bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Activation of Li2S Cathode by an Organoselenide Salt Mediator for All‐Solid‐State Lithium–Sulfur Batteries
Authors: Fan Junsheng , Sun Wenxuan , Fu Yongzhu , Guo Wei 
Published: June 2024

AbstractLithium sulfide (Li2S) is a promising electrode material with high specific capacity and can be paired with commercial anode materials such as graphite. However, bulk Li2S requires a high activation energy during the initial charge due to its inert electrochemical activity, resulting in high charge overpotential. Here, lithium phenyl selenide (PhSeLi) is proposed as a mediator that can effectively activate Li2S by altering the oxidation pathway in the initial charge process. It enables Li2S to release normal capacity over the general voltage range (1.5–3 V). The composite cathode with the Li2S:PhSeLi molar ratio of 4:1 exhibits a high reversible capacity of 615.9 mAh g−1 at 0.2 A g−1 after 400 cycles in all‐solid‐state batteries with Li7P3S11 sulfide electrolyte and In–Li anode (the corresponding capacity based on Li2S is 1016.6 mAh g−1). In a full cell with a partially pre‐lithiated silicon anode, it can still provide an average discharge capacity of 524 mAh g−1 at 0.1 A g−1 (the capacity based on Li2S is 844.2 mAh g−1). This work will contribute to the further development of Li2S‐based all‐solid‐state Li–S batteries.
Superimposed Electric Field Enhanced Electrospray for High‐Throughput and Consistent Cell Encapsulation
Authors: Fan Zejun , Chen Yihan , Yang Zhen , Niu Yudi , Liang Kaini , Zhang Yan , Zeng Jianan , Feng Yiting , Zhang Yuying , Liu Ye , Lv Cheng , Zhao Peng , Zhou Lv , Kong Wenyu , Li Wenjing , Chen Haoke , Han Dongbo , Du Yanan 
Published: June 2024

AbstractCell encapsulation technology, crucial for advanced biomedical applications, faces challenges in existing microfluidic and electrospray methods. Microfluidic techniques, while precise, can damage vulnerable cells, and conventional electrospray methods often encounter instability and capsule breakage during high‐throughput encapsulation. Inspired by the transformation of the working state from unstable dripping to stable jetting triggered by local electric potential, this study introduces a superimposed electric field (SEF)‐enhanced electrospray method for cell encapsulation, with improved stability and biocompatibility. Utilizing stiffness theory, the stability of the electrospray, whose stiffness is five times stronger under conical confinement, is quantitatively analyzed. The SEF technique enables rapid, continuous production of ≈300 core–shell capsules per second in an aqueous environment, significantly improving cell encapsulation efficiency. This method demonstrates remarkable potential as exemplified in two key applications: (1) a 92‐fold increase in human‐derived induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) expansion over 10 d, outperforming traditional 2D cultures in both growth rate and pluripotency maintenance, and (2) the development of liver capsules for steatosis modeling, exhibiting normal function and biomimetic lipid accumulation. The SEF‐enhanced electrospray method presents a significant advancement in cell encapsulation technology. It offers a more efficient, stable, and biocompatible approach for clinical transplantation, drug screening, and cell therapy.
Janus Amphipathic Dressing With Liquid Self‐Pumping and Blood‐Clot Anti‐Adhesion for Satisfactory Hemostasis
Authors: Yu Qiao , Wang Wenjie , Deng Ningyue , Su Baihai , Zhao Weifeng , Zhao Changsheng 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIdeal hemostatic materials for the emergency rescue of war and traffic accident sufferers are essential to significantly control hemorrhage, reduce patient discomfort, and improve the survival ratio. However, most hemostats absorb blood quickly in contact with the wound; and then, adhere to blood clots, resulting in breaking scabs and tearing the wound when the materials are removed. Herein, an effective Janus amphipathic hemostatic dressing (Fiber@Gel/Ca2+/KL) with a fiber layer (polylactic acid/carboxymethyl chitosan) and a hydrogel layer (polyvinyl alcohol, carboxymethyl chitosan, Ca2+, and kaolin) is reported. Such a composite dressing unidirectionally drains the excessive serum from its hydrophobic side (fiber layer) to its hydrophilic side (hydrogel layer), so‐called self‐pumping, thereby further concentrating coagulated factors (including red blood cells and platelets). Further, Ca2+ diffused from the hydrogel layer subsequently activates platelets and coagulation cascade. Besides, the Fiber@Gel/Ca2+/KL exhibits specific blood‐clot anti‐adhesion property on the fiber layer, making the dressing easily and safely peel off from the wound. It is believed that this novel hemostatic dressing with good hemostatic performance, easy clots removal, and excellent biocompatibility is expected to be used as a safe and efficient hemostatic dressing in clinical applications.
Mobilizing Endogenous Progenitor Cells Using pSDF1α‐Activated Scaffolds Accelerates Angiogenesis and Bone Repair in Critical‐Sized Bone Defects
Authors: Raftery Rosanne M. , Gonzalez Vazquez Arlyng G. , Walsh David P. , Chen Gang , Laiva Ashang L. , Keogh Michael B. , O'Brien Fergal J. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractMobilizing endogenous progenitor cells to repair damaged tissue in situ has the potential to revolutionize the field of regenerative medicine, while the early establishment of a vascular network will ensure survival of newly generated tissue. In this study, a gene‐activated scaffold containing a stromal derived factor 1α plasmid (pSDF1α), a pro‐angiogenic gene that is also thought to be involved in the recruitment of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) to sites of injury is described. It is shown that over‐expression of SDF1α protein enhanced MSC recruitment and induced vessel‐like structure formation by endothelial cells in vitro. When implanted subcutaneously, transcriptomic analysis reveals that endogenous MSCs are recruited and significant angiogenesis is stimulated. Just 1‐week after implantation into a calvarial critical‐sized bone defect, pSDF1α‐activated scaffolds are recruited MSCs and rapidly activate angiogenic and osteogenic programs, upregulating Runx2, Dlx5, and Sp7. At the same time‐point, pVEGF‐activated scaffolds are recruited a variety of cell types, activating endochondral ossification. The early response induced by both scaffolds leads to complete bridging of the critical‐sized bone defects within 4‐weeks. The versatile cell‐free gene‐activated scaffold described in this study is capable of harnessing and enhancing the body's own regenerative capacity and has immense potential in a myriad of applications.
Calcium Hexacyanoferrate Nanozyme Enhances Plant Stress Resistance by Oxidative Stress Alleviation and Heavy Metal Removal
Authors: Shen Xiu , Yang Zhenyu , Dai Xinyue , Feng Wei , Li Ping , Chen Yu 
Published: June 2024

AbstractOxidative damage, exacerbated by the excessive accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), profoundly inhibits both crop growth and yield. Herein, a biocompatible nanozyme, calcium hexacyanoferrate nanoparticles (CaHCF NPs), targeting ROS is developed, to mitigate oxidative damage and sequestrate heavy metal ions during plant growth. Uniquely, CaHCF NPs feature multifaced enzyme‐like activities, involving superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD), glutathione peroxidase, thiol peroxidase, and ascorbate peroxidase, which enable them to neutralize excessive ROS. Furthermore, CaHCF NPs promote calcium‐cadmium exchange process, diminishing the uptake of heavy metals. Importantly, 120 µg mL−1 of CaHCF NPs alleviate the inhibitory effects of hydrogen peroxide and cadmium chloride on Arabidopsis and tomato. The activities of SOD, POD, and CAT increase by 46.2%, 74.4%, and 48.3%, respectively, meanwhile the glutathione level rises by 72.4% in Arabidopsis under cadmium stress. Moreover, CaHCF NPs boost the expression of genes associated with antioxidation, heavy metal detoxification, nutrient transport, and stress resistance. These findings unveil the significant potential of nanoplatforms equipped with nanozymes in alleviating oxidative stress in plants, which not only regulate crop growth but also substantially ameliorate yield and quality, heralding a new era in agricultural nanotechnology.
Electroactive Ionic Polymer of Intrinsic Microporosity for High‐Performance Capacitive Energy Storage
Authors: Hasan A. M. Mahmudul , Bose Saptasree , Roy Rupam , Marquez Joshua D. , Sharma Chaitanya , Nino Juan C. , Kirlikovali Kent O. , Farha Omar K. , Evans Austin M. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractHere, an ionic polymer of intrinsic microporosity (PIM) as a high‐functioning supercapacitor electrode without the need for conductive additives or binders is reported. The performance of this material is directly related to its large accessible surface area. By comparing electrochemical performance between a porous viologen PIM and a nonporous viologen polymer, it is revealed that the high energy and power density are both due to the ability of ions to rapidly access the ionic PIM. In 0.1 m H2SO4 electrolyte, a pseudocapacitve energy of 315 F g−1 is observed, whereas in 0.1 m Na2SO4, a capacitive energy density of 250 F g−1 is obtained. In both cases, this capacity is retained over 10 000 charge–discharge cycles, without the need for stabilizing binders or conductive additives even at moderate loadings (5 mg cm−2). This desirable performance is maintained in a prototype symmetric two‐electrode capacitor device, which has >99% Coloumbic efficiency and a <10 mF capacity drop over 2000 cycles. These results demonstrate that ionic PIMs function well as standalone supercapacitor electrodes and suggest ionic PIMs may perform well in other electrochemical devices such as sensors, ion‐separation membranes, or displays.
Prelithiated Carbon Nanotube‐Embedded Silicon‐based Negative Electrodes for High‐Energy Density Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Ünal Leyla , Maccio‐Figgemeier Viviane , Haneke Lukas , Eshetu Gebrekidan Gebresilassie , Kasnatscheew Johannes , Winter Martin , Figgemeier Egbert 
Published: June 2024

AbstractMulti‐walled carbon Nanotubes (MWCNTs) are hailed as beneficial conductive agents in Silicon (Si)‐based negative electrodes due to their unique features enlisting high electronic conductivity and the ability to offer additional space for accommodating the massive volume expansion of Si during (de‐)lithiation. However, both MWCNTs and Siirreversibly consume an enormous amount of Li inventory to principally form a Solid Electrolyte Interphase (SEI) and due to other parasitic reactions, which results in lowering the Coulombic Efficiency (CE), rapid decrease in reversible capacity, and shorter battery life.To tackle these hurdles, electrochemical prelithiation is adopted as a taming strategy to mitigate the large capacity loss (nearly reducing the first irreversible capacity by ≈60%) of MWCNT‐Si/Graphite (Gr) negative electrode‐based full‐cells. In contrast, a yardstick negative electrode utilizing commercially used Super P (Super P‐Si/Gr) showed a reduction of ≈47% after in vitro pre‐doping with lithium, which is considerably smaller compared to that of MWCNTs‐based electrode design. Furthermore, the Initial CE, life cycle, and rate capability are enhanced by prelithiation. Interestingly, prelithiation brings more impact on MWCNTs ‐Si/Gr than with Super P‐Si/Gr design. An in‐depth analysis using X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), RAMAN Spectroscopy, Attenuated Total Reflection Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (ATR FTIR), laser microscopy, and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) reveal deeper insights into the differences in SEI layer between prelithiated MWCNTs and their Super P‐based electrode counterparts.
Synergistic Hydrogen Peroxide‐Driven Cation Valence Regulation and La/O Co‐Doped SnS‐Based Oxysulfide Catalyst for Efficient Catalytic Reduction of Toxic Organics and Cr(VI) Under Dark
Authors: Zhang Hanya , Zhang Pengkun , Su Zhengjie , Kuo Dong‐Hau , Wu Qinhan , Huang Ting , Li Ping , Mosisa Mengistu Tadesse , Lin Jinguo , Chen Xiaoyun , Lu Dongfang 
Published: June 2024

AbstractA novel La/O co‐doped SnS oxysulfide catalyst (labeled SnLaOS) with heterovalent tin states and sulfur vacancy defects is successfully synthesized for effective catalytic reduction of toxic organics heavy metal ions with NaBH4 in the dark. La/O co‐doped and hydrogen peroxide‐driven SnLaOS catalyst with suitable heterovalent Sn2+/Sn4+ states and sulfur vacancy defects exhibited excellent catalytic reduction capability. The 100 mL 20 ppm of 4‐nitrophenol (4‐NP) and 50 ppm of rhodamine‐B (RhB), methylene blue (MB), methyl orange (MO), and Cr(VI) solution are entirely reduced by 5 mg SnLaOS‐3 within 10, 12, 12, 16, and 14 min, respectively, with durable stability. Synergistic transition metal La3+‐cation and O2−‐anion co‐doped SnS adjusted the energy bandgap and introduced sulfur vacancy defects, and the hydrogen peroxide‐driven regulated the SnLaOS with suitable Sn4+/Sn2+ states ratio. The sulfur vacancies in SnLaOS provide active sites for adsorbed proton for pollutants reduction, and heterovalent Sn2+/Sn4+ states in SnLaOS facilitates electrons efficient transfer through electron hopping between Sn2+ and Sn4+ for pollutants reduction. This study provides a novel efficient catalyst for the water pollutants treatment.
Dendrite‐Free Zn Metal Anodes with Boosted Stability Achieved by Four‐in‐One Functional Additive in Aqueous Rechargeable Zinc Batteries
Authors: Wang Panpan , Zhou Huiqin , Zhong Yi , Sui Xulei , Sun Gang , Wang Zhenbo 
Published: June 2024

AbstractZn interfacial issues involved dendrite evolution and undesired parasitic reactions are tough challenges to impede the progress of Zn ion battery. Herein, dendrite‐free Zn anode with boosted stability is achieved by four‐in‐one functional additive triethyl phosphate (TEP). Experiments and theoretical calculation reveal that TEP additive participates in the generation of compact inorganic interface to prevent Zn from corrosion. Meanwhile, the interfacial electrical double layer (EDL) is reconstructed with adsorbed TEP molecules in inner layer and weakened Zn2+ solvation structure in diffusion layer, which efficiently shields Zn from active H2O and moderate electrochemical kinetics, thereby preventing water‐related secondary reaction and Zn electroplating on tip region. Additionally, TEP additive manipulates zinc growth direction by adsorbing on the (002) facet, thus enabling long‐lasting dendrite‐free deposition. Accordingly, Zn||Zn symmetric cell demonstrates an ultralong lifespan over 5000 h (almost 7 months) at 1 mA cm−2, 1 mAh cm−2 and remarkable coulombic efficiency (CE) of ≈97.6% for 1500 cycles. For practical demonstration, Zn||LiFePO4 full cell demonstrates an improved rate capability and an elevated capacity of 116.0 mAh g−1. These findings highlight interface chemistry manipulated by multifunctional additives as an efficient approach to stabilize Zn anode, holding promise for top‐notch Zn‐based batteries with improved longevity.
Wheat crop genotype and age prediction using machine learning with multispectral radiometer sensor data
Authors: Jamil Mutiullah , Ahsan Zoha , Saeed Muhammad Nauman , Raza Ali , Migdady Hazem , Daoud Mohammad Sh. , Altalhi Maryam , Ezugwu Absalom E. , Abualigah Laith 
Published: June 2024

AbstractWheat (Triticum aestivum) yield predictions can be improved by using multispectral remote sensing to identify different genotypes and crop growth stages. We propose an innovative machine learning technique aimed at classifying diverse wheat crop genotypes and providing accurate estimations of plant age. Multispectral reflectance data was obtained from different sites where various wheat genotypes were cultivated. This approach involved analyzing incoming radiation and canopy light reflectance across five distinct spectral bands using a multispectral radiometer. The newly collected remote sensing data was utilized as input for the machine learning algorithm. Impressively, the random forest model achieved an accuracy rate of 98.77% in wheat crop genotype classification. Furthermore, the proposed approach's effectiveness was confirmed through a 10‐fold cross‐validation mechanism. Moreover, a multiple linear regression model for predicting the age of wheat genotypes explained 91% of the observed variation. These findings signify significant progress in wheat crop genotype and age prediction, ultimately leading to enhanced wheat yield.
Seed size, planting date, and seeding rate on cotton vigor and yield
Authors: Holladay Sarah K. , Jones Michael A. , Plumblee Michael T. , Marshall Michael W. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractCotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) is one of the top economic crops in South Carolina, and growers make many important decisions prior to planting each year including variety selection, planting date, seed size, and seeding rate. As input costs continue to rise, greater detailed information is needed so that growers can make better informed decisions for their individual operations. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the influence of seed size, seeding rate, and planting date on the growth, development, lint yield, and fiber quality for cotton grown in South Carolina. Two seed sizes large (≤9460 seed kg−1) and small (≥12,100 seed kg−1) were planted at four seeding rates (61,775; 86,485; 111,195; and 135,905 seeds ha−1) on two different planting dates (early [late April/early May] and late [late May/early June]) in 2020, 2021, and 2022 in Florence and in 2020 and 2021 in Blackville, SC. Data collection included stand counts, biomass at multiple growth stages, plant height, lint yield, fiber quality, and overall net returns. Results showed no difference in lint yield for any of the factors in either location in 2020; however, the small‐seeded variety lint yield was 20% more than the large‐seeded variety in Florence in 2021 and 2022 and 5% higher in Blackville in 2021. In Florence, seeding rates over 100,000 seed ha−1 resulted in higher lint yield than the lower two seeding rates. In both locations, delaying planting until after May 22 increased lint yield by approximately 15% in 2021 and 2022. The large‐seeded variety consistently had greater dry biomass (12%–52% greater) than the small‐seeded variety, indicating that it produced larger, more vigorous seedlings. While seed size may not be a reliable predictor of lint yield, it has proven to be an accurate predictor of seedling vigor. Therefore, it may be beneficial to plant a high‐yielding, larger seed size variety when unfavorable planting conditions are expected.
Phylogenomics of Brachystegia: Insights into the origin of African miombo woodlands
Authors: Boom Arthur F. , Migliore Jérémy , Ojeda Alayon Dario I. , Kaymak Esra , Hardy Olivier J. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractPremisePhylogenetic approaches can provide valuable insights on how and when a biome emerged and developed using its structuring species. In this context, Brachystegia Benth, a dominant genus of trees in miombo woodlands, appears as a key witness of the history of the largest woodland and savanna biome of Africa.MethodsWe reconstructed the evolutionary history of the genus using targeted‐enrichment sequencing on 60 Brachystegia specimens for a nearly complete species sampling. Phylogenomic inferences used supermatrix (RAxML‐NG) and summary‐method (ASTRAL‐III) approaches. Conflicts between species and gene trees were assessed, and the phylogeny was time‐calibrated in BEAST. Introgression between species was explored using Phylonet.ResultsThe phylogenies were globally congruent regardless of the method used. Most of the species were recovered as monophyletic, unlike previous plastid phylogenetic reconstructions where lineages were shared among geographically close individuals independently of species identity. Still, most of the individual gene trees had low levels of phylogenetic information and, when informative, were mostly in conflict with the reconstructed species trees. These results suggest incomplete lineage sorting and/or reticulate evolution, which was supported by network analyses. The BEAST analysis supported a Pliocene origin for current Brachystegia lineages, with most of the diversification events dated to the Pliocene‐Pleistocene.ConclusionsThese results suggest a recent origin of species of the miombo, congruently with their spatial expansion documented from plastid data. Brachystegia species appear to behave potentially as a syngameon, a group of interfertile but still relatively well‐delineated species, an aspect that deserves further investigations.
Proteins linking APOE ɛ4 with Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Oveisgharan Shahram , Yu Lei , de Paiva Lopes Katia , Tasaki Shinya , Wang Yanling , Menon Vilas , Schneider Julie A. , Seyfried Nicholas T. , Bennett David A. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractINTRODUCTIONThe ɛ4 allele of the apolipoprotein E gene (APOE ɛ4) is the strongest genetic risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD), but the mechanisms connecting APOE ɛ4 to AD are not clear.METHODSParticipants (n = 596) were from two clinical‐pathological studies. Tissues from dorsolateral prefrontal cortex were examined to identify 8425 proteins. Post mortem pathological assessment used immunohistochemistry to obtain amyloid beta (Aβ) load and tau tangle density.RESULTSIn separate models, APOE ɛ4 was associated with 18 proteins, which were associated with Aβ and tau tangles. Examining the proteins in a single model identified Netrin‐1 and secreted frizzled‐related protein 1 (SFRP1) as the two proteins linking APOE ɛ4 with Aβ with the largest effect sizes and Netrin‐1 and testican‐3 linking APOE ɛ4 with tau tangles.DISCUSSIONWe identified Netrin‐1, SFRP1, and testican‐3 as the most promising proteins that link APOE ɛ4 with Aβ and tau tangles.Highlights
Of 8425 proteins extracted from prefrontal cortex, 18 were related to APOE ɛ4.
The 18 proteins were also related to amyloid beta (Aβ) and tau.
The 18 proteins were more related to APOE ɛ4 than other AD genetic risk variants.
Netrin‐1 and secreted frizzled‐related protein 1 were the two most promising proteins linking APOE ɛ4 with Aβ.
Netrin‐1 and testican‐3 were two most promising proteins linking APOE ɛ4 with tau.
Nickel‐Catalyzed Electrochemical Cross‐Electrophile C(sp2)−C(sp3) Coupling via a NiII Aryl Amido Intermediate
Authors: Luo Jian , Davenport Michael T. , Ess Daniel H. , Liu T. Leo 
Published: June 2024

AbstractCross‐electrophile coupling (XEC) between aryl halides and alkyl halides is a streamlined approach for C(sp2)−C(sp3) bond construction, which is highly valuable in medicinal chemistry. Based on a key NiII aryl amido intermediate, we developed a highly selective and scalable Ni‐catalyzed electrochemical XEC reaction between (hetero)aryl halides and primary and secondary alkyl halides. Experimental and computational mechanistic studies indicate that an amine secondary ligand slows down the oxidative addition process of the Ni‐polypyridine catalyst to the aryl bromide and a NiII aryl amido intermediate is formed in situ during the reaction process. The relatively slow oxidative addition is beneficial for enhancing the selectivity of the XEC reaction. The NiII aryl amido intermediate stabilizes the NiII–aryl species to prevent the aryl–aryl homo‐coupling side reactions and acts as a catalyst to activate the alkyl bromide substrates. This electrosynthesis system provides a facile, practical, and scalable platform for the formation of (hetero)aryl–alkyl bonds using standard Ni catalysts under mild conditions. The mechanistic insights from this work could serve as a great foundation for future studies on Ni‐catalyzed cross‐couplings.