bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cortical processes of multisensory plausibility modulation of vibrotactile perception in virtual environments in middled-aged and older adults
Authors: Kang Kathleen Y. L. , Rosenkranz Robert , Altinsoy Mehmet Ercan , Li Shu-Chen 
Published: June 2024

AbstractDigital technologies, such as virtual or augmented reality, can potentially support neurocognitive functions of the aging populations worldwide and complement existing intervention methods. However, aging-related declines in the frontal-parietal network and dopaminergic modulation which progress gradually across the later periods of the adult lifespan may affect the processing of multisensory congruence and expectancy based contextual plausibility. We assessed hemodynamic brain responses while middle-aged and old adults experienced car-riding virtual-reality scenarios where the plausibility of vibrotactile stimulations was manipulated by delivering stimulus intensities that were either congruent or incongruent with the digitalized audio-visual contexts of the respective scenarios. Relative to previous findings observed in young adults, although highly plausible vibrotactile stimulations confirming with contextual expectations also elicited higher brain hemodynamic responses in middle-aged and old adults, this effect was limited to virtual scenarios with extreme expectancy violations. Moreover, individual differences in plausibility-related frontal activity did not correlate with plausibility violation costs in the sensorimotor cortex, indicating less systematic frontal context-based sensory filtering in older ages. These findings have practical implications for advancing digital technologies to support aging societies.
Potential distribution prediction of Ceracris kiangsu Tsai in China
Authors: Fu Chun , Wen Xuanye , Shi Zhaopeng , Rui Lin , Jiang Na , Zhao Gelin , Wang Rulin , Zhao Jinpeng , Yang YaoJun 
Published: June 2024

AbstractCeracris kiangsu Tsai (C. kiangs) is a kind of forest pest, which can harm nearly 100 kinds of weeds and crops. In this study, based on 314 species distribution points of C. kiangsu which were obtained from Chinese herbaria, literatures and investigation, and data of three future climate scenarios presented by CMIP6, two niche models (Garp, Maxent) were used to predict the suitable area of C. kiangsu in China. The result shows that the main environmental factors affecting the distribution of C. kiangsu are precipitation of driest month (bio14) and min temperature of coldest month (bio6). No matter now and future, the potential distribution areas of C. kiangsu in China are mainly in the south of Qinling–Huaihe River. Under current scenarios, the areas of the total, highly, moderately and poorly suitable of C. kiangsu in China are 160.65 × 104 km2, 31.70 × 104 km2, 60.36 × 104 km2 and 68.59 × 104 km2 respectively. The southern Hubei, western Jiangxi and eastern Hunan are highly-suitable areas. Under SSP1-2.6 and SSP2-4.5 scenarios, both the total suitable area and the highly suitable show a decreasing tread in 2050s. Compared to the 2050s, the total suitable area will coninue to decease in 2090s under SSP1-2.6, while it will increase under SSP2-4.5. The highly suitable area will increase in both scenarios, and the increased percentage under SSP2-4.5 is greater than that under SSP1-2.6. Under SSP5-8.5 scenarios, the total suitable area will increase by 1.83% in the 2050s, and decrease by 1.17% in the 2090s. The highly suitable area in the 2050s and 2090s under this scenarios is larger than under current scenarios. No matter what the scenario, the southern part of Yunnan, the southeast of Sichuan and the southwest of Chongqing will become highly-suitable areas as the climate continues to warm and should be monitored more cosely.
Influence mechanism of grinding surface quality of 20CrMnTi steel on contact failure
Authors: Wang Long , Yang Lijun , Wang Liuying , Tang Xiujian , Liu Gu 
Published: June 2024

AbstractTo reveal the influence mechanism of the grinding surface quality of 20CrMnTi steel components on the tribological characteristics and contact fatigue performance, accelerated tests for sliding friction wear and fatigue damage were carried out. Tribological characteristics and contact fatigue performance get worse with increasing surface roughness while getting better with increasing surface microhardness. Residual compressive stress is conducive to inhibiting the initiation and propagation of cracks and promoting contact fatigue performance. Additionally, mechanical friction, abrasive wear, adhesive wear and fatigue damage coexist and form a competing failure mechanism under the synergistic effect of frictional wear and contact fatigue failure. The damage process mainly manifests as wear, stress concentration induced fatigue, microcracks, pitting, and spalling in the shallow layer. This study is more beneficial to promote the 20CrMnTi steel transmission parts manufacturing products for high precision, low damage, and long life.
Molecular dynamics simulation on regulation of liquid–liquid phase separation of repetitive peptides
Authors: Yang Xiaojun , Wang Yanwei , Yang Guangcan 
Published: June 2024

AbstractUnderstanding the intricate interactions governing protein and peptide behavior in liquid–liquid phase separation (LLPS) is crucial for unraveling biological functions and dysfunctions. This study employs a residue-leveled coarse-grained molecular dynamics approach to simulate the phase separation of repetitive polyproline and polyarginine peptides (poly PR) with varying lengths and sequences in solution, considering different concentrations and temperatures. Our findings highlight the crucial role of sequence order in promoting LLPS in peptides with identical lengths of repetitive sequences. Interestingly, repetitive peptides containing fewer than 10 polyarginine repeats exhibit no LLPS, even at salt concentrations up to 3 M. Notably, our simulations align with experimental observations, pinpointing a salt concentration of 2.7 M for PR25-induced LLPS. Utilizing the same methodology, we predict the required salt concentrations for LLPS induction as 1.2 M, 1.5 M, and 2.7 M for PR12, PR15, and PR35, respectively. These predictions demonstrate good agreement with experimental results. Extending our investigation to include the peptide glutamine and arginine (GR15) in DNA solution, our simulations mirror experimental observations of phase separation. To unveil the molecular forces steering peptide phase separation, we introduce a dielectric constant modifier and hydrophobicity disruptor into poly PR systems. Our coarse-grained analysis includes an examination of temperature effects, leading to the inference that both hydrophobic and electrostatic interactions drive phase separation in peptide systems.
Factors associated with phenotypes of dyspnea in post-COVID-19 condition: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Smith Maeve P. , Sharpe Heather , Damant Ronald W. , Ferrara Giovanni , Lim Rachel K. , Stickland Michael K. , Lam Grace Y. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractPost-COVID-19 condition (PCC) is defined as the persistence of symptoms, like fatigue and dyspnea, at least 3 months post-COVID infection. As dyspnea is a common symptom, we attempted to further clinically phenotype those with PCC-associated dyspnea. 1642 adults (average age of 49.6y with 63% female-predominance and BMI of 31.2 kg/m2) with physician confirmed diagnosis of PCC from June 2020–April 2023 in Alberta, Canada were included. Those with dyspnea were more likely to be female (56.5%, p = 0.005) and have higher BMI (31.3 kg/m2 vs. 29.5 kg/m2; p = 0.0008), history of asthma (21.1% vs. 12.3%; p < 0.001), more persistent PCC symptoms (p = 0.0001), more functional limitations, as well as lower quality of life (p < 0.0001). Multivariable-adjusted logistic regression analysis demonstrated dyspnea was independently associated with fatigue (OR = 4.20; CI = 2.71,6.59) and inversely associated with hospitalization for COVID-19 (OR = 0.53; CI = 0.32,0.91), age (OR = 0.98 per one year of age; CI = 0.96,0.99) and 6-min-walk-distance per 10 m difference (OR = 0.98, CI = 0.96,1.0). Fatigue was a predictor of dyspnea, and was associated with milder infection, higher BMI, and reduced 6-min-walk-distance despite normal pulmonary function. Reduced TLC or DLCO was associated with more severe infection and reduced 6-min-walk-distance. Thus, we speculate there are at least two dyspnea-associated phenotypes: phenotype with pronounced fatigue (normal PFT) and phenotype with pronounced pulmonary abnormalities (abnormal PFT). Improved understanding of the dyspnea-associated phenotypes may allow for better targeted rehabilitation.
The kappa/lambda ratio of surface immunoglobulin light chain as a valuable parameter for MRD assessment in CLL with atypical immunophenotype
Authors: Aruga Yu , Ikeda Chiaki , Matsushita Hiromichi , Makita Shinichi , Fukuhara Suguru , Munakata Wataru , Izutsu Koji , Matsui Hirotaka 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIn recent years, the significance of detecting minimal/measurable residual disease (MRD) in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) has increased due to the availability of highly effective therapeutic agents. Flow cytometry provides notable cost-effectiveness and immediacy, with an expected sensitivity level of approximately 10−4. The critical aspect of MRD detection via flow cytometry lies in accurately defining the region containing tumor cells. However, a subset of CLL, known as CLL with atypical immunophenotype, exhibits a distinct cell surface marker expression pattern that can make MRD detection challenging, because these markers often resemble those of normal B cells. To enhance the sensitivity of MRD detection in such atypical cases of CLL, we have capitalized on the observation that cell surface immunoglobulin (sIg) light chains tend to be expressed at a higher level in this subtype. For every four two-dimensional plots of cell surface markers, we used a plot to evaluate the expression of sIg kappa/lambda light chains and identified regions where the kappa/lambda ratio of sIg light chains deviated from a designated threshold within the putative CLL cell region. Using this method, we could detect atypical CLL cells at a level of 10−4. We propose this method as an effective MRD assay.
Tracking the evolution of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies and long-term humoral immunity within 2 years after COVID-19 infection
Authors: Movsisyan Mariam , Truzyan Nune , Kasparova Irina , Chopikyan Armine , Sawaqed Ra’ed , Bedross Alexandra , Sukiasyan Meline , Dilbaryan Karen , Shariff Sanobar , Kantawala Burhan , Hakobjanyan Gohar , Petrosyan Gayane , Hakobyan Armine , Yenkoyan Konstantin 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) that gave rise to COVID-19 infection produced a worldwide health crisis. The virus can cause a serious or even fatal disease. Comprehending the complex immunological responses triggered by SARS-CoV-2 infection is essential for identifying pivotal elements that shape the course of the disease and its enduring effects on immunity. The span and potency of antibody responses provide valuable perspicuity into the resilience of post-infection immunity. The analysis of existing literature reveals a diverse controversy, confining varying data about the persistence of particular antibodies as well as the multifaceted factors that impact their development and titer, Within this study we aimed to understand the dynamics of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies against nucleocapsid (anti-SARS-CoV-2 (N)) and spike (anti-SARS-CoV-2 (N)) proteins in long-term immunity in convalescent patients, as well as the factors influencing the production and kinetics of those antibodies. We collected 6115 serum samples from 1611 convalescent patients at different post-infection intervals up to 21 months Study showed that in the fourth month, the anti-SARS-CoV-2 (N) exhibited their peak mean value, demonstrating a 79% increase compared to the initial month. Over the subsequent eight months, the peak value experienced a modest decline, maintaining a relatively elevated level by the end of study. Conversely, anti-SARS-CoV-2 (S) exhibited a consistent increase at each three-month interval over the 15-month period, culminating in a statistically significant peak mean value at the study’s conclusion. Our findings demonstrate evidence of sustained seropositivity rates for both anti-SARS-CoV-2 (N) and (S), as well as distinct dynamics in the long-term antibody responses, with anti-SARS-CoV-2 (N) levels displaying remarkable persistence and anti-SARS-CoV-2 (S) antibodies exhibiting a progressive incline.
Does Gestural Communication Influence Later Spoken Language Ability in Minimally Verbal Autistic Children?
Authors: La Valle Chelsea , Shen Lue , Shih Wendy , Kasari Connie , Shire Stephanie , Lord Catherine , Tager-Flusberg Helen 
Published: June 2024

Purpose:
The current study examined the predictive role of gestures and gesture–speech combinations on later spoken language outcomes in minimally verbal (MV) autistic children enrolled in a blended naturalistic developmental/behavioral intervention (Joint Attention, Symbolic Play, Engagement, and Regulation [JASPER] + Enhanced Milieu Teaching [EMT]).

Method:

Participants were 50 MV autistic children (40 boys), ages 54–105 months (
M
= 75.54,
SD
= 16.45). MV was defined as producing fewer than 20 spontaneous, unique, and socially communicative words. Autism symptom severity (Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule–Second Edition) and nonverbal cognitive skills (Leiter-R Brief IQ) were assessed at entry. A natural language sample (NLS), a 20-min examiner–child interaction with specified toys, was collected at entry (Week 1) and exit (Week 18) from JASPER + EMT intervention. The NLS was coded for gestures (deictic, conventional, and representational) and gesture–speech combinations (reinforcing, disambiguating, supplementary, other) at entry and spoken language outcomes: speech quantity (rate of speech utterances) and speech quality (number of different words [NDW] and mean length of utterance in words [MLUw]) at exit using European Distributed Corpora Project Linguistic Annotator and Systematic Analysis of Language Transcripts.

Results:
Controlling for nonverbal IQ and autism symptom severity at entry, rate of gesture–speech combinations (but not gestures alone) at entry was a significant predictor of rate of speech utterances and MLUw at exit. The rate of supplementary gesture–speech combinations, in particular, significantly predicted rate of speech utterances and NDW at exit.

Conclusion:
These findings highlight the critical importance of gestural communication, particularly gesture–speech (supplementary) combinations in supporting spoken language development in MV autistic children.
A novel high‐impedance neutral grounding method for medium‐ or large‐size hydroelectric generators
Authors: Jiang Jianming , Jiang Xu , Song Gongyi , Tong Song , Li Yanhai 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAs the capacity of medium or large hydroelectric generators increases, conventional grounding methods face challenges in effectively limiting single‐phase to earth fault current and neutral displacement voltage within acceptable range. Excessive fault current and neutral displacement voltage pose threats to the stability and safety of power generation and transmission systems. Inherent design deficiencies in conventional grounding methods lead to failures in meeting fault current and voltage requirements. To address this, this paper proposes a novel grounding method utilizing high impedance to restrict excessive fault current and neutral displacement voltage. The method minimizes both fault current and neutral displacement voltage by optimally selecting device parameters through minimal iterative trials. Additionally, a novel indicator is introduced to evaluate the effectiveness of grounding method by monitoring changes in neutral displacement voltage. The method is tested through theoretical calculation and field experiments, successfully implemented in large‐size hydroelectric generator.
Einstellungen zur Einführung der psychedelischen Therapie
Authors: Hartter Nina , Däumichen Marvin , Jungaberle Andrea , Schmidt Christopher , Wolff Max , Gründer Gerhard , Jungaberle Henrik 
Published: June 2024

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGIn 11 Fokusgruppeninterviews diskutierten 31 Teilnehmende, gegliedert in die Zielgruppen Ärzte, Psychotherapeuten und (Ex-)Patienten ihre Einstellungen, Wünsche und Bedenken in Bezug auf die mögliche Einführung psychedelischer Therapien in das deutsche Gesundheitssystem. Folgende Themenbereiche wurden besprochen: Risiken und Potenziale psychedelischer Therapien; Erwartungen und Wünsche; Zulassung, Regulation und Zugänglichkeit; therapeutische Begleitung psychedelischer Therapien; Ausbildung zur Durchführung psychedelischer Therapien; Rahmenbedingungen und Durchführung psychedelischer Therapien; Sicherheitsvorkehrungen; vermutete Wirkfaktoren psychedelischer Therapien und Befürchtungen und Bedenken. Die Teilnehmenden äußerten sich größtenteils optimistisch und wünschten sich eine patientennahme und risikominimierende Regulierung psychedelischer Therapien.
Postakute Effekte von klassischen Psychedelika
Authors: Evens Ricarda , Majić Tomislav 
Published: June 2024

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGKlassische Psychedelika wie Psilocybin oder Lysergsäurediethylamid (LSD) werden seit einigen Jahren wieder als Mittel für die Behandlung psychiatrischer Störungen untersucht. Nach dem Abklingen der akuten psychedelischen Effekte werden typischerweise postakute Effekte beobachtet, die eine entscheidende Rolle für den Einsatz dieser Substanzen als mögliche Therapeutika spielen und sich in subakute und Langzeiteffekte unterteilen lassen. Subakute Effekte umfassen u. a. das psychedelische „Afterglow“-Phänomen, das sich in Wohlbefinden, Gefühlen von Leichtigkeit, einer tieferen Verbundenheit mit sich und einer erhöhten Offenheit für zwischenmenschliche Begegnungen sowie einer Abnahme repetitiver Grübelschleifen äußert. Andererseits können in dieser Zeit aber auch Komplikationen auftreten. So werden in den Tagen nach der Einnahme häufig Kopfschmerzen beschrieben sowie seltener depressive und Angstsymptome, Schlafstörungen, dissoziative Symptome und visuelle Wahrnehmungsstörungen sowie psychotische Syndrome. In manchen Fällen können diese Komplikationen in anhaltende psychische Störungen übergehen, die eine psychiatrisch-psychotherapeutische Versorgung erforderlich machen.
Ketamin und Esketamin
Authors: Schüle Cornelius , Koller Gabi , Herwig Uwe 
Published: June 2024

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGKetamin blickt bereits auf eine längere Geschichte der Anwendung in der Psychiatrie zurück. Insbesondere ist es in den letzten 2 Dekaden zur Behandlung von therapieresistenten Depressionen erforscht und eingesetzt worden und ist mit dem Enantiomer Esketamin in Deutschland für diese Indikation zugelassen. Hier wird es vor allem als pharmakologische Intervention genutzt. Ketamin kann zudem als atypisches Psychedelikum oder Dissoziativum bezeichnet werden, da die Wirkung mit einer charakteristischen qualitativen Bewusstseinsänderung einhergeht. Insofern gibt es Ansätze, diese psychophänomenologische Wirkung therapeutisch im Sinne einer ketaminaugmentierten Psychotherapie zu nutzen. Dies ist aber mit der Studienlage nicht untermauert. Im Artikel werden zunächst pharmakologische Aspekte von Ketamin und Esketamin vorgestellt, dann aktuelle klinisch-psychiatrische Anwendungen und letztlich die Überlegung diskutiert, erlebte Bewusstseinsinhalte psychotherapeutisch einzubringen.
Characterization of heated volume generation by nanosecond pulsed plasma actuator with various pressure environments
Authors: Matsunaga Tomohiro , Iwamoto Masaaki , Miki Yuma , Kinefuchi Kiyoshi 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Nanosecond dielectric barrier discharge (NS-DBD) has emerged as a promising technique for controlling high-speed flows, generating a heated volume that generates strong density and viscosity gradients, thereby perturbing flow dynamics. Since its potential application in low-pressure, high-speed flows, understanding how the size and growth of the heated volume correlate with surrounding pressure is crucial. In this study, we employed typical schlieren and background-oriented schlieren (BOS) techniques to investigate the heated volume’s sensitivity to surrounding pressure in quiescent air. The observed heated volume’s size variations with surrounding pressure likely stemmed from the increase in thermal diffusivity at lower pressures. BOS findings unveiled a nearly linear decrease in heated volume’s core density with energy input. Meanwhile, the heated volume’s size augmented with energy input but exhibited gradual saturation, attributable possibly to shear stresses impeding volume expansion as temperature and viscosity rose, or to consumption of energy in vibration excitation and other reactions. In the cases of 100 and 50 kPa, the sensitivity of the heated volume’s size to the reduced electric field appeared to be similar. However, at 10 kPa, where the reduced electric field is higher compared to that of the 100 and 50 kPa cases due to the lower air density, the size sensitivity drastically decreased. This suggested a transition in discharge mode from filamentary to diffusive behavior at lower pressures.
Multiphoton-pumped UV-Vis transient absorption spectroscopy of 2D materials: basic concepts and recent applications
Authors: Glinka Yuri D 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
2D materials are considered a key element in the development of next-generation electronics (nanoelectronics) due to their extreme thickness in the nanometer range and unique physical properties. The ultrafast dynamics of photoexcited carriers in such materials are strongly influenced by their interfaces, since the thickness of 2D materials is much smaller than the typical depth of light penetration into their bulk counterparts and the mean free path of photoexcited carriers. The resulting collisions of photoexcited carriers with interfacial potential barriers of 2D materials in the presence of a strong laser field significantly alter the overall dynamics of photoexcitation, allowing laser light to be directly absorbed by carriers in the conduction/valence band through the inverse bremsstrahlung mechanism. The corresponding ultrafast carrier dynamics can be monitored using multiphoton-pumped UV-Vis transient absorption spectroscopy. In this review, we discuss the basic concepts and recent applications of this spectroscopy for a variety of 2D materials, including transition-metal dichalcogenide monolayers, topological insulators, and other 2D semiconductor structures.