bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Whole rock major element influences on monazite growth: examples from igneous and metamorphic rocks in the Menderes Massif, western Turkey
Authors: Catlos Elizabeth , Baker Courteney , Çemen Ibrahim , Ozerdem Cenk 
Published: December 2009

Whole rock major element influences on monazite growth: examples from igneous and metamorphic rocks in the Menderes Massif, western TurkeyMonazite (LREEPO4) is a radiogenic, rare-earth bearing mineral commonly used for geochronology. Here we examine the control of major element chemistry in influencing the crystallization of monazite in granites (Salihli and Turgutlu bodies) and garnet-bearing metamorphic assemblages (Bozdag and Bayindir nappes) from the Menderes Massif, western Turkey. In S-type granites from the massif, the presence of monazite correlates to the CaO and Al2O3content of the whole rock. Granites with monazite only are low Ca (0.6-1.8 wt% CaO). As CaO increases (from 2.1-4.6 wt%), allanite [(Ce, Ca, Y)2(Al, Fe3+)3(SiO4)3(OH)] is present. Higher Al2O3(>15 wt%) rocks contain allanite and/or monazite, whereas those with lower Al2O3contain monazite only. However, examining data reported elsewhere for A-type granites, the correlation between major element chemistry and presence of monazite is likely restricted to S-type lithologies. Pelitic schists of the Menderes Massif show no correlation between major element chemistry and presence of monazite. One Bayindir nappe sample contains both prograde garnets and those affected significantly by diffusion. These rocks have likely experienced a complicated multi-stage tectonic history, which influenced their current mineral assemblages. The presence of monazite in a metamorphic rock can be influenced by the number, duration, and nature of events that were experienced and the degree to which fluids were involved. The source of monazite in the Bayindir and Bozdag samples was likely reactions that involved allanite. These reactions may not have significantly changed the bulk composition of the rock.
Primena »Six Sigma« U Kontroli Kvaliteta Zdravstvenih Laboratorija
Authors: Ignjatović Svetlana , Majkić-Singh Nada 
Published: December 2009

Primena »Six Sigma« U Kontroli Kvaliteta Zdravstvenih LaboratorijaCilj svakog postupka ili proizvodnog sistema je dobijanje dobrog proizvoda. Većina metoda kontrole kvaliteta je inicijalno razvijena da pomogne industrijsku proizvodnju. Ovo ne predstavlja iznenađenje s obzirom da masovna proizvodnja tipično zahteva mnogo ponavljanja koje uključuju kontrolisani redosled operacija. Nisu svi prilazi kontroli kvaliteta podjednako efikasni. Neusaglašenosti koje postoje u laboratorijskom određivanju su u osnovi uzrokovane kako prekomernim varijacijama u procesu, tako i greškama. Ključni nedostatak u primeni metoda statističke kontrole kvaliteta ležKi u činjenici da su neefikasne u detekciji i kontroli grešaka, a one danas predstavljaju najdominatniji uzrok neusaglašenosti većine organizacionih procesa. Statističkom kontrolom kvaliteta mogu efikasno da se kontrolišu varijacije u procesu, ali ne mogu da se detektuju ili spreče greške. »Six Sigma« pripada statističkoj kontroli kvaliteta koja pružKa novu metodologiju za merenje karakteristika procesa, a takođe usavršava prethodne metodologije čime dolazi do unapređenja procesa. MenadžKment zasnovan na »Six Sigma« kvalitetu polako ulazi u zdravstvene organizacije pri čemu nudi realnu nadu za unapređenje razmišljanja i procesa menadžKmenta kvaliteta. Jedan od razloga je što se »Six Sigma« fokusira na defekte koji za uzvrat zahtevaju da ciljevi za dobar kvalitet budu definisani. »Six Sigma» pružKa univerzalnu metodologiju kojom se meri kvalitet time što se broje defektni proizvodi, pri čemu se određuje stopa defektnih proizvoda kao »defekti na milion» (»defects per million» ili »DPM»), a koji se zatim konvertuju u »Sigma metriku» uz korišćenje standradnih tabela koje su dostupne u svakom tekstu vezanom za »Six Sigma». »Sigma metrikom» se »Six Sigma» pojednostavljuje i dobija univerzalni »reper» koji govori o karakteristikama procesa. Na ovaj način svi procesi mogu da se okarakterišu na »Sigma skali.« Tipično se vrednosti nalaze između 2 i 6, pri čemu je cilj postizanje »svets- ke klase kvaliteta» koja iznosi 6. Na osnovu podataka koji potiču iz stvarnog sveta zdravstvenih laboratorija očigledno se možKe zaključiti da je izvođenje operacija na današnjim instrumentima dobro. Nova generacija kliničkih analizatora je postigla jako visoku «Sigma metriku«. Korisnici zdravstvene zaštite mogu da užKivaju u novoj eri napretka sa instrumentima i metodama nivoa 6 Sigma ili višim.
Significance of Determining Levels of Apolipoproteins A-I and B in the Diagnostics and Assessment of Lipid-Related Atherogenic Risk in Hyperalpha-Lipoproteinemia, Hypocholesterolemia and Hypo-Hdl-Cholesterolemia
Authors: Kojić-Damjanov Sunčica , đerić Mirjana , Čabarkapa Velibor , Vučurević-Ristić Ljiljana 
Published: December 2009

Significance of Determining Levels of Apolipoproteins A-I and B in the Diagnostics and Assessment of Lipid-Related Atherogenic Risk in Hyperalpha-Lipoproteinemia, Hypocholesterolemia and Hypo-Hdl-CholesterolemiaThe significance of determining apolipoproteins apoB and apoA-I and their correlation with lipid status parameters were tested in hyperalpha-lipoproteinemia (30 women), hypocholesterolemia (10 men) and hypo-HDL-cholesterolemia (15 women and 21 men). Control groups were 20 normolipidemic men and women, each. ApoA-I showed positive correlation with HDL-cholesterol in hyperalpha-lipoproteinemia, with total and HDL-cholesterol in hypocholesterolemia, and with total and LDL-cholesterol in females with hypo-HDL-cholesterolemia, and negative correlation with cholesterol ratios only in hypocholesterolemia. ApoB showed a positive correlation with total and LDL-cholesterol in all groups, and with cholesterol ratios in hyperalpha-lipoproteinemia and hypo-HDL-cholesterolemia. The apoB/apoA-I ratio, correlating with the majority of lipid parameters, and with the highest percentage of pathological values in all tested groups, was singled out as the most sensitive parameter for the evaluation of lipid-related atherogenic risks.
The Schemes of External Quality Control in Laboratory Medicine in the Balkans
Authors: Karkalousos Petros 
Published: December 2009

The Schemes of External Quality Control in Laboratory Medicine in the Balkans
There are many differences between the national External Quality Control Schemes all around Europe, but the most important ones are certainly those between the countries of the Balkan region. These differences are due to these countries' different political and financial development, as well as to their tradition and the development of clinical chemistry science in each one. Therefore, there are Balkan countries with very developed EQAS and others where there is no such a scheme. Undoubtedly, the scientific community in these countries wants to develop EQAS despite of the financial and other difficulties.
The clinical significance and optimal timing of postoperative computed tomography following cranial surgery
Authors: Khaldi Ahmad , Prabhu Vikram C. , Anderson Douglas E. , Origitano Thomas C. 
Published: December 2009

Object
This study was conducted to evaluate the value of postoperative CT scans in determining the probability of return to the operating room (OR) and the optimal time to obtain such scans to determine the effects of surgery.

Methods
Between January and December 2006 (12 months), all postoperative head CT scans obtained for 3 individual surgeons were reviewed. Scans were divided into 3 groups, which were determined by the preference of each surgeon: Group A (early scans—scheduled between 0 and 7 hours); Group B (delayed scans—scheduled between 8 and 24 hours); and Group C (urgent scans—ordered because of a new neurological deficit). The initial scans were reviewed and analyzed in 2 different fashions. The first was to analyze the efficacy of the scans in predicting return to the OR. The second was to determine the optimal time for obtaining a scan. The second analysis was a review of serial postoperative scans for expected versus unexpected findings and changes in the acuity of these findings over time.

Results
In 251 (74%) of 338 cases, the patients had postoperative head CT scans within 24 hours of surgery. Analysis 1 determined the percent of patients returning to the OR for emergency treatment based on postoperative scans: Group A (early)—133 patients, with 0% returning to the OR; Group B (delayed)—108 patients, with 0% returning to the OR; and Group C (urgent)—10 patients, with 30% returning to the OR (p < 0.05). Analysis 2 determined the optimal timing of postoperative scans and changes in scan acuity: Group A (early scan) had an 11% incidence of change in acuity on subsequent scans. Group B (delayed scan) had a 3% incidence of change in acuity on follow-up scans (p < 0.05).

Conclusions
Routine postoperative scans at 0–7 hours or at 8–24 hours are not predictive of return to the OR, whereas patients with a new neurological deficit in the postoperative period have a 30% chance of emergency reoperation based on CT scans. In addition, early postoperative scans (0–7 hours) fail to predict CT changes, which might evolve over time and may influence postoperative medical management.
Mechanisms and Consequences of Ebolavirus-Induced Lymphocyte Apoptosis
Authors: Bradfute Steven B. , Swanson Paul E. , Smith Mark A. , Watanabe Eizo , McDunn Jonathan E. , Hotchkiss Richard S. , Bavari Sina 
Published: December 2009

Abstract
Ebolavirus (EBOV) is a member of the filovirus family and causes severe hemorrhagic fever, resulting in death in up to 90% of infected humans. EBOV infection induces massive bystander lymphocyte apoptosis; however, neither the cellular apoptotic pathway(s) nor the systemic implications of lymphocyte apoptosis in EBOV infection are known. In this study, we show data suggesting that EBOV-induced lymphocyte apoptosis in vivo occurs via both the death receptor (extrinsic) and mitochondrial (intrinsic) pathways, as both Fas-associated death domain dominant negative transgenic mice and mice overexpressing bcl-2 were resistant to EBOV-induced lymphocyte apoptosis. Surprisingly, inhibiting lymphocyte apoptosis during EBOV infection did not result in improved animal survival. Furthermore, we show for the first time that hepatocyte apoptosis likely occurs in EBOV infection, and that mice lacking the proapoptotic genes Bim and Bid had reduced hepatocyte apoptosis and liver enzyme levels postinfection. Collectively, these data suggest that EBOV induces multiple proapoptotic stimuli and that blocking lymphocyte apoptosis is not sufficient to improve survival in EBOV infection. These data suggest that hepatocyte apoptosis may play a role in the pathogenesis of EBOV infection, whereas lymphocyte apoptosis appears to be nonessential for EBOV disease progression.
Proteases in MHC Class I Presentation and Cross-Presentation
Authors: Rock Kenneth L. , Farfán-Arribas Diego J. , Shen Lianjun 
Published: December 2009

Abstract
Cells that have mutated their genes or are virally infected are a potential threat to a host. Consequently, the immune system has evolved mechanisms for CD8 T lymphocytes to identify such cells and eliminate them. The generation of CD8 T cell responses occurs in two phases, both of which critically involve the process of Ag presentation. In the first phase, sentinel cells gather Ags present in tissues and then present them to naive CD8 T cells in ways that stimulate their maturation into effectors. In the second phase, these effector cells seek out and eliminate the pathological cells. The abnormal cells are identified through their presentation of immunogenic Ags that they are producing. The Ag presentation mechanisms used by the sentinel cells can be different from those in other cells. This article will review these mechanisms with a focus in each case on how antigenic peptides are generated for presentation.
Oxycellulose: Significant characteristics in relation to its pharmaceutical and medical applications
Authors: Martina Bajerová , Kateřina Krejčová , Miloslava Rabišková , Jan Gajdziok , Ruta Masteiková 
Published: December 2009

AbstractAs a biomaterial, cellulose can be converted into a wide range of derivatives with desired properties for a variety of medical, biomedical, and pharmaceutical applications. The oxidation of cellulose yields oxidized cellulose (OC, oxycellulose, 6‐carboxycellulose). OC represents an important class of biocompatible and bioresorbable polymers. In vivo bioabsorption of OC occurs via chemical depolymerization and enzymatic hydrolysis. Despite the fact OC is well established as a hemostatic agent and is widely used in a clinical practice, it still attracts a great interest and its new applications, especially pharmaceutical, are investigated. The present review is focused on characterization of OC's physical and chemical properties. Its synthesis and mechanisms involved in its in vivo and in vitro biodegradation are discussed. Medical and biomedical applications of OC are summarized, and especially its hemostatic, enterosorbent, and wound‐healing properties are described. In addition to these applications, OC could be used as a pharmaceutical excipient in solid (e.g., tablets, microparticles), semisolid (e.g., gels), as well as liquid (e.g., suspensions) dosage forms. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Adv Polym Techn 28:199–208, 2009; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/adv.20161
Randomized clinical trial of radiofrequency ablation or conventional high ligation and stripping for great saphenous varicose veins
Authors: Subramonia S , Lees T 
Published: December 2009

Abstract

Background
This randomized clinical trial compared early outcomes after radiofrequency ablation (RFA) and conventional surgery for varicose veins.

Methods
Consecutive patients with symptomatic varicose veins due to isolated great saphenous vein (GSV) incompetence and suitable for RFA were randomized to either RFA or conventional surgery (saphenofemoral disconnection and stripping). Clinical, radiological and patient-based outcomes were recorded at 1 and 5 weeks after intervention.

Results
RFA resulted in successful obliteration of the GSV in all 47 patients. Complete above-knee stripping was unsuccessful in seven of 41 patients. RFA took longer than conventional surgery: median interquartile range 76 (67–84) versus 48 (39–54) min; P &lt; 0·001. Patients returned to their normal activities significantly earlier after RFA (median 3 (2–5) versus 12·5 (4–21) days; P &lt; 0·001). Postoperative pain was significantly less after RFA (median score on visual analogue scale 1·70 (0·50–4·30) versus 4·0 (2·35–6·05); P = 0·001). Patient satisfaction, quality of life improvement and analgesic requirements significantly favoured RFA.

Conclusion
RFA took longer to perform but resulted in a significantly better early outcome than conventional surgery in suitable patients with great saphenous varicose veins. Registration number: ISRCTN29015169 (http://www.controlled-trials.com).
Tear analysis of ascorbic acid, uric acid and malondialdehyde with capillary electrophoresis
Authors: Georgakopoulos Constantine D. , Lamari Fotini N. , Karathanasopoulou Ioanna N. , Gartaganis Vassiliki S. , Pharmakakis Nikolaos M. , Karamanos Nikos K. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractTears have a significant role in antioxidant defense in ocular tissues and since their collection is quick and noninvasive, their analysis would facilitate monitoring of pathophysiological changes. However, their low volume and low content of antioxidants makes analysis difficult; methods of high sensitivity are needed. In this paper, we present a method for tear analysis of two antioxidant molecules (ascorbic and uric acid) and of a lipid peroxidation indicator (malondialdehyde) with capillary electrophoresis. Tears were collected with Schirmer strips, extracted with a low‐pH phosphate buffer, centrifuged through membrane filters and an antioxidant was added. They were stable at −70°C for 15 days. After pilot experiments, optimum electrophoretic separation was achieved in a 25 mm borate buffer, pH 10.0, containing 100 mm sodium dodecyl sulfate at 25°C and 20 kV. The developed method has good repeatability (<5% RSD), precision (<15% relative error values) and high sensitivity (LLOQ values of 20, 2.3 and 2.5 μM for ascorbate, urate and malondialdehyde, respectively). It was applied to the analysis of tears from healthy individuals and the antioxidant levels are in agreement with those obtained with other techniques. This method might serve as a tool to clarify the role of endogenous antioxidants in the pathophysiology of ocular diseases. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Brain salvage for cardiac cerebral embolism following myocardial infarction
Authors: Kawarada Osami , Yokoi Yoshiaki 
Published: December 2009

AbstractAcute ischemic stroke due to thromboembolism from the left ventricle is a serious complication following myocardial infarction (MI). Despite the attention given to acute stroke intervention, peri‐MI ischemic stroke is an underappreciated condition. Here, we describe a case of acute cardiac thromboembolic occlusion of the middle cerebral artery with preceding MI in which brain salvage was achieved by balloon angioplasty. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
“The chimney graft”—A simple technique for endovascular repair of complex juxtarenal abdominal aortic aneurysms in no‐option patients
Authors: Allaqaband Suhail , Jan M. Fuad , Bajwa Tanvir 
Published: December 2009

AbstractEndovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR) has developed as a less invasive alternative to open surgery for patients with abdominal aortic aneurysms. However, patients with very short infrarenal necks require complex surgical open repair, which is associated with increased mortality and morbidity. The risk of complex open repair may be prohibitive in high‐risk patients. Thus, modifying the technique of EVAR may be required in such patients to successfully exclude aneurysms. An alternative that can be used in these patients is the so‐called “chimney graft” technique. We report two cases where the chimney graft technique was used with good immediate results. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Trans‐catheter closure of patent ductus arteriosus—What is the best device?
Authors: Ghasemi Abdolrahim , Pandya Swati , Reddy Surendranath Veeram , Turner Daniel R. , Du Wei , Navabi Mohamad Ali , Mirzaaghayan Mohammad Reza , Kiani Abdolrazagh , Sloan Katherine , Forbes Thomas J. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractBackground: Over the past three decades, transcatheter occlusion of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) has evolved to be the procedure of choice. Gianturco and Flipper coils are the most commonly used coils in the United States for closure of small and moderate size PDAs. For larger PDAs, interventionalists in the United States commonly use the Amplatzer Duct Occluder (ADO) and those in Europe use the ADO or the Nit‐Occlud Coils (NOC). A comparison between Gianturco coils, Flipper coils, ADO, and NOC has never been made. Objective: To compare the success and complication rate associated with the four different devices used for transcatheter closure of PDA. Success was defined as complete closure of PDA with absence of a residual shunt (R.S.) at six months follow‐up. Methods: Two institutions collaborated in combining their data to evaluate the results of transcatheter closure of PDA. Results: Totally, 546 patients underwent successful PDA occlusion at both institutions. Gianturco and Flipper coils were used in 120 (22%) and 119 (22%) patients respectively. A total of 152 (28%) patients received ADO and 155 (28%) patients received NOC. Immediate R.S. were noted in 226 (41.4%) patients in the entire study group with the NOC group having the highest percentage of R.S. (80/155, 51.6%, P = 0.004). Of the 484 patients with follow‐up echocardiograms at 6 months, 35 (7.2%) patients had persistent R.S. The NOC (3/143, 2.1%) and ADO (5/150, 3.3%) groups had the least R.S. at six months follow‐up. Conclusion: Per our definition of success, the Nit‐Occlud coils and the Amplatzer duct‐occluder devices had significantly higher success rate for PDA occlusion versus the coils. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Cardiovascular computed tomographic angiography evaluation following unsuccessful invasive angiography: The clinical utility of 3D volume rendering
Authors: Gopal Ambarish , Silvet Helme , Foster Gary P. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractIn an appropriate clinical setting, cardiac CT angiography (CCT) can be used as a safe and effective noninvasive imaging modality for defining coronary arterial anatomy by providing detailed three‐dimensional anatomic information that may be difficult to obtain with invasive coronary angiography (ICA). We present a patient where coronary angiography by ICA was unsuccessful and where the subsequent CCT proved to be very useful in providing us relevant information. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Thermally Stable Porous Hydrogen‐Bonded Coordination Networks Displaying Dual Properties of Robustness and Dynamics upon Guest Uptake
Authors: Jiang Ji‐Jun , Li Lei , Lan Mei‐Hua , Pan Mei , Eichhöfer Andreas , Fenske Dieter , Su Cheng‐Yong 
Published: December 2009

AbstractTwo series of microporous lanthanide coordination networks of the general formula, {[Ln(ntb)Cl3]⋅ x H2O}n (series 1: monoclinic C2/c, Ln=Sm and Tb; series 2: hexagonal P31/c, Ln=Sm and Eu; ntb=tris(benzimidazol‐2‐ylmethyl)amine, x=0–4) have been synthesized and characterized by IR, elemental analyses, thermal gravimetry, and single‐crystal and powder X‐ray diffraction methods. In both series, the monomeric [Ln(ntb)Cl3] coordination units are consolidated by NH⋅⋅⋅Cl or CH⋅⋅⋅Cl hydrogen bonds to sustain three‐dimensional (3D) networks. However, the different modes of hydrogen bonding in the two series lead to crystallization of the same [Ln(ntb)Cl3] monomers in different forms (monoclinic vs. hexagonal), consequently giving rise to distinct porous structures. The resulting hydrogen‐bonded coordination networks display high thermal stability and robustness in water removal/inclusion processes, which was confirmed by temperature‐dependent single‐crystal‐to‐single‐crystal transformation measurements. Adsorption studies with H2, CO2, and MeOH have been carried out, and reveal distinct differences in adsorption behavior between the two forms. In the case of MeOH uptake, the monoclinic network shows a normal type I isotherm, whereas the hexagonal network displays dynamic porous properties.