bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Resiliencia y riesgo suicida: Un estudio comparativo entre voluntarios y no voluntarios
Authors: Velasco Macias Ivon Nicol , Vargas Espín Alba Del Pilar 
Published: June 2024

Este estudio pretende comparar la resiliencia y riesgo suicidio entre voluntarios y no voluntarios, en respuesta al creciente aumento de suicidios en el mundo y en el contexto ecuatoriano. Se aplicó una metodología de análisis cuantitativo, de alcance descriptivo y con un diseño de corte trasversal. Además, se recopilaron datos de 288 voluntarios de una organización no gubernamental y 701 de jóvenes que no realizaban voluntariado de una universidad del centro del país, para ello, se utilizó la Escala de Riesgo suicida de Plutchick y la Escala de resiliencia de Wagnild y Young. Los resultados indicaron diferencias significativas en la resiliencia entre los voluntarios y los no voluntarios (p<.001), mostrando una mayor resiliencia en el primer grupo, sin embargo, no se observaron diferencias significativas en el riesgo suicida (p = 0941). Lo que platearía que el voluntariado podría potenciar la resiliencia en aquellos individuos que no participan en actividades voluntarias, lo cual tiene importantes implicaciones para el diseño de intervenciones dirigidas a fortalecer la resiliencia en diversos ámbitos sociales.
Narcotráfico y Migración. Dilemas y tensiones en el Estado mexicano
Authors: Candia José Miguel 
Published: June 2024

Migración y narcotráfico son dos variables de enorme relevancia en el plano social, político y económico, ambos fenómenos generan tensiones que desafían la estabilidad de las instituciones y hacen peligrar el buen desempeño de las actividades productivas. Desde su nacimiento, México estuvo marcado por un fenómeno poblacional que define su conformación como sociedad capitalista, en efecto, las migraciones son un fenómeno sistémico de la formación económico social mexicana. El narcotráfico y la extendida presencia del crimen organizado, es otro factor de riesgo para la vida institucional y económica de México. Además de la venta de enervantes los carteles extienden sus prácticas ilícitas al mundo de los negocios y de las inversiones en gran escala: turismo y hotelería; negocios inmobiliarios; explotación de bosques y cultivos industriales.
Umgehung(sversuche) bei Vorkaufsrechten an Grundstücken
Authors: Grziwotz Herbert 
Published: June 2024

Zusammenfassung
Nicht nur bei drohenden Vorkaufsrechten der öffentlichen Hand, sondern auch bei den gesetzlichen Vorkaufsrechten des Mieters und der Miterben sowie ferner bei rechtsgeschäftlich vereinbarten Vorkaufsrechten wird häufig anlässlich der Veräußerung der betroffenen Immobilie gefragt, wie man das Vorkaufsrecht „vermeiden“ oder zumindest seine Ausübung erschweren könne. Der nachfolgende Beitrag stellt die Grenzen für diesbezügliche Gestaltungen anhand der Rechtsprechung dar und kritisiert ihre teilweise ungenügende Umsetzung.
Nonparametric (Distribution‐Free) Quality Control Charts
Authors: Chakraborti Subha 
Published: August 2011

AbstractControl charts that are typically based on the assumption of a specific form of a parametric distribution, such as the normal, are called parametric control charts. In many applications, however, there is not enough information to justify this assumption and control charts that do not depend on a particular distributional assumption are desirable. Nonparametric or distribution‐free control charts can serve this broader purpose. A key advantage of nonparametric charts is that its in‐control run length distribution is the same for all continuous process distributions. This means, for example, that the false alarm rate and the in‐control average run length of a nonparametric chart is the same for all continuous distributions. This is not true for parametric control charts in general and consequently their in‐control robustness can be a legitimate concern. Nonparametric charts are often more robust and efficient than their normal theory counterparts under heavy‐tailed and/or asymmetric distributions. In this paper we discuss developments, mostly in the area of univariate nonparametric control charts; this includes cases when the underlying parameters are specified as well as when they are unknown and are therefore estimated from the data. The majority of the charts are for monitoring the location; few charts are available for scale.
Optimal Sample Size Allocation for Accelerated Degradation Test Based on Wiener Process
Authors: Tseng Sheng‐Tsaing , Tsai Chih‐Chun , Balakrishnan N. 
Published: August 2011

AbstractDegradation tests are widely used to assess the reliability of highly reliable products which are not likely to fail under traditional life tests or accelerated life tests (ALT). However, for some highly reliable products, the degradation may be very slow, and thus it seems impossible to have a precise assessment within a reasonable test time. In such cases, an alternative technique is to use higher stresses to extrapolate the product's reliability at the normal use stress. This is called an accelerated degradation test (ADT). In this article, motivated by a LEDs data, we discuss the optimal allocation problem under accelerated degradation experiment when a Wiener process is used to describe the product's degradation path. We derive the Fisher information and the approximate variance of the estimated mean‐time‐to‐failure (MTTF) under normal use. Three optimality criteria are defined and the optimal allocation of test units are determined. Finally, the LEDs data is illustrated to demonstrate the efficiency of the optimal allocation of test units.
Structural Results forPOMDPs
Authors: Zheltova Ludmila V. 
Published: August 2011

AbstractPartially observable Markov decision processes (POMDP) are used to describe stochastic systems with incomplete information about the state of the system. Owing to the complexity of POMDP analysis, a primary goal is to identify conditions under which the optimal policy has a structure that is simple to implement.A prioriknowledge of policy structure makes its computation, communication, and implementation fast and effective. This article discusses the optimal policy structures for the general POMDP model and provides examples of such structures in the context of maintenance optimization. A brief overview of the research results concerning policy structures in different application areas is provided.
The Canadian Operational Research Society/Société Canadienne De Recherche Opérationelle
Authors: Caron Richard J. , Ingolfsson Armann , Quan Vinh 
Published: August 2011

Abstract

Founded in 1958 and incorporated on 25 February 1964, the Canadian Operational Research Society (CORS) takes a leadership role in the advancement of both the theory and practice of operational research (OR) in Canada, and it represents the Canadian OR community in the International Federation of Operational Research Societies (IFORS). We meet our objectives with our publications, Web site (
www.cors.ca
), and annual conference and by supporting a diverse array of local section activities. The society is bilingual and is also known as the Société canadienne de recherche opérationelle (SCRO).
Compounds of Selenium and Tellurium with Nitrogen Bonds
Authors: M. Klapötke Thomas , Krumm Burkhard , Moll Richard 
Published: August 2011

AbstractIn the last three decades the field of the traditionally more exotic selenium nitrogen and tellurium nitrogen compounds has developed considerably. This review presents some of the recent results with a focus on crystal structures. The application of nitrogen NMR spectroscopy will be illustrated as an additional useful tool for the characterization of SeN and TeN materials. This chapter includes newer results on binary, ternary, organoselenium and organotellurium amides, imides, azides and other classes of compounds divided into the different oxidation states of selenium and tellurium. Furthermore, the latest selenium and tellurium nitrogen‐containing carbocycles will be mentioned.
Selenium and Tellurium (1,2,3)‐Oxygen‐containing Acids and Derivatives
Authors: Drabowicz Józef , Dorota Krasowska Wanda Halina Midura 
Published: August 2011

AbstractThe chapter presents the advances in the chemistry of oxoacids of selenium and tellurium and their derivatives, which have emerged in recent years (mostly after 1998) based on the division of the discussed compounds into particular subclasses arising from the oxidation state of a central chalcogen atom. It begins with a brief discussion on the nature of bonding between the chalcogen and oxygen atoms. Next this chapter presents for the first time all the available data on basic synthetic protocols leading to alkane (arene) oxoacids of selenium and tellurium, and the acid halides, esters and amides derived from them. A brief discussion on their structure and reactivity is also included. The derivatives are presented in the following order: (a) divalent, dicoordinated selenenic and tellurenic acids, RChOH (ChSe or Te), and their derivatives; (b) tetravalent, tricoordinated seleninic and tellurinic acids, RCh(O)OH, and their derivatives RCh(O)L (ChSe or Te; LX, OR, NR1R2); (c) hexavalent, tetraacoordinated selenonic and telluronic acids, RCh(O)2OH, and their derivatives RCh(O)2L (ChSe or Te; LX, OR, NR1R2).
A Study of Twin Variant Selection and Twin Growth in Titanium
Authors: Bao Lei , Schuman Christophe , Lecomte Jean‐Sébastien , Philippe Marie‐Jeanne , Zhao Xiang , Esling Claude 
Published: August 2011

AbstractAn in depth analysis on twin variant selection and twin growth character during compression by means of “interrupted in situ” EBSD orientation measurement was carried out. An experimental verification and geometrical analysis of the use of Schmid's law as a criterion for selecting twin variants was performed, and proved to be conclusive. Twin variants having Schmid factors higher than 0.4 have a good chance to be activated. The twin growth exhibits two modes: {11–22} twins show a tendency to multiple variants system (MVS) and {10–12} twins show predominant variant system (PVS). The Schmid factor plays an important role in MVS and PVS.
Cancer Nanotheranostics: Improving Imaging and Therapy by Targeted Delivery Across Biological Barriers
Authors: Kievit Forrest M. , Zhang Miqin 
Published: August 2011

AbstractCancer nanotheranostics aims to combine imaging and therapy of cancer through use of nanotechnology. The ability to engineer nanomaterials to interact with cancer cells at the molecular level can significantly improve the effectiveness and specificity of therapy to cancers that are currently difficult to treat. In particular, metastatic cancers, drug‐resistant cancers, and cancer stem cells impose the greatest therapeutic challenge for targeted therapy. Targeted therapy can be achieved with appropriately designed drug delivery vehicles such as nanoparticles, adult stem cells, or T cells in immunotherapy. In this article, we first review the different types of nanotheranostic particles and their use in imaging, followed by the biological barriers they must bypass to reach the target cancer cells, including the blood, liver, kidneys, spleen, and particularly the blood‐brain barrier. We then review how nanotheranostics can be used to improve targeted delivery and treatment of cancer cells. Finally, we discuss development of nanoparticles to overcome current limitations in cancer therapy.
An ontology‐based mechanism for automatic categorization of web services
Authors: Kehagias Dionysios D. , Giannoutakis Konstantinos M. , Gravvanis George A. , Tzovaras Dimitrios 
Published: August 2011

SUMMARYThe addition of semantic information into Web services (WS) results in more accurate search and retrieval in service registries. The key issue to facilitate organization of services, taking into account their semantics, is the development of automatic mechanisms that generate appropriate mappings between Web service elements and their semantics‐enabled counterparts. In this paper, we introduce an ontology‐based mechanism for automatic semantic categorization of WS and their structural components. The presented approach, as opposed to similar ones, takes into account the lexicographic, structural, and data type characteristics of WS. Moreover, a software tool that implements the proposed service categorization mechanism is presented, and a benchmark process is executed that reveals outstanding performance of the developed mechanism in comparison with a relevant state‐of‐the‐art approach. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
LFTM, linguistic fuzzy trust mechanism for distributed networks
Authors: Gómez Mármol Félix , Marín‐Blázquez Javier G. , Martínez Pérez Gregorio 
Published: August 2011

SUMMARYTrust is, in some cases, being considered as a requirement in highly distributed communication scenarios. Before accessing a particular service, a trust model is then being used in these scenarios to determine if the service provider can be trusted or not. It is done usually on behalf of the final user or service customer, and with a little intervention of him or her. This is usually happening with the main aim of automatizing the process and because trust models are normally making use of reasoning mechanisms and models difficult to understand by humans. In this paper, we propose the adaptation of a bio‐inspired trust model to deal with linguistic fuzzy labels, which are closer to the human way of thinking. This Linguistic Fuzzy Trust Model also uses fuzzy reasoning. Results show that the new model keeps the accuracy of the underlying bio‐inspired trust model and the level of client satisfaction, while enhancing the interpretability of the model and thus making it closer to the final user. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Trusted information exchange in peer‐to‐peer mobile social networks
Authors: Qureshi Basit , Min Geyong , Kouvatsos Demetres 
Published: August 2011

SUMMARYSocial networks have recently been gaining popularity. In a peer‐to‐peer mobile social network (MSN), users with similar interests establish groups or communities and share information without relying on a centralized infrastructure. Users socially interact with each other using handheld mobile devices and membership in a group/community of MSNs is granted by a pre‐existing group member. However, it is possible that a group of malicious users can collude to promote another untrustworthy user in becoming a group member. Moreover, revoking membership without the existence of a central authority in a group is also a grant challenge. To address these problems in peer‐to‐peer MSNs, we propose a decentralized framework and the related algorithms for trusted information exchange and social interaction among users based on the dynamicity aware graph relabeling system. In contrast to the existing implementations of social networks based on a client/server paradigm, the proposed framework utilizes a lightweight trust model for identifying trustworthy users and aims at creating communities of trusted users while isolating and reducing interactions with untrustworthy users. Simulation results demonstrated the effectiveness of the proposed framework compared with the traditional dynamicity aware graph relabeling system algorithm.Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Experimental and numerical study of burning behaviors of flaxboard with intumescent coating and nanoparticles in the cone calorimeter and single burning item tests
Authors: Zhang Jianping , Delichatsios Michael A. , McKee Maurice , Ukleja Sebastian 
Published: August 2011

ABSTRACTThis paper presents an experimental and numerical investigation of the effects of intumescent coating and nanoparticles on the burning behaviors of flaxboard. Virgin flaxboard samples and those coated with intumescent coatings (with/without nanoparticles) were tested in the cone calorimeter and single burning item (SBI) test. Experimental results show a significant increase in the time to ignition and also a reduction in the heat release rate by the intumescent coatings. In order to explain quantitatively and predict the effects of the intumescent coating, a global fractional factor (the ratio of the heat flux at the interface of the intumescent surface and the char layer of flaxboard to the surface heat flux when there is no intumescent coating layer) was introduced based on analytical solutions for charring materials. The fractional factor for the intumescent coatings was found by comparing predictions to the experimental data in the cone calorimeter test and, subsequently, was incorporated in an upward flame spread model, along with the ignition and thermal properties deduced from the ignition tests, to predict the burning rates in the SBI tests. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
In vivo measurement of bladder wall oxygen saturation using optical spectroscopy
Authors: Amelink Arjen , Kok Dirk J. , Sterenborg Henricus J. C. M. , Scheepe Jeroen R. 
Published: August 2011

AbstractCurrent diagnosis, follow‐up and treatment of patients suffering from bladder dysfunction are mainly symptom‐targeted. A recently recognized cause of continuing bladder function loss is a deteriorated bladder microvasculature. Incorporating this aspect into the clinical diagnostic toolbox may improve treatment results. Recent developments in the field of optical spectroscopy now allow for non‐invasive measurement of microvascular blood oxygen saturation in living tissue. We have recently reported pre‐clinical data that show that this marker can be successfully measured in an animal bladder. In the animal model the marker differentiated bladders with loss of function from those with normal function. In the present paper, we report on the first in vivo measurement of this marker in the human bladder, as proof of principle, in the muscle of bladders with a normal function. (© 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Monitoring blood volume and saturation using superficial fibre optic reflectance spectroscopy during PDT of actinic keratosis
Authors: Middelburg Tom A. , Kanick Stephen C. , de Haas Ellen R. M. , Sterenborg Henricus J. C. M. , Amelink Arjen , Neumann Martino H. A. M. , Robinson Dominic J. 
Published: August 2011

AbstractOptically monitoring the vascular physiology during photodynamic therapy (PDT) may help understand patient‐specific treatment outcome. However, diffuse optical techniques have failed to observe changes herein, probably by optically sampling too deep. Therefore, we investigated using differential path‐length spectroscopy (DPS) to obtain superficial measurements of vascular physiology in actinic keratosis (AK) skin. The AK‐specific DPS interrogation depth was chosen up to 400 microns in depth, based on the thickness of AK histology samples. During light fractionated aminolevulinic acid‐PDT, reflectance spectra were analyzed to yield quantitative estimates of blood volume and saturation. Blood volume showed significant lesion‐specific changes during PDT without a general trend for all lesions and saturation remained high during PDT. This study shows that DPS allows optically monitoring the superficial blood volume and saturation during skin PDT. The patient‐specific variability supports the need for dosimetric measurements. In DPS, the lesion‐specific optimal interrogation depth can be varied based on lesion thickness. (© 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Intense tropical cyclone activities in the northern Indian Ocean
Authors: Hoarau Karl , Bernard Julien , Chalonge Ludovic 
Published: August 2011

AbstractThis research concerning the northern Indian Ocean demonstrates the variability of intense tropical cyclones (categories 3–5) both on an inter‐annual and intra‐seasonal scale. All the cyclones intensity have been re‐analysed with the Dvorak technique using both National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration and geostationary satellites with a 4‐km infrared resolution. During the period from 1980 to 2009, 21 cyclones became intense. The decade from 1990 to 1999 was by far the most active with 11 intense cyclones while 5 intense cyclones formed in each of the other two decades. There has been no trend towards an increase in the number of categories 3–5 cyclones over the last 30 years. An early study, not based on re‐analysed data, found a significant increase in the number of intense cyclones. Thirteen cyclones became intense when the Oceanic Nino Index was negative and matched with lower vertical wind shear. And, La Nina events have had a noticeable influence with eight intense cyclones. The monthly distribution is bimodal with seven and eight cyclones, respectively in the months of May and November. No intense cyclones were observed from July to September, being the peak of the monsoon season. Over these 3 months, the vertical wind shear is too strong to allow a significant intensification of storms. Despite particularly warm ocean waters, only 6% of categories 1–5 cyclones approached their maximum potential intensity. However, extreme intensities (05B at 155 knots in 1999) are comparable to other basins despite lower in terms of activity level. The proximity of land limits most cyclones from reaching a greater intensity. However, 16 of the 21 cyclones reached land with sustained winds of 100 knots and more. India and Bangladesh have been hit frequently by intense cyclones. Since 1990s, there is an increasing hit in Burma and Pakistan. Copyright © 2011 Royal Meteorological Society
APPRAISAL OF SOIL EROSION RISK IN THE EASTERN HIMALAYAN REGION OF INDIA FOR SOIL CONSERVATION PLANNING
Authors: Mandal D. , Sharda V. N. 
Published: August 2011

ABSTRACTManagement practices to minimise soil erosion can be effectively carried out if the magnitude and the spatial distribution of soil erosion risk areas are known. Prioritisation of soil erosion risk areas is a challenging task, especially in the developing countries because of non‐availability of relevant data and analytical tools for such an assessment. As a result, it becomes difficult to establish appropriate soil conservation measures on the risk‐prone areas to reduce soil loss and ensure development of a sustainable management of soil resources. Such a database can be better generated and analysed in a geographical information system (GIS) environment to delineate and prioritise the soil erosion risk areas at state or regional level. Therefore, a methodology was developed to assess the soil erosion risks in eastern Himalayan region by integrating spatial data on prevailing erosion rates and soil loss tolerance limits in GIS environment. By comparing the potential erosion rates with permissible rates, we observed that about 58·94 per cent of total geographical area (TGA) of the region requires different degrees of erosion management and 28·38 per cent of TGA falls under no treatment category because of higher values of permissible erosion limits. It can be successfully applied to assess and prioritise soil erosion risks in any region or country and identify best management practices to bring the erosion losses within the permissible limits. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Mechanical and electron‐transport properties of graphene nanoribbons under tensile strain: A first‐principles study
Authors: Yu Shan‐Sheng , Wang Chun , Zheng Wei‐Tao , Jiang Qing 
Published: August 2011

AbstractWe calculate the mechanical and electron‐transport properties of graphene nanoribbons (GNRs) under uniaxial tensile strain with first‐principles density functional theory. Our calculations reveal that armchair‐ and zigzag‐shaped edges decrease and increase the tensile strength of GNR, respectively. The I–V curve for GNR with armchair edges changes drastically under tensile strain, while the influence of tensile strain on the electron‐transport properties of GNR with zigzag edges is negligible. Our calculations propose one way to design and fabricate nanoscale mechanical sensors and devices based on GNRs.