bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
International Biological Flora:Ceratonia siliqua
Authors: Thomas Peter A. , Garcia‐Martí Xavier , Mukassabi Tarek A. , Tous Joan 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis account presents information on all aspects of the biology ofCeratonia siliquaL. (Carob) that are relevant to understanding its ecological characteristics and behaviour. The main topics are presented within the standard framework of theInternational Biological Flora: distribution, habitat, communities, responses to biotic factors, responses to environment, structure and physiology, phenology, floral and seed characters, herbivores and disease, history and conservation.Ceratonia siliquais a lowland evergreen shrub or tree, native around the Mediterranean basin and widely cultivated in areas with a warm temperate and subtropical climate, with more than 100 named cultivars. Carob grows on a wide range of soils including nutrient‐poor and strongly calcareous, dry soils.Carob is dioecious or rarely hermaphrodite although females dominate in cultivation due to their fruit. Pollination is primarily by insects and the relatively large seeds are spread mainly by ingestion of fruits by mammals. Seed dormancy is imposed by a hard seed coat and seeds germinate readily after natural or artificial scarification.Drought tolerance is very high, acting as a drought avoiding water spender. Carob is also very tolerant of saline conditions and tolerant of fire and can act to restrict wildfire spread by generating fuel discontinuity. It shows high post‐fire regrowth. Old individuals house a diversity of associated fauna and are comparatively unaffected by serious pests and diseases.Carob has a long cultural history around the Mediterranean as a food source for humans and domesticated animals, in herbal and modern medicine and, more recently, for the carob bean gum used in a variety of domestic products and foods. Commercial production of fruits has declined over past decades but the low cultural care needed in growing orchards, potential new markets for fruit and seeds, and growing use of the tree to prevent soil erosion and sequester carbon gives carob a brighter future.
How do street‐level organisations adapt to a new policy framework? Evidence from a Swiss canton
Authors: Domenig Claudio , Sager Fritz 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis article examines how street‐level organisations (SLO) respond to new legal framework conditions after regulatory reform. Organisational response to a changed legal framework is key to understand implementation resilience as established organisational practice may collide with new legal obligations. Our cases are four family support and child protection organisations in a Swiss canton facing new legislation. These SLO and their personnel are strongly committed to their clientele and thus cannot simply adapt to new legislation. The study shows how the organisations perceive their discretion in the implementation of the new policy framework, the accountabilities they are bound by, and the way they cope with divergent requirements and conflicting priorities given their dependence on the regulator as commissioner of their work. SLO differ in their strategies for dealing with the new legal framework depending on the economic context in which they operate, in particular if they act as mainly privately run organisations.Points for practitioners
Members of street‐level organisations (SLO) are strongly committed to their clientele and thus cannot simply adapt to new legislation.
Facing legal restrictions, SLO members aim to maintain their client‐oriented services and to exercise their discretion as far as possible.
SLO that are administratively and financially dependent on the regulator and the service commissioners cannot ignore a new legal framework.
SLO differ in their strategies for dealing with the new legal framework depending on the economic context in which they operate, in particular if they act as mainly privately run organisations.
Bank failures, capital buffers, and exposure to the housing market bubble
Authors: Kara Gazi I. , Vojtech Cindy M. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractWe develop housing overvaluation measures that are separate from local economic conditions and show that banks with greater exposure to such overvalued markets have higher mortgage delinquency and charge‐off rates and significantly higher probabilities of failure during the 2007–2009 financial crisis even after controlling for bank characteristics. While high house prices relative to fundamentals present a greater likelihood of house price correction, we find no evidence that banks managed this risk by building capital. We also show that our overvaluation measures are important in explaining individual mortgage loan defaults and could be used to improve bank risk management.
Implementation of an eFAST guideline and teaching to improve documentation practices and saving of ultrasound images
Authors: Rossi Joseph , Van Assche Anthony 
Published: May 2024

AbstractObjectivesTo investigate whether implementation of a hospital‐based Extended Focused Assessment with Sonography in Trauma (eFAST) guideline and teaching improved documentation and saving of images.MethodsA retrospective cohort study was conducted on trauma patients aged ≥16 years presenting to St Vincent's Hospital Sydney Emergency Department over two, three‐month periods in 2023.ResultsGuideline and teaching implementation resulted in statistically significant improvement in documentation on the Trauma Response Form, 85% (113/133) to 93% (120/129), odds ratio (OR) 2.4 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.03–5.40), P = 0.04, and images saved, 4% (5/133) to 21% (27/129), OR 6.7 (95% CI = 2.5–18.2), P < 0.001.ConclusionsDeveloping an eFAST Standard of Care Guideline and education was associated with improvements in documentation and saving of images to ultrasound machines.
‘On‐Demand’ snack service in a rehabilitation setting: Impact on satisfaction, intake, waste and costs
Authors: Ellick Jennifer , Pashley Alice , Cave Danielle , Nelson Oliver , Wright Olivia 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAimTo evaluate an ‘On‐Demand’ snack service in a rehabilitation setting for satisfaction, intake, waste and cost.MethodsIn September 2021, a trial of an ‘On‐Demand’ snack service was conducted on two general rehabilitation wards in a purpose‐built rehabilitation hospital. A retrospective comparison of pre‐implementation, 1‐month and 8‐month post‐implementation audit data was used to evaluate staff and patient satisfaction, nutritional intake, waste and cost (labour and food). Descriptive and inferential statistical analyses were performed for intake quantitative data and content analysis was conducted for qualitative data.ResultsA total of 26 responses from staff and 34 from patients were received. Staff reported higher overall satisfaction with the ‘tea‐trolley’ service (50% vs. 32%; χ2 6.815 [2]; p < 0.05). Patient satisfaction ratings of the original ‘tea‐trolley’ system were higher than the ‘On‐Demand’ snacks system (96% vs. 59%; χ2 41.60 [2]; p < 0.0001). Median daily intake from snack food and drinks was maintained (938 kJ and 6 g protein vs. 925 kJ and 6 g protein) and waste (23.3% vs. 20.9%; p < 0.05) decreased with the ‘On‐Demand’ service. Cost of ordered food was similar ($778.15 ‘tea‐trolley’ vs. $746.1 ‘On‐Demand’), however cost of waste ($179.47 ‘tea‐trolley’ vs. $128.7 ‘On‐Demand’) and labour ($1650.46 ‘tea‐trolley’ vs. $926.44 ‘On‐Demand’) reduced by 28% and 44%, respectively, with the ‘On‐Demand’ snack service.ConclusionImplementing an ‘On‐Demand’ snack service in the general inpatient rehabilitation setting resulted in reductions in food waste, foodservice staff labour and waste costs, while intake was maintained. Patient and staff satisfaction decreased warranting further investigation into appropriate implementation methods.
Effect of the storage process on quality characteristics of hemp‐enriched “tsoureki” a rich‐dough baked Greek product
Authors: Lazou Andriana E. , Chatzimichail Kyriaki , Revelou Panagiota‐Kyriaki , Tarantilis Petros , Protonotariou Styliani , Mandala Ioanna , Strati Irini F. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe effects of the storage process on the quality characteristics of a hemp‐enriched “tsoureki” (a rich‐dough baked Greek product, rich‐dough baked product [RDBP]) were investigated. The wheat flour was substituted with defatted hemp flour at selected ratios (0%–50% hemp:wheat flour). The baked products were stored at 25°C and at specific time intervals (0, 1, 4, 7, 10, and 14 days), and their properties were determined, including moisture content, water activity, structure, texture, color, total phenolic content (TPC), and antioxidant activity. Moreover, analyses of phenolic compounds were performed using quadrupole time of flight liquid chromatography–mass spectroscopy, identifying 14 compounds. Both the first‐order kinetic model and modified Avrami equation, including the hemp‐to‐wheat ratio effect in the rate constant, well described the changes in the quality characteristics. The results showed that storage time and hemp incorporation significantly affected the quality of the product. Water activity decreased from 0.901 to 0.859, whereas moisture content decreased from 30.52%–32.33% (0 days) to 26.97%–27.02% w.b. (14 days) with storage time for all hemp additions. Hardness was greatly affected by hemp flour addition and approached 14.72 and 17.85 N after 14 days of storage for 30% and 50% substitutions, respectively. Springiness and cohesiveness decreased with hemp addition and storage time. The color difference of the hemp‐enriched products compared to the control sample increased during storage. TPC increased due to the addition of hemp flour, whereas 14 compounds were identified. Based on property correlation, the hemp‐enriched RDBP‐tsoureki held its high‐quality characteristics for 7 days of storage and contained a significant amount of bioactive compounds.Practical ApplicationIndustrially produced, defatted hemp is a promising byproduct that can be used to nutritionally enhance baked goods. Modeling results can be used for the prediction of the properties that define product storage ability and also that the hemp‐enriched, rich dough‐baked Greek “tsoureki” could be produced while maintaining total phenolic content and antioxidant activity during 7 days of storage. These findings are expected to be used in the future in baked goods industry applications to produce goods with an improved nutritional profile.
Stereotactic biopsy with contrast‐enhanced mammography: the initial Australian experience
Authors: Layden Natalie , Sesnan Genevieve , Kessell Meredith , Hardie Mireille , Taylor Donna 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIntroductionContrast‐enhanced mammography (CEM) and MRI detect ‘contrast‐only’ lesions (COLs) occult on standard breast imaging (ultrasound and conventional mammography). Until recently, MRI was the only reliable method of biopsy. This study presents the first Australian experience with CEM‐guided biopsy (CEMBx) and the lessons learnt.MethodsA prospective audit of the first 15 consecutive patients who underwent CEMBx for COLs was performed. Indications for contrast imaging, patient and lesion characteristics, procedural details, radiation dose and pathology data were collected.ResultsThe 15 women were aged 37–81 years (mean 59 years). Indications for contrast imaging were problem solving (n = 3), moderate risk screening (n = 2), cancer staging (n = 9) and symptoms (n = 1). The COLs were non‐mass (n = 14), mass (n = 1) and an enhancing asymmetry (n = 1). For one patient, two lesions were sampled during the same event. All lesions enhanced and were successfully sampled followed by marker clip insertion. Most biopsies (87.5%) were performed with the breast in cranio‐caudal compression using a horizontal approach. Procedural duration ranged from 13 to 33 min (mean 22 min). Radiation dose was similar to standard stereotactic biopsy. Post‐biopsy hematomas occurred in three patients, none required intervention. Clip displacement occurred in three cases. Core biopsy histopathology results were benign (n = 8), malignant (n = 7) and a borderline breast lesion (BBL) (n = 1). Patient satisfaction rates were high. Imaging follow‐up is ongoing.ConclusionsCEMBx is a quick, safe and reliable alternative to MRIBx to sample COLs.
Prevalence of thyroid dysfunctions and thyroid autoantibodies in Thai patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: An age‐ and sex‐matched controlled study
Authors: Na‐Nan Kittiya , Waisayanand Nipawan , Gumtorntip Wanitcha , Wongthanee Antika , Kasitanon Nuntana , Louthrenoo Worawit 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackground/ObjectiveTo determine the prevalence of thyroid dysfunctions and thyroid autoantibodies in Thai systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients, and compare them with age‐ and sex‐matched healthy controls (HCs). Associations between thyroid dysfunctions and SLE disease activity, and associated factors for thyroid dysfunctions in SLE also were determined.MethodOne hundred SLE patients, without apparent clinical thyroid disease, attended the Rheumatology Clinic between November 2021 and October 2022, were enrolled into this study. HCs were matched to SLE cases by age and sex (ratio of 1:1). Clinical manifestations, SLE disease activity and medication received were collected in all SLE patients. Thyroid function tests and thyroid autoantibodies (anti‐thyroglobulin: anti‐TG and anti‐thyroid peroxidase: anti‐TPO) were collected from all participants.ResultsWhen compared with HCs, SLE patients had higher prevalence of thyroid dysfunctions, hypothyroidism and euthyroid sick syndrome (28% vs. 7%, p < .001, and 12% vs. 2%, p = .010, and 6% vs. 0%, p = .013, respectively). Prevalence of isolated hypothyroxinemia was higher numerically in SLE patients (9% vs. 3%, p = .074). Prevalence of anti‐TG or anti‐TPO was no different between SLE patients and HCs (16% vs. 18%, p = .707). There was no association between SLE disease activity and abnormal thyroid functions or thyroid autoantibodies. Family history of thyroid disease and prednisolone use (>10 mg/day) were associated factors for thyroid abnormalities with adjusted OR (95% CI) of 6.13 (1.58–23.75), p = .009 and 4.00 (1.37–11.70), p = .011, respectively.ConclusionThyroid dysfunctions were more prevalent in SLE patients. Family history of thyroid disease and prednisolone use (>10 mg/day) were independent associated factors of thyroid abnormalities.
Robust contracts in common agency
Authors: Marku Keler , Ocampo Sergio , Tondji Jean‐Baptiste 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBusiness activities often involve a common agent managing a variety of projects on behalf of investors with potentially conflicting interests. The extent of the agent's actions is also often unknown to investors, who have to design contracts that provide incentives to the manager despite this lack of crucial knowledge. We consider a game between several principals and a common agent, where principals know only a subset of the actions available to the agent. Principals demand robustness and evaluate contracts on a worst‐case basis. This robust approach allows for a crisp characterization of the equilibrium contracts and payoffs and provides a novel proof of equilibrium existence in common agency by constructing a pseudo‐potential for the game. Robust contracts make explicit how the efficiency of the equilibrium outcome relative to collusion among principals depends on the principals' ability to extract payments from the agent.
Genome‐wide association study of copy number variations with shank traits in a F2 crossbred chicken population
Authors: Lotfizadeh Fateme , Masoudi Ali Akbar , Vaez Torshizi Rasoul , Emrani Hossein 
Published: May 2024

AbstractCopy number variations (CNVs) are large‐scale changes in the DNA sequence that can affect the genetic structure and phenotype of an organism. The purpose of this study was to investigate the existing CNVs and their associations with the shank diameter (ShD) and shank length (ShL) traits using data from an F2 crossbred chicken population. To carry out the study, 312 chickens were genotyped using the Illumina 60k SNP Beadchip. The shank traits of the birds were measured from day 1 to 12 weeks of age. penncnv and cnvruler tools were used to find copy numbers and regions with copy number changes (CNVR), respectively. The CNVRanger package was used to perform a genome‐wide association study between shank traits and CNVs. Gene ontology research in CNVRs was carried out using the david database. In this investigation, 966 CNVs and 606 regions with copy number changes were discovered. The copy number states and variations were randomly distributed along the length of the autosomal chromosomes. Weeks 1–4, 9 and 12 of growth revealed a significant association of copy number variations with shank traits, false discovery rate (FDR‐corrected p‐value < 0.01), and the majority of CNVs that were statistically significant were found on chromosomes 1–3. These CNV segments are nearby genes such as KCNJ12, FGF6 and MYF5, which are fundamental to growth and development. In addition, gene set analyses revealed terms related to muscle physiology, regulation of cellular processes and potassium channels.
Preparation of the new peptide drug ACTY116‐loaded in situ forming implants and evaluation of its efficacy in pulmonary arterial hypertension and right ventricular hypertrophy induced by SU5416/hypoxia in mice
Authors: Liu Qiao , Luo Qingman , Zhong Bin , Xiong Yingxin , Chen Xueling , Li Xiaohui 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThere is a lack of effective therapeutic drugs for pulmonary arterial hypertension. Previous studies have demonstrated the positive cardiovascular system protective effects of the new peptide ACTY116. However, its stability in ordinary aqueous solution injections is poor and its half‐life in the body is short, which has hindered the development of preparations. This study aimed to prepare in situ forming implants (ISFIs) of the peptide ACTY116 and investigate its impact on pulmonary arterial hypertension. We prepared ISFIs using NMP/TA as a solvent and PLGA as a polymer. These ISFIs exhibited low viscosity, low toxicity and sustained release properties. In a mouse model of pulmonary hypertension induced by SU5416/hypoxia, both ISFIs and ACTY116 peptides effectively reduced pulmonary hypertension, cardiac hypertrophy and pulmonary blood vessel wall thickness. In conclusion, this study highlights the potential of ACTY116 as a treatment for pulmonary arterial hypertension and suggests that incorporating it into an in‐situ gel implant could be a promising option.
The impact of green brand trust repair strategies on trust repair after greenwashing: From a brand legitimacy perspective
Authors: Zhou Yi , Zhang Wei , Feng Yu 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAn increasingly worrying trend is enterprises undertaking greenwashing rather than producing actual green products. When such greenwashing behaviours are exposed, green brand trust between enterprises and stakeholders may be damaged, resulting in stakeholders becoming suspicious of these supposedly green brands. Then, enterprises need to adopt several trust repair strategies to repair the damaged green brand trust. We investigated green brand trust repair from a green brand legitimacy perspective and found the following: (1) higher green brand legitimacy suggests the use of considered informational, emotional and corrective repair strategies. (2) Meanwhile, lower green brand legitimacy requires the use of timely informational, emotional and corrective repair strategies. Using the correct set of repair strategies may provide practical and effective approaches for enterprises to repair their brand trust.
Ecosystem‐wide responses to fire and large mammal herbivores in an African savanna
Authors: Massad Tara Joy , Abrão Osvaldo Jacinto , António Hermínio , Chechene Acácio , Soares C. Tenente Beto , André Arquimedes , Félix Mundoza Diolinda , Stalmans Marc E. , Gaynor Kaitlyn M. , Junior Comissario Mandlate Luís , Rödel Mark‐Oliver , Naskrecki Piotr 
Published: May 2024

AbstractFire and large mammal herbivores (LMH) are the principal top‐down forces maintaining savanna structure. Nonetheless, experiments designed to investigate interactions between fire and LMH are rare in savannas, and relationships between environmental variation and biodiversity in the context of fire and LMH are poorly understood. This study addresses these gaps by manipulating the presence of LMH and early and late dry season fires in a tropical African savanna. In addition, this work simultaneously explores environmental variables including soil and foliar quality, vegetation cover, and nearby water sources to more holistically describe factors affecting savanna functioning and biodiversity. After 1 year of experimental treatments, changes in vegetation were already apparent. Shrub abundance and richness and grass richness were higher in the absence of LMH, while grass biomass increased three‐fold in burned plots as compared to unburned plots. Foliar nutrients tended to increase in open plots, while phenolics decreased. Amphibian abundance decreased with early burns and was higher with LMH. In contrast, small mammal abundance and richness increased without LMH and with time since fire. Richness and foraging of LMH were highest after late burns. These results demonstrate ecosystem‐wide effects of LMH, illustrating the importance of considering multiple taxa when designing fire management programs. For example, burning negatively affected amphibians and small mammals and changed vegetation at the same time it increased LMH foraging. In the long‐term, this experiment will shed light on interacting effects of fire and LMH on savanna biodiversity and function.Abstract in Portuguese is available with the online material.
Histological diagnostic discrepancy and its clinical impact in bone and soft tissue tumors referred to a sarcoma center
Authors: Kawai Akira , Yoshida Akihiko , Shimoi Tatsunori , Kobayashi Eisuke , Yonemori Kan , Ogura Koichi , Iwata Shintaro , Toshirou Nishida 
Published: May 2024

AbstractHistological diagnosis of sarcomas (malignant bone and soft tissue tumors) is challenging due to their rarity, morphological diversity, and constantly evolving diagnostic criteria. In this study, we aimed to assess the concordance in histological diagnosis of bone and soft tissue tumors between referring hospitals and a tertiary sarcoma center and analyzed the clinical impact of the diagnostic alteration. We analyzed 628 consecutively accessioned specimens from 624 patients who visited a specialized sarcoma center for treatment. The diagnoses at referring hospitals and those at the sarcoma center were compared and classified into four categories: agreed, disagreed, specified, and de‐specified. Of the 628 specimens, the diagnoses agreed in 403 (64.2%) specimens, whereas some changes were made in 225 (35.8%) specimens: disagreed in 153 (24.3%), specified in 52 (8.3%), and de‐specified in 20 (3.2%) cases. The benign/intermediate/malignant judgment changed for 92 cases (14.6%). The diagnostic change resulted in patient management modification in 91 cases (14.5%), including surgical and medical treatment changes. The main inferred reason for the diagnostic discrepancies was a different interpretation of morphological findings of the tumor, which accounted for 48.9% of the cases. This was followed by the unavailability of specialized immunohistochemical antibodies and the unavailability of genetic analysis. In summary, our study clarified the actual clinical impact of diagnostic discrepancy in bone and soft tissue tumors. This may underscore the value of pathology consultation, facilitating access to specialized diagnostic tools, and continued education. These measures are expected to improve diagnostic precision and ultimately benefit patients.