bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
57.1: Invited Paper: Novel Thin Glass for 3D Shaped Electronics Display Covers
Authors: Zimmer Jose 
Published: July 2011

AbstractAs the market for consumer electronic portable display devices continues to grow, designers and manufacturers of such devices are increasingly demanding display cover glasses that are extremely lightweight, with higher impact strength, better scratch resistance and impressive durability to stand up to the wear and tear of everyday life. Furthermore, the rapid emergence of innovative touch display technologies means that such glass characteristics are becoming even more important to the industry. Demand for impressive technical functionality for handheld devices is high, as is the need for strong aesthetical design to meet the needs of next generation consumer electronic devices. For example, most handheld devices today have only flat screens, but many designers are now actively looking to integrate curved glass surfaces into innovative, new designs. Lithium Aluminosilicate (LAS) glasses such as SCHOTT® LAS80 are emerging to fulfill these demanding requirements. Manufactured using hi‐tech glass production technologies such as the standard float process, LAS glasses can be easily chemically toughened to meet stringent mechanical strength and hardness specifications. Furthermore, the low transformation temperature (Tg) of LAS glasses facilitates hot forming processes to produce 3‐D shaped cover glasses, opening up a multitude of options for consumer electronic portable display device designers.
57.2: Direct Dielectric Line Printing for Touch Panel Display Jumpers Using Transparent Dielectric Inks and Aerosol Jet® Deposition Methods
Authors: Hegge William , Bohling David , Chou Joe , McAllister Michael , Schottland Philippe 
Published: July 2011

AbstractDirect printing of conductor and dielectric line jumpers for touch screen displays can dramatically reduce the number of lithography or masking steps required in producing functional devices. This paper describes direct Aerosol Jet printing of transparent polymeric dielectric materials using two different dielectric inks and process conditions for optimizing line width, thickness, and quality.
58.2: A 34‐in. Low‐Work‐Function Printable FED
Authors: Ye Yun , Guo Tailiang , Lin Zhixian , Lin Jintang , Xiao Xiaojing , Lin He 
Published: July 2011

AbstractWe present the performance results of 34‐inch field emission display (FED) prototypes which can display full‐color video with luminance of ∼400cd/m2, contrast ratio of 1000:1, circuit gray scale of 256. It is constructed using low work function (LWF) printable cathode, insulated film, under‐gate, spacers and color phosphors.
58.4: Improvement of Luminous Efficacy of Shadow Mask Plasma Display Panel
Authors: Zhang Panpan , Tu Yan , Yang Lanlan , Tolner Harm 
Published: July 2011

AbstractThe electron temperature and discharge efficiency in the cell of a shadow mask plasma display panel are calculated with OOPIC and the fluid model respectively. The results show the relationship between electron temperature and discharge efficiency, and the variation with the dielectric layer thickness and Xe concentration. Further analysis shows that the discharge efficiency with higher Xe excitation efficiency is improved by the reduction of the electron temperature.
8.2: Submillisecond Response Sheared Polymer Network Liquid Crystals for 3D Displays
Authors: Sun Jie , Chen Yuan , Wu Shin‐Tson , Ramsey Robert A. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractWe demonstrate the fabrication and operation of a submillisecond phase modulator based on a sheared polymer network liquid crystal technology. The device allows for 4π phase modulation operating at λ=532 nm, while exhibiting low scatter in the visible region and an average response time of less than 400 μs. Potential application for naked‐eye 3D display is emphasized.
60.3: A Novel Backlight System with High On‐axis Luminance and Small Viewing Angle
Authors: Fan Chen‐Wei , Pan Jui‐Wen , Tu Sheng‐Han 
Published: July 2011

AbstractWe introduce a novel backlight module, which consists of a hybrid light guide plate (HLGP) and a brightness enhancement film (BEF). The HLGP comprises the functions of conventional light guide plate, reflector, and a BEF. The HLGP allows one‐dimensional light to be collimated. We add an additional BEF above the HLGP, and let the crossed‐dimension light to be collimated. Comparing with the conventional edge‐lit backlight module, the total flux can improve 1.5 times and the on‐axis luminance can improve 4.0 times by using the novel backlight module.
60.4: Distinguished Paper: A Directional Backlight with Narrow Angular Luminance Distribution for Widening Viewing Angle of a LCD with a Front‐Surface‐Light‐Scattering Film
Authors: Käläntär K. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractA directional backlight unit has been developed for widening the viewing angle of a TN‐LCD with a front‐surface‐light scattering film. The novel directional backlight has a diagonal of 34‐cm and is structured by light‐direction control micro features and an inverted prism film. The backlight has a round luminance cone of +/‐9 deg. and a uniform spatial distribution of 90%. In combination with the LCD, the narrow cone resulted in widening of the TN‐LCD's viewing angle up to 120 deg. FWHM.
73.1L: Late‐News Paper: Novel Multi‐View Display using QDA Screen with Short Projection Distance by Tiled Image Method
Authors: Ozawa Shiro , Iso Kazuyuki , Yao Yasuhiro , Kawakami Tohru , Katagiri Baku , Suzuki Yoshihito , Uchida Tatsuo 
Published: July 2011

AbstractWe have developed a novel multi‐view display that uses “Quantized‐Diffusion‐Angle screen (QDA Screen).” In this paper, we propose a tiled image method to eliminate the need for a QDA screen with long projection distance.
73.2L: Late‐News Paper: A Multi‐View Projection Display
Authors: Kuo Huei Pei , Tan Kar Han , Hubby Larry , Garcia Robert , Bratkovsky Alexander M. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractWe describe a multi‐view projection system. The system comprises multiple projectors and a screen with scattering angles that can be tailored to suit the viewing environments. The tailoring of the scattering angles is accomplished by incorporating micro‐structures onto the screen surface. We have fabricated screens with horizontal scattering angles ranging from <1° to over 100° FWHM. We demonstrate a three‐view display system with negligible crosstalk between the views. We also demonstrate a glasses‐free 3D prototype with 20 projectors and a contiguous angular viewing zone of about 10°. The capability to tailor the screen scattering angle in conjunction with novel optics enables us to expand greatly the number of views of the displays.
61.2: The 3D Image Quality Index (ΔX3D) Including Crosstalk, Motion Blur, and Disparity for Two‐View Stereoscopic Images
Authors: Chien Yu‐Yi , Chang Yu‐Cheng , Huang Yi‐Pai 
Published: July 2011

AbstractAn evaluation index to quantify the overall 3D image quality for two‐view Stereoscopic image is proposed. Considering crosstalk, motion blur, and disparity, the 3D image quality index (ΔX3D) was proven to have a high positive correlation with human perception. Finally, a 3D image can be quantified by ΔX3D with importing the gray‐to‐gray response time, optical crosstalk, and the disparity of two‐eye images.
61.3: Stereoscopic 3D Content Depth Tuning Guided by Human Visual Models
Authors: Yuan Chang , Pan Hao , Daly Scott 
Published: July 2011

AbstractWe present a new approach for tuning stereoscopic 3D content based on viewers' comfort and preferences. 2D image disparities are computed by a block matching based estimation algorithm. Human visual comfort models are applied to analyze the image disparities and guide the depth tuning (shifting/scaling) algorithms in order to generate new stereo views with desired and comfortable depth perception. Real‐life image results are shown to demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach.
62.4: Hybrid Polymer‐OLEDs with Doped Small‐molecule Electron Transport Layers for Display Applications
Authors: Denker Ulrich , Canzler Tobias W. , Birnstock Jan , Grizzi Ilaria , Fernandez Oscar , Anderson Graham , Spain Elliott 
Published: July 2011

AbstractWe report on the development of hybrid P‐OLEDs for display applications. Hybrid P‐OLEDs combine polymeric hole side and emitter layers with small molecule layers as organic electron side. Experimental data for blue hybrid P‐OLEDs is presented and compared to standard P‐OLEDs with inorganic cathode side.
63.2: Pre‐Tilt Alignment Technique via Photo‐Reactive Side Chains on PI Layer for VA LCD
Authors: Yang Kai‐Xian , Lien Jan‐Tien 
Published: July 2011

AbstractA VA‐mode PI possessing photo‐reactive side chains, has the ability of pretilting LC without any rubbing treatment was demonstrated. With this PI layer, the uniformity of the pretilt distribution would be better than the conventional VA mode, which in turn leads to high quality and much reliable VA LCD.
63.3: Fast Switching Surface‐Polymer‐Assisted IPS Liquid Crystal Displays
Authors: Hwang Jeoung‐Yeon , Chien Liang‐Chy 
Published: July 2011

AbstractWe demonstrate fast switching surface‐polymer‐assisted in‐plane switching (SPA‐IPS) liquid crystal displays (LCDs). The formation of polymer nano islands at the substrate surface as the alignment layers is achieved by liquid crystal (LC) directed polymerization of a small amount of a reactive monomer in homogenously aligned liquid crystal. At appropriate concentration, the phase‐separated nano‐sized polymer islands, with a preferential orientation direction following the rubbing direction, act as internal surface alignment layers and enable the fast switching of field‐induced reorientation of liquid crystal molecules. Furthermore, significant improvement in switch‐off time of a SPA‐IPS will be due to the increased surface anchoring strength by the low‐density surface‐localized polymer islands.
64.2: MEMs‐Based Reflective Display Measurements in Ambient Use Conditions
Authors: Fiske Thomas G. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractThe principles embodied in the upcoming ICDM Information Display Measurement Standard are used to measure the optical performance for a prototype MEMs‐based color reflective display designed for e‐reader applications. We explore the effects of ambient lighting geometry on perceived luminance, contrast and color performance.
64.3: Flicker Visibility: A Perceptual Metric for Display Flicker
Authors: Watson Andrew B. , Ahumada Albert J. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractDisplay flicker is an old problem with renewed importance in modern displays. Current metrics of display flicker are overly complicated and do not report the visibility of the artifact in just‐noticeable differences (JNDs). We propose a new perceptual metric ‐ flicker visibility ‐ measured in JNDs.
65.3: Stencil Field‐Sequential‐Color Method on Locally Controlled Side‐lit Eco‐LCDs
Authors: Teng Chang‐I , Lin Fang‐Cheng , Huang Yi‐Pai , Shieh Han‐Ping D. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractTo develop a thin, high image quality, and low power consumption eco‐display, a novel backlight determination method called “Limited Backlight Signal Ratio” (LBSR) is proposed to applied in a side‐lit 180Hz Stencil‐FSC LCD. The point spread function of a side‐lit backlight division is optimized to maintain a 97% higher backlight luminance uniformity and good image fidelity. Simulation results indicate the optimal backlight division is 2×16 with color breakup suppression reach asymptotic end values. The experimental photos demonstrate the side‐lit LBSR 180Hz Stencil‐FSC method can suppress color breakup effectively and can increase image fidelity greatly. As a result, side‐lit LBSR 180Hz Stencil‐FSC method is promising for future side‐lit eco‐display applications.
66.1: Invited Paper: Performance of a Large‐size White OLED for Lighting Application
Authors: Kang Min Soo , Joo Mun Kyu , Lee Jung Hyoung , Ham Yun Hye , Kim Jung Bum , Moon Kyoung Sik , Son Sehwan 
Published: July 2011

AbstractWe present current status of OLED lighting devices developed at LG Chem. Uniformity of brightness, device longevity at high brightness level and relatively high efficiency are achieved using 10×10 cm2 one‐pixel devices. Only commercially viable processes and cell structures were chosen for these experiments.
3.3: Design and Modeling of a Refractive Liquid Crystal Lens for Tunable Optical Correction in 3‐D Stereoscopic Displays
Authors: Li Liwei , Shi Lei , Bryant Doug , Bos Philip J. , van Heugten Tony , Duston Dwight 
Published: July 2011

AbstractWe propose a design and fabrication method for a liquid crystal tunable refractive lens, used as optical correction in 3‐D stereoscopic displays for reducing the discrepancy between accommodation and convergence. The voltage profile for the proper refractive power is calculated by our modeling.
58.3: Invited Paper: Flexible Transparent Photoluminescent Display
Authors: Jang Cheol , Lee Sung‐Min , Kim Kukjoo , Ahn Sung‐Il , Choi Kyung Cheol 
Published: July 2011

AbstractIn this study, we demonstrate a flexible transparent photoluminescent display using a plasma display platform. The plasma display is a viable nominee as a flexible transparent display as this platform has a very simple structure and does not require thin film transistors to drive the display device. Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) plastic film was used as a substrate. A test panel was fabricated with organic materials, with the exception of an electrode and a magnesium oxide (MgO) protecting layer, at a fabrication temperature lower than 60 °C. The test panel was highly transparent, and the transmittance measured from the fabricated test panel was approximately 40% over the entire visible spectral range.
Prevalence of and Risk Factors for Urinary Incontinence During the Third Trimester and First Postpartum Year in Primiparous Women
Authors: Birch Linda , Doyle P. M. 
Published: July 2011

OBJECTIVES: To identify the prevalence of and risk factors for urinary incontinence (UI) during the antenatal period and postpartum year in primiparous women.DESIGN: A longitudinal, prospective, repeated measures and cohort study.SETTING: Wirral University Teaching Hospital NHS Foundation Trust.PARTICIPANTS: Primiparous women with no preexisting disease (N = 516) recruited after a normal 20-week obstetric ultrasound scan.METHOD: Data were collected in the last trimester of pregnancy and at 6 weeks, at 6 months, and at 1 year postpartum using validated questionnaires. Obstetric data were extracted from case notes.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: UI symptoms.RESULTS: Stress incontinence during the third trimester was reported by 39.7% (n = 185) of the women participating in the study. At 6 weeks postpartum, 28.2% (n = 114); at 6 months postpartum, 31% (n = 123); and at 1 year postpartum, 26.5% (n = 89) of participants also reported stress incontinence.Urge incontinence was reported by 23.5% (n = 110) of participants in the third trimester, 21.2% (n = 86) at 6 weeks postpartum, 21.4% (n = 85) at 6 months postpartum, and 16.4% (n = 55) at 1 year postpartum.Women younger than 20 years old had higher rates of postpartum urge incontinence (p < .001) possibly associated with increased rates of infection. Body mass index (BMI) >30 was associated with higher rates of antenatal stress incontinence but was not significant in the postpartum period. BMI <20 was associated with an increase in postpartum urge incontinence. Prolonged periods in labor without bladder emptying was associated with increased rates of UI (odds ratio [OR] = 2.36). Forceps delivery was associated with postpartum stress incontinence (OR = 2.41). Although cesarean section appeared protective against UI initially, long-term data show a progressive increase in reported rates of UI even after elective cesarean section. Perineal trauma was associated with UI throughout the postpartum year with those women having anal sphincter disruption with the highest rates of stress incontinence (p < .005). Birth weight, duration of labor, feeding method, epidural anesthesia, and smoking were not significant. Overall, UI appears to be a regressive condition. Some participants had a progressive, deteriorating condition, which appears to be associated with a higher BMI or >6 hours from bladder emptying to delivery of the newborn.CONCLUSION: There are several identifiable risk factors that increase the prevalence and/or severity of UI symptoms.
Monitoring of CD4+CD25highIL-7Rαhigh activated T Cells in Kidney Transplant Recipients
Authors: Vallotton Laure , Hadaya Karine , Venetz Jean-Pierre , Buehler Leo H. , Ciuffreda Donatella , Nseir Ghaleb , Codarri Laura , Villard Jean , Pantaleo Giuseppe , Pascual Manuel 
Published: July 2011

Summary

Background and objectives
In humans, circulating CD4+CD25high T cells contain mainly regulatory T cells (Treg; FoxP3+IL-7Rαlow), but a small subset is represented by activated effector T cells (Tact; FoxP3−IL-7Rαhigh). The balance between Tact and Treg may be important after transplantation. The aim of this study was first to analyze and correlate CD4+CD25high Tact and Treg with the clinical status of kidney transplant recipients and second to study prospectively the effect of two immunosuppressive regimens on Tact/Treg during the first year after transplantation.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements
CD4+CD25high Tact and Treg were analyzed by flow cytometry, either retrospectively in 90 patients greater than 1 year after kidney transplantation (cross-sectional analysis) or prospectively in 35 patients receiving two immunosuppressive regimens after kidney transplantation (prospective analysis).

Results
A higher proportion of Tact and a lower proportion of Treg were found in the majority of kidney recipients. In chronic humoral rejection, a strikingly higher proportion of Tact was present. A subgroup of stable recipients receiving calcineurin inhibitor–free immunosuppression (mycophenolate mofetil, azathioprine, or sirolimus) had Tact values that were similar to healthy individuals. In the prospective analysis, the proportion of Tact significantly increased in both immunosuppression groups during the first year after transplantation.

Conclusions
These data highlight distinct patterns in the proportion of circulating Tact depending on the clinical status of kidney recipients. Moreover, the prospective analysis demonstrated an increase in the proportion of Tact, regardless of the immunosuppressive regimen. The measurement of Tact, in addition to Treg, may become a useful immune monitoring tool after kidney transplantation.
Intradialytic Hypertension and its Association with Endothelial Cell Dysfunction
Authors: Inrig Jula K. , Van Buren Peter , Kim Catherine , Vongpatanasin Wanpen , Povsic Thomas J. , Toto Robert D. 
Published: July 2011

Summary

Background and objectives
Intradialytic hypertension is associated with adverse outcomes, yet the mechanism is uncertain. Patients with intradialytic hypertension exhibit imbalances in endothelial-derived vasoregulators nitric oxide and endothelin-1, indirectly suggesting endothelial cell dysfunction. We hypothesized that intradialytic hypertension is associated in vivo with endothelial cell dysfunction, a novel predictor of adverse cardiovascular outcomes.

Design, settings, participants, & measurements
We performed a case-control cohort study including 25 hemodialysis (HD) subjects without (controls) and 25 with intradialytic hypertension (an increase in systolic BP pre- to postdialysis ≥10 mmHg ≥4/6 consecutive HD sessions). The primary outcome was peripheral blood endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) assessed by aldehyde dehydrogenase activity (ALDHbr) and cell surface marker expression (CD34+CD133+). We also assessed endothelial function by ultrasonographic measurement of brachial artery flow-mediated vasodilation (FMD) normalized for shear stress. Parametric and nonparametric t tests were used to compare EPCs, FMD, and BP.

Results
Baseline characteristics and comorbidities were similar between groups. Compared with controls, 2-week average predialysis systolic BP was lower among subjects with intradialytic hypertension (144.0 versus 155.5 mmHg), but postdialysis systolic BP was significantly higher (159.0 versus 128.1 mmHg). Endothelial cell function was impaired among subjects with intradialytic hypertension as measured by decreased median ALDHbr cells and decreased CD34+CD133+ cells (ALDHbr, 0.034% versus 0.053%; CD34+CD133+, 0.033% versus 0.059%). FMD was lower among subjects with intradialytic hypertension (1.03% versus 1.67%).

Conclusions
Intradialytic hypertension is associated with endothelial cell dysfunction. We propose that endothelial cell dysfunction may partially explain the higher event rates observed in these patients.
Surgical time and severity of postoperative pain in dogs undergoing laparoscopic ovariectomy with one, two, or three instrument cannulas
Authors: Case J. Brad , Marvel Sarah J. , Boscan Pedro , Monnet Eric L. 
Published: July 2011

Abstract
Objective—To determine whether number of instrument cannulas is associated with surgical time or severity of postoperative pain in dogs undergoing laparoscopic ovariectomy.
Design—Randomized clinical trial.
Animals—18 healthy dogs.
Procedures—Dogs were randomly assigned to undergo laparoscopic ovariectomy with 1, 2, or 3 instrument cannulas. Surgical time and intraoperative and postoperative complications were recorded. Severity of pain was monitored 2, 4, 8, 12, and 24 hours after surgery by means of pain scoring with a modified Melbourne Pain Scale and palpation of surgical sites with variably sized von Frey filaments. Owner-assessed postoperative comfort was also evaluated.
Results—Surgical time was significantly longer with 1 cannula (mean ± SD, 29.7 ± 5.6 minutes) than with 2 cannulas (18.2 ± 4.4 minutes) or 3 cannulas (19.3 ± 3.4 minutes). Intraoperative complications included splenic puncture (2 dogs), pedicle hemorrhage (1 dog), and SC emphysema (1 dog); complication rates were not significantly different among groups. Total pain score was significantly lower for dogs with 2 cannulas than for dogs with 3 cannulas; total pain score for dogs with 1 cannula did not differ significantly from scores for dogs with 2 cannulas or 3 cannulas. Owner assessments of postoperative comfort and number of days pain medications were administered did not differ among groups.
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Results suggested that laparoscopic ovariectomy with 2 instrument cannulas, rather than with 1, resulted in shorter surgical times without increasing severity of postoperative pain.