bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bacteriophages to control Vibrio alginolyticus in live feeds prior to their administration in larviculture
Authors: Tadeu Amanda Dias , Duarte João , Trindade David , Costa Pedro , Venâncio Cátia , Lopes Isabel , Oliveira Vanessa , Gomes Newton C M , Almeida Adelaide , Pereira Carla 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Aims
This study aimed to evaluate the efficiency of two phages [VB_VaC_TDDLMA (phage TDD) and VB_VaC_SRILMA (phage SRI)] alone and in a cocktail to control Vibrio alginolyticus in brine shrimp before their administration in larviculture.

Methods and results
Phages were isolated from seawater samples and characterized by host spectrum, growth parameters, adsorption rate, genomic analysis, and inactivation efficiency. Both phages belong to the Caudoviricetes class and lack known virulence or antibiotic-resistance genes. They exhibit specificity, infecting only their host, V. alginolyticus CECT 521. Preliminary experiments in a culture medium showed that phage TDD (reduction of 5.8 log CFU ml−1 after 10 h) outperformed phage SRI (reduction of 4.6 log CFU ml−1 after 6 h) and the cocktail TDD/SRI (reduction of 5.2 log CFU ml−1 after 8 h). In artificial marine water experiments with Artemia franciscana, both single phage suspensions and the phage cocktail, effectively inactivated V. alginolyticus in culture water (reduction of 4.3, 2.1, and 1.9 log CFU ml−1 for phages TDD, SRI, and the phage cocktail, respectively, after 12 h) and in A. franciscana (reduction of 51.6%, 87.3%, and 85.3% for phages TDD, SRI, and the phage cocktail, respectively, after 24 h). The two phages and the phage cocktail did not affect A. franciscana natural microbiota or other Vibrio species in the brine shrimp.

Conclusions
The results suggest that phages can safely and effectively control V. alginolyticus in A. franciscana prior to its administration in larviculture.
Reporting after removal: the effects of journalist expulsion on foreign news coverage
Authors: DeButts Matt , Pan Jennifer 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
What happens to international media reporting when governments expel foreign journalists? Countries around the world expel foreign reporters, yet there is no consensus about the effects of such expulsions. We argue there are three possible outcomes of expulsion: a chilling effect, resilience, and backlash. Using China as a case study, we evaluate these competing theories by collecting a novel dataset of foreign news stories about China and applying time-series causal inference methods to measure the effects of expulsion on information origination, composition, and reach after March 2020, when the Chinese government expelled a large number of foreign correspondents. Results show that expelled media organizations did not experience a chilling effect or backlash on reporting and may have changed their production processes to account for expulsion. These findings suggest that news organizations can remain resilient to the impact of extraordinary events which target the organization and disrupt internal production processes.
Resonant absorption of standing MHD waves in coronal loops in the absence of directional symmetry: the effect of weak plasma flow
Authors: Bahari Karam 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT
The oscillation properties of standing magnetohydrodynamic waves in coronal loops has been investigated. A coronal loop is modelled as a straight cylinder with purely axial magnetic field and field aligned plasma flow. The loop model includes an inhomogeneous transitional layer that causes the wave to be resonantly damped. Our aim is to obtain the solution describing a resonantly damped standing kink wave in a flowing loop with the directional symmetry of the loop being broken due to the presence of plasma flow. In the absence of damping the standing wave is a superposition of two waves propagating in the opposite directions that have the same frequency but different wavenumbers. However, the same approach cannot be used when there is damping because the decrements of the two propagating waves are different. We suggest that in the case of relatively weak flow, as is the case in coronal loops, the effect of flow on the decrements can be neglected. Then the decrements of the two waves are the same and the solution describing the damped standing kink wave is a superposition of two resonantly damped propagating waves.
Supermassive black holes from runaway mergers and accretion in nuclear star clusters
Authors: Kritos Konstantinos , Berti Emanuele , Silk Joseph 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT
Rapid formation of supermassive black holes occurs in dense nuclear star clusters that are initially gas-dominated. Stellar-mass black hole remnants of the most massive cluster stars sink into the core, where a massive runaway black hole forms as a consequence of combined effects of repeated mergers and Eddington-limited gas accretion. The associated gravitational wave signals of high-redshift extreme mass-ratio inspirals are a unique signature of the nuclear star cluster scenario.
Clustering of dark matter in the cosmic web as a probe of massive neutrinos
Authors: Khoshtinat Mohadese , Ansarifard Mohammad , Hassani Farbod , Baghram Shant 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT
The large-scale structure of the Universe is distributed in a cosmic web. Studying the distribution and clustering of dark matter particles and haloes may open up a new horizon for studying the physics of the dark Universe. In this work, we investigate the nearest neighbour statistics and spherical contact function in cosmological models with massive neutrinos. For this task, we use the relativistic N-body code, gevolution, and study particle snapshots at three different redshifts. In each snapshot, we find the haloes and evaluate the letter functions for them. We show that a generic behaviour can be found in the nearest neighbour, G(r), and spherical contact functions, F(r), which makes these statistics promising tools to constrain the total neutrino mass.
The LOFAR Two-metre Sky Survey: The nature of the faint source population and SFR–radio luminosity relation using
prospector
Authors: Das Soumyadeep , Smith Daniel J B , Haskell Paul , Hardcastle Martin J , Best Philip N , Duncan Kenneth J , Arnaudova Marina I , Shenoy Shravya , Kondapally Rohit , Cochrane Rachel K , Drake Alyssa B , Gürkan Gülay , Małek Katarzyna , Morabito Leah K , Prandoni Isabella 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT
Spectral energy distribution (SED) fitting has been extensively used to determine the nature of the faint radio source population. Recent efforts have combined fits from multiple SED-fitting codes to account for the host galaxy and any active nucleus that may be present. We show that it is possible to produce similar-quality classifications using a single energy-balance SED fitting code, prospector, to model up to 26 bands of UV–far-infrared aperture-matched photometry for ∼31 000 sources in the ELAIS-N1 field from the LOFAR Two-Metre Sky Survey (LoTSS) deep fields first data release. One of a new generation of SED-fitting codes, prospector accounts for potential contributions from radiative active galactic nuclei (AGN) when estimating galaxy properties, including star formation rates (SFRs) derived using non-parametric star formation histories. Combining this information with radio luminosities, we classify 92 per cent of the radio sources as a star-forming galaxy, high-/low-excitation radio galaxy, or radio-quiet AGN and study the population demographics as a function of 150 MHz flux density, luminosity, SFR, stellar mass, redshift, and apparent r-band magnitude. Finally, we use prospector SED fits to investigate the SFR–150 MHz luminosity relation for a sample of ∼133 000 3.6 μm-selected z &lt; 1 sources, finding that the stellar mass dependence is significantly weaker than previously reported, and may disappear altogether at $\log _{10} (\mathrm{SFR}/M_\odot \, \mathrm{yr}^{-1}) \gt 0.5$. This approach makes it significantly easier to classify radio sources from LoTSS and elsewhere, and may have important implications for future studies of star-forming galaxies at radio wavelengths.
Low dialysate sodium and 48-h ambulatory blood pressure in patients with intradialytic hypertension: a randomized crossover study
Authors: Iatridi Fotini , Malandris Konstantinos , Ekart Robert , Xagas Efstathios , Karpetas Antonios , Theodorakopoulou Marieta P , Karagiannidis Artemios , Georgiou Areti , Papagianni Aikaterini , Sarafidis Pantelis 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT

Background
Intradialytic hypertension (IDH) is associated with increased risk for cardiovascular events and mortality. Patients with IDH exhibit higher 48-h blood pressure (BP) levels than patients without this condition. Volume and sodium excess are considered a major factor contributing in the development of this phenomenon. This study evaluated the effect of low (137 mEq/L) compared with standard (140 mEq/L) dialysate sodium concentration on 48-h BP in patients with IDH.

Methods
In this randomized, single-blind, crossover study, 29 patients with IDH underwent four hemodialysis sessions with low (137 mEq/L) followed by four sessions with standard (140 mEq/L) dialysate sodium, or vice versa. Mean 48-h BP, pre-/post-dialysis and intradialytic BP, pre-dialysis weight, interdialytic weight gain (IDWG) and lung ultrasound B-lines were assessed.

Results
Mean 48-h systolic/diastolic BP (SBP/DBP) were significantly lower with low compared with standard dialysate sodium concentration (137.6 ± 17.0/81.4 ± 13.7 mmHg with low vs 142.9 ± 14.5/84.0 ± 13.9 mmHg with standard dialysate sodium, P = .005/P = .007, respectively); SBP/DBP levels were also significantly lower during the 44-h and different 24-h periods. Low dialysate sodium significantly reduced post-dialysis (SBP/DBP: 150.3 ± 22.3/91.2 ± 15.1 mmHg with low vs 166.6 ± 17.3/94.5 ± 14.9 mmHg with standard dialysate sodium, P &lt; .001/P = .134, respectively) and intradialytic (141.4 ± 18.0/85.0 ± 13.4 mmHg with low vs 147.5 ± 13.6/88.1 ± 12.5 mmHg with standard dialysate sodium, P = .034/P = .013, respectively) BP compared with standard dialysate sodium. Pre-dialysis weight, IDWG and pre-dialysis B lines were also significantly decreased with low dialysate sodium.

Conclusions
Low dialysate sodium concentration significantly reduced 48-h ambulatory BP compared with standard dialysate sodium in patients with IDH. These findings support low dialysate sodium as a major non-pharmacologic approach for BP management in patients with IDH.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov study number NCT05430438.
Teams and Bankruptcy
Authors: Baghai Ramin P , Silva Rui C , Ye Luofu 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
We study how the human capital embedded in teams is affected by, and reallocated through, corporate bankruptcies. After a bankruptcy, U.S. inventors produce fewer and less impactful patents. Moreover, teams become less stable. Consequently, compared to inventors that rely less on teamwork, the performance of team inventors deteriorates more. These findings point to the loss of team-specific human capital as a cost of resource reallocation through bankruptcy. Acquisitions by industrial firms and joint mobility of inventors with past collaborations limit these losses, suggesting that the labor market and the market for corporate control help preserve team-specific human capital in bankruptcies.
Functional and Radiological Outcomes of Surgically Treated Coxa-vara in Children
Authors: Rajbhandari Ansul , Aryal Rajendra , Bahadur Chand Birendra , Gurung Yam Prakash , Banskota Ashok Kumar , Banskota Bibek 
Published: May 2024

Background:
Coxa vara is a condition in which the neck-shaft angle of the femur decreases below its normal value (<110 degrees) based on age. The deformity can be primarily caused by a congenital defect of the femoral neck cartilage or by secondary causes related to skeletal dysplasia, trauma, infection, and pathological bone disorders. The surgical treatment aims to restore the normal anatomy, thereby improving the mechanics and function of the hip joint. Generally, the HE angles should be corrected to <35 to 40 degrees, converting the shear forces into compressive forces. Our study aims to report the surgical outcome of coxa vara with various pathologies using radiographic measurement and functional scoring.

Methods:
Thirty-eight hips in 28 patients who underwent surgery for treatment of coxa-vara from 2013 to 2022 were included. Radiographic parameters like Hilgenreiner-epiphyseal angle and neck-shaft angle were assessed preoperatively and at the latest follow-up. Harris hip score was used for functional outcome.

Results:
The mean age was 11.13 (5 to 18). The average follow-up was 48 (ranging from 24 to 96) months. The mean preoperative neck-shaft angle was 82 degrees, and the Hilgenreiner-epiphyseal angle was 71 degrees. At the latest follow-up, the mean neck-shaft angle was 127 degrees, and the Hilgenreiner-epiphyseal angle was 33 (P<0.001). The Harris hip score improved from 63 preoperatively to 92 at the latest follow-up (P<0.001). There was no recurrence of deformities at the mean follow-up of 37.87 months. Four complications occurred with k-wire fixation in whom revalgus osteotomy was done.

Conclusions:
Surgical correction of coxa vara in various pathologies can be done successfully with the Hilgenreiner-epiphyseal angle corrected to ≤ 35 degrees or the neck shaft angle corrected to >110 degrees to prevent deformity recurrence. The majority of the patients reported improvement in hip function. However, a longer-term follow-up is required to determine further outcomes regarding the recurrence of the deformity.
Changes in Fracture Shortening Occur in the First 2 Weeks Following Completely Displaced Adolescent Clavicle Fractures
Authors: Perkins Crystal A. , Nepple Jeffrey J. , Pang Joshua H. , Busch Michael T. , Edmonds Eric W. , Ellis Henry B. , Kocher Mininder S. , Li Ying , Pandya Nirav K. , Pennock Andrew T. , Sabatini Coleen S. , Spence David D. , Willimon Samuel C. , Wilson Philip L. , Heyworth Benton E. 
Published: May 2024

Background:
Shortening of midshaft clavicle fractures has been described as a critical fracture characteristic to guide treatment. The degree to which shortening may change in the initial weeks following injury has not been well studied. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the change in shortening of adolescent clavicle fractures in the first 2 weeks following injury.

Methods:
This was a multicenter study of prospectively collected data, which was acquired as a part of a cohort study of adolescent clavicle fractures. A consecutive series of patients 10 to 18 years of age with completely displaced diaphyseal clavicle fractures with baseline radiographs 0 to 6 days from the date of injury, as well as 7 to 21 days from the date of injury, were included. Measurements of end-to-end (EES) and cortex-to-corresponding-cortex (CCS) shortening were performed.

Results:
A total of 142 patients were included. Baseline radiographs were obtained at a mean of 1.0 day following injury with mean EES of 22.3 mm, and 69% of patients demonstrating >20 mm of shortening. Follow-up radiographs obtained at a mean of 13.8 days postinjury demonstrated a mean absolute change in EES of 5.4 mm. Forty-one percentage of patients had >5 mm of change in EES. When analyzing changes in shortening relative to the specific threshold of 20 mm, 18 patients (41%) with <20 mm EES increased to ≥20 mm EES, and 19 patients (19%) with ≥20 mm EES decreased to <20 mm EES at 2-week follow-up.

Conclusions:
Clinically significant changes in fracture shortening occurred in 41% of adolescents with completely displaced clavicle fractures in the first 2 weeks after injury. In 26% of patients, this resulted in a change from above or below the commonly used shortening threshold of 20 mm, potentially altering the treatment plan by many providers. There is no evidence to suggest that adolescent clavicle fracture shortening affects outcomes, and as such, the authors do not advocate for the use of this parameter to guide treatment. However, among physicians who continue to use this parameter to guide treatment, this study supports that repeat radiographic assessment 2 weeks postinjury may be a better measure of the true shortening of this common adolescent injury.

Level of Evidence:
Level IV—case series.
Circulating microRNAs May Be Predictive of Degenerative Cervical Myelopathy
Authors: Divi Srikanth N. , Markova Dessislava Z. , D’Antonio Nicholas D. , Lambrechts Mark J. , Levy Hannah A. , Heard Jeremy C. , Yalla Goutham R. , Chang Michael , Hilibrand Alan S. , Vaccaro Alexander R. , Kepler Christopher K. 
Published: May 2024

Study Design.
Basic Science.

Objective.
The objective of this study was to identify a unique serum profile of circulating miRNAs and inflammatory markers in patients with degenerative cervical myelopathy (DCM) compared with healthy controls (HC).

Summary of Background Data.
Currently, DCM is diagnosed with a combination of history, physical examination, and close correlation to advanced imaging. To date, no serum marker has been identified to be diagnostic of this condition.

Methods.
Whole venous blood was collected from patients with DCM as well as healthy age-matched and gender-matched controls. miRNA was extracted from venous blood, and a screening analysis was initially conducted to identify miRNA dysregulation in DCM patients. RT-qPCR was used to analyze the expression of 2 specific miRNAs based on screening analysis and literature review. Bioinformatics analysis was used to identify gene networks and potential targets of the miRNA. In addition, the serum inflammatory profile of DCM and HC groups was differentiated using a pro-inflammatory panel.

Results.
Thirty-six patients were enrolled in the DCM group (36.1% male, 61.5±9.5 y), while 35 patients were enrolled in the HC group (31.4% male, 57.5±8.9 y). Of the 15 total miRNAs differentially expressed between DCM and HC groups, two were selected for further analysis: miR-223-3p (upregulated) and miR-451a (downregulated). Functional gene network analysis revealed the highest-ranking gene network was involved in neurological disease, while the most overexpressed miRNA in this network (miR-233-3p) was noted to have over 100 targets, including CDKN1B and the insulin receptor. Serum cytokine analysis showed significant upregulation of several pro-inflammatory cytokines in the DCM cohort compared with the HC group.

Conclusion.
DCM patients demonstrated a set of unique circulating miRNAs in addition to a different serum inflammatory profile compared with HC. These miRNAs may potentially serve as targets for future therapeutic intervention or diagnostic/prognostic testing.
Analysis after posterior chamber phakic intraocular lens implantation: 17- to 19-year follow-up study
Authors: Sánchez-Ventosa Álvaro , Cano-Ortiz Antonio , González Cruces Timoteo , Villalba González Marta , Membrillo Alberto , Villarrubia Alberto 
Published: May 2024

Purpose:
To evaluate the clinical outcomes of the Visian implantable collamer lens (ICL) in eyes with ≥17 years of follow-up.

Setting:
Single-center.

Design:
Retrospective observational study.

Methods:
70 eyes from 38 patients who underwent surgery between 2002 and 2006 with V4 ICL implantation were analyzed. Preintervention data included corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA), refraction, and intraocular pressure (IOP). At the 19-year mark, CDVA, refraction, IOP, endothelial count, and vault were measured using Tomey Casia 2 anterior pole tomography, along with recording long-term events.

Results:
The operated patients had a spherical correction between −4 diopters (D) and −21 D and a cylinder up to 7.5 D. The mean CDVA (decimal) at the 17-year check-up was 0.89 ± 0.18, with a spherical equivalent of −1.05 ± 1.36 D. IOP has remained stable because mean measurements before surgery and currently were 15.16 ± 2.54 mm Hg and 16.19 ± 3.29 mm Hg, respectively. The endothelial cell count showed values of 2191 ± 386 cells/mm2, with a maximum of 2804 cells and a minimum of 1125 cells. Finally, the vault obtained was 348.53 ± 234.58 mm. Over the years, 2 eyes developed angle-closure glaucoma and 9 eyes were operated on for the development of anterior subcapsular cataracts.

Conclusions:
Visian ICL implantation demonstrated long-term visual and refractive stability, indicating it as a low-risk procedure. The ICL V4 model yielded satisfactory results for myopia and astigmatism correction after 17 years.
Longitudinal examination of associations with the onset of pediatric chronic pain at different pain locations
Authors: Rau Lisa-Marie , Humberg Clarissa , Könning Anna , Rosenthal Nicola , Stahlschmidt Lorin , Wager Julia 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Chronic pain is a frequent phenomenon in pediatrics. Little research explores whether there are factors that uniquely predict or accompany the onset of new chronic pain in different locations of the body. In this study, we report pediatric pain data for 3 location subsamples—headache, abdominal pain, and musculoskeletal pain—of a large secondary school sample (N = 2280). We distinguished between participants who experienced an onset of chronic pain and participants who had no chronic pain at the respective pain location within a 1-year period. We used regression and multilevel models to compare the 2 groups regarding factors previously associated with chronic pain. Our results indicate that irrespective of location, the onset of chronic pain is predicted by psychosocial factors, in particular, symptoms of depression (odds ratio [OR] = 1.13-1.17, P < 0.01) and anxiety (OR = 1.12-1.21, P < 0.05). Although the onset of headache is predicted by psychosocial factors only, the onsets of abdominal and musculoskeletal pain are additionally predicted by physiological factors such as level of physical activity. Many of the predictors were also accompanying factors. Regarding chronic abdominal pain, sleep deficiency did not predict pain onset but was a co-occurring phenomenon. Our findings underline the importance of mental health factors in the pain onset at all 3 body locations, whereas in chronic abdominal and musculoskeletal pain, physiological factors should also be considered. Measures of model fit, however, indicate that the occurrence of chronic pain is more complex and not well predicted by these factors alone.