bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
CFD analysis of paraffin-based hybrid (Co–Au) and trihybrid (Co–Au–ZrO2) nanofluid flow through a porous medium
Authors: Yang Dezhi , Ahmad Sohail , Ali Kashif , Algarni Salem , Alqahtani Talal , Jamshed Wasim , Hussain Syed M. , Irshad Kashif , Ahmad Hijaz 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Ternary hybrid nanofluids possess improved thermal characteristics, enhanced stability, better physical strength, and multi-functionality as compared to hybrid or usual nanofluids. The aim of the ongoing study is to explore the novel thermal attributes of hybrid and trihybrid nanofluids through a porous medium. Whereas the nano-composition of cobalt (Co), gold (Au), and zirconium oxide (ZrO2) make amalgamation in the paraffin (Pfin) which is a base fluid. This nano-composition of the proposed nanoparticles, specifically, subject to the base fluid Pfin has not been interpreted before. The analysis not only covers the features of trihybrid nanofluids (Co–Au–ZrO2–Pfin) but it also describes the characteristics of hybrid (Co–Au–Pfin) as well as pure nanofluids (Co–Pfin). An efficient numerical algorithm is developed for which the numerical simulations are carried out. The approximations are performed in MATLAB software using “Successive under Relaxation (SUR)” technique. A comparison, under certain limiting conditions, with the established results appraises the efficiency of the numerical code. The outcomes evidently designate that temperature raises with the change in thermal radiation and volume fraction of gold and zirconium oxide in either case of pure, hybrid, or ternary nanofluids. The concentration

ϕ

3

{\phi }_{3}

of ZrO2 has a significant impact on Nusselt number rather than the concentration

ϕ

1

{\phi }_{1}

of cobalt and

ϕ

2

{\phi }_{2}

of gold. It has been comparatively noticed that the ternary nanofluids (Co–Au–ZrO2–Pfin) portray embellished and improvised thermal characteristics as compared to the other two cases.
A systematic review of subclinical hyperthyroidism guidelines: a remarkable range of recommendations
Authors: Ursem Stan R , Boelen Anita , Bruinstroop Eveline , Elders Petra J M , Gussekloo Jacobijn , Poortvliet Rosalinde K E , Heijboer Annemieke C , den Elzen Wendy P J 
Published: May 2024

Background
Subclinical thyroid diseases are often the subject of debate concerning their clinical significance, the appropriateness of diagnostic testing, and possible treatment. This systematic review addresses the variation in international guidelines for subclinical hyperthyroidism, focusing on diagnostic workup, treatment, and follow-up recommendations.

Methods
Following the PRISMA guidelines, we searched PubMed, Embase, and guideline-specific databases and included clinical practice guidelines with recommendations on subclinical hyperthyroidism. Guideline recommendations were extracted, and quality assessment was performed using selected questions of the Appraisal of Guidelines for Research & Evaluation (AGREE) II instrument.

Results
Of the 2624 records screened, 22 guidelines were included, which were published between 2007 and 2021. Guideline quality was generally intermediate to low. Diagnostic approaches differed substantially, particularly in the extent of recommended testing. Treatment initiation depended on TSH levels, age, and comorbidities, but the level of detail regarding defining precise comorbidities varied. Recommendations for monitoring intervals for follow-up ranged from 3 to 12 months.

Conclusion
This review underscores the existing variability in (inter)national guidelines concerning subclinical hyperthyroidism. There isa need for clear recommendations in guidelines considering diagnostic workup, treatment, and follow-up of subclinical hyperthyroidism. In order to establish this, future research should focus on determining clear and evidence-based intervention thresholds.
Implementing Entrustable Professional Activities in Pediatric Fellowships: Facilitating the Process
Authors: Langhan Melissa L. , Boyer Donald L. , Hsu Deborah , Moffatt Mary E. , Pitts Sarah A. , Atlas Mark P. , Aye Tandy , Chess Patricia , Curran Megan L. , Czaja Angela S. , Dammann Christiane E.L. , Fussell Jill , George Roshan P. , Herman Bruce E. , High Pamela , James Scott H. , Kamin Daniel S. , Karnik Ruchika , Kesselheim Jennifer , Lopez Michelle A. , Mahan John D. , McFadden Vanessa , McGann Kathleen A. , Mehta Jay J. , Rama Jennifer , Robinson Bradley W. , Sauer Cary , Stafford Diane E.J. , Turner David A. , Weiss Pnina , Yussman Susan M. , Schwartz Alan , Mink Richard 
Published: May 2024

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES
Entrustable professional activities (EPAs) will be used for initial certification by the American Board of Pediatrics by 2028. Less than half of pediatric fellowships currently use EPAs for assessment, yet all will need to adopt them. Our objectives were to identify facilitators and barriers to the implementation of EPAs to assess pediatric fellows and to determine fellowship program directors’ (FPD) perceptions of EPAs and Milestones.

METHODS
We conducted a survey of FPDs from 15 pediatric subspecialties. EPA users were asked about their implementation of EPAs, barriers encountered, and perceptions of EPAs. Nonusers were queried about deterrents to using EPAs. Both groups were asked about potential facilitators of implementation and their perceptions of Milestones.

RESULTS
The response rate was 65% (575/883). Of these, 344 (59.8%) were EPA users and 231 (40.2%) were nonusers. Both groups indicated work burden as a barrier to implementation. Nonusers reported more barriers than users (mean [SD]: 7 [3.8] vs 5.8 [3.4], P &lt; .001). Both groups identified training materials and premade assessment forms as facilitators to implementation. Users felt that EPAs were easier to understand than Milestones (89%) and better reflected what it meant to be a practicing subspecialty physician (90%). In contrast, nonusers felt that Milestones were easy to understand (57%) and reflected what it meant to be a practicing subspecialist (58%).

CONCLUSIONS
Implementing EPA-based assessment will require a substantial investment by FPDs, facilitated by guidance and easily accessible resources provided by multiple organizations. Perceived barriers to be addressed include FPD time constraints, a need for additional assessment tools, and outcomes data.
What are the perceptions of healthy food choices? A cross-sectional study from Saudi Arabia
Authors: A. Alissa Nawal 
Published: May 2024

Previous studies conducted in Saudi Arabia demonstrated dietary patterns or energy/nutrient intakes with limited information about Saudi’s perception about healthy food choices. Insights in the perceptions of healthy food choices are critical for developing targeted interventions to support Saudi population with the goal of improving healthy eating behaviors and, as a result, lowering the risk of diet-related diseases. Therefore, this study aimed to assess knowledge, attitude as well as the practice of people about healthy food choices in Saudi Arabia. The study employed a descriptive cross-sectional design with 303 participants included in the analysis. The population settings were at three primary healthcare centers in Tabuk city of Saudi Arabia. Data were collected through self-administered paper–pencil surveys to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practices of healthy food choices. Data were analyzed using the SPSS statistical software version 26. The results revealed that participants in this study performed above average in terms of their perceptions (knowledge, attitude, and practice) of healthy food choices. The major findings of this study showed that statistically significance difference was found between the place of residence in relation to the practices of healthy food choices (F 7,238 and p < 0.05). A significant association was observed between knowledge of healthy food choices and marital status. Multiple comparisons post hoc tests indicated that the married group was a significantly different group at α = 0.044. Additionally, the relationship between monthly income groups and attitudes was statistically significant, with p < 0.05. Findings of this study could assist health educators in developing appropriate programs, awareness messages, and community campaigns to improve perceptions about healthy food choices. The findings observed that considering why practicing healthy food choices that could lower the risk of diseases and promote optimal health could be a challenge.
Risk Factors for Treatment Drop Out Among Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients at the UPT Public Health Center in Medan Sunggal
Authors: Zuhair Raisa Daffa , Ismah Zata 
Published: May 2024

Objective: To determine the factors contributing to treatment dropout in tuberculosis (TB) patients.Methods: This study utilized a case-control design with a sample size of 81 participants. Univariate, bivariate, and multivariate analyses were conducted, and an accidental sampling technique was employed.Results: The research analysis revealed a significant relationship between knowledge and family support (p<0.05). However, there was no significant relationship found between drug side effects and treatment dropout (p>0.05). This lack of significance may be attributed to the consistent occurrence of side effects throughout the different stages of treatment.Conclusion: In conclusion, this research demonstrates a significant correlation between patients' knowledge, family support, and treatment dropout (p<0.05). Conversely, no significant correlation was found between drug side effects and treatment dropout (p>0.05).
Interpretation of Platelet Histograms and Their Correlation with Peripheral Smear in Data Showing Thrombocytopenia
Authors: Shinde Aparna , Modi Alisha , Patil Amruta 
Published: May 2024

Objective: To analyze the significance of platelet histograms and peripheral smears in understanding thrombocytopenia and compare them for the incidence of pseudothrombocytopenia.Methods: This prospective study was conducted in the Department of Pathology at a tertiary care medical institute. The study included 200 cases of thrombocytopenia. Platelet parameters (PCT, PDW, MPV) were obtained using an autoanalyzer, and peripheral smears were examined manually. Thrombocytopenia cases were classified into hyper-destructive, hypo-productive, and abnormal pooling categories based on etiology and platelet histogram patterns. The incidence of pseudothrombocytopenia was also compared. A P value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The gender distribution showed a male preponderance (56% male, 44% female). The mean age of the patients was 26.8 years. The study found hyper-destructive thrombocytopenia to be the most common type, with viral fever, sepsis, and malaria being the common etiologies for this type of thrombocytopenia. Histogram analysis revealed distinct patterns for different types of thrombocytopenia. The study also noted a higher incidence of pseudothrombocytopenia in automated analysis compared to manual methods, with a statistically significant difference.Conclusion: Platelet histograms combined with peripheral smear analysis provide crucial information about the etiology and nature of thrombocytopenia. This integrated approach enhances diagnostic accuracy and aid in effective patient management.
Short neuropeptide F in integrated insect physiology
Authors: Cholewiński Marcin , Chowański Szymon , Lubawy Jan , Urbański Arkadiusz , Walkowiak-Nowicka Karolina , Marciniak Paweł 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe short neuropeptide F (sNPF) family of peptides is a multifunctional group of neurohormones involved in the regulation of various physiological processes in insects. They have been found in a broad spectrum of species, but the number of isoforms in the precursor molecule varies from one to four. The receptor for sNPF (sNPFR), which belongs to the G protein-coupled receptor family, has been characterized in various insect orders and was shown to be an ortholog of the mammalian prolactin-releasing peptide receptor (PrPR). The sNPF signaling pathway interacts with other neurohormones such as insulin-like peptides, SIFamide, and pigment-dispersing factors (PDFs) to regulate various processes. The main physiological function of sNPF seems to be involved in the regulation of feeding, but the observed effects are species-specific. sNPF is also connected with the regulation of foraging behavior and the olfactory system. The influence of sNPF on feeding and thus energy metabolism may also indirectly affect other vital processes, such as reproduction and development. In addition, these neurohormones are involved in the regulation of locomotor activity and circadian rhythm in insects. This review summarizes the current state of knowledge about the sNPF system in insects.
Certain problems of protecting the constitutional rights of the individual when considering complaints by the courts in accordance with Article 125 of the Code of Criminal Procedure of the Russian Federation
Authors: Osipov A. L. 
Published: May 2024

Based on the conceptual characteristics of the institute of judicial control in accordance with Article 125 of the CCP of the Russian Federation, separate problems of protecting the constitutional rights of an individual using this means of judicial protection are identified: lack of uniformity in the interpretation of norms on the subject and ambit of judicial control; lack of clear standards of proof when considering complaints by courts in accordance with Article 125 of the CCP of the Russian Federation; lack of regulatory provisions defining formal criteria for the admissibility of submitted complaints, which entails limiting the right of interested persons to judicial protection in cases of arbitrary interpretation of the provisions of the law by the courts. As measures to improve judicial practice, it is proposed to refine the subject, ambit and standards of judicial control by referring to them the issues of validity and proportionality of restrictions on constitutional rights of the individual, as well as assessing the sufficiency of evidence in favor of the introduction of such restrictions; regulatory clarification of the requirements for the content of complaints, as well as the powers of the court to make decisions on refusal to accept formally unacceptable complaints for production.
Note on blow up solutions for a general class of semilinear parabolic equations involving second order operator
Authors: Bousgheiri Abdelhak , Ourraoui Anass 
Published: May 2024

This work deals with an initial-boundary value problem of Laplacian parabolic equation (h(u))t + △pu = f(u(x,t)),inΩ × (0,∞), u(x,t) = 0,on∂Ω × (0,∞), u(x0) = u0 ≥ 0, x ∈Ω¯, where Ω is a bounded domain in RN, N ≥ 1. Our contribution is to give a new condition on nonlinearity to obtain the blow-up solutions of the above equations.
Analysis of actual results of drug supply implementation within framework of High-Cost Nosologies Program
Authors: Ivakhnenko O. I. , Ryazhenov V. V. , Maksimkina E. A. , Fisenko V. S. , Savoskin O. V. , Kuznetsova M. M. 
Published: May 2024

The accessibility and pharmaceutical care coverage are linked to political, economic and managerial decisions. That fact necessitates the evaluation of the state programs results in the field of the drug provision.The aim of the work was to assess the quantitative results of the implementation of the High-Cost Nosologies program in the Russian Federation from 2008 to 2023 to determine further vectors of its improvement.Materials and methods. The regulatory base of the work was made up of the Russian Federation legislation in the field of the drug provision. The open sources were used as the research information base for the data collection and analysis: reports of federal and regional executive authorities, materials of specialized conferences, results of published studies.Results. The drug coverage under the High-Cost Nosologies (VZN) program is provided for 14 nosologies, 11 of which are classified as orphan diseases. Since its implementation, the HCNs program has been expanded twice by including new nosologies in 2019 and 2020. As of 01 October 2023, the number of patients in the Federal Register of VZN was 263 721 people, which was 13.58 times greater compared to 2008. The drug provision is carried out according to the list of 47 INNs. The amount of funding for the program increased from RUB 32 bn in 2008 to RUB 87.96 bn in 2023. The most resource-intensive nosologies include hemophilia, multiple sclerosis and oncohematology.Conclusion. The main quantitative characteristics of the implementation of the HCNs program and the identified vectors for its further improvement have been analyzed in this study. The results obtained can be used to conduct analytical studies, including the ones within nosologies and nosological groups included in the program, in order to optimize a pharmaceutical care. The focus of improving the implementation of the VZN program is related to the improvement of the legal framework, a patient treatment paradigm and approaches to its financing.
Development of a method for quantitative determination of nitric oxide (NO) in rat tissues based on high-performance liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry
Authors: Popov N. S. , Gavrilenko D. A. , Baranov M. S. , Balabanyan V. Yu. 
Published: May 2024

A quantitative assessment of nitric oxide (NO) production in body tissues is an urgent problem in pharmacology and biochemistry. The study of physiological processes occurring with the participation of NO, as well as the metabolism and pharmacodynamics of pharmacological agents from the group of NO donors, requires the introduction of accurate and reproducible methods for the quantitative determination of this metabolite in biological media.The aim of the study was to develop the HPLC-MS/MS methods for the quantitative determination of NO in various tissues of rats.Materials and methods. The indirect NO quantification was based on estimation of the level of more stable metabolites: nitrites and nitrates extracted from rat tissues by homogenization with water. The reduction of nitrates to nitrites was carried out using nitrate reductase. The derivatization of nitrites was based on a reaction with Griess reagent. The resulting azo dye was determined by HPLC-MS/MS using an Agilent InfinityLab Poroshell 120 EC-C18 4.6×100 mm, 2.7 μm analytical column. The total chromatographic analysis time was 12 minutes, and the analyte retention time was 6.1 minutes. The analytical range of the method was 0.1–100.0 nmol (in terms of nitrite) per 1 ml of plasma or tissue homogenate.Results. The developed a bioanalytical method was validated according to the following parameters: a selectivity, a matrix effect, a recovery degree, a sample transfer, an analytical range linearity, a lower limit of quantification (LLOQ), an intra- and inter-assay accuracy and precision, and a stability at all the stages of the analysis. To test the method, the NO content in the plasma, brain, heart, aorta and lungs of rats was determined.Conclusion. The developed bioanalytical HPLC-MS/MS methods fully meets the validation requirements. The metrological characteristics of the technique make it possible to highly accurately estimate the NO production in various tissues of rats, which is undoubtedly relevant and in demand in the study of pathological processes as well as the mechanism of action of pharmacological agents from the group of NO donors.
ESTIMASI DISTRIBUSI PERGERAKAN DI KABUPATEN SRAGEN DENGAN METODE INFERENSI-BAYES DAN FUNGSI HAMBATAN EKSPONENSIAL NEGATIF
Authors: Krisnanda Cesario Alvian , Syafi’i  , Handayani Dewi 
Published: May 2024

Huge intensity of activities in a specific area could cause transportation problems. Therefore, it’s important to make a transportation planning, especially in the form of an origin-destination matrix using the Gravity Model and β parameter as the resistance function. This study’s goal was to acquire the value of the β parameter, study area’s total movement, and the validity level of the modeled traffic flow compared to the observed traffic flow. This Origin Destination Matrix estimations used the Gravity Model with generation and pulls as the constrains helped by the EMME/3 application. This Origin Destination Matrix estimation needed β parameter that’s obtained by the Newton-Raphson Calibration Method with the User Equilibrium method resulted in modeled traffic flow. The β parameter of this study obtained from Microsoft Excel program calculations, which was 0.0800. The Origin Destination Matrix estimation bring out the total movement estimation of Sragen District in 2022 was 9,892 pcu/hour and had the validity level (R2) of 0.7851.
ABSTRAK

Intensitas tinggi aktivitas di suatu area tertentu bisa menyebabkan permasalahan transportasi. Oleh karena itu, perlu dibentuk perencanaan transportasi, khususnya dalam bentuk Matriks Asal Tujuan menggunakan Model Gravity dan parameter β sebagai fungsi hambatan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mendapatkan nilai parameter β, total pergerakan dalam wilayah kajian, dan tingkat validitas arus lalu lintas hasil pemodelan yang didapat dari pembandingan dengan arus lalu lintas pengamatan. Estimasi Matriks Asal Tujuan ini menggunakan Model Gravity dengan bangkitan dan tarikan sebagai batasan yang dibantu dengan aplikasi EMME/3. Estimasi Matriks Asal Tujuan ini membutuhkan parameter β yang didapatkan dengan Metode Kalibrasi Newton-Raphson dengan Metode User Equilibrium yang menghasilkan arus lalu lintas pemodelan. Parameter β yang didapatkan dari penelitian ini didapatkan dari kalkulasi program aplikasi Microsoft Excel adalah sebesar 0,0800. Estimasi Matriks Asal Tujuan menghasilkan total pergerakan estimasi dari Kabupaten Sragen pada tahun 2022 adalah 9.892 smp/jam dan memiliki tingkat validitas (R2) sebesar 0,7851.
Evaluation of an Automated Wall-mounted Far Ultraviolet-C Light Technology for Continuous or Intermittent Decontamination of Candida auris on Surfaces
Authors: Memic Samir , Kaple Claire , Cadnum Jennifer , Donskey Curtis 
Published: May 2024

Background: Technologies that provides safe and effective decontamination of surfaces and equipment between episodes of manual cleaning could be an important advance in efforts to prevent transmission of the emerging fungal pathogen Candida auris.
Methods: We tested the efficacy of a novel wall-mounted far ultraviolet-C (UV-C) light technology that delivers far UV-C, when people are not detected within the field of illumination, against C. auris isolates from clades I, II, III, and IV using a quantitative disk carrier test method. In an equipment room, we examined the efficacy of the technology in reducing an isolate of C. auris from clade IV inoculated on multiple sites on portable devices.
Results: The far UV-C technology reduced isolates from all 4 clades of C. auris by >3 log10 colony-forming units (CFU) after an 8-hour exposure on steel disks. For the clade IV isolate, similar reductions were achieved on glass and plastic carriers. In the equipment room, the technology reduced C. auris inoculated on multiple sites on portable equipment by >2 log10 CFU in 4 hours.
Conclusions: The far UV-C technology could be useful for decontamination of surfaces and equipment between episodes of manual cleaning. Additional studies are needed to evaluate the use of the technology in clinical settings.