bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cone beam computed tomography evaluations of marginal alveolar bone before and after orthodontic treatment combined with premolar extractions
Authors: Lund Henrik , Gröndahl Kerstin , Gröndahl Hans‐Göran 
Published: May 2012

Using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) we investigated the distance between the cemento–enamel junction (CEJ) and the marginal bone crest (MBC) at buccal, lingual, mesial, and distal surfaces of incisors to first molars in adolescents before (baseline) and after extractive orthodontic treatment (study end point). Patients with Class I malocclusion, crowding and an overjet of ≤5 mm were examined with a CBCT unit using a 60 × 60‐mm field of view and a 0.125‐mm voxel size. Large differences in marginal bone height were found at baseline, particularly between tooth surfaces. There was a slight correlation between age and CEJ–MBC distance. From baseline to the study end point, large bone‐height changes among teeth and tooth surfaces could be seen. Lingual surfaces, followed by buccal surfaces, showed the largest changes. Eighty‐four per cent of lingual surfaces of mandibular central incisors exhibited a bone‐height decrease of >2 mm. The bone‐height decrease was larger at lingual surfaces in the mandible than in the maxilla, and larger in girls (mean = 1.8 mm) than in boys (mean = 1.5 mm). Fewer than 1% of proximal surfaces exhibited changes of >2 mm. It is unknown whether the changes in marginal bone height are transitory. A high‐quality CBCT technique may help to determine this by providing a deeper insight into the long‐term side effects of orthodontic treatment.
Anti‐oxidized Low‐Density Lipoprotein (oxLDL) Antibody Levels are not Related to Increasing Circulating oxLDLConcentrations During the Course of Pregnancy
Authors: Pecks Ulrich , Tillmann Dagmar , Ernst Sabine , Maass Nicolai , Meinhold‐Heerlein Ivo 
Published: May 2012

ProblemTo address the question of whether the high levels of oxidative modified low‐density lipoproteins (oxLDL) in pregnancy are opposed by an appropriate humoral autoimmune response providing anti‐oxLDL autoantibodies in maternal serum of healthy women throughout gestation.Method of StudyBlood was taken from 33 patients at four different time points from early to late gestation and post‐partum. OxLDLand anti‐oxLDLconcentrations were measured by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assays.ANOVAwas used for statistical evaluations followed bypost hoctest with Bonferoni adjustment.ResultsOxidized Low Density Lipoprotein concentrations increased while anti‐oxLDLlevels decreased significantly from early to late gestation. OxLDLwas strongly positively correlated withLDLconcentration and mildly negatively associated with anti‐oxLDLlevels. Estimating the status of oxidation by calculating oxLDL/LDLratio revealed decreasing values with ongoing pregnancy. Multivariate analysis showed that anti‐oxLDLlevels were dependent on gestational age but neither on oxLDLlevels nor on the oxLDL/LDLratio.ConclusionsThe results indicate that normal pregnancy is a well‐balanced state of oxidative and anti‐oxidative processes. However, we could not confirm a dependence of anti‐oxLDLautoantibodies on oxLDLconcentration. Whether or not the humoral immune system is involved in oxidative defence remains to be elucidated.
Response of inland dune vegetation to increased nitrogen and phosphorus levels
Authors: Sparrius Laurens B. , Kooijman Annemieke M. , Sevink Jan 
Published: May 2012

AbstractQuestionHow does pioneer vegetation of acid inland dunes respond to addition of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P)?LocationTwo inland dune reserves in The Netherlands with low and high N deposition.MethodsDuring 2.5 yr, N and P addition (control, N, P, NP) took place in three different vegetation types of inland dunes (Polytrichum piliferum mats, Campylopus introflexus mats and lichen‐dominated vegetation). In each site, changes in the vegetation were recorded in three replicate quadrats of 1 m × 1 m per treatment. Differences in element content of grasses and lichens were recorded, together with vegetation parameters, including cover and height of grasses, bryophytes and lichens.ResultsIn the site with high N deposition, grasses were taller, had higher N:P ratios and a generally lower lichen cover than in the low‐deposition area. Experimental N application resulted in higher N and lower base metal concentrations in grasses and an increase in grass cover and size. In contrast, lichens showed a general decline in the N treatment and the lichen:grass ratio decreased. The effect of N addition was larger in the low‐deposition area. The P treatment had an opposite effect: lichens increased in size and cover and overgrew grasses, especially when reindeer lichens were present. This suggests that the cryptogam layer was P‐limited even in the low N deposition site.ConclusionsPioneer vegetation in inland dunes is susceptible to N and P addition. The results provide evidence for a decrease in lichen cover due to increased N deposition.
Predictors of eligibility for long‐term care funding for older people in Japan
Authors: Moriya Shingo , Murata Ayumi , Kimura Shinji , Inoue Nobuo , Miura Hiroko 
Published: May 2012

Aim:  To determine the predictors of Japanese long‐term care insurance system (LTCI) certification.Methods:  Care needs of 784 persons aged 65–84 were followed through LTCI over 5 years. Each participant's score was divided into quartiles according to handgrip strength and one‐leg standing time with eyes open. Cox proportional hazard models were conducted for the onset of certification of LTCI.Results:  Over the 5‐year period 64 women (14%) and 30 men (9%) were certified. Adjusted hazard ratios for certification were significantly higher for those of the lowest groups of one‐leg standing time with eyes open at baseline than those in the highest groups, but no significance was found for handgrip strength. Other predictors were age and low social activity for women; and living alone and diabetes for men.Conclusions:  One‐leg standing time with eyes open predicts the onset of care‐need certification in older people.
Tetramerization of human guanylate‐binding protein 1 is mediated by coiled‐coil formation of the C‐terminal α‐helices
Authors: Syguda Adrian , Bauer Michael , Benscheid Utz , Ostler Nicole , Naschberger Elisabeth , Ince Semra , Stürzl Michael , Herrmann Christian 
Published: May 2012

The human guanylate‐binding protein 1 (hGBP1) is a large GTP‐binding protein belonging to the dynamin family, a common feature of which is nucleotide‐dependent assembly to homotypic oligomers. Assembly leads to stimulation of GTPase activity, which, in the case of dynamin, is responsible for scission of vesicles from membranes. By yeast two‐hybrid and biochemical experiments we addressed intermolecular interactions between all subdomains of hGBP1 and identified the C‐terminal subdomain, α12/13, as a new interaction site for self‐assembly. α12/13 represents a stable subdomain of hGBP1, as shown by CD spectroscopy. In addition to contacts between GTPase domains leading to dimer formation, the interaction between two α12/13 subdomains, in the course of GTP hydrolysis, results in tetramer formation of the protein. With the help of CD spectroscopy we showed coiled‐coil formation of two α12/13 subdomains and concentration‐dependent measurements allow estimating a value for the dissociation constant of 7.3 μm. We suggest GTP hydrolysis‐driven release of the α12/13 subdomain, making it available for coiled‐coil formation. Furthermore, we can demonstrate the biological relevance of hGBP1 tetramer formation in living cells by chemical cross‐link experiments.Structured digital abstract
hGBP1 and hGBP1 bind by cross‐linking study (View interaction)
hGBP1 and hGBP1 bind by molecular sieving (View Interaction: 1, 2)
hGBP1 physically interacts with hGBP1 by two hybrid (View Interaction: 1, 2, 3)
Sustained glycolytic oscillations in individual isolated yeast cells
Authors: Gustavsson Anna‐Karin , van Niekerk David D. , Adiels Caroline B. , du Preez Franco B. , Goksör Mattias , Snoep Jacky L. 
Published: May 2012

Yeast glycolytic oscillations have been studied since the 1950s in cell‐free extracts and intact cells. For intact cells, sustained oscillations have so far only been observed at the population level, i.e. for synchronized cultures at high biomass concentrations. Using optical tweezers to position yeast cells in a microfluidic chamber, we were able to observe sustained oscillations in individual isolated cells. Using a detailed kinetic model for the cellular reactions, we simulated the heterogeneity in the response of the individual cells, assuming small differences in a single internal parameter. This is the first time that sustained limit‐cycle oscillations have been demonstrated in isolated yeast cells.Database
The mathematical model described here has been submitted to the JWS Online Cellular Systems Modelling Database and can be accessed at http://jjj.biochem.sun.ac.za/database/gustavsson/index.html free of charge.
Distribution of HLA‐DRB1 and HLA‐DQB1 families of alleles and haplotypes in Vojvodina population
Authors: Vojvodić S. , Ademović‐Sazdanić D. 
Published: May 2012

SummaryMajor histocompatibility complex encoding human leucocyte antigens (HLA) is a highly polymorphic gene cluster that makes it a valuable tool in the population genetic studies. The aim of our study was to compare HLA class II gene frequencies with other populations from Europe and to determine the relationship between the investigated populations. In this study, one hundred and twenty healthy individuals from Vojvodina, northern Serbia, were studied for 18 of the HLA‐DRB1 and HLA‐DQB1 loci. The HLA families of alleles were analysed by using sequence‐specific primers for polymerase chain reaction (PCR‐SSP). The results showed the increased frequency of HLA‐DRB1*11(0.333), ‐DRB1*04(0.300), ‐DRB1*07(0.250), ‐DQB1*03(0.730) and ‐DQB1* 05(0.391), among the tested families of alleles. The two‐locus haplotype analysis revealed significant positive linkage disequilibrium for DRB1*11DQB1*03 (Δ = 0.0788, χ2 = 12.61) and DRB1*04DQB1*03 (Δ = 0.0583, χ2 = 8.04). A phylogenetic tree constructed on the basis of the DRB1* gene frequencies derived from other populations revealed the clustering among the Vojvodina population together with other populations in Europe (Croats, Austrians and Hungarians). Close relationship of the Vojvodina population with the populations of Hungarians and Austrians can be the result of their historical influence on the region of Vojvodina.
Evaluation of the sensitivity of two recently developed STR multiplexes for the analysis of chimerism after haematopoietic stem cell transplantation
Authors: Odriozola A. , Riancho J. A. , Colorado M. , Zarrabeitia M. T. 
Published: May 2012

SummaryForensic‐oriented kits analysing short tandem repeat (STR) polymorphisms are widely used to determine the proportions of donor and recipient cells after haematopoietic stem cell transplantation. The sensitivity of this technology is crucial for the early detection of relapse and, in consequence, the adjustment of the treatment to enhance donor‐origin haematopoiesis in transplant recipients. The objective of this study was to compare the performance of two recently developed STR multiplex kits, AmpFℓSTR® Identifiler® Plus PCR Amplification Kit (Applied Biosystems) and Investigator™ IDplex® (Qiagen), in the analysis of chimerism. Fifteen STR loci were amplified with both kits in 26 peripheral blood samples of transplantated patients showing chimerism. Peak amplitude threshold, detection limit (%DL), per cent donor chimerism and efficacy of each multiplex and STR were determined, and the results with both kits were compared. The %DL and the estimated per cent donor chimerism were similar with both kits. On the other hand, Identifiler® Plus kit allowed chimerism identification only in 24 (92%) of the 26 cases with chimerism detected by using the Investigator™ IDplex® when only ‘type 5’ allelic constellations (i.e. without potential interference by stutter peaks) were taken into account. However, IDplex® efficacy was somewhat lower than that of Identifiler Plus when only the most informative loci (D2S1338, D21S11, D18S51 and FGA) were considered. Therefore, although each system had some particular advantages and disadvantages, overall both STR multiplexes showed similar performance in qualitative and quantitative chimerism analysis.
Association between a promoter polymorphism (rs2192752, –1028A/C) of interleukin 1 receptor, type I (IL1R1) and location of papillary thyroid carcinoma in a Korean population
Authors: Park S. W. , Kim M. K. , Kwon K. H. , Kim J. 
Published: May 2012

SummaryThe interleukin 1 receptor, type I (IL1R1) is important in the pathogenesis of cancer. We investigated whether single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of IL1R1 contribute to the development of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC), in addition to the clinicopathological features such as the size, number, location, extrathyroidal invasion and metastasis of PTC. Three promoter SNPs (rs949963 −615G/A, rs2192752 −1028A/C and rs3917225 −1099A/G) in IL1R1 were genotyped using direct sequencing in 118 patients with PTC and 347 controls. The odds ratio (OR), 95% confidence interval (CI) and P value were analysed using SNPStats and SNPAnalyzer Pro. For the exact results, Fisher’s exact test and Bonferroni correction (Pc) were performed. The three promoter SNPs of IL1R1 were not associated with PTC development. For the clinicopathological features of PTC, rs2192752 was associated with location (one lobe versus both lobes): dominant model, OR = 3.11, 95% CI = 1.39–6.96, Pc = 0.015; log‐additive model, OR = 2.79, 95% CI = 1.38–5.66, Pc = 0.0087. The C allele frequency of rs2192752 was higher in the both lobes group (28.0%) than the one lobe group (12.3%) (OR = 2.77, 95% CI = 1.40–5.48, Pc = 0.009). However, rs949963 and rs3917225 were not correlated with clinicopathological features including location of PTC. The IL1R1 promoter SNP rs2192752 may contribute to the location of PTC, and the C allele of rs2192752 may be a risk factor for the development of PTC in both lobes.
Early Supported Discharge after Stroke in Bergen (ESD Stroke Bergen): A Randomized Controlled Trial Comparing Rehabilitation in a Day Unit or in the Patients' Homes with Conventional Treatment
Authors: Hofstad Håkon , Naess Halvor , Moe-Nilssen Rolf , Skouen Jan Sture 
Published: May 2012

Rationale As a result of demographic changes with a presumed rapidly increasing number of older people during the coming decades, a strong increase in the incidence and prevalence of stroke should be expected. Early supported discharge implies that the patients are discharged to their homes as soon as feasible and that rehabilitative treatment is offered after the discharge, with the patients being home-dwelling. This has proved beneficial in previous studies. Aims The main objective of this study is to further characterize the important components of early supported discharge and to confirm superiority of early supported discharge over conventional treatment. The secondary aim will be to compare two different early supported discharge schemes. These early supported discharge schemes are composed of intensive rehabilitation treatment given by a multidisciplinary team in a day unit and, alternatively, the same treatment given in the patients' homes. Design The study is conducted as a randomized controlled trial with three arms: two different forms of early supported discharge and a control arm with conventional treatment. Patients with acute stroke admitted to our hospital's stroke unit and living in the Municipality of Bergen are considered for inclusion. A total of 350 stroke patients are expected. Study outcomes Primary outcome is modified Rankin Scale six-months after inclusion. Secondary outcomes include Barthel Index and National Institute of Health Stroke Scale at several points in time after inclusion, as well as many other schemes, questionnaires and physical tests. The study is registered in ClinicalTrials.gov registration number NCT00771771.
Are Sleep Symptoms Predictors of Resistant Hypertension in a Population‐Based Sample? Findings From the National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey
Authors: Walia Harneet , Strohl Kingman , Koo Brian , Seicean Andreea , Seicean Sinziana 
Published: May 2012

J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich). 2012;00:000–000. ©2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.The aim of this study was to test the association of self‐reported sleep symptoms to those identified with severe hypertension in a nationally representative sample of adults. Self‐reported and study‐measured health and sleep characteristics were collected by the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2005 to 2008. Of 10,526 individuals with completed sleep surveys participating in the study, the authors identified 379 patients with severe hypertension defined as those treated with ≥3 antihypertensive medications including a diuretic; 110 of these had resistant hypertension (RHTN) despite therapy, while 269 were controlled for severe hypertension (CSHTN). Patients with RHTN were more likely to be married, less educated, smoke, and self‐report unsatisfactory health and diabetes when compared with patients with CSHTN. Multivariate analyses showed that poorly controlled diabetes (glycated hemoglobin >7%) was the strongest predictor of RHTN (odds ratio, 3.0; 95% confidence interval, 1.2–7.9). Unsatisfactory health (odds ratio, 1.7; 95% confidence interval, 1.7–2.7) was also associated with RHTN. Poorly controlled diabetes and self‐reported unsatisfactory heath showed significant association with RHTN. Contrary to expectations, there was no significant association between self‐reported snoring/snorting and RHTN, when other factors were examined. The association between poorly controlled diabetes and RHTN warrants further emphasis on strict control of diabetes in these individuals.
The pYV virulence plasmids of Yersinia pseudotuberculosis and Y. pestis contain a conserved DNA region responsible for the mobilization by the self‐transmissible plasmid pYE854
Authors: Hammerl Jens A. , Freytag Barbara , Lanka Erich , Appel Bernd , Hertwig Stefan 
Published: May 2012

SummaryPathogenic Yersinia strains possess a 70 kb virulence plasmid which can be transmitted to other strains by conjugation systems expressed by co‐resident plasmids. We isolated a 720 bp fragment of the Yersinia pseudotuberculosis virulence plasmid p1340 that mediated mobilization of the vector pIV2 by the self‐transmissible plasmid pYE854. The p1340 mobilization region contains the resolvase gene tnpR and its proposed resolution site res. Both elements are required for mobilization. Plasmid transfer was associated with the formation of co‐integrates in which res was fused to pYE854 fragments by short nucleotide stretches similarly present within res. blast searches and PCR experiments revealed the presence of the mobilization region in the virulence plasmids of other Y. pseudotuberculosis and Y. pestis strains but not in pYV of Yersinia enterocolitica.
Unsuspected control of siderophore production by N‐acetylglucosamine in streptomycetes
Authors: Craig Matthias , Lambert Stéphany , Jourdan Samuel , Tenconi Elodie , Colson Séverine , Maciejewska Marta , Ongena Marc , Martin Juan Francisco , van Wezel Gilles , Rigali Sébastien 
Published: May 2012

SummaryIron is one of the most abundant elements on earth but is found in poorly soluble forms hardly accessible to microorganisms. To subsist, they have developed iron‐chelating molecules called siderophores that capture this element in the environment and the resulting complexes are internalized by specific uptake systems. While biosynthesis of siderophores in many bacteria is regulated by iron availability and oxidative stress, we describe here a new type of regulation of siderophore production. We show that in Streptomyces coelicolor, their production is also controlled by N‐acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) via the direct transcriptional repression of the iron utilization repressor dmdR1 by DasR, the GlcNAc utilization regulator. This regulatory nutrient–metal relationship is conserved among streptomycetes, which indicates that the link between GlcNAc utilization and iron uptake repression, however unsuspected, is the consequence of a successful evolutionary process. We describe here the molecular basis of a novel inhibitory mechanism of siderophore production that is independent of iron availability. We speculate that the regulatory connection between GlcNAc and siderophores might be associated with the competition for iron between streptomycetes and their fungal soil competitors, whose cell walls are built from the GlcNAc‐containing polymer chitin. Alternatively, GlcNAc could emanate from streptomycetes’ own peptidoglycan that goes through intense remodelling throughout their life cycle, thereby modulating the iron supply according to specific needs at different stages of their developmental programme.
Dermatomyositis: Myositis‐specific autoantibodies and skin manifestations
Authors: Fujimoto Manabu 
Published: May 2012

AbstractIdiopathic inflammatory myopathies including dermatomyositis (DM) and polymyositis (PM) are a heterogeneous group of disorders with varying degrees of muscle disease, cutaneous manifestations and internal organ involvement. Myositis‐specific autoantibodies (MSA) are useful tools, as they further define more homogeneous subsets. Anti‐Mi‐2 antibodies have been shown to represent a distinct DM phenotype with a low risk of interstitial lung disease (ILD) or cancer. Anti‐aminoacyl tRNA synthetase antibodies, such as anti‐Jo‐1, anti‐PL‐7, anti‐PL‐12, anti‐EJ, anti‐OJ and anti‐KS antibodies, identify patients who share similar clinical features including ILD and myositis, which are referred to as “anti‐synthetase syndrome”. Anti‐155/140 antibodies and anti‐CADM140 antibodies have recently been described, and are considered as serological markers for cancer‐associated DM and clinically amyopathic DM with rapidly progressive ILD, respectively. In addition, recent studies have revealed anti‐NXP‐2 autoantibodies that are one of the predominant MSA in juvenile‐onset DM and anti‐small ubiquitin‐like modifier activating enzyme (SAE) antibodies that are also associated with a distinct phenotype. These autoantibodies are also associated with the distinct phenotype of skin manifestations. Thus, identification of the autoantibody profile in an individual patient is beneficial for management and therapy. Despite the clinical utility of MSA, these autoantibodies are unlikely to have direct pathogenic roles in the development of the disease. Findings suggest that the production of these antibodies reflects changes in autoantigen expression within the tissue targeted by the immune response. Furthermore, the nature of several autoantigens suggests their potential roles in tumor immunity and infection.