bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A 12-Gene Genomic Instability Signature Predicts Clinical Outcomes in Multiple Cancer Types
Authors: Mettu Rama K.R. , Wan Ying-Wooi , Habermann Jens K. , Ried Thomas , Guo Nancy Lan 
Published: November 2010

Background and aims Genomic instability, as reflected in specific chromosomal aneuploidies and variation in the nuclear DNA content, is a defining feature of human carcinomas. It is solidly established that the degree of genomic instability influences clinical outcome. We have recently identified a 12-gene expression signature that discerned genomically stable from unstable breast carcinomas. This gene expression signature was also useful to predict, with high accuracy, the clinical course in independent multiple published breast cancer cohorts. From a biological point of view, this result confirmed the central role of genomic instability for a tumor's ability to adapt to external challenges and selective pressure, and hence for continued survival fitness. This prompted us to investigate whether this genomic instability signature could also predict clinical outcome in other cancer types of epithelial origin, including colorectal tumors, non-small cell lung carcinomas, and ovarian cancer. Results The results show that the gene expression signature that defines genomic instability and poor outcome in breast cancer contributes significantly more accurate (p<0.05 compared with random prediction) prognostic information in multiple cancer types independent of established clinical parameters. The 12-gene genomic instability signature stratified patients into high- and low-risk groups with distinct postoperative survival in three non-small cell lung cancer cohorts (n=637) in KaplanMeier analyses (log-rank p<0.05). It predicted recurrence in colon cancer patients (n=92) with an overall accuracy greater than 69% (p=0.04) in cross-cohort validation. It quantified relapse-free survival in ovarian cancer (n=124; log-rank p<0.05). Functional pathway analysis revealed interactions between the 12 signature genes and well-known cancer hallmarks. Conclusion The degree of genomic instability has diagnostic and prognostic implications. It is tempting to speculate that pursuing genomic instability therapeutically could provide entry points for a target that is unique to cancer cells.
Mutation Analysis of Braf Exon 15 and Kras Codons 12 and 13 in Moroccan Patients with Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Bennani Bahia , Gilles Sophie , Fina Frederic , Nanni Isabelle , Ibrahimi Sidi Adil , Riffi Afaf Amarti , Nejjari Chakib , Benajeh Dafr-Allah , Abkari Mohammed El , Martin Pierre-Marie , Ouafik L'Houcine 
Published: November 2010

Background The RAS/RAF/MEK/MAP kinase cascade transduces signals from the cell surface to the nucleus in order to control cellular responses including proliferation, differentiation and survival. We investigated the occurrence of BRAF exon 15 and KRAS codon 12 and 13 mutations in Moroccan patients with colorectal cancer. Methods Sixty-two samples from patients with sporadic colorectal adenocarcinomas were studied for BRAF exon 15 and KRAS codon 12 and 13 mutations. DNA from paraffin-embedded tissue specimens was analyzed by a combination of polymerase chain reaction–high resolution melting and direct sequencing. Results Of the analyzed specimens, 29% exhibited KRAS codon 12 or 13 mutations and only 1.6% carried a BRAF codon 600 mutation. KRAS mutations were more often observed in women (35.5%) than in men (22.6%). Patients in the age range between 41 and 60 years were more likely to be carriers of this mutation. No KRAS mutations were detected in patients aged >60 years. Conclusion Despite the limited study sample, our data suggest that KRAS mutations arise more frequently than BRAF mutations in Moroccan patients with colorectal carcinomas. The KRAS mutation status must be assessed in a large cohort of Moroccan patients to confirm these findings and to determine whether this mutation in combination with extrinsic, environmental or microenvironmental factors might be involved in the high frequency of colorectal cancer in middle-aged Moroccans.
Fully Reversible pH‐Triggered Network Formation of Amphoteric Polyelectrolyte Hydrogels
Authors: Bajomo Michael , Robb Ian , Steinke Joachim H. G. , Bismarck Alexander 
Published: November 2010

AbstractHydrogels are prepared through free radical copolymerization of MAA and DMAEMA employing only non‐covalent interactions. The formation of hydrogels is dependent on pH as well as copolymer composition as a consequence of balance of predominantly attractive and repulsive ionic interactions and hydrogen bonding. The hydrogels are stable between pH 3 and 8 and for MAA to DMAEMA ratios of 62:38 to 68:32. Elastic and loss moduli are characterized as a function of pH. Hydrogels can reform from swollen microgel particles and offer the opportunity of recyclability. In model experiments it is shown that the flow through porous media can be controlled by varying the pH, which offers new possibilities such as controlling the supply of growth factors in tissue engineering scaffolds or as degradable fluid loss control agents for enhanced oil recovery.
HAX1 mutations causing severe congenital neuropenia and neurological disease lead to cerebral microstructural abnormalities documented by quantitative MRI
Authors: Boztug Kaan , Ding Xiao‐Qi , Hartmann Hans , Ziesenitz Lena , Schäffer Alejandro A. , Diestelhorst Jana , Pfeifer Dietmar , Appaswamy Giridharan , Kehbel Sonja , Simon Thorsten , Al Jefri Abdullah , Lanfermann Heinrich , Klein Christoph 
Published: November 2010

AbstractBiallelic mutations in the gene encoding HCLS‐associated protein X‐1 (HAX1) cause autosomal recessive severe congenital neutropenia (SCN). Some of these patients have neurological abnormalities including developmental delay, cognitive impairment, and/or epilepsy. Recent genotype–phenotype studies have shown that mutations in HAX1 affecting transcripts A (NM_006118.3) and B (NM_001018837.1) cause the phenotype of SCN with neurological impairment, while mutations affecting isoform A but not B lead to SCN without neurological aberrations. In this study, we identified a consanguineous family with two patients suffering from SCN and neurological disease caused by a novel, homozygous genomic deletion including exons 4–7 of the HAX1 gene. Quantitative MRI analyses showed generalized alterations in cerebral proton density in both of the patients, as well as in an additional unrelated patient with another HAX1 mutation (Arg86X) known to be associated with neurological manifestations. This study provides first in vivo evidence of aberrant neuroimaging findings associated with HAX1 deficiency in SCN patients. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A Synthetic “Tour de Force”: Well‐Defined Multivalent and Multimodal Dendritic Structures for Biomedical Applications
Authors: Röglin Lars , Lempens Edith H. M. , Meijer E. W. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractDendrimers have several unique properties that make them attractive scaffolds for use in biomedical applications. To date, multivalent and multimodal dendritic structures have been synthesized predominantly by statistical modification of peripheral groups. However, the potential application of such probes in patients demands well‐defined and monodisperse materials that have unique structures. Current progress in the field of chemical biology, in particular chemoselective ligation methods, renders this challenge possible. In this Minireview, we outline the different available synthetic strategies, some applications that already make use of this new generation of multivalent and multimodal architectures, and the challenges for future developments.
Creation of a stable hydrophilic poly(dimethyl siloxane) surface by the plasma‐induced crosslinking of monomers
Authors: Bodas Dhananjay , Rauch Jean‐Yves , Khan‐Malek Chantal 
Published: November 2010

AbstractA 3 : 1 composition of functional monomer (FM)–multifunctional acrylate was spin‐coated and later crosslinked under the influence of oxygen plasma on the surface of poly(dimethyl siloxane) (PDMS) to generate a surface‐anchored crosslinked network bearing functional moieties. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and wetting angle measurements were used to analyze the crosslinked monomer surfaces. Scanning electron microscopy was used to visualize the surface of the film after modification. The results of the surface reconstruction of the FM surfaces and plasma‐treated PDMS reveal that long‐term hydrophilic surfaces were achieved. Thus, the surface architecture could be favorably manipulated with this remarkable technique with a suitable combination of FMs and crosslinkers. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2010
Efficiency and biocompatibility of antimicrobial textile material of broad spectrum activity
Authors: Simović Ljiljana M. , Škundrić Petar D. , Kostić Mirjana M. , Tasić Goran M. , Kojić Zvezdana Ž. , Milaković Branko D. , Medović Adela H. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractThe subject of this article is to study the behavior of the antimicrobial textile material. The material is in the form of plaster wound dressing which is consisting of a nonwoven textile base containing polypropylene (PP)/viscose, a polymer carrier, and an antimicrobial active substance. The polymer carrier is the polysaccharideD‐glucosamine (chitosan), and the active antimicrobial substance is antibiotic gentamicin sulfate. The amount of gentamicin sulfate immobilized into the polymer matrix of the polymer carrier was 0.15–0.20 mg/cm2or 2.0–2.5% of the mass of the nonwoven textile material. The antimicrobial textile material has been studiedin vitroandin vivoconditions through the efficiency of the antimicrobial effects on different kinds of pathogenic microorganisms, as well as the biocompatibility in preclinical research. The results of these experiments indicate that all bioactive textile materials were biocidalin vitrofor all pathogenic test organisms. Good biocompatibility, the existence of the correlation between thein vitroandin vivoresults, concerning efficiency, qualifies these antimicrobial biomaterials for clinical use. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011
Synthesis, Biological Evaluation and Molecular Modeling of GW 501516 Analogues
Authors: Ciocoiu Calin C. , Ravna Aina W. , Sylte Ingebrigt , Hansen Trond Vidar 
Published: November 2010

AbstractEleven analogues of GW 501516 (1) were prepared and subjected to biological testing in a semi‐high throughput human skeletal muscle cell assay. The assay testing indicated that all analogues elicited oxidation of oleic acid. Among the most potent agonists, 2e (2‐{2‐ethyl‐4‐[(4‐methyl‐2‐(4‐trifluoromethylphenyl)thiazol‐5‐yl)methylthio]phenoxy}‐2‐methylpropanoic acid), was also subjected to a luciferase‐based transfection assay, which showed that this compound is a potent agonist against PPARδ and a moderate agonist against PPARα. Docking of compound 2e into PPARδ revealed that it occupied the agonist binding site and exhibited key hydrogen bonding interactions with His323, His449, and Tyr473.
P‐Rank: An indicator measuring prestige in heterogeneous scholarly networks
Authors: Yan Erjia , Ding Ying , Sugimoto Cassidy R. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractRanking scientific productivity and prestige are often limited to homogeneous networks. These networks are unable to account for the multiple factors that constitute the scholarly communication and reward system. This study proposes a new informetric indicator, P‐Rank, for measuring prestige in heterogeneous scholarly networks containing articles, authors, and journals. P‐Rank differentiates the weight of each citation based on its citing papers, citing journals, and citing authors. Articles from 16 representative library and information science journals are selected as the dataset. Principle Component Analysis is conducted to examine the relationship between P‐Rank and other bibliometric indicators. We also compare the correlation and rank variances between citation counts and P‐Rank scores. This work provides a new approach to examining prestige in scholarly communication networks in a more comprehensive and nuanced way.
Untersuchungen zum Einsatz von Verdunstungskühlung innerhalb eines hybriden Lüftungskonzeptes
Authors: Kozak Wojciech , Rösler Markus , Perschk Alf 
Published: November 2010

AbstractDas Aufrechterhalten der thermischen Behaglichkeit bei hochsommerlichen Verhältnissen stellt auch in neuen Gebäuden mit hohem Niveau der Wärmedämmung ohne Nutzung energieintensiver RLT‐Anlagen eine Herausforderung dar. Trotz moderater innerer Gewinne und Schutz vor solaren Gewinnen bleibt oft eine die thermische Behaglichkeit beeinträchtigende Kühllast bestehen. Dieser Artikel beschreibt rechnerische Untersuchungen zu einem hybriden Lüftungskonzept für einen Raum, in dem die Kühlung von einem direkten Verdunstungskühler bereitgestellt wird. Die Forschungsarbeiten werden im Rahmen eines DST‐DFG‐Kooperations‐Programmes mit dem Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee durchgeführt, wo ein Prototyp eines solchen Kühlers vermessen und optimiert wird. Dieser Artikel analysiert die Anwendungsmöglichkeiten von direkter Verdunstungskühlung im Niedrigenergiehaus und im schlecht gedämmten Gebäude unter mitteleuropäischen sommerlichen Wetterverhältnissen. Der Einfluss der Verschattung, der Lüftungsstrategie, der Wärmedämmung und der Feuchtehaushalt der Außenwände werden diskutiert. Als Ergebnis lässt sich ausweisen, dass in Kombination mit einer passenden Lüftungsstrategie und ausreichender Verschattung der direkte Verdunstungskühler in der Lage ist, die thermische Behaglichkeit auf einem mit einer RLT‐Anlage vergleichbaren Niveau zu halten.Investigation and application of evaporate cooling within a hybrid ventilation scheme. It is a challenge to attain a high level of thermal comfort during the summer without using energy intensive air conditioning systems even with high insulation standards of the walls in new buildings. Despite moderate inner loads and intensive protections against solar gains a cooling load often remains that affects the thermal comfort. This paper investigates by means of computer simulation a hybrid ventilation concept where cooling is provided by a direct evaporative cooler. The research work has been carried out within a DSTDFG cooperation program with the Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, where a prototype of such a cooler is investigated and optimised.This paper analyses the potential for use of evaporative cooler in low energy buildings and traditional buildings with lower insulation standard under Central European summer conditions. In addition, the influence of shading appliances, ventilation strategy, thermal insulation of the building and the humidity content of the outside walls is investigated.It has been found that evaporative coolers, together with a suitable ventilation strategy and sufficient shading are able to provide levels of thermal comfort comparable with those gained by mechanical air conditioning systems.
Simulation einer prädiktiven Raumtemperaturregelung unter Verwendung einer idealen Wettervorhersage
Authors: Görtler Gregor , Beigelböck Barbara 
Published: November 2010

AbstractDurch die Anwendung von prädiktiven Regelalgorithmen (Model Predictive Control MPC) für die Raumheizung versprechen sich Errichter und Betreiber eine nennenswerte Energieeinsparung. Mittels einer Simulation soll für einen ausgewählten Fall das Energieeinsparpotential eines prädiktiven Regelalgorithmus zur Raumtemperaturregelung unter Verwendung einer idealen Wettervorhersage im Vergleich zu gängigen Algorithmen wie z. B. PI‐Regler oder Zweipunktregler abgeschätzt werden. Als Regelstrecke mit der Regelgröße Raumtemperatur dient ein Raum mit Fußbodenheizung, der in TRNSYS modelliert wurde. Mittels geeigneter Identifikationsmethoden wurde ein lineares Zustandsraummodell der Regelstrecke entworfen, welches vom prädiktiven Regelalgorithmus, der in MATLAB programmiert wurde, verwendet wird. Durch Einbindung eines Referenzwetterdatensatzes aus der TRNSYS‐Bibliothek, welcher dem Regelalgorithmus zur Verfügung gestellt wird, sind alle relevanten Wetterdaten bereits im Voraus bekannt (ideale Wettervorhersage). Für die in diesem Beitrag betrachtete Konfiguration ergab sich ein Energieeinsparpotential von ca. 10 % pro Jahr bei der Verwendung eines MPCReglers, verglichen mit einem PI‐Regler.Simulation of a model predictive room temperature control by use of an ideal weather forecast. Due to the use of MPC (Model Predictive Control) for room heating applications users and constructors expect nameable energy savings. By usage of a simulation for a special case the energy saving potential of predictive control algorithm for room temperature control in connection with an ideal weather forecast, in comparison to established algorithms (PI‐control, two level controller) is estimated. The controlled system with the control variable room temperature is a room with floor heating which was modelled in TRNSYS. A linear state space model of the controlled system was derived with suitable identification methods. This model was used by the predictive control algorithm, which was programmed in MATLAB. The weather data was taken from the TRNSYS library and has been made available also for the control algorithm, so that an ideal weather forecast was established. For the example considered in this paper, the amount of energy saving was 10 % per year with the MPC‐controller compared to a PI‐controller.
Nucleic‐acid structural deformability deduced from anisotropic displacement parameters
Authors: Peckham Heather E. , Olson Wilma K. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractThe growing numbers of very well resolved nucleic‐acid crystal structures with anisotropic displacement parameters provide an unprecedented opportunity to learn about the natural motions of DNA and RNA. Here we report a new Monte‐Carlo approach that takes direct account of this information to extract the distortions of covalent structure, base pairing, and dinucleotide geometry intrinsic to regularly organized double‐helical molecules. We present new methods to test the validity of the anisotropic parameters and examine the apparent deformability of a variety of structures, including several A, B, and Z DNA duplexes, an AB helical intermediate, an RNA, a ligand‐DNA complex, and an enzyme‐bound DNA. The rigid‐body parameters characterizing the positions of the bases in the structures mirror the mean parameters found when atomic motion is taken into account. The base‐pair fluctuations intrinsic to a single structure, however, differ from those extracted from collections of nucleic‐acid structures, although selected base‐pair steps undergo conformational excursions along routes suggested by the ensembles. The computations reveal surprising new molecular insights, such as the stiffening of DNA and concomitant separation of motions of contacted nucleotides on opposite strands by the binding ofEscherichia coliendonuclease VIII, which suggest how the protein may direct enzymatic action. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Biopolymers 95: 254–269,2011.
Encapsulation of Dye Molecules and Nanoparticles in Hollow Organogel Fibers of a Nonchiral Polyurethane Model Compound
Authors: Khan Mostofa Kamal , Sundararajan Pudupadi 
Published: November 2010

AbstractWe present the case of a nonchiral organogelator that forms hollow fibers and encapsulates silver nanoparticles (SNP) and a dye molecule. The biscarbamate molecule (a model compound for polyurethanes), which has two hydrogen‐bonding motifs symmetrically attached to n‐dodecyl side chains (C12), gels benzonitrile with hollow fibrillar morphology. The C12 molecules form sheets that eventually wrap into hollow fibers to form the gel network. Herein, two‐component gels were prepared with C12 as one component and SNP, phthalocyanine (Pc), or perylene (Pe) as the other. Microscopic analysis and partial melting experiments confirmed the inclusion of the silver nanoparticles and phthalocyanine into the hollow fibers. On the other hand, Pe molecules tend to form crystals at the outer surface of the C12 fibers, which results in a significant increase in the width of the gel fibers. This difference in the behavior of Pc and Pe molecules were accounted for by their crystal geometry and significantly different crystal growth rate compared with that of C12 fiber formation in the gels. Pc crystallizes in a needle shape that facilitates occlusion in the gel fibers, whereas Pe forms large platelets. X‐ray diffraction and spectroscopic analysis of the two‐component gels along with their neat components confirmed that there was no change in the packing behavior of the Pc and Pe molecules in the gels. Therefore, these are examples of two‐component physical gels in which the Pc crystals are occluded within the hollow fibers of C12 by physical mixing of the components without the aid of any inter‐molecular interactions between the different components. We have thus shown that lumen‐loaded gel fibers with nanoparticles and dye molecules can be prepared by the two‐component gel route, provided that the above growth rate, shape, and size conditions are satisfied.
Emerging subject for chiral separation science: Cluster boron compounds
Authors: Horáková Hana , Grüner Bohumír , Vespalec Radim 
Published: November 2010

AbstractThe structural chirality is an inherent feature of fully synthetic boron cluster compounds that sometimes exhibit unique biochemical effects. HPLC studies with zwitter‐ionic cluster boron compounds and electrophoretic studies with boron cluster anions reveal that the chiral separability of these species is remarkably dissimilar to that of organic species, if uncharged cyclodextrins are used as chiral selectors. Furthermore, marked differences were found between the analytical characteristics of the chiral separations of the boron cluster species and those of the organic species with uncharged cyclodextrins. The present‐day experimental database indicates that the rules valid for the chiral separations of the organic species cannot be applied to the chiral separations of the boron cluster species without experimental verification. The current extent of research work devoted to the investigation of chirality and chiral separations of boron cluster species is negligibly small in comparison with that devoted to the investigation of chirality and chiral separations of organic species. This makes difficult a reliable explanation of both the particularities observed in chiral separations of boron cluster species with cyclodextrins as chiral selectors and the strange effects related to these separations at the moment. Chirality, 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Radio‐wave Supported Thermal Treatment as New Technology for Drying and Decontamination of Building Components
Authors: Roland Ulf , Holzer Frank , Trommler Ulf , Pfütze Christian , Kopinke Frank‐Dieter , Pfütze Christian , Freytag Olaf 
Published: November 2010

AbstractDie direkte dielektrische Erwärmung mittels Radiowellen, d. h. hochfrequenten elektromagnetischen Wellen, wurde erfolgreich für den Anwendungsbereich der Bauwerkssanierung getestet. Es konnte gezeigt werden, dass mit dieser Methode so unterschiedliche Materialien wie Sandstein und Faserbeton kontrolliert, homogen und effizient bis zu Temperaturen von mehr als 100 °C erwärmt werden können. Dies erlaubt beispielsweise eine Trocknung dieser Materialien ohne mechanische Eingriffe. Durch Einbettung von Formkörpern in eine geeignete Materialschüttung ist diese Methode auch für unregelmäßig geformte Strukturen anwendbar, was einen Einsatz im Bereich der Denkmalpflege ermöglicht.