bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Trait-Affect, Depressed Mood, and Male Sexual Functioning: A Preliminary Study
Authors: Peixoto Manuela , Nobre Pedro 
Published: May 2012

ABSTRACT

Introduction
The relationship between trait-affect, depressed mood, and sexual functioning has been studied; however, the nature of that relation is not yet well established.

Aim
The aim of the present study was to investigate the mediator role that depressed mood plays in the relation between trait-affect and sexual functioning in men.

Methods
A total of 205 men from the general population participated in the study and completed self-reported measures assessing trait-affect, depressed mood, and sexual functioning.

Main Outcome Measures
Trait-affect was measured by the Positive Affect–Negative Affect Scale—Expanded Version, depressed mood was assessed by the Beck Depression Inventory, and male sexual function was measured by the International Index of Erectile Function.

Results
Regression analysis showed that negative trait-affect and depressed mood were significant predictors of sexual functioning. Moreover, mediation analyses indicated that depressed mood partially mediate the relationship between negative trait-affect and sexual functioning in men.

Conclusion
Findings support the role of negative trait-affect and depressed mood on male sexual functioning.
Effects of carrot psyllid (Trioza apicalis) feeding on carrot yield and content of sugars and phenolic compounds
Authors: Nissinen A.I. , Lemmetty A. , Pihlava J.‐M. , Jauhiainen L. , Munyaneza J.E. , Vanhala P. 
Published: May 2012

AbstractCarrot psyllid, Trioza apicalis, is a serious pest of carrot in Northern Europe, as it can significantly damage young carrot seedlings in a period as short as 3 days. This study was conducted to investigate effects of carrot psyllid feeding at different plant growth stages on carrot yield and to assess changes in content of sugars, phenolics and related compounds in carrot roots resulting from the psyllid feeding. In addition, reflectance of carrot leaves was measured to assess the intensity of discolouration in damaged leaves. Results showed that carrot yield was significantly reduced by a 3‐day carrot psyllid feeding period when the seedlings were exposed to psyllids at 1‐ or 2‐leaf stage. However, at 4‐leaf stage feeding by one carrot psyllid did not reduce yield. Sucrose concentration in the damaged roots was significantly decreased, whereas concentrations of some phenolic compounds were significantly increased. The reflectance of leaves of damaged carrots differed significantly from those of undamaged control leaves. These observations indicate that carrot psyllid damage has potential to lower not only the carrot yield, but also the carrot crop quality. No phytoplasma was detected in the carrots exposed to psyllids, but recently, T. apicalis has been associated with ‘Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum’. The role of carrot psyllid feeding and the psyllid‐associated bacterium in the damage formation are discussed.
Survival estimates for the Australian sea lion: Negative correlation of sea surface temperature with cohort survival to weaning
Authors: McIntosh Rebecca R. , Arthur Anthony D. , Dennis Terry , Berris Mel , Goldsworthy Simon D. , Shaughnessy Peter D. , Teixeira Carlos E. P. 
Published: May 2012

AbstractThe Australian sea lion (Neophoca cinerea) population at Seal Bay Conservation Park, South Australia, is estimated to be declining at a rate of 1.14% per breeding season. To better understand the potential causes of this decline, survival rates were examined to 14 yr of age for eight cohorts marked as pups (aged 0.17 yr) between 1991 and 2002. Apparent yearly survival rates (Φ) varied by cohort for pups from marking to weaning at 1.5 yr (Φ= 0.30–0.67). Postweaning juvenile survival (1.5–3 yr) was 0.89 and survival from 3 to 14 yr was constant (Φ female:male = 0.96:0.89). Φ of pup cohorts was negatively correlated to local sea surface temperature where the sea lions forage (SST) and was especially low for cohort 7 in 2000 (0.30). It is possible that periods of unusually warm oceanographic conditions may be limiting primary production and inhibiting maternal provisioning to pups. Pup survival to weaning is relatively low compared to other otariid species, is likely to limit recruitment, and may be contributing to the decline in pup abundance observed in the colony.
Neuroaxonal Regeneration is More Pronounced in Early Multiple Sclerosis than in Traumatic Brain Injury Lesions
Authors: Schirmer Lucas , Merkler Doron , König Fatima B. , Brück Wolfgang , Stadelmann Christine 
Published: May 2012

AbstractThe extent of irreversible neuroaxonal damage is the key determinant of permanent disability in traumatic and inflammatory conditions of the central nervous system (CNS). Structural damage is nevertheless in part compensated by neuroplastic events. However, it is unknown whether the same kinetics and mechanisms of neuroaxonal de‐ and regeneration take place in inflammatory and traumatic conditions. We analyzed neuroaxonal degeneration and plasticity in early multiple sclerosis (MS) lesions and traumatic brain injury (TBI). Neuroaxonal degeneration identified by the presence of SMI31+ chromatolytic neurons and SMI32+ axonal profiles were characteristic features of leukocortical TBI lesions. Axonal transport disturbances as determined by amyloid precursor protein (APP)+ spheroids were present in both TBI and MS lesions to a similar degree. Neurons expressing growth‐associated protein 43 (GAP43) and synaptophysin (Syn) were found under both pathological conditions. However, axonal swellings immunopositive for GAP43 and Syn clearly prevailed in subcortical MS lesions, suggesting a higher regenerative potential in MS. In this context, GAP43+/APP+ axonal spheroid ratios correlated with macrophage infiltration in TBI and MS lesions, supporting the idea that phagocyte activation might promote neuroplastic events. Furthermore, axonal GAP43+ and Syn+ swellings correlated with prolonged survival after TBI, indicating a sustained regenerative response.
Optimization of Hull‐Less Pumpkin Seed Roasting Conditions Using Response Surface Methodology
Authors: Vujasinović Vesna , Radočaj Olga , Dimić Etelka 
Published: May 2012

Abstract:  Response surface methodology (RSM) was applied to optimize hull‐less pumpkin seed roasting conditions before seed pressing to maximize the biochemical composition and antioxidant capacity of the virgin pumpkin oils obtained using a hydraulic press. Hull‐less pumpkin seeds were roasted for various lengths of time (30 to 70 min) at various roasting temperatures (90 to 130 °C), resulting in 9 different oil samples, while the responses were phospholipids content, total phenols content, α‐ and γ‐tocopherols, and antioxidative activity [by 2,2‐diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free‐radical assay]. Mathematical models have shown that roasting conditions influenced all dependent variables at P < 0.05. The higher roasting temperatures had a significant effect (P < 0.05) on phospholipids, phenols, and α‐tocopherols contents, while longer roasting time had a significant effect (P < 0.05) on γ‐tocopherol content and antioxidant capacity, among the samples prepared under different roasting conditions. The optimum conditions for roasting the hull‐less pumpkin seeds were 120 °C for duration of 49 min, which resulted in these oil concentrations: phospholipids 0.29%, total phenols 23.06 mg/kg, α‐tocopherol 5.74 mg/100 g, γ‐tocopherol 24.41 mg/100 g, and an antioxidative activity (EC50) of 27.18 mg oil/mg DPPH.Practical Application:  A well‐defined roasting process is very important for the food industry to be able to produce pumpkin seed oil with desirable nutritive and chemical characteristics of this unique salad oil, which changes during the roasting. This study contributes to the knowledge of a product design process for the roasting conditions of naked pumpkin seeds based on results that have demonstrated that an increase in roasting temperature significantly increased the biochemical values and antioxidant properties of the obtained virgin oils.
Application of Ozonated Dry Ice (ALIGAL™ Blue Ice) For Packaging and Transport in the Food Industry
Authors: Fratamico Pina M. , Juneja Vijay , Annous Bassam A. , Rasanayagam Vasuhi , Sundar M. , Braithwaite David , Fisher Steven 
Published: May 2012

Abstract:  Dry ice is used by meat and poultry processors for temperature reduction during processing and for temperature maintenance during transportation. ALIGAL™ Blue Ice (ABI), which combines the antimicrobial effect of ozone (O3) along with the high cooling capacity of dry ice, was investigated for its effect on bacterial reduction in air, in liquid, and on food and glass surfaces. Through proprietary means, O3 was introduced to produce dry ice pellets to a concentration of 20 parts per million (ppm) by total weight. The ABI sublimation rate was similar to that of dry ice pellets under identical conditions, and ABI was able to hold the O3 concentration throughout the normal shelf life of the product. Challenge studies were performed using different microorganisms, including E. coli, Campylobacter jejuni, Salmonella, and Listeria, that are critical to food safety. ABI showed significant (P < 0.05) microbial reduction during bioaerosol contamination (up to 5‐log reduction of E. coli and Listeria), on chicken breast (approximately 1.3‐log reduction of C. jejuni), on contact surfaces (approximately 3.9 log reduction of C. jejuni), and in liquid (2‐log reduction of C. jejuni). Considering the stability of O3, ease of use, and antimicrobial efficacy against foodborne pathogens, our results suggest that ABI is a better alternative, especially for meat and poultry processors, as compared to dry ice. Further, ABI can potentially serve as an additional processing hurdle to guard against pathogens during processing, transportation, distribution, and/or storage.Practical Application:  A new product known as ALIGAL™ Blue Ice (ABI) incorporates ozone in dry ice pellets, combining the high cooling capacity of dry ice pellets and the antimicrobial efficacy of ozone. This study evaluated the antimicrobial efficacy of ABI compared to dry ice under potential commercial processing conditions, specifically examining the impact on airborne, surface, moisture, and food contamination. Treatment with ABI resulted in higher reductions of bacteria with airborne contamination, on chicken breast, on surfaces, and in liquid compared to dry ice. Thus, ABI can serve as an additional processing hurdle to guard against pathogens during food processing and storage.
Selection of Dominant NSLAB from a Mature Traditional Cheese According to their Technological Properties and in vitro Intestinal Challenges
Authors: Papanikolaou Zacharias , Hatzikamari Magdalini , Georgakopoulos Panayiotis , Yiangou Minas , Litopoulou‐Tzanetaki Evanthia , Tzanetakis Nikolaos 
Published: May 2012

Abstract:  Isolates (47) of lactobacilli from 5 different productions of Melichloro cheese were examined for potential use as adjunct cultures. The sodium dodecyl sulfate‐polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS‐PAGE) of whole‐cell proteins classified 29 isolates as L. paraplantarum and 18 as L. paracasei subsp. paracasei. Randomly amplified polymorphic DNA‐polymerase chain reaction (RAPD‐PCR) analysis differentiated the L. paraplantarum and L. paracasei subsp. paracasei isolates at strain level and both, RAPD analysis and whole‐cell protein profiling provided useful information about the diversity of nonstarter lactic acid bacteria (NSLAB) in the different cheese productions. The isolates were slow acidifiers and about 70% of them degraded, preferentially αs‐casein. The amounts of amino acids accumulated in the milk increased with the incubation time. A similar enzyme profile was exhibited by strains of both species, except for α‐mannosidase and α‐fucosidase, which were not detected in the L. paracasei subsp. paracasei strains. All strains grew in the presence of bile at 0.3% and the majority was able to withstand pH 2.5 and pancreatin at 0.1%. Moreover, all strains reduced cholesterol in vitro, with higher removal ability recorded for strains of L. paraplantarum. A narrow spectrum of antibacterial activity was recorded for 88% of the strains. Selected isolates with appropriate technological and interesting in vitro intestinal challenges could be used as adjuncts and deserve further studies.Practical Application:  Strains selected by this study could be used as adjuncts to make the Melichloro cheese. Their contribution to cheese flavor is then going to be studied to select the most appropriate. Of course these strains have to be also studied for their probiotic potential, to say that we have a probiotic food.
From archives to conservation: why historical data are needed to set baselines for marine animals and ecosystems
Authors: McClenachan Loren , Ferretti Francesco , Baum Julia K. 
Published: May 2012

AbstractIntergenerational loss of information about the abundance of exploited species can lead to shifting baselines, which have direct consequences for how species and ecosystems are managed. Historical data provide a means of regaining that information, but they still are not commonly applied in marine conservation and management. Omission of relevant historical information typically results in assessments of conservation status that are more optimistic, recovery targets that are lower, and fisheries quotas that are higher than if long‐term data were considered. Here, we review data and methods that can be used to estimate historical baselines for marine species including bony fishes, sharks, turtles, and mammals, demonstrate how baselines used in management change when historical data are included, and provide specific examples of how data from the past can be applied in management and conservation including extinction risk assessment, recovery target setting, and management of data‐poor fisheries. Incorporating historical data into conservation and management frameworks presents challenges, but the alternative—losing information on past population sizes and ecological variability—represents a greater risk to effective management of marine species and ecosystems.
Social networks supporting governance of coastal ecosystems in Solomon Islands
Authors: Cohen Philippa J. , Evans Louisa S. , Mills Morena 
Published: May 2012

AbstractTo address biodiversity loss and secure livelihoods reliant on natural resources, environmental governance is increasingly focused on connecting local management to higher scales of policy and planning. Governance networks can foster cross‐scale relations between actors for collective purposes. We examine a governance network of non‐governmental organizations, government agencies, and local communities involved in adaptive co‐management of coastal ecosystems in Solomon Islands. We use quantitative social network analysis to examine patterns of collaborative and knowledge‐exchange relations among agencies. We examine network structure alongside qualitative data to understand the potential of the network to facilitate coordination and learning among management actors. We identify social networks that transcend the formal membership of the governance network. Cross‐scale analysis highlights that network members are the only functional pathway for cross‐scale knowledge‐exchange and higher‐level representation of local issues. We find midscale managers (e.g., provincial governments) are poorly connected. The governance network also provides the primary means for knowledge‐exchange between agencies and is important for multi‐actor learning about best practice for conservation. Yet, we identify geographic, logistical, and institutional barriers and tradeoffs to multi‐actor and cross‐scale coordination and learning.
Prognostic factors and survival of patients with small cell lung cancer in a northeastern Chinese population
Authors: Liu Sha , Zhang Guoli , Li Chunhong , Chen Xuesong , Wang Shun , Wang Mingkun , Cai Li 
Published: May 2012

AbstractBackground:  This study presents the characteristics and treatment of small cell lung cancer (SCLC) and an analysis of the factors that impact survival in northeastern Chinese populations, among both smokers and non‐smokers.Methods:  A retrospective review was performed using 485 Chinese patients diagnosed with pathologically confirmed SCLC diagnoses between January 2001 and December 2007. Data on patient characteristics, treatment patterns, and outcome information was collected systematically. Univariate analysis and the Cox multivariate regression model were used to evaluate prognostic factors.Results:  Median survival time was 16 months in all patients, 31 months in limited stage (LS) patients, and 10 months in extensive‐stage (ES) patients. Never‐smoking patients (P= 0.0368) with good performance status (PS) (P= 0.0044) or with normal lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels (P < 0.0001), demonstrated superior survival rates. Multivariate analysis identified that cycles of chemotherapy, PS, LDH levels, recurrence or progression, and clinical stage were each independent prognostic factors applicable to all patients. In LS‐SCLC, cycles of chemotherapy were the only prognostic indicator; however, cycles of chemotherapy, LDH levels, and recurrence or progression, were all significant factors in ES‐SCLC.Conclusion:  Cycles of chemotherapy, PS, LDH levels, recurrence or progression, and clinical stage were proved to be independent prognostic factors for SCLC with variant value based on the SCLC tumor stage.
Accent, Intelligibility, and the Role of the Listener: Perceptions of English‐Accented German by Native German Speakers
Authors: Hayes‐Harb Rachel , Watzinger‐Tharp Johanna 
Published: May 2012

AbstractWe explore the relationship between accentedness and intelligibility, and investigate how listeners’ beliefs about nonnative speech interact with their accentedness and intelligibility judgments. Native German speakers and native English learners of German produced German sentences, which were presented to 12 native German speakers in accentedness judgment and intelligibility tasks. Accentedness and intelligibility were correlated when all talkers were considered together; however, the correlation was not significant for the English‐accented speech alone. Native German listeners also completed a questionnaire concerning their beliefs about the roles of different factors in determining native‐likeness. Analyses revealed that the different beliefs of listeners do not necessarily lead to different judgments of nonnative speech. However, the qualitative data pointed to considerable variance in the native German listeners’ assessment of second language pronunciation.
Parotid salivary gland carcinoma in a geriatric horse
Authors: McConnell E. J. , Sanz M. G. , Kafka U. C. M. , Duncan N. M. 
Published: May 2012

SummaryThis case report describes a geriatric gelding with a 2 month history of fast‐growing masses within the parotid and submandibular regions. The horse was dyspnoeic on presentation and upper airway endoscopy revealed partial airway obstruction at the level of the pharynx, secondary to a space‐occupying mass. Cytological evaluation of multiple fine‐needle aspirates obtained from the masses were suggestive of salivary gland neoplasia, therefore the horse was subjected to humane euthanasia. A computed tomographical scan was obtainedpost mortemand revealed a large multi‐lobulated mass involving both guttural pouches, resulting in 80% occlusion of the naso‐ and oropharynx. Histopathology confirmed a parotid salivary gland carcinoma (papillary‐cystic type). Salivary gland tumours are extremely rare in horses, with only a few cases reported in the literature. Treatment of these malignancies proves to be challenging, requiring complete parotidectomy or surgical debulkment, in combination with adjunctive therapy.
Pattern recognition receptors in equine endotoxaemia and sepsis
Authors: WERNERS A. H. , BRYANT C. E. 
Published: May 2012

SummaryPattern recognition receptors (PRRs) on host cells detect pathogens to activate innate immunity which, in turn, initiates inflammatory and adaptive immune responses. Successful activation of PRRs is, therefore, critical to controlling infections and driving pathogen‐specific adaptive immunity, but overactivity of PRRs causes systemic inflammation, which is detrimental to the host. Here we review the PRR literature as it relates to horses and speculate on the role PRRs may play in sepsis and endotoxaemia.
An explant based‐method for differentiating adipocytes from equine adipose tissue
Authors: SUAGEE J. K. , CORL B. A. 
Published: May 2012

SummaryCulturing adipocytes enables fine control of experimental conditions and helps minimise animal use. This report describes an explant‐based method for isolating stromal‐vascular cells from equine adipose tissue that enables use of small amounts of tissue. Subcutaneous and mesenteric adipose tissues were harvested post mortem and stromal‐vascular cells grown from explants, prior to testing the capacity of several differentiation media to induce lipid droplet formation and increase transcript abundance of adipocyte markers. Inclusion of rosiglitazone at 1 and 5 µmol/l concentrations, along with other media components, induced differentiation of cultured equine stromal‐vascular cells derived from subcutaneous and mesenteric adipose tissues.
Nutritional management of adults with inflammatory bowel disease: practical lessons from the available evidence
Authors: Smith Melissa A , Smith Trevor , Trebble Timothy M 
Published: May 2012

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is associated with impairment of nutritional status both anthropometrically and biochemically, which results from both qualitative and quantitative changes in dietary intake alongside disease activity. Dietary intervention to replace deficiency is essential and may also be used to treat active disease and to reduce symptoms. The evidence for dietary interventions in this area is reviewed and the following recommendations made:■Assessment of nutritional status is an essential part of the investigation of all patients with IBD and deficiency should be actively sought.■Any patient with macro- or micronutrient deficiency should be referred for dietetic assessment.■Micronutrient deficiency (most frequently iron, vitamin B12, folate and magnesium) should be replaced aggressively, parenterally if necessary.■Significant improvement in gastrointestinal symptoms can be achieved by low-residue diets (for stricturing disease) and (always under dietetic supervision) management of lactose and other intolerances.■Irritable bowel syndrome symptoms in patients with IBD can respond to low fermentable oligo-, di-, monosaccharide and polyol (FODMAP) diets, again this must be done under dietetic supervision.■Active Crohn's disease can be treated by exclusive enteral nutrition (elemental/polymeric/altered fat formulations all have equivalent efficacy).■Enteral nutrition can maintain remission in Crohn's disease and in this context can be given alongside normal oral intake.■Nutritional support does not have an established role in the treatment of active ulcerative colitis, other than in the management of malnutrition.■Total parenteral nutrition should not be used unless intestinal failure occurs.■There is insufficient evidence to support the routine use of Ω3 fish oil, prebiotics and glutamine in the treatment of active IBD.