bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A fluid inclusion study of uranium and copper mineral systems in the Murphy Inlier, Northern Australia
Authors: Mernagh T.P. , Wygralak A.S. 
Published: November 2011

Abstract
The Palaeoproterozoic Murphy Inlier is situated at the southern end of the McArthur Basin in Northern Australia. The inlier contains over 50 uranium, copper, tin and base metal occurrences. Fluid inclusion studies were carried out on samples of quartz veining from the uranium and copper deposits as well as from the basement rocks to determine the composition of the fluids and to investigate how uranium and copper were transported in these fluids. Four types of fluid inclusions were observed in this study; Type A vapour-rich inclusions with ≥30 vol.% vapour, Type B two phase aqueous inclusion with ≤20 vol.% vapour, Type C multiphase inclusions with one or more solid phases and, Type D liquid-only inclusions.
At least three different fluids were identified in the Murphy Inlier. There is a CaCl2 ± LiCl-rich brine, a NaCl-rich brine and a low salinity fluid. The fluids can also be grouped into a high temperature (typically homogenising above 210 °C) population and a low temperature (typically homogenising below 240 °C) population. Depending on location, the high temperature fluid may be enriched in CO2, N2, or CH4. In the uranium deposits, gas-rich inclusions are dominated by CO2 indicating that these fluids are relatively oxidized, while in the copper deposits both CO2 and CH4 are present indicating that these fluids are more reduced. The low temperature population of Type B inclusions have a mode of homogenisation at 190 °C in the uranium deposits and a mode at 120 °C in the copper deposits. Similarly, Type C inclusions have a mode of homogenisation at 235 °C in the uranium deposits and 170 °C in the copper deposits.
Variations in the composition of the inclusions suggest that at least two stages of fluid mixing occurred. Firstly, there was mixing between a CaCl2 ± LiCl-rich brine and a NaCl-rich brine to produce a fluid of intermediate composition. This fluid then mixed with a low salinity fluid.
Geochemical modeling has shown that both uranium and copper can be transported in the same fluid at high fO2 and moderate to high chloride concentrations. In the proposed model for mineralisation, uranium and copper were leached from the volcanics or sediments in the McArthur Basin and were simultaneously transported in the oxidised, Na-Ca-Li-bearing saline fluids which had undergone mixing within the basin. Uranium precipitated when this fluid was reduced, either by reaction with Fe-rich mafic volcanics, carbonaceous rocks, or by mixing with a CH4-bearing, low salinity fluid derived from the basement. Copper remained in the fluid until further changes in salinity, fO2 or pH occurred, most probably as a result of mixing with lower salinity meteoric fluids. The fluid may have continued to cool to near surface temperatures as evidenced by the trapping of liquid-only fluid inclusions in some veins.
The acute effects of a pulse-containing meal on glycaemic responses and measures of satiety and satiation within and at a later meal
Authors: Mollard R. C. , Zykus A. , Luhovyy B. L. , Nunez M. F. , Wong C. L. , Anderson G. H. 
Published: November 2011

Pulses are low glycaemic foods; however, their effect on satiation is unknown. The objective was to determine the effects of an ad libitum pulse meal on food intake (FI), appetite and blood glucose (BG) before and after a test meal (4 h later) and on FI at the test meal. Males (n 24, 22·8 kg/m2) received one of four treatments or control. The pulse treatments contained pasta and tomato sauce and 44 % of energy from: (1) chickpeas, (2) lentils, (3) navy beans or (4) yellow peas. The control was pasta and tomato sauce (pasta and sauce). FI (satiation) was measured at the treatment meal (0–20 min) and at an ad libitum pizza meal 4 h later. BG and appetite were measured from 0 to 340 min. At the treatment meal, lentils led to lower FI compared to chickpeas and pasta and sauce, whereas navy beans led to lower FI compared to chickpeas. Also, lentils led to lower cumulative FI compared to pasta and sauce. All pulses led to lower BG peak and cumulative area under the curve (AUC; 0–340 min); however, only chickpeas, lentils and navy beans reduced pre-pizza meal BG AUC (0–260 min) relative to pasta and sauce. Chickpeas led to lower post-pizza meal BG AUC (260–340 min) compared to navy beans and yellow peas. Consumption of pulses in a high-glycaemic meal contributes to earlier satiation, lower BG following the meal and after a later meal, but these effects are specific to pulse type and cannot be explained by their glycaemic properties alone.
Greater sage-grouseCentrocercus urophasianusmigration links the USA and Canada: a biological basis for international prairie conservation
Authors: Tack Jason D. , Naugle David E. , Carlson John C. , Fargey Pat J. 
Published: November 2011

AbstractMigratory pathways in North American prairies are critical for sustaining endemic biodiversity. Fragmentation and loss of habitat by an encroaching human footprint has extirpated and severely truncated formerly large movements by prairie wildlife populations. Greater sage-grouseCentrocercus urophasianus, a Near Threatened landscape species requiring vast tracts of intact sagebrushArtemisiaspp., exhibit varied migratory strategies across their range in response to the spatial composition of available habitats. We unexpectedly documented the longest migratory event ever observed in sage-grouse (> 120 km one way) in 2007–2009 while studying demography of a population at the north-east edge of their range. Movements that encompassed 6,687 km2included individuals using distinct spring and summer ranges and then freely intermixing on the winter range in what is probably an obligate, annual event. The fate of greater sage-grouse in Canada is in part dependent on habitat conservation in the USA because this population spans an international border. Expanding agricultural tillage and development of oil and gas fields threaten to sever connectivity for this imperilled population. Science can help delineate high priority conservation areas but the fate of landscapes ultimately depends on international partnerships implementing conservation at scales relevant to prairie wildlife.
Conservation of endemic insular plants: the genus Ribes L. (Grossulariaceae) in Sardinia
Authors: Fenu Giuseppe , Mattana Efisio , Bacchetta Gianluigi 
Published: November 2011

AbstractOnly two members of the genus Ribes L. (Grossulariaceae) occur in Sardinia, both endemic: R. sardoum and R. multiflorum subsp. sandalioticum. R. sardoum is categorized as Critically Endangered on the IUCN Red List and R. multiflorum subsp. sandalioticum is a rare species previously known from only a few localities. Both species grow only in mountainous areas. In 2006–2010 we carried out a field survey to verify the conservation status of R. sardoum and to estimate the number of individual plants, identify threats and assess the conservation status of R. multiflorum subsp. sandalioticum. R. sardoum is threatened by grazing, its small population, low seed viability and the activities of tourists, confirming its Critically Endangered status. We found R. multiflorum subsp. sandalioticum in 13 localities, three of which are new records, with the plants in scattered groups or singly, in three populations. The threats to R. multiflorum subsp. sandalioticum are overgrazing, the small populations, habitat fragmentation and the activities of tourists. We propose that R. multiflorum subsp. sandalioticum be categorized as Endangered on the IUCN Red List. Research activities and conservation measures for this genus on Sardinia have been proposed and some conservation actions have already commenced.
Toxoplasma gondiiinfection in pregnant women in China
Authors: GAO X.-J. , ZHAO Z.-J. , HE Z.-H. , WANG T. , YANG T.-B. , CHEN X.-G. , SHEN J.-L. , WANG Y. , LV F.-L. , HIDE G. , LUN Z.-R. 
Published: November 2011

SUMMARYToxoplasmosis, caused by the protozoan parasiteToxoplasma gondii, is one of the most common parasitic infections in humans. Primary infection in pregnant women can be transmitted to the fetus leading to miscarriage or congenital toxoplasmosis. Carefully designed nationwide seroprevalence surveys and case-control studies of risk factors conducted primarily in Europe and America, have shaped our view of the global status of maternal and congenital infection, directing approaches to disease prevention. However, despite encompassing 1 in 5 of the world's population, information is limited on the status of toxoplasmosis in China, partly due to the linguistic inaccessibility of the Chinese literature to the global scientific community. By selection and analysis of studies and data, reported within the last 2 decades in China, this review summarizes and renders accessible a large body of Chinese and other literature and aims to estimate the seroprevalence in Chinese pregnant women. It also reviews the prevalence trends, risk factors, and clinical manifestations. The key findings are (1) the majority of studies show that the overall seroprevalence in Chinese pregnant women is less than 10%, considerably lower than a recently published global analysis; and (2) the few available appropriate studies on maternal acute infection suggested an incidence of 0·3% which is broadly comparable to studies from other countries.
Individualized prediction of illness course at the first psychotic episode: a support vector machine MRI study
Authors: Mourao-Miranda J. , Reinders A. A. T. S. , Rocha-Rego V. , Lappin J. , Rondina J. , Morgan C. , Morgan K. D. , Fearon P. , Jones P. B. , Doody G. A. , Murray R. M. , Kapur S. , Dazzan P. 
Published: November 2011

BackgroundTo date, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has made little impact on the diagnosis and monitoring of psychoses in individual patients. In this study, we used a support vector machine (SVM) whole-brain classification approach to predict future illness course at the individual level from MRI data obtained at the first psychotic episode.MethodOne hundred patients at their first psychotic episode and 91 healthy controls had an MRI scan. Patients were re-evaluated 6.2 years (s.d.=2.3) later, and were classified as having a continuous, episodic or intermediate illness course. Twenty-eight subjects with a continuous course were compared with 28 patients with an episodic course and with 28 healthy controls. We trained each SVM classifier independently for the following contrasts: continuous versus episodic, continuous versus healthy controls, and episodic versus healthy controls.ResultsAt baseline, patients with a continuous course were already distinguishable, with significance above chance level, from both patients with an episodic course (p=0.004, sensitivity=71, specificity=68) and healthy individuals (p=0.01, sensitivity=71, specificity=61). Patients with an episodic course could not be distinguished from healthy individuals. When patients with an intermediate outcome were classified according to the discriminating pattern episodic versus continuous, 74% of those who did not develop other episodes were classified as episodic, and 65% of those who did develop further episodes were classified as continuous (p=0.035).ConclusionsWe provide preliminary evidence of MRI application in the individualized prediction of future illness course, using a simple and automated SVM pipeline. When replicated and validated in larger groups, this could enable targeted clinical decisions based on imaging data.
The Journal of Public Policy in perspective
Authors: Rose Richard 
Published: November 2011

AbstractIn this final JPP issue from the Centre for the Study of Public Policy, I review its distinctive aim of publishing articles applying relevant concepts from the social sciences to problems facing contemporary governments. The aim is illustrated by reprinting five articles from past issues and a Symposium (1986) discussing different ways in which social science journals are edited. The articles are Bowen (1982); Weaver (1986); Rose (2002); Silvia (2004); Bruner and Abdelal (2005).
Failure recovery for wrench capability of wire-actuated parallel manipulators
Authors: Notash Leila 
Published: November 2011

SUMMARYWire-actuated parallel manipulators and their failures are studied in this paper taking into consideration their failure modes. A methodology for investigating the effect of wire/actuator failures on the force/moment capability of manipulators is presented, and the criteria for full and partial recovery from these failures are established. The methodology is also applicable for the cases that the minimum norm solution for the vector of wire tensions gives a negative value for tension by treating the corresponding wire as failed. The proposed criteria are also valid for the manipulators that utilize hybrid actuation of wires and joints. Three planar wire-actuated parallel manipulators are used as the case study to illustrate the proposed methodology and criteria.
Income Replacement in Retirement: Longitudinal Evidence from Income Tax Records
Authors: Denton Frank T. , Finnie Ross , Spencer Byron G. 
Published: November 2011

RÉSUMÉNous analysons un grand fichier de données longitudinales des déclarations de revenus pour les individus canadiens, en appliquant une procédure de détermination de la retraite, qui est basé sur le revenu d’emploi, afin de évaluer qui se sont retirés et comment ils réussissent à maintenir leurs revenus après la retraite. Cette approche méthodologique peut être d’interêt pour une application éventuelle dans d’autres pays qui ont des données appropriées. Nos principales conclusions sont les suivants. En premier, dans les deux ans qui suivent le départ en retraite, les ratios de remplacement du revenu après taxes atteignent en moyenne environ deux- tiers lorsqu’ils sont calculés sur tous les âges de départ en retraite. Deuxièmement, les ratios ont tendance à augmenter avec l’âge de la retraite. Troisièmement, les ratios augmentent avec les anneés de la retraite, du moins dans les premières années. Enfin, les ratios de remplacement du revenu sont les plus élevés pour le quartile des revenu les plus bas et diminuent généralement à mesure que le revenu augmente ; avec chaque quartile, les taux de remplacement augmentent davantage pour ceux qui ont pris leur retraite plus tard que pour ceux qui l’ont prise plus tôt.
Simulated equinoctial asymmetry of the ionospheric vertical plasma drifts
Authors: Ren Zhipeng , Wan Weixing , Xiong Jiangang , Liu Libo 
Published: November 2011

This paper studies the influence of the lower thermospheric tidal winds below 105 km on the equinoctial asymmetry of the equatorial vertical E × B plasma drifts (V⊥) using Theoretical Ionospheric Dynamo Model II of the Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (TIDM‐IGGCAS‐II) and tidal winds below 105 km from thermosphere‐ionosphere‐mesosphere‐energetics‐dynamics satellite Doppler Interferometer (TIDI) observations. Although a series of other nonmigrating tides also affect the V⊥ asymmetry, the simulated equinoctial asymmetry in V⊥ are mainly driven by the migrating diurnal tide (DW1), migrating semidiurnal tide (SW2), DE3, and DW2 nonmigrating tides. The asymmetry in daytime V⊥ varies with local time and longitude and mainly shows three features. First, the simulated daytime V⊥ during the March equinox is larger than that during the September equinox in most of longitudinal sectors. This asymmetry is mainly driven by the semiannual oscillation (SAO) of the migrating diurnal tide in the tropical mesosphere‐lower thermosphere (MLT) region, and the equinoctial asymmetry of the migrating semidiurnal tide also plays an important role in the generation of this asymmetry. Second, the daytime V⊥ asymmetry in the Eastern Hemisphere is more significant than that in the Western Hemisphere. Our simulation suggests that the longitudinal variations of the geomagnetic fields and DW2 tides play important roles in the generation of this hemisphere difference. Third, there is an obvious wave number 4 longitudinal structure in the V⊥ asymmetry. Our simulation suggests that this wave number 4 structure is mainly driven by the equinoctial asymmetry of the DE3 tide.
Limits of the Co-crystal Concept and Beyond
Authors: Coquerel Gerard 
Published: November 2011

In this chapter, views of co-crystals are broadened. Indeed, any classification has its limits and, clearly, the thermodynamics of heterogeneous equilibria can help to replace the concept of the co-crystal in a more general perspective.
Co-crystals are nothing other than intermediate compounds. Nevertheless, the concept suffers from intrinsic uncertainties due to the numerous situations in which they can occur such as the continuum between solvate and co-crystals, hybrid salt-co-crystals, multi-epitaxy and so on. It is even possible to find the same partners with simultaneously salt-like and co-crystal-like relationships in a given crystal structure. Therefore, rather than creating questionable terms and maintaining endless semantic debates with poor added value, the scientific community should concentrate more on the three long lasting problems related to intermediate compounds listed below:
1. Prediction of intermediate compounds: indeed, apart from statistical trends (e.g. racemic compounds as detailed in this chapter), there is no way to predict the existence of an intermediate compound with acceptable reliability.
2. Prediction of the attributes of these intermediate compounds: to date the connection between structures and properties is very weak despite the evident interest.
3. How to design a process to obtain those intermediate phases with a good yield and minimum side products? Moreover these processes should fulfil the specifications for the final products such as crystallinity, crystal size distribution, morphology, and so on.
These questions are really meaningful from an industrial perspective and for advancing knowledge in the organic solid state.
Great recession versus great depression: monetary, fiscal and banking policies
Authors: Alcidi Cinzia , Gros Daniel 
Published: November 2011

PurposeThis paper sets out to explore three areas in which the experience of the great depression might be relevant today: monetary policy, fiscal policy, and the systemic stability of banks.Design/methodology/approachA critical review of the US data for the 1920s and 1930s is presented and stylised facts for monetary, fiscal and banking policies during the noughties are shown and compared with those of the great depression.FindingsThe authors confirm the consensus on monetary policy: deflation and massive bank failures must be avoided. With regard to fiscal policy it is impossible to confirm a widespread opinion according to which fiscal policy did not work because it was not tried. The paper finds that fiscal policy went to the limit of what was possible under the conditions as they existed then. Policy reaction after 1932 was no less bold than that of today if one accounts for sustainability issues. Lastly, the investigation of the US banking system shows a surprising resilience of commercial banks that remained profitable, at least on average, even during the worst years.Originality/valueFirst, the paper presents a systematic comparison between the great depression and the great recession, highlighting similarities and differences. Second, it suggests a relevant policy implication. Findings on commercial bank sector resilience suggest that at present national authorities have little choice but to make up for the losses on “legacy” assets and wait for banks to earn back their capital. However, to prevent future crises, at least a partial separation of commercial and investment banking seems justified.
Once you can fake sincerity …
Authors: Marren Patrick B. 
Published: November 2011

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine a new and possibly serious problem facing marketers and business in general – the breakdown of the marriage of media and advertising, and the concurrent perceived imperative for companies to achieve “authenticity.”Design/methodology/approachEssay.FindingsThe breakdown of the advertising business model, and the rise of new, more powerful technological ways to contact customers, make it far more difficult for marketers to reach their customers without repelling them; a new way forward has not yet been found (or if it has, no one's talking).Originality/valueExamines these issues in what is hoped to be a unique way.
Avoiding measurement dogma: a response to Rossiter
Authors: Rigdon Edward E. , Preacher Kristopher J. , Lee Nick , Howell Roy D. , Franke George R. , Borsboom Denny 
Published: November 2011

PurposeThis paper aims to respond to John Rossiter's call for a “Marketing measurement revolution” in the current issue ofEJM, as well as providing broader comment on Rossiter's C‐OAR‐SE framework, and measurement practice in marketing in general.Design/methodology/approachThe paper is purely theoretical, based on interpretation of measurement theory.FindingsThe authors find that much of Rossiter's diagnosis of the problems facing measurement practice in marketing and social science is highly relevant. However, the authors find themselves opposed to the revolution advocated by Rossiter.Research limitations/implicationsThe paper presents a comment based on interpretation of measurement theory and observation of practices in marketing and social science. As such, the interpretation is itself open to disagreement.Practical implicationsThere are implications for those outside academia who wish to use measures derived from academic work as well as to derive their own measures of key marketing and other social variables.Originality/valueThis paper is one of the few to explicitly respond to the C‐OAR‐SE framework proposed by Rossiter, and presents a number of points critical to good measurement theory and practice, which appear to remain underdeveloped in marketing and social science.
The intellectual structure of the anti‐consumption and consumer resistance field
Authors: Galvagno Marco 
Published: November 2011

PurposeGiven the variety of approaches characterising the research area of anti‐consumption and consumer resistance, the purpose of this paper is to conduct a literature review to explore the structure of this interesting research domain and to better understand its origins, current state of development, and future trends.Design/methodology/approachAn author co‐citation analysis was performed using the SSCI of the Thomson‐ISI database. A sample of 48 authors was identified, and the co‐citation frequencies were analysed.FindingsThe study reveals the former and present structure of the anti‐consumption and consumer resistance field of inquiry. Two levels of analysis, five areas of interest, and nine theoretical approaches were acknowledged. These results are useful in providing future direction, particularly in terms of the research gaps and the expected topical areas of interest.Research limitations/implicationsAlthough quite rigorous, co‐citation analysis is subject to some limitations that can bias the results of the research: primarily, the inability to distinguish between good citations and bad citations.Originality/valueThe study contributes to a clear‐cut representation of the field of anti‐consumption and consumer resistance. From an academic perspective, it provides clear tools for researchers to identify potential new directions as well as to locate their work within the field. It also provides a useful approach for new researchers, as they can identify the main approaches and areas of interest. From a practical point‐of‐view, it can serve as an introduction to the field for students and managers.