bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Text4Health: Impact of Text Message Reminder–Recalls for Pediatric and Adolescent Immunizations
Authors: Stockwell Melissa S. , Kharbanda Elyse Olshen , Martinez Raquel Andres , Lara Marcos , Vawdrey David , Natarajan Karthik , Rickert Vaughn I. 
Published: December 2011

Objectives. We conducted 2 studies to determine the impact of text message immunization reminder–recalls in an urban, low-income population. Methods. In 1 study, text message immunization reminders were sent to a random sample of parents (n = 195) whose children aged 11 to 18 years needed either or both meningococcal (MCV4) and tetanus–diphtheria–acellular pertussis (Tdap) immunizations. We compared receipt of MCV4 or Tdap at 4, 12, and 24 weeks with age- and gender-matched controls. In the other study, we compared attendance at a postshortage Haemophilus influenzae B (Hib) immunization recall session between parents who received text message and paper-mailed reminders (n = 87) and those who only received paper-mailed reminders (n = 87). Results. Significantly more adolescents with intervention parents received either or both MCV4 and Tdap at weeks 4 (15.4% vs 4.2%; P < .001), 12 (26.7% vs 13.9%; P < .005), and 24 (36.4% vs 18.1%; P < .001). Significantly more parents who received both Hib reminders attended a recall session compared with parents who only received a mailed reminder (21.8% vs 9.2%; P < .05). After controlling for age, gender, race/ethnicity, insurance status, and language, text messaging was still significantly associated with both studies’ outcomes. Conclusions. Text messaging for reminder–recalls improved immunization coverage in a low-income, urban population.
The Costs of Treating American Indian Adults With Diabetes Within the Indian Health Service
Authors: O'Connell Joan M. , Wilson Charlton , Manson Spero M. , Acton Kelly J. 
Published: December 2011

Objectives. We examined the costs of treating American Indian adults with diabetes within the Indian Health Service (IHS). Methods. We extracted demographic and health service utilization data from the IHS electronic medical reporting system for 32 052 American Indian adults in central Arizona in 2004 and 2005. We derived treatment cost estimates from an IHS facility–specific cost report. We examined chronic condition prevalence, medical service utilization, and treatment costs for American Indians with and without diabetes. Results. IHS treatment costs for the 10.9% of American Indian adults with diabetes accounted for 37.0% of all adult treatment costs. Persons with diabetes accounted for nearly half of all hospital days (excluding days for obstetrical care). Hospital inpatient service costs for those with diabetes accounted for 32.2% of all costs. Conclusions. In this first study of treatment costs within the IHS, costs for American Indians with diabetes were found to consume a significant proportion of IHS resources. The findings give federal agencies and tribes critical information for resource allocation and policy formulation to reduce and eventually eliminate diabetes-related disparities between American Indians and Alaska Natives and other racial/ethnic populations.
US Cultural Involvement and Its Association With Suicidal Behavior Among Youths in the Dominican Republic
Authors: Peña Juan B. , Zayas Luis H. , Cabrera-Nguyen Peter , Vega William A. 
Published: December 2011

Objectives. We examined how US cultural involvement related to suicide attempts among youths in the Dominican Republic.Methods. We analyzed data from a nationally representative sample of youths attending high school in the Dominican Republic (n = 8446). The outcome of interest was a suicide attempt during the past year. The US cultural involvement indicators included time spent living in the United States, number of friends who had lived in the United States, English proficiency, and use of US electronic media and language.Results. Time lived in the United States, US electronic media and language, and number of friends who had lived in the United States had robust positive relationships with suicide attempts among youths residing in the Dominican Republic.Conclusions. Our results are consistent with previous research that found increased risk for suicide or suicide attempts among Latino youths with greater US cultural involvement. Our study adds to this research by finding similar results in a nonimmigrant Latin American sample. Our results also indicate that suicide attempts are a major public health problem among youths in the Dominican Republic.
Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Depression Care in Community-Dwelling Elderly in the United States
Authors: Akincigil Ayse , Olfson Mark , Siegel Michele , Zurlo Karen A. , Walkup James T. , Crystal Stephen 
Published: December 2011

Objectives. We investigated racial/ethnic disparities in the diagnosis and treatment of depression among community-dwelling elderly. Methods. We performed a secondary analysis of Medicare Current Beneficiary Survey data (n = 33 708) for 2001 through 2005. We estimated logistic regression models to assess the association of race/ethnicity with the probability of being diagnosed and treated for depression with either antidepressant medication or psychotherapy. Results. Depression diagnosis rates were 6.4% for non-Hispanic Whites, 4.2% for African Americans, 7.2% for Hispanics, and 3.8% for others. After we adjusted for a range of covariates including a 2-item depression screener, we found that African Americans were significantly less likely to receive a depression diagnosis from a health care provider (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 0.53; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.41, 0.69) than were non-Hispanic Whites; those diagnosed were less likely to be treated for depression (AOR = 0.45; 95% CI = 0.30, 0.66). Conclusions. Among elderly Medicare beneficiaries, significant racial/ethnic differences exist in the diagnosis and treatment of depression. Vigorous clinical and public health initiatives are needed to address this persisting disparity in care.
Cost Comparison of 2 Mass Vaccination Campaigns Against Influenza A H1N1 in New York City
Authors: Kansagra Susan M. , McGinty Meghan D. , Morgenthau Beth Maldin , Marquez Monica L. , Rosselli-Fraschilla Annmarie , Zucker Jane R. , Farley Thomas A. 
Published: December 2011

Objectives. We estimated and compared total costs and costs per dose administered for 2 influenza A 2009 monovalent vaccine campaigns in New York City: an elementary school–located campaign targeting enrolled children aged 4 years and older, and a community-based points-of-dispensing campaign for anyone aged 4 years and older. Methods. We determined costs from invoices or we estimated costs. We obtained vaccination data from the Citywide Immunization Registry and reports from the community points of dispensing. Results. The school campaign delivered approximately 202 089 vaccines for $17.9 million and $88 per dose. The community campaign delivered 49 986 vaccines for $7.6 million and $151 per dose. At projected capacity, the school campaign could have delivered 371 827 doses at $53 each or $13 each when we excluded the value of in-kind resources. The community points of dispensing could have administered 174 000 doses at $51 each or $24 each when we excluded the value of in-kind resources. Conclusions. The school campaign delivered vaccines at a lower cost per dose than did the community campaign. Had demand been higher, both campaigns may have delivered vaccine at lower, more comparable cost per dose.
Determinants of and Disparities in Reproductive Health Service Use Among Adolescent and Young Adult Women in the United States, 2002–2008
Authors: Hall Kelli Stidham , Moreau Caroline , Trussell James 
Published: December 2011

Objectives. We investigated determinants of and disparities in reproductive health service use among young women in the United States from 2002 to 2008. Methods. Using data on 4421 US women aged 15 to 24 years from the National Survey of Family Growth (2002, n = 2157; 2006–2008, n = 2264), we employed descriptive and univariate statistics and multivariate regression models to examine service use across women's sociodemographic and reproductive characteristics and to investigate potential disparate changes in service use over time. Results. More than half the sample (59%) had used services in the past year. In regression models, predictors of service use included age, education, birthplace, insurance, religious participation, mother's education, childhood family situation, age at menarche, sexual intercourse experience, recent number of partners, and previous gynecological diagnosis. Although service use decreased by 8% overall from 2002 to 2006–2008 (P < .001), the magnitude of decline was similar across demographic and socioeconomic groups. Conclusions. Inequalities in reproductive health service use exist among women in the United States, particularly among the youngest and socially disadvantaged women, which may translate to poor and disparate reproductive outcomes. Public health and policy strategies are needed to eliminate inequities in reproductive health service.
Framing Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene Needs Among Female-Headed Households in Periurban Maputo, Mozambique
Authors: Carolini Gabriella Y. 
Published: December 2011

Objectives. Water, sanitation, and hygiene challenges in the global south require analyses that capture more than urban–rural differences. A new taxonomy is required to help systematize and respond to basic sanitary needs. My aim was to test a new framework for understanding these concerns in periurban spaces. Methods. I conducted semistructured qualitative interviews with a randomized sample, stratified by settlement density, of mostly female-headed households in KaTembe, the largest municipal district of Maputo, Mozambique. The survey included questions on the adequacy, accessibility, and affordability of water, sanitation facilities, and waste management as well as awareness of illnesses and safe hygiene practices. Results. Despite being part of a capital city, KaTembe residents face a diverse mixture of sanitary challenges, as revealed through an analysis of adequacy, accessibility, affordability, and awareness issues. The interaction of these 4 lenses provides insight into residents’ behaviors and the obstacles they face in securing adequate provisions. Conclusions. International water, sanitation, and hygiene studies continue to depend on urban–rural distinctions. However, an adequacy, accessibility, affordability, and awareness framework can improve the utility of their data.
Messinian-Zanclean canyons in the Digne nappe (southwestern Alps): tectonic implications
Authors: Hippolyte Jean-Claude , Clauzon Georges , Suc Jean-Pierre 
Published: December 2011

AbstractMapping thick conglomerates in the subalpine chains around Digne allows reconstruction of a deeply incised Messinian-Pliocene paleo-drainage network. It shows that the main rivers (Bléone, Bès, Mardaric, Eaux-Chaudes) have existed since at least the Messinian. Pollen analysis reveals that the Pliocene-Early Quaternary continental infill of these canyons did not start at 5.3 Ma, like in the Zanclean rias, but in the Late Pliocene (between 3.4 and 2.6 Ma). This 2 m.y. delay results in part from the timing of the retrogradation of the alluvial wedge, and in part from the inland shift of the river mouths that accompanied the Zanclean flooding of Messinian canyons. This shift corresponds to a shortening of hundreds of kilometers of the river profiles that caused the river to gain more erosive energy. This strong Zanclean erosion is contemporaneous with the main infill of the rias downstream.We describe sections of paleo-canyons that were uplifted, tilted, overthrusted or truncated by strike-slip faults. The geometry of this dissected drainage network provides new constraints on the tectonic evolution of the southern subAlpine chains. An about 2.3 km strike-slip separation of the Bléone river paleo-canyon confirms that the front of the Digne nappe is an oblique ramp of the south-verging thrust system of the ‘Arc de Castellane’. This nappe moved south-southwestward along the N015 trending tear fault. Fault striation analysis in the Late Pliocene-Quaternary conglomerates shows that this displacement was characterized by ENE-WSW compression, along the Digne oblique ramp, consistent with its dextral slip. Most of the Digne nappe displacement (~20 km) occurred prior to the Late Pliocene as shown by the La Bonnette section of the Bléone paleo-canyon that incises a block of the overthrusted “residual basin”. It was followed by ~2.3 km southward displacement along out-of-sequence faults during the Late Pliocene and the Quaternary. This out-of-sequence reactivation of the Digne nappe is contemporaneous with the formation of the Barles half-window nappe anticline as shown by the 345 m uplift of the l’Escuichière paleo-canyon. The reconstructed paleo-drainage network attests for the tectonic activity of the Barles nappe anticline, the Bès tear fault, the Saint Benoît tear faults and the Digne nappe during the Pliocene and the Quaternary.
The sedimentary markers of the Messinian salinity crisis and their relation with salt tectonics on the Provençal margin (western Mediterranean): results from the “MAURESC” cruise
Authors: Obone-Zue-Obame Edda Marlène , Gaullier Virginie , Sage Françoise , Maillard Agnès , Lofi Johanna , Vendeville Bruno , Thinon Isabelle , Rehault Jean-Pierre 
Published: December 2011

Abstract
The Messinian salinity crisis (MSC) is characterized by gigantic erosion that remodels the margins while a thick, essentially evaporitic and detrital, sedimentary sequence forms in the deep basins. Based on recent (MAURESC, 2003) and earlier (MESEA 1, 1990; MAGIRAA, 1996; GEOBREST, 2002) seismic reflection data, this work brings to light the record of the MSC on the Provençal margin, which has until now been rarely explored from this perspective. Beyond its strictly regional interest, this study fits into a larger synthesis of MSC seismic markers in the Mediterranean and Black Sea marine domain [Lofi et al., 2011] and employs the new nomenclature established on this occasion. The results obtained reveal a Messinian detrital body (CU unit) of 625 metres maximum thickness at the foot of the margin, accumulating at the mouths of the principal canyons. Its form, facies and extension assimilate it to clastic fans, fed by subaerial erosion linked to the MSC. The relative geometry of CU and the Messinian units MU and UU deposited in the deep basin give indications to their chronostratigraphic relations. The deposition of the CU unit is posterior to the basal part of the mobile unit consisting of halite (MU), but contemporary to its top. These results agree with the recent scenarii, which propose that the precipitation of MU in the basin began early, during the lowering of the sea level, and ended at a low level during the MSC [Blanc, 2000; Martin et al., 2001; Sage et al., 2005; Ryan, 2009]. The UU unit surmounts MU and is subdivided into two sub-units with perceptibly different seismic facies : UU1 at the base and UU2 at the summit. UU1 could correspond to a unit containing more halite and/or more clastic material than UU2. The UU1 sub-unit could be partially contemporary to the CU unit. Concerning salt tectonics and its markers, three structural provinces have been evidenced in the sector of study, respectively : an upslope domain in extension (normal faults), an intermediary domain in translation (tabular MU) and a downslope domain in contraction (salt diapirs). These domains are directly linked to the gravity spreading and/or gliding of the brittle sedimentary cover formed by the CU, UU and Plio-Quatenary units and of the mobile level, MU. In the study area, a close relation between the distribution and thickness of CU and salt tectonics has additionally been evidenced at the mouths of the large Messinian canyons, being best expressed where CU is thick.
Geodynamic responses to a two-step model of the Messinian salinity crisis
Authors: Ryan William B. F. 
Published: December 2011

AbstractThere is a growing consensus that the sulfates and halite within the massive evaporite deposits on the shallow margin and deep floor of the Mediterranean sea formed in two steps. Both phases had geodynamic consequences. The current evidence indicates that during the first step when the first cycle “Lower Evaporites” were deposited primarily in marginal settings, the surface of the Mediterranean remained at or very close to the level of the external Atlantic. The geodynamic response resulted from the increasing weight of the brine layer as it concentrated from normal marine salinity to the threshold for sulfate precipitation and then to the threshold for halite precipitation. This weight alone significantly deepened the Mediterranean basins by isostatic loading. Flexure of the lithosphere caused a peripheral bulge to appear that may have been the agent to close off the further entry of Atlantic seawater. Step two began with the subsequent evaporative drawdown and the deposition of the second cycle “Upper Evaporites”. As the basins dried out the loss of weight of the water led to regional isostatic uplift that permanently closed the prior inlets. Sediments removed from the margins by early subaqueous mass-wasting and later subaerial erosion and delivered to the basin floors further accentuated uplift of the margins and subsidence of the depocenters. The principal result has been to progressively tilt the Mediterranean substrate downwards from the margin towards the basin centers. This tilting was enhanced with the flooding of the desiccated sea at the climax of the salinity crisis. Consequently the salt layer rests today out of equilibrium on a surface that is more inclined after precipitation than before. The current mobility and flowage of the salt away from its margins and towards the basin centers is therefore not so much a response to the differential thickness and weight of overlying sediments, but to the combination of geodynamic processes that have produced the seaward tilting. Other giant salt deposits seem to have experienced a similar two-step evolution.
Clients' Preferred Relationship Approach with their Financial Statement Auditor
Authors: Fontaine Richard , Pilote Claude 
Published: December 2011

SUMMARY
Our published study, “An Empirical Study of Canadian Companies to Determine Clients' Preferred Relationship Approach with Their Financial Auditor” (Fontaine and Pilote 2011), examines the type of relationship that clients prefer to have with their financial auditors. We surveyed 306 Canadian financial executives (clients); in general, clients prefer more of a relational approach (i.e., an ongoing process based on cooperation, communication, and trust) than a transactional approach (i.e., competition and self-interest, resulting in an arm's-length relationship). Further, clients seek information and advice beyond core audit services. However, despite clients' desire for close relationships, they also want to remain at arm's length from their auditor, as required by the auditor's code of ethics. Our study contributes to audit practice by providing direct evidence of client relationship preferences, which could help auditors to enhance client relationships. In addition, evidence of the client's desire to remain at arm's length (i.e., respecting auditor independence) could be of interest to audit practitioners and audit standard setters.
Conservative management of a transverse fracture of the distal phalanx in a Quarter Horse
Authors: Sherlock Ceri E. , Eggleston Randall B. , Howerth Elizabeth W. 
Published: December 2011

Abstract
Case Description—A 7-year-old Quarter Horse gelding was evaluated because of sudden onset of severe left forelimb lameness of 4 days' duration.
Clinical Findings—Clinical evaluation and diagnostic perineural analgesia localized the lameness to the distal portion of the left forelimb. Radiography revealed a transverse fracture of the distal phalanx of the left forelimb.
Treatment and Outcome—The horse was treated conservatively with stall rest and stabilization of the hoof with fiberglass cast material and an elevated heel support. These treatments improved the lameness considerably. Over the following 4 months, the horse was exercised at an increasing level; external coaptation of the hoof was removed, and the horse was gradually shod in a flat shoe. At 6 months after injury, the horse had no signs of lameness when working at its previous performance level, but it was euthanized for reasons unrelated to orthopedic disease. Radiographically, the fracture was unapparent; however, results of magnetic resonance imaging and histologic examination of the cadaveric limb confirmed the presence of tissue changes consistent with a healing fracture.
Clinical Relevance—Conservative management of transverse fractures of the distal phalanx of a forelimb may be effective and enable affected horses to be returned to their intended use.
Predicted Effect of Direct Acting Antivirals in the Current HIV–HCV-Coinfected Population in Spain
Authors: Poveda Eva , Vispo Eugenia , Barreiro Pablo , de Mendoza Carmen , Labarga Pablo , Fernández-Montero José Vicente , Martin-Carbonero Luz , Soriano Vincent 
Published: December 2011

Background Direct acting antivirals (DAAs) against HCV are eagerly awaited for HIV–HCV-coinfected individuals. However, the activity of first generation drugs is limited to HCV genotype 1 and is lower in cirrhotics, subtype 1a infections, prior interferon (IFN)-α exposure or unfavourable IL28B alleles. Herein, we report the current profile of HIV–HCV-coinfected patients at our institution in an attempt to predict the effect of DAAs. Methods All HIV–HCV-coinfected patients seen at our HIV outpatient clinic in 2011 were identified. Information on serum HCV RNA, HCV genotype/subtype, plasma HIV RNA, prior IFN-α experience, liver fibrosis staging and IL28B alleles was recorded. Results A total of 424 HIV–HCV-coinfected patients were identified, of whom 174 (41%) were IFN-α-experienced. Mean serum HCV RNA was 6 log IU/ml. HCV genotype/ subtype distribution was 166 (39.1%) G1a, 93 (22%) G1b, 85 (20%) G4, 49 (11.5%) G3 and 1 (<1%) G2, and 30 (7%) were unclassified. Of note, 56% of G1a were prior IFN-α-experienced patients. Overall, 37% had advanced liver fibrosis (Metavir score estimates F3–F4). Finally, 70% harboured unfavourable IL28B alleles. Conclusions The current profile of HIV–HCV-coinfected patients in Spain is dominated by particularly difficult-to-treat individuals, such as those infected with G1a or G4 (59%), advanced liver fibrosis (37%) and unfavourable IL28B alleles (70%). A wide use of prior anti-HCV therapy in our region most likely has resulted in hepatitis C cure of more IFN-α susceptible individuals, with accumulation of a more refractory treatment population. Thus, the use of DAAs in HIV–HCV-coinfected patients will require particular expertise and their benefit might be lower than expected.