bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gifts to incentivise donations from young consumers: an ethical tension
Authors: Vale Hayley , Schuster Lisa , Greer Dominique A. 
Published: May 2024

Purpose
To increase charitable donations, not-for-profit organisations sometimes include a pre-giving incentive such as a monetary gift alongside a request to donate. Little is known about how monetary pre-giving incentives impact subsequent donation intentions, particularly for young consumers who are an important market for the not-for-profit sector. Using the principles of reciprocity, this paper aims to examine whether the value of monetary pre-giving incentives induces obligation (i.e. a negative psychological state) and/or gratitude (i.e. a positive psychological state) and whether this subsequently impact young consumers’ initial donation amount and future donation intention.

Design/methodology/approach
This research uses a one-factor, three-level between-subjects experimental design (n = 274) to test the effect of different values of pre-giving incentives on gratitude, obligation, initial donation amount and future donation intentions of young consumers.

Findings
Higher value pre-giving incentives increase young consumers’ experience of obligation and subsequent donation intention as well as future donation intention. Unexpectedly, gratitude towards the organisation was not influenced by the value of the pre-giving incentive but did increase obligation.

Originality/value
This research highlights an ethical tension about the use of pre-giving incentives to solicit donations from young consumers: while this strategy is effective, it activates an obligation that can negatively impact young consumers’ wellbeing. As such, it also contributes to extending the limited empirical examination of the ethics of fundraising. Theoretically, this research extends understanding of the distinct but simultaneous mechanisms of gratitude and obligation, which has not received sufficient research attention, generated by the norm of reciprocity within the not-for-profit context.
The research status of augmentative and alternative communication for children with special needs in mainland China: A bibliometric analysis
Authors: Tang Shiyuan , Zeng Shulan , Li Shengping , Potměšil Miloň 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAugmentative and alternative communication (AAC) refers to methods and tools that facilitate communication for individuals with limited functional speech. This study aims to present and analyse the research status of AAC interventions for children with special needs in mainland China using a bibliometric analysis approach. The researcher conducted a literature search in the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) database to identify relevant studies. Based on the literature search, 80 articles met the inclusion criteria. The research literature spans from 2007 to 2022, with a notable increase in publications after 2015. The majority of studies focus on children with autism, while other disabilities, such as intellectual disabilities and cerebral palsy, receive less attention. AAC interventions primarily utilize low‐technology communication aids, with limited use of high‐technology tools. Research on AAC interventions for children with special needs in mainland China has grown recently. However, it still falls short of meeting the potential demand to promote the application and development of AAC. More diverse research is needed, including various disabilities and higher‐technology AAC tools. The effectiveness of AAC in impacting users and their communication partners will increase their quality of life and social interactions.
Private practice dietetics: A scoping review of the literature
Authors: Donnelly Jennifer , Lane Rebecca , Walsh Louisa , Hughes Roger 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAimPrivate practice is one of the most rapidly growing, but under‐researched employment sectors for graduate dietitians in Australia, limiting evidence‐based workforce development. This scoping review examines existing international literature to gain an understanding of the current private practice workforce size, distribution, demography and workforce development considerations, including competencies, supply and demand, remuneration and professional development activities.MethodsThe databases MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, EMCARE, PsycInfo (Ovid) and grey literature were systematically searched in August 2023 using key search terms to identify studies for inclusion. Articles were included if they related to private practice dietetics and described an aspect of workforce. Original research, government and organisational reports, statements of practice and websites providing governmental or organisational statistics were included. A directed content analysis and qualitative constant comparison technique were used to deductively map intelligence sources against a workforce development framework. A gap analysis was also conducted to provide a focus for future workforce development research.ResultsA total of 72 peer‐reviewed and grey literature sources were included, with 65% of the studies being Australian‐based publications. Private practice dietetics research interest has increased in the last decade. Despite a breadth of published sources, this review found little published data on workforce size, distribution, demography, supply, demand, continued professional development and remuneration, indicating a significant gap in the evidence base. Existing literature focuses on workforce challenges and barriers, the work of private practice dietitians, with limited exploration of competency requirements for graduate private practitioners.ConclusionsThe literature on the private practice dietetics workforce is lacking worldwide, which constrains evidenced‐based workforce development initiatives. Workforce development research across all workforce aspects is warranted to address current evidence gaps.
Grading lumbar foraminal stenosis – Interrater agreement of radiologists and radiology trainees before and after education of a standardised grading scale
Authors: Bender James , Kojeku Tobi , Preece Eliza 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIntroductionLumbar foraminal stenosis is a key contributor to low back pain. Imaging, particularly MRI, is commonly used in the assessment of foraminal stenosis, contributing to treatment planning. The adoption of a standardised grading system to try and improve inter‐rater agreement is thought to be of importance. Our study aims to assess the variability of grading lumbar foraminal stenosis amongst reporting doctors, determine whether education about a validated grading scale increases agreement, and determine if these changes persist over time.MethodsA single‐site study involving MRI reporting registrars/radiologists was performed. Participants were shown select MRI images and asked to grade the degree of stenosis in each on a 4‐point scale. Subsequently, they were educated about Lee et al's grading system and asked to re‐grade the cases 1 and 6 weeks later. The level of agreement was calculated using Gwet's AC1 coefficient and Krippendorff's Alpha.ResultsThe baseline level of agreement was substantial (AC1 = 0.71). This decreased to a moderate level of agreement post‐intervention (AC1 = 0.575 at 1‐week, P‐value 0.033 and AC1 = 0.598 at 6 weeks, P‐value 0.012). A grading of severe stenosis was 21% more likely 6 weeks post‐education.ConclusionThe baseline agreement at our institution was substantial, thought to be due to the single‐centre nature of the study. Moderate agreement was achieved after education regarding the Lee et al.'s scale, in‐line with other studies, with changes maintained at 6 weeks, showing retention of the scale parameters. Grading of severe stenosis was more common post intervention.
The individual motivation of investors' gambling mentality: Empirical evidence from gambling sentiment and lottery‐type stocks
Authors: Long Zewei , Wang Wei , Li Haohua , Huang Xinghao 
Published: May 2024

AbstractWe construct a measure of public gambling sentiment using the Baidu index and empirically examine the influence of temporal fluctuations in gambling sentiment on the performance of lottery‐type stocks. The empirical findings reveal that heightened gambling sentiment correlates with increased selling volume, short‐term order imbalances and liquidity in the lottery‐type stock market, while diminishing abnormal returns, including the initial returns of IPOs. We attribute this to investors' gambling mentality stemming from the accumulation of wealth rather than the pursuit of excitement, as they view lotteries and lottery‐related stocks as interchangeable investment options.
Global review of anticoagulant rodenticide exposure in wild mammalian carnivores
Authors: Keating M. P. , Saldo E. A. , Frair J. L. , Cunningham S. A. , Mateo R. , Jachowski D. S. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAnticoagulant rodenticides (ARs) are an effective tool used to suppress rodent populations in urban and agricultural settings to reduce human disease risk and economic loss, but widespread use has resulted in adverse effects on predators globally. Attention has largely been focused on impacts of ARs on raptors, although there is increasing evidence that mammalian carnivores are also impacted. We conducted a literature review to assess the extent to which ARs have been documented in wild mammalian carnivores globally and identify potential overlap with imperiled carnivores. We found a small but growing body of literature documenting exposure to ARs in 8 Carnivora families, with Mustelidae (64% of studies), Canidae (44%) and Felidae (23%) most represented. At least 11 different AR compounds were documented in carnivores, and authors claimed that exposure caused mortality of at least one individual in 33.9% of species studied. ARs were listed as a threat for 2% of Red List carnivores, although we found that 19% of Red List carnivores had ranges that overlap countries that have documented AR exposure in carnivores. Collectively, our review highlights the need to prioritize conservation attention on the potential role of ARs on global carnivore declines. We suggest (1) expanding AR monitoring and research outside of the northern hemisphere, (2) supporting long‐term AR monitoring to understand the spatial and temporal variation of AR use and exposure risk, (3) expanding research across trophic levels and across the urban–wildland gradient and 4) research to further our understanding of the point at which morbidity and mortality occur.
Sociodemographic profile and clinical presentation of young children unintentionally exposed to marijuana: A single site retrospective cohort
Authors: Elliott Jonathan , Fonseca Laura D. , Dereci Leyla , Ochoa Patricio , Taylor Morgan , Kumar Gogi 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesLegalization of medical marijuana has increased unintentional exposure to marijuana in young children.We aim to explore the sociodemographic disadvantage profile, prevalence, and clinical presentation of children diagnosed with unintentional exposure to marijuana.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective chart abstraction of 121 children (aged 0–6) seen at the Emergency Department (ED) at a single tertiary hospital center in Dayton, Ohio between January 01, 2010 and January 09, 2022.ResultsMajority were female (62.8%), white (50.4%), and with Medicaid as their primary insurance (84.3%). The median age at exposure was 1.8 years. There was a 14‐fold increase in unintentional marijuana cases pre‐2017 (7 cases) versus post‐2017 (114 cases), the year of legalization of medical marijuana in the state of Ohio. Majority of the patients were using public assistance (66.4%). 26.7% of the cases had a prior social work consultation and 38.1% had a prior children services consultation. 51.3% of the children had a social disadvantage index score of 3 or greater (range 0–5) with higher scores indicating greater disadvantage.Discussion and ConclusionsThe number of patients presenting to the ED at the hospital has increased 14‐fold since the legalization of medical marijuana in Ohio. Half of the children displayed a higher sociodemographic disadvantage index score.Scientific SignificanceOur study is the first study investigating the sociodemographic profile of children exposed to marijuana. The findings of this study may be utilized to inform policy for safely dispensing recreational and medicinal marijuana products and focus the efforts on families with sociodemographic disadvantage.
A calibrated data‐driven approach for small area estimation using big data
Authors: Tam Siu‐Ming , Sharmeen Shaila 
Published: May 2024

SummaryWhere the response variable in a big dataset is consistent with the variable of interest for small area estimation, the big data by itself can provide the estimates for small areas. These estimates are often subject to the coverage and measurement error bias inherited from the big data. However, if a probability survey of the same variable of interest is available, the survey data can be used as a training dataset to develop an algorithm to impute for the data missed by the big data and adjust for measurement errors. In this paper, we outline a methodology for such imputations based on an k‐nearest neighbours (kNN) algorithm calibrated to an asymptotically design‐unbiased estimate of the national total, and illustrate the use of a training dataset to estimate the imputation bias and the “fixed‐k asymptotic” bootstrap to estimate the variance of the small area hybrid estimator. We illustrate the methodology of this paper using a public‐use dataset and use it to compare the accuracy and precision of our hybrid estimator with the Fay–Harriot (FH) estimator. Finally, we also examine numerically the accuracy and precision of the FH estimator when the auxiliary variables used in the linking models are subject to undercoverage errors.
Antibiotic prescriptions to children with periodic fever, aphthous stomatitis, pharyngitis and cervical adenitis
Authors: Rydenman Karin , Berg Stefan , Karlsson‐Bengtsson Anna , Fasth Anders , Wekell Per 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAimTo investigate the rate of dispensed antibiotic prescriptions to children and adolescents with PFAPA and compare this with the rate for children in the general population. Furthermore, to compare dispensed antibiotic prescription rates before and after a diagnosis of PFAPA was established.MethodsPatients aged 0–17 years and diagnosed with PFAPA between 1 January 2006 to 31 October 2017 were included retrospectively. Data on dispensed drug prescriptions were obtained from the Swedish National Prescribed Drug Register.ResultsThe PFAPA cohort received more antibiotic prescriptions than the general population in all but one of the age groups and time periods that were analysed. The largest difference was seen in 2014–2017 in the youngest age group (0–4 years) when children with PFAPA received 1218 antibiotic prescriptions per 1000 person years compared to 345 in the general population (IRR 3.5; 95% CI 2.8–4.4).The yearly number of antibiotic prescriptions to PFAPA patients was reduced from 2.1 before diagnosis to 0.8 after diagnosis, a reduction of 62%.ConclusionThis study shows higher rates of dispensed antibiotic prescriptions for children with PFAPA than in the general population. The reduction of prescriptions after an established PFAPA diagnosis indicates that antibiotics were previously incorrectly prescribed for PFAPA episodes.
Intranasal vitamin B12 administration in elderly patients: A randomized controlled comparison of two dosage regimens
Authors: Tillemans Monique P. H. , Giezen Thijs J. , Egberts Toine C. G. , Hooijberg Jan H. , Kalisvaart Kees J. 
Published: May 2024

AimVitamin B12 deficiency is common in the elderly population. Standard treatment via intramuscular injections, however, has several disadvantages. Safer and more convenient dosage forms such as intranasal are therefore being explored. This study compares the effects of two intranasal vitamin B12 dosage regimens in elderly vitamin B12‐deficient patients.MethodsSixty patients ≥65 years were randomly assigned to either a loading dose (daily administration for 14 days followed by weekly administration) or a no loading dose (administration every 3 days) regimen for 90 days. Each dose contained 1000 μg cobalamin. Total vitamin B12, holotranscoblamin (holoTC), methylmalonic acid (MMA) and total homocysteine (tHcy) levels in serum were measured on days 0, 7, 14, 30, 60 and 90.ResultsBoth dosage regimens resulted in a rapid increase of vitamin B12 and holoTC concentrations and normalization of initial high, MMA and tHcy concentrations. The loading dose regimen resulted in the fastest and greatest increase to a median vitamin B12 of 1090 pmol/L (reference 350‐650 pmol/L) concentration after 14 days. Following weekly administration, B12 rapidly decreased to a median concentration of 530 pmol/L after 90 days. The no loading dose regimen resulted in a steady increase to a median vitamin B12 of 717 pmol/L after 90 days.ConclusionsIntranasal vitamin B12 administration is an effective and suitable way to replenish and sustain vitamin B12 levels in elderly patients.
The mitigating effect of para‐hydroxycinnamic acid in bleomycin‐induced pulmonary fibrosis in mice through targeting oxidative, inflammatory and fibrotic pathways
Authors: Hussein Zeena A. , Abu‐Raghif Ahmed R. , Fawzi Hayder Adnan 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis study investigated the therapeutic benefits of para‐hydroxycinnamic acid in mice with bleomycin‐induced lung fibrosis. Forty male BALB/c mice were randomly assigned to four groups: normal, which received 0.9% normal saline; induced, which received a single dose of bleomycin (5 mg/kg) by oropharyngeal challenge; pirfenidone‐treated; and para‐hydroxycinnamic acid‐treated, which challenged with bleomycin and received a daily oral dose of 300 and 50 mg/kg, respectively, from day 7 to day 21. Tissue pro‐fibrotic and inflammatory cytokines, oxidative indicators, pulmonary histopathology, immunohistochemistry of fibrotic proteins and the assessment of gene expression by RT‐qPCR were evaluated on day 22 after euthanizing animals. Pirfenidone and para‐hydroxycinnamic acid managed to alleviate the fibrotic endpoints by statistically improving the weight index, histopathological score and reduced expression of fibrotic‐related proteins in immune‐stained lung sections, as well as fibrotic markers measured in serum samples. They also managed to alleviate tissue levels of oxidative stress and inflammatory and pro‐fibrotic mediators. para‐Hydroxycinnamic acid enhanced the expression of crucial genes associated with oxidative stress, inflammation and fibrosis in vivo. para‐Hydroxycinnamic acid has demonstrated similar effectiveness to pirfenidone, suggesting it could be a promising treatment for fibrotic lung conditions by inhibiting the TGF‐β1/Smad3 pathway or through its anti‐inflammatory and antioxidant properties.
Anti‐chitinase‐3‐like 1 antibody attenuated atopic dermatitis‐like skin inflammation through inhibition of STAT3‐dependent CXCL8 expression
Authors: Yu Ji Eun , Jeon Seong Hee , Kim Min Ji , Kim Dae Hwan , Koo Ja Keun , Kim Tae Hun , Kim Bongcheol , Yoon Ji Yong , Lim Young‐soo , Park So Ra , Yeo In Jun , Yun Jaesuk , Son Dong Ju , Han Sang‐Bae , Lee Yong Sun , Hong Jin Tae 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackground and PurposeChitinase‐3‐like 1 (CHI3L1) causes skin inflammation in the progression of atopic dermatitis. We investigated if anti‐CHI3L1 antibody could prevent the development of atopic dermatitis and its mechanisms of action.Experimental ApproachThe effect of CHI3L1 antibody on phthalic anhydride‐induced atopic dermatitis animal model and in vitro reconstructed human skin (RHS) model were investigated. Expression and release of atopic dermatitis‐related cytokines were determined using an enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay, and RT‐qPCR, STAT3 and CXCL8 signalling were measured by western blotting.Key ResultsAnti‐CHI3L1 antibody suppressed phthalic anhydride‐induced epidermal thickening, clinical score, IgE level and infiltration of inflammatory cells, and reduced phthalic anhydride‐induced inflammatory cytokines concentration. In addition, CHI3L1 antibody treatment inhibited the expression of STAT3 activity in phthalic anhydride‐treated skin. It was also confirmed that CHI3L1 antibody treatment alleviated atopic dermatitis‐related inflammation in the RHS model. The inhibitory effects of CHI3L1 antibody was similar or more effective compared with that of the IL‐4 antibody. We further found that CHI3L1 is associated with CXCL8 by protein‐association network analysis. siRNA of CHI3L1 blocked the mRNA levels of CHI3L1, IL‐1β, IL‐4, CXCL8, TSLP, and the expression of CHI3L1 and p‐STAT, and the level of CXCL8, whereas recombinant level of CXCL8 was elevated. Moreover, siRNA of STAT3 reduced the mRNA level of these cytokines. CHI3L1 and p‐STAT3 expression correlated with the reduced CXCL8 level in the RHS in vitro model.Conclusion and ImplicationsOur data demonstrated that CHI3L1 antibody could be a promising effective therapeutic drug for atopic dermatitis.
Topical application of a P2X2/P2X3 purine receptor inhibitor suppresses the bitter taste of medicines and other taste qualities
Authors: Flammer Linda J. , Ellis Hillary , Rivers Natasha , Caronia Lauren , Ghidewon Misgana Y. , Christensen Carol M. , Jiang Peihua , Breslin Paul A. S. , Tordoff Michael G. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackground and PurposeMany medications taste intensely bitter. The innate aversion to bitterness affects medical compliance, especially in children. There is a clear need to develop bitter blockers to suppress the bitterness of vital medications. Bitter taste is mediated by TAS2R receptors. Because different pharmaceutical compounds activate distinct sets of TAS2Rs, targeting specific receptors may only suppress bitterness for certain, but not all, bitter‐tasting compounds. Alternative strategies are needed to identify universal bitter blockers that will improve the acceptance of every medication. Taste cells in the mouth transmit signals to afferent gustatory nerve fibres through the release of ATP, which activates the gustatory nerve‐expressed purine receptors P2X2/P2X3. We hypothesized that blocking gustatory nerve transmission with P2X2/P2X3 inhibitors (e.g. 5‐(5‐iodo‐4‐methoxy‐2‐propan‐2‐ylphenoxy)pyrimidine‐2,4‐diamine [AF‐353]) would reduce bitterness for all medications and bitter compounds.Experimental ApproachHuman sensory taste testing and mouse behavioural analyses were performed to determine if oral application of AF‐353 blocks perception of bitter taste and other taste qualities but not non‐gustatory oral sensations (e.g. tingle).Key ResultsRinsing the mouth with AF‐353 in humans or oral swabbing it in mice suppressed the bitter taste and avoidance behaviours of all compounds tested. We further showed that AF‐353 suppressed other taste qualities (i.e. salt, sweet, sour and savoury) but had no effects on other oral or nasal sensations (e.g, astringency and oral tingle).Conclusion and ImplicationsThis is the first time a universal, reversible taste blocker in humans has been reported. Topical application of P2X2/P2X3 inhibitor to suppress bitterness may improve medical compliance.