bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Four cases of non‐Helicobacter pylori Helicobacter‐infected gastritis with duodenal spiral bacilli
Authors: Agawa Hiroyuki , Tsukadaira Toshihisa , Kobayashi Natsuko , Kodaira Himiko , Ota Hiroyoshi , Matsumoto Takehisa , Horiuchi Kazuki , Negishi Tatsuya , Tada Toshifumi 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundNon‐Helicobacter pylori Helicobacter (NHPH) is rarely detected in duodenal mucosa due to its preference for slightly acidic environments. Here, we report four cases of NHPH‐infected gastritis with duodenal spiral bacilli, potentially NHPH, indicating the possibility of duodenal mucosal infection.Case PresentationIn every case, gastric mucosa showed endoscopic findings characteristic of NHPH‐infected gastritis, and a mucosal biopsy was taken from the duodenal bulb; spiral bacilli were identified under microscopy using Giemsa staining. Case 1, a 46‐year‐old man, had diffuse spotty redness, mucosal edema, and multiple tiny erosions in the duodenal bulb, along with larger erosions in the second portion of the duodenum upon endoscopic examination. Histopathologically, moderate infiltration of mononuclear cells and neutrophils in the lamina propria and gastric epithelial metaplasia were observed. Case 2, a 54‐year‐old man, showed an elevated lesion, 1 cm in diameter, with multiple red spots and a few tiny erosions in the duodenal bulb. Histopathologically, mild inflammatory cell infiltration and gastric epithelial metaplasia were observed. In Case 3, a 52‐year‐old man, endoscopy revealed a flat elevated lesion, 7 mm in diameter, with multiple red spots and a few tiny erosions in the anterior wall of the duodenal bulb. Histopathologically, we observed moderate inflammatory cell infiltration in the gastric antrum and gastric epithelial metaplasia in the duodenal bulb. Case 4, a 40‐year‐old man, showed mild spotty redness in the duodenal bulb. Histopathologically, mild mononucleocyte infiltration and gastric epithelial metaplasia were observed. A single spiral bacillus was observed in Case 4 by microscopy. In all but Case 2, Helicobacter suis was identified in the gastric juice by polymerase chain reaction analysis.ConclusionsSpiral bacilli resembling NHPH may infect the duodenal mucosa, particularly the bulb, causing inflammation. Gastric contents entering the duodenum may reduce the intraduodenal pH, promoting NHPH survival and proliferation.
Importance of treating acne sequelae in skin of color: 6‐month phase IV study of trifarotene with an appropriate skincare routine including UV protection in acne‐induced post‐inflammatory hyperpigmentation
Authors: Alexis Andrew , Del Rosso James Q. , Forman Seth , Martorell Antonio , Browning John , Laquer Vivian , Desai Seemal R. , York Jean Philippe , Chavda Rajeev , Dhawan Sunil , Moore Angela Y. , Stein‐Gold Linda 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundAcne‐induced hyperpigmentation (AIH) may accompany acne vulgaris (AV) inflammation in all skin phototypes. Trifarotene has shown depigmenting properties in vivo. This study evaluated trifarotene plus skincare because it is increasingly recognized that holistic AV management should include skincare and treatments.MethodsThis is a phase IV double‐blind, parallel‐group study of patients (13–35 years) with moderate AV and AIH treated with trifarotene (N = 60) or vehicle (N = 63) plus skincare regimen (moisturizer, cleanser, and sunscreen) for 24 weeks. Assessments included the AIH overall disease severity (ODS) score, post‐AV hyperpigmentation index (PAHPI), exit interviews, photography, and acne assessments. Standard safety assessments were included.ResultsTrifarotene 50 μg/g cream improved significantly from baseline in ODS score versus vehicle (−1.6 vs. −1.1, P = 0.03) at Week 12, but scores were comparable between groups at Week 24 (primary endpoint). Trifarotene had a better reduction in PAHPI score at Week 24 (−18.9% vs. −11.3% vehicle, P < 0.01). Lesion count reductions were higher with trifarotene at Week 12 versus vehicle (P < 0.001) and at Week 24 (P < 0.05), as were IGA success rates versus vehicle at Weeks 12 (P < 0.05) and 24 (P < 0.05). Patients agreed that the skincare regimen contributed to less irritation, making treatment adherence easier. Photography showed improvements in pigmentation and erythema across all skin types. AEs were more common in the vehicle group versus trifarotene (30.2 vs. 16.7%, respectively).ConclusionsIn all skin phototypes, there was more rapid improvement in the ODS and PAHPI scores with trifarotene by Weeks 12 and 24, respectively. The combination of trifarotene and skincare correlated with high patient satisfaction and adherence to the treatment protocol.
Redefining food safety: the confluence of Web 3.0 andAItechnologies in the meat supply chain—a systematic review
Authors: Issa Aline , Mekanna Alexandria Nivelle , Doumit Jacqueline , Bou‐Mitri Christelle 
Published: April 2024

SummaryWeb 3.0 and artificial intelligence (AI) have presented unprecedent impact on the food sector. However, there is no clear scientific description yet related to their influences on food safety, quality and traceability across the meat supply chain. This study systematically reviews the available data pertaining to Web 3.0 and related novel technologies, their possible use in the meat supply chain and their confluent effect on meat safety. This systematic review followed the PRISMA methodology. The articles selected were identified by searching three databases: Scopus, Web of Science and PubMed. The search results showed that the meat industry and the meat supply chain have their share of positive implications instigated by Web 3.0 technologies. Web 3.0 technologies are shown to be effective for the food safety of meat from farm to fork, particularly in inspection and quality assessment with blockchain integration enhancing transparency and traceability with innovative approaches promising to improve meat safety, increase profitability, efficiency, scalability and modularisation of meat manufacturing in addition to better adherence to animal welfare increasing thus consumer's confidence. Further research is still, needed to examine the role of such technologies at the level of other parts of the supply chain including the pre‐processing step, processing and packaging.
Transcriptome‐wide analysis uncovers regulatory elements of the antennal transcriptome repertoire of bumblebee at different life stages
Authors: Dikmen Fatih , Dabak Tunç , Özgişi Burcu Daşer , Özenirler Çiğdem , Kuralay Selim Can , Çay Selahattin Barış , Çınar Yusuf Ulaş , Obut Onur , Balcı Mehmet Ali , Akbaba Pınar , Aksel Esma Gamze , Zararsız Gökmen , Solares Edwin , Eldem Vahap 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBumblebees are crucial pollinators, providing essential ecosystem services and global food production. The success of pollination services relies on the interaction between sensory organs and the environment. The antenna functions as a versatile multi‐sensory organ, pivotal in mediating chemosensory/olfactory information, and governs adaptive responses to environmental changes. Despite an increasing number of RNA‐sequencing studies on insect antenna, comprehensive antennal transcriptome studies at the different life stages were not elucidated systematically. Here, we quantified the expression profile and dynamics of coding/microRNA genes of larval head and antennal tissues from early‐ and late‐stage pupa to the adult of Bombus terrestris as suitable model organism among pollinators. We further performed Pearson correlation analyses on the gene expression profiles of the antennal transcriptome from larval head tissue to adult stages, exploring both positive and negative expression trends. The positively correlated coding genes were primarily enriched in sensory perception of chemical stimuli, ion transport, transmembrane transport processes and olfactory receptor activity. Negatively correlated genes were mainly enriched in organic substance biosynthesis and regulatory mechanisms underlying larval body patterning and the formation of juvenile antennal structures. As post‐transcriptional regulators, miR‐1000‐5p, miR‐13b‐3p, miR‐263‐5p and miR‐252‐5p showed positive correlations, whereas miR‐315‐5p, miR‐92b‐3p, miR‐137‐3p, miR‐11‐3p and miR‐10‐3p exhibited negative correlations in antennal tissue. Notably, based on the inverse expression relationship, positively and negatively correlated microRNA (miRNA)–mRNA target pairs revealed that differentially expressed miRNAs predictively targeted genes involved in antennal development, shaping antennal structures and regulating antenna‐specific functions. Our data serve as a foundation for understanding stage‐specific antennal transcriptomes and large‐scale comparative analysis of transcriptomes in different insects.
Comparison of the relationship between hardness and wear resistance of polycrystalline diamond and cubic boron nitride
Authors: Zhou Li , Zhang Jiawei , Tian Yi , Wang Junpu , He Duanwei 
Published: April 2024

AbstractHardness is an important indicator of the wear resistance of tool materials. The study of the effect of hardness on the wear resistance of tool materials has significant practical applications. In this experimental work, a series of polycrystalline cubic boron nitride (PcBN) and diamond (PCD) compacts with different hardness are sintered under high temperature and pressure, and these samples were fashioned into turning tools, used for edge wear testing in the granite turning process. Based on the measurements above, the relationship between hardness and wear resistance in two materials with identical grain sizes (1–2 µm) was examined, and the results reveal a significant positive correlation between the hardness and wear resistance of the two materials. Remarkably, the relationship between hardness and wear resistance in two materials complies with the same type of fitting function. But incredibly, the wear resistance of the two materials exhibits inconsistency as the hardness increases. Specifically, below 40 GPa Vickers hardness, both materials exhibit comparable wear resistance. However, above 40 GPa, the difference in wear resistance between the two materials becomes more pronounced with increasing hardness. At the Vickers hardness of 70 GPa, the abrasion ratio of the PCD is approximately 3.5 times that of the PcBN, and it is anticipated that the disparity between them will continue to expand within the broader range of hardness. Further analysis reveals that the intrinsic hardness of the crystal grains significantly impacts the wear resistance of polycrystalline materials.
Multi‐omics analysis reveals the association between specific solute carrier proteins gene expression patterns and the immune suppressive microenvironment in glioma
Authors: Wu Wenjie , Jiang Cheng , Zhu Wende , Jiang Xiaobing 
Published: April 2024

AbstractGlioma is the most prevalent malignant brain tumour. Currently, reshaping its tumour microenvironment has emerged as an appealing strategy to enhance therapeutic efficacy. As the largest group of transmembrane transport proteins, solute carrier proteins (SLCs) are responsible for the transmembrane transport of various metabolites and ions. They play a crucial role in regulating the metabolism and functions of malignant cells and immune cells within the tumour microenvironment, making them a promising target in cancer therapy. Through multidimensional data analysis and experimental validation, we investigated the genetic landscape of SLCs in glioma. We established a classification system comprising 7‐SLCs to predict the prognosis of glioma patients and their potential responses to immunotherapy and chemotherapy. Our findings unveiled specific SLC expression patterns and their correlation with the immune‐suppressive microenvironment and metabolic status. The 7‐SLC classification system was validated in distinguishing subgroups within the microenvironment, specifically identifying subsets involving malignant cells and tumour‐associated macrophages. Furthermore, the orphan protein SLC43A3, a core member of the 7‐SLC classification system, was identified as a key facilitator of tumour cell proliferation and migration, suggesting its potential as a novel target for cancer therapy.
A potassium‐chloride co‐transporter with altered genome architecture functions as a suppressor in glioma
Authors: Liu Hongwei , Pan Zhouyang , Lin Xuelei , Chen Long , Yang Qi , Zhang Wei , Dai Luohuan , Zhang Yihao , Li Wang , Chen Yinhua , Peng Kang , Wanggou Siyi , Zeng Feiyue , Li Xuejun 
Published: April 2024

AbstractGliomas, the most lethal tumours in brain, have a poor prognosis despite accepting standard treatment. Limited benefits from current therapies can be attributed to genetic, epigenetic and microenvironmental cues that affect cell programming and drive tumour heterogeneity. Through the analysis of Hi‐C data, we identified a potassium‐chloride co‐transporter SLC12A5 associated with disrupted topologically associating domain which was downregulated in tumour tissues. Multiple independent glioma cohorts were included to analyse the characterization of SLC12A5 and found it was significantly associated with pathological features, prognostic value, genomic alterations, transcriptional landscape and drug response. We constructed two SLC12A5 overexpression cell lines to verify the function of SLC12A5 that suppressed tumour cell proliferation and migration in vitro. In addition, SLC12A5 was also positively associated with GABAA receptor activity and negatively associated with pro‐tumour immune signatures and immunotherapy response. Collectively, our study provides a comprehensive characterization of SLC12A5 in glioma and supports SLC12A5 as a potential suppressor of disease progression.
Real‐world adalimumab survival and discontinuation factors in hidradenitis suppurativa
Authors: Garbayo‐Salmons Patricia , Vilarrasa Eva , Bassas‐Vila Julio , Mora‐Fernández Veronica , Fuertes Irene , Luque‐Luna Mar , Fornons‐Servent Rosa , Martin‐Ezquerra Gemma , Aguayo‐Ortiz Rafael Sergio , Ceravalls Joan , Mollet Jordi , Gómez Tomás Álvaro , Masferrer Emili , Corral‐Magaña Oriol , Matas‐Nadal Clara , del Estal Jorge , Fuertes Bailón Diana , Calvet Joan , Romaní Jorge 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesSurvival analyses can provide valuable insights into effectiveness and safety as perceived by prescribers. Here, we aimed to evaluate adalimumab (ADA) survival and the interruption risk factors in a multicentre cohort of patients with hidradenitis suppurativa (HS). Moreover, we performed a subanalysis considering the periods before and after the onset of the COVID‐19 pandemic.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective study including 539 adult patients with HS who received ADA from 1 May 2015 to 31 December 2022. Overall drug survival was analysed using Kaplan–Meier survival curves and compared between the subgroups via stratified log‐rank test. Possible predictors for overall drug survival and reasons for discontinuation were assessed using univariate and multivariate Cox regression.ResultsOverall, 50.1% were females with a mean age of 43.5 ± 1 years and a mean BMI of 29.5 ± 6.7. At the start of ADA, 95.29% were biologic‐naïve and 24.63% had undergone surgical treatment. During follow‐up, 9.46% of patients required dose escalation, while 39.92% interrupted ADA. Concomitant therapy was used in 64.89% of cases. A subanalyses comparing pre‐ and post‐pandemic periods revealed a tendency to initiate ADA treatment at a younger age, among patient with higher BMI and at a lower HS stage after COVID‐19 pandemic. Interestingly, ADA demonstrated extended survival compared to previous studies, with a median overall drug survival of 56.2 months (95% CI 51.2 to 80.3). The primary causes for discontinuation were inefficacy (51.69%), followed by adverse effects (21.35%). Female sex, longer delay in HS diagnosis, higher baseline IHS4 score and concomitant spondyloarthritis were associated with poorer ADA survival or increased risk of discontinuation.ConclusionsADA demonstrated prolonged survival (median 56.2 months). While addition of antibiotics did not have a positive effect on survival rate, basal IHS4 proved useful in predicting ADA survival.
Role of hepatitis B core‐related antigen in predicting the occurrence and recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with chronic hepatitis B: A systemic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Cao Qi‐Hang , Liu Hui , Yan Lun‐Jie , Wang Han‐Chao , Ding Zi‐Niu , Mao Xin‐Cheng , Li Rui‐Zhe , Pan Guo‐Qiang , Zhang Xiao , Tian Bao‐Wen , Han Cheng‐Long , Dong Zhao‐Ru , Tan Si‐Yu , Wang Dong‐Xu , Yan Yu‐Chuan , Li Tao 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackground and AimThe purpose of the current study was to investigate the predictive value of hepatitis B core‐related antigen (HBcrAg) on the occurrence and recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB).MethodsWe searched PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science from database inception to April 6, 2023. Pooled hazard ratio (HR) or odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) was calculated for the occurrence and recurrence of HCC.ResultsOf the 464 articles considered, 18 articles recruiting 10 320 patients were included. The pooled results showed that high serum HBcrAg level was an independent risk factor for the occurrence of HCC in CHB patients (adjusted HR = 3.12, 95% CI: 2.40–4.06, P < 0.001, I2 = 43.2%, P = 0.043; OR = 5.65, 95% CI: 3.44–5.82, P < 0.001, I2 = 0.00%, P = 0.42). Further subgroup analysis demonstrated that the predictive ability of HBcrAg for the occurrence of HCC is not influenced by the hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) status or the use of nucleoside/nucleotide analogs (NAs). In addition, our meta‐analysis also suggests that HBcrAg is a predictor of HCC recurrence (adjusted HR = 1.71, 95% CI: 1.26–2.32, P < 0.001, I2 = 7.89%, P = 0.031).ConclusionsFor patients with CHB, serum HBcrAg may be a potential predictive factor for the occurrence of HCC, regardless of HBeAg status or NA treatment. It may also serve as a novel prognostic biomarker for the recurrence of HCC. More studies are needed to confirm our conclusions.
Analysis of microscopy techniques to measure segregation in continuous‐cast steel slabs
Authors: Al Rafi Araf , Santillana Begoña , Feng Renfei , Thomas Brian G. , Phillion André B. 
Published: April 2024

SummaryThe accurate characterisation of centreline segregation requires precise measurements of composition variations over large length scales (10 ) across the centreline of the cast product, while having high resolution, sufficient to quantify the significant composition variations between dendrites due to microsegregation at very small length scales (10). This study investigates the potential of a novel microscopy technique, named Synchrotron Micro X‐ray Flurorescence (SMXRF), to generate large‐scale high‐resolution segregation maps from a steel sample taken from a thin slab caster. Two methods, Point Analysis and Regression Analysis, are proposed for SMXRF data calibration. By comparing with the traditional Laser‐Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS), and Electron Probe Micro Analyser (EPMA) techniques, we show that SMXRF is successful in quantitative characterisation of centreline segregation. Over large areas (e.g. 12 16 ) and at high resolution (10–50 pixel size) various techniques yield comparable outcomes in terms of composition maps and solute profiles. The findings also highlight the importance of both high spatial resolution and large field of view to have a quantitative, accurate, and efficient measurement tool to investigate segregation phenomena.
Trail making test – black & white (TMT B&W): Normative study for the Chilean population
Authors: Carvallo Claudia , Ramos‐Henderson Miguel 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe trailmaking test (TMT) has an educational bias that makes it inapplicable to people with low levels of education due to its dependence on the alphabet. The TMT standardization is the only one available in Chile, and there is a need for alternative ways of using the TMT that do not depend on the level of education for its applicability. To determine the normative scores of the TMT – black & white (TMT B&W), considering sociodemographic factors in adult and elderly Chilean population. A total sample of 227 participants (133 healthy, 94 cognitively impaired) from the Ageing Mets cohort were recruited from three areas in Chile (Antofagasta, Santiago, and Puerto Montt). The TMT B&W was administered to all participants. A multiple regression model was used to generate normative data only in the cognitively healthy group, considering the effect of age, education and sex. A significant effect of age was found in the score of the TMT B&W Parts A and B. The level of education influenced the part B of the test; however, the completion rate of the TMT B&W parts A and B was over 90% in cognitively healthy people. Norms for the number of errors were obtained, and differences between groups were found after controlling for the effect of age and education. This study is the first to provide normative data for the Chilean version of the TMT B&W and will benefit clinical neuropsychologists by improving the procedures for more accurately assessing executive functions and its impairments.
The role of nurse–patient mutuality on self‐care behaviours in patients with chronic illness
Authors: Cilluffo Silvia , Bassola Barbara , Lyons Karen S. , Lee Christopher S. , Vellone Ercole , Pucciarelli Gianluca , Clari Marco , Dimonte Valerio , Lusignani Maura 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAimTo examine the role of nurse–patient mutuality on three self‐care behaviours in chronic illness patients.DesignA cross‐sectional multi‐centre study was conducted.MethodsMutuality was measured with the Nurse–Patient Mutuality in Chronic Illness scale which has the dimensions of developing and going beyond, being a point of reference and deciding and sharing care, and self‐care was measured with the Self‐care of Chronic Illness Inventory (SC‐CII). Multivariable linear regression analyses were used to assess the contribution of three dimensions of mutuality on self‐care maintenance, monitoring and management behaviours controlling for patient gender, age, education, number of medications, and presence of a family caregiver.ResultsThe sample included 465 inpatients and outpatients with at least one chronic illness. The three dimensions of mutuality had different roles in their influence on the three dimensions of self‐care. Developing and going beyond was significantly associated with self‐care maintenance and self‐care monitoring behaviours. Point of reference was significantly associated with self‐care maintenance behaviour. Deciding and sharing care was significantly associated with self‐care monitoring and self‐care management behaviours.ConclusionThe mutuality between nurse and patient may be a novel area of research to support and improve patient self‐care behaviours with implications for clinical practice and education.Implication for Profession and Patient CareMutuality between nurse and patient increases patient engagement, symptom recognition, decision‐making process and patient‐centred approach favouring the development of self‐care behaviours.ImpactMutuality between nurse and patient is a new concept and its association with the patient outcomes could bring relevance to the nursing profession. Self‐care behaviours are important in the management of chronic diseases, but are difficult to perform. Mutuality between nurse and patient influences the three different behaviours of self‐care in chronic illness, for this reason it is important to increase the level of mutuality in this dyad.Reporting MethodSTROBE checklist for cross‐sectional studies was followed in this study.Patient or Public ContributionPatients were involved in the sample of the study.