bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Introduction
Authors: Magaldi Cristina 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This chapter summarizes the main topics of the book and explains their rationale in lieu of existing scholarship. It introduces Rio de Janeiro as a city connected to many other contemporary growing cities, approaching it as much as, or perhaps more so, from the outside in than from within its sociohistorical and cultural contexts The chapter presents the many protagonists that become part of the book’s narrative, the contexts in which they operated, and how they shaped the modern city in conjunction with musicians and audiences from a number of other contemporary cities both near and far. The chapter suggests the use of “cultural cosmopolitanism” as a term with ramifications that go beyond various frameworks already in use in music scholarship to tackle the outcomes of the widespread circulation of music and culture at the turn of the 20th century.
A Tale of Three Anthems
Authors: Magaldi Cristina 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The chapter discusses ways in which music was used to invoke communal participation in the republican cause and posits that both an imperial anthem by Francisco Manuel da Silva and “La Marseillaise” served that purpose. It explores the local discussions about how a new anthem should represent a republican nation and the failed attempt to adopt Leopoldo Miguez’s work as a new anthem for the country. The chapter considers the ramifications of cosmopolitan sociopolitical engagements through singing and listening across geographical distances before the advent of recordings and the radio. It suggests that songs that cross boundaries rely on communal singing and listening, while fostering cross-border musical communities that are both inclusive and exclusive.
Sounds of Urban Worlds
Authors: Magaldi Cristina 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This chapter focuses on the composer Aurélio Cavalcanti. A main figure in Rio de Janeiro’s entertainment venues, he worked as a pianist in salons, dance halls, and movie theater waiting rooms, and as a musical director and conductor of one of the most prestigious movie theater orchestras. Cavalcanti had the experience and creativity to instantly adapt many musics to the fast-moving scenes of silent movies, a skill that he used to write music suggestive of many peoples and places, even if he had never met the people or had never been to the places that his works were set to portray. Cavalcanti wrote waltzes and polkas that became local staples during his time; they had suggestive titles that served to project imaginations of places beyond the city through music. The chapter also traces the arrival and dominance of the cakewalk in Rio de Janeiro and explores how the dance served to articulate both Parisian fashionable trends and African-derived cultures within complex racialized cosmopolitan urban networks.
Conclusion
Authors: Magaldi Cristina 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The Conclusion shows that the inauguration of the Theatro Municipal in 1909 was a crowning event at the closing of the first decade of the 20th century. The project took several years to come to fruition, but when the theater was finally opened, it represented the consolidation of an imagined future that was now concrete but already past. The section shows that chroniclers like João do Rio and Lima Barreto provided different views of the new theater’s role in the new city. Like many similar buildings around the world, the theater’s hermetically closed neoclassical walls were also soundproof to the city outside, which continued to echo an ever-changing musical world soon to be dominated by the sounds of a world war.
Autism and immigration, is there a link? Results from a Manitoba Study
Authors: Ricci M Florencia , Phung Ryan , Zwaigenbaum Lonnie , Hanlon-Dearman Ana , Burns Jessy , Narvey Stefanie , Urquia Marcelo L 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Objectives
To examine a possible association between parental immigration and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in Manitoba, Canada.

Methods
Electronic medical records of children diagnosed with ASD between 2016 and 2021 at Manitoba’s only publicly funded referral site for ASD evaluation in children ≤6 years of age were reviewed. Children born in or outside of Canada whose parents/guardians (one or both) were foreign-born were identified to have ‘immigrant’ parents. The proportion of Manitoba’s immigrant population (including non-permanent residents) was obtained from 2016 to 2021 Census data and compared to the proportion of children diagnosed with ASD who had immigrant parent(s). Descriptive statistics were used to compare the characteristics of children with ASD born to immigrants versus non-immigrant parents.

Results
Among 1858 children diagnosed with ASD during the study period, 669 (36%) had immigrant parents. This proportion was greater than the proportion of immigrants (and non-permanent residents) living in Manitoba in 2016: 243,835/1,278,365 (19%, P &lt; 0.001) and 2021: 291,910/1,342,153 (21.7%, P &lt; 0.001). Those with immigrant parents had a lower rate of family history of ASD (16.3% versus 33.3% P &lt; 0.001), and associated neurologic comorbidities (4.2% versus 6.4% P: 0.047). There were no statistical differences in rates of preterm birth (15.5% versus 12.36 P: 0.152) or use of Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule-2 in diagnostic approach (30.3% versus 33% P: 0.321) between groups.

Conclusions
There is an over-representation of immigrant families among young children diagnosed with ASD in Manitoba. Further studies are needed to understand mechanisms that may play a role in this association.
Development of a mindfulness-based intervention for narcolepsy: a feasibility study
Authors: Mundt Jennifer M , Zee Phyllis C , Schuiling Matthew D , Hakenjos Alec J , Victorson David E , Fox Rina S , Dawson Spencer C , Rogers Ann E , Ong Jason C 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Study Objectives
Mindfulness-based interventions (MBI) have been shown to improve psychosocial functioning in medical populations but have not been studied in narcolepsy. This study examined the feasibility and acceptability of an MBI that was adapted for narcolepsy, including three variations in program length.

Methods
Adults with narcolepsy (N = 60) were randomized to MBI groups of varying durations: brief (4 weeks), standard (8 weeks), or extended (12 weeks). Participants completed assessments at baseline, 4, 8, and 12 weeks. To assess feasibility and acceptability, primary outcomes included attendance, meditation practice, and data completeness. Additionally, participants completed measures of mindfulness, self-compassion, mood, sleep, psychosocial functioning, and cognition. An effect size of Cohen’s d ≥ 0.5 was used as the prespecified benchmark for a minimal clinically important difference (MCID).

Results
The attendance, meditation, and data completeness benchmarks were met by 71.7%, 61.7%, and 78.3% of participants, respectively. Higher proportions of the brief and extended groups met these benchmarks compared to the standard group. All groups met the MCID for mindfulness, self-compassion, self-efficacy for managing emotions, positive psychosocial impact, global mental health, and fatigue. Standard and extended groups met the MCID for anxiety and depression, and extended groups met the MCID for additional measures including social and cognitive functioning, daytime sleepiness, hypersomnia symptoms, and hypersomnia-related functioning.

Conclusions
Results suggest that the remote delivery and data collection methods are feasible to employ in future clinical trials, and it appears that the extended MBI provides the most favorable clinical impact while maintaining attendance and engagement in meditation practice.

Clinical Trial Registration
Awareness and Self-Compassion Enhancing Narcolepsy Treatment (ASCENT), NCT04306952, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04306952
Natural variation in neuraminidase activity influences the evolutionary potential of the seasonal H1N1 lineage hemagglutinin
Authors: Liu Tongyu , Reiser William K , Tan Timothy J C , Lv Huibin , Rivera-Cardona Joel , Heimburger Kyle , Wu Nicholas C , Brooke Christopher B 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The antigenic evolution of the influenza A virus hemagglutinin (HA) gene poses a major challenge for the development of vaccines capable of eliciting long-term protection. Prior efforts to understand the mechanisms that govern viral antigenic evolution mainly focus on HA in isolation, ignoring the fact that HA must act in concert with the viral neuraminidase (NA) during replication and spread. Numerous studies have demonstrated that the degree to which the receptor-binding avidity of HA and receptor-cleaving activity of NA are balanced with each other influences overall viral fitness. We recently showed that changes in NA activity can significantly alter the mutational fitness landscape of HA in the context of a lab-adapted virus strain. Here, we test whether natural variation in relative NA activity can influence the evolutionary potential of HA in the context of the seasonal H1N1 lineage (pdmH1N1) that has circulated in humans since the 2009 pandemic. We observed substantial variation in the relative activities of NA proteins encoded by a panel of H1N1 vaccine strains isolated between 2009 and 2019. We comprehensively assessed the effect of NA background on the HA mutational fitness landscape in the circulating pdmH1N1 lineage using deep mutational scanning and observed pronounced epistasis between NA and residues in or near the receptor-binding site of HA. To determine whether NA variation could influence the antigenic evolution of HA, we performed neutralizing antibody selection experiments using a panel of monoclonal antibodies targeting different HA epitopes. We found that the specific antibody escape profiles of HA were highly contingent upon NA background. Overall, our results indicate that natural variation in NA activity plays a significant role in governing the evolutionary potential of HA in the currently circulating pdmH1N1 lineage.
Plant-Guided Microbiome Selection Produces Transient Effects on Insect Performance and Rhizosphere Community Assembly
Authors: Enders Laramy , French Elizabeth , Kjeldgaard MacKenzie , Tronson Emily , Kaplan Ian 
Published: June 2024

Microbial communities are essential for plant health, but using these relationships to enhance growth and pest protection is challenging. Leveraging the natural mechanisms plants employ to manage relationships with microbes is one promising means to selectively engineer whole microbial communities with beneficial properties. This approach, known as host-guided selection, has been successful in some model species targeting performance traits (e.g., biomass). However, few studies use crop plants or focus on defensive traits (e.g., pest resistance). Our goal was to naturally engineer tomato root-associated microbiomes that increase resistance to insect pests. First, we used an iterative soil microbial inoculation process to engineer insect-suppressive rhizosphere soil microbiomes that reduce damage from aphid feeding ( Macrosiphum euphorbiae) or caterpillar defoliation ( Manduca sexta, Spodoptera exigua). We then characterized the bacterial and fungal microbial communities of soils associated with differences in insect performance using metabarcoding approaches. Overall, soil microbiome selection produced transient differences in aphid performance, but caterpillar growth was unaffected. In four of nine generations, the aphid population growth rate was significantly lower on plants with rhizospheres selected for “low” insect performance, where abundance was reduced by up to 20%. Correspondingly minor shifts in fungal and bacterial relative abundance occurred in insect-suppressive communities. However, network analysis indicated that aphid feeding disrupted rhizosphere microbiome assembly, resulting in lower community complexity and connectivity and fewer structurally important taxa compared with uninfested controls. Overall, our results highlight critical factors for successful engineering of beneficial microbiomes, particularly insect feeding guild and microbial community stability.
School Readiness Predictors of Early Academic Achievement in Children Born Very Preterm
Authors: Taylor H. Gerry , Benkart Rebekah A. , Vrantsidis Daphne M. , Quach Jessica , Busch Tyler A. , Horn Timothy , Neel Mary Lauren , Maitre Nathalie L. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract:

Objective:
This study examined associations of school readiness measures obtained before school entry with academic achievement at early school age in children born very preterm (VPT, gestational age ≤ 30 weeks) and children born full term (FT, GA ≥ 37 weeks).

Method:
The sample included 38 children born VPT and 30 born FT recruited at age 4 years and followed to early school age. Measures of readiness included tests of global cognition, executive function, motor abilities, and preacademic skills, as well as caregiver behavior ratings. Tests of math, reading, and spelling were administered to assess school-age achievement. Analyses that controlled for socioeconomic status and accounted for inclusion of siblings compared the groups on the achievement tests and identified measures of readiness related to school-age achievement.

Results:
Achievement difficulties were more pronounced in the VPT group and associated with problems in multiple readiness domains. Effect sizes for these associations were largest for measures of spatial ability, executive function, and preacademic skills. Some associations remained significant when controlling for global cognitive ability at age 4 years, and others were significant only for the VPT group.

Conclusion:
Findings suggest that deficits on tests in multiple readiness domains assessed before school entry in children born VPT or FT are associated with early school-age achievement. The most pronounced readiness deficits in the VPT group at age 4 years were also among those most closely associated with later difficulties in achievement. Further research is needed to refine assessment of school readiness in children born VPT.
Understanding the Mechanical Forces on the Sacrum Can Help Optimize Flap-based Pilonidal Sinus Reconstruction
Authors: Kaneyuku Shintaro , Dohi Teruyuki , Hammoudeh Diya′ S. , Eura Shigeyoshi , Kurokawa Yuta , Ogawa Rei 
Published: June 2024

Background:
Pilonidal sinus can be treated with excision and flap reconstruction, but treatment is often complicated by wound dehiscence, infection, and recurrence. Understanding the mechanical forces on the sacrococcygeal area during posture change could help guide optimal flap choice.

Methods:
Sixteen volunteers underwent measurements of skin-stretching, pressure, and shear stress on the sacrum when sitting relative to standing. Skin-stretching was measured by drawing a 4 × 4 cm square on the sacrum and measuring the vertical, horizontal, and diagonal axes. Pressure and shear stress was measured at six sacral points with a device. The data analysis highlighted the potential of the superior gluteal artery perforator (SGAP) flap for dissipating mechanical forces. Ten pilonidal sinus cases treated with SGAP flaps were retrospectively reviewed for 6-month outcomes.

Results:
Sitting is associated with high stretching tension in the horizontal direction [estimated marginal mean (95% confidence intervals) = 17.3% (15.4%–22.6%)]. The lower sacrum experienced the highest pressure [106.6 (96.6–116.5) mm Hg] and shear stress [11.6 (9.7–13.5) N] during sitting. The transposed SGAP flap was deemed to be optimal for releasing the horizontal tension and providing sufficient subcutaneous tissue for ameliorating pressure/shear stress during sitting. It also has high blood flow and can therefore be used with large lesions. Moreover, its donor site is above the high-pressure/stress lower sacrum. Retrospective analysis showed that no patients experienced complications.

Conclusions:
Sitting is associated with high mechanical forces on the sacrococcygeal skin. The transposed SGAP flap may ameliorate these forces and thereby reduce the risk of complications of pilonidal sinus reconstruction for large defects.
Association Between Cardiovascular Health and Cirrhosis and Mortality
Authors: Yu Ziqing , Yan Xuemin , Bai Xiaoyin , Ruan Gechong , Han Wei , Shu Huijun , Yang Hong 
Published: June 2024

Goal:
We aim to explore the relationship between the newly introduced CVH indicator “Life’s Essential 8 (LE8)” and cirrhosis.

Background:
The global burden of cirrhosis is increasing, with a rising number of deaths, leading to significant societal and economic challenges. Cardiovascular health (CVH) has been found to have potential associations with liver diseases.

Materials and Methods:
All participants aged 20 and older from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2005 to 2018 were included. CVH was accessed by LE8, consisting of 4 health behaviors (diet, physical activity, nicotine exposure, and sleep health) and 4 health factors (body mass index, lipid levels, blood sugar, and blood pressure). Cirrhosis was determined based on abnormal liver function test results, with an aspartate aminotransferase to platelet ratio index >2. Participants’ mortality status was obtained by matching with the National Death Index and all-cause mortality served as the follow-up endpoint.

Results:
This extensive cross-sectional study reveals that LE8 was not associated with cirrhosis. A higher health behaviors score was associated with lower cirrhosis. Moreover, there is an inverse U-shaped relationship between the LE8 score and all-cause mortality in participants with cirrhosis, signifying a decrease in all-cause mortality when LE8 surpasses 60. A greater health behaviors score is linked to a decreased proportion of all-cause mortality in cirrhosis patients.

Conclusion:
Maintaining better health behaviors may be beneficial for cirrhosis, especially through a balanced diet, regular exercise, smoking cessation, and quality sleep.
Orthotist involvement in early gait rehabilitation after stroke: A cross-sectional survey of orthotists in the United Kingdom
Authors: Golding-Day Miriam , Young Joshua , Charlton Paul , Houston Brian , Thomas Shirley , Walker Marion 
Published: June 2024

Background:
The role of the orthotist in early gait rehabilitation after stroke in the United Kingdom is currently poorly understood.

Objectives:
The objective of this study was to capture current opinion and practice of orthotists on their role in early stroke gait rehabilitation in the United Kingdom.

Methods:
An anonymous web-based cross-sectional survey was developed and distributed to Health and Care Professions Council–registered orthotists by the mailing list of the British Association of Prosthetists and Orthotists professional body in the United Kingdom. Survey items were multiple-choice, Likert scale, or open-ended questions to explore the experiences and opinions of orthotists in early poststroke gait rehabilitation.

Results:
Responses were received from 56 participants. Orthotists reported having regular contact with patients who had a stroke within their usual clinical caseload. Multidisciplinary care was not typical with 46% respondents “rarely” seeing patients who had a stroke in joint assessment with another clinician. Confidence in managing lower limb gait difficulties was high, with 89% of orthotists feeling able to recommend a lower limb orthotic treatment. Ninety-eight percent (n = 55) of respondents agreed that orthotic assessment should be an essential element of gait re-education after stroke; however, orthotists reported limited involvement within early stroke rehabilitation.

Conclusion:
UK orthotists surveyed in this study report that orthotic treatment is an important aspect of early gait rehabilitation after stroke. Respondents report barriers to multidisciplinary working, which may affect outcomes in this patient group.
The catalyst of change in small and micro enterprises: how intellectual capital uses dynamic capabilities to foster innovation
Authors: Hu Yelin , Liu Meiyu , Li Haiyan 
Published: June 2024

PurposeThis study explores the relationship between intellectual capital and innovation in small and micro enterprises (SMEs) and analyses the mediating effect of dynamic ability on this relationship.Design/methodology/approachThis study used a questionnaire survey to obtain research data on intellectual capital and innovation in 290 SMEs in the Jiangsu and Shandong provinces of China. The impact of intellectual capital on the innovation of SMEs is tested using hierarchical regression analysis in SPSS 22.0. The effect of intellectual capital on the innovation of these enterprises was examined using the SPSS PROCESS macro version 3.3.FindingsThe findings reveal that intellectual capital not only directly promotes innovation inputs, patent applications, and innovation income but also indirectly fosters innovation by enhancing dynamic capabilities.Originality/valueThis study not only deepens the understanding of intellectual capital and its role in SME innovation but also further elucidates the intermediary role of dynamic capabilities and the differences in the impact of various dimensions of intellectual capital on innovation. Theoretically, it provides new evidence for the application of intellectual capital theory in the field of innovation research. Practically, it provides empirical evidence to further harness the role of intellectual capital in driving innovation in SMEs.
The treatment effect of endovascular therapy for chronic limb‐threatening ischemia with systemic sclerosis
Authors: Matsuda Yoshihiro , Miyake Tomoko , Toda Hironobu , Tachibana Kota , Nomura Hayato , Hirai Yoji , Kawakami Yoshio , Sakoda Naoya , Morizane Shin 
Published: June 2024

AbstractSystemic sclerosis (SSc) is a collagen disease with immune abnormalities, vasculopathy, and fibrosis. Ca blockers and prostaglandins are used to treat peripheral circulatory disturbances. Chronic limb‐threatening ischemia (CLTI) is a disease characterized by extremity ulcers, necrosis, and pain due to limb ischemia. Since only a few patients present with coexistence of CLTI and SSc, the treatment outcomes of revascularization in these cases are unknown. In this study, we evaluated the clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes of seven patients with CLTI and SSc, and 35 patients with uncomplicated CLTI who were hospitalized from 2012 to 2022. A higher proportion of patients with uncomplicated CLTI had diabetes and male. There were no significant differences in the age at which ischemic ulceration occurred, other comorbidities, or in treatments, including antimicrobial agents, revascularization and amputation, improvement of pain, and the survival time from ulcer onset between the two subgroups. EVT or amputation was performed in six or two of the seven patients with CLTI and SSc, respectively. Among those who underwent EVT, 33% (2/6) achieved epithelialization and 67% (4/6) experienced pain relief. These results suggest that the revascularization in cases with CLTI and SSc should consider factors such as infection and general condition, since revascularization improve the pain of these patients.