bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Titanium dioxide nanoparticles alleviates polystyrene nanoplastics induced growth inhibition by modulating carbon and nitrogen metabolism via melatonin signaling in maize
Authors: Yang Xiaoxiao , Feng Ke , Wang Guo , Zhang Shifang , Zhao Juan , Yuan Xiangyang , Ren Jianhong 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
Nanoplastics, are emerging pollutants, present a potential hazard to food security and human health. Titanium dioxide nanoparticles (Nano-TiO2), serving as nano-fertilizer in agriculture, may be important in alleviating polystyrene nanoplastics (PSNPs) toxicity.

Results
Here, we performed transcriptomic, metabolomic and physiological analyzes to identify the role of Nano-TiO2 in regulating the metabolic processes in PSNPs-stressed maize seedlings (Zea mays L.). The growth inhibition by PSNPs stress was partially relieved by Nano-TiO2. Furthermore, when considering the outcomes obtained from RNA-seq, enzyme activity, and metabolite content analyses, it becomes evident that Nano-TiO2 significantly enhance carbon and nitrogen metabolism levels in plants. In comparison to plants that were not subjected to Nano-TiO2, plants exposed to Nano-TiO2 exhibited enhanced capabilities in maintaining higher rates of photosynthesis, sucrose synthesis, nitrogen assimilation, and protein synthesis under stressful conditions. Meanwhile, Nano-TiO2 alleviated the oxidative damage by modulating the antioxidant systems. Interestingly, we also found that Nano-TiO2 significantly enhanced the endogenous melatonin levels in maize seedlings. P-chlorophenylalanine (p-CPA, a melatonin synthesis inhibitor) declined Nano-TiO2-induced PSNPs tolerance.

Conclusions
Taken together, our data show that melatonin is involved in Nano-TiO2-induced growth promotion in maize through the regulation of carbon and nitrogen metabolism.

Graphical Abstract
Revealing the pathogenesis of gastric intestinal metaplasia based on the mucosoid air-liquid interface
Authors: Liu Simeng , Wen Huijuan , Li Fazhan , Xue Xia , Sun Xiangdong , Li Fuhao , Hu Ruoyu , Xi Huayuan , Boccellato Francesco , Meyer Thomas F , Mi Yang , Zheng Pengyuan 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
Gastric intestinal metaplasia (GIM) is an essential precancerous lesion. Although the reversal of GIM is challenging, it potentially brings a state-to-art strategy for gastric cancer therapeutics (GC). The lack of the appropriate in vitro model limits studies of GIM pathogenesis, which is the issue this work aims to address for further studies.

Method
The air-liquid interface (ALI) model was adopted for the long-term culture of GIM cells in the present work. This study conducted Immunofluorescence (IF), quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), transcriptomic sequencing, and mucoproteomic sequencing (MS) techniques to identify the pathways for differential expressed genes (DEGs) enrichment among different groups, furthermore, to verify novel biomarkers of GIM cells.

Result
Our study suggests that GIM-ALI model is analog to the innate GIM cells, which thus can be used for mucus collection and drug screening. We found genes MUC17, CDA, TRIM15, TBX3, FLVCR2, ONECUT2, ACY3, NMUR2, and MAL2 were highly expressed in GIM cells, while GLDN, SLC5A5, MAL, and MALAT1 showed down-regulated, which can be used as potential biomarkers for GIM cells. In parallel, these genes that highly expressed in GIM samples were mainly involved in cancer-related pathways, such as the MAPK signal pathway and oxidative phosphorylation signal pathway.

Conclusion
The ALI model is validated for the first time for the in vitro study of GIM. GIM-ALI model is a novel in vitro model that can mimic the tissue micro-environment in GIM patients and further provide an avenue for studying the characteristics of GIM mucus. Our study identified new markers of GIM as well as pathways associated with GIM, which provides outstanding insight for exploring GIM pathogenesis and potentially other related conditions.
Unravelling the clinical heterogeneity of undefined recurrent fever over time in the European registries on Autoinflammation
Authors: Vyzhga Y. , Wittkowski H. , Hentgen V. , Georgin-Lavialle S. , Theodoropoulou A. , Fuehner S. , Jesenak M. , Frenkel J. , Papadopoulou-Alataki E. , Anton Jordi , Olivieri A. Nunzia , Brunner J. , Sanchez J. , Koné-Paut I. , Fingerhutova S. , Pillet P. , Meinzer U. , Khubchandani R. , Jansson A. , Haas J.-P. , Berendes R. , Kallinich T. , Horneff G. , Lilienthal E. , Papa R. , Foell D. , Lainka E. , Caorsi R. , Gattorno M. , Hofer M. ,   AID-Net JIRcohortEurofever/PRINTO
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
Systemic autoinflammatory disorders (SAIDs) represent a growing spectrum of diseases characterized by dysregulation of the innate immune system. The most common pediatric autoinflammatory fever syndrome, Periodic Fever, Aphthous Stomatitis, Pharyngitis, Adenitis (PFAPA), has well defined clinical diagnostic criteria, but there is a subset of patients who do not meet these criteria and are classified as undefined autoinflammatory diseases (uAID). This project, endorsed by PRES, supported by the EMERGE fellowship program, aimed to analyze the evolution of symptoms in recurrent fevers without molecular diagnosis in the context of undifferentiated AIDs, focusing on PFAPA and syndrome of undifferentiated recurrent fever (SURF), using data from European AID registries.

Methods
Data of patients with PFAPA, SURF and uSAID were collected from 3 registries including detailed epidemiological, demographic and clinical data, results of the genetic testing and additional laboratory investigations with retrospective application of the modified Marshall and PRINTO/Eurofever classification criteria on the cohort of PFAPA patients and preliminary SURF criteria on uSAID/SURF patients.

Results
Clinical presentation of PFAPA is variable and some patients did not fit the conventional PFAPA criteria and exhibit different symptoms. Some patients did not meet the criteria for either PFAPA or SURF, highlighting the heterogeneity within these groups. The study also explored potential overlaps between PFAPA and SURF/uAID, revealing that some patients exhibited symptoms characteristic of both conditions, emphasizing the need for more precise classification criteria.

Conclusions
Patients with recurrent fevers without molecular diagnoses represent a clinically heterogeneous group. Improved classification criteria are needed for both PFAPA and SURF/uAID to accurately identify and manage these patients, ultimately improving clinical outcomes.
Direct transmission of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus from farm-raised fur animals to workers in Weihai, China
Authors: Li Jizhao , Wang Chunping , Li Xiang , Zhang Guoying , Sun Shunzeng , Wang Zhefeng , Zhao Jian , Xiu Linqing , Jiang Nianchen , Zhang Huajiang , Yang Zhenghui , Zhang Jinbo 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is an emerging infectious disease. SFTS virus (SFTSV) is transmitted by tick bites and contact with the blood or body fluids of SFTS patients. Animal-to-human transmission of SFTS has been reported in Japan, but not in China. In this study, the possible transmission route of two patients who fed and cared for farm-raised fur animals in a mink farm was explored.

Method
An epidemiological investigation and a genetic analysis of patients, animals and working environment were carried out.

Results
It was found that two patients had not been bitten by ticks and had no contact with patients infected with SFTS virus, but both of them had skinned the dying animals. 54.55% (12/22) of the farm workers were positive for SFTS virus antibody. By analyzing the large, medium and small segments sequences, the viral sequences from the two patients, animals and environments showed 99.9% homology.

Conclusion
It is suspected that the two patients may be directly infected by farm-raised animals, and that the virus may have been transmitted by aerosols when skinning dying animals. Transmission by direct blood contacts or animal bites cannot be ignored.
How effective are interventions to reduce attacks on people from large carnivores? A systematic review protocol
Authors: Eklund Ann , Frank Jens , Bao José Vicente López 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
Instances of attacks from large carnivores that lead to human injury or death are increasingly reported worldwide. Ensuring human safety when people and carnivores co-occur is central to minimizing human suffering but is also essential to support sustainable carnivore conservation. Various interventions are available intended to alter either the behavior of large carnivores or people, in order to reduce the likelihood of a risky encounter and an attack. Collated evidence on best practices is still lacking, and this protocol outlines a systematic review of evidence for intervention effectiveness to reduce the risk or severity of direct attacks on humans by large carnivores. Specifically, the review seeks to answer the question: How effective are evaluated interventions in reducing large carnivore attacks on people?

Methods
The bibliographic databases Zoological Record, BIOSIS Citation Index, and Scopus will be searched using a predefined search string. Grey literature will be requested through professional networks, contacts with relevant organizations, and searching selected websites. All returned titles and abstracts will be manually screened using Rayyan.ai. For inclusion, studies should describe the Population, Intervention, Comparator, and Outcome (PICO) of the review research question and be written in English, Spanish, or Swedish. Review papers will be excluded. All records of data coding and extraction are documented in a purposely developed, and priorly piloted, data sheet. Critical appraisal of study validity will be done according to the Collaboration for Environmental Evidence Critical Appraisal Tool prototype version 0.3. Review outcomes will be synthesized in a narrative, and if possible, a quantitative synthesis. The narrative synthesis will describe in text the carnivore population (species, location), context (target object, intervention model), as well as the design and reported results of each study. The quantitative synthesis will include a summary statistic, preferably logarithmic risk ratio, calculated for each original study. A forest plot will be created to visualize study outcomes, as well as judgments of critical appraisal. Provided that enough data is available and that it complies with its assumptions, a meta-regression analysis will be undertaken using metafor package for R software.
IDH1 mutation produces R-2-hydroxyglutarate (R-2HG) and induces mir-182-5p expression to regulate cell cycle and tumor formation in glioma
Authors: Zhao Haiting , Meng Li , Du Peng , Liao Xinbin , Mo Xin , Gong Mengqi , Chen Jiaxin , Liao Yiwei 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
Mutations in isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 and 2 (IDH1 and IDH2), are present in most gliomas. IDH1 mutation is an important prognostic marker in glioma. However, its regulatory mechanism in glioma remains incompletely understood.

Results
miR-182-5p expression was increased within IDH1-mutant glioma specimens according to TCGA, CGGA, and online dataset GSE119740, as well as collected clinical samples. (R)-2-hydroxyglutarate ((R)-2HG) treatment up-regulated the expression of miR-182-5p, enhanced glioma cell proliferation, and suppressed apoptosis; miR-182-5p inhibition partially eliminated the oncogenic effects of R-2HG upon glioma cells. By direct binding to Cyclin Dependent Kinase Inhibitor 2 C (CDKN2C) 3’UTR, miR-182-5p inhibited CDKN2C expression. Regarding cellular functions, CDKN2C knockdown promoted R-2HG-treated glioma cell viability, suppressed apoptosis, and relieved cell cycle arrest. Furthermore, CDKN2C knockdown partially attenuated the effects of miR-182-5p inhibition on cell phenotypes. Moreover, CDKN2C knockdown exerted opposite effects on cell cycle check point and apoptosis markers to those of miR-182-5p inhibition; also, CDKN2C knockdown partially attenuated the functions of miR-182-5p inhibition in cell cycle check point and apoptosis markers. The engineered CS-NPs (antagomir-182-5p) effectively encapsulated and delivered antagomir-182-5p, enhancing anti-tumor efficacy in vivo, indicating the therapeutic potential of CS-NPs(antagomir-182-5p) in targeting the miR-182-5p/CDKN2C axis against R-2HG-driven oncogenesis in mice models.

Conclusions
These insights highlight the potential of CS-NPs(antagomir-182-5p) to target the miR-182-5p/CDKN2C axis, offering a promising therapeutic avenue against R-2HG’s oncogenic influence to glioma.
Predicting the short and long term effects of food price inflation, armed conflicts, and climate variability on global acute malnutrition in Somalia
Authors: Mohamed Jama , Abdi Mukhtar Jibril , Mohamed Ahmed Ismail , Muhumed Mohamed Aden , Abdeeq Barkhad Aden , Abdi Abdinasir Ali , Abdilahi Mohamed Mussa , Ali Dahir Abdi 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
Malnutrition poses a substantial challenge in Somalia, impacting approximately 1.8 million children. This critical issue is exacerbated by a multifaceted interplay of factors. Consequently, this study seeks to examine the long-term and short-term effects of armed conflicts, food price inflation, and climate variability on global acute malnutrition in Somalia.

Methods
The study utilized secondary data spanning from January 2015 to December 2022, sourced from relevant databases. Two distinct analytical approaches were employed to comprehensively investigate the dynamics of global acute malnutrition in Somalia. Firstly, dynamic autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) simulations were applied, allowing for a nuanced understanding of the short and long-term effects of armed conflicts, food price inflation, and climate variability on malnutrition. Additionally, the study employed kernel-based regularized least squares, a sophisticated statistical technique, to further enhance the robustness of the findings. The analysis was conducted using STATA version 17.

Results
In the short run, armed conflicts and food price inflation exhibit positive associations with global acute malnutrition, particularly in conflict-prone areas and during inflationary periods. Moreover, climatic variables, specifically temperature and rainfall, demonstrate positive associations. It is important to note that temperature lacks a statistically significant relationship with global acute malnutrition in the short run. In the long run, armed conflicts and food price inflation maintain persistent impacts on global acute malnutrition, as confirmed by the dynamic ARDL simulations model. Furthermore, both temperature and rainfall continue to show positive associations with global acute malnutrition, but it is worth noting that temperature still exhibits a non-significant relationship. The results from kernel-based regularized least squares were consistent, further enhancing the robustness of the findings.

Conclusions
Increased armed conflicts, food price inflation, temperature, and rainfall were associated with increased global acute malnutrition. Strategies such as stabilizing conflict-prone regions, diplomatic interventions, and peace-building initiatives are crucial, along with measures to control food price inflation. Implementing climate adaptation strategies is vital to counter temperature changes and fluctuating rainfall patterns, emphasizing the need for resilience-building. Policymakers and humanitarian organizations can leverage these insights to design targeted interventions, focusing on conflict resolution, food security, and climate resilience to enhance Somalia's overall nutritional well-being.
Chartering policies and operational efficiency of shipping lines: exploring strategic changes in response to the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: D’agostini Enrico , Jo Sohyun , Attard Maria 
Published: May 2024

AbstractShipping is a highly cyclical, volatile, and unpredictable industry. In recent history, economic shocks like the COVID-19 pandemic have heavily disrupted supply chains and tested the resilience and adaptability of shipping lines from both operational and financial perspectives. Therefore, the commercial success of shipping lines is increasingly determined by an optimal balance between reliable logistics operations and financial performance. Given this, chartering strategies of shipping lines are pivotal in achieving fleet optimisation and financial sustainability. Using a Mann–Whitney U test and a data envelopment analysis (DEA), this study provides a view on chartering strategies and efficiency levels of shipping lines in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. The findings reveal that chartering strategies have changed considerably since 2020 and that most shipping lines have pursued a peculiar strategy with a different mix in terms of chartered vessels’ size, age, and period of charter. Shipping lines which showed the most marked differences in chartering strategies also yielded higher efficiency scores under DEA, whereas those that did not sustain large changes scored lower in terms of efficiency. This study provides significant insights on and managerial guidance for understanding and benchmarking chartering strategies and their impact on efficiency gains.
Decellularization and enzymatic preconditioning of bovine uterus for improved recellularization
Authors: Sehic Edina , de Miguel-Gómez Lucía , Thorén Emy , Sameus Johan , Bäckdahl Henrik , Oltean Mihai , Brännström Mats , Hellström Mats 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
Uterus tissue engineering aims to repair a dysfunctional uterus that causes infertility, e.g., after significant scarring from benign or malign resection procedures. Decellularized uterine tissue provided regenerative support in several animal models as a biocompatible natural extracellular matrix (ECM) derived scaffold after uterine damage. However, variations in decellularization protocols and species used limit conclusive evidence and translational progress. Hence, a species-independent decellularization protocol could facilitate preclinical research. Therefore, we investigated if our developed sheep uterus decellularization protocol was species-independent and effective for the significantly larger bovine uterus. We further assessed if there were any negative post transplantation immunological consequences from the metalloproteinases 2 and 9 (MMP 2, MMP 9) treatment that was used as a preconditioning treatment to significantly improve scaffold recellularization after decellularization.

Methods
Bovine uterus was decellularized using sodium deoxycholate, and the remaining ECM was quantitatively assessed for DNA, protein, and ECM components. The morphology and physical attributes were examined by immunohistochemistry, electron microscopy, and mechanical tests. Scaffold biocompatibility, bioactivity, and angiogenic properties were assessed with the chorioallantoic membrane assay (CAM) and the immune response following transplantation of MMP treated scaffolds was compared with untreated scaffolds in a rat model. The in vitro recellularization efficiency of the scaffolds was also assessed.

Results
The decellularization protocol was effective for bovine uterus. The MMP treatment did not negatively affect scaffold immunogenicity in vivo, while the treatment potentiated mesenchymal stem cell recellularization in vitro. Furthermore, the decellularization protocol generated biocompatible and angiogenic uterine scaffolds.

Conclusion
Bovine uterus was successfully decellularized using previously established protocols. These results confirm earlier findings in the sheep model and further indicate that MMP treatment may be beneficial. The results further conclude the development of a species-independent, reproducible, and biocompatible scaffold generation protocol that can provide an important element for successful translational research.
Fire history in the serpentine‑soil Spanish firs of Sierra Bermeja
Authors: Gómez-Zotano José , Pardo-Martínez Rubén , Olmedo-Cobo José Antonio , Martos-Martín Javier 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
Abies pinsapo Clemente ex Boiss. is a species classified as endangered and currently occupies a very small and fragmented area of distribution in the southwest of the Baetic System. The uniqueness of these relict forests has motivated their study from different perspectives: phytogeography, faunal and floristic communities or biotic and abiotic risks. However, the paleoecological characterisation of this fir is still clearly deficient. Consequently, there is hardly any information on the impact that fire has had on this conifer during the Holocene nor the real effect that this disturbance has had on the Spanish fir in recent decades. To fill this knowledge gap, the present research uses the pedoanthracological network developed over the last 10 years in Sierra Bermeja, one of the natural habitats of the Spanish fir forest most affected by fire. This discipline is based on the analysis of the charcoals present in the natural soils, which are an unexplored resource and particularly useful for the reconstruction of paleo-fires and the knowledge of the dynamics of the vegetation. This paleoecological approach has also been complemented by the mapping of recent forest fires. Both approaches constitute the methodological body of this study.

Results
The identification of Abies charcoal in places where this taxon is not present today supports the idea that the Spanish fir was more widely distributed in the past. Likewise, the available dates (between 9931−9616 and 294−102 years cal BP) have revealed the existence of up to 28 events of forest fires that have affected the Spanish fir during the Holocene. The recurrence of fire could have caused its local extinction in the Sierra Palmitera. This reduction of the distribution area of the Spanish fir as a consequence of fire, as can be inferred from the cartography carried out, has been particularly intense during the last few decades, with almost 4500 fir trees affected.

Conclusions
Results report on the important role played by fire in the dynamics of the serpentine-soil Spanish firs of Sierra Bermeja from the Last Glacial Maximum to the present day. This is a phenomenon that has intensified in recent decades, affecting the Spanish fir in a very worrying way. Consequently, we insist on the need to include the whole of Sierra Bermeja in the Spanish National Park Network to help ensure effective protection for the most important serpentine-tolerant ecosystem in Spain.
Evaluation of antioxidant activity in different Egyptian barley cultivars: an in vitro and in silico study
Authors: Eid Omneya , Ezzat Shahira , Elkady Wafaa M. , El Sayed Abeer , Abd el-sattar Essam 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
Cereals have historically played a crucial role in the human diet, serving as a significant natural source of energy and offering various health benefits. Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) has been given significant attention in recent years due to its exceptional nutritional value, surpassing that of other cereals. The objective of this research is to evaluate the antioxidant activity of various solvent extracts obtained from three different barley cultivars.

Results
The G.136 variety's acetone extract exhibited the highest level of antioxidant activity in both the DPPH assay, with an IC50 of 55.62 µg/ml, and the FRAP assay, with 447 μM trolox/mg extract. The dominant compounds identified before in the acetone fraction were subjected to an evaluation of their docking scores, along with an assessment of ADMET (Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, Excretion, and Toxicity) and TOPKAT (Toxicity Prediction by Komputer Assisted Technology) studies. Notably, hordatine A1, prodelphinidin B3, hordatine B1, procyanidin B2, and isovitexin 7-O-glucoside were the major compounds with the highest LipDock scores compared to trolox the reference drug with polyphenol oxidase.

Conclusions
The findings indicate that the acetone extract from all three cultivars demonstrates noteworthy results, surpassing the efficacy of other solvent extracts against the antioxidant activity.