bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
State control and the weak stock market in China
Authors: Cai Wei 
Published: May 2010

PurposeThe paper aims to explore how the undue state control leads to the weak stock market in China. It analyzes how the undue state control is exerted in some key areas in the Chinese stock market. This paper intends to expand the existing literature in the relationships among law, politics, and economy.Design/methodology/approachThis paper mainly adopts the exploratory method to analyze the undue state influences. Under some circumstances, comparative study and historical explanation are also adopted.FindingsThe paper suggests that to create a strong stock market and facilitate the development of the listed companies and the whole economy, the state should first release its control on the stock market.Research limitations/implicationsVarious fields are contained in a stock market, in most of which the undue state control can be observed. In this paper, only some key ones are explored. Further research on other fields and if possible more first‐hand data are necessary.Practical implicationsThis paper not only offers an answer to concerns on the various misconducts in the inefficient Chinese stock market and helps to realize the possible ways out of such dilemma, but also it offers implications for other emerging economies.Originality/valueThe on‐going debate on the role of common‐law versus civil‐law system in the capital market may have ignored the state involvement. This paper indicates that it is the undue state control rather than the legal system that leads to the weak stock market in China.
Corruption and ethical relativism: what is at stake?
Authors: Dion Michel 
Published: May 2010

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to see to what extent ethical relativism could be adopted as justification for corrupt practices.Design/methodology/approachThe paper analyzed the various perspectives which were used to define the boundaries of corruption: a structural perspective, a social‐normative perspective, and an organizational‐normative perspective. It then identified the various ethics positions that could be chosen and particularly focuses on ethical relativism.FindingsThe paper finds that corruption should be considered not only as a social construct, a cultural phenomenon (from a social‐historical viewpoint), but also as an object for ethical reasoning (from a moral viewpoint). Owing to that fact that corruption serves both to sway people away from their moral duties and to favour self‐interest, we cannot look at corruption as if it would only be a cultural phenomenon.Originality/valueThe paper presents the case of guanxi networks as a cultural phenomenon that is not rooted in Confucian traditional texts, but that makes an integral part of the present Chinese culture. The distorted meaning of guanxi (as favoritism) should make everybody more cautious about the risk to undertake unethical actions.
Market analysis of fit preferences of female boomers
Authors: Howarton Renee , Lee Brenna 
Published: May 2010

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to disseminate research findings that compared attitudes regarding apparel and fit preferences as well as actual buying behaviors for 229 female baby boomers employed at a midwestern university.Design/methodology/approachResearchers created a questionnaire that examined purchasing attitudes, behaviors and identified valued apparel characteristics and garment fit expectations/frustrations. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics.FindingsResults indicated that respondents were frustrated that the apparel industry did not cater to their apparel and fit needs more effectively. While they felt that they knew how to judge proper fit, they indicated that store personnel should be knowledgeable about products in general and clothing fit in particular. They also had distinct clothing design preferences and chose fit, product quality and price considerations over designer and brand names.Research limitations/implicationsThe population was limited by midwestern demographic and economic factors descriptive of employees working in a rural community. This may limit the application of results to more diverse baby boomer populations located throughout the USA.Practical implicationsSurvey results provide the apparel and retail industry with data that can be used to design and market clothing that is a more accurate reflection of boomer needs and wants, thus producing more satisfied consumers and maximizing industry profits.Originality/valueThis unique study is helpful in expanding an understanding of the apparel and fit preferences of the lucrative baby boomer generation.
Mass customization: points and extent of apparel customization
Authors: Senanayake Muditha M. , Little Trevor J. 
Published: May 2010

PurposeMass customization (MC) is one of the changes for the US apparel industry that will provide a competitive advantage and offer products needed by consumers. However, as the points of customization and their extent of customization characterize business models including the process strategies to achieve a successful MC strategy, it is imperative to define the points of customization. The purpose of this research is to investigate and introduce the critical points of customization and their extent for apparel.Design/methodology/approachAn apparel industry survey together with case studies was used to collect information to test and support the hypothesis developed through the comprehensive literature review.FindingsFive critical points of apparel customization are defined. These points and their extents of customization are compared, analyzed and validated. It is suggested that the success and the capability of apparel MC will depend on how effectively a company can combine the defined points of customization and their extent of customization in pre‐production, production and post‐production of the apparel product.Research limitations/implicationsThe research findings of points of customization is for an apparel product. However, the concepts may be applied to products in other industries.Practical implicationsThe post‐production customization point using current technologies is a popular practice for mass customization. However, to achieve a higher level or extent of customization such as design point of customization, it is essential to use advanced product development, manufacturing and processing technologies.Originality/valueThe points of apparel customization and their extent of customization have not been studied before for the apparel MC domain. These points and extent of customization provide new insights into the mass customized apparel manufacturing and apparel MC business models.
Public pressure against sweat shops as perceived by top‐management of apparel and footwear companies
Authors: Park‐Poaps Haesun 
Published: May 2010

PurposePublic pressure has been recognized as one of the most forceful factors underlying change in sweat shop conditions in the industry. The purpose of this study is to investigate the level of public pressure perceived by top managers of US clothing and footwear firms and to examine effects of individual and organizational factors that may differentiate the level of perception.Design/methodology/approachData were obtained through a mail survey, with a total of 96 cases included in the analyses.FindingsResults of a series oft‐tests revealed statistically significant influence of firm size, tenure, and firm ownership type on perceived public pressure for fair labor practices, while gender, age, education, business type, and percentage of foreign‐sourced merchandise were not found to be statistically significantly related to perceptions of public pressure.Research limitations/implicationsThe findings warn that the current public pressure is toward certain types of firms and their managements. Small and private firms that form the majority of the clothing and footwear sector need to be exposed to the pressure. Data consisted of a portion from a larger scale survey and may not represent a random sample. Further investigations could identify top‐management's strategic actions and social performance of the firm as a response to such pressure.Originality/valueManagerial perception of social pressure is likely to initiate social actions undertaken by the firms. The findings of the study produced valuable further discussions on the current states and directions of managerial reactions to the sweat shop issues.
Hedonic and utilitarian shopping motivations of fashion leadership
Authors: Kang Jiyun , Park‐Poaps Haesun 
Published: May 2010

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to investigate the relationships between fashion innovativeness/opinion leadership and utilitarian/hedonic shopping motivations. This study seeks to develop a better understanding of fashion leadership and determine the primary shopping motivations associated with fashion leadership.Design/methodology/approachA survey was completed by a total of 150 students at a large university in the southeastern USA. Multiple regression analyses, MANCOVA, and ANCOVA were employed to test the research hypotheses.FindingsThe results indicated that fashion innovativeness was significantly related to various hedonic shopping motivations; fashion innovativeness was positively associated with adventure and idea shopping motivations, whereas it was negatively associated with value shopping motivation. Fashion opinion leadership was positively associated with utilitarian shopping motivation.Practical implicationsThe results of the study help to suggest various marketing and retailing strategies to stimulate fashion innovative behaviors through adventurous, stimulating, and up‐to‐date new fashions. They also suggest that fashion opinion leadership could be activated by focusing proper shopping environments or advertising on information/features for cognitive stimulation.Originality/valueThe study investigated a direct relationship between fashion leadership and shopping motivations for the first time. The findings of the study strengthen academic research on fashion leadership by identifying pre‐positioned shopping motivations that trigger fashion leadership, as well as practical applications.
The “unbroken marriage” – trafficking and child labour in Europe
Authors: Vinković Mario 
Published: May 2010

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explore the correlation between trafficking in children and child labour in Europe. The paper focuses on the scope of these issues and specific feature of child trafficking as the cause of the worst forms of child labour. Child labour and trafficking constitutes not only violations of children's rights, but also acts of transnational organised crime through which criminal groups acquire considerable amounts of money. The paper also identifies the shortcomings of the International Labour Organisation (ILO) and European Union (EU) regulations.Design/methodology/approachBased on available statistical data, the paper seeks to identify the worst forms of child labour, in particular, the sexual exploitation of children as a consequence of child trafficking, and define the implications of child trafficking for the European Common Market.FindingsThe trafficking of children expressis verbis should be identified as a cause of the worst forms of child labour, in particular of sexual exploitation of children. Coherent activity of EU member state authorities, cooperation in the field of internal affairs and criminal matters, and development of effective supranational criminal law framework must become a priority of a society oriented towards the highest standards of protection of children's rights as a separate human rights category. The paper critically comments on the problems of relevant definitions contained in the ILO Convention No. 182.Originality/valueThe EU went the furthest with its activities; its supranational character proved to be much more effective in developing but also using the existing international instruments as compared to slow and passive child protection mechanisms within other international entities, ILO in particular.
PEPs – let's get serious
Authors: Geary Joy 
Published: May 2010

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is twofold. First, to draw attention to some options for better management of politically exposed persons (PEPs). Second, to draw attention to the problems experienced by low‐capacity entities in implementing a risk‐based approach to anti‐money laundering (AML) counter financing of terrorism (CTF).Design/methodology/approachThe paper draws on the experience of the author in working with low‐capacity reporting entities in Australia and the Pacific to assist them in the implementation of AML/CTF risk‐based programs.FindingsThere are four initiatives worthy of consideration by Financial Action Task Force (FATF) in their current revision work that would improve management of PEPs and other AML/CTF risks: extension of the FATF requirement 33 to bring government agencies that incorporate companies within recommendations 5‐16, in effect expanding the concept of “customer”; extension of the FATF requirement 34 to bring government agencies that register trusts within recommendations 5‐16, also in effect expanding the concept of “customer”; extension of Special Recommendation VIII to require reporting of all inbound and outbound electronic financial transactions above set thresholds; and introducing a two‐tier AML/CTF regime to assist low‐capacity entities.Research limitations/implicationsThis paper is based on observations derived from working alongside low‐capacity entities in Australia and the Pacific.Practical implicationsThis includes expansion of the FATF recommendations to new sectors and adoption of a two‐tier AML/CTF system instead of the single risk‐based system.Originality/valueFATF and policymakers should consider the significant value that can be obtained by extension of the FATF recommendations as suggested in closing systemic weaknesses, reducing the overall cost of AML/CTF regimes and improving their efficacy. The paper draws on the current experience of new regulated entities not previously exposed to AML/CTF requirements. Regulators implementing risk‐based regimes should consider the issues experienced by low‐capacity entities when measuring the likely success of risk‐based regimes. See similar recommendations made regarding companies and trusts by Transparency International in their March 2009 paper “Undue diligence.”
General confiscation regulation in Spain
Authors: Faraldo Cabana Patricia 
Published: May 2010

PurposeThis paper aims to analyse the Spanish confiscation regulation considering the specialised literature as well as the relevant case law.Design/methodology/approachThe Spanish confiscation regulation and the practical application is discussed in this paper.FindingsThe paper shows the shortfalls in the regulation with regards to Spain's international obligations and the inconsistencies in the judicial application of the legislation, which limit the possibilities of putting a stop to criminal activity centring on obtaining huge profits.Research limitations/implicationsThe paper focuses exclusively on the general Spanish confiscation regulation, dispensing with compared analysis. Only Spanish literature is used.Originality/valueThe paper provides readers of other nationalities a complete overview of the matter.
The threats that terrorist and subversive organisations pose, particularly by penetration, to the stability and integrity of financial institutions and markets
Authors: de Koster Philippe 
Published: May 2010

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to give a current overview of the threats that terrorist and subversive organisations pose to the stability and integrity of financial institutions and markets and to put forward new measures to efficiently and effectively fight terrorists and terrorist organisations.Design/methodology/approachThe paper starts from the statement by several experts that criminal and terrorist organisations have managed to organise themselves and have accumulated significant financial resources to integrate them into the financial system. The author uses the own experience as Deputy Director of the Belgium Financial Intelligence Processing Unit, the FATP experience and the practical experience of the Belgium Financial Intelligence Processing Unit (the paper includes practical case studies) to identify these threats and new measures.FindingsThe paper concludes that the traditional approach of fighting money laundering and terrorism financing has its limits and must be complemented in order to be efficient and defeat terrorists or at least decrease their ability to act. The paper proposes a new approach to complement the traditional approach of fighting money laundering and terrorism financing.Originality/valueConvictions for terrorism or terrorism financing, as well as seizures and confiscations of dirty money remain very limited. Criminal and terrorist organisations are always very active all over the world. This paper is not only consequently very important to identify threats but also to identify and propose new measures to efficiently and effectively fight terrorists and terrorist organisations.
Gender‐based analysis of leadership differences in Turkey
Authors: Çınar Altıntaş Füsun 
Published: May 2010

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate differences of leadership styles of Turkish men and women managers in team‐oriented and participative leadership dimensions. In addition, the purpose of this resarch is to find out the differences of leadership styles and also the effect of pre‐managerial and managerial experiences on leadership style in a gender‐based context.Design/methodology/approachA web‐based questionnaire was used for the study. Four main hypotheses were tested by ANOVA and structural equation modeling. Research was conducted via a total of 276 managers, composed of 124 women and 152 men, employed by medium‐sized private sector companies in Turkey. The Globe Leadership scale was used in the questionnaire to measure the managers' leadership styles.FindingsIt was found that men and women managers have no differences in team‐oriented and participative leadership styles. Besides, significantly, the pre‐managerial and managerial experiences of the women managers have a bigger effect on leadership styles than those of men managers.Research limitations/implicationsThe sampling frame consists of only participants from medium‐sized companies; therefore the results show the opinions of women and men managers from these organizations.Practical implicationsSince it is better able to transfer the pre‐managerial and managerial experiences of women managers on collaborative leadership styles than those of men managers, it requires priority to be given to women managers in these conditions. Consequently, managerial positions that relate to participative and team‐oriented styles may be designed with respect to women managers' strength regarding accelerating the process.Originality/valueThe study adds significantly to the published body of knowledge. Its findings reflect the valuable contribution that managerial experience makes as a vital indicator for gender‐based analysis of leadership styles in Turkey.
Could business cycles and economic crises smooth out at a reasonable cost?
Authors: Vergos Konstantinos P. , Mylonakis John , Christopoulos Apostolos G. 
Published: May 2010

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate the effect of macroeconomic factors in income growth, as defined by IS‐LM, and the relation between these factors and economic cycles. More precisely, the paper aims to investigate how the demand and supply factors affect income growth, while the relation between these factors and economic cycles is also examined.Design/methodology/approachThe sample under examination is the annual US data for 1928‐2007, using the official data as released in the US Bureau of Economic Analysis, while for the crises the used data have been provided by the National Bureau of Economic Research, Graduate Center of the City University of New York. The Business Cycles were examined, using the methodology developed by the National Bureau of Economic Research, Graduate Center of the City University of New York.FindingsThe research findings imply that government consumption expenditure growth is the most important factor that affects Gross Domestic Product growth positively. A change of 10 percent in Government consumption leads to 1.65 percent Gross Domestic Product growth. Also, the duration of crises is affected by lowering interest rates, while being also affected by government and personal consumption. Overall, the empirical findings of the study indicate that the role of private investments for Gross Domestic Product growth may be overrated among policy makers, given the low contribution of this factor to Gross Domestic Product growth.Research limitations/implicationsThe model used has some limitations. First, it does not examine the effect of a policy over Gross Domestic Product growth in longer time‐spans. Second, it does not investigate factor inter‐reactions. It could also be argued that other factors that would stimulate growth or affect crisis are not accounted for, such as wars, tax policies, international trade and population growth. Finally, the model investigates only the US economy; therefore, it could be argued that the findings may not coincide with findings from other economies.Originality/valueThe paper contributes to the economics literature by adding a further insight into the possible mix of policy that could be followed by regulatory authorities and governments for both the boost of economy and the finalization of economic crises.
Lessons to be learned
Authors: Pignatel Isabelle , Brown Alistair 
Published: May 2010

PurposeThis paper aims to examine the contribution made to climate change issues by the élite French accounting journals ofLa Revue Francophone de ComptabilitéandComptabilité, Contrôle, Audit, for the period 2000‐2005.Design/methodology/approachThe climate change contributions made by top French to top Anglo‐Saxon journals are compared.FindingsWhile Anglo Saxon élite journals place the natural environment outside the fold of the élite accounting academia, French élite accounting organs infuse climate change issues with subtle motives and meanings, providing symbolic power to a plethora of communicators who want to show that accounting can respond to the global environmental risks caused by human problems.Originality/valueStress is placed on the fact that Anglo‐Saxon accounting academics approve and endorse the present system of accounting journal ranking. It does not rank France's top journals very highly and makes no room for discourses outside the mainstream.