bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
THE MECHANISM OF SPERM PRECEDENCE IN THE SPRUCE BUDWORM,CHORISTONEURA FUMIFERANA(LEPIDOPTERA: TORTRICIDAE)
Authors: Retnakaran Arthur 
Published: December 2009

AbstractThe mechanism of sperm precedence in the spruce budworm was studied using a genetic marker. When female moths with red-eyes, a recessive trait, are mated twice within a day, first with a red-eyed male followed by a black-eyed male, three types of offspring were observed in theF1generation. Some females produced only red-eyed offspring; another group produced only black-eyed progeny; a third group produced a mixture of both types. This indicates that sperms received from either or both matings may be utilized. The time interval between successive sperm transfers appears to be the underlying factor that determines sperm precedence in this insect; a hypothesis to explain this phenomenon is presented.
THE WESTERN CHERRY FRUIT FLY, RHAGOLETIS INDIFFERENS (DIPTERA: TEPHRITIDAE): 2. AGGRESSIVE BEHAVIOR
Authors: AliNiazee M. T. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractAggressive behavior of the western cherry fruit fly studied both under laboratory and field conditions indicates that males are extremely territorial, especially in the field, where they do not tolerate the presence of another fly on a cherry unless the invader is a mating partner. Under confined laboratory conditions, the sense of territoriality was markedly reduced. Aggressive behavior in this insect included a wing jerking display, head-on collision, and "boxing" (fight involving prothoracic legs).
SOME OBSERVATIONS ON METRIOPTERA ROESELII (GRYLLOPTERA: TETTIGONIIDAE) IN MAINE, NEW HAMPSHIRE, AND MASSACHUSETTS
Authors: Ede E. K. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractMetrioptera (Roeseliana) roeselii (Hgb.) was first introduced into the Montreal, Que., area before 1952. By 1965 it had been collected in western and southern New York State. This paper records it from Maine, Massachusetts, and New Hampshire for the first time, and discusses the populations. Eventual establishment of M. roeselii over all of New England is predicted.
PEMPHIGUS SPIROTHECAE (HOMOPTERA: APHIDOIDEA), AN APHID WHICH CAUSES SPIRAL GALLS ON POPLAR IN QUEBEC
Authors: Alleyne E. H. , Morrison F. O. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractPemphigus spirothecae Passerini, a member of the subfamily Eriosomatinae, was collected in large numbers from spiral galls on lombardy poplars in Quebec during 1972 and 1973. This aphid is well known in Europe but has not been reported previously from North America. It has a monoecious life cycle.
PARASITOIDS ASSOCIATED WITH THE LARGE ASPEN TORTRIX, CHORISTONEURA CONFLICTANA (LEPIDOPTERA: TORTRICIDAE), IN INTERIOR ALASKA
Authors: Torgersen Torolf R. , Beckwith Roy C. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractTwenty-four species of parasitoids were found associated with the large aspen tortrix in interior Alaska. Keys are supplied for determining adults and, in the absence of adults, the parasitoids based on host stage and on late-instar larval remains. Brief biological and descriptive notes are given for each species appearing in the key.
NEW GENERA, SPECIES AND GENERIC TRANSFERS OF NEOTROPICAL ODONTIINAE (LEPIDOPTERA: PYRALIDAE)
Authors: Munroe Eugene 
Published: December 2009

AbstractThe following new genera and species are described: Alatuncusiodes n. gen., type-species A. korytkowskii n. sp., Peru; Argyrarcha n. gen., type-species Boeotarcha margarita Warren, of which Hyaloplaga ankarampotsyalis Viette is a synonym; Mecynarcha n. gen., type-species Mecyna apicalis Hampson; Cymbopteryx pseudobelialis n. sp., Bolivia; Cymbopteryx diffusa n. sp., Mexico; Noctueliopsis decolorata n. sp., Baja California, Mexico; Noctueliopsis grandis n. sp., Baja California, Mexico. Scybalista subductalis Walker is transferred to Alatuncusia Amsel; Thelcteria ysticalis Dyar is transferred to Schacontia Dyar; Edia extralinea Dyar is transferred provisionally to Cymbopteryx Munroe.
THE MACROTYPE EGGS OF TACHINIDAE (DIPTERA) ON HELIOTHIS SPP. (LEPIDOPTERA: NOCTUIDAE) IN NORTH CAROLINA
Authors: Danks H. V. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractA key to macrotype tachinid eggs, actually or potentially occurring on larvae of Heliothis spp. in North Carolina, is provided, based primarily on eggs from reared and trapped gravid adults. This key is probably valid for most of the southeastern United States. Eggs of Winthemiini are described (the common Heliothis parasites Winthemia rufopicta (Big.) and W. sinuata Reinh., and also W. manducae Sabrosky and DeLoach, W. datanae (Tns.), and Nemorilla pyste (Walk.)).
LIFE STAGES AND DEVELOPMENT OF MONARTHRUM FASCIATUM (COLEOPTERA: SCOLYTIDAE) IN DYING AND DEAD OAK TREES
Authors: Roling M. P. , Kearby W. H. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractThe life history of Monarthrum fasciatum was studied from 1971 through 1973 on oak in Missouri. Three generations of the beetle were observed each year and the measurements of the life stages and the gallery components were recorded. The female to male ratio was approximately 2:1. No relationship was found between oak-wilt-killed trees and M. fasciatum.
TOXICITY OF CARBAMATE AND ORGANOPHOSPHORUS INSECTICIDE RESIDUES ABSORBED BY RUTABAGAS GROWN IN TREATED SOIL
Authors: Read D. C. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractThe toxicity of residues of three carbamate and nine organophosphorus insecticides in rutabaga, measured by bioassay with larvae of Hylemya brassicae (Bouché), for periods from 60 days after drilling (when roots were 5 to 6 cm diam.) until 150 days after harvest (roots in storage at 4 °C) are presented graphically. The insecticides were applied 3 to 4 cm below the soil surface in a 10 cm band at several rates ranging from 2.8 to 33.6 kg a.i./ha. Maximum toxicity for carbofuran and fensulfothion residues occurred within 75 days of drilling followed by a steady decline. Conversely, the toxicity of residues of trichloronat and chlorpyrifos increased steadily over the growing period with little or no decline during storage. The remaining insecticides exhibited toxicity patterns between these extremes. At high rates, phytotoxicity was recorded for all compounds except trichloronat and fonofos. Phytotoxicity was so severe with AC64475 ((2-diethoxyphosphinylimino)-1,3-dithietane) that all plants were destroyed with rates in excess of 11.2 kg a.i./acre. AC64475 was the most toxic insecticide to H. brassicae larvae. The nine organophosphorus insecticides included in these tests were mostly concentrated in the peel of rutabaga, whereas the carbamates were mostly concentrated in the pulp.
TRANSFER OF CYBALOMIA ANGUSTALIS DOGNIN TO UDEA GUENÉE, WITH DESCRIPTION OF A RELATED NEW SPECIES (LEPIDOPTERA: PYRALIDAE)
Authors: Munroe Eugene 
Published: December 2009

AbstractCybalomia angustalis Dognin is transferred to Vdea Guenée; Udea annectans n. sp. is described from Bolivia.
SEX ATTRACTANTS FOR TWO SPECIES OF WESTERN SPRUCE BUDWORM, CHORISTONEURA BIENNIS AND C. VIRIDIS (LEPIDOPTERA: TORTRICIDAE)
Authors: Sanders C. J. , Daterman G. E. , Shepherd R. F. , Cerezke H. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractField trials were conducted in British Columbia and Oregon in 1972, which demonstrated that trans-11-tetradecenal, a sex attractant for male Choristoneura fumiferana and C. occidentalis, is also a sex attractant for male 2-year-cycle spruce budworm, C. biennis, and that trans-11-tetradecenyl acetate is a sex attractant for male green budworm, C. viridis Free.
AGGREGATING BEHAVIOR OF UMBONIA CRASSICORNIS (HOMOPTERA: MEMBRACIDAE)
Authors: Wood T. K. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractIndividuals of Umbonia crassicornis Amyot and Serville (Homoptera: Membracidae) form aggregations both as nymphs and adults. Each adult female deposits one set of eggs and remains with them. Prior to egg hatching the female moves off the egg mass and makes a series of spiral bark slits with the ovipositor. First instar nymphs aggregate along these slits with the female positioned below the cluster. Adult females use the front tarsi to stroke the backs of moving nymphs to return them to the aggregation.Adult females remain with the nymphs until they become adults. Aggregations of adults fragment when sexually mature; mating takes place before and during dispersal. Mating behavior consists of four components, the precopulatory position being prolonged.
EXORISTOBIA PHILIPPINENSIS, A HYMENOPTERAN ENDOPARASITE OF PUPARIA OF SYNANTHROPIC FLIES (HYMENOPTERA: ENCYRTIDAE: I. HISTOLOGICAL STUDIES OF ITS LIFE CYCLE
Authors: Ho Beng-Chuan , Kan Sau-Pheng , Chan Kai-Lok , Sih Agnes , LeRoux E. J. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractThs paper describes and illustrates, with photomicrographs, the gross histological development of stages of the endoparasitoid Exoristobia philippinensis Ashmead in the puparia of three synanthropic flies under laboratory conditions. The major organ systems, especially nervous, digestive, reproductive and respiratory are traced.
FIRST CANADIAN RECORD OF CORETHRELLA BRAKELEYI (DIPTERA: CHAOBORIDAE)
Authors: Ellis R. A. , Wood D. M. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractCorethrella brakeleyi (Coquillett), a haemophagous chaoborid, is recorded for the first time in Canada. Among the insects associated with the larvae of C. brakeleyi was Culiseta melanura (Coq.), a new addition to the mosquito fauna of Quebec.
VISUAL AND ACOUSTICAL COMMUNICATIVE BEHAVIOUR IN DISSOSTEIRA CAROLINA (ORTHOPTERA: ACRIDIDAE)
Authors: Kerr Gordon E. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractThe visual–acoustic signal system of Dissosteira carolina (L.) is described from field and laboratory observations. The form and occurrence of seven visual signals, seven visual–acoustic signals, and three behaviour patterns with possible signal function are described. The functions of these signals are discussed and a new functional category (interaction terminating) is proposed.
EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT GROWTH FACTORS ON THE POTATO APHID,MACROSIPHUM EUPHORBIAE(APHIDIDAE: HOMOPTERA), FED ON AN ARTIFICIAL DIET
Authors: Chawla S. S. , Perron J.-M. , Cloutier M. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractMacrosiphum euphorbiae(Thomas) was fed on artificial diets containing coumarin, phloridzin, kinetin, kinetin riboside, royal jelly, ALAR-85, and chlorogenic acid. Incorporation of chlorogenic acid in the artificial diet improved the growth of the potato aphid which was studied up to 17 generations. Coumarin and kinetin riboside at higher concentrations inhibited growth whereas phloridzin prolonged the developmental period of aphids in the second and third generations. The inhibitory effect of ALAR-85 and kinetin became apparent in the third and second generation nymphs, respectively, which did not reach the adult stage. Addition of royal jelly neither enhanced growth nor fecundity ofM.euphorbiae.
THE OCCURRENCE OF (E)-11-TETRADECEN-1-OL, A KNOWN SEX ATTRACTANT INHIBITOR, IN THE ABDOMINAL TIPS OF VIRGIN FEMALE EASTERN SPRUCE BUDWORM, CHORISTONEURA FUMIFERANA (LEPIDOPTERA: TORTRICIDAE)
Authors: Weatherston J. , Maclean W. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractThe sex-pheromone-producing gland of the eastern spruce budworm, in addition to producing the sex attractant (E)-11-tetradecenal, has been shown by gas chromatographic and mass spectral data to contain (E)-11-tetradecen-1-ol, a known inhibitor to the sex attractant.
MITE (ACARINA) POPULATIONS IN RING-BILLED GULL NESTS
Authors: Freitag R. , Ryder J. P. , Wanson P. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractMites collected from 69Larus delawarensisOrd nests on Granite Island, Lake Superior, northwestern Ontario, during the summers of 1972 and 1973 showed phenological relationships with the breeding cycle of the gulls. The populations of five selected mite genera varied in relation to nest initiation, egg laying, and egg hatching periods of the gulls. Moisture within the nests significantly affected mite population densities, whereas nest density did not.
A COLLECTING METHOD FOR PUPAE OF LAMBDINA FISCELLARIA FISCELLARIA (LEPIDOPTERA: GEOMETRIDAE)
Authors: Otvos Imre S. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractThree types of traps were tested in 1969 and 1970 for collecting pupae of the eastern hemlock looper, Lambdina fiscellaria fiscellaria (Guen.). Highest numbers of pupae were obtained with burlap traps made from 2-ft-wide bands wrapped around trunks of infested trees. The proportion of the pupae in the burlap traps was estimated. Some of the potential uses for pupae collected by the method are mentioned.
ASPECTS OF THE ECOLOGY OF APPLE LEAF ROLLERS (LEPIDOPTERA: TORTRICIDAE) IN THE OKANAGAN VALLEY, BRITISH COLUMBIA
Authors: Mayer D. F. , Beirne B. P. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractPopulations of leaf rollers on apple can be influenced by the proximity of alternative host plants, notably rose, privet, and antelope bush, in part because larval dispersal is common. Indications are that leaf roller population increases caused by parasite decreases are ultimate consequences of pesticide treatments, so that reductions in spray programs will not necessarily cause potential leaf roller pests to become actual pests. The composition of the leaf roller fauna on apple m the Okanagan Valley becomes increasingly complex as the environmental water balance is changed by cultivation and irrigation. There are indications that heavy vehicular traffic can be harmful to leaf rollers and their parasites nearby.
EVALUATION OF BACILLUS THURINGIENSIS AGAINST ARCHIPS ROSANUS (LEPIDOPTERA: TORTRICIDAE)
Authors: AliNiazee M. T. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractThree formulations of Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner, preparation Thuricide® were evaluated against a commonly occurring leafroller, Archips rosanus (L.), on filberts. In the laboratory at 26.7 ± 1 °C, all larvae died within 7 days after feeding for 48 h on filbert leaves treated with dust and wettable formulations. With aqueous concentrate, the mortality was slightly less. Insect susceptibility was markedly reduced when the length of feeding exposure period was decreased. In the field, the infestation of A. rosanus was significantly reduced within a week after treatment in almost all the treated plots. Larval mortality continued for about 4 weeks. Under western Oregon conditions, dust treatments were slightly better than wettable or aqueous concentrate formulations.
A SYNOPSIS OF THEREDIMICULAGROUP OF THE GENUSEUXOAHBN. (LEPIDOPTERA: NOCTUIDAE) WITH A COMPUTER ANALYSIS OF GENITALIC CHARACTERS
Authors: Lafontaine J. D. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractAn examination of the female genitalia of forms belonging to theredimiculacomplex of the genusEuxoadisclosed that the group consists of four species,redimicula(Morrison),servita(Smith),auripennisnew species, andarizonensisnew species. Diagnostic characters of the species in the group are discussed. A discriminant analysis was successfully used on characters of the male genitalia to segregate the males. A key to females and males of the species and subspecies of theredimiculagroup is included.
CHANGES IN SYNONYMY IN ORCHELIMUM AUDINET-SERVILLE, 1838 (GRYLLOPTERA: TETTIGONIOIDEA: CONOCEPHALIDAE)
Authors: Vickery V. R. , Johnstone D. E. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractDiscovery of the "lost types" of Xiphidium glaberrimum Burmeister, 1838, has made possible the clarification of use of several names which have been used for two species of Orchelimum. O. glaberrimum is shown to be the senior synonym for the species known as O. vulgare Harris, 1841. To preserve stability, an application has been made to the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature to suppress both glaberrimum Burmeister and cuticulare Audinet-Serville, 1838. O. erythrocephalum Davis, 1905, is removed from synonymy with O. glaberrimum, and is the valid name for that species. Characters for distinguishing vulgare and erythrocephalum are discussed and illustrated. Type specimens are designated for glaberrimum, cuticulare, and vulgare.
THE FUNCTIONS OF COPPER IN THE HOUSE CRICKET AND THE RELATION OF COPPER TO VITAMIN E
Authors: McFarlane J. E. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractThe addition of copper to an artificial diet improves growth and survival of the house cricket, Acheta domesticus (L.), the optimum concentrations being 2 μg/g for females and 10 μg/g for males. This sex difference in requirements is attributed in part to the accumulation of copper by the larval testis. Adult males showing a loss in pigmentation, the so-called ’albino’ males, are obtained on diets low in copper; the percentage of ’albino’ males is increased by the addition of vitamin E to the diet. The pigmentation effect of vitamin E is explained by movement of copper into the testis, the development of which is stimulated by vitamin E.
NOTES ON THE LIZERINI BLANCHARD WITH DESCRIPTIONS OF NEW LIZERIUS AND PAOLIELLA SPECIES FROM SOUTH AMERICA AND AFRICA (HOMOPTERA: APHIDIDAE)
Authors: Quednau F. W. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractFour species of Lizerius Blanchard, L. cermelii, L. intermedius, L. costai and L. brasiliensis, from South America and four species of Paoliella Theobald, P. reticulosiphon and P. melanocallis from South America, and P. pteleopsidis and P. longirostris from Africa, are described as new. Redescriptions of L. tuberculatus (Blanchard) and P. kenyensis (Eastop) are also given, with keys for the species of Lizerius and Paoliella. Neolizerius is made a synonym of Lizerius. A new subgenus Paralizerius is established. Adhesive vesicles are reported for the two South American Paoliella species. The phylogenetic relationships of the Lizerini are discussed. It is concluded that this tribe branched off from Mindarus–Neophyllaphis-like aphids and that the Schoutedeniini evolved from ancestors that were related to the Lizerini.
FOUR NEW SPECIES OF APHIDS (HOMOPTERA: APHIDIDAE) FROM MANITOBA
Authors: Robinson A. G. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractFour new species of aphids are described from Manitoba: Dactynotus brevitarsus from Solidago sp., Myzus valuliae from wild strawberry, Fragaria vesca L., Amphorophora stolonis from dewberry, Rubus pubescens Raf., and Nasonovia (Hyperomyzus) sandilandica from Crepis tectorum L.
SEX ATTRACTION AND COURTSHIP BEHAVIOR IN LAMBDINA FISCELLARIA LUGUBROSA (LEPIDOPTERA: GEOMETRIDAE)
Authors: Ostaff D. P. , Shepherd R. F. , Borden J. H. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractCalling by female Lambdina fiscellaria lugubrosa (Hulst) occurred when terminal abdominal segments 8–10 were protracted, exposing an enlarged region in the intersegmental membrane between segments 8 and 9. Histological examination of this region disclosed paired glands situated ventrolaterally in the eighth segment. The glands were presumed to be pheromone glands, and differ from those described for other Lepidoptera, in their paired structure and ventrolateral position. More males were attracted to traps containing virgin females than to empty control traps, but only during the first half of the moth flight. Board and yellow carton sticky traps were superior to 3M and white carton traps. Behavioral observations suggested that the sex pheromone may serve as an excitant as well as, or instead of, an attractant, stimulating the male to searching activity.
THERMOREGULATION IN COLONIES OF VESPULA ARENARIA AND VESPULA MACULATA (HYMENOPTERA: VESPIDAE) UNDER NORMAL CONDITIONS AND UNDER COLD STRESS
Authors: Gibo David L. , Yarascavitch Ron M. , Dew Heather E. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractCaptive colonies of Vespula arenaria (Fabricius) and Vespula maculata (Linnaeus) were placed in the field during the summer and fall of 1972. The adults were free to forage, and the colonies developed normally. Nest temperatures were recorded at mid-afternoon, 6 days per week. Once each week, colonies were confined, brought into the laboratory, and placed in a cold room at 5 °C for 4 h. At the end of this period, the nest temperatures were recorded and the colonies returned to the field. Under field conditions, V. arenaria colonies maintained an average daytime nest temperature of 31 °C, and V. maculata colonies maintained an average daytime nest temperature of 29 °C. As they developed, colonies of both species were increasingly capable of resisting cooling at an ambient temperature of 5 °C. This ability to thermoregulate under extreme conditions peaked in early August for V. arenaria and in late August for V. maculata. In both species, the decline in the ability to thermoregulate was associated with the production of reproductives. It appears that the major function of thermoregulation in these two species is to provide a favourable temperature for the development of the young rather than to provide the colony with protection against low ambient temperatures.
SAMPLING POPULATIONS OF PINE LEAF CHERMID PINEUS PINIFOLIAE (HOMOPTERA: CHERMIDAE): III. NEOSISTENTES ON WHITE PINE
Authors: Dimond John B. , Allen Douglas C. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractA population index for the estimation of the neosistens stage of pine leaf chermid on white pine is described. This is based on the observation that increasing numbers of the chermid produce increased stunting of length of pine needles. A regression relating chermid population density to needle length produced a correlation coefficient of −0.88, suggesting that measurements of needle length alone adequately estimate chermid populations under most conditions. The numbers and distribution of needles that must be measured to estimate length with reasonable precision are calculated. The total sampling plan for the four cyclic generations of the chermid is reviewed.
A STUDY OF PHEROMONE TRAP CATCHES IN RELATION TO CODLING MOTH (LEPIDOPTERA: OLETHREUTIDAE) DAMAGE
Authors: Riedl H. , Croft B. A. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractA sex pheromone trap was studied as a quantitative sampling device in a biological monitoring scheme for codling moth populations in Michigan apple orchards. Factors influencing trap efficiency and the relationship of trap catch to adult moth density and the overall seasonal dynamics of L. pomonella are considered.By correlating seasonal male moth catches to absolute infestation levels at harvest it was possible to indicate the density response of male moth catches in the pheromone trap (Sectar 1). Catch response was non-linear and the trap ceased to be indicative of higher infestation levels when accumulative catch exceeded about 100 moths/trap. Also, accumulative trap catches from the first few weeks of the season (before damage appeared) correlated well with eventual infestation levels indicating possible use of the pheromone trap as a predictive tool. Of the many factors influencing trap catch size the number of moth productive trees serviced by a trap (trap/tree ratio) was shown to be of critical importance.
THE EFFECTS OF ZECTRAN ON THE PARASITOIDS OF THE SPRUCE BUDWORM, CHORISTONEURA FUMIFERANA (LEPIDOPTERA: TORTRICIDAE)
Authors: Leonard D. E. , Simmons G. A. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractWhere the insecticide Zectran was used to protect foliage from feeding of the spruce budworm, Choristoneura fumiferana (Clemens) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), the per cent parasitism of dipteran parasitoids (Tachinidae) showed a statistically significant lower value. In treated areas, the per cent parasitism of the hymenopteran Ephialtes ontario (Cresson) (Ichneumonidae) was lower; Meteorus trachynotus Viereck was about the same; Apanteles fumiferanae Viereck, Glypta fumiferanae (Viereck) (Braconidae), and Trichogramma minutum Riley (Trichogrammatidae) were greater. None of these differences was statistically significant. Results were consistent for the 2 years of study with the exception of E. ontario which showed a significant lower percentage parasitism in areas treated 1 year. Absolute population numbers of parasitoids were lower than is suggested by comparisons of apparent parasitism levels. The lowest absolute numbers were found in tachinids and E. ontario. Parasitic hymenopterans and dipterans were among the adult insects killed by the aerial application of Zectran but none of the species collected was a major spruce budworm parasitoid.