bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Role of positron emission tomography-computed tomography in bronchial mucoepidermoid carcinomas: a case series and review of the literature
Authors: Jindal Tarun , Kumar Arvind , Kumar Rakesh , Dutta Roman , Meena Monika 
Published: August 2010

Abstract

Introduction
Mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the tracheobronchial tree is rare. Such tumors usually present with signs and symptoms of bronchial obstruction. Histologically, they can be classified as high-grade or low-grade tumors. Experience of imaging these tumors with 18fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography-computed tomography (18F-FDG PET-CT) is limited. We present three cases of this rare tumor, describe the functional imaging results, and review the available literature.

Case presentation
Three Caucasian patients, two men (21 and 24 years of age) and one woman (14 years of age), with bronchial masses were evaluated by us. All three patients were symptomatic, and underwent a thorough clinical examination, bronchoscopy and biopsy, plain computed tomography, 18F-FDG PET-CT and 68Gallium 1,4,7,10-Tetraazacyclododecane-NI,NII,NIII,NIIII,- tetra acetic acid (D) - Phel1-Tyr3-octreotide positron emission tomography-computed tomography (68Ga-DOTATOC PET-CT). 18F-FDG PET-CT revealed mild uptake in all three patients, whereas 68Ga-DOTATOC PET-CT revealed no significant uptake in any patient, making carcinoid tumor unlikely. Results of histopathological examination were consistent with low-grade mucoepidermoid carcinoma in all patients.

Conclusion
Our study reveals that functional imaging may be helpful in the initial investigation of patients with mucoepidermoid carcinoma. 18F-FDG PET-CT may have a prognostic relevance by predicting the histopathologic differentiation of the tumor.
Gene-knockdown in the honey bee mite Varroa destructor by a non-invasive approach: studies on a glutathione S-transferase
Authors: Campbell Ewan M , Budge Giles E , Bowman Alan S 
Published: August 2010

Abstract

Background
The parasitic mite Varroa destructor is considered the major pest of the European honey bee (Apis mellifera) and responsible for declines in honey bee populations worldwide. Exploiting the full potential of gene sequences becoming available for V. destructor requires adaptation of modern molecular biology approaches to this non-model organism. Using a mu-class glutathione S-transferase (Vd GST-mu1) as a candidate gene we investigated the feasibility of gene knockdown in V. destructor by double-stranded RNA-interference (dsRNAi).

Results
Intra-haemocoelic injection of dsRNA-Vd GST-mu1 resulted in 97% reduction in Vd GST-mu1 transcript levels 48 h post-injection compared to mites injected with a bolus of irrelevant dsRNA (LacZ). This gene suppression was maintained to, at least, 72 h. Total GST catalytic activity was reduced by 54% in Vd GST-mu1 gene knockdown mites demonstrating the knockdown was effective at the translation step as well as the transcription steps. Although near total gene knockdown was achieved by intra-haemocoelic injection, only half of such treated mites survived this traumatic method of dsRNA administration and less invasive methods were assessed. V. destructor immersed overnight in 0.9% NaCl solution containing dsRNA exhibited excellent reduction in Vd GST-mu1 transcript levels (87% compared to mites immersed in dsRNA-LacZ). Importantly, mites undergoing the immersion approach had greatly improved survival (75-80%) over 72 h, approaching that of mites not undergoing any treatment.

Conclusions
Our findings on V. destructor are the first report of gene knockdown in any mite species and demonstrate that the small size of such organisms is not a major impediment to applying gene knockdown approaches to the study of such parasitic pests. The immersion in dsRNA solution method provides an easy, inexpensive, relatively high throughput method of gene silencing suitable for studies in V. destructor, other small mites and immature stages of ticks.
Oncogenic role of the chromobox protein CBX7 in gastric cancer
Authors: Zhang Xiao-Wei , Zhang Li , Qin Wei , Yao Xiao-Hong , Zheng Lei-Zhen , Liu Xin , Li Jin , Guo Wei-Jian 
Published: August 2010

Abstract

Background
Chromobox 7 (CBX7) is a Polycomb family protein that extends the lifespan of normal human cells via downregulating the expression of INK4a/ARF tumor suppressor locus. It was found that CBX7 expression was upregulated in lymphoma, but downregulated in some other human malignancies. The role of CBX7 in most types of cancer is still not clear. The purpose of this study is to investigate the role of CBX7 in gastric cancer.

Methods
The expression of CBX7 and its potential target protein p16(INK4a) in gastric cancer cell lines and gastric tumors was assayed by Western blot analysis and immunohistochemistry(IHC). The correlations between CBX7 expression and p16(INK4a), clinicopathological characteristics, and prognosis were analyzed. Gastric cancer cell line SGC-7901 was transfected with CBX7 siRNA expressing plasmids, and the expression of various proteins was analyzed by Western blot analysis. Cellular senescence, anchorage independent growth, and cell migration assays were performed to determine the functional role of CBX7 in gastric cancer cells.

Results
CBX7 was found to be overexpressed in gastric cancer cell lines and gastric tumors. Overexpression of CBX7 in gastric cancer tissues correlated with patients' age, clinical stage and lymph node metastasis. Knockdown of CBX7 expression in gastric cancer cells led to increased cellular senescence, decreased cellular proliferation and migration ability, accompanied by upregulation of p16(INK4a).

Conclusions
CBX7 acts as an oncogene in the carcinogenesis and progression of gastric cancer, and it may regulate tumorigenesis, cell migration and cancer metastasis partially via p16(INK4a) regulatory pathway.
Molecular apocrine differentiation is a common feature of breast cancer in patients with germline PTEN mutations
Authors: Banneau Guillaume , Guedj Mickaël , MacGrogan Gaëtan , de Mascarel Isabelle , Velasco Valerie , Schiappa Renaud , Bonadona Valerie , David Albert , Dugast Catherine , Gilbert-Dussardier Brigitte , Ingster Olivier , Vabres Pierre , Caux Frederic , de Reynies Aurelien , Iggo Richard , Sevenet Nicolas , Bonnet Françoise , Longy Michel 
Published: August 2010

Abstract
Introduction
Breast carcinoma is the main malignant tumor occurring in patients with Cowden disease, a cancer-prone syndrome caused by germline mutation of the tumor suppressor gene PTEN characterized by the occurrence throughout life of hyperplastic, hamartomatous and malignant growths affecting various organs. The absence of known histological features for breast cancer arising in a PTEN-mutant background prompted us to explore them for potential new markers.

Methods
We first performed a microarray study of three tumors from patients with Cowden disease in the context of a transcriptomic study of 74 familial breast cancers. A subsequent histological and immunohistochemical study including 12 additional cases of Cowden disease breast carcinomas was performed to confirm the microarray data.

Results
Unsupervised clustering of the 74 familial tumors followed the intrinsic gene classification of breast cancer except for a group of five tumors that included the three Cowden tumors. The gene expression profile of the Cowden tumors shows considerable overlap with that of a breast cancer subgroup known as molecular apocrine breast carcinoma, which is suspected to have increased androgenic signaling and shows frequent ERBB2 amplification in sporadic tumors. The histological and immunohistochemical study showed that several cases had apocrine histological features and expressed GGT1, which is a potential new marker for apocrine breast carcinoma.

Conclusions
These data suggest that activation of the ERBB2-PI3K-AKT pathway by loss of PTEN at early stages of tumorigenesis promotes the formation of breast tumors with apocrine features.
Human protein C concentrate in the treatment of purpura fulminans: a retrospective analysis of safety and outcome in 94 pediatric patients
Authors: Veldman Alex , Fischer Doris , Wong Flora Y , Kreuz Wolfhart , Sasse Michael , Eberspächer Bruno , Mansmann Ulrich , Schosser Rudolf 
Published: August 2010

Abstract
Introduction
Purpura fulminans (PF) is a devastating complication of uncontrolled systemic inflammation, associated with high incidence of amputations, skin grafts and death. In this study, we aimed to clarify the clinical profile of pediatric patients with PF who improved with protein C (PC) treatment, explore treatment effects and safety, and to refine the prognostic significance of protein C plasma levels.

Methods
In Germany, patients receiving protein C concentrate (Ceprotin®, Baxter AG, Vienna, Austria) are registered. The database was used to locate all pediatric patients with PF treated with PC from 2002 to 2005 for this national, retrospective, multi-centered study.

Results
Complete datasets were acquired in 94 patients, treated in 46 centers with human, non-activated protein C concentrate for purpura fulminans. PC was given for 2 days (median, range 1-24 days) with a median daily dose of 100 IU/kg. Plasma protein C levels increased from a median of 27% to a median of 71% under treatment. 22.3% of patients died, 77.7% survived to discharge. Skin grafts were required in 9.6%, amputations in 5.3%. PF recovered or improved in 79.8%, remained unchanged in 13.8% and deteriorated in 6.4%. Four adverse events occurred in 3 patients, none classified as severe. Non-survivors had lower protein C plasma levels (P < 0.05) and higher prevalence of coagulopathy at admission (P < 0.01). Time between admission and start of PC substitution was longer in patients who died compared to survivors (P = 0.03).

Conclusions
This retrospective dataset shows that, compared to historic controls, only few pediatric patients with PF under PC substitution needed dermatoplasty and/or amputations. Apart from epistaxis, no bleeding was observed. Although the data comes from a retrospective study, the evidence we present suggests that PC had a beneficial impact on the need for dermatoplasty and amputations, pointing to the potential value of carrying out a prospective randomised controlled trial.
SHIP negatively regulates Flt3L-derived dendritic cell generation and positively regulates MyD88-independent TLR-induced maturation
Authors: Antignano Frann , Ibaraki Mariko , Ruschmann Jens , Jagdeo Julienne , Krystal Gerald 
Published: August 2010

Abstract
SHIP plays an important role in the maturation and DC-induced Ag-specific T cell proliferation downstream of MyD88-independent signaling pathways in Flt3L-DCs.
We demonstrate herein that SHIP negatively regulates the proliferation, differentiation, and survival of FL-DCs from BM precursors, as shown by a more rapid appearance and higher numbers of CD11c+ DCs from SHIP−/− cultures as well as increased survival of mature FL-DCs in the absence of Flt3L. This increased survival, which is lost with low levels of the PI3K inhibitor, LY, correlates with an enhanced constitutive activation of the Akt pathway. Interestingly, however, these SHIP−/− FL-DCs display a less-mature phenotype after TLR ligand stimulation, as far as MHCII, CD40, and CD86 are concerned. Unexpectedly, SHIP−/− FL-DCs activated with TLR ligands, which use MyD88-independent pathways, are markedly impaired in their ability to stimulate Ag-specific T cell proliferation, and SHIP−/− FL-DCs activated by TLRs, which exclusively use the MyD88-dependent pathway, are as capable as WT FL-DCs. There is also a more pronounced TH1 skewing by the SHIP−/− FL-DCs than by WT FL-DCs, which is consistent with our finding that SHIP−/− FL-DCs secrete higher levels of IL-12 and TNF-α in response to LPS or dsRNA than their WT counterparts. These results suggest that SHIP negatively regulates FL-DC generation but positively regulates the maturation and function of FL-DCs induced by TLRs, which operate via MyD88-independent pathways.
Association between Change in Body Composition and Change in Inflammatory Markers: An 11-Year Follow-Up in the Whitehall II Study
Authors: Fransson Eleonor I. , Batty G. David , Tabák Adam G. , Brunner Eric J. , Kumari Meena , Shipley Martin J. , Singh-Manoux Archana , Kivimäki Mika 
Published: August 2010

Context: Obesity is associated with low-grade inflammation, but the long-term effects of weight change on inflammation are unknown.
Objective: The aim was to examine the association of change in weight, body mass index (BMI), and waist circumference with change in C-reactive protein (CRP) and IL-6 and to assess whether this association is modified by baseline obesity status.
Design and Setting: The design was a prospective cohort study among civil servants (the Whitehall II Study, UK). We used data from two clinical screenings carried out in 1991–1993 and 2002–2004 (mean follow-up, 11.3 yr).
Participants: We studied 2496 men and 1026 women [mean age, 49.4 (sd = 6.0) yr at baseline] with measurements on inflammatory markers and anthropometry at both baseline and follow-up.
Main Outcome Measures: We measured change in serum CRP and IL-6 during follow-up.
Results: The mean increases in CRP and IL-6 were 0.08 [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.07–0.09] mg/liter and 0.04 (95% CI, 0.03–0.05) pg/ml per 1-kg increase in body weight during follow-up. Study members with a BMI less than 25 kg/m2 at baseline had an average increase in CRP of 0.06 (95% CI, 0.05–0.08) mg/liter per 1-kg increase in body weight, whereas the increase in those who were overweight (25 ≤ BMI &lt; 30 kg/m2) and obese (BMI ≥30 kg/m2) was greater: 0.08 (95% CI, 0.06–0.09) mg/liter and 0.11 (95% CI, 0.07–0.14) mg/liter, respectively (P value for interaction = 0.002). Similar patterns were observed for changes in BMI and waist circumference.
Conclusions: Those who were overweight or obese at baseline had a greater absolute increase in CRP per unit increase in weight, BMI, and waist circumference than people who were normal weight.
A Nested Case-Control Study of Midgestation Vitamin D Deficiency and Risk of Severe Preeclampsia
Authors: Baker Arthur M. , Haeri Sina , Camargo Carlos A. , Espinola Janice A. , Stuebe Alison M. 
Published: August 2010

Context: Vitamin D may be important in the pathogenesis of severe preeclampsia. Given the few effective preventive strategies for severe preeclampsia, studies establishing this link are needed so that effective interventions can be developed.
Objective: Our objective was to assess whether midgestation vitamin D deficiency is associated with development of severe preeclampsia.
Design and Setting: We conducted a nested case-control study of pregnant women who had previously given blood for routine genetic multiple marker screening and subsequently delivered at a tertiary hospital between January 2004 and November 2008.
Patients: Participants included women with singleton pregnancies in the absence of any chronic medical illnesses. From an overall cohort of 3992 women, 51 cases of severe preeclampsia were matched by race/ethnicity with 204 women delivering at term with uncomplicated pregnancies. Banked maternal serum was used to measure maternal 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D].
Main Outcome Measure: The main outcome was severe preeclampsia.
Results: Midgestation maternal 25(OH)D concentration was lower in women who subsequently developed severe preeclampsia compared with controls [median (interquartile range), 75 (47–107) nmol/liter vs. 98 (68–113) nmol/liter; P = 0.01]. Midgestation maternal 25(OH)D of less than 50 nmol/liter was associated with an almost 4-fold odds of severe preeclampsia (unadjusted odds ratio, 3.63; 95% confidence interval, 1.52–8.65) compared with midgestation levels of at least 75 nmol/liter. Adjustment for known confounders strengthened the observed association (adjusted odds ratio, 5.41; 95% confidence interval, 2.02–14.52).
Conclusion: Maternal midgestation vitamin D deficiency was associated with increased risk of severe preeclampsia. Vitamin D deficiency may be a modifiable risk factor for severe preeclampsia.
Investigation of the behaviour of selected ultrasonic guided wave modes to inspect rails for long-range testing and monitoring
Authors: Gharaibeh Y , Sanderson R , Mudge P , Ennaceur C , Balachandran W 
Published: August 2010

Long-range ultrasonic testing (LRUT) uses guided waves in the kilohertz range to inspect many metres of an elongated component from a single point of access. This has considerable advantages for the rapid testing of long lengths for the detection of potentially harmful defects. This technique is well developed for structures that have a simple geometry, such as plates, rods, and pipes. However, this is a relatively new technology and there is still much to learn about the behaviour of guided waves and their application in complex structures, such as railway rails. The aim of this work was to identify suitable ultrasonic-guided wave modes that can detect common types of defects in each part of a rail (i.e. the head, web, and foot). The investigation was carried out using finite-element analysis and was validated experimentally. The findings of this research demonstrated the ability to detect transverse defects as small as 2 mm and 5 mm in the head and foot, respectively.
Jazz musicality in postdramatic theatre and the opacity of auditory signs
Authors: Bouko Catherine 
Published: August 2010

Lehmann's paradigm of postdramatic theatre has mainly been criticized on two levels: its flexibility and its alleged putting to death of drama. I wish to highlight to what extent flexible paradigms like the postdramatic one are necessary to study the numerous performances that are characterized by their in-between-ness between dramatic and postdramatic codes. The study of postdramatic jazz musicality that we observe in Jaz by Koffi Kwahul or inIsabella's Roomby Jan Lauwers demonstrates the need for such flexibility.Lehmann's notion of independent auditory semiotics could be a relevant tool to study the exploitation of text as music (and not only in music). As Lehmann does not develop this concept but only mentions it in his general postdramatic theory, I wish to propose an introductory model of postdramatic auditory semiotics, based on the opacity of the theatrical sign and on the Peircian notion oficonic thought. The latter makes it possible to study performativity per se via semiotic theories. Consequently, in contrast to the opinion of many researchers, among whom is the semiotician Erika Fischer-Lichte, theatrical semiotics does not only provide tools to study what the signs of the performancemean. It can also deal with autonomous performativity, which is particularly necessary with regard to postdramatic theatre.
Shoulder Height Labeling of Child Restraints to Minimize Premature Graduation
Authors: Brown Julie , Fell Dallas , Bilston Lynne E. 
Published: August 2010

OBJECTIVE:
We hypothesized that parents and caregivers would make better judgments about child restraint fit if shoulder height labeling was used to communicate appropriate child restraint transition times.

METHODS:
Participants were recruited at a shopping center in New South Wales, Australia, and were observed choosing restraints, with and without shoulder height labels indicating appropriate restraint fit, for each of 2 test mannequins (representing a 3-year-old child and a 5-year-old child). Demographic and child restraint use experience data also were collected. Generalized estimating equations were used to examine associations between labeling condition and participant's judgment of restraint appropriateness.

RESULTS:
Participants (N = 86) made significantly fewer errors in judging restraint appropriateness for the test mannequins when the restraints included shoulder height labels (P &lt; .001). Depending on label format, the odds that a participant would always make the correct decision were 5.2 (95% confidence interval: 2.7–9.8) to 3.7 (95% confidence interval: 2.0–6.9) times greater when shoulder height labels were included than when they were not.

CONCLUSION:
The use of shoulder height labels on child safety seats and booster seats is an effective means of communicating child restraint fit to parents and caregivers.
Ridge Preservation With Acellular Dermal Matrix and Anorganic Bone Matrix Cell‐Binding Peptide P‐15 After Tooth Extraction in Humans
Authors: Fernandes Patricia Garani , Novaes Arthur B. , de Queiroz Adriana Correa , de Souza Sergio Luis Scombatti , Taba Mario , Palioto Daniela Bazan , de Moraes Grisi Marcio Fernando 
Published: August 2010

Background: Preventing ridge collapse with the extraction of maxillary anterior teeth is vital to an esthetic restorative result. Several regenerative techniques are available and are used for socket preservation. The aim of this study is to analyze by clinical parameters the use of acellular dermal matrix (ADM) and anorganic bovine bone matrix (ABM) with synthetic cell‐binding peptide P‐15 to preserve alveolar bone after tooth extraction.Methods: Eighteen patients in need of extraction of maxillary anterior teeth were selected and randomly assigned to the test group (ADM plus ABM/P‐15) or the control group (ADM only). Clinical measurements were recorded initially and at 6 months after ridge‐preservation procedures.Results: In the clinical measurements (external vertical palatal measurement [EVPM], external vertical buccal measurement [EVBM], and alveolar horizontal measurement [AHM]) the statistical analysis showed no difference between test and control groups initially and at 6 months. The intragroup analysis, after 6 months, showed a statistically significant reduction in the measurements for both groups. In the comparison between the two groups, the differences in the test group were as follows: EVPM = 0.83 ± 1.53 mm; EVBM = 1.20 ± 2.02 mm; and AHM = 2.53 ± 1.81 mm. The differences in the control group were as follows: EVPM = 0.87 ± 1.13 mm; EVBM = 1.50 ± 1.15 mm; and AHM = 3.40 ± 1.39 mm. The differences in EVPM and EVBM were not statistically significant; however, in horizontal measurement (AHM), there was a statistically significant difference (P<0.05).Conclusion: The results of this study show that ADM used as membrane associated with ABM/P‐15 can be used to reduce buccal‐palatal dimensions compared to ADM alone for preservation of the alveolar ridge after extraction of anterior maxillary teeth.
Salivary Stress Markers, Stress, and Periodontitis: A Pilot Study
Authors: Rai Balwant , Kaur Jasdeep , Anand S.C. , Jacobs Reinhilde 
Published: August 2010

Background: Some cross‐sectional and longitudinal studies attempted to link periodontitis with stress. To our knowledge, only one small study was published on the mechanism by which stress may influence periodontal diseases, suggesting behavioral and physiologic mechanisms and investigating the role of inflammation as a potential mediator. The present study is planned to explore the associations among periodontal disease, psychologic factors, and salivary markers of stress, psychoneuroimmunologic variables, and health behaviors.Methods: One hundred periodontitis patients were selected, and participants provided information on general health, chronic stress, and demographics. Stress markers (choromogranin A, cortisol, α‐amylase, and β‐endorphin) were measured from saliva. A dentist assessed the presence of dental plaque on lingual and buccal surfaces, the gingival index, and the number of remaining teeth with periodontal disease.Results: Stress and salivary stress markers were significantly correlated with clinical parameters of periodontal disease (ranging from 0.19 to 0.59; P <0.001). Neglecting to brush teeth during stress was associated with missing teeth. After adjusting for stress variables, salivary cortisol and β‐endorphin were significantly associated with tooth loss and periodontal clinical parameters (P <0.001; R2 = 0.59).Conclusions: This study suggests that stress might be associated with periodontal disease through physiologic and behavioral mechanisms. In making diagnoses of psychiatric patients, the association between salivary stress markers and periodontal disease needs to be included. Further exploration of relationships between periodontitis and stress is warranted.