bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Automated Chemical Reaction Network Generation and Its Application to Exoplanet Atmospheres
Authors: Yang Jeehyun , Hu Renyu 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
With the advent of JWST and the spectroscopic characterization of exoplanet atmospheres in unprecedented detail, there is a demand for more complete pictures of chemical and photochemical reactions and their impacts on atmospheric composition. Traditionally, building reaction networks for (exo)planetary atmospheres involves manually tracking relevant species and reactions, a time-consuming and error-prone process. This approach’s applicability is also often limited to specific conditions, making it less versatile for different planetary types (i.e., photochemical networks for Jupiters may not be directly applicable to water-rich exoplanets). We introduce an automated approach using a computer-aided chemical reaction network generator, combined with a 1D photochemical kinetic-transport model, offering significant advantages. This approach automatically selects reaction rates through a rate-based iterative algorithm and multiple refinement steps, enhancing model reliability. Also, this approach allows for the efficient simulation of diverse chemical environments, from hydrogen to water, carbon dioxide, and nitrogen-dominated atmospheres. Using WASP-39b and WASP-80b as examples, we demonstrate our approach’s effectiveness, showing good agreement with recent JWST data. Our WASP-39b model aligns with prior studies and JWST observations, capturing photochemically produced sulfur dioxide. The WASP-80b model reveals an atmosphere influenced by deep-interior thermochemistry and vertical mixing, consistent with JWST NIRCam observations. Furthermore, our model identifies a novel initial step for the N2–NH3–HCN pathway that enhances the efficiency of the conversion in high-temperature/high-pressure environments. This automated chemical network generation offers a novel, efficient, and precise framework for studying exoplanetary atmospheres, marking a significant advancement over traditional modeling techniques.
Statistical Investigation of Wave Propagation in the Quiet-Sun Using IRIS Spectroscopic Observations
Authors: Sangal Kartika , Srivastava A. K. , Kayshap P. , Yuan Ding , Scullion E. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
In this analysis, we use spectroscopic observations of the quiet Sun made by the IRIS instrument and investigate wave propagation. We analyze various spectral lines formed in different atmospheric layers, such as the photosphere, chromosphere, and transition region. We examine the Doppler velocity time series at various locations in the quiet Sun to determine the dominant oscillation periods. Our results executing statistical analysis resemble those of the classical physical scenario, indicating that the photosphere is mainly characterized by the dominant 5 minute period, while the chromosphere is primarily associated with the 3 minute oscillation period. In the transition region, we observe a variety of oscillation periods, with dominant periods of 3, 8, and 12 minutes. We estimate the cutoff frequency by deducing the phase difference between two Doppler velocity time series obtained from spectral line pairs in different atmospheric layers formed at different temperatures. This reveals a significant correlation between 3 minute periods in the transition region and photospheric oscillations, suggesting that these oscillations in the transition region might propagate from the photosphere. Additionally, we analyze the phase difference between chromospheric oscillations and photospheric oscillations, demonstrating that only the 3 minute oscillations propagate upward. Based on the statistical analyses, we suggest the presence of magnetoacoustic waves in the solar atmosphere, some of which are propagating from the lower solar atmosphere upward, while some others are propagating downward. The transition region carries both long-period oscillations generated in situ and some photospheric oscillations that are also able to reach there from below.
Where Are the Water Worlds? Identifying Exo-water-worlds Using Models of Planet Formation and Atmospheric Evolution
Authors: Chakrabarty Aritra , Mulders Gijs D. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Planet formation models suggest that the small exoplanets that migrate from beyond the snowline of the protoplanetary disk likely contain water-ice-rich cores (∼50% by mass), also known as water worlds. While the observed radius valley of the Kepler planets is well explained by the atmospheric dichotomy of the rocky planets, precise measurements of the mass and radius of the transiting planets hint at the existence of these water worlds. However, observations cannot confirm the core compositions of those planets, owing to the degeneracy between the density of a bare water-ice-rich planet and the bulk density of a rocky planet with a thin atmosphere. We combine different formation models from the Genesis library with atmospheric escape models, such as photoevaporation and impact stripping, to simulate planetary systems consistent with the observed radius valley. We then explore the possibility of water worlds being present in the currently observed sample by comparing them with simulated planets in the mass–radius–orbital period space. We find that the migration models suggest ≳10% and ≳20% of the bare planets, i.e., planets without primordial H/He atmospheres, to be water-ice-rich around G- and M-type host stars, respectively, consistent with the mass–radius distributions of the observed planets. However, most of the water worlds are predicted to be outside a period of 10 days. A unique identification of water worlds through radial velocity and transmission spectroscopy is likely to be more successful when targeting such planets with longer orbital periods.
Accretion and Uneven Depletion of the Main Asteroid Belt
Authors: Deienno Rogerio , Nesvorný David , Clement Matthew S. , Bottke William F. , Izidoro André , Walsh Kevin J. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The main asteroid belt (MAB) is known to be primarily composed of objects from two distinct taxonomic classes, generically defined here as S- and C-complex. The former probably originated from the inner solar system (interior to Jupiter’s orbit), while the latter probably originated from the outer solar system. Following this definition, (4) Vesta, a V-type residing in the inner MAB (a < 2.5 au), is the sole D > 500 km object akin to the S-complex that potentially formed in situ. This provides a useful constraint on the number of D > 500 km bodies that could have formed, or grown, within the primordial MAB. In this work, we numerically simulate the accretion of objects in the MAB region during the time when gas in the protoplanetary disk still existed while assuming different MAB primordial masses. We then account for the depletion of that population happening after gas disk dispersal. In our analysis, we subdivided the MAB into five subregions and showed that the depletion factor varies throughout the MAB. This results in uneven radial- and size-dependent depletion of the MAB. We show that the MAB primordial mass has to be ≲2.14 × 10−3
M
⊕. Larger primordial masses would lead to the accretion of tens to thousands of S-complex objects with D > 500 km in the MAB. Such large objects would survive depletion even in the outer subregions (a > 2.5 au), thus being inconsistent with observations. Our results also indicate that S-complex objects with D > 200–300 km, including (4) Vesta, are likely to be terrestrial planetesimals implanted into the MAB rather than formed in situ.
Les défis technologiques et organisationnels de l’emploi des seniors
Authors: d’Albis Hippolyte 
Published: May 2024

Fin 2023, le taux d’emploi des 55-64 ans approchait les 59 % en France contre 75 % en Allemagne et près de 78 % en Suède. Pour concrétiser les bénéfices des réformes des retraites, il est nécessaire de relever le défi de l’accroissement de la part des seniors en emploi. Deux pistes doivent être privilégiées : l’adaptation aux changements technologiques par la formation tout au long de la vie et la prise en compte des demandes spécifiques des seniors quant à l’organisation de leur environnement de travail.
Inventons le travail d’aujourd’hui
Authors: Léon Marylise 
Published: May 2024

Trop souvent caché derrière les chiffres de l’emploi ou du chômage, le travail mérite d’être pensé en tant que tel. Deux grands évènements ont contribué à lever le voile posé sur ce sujet : la crise Covid qui a révélé ces travailleurs et travailleuses « essentiels » et pourtant sous-considérés, crise sanitaire qui a également soulevé beaucoup d’interrogations sur le sens et sur notre rapport au travail. Puis, dans ce prolongement, se sont tenues les extraordinaires mobilisations retraites, qui ont été l’expression d’attentes fortes en termes de conditions de travail et de dignité au travail. Ne laissons pas retomber ce sujet dans l’oubli, c’est le quotidien de dizaine de millions de Français dont il s’agit. Partons de leurs aspirations, de leurs difficultés et de leurs propositions pour construire le travail d’aujourd’hui. C’est un enjeu de démocratie.
Jacques Delors : une vie en héritage
Authors: Vignon Jérôme 
Published: May 2024

Récemment décédé, Jacques Delors (1925-2023) aura été une figure importante de la vie politique française et européenne. Ses engagements sont d’une grande cohérence. Marqué par un souci de justice sociale, en résonance avec le personnalisme d’héritage chrétien, il se défie pourtant de toute idéologie. Son appel à se faire « inventeurs de simplicité » peut inspirer encore aujourd’hui.
Rachid Taha, figure inspirante d’une génération en lutte pour la reconnaissance
Authors: Jovelin Emmanuel 
Published: May 2024

Cet article 1 évoque l’implication d’un chanteur hors du commun : Rachid Taha et son groupe, à la marche pour l’égalité et contre le racisme et implicitement à la participation au combat de toute une génération pour la reconnaissance. Il s’agit de montrer dans cet article que les inégalités sociales ressenties par les jeunes issus de l’immigration, la négation de leurs identités culturelles, les discriminations et le racisme les ont mobilisés pour revendiquer leur place au sein de la société française (Jovelin, 2005).
Quelle est l’influence du milieu familial d’origine sur le revenu des jeunes adultes ?
Authors: Sicsic Michaël 
Published: May 2024

Nous mesurons dans cet article le rôle du contexte familial dans la formation des revenus des individus à partir de deux méthodes complémentaires. Nous montrons d’abord que, si les revenus des parents en sont le principal déterminant observable, seule une faible part (un peu moins de 10 %) de la variabilité des rangs des jeunes adultes d’environ 28 ans est expliquée par les variables observables des parents. À partir des revenus de fratries, on estime ensuite qu’environ 25-30 % de la variation des revenus d’un individu seraient liés à l’influence globale de son milieu familial d’origine. Les variables inobservables comme l’éducation familiale ou le patrimoine culturel et génétique auraient donc plus d’influence que les variables observables des parents comme le revenu. Classification JEL : J62, D1, D31, H0.
Frequency of Lyme disease in patients with tick contact and identification of ticks from Bolu province of Turkey
Authors: Arslan Nebil , Gozdas Hasan Tahsin , Yaman Kerem , Karabork Seyda 
Published: May 2024

Background & objectives:
Lyme disease is a multisystemic disease caused by the bacteria in the Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato complex, which is transmitted by ticks of the Ixodes genus. Although there are seroprevalence studies and case reports of Lyme disease from various regions in Turkey, there is no widespread epidemiological research. This study aimed to determine the frequency of Lyme disease in the cases followed-up after tick contact and to examine the isolated ticks to reveal tick population from Bolu province.

Methods:
In this study, cases who applied to the emergency department due to tick contact between April and September 2020 were firstly evaluated in our infectious diseases and clinical microbiology outpatient clinic on the third day of exposure and antibodies against Lyme disease were investigated with the IFA method to exclude the patients who were previously exposed to B. burgdorferi. Thereafter, patients were requested to continue outpatient visits at the 1st and 3rd month control. At these controls, serum samples were taken to study B.burgdorferi antibodies with the ELISA method which were stored at - 20°C until the study day.

Results:
Out of 123 patients who came to first control, 69 patients continued later to at least one of the two controls (either at first or third month). Of these 69 patients, only one (1.4%) was diagnosed with Lyme borreliosis according to clinical and laboratory features. Erythema migrans did not occur in any of the cases. Serum samples were assessed by ELISA method. Asymptomatic infection was detected in 22 cases (30.5%). In addition, we could obtain 46 ticks from our cases and two genera were identified. Forty-two (91.3%) were Ixodes spp., and two (4.3%) were Hyalomma spp.

Interpretation & conclusion:
In this study, which was carried out for the first time in the province of Bolu, it was concluded that the cases presenting with a history of tick contact were most frequently exposed to Ixodes spp ticks, and the probability of developing Lyme borreliosis was low (1,4%) during the three-month follow-up period. Further studies with more number of cases and more extended follow-up period are needed.
Distributivity and base trees for
$P(\kappa)/ {\lt} \kappa$
Authors: Galgon Geoff 
Published: May 2024

AbstractFor
$\kappa $
a regular uncountable cardinal, we show that distributivity and base trees for
$P(\kappa )/{<}\kappa $
of intermediate height in the cardinal interval
$[\omega , \kappa )$
exist in certain models. We also show that base trees of height
$\kappa $
can exist as well as base trees of various heights
$\geq \kappa ^+$
depending on the spectrum of cardinalities of towers in
$P(\kappa )/{<}\kappa $
.
Drug Resistant XDR Typhoid in Children Admitted in a Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Fozia Baloch  , Haseeb Ahmed Abbasi  , Muhammad Maaz Ali Shaikh  , Prem Sagar  , Amir Memon  , Muhammad Amir  
Published: May 2024

Objective: To evaluate the prevalence and patterns of drug-resistant typhoid fever, including extensively drug-resistant (XDR) and multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains, among children admitted to a tertiary care Hospital.
Methodology: This descriptive observational study was done at Paediatric department of LUMHS from May 2022-november 2022. Children aged 1-12 years, both gender and with confirmed diagnosis of typhoid fever based on positive blood cultures were included. Blood culture samples were collected from pediatric patients presenting with suspected typhoid fever are processed according to standard microbiological techniques. Isolation and identification of Salmonella Typhi are performed using appropriate culture media and biochemical tests. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was conducted using standardized methods. Drug resistance patterns, including multidrug resistance (MDR) and extensively drug-resistant (XDR) phenotypes, are determined based on susceptibility testing results. MDR was defined as resistance to at least three classes of antibiotics commonly used for typhoid fever treatment, while XDR indicates additional resistance to fluoroquinolones and third-generation cephalosporins, which are frontline treatment options for typhoid fever. Data was entered and analyzed using SPSS version 26.
Results: A total of 43 patients were studied, their mean age was 5.91 years. Boys were 72.15 and girls were 27.9%. Most of the cases 65.1% were consuming tap water. MDR resistance was observed in 9.4% of the cases, while XDR resistance was highly frequent among 83.7% of the patients. Very few cases 16.3% had history of typhoid vaccination. However, MDR and XDR resistance were statistically insignificant according to type of water consumption (p->0.05).
Conclusion: In conclusion, the study revealed alarmingly high prevalence rates of extensively drug-resistant (XDR) typhoid with multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains observed in 9.4% of cases. These findings emphasize the urgent need for comprehensive strategies that address both antimicrobial resistance and vaccination efforts to combat the increasing burden of XDR typhoid in children.
Simultaneous OI 630 nm imaging observations of thermospheric gravity waves and associated revival of fossil depletions around midnight near the equatorial ionization anomaly (EIA) crest
Authors: Parihar Navin , Padincharapad Saranya , Singh Anand Kumar , Mahavarkar Prasanna , Dimri Ashok Priyadarshan 
Published: May 2024

Abstract. We report F-region airglow imaging of fossil plasma depletions around midnight that revived afresh under persisting thermospheric gravity wave (GW) activity. An all-sky imager recorded these events in OI 630 nm imaging over Ranchi (23.3° N, 85.3° E; mlat. ∼19° N), India, on 16 April 2012. Northward-propagating and east–west-aligned GWs (λ∼210 km, v∼64 m s−1, and τ∼0.91 h) were seen around midnight. Persisting for ∼2 h, this GW activity revived two co-existing and eastward-drifting fossil depletions, DP1 and DP2. GW-driven revival was prominently seen in depletion DP1, wherein its apex height grew from ∼600 to >800 km, and the level of intensity depletion increased from ∼17 % to 50 %. The present study is novel in the sense that simultaneous observations of thermospheric GW activity and the associated evolution of depletion in OI 630 nm airglow imaging, as well as that around local midnight, have not been reported earlier. The current understanding is that GW phase fronts aligned parallel to the geomagnetic field lines and eastward-propagating are more effective in seeding Rayleigh–Taylor (RT) instability. Here, GW fronts were east–west-aligned (i.e., perpendicular to the geomagnetic field lines) and propagated northward, yet they revived fossil depletions.
MANAJEMEN PERSIAPAN PELATIHAN PADUAN SUARA DI KUPANG CITY CHORALE
Authors: Littik Martin Andryas 
Published: May 2024

This article aims to understand the management of Choir training preparations at the Kupang City Chorale, regarding the planning, implementation and monitoring of evaluations that have been carried out. Service here means that the management of the organization does not expect profits, but the organization continues to exist. Kupang City Chorale Choir, a non-formal organization, since the beginning of planning, the organization has explained the vision and mission of the organization to prospective members who come from various church denominations throughout the city of Kupang, which in its implementation, the organization's mission runs well and everything is done without selfless and fear of God. After monitoring and evaluation, there were still some weaknesses in the non-technical management carried out by the Management Board. The conclusion of this article is that a choir can be formed from anyone who wants to sing in a choir
The effect of vitamin D provision on biomarkers of inflammation in bronchial asthma in children
Authors: Belykh N. A. , Pisnyur I. V. , Nikiforov A. A. , Nikiforova L. V. 
Published: May 2024

Introduction. Asthma is a widespread disease in childhood and has a persistent tendency to increase. Therefore, the search for factors influencing this process, as well as biomarkers reflecting the degree of asthma control, is an urgent problem. Objective. To study the relationship of vitamin D levels with the serum periostin and TGF-β1 concentration in children with asthma. Materials and methods. The cross-sectional (one-stage) study included 80 children aged 6 to 17 years (average age — 12 ± 3.2 g). The subjects were divided into 2 groups: children with asthma — group 1 (n = 40); group 2 — the control group (n = 40). In all children, the assessment of the concentration of 25(OH)D, periostin and TGF-β1 in the blood serum was studied. Results. Median (Me) 25(OH) in patients with asthma was statistically significantly lower than in children of the comparison group (16.7 ng/ml, versus 25.7 ng/ml, p = 0.017), and did not depend on the severity of the disease, corresponded to a deficiency condition in both mild (16.2 ng/ml) and with an average severity of asthma (16.8 ng/ml) (p = 0.041). Me of periostin in 1st group was within the normal range (730.2 ng/ml), but statistically significantly exceeded the indicator of 2nd group (539.7 ng/ml, p < 0.05) and did not depend on the age and duration of asthma. High rates of periostin were observed in children with moderate severity of asthma with a disease experience of 4–6 years (617.2 ng/ml). Me of TGF-β1 in both groups corresponded to normal values (309.0 and 369.6 pg/ml, respectively, p > 0.05) and did not depend on the age and duration of asthma. Conclusions. VD deficiency is registered in children with asthma 2 times more often than in healthy children in Ryazan region. The serum concentration of periostin increased in proportion to the severity of asthma. Vitamin D deficiency can be one of the risk factors for the development of asthma and lead to an imbalance in the periostin and TGF-β system.
The effect of the mastery learning strategy on the mental toughness and skill performance of receiving the serve in volleyball for students
Authors: Nahida Abid Zaid Al-Dulaimi  , Firas Suhail Ibrahim  , Azhar Hussein Ulaiwi  
Published: May 2024

تحدد مشكلة البحث في أن الوقت المتاح وأن كان كافياً لتعلم مهارات الكرة الطائرة، إلا أنه غير كافٍ للوصول بدرجة الاتقان لهذه المهارات ولاسيما مهارة استقبال الارسال، وقد يرجع السبب في ذلك إلى الاستراتيجيات والأساليب والمداخل التعليمية المستعملة في العملية التعليمية، فضلاً عن قلة الاهتمام بجوانب تعلم هذه المهارة لاسيما الجانب النفسية وما يناسبها من قدرات نفسية خاصة المتانة العقلية التي تعني ان يصل الطالب إلى اقصى أداء ممكن أو أداء يفوق إمكانياته، لذا فأن الأمر يستدعي التفكير في استعمال استراتيجيات تعلم فاعلة منظمة مبنية على أسس علمية قد تسهم في هذه القدرة النفسية ومن ثم الوصول بالأداء المهاري لاستقبال الأرسال الى درجة جيدة من الإتقان، وهدف البحث إلى إعداد مقياس المتانة العقلية للطلاب فضلا ً عن التعرف على تأثير استراتيجية التعلم للإتقان في المتانة العقلية والأداء المهاري لاستقبال الإرسال بالكرة الطائرة للطلاب، واتبع الباحثون المنهج التجريبي بتصميم المجموعتين المتكافئتين ذات الاختبارين القبلي والبعدي، وتمثل مجتمع البحث بطلاب المرحلة الثانية في كلية التربية البدنية وعلوم الرياضة في جامعة بابل والبالغ (132) طالباً، وتم اختيار عينة البحث الرئيسة وبعدد(30) طالباً تم تقسيمهم على مجموعتين تجريبية وضابطة وبالتساوي، وتم إيجاد التكافؤ بينهما بعدما أجريت الاختبارات القبلية ومن ثم تطبيق استراتيجية التعلم للإتقان على طلاب المجموعة التجريبية، خلال مدة(4) أسابيع وبواقع وحدتين تعليميتين في الأسبوع(2) وبزمن (90) دقيقة للوحدة التعليمية، وبعد الانتهاء من تطبيق الاستراتيجية أجريت الاختبارات البعدية على عينة البحث، وبعد الحصول على النتائج ومعالجتها احصائياً، تم التوصل إلى استنتاجات عدة أهمها لاستراتيجية التعلم للإتقان دوراً كبيراً في زيادة المتانة العقلية والأداء المهاري لاستقبال الإرسال بالكرة الطائرة للطلاب، وهذا ما يحقق احد اهداف التنمية المستدامة للامم المتحدة في العراق (التعليم الجيد). وفي ضوء ذلك أوصى الباحثون بضرورة اعتماد استراتيجية التعلم للإتقان في تعلم استقبال الإرسال بالكرة الطائرة للطلاب فضلاً عن التأكيد على إجراء اختبارات للطلاب بشكل مستمر للمتغيرات النفسية والعقلية.