bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigating the spray drying damage mechanism of baijiu yeast with combined drying process and equipment
Authors: Xiong Fengkui , Li Jingyu , Yuan Yuejin , Xu Yingying , Hu Guangzhong 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Traditional drying processes used to dry high-quality baijiu yeast-Sporidiobolus johnsonii A do not offer advantages such as high efficiency, high survival rate, and low energy consumption. Therefore, we investigated the damage inactivation mechanism of S. johnsonii A for the spray drying process. Subsequently, the combined drying process and equipment for spray + vacuum-microwave-vibration were designed. The results reveal selective permeability damage and collapse owing to gel and anti-hexagonal phase transitions of the cell membrane, resulting in S. johnsonii A inactivation and massive inactivation at 52 °C with a water content of 0.21 and at 71 °C with a water content of 0.07, respectively. The combined drying process developed in this study successfully dried S. johnsonii A with high efficiency (1.1 h) and excellent quality (85.4 ± 2 %).
Associations of clinical personnel characteristics and telemedicine practices
Authors: Phillips Gunnar , Millhollon Robert , Elenwo Covenant , Ford Alicia Ito , Bray Natasha , Hartwell Micah 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Context
The use of telemedicine strategies has been increasing in the United States for more than a decade, with physicians taking advantage of this new tool to reach more patients. Determining the specific demographics of physicians utilizing telemedicine most in their practice can inform recommendations for expanded telemedicine use among all physicians and aid in mitigating the need for local physicians in urban and rural populations.

Objectives
This study aims to assess the use of telemedicine by physicians in 2021, based on four demographics utilizing the National Electronic Health Record Survey (NEHRS): physician age, sex, specialty, and training.

Methods
We performed a cross-sectional study of the 2021 NEHRS to determine the relationship between physician characteristics and telemedicine practices. Differences between groups were measured through design-based chi-square tests.

Results
Compared to male physicians, female physicians were more likely to utilize telemedicine services (X
2=8.0; p=0.005). Compared to younger physicians, those over the age of 50 were less likely to utilize telemedicine services (X
2=4.1; p=0.04). Compared to primary care physicians, medical and surgical specialty physicians were less likely to utilize telemedicine services, with surgical specialty physicians being the least likely overall (X
2=11.5; p<0.001). We found no significant differences in telemedicine use based on degree (Osteopathic and Allopathic).

Conclusions
Our results showed a statistically significant difference between physician’s age, sex, and specialty on telemedicine use in practice during 2021. Efforts to increase telemedicine use among physicians may be needed to provide more accessible care to patients. Thus, by increasing physician education on the importance of telemedicine for modern patients, more physicians may decide to utilize telemedicine services in practice.
Identification of a high threshold value of serum ferritin in the diagnosis of hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis in hospitalized children in China
Authors: Huang Yanlong , Luo Xin , Li Biting , Zeng Liwei , Ye Ruoting , Liu Chengyi , Ji Cunwei , Chen Zhenhui , Luo Mingyong 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Objectives
To explore and identify an optimal serum ferritin (SF) threshold level in diagnosing hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) in Chinese children.

Methods
We conducted a retrospective study of 74 children with HLH admitted to Guangdong Women and Children Hospital between January 2015 and May 2021. Children in-hospital not diagnosed with HLH between January 2021 and May 2021 with a measurement of SF were enrolled as the non-HLH group. Patient charts were reviewed for SF levels upon admission and during hospitalization. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was utilized to determine the optimal cutoff value of SF for diagnosing childhood HLH.

Results
This study included a total of 74 children with HLH and 302 children with non-HLH diseases. The difference in SF values between the HLH and non-HLH groups was statistically significant (8,975 μg/L vs. 165.5 μg/L, p<0.001). An optimal SF cutoff value of 1,830 μg/L provided a sensitivity of 88 % and specificity of 79 % in confirming childhood HLH. The area under the curve (AUC) is 0.91 (95 % confidence interval 0.88–0.94, p<0.0001).

Conclusions
A serum ferritin level elevated above 1,830 μg/L might improve the specificity for HLH diagnosis in Chinese children.
Racial segregation and language variation in Louisiana Creole: Social meaning in language loss
Authors: Mayeux Oliver 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This paper investigates how and whether speakers of endangered languages employ variation as a stylistic resource to make social meaning and index their identities. The study is set in historically Creole-speaking communities in rural Louisiana, which have now shifted almost completely to English. The Americanization of Louisiana induced language shift, but also a shift to the Anglo-American racial binary which supplanted local constructs of ethnicity and race. The study crafts a historical-sociolinguistic account of this process of Americanization, examining how linguistic differentiation was enacted through the enregisterment of iconic ‘Creole’/‘French’ variants as indexical links to the ‘Black’/‘White’ racial binary. Today, to a very limited extent, some speakers of Louisiana Creole still consider some variants socially meaningful and employ them to stylistic ends. This depends especially on racial identity and the variant in question. Subject pronouns retain some indexical value, occasionally employed stylistically by speakers racialized as White. However, front vowel rounding has fossilized: highly meaningful in the early-20th century, its social meaning has been lost resulting in synchronic personal-pattern variation. The paper ends by trying to reconcile classic studies of Language Death with contemporary variationist critique, answering recent calls for more nuanced approaches to sociolinguistic variation in threatened languages.
The VirTra V-100 Is a Test-Retest Reliable Shooting Simulator for Measuring Accuracy/Precision, Decision-Making, and Reaction Time in Civilians, Police/SWAT, and Military Personnel
Authors: Buga Alex , Decker Drew D. , Robinson Bradley T. , Crabtree Christopher D. , Stoner Justen T. , Arce Lucas F. , El-Shazly Xavier , Kackley Madison L. , Sapper Teryn N. , Anders John Paul V. , Kraemer William J. , Volek Jeff S. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Buga, A, Decker, DD, Robinson, BT, Crabtree, CD, Stoner, JT, Arce, LF, El-Shazly, X, Kackley, ML, Sapper, TN, Anders, JPV, Kraemer, WJ, and Volek, JS. The VirTra V-100 is a test-retest reliable shooting simulator for measuring accuracy/precision, decision-making, and reaction time in civilians, police/SWAT, and military personnel. J Strength Cond Res 38(10): 1714–1723, 2024—Law-enforcement agencies and the military have increasingly used virtual reality (VR) to augment job readiness. However, whether VR technology captures consistent data for shooting performance evaluation has never been explored. We enrolled 30 adults (24 M/6 F) to examine test-retest reliability of the VirTra shooting simulator. Approximately 30% of the sample had a tactical background (PD/SWAT and military). Trained research staff familiarized subjects with how to shoot the infrared-guided M4 rifle at digitally projected targets. Subjects then performed 3 identical experimental shooting sessions (consecutive or separated by 1–2 days) that assessed accuracy/precision, decision-making, and reaction time. Key metrics comprised projectile Cartesian position (x, y), score, time, and throughput (score or accuracy divided by time). Test-retest reliability was measured with intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC). After each visit, subjects completed a perceptual survey to self-evaluate their shooting performance and perceived VR realism. The simulator captured 21 ballistic variables with good to excellent test-retest agreement, producing a global ICC of 0.78. Notable metrics were the individual projectile distances to the center of the target (0.81), shot group radius (0.91), time-to-first decision (0.97), decision-making throughput (0.95), and target transition reaction time (0.91). Subjects had positive self-evaluations about their shooting performance, with “confidence” increasing from baseline to the end of the study (p = 0.014). The VirTra V-100 virtual ballistic shooting simulator captures data with a high degree of test-retest reliability and is easy to familiarize regardless of starting expertise levels, making it appropriate for use as a method to objectively track progress or a tactical research testing tool.
Role of early increase in vascular endothelial growth factor-A levels after coronary stenting in the development of drug-eluting in-stent restenosis
Authors: Tishko V. V. , Senkina E. I. , Meshkova M. E. , Shishkevich A. N. , Menkova I. A. , Bednova S. E. , Tyrenko V. V. 
Published: June 2024

The introduction of drug-eluting stents (DES) into clinical practice has led to a significant reduction in the incidence of in-stent restenosis (ISR) compared to implantation of bare metal stents. However, in 2-4% of cases, the development of angiographic restenosis is observed. Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor-A (VEGF-A) promotes early endothelialization of the stented segment, but in some cases can promote progressive neointimal growth due to proinflammatory effects.Aim. To evaluate the influence of plasma VEGF-A level on ISR after DES implantation.Material and methods. We prospectively examined 49 patients who were implanted with DES due to stable coronary artery disease with ischemia-related arterial stenosis >70% according to a stress test, as well as with a fractional flow reserve <0,8. Plasma VEGF-A level was assessed immediately before the procedure and 24 hours after it. The follow-up period was 11±4 months from the moment of intervention. Subsequently, all study participants underwent repeated coronary angiography to determine whether they had angiographic ISR and to identify patients at risk of recurrent angina pectoris. In 9 patients (18% of participants), angiographic ISR was recorded in the long-term period.Results. The groups of patients with and without long-term restenosis were comparable in terms of initial VEGF-A levels: 481 (259; 674) and 560 (339; 766) pg/ml, respectively (p>0,05). Within 24 hours after stent implantation, a significant increase in VEGF-A level was found in patients who subsequently demonstrated angiographic ISR as follows: from 476 (267; 602) to 1117 (1089; 1573) pg/ml (p<0,05). A positive moderate correlation was established between the plasma VEGF-A content 24 hours after stent implantation and angiographic ISR in the long-term period (r=0,55; p<0,001).Conclusion. Initial plasma VEGF-A levels are not associated with angiographic ISR. Moreover, a sharp increase in VEGF-A level f within 24 hours after coronary stenting is associated with drug-eluting ISR.
Prediabetes: prevalence, associations with cardiovascular risk factors and contribution to survival in the Russian population
Authors: Balanova Yu. A. , Shalnova S. A. , Imaeva A. E. , Kutsenko V. A. , Kapustina A. V. , Evstifeeva S. E. , Muromtseva G. A. , Ievlev R. V. , Shepel R. N. , Drapkina O. M. 
Published: June 2024

Aim. To assess the prevalence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and prediabetes in the Russian population aged 25-64 years, as well as the association of prediabetes with risk factors (RFs) of noncommunicable disease. To study the contribution of carbohydrate metabolism disorders to mortality and the occurrence of cardiovascular events.Material and methods. We included data from cross-sectional studies ESSE-RF and ESSE-RF2. The final sample included 26418 people (10268 men and 16150 women) who signed informed consent. A modular questionnaire was used. Biochemical parameters were determined in the National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine with an Abbott Architect c8000 autoanalyzer using diagnostic kits from Abbott Diagnostics (USA). Impaired fasting glycemia (IFG) was defined as a fasting plasma glucose concentration of 6,1-6,99 mmol/L. The presence of T2D was determined by interview and/or fasting plasma glucose ≥7,0 mmol/L. Obesity was defined as a body mass index of ≥30,0 kg/m2. Abdominal obesity was defined as a waist circumference of ≥102 cm in men and ≥88 cm in women. A prospective observation cohort was formed from 14 regions of ESSE-RF and ESSE-RF2 (n=22812). The vital status of each examined person was clarified once every 2 years. Information on fatal and non-fatal events was collected. Statistical processing was performed using the open-source statistical programming language and R environment (version 4.1). Associations were assessed using logistic regression. Kaplan-Meier curves were used to estimate survival. Associations with endpoints were assessed using Cox proportional hazards models.Results. In the Russian population aged 25-64 years, the prevalence of T2D and prediabetes, assessed by IFG, was 6,9% (men — 7,1%, women — 6,7%) and 6,2% (men — 7,7, women — 5,0% (p<0,001)), respectively. Age, low level of education, obesity, including abdominal obesity, hypertension, tachycardia, hyperuricemia and lipid metabolism disorders were significantly associated with prediabetes, and for men, additionally, stress. Prediabetes and T2D demonstrated a significant decrease of survival, including cardiovascular survival, and the occurrence of a composite endpoint. However, multivariate analysis adjusted for sex, age, and region of residence indicates a significant contribution of T2D, but not IFG.Conclusion. To reduce the T2D burden in the Russian Federation, patients with T2D should be identified early and RFs should be controled. Early detection of prediabetes plays a significant role in the prevention of T2D. In addition, T2D and prediabetes have common risk factors, and therefore common ways of prevention.
Analysis of questionnaires from the perspective of hospitalization risk prediction. Systematic review
Authors: Shepel R. N. , Demko V. V. , Goncharov M. V. , Lukyanov M. M. , Martsevich S. Yu. , Berns S. A. , Drapkina O. M. 
Published: June 2024

One of the key tasks facing the medical community and health professionals is the identification of patients at high risk of hospitalization, including emergency one. Currently, various approaches are used to obtain information about certain predictors in a patient that are as­sociated with an increased hospitalization risk, but there is no consensus on which of them are most effective.Aim. To summarize data from studies that has analyzed the prognostic value of various predictors used in questionnaires or patient surveys associated with an increased hospitalization risk.Material and methods. We search for full-text articles in 8 Russian and foreign electronic databases (Scopus, PubMed, BMC Health Services Research, BMJ Research, Google Scholar, e-library, Oxford Academic, Wiley Online Library), published in the period from January 1, 1993 to January 1, 2023 and containing information about questionnaires on hospitalization risk prediction. The study was carried out in 4 following stages: 1 — search for articles using keywords in electronic databases; 2 — duplicate elimination; 3 — search for full-text versions of articles and their assessment for compliance with inclusion/ exclusion criteria; 4 — data analysis, systematization of hospitalization predictors used in questionnaires.Results. In total, out of 28133 initial publications, 13 full-text papers describing studies that fully met the inclusion/exclusion criteria were admitted to stage 4 and were included in the final analysis. These studies were devoted to the description of 11 questionnaires, their modification or testing. The majority of the articles found (53,8%) were conducted in the United States. When analyzing questionnaires to assess the hospitalization risk, among 61 identified predictors, the following were most often used In questionnaires: "age ≥75 years"; "≥1 hospitalization within one to two years preceding filling out the questionnaire"; "taking ≥5 prescription medications"; "male sex"; "history of diabetes", and "satisfactory/unsatisfactory self-perceived health status". A more detailed analysis of questionnaires to assess the risk of one-year hospitalization among people ≥65 years old found that the following predictors were most often used: "age ≥75 years", "≥1 hospitalization in the period from one to two years before filling out the questionnaire", and "taking ≥3 prescription medications".Conclusion. Evidence is summarized on predictors used in questionnaires on hospitalization risk assessment. Additional research is needed to validate established predictors in the Russian population, their cause-and-effect relationship, and to search for novel predictors influencing the hospitalization risk among the working age and post-working age population.
impact of project-based learning approach in social studies on the academic achievements of 6th grade students in Trashigang middle secondary school
Authors: Wangchuk Kesang , Tshering Kinga 
Published: June 2024

The study explored the effectiveness of project-based learning and students’ perception of it. The study employed an explanatory sequential mixed-method research approach with a pre-test and post-test experiment on a single group. The participant consists of 37 students in 6th grade at Trashigang middle secondary School. The study consisted of an achievement test as the quantitative data that was analysed using histograms and paired-sample t-test. The qualitative data were collected using semi-structured interview from 10 students. To generate themes for the qualitative data, Braun and Clarke's thematic analysis was used in the study. The quantitative result of the study revealed that there were significant improvements in students’ scores on achievement tests after intervention using project-based learning approach. The qualitative results indicated that students’ perceptions and views on project-based learning were positive since the majority of the students were engaged on the group level. Project-based learning also fosters collaborative skills such as communication skills and teamwork.
Assessing the impact of gender and age differences on overall survival of patients with colorectal cancer
Authors: Gataullin B. I. , Gataullin I. G. , Biktemirova R. G. , Erpert Ya. A. , Didakunan N. F. 
Published: June 2024

Introduction. Recent studies have led to the conclusion that gender is an important factor influencing the prognosis of survival of patients with colorectal cancer.Aim. To analyze 5-year overall survival rates in patients with colorectal cancer of different sexes and in different age groups.Materials and methods. The study included 1593 patients, of whom 720 were men (45.2 %) and 873 women (54.8 %). Patients were divided into 3 age groups: under 50 years, 50–70 years and over 70. Overall survival rates were calculated, followed by comparison between groups of patients, taking into account gender and stage of the disease.Results. Analysis of treatment results taking into account a gender approach showed that the prognosis of the disease was most favorable in women. With approximately the same 5-year survival rate in men and women (54.9 and 52.7 %), this indicator correlated with the age of the patients and was significantly better than in men in the group of patients under 50 years of age.Conclusion. The identified gender and age characteristics in the development and course of colorectal cancer are relevant for oncologists when choosing diagnostic, treatment and rehabilitation strategies.
Review on Distributions Generated Using Trigonometric Functions
Authors: Tomy Lishamol , Dominic Lijimol 
Published: June 2024

In the present scenario, researchers are interested in developing new distributions based on trigonometric functions to model data. Previously, data modelling was commonly done with standard and existing distribution functions. Recent research has demonstrated that trigonometrically transformed functions can be used to model a variety of data types, including data from the medical, psychiatric, industrial, and economic sectors as well as studies on life time data, observations on seasonal patterns, and data from other fields. This review article discusses some trigonometric distributions and their applications across a range of fields. Using an actual dataset, a comparison analysis of a few selected models is conducted. Maximum likelihood estimates of the model parameters and various information criteria measures are obtained, and goodness of fit tests are performed for comparison.
METHODOLOGY FOR ANALYSIS AND ASSESSMENT OF PROJECT RISKS
Authors: Ворошилина Н.Н. 
Published: June 2024

Актуальность данного исследования объясняется повышенной степенью проектных рисков в большинстве отраслей российской экономики, и в частности в строительной отрасли. При этом цифровые технологии и методические наработки в сфере управления проектными рисками дают значительный потенциал повышения эффективности реализации проектов. Целью исследования является характеристика современных подходов к анализу и оценке рисков проектов в сфере строительства. В процессе исследования раскрыто значение строительной отрасли в российской экономике, определено понятие проектных рисков, рассмотрены основные процедуры риск-менеджмента, основные виды проектных рисков в строительстве, приведена характеристика качественных и количественных методов оценки рисков строительных проектов. Научная новизна исследования заключается в подробном анализе понятия проектных рисков, обобщении подходов к оценке рисков проектов. Рассмотрена возможность адаптации описанных методов оценки рисков для проектного менеджмента в рамках строительной отрасли. В исследовании использованы документальный, табличный, графический и экономико-математический методы.
The relevance of the study is due to the increased degree of project risks in most sectors of the Russian economy and, in particular, in the construction industry. Th e digital technologies and methodological developments in the field of project risk management provide significant potential for improving the efficiency of project implementation. The purpose of the study is to characterize modern approaches to the analysis and risk assessment of projects in the construction industry. The article reveals the importance of the construction industry in the Russian economy, defines the concept of project risks, reviews the main risk management procedures, considers the main types of project risks in construction, and characterizes the qualitative and quantitative methods for assessing the risks of construction projects. The scientific novelty of the study lies in a detailed analysis of the concept of project risks, summarizing of approaches to risk assessment of construction projects. The article considers the possibility of adapting the described risk assessment methods for project management within the construction industry. The documentary method, tabular and graphical methods, economic and mathematical method were used as research methods.