bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The relationship between self‐monitored blood glucose values and glycated haemoglobin in insulin‐treated patients with Type 2 diabetes
Authors: Sarwat S. , Ilag L. L. , Carey M. A. , Shrom D. S. , Heine R. J. 
Published: April 2010

Diabet. Med. 27, 589–592 (2010)AbstractAims  Self‐monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) is an important self‐management tool for insulin‐treated patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Its value in estimating glycaemic control in insulin‐treated T2DM patients remains unclear. The relationship between glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) and SMBG measures in T2DM patients treated with premixed insulin lispro mixtures or basal insulin glargine was examined.Methods  HbA1c and plasma equivalent glucose (PGe) data derived from SMBG profiles were pooled from five randomized clinical trials of patients with T2DM on one or more oral glucose‐lowering medication ± 0–2 insulin injections per day switching to insulin lispro mixtures (N = 317) or glargine (N = 306). Patients generated seven‐point SMBG profiles three times in a 2‐week period prior to each HbA1c measurement. Pearson’s correlation coefficients (r) were calculated for PGe values and HbA1c. Receiver–operating characteristic (ROC) curves determined the ability of sets of PGe to estimate HbA1c (< or > 7.0%).Results  Mean ± standard deviation age was 57.5 ± 9.5 years, body mass index 31.3 ± 5.6 kg/m2, 52.5% were male and HbA1c overall was 7.4 ± 1.0% at end‐point. Among individual SMBG measures, r for HbA1c ranged from 0.34 to 0.49. For means of two or more PGe measures, r for HbA1c ranged from 0.51 to 0.59. Correlations were similar for either regimen. ROC curves were consistent with the correlation data.Conclusions  These data provide patients and clinicians information on the relationship between HbA1c and SMBG measurements in patients with T2DM, and support the value of frequent blood glucose measurements for assessing overall glycaemic control.
ELPylated anti‐human TNF therapeutic single‐domain antibodies for prevention of lethal septic shock
Authors: Conrad Udo , Plagmann Ingo , Malchow Sven , Sack Markus , Floss Doreen M. , Kruglov Andrei A. , Nedospasov Sergei A. , Rose‐John Stefan , Scheller Jürgen 
Published: April 2010

SummaryTumour necrosis factor (TNF) is a major pro‐inflammatory cytokine involved in multiple inflammatory diseases. The detrimental activity of TNF can be blocked by various antagonists, and commercial therapeutics based upon this principle have been approved for treatment of diseases including rheumatoid arthritis, Crohn’s disease and psoriasis. In a search for new, improved anti‐inflammatory therapeutics we have designed a single‐domain monoclonal antibody (VHH), which recognizes TNF. The antibody component (TNF‐VHH) is based upon an anti‐human TNF Camelidae heavy‐chain monoclonal antibody, which was linked to an elastin‐like polypeptide (ELP). We demonstrate that ELP fusion to the TNF‐VHH enhances accumulation of the fusion protein during biomanufacturing in transgenic tobacco plants. With this study, we show for the first time that this plant‐derived anti‐human TNF‐VHH antibody was biologically active in vivo. Therefore, therapeutic application of TNF‐VHH‐ELP fusion protein was tested in humanized TNF mice and was shown to be effective in preventing death caused by septic shock. The in vivo persistence of the ELPylated antibody was ∼24 fold longer than that of non‐ELPylated TNF‐VHH.
What are the Future Prospects for the European Social Model? An Analysis of EU Equal Opportunities and Employment Policy
Authors: Ter Haar Beryl Philine , Copeland Paul 
Published: April 2010

AbstractThe aim of our article is to examine the future prospects of the European Social Model (ESM). First, the article defines the ESM as a mixture of hard law, soft law and underlying norms and values. Second, the article analyses the ESM on a more detailed level in the case of the law of equal opportunities and employment through a historical account and the legal dynamics of integration. The results of the analysis indicate a growing integration capacity of the ESM. Yet, this runs counter to the current neoliberal preferences of the Barroso Commission which has moved from a strategy of combining economic growth and social cohesion, to one in which economic growth creates social cohesion.
Article 345 TFEU (ex Article 295 EC), Its Meanings and Interpretations
Authors: Akkermans Bram , Ramaekers Eveline 
Published: April 2010

AbstractResearch that has been conducted over the last decades shows that neither the scope of application nor the exact meaning of Article 345 TFEU (ex Article 295 EC) is clear from its wording. This article seeks to clarify its meaning through analysis of the drafting of the Article as well as the use of it by the EU's institutions and by the Member States. Article 345 TFEU, formerly Article 295 EC and, before that, Article 222 EEC, is an Article that limits, but not prevents, the application of the TFEU Treaty as a whole to the way in which rules of a Member State deal with the right of ownership of undertakings. The conclusion can be drawn that Article 345 TFEU only concerns the private or public ownership of undertakings, with which the Community shall not concern itself and which can thus be regulated by the Member States themselves. Most importantly, the Article does not concern the content of the right of ownership, nor the objects of a right of ownership. It does therefore not form an obstacle to the development of a European property law.
Between Procedural Impermeability and Constitutional Openness: The Italian Constitutional Court and Preliminary References to the European Court of Justice
Authors: Fontanelli Filippo , Martinico Giuseppe 
Published: April 2010

AbstractOn 15 April 2008, the Italian Constitutional Court (ICC) raised for the first time a preliminary question to the European Court of Justice (ECJ). This decision (see judgment No 102/2008 and order No 103/2008) represented a turning point in the ICC's case‐law, and calls for a careful assessment of the motives backing such revirement as well as of the legal reasoning that the Italian judges used to wrap it up without repudiating their previous case‐law. In addition to this preliminary analysis, the aim of this essay is to explore two themes: i) the developments of the ICC's case‐law as regards the role of Community Law and the ECJ, and ii) the appraisal of the interplay between the ICC and the ECJ in the light of the notion of ‘interpretive competition’.
An assessment of the proximity of clothing to self scale for older persons
Authors: Lee Young‐A , Sontag Mary Suzanne 
Published: April 2010

AbstractSontag and Lee developed the Proximity of Clothing to Self (PCS) Scale, an objective measure of the psychological closeness of clothing to the self, and validated a 4‐factor, 24‐item scale with adolescents. The research reported here extends their work by validating a 3‐factor, 19‐item PCS Scale for use with older persons, age 65 and over. A mail survey was sent to a national random sample of 1700 older persons in the United States resulting in 250 respondents in the final sample. Three analytical rounds of confirmatory factor analysis to test the construct validity of the PCS Scale were conducted by using a structural equation modelling programme. The validated three PCS dimensions (i.e. factors) are clothing in relation to: (1) self as structure – process; (2) self‐esteem – evaluative and affective processes; and (3) body image and body cathexis. The researchers recommend using this 19‐item PCS Scale for future consumer behaviour research on older persons when investigating the importance of dress, clothing needs or clothing involvement to meet basic human needs, self‐esteem, life satisfaction and successful aging.
Mathematical Model Building in the Solution of Mechanics Problems: Human Protocols and the MECHO Trace
Authors: Luger George F. 
Published: April 2010

This paper describes model building and manipulation in the solution of problems in mechanics. An automatic problem solver, MECHO, solving problems in several areas of mechanics, employs (1) a knowledge base representing the semantic content of the particular problem area, (2) a means‐ends search strategy similar to GPS to produce sets of simultaneous equations and (3) a “focusing” technique, based on the data within the knowledge base, to guide the GSP‐like search through possible equation instantiations. Sets of predicate logic statements are employed to describe this model building activity. These clauses are used to give information content to the knowledge base and provide both basis and guidance for the goal driven search.It is hypothesized that humon subjects solving mechanics problems employ similar model building techniques. Protocols of several subjects are presented and comparisons are drawn with the traces of the automated problem solver. Adjustments are made to the program to provide a better fit of traces to protocols. Some implications are presented for using a rule based model for describing human problem solving performance in solving mechanics problems.
A 10‐year retrospective analysis of radiographic bone‐level changes of implants supporting single‐unit crowns in periodontally compromised vs. periodontally healthy patients
Authors: Matarasso Sergio , Rasperini Giulio , Iorio Siciliano Vincenzo , Salvi Giovanni E. , Lang Niklaus P. , Aglietta Marco 
Published: April 2010

AbstractAim: To compare the 10‐year peri‐implant bone loss (BL) rate in periodontally compromised (PCP) and periodontally healthy patients (PHP) around two different implant systems supporting single‐unit crowns.Materials and methods: In this retrospective, controlled study, the mean BL (mBL) rate around dental implants placed in four groups of 20 non‐smokers was evaluated after a follow‐up of 10 years. Two groups of patients treated for periodontitis (PCP) and two groups of PHP were created. For each category (PCP and PHP), two different types of implant had been selected. The mBL was calculated by subtracting the radiographic bone levels at the time of crown cementation from the bone levels at the 10‐year follow‐up.Results: The mean age, mean full‐mouth plaque and full‐mouth bleeding scores and implant location were similar between the four groups. Implant survival rates ranged between 85% and 95%, without statistically significant differences (P>0.05) between groups. For both implant systems, PCP showed statistically significantly higher mBL rates and number of sites with BL≥3 mm compared with PHP (P<0.0001).Conclusions: After 10 years, implants in PCP yielded lower survival rates and higher mean marginal BL rates compared with those of implants placed in PHP. These results were independent of the implant system used or the healing modality applied. To cite this article:
Matarasso S, Rasperini G, Iorio Siciliano V, Salvi GE, Lang NP, Aglietta M. A 10‐year retrospective analysis of radiographic bone‐level changes of implants supporting single‐unit crowns in periodontally compromised vs. periodontally healthy patients. Clin. Oral Impl. Res. 21, 2010; 898–903. doi: 10.1111/j.1600‐0501.2010.01945.x
Modelling the hair follicle dermal papilla using spheroid cell cultures
Authors: Higgins Claire A. , Richardson Gavin D. , Ferdinando Dudley , Westgate Gillian E. , Jahoda Colin A.B. 
Published: April 2010

Please cite this paper as: Modelling the hair follicle dermal papilla using spheroid cell cultures. Experimental Dermatology 2010; 19: 546–548.Abstract:  Human dermal papilla (DP) cells grown in two‐dimensional (2D) culture have been studied extensively. However, key differences exist between DP cell activities in vivo and in vitro. Using a suspension method of cell culture to maintain DP cells, we created three‐dimensional (3D) dermal spheres morphologically akin to intact (anagen) DPs. Analysis of these spheres using immunocytochemistry demonstrates that they have expression profiles different from papilla cells cultured in 2D but with many similarities to intact DPs. This method of DP cell culture may provide us with a tool to elucidate our understanding of signalling within the DP as it relates to induction, maintenance or even inhibition of hair growth.
Keratins 2 and 4/13 in reconstituted human skin are reciprocally regulated by retinoids binding to nuclear receptor RARα
Authors: Virtanen Marie , Sirsjö Allan , Vahlquist Anders , Törmä Hans 
Published: April 2010

Please cite this paper as: Keratins 2 and 4/13 in reconstituted human skin are reciprocally regulated by retinoids binding to nuclear receptor RARα. Experimental Dermatology 2010; 19: 674–681.Abstract:  Disorders of keratinization are often treated with vitamin A derivatives (retinoids) which affect keratinocyte differentiation, including keratin (KRT) gene expression. In vivo, suprabasal keratinocytes normally express only keratin (K) 1, K2 and K10, but after topical application of all‐trans retinoic acid (ATRA), the granular cells will additionally express K4 and K13, i.e. keratins normally present in oral mucosa and in cultured epidermal keratinocytes. To learn more about the retinoid regulation of keratin expression under in vivo‐like conditions, we cultured keratinocytes on de‐epidermized dermis in only 0.5% serum. These cells produce a normal‐looking epidermis that expresses high mRNA levels of KRT1, KRT2 and KRT10, but minimal amounts of KRT4 and KRT13. Addition of ATRA to the medium for 48 h caused a dose‐dependent increase in KRT4/KRT13 and a down‐regulation of KRT2 mRNA. An increase in K4 protein was also found. The response was greater than the up‐regulation of another retinoid‐regulated gene, CRABPII. By studying 10 retinoids with different affinities for the retinoic acid receptors (RAR) and retinoid X receptors (RXR) isoforms, the reciprocal expression of KRT2 and KRT4/KRT13 could be connected with agonists for RARα. Two of these agonists, CD336/Am580 and CD2081, altered the expression profile with similar potency as the pan‐RAR agonists ATRA and CD367. Co‐addition of a pan‐RAR antagonist (CD3106/AGN193109) markedly inhibited the induction of KRT4/KRT13 expression, whereas the down‐regulation of KRT2 was less affected. In conclusion, RARα agonists elicit a reciprocal modulation of KRT2 and KRT4/KRT13 expression in human epidermis, but whether or not the keratin genes also possess RARα‐specific regulatory elements is still unclear.
Curcuminoids activate p38 MAP kinases and promote UVB‐dependent signalling in keratinocytes
Authors: Ayli Elias E. , Dugas‐Breit Susanne , Li Weijie , Marshall Christine , Zhao Liang , Meulener Marc , Griffin Thomas , Gelfand Joel M. , Seykora John T. 
Published: April 2010

Please cite this paper as: Curcuminoids activate P38 map kinases and promote UVB‐dependent signalling in keratinocytes. Experimental Dermatology 2010; 19: 493–500.Abstract:  Curcuminoids exhibit anti‐proliferative properties in many cell lines by modulating signalling pathways to inhibit cell growth. However, the specific effects of curcuminoids on human keratinocytes are not well defined, and this situation impairs mechanistic thinking regarding potential therapeutic uses. We hypothesized that curcuminoids would modulate key growth regulatory pathways in keratinocytes to inhibit cell proliferation. To test this hypothesis, the effects of curcumin and tetrahydrocurcumin (THC) on mitogen‐activated protein (MAP) kinase signalling in keratinoctyes were determined. Primary human keratinocytes treated with curcumin or THC demonstrated decreased activation of p44/42 MAP kinases but increased levels of activated p38 MAP kinases. These data suggest that curcuminoids specifically activate stress‐induced MAP kinases while inhibiting mitogen‐induced MAP kinases. Curcuminoids also promote the phosphorylation of p53 on serine 15 in a dose‐dependent and p38‐dependent manner, suggesting that these compounds may activate p53. The effects of curcuminoids on keratinocytes mirrored some aspects of UVB and could be inhibited by N‐acetylcysteine, suggesting that these compounds activate p38 through a mechanism that involves glutathione depletion. Both curcuminoids induced G2/M block and inhibited keratinocyte growth, and THC increased cellular levels of p21, a known p53 transcriptional target. These data demonstrate that curcuminoids can differentially regulate MAP kinases to inhibit keratinocyte growth while inducing p21. Curcuminoids also synergize with UVB to enhance p53 phosphorylation. The findings provide a rationale for testing curcuminoids in disorders associated with impaired p53 function or in which UVB‐treatment is efficacious.
Ultraviolet light induces Stat3 activation in human keratinocytes and fibroblasts through reactive oxygen species and DNA damage
Authors: Bito Toshinori , Sumita Naoko , Masaki Taro , Shirakawa Toshiro , Ueda Masato , Yoshiki Ryutaro , Tokura Yoshiki , Nishigori Chikako 
Published: April 2010

Please cite this paper as: Ultraviolet light induces Stat3 activation in human keratinocytes and fibroblasts through reactive oxygen species and DNA damage. Experimental Dermatology 2010; 19: 654–660.Abstract:  Stat3 is activated by the outer stressors, such as ultraviolet (UV) exposure. In this study, we investigated the Stat3 response to UV irradiation in human epidermal keratinocytes and dermal fibroblasts. Results indicated that UVB and UVC differentially activate Stat3 in these cells. The UV‐induced Stat3 activation was mediated by both reactive oxygen species (ROS) and DNA damage, and the dominancy of ROS and DNA damage to activate Stat3 depended on the wavelength of UV. By using fibroblasts from a patient with xeroderma pigmentosum A (XP‐A) and those transfected with human XPA gene, we found that UVB activates Stat3 via both ROS and DNA damage, while UVC does so mainly via DNA damage. The present data suggest that Stat3 activation in UV‐exposed human skin is one of the initial events where DNA damage and ROS are involved.
Survey boat effect on YOY fish schools in a pre‐alpine lake: evidence from multibeam sonar and split‐beam echosounder data
Authors: Guillard J. , Balay P. , Colon M. , Brehmer P. 
Published: April 2010

Guillard J, Balay P, Colon M, Brehmer P. Survey boat effect on YOY fish schools in a pre‐alpine lake: evidence from multibeam sonar and split‐beam echosounder data.  Ecology of Freshwater Fish 2010: 19: 373–380. © 2010 John Wiley & Sons A/SAbstract –  Hydroacoustic methods are widely employed by fish scientists for assessing fish stocks. The method most often used is echosounding, beaming vertically. Nowadays the multibeam sonar, and therefore the 3‐D presentation of fish schools, has yielded better knowledge of school morphology. Using the data collected simultaneously by both sonar and echosounding in a lake, we have identified boat‐induced behavioural changes in small pelagic fish schools. Using high resolution sonar data, we showed that the fish schools detected under the boat have a significantly larger volume than those alongside the boat. This finding is explained according to behavioural response due to the theoretical characteristics of the boat diagram sound pressure, and the existence of a strong thermocline. Then we compared two descriptors, the height of the fish school and the backscatter energy. We found significant differences, which reveal vertical fish school compression occurring simultaneously with the horizontal and sidelong escape behaviour.
The effect of predation on stunted and nonstunted white perch
Authors: Gosch N. J. C. , Pierce L. L. , Pope K. L. 
Published: April 2010

Gosch NJC, Pierce LL, Pope KL. The effect of predation on stunted and nonstunted white perch. Ecology of Freshwater Fish 2010: 19: 401–407. © 2010 John Wiley & Sons A/SAbstract –  Predation is widely regarded as a means to prevent or minimise the establishment of a stunted (high density of slow growing individuals) population. We investigated the effect of predation on two different white perch Morone americana populations (stunted and nonstunted) by examining the stomach contents of piscivorous fishes. White perch and gizzard shad dominated piscivore diets in Branched Oak Lake, whereas white perch dominated piscivore diets in Pawnee Lake. White perch consumed in the stunted population (Branched Oak Lake) were larger and older than white perch consumed in the nonstunted population (Pawnee Lake). Many of the consumed white perch in the stunted population were sexually mature and had the opportunity to spawn at least once. In contrast, all of the consumed white perch in the nonstunted population were sexually immature. Predation may have reinforced the stunting of white perch in Branched Oak Lake through removal of the largest, oldest individuals.
Temperature‐related nocturnal vertical segregation of coexisting coregonids
Authors: Mehner T. , Busch S. , Helland I. P. , Emmrich M. , Freyhof J. 
Published: April 2010

Mehner T, Busch S, Helland IP, Emmrich M, Freyhof J. Temperature‐related nocturnal vertical segregation of coexisting coregonids. Ecology of Freshwater Fish 2010: 19: 408–419. © 2010 John Wiley & Sons A/SAbstract –  Habitat choice of fish may be influenced by many different ecological factors, e.g., predation risk, feeding opportunity, or temperature and oxygen availability. However, because most of the fish prey and their predators rely on vision for feeding, the predator avoidance and feeding opportunity hypotheses may fail to predict distribution of fish at complete darkness. Here, we accumulated patterns of nocturnal vertical distribution of two coexisting coregonid populations in Lake Stechlin from 13 samplings over 4 years, conducted by hydroacoustics and simultaneous midwater trawling. We calculated population depths, dispersion, illumination strengths and vertical temperature gradients for all sampling dates. Illumination strengths at fish population depths were far below the critical levels for feeding by vision, suggesting that predator avoidance or feeding opportunity did not trigger the depth distribution at night. In contrast, nocturnal population depths and dispersion of vendace Coregonus albula were significantly associated with the seasonally changing vertical temperature gradient in Lake Stechlin, whereas night‐time distribution of the coexisting Fontane cisco Coregonus fontanae was almost unaffected by temperature. Vendace occurred just below the thermocline in isothermal water layers of about 6.5–9 °C during stratification of Lake Stechlin, whereas Fontane cisco preferred 4–6 °C cold layers. These experienced temperatures roughly correspond to species‐specific optimum metabolic temperatures determined in earlier experiments. We assume, therefore, that the temperature‐related vertical segregation during non‐feeding hours at darkness is linked with metabolic benefits, thus suggesting that bioenergetics efficiency contributes to ultimate causes of diel vertical migrations at least in vendace.
Detection of an orbital period in the supergiant high-mass X-ray binary IGR J16465-4507 with Swift-BAT
Authors: La Parola V. , Cusumano G. , Romano P. , Segreto A. , Vercellone S. , Chincarini G. 
Published: April 2010

Abstract
We analysed the IGR J16465–4507 Burst Alert Telescope (BAT) survey data collected during the first 54 months of the Swift mission. The source is in a crowded field and it is revealed through an ad hoc imaging analysis at a significance level of ∼14 standard deviations. The 15–50 keV average flux is . The timing analysis reveals an orbital period of 30.243 ± 0.035 d. The folded light curve shows the presence of a wide phase interval of minimum intensity, lasting ∼20 per cent of the orbital period. This could be explained with a full eclipse of the compact object in an extremely eccentric orbit or with the passage of the compact source through a lower density wind at the orbit apastron. The modest dynamical range observed during the BAT monitoring suggests that IGR J16465−4507 is a wind-fed system, continuously accreting from a rather homogeneous wind, and not a member of the supergiant fast X-ray transient class.