bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Utility of Bone Scan in Evaluating Patients with Clinically Indeterminate Diagnosis of Cancer in a Low-resource Practice
Authors: Onimode Yetunde A. , Adeleye Amos O. , Ntekim Atara I. 
Published: May 2024

Context:
A major indication for referrals for bone scans (BS) to establish or exclude skeletal metastases. Few patients are referred with clinically indeterminate diagnosis or cancer of unknown primary (CUP), to search for bony metastases or primary tumor.

Aims:
This study aimed to assess the usefulness or otherwise for BS in such instances.

Settings and Design:
A retrospective cross-sectional study of BS performed for CUP and indeterminate diagnosis from 2012 to 2016 in the nuclear medicine unit of a tertiary teaching hospital.

Subjects and Methods:
The study involved reviews of technetium-99m diphosphonate BS for patients with CUP. BSs were reported by nuclear physicians as normal, normal variants, suspicious for metastases or as malignant, and with solitary or multiple skeletal metastases.

Statistical Analysis Used:
Data were analyzed using SPSS version 21 for descriptive analysis. Continuous data were displayed as means along with their standard deviation; categorical data were tabulated as frequencies and percentages.

Results:
Of 2156 BS, 42 (0.02%) were eligible. Patients were aged 27–86 years, mainly in the sixth and seventh decades of life. Bone metastases were identified in 14 (33%) of these patients, whereas 17 BS (40%) were normal, BS appeared equivocal in 10 (23.8%).

Conclusions:
Single-photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography availability would resolve the clinical dilemma in patients with equivocal and apparently normal BS.
Ultrasound Evaluation of Anterior Neck Soft-Tissue Thickness to Predict Difficult Intubation in Overweight Adult Patients Posted for Surgery under General Endotracheal Anesthesia – An Observational Study
Authors: Archana K. N. , Ajnas A. P. , Kumararadhya Girish Bandigowdanahalli 
Published: May 2024

Background:
Ultrasonographic imaging has been recently become simple portable and non-invasive adjuvant for bedside assessment of anterior neck soft tissue thickness which when measured at different levels showed to have significant role in predicting difficult laryngoscopy.

Aims and Objectives:
Primary objective was Ultrasonographic measurement of anterior neck soft tissue thickness at 3 levels -Distance from skin to hyoid bone (DSHB) -Distance from skin to thyrohyoid membrane (DSTM) -Distance from skin to anterior commissure of vocal cord(DSAC) and to compare and correlate the findings with Cooks modification of Cormack-Lehane score in predicting difficult laryngoscopy. Secondary objective was to compare and correlate the ultrasonographic measurements with conventional airway assessment methods.

Materials and Methods:
After obtaining approval from the ethical committee, 90 Patients with BMI above 25 kg /m2 was enrolled for the study. A day before the surgery a thorough Preanaesthetic evaluation and assessment of the airway is done using conventional methods. Then on the day of surgery ultrasonographic measurement of anterior neck at 3 levels was done and after inducing the patients laryngoscopy was done and Cooks modification of Cormack-Lehane score assessed.

Results:
The optimal cut off values to predict difficult laryngoscopy was 1.26, 2 and 1.2 cms for DSHB, DSTM and DSAC respectively, and among the three skin to anterior commissure of vocal cord was observed to be best USG parameter with more area under the ROC curve.

Conclusion:
USG measurement of anterior neck soft tissue thickness can be useful in predicting difficult laryngoscopy in overweight and obese patients also it had more diagnostic accuracy than conventional methods like MMS in predicting difficult laryngoscopy.
Evaluation of the efficacy and safety of cold laser (Diode 808 nm) therapy in the treatment of localized plaque psoriasis: clinical, dermoscopic and ultrastructural study
Authors: Gohar Reham L. , Mourad Basma , Sarhan Naglaa , Shaker Engi Seif E. 
Published: May 2024

Background
Psoriasis is a chronic, recurring, and immune-mediated inflammatory skin disease. Throughout the period of the last few decades, phototherapy has become widely used in treating stable psoriatic lesions. For the treatment of psoriasis, several light/laser therapies with distinct modes of action have been developed. Cold laser therapy might be an effective therapeutic choice for localized plaque psoriasis.

Objective
To assess the safety and efficacy of cold laser therapy clinically and microscopically in localized plaque psoriasis treatment.

Patients and methods
40 patients with localized mild plaque psoriasis were selected from the Dermatology and Venereology outpatient clinic–Tanta University Hospitals and enrolled in the clinical trial. They were treated by cold laser 808 nm wavelength (Endolaser 422, Enraf–nonious B.V. Rotterdam, Netherlands) one session for 10 min on each plaque twice weekly separated by 2 days until clinical cure or for a maximum of 8 weeks. Evaluation was done immediately after the last session by taking the average of three blinded dermatologists of the photos, the modified Psoriasis Area and Severity Index [mPASI], dermoscopic examination, patients’ satisfaction scale and histopathological and electron microscopic examination of punch biopsy specimens taken before and after the end of treatment from psoriatic lesions in four patients only.

Results
There was a statistically significant clinical improvement after the end of treatment compared with before treatment as 16 patients (40%) showed excellent improvement, 8 patients (20%) showed good improvement, 9 patients (22.5%) showed mild improvement, and 7 patients (17.5%) showed poor improvement. As regard mPASI, a statistically significant decrease in mPASI was found after the end of treatment (P<0.001). Regarding dermoscopic examination, a statistically significant reduction in the percentage of patients showing dermoscopic red dots and white scales after the end of treatment (P<0.01). As regard the patients’ satisfaction scale, 82.5% of patients were satisfied from the results. Histopathological and ultrastructural evaluation revealed normalization of the psoriatic microscopic changes with cold laser.

Conclusion
The use of cold laser therapy for the management of localized mild plaque psoriasis is safe, tolerable, effective, and can be used as an alternative therapy for psoriasis.
Level of long noncoding RNA taurine upregulated gene 1 after narrow band-ultraviolet B phototherapy in vitiligo
Authors: Doss Reham W. , Rashed Laila A. , Ibrahim Hanaa , Naguib Rehab M. 
Published: May 2024

Background
Vitiligo is a skin disease that is characterized by depigmenting lesions as a result of melanocytes destruction. Long noncoding Taurine upregulated gene 1 (lnc TUG-1) is one of the long noncoding RNA (lnc RNA) family members. The role of lncRNA TUG1 in melanogenesis has been investigated in recent studies.

Objective
To investigate the impact of narrow-band ultraviolet B (NB-UVB) on lncTUG-1 expression in vitiligo.

Patients and methods
The first step of this work was a case control study that included thirty vitiligo patients and thirty healthy controls. four mm skin biopsies were taken from normal skin in healthy controls and from depigmenting lesions in vitiligo patients. The second step was a prospective single-arm interventional study in which patients were subjected to 12 weeks of NB-UVB phototherapy and biopsies were taken from repigmenting areas. Biopsies were kept frozen at −80°C till by real-time polymerase chain reaction was conducted to evaluate the lnc TUG-1 expression.

Results
The mean lnc TUG-1 expression in skin tissue biopsies of the vitiligo patients was significantly lower compared with control skin biopsies (0.307±0.202 ng/mg vs 1.03±0.063 pg/mg, respectively, P<0.001). Although the level of lnc TUG-1 was not normalized, the mean value of lnc TUG-1 significantly increased after 12 weeks treatment with NB-UVB compared with its value before phototherapy (0.0687 ng/mg vs. 0.307 ng/mg, respectively, P<0.001).

Conclusion
The lnc TUG-1 could be a possible player in the pathogenesis of vitiligo and repigmentation of vitiligo after NB-UVB phototherapy.
Types of ultraviolet filters and their combination used in sunscreen determine the appropriate sun protection factor values in vivo
Authors: Puspitosari Diah , Anjani Andini D. , Ruchiatan Kartika , Suwarsa Oki , Dharmadji Hartati P. , Sutedja Eva K. , Gondokaryono Srie P. , Rizqandaru Trustia , Hindritiani Reti 
Published: May 2024

Background
The application of sunscreen has been shown to prevent the detrimental effects of ultraviolet. The effectiveness of a sunscreen formulation protection against ultraviolet B is measured by sun protection factor (SPF) and its value determined by in vivo testing is still the gold standard. The consistency between the in vivo and in vitro SPF values is still interesting to investigate, including the influencing factors.

Objective
To analyze the correlation between the products’ manufacturer estimation in vitro SPF value with the in vivo SPF value and assessing determinant factors that may influence the in vivo SPF value.

Patients and methods
Ten sunscreen products from various manufacturers were tested in vivo using The European Cosmetic Toiletry and Perfumery Association (COLIPA) method. All the tested products in this study have the manufacturer’s estimated SPF value determined based on in vitro test conducted by the manufacturer. The Spearman correlation test was used for data analysis.

Results
All sunscreen products had the estimated SPF values of 30 and 50, for five products each. Nine products were in cream formulations and one in lotion formulation, as ‘day cream’ and ‘BB cream,’ respectively. Six sunscreen products had lower in vivo SPF values compared with the manufacturer’s SPF value estimation, whereas four products had shown higher values. Although statistical analysis showed P value of 0.63 that indicates no significant correlation between both of the SPF values. Several products with the appropriate and higher in vivo SPF values contain octocrylene as a photostabilizer and additional coating materials such as stearic acid, aluminum hydroxide, and alumina.

Conclusion
This study demonstrated that the appropriateness of the in vivo SPF value to in vitro-estimated SPF value may be influenced by the photostabilizer substance and combination with additional coating materials also can increase stability and efficacy of the products.
Clinical Evaluation of the Long-Term Survival and Success Rates of Different Types of Implant-Supported Prostheses
Authors: Ranjan Madhu , Almudarris Ban Ahmed , Almalki Sultan Abdulrahman , Miyajiwala Juzer , Irengbam Aarti , Jadhav Manish Shivaji , Makkad Ramanpal Singh 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
Dental implants have been essential to the therapy of patients who are partially edentulous.

Aim:
Clinical evaluation of the long-term survival and success rates of different types of implant-supported prostheses.

Materials and Methods:
Patients who had a healthy edentulous ridge of three missing teeth in the posterior jaw in which two or three dental implants were placed having any of three prostheses, namely, three-unit fixed dental prostheses (FPD) on two implants, three splinted crowns on three implants, and three splinted crowns on three implants were included.

Results:
The survival rate in all patients with dental implants having different types of prostheses was 94.9%. The survival rate in FPD, three splinted crowns, and three nonsplinted crowns was 100, 88.5, and 93.6% respectively.

Conclusion:
FPD loaded on two dental implants was found to have a greater long-term survival rate and success rate with a lower frequency of peri-implantitis and prosthodontic complications.
Prevalence of Oral Lichen Planus in Patients with Hypothyroidism Versus Nonhypothyroidism
Authors: Bansal Priyanka Vinod , Raj Kavita , Gupta Neha , Dwivedi Dhara , Sethi Ashish , Prabhakar Nitin , Makkad Ramanpal Singh 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
A chronic inflammatory illness known as oral lichen planus (OLP) affects approximately 1–2% of adults, with middle-aged women having a higher prevalence than men. One clinical endocrine condition that primary care doctors frequently see is hypothyroidism.

Aim:
To compare the prevalence of OLP among individuals with a previous diagnosis of hypothyroidism against those without hypothyroidism.

Methods and Materials:
A total of 1200 patients were included in this study. As per their medical reports, 600 patients included were found to have hypothyroidism. The rest 600 patients did not have hypothyroidism. All the patients underwent clinical examination and cases of OLP were identified according to the criteria of diagnosis of OLP.

Results:
Twenty (3.45%) study participants with hypothyroidism were found to have OLP. Eight (1.34%) study participants without hypothyroidism were found to have OLP of 2.37 (confidence interval: 0.91–6.23) and showed that the frequency of lichen planus in study participants with hypothyroidism was 2.37 times greater than that without hypothyroidism.

Conclusion:
Prevalence of lichen planus in persons with hypothyroidism was greater than that without hypothyroidism.
Investigation of Genetic Markers for Predicting Oral Cancer Progression and Patient Outcomes
Authors: Wasti Amit , Mohanty Liza , Shukla Ruchira , Gupta Bharti , Gowdar Inderjit Murugendrappa , Mehta Tarang , Makkad Ramanpal Singh 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
Genomic methylation being used as a sensitive indicator for identifying oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDS) and oral cancer could be a viable option. DNA methylation is a potential approach for “cancer therapeutics” and can help researchers truly understand the genomic mechanism that leads to cancer.

Aim:
Investigation of genetic markers for predicting oral cancer progression and patient outcomes.

Methods and Materials:
One hundred and twelve patients having oral premalignant lesions and malignant lesions were included in this study. Saliva samples were obtained for analysis of the expression of genetic markers, such as p16, DAP-K, and MGMT. The Illumina Infinium HumanMethylation450 BeadChip (Illumina Inc., USA) would be used to assess genome-wide DNA methylation according to the manufacturer’s instructions.

Results:
Methylation of all the genes, that is, p16, DAP-K, and MGMT, was observed in 12.7% of oral cancer lesions. 41.94% of oral cancer lesions were found to have methylation of two genes. 13.23% cases were found to be associated with methylation of p16 and DAP-K, 12.12% cases were found to have methylation in the p16 and MGMT, and 15.27% cases of oral cancer lesions showed methylation of DAP-K and MGMT.

Conclusion:
Genetic markers, such as p53, DAP-K, and MGMT, can be used for predicting oral cancer progression and patient outcomes.
Assessment of Patient Satisfaction and Oral Health-Related Quality of Life Following Full Mouth Rehabilitation with Implant-Supported Prostheses
Authors: Almudarris Ban A. , Poonia Pooja S. , Mansuri Atik H. , Almalki Sultan A. , Gupta Shekhar , Mohanty Rajat , Makkad Ramanpal S. 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
The concept of success is typically established by the researcher or the practitioner rather than the patient, who has the greatest stake in the outcome of the prosthodontics therapy.

Aim:
To assess patient satisfaction and oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) in following full mouth rehabilitation with implant-supported prostheses (ISP).

Methods and Materials:
Thirty-two patients who underwent full mouth rehabilitation with ISP were included in this study. The Oral Health Impact Profile-14 (OHIP-14) questionnaire was used for the assessment of patient satisfaction and OHRQoL following full mouth rehabilitation with ISP.

Results:
The functional limitation among study participants before, 1 month, and 3 months after ISP was 2.1 ± 1.3, 1.5 ± 0.8, and 1.4 ± 0.9, respectively. There was a significant reduction in functional limitation, psychological disability, and social disability before and 3 months after ISP.

Conclusion:
There is a significant improvement in patient satisfaction and OHRQoL in following full mouth rehabilitation with ISP.
Estimation of Crestal Bone Loss with Flap and Flapless Methods for the Position of Implant
Authors: Parihar Anuj Singh , Mulla Munaz , Sahoo Pradyumna Kumar , Dana Suchit K , Abraham Sajith , Mulla Mushir 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
The current research was conducted to estimate the loss of crestal bone using the flap and flapless method for implant placement.

Materials and Methods:
Forty participants who fulfilled the addition criteria were chosen for this research. All participants were then categorized equally into two study groups, that is, with and without undergoing flap surgery. Statistical evaluation was performed using the Mann-Whitney U-test.

Results:
Flapless implant placement showed lesser crestal bone loss.

Conclusion:
Compared to flap surgery, seamless implant implantation showed less loss of crestal bone.
Flap Fixation in Endoscopic Dacryocystorhinostomy: A Comparative Study
Authors: Sikarwar Vikas , Ojha Sushil , Joshi Ankur , Shah Amit , Sandhu Rameet , Gandhi Pankaj 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
The usual procedure for nasolacrimal duct obstruction is dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR). Flap-based DCR techniques lead to better surgical outcome provided flaps do not dislocate in the post-operative period.

Objectives:
This study was conducted to compare gelfoam with merocel tamponade for fixation of mucosal flaps in endoscopic DCR.

Materials and Method:
Merocel tamponade was used for fixation of flaps in 26 patients. Gelfoam was used in 26 patients, and surgical results were compared.

Results:
The surgical success rate was greater in merocel tamponade fixation with less complications.

Conclusion:
Merocel tamponade can be used successfully for mucosal flap fixation in endoscopic DCR for better surgical outcome.
Low-Level Laser and TENS Therapy Assessment for the Treatment of Temporomandibular Joint Disorder
Authors: Mishra Silpiranjan , Bajoria Atul Anand , Sangamesh NC , Swain Ajit Kumar , Sahoo Sanjay Kumar , Mohapatra Abinash 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
The most prevalent conditions in the population are temporomandibular disorders (TMDs), which are linked to a number of morbidities. A number of treatment options have been proposed, and some of the most successful ones include low-level laser therapy (LLLT) and transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) therapy.

Objectives:
The purpose of this study was to examine the effectiveness of two therapies—TENS treatment and LLLT—in the management of morbidities related to temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorders.

Materials and Methods:
Based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, a total of 50 patients who had been sent to the oral medicine outpatient department and had been pre-diagnosed with TMJ disorders were randomly assigned to two groups, with 25 patients in each: Group I received TENS therapy, while Group II received LLLT. The acquired data was assessed statistically.

Result:
Both groups showed a substantial decrease in discomfort, an increase in mouth opening, and a decrease in muscular tenderness when compared to within groups. LLT was more effective than TENS for TMD treatment.

Conclusion:
While TENS and LLLT both had good results, LLLT appeared to outperform TENS therapy in terms of muscle tenderness factors.
Assessment of Upper and Lower Airway Dimensions in Skeletal Class I and Class II Subjects Having Different Growth Patterns – A Cross-Sectional Cephalometric Study
Authors: Aphale Hrushikesh S. , Nagmode Sunilkumar L. , Surana Sejal P. , Chaugule Akshay S. , Shinde Vivek J. , Sahane Dipak S. 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT

Objectives:
To compare the airway dimensions among subjects having skeletal class I and class II patterns considering their hypodivergent, normodivergent, and hyperdivergent growth patterns and to determine any variations between them.

Methods and Materials:
The study consisted of 156 pre-treatment lateral cephalograms of subjects aged above 18 years. The sagittal skeletal pattern was used to separate the sample into two groups. Each group was further subdivided into hypodivergent, normodivergent, and hyperdivergent growth patterns. The upper and lower airway dimensions were measured in all the subgroups. The intragroup comparison of class I and class II was performed with 1-way ANOVA and post-hoc test. Using the independent t-test, the upper and lower airways were compared between groups.

Results:
Comparison of subjects according to the growth pattern showed that vertical growth patterns have statically significantly reduced upper and lower airway dimensions as compared to the average and horizontal growth patterns in both skeletal class I and class II subjects. However, the subjects with skeletal class II hyperdivergent growth patterns have significantly reduced lower airway dimensions than those with skeletal class I having hyperdivergent growth patterns.

Conclusion:
Individuals with skeletal class I and class II patterns characterized by hyperdivergent growth exhibit reduced upper and lower pharyngeal airways. The sagittal skeletal type also plays a role in influencing the dimensions of the upper and lower airways.
Rotational Control and Retraction of Maxillary Canine Using Self-Ligating Empower Brackets: An In Vivo Study
Authors: Alla Ramya , Chandrika P. Sindhu , Ronanki Susanthi , Duddu Yesuratnam , Shalini G.N , Naziya Sheik 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
Interest in self-ligating brackets is generally smoother and more comfortable.

Objectives:
To compare rate of retraction and rotational control of maxillary canines with self-ligating MBT brackets on one side and conventional MBT brackets on the other side of the maxillary arch.

Materials and Methods:
Ten subjects with a mean age range of 18 to 25 years were selected. For each patient in the maxillary arch, bonding was performed with 0.022-inch slot conventional MBT brackets on one side and 0.022-inch slot self-ligating MBT brackets on the other side. Stainless steel 0.009-inch ligatures are used for conventional ligation. Retraction of canines was performed with 0.019 × 0.025-inch stainless steel wires using NiTi closed coil springs with eyelets of 12 mm and 9 mm. The force of retraction was measured using a dynamometer. Dental casts were made at each time interval to record the canine retraction rate (in mm) and rotation (in degrees).

Results:
The mean difference in the retraction rate was 0.045 mm/month between self-ligating and conventional brackets, respectively (P > 0.05). The mean difference of total rotation of canines with self-ligating and conventional brackets was 1.5°, which gives evidence that there was less rotation of canines with self-ligating brackets.

Conclusion:
There was no statistically significant difference in canine retraction rates between conventional and self-ligating brackets. Secure ligation with the self-ligating brackets showed better rotational control than the conventional brackets.
Higher Chow cycles on a family of Kummer surfaces
Authors: Sato Ken 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
We construct a collection of families of higher Chow cycles of type

$(2,1)$

on a two-dimensional family of Kummer surfaces, and prove that for a very general member, they generate a subgroup of rank

$\ge 18$

in the indecomposable part of the higher Chow group. Construction of the cycles uses a finite group action on the family, and the proof of their linear independence uses Picard–Fuchs differential operators.