bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mechanistic approach of the difference in non‐enzymatic hydrolysis rate between the L and D enantiomers of no‐carrier added 2‐[18F]fluoromethyl‐phenylalanine
Authors: Kersemans Ken , Mertens John , De Proft Frank , Geerlings Paul 
Published: August 2010

AbstractNo‐carrier added (n.c.a.) 2‐[18F]fluoromethyl‐l‐phenylalanine was found to be very sensitive to hydrolysis in aqueous solutions. This problem was solved partially by the addition of calcium ions (0.04 M), increasing the shelf‐life to at least 6 h. In this paper the defluorination reaction was studied in detail to elucidate its mechanism. Therefore, L and D enantiomers of 2‐[18F]FMP and 4‐[18F]FMP were synthesized, as well as 2‐[18F]fluoromethyl‐phenethylamine and 4‐[18F]fluoromethyl‐phenethylamine, both decarboxylated ‘mimetic’ molecules of the amino acid analogues. Radiosynthesis, using a customized Scintomics automatic synthesis hotboxthree module, resulted in a high overall yield and a radiochemical purity of >99%. The defluorination rates of all compounds were studied by HPLC. The L enantiomer of n.c.a 2‐[18F]FMP defluorinated seven times faster than the D enantiomer and 2‐[18F]fluoromethyl‐phenethylamine. Both enantiomers of 4‐[18F]FMP and 4‐[18F]fluoromethyl‐phenethylamine were stable. From these data, the reaction mechanism, involving two distinct intramolecular interactions, was derived. First, the interaction between the amine and the benzylic fluorine weakens the carbon–fluorine bond. Secondly, the formation of a second hydrogen bridge between the carboxyl group and one of the benzylic hydrogen atoms renders the fluorine atom even more susceptible to hydrolysis. The latter interaction induces an additional chiral center. The probability of its formation differs considerably between L and D enantiomers of n.c.a. 2‐[18F]FMP, which explains the difference in hydrolysis rate. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A thermodynamic characterization of the interaction of 8‐anilino‐1‐naphthalenesulfonic acid with native globular proteins: the effect of the ligand dimerization in the analysis of the binding isotherms
Authors: Andujar‐Sánchez Montserrat , Jara‐Perez Vicente , Cobos Eva S. , Cámara‐Artigas Ana 
Published: August 2010

Abstract8‐Anilino‐1‐naphthalenesulfonic acid (ANS) is a popular fluorescence probe, broadly used for the analysis of proteins, but the nature of its interaction with proteins and the high increase in the fluorescence intensity that takes place upon such process are still unclear. In the last few years, isothermal titration calorimetry has been used to characterize the nature of the interaction of this dye with proteins. The analysis of the binding isotherms of these studies has not considered the dimerization equilibrium of ANS, which is pH dependent, and it can result in serious errors in the data analysis. In the present work we have developed a suitable data analysis by which this process is taken into account. To study the binding of the dye to proteins at different pH values, we have used the Abl‐SH3 domain. Our results suggest that at pH 3 and 5, where the dimerization of the ANS is important, electrostatic interactions are significant for the binding of ANS to the Abl‐SH3 domain. However, at pH 7, ANS behaves mostly as monomer and the interaction with the protein is mainly hydrophobic. The pH dependent behavior of the ANS binding to proteins can be explained in terms of ionization states of both, the protein and the ANS. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Versuche über den Einfluß der Düngung auf Ertrag und Qualität der Einlegegurke
Authors: Reinhold J. , Merten O. , Groß M. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractEs wurden bereits mehrfach Versuche angestellt, um den Einfluß der Düngung auf die Qualität der Gurke insbesondere hinsichtlich ihrer Haltbarkeit als Faßgurke zu ermitteln. Die Versuche haben im allgemeinen ergeben, daß eine sachgemäße Düngung die Haltbarkeit nicht schädigt. Unsere früheren nicht veröffentlichten Versuche haben jedoch gezeigt, daß die Haltbarkeit in Fässern von einer ganzen Reihe von Zufälligkeiten abhängig ist, so daß es sich als notwendig herausstellte, das Einlegen mit der erforderlichen Anzahl von Parallelen durchzuführen.
Hat der Mond einen Einfluß auf das Pflanzenwachstum? II. Mitteilung
Authors: Jaeger Hermann 
Published: August 2010

AbstractIn Heft 5/6 (Band 41) 1936 habe ich die unter gleicher Überschrift erschienene erste Mitteilung von M. Popp kritisiert und zugleich einige meiner eigenen Versuchsergebnisse mitgeteilt, um dadurch zu veranlassen, daß das Problem der kosmischen Beziehungen im Landbau von den zuständigen Stellen in richtiger Weise in Angriff genommen würdeIn dankenswerter Weise hat sich M. Popp daraufhin bereit erklärt, Versuche nach meinen Angaben über die richtigen Aussaatzeiten durchzuführen und hat die ihm von mir mitgeteilten Zeiten auch weitergegeben. Über die Ergebnisse der hierdurch veranlaßten Versuchsreihen wurde in mehreren Mitteilungen (1, 2, 3) berichtet.
Clinical neuroimaging and electrophysiological assessment of three DYT6 dystonia families
Authors: Zittel Simone , Moll Christian K.E. , Brüggemann Norbert , Tadic Vera , Hamel Wolfgang , Kasten Meike , Lohmann Katja , Lohnau Thora , Winkler Susen , Gerloff Christian , Schönweiler Rainer , Hagenah Johann , Klein Christine , Münchau Alexander , Schneider Susanne A. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractThe purpose of the study was to delineate clinical and electrophysiological characteristics as well as laryngoscopical and transcranial ultrasound (TCS) findings in THAP1 mutation carriers (MutC). According to recent genetic studies, DYT6 (THAP1) gene mutations are an important cause of primary early‐onset dystonia. In contrast to DYT1 mutations, THAP1 mutations are associated with primary early‐onset segmental or generalised dystonia frequently involving the craniocervical region and the larynx. Blood samples from twelve individuals of three German families with DYT6 positive index cases were obtained to test for THAP1 mutations. Eight THAP1 MutC were identified. Of these, six (three symptomatic and three asymptomatic) THAP1 MutC could be clinically evaluated. Laryngoscopy was performed to evaluate laryngeal dysfunction in patients. Brainstem echogenicity was investigated in all MutC using TCS. Two of the patients had undergone bilateral pallidal DBS. In all three symptomatic MutC, early‐onset laryngeal dystonia was a prominent feature. Laryngeal assessment demonstrated adductor‐type dystonia in all of them. On clinical examination, the three asymptomatic MutC also showed subtle signs of focal or segmental dystonia. TCS revealed increased substantia nigra (SN) hyperechogenicity in all MutC. Intraoperative microelectrode recordings under general anesthesia in two of the patients showed no difference between THAP1 and previously operated DYT1 MutC. The presence of spasmodic dysphonia in patients with young‐onset segmental or generalised dystonia is a hallmark of DYT6 dystonia. SN hyperechogenicity on TCS may represent an endophenotype in these patients. Pallidal DBS in two patients was unsatisfactory. © 2010 Movement Disorder Society
The modified method of characteristics with mixed finite element domain decomposition procedures for the transient behavior of a semiconductor device
Authors: Yuan Yirang 
Published: August 2010

AbstractFor the transient behavior of a semiconductor device, the modified method of characteristics with mixed finite element domain decomposition procedures applicable to parallel arithmetic is put forward. The electric potential equation is described by the mixed finite element method, and the electric, hole concentration and heat conduction equations are treated by the modified method of characteristics finite element domain decomposition methods. Some techniques, such as calculus of variations, domain decomposition, characteristic method, energy method, negative norm estimate and prior estimates and techniques are employed. Optimal order estimates in L2 norm are derived for the error in the approximation solution. Thus the well‐known theoretical problem has been thoroughly and completely solved.© 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Numer Methods Partial Differential Eq 28: 353–368 2012
Via protoporphyrin to the synthesis of levofloxacin‐imprinted polymer
Authors: Zhang Shu‐Jing , Huang Yan‐Ping , Liu Zhao‐Sheng , Duan Hong‐Quan 
Published: August 2010

AbstractA new molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) for levofloxacin was prepared by the combined use of methacrylic acid and protoporphyrin as functional monomers. The adsorption properties of resultant imprinted polymers were evaluated by equilibrium rebinding experiments. The highest binding capacity of levofloxacin achieved from the optimized imprinted polymer in acetonitrile was 246.26 µmol/g with an imprinting factor of 2.05. A ﬂuorescence quenching effect was observed when a protoporphyrin‐based imprinted polymer was incubated in the solutions of levofloxacin. The results indicated that the protoporphyrin‐based MIPs were able to create higher binding cavities for template compared with MIPs using only methacrylic acid as a functional monomer. It should be expected that the cooperative use of the protoporphyrin with supplemental different functional monomers may be an alternative to obtain MIP with the improvement of the selectivity. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The effect of damp‐heat and UV aging tests on the optical properties of silicone and EVA encapsulants
Authors: McIntosh Keith R. , Powell Nick E. , Norris Ann W. , Cotsell James N. , Ketola Barry M. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractThe absorption coefficient α(λ) of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) silicone and ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) is monitored during exposure to damp‐heat (DH) and UV accelerated aging tests. In the DH test, the samples were exposed to 85% relative humidity at 85°C for 1325 h, satisfying the DH components of the IEC, UL, and IEEE's humidity‐freeze and DH tests. It is shown that moisture introduced by the DH exposure scatters incident light, reducing transmission through test samples and complicating optical experiments. It was therefore necessary to dry out the samples to assess the effect of DH exposure on α(λ). By this procedure, it was found that DH exposure caused an increase of α(λ) in both PDMS and EVA, where small absorption shoulders were introduced at wavelengths of 250–500 nm; this translates to a 0.14% and 0.39% loss in module efficiency for the silicone and EVA, respectively. The weight gain due to moisture was 0.035% for PDMS and 0.28% for EVA. In the UV test, the samples were held at 60 ± 5°C and exposed to 52 kWh/m2 between the wavelengths of 280 and 385 nm, and 5.0 kWh/m2 between 280 and 320 nm, satisfying the pre‐conditioning UV tests of the IEC reliability standard. The UV exposure did not affect α(λ) of either the PDMS or the EVA. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Synthesis of biocompatible and thermally sensitive poly(N‐vinylcaprolactam) nanogels via inverse miniemulsion polymerization: Effect of the surfactant concentration
Authors: Medeiros Simone F. , Santos Amilton M. , Fessi Hatem , Elaissari Abdelhamid 
Published: August 2010

AbstractThe goal of this study was to develop a new route to prepare thermally responsive polymer nanogels. Poly(N‐vinylcaprolactam) nanogels were prepared via inverse miniemulsion polymerization (W/O) at 70 °C using n‐hexadecane as a nonpolar continuous phase, potassium persulfate as an initiator, and N,N′‐methylenebisacrylamide as a crosslinker. Sorbitan monooleate (Span 80) was used as surfactant and its influence on the polymerization kinetics and on the colloidal characteristics of the nanogels were principally investigated. It was observed that the addition of a strong “lipophobe” is required to stabilize the resulting miniemulsion. The nanogels were characterized in terms of morphology, size, zeta potential, and thermoproperties using transmission electron microscopy and dynamic light scattering. It was observed that all the nanogels obtained collapsed when the lower critical solution temperature (LCST) was raised. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 48: 3932–3941, 2010
Free radical initiated low temperature crosslinking of phenylethynyl (PE) end‐capped oligomides
Authors: Gong Chenliang , Luo Qiang , Li Yanfeng , Giotto Marcus , Cipollini Ned E. , Yang Zhiwei , Weiss R. A. , Scola Daniel A. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractA relatively low‐temperature crosslinking method for phenylethynyl (PE) end‐capped oligomides was developed. PE end‐capped oligomides are typically cured into crosslinked polyimides at 370 °C for about 1 h. The addition of a low viscosity mixed‐solvent of N‐methylpyrrolidinone (NMP)/dimethyl ether of polyethylene glycol (M = 250 g/mol), NMP/DM‐PEG‐250, or NMP/polyethylene glycol (M = 400 g/mol), NMP/PEG‐400, as film forming medium for PE‐end‐capped oligomides was investigated. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and 13C NMR showed that the mixed solvent addition was effective for achieving low‐temperature crosslinking of the ethynyl end‐caps over the temperature range 200–250 °C. The low temperature crosslinking process was explained by thermolysis of the PEG molecules over this temperature range forming free radical species such as ∼CH2CH2O· or ∼CH2CH2· which initiate cure of the ethynyl groups resulting in a cross linked polyimide membrane. The PEG solvents also provide a radical source for the degradation polymerization of the solvents to a water and NMP insoluble polymer, which formed a miscible blend with the crosslinked membrane. Glass transition temperature (differential scanning calorimetry) data and thermo gravimetric analysis data provide evidence for the miscible blend. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 48: 3950–3963, 2010.
Facile synthesis of N‐vinylimidazole‐based hydrogels via frontal polymerization and investigation of their performance on adsorption of copper ions
Authors: Tu Jun , Zhou Jin , Wang Cai‐Feng , Zhang Qiang , Chen Su 
Published: August 2010

AbstractWe report a new facile strategy for quickly synthesizing pH sensitive poly(VI‐co‐HEA) hydrogels (VI = N‐vinylimidazole; HEA = 2‐hydroxyethyl acrylate) by frontal polymerization. The appropriate amounts of VI, HEA, and ammonium persulfate (APS)/N,N,N′,N′‐tetramethylethylenediamine (TMEDA) couple redox initiator were mixed together at ambient temperature in the presence of glycerol as the solvent medium. Frontal polymerization (FP) was initiated by heating the upper side of the mixture with a soldering iron. Once initiated, no further energy was required for the polymerization to occur. The dependence of the front velocity and front temperature on the VI/HEA weight ratios were investigated. The pH sensitive behavior, morphology, and heavy metal removal study of poly(VI‐co‐HEA) hydrogels prepared via FP were comparatively investigated on the basis of swelling measurements, scanning electron microscopy, and inductively coupling plasma spectrometer. Results show that the poly(VI‐co‐HEA) hydrogels prepared via FP exhibit good pH sensitivity and adsorption capacity. The FP can be exploited as an alternative means for synthesis of pH sensitive hydrogels in a fast and efficient way. The as‐prepared hydrogels can be applied to remove heavy metals. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 48: 4005–4012, 2010
Synthesis of copolyimides based on room temperature ionic liquid diamines
Authors: Li Pei , Zhao Qichao , Anderson Jared L. , Varanasi Sasidhar , Coleman Maria R. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractBlock copolyimides based on aromatic dianhydrides and diamines copolymerized with diamino room temperature ionic liquid (RTIL) monomers were synthesized over a range of compositions. Specifically, two diamino RTILs, 1,3‐di(3‐aminopropyl) imidazolium bis[(trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl] imide ([DAPIM] [NTf2]) and 1,12‐di[3‐(3‐aminopropyl) imidazolium] dodecane bis[(trifluoromethyl) sulfonyl] imide ([C12 (DAPIM)2] [NTf2]2) were synthesized using a Boc protection method. The two RTILs were reacted with 2,2‐bis(3,4‐carboxylphenyl) hexafluoropropane dianhydride (6FDA) to produce 6FDA‐RTILs oligomers that formed the RTIL component for the block copolyimides. The oligomers were reacted with 6FDA and m‐phenylenediamine (MDA) at oligomer concentration from 6.5 to 25.8 mol % to form block copolyimides. Increasing the concentration of the 6FDA‐RTIL oligomer in the block copolyimides resulted in a decrease in the thermal degradation temperature, glass transition temperature and an increase in the density. The gas permeability of the RTIL based block copolyimide decreased but the ideal permeability selectivity for CO2/CH4 gas pair increased relative to the pure 6FDA‐MDA. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 48: 4036–4046, 2010
Positron spectroscopy analysis in metallocene propylene/1‐octadecene copolymers: Parameters dependence on monoclinic and mesomorphic polymorphs
Authors: Djourelov Nikolay , Bas Corine , Sillou Daniel , Benavente Rosario , Pérez Ernesto , Cerrada María L. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractCopolymers of propylene and 1‐octadecene synthesized by a metallocene catalyst were characterized by PALS, WAXD, DSC, and density measurements. The change in the sizes and the number density of free‐volume holes as a function of the 1‐octadecene content were compared to the master laws published for copolymers of propylene with α‐olefins of shorter lengths. It was found that the samples were separated into two groups. The first set of samples obeyed the master laws while the second group deviated. This behavior was explained by the difference in the copolymer structure. The WAXD analysis confirmed the separation as well. The deviation was explained as due to the mesomorphic crystalline structure of the second group of samples, in contrast to the monoclinic one for the first group, which was a result of the relatively fast cooling from the molten state and from the high comonomer molar content. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 48: 1994–2002, 2010
Efficacy of mulberry leaf tablets in patients with mild dyslipidemia
Authors: Aramwit Pornanong , Petcharat Kanokwan , Supasyndh Ouppatham 
Published: August 2010

AbstractMulberry leaf is well known for its several biological effects. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the hypolipidemic effect of mulberry leaf in non‐diabetic patients with mild dyslipidemia. A within‐subjects research design was conducted at the out‐patient clinic in Thailand. Twenty‐three patients who met the NCEP ATP III criteria guideline for dyslipidemia and failed a 4 week diet therapy were enrolled and assigned to receive three tablets of 280 mg mulberry leaf tablet three times a day before meals for a period of 12 weeks. Routine blood analyses including lipid parameters and liver function tests were performed every 4 weeks. At 4 and 8 weeks of mulberry leaf tablet therapy, triglyceride was significantly decreased by 10.2% (p < 0.05) and 12.5% (p < 0.05), respectively, from baseline. At the end of the study, total cholesterol, triglyceride and LDL were significantly decreased by 4.9% (p < 0.05), 14.1% (p < 0.05) and 5.6% (p < 0.05), respectively, from baseline, whereas HDL was significantly increased by 19.7% (p < 0.05). Even though some patients experienced side effects such as mild diarrhea (26%), dizziness (8.7%) or constipation and bloating (4.3%), mulberry leaf tablet therapy is still capable and safe in reducing cholesterol levels and enhancing HDL in patients with mild dyslipidemia. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Exclusivity in licensing alliances: using hostages to support technology commercialization
Authors: Somaya Deepak , Kim Youngjun , Vonortas Nicholas S. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractWe examine why exclusivity provisions are used in licensing alliances, and when restrictions in licensing scope (e.g., by product or geography) accompany these exclusivity provisions. We find broad support for the proposition that these features are associated with the contractual challenges of allying with licensees when they contribute valuable complementary capabilities toward the commercialization of licensed technologies. Evidence from our data suggests that exclusivity is used as a contractual hostage to safeguard licensee investments in complementary assets and to enable contracting over early stage technologies. Scope restrictions are employed to balance the tradeoffs between the value creation made possible by licensee complementary capabilities and the transactional hazards entailed in working exclusively with licensees. Our results also suggest that scope restrictions and other formal safeguards may be substitute mechanisms for managing similar transactional concerns in licensing alliances. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Fibroblast Growth Factor Type 2 Signaling Is Critical for DNA Repair in Human Keratinocyte Stem Cells
Authors: Harfouche Ghida , Vaigot Pierre , Rachidi Walid , Rigaud Odile , Moratille Sandra , Marie Mélanie , Lemaitre Gilles , Fortunel Nicolas O. , Martin Michèle T. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractTissue stem cells must be endowed with superior maintenance and repair systems to ensure genomic stability over multiple generations, which would be less necessary in more differentiated cells. We previously reported that human keratinocyte stem cells were more resistant to ionizing radiation toxicity than their direct progeny, the keratinocyte progenitor cells. In the present study we addressed the mechanisms underlying this difference. Investigations of DNA repair showed that both single and double DNA strand breaks were repaired more rapidly and more efficiently in stem cells than in progenitors. As cell signaling is a key regulatory step in the management of DNA damage, a gene profiling study was performed. Data revealed that several genes of the fibroblast growth factor type 2 (FGF2) signaling pathway were induced by DNA damage in stem cells and not in progenitors. Furthermore, an increased content of the FGF2 protein was found in irradiated stem cells, both for the secreted and the cellular forms of the protein. To examine the role of endogenous FGF2 in DNA repair, stem cells were exposed to FGF2 pathway inhibitors. Blocking the FGF2 receptor (FGF receptor 1) or the kinase (Ras-mitogen-activated protein kinase 1) resulted in a inhibition of single and double DNA strand-break repair in the keratinocyte stem cells. Moreover, supplementing the progenitor cells with exogenous FGF2 activated their DNA repair. We propose that, apart from its well-known role as a strong mitogen and prosurvival factor, FGF2 helps to maintain genomic integrity in stem cells by activating stress-induced DNA repair.
Pulmonary hemorrhage in type 3 Gaucher disease: a case report
Authors: Vellodi Ashok , Ashworth Michael , Finnegan Niamh , Wallis Colin 
Published: August 2010

AbstractA 2‐year‐old boy with type 3 Gaucher disease (GD) on treatment with enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) was found dead in bed having been apparently well the night before. At the time of diagnosis, he had significant respiratory symptoms (severe and persistent bouts of coughing) that had been attributed to Gaucher lung infiltration and that were controlled by inhaled and orally administered steroids. These symptoms had begun to reappear just prior to death. Postmortem revealed extensive pulmonary hemorrhage and intra‐alveolar collections of Gaucher cells. There was very little evidence of GD elsewhere. Death was ascribed to pulmonary hemorrhage secondary to GD. The pathogenesis was unclear. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case of isolated pulmonary hemorrhage secondary to GD and may represent a hitherto unrecognized complication of this condition. Given the apparent temporal relationship, we propose that it represented a severe, terminal event in the course of Gaucher lung disease.