bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficacy of hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA screening and characterization of acute and occult HBV infections among blood donors from Madrid, Spain
Authors: González Rocio , Torres Pilar , Castro Emma , Barbolla Luz , Candotti Daniel , Koppelman Marco , Zaaijer Hans L. , Lelie Nico , Allain Jean‐Pierre , Echevarría Jose‐Manuel 
Published: August 2009

BACKGROUND: Screening of blood units for hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA identifies donations collected during the window period (WP) of the acute infection and may improve viral safety of the blood supply. It also leads to the detection of occult hepatitis B infection (OBI).STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: From January 2005 to December 2006, a total of 383,267 blood units were screened for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and HBV DNA in two transfusion centers in Madrid, using either individual‐donation nucleic acid testing (ID‐NAT) or minipool (MP‐NAT) of eight donations (MP8). Samples positive for HBV DNA and negative for HBsAg were confirmed by a second molecular test, the viral DNA was quantified, and a genome fragment including the region encoding the major hydrophilic region (MHR) of HBsAg was sequenced.RESULTS: The overall yield of HBV DNA–positive, HBsAg‐negative units was 1 in 21,282 (18 cases), higher when using ID‐NAT than MP8‐NAT (1:9862 vs. 1:51,011; p < 0.01). Four donations (1/95,817) were collected during the infectious pre‐HBsAg WP, one during an early recovery stage, and the remaining 13 (1/29,482) were OBIs, six of whom had no detectable antibody to HBsAg. Low‐level Genotype D HBV DNA was detected in all OBI cases; the frequencies of this genotype and MHR amino acid substitutions were significantly higher than reported from unselected Spanish HBsAg carriers. Donors with OBI had normal aminotransferase levels and were significantly older than donors carrying HBsAg.CONCLUSIONS: Blood donors in the WP and with OBI are not uncommon in Madrid and are detected at a higher frequency with ID‐NAT than MP‐NAT.
Comparison of two bone substitute biomaterials consisting of a mixture of fibrin sealant (Tisseel®) and MBCP™ (TricOs®) with an autograft in sinus lift surgery in sheep
Authors: Saffarzadeh Afchine , Gauthier Olivier , Bilban Melitta , Bagot D'Arc Maurice , Daculsi Guy 
Published: August 2009

AbstractObjectives: The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy and safety of macroporous biphasic calcium phosphate (MBCP™)/fibrin grafts (TricOs®)/(Tisseel®) for sinus lift augmentation in sheep. Autologous bone grafts were used as a positive control, and dental implants were placed to assess the efficiency of the composite.Materials and methods: A total of 12 adult sheep (24 maxillary sinuses) were randomized to receive sinus lift augmentation with MBCP™/fibrin grafts obtained by either simultaneous or sequential addition of thrombin and fibrinogen to MBCP™, or autologous bone grafts. Six months post‐sinus lift surgery, dental implants were placed. At 6 months post‐sinus lift and 3 months after dental implant placement, the characteristics of newly formed bone and dental implant stability were assessed. The methods used were radiography, scanning electron microscopy, light microscopy, micro‐CT analysis, radio frequency analysis (RFA), and image analysis.Results: There were no clinical adverse events in the post‐operative period. New bone formation was similar for MBCP™/fibrin grafts and autografts at 21–20% and 20%, respectively, at 6 months, and at 34–35% and 35%, respectively, at 9 months. Implantability of dental implants was better at the time of placement with MBCP™/fibrin grafts than autografts at 81–88% and 69%, respectively. Three months after placement, RFA showed better implantability with MBCP™/fibrin grafts than with autografts at 75–82% and 71%, respectively. The bone contact measurements were around 50% for the three groups, without significant differences.Conclusions: This study shows that following sinus lift augmentation in sheep, MBCP™/fibrin grafts support new bone formation that is comparable to autografts, while providing better support for the dental implants.
Interproximal tissue dimensions in relation to adjacent implants in the anterior maxilla: clinical observations and patient aesthetic evaluation
Authors: Kourkouta Styliani , Dedi Konstantina Dina , Paquette David W. , Mol André 
Published: August 2009

AbstractObjectives: This clinical study aimed to assess (i) interproximal tissue dimensions between adjacent implants in the anterior maxilla, (ii) factors that may influence interimplant papilla dimensions, and (iii) patient aesthetic satisfaction.Material and methods: Fifteen adults, who had two or more adjacent implants (total of 35) in the anterior maxilla, participated in the study. The study design involved data collection from treatment records, clinical and radiographic assessment, and a questionnaire evaluating aesthetic satisfaction.Results: The median vertical dimension of interimplant papillae, i.e., distance from tip of the papilla to the bone crest, was 4.2 mm. Missing papilla height (PH) at interimplant sites was on average 1.8 mm. Median proximal biologic width at interimplant sites was 7 mm. The most coronal bone‐to‐implant contact at implant–implant sites was located on average 4.6 mm apical to the bone crest at comparable neighbouring implant–tooth sites. The tip of the papilla between adjacent implants was placed on average 2 mm more apically compared with implant–tooth sites. The contact point between adjacent implant restorations extended more apically by 1 mm on average compared with implant–tooth sites. Median missing PH was 1 mm when an immediate provisionalization protocol had been followed, whereas in the case of a removable temporary it was 2 mm. Split group analysis showed that for missing PH≤1 mm, the median horizontal distance between implants at shoulder level was 3 mm. Patient satisfaction with the appearance of interimplant papillae was on average 87.5%, despite a Papilla Index of 2 in most cases.Conclusions: The apico‐coronal proximal biologic width position and dimension appear to determine papilla tip location between adjacent implants. There was a significant association between the provisionalization protocol and missing PH, which was also influenced by the horizontal distance between implants. Patient aesthetic satisfaction was high, despite a less than optimal papilla fill.
Contralateral testicular relapse after prophylactic radiation in a patient with primary testicular diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma
Authors: Conrad Amber L. , Go Ronald S. 
Published: August 2009

AbstractProphylactic radiation to the contralateral uninvolved testicle has become a standard practice in the treatment of primary testicular lymphoma. While it is generally felt to be very effective, its failure rate is unknown. We describe a patient with primary testicular diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma, who developed recurrent disease in the contralateral testicle despite receiving prophylactic testicular radiation, central nervous system prophylaxis, and anthracycline‐based chemo‐immunotherapy. Review of the literature shows that the testicular failure rate after prophylactic radiation may be unexpectedly high at 10% or more. We put forward hypotheses on testicular relapse and discuss potential alternative preventive strategies.
Peroxisome Dynamics in Cultured Mammalian Cells
Authors: Huybrechts Sofie J. , Van Veldhoven Paul P. , Brees Chantal , Mannaerts Guy P. , Los Georgyi V. , Fransen Marc 
Published: August 2009

Abstract Despite the identification and characterization of various proteins that are essential for peroxisome biogenesis, the origin and the turnover of peroxisomes are still unresolved critical issues. In this study, we used the HaloTag technology as a new approach to examine peroxisome dynamics in cultured mammalian cells. This technology is based on the formation of a covalent bond between the HaloTag protein–a mutated bacterial dehalogenase which is fused to the protein of interest–and a synthetic haloalkane ligand that contains a fluorophore or affinity tag. By using cell‐permeable ligands of distinct fluorescence, it is possible to image distinct pools of newly synthesized proteins, generated from a single genetic HaloTag‐containing construct, at different wavelengths. Here, we show that peroxisomes display an age‐related heterogeneity with respect to their capacity to incorporate newly synthesized proteins. We also demonstrate that these organelles do not exchange their protein content. In addition, we present evidence that the matrix protein content of pre‐existing peroxisomes is not evenly distributed over new organelles. Finally, we show that peroxisomes in cultured mammalian cells, under basal growth conditions, have a half‐life of approximately 2 days and are mainly degraded by an autophagy‐related mechanism. The implications of these findings are discussed.
Closure of Diastema and Gingival Recontouring Using Direct Adhesive Restorations: A Case Report
Authors: DE ARAUJO Jr. EDSON MEDEIROS , FORTKAMP SAULO , BARATIERI LUIZ NARCISO 
Published: August 2009

ABSTRACTOne of the challenges in clinical esthetic dentistry is closing anterior diastemas without creating “black triangles” between the teeth. The success of a restorative treatment in anterior teeth depends on the esthetic integration between soft tissues and hard tissues. The conditioning of the interdental papilla is a simple, direct, predictable, and low‐cost alternative. This paper reports a case on diastema closure in anterior teeth that was successfully treated using gingival recontouring and composite resin restorations.CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCEThe closure of diastemas in anterior teeth using direct adhesive restorations and gingival recontouring is a viable option for the clinician because it restores esthetic harmony between soft and hard tissues.
Influence of NaHCO3 Powder on Translucency of Microfilled Composite Resin Immersed in Different Mouthrinses
Authors: COLUCCI VIVIAN , DOS SANTOS CAMILA DEMETRIO , AMARAL FLÁVIA LUCISANO BOTELHO DO , CORONA SILMARA APARECIDA MILORI , CATIRSE ALMA BLÁSIDA CONCEPCIÓN ELIZAUR BENITEZ 
Published: August 2009

ABSTRACTThe regular use of mouthrinses, particularly when combined with the use of air‐powder polishing, could affect the appearance of tooth‐colored restorations. The current study sought to evaluate the effect of NaHCO3 powder on translucency of a microfilled composite resin immersed in different mouthrinses, at distinct evaluation periods. Eighty disk‐shaped specimens of composite resin (Durafill VS, Heraeus Kulzer GmbH & Co. KG, Hanau, Germany) were prepared. The composite specimens were then randomly allocated into two groups according to the surface treatment: exposure to NaHCO3 powder (10 seconds) or nonexposure, and they were randomly assigned into four subgroups, according to the mouthrinses employed (N = 10): Periogard (Colgate/Palmolive, São Bernardo do Campo, SP, Brazil), Cepacol (Aventis Pharma, São Paulo, SP, Brazil), Plax (Colgate/Palmolive), and distilled water (control group). The samples were immersed for 2 minutes daily, 5 days per week, over a 4‐month test period. Translucency was measured with a transmission densitometer at seven evaluation periods. Statistical analyses (analysis of variance and Tukey's test) revealed that: distilled water presented higher translucency values (86.72%); Periogard demonstrated the lowest translucency values (72.70%); and Plax (74.05%) and Cepacol (73.32%) showed intermediate translucency values, which were statistically similar between them (p > 0.01). NaHCO3 air‐powder polishing increased the changes in translucency associated with the mouthrinses. Air‐powder polishing alone had no effect on material translucency. Translucency percent was gradually decreased from 1 week of immersion up to 4 months. It may be concluded that the NaHCO3 powder and the tested mouthrinses have affected the translucency of microfilled composite resin, according to the tested time.CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCEDuring the last decade, the demand for composite resin restorations has grown considerably, however, controversy persists regarding the effect of surface roughness on color stability.
Hardness of Three Resin‐Modified Glass‐Ionomer Restorative Materials as a Function of Depth and Time
Authors: ROBERTS HOWARD W. , BERZINS DAVID W. , CHARLTON DAVID G. 
Published: August 2009

ABSTRACTStatement of the Problem:  The polymerization of bulk‐placed resin‐modified glass‐ionomer (RMGI) restoratives is compromised when penetration of the curing light is limited because of the materials' thickness. It is unknown if additional post light‐curing resin polymerization and/or glass‐ionomer setting occurs over time to ensure adequate polymerization.Purpose:  The primary objective was to evaluate the depth of cure of various thicknesses of RMGI restorative products over 1 year using Knoop hardness (KH) testing.Materials and Methods:  The materials were placed in Delrin molds having an internal diameter of 5.0 mm and heights of 2, 3, 4, and 5 mm and were photopolymerized with a halogen light‐curing unit. Five specimens of each depth were prepared for each time period evaluated. Specimens were stored in darkness at 37 ± 2°C and 98 ± 2% humidity until being tested at 24 hours, 1 week, and 1, 3, 6, 9, and 12 months after fabrication. Mean KH values were calculated for the bottom and top surfaces of each thickness group and used to determine bottom/top hardness ratios. Data were compared using two‐way analysis of variance (factors of time, thickness) at a 0.05 significance level with Scheffé's post hoc analysis, where required.Results:  The materials had relatively stable top surface KH, which permitted valid assessment of changes in bottom surface KH over time. The bottom surface KH of some RMGIs changed significantly over time (p < 0.001), but degrees of change were material dependent. Certain RMGIs demonstrated a potential for statistically significant post light‐activation hardening; however, that too was material dependent. As compared with top surface KH, deeper layers of the thicker RMGI specimens consistently failed to achieve an adequate degree of polymerization.Conclusion:  Although certain RMGI materials demonstrate a potential for post light‐activation chemically initiated resin polymerization and/or polyalkenoate acid/base reaction, these reactions may not be sufficient to ensure that the material is adequately polymerized for long‐term success. This is particularly true when RMGI materials are placed in thicker layers where curing light penetration may be compromised.CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCERMGI materials should not be placed in bulk but photopolymerized in layers to ensure adequate light activation. The results of this study suggest that Photac‐Fil Quick be placed in layers no thicker than 2 mm while Fuji II LC and Vitremer may be placed in layers up to 3 mm in thickness.
Display of a peer's face picture enhances the preference for a pen in preference testing in cows
Authors: NINOMIYA Shigeru , SATO Shusuke 
Published: August 2009

ABSTRACTUsing preference testing, we investigated the effect of a brush and a peer's face picture on the welfare of breeding beef cows. Four cows were used in experiment 1 and another four cows were used in experiment 2. An experimental barn consisted of two 3.5 square‐meter pens, and a corridor measuring 1.6 m wide and 1.3 m long. During the experiment, either side of the pens were treated. In experiment 1, straw bedding was placed in a treated pen (condition B) in the first two trials, a brush was added in the treated pen (condition BB) in the next two trials, and a peer's face picture was displayed in the treated pen (condition BBF) in the last two trials. In experiment 2, condition B was applied for the first two trials, a peer's face picture was displayed in the treated pen (condition BF) in the next two trials, and condition BBF was applied for the last two trials. Each cow was housed alone from 09.00 hour to 15.00 h in the experimental barn during the six trials. The cows stayed in the treatment pen longer than in the non‐treatment pen under all conditions in experiments 1 and 2. In experiment 1, the mean total time spent in the treatment pen was longer under condition BBF than under conditions B and BB. In experiment 2, the mean total time spent in the treatment pen was shorter under condition B than under conditions BF and BBF. The mean percentage of time spent ruminating was greater under condition BBF than under condition B. It is concluded that the cows preferred the peer's face picture in the isolated condition of preference testing in this study.
A large complex mediated by Moc1, Moc2 and Cpc2 regulates sexual differentiation in fission yeast
Authors: Paul Swapan Kumar , Oowatari Yasuo , Kawamukai Makoto 
Published: August 2009

Sexual differentiation in Schizosaccharomyces pombe is triggered by nutrient starvation and is downregulated by cAMP. Screening programs have identified the moc1/sds23, moc2/ded1, moc3 and moc4/zfs1 genes as inducers of sexual differentiation, even in the presence of elevated levels of cAMP. To investigate possible interactions among Moc1, Moc2, Moc3 and Moc4 proteins, we first screened for individual Moc‐interacting proteins using the yeast two‐hybrid system and verified the interactions with other Moc proteins. Using this screening process, Cpc2 and Rpl32‐2 were highlighted as factors involved in interactions with multiple Moc proteins. Cpc2 interacted with Moc1, Moc2 and Moc3, whereas the ribosomal protein Rpl32‐2 interacted with all Moc proteins in the two‐hybrid system. Physical interactions of Cpc2 with Moc1, Moc2 and Rpl32‐2, and of Rpl32‐2 with Moc2 were confirmed by coimmunoprecipitation. In addition, using Blue Native/PAGE, we revealed that each Moc protein exists as a large complex. Overexpression of Moc1, Moc2, Moc3, Moc4 and Rpl32‐2 resulted in the efficient induction of a key transcription factor Ste11, suggesting that all proteins tested are positive regulators of Ste11. Considering that Moc2/Ded1 is a general translation factor and that Cpc2 associates with many ribosomal proteins, including Rpl32‐2, it is possible that a large Moc‐mediated complex, detected in this study, may act as a translational regulator involved in the control of sexual differentiation in S. pombe through the induction of Ste11.Structured digital abstract
A list of the large number of protein‐protein interactions described in this article is available via the MINT article ID MINT‐7216191
Persistent Genital Arousal Disorder (PGAD): Case Report of Long-Term Symptomatic Management with Electroconvulsive Therapy
Authors: Korda Joanna B. , Pfaus James G. , Kellner Charles H. , Goldstein Irwin 
Published: August 2009

ABSTRACT

Introduction
This is the second case report of a woman with bipolar disorder type I who noted the onset of persistent genital arousal disorder (PGAD) symptoms after abrupt cessation of paroxetine. With the worsening of PGAD symptoms, she developed severe depression and suicidal thoughts, resulting in her undergoing electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) as management.

Aim
To describe a case of PGAD and develop hypotheses to explain the beneficial actions of ECT on PGAD based on 4 years of ECT administration.

Methods
Patient self-report after obtaining consent, as well as literature review.

Results
After the fourth ECT, the patient’s PGAD symptoms abated serendipitously. She was placed on ECT on demand for the treatment of her PGAD. With each ECT treatment, PGAD symptoms immediately disappeared, relapsing slowly over time until the next ECT was administered. The patient has, thus far, received a total of 30 treatments of ECT. Side effects continue to be minimal and include brief short-term memory loss, headache, and muscle aches.

Conclusion
ECT is known to induce cerebral excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmitter changes after acute and chronic administration. Sexual arousal is stimulated by the action of hypothalamic and limbic dopamine, noradrenaline, melanocortin, and oxytocin, and inhibited by serotonin, cerebral opioids, and endocannabinoids. Based on the patient’s bipolar disorder, the mechanism of action of ECT and the observation of ECT effectiveness on her PGAD, we hypothesize the following: (i) bipolar disorder led to central hyperactive dopamine release, an important component in the pathophysiology of her PGAD; (ii) central serotonin deficiency after selective serotonin-reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) withdrawal resulted in a lack of inhibition of sexual excitement; (iii) ECT resulted in lowering of the hyperstimulated central dopamine release; and (iv) ECT led to an increase in sexual inhibition by stimulating serotonin activity. Further research in the central control of sexual arousal is needed.
Genistein Supplements Might Not Induce Clitoral Modifications in Postmenopausal Women: A Prospective, Pilot Study
Authors: Battaglia Cesare , Cianciosi Arianna , Mancini Fulvia , Fabbri Raffaella , Busacchi Paolo , Nappi Rossella Elena , Venturoli Stefano 
Published: August 2009

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Vaginal dryness, low sexual desire, and low sexual arousability are critical issues for many postmenopausal women. Hormone therapy seems to improve vaginal lubrication and dyspareunia.

Aim
To evaluate, in postmenopausal women who refused hormonal therapy, the role of genistein in the treatment of vasomotor symptoms and its capacity to induce clitoral volumetric and vascular modifications independently from sexual stimulation.

Methods
Twenty-nine postmenopausal women who refused hormonal therapy were submitted to oral daily treatment with genistein 45 mg (Group I; N = 15); or no treatment (Group II; N = 14). The Group II patients served as controls. The patients were not randomly assigned to the two groups. The patients were studied before and after 3 months.

Main Outcomes Measures
Endometrial and clitoral ultrasonographic analysis; color Doppler evaluation of the dorsal clitoral artery; evaluation of hormonal plasma concentrations; administration of the two-factor Italian McCoy Female Sexuality Questionnaire; compilation of a monthly diary reporting the number of hot flashes. The ultrasound, color Doppler and psychometric tests were performed by examiners blinded to the participant’s group assignment.

Results
In the genistein-treated patients the vasomotor symptoms ameliorated at the end of the study. The use of genistein did not influence any other parameter.

Conclusions
Postmenopausal women submitted to a 3-months treatment with genistein showed an improvement of vasomotor symptoms. However, isoflavones seem to not induce any modification in the clitoral structures.