bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genome-Wide Mapping of Cystitis Due to Streptococcus agalactiae and Escherichia coli in Mice Identifies a Unique Bladder Transcriptome That Signifies Pathogen-Specific Antimicrobial Defense against Urinary Tract Infection
Authors: Tan Chee K. , Carey Alison J. , Cui Xiangqin , Webb Richard I. , Ipe Deepak , Crowley Michael , Cripps Allan W. , Benjamin William H. , Ulett Kimberly B. , Schembri Mark A. , Ulett Glen C. 
Published: June 2012

ABSTRACTThe most common causes of urinary tract infections (UTIs) are Gram-negative pathogens such asEscherichia coli; however, Gram-positive organisms, includingStreptococcus agalactiae, or group B streptococcus (GBS), also cause UTI. In GBS infection, UTI progresses to cystitis once the bacteria colonize the bladder, but the host responses triggered in the bladder immediately following infection are largely unknown. Here, we used genome-wide expression profiling to map the bladder transcriptome of GBS UTI in mice infected transurethrally with uropathogenic GBS that was cultured from a 35-year-old women with cystitis. RNA from bladders was applied to Affymetrix Gene-1.0ST microarrays; quantitative reverse transcriptase PCR (qRT-PCR) was used to analyze selected gene responses identified in array data sets. A surprisingly small significant-gene list of 172 genes was identified at 24 h; this compared to 2,507 genes identified in a side-by-side comparison with uropathogenicE. coli(UPEC). No genes exhibited significantly altered expression at 2 h in GBS-infected mice according to arrays despite high bladder bacterial loads at this early time point. The absence of a marked early host response to GBS juxtaposed with broad-based bladder responses activated by UPEC at 2 h. Bioinformatics analyses, including integrative system-level network mapping, revealed multiple activated biological pathways in the GBS bladder transcriptome that regulate leukocyte activation, inflammation, apoptosis, and cytokine-chemokine biosynthesis. These findings define a novel, minimalistic type of bladder host response triggered by GBS UTI, which comprises collective antimicrobial pathways that differ dramatically from those activated by UPEC. Overall, this study emphasizes the unique nature of bladder immune activation mechanisms triggered by distinct uropathogens.
Host Response Signature to Staphylococcus aureus Alpha-Hemolysin Implicates Pulmonary Th17 Response
Authors: Frank Karen M. , Zhou Tong , Moreno-Vinasco Liliana , Hollett Brian , Garcia Joe G. N. , Bubeck Wardenburg Juliane 
Published: June 2012

ABSTRACTStaphylococcus aureuspneumonia causes significant morbidity and mortality. Alpha-hemolysin (Hla), a pore-forming cytotoxin ofS. aureus, has been identified through animal models of pneumonia as a critical virulence factor that induces lung injury. In spite of considerable molecular knowledge of how this cytotoxin injures the host, the precise host response to Hla in the context of infection remains poorly understood. We employed whole-genome expression profiling of infected lungs to define the host response to wild-typeS. aureuscompared with the response to an Hla-deficient isogenic mutant in experimental pneumonia. These data provide a complete expression profile at 4 and at 24 h postinfection, revealing a unique response to the toxin-expressing strain. Gene ontogeny analysis revealed significant differences in the extracellular matrix and cardiomyopathy pathways, both of which govern cellular interactions in the tissue microenvironment. Evaluation of individual transcript responses to Hla-secreting staphylococci was notable for upregulation of host cytokine and chemokine genes, including the p19 subunit of interleukin-23. Consistent with this observation, the cellular immune response to infection was characterized by a prominent Th17 response to the wild-type pathogen. These findings define specific host mRNA responses to Hla-producingS. aureus, coupling the pulmonary Th17 response to the secretion of this cytotoxin. Expression profiling to define the host response to a single virulence factor proved to be a valuable tool in identifying pathways for further investigation inS. aureuspneumonia. This approach may be broadly applicable to the study of bacterial toxins, defining host pathways that can be targeted to mitigate toxin-induced disease.
Complete Genome Sequence of Borrelia crocidurae
Authors: Elbir Haitham , Gimenez Grégory , Robert Catherine , Bergström Sven , Cutler Sally , Raoult Didier , Drancourt Michel 
Published: June 2012

ABSTRACT

We announce the draft genome sequence of
Borrelia crocidurae
(strain Achema). The 1,557,560-bp genome (27% GC content) comprises one 919,477-bp linear chromosome and 638,083-bp plasmids that together carry 1,472 open reading frames, 32 tRNAs, and three complete rRNAs, with almost complete colinearity between
B. crocidurae
and
Borrelia duttonii
chromosomes.
Genome Sequence of Helicobacter pylori hpEurope Strain N6
Authors: Behrens Wiebke , Bönig Tobias , Suerbaum Sebastian , Josenhans Christine 
Published: June 2012

ABSTRACT

Helicobacter pylori
colonizes about half of the world's population. It is a causative agent of stomach diseases, including malignant tumors. We report the genome sequence of strain N6, which is widely used in
H. pylori
research and appreciated for its large cell size and high transformation efficiency.
Genome Sequence of the Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacterium
Bacillus
sp. Strain JS
Authors: Song Ju Yeon , Kim Hyun A , Kim Ji-Seoung , Kim Seon-Young , Jeong Haeyoung , Kang Sung Gyun , Kim Byung Kwon , Kwon Soon-Kyeong , Lee Choong Hoon , Yu Dong Su , Kim Beom Seok , Kim Sun-Hyung , Kwon Suk Yoon , Kim Jihyun F. 
Published: June 2012

ABSTRACT

Volatile and nonvolatile compounds emitted from the plant growth-promoting rhizobacterium
Bacillus
sp. strain JS enhance the growth of tobacco and lettuce. Here, we report the high-quality genome sequence of this bacterium. Its 4.1-Mb genome reveals a number of genes whose products are possibly involved in promotion of plant growth or antibiosis.
Genome Sequence of the Leaf-Colonizing Bacterium Bacillus sp. Strain 5B6, Isolated from a Cherry Tree
Authors: Kim Byung Kwon , Chung Joon-hui , Kim Seon-Young , Jeong Haeyoung , Kang Sung Gyun , Kwon Soon-Kyeong , Lee Choong Hoon , Song Ju Yeon , Yu Dong Su , Ryu Choong-Min , Kim Jihyun F. 
Published: June 2012

ABSTRACT

Plant growth-promoting bacteria colonize various habitats, including the phyllosphere. Here, we present the high-quality draft genome sequence of
Bacillus
sp. strain 5B6, which was isolated from the leaf of a cherry tree. The 3.9-Mb genome uncovers its potential for understanding the nature of leaf colonization as well as antibiosis against plant pathogens.
Draft Genome Sequence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Strain ATCC 27853
Authors: Fang Xiangqun , Fang Zhiwei , Zhao Jiao , Zou Yuanqiang , Li Tianzhi , Wang Junfeng , Guo Yinghua , Chang De , Su Longxiang , Ni Peixiang , Liu Changting 
Published: June 2012

ABSTRACT

Pseudomonas aeruginosa
is a common bacterium that can cause disease. The versatility of
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
enables the organism to infect damaged tissues or those with reduced immunity which cause inflammation and sepsis. Here we report the genome sequence of the strain ATCC 27853.
Complete Genome Sequence of Bifidobacterium breve CECT 7263, a Strain Isolated from Human Milk
Authors: Jiménez Esther , Villar-Tajadura M. Antonia , Marín María , Fontecha Javier , Requena Teresa , Arroyo Rebeca , Fernández Leónides , Rodríguez Juan M. 
Published: June 2012

ABSTRACT

Bifidobacterium breve
is an actinobacterium frequently isolated from colonic microbiota of breastfeeding babies. Here, we report the complete and annotated genome sequence of a
B. breve
strain isolated from human milk,
B. breve
CECT 7263. The genome sequence will provide new insights into the biology of this potential probiotic organism and will allow the characterization of genes related to beneficial properties.
Kettlebell swing targets semitendinosus and supine leg curl targets biceps femoris: an EMG study with rehabilitation implications
Authors: Zebis Mette Kreutzfeldt , Skotte Jørgen , Andersen Christoffer H , Mortensen Peter , Petersen Højland H , Viskær Tine C , Jensen Tanja L , Bencke Jesper , Andersen Lars L 
Published: June 2012

BackgroundThe medial hamstring muscle has the potential to prevent excessive dynamic valgus and external rotation of the knee joint during sports. Thus, specific training targeting the medial hamstring muscle seems important to avoid knee injuries.ObjectiveThe aim was to investigate the medial and lateral hamstring muscle activation balance during 14 selected therapeutic exercises.Study designThe study design involved single-occasion repeated measures in a randomised manner. Sixteen female elite handball and soccer players with a mean (SD) age of 23 (3) years and no previous history of knee injury participated in the present study. Electromyographic (EMG) activity of the lateral (biceps femoris – BF) and medial (semitendinosus – ST) hamstring muscle was measured during selected strengthening and balance/coordination exercises, and normalised to EMG during isometric maximal voluntary contraction (MVC). A two-way analysis of variance was performed using the mixed procedure to determine whether differences existed in normalised EMG between exercises and muscles.ResultsKettlebell swing and Romanian deadlift targeted specifically ST over BF (Δ17–22%, p<0.05) at very high levels of normalised EMG (73–115% of MVC). In contrast, the supine leg curl and hip extension specifically targeted the BF over the ST (Δ 20–23%, p<0.05) at very high levels of normalised EMG (75–87% of MVC).ConclusionSpecific therapeutic exercises targeting the hamstrings can be divided into ST dominant or BF dominant hamstring exercises. Due to distinct functions of the medial and lateral hamstring muscles, this is an important knowledge in respect to prophylactic training and physical therapist practice.
Increased plasma and salivary cortisol levels in patients with oral cancer and their association with clinical stage
Authors: Bernabé Daniel Galera , Tamae Adriano Caires , Miyahara Glauco Issamu , Sundefeld Maria Lúcia Marçal , Oliveira Sandra Penha , Biasoli Éder Ricardo 
Published: June 2012

ObjectivesDysregulation of the hypothalamus–pituitary–adrenal axis has been observed in patients with cancer. This cross-sectional study investigated whether patients with oral and oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) show changes in cortisol levels in saliva and plasma compared with three control groups, and evaluated its correlation with clinicopathological data.MethodsSalivary and plasma cortisol levels of 34 patients with oral SCC were compared with hormonal levels of 17 oropharyngeal SCC patients, 17 oral leukoplakia patients, 27 smokers and/or drinkers and 25 healthy volunteers. Multivariate analysis was used to evaluate the impact of clinical variables on the cortisol levels.ResultsThe plasma (p<0.05) and salivary (p<0.01) cortisol levels were significantly higher in patients with oral SCC compared with all groups. Patients with oropharyngeal SCC had higher levels of salivary cortisol compared with smokers and/or drinkers (p<0.05) and patients with leukoplakia (p<0.01). Patients with advanced-stage oral SCC showed significantly higher levels of cortisol than those in an initial clinical stage. Men with oral SCC had higher salivary cortisol levels than women (p<0.05). Age, smoking, alcohol consumption, presence of teeth and awareness of cancer diagnosis had no significant effect on cortisol levels.ConclusionsThese results indicate a dysregulation of cortisol secretion in patients with oral cancer and suggest that this hormone can be a biomarker associated with the disease's clinical status.
Serological survey to determine the occurrence of respiratory Mycoplasma infections in the Polish cattle population
Authors: Bednarek D. , Ayling R. D. , Nicholas R. A. J. , Dudek K. , Szymańska‐Czerwińska M. 
Published: June 2012

Mycoplasma bovis and Mycoplasma mycoides subspecies mycoides small colony (Mmm SC) are causes of bovine mycoplasmosis and contagious bovine pleuropneumonia (CBPP), respectively, and are responsible for serious economic losses in cattle around the world. CBPP was last reported in Poland in 1939 but bovine mycoplasmosis is believed to be endemic. A survey of 3670 serum samples for antibodies to M bovis and Mmm SC from 361 herds in 16 Polish provinces Poland between 2007 and 2010 found no evidence of CBPP. The seroprevalence of M bovis, however, appeared high with 76.7 per cent of samples giving a positive reaction in the ELISA test, which did not appear to reflect the clinical disease status of the cattle. Adjusting the sensitivity of the test reduced the prevalence to 28.2 per cent and reflects the levels reported in other European countries
MS1-1: Imaging Cancer Invasion In Vivo: Mechanisms and Implications for Therapy.
Authors: Friedl P 
Published: June 2012

Abstract
The tumor microenvironment contributes to cancer invasion, growth and survival and thereby impacts tumor responses to therapy. Using infrared-excited multiphoton microscopy in orthotopic fibrosarcoma and melanoma xenografts, we here identify a novel radio- and chemoresistance niche consisting of invading tumor cell strands consisting of several hundred connected cells located within collagen-rich stroma nearby blood and lymph vessels. Despite normoxia, perivascular invasion strands were resistant to high-dose hypofractionated irradiation which otherwise was sufficient to induce regression of the tumor main mass. This invasion-associated chemo-and radioresistance was sensitive to the simultaneous inhibition of β1 and β3 integrins by RNA interference or combined anti-β1/aV integrin antibody treatment leading to proliferation arrest, anoikis induction and subtotal to complete regression of both tumor lesion and invasion strands. Thus, collective invasion is an important invasion mode in solid tumors into a microenvironmentally priviledged perivascular survival niche which conveys radioresistance by integrin-dependent signals.
Citation Information: Cancer Res 2011;71(24 Suppl):Abstract nr MS1-1.
MS2-2: Environmental Exposures, Epigenetics, and Epidemiology: Influence of Environmental Factors on Pubertal Maturation and Breast Cancer Etiology.
Authors: Hiatt RA 
Published: June 2012

Abstract
Although much of breast cancer etiology can be explained on the basis of reproductive and family histories, there remains concern among both the public and scientific communities about the possible role of environmental factors. Several well-established observations suggest a role of external environmental factors including the 5-fold international differences in incidence rates and the rapid inter-generational increases in incidence with migration from low to high incidence countries. Although epidemiologic studies in adult populations have generally failed to discover a strong role for environmental factors in breast cancer etiology, emerging data suggests that relevant exposures may have effects in early life during so-called “windows of susceptibility” and be missed by attempted measurement in adulthood. Exposures to ionizing radiation and to diethylstilbestrol during pubertal development and in utero, respectively, are two examples. Recently, more attention has been directed to other environmental exposures, especially endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) during early development and the pubertal period in particular. Many EDCs can now be measured in biospecimens from young prepubertal girls and in pregnant women, and animal studies suggest that some of these may cause changes in reproductive systems.
Early menarche is a well-established risk factor for breast cancer and increases risk approximately 2-fold compared to later menarche. The average age at menarche has also dramatically decreased in developed countries over the last 100 years, likely as the result of environmental factors including diet. However, the relevant exposures and their mode and timing of action are not well understood. An on-going epidemiologic cohort study of 1239 pre-pubertal girls from diverse race/ethnic and socioeconomic backgrounds has documented still earlier ages of pubertal onset and is offering insights into the potential role of EDCs and other chemicals, diet, physical activity, psychosocial and genetic factors on pubertal onset, the age of menarche and other markers of early development. This research on early environmental exposures in humans is proving both exciting and challenging and requires consideration of the complex nature of breast cancer etiology.
Citation Information: Cancer Res 2011;71(24 Suppl):Abstract nr MS2-2.
OT2-01-02: First-Line Bevacizumab in Combination with Capecitabine or Paclitaxel for HER2−Negative Locally Recurrent or Metastatic Breast Cancer (LR/MBC): A Randomized Phase III Trial.
Authors: Beslija S , Brodowicz T , Greil R , Inbar MJ , Kahán Z , Kaufman B , Lang I , Steger GG , Stemmer SM , Zielinski C , Zvirbule Z 
Published: June 2012

Abstract
Background
A number of phase III studies have shown significant progression-free survival (PFS) benefits with the combination of bevacizumab (Bev) and either first-line capecitabine (X) or taxane therapy in LR/MBC. The ongoing open-label, randomized, phase III CECOG-sponsored TURANDOT study (CECOG/BC.1.3.005) is investigating the efficacy and safety of first-line Bev plus paclitaxel (P) versus Bev plus X in this setting.
Materials and methods: Eligible patients (pts) are aged ≥18 years with HER2−negative, chemonaïve LR/MBC, an ECOG performance status of 0–2 and a life expectancy &gt;12 weeks. Prior chemotherapy and concomitant hormonal therapy for LR/MBC are not permitted, but prior (neo)adjuvant chemotherapy is allowed if completed ≥6 months before randomization or ≥12 months if taxane based. Pts are randomized to receive Bev 10mg/kg days 1, 15 plus P 90mg/m2 days 1, 8, 15, q28d (Arm A) or Bev 15mg/kg day 1 plus X 1,000mg/m2 bid days 1–14, q21d (Arm B) until disease progression, unacceptable toxicity or withdrawal of consent. The primary objective is to demonstrate non-inferiority in overall survival (OS) with Bev plus P versus Bev plus X (upper limit ≤1.33 for the two-sided confidence interval for hazard ratio [HR]). Secondary objectives are: comparison of overall response rate (RECIST criteria); PFS; time to response; duration of response; time to treatment failure; safety (CTCAE version 3); and quality of life (EORTC QLQ-30). The recruitment target is 560 pts. A sample size of 490 pts in the per-protocol population will be required to provide 80% power to reject the null hypothesis of inferiority at a one-sided significance level of 0.025, assuming a 24-month median OS with Bev plus P and an alternative hypothesis of HR=1. Data cut-off for adverse event reports was 12 Apr 2010. Interim and final efficacy analyses will be triggered after 175 and 389 events, respectively.
Results: Recruitment to the study began in Sep 2008 and was completed in Aug 2010, with 561 pts randomized. Follow-up is ongoing.
Conclusions: TURANDOT is the first study to examine the efficacy and safety of Bev plus P versus Bev plus X as first-line treatment for pts with LR/MBC.
Citation Information: Cancer Res 2011;71(24 Suppl):Abstract nr OT2-01-02.
P1-01-07: ErbB-2 Peptide Vaccination Suppresses Spontaneous Tumorigenesis and Tumor Stem Cell Expansion in MMTV-PyVT Transgenic Mouse.
Authors: Park KH , Gil EY , Choi YJ , Kim ST , Cho KR , Seo JH , Lee ES , Kim IS , Disis ML 
Published: June 2012

Abstract
Immunization targeting ErbB-2 could have considerable therapeutic potential by controlling growth and metastasis of highly aggressive tumor cells in the earlier preclinical and clinical studies. Just a few studies have examined preventive potential of ErbB-2 vaccines in preclinical studies. However, animal model systems used in the previous studies were tumor transplantation or neu-transgenic mouse, which were not relevant to human HER-2 positive breast tumorigenesis. In this study, active immunotherapy against tumor antigen ErbB-2/neu for primary prevention of breast cancer was tested using FVB/N-Tg (MMTV-PyVT) transgenic mice model. Mice were grouped to receive either ErbB-2 peptide vaccine, immune adjuvant only, tetanus toxoid, or PBS every 2 weeks for 3 times and monthly thereafter. The MMTV-PyVT transgenic mice in control groups (PBS, immune adjuvant only, or tetanus toxoid peptide) developed spontaneous mammary adenocarcinomas in 12 to 15 weeks, but vaccination against ErbB-2 strongly suppressed tumor formation by 30 weeks of observation. Further pathologic examination showed complete prevention of tumorigenesis was observed in ErbB-2 vaccinated mice, whereas the mice in control groups developed highly aggressive ErbB-2 overexpressing tumors similar to human breast cancer. The tumor protective effect of peptide vaccination was associated with induction of ErbB-2-specific humoral immune responses as well as T cell responses. Additionally, role of signal through ErbB-2 pathway and the relationship with stemness of cancer cells were determined by Aldefluor assay, mammosphere formation assay using Mouse mammary carcinoma (MMC) cells in vitro, and level of nestin expression determined by Western blot analysis. Further analysis of mammosphere formation capacity of MMC cells using immune sera showed that sera from ErbB2 vaccinated mice had a significant inhibitory effect on mammosphere formation in ErbB-2 overexpressing MMC cells. These results suggest that ErbB-2 targeting by cancer vaccination might be useful adjuvant to standard therapy, helping to prevent relapse in patients with ErbB-2-overexpressing tumors by suppressing stem/progenitor cell population.
Citation Information: Cancer Res 2011;71(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P1-01-07.