bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification of endophytic bacterial strain MGP1 selected from papaya and its biocontrol effects on pathogens infecting harvested papaya fruit
Authors: Shi Jingying , Liu Aiyuan , Li Xueping , Feng Shujie , Chen Weixin 
Published: November 2009

AbstractBACKGROUND: Traditional approaches to the control of diseases of papaya fruit rely on the use of synthetic chemicals, which can cause serious human health and environmental problems. Endophytes might be used as an alternative to chemicals to effectively control diseases of harvested papaya fruit.RESULTS: MGP1 was one of the biological control agents that was selected from the pericarp of papaya and identified as Pseudomonas putida biovar A. The bacterium was able to colonise in the lamina, leafstalk, pericarp and pulp of papaya and strongly inhibit ten kinds of phytopathogen. Positive control effects were achieved when fruits were challenged with Phytophthora nicotianae at 24 and 48 h after MGP1 treatment. The control effect of MGP1 on anthracnose of harvested papaya fruit reached 54%. The application of MGP1 at five preharvest stages of papaya significantly reduced the disease index of anthracnose, with the best control effect reaching 63% after application at the florescence stage. However, the rate of latent infection of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides was significantly reduced only after application at the florescence stage.CONCLUSION: The results indicated the powerful ability of MGP1 as a biological agent. Copyright © 2009 Society of Chemical Industry
Race and ethnicity as factors in mental health service use among veterans with PTSD
Authors: Spoont Michele R. , Hodges James , Murdoch Maureen , Nugent Sean 
Published: November 2009

AbstractMany veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) either do not seek treatment or participate in treatment only episodically. The authors conducted a retrospective cohort study using Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) administrative data to determine rates of mental health care use and to examine whether the odds of service use varied by race or ethnicity. They examined all veterans with a new diagnosis of PTSD during a one‐year period. Analyses used logistic or negative binomial regression with generalized estimating equations to measure associations of race and ethnicity with mental health service use after controlling for demographic, disability, and access factors. After adjustment, veteran race, but not Hispanic ethnicity, was associated with decreases in some pharmacotherapy measures and increases in some counseling measures.
Canola single seed analyses to assess commingling of canola commodities
Authors: Barthet Véronique J. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractAnalysis was carried out using a simple base catalyzed derivatization on a single seed crushed in isooctane. The fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) were recovered in the isooctane phase and analyzed by gas chromatography (GC). Oleic acid content alone was not sufficient to differentiate the various commodities. α‐Linolenic acid content higher or lower than 5% could be used only to differentiate conventional from high stability specialty canola. The commodity classification was improved when both oleic and α‐linolenic acid contents were considered to give a “fingerprint” of the seed.
Functionality at the end of a fatty acid chain – chemical and biological routes to ω‐hydroxylated fatty acids
Authors: Bitto Natalie J. , Graichen Florian H. M. , Monahan Brendon J. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractHydroxylated fatty acids are valuable compounds in the chemical industry, being used in various products. ω‐Hydroxylated fatty acids are versatile oleochemicals that can be used in polyester and polyamide production. Although a significant number of conventional synthetic chemistry production routes have been developed for ω‐hydroxy acids, considerable challenge relates to their production in price‐competitive, renewable, and sustainable production systems. The development and utilisation of biological systems for ω‐hydroxy acid production may allow the transition of these compounds from specialty chemical to commodity material. The viability of biological routes to ω‐hydroxylated fatty acids is dependent on the identification of enzymes and systems capable of such modifications. Cytochrome P450 monooxygenases are currently the only characterised enzymes known to ω‐hydroxylate fatty acids and yeast provides valuable systems to perform the ω‐hydroxylation biotransformations.
Characterization and Crystallization Kinetics of in situ Prepared Poly(propylene terephthalate)/SiO2 Nanocomposites
Authors: Achilias Dimitris S. , Bikiaris Dimitrios N. , Papastergiadis Efthimios , Giliopoulos Dimitris , Papageorgiou George Z. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractA series of poly(propylene terephthalate)/silica nanocomposites containing 0.5, 2, 3.5, and 5 wt.‐% SiO2 were prepared by application of the in situ method. The nanocomposites with 3.5 and 5 wt.‐% SiO2 showed an insoluble content because of branching or cross‐linking of the macromolecules, as a result of reaction with the surface hydroxyl groups of silica nanoparticles. Wide‐angle X‐ray diffraction (WAXD) patterns of the composites were identical with that of neat poly(propylene terephthalate) (PPT). Crystallization kinetics under both isothermal and non‐isothermal conditions was extensively studied. It was found that crystallization rates are enhanced in materials with low silica content, while they are depressed for those with 3.5 and 5 wt.‐% SiO2. Finally, the melting behavior of the samples was investigated. Branching or cross‐linking of the macromolecules due to bonding with silica nanoparticles resulted in reduced recrystallization on heating.magnified image
Noncovalent Nonspecific Functionalization and Solubilization of Multi‐Walled Carbon Nanotubes at High Concentrations with a Hyperbranched Polyethylene
Authors: Xu Lixin , Ye Zhibin , Cui Qingzhou , Gu Zhiyong 
Published: November 2009

AbstractA hyperbranched polyethylene (HBPE) is employed herein for noncovalent nonspecific functionalization and solubilization of multi‐walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) in organic solvents. Though constructed solely from ethylene without any specific functionality, this unique hyperbranched polymer has been found to effectively solubilize MWCNTs at surprisingly high concentrations (up to 1 235 mg · L−1) in organic solvents such as chloroform and THF. These solubilities are comparable to and even better than the reported best values obtained through noncovalent specific functionalization with conjugated polymers capable of forming specific π‐π interaction with nanotubes in organic solvents. TEM and XRD results confirm that the nanotubes are completely exfoliated and debundled/de‐entangled upon functionalization with HBPE.magnified image
A Density Functional Study on the Influence of the Molecular Flexibility of Donors on the Insertion Barrier and Stereoselectivity of Ziegler‐Natta Propylene Polymerization
Authors: Taniike Toshiaki , Terano Minoru 
Published: November 2009

AbstractThe performance of MgCl2‐supported Ziegler‐Natta catalysts for propylene polymerization is highly dependent on the molecular structures of donors. Density functional calculations were conducted to examine the molecular behaviors of ethylbenzoate (EB), which coadsorbed with an active Ti species during the propylene insertion. It was found that the degree of the molecular flexibility of EB dominated the catalytic nature of the Ti species. The Ti species with geometrically fixed EB was highly isospecific but poorly active, while that with free EB was active but non‐specific. An appropriate confinement of the flexibility was proposed to be essential for active and isospecific propylene insertion, which might be achieved by steric interference between EB molecules adsorbed close to each other on the MgCl2 surface.magnified image
Does massively parallel DNA resequencing signify the end of histopathology as we know it?
Authors: Aparicio Samuel AJR , Huntsman David G 
Published: November 2009

AbstractNext‐generation DNA sequencing devices have revolutionized cancer genomics by bringing whole genome resequencing of patients' tumours within practical and economic reach. We present an overview of the techniques involved and review early results from the resequencing of cancer genomes. The possible impacts of whole‐genome and trancriptome resequencing in clinical cancer research and the practice of pathology are discussed. Copyright © 2009 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Network‐based drugs and biomarkers
Authors: Erler Janine T , Linding Rune 
Published: November 2009

AbstractThe structure and dynamics of protein signalling networks governs cell decision processes and the formation of tissue boundaries. Complex diseases such as cancer and diabetes are diseases of such networks. Therefore approaches that can give insight into how these networks change during disease progression are crucial for better understanding, detection and intervention. The era of network medicine has begun; however, there are fundamental principles associated with molecular networks that are essential to consider for this field to succeed. Here, we introduce network biology and some of its associated technologies. We then focus on the multivariate nature of cellular networks and how this has implications for biomarker and drug discovery using cancer metastasis as an example. Copyright © 2009 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The biological, clinical and prognostic implications of p53 transcriptional pathways in breast cancers
Authors: Abdel‐Fatah Tarek M , Powe Desmond G , Agboola Johnson , Adamowicz‐Brice Martyna , Blamey Roger W , Lopez‐Garcia Maria A , Green Andrew R , Reis‐Filho Jorge S , Ellis Ian O 
Published: November 2009

AbstractWe hypothesized that the functional status of p53 transcriptional pathways, rather than p53 protein expression alone, could accurately discriminate between low‐ and high‐risk breast carcinoma (BC) and inform about individuals' tumour biological behaviour. To test this, we studied a well‐characterized series of 990 BCs with long‐term follow‐up, immunohistochemically profiled for p53, its main regulators and downstream genes. Results were validated in an independent series of patients (n = 245) uniformly treated with adjuvant anthracycline‐based chemotherapy. Eleven p53 transcriptional phenotypes were identified with just two main clinical outcomes. (a) Low risk/good prognosis group (active/partially inactive p53 pathways), defined as p53±/MDM4+/MDM2±/Bcl2±/p21±, p53−/MDM4−/MDM2+/Bcl2+/p21± and p53±/MDM4−/MMD2−/Bcl2+/p21±. These tumours had favourable clinicopathological characteristics, including ER+ and long survival after systemic adjuvant‐therapy (AT). (b) High risk/poor prognosis group (completely inactive p53 pathways), defined as p53±/MDM4− MDM2−/Bcl2−/p21−, p53−/MDM4− MDM2+/Bcl2−/p21− and p53±/MDM4−/MDM2−/Bcl2−/p21+. These tumours were characterized by aggressive clinicopathological characteristics and showed shortened survival when treated with AT. Completely inactive p53 pathways but intact p21 axis p53±/MDM4−/MDM2−/Bcl2−/p21+ had the worst prognosis, particularly patients who received AT. Multivariate Cox regression models, including validated prognostic factors for both test and validation series, revealed that the functional status of p53 transcriptional pathways was an independent prognosticator for BC‐specific survival (HR 2.64 and 4.5, p < 0.001, respectively) and disease‐free survival (HR 1.93 and 2.5, p < 0.001, respectively). In conclusion, p53 functional status determined by assessment of p53 regulatory and downstream targets provides independent prognostic value and may help determine more adequate therapeutic regimens for specific subgroups of breast cancer patients. Copyright © 2009 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Age‐related susceptibility to Streptococcus pyogenes infection in mice: underlying immune dysfunction and strategy to enhance immunity
Authors: Goldmann Oliver , Lehne Sabine , Medina Eva 
Published: November 2009

AbstractEpidemiological studies have shown that the elderly are at higher risk of severe Streptococcus pyogenes infections. In this study, we used a mouse model that displays the age‐related loss of resistance to S. pyogenes infection seen in humans to investigate the impaired immune mechanism underlying the age‐associated susceptibility to this pathogen. Young (2–3 months old) and aged (>20 months old) BALB/c mice were subcutaneously or intravenously inoculated with S. pyogenes and their capacity to control infection was compared. Aged mice showed faster progression of disease, earlier morbidity, and increased mortality when compared with young animals. Since macrophages are critical for host defence against S. pyogenes, we investigated whether susceptibility of aged mice may be due to an age‐associated decline in the functionality of these cells. Our results showed that macrophages from aged mice were as capable as those from young animals to uptake and kill S. pyogenes, but the number of resident tissue macrophages was significantly reduced in the aged host. Treatment of aged mice with macrophage colony‐stimulating factor (M‐CSF) significantly increased the number of resident macrophages and improved their response to infection. Our results indicate that treatment with M‐CSF can restore, at least in part, the mechanisms affected by immunosenescence and enhance the natural resistance of aged mice to infection with S. pyogenes. Copyright © 2009 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Analysis of interfacial adhesion behaviors by single‐fiber composite tensile tests and surface wettability tests
Authors: Sun Lili , Jia Yuxi , Ma Fengde , Sun Sheng , Zhao Jiang , Han Charles C. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractThe interfacial adhesion and the mechanical properties of glass fiber reinforced epoxy matrix composite were studied systematically by changing the ratio of the curing agent to epoxy and also the surface treatment of fibers. A strong correlation between the interfacial shear strength and the work of adhesion was found, i.e., the interfacial shear strength is scaled linearly with the interfacial work of adhesion. An empirical formula has been proposed for the relation between the interfacial shear strength and the work of adhesion, from which the equilibrium interatomic distance at the interface between matrix and fiber was evaluated. POLYM. COMPOS., 31:1457–1464, 2010. © 2009 Society of Plastics Engineers
Disseminating Incredible Years Series early‐intervention programs: Integrating and sustaining services between school and home
Authors: Webster‐Stratton Carolyn , Herman Keith C. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractThe Incredible Years (IY) Series is a well‐established set of parent, teacher, and child programs for treating and preventing conduct problems and promoting social competence and emotional regulation in young children. The purpose of this article is to describe the development of this evidence‐based series within the context of a prevention science framework. We first summarize the conceptual grounding of the intervention series including the risk and protective factors that are targeted by IY. We then review the extensive literature demonstrating the impact of the various programs. The bulk of this article, however, focuses on the challenge of disseminating evidence‐based programs with high fidelity. To help overcome these challenges, we describe a model and a set of strategies for implementing IY in community and school settings with high fidelity, so as to help reduce the population prevalence of major childhood mental disorders. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The stoichiometry of protein phosphorylation in adipocyte lipid droplets: Analysis by N‐terminal isotope tagging and enzymatic dephosphorylation
Authors: Kanshin Evgeny , Wang Shupei , Ashmarina Lyudmila , Fedjaev Michael , Nifant'ev Ilya , Mitchell Grant A. , Pshezhetsky Alexey V. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractMost phosphoproteomic studies to date have been limited to the identification of phosphoproteins and their phosphorylation sites, and have not assessed the stoichiometry of protein phosphorylation, a critical parameter reflecting the dynamic equilibrium between phosphorylated and non‐phosphorylated pools of proteins. Here, we used a method for measuring phosphorylation stoichiometry through isotope tagging and enzymatic dephosphorylation of tryptic peptides. Using this method, protein digests are divided into two equal aliquots that are modified with either light or heavy isotope tags. One aliquot is dephosphorylated by alkaline phosphatase. Finally, the peptide mixtures are recombined and LC‐MS/MS analysis is performed. With this method, we studied adipocytes of mice stimulated with CL316,243, a β‐3 adrenergic agonist known to induce lipolysis and marked phosphorylation changes in proteins of the lipid droplet surface. In lipid droplet preparations, CL316,243 administration increased phosphorylation of proteins related to regulation of signaling, metabolism and intracellular trafficking in white adipose tissue, including hormone‐sensitive lipase which was 80% phosphorylated at the previously reported site, Ser‐559, and the lipid surface protein perilipin, which was phosphorylated by ∼60 and ∼40% at previously unreported sites, Ser‐410 and Ser‐460.
Ternary magnetic nanocomposites based on core–shell Fe3O4/polyaniline nanoparticles distributed in PVDF matrix
Authors: Petrychuk Mykhaylo , Kovalenko Valery , Pud Alexander , Ogurtsov Nikolay , Gubin Alexey 
Published: November 2009

AbstractMagnetic, electric, and radioprotector properties of hybrid nanocomposites of Fe3O4 nanoparticles with and without a shell of polyaniline (PANI), which is doped with dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid (DBSA), dispersed in polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) matrix have been studied. It has been found that the presence of PANI–DBSA as a separate filler in the ternary nanocomposite film, which also contains as another filler the core–shell Fe3O4/PANI–DBSA nanoparticles, facilitates dispersion of the magnetic filler due to the improvement of its compatibility with the PVDF matrix. This leads both to the decrease in coefficient of squareness of the hysteresis loop and to the increase in electromagnetic energy (EME) absorption of the nanocomposite film.magnified image
The properties of LiCe co‐substituted (Na1−xKx)0.5Bi4.5Ti4O15‐based ceramics
Authors: Gai Zhi‐gang , Feng Yuan‐yuan , Wang Jin‐feng , Zhao Ming‐lei , Su Wen‐bin , Zheng Li‐mei , Wang Chun‐ming , Zhang Shujun , Shrout Thomas R. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractThe effect of K content on the properties of LiCe co‐substituted (Na1−xKx)0.5Bi4.5Ti4O15‐based ceramics was investigated. The Curie temperature (TC) gradually decreases from 641 to 551 °C with increasing the K content. The piezoelectric coefficient d33, thickness coupling factor kt, and mechanical quality factor Q of (Na0.5Bi0.5)0.80(Li0.5Ce0.5)0.10[]0.10Bi4Ti4O15 (x = 0.00) ceramic were found to be 28 pC/N, 25%, and 2693, respectively, together with the high TC (∼641 °C) and stable piezoelectric properties, demonstrating that the (LiCe) modified Na0.5Bi4.5 Ti4O15‐based material a promising candidate for high temperature applications.
Influence of boron content on crystallization and magnetic properties of ternary FeNbB amorphous alloys
Authors: Stokłosa Z. , Rasek J. , Kwapuliński P. , Haneczok G. , Chrobak A. , Lelątko J. , Pająk L. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractThe influence of boron on crystallization and magnetic properties of the Fe98‐xNb2Bx, (x = 11, 14, 16, 18, 20, 22) group of alloys obtained by melt spinning method were investigated. Relative magnetic permeability (µr), parallel magnetostriction coefficient in saturated magnetic field (λ||s) and resistivity (ρ) were determined for samples in the as quenched state and after 1 h annealing in the vacuum. It was found that the characteristic temperatures, that is the Curie temperature (Tc), the temperature of the first stage of crystallization (Tx1), and the 1‐h temperature of soft magnetic properties optimization annealing (Top) increase with increasing boron content in the examined alloys. The observed increase of the Curie temperatures is explained based on the molecular field approach. Mechanism of the increase of the characteristic temperatures Tx1 and Top with increasing B content is discussed in terms of the diffusion model. Activation energies (Ex1) of the first stage of crystallization were determined. Microstructures of samples in the as quenched state and after annealing were examined by X‐ray diffraction and high resolution electron microscopy methods.
Long‐term adsorption of fetal bovine serum on H/O‐terminated diamond studied in situ by atomic force microscopy
Authors: Ukraintsev E. , Rezek B. , Kromka A. , Broz A. , Kalbacova M. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractWe investigate adhesion of fetal bovine serum (FBS) on diamond surfaces which have alternating H/O‐terminated surface patterns of 30 µm width prepared by hydrogen and oxygen plasma. The samples are immersed into 15% FBS in McCoy's 5A supporting medium and characterized by in situ atomic force microscopy (AFM) during 6 days of adsorption. Within the first day, 2–4 nm primary layer is formed on both H‐/O‐terminated surfaces. After 6 days, we observe 17 ± 5 nm FBS layer on O‐terminated surface and 35 ± 5 nm layer on H‐terminated surface. Adhesion of the primary and secondary layer is weaker on H‐terminated surface. We present a model of FBS protein layers on H‐/O‐terminated diamond and we discuss implications for a preferential cell growth on O‐terminated diamond. We also show that the preferential cell growth is not affected by the long‐term FBS pre‐adsorption.
Multi‐walled carbon nanotubes plastic actuator
Authors: Biso Maurizio , Ricci Davide 
Published: November 2009

AbstractCarbon nanotubes (CNTs) have electrical and mechanical properties that make them highly attractive for actuators. They have the ability to deform elastically by several percent, thus storing very large amounts of energy, thanks to their crystalline nature and to their morphology. A bimorph actuator composed of single‐walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs), polyvinylidene difluoride (PVdF) and the ionic liquid (IL) 1‐butyl 3‐methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate [BMIM][BF4] with a polymer‐supported internal IL electrolyte was previously demonstrated by Aida and coworkers. While several experiments were carried out using SWCNTs, PVdF and a number of ILs, the use of multi‐walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) instead of SWCNTs is, to our knowledge, a new result that will be presented here. Electrochemical characterizations by cyclic voltammetry (CV), and actuation tests performed applying a square wave of 4 V peak‐to‐peak at frequencies between 0.3 and 2 Hz are reported and discussed.