bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multi time scale optimal dispatch of distribution network considering load demand response
Authors: Li Kaican , Kong Weina , Zhou Ke , Zhang Qiliang , Liu Xueqi 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Considering the uncertainty of wind power output and load as well as the differences in the operating characteristics of various adjustable resources over different time scales, a multitime scale optimal dispatching model based on stochastic optimization and distributed robust optimization is designed for the distribution network. Firstly, the demand response of the user load side is divided into price-based load and incentive-based load, and price elasticity coefficients are introduced to describe it. Then, with the minimum operation cost of the distribution network, the loss cost, and the penalty cost of abandoned wind as the objective function, various active and reactive regulation elements as well as the system power flow formulas are taken as constraints. In the day-ahead and real-time stages, a stochastic optimization method based on scenarios and opportunity constraints is introduced. In the intraday stage, a self-regressive sliding window prediction model is used to predict wind power and load processing, and a Wasserstein distance-based prediction error uncertainty set is established to establish an intraday distributed robust rolling optimization model. The improved IEEE 33-node case is used for simulation verification, and the results show that the model can effectively reduce system costs and improve system operation stability.
A bird droppings flashover analysis method based on the combination of electric field distortion and spatial electric field distribution
Authors: Zhuang Wenbing , Zhang Xiaojun , Liu Wei , Lei Zeyang 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
To study the flashover of air gap caused by bird droppings shorting air gap and the influence of space electric field change on it, the distortion electric field simulation, space electric field simulation, and related flashover test of transmission line bird droppings falling process were carried out. By analyzing the specific influencing factors of bird droppings flashover fault, it is pointed out that the electric field distortion caused by bird droppings will affect the spatial electric field distribution around the insulator and thus affect the air gap flashover. This study analyzes the specific causes of bird dropping flashover of transmission line insulators, reduces the number of bird damage trips of transmission lines, reduces the cost of operation and maintenance of transmission lines, improves the intrinsic safety of transmission lines, and ensures the safe and reliable operation of power grids.
Stochastic optimization scheduling of wind-photovoltaic-storage-hydrogen-water system in independent island zero-carbon microgrid
Authors: Liang Fuguang 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
A stochastic optimal scheduling strategy is being proposed for a wind-photovoltaic-storage-hydrogen-water system within a zero-carbon microgrid for independent islands. This strategy is aimed at addressing the challenge of sustainable energy resource supply prevalent in traditional islands, while also considering the demand response of seawater desalination. In order to harness the clean, low-carbon, and high-efficiency characteristics of hydrogen, an electrolytic water hydrogen production system is integrated into the power system to utilize wind power generation. The desalination equipment is regarded as a controllable load within the system. It is combined with a demand response strategy to maximize the full utilization of the desalination equipment for consuming wind power on the island. Furthermore, a two-stage stochastic optimization method is being employed to handle uncertainties related to wind and photovoltaic generation. The objective is to minimize the system’s operating cost. To solve this optimization problem, the commercial solver CPLEX is being utilized. Through comparative analysis across different scenarios, simulation results indicate that the proposed strategy effectively dissipates uncertainties in wind scenarios while concurrently reducing the overall system operation cost. This approach comprehensively considers the system’s economics, thus demonstrating its potential to efficiently promote wind power consumption.
Research on structural resonance of large axial fan in power plant
Authors: Kang Yu , Ao Jiapeng , Ma Guangyao 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
According to the structural characteristics of the axial fan, the causes of equipment resonance are analyzed. Four reference methods are proposed, including strengthen the structural stiffness, change the exciting frequency, weaken the exciting force, and strengthen the damping. The characteristics of the response treatment measures are discussed. Take the two-stage axial-induced draft fan of a 600 MW unit as an example, the axial resonance problem has been dealt with well by improving the support stiffness and reducing the excitation force. The research results and treatment can provide an experience reference for the analysis and treatment of the resonance problem of large axial fans.
Interval evaluation of wind power prediction based on skew-slash t distribution
Authors: Xin Wang , Zhao Lin Wang , Bo Zhou 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Wind resources have characteristics of stochastic volatility, resulting in wind power forecast errors greatly. The short and medium-term wind power forecast error distribution of the actual wind farm operating system is analyzed, and a sharp peak and thick tail, with heavy tail and skewness characteristics, are presented. A skew-slash t distribution (SST distribution) is proposed to describe the error distribution of short-term wind power prediction, and the parameter estimation is carried out by probability density curve fitting. The fitting results of the wind power forecast error historical data of the Wind power plant based on SST distribution, t distribution, and t Location-slash distribution (TLS distribution) are obtained, and the fitting goodness and prediction accuracy are compared. The results show that the SST distribution can more effectively estimate the wind power prediction interval.
37Ar source on-demand production and deployment for low-energy nuclear recoil measurement in ReD liquid Argon TPC
Authors: Zakhary P. ,   the DarkSide collaboration
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The search for light dark matter (< 10 GeV/c
2) has become increasingly important, since no conclusive evidence has been found in the higher dark matter (DM) mass region. In order to explore this light mass range, it is necessary to accurately model the response of the noble liquid time projection chamber (TPC) detectors, used in many experiments aimed at the direct measurement of DM, to low energy (< 1 keV) nuclear recoils (NRs). In this respect,
37Ar provides an ideal calibration source in the low-energy region due to its two low-energy peaks at 0.27 and 2.82 keV following electron capture with a 35-day half-life. We propose a method to produce
37Ar without chemical or heating treatments by using the 40Ca(n,α)37Ar reaction. This can be achieved by irradiating nano-CaO powder with a neutron source (e.g. AmBe) and allowing the produced 37Ar to diffuse into the argon used inside a double-phase TPC. By measuring the NR yields relative to those two low-energy points in the Recoil Directionality (ReD) experiment, other detectors can be cross-calibrated with the same source deployed. In this talk, the 37Ar source production, its deployment, and preliminary results will be presented.
Enhancement of the DUNE FD1 X-ARAPUCA Photon Detection Efficiency and upgrade of the FD2 Photon Collector
Authors: Cattadori C.M. ,   the DUNE collaboration
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The Photon Detection System (PDS) of the first two DUNE far detectors (FD1 and FD2) is composed of 6000 and 672 photon detection units respectively, named X-Arapuca, of different size and geometry. The PDS will complement and boost the DUNE LArTPC for the detection of non beam events: the prompt light detection will improve their tagging, and at low energies it will enable the trigger and the calorimetry of the supernova neutrinos. The X-Arapuca unit is an assembly of several components: its Photon Detection Efficiency (PDE) depends both on the design of the assembly and on the grade and the coupling of the individual components. The X-Arapuca PDE is the driver of the Photon Detection System sensitivity, that in turn determines the sensitivity of the DUNE physics reach for the detection of core-collapse supernova within the galaxy and for nucleon decay searches. In this work we present an update of the absolute PDE of the FD1 X-Arapuca baseline design, measured in laboratory: 160 units of this are deployed in the scale 1:20 FD1 prototype hosted in the NP04 cryostat at the CERN neutrino platform. Further we show how to change the baseline design of the FD1 X-Arapuca, allowing to double its PDE. Finally we review a few selected features of the photon collector of the sixteen FD2 X-Arapuca recently deployed for the FD2 scale 1:20 prototype at CERN in the NP02 cryostat, and of the last six units that integrate the latest advancements.
A compact breath breathalyzer for identifying the non-alcoholic fatty liver disease biomarker
Authors: Wang D.Z. , Hua X.Y. , Hu G.Q. , Wang Z.H. , Yan F.F. , Zhang K.N. , Cheng C. , Li S.B. , Wu X.Y. , Wang H.R. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a prevalent
chronic liver disease worldwide. Currently, its diagnosis relies
primarily on imaging and histological examinations, which are
invasive and prone to misdiagnosis in the early stage. To address
these limitations, detection and analysis of volatile organic
compounds (VOCs) in human breath can be a rapid and non-invasive
screening method for NAFLD. In this study, a compact breath
breathalyzer was developed, utilizing a miniaturized gas
chromatography chip with the STM32 microcontroller as the main
control chip to manage airflow, temperature, and receive terminal
signals from the photoionization detector. In the experiment, a gas
mixture comprising five VOCs (pentane, acetone, toluene, octane, and
decane) was selected as the simulated typical disease biomarkers in
human breath to investigate the breathalyzer's performance and
optimize testing conditions for multi-polar and wide-boiling-range
breath samples. Results show that the breathalyzer can detect
low-boiling components (< 100°C) such as the isoprene and
acetone, with a detection limit less than 50 ppb which are two
commonly biomarkers of NAFLD. Furthermore, breath samples were
collected from 35 non-diseased individuals, and NAFLD early-stage
patient samples were simulated by increasing the isoprene
concentration by 10 ppb. Convolutional neural network (CNN) were
used to identify the VOC signatures in gas chromatograms with
predictive accuracy of 85% for the classification model. Therefore,
the compact breath breathalyzer has potential application in the
rapid and early screening of NAFLD.
A thermionic electron gun to characterize silicon drift detectors with electrons
Authors: Urban K. , Biassoni M. , Carminati M. , Edzards F. , Fiorini C. , Forstner C. , Lechner P. , Nava A. , Siegmann D. , Spreng D. , Mertens S. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The TRISTAN detector is a new detector for electron
spectroscopy at the Karlsruhe Tritium Neutrino (KATRIN) experiment.
The semiconductor detector utilizes the silicon drift detector
technology and will enable the precise measurement of the entire
tritium β-decay electron spectrum. Thus, a significant
fraction of the parameter space of potential neutrino mass
eigenstates in the keV-mass regime can be probed. We developed a
custom electron gun based on the effect of thermionic emission to
characterize the TRISTAN detector modules with mono-energetic
electrons before installation into the KATRIN beamline. The
electron gun provides an electron beam with up to 25 keV kinetic
energy and an electron rate in the order of 105 electrons per
second. This manuscript gives an overview of the design and
commissioning of the electron gun. In addition, we will shortly
discuss a first measurement with the electron gun to characterize
the electron response of the TRISTAN detector.
Hadamard transformation based frequency response mismatch calibration for a 4-channel TIADC
Authors: Qian Lei , Zheng Yanze , Mei Sitao , Sun Sicheng , Xu Huiya , Guo Lianping , Zhao Yijiu 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The time-interleaved analog-to-digital converter (TIADC) is
one of the most effective solutions for improving the sampling rate
of acquisition systems. However, the frequency response mismatch
between channels can seriously degrade the performance of the
system. In this paper, we propose a calibration method for frequency
response mismatches in 4-channel TIADC systems. Following the
construction of a four-channel TIADC model using a four-order
Hadamard matrix, the error signals were extracted using three
time-invariant filters and subsequently subtracted from the output
to complete the calibration. It uses the Hadamard transform instead
of the complex exponential modulator used in conventional
time-varying filter methods, which can further simplify the signal
processing without the necessity of complicated calculations. We
have employed a stimulated four-channel TIADC system to validate the
effectiveness of the proposed calibration technique. Moreover, in a
commercial 12.5 GSPS four-channel TIADC system, it is also
demonstrated that this approach is effective in improving the
spurious-free dynamic range of the system.
A novel generation design dipole magnet power supply of booster to storage ring transport line in NSRRC
Authors: Wong Yong-Seng , Liu Kuo-Bin , Liu Chen-Yao , Wang Bao-Sheng , Huang Jhao-Cyuan 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The Taiwan Light Source (TLS) is a synchrotron radiation
facility located in Taiwan. The booster ring at TLS injects
electrons into the storage ring, which then circulates the electrons
to produce synchrotron radiation for various experiments. The Taiwan
Light Source (TLS) has been in service for more than 20 years, and
some of the power supplies used in the facility are old and hard to
maintain repair and the component are phase-out. The upgrade is
specifically aimed at replacing the power supply for the BTS
(Booster to Storage ring) transmission line with a new
machine. During the regular shunt down time, dipole magnet power
supply replacements were completed. The main reason for using the
Chroma 62075H-30E power supply is commonality, for this machine is
widely used in Taiwan Photon Source (TPS), and the output current of
the power supply is paralleled to a dipole magnet. Therefore, a
total of 17 power supplies are used in this upgrade planned to be
executed. This novel generation upgrade design is important because
the power supply for the BTS transmission line is critical for the
operation of the facility, as it is responsible for maintaining the
electron beam at a stable energy level as it is injected from the
booster ring into the storage ring. A more reliable and efficient
power supply can help improve the stability and quality of the
electron beam, leading to better experimental results and more
efficient use of the facility. Overall, this novel generation
upgrade design is part of the ongoing effort to modernize and
improve the infrastructure of the TLS, ensuring that it remains a
state-of-the-art research facility for years to come.
A novel framework for the assessment of hydro-meteorological risks taking into account nature-based solutions
Authors: Brogno L , Barbano F , Leo L S , Di Sabatino S 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The growing exposure to hydro-meteorological hazards translates into increasing risks for people, territories, and ecosystems. The frequency of occurrence and magnitude of these hazards are expected to further increase in the next decades urging tangible decisions to reduce anthropogenic climate change and adapt to the risks to be faced. In this context, risk assessment is an essential tool for becoming aware of dangers and taking countermeasures. This paper proposes a novel predictive, yet holistic, framework that allows to take into account multiple risks classified according to six research fields, i.e. healthcare, society, ecosystem, heritage, infrastructure, and agriculture. Each contribution to the overall risk is evaluated in terms of economic losses and carbon-dioxide emissions that in turn affect adaptation ability and contribute to exacerbating climate change. Both economic losses and emissions are estimated as a cost per day to support political decision-making processes. In this regard, the framework integrates the effects of adaptation and mitigation strategies to include societal capacities to cope with hazards and respond to their potential consequences. As a guideline, this study reports a preliminary investigation of a heatwave event over a portion of Bologna Province (Italy) concluding that the current use of air-conditioning systems is not sustainable leading to a huge amount of losses. The novel framework can be adopted in future studies for selecting more cost-effective strategies as expected for Nature-based Solutions (NbS). The framework can indeed stand as a tool for estimating the local impact of NbS in the current or future climate scenarios.
Spatial synchrony, temporal clustering and dominant driver of streamflow droughts in Peninsular India
Authors: Sharma Shailza , Mujumdar P P 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Understanding the spatio-temporal evolution of streamflow droughts and their relationship with potential causative processes is critical for effective drought management. This study assesses spatial synchrony and temporal clustering of streamflow droughts in six major river basins of Peninsular India. The importance of baseflow, rainfall deficits, soil moisture deficits and high temperatures in triggering streamflow droughts is also investigated to identify the dominant driver during the period 1981–2015. Spatial synchrony of streamflow droughts is investigated using multivariate Ripley’s K function and temporal clustering is evaluated using univariate Ripley’s K at various timescales. The interactions of streamflow droughts with potential causative processes are investigated using event coincidence analysis. At regional scale, streamflow droughts in peninsular catchments show strong spatial synchrony even at longer timescales. However, at basin scale, droughts in the catchments show strong spatial synchrony only at smaller timescales, behave independently of each other and achieve asynchrony with time, especially at longer timescales. Streamflow droughts show the strongest temporal clustering at smaller timescales and the strength of clustering decreases after a 3 year timescale. Rainfall deficits primarily control streamflow droughts in Peninsular India at a range of lags, except just before the onset of drought events where baseflow dominates. In addition, trigger coincidence rates of baseflow are lower than rainfall deficits but higher than soil moisture deficits and high temperatures at longer time lags.
Probing the structural, magneto-electronic, thermophysical, and thermoelectric properties of vanadium-based V2MnZ (Z = As, Ga) Heusler alloy: a computational assessment
Authors: Sharma Shruti , Ghosh Sukirti , Gupta Dinesh C 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The structural, magneto-electronic, thermophysical and thermoelectric properties of vanadium-based V2MnZ (Z = As, Ga) alloys have been investigated using density functional theory simulation scheme and semiclassical Boltzmann transport methods. First of all, the structural characterization has been performed in ferromagnetic and non-magnetic states which signifies that both the alloys crystallized in C1b type structure with space group F-43m. We also computed the various thermodynamical parameters such as heat capacity (Cv), Debye temperature (θ
D), and grüneisen parameter (γ) of these materials, with the help of quasi-harmonic approximation (QHA) at pressures ranging from 0 to 20 GPa and temperatures ranging from 0 to 900 K. We have used the Boltzmann transport theory with the constant relaxation approximation as a basis for calculating various thermoelectric coefficients such as the Seebeck coefficient, power factor, total thermal conductivity and figure of merit. The efficient half-metallicity and thermoelectric responses contribute to spintronics and green energy harvesting technology.
Effective brain connectivity related to non-painful thermal stimuli using EEG
Authors: Santos Cuevas Diana Carolina , Campos Ruiz Roberto Esteban , Collina Denny Daniel , Tierra Criollo Carlos Julio 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Understanding the brain response to thermal stimuli is crucial in the sensory experience. This study focuses on non-painful thermal stimuli, which are sensations induced by temperature changes without causing discomfort. These stimuli are transmitted to the central nervous system through specific nerve fibers and are processed in various regions of the brain, including the insular cortex, the prefrontal cortex, and anterior cingulate cortex. Despite the prevalence of studies on painful stimuli, non-painful thermal stimuli have been less explored. This research aims to bridge this gap by investigating brain functional connectivity during the perception of non-painful warm and cold stimuli using electroencephalography (EEG) and the partial directed coherence technique (PDC). Our results demonstrate a clear contrast in the direction of information flow between warm and cold stimuli, particularly in the theta and alpha frequency bands, mainly in frontal and temporal regions. The use of PDC highlights the complexity of brain connectivity during these stimuli and reinforces the existence of different pathways in the brain to process different types of non-painful warm and cold stimuli.
Inert structural transition in 4H and 6H SiC at high pressure and temperature: a Raman spectroscopy study
Authors: Maitani Shuhou , Sinmyo Ryosuke , Ishii Takayuki , Yoza Kenji 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
We conducted Raman spectroscopy measurements of 4H-SiC and 6H-SiC up to 69 GPa and 1023 K to assess the stability and bonding of SiC at high pressure and temperature. Both optic and acoustic modes were observed at wide pressure and temperature ranges. The temperature shifts of the Raman frequencies were fitted by the equation with the Bose–Einstein distribution function, and we found that the shifts were almost insensitive to the pressure. The mode Grüneisen coefficients weakly depend on the pressure and temperature, suggesting the sluggish transition of the crystal structure, unlike the previous experiments showing the transition or decomposition of SiC at high pressure and temperature conditions. Inert transitions are confirmed by Raman measurements and annealing experiments using multiple high-pressure apparatuses. The crystallinity may be a hidden critical parameter in the experiments to determine the stable polytypes of SiC under high pressure and temperature.