bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Unengaged Foetal Head in Pakistani Primigravida: Frequency and Outcome
Authors: Jafarey Sadiqua N. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractThe frequency of engagement of foetal head in the maternal pelvis at 36 weeks of pregnancy (N = 100) and in early labour (N = 246) were studied in Pakistani primigravida.The head was engaged in 2 (2%) at 36 weeks. In labour only 50 (20.3%) patients had head engaged. There was no difference in the mean age and mean height of the patients with head engaged and those with head unengaged. The duration of labour was significantly higher (p value = 0.02) in the ‘unengaged’ groups and the rate of operative delivery greater. However, 81% of patients with head not engaged delivered vaginally without increased foetal morbidity. The mean birth weights, head circumference and Apgar score were not different.A plea for conservative attitude in Pakistani primigravida with unengaged head in early labour is made.
Effect of Medroxyprogesterone Acetate on Peritoneal Adhesion
Authors: Nayel Sayed A. , Habashy Moustafa A. El , Banna Nadia E. , Sehrawy Sayed A. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractSixteen albino female non‐pregnant rabbits of the blanc du Bouscat strain are the material of this study. Ten animals received a single intramuscular injection of 20 mg medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA). The other six received placebo (normal saline). Laparatomy was performed to the animals, both horns of each animal were transected, then repaired by end to end anastomosis 2 weeks later, the animals reexplored and the adhesion formation assessed. It was found that MPA significantly reduced adhesion formation in the treated animals.
Nasal Administration of Prostaglandins for Uterine Stimulation and Induction of Labour
Authors: Toppozada Mokhtar K. , Shaala Said A. , Ismail Ahmed A. A. , Osman Mohamed M. , Ziedan Kamel M. , Hammouda Ahmed A. , Anwar Medhat M. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractFifty pregnant women were included in the present work in 3 groups. Group I comprised 24 women with intrauterine fetal death with the objective of screening the effect of various doses of 3 prostaglandins (PGs, E2, F2α and Sulprostone®) administered intranasally with simultaneous recording of uterine activity by intrauterine microballoon. A dose response correlation regarding uterine stimulation was recorded for PGE2 and Sulprostone® but the former induced marked nasal irritation. Group II included 16 normal near term pregnant cases who were given nasal Sulprostone® drops to detect the optimal safe dosage regimen as judged by cardiotocographic recordings. The results indicated that 250–500 μg can be safely given in repeated doses for uterine stimulation. In Group III, 10 primigravidae received intranasal drops of Sulprostone® with an initial dose of 250 μ to induce labour for valid medical indications. Uterine activity and Bishop score increased significantly and labour was successfully induced in 9 cases. No maternal or fetal distress was recorded. This mode of Sulprostone® delivery in relatively low doses appears to have desirable advantages and minimal risks.
The Clinical Usefulness of Umbilical Artery Velocity Waveforms for Early Detection of Intrauterine Growth Retardation
Authors: Sakoda Yoshio , Ito Masaharu , Yunohara Takeo , Aiko Akira , Fujisaki Shunichi , Okamura Hitoshi 
Published: August 2010

AbstractUmbilical artery velocity waveforms, biparietal diameter (BPD), and abdominal circumference (AC) were examined in 20 pregnant women shown to be carrying infants small for their gestational age (SGA) and in 112 normal pregnant women who were delivered of infants with size and weight appropriate for their gestational age (AGA). The diagnoses of SGA and AGA were confirmed retrospectively. A combination of real‐time scanning and pulsed Doppler was used to obtain blood waveforms from the umbilical arteries. The systolic peak of the velocity wave was divided by the end diastolic value, thereby giving an S/D ratio. The S/D ratio in SGA fetuses was significantly higher than that of AGA fetuses when measured between 21 and 40 weeks gestation. The significant changes of biparietal diameter and abdominal circumference in SGA fetuses was detectable between 33 and 40 weeks gestation. The umbilical artery S/D ratio may be more useful as a parameter for early detection of intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) than BPD and AC.
Maturity and in vitro Fertilization of Superovulated Human Oocytes in Relation to Various Hormone Levels in Follicular Fluids
Authors: Chang Yoon Seok , Lee Jin Yong , Moon Shin Yong , Kim Jung Gu , Yoon Bo Hyun 
Published: August 2010

AbstractFollicular fluid (FF) prolactin (PRL), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), estradiol (E2), progesterone (P), androstenedione (ADD) and testosterone (T) levels were compared in 3 groups of spontaneously ovulatory women undergoing ovulation induction with clomiphene citrate (CC) alone or with human menopausal gonadotropin (hMG) (15 patients), hMG (8 patients), or pure FSH/hMG (9 patients) for the purpose of in vitro fertilization. FF hormone levels measured did not differ significantly according to the maturity of the oocyte. FF FSH and T levels for all three groups were similar, but the PRL concentrations were significantly lower in the CC‐treated group than in the other groups. E2 was highest in FF from CC‐treated group compared to the hMG‐treated or FSH‐treated group. FF P values were highest in CC‐treated group. And hMG‐stimulated follicles contained significantly lower ADD than did the other groups. However, in all treatment groups, FF levels of various hormone measured did not show any close relationship with fertilization and the success of pregnancy after embryo transfer.In conclusion, follicular development and steroidogenesis differs markedly depending on the agent used for follicular stimulation. But these alterations may not impair oocyte development, successful fertilization and implantation.
Primary Choriocarcinoma in the Uterine Cervix: Report of 4 Cases
Authors: Tsai Yat‐San , Su Shi‐Chiy , Wang Tai‐Te , Hsu Chien‐Tien , Lin Yun‐Nan 
Published: August 2010

AbstractIn our department, 4 cases of choriocarcinoma were considered as primarily developed in the uterine cervix, because of the absence of such lesion in other parts of the genital organ. In one case this developed in the left‐over cervix 2 years after subtotal hysterectomy for hydatidiform mole. In the other cases no definite immediately preceding pregnancy of any type could be traced, and primary ectopic choriocarcinoma developing in the cervix seems most likely. The 2 cases occurring before the advent of chemotherapy died, but the 2 cases occurring after the advent of chemotherapy have survived. It is very interesting to note that in the case occurring at the initial stage of the development of chemotherapy, oral MTX intake alone has successfully resulted in a survival of 31 years even in association with lung and brain metastasis, although the latter is based only on symptomatology. In the literature, no more than 70 cases of choriocarcinoma in the world have primarily arisen in the uterine cervix, and most of these have been reported in Japan. The present 4 cases are considered the first observed in Taiwan, ROC.
Induction of Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia in BALB/c Mice by UV‐Inactivated Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2
Authors: Hayashi Yoshinobu , Okabe Nobuo , Mori Ryoichi , Kaku Tsunehisa , Mohri Shirou , Iwasaka Tsuyoshi , Sugimori Hajime 
Published: August 2010

AbstractThe present study was undertaken to investigate the oncogenic potential of herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV‐2) in the mouse cervix and the effect of tetradecanoyl‐phorbol‐acetate (TPA) on the development of HSV‐2‐induced cervical lesion. Cotton tampons saturated with ultraviolet‐inactivated HSV‐2 were inserted into the vaginas of BALB/c mice twice a week. Histological examination performed at the 48th week revealed cervical intraepithelial neoplasia in a HSV‐2‐exposed mouse and a HSV‐2 plus TPA‐exposed mouse but not in control mice. Although premalignant lesions were induced in the mouse uterine cervices by HSV‐2, there was no evidence of malignancy. These results suggest that HSV‐2 functions as an initiator in the multistep process of cervical carcinogenesis.
The Role of Human Neutrophil Elastase in the Premature Rupture of Membranes
Authors: Kanayama Naohiro , Terao Toshihiko , Horiuchi Kentarou 
Published: August 2010

AbstractStudies were made as to whether or not human neutrophil elastase is involved in the pathogenesis of some cases of premature rupture of the membranes. Only the disrupted areas of membranes of prematurely ruptured amnions stained with antibodies against human neutrophil elastase. Moreover, the epithelial cells of amnions without premature rupture of the membranes stained strongly with antibodies against α1‐antitrypsin, whereas those of amnions with premature rupture of the membranes stained only weakly. Purified human neutrophil elastase degraded only type III collagen of normal amniotic collagens. These findings suggest that one cause of premature rupture of the amnion membranes is degradation of type III collagen by human neutrophil elastase. The mechanism of premature rupture of the membranes may be similar to that of pulmonary emphysema induced by α1‐antitrypsin deficiency.
Eight Years Experience with Rh Negative Isoimmunised Mothers in a Special Rhesus Clinic
Authors: Gupta I. , Narang A. , Bhakoo O. N. , Jolly J. G. , Dass S. K. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractIn special Rh clinic, data regarding 193 immunised cases over a period of 8 years is analysed. The incidence of Rh negative population was 10% and 13% of Rh negative cases were immunised. Spectrophotometric analysis was used as the mainstay for the management of immunised pregnancies. The corrected perinatal mortality was 16.2% and 27.0% in booked and unbooked cases respectively. Intrauterine transfusion was attempted in 2 cases but babies could not be salvaged. Mismatched transfusion was responsible for immunised state in 9.0% of women.
Colposuspension in Treatment of Genuine Stress Incontinence
Authors: Rizvi Javed H. , Awad Mohammad E. L. , Stobbart David 
Published: August 2010

AbstractColposuspension is a popular operation for treatment of genuine stress incontinence (urethral sphincter incompetence). In this study our experience with the use of this operation is described. Sixty‐two patients were selected for colposuspension on the basis of history, clinical findings and urodynamic studies.The results of this operation were evaluated in the immediate post‐operative period and 6 weeks after surgery. Long term evaluation included urodynamic studies 3–6 months after operation and then yearly follow up for 3 years. The overall cure rate was 88.7%. Twenty patients had previous surgery for incontinence, in this group the cure rate was 80%.Twenty percent of patients were able to void urine spontaneously on the 4th day. However, 90% of patients were passing urine normally by the 10th post‐operative day. Three percent of patients had long term voiding difficulties with poor flow rates and residual urine of over 100 ml. A similar percentage (3.2%) had developed detrusor instability secondary to the operation. Long term follow up showed that the incidence of development of high rectocele, enterocele and uterine prolapse was 5%.We confirm that, colposuspension is an effective operation for treatment of genuine stress incontinence; the success rates are high but the selection of patients is critical. They have to be selected carefully in order to avoid immediate complications of retention of urine and late complications of voiding difficulty and appearance of enterocele, high rectocele and uterine prolapse.
Bleomycin, Cisplatin and Etoposide Combination Therapy (BCE) in Drug‐Resistant Gestational Choriocarcinoma
Authors: Yamamoto Takara , Sawada Shigenari , Urabe Mamoru , Tamura Naoya , Suzuki Hidefumi , Iwasaku Kazuhiro , Sasaki Junichi , Naitoh Kazuo , Fukuoka Masaaki , Okada Hiroji 
Published: August 2010

AbstractA combination of bleomycin, cisplatin and etoposide as a second line chemotherapy was used for 3 cases of drug‐resistant gestational choriocarcinoma. A drop in hCG levels and tumor reduction were confirmed in all cases. One case, however, contracted severe pneumonia despite frequent monitoring of the pulmonary function.
Differences in the Mechanisms of Production and Release of SCC‐Ag and CEA from an Established Uterine Cervical Carcinoma Cell Line (AMCC‐1)
Authors: Yabushita Hiromitsu , Nakagawa Yoshiaki , Sawaguchi Keizo , Noguchi Masayoshi , Ishihara Minoru 
Published: August 2010

AbstractA 2‐color flow cytometric study indicated a distinct correlation between the SCC‐Ag content and the DNA content of cells, whereas the intracellular CEA content had no relation to the DNA content. Exposure to 1 μg/ml of bleomycin induced the release of SCC‐Ag from AMCC‐1 cells into the culture medium, in proportion to the increase in the cell population with a tetraploid complement of DNA. However, it did not induce the release of CEA from AMCC‐1 cells into the culture medium. After exposure of AMCC‐1 cells to 50 μg/ml of bleomycin, the concentration of both SCC‐Ag and CEA in the culture medium increased markedly. From these findings it was suggested that the production and release of SCC‐Ag are induced by the G2 blockade of AMCC‐1 cells caused by exposure to a low dose of bleomycin, and that the release of CEA from AMCC‐1 cells is induced only by the lysis caused by exposure to concentrated bleomycin.
The Treatment of Eclampsia by Early Interruption of Pregnancy: A 15‐Year Review
Authors: Ji‐qing Luan 
Published: August 2010

AbstractThis study is a result of treatment obtained from 106 patients who had eclampsia over a 15‐year period from January 1973 to December 1987. All patients were treated for eclampsia by delivering infants as early as possible, either transvaginally or by cesarean section. By use of this method, as opposed to the administration of magnesium sulfate, the outcome for both mothers and newborns was acceptable. Of the 106 cases, cesarean sections were performed on 59 cases with antenatal eclampsia. There was no maternal death, while the perinatal mortality rate of infants was 2.78%. This study is a profile of cases where early delivery was chosen as a means of treatment for eclampsia.
Asymptomatic Salpingitis in Intrauterine Contraceptive Device Users
Authors: Ghosh Kusagradhi , Gupta Indu , Gupta Subhas Kumari 
Published: August 2010

AbstractSerial histological sections of the fallopian tubes of 50 asymptomatic subjects undergoing voluntary tubal ligation were evaluated for morphological evidence of inflammation. Twenty‐five subjects had history of IUD use (the study group) and the rest 25 had never used a device (the control group). Evidence of inflammation was found in 11 out of 25 subjects in the IUD users compared to only 2 out of 25 subjects in the non‐users (p<0.001). The relative risk was 5.5 times. Both acute and chronic inflammation of the oviducts were observed more often in the IUD users, though clinically and at surgery there was no apparent evidence of pelvic inflammatory disease.
The Inhibitory Effect of Synthetic Steroids on Proestrous Gonadotropin Release in theRat
Authors: Ohkawa Tomi , Awata Shoichiro , Arakawa Satoko , Kambegawa Akira , Okinaga Shoichi , Arai Kiyoshi 
Published: August 2010

AbstractThis study was performed to evaluate the inhibitory effect of synthetic steroids on the hypothalamo‐pituitary axis. Six synthetic steroids, used for contraception or other gynecologic indications, were injected to female rats on diestrus 2 (2 mg/kg, sc), and the animals were sacrificed in the afternoon of proestrus. Serum levels of LH, FSH and progesterone, the pituitary contents of LH and FSH, and LH‐RH in the median eminence were measured by radioimmunoassays. Among the synthetic steroids tested in this study, norethisterone, d‐norgestrel, 3‐keto‐desogestrel and gestrinone completely blocked the gonadotropin surge on proestrus, showing stronger antigonado‐tropic activity than progesterone. Desogestrel did not affect proestrous gonadotropin release at this dose. The suppressive effect of danazol could be seen only in a larger dose (20 mg/kg). These findings reconfirmed previously reported results, which demonstrated that the hypothalamo‐pituitary complex was a major site of action of these steroids.
Analgesia and Anesthesia during Labor in Japan and Developed Countries
Authors: Arai Masao , Nishijiam Masahiro , Tatsumi Hideki 
Published: August 2010

AbstractAnalgesia and anesthesia during labor were surveyed by the use of a questionnaire sent to university hospitals in USA, UK, France, FRG, GDR, Japan, and also other types of institutions in Japan.A rather negative attitude toward analgesia and anesthesia during labor was encountered less often in Japan than in USA, UK, and FRG, but the actual frequency of use was much less in Japan.Narcotics and/or tranquilizers were most frequently used in the first stage of labor. The only exception was France where lumbar epidural anesthesia was actually used as a method of choice at 70% of the institutions.Lumbar epidural anesthesia or some other regional block was the method of choice in the second stage except in UK where inhalation of nitrous oxide was the method of choice at 48% of the institutions.Augmentation of labor was much more frequent and the number of annual deliveries were much less in Japan. Higher c‐section rate was seen in USA.
Clinical Significance of a Solid‐Phase Immunoradiometrical Assay for Sialyl SSEA‐1 Antigen in Obstetrics and Gynecology
Authors: Ota Yoriko , Inaba Noriyuki , Shirotake Shoichi , Fukazawa Ichio , Okajima Yuko , Takamizawa Hiroyoshi 
Published: August 2010

AbstractThe clinical usefulness of sialyl SSEA‐1 antigen was evaluated in obstetrics and gynecology. Serum levels of sialyl SSEA‐1 were measured in patients with benign or malignant gynecologic diseases, and in normal pregnant women. Moreover, in 10 cases of full term delivery, samples of maternal sera immediately prior to delivery, soon after delivery and 5‐day‐puerperium, cord sera from the umbilical artery and vein, and amniotic fluid were taken to measure its concentration. During the course of pregnancy, serum SSEA‐1 levels were within the normal range (below 38 U/ml), showing no significant correlation with gestational weeks. Of patients with gynecologic diseases, those with malignant ovarian neoplasms, uterine cervical carcinoma and benign ovarian neoplasms exhibited elevated (over 38 U/ml) levels in 26%, 15% and 6% of all cases, respectively. In cases of full term delivery, the concentrations of sialyl SSEA‐1 in the maternal and cord sera were within the normal range. Concentrations were extremely high, however, in the amniotic fluid.
Breast Feeding Practices and Maternal Employment
Authors: Monga Deepika , Rai Uma , Kumari Sudarshan 
Published: August 2010

AbstractLittle information exists about the relationship between maternal employment and breast feeding practices and knowledge about lactation. The study was conducted on 318 employed and 299 non‐employed women prospectively.Lactational practices were significantly influenced by employment status, with 81.9% non‐employed vs. only 49.7% employed going in for exclusive breast feeds in the first 3 months (p<.001). Correspondingly, 46.8% employed women started combined breast and bottle feeds from birth (p<.001). Within the employed group, parity and social class did not significantly alter the infant feeding practices.Employed women were better informed about feeding and weaning as compared to their non‐employed counterparts (36.8% vs. 18.4% p<.001). Women from higher social class also tended to be more aware (59.8% vs. 7.2%: p<.001). Multiparas had an edge over primiparas with respect to knowledge about lactation (36.1% vs. 20.1% p<.01).
Estrogen Producing Activity in Epithelial Ovarian Tumors and Dermoid Cysts
Authors: Sekiguchi Isao , Suzuki Mitsuaki , Tamada Taro 
Published: August 2010

AbstractIn 28 cases of postmenopausal women with non‐functioning ovarian tumors, the estradiol (E2) level was assayed in peripheral plasma and tumor tissue extract. E2 precursors were also assayed in the tissue extract, and localization of 3β‐hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3β‐HSD) in the tissue was investigated. The plasma E2 levels were 153.8±205.9 pg/ml in 15 benign tumor cases, 244.3±336.5 pg/ml in 13 malignant tumor cases, and both of which were significantly higher than 12.3±3.6 pg/ml in normal postmenopausal women (p<0.01). The postoperative plasma E2 level (33.3± 32.7 pg/ml) was significantly lower than the preoperative one (228.3±319.0 pg/ml). Twelve of 19 cases (68.2%) showed a postoperative decline in the E2 level to less than a half of the preoperative level. E2 and its precursors were found in tumor tissue. These findings demonstrate that E2 is produced by the tumor tissue itself. In addition, 3β‐HSD activity was localized in the stroma of ovarian tumors, indicating that E2 synthesis is mainly carried out in stromal cells rather than in epithelial cells.
The Development of Sleep‐Wakefulness Cycle and Its Correlation to Other Behavior in the Human Fetus
Authors: Shinozuka Norio , Okai Takashi , Kuwabara Yoshinori , Mizuno Masahiko 
Published: August 2010

AbstractFetal rapid eye movements (REM), breathing movements (BM), and trunk movements (TM) were observed through the use of 3 ultrasonic real‐time scanners. Each movement was recorded with the event marker and quantitatively analyzed in relation to the development of the sleep‐wakefulness cycle by a computer‐assisted system. The results were as follows: The number of REM increased with gestational age. The appearance rate of REM reached a certain level after 32 weeks of gestation. REM— non‐REM rhythm was distinguished after 32 weeks. The relationship between REM and BM increased with gestational age. The occurrence of each TM has no correlation to that of REM when it was analyzed in short‐term units, but the incidence of TM was high in REM periods. These results demonstrate the course of the development of sleep‐wakefulness cycle in human fetuses.
Prospective Study on Premature Labor with Magnesium Sulfate
Authors: Jirapinyo Mayuree , Thuvasethakul Pichai , Leelaphiwat Supatra 
Published: August 2010

AbstractThe efficacy of magnesium sulfate was evaluated as the primary tocolytic agent in the management of patients at risk for premature delivery. Fifteen patients presenting with premature labor between 28 and 35 weeks gestation, given titrated dose intravenously magnesium sulfate till uterine contraction ceased, were prospectively studied. All patients received an additional oral β‐mimetic agent once labor was arrested till 36 weeks gestation. All cases had intact membranes and no contraindications for tocolytic therapy. Tocolysis for more than 72 hours was achieved in 14 cases (93.3%). Delayed tocolysis of more than 7 days was achieved in 13 cases (86.7%). The mean dosage to achieve tocolytic effect was 3.17 g/hr (SD 0.08). The mean serum magnesium level to achieve such effect was 5.38 mg/dl (SD 0.88). Magnesium sulfate was found to be easy to administer and clinically efficacious with minimal adverse effects. It may be used as the first line of tocolytic therapy where β‐sympathomimetic drugs are contraindicated.
Pregnancy Suppression by a Platelet Activating Factor Antagonist, ONO‐6240, in Mice
Authors: Ando Masaaki , Suginami Hiroshi , Matsuura Shumpei 
Published: August 2010

AbstractMouse embryos produce an embryo‐derived platelet activating factor (EDPAF) during their early developmental stages. The present study was aimed at investigating the physiological significance of EDPAF by using a specific PAF antagonist, ONO‐6240. EDPAF‐induced platelet decrease was antagonized by ONO‐6240 in a dose‐dependent manner, although this alone did not affect circulating platelet concentrations. ONO‐6240, when administered to maternal mice, increased the proportion of mice conceiving small litter sizes, whereas it did not affect in vivo or in vitro development of embryos. EDPAF was suggested to play an important role in establishing pregnancy in mice by promoting implantation.