bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Absorption of Nitrogen at Al/Al2O3 Interfaces in Al Nanocomposites: A Computational Analysis
Authors: Ma Kaka , Lavernia Enrique J. , Schoenung Julie M. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThe presence of nitrogen in nanostructured aluminum composites milled in liquid nitrogen has been argued to be responsible for reported property improvements, such as high strength and thermal stability. However, it has been experimentally difficult to precisely determine the nature of the nitride phases that form given their small scale (e.g., nm) and limited volume fraction. Moreover, the mechanism by which the nitrogen molecules are absorbed into the aluminum lattice during the cryomilling process remains poorly understood, and experimental studies are often constrained by resolution limits. In this paper, the absorption of nitrogen in Al‐alloy composites during cryomilling is investigated from a computational perspective with the aid of the molecular dynamics simulation function in Materials Studio® software. Results indicate that Mg solute atoms in the matrix tend to segregate to Al/Al2O3 interfaces, creating vacancies in the Al lattice and subsequently enhancing the absorption of nitrogen into the Al lattice. The simulations also reveal that not only free N atoms but also N2 molecules can be absorbed into the Al lattice by occupying an Al vacancy. In addition, it is demonstrated that a structural defect, i.e., the presence of vacancies regardless of their source, is a requirement for enhanced absorption of nitrogen in the Al lattice.
Controllable Underwater Oil‐Adhesion‐Interface Films Assembled from Nonspherical Particles
Authors: Huang Yu , Liu Mingjie , Wang Jingxia , Zhou Jinming , Wang Libin , Song Yanlin , Jiang Lei 
Published: September 2011

AbstractA controllable underwater oil‐adhesion‐interface is presented based on colloidal crystals assembled from nonspherical latex particles. The underwater oil‐adhesive force of the as‐prepared film can be effectively controlled from high to low adhesion by varying the latex structures from spherical or cauliflower‐like to single cavity, which effectively adjusts the solid/liquid contact mode/wetting state of oil droplets on the films. This facile fabrication of functional films with special underwater oil‐adhesion properties based on a flexible design of a latex structure will offer significant insight for the design and creation of novel underwater antifouling materials.
Tailored temozolomide therapy according to MGMT methylation status for elderly patients with acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Medeiros Bruno C. , Kohrt Holbrook E. , Gotlib Jason , Coutre Steven E. , Zhang Bingyang , Arber Daniel A. , Zehnder James L. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractTemozolomide sensitivity is determined by methylation of the O6‐methylguanine‐DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) promoter. This study assessed whether the temozolomide dose can be tailored by MGMT promoter status and whether protracted, low‐dose temozolomide can “prime” blasts in patients with unmethylated MGMT (unMGMT). Elderly patients with high‐risk AML were stratified by MGMT methylation. Patients with methylated MGMT (mMGMT) received temozolomide 200 mg/m2 orally for 7 days every 4 weeks, while patients with unMGMT received temozolomide 100 mg/m2 orally for 14 days followed by 200 mg/m2 orally for 7 days every 6weeks. Of 36 patients (median age, 75 years), 31 (86%) had an unMGMT promoter. Overall response rate for the entire cohort was 36%. Patients with mMGMT and unMGMT had similar response rates (40% vs. 29%). Median duration of response and overall survival (OS) among responders were 29 and 35 weeks, respectively. Induction deaths (ID) occurred in 25% of patients, mostly caused by disease progression. Hematological toxicities were the most common adverse event. Toxicities were similar between patients on conventional versus protracted schedules. High HCT‐CI scores were predictive of lower CR rate, higher ID, and shorter OS, while bone marrow blast count <50% at screening predicted for improved responses. Temozolomide, dosed according to MGMT methylation status, demonstrated modest clinical activity in elderly patients with AML, especially in those presenting with fewer comorbidities and low disease burden. The trial was registered on www.ClinicalTrials.gov as #NCT00611247. Am. J. Hematol., 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Company Characteristics and Environmental Policy
Authors: Galani Despina , Gravas Efthymios , Stavropoulos Antonios 
Published: September 2011

ABSTRACTThis paper investigates the relationship between various firm characteristics and environmental disclosures. Our findings evidence that firms with higher environmental ratings present a statistically significant larger size, belong to more environmentally sensitive industries as compared with firms with lower environmental ratings and disclose environmental information according to GRI guidelines. However, neither profitability nor listing status seems to explain differences in environmental disclosure practices between Greek companies. The most influential variable for explaining firms' variation in environmental ratings is size, followed by GRI reporting and industry membership. This study adds to the international research on environmental disclosure by providing empirical data from a country, Greece, where empirical evidence is still relatively unknown, extending the scope of the current understanding of the environmental reporting practices. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment.
Corporate Ecological Responsiveness: Antecedent Effects of Institutional Pressure and Top Management Commitment and Their Impact on Organizational Performance
Authors: Colwell Scott R. , Joshi Ashwin W. 
Published: September 2011

ABSTRACTInstitutional theory argues that conformity to institutional pressure enhances the survival probability of organizations. Two key limitations of institutional theory have been proposed in recent literature: one, that it ignores the role of top management, and two, that it focuses only on survival as a benefit to the exclusion of more strategic benefits such as growth and profitability. In this research, we build a conceptual model that addresses both of these limitations in the context of institutional pressure on organizations to behave more responsibly vis‐à‐vis the natural environment. Results from a survey of 199 manufacturing firms show that the relationship between institutional pressure and corporate responsiveness to the pressure (i.e. corporate environmental responsiveness) is enhanced when top management commitment to the environment is high. Moreover, results show that organizational conformity to institutional pressure enhances the strategic benefits that organizations receive. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment.
The Potential Environmental Benefits of Co‐Operative Businesses Within the Climate Change Agenda
Authors: Baranchenko Yevhen , Oglethorpe David 
Published: September 2011

ABSTRACTThe economic benefits of agricultural co‐operatives are well rehearsed and have received significant attention in the literature, especially in regard to the resource efficiencies flowing from collective action that might be absent from investor‐owned firms. This article provides evidence to show how these resource efficiencies might also manifest themselves as environmental advantages, which may not be available through investor‐owned firms due to the different purpose of, and motivation for, business activity. Specifically, the article explores how co‐operative businesses may deliver climate change benefits by examining case studies of alternative co‐operative functions that provide a mix of qualitative and quantitative evidence. Results show that, where co‐operative businesses achieve efficiencies through economies of scale, knowledge and skills transfer, sharing of risks and other means, this can also lead to coincidental reductions in greenhouse gas emissions that may not be achieved if investor‐owned activity prevails. Whilst coincidental at present, the future exploitation of this phenomenon could lead to valuable market advantage or aid sustainable development policy. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment.
Evapotranspiration and land cover transitions: long‐term watershed response in recovering forested ecosystems
Authors: Naranjo Jose Agustin Breña , Stahl Kerstin , Weiler Markus 
Published: September 2011

ABSTRACTChanges of the land surface affect the water balance components over seasonal, annual and decadal time scales. This study explored the role of vegetation cover transitions on evapotranspiration in forested watersheds of the North American West. We applied empirical time‐recovery functions describing the impact of forest removal and subsequent regrowth on actual evapotranspiration (AET) or runoff. A generalized function (K‐curve) was adapted to the North American West and tested using three different datasets of observed or estimated AET in forest chronosequences: AET from flux towers equipped with eddy covariance sensors, AET estimated from the water balance in experimental paired watersheds and in a set of gauged watersheds with considerable forest cover history dating back to the 18th century. AET from the first two datasets showed a behaviour similar to the K‐curve, although the timing and the magnitude differed substantially. To reconstruct long‐term changes in AET for the gauged watersheds, we applied a transfer function approach linking the K‐curve and the reconstructed forest cover history at the watershed scale. In several watersheds, correlation coefficients between the reconstructed AET changes and the annual water balances suggest that changes in time were driven by the land cover transitions. In watersheds with low correlations, disturbance activities peaked before the 20th century, and the effects of vegetation have phased out in the period of streamflow observations. The findings of this paper suggest that trends in the observed water balance in forested watersheds can be associated to land cover disturbances well before the start of hydro‐climatic observations. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Organocatalyzed Cascade Reactions of Cyclic β‐Enamino Esters and α,β‐Unsaturated Aldehydes Leading to Indoloquinolizidines and Benzoquinolizidines
Authors: Wu Xiaoyu , Nie Linlin , Fang Huihui , Chen Jie , Cao Weiguo , Zhao Gang 
Published: September 2011

AbstractOrganocatalyzed cascade reactions between cyclic β‐enamino esters and α,β‐unsaturated aldehydes have been developed. They provide highly substituted indolo[2,3‐a]quinolizidines and benzo[a]quinolizidines in moderate to good yields and with good to excellent enantioselectivities. Both aromatic and aliphatic α,β‐unsaturated aldehydes react readily with enamino esters to furnish the desired products.
Directional ground relay failure caused by line‐to‐ground with load‐side broken conductor fault
Authors: Brenna Morris , Foiadelli Federica , Sapienza Gianluca , Zaninelli Dario 
Published: September 2011

SUMMARYClassic power system fault analysis considers canonic situations, such as three‐phase, line‐to‐line, double line‐to‐ground and line‐to‐ground faults. However, in practice, other faults occur that may be undetected by the protection systems. For example, a fault happens when a line conductor breaks and falls to the ground at the load side in a radial distribution network. This particular fault is called the “line‐to‐ground with broken conductor fault”. The aim of this work is a deep analysis of this particular contingency. In the first part, the proposed theory based on symmetrical components transformation is presented. Subsequently, the study of a MV radial distribution test network is considered in order to show the protection trip failure conditions. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Systematic screen for tyrosine kinase rearrangements identifies a novel C6orf204‐PDGFRB fusion in a patient with recurrent T‐ALL and an associated myeloproliferative neoplasm
Authors: Chmielecki Juliann , Peifer Martin , Viale Agnes , Hutchinson Katherine , Giltnane Jennifer , Socci Nicholas D. , Hollis Clayton J. , Dean Rebecca S. , Yenamandra Ashwini , Jagasia Madan , Kim Annette S. , Davé Utpal P. , Thomas Roman K. , Pao William 
Published: September 2011

AbstractGene fusions involving the catalytic domain of tyrosine kinases (TKs) are found in a variety of hematological and solid tumor malignancies. Clinically, TK fusions have emerged as prime targets for therapy with small molecule kinase inhibitors. Unfortunately, identification of TK fusions has been hampered by experimental limitations. Here, we developed version 2.0 of a genomically based systematic kinase fusion screen and used it to detect a novel imatinib‐sensitive C6orf204‐PDGFRB fusion in a patient with precursor T lymphoblastic lymphoma (T‐ALL) and an associated myeloproliferative neoplasm with eosinophilia. These data validate the ability of this targeted capture‐sequencing approach to detect TK fusion events in small amounts of DNA extracted directly from patient samples. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Increasing the accuracy of electromagnetic inverses using functional area source correlation constraints
Authors: Cottereau Benoit R. , Ales Justin M. , Norcia Anthony M. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractEstimating cortical current distributions from electroencephalographic (EEG) or magnetoencephalographic data is a difficult inverse problem whose solution can be improved by the addition of priors on the associated neural responses. In the context of visual activation studies, we propose a new approach that uses a functional area constrained estimator (FACE) to increase the accuracy of the reconstructions. It derives the source correlation matrix from a segmentation of the cortex into areas defined by retinotopic maps of the visual field or by functional localizers obtained independently by fMRI. These areas are computed once for each individual subject and the associated estimators can therefore be reused for any new study on the same participant. The resulting FACE reconstructions emphasize the activity of sources within these areas or enforce their intercorrelations. We used realistic Monte‐Carlo simulations to demonstrate that this approach improved our estimates of a diverse set of source configurations. Reconstructions obtained from a real EEG dataset demonstrate that our priors improve the localization of the cortical areas involved in horizontal disparity processing. Hum Brain Mapp, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
THE RESPONSES OF YOUTH TO A CASH TRANSFER CONDITIONAL ON SCHOOLING: A QUASI‐EXPERIMENTAL STUDY
Authors: Humlum Maria Knoth , Vejlin Rune Majlund 
Published: September 2011

SUMMARYWe estimate the effect of cash transfers given to youth conditional on high school attendance on the labor supply decisions and academic performance of youth. We exploit differences in the size of the total transfer received based on timing of birth to identify the causal effects of interest. Specifically, individuals born late in a quarter receive a larger total transfer than comparable individuals born early in the following quarter. We find that the transfer increases the labor market participation of youth and the number of months worked. The estimated effect is larger for individuals from low‐income families. The results suggest that some youths are borrowing constrained. Since we find no evidence of corresponding effects on academic performance, alleviating the constraint appears only to affect consumption decisions and not human capital investment. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Enhancement of cell–cell contact by claudin‐4 in renal epithelial madin‐darby canine kidney cells
Authors: Ikari Akira , Atomi Kosuke , Takiguchi Ayumi , Yamazaki Yasuhiro , Hayashi Hisayoshi , Hirakawa Jotaro , Sugatani Junko 
Published: September 2011

AbstractClaudin‐4 regulates ion permeability via a paracellular pathway in renal epithelial cells, but its other physiological functions have not been examined. We found that hyperosmotic stress increases claudin‐4 expression in Madin‐Darby canine kidney cells. Here, we examined whether claudin‐4 affects cell motility, cell association, and the intracellular distribution of endogenous junctional proteins. Doxycycline‐inducible expression of claudin‐4 did not change endogenous levels of claudin‐1, claudin‐2, claudin‐3, occludin, E‐cadherin, and ZO‐1. Claudin‐4 overexpression increased cell association and decreased cell migration without affecting cell proliferation. Doxycycline did not change cell junctional protein levels, cell association or cell migration in mock‐transfected cells. The insolubility of claudin‐1 and ‐3 in Triton X‐100 was increased by claudin‐4 overexpression, but that of claudin‐2, occludin, ZO‐1, and E‐cadherin was unchanged. Immunocytochemistry showed that claudin‐4 overexpression increases the accumulation of claudin‐1 and ‐3 in tight junctions (TJs). Furthermore, claudin‐4 overexpression increased the association of claudin‐4 with claudin‐1 and ‐3. These results suggest that claudin‐4 accumulates claudin‐1 and ‐3 in TJs to enhance cell–cell contact in renal tubular epithelial cells. J. Cell. Biochem. 113: 499–507, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Glycosilated nucleolin as marker for human gliomas
Authors: Galzio R. , Rosati F. , Benedetti E. , Cristiano L. , Aldi S. , Mei S. , D'Angelo B. , Gentile R. , Laurenti G. , Cifone M.G. , Giordano A. , Cimini A. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractNucleolin is a multifunctional DNA and RNA binding protein involved in regulation of gene transcription, chromatin remodeling, RNA metabolism, and ribosomal RNA synthesis. Nucleolin seems to be over‐expressed in highly proliferative cells and is involved in many aspect of gene expression: DNA recombination and replication, RNA transcription by RNA polymerase I and II, rRNA processing, mRNA stabilization, cytokinesis, and apoptosis. Although nucleolin is localized predominantly in the nucleolus, it has also been shown to be localized in a phosphorylated/glycolsilated form on the cell surface of different cells. Numerous articles dealing with surface nucleolin targeting for tumor therapy have been recently published. However, at present, no extensive informations are so far available for the presence of nucleolin in human gliomas. In the present work we investigated on the presence and localization of nucleolin in glioma on glioma specimens at different grade of malignancy and on primary glioma cell cultures derived by surgical resection, trying to correlate the presence of glycosilated membrane nucleolin with the malignancy grade. To this purpose an antibody produced by us against gp273 protein, demonstrated to recognized the glycosilated surface nucleolin, has been used. The results obtained demonstrate that surface nucleolin increase with the malignancy grade thus suggesting that it may constitute a histopathological marker for glioma grading and a possible tool for targeted therapy. J. Cell. Biochem. 113: 571–579, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The role of osteocyte apoptosis in cancer chemotherapy‐induced bone loss
Authors: Shandala Tetyana , Shen Ng Yeap , Hopwood Blair , Yip Yuen‐Ching , Foster Bruce K. , Xian Cory J. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractIntensive cancer chemotherapy leads to significant bone loss, the underlying mechanism of which remains unclear. The objective of this study was to elucidate mechanisms for effect of the commonly used anti‐metabolite methotrexate (MTX) on osteocytes and on general bone homeostasis. The current study in juvenile rats showed that MTX chemotherapy caused a 4.3‐fold increase in the number of apoptotic osteocytes in tibial metaphysis, which was accompanied by a 1.8‐fold increase in the number of tartrate‐resistant acid phosphatase‐positive bone resorbing osteoclasts, and a 35% loss of trabecular bone. This was associated with an increase in transcription of the osteoclastogenic cytokines IL‐6 (10‐fold) and IL‐11 (2‐fold). Moreover, the metaphyseal bone of MTX‐treated animals exhibited a 37.6% increase in the total number of osteocytes, along with 4.9‐fold higher expression of the DMP‐1 transcript. In cultured osteocyte‐like MLO‐Y4 cells, MTX treatment significantly increased caspase‐3‐mediated apoptosis, which was accompanied by the formation of plasma membrane‐born apoptotic bodies and an increase in IL‐6 (24‐fold) and IL‐11 (29‐fold) mRNA expression. Conditioned media derived from MTX‐treated MLO‐Y4 cells was twice as strong as untreated media in its capacity to induce osteoclast formation in primary bone marrow osteoclast precursors. Thus, our in vivo and in vitro data suggested that MTX‐induced apoptosis of osteocytes caused higher recruitment of DMP‐1 positive osteocytes and increased osteoclast formation, which could contribute towards the loss of bone homeostasis in vivo. J. Cell. Physiol. 227: 2889–2897, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Grayscale and Doppler sonographic evaluation of response to in utero treatment of hydrops fetalis caused by extralobar pulmonary sequestration
Authors: Yoshitomi Tomoyuki , Hidaka Nobuhiro , Yumoto Yasuo , Fukushima Kotaro , Tsukimori Kiyomi , Wake Norio 
Published: September 2011

AbstractPulmonary sequestration is defined as nonfunctional lung tissue that lacks communication with the bronchial tree and that is supplied by an anomalous systemic vessel. In comparatively rare cases, pulmonary sequestration may lead to hydrothorax or hydrops fetalis, which is nearly universally fatal. In this report, we describe a case of pulmonary sequestration with hydrops fetalis, which was successfully treated by thoracoamniotic shunting. A sonographic Doppler study in this case suggested that the underlying mechanism of the hydropic change in a fetus with extralobar pulmonary sequestration may have differed from that in fetuses with primary hydrothorax not associated with a structural anomaly. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound, 2011;
Preparation and characterization of affinity sorbents based on isoalloxazine‐like ligands for separation of flavoenzymes
Authors: Xin Yu , Yang Hailin , Xiao Xiaole , Zhang Ling , Zhang Yuran , Tong Yanjun , Wang Wu 
Published: September 2011

AbstractAffinity ligands for flavoenzymes were synthesized based on the natural structure of flavo‐coenzymes. Two typical flavoenzymes, cholesterol oxidase from Brevibacterium sp. and xanthine oxidase from bovine milk, were employed as standard enzymes. Fluorescent probes were synthesized from eight isoalloxazine‐like chemicals and 5‐aminofluorescein. Probe–enzyme interactions were analyzed via fluorescence spectra. Chemicals with high binding abilities to flavoenzymes were coupled with Sepharose through spacers composed of epichlorohydrin, ethylenediamine, 1,3‐diaminopropane, 2‐hydroxy‐1,3‐diaminopropane, and 1,4‐diaminobutane, and subjected to adsorption analysis with flavoenzymes. The results indicated that ligands synthesized from 2,4‐dioxohexahydropyrimidine‐5‐carboxylic acid, cytosine, 7‐chloroalloxazine, and 8‐chloroalloxazine had high binding abilities to the flavoenzymes. The affinity sorbent based on these ligands revealed a high theoretical maximum adsorption (Qmax). Protein and bioactivity recoveries were tested after one step of affinity binding via chromatographic analysis on small columns. Results showed that ligands linked with sorbents through long hydrophilic spacers had higher activity recoveries.