bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
0220 Circadian Rhythms and Resting State Functional Connectivity of the Hippocampus in Later Life Adults
Authors: Moon Chooza , Burgess Helen , Harmata Gail , Hopkins Lauren , Axelson Eric , Magnotta Vincent 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Introduction
Functional decline in the hippocampus is a prominent neurodegenerative feature of Alzheimer’s Disease and related dementias. Alterations in circadian rhythms can exacerbate cognitive aging and neurodegeneration. This study examined how dim light melatonin onset (DLMO) is associated with resting state functional connectivity of the hippocampus and three cortical regions (i.e., prefrontal, temporal, and posterior cingulate).

Methods
We studied data from 52 later-life adults (mean age =70.0 SD= 6.3). T1-weighted anatomical images and resting-state Blood Oxygenation Level Dependent (BOLD) images from 3.0T MRI data were collected. DLMO information was also collected from participants and was used to determine circadian timing. We then assessed the relationship between circadian timing and resting state functional connectivity of the hippocampus to the three cortical regions. Multiple linear regression modeling with hippocampal connectivity as the dependent variable was used to analyze the data while controlling for age and sex.

Results
The findings of this study indicated that later DLMO time was associated with greater functional connectivity between the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex (b = 0.04, p = .016), and hippocampus and temporal (b = 0.05, p = .006) cortices. However, DLMO was not associated with the functional connectivity of the hippocampus and posterior cingulate cortex.

Conclusion
The findings suggest that later circadian timing (DLMO) is related to increased hippocampal connectivity to the prefrontal and temporal cortices in later-life adults. This indicates that earlier DLMO may be associated with a greater risk for hippocampal-related cognitive aging. Future studies using larger sample sizes, multimodal neuroimaging techniques, and longitudinal designs are needed to understand the relationships better.

Support (if any)
Part of this work was supported by the University of Iowa Institute for Clinical and Translational Science (NIH/ ACTS KL2TR002536, PI: Bassuk, Scholar: Moon), University of Iowa Center for Advancing Multimorbidity Science (NIH/NINR P20 NR018081, MPI: Gardner & Rakel, Pilot PI: Moon), Alzheimer’s Association (AARG-19-618403, PI: Moon). This work was conducted on an MRI instrument funded by 1S10OD025025-01. Contents are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of the NIH/ACTS, NIH/NINR, or Alzheimer’s Association.
0222 Greater Sleep Regularity Is Associated with Slower Pace of Epigenetic Aging
Authors: Wallace Danielle , Rotter Jerome , Rich Steven , Redline Susan , Sofer Tamar 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Introduction
Sleep timing regularity is an important component of overall sleep health. People with more irregular sleep-wake schedules may more rapidly incur marks of biological aging, such as altered DNA methylation (DNAm). Here, we test whether sleep regularity index (SRI), a metric of the consistency of sleep-wake epochs, is associated with accelerated epigenetic aging in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA).

Methods
SRI was calculated from scored sleep-wake epochs derived from actigraphy (wrist-worn ActiWatch Spectrum) collected over a week during the MESA Sleep Ancillary Study. Three epigenetic “clocks” representing markers of biological (Horvath DNAmAge 2018; developed by selecting DNAm sites associated with chronological age), phenotypic (Levine PhenoAge; developed by selecting DNAm sites associated with age-related biomarkers), and pace of aging (Belsky DunedinPACE; developed by selecting DNAm sites associated with individual trajectories of age-related biomarkers) were constructed from whole-blood DNAm data (EPIC Illumina Array) collected at MESA Exam 5, prior to actigraphy measurement. Associations between epigenetic age acceleration (outcome; the difference between chronological age and epigenetic age) and SRI (exposure, 10-unit increase) were evaluated with linear regression models adjusted for age, gender, study days between blood collection and actigraphy, self-reported race/ethnicity, study site, BMI, smoking status, depression score, and sleep duration.

Results
431 MESA participants with valid actigraphy and DNAm data were included (mean chronological age=68 years, DNAm age=66 years, PhenoAge=56 years, pace of aging=1.01). Spearman correlations between chronological age and epigenetic aging measures were highest for biological aging (DNAmAge rho=0.89, PhenoAge rho=0.76, DunedinPACE rho=0.18). Results did not support an association between SRI and accelerated biological aging (DNAmAge; β=0.09, 95%CI:-0.23, 0.41) or phenotypic aging after additional adjustment for smoking (PhenoAge; β=-0.48, 95%CI:-1.0, 0.04). However, greater SRI was associated with slower pace of aging in fully adjusted models (10-unit SRI increase on DunedinPACE; β=-0.09, 95%CI:-0.02, -0.0004) and directionality was similar between PhenoAge and DunedinPACE.

Conclusion
Greater sleep regularity is associated with slower pace of aging in a cross-sectional analysis of older U.S. adults. Further work will assess epigenetic aging with other measures of sleep health.

Support (if any)
NIH-NHLBI K99HL166700, R35HL135818, R01HL098433, R01HL161012, Career Development Award from the Sleep Research Society Foundation.
0229 Poor Habitual Sleep Quality Predicts Heightened Interoceptive Awareness Particularly with Older Age
Authors: Nishiyama Risako , Ravandi Dona , Lee Kyoungeun , Duarte Audrey 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Introduction
Interoception is the sensation of the body’s internal states. Previous literature suggests that disordered sleep, including insomnia, in younger participants is associated with altered interoceptive awareness. However, the relationship between habitual sleep and interoception in healthy individuals observed across the adult lifespan, including old adults who tend to have poorer sleep quality, remains unclear.

Methods
Here, we aimed to disentangle the impact of poor habitual sleep and older age on interoceptive awareness. Seventy-two participants ranging across the adult lifespan (ages 18 to 78) were asked to perform subjective and objective measures of interoception. Specifically, they completed a self-report questionnaire regarding subjective interoceptive beliefs and performed an objective tapping task in which they tapped in resonance with their perceived heartbeats. Finally, we varied demands on autonomic arousal by asking participants to rate the intensity of sensation in their heart in response to viewing emotionally arousing images. Their habitual sleep patterns were measured using actigraphy for 7 days.

Results
Higher levels of sleep discontinuity (i.e., WASO, fragmentation) predicted greater performance in the objective interoception heartbeat counting task (β=0.254, p=0.049) across age. Greater night-to-night variability in sleep time was associated with greater interoceptive awareness when autonomic arousal was manipulated in the emotional viewing task, particularly with increasing age (Age x Sleep Variability, β=0.279, p=0.023). Similarly, reduced sleep time predicted better interoceptive awareness in the same task, particularly with increasing age (Age x Sleep Time, β=-0.322, p=0.012). Higher levels of variability in sleep discontinuity, another indicator of poor sleep quality, predicted greater subjective interoceptive beliefs across ages (β=0.242, p=0.046).

Conclusion
The results support the idea that habitually poor sleep quality and increased sleep variability may contribute to better interoception, and that this relationship is strengthened with increasing age.

Support (if any)
This research was supported by NSF award # 2152492.
0230 Comparing Subjective and Objective Measures of Chronotypes and Their Associations with Age in Older Adults
Authors: Pan Yulu , Cho Gawon , Burzynski Chase , Polisetty Lakshmi , Doyle Margaret , Iannone Lynne , Knauert Melissa , Yaggi Henry , Gill Thomas , Miner Brienne 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Introduction
While much is known about the development and variability of chronotype (CT) in young adults, little is known in older adults, whose circadian rhythms tend to advance with aging. We assessed the associations between subjective and objective non-invasive chronotype markers, and their associations with demographics in older adults.

Methods
In an observational study of 60 community-living adults aged ≥60 years with self-reported sleep complaints, participants completed a Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire (reduced version; rMEQ) and seven days of actigraphy. We dichotomized rMEQ into morning (&gt;17) and other-CT(≤17). Seven-day average sleep midpoint, the midpoint between sleep onset and sleep offset, was measured by actigraphy. Seven-day average peak time in activity during the day was calculated using cosinor analysis of activity counts from actigraphy. Two-sample T-tests and Chi-square tests compared demographic factors (age, gender, race, education) and objective chronotype markers (sleep midpoint, peak time) between dichotomized CT groups (Morning-CT vs Other-CT). Pearson correlation coefficients examined the associations between the continuous rMEQ score and objective chronotype markers, and their associations with age.

Results
The mean age was 74±6.4 years [range: 60-90], 65% were women and 33.3% were minority race. Morning-CT (54%) and Other-CT (46%) had significantly different sleep midpoints (2:43 AM vs 3:20 AM, p=0.01) and different peak times (2:00 PM vs 3:00 PM, p=0.006). No significant differences were found in demographics between Morning-CT and Other-CT. Higher rMEQ score was significantly associated with earlier sleep midpoint (r=-0.52, p&lt; 0.001) and earlier peak time (r=-0.51, p&lt; 0.001). Advanced age was associated with earlier sleep midpoint (r=-0.46, p=0.0003), earlier peak time(p=-0.46, p=0.0003), and higher rMEQ score (r=0.22, p=0.09).

Conclusion
Among community-living older adults with sleep disturbances, we observed moderate correlations between subjective and objective chronotype markers. The rMEQ score significantly differentiated people with distinct objective chronotype markers, demonstrating the potential validity of rMEQ as a feasible marker for chronotype. Future studies with larger sample sizes should validate our findings, and could investigate whether subjective or objective chronotype markers have stronger associations with adverse outcomes.

Support (if any)
NIA (K76AG0749505, R03AG073991, P30AG021342)
0234 Wearable-derived Temperature Measured During Sleep Allows Menstrual Cycle Study at Different Reproductive Stages
Authors: Gombert Marie , Alzueta Elisabet , Perez-Amparan Evelyn , Camacho Leticia , Fan Ruby , Kerr Erin , Tager Lucas , Arra Nicole , Kiss Orsolya , Yuksel Dilara , de Zambotti Massimiliano , Pena Andres Alejandro , Zhang Jing , Shuster Alessandra , Morehouse Allison , Simon Katharine C , Mednick Sara C , Baker Fiona 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Introduction
Numerous physiological processes display menstrual cycle variations, including body temperature. The advances in quality and accessibility of wearables facilitate collecting time series of physiological data, including skin temperature during sleep. The cosinor method, frequently used in circadian rhythms biology, may be a useful tool to assess if a menstrual cycle is ovulatory, based on a biphasic temperature rhythm. It could also be used to derive metrics about the cycle, in turn allowing the investigation of rhythm characteristics of females at different reproductive stages.

Methods
Here, 67 females in the early reproductive (age: 25.5 ± 5.4 years (mean ± SD)) and 53 females in the late reproductive/menopausal transition (age: 47 ± 2.9 years) stages tracked sleep and temperature with an Oura ring 2 across a menstrual cycle. They also reported menses and used an ovulation kit that detects a rise in luteinizing hormone. A cosinor method was fitted to daily skin temperature points extracted during the sleep period, and the fit quality was compared with the ovulation kits results. The cycle metrics were extracted and compared between the two groups with Wilcoxon tests.

Results
With the cosinor method, a cycle was considered ovulatory when the fit had a r2 &gt; .25, a method that agreed with the ovulation kit in 82% of cases. When the fit quality was r2 &gt; .4, the model was considered sufficiently good to calculate derived metrics. There was no difference in the fit quality, acrophase relative to menses, or amplitude of the rhythm between the early and late reproductive/menopausal transition groups. However, the latter had a higher mesor compared with the early reproductive stage group (p = 0.03).

Conclusion
The cosinor method can be used to model not only circadian but also menstrual rhythms, allowing identification of ovulatory cycles, and derivation of metrics about menstrual cycle rhythms that can be used to track characteristics within and between individuals over time. The overall higher skin temperature rhythms found in the late reproductive/early menopausal transition group could reflect shifted temperature regulation and more heat dissipation during this stage.

Support (if any)
National Institutes of Health (NIH) grant RF1AG061355 (Baker/Mednick)
0235 Technology Use Impacted Sleep Patterns in Older Adults During and After the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Weiss Carleara , Lach Helen , Lorenz Rebecca 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Introduction
Sleep, health status, and quality of life were highly impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic. Coping mechanisms such as using digital media and smartphones used to reduce social isolation, may have negatively impacted sleep. The purpose of this analysis was to examine the relationships between digital media use and sleep among older adults using data from the Experiences of Older Adults During COVID-19.

Methods
Community-dwelling older adults participated in an anonymous survey in 2020 during the initial months (N=509) of the COVID-19 pandemic, with a one-year follow-up in 2021 (N=118). A secondary cross-sectional analysis was conducted to examine the relationship between sleep and smartphone use. We used descriptive analysis, independent t-tests, and Pearson coefficients to measure linear correlation amongst age, gender, technology use, sleep variables, sleep duration, timing, onset latency, wake after sleep onset, and feeling refreshed upon awakening.

Results
Participants in both waves were predominantly female (75.2%; mean age 76.4 years), 49.5% married, and 40.7% living alone. Sleep satisfaction (&lt;.001) and timing (&lt;.001) significantly improved after COVID-19. Smartphone use was significantly lower post-COVID-19 (0.02). Smartphone use was negatively correlated with sleep duration, feeling refreshed upon awakening, and sleep satisfaction. Female sleep satisfaction correlated with sleep duration 6-8h/night (&lt;.001) and timing (being asleep or trying to sleep between 2-4 am;&lt;.001).

Conclusion
Sleep satisfaction and timing improved at the 2021 follow-up. Digital media and smartphones were used as tools for connection during social isolation; however, they impaired sleep duration, satisfaction, and feeling refreshed the next day. Female participants were more satisfied with longer sleep duration. Further studies with racially and gender diverse sample may provide insights on technology use and sleep in older adults post-COVID-19 pandemic.

Support (if any)
1K99AG079117-01 (Weiss); Saint Louis University COVID-19 Rapid Response Fund (Lach; OpenWater 1804)
0243 Untangling the Complexities of Sleep and Diet After Job Loss in Under-Represented Minority Groups
Authors: Haynes Patricia , White Lauryn 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Introduction
Obesity is a public health crisis disproportionately affecting underrepresented racial and ethnic minority (URM) groups; it is also linked to risk factors, like poor diet and poor sleep quality. Little is known about how URM groups sleep and eat after involuntary job loss, a stressful life event that could impact food choices through financial strain. To this aim, we examined whether individuals identifying as an URM with worse sleep (multidimensional composite, sleep fragmentation) would demonstrate worse dietary patterns over the next 18 months, as compared to individuals identifying as non-Hispanic and white (NHW).

Methods
Data were derived from ADAPT, an 18-month cohort study with 188 participants who experienced recent involuntary job loss. Participants completed a multi-model sleep assessment (Actiwatch-Spectrum, daily sleep diaries, interview) for the calculation of a multidimensional composite score; sleep fragmentation was operationalized as the number of wake bouts during the in-bed period. Participants completed 24-hour dietary recall interviews to compute the Healthy Eating Index (HEI)-2015 index. Mixed effects linear modeling tested interactions between URM identity (33% Hispanic or 30% Not White Race) and sleep indices over time.

Results
The HEI did not change significantly over time with multidimensional sleep health, when controlling for body mass index, biological sex, education, and reemployment. More wake bouts were associated with higher HEI scores (healthier diet) in URM individuals and lower HEI scores (less healthy diet) in NHW individuals (Estimate = -0.36, SE = .14, p &lt; .05). This interaction was driven by lower consumption of refined grains and saturated fats and an increased consumption of greens and beans over time in URMs and less consumption of whole grains in NHW.

Conclusion
In a population of individuals who recently experienced involuntary job loss, sleep fragmentation was associated with dietary quality but multidimensional sleep health was not. The association between sleep fragmentation was in an opposite direction than hypothesized in URM individuals. Future research may benefit from testing the daily relationships between sleep fragmentation, the cost of foods, and resiliency factors (e.g., cultural differences in dietary choices) when under financial strain.

Support (if any)
US National Institute of Health, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI,1R01HL117995)
0248 The Role of Neighborhood Deprivation in Sleep Health
Authors: Barber Lauren , McCullough Lauren E , Faw Kierstin , Zhong Charlie , Peoples Anita , Bodelon Clara , Teras Lauren R , Patel Alpa , Johnson Dayna 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Introduction
Previous studies, mostly with small sample sizes, demonstrate inconsistent associations between the socioeconomic neighborhood environment and sleep among adults. Using data from a large cohort, we examined the association between neighborhood deprivation and sleep health.

Methods
The Cancer Prevention Study-3 is a large prospective cohort of American men and women enrolled at baseline between 2006 and 2013. The Neighborhood Deprivation Index (NDI) was derived for US census tracts using principal components analysis of 2008-2012 American Community Survey data on poverty, income, occupation, housing, employment, and education. Participant addresses at baseline were geocoded to the tract level and linked to the NDI. Participants (N=180,592) self-reported, in categories, their sleep duration in a 24-hour period on weekdays and weekends on the 2015 follow-up questionnaire and sleep quality in 2018. Weekly habitual sleep duration was calculated from a weighted average of weekday and weekend durations. Multivariable logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the association between NDI in quintiles and each sleep outcome, overall and by race and ethnicity.

Results
Participants had an average age of 48.6 (standard deviation=9.6) years and were predominantly women (79.2%). Most participants identified as White (93.5%), while smaller proportions identified with racial and ethnic minoritized populations (e.g., Black: 2.6%, Hispanic: 5.6%). Compared to the least deprived neighborhoods, living in the most deprived neighborhoods was associated with a 25% (OR=1.25, 95% CI 1.18-1.33) higher odds of short (&lt; 7 hours) versus recommended (7-8 hours) sleep duration. Neighborhood deprivation was also associated with an increased odds of long sleep duration (≥9 hours; OR=1.13, 95% CI 1.06-1.21) and poor sleep quality (OR=1.06, 95% CI 1.01-1.10). Race and ethnicity modified the relationship between neighborhood deprivation and long sleep duration, such that the association was only observed among White participants.

Conclusion
Results from this large well-powered study indicate neighborhood deprivation may adversely impact sleep health by increasing the odds of shorter and longer than recommended sleep duration and poor sleep quality. More research in large diverse samples is needed to confirm these findings.

Support (if any)
Support: Support was provided by the National Institutes of Health (R01CA259192).
0250 Impact of Air Quality on Nocturnal Awakenings Among Blacks
Authors: Elvariste Stessie , Blanc Judite , Gallop Erin-Leigh , Oliveira Bruno , Seixas Azizi , Jean-Louis Girardin 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Introduction
The Air Quality Index (AQIUS) is a measure of how clean or polluted the ambient air of a given area may be, scored 0-500 (0-50 excellent; 300&lt; hazardous) based on components measurable in the air. Air Quality-related risk factors that affect health outcomes include preexisting diseases and low-socioeconomic status, factors that are disproportionately present in Black communities. Sleep plays a vital role in health outcomes and awakenings after sleep onset has been associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular related diseases. Previous research has also suggested that mechanisms explaining long-term health outcomes include air quality exposure during sleep. To understand those mechanisms, this study explores the association between average awakenings at night and AQIUS score among Blacks.

Methods
Data were pulled from 2 NIH-funded studies (ESSENTIAL and MOSAIC). Analyses of correlation matrices were conducted, descriptive statistics were analyzed, and linear regression analysis of AQIUS and average awakenings in minutes was performed using SPSS 29. For a period of seven days, 108 Black participants ≥ 18 years, monitored their bedroom's air quality using the IQAir device, which provided the AQIUS score during their sleep. Participants wore Fitbits for a week to track their sleep and physical activity. The effect of AQIUS on sleep parameters: average awakenings at night, sleep efficiency, quality, and duration was explored.

Results
Of 108 participants, 75 were Female (69.4%) and 33 were male (n=30.6%), Mage 48.31 ±16.725 years. On average, study participants experience 15.57±7.316 awakenings per sleep period. Number of awakenings was moderately negatively correlated (r(106)=.465,p&lt;.001) with AQIUS, showing that as air quality decreases, the number of night awakenings increases. Regression analyses revealed AQIUS as a strong predictor of average awakenings in minutes at night in Blacks [β=-.248; p&lt; .006].)

Conclusion
Air Quality Index is a robust predictor of average nocturnal awakenings among Blacks. Further research should investigate the importance of air quality to prevent cardiovascular diseases and to promote better overall health and sleep.

Support (if any)
NIH R01AG067523, R01HL142066