bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effect of cannabis edibles on driving and blood THC
Authors: Zhao S , Brands B , Kaduri P , Wickens C.M , Hasan O.S.M , Chen S , Le Foll B , Di Ciano P 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
Cannabis has been shown to impact driving due to changes produced by delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), the psychoactive component of cannabis. Current legal thresholds for blood THC while driving are based predominantly on evidence utilizing smoked cannabis. It is known that levels of THC in blood are lower after eating cannabis as compared to smoking yet the impact of edibles on driving and associated blood THC has never been studied.

Methods
Participants drove a driving simulator before and after ingesting their preferred legally purchased cannabis edible. In a counterbalanced control session, participants did not consume any THC or cannabidiol (CBD). Blood was collected for measurement of THC and metabolites as well as CBD. Subjective experience was also assessed.

Results
Participants consumed edibles with, on average, 7.3 mg of THC, which is less than the maximum amount available in a single retail package in Ontario, providing an ecologically valid test of cannabis edibles. Compared to control, cannabis edibles produced a decrease in mean speed 2 h after consumption but not at 4 and 6 h. Under dual task conditions in which participants completed a secondary task while driving, changes in speed were not significant after the correction for multiple comparison. No changes in standard deviation of lateral position (SDLP; ‘weaving’), maximum speed, standard deviation of speed or reaction time were found at any time point or under either standard or dual task conditions. Mean THC levels were significantly increased, relative to control, after consuming the edible but remained relatively low at approximately 2.8 ng/mL 2 h after consumption. Driving impairment was not correlated with blood THC. Subjective experience was altered for 7 h and participants were less willing/able to drive for up to 6 h, suggesting that the edible was intoxicating.

Interpretation
This is the first study of the impact of cannabis edibles on simulated driving. Edibles were intoxicating as revealed by the results of subjective assessments (VAS), and there was some impact on driving. Detection of driving impairment after the use of cannabis edibles may be difficult.
Clearing techniques for deeper imaging of plants and plant–microbe interactions
Authors: Kim Ki Woo 
Published: May 2024

AbstractPlant cells are uniquely characterized by exhibiting cell walls, pigments, and phenolic compounds, which can impede microscopic observations by absorbing and scattering light. The concept of clearing was first proposed in the late nineteenth century to address this issue, aiming to render plant specimens transparent using chloral hydrate. Clearing techniques involve chemical procedures that render biological specimens transparent, enabling deep imaging without physical sectioning. Drawing inspiration from clearing techniques for animal specimens, various protocols have been adapted for plant research. These procedures include (i) hydrophobic methods (e.g., Visikol™), (ii) hydrophilic methods (ScaleP and ClearSee), and (iii) hydrogel-based methods (PEA-CLARITY). Initially, clearing techniques for plants were mainly utilized for deep imaging of seeds and leaves of herbaceous plants such as Arabidopsis thaliana and rice. Utilizing cell wall-specific fluorescent dyes for plants and fungi, researchers have documented the post-penetration behavior of plant pathogenic fungi within hosts. State-of-the-art plant clearing techniques, coupled with microbe-specific labeling and high-throughput imaging methods, offer the potential to advance the in planta characterization of plant microbiomes.
Recurrent hyponatremia in neonate: a case of renal salt wasting syndrome
Authors: Maryam Innama , Mazahir Rufaida , Khanam Afreen , Firdaus Uzma , Ali Syed Manazir 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
Renal salt wasting (RSW) is primarily seen with central nervous disorders and is characterized by hyponatremia, elevated urinary sodium excretion, increased urine output, and hypovolemia. Although there have been reports of RSW in children, it has not been reported in newborns.

Case presentation
A term (38 weeks 2 days) female weighing 2060 g, born via normal vaginal delivery, to a primi-gravida mother, was admitted to our neonatal intensive care unit. At birth, the baby was non-vigorous, had aspirated meconium, and required bag-and-mask ventilation following which the baby cried. The child was put on CPAP and inotropes for respiratory distress and shock, respectively, along with first-line antibiotics. Over the next few days, the child was weaned off CPAP, inotropes were stopped, and feeds were started. On postnatal day (PND) 8, the baby developed repeated episodes of seizures requiring two-antiepileptics followed by midazolam infusion, had shock requiring inotropes, and also had a tense anterior fontanelle with altered sensorium and tone changes, for which mannitol and 3% saline were given. Antibiotics were upgraded, and neuroimaging (MRI) revealed left basal-ganglia bleed with intraventricular extension and cerebral venous thrombosis. The baby showed gradual clinical improvement with the above measures and was restarted on feeds. However, from PND-19 onwards the baby had repeated episodes of hyponatremia requiring 3% saline infusions, progressive weight loss, and polyuria. Considering RSW, urine sodium was done which was high (110 mmol/L). For polyuria and weight loss, feed volume was increased, whereas, for hyponatremia, table salt was added to the expressed breast milk (1 gm × tds). Subsequently, all the serum sodium values remained within normal limits, and the baby started gaining weight and was discharged on similar advice (PND 38). On further follow-up, table salt was gradually decreased in the feeds and was stopped after 1 month of discharge with normal serum sodium values.

Conclusion
Management of recurrent hyponatremia in a neonate is challenging. Despite its rarity, RSW in newborns should be considered a differential.
Tumor-Induced Osteomalacia due to Sarcomatoid Non–Small Cell Lung Carcinoma Confounded by Drug-Induced Fanconi Syndrome
Authors: AlHamer Bassam , Singh Ajit , Patrascu Carmen , Al Mukaddam Mona 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Tumor-induced osteomalacia (TIO) is an exceedingly rare paraneoplastic condition characterized by hypophosphatemia, osteomalacia, fragility fractures, and fatigue. A 39-year-old man was assessed for hemoptysis, pathological rib fractures, and fatigue, and was found to have a chest mass with lung metastasis. Biopsy of the mass suggested high-grade epithelioid and spindle cell neoplasm. He was initially treated for soft tissue sarcoma with an ifosfamide-based regimen and developed Fanconi syndrome that resolved on cessation of ifosfamide. Serum phosphate remained low. A low tubular maximum reabsorption of phosphate to glomerular filtration rate ratio (TmP/GFR) indicated disproportionate phosphaturia, while a severely elevated fibroblast growth factor-23 (FGF23) level enabled a diagnosis of TIO. He was started on phosphate and calcitriol supplementation. Subsequent next-generation sequencing demonstrated a RET-fusion mutation, leading to reclassification of his malignancy to a sarcomatoid non–small cell lung carcinoma. He was switched to selpercatinib, a targeted RET-kinase inhibitor approved for locally advanced or metastatic RET-fusion–positive solid tumors. This induced tumor remission with subsequent normalization of his FGF23 levels and hypophosphatemia. Despite the presence of a confounding etiology like drug-induced Fanconi syndrome, persistence of hypophosphatemia should prompt a workup of TIO, especially in the presence of a tumor.
Remembering the Commune: Celebrations in Britain and the United States
Authors: Landrigan Aloysius 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The Paris Commune led to annual celebrations from the labor movement across the globe. This article focuses on those in Britain and the United States from 1871 to the end of the century, exploring how the event's interpretation and function within a community has fluctuated over this period. It discusses the internationalism present in demonstrations as people shed their national identity and joined an internationalist community in celebration each year. It analyzes how the labor movement in each country responded to perceived threats from outside their community in the wake of the Haymarket Affair. It also demonstrates that the Commune was a palimpsest, an event that could be reinterpreted each year to express whatever ideals the movement needed. It was a call to reform and revolution, to hope and despair, and to past and future. The article's analysis of British and American Commune celebrations reveals a rich and evolving community that emphasized internationalism and oppression during a turbulent period.
Male germ cell-associated kinase is required for axoneme formation during ciliogenesis in zebrafish photoreceptors
Authors: Chiang Hung-Ju , Nishiwaki Yuko , Chiang Wei-Chieh , Masai Ichiro 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT
Vertebrate photoreceptors are highly specialized retinal neurons that have cilium-derived membrane organelles called outer segments, which function as platforms for phototransduction. Male germ cell-associated kinase (MAK) is a cilium-associated serine/threonine kinase, and its genetic mutation causes photoreceptor degeneration in mice and retinitis pigmentosa in humans. However, the role of MAK in photoreceptors is not fully understood. Here, we report that zebrafish mak mutants show rapid photoreceptor degeneration during embryonic development. In mak mutants, both cone and rod photoreceptors completely lacked outer segments and underwent apoptosis. Interestingly, zebrafish mak mutants failed to generate axonemes during photoreceptor ciliogenesis, whereas basal bodies were specified. These data suggest that Mak contributes to axoneme development in zebrafish, in contrast to mouse Mak mutants, which have elongated photoreceptor axonemes. Furthermore, the kinase activity of Mak was found to be critical in ciliary axoneme development and photoreceptor survival. Thus, Mak is required for ciliogenesis and outer segment formation in zebrafish photoreceptors to ensure intracellular protein transport and photoreceptor survival.
Der Forschungsschwerpunkt Cloud-basierte Energienetze
Authors: Speith Leon Otis , Hericks Christoph , Mirsafian Seyed Saeed , Kiel Martin , Füg Torsten , Rajamani Vinod , Rosefort Yves , Thoben Markus 
Published: May 2024

ZusammenfassungEine der größten Herausforderungen der heutigen Zeit ist die nachhaltige und zugleich sichere Versorgung mit Energie. Die unter dem Stichwort Energiewende zusammengefassten Handlungsfelder sind dabei vielfältig und interdisziplinär. Häufig werden in diesem Kontext einzelne Technologien in den Fokus gerückt und deren Vorzüge als „Game-Changer“ angepriesen. Die Komplexität des Themas lässt dabei häufig die Sicht auf das gesamte System außer acht.Aus dieser Motivation heraus wurde der Forschungsschwerpunkt Cloud-basierte Energienetze an der Fachhochschule Dortmund (2024) geschaffen.Dieser Artikel beschreibt neben den beteiligten Laboren und Forschern die Beweggründe für das Projekt, die geplanten Projektziele sowie erste Ansätze für die notwendige Infrastruktur, die für diesen Forschungsschwerpunkt an der Fachhochschule Dortmund geschaffen wird.
Photobiomodulation mitigates Bothrops jararacussu venom-induced damage in myoblast cells by enhancing myogenic factors and reducing cytokine production
Authors: Silva Luciana Miato Gonçalves , Gouveia Viviane Almeida , Campos Gabriela Russo Soeiro , Dale Camila Squarzone , da Palma Renata Kelly , de Oliveira Ana Paula Ligeiro , Marcos Rodrigo Labat , Duran Cinthya Cosme Gutierrez , Cogo José Carlos , Silva Junior José Antônio , Zamuner Stella Regina 
Published: May 2024

Background
Photobiomodulation has exhibited promise in mitigating the local effects induced by Bothrops snakebite envenoming; however, the mechanisms underlying this protection are not yet fully understood. Herein, the effectiveness of photobiomodulation effects on regenerative response of C2C12 myoblast cells following exposure to Bothrops jararacussu venom (BjsuV), as well as the mechanisms involved was investigated.

Methodology/Principal findings
C2C12 myoblast cells were exposed to BjsuV (12.5 μg/mL) and irradiated once for 10 seconds with laser light of 660 nm (14.08 mW; 0.04 cm2; 352 mW/cm2) or 780 nm (17.6 mW; 0.04 cm2; 440 mW/ cm2) to provide energy densities of 3.52 and 4.4 J/cm2, and total energies of 0.1408 and 0.176 J, respectively. Cell migration was assessed through a wound-healing assay. The expression of MAPK p38-α, NF-Кβ, Myf5, Pax-7, MyoD, and myogenin proteins were assessed by western blotting analysis. In addition, interleukin IL1-β, IL-6, TNF-alfa and IL-10 levels were measured in the supernatant by ELISA. The PBM applied to C2C12 cells exposed to BjsuV promoted cell migration, increase the expression of myogenic factors (Pax7, MyF5, MyoD and myogenin), reduced the levels of proinflammatory cytokines, IL1-β, IL-6, TNF-alfa, and increased the levels of anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10. In addition, PBM downregulates the expression of NF-kB, and had no effect on p38 MAKP.

Conclusion/Significance
These data demonstrated that protection of the muscle cell by PBM seems to be related to the increase of myogenic factors as well as the modulation of inflammatory mediators. PBM therapy may offer a new therapeutic strategy to address the local effects of snakebite envenoming by promoting muscle regeneration and reducing the inflammatory process.
Der Berg ruft und ein Reiseunternehmen will geführt sein, wo steckt der Fehlerteufel? Ein Interview mit Markus Walter
Authors: Walter Markus , Seeliger Frank 
Published: May 2024

Zusammenfassung
Mit dem zweiten Beitrag aus Dresden zum Thema Fehlerkultur liegt, anders als in den drei weiteren Interviews, die Leitungsverantwortung der interviewten Person bezüglich einer forschenden und/oder serviceorientierten Informationseinrichtung nicht vor. Markus Walter steht mit zwei Partnern in der Verantwortung für ein Reiseunternehmen und eigene hochanspruchsvolle, hochalpine Reisetouren. Als sein eigenes Fazit formulierte Walter am Ende des Interviews am 8. Juni 2023: „Man muss immer unterscheiden zwischen Fehlern, die man machen darf – ja, und die muss man auch bewusst zulassen, weil man vor allem aus Fehlern auch ganz viel lernt – und Fehlern, die man nicht machen darf.“
QC Constellation: a cutting-edge solution for risk and patient-based quality control in clinical laboratories
Authors: Çubukçu Hikmet Can 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Objectives
Clinical laboratories face limitations in implementing advanced quality control (QC) methods with existing systems. This study aimed to develop a web-based application to addresses this gap, and improve QC practices.

Methods
QC Constellation, a web application built using Python 3.11, integrates various statistical QC modules. These include Levey-Jennings charts with Westgard rules, sigma-metric calculations, exponentially weighted moving average (EWMA) and cumulative sum (CUSUM) charts, and method decision charts. Additionally, it offers a risk-based QC section and a patient-based QC module aligning with modern QC practices. The codes and the web application links for QC Constellation were shared at https://github.com/hikmetc/QC_Constellation, and http://qcconstellation.com, respectively.

Results
Using synthetic data, QC Constellation demonstrated effective implementation of Levey-Jennings charts with user-friendly features like checkboxes for Westgard rules and customizable moving averages graphs. Sigma-metric calculations for hypothetical performance values of serum total cholesterol were successfully performed using allowable total error and maximum allowable measurement uncertainty goals, and displayed on method decision charts. The utility of the risk-based QC module was exemplified by assessing QC plans for serum total cholesterol, showcasing the application’s capability in calculating risk-based QC parameters including maximum unreliable final patient results, risk management index, and maximum run size and offering risk-based QC recommendations. Similarly, the patient-based QC and optimization modules were demonstrated using simulated sodium results.

Conclusions
In conclusion, QC Constellation emerges as a pivotal tool for laboratory professionals, streamlining the management of quality control and analytical performance monitoring, while enhancing patient safety through optimized QC processes.
A robust segmentation method combined with classification algorithms for field-based diagnosis of maize plant phytosanitary state
Authors: Tchokogoué Thierry , Noumsi Auguste Vigny , Atemkeng Marcellin , Fonkou Michèle Flore Yimga , Fono Louis Aimé 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Early diagnosis of maize-plant phytosanitary state in the field is crucial to prevent crop damage and optimize yield. However, this field diagnosis presents a challenge due to the variable background of the field environment, which can hinder the performance of classification algorithms. In this article, we introduced a novel segmentation technique using a combined normalized difference vegetation index that effectively isolates the features of interest, such as the leaves, from the surrounding image, which includes the diverse field background. To assess the effectiveness of our segmentation approach, we conducted early diagnosis of maize plants in the field using supervised classification algorithms. We generated a dataset that incorporated four essential texture features: energy, entropy, contrast, and inverse. These features were extracted from each of the segmented images using grayscale co-occurrence matrices. We employed four different classification methods, namely Adaboost, Random Forest, K-Nearest Neighbors, and support vector machine. When combined with the proposed segmentation technique, the support vector machine outperformed the other models, achieving an accuracy rate of 97%.
Early juvenile cataract in newly diagnosed type 1 diabetic patients: a description of two cases
Authors: Wu Shimin , Yan Xiaoqin , Wu Wei , Hou Ling , Liang Yan , Luo Xiaoping 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Objectives
To analyze and summarize the clinical characteristics and treatment of juvenile patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) complicated by early cataract.

Case presentation
This retrospective study collected clinical data from 210 children and adolescents newly diagnosed with T1DM who were admitted to the Department of Pediatrics, Tongji Hospital (Wuhan) between 2015 and 2022. Among 210 patients with T1DM, early cataract developed within 3 months before diabetes onset and 12 months thereafter in 2 (0.95 %) patients. The two patients were both females, aged 13 and 9 years, respectively. In both cases, cataracts in both eyes appeared in the early stages of T1DM, showing a short course and rapid development. After intensive insulin treatment for stringent and stable blood glucose control, one patient underwent cataract extraction with significant improvement, and her visual acuity returned to normal. The other patient received intensive insulin therapy and insulin pump therapy for 8 years. Subsequently, she underwent cataract surgery after achieving stable blood glucose levels, without complete recovery of vision.

Conclusions
Cataract is a rare complication in the early stages of T1DM in children and adolescents. Ophthalmic surgery is the preferred treatment for patients with diabetic cataract after achieving stable glycemic control, which may help prevent visual impairment.
From gesture to Sign? An exploration of the effects of communicative pressure, interaction, and time on the process of conventionalisation
Authors: Janke Vikki , Aumônier Lizzy , Hofweber Julia , Gullberg Marianne , Marshall Chloë 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
This study explored how non-signers exploit their gestural repertoire during a process of handshape conventionalisation. We examined how communicative context, interaction, and time affect the transition from iconically motivated representations to linguistically organised, generalised forms. One hundred non-signers undertook a silent gesture-elicitation task, describing pictures in one of four conditions: (A) in isolation; (B) with a passive recipient tasked with identifying the objects gestured; (C) with an interlocutor, sharing addressor/addressee roles; (D) with a confederate, sharing addressor/addressee roles, where the confederate restricted her handshapes to four. Analyses focused on whether participants used their hands productively (proportion of ‘hand-as-object’ responses), and whether they generalised handshapes to similarly shaped but different objects (handshape range). High communicative pressure and interaction (C, D) generated the highest proportion of hand-as-object representations. The condition lacking these, (A), generated the smallest handshape range. Results did not change over time. At this incipient stage, individuals exploit their gestural repertoire productively, intent on depicting object characteristics accurately. Communicative pressure and interaction spur this exploratory process. However, they do not yet generalise their handshapes, a development requiring a loosening of the iconic mapping between symbol and referent. This aspect of conventionalisation needs time and might be more likely to emerge in isolation.
Synthesis and crystal structure of 3-(4,5-dihydroisoxazol-3-yl)-2-methyl-4-(methylsulfonyl)benzoic acid, C12H13NO5S
Authors: Rong Zeng , Ying Hu , Xiao-Yan Zeng , Da-Yong Peng , Ji Zhang 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
C12H13NO5S, triclinic, P1̄ (no. 2), a = 9.7095(6) Å, b = 11.9632(6) Å, c = 12.4335(5) Å, α = 86.456(4)°, β = 73.532(4)°, γ = 69.272(5)°, V = 1294.15(12) Å3, Z = 4, Rgt
(F) = 0.0445, wRref
(F
2) = 0.1113, T = 296(2) K.
Read it in Rome: Miracles, Documents, and an Empire of Knowledge in Justin Martyr’s

First Apology
Authors: Kolbeck Ben 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Roman ruling ideology stressed imperial control of knowledge, as well as of material and people. A range of evidence from across the empire suggests that these knowledge claims were commonly accepted, and often mobilised, by ruled communities. In his First Apology, written in Rome in the 150s and addressed to the Roman emperor, Justin Martyr leverages these ideals for his own knowledge claims concerning the life of Jesus and his fulfilment of Hebrew Bible prophecies. It has already been recognised that Justin engages with the machinery of empire through packaging his Apology as a petition presented to the emperor. On the other hand, his citation of Roman documents at several points in the text has been neglected. A close examination reveals the importance of these citations to Justin’s project, in which he utilises the supposed fidelity of Roman documents, and the idea of the emperor as a guarantor of collected knowledge, to authenticate his Christian claims. Finally, proceeding from suggestions about an internal audience for Christian apologetics, it is argued that these references should be seen as alleviating the concerns of an internal Christian readership, and not as overtures to non-Christian Graeco-Romans.
Apologists on Trials: Justin’s

Second Apology, the Literary Courtroom, and Pleading Philosophy
Authors: Corke-Webster James 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
This paper presents a fresh reading of Justin’s Second Apology. It focuses on that text’s narrative sections—the so-called martyrdom of Ptolemaeus and Lucius, and Justin’s own rift with Crescens. It demonstrates both these stories’ intratextual links, and their intertextual ties with contemporary mid-2d century literature—Achilles Tatius’ Greek novel Leucippe and Clitophon, and Apuleius’ Latin Apology. These in turn reveal the sophisticated rhetorical devices Justin employs, his goals in so doing, and the consequences for our understanding of the supposed new genre of Christian “apology.”