bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Autologous small‐caliber “Biotube” vascular grafts with argatroban loading: A histomorphological examination after implantation to rabbits
Authors: Watanabe Taiji , Kanda Keiichi , Ishibashi‐Ueda Hatsue , Yaku Hitoshi , Nakayama Yasuhide 
Published: November 2009

AbstractFunctional autologous tubular tissues, termed “biotubes,” have been developed as small‐caliber vascular grafts. Biotubes can be easily and safely constructed in vivo by using a novel concept in regenerative medicine—in body tissue architecture technology, which requires neither clean specialized laboratories nor complex cell management. Biotubes with “anastomotic reinforcement cuffs” were prepared by embedding a silicone rod (diameter, 3 mm; length, 30 mm) as a mold in the dorsal subcutaneous pouches of rabbits. The rod was covered at both ends with 2 pieces of polyurethane sponge tubes (length, 3 mm), and it was removed when the grafts were harvested. These biotubes had homogeneous thin connective tissue walls (thickness: 76 ± 37 μm) that were primarily composed of collagen and fibroblasts. The resulting cuff‐impregnated biotubes were auto‐implanted in the carotid arteries for predetermined periods of up to 12 weeks and then morphologically examined. On implantation of the biotubes after argatroban loading, the total patency was 9/11 without any instance of aneurysm formation or rupture. At 12 weeks after implantation, no significant neointimal thickening was observed (170 ± 30 μm). In addition, minimal thrombus formation was observed on the luminal surfaces, which were completely covered with endothelial cells regularly oriented longitudinally. The regenerated vascular walls comprised multilayered smooth muscle cells and dense collagen fibers with regular circumferential orientation with few elastin fibers and were similar to native arteries. Biotubes with argatroban loading could thus be used as small‐caliber vascular prostheses that greatly facilitate healing process and exhibit excellent biocompatibility. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2010
Tau as a potential novel therapeutic target in ischemic stroke
Authors: Zheng Guo‐Qing , Wang Xiu‐Min , Wang Yan , Wang Xiao‐Tong 
Published: November 2009

AbstractStroke is associated with high mortality and major disability burdens worldwide, but there are few effective and widely available therapies. Tau plays an important role in promoting microtubule assembly and stabilizing microtubule networks with phosphorylation regulating these functions. Based on the “ischemia‐reperfusion theory” of Alzheimer's disease, some previous studies have focused on the relationship of tau and Alzheimer lesions in experimental brain ischemia. Thus, we hypothesize that the alterations in phosphorylation of tau are critical to microtubule dynamics and metabolism, and contribute to the pathophysiologic mechanisms during brain ischemia and/or reperfusion processes. We infer that regulation of phosphorylation of tau may be considered as a potential new therapeutic target in ischemic stroke. J. Cell. Biochem. 109: 26–29, 2010. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Bonding, aromaticity, and structure of trigonal dianion metal clusters
Authors: Giri Santanab , Roy Debesh Ranjan , Duley Soma , Chakraborty Arindam , Parthasarathi Ramakrishnan , Elango Munusamy , Vijayaraj Ramadoss , Subramanian Venkatesan , Islas Rafael , Merino Gabriel , Chattaraj Pratim Kumar 
Published: November 2009

AbstractVarious isomers of the trigonal dianion metal clusters, X, X = Be, Mg, Ca, and their mono‐ and disodium complexes are optimized at the B3LYP/6‐311+G(d) level. Different conceptual density functional theory based reactivity descriptors as well as the induced magnetic field values are calculated to understand the stability and aromaticity of these systems. Possibility of bond stretch isomerism is explored. Genetic algorithm results lend additional insights into the structures of these isomers. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Chem, 2010
Olefin production through pyrolysis of triacylglycerols
Authors: Šmidrkal Jan , Belohlav Zdenek , Zámostný Petr , Filip Vladimír 
Published: November 2009

AbstractTriacylglycerols (in Europe particularly rapeseed oil) are the favoured raw materials for production of methyl esters to be used as biodiesel. Another possibility is pyrolysis of triacyglycerols to low molecular weight alkenes and other hydrocarbons. During thermal decomposition under conditions matching those of gas‐oil steam cracking (short residence time, temperature over 800°C) we found the same compounds (mainly ethylene and propylene) as those from classic mineral oil fraction pyrolysis.
Phase Separation in Poly(9,9‐dioctylfluorene)/Poly(methyl methacrylate) Blends
Authors: Zhao Kui , Zhou Gang , Wang Qi , Han Yanchun , Wang Lixiang , Ma Dongge 
Published: November 2009

AbstractBinary blends of the conjugated polymer poly(9,9‐dioctylfluorene) (PFO) and the insulating polymer poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) phase‐separated and exhibited optical and electrical activity in light‐emitting‐diodes. The phase‐separated PFO columns were uniformly packed and situated directly on a transparent hole‐injecting contact. The length scales of lateral topographical features can be adjusted discretionarily by controlling the blend concentration and compositional ratio. The mechanism leading to the formation of lateral structures was investigated by comparing with the vertical segregation in polar conjugated polymer poly(9,9‐bis(6‐diethoxylphosphorylhexyl)fluorene) (PF‐EP) blends with PMMA, which suggested that kinetics rather than interfacial free energy acted. In such lateral phase‐separated structures, the phase‐separated PFO domains were the optically and electrically active phase. This highlighted the potential opportunity as nanoscale light source for organic optoelectronic device applications with well‐controllable properties.magnified image
A literature review of the sexual health of women with rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Areskoug‐Josefsson Kristina , Öberg Ulrika 
Published: November 2009

AbstractSexual health problems are common for women with Rheumatoid Arthritis, RA. Sexual health is covered in the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) by two different fields: sexual function and intimate relationships, which are included in the ICF core sets for RA. Most patients with RA are female, and there are differences concerning sexual health between women and men with RA.The aim of this study was to explore the literature concerning the effects of RA on the sexual health of female patients, and also recommend solutions to improve the sexual health of women with RA.Sexual health problems can occur before, during and after sexual activities, and can affect women's sexual health in different perspectives. The investigated areas concerning female RA‐patients and sexual are general sexual problems, sexual satisfaction, sexual desire, sexual performance, and sexual functioning. RA affects sexual health as a result of pain, reduced joint mobility, fatigue, depression and body image alterations. The investigated material provides few solutions to sexual health problems of female RA‐patients. The most commonly mentioned solution is increased information and communication between health professionals and patients. Some of the studies recommend physiotherapy. Further research is needed to understand which types of intervention can help women with RA to improve their sexual health. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Fusion genes and chromosome translocations in the common epithelial cancers
Authors: Edwards Paul AW 
Published: November 2009

AbstractIt has been known for 25 years that fusion genes play a central role in leukaemias and sarcomas but they have been neglected in the common carcinomas, largely because of technical limitations of cytogenetics. In the last few years it has emerged that gene fusions, caused by chromosome translocations, inversions, deletions, etc., are important in the common epithelial cancers, such as prostate and lung carcinoma. Most prostate cancers, for example, have an androgen‐regulated fusion of one of the ETS transcription factor gene family. Early results of genome‐wide searches for gene fusions in breast and other epithelial cancers suggest that most individual tumours will have several fused genes. Fusion genes are exceptionally powerful mutations. In their simplest form they can turn on expression by promoter insertion but they can also, for example, force dimerization of a protein or change its subcellular location. They are correspondingly important clinically, in classification and management and as targets for therapy. This review surveys what we know of fusion genes in the carcinomas, summarizes the technical advances that now make it possible to search systematically for such genes, and concludes by putting fusion genes into the current picture of mutation in cancers. Copyright © 2009 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Curing behavior and physical properties of epoxy nanocomposites comprising amine‐functionalized carbon nanofillers
Authors: Byun Jihyun , Kim Dae Su 
Published: November 2009

AbstractCarbon nanofillers like nanotubes and nanofibers have been used to reinforce various epoxy systems. The incorporation of carbon nanofillers into a thermosetting epoxy system enhanced the thermal and mechanical properties of the epoxy system. The best performance of an epoxy nanocomposite system with carbon nanofillers would be resulted from the homogeneous dispersion of the nanofillers and strong interfacial adhesion between the epoxy matrix and the nanofillers. Therefore, amine‐functionalization of carbon nanofibers (CNFs) and multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) was carried out via treating them with 4‐aminobenzoic acid in polyphosphoric acid. FTIR spectroscopy, XPS, TGA, and FE‐SEM analyses confirmed that the functionalization was successful. Curing behavior and thermo‐physical properties of the nanocomposites comprising the pristine or functionalized carbon nanofillers were investigated and compared with each other. Fractured surfaces of the nanocomposites were investigated by FE‐SEM. The functionalized MWNTs induced stronger interfacial adhesion than the functionalized CNFs and resulted in considerable improvement in the physical properties of the epoxy nanocomposites. POLYM. COMPOS., 31:1449–1456, 2010. © 2009 Society of Plastics Engineers
Poly(trimethylene terephthalate)/silica nanocomposites prepared by dual in situ polymerization: synthesis, morphology, crystallization behavior and mechanical properties
Authors: Yao Chenguang , Yang Guisheng 
Published: November 2009

AbstractThe sol–gel technique has provided promising opportunities for the preparation of polymer/inorganic hybrid materials at the molecular level, which ensures the inorganic particles are well dispersed in the organic matrix. In this work, poly(trimethylene terephthalate) (PTT)/silica nanocomposites were fabricated via the sol–gel technique and in situ polymerization. Fourier transform infrared and nuclear magnetic resonance analyses confirmed that some PTT molecular chains were grafted to the surface of silica. Unlike pure PTT, the grafted PTT was insoluble in a mixed solvent of chloroform and hexafluoro‐2‐propanol. Both transmission electron microscopy and scanning electron microscopy showed that the silica particles, with a size of 40–50 nm, were homogeneously dispersed in the PTT matrix with no preferential accumulation in any region. Differential scanning calorimetry revealed that the glass transition temperature and cold‐crystallization peak of the composites gradually increased with increasing silica loading. A simultaneous increase of stiffness and toughness was observed for the nanocomposites. Moreover, polarized optical microscopy showed that the nanocomposites exhibited interesting banded spherulites, which were different from banded spherulites of PTT previously reported. The nanocomposites with covalent bonding between silica and PTT gave a series of interesting results, such as elevated glass transition temperature, simultaneous increase of stiffness and toughness as well as surprising banded spherulites. Copyright © 2009 Society of Chemical Industry
Structural and electrical properties of rapidly annealed Ni/Mo Schottky barriers on n‐type GaN
Authors: Jyothi I. , Reddy V. Rajagopal , Reddy M. Siva Pratap , Choi Chel‐Jong , Bae Jong‐Seong 
Published: November 2009

AbstractThermal annealing effects on the electrical and structural properties of Ni/Mo Schottky contacts on n‐type GaN have been investigated by current–voltage (I–V), capacitance–voltage (C–V), Secondary ion mass spectrometer (SIMS), and X‐ray diffraction (XRD) techniques. The extracted Schottky barrier height (SBH) of the as‐deposited contacts was found to be 0.66 eV (I–V), 0.74 eV (C–V). However, both measurements indicate that the barrier height slightly increases when the contacts are annealed at 300 and 400 °C. Experimental results indicate that high quality Schottky contact with barrier height and ideality factor of 0.75 eV (I–V), 0.96 eV (C–V), and 1.13, respectively, can be achieved under 1 min annealing at 500 °C in nitrogen atmosphere. Further, it is observed that the barrier height slightly decreases upon annealing at 600 °C. The above observations establish that the Ni/Mo contact exhibited excellent electrical characteristics even after thermal annealing at 600 °C. Based on the SIMS and XRD analysis, the formation of gallide phases at the Ni/Mo/n‐GaN interface could be the reason for the improvement of SBH after annealing at 500 °C. The above results indicate that the Ni/Mo contact can be promising for metallization scheme for high‐temperature device applications.
Charge transport and recombination in bulk heterojunction solar cells containing a dicyanoimidazole‐based molecular acceptor
Authors: Schubert Marcel , Steyrleuthner Robert , Bange Sebastian , Sellinger Alan , Neher Dieter 
Published: November 2009

AbstractCarrier transport and recombination have been studied in single component layers and blends of the soluble PPV‐derivative poly[2,5‐dimethoxy‐1,4‐phenylenevinylene‐2‐methoxy‐5‐(2‐ethyl‐hexyloxy)‐1,4‐phenylenevinylene] (M3EH‐PPV) and the small molecule acceptor 4,7‐bis(2‐(1‐hexyl‐4,5‐dicyanoimidazole‐2‐yl)vinyl) benzo[c][1,2,5]‐thiadiazole (HV‐BT). Measurements on single carrier devices show significantly smaller electron mobility in the blend compared to the pure HV‐BT layer, which is suggestive of the formation of isolated clusters of the acceptor in a continuous polymer matrix. The significant change in fill factor (FF) with increasing illumination intensity is consistently explained by a model taking into account bimolecular recombination and space charge effects. The decay of the carrier density after photoexcitation has been studied by performing photo‐CELIV measurements on pure and blend layers. It is found that the decay at long delay times follows a power‐law dependence, which is, however, not consistent with a Langevin‐type bimolecular recombination of free charges. A good description of the data is obtained by assuming trimolecular recombination to govern the charge carrier dynamics in these systems.
Single‐walled carbon nanotube networks growth optimization
Authors: Ansaldo Alberto , Jaybhaye Sandesh , Chiarolini Marco , Di Zitti Ermanno , Ricci Davide 
Published: November 2009

AbstractIn recent years there have been many improvements in quality and yield of single‐walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) obtained by chemical vapour deposition (CVD). Mainstream in research is focused on growing thick vertically aligned forests of SWCNTs. At the same time SWCNT films – usually obtained by spraying and filtration – are one of the most promising candidates to replace indium tin oxide (ITO) as transparent electrodes in solar cells and flat displays. The main limit of those techniques is that usually carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are deposited in the form of thick bundles and are mixed with insulating molecules, such as surfactants, used to try to unbundle the CNTs in solution. Moreover, ultrasonication is in general used to help dispersion, inducing defects in the tubes; the overall effect is to considerably reduce the conductivity of such CNT films. It is our firm belief that a considerable improvement in film quality can come by directly synthesizing the networks onto the substrate via CVD, but this requires achieving a control of the density and quality of the SWCNT networks without losing the planar arrangement. We show here our latest results in enhancing the quality of SWCNT percolating network synthesis by alcohol CVD on silicon oxide substrates using cobalt and nickel acetates as precursors.
PERIPUTOS: Purity evaluated by Raman intensity of pristine and ultracentrifuged topping of single‐wall carbon nanotubes
Authors: Nishide Daisuke , Miyata Yasumitsu , Yanagi Kazuhiro , Tanaka Takeshi , Kataura Hiromichi 
Published: November 2009

AbstractA quantitative purity evaluation of single‐wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) using resonance Raman spectroscopy was proposed. Linearity between purity and G‐band Raman intensity of isolated SWCNT solution was confirmed and quantitative purity was evaluated directly from an intensity ratio of pristine and high‐purity SWCNTs prepared by ultracentrifugation. We confirmed that the purity evaluated by Raman intensity of pristine and ultracentrifuged topping of SWCNTs [purity evaluated by Raman intensity of pristine and ultracentrifuged topping of single‐wall carbon nanotubes (PERIPUTOS)] gave the same value for the different laser wavelengths and could be applied to any kinds of SWCNT.
Lattice vibrations in graphene nanoribbons from density functional theory
Authors: Gillen Roland , Mohr Marcel , Maultzsch Janina , Thomsen Christian 
Published: November 2009

AbstractThis work shows results of our investigation of the lattice vibrations in graphene nanoribbons with zigzag and armchair type edges, which we performed by the use of density functional theory. The boundary conditions induced by the nanoribbon edges allow for an interpretation of the phonons as fundamental modes and their respective overtones. The calculated phonons show a characteristic dependence on the nanoribbon width. In this context, we considered a possible influence of the antiferromagnetic ground state of zigzag nanoribbons with respect to the phonons. Furthermore, we demonstrate that a mapping of the calculated Γ‐point phonon frequencies of nanoribbons onto the phonon dispersion of graphene corresponds to an “unfolding” of the nanoribbons' Brillouin zone onto that of graphene and yields good agreement. We further show symmetry properties of armchair and zigzag nanoribbons and full phonon dispersions for small‐width nanoribbons.
Light scattering of interacting gold nanorods
Authors: McGuirt Baxter , Kielbasa Jerry , Park Jung‐Ho , Sisco Patrick , Zhang Junping , Peterson Eric , Murphy Catherine , Adams Richard D. , Williams Richard , Carroll David 
Published: November 2009

AbstractThe optical field intensity of light scattering from nanorods of gold has been imaged at distances that are intermediate between the near‐field and far‐field regimes using a near‐field scanning optical microscope (NSOM). For scattering from isolated nanorods the Fraunhofer diffractive behaviour is modified slightly by the dipolar nature of metal nanoantannae as would be expected at these imaging distances. However, when the nanorods are brought into close proximity, interactions between the nanorods alter the scattering behaviour substantially creating large field intensities between the structures. By sampling the field with the near‐field microscope tip scanned at different heights, detailed maps of the scattering profile can be generated.The NSOM image of far‐field scattered light from an isolated gold nanorod. The nanorod was imaged at a distance of roughly 8 µm above the support substrate using a scanning near‐field microscope operated at constant height mode.magnified image
Neutralization of quantum stiction with interlocking arrays of gold nanopillars
Authors: Yannopapas Vassilios , Vitanov Nikolay V. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractBy using a rigorous quantum electrodynamic approach we show that it is possible to achieve the neutralization of the Casimir attraction between two adjacent surfaces in the nanometer scale by coating the two planar surfaces with periodic arrays of nanoparticle chains or nanopillars grown normally, on top of the surfaces, in an interleaving pattern. (© 2010 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Robust control of T‐S fuzzy systems with time‐varying delay using new approach
Authors: Gassara Hamdi , El Hajjaji Ahmed , Chaabane Mohamed 
Published: November 2009

AbstractThis paper aims to design a controller to robustly stabilize uncertain nonlinear systems with time‐varying delay and norm bounded uncertainties via Takagi–Sugeno (T‐S) fuzzy model. The stabilization conditions are given in the form of linear matrix inequalities using a single Lyapunov–Krasovskii functional (LKF) combining the introduction of some relaxation matrices and only one tuning parameter. In comparison with the existing techniques in the literature, the proposed approach has two major advantages. The first is the reduction of computational complexity when the number of IF‐THEN rules, r, is big. The second concerns the conservatism reduction. Several examples are given to show the effectiveness and the merits of the design procedure. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Trajectory‐keeping in satellite formation flying via robust periodic learning control
Authors: Ahn Hyo‐Sung , Moore Kevin L. , Chen YangQuan 
Published: November 2009

AbstractThis paper proposes an iterative learning control (ILC) scheme to ensure trajectory‐keeping in satellite formation flying. Since satellites rotate the earth periodically, position‐dependent disturbances can be considered time‐periodic disturbances. This observation motivates the idea of repetitively compensating for external disturbances such as solar radiation, magnetic field, air drag, and gravity forces in an iterative, orbit‐to‐orbit manner. It is shown that robust ILC can be effectively utilized for satellite trajectory tracking, thus enabling time‐variant formation flying between the leader‐ and follower‐satellites. The validity of the results is illustrated through computational simulations. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Global output regulation for output feedback systems with an uncertain exosystem and its application
Authors: Xu Dabo , Huang Jie 
Published: November 2009

AbstractThis paper presents the solvability conditions for the global robust output regulation problem for a class of output feedback systems with an uncertain exosystem by using output feedback control. An adaptive control technique is used to handle the unknown parameter vector in the exosystem. It is shown that this unknown parameter vector can be exactly estimated asymptotically if a controller containing a minimal internal model is employed. The effectiveness of our approach has been illustrated by an asymptotic tracking problem of a generalized fourth‐order Lorenz system. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.