bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hybrid GRU-CNN bilinear parameters initialization for quantum approximate optimization algorithm
Authors: Xu Zuyu , Cai Pengnian , Shen Kang , Yang Tao , Hu Yuanming , Gong Maogao , Zhu Yunlai , Wu Zuheng , Dai Yuehua , Yang Fei 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA), a pivotal paradigm in the realm of variational quantum algorithms (VQAs), offers promising computational advantages for tackling combinatorial optimization problems. Well-defined initial circuit parameters, responsible for preparing a parameterized quantum state encoding the solution, play a key role in optimizing QAOA. However, classical optimization techniques encounter challenges in discerning optimal parameters that align with the optimal solution. In this work, we propose a hybrid optimization approach that integrates Gated Recurrent Units (GRU), Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN), and a bilinear strategy as an innovative alternative to conventional optimizers for predicting optimal parameters of QAOA circuits. GRU serves to stochastically initialize favorable parameters for depth-1 circuits, while CNN predicts initial parameters for depth-2 circuits based on the optimized parameters of depth-1 circuits. To assess the efficacy of our approach, we conducted a comparative analysis with traditional initialization methods using QAOA on Erdős-Rényi graph instances, revealing superior optimal approximation ratios. We employ the bilinear strategy to initialize QAOA circuit parameters at greater depths, with reference parameters obtained from GRU-CNN optimization. This approach allows us to forecast parameters for a depth-12 QAOA circuit, yielding a remarkable approximation ratio of 0.998 across 10 qubits, which surpasses that of the random initialization strategy and the PPN2 method at a depth of 10. The proposed hybrid GRU-CNN bilinear optimization method significantly improves the effectiveness and accuracy of parameters initialization, offering a promising iterative framework for QAOA that elevates its performance.
Chitosan based ethanolic Allium Sativum extract hydrogel film: a novel skin tissue regeneration platform for 2nd degree burn wound healing
Authors: Wang Jing , Ismail Mohammad , Khan Nauman Rahim , Khan Dur-E-Najaf , Iftikhar Tayyaba , Shahid Memuna Ghafoor , Shah Shefaat Ullah , Rehman Zahid Ur 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This study investigated the potential of ethanolic garlic extract-loaded chitosan hydrogel film for burn wound healing in an animal model. The ethanolic garlic extract was prepared by macerating fresh ground garlic cloves in ethanol for 24 h, followed by filtration and concentration using a rotary evaporator. Hydrogels were then prepared by casting a chitosan solution with garlic extract added at varying concentrations for optimization and, following drying, subjected to various characterization tests, including moisture adsorption (MA), water vapor transmission rate (WVTR), and water vapor permeability rate (WVPR), erosion, swelling, tensile strength, vibrational, and thermal analysis, and surface morphology. The optimized hydrogel (G2) was then analyzed in vivo for its potential for healing 2nd degree burn wounds in rats, and histological examination of skin samples on day 14 of the healing period. Results showed optimized hydrogel (G2; chitosan: 2 g, garlic extract: 1 g) had MA of 56.8% ± 2.7%, WVTR and WVPR of 0.00074 ± 0.0002, and 0.000 498 946 ± 0.0001, eroded up to 11.3% ± 0.05%, 80.7% ± 0.04% of swelling index, and tensile strength of 16.6 ± 0.9 MPa, which could be attributed to the formation of additional linkages between formulation ingredients and garlic extract constituents at OH/NH and C=O, translating into an increase in transition melting temperature and enthalpy (ΔT = 238.83 °C ± 1.2 °C, ΔH = 4.95 ± 0.8 J g−1) of the chitosan moieties compared with blank. Animal testing revealed G2 formulation significantly reduced the wound size within 14 d of the experiment (37.3 ± 6.8–187.5 ± 21.5 mm2) and had significantly higher reepithelization (86.3 ± 6.8–26.8 ± 21.5 and 38.2% ± 15.3%) compared to untreated and blank groups by hastening uniform and compact deposition of collagen fibers at the wound site, cementing developed formulation a promising platform for skin regeneration.
Effect of solid solution and aging treatment on the microstructure, mechanical properties, corrosion behavior and antimicrobial properties of Ti-5Mn alloys
Authors: Xie YanChun , Wang Xiaodong , Xuan Anwu , Li Yangyang , Yu Hailong , Zhang Erlin 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
In this paper, Ti-5Mn alloy was subjected to different heat treatments to explore the possibility of preparing antimicrobial Ti-Mn alloys and to examine the effect of precipitate on the properties of the alloy. The microstructure, phase composition, hardness, biocorrosion properties and antimicrobial properties of Ti-5Mn alloys after different heat treatments was analyzed by metallurgical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), x-ray diffraction (XRD), microhardness tests, electrochemical tests and antimicrobial tests. The results have shown that the phase composition of the solid solution treated Ti-5Mn(T4) was mainly β-Ti phase, and the aged Ti-5Mn was composed of α-Ti phase and Ti17Mn3 phase, while Ti17Mn3 precipitate gradually increased with the extension of the aging time. Ti-5Mn(T4) showed the highest hardness and the best corrosion resistance and the aging process reduced the hardness of Ti-5Mn(T4) alloy. With the precipitation of Ti17Mn3, the corrosion resistance of the alloy became worse and the hardness was reduced, but the corrosion resistance of Ti-5Mn alloy was still better than that of cp-Ti. It was demonstrated that Ti-5Mn(T4) exhibited no antibacterial properties against Staphylococcus aureus, but the aging treatment improved the antibacterial property of Ti-5Mn(T4) alloy, and the antibacterial rate of Ti-5Mn alloy reached 69% after 50 h aging treatment.
Simulation of flip-flow screening adhesive organic fertilizer particles based on DEM-MBD coupling method
Authors: Chen Kaisheng , Chen Yan , Ding Saifei 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
For screening adhesive organic fertilizer particles, a Discrete Element Method (DEM) and Multi-Body Dynamics (MBD) coupling model of screening adhesive organic fertilizer particles using a flip-flow screen is established. Then, the velocity, the distribution and the trajectory of the particles during the screening process are observed. Finally, the effects of the surface energy γ, the rotational speed n, the tensional amount ∆l and the feed rate M are investigated. The results show that the flip-flow screen could provide a high velocity for depolymerization of agglomerated particles and separation of adhesive particles from the screen panels, so adhesive organic fertilizer particles can be successfully screened by using the flip-flow screen and organic fertilizer particles in an easily absorbed range are obtained. With the increase of γ, both the flow rate and the screening efficiency decrease. With the increase of n, both first increase and then slightly decrease. With the increase of ∆l, both increase at a low n, or slightly decrease at a high n. With the increase of M, the screening efficiency decreases, while the total flow rate first increases and then decreases. Through adjusting n, ∆l, M, flip-flow screen can also be used to screen other adhesive particles.
Landau theory of barocaloric plastic crystals
Authors: Marín-Delgado R , Moya X , Guzmán-Verri G G 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
We present a minimal Landau theory of plastic-to-crystal phase transitions in which the key components are a multipole-moment order parameter that describes the orientational ordering of the constituent molecules, coupling between such order parameter and elastic strains, and thermal expansion. We illustrate the theory with the simplest non-trivial model in which the orientational ordering is described by a quadrupole moment, and use such model to calculate barocaloric effects in plastic crystals that are driven by hydrostatic pressure. The model captures characteristic features of plastic-to-crystal phase transitions, namely large changes in volume and entropy at the transition, as well as the linear dependence of the transition temperature with pressure. We identify temperature regions in the barocaloric response associated with the individual plastic and crystal phases, and those involving the phase transition. Our model is in overall agreement with previous experiments in powdered samples of fullerite C60, and predicts peak isothermal entropy changes of

∼

90

J

K

−
1

kg

−
1

and peak adiabatic temperature changes of

∼

35

K

under

0.60

GPa at

265

K in fullerite single crystals.
Orthogonality preserving maps on a Grassmann space in semifinite factors
Authors: Shi Weijuan , Shen Junhao , Dou Yan-Ni , Zhang Haiyan 
Published: June 2024

Let

M

\mathcal M

be a semifinite factor with a fixed faithful normal semifinite tracial weight

τ
\tau

such that

τ
(
I
)
=
∞

\tau (I)=\infty

. Denote by

P

(

M

,
τ
)

\mathscr P(\mathcal M,\tau )

the set of all projections in

M

\mathcal M

and

P

∞

(

M

,
τ
)
=
{
P
∈

P

(

M

,
τ
)
:
τ
(
P
)
=
τ
(
I
−
P
)
=
∞
}

\mathscr P^{\infty }(\mathcal M,\tau )=\{P\in \mathscr P(\mathcal M,\tau ): \tau (P)=\tau (I-P)=\infty \}

. In this paper, as a generalization of Uhlhorn’s theorem, we establish the general form of orthogonality preserving maps on the Grassmann space

P

∞

(

M

,
τ
)

\mathscr P^{\infty }(\mathcal M,\tau )

. We prove that every such map on

P

∞

(

M

,
τ
)

\mathscr P^{\infty }(\mathcal M,\tau )

can be extended to a Jordan

∗
*

-isomorphism

ρ
\rho

of

M

\mathcal M

onto

M

\mathcal M

.
Teaching Honesty in a Populist Era
Authors: Stitzlein Sarah M 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Honesty matters. Seeking and telling the truth impacts our ability to thrive in the world, physically, socially, and politically. Recent struggles in democracy, especially those related to the rise of populism and post-truth, have jeopardized the role of honesty in civic and political life. In a world swirling with competing political groups spouting conflicting facts, citizens are left unsure whom to trust and which facts are true. Honesty fosters the sorts of relationships between citizens that enable civic reasoning as we solve shared problems and figure out how to live together. Despite its importance, honesty receives very little attention in most schools. This book seeks to clarify the relationships between honesty, truth, trust, and healthy democratic living from the philosophical perspective of pragmatism. Situating citizenship education within that pragmatist framework, it describes how we might better cultivate honesty, thereby reviving democratic life, especially our ability to engage in civic reasoning about shared problems well. This book describes what honesty is, how it is connected to truth, why both are important to and at risk in democracies today, and how we should teach honesty and truth in schools. The book offers an improved path forward within our schools by detailing how to cultivate habits of truth-seeking and truth-telling. Such honesty will better enable citizens to navigate our difficult political moment while also increasing the likelihood that citizens can craft long-term solutions for democratic life together.
Honesty and the World Today
Authors: Stitzlein Sarah M 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This chapter introduces typical understandings of what honesty is and how it is connected to truth. It describes common accounts of honesty as a virtue and of truth as a correspondence between what we say or believe and an actual state of affairs that exists objectively. It shows how populism, in particular, presents an alternative account of what honesty is and operates with a post-truth understanding that debunks the existence of an objective account of reality. It defines populism and shows how it gives rise to problematic ways of understanding and practicing honesty. Then it introduces pragmatism as an alternative that captures some of the more democratizing elements of populism, while heading off some of its more worrisome tendencies to devalue honesty. It explains how pragmatists determine truth as “what works” to bring about flourishing for oneself and others.
The Role of Honesty in Teaching About Controversial Issues
Authors: Stitzlein Sarah M 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This chapter responds to a rash of recent legislation that seeks to curb the discussion of controversial issues in schools, especially those perceived to be divisive because they entail contested aspects of race, gender, and sexuality and the oppression that may relate to each. Whereas many educators have been quick to call for classroom discussion of contentious issues, this chapter reveals limitations of such an approach. It then shows how pragmatist inquiry avoids some of the shortfalls of only doing discussion and goes further in helping students not just learn about divisive issues but also engage them in more richly democratic ways. Without honest accounts of even potentially divisive subjects, students will not come to fully understand those issues, how to navigate them with fellow citizens, or how to solve problems that arise from them. This approach recenters honesty in order to heal and improve democracy.
Kidney involvement in myelodysplastic syndromes
Authors: Lafargue Marie-Camille , Duong Van Huyen Jean-Paul , Rennke Helmut G , Essig Marie , Bobot Mickaël , Jourde-Chiche Noémie , Sakhi Hamza , KARRAS Alexandre , Boudhabhay Idris , Brunet Philippe , Boulay Hugoline , Grobost Vincent , Philipponnet Carole , Jeannel Juliette , Chemouny Jonathan , Boffa Jean-Jacques , Braham-Stambouli Dorra , Selamet Umut , Riella Leonardo V , Fain Olivier , Adès Lionel , Fenaux Pierre , Cohen Camille , Mekinian Arsène 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT

Introduction
The objective of this study was to describe kidney involvement in patients with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS), their treatments, and outcomes.

Methods
We conducted a multicenter retrospective study in seven centers, identifying MDS patients with acute kidney injury (AKI), chronic kidney disease (CKD), and urine abnormalities.

Results
Fifteen patients developed a kidney disease 3 months after MDS diagnosis. Median urine protein-to-creatinine ratio was 1.9 g/g, and median serum creatinine was 3.2 mg/dL. Ten patients had AKI at presentation, and 12 had extra-renal symptoms. The renal diagnoses included anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis (AAV), ANCA negative vasculitis, C3 glomerulonephritis, immune complex-mediated glomerulonephritis, polyarteritis nodosa, and IgA vasculitis. All patients but one received a specific treatment for the MDS-associated kidney injury. The effect of MDS treatment on kidney injury could be assessed in six patients treated with azacitidine, and renal function evolution was heterogenous. After a median follow-up of 14 months, four patients had CKD stage 3, five had CKD stage 4, and three had end stage kidney disease. On the other hand, three evolved to an acute myeloid leukemia and three died. Compared to 84 MDS controls, patients who had kidney involvement were younger, had a higher number of dysplasia lineages, and were more eligible to receive hypomethylating agents, but no survival difference was seen between the two groups. Compared to 265 AAV without MDS, the ten with MDS-associated pauci-immune vasculitis were older, ANCA serology was more frequently negative, and more cutaneous lesions were seen.

Conclusion
The spectrum of kidney injuries associated with MDS is mostly represented by vasculitis with glomerular involvement, and especially AAV.
Intraplatelet miRNA-126 regulates thrombosis and its reduction contributes to platelet inhibition
Authors: Zhang Lu-Jun , Hu Yang-Xi , Huang Rong-Zhong , Xu Yan-Yan , Dong Shao-Hua , Guo Fang-Hao , Guo Jun-Jun , Qiu Jing-Jing , Cao Zi-Yun , Wei Li-Jiang , Mao Jia-Hao , Lyu Ankang , Liu Jun-Ling , Zhao Xian-Xian , Guo Zhi-Fu , Jing Qing 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Aims
MicroRNA-126 (miR-126), one of the most abundant microRNAs in platelets, is involved in the regulation of platelet activity and the circulating miR-126 is reduced during antiplatelet therapy. However, whether intraplatelet miR-126 plays a role in thrombosis and platelet inhibition remains unclear.

Methods and results
Here, using tissue-specific knockout mice, we reported that the deficiency of miR-126 in platelets and vascular endothelial cells significantly prevented thrombosis and prolonged bleeding time. Using chimeric mice, we identified that the lack of intraplatelet miR-126 significantly prevented thrombosis. Ex vivo experiments further demonstrated that miR-126-deficient platelets displayed impaired platelet aggregation, spreading, and secretory functions. Next, miR-126 was confirmed to target phosphoinositol-3 kinase regulatory subunit 2 (PIK3R2) in platelet, which encodes a negative regulator of the phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B pathway, enhancing platelet activation through activating the integrin αIIbβ3-mediated outside-in signalling. After undergoing myocardial infarction (MI), chimeric mice lacking intraplatelet miR-126 displayed reduced microvascular obstruction and prevented MI expansion in vivo. In contrast, overexpression of miR-126 by the administration of miR-126 agonist (agomiR-126) in wild-type mice aggravated microvascular obstruction and promoted MI expansion, which can be almost abolished by aspirin administration. In patients with cardiovascular diseases, antiplatelet therapies, either aspirin alone or combined with clopidogrel, decreased the level of intraplatelet miR-126. The reduction of intraplatelet miR-126 level was associated with the decrease in platelet activity.

Conclusion
Our murine and human data reveal that (i) intraplatelet miR-126 contributes to platelet activity and promotes thrombus formation, and (ii) the reduction of intraplatelet miR-126 contributes to platelet inhibition during antiplatelet therapy.
‘The trivial tickets build the trust’: a co-design approach to understanding security support interactions in a large university
Authors: Demjaha Albesë , Pym David , Caulfield Tristan , Parkin Simon 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Increasingly, organizations are acknowledging the importance of human factors in the management of security in workplaces. There are challenges in managing security infrastructures in which there may be centrally mandated and locally managed initiatives to promote secure behaviours. We apply a co-design methodology to harmonize employee behaviour and centralized security management in a large university. This involves iterative rounds of interviews connected by the co-design methodology: 14 employees working with high-value data with specific security needs; seven support staff across both local and central IT and IT-security support teams; and two senior security decision-makers in the organization. We find that employees prefer local support together with assurances that they are behaving securely, rather than precise instructions that lack local context. Trust in support teams that understand local needs also improves engagement, especially for employees who are unsure what to do. Policy is understood by employees through their interactions with support staff and when they see colleagues enacting secure behaviours in the workplace. The iterative co-design approach brings together the viewpoints of a range of employee groups and security decision-makers that capture key influences that drive secure working practices. We provide recommendations for improvements to workplace security, including recognizing that communication of the policy is as important as what is in the policy.
Imaging and mechanisms of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: a state-of-the-art review
Authors: Harada Tomonari , Tada Atsushi , Borlaug Barry A 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Understanding of the pathophysiology of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) has advanced rapidly over the past two decades. Currently, HFpEF is recognized as a heterogeneous syndrome, and there is a growing movement towards developing personalized treatments based on phenotype-guided strategies. Left ventricular dysfunction is a fundamental pathophysiological abnormality in HFpEF; however, recent evidence also highlights significant roles for the atria, right ventricle, pericardium, and extracardiac contributors. Imaging plays a central role in characterizing these complex and highly integrated domains of pathophysiology. This review focuses on established evidence, recent insights, and the challenges that need to be addressed concerning the pathophysiology of HFpEF, with a focus on imaging-based evaluations and opportunities for further research.
The N-S direction strike-slip activities in the Pamir hinterland under oblique convergence: the 2015 and 2023 earthquakes
Authors: He Ping , Wen Yangmao , Wang Xiaohang , Cai Jianfeng 
Published: June 2024

SUMMARY
The prominent Pamir plateau holds considerable significance in comprehending the processes of Asian continental collisional orogeny. However, due to harsh natural conditions and low seismic activity within the Pamir hinterland, our understanding of this region remains deficient. Recent major events and the accumulation of geodetic observations present a rare opportunity for us to get insights into the tectonic activities and orogenic processes occurring in this region. First, employing Sentinel-1 and Advanced Land Observation Satellite (ALOS)-2 Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) images, we acquire coseismic displacements associated with the most recent earthquakes in 2015 and 2023. Subsequently, we conduct the source models inversion with the constraints of surface displacements based on a finite-fault model. Our results reveal displacements ranging from −0.8 to 0.8 m for the 2015 Mw 7.2 Tajik earthquake and −0.25 to 0.25 m for the 2023 Mw 6.9 Murghob event, respectively. The optimal three-segment model for the 2015 event ruptured a fault length of 89 km with a surface rupture extending 59 km along the Sarez–Karakul fault (SKF), characterized predominantly by left-lateral strike-slip motion, with a maximum slip of 3.5 m. Meanwhile, our preferred uniform slip model suggests that the 2023 event ruptured an unmapped fault in the southern Pamir region with a strike angle of 31° and a dip angle of 76.8°. The distributed slip model indicates that the 2023 event ruptured a fault length of 32 km, resulting in an 8 km surface rupture. This event is characterized by left-lateral strike slip, with a peak slip of 2.2 m. Secondly, the Coulomb stress calculations demonstrate that the 2023 event was impeded by the 2015 event. Finally, interseismic Global Positioning System data revel a relative motion of 3.4–5.7 mm yr−1 in the N-S component and 3.2–3.8 mm yr−1 in the E-W component along the SKF in the Pamir hinterland, respectively. These N-S direction strike-slip activities and slip behaviours support an ongoing strong shear and extension in the Pamir regime, which is a response to the oblique convergence between the Indian and Eurasian plates.