bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Variability of pulse oximetry measurement over 1 year in children with sickle cell disease depends on initial oxygen saturation measurement
Authors: Mullin Jonathan E. , Cooper Ben , Seicean Sinziana , Strunk Robert , Rosen Carol , Redline Susan , Kemp James , DeBaun Michael R. 
Published: February 2010

AbstractA prospective cohort of children with sickle cell disease (SCD) was evaluated to determine the variability of daytime pulse oximetry among three measurements over approximately 1 year. Fifty‐eight participants were evaluated. Asymptomatic children with initial oxygen saturation ≤92% had a mean range over 1 year of 4.6% (2.1–7.5%). In contrast, asymptomatic children whose oxygen saturation was >92% had a mean range of 1.9% (0–5.5%). These results suggest, changes in pulse oximetry measurement of approximately 5% may not be clinically significant in otherwise, healthy children with SCD with previous pulse oximetry ≤92%. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2010;54:1017–1019 © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Kawasaki disease preceding haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis: Challenges for developing world practitioners
Authors: Hendricks Marc , Pillay Shakti , Davidson Alan , De Decker Rik , Lawrenson John 
Published: February 2010

AbstractKawasaki disease (KD) is a recognised precipitant of haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH). Although KD has been previously described in the developing world, there are no reported cases of KD preceding HLH. We report a case of a child with a persistent rash and unremitting fever consistent with the diagnosis of KD, who was found to have HLH, after intravenous gamma globulin failed to produce a clinical response. The diagnosis was made using the revised diagnostic criteria for HLH from the Histiocyte Society (1994). She fulfilled six of the eight clinical and laboratory criteria needed to make the diagnosis. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2010;54:1023–1025 © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Analytical modeling of a conducting polymer‐driven catheter
Authors: Shoa Tina , Madden John DW , Munce Nigel R , Yang Victor 
Published: February 2010

AbstractA time‐dependent electrochemical and mechanical model of the bending of a conducting polymer actuator‐driven structure is presented, and the predicted response is compared with experimental results. The model uses time constants obtained from a transmission line model to describe the electronic and ionic charge transport into the polymer actuator. It then relates the charge transport to the mechanical deflection of the actuator structure. The model is used to predict the time‐dependent bending of an active catheter, which is ultimately intended for use in intravascular imaging. A commercial catheter is coated with polypyrrole and laser micromachined into electrodes, which are electrochemically activated, leading to bending of the catheter. The time‐dependent bending is compared with the dynamic beam bending model, with measured physical properties including elastic moduli, strain to charge ratio, electronic conductivity, ionic conductivity and capacitance used in the model to successfully describe the dynamics. The results of this comparison are used to determine the primary factors limiting catheter bending speed, and to suggest an optimal polypyrrole geometry and electrochemical parameters in order to achieve faster response. Copyright © 2010 Society of Chemical Industry
Child and informant influences on behavioral ratings of preschool children
Authors: Phillips Beth M. , Lonigan Christopher J. 
Published: February 2010

AbstractThis study investigated relationships among teacher, parent, and observer behavioral ratings of 3‐ and 4‐year‐old children using intra‐class correlations and analysis of variance. Comparisons within and across children from middle‐income (MI; N = 166; mean age = 54.25 months, standard deviation [SD] = 8.74) and low‐income (LI; N = 199; mean age = 51.21 months, SD = 7.22) backgrounds revealed significant agreement between the raters but also considerable differences in both ranking and absolute scores between raters. Teachers and parents consistently rated children from LI classrooms as having more behavioral problems and fewer prosocial behaviors. Results are conceptualized with respect to how differential expectations, comparison groups, and types of interaction with children can affect the evaluation of child behavior. Results point to the need for multiple sources of evaluation when assessing children for behavioral difficulties, particularly children from lower income backgrounds. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Effect of aspirin, other NSAIDs, and statins on PSA and PSA velocity
Authors: Algotar Amit M. , Thompson Patricia A. , Ranger‐Moore James , Stratton M. Suzanne , Hsu Chiu‐Hsieh , Ahmann Frederick R. , Nagle Raymond B. , Stratton Steven P. 
Published: February 2010

AbstractBACKGROUNDAspirin, other non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), and statins have been associated with lower risk of prostate cancer and its progression, though results have been inconsistent.METHODSData from 140 men with prostate cancer enrolled in a Phase 2 clinical trial of selenium to prevent prostate cancer progression were analyzed to determine association between aspirin, other NSAIDs, or statin use with baseline serum prostate‐specific antigen (PSA) levels and PSA velocity (rate of PSA change over time) using repeated measures over an average follow‐up time of 3.2 years. Multiple linear regression and mixed effects models were used to model the association of medication use with PSA at baseline and with PSA velocity, respectively.RESULTSBaseline PSA levels were significantly lower in aspirin users compared to non‐users (5.17 ng/ml vs. 7.58 ng/ml, P = 0.001). This association was statistically significant in never smokers (aspirin users vs. non‐users: 4.19 ng/ml vs. 8.24 ng/ml, P = 0.004) but not in ever smokers (aspirin users vs. non‐users: 5.52 ng/ml vs. 7.3 ng/ml, P = 0.101). Statin and other NSAID use was not associated with baseline PSA. Aspirin, statin, or other NSAID use at baseline demonstrated a non‐significant negative association with PSA velocity.CONCLUSIONThese findings support an effect of aspirin use on PSA, particularly among never smokers. However, they do not suggest a protective effect on the disease and support previous findings that aspirin use may mask accurate measurement of PSA warranting consideration of washout procedures prior to testing. Prostate 70: 883–888, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Statin‐induced autophagy by inhibition of geranylgeranyl biosynthesis in prostate cancer PC3 cells
Authors: Parikh Ankur , Childress Chandra , Deitrick Kelly , Lin Qiong , Rukstalis Daniel , Yang Wannian 
Published: February 2010

AbstractBACKGROUNDAutophagy is a cellular process of degradation of macromolecules and organelles and activated under nutritional stress. Statins are a class of inhibitors of 3‐hydroxyl‐3‐methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG‐CoA) reductase, a key enzyme in synthesis of cholesterol. Epidemiological studies have shown that statin use decreases the incidence of advanced prostate cancer. We explored the idea that treatment of atorvastatin, a commonly prescribed statin for treatment of hypercholesterolemia, induces autophagy in prostate cancer cells.METHODSThe atorvastatin‐induced autophagic process in prostate cancer PC3 cells was determined by detection of cellular level of LC3‐II, an autophagosomal marker, via immunoblotting and immunofluorescent staining.RESULTSAtorvastatin treatment of PC3 cells for 40 hrs increased expression of LC3‐II by more than 10 fold in a dose‐dependent manner. Treatment of the cells with pepstatin A and E64‐d, the autophagic protease inhibitors, dramatically increased atorvastatin‐dependent LC3‐II expression level, suggesting that atorvastatin induces autophagic flux. In addition, atorvastatin treatment caused rapid death of PC3 cells. Atorvastatin‐induced autophagy and rapid cell death were reversed by addition of geranylgeraniol, not farnesol, into culture medium, indicating that atorvastatin‐mediated inhibition of geranylgeranyl biosynthesis causes autophagy and cell death. Furthermore, atorvastatin did not induce autophagy or cell death in normal prostate RWPE1 cells, and induced only a minor autophagic response in AR‐positive prostate cancer LNCaP cells.CONCLUSIONSOur studies demonstrate that statins induce autophagy and autophagy‐associated cell death in PC3 cells, likely through inhibition of geranylgeranylation, and suggest that autophagic response to statins may partially underlie the protective effects of statins on prostate cancer progression. Importantly, these findings highlight additional mechanisms by which statins might be used for prostate cancer therapy. Prostate 70: 971–981, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Characterization of the common mode rejection ratio of amorphous silicon balanced photodiode
Authors: Caputo D. , de Cesare G. , Nascetti A. , Tucci M. 
Published: February 2010

AbstractIn this work we report on the detailed characterization of an amorphous silicon/amorphous silicon carbide balanced photodiode structure suitable for differential photocurrent measurements. The device is a three‐terminal structure constituted by two series‐connected amorphous silicon p‐i‐n photodiodes. Two terminals are used to bias the two photodiodes at the same reverse voltage by the readout electronics. The output signal is the current difference between the two diodes, measured at the third terminal with a transimpedance circuit.Several devices have been fabricated with different areas and geometries utilizing four mask‐step process. The devices have been characterized by means of common mode rejection ratio (CMRR) measurements as a function of the radiation wavelength and intensity. The CMRR measured under white light illumination has been found to lie around 37 dB in the whole range of investigated radiation intensities. The decrease of the CMRR observed at shorter wavelengths has been ascribed to mismatches and inhomogeneities in the surface and in the p‐type window layer of the two hemi‐devices. (© 2010 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
An overview of uncooled infrared sensors technology based on amorphous silicon and silicon germanium alloys
Authors: Ambrosio Roberto , Moreno Mario , Mireles Jose , Torres Alfonso , Kosarev Andrey , Heredia Aurelio 
Published: February 2010

AbstractAt the present time there are commercially available large un‐cooled micro‐bolometer arrays (as large as 1024×768 pixels) for a variety of thermal imaging applications. Different thermo‐sensing materials have been employed as thermo sensing elements as Vanadium Oxide (VOx), metals, and amorphous and polycrystalline semiconductors. Those materials present good characteristics but also have some disadvantages. As a consequence none of the commercially available arrays contain optimum pixels with an optimum thermo‐sensing material. This paper reviews the development of the un‐cooled bolometer technology and the research achievements on this area, with special attention on the key factors that would lead to improve the pixels performance characteristics. The work considers the R&D of microbolometer arrays and the integration with MEMS and IC technologies. A comparative study with the state of the art and data reported in literature is presented. Finally, further directions of uncooled bolometer based in thin films materials are also discussed in this paper. (© 2010 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
High efficiency large area a‐SiGe:H based multi‐junction solar cells using MVHF
Authors: Xu Xixiang , Beglau David , Pietka Ginger , Ehlert Scott , Su Tining , Zhang Jinyan , Li Yang , Lord Ken , Yue Guozhen , Yan Baojie , Banerjee Arindam , Yang Jeff , Guha Subhendu , Hugger Peter G. , Cohen J. David 
Published: February 2010

AbstractWe have developed high efficiency large area a‐Si:H and a‐SiGe:H multi‐junction solar cells using a Modified Very High Frequency (MVHF) glow discharge process. We investigated a‐SiGe:H deposition rate dependence of cell performance, and optimized MVHF a‐SiGe:H process at a deposition rate 2‐4 times that of a typical RF deposition. We conducted a comparative study for different cell structures, and compared the initial and stable performance and light‐induced degradation of solar cells made using MVHF and RF techniques. In additon to high initial efficiency, the MVHF cells also exhibit superior light stability, showing <10% degradation after 1000 hour of one‐sun light soaking at 50 °C. We also studied light‐induced defect level and hydrogen evolution characteristics of MVHF deposited a‐SiGe:H films and compared them with the RF deposited films (© 2010 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Microcrystalline silicon films and solar cells deposited at high rate by Matrix Distributed Electron Cyclotron Resonance (MDECR) plasma
Authors: Kroely Laurent , Ram Sanjay K. , Bulkin Pavel , Cabarrocas Pere Roca i 
Published: February 2010

AbstractThe latest results obtained in a new promising Matrix Distributed Electron Cyclotron Resonance (MDECR) reactor for the deposition of microcrystalline silicon (μc‐Si:H) films and cells are reported in this article. The reactor is presented with a focus on the importance and the difficulties of temperature measurements. The unique properties of this high density plasma allowed us to demonstrate high deposition rates of 28 Å/s. The chemical composition of the MDECR material has been compared to a standard material and in particular, the effect of the oxygen level will be discussed. The installation of a load‐lock allowed a reduction of the oxygen con‐tamination by a factor of 10. Lower microwave powers helped to improve the electrical properties of the material. So far, the cell performance unfortunately seems decoupled from these successive optimizations of the film quality, and stayed limited (© 2010 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Effect of vehicle speed on shock and vibration levels in truck transport
Authors: Lu Fei , Ishikawa Yutaka , Kitazawa Hiroaki , Satake Takaaki 
Published: February 2010

AbstractAn update on the nature of shock and vibration in truck transport was obtained by measuring and analysing the shock and vibration levels separately that occur during truck transportation in Japan. The effect of truck speed on the shock and vibration levels was mainly analysed. A significant difference was observed between the acceleration of vibration, and the acceleration including shock and vibration as a result of truck speed. The results indicated that the effect of truck speed on root mean square acceleration (Grms), including shock and vibration, was strong at a lower speed, but slight at a higher speed. The highest Grms, including shock and vibration, was found at 45–59.9 km/h on local roads, which was higher than that during highway driving. When the speed was below 45 km/h, the peak power spectral density (PSD) of acceleration including shock and vibration increased as truck speed increased; when the speed was above 45 km/h, no significant changes in peak PSD were found because of truck speed. At the same time, the effect of vehicle speed on the vibration acceleration was also studied. It was found that the higher the vehicle speed, the higher the Grms and peak PSD value of vibration in both the vertical and lateral directions. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Design and fabrication of a robotic mechanism for remote steering and positioning of interventional devices
Authors: Srimathveeravalli Govindarajan , Kesavadas Thenkurussi , Li Xinyan 
Published: February 2010

AbstractBackgroundRecently, robotic systems have been introduced as a method for assisting endovascular interventional procedures. A few commercial and research solutions are available. In a survey it was found that none of the current systems satisfied all basic design requirements set forth for a good robot‐assisted therapy platform.MethodsA human motion analysis study was performed to identify design specifications for safe motion and force limits for endovascular surgery. Based on design requirements from surveyed systems and motion analysis, a new, teleoperated, haptically enabled system called System for Endovascular Teleoperated Access (SETA) was constructed. SETA is capable of simultaneously manipulating any guidewire and catheter in the range of 0.014–0.13 inches.ResultsSETA's slave was evaluated for precision positioning, using in vitro vascular phantoms. It was also evaluated by a cohort of neurovascular surgeons and fellows (n = 8), using the VIST vascular simulator. A qualitative survey of the participants and a quantitative analysis of metrics procedure time and contrast used found that SETA was equivalent to manual intervention on this platform.ConclusionsSETA provided good performance in the in vitro studies, and will soon be evaluated in a series of in vivo animal model studies. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Corporate sustainability strategies: sustainability profiles and maturity levels
Authors: Baumgartner Rupert J. , Ebner Daniela 
Published: February 2010

AbstractAlthough many companies investigate sustainability management and publish sustainability reports, their main focus in this endeavour remains unclear. Often, it seems that sustainability issues are pursued more coincidentally than with a clear strategy.On one hand, research is done for the identification and determination of distinct aspects concerning economic, ecological and social dimensions of sustainability. Guidelines to develop a sustainability report are popular examples of this. On the other hand, scientific effort is recognizable regarding the establishment of specific sustainability strategies, e.g. strategies that focus on internal/external orientation of sustainability commitment. Strategies should be designed to work to improve performance in terms of the issues identified, but in many cases the link between aspects and sustainability strategies is missing in practice.This paper aims to narrow this gap by developing specific aspect profiles for sustainability strategies. Relating to the characteristics of various sustainability strategies, key sustainability issues are determined, which have to be implemented in order to reach defined sustainability goals efficiently.The paper helps companies that already commit to sustainability to verify whether they are consistent in the implementation of a distinct sustainability strategy. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment.
Strategy making in social enterprise: The role of resource allocation and its effects on organizational sustainability
Authors: Moizer Jonathan , Tracey Paul 
Published: February 2010

AbstractSocial enterprises are non‐profit organizations that seek to achieve social goals through commercial activity. Because they have both social and commercial objectives, social enterprises are confronted with high levels of complexity in their strategizing and operations; not only do they have to generate sufficient revenue to re‐invest in their business operations, they also have to maintain investment in social projects in their community. Under conditions of resource scarcity, this poses severe challenges which can threaten the long‐term sustainability of the enterprise. In this paper the tension between allocating resources to commercial activity and social action is explored. A simple causal‐loop diagram is constructed which maps out the relationships between resource allocation and a number of other variables thought to influence the sustainability of social enterprises. By tracing through the diagram, a range of generic strategic alternatives available to social enterprises is evaluated and discussed. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Study the possibility of seismic collision between adjacent structures: a case study of Karimkhan avenue in Tehran
Authors: Mirtaheri S. M. , Zandi A. P. , Mavandadi S. , Daryan A. Saedi , Ziaei M. 
Published: February 2010

AbstractStudies of the past earthquakes show that seismic collision of structures due to the differences in dynamic characteristics of two adjacent structures has significant role in the destruction of different structures (Pantelides and Ma,1998, Penzien,1997) in Iran has high vulnerability to earthquake because it is located on seismic belt. Considering the high importance and large population of Tehran City as the capital of Iran, it is necessary to study the probability of collision between adjacent structures and find an index for determination of collapse type for existing structures. In this paper, a collapse index is defined considering the affecting parameters and some of the structures located in one of the most crowded streets of Tehran City (Karimkhan Zand Street) are studied. The results show that the structures should be retrofitted to avoid collapse due to the collision of adjacent structures during a damaging earthquake. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
siRNA applications in nanomedicine
Authors: Tokatlian Talar , Segura Tatiana 
Published: February 2010

AbstractThe ability to specifically silence genes using RNA interference (RNAi) has wide therapeutic applications for the treatment of disease or the augmentation of tissue formation. RNAi is the sequence‐specific gene silencing mediated by a 21–25 nucleotide double‐stranded small interfering RNA (siRNA) molecule. siRNAs are incorporated into the RNA‐induced silencing complex (RISC), which mediates mRNA sequence‐specific binding and cleavage. Although RNAi has the potential to be a powerful therapeutic drug, its delivery remains a major limitation. The generation of nanosized particles is being investigated to enhance the delivery of siRNA‐based drugs. These nanoparticles are generally designed to overcome one or more of the barriers encountered by the siRNA when trafficked to the cytosol. In this review, we will discuss recent advances in the design of delivery strategies for siRNA, focusing our attention to those strategies that have had in vivo success or have introduced novel functionality that allowed enhanced intracellular trafficking and/or cellular targeting. First, we will discuss the different barriers that must be overcome for efficient siRNA delivery. Second, we will discuss the approaches for siRNA delivery by size including direct modification of siRNAs (less than 10 nm), self‐assembled particles based on cationic polymers and cationic lipids (100‐300 nm), neutral liposomes (<200 nm), and macroscale matrices that contain naked siRNA or siRNA loaded nanoparticles (>100 µm). Finally, we will briefly discuss recent in vivo therapeutic success. WIREs Nanomed Nanobiotechnol 2010 2 305–315This article is categorized under:

Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Emerging Technologies
Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Nanomedicine for Oncologic Disease
Subcutaneous tissue flaps for hallux covering
Authors: Vaienti Luca , Urzola Victor , Scotti Andrea , Masetto L. 
Published: February 2010

Abstract
With the understanding of the extensive vascular supply of the subcutaneous tissue, of its efficacy in the protection of the anatomical structures and of its capability of promoting the adequate functioning of very stressed regions of the human body, the use of subcutaneous adipose flaps has become a valid and sometimes the only reasonable therapeutic weapon in the treatment of small and medium-sized tissue loss. Such a defect represents a common complication of great toe injuries and surgery. Here subcutaneous flap reconstruction is proposed for the treatment of dorsal and medial soft tissue losses of the hallux complicated with infection. Two case are reported. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this application has not been reported in this anatomical site so far. The technique might be worth knowing both for orthopedic and plastic surgeons, as it may represent a safe, less invasive solution for most tegumentary problems of the dorso-medial side of the first ray.