bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fanhdi®, efficacy and safety in von Willebrand’s disease: prospective international study results
Authors: BELLO I. F. , YUSTE V. J. , MOLINA M. Q. , NAVARRO F.H. 
Published: September 2010

Summary.  Recently, three multicentre prospective international studies have been carried out to evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of Fanhdi® [high‐purity, double‐inactivated plasma‐derived factor VIII/von Willebrand factor (VWF) concentrate] in patients with von Willebrand’s disease (VWD). Pharmacokinetic parameters, clinical efficacy and safety of Fanhdi® in acute bleedings episodes or invasive procedures were determined in this population. Results. Pharmacokinetic parameters observed were similar to previous reported for other highly purified plasma‐derived FVIII/VWF concentrate. The mean in vivo recovery (IU dL−1 per IU kg−1) was 1.9 ± 0.6 for VWF:RCof; 2.1 ± 0.6 for VWF:Ag and 2.6 ± 0.6 for FVIII:C. The mean half‐life (h) was 14.4 ± 10.5 for VWF:RCof; 27.5 ± 11.0 for VWF:Ag and 33.4 ± 16.4 for FVIII:C. Therapeutic benefit of Fanhdi® in VWD patients treated during bleeding episodes was clearly demonstrated. The achievement of haemostasis was excellent or good in 100% of the cases (major or minor bleeding episodes). Also, the clinical efficacy of Fanhdi® in preventing excessive bleeding during surgery showed a very good profile. Efficacy was rated as excellent in six cases (three major/three minor surgical procedures) and good in three cases (two major/one minor surgical procedures). In addition, the product was well tolerated and no adverse events potentially related to the study drug were reported. Conclusions. Fanhdi® is an effective and safe plasma‐derived FVIII/VWF concentrate that can be used as an alternative to the current replacement therapy in patients with VWD to provide an adequate haemostasis during surgical procedures and treatment of bleeding episodes.
RET rearrangements and BRAF mutation in undifferentiated thyroid carcinomas having papillary carcinoma components
Authors: Mochizuki Kunio , Kondo Tetsuo , Nakazawa Tadao , Iwashina Masanori , Kawasaki Tomonori , Nakamura Nobuki , Yamane Tetsu , Murata Shin‐ichi , Ito Koichi , Kameyama Kaori , Kobayashi Makio , Katoh Ryohei 
Published: September 2010

Mochizuki K, Kondo T, Nakazawa T, Iwashina M, Kawasaki T, Nakamura N, Yamane T, Murata S‐i, Ito K, Kameyama K, Kobayashi M & Katoh R (2010) Histopathology 57, 444–450 RET rearrangements and BRAF mutation in undifferentiated thyroid carcinomas having papillary carcinoma componentsAims:  To elucidate the genetic background of anaplastic transformation, RET rearrangements and BRAF mutation were studied in composite undifferentiated carcinomas (UCs) of the thyroid, which are UCs having papillary carcinoma (PC) components.Methods and results:  Reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction (RT–PCR) was performed for RET rearrangements and PCR for BRAF mutation in UC and PC components that were microdissected separately from seven composite UCs. Forty‐two thyroid cancers with single component histology (14 UCs and 28 PCs) were also studied in the same manner. RET/PTC1 was undetectable in both components from all seven composite UCs, and RET/PTC3 was identified in both components of one composite UC. BRAF mutation was identified in both components from three composite UCs and only in the PC components from two composite UCs. In contrast, in thyroid carcinomas with single component histology, RET/PTC1 was detected in 11% of PCs and in none of the UCs, and RET/PTC3 was not found in any of the tumours studied. BRAF mutation was identified in 82% of PCs and in 21% of UCs.Conclusions:  The high frequency of BRAF mutation and the absence of RET rearrangements in UC components from composite UCs supports the hypothesis that UCs may actually represent progressive malignant degeneration of a BRAF‐mutated, well‐differentiated thyroid carcinoma.
Liberibacters associated with orange jasmine in Brazil: incidence in urban areas and relatedness to citrus liberibacters
Authors: Lopes S. A. , Frare G. F. , Camargo L. E. A. , Wulff N. A. , Teixeira D. C. , Bassanezi R. B. , Beattie G. A. C. , Ayres A. J. 
Published: September 2010

Two surveys (2005/2006 and 2009) were conducted in the state of São Paulo, Brazil, to investigate the incidence of ‘Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus’ and ‘Ca. L. americanus’, two liberibacters associated with citrus huanglongbing (HLB) disease and both transmitted by Diaphorina citri, in orange jasmine (Murraya exotica), a widespread ornamental tree in cities and villages. The graft‐transmissibility of the two species, and their DNA relatedness to citrus‐associated liberibacters, were also investigated. Quantitative PCR was applied to PCR‐positive orange jasmine and HLB‐positive citrus growing in backyards and orchards to assess their inoculum source potentials. Liberibacters were detected in 91 of 786 sampled orange jasmine plants in 10 of 76 sampled locations. PCR‐positive trees exhibited yellow shoots and/or dieback symptoms indistinguishable from those on PCR‐negative trees. ‘Candidatus Liberibacter americanus’ was more common in 2005/2006 (96·6%) and ‘Ca. L. asiaticus’ in 2009 (84·8%). rplJ nucleotide sequences were identical within all populations of either species. Graft transmission succeeded only in homologous host combinations, including ‘Ca. L. americanus’ (2/10) from/to orange jasmine and ‘Ca. L. americanus’ (5/18) and ‘Ca. L. asiaticus’ (5/9) from/to citrus. Symptoms were mild and developed less rapidly in orange jasmine than in citrus, probably as a result of lower liberibacter multiplication rates. Respective titres of ‘Ca. L. americanus’ and ‘Ca. L. asiaticus’ in orange jasmine averaged 4·3 and 3·0 log cells g−1 tissue, compared with 5·5 and 7·3 in citrus. The results indicate that orange jasmine does not favour liberibacter multiplication as much as citrus. However, its importance in HLB epidemics should not be underestimated as it is a preferred host of D. citri and is not under any strict tree‐eradication programme or measures for insect control.
Bacterial response to contrasting sediment geochemistry in the Central Indian Basin
Authors: DAS ANINDITA , FERNANDES CHRISTABELLE E. G. , NAIK SONALI S. , NAGENDER NATH B. , SURESH I. , MASCARENHAS‐PEREIRA M. B. L. , GUPTA S. M. , KHADGE N. H. , PRAKASH BABU C. , BOROLE D. V. , SUJITH P. P. , VALSANGKAR ANIL B. , SHASHIKANT MOURYA BABU , BICHE SUSHANTA U. , SHARMA RAHUL , LOKA BHARATHI P. A. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractIn order to investigate whether geochemical, physiographic and lithological differences in two end‐member sedimentary settings could evoke varied microbe–sediment interactions, two 25 cm long sediment cores from contrasting regions in the Central Indian Basin have been examined. Site TVBC 26 in the northern siliceous realm (10°S, 75·5°E) is organic‐C rich with 0·3 ± 0·09% total organic carbon. Site TVBC 08 in the southern pelagic red clay realm (16°S, 75·5°E), located on the flank of a seamount in a mid‐plate volcanic area with hydrothermal alterations of recent origin, is organic‐C poor (0·1 ± 0·07%). Significantly higher bacterial viability under anaerobic conditions, generally lower microbial carbon uptake and higher numbers of aerobic sulphur oxidizers at the mottled zones, characterize core TVBC 26. In the carbon‐poor environment of core TVBC 08, a doubling of the14C uptake, a 250 times increase in the number of autotrophic nitrifiers, a four‐fold lowering in the number of aerobic sulphur oxidizers and a higher order of denitrifiers exists when compared with core TVBC 26; this suggests the prevalence of a potentially autotrophic microbial community in core TVBC 08 in response to hydrothermal activity.Microbial activity at the northern TVBC 26 is predominantly heterotrophic with enhanced chemosynthetic activity restricted to tan‐green mottled zones. The southern TVBC 08 is autotrophic with increased heterotrophic activity in the deepest layers. Notably, the bacterial activity is generally dependent on the surface productivity in TVBC 26, the carbon‐rich core, and mostly independent in TVBC 08, the carbon‐poor, hydrothermally influenced core. The northern sediment is more organic sink‐controlled and the southern sediment is more hydrothermal source‐controlled. Hydrothermal activity and associated rock alteration processes may be more relevant than organic matter delivery in these deep‐sea sediments. Thus, this study highlights the relative importance of hydrothermal activity versus organic delivery in evoking different microbial responses in the Central Indian Basin sediments.
Automicrite in a ‘nummulite bank’ from the Monte Saraceno (Southern Italy): evidence for synsedimentary cementation
Authors: GUIDO ADRIANO , PAPAZZONI CESARE A. , MASTANDREA ADELAIDE , MORSILLI MICHELE , LA RUSSA MAURO F. , TOSTI FABIO , RUSSO FRANCO 
Published: September 2010

AbstractFollowing introduction of the term ‘nummulite bank’, there has been debate regarding interpretation of these types of deposits as autochthonous (automicrite) or allochthonous (detrital micrite). These banks are made up of large foraminifera and ill‐defined fine‐grained components. The fine‐grained components consist mainly of micrites. The recognition of automicrite has deep implications for the synsedimentary cementation and stabilization of the bank. In order to distinguish between automicrite and detrital micrite, the nanomorphology, geochemistry and organic matter remains in the microfacies of a nummulite bank in the Middle Eocene of Monte Saraceno (Gargano, Southern Italy) were analysed. Optical and scanning electron microscope investigations showed that the micrites have been recrystallized to aggrading microsparite. Epifluorescence observations on selected micrite/microsparite areas with peloidal texture revealed the presence of organic matter. Scanning electron microscope analyses on epifluorescent micrites showed that the microbial peloids have smaller crystal sizes than those in organic matter‐depleted areas. The geochemical characterization of extracted organic matter, performed through the functional group analyses by Fourier transform‐infrared spectroscopy, shows strong prevalence of the aromatic fraction over the aliphatic and carboxylic ones. These characteristics of organic compounds indicate both their thermal maturation and their likely derivation from degradation of bacterial communities. The local presence of peloidal anti‐gravity textures, bright epifluorescence and organic molecules in clotted peloidal areas suggest that the metabolic activity of microbial communities could have induced precipitation of these micrites and, consequently, the syndepositional cementation of the nummulite bank. This type of cementation can rapidly stabilize sediments and promote the depositional bank geometry.
What happens after diagnosis? Understanding the experiences of patients with newly‐diagnosed bipolar disorder
Authors: Proudfoot Judith G , Parker Gordon B , Benoit Megan , Manicavasagar Vijaya , Smith Meg , Gayed Aimee 
Published: September 2010

AbstractBipolar disorder is chronic condition involving episodes of both depression and elevated mood, associated with significant disability and high relapse rates. Recent estimates suggest a lifetime prevalence of 5%. Little is known about the subjective experiences of patients after receiving a diagnosis of bipolar disorder, and the impact of these experiences on patients' willingness and ability to work with their health professionals to find the most effective combination of treatments and to set up self‐management plans.Objective  This paper describes a qualitative study exploring the experiences and difficulties faced by patients after they have received a diagnosis of bipolar disorder, as expressed online to expert patients trained to provide informed support.Design  Qualitative study.Setting  Online communication within a public health service setting.Participants  Twenty‐six participants with recently‐diagnosed bipolar disorder communicated online with ‘Informed Supporters’, people who had been managing their bipolar disorder effectively for 2 years or more, as part of an online psycho‐education programme.Results  Participants cited unwanted side‐effects of medication, coping with unpleasant symptoms, positive and negative reactions to the diagnosis, identifying early warning signs and triggers of the illness, the loss of a sense of self, uncertainty about their future and stigma as issues of major importance after diagnosis.Conclusions  Personal concerns and difficulties following diagnosis can undermine effective treatment, thwart self‐management efforts and interfere with effective functioning. Such data are important for clinicians to take into account when they work in partnership with their patients to fine‐tune treatments and help them set up self‐management plans.
Five‐year incidence and progression of thyroid dysfunction in an older population
Authors: Gopinath B. , Wang J. J. , Kifley A. , Wall J. R. , Eastman C. J. , Leeder S. R. , Mitchell P. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractBackground: Very few studies have assessed both the incidence and progression of thyroid dysfunction in a single older population‐based cohort. In this study, we aimed to assess the 5‐year incidence, progression and risk factors for development of thyroid dysfunction in an older Australian population.Methods: The Blue Mountains Eye Study is a longitudinal population‐based cohort study. During 1997–1999, 1768 participants (≥55 years) had thyroid function assessed. After excluding participants reporting any form of treatment for their thyroid condition at baseline, 951 participants (91.4%) without thyroid dysfunction and 54 (5.4%) with thyroid dysfunction were re‐examined 5 years later. Thyroid dysfunction was defined using serum thyrotropin (thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH)) screen, followed by serum free T4 assessment.Results: The overall 5‐year incidence of thyroid dysfunction was 4.7% (95% confidence interval (CI) 3.4–6.1). Obesity (body mass index ≥ 30 kg/m2) and serum TSH > 2 mIU/L at baseline predicted incident overt hypothyroidism (odds ratio (OR) 4.05, CI 1.74–9.41) and (OR 5.46, CI 1.16–25.67) respectively. The 5‐year incidence of subclinical hypothyroidism was significantly higher in women than in men, 2.5% versus 0.7% (P= 0.03). Progression to overt hypothyroidism was observed in 17.9% of subjects with subclinical hypothyroidism over 5 years.Conclusions: The 5‐year incidence of thyroid dysfunction in this older population was relatively low, and was associated with obesity and serum TSH level > 2 mIU/L at baseline. Over one in six persons with subclinical hypothyroidism progressed to overt thyroid dysfunction over the 5‐year period. Our findings highlight the need for appropriate management of subclinical hypothyroidism among older people.
Sliding scale insulin: will the false idol finally fall?
Authors: Cheung N. W. , Chipps D. R. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractDespite a lack of evidence that sliding scale insulin has any clinical benefit, and some evidence that it may even be detrimental, sliding scale insulin is still commonly prescribed in hospitals today. Adopting a proactive rather than a reactive approach to managing diabetes by the use of ‘supplemental insulin’, given in conjunction with either considered adjustments to the patient's regular anti‐diabetic therapy or the provision of basal insulin, is a more effective and safer means of improving glycaemic control in hospital. There are now randomized trial data to support this approach. These data, together with the recognition that there is no evidence base for the use of sliding scale insulin, coupled with changes to insulin prescribing charts in Australia, should lead to the demise of sliding scale insulin use in hospital.
Difference in subjective well‐being between ethnic Korean and Japanese elderly residents in an urban community in Japan
Authors: Moon Jong‐Seong , Mikami Hiroshi 
Published: September 2010

Background:  The ethnic Korean community in Japan has witnessed the increasing aging of their population structure. The purpose of our study was to clarify the differences in standards of living between elderly ethnic Korean and elderly Japanese populations living in Japan, and to examine whether there is any difference in subjective well‐being between the two populations.Methods:  We conducted a cross‐sectional questionnaire‐based survey that consisted of items addressing ethnicity, age, gender, literacy, living conditions, mental health, “sense of purpose in life”, activities of daily living (ADL), medical history, quality of life (QOL), and receipt of pension benefits and public assistance; the participants were 425 elderly people (ethnic Korean residents in Japan, n = 204; Japanese, n = 221) aged 65 and older living in a community in Osaka City. Findings from the two groups were compared using the Student's t‐test and the χ2 test. We also employed multiple linear regression analysis.Results:  We found that the ethnic Korean group had less formal education (P < 0.001), lower ADL (P < 0.05) and QOL (P < 0.001), higher illiteracy (P < 0.05) and depression rates (P < 0.001), and a higher prevalence of hypertension, myocardial infarction and diabetes mellitus than the Japanese group. Ethnicity was a significant variable for subjective well‐being in simple linear regression analysis. After adjusting for literacy, absence of sense of purpose in life and mental health in multiple regression analysis, ethnicity remained a significant variable.Conclusions:  The present findings indicate that ethnic Korean elderly have poor health and social situations compared with the Japanese group, and that there was a difference in subjective well‐being between the two ethnic groups.
Physician characteristics associated with prescription of inappropriate medications using Beers criteria
Authors: Imai Hirohisa , Fick Donna M. , Waller Jennifer L. , Maclean J. Ross 
Published: September 2010

Background:  The prescription of potentially inappropriate medications (PIM) for elderly patients represents a major problem. In the published work, various practice characteristics associated with physicians prescribing habits have been reported. However, existing data has shed little light on the characteristics of physicians who tend to prescribe PIM. We examined whether personal, professional or practice characteristics differ between physicians who prescribe PIM and those who do not.Methods:  The subjects comprised primary care and general practice physicians. Physicians were identified from the pharmacy database of a managed care organization as having prescribed medications for Medicare patients over 65 years enrolled in a managed care plan. We adopted Beers criteria to describe the prevalence of PIM use. The physicians were divided into three groups according to number of PIM prescribed. To examine the extent of associations between all the physician‐related characteristics studied, polychotomous logistic regression was conducted.Results:  Physicians who prescribed one to five PIMs were 0.63 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.41–0.98) times more likely to have publications than physicians who prescribed no PIM. Physicians who prescribed more than six PIM were 3.18 (95% CI, 2.05–4.95) times more likely to be certified by an internal medicine board, 0.48 (95% CI, 0.30–0.78) times more likely to have publications, and 1.84 (95% CI, 1.01–3.35) times more likely to be in solo practice than physicians who prescribed no PIM.Conclusion:  In this study, we found three predictors of PIM prescribing incidence. Since the current study could only describe associations and not causality, further research is necessary.
Chronic administration of Sildenafil improves markers of endothelial function in men with Type 2 diabetes
Authors: Aversa A. , Vitale C. , Volterrani M. , Fabbri A. , Spera G. , Fini M. , Rosano G. M. C. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractObjective  Diabetic patients have a reduced endothelial response to phosphodiesterase‐5 inhibitors. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of chronic therapy with sildenafil on endothelial function in patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2).Methods  In a double‐blind, placebo‐controlled parallel design, 20 patients without erectile dysfunction randomly received a loading dose of sildenafil (100 mg) for 3 days, followed by either sildenafil 25 mg three times a day (t.d.s.) for 4 weeks or sildenafil 25 mg t.d.s. for 4 days followed by placebo t.d.s. for 3 weeks.Results  After 1 week, flow‐mediated dilatation (FMD) improved significantly (> 50% compared with baseline) in patients allocated to both sildenafil arms (62 and 64%, respectively). In patients allocated to chronic sildenafil, a progressive increase in percentage of patients with FMD improvement was noted (78, 86 and 94% at 2, 3 and 4 weeks, respectively) while a progressive decrease in the placebo group occurred (45, 18 and 6% at 2, 3 and 4 weeks, respectively). At the end of the study, a significant improvement in FMD compared with baseline was noted after chronic sildenafil (FMD from 6.8 ± 0.5 to 12.5 ± 0.7%, P = 0.01 vs. baseline). A decrease in endothelin‐1 levels and an increase in nitrite/nitrate levels were found after chronic sildenafil; significant changes from baseline in C‐reactive protein, interleukin 6, intercellular adhesion molecule and vascular adhesion molecule levels were also found.Conclusions  In DM2 patients, daily sildenafil administration improves endothelial function and reduces markers of vascular inflammation, suggesting that the diabetes‐induced impairment of endothelial function may be improved by prolonged phosphodiesterase‐5 inhibition.Diabet. Med. 25, 37–44 (2008)
Comparison of continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) and multiple daily injections (MDI) in paediatric Type 1 diabetes: a multicentre matched‐pair cohort analysis over 3 years
Authors: Jakisch B. I. , Wagner V. M. , Heidtmann B. , Lepler R. , Holterhus P‐M. , Kapellen T. M. , Vogel C. , Rosenbauer J. , Holl R. W. ,   on behalf of the German/Austrian DPV Initiative and the Working Group for Paediatric Pump Therapy
Published: September 2010

AbstractAims  To conduct a multicentre, matched‐pair cohort analysis comparing glycaemic control and adverse events of continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) with multiple daily injections (MDI) in paediatric patients.Methods  Using standardized computer‐based prospective documentation, HbA1c, insulin dose, body mass index–standard deviation score (BMI–SDS), rate of hypoglycaemia, rate of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) and intensity of care were analysed in 434 matched pairs during a follow‐up period of 3 years after initiation of MDI or CSII.Results  HbA1c was significantly lower in the CSII group during the first year of new regimen (CSII 7.5 ± 0.05 vs. MDI 7.7 ± 0.06; P < 0.05), but rose to the same level as in the MDI group during year 3. Insulin requirement remained significantly lower in the CSII group. The BMI–SDS increased in both study groups, with no significant difference. The rate of severe hypoglycaemia decreased significantly after the change of regimen (CSII 17.87 ± 2.85 vs. MDI 25.14 ± 3.79; P < 0.05) and during year 3 of the regimen, particularly when compared with baseline (−21% vs. −16%). The rate of DKA was lower at baseline in the CSII group and remained significantly lower over all 3 years. Intensity of care was the same in both subsets.Conclusions  Employing a large cohort, this matched‐pair analysis has demonstrated over a 3‐year study period that CSII is a safe form of intensive insulin therapy with similar glycaemic effects, but with significantly reduced rates of hypoglycaemia and DKA and a lower insulin requirement when compared with MDI.