bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Geographic Disparities and Payment Variation for Immediate Lymphatic Reconstruction in Massachusetts
Authors: Yang Alan Z. , Hyland Colby J. , Thomas Charlotte , Miller Amitai S. , Malek Andrew J. , Broyles Justin M. 
Published: June 2024

Background
Little is known about practice patterns and payments for immediate lymphatic reconstruction (ILR). This study aims to evaluate trends in ILR delivery and billing practices.

Methods
We queried the Massachusetts All-Payer Claims Database between 2016 and 2020 for patients who underwent lumpectomy or mastectomy with axillary lymph node dissection for oncologic indications. We further identified patients who underwent lymphovenous bypass on the same date as tumor resection. We used ZIP code data to analyze the geographic distribution of ILR procedures and calculated physician payments for these procedures, adjusting for inflation. We used multivariable logistic regression to identify variables, which predicted receipt of ILR.

Results
In total, 2862 patients underwent axillary lymph node dissection over the study period. Of these, 53 patients underwent ILR. Patients who underwent ILR were younger (55.1 vs 59.3 years, P = 0.023). There were no significant differences in obesity, diabetes, or smoking history between the two groups. A greater percentage of patients who underwent ILR had radiation (83% vs 67%, P = 0.027). In multivariable regression, patients residing in a county neighboring Boston had 3.32-fold higher odds of undergoing ILR (95% confidence interval: 1.76–6.25; P < 0.001), while obesity, radiation therapy, and taxane-based chemotherapy were not significant predictors. Payments for ILR varied widely.

Conclusions
In Massachusetts, patients were more likely to undergo ILR if they resided near Boston. Thus, many patients with the highest known risk for breast cancer–related lymphedema may face barriers accessing ILR. Greater awareness about referring high-risk patients to plastic surgeons is needed.
Is There a Direct Effect Between the Plication of the Myoaponeurotic Layer and the Force of Inspiratory and Expiratory Muscles After Abdominoplasty?
Authors: de Abranches Oliveira Santos Filho Ivan Dunshee , Rodrigues Maria Amélia , Ferreira Lydia Masako , Nahas Fabio Xerfan 
Published: June 2024

Objective
Abdominoplasty may generate an increase in the intra-abdominal pressure (IAP) and consequently an alteration in the pulmonary ventilation. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the potential alterations in the maximal static inspiratory pressure (MIP) and maximal static expiratory pressure (MEP) after abdominoplasty.

Methods
Thirty-three female patients, aged between 18 and 60, with type III/B Nahas abdominal deformity that underwent abdominoplasty with plication of the anterior rectus and external oblique aponeurosis were selected. The MIP and MEP were measured using a mouthpiece. This is a simple way to indirectly gauge inspiratory and expiratory muscle strength. Measurements were performed before surgery and on the 2nd, 7th, 15th, and 180th postoperative day. In addition, IAP was measured before abdominoplasty and after the placement of compression garment. The MIP and MEP were compared using analysis of variance, followed by the Bonferroni multiple comparison test pairing the different points in time. Paired Student's t test was used for comparing IAP measurements. Pearson's correlation test was used to compare MIP and MEP variations with IAP variation. Results were considered statistically significant when P ≤ 0.05.

Results
A decrease was observed in MEP on the 2nd day, with a return close to normal values on the 15th day. In opposition MIP had a surprisingly increase on the 15th postoperative day (129 cmH2O), normalizing 180 days after the operation. A leap in IAP values was revealed at the end of the surgical procedure. It was not possible to establish a positive correlation between the increase of IAP and the alterations of MIP and MEP.

Conclusions
There is a decrease in maximum expiratory pressure on the very early postoperative day (2nd postoperative day) and an increase in maximum inspiratory pressure on the 15th postoperative day in patients who underwent abdominoplasty. There was no correlation between the IAP and maximum respiratory pressure variations, both inspiratory and expiratory.
Instrumental Analysis of Retaining Ligaments and Literature Review. What Can We Deduce?
Authors: Distefano Antonio , Dotto Andrea , Garlaschi Alessandro , Colombo Giuseppe 
Published: June 2024

Objective:
This article aimed to review systematically the literature to better characterize retaining ligaments of the face and their changes correlated to facial aging. The authors have investigated the retaining ligament dimensions in 2 different cohorts of patients.

Background:
Osteocutaneous facial retaining ligaments play an important role in the aging face. With the advancement of techniques and technologies used in procedures of facial rejuvenation, several structures of the face must be highlighted to obtain clinical success as the facial retaining ligaments. It is known that classic characteristics of the aged face imply in the retaining ligaments, the intimate relationship of the ligaments with the cutaneous tissue can be modified by structural and functional changes.

Methods:
Sixty patients, divided into 2 different cohorts age correlated, have undergone soft tissue ultrasound echography to measure the dimensions (length and thickness) of 2 retaining ligaments (zygomatic cutaneous ligament and mandibular ligament).

Results:
No significant differences in age correlation have been found in the dimensions of the 2 major retaining ligaments of the face.

Conclusion:
Retaining ligaments do not undergo substantial time-correlated changes to absolve their retentive function, unlike other facial layers (bone and fat compartments). This observation suggests that retaining ligaments must be preserved during sub–superficial musculoaponeurotic system dissection in a facelift procedure.
Single-stage Auricular Reconstruction in Hemifacial Microsomia With Low Hairline by Using Temporoparietal Fascia Flap
Authors: Gao Dejin , Sun Qing , Chen Xueying , Wang Bingqing , Liu Tun 
Published: June 2024

Background:
Auricular reconstruction is one of the most complicated operations in plastic surgery and is more difficult for patients with a low hairline due to limited skin availability. In traditional operations, the skin of the mastoid area was used to cover the front of the ear scaffold, and the retroauricular fascia, combined with a free skin graft, was used to cover the back of the ear framework. This may cause problems such as inadequate skin coverage and affecting the shape of the reconstructed ear when the hairline is low.

Methods:
Hemifacial microsomia patients with low hairline have little skin flap to perform the ear reconstruction, and we refined a single-stage ear reconstruction surgery to solve the problem. The temporoparietal fascia is used to cover the entire costal cartilage scaffold, and its surface is covered with a free split-thickness skin taken from the chest wall, thigh, and other parts.

Results:
From December 2019 to December 2020, 12 patients with hemifacial microsomia underwent single-stage reconstruction with temporoparietal fascia. The duration of patient follow-up was 6 to 24 months. The application of this technique can solve the problem of insufficient available skin flap, complete the ear reconstruction through 1 operation, reduce the treatment cycle, achieve a good shape of the reconstructed ear, and the postoperative effect is satisfactory.

Conclusion:
According to the characteristics of the HFM patients with low hairline, we recommend this new, improved single-stage auricular reconstruction using the temporoparietal fascia for these patients. This method is a suitable choice for HFM patients with low hairline.

Level of Evidence: Level—IV, Cases Study.
Quantitative Assessment of Condylar Remodeling After Open Reduction and Internal Fixation in Mandibular Condylar Head Fractures
Authors: Park Hojin , Ahn Sihyun , Lee Byung-il 
Published: June 2024

Open reduction and internal fixation (OR/IF) and closed treatments are viable options, with OR/IF gaining popularity in mandibular condylar head fracture (CHF). Sufficient research is lacking on long-term condylar morphologic changes. This study quantitatively evaluated the morphologic changes in the condylar head in patients who underwent OR/IF for CHF without the removal of osteosynthesis material. A retrospective study analyzed patients who underwent OR/IF for CHF between November 2010 and August 2022. The transverse/lateral condyle width and condyle height were radiologically analyzed using panoramic and reverse Towne view x-ray images at immediate (T0), short-term (T1), and long-term (T2) postoperative periods. The study involved 29 patients with 32 surgically treated CHF. Long-term condyle height decreased significantly from 18.9±0.8 mm at T0 to 18.1±0.8 mm at T1 (P=0.042), and further to 17.3±0.7 mm at T2 (P=0.034). Transverse width slightly reduced from 18.7±0.7 mm at T0 to 17.9±0.8 mm at T1 (P=0.001) but remained stable from T1 to T2 (17.6±1.0 mm, P=0.756). Following surgery, maximal mouth opening averaged 39.5±6.1 mm, with one case of chin deviation and three cases of joint pain. The condyle undergoes long-term shortening without altering its width. Nevertheless, patients experience favorable functional outcomes, including satisfactory mouth opening and occlusion. In addition, it is advisable not to remove the osteosynthesis material, as the remaining material causes minimal functional impairment and bone resorption.
Circulating MicroRNA as a Potential Biomarker for Skeletal Disease in Primary Hyperparathyroidism
Authors: Wachtel Heather , Ermer Jae P. , Fraker Douglas L. , Kelz Rachel R. , Kelly Thomas L.A. , Hackl Matthias , Levine Michael A. 
Published: June 2024

Objective:
The goal of this study was to characterize the microRNA (miRNA) expression signatures in patients with Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) and identify miRNA biomarkers of bone homeostasis.

Background:
PHPT is associated with increased bone turnover and decreased bone mass. miRNA are markers of bone remodeling.

Methods:
We performed a prospective case-control study of postmenopausal females with PHPT and control subjects matched for race, age, and bone mineral density (BMD). We collected clinical and biochemical data, assessed BMD by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry, and measured 27 serum miRNAs related to bone remodeling. We used linear regression to assess the correlation between miRNA levels, conventional biochemical markers, and BMD.

Results:
A total of 135 subjects were evaluated, including 49 with PHPT (discovery group), 47 control patients without PHPT, and an independent validation cohort of 39 PHPT patients. Of 27 miRNAs evaluated, 9 (miR-335-5p, miR-130b-3p, miR-125b-5p, miR-23a-3p, miR-152-3p, miR-582-5p, miR-144-5p, miR-320a, and miR-19b-3p) were differentially expressed in PHPT compared with matched control subjects. All 9 differentially expressed miRNAs significantly correlated with levels of serum parathyroid hormone (PTH), and 8 of the 9 correlated with calcium levels. No differentially expressed miRNAs were consistently correlated with markers of BMD. Subjects with PHPT segregate from controls based on the signature of these 9 miRNAs on principle component analysis.

Conclusions:
These data suggest that PHPT is characterized by a unique miRNA signature that is distinct from postmenopausal and idiopathic osteoporosis. Levels of specific miRNAs significantly correlate with PTH, suggesting that bone remodeling in PHPT may be mediated in part by PTH-induced changes in miRNA.
Single-cell analysis of ovarian myeloid cells identifies aging associated changes in macrophages and signaling dynamics
Authors: Zhang Zijing , Huang Lu , Brayboy Lynae , Birrer Michael 
Published: June 2024

SummaryThe aging of mammalian ovary is accompanied by an increase in tissue fibrosis and heightened inflammation. Myeloid cells, including macrophages, monocytes, dendritic cells, and neutrophils, play pivotal roles in shaping the ovarian tissue microenvironment and regulating inflammatory responses. However, a comprehensive understanding of the roles of these cells in the ovarian aging process is lacking. To bridge this knowledge gap, we utilized single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNAseq) and flow cytometry analysis to functionally characterize CD45+CD11b+myeloid cell populations in young (3 months old) and aged (14-17 months old) murine ovaries. Our dataset unveiled the presence of five ovarian macrophage subsets, including aCx3cr1lowCd81hisubset unique to the aged murine ovary. Most notably, our data revealed significant alterations in ANNEXIN and TGFβ signaling within aged ovarian myeloid cells, which suggest a novel mechanism contributing to the onset and progression of aging-associated inflammation and fibrosis in the ovarian tissue.
Towards a standard benchmark for phenotype-driven variant and gene prioritisation algorithms: PhEval - Phenotypic inference Evaluation framework
Authors: Bridges Yasemin , de Souza Vinicius , Cortes Katherina G , Haendel Melissa , Harris Nomi L , Korn Daniel R , Marinakis Nikolaos M , Matentzoglu Nicolas , McLaughlin James A , Mungall Christopher J , Odell Aaron , Osumi-Sutherland David , Robinson Peter N , Smedley Damian , Jacobsen Julius OB 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundComputational approaches to support rare disease diagnosis are challenging to build, requiring the integration of complex data types such as ontologies, gene-to-phenotype associations, and cross-species data into variant and gene prioritisation algorithms (VGPAs). However, the performance of VGPAs has been difficult to measure and is impacted by many factors, for example, ontology structure, annotation completeness or changes to the underlying algorithm. Assertions of the capabilities of VGPAs are often not reproducible, in part because there is no standardised, empirical framework and openly available patient data to assess the efficacy of VGPAs - ultimately hindering the development of effective prioritisation tools.ResultsIn this paper, we present our benchmarking tool, PhEval, which aims to provide a standardised and empirical framework to evaluate phenotype-driven VGPAs. The inclusion of standardised test corpora and test corpus generation tools in the PhEval suite of tools allows open benchmarking and comparison of methods on standardised data sets.ConclusionsPhEval and the standardised test corpora solve the issues of patient data availability and experimental tooling configuration when benchmarking and comparing rare disease VGPAs. By providing standardised data on patient cohorts from real-world case-reports and controlling the configuration of evaluated VGPAs, PhEval enables transparent, portable, comparable and reproducible benchmarking of VGPAs. As these tools are often a key component of many rare disease diagnostic pipelines, a thorough and standardised method of assessment is essential for improving patient diagnosis and care.
A SUMO interacting motif in the Replication initiator protein of Tomato yellow leaf curl virus is required for viral replication
Authors: Gaertner Nicolas Frédéric , Maio Francesca , Arroyo-Mateos Manuel , Luna Ana P. , Sabarit Blanca , Kwaaitaal Mark , Eltschkner Sandra , Prins Marcel , Bejarano Eduardo R. , van den Burg Harrold A. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractCRESS-DNA viruses form a diverse group of viruses that use rolling-circle replication to replicate their genomes. They infect organisms in almost all branches of the eukaryotic tree of life. All CRESS-DNA viruses have one protein in common, the Replication initiator protein (Rep), which orchestrates viral replication using the host DNA replication machinery. In the case of the plant-infectingGeminiviridae, this multifunctional protein both recruits the host DNA replication machinery and manipulates posttranslational modification including Small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO) conjugation. In fact, Rep from two different geminiviruses, Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) and Tomato golden mosaic virus (TGMV), was shown to interact with the SUMO conjugating enzyme SCE1. Here, we demonstrate that also TYLCV Rep interacts with Arabidopsis SUMO1 and report on a SUMO interacting motif (SIM) in the SF3 helicase domain of Rep. Remarkably, an intact SIM proved to be important for the interaction of Rep with both SUMO1 and SCE1. The same motif was also essential for viral replication and Rep ATPase activity. Our findings thus connect the interaction between Rep and the SUMO machinery with viral replication of TYLCV.ImportanceThe identification of a non-canonical SUMO-interacting motif (SIM) within the Rep protein of Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) reveals a connection between viral replication and a protein modification, SUMOylation. Importantly, the motif was found to be conserved between Rep proteins from different geminiviruses. Functionally, the motif was critical for the interaction of Rep with proteins of the SUMO machinery, viral DNA replication, and Rep ATPase acitvity. In particular, the third position of the motif was important for each of these activities. We thus uncover a novel mechanism on how geminiviruses recruit the SUMO machinery likely to their own need.
Human transcription factor combinations mapped by footprinting with deaminase
Authors: He Runsheng , Dong Wenyang , Ma Wenping , Wang Zhi , Gao Long , Xie Chen , Li Dubai , Shen Ke , Jian Fanchong , Zhang Jiankun , Yuan Yuan , Wang Xinyao , Pang Yuxuan , Zhang Zhen , Zheng Yinghui , Liu Shuang , Luo Cheng , Chai Xiaoran , Ren Jun , Zhu Zhanxing , Xie Xiaoliang Sunney 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAn individual’s somatic cells have the same genome but exhibit cell-type-specific transcriptome regulated by a combination of transcription factors (TFs) for each gene. Mapping of TF sites on the human genome is critically important for understanding functional genomics. Here we report a novel technique to measure human TFs’ binding sites genome-wide with single-base resolution by footprinting with deaminase (FOODIE). Single-molecule sequencing reads from thousands of cells afterin situdeamination yielded site-specific TF binding fractions and the cooperativity among adjacent TFs. In a human lymphoblastoid cell line, we found that genes in a correlated gene module (CGM) share TF(s) in theircis-regulatory elements to participate a particular biological function. Finally, single-cell resolved experiments (scFOODIE) allow cell-type-specific TF footprinting in heterogeneous brain tissues.
Effect of resistant compartment on pathogen strategy in partially migratory populations
Authors: Shao Cynthia , Torstenson Martha , Shaw Allison K. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractMigration, the recurring movement of animals between habitats, can exert pressures on the pathogens they host. Properties of host populations can determine pathogen strategy (e.g. virulence) to increase pathogen fitness. To study the effect of adding a resistant compartment on virulence evolution, we developed an SIRS model and examined the winning pathogen strategy across different rates of recovery and of immunity loss. We find that when hosts spend a relatively long time in the resistant class, a more virulent pathogen evolves. These results have implications in conservation of migratory animal populations afflicted by disease.
High IL-1β and IL-18 Levels Associate with Gut Barrier Disruption and Monocyte Activation During Chronic SIV Infection with Long-Term Suppressive Antiretroviral Therapy
Authors: Thirugnanam Siva , Wang Chenxiao , Zheng Chen , Grasperge Brooke F. , Datta Prasun K. , Rappaport Jay , Qin Xuebin , Rout Namita 
Published: June 2024

AbstractHIV-induced persistent immune activation is a key mediator of inflammatory comorbidities such as cardiovascular disease (CVD) and neurocognitive disorders. While a preponderance of data indicate that gut barrier disruption and microbial translocation are drivers of chronic immune activation, the molecular mechanisms of this persistent inflammatory state remain poorly understood. Here, utilizing the nonhuman primate model of HIV infection with suppressive antiretroviral therapy (ART), we investigated activation of inflammasome pathways and their association with intestinal epithelial barrier disruption and CVD pathogenesis. Longitudinal blood samples obtained from rhesus macaques with chronic SIV infection and long-term suppressive ART were evaluated for biomarkers of intestinal epithelial barrier disruption (IEBD), inflammasome activation (IL-1β and IL-18), inflammatory cytokines, and triglyceride (TG) levels. Activated monocyte subpopulations and glycolytic potential were investigated in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Higher plasma levels of IL-1β and IL-18 were observed following the hallmark increase in IEBD biomarkers, intestinal fatty acid-binding protein (IFABP) and LPS-binding protein (LBP), during the chronic phase of treated SIV infection. Further, significant correlations of plasma IFABP levels with IL-1β and IL-18 were observed between 10-12 months of ART. Higher levels of sCD14, IL-6, and GM-CSF, among other inflammatory mediators, were also observed only during the long-term SIV+ART phase along with a trend of increase in frequencies of activated CD14+CD16+intermediate monocyte subpopulations. Lastly, we found elevated levels of blood TG and higher glycolytic capacity in PBMCs of chronic SIV-infected macaques with long-term ART. The increase in circulating IL-18 and IL-1β following IEBD and their significant positive correlation with IFABP suggest a connection between gut barrier disruption and inflammasome activation during chronic SIV infection, despite viral suppression with ART. Additionally, the increase in markers of monocyte activation, along with elevated TG and enhanced glycolytic pathway activity, indicates metabolic remodeling that could accelerate CVD pathogenesis. Further research is needed to understand mechanisms by which gut dysfunction and inflammasome activation contribute to HIV-associated CVD and metabolic complications, enabling targeted interventions in people with HIV.
Long-term ketogenic diet causes hyperlipidemia, liver dysfunction, and glucose intolerance from impaired insulin trafficking and secretion in mice
Authors: Gallop Molly R. , Vieira Renan F.L. , Matsuzaki Elijah T. , Mower Peyton D. , Liou Willisa , Smart Faith E. , Roberts Seth , Evason Kimberley J. , Holland William L. , Chaix Amandine 
Published: June 2024

SummaryA ketogenic diet (KD) is a very low-carbohydrate, very high-fat diet proposed to treat obesity and type 2 diabetes. While KD grows in popularity, its effects on metabolic health are understudied. Here we show that, in male and female mice, while KD protects against weight gain and induces weight loss, over long-term, mice develop hyperlipidemia, hepatic steatosis, and severe glucose intolerance. Unlike high fat diet-fed mice, KD mice are not insulin resistant and have low levels of insulin. Hyperglycemic clamp andex vivoGSIS revealed cell-autonomous and whole-body impairments in insulin secretion. Major ER/Golgi stress and disrupted ER-Golgi protein trafficking was indicated by transcriptomic profiling of KD islets and confirmed by electron micrographs showing a dilated Golgi network likely responsible for impaired insulin granule trafficking and secretion. Overall, our results suggest long-term KD leads to multiple aberrations of metabolic parameters that caution its systematic use as a health promoting dietary intervention.