bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Immunoradiometrical Measurement of Tissue Polypeptide Specific Antigen (TPS) in Normal, Healthy, Nonpregnant and Pregnant Japanese Women
Authors: Inaba Noriyuki , Fukasawa Ichio , Okajima Yuko , Ota Yoriko , Tanaka Kiyoshi , Matsui Hideo , Iwasaki Hideaki , Sato Naomi , Sudo Hatsumi , Björklund Bertil , Takamizawa Hiroyoshi 
Published: August 2010

AbstractUsing a monoclonal immunoradiometrical assay, we measured the concentrations of the specific epitope M3 of tissue polypeptide antigen (TPA), namely, tissue polypeptide specific antigen (TPS), in serum and amniotic fluid obtained from normal, healthy, nonpregnant and pregnant Japanese women (NHNJW and NHPJW).The cut‐off value of the serum TPS level was set at 130 Ul, based on the mean+2 standard deviations in the NHNJW. The serial measurement of serum TPS levels demonstrated the significant emporal elevation of TPS level near the time of ovula‐tion (±3 days) in the ovulatory women. In the NHPJW, the mean serum TPS level and the positivity rate (>130 U/l) increased with the advance of gestation, reaching 183.7 U/l and 66.7%, respectively, in the third trimester. Maternal serum levels were much elevated just before (mean: 982.3 U/l) and after (mean: 824.6 U/l) delivery, and were reduced to about one‐fourth by 3 days. In addition, markedly high TPS concentrations were found in the retroplacental blood (one case: 9,076 U/l) and the amniotic fluid (mean: 11,650 U/l). The serum TPS level correlated well (r=0.871) with the serum TPA level in the TPS range of 2‐2,000 U/l, while a poor correlation (r=0.273) was found in the TPS range of 2–500 U/l.The present study thus obtained fundamental data on TPS in Japanese women. The fluctuation and change of serum TPS levels during the menstrual cycle and in pregnancy should be taken into consideration when we apply TPS as a tumor marker for women.
Experimental Studies of Cis‐Diamminedichloroplatinum (II) and Cis‐Diammine‐1, 1‐Cyclobutandicarboxylate Platinum (II) Combination Therapy for Malignant Gynecologic Tumors
Authors: Kato Noriko 
Published: August 2010

AbstractA comparative exploration of the optimum regimens for CDDP and CBDCA therapy of malignant gynecologic tumors was conducted using both in vitro and in vivo approaches. In vitro, CBDCA exerted less cytotoxicity with short‐time exposure, but over a longer time was as effective as CDDP. Pharmacokinetic studies demonstrated rapid binding of all administered CDDP to protein, while free‐Pt was seen for many hours after CBDCA treatment. These results suggest that the gradual action of CBDCA leads to the appearance of cytotoxicity, and that in clinical use CBDCA affects the tumor cells for a long time. To increase the active dose of platinum, treatment with high doses of CDDP, or CBDCA, or the two platinum compounds with different pharmacokinetic behavior in combination, was designed for optimal therapeutic protocols. In the CDDP‐alone treatment animals, renal toxicity was apparent with the increase in dose level. However, in the combination CDDP‐and‐CBDCA treatment animals, the total dose level could be elevated without causing toxicity. In the drug‐sensitivity test, the combination therapy also exerted strong activity. The fact that the combined CDDP‐and‐CBDCA therapy appears to exert greater anti‐tumor effects without any increment in adverse toxicity of these drugs is clinically promising.
Birth Weight Distribution in The United Arab Emirates
Authors: Hughes Phillip F. , Morrison John 
Published: August 2010

AbstractBirth weight is a point measure of size, not a measure of growth and past presentation of birth weight data has confounded its use by maintaining an emphasis on size at birth rather than health at birth. This paper presents current data for a United Arab Emirates (UAE) national population for both international comparison and contrast with other Gulf populations. Unique local conditions include a high rate of diabetes in pregnancy, extreme grandmultiparity and significant numbers of mature gravida (age >35 yrs), and emphasizes a need for a re‐appraisal and redevelopment of this form of analysis as a part of the overall obstetric care of the pregnant population.
Immunological Characterization of Human Decidual Mononuclear Cells: Natural Killer Activity, Response to Interleukin‐2 and Distribution of Interleukin‐2 Receptor Subunits
Authors: Kurahayashi Yumiyo , Uehara Shigeki , Okamura Kunihiro , Yajima Akira , Sugamura Kazuo 
Published: August 2010

AbstractWe investigated the immunological character of mononuclear cells obtained from the decidua in the first trimester of normal pregnancy. These cells showed in vitro cytotoxicity against NK cell targets, although with lower activity than that of the peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Response to IL‐2 was dose‐dependent. Since decidual CD56‐positive cells express two IL‐2 receptor subunits, p55 and p75, it is concluded that these cells have high‐affinity receptors to IL‐2. Peripheral blood CD56‐positive cells, which express p75 alone, might have intermediate‐affinity IL‐2 receptors. These results indicate that the decidual mononuclear cells have a function resembling that of the peripheral blood NK cells in vitro, moreover, that even low levels of IL‐2 can affect the character of the decidual mononuclear cells through the high‐affinity IL‐2 receptor. It is considered that the NK activity of decidual mononuclear cells is suppressed in conditions of low IL‐2 levels to permit the maintenance of pregnancy, but can be rapidly elicited by intrauterine infections or abortion, both of which elicit the secretion of IL‐2.
Prostaglandin Biosynthesis in the Umbilical Artery and Its Relation to Fetal Growth
Authors: Mitsuhashi Naoki , Kuwabara Yoshinori 
Published: August 2010

AbstractArachidonic acid metabolites were investigated in umbilical arteries of 16 normal pregnancies. Several prostaglandins (PGs) and hydroxyacids were synthesized by the umbilical artery. Prostaglandin I2, PGF2a, PGE2 and PGD2 were found in the products, and PGI2 was the most abundant metabolite in the umbilical artery. The conversion rate of PGI2 from arachidonic acid is strongly correlated with the body weight of the baby (correlation coefficient: 0.621) and with the weight of the placenta (correlation coefficient: 0.668). PGI2 is known to be a strong vasodilator and anticoagulant, and is known to increase blood circulation. We therefore conclude that the PGI2‐syn‐thetic activity of the umbilical artery is strongly related to feto‐placental blood flow and hence to fetal growth.
Autologous Blood Transfusion for the Patient with Placenta Previa Complicated by Placenta Increta: A Case Report
Authors: Kuromaki Kenichi , Takeda Satoru , Seki Hiroyuki , Kinoshita Katsuyuki , Maeda Hiroo , Hitomi Yuko 
Published: August 2010

AbstractThe patient, who was 34 years of age, had previously had a transverse incision of the lower uterine segment cesarean section because of placenta previa. She was admitted to the hospital due to placenta previa again at 27 weeks of gestation in the current pregnancy. Ultrasound examination revealed placenta increta as well as placenta previa. In an attempt to avoid homologous blood transfusion at the time of profuse hemorrhage anticipated to occur during cesarean section, an autologous blood transfusion was planned. Fifteen hundred ml of autologous blood was collected by a leap‐frog method during the 8 weeks prior to cesarean section. A cesarean hysterectomy was performed at 37 weeks of gestation because of placenta increta. Blood loss was estimated at 1,830 ml, and 1,500 ml of autologous blood was transfused.A leap‐frog method of autologous blood collection for this pregnant woman with risk of massive hemorrhage was simple and beneficial, resulting in the preservation of more than 1,500 ml of autologous blood for transfusion.
Two Cases of Gas Gangrene Complicating Uterine Rupture and Fetal Death at Term
Authors: Habeebullah S. , Bupathy A. , Rajaram P. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractTwo patients with obstructed labor and uterine rupture complicated by clostridial septicemia are reported. The diagnosis was apparent clinically. The importance of early diagnosis and prompt treatment are emphasized. The place of hysterectomy, which should be individualized is discussed. All efforts should be directed towards prophylaxis in high risk cases.
Effects of Human Serum Supplementation on Fertilization and Development of Mouse Embryos
Authors: Tanikawa Masahiro 
Published: August 2010

AbstractSerum is generally used as a protein supplement in culture media for human in vitro fertilization (IVF). To determine the effects of serum supplementation on the development of preimplantation embryos, one‐cell and two‐cell mouse embryos fertilized in vitro and in vivo were cultured in BWW medium supplemented with preovulatory patient serum (PS), human fetal cord serum (HCS), or bovine serum albumin (BSA). The rates of fertilization and development of embryos fertilized in vitro and in vivo were suppressed when the embryos were cultured with PS or HCS as compared with BSA. In the medium supplemented with HCS, growth of in vitro fertilized embrycs was retarded at an earlier embryonic stage than was the case with embryos fertilized in vivo. These results suggest that the in vitro fertilized embryo culture model is more sensitive to culture conditions than is the in vivo fertilized embryo culture model. Incorporations of [3H]uridine and [3H] leucine were measured using embryos that developed to the blastocyst stage in a medium supplemented with HCS or BSA. Blastocysts cultured with HCS showed significantly higher incorporations of [3H]uridine and [3H]leucine than those cultured with BSA. While serum supplementation in culture media has adverse effects on embryo cleavage, it augments synthesis of RNA and protein.
Prediction of Pregnancy‐Induced Hypertension by Isometric Exercise
Authors: Tomoda Shoji , Kitanaka Takashi , Ogita Sachio , Hidaka Atsuo 
Published: August 2010

AbstractThe purpose of this study is to evaluate an isometric exercise (Hand‐Grip test) as a method to predict pregnancy‐induced hypertension (PIH). One hundred and twenty‐five pregnant women were given the Hand‐Grip (HG) test before the 15th gestational week. The Hand‐Grip test was rated positive when the systolic blood pressure increased 15 mmHg or more during isometric exercise or decreased 14 mmHg or more immediately after isometric exercise. As a result, the Hand‐Grip test had the highest sensitivity (81.8%) and specificity (68.4%) for predicting PIH, compared to other risk factors. The positive predictive value was 20% (second highest among risk factors, the actual incidence of hypertension was 8.8%), and the negative predictive value was 97.5% (highest). In conclusion, by use of a very simple Hand‐Grip test early in gestation, we are able to predict PIH with the highest sensitivity.
Spontaneous Perforation of Pyometra: A Case Report
Authors: Kaneko Yoshiharu , Doi Misa , Kaibara Manabu 
Published: August 2010

AbstractSpontaneous perforation is a rare complication of pyometra and is usually associated with uterine cervical occlusion. We report a very rare case of spontaneously perforated pyometra without cervical occlusion.A 56‐year‐old woman with severe abdominal pain was admitted to our hospital. Exploratory laparotomy was performed because of suspicion of gastro‐intestinal perforation with generalized peritonitis. There was no perforation of the stomach, gallbladder, or bowels, but examination of the uterus revealed a perforation of the uterine fundus. A total abdominal hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo‐oophorectomy was performed. Pathological investigation of the surgical specimen revealed endometritis and myometritis of the uterus; but there was no evidence of malignancy, and the cervical canal was patent. Although spontaneously perforated pyometra is rare, the condition must be born in mind with regard to elderly women with acute abdominal pain.
Sudden Death Due to Pulmonary Tumor Embolism in a Patient with Endodermal Sinus Tumor of the Ovary
Authors: Anai Takanobu , Hirota Yoshiko , Hayata Takashi , Miyakawa Isao 
Published: August 2010

AbstractOnly 2 cases of fatal pulmonary tumor embolism have been described in patients having malignant tumors of the ovary. Both were diffuse microtumor emboli in the pulmonary arteries of elderly individuals. We present a teen‐aged patient who died suddenly due to a massive tumor embolism of the right main pulmonary artery after a two‐year remission of an endodermal sinus tumor of the ovary. Upon her first admission, she was treated with radical operation and insufficient chemotherapy. Two years later, she was readmitted to our hospital because of the sudden onset of dyspnea and shock; and she died 5 hours after readmission. A case of endodermal sinus tumor of the ovary with fatal pulmonary tumor embolism is described.
Maternal Mortality: Evolving Trends
Authors: Loh F.H. , Arulkumaran S. , Montan Sven , Ratnam S.S. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractDespite improvement in socioeconomic standards, good and accessible health care facilities the maternal mortality rate in Singapore is not declining. The maternal mortality rate in National University Hospital, Singapore, over a 7 year period 1986–1992 was 22.9 per 100,000 when direct and indirect causes were considered (34.4 per 100,000 when incidental deaths were included). However closer scrutiny reveals that most deaths were not due to the traditional direct causes of haemorrhage, sepsis, embolism or hypertensive disease. Most were due to medical disorders which in their own right carries a high risk to life even without a pregnancy.
The Present Status of Assisted Reproductive Technology in Asia‐Oceania
Authors: Chang Yoon‐Seok , Jun Jong‐Kwan , Choi Young‐Min , Moon Shin‐Yong 
Published: August 2010

AbstractThis is a survey on the present status of assisted reproductive technology in the Asia‐Oceanic region. The survey formats were sent to the 19‐member societies of AOFOG. By the end of August 1991, 11 countries responded: Australia, Egypt, Hong Kong, Israel, Japan, Malaysia, New Zealand, Philippines, Republic of China, Singapore and Thailand. This report is a summary of data from 12 countries including Korea. It comprised of 14 headings: IVF, GIFT, AIH, AID, donor sperm in ART, donor eggs in ART, preembryos from IVF for donation, cryopreservation of eggs, cryopreservation of fertilized eggs and preembryos, research of preembryos, surrogate mothers, additional procedures, quality assurance in reproductive technology and formation of policy for emerging reproductive technology. Each heading is composed of status of regulations, cost and coverage and the results and management of program.
Fetal Bladder Outlet Obstruction Diagnosed at 13‐Weeks' Gestation
Authors: Oga Masayuki , Anai Takanobu , Yoshimatsu Jun , Inoue Ikuo , Kawano Yasushi , Miyakawa Isao 
Published: August 2010

AbstractAn ultrasonographic examination revealed increased fetal bladder size as well as fetal bilateral hydronephrosis at 13‐weeks' gestation. Diagnosis of the fetal urethral obstruction was made. Repeated ultrasonography was undertaken from the 13th to throuh 16th weeks of gestation. Percutaneous puncture with aspiration and laboratory analysis of fetal urine was performed at 15‐weeks' gestation. The fetal renal function seemed not to be damaged by use of these antenatal procedures. Following induced abortion at 16‐weeks' gestation, an autopsy showed that the fetal urethral obstruction was caused by a posterior valve, with no histological evidence of fetal renal dysplasia.
The Value of a Single Sensitive Urine Pregnancy Test in Prediction of Pregnancy Outcome
Authors: Chan Yuen‐fai , So William W. K. , Yeung William S. B. , Lau Estella Y. L. , Ho Pak‐chung 
Published: August 2010

AbstractA simple and reliable indicator for pregnancy outcome will be valuable clinically for patient management and for counselling women whose pregnancies are results of subfertility treatment. This study aimed at evaluating the ICON II test, a simple semiquantitative sensitive urine pregnancy test, in predicting pregnancy outcome in women who conceived after various forms of subfertility treatment. The ICON II test was performed on day 20 after the ovulating dose of hCG administration or spontaneous LH surge. One hundred and forty‐five consecutive pregnancies were studied, 99 being viable and 46 nonviable which included subclinical abortion, clinical abortion and ectopic pregnancies. There was a significant difference in the luteal serum progesterone and hCG levels between viable and nonviable pregnancies. There was also a significant difference in the ICON II test result, i.e. either weakly positive (hCG of 25–50 IU/l) and positive (hCG > 50 IU/l) and the pregnancy outcome (p < 0.0001). The specificity of a weakly positive ICON II test in predicting poor pregnancy outcome was 98.8% whereas the sensitivity was 28.6%. In conclusion, a weakly positive ICON II test is useful in predicting poor pregnancy outcome.
Trial of Vaginal Birth Following Cesarean Section for Arrest Disorders of Labor: Analysis of Patients with Well‐Documented Medical Records
Authors: Yasumizu Takehiko , Nozawa Akira , Kinoshita Toshihiko , Kato Junzo 
Published: August 2010

AbstractWe elucidated several controversial problems surrounding the vaginal trial in patients with prior abdominal delivery under the diagnosis of failure to progress or cephalopelvic disproportion, by conducting a prospective 6‐year survey on the basis of patients who underwent prior operation for arrest disorders of labor (ADL). Of 45 full‐term women who were denned as patients of prior ADL following a review of their past medical records, 28 patients underwent trial of labor and 75% (21/28) were successfully delivered of their infants vaginally. The seemingly critical determinants as to whether or not a vaginal birth is successful are the difference in neonatal weights between prior and current pregnancies as well as the difference between maternal obstetric conjugate and fetal biparietal diameter. These data suggest that patients who underwent prior cesarean section for indications of ADL have a high chance of safely succeeding if given a trial of labor under certain exclusionary criteria.
Activities of Phospholipase A2, Cyclooxygenase, and PGI2 Synthase of Umbilical Venous Endothelial Cells in Preeclamptic Women
Authors: Seki Hiroyuki , Takeda Satoru , Kinoshita Katsuyuki , Satoh Kazuo 
Published: August 2010

AbstractTo elucidate the cause of low prostacyclin (PGI2) production in severe preeclampsia (PE), we studied the activities of phospholipase A2, cyclooxygenase, and PGI2 synthase in umbilical venous endothelial cells obtained from healthy pregnant women and from patients with mild or severe PE. Umbilical venous endothelial cells homogenized in a buffer solution were analysed by calculating the apparent Vmax (mean ± SEM: p mol/min mg protein) and Km (mean ± SEM:;μm) values for phospholipase A2 activity by the release of arachidonic acid from phosphatidylcholine, for the activity of a complex of cyclooxygenase and PGI2 synthase by the conversion of arachidonic acid to PGI2, and the activity of PGI2 synthase by conversion of PGH2 to PGI2. The phospholipase A2 activity of normal‐pregnancy cells (Vmax; 17.0 ± 2.7 Km: 0.26 ± 0.04) (n = 10) significantly exceeded that of cells from women with either mild PE (5.8 ±0.5, 0.12 ± 0.02) (n = 4) or severe PE (6.3 ±2.0, 0.08 ± 0.03) (n = 5). The apparent combined activity of cyclooxygenase and PGI2 synthase in mild PE (552 ± 142, 0.29 ± 0.07) (n = 8) significantly exceeded that of a normal pregnancy (176 ± 42, 0.76 ± 0.25) (n = 7), whereas that in severe PE (326 ± 36, 3.26 ±0.78) (n = 3) was significantly lower than that of a normal pregnancy. PGI2 synthase activity in mild PE (305 ± 50, 0.12 ± 0.07) (n = 4) exceeded that of a normal pregnancy (220 ±45, 0.13 ±0.06) (n =5), whereas that in severe PE (55 ±12, 0.16 ± 0.04) (n = 3) was lower than that of a normal pregnancy. The phospholipase A2 activity in cells of normal pregnant women exceeded that of cells of women with mild or severe PE. The combined activity of cyclooxygenase and PGI2 synthase in a normal pregnancy was lower than in mild PE, but higher than in severe PE. Similar results were found for PGI2 synthase activity; in normal pregnancy the activity was less than in mild PE, but higher than in severe PE. Low production of PGI2 in severe PE seems to result from a decreased activity of enzymes that produce PGI2, especially cyclooxygenase.
Endocrinological and Histological Changes after Treatment of Uterine Leiomyomas with Danazol or Buserelin
Authors: Ueki Minoru , Okamoto Yoshiaki , Tsurunaga Takemichi , Seiki Yasuo , Ueda Masatsugu , Sugimoto Osamu 
Published: August 2010

AbstractThe following results were obtained from our investigations performed to compare the effects of danazol (400 mg/day orally for 4 to 6 months, n = 164) with those of buserelin (900 μg/day intranasally for 4 to 6 months, n = 83) on patients with uterine myomas.The effectiveness of buserelin (76.1%) in shrinking uterine myomas was better than that of danazol (56.7%). The serum‐estradiol and progesterone levels were lower in the buserelin group than in the danazol group. The estrogen and progesterone receptors in a hysterectomied uterus were positively stained even at the end of those therapies. The degree and frequency of hyaline degeneration were higher in the buserelin group than in the danazol group. Thus, the shrinking of uterine myomas and the degree of hyaline degeneration might be caused by the lowering of uterine‐tissue hormones, particularly of estradiol levels.
Vaginal Birth after One Previous Caesarean Section: A Jordanian Experience
Authors: Abu‐Heija Adel T. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractIn this prospective study, 119 women out of 135 (88%) of cases delivered previously by one lower segment caesarean section at Princess Basma Teaching Hospital in North Jordan, had a trial of labour, 103 out of 119 women (86.6%) delivered vaginally. A high incidence of vaginal delivery occurred in women originally delivered by caesarean section for cephalopelvic disproportion (CPD) (69%). Repeat caesarean section was necessary only in 13.4% of women mainly because of CPD and foetal distress. Labour was induced for obstetric reason only. The incidence of scar rupture was very low 1 of 119 cases (0.8%), with no maternal deaths. The duration of labour doesn't differ significantly for those who had from those who never had vaginal delivery before. So it is relatively safe to have a trial of labour in patients delivered previously by one caesarean section.
How Safe Is Caesarean Section
Authors: Mukherji Joydev , Samaddar Jitesh Chandra 
Published: August 2010

AbstractOver an almost 5 year period, 8,017 caesarean sections were done, and there were 51 maternal deaths following caesarean section (of which 5 were done outside). Caesarean section deaths accounted for 1 in 8 overall maternal deaths in the hospital, and institutional mortality for caesarean section was 5.7/1,000 operations. The causes of death included haemorragic shock in 19 (37.3%), general anaesthesia 6 (11.6%), hypertensive disorders 5 (9.8%), general anaesthesia in hypertensive pregnancies 4 (7.8%), septicaemia 7 (13.7%), hepatic failure 3 (5.9%), pulmonary edema 2 (3.9%) and unknown including pulmonary embolism 6 (11.6%). Five deaths followed elective operations. Caesarean section done in cases of antepartum haemorrage, hypertensive disorders, post caesarean pregnancies with adherent placentae and obstructed labour caused the majority of caesarean mortalities.