bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Skin-inspired, sensory robots for electronic implants
Authors: Zhang Lin , Xing Sicheng , Yin Haifeng , Weisbecker Hannah , Tran Hiep Thanh , Guo Ziheng , Han Tianhong , Wang Yihang , Liu Yihan , Wu Yizhang , Xie Wanrong , Huang Chuqi , Luo Wei , Demaesschalck Michael , McKinney Collin , Hankley Samuel , Huang Amber , Brusseau Brynn , Messenger Jett , Zou Yici , Bai Wubin 
Published: June 2024

AbstractDrawing inspiration from cohesive integration of skeletal muscles and sensory skins in vertebrate animals, we present a design strategy of soft robots, primarily consisting of an electronic skin (e-skin) and an artificial muscle. These robots integrate multifunctional sensing and on-demand actuation into a biocompatible platform using an in-situ solution-based method. They feature biomimetic designs that enable adaptive motions and stress-free contact with tissues, supported by a battery-free wireless module for untethered operation. Demonstrations range from a robotic cuff for detecting blood pressure, to a robotic gripper for tracking bladder volume, an ingestible robot for pH sensing and on-site drug delivery, and a robotic patch for quantifying cardiac function and delivering electrotherapy, highlighting the application versatilities and potentials of the bio-inspired soft robots. Our designs establish a universal strategy with a broad range of sensing and responsive materials, to form integrated soft robots for medical technology and beyond.
FBXO7 ubiquitinates PRMT1 to suppress serine synthesis and tumor growth in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Luo Li , Wu Xingyun , Fan Jiawu , Dong Lixia , Wang Mao , Zeng Yan , Li Sijia , Yang Wenyong , Jiang Jingwen , Wang Kui 
Published: June 2024

AbstractCancer cells are often addicted to serine synthesis to support growth. How serine synthesis is regulated in cancer is not well understood. We recently demonstrated protein arginine methyltransferase 1 (PRMT1) is upregulated in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) to methylate and activate phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase (PHGDH), thereby promoting serine synthesis. However, the mechanisms underlying PRMT1 upregulation and regulation of PRMT1-PHGDH axis remain unclear. Here, we show the E3 ubiquitin ligase F-box-only protein 7 (FBXO7) inhibits serine synthesis in HCC by binding PRMT1, inducing lysine 37 ubiquitination, and promoting proteosomal degradation of PRMT1. FBXO7-mediated PRMT1 downregulation cripples PHGDH arginine methylation and activation, resulting in impaired serine synthesis, accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and inhibition of HCC cell growth. Notably, FBXO7 is significantly downregulated in human HCC tissues, and inversely associated with PRMT1 protein and PHGDH methylation level. Overall, our study provides mechanistic insights into the regulation of cancer serine synthesis by FBXO7-PRMT1-PHGDH axis, and will facilitate the development of serine-targeting strategies for cancer therapy.
Pm57 from Aegilops searsii encodes a tandem kinase protein and confers wheat powdery mildew resistance
Authors: Zhao Yue , Dong Zhenjie , Miao Jingnan , Liu Qianwen , Ma Chao , Tian Xiubin , He Jinqiu , Bi Huihui , Yao Wen , Li Tao , Gill Harsimardeep S. , Zhang Zhibin , Cao Aizhong , Liu Bao , Li Huanhuan , Sehgal Sunish K. , Liu Wenxuan 
Published: June 2024

AbstractPowdery mildew is a devastating disease that affects wheat yield and quality. Wheat wild relatives represent valuable sources of disease resistance genes. Cloning and characterization of these genes will facilitate their incorporation into wheat breeding programs. Here, we report the cloning of Pm57, a wheat powdery mildew resistance gene from Aegilops searsii. It encodes a tandem kinase protein with putative kinase-pseudokinase domains followed by a von Willebrand factor A domain (WTK-vWA), being ortholog of Lr9 that mediates wheat leaf rust resistance. The resistance function of Pm57 is validated via independent mutants, gene silencing, and transgenic assays. Stable Pm57 transgenic wheat lines and introgression lines exhibit high levels of all-stage resistance to diverse isolates of the Bgt fungus, and no negative impacts on agronomic parameters are observed in our experimental set-up. Our findings highlight the emerging role of kinase fusion proteins in plant disease resistance and provide a valuable gene for wheat breeding.
Accounting for Pacific climate variability increases projected global warming
Authors: Liang Yongxiao , Gillett Nathan P. , Monahan Adam H. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractObservational constraint methods based on the relationship between the past global warming trend and projected warming across climate models were used to reduce uncertainties in projected warming by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Internal climate variability in the eastern tropical Pacific associated with the so-called pattern effect weakens this relationship and has reduced the observed warming trend over recent decades. Here we show that regressing out this variability before applying the observed global mean warming trend as a constraint results in higher and narrower twenty-first century warming ranges than other methods. Whereas the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change assessed that warming is unlikely to exceed 2 °C under a low-emissions scenario, our results indicate that warming is likely to exceed 2 °C under the same scenario, and hence, limiting global warming to well below 2 °C will be harder than previously anticipated. However, the reduced uncertainties in these projections could benefit adaptation planning.
Saponins from Allii Macrostemonis Bulbus attenuate atherosclerosis by inhibiting macrophage foam cell formation and inflammation
Authors: Zhao Shutian , Guo Huijun , Qiu Liang , Zhong Chao , Xue Jing , Qin Manman , Zhang Yifeng , Xu Chuanming , Xie Yanfei , Yu Jun 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAllii Macrostemonis Bulbus (AMB) is a traditional Chinese medicine with medicinal and food homology. AMB has various biological activities, including anti-coagulation, lipid-lowering, anti-tumor, and antioxidant effects. Saponins from Allium macrostemonis Bulbus (SAMB), the predominant beneficial compounds, also exhibited lipid-lowering and anti-inflammatory properties. However, the effect of SAMB on atherosclerosis and the underlying mechanisms are still unclear. This study aimed to elucidate the pharmacological impact of SAMB on atherosclerosis. In apolipoprotein E deficiency (ApoE−/−) mice with high-fat diet feeding, oral SAMB administration significantly attenuated inflammation and atherosclerosis plaque formation. The in vitro experiments demonstrated that SAMB effectively suppressed oxidized-LDL-induced foam cell formation by down-regulating CD36 expression, thereby inhibiting lipid endocytosis in bone marrow-derived macrophages. Additionally, SAMB effectively blocked LPS-induced inflammatory response in bone marrow-derived macrophages potentially through modulating the NF-κB/NLRP3 pathway. In conclusion, SAMB exhibits a potential anti-atherosclerotic effect by inhibiting macrophage foam cell formation and inflammation. These findings provide novel insights into potential preventive and therapeutic strategies for the clinical management of atherosclerosis.
A deep dive into burn-mediated ARDS severity assessment: a retrospective study on hematological markers
Authors: Park Jeongsoo , Kym Dohern , Hur Jun , Yoon Jaechul , Kim Myongjin , Cho Yong Suk , Chun Wook , Yoon Dogeon 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAcute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) is a critical form of Acute Lung Injury (ALI), challenging clinical diagnosis and severity assessment. This study evaluates the potential utility of various hematological markers in burn-mediated ARDS, including Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR), Mean Platelet Volume (MPV), MPV-to-Lymphocyte Ratio (MPVLR), Platelet count, and Platelet Distribution Width (PDW). Employing a retrospective analysis of data collected over 12 years, this study focuses on the relationship between these hematological markers and ARDS diagnosis and severity in hospitalized patients. The study establishes NLR as a reliable systemic inflammation marker associated with ARDS severity. Elevated MPV and MPVLR also emerged as significant markers correlating with adverse outcomes. These findings suggest these economical, routinely measured markers can enhance traditional clinical criteria, offering a more objective approach to ARDS diagnosis and severity assessment. Hematological markers such as NLR, MPV, MPVLR, Platelet count, and PDW could be invaluable in clinical settings for diagnosing and assessing ARDS severity. They offer a cost-effective, accessible means to improve diagnostic accuracy and patient stratification in ARDS. However, further prospective studies are necessary to confirm these findings and investigate their integration with other diagnostic tools in diverse clinical settings.
Clock gene homologs lin-42 and kin-20 regulate circadian rhythms in C. elegans
Authors: Lamberti Melisa L. , Spangler Rebecca K. , Cerdeira Victoria , Ares Myriam , Rivollet Lise , Ashley Guinevere E. , Coronado Andrea Ramos , Tripathi Sarvind , Spiousas Ignacio , Ward Jordan D. , Partch Carrie L. , Bénard Claire Y. , Goya M. Eugenia , Golombek Diego A. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractCircadian rhythms are endogenous oscillations in nearly all organisms, from prokaryotes to humans, allowing them to adapt to cyclical environments for close to 24 h. Circadian rhythms are regulated by a central clock, based on a transcription-translation feedback loop. One important protein in the central loop in metazoan clocks is PERIOD, which is regulated in part by Casein kinase 1ε/δ (CK1ε/δ) phosphorylation. In the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, period and casein kinase 1ε/δ are conserved as lin-42 and kin-20, respectively. Here, we studied the involvement of lin-42 and kin-20 in the circadian rhythms of the adult nematode using a bioluminescence-based circadian transcriptional reporter. We show that mutations of lin-42 and kin-20 generate a significantly longer endogenous period, suggesting a role for both genes in the nematode circadian clock, as in other organisms. These phenotypes can be partially rescued by overexpression of either gene under their native promoter. Both proteins are expressed in neurons and epidermal seam cells, as well as in other cells. Depletion of LIN-42 and KIN-20, specifically in neuronal cells after development, was sufficient to lengthen the period of oscillating sur-5 expression. Therefore, we conclude that LIN-42 and KIN-20 are critical regulators of the adult nematode circadian clock through neuronal cells.
Evaluation of endothelial glycocalyx injury biomarkers in feline hemotropic mycoplasmosis
Authors: Ider Merve , Ceylan Ceylan , Naseri Amir , Ceylan Onur , Durgut Murat Kaan , Ok Mahmut , Iyigun Suleyman Serhat , Erol Busra Burcu , Sahin Hatice Betul , Kilickaya Merve Cansu 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe present study aimed to investigate endothelial glycocalyx (eGCx) damage in cats with feline hemotropic mycoplasmosis caused by Mycoplasma haemofelis using selected biomarkers and to determine the diagnostic and prognostic significance of these biomarkers. The study included 25 cats with feline hemotropic mycoplasmosis and 10 healthy cats. Clinical examination, blood gas analysis, complete blood count, and biochemical analysis were performed. Hemotropic mycoplasmosis diagnosed by microscopic examination and molecularly confirmed by PCR targeting the Mycoplasma haemofelis 16s rRNA gene. To evaluate endothelial glycocalyx damage, syndecan-1, endothelin-1 (ET-1), asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), and vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A) concentrations were measured using cat-specific commercial ELISA kits. Of the cats with feline hemotropic mycoplasmosis, 14 (56%) survived and 11 (44%) died. While syndecan-1 and ET-1 concentrations were significantly higher in cats with hemotropic mycoplasmosis compared to the control group (p < 0.001), no statistically significant difference was found for ADMA and VEGF-A concentrations (p > 0.05). Endothelial glycocalyx biomarkers showed significant correlations with each other and with hematological parameters (p < 0.01). The results of the ROC analysis showed that ET-1 with area under the curve (AUC) of 0.821 (p < 0.01) and VEGF-A with AUC of 0.805 (p < 0.010) were found to be significant prognostic indicators. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that serum syndecan-1 and ET-1 can be used as diagnostic and serum ET-1 and VEGF-A as prognostic biomarkers in cats with hemotropic mycoplasmosis. Our results indicate the development of eGCx damage in feline hemotropic mycoplasmosis and suggest that glycocalyx disruption may contribute to the pathogenesis of the disease.
GREM2 inactivation increases trabecular bone mass in mice
Authors: Nilsson Karin H. , Henning Petra , Wu Jianyao , Sjögren Klara , Lerner Ulf H. , Ohlsson Claes , Movérare-Skrtic Sofia 
Published: June 2024

AbstractOsteoporosis is a common skeletal disease affecting millions of individuals world-wide, with an increased risk of fracture, and a decreased quality of life. Despite its well-known consequences, the etiology of osteoporosis and optimal treatment methods are not fully understood. Human genetic studies have identified genetic variants within the FMN2/GREM2 locus to be associated with trabecular volumetric bone mineral density (vBMD) and vertebral and forearm fractures, but not with cortical bone parameters. GREM2 is a bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) antagonist. In this study, we employed Grem2-deficient mice to investigate whether GREM2 serves as the plausible causal gene for the fracture signal at the FMN2/GREM2 locus. We observed that Grem2 is moderately expressed in bone tissue and particularly in osteoblasts. Complete Grem2 gene deletion impacted mouse survival and body growth. Partial Grem2 inactivation in Grem2+/− female mice led to increased trabecular BMD of femur and increased trabecular bone mass in tibia due to increased trabecular thickness, with an unchanged cortical thickness, as compared with wildtype littermates. Furthermore, Grem2 inactivation stimulated osteoblast differentiation, as evidenced by higher alkaline phosphatase (Alp), osteocalcin (Bglap), and osterix (Sp7) mRNA expression after BMP-2 stimulation in calvarial osteoblasts and osteoblasts from the long bones of Grem2−/− mice compared to wildtype littermates. These findings suggest that GREM2 is a possible target for novel osteoporotic treatments, to increase trabecular bone mass and prevent osteoporotic fractures.
Molecular insights and antibody response to Dr20/22 in dogs naturally infected with Dirofilaria repens
Authors: Pękacz Mateusz , Basałaj Katarzyna , Młocicki Daniel , Kamaszewski Maciej , Carretón Elena , Morchón Rodrigo , Wiśniewski Marcin , Zawistowska-Deniziak Anna 
Published: June 2024

AbstractSubcutaneous dirofilariasis, caused by the parasitic nematode Dirofilaria repens, is a growing concern in Europe, affecting both dogs and humans. This study focused on D. repens Dr20/22, a protein encoded by an alt (abundant larval transcript) gene family. While well-documented in L3 larvae of other filariae species, this gene family had not been explored in dirofilariasis. The research involved cloning Dr20/22 cDNA, molecular characterization, and evaluating its potential application in the diagnosis of dirofilariasis. Although Real-Time analysis revealed mRNA expression in both adult worms and microfilariae, the native protein remained undetected in lysates from both developmental stages. This suggests the protein’s specificity for L3 larvae and may be related to a process called SLTS (spliced leader trans-splicing), contributing to stage-specific gene expression. The specificity of the antigen for invasive larvae positions it as a promising early marker for dirofilariasis. However, ELISA tests using sera from infected and uninfected dogs indicated limited diagnostic utility. While further research is required, our findings contribute to a deeper understanding of the molecular and immunological aspects of host-parasite interactions and could offer insights into the parasite's strategies for evading the immune system.
Longitudinal soluble marker profiles reveal strong association between cytokine storms resulting from macrophage activation and disease severity in COVID-19 disease
Authors: van Meijgaarden Krista E. , van Veen Suzanne , Tsonaka Roula , Ruibal Paula , Roukens Anna H. E. , Arbous Sesmu M. , Manniën Judith , Cannegieter Suzanne C. , Ottenhoff Tom H. M. , Joosten Simone A. ,   BEAT-COVID group, Arbous Sesmu M. , van den Berg Bernard M. , Cannegieter Suzanne , Cobbaert Christa M. , van der Does Anne M. , van Dongen Jacques J. M. , Eikenboom Jeroen , Feltkamp Mariet C. W. , Geluk Annemieke , Goeman Jelle J. , Giera Martin , Hankemeier Thomas , Heemskerk Mirjam H. M. , Hiemstra Pieter S. , Hokke Cornelis H. , Janse Jacqueline J. , Jochems Simon P. , Kikkert Marjolein , Lamont Lieke , Pongrácz Tamás , del Prado Michael R. , Roestenberg Meta , Smits Hermelijn H. , Snijder Eric J. , Staal Frank J. T. , Trouw Leendert A. , Verhoeven Aswin , Visser Leo G. , de Vries Jutte J. C. , van Westerloo David J. , Wigbers Jeanette , van der Wijk Henk J. , van Wissen Robin C. , Wuhrer Manfred , Yazdanbakhsh Maria , Zlei Mihaela ,   COVID-19 LUMC group, Oud Josine A. , Baysan Meryem , Wigbers Jeanette , van Heurn Lieke J. , ter Haar Susan B. , Toppenberg Alexandra G. L. , Heerdink Laura , van IJlzinga Veenstra Annekee A. , Eikenboom Anna M. , Wubbolts Julia M. , Uzorka Jonathan , Lijfering Willem , Meier Romy , de Jonge Ingeborg , Arbous Sesmu M. , de Boer Mark G. J. , van der Bom Anske G. , Dekkers Olaf M. , Rosendaal Frits 
Published: June 2024

AbstractSARS-CoV2 infection results in a range of disease severities, but the underlying differential pathogenesis is still not completely understood. At presentation it remains difficult to estimate and predict severity, in particular, identify individuals at greatest risk of progression towards the most severe disease-states. Here we used advanced models with circulating serum analytes as variables in combination with daily assessment of disease severity using the SCODA-score, not only at single time points but also during the course of disease, to correlate analyte levels and disease severity. We identified a remarkably strong pro-inflammatory cytokine/chemokine profile with high levels for sCD163, CCL20, HGF, CHintinase3like1 and Pentraxin3 in serum which correlated with COVID-19 disease severity and overall outcome. Although precise analyte levels differed, resulting biomarker profiles were highly similar at early and late disease stages, and even during convalescence similar biomarkers were elevated and further included CXCL3, CXCL6 and Osteopontin. Taken together, strong pro-inflammatory marker profiles were identified in patients with COVID-19 disease which correlated with overall outcome and disease severity.
PD-L1 expression in squamous cervical carcinomas of Mozambican women living with or without HIV
Authors: Lovane Lucília , Tulsidás Satish , Carrilho Carla , Karlsson Christina 
Published: June 2024

AbstractProgrammed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) is overexpressed in squamous cervical cancer (SCC) and can be used for targeted immunotherapy. The highest mortality rates of SCC are reported in sub-Saharan Africa, where Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) prevalence is high. In Mozambique most SCC patients present at advanced stages. Thus, there is a need to introduce new treatment options. However, immunocompromised patients were frequently excluded in previous clinical trials. Our aim was to determine if PD-L1 expression in SCC is as prevalent among women living with HIV (WLWH) as among other patients. 575 SCC from Maputo Central Hospital were included. HIV status was available in 266 (46%) cases PD-L1 expression was scored through tumour proportion score (TPS) and combined positive score (CPS). PD-L1 was positive in 20.1% of the cases (n = 110), TPS (score ≥ 25%) and in 26.3% (n = 144), CPS (score ≥ 1). Stratifying according to the HIV status, WLWH were TPS positive in 16.7%, compared to 20.9%, p = 0.43, and concerning CPS 21.1% versus 28.7%, p = 0.19, respectively. PD-L1 status was not influenced by stage, Ki-67 or p16, CD8 expression influenced only CPS status. Our data indicates that the documented effect of PD-L1 therapy on SCC should be confirmed in randomized clinical trials in an HIV endemic milieu.
Revolutionizing outcomes: endoscopic ultrasound-guided gallbladder drainage using innovative electrocautery enhanced-lumen apposing metal stents for high-risk surgical patients
Authors: Chon Hyung Ku , Lee Yun Chae , Kim Tae Hyeon , Lee Seung Ok , Kim Seong-Hun 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis study retrospectively evaluated the outcomes of endoscopic ultrasound-guided gallbladder drainage (EUS-GBD) using novel electrocautery-enhanced lumen-apposing metal stents (LAMS) in high-risk patients with acute cholecystitis (AC). Between January 1, 2021, and November 30, 2022, 58 high-risk surgical patients with AC underwent EUS-GBD with the novel electrocautery-enhanced LAMS. The technical success rate was 94.8% (55/58), with one case of duodenal perforation requiring surgery with complete stent migration and two of partial stent migration into the gallbladder. However, the clinical success rate was 100% (55/55). Recurrent AC occurred in 3.6% of the cases (2/55), managed with double pigtail plastic stents through the LAMS. Early AEs observed in 1.8% (1/55) due to stent obstruction. Late AEs occurred in 5.4% (3/55), including two cases of cholangitis and one of stent obstruction. For 33 patients followed over 6 months, LAMS maintenance was sustained in 30 cases. Two patients underwent double-pigtail plastic stent replacement after LAMS removal, and one underwent LAMS removal during surgery following tumor stage regression after chemotherapy for cholangiocarcinoma. The novel electrocautery-enhanced LAMS demonstrated high technical and clinical success rates in high-risk surgical patients with AC, maintaining effective gallbladder drainage with minimal AEs during long-term follow-up, thus highlighting its efficacy and safety in challenging patients.
Passive flow-field control using dimples for improved aerodynamic flow over a wing
Authors: Ali Haris , Rasani Mohammad Rasidi , Harun Zambri , Shahid Muhammad Ashhad 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis study explores the efficacy of dimples in influencing the aerodynamic performance of a straight rectangular wing. Computational Fluid Dynamics based numerical simulations were performed to model turbulent flow and quantify the forces exerted on the wing. The k-ω Shear-Stress Transport turbulence model was chosen to solve the underlying equations. To ascertain reliability, the results of numerical simulations were compared with both experimental and simulation results of the previous studies. The impact of various dimple configurations, placed at 15%, 50% and 85% of the chord length, on the aerodynamic performance of the wing was investigated. The evaluation involved analyzing the drag coefficient (CD), lift coefficient (CL), lift-to-drag (L/D) ratio, streamlines and the flow field around wing in both chordwise and spanwise directions. The findings indicated that a wing with a dimpled surface could yield a reduced drag coefficient of up to 6.6% compared to the unmodified wing. This reduction is attributed to the dimples ability to sustain attached airflow and delay flow separation. The results demonstrated negligible deviation in the lift coefficient with the incorporation of dimples. The incorporation of dimples on the wing surface has been demonstrated to enhance the aerodynamic performance of lifting surfaces.