bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Role of Magnetic Resonance Enterography in Differentiating between Fibrotic and Active Inflammatory Small Bowel Stenosis in Patients with Crohn's Disease
Authors: Fornasa Francesca , Benassuti Chiara , Benazzato Luca 
Published: June 2011

Objective:
To assess the diagnostic accuracy of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in prospectively differentiating between fibrotic and active inflammatory small bowel stenosis in patients with Crohn's disease (CD).

Materials and Methods:
A total of 111 patients with histologically proven CD presenting with clinical and plain radiographic signs of small bowel obstruction underwent coronal and axial MRI scans after oral administration of polyethylene glycol solution. A stenosis was judged present if a small bowel segment had >80% lumen reduction as compared to an adjacent normal loop and mural thickening of >3 mm. At the level of the stenosis, both T2 signal intensity and post-gadolinium T1 enhancement were quantified using a 5-point scale (0: very low; 1: low; 2: moderate; 3: high; and 4: very high). A stenosis was considered fibrotic if the sum of the two values (activity score: AS) did not exceed 1.

Results:
A small bowel stenosis was identified in 48 out of 111 patients. Fibrosis was confirmed at histology in all of the 23 patients with AS of 0 or 1, who underwent surgery within 3 days of the MRI examination. In the remaining 25 patients (AS: 2–8), an active inflammatory stenosis was suspected and remission of the obstructive symptoms was obtained by means of medical treatment. One of these patients (AS: 2), however, underwent surgery after 14 days, due to recurrence. MRI had 95.8% sensitivity, 100% specificity, and 97.9% accuracy in the diagnosis of fibrotic stenosis.

Conclusion:
MRI is reliable in differentiating fibrotic from inflammatory small bowel stenosis in CD.
Three Fixed Point Theorems: Periodic Solutions of a Volterra Type Integral Equation with Infinite Heredity
Authors: Islam Muhammad N. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractIn this paper we study the existence of periodic solutions of a Volterra type integral equation with infinite heredity. Banach fixed point theorem, Krasnosel'skii's fixed point theorem, and a combination of Krasnosel'skii's and Schaefer's fixed point theorems are employed in the analysis. The combination theorem of Krasnosel'skii and Schaefer requires an a priori bound on all solutions. We employ Liapunov's direct method to obtain such an a priori bound. In the process, we compare these theorems in terms of assumptions and outcomes.
Efficacy of an Early Intervention Program for At-Risk Preschool Boys: A Two-Group Control Study
Authors: Golos Anat , Sarid Miri , Weill Michal , Weintraub Naomi 
Published: June 2011

AbstractOBJECTIVE. We report the results of a preschool-based multidisciplinary intervention program.METHOD. This study took place in two educational settings and included 81 preschool boys from unique cultural backgrounds and of low social economic status (SES). The settings were randomly assigned to an intervention or control group. In the intervention group, boys identified as at risk for or with developmental delays received 8 mo. of intervention through a monitoring model. Additionally, a collaborative consultation model was used with all participants. Performance skills (visual–motor integration, motor, and cognitive) and performance and participation in preschool activities were evaluated at pretest and posttest.RESULTS. At termination of intervention, all children in the intervention group scored significantly better than control children on most performance skills and more fully participated in preschool activities.CONCLUSION. A multidisciplinary preschool early intervention program appears to assist children of low SES with improving their performance skills, and participation in preschool activities.
Rehabilitation, Disability, and Participation Research: Are Occupational Therapy Researchers Addressing Cognitive Rehabilitation After Stroke?
Authors: Wolf Timothy J. 
Published: June 2011

Abstract
I reviewed articles published in the American Journal of Occupational Therapy (AJOT) in 2009 and 2010 to assess (1) whether research was published in the practice area of rehabilitation, disability, and participation and (2) the evidence being produced in an underdeveloped subcategory of this practice area: cognitive rehabilitation after stroke. The review revealed one intervention effectiveness study that addressed cognitive rehabilitation poststroke published in the 2-year period. Further analysis of outside repositories of evidence in this area revealed that although some evidence supports rehabilitation approaches for people with cognitive dysfunction after a stroke, little research has been devoted to this practice area. The poststroke cognitive intervention approaches in use have been shown to have little or no effect on improving everyday life activity. Occupational therapy has a key research and practice role with the poststroke population, and occupational therapists should be at the forefront in developing the science to support the effectiveness of their services.
Real‐time helpfulness prediction based on voter opinions
Authors: Zhang Richong , Tran Thomas , Mao Yongyi 
Published: June 2011

SUMMARYThis paper studies the problem of designing real‐time helpfulness prediction algorithms. Instead of following the conventional route, in which the fraction of positive votes is used as the measure of helpfulness, we give ‘helpfulness’ a naturally sensible and mathematically precise definition, namely, as the probability that a user will vote ‘helpful’ on the user‐generated content. Building on this definition, we introduce a principled methodology to helpfulness prediction, in which the prediction problem is naturally formulated as an optimization problem. Under this proposed methodology, we first develop a batch (off‐line) algorithm. Experiments on data from Amazon.com suggest that our proposed model in fact outperforms the previously reported prediction algorithm, support vector regression. In some circumstances, an online algorithm that can update the model as additional data arrive is required. In light of this, we proposed an online algorithm that incrementally updates the parameters of the model. Finally, an efficient hybrid algorithm is provided to increase the convergence rate and prediction precision. The final two algorithms are tested on real‐life user‐generated contents, and experimental results illustrate that the hybrid approach efficiently processes incoming data and generates reliable helpfulness predictions for users. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Mega‐disasters: Is your IT battle‐ready
Authors: Sergeant Anne M. A. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractIn the wake of the Japanese tsunami, nuclear catastrophe, and myriad other disasters, who can not be concerned about “the Big One”? Mega‐disasters, once only the stuff of science fiction, now seem like a real threat. Is business prepared? Is your company really ready? A recent study suggests that companies are not even prepared for IT recovery from a small adverse event!So what steps must your company take now to become battle‐ready? The authors of this article offer some answers and they examine the entire issue. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The legal side of IT auditing
Authors: Tackett James A. , Wolf Fran 
Published: June 2011

AbstractInformation technology (IT) audit professionals have traditionally viewed themselves as computer and information systems specialists. However, recent legal and regulatory trends require every IT auditor to be familiar with the rules and regulations for storing, securing, and transmitting digital business information. Companies that fail to store mandated e‐data—or send it to third parties without meeting certain legal conditions—can get into serious legal trouble.So how much do you know about the legal side of IT auditing? What you don't know can hurt your firm and your career. But the information and advice in this article can help protect you . © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Management paradigm: The untapped power of process laws
Authors: Brimson James A. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractIt has been said that change is inevitable but progress optional. The choice facing executives is whether to continue to tweak their traditional management model—thus prolonging the disequilibrium caused by a vortex of turbulent events—or to start using an adaptive management philosophy, which is built on value creation and event management. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
CINE turbo spin echo imaging
Authors: Mendes Jason , Parker Dennis L. , Hulet Jordan , Treiman Gerald S. , Kim Seong‐Eun 
Published: June 2011

AbstractHigh‐resolution turbo spin echo (TSE) images have demonstrated important details of carotid artery morphology; however, it is evident that pulsatile blood and wall motion related to the cardiac cycle are still significant sources of image degradation. Although ECG gating can reduce artifacts due to cardiac‐induced pulsations, gating is rarely used because it lengthens the acquisition time and can cause image degradation due to nonconstant repetition time. This work introduces a relatively simple method of converting a conventional TSE acquisition into a retrospectively ECG‐correlated cineTSE sequence. The cineTSE sequence generates a full sequence of ECG‐correlated images at each slice location throughout the cardiac cycle in the same scan time that is conventionally used by standard TSE sequences to produce a single image at each slice location. The cineTSE images exhibit reduced pulsatile artifacts associated with a gated sequence but without the increased scan time or associated nonconstant repetition time effects. Magn Reson Med, 2011. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Do blue laws save lives? The effect of Sunday alcohol sales bans on fatal vehicle accidents
Authors: Lovenheim Michael F. , Steefel Daniel P. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractThis paper analyzes the effect of state‐level Sunday alcohol sales restrictions (“blue laws”) on fatal vehicle accidents, which is an important parameter in assessing the desirability of these laws. Using a panel data set of all fatal vehicle accidents in the U.S. between 1990 and 2009 combined with 15 state repeals of blue laws, we show that restricting alcohol sales on Sunday has at most a small effect on fatal accident rates. Using American Time Use Survey data, we find no effect of blue laws on the location of consumption, and we show that the group whose drunk driving behavior is most affected by these laws is underage men. Overall, these results suggest that Sunday alcohol sales restrictions have fewer secular public health benefits, at least in terms of vehicle fatalities, than previously believed. © 2011 by the Association for Public Policy Analysis and Management.
China: Getting beyond the headlines
Authors: Frankenstein John 
Published: June 2011

AbstractChina's continued economic growth even in these tough times attracts headlines. But China appears to be taking a disturbingly harder line with foreign business. By examining the deep political and social dynamics—China's “Four Basic Questions”—that propel China's rise, we can begin to understand and come to grips with what underlies this apparently new attitude. Surveys by the World Bank and other international organizations show that China's business environment fundamentals might not be as strong as we think. Still, China's economic momentum will continue despite the many problems the country faces. While foreign businesspeople today may express concern over negative trends in the business environment, they should be realistic. Behind the ups and downs of the Chinese scene, the country is struggling to resolve issues left over from history. Clear thinking about these basic issues is needed to survive—and perhaps prosper—in this environment. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Risky business: Financial‐sector liberalization and China
Authors: Goddard C. Roe 
Published: June 2011

AbstractChina's dramatic growth in exports, its rising conflict with its trade partners over the perceived undervaluation of the renminbi, and the snail's pace of financial liberalization is pushing its bilateral trade and monetary relations to a boil. Discontent in the United States, Japan, Southeast Asia, and, most recently, Brazil, has led popular pundits and even country finance ministers to speak publicly of a “currency war” with many calling for the de‐pegging of the renminbi to the dollar and an immediate appreciation of China's currency. However, China's history of liberalization, beginning with the opening to the West in 1978, is well known as one of gradualism in trade and the financial spheres. Economic history is replete with economic crises brought on by too rapid or premature liberalization of countries' capital flows. This article presents the case both for and against capital account liberalization and highlights the risks that China in particular confronts in responding to external demands for greater openness and an appreciation of the renminbi. It clearly captures the tightrope that China must walk between responding to the demands of its trade partners and maintaining economic growth and political stability at home. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Case study: A strike in Shanghai
Authors: Chen Min , Aebi Candice , Grewal Tejinder 
Published: June 2011

AbstractA sudden strike by workers in the Shanghai Petersburg Automotive Parts Company turns into a managerial nightmare following a confrontation between the strikers and the company's management team. With the chill of the global financial crisis speeding toward Asia, and animosities rising in the factory, management was in a quandary as to how to proceed in identifying the sources of the problem and finding an equitable solution for all. Once the strike ended, management had to look back and unravel how this had happened, and decide what steps to take to move forward and mollify the factory workers. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A Survey of Ethical and Professional Challenges Experienced by Spanish Health‐Care Professionals that Provide Genetic Counseling Services
Authors: Abad‐Perotín Reyes , Asúnsolo‐Del Barco Ángel , Silva‐Mato Agustín 
Published: June 2011

AbstractGenetic testing is increasingly applied for diagnosis and clinical treatment. In some countries, genetic counseling services are provided by professionals with specific training in this discipline, whereas other countries have no teaching programs and counseling is offered by physicians, nurses, pharmacists or biochemists. This counseling raises more and more ethical dilemmas for health professionals at their clinics. The purpose of this study was to analyze the characteristics of Spanish professionals devoted to providing genetic counseling services and to investigate the frequency of the ethical dilemmas they face. Results from 72 survey respondents revealed this counseling is provided by an almost even number of male and female professionals, mostly physicians with many years of professional experience. The overall frequency of the ethical dilemmas encountered was not high. The most frequent dilemmas corresponded to emotional responses by patients, informed consent, uncertainty about test results, and limitations on health‐care resources. The frequency of dilemmas involving discrimination and provider directiveness was very low. Additional findings, practice implications, and research recommendations are presented.
How Often are Patient and Surgeon Recovery Expectations for Total Joint Arthroplasty Aligned? Results of a Pilot Study
Authors: Ghomrawi Hassan M. K. , Franco Ferrando Nuria , Mandl Lisa A. , Do Huong , Noor Neaz , Gonzalez Della Valle Alejandro 
Published: June 2011

Background Surgeons strive to set patient expectations for recovery following total hip arthroplasty (THA) and total knee arthroplasty (TKA). However, some patients report dissatisfaction after surgery due to unmet expectations. Purpose We compared patients’ and surgeon's recovery expectations prior to primary THA and TKA. Methods Sixty eight patients scheduled to undergo primary total hip replacement (THR) or total knee replacement (TKR) surgery were enrolled. Before surgery, patients filled out a validated recovery expectations questionnaire that quantified expectations of postoperative pain relief, function, and well-being with a value from 0 to 100 (higher being more optimistic). The surgeon independently completed the same questionnaire for each patient. Overall score and item-specific comparisons were conducted. Correlations were explored between agreement level, demographics, patient-reported health status measures, and patients’ assessments of the risk of complications associated with surgery. Results Most patients undergoing THR or TKR had higher expectations for recovery than their surgeon. Applying the clinically meaningful difference in expectations (≥7 points), 52.5% of the TKA patients’ expectations exceeded those of the surgeon, while 22.5% expected less than their surgeon and 60.7% of THA patients’ expectations exceeded those of the surgeon, while 21.4% expected less than their surgeon. THA patients with either lower or higher expectations than their surgeon had lower physical and mental health status scores. TKA patients with lower expectations compared to their surgeon had a higher expectation of complications. Conclusions More than 50% of the patients had higher expectations than their surgeon and this was driven by expectations of high-level activities and extreme range of motion. Further investigations are needed to understand these differences so as to enhance patient preoperative education.
Embryonic stem (ES) cells and induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells in rats
Authors: Hirabayashi Masumi , Hochi Shinichi 
Published: June 2011

AbstractOver the past 25 years, the reverse genetic approach including precise and conditional replacement or loss of gene function at a specific locus was considered possible only in mice due to the absence of embryonic stem (ES) or induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cell lines in other species. Recently, however, stem cell technology in rats has become available for biomedical research. In this paper we overview the recent progress of rat ES and iPS cell technology. Starting from the establishment of rat ES cells, the use of ES cells for foreign gene transfer and endogenous gene knock‐out is discussed, followed by the successful establishment of rat iPS cells and the generation of an iPS cell‐derived organ via interspecific blastocyst complementation. Finally, the possible contribution of rat stem cell technology to reproductive medicine is described.
Is there an association between preterm birth or low birthweight and chronic widespread pain? Results from the 1958 Birth Cohort Study
Authors: Littlejohn C. , Pang D. , Power C. , Macfarlane G.J. , Jones G.T. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractObjectiveThe aim was to examine the relationship between gestational age and birthweight and adult chronic widespread pain (CWP).Design and participantsA prospective cohort study of 18,558 participants recorded birthweight and gestation at birth.ExposureParticipants were categorised by gestation (fullterm ≥37 weeks; preterm <37 week) and birthweight (full birthweight (FBW) ≥2.5 kg; low birthweight (LBW) 1.5–2.5 kg; and very low birthweight (VLBW) <1.5 kg).OutcomeThe presence or absence of CWP was measured by self‐completed questionnaire in 8572 participants at age 45 yrs. Risk ratios were calculated using Poisson regression. Adjustment was made for potential confounding factors.ResultsPremature birth was associated with a 26% increase in the risk of CWP compared to fullterm birth, although this was not statistically significant (risk ratio 1.26, 95% confidence interval 0.95–1.67). This increased risk was robust to adjustment for sex, social class at birth and age 42 yrs, or birthweight, but was completely attenuated when adjusted for childhood behavioural problems and adult psychiatric disorder.LBW was not associated with an increased risk of CWP (RR 1.01, 95%CI 0.78–1.32). VLBW was associated with a non‐significant increased risk (RR 1.48, 0.42–5.22) although there was insufficient study power to examine this relationship in the context of other factors.ConclusionsPremature birth and VLBW are associated with increased risk of adult CWP although these effects are modest, and not statistically significant. Although not conclusive in itself, this study lends support to the theory that adult chronic pain may have its origins – at least in part – in very early life.
Pregnancy outcomes after surgical treatment of ovarian pregnancy
Authors: Koo Yu‐Jin , Choi Hong‐Jun , Im Kyong‐Shil , Jung Hyun‐Joo , Kwon Yong‐Soon 
Published: June 2011

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate pregnancy outcomes subsequent to ovarian pregnancy treated by surgery.MethodsA retrospective analysis was conducted of ovarian pregnancies that were treated by surgery at a hospital in Korea between January 1996 and December 2009.ResultsForty‐nine women with ovarian pregnancies (1.6% of all ectopic pregnancies) were treated; 28 of these patients who were followed‐up for more than a year were included in the study. The most common risk factor for ovarian pregnancy was endometriosis (42.9%). Accurate diagnosis of ovarian pregnancy was made preoperatively in 7 patients (25%). Of the 28 patients, 16 (57.1%) had subsequent pregnancies: 13 (46.4%) were intrauterine pregnancies and 3 (10.7%) were tubal pregnancies. However, no subsequent ovarian pregnancies occurred. In addition, only 1 patient had secondary infertility after surgery for ovarian pregnancy.ConclusionsAfter an ovarian pregnancy treated by surgery, the outcome of a subsequent pregnancy is reasonable; there is a high rate of successful subsequent pregnancy and a low rate of subsequent ectopic pregnancy or of infertility.
Changes in the management and outcome of central nervous system involvement from ovarian cancer since 1994
Authors: Cormio Gennaro , Loizzi Vera , Falagario Maddalena , Lissoni Andrea A. , Resta Leonardo , Selvaggi Luigi E. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractObjectiveTo identify differences in the management and outcome of patients with central nervous system metastases from epithelial ovarian cancer.MethodsThe clinical and pathologic characteristics, treatment, and outcome of 23 patients with brain metastases from epithelial ovarian cancer who were treated during 1982–1994 were compared with those of 20 patients treated during 1995–2010 at the same center.ResultsNo differences were found in terms of primary tumor characteristics, time interval from ovarian cancer diagnosis to brain involvement diagnosis, sites of metastasis, and presence of extracranial disease. The main difference between the 2 groups was the therapeutic approach. During 1982–1994, most patients received radiotherapy only, whereas most patients during 1995–2010 underwent surgical resection followed by radiotherapy and/or chemotherapy. The duration of survival during 1982–1994 was 5 months, which was significantly shorter than the duration of survival (18 months) during 1995–2010.ConclusionAn aggressive multimodal treatment approach might prolong the survival of patients with brain involvement from ovarian cancer.