bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Years of life lost and other mortality indices
Authors: Benjamin Bernard 
Published: April 2012

In 1953 together with a colleague (Benjamin and Logan) the author called attention to a paper by Haenzel (1950) describing a new index of mortality years of life lost.The argument was that many people were living for more than the three score and ten years and that every earlier death represented a loss of potential further years of life; that adding up the total years of life lost might be a significant measure of the toll of largely preventable disease; that changes in this total year by year would maximize the improvement gained by curative and especially preventative medicine.
Actuaries, pension funds and investment
Authors: Arthur T. G. , Randall P. A. 
Published: April 2012

AbstractThe authors discuss the investment of pension and other institutional funds. stressing a theme of investing to meet liabilities. Their aim is to stimulate debate by actuaries and the investment community, leading to the development of better approaches to pension fund investment and its monitoring.The first part of the paper considers the matching of assets to liabilities, concentrating on a major principle applicable to actuarial valuations where assets and liabilities are mismatched.The paper goes on to consider principles of institutional investment and includes discussions of the meaning and measurement of risk, the setting of investment objectives, decision-making, asset allocation and investment performance monitoring.
A generalization of Makeham's formula for valuation of securities
Authors: Hossack I. B. , Taylor G. C. 
Published: April 2012

One of the most powerful devices in the theory of compound interest is Makeham's formula. The essence of the formula may be stated as follows:Consider an admitted loan of C bearing interest at rate g per annum (payable pthly in arrear) per unit of admitted capital. The loan is to be repaid by a series of payments each of which contains a capital portion and an interest portion. Let K be the value at rate i per annum effective of all the capital portions.
Older people's experiences of cash-for-care schemes: evidence from the English Individual Budget pilot projects
Authors: MORAN NICOLA , GLENDINNING CAROLINE , WILBERFORCE MARK , STEVENS MARTIN , NETTEN ANN , JONES KAREN , MANTHORPE JILL , KNAPP MARTIN , FERNÁNDEZ JOSE-LUIS , CHALLIS DAVID , JACOBS SALLY 
Published: April 2012

ABSTRACTCash-for-care schemes offering cash payments in place of conventional social services are becoming commonplace in developed welfare states; however, there is little evidence about the impact of such schemes on older people. This paper reports on the impact and outcomes for older people of the recent English Individual Budget (IB) pilot projects (2005–07). It presents quantitative data on outcome measures from structured interviews with 263 older people who took part in a randomised controlled trial and findings from semi-structured interviews with 40 older people in receipt of IBs and with IB project leads in each of the 13 pilot sites. Older people spent their IBs predominantly on personal care, with little resources left for social or leisure activities; and had higher levels of psychological ill-health, lower levels of wellbeing, and worse self-perceived health than older people in receipt of conventional services. The qualitative interviews provide insights into these results. Potential advantages of IBs included increased choice and control, continuity of care worker, and the ability to reward some family carers. However, older people reported anxieties about the responsibility of organising their own support and managing their budget. For older people to benefit fully from cash-for-care schemes they need sufficient resources to purchase more than basic personal care; and access to help and advice in planning and managing their budget.
New generations, older bodies:danzón, age and ‘cultural rescue’ in the Port of Veracruz, Mexico
Authors: Malcomson Hettie 
Published: April 2012

AbstractUnderstandings and discourses about age have tended to be instrumental to popular music in terms of production, promotion and consumption, and many studies of popular music have taken younger people, and especially ‘youth’ cultures, as their subject matter. Where older people have been considered, the focus has mostly been retrospective, that is on their experiences when young and their attitudes to contemporary ‘youth’ cultures, rather than relationships between the temporal dimension of the life course and music. As the case of danzón illustrates, stereotypes that older people are resistant to novelty, change and possibility are ill founded. Moreover, where age is used to justify rescuing ‘cultural traditions’, caution may be called for and analysis required to assess what lies behind such claims and why. In Veracruz, the older age of the majority of danzón performers is evoked to ‘authenticate’ this local ‘tradition’, and justify its ‘rescue’ and promotion by Veracruz's culture industries. Yet, older people are not considered repositories of ‘tradition’ or sought out as ‘authentic’ practitioners. Instead, many older performers are new to danzón.
Talking About Old Records: generational musical identity among older people
Authors: Connell Matt 
Published: April 2012

AbstractThis paper explores ethnographic findings gathered during my work as a DJ and academic, particularly in relation to a community arts project called Talking About Old Records. This project brings together teenagers and older people from a range of backgrounds at collaborative workshops using DJ technology and old records. These facilitate conversations about what music means to the participants. This paper puts the emphasis on the older people, exploring the emergence of generational musical identities from the 1940s onwards. Relationships between the spread of personal listening technologies, ‘youth music’ and the birth of the teenager in the 1950s are explored in the context of older people's fears about a loss of musical sociality, fears which are articulated against a background of cyclical manifestations of intergenerational musical conflict and scandal.
Prevalence of seasonal influenza vaccination and associated factors in people with chronic diseases in Hong Kong
Authors: TSUI H. Y. , LAU J. T. F. , LIN C. , CHOI K. C. 
Published: April 2012

SUMMARYChronic disease patients are at high risk of developing serious influenza-related complications. This study investigated the prevalence of seasonal influenza vaccination (IV) and associated factors in such patients. A random sample of 704 Chinese adults with chronic disease was anonymously interviewed by telephone; 35·8% of them had ever taken up IV and 22·7% did so during the last flu season. The most frequently mentioned facilitator was recommendation made by a healthcare worker (HCW). Knowledge that IV is required annually, perceived severe health impacts of influenza, and recommendation made by a HCW were positively associated with previous IV and intention to take up IV in the next year, while perceived side-effects was inversely associated with previous IV and intention to take up IV. The coverage of IV in this study population was low. HCWs should clarify IV-related health beliefs in chronic disease patients and actively advise them to take up IV.
Distance Preserving Ramsey Graphs
Authors: DELLAMONICA DOMINGOS , RÖDL VOJTĚCH 
Published: April 2012

We prove the following metric Ramsey theorem. For any connected graph G endowed with a linear order on its vertex set, there exists a graph R such that in every colouring of the t-sets of vertices of R it is possible to find a copy G* of G inside R satisfying:
•distG*(x, y) = distR(x, y) for every x, y ∈ V(G*);•the colour of each t-set in G* depends only on the graph-distance metric induced in G by the ordered t-set.
Amphetamine-induced memory impairment in a discriminative avoidance task is state-dependent in mice
Authors: Sanday Leandro , Patti Camilla L. , Zanin Karina A. , Tufik Sergio , Frussa-Filho Roberto 
Published: April 2012

Abstract
In both humans and laboratory animals, the reports of cognitive effects following acute amphetamine (Amph) administration are mixed and depend, for example, on the timing of administration (e.g. before or after task acquisition) and/or on the memory model used. Besides its cognitive effects, Amph produces other important behavioural effects, including alterations in anxiety and general activity, which could modify the subject's internal state, thereby facilitating state-dependent learning. Importantly, state-dependency has been linked to drug dependence in humans. This study evaluates the role of state-dependent learning in Amph-induced memory deficits in mice submitted to a discriminative avoidance task. Mice were given Amph (3 mg/kg) before training and/or before testing in the plus-maze discriminative avoidance task, an animal model that concomitantly evaluates learning, memory, anxiety-like behaviour and general activity. Pre-training Amph administration did not affect the ability to learn the discriminative task, but rather induced anxiogenic-like effects and a marked retention deficit in the test session. This memory impairment was completely absent when animals received Amph before both the training and the test sessions. Amph-induced memory impairment of a discriminative avoidance task is state-dependent, such that a response acquired in the ‘Amph state’ cannot be recalled in the normal state. The involvement of anxiety alterations in this ‘Amph state’ is discussed.
The Impact of CoRoT and Kepler on Eclipsing Binary Science
Authors: Maceroni Carla , Gandolfi Davide , Montalbán Josefina , Aerts Conny 
Published: April 2012

AbstractThe CoRoT and Kepler space missions have opened a new era in eclipsing binary research. While specifically designed for exoplanet search, they offer as by-products the discovery and monitoring of variable stars, in great majority eclipsing binaries (EB). The missions are therefore providing thousands of EB light curves of unprecedented accuracy (typically a few hundred parts per million, ppm), with regular sampling (from 1s to 29m), extending over time spans of months, and with a very high duty cycle (>90%).Thanks to this excellent photometry, research topics as asteroseismology of EB components are quickly developing, and physical phenomena such as doppler boosting, theoretically predicted but extremely difficult to observe from the ground, have been unambiguously detected. We present the main properties of the Corot and Kepler EB samples and briefly review the highlights of the missions in this field.
Statistical Investigation of Physical and Geometrical Parameters in Close Binaries using the ASAS Database
Authors: Nedoroščik J. , Vaňko M. , Parimucha Š. 
Published: April 2012

AbstractThe main goal of this work was to find dependencies between Fourier coefficients, which were developed by light curve fitting with Fourier polynomials. The light curves were acquired from the ASAS database (All Sky Automated Survey). In this statistical research it was necessary to sort and modify these data, because light curves of eclipsing binaries are just part of a bigger database, which contains the light curves of pulsating variable stars, novas etc. It was required to phase and normalize all of our light curves, that it could be possible to use a program to fit light curves with Fourier coefficients. Thereafter, we were looking for relations between Fourier coefficients.
Long-Term Variability and Outburst Activity of FS Aurigae: Further Evidence for a Third Body in the System
Authors: Neustroev V. , Sjoberg G. , Tovmassian G. , Zharikov S. , Heras T. Arranz , Lake P. B. , Lane D. , Lubcke G. , Henden A. A. 
Published: April 2012

AbstractFS Aurigae is famous for a variety of uncommon and puzzling periodic photometric and spectroscopic variabilities which do not fit well into any of the established sub-classes of cataclysmic variables. Here we present preliminary results of long-term monitoring of the system, conducted during the 2010-2011 observational season. We show that the long-term variability of FS Aur and the character of its outburst activity may be caused by variations in the mass transfer rate from the secondary star as the result of eccentricity modulation of a close binary orbit induced by the presence of a third body on a circumbinary orbit.
The Photometric Study of Neglected Short-Period Eclipsing Binary BS Vulpeculae
Authors: Zejda Miloslav , Mikulášek Zdeněk , Zhu Liying , Qian Shengbang , Liška Jiří 
Published: April 2012

AbstractThe preliminary results of a study of a neglected, relatively bright, short-periodic (P=0.48 d), near contact eclipsing binary BS Vulpeculae is given. We present our new complete (BVRI) light curves, and physical parameters of the system based on them, derived by the 2003 version of the Wilson–Van Hamme code.
Circumbinary Planets and the SOLARIS Project
Authors: Konacki Maciej , Sybilski Piotr , Kozłowski Stanisław K. , Ratajczak Milena , Hełminiak Krzysztof G. 
Published: April 2012

AbstractExtrasolar planets in binary and multiple star systems have become a noticeable niche with about 50 planets among over 500 known. Here we however focus on a particular subset of exoplanets in binary star systems — circumbinary planets. They have the unique advantage that a search for circumbinary planets does also significantly contribute to the understanding of their parent stars. We review what is currently known about circumbinary planets and then introduce our two projects aimed at detecting circumbinary planets: The TATOOINE project to find circumbinary planets around non-eclipsing double-lined spectroscopic binary stars with precision radial velocities, and the SOLARIS project to detect circumbinary planets with the timing of eclipses of eclipsing binary stars. For the SOLARIS project, we were granted 2.6 million USD to establish a network of at least four robotic 0.5-m telescopes on three continents (Australia, Africa and South America) to carry out precision photometry of a sample of eclipsing binary stars. We expect that both projects will have a large impact also on the observational stellar astronomy.
Stellar Wobble Due to a Nearby Binary System
Authors: Morais M. H. M. , Correia A. C. M. 
Published: April 2012

AbstractTo date, there are several reported exoplanet detections within binary star systems. These findings are based on radial velocity data for the target star. However, the companion star could in turn have a companion of which we are not aware. We describe how this hidden binary system affects the radial velocity of the target star, mimicking a planet in some circumstances We also explain what can be done in practice in order to distinguish between these two effects.
Pipeline for Making Images of Gas Flows in Binary Stars
Authors: Richards Mercedes T. , Slobounov Elena , Conover Marshall , Fisher John , Cocking Alexander 
Published: April 2012

AbstractThe data collection and data analysis pipeline for the study and imaging of interacting binaries is outlined. This process includes the systematic collection of time-resolved spectra of individual systems, data reduction including subtraction of the stellar spectra, application of tomography codes to reveal images of the gas flows in 2D and 3D, comparison of the observed spectrum with synthetic spectra of the accretion disk and gas stream, and application of 3D visualization techniques.
Differential Rotation in Two RS CVn Systems: σ Gem and ζ And
Authors: Kővári Zsolt , Bartus János , Kriskovics Levente , Oláh Katalin , Vida Krisztián , Ribárik Orsolya , Strassmeier Klaus G. 
Published: April 2012

AbstractThe differentially rotating convective envelope is an indispensable element of the magnetic dynamo working in RS CVn-systems. Tidal coupling is responsible for maintaining fast rotation, and also the observed high level of magnetic activity. In this work, we compare the physical properties of two well known RS CVn-type binaries, that is the long-period system σ Gem and the ellipsoidal variable ζ And. For the comparison, we use the results obtained from processing time-series Doppler images. We also aim at understanding how differential rotation could be affected by tidal forces in such close binaries.
Polarimetry of Exoplanetary System CoRoT-2
Authors: Kostogryz N. M. , Yakobchuk T. M. , Vidmachenko A. P. 
Published: April 2012

AbstractWe present the results of modelling the polarization resulting from the planetary transits and stellar spots in the system Corot-2 using the Monte Carlo method. The planetary transit was estimated to produce a polarization maximum at the limb of ~5 × 10−6, adopting solar center-to-limb polarization. Assuming different parameters of the spots, we evaluated the flux and polarization changes due to the stellar activity.
Hot Stars with Winds: The CMFGEN Code
Authors: Hillier D. John 
Published: April 2012

Abstractcmfgen is an atmosphere code developed to model the spectra of a variety of objects – O stars, Wolf-Rayet stars, luminous blue variables, A and B stars, central stars of planetary nebula, and supernovae. The principal computational aim of cmfgen is to determine the temperature and ionization structure of the atmosphere, and the atomic level populations. Toward this end, we have developed several different radiative transfer modules that (a) solve the transfer equation for spherical geometry in the comoving frame, (b) solve the static transfer equation in the plane parallel approximation without, or with, a vertical velocity field, (c) solve the static transfer code for a spherical atmosphere allowing for all relativistic terms, (d) solve the time-dependent spherical transfer equation to first order in v/c for a homologous expansion, and (e) solve the time-dependent spherical transfer equation allowing for all relativistic terms. To achieve consistency between the radiation field, temperature structure, and level populations we use a linearization technique. Line blanketing is accurately treated while complex photoionization cross-sections, containing numerous resonances, can also be handled. Spectra, for comparison with observation, are computed using cmf_flux. Several other auxiliary programs have also been developed – these include diagnostic tools as well as programs that allow the effect on spectra of rotation and departures from spherical geometry to be investigated. In this presentation we will briefly describe cmfgen and auxiliary codes.
Comparison of Limb-Darkening Laws from Plane-Parallel and Spherically-Symmetric Model Stellar Atmospheres
Authors: Neilson Hilding R. 
Published: April 2012

AbstractLimb-darkening is a fundamental constraint for modeling eclipsing binary and planetary transit light curves. As observations, for example from Kepler, CoRot, and Most, become more precise then a greater understanding of limb-darkening is necessary. However, limb-darkening is typically modeled as simple parameterizations fit to plane-parallel model stellar atmospheres that ignores stellar atmospheric extension. In this work, I compute linear, quadratic and four-parameter limb-darkening laws from grids of plane-parallel and spherically-symmetric model stellar atmospheres in a temperature and gravity range representing stars evolving on the Red Giant branch. The limb-darkening relations for each geometry are compared and are found to fit plane-parallel models much better than the spherically-symmetric models. Assuming that limb-darkening from spherically-symmetry model atmospheres are more physically representative of actual stellar limb-darkening than plane-parallel models, then these limb-darkening laws will not fit the limb of a stellar disk leading to errors in a light curve fit. This error will increase with a star's atmospheric extension.
Hydrodynamics of Decretion Disks of Rapidly Rotating Stars
Authors: Kurfürst Petr 
Published: April 2012

AbstractDuring the evolution of hot stars, the equatorial rotational velocity can approach its critical value. Further increase in rotation rate is not allowed, consequently mass and angular momentum loss is needed to keep the star near and below its critical rotation. The matter ejected from the equatorial surface forms the outflowing viscous decretion disk. Models of outflowing disks of hot stars have not yet been elaborated in detail, although it is clear that such disks can significantly influence the evolution of rapidly rotating stars. One of the most important features is the disk radial temperature variation because the results will help us to specify the mass and angular momentum loss of rotating stars via decretion disks.
Multi-dimensional Modeling of Massive Binary Interaction in Eta Carinae
Authors: Groh J. H. 
Published: April 2012

AbstractWe summarize recent efforts from our group to constrain the nature of both stars in the Eta Carinae binary system and its orbital parameters by studying the influence of the companion star on the spectrum of the primary star. We find that the cavity in the dense wind of the primary star strongly affects multi-wavelength diagnostics such as the ultraviolet spectrum, the optical hydrogen lines, and the shape of the near-infrared continuum region. These diagnostics have been previously interpreted as requiring a latitude-dependent wind generated by a fast-rotating primary star, but the effects of the companion on them provide tenuous evidence that the primary star is a rapid rotator.
Creation of Neutral Disk-like Zone Around the Active Hot Star in Symbiotic Binaries
Authors: Cariková Zuzana , Skopal Augustin 
Published: April 2012

AbstractWe investigated the ionization structure of symbiotic binaries during their active phases. We found that a neutral disk-like zone around the hot star can be created as a result of its enhanced wind and fast, 200 - 300 km s−1, rotation. Calculated column densities of the neutral hydrogen atoms throughout the neutral zone and emission measures of the ionized part of the wind from the hot star are in a good agreement with those derived from observations.
Advances in Modeling Eclipsing Binary Stars in the Era of Large All-Sky Surveys with EBAI and PHOEBE
Authors: Prša A. , Guinan E. F. , Devinney E. J. , Degroote P. , Bloemen S. , Matijevič G. 
Published: April 2012

AbstractWith the launch of NASA's Kepler mission, stellar astrophysics in general, and the eclipsing binary star field in particular, has witnessed a surge in data quality, interpretation possibilities, and the ability to confront theoretical predictions with observations. The unprecedented data accuracy and an essentially uninterrupted observing mode of over 2000 eclipsing binaries is revolutionizing the field. Amidst all this excitement, we came to realize that our best models to describe the physical and geometric properties of binaries are not good enough. Systematic errors are evident in a large range of binary light curves, and the residuals are anything but Gaussian. This is crucial because it limits us in the precision of the attained parameters. Since eclipsing binary stars are prime targets for determining the fundamental properties of stars, including their ages and distances, the penalty for this loss of accuracy affects other areas of astrophysics as well. Here, we propose to substantially revamp our current models by applying the lessons learned while reducing, modeling, and analyzing Kepler data.