bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Patient-reported use of pancreatic enzyme replacement treatment (PERT) in pancreatic cancer in New Zealand and Australia: a cross-sectional survey study
Authors: Landers Amanda , Brown Helen , Al Ruheili Juhaina , Russell Kylie , McKenzie Clare , Agar Meera R. , Yenson Vanessa M. , Clarke Kate , Windsor John 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Purpose
This study investigated pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy (PERT) use in people diagnosed with pancreatic cancer in New Zealand (NZ) and Australia (AU).

Methods
A cross-sectional survey study was conducted using a mixed-media campaign to recruit people with pancreatic cancer and collect information about current PERT use. The questionnaire gathered data on participant demographics, awareness of PERT, prescribing practices and efficacy of enzyme replacement.

Results
Over 300 people with pancreatic cancer were recruited, 135 from New Zealand and 199 from Australia. Every region, state and territory was represented except for the West Coast (NZ) and the Northern Territory (AU), the lowest populated areas in both countries. In New Zealand, 60% of participants had heard about PERT, compared to 69.3% in Australia. Dosing regimens were inconsistent in both countries, with 18% and 27% of participants being prescribed PERT considered best practice in New Zealand and Australia, respectively. Before PERT commencement, 70% of participants experienced symptoms of malabsorption, with all symptoms improving after therapy was established. The majority of participants were compliant with their medication.

Conclusion
PERT use in pancreatic cancer in New Zealand and Australia was highly variable and not compliant with international guidelines in which PERT is recommended as standard therapy. Enzyme replacement is effective for improving the symptoms of malabsorption in patients with pancreatic cancer. Clinician education may be needed to help improve the use of PERT in people with pancreatic cancer.
Empfehlungen der Österreichischen Gesellschaft für Kinder- und Jugendheilkunde zur Prophylaxe einer RSV-Infektion mit Nirsevimab
Authors: Resch Bernhard , Strenger Volker , Zacharasiewicz Angela , Zwiauer Karl , Berger Angelika ,   RSV-Expertinnenkreis der Österreichischen Gesellschaft für Kinder und Jugendheilkunde, Resch Bernhard , Zacharasiewcz Angela , Strenger Volker , Berger Angelika , Redlberger-Fritz Monika , Wald Martin , Kiechl-Kohlendorfer Ursula , Köstenberger Martin , Dornbusch Hans Jürgen , Voitl Peter , Tebruegge Marc , Zwiauer Karl 
Published: June 2024

ZusammenfassungSeit dem Jahr 2023 ist der langwirksame monoklonale RSV(Respiratory Syncytial Virus)-Antikörper Nirsevimab in der EU zugelassen, der eine 75–80 %ige Effektivität zur Reduktion schwerer RSV-Infektionen mit oder ohne Hospitalisierung bewiesen hat. Ein österreichischer Expertinnenkreis diskutierte zu fünft und anschließend in mehreren Delphi-Runden diese signifikante Verbesserung der RSV-Prophylaxe (Palivizumab fünf Injektionen monatlich über die Saison nur für Risikokinder verglichen mit Einmalgabe von Nirsevimab). Es bestand Konsens, dass alle Kinder diesen Schutz ab Oktober/November vor Beginn oder während der Saison bis März des Folgejahres erhalten sollen. Die ÖGKJ fordert aufgrund des derzeitigen Wissensstandes, dass alle Neugeborenen und Säuglinge vor einer schweren RSV-Infektion in der ersten Saison geschützt werden, Risikokinder in Einzelfällen auch über eine 2. Saison, und empfiehlt zur Prophylaxe von RSV-Infektionen die Gabe von Nirsevimab, sofern die Kindesmutter keinen RSV-Impfstoff während der Schwangerschaft erhalten hat. Diese Empfehlungen können sich ändern, wenn mehr Daten zur Effektivität bei Risikokindern vorliegen.
Impact of thyroid hormone replacement therapy on the course and functional outcome of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage
Authors: Said Maryam , Gümüs Meltem , Rieß Christoph , Dinger Thiemo Florin , Rauschenbach Laurèl , Rodemerk Jan , Chihi Mehdi , Darkwah Oppong Marvin , Dammann Philipp , Wrede Karsten Henning , Sure Ulrich , Jabbarli Ramazan 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background
Thyroid hormones were reported to exert neuroprotective effects after ischemic stroke by reducing the burden of brain injury and promoting post-ischemic brain remodeling.

Objective
We aimed to analyze the value of thyroid hormone replacement therapy (THRT) due to pre-existing hypothyroidism on the clinical course and outcome of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH).

Methods
SAH individuals treated between January 2003 and June 2016 were included. Data on baseline characteristics of patients and SAH, adverse events and functional outcome of SAH were recorded. Study endpoints were cerebral infarction, in-hospital mortality and unfavorable outcome at 6 months. Associations were adjusted for outcome-relevant confounders.

Results
109 (11%) of 995 individuals had THRT before SAH. Risk of intracranial pressure- or vasospasm-related cerebrovascular events was inversely associated with presence of THRT (p = 0.047). In multivariate analysis, THRT was independently associated with lower risk of cerebral infarction (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 0.64, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.41–0.99, p = 0.045) and unfavorable outcome (aOR = 0.50, 95% CI = 0.28–0.89, p = 0.018), but not with in-hospital mortality (aOR = 0.69, 95% CI = 0.38–1.26, p = 0.227).

Conclusion
SAH patients with THRT show lower burden of ischemia-relevant cerebrovascular events and more favorable outcome. Further experimental and clinical studies are required to confirm our results and elaborate the mechanistic background of the effect of THRT on course and outcome of SAH.
Energy loss and efficiency investigations of a dual clutch transmission based on adaptive experiment and analytical simulation
Authors: Liu Zhihong , Dave Sidharth , Rinderknecht Stephan 
Published: June 2024

AbstractEnergy transfer improvement and energy consumption reduction are getting more crucial in the automotive sector. As one of the essential elements directly influencing energy transfer in the powertrain system, transmission losses have been widely analyzed with both simulation and experimental approaches. For a better characterization of individual losses, this paper investigates and compares most of the available analytical models for further system implementation. Regarding laboratory experiments, an adaptive sampling strategy is presented and analyzed for various operating conditions. Compared to the traditional factorial design, the applied Gaussian Process Regression (GPR) delivers both estimations and their predictive variances in the entire experiment process. Besides, new measurement candidates can be determined with the prior information from GPR model. The analytical simulation and adaptive measurement are employed to investigate a seven-speed transmission. With both approaches, a detailed discussion about total transmission losses and individual loss mechanisms are performed under various operating conditions.
Rock characterization, UAV photogrammetry and use of algorithms of machine learning as tools in mapping discontinuities and characterizing rock masses in Acoculco Caldera Complex
Authors: Pola Antonio , Herrera-Díaz Arturo , Tinoco-Martínez Sergio Rogelio , Macias José Luis , Soto-Rodríguez Adriana Nadcielli , Soto-Herrera Andrés Mauricio , Sereno Hugo , Ramón Avellán Denis 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe use of UAV represents a very useful tool for rock mass characterization, particularly in large, unsafe, and not accessible areas characterized by a complex geometry. This investigation was mainly focused on mapping discontinuities and characterizing rock masses using UAV photogrammetry, machine learning, including different algorithms, and intact rock laboratory analyses, respectively. To this aim different outcrops from those described as a part of the basement of the Acoculco Caldera Complex, composed by a series of folded limestones were selected. The results indicate that geomechanical and physical properties, together with outcrop information are very important to assign suitable properties to large rock units. In turn, the great number of plots of discontinuity orientation extracted from the 3D point cloud data by the used of our code written in python language allowed to easily identify the presence of a total of seven discontinuity sets, some of them related to the bedding sequence and some others related to shear and tensile stress due to folding.
Depression, Contraception, and Ambivalence Concerning Fertility
Authors: Kremer Sina , Gerlach Alexander L. , Erbe Doris 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIndividuals suffering from depression exhibit a higher rate of unintended pregnancies, which are associated with negative outcomes for both parents and children. Often, unintended pregnancies result from contraceptive mistakes. Here, we examine the relationship between depression and the consistency of contraceptive behavior, testing ambivalence as a possible mediator. The analyses were based on cross-sectional data from the second and third waves of the German Relationship and Family Panel Pairfam. A German-speaking sample without children (N = 190; 117 female, 73 male), who reported not attempting to conceive or become pregnant during the last 12 months, was analyzed in comparison with a propensity score matched sample. Ambivalence was operationalized as the difference between the ideal and realistic number of children in wave 2. Data from wave 3 were used to assess contraceptive behavior. Depressed mood in wave 2 and consistency of contraceptive behavior in wave 3 were negatively correlated. After including ambivalence in wave 2 as a mediator in the model, the direct path between depressed mood and consistency of contraceptive behavior remained significant, with no significant mediation found. For men only, we observed a significant negative association of ambivalence with the consistency of contraceptive behavior in the last 3 months. No significant relationship was found between depressed mood and ambivalence. We conclude that future research aiming to better understand the consistency of contraceptive behavior should incorporate measures of ambivalence.
Intensive professional vehicle-based shooting provides local control of invasive rusa deer in a peri-urban landscape
Authors: Comte Sebastien , Bengsen Andrew J. , Cunningham Calum X. , Dawson Michelle , Pople Anthony R. , Forsyth David M. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractNon-native deer are becoming increasingly common in peri-urban landscapes, where they pose a risk to the health and wellbeing of people. Professional vehicle-based shooting is commonly used to control deer populations in these complex landscapes, but the effectiveness and cost of this method have seldom been evaluated. We analyzed the effectiveness and cost of using professional vehicle-based shooting to reduce the abundance and impacts of non-native rusa deer (Cervus timorensis) in a peri-urban landscape in Wollongong, eastern Australia, during 2011–2021. We incorporated the results from an independent monitoring program into a Bayesian joint-likelihood framework to model spatio-temporal changes in rusa deer abundance. Finally, we used our findings to assess the effect of the management program on the number of complaints from the residents. After eleven years and the removal of 4701 rusa deer from Wollongong LGA (712 km2), deer abundance did not change in 74.7% of the area, decreased in 19.4% of the area (mostly in and around the sites where the professional shooting occurred), and increased in 5.9% of the area. Shooting was most cost-effective during winter when the longer hours of darkness meant that shooters could visit more sites. In contrast to deer abundance, the probability of residents complaining about deer increased in space and time. Our study shows that professional vehicle-based shooting can locally reduce the abundance of invasive deer in a peri-urban landscape, providing that sufficient control effort is expended. We suggest that shooting effort is currently too thinly spread across this peri-urban landscape, and that concentrating shooting effort on the areas of greatest deer abundance and resident complaints might be a more cost-effective strategy for managing invasive deer in peri-urban landscapes.
Antarctica is less isolated with increasing depth - evidence from pycnogonids
Authors: Maxwell Jamie , Griffiths Huw , Allcock A. Louise 
Published: June 2024

AbstractNo other group of animals typifies the uniqueness of Antarctic life more than Pycnogonida (sea spiders), with 20% of all known species found in the Southern Ocean, and 64% of these endemic to the Antarctic. Despite nearly 200 years of research into pycnogonids and other benthic phyla in Antarctica, the parameters which drive the distribution and diversity of benthic fauna are still poorly understood. This study aimed to investigate the diversity and connectivity of pycnogonid communities on either side of the Antarctic Polar Front, with an emphasis on the role of water depth, using an occurrence dataset containing 254 pycnogonid species from 2187 sampling locations. At depths shallower than 1000 m, communities to the north and south of the Antarctic Polar Front were distinct, while below this depth this geographic structure disintegrated. The Polar Front, or the expanse of deep ocean it bisects, seemingly acts as a semipermeable barrier to species exchange between well-sampled shallow communities. The less sampled and less understood deep sea appears to be better connected, with high levels of shared species following the northward flow of Antarctic Bottom Water. The exceptionally high diversity and endemism of Antarctic pycnogonids may reflect an apparent competitive advantage in cold waters which leaves them vulnerable to ongoing ocean warming, with increased competition and predation pressures.
Enhancing Equity in Clinical Social Work Education: Supporting Indigenous Queer and Gender Diverse Students and Researchers
Authors: Phelan Péta , Meyers Olivia , Mcalear Shai , Evans Jen , Menzel Kelly , Bennett Bindi 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
For Indigenous Australian Queer and Gender Diverse (QGD) Peoples, being acknowledged, recognised, and considered in frameworks, policies, and within organisations in the broader Australian context is rare. This article will explore some of the structures, systems, and policies that impact on Indigenous QGD peoples in Higher Education (HE). We will speak on social and emotional wellbeing (SEWB) and how this knowledge may translate into clinical social work practice. We explore the ways in which HE can become conscious, motivated, and emboldened to enact clinical social workers of the future towards ultimately improving current recruitment, retention, which will contribute to individual and group change in Australia.
Intention enhanced mixed attentive model for session-based recommendation
Authors: Peng Bo , Parthasarathy Srinivasan , Ning Xia 
Published: June 2024

AbstractSession-based recommendation aims to generate recommendations for the next item of users’ interest based on a given session. In this manuscript, we develop intention enhanced mixed attentive model () to generate session-based recommendations using two important factors: temporal patterns and estimates of users’ intentions. Unlike existing methods which primarily leverage complicated gated recurrent units to model the temporal patterns, models the temporal patterns using a light-weight while effective position-sensitive attention mechanism. In , we also leverage the estimate of users’ prospective preferences to signify important items, and generate better recommendations. Our experimental results demonstrate that models significantly outperform the state-of-the-art methods in six benchmark datasets, with an improvement as much as 19.2%. In addition, our run-time performance comparison demonstrates that during testing, models are much more efficient than the best baseline method, with a significant average speedup of 47.7 folds.
Municipal-level estimates (2020) of adult obesity in Mexico drawn from a hierarchical Bayesian estimator
Authors: Nájera Héctor , Ortega-Avila Ana G. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractSince the beginning of the 21st Century obesity has become a major public health concern in Mexico. Survey data have been key to tracking the evolution of the national and regional prevalence of obesity over time. However, these data are insufficient for policymakers and researchers interested in obesity from a more local and spatial perspective. This paper uses two secondary data sources: the Mexican National Health and Nutrition Survey 2021 and the Mexican National Population Census 2020. This paper implements a Bayesian hierarchical approach to model survey and census data to produce municipal-level estimates for Mexico in 2020. The results indicate that obesity has inter and intra-regional variability. Obesity is more prevalent in the north and in the Yucatan peninsula and tends to be lower in the state of Chiapas. However, within these regions there is some degree of variability in obesity rates. The results provide a more detailed geographical picture of obesity across Mexico and raise the possibility of using the resulting estimates for further statistical and policy-relevant research.
The Levantine Megalithic Building Techniques: A Groundbreaking Method Applied to Menjez’s Monuments (Akkar, Lebanon) from the 4th–3rd Millennium BCE
Authors: Defours Rivoira Méryl , Cousseau Florian , Steimer-Herbet Tara 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe aim of this paper is to present the methodology used to study the megalithic architecture of Menjez’s monuments (Akkar, Lebanon), as part of the MEG-A Project - “First megalith builders in the northern Levant” (2022–2025). Twenty-four monuments have been investigated since 2018. The primary objective is to pioneer a comprehensive understanding of the unique Levantine megalithic building techniques and re-establish the “chaînes opératoires,” by determining the builders’ sequence of actions. This groundbreaking methodology originally developed for Western European megalithic monuments, notably in Brittany, France, has been innovatively applied and customized to suit the Levantine context, specifically focusing on the distinctive basaltic monuments of Menjez and its surrounding areas. By using photogrammetry as a tool, the researchers are able to de-construct the megalithic architecture by analyzing the different components of these monuments. Moreover, it is then possible to describe monoliths according to their place within the monument and their geological and geomorphological features. Our work has led us to consider the symbolic aspect expressed in the megalithic architecture of Menjez. Employing this groundbreaking methodology not only yields concrete answers regarding the typology of these monuments but also dramatically reshapes our perception of their construction. It establishes a precise relative chronology for the various architectural phases and, most significantly, reveals the hidden details of the raw material supply chain.
Introducing the role of being an advocate in mathematics teacher education
Authors: Meaney Tamsin , Rangnes Toril Eskeland 
Published: June 2024

AbstractMathematics teacher education is often described in terms of the mathematical content and pedagogy that teachers need. However, recent calls for equity in mathematics education demand a broadening of this view. In this article, we articulate a theoretical description of what the role of being an advocate in language-diverse classrooms could involve and some of the practical challenges that mathematics teacher educators may have when introducing it, using empirical examples from our teacher education courses for teachers of Grades 1–7 in Norway. In the theoretical description of the role of being an advocate into mathematics teacher education, we distinguish between in-class advocacy and advocacy beyond the classroom and what these different kinds of advocacy might entail in language-diverse classrooms. The practical issues that we identified in raising different aspects of the role indicate the need for further research into how to raise preservice teachers’ awareness about the role of being an advocate, in and outside of the classroom, in different cultural settings and how this knowledge could be used in teacher education to challenge preservice teachers’ language ideologies and raise non-trivial issues.
Does an Immigrant Health Advantage Exist Among US Whites? Evidence from a Nationally-Representative Examination of Mental and Physical Well-Being
Authors: Read Jen’nan G. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis study examines whether an immigrant health advantage exists among US Whites, a group often used as a reference category in research on racial and ethnic health disparities. Using recent data from the National Health Interview Survey (2019–2022), I disaggregate non-Hispanic White adults (n = 41,752) by nativity status and use logistic regression models to assess differences in six measures of mental and physical health. The analysis includes self-reported conditions (depression, anxiety, fair/poor self-rated health) and diagnosed conditions that require interaction with the healthcare system (hypertension, diabetes, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, COPD). Foreign-born Whites have a significantly lower prevalence of each health outcome relative to US-born Whites. The immigrant health advantage remains significant for depression, anxiety, fair/poor health (i.e., self-reported conditions) and diagnosed hypertension, after adjusting for sociodemographic and healthcare characteristics. In contrast, the inclusion of these explanatory factors reduces the nativity gap in diagnosed diabetes and COPD to non-significance. Overall, the results indicate important variation in health among Whites that is missed in studies that focus on US-born Whites, alone. Scholars must continue to monitor the health of White immigrants, who are projected to grow to 20% of the US immigrant population in the years to come.
The effect of fusel oil and waste biodiesel fuel blends on a CI engine performance, emissions, and combustion characteristics
Authors: Çiftçi Burak , Karagöz Mustafa , Aydin Mustafa , Çelik Mustafa Bahattin 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIn this study, experimental engine tests were conducted to investigate the combustion, performance, and emission characteristics of a diesel engine using a fuel blend composed of diesel, biodiesel, and fusel oil. In the study, which was carried out by using fuels obtained from different wastes together in a diesel engine. Seven different fuels were prepared for experiments by adding waste cooking oil (30% and 50%) and fusel oil (5% and 10%) by volume to commercial diesel fuel. The tests were carried out on the Lombardini LDW 1003 engine, a three-cylinder diesel engine, at four different engine loads (10, 20, 30, and 40 Nm), and a constant speed (2000 rpm). The experimental results revealed that the use of WCO generally led to increased NOx emissions which generally decreased with the fusel oil addition to the fuel mixture. Considering diesel fuel as a reference at maximum load conditions, there was a 12.63% increase in NOx emissions with 50% WCO. A 2.45% decrease in NOx emissions was achieved by adding 10% fusel oil. Furthermore, HC emissions decreased with the addition of both fusel oil and WCO at all load levels. When diesel fuel is taken as a reference at maximum load conditions, a 90% reduction in HC emissions was achieved by adding 50% WCO, and a 50% reduction in HC emissions was achieved by adding 10% fusel oil. Additionally, when diesel fuel is taken as a reference at maximum load condition, it was observed that a 0.05% increase in the maximum cylinder pressure value with the addition of 50% WCO and a 2.09% increase in the maximum cylinder pressure value with the addition of 10% fusel oil.