bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Herbivory on the Nutritional Value of Six Hardwood Species for White-Tailed Deer in the Allegheny Forest
Authors: Glover Laurel M. , Volponi Sabrina N. , Royo Alejandro A. , Johnstone-Yellin Tamara L. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Herbivores alter plant quantity and quality through direct tissue consumption and indirectly via the structural and chemical allocational strategies plants deploy in response to herbivory. Herein, we examine how browsing by white-tailed deer Odocoileus virginianus alters nutritional quality of six regenerating hardwood species: red maple Acer rubrum, black cherry Prunus serotina, birch Betula spp., pin cherry Prunus pennsylvanica, white ash Fraxinus americana, and American beech Fagus grandifolia. Using an established, large-scale experiment that manipulated deer access to fenced plots, we tested whether browsing altered the nutritional quality and biomass as well as nutritional capacity to support deer of six hardwood species in an early successional hardwood forest of Pennsylvania, USA. Pin cherry was the most nutritious of the six species, with greater dry matter digestibility and digestible protein and lesser neutral detergent fiber. Areas exposed to browsing had less browse biomass of stems and leaves yet greater digestible protein, an effect driven by digestible protein of pin cherry. We found no effect of browsing on neutral detergent fiber or dry matter digestibility. Although deer browsing reduced biomass of the six hardwood species, it did not alter the nutritional capacity to support lactating females in the summer. Our results confirm that browsing limits tree regeneration and available browse and provides conservative conclusions on how deer can alter their diet quality.
Les élevages dans les espaces ouverts métropolitains à Beyrouth
Authors: Lteif Carine 
Published: June 2024

L’article examine l’informalité des élevages urbains à Beyrouth à partir d’une enquête de terrain et d’entretiens. Les résultats montrent que l’élevage urbain est permis sous conditions, mais est en réalité encadré par des rapports de pouvoir entre acteurs. Il se maintient sur des parcelles en attente de développement immobilier ou dans des zones industrielles, suivant une distribution dans l’espace qui reproduit la répartition confessionnelle de la population. Il se maintient aussi sur les parcelles waqf abritant des couvents de religieux chrétiens. L’élevage de ruminants, prépondérant par le passé, cède aujourd’hui la place à de nouvelles formes : de plus petits élevages de chiens, d’abeilles, mais surtout de volailles, chez soi.
Proposition d’une définition et d’une typologie de l’interactivité dans un système avec une interface
Authors: T’KINT Alice 
Published: June 2024

L’interactivité est un concept largement discuté dans les sciences de l’information et de la communication sans que sa signification n’ait jamais été stabilisée. Devant le foisonnement des conceptualisations et la dispersion des définitions, nous émettons une nouvelle contribution qui vise à offrir une compréhension générale de l’interactivité. Dans cette publication, nous construisons notre propos autour de trois approches, qu’elles soient définitoires, dichotomiques et typologiques, qui se dégagent de la littérature scientifique, et nous élaborons une réflexion qui débouche sur trois contributions complémentaires : une définition de l’interactivité valable pour les systèmes avec une interface utilisateur; une théorisation de la relation entre l’utilisateur et le concepteur dans un contrat d’interaction; et enfin, une classification des niveaux où s’exécute l’interactivité dans un système informatique.
Le vlogue engagé comme pratique sociale : essai de conceptualisation
Authors: CARON Caroline , LANDRY Normand 
Published: June 2024

Le vlogue engagé est un genre médiatique audiovisuel numérique où un usager de la plateforme YouTube s’adresse à la caméra pour s’exprimer, informer ou sensibiliser le public à propos de causes sociales. Malgré sa popularité, il demeure à la marge de l’étude empirique des formes émergentes de « parler en public » médiatisées par la technologie. Pour faciliter la réalisation de travaux sur cet objet de recherche complexe, l’article présente une conceptualisation opératoire du vlogue engagé qui prend pour cadrage général le courant théorique de la pratique (practice theory). Conceptualisé comme une pratique discursive civique, le vlogue engagé fait appel à l’assemblage de trois éléments constitutifs : des matériaux, des compétences et du sens. Ceux-ci s’imbriquent dans une performance technodiscursive qui coordonne quatre actes de communication : une communication publique personnelle, une expression verbale augmentée, une production médiatique multimodale et une présentation de soi.
Planifier le désordre, se préparer à l’imprévisible
Authors: Dubey Gérard 
Published: June 2024

Le bloc opératoire, parce qu’on y procède à l’ouverture du corps, exerce sur le commun des mortels un pouvoir d’attraction où se mêlent fascination et répulsion. Rares sont les espaces de travail qui peuvent se targuer d’une telle aura. En anthropologie, les techniques mises en œuvre par les chirurgiens sont le plus souvent rapportées à des pratiques symboliques (rites propitiatoires) destinées à protéger les « officiants » de la proximité d’un danger qui n’est autre que la figure sécularisée du sacré. Toutefois, en chirurgie, la fonction symbolique n’est jamais décorrélée d’un savoir expérientiel acquis sur le temps long. L’article rend compte de ce travail de préparation de l’action en amont de l’intervention au bloc. Pour ce faire, il s’appuie sur les premiers résultats d’une enquête empirique commencée il y a deux ans dans le cadre de la chaire d’innovation de l’APHP-BOPA (Bloc Opératoire Augmenté au CHB Brousse-Villejuif). La principale hypothèse discutée dans cet article est la dimension structurante de l’incertitude dans l’activité préopératoire.
Les expositions de cinéma en Suisse entre 1943 et 1973. Légitimer une cinématographie nationale
Authors: Isoz Natacha 
Published: June 2024

Situé à la croisée de l’histoire des expositions et de l’histoire du cinéma, cet article interroge la manière dont cette dernière fut élaborée (analyse des modalités d’écriture) et véhiculée (étude des dispositifs scénographiques) au sein de trois grandes expositions consacrées à l’histoire générale du cinéma, qui eurent lieu en Suisse : Der Film gestern und heute (Musée des arts et métiers de Bâle, 1943), Der Film. Geschichte, Technik, Gestaltungsmittel, Bedeutung (Musée des arts appliqués de Zurich, 1960) et Images du cinéma (Musée des arts décoratifs de Lausanne, 1973). Alors que l’on ne cesse de répéter – entre les années 1920 et les premiers succès du « nouveau cinéma suisse » au début des années 1970 – que le cinéma suisse n’existe pas, à savoir qu’aucun film de fiction de valeur n’aurait été produit dans le pays, ces trois manifestations intègrent des films et des expôts helvétiques dans leur programmation. Elles contribuent dès lors, chacune à sa manière, à écrire une histoire plurielle de cette cinématographie, qui élargit progressivement les frontières usuelles de la notion de « cinéma national ». Elles participent, en outre, à la lente légitimation et patrimonialisation du cinéma suisse. Cet article, qui se fonde sur l’analyse d’archives inédites, met pour la première fois en lumière ces trois événements d’importance historique.
Editorial
Authors: Sita Patricia Coradim 
Published: June 2024

É com grande satisfação que apresentamos aos leitores o número 1 do volume 46 da Revista Acta Scientiarum. Human and Social Sciences. Neste volume, contamos com a valorosa colaboração de dois pesquisadores responsáveis por conceber e organizar a edição, integralmente dedicada ao estudo da relação entre seres humanos e outros seres vivos, Eliane Sebeika Rapchan (UEM, Brasil/UC, Portugal) e Fagner Carniel (UEM, Brasil). Esta edição é composta por um total de 9 artigos, precedidos pelo artigo prefácio escrito pelos editores convidados que apresentam a questão central e também os artigos selecionados.
Gostaria de dedicar um agradecimento especial à Eliane Sebeika Rapchan e ao Fagner Carniel pelo excelente trabalho realizado desde o lançamento da proposta até o fechamento da edição. Agradeço também aos autores e avaliadores que contribuíram com este volume. Boa leitura!
Implementing a Preoperative Anemia Optimization Protocol for Cardiovascular Surgery Patients: A Quality Improvement Project
Authors: Rittenhouse Ashley , Ostendorf Marilyn , Johns Chanice , Gerdisch Marc 
Published: June 2024

Background
Patients with anemia have poorer outcomes following cardiac surgery than do those without anemia. To improve outcomes, the Enhanced Recovery After Surgery cardiac recommendations include optimizing patients’ condition, including treating anemia, before surgery.

Local Problem
Despite implementing Enhanced Recovery After Surgery initiatives, a midwestern cardiothoracic surgery group recognized a care gap in preoperative patients with anemia. No standardized protocol was in use.

Methods
An anemia optimization protocol was developed for perioperative care of patients with anemia. Data from retrospective medical record review were analyzed to determine relationships between protocol use and secondary outcomes. The protocol was created using best evidence and expert consensus. Cardiac surgery and hematology specialists revised the protocol and agreed on a final version. The protocol was integrated into the consultation process for cardiac surgery patients.

Results
During the implementation period, 23 of 55 patients with anemia (42%) received interventions via the anemia optimization protocol. The mean quantity of packed red blood cells transfused perioperatively per patient was 1.9 U in the protocol group and 3.5 U in the nonprotocol group. In the subgroup of patients experiencing postoperative acute kidney injury, the mean increase in creatinine level was 0.65 mg/dL in the protocol group and 1.52 mg/dL in the nonprotocol group. Four patients in the protocol group (17%) and 6 patients in the nonprotocol group (19%) experienced postoperative acute kidney injury.

Conclusion
Preoperative anemia is associated with poorer cardiac surgical outcomes. Incorporating the anemia optimization protocol into practice may mitigate the risk of postoperative complications for patients with anemia. Continued use of the protocol is recommended.
Evaluating the effect of Perfluoropropane assisted pneumatic vitreolysis in cases of symptomatic focal vitreomacular traction
Authors: Elnaggar Osama R. , Ahmed Islam S.H. , Gomaa Amir R. , Elhady Amr M. 
Published: June 2024

Purpose
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of pneumatic vitreolysis (PVL) in the management of symptomatic focal vitreomacular traction (VMT).

Patients and methods
This prospective non-comparative interventional study was conducted on 21 eyes of 20 patients with isolated focal VMT detected by optical coherence tomography (OCT). All patients were symptomatic complaining of decreased vision and/or metamorphopsia with persistence of VMT for at least 3 months before intervention. All patients received a single intravitreal injection of 0.3 ml pure perfluoropropane (C3F8) and were followed up for 6 months post-injection. During the follow up period, the patients were evaluated regarding the occurrence of release of VMT as detected by OCT, the change in best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), and the change in central macular thickness (CMT) by OCT.

Results
The single intravitreal gas injection of C3F8 resulted in the release of VMT in 16 (76.2%) eyes. The mean BCVA significantly improved from 0.71±0.16 LogMAR (range: 1–0.5) at baseline to 0.38±0.22 LogMAR (range: 1.0–0.2) by the final visit at 6 months postoperatively (P<0.001). In addition, the mean CMT significantly decreased from 461.67±68.60 µm (range: 318–573 µm) at baseline to 331.55±90.27 µm (range: 278–568 µm) at 6 months postoperatively (P<0.001). One patient developed a retinal break and was treated by retinopexy, and one patient developed a full-thickness macular hole that was treated by vitrectomy.

Conclusions
PVL was found to be an effective method for treatment of symptomatic VMT.
Medical emergencies and comorbidities in the elderly and very elderly patients in North India
Authors: Poddar Aastha , Selvam Suresh , Saroch Atul , Pannu Ashok Kumar , Mathen Prannoy George , Kumar Mohan , Dhibar Deba Prasad , Sharma Navneet 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT

Objective:
Older patients are rapidly increasing in the emergency department in low-middle-income countries and have poor outcomes. The present study aimed to find the spectrum of comorbidities, medical emergencies, and prognosis in geriatric patients and compare the elderly with very elderly patients in North India.

Methodology:
A prospective cohort study was conducted on patients aged ≥60 years admitted at Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh (India). The elderly and very elderly age was defined as 60–74 years and ≥75 years, respectively.

Results:
Of 935 enrolled patients, 763 (81.6%) were elderly, and 172 (18.4%) were very elderly. Very elderly more frequently required admission in the red area (65.7% vs. 57.4%, P = 0.045). 85.2% (n = 796) of patients had preexisting comorbidities, hypertension (44.5%) and diabetes (34.8%) being the most common. The most comorbidities and the Charlson comorbidity index score distribution were similar to the two age groups; however, hypertension was more in the elderly (52.3% vs. 42.7%, P = 0.022). Overall, gastrointestinal (25.7%), neurological (20.7%), and cardiovascular (19.0%) emergencies were common; however, the very elderly patients more frequently had neurological illnesses (30.8% vs. 18.5%, P < 0.001). Pulmonary infections were the most prevalent infections in both age groups. The frequency of urinary tract infections was higher in the very elderly (17.5% vs. 6.1%, P = 0.023). In-hospital survival was 82.7% (n = 773) and significantly low in the very elderly (76.7% vs. 84.0%, P = 0.023). The survival was predicted by quick sequential organ failure assessment but not by the Charlson comorbidity index.

Conclusion:
Very elderly patients more frequently have hypertension, neurological emergencies, urinary tract infections, and poor outcomes.
Effectiveness of educational interventions on knowledge and behavioral practices of adolescents for prevention of noncommunicable diseases in low- and middle-income countries: A systematic review protocol
Authors: Jauhari Sugandha , Pandit Pratyaksha , Agarwal Monika , Bajpai Prashant Kumar , Singh Abhishek , James D. Christopher 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
The rising burden of noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) is a dominating public health crisis, globally causing 38 million of 57 million deaths annually, with 85% of these deaths occurring in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). However, while addressing NCDs, adolescents have been largely overlooked, who have a notable share in the NCD burden globally. Adolescents are vulnerable for developing high-risk behaviors, which puts them at high risk of NCDs such as ischemic heart diseases, diabetes, and stroke.

Objective:
The objective of this systematic review will be to identify the effectiveness of educational interventions on the knowledge and behavioral practices of adolescents for the prevention of NCDs in LMICs.

Methodology:
Five electronic databases such as PubMed, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Google Scholar, Embase, and Scopus will be utilized for generating pooled evidence. Two reviewers will individually screen the titles and abstracts for eligibility, and in case of any disagreement, the help of a third reviewer will be taken. Recognized studies will be critically appraised for methodological quality using the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool. Data will be extracted from the studies included in the review for author’s name, year of study, study setting, study design, study participants and their age, sample size in the intervention group, NCD domain covered by the study intervention, intervention details, measure of outcome, etc. For data synthesis, studies will be pooled using RevMan software and effect sizes will be depicted using forest plots. The Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation approach to grade the certainty of evidence will be followed for assessing the quality of evidence. Publication bias will also be checked using funnel plots and Egger’s test.

Clinical Relevance:
To the best of our knowledge, this will be the first systematic review that will assess the empirical evidence and evaluate the effectiveness of educational interventions for the prevention of NCDs among adolescents of LMICs. This review will assist the public health experts and policymakers in designing effective intervention for preventing NCDs among adolescents.

Results and Conclusion:
The results of this systematic review will provide an in-depth insight of the existing country-specific educational policies and interventions for the prevention of NCDs among adolescents in various LMICs. This will help in the replication of such cost-effective educational models or interventions in other LMICs followed by advocacy in their school policy reforms and other related programs focusing on NCDs.
Pretransplant hemodialysis: Lived experiences
Authors: Priya  , Kenwar Deepesh Benjamin , Dutta Monika 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
End-stage renal disease (ESRD) is a rapidly increasing global health problem where the kidney damage is irreversible. Worldwide, hemodialysis is the most common kidney replacement therapy which increases longevity but is not the ultimate cure, and at the same time, there are multiple complications associated with this treatment modality making life miserable for these patients. Plenty of literature is available on patient education, side effects, and complications of hemodialysis, but very few attempts have been made to understand patients’ experiences living on dialysis.

Materials and Methods:
A phenomenological research design was adopted to explore lived experiences of patients on hemodialysis. Using purposive sampling technique, adult (60 years) posttransplant patients who had hemodialysis at least for 6 months during pretransplantation phase were enrolled. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews, analyzed using descriptive statistics for quantitative and Colaizzi’s method for qualitative data.

Results:
The most common medical diagnosis was unknown chronic glomerulonephritis, and the prevalent comorbid condition was hypertension. Based on participants’ verbatim, total 5 themes and 13 subthemes were extracted after data analysis. The main themes emerged were disease- and dialysis-associated problems, emotional turmoil, financial burden, social isolation, and changes in lifestyle.

Conclusion:
The present study concluded that ESRD patients on haemodialysis experienced physiological disturbances, emotional distress and financial burden. Social isolation, financial constraints, and changes in lifestyle were major challenges faced by patients. Professionals need empathic attitude to deal with patients on hemodialysis to minimize their sufferings.
Consanguinity and Increased Risk of Congenital Ptosis
Authors: Khalili Mohammad Reza , Owji Naser , Zarei Elahe , Nazari Mohammadreza 
Published: June 2024

Purpose:
To assess consanguinity as a probable risk factor for congenital ptosis.

Methods:
In this case–control study, 97 patients with congenital ptosis and 97 participants as the control group were included. The age, sex, and residence area of the control group were matched with the cases. The inbreeding coefficient (F) was calculated for each participant, and the mean of the inbreeding coefficient (α) was calculated for each group.

Results:
The prevalence of consanguineous marriage in parents of cases with congenital ptosis and those of the control group was 54.6% and 30.9%, respectively (P < 0.002). The mean of the inbreeding coefficient (α) in patients with ptosis was 0.026, whereas it was 0.016 in the control group (T = 2.51, degree of freedom = 192, P = 0.0129).

Conclusions:
The rate of consanguineous marriage was significantly higher among the parents of patients with congenital ptosis. It implies a probable recessive pattern in the etiology of congenital ptosis.
Tessier Number 9 Craniofacial Cleft Associated with Goldenhar Syndrome and Its Surgical Management: A Report of a Rare Case
Authors: Bagheri Abbas , Feizi Mohadeseh , Tavakoli Mehdi 
Published: June 2024

Purpose:
To report surgical repair of a rare case of Tessier number 9 craniofacial cleft.

Methods:
Case report.

Results:
Tessier number 9 craniofacial cleft is the rarest cleft anomaly. This article reports a congenital eyelid coloboma in a 21-year-old woman that involved the lateral third of the left upper eyelid and extended to the lateral canthus, consistent with number 9 craniofacial cleft Tessier classification. The additional findings included a fibrotic band between the globe and the remnant of the upper lid, which caused a small-angle exotropia. There were also skin appendages in the preauricular area and the inner surface of the nasal columella consistent with Goldenhar syndrome. The eyelid coloboma was repaired by releasing the adhesions and using a composite graft of the hard palate to repair the posterior lamella. The anterior lamella was repaired by creating a skin advancement flap. The esthetic and functional outcomes were acceptable in the 2-year postoperative follow-up period.

Conclusion:
The composite hard palate graft can be used to repair posterior lamella defect in the case of Tessier number 9 craniofacial cleft.
Minimal Invasive Procedures in Strabismus Surgery: A Narrative Review
Authors: Mojon Daniel S. , Kiarudi Mohammad Yaser , Sabermoghaddam Aliakbar , Razavi Mohammad Etezad , Heidarzadeh Hamid Reza 
Published: June 2024

Purpose:
To review the principles and different techniques of minimally invasive procedures in strabismus surgery.

Methods:
This is a narrative review on minimally invasive procedures in strabismus surgery including general aspects and different new modifications on conventional strabismus surgery. We reviewed 24 articles published between 1993 and 2020.

Results:
Minimal invasive procedures could be categorized into two subsets: one which minimizes conjunctival opening size and another which minimizes the muscle manipulations. Different conjunctival approaches have been introduced, such as Cul-de-sac and minimally invasive strabismus surgery incisions. Furthermore, there are different techniques for extraocular muscle weakening, strengthening, and transposition, such as mini-tenotomy, plication, mini-plication, Nishida, and modified Nishida procedures. Moreover, there are some techniques for handling strabismus in heavy eyes with high myopia and using adjustable sutures for strabismus correction.

Conclusions:
Minimally invasive procedures in strabismus surgery consist of surgical procedures that minimize tissue disruption, speed up rehabilitation, and often ultimate better outcomes. These techniques could be replaced traditional methods to reduce conjunctival and lid swelling in the direct postoperative period.