bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Obsessive–compulsive personality disorder co-occurring with obsessive-compulsive disorder: Conceptual and clinical implications
Authors: Starcevic Vladan , Berle David , Brakoulias Vlasios , Sammut Peter , Moses Karen , Milicevic Denise , Hannan Anthony 
Published: June 2012

Objectives: There are ongoing uncertainties in the relationship between obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) and obsessive–compulsive personality disorder (OCPD). This study aimed to test the proposition that OCPD may be a marker of severity of OCD by comparing groups of OCD individuals with and without OCPD on a number of variables. Method: A total of 148 adults with a principal diagnosis of OCD were administered the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview, Yale–Brown Obsessive–Compulsive Scale, Sheehan Disability Scale, Vancouver Obsessional Compulsive Inventory and Symptom Checklist 90-Revised. Participants with a DSM-IV diagnosis of OCPD were compared with those without OCPD. Results: Some 70 (47.3%) participants were diagnosed with OCPD. The groups of participants with and without OCPD did not differ significantly with respect to any of the demographic variables, clinician-rated severity of OCD, levels of disability and mean age of onset of OCD. All self-rated OCD symptom dimensions except for contamination and checking were significantly more prominent in participants with OCPD, as were all self-rated dimensions of psychopathology. Participants with OCPD had significantly more frequent hoarding compulsions and obsessions involving a need to collect and keep objects. Of Axis I disorders, only panic disorder was significantly more frequent in participants with OCPD than in those without OCPD. Conclusions: A high frequency of OCPD among individuals with OCD suggests a strong, although not necessarily a unique, relationship between the two conditions. This finding may also be a consequence of the blurring of the boundary between OCD and OCPD by postulating that hoarding and hoarding-like behaviours characterise both disorders. Results of this study do not support the notion that OCD with OCPD is a marker of clinician-rated severity of OCD. However, individuals with OCPD had more prominent OCD symptoms, they were more distressed and exhibited various other psychopathological phenomena more intensely, which is likely to complicate their treatment.
Stimulant side effects and inverted-U: Implications for ADHD guidelines
Authors: Levy Florence 
Published: June 2012

Objective: To review literature relevant to a possible prediction of stimulant side effects in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), with implications for guidelines. Method: Recent literature on inverted-U effects of dopamine in the prefrontal cortex (PFC), default mode processing, and motor circuits relevant to stimulant side effects is reviewed. Results: The literature on inverted-U effects in the PFC suggests that catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) Met versus Val polymorphisms may predict excess dopaminergic effects, including headache and introversion in Met/Met subjects, but therapeutic effects in Val/Val subjects, while dopamine transporter polymorphisms may predict motor side effects. In particular, an understanding of ‘inverted-U’ effects helps to explain why some children may experience side effects while others show improvements at similar dose ranges. Conclusion: Genetic prediction of stimulant side effects should be investigated, particularly given recent controversies in relation to National Health and Medical Research Council guidelines for stimulant use. A better understanding of treatment-emergent effects will also provide a better understanding of therapeutic effects.
Domestic reform and global integration: public administration reform in China over the last 30 years
Authors: Xue Lan , Zhong Kaibin 
Published: June 2012

This article tries to depict China’s public administration reform as an interactive process between two major themes, domestic reform and global integration. The development and implementation of public administration reforms in China from 1978 to 2008 are reviewed. The driving forces shaping the process of public administration reform in China are analyzed, using a territorial locus (domestic/international) – policy dimension (supply-side/demand-side) analytical framework. Our analysis suggests that the public administration reforms over the past few decades have demonstrated the Chinese government’s intention to advance the government’s transition from an economic-centered state to a people-oriented one. While much progress has been made, there are many issues that remain to be resolved by the new generation of leadership in China. Points for practitioners This article aims to contribute to the discussion about the process of China’s public administration reform over the past three decades since late 1978 – the reform-and-open up years. In China’s public administration reform, the transition of the economic system from a planned economy to a socialist market economy has become the most important driving force, which is coupled with the transformation from a public administration system based on personal will and charisma to one that is increasingly based on rule of law. At the same time, the influence of other countries has also played an important role in today’s globalized environment. China has learned a great deal from international experiences in public administration reform. The entry into the WTO has also provided a strong impetus for China to integrate with global public administrative practice. So, China’s public administration system has always actively engaged in a transformative process characterized by domestic reform and global integration.
Asian model of government re-examined in the aftermath of the global economic crunch: a Japanese perspective from the experience of the triple disasters in March 2011
Authors: Nakamura Akira 
Published: June 2012

This article addresses three related issues about the role and functions of government in East Asia in general and Japan in particular. First, it tries to describe the important function of national bureaucracy in Japan’s economic growth, a development mode that has often been labelled ‘statism’ or ‘administrative centred government’. The first section delineates how this model became entrenched in the country. Second, the article highlights several reform attempts to alter this basic configuration of Japanese government power, through efforts to dilute the control of bureaucracy and replace it with an ‘executive centred government’. The second section dwells on this transition and evaluates the results of different reform efforts. Finally, the article examines the effect of the disasters in March 2011 on these aspects of the country’s leadership, noting that the incumbent party leaders had little faith in the wisdom of mandarins, and planned to resolve the ongoing crises by themselves. The final section of the article deals with the schisms and fissures of the interface between electived members and non-elected administrators within the context of Japan’s crises. Points for practitioners The article first describes the ‘statism’ traditional in Japan. How Japanese bureaucrats devised a method to foster rapid development of the country during the 1960s and the early 1970s is the central focus of this section. Subsequently, this article examines the Hashimoto and Koizumi administrations and discusses to what extent they succeeded in entrenching ‘an executive centred government’ to replace the traditional statism mode of management. Later, the article touches on the mammoth earthquake that struck northern Japan on 11 March 2011. The Democratic Party of Japan had to deal with the crises within the confines of the statism legacy.
The heat-resistant and tribological mechanism of nano-Fe3O4–reinforced nitrile butadiene rubber
Authors: Wang Qilei 
Published: June 2012

To improve the tribological properties of nitrile butadiene rubber (NBR), nano-Fe3O4 particles with good lubricity were added into the NBR to prepare NBR/nano-Fe3O4 composites. In our experiment, surface microstructure of the composites was observed by JSM-5600LV low-vacuum scanning electron microscope; disposition of nano-Fe3O4 was measured by an energy dispersive x-ray spectrometer; friction and wear condition of the composites were tested by UMT-2MT friction testing machine, and friction condition of the composites were tested for different temperatures by SRV high temperature friction testing machine. The results showed that after adding nano-Fe3O4 particles in NBR, surface of the composites was smoother than NBR due to less defects and the tribological properties were significantly improved. Friction and wear rate of the composites were 300% lower than NBR, and we owe this to the nano-Fe3O4 particles that played a role as solid lubricant on the surface of the composites. Meanwhile, friction coefficient was greatly affected by friction time; when the friction time was more than 10 min, the friction coefficient would become larger and there would be more abrasion; the friction coefficient of the composites was less affected by the temperature with the additional increase in nano-Fe3O4 particles.
Evaluating palliative care ward staffing using bed occupancy, patient dependency, staff activity, service quality and cost data
Authors: Roberts Dai , Hurst Keith 
Published: June 2012

Background: Palliative care staffing has remained unchallenged for decades while service provision has changed markedly, bringing new workforce demands. There is little evidence to inform hospice workforce structures, which strive to deliver the highest-quality holistic care. Aim: The study had three main aims, to: (i) adapt the acuity-quality workforce planning method used extensively in the UK National Health Service (NHS) for use in hospices; (ii) compare hospice and NHS palliative care staffing establishments and their implications; and (iii) create ward staffing benchmarks and formulae for hospice managers. Design: A method adapted from a widely used nursing workforce planning and development (WP&D) study was used to collect data in hospice and palliative care wards. Setting: Twenty-three palliative care and hospice wards, geographically representing England, were studied. Results: A dataset, which profiles and benchmarks hospice and NHS palliative care ward occupancy, patient dependency, staff activity, ward establishments, quality and costs in 23 palliative care and hospice wards has been created. The database reveals large differences between hospice and palliative care wards. For example, hospice wards are better staffed and more expensive to run but staff deliver higher-quality care (measured using an established service quality audit) despite facing heavier workloads. Consequently, staffing multipliers are created to help managers estimate workload-based ward staffing. Conclusions: This dataset provides evidence-based recommendations to inform palliative care nursing workforce modelling, including deciding future nursing workforce size and mix based on rising workloads. The new dataset is suitable for use in UK hospice wards and may be appropriate for future international use.
Nipple Pain during Breastfeeding with or without Visible Trauma
Authors: McClellan Holly L. , Hepworth Anna R. , Garbin Catherine P. , Rowan Marnie K. , Deacon Jane , Hartmann Peter E. , Geddes Donna T. 
Published: June 2012

Background: Nipple pain is a major cause of early weaning. The causes of nipple pain are diverse, and most treatments involve experience-based assessment. There is little knowledge of the intensity or variation in pain experienced by breastfeeding women. Given the high breastfeeding initiation rates, it is important to evaluate pain experienced by lactating women in detail. Objective: To investigate and compare the pain experienced by breastfeeding women using objective measures. Methods: The type, effect, and severity of pain were measured using the McGill Pain Questionnaire, Brief Pain Inventory, and Visual Analogue Scale, respectively, for 2 groups of breastfeeding women. One group were experiencing persistent nipple pain despite treatment, and the other had obvious signs of nipple trauma. Results: Pain intensity and interference scores were highly variable for both groups. Mothers with nipple trauma reported significantly higher mean pain intensity and breastfeeding interference. Higher pain intensity scores were related to higher interference scores. After accounting for pain intensity, higher interference with general activity, mood, and sleep interference was related to longer duration of pain. There was no difference in MPQ class scores. Conclusions: The ramifications of nipple pain extend far beyond the act of breastfeeding, particularly for women whose pain lasts several months. Given the lack of evidence-based treatments, it is not surprising that pain is a major contributor to premature weaning. Further research into the causes of nipple pain is necessary to enable the implementation of effective interventions, thus reducing further complications such as infection and postnatal depression. Detailed pain analysis may assist in assessing the success of these interventions.
Polypropylene (PP)-based wood polymer composites
Authors: Sobczak Lukas , Welser Romana , Brüggemann Oliver , Haider Andreas 
Published: June 2012

Five different maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene (PP) coupling agents (CAs) have been tested in wood polymer composites with wood contents of 40% and 60%. The tested CAs cover a wide range of backbone molecular weight ( Mw 55–181 kDa) and also vary in MA graft level (0.5–1.5%). Furthermore, one PP copolymer-based product is among them. Mechanical properties (flexural strength, impact strength and heat deflection temperature) and water absorption (WA) have been evaluated as responses. Finally, dynamic rheological measurements on several compounds have been performed. The results show that the backbone polymer structure of the CA is the most important factor for its efficiency. Molecular weight seems to have an influence on WA properties. As regards to rheological measurements, a lubricant-like effect of a CA indicates a reduced capability for compatibilization at the interface.
Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for adult T-cell leukemia-lymphoma with special emphasis on preconditioning regimen: a nationwide retrospective study
Authors: Ishida Takashi , Hishizawa Masakatsu , Kato Koji , Tanosaki Ryuji , Fukuda Takahiro , Taniguchi Shuichi , Eto Tetsuya , Takatsuka Yoshifusa , Miyazaki Yasushi , Moriuchi Yukiyoshi , Hidaka Michihiro , Akashi Koichi , Uike Naokuni , Sakamaki Hisashi , Morishima Yasuo , Kato Koji , Suzuki Ritsuro , Nishiyama Takeshi , Utsunomiya Atae 
Published: June 2012

AbstractAdult T-cell leukemia-lymphoma (ATL) is an intractable mature T-cell neoplasm. We performed a nationwide retrospective study of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) for ATL in Japan, with special emphasis on the effects of the preconditioning regimen. This is the largest study of ATL patients receiving HSCT. Median overall survival (OS) and 3-year OS of bone marrow or peripheral blood transplantation recipients (n = 586) was 9.9 months (95% confidence interval, 7.4-13.2 months) and 36% (32%-41%), respectively. These values for recipients of myeloablative conditioning (MAC; n = 280) and reduced intensity conditioning (RIC; n = 306) were 9.5 months (6.7-18.0 months) and 39% (33%-45%) and 10.0 months (7.2-14.0 months) and 34% (29%-40%), respectively. Multivariate analysis demonstrated 5 significant variables contributing to poorer OS, namely, older age, male sex, not in complete remission, poor performance status, and transplantation from unrelated donors. Although no significant difference in OS between MAC and RIC was observed, there was a trend indicating that RIC contributed to better OS in older patients. Regarding mortality, RIC was significantly associated with ATL-related mortality compared with MAC. In conclusion, allogeneic HSCT not only with MAC but also with RIC is an effective treatment resulting in long-term survival in selected patients with ATL.
Temperature and composition dependent excitonic luminescence and exciton-phonon coupling in CdSeS nanocrystals
Authors: Wu Wenzhi , Yu Dongqi , Ye Hong-an , Gao Yachen , Chang Qing 
Published: June 2012

Abstract
The yellow- and red-emitting CdSeS nanocrystals (NCs) synthesized through one-step organometallic synthesis method are uniformly assembled in polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA). A higher-energy emission band originates from band-edge excitonic state appeared at low temperature. With the Se dopant concentration increasing, the luminescent spectra of CdSeS NCs have a red-shifted emission peak and a shorter luminescent lifetime, which is attributed to the existence of trapping state caused by surface defect and Se dopant. CdSeS NC shows a shorter luminescence lifetime and higher energy emission peak in PMMA matrix than that in toluene, indicating that the former is more favorable to transfer energy through exciton-phonon coupling. The upconversion luminescence (UCL) is observed using 800 nm femtosecond laser excitation. The pump power dependence demonstrated UCL spectra of yellow-emitting CdSeS NCs has a slope of 2.2, while that of red-emitting CdSeS NCs has a slope of 1.4. The results demonstrate that the two-photon absorption plays a dominating role when Se concentration of CdSeS NCs is lower, while phonon-assisted UCL by one-photon excitation gradually takes place with the amount of Se dopants increasing.
Murine gammaherpesvirus 68 glycoprotein 150 does not contribute to latency amplification in vivo
Authors: Ruiss Romana , Ohno Shinji , Steer Beatrix , Zeidler Reinhard , Adler Heiko 
Published: June 2012

Abstract

Background
Murine gammaherpesvirus 68 (MHV-68) is used as a model to study the function of gammaherpesvirus glycoproteins. gp150 of MHV-68, encoded by open reading frame M7, is a positional homolog of gp350/220 of EBV and of gp35/37 of KSHV. Since it had been proposed that gp350/220 of EBV might be a suitable vaccine antigen to protect from EBV-associated diseases, gp150 has been applied as a model vaccine in the MHV-68 system. When analyzing the function of gp150, previous studies yielded conflicting results on the role of gp150 in latency amplification, and disparities between the mutant viruses which had been analyzed were blamed for the observed differences.

Results
To further develop MHV-68 as model to study the function of gammaherpesvirus glycoproteins in vivo, it is important to know whether gp150 contributes to latency amplification or not. Thus, we re-evaluated this question by testing a number of gp150 mutants side by side. Our results suggest that gp150 is dispensable for latency amplification. Furthermore, we investigated the effect of vaccination with gp150 using gp150-containing exosomes. Vaccination with gp150 induced a strong humoral and cellular immune response, yet it did not affect a subsequent MHV-68 challenge infection.

Conclusions
In this study, we found no evidence for a role of gp150 in latency amplification. The previously observed contradictory results on the role of gp150 in latency amplification were not related to differences between the mutant viruses which had been used.
Preliminary evidence for obesity-associated insulin resistance in adolescents without elevations of inflammatory cytokines
Authors: Cohen Jessica I , Maayan Lawrence , Convit Antonio 
Published: June 2012

AbstractBackgroundTo ascertain whether the associations between obesity, inflammation, and insulin resistance established in human adult studies are found among adolescents.MethodsWe contrasted 36 obese and 24 lean youth on fasting glucose, insulin levels, lipid profile, hemoglobin A1C, markers of hepatic function, white blood cell count, C-reactive protein (CRP) and fibrinogen levels. The cytokines IL-6, TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-10 and IL-4 and the adipokines leptin, resistin, and adiponectin were also compared between the two groups. The fasting glucose and insulin values were used to estimate the degree of insulin resistance with the homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). T-tests and correlations were run to examine group differences and associations between groups. In addition, regression analyses were used to ascertain whether the markers of inflammation were predictive of the degree of insulin resistance.ResultsAlthough obese adolescents had clear evidence of insulin resistance, only CRP, fibrinogen and leptin were elevated; there were no group differences in pro- or anti-inflammatory cytokines nor adiponectin and resistin. Anthropometric measures of obesity and level of insulin resistance were highly correlated to the acute phase reactants CRP and fibrinogen; however, the degree of insulin resistance was not predicted by the pro- or anti-inflammatory cytokine markers. Obese adolescents had higher white blood cell counts. In addition they had higher circulating alanine aminotransferase concentrations and lower circulating albumin and total protein than lean adolescents, possibly as a result of hepatocyte damage from fatty liver.ConclusionUnlike rodent or adult studies, we found that wide-spread systemic inflammation is not necessarily associated with insulin resistance among adolescents. This finding does not support the current paradigm that the associations between obesity and insulin resistance are, to a significant degree, mediated by low grade systemic inflammation. These data support the need for further adolescent studies to explore these associations.
Schubert’s Drei Klavierstücke, D. 946, Nos. 1 and 2, and the Case of the Crossed-Out C Section
Authors: Rusch René 
Published: June 2012

Schubert’s Drei Klavierstücke, D. 946 (c. 1828, pub. 1868), raise several questions regarding their compositional genesis and editorial processes. Most peculiar is Schubert’s omission of an entire C section in A♭ major of what was originally to be a five-part rondo form (A–B–A–C–A) in the first piano piece. Scholars have noted this revision, acknowledging Brahms’s role as the anonymous editor of these pieces. Yet why Schubert crossed out this entire section in the manuscript remains unanswered.
Focusing on the first two Klavierstücke, since both occur within the same manuscript and are believed to have been written consecutively, this article explores some possible motivations for Schubert’s removal of the C section from the first piano piece. In particular, the article suggests that, even though the first two pieces originally shared a similar tonal and formal plan, Schubert’s treatment of mixture in the respective opening refrains may have caused him to opt instead for a three-part ternary form for the first piece and a five-part rondo form for the second. The article closes by comparing Schubert’s use of mixture in the first two piano pieces with that of several other works written by the composer around the same time.