bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: The Properties of Locked Methanocarba Nucleosides in Biochemistry, Biotechnology, and Medicinal Chemistry
Authors: Marquez Victor E. 
Published: September 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Chiral PNNP Ligands: Synthesis, Coordination Chemistry and Asymmetric Catalysis
Authors: Li Yan‐Yun , Dong Zhen‐Rong , Gao Jing‐Xing 
Published: September 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Recent Highlights in the Synthesis of Highly Functionalized Pyrimidines
Authors: Radi Marco , Schenone Silvia , Botta Maurizio 
Published: September 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Assignment of the Absolute Configuration of Hydroxy‐ and Aminophosphonates by NMR Spectroscopy
Authors: Blazewska Katarzyna M. , Gajda Tadeusz 
Published: September 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: The Reaction of Silylenes with Acetylenes: In Search of the Reaction Pathways
Authors: Atwell William H. 
Published: September 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Recycling of Coal Fly Ash and Paper Waste to Improve Low Productive Red Soil in Okinawa, Japan
Authors: Jayasinghe Guttila Yugantha , Tokashiki Yoshihiro , Kinjo Kazuthoshi 
Published: September 2009

AbstractCoal fly ash (CFA) and paper waste (PW) related environmental problems and its recycling techniques have been a major challenge to society. Therefore, it is of crucial importance to develop new recycling methods for CFA and PW. This work proposes a potential new way of developing synthetic aggregates (SA) using CFA, PW, starch waste and ammonium sulfate (AS) as a granular nitrogen fertilizer medium, and their utilization as a soil amendment to improve crop production in the low productive acidic red soil of Okinawa, Japan. Three types of SA with three different nitrogen (N) percentages were produced and used to amend acidic red soil in a pot experiment for the cultivation of Komatsuna, which is also called as Japanese mustard spinach (Brassica rapa var. pervidis). SA had a low bulk density (0.58–0.62 g/cm3), high water holding capacity (0.60–0.64 kg/kg), high saturated hydraulic conductivity (2.34·10–2 cm/s), high mean weight diameter (MWD) (4.32–4.48 mm), alkaline pH (8.58–8.61), high electrical conductivity (EC) (82.18–84.35 mS/m) and high carbon (C) content (68.71–70.07 g/kg) in comparison with the acidic red soil. The trace element concentrations of the developed SA were below the maximum pollutant concentration of individual metals for land application of sewage sludge given by the US Environmental Protection Agency. Scanning electron microscopic (SEM) studies showed the higher structural surface area of SA, where round shaped CFA particles were embedded into the fibrous PW matrix. Incorporation of SA into the acidic red soil not only enhanced soil fertility but also improved the physical and chemical properties of the soil compared to soil without SA addition. SA addition to the acidic red soil significantly increased the growth and yield parameters of Komatsuna compared to soil without SA addition.
Hydropower – A Green Energy? Tropical Reservoirs and Greenhouse Gas Emissions
Authors: Gunkel Günter 
Published: September 2009

AbstractReservoirs are man‐made lakes that severely impact on river ecosystems, and in addition, the new lake ecosystem can be damaged by several processes. Thus, the benefits of a reservoir, including energy production and flood control, must be measured against their impact on nature. New investigations point out that shallow and tropical reservoirs have high emission rates of the greenhouse gases CO2 and CH4. The methane emissions contribute strongly to climate change because CH4 has a 25 times higher global warming potential than CO2. The pathways for its production include ebullition, diffuse emission via the water‐air interface, and degassing in turbines and downstream of the reservoir in the spillway and the initial river stretch. Greenhouse gas emissions are promoted by a eutrophic state of the reservoir, and, with higher trophic levels, anaerobic conditions occur with the emission of CH4. This means that a qualitative and quantitative jump in greenhouse gas emissions takes place. Available data from Petit Saut, French Guinea, provides a first quantification of these pathways. A simple evaluation of the global warming potential of a reservoir can be undertaken using the energy density, the ratio of the reservoir surface and the hydropower capacity; this parameter is mainly determined by the reservoir's morphometry but not by the hydropower capacity. Energy densities of some reservoirs are given and it is clearly seen that some reservoirs have a global warming potential higher than that of coal use for energy production.
A Dynamic Model to Simulate Spills of Fuel and Diesel Oil in the Terrestrial Environment during Extreme Fluvial Floods
Authors: Schulz Marcus , Büttner Olaf , Böhme Michael , Matthies Michael , von Tümpling Wolf 
Published: September 2009

AbstractExtreme fluvial floods may cause severe contamination with fuel oil and diesel, originating from gasoline pipes and tanks in private households and industrial areas, respectively. Geo‐referenced oil spills in the region of Bitterfeld (Germany) after extreme flood events, such as in August 2002, were simulated using the two‐dimensional (2D) Finite Element model system Telemac2D, which is subdivided into a hydrodynamic (Telemac‐2D) and a transport module (Subief2D). Fuel oil settled via adhesion showed a thickness of less than 1.0 mm. Fuel oil concentrations on the flood wave amounted up to 80 g m–3 in the vicinity of the point sources. At a distance of several hundred meters downstream of the point sources, the fuel oil concentrations were calculated to be zero. Settled areas were only partially contaminated with fuel oil. While one village experienced severe oil contamination, the town of Bitterfeld was almost unaffected by oil spills. It was demonstrated that the 2D transport model applied is capable of simulating fuel oil spills during extreme high waters in the terrestrial environment. Such simulations of fuel oil spills will feed into a GIS‐based decision support system of flood protection.
The use of a triangular estimator to improve scheduling in optical burst switched networks
Authors: Papazoglou Chrisoula , Sarigiannidis Panagiotis G. , Papadimitriou Georgios I. , Pomportsis Andreas S. 
Published: September 2009

AbstractIn an optical burst switched network, variable‐sized data bursts are switched on the fly using bandwidth previously reserved by their control packets. A key problem in OBS networks is the assignment of wavelengths to incoming bursts, that is, the scheduling of bursts. This paper proposes a new class of burst scheduling algorithms based on a triangular estimator. The proposed tool reduces the complexity of the scheduling scheme (measured in channel checks) without compromising its performance (measured by the burst drop ratio). Simulation results demonstrate both the accuracy and the efficiency of the estimator in a variety of scenarios and under self‐similar network traffic. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effect of capsaicin on Ca2+ fluxes in Madin‐Darby canine renal tubular cells
Authors: Yeh Jeng‐Hsien , Lee Jenn‐Kuen , Wang Jyh‐Seng , Yeh Mei‐Yin , Yang Yu‐Lin , Huang Jau‐Shyang , Chang Wen‐Teng , Kuo Daih‐Huang , Shieh Pochuen , Chen Fu‐An , Kuo Chun‐Chi , Jan Chung‐Ren 
Published: September 2009

AbstractThe effect of capsaicin, a transient receptor potential vanniloid‐1 (TRPV1) receptor agonist, on cytosolic free Ca2+ concentrations ([Ca2+]i) in Madin Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells is unclear. This study explored whether capsaicin changed basal [Ca2+]i levels in suspended MDCK cells by using fura‐2 as a Ca2+‐sensitive fluorescent dye. Capsaicin at concentrations between 10–100 µM increased [Ca2+]i in a concentration‐dependent manner. The Ca2+ signal was reduced by 80% by removing extracellular Ca2+. Capsacin induced Mn2+ influx, leading to quench of fura‐2 fluorescence suggesting Ca2+ influx. This Ca2+ influx was inhibited by phospholipase A2 inhibitor aristolochic acid and the non‐selective Ca2+ entry blocker La3+, but not by store‐operated Ca2+ channel blockers nifedipine, econazole, and SK&F96365, and protein kinase C/A modulators. In Ca2+‐free medium, pretreatment with the endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ pump inhibitor thapsigargin abolished capsaicin‐induced Ca2+ release. Conversely, pretreatment with capsaicin partly reduced thapsigargin‐induced [Ca2+]i rise. Inhibition of phospholipase C with U73122 did not alter capsaicin‐induced [Ca2+]i rise. The TRPV1 receptor antagonist capsazepine also induced significant Ca2+ entry and Ca2+ release. Collectively, in MDCK cells, capsaicin induced [Ca2+]i rises by causing phospholipase C‐independent Ca2+ release from the endoplasmic reticulum and Ca2+ influx via phospholipase A2‐regulated, La3+‐sensitive Ca2+ channels in a manner dissociated from stimulation of TRPV1 receptors. Drug Dev Res, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Tat‐mediated peptide intervention in analgesia and anesthesia
Authors: Tao Feng , Johns Roger A. 
Published: September 2009

AbstractMembrane‐permeable peptide carriers are attractive drug delivery tools. Among such carriers, the protein transduction domain (PTD) of the human immunodeficiency virus‐type 1 Tat protein is most frequently used and has been successfully shown to deliver a large variety of cargoes. The Tat PTD can facilitate the uptake of large, biologically active molecules into mammalian cells; recent studies have shown that it can mediate the delivery of different cargoes into tissues throughout a living organism. Given that the Tat PTD‐mediated delivery is size‐independent, this technology could make previously non‐applicable large molecules usable to modulate biological function in vivo and treat human diseases. It is likely that the peptide carrier‐mediated intracellular delivery process encompasses multiple mechanisms, but endocytic pathways are the predominant internalization routes. Tat PTD has been successfully used in preclinical models for the study of cancer, ischemia, inflammation, analgesia, and anesthesia. Our recent studies have shown that intraperitoneally injected fusion Tat peptide Tat‐PSD‐95 PDZ2 can be delivered into the spinal cord to dose‐dependently disrupt protein–protein interactions between PSD‐95 and NMDA receptors. This peptide significantly inhibits chronic inflammatory pain and reduces the threshold for halothane anesthesia. The ability of the Tat PTD to target any cell is advantageous in some respects. However, the drug delivery system will be more attractive if we can modify the Tat PTD to deliver cargo only into desired organs to avoid possible side effects. Drug Dev Res, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Olfactory guidance of nipple attachment and suckling in kittens of the domestic cat: Inborn and learned responses
Authors: Raihani Gina , González Daniel , Arteaga Lourdes , Hudson Robyn 
Published: September 2009

AbstractIn 60 kittens (11 litters) from free‐ranging domestic cats we investigated the role of chemical cues in facilitating nipple attachment and suckling during the first month of postnatal life when kittens are totally dependent on the mother's milk. Kittens were tested both together and individually on sedated females in different reproductive states. We found (1) that newborn kittens with no suckling experience responded to the ventrum of lactating but not to the ventrum of nonlactating females with search behavior and attached to nipples within minutes; (2) that even in older kittens, nipple attachment depended on females' reproductive state, with virtually no attachments on nonreproducing females, some on pregnant females, the greatest number on early‐lactating females, followed by a decline on late‐lactating females; and (3) that kittens could locate their particular, most used nipple on their mother but not on a female of similar lactational age, even after eye opening. We suggest that kittens respond from birth with efficient nipple‐search behavior to inborn olfactory cues on the mother's ventrum, that emission of these is under hormonal control, but that kittens also quickly learn olfactory cues specific to their own mother and to their own particular nipples. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Dev Psychobiol 51: 662–671, 2009.
Sexually dimorphic effects of postnatal treatment on the development of activity‐based anorexia in adolescent and adult rats
Authors: Hancock Stephanie D. , Grant Virginia L. 
Published: September 2009

AbstractHyperactivity of the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis is a marked feature of anorexia nervosa. Using a modified version of the activity‐based animal model of anorexia nervosa, we examine whether factors known to affect HPA axis activity influence the development of activity‐based anorexia (ABA). Male and female rats were subjected to maternal separation or handling procedures during the first two postnatal weeks and tested in a mild version of the ABA paradigm, comprised of 2‐hr daily running wheel access followed by 1‐hr food access, either in adolescence or adulthood. Compared to handled females, maternally separated females demonstrated greater increases in wheel running and a more pronounced running‐induced suppression of food intake during adolescence, but not in adulthood. In contrast, it was only in adulthood that wheel running produced more prolonged anorexic effects in maternally separated than in handled males. These findings highlight the interplay between early postnatal treatment, sex of the animal, and developmental age on running, food intake, and rate of body weight loss in a mild version of the ABA paradigm. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Dev Psychobiol 51: 679–695, 2009.
Submicrosticks versus Submicrohelices by Sonication – Assembly of PdCl2 Nanoparticles on Those Morphologies
Authors: Noh Tae Hwan , Kim Shin A , Lee Su Yeon , Jung Ok‐Sang 
Published: September 2009

AbstractAn unprecedented modulation of submicrohelix versus submicrostick morphologies by sonication has been systematically carried out on new propeller‐type tri‐O‐isonicotinoylphloroglucinol. The formation and control of uniform submicrohelix and submicrostick morphologies show subtle external sonication media effects. The first control of submicrohelices versus submicrosticks by sonication without any additive or template seems to be a function of conformational isomers. The facile loading of PdCl2 nanoparticles from K2PdCl4 on the morphologies is a conceptually advanced method of nanoparticle–submicromorphology interaction.(© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2009)
Synthesis and Properties of Oligonucleotides Containing Novel Fluorescent Biaryl Units (Eur. J. Org. Chem. 28/2009)
Authors: Ueno Yoshihito , Komatsuzaki Shinji , Takasu Keiji , Kawai Satoru , Kitamura Yoshiaki , Kitade Yukio 
Published: September 2009

AbstractThe cover picture shows a DNA duplex containing a biaryl unit, which is made up of benzene and pyrene moieties; an excimer is formed between the biaryl units, which results in the formation of a duplex. In the article by Y. Ueno et al. on p. 4763 ff the synthesis of the monomer units and oligonucleotides containing the biaryl units and the thermal stabilities of the duplexes, as well as their absorption and fluorescence properties, are discussed. The authors would like to thank Yoichiro Kato for his help in designing the cover picture.
Microchip CE analysis of amino acids on a titanium dioxide nanoparticles‐coated PDMS microfluidic device with in‐channel indirect amperometric detection
Authors: Qiu Jian‐Ding , Wang Li , Liang Ru‐Ping , Wang Jing‐Wu 
Published: September 2009

AbstractIn this paper, titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs) were employed to construct a functional film on PDMS microfluidic channel surface, which was formed by sequentially immobilizing poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) and TiO2 NPs on PDMS surface by layer‐by‐layer assembly technique. The modified PDMS microchip exhibited a decreased and stable EOF, which was favorable for the separation of biomolecules with similar migration times. Arginine, phenylalanine, serine and threonine were used as model analytes to evaluate the performance of the modified microchip. The four amino acids were efficiently separated within 100 s in a 3.7 cm long separation channel and successfully detected on the carbon fiber electrode in conjunction with in‐channel indirect amperometry. Resolutions and theoretical plate numbers of the analytes were considerably enhanced in the presence of TiO2 NPs. The modified microchip demonstrated excellent stability and reproducibility with improved RSDs of migration times and peak currents for run‐to‐run, day‐to‐day and chip‐to‐chip analyses, respectively. Variables influencing the separation efficiency and amperometric response, including injection and separation voltage, the working electrode position and buffer concentration, were optimized in detail.
Design and adaptation of miniaturized electrochemical devices integrating carbon nanotube‐based sensors to commercial CE equipment
Authors: Arribas Alberto Sánchez , Moreno Mónica , Bermejo Esperanza , Ángeles Lorenzo M. , Zapardiel Antonio , Chicharro Manuel 
Published: September 2009

AbstractThe design of new electrochemical devices integrating carbon nanotube sensors and their adaptation to commercial CE equipments are described. One of these designs was made for using commercial screen‐printed electrodes, whereas the second was projected for coupling commercial glassy carbon electrodes. The electrochemical characterization of these devices revealed that their hydrodynamic behaviour is strongly influenced by the electrode modification with multi‐wall carbon nanotubes that provided faster and/or more sensitive signals. The analytical applicability of these devices was illustrated for the CZE separation of chlorinated phenols and the MEKC separation of endocrine disruptors, where the use of carbon nanotube sensors has proved to be advantageous when compared with unmodified ones, with good electrocatalytic properties combined with acceptable background currents and a remarkable resistance to passivation.
Three‐dimensional simulation of planar contraction viscoelastic flow by penalty finite element method
Authors: Mu Yue , Zhao Guoqun , Zhang Chengrui , Chen Anbiao , Li Huiping 
Published: September 2009

AbstractThe planar contraction flow is a benchmark problem for the numerical investigation of viscoelastic flow. The mathematical model of three‐dimensional viscoelastic fluids flow is established and the numerical simulation of its planar contraction flow is conducted by using the penalty finite element method with a differential Phan‐Thien–Tanner constitutive model. The discrete elastic viscous split stress formulation in cooperating with the inconsistent streamline upwind scheme is employed to improve the computation stability. The distributions of velocity and stress obtained by simulation are compared with that of Quinzani's experimental results detected by laser–doppler velocimetry and flow‐induced birefringence technologies. It shows that the numerical results agree well with the experimental results. The numerical methods proposed in the study can be well used to predict complex flow patterns of viscoelastic fluids. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Discontinuous Galerkin methods for the Navier–Stokes equations using solenoidal approximations
Authors: Montlaur A. , Fernandez‐Mendez S. , Peraire J. , Huerta A. 
Published: September 2009

AbstractAn interior penalty method and a compact discontinuous Galerkin method are proposed and compared for the solution of the steady incompressible Navier–Stokes equations. Both compact formulations can be easily applied using high‐order piecewise divergence‐free approximations, leading to two uncoupled problems: one associated with velocity and hybrid pressure, and the other one only concerned with the computation of pressures in the elements interior. Numerical examples compare the efficiency and the accuracy of both proposed methods. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A low cost implementation of the Phillips model in solid–liquid flow modeling
Authors: Cagnone Jean‐Sébastien , Heniche Mourad , Tanguy Philippe A. 
Published: September 2009

AbstractThe interpolation requirements for the loosely coupled finite element solution of the Navier–Stokes equations and Phillips shear‐induced particle diffusion model are discussed. It is shown that a second‐order approximation of the fluid velocity field is required to adequately capture the spatial derivatives of the rate‐of‐strain tensor. To circumvent this limitation, a shear‐rate smoothing procedure is introduced, thereby allowing the use of lower‐order approximations for the fluid phase. Numerical experiments comparing the convergence and CPU cost of the different tetrahedral interpolation bases are presented. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.