bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Terminal Deoxynucleotidyl Transferase (TdT) in Human Foetuses
Authors: Bonati Antonio , Casoli Claudio , Starcich Bruno , Buscaglia Mauro 
Published: August 2010

The liver, bone marrow and cord blood of 30 human foetuses between the 15th and 21st weeks of gestational age were examined. Liver suspensions were investigated both by immunofluorescent and biochemical assay; cord blood suspensions and bone marrow touches with immunofluorescent assay. The results indicate the existence of a few TdT+ cells in the liver, cord blood and bone marrow of human foetuses in the ages studied.The peaks for each organ were: 15 + 1.60 (mean + SD) TdT+ cells in the liver, 12 + 2 in the bone marrow and 18 + 2.83 in the cord blood. In all the organs TdT+ cells decrease in the later weeks. In the liver, the results of the immunofluorescent assay were confirmed by the biochemical activity.
Successful treatment with selective intracoronary streptokinase in impending myocardial infarction
Authors: ARNESEN H. , EYJOLFSSON O. , HOL R. 
Published: August 2010

A case report is presented concerning a 39 years old man with 8 days history of impending myocardial infarction with transitory ECG changes, but no rise in serum enzymes.Selective coronary angiography revealed single vessel coronary artery disease with occlusion of the LAD in the middle 1/3.Streptokinase was then given selectively into the left coronary artery by continuous infusion for 140 min. At the end of the infusion continuous flow was noted in a narrowed LAD.Clinically he was later fully normalized including a normal ergometer bicycle exercise test.Control angiography after 7 weeks revealed an almost fully normalized LAD, significantly improved from just after the streptokinase treatment.In the discussion of this successful case, special attention is paid to the duration of the streptokinase infusion, as well as to the improvement achieved in the post‐infusion period.
Immune haemolytic anaemia associated with ampicillin dependent warm antibodies and high titre cold agglutinins in a patient with Mycoplasma pneumonia
Authors: MICKLEY HANS , SøRENSEN PAUL GADE 
Published: August 2010

A case of severe immune haemolytic anaemia in a 54‐year‐old man suffering from Mycoplasma pneumonia is presented. A strongly positive direct Coombs test with erythrocyte bound IgG, C3d and C4 was demonstrated during the haemolytic process. Further, serologic investigations revealed ampicillin‐dependent ‘warm’ antibodies and a cold agglutinin titre > 2000. No firm conclusion can be drawn as to which antibody caused the haemolysis. Treatment including withdrawal of antibiotics, blood transfusions (washed red cells, concentrated erythrocyte suspension) and corticosteroids was successful.It is suggested that tests should be carried out for erythrocyte bound drug‐induced antibodies in cases of haemolysis with a history of drug exposure.
Removal of Hepatitis Virus Infectivity from Clotting Factor Concentrates
Authors: Gerety R. 
Published: August 2010

Viral hepatitis remains a serious problem following intravenous therapy with plasma derivatives such as clotting factor concentrates. The risk of hepatitis B has been reduced but not eliminated by screening plasma for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) by sensitive tests prior to its use in manufacturing plasma derivatives. The use of hepatitis B vaccine has the potential to eliminate completely the risk of hepatitis B transmission among hemophiliacs when administered prior to the initiation of clotting factor concentrate therapy. Non‐A, non‐B hepatitis remains a significant risk for hemophiliacs. Neither a screening test to detect transmitters of this disease nor a vaccine to prevent it appear likely to be developed in the near future.Methods to remove, immunologically neutralize, or inactivate viruses in clotting factor concentrates have been studied. Three methods to remove hepatitis B virus from clotting factor concentrates have been evaluated. Solid‐phase immunoadsorption, polyethylene glycol precipitation and hydrophobic interaction chromatography can each remove HBsAg and hepatitis B virus (HBV) from plasma and/or clotting factor concentrates but none appear adequate to assure consistent removal of all infectious HBV. Immunological neutralization of HBV in clotting factor concentrates by the addition of neutralizing antibodies (anti‐HBs) has been accomplished. This method is applied routinely in one country to all plasma derivatives with the potential to contain infectious HBV. Immunological neutralization can only be accomplished, however, for hepatitis B virus since neutralizing antibodies for non‐A, non‐B hepatitis virus(es) have not yet been identified. The differential stabilization of plasma clotting factors to heat by a variety of specific methods has permitted the heating of clotting factor concentrates to inactivate hepatitis viruses while retaining acceptable biological activity of the clotting factors. Available data indicate that heat inactivation of both HBV and non‐A, non‐B hepatitis agents in clotting factor concentrates can be accomplished.
The Development and Use of an Illustrated Hemophilia Guide to Assist the Nurse in her Role as an Educator
Authors: Beha L , Belanger G , Brackmann Ch , Fearns M , Holbrock T , Meredith K 
Published: August 2010

The mode of haemophilia care has changed in many instances from the hospital to the home environment. As a result of this the nurse's role has altered. More of her time is spent on education and therefore a basic guide was developed to assist. This guide has been developed by Task Force I Nursing Subcommittee for those interested in hemophilia care, more specifically the haemophiliac and his family. It is intended to give basic information about the most relevant aspects of haemophilia and the treatment of the disorder. Most of the information is given pictorially for use in countries where visual aids are more relevant than the written word. The format of the guide is set out in three sections, each page removable.

Primary information
Bleeding in hemophilia
Treatment and management
The Development of Blood Coagulation Laboratory Facilities in China and Their Use in Hemophilia
Authors: Zhen‐yi Wang , Zhu Chen , Shao Hui‐zhen , Hong‐li Wang 
Published: August 2010

In China, at least 9 medical centers are carrying out the studies on factor VIII, especially on hemophilia A.A rabbit antiserum to human VIIIR:Ag was prepared in 1980 and 661 cases were studied with the antiserum, comprising 213 cases of hemorrhagic diseases and 448 cases of normal pregnant women and non‐hemorrhagic diseases. The results were similar to those reported in medical literatures. VIIIR:Ag increased progressively with the evolution of the pregnancy reaching up to 230 percent at the third trimester, very close to that observed in toxemia of pregnancy, while the blood from umbilical cord had a normal level of VIIIR:Ag.Studies on the localization of VIIIR:Ag with the antiserum and staphylococcus protein A linked with horse‐raddish peroxidase introduced by our laboratory confirmed its localization in endothelium cells, similar to the results obtained by classic indirect immunofluorescent staining.Three medical centers have been studying the carriers of hemophilia A. The results are shown in Table 3. It appeared that VIIIC/VIIIR:Ag was the most sensitive and simplest parameter for discriminating hemophilia A carriers.VIII:C/IX:C did not elevate the sensitivity of the discrimination.
To What Extent Can Plasma Supply for Factor VIII Production, Be Obtained Within the Frame of a Blood Component Program?
Authors: Högman C. F. 
Published: August 2010

A country's total need of plasma for the production of Factor VIII preparations can be covered completely within an efficient blood component program, but only under certain conditions.If the need of Factor VIII is 2 IU per inhabitant and the final yield of Factor VIII:C in the preparation is 30% of original, fresh plasma from 50% of the blood units is sufficient at an annual blood collection rate of 50,000 per million inhabitants. These figures are realistic in a cryoprecipitate program and allow sufficient plasma for substitution of plasma protein loss in other medical care than hemophilia.In a program with predominantly high‐purity Factor VIII concentrates, additional plasma must be obtained by plasmapheresis or overcollection due to the present lower final yields in these products.
Plasma Resource Planning in Canada
Authors: Grove G. , Strawczynski H. , Derrick J.B. 
Published: August 2010

Since 1977 there has been an organized cooperative venture in Canada with regard to Hemophilia Care. Involved have been the Canadian Hemophilia Society, Canadian Red Cross and Government. Our paper outlines the development of the regional centers in the country and the process for data accumulation. Data is provided outlining the types and amount of Factor VIII provision developed in the country and the method of distribution.Various undertakings have been initiated by the cooperating groups including the investigation of quality of product problems, educational symposia and the development of a long term program toward national self sufficiency.
The Changing Organization (or Roles) of the World Federation of Hemophilia
Authors: George R E 
Published: August 2010

This paper discusses the changing roles of the World Federation of Hemophilia (W.F.H.).Since its inception, the W.F.H. has played a major leadership role in providing a forum for the exchange of scientific and medical information. Credit needs to be given to this forum for advances in medical treatment. However, it has been shown that effective comprehensive care for the hemophiliac requires the participation of not only the health care team, but also the support of lay members and agencies in the community which include the W.F.H. and National Societies.This was recognized in the formation of Task Forces by the W.F.H. Task Forces I and II represent the delivery of care, and the manufacture and use of concentrates. They can be considered as of most concern to the medical professionals. Task Force III represents the concerns of the hemophiliac and those supporting hemophiliacs.Task Force III represents a new emphasis for the W.F.H. in congresses and organization.This change could be labelled as, “A strategy to move towards a parity between lay and medical groups within the W.F.H.”One can view the medical programs of the W.F.H. including congresses, I.H.T.C. (Int. Hemophilia Training Centers), regional seminars and sessions, etc., as having parallel programs for the lay members. Administrative manuals, poster descriptions, maps, the Guide for the Travelling Hemophiliac for training, information systems, etc., are examples of programs which illustrate the importance of this new role for the W.F.H.Special programs need to be designed for the “isolated” hemophiliac. An isolated hemophiliac has been defined as one who is not getting appropriate care for any of the reasons of location, economics, health care, etc., and is at risk. Such a person could also be defined as “disadvantaged”.
AIDS and the Executive Director Perspectives in Crisis Management
Authors: Brownstein A P 
Published: August 2010

Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) repreents a new risk to those with hemophilia. Initially, cases were reported among hemophiliacs in the United States, but now a number of cases have also been reported among hemophiliacs in other parts of the world. As a medical and human problem, the ramifications of AIDS are quite broad. It is important that hemophilia societies anticipate the management implications associated with this new phenomenon. The management dimensions include: information management; policy management; fiscal management; fund raising; and planning for the future.Information and policy management are addressed in detail, and the following major points are made:

effective information management requires complete and accurate information, as well as a tight control over the flow of information;
it is important that the problem is defined in relations with the media;
policy management needs to be structured in a way that allows for ready flow of decisions related to day‐to‐day operations, while assuring full accountability and broad medical involvement in establishing overall policy direction;
methods need to be developed for implementing policy and
it is important to maintain ongoing programs other than AIDS, even if at a reduced level.
Intermediate and high‐dose ARA‐C and m‐AMSA (or daunorubicin) as remission and consolidation treatment for patients with relapsed acute leukaemia and lymphoblastic non‐Hodgkin lymphoma
Authors: Willemze R. , Peters W. G. , van Hennik M. B. , Fibbe W. E. , Kootte A. M. M. , van Berkel M. , Lie R. , Rodenburg C. J. , Veltkamp J. J. 
Published: August 2010

27 patients (aged 15–55 years) with relapsed acute myelogenous (AML) and lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL), and with lymphoblastic non Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) have been treated with intermediate dose cytosine arabinoside (AraC, 1 g/m2q 12h x 12) and 3 d of m‐AMSA (20 patients), 90–115 mg/m2daily, or daunorubicin (7 patients). 18 of them attained a complete remission (AML 10/14, ALL 3/5, NHL 5/8). 7 patients received consolidation treatment with 1–2 courses comprising 4 d of AraC (3 g/m2q 12 h x 8) and m‐AMSA (90–115 mg/m2) on d 5 of each course. 2 patients underwent allogeneic bone marrow transplantation and 9 received no further treatment after remission induction.In addition to vomiting, fever and conjunctivitis, toxicity in 6 patients included a combination of severe diarrhoea, fever and signs of paralytic ileus. 3 of them died during the pancytopenic phase. The pancytopenic period ranged from 16–25 d (median 21 d) after the remission induction and 14–21 d (median 19 d) after the consolidation course. Median remission duration was 5 months for those patients who received no treatment after remission induction and >9 months (4+‐16+ months) for the patients who received consolidation courses. Increased dosages of AraC are active in relapsed leukaemia and lymphoma, although optimal dose and schedule are still undetermined.
Lactoferrin in plasma measured by an ELISA technique: Evidence that plasma lactoferrin is an indicator of neutrophil turnover and bone marrow activity in acute leukaemia
Authors: Birgens Henrik S. 
Published: August 2010

This study describes an ELISA technique with high specificity, sensitivity, accuracy and reproducibility for measurements of plasma lactoferrin. The detection limit was 0.001 μg/ml and the median value obtained in EDTA plasma from 47 healthy adults was 0.100 μg/ml (0.05 fractile: 0.046 μg/ml, 0.95 fractile: 0.257 μg/ml). The lactoferrin concentration in serum was on the average 2½ times higher than in plasma. The ambient temperature did not influence the plasma concentration during the first 6 h from blood sampling to separation of plasma from the cells.In 8 patients with untreated acute leukaemia plasma lactoferrin was positively correlated to the peripheral neutrophil count. An almost parallel course in plasma lactoferrin and peripheral neutrophil number was observed in 4 patients with AML during chemotherapy. In 2 patients achieving complete remission, plasma lactoferrin increased about 6 d before the concomitant increase in neutrophil count, suggesting plasma lactoferrin as an early predictor of bone marrow regeneration.
Splenic pulp, plasma cells and foamy histiocytes in immune thrombocytopenia: Combined morphometric immunohistochemical and ultrastructural studies
Authors: Kristensen Jørgen , Jensen Olaf Myhre 
Published: August 2010

Spleens from 16 splenectomized patients with immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) were compared with 10 controls (accidental and incidental splenectomy, staging laparotomy). Fresh unfixed material was secured for smears and cryostat sections, and splenic tissue was fixed by perfusion for histomorphometric, immunohistochemical and ultrastructural examination. The volumes of white pulp, including germinal centres, red pulp, and trabeculae and vessels were estimated. The ratio plasma cells containing various Ig‐classes/total nucleated cells and the ratio immature/mature plasma cells were determined and the occurrence and character of foamy cells examined.There were slightly increased absolute volumes of white pulp, red pulp and trabeculae + major vessels in ITP, but the differences were not statistically significant. There was a statistically significant raised number of IgG‐, IgA‐ and IgM‐containing plasma cells in the germinal centres in ITP. More IgG‐containing cells seemed to be immature than in controls, but the difference was not statistically significant. Light microscopy showed foamy histiocytes in 7 of 16 cases, but electron microscopy showed them in all cases of ITP. Foamy histiocytes reacted with antithrombocyte serum.
Cobalamin binding proteins (haptocorrin and transcobalamin) in human cerebrospinal fluid
Authors: Hansen Mads , Brynskov JøSrn , Christensen Peter Anders , Krintel Jens Jakob , Gimsing Peter 
Published: August 2010

The unsaturated cobalamin binding capacity of transcobalamin and haptocorrin was studied in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and plasma (P) from 37 reference individuals. These comprised 27 males and 10 females who underwent minor surgery in spinal anaesthesia.The 5th and 95th percentiles were as follows:P‐Transcobalamin 300 ‐ 870 pmol/l (median 550 pmol/l)CSF‐Transcobalamin 90 ‐ 540 pmol/l (median 194 pmol/l)P‐Haptocorrin 75 ‐ 290 pmol/l (median 159 pmol/l)CSF‐Haptocorrin 10 ‐ 41 pmol/l (median 21 pmol/l)No sex difference was found between the levels of haptocorrin or transcobalamin in plasma or cerebrospinal fluid. A positive correlation between P‐Transcobalamin and CSF‐Transcobalamin was found, whereas no correlation between P‐Haptocorrin and CSF‐Haptocorrin values was found. The plasma/CSF ratios of transcobalamin, haptocorrin, albumin and IgG indicated that the binders may be synthetized into the cerebrospinal fluid or are actively being transported into the cerebrospinal fluid.
Natural course of myelodysplastic syndromes — Helsinki experience
Authors: Teerenhovi L. , Lintula R. 
Published: August 2010

Between the years 1969 and 1984 162 new patients with myelodysplastic syndromes were diagnosed in the Helsinki University Central Hospital. The median survival was 29 months. The survival was best in the FAB‐groups with < 5 % bone marrow blast cells: median 48 months in the RA‐group and 41 months in the RARS‐group. In the FAB‐groups with > 5 % bone marrow blasts, RAEB and RAEBt, the median survival was 21 and 13 months, respectively. In the CMML‐group the survival was almost as short as that in the RAEBt‐group, median 16 months. These differences in survival between the FAB‐groups were highly significant (p = 0.003). Other variables that predicted short survival were Hb < 10 g/1, platelets < 150X 109/1, and the presence of peripheral blood blast cells.26.5 % of all patients progressed to ANLL. The patients in the FAB‐groups with > 5 % bone marrow blasts cells (RAEB, RAEBt) expired more often in ANLL when compared with patients with < 5 % bone marrow blast cells (RA, RARS) and with patients with CMML (p < 0.001). Other variables that predicted progression to ANLL were the presence of peripheral blood blast cells (p = 0.01) and the age < 65 years (p < 0.01). Besides ANLL, infection and/or bleeding were common causes of death. Two thirds of all deaths were due to these causes.
ACUTE MYELOGENOUS LEUKEMIA OF UNFAVOURABLE PROGNOSIS TREATED WITH RETINOIC ACID, VITAMIN D3, ALPHA‐INTERFERON AND LOW DOSES OF CYTOSINE ARA‐BINOSIDE
Authors: Robèrt Karl‐Henrik , Hellström Eva , Einhorn Stefan , Gahrton Gösta 
Published: August 2010

SUMMARYEight patients with AML of unfavourable prognosis were treated with combinations of low doses of ara‐C, retinoic acid, vitamin D3 and alpha‐interferon. 2 complete remissions and 3 partial responses were achieved. The good response in this patient group, together with the observation that 3 of the responders (1 complete remission) had no prior marrow hypoplasia, are suggestive of mechanisms of action that are separate from those in conventional chemotherapy. Possible alternatives are the induction of differentiation of leukemic cells, stimulation of normal stem cells, a slowly active selective cytotoxicity on leukemic stem cells with only minor side effects on normal stem cells, or combinations of these mechanisms.
Erythropoietin activity in the serum of beta thalassemic patients
Authors: Manor Daphna , Fibach Eitan , Goldfarb Ada , Rachmilewitz Eliezer A. 
Published: August 2010

Serum erythropoietic activity was determined in 32 patients with beta thalassemia major and intermedia. Quantitation was performed by an in vitro bioassay using rabbit erythroid precursor cells (CFU‐E) either by colony assay or by 3H‐thymidine uptake. 20 polytransfused beta‐thalassemic major patients had erythropoietic activity (mean 89.3 ± 36 milliunits/ml) which was not significantly different (p > 0.2) from normal individuals (51.3 ± 32 milliunits/ml). 12 untransfused patients with beta thalassemia intermedia were found to have comparable serum erythropoietic activity (p > 0.1). These levels were much lower than those found in patients with aplastic anemia who had a comparable degree of anemia. We have shown that the low EPO activity in thalassemic patients was not due to experimental conditions (excess of ferritin, low transferrin) nor to specific inhibitors appearing in this disease.No correlation was found between the erythropoietic activity and sex or other clinical parameters of the patients such as severity of the anemia, splenectomy, iron chelation or transfusion therapy. 4 young thalassemic children (1–2 yr of age) studied had high erythropoietic activity ranging from 661 to 5793 milliunits/ml ‐ significantly different from normal children of the same age. It is suggested, therefore, that a decrease in serum erythropoietin levels develops during the course of the disease.
Monoclonal Bence Jones proteinuria in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia
Authors: Pezzoli Antonio , Pascali Enzo 
Published: August 2010

A series of 52 consecutive patients with newly diagnosed chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) was investigated for the presence of serum and urine monoclonal immunoglobulins. The overall incidence of monoclonal gammopathy (MG) was 69%. Serum M components belonging to the IgG and IgM classes were found in 27% of cases with a concentration ranging from 1.7 to 40.3 g/l (mean 10 g/l). A monoclonal free light chain, i.e. Bence Jones protein (BJP), was documented in the urine of 65% of cases. In 42% of the 52 patients the urinary excretion of BJP represented the sole detectable monoclonal immunoglobulin abnormality.The occurrence of serum monoclonal immunoglobulins was not found to correlate with the stage or progression of the disease. Conversely, the isolated urinary excretion of BJP showed a relationship with the tumour load, as evaluated in terms of clinical enlargement of lymphoid areas. The presence of BJP alone was also a major distinctive feature of patients with more aggressive disease. These preliminary data would suggest that the isolated urinary excretion of BJP may represent a parameter of clinical significance in evaluating patients with CLL.