bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characteristics estimation for high‐impedance surfaces based ultrathin radar absorber
Authors: Li You‐Quan , Fu Yun‐Qin , Yuan Nai‐Chang 
Published: April 2009

AbstractIn this article, an ultrathin Radar Absorbing Material (RAM) based on high‐impedance surfaces (HIS) has been investigated. Simple analytical formulas for the input impedance of HIS RAM are present and the equivalent model of lumped resistor is given to achieve better absorbing performance. From the simulated results, it is seen that the absorbing band of HIS RAM is decided by the reflection phase of HIS in the range ±60°, the measured absorbing frequency band moved toward lower‐frequency than the simulated results, which attribute to the parasitic capacitance introduced by lumped resistors. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 51: 1775–1778, 2009; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.24453
Effect of surface resistor loading on high‐impedance surface radar absorber return loss and bandwidth
Authors: Munir A. , Fusco V. 
Published: April 2009

AbstractA simple method for the selection of the appropriate choice of surface‐mounted loading resistor required for a thin radar absorber based on a high‐impedance surface (HIS) principle is demonstrated. The absorber consists of a HIS, (artificial magnetic ground plane), thickness 0.03λ0 surface‐loaded resistive‐elements interconnecting a textured surface of square patches. The properties of absorber are characterized under normal incident using a parallel plate waveguide measurement technique over the operating frequency range of 2.6–3.95 GHz. We show that for this arrangement return loss and bandwidth are insensitive to ±2% tolerance variations in surface resistor values about the value predicted using the method elaborated in this letter, and that better than −28 dB at 3.125 GHz reflection loss can be obtained with an effective working bandwidth of up to 11% at −10 dB reflection loss. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 51: 1773–1775, 2009; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.24454
Ultrawideband bandpass filter with a controllable notched band
Authors: Gao Shanshan , Xiao Shaoqiu , Wang Bing‐Zhong 
Published: April 2009

AbstractA compact ultrawideband (UWB) bandpass filter with a controllable notched band within the UWB passband is proposed on the basis of a stub‐loaded modified stepped impedance resonator (SIR) and two identical interdigital feed‐lines. In the design, the modified SIR and the interdigital feed‐lines can work together properly to make up the desired UWB passband. The stubs loaded at each side of the modified SIR can generate a desired notched band within the UWB passband to avoid the interference from wireless local‐area network. There are good agreements between the simulated and measured results. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 51: 1745–1748, 2009; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.24455
Millimeter‐wave dual‐mode filter using circular high‐order mode cavities
Authors: Dong Yuandan , Hong Wei , Tang Hongjun , Wu Ke 
Published: April 2009

AbstractA novel dual‐mode filter using circular high‐order mode cavities based on substrate integrated waveguide technology is presented. Its dual‐mode character and transmission responses are carefully investigated. Filters in both Ka‐ and Q‐band using two congruent cavities in folded configuration are designed, fabricated with standard PCB process, and measured. Small insertion loss, flat group delay, and good tolerance are observed, which is consistent with the simulation. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 51: 1743–1745, 2009; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.24456
A wideband quasi‐millimeter‐wave bandpass filter using dual‐mode resonator with 5/4 wavelength folded stubs
Authors: Cai Peng , Ma Zhewang , Kanzaki Hitoshi 
Published: April 2009

AbstractA novel wideband quasi‐millimeter‐wave filter with good in‐band and out‐band performances is proposed in this article. A dual‐mode square ring resonator loaded with two5λ0/4 (λ0is the center wavelength of the filter)folded stubs is introduced to realize a3 dBpassband bandwidth of about15%. Because of the transmission zeros produced by the dual‐mode ring resonator in the stopbands, the proposed filter exhibits sharp attenuations near the passband. On the other hand, a parallel‐coupled two‐mode resonator is introduced and integrated with the dual‐mode ring resonator to get a further improvement of the out‐band performance with wide stopbands. The fabricated filter has an insertion loss better than2 dBin the passband and rejections greater than20 dBat most of the frequencies in the stopbands. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 51: 1708–1711, 2009; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.24457
Diffusion tensor imaging in a rat model of Parkinson's disease after lesioning of the nigrostriatal tract
Authors: Van Camp Nadja , Blockx Ines , Verhoye Marleen , Casteels Cindy , Coun Frea , Leemans Alexander , Sijbers Jan , Baekelandt Veerle , Van Laere Koen , Van der Linden Annemie 
Published: April 2009

AbstractParkinson's disease (PD) is characterised by degeneration of the nigrostrial connection causing dramatic changes in the dopaminergic pathway underlying clinical pathology. Till now, no MRI tools were available to follow up any specific PD‐related neurodegeneration. However, recently, diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) has received considerable attention as a new and potential in vivo diagnostic tool for various neurodegenerative diseases. To assess this in PD, we performed DTI in the acute 6‐hydroxydopamine (6‐OHDA) rat model of PD to evaluate diffusion properties in the degenerating nigrostriatal pathway and its connecting structures. Injection of a neurotoxin in the striatum causes retrograde neurodegeneration of the nigrostriatal tract, and selective degeneration of nigral neurons. The advantage of this model is that the lesion size is well controllable by the injected dose of the toxin. The degree of functional impairment was evaluated in vivo using the amphetamine rotation test and µPET imaging of the dopamine transporter (DAT). Despite a nearly complete lesion of the nigrostriatal tract, DTI changes were limited to the ipsilateral substantia nigra (SN). In this study we demonstrate, using voxel‐based statistics (VBS), an increase in fractional anisotropy (FA), whereas all eigenvalues were significantly decreased. VBS enabled us to visualise neurodegeneration of a cluster of neurons but failed to detect degeneration of more diffuse microstructures such as the nigrostriatal fibres or the dopaminergic endings in the striatum. VBS without a priori information proved to be better than manual segmentation of brain structures as it does not suffer from volume averaging and is not susceptible to erroneous segmentations of brain regions that show very little contrast on MRI images such as SN. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Assessment of 31P‐NMR analysis of phospholipid profiles for potential differential diagnosis of human cerebral tumors
Authors: Solivera Juan , Cerdán Sebastián , Pascual José María , Barrios Laura , Roda José María 
Published: April 2009

AbstractWe describe a novel protocol for the non‐histological diagnosis of human brain tumors in vitro combining high‐resolution 31P magnetic resonance spectroscopy (31P‐MRS) of their phospholipid profile and statistical multivariate analysis. Chloroform/methanol extracts from 40 biopsies of human intracranial tumors obtained during neurosurgical procedures were prepared and analyzed by high‐resolution 31P‐MRS. The samples were grouped in the following seven major classes: normal brain (n = 3), low‐grade astrocytomas (n = 4), high‐grade astrocytomas (n = 7), meningiomas (n = 9), schwannomas (n = 3), pituitary adenomas (n = 4), and metastatic tumors (n = 4). The phospholipid profile of every biopsy was determined by 31P‐NMR analysis of its chloroform/methanol extract and characterized by 19 variables including 10 individual phospholipid contributions and 9 phospholipid ratios. Most tumors depicted a decrease in phosphatidylethanolamine (PtdEtn) and phosphatidylserine (PtdSer), the former mainly in neuroepithelial neoplasms and the latter in metastases. An increase in phosphatidylcholine (PtdCho) and phosphatidylinositol (PtdIns) appeared predominantly in primary non‐neuroepithelial tumors. Linear discriminant analysis (LDA) revealed the optimal combination of variables that could classify each biopsy between every pair of classes. The resultant discriminant functions were used to calculate the probability of correct classifications for each individual biopsy within the seven classes considered. Multilateral analysis classified correctly 100% of the normal brain samples, 89% of the meningiomas, 75% of the metastases, and 57% of the high‐grade astrocytomas. The use of phospholipid profiles may complement appropriately previously proposed methods of intelligent diagnosis of human cerebral tumors. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Solution of the Riemann problem for irreversibly compressible media
Authors: Feldgun V. R. , Karinski Y. S. , Yankelevsky D. Z. 
Published: April 2009

AbstractThe Riemann problem for an irreversibly compressible medium has been solved. This solution introduces the maximum medium density that is attained in the process of active loading. To close the system of equations an extra equation is required to describe the transfer of this parameter through the Eulerian mesh. The possible wave configurations have been analyzed and the corresponding equations for the evaluation of the contact pressure and velocity have been obtained. The existence and uniqueness of the solution have been proven. The technique of the Riemann problem's solution for the arbitrary Lagrange Euler mesh was developed. Examples of the Riemann problem solution for various wave configurations show that neglecting the bulk elastic plastic deformations yields significant errors in the results both quantitatively and qualitatively. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The importance of an internal marketing orientation in social services
Authors: Cano Cynthia Rodriguez , Sams Doreen 
Published: April 2009

Abstract
The current research takes an interdisciplinary approach to examine the role of emotions in the successful delivery of social services. Survey data collected from 533 frontline social service providers were subjected to regression analyses. Findings reveal that emotional intelligence mediates the relationship between emotional labor and job stress, which in‐turn impacts job performance. The findings suggest that an internal marketing orientation is needed to better match the organization's products (i.e., jobs) with its internal customers (employees), and in‐turn improve the quality (job performance) of its offerings to its external customers.
Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Incorporating a class of constraints into the dynamics of optimal control problems
Authors: Graichen K. , Petit N. 
Published: April 2009

AbstractA method is proposed to systematically transform a constrained optimal control problem (OCP) into an unconstrained OCP, which can be treated in the standard calculus of variations. The considered class of constraints comprises up to m input constraints and m state constraints with well‐defined relative degree, where m denotes the number of inputs of the given nonlinear system. Starting from an equivalent normal form representation, the constraints are incorporated into a new system dynamics by means of saturation functions and differentiation along the normal form cascade. This procedure leads to a new unconstrained OCP, where an additional penalty term is introduced to avoid the unboundedness of the saturation function arguments if the original constraints are touched. The penalty parameter has to be successively reduced to converge to the original optimal solution. The approach is independent of the method used to solve the new unconstrained OCP. In particular, the constraints cannot be violated during the numerical solution and a successive reduction of the constraints is possible, e.g. to start from an unconstrained solution. Two examples in the single and multiple input case illustrate the potential of the approach. For these examples, a collocation method is used to solve the boundary value problems stemming from the optimality conditions. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
MUTYH‐associated polyposis carcinomas frequently lose HLA class I expression—a common event amongst DNA‐repair‐deficient colorectal cancers
Authors: de Miranda Noel FCC , Nielsen Maartje , Pereira Dina , van Puijenbroek Marjo , Vasen Hans F , Hes Frederik J , van Wezel Tom , Morreau Hans 
Published: April 2009

AbstractHuman leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I expression defects frequently occur in colorectal cancers bearing mismatch repair (MMR) deficiencies and are interpreted as immune evasion mechanisms to avoid cancer cell recognition and elimination by the immune system. MMR‐deficient tumours are thought to be more prone to lose HLA class I expression, due to their frequent generation of aberrant peptides which can stimulate a cytotoxic T‐cell‐mediated response. MUTYH‐associated polyposis (MAP) is a colorectal cancer syndrome caused by defects in the MUTYH DNA repair enzyme. Impairment of MUTYH activity could lead to a surplus of mutated peptides which would be presented to cytotoxic T‐cells through the HLA class I molecules. We have studied the frequency of HLA class I expression defects in MAP carcinomas and have compared it to those observed in MMR‐deficient and ‐proficient colorectal tumours. Immunohistochemical detection of the expression of HLA class I, β2‐microglobulin (β2m), and antigen‐processing machinery molecules was performed in 37 primary MAP carcinomas and nine metastases resected from 29 MAP patients. Furthermore, we sequenced the β2m, TAP1, and TAP2 genes. Defects in HLA class I expression were detected in 65% of primary MAP carcinomas, affecting 72% of patients. HLA class I expression abnormalities were often concomitant with β2m expression loss and mutations in the β2m gene. Loss of HLA class I expression is thus a frequent event in MAP carcinomas, similarly to MMR‐deficient colorectal tumours. The extensive mutagenic background of these tumours most likely triggers a strong selective pressure, exerted by the immune system on the tumour, which favours the outgrowth of tumour cell clones with an immune evasive phenotype. Our data provide additional evidence for a link between DNA repair deficiencies and altered HLA class I phenotypes in colorectal cancer. Copyright © 2009 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Bacterial consortium proteomics under 4‐chlorosalicylate carbon‐limiting conditions
Authors: Bobadilla Fazzini Roberto A. , Bielecka Agata , Poucas Quintas Ana K. , Golyshin Peter N. , Preto Maria J. , Timmis Kenneth N. , Martins dos Santos Vitor A. P. 
Published: April 2009

AbstractIn this study, the stable consortium composed by Pseudomonas reinekei strain MT1 and Achromobacter xylosoxidans strain MT3 (cell numbers in proportion 9:1) was under investigation to reveal bacterial interactions that take place under severe nutrient‐limiting conditions. The analysis of steady states in continuous cultures was carried out at the proteome, metabolic profile, and population dynamic levels. Carbon‐limiting studies showed a higher metabolic versatility in the community through upregulation of parallel catabolic enzymes (salicylate 5‐hydroxylase and 17‐fold on 2‐keto‐4‐pentenoate hydratase) indicating a possible alternative carbon routing in the upper degradation pathway highlighting the effect of minor proportions of strain MT3 over the major consortia component strain MT1 with a significant change in the expression levels of the enzymes of the mainly induced biodegradation pathway such as salicylate 1‐hydroxylase and catechol 1,2‐dioxygenase together with important changes in the outer membrane composition of P. reinekei MT1 under different culture conditions. The study has demonstrated the importance of the outer membrane as a sensing/response protective barrier caused by interspecies interactions highlighting the role of the major outer membrane proteins OprF and porin D in P. reinekei sp. MT1 under the culture conditions tested.
Radical anions containing the dioxidated 1,2,5‐thiadiazole heterocycle
Authors: Mirífico María Virginia , Caram José Alberto , Gennaro Ana María , Cobos Carlos Jorge , Vasini Enrique Julio 
Published: April 2009

AbstractRadical anions of 3,4‐aryl disubstituted 1,2,5‐thiadiazole 1,1‐dioxide were obtained by chemical and electrochemical reduction of their substrates, and characterized by ESR spectroscopy and cyclic voltammetry. The radical anion of the phenanthro[9,10‐c]‐1,2,5‐thiadiazole 1,1‐dioxide was found to be very stable in an aprotic solvent solution and did not react readily when water was added to the aprotic solvent, or the solution was saturated with oxygen gas. The radical formation chemical reaction competed with nucleophilic addition to the CN bond of the thiadiazoles. A possible reaction mechanism, and a common reaction intermediate, supported by density functional theory calculations, is presented for the most stable radical. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A computational study of stereospecifity in the thermal elimination reaction of menthyl benzoate in the gas phase
Authors: Vélez Ederley , Quijano Jairo , Notario Rafael , Pabón Elizabeth , Murillo Juliana , Leal Julieth , Zapata Edilma , Alarcón Gustavo 
Published: April 2009

AbstractThis paper reports a theoretical study, at the B3LYP/6–31 + G(d,p) and M05‐2X/6–31G + (d,p) levels, on the thermal decomposition of menthyl benzoate (2‐isopropyl‐5‐methylcyclohexyl benzoate). It undergoes a unimolecular first‐order elimination to give 3‐menthene (1‐isopropyl‐4‐methylcyclohexene), 2‐menthene (3‐isopropyl‐6‐methylcyclohexene), and benzoic acid. We studied two possible mechanisms trying to explain the formation of 2‐ and 3‐menthene, via six‐membered or four‐membered cyclic transition states. Rate constants were calculated at two temperatures, 587.1 and 598.6 K, and they agree well with the experimentally determined values. We verify that 3‐menthene is the product mainly formed at both temperatures. The progress of the reactions has been followed by means of the Wiberg bond indices. Intrinsic reaction coordinate (IRC) calculations have been carried out to verify that the localized transition state structures connect with the reactants and products and also to verify that the parent compound, menthyl benzoate, is taking the cis‐configuration needed in the reaction. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Theoretical calculations for neighboring group participation in gas‐phase elimination kinetics of 2‐hydroxyphenethyl chloride and 2‐methoxyphenethyl chloride
Authors: Brusco Yannely , Berroteran Neydher , Loroño Marcos , Córdova Tania , Chuchani Gabriel 
Published: April 2009

AbstractTheoretical calculation of the kinetics and mechanisms of gas‐phase elimination of 2‐hydroxyphenethyl chloride and 2‐methoxyphenethyl chloride has been carried out at the MP2/6‐31G(d,p), B3LYP/6‐31G(d,p), B3LYP/6‐31 + G(d,p), B3PW91/6‐31G(d,p) and CCSD(T) levels of the theory. The two substrates undergo parallel elimination reactions. The first process of elimination appears to proceed through a three‐membered cyclic transition state by the anchimeric assistance of the aromatic ring to produce the corresponding styrene product and HCl. The second process of elimination occurs through a five‐membered cyclic transition state by participation of the oxygen of o‐OH or the o‐OCH3 to yield in both cases benzohydrofuran. The B3PW91/6‐31G(d,p) method was found to be in good agreement with the experimental kinetic and thermodynamic parameters for both substrates in the two reaction channels. However, some differences in the performance of the different methods are observed. NBO analysis of the pyrolysis of both phenethyl chlorides implies a CCl bond polarization, in the sense of Cδ+…Clδ−, which is a rate‐determining step for both parallel reactions. Synchronicity parameters imply polar transition states of these elimination reactions. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Addition of sulfenic acids to monosubstituted acetylenes: a theoretical and experimental study
Authors: Aversa Maria Chiara , Barattucci Anna , Bonaccorsi Paola , Contini Alessandro 
Published: April 2009

AbstractThe reaction of benzenesulfenic acid, generated in situ by thermal decomposition of 3‐(phenylsulfinyl)propanenitrile, with monosubstituted acetylenes was experimentally and theoretically investigated at the DFT level using the MPW1B95 density functional. A computational model based on the Hard Soft Acid Base (HSAB) principle was evaluated for its ability to qualitatively and quantitatively predict the regioselectivity, while kinetics and thermodynamics of the reaction were studied through the analysis of the reaction paths leading to the possible regioisomers. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Neurocognitive and behavioral impact of sleep disordered breathing in children
Authors: Owens Judith A. 
Published: April 2009

AbstractThe consequences of poor quality and/or inadequate sleep in children and adolescents have become a major public health concern, and one in which pediatric health care professionals have become increasingly involved. In particular, insufficient and/or fragmented sleep resulting from primary sleep disorders such as obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), often compounded by the presence of comorbid sleep disorders as well as by voluntary sleep curtailment related to lifestyle and environmental factors, has been implicated in a host of negative consequences. These range from metabolic dysfunction and increased cardiovascular morbidity to impairments in mood and academic performance. The following review will focus on what is currently known about the effects of sleep disordered breathing (SDB) specifically on neurobehavioral and neurocognitive function in children. Because of the scarcity of literature on the cognitive and behavioral impact of sleep disorders in infants and very young children, this review will target largely the preschool/school‐aged child and adolescent populations. In addition, the focus will be on a review of the most recent literature, as a supplement to several excellent previous reviews on the topic.1–4 Pediatr Pulmonol. 2009; 44:417–422. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Targeted detection of prostate cancer proteins in serum using heavy‐isotope‐labeled‐peptide standards and MALDI‐TOF/TOF
Authors: Li Yan , Sokoll Lori J. , Rush John , Meany Danni , Zou Nan , Chan Daniel W. , Zhang Hui 
Published: April 2009

AbstractProteins released from cancer tissues to patient sera can potentially be used to achieve sensitive, specific, and early detection of cancer by means of blood tests. In this study, we used a platform that combines glycopeptide capture, heavy‐isotope‐labeled‐peptide standards, and liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry to determine which glycoproteins from prostate cancer can be detected in sera from patients with early‐stage prostate cancer. The detection limit for prostate‐specific antigen in serum was 3.44 ng/mL; thus, direct identification of low abundance, cancer‐specific proteins was achieved using our platform. We showed that prostatic acid phosphatase and membrane metallo‐endopeptidase that were detected in sera were preferentially expressed in prostate cancer tissues. Levels of these two proteins were elevated in biopsy‐positive patients but not biopsy‐negative groups. Therefore, these two proteins are candidate biomarkers for analysis of patient samples with levels of prostate‐specific antigen in the diagnostic gray zone.