bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Initial shortening and internal fixation in combination with a Sauvé-Kapandji procedure for severely comminuted fractures of the distal radius in elderly patients
Authors: Arora R. , Gabl M. , Pechlaner S. , Lutz M. 
Published: November 2010

We identified 11 women with a mean age of 74 years (65 to 81) who sustained comminuted distal radial and ulnar fractures and were treated by volar plating and slight shortening of the radius combined with a primary Sauvé-Kapandji procedure. At a mean of 46 months (16 to 58), union of distal radial fractures and arthrodesis of the distal radioulnar joint was seen in all patients. The mean shortening of the radius was 12 mm (5 to 18) compared to the contralateral side. Flexion and extension of the wrist was a mean of 54° and 50°, respectively, and the mean pronation and supination of the forearm was 82° and 86°, respectively. The final mean disabilities of the arm, shoulder and hand score was 26 points. According to the Green and O’Brien rating system, eight patients had an excellent, two a good and one a fair result. The good clinical and radiological results, and the minor complications without the need for further operations related to late ulnar-sided wrist pain, justify this procedure in the elderly patient.
Ablation of bone cells by electroporation
Authors: Fini M. , Tschon M. , Ronchetti M. , Cavani F. , Bianchi G. , Mercuri M. , Alberghini M. , Cadossi R. 
Published: November 2010

Short intense electrical pulses transiently increase the permeability of the cell membrane, an effect known as electroporation. This can be combined with antiblastic drugs for ablation of tumours of the skin and subcutaneous tissue. The aim of this study was to test the efficacy of electroporation when applied to bone and to understand whether the presence of mineralised trabeculae would affect the capability of the electric field to porate the membrane of bone cells. Different levels of electrical field were applied to the femoral bone of rabbits. The field distribution and modelling were simulated by computer. Specimens of bone from treated and control rabbits were obtained for histology, histomorphometry and biomechanical testing. After seven days, the area of ablation had increased in line with the number of pulses and/or with the amplitude of the electrical field applied. The osteogenic activity in the ablated area had recovered by 30 days. Biomechanical testing showed structural integrity of the bone at both times. Electroporation using the appropriate combination of voltage and pulses induced ablation of bone cells without affecting the recovery of osteogenic activity. It can be an effective treatment in bone and when used in combination with drugs, an option for the treatment of metastases.
The outcome of pelvic reconstruction with non-vascularised fibular grafts after resection of bone tumours
Authors: Krieg A. H. , Lenze U. , Gaston M. S. , Hefti F. 
Published: November 2010

We retrospectively evaluated 18 patients with a mean age of 37.3 years (14 to 72) who had undergone pelvic reconstruction stabilised with a non-vascularised fibular graft after resection of a primary bone tumour. The mean follow-up was 10.14 years (2.4 to 15.7). The mean Musculoskeletal Tumor Society Score was 76.5% (50% to 100%). Primary union was achieved in the majority of reconstructions within a mean of 22.9 weeks (7 to 60.6). The three patients with delayed or nonunion all received additional therapy (chemotherapy/radiation) (p = 0.0162). The complication rate was comparable to that of other techniques described in the literature. Non-vascularised fibular transfer to the pelvis is a simpler, cheaper and quicker procedure than other currently described techniques. It is a biological reconstruction with good results and a relatively low donor site complication rate. However, adjuvant therapy can negatively affect the outcome of such grafts.
Mechanical characterization of single bamboo fibers with nanoindentation and microtensile technique
Authors: Yu Yan , Tian Genlin , Wang Hankun , Fei Benhua , Wang Ge 
Published: November 2010

Abstract
More mechanical information on fibers is needed for better understanding of the complex mechanical behavior of bamboo as well as optimizing design of bamboo fiber based composites. In this paper, in situ imaging nanoindentation and an improved microtensile technique were jointly used to characterize the longitudinal mechanical behavior of fibers of Moso bamboo (Phyllostachys pubescens Mazei ex H. de Lebaie) aged between 0.5 and 4 years. These methods show that 0.5-year-old fibers have similar mechanical performances to their older counterparts. The average longitudinal tensile modulus and tensile strength of Moso bamboo fibers ranges from 32 to 34.6 GPa and 1.43 to 1.69 GPa, respectively, significantly higher than nearly all the published data for wood fibers. This finding could be attributed to the microstructural characteristics of the small microfibrillar angle and scarcity of pits in bamboo fibers. Furthermore, our results directly support the assumption that the widely used Oliver-Pharr analysis method in nanoindentation test significantly underestimates the longitudinal elastic modulus of anisotropic plant cell wall.
Influence of treatment with ultralow-dose aspirin on platelet aggregation as measured by whole blood impedance aggregometry and platelet P-selectin expression in clinically normal dogs
Authors: S. Sharpe Kristopher , A. Center Sharon , F. Randolph John , B. Brooks Marjory , L. Warner Karen , Stokol Tracy , C. Barr Stephen , Julia Felippe M. 
Published: November 2010

Abstract
Objective—To evaluate the influence of treatment with ultralow-dose aspirin (ULDAsp) on platelet aggregation, P-selectin (CD62P) expression, and formation of platelet-leukocyte aggregates in clinically normal dogs.
Animals—18 clinically normal dogs.
Procedures—Studies were conducted before and 24 hours after ULDAsp administration (0.5 mg/kg, PO, q 24 h, for 2 days). Whole blood impedance aggregometry for the assessment of platelet function was performed with sodium citrate–anticoagulated blood and aggregation agonists (ADP at 20, 10, and 5 μmol/L; collagen at 10, 5, and 2 μg/mL). Onset, maximum response, and rate of platelet aggregation were recorded. Flow cytometric assays were configured to detect thrombin-induced CD62P expression and platelet-leukocyte aggregates in EDTA-anticoagulated whole blood. Externalized platelet CD62P and constitutive CD61 (GPIIIa) were labeled with antibodies conjugated to phycoerythrin (PE) and fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC), respectively. Red blood cell–lysed paraformaldehyde-fixed EDTA-anticoagulated whole blood was dual labeled with CD61-FITC and a panleukocyte antibody (CD18-PE) to characterize platelet-leukocyte aggregates.
Results—ULDAsp significantly delayed platelet aggregation onset with ADP at 20 μmol/L by 54% to 104%, attenuated maximum aggregation with various concentrations of ADP and collagen by ≥ 41%, and slowed aggregation rate with the highest ADP and collagen concentrations by ≥ 39%. Depending on the parameter tested, up to 30% of dogs failed to have an ULDAsp effect. Thrombin stimulation significantly increased CD62P expression in platelets and platelet-leukocyte aggregates, but ULDAsp did not alter basal or thrombin-stimulated CD62P expression.
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—ULDAsp treatment of clinically normal dogs impaired platelet aggregation in most dogs, but did not influence CD62P platelet membrane expression. (Am J Vet Res 2010;71:1294–1304)
Influence of kidney function on urinary excretion of albumin and retinol-binding protein in dogs with naturally occurring renal disease
Authors: Raila Jens , Brunnberg Leo , Schweigert Florian J. , Kohn Barbara 
Published: November 2010

Abstract
Objective—To evaluate excretion of urinary albumin (UAlb) and urinary retinol-binding protein (URBP) in dogs with naturally occurring renal disease.
Animals—64 client-owned dogs.
Procedures—Dogs were assigned to groups according to plasma creatinine concentration, urinary protein-to-urinary creatinine ratio (UP:UC), and exogenous plasma creatinine clearance (P-ClCr) rates: group A (n = 8), nonazotemic (plasma creatinine < 125 μmol/L) and nonproteinuric (UP:UC < 0.2) with P-ClCr rate > 90 mL/min/m2; group B (26), nonazotemic and nonproteinuric with P-ClCr rate 50 to 89 mL/min/m2; group C (7), nonazotemic but proteinuric with P-ClCr rate 53 to 98 mL/min/m2; group D (8), azotemic and borderline proteinuric with P-ClCr rate 22 to 45 mL/min/m2); and group E (15), azotemic and proteinuric (P-ClCr not evaluated). The UAlb and URBP concentrations were measured via ELISA; UAlb-to-urinary creatinine (UAlb:UC) and URBP-to-urinary creatinine (URBP:UC) ratios were determined.
Results—UAlb:UC and URBP:UC did not differ between groups A and B. Increased UAlb: UCs and URBP:UCs were paralleled by increased UP:UCs in groups C, D, and E relative to values from groups A and B, independent of azotemia. There were significant positive correlations of UP:UC with UAlb:UC and of UAlb:UC with URBP:UC (r = 0.82 and 0.46, respectively). However, UP:UC, UAlb:UC, and URBP:UC were not significantly correlated with P-ClCr rate.
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—UAlb and URBP concentrations were paralleled by urinary protein concentrations and may be useful in assessing renal management of plasma proteins. Determination of urinary protein, UAlb, or URBP concentration was not sufficiently sensitive to detect reduced P-ClCr in nonazotemic dogs. (Am J Vet Res 2010;71:1387—1394)
Spinal cord tethering following myelomeningocele repair
Authors: Mehta Vivek A. , Bettegowda Chetan , Ahmadi Sebastian A. , Berenberg Petra , Thomale Ulrich-Wilhelm , Haberl Ernst-Johannes , Jallo George I. , Ahn Edward S. 
Published: November 2010

Object
Symptom response to spinal cord untethering, and the impact of duraplasty and scoliosis on retethering, are poorly understood in tethering after myelomeningocele (MMC) repair. In this retrospective study, the authors examined the outcomes of children who developed first-time spinal cord tethering following MMC repair. The response of symptoms to untethering and the role of duraplasty and scoliosis in retethering are explored.

Methods
The authors performed a review of 54 children with first-time symptomatic spinal cord tethering following MMC repair to determine the impact of untethering on symptoms, the impact of dural repair type on retethering, and the role of scoliosis on the prevalence and time to retethering.

Results
The average patient age was 10.3 ± 4.9 years, and 44% were males. The most common presenting symptoms of tethered cord syndrome were urinary (87%), motor (80%), gait (78%), and sensory (61%) dysfunction. The average postoperative time to symptom improvement was 2.02 months for sensory symptoms, 3.21 months for pain, 3.50 months for urinary symptoms, and 4.48 months for motor symptoms, with sensory improvement occurring significantly earlier than motor improvement (p = 0.02). At last follow-up (an average of 47 months), motor symptoms were improved in 26%, maintained in 62%, and worsened in 11%; for sensory symptoms, these rates were 26%, 71%, and 3%, respectively; for pain, 28%, 65%, and 7%, respectively; and for urinary symptoms, 17%, 76%, and 7%, respectively. There was no difference in symptom response with type of dural repair (primary closure vs duraplasty). Symptomatic retethering occurred in 17 (31%) of 54 patients, but duration of symptoms, age at surgery, and type of dural repair were not associated with retethering. Scoliosis was not associated with an increased prevalence of retethering, but was associated with significantly earlier retethering (32.5 vs 61.1 months; p = 0.042) in patients who underwent additional untethering operations.

Conclusions
Symptomatic retethering is a common event after MMC repair. In the authors' experience, sensory improvements occur sooner than motor improvements following initial untethering. Symptom response rates were not altered by type of dural closure. Scoliosis was associated with significantly earlier retethering and should be kept in mind when caring for individuals who have had previous MMC repair.
Intraoperative angiography during microsurgical removal of arteriovenous malformations in children
Authors: Ellis Michael J. , Kulkarni Abhaya V. , Drake James M. , Rutka James T. , Armstrong Derek , Dirks Peter B. 
Published: November 2010

Object
Confirming the successful management of pediatric arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) requires high-quality postoperative digital subtraction angiography. Although the role of intraoperative angiography during the microsurgical removal of AVMs is well established in adults, the technique has several limitations including poor image quality, uniplanar image acquisition, and absent full heparin protection. Here, the authors report on their experience with high-quality intraoperative angiography during the surgical management of pediatric AVMs in their image-guided therapy (IGT) facility.

Methods
The authors retrospectively reviewed the demographic, clinical, and radiological characteristics of 22 patients who underwent the surgical management of AVMs at the Hospital for Sick Children in Toronto, with the aid of high-quality intraoperative or immediate postresection cerebral angiography via a transfemoral approach.

Results
Between January 2000 and August 2009, 18 children (mean age 13.05 ± 4.04 years, range 4–21 years) underwent both surgical management of an AVM and intraoperative cerebral angiography at an IGT facility. An additional 4 children underwent angiography immediately after surgery in the regular operating room while under the same anesthesia. The mean AVM size was 2.55 ± 1.43 cm (range 1–6 cm) with a mean Spetzler-Martin grade of 2.27 (range 1–4). Intraoperative angiography in 4 of the 18 patients demonstrated residual AVM requiring additional resection. One patient demonstrated residual AVM on immediate postoperative angiography and underwent immediate reoperation. Successful excision of the residual AVM was confirmed on angiography the following day in that case. Procedural complications occurred in connection with 1 (3.3%) of 30 angiograms, including asymptomatic transient nonfilling of an ophthalmic artery, which was resolved on follow-up angiography. Negative intraoperative angiograms were confirmed with follow-up angiograms in 15 (93.75%) of 16 patients at a mean of 9.93 ± 5.70 months. One patient with a negative intraoperative angiogram demonstrated a tiny residual AVM on follow-up angiography at 8 months (false-negative rate 6.25%), but had a negative preoperative angiogram 1 year later in the IGT facility. No patient with a negative intraoperative angiogram required further AVM-directed treatment.

Conclusions
Intraoperative angiography is a safe and effective adjunct to the surgical management of AVMs in children. This novel approach allows the pre-, intra-, and postoperative acquisition of high-quality images, which can help guide the resection of AVMs, especially those that are small, diffuse, or of a complex angioarchitecture.
Visual field constriction in children with shunt-treated hydrocephalus
Authors: Rudolph Diana , Sterker Ina , Graefe Gerd , Till Holger , Ulrich Anett , Geyer Christian 
Published: November 2010

Object
Many ophthalmological abnormalities are described in conjunction with hydrocephalus. The results of visual field diagnosis remain a matter of further discussion. The aim of this study was to investigate visual field deficits in children with shunt-treated hydrocephalus.

Methods
All children over 6 years of age treated for hydrocephalus at the authors' institute between December 2007 and December 2008 were included in the study. The children underwent an ophthalmological investigation for strabismus and binocular function, ophthalmoscopy, visual acuity, and refraction.
The special focus was the visual field diagnosis, which the authors established in all children with cognitive conditions. The investigation was made by using the Goldmann visual field examination (kinetic perimetry). Children with and without visual field defects were compared concerning age at the time of ophthalmological examination, genesis of hydrocephalus, and frontooccipital horn ratio measured on current CT or MR images.

Results
Complete investigations were undertaken in 56 children (24 girls and 32 boys, mean age 15.1 years). The following orthoptic pathological entities were diagnosed: 29 children have a strabismus in 29 cases, 17 of these have an exotropia, 12 an esotropia, 4 children a hypotropia, 2 a hypertropia and 3 children a heterophoria. A nystagmus was found in 10 children. The ocular fundus investigation showed 13 children with an optic nerve atrophy.
A visual field diagnosis was possible in 44 of the 56 patients and was incomplete in 12 patients with cognitive deficits or inadequate compliance. In 24 of 42 children there was a concentric visual field constriction between 10° and 50° out of the center. Children with visual field deficits were older than those with a normal visual field (p = 0.051). Nine of 10 children with postmenigitic hydrocephalus had a visual field defect (p = 0.025). In children with visual field defects the frontooccipital horn ratio was significantly higher (p = 0.013).

Conclusions
The results suggest that children with shunt-treated hydrocephalus have a higher risk of having ophthalmological abnormalities. Visual field deficits are often a problem in these patients. A diagnostic visual field examination can complete the ophthalmological monitoring in patients with hydrocephalus, especially in patients with large ventricles. Children with postmeningitic hydrocephalus should be ophthalmologically monitored more frequently and intensively.
Biologic Therapy for Systemic Sclerosis: A Systematic Review
Authors: PHUMETHUM VEERAPONG , JAMAL SHAHIN , JOHNSON SINDHU R. 
Published: November 2010

Objective.Biologic agents are increasingly used in the rheumatic diseases. Their role in patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc) is uncertain. Our aim was to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of biologic agents in SSc. We review the evidence for the use of biologic agents to improve inflammatory arthritis, disability, and skin score, and we review adverse effects with biologic agents in patients with SSc.Methods.A systematic literature review was performed to identify studies evaluating the use of biologic agents in SSc. Medline, Embase, CINAHL, and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews were searched. A standardized abstraction form was used to extract biologic agent, study design, sample size, treatment effect, and adverse effects.Results.A total of 23 studies from 1413 citations were evaluated. Three studies evaluated infliximab, 3 evaluated etanercept, 3 evaluated antithymocyte globulin, 3 evaluated imatinib, 6 evaluated rituximab, and 1 study each evaluated interferon-γ (IFN-γ), IFN-α, relaxin, delipidated, deglycolipidated Mycobacterium vaccae, human anti-transforming growth factor ß1 antibody, and oral type I collagen. Studies of etanercept and infliximab suggest improvements in inflammatory arthritis and Health Assessment Questionnaire Disability Index (HAQ-DI). None of the other biologic agents demonstrated reproducible, statistically significant improvements in joint count, HAQ-DI, or skin score.Conclusion.Anti-tumor necrosis factor-α agents may improve inflammatory arthritis and disability in SSc. The effect on skin score is uncertain. Adequately powered trials are needed to evaluate efficacy, and longitudinal studies are needed to evaluate longterm safety of these agents in SSc.
Parasitic mites and microsporidians in managed western honey bee colonies on the island of Newfoundland, Canada
Authors: Williams Geoffrey R. , Head Krista , Burgher-MacLellan Karen L. , Rogers Richard E.L. , Shutler Dave 
Published: November 2010

AbstractWestern honey bees,Apis melliferaL. (Hymenoptera: Apidae), occur in nearly every region inhabited by man because they provide valuable honey, wax, and pollination services. Many commercial honey bee operations are plagued by economically important parasites; however, beekeepers on the island of Newfoundland, Canada, are in a unique position because of the province of Newfoundland and Labrador’s strict import regulations and geographic isolation. We surveyed about 25% of the island’s approximately 100 managed honey bee colonies. The parasitic mitesVarroa destructorAnderson and Trueman (Acari: Varroidae) andAcarapis woodi(Rennie) (Acari: Tarsonemidae) were not detected, whereasNosemaspp. microsporidia were detected in two of four beekeeping operations and in 11 of 23 (48%) colonies (intensity = 482 609 ± 1199 489 (mean ± SD); median intensity = 0). BecauseV. destructorandA. woodiare important pests that typically require chemical treatments, beekeepers on the island of Newfoundland may be uniquely positioned to market organic honey bee products from colonies that could also be a source of mite-naïve bees for research.
Sleep disturbances, cognitive decline, and AD biomarkers alterations in early Parkinson's disease
Authors: Zhong Rui , Gan Caiting , Sun Huimin , Zhang Kezhong 
Published: May 2024

AbstractObjectiveWe aimed to investigate whether each type of sleep disturbances (i.e., pRBD, EDS, and insomnia) is specifically associated with faster decline in global cognition and different cognitive domains among de novo PD patients. We also assessed the influence of sleep disturbances on core AD CSF biomarkers alterations and conversion to dementia.MethodsProspectively longitudinal data were obtained from the PPMI cohort. Sleep disturbances and cognition ability were assessed by questionnaires at baseline and follow‐up visits. Generalized linear mixed models were utilized to assess the effect of sleep disturbances on cognitive decline and core AD CSF biomarkers change. The associations between sleep disturbances and conversion to dementia were analyzed using Cox regression analysis.ResultsBaseline pRBD was associated with faster decline in global cognition and all cognitive domains, including verbal episodic memory, visuospatial ability, executive function, language, and processing speed. EDS was associated with faster decline in three cognitive domains, including verbal episodic memory, executive function/working memory, and processing speed. Insomnia was associated with faster decline in global cognition and verbal episodic memory. Meanwhile, pRBD and EDS were associated with longitudinal decrease of CSF Aβ42. Baseline pRBD increased the risk of conversion to dementia. The risk of dementia in PD patients with multiple sleep disturbances also increased compared with those without sleep disturbance.InterpretationSleep disturbances (i.e., pRBD, EDS, and insomnia) were associated with cognitive decline in early PD. EDS and pRBD were associated with decrease of CSF Aβ42. Moreover, pRBD was associated with conversion to dementia.