bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Doublecortin‐positive cells in the adult primate cerebral cortex and possible role in brain plasticity and development
Authors: Bloch Jocelyne , Kaeser Mélanie , Sadeghi Yalda , Rouiller Eric M. , Redmond D. Eugene , Brunet Jean‐François 
Published: December 2010

AbstractWe have demonstrated that cortical cell autografts might be a useful therapy in two monkey models of neurological disease: motor cortex lesion and Parkinson's disease. However, the origin of the useful transplanted cells obtained from cortical biopsies is not clear. In this report we describe the expression of doublecortin (DCX) in these cells based on reverse‐transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) and immunodetection in the adult primate cortex and cell cultures. The results showed that DCX‐positive cells were present in the whole primate cerebral cortex and also expressed glial and/or neuronal markers such as glial fibrillary protein (GFAP) or neuronal nuclei (NeuN). We also demonstrated that only DCX/GFAP positive cells were able to proliferate and originate progenitor cells in vitro. We hypothesize that these DCX‐positive cells in vivo have a role in cortical plasticity and brain reaction to injury. Moreover, in vitro these DCX‐positive cells have the potential to reacquire progenitor characteristics that confirm their potential for brain repair. J. Comp. Neurol. 519:775–789, 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Computational hemodynamics framework for the analysis of cerebral aneurysms
Authors: Mut Fernando , Löhner Rainald , Chien Aichi , Tateshima Satoshi , Viñuela Fernando , Putman Christopher , Cebral Juan R. 
Published: December 2010

AbstractAssessing the risk of rupture of intracranial aneurysms is important for clinicians because the natural rupture risk can be exceeded by the small but significant risk carried by current treatments. To this end numerous investigators have used image‐based computational fluid dynamics models to extract patient‐specific hemodynamics information, but there is no consensus on which variables or hemodynamic characteristics are the most important. This paper describes a computational framework to study and characterize the hemodynamic environment of cerebral aneurysms in order to relate it to clinical events, such as growth or rupture. In particular, a number of hemodynamic quantities are proposed to describe the most salient features of these hemodynamic environments. Application to a patient population indicates that ruptured aneurysms tend to have concentrated inflows, concentrated wall shear stress distributions, high maximal wall shear stress, and smaller viscous dissipation ratios than unruptured aneurysms. Furthermore, these statistical associations are largely unaffected by the choice of physiologic flow conditions. This confirms the notion that hemodynamic information derived from image‐based computational models can be used to assess aneurysm rupture risk, to test hypotheses about the mechanisms responsible for aneurysm formation, progression, and rupture, and to answer specific clinical questions. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Community recognition and beliefs about anorexia nervosa and its treatment
Authors: Darby Anita M. , Hay Phillipa J. , Mond Jonathan M. , Quirk Frances 
Published: December 2010

AbstractObjective:Mental Health Literacy (MHL), namely recognition, and beliefs about treatment concerning Anorexia Nervosa (AN) were examined in a community sample of male and female (n = 983) aged 15–94 years.Method:A vignette describing a women suffering from the symptoms of AN was presented, followed by a respondent‐based structured interview concerning recognition of the problem and treatment beliefs.Results:The majority of participants could identify the problem as that of an eating disorder, although only 16.1% could specifically identify it as AN. Many also believed the problem was primarily one of low self‐esteem (32.5%). General practitioners and psychiatrists or psychologists were considered the most helpful treatment providers, while obtaining information about the problem and available services, followed by family therapy, were considered the most helpful treatments. Less than one‐third of participants believed complete recovery was possible. Better AN MHL was found in younger, higher educated, and metropolitan domiciled females.Discussion:This study offers encouraging results in regard to AN MHL. In particular, there was moderate regard for the use of mental health specialists in the treatment of the disorder. However, there appears to be a misconception that AN is largely the manifestation of low self‐esteem and confusion concerning the distinction between AN and bulimia nervosa. AN MHL was poorer in males and those with higher social and health disadvantage. © 2010 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (Int J Eat Disord 2012)
By how much will the proposed new DSM‐5 criteria increase the prevalence of binge eating disorder?
Authors: Hudson James I. , Coit Caitlin E. , Lalonde Justine K. , Pope Harrison G. 
Published: December 2010

AbstractObjective:To estimate how much the prevalence of binge eating disorder will increase under the new proposed DSM‐5 criteria, which relax the requirements for the frequency and duration of eating binges.Method:Interview data from a nonclinical sample of 888 first‐degree relatives who had participated in a family study of binge eating disorder were analyzed. The probands in this study (not included in this analysis) had been selected to either have binge eating disorder or no history of eating binges.Results:The increase in the prevalence of binge eating disorder using the proposed DSM‐5 criteria relative to the DSM‐IV criteria was 2.9% in women and 3.0% men for lifetime prevalence, and 7.7% in women and 0% in men for the point prevalence.Discussion:Changes in frequency and duration of binge episodes proposed for DSM‐5 will likely have only a minimal effect on the prevalence of binge eating disorder. © 2010 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (Int J Eat Disord 2012)
Memory precursor phenotype of CD8+ T cells reflects early antigenic experience rather than memory numbers in a model of localized acute influenza infection
Authors: Croom Hayley A. , Denton Alice E. , Valkenburg Sophie A. , Swan Natasha G. , Olson Matthew R. , Turner Stephen J. , Doherty Peter C. , Kedzierska Katherine 
Published: December 2010

AbstractThe mechanistic basis of memory T‐cell development is poorly defined. Phenotypic markers that define precursors at effector stages have been characterized for acute systemic infections with high antigen load. We asked whether such markers can identify memory precursors from early effectors (d6) to late memory (>d500) for two immunodominant CD8+ responses during the course of a localized low‐load influenza infection in mice. CD8+ T cells stained with the DbNP366 and DbPA224 tetramers were characterized as IL‐7Rαhi, IL‐7RαhiCD62Lhi or IL‐7RαhiKLRG1lo. While the DbNP366‐ and DbPA224‐specific responses were comparable in size, decay kinetics and memory precursor frequency, their expansion characteristics differed. This correlated with a divergence in the IL‐7Rαhi, IL‐7RαhiCD62Lhi and IL‐7RαhiKLRG1lo phenotypes on effector, but not naïve, CD8+ populations. That effect was abrogated by priming with viruses engineered to present equivalent levels of NP366 and PA224 peptides, indicating that memory phenotypes reflect early antigenic experience rather than memory potential. Thus, the IL‐7RαhiKLRG1lo phenotype had a poor predictive value in identifying memory precursors in the spleen and at the site of infection. Greater consistency in influenza‐specific IL‐7RαhiKLRG1loCD8+ T‐cell numbers was found in draining lymph nodes, suggesting that this may be the preferential site for memory establishment and maintenance following localized virus infections.
Two‐dimensional separation system by on‐line hyphenation of capillary isoelectric focusing with pressurized capillary electrochromatography for peptide and protein mapping
Authors: Wei Juan , Gu Xue , Wang Yan , Wu Yi , Yan Chao 
Published: December 2010

AbstractA novel on‐line 2‐D system was developed for peptide and protein mapping. The system combines capillary IEF (cIEF) with pressurized CEC (pCEC) using a micro‐injection valve as the interface. Sample fractions, which were focused and separated in the first‐dimension cIEF based on their differences in pIs, were electrically mobilized and further successively resolved by their differences in size, hydrophobicity, and electrophoretic mobility in the second‐dimension pCEC. In the presented system, the valve interface was free of the external electric field in two dimensions for the purpose of stabilization, safety, and facilitating manipulation. In the first dimension, cIEF separation was executed by a one‐step method to simplify the operation procedure. Moreover, a home‐made electrical decoupler was introduced to isolate the micro‐injection valve from the cIEF electric field. For the second dimension, taking advantage of the combination of hydrodynamic flow with EOF, reversed‐phase pCEC not only offers on‐column refocusing the effluent fractions, but also brings enhanced separation resolution and elution speed. Separation effectiveness of this 2‐D system was demonstrated by the analysis of tryptic digest of BSA and human red blood cell lysate. A theoretical peak capacity of approximately 24 000 has been achieved for BSA digest, which proves its promising potential for the application in proteomics.
Sensitized phenotypic screening identifies gene dosage sensitive region on chromosome 11 that predisposes to disease in mice
Authors: Ermakova Olga , Piszczek Lukasz , Luciani Luisa , Cavalli Florence M. G. , Ferreira Tiago , Farley Dominika , Rizzo Stefania , Paolicelli Rosa Chiara , Al‐Banchaabouchi Mumna , Nerlov Claus , Moriggl Richard , Luscombe Nicholas M. , Gross Cornelius 
Published: December 2010

AbstractThe identification of susceptibility genes for human disease is a major goal of current biomedical research. Both sequence and structural variation have emerged as major genetic sources of phenotypic variability and growing evidence points to copy number variation as a particularly important source of susceptibility for disease. Here we propose and validate a strategy to identify genes in which changes in dosage alter susceptibility to disease‐relevant phenotypes in the mouse. Our approach relies on sensitized phenotypic screening of megabase‐sized chromosomal deletion and deficiency lines carrying altered copy numbers of ∼30 linked genes. This approach offers several advantages as a method to systematically identify genes involved in disease susceptibility. To examine the feasibility of such a screen, we performed sensitized phenotyping in five therapeutic areas (metabolic syndrome, immune dysfunction, atherosclerosis, cancer and behaviour) of a 0.8 Mb reciprocal chromosomal duplication and deficiency on chromosome 11 containing 27 genes. Gene dosage in the region significantly affected risk for high‐fat diet‐induced metabolic syndrome, antigen‐induced immune hypersensitivity, ApoE‐induced atherosclerosis, and home cage activity. Follow up studies on individual gene knockouts for two candidates in the region showed that copy number variation inStat5was responsible for the phenotypic variation in antigen‐induced immune hypersensitivity and metabolic syndrome. These data demonstrate the power of sensitized phenotypic screening of segmental aneuploidy lines to identify disease susceptibility genes.See accompanying Closeup by Cesar P. Canales and Katherina Walz, DOI10.1002/emmm.201000111
Lateral erosion of the Sacramento River, California (1942–1999), and responses of channel and floodplain lake to human influences
Authors: Michalková M. , Piégay H. , Kondolf G.M. , Greco S.E. 
Published: December 2010

AbstractThis study focused on a spatial and temporal analysis of the active channel and associated floodplain lakes using aerial photographs spanning five decades (1942, 1962, 1985, 1999) over a 140 km long reach of the Sacramento. Planimetric changes were analysed longitudinally and temporally to highlight the spatial structures and their evolution through time. The results underline complex changes and space–time pattern in bank erosion, channel length and active channel width. The bank erosion and also channel lengthening were higher between 1962 and 1985 than in the two periods studied before and after. Active channel width significantly decreased from 1942 to 1999; partly progressively from upstream to downstream with local widening whatever the studied periods. Similarly the floodplain lakes observed before 1942–1962 were significantly different in size and geometry from those which appeared during the most recent period. The creation of lakes is less frequent after the 1940s, with a secondary peak of occurrence during the 1962–1985 period. The interpretation of these changes is complex because of various human pressures acting over different time scales (bank protection, flow diversion, sediment starvation, land‐use changes) and various natural influences (flood sequences through out the period, geological setting). The findings are discussed by comparison with previous work, and highlight the important effect of dam impact on peak flow and sediment starvation modifying longitudinally hydraulic conditions within the channel, but also the increase in riprap protection which induced change in bank erosion, channel planimetry and floodplain lake characters (geometry, frequency of renewal). Variation in flood intensities is also observed as having positive effects on the bank erosion pattern. Secondarily, land‐use changes also controlled bank erosion intensity. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The capacity of switchgrass (Panicum virgatum) to degrade atrazine in a phytoremediation setting
Authors: Murphy Ian J , Coats Joel R 
Published: December 2010

Abstract
Atrazine is a widely used herbicide in agriculture. Non-point source contamination of groundwater and drinking water may pose a significant threat to humans, wildlife, and the environment. Phytoremediation may provide a cost-effective strategy for reducing non-point source contamination of atrazine from agricultural runoff. Previous studies have shown that the rhizosphere of the native prairie grass, switchgrass (Panicum virgatum) is capable of enhancing the degradation of atrazine in soils. Biodegradation also may occur within the plant biomass; however, the extent to which this occurs has not been studied. We hypothesize that switchgrass has the capacity to degrade atrazine in vivo, in addition to the microbial biotransformation that occurs in its rhizosphere. The goals of this study were to characterize the ability of switchgrass to take up atrazine from soils, quantify the amount of biodegradation occurring in the plant, and quantify the amount of degradation occurring in the rhizosphere. Switchgrass seedlings were transplanted into autoclaved and non-autoclaved sand containing 10 µg/g atrazine in sand. Treatments were sacrificed on days 0, 3, and 7. Sand and plant tissue extracts were analyzed by gas chromatography to determine the concentration of atrazine and metabolites in sand and plant tissues. Results demonstrated that leaf biomass is capable of detoxifying atrazine, because metabolites were present in leaf material and not in the sand or root. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2011; 30:715–722. © 2011 SETAC
A pressure correction‐volume of fluid method for simulation of two‐phase flows
Authors: Lin San‐Yih , Chin Ya‐Hsien , Wu Chun‐Muh , Lin Jeng‐Feng , Chen Yi‐Cheng 
Published: December 2010

AbstractA pressure correction method coupled with the volume of fluid (VOF) method is developed to simulate two‐phase flows. A volume fraction function is introduced in the VOF method and is governed by an advection equation. A modified monotone upwind scheme for a conservation law (modified MUSCL) is used to solve the solution of the advection equation. To keep the initial sharpness of an interface, a slope modification scheme is introduced. The continuum surface tension (CST) model is used to calculate the surface tension force. Three schemes, central‐upwind, Parker–Youngs, and mixed schemes, are introduced to compute the interface normal vector and the gradient of the volume fraction function. Moreover, a height function technique is applied to compute the local curvature of the interface. Several basic test problems are performed to check the order of accuracy of the present numerical schemes for computing the interface normal vector and the gradient of the volume fraction function. Three physical problems, two‐dimensional broken dam problem, static drop, and spurious currents, and three‐dimensional rising bubble, are performed to demonstrate the efficiency and accuracy of the pressure correction method. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Analysis of a Fuel Cell System by a Step Response
Authors: Jung M. , Ashford M. D. , Williams K. A. 
Published: December 2010

AbstractA simple method for analysing a fuel cell system using the voltage response to a step change in load resistance is presented in this work. With the modified Randles model, where two resistors and two capacitors are implemented for the Warburg impedance, the response curve is fitted with three exponential curves. Six independent equations corresponding to six parameters of the model can be obtained from the fitted values, and they are solved under two specific assumptions for the initial state. The parameters are the charge double layer capacitance, the charge transfer resistance, a resistor–capacitor pair related to gas diffusion and another pair related to water diffusion. A down curve of the voltage for the step down change in load and an up curve for the step up change are fitted and parameters for both cases are evaluated separately. Analysis is performed by comparing the parameters at different current levels. The impedance is also simulated using the estimated parameters in order to show which parameter is the rate‐determining factor of the fuel cell reaction with increasing current levels.
Planar Solid Oxide Fuel Cell: Electrolyte Deposited by Reactive Magnetron Sputtering and Cell Test
Authors: Coddet P. , Pera M.‐C. , Billard A. 
Published: December 2010

AbstractIn this work the deposition of a thin YSZ electrolyte layer (< 10 μm) on a porous anode substrate is performed by sputtering Zr–Y metallic targets in argon–oxygen reactive gas mixtures under unstable deposition conditions. A plasma emission monitoring system is used to ensure a high deposition rate of the ceramic film. The deposition parameters are optimised in order to obtain a good compromise between quality, density and deposition rate for coatings realised under unstable conditions.After a short description of the experimental setup, the characterisation of the YSZ coatings is performed using scanning electron microscopy, X‐ray diffraction and permeability measurements. Then a complete cell incorporating a thin YSZ electrolyte layer (6.2 ± 0.3 μm thick) obtained by magnetron sputtering is manufactured and tested. This single planar solid oxide fuel cell exhibits a power density of 560 mW cm–2under a voltage of 0.7 V at 800 °C and a maximal power density of 660 mW cm–2is reached.
Risk factors for postoperative cognitive and functional difficulties in abdominal aortic aneurysm patients: a three month follow‐up
Authors: Wallbridge Harold R. , Benoit Archie G. , Staley Douglas , Ediger Jason P. , Campbell Barry I. 
Published: December 2010

AbstractBackgroundCognitive impairment and deficits in functional performance are major concerns following surgery, particularly for older patients. The objective of this study was to examine predictors of postoperative cognitive and functional difficulties and explore the relationship between presurgery and postsurgery cognitive ability and functional performance.Methods89 patients undergoing elective abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) surgery were administered a battery of cognitive measures preoperatively, at the time of discharge from hospital and 3 months postoperatively. Functional performance was evaluated by the Portland Adaptability Inventory (PAI), both pre and postsurgery. Symptoms of delirium were assessed during the first six postoperative days.ResultsA diagnosis of delirium had a mild effect on functional performance 3 months postoperatively. The strongest predictors of postoperative functional performance were the level of functioning presurgery, a longer length of hospital stay and the total number of days delirious. Cognitive impairment postsurgery was predicted by presurgery cognitive measures of verbal memory and psychomotor speed performance and the total number of days delirious.ConclusionsFunctional performance outcomes for AAA patients 3 months postsurgery revealed no significant loss of functioning relative to presurgery levels, although longer length of hospital stay and greater number of days delirious was associated with somewhat poorer outcome on indicators of social and physical functioning. Cognitive impairment postoperatively was fairly mild but when it was found it was associated with number of days delirious and preoperative deficits in verbal memory and psychomotor speed. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Development of consensus guidelines for venous thromboembolism prophylaxis in patients undergoing microvascular reconstruction of the mandible
Authors: Deleyiannis Frederic W.‐B. , Clavijo‐Alvarez Julio A. , Pullikkotil Benson , Zanoun Rami , Behringer Tiffany , Chong Tae W. , Rubin J. Peter , Johnson Jonas T. 
Published: December 2010

AbstractBackgroundThe purpose of this study was to determine how guidelines for venous thromboembolism prophylaxis can be applied to patients undergoing microsurgical reconstruction of the mandible.MethodsRetrospective review of our institutional use of thromboprophylaxis and the associated outcomes in 114 patients (58 free fibular flaps and 56 osteocutaneous radial forearm flaps).ResultsTwenty‐two patients (19.3%) received only intermittent pneumatic compression. Overall, 80.7% received postoperative chemoprophylaxis. Sixty‐four percent initiated chemoprophylaxis within 24 hours after surgery. Only 13.2% received the recommended frequency of chemoprophylaxis. One patient had development of a pulmonary embolism. Four patients undergoing chemoprophylaxis had development of neck hematomas; in each case the cause of bleeding could be attributed to a cause distinct from chemoprophylaxis.ConclusionsNo consistent chemoprophylaxis protocol was followed. Chemoprophylaxis was not associated with an increased risk of bleeding. Physician education is the next step in decreasing variations in chemoprophylaxis and adopting guidelines similar to The American College of Chest Physicians. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2011
Localization‐specific LKB1 loss in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma metastasis
Authors: Kline Erik R. , Muller Susan , Pan Lin , Tighiouart Mourad , Chen Zhuo (Georgia) , Marcus Adam I. 
Published: December 2010

AbstractBackgroundLKB1 loss is associated with invasive carcinoma and metastasis. In head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), lymph node metastasis status is the strongest predictor of survival.MethodsLKB1 immunohistochemistry was performed on primary tumors from patients with HNSCC who never developed metastases, patients with metastases, and their paired lymph node metastasis to determine whether LKB1 was associated with HNSCC metastasis.ResultsLKB1 was expressed in the nucleus and cytoplasm of tumor cells and HNSCC cell lines. Primary tumors from patients with metastatic carcinoma had decreased nuclear, but not cytoplasmic, LKB1 compared to patients with nonmetastatic cancer. Nuclear LKB1 levels correlated with lymph node metastasis grade and primary tumor site. The percentage of tumor cells negative for nuclear LKB1 staining was greatest in the primary metastatic tumor group, and decreased nuclear LKB1 trended toward worse disease‐free survival.ConclusionDecreased nuclear LKB1 levels correlate with HNSCC metastasis and suggest a nuclear function of LKB1 in repressing HNSCC metastasis. Head Neck, 2010