bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
BODY COMPOSITION IN HEART DISEASE
Authors: Olesen Knud H. 
Published: August 2010

Abstract In order to define the alterations in body composition in cardiac patients with hyponatraemic hypochloraemia, the chloride space, total exchangeable chloride, sodium space, total exchangeable sodium and total exchangeable potassium were measured in 12 subjects with hyponatraemic hypochloraemia and in 12 patients with normonatraemia. The groups were selected to be comparable with regard to average body weight, mean age and sex distribution.Statistical analysis defined the pattern of body composition in the hyponatraemic hypochloraemic group in the light of the findings in the normonatraemic group as follows: 1. A significant and parallel decrement of serum chloride and serum sodium concentrations; 2. An unchanged chloride space and sodium space; 3. A parallel decrement of total exchangeable chloride and total exchangeable sodium, although not statistically significant; 4. A normal or increased total exchangeable chloride and sodium in relation to predicted normal values; 5. A normal distribution of sodium in relation to chloride space; and 6. A significant rise in serum potassium concentration and a tendency to decrease of total exchangeable potassium.While the interrelations between chloride space and sodium space and between total exchangeable chloride and total exchangeable sodium were the same in the two groups, the ratios of Cle/Na and Nae/Cl space were significantly lowered in the hyponatraemic hypochloraemic group.It is concluded that, although it is likely that a deficit of total exchangeable chloride in relation to total exchangeable sodium, associated with metabolic alkalosis and decreased total exchangeable potassium, may account in part for the hypochloraemia seen in both groups, the major cause of the marked hypochloraemia in the hyponatraemic group is apparently a dilution of chloride in an expanded extracellular phase caused by the water retention responsible for the hyponatraemia.
MUSCLE AND SKIN CLEARANCE OF ANTIPYRINE FROM EXERCISING ISCHEMIC LEGS BEFORE AND AFTER VASODILATING TRIALS
Authors: Zetterquist Staffan 
Published: August 2010

Abstract In a series of patients with intermittent claudication, antipyrine labelled with iodine isotopes was deposited in the calf muscle and skin of the lower leg. The disappearance rates of the tracers were utilized to evaluate changes in the regional blood flow in connection with exercise on a foot ergometer. The clearance curves suggested that, besides an increase of muscle blood flow, there was a gradual diversion of blood flow from the skin during exercise, with a transitory period without any removal of tracer from the skin depot towards the end of exercise but particularly immediately afterwards. The duration of this latter period was correlated to the degree of arterial obliterative disease in the leg and was considered useful in the diagnosis of incipient peripheral ischemia.The ability of conventional vasodilating drugs to influence the behaviour of these clearance curves during exercise was tested in acute clinical experiments. It was found that, irrespective of the pharmacological mode of action, parenteral administration of the drugs used was accompanied by a significant decrease in clearance rate from the active muscles as compared with that registered during exercise of identical intensity before the therapeutic trial. Simultaneously there was a tendency to a delayed elimination of the skin tracer. The deleterious effect of the drugs on the clearance rates and thus presumably on the peripheral blood flow in the presence of arterial insufficiency seemed to be related to their depressive influence on the mean arterial blood pressure, brought about by an extensive dilation of healthy vascular beds.
ENDOCARDIAL PACING IN ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION
Authors: Grendahl Helge , Sivertssen Egil 
Published: August 2010

Abstract From 1964 to 1968 seventy‐seven patients in Ullevål Hospital with acute myocardial infarction were treated with endocardial pacing. Sixty of these patients had A‐V‐block, 53 complete, and 7 A‐V‐block of second degree.Indication for pacing in the patients with A‐V block was Adams‐Stokes attack in 23 patients, bradycardia in 14, and in 23 “prophylactic pacing” was performed. Thirty‐three patients (55%) survived and 27 (45%) died. Mortality was higher in patients with anterior myocardial infarction (69%) than in patients with posterior myocardial infarction (13%). All the patients with both anterior and posterior myocardial infarction died. Patients with bundle branch block had a higher mortality (68%) than patients with narrow QRS complexes (21%).Two patients died during positioning of the electrode and 19 during treatment with pacemaker. Among the 19 fatalities during pacing 5 were due to ventricular fibrillation, 1 to heart rupture and 13 to shock or cardiac failure.In 17 patients pacing was started on indications other than A‐V block and 13 of the latter (76%) died.Better results in the treatment of A‐V block in acute myocardial infarction will probably be achieved by the use of “on demand” pacemakers in order to avoid pacemaker‐induced ventricular fibrillation, and by prophylactic pacing before serious complications after Adams‐Stokes attacks or bradycardia have developed.
A CASE OF KLINEFELTER'S SYNDROME WITH 48,XXXY AND DIABETES MELLITUS
Authors: Esmann V. , Nielsen J. , Petersen G. Bruun 
Published: August 2010

Abstract The twentieth case of Klinefelter's syndrome with 48,XXXY in a 39‐year‐old Caucasian is described. The outstanding clinical feature was a diabetes of the maturity onset type of nine years duration, but with a somewhat slow plasma insulin response and an early peak of plasma growth hormone.The patient was slightly dysphoric and immature, with no sexual libido or potency and with a total I.Q. of 74. During a six months course of testosterone his general condition improved and alterations in his mental and sexual condition were also noted.Cells from buccal smears and fibroblasts from the testis and the skin cultures were sex chromatin positive with a considerable number of double positive nuclei. In 209 analysed metaphases 78% had the modal chromosome number of 48 with a karyotype of 48,XXXY, whereas 22% were non‐modal cells, preferentially with a hypomodal chromosome number. Analysis of metaphases with one missing chromosome indicated random loss of chromosomes, except in cells from testis biopsy, where the lacking chromosome belonged to the group 21–22‐Y, which makes a testis mosaicism possible.
TWO METHODS FOR PRODUCING IN ANIMALS A MACROGLOBULIN SIMILAR TO THE RHEUMATOID FACTOR
Authors: Svartz Nanna , Hedman Stig , Söderberg Olof 
Published: August 2010

AbstractTwo methods for provoking a haemagglutinating macroglobulin identical or similar to the Rheumatoid factor (RF) are described. The macroglobulins were obtained (a) by injections of Diplostreptococcus agalactiae into animals, mainly white rats; (b) by injecting into rats the antibody to RF (anti‐RF) or the active fraction of this antibody. The anti‐RF was produced by immunizing rabbits against RF. Both (a) and (b) have given rise to haemagglutinating macroglobulins showing high titres (up to 1: 1024) in the sheep cell test. The titre is much more stable when using method (a). Using method (b) the results show sudden variations with sometimes total disappearance of the haemagglutinating macroglobulin.The anti‐RF serum produced neutralizes the RF completely in precipitation tests. The active principle of anti‐RF is a fraction showing a sedimentation constant of about 7 S, i.e. exactly the same as that of the commonγG. Comparing the 7 S, which has the property of neutralizing RF completely in unheated state, and the commonγG (IgG) by Immunoelectrophoresis, the first does not give rise to any precipitation line with anti‐γG, while, of course, the second provokes a typical line. The RF‐neutralizing globulin seems to be a hitherto unknown 7 S globulin. The same is true of the isolated heamagglutinating fragment of RF. Details of the latter type of 7 S globulin were given in earlier papers.Thus, the active fractions both of RF and anti‐RF have been isolated and studied. They constitute two members of the large 7 S “family”, which certainly contains an enormous number of 7 S gamma globuüns (γG or IgG) with different properties. As was pointed out earlier (10), there also exist a great number of different macroglobulins.
GLUCOSE TOLERANCE AND PLASMA INSULIN IN MAN DURING ACUTE AND CHRONIC ADMINISTRATION OF NICOTINIC ACID
Authors: Miettinen Tatu A. , Taskinen Marja‐Riitta , Pelkonen Risto , Nikkilä Esko A. 
Published: August 2010

Abstract Since nicotinic acid is known to interfere with the glucose metabolism, a detailed study was made to establish whether insulin secretion is involved in this action. On chronic administration of nicotinic acid to hyperlipidemic subjects the fasting blood glucose and plasma immunoreactive insulin (IRI) concentrations rose significantly. The elimination rate constant (K) of intravenous glucose decreased from an average of 1.88 to 1.07. The plasma IRI response increased, but only in relation to blood glucose level. Biguanide treatment did not improve the glucose utilization during nicotinic acid treatment.A short‐term effect of the drug given as intravenous infusion to control subjects was a decrease of K‐value of iv. glucose, a slight increase of basal plasma IRI level and an unchanged plasma IRI response to glucose load. In subjects maintained on total calory restriction or on high‐fat low‐carbohydrate diet nicotinic acid did not cause any further decrease of the primarily low K‐value. A similar lack of effect was present in patients with liver cirrhosis. Also in these instances the IRI response was not modified by nicotinic acid.It is suggested that nicotinic acid impairs the hepatic glucose assimilation by increasing both glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis through some action which is not related to antilipolysis. Insulin secretion is slightly stimulated by the drug.
ARE PROTEINURIA TESTS RELIABLE AS SCREENING METHODS FOR RENAL DISEASE?
Authors: Larsson Sten Olle , Thysell Hans 
Published: August 2010

Abstract To assess the value of proteinuria tests as screening methods for the detection of urinary‐tract disease an evaluation has been made of the Albustix and the sulphosalicylic‐acid tests in a health survey of 1346 women between 15 and 69 years old, all of whom are employed in hospitals.The study comprised screening of the total material (1346 women) and a clinical examination of 634 women with pathological urine findings at the screening and/or histories suggestive of urinary‐tract disease. The clinically examined women were tested with Albustix on four occasions and by the sulphosalicylic‐acid test on three occasions. At the screening 3.5% were Albustix‐posiüve and 5.9% positive in the sulphosalicylic‐acid test. In 33.1% there was a discrepancy between the two tests. Of the clinically examined women 0.3% were Albustix‐positive on all four occasions, 2.4% on two or three, and 47.2% on one occasion. The corresponding figures for women examined by the sulphosalicylic‐acid test on three occasions were 1.7% positive on all three occasions, 6.8% positive on two, and 22.3% on one occasion. The frequency of intermittently positive proteinuria tests decreased significantly with increasing age. The frequency of urinary‐tract disease and hypertension was the same in the group with intermittently positive proteinuria tests as in the group with negative tests throughout. The results show that proteinuria tests are not suitable as the only screening method for the detection of urinary‐tract diseases.
ACUTE EFFECT OF A SUSTAINED RELEASE PYRIDYL CARBINOL PREPARATION, RONICOL RETARD®, ON PLASMA FREE FATTY ACIDS
Authors: Carlson Lars A. , Orö Lars 
Published: August 2010

Abstract The effect of two different single doses of a sustained release preparation of pyridyl carbinol, Ronicol Retard® taken by mouth, was studied in eleven patients. The results were compared to previously obtained data, with identical experimental procedures, for nicotinic acid and placebo.The concentration of free nicotinic acid in plasma rose slowly after 0.45 and 1.05 g of Ronicol Retard® to reach a maximum level after 2 to 3 h and then declined to basal levels after 6 or more h.The concentration of FFA in plasma was lowered to the same level as with nicotinic acid by both doses of Ronicol Retard®. In comparison to values obtained after placebo, 0.45 g depressed the FFA levels for 1 ½ h, 1.05 g for about 3 h.When the FFA lowering effect vanished there was little rebound (overshoot) of FFA levels after Ronicol Retard® while nicotinic acid gave rise to a pronounced overshoot.Flush, similar to that seen after nicotinic acid, occurred in all patients receiving 1.05 g of Ronicol Retard®. After 0.45 g not all patients showed flush, and those who did had it to a slighter degree than after 1.05 g.Compared to nicotinic acid pyridyl carbinol did not inhibit lipolysis in adipose tissue when added in vitro unless the concentration was 100 times greater than that of nicotinic acid. Even then the inhibition was much less pronounced than with nicotinic acid. This finding together with the appearance of free nicotinic acid in plasma after Ronicol Retard® suggests that this compound lowers plasma levels of FFA by being metabolized to nicotinic acid, which then inhibits lipolysis.The relationship of lowering of FFA, the FFA overshoot and other possible effects of nicotinic acid to the lowering of the concentration of cholesterol in plasma is briefly discussed.
UREMIC PERICARDITIS
Authors: Skov Poul Erik , Hansen Hans Erik , Spencer Edwin Stanton 
Published: August 2010

Abstract The frequency of uremic pericarditis and complicating cardiac tamponade has been determined in a series of 125 patients in terminal uremia. Forty (32%) were found to have uremic pericarditis, and five of these patients (12.5%) developed a pericardial effusion sufficient to produce cardiac tamponade. The diagnosis uremic pericarditis had been made during life in 32 of the 40 patients on the presence of a pericardial friction rub, which was found to be the most constant symptom of pericarditis. Demonstration of acute pericardial constriction was solely clinical: rapidly developing cardiac insufficiency in a clinical situation where hypertensive heart disease, overhydration and severe anemia could be ruled out as etiologic factors.Seven of the patients with uremic pericarditis were treated with regular hemodialysis using universal heparinization. One patient developed cardiac tamponade in connection with his first hemodialysis. All the rest of the hemodialyses in this patient and in the other patients were without complications. The risk of universal heparinization must therefore be considered to be minimal. The size and shape of the heart became normal in three of the seven patients and the pericardial friction rub disappeared in all of them during intermittent hemodialysis. It is thus possible with effective hemodialysis to treat uremic pericarditis and complicating pericardial effusion so that renal allotransplantation can be carried out. Eight patients with uremic pericarditis in this series, including two with cardiac tamponade, have received renal transplants. Seven of these patients are alive, one three years post‐transplant.
EFFECT OF APTIN, A β‐ADRENERGIC BLOCKING AGENT, IN ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION
Authors: Furberg C. , Michaelson G. 
Published: August 2010

Abstract The antihypertensive effect of a new beta‐adrenergic blocking agent, Aptin, has been studied in a group of 12 patients with moderate arterial hypertension. The trial was carried out using a conventional double‐blind cross‐over design.A significant reduction of 18 mm Hg in the systolic blood pressure at rest was recorded for the entire group. The corresponding decrease of 7 mm Hg in the distolic pressure was not significant. During exercise a more pronounced reduction was recorded than at rest. The correlation found between the reduction in systolic blood pressure and heart rate during exercise during the Aptin treatment was probably significant.The antihypertensive effect of Aptin was considered as moderate. The drug may be of therapeutic value in combination with other antihypertensive drugs. No significant adverse effects or changes in results of laboratory tests were noted during the Aptin treatment.
ETIOLOGY OF AORTIC VALVULAR DISEASE
Authors: Storstein Ole 
Published: August 2010

Abstract. On the basis of a clinical material comprising 222 patients with aortic valvular disease, of whom 161 had been subjected to aortic valvular surgery, the etiology of aortic stenosis and insufficiency has been considered. In this material 31% had congenital aortic stenosis. Previous rheumatic infection was found in 27% of the patients. In the majority of the remaining patients aortic stenosis is thought to develop on the basis of congenital bicuspid aortic valves, which is one of the most common congenital anomalies.Aortic insufficiency is most often combined with aortic stenosis and of the same etiology as aortic stenosis. In patients with pure aortic insufficiency, however, bacterial endocarditis is at the present time the most common cause of the insufficiency. Aortic dilatation with normal aortic valves was a common cause of aortic insufficiency. The dilatation was seen in rheumatoid spondylitis, following surgery for coarctation of the aorta, and in some cases was of unknown etiology. Syphilitic aortitis was seen in only one patient.
PROLONGED ARTIFICIAL VENTILATION IN SEVERE STATUS ASTHMATICUS
Authors: Iisalo E. U. M. , Iisalo E. I. , Vapaavuori M. J. 
Published: August 2010

Abstract. Prolonged artificial ventilation was employed 29 times in cases of severe status asthmaticus at the Medical Department, University of Turku, in co‐operation with the Department of Anesthesiology. Three of the 26 patients were twice under respirator treatment. The outcome was fatal in four cases. At the time they were connected up to the respirator all the patients were physically exhausted, pale, cyanosed and had difficulties in coughing up bronchial secretions. Seventeen patients were unconscious. Carbon dioxide retention occurred in all the cases. The mean duration of controlled mechanical ventilation was five days.The indications for controlled respirator therapy are examined with reference to the material. The conclusion reached is that this form of therapy is useful, often a necessary and lifesaving measure in the treatment of patients with most severe status asthmaticus.
ANTICOAGULANT TREATMENT OF ACUTE CORONARY THROMBOSIS
Authors: Sørensen O. Helmer , Friis Th. , Jørgensen A. Whitta , Jørgensen M. Borch , Nissen N. I. 
Published: August 2010

Abstract. Four hundred and fifty‐one patients with acute myocardial infarction were placed, according to their date of admission, in one of two groups: an anticoagulant‐treated group and a placebo group. After the exclusion of patients who died within 48 hours, patients whose diagnosis was only made post mortem, and a few patients who, for various other reasons, had to be left untreated, there remained 276 patients for the trial: 156 patients in the anticoagulant‐treated group and 120 patients in the placebo group. The results, in terms of mortality rate, thrombo‐embolic complications, and haemorrhagic incidents, were evaluated after 4 weeks' treatment (short‐term material), and again after an observation period of up to two years in the 139 anticoagulant‐treated patients and the 95 placebo patients who survived the first four weeks (long‐term material).In the short‐term material the anticoagulant‐treated group showed a statistically significant reduction in the number of thrombo‐embolic complications and the mortality rate. In the long‐term material there was a statistically significant reduction in the mortality rate in anticoagulant‐treated patients who, during the acute stage, had been classified as bad risks; and in the recurrence rate for patients over 60. In only one patient, during long‐term treatment, could death be ascribed for certain to this treatment.
HODGKIN'S DISEASE IN NORWAY
Authors: Bjelke Erik 
Published: August 2010

Abstract.Recorded mortality from Hodgkin's disease in Norway since 1931 showed at ages less than 50 years an increase until 1951–1955 and at ages 50 and over an increase throughout the period 1931–1965. The main features of the trends in recorded mortality are compatible with the effects of improved possibilities for the recognition of the disease.A series of 820 cases of Hodgkin's disease notified to the Cancer Registry of Norway as diagnosed during the period 1953–1963 is reported on. All cases were histologically diagnosed.Age‐specific incidence rates of Hodgkin's disease exhibit a characteristic bimodal curve. Both in males and females the incidence rates increased rapidly from age 10–15 and reached a peak at age 20–30. After age 40–50 the incidence started increasing again with increasing age. From age 20 the incidence was higher in males than in females. For malignant lymphomas as a group—and the findings for Hodgkin's disease were in line with those for the other lymphomas—the incidence at ages less than 55 was higher in single women than in women who had ever married.A grouping by county of residence did not reveal any marked geographical differences in average incidence. No special seasonal pattern in the occurrence of Hodgkin's disease was detected. The distribution of cases by county of residence and time of diagnosis (2‐year intervals) suggests a clustering of newly diagnosed cases in time and space.For cases diagnosed in 1953–1958 relative survival rates were highest in patients less than 65 years of age. For the age group less than 45 the 5‐year survival rate, from the time of diagnosis, was 30 percent for males and 44 for females.
IRON DEFICIENCY IN WOMEN OF FERTILE AGE IN A SWEDISH COMMUNITY
Authors: Garby Lars , Irnell Lars , Werner Iver 
Published: August 2010

Abstract. A new method for estimating the prevalence of iron deficiency anaemia is proposed. The method is based on determination of the percentage of subjects showing a significant response in haematocrit or haemoglobin value following supplementation with iron.The method was applied in a study of apparently healthy women in Uppsala. The response to placebo and iron supplementation was estimated in a total of 414 trials. The percentage of subjects showing a significant response to iron was calculated in each haematocrit interval; and the total percentage of subjects judged, on this basis, to be iron deficient in a randomly chosen sample from the community was estimated to be 17%.
MONOAMINE OXIDASE ACTIVITY IN THE HUMAN SMALL INTESTINE
Authors: Mustala O. , Solatunturi E. , Tarpila S. 
Published: August 2010

Abstract.Monoamine oxidase (MAO) activity in the epithelium of the normal human small intestine was found to be very high, 28.0 nmol IAA/mg/h, which is higher than the MAO activity in other tissues according to earlier studies. After nialamide treatment (150 mg/day orally) for two weeks the activity was reduced by 85%. This is about the same as that seen after pargyline and isocarboxazide treatment and cannot be the explanation of the lesser complications with nialamide. Merely the decrease of MAO activity in the epithelium of the small intestine is probably a very important factor in the development of the circulatory reactions from which patients treated with monoamine oxidase inhibitors suffer after ingesting certain foods containing monoamines.The measurement of MAO activity in the intestinal mucosa was found to be a useful method for clinical work.