bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reimagining urban design of stormwater infrastructure in settler‐colonial Sydney
Authors: Coyne Taylor 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAlthough many might consider the Australian city of Sydney as defined by golden beaches and a glittering harbour, the city actually has an abundance of wetlands—swamps and marshes laid out across the eastern Sydney region. Dramatic transformations of these waterscapes have taken place since 1788, when British colonists landed to form the settlement there. Environmental exploitation has been a key part of settler‐colonial projects across the world. Sydney is no different. To contextualise this exploitation, I explore the ways in which a specific water infrastructure system in Sydney—the Tank Stream—has been entangled with, and is emblematic of, settler‐colonial politics. I argue that to reimagine futures where such ecologically and culturally damaging infrastructures no longer have a presence in the city requires a nuanced interpretation of both water and history. I suggest that “conventional” stormwater design features emerged from colonial viewings of Sydney’s waterscapes. The transformation of these geographies was imposed on existing water management systems, set within local, First Nations knowledges. Thus, I also consider the Tank Stream as a site with potential to present an anti‐colonial hydraulic urban co‐design framing. I draw on colonial archival material and field site visits to question the importance that settler‐colonial urban design has had in shaping contemporary ways of thinking about watery spaces. I conclude by arguing that the hydro‐imperial knowledges must make way for a culturally inclusive urban water design that centres and elevates First Nations design.
They put me on a train: Assimilation and the Australian railways
Authors: Maher Katie 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis article explores the involvement of the Australian railways in the forcible removal of Aboriginal children. Focusing on the visions and voices of Aboriginal peoples who were taken away from their families by train, the article considers how railways were used in the attempted assimilation of First Nations peoples into White society. The last train ride, an artwork by South Australian Yankunytjatjara artist and Stolen Generations survivor Kunyi McInerney, serves as a point of departure to study how the settler colonial infrastructure of rail operationalised the Australian government policies of assimilation. I ask how railway infrastructures have affected Aboriginal peoples and how Aboriginal peoples have responded to railway infrastructures. In centring the artworks and narratives of Aboriginal people taken away by train, I extend an invitation to readers to rethink geography through the visual expressions and stories of First Nations peoples. Close attention to the perspectives of affected peoples opens possibilities to view infrastructures in a different light. The visions and voices of Aboriginal families impacted by assimilation policies show that the railways played a pivotal role in the separation of Aboriginal children from families and that railway infrastructures have also been sites of resistance to and subversion of assimilation and child removal. Paying careful attention to First Nations voices and visions, the article informs how the Australian railways have been complicit in assimilation policies and how Aboriginal peoples have used the railways to resist and survive such settler colonial projects.
ProSeq4: A user‐friendly multiplatform program for preparation and analysis of large‐scale DNA polymorphism datasets
Authors: Filatov Dmitry A. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractPreparation of DNA polymorphism datasets for analysis is an important step in evolutionary genetic and molecular ecology studies. Ever‐growing dataset sizes make this step time consuming, but few convenient software tools are available to facilitate processing of large‐scale datasets including thousands of sequence alignments. Here I report “processor of sequences v4” (proSeq4)—a user‐friendly multiplatform software for preparation and evolutionary genetic analyses of genome‐ or transcriptome‐scale sequence polymorphism datasets. The program has an easy‐to‐use graphic user interface and is designed to process and analyse many thousands of datasets. It supports over two dozen file formats, includes a flexible sequence editor and various tools for data visualization, quality control and most commonly used evolutionary genetic analyses, such as NJ‐phylogeny reconstruction, DNA polymorphism analyses and coalescent simulations. Command line tools (e.g. vcf2fasta) are also provided for easier integration into bioinformatic pipelines. Apart of molecular ecology and evolution research, proSeq4 may be useful for teaching, e.g. for visual illustration of different shapes of phylogenies generated with coalescent simulations in different scenarios. ProSeq4 source code and binaries for Windows, MacOS and Ubuntu are available from https://sourceforge.net/projects/proseq/.
Trends in pediatric emergency department transfers from Indian Health Service and tribal health systems
Authors: Pirrocco Fiona A. , Temkit Hamy , Mechem Cherisse , Yeager Karen 
Published: April 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo describe the frequency and observed trends for all Indian Health Service (IHS) and tribal emergency department (ED) transfers to a pediatric referral center from January 1, 2017, to December 31, 2020, with a secondary analysis to describe trends in final dispositions, lengths of stay (LOS), and the most common primary ICD‐10 diagnoses.MethodsWe performed a retrospective chart review of IHS and tribal ED transfers to a pediatric referral center from 2017 to 2020 (n = 2433). The data were summarized using frequencies and percentages and we used generalized estimating equations to analyze patient characteristics over time.ResultsIHS and tribal ED transfers accounted for 6.5%–7.1% of all transfers each year between 2017 and 2020 without significant changes over time. Within this group, 60% were admitted and 62% experienced a LOS greater than 24 h. The most common diagnostic code groups for these patients were respiratory conditions, injuries and poisonings, nonspecific abnormal clinical findings and labs, digestive system diseases, and nervous system diseases.ConclusionsThis study addresses important knowledge gaps regarding transfers from IHS and tribal EDs, highlights potential high‐impact areas for pediatric readiness, and emphasizes the need for more granular data to inform resource allocation and educational interventions. Further studies are needed to delineate potentially avoidable transfers seen within this population.
Emergency physician gender and head computed tomography orders for older adults who have fallen
Authors: Kraft Rhys , Mercuri Mathew , Clayton Natasha , Worster Andrew , Mercier Eric , Emond Marcel , Varner Catherine , McLeod Shelley L. , Eagles Debra , Stiell Ian , Barbic David , Morris Judy , Jeanmonod Rebecca , Kagoma Yoan K. , Shoamanesh Ashkan , Engels Paul T. , Sharma Sunjay , Papaioannou Alexandra , Parpia Sameer , Buchanan Ian , Ali Mariyam , de Wit Kerstin 
Published: April 2024

AbstractObjectivePhysicians vary in their computed tomography (CT) scan usage. It remains unclear how physician gender relates to clinical practice or patient outcomes. The aim of this study was to assess the association between physician gender and decision to order head CT scans for older emergency patients who had fallen.MethodsThis was a secondary analysis of a prospective observational cohort study conducted in 11 hospital emergency departments (EDs) in Canada and the United States. The primary study enrolled patients who were 65 years and older who presented to the ED after a fall. The analysis evaluated treating physician gender adjusted for multiple clinical variables. Primary analysis used a hierarchical logistic regression model to evaluate the association between treating physician gender and the patient receiving a head CT scan. Secondary analysis reported the adjusted odds ratio (OR) for diagnosing intracranial bleeding by physician gender.ResultsThere were 3663 patients and 256 physicians included in the primary analysis. In the adjusted analysis, women physicians were no more likely to order a head CT than men (OR 1.26, 95% confidence interval 0.98–1.61). In the secondary analysis of 2294 patients who received a head CT, physician gender was not associated with finding a clinically important intracranial bleed.ConclusionsThere was no significant association between physician gender and ordering head CT scans for older emergency patients who had fallen. For patients where CT scans were ordered, there was no significant relationship between physician gender and the diagnosis of clinically important intracranial bleeding.
Failure to rescue following oesophagectomy in Australia: a multi‐site retrospective study using American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program
Authors: Allaway Matthew G. R. , Pham Helen , Zeng Mingjuan , Sinclair Jane‐Louise B. , Johnston Emma , Richardson Arthur , Hollands Michael 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundFailure to rescue (FTR), defined as death after a major complication, is increasingly being used as a surrogate for assessing quality of care following major cancer resection. The aim of this paper is to determine the failure to rescue (FTR) rate after oesophagectomy and explore factors that may contribute to FTR within Australia.MethodsA retrospective review of the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (ACS NSQIP) database from 2015 to 2023 at five Australian hospitals was conducted to identify patients who underwent an oesophagectomy. The primary outcome was FTR rate. Perioperative parameters were examined to evaluate predictive factors for FTR. Secondary outcomes include major complications, overall morbidity, mortality, length of stay and 30‐day readmissions.ResultsA total of 155 patients were included with a median age of 65.2 years, 74.8% being male. The FTR rate was 6.3%. In total, 50.3% of patients (n = 78) developed at least one postoperative complication with the most common complication being pneumonia (20.6%) followed by prolonged intubation (12.9%) and organ space SSI/anastomotic leak (11.0%). Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to determine any factors that were predictive for FTR however none reached statistical significance.ConclusionThis study is the first to evaluate the FTR rates following oesophagectomy within Australia, with FTR rates and complication profile comparable to international benchmarks. Integration of multi‐institutional national databases such as ACS NSQIP into units is essential to monitor and compare patient outcomes following major cancer surgery, especially in low to moderate volume centres.
The effectiveness of a positive psychological intervention for promoting preschool teachers' well‐being and professional competence: EASP intervention program
Authors: Lee Alfred S. Y. , Fung Wing Kai , Chan Derwin K. C. , Chung Kevin Kien Hoa 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe present study investigated the effectiveness of the Early Advancement in Social–Emotional Health and Positivity (EASP) program, a positive psychological intervention promoting preschool teachers' well‐being and the motivational aspect of professional competence. Participants were 273 in‐service preschool teachers (Mage = 34.56 years, SD = 9.52, range = 22–58; female = 98.90%) who participated in a 2‐month randomized controlled trial. Participants were randomly assigned to the intervention group (n = 143) receiving 1) four online workshops, 2) a smartphone app, and 3) an online activity, or to the wait‐list control group (n = 130), which received the intervention materials after all the data collection. Participants reported their well‐being dimensions, teaching self‐efficacy, and autonomous motivation for teaching before and after the intervention. Results from a path analytic model exhibited excellent fit with the data, χ2 = 37.62, df = 33, CFI = .99, TLI = .98, RMSEA = .02 [90% CI = 0.00, 0.05], SRMR = .02. The intervention had direct effects on changes in well‐being dimensions, including positivity, outcome, strength, engagement, and resilience (β = .14 to .26, ps = .00 to .04), and indirect intervention effects on changes in teaching self‐efficacy and autonomous motivation for teaching (β = .14 to .15, ps = .00 to .01). These findings highlighted the potential value of implementing positive psychological interventions in educational settings to promote the well‐being and professional competence among preschool teachers.
LncRNA SNHG1 serves as a biomarker for systemic lupus erythematosus and participates in the disease progression
Authors: Jiang Linsen , Qi Anning , Yang Hongyu , Wang Shuping , Wang Fei , Bai Xuemei , Ren Juan 
Published: April 2024

LncRNAs play an important role in autoimmune diseases. The purpose of this study was to explore the role of lncRNA SNHG1 in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), and laid a theoretical foundation for the study of SLE. The basic clinical information of all subjects was first collected for statistical analysis, and SNHG1 expression in the serum of all subjects was detected by RT‐qPCR. The value of SNHG1 in the diagnosis of SLE was assessed by ROC. The correlation between SNHG1 and each blood sample index was analyzed by Pearson correlation analysis. The role of SNHG1 in primary peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) apoptosis was explored. SNHG1 expression is relatively upregulated in patients with SLE compared to healthy people. SNHG1 expression was positively correlated with SLEDAI score, IgG, CRP, and ESR, and negatively correlated with C3 and C4. ROC indicated that SNHG1 has the potential to assist in the diagnosis of SLE. PBMCs apoptosis in SLE was higher than that in control group, the knockdown and overexpression of SNHG1 could correspondingly inhibit and promote PBMCs apoptosis. SNHG1 has the potential to be a diagnosis marker for SLE and may be involved in regulating PBMCs apoptosis.
Social and temporal disorientation during the Covid‐19 pandemic: An analysis of 3306 responses to a quantitative questionnaire
Authors: Fernandez Velasco Pablo , Perroy Bastien , Gurchani Umer , Casati Roberto 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe societal hallmark of the Covid‐19 pandemic was a set of mitigation measures such as lockdowns and curfews. The cognitive impact on the public of the resulting spatial, social and temporal constraints is still being investigated. While pandemic time has been extensively studied and mostly described as slowed down and elongated, opposite experimental patterns across national and social contexts leave open an important explanatory gap in order to understand which factor has been causally fundamental in determining the phenomenology of the crisis. In this paper, we use a quantitative questionnaire developed for measuring temporal and social disorientation on a sample of 3306 respondents during an acute phase of restrictions in France. We show that social disorientation greatly contributed to the temporal disruptions experienced during the pandemic. This result reinforces the importance for public authorities to address the compounding effect of feeling isolated during crises.
White adipose tissue, a novel antirheumatic target: Clues from its secretory capability and adipectomy‐based therapy
Authors: Ye Peng , Wang Qi‐Hai , Kong Wen‐Ye , Liu Chun‐Sheng , Wang Dan‐Dan , Olatunji Opeyemi Joshua , Li Yan , Zuo Jian 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackground and PurposeWhite adipose tissue (WAT) is involved in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). This study explored its potential as an antirheumatic target.Experimental ApproachWAT status of healthy and adjuvant‐induced arthritis (AIA) rats were compared. The contribution of WAT to RA pathology was evaluated by pre‐adipocyte transplant experiments and by dissecting perirenal fat pads of AIA rats. The impact of RA on WAT was investigated by culturing pre‐adipocytes. Proteins differentially expressed in WAT of healthy and AIA rats were identified by the UPLC/MS2 method. These together with PPARγ siRNA and agonist were used to treat pre‐adipocytes in vitro. The medium was used for THP‐1 monocyte culture.Key ResultsCompared with healthy controls, AIA WAT was smaller but secreted more leptin, eNAMPT, MCP‐1, TNF‐α, and IL‐6. AIA rat pre‐adipocytes increased the levels of these adipokines in healthy recipients. RA patients' serum induced a similar secretion change and impaired differentiation of pre‐adipocytes. Adipectomy eased AIA‐related immune abnormalities and arthritic manifestations. Hepatokines PON1, IGFBP4, and GPIHBP1 were among the differential proteins in high levels in RA blood, and induced inflammatory secretions by pre‐adipocytes. GPIHBP1 inhibited PPARγ expression and caused differentiation impairment and inflammatory secretion by pre‐adipocytes, a similar outcome to PPARγ‐silencing. This endowed the cells with an ability to activate monocytes, which can be abrogated by rosiglitazone.Conclusion and ImplicationsCertain hepatokines potentiate inflammatory secretions by pre‐adipocytes and expedite RA progression by inhibiting PPARγ. Targeting this signalling or abnormal WAT secretion by various approaches may reduce RA severity.
Ligand bias and inverse agonism on 5‐HT2A receptor‐mediated modulation of G protein activity in post‐mortem human brain
Authors: Muneta‐Arrate Itziar , Miranda‐Azpiazu Patricia , Horrillo Igor , Diez‐Alarcia Rebeca , Meana J. Javier 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackground and PurposeWhereas biased agonism on the 5‐HT2A receptor has been ascribed to hallucinogenic properties of psychedelics, no information about biased inverse agonism on this receptor is available. In schizophrenia, increased 5‐HT2A receptor constitutive activity has been suggested, highlighting the therapeutic relevance of inverse agonism. This study characterized the modulation of G protein activity promoted by different drugs, commonly considered as 5‐HT2A receptor antagonists, in post‐mortem human brain cortex.Experimental ApproachModulation of [35S]GTPγS binding to different subtypes of Gα proteins exerted by different 5‐HT2A receptor drugs was determined by scintillation proximity assays in brain from human, WT and 5‐HT2A receptor KO mice.Key ResultsMDL‐11,939 was the only drug having no effect on the basal activity of 5‐HT2A receptor. Altanserin and pimavanserin decreased basal activation of Gi1, but not Gq/11 proteins. This effect was blocked by MDL‐11,939 and absent in 5‐HT2A receptor KO mice. Volinanserin showed 5‐HT2A receptor‐mediated inverse agonism both on Gi1 and Gq/11 proteins. Ketanserin exhibited 5‐HT2A receptor partial agonism exclusively on Gq/11 proteins. On the other hand, eplivanserin and nelotanserin displayed inverse agonism on Gq/11 and/or Gi1 proteins, which was insensitive to MDL‐11,939 and was present in KO mice suggesting a role for another receptor.Conclusion and ImplicationsThe results reveal the existence of constitutively active 5‐HT2A receptors in human pre‐frontal cortex and demonstrate different pharmacological profiles of various 5‐HT2A receptor drugs previously considered antagonists. These findings indicate that altanserin and pimavanserin possess biased inverse agonist profile towards 5‐HT2A receptor activation of Gi1 proteins.
Transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 channel modulates the abuse‐related mechanisms of methamphetamine through interaction with dopamine transporter
Authors: Hur Kwang‐Hyun , Lee Youyoung , Donio Audrey Lynn , Kim Seon‐Kyung , Lee Bo‐Ram , Seo Jee‐Yeon , Kundu Dooti , Kim Kyeong‐Man , Kohut Stephen J. , Lee Seok‐Yong , Jang Choon‐Gon 
Published: April 2024

Background and PurposeMethamphetamine (METH) use disorder has risen dramatically over the past decade, and there are currently no FDA‐approved medications due, in part, to gaps in our understanding of the pharmacological mechanisms related to METH action in the brain.Experimental ApproachHere, we investigated whether transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) mediates each of several METH abuse‐related behaviours in rodents: self‐administration, drug‐primed reinstatement, acquisition of conditioned place preference, and hyperlocomotion. Additionally, METH‐induced molecular (i.e., neurotransmitter and protein) changes in the brain were compared between wild‐type and TRPA1 knock‐out mice. Finally, the relationship between TRPA1 and the dopamine transporter was investigated through immunoprecipitation and dopamine reuptake assays.Key ResultsTRPA1 antagonism blunted METH self‐administration and drug‐primed reinstatement of METH‐seeking behaviour. Further, development of METH‐induced conditioned place preference and hyperlocomotion were inhibited by TRPA1 antagonist treatment, effects that were not observed in TRPA1 knock‐out mice. Similarly, molecular studies revealed METH‐induced increases in dopamine levels and expression of dopamine system‐related proteins in wild‐type, but not in TRPA1 knock‐out mice. Furthermore, pharmacological blockade of TRPA1 receptors reduced the interaction between TRPA1 and the dopamine transporter, thereby increasing dopamine reuptake activity by the transporter.Conclusion and ImplicationsThis study demonstrates that TRPA1 is involved in the abuse‐related behavioural effects of METH, potentially through its modulatory role in METH‐induced activation of dopaminergic neurotransmission. Taken together, these data suggest that TRPA1 may be a novel therapeutic target for treating METH use disorder.
Learned Inference of Annual Ring Pattern of Solid Wood
Authors: Larsson Maria , Ijiri Takashi , Shen I‐Chao , Yoshida Hironori , Shamir Ariel , Igarashi Takeo 
Published: April 2024

AbstractWe propose a method for inferring the internal anisotropic volumetric texture of a given wood block from annotated photographs of its external surfaces. The global structure of the annual ring pattern is represented using a continuous spatial scalar field referred to as the growth time field (GTF). First, we train a generic neural model that can represent various GTFs using procedurally generated training data. Next, we fit the generic model to the GTF of a given wood block based on surface annotations. Finally, we convert the GTF to an annual ring field (ARF) revealing the layered pattern and apply neural style transfer to render orientation‐dependent small‐scale features and colors on a cut surface. We show rendered results of various physically cut real wood samples. Our method has physical and virtual applications such as cut‐preview before subtractive fabricating solid wood artifacts and simulating object breaking.