bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: Imidazoline‐4‐thiones from Cyanothioformamides and Aldehyde Imines: Formation, Aromatization, and Acetylation.
Authors: El‐Sharief Ahmed M. Sh. , Ketcham Roger , Ries Monika , Schaumann Ernst , Adiwidjaja Gunadi 
Published: August 2010

AbstractThe reaction of cyanothioformamides (I) with acetaldimine (II) gives rise to the desired imidazoline‐4‐thiones (III) in low yields, whilst the analogous reaction with benzaldimines (VII) is accompanied by Schiff base formation and oxidative aromatization leading to disulfides (VIII).
ChemInform Abstract: Microwave‐Assisted Synthesis of Novel 4‐N,N‐Dimethylamino‐ and 4‐Cycloamino‐Substituted 1,2,4‐Triazole‐3‐thiones.
Authors: Gobis Katarzyna , Foks Henryk 
Published: August 2010

AbstractBoth thermal and microwave‐assisted reactions between benzhydrazides (I) and methyl dithiocarbazates (II) are strongly influenced by several factors and no general method can be applied.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Some New N‐[4‐Acetyl‐4,5‐dihydro‐5‐ (1‐aryl‐5‐methyl‐1H‐1,2,3‐triazol‐4‐yl)‐5‐methyl‐1,3,4‐thiadiazol‐2‐yl] acetamide Derivatives
Authors: Wang Hui‐Cheng , Li Rong‐Shan , Dong Hong‐Ru , Dong Heng‐Shan 
Published: August 2010

Abstractvia condensation of thiosemicarbazides (V) with Ac2O (10 examples)
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Anticonvulsant Activity of 4‐Oxo and 4‐Thioxo‐8‐bromobenzopyran Derivatives.
Authors: Ragab Fatma Abd El‐Fattah , Hassan Ghaneya Sayed , Abu Yossef Hanan Al‐Sayed , Yahya Tawfeek Ahmed Ali , Abd El‐Latif Hekma A. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractSome of the synthesized compounds show anticonvulsant activity higher than sodium valoproate.
ChemInform Abstract: A “Turn‐on” Coumarin‐Based Fluorescent Sensor with High Selectivity for Mercury Ions in Aqueous Media
Authors: Voutsadaki Styliani , Tsikalas George K. , Klontzas Emmanuel , Froudakis George E. , Katerinopoulos Haralambos E. 
Published: August 2010

Abstractsynthesis and spectral profile of (I)
ChemInform Abstract: Tandem Michael Addition/Imino‐Nitrile Cyclization Synthesis of 2‐Amino‐6‐ (1‐aryl‐5‐methyl‐1H‐1,2,3‐triazol‐4‐yl) ‐4‐phenylpyridine‐3‐carbonitrile.
Authors: Dong Heng‐Shan , Wang Hui‐Cheng , Gao Zhong‐Lian , Li Rong‐Shan , Cui Fu‐Hong 
Published: August 2010

AbstractThe crystal structure of compound (IVc) is established by X‐ray diffraction.
ChemInform Abstract: Efficient Asymmetric α‐Oxyamination of Aldehydes by Resin‐Supported Peptide Catalyst in Aqueous Media.
Authors: Akagawa Kengo , Fujiwara Takuma , Sakamoto Seiji , Kudo Kazuaki 
Published: August 2010

AbstractIt is crucial that the catalyst contains polyleucine to effectively catalyze the title reaction.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Properties of Dicarboximide Derivatives of Perylene and Azaperylene.
Authors: Nagao Yukinori , Yoshida Tatsurou , Arimitsu Koji , Kozawa Kozo 
Published: August 2010

AbstractThe palladium‐catalyzed heterocoupling of stannylnapthalenedicarboximides (VI) with isoquinoline bromide (V) and naphthyl bromide and subsequent ring‐cyclization using a complex base reagent yields the azaperylene‐, and perylenedicarboximides (VIII) and (X), resp..
ChemInform Abstract: Synthetic Studies Connected with the Preparation of N‐[3‐(3‐Cyanopyrazolo[1,5‐a]pyrimidin‐5‐yl)phenyl]‐N‐ethylacetamide, a Zaleplon Regioisomer.
Authors: Radl Stanislav , Blahovcova Michaela , Tkadlecova Marcela , Havlicek Jaroslav 
Published: August 2010

Abstract3 approaches towards the synthesis of isozaleplon (III), a principal impurity of zaleplon, are undertaken.
ChemInform Abstract: A Simple and Practical Approach to the Dibenzo[c,f]thiazolo[3,2‐a]azepines: A Novel Fused Tetracyclic Azepine System.
Authors: Palma Alirio , Galeano Nelson , Bahsas Ali 
Published: August 2010

AbstractThe straightforward synthesis allows the successful extension of the classical cyclocondensation of an imine with mercaptoacetic acid to the synthesis of the title compounds which are investigated as potential anxiolytic and anti‐parasitic agents.
ChemInform Abstract: Rhodium‐Catalyzed Alkenylation of Nitriles via Silicon‐Assisted C—CN Bond Cleavage.
Authors: Kita Yusuke , Tobisu Mamoru , Chatani Naoto 
Published: August 2010

AbstractA wide range of aryl and heteroaryl nitriles is undergoing the reaction with triethylvinylsilane (II) to afford the mixtures of the alkenylated and silylated products (III) and (IV).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis, Crystal Structure, and Herbicidal Activity of Pyrimidinyl Benzylamine Analogues Containing a Phosphonyl Group.
Authors: Tang Wu , Yu Zhi‐Hua , Shi De‐Qing 
Published: August 2010

AbstractTitle compounds (VI) and (VIII) are synthesized via Mannich‐type reactions of aldehyde (III), dialkyl or triphenyl phosphites and aromatic amines.
ChemInform Abstract: A New Bridge in [2.2]Cyclophanes: The Addition of Se2Cl2 to Pseudogeminally Substituted Bispropargylic Alcohols.
Authors: Birsa M. Lucian , Hopf Henning 
Published: August 2010

AbstractThe title reaction provides a mixture of the expected diselenides (III) along with monoselenides and triselenides.
ChemInform Abstract: Tellurium‐Containing Heterocycles. Part 27. 2‐Substituted Isotellurochromenium Salt Derivatives: Preparations, Structures, Spectroscopic Properties.
Authors: Sashida Haruki , Nakabayashi Shoko , Kaname Mamoru , Minoura Mao 
Published: August 2010

AbstractIsotellurochromenium salt derivatives [(III), (V), and (VII)] and dihalogenoisotellurochromenes (VIII) are synthesized starting from isotellurochromenes (I).
ChemInform Abstract: Deprotonative Metalation of Ferrocenes Using Mixed Lithium—Zinc and Lithium—Cadmium Combinations.
Authors: Dayaker Gandrath , Sreeshailam Aare , Chevallier Floris , Roisnel Thierry , Krishna Palakodety Radha , Mongin Florence 
Published: August 2010

AbstractA mixed lithium‐cadmium amide and a combination of lithium and zinc amides are reacted with a range of ferrocenes.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective Assembly of the Benzo[d]xanthene Tetracyclic Core of Antiinfluenza Active Natural Products.
Authors: Ngoc Duc Tran , Albicker Martin , Schneider Lorenz , Cramer Nicolai 
Published: August 2010

AbstractThe combination of an enantioselective conjugate addition/alkylation sequence to give the alkylated ketones (V) and a ruthenium‐catalyzed domino cyclization of the phenol (XIII) opens a concise access to benzo[d]xanthenes.
ChemInform Abstract: Total Synthesis of PDE‐II by Copper‐Mediated Double Amination.
Authors: Okano Kentaro , Mitsuhashi Nakako , Tokuyama Hidetoshi 
Published: August 2010

AbstractNatural product PDE‐II (IV) is prepared via an efficient copper‐catalyzed transformation of tetrahydroisoquinoline (II) into pyrroloindole (III) as key step.
ChemInform Abstract: Gymnastatins I—K, Cancer Cell Growth Inhibitors from a Sponge‐Derived Gymnascella dankaliensis.
Authors: Amagata Taro , Takigawa Keiko , Minoura Katsuhiko , Numata Atsushi 
Published: August 2010

AbstractGymnastatins I (I), J (II), and K (III) are isolated from the sponge‐derived title fungus.
ChemInform Abstract: Ralph F. Hirschmann Award Address 2009: Merger of Organic Chemistry with Peptide Diversity
Authors: Meldal Morten , Tornoee Christian W. , Nielsen Thomas E. , Diness Frederik , Le Quement Sebastian T. , Christensen Christian A. , Jensen Jakob Feldthusen , Worm‐Leonhard Kasper , Groth Thomas , Bouakaz Lamine , et al. et al. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractReview: 65 refs.
Eine kritisch‐taxonomische Übersicht der in Europa wildwachsenden Eschen‐Arten und deren Unterarten
Authors: Kárpáti Z. E. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractDie Gattung Fraxinus ist in Europa in 2 Sektionen vertreten, nämlich die Sektion Ornus mit gut entwickeltem Perianth durch die Art F. ornus L., die Sektion Fraxinus (= Fraxinaster) durch 6 wildwachsenden Arten, die keine Blütenhülle besitzen. F. excelsior ist die verbreitetste Art, die in den westlichen Teilen Europas in 2 Ökotypen (Wassereeche, Kalkesche) vorkommt. In der Hinsicht der Unterscheidung, Bewertung und Absonderung der weiteren ähnlichen Arten sind dagegen viele Widersprüche und Unsicherheiten in der Literatur anzutreffen.Nach der eingehenden Untersuchung der Arten stellte sich heraus, daß für die Unterscheidung Blütenstandsmerkmale maßgebend sind.Bei den Arten F. excelsior, F. oxycarpa und F. coriariifolia ist die Infloreszenz zusammengesetzt, also eine Rispe (Sect. Paniclatae), bei den Arten F. angustifolia, F. pallisae und F. syriaca hingegen einfach, daher eine Traube (Sect. Racemosae).Der Ökotyp „Wasseresche”︁ der F. excelsior kommt im pannonischen Raum und ostwärts nicht vor, hier wird der Typ durch F. angustifolia ssp. pannonica vertreten.In der Literatur wird F. oxycarpa mit F. angustifolia oft verwechselt, ferner wird F. coriariifolia mit F. pallisae verwechselt. Nach dem obengesagten handelt es sich um ähnliche Arten, die jedoch zu verschiedenen Sektionen gehören.
Patellaria: A new genus in the Chenopodiaceae
Authors: Williams J. T. , Scott A. J. , Ford‐Lloyd B. V. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractComparative taxonomic studies within the genus Beta have shown that the section Patellares is distinct and should be regarded as a new genus, Patellaria, with the type Patellaria webbiana. The transference of Beta patellaris to this genus requires a new specific name, P. cordata.
Securigera securidaca (L.) Degen et Dörfler—eine Spezies der Gattung Coronilla L
Authors: Schmidt Bärbel 
Published: August 2010

AbstractCoronilla securidaca L. wurde auf Grund der stark abgeflachten und scheinbar ungegliederten Hülsen, die bei der Reife nicht zerbrechen, von Degen & Dörfler (1897) als Securigera securidaca von der Gattung Coronilla abgetrennt. Wesentliche Merkmale aus dem Bereich der Ontogenese der Fruchtbildung und weitere Differenzierungsmerkmale im vegetativen und generativen Bereich weisen jedoch auf die Zugehörigkeit zur Gattung Coronilla L. hin. Die Stellung innerhalb der Gattung wird erläutert.
Ergebnisse der Expedition von Wissenschaftlern der Akademie der Wissenschaften Kubas und der DDR zur Isla de Pinos (Kuba) 1975
Authors: Schubert R. , Helmecke K. , Kruse J. , Risco E. Del , Capote R. , Vandama R. , Oviedo R. , Vilamajo E. , Menendez L. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractDie Einführung in die natürlichen Gegebenheiten sowie in die Vegetationsverhältnisse der Isla de Pions (Kuba) erfolgte in Teil I. Im vorliegenden Aufsatz werden die Kiefernwälder (Pinares) der Insel näher vorgestellt. Sie sind drei Assoziationen zuzuordnen: Paepalantho‐Pinetum auf den ärmsten, Pinetum tropicalis auf etwas nährstoffreicheren, aber trockenen und Pinetum caribaeae auf nährstoffreicheren und frischeren Standorten. Die unterschiedliche Artenzusammensetzung der Kiefernwälder wird durch die veränderten Umweltbedingungen (Temperatur, Feuchte) bedingt, was am Beispiel zweier ausgewählter Untersuchungspunkte dargestellt wird. Von den genannten Pflanzengesellschaften wurden früher weite Teile der Insel eingenommen, die heute zum großen Teil landwirtschaftliche Nutzflächen sind (Citrus‐Plantagen). Die wenigen Reste von Kiefernwäldern im Bereich der tertiären Sande sowie mehrere ausgewählte Bergzüge aus quarzitischem Material, die charakteristische Kiefernwälder tragen, werden als Naturschutzgebiete vorgeschlagen.
Carpology of the species of type subgenus of the genus Ferula and some problems of their systematics
Authors: Safina L. K. , Pimenov M. G. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractThe anatomical structure of the fruits of 16 species of Ferula belonging to the type subgenus have been investigated. The type of this genus — F. communis — and some closely related mediterranean species differ considerably in their carpological characters (the number of vascular bundles in the marginal ribs, the peculiarities of mesocarp sclerification, the organization of secretory system) from the middle‐asiatic ferulas which have been referred by E. P. KOROVIN to the type subgenus. The asiatic species in their turn form a few (at least four) different groups, which may be characterized by complex of carpoanatomical characters. Several species of subgenus Ferula in these characters are closer to some taxa of another subgenera then to each other. Thus the type subgenus of the genus Ferula in its contemporary treatment is not a natural taxon.
Nomenklatorische Studien bei Höheren Pilzen II. Porlinge (Polyporales s. lat.)
Authors: Rauschert R. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractEinige auf Grund der Beschlüsse des 13. Internationalen Botanischen Kongresses in Sydney 1981, vor allem wegen der Zurückverlegung des nomenklatorischen Startpunktes für Pilze auf LINNAEUS 1753, sich ergebende nomenklatorische Änderungen (Änderungen von Pilznamen oder Autorzitaten) für Porlinge (Polyporales s. lat.) werden ausführlich diskutiert und begründet.
Taxonomic value of the petiole anatomy in the genus Sida L. (Malvaceae) in Nigeria With 8 Figures and one Table
Authors: Olatunji O. A. , Bakare O. A. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractThe petiole anatomy of the species of Sida was studied and compared. The presence of collateral vascular bundles arranged in a circle was found to be a common character within the genus. Moreover, the number of collateral bundles found in the species grouped the species of Sida into three. The anatomical characters of the petiole indicate close inter‐relationship within the genus.
Ruderalvegetation im Tiefland der Unteren Wolga
Authors: Golub V. B. , Kuzmina E. V. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractCharakterisiert werden Ruderalgesellschaften der Klassen Chenopodietea BR.‐BL. 1951 em. LOHM., J. & R. TX. ex MATUSZK. 1962, Polygono‐Artemisietea austriacae MIRK., SAKH. et SOLM. in MIRK, et al. 1986, Juncetea maritimi BR.‐BL. 1931 (Asteretea tripolium WESTHOFF et BEEFTINK 1962 in BEEFTINK 1962) im Tiefland der Unteren Wolga. Ein neuer Unterverband und sechs neue Assoziationen werden festgestellt und beschrieben. Es folgen eine Charakteristik der ökologischen Bedingungen sowie der floristischen Zusammensetzung der Ruderalgesellschaften im Tiefland der Unteren Wolga.
Implications of copy number variation in people with chromosomal abnormalities: potential for greater variation in copy number state may contribute to variability of phenotype
Authors: de Smith Adam J. , Trewick Anne L. , Blakemore Alexandra I. F. 
Published: August 2010

Abstract
Copy number variation is common in the human genome with many regions, overlapping thousands of genes, now known to be deleted or amplified. Aneuploidies and other forms of chromosomal imbalance have a wide range of adverse phenotypes and are a common cause of birth defects resulting in significant morbidity and mortality. “Normal” copy number variants (CNVs) embedded within the regions of chromosome imbalance may affect the clinical outcomes by altering the local copy number of important genes or regulatory regions: this could alleviate or exacerbate certain phenotypes. In this way CNVs may contribute to the clinical variability seen in many disorders caused by chromosomal abnormalities, such as the congenital heart defects (CHD) seen in ~40% of Down’s syndrome (DS) patients. Investigation of CNVs may therefore help to pinpoint critical genes or regulatory elements, elucidating the molecular mechanisms underlying these conditions, also shedding light on the aetiology of such phenotypes in people without major chromosome imbalances, and ultimately leading to their improved detection and treatment.
Time-dependent changes in the expression of lymphocyte and monocyte cell adhesion molecules after meals of different composition
Authors: Torrecilla Esther , González-Muñoz Miguel , Lahoz Carlos , Mostaza Jose 
Published: August 2010

The objective of the present study was to compare the acute effect of meals of different composition on the expression of adhesion molecules that play a key role in leucocyte trafficking. A total of twenty apparently healthy subjects randomly consumed three isoenergetic meals 1 week apart: enriched in carbohydrates (CHO), enriched in monounsaturated fat and enriched in saturated fat. Blood samples were obtained before the meals and at 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 h after meal ingestion. Samples were analysed for LDL resistance to Cu-mediated oxidation and for the surface expression on peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of CD62L, CD162, CD11a, CD11b, CD49d and CD54 by flow cytometry. The present results showed that there were no changes in LDL susceptibility to oxidation within and among the meals. After the CHO-enriched meal, there was a time-dependent increased expression of CD162, CD49d, CD11a and CD54 on PBMC that returned to basal values after 8–10 h. These changes were significantly greater than the ones observed after the consumption of the monounsaturated fat- and the saturated fat-enriched meals and were more evident in lymphocytes than in monocytes. In conclusion, acute ingestion of a CHO-enriched meal induces higher increases of lymphocyte activation markers than fat-enriched meals. These results suggest that long-term consumption of CHO-enriched diets may be associated with a sustained pro-inflammatory state.
Dietary calcium decreases but short-chain fructo-oligosaccharides increase colonic permeability in rats
Authors: Schepens Marloes A. A. , Rijnierse Anneke , Schonewille Arjan J. , Vink Carolien , Brummer Robert-Jan M. , Willemsen Linette E. M. , van der Meer Roelof , Bovee-Oudenhoven Ingeborg M. J. 
Published: August 2010

An increased intestinal permeability is associated with several diseases. Nutrition can influence gut permeability. Previously, we showed that dietary Ca decreases whereas dietary short-chain fructo-oligosaccharides (scFOS) increase intestinal permeability in rats. However, it is unknown how and where in the gastrointestinal tract Ca and scFOS exert their effects. Rats were fed a Western low-Ca control diet, or a similar diet supplemented with either Ca or scFOS. Lactulose plus mannitol and Cr-EDTA were added to the diets to quantify small and total gastrointestinal permeability, respectively. Additionally, colonic tissue was mounted in Ussing chambers and exposed to faecal water of these rats. Dietary Ca immediately decreased urinary Cr-EDTA excretion by 24 % in Ca-fed rats compared with control rats. Dietary scFOS increased total Cr-EDTA permeability gradually with time, likely reflecting relatively slow gut microbiota adaptations, which finally resulted in a 30 % increase. The lactulose:mannitol ratio was 15 % higher for Ca-fed rats and 16 % lower for scFOS-fed rats compared with control rats. However, no dietary effect was present on individual urinary lactulose and mannitol excretion. The faecal waters did not influence colonic permeability in Ussing chambers. In conclusion, despite effects on the lactulose:mannitol ratio, individual lactulose values did not alter, indicating that diet did not influence small-intestinal permeability. Therefore, both nutrients affect permeability only in the colon: Ca decreases, while scFOS increase colonic permeability. As faecal water did not influence permeability in Ussing chambers, probably modulation of mucins and/or microbiota is important for the in vivo effects of dietary Ca and scFOS.
Socioeconomic resources and living arrangements of older adults in Lebanon: who chooses to live alone?
Authors: TOHME RANIA A. , YOUNT KATHRYN M. , YASSINE SARA , SHIDEED OLLA , SIBAI ABLA MEHIO 
Published: August 2010

ABSTRACTDuring recent decades, Lebanon has experienced demographic and social changes which, coupled with political instability, have led to waves of youth migration and a higher proportion of older adults living alone. This paper uses the 2004 data of the ‘Pan Arab Project for Family Health’ to assess the levels of various living arrangements and to examine the correlates of living alone, with a focus on economic resources. The findings reveal that 12 per cent of older adults in Lebanon lived alone (17.3 per cent of women and 6.2 per cent of men). Financially better-off older adults and those who reported being satisfied with their income were, respectively, 4.4 and 1.7 times significantly more likely to live alone than their counterparts. The incomes of Lebanese older adults were mainly provided by their children (74.8%) and a relatively small share derived from pension schemes. Contrary to findings from other Arab countries, variations in living arrangements among Lebanese older adults seem to follow the western model whereby wealthier older individuals are more likely to live alone and to be residentially independent. Further studies are warranted to examine to what extent this trend is the result of past migration of adult children who are now established elsewhere and sending remittances home.
The influence of weather on community gastroenteritis in Australia
Authors: HALL G. V. , HANIGAN I. C. , DEAR K. B. G. , VALLY H. 
Published: August 2010

SUMMARYInfectious gastroenteritis is a common illness in Australia as elsewhere. Data from a year-long national gastroenteritis survey in 2001–2002 showed that gastroenteritis was more common in the northern and hotter part of Australia. These data were used to quantify associations between local weather variables and gastroenteritis in people aged >5 years while controlling for socioeconomic status. A distributed lag model was used to examine the influence of weather over a period of days prior to an event and the maximal effect was found at a lag of 2–5 days. The total effect over the preceding week indicated a relative increase from baseline in the probability of gastroenteritis of 2·48% (95% CI 1·01–3·97) for each degree rise (°C) over that period. Given the very high burden of gastroenteritis, this represents a substantial effect at the population level and has relevance for health predictions due to climate change.
Organized crime and gang violence in national and international law
Authors: Hauck Pierre , Peterke Sven 
Published: August 2010

AbstractOrganized crime and gang violence are global phenomena that often emerge in urban areas. Although they are not new, states only recently began to perceive them as serious threats to public security. Laws specifically designed to combat them have consequently been enacted. This article outlines the difficulties of dealing adequately in legal terms with these phenomena and analyses the different approaches adopted so far at the national and international level.