bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
End-of-Life Care for People with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease A Scoping Review Protocol
Authors: Minami Kotoko , Unozawa Chihiro , Matsunaga Arina , Kamei Tomoko 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a progressive inflammatory disease that has a typical illness trajectory. Awareness of unique disease courses as well as providing end-of-life care (EOLC) for COPD patients is important as most patients experience varied degrees of suffering toward the end of life. The purpose of this scoping review is to map out key concepts, main sources, and types of evidence available in the area of research on EOLC with multiple interventions for people with COPD.
Methods
This scoping review will be conducted following the latest Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) guidelines. In addition, this review process will adhere to the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analysis extension for scoping reviews (PRISMA-ScR). The initial simple search concepts will be set out as "chronic obstructive pulmonary disease" and “end-of-life care”. Based on the eligibility criteria, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), PubMed, CINAHL with Full Text, Embase, PsycINFO, and Google Scholar databases will be searched, and all quantitative and qualitative studies of the after-year publication of each electronic database will be included. This process of literature selection will be carried out independently by each researcher. The results will be summarised in a narrative synthesis approach and the gaps and potential biases of the evidence identified by comparing the adopted articles for EOLC with multiple interventions for people with COPD.
Discussion
This scoping review will outline in detail the evidence and the gaps from primary studies that have been gathered from the qualitative and quantitative literature based on all eligibility criteria. Therefore, the results of this review will contribute to a new field of systematic reviews. Furthermore, providing an outline of an EOLC for COPD in this study may improve the practice of healthcare professionals in this area. Ethical approval and consent are not required as no human participants were involved in this study.
Systematic review registration
This research has been registered in the Open Science Framework (OSF) (https://osf.io/upd4a)
A Deep Learning Approach for Evaluating the Efficacy and Accuracy of PoseNet for Posture Detection
Authors: Singh Gurinder , George Remya P , Ahmad Nazia , Hussain Sajithunisa , Ather Danish , Kler Rajneesh 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

This paper investigates the posture identification capabilities of a deep learning framework known as PoseNet across different platforms, including ml5.js and JavaScript. The primary objective is to assess the accuracy and effectiveness of PoseNet's performance in identifying and interpreting human poses across different scenarios. Combining the adaptability and accessibility of JavaScript with PoseNet to develop web-based posture detection applications that are intuitive to users is the subject of this research. A series of comprehensive experiments were conducted, employing a varied dataset to evaluate the performance of the model across various environments. PoseNet has the potential to be a valuable tool for real-time applications due to its constant and dependable ability to identify poses, as demonstrated by our research. The research offers various perspectives on the pragmatic challenges associated with the implementation of deep learning models in digital environments. Additionally, the implementation challenges and limitations are assessed. The findings provide a substantial contribution to the expanding domain of accessible machine learning by emphasizing the feasibility and efficacy of using frameworks based on JavaScript to accomplish intricate assignments such as posture detection.
Systematic Review on Neural Architecture Search
Authors: Avval Sasan Salmani Pour , Yaghoubi Vahid , Eskue Nathan D. , Groves Roger M. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Machine Learning (ML) has revolutionized various fields, enabling the development of intelligent systems capable of solving complex problems. However, the process of manually designing and optimizing ML models is often timeconsuming, labor-intensive, and requires specialized expertise. To address these challenges, Automatic Machine Learning (AutoML) has emerged as a promising approach that automates the process of selecting and optimizing ML models. Within the realm of AutoML, Neural Architecture Search (NAS) has emerged as a powerful technique that automates the design of neural network architectures, the core components of ML models. It has recently gained significant attraction due to its capability to discover novel and efficient architectures that surpass human-designed counterparts. This manuscript aims to present a systematic review of the literature on this topic published between 2017 and 2023 to identify, analyze, and classify the different types of algorithms developed for NAS. The methodology follows the guidelines of Systematic Literature Review (SLR) methods. Consequently, this study identified 160 articles that provide a comprehensive overview of the field of NAS, encompassing discussion on current works, their purposes, conclusions, and predictions of the direction of this science branch in its main core pillars: Search Space (SSp), Search Strategy (SSt), and Validation Strategy (VSt). Subsequently, the key milestones and advancements that have shaped the field are highlighted. Moreover, we discuss the challenges and open issues that remain in the field. We envision that NAS will continue to play a pivotal role in the advancement of ML, enabling the development of more intelligent and efficient ML models for a wide range of applications.
Integrated bioprocessing and genetic strategies to enhance soluble expression of anti-HER2 immunotoxin in E. coli
Authors: Mani Sheida , Arab Bahareh , Akbari Vajihe , Chou C. Perry 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Immunotoxins are widely applied for cancer therapy. However, bacterial expression of immunotoxins usually leads to the formation of insoluble and non-functional recombinant proteins. In this study, we aimed to improve soluble expression of a novel anti-HER2 immunotoxin under the regulation of the trc promoter in Escherichia coli by optimization of the cultivation conditions using response surface methodology (RSM). To conduct RSM, four cultivation variables (i.e., inducer concentration, post-induction time, post-induction temperature, and medium recipe), were selected for statistical characterization and optimization using the Box-Behnken design and Design Expert software. Based on the developed model using the Box-Behnken design, the optimal cultivation conditions for soluble expression of anti-HER2 immunotoxin were determined to be 0.1 mM IPTG for induction in the LB medium at 33 °C for 18 h. The expressed immunotoxin was successfully purified using affinity chromatography with more than 90% purity and its bioactivity was confirmed using cell-based ELISA. Technical approach developed in this study can be generally applied to enhance the production yield and quality of recombinant proteins using E. coli as the gene expression system.
Integrated catalytic systems for simultaneous NOx and PM reduction: A comprehensive evaluation of synergistic performance and combustion waste energy utilization
Authors: Bakhchin Dikra , Ravi Rajesh , Douadi Oumaima , Faqir Mustapha , Essadiqi Elhachmi 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

The global transition towards sustainable automotive vehicles has driven the demand for energy-efficient internal combustion engines with advanced aftertreatment systems capable of reducing nitrogen oxides (NOx) and particulate matter (PM) emissions. This comprehensive review explores the latest advancements in aftertreatment technologies, focusing on the synergistic integration of in-cylinder combustion strategies, such as low-temperature combustion (LTC), with post-combustion purification systems. Selective catalytic reduction (SCR), lean NOx traps (LNT), and diesel particulate filters (DPF) are critically examined, highlighting novel catalyst formulations and system configurations that enhance low-temperature performance and durability. The review also investigates the potential of energy conversion and recovery techniques, including thermoelectric generators and organic Rankine cycles, to harness waste heat from the exhaust and improve overall system efficiency. By analyzing the complex interactions between engine operating parameters, combustion kinetics, and emission formation, this study provides valuable insights into the optimization of integrated LTC-aftertreatment systems. Furthermore, the review emphasizes the importance of considering real-world driving conditions and transient operation in the development and evaluation of these technologies. The findings presented in this article lay the foundation for future research efforts aimed at overcoming the limitations of current aftertreatment systems and achieving superior emission reduction performance in advanced combustion engines, ultimately contributing to the development of sustainable and efficient automotive technologies.
Inhibition of mitochondrial OMA1 ameliorates osteosarcoma tumorigenesis
Authors: Xia Xiaodan , Chen Lingyan , Chen Dejian , Pan Yiming , Mo Yimei , Lai Biyu , Zhang Da-wei 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

OMA1 is an ATP-independent zinc metalloprotease that is essential for maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis and plays a vital role in tumorigenesis. Depending on the type of cancer, a decrease in OMA1 expression has been linked to a better or worse prognosis for patients. The role of OMA1 in human osteosarcoma (OS), one of the most prevalent malignant bone tumors, remains elusive. Here, we observed elevated OMA1 expression in OS tumor tissues from two patients with advanced OS. Knockout of OMA1 in OS cells significantly reduces OS tumor weight and size, and lung metastatic nodules in BALB/c nude mice. Immunohistochemistry analysis showed a significant decrease in Ki67 and an increase in cleaved caspase 3 in OMA1 knockout tumor samples. Mechanistically, we found that OMA1 deficiency increases the levels of PINK1 and Parkin, activates mitophagy, induces apoptosis, and reduces cell proliferation and invasion in OS cells. Lack of OMA1 also reduces the amount of cytosolic p53 and p53-associated cytosolic Parkin but increases mitochondrial p53, which may lead to enhanced apoptosis. Furthermore, loss of OMA1 increases cytosolic glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK3β) levels, leading to increased interaction between GSK3β and β-catenin and reduced cytosolic and nuclear β-catenin. This contributes, at least in part, to reduced cell proliferation and migration in OMA1-deficient cells. Moreover, we found that ciclopirox (CPX), an antifungal drug, induces OMA1 degradation in cultured OS cells. CPX also reduces tumor development of control OS cells, but does not further reduce tumor development of OMA1-deficient OS cells in mice. These findings strongly support an important role of OMA1 in OS tumorigenesis and suggest that OMA1 may be a valuable prognostic marker for OS and a promising therapeutic target for the treatment of OS.
Identifying and Optimizing Critical Process Parameters for Large-Scale Manufacturing of iPSC Derived Insulin-Producing β-cells
Authors: Yehya Haneen , Wells Alexandra , Majcher Michael , Nakhwa Dhruv , King Ryan , Senturk Faruk , Padmanabhan Roshan , Jensen Jan , Bukys Michael A. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background
Type 1 diabetes, an autoimmune disorder leading to the destruction of pancreatic β-cells, requires lifelong insulin therapy. Islet transplantation offers a promising solution but faces challenges such as limited availability and the need for immunosuppression. Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) provide a potential alternative source of functional β-cells and have the capability for large-scale production. However, current differentiation protocols, predominantly conducted in hybrid or 2D settings, lack scalability and optimal conditions for suspension culture.
Methods
We examined a range of bioreactor scaleup process parameters and quality target product profiles that might affect the differentiation process. This investigation was conducted using an optimized HD-DoE protocol designed for scalability and implemented in 0.5L (PBS-0.5 Mini) vertical wheel bioreactors.
Results
A three stage suspension manufacturing process is developed, transitioning from adherent to suspension culture, with TB2 media supporting iPSC growth during scaling. Stage-wise optimization approaches and extended differentiation times are used to enhance marker expression and maturation of iPSC-derived islet-like clusters. Continuous bioreactor runs were used to study nutrient and growth limitations and impact on differentiation. The continuous bioreactors were compared to a Control media change bioreactor showing metabolic shifts and a more bcell-like differentiation profile. Cryopreserved aggregates harvested from the runs were recovered and showed maintenance of viability and insulin secretion capacity post-recovery, indicating their potential for storage and future transplantation therapies.
Conclusion
This study demonstrated that stage time increase and limited media replenishing with lactate accumulation can increase the differentiation capacity of insulin producing cells cultured in a large-scale suspension environment.
The Readiness of Jordanian-listed Firms toward CAATTs Application in the Post Covid-19 Epidemic period
Authors: Alnatour Abdulrahman , Al-Mawali Hamzah , zaidan Hala , Kawuq Shatha , meqbel Rasmi 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Purpose
This study examines the readiness of Jordanian-listed firms toward the application of Computer Assisted Audit Tools and Techniques (CAATTs) during the post-Covid-19 epidemic period. In particular, we identify the factors impacting the adoption of CAATTs from the auditee perspective based on the Organizational Readiness for Change (ORC) model, including motivation for change, staff attributes, institutional resources, organizational climate and the Technology Readiness Index (TRI) factors, namely, optimism, innovativeness, discomfort and insecurity.
Design/methodology/approach
A cross-sectional survey was developed and distributed to 138 employees working in the accounting departments of Jordanian-listed firms. Where partial least square structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) is used to examine the study hypotheses.
Findings
The results show a significant direct relationship of motivation for change, staff attributes, institutional resources, organizational climate and discomfort on readiness for change. Moreover, the results reveal that perceived fear of Covid-19 has a moderating effect on the direct relationship between motivation for change and readiness for change. However, the proposed relationships between optimism, innovativeness and insecurity with readiness for change were not significant.
Originality/value
This paper highlights the readiness toward CAATTs application from the auditee perspective rather than the external auditors. Moreover, this paper considers the changes in the work environment resulting from the Covid-19 pandemic on the motivation for change toward CAATTs. Where the study proposes four external constructs that impact the readiness of Jordanian-listed firms toward the application of CAATTs following the ORC model. Furthermore, it provides another four internal factors that can also impact readiness for CAATTs adoption following the TRI. Lastly, the paper reveals the moderating role of perceived fear of Covid-19 on the influence of motivation for change on readiness to change. Hence, this paper set the basis for policymakers and practitioners toward evaluating the readiness of Jordanian-listed firms for CAATTs application.
Flood hazard assessment of road national 2 intersection with wadi sefrou (North Est of Morocco)
Authors: Toufik Zahaf , Farid Boushaba , Chourak Mimoun , Maelaynayn El Baida 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

The city of Bni drar in the NE of Morocco experienced frequent and regular share of flood events, especially at its main road where it’s commonly submerged by floodwaters during these events. Because of its crucial significance and role in the transportation infrastructure of the region, this study aims to analyze and evaluate flood hazard in Bni Drar, with a specific focus on its impact on the national road N2 as it crosses the Sefrou wadi. Rainfall-runoff transformation was conducted using HEC-HMS model, resulting in flow hydrographs for 10, 20, 50, and 100 years return period. These hydrographs constituted an input for IBER hydrodynamic model, enabling the simulation of flood depth and velocity for a return period of 100 years. Flood hazard was categorized by taking into account both flood depth and velocity. The maximum water depth in the study area is 2.7 meters for 100 years return period. Regarding flow velocity, the maximum value is 2 meters per second. The acquired hazard maps possess the capability to bolster flood risk management within the research region by furnishing a geospatial decision support instrument to empower local authorities. This enables the prompt execution of preventive measures against flood risks and fortifies the resilience of the territory.
Antineoplastic with DNA fragmentation assay and anti-oxidant, anti- inflammatory with gene expression activity of Lactobacillus plantarum isolated From local Egyptian milk products
Authors: Elhalik Mohamed , Mekky Alsayed E. , Khedr Mohamed , Suleiman Waleed B. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Probiotic bacteria are emerging as promising biotherapeutic agents and environmentally friendly alternatives to antibiotics. They play crucial roles as antioxidants and anti-inflammatory agents, all while minimizing adverse side effects. A significant portion of lactic acid bacteria (LAB), known for their human health benefits, are derived from milk and have been utilized in biotherapeutic applications or for producing valuable metabolites (nutraceuticals). However, the specific role of milk-associated LAB in biotherapeutics remains underexplored. To address this, eight milk product samples were randomly selected from a market in Egypt, diluted, and then cultured anaerobically on MRS agar. From these samples, 16 suspected LAB isolates were obtained and underwent rapid preliminary identification. Among these isolates, the Lactobacillus plantarum strain (OQ547261.1) was identified and shown to exhibit strong antioxidant activity. This activity was evaluated using the DPPH assay at various concentrations, ranging from 1000 to 1.95 µg/mL. The results revealed that L. plantarum displayed notable antioxidant activities of 71.8% and 93.8% at concentrations of 125–1000 µg/mL, respectively. In contrast, lower concentrations of 7.81, 3.9, and 1.95 µg/mL showed activities of 45.1%, 34.2%, and 27.2%, respectively, compared to ascorbic acid (the standard reference drug). The anti-inflammatory efficacy of L. plantarum was evaluated based on its capability to prevent hemolysis induced by hypotonic conditions in a laboratory setting. At a concentration of 1000 µg/mL, L. plantarum managed to reduce hemolysis by 97.7%, nearly matching the 99.5% inhibition rate achieved by the standard drug, indomethacin, at an identical concentration. Moreover, L. plantarum exhibited high hemolytic activity at 100 µg/mL (14.3%), which decreased to 1.4% at 1000 µg/mL. Analysis using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) determined the presence of polyphenolic compounds in L. plantarum, showing an abundance of phenolic acids and flavonoids. Real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) demonstrated that L. plantarum increased gene expression of the inflammatory marker TLR2 by 133%, and cellular oxidation markers SOD1 and SOD2 by 65% and 74.2%, respectively, while suppressing CRP expression by 33.3%. These results underscore L. plantarum's exceptional anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. Furthermore, L. plantarum induces cancer cell death through necrotic nuclear DNA fragmentation. These findings suggest that L. plantarum is not only suitable for nutraceutical production but also holds potential as a probiotic strain. Future research should focus on enhancing the capacity of this strain across various industries and fostering innovation in multiple fields.
Ecotoxicological assessment of ammonium glufosinate (Finale®) on Eisenia andrei (Bouché 1972)
Authors: Silva Rafaela Oliva da , Schedenffeldt Bruna Ferrari , Dias André Lélis , Siqueira Bruno Barburgian Ramalho , Monquero Patricia Andrea 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Amid rising pesticide use, particularly ammonium glufosinate, and the emergence of herbicide-resistant weeds and glufosinate-tolerant transgenic crops, it is vital to understand the effects of herbicides on terrestrial ecosystems. This study aimed to evaluate the ecotoxicological effects of a commercial formulation of ammonium glufosinate (Finale®) on earthworms (Eisenia andrei), focusing on acute, avoidance, and chronic toxicity. The tests were conducted according to ISO standards (11268-1:1993; 11268-2:1998; 17512-1:2008). All trials adopted a completely randomized design (CRD), with six concentrations of the herbicide Finale® (acute: 0, 175, 340, 505, 670, and 835 mg ai kg− 1; chronic and avoidance: 0.0, 3.3, 5.0, 6.7, 8.3, and 10.0 mg ai kg− 1) and four replicates for acute and chronic tests, plus five replicates for the avoidance test. Results indicated significant impacts on the survival, biomass, reproduction, and avoidance behaviors of earthworms at certain concentrations. The LC50-14d was established at 611.68 mg ai kg− 1, indicating moderate toxicity of the herbicide. The EC50 for reproduction effects at 56 days and for inducing escape within 48 hours were determined to be 4.49 mg ai kg− 1 and 3.30 mg ai kg− 1, respectively. Concentrations of 8.3 and 10 mg ai kg− 1 induced the highest escape responses.
Mycoplasma synoviae elongation factor thermo stable is an adhesion-associated protein that enters cells by endocytosis and stimulates DF-1 cell proliferation.
Authors: Zhao Yunhai , Ma Haiyun , Wang Qing , He Xiaoxiao , Xing Xiaoyong , Wu Xiaochun , Quan Guomei , Bao Shijun 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Mycoplasma synoviae is an important avian pathogen that causes respiratory infections and arthritis symptoms in chickens and turkeys, resulting in significant economic damage to the poultry farming industry worldwide. Cell adhesion is a vital stage of Mycoplasma infection, and the proteins associated with this process play an important role in its pathogenesis. Elongation factor thermo stable (EF-Ts) is an important factor in prokaryotic biosynthesis that serves as a guanosine exchange factor for elongation factor thermo unstable (EF-Tu). To date, little is known about the role of EF-Ts in Mycoplasma infection. In this study, we identified EF-Ts as an immunogenic protein in M. synoviae through liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (LC‒MS/MS) screening. We constructed an E. coli recombinant expression vector and prepared a highly efficient rabbit antiserum. Immunoblot analysis and suspension immunofluorescence revealed that the EF-Ts is located in both the cell membrane and cytoplasm. The prepared rabbit EF-Ts antiserum exhibited complement-dependent Mycoplasma-killing activity and inhibited the adhesion of rEF-Ts and M. synoviae to DF-1 cells. An in-vitro binding assay showed that EF-Ts could bind to fibronectin (Fn) and chicken plasminogen (cPlg) in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, EF-Ts could internalize into cells through lipid rafts and clathrin-dependent endocytosis and induce DF-1 cell proliferation. In conclusion, our studies demonstrated that MS EF-Ts is a potentially immunogenic, novel adhesion protein that acts as a critical virulence factor in M. synoviae adhesion to host cells during infection. These studies further deepen our understanding of the pathogenic mechanism of M. synoviae.