bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Inhibitory effects on HAV IRES-mediated translation and replication by a combination of amantadine and interferon-alpha
Authors: Yang Lingli , Kiyohara Tomoko , Kanda Tatsuo , Imazeki Fumio , Fujiwara Keiichi , Gauss-Müller Verena , Ishii Koji , Wakita Takaji , Yokosuka Osamu 
Published: September 2010

Abstract
Hepatitis A virus (HAV) causes acute hepatitis and sometimes leads to fulminant hepatitis. Amantadine is a tricyclic symmetric amine that inhibits the replication of many DNA and RNA viruses. Amantadine was reported to suppress HAV replication, and the efficacy of amantadine was exhibited in its inhibition of the internal ribosomal entry site (IRES) activities of HAV. Interferon (IFN) also has an antiviral effect through the induction of IFN stimulated genes (ISG) and the degradation of viral RNA. To explore the mechanism of the suppression of HAV replication, we examined the effects of the combination of amantadine and IFN-alpha on HAV IRES-mediated translation, HAV replicon replication in human hepatoma cell lines, and HAV KRM003 genotype IIIB strain replication in African green monkey kidney cell GL37. IFN-alpha seems to have no additive effect on HAV IRES-mediated translation inhibition by amantadine. However, suppressions of HAV replicon and HAV replication were stronger with the combination than with amantadine alone. In conclusion, amantadine, in combination of IFN-alpha, might have a beneficial effect in some patients with acute hepatitis A.
Plasma bile acids are not associated with energy metabolism in humans
Authors: Brufau Gemma , Bahr Matthias J , Staels Bart , Claudel Thierry , Ockenga Johann , Böker Klaus HW , Murphy Elizabeth J , Prado Kris , Stellaard Frans , Manns Michael P , Kuipers Folkert , Tietge Uwe JF 
Published: September 2010

Abstract
Bile acids (BA) have recently been shown to increase energy expenditure in mice, but this concept has not been tested in humans. Therefore, we investigated the relationship between plasma BA levels and energy expenditure in humans. Type 2 diabetic (T2DM) patients (n = 12) and gender, age and BMI-matched healthy controls (n = 12) were studied before and after 8 weeks of treatment with a BA sequestrant. In addition, patients with liver cirrhosis (n = 46) were investigated, since these display elevated plasma BA together with increased energy expenditure. This group was compared to gender-, age- and BMI-matched healthy controls (n = 20). Fasting plasma levels of total BA and individual BA species as well as resting energy expenditure were determined. In response to treatment with the BA sequestrant, plasma deoxycholic acid (DCA) levels decreased in controls (-60%, p < 0.05) and T2DM (-32%, p < 0.05), while chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA) decreased in controls only (-33%, p < 0.05). Energy expenditure did not differ between T2DM and controls at baseline and, in contrast to plasma BA levels, was unaffected by treatment with the BA sequestrant. Total BA as well as individual BA species did not correlate with energy expenditure at any time throughout the study. Patients with cirrhosis displayed on average an increase in energy expenditure of 18% compared to values predicted by the Harris-Benedict equation, and plasma levels of total BA (up to 12-fold) and individual BA (up to 20-fold) were increased over a wide range. However, neither total nor individual plasma BA levels correlated with energy expenditure. In addition, energy expenditure was identical in patients with a cholestatic versus a non-cholestatic origin of liver disease while plasma total BA levels differed four-fold between the groups. In conclusion, in the various (patho)physiological conditions studied, plasma BA levels were not associated with changes in energy expenditure. Therefore, our data do not support an important role of circulating BA in the control of human energy metabolism.
Dark ingredients in one drop
Authors: Dymnikova Irina , Galaktionov Evgeny 
Published: September 2010

Abstract
A unified description of dark ingredients is realized by a vacuum dark fluid defined by symmetry of its stress-energy tensor and allowed by General Relativity. The symmetry is reduced compared with the maximally symmetric de Sitter vacuum, which makes vacuum dark fluid essentially anisotropic and allows its density and pressure to evolve. It represents distributed vacuum dark energy by a time-evolving and spatially inhomogeneous cosmological term, and vacuum dark matter by gravitational vacuum solitons which are regular gravitationally bound structures without horizons (dark particles or dark stars), with the de Sitter centre (Λδki) in de Sitter space (λδki).
Influence of a Fe/activated carbon catalyst and reaction parameters on methane decomposition during the synthesis of carbon nanotubes
Authors: Sivakumar Vaiyazhipalayam , Mohamed Abdul , Abdullah Ahmad , Chai Siang-Piao 
Published: September 2010

AbstractIn our experimental work on carbon nanotubes synthesis, the influence of pre-treatment and reaction temperature conditions over Fe catalyst loaded on low-cost activated carbon (AC) in the catalytic chemical vapor deposition of methane was studied. Catalyst with the metal concentration of 5 mass % calcined at 350°C and reduced at 450°C was effective in CH4 decomposition giving 98 % conversions. TEM images showed that thin multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) with the average internal diameter of ∼ 8 nm and the wall thickness of ∼ 2.5 nm were obtained over unreduced Fe/AC catalyst at the reaction temperature of 850°C. On the other hand, broader filamentous nanostructures with the diameter of ∼ 22 nm and the wall thickness of ∼ 3.72 nm were observed over reduced catalyst.
Electro‐Thermal Response of Thin Film Heaters Based on Embedded Periodic Metallic Mesh
Authors: Charaklias Dimitrios , Qiang Dayuan , Dorey Robert , Mohagheghian Iman 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Here, the electro‐thermal response of thin film heaters is investigated for a wide range of periodic metallic mesh topologies. The aim of this study is to systematically investigate the effect of topology, in particular node connectivity, on the response of these networks. The study first defines the design space by deriving analytical expressions for geometrical dependencies and permissible parameters for each geometry Closed‐formed analytical expressions are developed subsequently to calculate the network resistance considering junction area compensation. Finally, transient coupled electro‐thermal finite element modelling (FEM) is performed across multiple topologies using automated geometry generation, meshing, analysis, and post‐processing. The analytical expressions, incorporating junction area compensation, can quickly and accurately predict the resistance of the networks. Network topology significantly impacts the resistance, demonstrating variations of up to three times over the range investigated, when compared on the same fill factor basis. Higher resistance results in a faster response time when the current density is fixed. For the same power input, however, the response time is much more similar, though spatial temperature variation remain significant. These findings provide valuable insights for designing faster, more energy‐efficient thin film heaters applicable to electronic displays, wearable technologies, energy systems, optics, photonics, and multifunctional devices.
Stochastic Photoresponse‐Driven Perovskite TRNGs for Secure Encryption Systems
Authors: Ahn Dante , Lee Minz , Kim Woochul , Lee Yeon Kyung , Lee Jun Young , Jung Gun Young , Choi Hangyeol , Yoon Yohan , Song Hyun Seok , Lee Heon , Seo Minah , Min Jungwook , Pak Yusin 
Published: February 2025

AbstractTrue random numbers are essential for ensuring information security and supporting simulations across various industries. With the exponential growth of data driven by advancements in artificial intelligence, robust encryption for communications has become increasingly important. While software‐based deterministic random number algorithms are cost‐effective and easy to use, they are vulnerable to attacks by powerful supercomputers, highlighting the need for more secure alternatives. As portable electronic devices and information‐gathering sensors proliferate, portable true random number generators (TRNGs) are critical for maintaining security. In this work, hybrid material‐based photodetectors composed of anionic polymers and perovskites that maximize stochastic photogeneration for TRNG applications are presented. By integrating perovskite photodetectors with simple electronic circuits, compact, low‐power TRNG devices have been developed that are versatile and resilient to environmental factors. These devices generate 10 000 bits s−1 without resets or delays, achieving significant miniaturization. The generated 10 Mbit random number is validated through US National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) testing. Using a 480 000‐bit random sequence, perfect image encryption, ensuring protection against hacking are demonstrated. Additionally, the perovskite TRNG can operate under external light even when embedded in pork skin, realizing its potential as an implantable device for personal security and authentication.
Optical Properties Control of Hollow Core Microstructured Optical Fibers by Layer‐by‐Layer Assembled Quantum Dots and Annealing
Authors: Vorobev Viktor , Goryacheva Olga , Skibina Julia , Kozyrev Anton , Smirnov Alexander , Lagoudakis Pavlos , Gorin Dmitry 
Published: February 2025

AbstractHollow core microstructured optical fibers (HC‐MOFs) have attracted considerable attention in photonics, particularly for their potential in sensing applications in biology and medicine. This work presents a novel approach to modifying HC‐MOF inner walls using quantum dots (QDs) and HC‐MOF facets via hybrid membranes. These modifications are achieved through layer‐by‐layer (LbL) assembly, resulting in a reduced light transmission and a spectral red shift. Subsequent annealing restores transmission and induces a spectral blue shift. A similar effect is observed under low‐pressure annealing when a mirror is installed on the facet of the modified fibers. An optimal method is demonstrated for these modifications and their impact is analyzed on HC‐MOF transmission spectra and QDs photoluminescence. These findings highlight the practical approach to these modifications, paving the way for advanced HC‐MOF‐based sensors and multimodal probes in biomedical applications.
Prevalence of Unilateral, Asymmetric, and Bilateral Tinnitus in Military Personnel and Its Impact on Disability
Authors: Andren Kristofer G. , Marinelli John P. , Spear Samuel A. , Thapa Samrita , Thielman Emily J. , Erbele Isaac D. , Reavis Kelly M. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractObjectiveThis study aims to describe the prevalence of unilateral, asymmetric, and bilateral tinnitus by severity of tinnitus across hearing sensitivity within the Noise Outcomes In Service members Epidemiology (NOISE) Study cohort.Study DesignA cross‐sectional study.SettingMulti‐institutional tertiary referral centers.MethodsBehavioral audiometric testing, tinnitus history, and tinnitus severity were described cross‐sectionally. Tinnitus severity was assessed by the Tinnitus Functional Index (TFI). The WHO Disability Assessment Schedule (WHODAS) 2.0 was used to capture functional deficits.ResultsTinnitus prevalence within the NOISE cohort was 46% (644/1387). Among those with tinnitus, the mean age was 36.1 years (standard deviation = 9.7), and 86% (553/644) were male, reflecting the predominantly male composition of the overall study population. The majority (85%) had normal hearing, and the remaining (15%) had mild‐to‐moderate sensorineural hearing loss. Bilateral tinnitus was the most prevalent (54%), followed by asymmetric (35%) and unilateral (11%). Severe tinnitus was reported in 24%, moderate in 38%, and no/mild in 38%. Compared to those with normal hearing, subjects with mild‐to‐moderate hearing loss had a higher prevalence of tinnitus (odds ratio (OR) = 2.4, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.6‐3.7), higher TFI scores (mean difference = 14.1, 95% CI: 9.4‐18.7), and a higher proportion reporting severe versus mild tinnitus (OR = 3.7, 95% CI: 2.0‐6.9). In individuals with mild‐to‐moderate hearing loss, the highest TFI and WHODAS scores were associated with bilateral tinnitus (49.0 and 28.2, respectively).ConclusionTinnitus is prevalent in people with military service history, both in those with and without sensorineural hearing loss. However, tinnitus had a greater impact on daily functioning among those with sensorineural hearing loss.
Fabrication and analysis of Fe3O4/ZnO/epoxy composites via stereolithography: Structural and photocatalytic properties
Authors: Güler Saadet , Özler Berk 
Published: February 2025

AbstractAdditive manufacturing (AM) creates three‐dimensional (3D) objects by adding material layer by layer, enabling faster prototyping, reduced waste, and complex geometries compared to traditional methods. Among AM technologies, stereolithography (SLA) stands out for producing precise, smooth structures by curing ultraviolet‐sensitive (UV‐sensitive) thermoset resin. SLA is widely used in fields like medicine, dentistry, and jewelry, especially when enhanced with nano‐ or microparticles for composite materials. Zinc Oxide (ZnO) is valued for its photocatalytic ability to oxidize organic pollutants under UV light, making it useful in photovoltaic panels, coatings, and textiles. Magnetite (Fe3O4), with its size‐dependent magnetic properties, is widely applied in biomedical and environmental technologies. This study aimed to combine the unique features of Fe3O4 and ZnO nanoparticles in hybrid composites. Nanoparticles were added to a photosensitive resin and printed using SLA. The resulting materials were analyzed using X‐ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, vibration sample magnetometer, and UV spectrometry. Findings revealed that increasing ZnO content improved photocatalytic performance, with 7.5% ZnO achieving the highest efficiency. However, higher ZnO concentrations slightly reduced magnetic properties. The study highlights the potential of SLA‐printed hybrid composites for multifunctional applications.Highlights
Fe3O4 and ZnO nanoparticles were added to resin at 2.5%, 5%, and 7.5% by weight.
ZnO addition improved photocatalytic efficiency, with 7.5% reaching 73.24%.
Increased ZnO in hybrid composites led to a slight decrease in magnetization.
The Therapeutic Role of Orofacial Myofunctional Therapy in Childhood Residual Obstructive Sleep Apnea
Authors: Ye Maoyu , Huang Shasha , Wang Fang , Li Wei , Tan Guolin , Wang Tiansheng 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundResidual obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is common in childhood OSA even after upper airway obstruction removal by adenotonsillectomy. Orofacial myofunctional therapy (OMT) is becoming a popular treatment in stomatology but lacks adequate evidence of effectiveness in childhood OSA. Our study attempts to evaluate the effect of OMT on childhood OSA by subjective and objective methods.MethodsThirty‐seven children diagnosed with postoperative residual OSA (obstructive sleep apnea) were enrolled in the study and divided into a treated group (n = 21) and a untreated group (n = 16). They were followed up at 0, 1, and 3 months. The degree of mouth opening, modified OSA‐18 questionnaire responses, polysomnography (PSG) findings, and scores of the orofacial myofunctional evaluation with scores (OMES) were recorded pre‐ and post‐therapy.ResultsCompared with pre‐OMT or untreated children, the degree of mouth opening during sleep and the OSA‐18 total score were significantly decreased after OMT in children with Residual OSA. Furthermore, OMT significantly decreased the apnea‐hypopnea index (AHI), the longest duration of apnea and hypopnea, and the proportion of wakefulness and increased the duration of deep sleep. Moreover, the total score of OMES score and the scores of appearance and posture, mobility and functions were significantly increased after OMT.ConclusionOMT improves the qualities of life and sleep by repairing orofacial myofunctions in residual OSA children. OMT could be an adjuvant treatment for childhood OSA.Trial RegistrationThe trial was registered with the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (http://www.chictr.org.cn.). Registration number: ChiCTR2300072252 (07/06/2023).
Modifiable and Non‐Modifiable Risk Factors for Tracheostomy in Preterm Infants
Authors: Dudeck Brandon , Abebe Elias W. , Sun Wendy , Gaskin Peter R. , Viscardi Rose M. , Cho Eunsung 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTObjectiveTo identify risk factors for tracheostomy among infants born < 33 week gestational age.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective matched case‐control study of infants < 33 week gestation who underwent tracheostomy between 2000 and 2018 at a single level IV NICU. For each case, we identified two controls matched for gestational age ± 1 week and birthweight ± 100 g who were admitted during the same year. Records were reviewed for IMV duration, number of intubations/extubations, postnatal steroid exposure, BPD severity and other clinical factors. Odds ratios and 95% CI were calculated by a conditional logistic regression.ResultsThe mean (SD) gestation of the cohort (30 tracheostomy cases; 60 controls) was 26.2 (2.2) week. Tracheostomies were performed at 158 d (127–183) of age and 48 week (44.6–55) post‐menstrual age (PMA) following 92 d (64–134) IMV; median (IQR). Tracheostomy was indicated for severe BPD [N = 19(68%)], acquired airway obstruction [N = 4(14%)], or severe BPD with airway obstruction [N = 5(18%)]. Additional risk factors included male sex, outborn birth, intrauterine growth retardation, pulmonary hypertension, and sepsis. IMV duration and length of stay were longer, postnatal steroid exposure was more common and PMA at discharge was later for tracheostomy cases than controls. The number of intubations, extubations (planned and unplanned) and extubations adjusted for IMV duration were significantly higher in cases than controls. In the final logistic model, the number of unplanned extubations and steroid courses were independently associated with tracheostomy.ConclusionStrategies to minimize tracheostomy risk should target modifiable risk factors such as reducing unplanned extubations and limiting postnatal steroids in high‐risk infants.
Islamic Ecotheology
Authors: Fazlhashemi Mohammad 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The debate over environmental destruction, global heating, and humanity’s roll in the emission of greenhouse gases that threatens the Earth, humanity, and all animal and plant life, has been accompanied by a parallel debate over these same issues by Muslim thinkers. The reason is that these threats are not limited to countries in the West but undermine the conditions for life on the entire planet.
One element of the debate in the West has been the role played by Christianity in the environmental and climate crisis. The Christian creation theology, which elevates human beings to lords of creation with sovereignty over the Earth, has been a prominent target of criticism. Its perspective has been accused of conferring legitimacy upon humanity’s plundering of nature. A similar viewpoint can be found in the Muslim creation theology, which presents human beings as the supreme creation in whose service God has created everything under the heavens. For Muslims, the question is how to engage with this criticism. Do Muslim theologians agree that Islam’s creation narrative and view of humanity have contributed to the overexploitation of the resources of nature? How do Muslim theologians regard Islamic creation theology’s view of the relation between humanity and God’s non-human creations?
Advancing cellulose utilization and engineering consolidated bioprocessing yeasts: current state and perspectives
Authors: Fortuin Jordan , Hoffmeester Lazzlo J. , Minnaar Letitia S. , den Haan Riaan 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Despite the lack of implementation of consolidated bioprocessing (CBP) at an industrial scale, this bioconversion strategy still holds significant potential as an economically viable solution for converting lignocellulosic biomass (LCB) into biofuels and green chemicals, provided an appropriate organism can be isolated or engineered. The use of Saccharomyces cerevisiae for this purpose requires, among other things, the development of a cellulase expression system within the yeast. Over the past three decades, numerous studies have reported the expression of cellulase-encoding genes, both individually and in combination, in S. cerevisiae. Various strategies have emerged to produce a core set of cellulases, with differing degrees of success. While one-step conversion of cellulosic substrates to ethanol has been reported, the resulting titers and productivities fall well below industrial requirements. In this review, we examine the strategies employed for cellulase expression in yeast, highlighting the successes in developing basic cellulolytic CBP-enabled yeasts. We also summarize recent advancements in rational strain design and engineering, exploring how these approaches can be further enhanced through modern synthetic biology tools to optimize CBP-enabled yeast strains for potential industrial applications.

Key points

• S. cerevisiae’s lack of cellulolytic ability warrants its engineering for industry.

• Advancements in the expression of core sets of cellulases have been reported.

• Rational engineering is needed to enhance cellulase secretion and strain robustness.

• Insights gained from omics strategies will direct the future development of CBP strains.

Graphical Abstract
Increased risk of postoperative complications after delayed stoma reversal: a multicenter retrospective cohort study on patients undergoing anterior resection for rectal cancer
Authors: Munshi Eihab , Segelman Josefin , Matthiessen Peter , Park Jennifer , Rutegård Martin , Sjöström Olle , Jutesten Henrik , Lydrup Marie-Louise , Buchwald Pamela ,   the RectoLeak Study group
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Purpose
Defunctioning stoma (DS) has been suggested to mitigate the consequences of anastomotic leak (AL) after low anterior resection. Stoma reversal (SR) is commonly delayed for nonmedical reasons in many healthcare systems. This study investigated the impact of the elapsed time from AR to SR on postoperative 90-day complications. The secondary aim was to explore the independent factors associated with a delayed SR.

M&M
This multicenter retrospective cohort study included rectal cancer patients who underwent anterior resection (AR) and DS between 2014 and 2018. Multivariable logistic regression was used to evaluate the influence of the elapsed time from AR to SR on postoperative complications within 90 days.

Results
Out of 905 patients subjected to AR with DS, 116 (18%) patients experienced at least one postoperative 90-day complication after SR. Multivariable analysis revealed an association between the elapsed time to SR and complications within 90 days from SR (OR 1.02; 95% CI, 1.00–1.04). The association with SR complications was further highlighted in patients who experienced delayed SR > 6 months after AR (OR 1.73; 95% CI, 1.04–2.86). AL after AR and nodal disease were both related to delayed SR.

Conclusion
This study demonstrated that postoperative 90-day complications are associated with the time elapsed to SR. These findings emphasize the importance of early SR, preferably within 6 months, to prevent complications.