bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness and safety of elexacaftor/tezacaftor/ivacaftor treatment in children aged 6‐11 years with cystic fibrosis in a real‐world setting
Authors: Daccò Valeria , Rosazza Chiara , Mariani Alessandra , Rizza Carmela , Ingianni Nicolò , Nazzari Erica , Terlizzi Vito , Blasi Francesco Arturo , Alicandro Gianfranco 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundElexacaftor‐tezacaftor‐ivacaftor (ETI) is a highly effective cystic fibrosis (CF) transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) modulating therapy for people with CF and at least one F508del variant. However, there is limited data about the safety and efficacy of this therapy in pediatric populations and in real‐world settings. This study aimed at evaluating the effectiveness, tolerability, and safety of ETI in children with CF.MethodsThis was a prospective observational study including all children aged 6–11 years who initiated ETI therapy between October 2022 and March 2023 at the Pediatric CF Center of Milan (Italy). Study outcomes included changes in sweat chloride concentration, FEV1, LCI2.5, body mass index (BMI), tolerance, and safety. Mean changes in study outcomes from baseline through 24 weeks were estimated using mixed‐effects regression models.ResultsThe study included 34 children with CF (median age: 8.3 years). At Week 12, we observed an average decrease in LCI2.5 of 2.3 units (95% confidence interval [CI]: −3.1; −1.5). At Week 24, sweat chloride concentration decreased by 63 mEq/L (95% CI: −69; −58), FEV1 increased by 8.8 percentage point (95% CI: 3.7; 13.9) and BMI increased by 0.15 standard deviation scores (95% CI: 0.04; 0.25). Skin rashes appeared in 6 patients which spontaneously resolved within a few days. One month after treatment initiation, one patient experienced an elevation in liver function test results, which subsequently decreased during follow‐up visits without necessitating discontinuation of therapy.ConclusionsOur data indicate that ETI therapy is well tolerated by children with CF and is effective in improving signs of lung function abnormalities from early childhood.
EXTENDED COMMENTARY—Navigating the labyrinth of youth return to deoccupied territories in Ukraine: Stakeholders, strategies, and ethical imperatives
Authors: Bohdanov Ihor , Suchikova Yana 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe war in Ukraine has been ongoing for over two years. As territories that were captured at the beginning of the conflict are being deoccupied, the pressing issue of repopulating these areas emerges, especially concerning the youth. In this commentary, we critically examine the tripartite cooperation among universities, governments, and local self‐government bodies as a critical mechanism for encouraging the return of young people to Ukraine's deoccupied territories. Considering the inevitable exodus of youth due to occupation, we underscore the importance of early strategy conceptualization for their return. The discussion analyzes the roles and responsibilities of all key stakeholders, the necessity to balance national directives with local autonomy, and the ethical imperatives that should guide such endeavors. Although centered on the Ukrainian context, the insights from this research may prove valuable for other regions encountering similar challenges amidst globalization.
Evaluation of geographic variations in appendicectomy outcomes within Western Australia assessing the impact of surgical wait times and rate of negative appendicectomies in both urban and rural locations statewide
Authors: Scaddan Beau , Al Asedy Balsam , Lee Samantha , Lari Parsa Rastegar 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Surgery wait times after diagnosis of appendicitis are an important factor influencing the success of a patient’s treatment. The proposed study will be a quantitative multicenter retrospective cohort design with the primary aim of assessing the difference between appendicectomy wait times between rural and urban hospitals in Western Australia and the effect of this on operative outcomes. Selected outcome measures will be examined by time from initial presentation at an emergency department to the patient being diagnosed and then time of diagnosis to surgery being performed. The secondary aim is to compare rates of negative appendicectomies between hospitals.

Methods
Appendicectomy patients will be identified from operating room register by medical student data collectors; then, each respective hospital’s emergency room data collection will subsequently be accessed to complete case report forms based on demographics and clinical findings, pre-operative investigations, and management and follow-up. Case report forms with > 95% completeness will be accepted for pooled analysis. The expected duration of retrospective data collection will be 8 months. This study RGS6483 has received HREC approval by the Royal Perth Hospital HREC Ethics Committee, with a waiver of consent obtained and the HREC was notified of amendments to the protocol made on April 21, 2024.
Dissemination of results.
Data will be collected and stored online through a secure server running the Research Electronic Data Capture (REDCap) web application. No patient-identifiable data will be entered into the system. Results will subsequently be shared via scientific journal publication and presentation at relevant meetings.
The effectiveness of data pre-processing methods on the performance of machine learning techniques using RF, SVR, Cubist and SGB: a study on undrained shear strength prediction
Authors: Demir Selçuk , Sahin Emrehan Kutlug 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIn the field of data engineering in machine learning (ML), a crucial component is the process of scaling, normalization, and standardization. This process involves transforming data to make it more compatible with modeling techniques. In particular, this transformation is essential to ensure the suitability of the data for subsequent analysis. Despite the application of many conventional and relatively new approaches to ML, there remains a conspicuous lack of research, particularly in the geotechnical discipline. In this study, ML-based prediction models (i.e., RF, SVR, Cubist, and SGB) were developed to estimate the undrained shear strength (UDSS) of cohesive soil from the perspective of a wide range of data-scaling and transformation methods. Therefore, this work presents a novel ML framework based on data engineering approaches and the Cubist regression method to predict the UDSS of cohesive soil. A dataset including six different features and one target variable were used for building prediction models. The performance of ML models was examined considering the impact of the data pre-processing issue. For that purpose, data scaling and transformation methods, namely Range, Z-Score, Log Transformation, Box-Cox, and Yeo-Johnson, were used to generate the models. The results were then systematically compared using different sampling ratios to understand how model performance varies as various data scaling/transformation methods and ML algorithms were combined. It was observed that data transformation or data sampling methods had considerable or limited effects on the UDSS model performance depending on the algorithm type and the sampling ratio. Compared to RF, SVR, and SGB models, Cubist models provided higher performance metrics after applying the data pre-processing steps. The Box-Cox transformed Cubist model yielded the best prediction performance among the other models with an R2 of 0.87 for the 90% training set. Also, the UDSS prediction model generally yielded the best performance metrics when it was used with the transformed-based models (i.e., Box-Cox, Log, and Yeo-Johnson) than that of scaled-based (i.e., Range and Z-Score) models. The results show that the Cubist model has a higher potential for UDSS prediction, and data pre-processing methods have impacts on the predictive capacity of the evaluated regression models.
Approaches for the production of reference materials with qualitative properties—The new International Standard ISO 33406
Authors: Trapmann Stefanie , Ellison Stephen L. R. , Davis W. Clay , Possolo Antonio , Zheng Jiang , Botha Angelique 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe number of reference materials (RMs), including certified reference materials (CRMs) characterized for qualitative properties, has steadily increased in recent years. In response, the Technical Committee for Reference Materials of the International Organization for Standardization, ISO/TC 334, developed ISO 33406 to provide guidance to reference material producers (RMPs) on producing qualitative RMs. ISO 33406 builds on the general requirements in ISO 17034:2016 for RMP competence and offers specific guidance on value assignment, assessment of homogeneity and stability, statement of metrological traceability, and measurement uncertainty evaluation for RMs with qualitative property values.
Effect of surface treatment strategies on bond strength of additively and subtractively manufactured hybrid materials for permanent crowns
Authors: Mao Zhen , Schmidt Franziska , Beuer Florian , Yassine Jamila , Hey Jeremias , Prause Elisabeth 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Objectives
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the bond strength of different computer-aided design / computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) hybrid ceramic materials following different pretreatments.

Methods
A total of 306 CAD/CAM hybrid material specimens were manufactured, n = 102 for each material (VarseoSmile Crownplus [VSCP] by 3D-printing; Vita Enamic [VE] and Grandio Blocs [GB] by milling). Each material was randomly divided into six groups regarding different pretreatment strategies: control, silane, sandblasting (50 μm aluminum oxide particles), sandblasting + silane, etching (9% hydrofluorics acid), etching + silane. Subsequently, surface roughness (Ra) values, surface free energy (SFE) were measured. Each specimen was bonded with a dual-cured adhesive composite. Half of the specimens were subjected to thermocycling (5000 cycles, 5–55 °C). The shear bond strength (SBS) test was performed. Data were analyzed by using a two-way analysis of variance, independent t-test, and Mann-Whitney-U-test (α = 0.05).

Results
Material type (p = 0.001), pretreatment strategy (p < 0.001), and the interaction (p < 0.001) all had significant effects on Ra value. However, only etching on VSCP and VE surface increased SFE value significantly. Regarding SBS value, no significant difference was found among the three materials (p = 0.937), while the pretreatment strategy significantly influenced SBS (p < 0.05). Etching on VSCP specimens showed the lowest mean value among all groups, while sandblasting and silane result in higher SBS for all test materials.

Conclusions
The bond strength of CAD/CAM hybrid ceramic materials for milling and 3D-printing was comparable. Sandblasting and silane coupling were suitable for both millable and printable materials, while hydrofluoric etching should not be recommended for CAD/CAM hybrid ceramic materials.

Clinical relevance
Since comparable evidence between 3D-printable and millable CAD/CAM dental hybrid materials is scarce, the present study gives clear guidance for pretreatment planning on different materials.
Somatic amplification and addiction profile as risk factors for medication overuse headache with chronic migraine
Authors: Cesur Ender , Yavuz Burcu Göksan , Acar Erkan , Özdemir Zeynep , Soyukibar Tuba Erdoğan , Aydınlar Elif Ilgaz 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Introduction
Overuse of analgesics can lead to medication-overuse headache (MOH) in chronic migraine (CM) patients, and is often linked to addiction. This study explores the addiction-related characteristics and somatic amplification in patients with, CM with medication overuse headache (CM+MOH), CM, and healthy controls.

Methods
73 CM patients and 70 CM+MOH, along with 63 healthy controls, participated in the study. Assessments included a Sociodemographic Form, Migraine Disability Assessment Scale (MIDAS), Addiction Profile Index (API), Addiction Profile Index-Clinical Version (API-C), and the Somatosensory Amplification Scale (SSAS).

Results
Substance use characteristics, craving, motivation for use, and addiction severity scores were higher in the CM+MOH group than in both the CM and the control group. Specifically, the SSAS scores within the CM+MOH group surpassed those of both the CM and control groups. In the CM+MOH group, SSAS scores were a strong predictor of the amount of analgesic usage. Besides, craving and motivation for substance use scores significantly predicted the number of days analgesic taken per month in the CM+MOH group

Conclusion
CM patients with MOH exhibit a pronounced association with addiction, and a heightened manifestation of somatic symptoms. Addressing addiction characteristics and psychosomatic amplification is important to ensure comprehensive management.
When rational functions meet virtual elements: the lightning virtual element method
Authors: Trezzi Manuel , Zerbinati Umberto 
Published: June 2024

AbstractWe propose a lightning Virtual Element Method that eliminates the stabilisation term by actually computing the virtual component of the local VEM basis functions using a lightning approximation. In particular, the lightning VEM approximates the virtual part of the basis functions using rational functions with poles clustered exponentially close to the corners of each element of the polygonal tessellation. This results in two great advantages. First, the mathematical analysis of a priori error estimates is much easier and essentially identical to the one for any other non-conforming Galerkin discretisation. Second, the fact that the lightning VEM truly computes the basis functions allows the user to access the point-wise value of the numerical solution without needing any reconstruction techniques. The cost of the local construction of the VEM basis is the implementation price that one has to pay for the advantages of the lightning VEM method, but the embarrassingly parallelizable nature of this operation will ultimately result in a cost-efficient scheme almost comparable to standard VEM and FEM.
Residual effect of commonly used fungicides in strawberries on Amblyseius swirskii, Neoseiulus cucumeris, and Neoseiulus californicus (Mesostigmata: Phytoseiidae)
Authors: Busuulwa Allan , Revynthi Alexandra M. , Liburd Oscar E. , Lahiri Sriyanka 
Published: June 2024

AbstractFlorida’s strawberry industry is currently valued at $511 million annually but faces challenges from pathogens and arthropod pests especially Tetranychus urticae Koch (twospotted spider mite) and Scirtothrips dorsalis Hood (chilli thrips). Predatory mites, particularly Neoseiulus cucumeris Oudemans, Neoseiulus californicus McGregor, and Amblyseius swirskii Athias-Henriot, play a crucial role in pest management. However, there are concerns regarding how these biological control agents are affected by fungicides used in current pathogen management strategies. This study assessed the residual effects of commonly used fungicides in strawberries on the survival, feeding, and oviposition of these predatory mites. Commercially sourced predatory mites were reared on S. dorsalis larvae, and gravid female predators placed on fungicide treated strawberry leaf discs in a Munger cell for 120 h. Fungicides tested included two formulations of Captan, hydrogen peroxide + peroxyacetic acid, cyprodinil + fludioxonil, tetramethylthiuram disulfide, cyflufenamid and a control. All fungicides tested had an impact on the survival, feeding, and oviposition of the predators. Among the fungicide treatments, the lowest predator survival was observed in the cyprodinil + fludioxonil treatment, while the highest was observed in the hydrogen peroxide + peroxyacetic acid and tetramethylthiuram disulfide treatments. In all treatments, feeding and oviposition greatly varied among predators; specifically, N. cucumeris and A. swirskii had the lowest prey consumption, while N. californicus had the highest. These findings highlight the potential incompatibility between fungicides and predatory mites and demonstrate the need for the development of a fungicide rotation program tailored to the different susceptibilities of predators to fungicides.
Behavioral Inhibition and Social Anxiety Disorder as Predictors of Long-Term Outcomes of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Youth Anxiety Disorders
Authors: Skumsnes Toril , Fjermestad Krister W. , Wergeland Gro Janne , Aalberg Marianne , Heiervang Einar R. , Kodal Arne , Ingul Jo Magne 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe temperamental trait behavioral inhibition (BI) is related to the development and maintenance of anxiety, particularly much so to social anxiety disorder. We investigated if BI and social anxiety disorder predicted cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) outcomes for youth anxiety. Youth (N = 179; Mage = 11.6 years) were assessed 4 years following a randomized controlled CBT effectiveness trial. BI was measured by the parent-reported Behavioral Inhibition Questionnaire at baseline. The outcomes were diagnostic recovery, youth- and parent-reported anxiety symptoms, and clinical severity at post-treatment, 1-year, and 4-year follow-up. Having social anxiety disorder negatively predicted diagnostic recovery and predicted higher clinical severity at all assessment points and was the only significant predictor of outcomes at 4-year follow-up. Higher BI negatively predicted diagnostic recovery and predicted higher clinical severity and parent-reported symptom levels at post-treatment and 1-year follow-up, and predicted higher youth-reported anxiety levels at 1-year follow-up. Higher BI was the only predictor of youth- and parent-reported anxiety symptoms. BI and social anxiety disorder seem to be unique predictors of CBT outcomes among youth with anxiety disorders. CBT adaptations may be indicated for youth with high BI and social anxiety disorder.
A Model for the Coexistence of Competing Mechanisms for $$\text {Ca}^{\text {2}+}$$ Oscillations in T-lymphocytes
Authors: Castaneda Ruan Paco , Benson J. Cory , Trebak Mohamed , Kirk Vivien , Sneyd James 
Published: June 2024

Abstract$$\text {Ca}^{\text {2}+}$$

Ca

2
+

is a ubiquitous signaling mechanism across different cell types. In T-cells, it is associated with cytokine production and immune function. Benson et al. have shown the coexistence of competing $$\text {Ca}^{\text {2}+}$$

Ca

2
+

oscillations during antigen stimulation of T-cell receptors, depending on the presence of extracellular $$\text {Ca}^{\text {2}+}$$

Ca

2
+

influx through the $$\text {Ca}^{\text {2}+}$$

Ca

2
+

release-activated $$\text {Ca}^{\text {2}+}$$

Ca

2
+

channel (Benson in J Biol Chem 29:105310, 2023). In this paper, we construct a mathematical model consisting of five ordinary differential equations and analyze the relationship between the competing oscillatory mechanisms.. We perform bifurcation analysis on two versions of our model, corresponding to the two oscillatory types, to find the defining characteristics of these two families.
Glucocorticoid Therapy in Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: Navigating Short-Term and Long-Term Effects and Optimal Regimen Selection
Authors: Pourhassan Hoda , Murphy Lindsey , Aldoss Ibrahim 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Purpose of Review
Glucocorticoids are a mainstay in acute lymphoblastic leukemia treatment and lack of early response is predictive for overall disease prognosis. Given the vital position of glucocorticoids and well known long and short-term side effects associated with differing glucocorticoids, we aim to highlight the wide breadth of historical and more contemporary data to describe the current landscape of glucocorticoid use in this arena.

Recent Findings
Emerging studies aim to overcome issues such as steroid resistance and to optimize the antileukemic effects of glucocorticoids while aiming to mitigate the risks and side effects associated with their exposure.

Summary
Glucocorticoids have and likely always will be a fundamental component of acute lymphoblastic leukemia treatment and understanding how to navigate short- and long-term effects and how to optimize regimens is at the heart of continued treatment success.
Sports governance after the superleague judgment: going into extra time?
Authors: Poiares Maduro Miguel 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis paper argues that the Superleague Judgment creates the conditions necessary for the political process to step in and do its part in providing a much-needed regulatory framework for transnational sports organizations to exercise their powers in an accountable manner and in accordance with the values usually attributed to the European Sports model. Indeed, the key issues raised in cases such as the Superleague, ISU and Royal Antwerp, as well as in past cases, often require a regulatory follow up and implementation that courts are unfit to undertake. The Court Judgments highlight systemic flaws in the governance of sports that require a public framework regulating both the scope and nature of the powers of transnational sports organisations and ensure the democratic scrutiny and accountability of their regulatory powers. This can only be properly addressed at the political level. That should have been clear by now. Let’s hope that the Superleague, ISU and Royal Antwerp judgments will make it so.
On using machine learning algorithms for motorcycle collision detection
Authors: Rodegast Philipp , Maier Steffen , Kneifl Jonas , Fehr Jörg 
Published: June 2024

AbstractGlobally, motorcycles attract vast and varied users. However, since the rate of severe injury and fatality in motorcycle accidents far exceeds that of passenger car accidents, efforts have been directed towards increasing passive safety systems. Impact simulations show that the risk of severe injury or death in the event of a motorcycle-to-car impact can be greatly reduced if the motorcycle is equipped with passive safety measures such as airbags and seat belts. For the passive safety systems to be activated, a collision must be detected within milliseconds for a wide variety of impact configurations, but under no circumstances may it be falsely triggered. For the challenge of reliably detecting impending collisions, this paper presents an investigation towards the applicability of machine learning algorithms. First, a series of simulations of accidents and driving operation is introduced to collect data to train machine learning classification models. Their performance is henceforth assessed and compared via multiple representative and application-oriented criteria.