bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stepwise caries intervention: An approach precursive to endodontic intervention – A case series
Authors: Dholani Juhi I. , Chokshi Shraddha Pallav , Sanghvi Zarana K. , Menon Sidharth Santhosh 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Stepwise caries excavation, being conceptualized for quite a time now, aims at phasic and thoughtful excavation of the diseased tissue, with a simultaneous attention to the fundamental principles of restorative dentistry. It has gained a humongous momentum conventionally, as the clinicians have eagle-eyed minimally invasive approaches for every possible treatment modality. The attempted case series showcases six cases of deep carious lesion managed by two-step caries excavation protocol in healthy patients diagnosed with chronic symptomatic reversible pulpitis, conclusively holding the longest favorable follow-up of over 3 years. This technique has a paramount clinical potential, conditional on appropriateness of case selection and clinical technique.
Endodontic management of severely calcified mandibular anterior teeth using guided endodontics: A report of a case and a review of the literature
Authors: Davaji Mina , Karimpour Sahar 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Root canal calcification mainly occurs after physiologic dentin deposition throughout the aging process in elderlies or after traumatic injuries in young people, which can make endodontic treatment a challenge. The aim of this case report is to illustrate the successful endodontic treatment of severely calcified mandibular anterior teeth with the aid of “guided endodontics.” A 63-year-old Persian male patient was referred from the prosthetics department for root canal treatment of all six mandibular anterior teeth before his full-mouth reconstruction. Clinical examination showed severe attrition in all mandibular teeth with only the canines responding to sensitivity tests within the normal ranges. No tenderness to percussion and palpation or visible pocket depth was observed. Preoperative radiographs showed normal periodontal ligament spaces with no visible root canals within incisors, while the canines had moderately recessed pulpal spaces. A diagnosis of normal pulpoperiapical status was made. After precise clinical and radiographic examination, obtaining cone-beam computed tomographic images and digital intraoral scans, root canal treatments of the target teeth were performed using a custom-made three-dimensional model. A 4-month follow-up showed asymptomatic teeth, confirming that the endodontic guide is a useful tool to manage these cases safely. Previous case reports concerning “static guided endodontics” were also reviewed to identify the research gaps and the current limitations and benefits of the method.
The prevalence and causes of wrong tooth root canal treatment in Saudi Arabia: A cross-sectional survey
Authors: Al-Nefaie Abeer K. , Al-Beiruty Farah H. , Bakkar Mohammed Othman 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Introduction:
Root canal treatment (RCT) is a common dental procedure performed by general dentists and endodontists. It is prone to complications, such as the wrong tooth treatment. The objective is to study the prevalence of wrong tooth RCT (WTRCT) among dental health-care practitioners in Saudi Arabia in addition to the causative factors leading to the treatment of the wrong tooth.

Materials and Methods:
A cross-sectional study was conducted among dentists (n = 393) in Saudi Arabia between May and November 2022. Respondent characteristics, WTRCT incident details, and procedures followed before RCT were collected from the survey. Minitab was used for the data analysis. Descriptive statistics, binary logistic regression, and t-test were used. A P < 0.05 was set for statistical significance.

Results:
The number of respondent dentists was 390. The prevalence of dentists performing WTRCT accounted for 6.9% (n = 27). Misdiagnosis 14.67% was the leading cause of WTRCT, followed by the simultaneous placement of a rubber dam with a clamp and miscommunication 13.33%. WTRCT is more likely to occur in dentists who have more than 10 years of clinical experience since graduation (P = 0.004). Endodontists were about six times more likely to have this error occur (P = 0.001).

Conclusions:
The prevalence of WTRCT among dentists in Saudi Arabia is 6.9%, with the majority being general dentists and endodontists. Posterior teeth are found to be the most involved site. It is important to spread awareness among dentists about WTRCT and to be more cautious while performing treatment on multirooted teeth.
The first experiences of preclinical dentistry students with rotary instruments: A pilot study
Authors: Büyükbayram Işıl Kaya , Çolakoğlu Gizem , Al-Shammari Sana Mahroos , Stoicefidis Katia 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Introduction:
Rotary instrumentation has been included in the undergraduate endodontic curriculum to improve the quality of endodontic treatment. The aim of this study was to compare the technical quality of root canal fillings performed by preclinical dentistry students trained with hand instrumentation (THI) or not during their initial trial with rotary instruments.

Materials and Methods:
Twenty-four 3rd-year students were distributed into two groups: 12 students THI group and 12 students not trained with hand instrumentation (NTHI group). Both the groups received a 50-min theoretical lecture and a demonstration about the ProTaper Universal® system before being asked to complete endodontic treatments on one extracted maxillary central incisor, premolar, and molar using rotary instrumentation and obturation with the single-cone technique. The endodontic treatment technical quality was determined by periapical radiographs. Data were statistically analyzed, and P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results:
A total of 144 root canals were performed by preclinical students. Although the difference in the technical quality of the canals was nonsignificant among the groups (P > 0.05), the THI group had more adequately filled root canals (45.8%) than the NTHI group (29.2%). Only maxillary central incisors had underfilled canals, whereas teeth with multirooted canals were subjected to various procedural errors in both the groups (P > 0.05).

Conclusions:
Intensive hand instrumentation (HI) preclinical training did not significantly improve the technical quality of root canals performed by preclinical dentistry students during their initial trial with rotary instruments. The student’s familiarity with HI did not decrease the incidence of procedural errors when performing root canal treatment with rotary instruments.
Heavy Metals Analysis and Physicochemical Characterization of Groundwater at a Battery Recycling Site in South-western Nigeria
Authors: Adeleke Adeniyi T. , Odunaike Rasaki K. , Alausa Shamsideen K. , Olayiwola Idris O. , Talabi Adetoro T. , Adeniji Qasim A. , Adeniyi Adejumobi C. 
Published: May 2024

Indiscriminate dumping of battery waste is a huge issue that endangers human health and the environment. This study aimed at analysing the health impacts of exposure to pollution from spent battery recycling in Ogun State, which houses a diverse range of battery recycling industries. At this study site, forty water samples were studied over the Wet and Dry seasons to assess the impact of battery recycling waste on groundwater. Except for the TSS, the physiochemical parameters of the groundwater vary with season and are within the permissible limits. The electrical conductivity (EC), turbidity, Phosphorus, Biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), Dissolve oxygen (DO), and Total suspended solid (TSS) within the study year ranges from 51.00 - 178.22 S/cm, 2.26 - 2.36 NTU, 0.089 - 0.66 mg/L, 13.3 - 14.2 mg/L, 5.06 - 5.67 mg/L, and 78.0 - 88.4 mg/L, respectively. Furthermore, the average concentrations (in ppm) obtained for Mn, Cu, Zn, Ni, Cd, As, Fe, Pb, Cr, and Co are 0.407 – 0.42, 0.355 – 0.369, 0.179 – 0.225, 0.061 – 0.265, 0.366 – 0.464, 0.488 – 0.631, 0.544 – 0.601, 0.481 – 0.576, 0.284 – 0.334, 0.3 – 0.382. The Heavy Metal Pollution Index (HPI) values ranging from 3.880 to 4.528 indicate minimal levels of heavy metal contamination, but water quality index (WQI) scores ranging from 124.68 to 131.46 indicate potential environmental hazards.
Population Genetic Structure and Demographic History of Opsaridium microcephulum along Lake Nyasa
Authors: Nehemia Alex , Mwakalesi Alinanuswe J. 
Published: May 2024

The Sanjika, Opsaridium microcephalum is among the fish species that serve as a major source of proteins and income to people along Lake Nyasa. However, the information on its genetic diversity and structure particularly in the Tanzania part of the Lake is limited. Therefore, the assessment of the genetic diversity and structure of O.microcephalum along the Lake Nyasa part of Tanzania was conducted in the current study using a fragment of the mitochondrial COI gene from 92 individuals of O. microcephalum. The findings showed that an average haplotype diversity and average nucleotide diversity were 0.8065 ± 0.0314 and 0.002380 ± 0.001640, respectively. The molecular Variance (AMOVA) indicated significant genetic variations among the subpopulations studied (Overall Φst = 0.31560, p < 0.001). The lowest haplotype diversity was recorded at Manda and the highest haplotype diversity was recorded at Buloma. The lowest nucleotide diversity was recorded at Manda and the highest was recorded at Lupingu. The differences in genetic diversity can be a possible indicator of different localised evolutionary forces that require attention to conservationists for the sustainable management of O. microcephalum
EFFECT OF KECEMCEM (Spondias pinnata) EXTRACT ON ANGIOGENESIS OF GINGIVA AFTER CURETASE OF WISTAR RATS
Authors: Ramadhany Eka Pramudita , Adibah Media Sukmalia , Yanta I Ketut Suandika Dharma 
Published: May 2024

Background: Curettage procedure cause wounds that require adjuvant therapy. One of adjuvant therapies used is hyaluronic acid. However, recently, several studies have focused on antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of various natural products such as the bark of kecemcem tree (Spondias pinnata) which has protective effect against oxidative and inflammatory changes occurs during development of mucositis. Based on this, researchers were interested examining effect of giving kecemcem bark extract on formation of new blood vessels (angiogenesis) in gingiva after curettage.
Materials and Methods: Wistar rats were divided into 3 groups, negative control, positive control, and treatment group. Previously, rats had induced periodontal pockets by tying silk threads on mandibular incisors and after that they were curettage using a gracey curette. Negative control group was given CMC-Na, positive control group was given hyaluronic acid and treatment group was given 70% kecemcem bark extract gel. Rats were sacrificed on day 3, 5 and 7 and then histological preparations were made.
Results and discussion: Average number of new blood vessels in the treatment group was higher than control group and positive control with two-way ANOVA test showed that average number of new blood vessels in each group had significant difference (p<0.05). This supports hypothesis that compounds found in the bark of the kecemcem tree such as beta-sitosterol, phenols, and flavonoids have effect on increasing angiogenesis in gingival wounds after curettage of Wistar rats.
Conclusion: 70% kecemcem bark extract gel has effect on increasing angiogenesis in gingival wounds after curettage of Wistar rats.
Article RETRACTED due to manipulation by the authors Biomechanical Analyses of Scoop in Field Hockey
Authors: Chaeroni Ahmad , Husain Ikram , Ahmed Mottakin , Singh Agam Pratap , Sayed Md Abu , Okilanda Ardo , Ihsan Nurul , Padli Padli , Kumbara Hengki , Haryanto Jeki , Febrian Mario 
Published: May 2024

Field hockey is an Olympic sport played all over the world. Hockey is played with a stick where one requires endurance, agility, balance coordination, and high skill to convert the shot. There are various kinds of skills i.e. hitting, dribbling, scooping, tackling etc. Only scoop was selected for the study in different phases (stance phase, execution phase, follow through phase). Field hockey scoop is the aerial passing by lifting the ball from the ground inserting head of hockey stick under the ball. Scoop plays vital role in competitive field hockey games. The aim of the study was to find out the kinematic difference in the elbow joint, knee joint, and ankle joint. The objective of the study was to find out the angular differences of elbow joint, knee joint, and ankle joint in different phases of delivery of field hockey scoop shot. Researchers hypothesised that there are significance differences in elbow joint angle, knee joint angle, and ankle joint angle during delivering of field hockey scoop shot. Six males inter university players aged from 20-24 years were selected for the study and at least they represented at inter university games /national level. Set of the camera is at 1.10 m in height and 3.70 meters. The focal length is 5.6, the resolution is 1080, and the frame rate is 100 per sec. A Sony FRD-AX700 camera was placed 3.7 meters apart on the right side of the hockey player. Angle of elbow joint, angle of knee joint, angle ankle joint, cadence, stride length, and numbers of frames were analysed using Kinovea 0.9.5 software. This research will help the players to execute scoop after knowing elbow joint angle, knee joint angle, and ankle joint angle.
Key Words: Field Hockey, Scoop, Elbow, Ankle, Knee.
Transmisión del maltrato de género en la infancia: trastorno traumático de desarrollo
Authors: Merino Lorente Susana 
Published: May 2024

Este artículo expone los efectos de la transmisión generacional de la violencia contra las mujeres en la pareja y trastorno traumático de desarrollo (TTD) que se origina en la infancia. El objetivo de este artículo es acentuar la importancia de estos efectos en los hijos e hijas, del TTD que es difícil de identificar y la detección de la violencia para abordar las diferentes necesidades de las víctimas. Se ha realizado una búsqueda de la literatura y revisión crítica más relevante de bases de datos internacionales. Se incluyeron artículos que abordaban los aspectos biopsicosociales relacionados con la violencia de género (VG) y TTD, acentuando la influencia en la infancia y transferencia intergeneracional, publicados en inglés y español. Se analiza la vulnerabilidad infantil ante estas situaciones de riesgo y procesos que determinan las relaciones afectivas en la etapa adulta y salud psicosocial. Siendo los niños y las niñas víctimas directas de la VG, del maltrato, abuso emocional, físico y negligencias. Por último, se proponen recursos teóricos y prácticos que fomentan la concienciación psicosocial además del trabajo multidisciplinar indispensables para evitar o liberar las secuelas del maltrato, el TTD y repercusiones transgeneracionales de la VG que comienzan en la infancia
KRITIK DAN PENOLAKAN ULAMA HANBALI ATAS PEMIKIRAN TEOLOGI IBNU TAIMIYYAH
Authors: Fata Badrus Samsul 
Published: May 2024

Ibnu Taimiyyah (d. 728 H) has been the source of tension between his supporters and opponents for centuries. These supporters believed that Ibn Taimiyyah was ma'shum, more superior to Imam Ahmad bin Hanbal, and they even believed he was the ultimate mujtahid (khatim al-mujtahidin). However, such claims ignore the sharp rejection of Sunnis schools and generations (Hanafiyyah, Malikiyyah, Syafi'iyyah) and even the internal assessments of the Hanbali scholars such as Imam Ibn Rajab al-Hanbali (w. 795H), Imam Ibnu al-Mardawi al-Hanbali (w. 885H), Imam Ibnu Najjar al-Hanbali (w. 972H), Imam al-Buhuti al-Hanbali (w. 1051H), dan Imam al-Safarayni al-Hanbali (w. 1188H). This paper uses an interdisciplinary approach to analyze primary sources to demonstrate the referential hierarchy as the internal consensus of the Hanbali school (ijma' fi al-madhabihi), as the dispute over the results of tarjih formulation in ushul and furu' comes up. The first rank is the founding father of Hanbali school, Imam Ahmad bin Hanbal himself. The second place is Imam Ibnu Qudamah al-Maqdisi al-Hanbali, the writer of Kitab al-Kafi fi Fiqh al-Imam Ahmad bin Hanbal and Kitab al-Mughni. The third contributor is Imam Majduddin Abu al-Barakah al-Taimy, the writer of Kitab al-Muharrar fi al-Fiqh. The fourth rank belongs to Imam Ibn Muflih al-Hanbali, Kitab al-Furu's writer. The fifth place is Imam Ibnu Rajab al-Hanbali, the writer of Kitab al-Qawa'id al-Fiqhiyah. The sixth rank is Imam Ibnu Hamdan al-Hanbali, the writer of Kitab al-Ri'ayah al-Kubra. The seventh contributor is Imam Taqiyyuddin Ibn Taimiyyah, who wrote Kitab Majmu' al-Fatawa. The eighth rank is Imam Ibn 'Abdus al-Hanbali, the writer of Kitab al-Tadhkirah fi al-Fiqh. Furthermore, this article also proves that Ibn Taymiyyah is not the only scholar of the Hanbali school to hold the title of Syaikhul Islam among Hanbali scholars; there are still many others. Instead, Syaikhul Imam Abdul Qadir al-Jilani al-Hanbali received a more prestigious title as the Sultan-al-Masyayikh among the leading scholars of the Hanbali school.
PENGUATAN KARAKTER NASIONALIS PESERTA DIDIK MELALUI PROGRAM RAMAH ANAK DI SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Hajaniah Yusnia , Arifin Jaenal 
Published: May 2024

Penelitian ini membahas tentang bagaimana sekolah menerapkan penguatan karakter nasionalis peserta didik melalui program ramah anak. Program ramah anak merupakan rangkaian kegiatan terprogram yang diadakan sekolah dasar negeri Bojong 3 yaitu untuk memfasilitasi dan mengembangkan potensi peserta didik serta menjamin dalam memenuhi hak, memberikan perlindungan, rasa nyaman, aman dengan tujuan untuk mendapatkan pengetahuan, pengalaman, serta pengalaman belajar yang menyenangkan dan terhindar dari tindakan diskriminasi dan kekerasan selama berada di sekolah. Metode penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif, mengungkap dan menganalisis secara menyeluruh dan mendalam. Penelitian menemukan bahwa dalam pelaksanaannya penguatan karakter nasionalis peserta didik melalui program ramah anak memiliki 3 aspek yang mendukung yaitu : (1) melalui kebijakan yang diterapkan di sekolah,(2) melalui program adiwiyata berbasis lingkungan, (3) melalui kegiatan pengembangan diri seluruh peserta didik melalui kegiatan baik di dalam maupun di luar kelas Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa penguatan karakter nasionalis peserta didik telah berhasil terbukti dengan adanya perubahan karakter nasionalis peserta didik yang antusias mengikuti kegiatan yang ada seperti pengembangan diri melalui kegiatan berkreasi membuat prakarya yaitu menghias berbagai macam rupa berbagai macam rumah adat yang ada di indonesia dengan menggunakan bahan-bahan ramah lingkungan dan ikut serta dalam kegiatan permainan tradisional dalam upaya untuk melestarikan budaya bangsa, serta perubahan sikap disiplin positif dan menghargai jasa pahlawan yang berjuang membela negara yang mencerminkan karakter nasionalis peserta didik yaitu datang ke sekolah tepat waktu, mengikuti upacara dengan tertib dan hikmat, menggunakan seragam rapi, bersih dengan artibut lengkap.
Influence of Integrating Childbirth Preparation Program on Birth Outcomes among Pregnant Women in Western Kenya
Authors: Wanyonyi Mable , Wanzala Maximilla , Kipmerewo Mary , Raballah Evans 
Published: May 2024

Childbirth education and preparation has been fronted as key element in enhancing maternal and neonatal health and preventing some adverse outcomes. There is paucity of literature in Kenyan setting linking maternal childbirth education and maternal and neonatal outcomes. The study aimed to assess the effect of an educational intervention in childbirth and its influence on maternal and neonatal outcomes among expectant women in western Kenya. A Quasi-experimental design was utilised. The health facilities were selected by simple random sampling. Expectant women were enrolled at antenatal care services and allocated to either the control group or the intervention group. Those in the intervention group went through 2 hourly sessions of childbirth preparation teaching twice in the course of the 32nd–35th weeks of gestation. Investigation and assessment on specific maternal and neonatal outcomes was done within 48 hours following delivery. Chi-square and independent t tests were used to determine the statistical difference. More mothers in the control experienced prolonged labour 12% compared to 2.2% in the intervention (P<0.001). Progression failure was high in the control 8.9% compared to 1.1% in the intervention (P=0.001). The control had more cases of augmentation 11% compared to 2.7% in the intervention (P=0.004). Higher APGAR scores were recorded in the intervention group at 1 and 5 minutes compared to the control (P<0.001). Few cases of birth asphyxia were in the intervention 1.6% compared to 5.8% in the control (P<0.001). The intervention program aimed at enhancing childbirth knowledge and improving self- efficacy offered prior to birth was successful in reducing adverse birth outcomes in mothers and their neonates in the intervention group. A program aimed at enhancing women’s’ self- efficacy and improving their knowledge on childbirth should be structured and incorporated in the routine antenatal care to reduce some adverse maternal and neonatal health outcomes associated with fear anxiety and uncertainty related to inadequate childbirth knowledge.
A Lagrangian perspective on the lifecycle and cloud radiative effect of deep convective clouds over Africa
Authors: Jones William K. , Stengel Martin , Stier Philip 
Published: May 2024

Abstract. The anvil clouds of tropical deep convection have large radiative effects in both the shortwave (SW) and longwave (LW) spectra with the average magnitudes of both over 100 W m−2. Despite this, due to the opposite sign of these fluxes, the net average of the anvil cloud radiative effect (CRE) over the tropics is observed to be neutral. Research into the response of the anvil CRE to climate change has primarily focused on the feedbacks of anvil cloud height and anvil cloud area, in particular regarding the LW feedback. However, tropical deep convection over land has a strong diurnal cycle which may couple with the shortwave component of the anvil cloud radiative effect. As this diurnal cycle is poorly represented in climate models it is vital to gain a better understanding of how its changes impact the anvil CRE. To study the connection between the deep convective cloud (DCC) lifecycle and CRE, we investigate the behaviour of both isolated and organised DCCs in a 4-month case study over sub-Saharan Africa (May–August 2016). Using a novel cloud tracking algorithm, we detect and track growing convective cores and their associated anvil clouds using geostationary satellite observations from the Meteosat Spinning Enhanced Visible and Infrared Imager (SEVIRI). Retrieved cloud properties and derived broadband radiative fluxes are provided by the Community Cloud retrieval for CLimate (CC4CL) algorithm. By collecting the cloud properties of the tracked DCCs, we produce a dataset of anvil cloud properties along their lifetimes. While the majority of DCCs tracked in this dataset are isolated, with only a single core, the overall coverage of anvil clouds is dominated by those of clustered, multi-core anvils due to their larger areas and lifetimes. We find that the anvil cloud CRE of our tracked DCCs has a bimodal distribution. The interaction between the lifecycles of DCCs and the diurnal cycle of insolation results in a wide range of the SW anvil CRE, while the LW component remains in a comparatively narrow range of values. The CRE of individual anvil clouds varies widely, with isolated DCCs tending to have large negative or positive CREs, while larger, organised systems tend to have a CRE closer to 0. Despite this, we find that the net anvil cloud CRE across all tracked DCCs is close to neutral (−0.94 ± 0.91 W m−2). Changes in the lifecycle of DCCs, such as shifts in the time of triggering, or the length of the dissipating phase, could have large impacts on the SW anvil CRE and lead to complex responses that are not considered by theories of LW anvil CRE feedbacks.