bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Promoting interaction and lowering speaking anxiety in an EMI course: a group dynamic assessment approach
Authors: Kao Yu-Ting 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
This study first examined the effectiveness of applying the Group Dynamic Assessment (G-DA) approach to assessing the oral skills of non-native English-speaking university students who are provided with mediation by their teacher in a small group setting. Second, it aimed to understand whether employing innovative G-DA techniques could reduce the speaking anxiety felt by university students if they received support from either their teacher or their peers during assessment. Fifty freshmen’ speaking performance on TOEFL integrated speaking tasks, and their responses to the teacher’s mediation in groups were compared. Results showed that (1) the G-DA approach could be a beneficial tool for assessing English oral proficiency in the EMI context, and (2) the procedures involved in G-DA helped university students feel less anxiety when prompted to respond orally. It provides insights into an alternative approach to assessment which can be employed to group learning in the context of EMI courses.
“Avenging the Nation”. Freedom of the Press and Constitutional Deliverance in Trollope’s Palliser Novels
Authors: Nicolini Matteo 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
This essay examines the notion of constitutional deliverance within the Victorian settlement. The expression points to the way constitutional arrangements react to threats that may disrupt the politico-legal order. Rooted in constitutional morality, it entails executing justice, restoring order, and protecting individuals’ rights and freedoms. To this end, it analyses Phineas Finn, Phineas Redux, and The Prime Minister, i.e. three of the six Anthony Trollope’s Palliser Novels, and explores whether the freedom of the press executed constitutional deliverance in the Victorian era. The essay will focus on Mr Quintus Slide, the editor of the People’s Banner, whose acts of moralisation seem to fit into the (political and biblical) notion of deliverance. The article argues that Slide used the press not to deliver the Nation, but to avenge his own interests. In so doing, he contradicted the idea of constitutional deliverance as embedded in Parliament, where the anointed Monarch summons His body politic to execute justice and protect it.
The Paradoxes of Sin: Vengeance as Death Drive in Janet Lewis’s The Wife of Martin Guerre
Authors: Carpi Daniela 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
If revenge functions to compensate for inequity arising from an initial transgression, thereby restoring equity, can we speak of restoration of an equitable social or personal situation in Janet Lewis’s novel The Wife of Martin Guerre (1941)? This work belongs to Janet Lewis’s series of three novels based on “Cases of Circumstantial Evidence”, of which The Wife of Martin Guerre is the most famous. It concerns the case of Martin Guerre, the sixteenth-century French peasant who apparently returned home to his wife after a long absence but was later revealed to be an impostor. The wife at first believes that the impostor is indeed her husband, then starts to have doubts, gathers information to contest his assertions, develops an exaggerated religious sense of guilt for the sin of adultery, and successfully sues him, leading to his being hanged. Several questions arise: is she justified in feeling guilty for having given in to sexual attraction, thus blinding herself to the available clues pointing to the impostor’s deception? Can the outcome be considered an equitable result, despite the fact that the false Martin Guerre was actually a good administrator, dealing fairly both with his subjects and his wife, and thus created a much more harmonious life for everybody than the lawful husband had done? I consider the story as a case of revenge stemming from an incorrect religious perspective, or alternatively narcissistic damage, which does not bring about redress of a tort, but rather social unhappiness.
Loyal to Whom? Friends, Spies, Revenge, and Our Man in Havana
Authors: Rossi Giuseppe 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The essay deals with the law and revenge issue, questioning the fundamental assumption according to which the law, by its own nature, should act as a substitute for vengeance. Provided that both law and revenge have their common grounds on the different, and at times conflicting, feelings of resentment and loyalty, the paper maintains that law can prevent revenge only if it is trusted by the victims, being itself a part to a bond of loyalty. Graham Greene’s 1958 “entertainment” Our Man in Havana is chosen as a reference scenario. The paper analyses the characters’ attitudes towards the law, their resentments, and their bonds of loyalty, and investigates the emotional scenario behind the two revenges mentioned in the novel. Finally, the essay maintains that each person’s degree of trust in the law, and therefore their willingness to renounce revenge, depends on that person’s own choices and inner feelings about themselves and the community.
Understanding Cooperation in Russian–Turkish Energy Relations
Authors: Akgül Pınar 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
This article conceptualises one of the most important factors shaping the Russian–Turkish multidimensional partnership—the dynamics around energy. It seeks to answer the question: “To what extent does energy ensure cooperation in Russian–Turkish relations, despite current tensions?” The author argues that even though the two countries have had disagreements over each other’s involvement in certain energy projects, their shared interests in energy have been strengthened by their interdependence and have led to a greater convergence, which in turn allows for cooperation. As a result, the energy sector serves as a mitigating factor in bilateral relations. The author focuses on Russian and non-Russian natural gas pipeline projects, using the interdependence theory as a theoretical framework.
FT4-to-FT3 ratio is a novel prognostic marker in subacute combined spinal cord degeneration patients
Authors: Luo Song , Wang Xiao-rui , Yang Li-juan , Zou Liang-yu 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Objectives
The FT4-to-FT3 ratio (FFR) variations in patients with subacute combined spinal cord degeneration (SCSD) as a potentially useful prognostic indicator are still unknown. This study aimed to investigate the changes of FFR as a potentially valuable prognostic predictor in patients with SCSD.

Methods
This study included 144 consecutive SCSD patients who received standard diagnostic and therapeutic procedures between January 2015 and December 2021 and were admitted to the Department of Neurology at the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University. At the time of admission, we gathered data on all patients’ demographics, daily routines, previous chronic conditions, medication histories, and other clinical details. For the purpose of measuring FFR, blood samples were specifically taken within 48 h of admission. The degree of neurological impairment of patients was assessed using the functional disability scale at the time of admission. At 6 months following discharge, the Modified Rankin Scale (mRS) was used to evaluate the clinical prognosis. To evaluate the relationship between the FFR and the risks of a poor outcome (mRS > 2), univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis was utilized. The significance of the FT4/FT3 ratio in predicting the clinical outcomes in SCSD patients 6 months after discharge was assessed using the area under curve-receiver operating characteristic (AUC-ROC).

Results
About 90 patients (62.5%) of the 144 patients had poor outcomes, while 54 (37.5%) had favorable outcomes. Higher FFR at admission was independently linked to higher odds of a poor outcome, according to a logistic analysis. With an optimized cutoff value of >2.843, the FFR exhibited the maximum accuracy for predicting a poor outcome, according to the AUC‒ROC curve (AUC 0.731, P < 0.001; sensitivity, 77.8%; specificity, 83.3%). FFR was identified as an independent predictor of poor outcomes by multivariate logistic regression (OR, 2.244; 95% CI, 1.74–2.90; P < 0.001).

Conclusions
We discovered that in patients who had a bad result 6 months after discharge, the FFR had dramatically increased at the time of admission, providing a unique prognostic marker in patients with SCSD.
Mindfulness programs for problematic usage of the internet: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Fendel Johannes C. , Vogt Annika , Brandtner Annika , Schmidt Stefan 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIntroductionProblematic usage of the internet (PUI) is an umbrella term for a range of uncontrolled, excessive, and potentially harmful online behaviors. Recently, numerous studies have examined the potential of mindfulness programs (MPs) for reducing PUI. We conducted a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis in this emerging field.MethodsWe searched eight databases from inception to October 18, 2022, with no language restrictions. We included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and nonrandomized trials (NRTs). The primary outcome was change in self-reported PUI, the secondary outcome was change in screen time.ResultsOf 3,473 identified records, 19 RCTs and 20 NRTs with a total of 1,549 participants were included. Participation in an MP was associated with large reductions in PUI in between-group analysis in RCTs (k = 19; g = −1.67; 95% CI −2.15, −1.19) and in within-group pre-post analysis in all studies (k = 35; g = −1.67; 95% CI −1.99, −1.36). Screen time showed a medium reduction in within-group pre-post analysis (k = 10; g = −0.65; 95% CI −0.90, −0.41). The effects for PUI remained significant in a series of sensitivity analyses, such as excluding low quality studies, excluding outliers, adjusting for publication bias, or using follow-up data. Heterogeneity between studies was high and the overall quality of evidence was rated low.Discussion and conclusionsMPs are probably effective in reducing PUI and might be effective in reducing screen time. Shortcomings in the quality of evidence highlight the need for high-quality controlled trials with long-term follow-ups to confirm results.
Efficiency of adaptive cruise control in commercial vehicles
Authors: Mohammed Dilshad , Nagy Victor , Jagicza Márton , Józsa Dávid , Horváth Balázs 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe evolution of autonomous vehicles hinges significantly upon the advancements in driving assistance systems. Adaptive cruise control, a pivotal component of these systems, warrants continuous real-world examination to assess its operational efficiency. The study investigates these systems integrated into diverse commercial vehicles with a specific focus on the following distances they provide. The findings reveal that camera-based systems offer shorter following distances relative to ISO standards, while radar-based and combined camera and radar-based systems provide larger following distances. The study contributes to understand adaptive cruise control technology and its alignment with safety standards, thereby aiding in the on-going development of self-driving vehicles.
Genetically Modified Crops: A Step Forward or Catastrophe?
Authors: Chandiramani N. 
Published: May 2024

For thousands of years India has been producing plants with desirable traits by conventional breeding methods. Through controlled cross breeding, several generations of our indigenous farming families have not only identified and selected but have also combined and propagated plants with favorable characteristics. This has been succinctly put by Viva Kermani, the environmentalist, in the following way: ‘Indian farmers have legitimate claims to be scientists, innovators, natural resource stewards, seed savers and hybridization experts.’ It is, therefore, ironical and agonizing that even though non-genetically modified agriculture is inextricably intertwined with Indian culture, history and ethos, and India produces enough to satisfy the hunger of its masses, there has been a push to promote genetically modified crops [GMCs] in India. Mammoth seed MNCs are greedily waiting to prey upon our multi-billion rupee seed market. This will create havoc with the lives of our farming communities; human, animal and plant life; agriculture and food safety and security; environment; and our rich bio-diversity.What are GMCs? Is there a need for such crops in India? Are there any risks related to GMCs? Do case studies support the mythical advantages of GMCs? What is the road ahead for India? This paper raises these questions.
Retinopathy of prematurity in multiple births versus single births preterm, extremely preterm infants
Authors: Ikram Syeda Sadiya , N Soumiya , Puri Sanjeev Kumar 
Published: May 2024

The purpose of the study was to compare the retinopathy of prematurity in preterm, extremely preterm infants between multiple and single births.It was a hospital – based cross sectional comparative study conducted among preterm 28 - ≤37 weeks of gestational age, extremely preterm ≤ 28 weeks of gestational age at delivery of multiple and single births. Data on Gestational age, birth weight, birth order (single/multiple), Risk factors, Refractive status, and Treatment type were noted. Ophthalmological findings were performed routinely at 4 weeks and repeated later depending upon the severity. 49 infants were involved in this study; 22 were born as singletons and 27 as multiples. Our results show 2.0% of subject in stage 1, 18.4% in stage 2, 8.2% in stage 3, 2.0% in stage 4 substantially corresponds with the severity of retinopathy of prematurity due to lower gestational week and lower birth weight. Multiple birth infants statistically had 6.1% in stage 1, 18.4% in stage 2, 8.2% in stage 3, 2.0% in stage 4 retinopathy of prematurity than single birth infants. Risk factor results indicates necrotizing enterocolitis (33.3% in stage 2), oxygen (35.5% in stage 2 and 16.1% in stage 3), sepsis (37.9%, and 20.7% in stage 3), and continuous positive airway pressure (44.4% in stage 2 and 11.1% in stage 3) Compound hyperopic astigmatism was the most typical refractive error in both births. Laser treatment accounts for 18.1% in both groups. This study showed a significant correlation with ROP development in multiple births.
Organization of the Russian Diplomatic Representation in the United Kingdom of Sweden and Norway at the turn of the 19th — 20th Centuries
Authors: Sadova Lyudmila 
Published: May 2024

The Scandinavian vector in the foreign policy of the Russian Empire was far from a priority, but at the turn of the 19th — 20th centuries, the calm and non-conflicting European North, which it remained for many years, became involved in the political and strategic interests of the great powers, primarily Russia, Germany and Great Britain, and therefore attracted the attention of Russian diplomacy. The aggravation of the Swedish-Norwegian political crisis in the 1890s — 1900s, which ended with the dissolution of the Swedish-Norwegian union and Norway&apos;s independence in 1905, caused a lot of concern to the Russian Foreign Ministry, forced it to pay attention to many issues of bilateral relations with Sweden and Norway, which had previously remained in the shadows, to closely monitor not only the development of the conflict between two Scandinavian states, but also the position of other interested great powers. The reports of the Russian envoys in the United Kingdom, who closely watched the course of events, were one of the main sources for the Foreign Ministry. The main objective of this article is to identify the peculiarities of the work of the Russian diplomatic corps in Sweden and Norway at the turn of the 19th — 20th centuries. An attempt was also made to determine the range of sources of information of Russian diplomats, the degree of influence of foreign policy tasks on the selection and presentation of information by envoys to the central office, as well as the presence of their personal attitude to the events on the Scandinavian Peninsula in diplomatic correspondence. It was concluded that the specifics of the activities of the Russian imperial mission in the United Kingdoms of Sweden and Norway was due to the peripheral position of small countries in the region in the foreign policy of the Russian Empire. The work of the mission was influenced by current foreign policy tasks, legal features of the Swedish-Norwegian union, personal preferences and the existing experience of the diplomatic representative of Russia.
The Egyptian Revolution of 1919 in the Perception of the British Political Elite and British Public Opinion
Authors: Kudelin Andrey 
Published: May 2024

The purpose of this papers is to analyze the perception of the British public opinion and the political elite of Great Britain of the revolutionary processes in Egypt during the period 1919—1922. The main thesis of this study is that the events in Egypt were on the periphery of British public discourse, but they caused a great concern among the British establishment. The perception of the Egyptians remained in the perspective of the ideas of the “white man’s burden” and the Egyptian nation was denied the right and possibility of self-determination and the creation of its own sovereign state. However, due to the impossibility of maintaining the pre-revolutionary status quo and the willingness of British society and elites to make some concessions to Egyptian leaders, Egypt gained independence while the British maintain the control over the Suez Canal and Sudan as well as the right to patronize Egyptian ethnic and confessional minorities and protect Egypt from external threats.
Un método lingüístico, interaccional y crítico en el análisis del discurso latinoamericano
Authors: Bolívar Adriana 
Published: May 2024

Objetivo. El objetivo es explicar el método del Análisis interaccional del discurso (AID) que ha sido construido y desarrollado en el contexto latinoamericano, con base en categorías surgidas de la investigación empírica sobre el discurso político y académico a lo largo de 40 años.
Relevancia. El principal aporte del método es que ofrece un marco teórico-metodológico multidisciplinar diferente en muchos aspectos a los análisis críticos europeos. Se ancla en cuatro categorías centrales: diálogo, texto, evaluación y cambio, que permiten examinar problemas discursivos e ideológicos. El AID sirve de orientación para la investigación en las humanidades y en las ciencias sociales.
Método. La investigación se lleva a cabo desde una perspectiva sincrónica (micro) y diacrónica (macro). La primera estudia la interacción entre los productores de los textos en diferentes tipos de diálogos y la segunda observa la interacción y las ideologías a lo largo del cambio social.
Metodología. Se usan estrategias de recolección de datos de la lingüística, el análisis de la conversación, el diálogo y las ciencias sociales.
Conclusiones. El AID es un método latinoamericano multidisciplinar reconocido que contribuye a develar patrones de interacción y cambios en el discurso político y académico.
The Relationship between Self-Regulated Learning (SRL) and Cognitive Function with The Performance of qEEG Examination in First Year Medical Students
Authors: Dewi Suzy Yusna , Digna Audrey Alvura , Makkiyah Feda Anisah , Pasiak Taufiq Fredrik , Masiran Ruziana` 
Published: May 2024

Introductions: Medical students are required to lifelong learning. Electroencephalog-raphy is a neuroscience tool that can be used to record brain wave activity related to a person's cognitive function. Objective: This study was conducted to see the relationship between self-regulated learning and cognitive function with quantitative electroencepha-logram (qEEG) parameters. Methods: This study used an observa-tional analytic approach to assess self-regulated learning and cog-nitive function using the MSLQ and MoCA-INA questionnaires. qEEG recording to see brain wave activity was done when the eyes were open and closed and seen in alpha and beta waves. The sam-ple of this study amounted to 32 respondents who were willing to carry out each research procedure. Results: The study findings reveal a significant correlation between SRL and qEEG parameters. In the open-eye condition, such a correla-tion exists in the frontal and central regions with regard to alpha waves (P = 0.046 and P = 0.047). In contrast, in the closed-eye condition, it exists in the occipital, central, and parietal regions with alpha waves (P = 0.005, P = 0.021, and P = 0.049) and the central region with beta waves (P = 0.030). There is a significant correla-tion between cognitive function and qEEG parameters observed in both open and closed-eye conditions within the frontal region beta waves (P = 0.024, P = 0.044, and P = 0.021). Conclusions: There is a relationship between SRL and cognitive function with alpha and beta wave activity on qEEG recording.
РОЛЬ ФУЛЬВОВИХ ТА ГУМІНОВИХ КИСЛОТ У ПРОЦЕСАХ БІОДЕГРАДАЦІЇ ЗАЛИШКІВ ГЕРБІЦИДІВ У ГРУНТІ
Authors: ТРОХИМЕНКО Ганна , КІБАРОВ Олег 
Published: May 2024

У роботі представлено результати впливу біостимулятору на основі фульвових кислот «Біофульво» на ріст і розвиток фіто - індикатору ( суданська трава) , а також , його ефективність у прискоренні розкладання гербіцидів як селективної (вибіркової) , так і суцільної дії, таких як : «Ураган Форте» , «Гезагард», «ДаблТрай» та «Оберіг». Основний метод , який використовується в даній роботі , є метод експерименту. Всі необхідні знання отримані у результаті практичного застосування препарату за різних умов.Актуальність роботи полягає у відсутності практичних знань у використанні таких препаратів. Препарати на основі фульво кислот не набули широкого використання у боротьбі з проблемою «післядії» гербіцидів.
Analisis Kesalahan Siswa dalam Menyelesaikan Soal Cerita Materi Bangun Ruag di Kelas V SD Negeri Bonosari Tahun Ajaran 2020/2021
Authors: Setiorini Rizki , Chamdani Muhamad , Wahyudi Wahyudi 
Published: May 2024

<p>Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu menganalisis jenis kesalahan siswa kelas V SD dalam menyelesaikan soal cerita materi bangun ruang. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus dengan objek siswa kelas V SD yang berjumlah 18 siswa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa jenis kesalahan dan presentase kesalahan siswa dalam menyelesaikan soal cerita materi bangun ruang antara lain: <em>reading error = 5%, comprehension error= 2.2%, transformation error = 16.7%, process skill error = 38.3%, encoding error = 15.6%. </em>Simpulan penelitian ini adalah kesalahan siswa dalam menyelesaikan soal cerita materi bangun ruang di kelas V SD Negeri Bonosari tahun ajaran 2020/2021 diklasifikasikan dalam 5 jenis kesalahan, yakni: <em>reading error, comprehension error, transformation error, process skill error, </em>dan <em>encoding error.</em></p><div id="pip-toast"> </div>