bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Uso de Indicadores de Sustentabilidade Ambiental Força-Motriz-Pressão-Estado-Impacto-Resposta (FPEIR) para avaliação de doenças de veiculação hídrica na Cidade de Parintins-AM, na Lagoa da Francesa
Authors: Mucussete Fernando , Albuquerque Carlossandro Carvalho de , Azevedo Filho João D’Annunzio Menezes de 
Published: May 2024

Atualmente, a preocupação com a poluição dos rios urbanos aumentou devido ao crescimento populacional e ao lançamento de efluentes sem tratamento adequado, resultando na degradação desses corpos hídricos. Este estudo aborda sobre o uso de Indicadores de Sustentabilidade Ambiental (FPEIR) para avaliar doenças de transmissão hídrica na Lagoa da Francesa, em Parintins-AM, e busca avaliar as perturbações ambientais e os seus impactos na verificação de doenças de veiculação hídrica, e de seus impactos na saúde pública. Utilizou-se o Protocolo de Avaliação Rápida (PAR) para realizar análises preliminares e observações no local. O estudo é bibliográfico, documental, exploratório e descritivo, com abordagem qualitativa, baseado em informações de órgãos governamentais, como o IBGE[1], o DATASUS[2] e a SEPLAN[3]. Os resultados indicaram uma grande quantidade de embarcações poluindo o ambiente fluvial com resíduos químicos e sólidos, além do crescimento populacional e a falta de aplicação de Leis Ambientais e do Plano Diretor. As águas ao redor da Lagoa da Francesa estão contaminadas com metais pesados, como Chumbo, Cobre, Cádmio, Níquel e Zinco. Embora não tenham sido encontrados casos alarmantes de doenças de transmissão hídrica, foram registradas a malária e a dengue, mais comuns durante a estiagem. Portanto, é necessário um reordenamento espacial, educação ambiental, gestão integrada e participativa dos recursos hídricos, e implementação dos instrumentos da Política Nacional de Recursos Hídricos, das Leis Ambientais e do Plano Diretor da cidade de Parintins-AM.

[1] Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística.
[2] Departamento de Informática do Sistema Único de Saúde.
[3] Secretaria de Estado do Planejamento.
The Fischbach Alps: A Geomorphological Record of late Neogene Uplift at the Eastern Margin of the European Alps
Authors: Hohmann Konstantin , Stüwe Kurt 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Low-relief surfaces at high elevations are peculiar features of the Eastern Alps that are best explained as relicts of morphological base levels that escaped erosive decay during uplift. To expand our knowledge of such surfaces in the Eastern Alps, the Fischbach Alps at the eastern end of the range are investigated. There, a large number of these elevated low-relief surfaces have been known for some time, but modern mapping is absent and their genesis is not well understood. A combined approach of field mapping, morphometric analysis of a digital elevation model and downstream projection of geomorphic equilibrium sections in river profiles was employed to: (i) create a geomorphological map of the region and (ii) to extract quantitative data from river profiles to infer the amount of uplift and incision. Six discrete levels of low-relief surfaces and relict landscapes are recognized at elevations between ~500 m and ~1600 m. Some of the lower levels are interpreted to relate to the well-known Trahutten, Landscha and Stadelberg levels, known from other parts of Styria, respectively. Mapped low-relief surface levels follow the northward directed topographic gradient in the mountainous region of the Fischbach Alps. The formation of elevated low-relief surfaces is consistent with a Piedmonttreppen model, where successive phases of tectonic uplift and tectonic quiescence led to a succession of incised landscapes and low-relief surfaces. However, the entire region south of the Murztal was also then tilted towards the Styrian Basin by about ~1–2°. Swath profile analysis for the Raab and Weizbach Klamm suggests a minimum of ~400–450 m incision since the formation of the so called Hubenhalt level. This implies that the geomorphic response to tectonic uplift after the formation of the higher Wolscheneck and Koralm relict landscapes led to an estimated incision of up to 1000 m (868±101 m), relative to the base level of today’s Styrian Basin at ~380 m. By comparing published age data to the presented mapping results, the onset for much of the uplift at the eastern end of the Alps is suggested to lie between ~4–7 Ma, before the formation of the Hubenhalt and Trahutten levels. Because the mapped levels correlate well with those in many other regions at similar elevations, a growing body of work now suggests that the underlying uplift event has a large wavelength.
Human intelligence for authors, reviewers and editors using artificial intelligence
Authors: Palacios Gomez Mauricio 
Published: May 2024

We call artificial intelligence any machine that processes information with some purpose, complying with the logical rules of Turing's computation described more than 70 years ago. These machines work with instructions called algorithms, a finite and well-defined sequence of information processing implemented by automata (computers) or any digital technology to optimize a process. This means that the purpose of artificial intelligence is optimization
Rabies death in a prisoner: necessity for medical history documentation
Authors: Mandal Kalyani , Satapathy Durga Madhab , Dash Priyatosh , Dash Abhijeet 
Published: May 2024

Rabies is a zoonotic illness with a high mortality rate that attacks mammals' central nervous systems. It is a viral illness that may be avoided with immunization. Up to 99% of the human rabies transmissions occur in dogs, making them the primary cause of rabies mortality in humans. It is a case-report of rabies death in a 55-years old male, a prisoner from Phulbani Jail (Kandhamal), who was presented to MKCG Medical College and Hospital casualty with with chief complaints of difficulty in breathing and difficulty in drinking water since last night on 17 July 2023, at 11:19 pm. The patient had a history of dog bite exposure four years ago, for which he had not received any post-exposure prophylaxis. The patient was identified as having a likely case of rabies based on his previous history of animal bite and clinical manifestations. Patient was declared dead on 18 July 2023 at 10:30 am. Rabies diagnosis was confirmed by pathological examination of brain sample which showed presence of Negri bodies. This case-report focuses on the importance of proper medical history information including any animal bite exposure especially for convicts before admitting in prison so as to avoid later morbidity and its legal consequences. Such kind of incident also shows that there is lack of awareness regarding rabies in community. In this instance, mortality may have been prevented if the patient had finished the anti-rabies vaccine regimen and made it to a higher center in time for immunoglobulin. Increasing rabies vaccination awareness among the general public can help reduce rabies-related deaths.
The Role of Tranexamic Acid (TXA) In Spine Surgery for Patients with Comorbidities in Basra/Iraq
Authors: Al-Mahfoodh Ali B. , F. Lui Darren , A. Hamdan Thamer 
Published: May 2024

Background: Blood loss occurs frequently and remains a challenge in spinal surgery. As significant intra and postoperative hemorrhage negatively affects patient outcomes by increasing coagulopathy, postoperative hematoma, and anemia. The need for allogenic blood transfusions can lead to potential transfusion reactions and infections, in addition to increasing long-term mortality rates. Although there are many randomized control trials and meta-analysis investigating the role of tranexamic acid (TXA), we could not find any study that investigated the role of TXA in patients with medical comorbidities. Therefore, tackling the role of TXA in patients with single or multiple comorbidities is of valuable outcome to our locality as most of the patients have indeed associated comorbidities.
Objectives: to investigate the role of tranexamic acid in decreasing perioperative blood loss in patients with multiple comorbidities as compared to otherwise healthy individuals.
Patients and methods: A single center randomized control trial. We included patients that were about to undergo simple decompressive surgeries for lumbar canal stenosis and fixation with decompression for spondylolisthesis. Patients were randomly categorized into cases (who received TXA) and controls who received NS. Patients then were subcategorized according to comorbidities and types of surgeries. Intraoperative blood loss was calculated using the suction drain and the gauze while the post operative bleeding was calculated using the drain output.
Results: There was 441.84 ml (49.6 %) decrease in intraoperative bleeding for patients who received TXA as compared to controls regardless the type of surgery and regardless the presence or absence of comorbidities. Hypertensive patients had 52.7 % reduction in intraoperative bleeding when received TXA, Diabetic patients showed 44.4 % reduction in bleeding, Obese patients showed 51.1% reduction and patients with multiple comorbidities showed 51% reduction in intraoperative bleeding while healthy individuals showed 38.9% reduction in intraoperative bleeding.
Conclusion: TXA was even more effective in decreasing intraoperative bleeding in patients with multiple comorbidities as compared to healthy individuals.
A Study of the Population Density of Aphids and Coccinella septempunctata on Different Wheat Cultivars
Authors: Al-Hamawandy Shaymaa A.K. , Najm S.M. , Reza N. Abdul 
Published: May 2024

Background: Wheat is considered one of the primary and strategic grain crops in the world in terms of production and importance. The increment in both quantity and quality of wheat production renders it susceptible to various pests and diseases, including both insects and non-insect pests. The study aims to study the extent of infection of the IPA 99, IPA 22 and Abu Ghraib wheat varieties with aphids. Methods: A general survey of aphids on Abu Ghraib, IPA 99 and IPA 22 wheat varieties was carried out in the fields of the College of Agriculture/ University of Baghdad in Abu Ghraib during the growing season 2021-2022. Result: The results of the field survey indicated the presence of three species of aphids on the wheat crops belonging to the order Hemiptera and the family Aphididae: the wheat aphid [Schizaphis graminum (Rondani)], the oat aphid [Rhopalosiphum padi (L.)] and the corn aphid (Rhopalosiphum maidis). Wheat and oat aphids were the most commonly found on the crops. The presence of aphids on the plants was affected by the predominant environmental conditions like temperature, humidity, the chemical components of the host plants and the interactions between these factors. Additionally, we identified one type of predator belonging to the order of Coleoptera, the seven-spotted ladybug (Coccinella septempunctata), which was observed to be affected by the pest density. Aphids are a major pest of wheat in Iraq and they can cause significant losses of crops if their population is not controlled.
A research proposal to examine psychological factors that influence financial planning for retirement in China
Authors: Han Ren , Sang Lim Thien 
Published: May 2024

The life expectancy rate of individuals worldwide has risen, and China is not excluded. Combined with an aging population, increasing pressure on the pension fund system, and a lack of savings, it poses a significant challenge to financial security unless measures are taken to improve individuals’ planning and financial well-being in retirement. This study aims to examine the psychological factors that influence individuals' FPR, thereby expanding the explanatory models for retirement savings decisions and behaviors. Using the CWO Model and supported by image Theory and the 3M Model, this research focuses on how the interaction between future time perspective, risk tolerance, retirement goal clarity, subjective financial literacy and objective financial literacy as psychological characteristics influence individuals' FPR. To obtain meaningful results, back translation was used to check the accuracy of the preliminary translation of research instruments. This translation method was also combined with the pretest method of expert reviews and cognitive interviews to increase the validity of the survey questionnaire. A purposive sampling technique will be applied to collect data from adults who are over 23 years old and have a certain income stream in six cities in China. The Structural Equation Modelling software will be used to examine the hypotheses of direct and mediating effects. This study has implications for financial market regulators, policy makers, and consumers.
Keywords: CWO model; decision-making; financial planning; financial literacy; psychological factors; retirement
Traumatic Floating Total Hip Arthroplasty
Authors: Brodell James D. , Newman Jared M. , Soin Sandeep P. 
Published: May 2024

Update:
This article was updated on July 19, 2024 because of a previous error. One author's name was incorrect. The correct name is Jared M. Newman.
An erratum (JBJS Case Connect. 2024;14[3]:e24.00046ER) has been published for this article.

Case:
A 58-year-old woman with medical history of a left total hip arthroplasty performed by the direct anterior (DA) approach 2 years prior presented with left hip pain. She was found to have sustained a transverse Vancouver C periprosthetic femur fracture and an unstable periprosthetic pelvic fracture.

Conclusions:
This patient's case represents a previously not reported injury about a total hip arthroplasty—with disruption distal to the femoral implant and proximal to the acetabular implant, with the implant-to-bone interface unaffected. This case may guide future treatment of similar injuries.
Evaluating Grade 5 Teacher Competence Provides Global Education Insights
Authors: Ummah Siti Roudotul , Wahyuni Akhtim 
Published: May 2024

This qualitative study examines the professional competence of Grade 5 teachers at SDN GELAM 1 Candi through interviews, observations, and documentation. The research aims to assess subject mastery, teaching structures, and ongoing professional development. Findings suggest teachers demonstrate competence but have room for improvement in aligning with defined indicators. Emphasizing continuous development, creative content delivery, and technology integration can enhance teaching practices and student learning outcomes.

Highlight:

Teacher Competence Assessment: Evaluating subject mastery and teaching effectiveness.
Ongoing Professional Development: Emphasizing continuous improvement and training.
Technology in Teaching: Leveraging tech for enhanced educational practices.

Keyword: Professional competence, Grade 5 teachers, Qualitative research, Educational development, Technology integration.
Enhancement of the Structure and Biochemical Function of Cyclomaltodextrinase from the Anoxybacillus flavithermus ZNU-NGA with Site-directed Mutagenesis
Authors: Mirzaee Ziba , Jafarian Vahab , Khalifeh Khosrow 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

This study was conducted to examine the role of the central domain of cyclomaltodextrinase (GenBank: KT633577.1) in terms of stability, substrate specificity, becoming dodecameric form, and enzyme activity. To this end, H403R/L309V double-point mutation and T280Q single-point mutation were performed at the central domain and (β/α)8-barrel. The results indicated that the activity of the H403R/L309V mutant at the optimal pH and temperature increased by about 25% and 40%, respectively, compared to the wild enzyme. Plus, the irreversible thermal inactivation of the H403R/L309V mutant at 60℃ and 160 min was approximately twice of the wild enzyme. Both mutants underwent significant structural change relative to the wild enzyme and subsequently a significant catalytic activity. However, the catalytic efficiency (kcat/Km) of the H403R/L309V mutant increased in the presence of beta- and gamma-cyclomaltodextrin substrates compared to the wild enzyme and T280Q mutant. As a result, by applying the L309V mutant and given the smaller size of the valine, leucine spatial inhibition in the wild protein seems to decline and also it facilitates the substrate access to active site amino acids. Moreover, as gamma substrates are larger, eliminating the effect of spatial inhibition on this substrate has a greater effect on improving the catalytic activity of this enzyme.
Genome Sequencing Reveals the Presence of Five Pathogenic Bacterial Species in Wheat in Argentina
Authors: Fumero Maria Veronica , Garis Sol Belen , Alberione Enrique , Jofre Edgardo , Vanzetti Leonardo Sebastian 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Wheat is a highly important food grain source in the human diet and is considered a global primary commodity. A number of bacterial diseases affect wheat production around the globe and are reported to reduce annual wheat production by about 10% and up to 40% depending on climatic conditions such as humidity and precipitations. Accurate, sensitive, and timely detection of these and other pathogens is essential for effective crop disease management. In the present study, using real-time ONT sequencing, we identified the presence of five species of pathogenic bacteria in wheat leaf lesions during a natural infection in Argentina, and sequenced and assembled their complete genomes. The isolated species were the G(+) Curtobacterium flaccumfaciens pv. flaccumfaciens and Clavibacter tessellarius, and the G(-) Xanthomonas translucens pv. undulosa, Pantoea ananatis and Pseudomonas syringae. This paper contributes with accurate data on the phylogenetic status of the five isolated species, as well as current whole-genome-scale data on the species involved, providing a basis for further application of omics strategies in the study of genetic diversity and exploration of the virulence strategies of the pathogens for future improvement of wheat health.
Preliminary study on the effect of certain weeds control strategies on the seed bank of the soil
Authors: Abusteit Ezzaldin , Absy Ragab , Ismail Abdo , Hassan Assem 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Regular studies of soil seed bank can give a lot of information about different weed species that persist in experimental fields, and help in planning of different weed management strategies. In this work, two field experiments in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) were carried out at Giza Farm Station that located at Giza governorate, Egypt, to evaluate the effect of certain weed control strategies on the weeds' species seed bank in the soil during the summer season of the years 2021 and 2022. To determine all weed species in the soil seed bank, both emergence method and extracted seeds method were used. Obtained results indicated that emergence method has recorded less seedling number than those of seed extraction method, and horizontals distribution of soil seed bank at zero time, showed high significance at (p ≥ 0.01) between the experiments' replicates for most weed species and their total, while vertical distribution of soil seed bank showed no significantly differences between the two depth of 5 and 15 cm for all weed species except those of Setaria virids and Ipomia eriocarpa. Finally, the implemented strategy based on applying pre and post herbicides and mechanical at same sequence during the two successive summer seasons has reduced significantly the soil seed banks of all identified weed species and their total.
Label Free Electrochemical cDNA-Biosensor for Selective and Sensitive Detection of Canine Distemper Virus in Biological Samples
Authors: Hosea Hosea A. , Philip Joseph Y.N. , Maeda Daniel G. , Mahadhy Ally 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Canine distemper, a viral disease with a global impact on various animals including dogs, foxes, wolves, lions, and leopards, requires early diagnosis for effective treatment and outbreak prevention. Common laboratory methods, such as enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, polymerase chain reaction, and viral isolation, face challenges such as extended turnaround time, high costs, and the expertise required. This study has developed a field-based biosensor for canine distemper detection, utilizing a screen-printed carbon electrode and a computer-assisted portable potentiostat. A 30-mer oligonucleotide capture probe, designed using the Primer3 Plus software version: 3.3.0, detects hybridization with the canine distemper virus complementary strand through electrochemical analysis via differential pulsed voltammetry. The developed biosensor exhibited good linearity in quantifying the target analyte concentration (0.1 µM to 12.8 µM) with a detection limit of 0.05 µM. Specificity tests using complementary and non-complementary sequences confirm the biosensor’s accuracy. The screen-printed electrode can be reused up to eight times with a residual capacity of 93.72 ± 5.45% after regeneration using a 50 mM NaOH solution. The developed biosensor was also used to detect the canine distemper virus from biological samples after the extraction of RNA and amplification. Results aligned with reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction findings, showing 100% agreement. These findings support the potential development of a field-deployable portable device for effectively diagnosing canine distemper in biological samples.
Deciphering Earth’s deep mantle hemispheric geochemical dichotomy with machine learning
Authors: Li Zefeng , Ma Shang , Chen Ling , Shen Ji , Li Yunguo , Wang Wenzhong , Leng Wei 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Global geochemical zoning of the mantle provides critical constraints on Earth’s internal dynamics and evolutionary history. However, whether geochemical heterogeneities in the deep mantle are dominated by the hemispheric DUPAL anomaly1,2 or by the two large low shear-wave velocity provinces (LLSVPs) has recently been debated3. Here, we employ machine learning to objectively assess the credibility of the two hypotheses on two different datasets of radiogenic isotopic records from global ocean island basalts. We observe discrepant classification accuracies for the LLSVP-based dichotomy and contradictory roles of the most characteristic 87Sr/86Sr isotopic ratio in two different datasets where the hemispheric DUPAL dichotomy remains robust and consistent. The two most important isotopic ratios, i.e., 87Sr/86Sr and 206Pb/204Pb, effectively distinguish the austral and boreal domains to the same extent as all the isotopic ratios combined. This discovery concisely defines the DUPAL anomaly in the 87Sr/86Sr - 206Pb/204Pb diagram, which highlights the key role of the Enriched Mantle 1 (EM1) component. The importance of EM1 supports the historical large-scale mass transfer of lower continental crust into the deep mantle in the Southern Hemisphere and could be attributed to widespread lithospheric delamination caused by continental collisions during Gondwana amalgamation at ~600-500 Ma. These observations illustrate how machine learning from large geochemical datasets contributes to revealing robust patterns in heterogeneous and evolutionarily deep Earth.