bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Periorbital Oedema Associated with Hypothyroidism – A Case Report
Authors: Noaman Bushra R. , Bazrgan Abdullah M. 
Published: April 2024

Introduction:
Pituitary microadenomas are said to be common, with an incidence of 27%. Hypothyroidism causing periorbital oedema (PO) remains rare in the literature, but it is still within the etiological factors.

Patient Concerns:
This study presents a 53-year-old patient who presented with PO and visited the dental clinic to exclude dental infection.

Diagnosis:
Based on the evaluation of proper haematological and radiological investigations, pituitary microadenoma was identified with an abrupt increase in the thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) level.

Follow-up:
The patient was followed with further studies to identify the primary cause of PO. It was concluded that the disruption in the drug regimen caused an increase in the TSH and led to PO rather than microadenoma.
Investigation and analysis of the status of myopia and related behavior in children and adolescents in Northeast Sichuan
Authors: Wang Ying , Li Lan , Guo Gui-Lan , Chen Ming-Wu , Cha Lei-Lei , Liao Ji-Yun , Li Zhi-Yong , Zou Yun-Chun 
Published: April 2024

Purpose:In this study, we examined the current status of myopia among primary and secondary school children in northeastern Sichuan to analyze the factors connected to myopia and provide data support and a theoretical foundation for the prevention and control of myopia.Methods:Using a cross-sectional study and a comprehensive sampling survey, 34,138 students aged 5–19 years were screened for refraction in 22 primary and secondary schools in Langzhong, and 4000 behavioral questionnaires were delivered at random. After evaluation and rational problem-solving, a total of 3764 valid questionnaires were obtained. SPSS 23.0 statistical software was used for data analysis.Results:The percentage of myopia among primary and secondary school students in Langzhong was 65.61%, with female students having a higher rate than male students (P< 0.05); 52.81% of primary school students, 86.26% of secondary school students, and 88.17% of high school students had myopia. The incidence of myopia detection increased with school age (P< 0.001), indicating a correlation between age and myopia prevalence. The prevalence of myopia was mainly low (40.53%) and moderate myopia (19.89%). The prevalence of high myopia (5.19%) was relatively high. The prevalence of myopia among female students (5.54%) was greater than that in male students (P< 0.05) and increased with age (P< 0.001). The proportion of students who wore eyeglasses was 24.36%, with a larger proportion of female students (25.93%) than male students (22.61%) (P< 0.001). In addition, the rate of eyeglass use increased with school age (P< 0.001). A logistic regression analysis revealed that higher grade point averages, female gender, and long-term usage of electronic items were risk factors for myopia. The results of the questionnaire survey revealed that students in this region were under immense pressure to perform well academically, spent a lot of time engaged in near-work activities, and had a low rate of myopia awareness; 24.43% of the students had not had a vision examination in the previous year, indicating that parents did not pay sufficient attention to eye health.Conclusion:The incidence of myopia among children and teenagers is high in Northeast Sichuan, and the outlook for addressing the problem is bleak. Therefore, it is critical to improve vision monitoring and eye health education.
Risk factor-based models to predict severe retinopathy of prematurity in preterm Thai infants
Authors: Najmuangchan Natthapicha , Ngerncham Sopapan , Piampradad Saranporn , Nunthanid Poonyawee , Tatritorn Dussadee , Amnartpanich Thipsukon , Limkongngam Nutchanok , Praikanarat Thanyaporn , Arjkongharn Niracha , Udompunthurak Suthipol , Atchaneeyasakul La-ongsri , Trinavarat Adisak 
Published: April 2024

Purpose:
To develop prediction models for severe retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) based on risk factors in preterm Thai infants to reduce unnecessary eye examinations in low-risk infants.

Methods:
This retrospective cohort study included preterm infants screened for ROP in a tertiary hospital in Bangkok, Thailand, between September 2009 and December 2020. A predictive score model and a risk factor-based algorithm were developed based on the risk factors identified by a multivariate logistic regression analysis. Validity scores, and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs), were reported.

Results:
The mean gestational age and birth weight (standard deviation) of 845 enrolled infants were 30.3 (2.6) weeks and 1264.9 (398.1) g, respectively. The prevalence of ROP was 26.2%. Independent risk factors across models included gestational age, birth weight, no antenatal steroid use, postnatal steroid use, duration of oxygen supplementation, and weight gain during the first 4 weeks of life. The predictive score had a sensitivity (95% CI) of 92.2% (83.0, 96.6), negative predictive value (NPV) of 99.2% (98.1, 99.6), and negative likelihood ratio (NLR) of 0.1. The risk factor-based algorithm revealed a sensitivity of 100% (94, 100), NPV of 100% (99, 100), and NLR of 0. Similar validity was observed when “any oxygen supplementation” replaced “duration of oxygen supplementation.” Predictive score, unmodified, and modified algorithms reduced eye examinations by 71%, 43%, and 16%, respectively.

Conclusions:
Our risk factor-based algorithm offered an efficient approach to reducing unnecessary eye examinations while maintaining the safety of infants at risk of severe ROP. Prospective validation of the model is required.
Comparison of ranibizumab, aflibercept, and dexamethasone implant monotherapy in treatment-naive eyes with diabetic macular edema: A 12-month real-life experience
Authors: Parca Osman , Cetin Ebru N 
Published: April 2024

Purpose:
To compare the functional and anatomical outcomes of ranibizumab, aflibercept, and dexamethasone implant monotherapy in treatment-naive eyes with diabetic macular edema (DME) in real-life conditions.

Methods:
In this retrospective cohort study, data were obtained from the hospital database of treatment-naive patients diagnosed with DME with at least 12 months of follow-up. Best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and central retinal thickness (CRT) at baseline, third month, sixth month, ninth month, and 12th month were recorded. In addition, a subgroup analysis was performed based on having good (below 0.4 log of minimum angle of resolution [logMAR]) or poor (0.4 logMAR and above) vision.

Results:
A total of 219 eyes of 142 patients were included in the study. The change in the mean BCVA from baseline to 12th month was from 0.62 logMAR to 0.42 logMAR (P < 0.001) in the ranibizumab group, from 0.56 logMAR to 0.39 logMAR (P < 0.001) in the aflibercept group, and from 0.46 logMAR to 0.5 logMAR (P = 0.653) in the dexamethasone group. There was no significant difference between the treatment groups at any time point (P > 0.05). The mean amount of CRT change was statistically significant at 12 months in all groups (ranibizumab: -175.4 µm, aflibercept: -153.3 µm, dexamethasone: -71.4 µm) (P < 0.05). In eyes with initially good vision, the final BCVA at 12 months was significantly better in the ranibizumab group compared to the dexamethasone group (P = 0.008). The aflibercept group had better visual acuity than the dexamethasone group, but there was no statistically significant difference (P = 0.059). There was no significant difference in final BCVA in eyes with initially poor vision. No serious ocular/systemic complications were noted.

Conclusion:
At the 12th month, a significant decrease in CRT was achieved in all treatment groups, whereas only ranibizumab and aflibercept groups had a significant BCVA increase. In eyes with initially good vision, the final BCVA at 12 months was better in the ranibizumab group compared to the dexamethasone group, whereas it was similar in all groups having initially poor vision.
Serum GAS6, sAXL, IL-10, NO, and BCL-2 levels are decreased in patients with Behçet’s disease
Authors: Baskol Gulden , Yetkin Merve Ö. , Sevim Duygu G , Guclu Kenan , Arda Hatice , Saracoglu Hatice , Gahramanov Kamran , Evereklioglu Cem 
Published: April 2024

Purpose:
Behçet’s disease (BD) is an autoimmune chronic systemic inflammatory disease characterized by a versatile clinical spectrum. Growth arrest specific protein 6 (GAS6)/soluble AXL (sAXL) signaling pathway draws attention in the resolution of inflammation, and its deficiency is associated with chronic inflammatory, autoimmune diseases, as well as clearance of apoptotic cells by phagocytes – efferocytosis. In this study, it was aimed to investigate whether GAS6/sAXL, interleukin (IL)-10, nitric oxide (NO), and BCL-2 levels were associated with inflammation and efferocytosis contributes to the pathogenesis of BD.

Methods:
A total of 37 Behçet patients with ocular involvement and 30 healthy control subjects were included in this study. GAS6, sAXL, IL-10, NO, and BCL-2 levels were quantified using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method.

Results:
Serum GAS6, sAXL, IL-10, NO, and BCL-2 levels were significantly lower in patients with BD compared to the controls (P < 0.005, P < 0.001, P < 0.001, P < 0.001, and P < 0.001, respectively). In correlation analysis, research parameters decreased in patients with BD was significantly correlated with each other: GAS6–IL-10 (r = 0.585, P < 0.001), GAS6–BCL-2 (r = 0.541, P < 0.001), sAXL–BCL-2 (r = 0.696, P < 0.001), IL-10–NO (r = 0.717, P < 0.001), IL-10–BCL-2 (r = 0.759, P < 0.001), and NO–BCL-2 (r = 0.541, P < 0.001).

Conclusion:
In conclusion, decreased serum BCL-2 level may be an indicator of increased apoptosis in these patients and decreased levels of GAS6/sAXL, IL-10, and NO may indicate insufficient clearance of apoptotic bodies released as a result of increased apoptosis in BD patients.
Evaluation of dynamic corneal response parameters and the biomechanical E-staging after Intacs® SK implantation in keratoconus
Authors: Flockerzi Elias , Berger Tim , Seitz Berthold , Hamon Loic , Daas Loay 
Published: April 2024

Purpose:
This retrospective longitudinal study evaluated the biomechanical E-staging in KC corneas before and after intracorneal ring segment (ICRS) implantation (Intacs® SK, Addition Technology, Illinois, United States).

Methods:
Biomechanical E-staging for ectatic corneal diseases was applied retrospectively on 49 KC corneas of 41 patients who underwent ICRS implantation. The main outcome parameters included the Corvis Biomechanical Factor (CBiF, the linearized Corvis Biomechanical Index and the biomechanical parameters included), the resulting biomechanical E-staging, the stress-strain index, thinnest corneal thickness (TCT), maximal anterior keratometry (Kmax), and the anterior radius of curvature (ARC). They were evaluated at 1.9 ± 1.1 months preoperatively and postoperatively after 2.8 ± 0.7, 5.8 ± 1.0, and 10.6 ± 2.3 months.

Results:
The CBiF decreased (4.9 ± 0.5 | 4.7 ± 0.5, P = 0.0013), and the E-staging increased significantly (2.8 ± 0.8 | 3.1 ± 0.9, P = 0.0012, paired t-test) from preoperatively to the first postoperative follow-up. The difference remained significant after 6 months; however, there was no more difference after 11 months. TCT was stable, whereas Kmax and ARC significantly decreased after ICRS implantation (TCT: 464 ± 49, 470 ± 51, 467 ± 38, 461 ± 48; Kmax: 56.3 ± 4.5, 54.7 ± 4.5, 54.2 ± 4.8, 54.1 ± 4.3; ARC: 51.5 ± 3.4, 48.3 ± 3.8, 48.6 ± 3.0, 48.6 ± 3.2 preoperatively and 3, 6, and 11 months postoperatively, respectively). Besides Kmax and ARC, Ambrósio’s relational thickness to the horizontal profile (ARTh) was the only parameter that was significantly lower than preoperatively at any follow-up (P ≤ 0.0024, Wilcoxon matched-pairs test).

Conclusion:
Intacs® SK implantation results in an increasing biomechanical E-staging in the first postoperative months with stabilization near preoperative values after 1 year. Significantly lower ARTh values at any follow-up document the ICRS effect and contribute to a slightly higher postoperative biomechanical E-staging value.
Kreativitas Dan Inovasi Guru Dalam Pembelajaran Berbasis Digital Dengan Media Kelas Virtual Tv Sekolah Pada Anak Usia Dini Di Paud Cinta Kasih Ibu
Authors: Rahayu Tutin , Watini Sri , Hotijah  , Mardiyanti Entri , Hakim Annisa 
Published: April 2024

Kreativitas dan inovasi guru dalam konteks pendidikan berbasis digital telah menjadi topik penting dalam upaya meningkatkan perkembangan pendidikan di era teknologi informasi. Penelitian ini mengkaji peran kreativitas dan inovasi guru dalam meningkatkan perkembangan berbasis digital melalui penerapan bimbingan kelas virtual TV Sekolah yang dilaksanakan di beberapa lembaga pendidikan anak usia dini diantaranya; PAUD Cinta Kasih Ibu Cengkareng Timur Jakarta Barat, RA Baitul Maal, Jln Pesantren No.62B Jurang Mangu Timur Tangerang Selatan, RA Darul Hikmah Taman Permata Indah II Blok D - RT 11 RW 14 Pejagalan Penjaringan Jakarta Utara, dan TK Islam Terpadu Padang Kemangi Natuna. Penelitian menggunakan metode kualitatif melalui observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi sebagai teknik yang digunakan dalam pengumpulan data dari sejumlah guru yang telah aktif menggunakan kelas virtual sebagai alat pendidikan. Hasil Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa upaya guru dalam meningkatkan kualitas pendidikan melalui kreativitas dan inovasi dalam bimbingan kelas virtual dapat memberikan dampak positif yang signifikan terhadap perkembangan pendidikan berbasis digital dan efektif bagi siswa.
Nilai Filosofis Dalam Upacara Bebantan Laman Pada Adat Dayak Tomun Lamandau
Authors: Budi Saputra  
Published: April 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana milai filosofis dalam upacara Bebantan Laman pada adat Dayak Tomun dengan menggunakan metode berjenis penelitian lapangan yang menggunakan metode kualitatif yang sifat penelitiannya dektriptif. Dalam kajian ini adalah untuk melestarikan kekayaan budaya bangsa Indonesia, yang eksitensinya mulai ada perubahan seiring perkembangan arus globalisasi saat ini. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa secara bahasa Dayak Tomun, Bebantan adalah sesajian sedangakan Laman adalah Kampung. Dalam pelaksanaan upacaranya memiliki lima tahap yakni mantang penggoro, nangaian nyasi, pinyang/prnyang dan mengantar anca. Adapun tata caranya yakni, dilaksanakan pada tanggal 7 bulan 7, berpuasanya Biya, pencucian benda-benda pusaka, aturan duduk tamu dan penyebutan istilah asal-usul, silsilah keluarga, nama-nama Laman dan unsur-unsur budaya.
Editing of Kalam-e- Fareed: A Research and Critical Study
Authors: Sindher Riaz Hussain Khan , Rafiq Anam , Ahmed Muhammad Bilal , Zahoor Shaista 
Published: April 2024

Classical poets of every major language are edited after years of hard work and research. Editing, translation, glossary and commentary of the words of these great poets is not only a personal research but also an institutional research and Ph.D. level research. Ratter, institutions are created to make their words and messages known to people of all ages. This is the position of Khawaja Fareed in Siraiki literature. Khawaja Fareed is one of those lucky people whose poetry started to be published in his life and his poetry was popular among the people.
Four incomplete selections were published in Khawaja Fareed’s life. A year after the death of Khawaja Fareed, in 1902, the complete kalam of Fareed was published with the permission of his son and sajjadhan Nasheen Khawaja Muhammad Bakhsh Nazak karim under the title “Israr-e-Fareedi Maruf Beh Dewan-e-Fareedi. Untill them, only Kalam Fareed continued to be published.
With the desire of the Nawab of Bahawlpur and abundant state resources, Maulana Aziz ul Rehman published Dewan-e-fareed in 1944. This is the first Dewan Fareed published with translation, dictionary and commentary. Four edition were published. Not a single error has been corrected in these four edition. In 1998 Javed Chandio published Dewan Fareed. In wich he removed the spelling mistakes of Maulana Aziz ul Rehman’s Dewan-o-Fareed text and pointed out the differences in the text after a comparative study with “Asrar-e-Fareedi maruf Beh Dewan-e-Fareedi and gave suggestions to correct the differences in the text.
Khawaja Tahir Mehmood Koreja published “Dewan-e-Fareed Ba mutabic qalmi Nuskha Hay-e-Qadeem. In 2002 with the help of various manuscripts. In which four hundred controversial points of Dewan-e-Fareed were corrected. In the same way, in 2014, Mujahid Jatoi published Dewan-e-Fareed (Bil tehqeeq) with the help of thirty manuscripts.
In the 120-year journey of editing Kalam-e-Fareed, we now have a much better Kalam-e-Fareed and it can be hoped that in the next few years, there will be a version of Kalam-e-Fareed whose text is also standard and the honorable acceptance is general and special. It will surely exist.
Impact of Phonemic Transcription on Learners’ English Spelling: A Segmental Study
Authors: Sarwat Rabia , Mahmood Arshad , Uzair Muhammad 
Published: April 2024

Acquiring sufficient proficiency in English pronunciation is a strenuous task for EFL (English as a Foreign Language) learners. Among other reasons, one primary reason is the lack of correspondence between the sounds and letters of the English language which makes English pronunciation a hard task for foreign learners. To reduce this discrepancy of sounds and spellings in order to improve the pronunciation of language learners, phonemic transcription is used quite widely by EFL/ESL teachers across the world. The phonetic/phonemic transcription is based on the internationally recognized symbols commonly referred to as IPA (International Phonetic Alphabet) offered by IPA (International Phonetic Association). Despite the immense usefulness of phonemic transcription, it has the potential to negatively affect learners’ normal English spellings. The present research aimed to explore the impact of continuous phonemic transcription on English spellings of EFL learners through a Pre experimental research design. The study participants were the students of Diploma level in the Functional Courses Department, National University of Modern Languages (henceforth NUML). A range of phonemic passages was used as a research tool to explore the impact of sounds on spellings and Cook’s classification of spelling errors was adapted as a model for the categorization of spelling errors. Findings of the study reveal various categories of sound substitution errors under the impact of consonants, vowels, and diphthongs. With continuous practice of converting phonemic transcription into normal English spelling/orthography, certain consonantal sounds like /ð/, /?/, /,/s/, /k/, /z/, /w/ and vowel sounds like /i:/, /i/, /æ/, /?/, /?/, /?/, /?/ show the Mother Tongue(MT) impact of sounds on spellings. While in the case of diphthongs, only two sounds /a?/, and /e?/ exhibit the impact of sounds on spellings.
Predicting Heart Disease Algorithm Using DNN and MNN in Deep Learning
Authors: Mrs. R. Auxilia anitha mary  , Dr.T.Ramaprabha  
Published: April 2024

Heart diseases remain a significant global health concern, necessitating advanced predictive models for early detection and intervention. Based on an extensive collection of patient data, this study suggests a method for predicting cardiac disease using deep learning algorithms. The architecture employs a multi-layered neural network and deep neural network to capture intricate patterns within the data, optimizing predictive accuracy. The data set downloaded from Kaggle with 14 attributes is used in this study. The deep learning model multilayer neural network and deep neural network are chosen for this study. These models undergo rigorous evaluation using standard performance metrics, demonstrating their efficacy in discriminating between individuals with and without heart disease. Results indicate that the deep learning algorithm exhibits promising predictive capabilities, outperforming traditional methods. Integrating interpretable elements contributes to the model's clinical utility, facilitating better-informed decision-making for healthcare professionals.
Experimental Investigation on Partially Replacing the Fine Aggregate by using Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag in Cement Concrete
Authors: P.Venkateswara Rao  , Santhosh rajan. S.M  , Hemalatha V  , Rakesh S  
Published: April 2024

Demand for natural sand in concrete mixing is increasing day by day. So, to reduce the utilization of natural resources usage of the industrial soil waste or secondary materials for the production of cement and concrete is encouraged in the field of construction. One of the secondary materials and by product of steel manufacturing industries is the Grounded Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (GGBS). In this work it is investigated that the possibility of utilizing GGBS in cement concrete as a partial substitute for sand, for reducing the environmental problems related to the fine aggregate mining and waste disposal of slag. In this work, the percentage of GGBS replacement is 0,5,10 and 15% to natural sand for the standard w/c ratio of 0.4 is considered. In this work, the influence of above said percentages of GGBS in concrete on compressive strength, split tensile strength and flexural strength at 28 days curing period were studied. The compressive, flexural and split tensile strengths are compared with the conventional concrete. The results show that the compressive strength of 15% GGBS is 18.36% higher than the conventional concrete, whereas the split tensile and flexural strengths are slightly lesser than the conventional concrete.
Pengaruh Foreign Direct Investmet, Produk Domestik Bruto dan Indeks Pembangunan Manusia terhadap Tingkat Pengangguran dengan Inflasi Sebagai Variabel Moderating
Authors: Zuha Musnida Aimma , Nur Asiyah Binti 
Published: April 2024

This research is motivated by the problem of unemployment which is the scourge of developing countries as for developing countries included in the D-8 members of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation (OIC), namely Bangladesh, Egypt, Indonesia, Iran, Malaysia, Nigeria, Pakistan and Turkey. The objectives of this study are to examine the effect of Foreign Direct Investmen, Gross Domestic Product, and Human Development Index on the unemployment rate in 8 OIC member countries and with inflation as a moderating variable. This study used a quantitative approach of assosiative type. The data in this study is sourced from secondary data in the form of annual report and official websites of 8 OIC Memvers States for 2012-2021. Technical data analysis using Eviews 10 with panel data regression test. The result of this study show that: (1) Foreigen Direct Investment has a negative and insignificant effect on the unemployment rate, (2) Gross Domestic Product has a negative and significant effect on the unemployment rate, (3) Human Development Index has a positive and significant effect on the unemployment rate, (4) Foreign Direct Investment strengthened by inflation affects the unemployment rate, (5) Gross Domestic Product strengthened by inflation affects the rate unemployment, (6) The Human Development Index is not reinforced by inflation affecting the unemployment rate.