bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Abstract 625: Flavonoid intake and risk of pancreatic cancer in the National Institutes of Health-AARP Diet and Health Study Cohort
Authors: Arem Hannah , Bobe Gerd , Sampson Joshua , Subar Amy F. , Park Yikyung , Risch Harvey , Hollenbeck Albert R. , Mayne Susan T. , Stolzenberg-Solomon Rachael 
Published: August 2012

Abstract
Flavonoids are the most common of the plant polyphenolics and are obtained from foods such as tea, citrus and other fruits. Laboratory and animal studies suggest that through anti-oxidant properties dietary flavonoids may reduce the risk of pancreatic cancer, and the few previous epidemiologic studies on flavonoid intake and pancreatic cancer risk have shown protective associations for specific types of flavonoids. We examined the association between total flavonoid intake, six flavonoid subgroups, flavonoid-rich foods and development of exocrine pancreatic cancer among 537,104 participants in the NIH-AARP Diet and Health Study with complete dietary data. Men and women aged 50 to 71 years completed a self-administered food frequency questionnaire at baseline (1995-1996) that ascertained diet and other lifestyle information. During follow-up through 2006 (median 10.6 years, max 11.2 years), 2379 incident pancreatic cancer cases were identified. Flavonoid intake was estimated from two databases developed from the USDA Nutrient Data laboratory. The distribution of flavonoid intake differed by sex (mean female intake 216 mg/day, range 0.41-9456; mean male intake 153 mg/day, range 0.95-6561); therefore, quintiles were based on sex specific cut-points. We used Cox proportional hazard models with age as the underlying time metric to calculate hazard ratios (HR) for pancreatic cancer. Models were adjusted for sex, smoking, diabetes, body mass index, alcohol use, and saturated fat and red meat intake. We found no association between total flavonoid intake (hazard ratio (HR)=1.09; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.96-1.24) or the six flavonoid subgroups and risk of pancreatic cancer. Although there was no significant interaction by sex or smoking (p-interaction &gt; 0.10), in stratified analyses we observed significant increased risks for total flavonoid intake among current smokers (Q5 versus Q1 HR=1.45, 95% CI 1.12-1.88, p-trend=0.002), while no such associations were evident among never (HR=1.01, 95% CI 1.00-1.03) or former smokers (HR=0.99, 95% CI 0.98-1.01). Among smokers flavonol and isoflavone intakes were positively associated with pancreatic cancer comparing extreme quintiles, with HRs =1.38 (95% CI 1.05-1.82, p trend=0.019) and 1.39 (95% CI 1.03-1.86, p trend=0.022) respectively. It is possible that exposures correlated to smoking but not accounted for in our analysis explain the observed associations. Our results do not support the hypothesis that flavonoid intake plays a protective role in pancreatic cancer carcinogenesis.
Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 625. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-625
Abstract 630: Tobacco smoking women are not at higher risk than men for lung cancer
Authors: Matteis Sara De , Consonni Dario , Pesatori Angela C. , Bergen Andrew W. , Bertazzi Pier Alberto , Caporaso Neil E. , Lubin Jay H. , Wacholder Sholom , Landi Maria Teresa 
Published: August 2012

Abstract
Background. Worldwide lung cancer incidence is decreasing or leveling off among men, but rising among women. Gender differences in the effect of tobacco carcinogens on lung cancer risk have been hypothesized, but the epidemiologic evidence is conflicting. Objective. To test gender-smoking interaction in the association with lung cancer risk within the large Environment And Genetics in Lung cancer Etiology (EAGLE) population-based case-control study, conducted in Italy between 2002-2005. The study collected detailed lifetime smoking histories by personal interview. Methods. Separately for males and females, we estimated odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for cumulative exposure to smoking (pack-years) by logistic regression, adjusted for age, residence area, and time since quitting smoking. We evaluated several potential confounders and effect-modifiers, including tobacco type, inhalation depth, percentage of each cigarette smoked, and visualized the tobacco dose-response relationship across genders through floating trends. We tested gender-smoking interaction (female versus male effect) by including their product term in the models. Results. When the model included never smoker cases and controls, ORs for categories of pack-years were higher in men, with a negative female-smoking interaction (P=0.0009). Within ever smokers, ORs estimates were somewhat higher in women, but the test for interaction was not significant (P=0.55). We obtained similar results for pack-years as a continuous (log-transformed) variable. Among smokers, no gender-smoking interaction was found by histology. Conclusion. Our findings do not support a higher female susceptibility to tobacco-related lung cancer. Equally vigorous health policy interventions should continue to fight smoking habits in both genders.
Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 630. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-630
Abstract 631: Association between dietary calcium intake and lung cancer risk in female non-smokers: A report from the Shanghai Women's Health Study
Authors: Takata Yumie , Shu Xiao Ou , Yang Gong , Li Honglan , Dai Qi , Gao Jing , Cai Qiuyin , Chow Wong-Ho , Gao Yutang , Zheng Wei 
Published: August 2012

Abstract
Calcium has been implicated in carcinogenesis, especially through cell signaling and cell cycle regulation. Previous epidemiologic studies reported associations of calcium intake with the risk of colorectal, breast or prostate cancer. However, the studies investigating the association with lung cancer risk are limited, particularly among non-smokers. We evaluated the association of dietary calcium and other minerals that affect the calcium absorption with the risk of incident lung cancer among female non-smokers in the Shanghai Women's Health Study, a population-based cohort study of 74,941 women aged 40-70 years at enrollment (March 1997 to May 2000). Included in this analysis were 71,267 women who had never smoked and no prior history of cancer at baseline. Dietary intake was assessed using a validated quantitative food frequency questionnaire administered in person by trained interviewers. Cancer incidence and vital status were ascertained through annual linkage to the Shanghai Cancer Registry and Shanghai Vital Statistics data bases and biennial home visits. This analysis included 428 incident lung cancer cases accrued among the cohort members between April 1998 and December 2009 after the study enrollment. Cox proportional hazard regression was used to calculate the risk of lung cancer by quartiles of intake of calcium, magnesium, phosphorus or the calcium to magnesium (Ca: Mg) or calcium to phosphorus (Ca: P) ratios and by the use of calcium supplement, while adjusting for age, total caloric intake, income, occupation, passive smoking, history of asthma and body mass index. Intakes of calcium and phosphorus and the Ca: Mg and Ca: P ratios were inversely associated with the lung cancer risk; the corresponding risk reduction at the highest quartile comparing with the lowest was 34% for calcium, 45% for phosphorus, 38% for the Ca: Mg ratio and 25% for the Ca: P ratio (p for trend = 0.007, 0.02, 0.003 and 0.03, respectively). Calcium supplement was also associated with 33% significantly decreased risk. No association was observed for dietary magnesium intake (p for trend = 0.51). Our study provides one of the first evidence suggesting a possible role of calcium in lung cancer prevention among female non-smokers.
Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 631. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-631
Abstract 636: Non-melanoma skin cancer and risk of second primary cancer
Authors: Song Fengju , Qureshi Abrar , Giovannucci Edward , Fuchs Charlie , Chen Wendy , Stampfer Meir , Han Jiali 
Published: August 2012

Abstract
Objective: Previous studies suggest a positive association between history of non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC) and risk of subsequent cancer development. We prospectively investigate this association in both men and women. Methods: In two large cohorts in the US, the Health Professionals Follow-up Study (HPFS) and the Nurses’ Health Study (NHS), we prospectively examined the risks of primary cancer according to history of NMSC. In the HPFS, 876,094 person-years were followed up from June 1986 to June 2008. In the NHS, 2,358,185 person-years were followed up from June 1984 to June 2008. We documented 30,636 cancer cases after ongoing NMSC diagnosis. The median time (and range) of diagnosis between NMSC and subsequent cancer was 156 (3 - 342) months in the NHS, and 116 (3 - 259) months in the HPFS. Cox proportional hazard models were used to calculate relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs), adjusting for major cancer risk factors (e.g. age, smoking, body mass index, physical activity, etc). Results: A history of NMSC was associated with a higher risk of other primary cancers in men (RR = 1.15; 95% CI: 1.08, 1.21; P &lt; 0.0001), and in women (RR = 1.25; 95% CI: 1.20, 1.31; P &lt; 0.0001). For individual cancer sites, in men, a history of NMSC was associated with an increased risk of prostate cancer, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, and melanoma. In women, a history of NMSC was associated with an increased risk of breast cancer, endometrial cancer, ovarian cancer, lung cancer, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, renal cancer, melanoma, and oral cancer. Conclusions: Our prospective-cohort study provides evidence for an association between a history of NMSC and an increased risk of subsequent malignancies. Further studies are warranted to identify the potential mechanism underlying this relationship.
Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 636. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-636
Abstract 637: Dietary heme iron and risk of colorectal cancer with specific mutations in colorectal cancer key genes
Authors: Gilsing Anne , Fransen Fiona , de Kok Theo M. , Goldbohm Alexandra R. , de Bruine Adriaan P. , van Engeland M , van den Brandt Piet A. , de Goeij Anton F. , Weijenberg Matty P. 
Published: August 2012

Abstract
Background: Red meat intake has been linked to increased colorectal cancer risk but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Experimental studies suggest a role for dietary heme, but epidemiological evidence for its carcinogenic potential is inconclusive. Because heme may promote specific mutations, it could be insightful to link heme exposure data to colorectal cancer (CRC) with such mutations in key genes in an observational, population-based study. Methods: We investigated the association between dietary heme iron intake (tertiles) and CRC cancer with adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) and Kirsten ras (KRAS) mutations, and tumor protein 53 (TP53) overexpression, in the Netherlands Cohort Study. After 7.3 yrs of follow-up, excluding the first 2.3 years, adjusted rate ratios (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated, using 3,949 subcohort members (aged 55-69 years at baseline) and 733 CRC patients. Results: Heme iron intake was associated with an increased risk of CRC with activating G&gt;A mutations in KRAS (RR=2.14 for the highest compared to the lowest intake; 95% CI: 1.17, 3.92; Ptrend = 0.01). In addition, a positive association between heme intake and the risk of overall G&gt;A mutations in APC tumors was observed (RR=1.73 for the highest compared to the lowest intake; 95% CI: 1.18, 2.54; Ptrend = 0.005). However, this association was not found when restricting our analyses to CRC harboring G&gt;A mutations leading to a truncated APC (RR=1.35 for the highest compared to the lowest intake; 95% CI: 0.79,2.37; Ptrend = 0.29). Moreover, there was a positive association between heme iron intake and the risk of P53 overexpressed tumors which was not observed in tumours without P53 overexpression (Pheterogeneity = 0.08). Conclusion: These results suggest that heme iron intake is associated with an increased risk of colorectal tumors harboring G&gt;A transitions in KRAS and to a lesser extend in APC, and overexpression of P53. Taking CRC heterogeneity into account contributes to a better molecular understanding of the established association between red meat intake and CRC.
Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 637. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-637
Abstract 640: Age of menarche and height as adolescent growth in relation to breast cancer risk
Authors: Choi Ji-Yeob , Jeon Sujee , Park Sue K. , Noh Dong-Young , Ahn Sei-Hyun , Yoo Keun-Young , Kang Daehee 
Published: August 2012

Abstract
Age of menarche as well as height is known to be associated with breast cancer risk. Adult height is associated with age at menarche, which may explain that growth in height accelerates driven by hormone changes during adolescence. The authors evaluated associations between the age of menarche and height as the adolescent growth indicator and breast cancer risk among 3,725 cases and 3,748 controls enrolled in a multicenter, case-control study in Korea, Seoul Breast Cancer Study (2001-2007). Logistic regression models were used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) of age at menarche (&lt;=13, 14-15, and 16+ years) and quintile of height calculated in each 10-year age group based on total participants for breast cancer risk. The associations were assessed in overall and in strata of menopausal status, birth year group (median, 1957) and hormone receptor status. Early menarche and taller height increased risk of breast cancer as expected; for both premenopausal and postmenopausal women, those starting menarche at 13 years or younger had 1.3-fold (95% CI: 1.1-1.6 for premenopausal women and 1.0-1.7 for postmenopausal women, respectively) comparing to women starting menarche at 16 years or older. In contrast, the association between height and breast cancer risk was different between menopausal status; women with 5th quintile in each age group had 2.1-fold (95% CI: 1.6-2.7) comparing to women with 1st quintile among postmenopausal women, however, associations were absent among premenopausal women. Age at menarche, height and birth year were highly correlated with each other; age at menarche and height increased as the birth year increased significantly. The associations of age at menarche and height on breast cancer in the strata of birth year group were similar with the associations in the menopausal status. Although cases with hormone receptor positive increased as the birth year increased, the ORs of age at menarche and height did not vary significantly by hormone receptor status. These findings suggest that age at menarche and adult height is associated with breast cancer overall, particularly among postmenopausal women or women born prior to 1957. This may result from the chronological changes of adolescent growth in Korea.
Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 640. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-640
Abstract 648: Tobacco assessment in actively accruing Cooperative Group clinical trials
Authors: Warren Graham W. , Peters Erica N. , Torres Essie , Cummings K. Michael , Gritz Ellen R. , Hyland Andrew , Herbst Roy , Marshall James R. , Toll Benjamin A. 
Published: August 2012

Abstract
Purpose: The lack of accurate prospective tobacco assessments in cancer patients limits the ability to provide tobacco cessation and to accurately evaluate the true impact of tobacco use on cancer treatment outcomes. The purpose of this study was to evaluate tobacco use assessment in patients enrolled in actively accruing cancer clinical trials. Methods: Protocols and forms for 155 actively accruing trials in the NCI's Clinical Trials Cooperative Group program were evaluated for detailed tobacco use assessment at enrollment and through follow-up using a structured coding instrument. Results: Of the 155 clinical trials reviewed, the mean accrual start date was 2008.6 (range 2003-2011), 74.1% were phase III trials, and the total potential accrual population was 106,985 patients. Any form of tobacco use (i.e., cigarette, pipe, cigar, smokeless tobacco, or unspecified “tobacco”) was assessed in 29% of trials (46% of total patient accrual) at enrollment. Current cigarette use at enrollment was assessed in 21.9% of trials and former cigarette use was assessed in 21.3% of trials. Only 4.5% of trials assessed any form of tobacco use during follow-up. Secondhand smoke exposure was captured in 2.6% of trials at enrollment and only 1 trial during follow-up. None of the trials assessed nicotine dependence or interest in quitting at any point during enrollment or treatment. Tobacco assessment varied by type of cancer with a higher proportion of patients being assessed in lung or head and neck cancer trials. Conclusion: Most actively accruing cooperative group clinical trials do not assess tobacco use. Failure to incorporate standardized tobacco assessments into funded national clinical trials will continue to limit the ability to provide evidence based cessation support and will limit the ability to accurately understand the precise impact of tobacco use on cancer treatment outcomes.
Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 648. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-648
Abstract 654: The effect of lung cancer screening awareness on smoking behavior among U.S. adults
Authors: Thompson Dianne N. , Barrett Richard A. , Deonarine Anand , Williams Carla D. , White-Coleman Debra , Thomas Alicia , Horton Sara , Cross Amanda J. , Laiyemo Adeyinka O. 
Published: August 2012

Abstract
Background: Emphasizing the risk of lung cancer can encourage smoking cessation, but use of spiral low-dose CT scans reduced lung cancer mortality in a recent randomized screening trial. It is unknown if awareness of lung cancer screening will influence smoking behavior. Aim: To evaluate the awareness of lung cancer screening and to determine if awareness of lung cancer screening affects smoking cessation-related behavior among current smokers. Methods: We identified 7,282 adult respondents who answered questions concerning their smoking-related behavior in the 2007 Health Information National Trends Survey (HINTS). We used logistic regression models to evaluate the association of smoking status with awareness of lung cancer screening and we also investigated the association of lung cancer screening awareness with smoking cessation behaviors among current smokers. Results: The mean age of responders was 54.1 years and 61.2% were females. There were 3,813 (52.4%) never smokers; 2,222 (30.5%) former smokers; and 1,247 (17.2%) current smokers. Overall, 2,183 (30.6%) of respondents had heard of a lung cancer screening test (29.6% never smokers, 33.4% former smokers, and 28.5% current smokers; P value = 0.002). Chest X-ray (64.4%) and CT scan (5.7%) were among the screening tests that they have heard of. Among current smokers, awareness of lung cancer screening had no effect on smoking cessation behavior after adjusting for age, sex, race, education, income and marital status (Table). Conclusion: Awareness of lung cancer screening tests did not affect smoking cessation behavior of current smokers. However, smoking cessation should be recommended for all current smokers and those with a history of smoking should be informed about lung cancer screening with CT scan.

Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 654. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-654
Abstract 655: Menopausal hormone therapy and breast cancer risk: The CECILE Study
Authors: Cordina-Duverger Emilie , Truong Thérèse , Anger Antoinette , Mulot Claire , Arveux Patrick , Kerbrat Pierre , Menegaux Florence , Guenel Pascal 
Published: August 2012

Abstract
Breast cancer in post-menopausal women has been associated with the use of menopausal hormone therapy (MHT). Estrogen-only (EO) and combined estrogen-progestagen (EP) therapies have been evaluated as potentially carcinogenic to human by the IARC. However, the type of estrogen and progestagen in the MHT varies considerably by country. For example, besides synthetic progestagens, the use of natural progesterone in combined EP therapy is specific to France. We investigated whether the association between MHT and breast cancer in postmenopausal women differ by type of chemical compound. We conducted a population-based case-control study in France in 762 cases and 840 controls recruited among postmenopausal women in two French “départements”. Data were collected including name of medication, date of start and end of each medication used. Unconditional logistic regression models were used, with adjustment for age, study area, and known risk factors for breast cancer. We observed a significant increased risk of breast cancer for current users of estrogen plus synthetic progestagen while no association was found for any use of estrogen-only therapy or combined therapy of estrogen plus natural progesterone. Among current users of estrogen plus synthetic progestagen, the association with breast cancer increased with duration of use and was higher in women who started their treatment before or shortly after menopause. Our study suggests that the use of natural progesterone as the progestagen component in a combined EP therapy is not associated with an increased risk of breast cancer. This result reinforces the findings reported in another cohort study of French women (E3N).

Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 655. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-655