bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
P02-41 - Mental Health Consequences of Industrial Crisis in East-west Region of Slovenia
Authors: Švab V. , Novak M. , Oravez J. 
Published: June 2010

IntroductionMental health consequences of social decline due to unemployment, poverty and social exclusion should be adressed with locally and culturally responsive mental health services.Objectivesto influence development of mental health services in accordance with population needs.Aimto assess mental health needs of the local population.MethodData on frequency of visits to psychiatric outpatient clinic, hospitalization and rehospitalization rates, benzodiazepine and antidepressant prescriptions as well as social status and social services´ use because od mental health disorders in the east north region of Slovenia are to be presented.ResultsThis is the region with one of the highest use of alcohol and BZD, with lowest income and high unemployment rate, rising in last years due to closing some large factories in the time of transition and economic crisis. The region also presents one of the highest sucide rates and high alcohol addiction problems.ConclusionsPublic mental health action regarding these problems is needed. Proposals for mental health needs assessment are to be suggested in this poster presentation.
P02-43 - Associations Between DSM-IV Diagnosis, Psychiatric Symptoms and Morning Cortisol Levels in a Community Sample of Adolescents
Authors: Young R. 
Published: June 2010

IntroductionThe hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical axis (HPA-axis) is involved in the regulation of the stress response. Dysfunction of this system is implicated in a variety of psychiatric and emotional disorders.Objectives/aimsTo explore the association between HPA-axis functioning, as measured by morning cortisol, and common psychiatric disorders and symptoms among a community sample of adolescents.MethodData from a cross-sectional school-based survey of 501 school pupils, aged 15, were used to establish the strength of association between morning salivary cortisol and both diagnosis of psychiatric disorders and number of psychiatric symptoms. Analysis, conducted separately by gender, used multiple regression, adjusting for relevant confounders.ResultsWith one exception (a positive association between conduct disorder symptoms and cortisol among females) there was no association between cortisol and psychiatric diagnosis or symptoms. However, there was a significant two-way interaction between gender and conduct symptoms, with females showing a positive and males a negative association between cortisol and conduct problems. A three-way interaction showed that while the association between cortisol and conduct symptoms was negative among males with few mood disorder symptoms, among females with many mood symptoms it was positive.ConclusionsExcept in relation to conduct symptoms, dysregulation of morning cortisol levels seems unrelated to any psychiatric disorder or symptoms. However, the relationship between cortisol and conduct symptoms is moderated by both gender and mood symptoms. Our findings suggest research should concentrate on the moderated associations between cortisol, gender, and psychiatric symptoms.
P02-45 - Factitious Disorder: a Relational Ethics Perspective in Consultation Liaison-psychiatry
Authors: Barbosa A. 
Published: June 2010

Factitious disorder confront the consultation liaison psychiatrist with (self)destructive behaviour and some lies from the patient trying to involve the physician in this behaviour. There is always a difficult balance between patient autonomy, open communication and the promotion of patient health, doctor integrity and maintenance of the constructive doctor/team-patient relationship.Consultation liaison psychiatrists are more and more requested to accomplish a role of “clinical ethicists” and they are really well prepared to that propose because they usually cope by means of the biopsychosocial model with clinical, legal, social, economic, religious and institutional problems.Common ethical principles (beneficence, autonomy, justice, vulnerability, dignity, responsibility) are referential tools on clinical decision making. However, in psychiatric ethics we feel the need to construct a more clinical model: relational ethics. Its main references come from a dialogical, hermeneutical and pragmatic ethics based on an intersubjectivity perspective of human development which can deal with the practical rationality in clinical psychiatry faced with complex but concrete situations. It recognizes interpersonal and intrapsychic conditions of authenticity, a process of mutual reciprocity in order to allow psychic growth.We describe the way this theoretical and deliberative proposition can be easily applied to a particular case of a young man with factitious disorder admitted to the dermatological department of a Universitary Hospital.
P02-46 - Audit on Ward Review Meeting
Authors: Zafar S. 
Published: June 2010

Introduction, literature & review•Ward rounds and clinical review meetings should reflect the recovery model for mental health and person centred planning. They play a pivotal role in hospital-based care. They should enhance the quality of patient care, improving communication and address service users’ concerns and problems.•They should involve users as fully as possible in the development and review of their treatment plan, allow proper planning and evaluation of treatment and facilitate multi-professional training and education.•This audit is designed to benchmark current practice against proposed standards outlined below.ObjectiveTo establish if the ward review practice in Prof. Benbow's team on Cedar Ward, Penn hospital is in line with the proposed standards and to consider whether the standards are appropriate.Methodology•The sample population includes patients or the cares involved in their care. Data was gathered by means of questionnaires and retrospectively from psychiatric case records between the period 01/001/2008 and 31/12/2008.•The questionnaires were both respondent and researcher completed. Open and close ended questions were used.Summary/recommendations•The findings showed satisfaction with the ward meeting process, but participants identified issues that could be improved upon.•Audit strength includes clearly defined standards and giving room for additional comments.•Limitations includes small sample size and poor response from patients and the carers.
P02-48 - The Clinic-social Characteristics of Involuntary Hospitalized Schizophrenic Patients in Bulgaria
Authors: Angelova-Barbolova N. , Berezantzev A. , Dechkova-Novakova T. 
Published: June 2010

IntroductionThe study of psychic disorders and violence occupies a central place in the general and forensic psychiatry. A lot of various studies focused on grave crimes against personality, done by mentally diseased people have been carried out. A part of the studies are dedicated to the aggressive behavior of the schizophrenics - the risk of exercing violence turned out to be 3-5 times higher than in the general population.AimsComparing of the clinicpsychopathological and socialpsychological characteristics between schizophrenic patients hospitalized voluntarily and those hospitalized non- voluntarily; setting up of:1.the factors forming the dangerous behavior with those patients;2.preventive ambulatory measures of the dangerous behavior.MethodsPatients have been examined in the Regional hospital of psychiatry - Russe: 180 non-voluntary hospitalized schizophrenic patients and 110 schizophrenic patients treated voluntarily in hospital. The diagnoses of the specialists of psychiatry match the requirements of ICD 10. The objective assessment of the social functioning is included in the individual card of the research (assessed in a year,s time too). Also been used: PANSS (with additional questions towards the profile of the aggressive risk); a short version of the questionnaire of the WHO for an assessment quality of life.Results, conclusionsThe following factors are important when forming the dangerous behaviour: breaking up of the therapy for 1-3 weeks before hospitalization; obvious psychotic symptoms, personal changes; alcochol abuse; social disadaptation lack of social support, family rows and conflicts, material insecurity. The leading role of the social factors has been determined.
P02-49 - Corrective Seclusion or Punitive Incarceration: an Overview of the State of the Nigerian Juvenile Justice System
Authors: Atilola O. 
Published: June 2010

ObjectivesTo make a critical review of the history, structure,facilities and practices as well as the laws governing the Nigerian juvenile justice system with a view to determine how well it can currently serve its intended purpose.MethodsInformation on the history, structure and current practices and existing laws were obtained from review of relevant literature and on-site visits to a juvenile remand home in South-West Nigeria.ResultsThe Nigerian juvenile system evolved during the British colonial era and was modeled after the British system. The few differences were mainly to accommodate local customs. However, over the years, the Nigerian juvenile justice system may have deviated beyond customary differences to include systematic ones. For instance record keeping is poor, and there are research evidence of widespread physical and emotional abuse of children while in custody. Also, a lot of young offenders are being processed in adult courts having being passed as adults by juvenile justice officers to avoid adhering to the legal requirements for their treatment. Furthermore, incarcerating forms of custodian care is the norm in Nigeria as non-incarcerating methods are not developed. The existing facilities are also in states of disrepair. Moreover The existing laws are obsolete and needs urgent review as some provisions runs contrary to children rights.Useful suggestions were offered.ConclusionThe Nigerian juvenile system needs an urgent overhaul to be able to serve its intended purpose. The Government, Child mental health professionals and non-profit organizations all have a role to play.
P02-50 - Victimological Aspects of Forensic Psychiatric Assessment of Mental Disorders in Victims of Crimes
Authors: Berezantsev A. , Kachaeva M. , Filatov T. 
Published: June 2010

The testimonies of victims of crimes are extremely important in criminal prosecution and court proceedings because often they are the only witnesses of the crime.AimsTo find out clinical factors which determine victimological behavior in adult persons with mental disorders who become victims of crime and to work out criteria of their competence to stand trial.MethodsPsychopathological, psychological, statistical.Results128 adult patients with different mental disorders were examined (organic brain disorders, mental retardation, schizophrenia, personality disorders). All were victims of crimes (rape, robbery, beating, fraud). According to Russian legislation persons who due to mental disorder can not understand the nature of the crime committed against them may not be put to trial. In such cases pretrial forensic psychiatric assessment must give a conclusion about capacity of a victim to give evidence. The study has revealed that the competence to stand trial is determined by severity of symptoms. The relation between psychopathologial symptoms and types of victimological behavior was revealed. Light symptoms determined psychological mechanism with provocative type of victim's behavior. In such cases victims could understand the nature of crime and give the evidence. Moderate and severe symptoms determined psychopathological mechanism and significant victimization of the patients with passive and aggressive types of behavior. Those victims could not understand the meaning of the crime and give evidence.ConclusionIf the court decides that victim not competent to stand trial it can reduce revictimization of the patients avoiding traumatic experience of giving evidence in the court.
P02-52 - Efficacy of Forensic Statement Analysis in Distinguishing Between Truthful and Deceptive Eyewitnesses Accounts about Highly Stressful Events
Authors: Morgan C. 
Published: June 2010

Forensic statement analysis (FSA) research has shown that statements provided by truthful persons may differ from those proffered by individuals who are lying. However, these data are from low stress laboratory study environments that do not compare to situations of stress experienced by people experiencing legal jeopardy or threatening events. As such, our current understanding about how well this may apply to real world situations is limited. This study tested whether speech content of genuine eyewitness accounts about exposure to a highly stressful, personally relevant event differed from deceptive accounts.Military personnel were randomized to Genuine or Deceptive Eyewitnesses groups. Genuine eyewitness reported truthfully about their exposure to interrogation stress associated with military survival school training; Deceptive eyewitnesses studied transcripts of genuine eyewitnesses for 24 hours prior to being interviewed. Cognitive Interviews of all were recorded, transcribed and assessed by FSA raters blind to the status of participants. The accounts of genuine eyewitnesses contained more external and contextual referents, more unique words, a greater total word count and lower type-token ratio (TTR) than did deceptive accounts.The classification accuracy when using FSA techniques on Cognitive Interview elicited eyewitness accounts was 82%; FSA methods may be effective in determining whether eye witness accounts about real world, high-stress events are genuine; these data have relevance to professionals working with asylum seekers, or professionals in law enforcement, security and in criminal justice.
P02-54 - Is Outpatient-based Substance Abuse Treatment a Predictor of Re-offending and Other Outcomes Among Swedish Offenders Subjected to Psychiatric Assessment?
Authors: Durbeej N. , Hellner Gumpert C. , Alm C. , Eriksson Å. , Hephzibah Berman A. , Kristiansson M. , Lindqvist P. , Palmstierna T. 
Published: June 2010

IntroductionSubstance abuse is associated with criminal recidivism. Substance abuse treatment has been found to correlate negatively with re-offending among treatment utilizers. However, for offenders with mental health problems and substance abuse, research on how substance abuse treatment affects re-offending is sparse.ObjectivesThe study aimed to examine the relationship between self-reported outpatient-based substance abuse treatment and self-reported a) re-offending, b) substance use and c) psychiatric problems among offenders with mental health and substance use problems.MethodsData were gathered from a naturalistic follow-up study with 208 participants, subjected to a court-ordered psychiatric assessment. This analysis covers 91 individuals who were followed-up after an average study period of 17 months. Among these, 68% had been sentenced to institutional imprisonment or forensic psychiatric care.ResultsOffences, substance use and psychiatric problems declined between baseline and follow-up. However, the reduction was not associated with self-reported treatment utilization. Among participants who were sentenced to non-institutional corrections, more individuals had utilized outpatient-based treatment compared to individuals who were sentenced to imprisonment or forensic psychiatric care.ConclusionsA definitive conclusion about the effect of treatment is difficult to draw. For instance, self-reported data may not reflect actual treatment consumption. However, one interpretation is that participants naturally recovered over time. Institutional correction might also have resulted in positive outcomes equivalent to outpatient-based treatment.
P02-57 - The Forensic-psychiatric Assessment of Surviving Perpetrators of Homicide-suicide
Authors: Frei A. , Graf M. 
Published: June 2010

BackgroundMurder-Suicide may be defined as extreme pattern of domestic violence. Research is hampered by the fact that with the death of the perpetrator the files are usually closed and an analysis of the cases is hardly possible. Knowledge about the circumstances of murder-suicide, however, is of special interest for the forensic-psychiatric expert when the perpetrator survives and the need for forensic assessment arises. Since forensic-psychiatric assessment is always based on comparison with similar cases we compared the files of surviving perpetrators of murder-suicide with those of lethal domestic violence.MethodsAll forensic-psychiatric expertises about surviving perpetrators of homicide-suicide which occurred in the region of Basle, Switzerland, between 1987 and 2006 (n = 6) were compared with those of perpetrators of homicide in a domestic environment (n = 20) in the same period.ResultsThere were comparatively more women but less foreigners among the perpetrators of homicide -suicide, their socioeconomic level was much higher and there were more children among the victims. The most frequent psychiatric diagnosis in both groups was personality disorder, but the range in the domestic murder group, however, went from no diagnosis at all to psychosis, i. e. assumed full criminal responsibility to assumed not guilty by reason of insanity. There was no case of not guilty by reason of insanity among the homicide-suicide group.ConclusionsThe disparities of these two patterns of domestic violence are much greater than we expected, which underpins the need for specific forensic assessment as well as preventive actions.
P02-59 - Motivational Aggression and Personality Disorders
Authors: Gorinov V. 
Published: June 2010

Forensic Psychiatry comes across the need to assess subjects with paranoid or schizoid types of personality disorders, whose criminal aggression can be characterized as motivational or conscious.Motivational aggression is rooted in the person's scale. In isolated cases, the criminal act is committed along the lines of a delirious manifestation. This refers to patients with paranoiac dysfunction, whose actual state of mind can be qualified as the “paranoia of struggle”. They have poor social skills, are unsure of themselves, vulnerable, quick to take offence. Their inner conflicts are always exaggerated, the world around them is filled with animosity, interpersonal communication is a problem. Aggression for them is a mode of self-realization, a way of releasing anger and tension; it is their revenge to society for their own imperfections, vulnerability, uselessness and rejection.Individuals committing crimes on these motives, tend to create their own theories based on their inner, subjective criteria. They perceive information through their preconceived notions and postulates. For such individuals, committing illegal actions is a mode of self-realization.In reference to such subjects of examination, an expert conclusion can point out their lowered ability or inability to embrace, in a judicially meaningful situation, the real character and societal danger of their criminal actions, and to control these actions. In other words, in such cases, application of Article 22 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation (the so-called partial sanity) or Article 21 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation (insanity) can be recommended.
P02-60 - Evaluation of Structured Professional Judgment for Risk Assessment in its Proper Clinical Use
Authors: Graf M. , Dittmann V. 
Published: June 2010

Structured professional judgement is the gold standard for forensic risk assessment proven by several studies. None of these studies however investigated the real strength of such a method, which lies in its function to guide clinical judgment by integrating the several evidence based risk factors in a professional process beyond arithmetical addition.In our semi-prospective study (retrospective data-collection from 379 risk assessments from a forensic-psychiatric sample between 1989 and 2000 and a prospective follow-up with complete criminal records until 2007) we found the method of structured professional judgement by means of a catalogue of criteria being prospectively valid: With a median time at risk of 8.4 years the risk management (the process of risk assessment, court decision and sentencing respectively court ordered treatment) reduced both general as violent recidivism significantly.37% of the subjects recidivated median 2.1 years after risk assessment. Recidivism rates (adjusted for time at risk ≥ 24 months) for homicide were 2.1%, 15.7% for all violent offenses, 7.1% for sexual offenses and 2.1% for child abuse.None of the 56 subjects given a negative prediction (“no recidivism”) recidivated with serious offenses.We will also present data about construct validity, CHAID-analysis for recidivism and comparison with PCL and HCR-20 scores.
P02-64 - The Influence of Kryptopyrrole (2, 4-dimethyl, 3-ethylpyrrole) on Taking Aggressive Actions
Authors: Heitzman J. , Silczuk A. 
Published: June 2010

IntroductionThe purpose of this experiment is to confirm the influence and determine the intensity and mechanisms of Kryptopyrrole (2, 4-dimethyl, 3-ethylpyrrole) effect on taking aggressive actions. Basing on existing literature, we have designed this experiment which consists of 3 different phases. All of these phases are crossing over and they are complement one another, that the outcome we are expecting to receive, will give us more clear and deep insight on this influence.Methods usedObjects will be selected from material of Department of Forensic Psychiatry of Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology in Warsaw (IP&N). All of selected objects will be convicts for crimes of aggressive acts, which previously were forensic psychiatric examined as suspects. 50 objects, 50 controls will be included.Phase - 1st.The forensic psychiatric examination. All of selected objects and controls will undergo MRI and the examination of their general health and mental status.Phase - 2nd.From all subjects and controls a sample of the urine will be collected. Level of urinal Kryptopyrrole and its concentration will be detected.Phase - 3rd.Post mortem neuropathomorphological assessment of 30 young criminals with known medical history, convicted for aggressive acts, who committed suicide in prison.Expected resultsWe are expecting statistical importance of comparison of outcome of neuroimaging vs. post mortem studies, which will correlate to mental status and Kryptopyrrole level in urine vs. controls. Effect of its toxicity may be proved by comparison of neuroimaging vs. post mortem studies of brain morphology.
P02-70 - Child Sexual Abuse: the Truth Behind the Report
Authors: Malta R. , Moura M. 
Published: June 2010

ObjectivesTo review how children's memory, communicative skills, social knowledge, and social tendencies can influence the quality of forensic interviews with children, in the special setting of child sexual abuse.MethodsA review of the studies designed to evaluate children's capacities as witnesses.ResultsThe research demonstrates both1)how much researchers and interviewers have collectively learned about children's communicative and memory retrieval capacities and2)that this information can be used by interviewers to maximize the value of their investigative interviews with alleged victims of abuse.Controlled studies have repeatedly shown that the quality of interviewing, reliably and dramatically improves, when interviewers employ a structured interview protocol.ConclusionsProfessional (and popular) interest in child sexual abuse was prompted in part by dramatic increases in the numbers of reported cases, and by awareness that many cases of abuse might go unrecognized because the victims were the only possible sources of information and were seldom given the appropriate opportunities to describe their experiences to those who might have been able to help them.The use of a structured protocol improves the quality of information obtained by investigators from alleged victims, thereby increasing the likelihood that interventions will be appropriate.