bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Well Older Adults within an Urban Context: Strategies to Create and Maintain Social Participation
Authors: Andonian Lynne , MacRae Anne 
Published: January 2011

Introduction: Social participation has been found to promote health and wellbeing for older adults. In this study, well older adults participated in photovoice to explore how they create and maintain social participation while living alone in an urban community in California. Method: Photovoice is an action research method in which people create and discuss photographs, and then share them with legislators, policy makers and health care providers to generate personal and community change. Photographs convey the participants' points of view directly and show others what life is like for a given group of people. Findings: The study found that social participation is promoted through a sense of belonging, acceptance of differences and change, and healthy and active living. Barriers to social participation included access to safe transportation and costs associated with resources. Conclusion: The results of this study are important and inform occupational therapy intervention, such as advocating for community resources, connecting people with available resources, helping older adults to develop healthy routines, and promoting a sense of membership through participation in valued activities to support social participation for older adults living alone in urban environments.
‘It's a New Way of Life’: An Exploration of the Occupational Transition of Retirement
Authors: Pettican Anna , Prior Sarah 
Published: January 2011

Introduction: The aim of this study was to explore the work to retirement transition, from an occupational perspective. Participants' personal reports of experiences relating to the occupational transition of retirement, and its impact on health and wellbeing, were examined. Method: Eight participants who had recently retired were recruited purposively. They were interviewed using semi-structured interviews, focusing on the areas of previous employment, experience of the retirement transition, occupational balance and reflection on the impact on health and wellbeing. The research used interpretative phenomenological analysis to guide data collection and analysis. Findings and conclusion: Three superordinate themes emerged: the process of retirement; purpose, doing and wellbeing; and retirement as a new life stage. These themes suggested that the retirement transition was a period of significant readjustment and that there was a close relationship between participants' engagement in occupation and their perceived health and wellbeing.
The Routines and Rituals of Families of Typically Developing Children Compared with Families of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: An Exploratory Study
Authors: Rodger Sylvia , Umaibalan Vidya 
Published: January 2011

Purpose: The construction of routines and rituals plays a significant role in the organisation of daily activities and the health and wellbeing of families. Studies have revealed that the pervasive nature of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) influences the development of functional routines and meaningful rituals. However, there is limited information on the extent of this influence on families of children with autism compared with families with typically developing (TD) children. Procedures: The mothers of children aged 2–6 years completed the Family Routines Inventory (FRI) and the Family Ritual Questionnaire (FRQ) to compare the role of routines and rituals in families with TD children (n = 10) and families of children with ASD (n = 12). Findings: The findings revealed higher mean scores across all variables for the TD group compared with the ASD group, except for ‘FRQ Planning’; however, the differences were not significant. The only significant difference between the groups was ‘FRQ vacations' which revealed a higher score (t(20) = −2.30, p = 0.032) in the TD group, suggesting that families in the ASD group may organise and participate in fewer vacations. Conclusion: When addressing the challenges faced by families of children with ASD, occupational therapists must consider the significant role of establishing functional family routines and rituals. These may provide structure and organisation and promote the health and wellbeing of families.
Resisting Theoretical Imperialism in the Disciplines of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy
Authors: Hammell Karen Whalley 
Published: January 2011

Background: Claiming that the degree of consensus within an academic discipline is a marker of sustainability, some occupational scientists have challenged members of their discipline to work towards philosophical and conceptual consensus. However, because dominant theories of occupation reflect specific Western perspectives, proposing consensus suggests either that the global majority ought to conform to Western perspectives or that Western perspectives are assumed to be universal. Method: Issues confronting occupational theorists (scientists and therapists) are not unique. Accordingly, this paper employs illustrative examples from feminist theory displaying the assumption of universal perspectives and propensity to theoretical imperialism. “These examples are used to highlight the necessity and value of incorporating cultural diversity within theory. Discussion: Dominant feminists' theories were challenged by women of colour, third world and colonised women, lesbians, and disabled, working class, older and poor women, and their underlying universal assumptions were exposed as heterosexist, classist, ableist, racist and an inadequate basis for theory. This review suggests that knowledge is partial and situated, and that theories prevail due not to their intrinsic superiority but to superior power. Conclusion: Occupational scientists and occupational therapy's theorists are exhorted to draw from a diversity of cultural perspectives, such that theories are inclusive rather than exclusive.
Wheelchair Pushing Forces over a Vinyl and a New Shock-Absorbing Flooring
Authors: Minns Julian , Tracey Sue 
Published: January 2011

Introduction: A new shock-absorbing flooring has been developed for use in Institutions that provide care for the older person. This flooring aims to prevent or reduce injuries that occur on impact with the floor following a fall. There was a concern, however, that the forces required to push wheelchairs and similar heavy equipment over the shock-absorbing flooring may be much larger than over conventional vinyl flooring and could have risk implications for safe moving and handling, This study was designed to assess the push-to-start force (termed ‘stiction’ force) and the constant speed force (Vc) for the new flooring and to compare these results with those over regular vinyl flooring. Method: An instrumented standard wheelchair was used in the study, with different weights that would cover a range of normal usage. Results: The force to overcome the initial resistance and to push at a constant speed was greater over the shock-absorbing flooring than over the 2 mm vinyl. The forces increased with subject weight, the maximum stiction force being 63 N (14.2 Ibf) and 39 N (8.8 Ibf) pushing at a constant speed of 3 km/hr, for a total weight of 125 kg. Conclusion: This is a significant increase in force required to push a weighted 8L wheelchair over the shock-absorbing flooring. There would be similar increases in the pushing forces for other wheeled equipment, such as beds.
Visual Art in Physical Rehabilitation: Experiences of People with Neurological Conditions
Authors: Symons Jane , Clark Hannah , Williams Kerry , Hansen Emily , Orpin Peter 
Published: January 2011

Aims: The aims of this study were to understand the experience of participation in visual art from the perspective of adults undergoing outpatient physical rehabilitation and to determine whether art has a place in this context. Method: This qualitative study involved interviewing adults who attended a weekly art class run by a qualified art teacher and occupational therapists in an outpatient physical rehabilitation setting. Nine participants with neurological conditions discussed their experience of the programme and the goals they were working towards or had achieved through painting. Findings: The themes that emerged from the study show that art contributed to the participants meeting their individual rehabilitation goals. It also assisted the participants in using time, increasing enjoyment, regaining confidence and planning for engagement in future activities. All these achievements were seen by the participants to contribute to their rehabilitation or recovery. The identified themes align with the aims of rehabilitation and are similar to findings from many other studies investigating the use of art by people affected by illness or disability. Conclusion: The findings of this study inform clinical practice in the use of visual art with clients in rehabilitation and validate its place in a physical rehabilitation programme.
The World is One Great Hospital
Authors: Gougelet David-Olivier 
Published: January 2011

This article attempts to locate the origin of Foucault’s work on biopolitics and biopower in his writings on medicine and medicalization. Though the concept of biopower is most closely associated with Foucault’ genealogy of the dispositif of sexuality, this essay sets aside the question of sexuality and examines more closely the archeology and genealogy of the medical dispositif to which Foucault dedicated a significant portion of his work throughout the 60’s and 70’s, in order to locate therein the lineage of his thought on biopower and biopolitics.
Genetic Enhancement and the Biopolitical Horizon of Class Conflict
Authors: Roberts Wade 
Published: January 2011

In this paper I argue that the widespread use of liberal eugenics would establish a biopolitical horizon for class conflict. In the course of my discussion, I examine Foucault’s discussion of the origins of class racism in Society Must Be Defended. I then turn to an examination of how a widespread use of genetic engineering could aggravate class divisions and produce new forms of class racism. I conclude the essay with an overview of the political options which are available to opponents of liberal eugenics.
Julia Kristeva’s Maternal Passions
Authors: Oliver Kelly 
Published: January 2011

This article critically engages Julia Kristeva’s latest work on maternal passion as an antidote to what she calls “feminine fatigue.” Oliver elaborates, criticizes, and expands Kristeva’s view that maternity can be a model for thinking about passion and its relation to creativity and even to ethics. She relates Kristeva’s thinking about feminine fatigue to contemporary feminism in the United States.
Pragmatism and Existential Philosophy
Authors: Lipps Hans , Hills Jason 
Published: January 2011

Hans Lipps compares pragmatism (William James and John Dewey) existentialism (Friedrich Nietzsche, Soren Kierkegaard, and Martin Heidegger) in this 1936 article translated from French. He claims that they aim at the same goals, e.g., a return to lived experience and a rejection of the Cartesian legacy in philosophy. While summarizing the commonalities of each, he engages in a polemic against philosophy then that remains relevant now into the next century.
Safety and Efficacy of Electrospun Polycarbonate-Urethane Vascular Graft for Early Hemodialysis Access: First Clinical Results in Man
Authors: Wijeyaratne Serosha M. , Kannangara Lushanthi 
Published: January 2011

Objectives The purpose of this study was to assess the safety and efficacy of an electrospun multilayered, self-sealing polycarbonate-urethane graft for early hemodialysis access in patients. Method Seventeen eligible consenting patients had a polycarbonate-urethane graft (AVflo™) implanted and followed up prospectively for 12 months or to the end of secondary patency. Performance measures included graft patency, complications, time to first cannulation, and hemostasis times after needle withdrawal. Results All patients were of Asian origin (mean age 57 years, range 29–78). Diabetes mellitus was the most common cause of renal failure (52.9%). There were no systemic or local reactions to the graft. Five patients (29.4%) died due to medical complications unrelated to the device. There was 1 pseudoaneurysm, 3 infected grafts that subsequently thrombosed, and 1 primary thrombosis associated with thrombophilia. One venous stenosis needed balloon angioplasty. Primary and secondary patency rates at 6 months were 72.7% and 81.8%, and at 12 months, 54.5% and 72.7%, respectively. Postimplantation vascular access needs were met entirely by the graft in every instance and prevented the need for venous catheters. Fifty-six percent were accessed within 8 days, the earliest being 48 hours. Finally, all arterial punctures and 98% of venous punctures had sealed in less than 5 minutes, with two thirds sealing off within 3 minutes of needle withdrawal. Conclusion The electrospun polycarbonate-urethane graft is safe in humans, permits early access obviating the need for venous catheters, and has equivalent patency to other prosthetic grafts at 1 year.
Speech camp for children with cleft lip and/or palate in Thailand
Authors: Prathanee Benjamas , Lorwatanapongsa Preeya , Makarabhirom Kalyanee , Suphawatjariyakul Ratchanee , Wattanawongsawang Worawan , Prohmtong Sirinakorn , Thanaviratananit Panida 
Published: January 2011

Abstract
Background: There is a critical need for speech therapy services for people born with cleft lip and/or palate in developing countries.
Objective: Assess the effectiveness of a speech camp and follow-up session for children with cleft lip and/or palate.
Methods: A Community-Based Model for Speech therapy was implemented at Suwanaphum Hospital District, Roiet, Thailand. Thirteen children with cleft lip and/or palate (3; 6-13 years) attended a four-day speech camp and a one-day follow-up session (six months later) for remediation of their articulation disorders. Paraprofessional training was also provided. Pre- and post-tests were administered to the participants, caregivers, and paraprofessionals to determine the effectiveness of the program. A pre- and post-articulation test, as well as an audiological evaluation were administered. Five speech and language pathologists provided speech therapy, both individual and group, for a total of 18 hours during the four-day speech camp and six hours in the one-day follow-up session. The median difference of the number of articulation errors was determined by results of the Wilcoxon Signed-Rank Test.
Results: There was a significant decrease in articulation errors following both the main speech camp and the follow-up session (z = 3.11, p < 0.01; z = 2.87, p<0.01, respectively). Caregivers’ and health care providers’ satisfaction ratings for participation in the speech camps ranged from good to excellent.
Conclusion: A Community-Based Model of both a speech camp and follow-up session provided an effective speech therapy treatment for children with cleft lip and/or palate.
Re-exploration of the rectus femoris tendon to sartorius transfer in children with spastic cerebral palsy
Authors: Limpaphayom Noppachart , Prasongchin Pairatch 
Published: January 2011

Abstract
Background: The rational of rectus femoris tendon transfer is to use a spastic rectus femoris tendon as a knee flexor during swing phase of gait cycle. However, the concept of the rectus femoris tendon transfer has been challenged by the evidence of scar tissue formation along the transferred tendon route.
Objective: Examine the surgical technique for rectus femoris tendon transfer to the sartorius at the index procedure and report the findings at the anchoring site during the re-exploration.
Methods: Three knees were examined in two patients with spastic cerebral palsy who developed recurrent flexion contracture at 18 months after the rectus femoris tendon to sartorius surgery. They underwent femoral shortening procedures and re-exploration at the rectus femoris tendon to sartorius transfer site simultaneously to correct flexion contracture. The transferred tendon route was examined. The anchoring site at the sartorius was manually tested. The follow-up period after the re-exploration procedure ranged from 7-60 months (mean: 37 months).
Results: All three rectus femoris tendons were in a straight line, and glided smoothly on the new route with minimal scar tissue formation. The anchoring site at the sartorius was well healed, and the knee flexion was observed upon manual testing. Degree of knee flexion contracture ranged from 15 to 35 degrees (mean: 27 degrees) before re-exploration procedure. It was 5 to -5 degrees (mean: 0 degree) at the recent follow-up. All patients maintained their ambulatory status.
Conclusion: The present technique for rectus femoris tendon to sartorius transfer gave a straight-line transfer over smooth gliding path and provided a secure anchoring site. It converted the function of the transferred tendon from a knee extensor to a knee flexor and created minimal scar formation with smooth gliding path.
Accessory brachial artery: a case report, embryological background and clinical relevance
Authors: Kachlik David , Konarik Marek , Urban Miroslav , Baca Vaclav 
Published: January 2011

Abstract
Background: The accessory brachial artery (arteria brachialis accessoria) is a rare upper limb vascular abnormality, reported in less than one percent of cases. It is the artery originating from the axillary artery or the brachial artery, which rejoins the brachial artery further along its distal course within the arm or cubital fossa. Its detailed knowledge is necessary in transradial transulnar catheterization during coronary procedures, mainly due to its narrow caliber, which is responsible for the failure of the intervention performance.
Objectives: Present a case of uncharacteristic branching pattern of the accessory brachial artery.
Method: The case was observed during a routine dissection in the left axilla of a female cadaver at the Department of Anatomy at the Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague.
Results: The infrapectoral part of the axillary artery gave rise to a branch that descended distally along the medial side of the arm. This artery accompanied firstly the ulnar nerve, then it diverted laterally towards the median nerve and coursed hidden behind it to re-enter the brachial artery within the distal part of the arm, next to the biceps brachii muscle. The calibre of the accessory brachial artery was two mm only.
Conclusion: The accessory brachial artery is a rare variant of the upper limb vascular system and its prevailingly narrow lumen can cause a failure of the transradial/transulnar catheterization intervention.
Emergence of the natural history of Myhre syndrome: 47 patients evaluated in the Massachusetts General Hospital Myhre Syndrome Clinic (2016–2023)
Authors: Lin Angela E. , Scimone Eleanor R. , Thom Robyn P. , Balaguru Duraisamy , Kinane T. Bernard , Moschovis Peter P. , Cohen Michael S. , Tan Weizhen , Hague Cole D. , Dannheim Katelyn , Levitsky Lynne L. , Lilly Evelyn , DiGiacomo Daniel V. , Masse Kara M. , Kadzielski Sarah M. , Zar‐Kessler Claire A. , Ginns Leo C. , Neumeyer Ann M. , Colvin Mary K. , Elder Jack S. , Learn Christopher P. , Mou Hongmei , Weagle Kathryn M. , Buch Karen A. , Butler William E. , Alhadid Kenda , Musolino Patricia L. , Sultana Sadia , Bandyopadhyay Dhrubajyoti , Rapalino Otto , Peacock Zachary S. , Chou Elizabeth L. , Heidary Gena , Dorfman Aaron T. , Morris Shaine A. , Bergin James D. , Rayment Jonathan H. , Schimmenti Lisa A. , Lindsay Mark E. ,   MGH Myhre Syndrome Study Group
Published: May 2024

AbstractMyhre syndrome is an increasingly diagnosed ultrarare condition caused by recurrent germline autosomal dominant de novo variants in SMAD4. Detailed multispecialty evaluations performed at the Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH) Myhre Syndrome Clinic (2016–2023) and by collaborating specialists have facilitated deep phenotyping, genotyping and natural history analysis. Of 47 patients (four previously reported), most (81%) patients returned to MGH at least once. For patients followed for at least 5 years, symptom progression was observed in all. 55% were female and 9% were older than 18 years at diagnosis. Pathogenic variants in SMAD4 involved protein residues p.Ile500Val (49%), p.Ile500Thr (11%), p.Ile500Leu (2%), and p.Arg496Cys (38%). Individuals with the SMAD4 variant p.Arg496Cys were less likely to have hearing loss, growth restriction, and aortic hypoplasia than the other variant groups. Those with the p.Ile500Thr variant had moderate/severe aortic hypoplasia in three patients (60%), however, the small number (n = 5) prevented statistical comparison with the other variants. Two deaths reported in this cohort involved complex cardiovascular disease and airway stenosis, respectively. We provide a foundation for ongoing natural history studies and emphasize the need for evidence‐based guidelines in anticipation of disease‐specific therapies.
Multimodality Image Segmentation Embedded with Metasurface Encoder
Authors: Xu Yaxiong , Wu Bei , Jin Hui , Qian Chao , Chen Hongsheng 
Published: May 2024

AbstractFeature dimensionality plays an important role for modern medical diagnosis and image processing. In this work, the study introduces an optoelectronic neural network for multimodal image segmentation, which dramatically improves computing speed and decreases imaging acquisition cost in brain tumor diagnostics. Multi‐layer metasurfaces are utilized as an image preprocessor that reduces image dimensionality at the physical layer. The low‐dimensional image is then processed to a U‐Net semantic segmentation network, to handle the complex and heterogeneous nature of brain image data. By using diffractive neural network, the metasurface encoder is optimized and physically constructed with high‐efficiency transmission metasurfaces. The entire optoelectronic network attains a structural similarity index measure (SSIM) of 96%, demonstrating its potential to revolutionize on‐site medical image processing with its high precision in segmenting brain imaging data.