bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High‐resolution melting analysis, a simple and effective method for reliable mutation scanning and frequency studies in the ACADVL gene
Authors: Olsen Rikke Katrine Jentoft , Dobrowolski Steven F. , Kjeldsen Margrethe , Hougaard David , Simonsen Henrik , Gregersen Niels , Andresen Brage Storstein 
Published: May 2010

AbstractExpanded newborn screening uses tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) to identify patients affected with fatty acid oxidation defects by the presence of pathological acylcarnitine esters. A caveat to MS/MS assessment is that cut‐off values for disease‐specific acylcarnitines does not always clearly discriminate affected patients from carriers and healthy individuals. Diagnostic evaluation of screening‐positive samples is required to confirm a metabolic deficiency. With MS/MS newborn screening becoming established in a growing number of countries, streamlined means for time‐ and ‐effective follow‐on diagnostic evaluation is essential. Moreover, studies to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of MS/MS newborn screening are needed for determination and adjustment of precise cut‐off values for the disease‐specific acylcarnitines. In the current study, we use the fatty acid oxidation disorder very‐long‐chain acyl‐CoA dehydrogenase deficiency (VLCADD), the second most common fatty acid oxidation disorder detected by expanded newborn screening, to demonstrate accurate and fast diagnostic evaluation of the ACADVL gene utilizing DNA extracted from the newborn screening dried bloodspot and high resolution melt (HRM) profiling. We also demonstrate that HRM is a very effective means to determine carrier frequency of prevalent ACADVL mutations in the general population. Based on estimates of the expected disease incidence, we discuss the diagnostic accuracy of MS/MS‐based newborn screening to identify VLCADD in Denmark.
APOA1/A5Variants and Haplotypes as a Risk Factor for Obesity and Better Lipid Profiles in a Brazilian Elderly Cohort
Authors: Chen Elizabeth Suchi , Furuya Tatiane Katsue , Mazzotti Diego Robles , Ota Vanessa Kiyomi , Cendoroglo Maysa Seabra , Ramos Luiz Roberto , Araujo Lara Quirino , Burbano Rommel Rodriguez , de Arruda Cardoso Smith Marília 
Published: May 2010

AbstractGenetic variations in theAPOA1/C3/A4/A5gene cluster have been studied and proposed to be the leading key for susceptibility to cardiovascular diseases and age‐associated disorders. We aimed to investigate the associations of rs12721026 (APOA1) and rs1729408 (APOA5) polymorphisms and their haplotypes with some age‐related diseases, as well as with lipids and proteins serum levels in a cohort from a Brazilian Elderly Longitudinal Study (EPIDOSO). Genotyping was performed by polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR‐RFLP). Statistical analyses were carried out using logistic regression analysis, Student'st‐test, and linkage disequilibrium (LD) analysis. Polymorphic allele frequencies were 0.095 and 0.449 for rs12721026 and rs1729408, respectively. The C‐allele of rs1729408 was associated with higher high‐density lipoprotein (HDL) (P= 0.022) and glycated hemoglobin levels (P= 0.020). We also showed that rs12721026 and rs1729408 were in LD. The GC haplotype, which is composed of the G‐allele of rs12721026 and the C‐allele of rs1729408, was significantly associated with obesity (P= 0.028), with higher glycated hemoglobin (P= 0.006), and fasting glucose (P= 0.0003) compared to the TT haplotype, which includes the wild‐type alleles of both polymorphisms. Moreover, we found an association between the TC haplotype and higher HDL levels (P= 0.0039). This is the first time that haplotypes involving these polymorphisms were evaluated. Our results showed that these polymorphisms were involved in the development of obesity and in alterations of lipids and proteins serum levels in a Brazilian population. The present findings might also clarify the role of these polymorphisms and their haplotypes in lipids and proteins metabolism.
Seed Composition and Seed Oil Antioxidant Activity of Maize Under Water Stress
Authors: Ali Qasim , Ashraf Muhammad , Anwar Farooq 
Published: May 2010

AbstractThe changes in seed composition and seed oil quality and antioxidant capacity in two maize cultivars Agaiti‐2002 (drought tolerant) and EV‐1098 (drought sensitive) grown under field drought conditions were assessed. Both maize varieties used in the present study are widely cultivated in Pakistan and are an important source for developing different maize hybrids. At the early vegetative stage, plants of both maize cultivars were subjected to normal irrigation and water stress conditions. Overall, seed oil, α‐, γ‐, δ‐ and total tocopherols, and flavonoids increased considerably due to water stress in both cultivars. However, oil phenolics carotenoid and DPPH scavenging activity were decreased due to water stress. By drawing on the relationship between different components of seed oil such as oil lipophilic antioxidant compounds, seed oil phenolics carotenoid and DPPH scavenging activity; it is clear that oil antioxidant activity was positively associated with oil phenolic and carotenoid contents.
A Method for Serial Tissue Processing and Parallel Analysis of Aberrant Crypt Morphology, Mucin Depletion, and Beta-Catenin Staining in an Experimental Model of Colon Carcinogenesis
Authors: McGinley John N , Thompson Matthew D , Thompson Henry J 
Published: May 2010

AbstractThe use of architectural and morphological characteristics of cells for establishing prognostic indicators by which individual pathologies are assigned grade and stage is a well-accepted practice. Advances in automated micro- and macroscopic image acquisition and digital image analysis have created new opportunities in the field of prognostic assessment; but, one area in experimental pathology, animal models for colon cancer, has not taken advantage of these opportunities. This situation is primarily due to the methods available to evaluate the colon of the rodent for the presence of premalignant and malignant pathologies. We report a new method for the excision and processing of the entire colon of the rat and illustrate how this procedure permitted the quantitative assessment of aberrant crypt foci (ACF), a premalignant colon pathology, for characteristics consistent with progression to malignancy. ACF were detected by methylene blue staining and subjected to quantitative morphometric analysis. Colons were then restained with high iron diamine–alcian blue for assessment of mucin depletion using an image overlay to associate morphometric data with mucin depletion. The subsequent evaluation of ACF for beta-catenin staining is also demonstrated. The methods described are particularly relevant to the screening of compounds for cancer chemopreventive activity.
Focused examination of cerebral blood flow in peri-resuscitation: a new advanced life support compliant concept—an extension of the focused echocardiography evaluation in life support examination
Authors: Haas Marco , Allendörfer Jens , Walcher Felix , Neumann-Haefelin Tobias , Blaivas Michael , Seeger Florian H. , Schreiber Stephan J. , Breitkreutz Raoul 
Published: May 2010

Abstract

Aim
To introduce a new concept of the extension of focused echocardiography evaluation in life support (FEEL) with advanced life support (ALS)-compliant duplex sonography of the extracranial internal carotid artery (ICA) blood flow velocity for monitoring of cerebral blood circulation during peri-resuscitation.

Concept and results
With respect to pulseless electrical activity states, the question of adequate cerebral blood flow (CBF) cannot be answered by echocardiography alone. Pulse checks are unreliable. To build up a concept for assessing CBF, we analyzed duplex sonography workflow in three adults on the intensive care unit (postoperative, cardiogenic shock, cardiac standstill), and in simulated procedures. We decided to use duplex flow velocity of the ICA, for it is an accepted measurement for estimating CBF and it seems to be easy to obtain a window and interpretation during peri-resuscitation. The presence of an arterial blood flow pattern and an end-diastolic flow velocity of more than 20 cm/s, arbitrarily set, is considered to indicate sufficient CBF. The method of ICA flow velocity analysis during peri-resuscitation was tentatively added to the FEEL concept and is described with algorithm, workflow and three cases. This method may give an assist to answer the question, if CBF is sufficient, when myocardial wall motion is detectable in peri-resuscitation care.

Conclusion
This new concept of an ALS-conformed analysis of ICA blood flow velocity by duplex sonography may provide a simple, fast applicable and inexpensive method to qualitatively assess CBF in the peri-resuscitation setting.
Internal and External Dynamics of Regional Cooperation in Central Asia
Authors: Rakhimov Mirzokhid 
Published: May 2010

Contemporary Central Asia in the process of transformation and facing common security challenges. The stability and security in Central Asia affected the direction of integration, patterns of regional cooperation, and building of institutions. Central Asian republics have been co-founders of regional organizations including Central Asian Cooperation Organizations (CACO), Eurasian Economic Community (EurAsEC), Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) and Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO), but their effectiveness is different. Central Asian and Caucasus republics, as well as China, Iran. Pakistan, India are involved in the process of organization and harmonization of the transport arteries and communications connecting Europe and Asia, the West and the East. There are many problems among different actors in Central Asia and Afghanistan, including Russia, US, China, the EU, NATO, OSCE and other international organizations, because they different approaches and understanding of the situation. Challenges of the 21-century require a broader partnership and cooperation. Future prospects of multilateral regional and international cooperation in Central Asia will depend on correlations of national, regional and global interests. It is necessary first of all strong dialogs between Central Asian republics itself. Central Asian geopolitical, economic and security challenges are connected and solution could come jointly. Future regional cooperation, strong international partnership would promote more stability, economic reforms and democratization to region and beyond.
Molecular classification of human endometrial cancer based on gene expression profiles from specialized microarrays
Authors: Yao YuanYang , Chen YongHua , Wang Yue , Li XiaoPing , Wang JianLiu , Shen DanHua , Wei LiHui 
Published: May 2010

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate whether the molecular classification of endometrial cancer based on gene expression profiles can predict the biological behavior of the tumors and inform prognosis.MethodsAn array containing 492 genes was used to generate gene expression profiles from 35 tumor samples. A hierarchical cluster algorithm was used to compare gene expression patterns among the tumor samples.ResultsA cluster analysis revealed 3 distinct tumor clusters. A comparative analysis of tumor type, grade, FIGO stage, and depth of myometrial invasion revealed significant differences in grade and stage among the clusters, which appear to group tumors with specific clinical behaviors. Moreover, the cluster analysis initially revealed 2 clusters of differentially expressed genes. One contained 38 genes that were upregulated in most samples of the cluster representing the most advanced disease, and the other contained 27 genes that were upregulated in most samples of the cluster representing the least advanced disease.ConclusionMolecular classification of endometrial cancer based on gene expression profiles obtained by designing specialized microarrays indicated a marked correspondence with the histologic features and clinical behavior of endometrial cancer tumors.
High‐grade histologic lesions in women with low‐grade squamous intraepithelial lesion cytology from a region of Thailand with a high incidence of cervical cancer
Authors: Kiatiyosnusorn Rattapon , Suprasert Prapaporn , Srisomboon Jatupol , Siriaree Sitthicha , Khunamornpong Surapan , Kietpeerakool Chumnan 
Published: May 2010

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the prevalence of and predictors for underlying significant lesions in women with low‐grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL) smears.MethodsRecords were retrospectively reviewed for 208 women with LSIL who underwent colposcopy and histological evaluation from October 2004 through April 2009.ResultsMean age of the patients was 38.5 years. Forty‐four (21.2%) women were nulliparous; 20 (9.6%) women were postmenopausal; 29 (13.9%) women tested positive for HIV. Thirty‐three (15.9%) women were current users of combined oral contraceptive pills. The pathological results of initial colposcopic evaluations were: 63 (30.3%) with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) 2–3; 62 (29.8%) with CIN 1; 4 (1.9%) with cervical cancer; and 79 (38.0%) with no epithelial lesion. Current use of combined oral contraceptive pills, a positive HIV test, and multiparity were significant independent predictors for high‐grade disease.ConclusionApproximately one‐third of women with LSIL in our population have underlying significant lesions. Current use of combined oral contraceptive pills, a positive HIV test, and multiparity are significant predictors for high‐grade lesions.
On-Column Solvent Exchange for Purified Preparative Fractions
Authors: Goetz Gilles H. , Beck Emily , Tidswell Peter W. 
Published: May 2010

On-column solvent exchange, using many of the principles of solid-phase extraction, has been implemented to significantly reduce evaporation cycle time following reverse-phase preparative HPLC. Additional benefits, such as a reduced potential for salt formation, thermal decomposition, and residual solvent, are also described. Fractions obtained from preparative separations, typically in a large volume of acetonitrile:water, are injected into the preparative HPLC and then eluted in acetonitrile, creating a new fraction in a volatile organic solvent. Minimal modification to the instrument was required, and unattended operation is possible. Acetonitrile evaporation is achieved within 3 h, compared with 17 h for aqueous-based fractions; lower temperatures can be used during the evaporation step; mobile-phase additives, likely to form salts with the target compound if concentrated in the fraction, are removed before evaporation; sample recovery and purity are unaffected.
Holocene climate variations from Zhuyeze terminal lake records in East Asian monsoon margin in arid northern China
Authors: Long Hao , Lai ZhongPing , Wang NaiAng , Li Yu 
Published: May 2010

AbstractZhuyeze palaeolake is a terminal lake situated in the arid northern China in the East Asian monsoon margin. In order to examine the Holocene palaeoclimatic change in the East Asian monsoon margin, Qingtu Lake section (QTL) from Zhuyeze palaeolake is sampled in high resolution. Palaeoclimatic proxies such as grain size, carbonate, TOC, C/N andδ13C of organic matter, were analyzed; eleven14C samples and six optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) samples were dated to provide chronological control. We also investigated the geomorphic features of lake shorelines in this area. The results show that the climate was warm and dry in early-Holocene (9.5–7.0 cal ka BP), cool and humid in mid-Holocene (7.0–4.8 cal ka BP), and increasingly drier in late-Holocene (since 4.8 cal ka BP). Comparisons of our records with other records in adjacent areas, as well as with the records in the Asian monsoon areas, suggested that changes in effective moisture was synchronous in East Asian monsoon marginal zone (i.e. the pattern of dry early-Holocene, humid mid-Holocene, and aridity-increasing late-Holocene), and that the moisture optimum during the Holocene was out-of-phase between Asian monsoon margin and Asian monsoonal dominated region, possibly due to the high temperature at that time.
Participation cues: Coordinating activity and collaboration in complex online gaming worlds
Authors: Keating Elizabeth , Sunakawa Chiho 
Published: May 2010

AbstractThe development of digital communication technologies not only has an influence on human communicative practices, but also creates new spaces for human collaborative activity. In this article we discuss a technologically mediated context for interaction, computer games. Closely looking at interactions among a group of gamers, we examine how players are managing complex, shifting frameworks of participation, the virtual game world and the embodied world of talk and plans for action. Introducing the notion ofparticipation cues, we explain how interactants are able to orient to, plan, and execute collaborative actions that span quite different environments with quite different types of agency, possible acts, and consequences. Novel abilities to interact across diverse spaces have consequences for understanding how humans build coordinated action through efficient, multimodal communication mechanisms. (Computer-mediated communication, language and technology, gaming, gesture, participation, multimodality)*
AN INTERVIEW WITH ROGER GUESNERIE
Authors: Chiappori Pierre-André 
Published: May 2010

Roger Guesnerie is a prominent economic theorist. Among his many honors and distinctions, he is a Foreign Member of the American Academy of Arts and Science and an Honorary Foreign Member of the American Economic Association; he has been a President of the European Economic Association and of the Econometric Society. Currently a Professor at the College de France, he has made fundamental contributions to second-best theory and public economics, information economics, and rational expectation theory.Guesnerie was one of the founding fathers of second-best theory. His contributions to public economics, addressing issues such as nonconvex economies and especially taxation in a second-best context, remain absolute references on these topics; more recently, he has provided an in-depth analysis of issues related to climate change and global warming from a public economics perspective. Regarding contract theory, his work with Jean Jacques Laffont has considerably extended our understanding of the properties of the basic models, as well as the set of tools that economists can use to address these problems. Finally, Guesnerie's work has been influential in the critical reassessment of rational expectation theory that took place over the last decades. On one hand, he has been a prominent figure in the development of so-called “sunspot” models, which reconcile the Keynesian notion of “animal spirits” with the formal requirements of rational expectations. On the other hand, he has provided path-breaking discussions of thetheoreticalrelevance of rational expectation theory, based on a detailed assessment of thecoordinationbetween individual expectations that is implicit in the concept. In some classes of models, Guesnerie argues, rational expectation equilibria constitute a natural outcome, because coordination can be achieved either through “eductive” reasoning (for which common knowledge of individual rationality is sufficient) or as the product of simple evolutionary or learning dynamics (and in general in both ways). In other cases, however, such arguments do not appear to support the rational expectations solution, and its relevance is therefore much less obvious. On a more institutional side, Guesnerie has created the doctoral program “Analyse et Politique Economique” at the Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Sciences Sociales; besides this program, in 1989, several related research centers in Paris merged into Delta, which Guesnerie chaired between 1992 and 2000, and then into the Paris School of Economics (PSE), at which Guesnerie is Chairman of the Board.This interview with Roger Guesnerie gives an opportunity to discuss further the current situation of economic theory and economics in general, as well as to compare the European and American traditions in economics.
The role of semantics in mining frequent patterns from knowledge bases in description logics with rules
Authors: JÓZEFOWSKA JOANNA , ŁAWRYNOWICZ AGNIESZKA , ŁUKASZEWSKI TOMASZ 
Published: May 2010

AbstractWe propose a new method for mining frequent patterns in a language that combines both Semantic Web ontologies and rules. In particular, we consider the setting of using a language that combines description logics (DLs) with DL-safe rules. This setting is important for the practical application of data mining to the Semantic Web. We focus on the relation of the semantics of the representation formalism to the task of frequent pattern discovery, and for the core of our method, we propose an algorithm that exploits the semantics of the combined knowledge base. We have developed a proof-of-concept data mining implementation of this. Using this we have empirically shown that using the combined knowledge base to perform semantic tests can make data mining faster by pruning useless candidate patterns before their evaluation. We have also shown that the quality of the set of patterns produced may be improved: the patterns are more compact, and there are fewer patterns. We conclude that exploiting the semantics of a chosen representation formalism is key to the design and application of (onto-)relational frequent pattern discovery methods.
Variables Associated With Communicative Participation in People With Multiple Sclerosis: A Regression Analysis
Authors: Baylor Carolyn , Yorkston Kathryn , Bamer Alyssa , Britton Deanna , Amtmann Dagmar 
Published: May 2010

Purpose

To explore variables associated with self-reported communicative participation in a sample (
n
= 498) of community-dwelling adults with multiple sclerosis (MS).

Method
A battery of questionnaires was administered online or on paper per participant preference. Data were analyzed using multiple linear backward stepwise regression. The dependent variable was an item response theory score of communicative participation measured by a subset of items from the Communicative Participation Item Bank asking respondents to rate how much their health condition interfered with participation in real-life speech communication situations. Thirteen independent variables were included in the model as self-reported symptoms: problems thinking, slurred speech, vision loss, pain, mobility, depression, fatigue, perceived social support, age, education level, employment status, gender, and MS duration.

Results
Fatigue, slurred speech, depression, problems thinking, employment status, and social support were significantly associated with communicative participation, accounting for 48.7% of the variance.

Conclusions
Communicative participation is significantly associated with multiple variables, only some of which reflect communication disorders. If the goal of intervention is to improve communicative participation, intervention may need to extend beyond traditional speech-language pathology boundaries to include other health symptoms as well as personal, social, and physical environments.