bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Molecular Gyroscope Having a Halogen-substituted p-Phenylene Rotator and Silaalkane Chain Stators
Authors: Setaka Wataru , Ohmizu Soichiro , Kira Mitsuo 
Published: March 2010

Abstract
2,3-Halophenylene-bridged polysilaalkane macrocages 1b and 1c were synthesized as novel molecular gyroscopes. X-ray crystallographic data showed that the structures of the macrocages were deformed to avoid contact between the halogens and the silaalkane cage. The 2,3-dichlorophenylene derivative 1c shows restricted rotation of the phenylene in solution as observed by variable temperature 1H NMR spectroscopy.
Heterogeneous Inorganic Acid/Organic Acid-salt Reaction inside Anodic Aluminum Oxide Templates
Authors: Al-Kaysi Rabih O 
Published: March 2010

Abstract
Reaction of gaseous HCl with Eosin-Y disodium salt (Eosin-Y·2Na) nanorods nested inside anodic aluminum oxide templates (AAO), produced perforated Eosin-Y free acid (Eosin-Y-FA) nanorods with surface nanoholes on the order of 50 nm in diameter. Diffusion of different acids yielded different surface patterns with retention of the overall nanorod structure. Also, different pattern formation was observed for different templated organic acid salts/inorganic acid interactions.
Efficient Preparation of (Fluorosulfonyl)(pentafluoroethanesulfonyl)imide and Its Alkali Salts
Authors: Han Hong-Bo , Zhou Yi-Xuan , Liu Kai , Nie Jin , Huang Xue-Jie , Armand Michel , Zhou Zhi-Bin 
Published: March 2010

Abstract
New alkali salts based on (fluorosulfonyl)(pentafluoroethanesulfonyl)imide {[(FSO2)(C2F5SO2)N]−, FPFSI−} anion are introduced, together with a new effective preparation of C2F5SO2NH2 and H[FPFSI]. The former amide was prepared by amination of lithium pentafluoroethanesulfinate (C2F5SO2Li) with NH2OSO3H, which was converted to the H[FPFSI] by sequential chlorosulfonation with SOCl2/ClSO3H, and fluorination by SbF3.
Debridement of cartilage lesions before autologous chondrocyte implantation by open or transarthroscopic techniques
Authors: Drobnič M. , Radosavljevič D. , Cör A. , Brittberg M. , Stražar K. 
Published: March 2010

We compared the quality of debridement of chondral lesions performed by four arthroscopic (SH, shaver; CU, curette; SHCU, shaver and curette; BP, bipolar electrodes) and one open technique (OPEN, scalpel and curette) which are used prior to autologous chondrocyte implantation (ACI). The ex vivo simulation of all five techniques was carried out on six juvenile equine stifle joints. The OPEN, SH and SHCU techniques were tested on knees harvested from six adult human cadavers. The most vertical walls with the least adjacent damage to cartilage were obtained with the OPEN technique. The CU and SHCU methods gave inferior, but still acceptable results whereas the SH technique alone resulted in a crater-like defect and the BP method undermined the cartilage wall. The subchondral bone was severely violated in all the equine samples which might have been peculiar to this model. The predominant depth of the debridement in the adult human samples was at the level of the calcified cartilage. Some minor penetrations of the subchondral end-plate were induced regardless of the instrumentation used. Our study suggests that not all routine arthroscopic instruments are suitable for the preparation of a defect for ACI. We have shown that the preferred debridement technique is either open or arthroscopically-assisted manual curettage. The use of juvenile equine stifles was not appropriate for the study of the cartilage-subchondral bone interface.
Are extreme distal periprosthetic supracondylar fractures of the femur too distal to fix using a lateral locked plate?
Authors: Streubel P. N. , Gardner M. J. , Morshed S. , Collinge C. A. , Gallagher B. , Ricci W. M. 
Published: March 2010

It is unclear whether there is a limit to the amount of distal bone required to support fixation of supracondylar periprosthetic femoral fractures. This retrospective multicentre study evaluated lateral locked plating of periprosthetic supracondylar femoral fractures and compared the results according to extension of the fracture distal with the proximal border of the femoral prosthetic component. Between 1999 and 2008, 89 patients underwent lateral locked plating of a supracondylar periprosthetic femoral fracture, of whom 61 patients with a mean age of 72 years (42 to 96) comprising 53 women, were available after a minimum follow-up of six months or until fracture healing. Patients were grouped into those with fractures located proximally (28) and those with fractures that extended distal to the proximal border of the femoral component (33). Delayed healing and nonunion occurred respectively in five (18%) and three (11%) of more proximal fractures, and in two (6%) and five (15%) of the fractures with distal extension (p = 0.23 for delayed healing; p = 0.72 for nonunion, Fisher’s exact test). Four construct failures (14%) occurred in more proximal fractures, and three (9%) in fractures with distal extension (p = 0.51). Of the two deep infections that occurred in each group, one resolved after surgical debridement and antibiotics, and one progressed to a nonunion. Extreme distal periprosthetic supracondylar fractures of the femur are not a contra-indication to lateral locked plating. These fractures can be managed with internal fixation, with predictable results, similar to those seen in more proximal fractures.
Histological evaluation of repair of the rotator cuff in a primate model
Authors: Sonnabend D. H. , Howlett C. R. , Young A. A. 
Published: March 2010

The establishment of a suitable animal model of repair of the rotator cuff is difficult since the presence of a true rotator cuff anatomically appears to be restricted almost exclusively to advanced primates. Our observational study describes the healing process after repair of the cuff in a primate model. Lesions were prepared and repaired in eight ‘middle-aged’ baboons. Two each were killed at four, eight, 12 and 15 weeks post-operatively. The bone-tendon repair zones were assessed macroscopically and histologically. Healing of the baboon supraspinatus involved a sequence of stages resulting in the reestablishment of the bone-tendon junction. It was not uniform and occurred more rapidly at the sites of suture fixation than between them. Four weeks after repair the bone-tendon healing was immature. Whereas macroscopically the repair appeared to be healed at eight weeks, the Sharpey fibres holding the repair together did not appear in any considerable number before 12 weeks. By 15 weeks, the bone-tendon junction was almost, but not quite mature. Our results support the use of a post-operative rehabilitation programme in man which protects the surgical repair for at least 12 to 15 weeks in order to allow maturation of tendon-to-bone healing.
Wear-pattern analysis in retrieved tibial inserts of mobile-bearing and fixed-bearing total knee prostheses
Authors: Lu Y.-C. , Huang C.-H. , Chang T.-K. , Ho F.-Y. , Cheng C.-K. , Huang C.-H. 
Published: March 2010

Components from 73 failed knee replacements (TKRs) consisting of rotating-platform, mobile-bearing and fixed-bearing implants were examined to assess the patterns of wear. The patterns were divided into low-grade (burnishing, abrasion and cold flow) and high-grade (scratching, pitting/metal embedding and delamination) to assess the severity of the wear of polyethylene. The rotating-platform group had a higher incidence of low-grade wear on the upper surface compared with the fixed-bearing group. By contrast, high-grade wear comprising scratching, pitting and third-body embedding was seen on the lower surface. Linear regression analysis showed a significant correlation of the wear scores between the upper and lower surfaces of the tibial insert (R2 = 0.29, p = 0.04) for the rotating-platform group, but no significant correlation was found for the fixed-bearing counterpart. This suggests that high-grade wear patterns on the upper surface are reduced with the rotating-platform design. However, the incidence of burnishing, pitting/third-body embedding and scratching wear patterns on the lower surface was higher compared with that in the fixed-bearing knee.
Percutaneous anterior transarticular screw fixation for atlantoaxial instability
Authors: Li W.-L. , Chi Y.-L. , Xu H.-Z. , Wang X.-Y. , Lin Y. , Huang Q.-S. , Mao F.-M. 
Published: March 2010

We reviewed the outcome of a retrospective case series of eight patients with atlantoaxial instability who had been treated by percutaneous anterior transarticular screw fixation and grafting under image-intensifier guidance between December 2005 and June 2008. The mean follow-up was 19 months (8 to 27). All eight patients had a solid C1–2 fusion. There were no breakages or displacement of screws. All the patients with pre-operative neck pain had immediate relief from their symptoms or considerable improvement. There were no major complications. Our preliminary clinical results suggest that percutaneous anterior transarticulation screw fixation is technically feasible, safe, useful and minimally invasive when using the appropriate instruments allied to intra-operative image intensification, and by selecting the correct puncture point, angle and depth of insertion.
The usefulness of serum amyloid A as a postoperative inflammatory marker after posterior lumbar interbody fusion
Authors: Deguchi M. , Shinjo R. , Yoshioka Y. , Seki H. 
Published: March 2010

The post-operative changes in the serum levels of CRP and serum amyloid A (SAA) were investigated prospectively in 106 patients after posterior lumbar interbody fusion. In 96 patients who did not have complications related to infection within the first year after operation, the median levels of CRP before operation and on days 3, 7 and 13 after were 0.02 (0.01 to 0.03), 9.12 (2.36 to 19.82), 1.64 (0.19 to 6.10) and 0.53 (0.05 to 2.94) mg/dl, respectively and for SAA, 2.6 (2.0 to 3.8), 1312.1 (58.0 to 3579.8), 77.3 (1.8 to 478.4), 14.1 (0.5 to 71.9) μg/ml, respectively. The levels on day 3 were the highest for both CRP and SAA and significantly decreased (p < 0.01) by day 7 and day 13. In regard to CRP, no patient had less than the reference level (0.1 mg/dl) on day 7. In only three had the level decreased to the reference level, while in 93 it was above this on day 13. However, for SAA, the levels became normal on day 7 in 10 cases and on day 13 in 34 cases. The ratios relative to the levels on day 3 were significantly lower for SAA compared with CRP on day 7 and day 13. Of the ten patients with infection in the early stages, the level of CRP decreased slightly but an increase in SAA was observed in six. We concluded that SAA is better than CRP as a post-operative inflammatory marker.
Targeted hyperthermia using magnetite cationic liposomes and an alternating magnetic field in a mouse osteosarcoma model
Authors: Shido Y. , Nishida Y. , Suzuki Y. , Kobayashi T. , Ishiguro N. 
Published: March 2010

We undertook a study of the anti-tumour effects of hyperthermia, delivered via magnetite cationic liposomes (MCLs), on local tumours and lung metastases in a mouse model of osteosarcoma. MCLs were injected into subcutaneous osteosarcomas (LM8) and subjected to an alternating magnetic field which induced a heating effect in MCLs. A control group of mice with tumours received MCLs but were not exposed to an AMF. A further group of mice with tumours were exposed to an AMF but had not been treated with MCLs. The distribution of MCLs and local and lung metastases was evaluated histologically. The weight and volume of local tumours and the number of lung metastases were determined. Expression of heat shock protein 70 was evaluated immunohistologically. Hyperthermia using MCLs effectively heated the targeted tumour to 45°C. The mean weight of the local tumour was significantly suppressed in the hyperthermia group (p = 0.013). The mice subjected to hyperthermia had significantly fewer lung metastases than the control mice (p = 0.005). Heat shock protein 70 was expressed in tumours treated with hyperthermia, but was not found in those tumours not exposed to hyperthermia. The results demonstrate a significant effect of hyperthermia on local tumours and reduces their potential to metastasise to the lung.
A good outcome following complete injury of the brachial plexus
Authors: Dickson J. K. , Biant L. C. 
Published: March 2010

Restoration of hand function is rarely achieved after a complete closed traction lesion of the supraclavicular brachial plexus. We describe the injury, treatment, rehabilitation and long-term results of two patients who regained good function of the upper limb and useful function in the hand after such an injury. Successful repairs were performed within six days of injury. Tinel’s sign proved accurate in predicting the ruptures and the distribution of pain was accurate in predicting avulsion. The severe pain that began on the day of injury resolved with the onset of muscle function. Recovery of muscle function preceded recovery of sensation. Recovery of the function of C and Aδ fibres was the slowest of all.
Establishment of Outcome-Related Analytic Performance Goals
Authors: Klee George G 
Published: March 2010

AbstractBackground: Accrediting organizations require laboratories to establish analytic performance criteria that ensure their tests provide results of the high quality required for patient care. However, the procedures for instituting performance criteria that are directly linked to the needs of medical practice are not well established, and therefore alternative strategies often are used to create and implement surrogate performance standards.Content: We reviewed 6 approaches for establishing outcome-related analytic performance goals: (a) limits defined by regulations and external assessment programs, (b) limits based on biologic variation, (c) limits based on surveys of clinicians about their needs, (d) limits based on effects on guideline driven medical decisions, (e) limits based on analysis of patterns for ordering follow-up clinical tests, and (f) limits based on formal medical decision models. Performance criteria were tabulated for 12 common chemistry analytes and 4 routine hematology tests.Conclusions: There is no consensus currently about the preferred methods for establishing medically necessary analytic performance limits. The various methods reviewed give considerably different performance limits. The analytic performance limits claimed by a laboratory should correspond to those limits that can be reliably maintained based on validated QC monitoring systems. These limits generally are larger than the observed CVs and bias parameters collected for assay validation. There is a major need for increased communication among laboratorians and clinicians on this topic, especially when the analytic performance limits that can be consistently maintained by a laboratory are inconsistent with the expectations of health care providers.
Nipple Aspirate Fluid Proteome of Healthy Females and Patients with Breast Cancer
Authors: Pavlou Maria P , Kulasingam Vathany , Sauter Edward R , Kliethermes Beth , Diamandis Eleftherios P 
Published: March 2010

AbstractBackground: The ductal/alveolar system of the female breast constantly secretes and reabsorbs fluid in nonpregnant/nonlactating women. This fluid, referred to as nipple aspirate fluid (NAF), can be obtained by a noninvasive procedure and it is part of the microenvironment where more than 95% of breast cancers arise.Methods: Using an Orbitrap® mass analyzer coupled to a linear ion trap, we performed an in-depth proteomic analysis of NAF samples obtained from 3 healthy individuals and 3 patients with breast cancer. Multiple fractionation methods such as size-exclusion and anion-exchange chromatography were applied for protein separation before mass spectrometric analysis.Results: We identified more than 800 unique proteins in total, generating the most extensive NAF proteome thus far. Using gene ontology, we classified the identified proteins by their subcellular localization and found that more than 50% were extracellular or plasma membrane proteins. By searching against the Plasma Proteome Database, we confirmed that 40% of the proteins were also found in the plasma. Unigene database searching for transcripts of the proteins not found in the plasma revealed that the vast majority were expressed in the mammary gland.Conclusions: Our extensive proteome database for NAF may be helpful in the identification of novel cancer biomarkers.
Diagnostic Value of the Hemopexin N-Glycan Profile in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients
Authors: Debruyne Evi N , Vanderschaeghe Dieter , Van Vlierberghe Hans , Vanhecke Annelies , Callewaert Nico , Delanghe Joris R 
Published: March 2010

Abstract
Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a common and rapidly fatal cancer. Current diagnostic methods for HCC have poor sensitivity and specificity, are invasive, and carry risk for complications. Newer markers are needed to overcome these problems and allow diagnosis of HCC at an earlier stage. In view of known associations between glycosylation changes and liver disease, we focused on the serum glycoprotein hemopexin and the specific characteristics of this liver-synthesized glycoprotein.
Methods: We studied 49 healthy volunteers and 81 patients divided into the categories of fibrosis, cirrhosis, and HCC with cirrhosis. Hemopexin was purified from study participants’ serum by use of heme agarose beads. The hemopexin N-glycan profile was determined by use of the DNA sequencer–assisted fluorophore-assisted carbohydrate electrophoresis technique.
Results: We found that branching α-1,3-fucosylated multiantennary glycans on hemopexin were increased in the HCC group compared with the cirrhosis without HCC, fibrosis, and healthy volunteer groups, whereas nonmodified biantennary glycans decreased progressively across groups from fibrosis to the cirrhosis and HCC groups. Summarization of this information in a new marker, called the hemopexin glycan marker, enabled distinction of patients with HCC and cirrhosis from healthy volunteers and patients with fibrosis or cirrhosis with a sensitivity and specificity of 79% and 93%, respectively.
Conclusions: This study demonstrated hemopexin to be a model protein for studying liver-specific N-glycosylation. The hemopexin glycan marker could be a valuable complementary test to α-fetoprotein measurements for detection of HCC in patients with cirrhosis. Additional study of its utility for diagnosis and follow-up is recommended.
A Fragment of an Early Christian Hymn (Papyrus Bodmer 12): some Observations
Authors: Caulley Thomas Scott 
Published: March 2010

ZUSAMMENFASSUNG
Dieser Artikel beleuchtet die vorherrschende Ansicht über den Ursprung und die Natur des sechszeiligen Fragments des Bodmer Codex (Papyrus Bodmer 12). Dieses Fragment ist eines von vielen Auszügen innerhalb des Bodmer Codexes, dessen Material wahrscheinlich zu persönlichen Andachtszwecken gesammelt wurde. Die paläographischen Forschungsergebnisse lassen erhebliche Zweifel an der bisher angenommenen Verbindung zu Melito's „On Pascha“ aufkommen. Lässt man diese Verbindung aber einmal außer Acht, ergeben sich für das Fragment neue Deutungsmöglichkeiten. Dieser Artikel untersucht die Bedeutung des Fragments aus der Sicht der frühen Christen in Bezug auf die eschatologische Hochzeitsfeier und belegt anhand stichhaltiger Beweise, dass ein syrisches Original möglicherweise die Grundlage hierzu gebildet hat. „Lob an die Mutter“ (ᾄσατε τῇ μητρί) bezieht sich demnach mehr auf den Heiligen Geist als auf Maria oder die Kirche.
Zur Motivation der tetrarchischen Christenverfolgung
Authors: Aubreville Philip 
Published: March 2010

ABSTRACT
This article deals with the motivation for the persecution of Christians during the Roman tetrarchy of 303-311/313. In the first part, five main explanations are presented, which can be found both in the sources itself and in modern research. As none of these explanations can claim an absolute interpretation, there is room for another theory. In the second part, I try to prove that theory: I act on the assumption, that the Christians didn't provoke the persecution by their behaviour, but were chosen as a group of victims because they were “different”. The exclusion, resulting of that persecution, should starch the identity of the other inhabitants of the empire. This was possibly to balance the threatening deficit of stability after the intended abdication of Diocletian in 305. In fact there are evidences for this theory in the sources: Mainly the exotification of the Christians demonstrated by the concrete measures of the persecution as described by Eusebius are an evidence, that the persecution of Christians during the tetrarchy was motivated to consolidate the stability in the empire by using the simple sociological mechanism of “Identity per Exclusion”.
„All das ist Zierde für den Ort …“. Das diakonisch-karitative Großprojekt des Basileios von Kaisareia
Authors: Müller Andreas 
Published: March 2010

ABSTRACT
The so-called Basileias, founded by Basil the Great before 370 is characterised as a Wonder of the World by Gregory of Nazianz. The importance of this institution is based on the combination of hospice, poorhouse and hospital in the frame of monastic life. The archetype of the Basileias probably has to be identified as the Pachomian Monasteries in Egypt, which provided a similar combination of various institutions. The former soldier Pachom may have been influenced in creating such a new type of monastery by the layout of Roman military camps. The valetudinarium of Roman military camps has probably been the inspiration for the hospitals of the monasteries. Basil conceived the whole world as a monastery. Therefore, he organised the suburbs of Caesarea in the image of a monastery. However, he did not create new forms of institutions. An interpretation of the Basileias as a Wonder of the World is understandable, since it offered a new combination of old institutional elements with the interpretatio christiana of human nature. The poor, the foreigner and the sick were offered a possibilty to encounter God himself in the Basileias.
„Patriarchen“ oder „Patriarchate“? (Sokrates, h.e. V 8,14)
Authors: Hansen Günther Christian 
Published: March 2010

ABSTRACT
Socrates' record (Historia ecclesiastica V 8) of the Second Ecumenical Council (Constantinople 381) seems to be influenced by a document forged in favour of the see of Constantinople. In Historia ecclesiastica V 8,14 one should read πατριαρχίας, not πατριάρχας.
Impact of blood glucose values in patients with and without insulin treatment following paediatric cardiac surgery
Authors: Breuer T. , Sápi E. , Hartyánszky I. L. , Cserép Zs. , Vargha P. , Treszl A. , Kertai M. D. , Gál J. , Tóth M. , Szatmári A. , Székely Andrea 
Published: March 2010

AbstractObjective:To investigate the associations of blood glucose (BG) parameters and postoperative complications following paediatric cardiac surgery in the presence and absence of insulin treatment.Methods:Prospectively collected perioperative data on 810 consecutive patients who underwent surgery for congenital heart disease were retrospectively analysed. A combined outcome of death and multiple organ dysfunction (any two of the followings: infectious, cardiac, pulmonary, renal or neurological complications) was considered as the endpoint.Results:In total, 110 patients developed the combined endpoint and 32 of these patients died during the perioperative period. Patients treated with insulin were younger, smaller and underwent more complex procedures. They had higher peak BG levels and higher daily BG fluctuation, however, BG parameters were not associated with adverse outcome. In patients without insulin treatment, peak BG values higher than 250 mg/dl (OR, 7.65; 95% CI, 1.06–55.17;p=0.043) and BG fluctuation exceeding the level of 150 mg/dl (10.72; 1.74–65.90p=0.010) on the first postoperative day were independently associated with the combined endpoint.Conclusions:Peak BG level and BG fluctuation on the first postoperative day were associated with the combined endpoint of complications and death but these results were only confined to patients without insulin treatment.