bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of HIIT training and HIIT combined with circuit resistance training on measures of physical fitness, miRNA expression, and metabolic risk factors in overweight/obese middle-aged women
Authors: Pashaei Zhaleh , Malandish Abbas , Alipour Shahriar , Jafari Afshar , Laher Ismail , Hackney Anthony C. , Suzuki Katsuhiko , Granacher Urs , Saeidi Ayoub , Zouhal Hassane 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Objective
The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of 10 weeks of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and HIIT combined with circuit resistance training (HCRT) on selected measures of physical fitness, the expression of miR-9, -15a, -34a, -145, and − 155 as well as metabolic risk factors including lipid profiles and insulin resistance in middle-aged overweight/obese women.

Methods
Twenty-seven overweight/obese women aged 35–50 yrs. were randomized to HIIT (n = 14) or HCRT (n = 13) groups. The HIIT group performed running exercises (5 reps x 4 min per session) with active recovery between repetitions for 10 weeks with 5 weekly sessions. The HCRT group performed 10 weeks of HIIT and resistance training with 3 weekly HIIT sessions and 2 weekly HCRT sessions. Anthropometric measures (e.g., body mass), selected components of physical fitness (cardiovascular fitness, muscle strength), levels of miRNAs (miR-9, -15a, -34a, -145, and − 155), lipid profiles (total cholesterol; TC, Triglycerides; TG, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; HDL-C), and insulin resistance; HOMA-IR index, were measured at baseline and week 10.

Results
An ANOVA analysis indicated no significant group by time interactions (p > 0.05) for all anthropometric measures, and maximum oxygen consumption (VO2max). A significant group by time interaction, however, was found for the one-repetition maximum (IRM; p < 0.001, ES= 0.751 , moderate). A post-hoc test indicated an increase in the pre-to-post mean 1RM for HCRT (p = 0.001, ES = 1.83, large). There was a significant group by time interaction for miR-155 (p = 0.05, ES = 0.014, trivial). Levels for miR-155 underwent pre-to-post HIIT increases (p = 0.045, ES = 1.232, large). Moreover, there were also significant group by time interactions for TC (p = 0.035, ES = 0.187, trivial), TG (p < 0.001, ES = 0.586, small), LDL-C (p = 0.029, ES = 0.200, small) and HDL-C (p = 0.009, ES = 0.273, small). Post-hoc tests indicated pre-post HCRT decreases for TC (p = 0.001, ES = 1.44, large) and HDL-C (p = 0.001, ES = 1.407, large). HIIT caused pre-to-post decreases in TG (p = 0.001, ES = 0.599, small), and LDL-C (p = 0.001, ES = 0.926, moderate).

Conclusions
Both training regimes did not improve cardiovascular fitness. But, HCRT improved lower/upper limb muscle strength, and HIIT resulted in an increase in miR-155 expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Furthermore, HIIT and HCRT each improved selected metabolic risk factors including lipid profiles and glucose and insulin metabolism in overweight/obese middle-aged women.

Trial registration
OSF, October, 4th 2023. Registration DOI: https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/UZ92E. osf.io/tc5ky. “Retrospectively registered”.
Cholinesterase inhibitors and memantine are associated with a reduced mortality in nursing home residents with dementia: a longitudinal observational study
Authors: Havreng-Théry Charlotte , Oquendo Bruno , Zolnowski-Kolp Victoria , Krolak-Salmon Pierre , Bertin-Hugault François , Lafuente-Lafuente Carmelo , Belmin Joël 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
A large proportion of nursing home (NH) residents suffer from dementia and effects of conventional anti-dementia drugs on their health is poorly known. We aimed to investigate the associations between exposure to anti-dementia drugs and mortality among NH residents.

Methods
This retrospective longitudinal observational study involved 229 French NH and the residents admitted in these facilities since 2014 and having major neurocognitive disorder. From their electronic health records, we obtained their age, sex, level of dependency, Charlson comorbidity index, and Mini mental examination score at admission. Exposure to anti-dementia drugs was determined using their prescription into 4 categories: none, exposure to acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (AChEI) alone, exposure to memantine alone, exposure to AChEI and memantine. Survival until the end of 2019 was studied in the entire cohort by Cox proportional hazards. To alleviate bias related to prescription of anti-dementia drugs, we formed propensity-score matched cohorts for each type of anti-dementia drug exposure, and studied survival by the same method.

Results
We studied 25,358 NH residents with major neurocognitive disorder. Their age at admission was 87.1 + 7.1 years and 69.8% of them were women. Exposure to anti-dementia drugs occurred in 2,550 (10.1%) for AChEI alone, in 2,055 (8.1%) for memantine alone, in 460 (0.2%) for AChEI plus memantine, whereas 20,293 (80.0%) had no exposure to anti-dementia drugs. Adjusted hazard ratios for mortality were significantly reduced for these three groups exposed to anti-dementia drugs, as compared to reference group: HR: 0.826, 95%CI 0.769 to 0.888 for AChEI; 0.857, 95%CI 0.795 to 0.923 for memantine; 0.742, 95%CI 0.640 to 0.861 for AChEI plus memantine. Results were consistent in propensity-score matched cohorts.

Conclusion
The use of conventional anti-dementia drugs is associated with a lower mortality in nursing home residents with dementia and should be widely used in this population.
Improving power efficiency in 6G wireless communication networks through reconfigurable intelligent surfaces for different phase information
Authors: Rad Amin Mahmoudi , Pourrostam Jafar , Tinati Mohammad Ali 
Published: May 2024

AbstractWith increasing needs for high-bitrate, ultra-reliability, spectral efficiency, power efficiency, and reducing latency in the wireless network, global studies on the sixth generation of this network began in 2020. In this paper, we will look at intelligent reconfigurable surface structure and its application in new promising physical layer technologies, such as terahertz communications and UM-MIMO systems, to support very high-bitrate and superior network capacity in the 6G wireless communications. However, terahertz communications and UM-MIMO systems are the primary research points and confront many challenges for practical implementation. They require many RF chains and create problems in terms of cost and hardware complexity which RIS can simplify hardware and reduce cost. Therefore, we will present different modeling of wireless communication systems based on RIS for different phase information. Simulation results obtained by examining SNR performance and the error probability that shows the improvement of the received signal quality. According to results, RIS-based wireless communications can become an optimized model for future wireless communication systems.
Can commodity prices predict stock market returns? The case of dry bulk shipping companies
Authors: Melas Konstantinos D. , Michail Nektarios A. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractWe explore the relationship between the returns of 45 dry bulk shipping company stock prices and the main 15 commodities that bulk carriers transport. Using a principal component analysis to reduce the dimensionality of the commodities dataset and a panel methodology, we find that a change in the commodity price principal component would result in a 0.6% change in the returns of the shipping stock prices. Minerals appear to have a stronger impact, as a 1% change in the minerals principal component results in a 1.1% change in the returns. This is mainly due to the fact that minerals account for larger trade volumes in the dry bulk market and they employ mostly bigger vessels, while the price of Brent oil is also an important factor affecting shipping stock prices.
Insect live larvae as a new nutritional model in duck: effects on gut health
Authors: Colombino Elena , Gariglio Marta , Biasato Ilaria , Ferrocino Ilario , Pozzo Sara , Fragola Emma , Battisti Elena , Zanet Stefania , Ferroglio Ezio , Capucchio Maria Teresa , Schiavone Achille 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundThis study aimed to evaluate the effects ofHermetia illucens(Black soldier fly-BSF) andTenebrio molitor(Yellow mealworm-YMW) live larvae as a new nutritional model on duck’s gut health, considering gut histomorphometry, mucin composition, cytokines transcription levels, and microbiota. A total of 126, 3-days-old, females Muscovy ducks were randomly allotted to three dietary treatments (6 replicates/treatment, 7 birds/pen): (i) C: basal diet; (ii) BSF: C + BSF live larvae; (iii) YMW: C + YMW live larvae. BSF and YMW live larvae were administered on top of the basal diet, based on the 5% of the expected daily feed intake. The live weight, average daily gain, average daily feed intake and feed conversion ratio were evaluated for the whole experimental period. On day 52, 12 ducks/treatment (2 birds/replicate) were slaughtered and samples of duodenum, jejunum, ileum, spleen, liver, thymus and bursa of Fabricius were collected for histomorphometry. Mucin composition was evaluated in the small intestine through histochemical staining while jejunal MUC-2 and cytokines transcription levels were evaluated by rt-qPCR. Cecal microbiota was also analyzed by means of 16 S rRNA gene sequencing.ResultsBirds’ growth performance and histomorphometry were not influenced by diet, with a proximo-distal decreasing gradient from duodenum to ileum (p < 0.001), respecting the physiological gut development. Mucin staining intensity and MUC-2 gene expression did not vary among dietary treatments, even though mucin intensity increased from duodenum to ileum, according to normal gut mucus physiology (p < 0.001). Regarding local immune response, IL-6 was higher in YMW group when compared to the other groups (p = 0.009). Insect live larvae did not affect cecal microbiota diversity, but BSF and YMW groups showed a higher presence ofHelicobacter,Elusimicrobium, andSuccinatimonasand a lower abundance of Coriobacteriaceae andPhascolarctobacteriumcompared to C birds (p < 0.05).ConclusionsThe use of BSF and YMW live larvae as new nutritional model did not impair gut development and mucin composition of Muscovy ducks, but slightly improved the intestinal immune status and the microbiota composition by enhancing regulatory cytokine IL-6 and by increasing minor Operational Taxonomic Units (OTUs) involved in short-chain fatty acids production.
A high-quality haplotype genome of Michelia alba DC reveals differences in methylation patterns and flower characteristics
Authors: Jiang Sirong , Zou Meiling , Zhang Chenji , Ma wanfeng , Xia Chengcai , Li Zixuan , Zhao Long , Liu Qi , Yu Fen , Huang Dongyi , Xia Zhiqiang 
Published: May 2024

AbstractMichelia alba DC is a highly valuable ornamental plant of the Magnoliaceae family. This evergreen tropical tree commonly grows in Southeast Asia and is adored for its delightful fragrance. Our study assembled the M. alba haplotype genome MC and MM by utilizing Nanopore ultralong reads, Pacbio Hifi long reads and parental second-generation data. Moreover, the first methylation map of Magnoliaceae was constructed based on the methylation site data obtained using Nanopore data. Metabolomic datasets were generated from the flowers of three different species to assess variations in pigment and volatile compound accumulation. Finally, transcriptome data were generated to link genomic, methylation, and morphological patterns to reveal the reasons underlying the differences between M. alba and its parental lines in petal color, flower shape, and fragrance. We found that the AP1 and AP2 genes are crucial in M. alba petal formation, while the 4CL, PAL, and C4H genes control petal color. The data generated in this study serve as a foundation for future physiological and biochemical research on M. alba, facilitate the targeted improvement of M. alba varieties, and offer a theoretical basis for molecular research on Michelia L.
Datopotamab deruxtecan (Dato-DXd) vs chemotherapy (CT) in previously treated inoperable or metastatic hormone receptor-positive, HER2-negative (HR+/HER2–) breast cancer (BC): Patient-reported outcomes (PROs) from the TROPION-Breast01 study.
Authors: Pernas Sonia , Im Seock-Ah , Hattori Masaya , Xu Binghe , Wang Shusen , Lu Yen-Shen , Borges Giuliano , Tsurutani Junji , Jhaveri Komal L. , Zhang Qingyuan , De Laurentiis Michelino , Martinez-Jañez Noelia , Hamilton Erika P. , Rugo Hope S. , Kalinsky Kevin , Tolaney Sara M. , Shi Lei , Khan Sabrina Sharmin , Zhu Yanyan , Bardia Aditya 
Published: May 2024

1006 Background: In the primary analysis of the Phase 3 TROPION-Breast01 study (NCT05104866), Dato-DXd showed a statistically significant and clinically meaningful improvement in progression-free survival vs investigator’s choice of CT (ICC) (HR 0.63 [95% CI 0.52‒0.76]; p<0.0001) (Bardia et al, ESMO 2023). Here we report PROs from TROPION-Breast01. Methods: Patients with inoperable or metastatic HR+/HER2‒ BC, with disease progression on endocrine therapy and for whom endocrine therapy was unsuitable and who had received 1‒2 prior lines of systemic CT, were randomized 1:1 to Dato-DXd (6 mg/kg Q3W, n=365) or ICC (eribulin/vinorelbine/capecitabine/gemcitabine, n=367). PROs were measured at prespecified timepoints, including secondary PRO endpoints of time to deterioration (TTD) in global health status (GHS)/QoL, physical functioning, and pain based on EORTC QLQ-C30, and exploratory PRO endpoints based on additional questionnaires. Results: PRO questionnaire compliance was 82.5% at baseline in both arms and remained similar across arms over time. TTD was delayed in Dato-DXd vs ICC arms for all secondary endpoints. In an analysis of time to first deterioration (primary analysis), median TTD (HR [95% CI]) in GHS/QoL was 3.4 vs 2.1 months (0.85 [0.68–1.06]), physical functioning was 5.6 vs 3.5 months (0.77 [0.61–0.99]), and pain was 3.5 vs 2.8 months (0.85 [0.68–1.07]); in an analysis of time to confirmed deterioration (sensitivity analysis), median TTD in GHS/QoL was 9.0 vs 4.8 months (0.76 [0.58–0.98]), physical functioning was 12.5 vs 6.2 months (0.77 [0.59–1.01]), and pain was 9.0 vs 5.5 months (0.72 [0.55–0.94]). The Table shows TTD in other selected functioning and symptom scales from EORTC. Patient-reported symptomatic AEs (measured by PRO-CTCAE and EORTC) were generally consistent with clinician-reported safety data, and patient-reported treatment tolerability (measured by PGI-TT) was comparable between arms. Conclusions: In TROPION-Breast01, TTD was delayed in the Dato-DXd vs ICC arms for GHS/QoL, physical functioning, pain, and most other symptoms and functioning scales. PRO data complement the improvement in efficacy and manageable safety profile demonstrated with Dato-DXd vs ICC in the primary analysis, supporting Dato-DXd as a potential new, well tolerated therapeutic option in this setting. Clinical trial information: NCT05104866 . [Table: see text]
Association between social determinants of health and time to treatment for newly diagnosed multiple myeloma.
Authors: Gasoyan Hamlet , Anwer Faiz , Kovach Jeffrey D. , Casacchia Nicholas J. , Wang Ming , Rothberg Michael B. 
Published: May 2024

1583 Background: Delayed access to costly anti-myeloma agents due to insurance precertification process or out-of-pocket costs results in treatment initiation with less-costly corticosteroids in some patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (NDMM). Less is known about the scope of the delay and the factors associated with it. Methods: This retrospective cohort study used Taussig Cancer Center’s Myeloma Patient Registry to identify adults with NDMM between January 1, 2017 and December 31, 2021. Electronic health records data captured (1) time from initial diagnosis to receipt of FDA-approved anti-myeloma agent including vs. excluding corticosteroids, (2) time to initial prescription fill for FDA-approved anti-myeloma drug excluding corticosteroids, and (3) association of race, sex, primary insurance type, area deprivation index (ADI), urbanicity, and time to initial fill for anti-myeloma drug excluding corticosteroids. The latter was examined via cumulative incidence at 30 days since initial diagnosis using the log-rank test and multivariable Cox regression model. Results: We identified 723 patients with a mean age at diagnosis of 67 years ±11; 55% were male, 77% White, 22% Black, and 1% other races, covered by private insurance (36%), traditional Medicare (28%), Medicare Advantage (25%), Medicaid (8.4%), and self-pay/other (1.8%); and median follow-up of 784 days (interquartile range [IQR], 415, 1313). Over a third of patients (37%) resided in an area in the most disadvantaged quartile of the ADI; 83% resided in a metropolitan area. Median time to receipt of anti-myeloma treatment was 10 days (IQR, 2, 24) including corticosteroids vs. 18 days (IQR, 8, 37) excluding corticosteroids. Median time to initial prescription fill for an anti-myeloma drug excluding corticosteroids was 31 days (IQR, 16, 75). The cumulative incidence of prescription fill for anti-myeloma drug excluding corticosteroids at 30 days was 40% (95% CI, 36%, 44%) in White individuals, 28% (95% CI, 21%, 36%) in Black patients, and 17% (95% CI, 0.42%, 64%) in other races (P=.009) [adjusted HR for Black patients (v. White), 0.63, 95% CI, 0.44, 0.90]; 31% (95% CI, 25%, 38%) in patients with traditional Medicare, 37% (95% CI, 30%, 44%) with Medicare Advantage, 44% (95% CI, 38%, 50%) with Private Insurance, 34% (95% CI, 23%, 48%) with Medicaid, and 31% (95% CI, 9.1%, 61%) self-paying/with other insurance (P=.07) [adjusted HR for private insurance (v. traditional Medicare), 1.41, 95% CI, 1.04, 1.93]; 40% (95% CI, 36%, 44%) treated in Taussig Cancer Center and 25% (95% CI, 17%, 34%) in regional hospitals (P=.003) [adjusted HR for regional hospitals, 0.59, 95% CI, 0.40, 0.89]. Conclusions: Disparities in time to prescription fill for anti-myeloma drugs exist based on socio-demographic factors. Future research should examine the role of precertification criteria and out-of-pocket costs in delays with recommended care.
Improving lung cancer health equity by applying deep learning to low dose CT screening of minority and disadvantaged patients.
Authors: Zakkar Abdul , Krule Alexander , Miglani Mehak , Gadi VK , Kovitz Kevin , Pasquinelli Mary , Weinberg Frank , Molina Yamile , Kim Sage J , Khan Aly , Nguyen Ryan Huu-Tuan , Salahudeen Ameen Abdulla 
Published: May 2024

1584 Background: In the US, disparities in lung cancer mortality exist for African American, Hispanic, and other minorities. Standard of care low dose CT screening (LDCT) detects early-stage disease and improves mortality, yet disparities are perpetuated in screening by eligibility criteria derived from cohorts underrepresenting these minorities. One such cohort is the National Lung Screening Trial (NLST) cohort which is 92% White. Consequently, guidelines for lung cancer screening may be insufficient to address the unique needs of diverse populations. We hypothesize that Artificial Intelligence prediction of future lung cancer risk from an individual’s LDCT can partially mitigate racial and ethnic disparities and improve health system practice guidelines by individualizing screening risk as compared to current general guidelines. Here, we benchmark a Resnet18 3D neural network trained on NLST LDCT images, Sybil, on the diverse patient population of the University of Illinois Health system (UIH) which is 20% White and 60% African American. Methods: A real-world cohort from UIH consisting of 1,450 CT studies was evaluated alongside 60,378 CT studies from the NLST cohort. All CT studies evaluated by the model were not used in model training. Using Youden’s J index as a probability cutoff, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and accuracy were evaluated. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) and precision-recall (PR) curves were generated to assess model performance between cohorts. NLST data were truncated to achieve equivalent incidence of lung cancer with UIH when generated PR curves. Results: Multi-year prediction performance (ROC-AUC and PR-AUC) between cohorts are summarized (Table). For prediction of lung cancer within 1-year of LDCT in the UIH cohort, the model respectively demonstrated sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value among White (0.80, 0.77, 0.54, 0.92), African American (0.84, 0.78, 0.39, 0.97) races and Hispanic (0.75, 0.73, 0.60, 0.84) and non-Hispanic (0.87, 0.77, 0.42, 0.97) ethnicities. Conclusions: Model performance was similar between the NLST (92% White) and a diverse, real-world cohort at UIH (20% White) though decreases in ROC-AUC performance in year 1 predictions and may be due to insufficient representation of minority populations during model training. Prospective studies involving larger and more representative patient populations should be conducted to further optimize the model and evaluate its clinical utility to improve lung cancer health equity in minority populations.[Table: see text]