bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The impact of laryngeal disorders on work‐related dysfunction
Authors: Cohen Seth M. , Kim Jaewhan , Roy Nelson , Asche Carl , Courey Mark 
Published: May 2012

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:To determine the short‐term disability (STD) and lost work productivity related to laryngeal disorders.Study Design:A retrospective analysis of a national database of work absence and STD claims was performed.Methods:Patients with 12 months of follow‐up who had an STD claim specifically linked to a dysphonia diagnosis based on ICD‐9 codes were identified during the period of January 1, 2004, to December 31, 2008. Patient age, sex, and diagnosis and the total number of work days absent were determined. Using the mean national hourly wage, productivity losses in terms of lost wages were calculated.Results:Of the 18,466 unique patients with an STD claim, 386 (2.1%) had an STD claim due to a laryngeal disorder. The mean age was 45.9 years (standard deviation, 9.6) with 53.2% male. The mean number of work days absent was 39.2 days (95% confidence interval: 31.9–46.5). Total STD payments in 2008 dollars were $647,269.30 with a mean per person in 12 months of $3,406.68. Total and mean lost wages in 12 months were $843,198.72 and $4,437.89, respectively. Patients with laryngeal cancer had the most days absent and highest total STD payment.Conclusions:Laryngeal disorders lead to work‐related disability with STD and productivity losses and represent a significant societal burden. Managing work limitations from laryngeal disorders is an important public health goal. Laryngoscope, 2012
Cochlear implantation in children with postlingual hearing loss
Authors: Ahmad Faisal I. , DeMason Christine E. , Teagle Holly F.B. , Henderson Lillian , Adunka Oliver F. , Buchman Craig A. 
Published: May 2012

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:Although it is clear that early auditory stimulation through cochlear implantation (CI) has been shown to improve speech and language development trajectories for children with prelingual hearing loss, data supporting implantation in postlingual children are mostly lacking. The purpose of this study was to characterize speech perception abilities following CI in a group of children with previously well‐developed language abilities.Study Design:Retrospective analysis.Methods:Twenty‐eight hearing‐impaired children who received CIs were selected for study based on the presence of well‐developed spoken language skills before implantation. Fifteen children with prelingual hearing loss served as a control group. Speech perception skills were assessed using developmentally appropriate measures.Results:Children with postlingual hearing loss showed a statistically significant improvement in open‐set speech perception scores as early as 6 months following CI, whereas prelingual children demonstrated significant improvements only after 24 months of use. Despite these early disparities in performance, the two groups were similar 36 months after implantation and beyond (60 months of implant use).Conclusions:Children with well‐developed language abilities before CI showed substantial (and statistically significant) early improvements in open‐set speech perception abilities following implantation that continued beyond 2 years of follow‐up. These results suggest that postlingual children are excellent candidates for CI. Laryngoscope, 2012
High Power Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Laser Systems
Authors: Moench Holger , Grabherr Martin , Pankert Joseph , Pruijmboom Ir. Armand 
Published: May 2012

AbstractSystems with arrays of VCSELs can realize multi kilowatt output power. The inherent simplicity of VCSELs enables a performance and cost breakthrough in solutions for thermal processing and the pumping of solid state lasers. Wafer‐level integrated micro‐optics facilitates tailoring intensity distributions to the precise needs of the application. The basic technology and illustrative prototype systems are described in this article, which introduces this new alternative to classical high power laser diodes.
Laser Welding of Polymers
Authors: Olowinsky Alexander , Rösner Andreas 
Published: May 2012

AbstractFor many applications especially in electronics laser welding but also in medical device manufacturing is the dominating joining technology. The main advantages are the non‐contact and vibration‐free energy input, the precise control of the deposited energy and thus the related reproducibility and low thermal load of the parts. The decreasing costs for laser source and beam guiding system are enhancing these advantages and make laser welding even more competitive compared to other joining technologies.
Mikołaj Kruszewski: Theory and Vision (Part Two)†
Authors: Silverman Daniel 
Published: May 2012

AbstractAlthough it prefigures many advances in linguistic theory, the scholarship of nineteenth century scholar Mikołaj Kruszewski is today largely forgotten. In these papers I hope to rectify this situation somewhat by introducing Kruszewski’s insights to modern discourse on phonology. In addition to a detailed summary of Kruszewski’s major work, An Outline of Linguistic Science (Očerk Nauki O Jazyke) (1883), I place his work in the context of subsequent (mostly post‐war) approaches to language structure. Some of Kruszewski’s major insights include (1) the arbitrary relationship between sound and meaning, (2) the non‐teleological nature of the linguistic system, (3) the generative or creative character of language, (4) the connectionist organization of the lexicon, and (5) the optimality‐theoretic‐esque proposal that linguistic systems may be analyzed as the product of pressures and constraints in inherent conflict with one another. This, Part Two of a two‐part presentation, considers the second five chapters of Kruszewski’s ten‐chapter book.
Composition of quasiconformal mappings and functions in Triebel‐Lizorkin spaces
Authors: Hencl Stanislav , Koskela Pekka 
Published: May 2012

AbstractLet α > 0 and p ∈ [1, ∞) satisfy αp ≤ n. Suppose that f: Rn → Rn is a K‐quasiconformal mapping and let u ∈ Wα, p(Rn) have compact support. We find an optimal value of β = β(α, K, n) such that u○f ∈ Wβ, p(Rn). We also give an answer to the analogous problem where we moreover assume that u is bounded.
A New Approach to the Dore —Venni Theorem
Authors: Monniaux Sylvie 
Published: May 2012

AbstractThe present paper works out the link between the Dore‐Venni theorem and the theory of analytic generators developped by I. Ciornescu and L. Zsid. The main result is an inverse theorem: on an UMD‐Banach space, analytic generators of C0‐groups and operators with bounded imaginary powers are the same. The maximal regularity theorem of G. Dore and A. Venni appears as a corollary of this fact.
Parallel Algorithm for 3D SCF Simulation of Copolymers With Flexible and Rigid Blocks
Authors: Kriksin Yury A. , Khalatur Pavel G. 
Published: May 2012

AbstractNumerical SCFT simulations of inhomogeneous polymers at the mesoscale can easily become computationally extremely demanding as the size (spatial resolution) of the simulated 3D system increases, making massively parallel computing a necessity. A new parallel algorithm for large‐scale 3D SCFT simulations of rod‐coil copolymers with interplay between microphase separation and orientational ordering is presented. For large systems, this algorithm scales well up to 1024 processors, achieving more than 200‐fold speedups. While existing SCFT simulations were limited to studying 1D and 2D models, this algorithm is applied to new, intrinsic 3D structures such as a hexagonally arranged columnar morphology that possesses macroscopic chirality arising as a result of spontaneous symmetry breaking. magnified image
A Fast Method to Compute the MSD and MWD of Polymer Populations Formed by Step‐Growth Polymerization of Polyfunctional Monomers With Identical Reactive Groups
Authors: Hillegers L. Tom , Blokhuis Aart , Slot Johan J. M. 
Published: May 2012

AbstractA fast method is presented for the calculation of the MSD and the MWD of polymers obtained via step‐growth polymerization of polyfunctional monomers bearing identical reactive groups (i.e., systems of type “Afi”). Using this method, the complete distribution can be calculated rapidly, not just the statistical averages of the polymer population such as $\overline {M} _{{\rm n}} $ or $\overline {M} _{{\rm w}} $. The computed MSD and MWD give more insight than these averages and can be compared to similar data measured on actual polymer systems. The low‐ and intermediate molecular size/weight part of the distribution curves are calculated using a recurrence scheme, while the high‐molecular tail (large and very large polymers) of the distributions is derived from an asymptotic approximation of the associated generating functions.magnified image
Debaryomyces hansenii strains differ in their production of flavor compounds in a cheese‐surface model
Authors: Gori Klaus , Sørensen Louise Marie , Petersen Mikael Agerlin , Jespersen Lene , Arneborg Nils 
Published: May 2012

AbstractFlavor production among 12 strains of Debaryomyces hansenii when grown on a simple cheese model mimicking a cheese surface was investigated by dynamic headspace sampling followed by gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry. The present study confirmed that D. hansenii possess the ability to produce important cheese flavor compounds, primarily branched‐chain aldehydes and alcohols, and thus important for the final cheese flavor. Quantification of representative aldehydes (2‐Methylpropanal, 3‐Methylbutanal) and alcohols (2‐Methyl‐1‐propanol, 3‐Methyl‐1‐butanol, and 3‐Methyl‐3‐buten‐1‐ol) showed that the investigated D. hansenii strains varied significantly with respect to production of these flavor compounds. Contrary to the alcohols (2‐Methyl‐1‐propanol, 3‐Methyl‐1‐butanol, and 3‐Methyl‐3‐buten‐1‐ol), the aldehydes (2‐Methylpropanal, 3‐Methylbutanal) were produced by the D. hansenii strains in concentrations higher than their sensory threshold values, and thus seemed more important than alcohols for cheese flavor. These results show that D. hansenii strains may have potential to be applied as cultures for increasing the nutty/malty flavor of cheese due to their production of aldehydes. However, due to large strain variations, production of flavor compounds has to be taken into consideration for selection of D. hansenii strains as starter cultures for cheese production.
Endocrine disrupting chemicals promote the growth of ovarian cancer cells via the ER‐CXCL12‐CXCR4 signaling axis
Authors: Hall Julie M. , Korach Kenneth S. 
Published: May 2012

AbstractThe majority of ovarian cancers over‐express the estrogen receptor (ERα) and grow in response to estrogens. We previously demonstrated that ER induction of the chemokine CXCL12 (stromal cell‐derived factor‐1) is required for estradiol (E2)‐stimulated proliferation of human ovarian carcinoma cells. In the current study, we report that known “endocrine disrupting chemicals” (EDCs) display mitogenic activities in ovarian cancer cells via their ability to activate the ER and upregulate CXCL12 expression. Notably, the EDCs genistein, bisphenol A and HPTE stimulated both cell proliferation and induction of CXCL12 mRNA and protein in a manner comparable to estradiol. The effects were completely attenuated by the ER antagonist ICI 182,780, revealing that observed activities of these agents were receptor‐mediated. In cell proliferation assays, the mitogenic effects of estradiol and EDCs were obviated by siRNAs targeting CXCL12 and restored upon addition of exogenous CXCL12. Furthermore, an inhibitor to the CXCL12 receptor CXCR4 completely attenuated growth‐stimulatory effects of E2 and EDCs. These studies highlight a potential role of EDCs possessing estrogenic activities in the etiology of ovarian cancer. Moreover, they suggest that the ER‐CXCL12‐CXCR4 signaling axis may represent a promising target for development of therapeutics for ER+ ovarian cancers. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Depression and quality of life in monogenic compared to idiopathic, early‐onset Parkinson's disease
Authors: Kasten Meike , Kertelge Lena , Tadic Vera , Brüggemann Norbert , Schmidt Alexander , van der Vegt Joyce , Siebner Hartwig , Buhmann Carsten , Lencer Rebekka , Kumar Kishore R. , Lohmann Katja , Hagenah Johann , Klein Christine 
Published: May 2012

AbstractQuality of life (QoL) is decreased in PD and is linked with depression and anxiety. However, little is known about QoL in monogenic PD. Subjects with mutations in PD genes were recruited from ongoing family and genetic studies (manifesting carriers, n = 23; nonmanifesting carriers, n = 19). For comparison purposes, we included patients with idiopathic PD (IPD; n = 128; early onset, n = 38; late onset, n = 90), healthy controls (n = 127), and data on depressive symptoms of 144 patients with major depression (treated controls). Depression affected 31% of early‐onset PD cases, 21% of late‐onset cases, and 44% of manifesting carriers of mutations in PD genes, but was rare in the nonmanifesting carriers (7%) and healthy controls (5%). Subjects with Parkinson‐associated depression reported fewer feelings of guilt or self‐doubt than treated controls, but the occurrence of suicidal ideation was associated with severity of depression only. Social phobia (P = 0.018) and agoraphobia (P = 0.059) were more common in manifesting carriers than in any other group. QoL was decreased in the Parkinson groups, particularly in the early‐onset cases (P < 0.001), and QoL correlated with depression in all analyses. In our study, monogenic and IPD cases were comparable in QoL and depression characteristics. The QoL and, possibly, overall prognosis of all PD patients can be improved by appropriate attention and treatment for depression, sleep impairments, and anxiety, even if the treatment of the motor problems cannot be further optimized. © 2012 Movement Disorder Society
Is alpha‐synuclein in the colon a biomarker for premotor Parkinson's Disease? Evidence from 3 cases
Authors: Shannon Kathleen M. , Keshavarzian Ali , Dodiya Hemraj B. , Jakate Shriram , Kordower Jeffrey H. 
Published: May 2012

AbstractBackground: Despite clinicopathological evidence that Parkinson's disease (PD) may begin in peripheral tissues, identification of premotor Parkinson's disease is not yet possible. Alpha‐synuclein aggregation underlies Parkinson's disease pathology, and its presence in peripheral tissues may be a reliable disease biomarker. Objective: We sought evidence of alpha‐synuclein pathology in colonic tissues before the development of characteristic Parkinson's disease motor symptoms. Methods: Old colon biopsy samples were available for three subjects with PD. Biopsies were obtained 2‐5 years before PD onset. We performed immunohistochemistry studies for the presence of alpha‐synuclein and Substance P in these samples. Results: All subjects showed immunostaining for alpha‐synuclein (two, five and two years before first motor Parkinson's disease symptom). No similar alpha‐synuclein immunostaining was seen in 23 healthy controls. Staining of samples for substance P suggested colocalization of alpha‐synuclein and substance P in perikarya and neurites. Conclusions: This is the first demonstration of alpha‐synuclein in colon tissue prior to onset of PD. Additional study is required to determine whether colonic mucosal biopsy may be a biomarker of premotor PD. © 2012 Movement Disorder Society
Prospective Prediction of Antitarget Activity by Matched Molecular Pairs Analysis
Authors: Warner Daniel J. , Bridgland‐Taylor Matthew H. , Sefton Clare E. , Wood David J. 
Published: May 2012

AbstractMatched molecular pairs analysis (MMPA)1,2 is an inverse quantitative structure activity relationship (QSAR) technique that is rapidly gaining popularity in the retrospective analysis of large experimental datasets.3,4 While much of the recent focus has been on the differences in properties between structurally related groups of existing compounds, attempts to extend this methodology to the de‐novo design of novel structures have been limited. To our knowledge the aggregate effect of multiple transformations, all suggesting the same molecular structure, has only ever being considered within a very limited dataset.5 We therefore sought to test this exciting new approach to the design (and absolute property prediction – effectively QSAR‐by‐MMPA) of novel chemical entities based on a larger, more diverse dataset, and couple these designs to MMPA‐based predictions of antitarget activity.
A framework of robust fault estimation observer design for continuous‐time/discrete‐time systems
Authors: Zhang Ke , Jiang Bin , Cocquempot Vincent , Zhang Huaguang 
Published: May 2012

SUMMARYA design framework of the observer‐based robust fault estimation for continuous‐time/discrete‐time systems is presented in this paper. Firstly, a multiconstrained fault estimation observer under the H∞ performance specification with the regional pole constraint is proposed to achieve robust fault estimation. Then, the existence conditions for both continuous‐time/discrete‐time systems are derived explicitly. Furthermore, by introducing slack variables, improved results on the multiconstrained fault estimation observer design are obtained such that different Lyapunov functions can be separately designed for each constraint. Finally, simulation results of a vertical takeoff and landing aircraft are presented to illustrate our contributions. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Translokationen des MLL‐Gens
Authors: Marschalek Rolf 
Published: May 2012

AbstractEine besondere Form von Leukämie‐Erkrankung wird durch eine chromosomale Translokation des MLL‐Gens (11q23) charakterisiert. Das normale MLL‐Gen kodiert für ein nukleäres Protein, das eine wesentliche Rolle bei Differenzierung und Organbildung spielt. Es vermittelt wichtige epigenetische Eigenschaften, indem es Gewebe‐spezifische Promotoren aktiviert und die Transkription dieser aktivierten Gene aufrechterhält.
Stammzelltransplantation bei akuten Leukämien
Authors: Klingebiel Thomas , Bader Peter 
Published: May 2012

AbstractDie akute lymphatische Leukämie (ALL) des Kindesalters ist eine Erkrankung, bei der die Wahrscheinlichkeit des Überlebens (pOS = overall survival) heute um 0,85 und die Wahrscheinlichkeit des ereignisfreien Überlebens (pEFS = event free survival) 0,78 beträgt; solche Daten werden nicht nur von der BFM‐Gruppe, sondern auch von der St. Jude Group berichtet.
Fitness für Couch‐Potatoes?
Authors: Zündorf Ilse , Dingermann Theo 
Published: May 2012

AbstractKürzlich wurde über ein neues Hormon mit dem schönen Namen Irisin in Nature berichtet, das den gleichen Effekt macht, wie stundenlanges Training im Fitness‐Studio. Könnte ein entsprechendes Mimetikum endlich die ultimative Lösung für alle übergewichtigen Sportmuffel sein?
Use of multiple sources and capture–recapture method to estimate the frequency of hospitalizations related to drug abuse
Authors: Jouanjus Emilie , Pourcel Laure , Saivin Sylvie , Molinier Laurent , Lapeyre‐Mestre Maryse 
Published: May 2012

ABSTRACTPurposeAddictive behaviours are often associated with hidden characteristics that are difficult to detect by usual approaches. This study aimed to estimate the incidence of serious drug‐related complications by using the capture–recapture method in defined geographical area.MethodsHospitalizations with mention of disorders related to drug of abuse were considered serious drug‐related complications. We searched these cases in and crossed three sources of data: spontaneous reports of drug of abuse–related disorders called NotS (‘Notification Spontanee’) collected by the regional addictovigilance centre, computerised hospital database Programme de Medicalisation des Systemes d'Information (PMSI) and toxicological analyses (TA) carried out for hospitalized patients.ResultsIn 2007 and 2008, 1509 distinct cases were captured. After data modelling, the estimated number of psychoactive drug–related hospitalizations was 4744 (95%CI = 4060–5429). Most frequent products were opioids (34%), cannabis (19%) and cocaine (13%). ‘Multiple drugs’ were observed in 26% of cases. The incidence of serious drug‐related complications in the area covered should be estimated at 5.7 (95%CI = 5.5–5.9) per thousand 15‐ to 64‐year‐old inhabitants. The exhaustiveness of sources were 0.4% (95%CI = 0.2–0.6) for NotS, 11.6% (95%CI = 10.7–12.5) for TA and 22.6% (95%CI = 21.4–23.8) for PMSI.ConclusionsThe ‘real’ number of cases far exceeds that of cases that can be identified through simple counts. In particular, it confirms the underreporting and even quantifies its magnitude. These results confirm that drug users are frequently hospitalised and require heavy medical management. Moreover, these results show the real although limited advantage of hospitalization database in detecting drug associated disorders in epidemiological studies. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Algorithms to estimate the beginning of pregnancy in administrative databases
Authors: Margulis Andrea V. , Setoguchi Soko , Mittleman Murray A. , Glynn Robert J. , Dormuth Colin R. , Hernández‐Díaz Sonia 
Published: May 2012

ABSTRACTPurposeThe role of administrative databases for research on drug safety during pregnancy can be limited by their inaccurate assessment of the timing of exposure, as the gestational age at birth is typically unavailable. Therefore, we sought to develop and validate algorithms to estimate the gestational age at birth using information available in these databases.MethodsUsing a population‐based cohort of 286,432 mother–child pairs in British Columbia (1998–2007), we validated an ICD‐9/10‐based preterm‐status indicator and developed algorithms to estimate the gestational age at birth on the basis of this indicator, maternal age, singleton/multiple status, and claims for routine prenatal care tests. We assessed the accuracy of the algorithm‐based estimates relative to the gold standard of the clinical gestational age at birth recorded in the delivery discharge record.ResultsThe preterm‐status indicator had specificity and sensitivity of 98% and 91%, respectively. Estimates from an algorithm that assigned 35 weeks of gestational age at birth to deliveries with the preterm‐status indicator and 39 weeks to those without them were within 2 weeks of the clinical gestational age at birth in 75% of preterm and 99% of term deliveries.ConclusionsSubtracting 35 weeks (245 days) from the date of birth in deliveries with codes for preterm birth and 39 weeks (273 days) in those without them provided the optimal estimate of the beginning of pregnancy among the algorithms studied. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.