bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Safe and effective quadriceps femoris muscle exercise of resisted front bridge with a leg support in patients with anterior cruciate ligament insufficiency
Authors: Nakae N , Koyanagi M , Sato M , Sakai T , Kimura Y , Hidaka K , Nakata K 
Published: March 2011

BackgroundMuscle strengthen exercise of quadriceps femoris is important but risky to the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) graft, because quadriceps muscle exercise near the knee extension may causes anterior tibial translation. We developed a new exercise method, ‘resisted front bridge exercise with a leg support at proximal tibia’ (RFBP) in a prone position to avoid a risk. Our hypothesis is that RFBP is safe for the ACL graft and effective for muscle strengthen exercise.ObjectiveTo test our hypothesis, we investigated the anterior tibial translation and muscle contraction of quadriceps femoris during RFBP and compared with a front bridge exercise with a leg support at distal tibia (FBD).DesignQuasi-experimental study.SettingControlled laboratory research.PatientsThree patients with ACL insufficiency participated in this study approved by the institutional ethical committee.InterventionsPatients lied in a prone position with a leg support at proximal tibia. Leg extension exercise was ordered with a 20% of body-weight load on the back thigh to perform ‘RFBP’.Main outcome measurementsAnterior tibial translation at 15° knee flexion was measured by fluoroscopy according to Franklin's method. Electromyography (EMG) of the vastus medialis (VM), vastus lateralis (VL), and rectus femoris (RF) were recorded and normalised against the values of maximum voluntary contraction (%MVC) of the involved leg.ResultsAnterior tibial translation of the involved knee in RFBP was not statistically significantly different from that of the uninvolved knee, and was smaller than that of the uninvolved knee in FBD in all patients by 4.4 mm in average. The%MVC of VM, VL, and RF muscle activities in the involved knee were 101.8%, 68.2%, and 75.6% during RFBP, respectively.ConclusionThe resisted front bridge exercise with a leg support at proximal tibia is safe and effective for the quadriceps femoris at 15° knee flexion following ACL reconstruction surgery.
Professional ice hockey injuries: a 4 years prospective study
Authors: Ornon G , Fritschy D , Ziltener J-L , Menetrey J 
Published: March 2011

BackgroundIce Hockey is the fastest team sport with players skating up to 60 km/h and a puck speeding up to 160 km/h. Aggressive contacts between players, rigid obstacles (boards, goalposts), and solid surface may result in high energy trauma and severe injuries despite protective equipments. Precise data at the professional level are lacking.ObjectiveTo determine on several seasons the epidemiology of professional ice hockey injuries, the mechanism of injury, and risk factors to allow the development of a prevention program.Material and MethodsAll injuries occurring in one of the best Swiss Professional Hockey Team were recorded and monitored during 4 years. Injuries were graded as minor (time loss: 1–7 days), moderate (8–28 days), and major (>28 days).ResultsIncidence of injury was 6.48/1000 h/player and was stable over the 4 years of observation. Incidence of injury resulting in time loss was 2.3/1000 h/player (forwards: 2.6, defensemen: 2.0, goalies: 0.68). Most of the lesions were moderate (51%), (minor 36%, major 13%). Collision between players was the most common mechanism of moderate to severe injury. Contusions were the most frequently seen injuries (38%) tracked by strains/sprains (29%). Knee and shoulder were the most frequently injured part of body (both 12%). Concussion had a higher incidence in defensemen (0.64/player/1000 h) compared to forwards (0.2/player/1000 h). August (beginning of the ice summer camp) was the month with the highest injury rate with and without time loss (18.7% and 18.6% respectively).ConclusionsIn spite of its kinetics, ice hockey injuries rate is comparable to other contact team sports. Risk factors are first month of the season, summer training deficiency, to be a defenseman for concussion, collision between players out of the board. Measures of prevention might include optimal physical conditioning before and during the season, stronger helmet for defenseman, beware of contact in the middle of the ice field.
Preventing injuries in water polo: have we scored?
Authors: Mountjoy M , Junge A 
Published: March 2011

BackgroundInjury surveillance over time is the basis for the identification of injury trends and the development of injury prevention programs.ObjectiveTo analyse the injury trends in water polo over a 5 year period and evaluate injury prevention programs.Setting2004 and 2008 Olympic Games and 2009 FINA World Championships.ParticipantsAll male and female water polo players participating in the tournaments.MethodsNew onset injuries were reported by the team physicians.Main outcome measurementsTrends in injury incidence.ResultsThe overall injury incidence in water polo has remained constant throughout the study period (OG 2004 20.1 per 1000 player matches; OG 2008 20.1 per 1000 player matches; and FINA 2009 19.3 per 1000 player matches). However, there have been significant differences in gender related injury incidence trends. Men's injury incidence has steadily decreased over the study period from a total of 27.6/1000 player matches in 2004 to 16.2/1000 player matches in 2008 and 14.9/1000 player matches in 2009. Women's injury incidence has shown an opposite trend over the study period (2004: 3.57/1000 player matches; 2008: 28.6/1000 player matches; and 2009: 23.8/1000 player matches).ConclusionThe decrease in injury incidence in the men's game can possibly be attributed to the institution of an injury prevention program instituted in 2005 following the identification of a high incidence of head injuries and injuries caused by foul play in 2004. In contrast, the injury prevalence in women's water polo has increased over the study period. The cause of this is unknown although may be attributed an increase in aggression in the women's style of play as they try to emulate the men's game. The rising injury incidence in women's water polo and the lack of decrease in overall combined injury rates underscores the need for further injury surveillance and implementation of injury prevention programs.
Association of strength and range of motion with alpha angles in elite youth hockey players
Authors: Philippon M J , LaPrade R F , Briggs K K , Stull J D 
Published: March 2011

BackgroundIncreased alpha angle of the hip is associated with femoroacetabular impingement (FAI). Decreased hip range of motion (ROM) and hip adductor/abductor muscular imbalances are reportedly associated with FAI.ObjectiveTo determine if there is a relationship between decreased hip ROM and hip muscle imbalances with the degree of observed alpha angle.DesignProspective screening study.SettingClinical centre screened elite major midget youth hockey players.Participants20 asymptomatic male (average age of 17.6 years, SD=0.5) ice hockey players who had signed IRB approved consent.Assessment of risk factorsParticipants underwent hip ROM and strength assessment prior to an MRI (3T) to determine hip alpha angle.Main outcome measurementsPositive clinical findings of abduction/adduction strength imbalance and decreased ROM correlate with a high alpha angle.ResultsThe degree of hip alpha angles as determined by MRI were not related to hip abduction/adduction ROM (r2=0.075, p=0.24), flexion/extension ROM (r2=0.012, p=0.64), or external rotation/internal rotation ROM (r2=0.115 p=0.14). Additionally the degree of alpha angle was not related to abduction/adduction strength imbalance (r2=0.013, p=0.64). All 20 participants screened displayed acetabular labral pathology on 3T MRI.ConclusionWe found no relationship between hip ROM or abduction/adduction strength imbalances of the hip with the degree of alpha angle in asymptomatic elite major midget hockey players. Therefore, it is important to inspect for muscle weakness and pain in assessing whether patients have clinical symptoms of FAI and not rely solely on MRI for the diagnosis of FAI.
Sudden cardiac arrest and death in united states marathons
Authors: Webner D , Drezner J , Horneff J , Roberts W 
Published: March 2011

BackgroundThere is no national reporting system for marathon sudden cardiac arrest (SCA) and death in the US.ObjectiveThis study assessed the prevalence of SCA and death during USA marathons to assist with emergency planning at events.Design/Setting/ParticipantsA retrospective, web-based survey to assess details of SCA and death was sent out to 400 US marathon directors in the autumn of 2009 and summer of 2010.Results78/400 (19%) of marathons responded. Participants ranged from 30 to 30 000 runners with a total of 1 411 482 runners from 1976 through 2009. There were 31 SCA's including 11 deaths. The prevalence of SCA was 1 in 45 531, and 1 in 128 316 runners died. 30/31 runners with SCA were male with an average age of 46.7 years (range 19–82). Runners collapsed at the finish line (6), in the final 2 miles (6), from miles 17–23 (6), and before mile 16 (10), and three of the runner's locations were unknown. An automated external defibrillator (AED) was used in 20 cases, not used in two cases, and unknown in nine cases. The 11 non-survivors had eight non-shockable rhythms, and 11 of the 20 survivors had shockable rhythms treated with an AED. The autopsy diagnoses were coronary artery disease (8) and one runner died of congenital heart disease complications. Two causes of death were not known.ConclusionSCA occurs in approximately 1 in 45 000 marathon runners, is more common in middle to late aged males, and can occur anywhere along the race course with the majority of cases in the final 10 miles. Prompt resuscitation including use of an AED provides a high survival rate for the victims of SCA. Emergency planning with availability of AED's throughout the race course is recommended.
Correlation between functional asymmetry of professional soccer players and sprint
Authors: Sannicandro I , Piccinno A , Rosa R A , De Pascalis S 
Published: March 2011

BackgroundThe functional asymmetry (FA) of the soccer player lower limb is often analyzed to reduce the risk of injury. In football have been described power asymmetries (Samadiet al., 2009; Bittencourtet al., 2008; Rahnamaet al., 2005), differences in plantar pressure (Wonget al., 2007), asymmetries in vertical jump (Impellizzeriet al., 2007), differences in the ground reaction forces during the landing between dominant and non-dominant limb (Sannicandro, 2008). The FA, however, besides being a significant element of risk of injury, can affect the performance of the soccer player.ObjectiveThe study aims to analyze the relationships between asymmetry of the strength of the lower limb and sprint in professional footballers.DesignDescriptive research (a correlation study which investigates the relationship between variables).SettingSoccer Elite Division, at the end of off season conditioning.Participants25 soccer players (26.1 ± 2.9 year, 179.8 ± 3.6 cm, 77.9 ± 2.5 kg).Assessment of risk factorsThe assessment of explosive strength was performed through monopodalic jump, in literature defined as hop test and sprint test on 10 m and 20 m through photocells (TTSport, San Marino).Main outcome measurementsFA was calculated between the two limbs as follows (jump dominant-limb – jump non-dominant limb)/jump dominant-limb * 100 (Yamamoto, 1993; Impellizzeriet al., 2007). This value was correlated with the results (sec) obtained in the 10 m sprint and 20 m sprint.ResultsThe analysis of the correlation between FA and sprint 10 m and 20 m sprint between FA and showed values equal respectively to r=0.702 (p<0.001) and r=0.215 (ns).ConclusionThe results would suggest that the FA in the lower limb explosive strength affects the performance of short sprints, but not those of the longer sprint. In the 20 m sprint, other factors, such as cyclic speed and intermuscular coordination, could be of greater importance.
Psychological profiling of young female handball and basketball players – a pilot study
Authors: Shima Y , Kitaoka K , Nakase J , Goshima K , Takahashi R , Tsukagoshi S , Yoneda Y , Moriyama S , Ogawa Y , Tsuchiya H 
Published: March 2011

BackgroundThe influence of psychological factors on injuries in female handball and basketball is poorly documented.ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to examine the influence of psychological factors on injuries in female handball and basketball players, especially for non-contact anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries.DesignCase control study.Setting and ParticipantsA three-year prospective cohort study has been initiated in Japanese young female handball and basketball players to identify risk factors for non-contact ACL injuries. At baseline, 99 of 104 young female players (handball: 30 players, basketball: 69 players, age;15–16 years) were asked to complete a detailed questionnaire covering player history, previous injuries, KOOS, personality and psychological-competitive ability using the Y-G personality questionnaire and questionnaire for diagnostic inventory of psychological-competitive ability score (DIPCA-3).ResultsThere were no correlation between KOOS and DIPCA-3, and no significant differences were found between handball players and basketball players. There were no significant differences between previously injured and non-injured players in the score of KOOS and DIPCA-3. The players evaluated as D (director) type by the Y-G personality questionnaire scored significantly better result in DIPCA-3 than the A (average), B (burst), E (engineer) type (p=0.0128, p=0.001, p<0.001, respectively).ConclusionSince perceived mastery climate has been reported as a significant predictor for new injuries, the players who has high psychological-competitive ability evaluated as D type may be the injury-prone athletes. Prospective follow-up is necessary to elucidate whether high psychological-competitive ability is a risk factor for ACL injury or new injury.
Sagittal plane body positions influence tibial anteror shear force during single-leg landing
Authors: Shimokochi Y , Meyer E 
Published: March 2011

BackgroundExcessive tibiofemoral compression has been shown to rupture the Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) as axial tibia load may produce an anterior shear force to the proximal lateral tibial plateau.ObjectiveTo quantify and compare the amount of Tibial Anterior Shear Force (TASF) during three different landing styles.DesignControlled Crossover Design.SettingControlled Laboratory.Participants20 healthy volunteers (10 M, 10 F; 23.4±3.6 years, 171.0±9.4 cm, 73.3±12.7 kg) without history of lower extremity ligamentous injuries.InterventionsBiomechanical data were collected from three different landings; (1) self-selected (SS), (2) leaning forward (LF), and (3) upper body upright (UR). TASF was calculated from the sagittal plane knee joint reaction force, and assuming that the posterior slope of the lateral tibial plateau was 15° and that joint reaction force occurred on the lateral knee.Main outcome measuresMaximum TASFs (TASFmax) normalised by body weight (N), Sagittal plane angle of the ground reaction force (GRF) vector relative to the longitudinal axis of the tibia at TASFmax (GRFAngle, positive direction indicates GRF is inclined more anteriorly than the tibia in sagittal plane).ResultsLF produced the least amount of TASFmax whereas UR produced the largest amount of TASFmax (LF=0.54±0.06, SS=0.95±0.10, UR=1.30±0.11). GRFAnglein UR was the largest while no difference in GRFAnglewas observed between LF and SS (LF=−3.4°±2.2°, SS=0.2°±1.2°, UR=4.2°±1.1°).ConclusionsIt has been reported that GRF pushes the tibia posteriorly during landing, slacking the ACL. However, our research demonstrated GRFAnglemay push the tibia anteriorly and straining the ACL for certain sagittal plane body positions during landing. Based on the TASF calculations, the risk of ACL injuries may depend on the sagittal plane body positions during landing, as well as other factors which increase the lateral TASF, such as valgus knee loading and the amount of the posterior slope on the lateral tibial plateau.
Can a rescuer or simulated patient accurately assess motion during cervical spine stabilisation practice sessions?
Authors: Shrier I , Boissy P , Fecteau L , Mellete J , Steele R , Matheson G O , Garza D , Meeuwisse W H , Segal E , Boulay J 
Published: March 2011

BackgroundProper stabilisation of suspected unstable spine injuries is necessary to prevent (worsen) spinal cord damage. Almost all training relies on subjective reports from the simulated patient or observations from an independent person. The reliability and validity of these measures remains unknown.ObjectiveTo determine 1) how accurately rescuers and simulated patients assess motion during cervical spine (c-spine) stabilisation practice, and 2) if providing feedback on performance influences behaviour preferences.DesignCross-over design.Setting and Participants12 experienced therapists.AssessmentHead Squeeze and Trap Squeeze (random order) c-spine stabilisation during four test scenarios: lift-and-slide (L&S) and log-roll (LR) placement on spinal board, and agitated patient trying to sit up (AGIT-SIT) or rotate head (AGIT-ROT).Main outcome measurementsInter-rater reliability between rescuer and simulated patient quality scores for subjective evaluation of c-spine stabilisation during trials (0=best, 10=worst), correlation between rescuers' quality score and objective measure of motion with inertial measurement units (IMU), and frequency of change in preference for Head Squeeze vs Trap Squeeze.ResultsAlthough the weighted-kappa for inter-rater reliability was acceptable (0.71–0.74), scores varied by more than one points between rescuers/simulated patients for ∼10–15% of trials. Rescuers' scores correlated with objective measures but with large variability. For example, 38% of trials scored as almost perfect (0–1) by the rescuer actually had >10° of motion in at least one direction. In general, feedback did not affect preference for L&S. For the LR, 6/8 subjects preferring Head Squeeze at baseline preferred Trap Squeeze after feedback. For the confused patient, 5/5 subjects preferring Head Squeeze at baseline preferred Trap Squeeze after feedback.ConclusionRescuers and simulated patients could not adequately assess performance during c-spine stabilisation without objective measures. Providing immediate feedback is a promising tool for teaching proper technique and for changing preferences of behaviour in this context.
Dance injuries: assessment of risk factors by qualitative method
Authors: Bolling C Silveira , Pinheiro T Marcio Magalhães , Hernaez A Martinez 
Published: March 2011

BackgroundThe dance literature has been researching injuries risk factors but results are divergent. New factors need to be searched and the qualitative methods are a good way to search.ObjectivesTo search factors that affect the health of the dancers, from the dancer's representations.DesignThis is a cross-sectional study using a qualitative approach, from the perspective of the dancers.SettingProfessional dancers of a public dance company in Minas Gerais, Brazil.Participants22 dancers. All participants should be employed as dancers.InterventionsThe methodology was the application of free lists to identify the elements of the cultural field of the dancers, asking: what influence your health in your work? Two focus groups were conducted to discuss the relationship between health and work. Data analysis was performed with the software ATLAS.ti by the concepts of Grounded Theory.Mains outcome measurementsThe elements listed were coded and grouped for the development of the hypothesis through data analysis.ResultsThe dancers have described aspects of the organisation, as the dynamics of classes and tests, as well as management decisions, which generate changes in training load. The relationships between colleagues, directors and choreographers have been described as part of the health. The psychological aspects were represented in the duality of pleasure and suffering, beyond the great psychological pressure they are subjected to during the shows. They also describe strategies to prevent injuries, like social support, look for pleasure in the dance and changes in the way to do the classes and shows.ConclusionThe dancer presented as the work organisation and planning, the management, the working relationships, and psychological dynamics, which highlights the importance of including these aspects in future studies concerning the health of the dancer.
A comparison between the star excursion balance test and subjective assessment of knee stability in a single-leg squat
Authors: Steffen K , Nilstad A , Kristianslund E , Krosshaug T , Myklebust G , Bahr R 
Published: March 2011

BackgroundExcessive dynamic knee valgus may leave athletes prone to serious knee injuries. The Star Excursion Balance Test (StarReach) is an objective clinical test, well applicable for non-clinicians, to identify athletes with ankle instability, but it's potential to detect athletes with reduced knee control has not been examined.ObjectiveTo compare StarReach test performance with subjective assessment of dynamic knee valgus during a single-leg squat in female athletes.DesignControlled, laboratory study.SettingNorwegian female elite team handball and football.ParticipantsThis study is part of an ongoing cohort study aimed at investigating risk factors for non-contact anterior cruciate ligament injuries. Since 2007, a total of 321 handball and 246 football players (22±4 years) have been included.Main outcome measuresA physiotherapist assessed how well players stabilised their knees while performing a single-leg squat, and scored their performance as ‘good’, ‘reduced’ or ‘poor’. Maximum reach distances in the StarReach test were measured on both feet in the antero-, medio- and posterolateral directions. A total of 440 players were tested.ResultsStarReach test performance (reach distance adjusted for leg length) was significantly better for those players who were scored with ‘good’ versus ‘poor’ knee stability (p<0.01): anterolateral direction 100.1 cm (SD 8.7 cm) vs 92.0 (9.4) right and 93.4 (6.4) vs 88.7 (7.3) left knee; mediolateral 96.7 (6.7) vs 91.0 (7.8) right and 97.1 (6.2) vs 90.3 (6.9) left knee; posterolateral 105.7 (6.5) vs 98.9 (8.7) right and 106.0 (6.2) vs 98.7 (7.8) left knee. However, correlation coefficients between objective and subjective tests varied between 0.18 and 0.32 for knee stability.ConclusionPoor relationships between StarReach-test performance and subjective scores illustrate why these two tests cannot be used interchangeably to assess knee stability. Further investigations are needed to determine whether any of these tests can predict increased knee injury risk.