bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of a virtual coaching program for women physicians on burnout, fulfillment, and self-valuation
Authors: Smith Sunny , Goldhaber Nicole , Maysent Kathryn , Lang Ursula , Daniel Michelle , Longhurst Christopher 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
Coaching has been demonstrated to be an effective physician wellness intervention. However, this evidence-based intervention has not yet been widely adopted in the physician community. Documentation and implementation research of interventions to address physician burnout in real world settings is much needed.

Objective
Assess the impact of a virtual physician coaching program in women physicians.

Design
Pre- and post-intervention surveys administered to participants enrolled in the program (N = 329). Effect size was calculated comparing pre- and post-intervention paired data (N = 201).

Participants
201 women physicians from 40 states in the United States of America and 3 international participants.

Interventions
Participants were given access to an 8 week virtual coaching program including eight individual, six small group, and 24 large group sessions.

Main measures
Stanford Professional Fulfillment Inventory (PFI) containing categories for assessing professional fulfillment, burnout, and the Clinician Self-Valuation (SV) Scale (a measure of self-compassion).

Key results
Burnout was found in 77.1% (N = 155) of participants at baseline, which reduced to 33.3% (N = 67) at completion with large effect size (Cohen’s d 1.11). The percentage of participants who endorsed significant professional fulfillment started at 27.4% (N = 55) and improved to 68.2% (N = 137) with a large effect size (Cohen’s d 0.95). Self-valuation improved from 17.9% (N = 36) of the participants endorsing a compassionate self-improvement perspective to 64% of the same participants eight weeks later. The self-valuation metric showed a very large effect size (Cohen’s d 1.28).

Conclusions
Virtual physician coaching programs led by physician coaches can decrease burnout, improve professional fulfillment, and increase self-compassion. Non-institution-based opportunities for coaching available to any physician across the United States and internationally can facilitate access to effective physician well-being interventions.
Single-cell and spatial transcriptomics reveal a high glycolysis B cell and tumor-associated macrophages cluster correlated with poor prognosis and exhausted immune microenvironment in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma
Authors: Dai Liyuan , Fan Guangyu , Xie Tongji , Li Lin , Tang Le , Chen Haizhu , Shi Yuankai , Han Xiaohong 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is a heterogeneous malignancy characterized by varied responses to treatment and prognoses. Understanding the metabolic characteristics driving DLBCL progression is crucial for developing personalized therapies.

Methods
This study utilized multiple omics technologies including single-cell transcriptomics (n = 5), bulk transcriptomics (n = 966), spatial transcriptomics (n = 10), immunohistochemistry (n = 34), multiple immunofluorescence (n = 20) and to elucidate the metabolic features of highly malignant DLBCL cells and tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), along with their associated tumor microenvironment. Metabolic pathway analysis facilitated by scMetabolism, and integrated analysis via hdWGCNA, identified glycolysis genes correlating with malignancy, and the prognostic value of glycolysis genes (STMN1, ENO1, PKM, and CDK1) and TAMs were verified.

Results
High-glycolysis malignant DLBCL tissues exhibited an immunosuppressive microenvironment characterized by abundant IFN_TAMs (CD68+CXCL10+PD-L1+) and diminished CD8+ T cell infiltration. Glycolysis genes were positively correlated with malignancy degree. IFN_TAMs exhibited high glycolysis activity and closely communicating with high-malignancy DLBCL cells identified within datasets. The glycolysis score, evaluated by seven genes, emerged as an independent prognostic factor (HR = 1.796, 95% CI: 1.077–2.995, p = 0.025 and HR = 2.631, 95% CI: 1.207–5.735, p = 0.015) along with IFN_TAMs were positively correlated with poor survival (p < 0.05) in DLBCL. Immunohistochemical validation of glycolysis markers (STMN1, ENO1, PKM, and CDK1) and multiple immunofluorescence validation of IFN_TAMs underscored their prognostic value (p < 0.05) in DLBCL.

Conclusions
This study underscores the significance of glycolysis in tumor progression and modulation of the immune microenvironment. The identified glycolysis genes and IFN_TAMs represent potential prognostic markers and therapeutic targets in DLBCL.
PoLYTC: a novel BERT-based classifier to detect political leaning of YouTube videos based on their titles
Authors: AlDahoul Nouar , Rahwan Talal , Zaki Yasir 
Published: June 2024

AbstractOver two-thirds of the U.S. population uses YouTube, and a quarter of U.S. adults regularly receive their news from it. Despite the massive political content available on the platform, to date, no classifier has been proposed to classify the political leaning of YouTube videos. The only exception is a classifier that requires extensive information about each video (rather than just the title) and classifies the videos into just three classes (rather than the widely-used categorization into six classes). To fill this gap, “PoLYTC” (Political Leaning YouTube Classifier) is proposed to classify YouTube videos based on their titles into six political classes. PoLYTC utilizes a large language model, namely BERT, and is fine-tuned on a public dataset of 11.5 million YouTube videos. Experiments reveal that the proposed solution achieves high accuracy (75%) and high F1-score (77%), thereby outperforming the state of the art. To further validate the solution’s classification performance, several videos were collected from numerous prominent news agencies’ YouTube channels, such as Fox News and The New York Times, which have widely known political leanings. These videos were classified based on their titles, and the results have shown that, in the vast majority of cases, the predicted political leaning matches that of the news agency. PoLYTC can help YouTube users make informed decisions about which videos to watch and can help researchers analyze the political content on YouTube.
Hospital and regional variations in intensive care unit admission for patients with invasive mechanical ventilation
Authors: Ohbe Hiroyuki , Shime Nobuaki , Yamana Hayato , Goto Tadahiro , Sasabuchi Yusuke , Kudo Daisuke , Matsui Hiroki , Yasunaga Hideo , Kushimoto Shigeki 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
Patients who receive invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) in the intensive care unit (ICU) have exhibited lower in-hospital mortality rates than those who are treated outside. However, the patient-, hospital-, and regional factors influencing the ICU admission of patients with IMV have not been quantitatively examined.

Methods
This retrospective cohort study used data from the nationwide Japanese inpatient administrative database and medical facility statistics. We included patients aged ≥ 15 years who underwent IMV between April 2018 and March 2019. The primary outcome was ICU admission on the day of IMV initiation. Multilevel logistic regression analyses incorporating patient-, hospital-, or regional-level variables were used to assess cluster effects by calculating the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), median odds ratio (MOR), and proportional change in variance (PCV).

Results
Among 83,346 eligible patients from 546 hospitals across 140 areas, 40.4% were treated in ICUs on their IMV start day. ICU admission rates varied widely between hospitals (median 0.7%, interquartile range 0–44.5%) and regions (median 28.7%, interquartile range 0.9–46.2%). Multilevel analyses revealed significant effects of hospital cluster (ICC 82.2% and MOR 41.4) and regional cluster (ICC 67.3% and MOR 12.0). Including patient-level variables did not change these ICCs and MORs, with a PCV of 2.3% and − 1.0%, respectively. Further adjustment for hospital- and regional-level variables decreased the ICC and MOR, with a PCV of 95.2% and 85.6%, respectively. Among the hospital- and regional-level variables, hospitals with ICU beds and regions with ICU beds had a statistically significant and strong association with ICU admission.

Conclusions
Our results revealed that primarily hospital and regional factors, rather than patient-related ones, opposed ICU admissions for patients with IMV. This has important implications for healthcare policymakers planning interventions for optimal ICU resource allocation.
A randomized controlled trial of immediate implant placement comparing hydroxyapatite nano-coated and uncoated sandblasted/acid-etched implants using a digital surgical guide
Authors: Ko Young-Chang , Lee Dongseob , Koo Ki-Tae , Seol Yang-Jo , Lee Yong-Moo , Lee Jungwon 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Purpose
This study evaluated the implant stability, volumetric changes, and patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) of hydroxyapatite (HA) nano-coated sandblasted/acid-etched (SLA) implants compared to uncoated SLA implants.

Methods
Forty patients were recruited and randomly allocated to HA nano-coated SLA group (test, n = 20) and uncoated SLA group (control, n = 20) using single-blinded/block randomization. Implants were immediately placed in maxillary posterior region using a digital surgical guide. Insertion torque and implant stability quotient (ISQ) were measured at implant surgery and 1, 2, 3, and 4 months postoperatively. Intraoral scans, PROMs and soft tissue inflammation data were collected, and multivariable linear regression analysis of ISQ was performed.

Results
In total, 48 implants (test; n = 24, control; n = 24) in 37 patients (test; n = 19, control; n = 18) were analyzed. Despite no significant between-group difference at surgery, the test group showed higher ISQ values than the control group at 2 (76.53 ± 4.17 vs. 71.32 ± 4.79, p < 0.01), 3 (77.45 ± 4.41 vs. 73.85 ± 4.69, p < 0.05), and 4 months (79.08 ± 2.96 vs. 73.43 ± 3.52, p < 0.0001) postoperatively. There were no significant differences in linear and volumetric changes, PROMs, and soft tissue inflammation analysis between two groups. The ISQ at implant surgery was influenced by age and diabetes mellitus (DM) at the implant level and DM and predicted total bone-to-implant contact area at the patient level.

Conclusion
HA nano-coated SLA implants promoted favorable immediate implants stability during early osseointegration phase compared to uncoated SLA implants, but displayed similar dimensional changes, PROMs, and soft tissue inflammation outcomes.

Trial registration
Clinical Research Information Service (CRIS), KCT0006364. Registered 21 July 2021, https://cris.nih.go.kr/cris/search/detailSearch.do?seq=24221&search_page=L.
Co-production in the Lost Mothers Project: transforming criminal justice narratives through Lived experience engagement
Authors: Abbott Laura , Chivers Kate , Moncrieffe Tuesdae 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe Lost Mothers Project researches the repercussions of mandatory separation between newborns and women in the Criminal Justice System (CJS), aiming to address gaps in evidence and decision-making for pregnant women within the CJS. Co-production with Birth Companions and their Lived Experience Team (LET) is integral, involving substantial input from the LET in various aspects. This paper, written collaboratively, explores the success stories, challenges, and impact of co-production on The Lost Mothers Project, emphasising the profound role of the LET in reshaping the criminal justice landscape for mothers within the system.The LET, comprised of mothers with direct CJS experience, assumes a central role as co-creators and decision-makers, providing invaluable insights into systemic issues. The co-design process, exemplified by refining the project's title and logo, showcases collaborative efforts to reduce isolation and emphasise the transformative power of co-production. Challenges in co-production, such as power dynamics and language barriers, are acknowledged, with strategies for overcoming them discussed. The project's commitment to non-hierarchical co-production ensures equal partnership among all stakeholders. Remuneration for the LET is prioritised, avoiding tokenistic engagement.The co-production paradigm in The Lost Mothers Project contributes to a more compassionate, equitable, and effective criminal justice system. This article concludes that co-production is not just a slogan but a cornerstone for empowering sometimes disempowered populations and fostering positive change in the criminal justice landscape. The transformative impact of the LET in actively shaping the research, coupled with their role as decision-makers, highlights the significance of lived experience engagement in reshaping narratives and creating inclusive research practices within criminal justice studies.
A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of metformin in reducing progression among men on expectant management for low-risk prostate cancer: The MAST (Metformin Active Surveillance Trial) study.
Authors: Fleshner Neil E. , Bernardino Rui Miguel , Lajkosz Katherine , Saad Fred , Izawa Jonathan , Drachenberg Darrel , Saranchuk Jeff W. , Tanguay Simon , Rendon Ricardo A. , Leveridge Michael , Shayegan Bobby , Fairey Adrian , Cockburn Jessica Grace , Berlin Doron , Hamilton Robert James , Sildva Tiiu , Breau Rodney H. , Richard Patrick O. , Klotz Laurence , Joshua Anthony M. 
Published: June 2024

LBA5002 Background: Active Surveillance (AS) involves vigilant monitoring of selected prostate cancer (PCa) patients, with radical treatment initiation upon significant disease progression. AS eligibility varies, generally including low-risk PCa men. Metformin, a widely-used oral hypoglycemic agent, is known for its excellent tolerability and efficacy in diabetes management. Extensive preclinical data suggested that metformin may slow PCa progression. The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of metformin on the rates of progression among men with low-risk localized PCa on AS. Methods: A randomized double blind placebo controlled trial was carried out in 14 centres across Canada.Eligible patients had biopsy-proven, low-risk, localized PCa diagnosed within the past 6 months, with a Gleason score of <6 observed in ≤1/3 of the total cores, less than 50% positivity in any one core, a PSA level of ≤10 ng/ml, and a clinical stage between T1c-T2a. Additionally, they chose active surveillance as their primary treatment. Subjects that met eligibility criteria were randomly assigned (1:1) to receive metformin 850 mg BID or placebo for 3 years. All patients underwent repeat prostate biopsy at 18 and 36 months. The primary endpoint indicated was time to progression, defined as the earliest occurrence of primary PCa therapy (e.g., prostatectomy, radiation, hormonal therapy) or pathological progression (>1/3 of total cores involved, at least 50% of any one core involved, or Gleason pattern 4 or higher). Results: In our cohort of 407 patients, 204 were administered metformin, and 203 received a placebo. The median age of the overall cohort was 63 years. Out of the total 407 patients, 141 experienced disease progression. There was no statistically significant difference in progression-free survival (PFS) observed between patients treated with metformin and those receiving placebo (p=0.63). Conclusions: Despite tantalizing preclinical and epidemiological data, metformin consumption does not alter rates of progression among men with low risk PCa on AS. Clinical trial information: NCT01864096 .
Clinical outcomes with perioperative nivolumab (NIVO) by nodal status among patients (pts) with stage III resectable NSCLC: Results from the phase 3 CheckMate 77T study.
Authors: Provencio Mariano , Awad Mark M. , Spicer Jonathan , Janssens Annelies , Moiseenko Fedor Vladimirovich , Gao Yang , Watanabe Yasutaka , Alexandru Aurelia , Guisier Florian , Frost Nikolaj , Franke Fabio A. , Hiltermann T.Jeroen Jeroen Nicolaas , He Jie , Tanaka Fumihiro , Lu Shun , Coronado Erdmann Cinthya , Sathyanarayana Padma , Tran Phuong , Devas Vipul , Cascone Tina 
Published: June 2024

LBA8007 Background: In CheckMate 77T, perioperative NIVO showed statistically significant EFS improvement vs neoadjuvant (neoadj) chemo followed by adjuvant (adj) placebo (PBO) in pts with stage (stg) II or III resectable NSCLC. We report clinical outcomes by baseline (BL) stg III N2 status, a subgroup with poor historical 5 y survival (26%–36%; Goldstraw J Thorac Oncol 2016). Methods: Adults with resectable stg IIA–IIIB (N2; AJCC v8) NSCLC were randomized to neoadj NIVO 360 mg Q3W + chemo (4 cycles [cyc]) followed by adj NIVO 480 mg Q4W (13 cyc) or neoadj PBO Q3W + chemo (4 cyc) followed by adj PBO Q4W (13 cyc). Primary endpoint: EFS per BICR. Exploratory analysis: efficacy and safety in pts with BL clinical stg III N2 or non N2 disease (dz). Results: BL characteristics were generally similar between pts with stg III N2 (NIVO, 91; PBO, 90) and non N2 dz (55; 57), and between treatment (tx) arms, except a higher percent of pts with N2 dz had NSQ histology and ECOG PS 0 (both arms). Pts with N2 dz had improved EFS with NIVO vs PBO (HR 0.46; 1 y EFS 70% vs 45%) and higher pCR (22.0% vs 5.6%; median f/u 25.4 mo; Table). Pts with non N2 also had EFS benefit with NIVO vs PBO (HR 0.60; 1 y EFS 74% vs 62%) and higher pCR (25.5% vs 5.3%; Table). Surgical feasibility was similar between pts with N2 and non N2 dz and numerically higher with NIVO vs PBO. Of pts with N2 dz, 77% (NIVO) vs 73% (PBO) had definitive surgery (pneumonectomy 1% vs 14%; R0 resection 86% vs 86%); of pts with non N2 dz, 82% vs 79% had definitive surgery (pneumonectomy 13% vs 9%; R0 resection 84% vs 87%). Tumor downstaging postsurgery was seen in most pts with stg III dz and was deeper with NIVO vs PBO: 61% vs 50% (N2; 33% vs 14% to ypT0), 87% vs 76% (non N2; 27% vs 11% to ypT0). Of all pts with stg III dz, nodal downstaging postsurgery was 52% (NIVO) vs 45% (PBO); 46% vs 36% to ypN0. Grade 3–4 TRAEs occurred in 34% (NIVO) and 26% (PBO) of pts with N2; 29% and 21% of pts with non N2 dz. Conclusions: In this exploratory analysis, perioperative NIVO showed clinical benefit vs PBO in pts with stg III NSCLC, regardless of N2 status. Over half of pts with stg III dz had nodal downstaging with NIVO; majority downstaged to ypN0. This first comprehensive analysis by nodal status among pts with stg III dz from a global phase 3 study of perioperative immunotherapy further supports perioperative NIVO as a tx option for pts with resectable NSCLC. Clinical trial information: NCT04025879 . [Table: see text]
Combination or sequence of vemurafenib, cobimetinib, and atezolizumab in high-risk, resectable melanoma (NEO-TIM): Primary results.
Authors: Ascierto Paolo Antonio , Quaglino Pietro , Spagnolo Francesco , Guidoboni Massimo , Del Vecchio Michele , Guida Michele , Peris Ketty , Fioretto Luisa , Caliendo Virginia , Marconcini Riccardo , Queirolo Paola , Caraco Corrado , Simone Mocellin , Vitale Maria Grazia , Mallardo Domenico , Giannarelli Diana , Paone Miriam , Trojaniello Claudia , Massi Daniela , Chiarion-Sileni Vanna 
Published: June 2024

LBA9513 Background: Adjuvant immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) and target therapy (TT) improve outcomes of patients (pts) with high-risk resectable melanoma. Prospective neoadjuvant (NAT) clinical trials with TT or ICB are now running in a subgroup of high-risk melanoma pts with pooled overall promising preliminary results of high rates of pathologic complete responses (pCRs, 30–50%) and early data of positive correlation between pCR and relapse-free survival (RFS). We aimed to conduct a randomized, non-comparative phase II trial to define the role of NAT plus adjuvant TT and ICB, given in combination or sequence, in pts with high risk surgically resectable melanoma. Methods: 95 pts with resectable, RECIST measurable stage IIIB/IV, BRAF-mutant melanoma were randomized 1:1 in arm A and arm B, respectively, to receive NAT vemurafenib (V) and cobimetinib (C) for 6 weeks or NAT triplet combination (V and C plus atezolizumab (A), followed by complete lymph node dissection (CLND). Patients with BRAF wild-type melanoma were included in Arm C with NAT C and A. All pts had 17 cycles of A 1200 mg IV q3w post-CLND. Primary endpoint is pCR centrally/independently determined defined as residual cancer burden 0. Secondary endpoints are RFS, Overall Survival (OS), Pathological Overall Response Rate (pORR), Safety, Biomarkers analyses. Results: At data cut-off Dec 15, 2023, 29% of pts were female, median age was 59 yrs, 60% had a clinical stage IIIC, and median f/u was 17 months (IQR: 10-22). The Major Pathological Response (defined as pCR/near-pCR) was reached in 13 (45%), 10 (34%) and 13 (36%) pts in arm A, B and C, respectively. Five (17%), 4 (14%) and 6 (16%) pts did not receive surgery, and 1 (3%) patient of arm B is still under evaluation of pathological respose rate (pRR). At 12 months,RFS was 78%, 86% and 82% in arm A, B and C, respectively. Nearly 19% of pts treated in arm C were discontinued before surgery due to PD, AEs or patient’s withdrawn consent, 7% and 14% in arm B and A, respectively, due to comorbidities and AEs. G3-G4 toxicity was observed in 38%, 24% and 22% of pts in arm A, B and C. Conclusions: Pts treated with TT upfront had highest response to NAT but the pts who received IO as NAT had a better RFS. Clinical trial information: NCT04722575 . [Table: see text]
Implementing Primary Care Reform in France: Bargaining, Policy Adaptation, and the Maisons de Santé Pluriprofessionnelles
Authors: Moyal Anne 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Context: The organization of primary care in France has long remained a secondary issue on the political agenda. The government began to address the difficulties of care access and coordination in the 2000s, when a seemingly viable solution emerged from the field: the maisons de santé pluriprofessionnelles (MSPs). In a corporatist system and a predominantly private sector, the government chose an incentive-based contractual policy to encourage providers to join these structures. This article analyzes the implementation of this policy, which depends on private providers’ commitment.
Methods: The article offers a comparative case study of six MSPs. Data were collected through semistructured interviews, observation sessions, and document analysis.
Findings: First, the article shows that the emergence of MSPs has only been possible thanks to an unprecedented alliance between general practitioners, the state, and the health insurance fund. Second, it argues that MSP policy implementation relies on a complex bargaining process between private providers and public authorities that enables the former to shape it to their local needs.
Conclusions: MSP implementation experiences raise questions both about the understanding of medical corporatism in France and the assimilation of policy changes and local variation through policy implementation.
Insider Trading Restrictions and Informed Trading in Peer Stocks
Authors: Deuskar Prachi , Khatri Aditi , Sunder Jayanthi 
Published: June 2024

Using a uniquely constructed data set of trades by corporate insiders in all stocks, we find that, after insider trading regulations become stricter, insiders are 20% more likely to trade in peer stocks and that such trades become more profitable. The increase in both the probability and profitability of peer-stock trades is driven by the insider’s information that is fungible to industry peers. Stricter insider trading laws are designed to improve liquidity and price informativeness in capital markets. We show that peer trading dampens these intended benefits of the insider trading regulation. This paper was accepted by Ranjani Krishnan, accounting. Funding: This work was supported by NSE-NYU Stern Initiative on the Study of Indian Financial Markets. Supplemental Material: The online appendix and data files are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2022.02907 .