bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intrauterine Cytomegalovirus Infection Associated with Fetal Ascites and Oligohydramnios
Authors: Kishikawa Tadao , Kawarabayashi Tatsuhiko , Hayasegawa Jun , Sugimori Hajime , Shimokama Tatsuro 
Published: August 2010

AbstractApparent fetal ascites and oligohydramnios were observed in a 21‐week pregnant woman. Careful ultrasonic examination did not reveal filling of the fetal bladder or kidneys. The pregnancy was terminated upon diagnosis of renal agenesis. Autopsy revealed the presence of kidneys, but typical intranuclear inclusion bodies were histologi‐cally observed in many fetal organs. It is speculated that an intrauterine cytomegalovirus infection caused multiple organ failures, including liver dysfunction and renal failure, resulting in fetal ascites and oligohydramnios, and that early occurrence of these anomalies indicates a severe infection and poor fetal prognosis.
Immunoreactive β‐Endorphin and Pro‐γ‐Melanotropin in the Peripheral Circulation during the Menstrual Cycle
Authors: Martyn Paul , Smith Roger , Owens Phillip C. , Lovelock Margaret , Chan Eng‐Cheng 
Published: August 2010

AbstractThe ovary contains β‐endorphin but it is not clear whether it secretes this opioid peptide in amounts sufficient to increase β‐endorphin concentrations in the peripheral circulation, and hence effect β‐endorphin‐sensitive mechanisms controlling hypo‐thalamic secretion of gonadotropin‐releasing hormone and pituitary secretion of gonadotrophins. To examine the possible ovarian contribution to the circulating pool of β‐endorphin and related peptides we measured the plasma concentrations of immunoreactive β‐endorphin and the cosynthesized glycopeptide, pro‐γ‐melanotropin, in different phases of a normal menstrual cycle. Ovarian steroids and pituitary gonadotrophins showed the expected cyclical changes. Plasma cortisol, immunoreactive β‐endorphin and immunoreactive pro‐γ‐melanotropin concentrations were not significantly different in different phases of the cycle. There was no discernible relationship between plasma concentrations of either immunoreactive β‐endorphin or pro‐γ‐melanotropin and any of oestradiol, progesterone, luteinising hormone and follicle‐stimulating hormone overall or during any phase of the menstrual cycle. The results suggest that the ovary does not contribute significantly to the pool of β‐endorphin and related peptides in circulating blood.
Programmed Induction of Labor for Primiparous Women to Ensure Daytime Delivery
Authors: Kato Koichi , Nagata Ichiro , Furuya Kenichi , Seki Katsuyoshi , Makimura Noriko 
Published: August 2010

AbstractTo have deliveries occur during the daytime on weekdays, programmed induction of labor was attempted. Uncomplicated primiparous pregnant women were randomly divided into induced and non‐induced labor groups at the beginning of pregnancy. In the induced group, labor was induced by prostaglandin E2 oral tablet and prostaglandin F2α drip infusion when the prerequisites, (1) 38 weeks or more of pregnancy, (2) 32 cm or more of uterine fundal height, and (3) approximately 9 cm of biparietal diameter of the fetal head on the ultrasonography, were satisfied. Laminaria tents and/or a soft rubber metreurynter were applied to the unripe uterine cervix before induction of labor. In the induced group (n = 588), the rate of daytime delivery (09: 00–17: 00 h) was 80.4% and that of night delivery (00: 00–09: 00 h) was 3.2%. The duration of labor was significantly shorter in the induced group than in the non‐induced group. There was no significant difference between the 2 groups in the amount of intrapartum hemorrhage, cesarean section rate, infant birth weight, or one‐minute and five‐minute Apgar scores.
Immunohistochemical Study and Quantitative Estimation of β‐Endorphin in Polycystic Ovaries
Authors: El‐Tabbakh Gamal H. , El‐Sayed Omar K. , Hamza Mervat A. 
Published: August 2010

Abstractβ‐endorphin was recently found in normal human ovaries. The aim of this study was to detect production of β‐endorphin by polycystic ovaries and to compare its quantity in these ovaries to that in normal ovaries. Sections obtained from polycystic ovaries were stained with a specific anti‐β‐endorphin antibody and the avidin‐biotin detection technique. Immunostainable cells were detected in polycystic ovaries. Extraction of 5 polycystic and 5 normal ovarian tissues was performed and their β‐endorphin content was assayed by a specific and sensitive radioimmunoassay method. Polycystic ovaries contained 6.36±2.35 pg β‐endorphin/mg tissue protein while normal ovaries contained 5.35 ± 3.78 pg β‐endorphin/mg tissue protein. These findings indicate that β‐endorphin is produced by polycystic ovaries. The significance of this finding is discussed.
Actinomycosis Affecting the Fallopian Tube and Ovary: Report of 3 Cases, with Special Reference to 2 Cases following IUD Application
Authors: Hsu Chien‐Tien , Roan Cheng‐Hsiung , Rai Shu‐Yuen , Jong Hong‐Lin , Chen Ting‐Yao , Lin Yun‐Nan , Lan Chung‐Chi 
Published: August 2010

AbstractSince the late 1970's pelvic actinomycosis in association with IUD has been regarded as a not infrequent disease in Europe and the United States. However, in Taiwan over the past 40 years, we have only been able to observe 3 instances of such a disease; one case had a past history of IUD use for 13 months and the other one for 5 years. Another case did not use an IUD. In case 1 Bactrim ‘Roche’ (1 tablet containing Trimethoprim 80 mg+Sulfamethoxazole 400 mg) and Chloramphenicol were used. In case 2 Penicillin and Tetracycline were used, and in case 3 only Penicillin was used. In all 3 cases the patients survived after surgical treatment. The rarity of pelvic actinomycosis in association with IUD in Taiwan in contrast to Europe and the USA might have been due to our unawareness or geographical specificity. Further investigations in order to gain deepest insights into this problem are being undertaken.
Psychogenic Factors in Hyperemesis Gravidarum
Authors: Tsoi Peter T. K. , Chin Robert K. H. , Chang Allan M. Z. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractTwenty patients admitted to our hospital because of hyperemesis gravidarum were given psychiatric assessment. More than half of the subjects had not planned their pregnancies, and most of them were either ambivalent or rejecting towards their fetuses. All except one had significant psychosocial problems complicating their pregnancies. Psychiatric assessment and counselling is recommended as part of the management of severe vomiting of pregnancy.
Blue Nevus of the Uterine Cervix
Authors: Matsumoto Takafumi , Shiraishi Taizo , Yatani Ryuichi , Yoshikawa Kazuya 
Published: August 2010

AbstractThis report describes 2 cases of the blue nevus in the uterine cervix. Both were found incidentally in biopsy specimens that had been taken for an examination of a cervical polyp (case 1) or cervical erosion (case 2). The blue nevus in a cervical polyp has been scarcely reported in previous literature.
Prevalence of Cytomegalovirus Cervical Excretion in Pregnant Women in Hong Kong
Authors: Leung Ares K. L. , Loong Edward P. L. , Chan Raymond C. K. , Murray H.G.S. , Chang Allan M. Z. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractIn 1986 a study was made on the prevalence of cervical colonization by cytomegalovirus (CMV) in normal third trimester pregnant Chinese women in Hong Kong. Seven out of 95 unselected subjects had positive CMV culture, making a prevalence of 7.4%. This is a low prevalence when compared with the prevalence found in other people of Asian origin and similar to the prevalence found in the Caucasians.
Intrauterine Insemination with Washed Capacitated Sperm Cells in the Treatment of Male Factor, Cervical Factor and Unexplained Infertility
Authors: Mansour Ragaa T. , Serour Gamal I. , Aboulghar Mohamed A. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractOne hundred and fourteen couples with long standing infertility due to male factor, cervical factor and unexplained infertility were admitted for therapeutic trials with intrauterine insemination of washed, capacitated husband's sperm cells between May 1986 to October 1987 at The Egyptian IVF‐ET Center, Cairo, Egypt. Three hundred and sixty‐four trials were done (an average of 3.19 trial per patient). Fifty‐eight patients got pregnant (16% pregnancy rate per trial). This simple and noninvasive procedure can be considered as an alternative treatment for infertility due to male factor, cervical factor, and unexplained infertility.
Effect of Amniotic Fluid Volume on Umbilical Cord Length*
Authors: Ogita Sachio , Oka Tomoko , Imanaka Motoharu , Matsuo Shigeki , Kawabata Ryoichi , Takebayashi Tadahiro , Matsumoto Masahiko 
Published: August 2010

AbstractTo study effect of amniotic fluid volume on umbilical cord length, 939 pregnant women at 24–41 weeks of gestation, including 10 twin cases, 51 preterm premature rupture of the membranes (PROM) and 70 premature delivery cases, were examined for their amniotic fluid volume within a week of delivery by the ultrasound procedure and these 949 newborns were also examined for umbilical cord length and incidence of fetal distress.In the polyhydramnios group (pocket size of more than 8 cm), 8 of 20 infants (40%) had longer cords and 6 infants (30%) had shorter cords, while only one of 49 infants (2%) with oligohydramnios (pocket size of less than 2 cm) had a longer cord and 36 infants (73.5%) had shorter cords than the mean cord length (SD) of the normal group. The 20 twins had significantly shorter cords than those of the normal group (P<0.05) and the polyhydramnios group (P<0.01). The PROM group showed significantly higher incidence of oligohydramnios (P<0.05) and fetal distress (P<0.01), which suggests that intrauterine space availability is important for assuring fetal well‐being.
Routine Gamete Intrafallopian Transfer (GIFT): A Highly Successful Option for Treatment of Non‐Tubal Infertility
Authors: Tucker Michael J. , Leung Clement K.M. , Leong Milton K.H. , Marriott Vicky M. , Chan Yuen Mun , Wong Colleen J.Y. , Chan Helen H.Y. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractGamete intrafallopian transfer (GIFT) is increasingly accepted as a realistic alternative to in vitro fertilization (IVF), or intrauterine insemination (IUI) for treatment of non‐tubal infertility. The lack of information on fertilization capacity of the gametes, the greater cost relative to IUI, and the partly unsubstantiated claims of higher success rates, caused us some concern with the readiness with which GIFT had been accepted as a standard infertility treatment. So we undertook a provisional GIFT programme with these considerations in mind, and we report on the first 91 GIFT cycles performed in our clinic. Sixty of the patients (62 cycles) treated suffered from idiopathic infertility, 12 from minimal endometriosis, 9 from male factor infertility, and 8 from ovulatory dysfunction. An initial clinical pregnancy rate of 41% (38/91) was achieved; pregnancy loss was 23% (9/38), giving a continuing pregnancy rate of 32% (29/91). Given this undeniably encouraging result, and the potential for diagnostic IVF, embryo freezing, and ovum donation with surplus oocytes collected from this GIFT programme, we now have adopted GIFT permanently as a treatment to complement our IVF and IUI programmes.
Merkel Cell Carcinoma of the Vulva: A Case Report
Authors: Chandeying Verapol , Sutthijumroon Sonthit , Tungphaisal Somchai 
Published: August 2010

AbstractThe clinical and pathologic findings of Merkel cell carcinoma of the vulva were reported. The light microscopic findings of sheets of small, uniform cells were consistent with a diagnosis of neuroendocrine tumor. The electron microscopic characteristics revealed membrane‐bound secretory granules, confirmed the diagnosis of Merkel cell carcinoma. Regional lymphnode metastases were present at the time of initial surgery and the adjunctive radiotherapy was also given. This case was unusual because Merkel cell carcinoma was usually found on the face, extremities and buttocks.
Augmentation of Labour: Does Oxytocin Titration to Achieve Preset Active Contraction Area Values Produce Better Obstetric Outcome?*
Authors: Arulkumaran S. , Yang M. , Ingemarsson I. , Singh Piara , Ratnam S. S. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractThe value of quantifying active contraction area to guide oxytocin titration in augmentation of labour was investigated by a randomised trial. Sixty‐eight nulliparae with slow progress of labour had oxytocin titrated to achieve preset optimal active contraction area or optimal frequency of contractions in a randomised manner. There was no difference in maternal characteristics of age and height, pre‐augmentation period of observed labour or cervical dilatation at the onset of augmentation between the 2 groups. The maximum dose of oxytocin, post‐augmentation period and the number of operative deliveries were similar. There was no difference in the mean birth weight of neonates, or in the number of neonates who had low Apgar score or acidotic cord arterial blood pH. Our results suggest that there may be no advantage in oxytocin titration to achieve preset optimal active contraction area compared with optimal frequency of uterine contractions in nulliparae with slow progress of labour.
Parovarian Cystadenocarcinoma: A Case Report
Authors: Kaur Kulvinder , Gopalan Sarala , Gupta Subhash K. , Dhaliwall Lakhbir K. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractAlthough primary ovarian carcinomas are frequent, carcinomas having a primary origin in parovarian cysts are extremely rare. The majority of neoplasms developing in parovarian cysts are benign serous tumours. Only 9 cases of parovarian adenocarcinoma have been reported so far in the world literature. Out of these 6 have been of low grade malignancy. Of the rest 3 cases also, only one was invasive. The case described here appears to be the second case of parovarian adenocarcinoma which was invasive. The origin of this tumour is discussed together with a brief review of literature on adenocarcinomas of parovarian origin.
Intrauterine Insemination as Frontline Treatment for Non‐Tubal Infertility
Authors: Tucker Michael J. , Wong Colleen J. Y. , Chan Y. M. , Leong Milton K. H. , Leung Clement K. M. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractEighty‐one clinical pregnancies occurred from 508 cycles of intrauterine insemination (IUI) in 242 patients. Following 20 miscarriages 30 pregnancies have been delivered, and 31 remain ongoing at 16 weeks and beyond. This represents a 12% delivered/ongoing pregnancy outcome per cycle of IUI, in women of average age 30.9 years who with their partners had suffered on average 3.65 years of infertility. All forms of non‐tubal infertility were treated with pregnancies occurring in all primary categories. No pregnancies occurred in 5 women who underwent IUI in 18 natural cycles. All pregnancies arose in the 237 women who received clomiphene citrate, human menopausal gonadotropin, or a combination of both with ovulation triggered by human chorionic gonadotropin. Dependent upon patient age and duration of infertility, we implement IUI as a frontline treatment for all cases of non‐tubal infertility prior to subjecting patients to the more costly and invasive tubal transfer techniques.
Effectiveness of Transcutaneous Electric Nerve Stimulator for Pain Relief in Labour
Authors: Chia Y. T. , Arulkumaran S. , Chua S. , Ratnam S. S. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractThe effectiveness of transcutaneous electric nerve stimulation (TENS) for pain relief in labour was compared to inhalation analgesia consisting of 50% nitrous oxide and 50% oxygen (ENTONOX). In the first part of the study 101 patients in early labour were allocated to using TENS (Group A) or ENTONOX (Group B) for pain relief. Our results did not show any beneficial effect on pain relief in labour with the use of TENS over ENTONOX; 18.8% of patients in Group A went through labour without any further form of analgesia as opposed to 17.0% in Group B. In the second part of the study 20 nulliparous patients having induced labour were randomly allocated to use TENS (Group C) or ENTONOX (Group D) as the first modality of pain relief. A switchover was made when labour pains were no longer tolerable. The results showed that both TENS and ENTONOX could be used in early labour up to 5–6 cm cervical dilatation till the frequency of contractions was nearly 5 in 10 min or the first 3–4 hr from the time patients first requested pain relief in labour when frequency of contractions was nearly 4 in 10 min. TENS could be used in early labour for patients who wish to be ambulant and is as effective as ENTONOX. Either modality of pain relief was not adequate for pain relief throughout labour.
A New Therapy for Pelvic Endometriosis and Uterine Adenomyosis: Local Effect of Vaginal and Intrauterine Danazol Application
Authors: Igarashi Masao 
Published: August 2010

AbstractIn order to investigate the effect of the local direct action of danazol upon endometriosis, intravaginal and intrauterine application were tried. A vaginal danazol ring containing 2 g to 3.5 g danazol not only reduced both dysmenorrhea and the extent of pelvic endometriosis in all 35 infertile women, but also resulted in conception in 13 out of 35 infertile women while the vaginal ring was in place. Uterine adenomyosis usually fails to respond to oral danazol therapy, but an intrauterine device containing 175 mg of danazol was effective in reducing the size of the uterus and in inducing pregnancy in 66.6% cases. It is noteworthy that this vaginal or intrauterine danazol therapy did not inhibit ovulation, but still effected atrophy of endometriosis and aided in the establishment of pregnancy. These results clearly demonstrate that the main mode of action of danazol is its direct action on endometriotic cells.
Carcinoma of the Vulva in Pregnancy: A Rare Occurrence
Authors: Sivanesaratnam V. , Pathmanathan R. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractA rare case of squamous cell carcinoma diagnosed in early pregnancy in a 28‐year‐old woman is described. At the time of radical surgery, which was carried out in the puerperium, the growth had already advanced to Stage IV disease. The rapid growth of the tumor seen in this patient suggests that although treatment needs to be individualised, the definitive radical surgery should not be delayed.
The Role of Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation in Management of Labour in Obstetric Patients
Authors: Lee Edwin W. C. , Chung Ivis W. Y. , Lee Janet Y. L. , Lam Pansy W. Y. , Chin Robert K. H. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractThe study evaluated the effect of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) in the management of labour. It comprised of 125 subjects with 93 primiparae and 32 multiparae. They were divided into 3 groups. The first group received electrical stimulation from the TENS unit (TENS); the second group (placebo group) had the TENS machine connected but with no current from the TENS unit (TPL); whereas the third group had no machine application (control group).Analgesic requirements, pain assessment, labour duration, Obstetric outcome, and the comments from mother and midwife were analysed. No negative effects on the mothers and babies were reported. Neither was there any objective clinical significant differences demonstrated among the 3 groups.
Management of Cyclical Menorrhagia with Prostaglandin Synthetase Inhibitor
Authors: Grover Vimal , Usha R. , Gupta Usha , Kalra S. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractA well controlled double blind prospective trial was undertaken to determine the efficacy of mefenamic acid in the treatment of menorrhagia. Eighty patients who had unexplained cyclical menorrhagia with secretory endometrium received mefenamic acid orally in a dose of 500 mg 8 hourly or a placebo tablet thrice daily starting from day‐one of the cycle for 5 days or till cessation of menses.Mefenamic acid administration caused a statistically significant reduction in the number of days of bleeding from 9.7±3.1 days before treatment to 4.1±0.6 days after treatment. It also brought about significant reduction in the amount of bleeding in terms of number of pads used per day, that is from 15.2±3.1 before treatment to 6.5±0.02 after treatment. Eighty‐six percent patients in the treatment group had control of menorrhagia with the drug compared to 20% in the control group without drugs and this difference was statistically significant. Mefenamic acid proved to be a potent and efficacious agent in the control of unexplained menorrhagia.
Pregnancy Suppression by a Structurally Related Antagonist for Platelet Activating Factor, CV‐6209, in Mice
Authors: Ando Masaaki , Suginami Hiroshi , Matsuura Shumpei 
Published: August 2010

AbstractThe effects of CV‐6209, a structurally related antagonist for platelet activating factor (PAF), on pregnancy were investigated in mice, so that the physiologic significance of PAF production by and secretion from preimplantation embryos could be elucidated. When it was repeatedly administered to pregnant mice during days 1–6 of pregnancy, CV‐6209 prevented preimplantation thrombocytopenia and reduced the number of implantation sites dose‐dependently, CV‐6209 suppression of pregnancy was eliminated by concomitant administrations of PAF. When it was administered on various fractional days of pregnancy, CV‐6209 suppressed pregnancy most effectively in mice treated during days 4–5 of pregnancy, the days of implantation. CV‐6209 treatment exhibited no apparent effect on embryonic development. Implantation was suppressed when day 4 embryos from saline‐treated donor mice were transferredin uteroto CV‐6209‐treated recipient mice. Once implanted, however, theirin uterogrowth was normal. The results indicate that PAF is prerequisite to pregnancy by promoting embryonic implantation.
Silastic Cup Vacuum Extractor of Forceps: A Comparative Study
Authors: Svigos John M. , Cave Don G. , Vigneswaran Rasiah , Resch Annie , Christiansen Jane 
Published: August 2010

AbstractA retrospective analysis over a 2‐year period was carried out to compare the limitations in the use of the Silastic Cup vacuum extractor and forceps as the preferred instrument for operative vaginal delivery.Whilst the use of the vacuum extractor was associated with less maternal morbidity (54.9% episiotomy rate; 20.9% nil analgesia) and comparable neonatal problems, an increased failure rate (6.5%) was demonstrated in comparison to forceps delivery (0.7% failed vaginal delivery rate).A comparison of their use for rotational vaginal delivery failed to reveal any significant difference in maternal or neonatal outcome apart from an increased failure rate (30%) to complete vaginal delivery after application of the vacuum extractor.It is concluded that the vacuum extractor is a comparable instrument for midcavity or lift‐out instrumental delivery but Kielland's forceps may still be a more appropriate instrument for rotational vaginal delivery.