bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Resurfacing arthroplasty for hip dysplasia
Authors: Wang Q. , Zhang X. L. , Chen Y. S. , Shen H. , Shao J. J. 
Published: May 2012

In this prospective study a total of 80 consecutive Chinese patients with Crowe type I or II developmental dysplasia of the hip were randomly assigned for hip resurfacing arthroplasty (HRA) or total hip replacement (THR). Three patients assigned to HRA were converted to THR, and three HRA patients and two THR patients were lost to follow-up. This left a total of 34 patients (37 hips) who underwent HRA and 38 (39 hips) who underwent THR. The mean follow-up was 59.4 months (52 to 70) in the HRA group and 60.6 months (50 to 72) in the THR group. There was no failure of the prosthesis in either group. Flexion of the hip was significantly better after HRA, but there was no difference in the mean post-operative Harris hip scores between the groups. The mean size of the acetabular component in the HRA group was significantly larger than in the THR group (49.5 mm vs 46.1 mm, p = 0.001). There was no difference in the mean abduction angle of the acetabular component between the two groups. Although the patients in this series had risk factors for failure after HRA, such as low body weight, small femoral heads and dysplasia, the clinical results of resurfacing in those with Crowe type I or II hip dysplasia were satisfactory. Patients in the HRA group had a better range of movement, although neck-cup impingement was observed. However, more acetabular bone was sacrificed in HRA patients, and it is unclear whether this will have an adverse effect in the long term.
Successful Treatment of Polymicrobial Calcaneal Osteomyelitis with Telavancin, Rifampin, and Meropenem
Authors: Brinkman Mary Beth , Fan Kaili , Shiveley Renee L , Van Anglen Lucinda J 
Published: May 2012

OBJECTIVE: To report a case of multidrug-resistant osteomyelitis successfully treated with telavancin, rifampin, and meropenem. CASE SUMMARY: An 18-year-old male with spina bifida was treated primarily in the outpatient setting over the course of 133 days with multiple antimicrobials for a recurrent right calcaneal wound and osteomyelitis infection. Initial cultures were positive for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and coagulase-negative Staphylococcus, which were treated with intravenous vancomycin 1 g every 12 hours, increased after 13 days to 1.5 g every 12 hours with addition of rifampin 300 mg twice daily, both of which were discontinued on day 22 due to leukopenia (white blood cell count 3.0 × 103/μL) and neutropenia (absolute neutrophil count 0.2 × 103/μL). Daptomycin 8 mg/kg/day was then initiated with rifampin 300 mg twice daily; treatment was discontinued after 49 days due to an elevated creatine kinase level of 1831 U/L (baseline 86). Intravenous meropenem 1 g every 8 hours was again initiated on day 83 following additional identification of quinolone-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa from the soft tissue of the right foot. Intravenous vancomycin 1 g every 12 hours was also restarted at this time for persistent coagulase-negative Staphylococcus and oral rifampin 300 mg twice daily was again added. Adverse events again required the discontinuation of vancomycin on day 91. The eventual drug therapy regimen consisted of telavancin 750 mg/day for 42 days, meropenem for 50 days, and oral rifampin for 50 days. At the end of treatment, the patient's right heel wound had almost completely closed. He was without recurrence or treatment-related adverse events at follow-up 1 year later. DISCUSSION: Antimicrobial selection for osteomyelitis infections presents a challenge to the clinician due to patient intolerance, increasing antimicrobial resistance, and variable antimicrobial penetration at the site of infection. To our knowledge, this is the first case report of the successful use of a regimen including telavancin for the treatment of a recurrent, coagulase-negative Staphylococcus osteomyelitis infection. CONCLUSIONS: In this complex case involving a polymicrobial infection of the right calcaneal bone and surrounding soft tissue, eventual drug therapy including telavancin, meropenem, and rifampin resulted in a successful clinical response.
Planning a Pharmacy-Led Medical Mission Trip, Part 2: Servant Leadership and Team Dynamics
Authors: Brown Dana A , Brown Daniel L , Yocum Christine K 
Published: May 2012

This article, focusing on servant leadership and team dynamics, examines the concept of servant leadership as part of medical missions' efforts and provides suggestions for team building, both before and during the mission trip, and is the second in a 4-part series on pharmacist-led medical mission trips. The third article, “Development and Implementation of an Elective Medical Missions Advanced Pharmacy Practice Experience (APPE) Rotation,” focuses on developing an elective APPE for international and domestic medical missions, including provision of products. Part 4, “An Exploratory Study of Student Experiences,” is an evaluation of data collected from both APPE and non-APPE student participants on Gregory School of Pharmacy mission trips during the summer of 2011. Specifically, it examines the issue of professionalism and the personal impact that mission trips may have on pharmacy students. While pharmacy curricula can prepare students for the cognitive domains of pharmacy practice, mastery of the affective aspects can prove to be more challenging. At the Gregory School of Pharmacy, medical mission trips have been highly effective means of impacting student attitudes and beliefs. Specifically, these trips have led to transformational changes in student leadership capacity, turning an act of service into an act of influence. Additionally, building team unity is invaluable to the overall effectiveness of the trip. Pretrip preparation for teams includes activities such as routine team meetings, team-building activities, and implementation of committees, as a means of promoting positive team dynamics. While in the field, team dynamics can be fostered through activities such as daily debriefing sessions, team disclosure times, and provision of medical services.
Use of Oral Vitamin K for Prevention of Late Vitamin K Deficiency Bleeding in Neonates When Injectable Vitamin K is Not Available
Authors: Ipema Heather J 
Published: May 2012

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the literature describing use of oral vitamin K1 (phytonadione) to prevent late vitamin K deficiency bleeding (VKDB) in neonates when injectable vitamin K preparations are not available. DATA SOURCES: Articles were retrieved through MEDLINE (1946–February 2012) using the terms vitamin K, vitamin K deficiency bleeding, newborn, neonate, and prophylaxis. Reference citations from publications identified were reviewed. STUDY SELECTION AND DATA EXTRACTION: All articles published in English on the use of prophylactic oral vitamin K in neonates were evaluated. The largest epidemiologic studies discussing the efficacy of continuous oral vitamin K prophylaxis were reviewed. Individual, smaller clinical trials were not reviewed. DATA SYNTHESIS: For prevention of early, classic, and late VKDB, use of intramuscular vitamin K 1 mg is preferred over oral administration because of superior efficacy. Single oral doses protect against early VKDB, but multiple oral doses are needed for late VKDB prophylaxis, especially in exclusively breast-fed neonates. Continuous oral dosing regimens used in the literature vary; European epidemiologic data suggest the lowest rates of late VKDB with oral vitamin K 1 mg at birth followed by 25 μg daily for 13 weeks, or 2 mg at birth followed by 1 mg weekly for 3 months. Limited data describe the use of oral prophylactic vitamin K in high-risk patients (eg, premature neonates, biliary abnormalities). CONCLUSIONS: While there are data supporting effective oral vitamin K dosing regimens for prevention of late VKBD in exclusively breast-fed neonates, lack of an appropriate oral dosage form prevents routine use of this technique in the US. In times of drug shortage, injectable vitamin K preparations should be reserved for use in neonates. If injectable vitamin K is not available, clinicians should choose the most practical method of administering oral vitamin K based on the oral products available.
Rapid Ultraperformance Liquid Chromatography–Tandem Mass Spectrometry Assay for a Characteristic Glycogen-Derived Tetrasaccharide in Pompe Disease and Other Glycogen Storage Diseases
Authors: Sluiter Wim , van den Bosch Jeroen C , Goudriaan Daphne A , van Gelder Carin M , de Vries Juna M , Huijmans Jan G M , Reuser Arnold J J , van der Ploeg Ans T , Ruijter George J G 
Published: May 2012

AbstractBACKGROUNDUrinary excretion of the tetrasaccharide 6-α-D-glucopyranosyl-maltotriose (Glc4) is increased in various clinical conditions associated with increased turnover or storage of glycogen, making Glc4 a potential biomarker for glycogen storage diseases (GSD). We developed an ultraperformance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) assay to detect Glc4 in urine without interference of the Glc4 isomer maltotetraose (M4).METHODSUrine samples, diluted in 0.1% ammonium hydroxide containing the internal standard acarbose, were filtered, and the filtrate was analyzed by UPLC-MS/MS.RESULTSWe separated and quantified acarbose, M4, and Glc4 using the ion pairs m/z 644/161, 665/161, and 665/179, respectively. Response of Glc4 was linear up to 1500 μmol/L and the limit of quantification was 2.8 μmol/L. Intra- and interassay CVs were 18.0% and 18.4% (10 μmol/L Glc4), and 10.5% and 16.2% (200 μmol/L Glc4). Glc4 in control individuals (n = 116) decreased with increasing age from a mean value of 8.9 mmol/mol to 1.0 mmol/mol creatinine. M4 was present in 5% of urine samples. Mean Glc4 concentrations per age group in untreated patients with Pompe disease (GSD type II) (n = 66) were significantly higher, ranging from 39.4 to 10.3 mmol/mol creatinine (P &lt; 0.001–0.005). The diagnostic sensitivity of Glc4 for GSD-II was 98.5% and the diagnostic specificity 92%. Urine Glc4 was also increased in GSD-III (8 of 9), GSD-IV (2 of 3) and GSD-IX (6 of 10) patients.CONCLUSIONSThe UPLC-MS/MS assay of Glc4 in urine was discriminative between Glc4 and M4 and confirmed the diagnosis in &gt;98% of GSD-II cases.
Search Engines Matter: From Educating Users Towards Engaging with Online Health Information Practices
Authors: Mager Astrid 
Published: May 2012

AbstractWhile the Internet is often discussed as empowering or endangering patients due to broadening access to medical and health‐related information, little is known about the way patients actually get informed about medical conditions and how the technology shapes their practices. This article draws on 40 user observations and 40 qualitative interviews to explore how users employ the web to obtain knowledge about a chronic disease in the Austrian context. Following concepts from the field of Science and Technology Studies (STS) it explores how users' individual medical preferences and search engines' mechanisms of pre‐filtering information co‐shape online health information practices. The analysis demonstrates that search engines are not passive intermediaries, but rather actively shape how users browse through, select and evaluate health information in the context of their own bodies of knowledge. Accordingly, new skills are required on the part of users, but also on the part of medical professionals and policy makers. Both policy makers and doctors should engage with users' highly individual search practices and establish more dialogue‐oriented and technology‐focused health policy measures, rather than trying to educate users with standardized quality criteria for websites not responding to users' online routines and needs.
Eisenstein series, cohomology of arithmetic groups, and
automorphic L-functions at half integral arguments
Authors: Grbac Neven , Schwermer Joachim 
Published: May 2012

Abstract
The automorphic cohomology of a reductive ℚ-group G,
defined in terms of the automorphic spectrum of G, captures
essential analytic aspects of the arithmetic subgroups of G and
their cohomology. The subspace spanned by all possible residues
and principal values of derivatives of Eisenstein series, attached
to cuspidal automorphic forms π on the Levi factor of proper
parabolic ℚ-subgroups of G, forms the Eisenstein
cohomology which is a natural complement to the cuspidal
cohomology. We show that non-trivial Eisenstein cohomology
classes can only arise if the point of evaluation features a
`half-integral' property. Consequently, only the analytic
behavior of the automorphic L-functions at half-integral
arguments matters whether an Eisenstein series attached to a
globally generic π gives rise to a residual class or not.
Germany Should Develop Large Hot Water Reservoirs
Authors: Morinaga H. 
Published: May 2012

AbstractNow that the decision has been made to give up all production of electricity through nuclear reactors by 2022, Germany is in the position to develop all sorts of new energies. I would like to point out that Germany has a unique chance to develop large hot water reservoirs by using the pits left behind after brown coal production or cement production. They can be mainly used for keeping hot water produced year-round as waste heat of industry or especially hot water produced by hybrid solar panels. The water will be used mainly for heating central heated buildings in the winter. As the increase of the need of air conditioning in summer is expected, the same system could be used to cover the need of more electricity in summer. Possible designs of the large hot water reservoir, requirements for the site, and eventual extension to other countries are discussed.
Knowing ‘who she is’ based on ‘where she is’: The effect of co-speech gesture on pronoun comprehension
Authors: Smith Whitney Goodrich , Kam Carla L. Hudson 
Published: May 2012

AbstractWe examine whether pronoun interpretation is affected by naturalistic co-speech gesture. Participants in three conditions watched narrations containing ambiguous pronouns. In one condition the narrator produced gestures consistent with order-of-mention; in another, they conflicted with order-of-mention; and in the third, she did not gesture. Results showed that when the gestures conflicted with order-of-mention participants were much less likely to interpret the pronoun as referring to the first-mentioned character. In a second experiment we ruled out the possibility that participants were simply picking up on differences within the speech itself. These results extend previous work on gesture and language processing by showing that the information in gesture can influence the way people interpret words which by their nature are ambiguous, and that this influence is similar to that of well-known speech internal cues.
European Organised Business and European Integration in the Post-Second World War Period
Authors: Rollings Neil , Moguen-Toursel Marine 
Published: May 2012

Abstract
Political science writings and the economic or business history literature present very different accounts of the development of European organised business interests, including European industrial federations (Eurofederations), after the Second World War. The former highlight the growth of these groups in response to European political integration while the latter recount a story of decline as international cartels became less acceptable. Here we argue that these are partial and insufficient accounts: European trade associations offered a range of valuable services to its members which helped to make sense of and deal with the uncertainties of post-war Europe and the unknown quantity of European integration. In particular, we highlight knowledge transfer and pooling and their role as social networks.
Deutschland und die Kartelle – eine unendliche Geschichte
Authors: Jovović Thomas 
Published: May 2012

Abstract
This article deals with the literature on German cartels in the heavy industry and their perception in scientific literature of the 19th and early 20th century, as well as in historical studies. The first part of this article starts with a short periodic overview of their development, followed by an overview of how the definition of cartels has evolved, and ends with an overview of contemporary and historical literature and the criticism each of them evoked. The second part of the article presents the central interpretations of the cartel movement in Germany. Finally, the article analyses the impact of cartels on competition and economic development and attempts to highlight the problems modern research should be aware of when analysing the significance of German cartels in the historical context, as well as the academic voids of modern research.
Multicenter Retrospective Study of 132 Patients with Unresectable Small Bowel Adenocarcinoma Treated with Chemotherapy
Authors: Tsushima Takahiro , Taguri Masataka , Honma Yoshitaka , Takahashi Hideaki , Ueda Shinya , Nishina Tomohiro , Kawai Hiroki , Kato Shunsuke , Suenaga Mitsukuni , Tamura Fumio , Morita Satoshi , Boku Narikazu 
Published: May 2012

Abstract

Background.
No standard chemotherapy regimen has been established for unresectable or recurrent small bowel adenocarcinoma (SBA).

Methods.
Clinical courses of 132 patients with unresectable or recurrent SBA who received chemotherapy at 41 institutions in Japan were reviewed retrospectively. Patients were classified into five groups according to first-line chemotherapy regimens: fluoropyrimidine monotherapy (group A), fluoropyrimidine-cisplatin (group B), fluoropyrimidine-oxaliplatin (group C), fluoropyrimidine-irinotecan (group D), and other regimens (group E).

Results.
The number of patients in each group was as follows: groups A, 60 patients; group B, 17 patients; group C, 22 patients; group D, 11 patients; and group E, 22 patients. Median progression-free survival (PFS) times were as follows: group A, 5.4 months; group B, 3.8 months; group C, 8.2 months; group D, 5.6 months; and group E, 3.4 months. Median overall survival (OS) times were as follows: group A, 13.9 months; group B, 12.6 months; group C, 22.2 months; group D, 9.4 months; and group D, 8.1 months. Patients in group C achieved significantly longer PFS times and substantially (but not significantly) longer OS times than patients in group A. After adjusting for clinical background characteristics, fluoropyrimidine-oxaliplatin therapy was a significant positive prognostic factor for PFS and OS times.

Conclusion.
The results suggest that fluoropyrimidine-oxaliplatin combination therapy is the most promising first-line chemotherapy regimen for unresectable or recurrent SBA.
Effect of Age on Clinical Presentation and Outcome of Patients Hospitalized with Acute Coronary Syndrome: A 20-Year Registry in a Middle Eastern Country
Authors: Ahmed Emad , El-Menyar Ayman , Singh Rajvir , Al Binali1 Hajar A , Al Suwaidi Jassim 
Published: May 2012

Introduction:
Despite the fact that the elderly constitute an increasingly important group of patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS), they are often excluded from clinical trials and are underrepresented in clinical registries.

Aims:
To evaluate the impact of age in patients hospitalized with ACS.

Methods:
Data collected for all patients presenting with ACS (n=16,744) who were admitted in Qatar during the period (1991-2010) and were analyzed according to age into 3 groups (≤50 years [41.4%], 51-70 years [48.7%] and >70 years [9.8%]).

Results:
Older patients were more likely to be women and have hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and renal failure, while younger patients were more likely to be smokers. Non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction and heart failure were more prevalent in older patients. Older age was associated with undertreatment with evidence-based therapies and had higher mortality rate. Age was independent predictor for mortality. Over the study period, the relative reduction in mortality rates was higher in the younger compared with the older patients (61, 45.9 and 35.5%).

Conclusions:
Despite being a higher-risk group, older patients were undertreated with evidence based therapy and had worse short-term outcome. Guidelines adherence and improvement in hospital care for elderly patients with ACS may potentially reduce morbidity and mortality.
Very Early Anthropometric Changes After Antiretroviral Therapy Predict Subsequent Survival, in Karonga, Malawi
Authors: Maman David , Glynn Judith R , Crampin Amelia C , Kranzer Katharina , Saul Jacqueline , Jahn Andreas , Mwinuka Venance , Ngwira Msenga HC , Mvula Hazzie , Munthali Fipson , McGrath Nuala 
Published: May 2012

Background:
Antiretroviral (ART) scale-up in Malawi has been achieved on a large scale based mainly on clinical criteria. Simple markers of prognosis are useful, and we investigated the value of very early anthropometric changes in predicting mortality.

Methods:
Principal findings: Adult patients who initiated ART in Karonga District, northern Malawi, between September 2005 and August 2006 were included in a prospective cohort study, and followed for up to one year. We used Cox regression to examine the association between anthropometric changes at 2 and 6 weeks and deaths within the first year.
573 patients were included, of whom 59% were women; the median age at initiation was 37 and 64% were in WHO stage 4. Both body mass index (BMI) and mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) increased linearly with increased time on ART, and were closely correlated with each other. There were 118 deaths. After 2 weeks on ART, a BMI increase of <0.5 kg/m2 (HR 2.47, 95%CI 1.24-4.94, p=0.005) or a MUAC increase of <0.5cm (HR 2.79, 95%CI 1.19-6.55, p=0.008) were strong predictors of death, and these associations were stronger after adjusting for baseline charactertistics. Similar results were found after 6 weeks on ART.

Conclusions:
Very early anthropometric changes, after 2 and 6 weeks on ART, are strong predictors of survival, independent of baseline characteristics. This should help identify patients requiring more detailed assessment where facilities are limited. MUAC is particularly valuable, requiring the simplest equipment and being appropriate for patients who have problems standing.
XBRL Implementation: A Field Investigation to Identify Research Opportunities
Authors: Janvrin Diane J. , No Won Gyun 
Published: May 2012

ABSTRACT
The Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) recently mandated that publicly traded companies furnish their financial statements in XBRL format. However, researchers and practitioners question whether companies are adequately prepared to implement XBRL, and whether software tools and guidance exist to lead preparers through the process of creating XBRL-related documents.
This paper describes how early mandate adopters implemented XBRL reporting. Four themes emerged from our analysis: management support and involvement, implementation approach, organizational readiness or expertise, and control over the XBRL reporting process. Our study contributes to a more complete understanding of how companies implement XBRL by providing a basis for accounting researchers to identify current implementation issues and future research opportunities. Furthermore, we provide educators with a characterization of how companies implement XBRL, thereby facilitating their classroom coverage of this important topic.
Data Availability:  Data used in this study are available from the authors upon request.