bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Robotic versus laparoscopic total mesorectal excision with lateral lymph node dissection for advanced rectal cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Chaouch Mohamed Ali , Hussain Mohammad Iqbal , Carneiro da Costa Adriano , Mazzotta Alessandro , Krimi Bassem , Gouader Amine , Cotte Eddy , Khan Jim , Oweira Hani 
Published: May 2024

Introduction
Lateral pelvic node dissection (LPND) poses significant technical challenges. Despite the advent of robotic surgery, determining the optimal minimally invasive approach remains a topic of debate. This study aimed to compare postoperative outcomes between robotic total mesorectal excision with LPND (R-LPND) and laparoscopic total mesorectal excision with LPND (L-LPND).

Methods
This meta-analysis was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-analysis (PRISMA) 2020 and AMSTAR 2 (Assessing the Methodological Quality of Systematic Reviews) guidelines. Utilizing the RevMan 5.3.5 statistical package from the Cochrane Collaboration, a random-effects model was employed.

Results
Six eligible studies involving 652 patients (316 and 336 in the R-LPND and L-LPND groups, respectively) were retrieved. The robotic approach demonstrated favourable outcomes compared with the laparoscopic approach, manifesting in lower morbidity rates, reduced urinary complications, shorter hospital stays, and a higher number of harvested lateral pelvic lymph nodes. However, longer operative time was associated with the robotic approach. No significant differences were observed between the two groups regarding major complications, anastomotic leak, intra-abdominal infection, neurological complications, LPND time, overall recurrence, and local recurrence.

Conclusions
In summary, the robotic approach is a safe and feasible alternative for Total Mesorectal Excision (TME) with LPND in advanced rectal cancer. Notably, it is associated with lower morbidity, particularly a reduction in urinary complications, a shorter hospital stay and increased number of harvested lateral pelvic nodes. The trade-off for these benefits is a longer operative time.
Using mobile technology for workplace learning
Authors: Trede Franziska , Macfarlane Susie , Markauskaite Lina , Goodyear Peter , McEwen Celina , Tayebjee Freny 
Published: May 2024

Students' agency is an importnat enabler of productive learning in complex, unpredictable workplace environments. In the study presented here, we explored how mobile technology can help students enhance their workplace learning experiences and develop their capacity to act as learners and future practitioners. We collected survey and interview data from 312 participants, which informed the development of Mobile Technology Capacity Building Framework that comprises thematic resources for students, academics and workplace educators. Its development draws on two sets of theoretical ideas: the importance of agentic learning that enables students to develop their practice capabilities; and the use of activity-centred learning design to distinguish between what can be designed ahead of time and what should be left to students' agency. This study and Framework contribute to understanding how the productive use of technologies can foster students' agency and development of deliberate professionals with a high sense of adaptive expertise.
Zivilgesellschaft in Subsahara-Afrika: Perspektiven & Entwicklungen
Authors: Turczynski Roman P. 
Published: May 2024

Zusammenfassung
Die Zivilgesellschaft in Subsahara-Afrika geriet im Zuge der dritten Welle der Demokratisierung in den Blick der Fachöffentlichkeit. Das Ende der 1980er und der Anfang der 1990er Jahre waren geprägt von Demokratisierungstendenzen und Unabhängigkeitsbestrebungen, die in aller Regel Protesten, organisiertem Widerstand und sozialen Bewegungen nachfolgten. Es verwundert deswegen nicht, dass die Zivilgesellschaft in Subsahara-Afrika in Form eben solcher Bewegungen auf dem Radar internationaler Beobachter auftauchte (vgl. Chazan 1992: 280). Zweck dieses Beitrags ist es, einen Überblick über die Breite des Forschungsfeldes der Zivilgesellschaft in Subsahara-Afrika zu geben. Dabei soll die historische Entwicklung zivilgesellschaftlicher Phänomene nachgezeichnet und die diesbezüglichen Besonderheiten der Region herausgestellt werden. Der Beitrag schließt mit einer Diskussion von aktuellen Trends auf dem Feld der Zivilgesellschaft in Subsahara-Afrika.
Soziale Bewegungen und Politik in Zimbabwe
Authors: Nhikiti Blessmore 
Published: May 2024

Zusammenfassung
Die Verbreitung sozialer Netzwerke wie Facebook und Twitter hat den sozialen Bewegungen in Simbabwe neue Wege eröffnet. Ob diese Bewegungen jedoch über ihre Hochphase hinaus Einfluss auf die Politikgestaltung hatten, ist noch nicht erforscht. Daher wurden in dieser Studie die Forderungen von Occupy Africa Unit Square (OAUS), #Tajamuka/Sesjikile (wir rebellieren) und #ThisFlag zwischen 2014 und 2016 untersucht. Diese werden den politischen Entwicklungen von 2016–2018 gegenübergestellt. Die Daten zu den Forderungen der Demonstranten wurden durch die passive Analyse von nutzergenerierten Text- und Videodaten generiert, die von den Facebook-Seiten der Aktivisten stammen. Sie wurden mittels Software qualitativ ausgewertet. Die Daten über langfristige politische Veränderungen in Simbabwe wurden per Sekundäranalyse erhoben. Dieser Artikel kommt zu dem Schluss, dass die Auswirkungen sozialer Bewegungen über ihre Hochphase hinaus berücksichtigt werden sollten. Die meisten sozialen Bewegungen konnten aufgrund von Widerständen herrschender Eliten keine unmittelbaren politischen Reformen erreichen. Allerdings wurden politische Maßnahmen, die den Forderungen der Demonstranten entsprachen, nach und nach umgesetzt. Somit ist eine umfassende Bewertung der Auswirkungen sozialer Bewegungen über einen längeren Zeitraum möglich.
Crises nos impérios.Narrativas do antropoceno na literatura portuguesa contemporânea
Authors: Grimaldi Susanne 
Published: May 2024

Resumo
Este artigo tem como objetivo caraterizar as narrativas do antropoceno na literatura portuguesa contemporânea. Nestes textos, aparecem tanto (re-)escritas sobre impérios passados que reciclam referências históricas do império colonial como rascunhos para impérios futuros. O objetivo desta contribuição será demostrar a presença do passado colonial e analisar estratégias narrativas que se usam para refletir o antropoceno português nos romances A nossa alegria chegou (2018), de Alexandra Lucas Coelho, Zalatune (2020), de Nuno Gomes Garcia e Cadernos da água (2022,) de João Reis.
Effect of manual manipulation on mechanical gait parameters
Authors: Yanuck Solomon B. , Fox Sarah K. , Harting Bethany R. , Motyka Thomas M. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Context
A variety of manual manipulation techniques are utilized in clinical practice to alleviate pain and improve musculoskeletal function. Many manual practitioners analyze gait patterns and asymmetries in their assessment of the patient, and an increasing number of gait motion capture studies are taking place with recent improvements in motion capture technology. This study is the first systematic review of whether these manual modalities have been shown to produce an objectively measurable change in gait mechanics.

Objectives
This study was designed to perform a systematic review of the literature to assess the impact of manual medicine modalities on biomechanical parameters of gait.

Methods
A master search term composed of keywords and Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) search terms from an initial scan of relevant articles was utilized to search six databases. We screened the titles and abstracts of the resulting papers for relevance and then assessed their quality with the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool. Clinical trials that featured both a manual manipulation intervention and multiple mechanical gait parameters were included. Case reports and other studies that only measured gait speed or other subjective measures of mobility were excluded.

Results
We included 20 studies in our final analysis. They utilize manipulation techniques primarily from osteopathic, chiropractic, massage, and physiotherapy backgrounds. The conditions studied primarily included problems with the back, knee, and ankle, as well as healthy patients and Parkinson’s patients. Control groups were highly variable, if not absent. Most studies measured their gait parameters utilizing either multicamera motion capture systems or force platforms.

Conclusions
Twelve of 20 papers included in the final analysis demonstrated a significant effect of manipulation on gait variables, many of which included either step length, walking speed, or sagittal range of motion (ROM) in joints of the lower extremity. However, the results and study design are too heterogeneous to draw robust conclusions from these studies as a whole. While there are initial indications that certain modalities may yield a change in certain gait parameters, the quality of evidence is low and there is insufficient evidence to conclude that manual therapies induce changes in biomechanical gait parameters. Studies are heterogeneous with respect to the populations studied and the interventions performed. Comparators were variable or absent across the studies, as were the outcome variables measured. More could be learned in the future with consistent methodology around blinding and sham treatment, and if the gait parameters measured were standardized and of a more robust clinical significance.
The Grip
Authors: Kraemer William J. , Nitka Mike 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT
In the realm of resistance training, the significance of grip technique is often understated yet crucial for performance enhancement and injury prevention. This Inside the Box provides a comprehensive analysis of grip methods, focusing on the mechanics and applications of closed and open grips. It details the variations of the closed grip—pronated, supinated, and mixed—and their specific muscular engagements. Our article also critically examines the open grip, acknowledging its benefits in muscle targeting while emphasizing its heightened risk of injury, particularly in heavy lifting scenarios. The synthesis of these insights offers a practical guide for safe and effective resistance exercise methods. The article underscores the necessity of understanding grip techniques in resistance exercise, aiming to enhance coaches' and athletes' education and safety awareness.
Potential Benefits of Postactivation Potentiation Protocols on Tennis Performance: A Systematic Review
Authors: Germic Ales , Filipcic Ales , Paravlic Armin 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT
The study aimed to provide an overview of the benefits of postactivation potentiation (PAP) protocols on tennis performance. All procedures were in accordance with the PRISMA guidelines. After an online search, 8 studies with 133 tennis players were eligible for inclusion. Results showed that a variety of methods were used to elicit PAP in tennis players, with maximal voluntary isometric contraction showing promising results in improving serve velocity (SV) by 4.6 km·h−1 (3.4 ± 4.6%; ES = 0.711) immediately after the preconditioning activity (PCA). The most favorable effects of PAP on sprinting time and maximal power were observed in resistance training exercises using squats as PCA, with loads near 60% of 1 repetition maximum (1RM), whereas the heavy load leg press warm-up demonstrated positive effects on agility and power. By contrast, negative effects on SV were observed with heavy 600-g ball throws. Despite limitations in match application because of the post-activation performance enhancement effect duration, these protocols remain beneficial for training purposes. Calculating volume load relative to 1RM can provide helpful insights for optimal PAP. However, individualizing PAP protocols based on athletes' characteristics and training status seems crucial and should be investigated in future studies.
Polinkio tikėti sąmokslu, asmenybės bruožų, streso įveikos strategijų ir psichologinės gerovės sąsajos
Authors: Jucevičiūtė Emilija , Zamalijeva Olga , Giedraitytė Miglė 
Published: May 2024

Conspiracy theories and people’s tendency to believe them have recently attracted a great deal of scientific attention because of the widespread nature of conspiracy beliefs, their potential to influence people’s behaviour and endanger public safety. To understand what leads people to believe in conspiracies, it is important to consider both intrinsic personal factors as well as external, learned factors that are related to the person’s environment. This study aims to explore which psychological factors contribute directly and indirectly to the propensity to believe conspiracy theories. The study involved 173 participants (80.3% women). The age of the participants ranged from 18 to 70 years (M = 33.34; SD = 14.62). The Conspiracy mentality scale was used to measure the subjects’ general tendency to believe in conspiracy theories. The participants’ Big Five personality traits, psychological well-being, and stress coping strategies were also assessed. The results of linear regression and path analysis show that the propensity to believe in conspiracy theories is directly predicted by social well-being, religion and avoidance coping which are used to reduce stress. In addition, conspiracy mentality has been found to be indirectly predicted by personality traits of extraversion and neuroticism, through social well-being and avoidance coping; in addition, path analysis revealed direct associations between the tendency to believe in conspiracy and extraversion. Skepticism (one of conspiracy mentality subscales) is directly predicted by avoidance coping strategy. Extraversion predicts propensity to believe conspiracy theories directly and – together with neuroticism – indirectly through social well-being and avoidance coping.
Autism Spectrum Disorder Diagnoses and Congenital Cytomegalovirus
Authors: Pesch Megan H. , Leung Jessica , Lanzieri Tatiana M. , Tinker Sarah C. , Rose Charles E. , Danielson Melissa L. , Yeargin-Allsopp Marshalyn , Grosse Scott D. 
Published: May 2024

OBJECTIVE
To examine the association between congenital cytomegalovirus (cCMV) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) administrative diagnoses in US children.

METHODS
Cohort study using 2014 to 2020 Medicaid claims data. We used diagnosis codes to identify cCMV (exposure), ASD (outcome), and covariates among children enrolled from birth through ≥4 to &lt;7 years. Covariates include central nervous system (CNS) anomaly or injury diagnosis codes, including brain anomaly, microcephaly within 45 days of birth, cerebral palsy, epilepsy, or chorioretinitis. We used Cox proportional hazards regression models to estimate hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals, overall and stratified by sex, birth weight and gestational age outcome (low birth weight or preterm birth), and presence of CNS anomaly or injury.

RESULTS
Among 2 989 659 children, we identified 1044 (3.5 per 10 000) children with cCMV and 74 872 (25.0 per 1000) children with ASD. Of those with cCMV, 49% also had CNS anomaly or injury diagnosis codes. Children with cCMV were more likely to have ASD diagnoses (hazard ratio: 2.5; 95% confidence interval: 2.0–3.2, adjusting for birth year, sex, and region). This association differed by sex and absence of CNS anomaly or injury but not birth outcome.

CONCLUSIONS
Children with (versus without) cCMV diagnoses in Medicaid claims data, most of whom likely had symptomatic cCMV, were more likely to have ASD diagnoses. Future research investigating ASD risk among cohorts identified through universal cCMV screening may help elucidate these observed associations.
Development of white organic light emitting diodes based on carbazole-derived compounds
Authors: Melnykov Serhii , Bilas Orest 
Published: May 2024

The object of research is the thermal, photophysical, and electrophysical properties of newly synthesized carbazole-derived compounds and organic light-emitting structures based on them. The problem consists in the comprehensive solution of scientific and technical problems of improving the characteristics of white organic light-emitting diodes (OLED), expanding their emission spectrum, improving color and energy characteristics.
The results of the thermal, electrophysical and photophysical properties of the investigated carbazole compounds were obtained. They demonstrated good thermal stability. Absorption spectra in solid films were recorded in the range of 300–350 nm. Photoluminescence spectra were observed at a wavelength of 407 nm for the first and second compounds and 430 nm for the third. The quantum yield of photoluminescence in films for compounds 1, 2, and 3 was 16 %, 7 %, and 7 %, respectively.
Organic light-emitting structures of white emission color with color coordinates (0.31, 0.35), (0.32, 0.34) and (0.38, 0.34) close to natural white light (0.33, 0.33) were formed using the thermovacuum sputtering method. The turn-on voltage of the white OLED is 6 V, the maximum brightness of the light-emitting structures was 10,000 cd/m2. The devices demonstrated a sufficiently high external quantum efficiency of 5 % to 7 %.
The obtained results are explained by the mixing of different types of electroluminescence, namely excitonic and electromeric. Electromeric radiation is obtained due to transport layers. This approach improves such an important parameter of white light as its quality, which includes color coordinates and color rendering index.
Due to their color characteristics, white light-emitting diodes based on carbazole-derived compounds are promising candidates for use in modern lighting systems. A separate advantage of these light-emitting structures is the dependence of the color gamut of their radiation on the applied voltage. In addition, organic LEDs based on carbazole-derived compounds have low energy consumption and are environmentally friendly due to the absence of toxic substances in their design, which creates prerequisites for both global energy savings and a reduction of the industrial burden on the environment.
Anti-crisis design for operational management of the restaurant business in Ukrain
Authors: Kharenko Dmytro , Fedosova Kateryna , Novichkova Tamara , Minieiev Andrii 
Published: May 2024

The object of this research is the impact of the crisis caused by military actions in Ukraine on the restaurant business. The study aims to examine the adaptation strategies that restaurants use for survival and development in the face of sudden economic changes and increasing uncertainty. The problems addressed in the study include responding to the loss of customers, rising food prices, decreasing cash flows, and a shortage of qualified workers.
The main findings of the study showed that restaurants that successfully adapt implement comprehensive changes: from digitalizing ordering and delivery processes to revising menus and optimizing resource use. These steps not only reduce costs but also improve operational efficiency, which is crucial for maintaining customer loyalty and attracting new customers. Specifically, restaurants that invested in digitalization (e. g., electronic menus, online ordering, and inventory management systems) reported a 30–40 % increase in sales compared to those that did not implement such changes. Restaurants that implemented strategies for staff retention and cost optimization reduced staff turnover by 25 % and increased productivity by 20 %.
The results are explained by the implementation of innovative approaches and strategic rethinking of business models, which allow quick responses to changing market conditions and consumer needs. Effective use of digital technologies and optimization of internal processes have become key success factors.
The data obtained have significant theoretical and practical value, as they can be used to develop recommendations aimed at improving the resilience and adaptability of the hospitality industry in crisis conditions. These results help understand how managers can use strategic planning to optimize business processes and ensure enterprise stability. The importance of the research is also highlighted by identifying future research directions that can help the restaurant business more effectively adapt to changing market conditions and global crises.
Mathematical modeling and analysis of export trends for certain pharmaceutical groups
Authors: Shaikhislamova А. R. , Gasratova N. А. 
Published: May 2024

Background. The analysis of the exports of medicines of the Russian Federation (RF) by group 30 (pharmaceutical products) of the commodity nomenclature of foreign economic activity of the Eurasian Economic Union (equal to Harmonized System Code 30, HS 30) is an important task for determining the economic potential of the country in the pharmaceutical industry.Objective: building an export regression model. Development of an alternative mathematical model of pharmaceutical products’ export, suitable for making the forecast.Material and methods. Statistical data on HS 30 exports from 2010 to 2021 were taken from an open source: The International Trade Center (Trade Map). Data for 2022 and later for the Russian Federation are not available in open sources. Registration on the website is not required to collect statistics on export and import volumes based on annual data. The well-known statistical methods and methods of mathematical modeling were used. An alternative approach to regression analysis was developed. Technical data analysis was performed using MAPLE (Watcom Products Inc., Canada) and R (Bell Laboratories, USA) software.Results. Two models were constructed: Model I – a differential model based on cumulative data by year, and Model II – a model of standard regression analysis, the input parameters of which were quarterly export data, and the influencing parameters were a certain group of factors. Model I allowed considering the dynamics of changes in pharmaceutical exports over time (dynamic factors and nonlinear interactions). Model II, in turn, made it possible to determine the dependence of the volume of pharmaceutical exports on various economic indicators, such as gross domestic product, the volume of government procurement, and measures of protectionism. The relative error of Model I does not exceed 10%, which makes it suitable for forecasting.Conclusion. The construction and analysis of specified models help to provide main information about the trends in pharmaceutical product exports in the RF and assess its potential in the global market. The obtained results can be useful for developing strategies of the pharmaceutical industry development, making management decisions and forecasting future exports.