bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical and pathological staging of the cancer at the nanoscale
Authors: Moawad Emad Y. 
Published: July 2012

Abstract
Clinical staging model at the nanoscale (CSMN) has been performed on adenocarcinoma of the colon from five patients ranging in age from 57 to 76 years based on determining their malignant size, estimating their doubling time through imaging techniques, and thus by measuring the average of the tumor nanoparticle doubling time their histologic grade has been identified at the nanoscale. Another two pathologic staging models at the nanoscale PSM [H-3] N and PSM [C-14] N for evaluating the histologic grade have been performed on those tumors based on the in vitro measuring of cell proliferating of tumor slices by either of the [H-3] tritiated and [C-14] thymidine incorporation hypothesizing in PSM [H-3] N that the malignant fraction of the detected tumor is the unlabeled fraction of the tumor by the [H-3] tritiated thymidine, while positing in PSM [C-14] N that the percentage increase of the tumor nanoparticle doubling time than that of the normal tissue at the Natural Background Radiation is equivalent to the percentage deficit of [C-14] incorporation in tumor cells. The consistency of results of the three staging models has been analyzed using ANOVA. Identical histologic grades have been identified by the three staging models for tumors of early stages (p < 0.0001). While for those of advanced disease, evaluation of the histologic grade was identical by CSMN and PSM [H-3] N only (p < 0.0001), whereas was invalid by PSM [C-14] N.
Cross-leg lithotomy: is it a better position for digital rectal examination of the prostate?
Authors: Nagathan Deepak Sharanappa , Dalela Divakar , Sankhwar Satyanarayan , Goel Apul , Dwivedi Amod Kumar , Yadav Rahul , Dalela Deepansh , Gupta Dheeraj Kumar , Mandal Swarnendu 
Published: July 2012

Objectives To evaluate whether “cross-leg lithotomy” (CL) is better position for digital rectal examination (DRE) than left lateral (LL) position from urologist and patient's perspective. Materials and methods Two urologists performed DRE in 120 patients in LL and CL positions. Each patient was randomised, sequentially examined in both positions and responses were objectively assessed using a questionnaire and statistically analysed. Results Men found DRE uncomfortable [LL (81.7%), CL (85.0%)] and embarrassing [LL: (81.7%), CL (78.3%)] in both the positions. DRE was painful [LL (11.7%), CL (8.3%)] with a mean pain score of 1.92 and 1.85 respectively. Patient apprehension regarding pain was significantly higher [LL (62.5%) vs. CL (21.7%), p < 0.001] in LL position. Overall, men preferred CL to LL position [CL (78.3%), LL (21.75%), p < 0.001] for DRE. From urologist perspective, the extent of prostate felt in CL position was significantly higher (CL: 11.15 ± 1.96/12 vs. LL: 9.25 ± 2.50/12, p < 0.001). Withdrawal response was significantly higher in LL and urologist had to sit down to perform DRE in LL position. Conclusions Men preferred CL to LL position for DRE and CL allowed more complete examination of the prostate from urologist perspective. CL position is a better alternative for performing DRE of the prostate.
Magnetic resonance imaging in a patient with an implantable cardiac defibrillator
Authors: Furusho MD Hiroshi , Kusayama MD Takashi , Chikata MD Akio , Kobayashi MD Daisuke , Murai MD Hisayoshi , Usui MD Soichiro , Okajima MD Masaki , Kaneko MD Shuichi , Yamagishi MD Masakazu , Takamura MD Masayuki 
Published: July 2012

AbstractA 58‐year‐old man, in whom an implantable cardiac defibrillator (ICD) had been implanted for Brugada syndrome, suffered rapidly progressive general paralysis. Various diagnostic imaging techniques were performed, but the cause could not be determined. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scanning was performed. A 1.5‐Tesla MRI system was used, and the ICD was programmed to ODO mode and all tachycardia detection was turned off. MRI was performed safely under electrocardiogram and pulse oximeter monitoring, and appropriate precautions were taken in preparation for an emergency. ICD parameters did not change in post‐imaging investigations. MRI revealed an apparent tumor in the patient's medulla and upper cervical spinal cord, which was diagnosed as high‐grade astrocytoma. When performing MRI procedures in patients with an ICD under urgent conditions, it is necessary to have complete knowledge of the procedure and to make careful preparations.
Symptomatological and cognitive correlates of vascular comorbidity in older‐elderly (at least 75 years old) men with major depressive disorder
Authors: Wang Yu‐Yuan , Chang Yun‐Hsuan , Lee Sheng‐Yu , Huang Chih‐Chun , Lee I‐Hui , Yeh Tzung‐Lieh , Yang Yen‐Kuang , Ku Yan‐Chiou , Lu Ru‐Band 
Published: July 2012

AbstractDepression is a common geriatric psychiatric disorder increasing with age among elderly people (≥ 75 years old), especially those with medical comorbidities. They have higher suicide rates than younger men, but these are paid less attention. Elderly men (n = 141) who were newly admitted residents of the Veterans' Home in Tainan, Taiwan from 2004 to 2006 were recruited and screened for major depression. Specialist physicians obtained past histories of medical illnesses through chart reviews, interview, and health examinations. Fifty‐nine of the 141 elderly people had major depression and participated in this study. Thirty‐nine men in the group with vascular comorbidities (VC), and 20 in the group without (NVC) vascular comorbidities were compared. The VC group had more time‐orientation impairment, greater psychomotor retardation, and diminished concentration/decision‐making than did the NVC group. Psychomotor retardation and other cognitive function impairments (e.g., concentration and decision‐making) are characteristic manifestations among patients with major depression and vascular comorbidity compared with those without vascular comorbidity.
Yusho: 43 years later
Authors: Yoshimura Takesumi 
Published: July 2012

AbstractThe aim of the present study is to describe recent issues with Yusho disease in Japan, describe the state of dioxin accumulation and the intake of dioxin via food in Japan, and introduce the Japan Environment and Children's Study. Yusho disease manifested in western Japan in 1968. The causes of Yusho are believed to be dioxin‐related compounds, mainly polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs), via the ingestion of rice oil produced in February 1968. As of March 31, 2011, there were 1961 registered Yusho cases, but of these 539 are deceased. A retrospective cohort study on registered Yusho cases reported that the standardized mortality ratios (SMRs) for the major causes of death were not significantly elevated, with the exception of all‐cancer (SMR = 1.26; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.03–1.53) and lung cancer mortality (SMR = 1.56; 95% CI: 1.03–2.27) in males. The results of the Yusho mortality study show that the SMR for liver cancer in males tends to decrease over time. In 2011, the Ministry of the Environment of Japan reported that the average concentration of dioxins in the blood (2002–2010) of the Japanese people was 19 pg‐TEQ/g‐fat, demonstrating a range of 0.10–130 pg‐TEQ/g‐fat, and that the average dioxin intake from food (2002–2010) was 0.82 pg‐TEQ/kg‐body weight/day, demonstrating a range of 0.031–6.2 pg‐TEQ/kg‐body weight/day according to 2006 WHO TEFs. The Japan Environment and Children's Study Project was launched in 2011 and is supported by the Ministry of the Environment of Japan. In this project, 100,000 mother and child pairs will be recruited over 3 years from designated study areas. Follow‐up examinations will be carried out from pregnancy until the children are 13 years of age (a so‐called birth‐cohort study). This project will be implemented by the National Center at the National Institute for Environmental Studies and is supported by the Medical Support Center at the National Center for Child Health and Development. Field operations will be performed at 15 designated regional centers nationwide.
A 10‐Year Incidence of Acute Whiplash Injuries After Road Traffic Crashes in a Defined Population in Northern Sweden
Authors: Styrke Johan , Stålnacke Britt‐Marie , Bylund Per‐Olof , Sojka Peter , Björnstig Ulf 
Published: July 2012

ObjectiveTo examine the annual incidence of acute whiplash injuries after road traffic crashes in a geographic catchment area in Northern Sweden during the period 2000‐2009.DesignDescriptive epidemiology determined by prospectively collected data from a defined population.SettingThe study was conducted at a public hospital in Sweden.ParticipantsThe population of the hospital's catchment area (136,600 inhabitants in 1999 and 144,500 in 2009).MethodsAt the emergency department, all injured persons (approximately 11,000 per year) were asked to answer a questionnaire about the injury incident. Data from the medical records also were analyzed. From 2000‐2009, 15,506 persons were injured in vehicle crashes. Persons who were subject to an acute neck injury within whiplash‐associated disorder grades 1‐3 were included. The overall and annual incidences were calculated as incidence. Age, gender, type of injury event, and direction of impact were described. The incidences were compared with national statistics on insurance claims from 2003, 2007, and 2008 to detect changes in the proportions of claims.Main Outcome MeasuresThe annual incidence of acute whiplash injuries. Secondary outcome measures were types of injury events, age and gender distribution, changes in the proportion of rear‐end crashes during 2000‐2009, and changes in the proportion of insurance claims during 2003‐2008.ResultsDuring 2000‐2009, 3297 cases of acute whiplash injury were encountered. The overall incidence was 235/100,000/year. The average yearly increase in incidence was 1.0%. Women comprised 51.9% and men 48.1% of the injured. Car occupants (86.4%) and bicycle riders (6.1%) were most frequently injured. The proportion of rear‐end crashes decreased from 55% to 45% from 2000‐2009. The proportion of insurance claims significantly decreased between 2003 and 2008 (P < .0001, χ2 test).ConclusionThe incidence of emergency department visits attributable to acute whiplash injuries after road traffic crashes have been relatively stable during the past decade in our area, except in 2007 and 2008, when a peak occurred.
ANGES: reconstructing ANcestral GEnomeS maps
Authors: Jones Bradley R. , Rajaraman Ashok , Tannier Eric , Chauve Cedric 
Published: July 2012

Abstract
Summary: ANGES is a suite of Python programs that allows reconstructing ancestral genome maps from the comparison of the organization of extant-related genomes. ANGES can reconstruct ancestral genome maps for multichromosomal linear genomes and unichromosomal circular genomes. It implements methods inspired from techniques developed to compute physical maps of extant genomes. Examples of cereal, amniote, yeast or bacteria ancestral genomes are provided, computed with ANGES.
Availability: ANGES is freely available for download at http://paleogenomics.irmacs.sfu.ca/ANGES/. Documentation and examples are available together with the package.
Contact: cedric.chauve@sfu.ca
GenAlEx 6.5: genetic analysis in Excel. Population genetic software for teaching and research—an update
Authors: Peakall Rod , Smouse Peter E. 
Published: July 2012

Abstract
Summary: GenAlEx: Genetic Analysis in Excel is a cross-platform package for population genetic analyses that runs within Microsoft Excel. GenAlEx offers analysis of diploid codominant, haploid and binary genetic loci and DNA sequences. Both frequency-based (F-statistics, heterozygosity, HWE, population assignment, relatedness) and distance-based (AMOVA, PCoA, Mantel tests, multivariate spatial autocorrelation) analyses are provided. New features include calculation of new estimators of population structure: G′ST, G′′ST, Jost’s Dest and F′ST through AMOVA, Shannon Information analysis, linkage disequilibrium analysis for biallelic data and novel heterogeneity tests for spatial autocorrelation analysis. Export to more than 30 other data formats is provided. Teaching tutorials and expanded step-by-step output options are included. The comprehensive guide has been fully revised.
Availability and implementation: GenAlEx is written in VBA and provided as a Microsoft Excel Add-in (compatible with Excel 2003, 2007, 2010 on PC; Excel 2004, 2011 on Macintosh). GenAlEx, and supporting documentation and tutorials are freely available at: http://biology.anu.edu.au/GenAlEx.
Contact: rod.peakall@anu.edu.au
A Structural Basis for the Biosynthesis of the Major Chlorogenic Acids Found in Coffee
Authors: Lallemand Laura A. , Zubieta Chloe , Lee Soon Goo , Wang Yechun , Acajjaoui Samira , Timmins Joanna , McSweeney Sean , Jez Joseph M. , McCarthy James G. , McCarthy Andrew A. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractChlorogenic acids (CGAs) are a group of phenolic secondary metabolites produced by certain plant species and an important component of coffee (Coffea spp.). The CGAs have been implicated in biotic and abiotic stress responses, while the related shikimate esters are key intermediates for lignin biosynthesis. Here, two hydroxycinnamoyl-coenzyme A shikimate/quinate hydroxycinnamoyl transferases (HCT/HQT) from coffee were biochemically characterized. We show, to our knowledge for the first time, that in vitro, HCT is capable of synthesizing the 3,5-O-dicaffeoylquinic acid diester, a major constituent of the immature coffee grain. In order to further understand the substrate specificity and catalytic mechanism of the HCT/HQT, we performed structural and mutagenesis studies of HCT. The three-dimensional structure of a native HCT and a proteolytically stable lysine mutant enabled the identification of important residues involved in substrate specificity and catalysis. Site-directed mutagenesis confirmed the role of residues leucine-400 and phenylalanine-402 in substrate specificity and of histidine-153 and the valine-31 to proline-37 loop in catalysis. In addition, the histidine-154-asparagine mutant was observed to produce 4-fold more dichlorogenic acids compared with the native protein. These data provide, to our knowledge, the first structural characterization of a HCT and, in conjunction with the biochemical and mutagenesis studies presented here, delineate the underlying molecular-level determinants for substrate specificity and catalysis. This work has potential applications in fine-tuning the levels of shikimate and quinate esters (CGAs including dichlorogenic acids) in different plant species in order to generate reduced or elevated levels of the desired target compounds.
The Agricultural Resource Management Survey
Authors: Kuethe Todd , Morehart Mitch 
Published: July 2012

PurposeThe purpose of this article is to offer an introduction of the Agricultural Resource Management Survey (ARMS) for applied research in agricultural finance and farm management.Design/methodology/approachThis article provides a brief overview of the history, design, use, and accessibility of the ARMS in government reporting and applied research.FindingsThe ARMS provides a number of unique advantages for addressing critical issues of the agricultural sector.Originality/valueThe paper provides an access point for researchers who are unfamiliar with the basic features of ARMS.
Accounting for complex entities: implications for ARMS
Authors: Moss Charles B. , Klinefelter Danny A. , Gunderson Michael A. 
Published: July 2012

PurposeThe purpose of this research is to examine the effect of accounting for complex organizational forms on data collection with the Agricultural Resource Management Survey (ARMS).Design/methodology/approachThis research reviews the literature from accounting theory along with the goals of data collection for policy analysis to draw conclusions about the applicability of accounting pronouncements.FindingsHistorically, the financial data collected in ARMS were based on financial accounting standards which were adequate for most purposes. However, this study develops the fact that many of these financial accounting standards were created to provide information for equity market transactions. The complexities of accounting for consolidations will provide valuable information, but implementing these standards will require accounting sophistication that is not prevalent in agriculture.Originality/valueBy drawing accounting theory together with the targeted use of data, this study offers guidelines to improve the data quality for a growing complex US agriculture.
Balance sheet and income statement issues in ARMS
Authors: Ellinger Paul N. , Ahrendsen Bruce L. , Moss Charles B. 
Published: July 2012

PurposeThe purpose of this research is to analyze possible implications of the economic measures presented in the balance sheet and income statement of the farm firm.Design/methodology/approachAccounting principles and the users of accounting information are studied. From a review of the Agricultural Resource Management Survey (ARMS) questionnaire, several items are identified that limit ARMS information from fully measuring economic and financial conditions.FindingsARMS limitations include issues related to asset valuation, income and expense recognition, and extraordinary income reporting. In particular, data limitations on deferred taxes associated with market values exceeding cost, capital leases, prepaid rents, accrued items, Section 179 and accelerated depreciation methods, and extraordinary items may result in understatement of leverage, overstatement of liquidity, and under reporting of year‐to‐year farm income variability measures.Originality/valueBy identifying these limitations, changes can be made that may result in improved measures of farm financial condition and farm household well‐being.
US farm debt: the role of ARMS
Authors: Briggeman Brian C. , Koenig Steven R. , Moss Charles B. 
Published: July 2012

PurposeTo identify periods of severe stress, and potentially take action to avoid or dampen their negative effects, lenders and policymakers need accurate and reliable data on US farm debt supply and credit needs. The purpose of this paper is to assess the current availability of information on US farm debt as well as its accuracy.Design/methodology/approachA review of the farm debt information and survey methodology of the Agricultural Resource Management Survey (ARMS).FindingsThis manuscript examines several potential issues involving the debt and lender data within ARMS. First, the empirical results indicate that there is an informational break in ARMS beginning in 2000. Second, the paper presents evidence that the overall level of debt reported by USDA is not consistent with information reported by lenders for other regulatory sources. Finally, the paper proposes a modification of the debt question to improve the data collection.Originality/valueThe paper offers an external review of farm debt information in ARMS.
Using sector financial statements and ARMS data to prepare statements of owner equity and cash flows for the agricultural sector
Authors: Barnard Freddie L. , Nordquist Dale W. 
Published: July 2012

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to discuss the feasibility of preparing a statement of owner equity (SOE) and statement of cash flows (SOCF) for the agricultural sector. Also, the use of the Agricultural Resource Management Survey (ARMS) to collect data needed to supplement the US farm sector accounts to prepare a sector SOE and SOCF is discussed.Design/methodology/approachAn SOE and SOCF for an individual producer was used to provide an example format for preparing an SOE and SOCF for the agricultural sector and to identify the data needed from the ARMS survey to supplement farm sector accounts.FindingsThe format and data needed to prepare a sector SOE and SOCF were identified and the feasibility of the collection of that data using current ERS/USDA survey collection methods would provide the data needed to prepare the statements. However, the use of two independent data collection authorities to collect the data would result in an agricultural sector SOE and SOCF that would not reconcile.Originality/valueThe paper initiates a dialog of possible alternatives available to the ERS/USDA and researchers concerning data needed and data sources available to prepare an agricultural sector SOE and SOCF, as well as the shortfalls and inaccuracies that would result.
Sustainability and local food procurement: a case study of Finnish public catering
Authors: Lehtinen Ulla 
Published: July 2012

PurposeThe aim of the paper is to present how sustainability as a concept supports the use of locally‐sourced food in public catering, and the issues that arise from that policy objective and their implications for suppliers and purchasers.Design/methodology/approachFirst, the paper explains the characteristics of local food chains and the concept of sustainability based on a literature review. It then outlines the stages of the food procurement process in public food catering in Finland, focussing on the delivery of potatoes from a local producer to a public caterer providing school meals. The case study identifies the dimensions of sustainability.FindingsFirst, the criteria defining sustainability remain unclear. Second, to overcome the cost disadvantages brought about by its small‐scale production and high delivery costs, locally‐sourced food should add some extra value. Short food supply chains have advantages over long ones, however, they are not sustainableper se.Research limitations/implicationsThe research is descriptive in nature and rests on action research implemented during 2004‐2007. The study does not provide any quantitative analysis nor can it be statistically generalised.Practical implicationsMeasuring the impact of sustainability in a public tendering process remains challenging, as an unambiguous definition of sustainability criteria is lacking. Further, sustainable procurement practices would improve collaborative relationships.Originality/valueThis paper complements the current discussion on sustainability and local food. Provision of free school meals is now a rare phenomenon, and has recently stirred widespread interest. Finland's continuing commitment to providing free school meals thus provides a very specific context in which to study the problems of food sourcing in the public sector.
Sensory evaluation and consumer perception of some commercial green table olives
Authors: Yilmaz Emin , Aydeniz Buket 
Published: July 2012

PurposeThe objective of this study is to evaluate the physico‐chemical and sensorial characteristics of some commercial green table olives. Also, it seeks to elaborate the sensorial background of consumer preferences of different green table olives.Design/methodology/approachFour green table olive samples (Çelebi, Domat, Kaba, and Ayvalık) commonly consumed in Turkey were chosen and collected from a local producer. Dimensional measures, salt content, pH value, oil content, titrable acidity, L value, a* value, b* value and texture of samples were assessed by the AOAC methods. A panel described and measured the appearance (greenness, yellowness, globeness), aroma (fresh olive, vinegary, soapy, musty), flavour (sour, salty, bitter, hay, oily) and texture properties (firmness, flesh/stone adherence, fibrousness, watery). In addition, 50 consumers evaluated hedonic values.FindingsThe salt content, pH value, oil content, titrable acidity, L value, a* value, b* value and texture of samples were found to following values 2.91‐5.46 percent, 2.80‐3.97, 4.67‐18.71 percent, 0.59‐1.40 percent, 49.96‐69.56, 1.35‐17.91, 19.57‐45.47 and 434.1‐895.7 g. Although prepared with the same technique, many properties of the olives were found different. This difference affected consumer preference and buying intentions as well.Research limitations/implicationsThe paper provides scientific data for researchers to design similar sensory descriptive analyses for different table olive samples.Originality/valueThe paper is helpful both to consumers and traders to determine the proximate and sensory attributes of commercial green olive samples.