bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
RNA-seq in grain unveils fate of neo- and paleopolyploidization events in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)
Authors: Pont Caroline , Murat Florent , Confolent Carole , Balzergue Sandrine , Salse Jérôme 
Published: December 2011

Abstract
Background
Whole genome duplication is a common evolutionary event in plants. Bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is a good model to investigate the impact of paleo- and neoduplications on the organization and function of modern plant genomes.

Results
We performed an RNA sequencing-based inference of the grain filling gene network in bread wheat and identified a set of 37,695 non-redundant sequence clusters, which is an unprecedented resolution corresponding to an estimated half of the wheat genome unigene repertoire. Using the Brachypodium distachyon genome as a reference for the Triticeae, we classified gene clusters into orthologous, paralogous, and homoeologous relationships. Based on this wheat gene evolutionary classification, older duplicated copies (dating back 50 to 70 million years) exhibit more than 80% gene loss and expression divergence while recent duplicates (dating back 1.5 to 3 million years) show only 54% gene loss and 36 to 49% expression divergence.

Conclusions
We suggest that structural shuffling due to duplicated gene loss is a rapid process, whereas functional shuffling due to neo- and/or subfunctionalization of duplicates is a longer process, and that both shuffling mechanisms drive functional redundancy erosion. We conclude that, as a result of these mechanisms, half the gene duplicates in plants are structurally and functionally altered within 10 million years of evolution, and the diploidization process is completed after 45 to 50 million years following polyploidization.
Wnt signalling antagonizes stress granule assembly through a Dishevelled-dependent mechanism
Authors: Sahoo Pabitra K. , Murawala Prayag , Sawale Pravin T. , Sahoo Manas R. , Tripathi Mukesh M. , Gaikwad Swati R. , Seshadri Vasudevan , Joseph Jomon 
Published: December 2011

Summary
Cells often respond to diverse environmental stresses by inducing stress granules (SGs) as an adaptive mechanism. SGs are generally assembled as a result of aggregation of mRNAs stalled in a translational pre-initiation complex, mediated by a set of RNA-binding proteins such as G3BP and TIA-1. SGs may serve as triage centres for storage, translation re-initiation or degradation of specific mRNAs. However, the mechanism involved in the modulation of their assembly/disassembly is unclear. Here we report that Wnt signalling negatively regulates SG assembly through Dishevelled (Dvl), a cytoplasmic Wnt effector. Overexpression of Dvl2, an isoform of Dvl, leads to impairment of SG assembly through a DEP domain dependent mechanism. Intriguingly, the Dvl2 mutant K446M, which corresponds to an analogous mutation in Drosophila Dishevelled DEP domain (dsh1) that results in defective PCP pathway, fails to antagonize SG assembly. Furthermore, we show that Dvl2 exerts the antagonistic effect on SG assembly through a mechanism involving Rac1-mediated inhibition of RhoA. Dvl2 interacts with G3BP, a downstream component of Ras signalling involved in SG assembly, and functional analysis suggests a model wherein the Dvl-Rac1-RhoA axis regulates G3BP's SG-nucleating activity. Collectively, these results define an antagonistic effect of Wnt signalling on SG assembly, and reveal a novel role for Wnt/Dvl pathway in the modulation of mRNA functions.
AQP2 is necessary for vasopressin- and forskolin-mediated filamentous actin depolymerization in renal epithelial cells
Authors: Yui Naofumi , Lu Hua Jenny , Bouley Richard , Brown Dennis 
Published: December 2011

Summary
Remodeling of the actin cytoskeleton is required for vasopressin (VP)-induced aquaporin 2 (AQP2) trafficking. Here, we asked whether VP and forskolin (FK)-mediated F-actin depolymerization depends on AQP2 expression. Using various MDCK and LLC-PK1 cell lines with different AQP2 expression levels, we performed F-actin quantification and immunofluorescence staining after VP/FK treatment. In MDCK cells, in which AQP2 is delivered apically, VP/FK mediated F-actin depolymerization was significantly correlated with AQP2 expression levels. A decrease of apical membrane associated F-actin was observed upon VP/FK treatment in AQP2 transfected, but not in untransfected cells. There was no change in basolateral actin staining under these conditions. In LLC-PK1 cells, which deliver AQP2 basolaterally, a significant VP/FK mediated decrease in F-actin was also detected only in AQP2 transfected cells. This depolymerization response to VP/FK was significantly reduced by siRNA knockdown of AQP2. By immunofluorescence, an inverse relationship between plasma membrane AQP2 and membrane-associated F-actin was observed after VP/FK treatment again only in AQP2 transfected cells. This is the first report showing that VP/FK mediated F-actin depolymerization is dependent on AQP2 protein expression in renal epithelial cells, and that this is not dependent on the polarity of AQP2 membrane insertion.
CT-guided percutaneous drainage within intervertebral space for pyogenic spondylodiscitis with psoas abscess
Authors: Matsumoto Tomohiro , Yamagami Takuji , Morishita Hiroyuki , Iida Shigeharu , Asai Shunsuke , Masui Koji , Yamazoe Shoichi , Sato Osamu , Nishimura Tsunehiko 
Published: December 2011

BackgroundReports on CT-guided percutaneous drainage within the intervertebral space for pyogenic spondylodiscitis with a secondary psoas abscess are limited.PurposeTo evaluate CT-guided percutaneous drainage within the intervertebral space for pyogenic spondylodiscitis and a secondary psoas abscess in which the two sites appear to communicate.Material and MethodsEight patients with pyogenic spondylodiscitis and a secondary psoas abscess showing communication with the intradiscal abscess underwent CT-guided percutaneous drainage within the intervertebral space. The clinical outcome was retrospectively assessed.ResultsAn 8-French pigtail catheter within the intervertebral space was successfully placed in all patients. Seven patients responded well to this treatment. The one remaining patient who had developed septic shock before the procedure died on the following day. The mean duration of drainage was 32 days (13–70 days). Only one patient with persistent back pain underwent surgery for stabilization of the spine after the improvement of inflammation. Among seven patients responding well, long-term follow-up (91–801 days, mean 292 days) was conducted in six patients excluding one patient who died of asphyxiation due to aspiration unrelated to the procedure within 30 days after the procedure. In these six patients, no recurrence of either pyogenic spondylodiscitis or the psoas abscess was noted.ConclusionCT-guided percutaneous drainage within the intervertebral space can be effective for patients with pyogenic spondylodiscitis and a secondary psoas abscess if the psoas abscess communicates with the intradiscal abscess.
Retrospective review of hand-based splinting for zone II extensor pollicis longus tendon repairs using an early active motion rehabilitation regimen
Authors: van Veenendaal Penelope M , Moate Fiona A 
Published: December 2011

Introduction Forearm-based splints have been traditionally used for extensor pollicis longus (EPL) tendon repairs for zones T II–T V (T is used to represent thumb extensor tendon zones). Limited literature exists on hand-based splinting in the rehabilitation of zone T II EPL tendon repairs. This retrospective review of five case studies highlights the anatomical justification and the outcome of rehabilitation of zone T II EPL surgical repairs using a static hand-based thumb extension splint. Methods In this study, five patients were retrospectively reviewed. All patients attended hand therapy for initial treatment within three days postoperatively. The postoperative interphalangeal joint mobilization regimen utilized in this study was early active motion (EAM). Outcomes measured in the study were reliable and valid, including goniometry measurement at week 4, week 6 and week 8 postoperatively for range of motion, total active motion (TAM), Dargan's criteria assessing extensor lag and White's assessment of interphalangeal joint range of motion. Results The results demonstrated that a hand-based splint did not create undue stress on the EPL tendon repair, as there was no incidence of rupture. Hyperextension of EPL was within 8° compared with the non-injured thumb. ‘Excellent’ and ‘good’ categories were achieved when applying TAM criteria, White's assessment and Dargan's criteria. Conclusion A hand-based splint with an EAM regimen is a viable treatment option for zone T II EPL surgical repairs instead of a long forearm-based splint. Further research is warranted with a larger sample and using a control group.
Outcome of zone 2 flexor tendon injuries: Kleinert versus controlled active motion therapy regimens
Authors: Prowse Phoebe , Nixon Matt , Constantinides Joannis , Hunter Janet , Henry Angela , Feldberg Lore 
Published: December 2011

Introduction No single optimal regimen for the rehabilitation of flexor tendon injuries has yet been determined. We aimed to evaluate if a change in rehabilitation from a modified Kleinert to a controlled active motion (CAM) regimen had an effect on outcomes in a regional plastic surgery unit. We did this by comparing ruptures and range of movement of zone 2 repairs following both Kleinert and CAM regimens. Methods We performed a retrospective case series review, analysing data collected prospectively between 2004 and 2007. During 2004 and 2005, patients were rehabilitated with a modified Kleinert regimen, and during 2006 and 2007 a CAM regimen was used. We looked at total active motion (TAM) and ruptures at 12-week follow-up for all zone 2 repairs, and compared the two regimens. Results There were 38 patients with 42 injured digits in the Kleinert group, and 34 patients with 39 injured digits in the CAM group. There was no statistically significant difference in TAM achieved between the Kleinert and CAM regimens overall (70% versus 72% of normal in each group respectively, P = 0.70 t-test). Patients over 30 years old achieved significantly worse outcomes in the Kleinert group than in the CAM group ( P = 0.03). One digit ruptured following a Kleinert regimen (2.6%) compared with four digits in the CAM group (11.7%). Conclusion In this study, we found no overall difference in outcome following a Kleinert or CAM rehabilitation regimen. Rupture rates were higher in the CAM group by four-fold. In our patients those over 30 years had poorer outcomes when rehabilitated with a Kleinert regimen.
Effect of Information Feedback on Bidder Behavior in Continuous Combinatorial Auctions
Authors: Adomavicius Gediminas , Curley Shawn P. , Gupta Alok , Sanyal Pallab 
Published: December 2011

Combinatorial auctions—in which bidders can bid on combinations of goods—can increase the economic efficiency of a trade when goods have complementarities. Recent theoretical developments have lessened the computational complexity of these auctions, but the issue of cognitive complexity remains an unexplored barrier for the online marketplace. This study uses a data-driven approach to explore how bidders react to the complexity in such auctions using three experimental feedback treatments. Using cluster analyses of the bids and the clicks generated by bidders, we find three stable bidder strategies across the three treatments. Further, these strategies are robust for separate experiments using a different setup. We also benchmark the continuous auctions against an iterative form of combinatorial auction—the combinatorial clock auction. The enumeration of the bidding strategies across different types of feedback, along with the analysis of their economic implications, is offered to help practitioners design better combinatorial auction environments. This paper was accepted by Lorin Hitt, information systems.
Probability and Time Trade-Off
Authors: Baucells Manel , Heukamp Franz H. 
Published: December 2011

Probability and time are integral dimensions of virtually any decision. To treat them together, we consider the prospect of receiving outcome x with a probability p at time t. We define risk and time distance, and show that if these two distances are traded off linearly, then preferences are characterized by three functions: a value function, a probability discount rate function, and a psychological distance function. The concavity of the psychological distance function explains the common ratio and common difference effects. A decreasing probability discount rate accounts for the magnitude effect. The discount rate and the risk premium depend on the shape of these three functions. This paper was accepted by Peter Wakker, decision analysis.
Nicotinamide Inhibits Alkylating Agent-Induced Apoptotic Neurodegeneration in the Developing Rat Brain
Authors: Ullah Najeeb , Lee Hae Young , Naseer Muhammad Imran , Ullah Ikram , Suh Joo Won , Kim Myeong Ok 
Published: December 2011

Background
Exposure to the chemotherapeutic alkylating agent thiotepa during brain development leads to neurological complications arising from neurodegeneration and irreversible damage to the developing central nerve system (CNS). Administration of single dose of thiotepa in 7-d postnatal (P7) rat triggers activation of apoptotic cascade and widespread neuronal death. The present study was aimed to elucidate whether nicotinamide may prevent thiotepa-induced neurodegeneration in the developing rat brain.

Methodology/Principal Findings
Neuronal cell death induced by thiotepa was associated with the induction of Bax, release of cytochrome-c from mitochondria into the cytosol, activation of caspase-3 and cleavage of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP-1). Post-treatment of developing rats with nicotinamide suppressed thiotepa-induced upregulation of Bax, reduced cytochrome-c release into the cytosol and reduced expression of activated caspase-3 and cleavage of PARP-1. Cresyl violet staining showed numerous dead cells in the cortex hippocampus and thalamus; post-treatment with nicotinamide reduced the number of dead cells in these brain regions. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT)-mediated dUTP nick end-labeling (TUNEL) and immunohistochemical analysis of caspase-3 show that thiotepa-induced cell death is apoptotic and that it is inhibited by nicotinamide treatment.

Conclusion
Nicotinamide (Nic) treatment with thiotepa significantly improved neuronal survival and alleviated neuronal cell death in the developing rat. These data demonstrate that nicotinamide shows promise as a therapeutic and neuroprotective agent for the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders in newborns and infants.
Alexander the Great and the polis of Iasus: Salt and Democracy? Notes on the ‚Little Sea’ Inscription (IIasos 24 + 30) and the Ekklesiastikon Decree (IIasos 20)
Authors: Vacante Salvatore 
Published: December 2011

Abstract
The restoration (apodosis) of the so-called ‚Little Sea’ to Iasus, acted by Alexander the Great and known thanks to the decree IIasos 24 + 30 is herein examined and dated to the final years of the reign of the Macedon, when the Hecatomnid princess Ada was replaced by the new satrap, the Macedonian Philoxenus (326/4–323 BCE). The area, traditionally considered as a sort of vast fishing-ground, is reinterpreted from a new economic viewpoint, as an important site of salt pans and pasturages on regional scale. The apodosis may have produced, therefore, high revenues for the city, perhaps to be used in part (but there is complete uncertainty about this) for the ekklesiastikon payment described in IIasos 20. This event could be interpreted as one of the most relevant expressions of the king’s interest for the autonomia of the Greeks in the coastal area of north-western Caria.
Ländliches Leben im tunesischen Hinterland der hellenistischen Zeit
Authors: Gilhaus Lennart 
Published: December 2011

Zusammenfassung
Seit dem dritten Jahrhundert v. Chr. konzentrierte sich die libysche Bevölkerung, die zuvor eher verstreut gelebt hatte, verstärkt in kleinen befestigten Höhensiedlungen. Man baute vor allem Getreide an, daneben betrieb man Viehwirtschaft und pflanzte Fruchtbäume an. Diese Mischwirtschaft blieb auch in römischer Zeit bestehen. Meist gelang es einer bestimmten Familie die politische und religiöse Führung innerhalb der Siedlung zu monopolisieren. Ihren sichtbaren Ausdruck fand dieser Anspruch in den großen tumuli. Als Ort der Verehrung der gemeinsamen Ahnen waren die Gräber zudem Versammlungspunkte für die Gemeinde. Insofern waren sie auch ein sichtbarer Bezugspunkt der Siedlung und haben die Ausbildung einer lokalen Identität gefördert. Die libyschen Gemeinschaften des tunesischen Hinterlandes können mit Niklas Luhmann als „Häuptlingsgesellschaften“ bezeichnet werden. Diese Struktur kann man noch in Inschriften der Kaiserzeit erblicken, doch scheint die römische Administration die Entwicklung zu einer stärker verrechtlichten politischen und gesellschaftlichen Ordnung stimuliert zu haben.
Poetry and Roman technical writing: agriculture, architecture, tactics
Authors: Dueck Daniela 
Published: December 2011

Abstract
This paper studies the ways in which poetic citations were incorporated in Roman technical works, and specifically in compositions dealing with agriculture, architecture and tactics. The questions asked are: Which kinds of poems are cited? What is the frequency of their use? What is the role of these citations within their new context? The theme is particularly intriguing in relation to technical writing because by definition their focus was accurate information and pointed instruction while poetry was characterized by linguistic elaboration and emotional pathos. The reunion of these two literary genres – the technical and the poetic – is therefore the focus of the present discussion.
Die Gründung und Teilung der Provinz Germania
Authors: Ausbüttel Frank M. 
Published: December 2011

Zusammenfassung
Die Angaben in den literarischen Quellen fanden bislang wenig Beachtung bei der Betrachtung der Entstehung der germanischen Provinzen. Berücksichtigt man diese Angaben, dann ergibt sich ein anderes Bild über die Entstehung der Provinz Germania. Sie wurde offensichtlich um 16 v. Chr. links des Rheins gegründet und diente den Römern als Operationsbasis für Vorstöße in rechtsrheinisches Gebiet. Nachdem die Osterweiterung der Provinz mit der Niederlage des Varus gescheitert war, wurde sie zwischen 10 und 14 n. Chr. in die beiden Provinzen Germania inferior und Germania superior aufgeteilt. Die Existenz von zwei germanischen Militärdistrikten (Heeresbezirken) bis in die Zeit Domitians läßt sich nicht nachweisen. Vielmehr handelt es sich hierbei um einen Begriff, den die althistorische Forschung im 19. Jh. aufbrachte.
Ein angeblicher Meilenstein in Novae (Moesia Inferior) und der Kult des Deus Aeternus
Authors: Bartels Jens , Kolb Anne 
Published: December 2011

Zusammenfassung
Die Neuaufnahme der Inschrift IGL Novae Nr. 74 zeigt, daß es sich bei dem Monument, das die Inschrift trägt, nicht um einen Meilenstein, sondern um eine Weihesäule für den Deus Aeternus handelt. Die bisherigen Versuche, diese Gottheit und ihren Kult näher zu bestimmen, überzeugen nicht. Zu berücksichtigen ist zunächst, daß das Epitheton aeternus sich allgemein für die Verwendung bei ganz unterschiedlichen Göttern eignete. Entsprechend konnte es sowohl zur Beschreibung des jüdischen Gottes als auch zu der des Iuppiter Dolichenus herangezogen werden. Daneben spricht vieles dafür, daß es sich bei dem Kult für einen Deus Aeternus um eine lokale Entwicklung des Balkanraumes handelt, die möglicherweise Einflüsse aus unterschiedlichen Kulten aufnahm.
Der Stern Sirius im Alten Ägypten
Authors: Gautschy Rita 
Published: December 2011

Abstract
Recorded dates of heliacal risings of the star Sirius as reported from ancient Egypt have been used for chronological purposes for more than 100 years. This paper presents new calculations of heliacal risings and settings of Sirius for different places in Egypt and discusses the influences of various parameters and their uncertainties on the results. Comparison with ancient Egyptian observations gives a mean value for the arcus visionis of Sirius of about 10°, with plausible values between 9° and 11° depending on the transparency of the atmosphere. This means that a date of a heliacal rising or setting of Sirius, which was recorded in the Egyptian calendar, can pin down the absolute dating of the observation to 12 years, if one assumes that the place of observation is known and if no further information, e.g. lunar data, is available. All results of the calculations are accessible online.
A Contribution to the Study of the tekenu and its Role in Egyptian Funerary Ritual
Authors: Delgado Jose M. Serrano 
Published: December 2011

Abstract
The tekenu is a recurrent element in Egyptian funerary rituals which is not completely understood and, therefore, still raises several questions. The aim of this article is to reassert the human aspect of the tekenu and his role as officiant or ritualist. This study is based on a revision of known sources and incorporates new documents, mainly from the TT 295 and TT 11. In this role of officiant or ritualist, the tekenu participates in several episodes of the funeral ceremony, particularly in a ritual of dormition with a close analogy in the Opening of the Mouth.
Introducing the Banishment Stele into the 20th Dynasty
Authors: Thijs Ad 
Published: December 2011

Abstract
This article deals with the consequences of dating the Banishment Stele (Louvre C. 256) to the period immediately following the suppression of the High Priest of Amun, Amenhotep. It is postulated that the suppression was ended by a coalition of Ramses XI Menmare with Psusennes I, normally thought to have reigned much later. The latter sent his general/High Priest, Menkheperre, who temporarily took over the Theban high priesthood but had to withdraw when Amenhotep returned from exile. When order was restored, a new era was proclaimed: the wHm mswt. The lower date on the stele is interpreted as year 1 of this era, allowing the stele’s year 25 to become part of the 48-year reign of Psusennes I. It is shown how the events described in the Banishment Stele ultimately led to the political compromise that was the Oracle of Herihor (see: ZÄS 132): Ramses XI was not succeeded by Herihor, but by a king whose name (Khakheperre Pinuzem) suggests links with both Akheperre Psusennes I and HPA Menkheperre.