bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Specific ligands as pharmacological chaperones: The transport of misfolded G‐protein coupled receptors to the cell surface
Authors: Nakamura Motonao , Yasuda Daisuke , Hirota Nobuaki , Shimizu Takao 
Published: May 2010

AbstractIn the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), quality control mechanisms distinguish between correctly and incorrectly folded structures to ensure that aberrant proteins are not processed along the secretory pathway. Numerous studies have demonstrated the functional rescue of ER‐retained, aberrant proteins by small membrane permeable molecules called pharmacological chaperones. Pharmacological chaperones can bind to misfolded proteins, including G‐protein coupled receptors (GPCRs), and promote their correct folding and export from the ER. Recently, common structural features of GPCRs have been uncovered, including the eighth helical domain in the C‐terminal tail and conserved residues in the transmembrane domains. However, little is known about the importance of these features in signaling and intracellular trafficking, because receptors deficient in these domains are likely retained in the ER due to misfolding. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge about the requirement of these consensus domains and amino acid residues for the passing through the quality control of the ER. Furthermore, we propose the utilization of membrane permeable ligands for the transport of their cognate, ER‐retained GPCRs to the cell surface. The chaperone activity of these ligands allows us to perform functional analyses of the structure‐deficient receptors after their trafficking to the cell surface. © 2010 IUBMB IUBMB Life, 62(6): 457–463, 2010
Hormetic responses of thyroid hormone calorigenesis in the liver: Association with oxidative stress
Authors: Videla Luis A. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractThyroid hormone (L‐3,3′,5‐triiodothyronine, T3) exerts calorigenic effects by accelerating mitochondrial O2 consumption through transcriptional activation of respiratory genes, with consequent increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. In the liver, ROS generation occurs at different sites of hepatocytes and in the respiratory burst of Kupffer cells, triggering the activation of the transcription factors nuclear factor‐κB, signal transducer and activator of transcription 3, and activating protein 1. Under these conditions, the redox upregulation of Kupffer cell‐dependent expression of cytokines [tumor necrosis factor‐α, interleukin (IL)‐1, and IL‐6] is achieved, which upon interaction with specific receptors in hepatocytes trigger the expression of antioxidant enzymes (manganese superoxide dismutase, inducible nitric oxide synthase), antiapoptotic proteins (Bcl‐2), and acute‐phase proteins (haptoglobin, β‐fibrinogen). These responses and the promotion of hepatocyte and Kupffer cell proliferation observed represent hormetic effects re‐establishing redox homeostasis, promoting cell survival, and protecting the liver against ischemia–reperfusion (IR) injury. It is proposed that hormesis underlying T3 action may constitute a novel preconditioning strategy for IR injury during liver surgery in man or in liver transplantation using reduced‐size grafts from living donors, considering that (i) with the exception of the controversial ischemic preconditioning, all other studied strategies have failed to reach the clinical setting and (ii) T3 is a well‐tolerated therapeutic agent that either lacks major adverse effects or has minimal and controlled side effects. © 2010 IUBMB IUBMB Life, 62(6): 464–470, 2010
Human tissue distribution of paraoxonases 1 and 2 mRNA
Authors: Mackness Bharti , Beltran‐Debon Raul , Aragones Gerard , Joven Jorge , Camps Jordi , Mackness Mike 
Published: May 2010

AbstractWe have studied the distribution of mRNA for paraoxonases (PON) 1 and 2 in 24 human tissues using Gene Expression Panels. PON1 mRNA was restricted to adult kidney, liver, and colon as well as fetal liver, whereas PON2 mRNA was more widely distributed in adult human brain, heart, kidney, spleen, liver, colon, lung, small intestine, muscle, stomach, testis, placenta, salivary, thyroid and adrenal glands, pancreas, skin, and bone marrow, as well as fetal brain and liver. PON2 mRNA was not found in ovary, uterus, or plasma leukocytes using the panels. However, using real time PCR, we found PON2 mRNA expression in human plasma leukocytes. There were differences between the tissue distribution of mRNAs found in this study and the immunohistochemical localization of the PON1 and PON2 proteins reported previously. In particular, PON1 protein is much more widely distributed than its mRNA, possibly indicating the delivery of PON1 to various tissues by HDL. In addition, differences between PON2 mRNA and protein distributions could be due to missence mutations in the PON2 gene, causing nontranslation of mRNA to protein in some tissues. © 2010 IUBMB IUBMB Life, 62(6): 484–486, 2010
Endogenous antioxidants and Nasal human epithelium response to air pollutants: genotoxic and inmmunocytochemical evaluation
Authors: Fortoul T. I. , Rojas‐Lemus M. , Avila‐Casado M. C. , Rodriguez‐Lara V. , Montaño L. F. , Muñoz‐Comonfort A. , Lopez‐Zepeda L. S. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractNasal epithelium is a source for identifying atmospheric pollution impact. Antioxidants play a relevant role in the protection of the cells from environmental injury, but scarce information is available about the interaction of endogenous antioxidants and genotoxic damage in nasal epithelium from urban populations highly exposed to traffic‐generated air pollutants. An immunocytochemical and genotoxic evaluation was implemented in nasal cell epithelium in a population chronically exposed to atmospheric pollution from autumn 2004 to autumn 2005. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and Catalase (CAT) were evaluated in nasal scrapings by morphometry and genotoxicity by comet assay. An increase in DNA damage correlates with a decrease in SOD and CAT in nasal cells during autumn and the inverse result was observed during summer (R = 0.88). Not only should exogenous antioxidant supplements be encouraged, but also a healthy diet to strengthen intracellular defenses against oxidative stress induced by exposure to air pollutants.
The effect of anatase TiO2 nanotube layers on MC3T3‐E1 preosteoblast adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation
Authors: Yu Wei‐qiang , Jiang Xing‐quan , Zhang Fu‐qiang , Xu Ling 
Published: May 2010

AbstractTitanium oxide nanotube layers by anodization have received considerable attention in biomedical application. Previous studies have demonstrated increased osteoblast (bone‐forming cell) adhesion and function on nanotube layers compared with unanodized counterparts. More recently, one study showed amorphous TiO2 nanotube diameter determined cell fate. The anatase phase is known to be much more beneficial for bone growth than amorphous phase, so there is increasing demand to explore the response of osteoblast on anatase phase TiO2 nanotube layers. For this reason, we evaluated MC3T3‐E1 preosteoblast behavior on different diameter nanotube layers with anatase phase. The results showed that the diameter of 20–70 nm provided an effective length scale for cell adhesion, alkaline phosphatase activity, and mineralization. However, cell adhesion, alkaline phosphatase activity, and mineralization were severely impaired on nanotube layers with 100–120 nm. Interestingly, the filopodia seemed not spread into the nanotubular and like extending anatase nanotube walls, where there may be higher numbers of atoms at the surface compared to the nanotubular architecture. To our surprise, the proliferation rates of cells cultured on anatase nanotube layers increased with increasing tube diameter from 20 to 120 nm, which may be attributed to different length and nanometer‐scale roughness of the nanotube layers. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A, 2010
Fiber diameters control osteoblastic cell migration and differentiation in electrospun gelatin
Authors: Sisson Kristin , Zhang Chu , Farach‐Carson Mary C. , Chase D. Bruce , Rabolt John F. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractDefined electrospinning conditions were used to create scaffolds with different fiber diameters to investigate their interactions with osteoblastic MG63 cells. Nonwoven gelatin scaffolds were electrospun with varied fiber diameters to investigate the effect of fiber size and resultant porosity on cell proliferation, viability, migration, and differentiation. The low toxicity solvent acetic acid:ethyl acetate:water ratio and gelatin concentrations were optimized to create small and large diameter fibers. The fiber diameters obtained by this procedure were 110 ± 40 nm for the small and 600 ± 110 nm for the large fibers. Cell viability assays showed that MG63 cells grew similarly on both fibers at the early time point (day 3) but preferred the scaffold with large diameter fibers by the later time points (day 5 and day 7). Confocal microscopic imaging showed that MG63 cells migrated poorly (maximum depth of 18 μm) into the scaffold of small diameter fibers, but readily penetrated (maximum depth of 50 μm) into the scaffold of large diameter fibers. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) assays showed that MG63 cells differentiated on scaffolds made from both diameter fibers. In longer term experiments, MG63 cells differentiated to a greater extent on scaffolds made from small diameter fibers compared to large diameter fibers at days 3 and 7, but the ALP levels were the same for both diameter fibers by day 14. These results indicate that cells can perceive differences in the diameter and resultant pore size of electrospun gelatin fibers and that they process this information to alter their behavior. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A, 2010
Ab Initio and Quantum Chemical Topology studies on the isomerization of HONO to HNO2. Effect of the basis set in QCT
Authors: Berski Slawomir , Latajka Zdzislaw , Gordon Agnieszka J. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractThe article focus on the isomerization of nitrous acid HONO to hydrogen nitryl HNO2. Density functional (B3LYP) and MP2 methods, and a wide variety of basis sets, have been chosen to investigate the mechanism of this reaction. The results clearly show that there are two possible paths: 1) Uncatalysed isomerisation, trans‐HONO → HNO2, involving 1,2‐hydrogen shift and characterized by a large energetic barrier 49.7 ÷ 58.9 kcal/mol, 2) Catalysed double hydrogen transfer process, trans‐HONO + cis‐HONO → HNO2 + cis‐HONO, which displays a significantly lower energetic barrier in a range of 11.6 ÷ 18.9 kcal/mol. Topological analysis of the Electron Localization Function (ELF) shows that the hydrogen transfer for both studied reactions takes place through the formation of a ‘dressed’ proton along the reaction path.1 Use of a wide variety of basis sets demonstrates a clear basis set dependence on the ELF topology of HNO2. Less saturated basis sets yield two lone pair basins, V1(N), V2(N), whereas more saturated ones (for example aug‐cc‐pVTZ and aug‐cc‐pVQZ) do not indicate a lone pair on the nitrogen atom. Topological analysis of the Electron Localizability Indication (ELI‐D) at the CASSCF (12,10) confirms these findings, showing the existence of the lone pair basins but with decreasing populations as the basis set becomes more saturated (0.35e for the cc‐pVDZ basis set to 0.06e for the aug‐cc‐pVTZ). This confirms that the choice of basis set not only can influence the value of the electron population at the particular atom, but can also lead to different ELF topology. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Chem, 2010
Simulaid: A simulation facilitator and analysis program
Authors: Mezei Mihaly 
Published: May 2010

AbstractSimulaid performs a large number of simulation‐related tasks: interconversion and modification of structure and trajectory files, optimization of orientation, and a large variety of analysis functions. The program can handle structures in PDB (Berman et al., Nucleic Acids Res 2000, 28, 235), Charmm (Brooks et al., J Comput Chem 4, 187) CRD, Amber (Case et al.), Macromodel (Mohamadi et al., J Comput Chem 1990, 11, 440), Gromos/Gromacs (Hess et al.), InsightII (InsightII. Accelrys Inc.: San Diego, 2005), Grasp (Nicholls et al., Proteins: Struct Funct Genet 1991, 11, 281) .crg, Tripos (Tripos International, S. H. R., St. Louis, MO) .mol2 (input only), and in the MMC (Mezei, M.; MMC: Monte Carlo program for molecular assemblies. Available at: http://inka.mssm.edu/∼mezei/mmc) formats; and trajectories in the formats of Charmm, Amber, Macromodel, and MMC. Analysis features include (but are not limited to): (1) simple distance calculations and hydrogen‐bond analysis, (2) calculation of 2‐D RMSD maps (produced both as text file with the data and as a color‐coded matrix) and cross RMSD maps between trajectories, (3) clustering based on RMSD maps, (4) analysis of torsion angles, Ramachandran (Ramachandran and Sasiskharan, Adv Protein Chem 1968, 23, 283) angles, proline kink (Visiers et al., Protein Eng 2000, 13, 603) angles, pseudorotational (Altona and Sundaralingam, J Am Chem Soc 1972, 94, 8205; Cremer and Pople, J Am Chem Soc 1975, 97, 1354) angles, and (5) analysis based on circular variance (Mezei, J Mol Graphics Model 2003, 21, 463). Torsion angle evolutions are presented in dial plots (Ravishanker et al., J Biomol Struct Dyn 1989, 6, 669). Several of these features are unique to Simulaid. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Chem, 2010
Association of circulating insulin‐like growth factor 1 with hepatocellular carcinoma: one cross‐sectional correlation study
Authors: Su Wei‐Wen , Lee King‐Teh , Yeh Yao‐Tsung , Soon Maw‐Soan , Wang Chao‐Ling , Yu Ming‐Lung , Wang Shen‐Nien 
Published: May 2010

AbstractDeregulation of insulin‐like growth factor‐1 (IGF‐1) has been implicated in the pathogenesis of several malignancies. This study aimed to investigate the association of changes in circulating IGF‐1 with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The radioimmunoassay was used to analyze serum IGF‐1 levels of 65 HCC patients and 165 healthy subjects. Serum IGF‐1 levels were significantly decreased in the HCC patients as compared with the healthy subjects (158.46±105.07 vs. 247.63±149.96 ng/mL, P<0.001). Furthermore, insulin resistance was significantly higher in the HCC patients than the healthy subjects (P=0.027). In addition, the significant correlations of serum IGF‐1 levels with age and insulin resistance in the healthy subjects were not noted in the HCC patients. Intriguingly, individuals with hepatitis C virus (HCV), not hepatitis B virus, had remarkably decreased IGF‐1 levels in both groups of the HCC patients and healthy subjects. Moreover, in the HCV subgroup, serum IGF‐1 levels were significantly reduced in the HCC patients than the healthy subjects (113.14±71.28 vs. 172.42±74.02 ng/mL, P=0.003). In conclusion, decreased serum IGF‐1 levels were associated with HCC and the decrease was remarkably noted in those patients concomitant with chronic hepatitis C. J. Clin. Lab. Anal. 24:195–200, 2010. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Stability of hepatitis C virus RNA in blood samples by TaqMan real‐time PCR
Authors: Sener Kenan , Yapar Mehmet , Bedir Orhan , Gül Cem , Coskun Ömer , Kubar Ayhan 
Published: May 2010

AbstractThe storage conditions of blood samples for reliable results are very important in hepatitis C virus (HCV) RNA amplification tests used in routine HCV analyses. According to many studies, storage conditions could affect the RNA stability for HCV RNA detection. We have studied HCV RNA stability in blood samples stored at 4°C. Nineteen blood samples containing different HCV RNA levels were stored at 4°C and they were then analyzed by TaqMAN real‐time PCR method. HCV RNA levels remained almost stable (100%) at least for five weeks at this storage condition. However, among them, the stability period was up to 11 weeks in two of the samples. As with these findings, there was a slightly significant correlation between the positivity time and the beginning HCV RNA levels (r=0.474,P=0.040). We conclude that, blood samples can be stored at 4°C for five weeks without any significant difference in detected HCV RNA level by using TaqMan real‐time PCR. J. Clin. Lab. Anal. 24:134–138, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Candida dubliniensis screening using the germ tube test in clinical yeast isolates and prevalence of C. dubliniensis in Korea
Authors: Kim Tae‐Hyoung , Park Bo‐Rae G. , Kim Hye Ryoun , Lee Mi‐Kyung 
Published: May 2010

AbstractThe aim of this study was to screen for C. dubliniensis using the germ tube test with human pooled serum (HPS) in clinical isolates and investigate the prevalence of C. dubliniensis in Korea. Among 1,854 yeast strains isolated, 1,404 strains of C. albicans (on the basis of positive results of the germ tube test) and 192 germ tube‐negative yeast strains were examined. All 1,596 clinical isolates were examined using the germ tube test with HPS, the differential temperature, and NaCl tolerance test. Only 81 isolates that did not grow at 45°C nor on Sabouraud 6.5% NaCl broth were selected and tested using the VITEK 2 ID‐YSTsystem and the multiplex‐PCR assay for the study. The two strains, C. dubliniensis ATCC MYA‐646 and KCTC 17427 failed to produce germ tubes in HPS but produced them in fresh rabbit serum (FRS) and fetal bovine serum (FBS). No C. dubliniensis was found in this study population. The results of this study suggest that the germ tube test with HPS in combination with FRS or FBS can be used for discriminating between C. albicans and C. dubliniensis strains and that the prevalence of C. dubliniensis appears to be extremely low in Korea. J. Clin. Lab. Anal. 24:145–148, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Interleukin (IL)‐1β, IL‐1 receptor antagonist, IL‐6, IL‐8, IL‐10, and tumor necrosis factor α gene polymorphisms in patients with febrile seizures
Authors: Chou I‐Ching , Lin Wei‐De , Wang Chung‐Hsing , Tsai Chang‐Hai , Li Tsai‐Chung , Tsai Fuu‐Jen 
Published: May 2010

AbstractInflammation and genetics may play a role in the pathogenesis of febrile seizures (FSs). We aimed to test whether interleukin‐1β (IL‐1β), IL‐1 receptor antagonist (IL‐1 Ra), IL‐6 promoter, IL‐8, IL‐10, or tumor necrosis factor (TNF) gene polymorphisms could be used as markers of susceptibility to FSs. An association study was performed among a cohort of 104 patients with FSs and 143 normal control subjects. There was no significant difference between patients and controls in the distribution of allele frequencies of the IL‐1β promoter, IL‐1β exon 5, IL‐6 promoter, IL‐8, IL‐10, or TNF‐α gene polymorphisms. In contrast, the IL‐1 Ra‐I homozygote was more frequent in patients with FSs than in healthy controls (93.2% vs. 83.92%, χ2=4.51,P=0.034). In addition, individuals homozygous for the IL‐1 Ra‐I genotype were more than twice as likely to develop FSs than individuals heterozygous for the IL‐1 Ra‐I/II genotype (OR, 2.63, 95% CI: 1.08–6.39; χ2=4.55,P=0.033). We conclude that the IL‐1 Ra gene might be one of the useful markers for predicting susceptibility to FSs. J. Clin. Lab. Anal. 24:154–159, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Neonatal screening for mucopolysaccharidoses by determination of glycosaminoglycans in the eluate of urine‐impregnated paper: preliminary results of an improved DMB‐based procedure
Authors: Alonso‐Fernández J.R. , Fidalgo J. , Colón C. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractBackground: The fact that mucopolysaccharidoses (MPSes) are now treatable, and that the earlier treatment is initiated the better, is an indication for neonatal screening. The most efficient approach seems likely to be a multi‐tier procedure in which screening for urinary glycosaminoglycan (GAG) is followed by enzyme determinations in heelprick blood of newborns screening positive. Hitherto the method of choice for the determination of GAG has been the measurement of absorbance by a complex of GAG and 1,9‐dimethylmethylene blue (DMB). Method: We evaluated a DMB method in which absorbance by DMB is measured following its addition to the eluate obtained from paper‐borne newborn urine samples and is normalized relative to urinary creatinine. Calibration is performed with chondroitin‐6‐sulfate (Ch‐6‐S). Results: The limits of detection and quantification of GAG were 1.98 and 5.94 mg/dl, respectively. The within‐run coefficients of variation (CVs) of the GAG/creatinine ratio for 25, 31, and 70 mg/dl solutions of Ch‐6‐S in urine were 21.8, 16.4, and 10.5%, respectively, and the corresponding between‐run CVs were 25.0, 13.5, and 10.1%. Recovery from the urine spiked with 31 mg Ch‐6‐S/dl was 94.8%. Accuracy was also acceptable for all other GAGs except hyaluronic acid. For neonatal screening, the diagnostic threshold was tentatively established as 800 mg GAG/g creatinine, the 95th centile of samples from 903 infants aged 3–28 days, but the value of the GAG/creatinine ratio was negatively correlated with age. Application of the new method to samples from older individuals with and without MPS achieved 100% sensitivity and specificity when used with an age‐dependent threshold taken from the literature on the original DMB method. Conclusion: If used in the first tier of a multi‐tier screening protocol, the proposed method would allow the detection of abnormal levels of all GAGs except hyaluronic acid. J. Clin. Lab. Anal. 24:149–153, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Plasma osteopontin as a predictor of coronary artery disease: association with echocardiographic characteristics of atherosclerosis
Authors: Abdel‐Azeez Hala Abdel‐Hameed , Al‐Zaky Manar 
Published: May 2010

AbstractOsteopontin (OPN), a bone‐related protein, is present within the atherosclerotic plaques, most strikingly in calcified plaques. Valvular calcifications are accepted as a part of the spectrum of atherosclerosis and are associated with atherosclerotic calcification in the coronary arteries. The study aimed to evaluate the association of plasma OPN with the presence and extent of coronary stenosis, mitral annular calcification (MAC), and aortic valve sclerosis in stable angina patients. We studied 120 subjects who underwent coronary angiography because of ischemic chest pain. Coronary artery disease (CAD) was defined as ≥50% stenosis in ≥1 coronary artery. MAC and aortic valve sclerosis were detected by echocardiography. Lipid profile, high sensitive C‐reactiveprotein (hsCRP), and OPN were measured in all studied subjects. Patients with CAD had increased plasma OPN when compared with those without CAD (P<0.001). Plasma OPN levels were significantly positively correlated with atherogenic lipid profile, hsCRP, MAC grading, aortic valve sclerosis grading, and the number of stenosed coronary vessels in CAD patients. In multivariate analysis, OPN was an independent predictor of CAD (P=0.01), MAC (P=0.01), and aortic valve sclerosis (P=0.04). In conclusion, OPN is an independent predictor of MAC and aortic valve sclerosis. Plasma OPN levels reflect the extent of coronary stenosis and can be used as a biomarker to identify patients with coronary atherosclerosis. J. Clin. Lab. Anal. 24:201–206, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A comparison of Brucella IgG and IgM ELISA assays with agglutination methodology
Authors: Welch Ryan J. , Litwin Christine M. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractDespite brucellosis having a low incidence rate in developed nations, it still remains the leading zoonotic disease in the world. Culturing of Brucella spp. provides good specificity but in cases where the fever is intermittent, sensitivity is problematic. This has led to the development of serological methods of detection. Brucella agglutination methods have been considered the serological gold‐standard since their inception, although commercial Brucella IgG and IgM enzyme‐linked immunosorbentassays are available to potentially aid in the diagnosis of the disease. In our study, anti‐Brucella IgG and IgM assays were compared with agglutination. Individually the IgG assay tested had an accuracy of 56% and the IgM assay had an accuracy of 77%. These poor accuracies reinforce Centers for Disease Control's conclusion that nonagglutination tests should not be used to confirm brucellosis. J. Clin. Lab. Anal. 24:160–162, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.