bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Incidencia y complicaciones de la incompatibilidad sanguínea Rh en embarazadas
Authors: Cabrera Vera Angie Gabriela , Mora Alvarez Paola Estefanía , Lam Vivanco Adriana Mercedes , Solano Maza Luigi Oscar , Alvarado Cáceres Jesica , Zambrano Cabrera Cristian 
Published: May 2024

La incompatibilidad sanguínea en las mujeres embarazadas es un problema a nivel mundial, que se caracteriza por presentar tipo de sangre Rh negativo en la gestante y Rh positivo del feto. Esta condición deriva complicaciones en la gestante y el feto, siendo las más frecuentes en el feto como la ictericia, anemia hemolítica, hiperbilirrubinemia y en casos desfavorables puede producir hidropesía fetal y/o la muerte fetal. En el caso de las gestantes se puede presentar anemia, a causa de un aborto espontaneo. La incompatibilidad sanguínea es detectada por medio del ensayo clínico de Coombs Indirecto, la cual permite la detección de anticuerpos presentes en la sangre (suero) de la gestante. Estos anticuerpos destruyen los eritrocitos del feto provocando efectos sensibilizantes. Por lo que es recomendable la inmunoprofilaxis mediante el uso de la vacuna inmunoglobulina anti-D, con el propósito de reducir la generación de anticuerpos que atacan a los eritrocitos del feto. El objetivo general de la investigación es determinar la incidencia de la incompatibilidad sanguínea en mujeres embarazadas, mediante ensayo clínico de la prueba Coombs indirecto en el Hospital Obstétrico Ángela Loayza de Ollague del cantón Santa Rosa desde el año 2021 al 2023, para la prevención de eventos sensibilizantes en las gestantes. Dentro del marco teórico se colocó información de autores que hacen referencia a la incompatibilidad sanguínea materno-fetal. La metodología fue de tipo descriptiva, retroprospectiva y prospectiva, utilizando criterios de inclusión y exclusión para la determinación del tamaño de la muestra (Población). Para el análisis de los resultados y la obtención de tablas y gráficos se utilizó Jamovi. El 97% de las gestantes se realizaron la prueba de Coombs indirecto, el 46.33% tuvieron incompatibilidad sanguínea. En el caso de las manifestaciones clínicas de las gestantes el 38.9% presentaron anemia durante el embarazo. Por último, la complicación en el recién nacido se obtuvo con mayor prevalencia la ictericia con el 25.33%.
The Population of Massive Stars in Active Galactic Nuclei Disks
Authors: Chen Yi-Xian , Lin Douglas N. C. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Gravitational instability in the outskirts of active galactic nuclei (AGN) disks leads to disk fragmentation and formation of ∼300 M
⊙ supermassive stars with potentially long lifetimes. Alternatively, stars can be captured ex situ and grow from gas accretion in the AGN disk. However, the number density distribution throughout the disk is limited by thermal feedback as their luminosities provide the dominant heating source. We derive equilibrium stellar surface density profiles under two limiting contexts: in the case where the stellar lifetimes are prolonged, due to the recycling of hydrogen-rich disk gas, only the fraction of gas converted into heat is removed from the disk accretion flow. Alternatively, if stellar composition recycling is inefficient and stars can evolve off the main sequence, the disk accretion rate is quenched toward smaller radii resembling a classical starburst disk, albeit the effective removal rate depends not only on the stellar lifetime, but also the mass of stellar remnants. For AGNs with central supermassive black hole masses of ∼106–108
M
⊙ accreting at ∼0.1 Eddington efficiency, we estimate a total number of 103–105 massive stars and the rate of stellar mergers to be 10−3 to 1 yr−1. We initiate the detailed study of the interaction between a swarm of massive stars through hydro and N-body simulations to provide better prescriptions of dynamical processes in AGN disks, and to constrain more accurate estimates of the stellar population.
The impact of CYP2C19 genotypes on steady-state plasma concentration of escitalopram in South Indian population with Major Depressive Disorder
Authors: Kumar B. Jeevan , Thangavel Mahalingam Vijayakumar , Kumar M Ganesh 
Published: May 2024

Background: Among depressed patients, escitalopram plasma levels differed between those who were considered as extensive metabolizers and poor metabolizers of CYP2C19. However, the majority of research utilized the dose-response relationship. Consequently, we investigated the effect of variations in the CYP2C19 gene on the levels of drug in the bloodstream of individuals suffering from Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) in south India.
Methods: A total of 109 individuals with MDD who were prescribed escitalopram at doses of 5, 10, 15, or 20 mg daily participated in this research. We used HPLC with SPD-10AVP UV-Visible detector to measure the escitalopram concentrations in the blood. The polymorphisms of the CYP2C19 were determined by employing the PCR techniques.
Results: Our study found that 55% of the subjects were intermediate metabolizers, followed by extensive (19.3%), poor (17.4%), and ultra-rapid (8.3%). The significant correlation is identified between the steady state plasma concentration and Sex with (P - Value &lt; 0.05), insignificant correlation was seen in Age and BMI with (P - Value &gt; 0.05). The majority of gene variants seen in the study population were CYP2C19*1/*2, accounting for 49 individuals (44.9%).
Conclusion: These findings showed that sex had a substantial impact on the CYP2C19 genetic variation. Medication administration to individuals with CYP2C19PM requires special caution.
Biodegradable material for glaucoma drainage devices – A pilot study in rabbits
Authors: Singh Simar Rajan , Pandav Surinder Singh , Kaushik Sushmita , Nada Ritambhra , Gautam Natasha , Kaur Savleen , Thattaruthody Faisal 
Published: May 2024

Purpose:
To study the morphological and histological characteristics of the fibrous capsule formed around a novel biodegradable glaucoma drainage device (GDD) implant made of oxidized regenerated cellulose (ORC) after 1 and 3 months of its implantation.

Methods:
It was a prospective, interventional, preclinical experimental study using New Zealand white rabbits. All animals underwent GDD implantation with a novel biodegradable device. The device’s body was made of ORC and attached to a silicone tube, connecting the body to the anterior chamber. Histopathology (hematoxylin and eosin/Masson’s trichrome staining) and immunohistochemistry (Alpha-Smooth Muscle Actin expression) characteristics of the bleb formed around the novel device were noted at 1 and 3 months.

Results:
One month post implantation, the biodegradable material produced a significant foreign body type of reaction evidenced by the exuberant infiltration by macrophages, lymphocytes, and multinucleated giant cells. The granulomatous response subsided by 3 months with disorganized collagen deposition on Masson’s trichrome staining. The silicone tube was an internal control, and histopathology demonstrated well-organized collagen deposition around it at 3 months. Immunohistochemistry for α-smooth muscle actin also demonstrated more myofibroblast transformation at the site of the tube than the biodegradable implant.

Conclusions:
Our results indicate that the tissue response around a biodegradable GDD was different from the response to conventional devices. A diffuse, loose vascularized mesh was observed to develop, which may be more compatible with sustained IOP control over a longer period, in contrast to the usual thick and dense capsule formed around the non-biodegradable devices.
Pulp oxygen saturation measurement as a diagnostic tool for assessing pulp status in primary teeth
Authors: Saikiran Kanamarlapudi Venkata , Gurunathan Deepa , Elicherla Sainath Reddy , Mallineni Sreekanth Kumar , Nuvvula Sivakumar 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT

Objectives:
This study aimed to determine the mean oxygen saturation values (SpO2) in primary teeth using pulse oximetry.

Materials and Methods:
This comprehensive literature search on pulse oximeter used for primary teeth in determining pulp vitality using MeSH terms in four electronic databases, including PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Library, and OvidSP, from January 1990 to January 2022. Studies reported the sample size and the mean SpO2 values (with standard deviations) for each tooth group were included. The quality assessment of all the included studies was done using the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies-2 tool and the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. The meta-analysis included studies reporting means and standard deviations of SpO2 values. The I
2 statistics were used to determine the degree of heterogeneity among the studies.

Results:
A total of 90 studies were identified, of which five met the eligibility criteria that were qualified for the systematic review, and among them, three were included in the meta-analysis. All five included studies were of low quality due to the high risk of bias related to the patient selection, index test, and uncertainties about outcome valuation. In the meta-analysis, the mean fixed-effect measure of oxygen saturation in the pulp of primary teeth was 88.45% (confidence interval: 83.97%–92.93%).

Conclusion:
Though most of the available studies were of poor quality, the SpO2 in the healthy pulp can be established (minimum saturation, 83.48%) in primary teeth. Reference values established might help clinicians to assess changes in pulp status.
Spectrum of endoscopic findings in patients with Helicobacter pylori infection in a Nigerian tertiary institution
Authors: Itam-Eyo Asa Eyo , Kooffreh-Ada Mbang , Chukwudike Evaristus , Okonkwo Uchenna , Ngim Ogbu , Udoh Ubong , Ikobah Joanah , Uhegbu Kelechi , Emmanuel Ugbong , Aniekan Essien , Ndoma-Egba Rowland , Eko Benedicta , Effiong Esther 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background and Objectives:

Helicobacter pylori is a widely prevalent infection considered a significant public health challenge. Nigeria has the highest worldwide H. pylori prevalence. It is a notable cause of gastric cancer; thus, prompt diagnosis and treatment are required for eradication. The study aimed to determine the spectrum of endoscopic findings in patients with H. pylori infection at the University of Calabar Teaching Hospital.

Materials and Methods:
This was a retrospective cross-sectional study over a 4-year period on dyspeptic patients who presented at the hospital. Diagnosis of H. pylori infection was made through non-invasive techniques and patients who tested positive for H. pylori and were further assessed with upper gastrointestinal endoscopy were included in the study. A descriptive analysis of the data obtained was carried out using SPSS version 20.

Results:
One hundred and twenty-nine patients tested positive for H. pylori infection (46%) out of the two hundred and eighty dyspeptic patients evaluated during the period under study. However, only fifty-two (52) out of 129 dyspeptic patients who tested positive for H. pylori had upper gastrointestinal endoscopy and thus met the inclusion criteria. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy revealed predominantly gastritis 37 (71.15%). This was followed by esophagitis in two (7.7%), duodenal ulcer two (3.8%), gastric ulcer three (5.8%), gastro-duodenitis four (7.7%), and gastric malignancy in two (3.8%) patients.

Conclusion:
Our study revealed that gastritis was the predominant endoscopic finding in patients with H. pylori infection. This finding is particularly significant because of the risk of development of gastric cancer in these patients from recurrent episodes of gastritis following late diagnosis and inappropriate treatment.
Metastatic ovarian cancer presenting as multiple hepatic cysts and paraneoplastic manifestation
Authors: Dayar Dauda Ayuba , Raheem Yusuf Abiola , Yerima Abubakar , Mohammed Lawan , Zarami Abba B 
Published: May 2024

Background:
Metastatic ovarian diseases are often found on the peritoneal surfaces including the liver, bowel, bladder, and uterus. Recent studies showed liver metastases as the most common presentation of stage-IV disease in patients with epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). Paraneoplastic syndromes in ovarian cancers may be associated with rheumatologic disorders like polymyositis due to autoimmune mechanisms.

Case Presentation:
We report a case of a 61-year-old postmenopausal woman who presented with a 2-month history of progressive right hypochondrial swelling and pain, with progressive weight loss and weakness of the limbs. Examination revealed tender hepatomegaly with proximal muscle weakness. Abdominopelvic computed tomography (CT) scan revealed enlarged liver with multiple cystic lesions and right adnexal mass. CA125 and creatine kinase were elevated and ultrasound scan (USS)-guided trucut biopsy of both the hepatic and adnexal masses revealed papillary cystadenocarcinoma.

Conclusion:
We, therefore, concluded that the diagnosis in our patient is metastatic ovarian cancer to the liver with paraneoplastic phenomenon of polymyositis.
Drug Susceptibility and Mutation Profiles in Mycobacterium tuberculosis Isolates from a Tertiary Care Hospital in Kerala, India
Authors: Suresh Parasmal , Thulasidharan Swathy , Kumar Anil , Sunil Sunisha , Roy Maria , Ramesh Varsha P. , Biswas Raja , Kunoor Akhilesh , Biswas Lalitha 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT.
The rising prevalence of drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) strains poses a significant challenge to global tuberculosis (TB) control efforts. This study aimed to analyze drug resistance patterns and investigate the molecular characteristics of 193 MTB clinical isolates to shed light on the mechanisms of drug resistance. Of the 193 MTB clinical isolates, 28.5% (n = 53) exhibited mono-drug or multidrug resistance. Pyrazinamide mono-drug resistance (PZAr) was the most prevalent (17%, n = 33), followed by isoniazid mono-drug resistance (3.6%, n = 7). Rifampicin resistance was associated with mutations in the rpoB gene (D435Y, D435V, S450L, L452P). Isoniazid resistance mutations were found in the katG (S315T), inhA (C[-15] T), and ndh (R268H) genes, whereas ethambutol resistance mutations were observed in the embB gene (M306V, M306I, M306L, G406S, Q497R). Surprisingly, 94% of PZAr isolates (n = 31) showed no mutations in the pncA or rpsA genes. The presence of the R268H mutation in the ndh gene, not previously linked to PZAr, was detected in 15% of PZAr isolates (n = 5), suggesting its potential contribution to PZAr in specific cases but not as a predominant mechanism. The specific molecular mechanisms underlying PZAr in the majority of the isolates remain unknown, emphasizing the need for further research to uncover the contributing factors. These findings contribute to the understanding of drug resistance patterns and can guide future efforts in TB control and management.
ATHLETES’ SATISFACTION TOWARDS SPORT TRAINING: AN INITIAL INVESTIGATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF QUESTIONNAIRE
Authors: Prabowo Trisnar Adi 
Published: May 2024

<p>This study aims to investigate and develop a questionnaire to measure athletes’ satisfaction towards sports training. This quantitative research used a structural equating modeling (SEM) approach with the help of Smart-PLS. The population of this study consisted of athletes from Yogyakarta Province, Riau Province, and South Kalimantan Province. The sample was 806 athletes from 27 sports (Table 1) who will compete at the National Sports Week (PON) 2024. PON is a multi-event tournament held every four years in Indonesia, so athletes who will compete have high experience and performance. Athletes who participated in this research were aged 22.6±8.3 years, and they had 10.3±4.7 years of training experience. Instrument preparation is done by reviewing the literature and focus group discussions (FGD) involving sports coaching lecturers and nationally licensed coaches. The results of this study are that the outer loading value is &gt;0.7, and the discriminant validity value (Fornell-Larcker Criteria) is &gt;0.7. Cronbach Alpha Reliability and Composite Reliability also showed &gt; 0.7. Goodness of Fit (GoF) shows an SRMR value of 0.076&lt;0.10 or &lt;0.08, so the model fits the data. The predictive relevance test or Q Square is 0.9&gt;0, so this study has a good observation value. Based on the results, the questionnaire consisted of 16 items divided into four dimensions (Appendix 1), namely the dimensions of training quality, mental and emotional health, competitive performance, and competitive experience. In conclusion, a questionnaire can measure athletes’ satisfaction towards sports training. From the results of this study, it is recommended that athletes’ sports training satisfaction variable be tested on indirect influences as mediating or intervening variables. It can also be used as a variable that strengthens or weakens (moderator). Then, it is combined with other independent and dependent variables in management, psychology, society, education, and sports. So that in the future, it can produce more comprehensive research.</p><p> </p><p><strong> Article visualizations:</strong></p><p><img src="/-counters-/soc/0711/a.php" alt="Hit counter" /></p>
Սերվիսային ռոբոտների դերը համաշխարհային շուկայում
Authors: Պողոսյան Ռիմա 
Published: May 2024

Հոդ­վա­ծում ներ­կա­յաց­վում են ռո­բոտ­նե­րի դա­սա­կարգ­ման հնա­րա­վոր մո­տե­ցում­նե­րը և դ­րանց կի­րառ­ման շրջա­նակ­նե­րը: Ռո­բո­տա­շի­նութ­յան շու­կան լայն ի­մաս­տով բա­ժա­նե­լով արդ­յու­նա­բե­րա­կան և սեր­վի­սա­յին ռո­բո­տա­շի­նութ­յան՝ տես­նում ենք, որ ար­տադ­րա­կան ռո­բո­տա­շի­նութ­յու­նը կազ­մում է հա­մաշ­խար­հա­յին ռո­բո­տա­շի­նութ­յան շու­կա­յի գե­րակշ­ռող մա­սը, ար­դեն եր­կար տա­րի­ներ գրան­ցում է կա­յուն աճ: Իսկ ինչ վե­րա­բե­րում է սեր­վի­սա­յին ռո­բո­տա­շի­նութ­յա­նը, կա­րող ենք փաս­տել, որ վեր­ջին տա­րի­նե­րին այս ո­լոր­տում նկատ­վում է սրը­թաց աճ: Դա պա­յա­մա­նա­վոր­ված է անձ­նա­կան սեր­վի­սա­յին ռո­բոտ­նե­րի նոր տա­րա­տե­սակ­նե­րի ստեղծ­մամբ և տա­րած­մամբ, ո­րոնք կի­րառ­վում են մարդ­կանց ա­ռօր­յա կյան­քում՝ այն դարձ­նե­լով ա­վե­լի հեշտ: Այս ի­մաս­տով կա­րե­լի է ա­ռանձ­նաց­նել ռո­բոտ-փո­շե­կուլ­նե­րը, խո­հա­նո­ցա­յին ռո­բոտ­նե­րը, ռո­բոտ-խնա­մա­կալ­նե­րը (տա­րեց­նե­րի կամ հաշ­ման­դամ­նե­րի հա­մար) և­ այն: Իսկ ինչ վե­րա­բե­րում է պրո­ֆե­սիո­նալ սեր­վի­սա­յին ռո­բո­տա­շի­նութ­յա­նը, կա­րե­լի է նշել, որ այս ո­լոր­տի զար­գաց­ման խթան դար­ձավ նաև կո­րո­նա­վի­րու­սա­յին հա­մա­ճա­րա­կի պատ­ճա­ռով ար­գելք­նե­րի և մե­կու­սաց­ման պայ­մա­նը: Այս պա­րա­գա­յում ա­ռաջ ե­կավ, օ­րի­նակ, խա­նութ­նե­րում ռո­բոտ-խորհր­դա­տու­նե­րի կամ սնունդ և դե­ղո­րայք տե­ղա­փո­խող ռո­բոտ-ա­ռա­քիչ­նե­րի անհ­րա­ժեշ­տութ­յու­նը: Այս մի­տու­մը շա­րու­նակ­վեց նույ­նիսկ հա­մա­ճա­րա­կը հաղ­թա­հա­րե­լուց հե­տո:
Towards a Greener Future: Scaling Up Agroforestry for Global Sustainability
Authors: Verma Kamlesh , Sharma Prashant , Bhardwaj Daulat Ram , Sharma Vaishali , Thakur Pankaj 
Published: May 2024

The current world faces several challenges, including climate change, an exponentially increasing population, the loss of biodiversity and environmental concerns which necessities the adoption of the sustainable nature-based solutions such as agroforestry. Agroforestry is the intricate integration of trees, crops, and livestock on the same piece of land management unit that helps to restore the ecosystem, improve soil health, thus combating the environmental degradation. Moreover, agroforestry has also emerged as a potential tool that bridges the ecological preservation, while increasing or at least maintaining the productivity of the whole agroecosystem. Agroforestry is a contemporary food system that relies primarily on natural inputs, leading to the creation of more sustainable and resilient landscapes. Simultaneously, agroforestry systems reduce the soil erosion, and increases the accumulation of organic matter, hence established a closed nutrient cycling which sustain the agricultural production for longer duration. Simultaneously, agroforestry systems are effective in enhancing food security, diversifying farm income and strengthening the resilience of community to climate change thus empower the farmers and provide an opportunity to combat poverty. However, there are numerous constraints including clear land tenure rights, market infrastructure and linkage, and lack of the traditional knowledge which influenced the adoption of agroforestry systems at global level. This immediately need to be addressed by implementing flexible legislation (such as National Agroforestry Policy 2014 adopted by India), capacity building and community involvement, value chain development and payment for ecosystem services. Overall, it is crucial to adopt low-carbon perennial agroecological practices like agroforestry in order to increase the CO2 abatement rate, improve the food, nutritional and livelihood security of smallholder farmers and contribute to a more environmental friendly and sustainable future.

Received: 17 January 2024 | Revised: 17 April 2024 | Accepted: 16 May 2024

Conflicts of Interest
The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest to this work.

Data Availability Statement
Data sharing is not applicable to this article as no new data were created or analyzed in this study
Mental health management in healthcare organizations: Challenges and strategies - a review
Authors: Samira Abdul  , Ehizogie Paul Adeghe  , Bisola Oluwafadekemi Adegoke  , Adebukola Adejumoke Adegoke  , Emem Henry Udedeh  
Published: May 2024

This research delves into the nuanced realm of mental health management within healthcare organizations, addressing challenges and unveiling transformative strategies. The study underscores the critical importance of integrating mental health into broader healthcare policies by examining the multifaceted role of training, education, technology, and interdisciplinary collaboration. Successful training initiatives empower healthcare professionals, reduce stigma, and enhance collaboration, contributing to a mental health-literate workforce. Technology, including telehealth and innovative solutions, acts as a catalyst, overcoming barriers and ushering in a new era of accessibility. Interdisciplinary collaboration fosters holistic care, while the future direction involves comprehensive research, policy integration, and technological innovation. In conclusion, a proactive and inclusive approach is crucial for shaping a healthcare ecosystem where mental health thrives and is central to holistic patient care.
Keywords: Mental Health Management, Healthcare Organizations, Training and Education, Policy Integration.