grammage of Galactic CRs can be significant.
Influence of the Gravitational Darkening Effect on the Spectrum of a Hot, Rapidly Rotating Neutron Star. II. Iron Lines
Authors: Majczyna Agnieszka , Madej Jerzy , Różańska Agata , Należyty Mirosław 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Rapidly rotating neutron stars are similar to highly flattened ellipsoids. Observed spectra of flattened stars must exhibit effects of nonspherical shape and gravitational darkening. We examined in detail the influence of both effects on the observed central energies and profiles of lines of highly ionized iron, Fe xxv and Fe xxvi. We note that the gravitational darkening effect does not change the central energy of lines. Most importantly, spectra of neutron stars that rotate with different frequencies and are seen at various inclination angles differ significantly. The appearance and the depth of lines strongly depend on the parameters, like the inclination angle of the star or the frequency of the star rotation. In this paper we clearly show that the gravitational darkening effect should be included in realistic models of the atmospheres of the neutron stars.
The Interaction between Stars and Past AGN Disk: Possible Explanation for the Kinematic Distributions of S-stars in the Galactic Center
Authors: Fan Xiao , Wu Qingwen , Wu Jiancheng , Lei Xiangli , Wang Mengye , Li Fulin 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The presence of young stars, aged around several million years and situated within the range of ∼0.04–1 pc from our Galactic center raises a question about their origins and dynamical evolutions. Their kinematics provide an opportunity to explore their formation or possible subsequent dynamical evolution. If Sagittarius A* was active in the past as suggested by several observations, the accretion disk may have a significant impact on the dynamics of stars in the Galactic center. The drag force exerted on stars during star–disk interaction could lead some of them to sink into the accretion disk, and these embedded stars will rapidly migrate inward and eventually be disrupted within ∼105 yr. This could roughly explain the absence of stars within 2.5 × 104
R
g (∼1000 au). Additionally, Kozai–Lidov oscillations, induced by the gravitational perturbation of the disk, could contribute to the bimodal distribution of S-star inclinations and drive a majority of stars into high-eccentricity orbits.
The Study of Mode-switching Behavior of PSR J0614+2229 Using the Parkes Ultra–wide-bandwidth Receiver Observations
Authors: Cai Yanqing , Dang Shijun , Yuen Rai , Shang Lunhua , Kou Feifei , Yuan Jianping , Zhang Lei , Zhou Zurong , Wang Na , Li Qingying , Wen Zhigang , Yan Wenming , Wang Shuangqiang , Sun Shengnan , Tedila Habtamu Menberu , Xiao Shuo , Xu Xin , Zhao Rushuang , Zhi Qijun , Dong Aijun , Zhang Bing , Li Wei , Ren Yingying , Liu Yujia 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
In this paper we present a detailed single-pulse and polarization study of PSR J0614+2229 based on the archived data observed on 2019 August 15 (MJD 58710) and 2019 September 12 (MJD 58738) using the ultra−wide-bandwidth low-frequency receiver on the Parkes radio telescope. The single-pulse sequences show that this pulsar switches between two emission states, in which the emission of state A occurs earlier than that of state B in pulse longitude. We found that the variation in relative brightness between the two states varies temporally and both states follow a simple power law very well. Based on the phase-aligned multifrequency profiles, we found that there is a significant difference in the distributions of spectral index across the emission regions of the two states. Furthermore, we obtained the emission height evolution for the two emission states and found that, at a fixed frequency, the emission height of state A is higher than that of state B. What is even more interesting is that the emission heights of both states A and B do not change with frequency. Our results suggest that the mode switching of this pulsar is possibly caused by changes in the emission heights that alter the distributions of spectral index across the emission regions of states A and B, resulting in frequency-dependent behaviors, i.e., intensity and pulse width.
21 cm Intensity Mapping with the DSA-2000
Authors: Byrne Ruby , Mahesh Nivedita , Hallinan Gregg W. , Connor Liam , Ravi Vikram , Lazio T. Joseph W. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Line-intensity mapping is a promising probe of the Universe’s large-scale structure. We explore the sensitivity of the DSA-2000, a forthcoming array consisting of over 2000 dishes, to the statistical power spectrum of neutral hydrogen’s 21 cm emission line. These measurements would reveal the distribution of neutral hydrogen throughout the near-redshift Universe without necessitating resolving individual sources. The success of these measurements relies on the instrument’s sensitivity and resilience to systematics. We show that the DSA-2000 will have the sensitivity needed to detect the 21 cm power spectrum at z ≈ 0.5 and across power spectrum modes of 0.03–35.12 h Mpc−1 with 0.1 h Mpc−1 resolution. We find that supplementing the nominal array design with a dense core of 200 antennas will expand its sensitivity at low power spectrum modes and enable measurement of Baryon Acoustic Oscillations. Finally, we present a qualitative discussion of the DSA-2000's unique resilience to sources of systematic error that can preclude 21 cm intensity mapping.
Possible Effects of Shipping Routes on Coral Reef Degradation and Diversity in Karimunjawa Marine National Park, Java Sea
Authors: Sabdono Agus , Wijayanti Diah Permata , Helmi Muhammad , Satya Eridhani Dharma 
Published: May 2024

The Karimunjawa Marine National Park, situated in the Java Sea, Indonesia, is renowned for its rich biodiversity and lively coral reefs. However, amidst the backdrop of this natural beauty, concerns have been raised regarding the potential impacts of shipping activities on the health and diversity of these fragile ecosystems.The increase in maritime traffic, including commercial vessels, tourist boats, and fishing vessels, traversing through the Karimunjawa Marine National Park raises significant environmental concerns. The movement of these vessels, especially along specific shipping routes, has the potential to disturb and damage coral reefs through various mechanisms. Hence, the aim of this study was to investigate the possible impacts of shipping routes on the coral abundance and diversity and the coral health in the Karimunjawa Islands, Java Sea, Indonesia.
In this study, the ship routes were grouped into 3 categories (west, east, and non-routes). The West Route, East Route, and Non-Route including a total of 15 islands were investigated for their % prevalence of coral disease, % coral cover, diversity index, species richness, relative abundance, and evenness. At each island, a 15x2 m belt transect was established at 3 and 8 m in depth with 3 repetitions. The statistical analyses showed that there were significant differences in coral abundance and species richness among the ship-route groups. Nonetheless, there were no significant differences in all parameters observed between 3 m and 8 m in depths. These findings suggest that while certain aspects of coral health and diversity are not influenced by shipping routes, other factors or mechanisms may play a more dominant role in determining disease prevalence, coral cover, and overall diversity in the Karimunjawa coral reefs.
A Cross-Sectional Study On Psychiatric Disorders among Poor Academic Performance Primary School (6-12 Years) Children with Substance Use Disorders in Their Parents
Authors: Ganiger Fakirappa B. , Bijjal Somashekhar S. , Mugali Jitendra D. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background:
Psychiatric disorders are more prevalent among children with poor academic performance. There is limited literature on the impact of substance use disorders (SUD) in parents on psychiatric symptoms of these children.

Objectives:
(1) To assess the psychiatric disorders in primary school (6–12 years) children with poor academic performance. (2) To assess the prevalence and type of SUD in parents of these children.

Materials and Methods:
A cross-sectional study was conducted on children with poor academic performance. Simple randomization was adopted and 115 children and their parents were included in the study. Mini International Neuropsychiatry Interview-Kid (M.I.N.I. Kid) was used to screen psychiatric symptoms and various scales were used to assess the severity of symptoms. Parents of these children were interviewed for the presence of SUD. The diagnosis was made as per the International Classification of Diseases tenth revision (ICD-10). The association between psychiatric disorders and parental SUD was assessed using Chi-square test.

Results:
The prevalence of psychiatric disorders was 54.78% and most prevalent disorder was emotional disorders with onset specific to childhood with prevalence of 21.74%. Prevalence of SUD among parents of these children was found to be 18.26% and alcohol dependence syndrome (ADS) was more common type (12.17%). There was no significant association between psychiatric disorders in these children and SUD in their parents (χ2-2.93, df-10, P = 2013-.98).

Conclusion:
Emotional disorders with onset specific to childhood are more commonly prevalent psychiatric disorders among children with poor academic performance. A study found no significant association between SUD among parents of these children and psychiatric symptoms.
Pretreatment Thyroid Profile and its Relationship with Response to Treatment with Lithium in Bipolar Mood Disorder: A Longitudinal Study from Northeast India
Authors: Avinash Priya Ranjan , Pathak Kangkan , Saxena Vrinda , Singh Vithika , Mehta Sumit 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background:
The thyroid hormone’s significant impact on the treatment of depressive and other mood disorders is well documented. Even minor hypothyroidism can modify the progression and treatment results of major depressive disorder. This research aims to explore the correlation between initial thyroid levels and the treatment outcome in bipolar mood disorder using lithium, a well-established treatment method.

Methodology:
The study involved 45 bipolar mood disorder patients diagnosed according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual 5 criteria and admitted to a tertiary care teaching institute in Northeast India. The patients received lithium treatment, with injectable lorazepam used for immediate agitation control when necessary. On the 1st day, a semi-structured questionnaire and Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) 24-item scale were used to evaluate symptoms, and samples were collected for a thyroid profile, including T3, T4, FT3, FT4, and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH). The BPRS scale was used again on the 30th day to assess treatment response.

Results:
The BPRS subscale showed the highest treatment response for grandiosity and the lowest for depression. Factors such as age, illness duration, substance use, and family history of mood disorder were inversely correlated with the BPRS score’s decrease. Initial thyroid levels were identified as a predictor of treatment response, with baseline T4 levels showing a significant positive correlation with treatment response, while baseline TSH levels showed a negative correlation.

Conclusion:
Lithium proved to be an effective treatment for bipolar mood disorder, particularly for the manic subtype. Initial T4 and TSH levels were found to significantly predict treatment response, with T4 showing a positive correlation and TSH showing a negative correlation.
Porphyria Presenting with Psychotic Symptoms and Developmental Regression: A Diagnostic Dilemma
Authors: Pillai Sruthi Pradeep , Mathew Kathleen Anne , Jith Arya 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
We report a case of a 12-year-old boy who presented with acute onset of psychotic symptoms and later developed developmental regression and repetitive motor behavior. A number of investigations were done and urine was noted to be positive for porphobilinogen. A diagnosis of acute intermittent porphyria (AIP) was considered. AIP usually presents with abdominal pain, gastrointestinal disturbances, peripheral neuropathy, and psychiatric disturbances. The most common psychiatric symptoms include irritability, depression, anxiety, insomnia, hallucinations, and paranoia or altered consciousness. This case is unique as the only clinical manifestations were psychotic symptoms and developmental regression.
Extended Delirium Treated as Psychosis
Authors: Sawant Neena , Rathod Anuradha D. , Kulkarni Swara , Rupani Karishma 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Delirium is a commonly seen neuropsychiatric disorder that may extend over time, lasting for more than 60 days, thus increasing the risk of cognitive and behavioral outcomes in patients. Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is one of the treatment modalities for behavior control but may be associated with rare complications such as tardive seizure, convulsive status epilepticus, and prolonged postictal confusion. We report a case of acute psychosis who was given consecutive 2 ECTs, after which she developed probable tardive seizure in the recovery period, followed by status epilepticus and extended delirium lasting for more than 2½ months, but was misdiagnosed as psychosis and treated with several antipsychotic medications. As there was no improvement in her condition, she was then transferred to a tertiary center for further management.
Assessment of knowledge, attitude, and practice of blood donation among paramedical students of a medical college in Chennai, Tamil Nadu
Authors: Devi V. Kalpana , Thirumurugan E. , Karthick R. , Indian E. Abisheak , Abinaya G. , Hemalatha R. , Sunil P. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract:

BACKGROUND:
Blood donation is an essential global need far outweighs the available supply, rendering it a scarce and valuable resource. Within India, blood transfusion services hold significant importance and constitute a crucial aspect of the national health-care framework. Voluntary Non-Remunerated Blood Donation (VNRBD) is deemed the safest among the various ways of donating blood. The student population of educational institutions across the country, particularly those who are young and physically fit, represents one of the most promising sources of blood donations. The aim of the study was to evaluate the knowledge, attitudes, and donation practices of medical college students and motivate them to embrace voluntary blood donation as a regular habit.

MATERIAL AND METHODS:
The Department of Allied Health Science at Dr MGR Educational and Research Institute in Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India, conducted a questionnaire survey from March 2023 to October 2023. Two thousand and two hundred forty students were invited to participate, with 2331 ultimately willing to partake. The gathered data underwent analysis using the SPSS Statistics software, version 20, with a significance level fixed at a P = 5%.

RESULTS:
The study included 2331 participants, comprising 840 males (36%) and 1491 females (64%). The age range of the participants was between 17 and 25 years, with a mean age of 18.9 ± 1.3 years. Out of 2331 participants, the majority (66.7%) showed sufficient knowledge with 9 or more correct answers, while the rest (33.2%) showed below-average knowledge.

CONCLUSION:
The Tamil Nadu Health Professions Colleges possess the potential to make a noteworthy impact on the promotion of blood donation. According to a recent survey, students express a keen interest in donating blood if a camp is organized on the campus. By organizing awareness campaigns and conducting informative sessions, the colleges can inspire and motivate more students to donate blood, thereby playing a vital role in saving lives.
Histopathological analysis of skin adnexal tumors: An experience at a tertiary center
Authors: Sahin Gokhan , Koc Sahin Seda 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
Skin appendage tumors (SATs) are benign and malignant neoplasms. Although there are many studies on their clinical features and epidemiology in the literature, most of these studies have a small number of patients and are not classified according to the WHO 2018 classification.

Objectives:
This study aimed to reveal the clinical and histopathological features of the SATs and compare the pre-diagnosis.

Materials and Methods:
Cases diagnosed with SATs in the last 7 years in the Pathology Department were re-evaluated according to the WHO 2018 classification. Patients’ ages and genders, as well as the location and pre-diagnosis of the lesion, were all recorded.

Results:
A total of 437 patients, 198 (45.3%) male and 239 (54.7%) female, were included in the study. Of 437 patients, 399 (91.3%) were diagnosed with benign SATs and 38 (8.7%) were diagnosed with malignant SATs. Most of the cases were benign tumors with follicular differentiation. Malignant SATs were seen in patients significantly older than benign ones. The majority of SATs were in head and neck localization. Mammary Paget’s disease was the most common malignant SAT (n = 14, 36.8% of patients diagnosed with malignant SATs). It was noted that clinicians were less likely to consider a specific diagnosis of SAT before excision.

Conclusion:
SAT, a diagnosis that can be seen at any age and is difficult to predict clinically, may be malignant, especially in elderly patients. Histopathology is the gold standard in diagnosing SATs, and immunohistochemical staining may be useful in diagnosing tumors with uncertain histopathological features.