bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lignin Composition and Structure in Young versus AdultEucalyptus globulusPlants
Authors: Rencoret Jorge , Gutiérrez Ana , Nieto Lidia , Jiménez-Barbero J. , Faulds Craig B. , Kim Hoon , Ralph John , Martínez Ángel T. , del Río José C. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractLignin changes during plant growth were investigated in a selected Eucalyptus globulus clone. The lignin composition and structure were studied in situ by a new procedure enabling the acquisition of two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance (2D-NMR) spectra on wood gels formed in the NMR tube as well as by analytical pyrolysis-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. In addition, milled-wood lignins were isolated and analyzed by 2D-NMR, pyrolysis-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, and thioacidolysis. The data indicated that p-hydroxyphenyl and guaiacyl units are deposited at the earlier stages, whereas the woods are enriched in syringyl (S) lignin during late lignification. Wood 2D-NMR showed that β-O-4′ and resinol linkages were predominant in the eucalypt lignin, whereas other substructures were present in much lower amounts. Interestingly, open β-1′ structures could be detected in the isolated lignins. Phenylcoumarans and cinnamyl end groups were depleted with age, spirodienone abundance increased, and the main substructures (β-O-4′ and resinols) were scarcely modified. Thioacidolysis revealed a higher predominance of S units in the ether-linked lignin than in the total lignin and, in agreement with NMR, also indicated that resinols are the most important nonether linkages. Dimer analysis showed that most of the resinol-type structures comprised two S units (syringaresinol), the crossed guaiacyl-S resinol appearing as a minor substructure and pinoresinol being totally absent. Changes in hemicelluloses were also shown by the 2D-NMR spectra of the wood gels without polysaccharide isolation. These include decreases of methyl galacturonosyl, arabinosyl, and galactosyl (anomeric) signals, assigned to pectin and related neutral polysaccharides, and increases of xylosyl (which are approximately 50% acetylated) and 4-O-methylglucuronosyl signals.
A Rice gid1 Suppressor Mutant Reveals That Gibberellin Is Not Always Required for Interaction between Its Receptor, GID1, and DELLA Proteins
Authors: Yamamoto Yuko , Hirai Takaaki , Yamamoto Eiji , Kawamura Mayuko , Sato Tomomi , Kitano Hidemi , Matsuoka Makoto , Ueguchi-Tanaka Miyako 
Published: November 2010

Abstract
To investigate gibberellin (GA) signaling using the rice (Oryza sativa) GA receptor GIBBERELLIN-INSENSITIVE DWARF1 (GID1) mutant gid1-8, we isolated a suppressor mutant, Suppressor of gid1-1 (Sgd-1). Sgd-1 is an intragenic mutant containing the original gid1-8 mutation (L45F) and an additional amino acid substitution (P99S) in the loop region. GID1P99S interacts with the rice DELLA protein SLENDER RICE1 (SLR1), even in the absence of GA. Substitution of the 99th Pro with other amino acids revealed that substitution with Ala (P99A) caused the highest level of GA-independent interaction. Physicochemical analysis using surface plasmon resonance revealed that GID1P99A has smaller K a (association) and K d (dissociation) values for GA4 than does wild-type GID1. This suggests that the GID1P99A lid is at least partially closed, resulting in both GA-independent and GA-hypersensitive interactions with SLR1. One of the three Arabidopsis thaliana GID1s, At GID1b, can also interact with DELLA proteins in the absence of GA, so we investigated whether GA-independent interaction of At GID1b depends on a mechanism similar to that of rice GID1P99A. Substitution of the loop region or a few amino acids of At GID1b with those of At GID1a diminished its GA-independent interaction with GAI while maintaining the GA-dependent interaction. Soybean (Glycine max) and Brassica napus also have GID1s similar to At GID1b, indicating that these unique GID1s occur in various dicots and may have important functions in these plants.
The MAP Kinase MPK4 Is Required for Cytokinesis inArabidopsis thaliana
Authors: Kosetsu Ken , Matsunaga Sachihiro , Nakagami Hirofumi , Colcombet Jean , Sasabe Michiko , Soyano Takashi , Takahashi Yuji , Hirt Heribert , Machida Yasunori 
Published: November 2010

AbstractCytokinesis in plants is achieved by the formation of the cell plate. A pathway that includes mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase kinase kinase and MAP kinase kinase (MAPKK) plays a key role in the control of plant cytokinesis. We show here that a MAP kinase, MPK4, is required for the formation of the cell plate in Arabidopsis thaliana. Single mutations in MPK4 caused dwarfism and characteristic defects in cytokinesis, such as immature cell plates, which became much more prominent upon introduction of a mutation in MKK6/ANQ, the MAPKK for cytokinesis, into mpk4. MKK6/ANQ strongly activated MPK4 in protoplasts, and kinase activity of MPK4 was detected in wild-type tissues that contained dividing cells but not in mkk6/anq mutants. Fluorescent protein–fused MPK4 localized to the expanding cell plates in cells of root tips. Expansion of the cell plates in mpk4 root tips appeared to be retarded. The level of MPK11 transcripts was markedly elevated in mpk4 plants, and defects in the mpk4 mpk11 double mutant with respect to growth and cytokinesis were more severe than in the corresponding single mutants. These results indicate that MPK4 is the downstream target of MKK6/ANQ in the regulation of cytokinesis in Arabidopsis and that MPK11 is also involved in cytokinesis.
The Role of the Arabidopsis Morning Loop Components CCA1, LHY, PRR7, and PRR9 in Temperature Compensation
Authors: Salomé Patrice A. , Weigel Detlef , McClung C. Robertson 
Published: November 2010

Abstract
A defining, yet poorly understood characteristic of the circadian clock is that it is buffered against changes in temperature such that the period length is relatively constant across a range of physiologically relevant temperatures. We describe here the role of PSEUDO RESPONSE REGULATOR7 (PRR7) and PRR9 in temperature compensation. The Arabidopsis thaliana circadian oscillator comprises a series of interlocking feedback loops, and PRR7 and PRR9 function in the morning loop. The prr7 prr9 double mutant displays a unique phenotype that has not been observed before in other Arabidopsis clock mutants. In the prr7 prr9 mutant, the effects of temperature are overcompensated, apparently due to hyperactivation of the transcription factors CIRCADIAN CLOCK ASSOCIATED1 (CCA1) and LATE ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL (LHY). Inactivation of CCA1 and LHY fully suppresses the overcompensation defects of prr7 prr9 mutants and rescues their long period phenotype. Overcompensation in prr7 prr9 mutants does not rely on FLOWERING LOCUS C, a previously identified gene required for temperature compensation. Together, our results reveal a role of PRR7 and PRR9 in regulating CCA1 and LHY activities in response to ambient temperature.
ArabidopsisFIMBRIN5, an Actin Bundling Factor, Is Required for Pollen Germination and Pollen Tube Growth
Authors: Wu Youjun , Yan Jin , Zhang Ruihui , Qu Xiaolu , Ren Sulin , Chen Naizhi , Huang Shanjin 
Published: November 2010

AbstractActin cables in pollen tubes serve as molecular tracks for cytoplasmic streaming and organelle movement and are formed by actin bundling factors like villins and fimbrins. However, the precise mechanisms by which actin cables are generated and maintained remain largely unknown. Fimbrins comprise a family of five members in Arabidopsis thaliana. Here, we characterized a fimbrin isoform, Arabidopsis FIMBRIN5 (FIM5). Our results show that FIM5 is required for the organization of actin cytoskeleton in pollen grains and pollen tubes, and FIM5 loss-of-function associates with a delay of pollen germination and inhibition of pollen tube growth. FIM5 decorates actin filaments throughout pollen grains and tubes. Actin filaments become redistributed in fim5 pollen grains and disorganized in fim5 pollen tubes. Specifically, actin cables protrude into the extreme tips, and their longitudinal arrangement is disrupted in the shank of fim5 pollen tubes. Consequently, the pattern and velocity of cytoplasmic streaming were altered in fim5 pollen tubes. Additionally, loss of FIM5 function rendered pollen germination and tube growth hypersensitive to the actin-depolymerizing drug latrunculin B. In vitro biochemical analyses indicated that FIM5 exhibits actin bundling activity and stabilizes actin filaments. Thus, we propose that FIM5 regulates actin dynamics and organization during pollen germination and tube growth via stabilizing actin filaments and organizing them into higher-order structures.
The coat protein leads the way: an update on basic and applied studies with the Brome mosaic virus coat protein
Authors: KAO C. CHENG , NI PENG , HEMA MASARAPU , HUANG XINLEI , DRAGNEA BOGDAN 
Published: November 2010

SUMMARYThe Brome mosaic virus (BMV) coat protein (CP) accompanies the three BMV genomic RNAs and the subgenomic RNA into and out of cells in an infection cycle. In addition to serving as a protective shell for all of the BMV RNAs, CP plays regulatory roles during the infection process that are mediated through specific binding of RNA elements in the BMV genome. One regulatory RNA element is the B box present in the 5′ untranslated region (UTR) of BMV RNA1 and RNA2 that play important roles in the formation of the BMV replication factory, as well as the regulation of translation. A second element is within the tRNA‐like 3′ UTR of all BMV RNAs that is required for efficient RNA replication. The BMV CP can also encapsidate ligand‐coated metal nanoparticles to form virus‐like particles (VLPs). This update summarizes the interaction between the BMV CP and RNAs that can regulate RNA synthesis, translation and RNA encapsidation, as well as the formation of VLPs.
Identification of a novel cell type-specific intronic enhancer of macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) and its regulation by mithramycin
Authors: Beaulieu E , Green L , Elsby L , Alourfi Z , Morand E F , Ray D W , Donn R 
Published: November 2010

SummaryThe aim of this study was to determine the genetic regulation of macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF). DNase I hypersensitivity was used to identify potential hypersensitive sites (HS) across the MIF gene locus. Reporter gene assays were performed in different human cell lines with constructs containing the native or mutated HS element. Following phylogenetic and transcription factor binding profiling, electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) and RNA interference were performed and the effects of incubation with mithramycin, an antibiotic that binds GC boxes, were also studied. An HS centred on the first intron of MIF was identified. The HS acted as an enhancer in human T lymphoblasts (CEMC7A), human embryonic kidney cells (HEK293T) and human monocytic cells (THP-1), but not in a fibroblast-like synoviocyte (FLS) cell line (SW982) or cultured FLS derived from rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients. Two cis-elements within the first intron were found to be responsible for the enhancer activity. Mutation of the consensus Sp1 GC box on each cis-element abrogated enhancer activity and EMSA indicated Sp1 binding to one of the cis-elements contained in the intron. SiRNA knock-down of Sp1 alone or Sp1 and Sp3 together was incomplete and did not alter the enhancer activity. Mithramycin inhibited expression of MIF in CEMC7A cells. This effect was specific to the intronic enhancer and was not seen on the MIF promoter. These results identify a novel, cell type-specific enhancer of MIF. The enhancer appears to be driven by Sp1 or related Sp family members and is highly sensitive to inhibition via mithramycin.
Matching and mismatching between the pedagogical design principles of a math game and the actual practices of play
Authors: Lindström P. , Gulz A. , Haake M. , Sjödén B. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractThe article reports and discusses a long‐term qualitative study of forty 8–10‐year‐old students who regularly played a math game during math lessons for 9 weeks. The goal was to explore the relations between (i) some of the pedagogical principles that underlie the game and (ii) the playing practice in terms of what actually takes place when students play the math game during regular math lessons. The article discusses indications of matches and mismatches between pedagogical principles and playing practice as they appear in analyses of observations and video recordings.The result highlights the difficulty of predicting areas in which possible mismatches appear between the intentions of the pedagogues and designers of educational technology and the actual use of the technology by the students. This also applies to educational materials that have already been pilot tested and used on a smaller scale. We emphasize the need to observe actual use for extensive periods of time, i.e. to go beyond short‐time user testing.
Nursing phenomena in inpatient psychiatry
Authors: FRAUENFELDER F. , MÜLLER‐STAUB M. , NEEDHAM I. , VAN ACHTERBERG T. 
Published: November 2010

Accessible summary

The use of a standardized nursing language enhances nursing quality. The nursing diagnosis classification of North American Nursing Association‐International (NANDA‐I) considers all judgements about individual, family, or community responses to actual or potential health problems/life processes for which nurses are accountable. The nursing diagnoses provide the basis for planning nursing interventions. The NANDA classification is widely used in the daily work of nurses, also in adult inpatient psychiatry.
The present study identifies nursing phenomena representing actual or potential health problems/life processes in journal articles about the psychiatric adult inpatient nursing care. These phenomena are compared with the NANDA‐I classification to elucidate how well this classification covers the realities of nursing work in the mentioned setting.
The NANDA classification describes essential phenomena on the level of labels and definitions. However, some apparently important nursing phenomena are not covered by the labels or definitions of NANDA‐I. Furthermore, there are phenomena that seem covered in the NANDA‐I classification as defining characteristics, related factors or associated risk factors. There is a need for further researches to complete the NANDA‐I classification for the nursing work in the adult inpatient setting.

AbstractLittle is known about the question if the nursing diagnosis classification of North American Nursing Association‐International (NANDA‐I) describes the adult inpatient psychiatric nursing care. The present study aimed to identify nursing phenomena mentioned in journal articles about the psychiatric inpatient nursing care and to compare these phenomena with the labels and the definitions of the nursing diagnoses to elucidate how well this classification covers these phenomena. A search of journal articles took place in the databases MedLine, PsychInfo, Cochrane and CINAHL. A qualitative content analysis approach was used to identify nursing phenomena in the articles. Various phenomena were found in the articles. The study demonstrated that NANDA‐I describes essential phenomena for the adult inpatient psychiatry on the level of labels and definitions. However, some apparently important nursing phenomena are not covered by the labels or definitions of NANDA‐I. Other phenomena are assigned as defining characteristics or as related factors to construct nursing diagnoses. The further development of the classification NANDA‐I will strengthen the application in the daily work of psychiatric nurses and enhance the quality of nursing care in the inpatient setting.
Infection of Rrs1 barley by an incompatible race of the fungus Rhynchosporium secalis expressing the green fluorescent protein
Authors: Thirugnanasambandam A. , Wright K. M. , Atkins S. D. , Whisson S. C. , Newton A. C. 
Published: November 2010

Scald disease of barley, caused by the fungal pathogen Rhynchosporium secalis, is one of the most serious diseases of this crop worldwide. Disease control is achieved in part by deployment of major resistance (Rrs) genes in barley. However, in both susceptible and resistant barley plants, R. secalis is able to complete a symptomless infection cycle. To examine the R. secalis infection cycle, Agrobacterium tumefaciens‐mediated transformation was used to generate R. secalis isolates expressing the green fluorescent protein or DsRed fluorescent protein, and that were virulent on an Rrs2 plant (cv. Atlas), but avirulent on an Rrs1 plant (cv. Atlas 46). Confocal laser scanning microscopy revealed that R. secalis infected the susceptible cultivar and formed an extensive hyphal network that followed the anticlinal cell walls of epidermal cells. In the resistant cultivar, hyphal development was more restricted and random in direction of growth. In contrast to earlier models of R. secalis infection, epidermal collapse was not observed until approximately 10 days post‐inoculation in both cultivars. Sporulation of R. secalis was observed in both susceptible and resistant interactions. Observations made using the GFP‐expressing isolate were complemented and confirmed using a combination of the fluorescent probes 5‐chloromethylfluorescein diacetate and propidium iodide, in the non‐transformed wild‐type isolate. The findings will enable the different Rrs genes to be better characterized in the effect they exert on pathogen growth and may aid in identification of the most effective resistance.
Comparison of reduced intensity and myeloablative conditioning regimens for stem cell transplantation in patients with malignancies: a meta‐analysis
Authors: Shi‐Xia Xu , Hai‐Qin Xu , Xian‐Hua Tang , Bo Feng , Xiang‐Feng Tang 
Published: November 2010

Shi‐Xia X, Hai‐Qin X, Xian‐Hua T, Bo F, Xiang‐Feng T. Comparison of reduced intensity and myeloablative conditioning regimens for stem cell transplantation in patients with malignancies: a meta‐analysis.  Clin Transplant 2011: 25: E187–E198. © 2010 John Wiley & Sons A/S.Abstract:  Objective:  The reduced intensity conditioning (RIC) stem cell transplantation is widely employed for the treatment of many hematologic malignancies, but the survival effectiveness is still unclear. This study conducted an updated meta‐analysis to determine whether any significant difference could be found by using RIC vs. myeloablative conditioning (MAC) regimen for transplantation in patients with malignancies.Methods:  We electronically searched the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), MEDLINE, Embase, and relevant articles (1987.01–2009.12). Comparative studies were carried out on clinical therapeutic effect of RIC and MAC on the survival outcomes and the transplantation‐related complications.Results:  We obtained 1776 records, and 29 studies totaling 6235 patients have been assessed. Compared with MAC regimen, the RIC regimen had a higher overall survival (OS) at one‐yr and no difference at two‐yr later after transplantation. RIC regimen had significantly lower rates of disease‐free survival (DFS) after two‐yr follow‐up, lower incidences of ≥ II degree acute graft‐versus‐host disease (aGVHD), and lower TRM [OR, 0.61, 95% CI (0.53, 0.69)], but with a higher relapse rate [OR, 1.88(1.41, 2.51)]. No significant difference was found in rates of cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection and chronic GVHD between the regimens.Conclusions:  This meta‐analysis confirmed that compared with MAC condition regimen, the RIC regimen had a consistently equivalent or even better rate in OS, but with lower DFS at longer follow‐up.
IDO1 and IDO2 gene expression analysis by quantitative polymerase chain reaction
Authors: Maiwald S. , Wehner R. , Schmitz M. , Bornhäuser M. , Loeb S. , Wassmuth R. 
Published: November 2010

Immunomodulatory properties of IDO1 relate to tryptophan catabolism. The degradation of tryptophan by IDO1 leads to suppression of T cell responses. Recently, another enzyme with IDO‐like activity, indoleamine 2,3‐dioxygenase‐like‐protein 1 (INDOL1, IDO2), has been described in both mice and humans.In order to study the gene expression of IDO1 and IDO2, we have developed a quantitative PCR (qPCR) assay. In an exploratory application to the study of the differential expression of IDO1 and IDO2 by professional antigen‐presenting cells and MSCs (mesenchymal stromal cells) under the influence of interferon‐γ (IFN‐γ) and T‐lymphocyte conditioned media (TCM), substantial differences were observed. IDO expression measured by qPCR was valid and reliable in the cell types investigated. Further studies are needed to delineate factors driving IDO expression in MSCs.
Successful second bone marrow transplantation in Omenn’s syndrome after bone marrow aplasia: A case report
Authors: Wahadneh Adel , Bin‐Dahman Haifa , Habahbeh Zeyad , Abu‐Shukear Mohammad , Ajarmeh Mohammad , Zyood Raed , Khaled Ahmad 
Published: November 2010

Wahadneh A, Bin‐Dahman H, Habahbeh Z, Abu‐Shukear M, Ajarmeh M, Zyood R, Khaled A. Successful second bone marrow transplantation in Omenn’s syndrome after bone marrow aplasia: A case report.  Pediatr Transplantation 2012: 16: E43–E48. © 2010 John Wiley & Sons A/S.Abstract:  Omenn’s syndrome is a rare inherited variant of SCID. It is inevitably fatal, unless treated by bone marrow or stem cell transplantation. However, treatment‐related complications and graft rejection are major obstacles to the success of transplantation. In this report, we describe an eight‐month‐old baby with Omenn’s syndrome and disseminated BCGosis, who underwent allogenic BMT from his HLA‐matched sister using anti‐GVHD prophylaxis but without a conditioning regimen. Ten days after BMT, he developed acute GVHD involving the skin only (grade 1) with a flare of local BCGosis. Engraftment of 55% was demonstrated by FISH as early as the 11th day post‐BMT. On day +48 post‐BMT, he developed GVHD that was complicated by refractory pancytopenia, resistant to three doses of rituximab. Patient was re‐transplanted (from the same donor) after receiving fludarabine and ATG, with successful engraftment and complete recovery from pancytopenia.
Unrelated hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in a patient with congenital dyserythropoietic anemia and iron overload
Authors: Buchbinder David , Nugent Diane , Vu Dan , Soni Amit , Stites Jill , Hsieh Loan , Puthenveetil Geetha 
Published: November 2010

Buchbinder D, Nugent D, Vu D, Soni A, Stites J, Hsieh L, Puthenveetil G. Unrelated hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in a patient with congenital dyserythropoietic anemia and iron overload.Abstract:  CDA is a heterogenous group of disorders that result in morphologically abnormal erythroid maturation and ineffective erythropoiesis. Curative therapy for CDA focuses on the use of HSCT using fully matched sibling donors. This is the first report of a Type II CDA patient with severe iron overload who was successfully treated with HSCT using a HLA‐matched unrelated donor after aggressive chelation therapy. Given the challenges of HSCT in any patient with CDA and severe iron overload, the role of novel approaches to iron chelation and HSCT is discussed.