bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Art Loans and Immunity from Seizure in the United States and the United Kingdom
Authors: Kaye Lawrence M. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractSome countries' laws favoring good-faith purchasers over the victims of theft make it difficult to recover stolen artworks. Nonetheless, the loan of such artworks for exhibition abroad may create opportunities to utilize the host country's legal system for recovery. This article examines representative cases illustrating legal options available to plaintiffs in the United States and the United Kingdom. In the United States, laws at the federal and state level may prevent the seizure of artworks loaned for temporary exhibition, but recent cases show that immunity is not absolute and that such artworks may be subject to suit in the United States. The United Kingdom recently enacted a similar law. That law, however, has been criticized, and future interpretations by U.K. courts will be needed before its true affect can be seen. The article also discusses the backgrounds against which the U.S. and U.K. laws were enacted, illustrating the link between the laws and Russian concerns about protecting cultural artifacts that were nationalized after the Russian Revolution or taken by Soviet troops during World War II.
Fourteen degrees of latitude and a continent apart: comparison of lichen activity over two years at continental and maritime Antarctic sites
Authors: Schroeter Burkhard , Green T.G. Allan , Pannewitz Stefan , Schlensog Mark , Sancho Leopoldo G. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThere are marked declines in precipitation, mean temperatures and the number of lichen species with increasing latitude in Antarctica. However, it is not known which factors are the predominant controllers of biodiversity changes. Results are presented from over two years of almost continuous monitoring of both microclimate and activity in lichens at Livingston Island, South Shetland Islands, 62°S, and Botany Bay, Ross Sea region, 77°S. Lichen activity was evident over a much longer period at Livingston Island, (3694 versus 897 hours) and could occur in any month whereas it was almost completely confined to the period November–February at Botany Bay. Mean air temperatures were much lower at Botany Bay (-18° compared to -1.5°C at Livingston Island), but the temperatures at which the lichens were active were almost identical at around 2°C at both sites. When the lichens were active incident light at Botany Bay was very much higher. The differences are related to the availability of meltwater which only occurs at times of high light and warm temperatures at Botany Bay. Temperature as a direct effect does not seem to explain the differences in biodiversity between the sites, but an indirect effect through active hours is much more probable. In addition there are negative effects of stresses such as high light and extreme winter cold at Botany Bay.
Introits and ingressae – Milan and Rome: the elaboration of chant melodies, the operation of musical memory
Authors: Bailey Terence 
Published: September 2010

ABSTRACTAlthough it has always been plain to see that the Milanese and Roman Mass shared many texts, that the melodies were also shared has gone largely unnoticed, or at any rate undemonstrated, except in the special case of the few offertory chants with wider concordances in Franco-Roman, Milanese and Visigothic books. This article takes up the particular case of the Roman and Milanese entrance antiphons: first, the circumstances of the importation of the Roman introits into the Ambrosian Mass; and, second, the precise relationship of the Ambrosian and Franco-Roman (Gregorian) melodies. It has long been understood that chants of the Old Roman repertory provide a firm basis for an understanding of the changes, inevitable over time, in an orally transmitted repertory. It emerges that the Ambrosian melodies, transcribed in neumes in about the middle of the eleventh century, offer a second opportunity for a sondage. This other, unsuspected, version of the chants, miraculously preserved and stabilised north of the Alps in the ninth and tenth centuries also allows for convincing demonstrations of the musical procedures employed in the elaboration of the melodies and in their adaptation to different texts. And not least, the isolation of what is shared between versions notated at a distance of centuries give us the basis of an objective estimation of the effectiveness of musical memory in a musical culture that did not rely on notation.
The manifestation of musical time in Italian ballatas around 1400: the case of Andrea da Firenze'sNon più doglie ebbe Dido
Authors: Rotter-Broman Signe 
Published: September 2010

ABSTRACTThe changes in time perception that emerged in the late Middle Ages have not only left their mark on musical notation or the isorhythmic motet, but also on the composition of polyphonic songs. This article proposes an analytical approach to late Trecento songs that takes these changes into account. A case study of Andrea da Firenze's ballataNon più doglie ebbe Didoreveals how the temporal structures of the text and the music interact.
Monitoring of heart failure: comparison of left atrial pressure with intrathoracic impedance and natriuretic peptide measurements in an experimental model of ovine heart failure
Authors: Rademaker Miriam T. , Charles Christopher J. , Melton Iain C. , Richards A. Mark , Frampton Christopher M. , Siou Jeff , Qu Fujian , Eigler Neal L. , Gutfinger Dan , Troughton Richard W. 
Published: September 2010

Monitoring of HF (heart failure) with intracardiac pressure, intrathoracic impedance and/or natriuretic peptide levels has been advocated. We aimed to investigate possible differences in the response patterns of each of these monitoring modalities during HF decompensation that may have an impact on the potential for early therapeutic intervention. Six sheep were implanted with a LAP (left atrial pressure) sensor and a CRT-D (cardiac resynchronization therapy defibrillator) capable of monitoring impedance along six lead configuration vectors. An estimate of ALAP (LAP from admittance) was determined by linear regression. HF was induced by rapid ventricular pacing at 180 and 220 bpm (beats/min) for a week each, followed by a third week with daily pacing suspensions for increasing durations (1–5 h). Incremental pacing induced progressively severe HF reflected in increases in LAP (5.9 ± 0.4 to 24.5 ± 1.6 mmHg) and plasma atrial (20 ± 3 to 197 ± 36 pmol/l) and B-type natriuretic peptide (3.7 ± 0.7 to 32.7 ± 5.4 pmol/l) (all P&lt;0.001) levels. All impedance vectors decreased in proportion to HF severity (all P&lt;0.001), with the LVring (left ventricular)-case vector correlating best with LAP (r2=0.63, P&lt;0.001). Natriuretic peptides closely paralleled rapid acute changes in LAP during alterations in pacing (P&lt;0.001), whereas impedance changes were delayed relative to LAP. ALAP exhibited good agreement with LAP. In summary, impedance measured with an LV lead correlates significantly with changes in LAP, but exhibits a delayed response to acute alterations. Natriuretic peptides respond rapidly to acute LAP changes. Direct LAP, impedance and natriuretic peptide measurements all show promise as early indicators of worsening HF. ALAP provides an estimate of LAP that may be clinically useful.
Seasonal and Ascending Trends in the Incidence of Carriage of Extended-Spectrumβ-Lactamase–ProducingEscherichia coliandKlebsiellaSpecies in 2 German Hospitals
Authors: Dipl-Vw Klaus Kaier , Frank Uwe , Conrad Andreas , Meyer Elisabeth 
Published: September 2010

Background.Extended-spectrumβ-lactamase (ESBL)–producing strains of bacteria have become a major public health concern. In the present study, the incidence of carriage of ESBL-producing strains was analyzed for general trends and seasonality.Methods.Monthly data on ESBL-producing strains were collected retrospectively at 2 large university hospitals in Germany. The mean monthly temperatures for the 2 settings were collected from Germany's national meteorological service. Multivariable time series analyses were performed to explain variations in the monthly incidence densities of carriage of ESBL-producing bacteria (number of cases involving ESBL-producingEscherichia coliand/orKlebsiellaspecies per 1,000 patient days). For the final models, we incorporated variables for the ascending linear trends and other variables representing the mean monthly temperature.Results.Our models demonstrated that there was an increasing trend in the incidences of carriage of ESBL-producing bacteria. In addition, the incidences of carriage of all ESBL-producing bacteria responded positively to the mean temperature, meaning that during the summer, more cases involving ESBL-producing bacteria were detected than during the winter. The same methodology was also applied to the incidence of methicillin-resistantStaphylococcus aureuscarriage, but no association was found with the mean temperature.Conclusions.In the present study, we demonstrated that the monthly incidence of carriage of ESBL-producing bacteria was highly correlated with the mean monthly temperature, a fact that should be considered in experimental studies as an additional parameter influencing the incidence of ESBL-producing bacteria.
Characterizing molecular adaptation: a hierarchical approach to assess the selective influence of amino acid properties
Authors: Datta Saheli , Prado Raquel , Rodríguez Abel , Escalante Ananías A. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractMotivation: A number of methods for detecting positive selection in protein coding DNA sequences are based on whether each site/region has a non-synonymous to synonymous substitution rates ratio ω greater than one. However, a site/region may show a relatively large number of non-synonymous mutations that conserve a particular property. Recent methods have proposed to consider as evidence for molecular adaptations how conserving, or radically different, non-synonymous mutations are with respect to some key amino acid properties. While such methods have been useful in providing a qualitative assessment of molecular adaptation, they rely on independent statistical analyses for each amino acid property and typically do not properly adjust for multiple comparisons when selection needs to be assessed at several sites.Results: We consider a Bayesian hierarchical model that allows us to jointly determine if a set of amino acid properties are being conserved or radically changed while simultaneously adjusting for multiple comparisons at the codon level. We illustrate how this model can be used to characterize molecular adaptation in two datasets: an alignment from six class I alleles of the human major histocompatibility complex and a sperm lysin alignment from 25 abalone species. We compare the results obtained with the proposed hierarchical models to those obtained with alternative methods. Our analyses indicate that a more complete quantitative and qualitative characterization of molecular adaptation is achieved by taking into account changes in amino acid properties.Contact: raquel@ams.ucsc.eduAvailability: The R code for implementing the hierarchical models is freely available at http://www.ams.ucsc.edu/∼raquel/software/.Supplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Improved quality of life in Norwegian heart failure patients after follow‐up in outpatient heart failure clinics: results from the Norwegian heart failure registry
Authors: Hole Torstein , Grundtvig Morten , Gullestad Lars , Flønæs Berit , Westheim Arne 
Published: September 2010

AimsTo evaluate the quality of life in heart failure (HF) outpatients attending multidisciplinary disease management programmes at HF clinics in Norwegian hospitals.Methods and resultsData from HF patients at 24 hospital outpatient clinics were entered in a common database; The Norwegian Heart Failure Registry. Quality of life assessment was done using Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire (MLHF). The quality of life assessment was optional at each hospital and was done both at initial evaluation and after 6 months of stable follow‐up. A total of 3632 patients were included in the registry and 1778 patients had at least one assessment of quality of life. The mean MLHF score improved significantly from 2.1 at the initial evaluation to 1.4 six months after leaving the clinic (P < 0.001). There was a significant difference in MLHF score between hospitals and baseline MLHF score was significantly associated with NYHA functional class, hospitalizations 6 months before entering the registry, and brain natriuretic peptide; and inversely related to age and systolic blood pressure. Minnesota Living with Heart Failure score was an independent predictor of mortality in this population.ConclusionQuality of life assessed with MLHF improved after follow‐up at outpatient HF clinics. Minnesota Living with Heart Failure score was significantly related to functional status, laboratory and demographic variables, and was an important predictor of prognosis.
The limits and relationships of the acanthomorph teleosts
Authors: Stiassny Melanie L. J. 
Published: September 2010

The phylogenetic status of the speciose euteleostean assemblage, the Acanthomorpha, is investigated. For the purposes of cladistic analysis attention is centred upon an examination of euteleostean buccal ligament systems, the occipital and ethmoid regions of the neurocranium, and the posttemporal/neurocranial association.In this study four derived morphological features are identified which support the monophyly of the Acanthomorpha, and the previously ‘problematical’ genus Polymixia is determined to be the sistergroup of all the remaining acanthomorphs. The phylogenetic integrity of the sistergroup of the entire Acanthomorpha, the Myctophiformes (sensu Rosen, 1973), is attested by the presence of four derived features, and the monophyly of its major subdivisions (the Myctophidae and Neoscopelidae) is resolved.Additional problems of euteleostean systematics and systematic methodology are discussed.
Barriers to accessing care in patients with chronic hepatitis C: the impact of depression
Authors: Evon D. M. , Simpson K. M. , Esserman D. , Verma A. , Smith S. , Fried M. W. 
Published: September 2010

Aliment Pharmacol Ther2010;32:1163–1173SummaryBackground Patients with hepatitis C viral (HCV) may perceive barriers to accessing speciality care for HCV, and these barriers may be related to depressive symptoms.Aim To evaluate the relationship between barriers to care, demographics, and depressive symptoms.Methods A cross‐sectional analysis of 126 patients referred for HCV at two speciality HCV clinics. Barriers to care, depressive symptoms and sociodemographics were measured using standardized instruments. A retrospective chart review was conducted to collect clinical outcome data.Results Depressive symptoms were reported in 26%. Common barriers included lack of personal financial resources; lack of HCV knowledge in the community; lack of professionals competent in HCV care; stigmatization of HCV; and long distances to clinics offering care. After we controlled for sociodemographics, depression accounted for an additional 7–18% of variability in all barriers (all p values <0.01). Lower depression, marital and employment status were associated with subsequent receipt of HCV treatment in 38% (45/120) of patients; perceived barriers were not.Conclusions Depression is independently associated with perceived barriers to care. Higher depressive scores, but not perceived barriers, were associated with nontreatment. Healthcare providers who diagnose HCV need to be cognizant of numerous perceived barriers to accessing HCV care, and the impact that depression may have on these perceptions and receipt of treatment.
Specific information about the WHO guidelines for gestational diabetes screening improves clinical practices
Authors: Gayet‐Ageron Angèle , Poncet Bénédicte , Guerre Pascale , Rocher Laure , Dureau‐Drevard Elisabeth , Colin Cyrille , Orgiazzi Jacques , Berland Michel , Touzet Sandrine 
Published: September 2010

AbstractRationale, aims and objective  To evaluate the impact of specific information on World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) screening on clinical practices and to estimate its acceptance by women.Methods  A non‐randomized interventional study, comparing two periods, that is, before (period I) and after (period II) the implementation of the WHO guidelines during year 2000 in three obstetrical units, using reminders, meetings and pre‐printed prescription sheets. Women were interviewed on GDM screening acceptance.Results  A total of 333 pregnant women were included in period I and 345 in period II. The proportion of women who were screened significantly increased between period I and period II (0.9% in period I, 59.1% in period II, P < 10−3). The screening test was realized in accordance with guidelines for 80% of women in period II. The acceptability of the test by women was estimated at 98%. Furthermore, 90% of them would accept to be screened again during another pregnancy.Discussion  Specific information about WHO screening guidelines improves doctor practices. Moreover, the high rate of acceptance by women is an argument to promote more widespread WHO screening for GDM during pregnancy.
Heart failure and sudden death in dilated cardiomyopathy: a hidden competition we should not forget about when modelling mortality
Authors: Gregori Dario , Rosato Rosalba , Zecchin Massimo , Baldi Ileana , Di Lenarda Andrea 
Published: September 2010

AbstractRationale, aims and objectives This paper discusses the use of bivariate survival curve estimators jointly with a competing risk Cox model to analyse mortality in dilated cardiomyopathy due to heart failure (HF) or sudden death (SD), without assuming independence between outcomes. The goal of the manuscript is to suggest a possible protocol for the analysis of competing risk events, mimicking the common approaches used in the univariate case.Methods The non‐parametric bivariate survival estimators are used to estimate a multivariate proportional hazard model for dealing with SD or HF in a long‐term prospective cohort of 235 patients, recruited from 1978 to 1992. Patients have been stratified, among others, by age, severity and treatment. The latter has been considered under two specific protocols of analysis: intention to treat and actual treatment.Results The bivariate survival curves show different survival probabilities for HF and SD. For HF the force of mortality acts early and then slows down as follow‐up increases, while for SD the mortality is lower initially and increases later in time. Under competing risk analysis, evidence of treatment effect is shown only in the actual treatment protocol, in contrast with the results provided by standard Cox regression.Conclusions One of the advantages of non‐parametric bivariate survival estimation in the presence of competing risks is that parameters may be interpreted in much the same way as those estimated by the standard Cox regression. Moreover, ignoring the competing risk structure may provide a misleading interpretation of the results.
Prioritizing surgical waiting lists
Authors: Testi A. , Tanfani E. , Valente R. , Ansaldo G. L. , Torre G. C. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractRationale, aims and objectives  This paper deals with the problem of surgical waiting lists and is aimed, in particular, at comparing two different prioritization approaches: (1) the clinical assessment of treatment urgency aimed at categorizing patients into urgency‐related groups (URGs) with a given recommended maximum waiting time for treatment; and (2) the implementation of an original prioritization scoring algorithm aimed at determining the relative priority of each patient in the waiting list and the corresponding order of admission.Methods  A modelling exercise based on a cohort of 236 patients enrolled on the waiting list of a surgical department in an Italian public university hospital, from 1 January to 30 June 2004, is presented. The comparison is based on a measure called need‐adjusted‐waiting‐days, which allows to take into proper account both urgency and priority.Results  The results show that both methods should be implemented simultaneously for increasing the department’s performance in terms of both efficiency– outcome gained from a given amount of resources – and equity– how patients are admitted according to their need.Conclusions  Waiting list prioritization should not be limited to classifying patients into URGs, but to using a scoring system as well, in order to schedule patient admissions in an explicit and transparent way.
Interactive patient decision aids for women facing genetic testing for familial breast cancer: a systematic web and literature review
Authors: Williams Lisa , Jones Wendy , Elwyn Glyn , Edwards Adrian 
Published: September 2010

AbstractObjective  A systematic review to identify and appraise interactive decision aids that are designed for consumer use, in the field of hereditary breast cancer and genetic testing.Methods  An Internet (Google, Alta Vista) and literature search (Medline) was conducted for suitable decision aids. The decision aid had to (inclusion criteria): be about genetic testing for familial breast cancer; fulfil the criteria of a decision aid; use multimedia IT; be interactive (user does something that influences the decision pathway); and be for patient/public use. Exclusion criteria were decision aids that: had no interactivity (e.g. leaflet, video); discussed management decisions after gene status confirmed; non‐English; aids that required membership/subscription. Once aids had been selected for further appraisal they were assessed against a recognized framework for the evaluation of decision aids – the International Patient Decision Aid Standards (IPDAS) criteria.Results  On Google 595 web pages were assessed, as were 382 Google directory entries. Alta Vista revealed fewer results and revealed no new sites. Twenty‐four web sites and four CD‐ROMs with the most potential as stand alone decision aids were then selected for further assessment. On Medline 776 citations were reviewed, of these only one CD‐ROM and no web sites were found. After initial appraisal only two CD‐ROMs and one web site met the criteria for further consideration. Assessed against the IPDAS criteria, the decision aids scored poorly with no aid scoring more than 50%.Conclusions  Although there is a significant amount of interest in genetic testing to determine whether a woman is at high risk of breast cancer, the current genetic services are having difficulty coping with the demand. Alternatives such as decision aids have been suggested. There are many sources of information available, but few are truly interactive or designed for patient use. Of the three evaluated, all were from the USA and are likely to require modification for patients elsewhere.