bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impaired NLRP3 Inflammasome Function in Elderly Mice during Influenza Infection Is Rescued by Treatment with Nigericin
Authors: Stout-Delgado Heather W. , Vaughan Sarah E. , Shirali Anushree C. , Jaramillo Richard J. , Harrod Kevin S. 
Published: February 2012

AbstractThe NLRP3 inflammasome is activated in the lung during influenza viral infection; however, the impact of aging on inflammasome function during influenza infection has not been examined. In this study, we show that elderly mice infected with a mouse-adapted strain of influenza produced lower levels of IL-1β during in vitro and in vivo infection. Dendritic cells from elderly mice exhibited decreased expression of ASC, NLRP3, and capase-1 but increased expression of pro–IL-1β, pro–IL-18, and pro–IL-33 compared with dendritic cells from young infected mice. Treatment with nigericin during influenza infection augmented IL-1β production, increased caspase-1 activity, and decreased morbidity and mortality in elderly mice. Our study demonstrates for the first time, to our knowledge, that during influenza viral infection, elderly mice have impaired NLRP3 inflammasome activity and that treatment with nigericin rescues NLRP3 activation in elderly hosts.
Addition of gemcitabine to standard therapy in locally advanced cervical cancer: A randomized comparative study
Authors: Roy Sanjoy , Maji Tapas , Chaudhuri Prabir , Lahiri Debarshi , Biswas Jaydip ,   Devleena
Published: February 2012

Abstract
Background: The concurrent chemoradiotherapy for cervical cancer treatment is well accepted since 1999. This randomized, phase III trial aimed to observe if any improved outcome could be obtained capitalizing on the synergistic activity of gemcitabine, cisplatin, XRT. Materials and Methods: Stage IIB-IIIB, 18-70 years of age, KPS score ≥70, were randomized to control group and study group. Control group received cisplatin 40 mg/m 2 weekly with concurrent XRT, followed by brachytherapy and study group received gemcitabine 125 mg/m 2 weekly top of the same control group treatment. The primary end point was pathological response and toxicities along with patient compliance to treatment, late reactions, DFS and OS. Fifty patients were randomized between two arms. Results: The complete response in study and control arm was 96% and 88% respectively. Toxicities was significantly high in the study group compared to control group [leucopenia (P=0.015), skin reaction (P=0.03) and bleeding (P=0.019)]. Local recurrence rate: 8% in study arm, none in control arm. The distant failure prevailed in control arm (20% vs. 8%). On a median follow up of 21 months in control arm, the DFS was 73% whereas 83% in study arm in 16 months (P=0.69). OS in the study arm was 100% and 84.5% in the control arm (P=0.14). Conclusions: If the toxicity can be managed adequately in the combination chemo radiation group, it may produce an improvement in response. Survival benefit can also be obtained by introducing gemcitabine to cisplatin as radio sensitizer.
Bilateral angiosarcoma of breast in a young lady
Authors: Roy Sanjoy , Devleena Dr , Maji Tapas , Choudhuri Prabir , Biswas Jaydip , Lahiri Debarshi 
Published: February 2012

AbstractWe report a young lady with bilateral angiosarcoma of breast because of its rarity. A 29 year old unmarried female presented with bilateral breast lump. She underwent bilateral mastectomy with axillary dissection histopathology of which showed low grade angiosarcoma of left breast and high grade angiosarcoma of right breast. CT Thorax revealed right hilar and right mediastenal lymph nodes. She was treated with radiotherapy and chemotherapy postoperatively.
Persistent or recurrent Castleman′s disease - Look out for a lurking lymphoma!
Authors: Rao Shalinee , Ramesh Anita , Rajkumar Aarthi , Arcot Rekha , Kuruvilla Sarah 
Published: February 2012

AbstractCastleman′s disease, a rare condition of uncertain etiology clinically presents in isolated form or as a multicentric disease. The multicentric form can develop malignancies such as Kaposi′s sarcoma or lymphomas. We present a case of Castleman′s disease with coexisting interfollicular Hodgkin′s lymphoma that was confirmed by immunohistochemistry. This case report highlights the fact that an occult lymphoma has to be ruled out in persistent or recurrent Castleman′s disease.
Multicentric sinus histicytosis (Rosai-Dorfman Disease): Computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging findings
Authors: Chandrashekhara S H , Manjunatha Y C , Muzumder Sandeep , Bahl Amit , Das Prasenjit , Suri Vaishali , Thulkar Sanjay 
Published: February 2012

AbstractSinus histicytosis (Rosai-Dorfman disease) is a rare, benign granulomatous disease that typically presents with massive cervical lymphadenopathy. Extranodal involvement along with concomitant nodal disease occurs in about 43% of cases. We present a unique case of a 30-year-old male with cervical, retroperitoneal lymphadenopathy, associated with renal and pituitary sellar masses.
Tuberculosis masquerading as oral malignancy
Authors: Kannan S , Thakkar Purvi , Dcruz Anil K 
Published: February 2012

AbstractTuberculosis of the oral cavity is a rare condition. A 55-year-old labourer was referred as a case of oral cancer for further management. The patient had no systemic symptoms. Biopsy of the lesion revealed caseating granulomatous inflammation. Chest X-ray and sputum revealed evidence of asymptomatic pulmonary tuberculosis. The purpose of this paper is to sensitize clinicians to consider oral tuberculosis as a differential diagnosis in patients with an Non-healing oral cavity ulcer.
125 Years of The American Journal of Psychology: A Historical Overview
Authors: Fuchs Alfred H. 
Published: February 2012

Abstract
The American Journal of Psychology celebrates 125 years of publication this year. From its inception, the Journal has attempted to record and communicate the results of research conducted in laboratories of psychology. It has also provided its readers with laboratory plans and designs for apparatus for research and demonstrations and described experimental procedures to facilitate the conduct of research. Its attention to reviews of books over a wide range of psychological topics and its inclusion of articles that provide historical perspectives on the development of psychology and its concerns broaden the context in which laboratory research is carried out. This brief overview of the Journal’s history offers a perspective on the role of the Journal in, and its contributions to, the development of scientific psychology.
When Violations of Perfect Duties Do Not Cause Strong Trait Attributions
Authors: Trafimow David , Ishikawa Yuki 
Published: February 2012

Abstract
It is well documented that violations of perfect duties (duties that can never be violated by moral agents) cause strong trait attributions. Brown, Trafimow, and Gregory (2005) found an exception to this general principle when the violation is performed under extreme circumstances. In the present research, we hypothesized that extreme circumstances are not necessary to weaken the attributional effect of violations of perfect duties provided that the violations were performed to help another person. Two experiments were performed in which target people violated perfect or imperfect duties for an unspecified reason or to help a third party. As expected, perfect duty violations did not result in strong trait attributions when they were performed to help someone, although they did result in strong trait attributions otherwise. Thus, the data support that the motive to help is sufficient to eliminate correspondent inferences to perfect duty violations.
An Apparent-Motion Confound Causes the Negative Exogenous Cuing Effect at SOAs With Larger Numbers of Target Locations
Authors: Chen Peii , Mordkoff J. Toby 
Published: February 2012

Abstract
Salient but irrelevant stimuli seem to cause an automatic orienting of covert attention, facilitating the detection of targets at the cued location for a brief period of time. However, this finding is highly dependent on the number of possible target locations, at least when the simple detection of targets is all that the task requires. Whereas small numbers of possible target locations (e.g., 2 or 3) produce the well-known advantage in response time for valid cue trials (i.e., a positive cuing effect), larger numbers of possible target locations (e.g., 6 or 8) produce a negative cuing effect. If not explained in terms of a nonattentional mechanism, this latter finding raises serious questions about the standard interpretation of positive cuing effects. The present experiment tested a particular nonattentional mechanism: that a confound between target presence and apparent motion, which occurs only on invalid cue trials, is responsible for negative cuing effect. We reduced or eliminated this confound by the use of a new type of catch trial and eliminated the negative cuing effect with large numbers of target locations.
Modality and Variability of Synesthetic Experience
Authors: Niccolai Valentina , Jennes Janina , Stoerig Petra , Van Leeuwen Tessa M. 
Published: February 2012

Abstract
In synesthesia, stimulation of one sensory or cognitive pathway leads to additional, involuntary experiences in a second sensory or cognitive pathway. We here review previous surveys on this neurologically based phenomenon and report the results of 63 synesthetes who completed our Internet and paper questionnaire on synesthesia. In addition to asking for personal data and information on the participant’s synesthesia, the questionnaire focused on the components of the inducer that elicit or modulate synesthesia. Synesthesia was most often developmental (92%) and of the grapheme-color type (86%). Sixty-two percent of the participants perceived time-related words in a spatial configuration. Music-color synesthesia was common (41%), and synesthesia for natural and artificial sounds (33%) was higher than in previous estimates. Eighty-one percent of participants experienced more than one form of synesthesia. Multimodal synesthesia, in which inducer and concurrent belong to 2 different sensory modalities, occurred in 92% of the participants. Overall, auditory stimuli were most often reported as inducers, and visual concurrents were most common. Modulations of the synesthetic experiences such as changes of the concurrent color, expansion within the same or to a different sensory modality, or reduction of the number of inducers over time were reported by 17% of participants. This challenges the presumed consistency of synesthesia and the adequacy of the test-retest consistency score still most commonly used to assess the veracity of reported synesthesia. Implications of the high prevalence of cross-modal synesthesia and the variability of synesthesia are discussed.
Modelling soil erosion with a downscaled landscape evolution model
Authors: Coulthard Tom J. , Hancock Greg R. , Lowry John B. C. 
Published: February 2012

ABSTRACTThe measurement and prediction of soil erosion is important for understanding both natural and disturbed landscape systems. In particular numerical models of soil erosion are important tools for managing landscapes as well as understanding how they have evolved over time. Over the last 40 years a variety of methods have been used to determine rates of soil loss from a landscape and these can be loosely categorized into empirical and physically based models. Alternatively, physically based landscape evolution models (LEMs) have been developed that provide information on soil erosion rates at much longer decadal or centennial scales, over large spatial scales and examine how they may respond to environmental and climatic changes. Both soil erosion LEMs are interested in similar outcomes (landscape development and sediment delivery) yet have quite different methodologies and parameterizations. This paper applies a LEM (the CAESAR model) for the first time at time and space scales where soil erosion models have largely been used. It tests the ability of the LEM to predict soil erosion on a 30 m experimental plot on a trial rehabilitated landform in the Northern Territory, Australia. It then continues to discuss the synergies and differences between soil erosion and LEMs.The results demonstrate that once calibrated for the site hydrology, predicted suspended sediment and bedload yields from CAESAR show a close correspondence in both volume and timing of field measured data. The model also predicts, at decadal scales, sediment loads close to that of field measured data. Findings indicate that the small‐scale drainage network that forms within these erosion plots is an important control on the timing and magnitude of sediment delivery. Therefore, it is important to use models that can alter the DEM to reflect changing topography and drainage network as well as having a greater emphasis on channel processes. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. and Commonwealth of Australia
Balancing perfectly periodic service schedules: An application from recycling and waste management
Authors: Kazan Osman , Dawande Milind , Sriskandarajah Chelliah , Stecke Kathryn E. 
Published: February 2012

AbstractA national recycling and waste management company provides periodic services to its customers from over 160 service centers. The services are performed periodically in units of weeks over a planning horizon. The number of truck‐hours allocated to this effort is determined by the maximum weekly workload during the planning horizon. Therefore, minimizing the maximum weekly workload results in minimum operating expenses. The perfectly periodic service scheduling (PPSS) problem is defined based on the practices of the company. It is shown that the PPSS problem is strongly NP‐hard. Attempts to solve large instances by using an integer programming formulation are unsuccessful. Therefore, greedy BestFit heuristics with three different sorting schemes are designed and tested for six real‐world PPSS instances and 80 randomly generated data files. The heuristics provide effective solutions that are within 2% of optimality on average. When the best found BestFit schedules are compared with the existing schedules, it is shown that operational costs are reduced by 18% on average. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 59: 160–171, 2012
Encoding substrates with mass tags to resolve stereospecific reactions using Nimzyme
Authors: Deng Kai , George Kevin W. , Reindl Wolfgang , Keasling Jay D. , Adams Paul D. , Lee Taek Soon , Singh Anup K. , Northen Trent R. 
Published: February 2012

RATIONALEThe nanostructure‐initiator mass spectrometry based enzyme assay (Nimzyme) provides a rapid method for screening glycan modifying reactions. However, this approach cannot resolve stereospecific reactions which are common in glycobiology and are typically assayed using lower‐throughput methods (gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) or liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS) analysis) often in conjunction with stable isotopically labeled reactants. However, in many applications, library size necessitates the development of higher‐throughput screening approaches of stereospecific reactions from crude sample preparations. Therefore, here we test the approach of utilizing Nimzyme linkers with unique masses to encode substrate identity such that this assay can resolve stereospecific reactions.METHODSWe utilize the nanostructure‐initiator mass spectrometry (NIMS) enzyme assay in conjuction with an accurate mass tagging approach where each reactant is tagged with a unique perfluoronated tail. Mass spectrometric analysis was conducted using conventional MALDI‐TOF instrumentation.RESULTSStereospecific reaction pathways of three stereoisomers (maltose, lactose and cellobiose) to afford the same product glucose were resolved simutaneously due to the presence of unique fluorous tags on both reactants and products. Not only purified enzymes, but also crude cell lysates can be used in this assay.CONCLUSIONSThe Nimzyme assay with accurate mass tagging provides a rapid method for screening for targeted stereospecific reactions using mass spectrometry and may be useful for high‐throughput screening and functional annotation of a wide range of glycan‐modifying enzymes. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Characterization and identification of a C‐terminal amidated mechano growth factor (MGF) analogue in black market products
Authors: Esposito Simone , Deventer Koen , Eenoo Peter Van 
Published: February 2012

RATIONALEMechano growth factor (MGF) is a splice variant of insulin‐like growth factor that possesses anabolic properties and has not yet been approved for therapeutic use. Nevertheless, it is readily available on the black market. Although the World Anti‐Doping Agency (WADA) has banned the use of MGF in sports, no routinely performed methods have been reported for its detection. In this work, two preparations from the black market containing an unknown MGF analogue were characterized.METHODSMass spectrometry characterizations of unknown preparations and a reference human MGF were performed on an Orbitrap and a triple quadrupole mass spectrometers after separation by liquid chromatography. High accuracy measurements allowed protein identification from full scan MS data, and low‐resolution full scan MS/MS provided further information on fragmentation.RESULTSHCD scans of the analytes showed the presence of common b series product ions in the black market preparations and the human MGF reference standard, but all the y series ions starting from (y1)+ exhibited a difference of 1 m/z unit in nominal mass. This difference was demonstrated to be due to a C‐terminal amidation of MGF. High‐resolution data demonstrated that the black market products were both C‐terminal amidated analogues of human MGF. In addition, low‐resolution MS/MS characterization revealed a potentially diagnostic transition (m/z 717.8 → 431.1) for the discrimination of C‐amidated MGF from the endogenous form.CONCLUSIONSQualitative identification of a MGF C‐terminal amidated analogue in two black market products was successfully achieved. This report demonstrates that illegal MGF preparations are commercially available for use as doping agent in sports. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Dried blood spot (DBS) sample collection for determination of the oxidative stress biomarker 8‐epi‐PGF2α in humans using liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry
Authors: Bastani Nasser E. , Gundersen Thomas E. , Blomhoff Rune 
Published: February 2012

RATIONALEF2‐isoprostanes are a series of prostaglandin F2‐like compounds that are formed by free‐radical‐catalyzed peroxidation of arachidonic acid (ARA). Several F2‐isoprostanes, but in particular 8‐epi‐PGF2α, are widely used as oxidative stress biomarkers. In this study we have developed an analytical tool for finger‐tip blood sampling and analysis of 8‐epi‐PGF2α from dried blood spots (DBS).METHODSWe have applied solid‐phase extraction (SPE) and liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS) for the extraction, separation and detection of 8‐epi‐PGF2α in DBS and have studied the stability of this marker using the DBS collection platform.RESULTSThe mass limit of detection (mLOD) for 8‐epi‐PGF2α extracted from DBS samples was 1.5 pg while the concentration limit of detection (cLOD) and concentration limit of quantitation (cLOQ) were 6 pg/mL and 18 pg/mL, respectively. All values based on triplicate analysis. Sufficient stability of 8‐epi‐PGF2α in DBS was achieved by preconditioning DBS paper with vitamin E and BHT.CONCLUSIONSThe developed method is sensitive, specific, robust, efficient, and can accurately measure endogenous concentrations of 8‐epi‐PGF2α in DBS. Thus, it offers an analytical approach to measure 8‐epi‐PGF2α by a novel sample collection technique that is less invasive and costly than conventional techniques. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Optimizing the enrichment of cross‐linked products for mass spectrometric protein analysis
Authors: Fritzsche Romy , Ihling Christian H. , Götze Michael , Sinz Andrea 
Published: February 2012

RATIONALEChemical cross‐linking in combination with a mass spectrometric analysis of the created cross‐linked products is an area of growing interest for deriving low‐resolution structural information of proteins and protein complexes. One of the greatest challenges is the complexity of the created cross‐linking mixtures, which can be met by a charge‐based enrichment of cross‐linked peptides after proteolytic digestion using strong cation‐exchange (SCX) chromatography.METHODSSCX chromatography was used for the enrichment of cross‐linked peptides with the N‐hydroxysuccinimide ester bis(sulfosuccinimidyl)succinate (BS3) prior to a mass spectrometric analysis by nano‐HPLC/nano‐ESI‐LTQ‐Orbitrap‐MS/MS. Bovine serum albumin (BSA) and glutathione S‐transferase (GST) were employed as model proteins.RESULTSConditions for SCX enrichment were optimized for obtaining as many interpeptide cross‐linked peptides as possible in order to maximize the amount of structural information from a single experiment. With an SCX‐based enrichment step of cross‐linked products within BSA using the cross‐linker BS3, 154 interpeptidal cross‐linking products were identified during nano‐HPLC/nano‐ESI‐MS/MS analyses, whereas analyses without a prior SCX enrichment allowed the identification of merely 20 cross‐linked products. The application of the SCX enrichment strategy for the analysis of cross‐linked products of GST with BS3 allowed the identification of 26 interpeptidal cross‐linked products compared with 16 without SCX enrichment.CONCLUSIONSFor both proteins investigated herein, BSA and GST, the introduction of an SCX‐based enrichment step prior to nano‐HPLC/nano‐ESI‐MS/MS of cross‐linked products led to a considerable gain in structural information. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Ion mobility spectrometry for microbial volatile organic compounds: a new identification tool for human pathogenic bacteria
Authors: Jünger Melanie , Vautz Wolfgang , Kuhns Martin , Hofmann Lena , Ulbricht Siobhán , Baumbach Jörg Ingo , Quintel Michael , Perl Thorsten 
Published: February 2012

Abstract
Presently, 2 to 4 days elapse between sampling at infection suspicion and result of microbial diagnostics. This delay for the identification of pathogens causes quite often a late and/or inappropriate initiation of therapy for patients suffering from infections. Bad outcome and high hospitalization costs are the consequences of these currently existing limited pathogen identification possibilities. For this reason, we aimed to apply the innovative method multi-capillary column–ion mobility spectrometry (MCC-IMS) for a fast identification of human pathogenic bacteria by determination of their characteristic volatile metabolomes. We determined volatile organic compound (VOC) patterns in headspace of 15 human pathogenic bacteria, which were grown for 24 h on Columbia blood agar plates. Besides MCC-IMS determination, we also used thermal desorption–gas chromatography–mass spectrometry measurements to confirm and evaluate obtained MCC-IMS data and if possible to assign volatile compounds to unknown MCC-IMS signals. Up to 21 specific signals have been determined by MCC-IMS for Proteus mirabilis possessing the most VOCs of all investigated strains. Of particular importance is the result that all investigated strains showed different VOC patterns by MCC-IMS using positive and negative ion mode for every single strain. Thus, the discrimination of investigated bacteria is possible by detection of their volatile organic compounds in the chosen experimental setup with the fast and cost-effective method MCC-IMS. In a hospital routine, this method could enable the identification of pathogens already after 24 h with the consequence that a specific therapy could be initiated significantly earlier.