bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characterization of lipids and antioxidant capacity of novel nutraceutical egg products developed with omega‐3‐rich oils
Authors: Kassis Nissan M , Gigliotti Joseph C , Beamer Sarah K , Tou Janet C , Jaczynski Jacek 
Published: July 2011

AbstractBACKGROUND: Cardiovascular disease has had an unquestioned status of the number one cause of death in the US since 1921. Omega‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (ω‐3 PUFAs) have cardio‐protective benefits. However, egg is typically a poor source of ω‐3 PUFAs and, in general, the American diet is low in these cardio‐protective fatty acids. Novel, nutritionally enhanced egg products were developed by substituting yolk with ω‐3 PUFA‐rich flaxseed, menhaden, algae, or krill oil. Experimental egg products matched composition of hen egg (whole egg). The experimental egg products, mixed whole egg, and a liquid egg product (Egg Beaters™) were microwave‐cooked and compared.RESULTS: Although fat, protein, and moisture contents of experimental egg products matched (P > 0.05) mixed whole egg, experimental egg products had more (P < 0.05) ω‐3 PUFAs, lower (P < 0.05) ω‐6/ω‐3 ratio, and depending on oil added, a higher (P < 0.05) unsaturated/saturated fatty acids ratio compared to mixed whole egg. Triglycerides were the main lipid class in all experimental egg products except those developed with krill oil, which had even more phospholipids than mixed whole egg. Analysis of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances showed that lipid oxidation of experimental egg products was lower (P < 0.05) or similar (P > 0.05) to mixed whole egg, except for experimental egg products with krill oil. However, peroxide value showed that all egg samples had minimal oxidation. Experimental egg products developed with menhaden or flaxseed oil had the highest (P < 0.05) concentration of the antioxidant, ethyoxquin compared to all other egg samples. However, experimental egg products with krill oil likely contained a natural antioxidant, astaxanthin.CONCLUSION: This study demonstrated an alternative approach to developing novel, nutraceutical egg products. Instead of dietary modification of chicken feed, yolk substitution with ω‐3 PUFAs oils resulted in enhancement of ω‐3 PUFAs beyond levels possible to achieve by modifying chicken feed. Copyright © 2011 Society of Chemical Industry
Quality of white cabbage yield and potential risk of ground water nitrogen pollution, as affected by nitrogen fertilisation and irrigation practices
Authors: Maršić Nina Kacjan , Šturm Martina , Zupanc Vesna , Lojen Sonja , Pintar Marina 
Published: July 2011

AbstractBACKGROUND: The effect of different fertilisation (broadcast solid NPK application and fertigation with water‐soluble fertiliser) and irrigation practices (sprinkler and drip irrigation) on yield, the nitrate content in cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata L.) and the cabbage N uptake was detected, in order to assess the potential risk for N losses, by cultivation on sandy–loam soil. The N rate applied on the plots was 200 kg N ha−1.RESULTS: The highest yield (93 t ha−1) and nitrate content (1256 mg kg−1 DW) were found with treatments using broadcast fertilisation and sprinkler irrigation. On those plots the negative N balance (−30 kg N ha−1) was recorded, which comes mainly from the highest crop N uptake (234 kg N ha−1) indicating the lowest potential for N losses.CONCLUSION: In terms of yield quality and the potential risk for N losses, broadcast fertilisation combined with sprinkler irrigation proved to be the most effective combination among the tested practices under the given experimental conditions. The importance of adequate irrigation is also evident, namely in plots on which 50% drip irrigation was applied, the lowest yield was detected and according to the positive N balance, a higher potential for N losses is expected. Copyright © 2011 Society of Chemical Industry
Preparation of monomeric and polymeric β‐cyclodextrin functionalized monoliths for rapid isolation and purification of puerarin from Radix puerariae
Authors: Lv Yongqin , Hughes Timothy C. , Hao Xiaojuan , Mei Danping , Tan Tianwei 
Published: July 2011

AbstractMonomeric and epichlorohydrin polymerized β‐CD functionalized monoliths were prepared for the rapid isolation and purification of the isoflavonoid puerarin, a well‐known traditional Chinese drug, from a crude extract of Radix puerariae (root of the plant Pueraria lobata). Two copolymers poly(isocyanatoethyl methacrylate‐co‐methyl methacrylate‐co‐ethylene dimethacrylate) (poly(IEM‐co‐MMA‐co‐EDMA)) and poly(glycidyl methacrylate‐co‐EDMA) (poly(GMA‐co‐EDMA)) were developed as facile, highly reactive and versatile monolithic matrix. SEM characterization demonstrated that the modified monoliths had homogenous porous structure and morphology. The success of the chemical modification of the monolithic matrix was confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), solid‐state 13C NMR and elemental analysis. It was demonstrated that polymeric β‐CD modified monoliths had better separation and selectivity for puerarin, recovering puerarin with a purity of 96% (m%) and a yield of 93% (m%). Compared with poly(glycidyl methacrylate‐co‐EDMA), poly(isocyanatoethyl methacrylate‐co‐methyl methacrylate‐co‐EDMA) monolithic matrix had higher reactivity, which significantly improved the β‐CD ligand density and thus the selectivity of the monoliths. Puerarin with a purity of 96% (m%) and with a yield of 89% (m%) was recovered on the monolith.
Segmenting Mainland Chinese Tourists to Taiwan by Destination Familiarity: a Factor‐cluster Approach
Authors: Chen Chun‐Chu , Lin Yueh‐Hsiu 
Published: July 2011

ABSTRACTThis research examines the effectiveness of destination familiarity as a segmentation variable. Based on the traditional destination‐choice model, which suggests that customers might eliminate unfavorable destinations in the early stages of information search process, this research proposes that familiar customers should possess more favorable destination images and higher visiting intentions than unfamiliar customers. As the results confirm the positive effects of destination familiarity on destination image and travel intention, the effectiveness of destination familiarity as a segmentation variable is also verified. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Tourism Competitiveness and the Role of Fractionalization
Authors: Das Jayoti , Dirienzo Cassandra E. 
Published: July 2011

ABSTRACTThis study explores the impact of ethno‐linguistic fractionalization on tourism competitiveness. Using the 2009 Travel and Tourism Competitiveness Index, a comprehensive measure of tourism competitiveness developed by the World Economic Forum, this study provides evidence that while ethno‐linguistic fractionalization negatively impacts tourism competitiveness across nations, this effect is mitigated in wealthier countries. The results suggest that policy makers operating in less developed and more fractionalized countries should make a concerted effort to enhance economic development and strengthen the institutions, infrastructure, and overall business and economic environment needed to support and foster a successful tourism industry. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Shifting threats faced by the San Clemente sage sparrow
Authors: Hudgens Brian , Beaudry Frederic , George T. Luke , Kaiser Sara , Munkwitz Nicole M. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractThreats to a species' persistence are likely to change as conservation measures reduce some threats, while natural and anthropogenic changes increase others. Despite a variety of potential underlying mechanisms, extinction threats will be manifested through one of the 3 components of population dynamics: reducing population growth potential, increasing population variability, or lowering the population ceiling. Consequently, effective management can be guided by monitoring programs and population models that examine each of these components. We examined the potential for a coupled monitoring and modeling effort to guide management of species‐at‐risk while accounting for evolving risks using the case study of the threatened San Clemente sage sparrow (Amphispiza belli clementeae). Originally listed due to a low population ceiling imposed by severe habitat loss, we found that the major threat to San Clemente sage sparrow persistence has shifted to low population growth potential driven by high juvenile mortality. We further found that successful mitigation of high juvenile mortality will shift the primary threat to drought frequency, which is predicted to increase on San Clemente Island as a consequence of global climate change. The latter shift is a consequence of the boom‐bust ecology exhibited by San Clemente sage sparrows in response to rainfall—likely a common characteristic of short‐lived terrestrial vertebrates in arid environments. Our ability to successfully recover this species hinges on a comprehensive monitoring and modeling program incorporating all 3 components of population dynamics informing changes in management priorities to reflect shifting threats. Our study indicates that the next critical step to recovering sage sparrows is to understand and mitigate the causes of high juvenile mortality. In response to these predictions, the United States Navy has funded a radio‐telemetry study to determine the cause(s) of juvenile mortalities. © 2011 The Wildlife Society.
Forage availability for white‐tailed deer following silvicultural treatments in hardwood forests
Authors: Lashley Marcus A. , Harper Craig A. , Bates Gary E. , Keyser Patrick D. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractClosed‐canopy upland hardwood stands often lack diverse understory structure and composition, limiting available nutrition for white‐tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) as well as nesting and foraging structure for other wildlife. Various regeneration methods can positively influence understory development; however, non‐commercial strategies are needed to improve available nutrition in many stands, as some contain timber that is not ready to harvest and others are owned by landowners who are not interested in harvesting timber. Applications of herbicide and prescribed fire have improved availability of food and cover for deer and other wildlife in pine (Pinus spp.) systems. However, this strategy has not been evaluated in hardwood systems. To evaluate the influence of fire and herbicide treatments on available deer forage in upland hardwood systems, we measured forage availability and calculated nutritional carrying capacity (NCC) at 14% crude protein mixed diet, following 7 silvicultural treatments, including controls, in 4 mixed upland hardwood stands July–September 2007 and 2008. We compared NCC among forest treatments and within 4 paired warm‐season forage food plots to evaluate the usefulness of food plots in areas where forests are managed. Nutritional carrying capacity estimates (deer days/ha) were greatest following canopy reduction with prescribed fire treatments in both years. Understory herbicide application did not affect species composition or NCC 1 year or 2 years post‐treatment. Production of forage plantings exceeded that of forest treatments both years with the exception of early‐maturing soybeans and retention cut with fire 2 years post‐treatment. We encourage land managers to use canopy reducing treatments and low‐intensity prescribed fire to increase available nutrition and improve available cover where needed in upland hardwood systems. In areas where deer density may limit understory development, high‐quality forage food plots may be used to buffer browsing while strategies to reduce deer density and stimulate the forest understory are implemented. © 2011 The Wildlife Society.
Fecal hormones as a non‐invasive population monitoring method for reindeer
Authors: Morden C‐Jae C. , Weladji Robert B. , Ropstad Erik , Dahl Ellen , Holand Øystein , Mastromonaco Gabriela , Nieminen Mauri 
Published: July 2011

AbstractProper management of threatened species requires knowledge of population sizes and structures, however current techniques to gather this information are generally impractical and costly and can be stressful on the animals. Non‐invasive methods that can produce high quality and accurate results are better alternatives. In winter 2010, we collected blood and fecal samples from 2 reindeer (Rangifer tarandus) populations (Kaamanen, Finland and Svalbard, Norway) to investigate the feasibility of using fecal progesterone metabolites to help estimate the reproductive status, the sex, and the age structures of the populations. We first examined the relationship between plasma progesterone and fecal progesterone metabolite concentrations. We further assessed whether fecal progesterone metabolite levels would clearly differ among calf, yearling, and adult and between pregnant and non‐pregnant females. We quantified fecal progesterone metabolites (using enzyme immunoassay) and plasma progesterone (using radio immunoassay) of females and males of different ages from the 2 herds. We found in both populations that fecal progesterone metabolite levels reflected plasma progesterone concentrations. However, the range of fecal progesterone metabolite concentration was much wider in Finland than in Svalbard, possibly due to differences in diet or body condition. We determined a threshold value of 1.31 ng/ml plasma progesterone and 2025.93 ng/g dried fecal progesterone metabolites to identify pregnant reindeer from non‐pregnant animals with 100% accuracy. We found a significant difference in fecal progesterone metabolite concentrations only between calves and yearlings/adults in Finland. We could not differentiate among males, non‐pregnant adults, or calves of either sex; therefore identification of sex may have to rely on the use of DNA techniques. Our results suggest that hormone concentration, in combination with fecal DNA and pellet morphometry techniques, may provide important population parameters and is a valuable tool for the monitoring of reindeer and may have an application for threatened populations of woodland caribou throughout the winter and early spring. © 2011 The Wildlife Society.
Next level of immunosuppression: Drug/immune monitoring
Authors: Levitsky Josh 
Published: July 2011

Key Points
1. Current immunological monitoring relies heavily on clinical judgment and therapeutic drug levels and does not adequately assess the functional or donor-specific immunosuppression (IS) status of recipients of liver transplantation (LT).
2. Trough levels of drugs are arbitrary and are more clinically relevant for preventing supratherapeutic or subtherapeutic dosing and blood concentrations and for more closely monitoring at-risk populations (children, the elderly, and patients with organ dysfunction). The AUC or the post-dose levels may be more precise, but they have not been used extensively by transplant centers.
3. Data on drug/immune monitoring specific to LT are fairly limited; therefore, clinical practice is often borrowed from experiences with nonhepatic transplantation (mainly renal transplantation).
4. The monitoring of drug levels in patients taking generic immunosuppressants is challenging because the formulations may change with each prescription. The monitoring of drug or antibody levels is not yet clinically available for biological therapies (induction, lymphocyte-depleting, and maintenance agents).
5. Polymorphisms in drug metabolism (cytochrome P450 and P-glycoprotein) may be useful in selecting the initial and maintenance dosages of immunosuppressants and in preventing complications from over or underimmunosuppression.
6. Future immune monitoring assays should be focused on genomic or immunological predispositions and on specific reactivities to donor antigens to guide the appropriate dosing and minimization of IS after LT.
Subelliptic estimates and regularity of \documentclass{article}\usepackage{amssymb}\begin{document}\pagestyle{empty}$\bf \bar{\partial}$\end{document} at the boundary of a Q‐pseudoconvex domain of finite type
Authors: Ahn Heungju , Baracco Luca , Zampieri Giuseppe 
Published: July 2011

AbstractWe prove subelliptic estimates in degree k ≥ q for the \documentclass{article}\usepackage{amssymb}\begin{document}\pagestyle{empty}$\bar{\partial }$\end{document}‐Neumann problem over a domain \documentclass{article}\usepackage{amssymb}\begin{document}\pagestyle{empty}$\Omega \subset \subset {\mathbb C}^n$\end{document} which is weakly q‐pseudoconvex and satisfies in addition a finite bracket type condition. © 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim
Optimality of log Hölder continuity of the integrated density of states
Authors: Krüger Helge , Gan Zheng 
Published: July 2011

AbstractWe construct examples that log Hölder continuity of the integrated density of states cannot be improved. Our examples are limit‐periodic. © 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim
Orientability of linear Weingarten surfaces, spacelike CMC‐1 surfaces and maximal surfaces
Authors: Kokubu Masatoshi , Umehara Masaaki 
Published: July 2011

AbstractWe prove several topological properties of linear Weingarten surfaces of Bryant type, as wave fronts in hyperbolic 3‐space. For example, we show the orientability of such surfaces, and also co‐orientability when they are not flat. Moreover, we show an explicit formula of the non‐holomorphic hyperbolic Gauss map via another hyperbolic Gauss map which is holomorphic. Using this, we show the orientability and co‐orientability of CMC‐1 faces (i.e., constant mean curvature one surfaces with admissible singular points) in de Sitter 3‐space. (CMC‐1 faces might not be wave fronts in general, but belong to a class of linear Weingarten surfaces with singular points.) Since both linear Weingarten fronts and CMC‐1 faces may have singular points, orientability and co‐orientability are both nontrivial properties. Furthermore, we show that the zig‐zag representation of the fundamental group of a linear Weingarten surface of Bryant type is trivial. We also remark on some properties of non‐orientable maximal surfaces in Lorentz‐Minkowski 3‐space, comparing the corresponding properties of CMC‐1 faces in de Sitter 3‐space. © 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim
1H and DOSY NMR spectroscopy analysis of Ligusticum porteri rhizome extracts
Authors: León Alejandra , Chávez María Isabel , Delgado Guillermo 
Published: July 2011

AbstractThe presence of dimeric phthalides and other constituents in extracts of the vegetal species Ligusticum porteri was established by NMR spectroscopy. In comparative qualitative 1H NMR analyses of acetone extracts of rhizomes from fresh and dried L. porteri samples, we found that the dimeric phthalides tokinolide B (3), diligustilide (4) and riligustilide (5) were naturally produced by the plant and not post‐harvest products. We also obtained DOSY 1H NMR data that provided both virtual separation and structural information for the phthalides present in a dry acetone extract of L. porteri. In addition, we developed a protocol for the quantification of dimeric phthalides, which is performed by calculating the relative ratio of the peak area of selected proton signals for some compounds with respect to the known signal of the internal standard, 4‐dimethylaminopyridine. The protocol allows the rapid and direct quantification of dimeric phthalides and others constituents in fresh L. porteri rhizomes. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Geminal2J(29Si‐O‐29Si) couplings in oligosiloxanes and their relation to direct1J(29Si‐13C) couplings
Authors: Kurfürst Milan , Blechta Vratislav , Schraml Jan 
Published: July 2011

AbstractAbsolute values of (79) geminal2J(29Si‐O‐29Si) couplings were measured in an extensive series of (55) unstrained siloxanes dissolved in chloroform‐d. Signs of2J(29Si‐O‐29Si) in some (9) silicon hydrides were determined relative to1J(29Si‐1H) which are known to be negative. It is supposed that positive sign of the2J(29Si‐O‐29Si) coupling found in all studied hydrides is common to all siloxanes. Theoretical calculations for simple model compounds failed to reproduce this sign and so their predictions of bond length and angle dependences cannot be taken as reliable. Useful empirical correlations were found between the2J(29Si‐O‐29Si) couplings on one side and the total numbermof oxygen atoms bonded to the silicon atoms, sum of29Si chemical shifts or product of1J(29Si‐13C) couplings on the other side. The significance of these correlations is briefly discussed. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Broken heart syndrome in myasthenia gravis
Authors: Bansal Vibhav , Kansal Mayank M. , Rowin Julie 
Published: July 2011

AbstractBroken heart syndrome or stress‐induced non‐ischemic cardiomyopathy (SICM) has rarely been reported in the setting of myasthenic crisis. We describe a case of reversible SICM that occurred simultaneously with myasthenic crisis in a 77‐year‐old man without prior cardiac history, and we discuss the previous findings that support an association of other cardiac disorders with myasthenia gravis. Muscle Nerve 000: 000–000, 2011
Skin biopsy–proven flecainide‐induced neuropathy
Authors: Burakgazi Ahmet Z. , Polydefkis Michael , Höke Ahmet 
Published: July 2011

AbstractFlecainide acetate is a classic Ic antiarrhythmic agent used to treat a variety of cardiac arrhythmias. Non‐cardiac side effects usually affect the central nervous system. Few case reports of possible flecainide‐induced peripheral neuropathy have been reported. We report this unique case in that flecainide‐induced sensory neuropathy was confirmed with skin biopsy, and subsequent improvement of neuropathy was documented with assessment of intraepidermal nerve fiber density in a repeat nerve biopsy. Muscle Nerve 45: 144–146, 2011
Notch signalling is off and is uncoupled from HES1 expression in Ewing's sarcoma
Authors: Bennani‐Baiti Idriss M , Aryee Dave NT , Ban Jozef , Machado Isidro , Kauer Maximilian , Mühlbacher Karin , Amann Gabriele , Llombart‐Bosch Antonio , Kovar Heinrich 
Published: July 2011

AbstractNotch can act as an oncogene or as a tumour suppressor and thus can either promote or inhibit tumour cell growth. To establish Notch status in Ewing's sarcoma family of tumours (ESFT), we investigated the Notch pathway by gene expression profiling meta‐analysis or immunohistochemistry in samples obtained from 96 and 24 ESFT patients, respectively. We found that although Notch receptors were highly expressed, Notch did not appear to be active, as evidenced by the absence of Notch receptors in cell nuclei. In contrast, we show that Notch receptors known to be active in colon adenocarcinoma, hepatocarcinoma, and pancreatic carcinoma stain cell nuclei in these tumours. High expression of the Notch effector HES1 transcription factor, usually used as a surrogate marker for active Notch, was also restricted to outside of the nucleus in the majority of ESFT, and analysis of HES1 gene targets indicated HES1 to be transcriptionally inactive. Neither forced activation nor pharmacological or genetic blocking of Notch affected HES1 expression in ESFT cells, indicating HES1 expression to be uncoupled from the Notch pathway. Additional functional studies in ESFT cell lines confirmed Notch to be switched off. Finally, unlike experiments in which HES1 expression was modulated, experimental activation of Notch in ESFT cell lines via several means blocked cell proliferation and reduced their clonogenic potential in soft agar. These indicate that HES1 is uncoupled from Notch in ESFT, that EWS–FLI1‐mediated inhibition of Notch contributes to ESFT aggressive cell growth, and support a role for Notch in ESFT tumour suppression, at least partly through the Notch effector HEY1. Copyright © 2011 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.