bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
On Wine and Fālūdhaj: Questions of Literary Influence and Creativity in the Plagiarism Dispute between al-Sarī al-Raffāʾ and the Khālidī Brothers
Authors: Naaman Erez 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Any critical engagement with the controversial fourth/tenth century plagiarism dispute between the poet al-Sarī al-Raffāʾ and the two Khālidī brothers poses a challenge. This challenge applies to evaluations made by both medieval and modern scholars who address the parties’ arguments with a varying degree of depth. In this article, I attempt to assess the plagiarism allegations and their textual basis within the context of the poetic norms and practices prevalent during that period. Following a discussion of medieval and modern views of the arguments made by the two parties, I will conduct an in-depth analysis of a relevant poetic case to explore questions of literary influence and creativity related to this dispute. The results, disappointing as they may be, show that it is impossible to confidently identify the culprit(s) in this dispute, and yet they shed light on the intricacies of intertextuality in Abbasid-era poetry.
Assisted Versus Unassisted Domiciliary Alcohol Detoxification: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Suresh Sneha B. , Rane Anil V. 
Published: May 2024

Background: Detoxification stands as a crucial phase in the treatment of alcohol use disorders (AUD), yet only limited data is available on the outcomes of home-based detoxification. Assisted domiciliary detoxification involves monitoring an individual’s withdrawal progress, while offering psychosocial support and detoxification services in the comfort of their home. Aim: To study outcomes of assisted over routine domiciliary alcohol detoxification in randomized controlled trials. Methodology: 100 consenting male patients who were advised of domiciliary detoxification were randomized into intervention ( n = 49) and control ( n = 51) groups. A predesigned semi-structured questionnaire was used to assess the socio-demographic and drinking-related variables. Both groups received routine care for alcohol withdrawal from respective treating doctors. Additionally, the intervention group received two sessions of brief intervention for alcohol and daily phone call assistance. Records were kept for adverse events. Phone calls were discontinued once detoxification was completed. Outcomes were measured for successful completion of detoxification and abstention from alcohol at the end of one month. Results: The intervention group had significantly higher successful detoxification rates (85.7% vs. 62.7%, p = .008) and significantly higher abstinence days at the end of one month compared to the control group (22 vs. 10 days, p < .001) with an effect size of 1.2 (confidence interval (CI) 0.69–1.53). Conclusion: This study demonstrates that receiving assistance in the acute phase of domiciliary detoxification helps in a successful detoxification and achieving a significant level of abstinence at the end of one month compared to the control group.
Development and Validation of an Android-based Trail Making Test Application (TMT App) for Cognitive Evaluation in Healthy and Depressed Individuals
Authors: Verma Rohit , Dhyani Ishita 
Published: May 2024

Background: The Trail Making Test (TMT) is a famous neuropsychological test that is frequently used. The structure of a paper-and-pencil-based TMT is highly likely to be adapted to a mobile app. Objective: The current study aimed to develop and validate an Android-based tablet version of TMT. Methods: The application (TMT App) was developed using an Android-based platform. Healthy and depressed individuals ( n = 133) were assessed on both the TMT versions (paper-based version and app-based version) in a random cross-over design. The device’s usability was ascertained using the system usability scale (SUS) in a subset of individuals ( n = 65). Results: There was a significant positive correlation between the individual processing times for the paper-based TMT-A and the app-based TMT-A in both healthy and depression groups [r(63) = 0.55, p < .001; and r(66) = 0.77, p < .001, respectively]. The individual processing times of the paper-based TMT-B and the app-based TMT-B also showed a significant positive correlation in both healthy control and depression groups [r(63) = 0.67, p < .001; and r(66) = 0.89, p < .001, respectively]. There was a positive correlation of age with TMT-A and TMT-B for either version. Both groups had similar positive responses to the usability of the TMT App. Conclusion: The preliminary validation results for the TMT App suggest that it is significantly correlated with existing paper-and-pencil methods, and that it is user friendly.
Hybrid feature selection in a machine learning predictive model for perioperative myocardial injury in noncoronary cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass
Authors: Li Qian , Lv Hong , Chen Yuye , Shen Jingjia , shi Jia , Zhou Chenghui 
Published: May 2024

Background Perioperative myocardial injury (PMI) is associated with increased mobility and mortality after noncoronary cardiac surgery. However, limited studies have developed a predictive model for PMI. Therefore, we used hybrid feature selection (FS) methods to establish a predictive model for PMI in noncoronary cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). Methods This was a single-center retrospective study conducted at the Fuwai Hospital in China. Patients aged 18-70 years who underwent elective noncoronary surgery with CPB at our institution from December 2018 to April 2021 were enrolled. The primary outcome was PMI, defined as the postoperative cardiac troponin I (cTnI) levels exceeding 220 times of upper reference limit (URL). Statistical analyses were conducted by Python (Python Software Foundation, version 3.9.7 and integrated development environment Jupyter Notebook 1.1.0) and SPSS software version 26.0 (IBM Corp., Armonk, New York, USA). Results A total of 1130 patients were eventually eligible for this study. The incidence of PMI was 20.3% (229/1130) in the overall patients, 20.6% (163/791) in the training dataset, and 19.5% (66/339) in the testing dataset. The logistic regression model performed the best AUC of 0.6893 (95 CI%: 0.6371-0.7382) by the traditional selection method, and the random forest model performed the best AUC of 0.6937 (95 CI%: 0.6416-0.7423) by the union of Wrapper and Embedded method, and the CatBoost model performed the best AUC of 0.6828 (95 CI%: 0.6304-0.7320) by the union of Embedded and forward logistic regression technique, and the Naïve Bayes model achieved the best AUC with 0.7254 (95 CI%: 0.6746-0.7723) by forwarding logistic regression method. Moreover, the decision tree, KNeighborsClassifier, and support vector machine models performed the worse AUC in all selection forms. Furthermore, the SHapley Additive exPlanations plot showed that prolonged CPB, aortic clamp time, and preoperative low platelets count were strongly related to the PMI risk. Conclusions In total, four category feature selection methods were utilized, comprising five individual selection techniques and 15 combined methods. Notably, the combination of logistic regression and embedded methods demonstrated outstanding performance in predicting PMI risk. We also concluded that the machine learning model, including random forest, catboost, and Naive Bayes, were suitable candidates for establishing PMI predictive model. Nevertheless, additional investigation and validation are imperative for substantiating these finding.
Integration of primary care and palliative care services to improve equality and equity at the end-of-life: Findings from realist stakeholder workshops
Authors: Mitchell Sarah , Turner Nicola , Fryer Kate , Aunger Justin , Beng Jude , Couchman Emilie , Leach Isabel , Bayly Joanne , Gardiner Clare , Sleeman Katherine E , Evans Catherine J 
Published: May 2024

Background: Inequalities in access to palliative and end of life care are longstanding. Integration of primary and palliative care has the potential to improve equity in the community. Evidence to inform integration is scarce as research that considers integration of primary care and palliative care services is rare. Aim: To address the questions: ‘how can inequalities in access to community palliative and end of life care be improved through the integration of primary and palliative care, and what are the benefits?’ Design: A theory-driven realist inquiry with two stakeholder workshops to explore how, when and why inequalities can be improved through integration. Realist analysis leading to explanatory context(c)-mechanism(m)-outcome(o) configurations(c) (CMOCs). Findings: A total of 27 participants attended online workshops (July and September 2022): patient and public members ( n = 6), commissioners ( n = 2), primary care ( n = 5) and specialist palliative care professionals ( n = 14). Most were White British ( n = 22), other ethnicities were Asian ( n = 3), Black African ( n = 1) and British mixed race ( n = 1). Power imbalances and racism hinder people from ethnic minority backgrounds accessing current services. Shared commitment to addressing these across palliative care and primary care is required in integrated partnerships. Partnership functioning depends on trusted relationships and effective communication, enabled by co-location and record sharing. Positive patient experiences provide affirmation for the multi-disciplinary team, grow confidence and drive improvements. Conclusions: Integration to address inequalities needs recognition of current barriers. Integration grounded in trust, faith and confidence can lead to a cycle of positive patient, carer and professional experience. Prioritising inequalities as whole system concern is required for future service delivery and research.
Tris(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate-induced cytotoxicity and its associated mechanisms in human A549 cells
Authors: Feng Yixing , Li Ming , Yin Jie , Shi Jiachen , Jiang Qian , Zhang Jing 
Published: May 2024

Tris(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate (TDCIPP) is a widely used organophosphorus flame retardant and has been detected in various environmental matrices including indoor dust. Inhalation of indoor dust is one of the most important pathways for human exposure to TDCIPP. However, its adverse effects on human lung cells and potential impacts on respiratory toxicity are largely unknown. In the current study, human non-small cell carcinoma (A549) cells were selected as a cell model, and the effects of TDCIPP on cell viability, cell cycle, cell apoptosis, and underlying molecular mechanisms were investigated. Our data indicated a concentration-dependent decrease in the cell viability of A549 cells after exposure to TDCIPP for 48 h, with half lethal concentration (LC50) being 82.6 µM. In addition, TDCIPP caused cell cycle arrest mainly in the G0/G1 phase by down-regulating the mRNA expression of cyclin D1, CDK4, and CDK6, while up-regulating the mRNA expression of p21 and p27. In addition, cell apoptosis was induced via altering the expression levels of Bcl-2, BAX, and BAK. Our study implies that TDCIPP may pose potential health risks to the human respiratory system and its toxicity should not be neglected.
3D impression to facilitate in situ surgical renal segmental artery aneurysm repair: A novel open approach option for an unusual vascular condition
Authors: Cubas W Samir , Albán-Sánchez Franco , Calle-Blácido Cesar , Salazar-Cuizano Milagros , Mayta-Rodríguez Johnny , Pachas-Canales Carlos , Cuentas-Jara Mariano , Sánchez-Huamán Alexis , Pedroza-Silvera Jessica 
Published: May 2024

Objectives Renal Artery Aneurysms (RAA) affect approximately 0.01%–0.97% of the population. Early diagnosis, thorough 3D-preoperative planning, and timely surgical treatment may offer effective and safe management. Methods We report the open reparation of a segmental renal artery saccular aneurysm close to the bifurcation with detailed preoperative planning based on 3D printing, and with successful postoperative results. Results We report the case of a 36-year-old man with a 3.5 × 5 cm segmental renal artery saccular aneurysm close to the bifurcation, for which endovascular management was ruled out and open management was chosen with detailed preoperative planning based on 3D printing and with successful postoperative results. Conclusions When an open approach is chosen in the RAA treatment, a detailed study of the anatomical configuration of the RAAs is mandatory, and life-size 3D printing is a valuable tool that could contribute to the operative technique, reduce surgical times associated with renal ischemia and provide minute details that would make a clear anatomical difference during in situ repair.
Challenging the angiosome concept: Delineating peripheral arterial disease patterns in diabetic foot ulcers
Authors: Sahebalzamani Elham , Tayebi Pouya , Haddad Zavareh Mahmoud Sadeghi , Bijani Ali , Hedayati Goudarzi Mohammad Taghi 
Published: May 2024

Objectives The angiosome concept has significantly impacted diabetic foot ulcer management by highlighting the vascular anatomy’s role in wound healing. However, its clinical applicability and validity remain debated due to complexities in foot blood supply and ulcer location determination. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted on 84 individuals with diabetic foot ulcers undergoing lower limb angiography. Demographics, ulcer characteristics, and angiographic data were collected and analyzed using descriptive statistics and relevant tests. Results Digital subtraction angiography assessed 89 limbs with diabetic foot ulcers; males comprised 54.8%, primarily type 2 diabetes (96.4%), averaging 64.36 ± 10.09 years. Of 129 angiosomes, angiosome 2 (40.3%) had the highest ulcer incidence. Posterior tibial artery (PTA) involvement was predominant (72.9%), while external iliac artery (EIA) and profunda femoris artery (PFA) were least affected (2.4% each). Posterior tibial artery showed 46.5% complete occlusion. Angiosome 2 correlated notably with anterior tibial artery (ATA), peroneal artery (CPA), and PTA, but categorizing angiosomes by supply patterns showed no significant artery correlation ( p > .05). Conclusions The research indicates inconsistent support for below-the-knee artery involvement correlating with foot ulcer locations in angiosomes. While aiding vascular comprehension, the angiosome concept may not fully elucidate lower limb vascular complexities and ulcer genesis. Factors like collateral circulation should be noticed to understanding ulcer localization and severity, extending beyond angiosomal arterial supply.
Assessment of efficacy and safety of MET tyrosine kinase inhibitors in non-small-cell lung cancer patients with MET alterations
Authors: Wang Yanhua , Xu Manyi , Wang Ke , Hao Yue , Xu Chunwei , Song Zhengbo 
Published: May 2024

Background: While targeted therapy has become the standard treatment for certain non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with gene mutation positivity, there remains a lack of enough reports of the efficacy of mesenchymal–epithelial transition (MET) alterations in the real world. Objectives: We aimed to explore the efficacy and toxicity of targeted therapy in NSCLC patients with different types of MET alterations and hope to provide more clinical medication guidance. Design: Designed different subgroups to compare the efficacy and safety of targeted therapy in NSCLC patients with MET alterations. Methods: We conducted analyses on the efficacy and safety of mesenchymal–epithelial transition factor-tyrosine kinase inhibitor (MET-TKI) therapy in NSCLC patients with MET alterations. Tumor response was evaluated based on the Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors version 1.1 criteria, and both progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival were determined using the Kaplan–Meier method. Results: Our study encompassed 116 NSCLC patients with MET alterations, including MET ex14 skipping mutation ( n = 50), MET primary amplification (amp) ( n = 25), and secondary amp ( n = 41). Among treated patients, 34 achieved a partial response, while 52 exhibited stable disease. The overall response rate for the entire cohort was 29.31%, with a disease control rate of 74.14%. A significant difference was observed in the median PFS among patients with MET ex14 skipping mutation, MET primary amplification (amp), and secondary amp (10.4 versus 6.6 versus 4.5 months, p = 0.002). In all, 69 patients experienced drug-related adverse effects, with the most common being peripheral edema (35.34%), nausea and vomiting (21.55%), and fatigue (10.34%). In total, 29 patients (25%) encountered drug-related adverse reactions of grade 3 or higher. Conclusion: MET-TKI therapy works better for MET ex14 skipping mutation than other types of MET gene alteration. In the two MET amplified groups, the secondary amp was less effective. This study may provide more research support for the treatment of these patients.
Posterolateral Fusion Versus Posterior Lumbar Interbody Fusion for Adult Low-Grade Isthmic Spondylolisthesis: Analysis of Sagittal Radiographic Parameters - A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Ibrahim Mahmoud Fouad , Saeed Fady Samy , El-Morshidy Essam Mohammed , Hassan Khaled Mohammed , Hassan Mohamed Gamal , El-Sharkawi Mohammad , Elnady Belal 
Published: May 2024

Study Design Randomized controlled trial. Objectives To compare the effect of posterolateral fusion (PLF) and posterior lumbar interbody fusion (PLIF) on sagittal radiographic parameters in patients with low-grade isthmic spondylolisthesis. Additionally, to explore the correlation between changes in these parameters and clinical outcomes. Methods Forty-six consecutive patients with single-level low-grade isthmic spondylolisthesis were initially enrolled. They were randomly assigned to undergo either PLF or PLIF. Patients were followed up for at least 24 months. Radiographic outcomes included pelvic incidence, pelvic tilt, sacral slope, lumbar lordosis, sagittal vertical axis, T1 pelvic angle, slip angle, slip degree and disc height. Clinical outcomes were assessed by the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) and visual analogue scale (VAS). Results Four participants were lost to follow-up. Of the remaining 42 patients, 29 were female. The mean age was 40.23 ± 10.25 years in the PLF group and 35.81 ± 10.58 years in the PLIF group. There was a statistically significant greater correction of all radiographic parameters in the PLIF group. The ODI and VAS improved significantly in both groups, with no significant differences between the two groups. Changes in the ODI and VAS were significantly correlated with changes in disc height, slip angle and lumbar lordosis. Conclusions In patients with low-grade isthmic spondylolisthesis, PLIF demonstrates superior efficacy compared to PLF in correcting sagittal radiographic parameters. Nevertheless, this distinction does not seem to influence short-term clinical results. Restoring disc height, correcting the slip angle, and reestablishing normal lumbar lordosis are crucial steps in the surgical management of isthmic spondylolisthesis.
Influence of Obstructive Sleep Apnea on the Risk of Dental Caries: Insights from a 13-Year Population-Based Retrospective Study
Authors: Lee H.L. , Chung C.H. , Hsu Y.T. , Chung K.H. , Chien W.C. , Chiu H.C. 
Published: May 2024

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a cyclic condition characterized by a complete or partial obstruction of the upper airway during sleep, often leading to a dry mouth. The main characteristic of dry mouth is that saliva secretion decreases, and saliva can inhibit the growth of microorganisms in the oral cavity. Therefore, in patients with OSA, the self-cleaning ability of the oral cavity is usually decreased, resulting in dental problems such as caries or periodontitis. According to previous studies, OSA is highly related to oral diseases such as periodontitis; however, studies on the association between OSA and dental caries are limited. This study aimed to evaluate the association between OSA and dental caries in a large-scale population-based cohort in Taiwan. A total of 6,060 enrolled patients, including 1,515 patients with OSA and 4,545 age- and sex-matched controls from the Longitudinal Health Insurance Dataset of 2000 to 2013, were selected from a sub data set of the National Health Insurance Research Database. The Fine and Gray competing risk model analysis was used to explore the hazard ratio and 95% confidence interval for the association of OSA with the risk of developing dental caries during the 13-y follow-up period. Overall, patients with OSA had no significant discrepant cumulative risk of developing dental caries in subsequent y ( P from log-rank test = 0.669). However, after the data were analyzed after stratification based on factors such as gender, age, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, obesity, and coronary heart disease, OSA patients aged 45 to 64 y (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] = 1.201, P = 0.004) and ≥65 y (aHR = 1.206, P = 0.041) had a significantly higher risk of dental caries than patients without OSA did. Our findings demonstrated that once OSA patients are ≥45 y old, they have significantly developed dental caries compared with patients without OSA. Knowledge Transfer Statement: Obstructive sleep apnea has been proven to have a great negative impact on patients, and the relationship between sleep apnea and dental caries is still inconclusive. Our study shows that patients with sleep apnea and those older than 45 y have a significant risk of dental caries.
Life cycle assessment of electric kick scooters: consolidating environmental impact quantification and concluding climate-friendly use options
Authors: Baumgartner Corinna , Helmers Eckard 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
The environmental impact of electric scooters has been the subject of critical debate in the scientific community for the past 5 years. The data published so far are very inhomogeneous and partly methodologically incomplete. Most of the data available in the literature suffer from an average bias of 34%, because end-of-life (EOL) impacts have not been modelled, reported or specified. In addition, the average lifetime mileage of shared fleets of e-scooters, as they are operated in cities around the world, has recently turned out to be much lower than expected. This casts the scooters in an unfavourable light for the necessary mobility transition. Data on impact categories other than the global warming potential (GWP) are scarce. This paper aims to quantify the strengths and weaknesses of e-scooters in terms of their contribution to sustainable transport by more specifically defining and extending the life cycle assessment (LCA) modelling conditions: the modelling is based on two genuine material inventories obtained by dismantling two different e-scooters, one based on a traditional aluminium frame and another, for the first time, based on plastic material.

Results
This study provides complete inventory data to facilitate further LCA modelling of electric kick scooters. The plastic scooter had a 26% lower lifetime GWP than the aluminium vehicle. A favourable choice of electric motor promises a further reduction in GWP. In addition to GWP, the scooter's life cycles were assessed across seven other impact categories and showed no critical environmental or health impacts compared to a passenger car. On the other hand, only the resource extraction impact revealed clear advantages for electric scooters compared to passenger cars.

Conclusions
Under certain conditions, scooters can still be an important element of the desired mobility transition. To assure a lifetime long enough is the crucial factor to make the electric scooter a favourable or even competitive vehicle in a future sustainable mobility system. A scooter mileage of more than 5400 km is required to achieve lower CO2eq/pkm emissions compared to passenger cars, which seems unlikely in today's standard use case of shared scooter fleets. In contrast, a widespread use of e-scooters as a commuting tool is modelled to be able to save 4% of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions across the German mobility sector.