bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quantification of entanglement and coherence with purity detection
Authors: Zhang Ting , Smith Graeme , Smolin John A. , Liu Lu , Peng Xu-Jie , Zhao Qi , Girolami Davide , Ma Xiongfeng , Yuan Xiao , Lu He 
Published: June 2024

AbstractEntanglement and coherence are fundamental properties of quantum systems, promising to power near-future quantum technologies, such as quantum computation, quantum communication, and quantum metrology. Yet, their quantification, rather than mere detection, generally requires reconstructing the spectrum of quantum states, i.e., experimentally challenging measurement sets that increase exponentially with the system size. Here, we demonstrate quantitative bounds to operationally useful entanglement and coherence that are universally valid, analytically computable, and experimentally friendly. Specifically, our main theoretical results are lower and upper bounds to the coherent information and the relative entropy of coherence in terms of local and global purities of quantum states. To validate our proposal, we experimentally implement two purity detection methods in an optical system: shadow estimation with random measurements and collective measurements on pairs of state copies. The experiment shows that both the coherent information and the relative entropy of coherence of pure and mixed unknown quantum states can be bounded by purity functions. Our research offers an efficient means of verifying large-scale quantum information processing.
Bio-originated mesosilicate SBA-15: synthesis, characterization, and application for heavy metal removal
Authors: Yang Wensheng , Shirazian Saeed , Soltani Roozbeh , Zare Masoud Habibi 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIn the path of walking on the road of sustainable and eco-friendly production methods for manufacturing nanomaterials and utilizing them in environmental applications, this article deals with the prosperous synthesis of a biogenic cyclam-functionalized homologous SBA-15 (BCFH-SBA-15). For this purpose, the agricultural waste of the extensively consumed sorghum was used as a rich source of silica in the preparation of BCFH-SBA-15 with a bimodal micro-mesoporous architecture and a substantial surface area of 325 m2 g–1 through a simple one-pot environmentally friendly approach. The material was structurally characterized through the use of different instrumental analyses such as XRD, FTIR, FESEM, TEM, and nitrogen adsorption/desorption isotherms. BCFH-SBA-15 proved to be highly efficient in adsorbing Ni(II) in aqueous solutions, as confirmed by the most reliable classical models utilized for determining isotherm, thermodynamic, and kinetic adsorption parameters. The Langmuir isotherm model provided the most accurate representation of the experimental results, and it was used to calculate the maximum adsorption capacity of BCFH-SBA-15 under optimal conditions (pH = 6.0, adsorbent dose = 3.00 mg, contact time = 20 min). The maximum adsorption capacity at four temperatures of 298, 303, 308, and 313 K was estimated to be 243.36, 253.87, 260.95, and 266.28 mg g–1, respectively; surpassing most previously reported adsorbents for Ni(II) adsorption. The thermodynamic data of Ni(II) adsorption on the BCFH-SBA-15 indicated a strong chemisorption ($${\triangle H}_{{\rm{ads}}.}^{\circ }$$

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= +122.61 kJ mol–1) and spontaneous process ($${\triangle G}_{{\rm{ads}}.}^{\circ }$$

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.= −29.161 to −36.801 kJ mol–1) with a low degree of randomness ($${\triangle S}_{{\rm{ads}}.}^{\circ }$$

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Microscopy Image Dataset for Deep Learning-Based Quantitative Assessment of Pulmonary Vascular Changes
Authors: Sinitca Aleksandr M. , Lyanova Asya I. , Kaplun Dmitrii I. , Hassan Hassan , Krasichkov Alexander S. , Sanarova Kseniia E. , Shilenko Leonid A. , Sidorova Elizaveta E. , Akhmetova Anna A. , Vaulina Dariya D. , Karpov Andrei A. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractPulmonary hypertension (PH) is a syndrome complex that accompanies a number of diseases of different etiologies, associated with basic mechanisms of structural and functional changes of the pulmonary circulation vessels and revealed pressure increasing in the pulmonary artery. The structural changes in the pulmonary circulation vessels are the main limiting factor determining the prognosis of patients with PH. Thickening and irreversible deposition of collagen in the pulmonary artery branches walls leads to rapid disease progression and a therapy effectiveness decreasing. In this regard, histological examination of the pulmonary circulation vessels is critical both in preclinical studies and clinical practice. However, measurements of quantitative parameters such as the average vessel outer diameter, the vessel walls area, and the hypertrophy index claimed significant time investment and the requirement for specialist training to analyze micrographs. A dataset of pulmonary circulation vessels for pathology assessment using semantic segmentation techniques based on deep-learning is presented in this work. 609 original microphotographs of vessels, numerical data from experts’ measurements, and microphotographs with outlines of these measurements for each of the vessels are presented. Furthermore, here we cite an example of a deep learning pipeline using the U-Net semantic segmentation model to extract vascular regions. The presented database will be useful for the development of new software solutions for the analysis of histological micrograph.
VectAbundance: a spatio-temporal database of Aedes mosquitoes observations
Authors: Da Re Daniele , Marini Giovanni , Bonannella Carmelo , Laurini Fabrizio , Manica Mattia , Anicic Nikoleta , Albieri Alessandro , Angelini Paola , Arnoldi Daniele , Blaha Marharyta , Bertola Federica , Caputo Beniamino , De Liberato Claudio , della Torre Alessandra , Flacio Eleonora , Franceschini Alessandra , Gradoni Francesco , Kadriaj Përparim , Lencioni Valeria , Del Lesto Irene , La Russa Francesco , Lia Riccardo Paolo , Montarsi Fabrizio , Otranto Domenico , L’Ambert Gregory , Rizzoli Annapaola , Rombolà Pasquale , Romiti Federico , Stancher Gionata , Torina Alessandra , Velo Enkelejda , Virgillito Chiara , Zandonai Fabiana , Rosà Roberto 
Published: June 2024

AbstractModelling approaches play a crucial role in supporting local public health agencies by estimating and forecasting vector abundance and seasonality. However, the reliability of these models is contingent on the availability of standardized, high-quality data. Addressing this need, our study focuses on collecting and harmonizing egg count observations of the mosquito Aedes albopictus, obtained through ovitraps in monitoring and surveillance efforts across Albania, France, Italy, and Switzerland from 2010 to 2022. We processed the raw observations to obtain a continuous time series of ovitraps observations allowing for an extensive geographical and temporal coverage of Ae. albopictus population dynamics. The resulting post-processed observations are stored in the open-access database VectAbundance.This initiative addresses the critical need for accessible, high-quality data, enhancing the reliability of modelling efforts and bolstering public health preparedness.
A phenomenological inquiry into farmers’ experiences growing cotton in Punjab, Pakistan
Authors: Ashraf Saleem , Ch Khalid Mahmood , Ashraf Ijaz , Akbar Nadeem 
Published: June 2024

AbstractSustainability in cotton production is inevitable because producing more cotton means more employment, economic acceleration, and industrial expansion. India, China, the United States, Brazil, and Pakistan contribute 74% of worldwide cotton production. Pakistan is contributing only 5%, despite the high potential of cotton. The average yield of cotton in Pakistan is stagnant at 570.99 kg hm−2, whereas it entails the highest cost of production among all other crops. The yield obtained in Pakistan is less than the potential, profitability is drastically lessening, and farmers are abandoning cotton for alternative kharif crops. Some traditional quantitative studies have unveiled different factors that affect cotton production. However, an in-depth qualitative study has never been conducted in Pakistan to explore the root causes of growing cotton crop failure. Following Moustakas’s traditional phenomenological guidelines, this phenomenological study was conducted in the district of Rahim Yar Khan in the core cotton zone of Punjab province. A total of 10 interviews were conducted with purposively selected cotton growers based on a criterion: (i) having more than 10 years of cotton growing experience, (ii) being a cotton grower, and (iii) having at least 10 years of formal schooling. Interviews were conducted face to face on an interview guide. One interview lasted 45–50 min, and responses were recorded and analyzed using a thematic analysis approach. A total of 6 themes emerged from the collected data, including (i) climate change, (ii) varietal problems, (iii) pesticide usage, (iv) sense of institutional services, (v) attitude of farmers and (vi) soil health and environment. These six merging themes contributed to cotton crop failure and yield decline. The deep exploration further summarized that researchers, extensionists, and farmers need to seriously consider variety, sowing time, and the environment to revive cotton crops. The detailed recommendations and policy guidelines are presented in this paper, highlighting the cotton sector’s research, development and investment areas.
Assessment of the impacts of artificial intelligence (AI) on intercultural communication among postgraduate students in a multicultural university environment
Authors: Sarwari Abdul Qahar , Javed Muhammad Naeem , Mohd Adnan Hamedi , Abdul Wahab Mohammad Nubli 
Published: June 2024

AbstractArtificial intelligence (AI) broadly influences different aspects of human life, especially human communication. One of the main concerns of the broad use of AI in daily interactions among different people could be whether it helps them interact easily or complicates their interactions. To answer the mentioned question, this study assessed the impacts of AI on intercultural communication among postgraduate students in a multicultural university environment. A newly developed survey instrument was used to conduct this study. The participants of this study were 115 postgraduate students from nine different countries. The descriptive statistics, reliability analysis, and Bivariate correlation tests of the 29th version of IBM-SPSS software were used to analyze the quantitative data, and inductive coding and conceptual content analysis were used to code and analyze the qualitative data. Based on descriptive results, the vast majority (93%) of the participants already used and experienced AI in their daily lives, and the majority of them believed that AI and AI technologies connect different cultures, reduce language and cultural barriers, and help people of different cultures to interact and be connected. Based on the results from the correlation test, there were strong positive correlations between AI attitudes and AI benefits, and also between AI regulation and AI benefits.
Vat photopolymerization printing of functionalized hydrogels on commercial contact lenses
Authors: Hisham Muhammed , Butt Haider 
Published: June 2024

AbstractContact lenses are widely used for vision correction and cosmetic purposes. Smart contact lenses offer further opportunities as functionalized non-invasive devices capable of simultaneous vision correction, real-time health monitoring and patient specific drug delivery. Herein, a low-cost vat photopolymerization technique is developed for directly 3D printing functionalized structures on commercially available contact lenses. The process enables controlled deposition of functionalized hydrogels, in customizable patterns, on the commercial contact lens surface with negligible optical losses. Multi-functional contact lenses can also be 3D printed with multiple materials deposited at different regions of the contact lens. Herein, the functionalities of colour blindness correction and real-time UV monitoring are demonstrated, by employing three suitable dyes incorporated into 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) hydrogel structures printed on contact lenses. The results suggest that 3D printing can pave the way towards simple production of low-cost patient specific smart contact lenses.
Contactless vital signs monitoring in macaques using a mm-wave FMCW radar
Authors: Zhang Jiajin , Hu Renjie , Chen Lichang , Gao Yu , Wu Dong-Dong 
Published: June 2024

AbstractHeart rate (HR) and respiration rate (RR) play an important role in the study of complex behaviors and their physiological correlations in non-human primates (NHPs). However, collecting HR and RR information is often challenging, involving either invasive implants or tedious behavioral training, and there are currently few established simple and non-invasive techniques for HR and RR measurement in NHPs owing to their stress response or indocility. In this study, we employed a frequency-modulated continuous wave (FMCW) radar to design a novel contactless HR and RR monitoring system. The designed system can estimate HR and RR in real time by placing the FMCW radar on the cage and facing the chest of both awake and anesthetized macaques, the NHP investigated in this study. Experimental results show that the proposed method outperforms existing methods, with averaged absolute errors between the reference monitor and radar estimates of 0.77 beats per minute (bpm) and 1.29 respirations per minute (rpm) for HR and RR, respectively. In summary, we believe that the proposed non-invasive and contactless estimation method could be generalized as a HR and RR monitoring tool for NHPs. Furthermore, after modifying the radar signal-processing algorithms, it also shows promise for applications in other experimental animals for animal welfare, behavioral, neurological, and ethological research.
A qualitative assessment of limits of active flight in low density atmospheres
Authors: Pajusalu Mihkel , Seager Sara , Huang Jingcheng , Petkowski Janusz J. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractExoplanet atmospheres are expected to vary significantly in thickness and chemical composition, leading to a continuum of differences in surface pressure and atmospheric density. This variability is exemplified within our Solar System, where the four rocky planets exhibit surface pressures ranging from 1 nPa on Mercury to 9.2 MPa on Venus. The direct effects and potential challenges of atmospheric pressure and density on life have rarely been discussed. For instance, atmospheric density directly affects the possibility of active flight in organisms, a critical factor since without it, dispersing across extensive and inhospitable terrains becomes a major limitation for the expansion of complex life. In this paper, we propose the existence of a critical atmospheric density threshold below which active flight is unfeasible, significantly impacting biosphere development. To qualitatively assess this threshold and differentiate it from energy availability constraints, we analyze the limits of active flight on Earth, using the common fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster, as a model organism. We subjected Drosophila melanogaster to various atmospheric density scenarios and reviewed previous data on flight limitations. Our observations show that flies in an N2-enriched environment recover active flying abilities more efficiently than those in a helium-enriched environment, highlighting behavioral differences attributable to atmospheric density vs. oxygen deprivation.
A novel efficient strategy to generate liver sinusoidal endothelial cells from human pluripotent stem cells
Authors: Tian Shang-Ping , Ge Jian-Yun , Song Yu-Mu , Yu Xiao-Qing , Chen Wen-Hao , Chen Yu-Ying , Ye Di , Zheng Yun-Wen 
Published: June 2024

AbstractLiver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSECs) are highly specialized endothelial cells (ECs) that play an important role in liver development and regeneration. Additionally, it is involved in various pathological processes, including steatosis, inflammation, fibrosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. However, the rapid dedifferentiation of LSECs after culture greatly limits their use in vitro modeling for biomedical applications. In this study, we developed a highly efficient protocol to induce LSEC-like cells from human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) in only 8 days. Using single-cell transcriptomic analysis, we identified several novel LSEC-specific markers, such as EPAS1, LIFR, and NID1, as well as several previously revealed markers, such as CLEC4M, CLEC1B, CRHBP and FCN3. These LSEC markers are specifically expressed in our LSEC-like cells. Furthermore, hiPSC-derived cells expressed LSEC-specific proteins and exhibited LSEC-related functions, such as the uptake of acetylated low density lipoprotein (ac-LDL) and immune complex endocytosis. Overall, this study confirmed that our novel protocol allowed hiPSCs to rapidly acquire an LSEC-like phenotype and function in vitro. The ability to generate LSECs efficiently and rapidly may help to more precisely mimic liver development and disease progression in a liver-specific multicellular microenvironment, offering new insights into the development of novel therapeutic strategies.
Enteric viral pathogens and child growth among under-five children: findings from South Asia and sub-Saharan Africa
Authors: Das Rina , Haque Md. Ahshanul , Kotloff Karen L. , Nasrin Dilruba , Hossain M. Jahangir , Sur Dipika , Ahmed Tahmeed , Levine Myron M. , Breiman Robert F. , Faruque A. S. G. , Freeman Matthew C. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractEnteric viral pathogens are associated with a significant burden of childhood morbidity and mortality. We investigated the relationship between viral pathogens and child growth among under-5 children. We analyzed data from 5572/22,567 children enrolled in the Global Enteric Multicenter Study across seven study sites (2007–2011). Multiple linear regression was used to examine the association between the viral pathogens and changes of length/height-for-age (HAZ), weight-for-age (WAZ), and weight-for-length/height (WHZ) z-scores, stratified by diarrheal symptoms and adjusted for potential covariates. Rotavirus (18.51%) and norovirus (7.33%) were the most prevalent enteric viral pathogens among symptomatic and asymptomatic under-5 children, respectively. Infection with individual enteric viral pathogens hurts child growth in asymptomatic children. However, the relationship with HAZ was less clear and statistically non-significant. On the other hand, the combined viral pathogens demonstrated a strong negative influence on child growth [WAZ: β coef.: − 0.10 (95%, CI − 0.15, − 0.05); P < 0.001 and WHZ: β: − 0.12 (95% CI − 0.17, − 0.07); P < 0.001] among asymptomatic children. Infection with any viral pathogen was associated with growth shortfalls [HAZ: β: − 0.05 (95% CI − 0.09, 0.00); P = 0.03 and WAZ: β: − 0.11 (95% CI − 0.16, − 0.07); P < 0.001 and WHZ: β: − 0.13 (95% CI − 0.18, − 0.09); P < 0.001], though the relationship with HAZ was less evident and became statistically non-significant in older children. Notably, among symptomatic children with moderate-to-severe diarrhea, individual enteric viral pathogens, as well as the combined effects of these pathogens [WHZ: β: 0.07; (95% CI 0.01, 0.14); P = 0.03] and the presence of any virus [HAZ: β: 0.09 (95% CI 0.05, 0.13) & WAZ: β: 0.08 (95% CI 0.03, 0.12); P < 0.001], exhibited positive effects on child growth. While previous studies hypothesized that several viral pathogens had a conflicting controversial role in child growth, we find clear indications that enteric viral pathogens are associated with growth shortfalls, specifically among asymptomatic children. These findings highlight the need for preventive strategies targeting children with enteric viral pathogens, which could address the consequences of growth faltering.
Rapid mapping of global flood precursors and impacts using novel five-day GRACE solutions
Authors: Rateb Ashraf , Save Himanshu , Sun Alexander Y. , Scanlon Bridget R. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractFloods affect communities and ecosystems worldwide, emphasizing the importance of identifying their precursors and enhancing resilience to these events. Here, we calculated Antecedent Total Water Storage (ATWS) anomalies from the new 5-day (5D) Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) and its Follow-On (GRACE-FO) satellite solutions to enhance the detection of pre-flood and active flood conditions and to map post-flood storage anomalies. The GRACE data were compared with ~ 3300 flood events reported by the Dartmouth Flood Observatory (2002–2021), revealing distinct ATWS precursor signals in 5D solutions, in contrast to the monthly solutions. Specifically, floods caused by saturation-excess runoff—triggered by persistent rainfall, monsoonal patterns, snowmelt, or rain-on-snow events—show detectable ATWS increases 15 to 50 days before and during floods, providing a valuable opportunity to improve flood monitoring. These 5D solutions also facilitate a more rapid mapping of post-flood storage changes to assess flood recovery from tropical cyclones and sub-monthly weather extremes. Our findings show the promising potential of 5D GRACE solutions, which are still in the development phase, for future integration into operational frameworks to enhance flood detection and recovery, facilitating the rapid analysis of storage changes relative to monthly solutions.
The pigeon circovirus evolution, epidemiology and interaction with the host immune system under One Loft Race rearing conditions
Authors: Stenzel Tomasz , Dziewulska Daria , Łukaszuk Ewa , Custer Joy M. , De Koch Matthew D. , Kraberger Simona , Varsani Arvind 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis study was aimed to investigate the frequency of PiCV recombination, the kinetics of PiCV viremia and shedding and the correlation between viral replication and host immune response in young pigeons subclinically infected with various PiCV variants and kept under conditions mimicking the OLR system. Fifteen racing pigeons originating from five breeding facilities were housed together for six weeks. Blood and cloacal swab samples were collected from birds every seven days to recover complete PiCV genomes and determine PiCV genetic diversity and recombination dynamics, as well as to assess virus shedding rate, level of viremia, expression of selected genes and level of anti-PiCV antibodies. Three hundred and eighty-eight complete PiCV genomes were obtained and thirteen genotypes were distinguished. Twenty-five recombination events were detected. Recombinants emerged during the first three weeks of the experiment which was consistent with the peak level of viremia and viral shedding. A further decrease in viremia and shedding partially corresponded with IFN-γ and MX1 gene expression and antibody dynamics. Considering the role of OLR pigeon rearing system in spreading infectious agents and allowing their recombination, it would be reasonable to reflect on the relevance of pigeon racing from both an animal welfare and epidemiological perspective.