bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bibliometric analysis of ultrasound research trends over the period of 1991 to 2006
Authors: Chen Ran‐Chou , Chu Dachen , Chiang Chih‐Hsin , Chou Chen‐Te 
Published: May 2009

AbstractPurpose.The objective of this study is to conduct a bibliometric analysis of all ultrasound‐related publications in the Science Citation Index (SCI).Method.A search on the databases of the SCI was performed covering the period of 1991–2006. All selected documents stated “ultrasound” as a part of the title, abstract, or keywords in the two fields of “acoustics” and “radiology, nuclear medicine, and medical imaging.” Analyzed parameters included authorship, total number of publications in each year, document type, and the authors' keywords. The data were recorded by publication year except the authors' keywords, which were grouped into four periods: 1991–1994, 1995–1998, 1999–2002, and 2003–2006.Results.A total of 17,775 documents were found, of which 85% were original articles. The yearly production increased from 740 (1991) to 1,208 (2006). The United States dominated with the most publications. The trend towards prenatal research declined in the last 4 years, while Doppler ultrasound research increased during 1999–2006.Conclusions.Periodic performance of bibliometric analysis of the ultrasound journals may reveal research trends. The most represented topics of ultrasound research are Doppler, prenatal diagnosis, MRI, contrast medium, and vascular studies. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound, 2009
Sonographic findings in a case of scrotal lymphangioma in a 68‐year‐old male
Authors: Lee Won Chan , Park Sung Bin , Lee Jong Hwa , Jang Jong Chang , Choi Hye Jeong , Park Sungchan , Moon Kyung Hyun 
Published: May 2009

AbstractLymphangiomas are benign tumors resulting from a congenital lymphatic malformation in infant and children. Most common sites are head, neck and axilla, and scrotal lymphangioma is very rare. Lymphangiomas are classified as capillary, cavernous, and cystic type and cystic type is most common. Complete surgical excision is definitive treatment and incomplete excision leads to local recurrence. We report a case of scrotal lymphangioma in 68‐year‐old male patient. Gray‐scale sonography revealed multiseptated, hypoechoic mass abutting the upper pole of the normal right testis. Color Doppler sonography showed no remarkable blood flow in the mass. MRI demonstrated multispetated extratesticular and extraepididymal mass in the right scrotum. Surgical excision was performed and the histopathologic diagnosis was a cystic lymphangioma. In conclusion when multiseptated cystic scrotal mass was discovered in an elderly patient, scrotal lymphangioma should be included in differential diagnosis. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound 2009
Application of microscopy in authentication and distinguishing of 11 Paris species in West Sichuan
Authors: Xue Dan , Yin Hongxiang , Li Jie , Liu Xianbo , Zhang Hao , Peng Cheng 
Published: May 2009

AbstractIn the trade and raw drug market, the medicinal plants of genus Paris are available in the form of rhizomes without any vouchers, thus making it difficult to identify and distinguish the different species of Genus Paris. Recent studies have shown that the species of Paris possess different chemical constituents, pharmacological activities, and efficiencies in clinical application. To distinguish 11 species of Paris collected from the western Sichuan province of China and ensure their safety and efficacy, in the present work, the microscopic characteristics of rhizomes and the crude drug powder of the 11 species of Paris were compared using a light microscope according to the usual microscopic techniques. The results of the microscopic features were systematically described and illustrated. The differences among these species are great enough that the identity of most material can be easily determined. Also, semiquantitative and quantitative micrographic parameter tables were simultaneously presented. Further, the key authentication parameters based on these anatomic characteristics analyzed was drawn up and presented for the Paris species studied. The study indicated that light microscopy and related techniques could provide a method that is convenient, feasible, and can be unambiguously applied in the authentication of species of Paris. This information is required not only for the identification procedures that guarantee the utilization of the appropriate raw material, but also for the quality control standards demanded. Microsc. Res. Tech. 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Imaging of cochlear tissue with a grating interferometer and hard X‐rays
Authors: Richter Claus‐Peter , Shintani‐Smith Stephanie , Fishman Andrew , David Christian , Robinson Ian , Rau Christoph 
Published: May 2009

AbstractThis article addresses an important current development in medical and biological imaging: the possibility of imaging soft tissue at resolutions in the micron range using hard X‐rays. Challenging environments, including the cochlea, require the imaging of soft tissue structure surrounded by bone. We demonstrate that cochlear soft tissue structures can be imaged with hard X‐ray phase contrast. Furthermore, we show that only a thin slice of the tissue is required to introduce a large phase shift. It is likely that the phase contrast image of the soft tissue structures is sufficient to image the structures even if surrounded by bone. For the present set of experiments, structures with low‐absorption contrast have been visualized using in‐line phase contrast imaging and a grating interferometer. The experiments have been performed at the Advanced Photon Source at Argonne National Laboratories, a third generation source of synchrotron radiation. The source provides highly coherent X‐ray radiation with high‐photon flux (>1012 photons/s) at high‐photon energies (5–70 keV). Radiographic and light microscopy images of the gerbil cochlear slice samples were compared. It has been determined that a 20‐μm thick tissue slice induces a phase shift between 1/3π and 2/3π. Microsc. Res. Tech., 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A versatile targeting system with lentiviral vectors bearing the biotin‐adaptor peptide
Authors: Morizono Kouki , Xie Yiming , Helguera Gustavo , Daniels Tracy R. , Lane Timothy F. , Penichet Manuel L. , Chen Irvin S. Y. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractBackgroundTargeted gene transduction in vivo is the ultimate preferred method for gene delivery. We previously developed targeting lentiviral vectors that specifically recognize cell surface molecules with conjugated antibodies and mediate targeted gene transduction both in vitro and in vivo. Although effective in some experimental settings, the conjugation of virus with antibodies is mediated by the interaction between protein A and the Fc region of antibodies, which is not as stable as covalent conjugation. We have now developed a more stable conjugation strategy utilizing the interaction between avidin and biotin.MethodsWe inserted the biotin‐adaptor‐peptide, which was biotinylated by secretory biotin ligase at specific sites, into our targeting envelope proteins, enabling conjugation of the pseudotyped virus with avidin, streptavidin or neutravidin.ResultsWhen conjugated with avidin‐antibody fusion proteins or the complex of avidin and biotinylated targeting molecules, the vectors could mediate specific transduction to targeted cells recognized by the targeting molecules. When conjugated with streptavidin‐coated magnetic beads, transduction by the vectors was targeted to the locations of magnets.ConclusionsThis targeting vector system can be used for broad applications of targeted gene transduction using biotinylated targeting molecules or targeting molecules fused with avidin. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Diverse genomic integration of a lentiviral vector developed for the treatment of Wiskott–Aldrich syndrome
Authors: Mantovani Julie , Charrier Sabine , Eckenberg Ralph , Saurin William , Danos Olivier , Perea Javier , Galy Anne 
Published: May 2009

AbstractBackgroundThe genomic integration of a lentiviral vector developed for the treatment of Wiskott–Aldrich syndrome (WAS) was assessed by localizing the vector insertion sites (IS) in a murine model of gene therapy for the disease.MethodsTransduced hematopoietic progenitor cells were transplanted into mice or cultured in vitro. The IS were determined in the genomic DNA from blood, the bone marrow of the animals and from cultured cells.ResultsSequencing vector–genomic DNA junctions yielded more than 150 IS of which 50–70% were located in transcription units. To obtain additional sequences from the population of cultured cells, we used a vector‐tag concatenation technique providing 190 additional IS. Altogether, the profiles confirmed the bias for integration in transcription units. The vector did not congregate as hotspots and did not appear to target specific categories of genes. The diversity of the IS reflected the initial marking of a polyclonal population of cells. However, relatively few vector IS were found in vivo because only 30–40 unique IS were identified in each mouse using this approach. Although four to ten IS were shared by the blood and bone marrow, no common IS was found between mice or between any mouse and the cultured cells.ConclusionsTaken as a whole, the pattern of genomic insertion of the WAS lentiviral vector was diverse and similar to that previously described for other HIV‐1‐derived lentiviral vectors. Testing cells destined for transplantation is unlikely to predict specific IS to be selected in vivo. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Synthesis and biodistribution studies of iodine‐131 D‐amino acid YYK peptide as a potential therapeutic agent for labeling an anti‐CD20 antibody
Authors: Sadri K. , Gandomkar M. , Babaei M. H. , Najafi R. , Zakavi S. R. , Sadat Ebrahimi S. E. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractA major drawback of conventionally radioiodinated monoclonal antibodies for radioimmunotherapy is in vivo dehalogenation of iodine as a result of deiodinase recognition. To solve this problem we have synthesized a YYK tri‐peptide consisting of non‐metabolizable D‐amino acids modified with the N‐succinimidyl (N‐Succ) function. The chemical purity of the synthesized peptide as assessed by analytical high performance liquid chromatography was 95%. Labeling of the Fmoc‐D‐Tyr(tBu)‐D‐Tyr(tBu)‐D‐Lys(Boc)‐N‐Succ was performed using the chloramine‐T method and the conventional extraction, resulting in a radiochemical yield of 50–71% and a radiochemical purity of >95%. Radioiodination of the peptide was followed by conjugation to anti‐CD20 antibody with 65–75% labeling efficiency and 90% radiochemical purity. The effect of radioiodinated peptide on the biological behavior of the conjugate was evaluated through biodistribution studies in normal Lewis rats. Thyroid and stomach levels from Rituximab labeled with [131I]‐YYK‐peptide were two‐ to four‐fold less than those with directly labeled [131I]‐Rituximab, suggesting low recognition of its D‐iodotyrosine residue by endogenous deiodinases. The favorable in vitro/in vivo stability and biodistribution profiles suggest that this radioiodine‐labeled YYK peptide is a good candidate for further exploration of its potential clinical application. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Purification and properties of an endoglucanase of Aspergillus terreus DSM 826
Authors: Elshafei Ali M. , Hassan Mohamed M. , Haroun Bakry M. , Abdel‐Fatah Osama M. , Atta Housam M. , Othman Abdelmageed M. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractEndoglucanase (EG) from A. terreus DSM 826 grown on sugar cane bagasse as a carbon source was purified using acetone fractionation, then a Sepharose‐4B chromatographic column, with purification of about 27‐fold and 10.5% recovery. The optimum temperature and pH for activity of the purified EG were found to be 50 °C and pH 4.8, respectively. The purified enzyme can stand heating up to 50 °C for 1 h without apparent loss of activity. However, the enzyme, incubated at 80 °C for 5 min, showed about 56% loss of activity. Optimum EG activity was recorded with a citrate buffer system (pH 4.8; 0.05 M). Co2+ (2.5 × 10–2 M) and Zn2+ (5 × 10–2 M) were found to activate the purified EG of A. terreus DSM 826 by about 83 and 25%, respectively. On the other hand, Hg2+ inhibited the activity of the purified EG by about 50 and 71% at a concentration of 2.5 × 10–2 and 5 × 10–2 M, respectively. Carboxymethyl cellulose was found to be the best substrate for the purified EG, with Vmax values of 4.35 μmol min–1 mg–1 protein. (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Classification of new BVDV isolates from Philippine water buffalo using the viral E2 region
Authors: Mingala Claro N. , Konnai Satoru , Tajima Motoshi , Onuma Misao , Ohashi Kazuhiko 
Published: May 2009

AbstractCharacterization of bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) isolates has been focused of several studies this last decade. Until now lots of new strains are being unfolded maybe due to the viral fast mutation ability. As we focused our research on water buffalo immunology, we were able to identify a probable new BVDV isolates. RNA was extracted from water buffalo blood in the Philippines. The extracted RNA was reverse‐transcribed and synthesized cDNA. Oligonucleotide primers from the viral E2 region were used to amplify the target viral gene and later purified, cloned and sequenced. The E2 region with 420 bp nucleotides long was compared with existing published sequences in the GenBank. Based on the constructed phylogenetic tree, the isolated strain showed to be a BVDV type 1b along with Osloss and CP7 strains. Further classification of the new isolates was done within the BVDV type 1b1 group, which was compared with other strains in the sub‐group. The analysis revealed that Lamspringe/738, KE9 and 2543/87 were the closest with 92% homology. Additional study is being done to further qualify and quantify the extent of the existence of this new BVDV isolates in water buffalo in the Philippines. This is the first report of BVDV in the Philippines and first concerning BVDV in Philippine water buffalo. (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
L‐methioninase production by Aspergillus flavipes under solid‐state fermentation
Authors: El‐Sayed Ashraf S. A. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractSolid‐state fermentation was carried out for the production of extra‐cellular L‐methioninase by Aspergillus flavipes (Bain and Sart.) using nine agro‐industrial residues, namely wheat bran, rice bran, wheat flour, coconut seeds, cotton seeds, ground nut cake, lentil hulls, soya beans and chicken feathers. Chicken feathers were selected as solid substrate for L‐methioninase production by A. flavipes. The maximum L‐methioninase productivity (71.0 U/mg protein) and growth (11 mg protein/ml) of A. flavipes was obtained using alkali pretreated chicken feathers of 50% initial moisture content as substrate supplemented with D‐glucose (1.0% w/v) and L‐methionine (0.2% w/v). External supplementation of the fermentation medium with various vitamin sources has no overinductive effect on L‐methioninase biosynthesis. The partially purified A. flavipes L‐methioninase preparation showed highest activity (181 U/ml) at pH 8.0 with stability over a pH range (pH 6–8) for 2 h. L‐methioninase activity was increased by preincubation of the enzyme for 2 h with Co2+, Mn2+, Cu2+ and Mg2+ and strongly inhibited by the presence of EDTA, NaN3, Li2+, Cd2+, DMSO and 2‐mercaptoethanol. The enzyme preparation has a broad substrate spectrum showing a higher affinity to deaminate L‐glycine, N ‐acetylglucosamine and glutamic acid, in addition to their proteolytic activity against bovine serum albumin, casein, gelatin and keratin. The partially purified enzyme was found to be glyco‐metalloproteinic in nature as concluded from the analytical and spectroscopic profiles of the enzyme preparation. The demethiolating activity of the enzyme was also visualized chromogenially. (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Effects of urbanization on the land sea breeze circulation over the Pearl River Delta region in winter
Authors: Lu Xi , Chow Kim‐Chiu , Yao Teng , Lau Alexis K. H. , Fung Jimmy C. H. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractIn this study, the fifth‐generation Pennsylvania State University‐National Center for Atmospheric Research Model (MM5) was used to investigate the effects of urbanization on land–sea breezes (LSBs) in the Pearl River Delta (PRD) region, which is a rapidly developing area located in southern China. LSBs in the 2003/2004 winter were simulated utilizing an approach in which the NCEP Final Analysis data averaged in the 2003/2004 winter is used as initial and lateral boundary conditions for the model. The simulated surface winds are shown to be capable of reproducing the basic features and diurnal variation of the LSBs. Sensitivity experiments with changes in land uses were performed with this model. Results of these experiments show that urbanization in the PRD region can have significant effects on the patterns of the LSBs and circulation in the region. In particular, it has been shown that the urbanization of Shenzhen (a major city located in the eastern coast of the PRD and neighbouring to the north of Hong Kong) may significantly enhance the sea breeze to the west of Hong Kong in the early afternoon. This may enhance the low‐level convergence in Hong Kong and may worsen the air pollution problem there. On the other hand, the effects of urbanization in the western coast of the PRD region are relatively local and LSBs on the eastern PRD are generally not affected. Copyright © 2009 Royal Meteorological Society
Fatty acid oxidation and meiotic resumption in mouse oocytes
Authors: Downs Stephen M. , Mosey Jessica L. , Klinger Jonathan 
Published: May 2009

AbstractWe have examined the potential role of fatty acid oxidation (FAO) in AMP‐activated protein kinase (AMPK)‐induced meiotic maturation. Etomoxir and malonyl CoA, two inhibitors of carnitine palmitoyl transferase‐1 (CPT1), and thus FAO, blocked meiotic induction in dbcAMP‐arrested cumulus cell‐enclosed oocytes (CEO) and denuded oocytes (DO) by the AMPK activator, AICAR. C75, an activator of CPT1 and FAO, stimulated meiotic resumption in CEO and DO. This effect was insensitive to the AMPK inhibitor, compound C, indicating an action downstream of AMPK. Palmitic acid or carnitine also promoted meiotic resumption in DO in the presence of AICAR. Since C75 also suppresses the activity of fatty acid synthase (FAS), we tested another FAS inhibitor, cerulenin. Cerulenin stimulated maturation in arrested oocytes, but to a lesser extent, exhibited significantly slower kinetics and was effective in CEO but not DO. Moreover, etomoxir completely blocked C75‐induced maturation but was ineffective in cerulenin‐treated oocytes, suggesting that the meiosis‐inducing action of C75 is through activation of FAO within the oocyte, while that of cerulenin is independent of FAO and acts within the cumulus cells. Finally, we determined that long chain, but not short chain, fatty acyl carnitine derivatives were stimulatory to oocyte maturation. Palmitoyl carnitine stimulated maturation in both CEO and DO, with rapid kinetics in DO; this effect was blocked by mercaptoacetate, a downstream inhibitor of FAO. These results indicate that activation of AMPK stimulates meiotic resumption in mouse oocytes by eliminating a block to FAO. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 76: 844–853, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Uterine expression of cp4 gene homolog in the Stripe‐faced Dunnart, Sminthopsis macroura: Relationship with conceptus development and progesterone profile
Authors: Menkhorst E. , Selwood L. , Cui S. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractThe marsupial conceptus is surrounded by a uterine‐secreted shell coat for 60–80% of gestation. Coat protein 4 (CP4) is the only marsupial shell coat protein characterized and it has only been identified in one species, the Common Brushtail Possum. In this possum, uterine transcription and secretion of cp4 during the oestrous cycle is biphasic and associated with the stage of conceptus development. Here we cloned cp4 (sm‐cp4) from a distantly related species, the Stripe‐faced Dunnart (Sminthopsis macroura). Transcription of sm‐cp4 and secretion of smCP4 were identified by semi‐quantitative RT‐PCR and immunohistochemistry, respectively. The effect of reproductive hormones on sm‐cp4 transcription was investigated in vitro by treatment of uterine explant cultures with oestrogen and/or progesterone. In vivo, uterine expression of smCP4 was biphasic and associated with conceptus development. Uterine smCP4 expression (transcription and secretion) began during the pre‐ovulatory period and continued post‐ovulation during cleavage stages. Transcription of sm‐cp4 continued during the unilaminar blastocyst stage, but smCP4 secretion was reduced during this stage. During the bilaminar blastocyst stage, both transcription of sm‐cp4 and secretion of smCP4 were low before they both resumed during the trilaminar blastocyst stage, and continued during the embryo and fetal stages. In vitro uterine transcription of sm‐cp4 increased after incubation with progesterone. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 76: 863–872, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The expression of the nuclear receptors NR5A1 and NR5A2 and transcription factor GATA6 correlates with steroidogenic gene expression in the bovine corpus luteum
Authors: Taniguchi Hiroaki , Komiyama Junichi , Viger Robert S. , Okuda Kiyoshi 
Published: May 2009

AbstractThe corpus luteum (CL) is the major site of progesterone (P4) production during the luteal phase of the estrous cycle in cattle. To better understand the molecular mechanisms underlying P4 production, we compared the mRNA and protein expression profiles of key components of the steroidogenic pathway (StAR, CYP11A, and 3β‐HSD) during the bovine CL luteal phase with that of several transcription factors (NR5A1, NR5A2, GATA4, GATA6) known for their roles in the control of steroidogenic gene expression. In the bovine CL, StAR, CYP11A, and 3β‐HSD mRNA and protein levels remained constant at the mid and late luteal phases but markedly declined at the regressed luteal stage. NR5A1 and NR5A2 exhibited a similar pattern with a significant decrease in expression at the regressed luteal stage. Both GATA4 and GATA6 mRNA and proteins could be detected in bovine CL; GATA6 levels, however, were generally higher. Although GATA4 expression did not change during the luteal phase, GATA6 showed a marked decrease at the regressed luteal stage, like NR5A1, NR5A2, and the other steroidogenic markers. Thus, we suggest that NR5A1, NR5A2, and GATA6, but not GATA4, contribute to the transcriptional regulation of steroidogenic gene expression, and hence P4 production, in the bovine CL. Furthermore, we have demonstrated the association of NR5A1 and NR5A2 with the bovine StAR promoter in the mid‐luteal CL using chromatin immunoprecipitation, suggesting that these factors have definitive roles in the regulation of StAR gene transcription in vivo. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 76: 873–880, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.