bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
AI art and public literacy: the miseducation of Ai-Da the robot
Authors: Lima Eleonora 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis article examines the implications of the artworks and public performances of the robot artist Ai-Da. While the project claims to advance AI public literacy and foster critical debate around intelligent systems, it instead ends up perpetuating popular misunderstandings about AI creativity, agency, and consciousness. Built in 2019, Ai-Da is a humanoid robot capable of creating drawings, paintings, and composing poetry. However, the project often conceals or miscommunicates the technical aspects of Ai-Da’s capabilities in a manner that encourages the public to misattribute human-like traits to the robot. This lack of transparency in the presentation of Ai-Da’s abilities and the creative processes involved risks reinforcing existing misconceptions about AI, rather than promoting a more nuanced understanding. By employing discourse analysis and drawing on scholarship on machine and computational creativity, anthropomorphism in social robots, and posthuman embodiment, this article uses the Ai-Da project as a case study to illustrate how the dangers of AI hype can be obscured when presented through the lens of public art. The analysis examines how the Ai-Da project, despite its stated goals of advancing AI literacy, fails to effectively challenge and may even exacerbate public misperceptions about the nature of AI-generated art and creativity.
Creating sustainable and flexible architectural skin with microbial cellulose-based material: synthesis and mechanical characterization
Authors: Massoud Passaint , AbouSeada Nour , M.Saada Aya , Zolfakkar M. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAttaining sustainability by developing efficient architectural materials will be a suitable remedy for various environmental problems. Incorporating clean biotechnology, particularly Bacterial Cellulose (BC), into the field of Architecture Design offers a novel strategy with the objective of creating environmentally-friendly architectural materials. The key goal of this research is to investigate the synthesis of BC by cultivating kombucha SCOBY in a culture medium that has been supplemented with sugar and tea extract. The linear density, tensile strength and strain of the BC bio-film and BC composites were assessed in order to determine the material’s degree of fitness in potential applications. The tensile test showed that BC bio-film and its jute composite had tensile strengths of 5 MPa and 10 MPa respectively, indicating notable resilience and durability as a feasible substitute for conventional construction materials. The study delves deeper into the sustainability, biodegradability, and economic feasibility of BC, emphasising its potential as an independent foundational material. The incorporation of jute fibres into BC enhances its capabilities, resulting in the development of a novel composite material known as BC + jute. This composite exhibits superior mechanical and psychochemical characteristics, making it suitable for the creation of sophisticated architectural prototypes. The results of this research establish a strong foundation for the advancement of ecologically conscious architectural solutions, demonstrating the feasibility and capacity of BC in promoting sustainability within the construction sector.Keywords: Microbial Cellulose, Scopy, Architecture, Environmental-friendly, sustainability, interior design, jute fiber, biomaterials.
Medium-cumulative dose of cytarabine in consolidation therapy shows the greatest benefit in AML patients
Authors: Hao Yiping , Ji Min , Jin Shumin , Li Wei , Zhou Ying , Jia Ruinan , Li Wěi , Jiang Huihui , Wang Jingtao , Lu Fei , Zang Shaolei , Zhang Chunqing , Ye Jingjing , Ji Chunyan 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
High-dose cytarabine (HDAC) is commonly used for consolidation therapy in young acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients, but the dosage of cytarabine is still controversial in the clinic due to its obvious post-chemotherapy adverse effects. The aim of this study was to contrast the efficacy in different dose groups of cytarabine after consolidation therapy in Chinese AML patients.

Methods
AML patients treated with cytarabine consolidation at Qilu Hospital, Shandong University from January 2010 to September 2022 were retrospectively analyzed, from which 346 AML patients with relatively complete follow-up data were selected for this study. We compared the patients’ overall survival (OS) rate, relapse-free survival (RFS) rate, and hematologic adverse events in terms of their general characteristics, cytarabine consolidation therapy dose, consolidation course, 2022 European Leukemia Net (ELN) risk stratification, and transplantation.

Results
In AML patients under 60 years of age, the 5-year RFS rate with high-dose cytarabine consolidation therapy was superior to that of small-dose cytarabine (P = 0.024), while the 5-year RFS rate was comparable in the high-dose and intermediate-dose groups, and there was no obvious difference among the three groups in the 5-year OS rate (P > 0.05). OS and RFS of those given more than 3 courses of cytarabine consolidation therapy were better than those in the 1–2 courses group (P = 0.060, P = 0.040). OS and RFS were better in patients with cumulative dose of cytarabine ≥ 36g than in patients with cumulative dose < 36g (P < 0.05), but cumulative dose ≥ 54g was comparable in OS and RFS with ≥ 36–< 54g group (P > 0.05). There was no significant difference in hematologic adverse effects among the three treatment groups.
In the latest ELN risk stratification favorable-risk group, the cumulative dose of cytarabine ≥ 36g had a better 5-year RFS rate than the < 36g group (P = 0.038), and in the intermediate-risk group the 5-year OS rate and RFS rate were better in the ≥ 36g group than the < 36g group (P = 0.012, 0.025). In addition, the prognosis of transplanted patients was better than that of non-transplanted patients, whereas in non-transplanted patients, consolidation therapy with ≥ 36g cytarabine can effectively improve outcomes. Multivariate analysis indicated that age, fibrinogen (FIB) and the cumulative dose of cytarabine of ≥ 36–< 54g were predictors of OS, while age, white blood cell (WBC) and HDAC were predictors of RFS.

Conclusion
The results of the study showed that consolidation therapy with cytarabine up to a cumulative dose of ≥ 36–< 54g in AML patients who did not undergo transplantation significantly improved patient prognosis. In the latest ELN risk stratification, cumulative doses of cytarabine ≥ 36g had a better prognosis in favorable and intermediate-risk patients.
Optimization and production of dairy-cereal grain-based probiotic beverage powder and its probiotic survivability under simulated gastric and pancreatic conditions
Authors: Meena Kamalesh Kumar , Taneja Neetu Kumra , Jain Devendra , Ojha Ankur 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe present study uses maize flour and skimmed milk powder to develop a probiotic dairy-cereal-based food powder by spray drying and using response surface methodology for optimization. The processing parameters and ingredients, including inlet spray drying temperature (140–170 ℃), maize flour (80–120 g), and skim milk powder (60–80 g), were optimized against probiotic survivability count, moisture, sensory score, bulk density, and wettability as responses using response surface methodology. The optimum experimental conditions obtained to manufacture acceptable-quality powder were an inlet temperature of 151 ℃, an amount of maize flour of 102.74 g, and skim milk powder at 69.88 g. The probiotic survivability (8.35 log CFU/g) was observed at more than the recommended level (6.0 log CFU/g) due to the probiotic strain's microencapsulation by skim milk and maize flour components. The optimized powder had good nutritional and functional values and was observed to have acceptable water activity, surface structure, and color values. The shelf life of the product on the basis of probiotic survival (minimum 6.0 log CFU/g) was found to be 49 days at 4 ℃. Gastric and pancreatic survival was also observed at more than 50% in refrigerated conditions for up to 56 days of storage.
Combined Color-Doppler Flow and Angio Planewave UltraSensitive™ Imaging for Analysis of Hemodynamic Characteristics of Normal Upper Limb Arteries
Authors: Liu Yanzhou , Zhang Xiyue , Yang Hang , Tan Xueyan , Huang Duo , Yuan Hongmei , Yu Lili , Yang Fang , Zou Yuan , He Xiuli , Luo Yuqun , Cui Fangzhao , Wang Ping , Li Zukun , Zhang Qing , Zhang Ning , Jiang Binglei , Yue Wensheng 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background
To evaluate the hemodynamic characteristics of normal upper extremity arteries from the brachial artery to the fingertip arterioles.

Methods
We analyzed the characteristics and changes in the regularities of ultrasonic parameters in the upper extremity arteries of 104 healthy volunteers using color Doppler flow imaging and Angio Planewave UltraSensitive™ imaging. The measured ultrasonic parameters included the vessel diameter, blood-flow spectrum waveform, peak systolic velocity, end-diastolic velocity, resistance index, pulsatility index, ratio of PSV to EDV, blood-flow volume, along with systolic acceleration of each BA, radial artery, superficial palmar arch artery, palmar proper digital artery, and third-grade artery arch of the fingernail bed.

Results
From BA to FN3AA, the diameter, PSV, RI, S/D, VFlow, and slope of the artery significantly decreased (P < 0.001), and size of the parameters significantly correlated with the anatomic position of the arteries. The blood-flow spectrum gradually changed from various waveforms to fixed monophasic waves. There was a linear relationship between the distribution of monophasic waveforms and arterial groups (R = -0.453; P < 0.001). When the blood-flow spectrum of BA and RA showed a monophasic waveform, their branch arteries showed the same. The waveforms of PPDA and FN3AA were also monophasic.

Conclusion
Regular changes in the blood-flow spectrum waveform and hemodynamic parameters are related to the anatomic position of the upper limb arteries. CDFI combined with Angio PLUS accurately and systematically evaluates the hemodynamic characteristics of the upper extremity arteries.
RETRACTED ARTICLE: Surprisingly low results from studies on cognitive ability in developing countries: are the results credible?
Authors: Rindermann Heiner 
Published: May 2024

AbstractDeveloping countries achieve surprisingly weak results in international cognitive competence studies. The results are about one to two standard deviations below the average norm-values obtained in Western countries. The results are so low that they are sometimes difficult to believe. For example, in the World Bank collection, Nigeria scored 262 student assessment points (SASQ, about two and a half standard deviations below the norm 500, equivalent in the IQ-scale to 64 points); in the Lim et al. collection, Yemen scored 336 SASQ (equivalent to IQ 75). These results have triggered opposition, factual-scientific criticism, but also ethical debates and political-ideological objections. We crosscheck the values here by comparing different sources of information, statistical analysis, and on-site reports. Results of the different test paradigms seem to be similar for country groups. However, there are sometimes major differences for individual countries. The same is true for comparing different test collections: results of grouped countries are similar, but single countries differ. Using education, GDP per capita and politics to predict test scores shows somewhat higher results for the Global South (5 IQ points), especially for Latin America (rising from 78 to 86 points in an IQ metric). Finally, observational studies of schools and every day life in several countries of the Global South point to problems in the scope and quality of instruction as well as of thinking. To improve outcomes and competences, it is recommended to expand education (e.g., kindergarten, extension of schooling) and better train teachers. Where there are large discrepancies between predictions and test results, the potential seems to be large.
Failure of adhesive bonding unveiled by in-situ strain testing by high-resolution scanning transmission electron microscopy
Authors: Horiuchi Shin , Saito Noriyuki , Hanada Takeshi , Shimamoto Kazumasa , Akiyama Haruhisa 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe nano-scale failure behaviors of adhesive interfaces were investigated through in-situ straining testing to observe real-time crack propagations under a scanning transmission electron microscope (STEM). Two different loading modes were applied to thin sections of adhesive interfaces: crack-opening mode applied to pre-cracks made at the interface and shear mode. The failure of aluminum alloy (Al6061) and a second-generation acrylic adhesive (SGA) was examined, enabling observation of the growth of crazing in the adhesive layer, which has a phase-separated structure, preceding the macroscopic failure of the interfaces. Furthermore, the failure of a direct joint of thermoplastic and Al was investigated, with a comparison made to that observed in the adhesive interface. The generation and propagation of cracks near the interface, attributed to the adhesive's phase separation, contribute to the toughness of the adhesive interface. Both the direction of stress acting on the interface and the interface's strength influence the initiation and growth of cracks throughout the adhesive layer.
Emergency remote teaching amid global distress: how did teacher educators respond, cope, and plan for recovery?
Authors: Gyamerah Kenneth , Asamoah Daniel , Baidoo-Anu David , Quainoo Eric Atta , Amoateng Ernest Yaw , Sasu Ernest Ofori 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis study explored the emergency remote teaching experiences of Ghanaian teacher educators during COVID-19. The study employed a basic qualitative interpretive approach and purposively interviewed 25 teacher educators from 15 teacher training institutions. Teacher educators in this study reported that emergency remote teaching (ERT) was a learning opportunity and professional capacity-building experience for them to engage in contemporary pedagogical practices. Teachers also indicated that synchronous and asynchronous remote teaching was helpful for their students, as it provided students with the opportunity to engage in self-paced learning due to their access to learning resources at any time. ERT promoted peer teaching, team teaching, and effective collaboration among teacher educators. However, with little preparation and training for remote teaching and learning, both teachers and students struggled with the remote teaching and learning process. A myriad of challenges were identified including the unsuitability and unfamiliarity of online teaching and learning platforms, a high rate of absenteeism and low student engagement, a lack of parental and school support, and inadequate technological resources. The study revealed that mathematics and science teachers needed advanced technological resources to support student learning. Implications for educational policy and practice are discussed.
Different effects of polyethylene microplastics on bioaccumulation of three fungicides in maize (Zea mays L.)
Authors: Qiu Shuimin , Shen Hongjian , Song Jialu , Fang Hua , Yu Yunlong , Zhang Luqing 
Published: May 2024

AbstractDespite the ubiquity of microplastics (MPs) and pesticides in agricultural soils, the effects of MPs on the behavior and bioavailability of pesticides in soil–plant systems remain largely unknown. This study comparatively investigated the adsorption and dissipation of three commonly used fungicides (metalaxyl, azoxystrobin and tebuconazole) in soil as well as their accumulation and distribution in maize Zea mays L. with and without the amendment of polyethylene MPs (PE-MPs). The results showed that the adsorption of the fungicides to both MPs and soil was strongly dependent on their octanol/water partition coefficients (logKow). The addition of 5% PE-MPs significantly increased the adsorption of the hydrophobic fungicides azoxystrobin and tebuconazole to soil due to their greater adsorption affinity to PE-MPs than to soil, while the effect was negligible in the case of the hydrophilic fungicide metalaxyl. The enhanced adsorption of azoxystrobin and tebuconazole to soil with the amendment of PE-MPs decreased their bioavailable fractions in soil, especially the concentration in in situ pore water, resulting in prolonged persistence in soil and reduced accumulation in maize plants. PE-MPs caused a greater reduction in the dissipation and bioaccumulation of tebuconazole than azoxystrobin, presumably because PE-MPs were more effective in promoting the adsorption of tebuconazole (with a higher logKow) in soil. Comparatively, PE-MPs had little effect on the dissipation and bioaccumulation of metalaxyl since its bioavailability was almost unaffected. Our work provides effective information for the risk assessment of co-contamination of MPs and pesticides.
A data science approach to climate change risk assessment applied to pluvial flood occurrences for the United States and Canada
Authors: Bourget Mathilde , Boudreault Mathieu , Carozza David A. , Boudreault Jérémie , Raymond Sébastien 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThere is mounting pressure on (re)insurers to quantify the impacts of climate change, notably on the frequency and severity of claims due to weather events such as flooding. This is however a very challenging task for (re)insurers as it requires modeling at the scale of a portfolio and at a high enough spatial resolution to incorporate local climate change effects. In this paper, we introduce a data science approach to climate change risk assessment of pluvial flooding for insurance portfolios over Canada and the United States (US). The underlying flood occurrence model quantifies the financial impacts of short-term (12–48 h) precipitation dynamics over the present (2010–2030) and future climate (2040–2060) by leveraging statistical/machine learning and regional climate models. The flood occurrence model is designed for applications that do not require street-level precision as is often the case for scenario and trend analyses. It is applied at the full scale of Canada and the US over 10–25 km grids. Our analyses show that climate change and urbanization will typically increase losses over Canada and the US, while impacts are strongly heterogeneous from one state or province to another, or even within a territory. Portfolio applications highlight the importance for a (re)insurer to differentiate between future changes in hazard and exposure, as the latter may magnify or attenuate the impacts of climate change on losses.
Oral History and the Textual Archive: Contemporary Pakistani Shi‘i ‘Ulama’s Recollections and Reflections on Politics and Sectarian Harmony
Authors: Saif Mashal 
Published: May 2024

AbstractRecent scholarship on Pakistani Shi‘ism draws on a historical archive that it primarily textual: books, journal articles, pamphlets, etc. authored by Shi‘i ‘ulama and notables. However, as the field of oral history rightly asserts, the textual archive can never capture those historical facts that are only accessible through oral sources. This article at times challenges and at other points supplements and reinforces the textual archive through the creation of a new archive: an oral history archive based on multiple interviews with two leading Shi‘i ‘ulama in contemporary Pakistan. At the heart of these interviews lies the question of how these ‘ulama conceptualize and remember their country’s political past and assess their present, considering their minority status and sectarianism. Through undertaking the above-mentioned examination, this article inaugurates the use of oral history as central to scholarship on Shi‘i ‘ulama and underscores the importance of the study of this overlooked primary source.
Assessing associations between individual-level social determinants of health and COVID-19 hospitalizations: Investigating racial/ethnic disparities among people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in the U.S. National COVID Cohort Collaborative (N3C)
Authors: Vaidya Dimple , Wilkins Kenneth J. , Hurwitz Eric , Islam Jessica Y. , Li Dongmei , Sun Jing , Safo Sandra E. , Ross Jennifer M. , Hassan Shukri , Hill Elaine , Nosyk Bohdan , Varley Cara D. , Fadul Nada , Camacho-Rivera Marlene , Madlock-Brown Charisse , Patel Rena C. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background:
Leveraging the National COVID-19 Cohort Collaborative (N3C), a nationally sampled electronic health records repository, we explored associations between individual-level social determinants of health (SDoH) and COVID-19-related hospitalizations among racialized minority people with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) (PWH), who have been historically adversely affected by SDoH.

Methods:
We retrospectively studied PWH and people without HIV (PWoH) using N3C data from January 2020 to November 2023. We evaluated SDoH variables across three domains in the Healthy People 2030 framework: (1) healthcare access, (2) economic stability, and (3) social cohesion with our primary outcome, COVID-19-related hospitalization. We conducted hierarchically nested additive and adjusted mixed-effects logistic regression models, stratifying by HIV status and race/ethnicity groups, accounting for age, sex, comorbidities, and data partners.

Results:
Our analytic sample included 280,441 individuals from 24 data partner sites, where 3,291 (1.17%) were PWH, with racialized minority PWH having higher proportions of adverse SDoH exposures than racialized minority PWoH. COVID-19-related hospitalizations occurred in 11.23% of all individuals (9.17% among PWH, 11.26% among PWoH). In our initial additive modeling, we observed that all three SDoH domains were significantly associated with hospitalizations, even with progressive adjustments (adjusted odds ratios [aOR] range 1.36–1.97). Subsequently, our HIV-stratified analyses indicated economic instability was associated with hospitalization in both PWH and PWoH (aOR range 1.35–1.48). Lastly, our fully adjusted, race/ethnicity-stratified analysis, indicated access to healthcare issues was associated with hospitalization across various racialized groups (aOR range 1.36–2.00).

Conclusion:
Our study underscores the importance of assessing individual-level SDoH variables to unravel the complex interplay of these factors for racialized minority groups.
The Niu–Li Factional Strife: The Origins of a Historiographical Fiction
Authors: Höckelmann Michael 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe “Niu–Li Factional Strife,” named after Niu Sengru (779–847) and Li Deyu (787–850), is an enduring theme in Tang history. Based on accounts of personal animosity, a narrative evolved in which Niu and Li have become the ringleaders of two factions that drew in almost all high-profile literati of the ninth century. This article revises traditional and modern narratives of the Strife by first showing that the scattered and contradictory evidence in the earliest sources does not bear out the model of a decades-long struggle between two factions. Second, it demonstrates how “Niu and Li” first arose as an emblem of Tang weakness and a rallying cry for unity within the bureaucracy under the Northern Song two centuries later. Finally, it shows how modern historians picked up the loose ends and remoulded them into a struggle between different classes against the backdrop of factious politics in Republican China.