bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lymphedema beyond breast cancer
Authors: Cormier Janice N. , Askew Robert L. , Mungovan Kristi S. , Xing Yan , Ross Merrick I. , Armer Jane M. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractBACKGROUND:Secondary lymphedema is a debilitating, chronic, progressive condition that commonly occurs after the treatment of breast cancer. The purpose of the current study was to perform a systematic review and meta‐analysis of the oncology‐related literature excluding breast cancer to derive estimates of lymphedema incidence and to identify potential risk factors among various malignancies.METHODS:The authors systematically reviewed 3 major medical indices (MEDLINE, Cochrane Library databases, and Scopus) to identify studies (1972‐2008) that included a prospective assessment of lymphedema after cancer treatment. Studies were categorized according to malignancy, and data included treatment, complications, lymphedema measurement criteria, lymphedema incidence, and follow‐up interval. A quality assessment of individual studies was performed using established criteria for systematic reviews. Bayesian meta‐analytic techniques were applied to derive summary estimates when sufficient data were available.RESULTS:A total of 47 studies (7779 cancer survivors) met inclusion criteria: melanoma (n = 15), gynecologic malignancies (n = 22), genitourinary cancers (n = 8), head/neck cancers (n = 1), and sarcomas (n = 1). The overall incidence of lymphedema was 15.5% and varied by malignancy (P < .001): melanoma, 16% (upper extremity, 5%; lower extremity, 28%); gynecologic, 20%; genitourinary, 10%; head/neck, 4%; and sarcoma, 30%. Increased lymphedema risk was also noted for patients undergoing pelvic dissections (22%) and radiation therapy (31%). Objective measurement methods and longer follow‐up were both associated with increased lymphedema incidence.CONCLUSIONS:Lymphedema is a common condition affecting cancer survivors with various malignancies. The incidence of lymphedema is related to the type and extent of treatment, anatomic location, heterogeneity of assessment methods, and length of follow‐up. Cancer 2010. © 2010 American Cancer Society.
Characterization of L‐ascorbic acid single crystals grown from solution with different solvents
Authors: Srinivasan K. , Vanitha Devi K. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractSingle crystals of L‐ascorbic acid, popularly known as vitamin‐C, were grown from solutions with different solvents and solvent combinations by low temperature solution growth methods. The suitability of different solvents and solvent combinations such as acetone, ethanol, methanol, isopropyl alcohol, water, water + acetone (1:1), water + ethanol (3:1), water + isopropyl alcohol (3:1) and isopropyl alcohol + methanol (1:1) for crystal growth of L‐ascorbic acid was found out by assessing the solubility and crystallization behaviours. Solubility of L‐ascorbic acid in selected solvents and solvent combinations in a range of temperatures was determined by gravimetric method. Solution prepared with water, water + acetone (1:1), water + ethanol (3:1) and water + isopropyl alcohol (3:1) were yielded crystals with tabular, columnar and prismatic habits and their morphologies were evaluated by goniometry. Grown single crystals were characterized with various instrumental techniques such as powder X‐ray diffraction, Fourier infrared spectroscopy, optical transmittance study, differential scanning calorimetry and second harmonic generation studies. (© 2010 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Self‐Organized Helical Equilibria in the RFX‐Mod Reversed Field Pinch
Authors: Terranova D. , Gobbin M. , Boozer A. H. , Hirshman S. P. , Marrelli L. , Pomphrey N. , the RFX‐Mod Team  
Published: July 2010

AbstractWith operation at high plasma current (Ip ∼ 1.5 MA), the plasma in the RFX‐mod reversed field pinch self‐organises in a 3D helical state with almost conserved flux surfaces featuring strong electron temperature barriers. Up to now the equilibrium of such states was obtained by a perturbative solution of the Newcomb equation in toroidal geometry. This allowed for the mapping of the electron temperature, density and SXR emissivity profiles on helical flux surfaces thus proving the correlation between kinetic plasma quantities and the underlying helical magnetic topology.In order to obtain a full 3D equilibrium reconstruction, the magnetic topology of a SHAx state has been also reconstructed with the VMEC code adapted for the RFP using experimental profiles as input data. Previous results for the axisymmetric case were used as benchmark. It is found that helical equilibria are characterised by a particular q profile with a region of zero magnetic shear as this has been found to be a key ingredient to trigger internal transport barriers (© 2010 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Effects of Net Currents on the Magnetic Configuration of W7‐X
Authors: Geiger J. , Beidler C.D. , Drevlak M. , Maaßberg H. , Nührenberg C. , Suzuki Y. , Turkin Yu. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractConfigurations deviating from the optimum high‐mirror configuration of W7‐X may show significant bootstrap currents being detrimental for proper island divertor operation. Two basic scenarios to reconcile this are investigated with respect to equilibrium, stability and boundary structures. The first scenario with freely evolving bootstrap current realizes proper divertor operation by adjusting the vacuum magnetic field. As the bootstrap current evolves on the L/R time scale (40s) this needs long discharges. The second scenario compensates the net current by proper ECCD keeping the boundary structures basically constant sacrificing the low‐shear t ‐profile (mismatching ECCD and bootstrap current). Both scenarios seem to be viable experimental candidates. The present study needs further elaboration for more consistency between transport and equilibrium calculations (© 2010 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Diffusion tensor quantification of the relations between microstructural and macrostructural indices of white matter and reading
Authors: Frye Richard E. , Liederman Jacqueline , Hasan Khader M. , Lincoln Alexis , Malmberg Benjamin , McLean John , Papanicolaou Andrew 
Published: July 2010

AbstractFew researchers agree about the relationship between fronto–temporo–parietal white matter microstructure and reading skills. Unlike many previous reports, which only measured fractional anisotropy, we have also measured macroscopic volume (regional white matter tract volume) and three microstructural indices (axial, radial, and mean diffusivity) to increase interpretability of our findings. We examined the reading‐related skills and white matter structure in 10 adolescents and adults with a history of poor reading and 20 age‐matched typical readers. We applied a diffusion tensor imaging atlas‐based algorithm to major white matter pathways. The relation of white matter structural indices to reading group, hemisphere, and reading‐related skill was analyzed using linear models. White matter microstructural indices were related to performance on a sublexical decoding task, but the relations between particular microstructural indices and sublexical decoding ability and reading group were different for association (i.e., cortical–cortical) and projection (i.e., subcortical–cortical) white matter pathways. Changes in projection pathways were consistent with alterations in white matter organization and axonal size, whereas changes in association pathways were consistent with alternations in pathway complexity. Changes in macrostructure paralleled changes in microstructure. We conclude that the relations between several microstructural indices and factors related to reading ability are different for association and projection pathways. Hum Brain Mapp, 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Intestinal type adenocarcinoma of the ethmoid sinus in wood and leather workers: A retrospective study of 153 cases
Authors: Cantu Giulio , Solero Carlo L. , Mariani Luigi , Lo Vullo Salvatore , Riccio Stefano , Colombo Sarah , Pompilio Madia , Perrone Federica , Formillo Paolo , Quattrone Pasquale 
Published: July 2010

AbstractBackgroundThe purpose of our study was to identify the role of work exposure to organic dusts in patients with malignant paranasal sinus tumors.MethodsWe analyzed all patients surgically treated for a malignant paranasal sinus tumor at our institution between 1987 and 2006. All patients were specifically asked about their occupational history. The tumor site was classified as maxillary or ethmoid sinus. Adenocarcinomas were divided into intestinal type (ITAC) and non‐ITAC.ResultsThe sample included 345 patients with ethmoid sinus and 301 maxillary sinus. Regarding the ethmoid sinus, we found an exposure to organic dusts in 148 of 153 patients with ITAC, in 3 of 16 patients with non‐ITAC adenocarcinoma, and in 10 of 176 patients with other tumors. Regarding the maxillary sinus, we found an exposure in 1 of 20 patients with non‐ITAC adenocarcinoma and in 4 of 281 patients with other histologies.ConclusionOur study demonstrates that only ethmoid ITACs have an indisputable relationship with the exposure to organic dusts. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2011
Targeting chromosomal instability and tumour heterogeneity in HER2‐positive breast cancer
Authors: Burrell Rebecca A. , Juul Nicolai , Johnston Stephen R. , Reis‐Filho Jorge S. , Szallasi Zoltan , Swanton Charles 
Published: July 2010

AbstractChromosomal instability (CIN) is a common cause of tumour heterogeneity and poor prognosis in solid tumours and describes cell–cell variation in chromosome structure or number across a tumour population. In this article we consider evidence suggesting that CIN may be targeted and may influence response to distinct chemotherapy regimens, using HER2‐positive breast cancer as an example. Pre‐clinical models have indicated a role for HER2 signalling in initiating CIN and defective cell‐cycle control, and evidence suggests that HER2‐targeting may attenuate this process. Anthracyclines and platinum agents may target tumours with distinct patterns of karyotypic complexity, whereas taxanes may have preferential activity in tumours with relative chromosomal stability. A greater understanding of karyotypic complexity and identification of methods to directly examine and target CIN may support novel strategies to improve outcome in cancer. J. Cell. Biochem. 111: 782–790, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Rap1 controls activation of the αMβ2 integrin in a talin‐dependent manner
Authors: Lim Jenson , Dupuy Aurélien G. , Critchley David R. , Caron Emmanuelle 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThe small GTPase Rap1 and the cytoskeletal protein talin regulate binding of C3bi‐opsonised red blood cells (RBC) to integrin αMβ2 in phagocytic cells, although the mechanism has not been investigated. Using COS‐7 cells transfected with αMβ2, we show that Rap1 acts on the β2 and not the αM chain, and that residues 732–761 of the β2 subunit are essential for Rap1‐induced RBC binding. Activation of αMβ2 by Rap1 was dependent on W747 and F754 in the β2 tails, which are required for talin head binding, suggesting a link between Rap1 and talin in this process. Using talin1 knock‐out cells or siRNA‐mediated talin1 knockdown in the THP‐1 monocytic cell line, we show that Rap1 acts upstream of talin but surprisingly, RIAM knockdown had little effect on integrin‐mediated RBC binding or cell spreading. Interestingly, Rap1 and talin influence each other's localisation at phagocytic cups, and co‐immunoprecipitation experiments suggest that they interact together. These results show that Rap1‐mediated activation of αMβ2 in macrophages shares both common and distinct features from Rap1 activation of αIIbβ3 expressed in CHO cells. J. Cell. Biochem. 111: 999–1009, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Cyclin‐dependent kinase 9 forms a complex with GATA4 and is involved in the differentiation of mouse ES cells into cardiomyocytes
Authors: Kaichi Shinji , Takaya Tomohide , Morimoto Tatsuya , Sunagawa Yoichi , Kawamura Teruhisa , Ono Koh , Shimatsu Akira , Baba Shiro , Heike Toshio , Nakahata Tatsutoshi , Hasegawa Koji 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThe treatment of ES cells with trichostatin A (TSA), an HDAC inhibitor, induces the acetylation of GATA4 as well as histones, and facilitates their differentiation into cardiomyocytes. Recently, we demonstrated that cyclin‐dependent kinase 9 (Cdk9), a core component of positive elongation factor‐b, is a novel GATA4‐binding partner. The present study examined whether Cdk9 forms a complex with GATA4 in mouse ES cells and is involved in their differentiation into cardiomyocytes. Mouse ES cells and Nkx2.5/GFP ES cells, in which green fluorescent protein (GFP) is expressed under the control of the cardiac‐specific Nkx2.5 promoter, were induced to differentiate on feeder‐free gelatin‐coated plates. Immunoprecipitation/Western blotting in nuclear extracts from mouse ES cells demonstrated that Cdk9 as well as cyclin T1 interact with GATA4 during myocardial differentiation. TSA treatment increased Nkx2.5/GFP‐positive cells and endogenous mRNA levels of Nkx2.5 and atrial natriuretic factor. To determine the role of Cdk9 in myocardial cell differentiation, we examined the effects of a dominant‐negative form of Cdk9 (DN‐Cdk9), which loses its kinase activity, and a Cdk9 kinase inhibitor, 5,6‐dichloro‐1‐β‐ribofuranosyl‐benzimidazole (DRB) on TSA‐induced myocardial cell differentiation. The introduction of the DN‐Cdk9 inhibited TSA‐induced increase in GFP expression in Nkx2.5/GFP ES cells. The administration of DRB into ES cells significantly inhibited TSA‐induced increase of endogenous Nkx2.5 mRNA levels in ES cells as well as GFP expression in Nkx2.5/GFP ES cells. These findings demonstrate that Cdk9 is involved in the differentiation of mouse ES cells into cardiomyocytes by interacting with GATA4. J. Cell. Physiol. 226: 248–254, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Peripheral nerve pericytes modify the blood–nerve barrier function and tight junctional molecules through the secretion of various soluble factors
Authors: Shimizu Fumitaka , Sano Yasuteru , Abe Masa‐aki , Maeda Toshihiko , Ohtsuki Sumio , Terasaki Tetsuya , Kanda Takashi 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThe objectives of this study were to establish pure blood–nerve barrier (BNB) and blood–brain barrier (BBB)‐derived pericyte cell lines of human origin and to investigate their unique properties as barrier‐forming cells. Brain and peripheral nerve pericyte cell lines were established via transfection with retrovirus vectors incorporating human temperature‐sensitive SV40 T antigen (tsA58) and telomerase. These cell lines expressed several pericyte markers such as α‐smooth muscle actin, NG2, platelet‐derived growth factor receptor β, whereas they did not express endothelial cell markers such as vWF and PECAM. In addition, the inulin clearance was significantly lowered in peripheral nerve microvascular endothelial cells (PnMECs) through the up‐regulation of claudin‐5 by soluble factors released from brain or peripheral nerve pericytes. In particular, bFGF secreted from peripheral nerve pericytes strengthened the barrier function of the BNB by increasing the expression of claudin‐5. Peripheral nerve pericytes may regulate the barrier function of the BNB, because the BNB does not contain cells equivalent to astrocytes which regulate the BBB function. Furthermore, these cell lines expressed several neurotrophic factors such as NGF, BDNF, and GDNF. The secretion of these growth factors from peripheral nerve pericytes might facilitate axonal regeneration in peripheral neuropathy. Investigation of the characteristics of peripheral nerve pericytes may provide novel strategies for modifying BNB functions and promoting peripheral nerve regeneration. J. Cell. Physiol. 226: 255–266, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Development of fluoroapatite chromatography for the purification of monoclonal antibody
Authors: Ng Paul K. , Yoshitake Tomohiko , Snyder Mark A. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractMonoclonal antibody was purified from tissue culture fluid using ceramic fluoroapatite chromatography. Efficiency of the capture step was shown to be sensitive to pH and phosphate concentration. More than 90% of host cell proteins were removed by ceramic fluoroapatite chromatography. Studies regarding pH control and metal adsorption are presented.
Degradation of Hyper‐Branched Poly(ethylenimine)‐graft‐poly(caprolactone)‐block‐monomethoxyl‐poly(ethylene glycol) as a Potential Gene Delivery Vector
Authors: Liu Yu , Steele Terry , Kissel Thomas 
Published: July 2010

AbstractWater‐soluble hyper‐branched poly(ethylenimine)‐graft‐poly(caprolactone)‐block‐monomethoxyl‐poly(ethylene glycol) cationic copolymers (hy‐PEI‐PCL‐mPEG) have shown potential for gene delivery. The degradation behavior of this type of copolymer is studied. Effects of the molecular weight of the hyper‐branched PEI (hy‐PEI), and the length of the mPEG and PCL blocks are investigated. The degradation is mainly monitored by the changes of molecular weight by GPC‐MALLS. The molecular weight changes of the copolymers in different aqueous solutions have been characterized as a function of incubation time at 37°C from 0 to 45 d. The micelle size and pH value have also been recorded accordingly to monitor the degradation in water. The investigation reveals that copolymers containing hy‐PEI2k degrade faster than others containing hy‐PEI10k and hy‐PEI25k based on the same mPEG‐PCL block, while copolymers those contain mPEG5k degrade faster than those containing mPEG2k and mPEG0.55k based on the same PCL segments and hy‐PEI. An inhibitory effect of acidic conditions and acceleration in basic media have been found for degradation in different buffers. A higher ionic strength of the buffer accelerated the degradation. The molecular weight of copolymer is reduced to 95% within one day with 10 mg·mL−1 of lipase while 70% remains with 5 mg·mL−1 of lipase. These investigations suggest that the degradation of hy‐PEI‐PCL‐mPEG can be designed and the degradation period is reasonable for gene‐transfer in vivo.magnified image
Aberrant expression of LMO4 induces centrosome amplification and mitotic spindle abnormalities in breast cancer cells
Authors: Montañez‐Wiscovich Marjorie E , Shelton Melissa D , Seachrist Darcie D , Lozada Kristen L , Johnson Emhonta , Miedler John D , Abdul‐Karim Fadi W , Visvader Jane E , Keri Ruth A 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThe LIM‐only protein, LMO4, is a transcriptional modulator overexpressed in breast cancer. It is oncogenic in murine mammary epithelium and is required for G2/M progression of ErbB2‐dependent cells as well as growth and invasion of other breast cancer cell types. However, the mechanisms underlying the oncogenic activity of LMO4 remain unclear. Herein, we show that LMO4 is expressed in all breast cancer subtypes examined and its expression level correlates with the degree of proliferation of such tumours. In addition, we have determined that LMO4 silencing induces G2/M arrest in cells from various breast cancer subtypes, suggesting that LMO4 action in the cell cycle is not restricted to a single breast cancer subtype. This arrest was accompanied by increased cell death, amplification of centrosomes, and formation of abnormal mitotic spindles. Consistent with its ability to positively and negatively regulate the formation of active transcription complexes, overexpression of LMO4 also resulted in an increase in centrosome number. Centrosome amplification has been shown to prolong the G2/M phase of the cell cycle and induce apoptosis; thus, we conclude that supernumerary centrosomes mediate the G2/M arrest and cell death in LMO4‐deficient cells. Furthermore, the correlation of centrosome amplification with genomic instability suggests that the impact of dysregulated LMO4 on the centrosome cycle may promote LMO4‐induced tumour formation. Copyright © 2010 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Functionalization of Carbon Nanotubes by Corona‐Discharge Induced Graft Polymerization for the Reinforcement of Epoxy Nanocomposites
Authors: Xu Lihua , Fang Zhengping , Song Ping'an , Peng Mao 
Published: July 2010

AbstractCorona discharge treatment at atmospheric pressure was applied to initiate the graft polymerization of 2‐hydroxyethyl methacrylate onto the surface of multi‐walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs). The results indicated that MWCNTs were encapsulated by poly(2‐hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (PHEMA). The blue shift and the increased ID/IG value of the Raman spectra confirmed the covalent attachment of PHEMA onto the surface of the MWCNTs. The grafting degree depended on the processing time of corona discharge, as demonstrated by thermogravimetric analysis. The dispersibility of the PHEMA grafted MWCNTs (PHEMA‐g‐CNTs) in ethanol was dramatically improved. It was also found that PHEMA‐g‐CNTs can improve the dynamic mechanical and mechanical properties of the nanocomposites more effectively than the pristine MWCNTs.
magnified image
Robotic‐assisted single‐incision laparoscopic partial cecectomy
Authors: Ragupathi Madhu , Ramos‐Valadez Diego I. , Pedraza Rodrigo , Haas Eric M. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractBackgroundSingle‐incision laparoscopic surgery is an emerging approach in the field of minimally invasive colon and rectal surgery. This modality utilizes a ‘scarless’ incision concealed within the umbilicus, and results in improved cosmesis with the potential for reduced trauma, pain and length of hospital stay. However, unique technical challenges have curbed its adaptation. Robotic‐assisted technique may help overcome these limitations when applied to the single‐incision approach.MethodsA robotic‐assisted single‐incision laparoscopic partial cecectomy was performed using the da Vinci® robot and the GelPOINT™ access device. Modifications of the robotic set‐up were utilized to optimize the technique. The robotic instruments were crossed below the abdominal wall to minimize internal conflict and maximize range of motion. Control of the robotic arms was reassigned on the robotic console to create a more intuitive surgical approach. The robotic camera was rotated and positioned vertically to reduce external conflict and enhance visualization.ResultsRobotic‐assisted single‐incision laparoscopic partial cecectomy was performed in a 53 year‐old male without complication or need for conversion. The procedure required 120 min with an estimated blood loss of < 50 ml. Pathology revealed a sessile tubular adenoma of the cecum. The length of hospital stay was 2 days and no complications were encountered. The patient returned with a well‐healed 2.5 cm incision and no postoperative complications at 6 weeks follow‐up.ConclusionsWith appropriate modifications, robotic‐assisted single‐incision laparoscopic surgery may be applicable as a minimally invasive modality for partial colectomy. Further studies are warranted to establish the safety, efficacy, benefits, and limits of this technique. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.