bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Psychodynamic Group Psychotherapy: Impact of Group Length and Therapist Professional Characteristics on Development of Therapeutic Alliance
Authors: Lorentzen Steinar , Bakali Jan Vegard , Hersoug Anne Grete , Hagtvet Knut A. , Ruud Torleif , Høglend Per 
Published: May 2011

ObjectivesLittle research has been done on therapeutic alliance in group psychotherapy, especially the impact of treatment duration and therapist professional characteristics.MethodsTherapeutic alliance was rated by patients on the Working Alliance Inventory—Short Form at three time points (sessions 3, 10 and 17) in a randomized controlled trial of short‐term and long‐term psychodynamic group psychotherapy. As predictors we selected therapist clinical experience and length of didactic training, which have demonstrated ambiguous results in previous research. Linear latent variable growth curve models (structural equation modeling) were developed for the three Working Alliance Inventory—Short Form subscales bond, task and goal.ResultsWe found a significant variance in individual growth curves (intercepts and slopes) but no differential development due to group length. Longer therapist formal training had a negative impact on early values of subscale task in both treatments. There was an interaction between length of the therapists' clinical experience and group length on early bond, task and goal: therapists with longer clinical experience were rated lower on initial bond in the long‐term group but less so in the short‐term group. Longer clinical experience influenced initial task and goal positively in the short‐term group but was unimportant for task or significantly negative for goal in the long‐term group.ConclusionThere was no mean development of alliance, and group length did not differentially impact the alliance during 6 months. Early ratings of the three Working Alliance Inventory—Short Form subscales partly reflected different preparations of patients in the two group formats, partly therapist characteristics, but more research is needed to see how these aspects impact alliance development and outcome. Therapists should pay attention to all three aspects of the alliance, when they prepare patients for group therapy. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.Key Practitioner Message

In psychodynamic groups, length of therapy does not differentiate the overall level or the development of member‐leader alliance.
Within psychodynamic groups, each individual appear to have their unique perception of the member‐leader alliance.
Therapists with longer formal psychotherapy training may be less successful in establishing early agreement with patients on the tasks of psychodynamic group psychotherapy.
Patients perceive a somewhat lower degree of early emotional bonding with the more clinically experienced therapists in long‐term psychodynamics groups.
Therapists with more clinical experience may contribute to a stronger degree of initial agreement with patients on the tasks and goals of short‐term group psychotherapy.
Nucleation and Chemical Transformation of RuO2 Films Grown on (100) Si Substrates by Atomic Layer Deposition
Authors: Salaün Amelie , Newcomb Simon B. , Povey Ian M. , Salaün Mathieu , Keeney Lynette , O'Mahony Aileen , Pemble Martyn E. 
Published: May 2011

AbstractWe describe the formation of RuO2 thin films grown using atomic layer deposition (ALD) on (100) Si substrates from Ru(EtCp)2 and O2, and the subsequent influence of annealing temperature and atmosphere on the surface morphology and structure of the deposited layers. The films are characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), X‐ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and electron diffraction (ED). The as‐deposited films consist of RuO2 islands. No significant changes in composition or morphology are observed following annealing in N2 for 4 h at either 500 or 700°C. Higher temperature annealing in N2 (820°C, 4 h) results in some modifications to the morphology and structure where ED data indicate the formation of some Ru metal. However, complete transformation from as‐deposited RuO2 to Ru metal is, obtained after annealing in forming gas (95% N2/5% H2) at 420°C for 5 min.
Distributed multichannel assignment with congestion control in wireless mesh networks
Authors: Valarmathi K. , Malmurugan N. 
Published: May 2011

AbstractIn Multichannel Wireless Mesh Network architecture, topology discovery, traffic profiling, channel assignment and routing are essential. From the existing work done so far, we can observe that no work has been carried out on the combined solution of multichannel assignment with routing protocol and congestion control. In this paper, we propose to design a Distributed Multichannel Assignment with Congestion control (DMAC) routing protocol. In this protocol, a traffic‐aware metric provides the solution for multichannel assignment and congestion control. Hence, the proposed protocol can improve the throughput and channel utilization to a very high extent. The proposed algorithm avoids self‐interference by not assigning a channel to any link whose incident links have already been assigned channels. By our simulation results, we show that our proposed protocol attains high throughput and delivery ratio along with reduced delay. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
In‐line coupling SPE and CE for DNA preconcentration and separation
Authors: Feng Airong , Tran Nguyet Thuy , Chen Chen , Hu Jiming , Taverna Myriam , Zhou Ping 
Published: May 2011

AbstractAn in‐line SPE method coupled to CE was developed for the analysis of DNA. The amino silica monolith was prepared in situ by polymerization of tetraethoxysilane and N‐(β‐aminoethyl)‐γ‐aminopropyltriethoxysilane in ethanol aqueous solution at the inlet end of a 100 μm id fused‐silica capillary, and the remaining part of the capillary was used as separation channel. The procedure for this in‐line SPE‐CE method was constructed on the basis of investigation on operational conditions such as the introduction mode of sieving matrix, the composition of elution solvent and the elution time. Twenty millimolar ammonium hydroxide was demonstrated to be effective for DNA desorption from the monolith, and linear poly(N‐isopropylacrylamide) was used as the separation matrix. The proposed method could achieve limits of detection of 0.065–0.123 ng/mL for six DNA fragments ranging 100–2000 bp. Compared with conventional CE, preconcentration factors of over 100 times were obtained. The applicability of the in‐line SPE‐CE method was further demonstrated by analyzing plasmid DNA from Escherichia coli crude lysate.
Micropreparative isoelectric focusing protein separation in a suspended drop
Authors: Egatz‐Gomez Ana , Thormann Wolfgang 
Published: May 2011

AbstractIEF protein binary separations were performed in a 12‐μL drop suspended between two palladium electrodes, using pH gradients created by electrolysis of simple buffers at low voltages (1.5–5 V). The dynamics of pH gradient formation and protein separation were investigated by computer simulation and experimentally via digital video microscope imaging in the presence and absence of pH indicator solution. Albumin, ferritin, myoglobin, and cytochrome c were used as model proteins. A drop containing 2.4 μg of each protein was applied, electrophoresed, and allowed to evaporate until it splits to produce two fractions that were recovered by rinsing the electrodes with a few microliters of buffer. Analysis by gel electrophoresis revealed that anode and cathode fractions were depleted from high pI and low pI proteins, respectively, whereas proteins with intermediate pI values were recovered in both fractions. Comparable data were obtained with diluted bovine serum that was fortified with myoglobin and cytochrome c.
Is metabolomics reachable? Different purification strategies of human colon cancer cells provide different CE‐MS metabolite profiles
Authors: Simó Carolina , Ibáñez Clara , Gómez‐Martínez Ángeles , Ferragut José A. , Cifuentes Alejandro 
Published: May 2011

AbstractIn this work, four different metabolite purification approaches are investigated prior to metabolomics of human HT29 colon cancer cells. Namely, methanol deproteinization, ultrafiltration and two SPE methods using C18 and polymer‐based cartridges were studied. The extracts were characterized via a metabolomic approach based on the application of CE TOF MS (CE‐MS). CE‐MS analysis time was less than 20 min per sample and allowed the simultaneous and reproducible analysis of more than 80 metabolites in a single run with a minimum consumption of sample and reagents. Metabolome analysis revealed in some cases important differences among the studied metabolite purification procedures. No significant differences were observed in the metabolite profile using C18 and polymer‐based cartridges, or between ultrafiltration and methanol deproteinization. However, important differences were observed in the metabolomic profiles obtained from SPE and methanol deproteinization samples. These results demonstrate the crucial role of the metabolite purification strategy in metabolomics since it can bias (and in some cases mislead) the conclusions achieved by the metabolomic study.
2‐DE and MALDI‐TOF‐MS analysis of therapeutic fusion protein abatacept
Authors: Nebija Dashnor , Urban Ernst , Stessl Martina , Noe Christian R. , Lachmann Bodo 
Published: May 2011

Abstract2‐DE and MALDI‐TOF MS are useful techniques for the quality evaluation of medicinal products derived from recombinant DNA technology. The principal objective of this study has been to evaluate the suitability of 2‐DE in combination with MALDI‐TOF MS for the quality study of the therapeutic recombinant protein, abatacept. 1‐DE SDS‐PAGE, under reducing and nonreducing conditions, and 2‐DE analysis were used for the assessment of Mr, pI, and enzymatic deglycosylation efficiency of abatacept. 2‐DE allowed the assessment of product identity, purity, charge heterogeneity, isoform pattern, and post‐translational modifications. Furthermore, optimization of the deglycosylation procedure, charge heterogeneity, and sample preparation for the subsequent MALDI‐TOF MS analysis has been addressed. PMF analysis allowed rapid identity confirmation of abatacept.
IRAP: An efficient retrotransposon‐based electrophoretic technique for studying genetic variability among geographical isolates of Schistosoma japonicum
Authors: Li Juan , Zhao Guang‐Hui , Li Xiao‐Yan , Chen Fen , Chen Jing‐Bin , Zou Feng‐Cai , Yang Jian‐Fa , Lin Rui‐Qing , Weng Ya‐Biao , Zhu Xing‐Quan 
Published: May 2011

AbstractIn the present study, a inter‐retrotransposon‐amplified polymorphism (IRAP) technique, based on retrotransposons, was used to examine genetic variability among Schistosoma japonicum isolates from different provinces in mainland China. Of the 15 primers screened, 5 produced highly reproducible IRAP patterns. Using these primers, 54 discernible DNA fragments were generated with 40 (74.07%) being polymorphic, indicating considerable genetic variation among the examined S. japonicum isolates. The primer LTR‐11 was found to be able to differentiate male and female parasites, producing one constant specific band for female S. japonicum isolates. The percentages of polymorphic bands (PPB) among all parasites, among isolates from mountainous provinces and among those from the lake/marshland areas were 74.07, 48.15, and 66.67%, respectively. UPGMA analysis revealed that the IRAP profiles could group S. japonicum isolates in mainland China into two clades (mountainous and lake/marshland types), and samples from the same geographical origins clustered together. These results demonstrated that the IRAP technique is suitable for studying genetic diversity and population structures, and also provides an effective technique for studying sex differentiation of S. japonicum.
PCR‐free digital minisatellite tandem repeat genotyping
Authors: Chen Yuchao , Seo Tae Seok 
Published: May 2011

AbstractWe demonstrated a proof‐of‐concept for novel minisatellite tandem repeat typing, called PCR‐free digital VNTR (variable number tandem repeat) typing, which is composed of three steps: a ligation reaction instead of PCR thermal cycling, magnetic bead‐based solid‐phase capture for purification, and an elongated sample stacking microcapillary electrophoresis (μCE) for sensitive digital coding of repeat number. We designed a 16‐bp fluorescently labeled ligation probe which is complementary to a repeat unit of a biotinylated synthetic template mimicking the human D1S80 VNTR locus and is randomly hybridized with the minisatellite tandem repeats. A quick isothermal ligation reaction was followed to link the adjacent ligation probes on the DNA templates, and then the ligated products were purified by streptavidin‐coated magnetic beads. After a denaturing step, a large amount of ligated products whose size difference was equivalent to the repeat unit were released and recovered. Through the elongated sample stacking μCE separation on a microdevice, the fluorescence signal of the ligated products was generated in the electropherogram and the peak number was directly counted which was exactly matched with the repeat number of VNTR locus. We could successfully identify the minisatellite tandem repeat number with only 5 fmol of DNA template in 30 min.
Cultivation of Chlorella vulgaris in microfluid segments and microtoxicological determination of their sensitivity against CuCl2 in the nanoliter range
Authors: Kürsten Dana , Cao Jialan , Funfak Anette , Müller Philipp , Köhler J. Michael 
Published: May 2011

AbstractThe cultivation of the monocellular green alga Chlorella vulgaris was implemented into microfluid segments to demonstrate the possibility of an automated screening of toxic effects of the common algaecide CuCl2. Therefore, the nutritional as well as light and carbon dioxide requirements of the algae had to be adapted to the microfluidic device. Generally, sequences of about 350 fluid segments with single volumes of about 500 nL were applied for the dose–response experiments. The growth of algae cultures inside microfluidic segments was non‐invasively measured by microflow through techniques using two different optical channels. A multi‐endpoint detection was realized by the photometric characterization of cell density by transmission measurements and the measurement of density of autofluorescent cells. The different methods revealed comparable half maximal effective concentrations (EC50) in the range between 34.6 and 39.9 μg/mL for the toxicity of CuCl2 to the green algae C. vulgaris. By reference experiments in microtiter plates lower EC50 were achieved presumably caused by increased alkalinity of the growth medium due to higher photosynthesis. The results show that the microsegmented flow technique is well suited for the automated determination of dose/response functions for microorganisms like C. vulgaris and for the application of multi‐endpoint procedures at the nanoliter scale.
Antibacterial effect of essential oil vapours against different strains of Staphylococcus aureus, including MRSA
Authors: Nedorostova Lenka , Kloucek Pavel , Urbanova Klara , Kokoska Ladislav , Smid Jakub , Urban Jan , Valterova Irena , Stolcova Miluse 
Published: May 2011

ABSTRACTThe aim of this study was to identify antimicrobial properties of selected essential oils in the vapour phase against different strains of Staphylococcus aureus, including MRSA and resistant clinical isolates. The resistance pattern of used S. aureus strains was checked by disc diffusion method against three antibiotics. Essential oils tested were obtained by hydro‐distillation and characterized by GC‐MS and SPME‐GC. Their antimicrobial properties in the vapour phase were determined by the micro‐atmosphere method. Among the essential oils tested, the most active was Armoracia rusticana with MICs ranging from 8.3 to 17 µl/l, followed by Origanum syriacum (8.3–130 µl/l), Allium sativum (8.3–530 µl/l), Satureja hortensis (17–130 µl/l), Satureja montana (33–260 µl/l), Thymus vulgaris (33–260 µl/l), and Thymus serpyllum (33–530 µl/l). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of their antimicrobial properties in vapour phase against a collection of strains and clinical isolates of S. aureus, including MRSA. Based on the results, the essential oils tested can be considered as effective anti‐staphylococcal natural products with specific application possibilities due to the activity in the vapour phase. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Flow and heat transfer with prescribed skin friction in a rotating fluid
Authors: Iqbal Z. , Sajid M. , Hayat T. , Obaidat S. 
Published: May 2011

SUMMARYThis paper investigates the rotating flow and heat transfer of a viscous fluid induced by a stretching surface. The nonlinear problem subject to a given skin friction at the boundary is solved. Analytic solution is obtained using homotopy analysis method. The velocity, temperature, and stretching velocity is calculated for different values of the rotation parameter (λ). The obtained results are compared with the well known results of rotating flow induced by a stretching surface by using four sets of boundary conditions. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Simulation of three‐dimensional flows over moving objects by an improved immersed boundary–lattice Boltzmann method
Authors: Wu J. , Shu C. 
Published: May 2011

SUMMARYAn improved immersed boundary–lattice Boltzmann method (IB–LBM) developed recently [28] was applied in this work to simulate three‐dimensional (3D) flows over moving objects. By enforcing the non‐slip boundary condition, the method could avoid any flow penetration to the wall. In the developed IB–LBM solver, the flow field is obtained on the non‐uniform mesh by the efficient LBM that is based on the second‐order one‐dimensional interpolation. As a consequence, its coefficients could be computed simply. By simulating flows over a stationary sphere and torus [28] accurately and efficiently, the proposed IB–LBM showed its ability to handle 3D flow problems with curved boundaries. In this paper, we further applied this method to simulate 3D flows around moving boundaries. As a first example, the flow over a rotating sphere was simulated. The obtained results agreed very well with the previous data in the literature. Then, simulation of flow over a rotating torus was conducted. The capability of the improved IB–LBM for solving 3D flows over moving objects with complex geometries was demonstrated via the simulations of fish swimming and dragonfly flight. The numerical results displayed quantitative and qualitative agreement with the date in the literature. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A dissipative particle dynamics study of flow in periodically grooved nanochannels
Authors: Kasiteropoulou D. , Karakasidis T. E. , Liakopoulos A. 
Published: May 2011

SUMMARYThe effect of periodic rectangular wall roughness on planar nanochannel flow is investigated by dissipative particle dynamics simulation. The wall protrusion length is varied, and its effect on the flow is examined. Analysis of particle trajectories and average residence time reveals temporary trapping of fluid particles inside the rectangular cavities for a considerable amount of time. This trapping affects the density, velocity, pressure, and temperature distribution inside and close to the cavities. Inside the cavities, low‐velocity regions and regions of high density related to high pressure and high temperature are observed. When compared with that of the channel with flat walls case, lower flow velocities, temperatures, and pressures are observed for grooved channels. The reduction of the above quantities is more pronounced as the protrusion length, that is, the roughness characteristic length, decreases. Finally, the relation of friction factor, f, with the flow Reynolds number is discussed. The model predicts  = constant in the range . The results of this work are of direct relevance to the design of nanofluidic devices. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The accuracy of family physicians' dementia diagnoses at different stages of dementia: a systematic review
Authors: van den Dungen Pim , van Marwijk Harm W. M. , van der Horst Henriëtte E. , Moll van Charante Eric P. , MacNeil Vroomen Janet , van de Ven Peter M. , van Hout Hein P. J. 
Published: May 2011

ObjectiveOptimising care for dementia patients and their informal carers is imperative in light of the impending dementia epidemic. An important aspect of care is accurate recognition and diagnosis of dementia. The aim of this review was to estimate family physicians' diagnostic accuracy at the different stages of dementia.MethodsPubmed, Embase, CINAHL, PsycINFO and the Cochrane Library were searched for articles comparing family physicians' ‘dementia’ and ‘cognitive impairment’ diagnoses in the primary care setting to reference standard dementia diagnoses.ResultsData from six cross‐sectional studies of moderate to reasonable methodological quality were extracted for the analysis. One study considered the accuracy of family physicians' recollected diagnoses, and three studies focussed on documented diagnoses. In these four studies, the sensitivity of family physicians' combined diagnostic categories of ‘cognitive impairment’ together with ‘dementia’ was 0.48–0.67 for mild dementia and 0.76–0.85 for moderate to severe dementia. The sensitivity of their diagnostic category ‘dementia’ alone was 0.14–0.33 for mild and 0.28–0.61 for moderate to severe dementia. Specificity was excellent for all severity stages in both comparisons.Three studies examined the accuracy of family physicians' judgement of cognition during consultation. Compared with the studies on recollection and documentation, these studies reported higher sensitivity and lower specificity.ConclusionMany individuals with dementia are not recognised or not diagnosed as such; particularly mild dementia is under‐diagnosed. Collaboration within primary care and education focussing both on knowledge and attitude are recommended to improve the accuracy of family physicians' dementia diagnosis. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Strategy for 14C‐labeling of a series of bis(heteroaryl)piperazines
Authors: Arjomandi Omid Khalili , Saemian Nader , Shirvani Gholamhossein , Javaheri Mohsen , Esmailli Kameh 
Published: May 2011

AbstractFour bis(heteroaryl)piperazines labeled with carbon‐14 in the 2‐position of imidazole moiety were prepared as part of a 4‐step (or 5‐step) sequence from 5‐hydroxymethyl‐2‐mercapto‐1‐benzylimida‐zole‐[2‐14C] as a key synthetic intermediate which has been synthesized from potassium [14C]‐thiocyanate. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
New opportunities offered by compact sub‐nanosecond supercontinuum sources in ultra‐broadband multiplex CARS microspectroscopy
Authors: Leproux P. , Couderc V. , de Angelis A. , Okuno M. , Kano H. , Hamaguchi H. 
Published: May 2011

AbstractWe report, to the best of our knowledge, the first turn‐key and compact dual‐output sub‐nanosecond supercontinuum source applicable to ultrabroadband multiplex coherent anti‐Stokes Raman scattering microspectroscopy of biological samples. The light source design and the microspectroscopy setup are described in details. Easy multicolour imaging of Caenorhabditis elegans nematode is operated successfully and discussed. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.