bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Recognizing and Managing Violence in the NICU
Authors: Early Margaret Rivero 
Published: November 2011

Purpose: To determine (1) the nature and frequency of threatening or violent events in the NICU workplace, (2) whether nurses feel confident in their ability to recognize and deal with these events, (3) whether there is an association between violence training and confidence in the ability to recognize and manage violence, and (4) whether NICU nurses report and document these events.Design: A descriptive, self-administered questionnaire.Sample: A nonprobability sample comprised of 68 RNs employed in a Level III NICU in a midwestern metropolitan-area hospital.Main Outcome Variables: Types and frequencies of threatening or violent events in the NICU; nurses’ confidence in their ability to recognize/manage these events; nurses’ reporting/documentation of these events.Results: Fifty-four percent of the sample experienced threatening or violent workplace events; 83.8 percent of the sample felt confident in their ability to recognize violent situations; 69.1 percent felt confident in their ability to manage violent situations. Various means were reported for documenting and reporting such events, but 27 percent neither reported nor documented violent events.
Comfort Scale: A Reliable and Valid Method to Measure the Amount of Stress of Ventilated Preterm Infants
Authors: Wielenga J. , De Vos R. , de Leeuw R. , De Haan R. 
Published: November 2011

Objective:Assessment of clinimetric properties and diagnostic quality of a stress measurement scale (COMFORT scale).Design:Sample of an open population.Setting:Neonatology department (Neonatal Intensive Care Unit), Academic Medical Centre/Emma Children’s Hospital, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.Method:One clinical expert and 9 observers observed ventilated premature born babies simultaneously. Criterion validity was assessed by correlating the COMFORT scale with the clinical judgment regarding the amount of stress. Interobserver reliability was assessed on the clinical judgment as well as on the COMFORT scale. Diagnostic qualities were evaluated with a ROC curve.Results:On 19 ventilated prematurely born babies (mean gestational age 30 weeks, mean birth weight 1385 gm), one clinical expert and 9 observers made 30 paired observations. The criterion validity of the COMFORT scale was good (Pearson’s r of 0.84). The interobserver reliability of the clinical judgment was very good (weighted Kappa 0.84). The interobserver reliability of each item varied from good to almost perfect (weighted Kappa of 0.64 for muscle tone to 1.00 on heart rate). The reliability of the total COMFORT scale score was satisfying (intraclass correlation coefficient of 0.94). The diagnostic quality of the COMFORT scale was excellent, at a cut-off point of 20 the sensitivity was 100 percent, the specificity was 77 percent, and the area under the curve (AUC) of 0.95.Conclusion:In this first evaluation, the COMFORT scale appears to be a valid and reliable measurement tool to assess the stress of ventilated prematurely born babies.
Poverty as Context for the Parenting Experience of Low-Income Lumbee Indian Mothers with a Medically Fragile Infant
Authors: Docherty Sharron , Lowry Candace , Miles Margaret Shandor 
Published: November 2011

Purpose: To explore the influence of poverty on the parenting experience and maternal developmental trajectory of Lumbee mothers with medically fragile infants.Design: A multiple–case study design using secondary data from a larger longitudinal study of parental role attainment with medically fragile infants.Sample: Five cases involving mothers who were Lumbee Indians and who had medically fragile infants.Results: The key features of the mothers’ talk about their parenting experiences were organized into categories that fit into five inductively derived themes related to poverty.Implications: Health care professionals need to be aware of how the context of living in poverty affects mothers of high-risk infants who are hospitalized in tertiary care units. In particular, low-income mothers, especially American Indians living in high-poverty areas, urgently need improved community resources such as access to birth control; early prenatal care; programs to help reduce drug, alcohol, and tobacco use both during and following pregnancy; and follow-up health and developmental services for their infants.
Variations of NICU Sound by Location and Time of Day
Authors: Matook Sherry , Sullivan Mary , Salisbury Amy , Miller Robin , Lester Barry 
Published: November 2011

Purpose/Aims.The primary aim of this study was to identify time periods of sound levels >45 decibels (dB) in a large Level III NICU. The second aim was to determine whether there were differences in decibel levels across the five bays of the NICU, the four quadrants within each bay, and two 12-hour shifts.Design.A repeated measures design was used. Bay, quadrant, and shift were randomly selected for sampling. Staff and visitors were blinded to the location of the sound meter, which was placed in one of five identical wooden boxes and was preset to record for 12 hours.Sample.Sound levels were recorded every 60 seconds over 40 12-hour periods, 20 during the day shift and 20 during the night shift. Total hours measured were 480. Data were collected every other day during a three-month period. Covariates of staffing, infant census, infant acuity, and medical equipment were collected.Main Outcome Variable.The main outcome variable was sound levels in decibels, with units of measurement of energy equivalent sound level (Leq), peak instantaneous sound pressure level, and maximum sound pressure level during each interval for a total of 480 hours.Results.All sound levels were >45 dB, with average readings ranging from 49.5 to 89.5 dB. The middle bay had the highest levels, with an Leq of 85.74 dB. Quadrants at the back of a bay were louder than quadrants at the front of a bay. The day shift had higher decibel levels than the night shift. Covariates did not differ across bays or shifts.
The Experiences of NICU Nurses in Caring for Infants with Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome
Authors: Murphy-Oikonen Jodie , Brownlee Keith , Montelpare William , Gerlach Keri 
Published: November 2011

Purpose:This study explored the experiences of NICU nurses in caring for infants with neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS).Design:A qualitative research approach was used with open-ended questions employing computer-assisted personal interviews.Sample:Fourteen NICU nurses employed in a regional hospital provided responses.Results:The nurses reflected a personal struggle between a desire to employ their technical and critical nursing skills and the need to provide expected maternal care to NAS infants. Other themes included frustration and burnout, challenges to values about parenting, and increased awareness of drug use in the community and at home.Discussion:The results suggest that nurses underrate the skill required to care for infants with NAS. The level of knowledge, patience, and commitment to these newborns should be reframed to increase job satisfaction, and education should be offered to nurses about women struggling with addictions.
Sensorimotor Interventions Improve Growth and Motor Function in Preterm Infants
Authors: Fucile Sandra , Gisel Erika 
Published: November 2011

Purpose:To assess the effect of an oral (O+O), a tactile/kinesthetic (T/K+T/K), and a combined (O+T/K) intervention on preterm infants’ weight gain and motor function and to determine whether the combined O+T/K intervention has an additive/synergistic effect on outcomes.Design/Sample:Seventy-five preterm infants were randomized into an O+O intervention consisting of oral stimulation, a T/K+T/K intervention involving whole body stimulation, an O+T/K intervention, and a control group. Interventions were administered for 15 minutes, twice a day, for ten days.Outcomes:Weight gain, motor function.Results:The O+O and T/K+T/K groups had greater weight gain during the intervention period than did controls (p≤.025). The T/K+T/K and O+T/K groups had better motor function than did controls (p≤.017).Conclusion:Single and combined interventions improved growth and motor function. The combined intervention, because of the shorter duration of each modality, did not lead to additive/synergistic effects, suggesting that the duration of the sensorimotor input is as important as its target in achieving defined outcomes.
The Circle of Caring Model for Neonatal Transport
Authors: Thomas Jessica 
Published: November 2011

AbstractThe Circle of Caring Model serves as a guide that superimposes nursing and medical practice models. This transformative template was formulated for advanced practice nursing in all health care settings, including neonatal care. This article proposes an extension of this model specific to neonatal transport. It also shows how the Circle of Caring Model for Neonatal Transport functions within the framework of a hypothetical patient case.
Reduction in Coagulase-Negative Staphylococcus Infection Rates in the NICU Using Evidence-Based Research
Authors: Kane Ellen , Bretz Gwen 
Published: November 2011

ABSTRACTCoagulase-negative Staphylococcus (CoNS) bloodstream infection is the most common cause of sepsis in the NICU and can lead to significant morbidity and mortality. There is evidence that hand hygiene using an alcohol-based gel and wearing gloves during patient care, management of central and peripheral intravenous lines using the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) guidelines, and a closed medication administration system can reduce the incidence to CoNS sepsis in the NICU. To successfully apply the evidence and decrease the CoNS infection rate, a systematic process is necessary. One approach to process change that significantly reduced the CoNS infection rate in a health care system with two Level III NICUs included using system thinking; working within a multidisciplinary team; using evidence to revise, develop, and implement policies and procedures; developing staff education programs; and monitoring and providing feedback to all staff members.
Attitudes Towards Resource Ownership in Alberta
Authors: Percy David R 
Published: November 2011

Abstract
Although the modern Alberta petroleum industry has been in existence for 65 years, the past decade has seen the courts and the legislature wrestle with some fundamental issues relating to the ownership of resources. Indeed, some of the most contentious issues have arisen within the last year.
The first part of this paper is based on the approach taken by the Canadian courts as they were required to resolve subsurface ownership issues. In the earliest days of the industry, this process began with the initial determination that it was possible to distinguish between the ownership of petroleum and natural gas within the same reservoir. The paper will examine the extension of this approach as novel issues arose in more recent times, including the ownership of evolved (or secondary associated) gas, coalbed methane and gas found in association with bitumen.
The bulk of the paper will discuss controversial recent changes instituted by the government of Alberta between 2007 and 2011. They deal with the clarification of resource rights, the direct removal of resource rights and the rate of return from the exploitation of resource rights. The recent actions of the Alberta government have been seen as a departure from the traditionally favourable legal and policy environment enjoyed by the energy industry. The paper will demonstrate that the controversial initiatives of the government do represent a break in the tradition that was followed between 1981 in 2007, but they are consistent with the attitude of the provincial government over the long term.
The paper will provide guidance on the existing state of law in Alberta and some of the legal and policy consequences of the recent government actions. It will examine the reasons for the changed approach adopted by the government over the last four years with parallels to the period of rising energy prices that occurred between 1971 and 2001.
Identification projective et psychanalyse de la famille
Authors: Rissone Anna 
Published: November 2011

Résumé « Identification projective et psychanalyse de la famille. » L’auteur propose une réflexion sur le concept d’identification projective et met en lumière ses fonctions de communication et de défense dans les relations intersubjectives et dans les relations trans-générationnelles ; en outre elle souligne l’importance de l’induction comportementale de la part du patient et de l’enactment de la part de l’analyste. Ces éléments sont illustrés à travers le matériel clinique. L’auteur montre comment des fantasmes non élaborés des parents sont projetés dans leurs enfants et, une fois incorporés, deviennent des objets non pensables et non élaborables. Elle met aussi en évidence que le travail psychanalytique avec toute la famille permet de repérer ces éléments bruts dans les séances et de favoriser la reprise du développement psychique des enfants et la transformation des relations familiales.
Les droits du candidat à l'élection présidentielle
Authors: Mastor Wanda 
Published: November 2011

Résumé Être candidat à la présidence de la République induit-il des droits particuliers ? Tant la période précédant la campagne proprement dite que la campagne elle-même révèlent les nombreux obstacles que doit franchir le candidat virtuel devenu candidat officiel. Le filtrage des candidatures, l’encadrement des règles relatives au financement de la campagne et à la propagande constituent plutôt un faisceau d’obligations qui entravent le plein épanouissement d’une candidature. Le talent ne suffit pas, et les candidats à la présidence doivent exercer leurs droits à l’intérieur du cercle dessiné par les autorités normatives françaises : celui qui exclut tout ce qui pourrait nuire aux objectifs de transparence, d’équité et de lutte contre la corruption.
Les candidats et l'argent
Authors: Camby Jean-Pierre 
Published: November 2011

Résumé La réglementation du financement des campagnes électorales, adaptée à l’élection présidentielle, en prévoyant un large remboursement des dépenses des candidats, le plafonnement des dépenses, le contrôle des recettes et une transparence des comptes de campagne, a pour objectif d’assurer l’égalité entre les concurrents. Mais le décalage entre ce cadre légal et la réalité des campagnes électorales demeure : les stratégies dans la recherche de financements sont un élément de la compétition électorale, et peuvent même devenir des arguments politiques.
Fluorinated Zinc Phthalocyanine as Donor for Efficient Vacuum‐Deposited Organic Solar Cells
Authors: Meiss Jan , Merten Andre , Hein Moritz , Schuenemann Christoph , Schäfer Stefan , Tietze Max , Uhrich Christian , Pfeiffer Martin , Leo Karl , Riede Moritz 
Published: November 2011

AbstractEfficient single bulk heterojunction organic solar cells based on blends of a fluorinated zinc phthalocyanine as electron donor and fullerene C60 as electron acceptor are reported. In comparison to the commonly used absorber zinc phthalocyanine, the fluorination of the molecule to F4ZnPc leads to an increase in ionisation potential and subsequently to an improvement of about 170 mV in the open circuit voltage of organic solar cells, while the short circuit current density and fill factor remain nearly unchanged. Similar to ZnPc:C60‐based devices, the device characteristics of F4ZnPc:C60 solar cells can be further enhanced by improving the blend layer morphology by substrate heating during deposition. F4ZnPc is an efficient donor material that can achieve a 4.6% power conversion efficiency in single heterojunction organic solar cells.
Mechanical Properties of Poly(vinylidene fluoride) Nanofiber Filaments Prepared by Electrospinning and Twisting
Authors: Nakashima Ryu , Watanabe Kei , Lee Yujin , Kim Byoung‐Suhk , Kim Ick‐Soo 
Published: November 2011

AbstractIn this study, we propose a novel method for preparing a continuous filament using electrospinning and twisting methods to improve the mechanical properties of nonwoven poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) nanofibers. The morphologies of the nonwoven nanofiber membranes and the corresponding nanofiber filaments were investigated by scanning electron microscopy. The mechanical properties and crystal structure of both the nanofiber membranes and the nanofiber filaments were investigated by using a universal testing machine and wide‐angle X‐ray diffraction (WAXD), respectively. We found that the tensile strength and Young's modulus of nanofiber filaments were dramatically improved by increasing either the number of twists of the nanofibers or the width of nanofiber membranes, compared with nonwoven PVDF nanofibers. WAXD analysis indicated that the crystalline transformation from β‐phase to α‐phase occurred by the shear force driven by repeated twisting. It was concluded that both the crystalline structures of fibers and the fiber morphologies played a crucial role in the mechanical properties of the resultant nanofiber filaments. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Adv Polym Techn 32: E44–E52, 2013; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/adv.20268
Ähnlichkeiten und Unterschiede innerhalb der “relativistischen” Triade Gold, Platin und Quecksilber in der Katalyse
Authors: Leyva‐Pérez Antonio , Corma Avelino 
Published: November 2011

AbstractRelativistische Effekte in der Valenzschale der chemischen Elemente treten innerhalb der Triade Pt–Au–Hg am stärksten hervor, und sie bestimmen die katalytische Aktivität von Komplexen dieser Elemente in organischen Reaktionen. Wir vergleichen in diesem Aufsatz die katalytische Aktivität von Pt‐, Au‐ und Hg‐Verbindungen in repräsentativen Reaktionen und diskutieren die jeweiligen Vor‐ und Nachteile, auch mit Blick auf Eigenschaften wie Giftigkeit, Preis und Verfügbarkeit. In den betrachteten Reaktionen sind Gold‐Katalysatoren im Allgemeinen aktiver als Quecksilber‐ oder Platin‐Katalysatoren.
Identification of novel neutralizing single‐chain antibodies against vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2
Authors: Erdag Berrin , Koray Balcioglu B. , Ozdemir Bahadir Aylin , Serhatli Muge , Kacar Omer , Bahar Aydin , Seker Urartu O. S. , Akgun Emel , Ozkan Abdulkadir , Kilic Turker , Tamerler Candan , Baysal Kemal 
Published: November 2011

AbstractHuman vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and its receptor (VEGFR‐2/kinase domain receptor [KDR]) play a crucial role in angiogenesis, which makes the VEGFR‐2 signaling pathway a major target for therapeutic applications. In this study, a single‐chain antibody phage display library was constructed from spleen cells of mice immunized with recombinant human soluble extracellular VEGFR‐2/KDR consisting of all seven extracellular domains (sKDR D1–7) to obtain antibodies that block VEGF binding to VEGFR‐2. Two specific single‐chain antibodies (KDR1.3 and KDR2.6) that recognized human VEGFR‐2 were selected; diversity analysis of the clones was performed by BstNI fingerprinting and nucleotide sequencing. The single‐chain variable fragments (scFvs) were expressed in soluble form and specificity of interactions between affinity purified scFvs and VEGFR‐2 was confirmed by ELISA. Binding of the recombinant antibodies for VEGFR‐2 receptors was investigated by surface plasmon resonance spectroscopy. In vitro cell culture assays showed that KDR1.3 and KDR2.6 scFvs significantly suppressed the mitogenic response of human umbilical vein endothelial cells to recombinant human VEGF165 in a dose‐dependent manner, and reduced VEGF‐dependent cell proliferation by 60% and 40%, respectively. In vivo analysis of these recombinant antibodies in a rat cornea angiogenesis model revealed that both antibodies suppressed the development of new corneal vessels (p < 0.05). Overall, in vitro and in vivo results disclose strong interactions of KDR1.3 and KDR2.6 scFvs with VEGFR‐2. These findings indicate that KDR1.3 and KDR2.6 scFvs are promising antiangiogenic therapeutic agents.
Multilayer thin films of colloidal gold and silica nanoparticles: Effect of polyelectrolyte coating
Authors: Khan Zaheer Abbas , Kumar Rachana , Dutta Joydeep 
Published: November 2011

AbstractThe use of oppositely charged colloidal nanoparticles to build multilayered structures is an approach in thin film science. In this work, uniform spherical nano‐dispersions of gold (ca. 20 nm) and silica (ca. 30 nm) were synthesised with specific volume concentration to achieve colloidal stability. Exploiting the use of self‐assembly, multilayers of these oppositely charged nanoparticles were built using alternate coating with chitosan. Gold nanoparticles have strong optical absorption in visible region of electromagnetic spectrum resulting from its surface plasmon resonance. Silica nanoparticles have low refractive index and absorb light mostly in the ultraviolet (UV) region. The optical absorption band of the fabricated thin films extends from UV to visible region of the electromagnetic spectrum. The spectral characteristics of these thin‐film assemblies are a combination of thickness and the order of the layers in a stack. These films have potential applications as optical elements and in optoelectronics. © 2011 Canadian Society for Chemical Engineering
Prolonged impact of chemotherapy on fatigue in breast cancer survivors
Authors: Goedendorp Martine M. , Andrykowski Michael A. , Donovan Kristine A. , Jim Heather S. , Phillips Kristin M. , Small Brent J. , Laronga Christine , Jacobsen Paul B. 
Published: November 2011

AbstractBACKGROUND:In this study, the authors examined the influence of prior treatment on the course of fatigue in breast cancer survivors. Patients who received chemotherapy were expected to have greater fatigue than patients who received radiotherapy and noncancer controls 6 months after the completion of treatment, but they were expected to recover to levels similar to those of the other 2 groups 3 years later.METHODS:Patients with stage 0 through II breast cancer completed the Fatigue Symptom Inventory (FSI) and the Profile of Mood States Fatigue Scale (POMS‐FAT) 6 months (T1) and 42 months (T2) after completing chemotherapy with or without radiotherapy (the CT group; n = 103) or radiotherapy only (the RT group; n = 102). An age‐matched group of women with no history of cancer (the NC group; n = 193) was assessed over a similar interval.RESULTS:A significant (P = .041) group × time effect for FSI severity scores revealed that fatigue worsened over time in the CT group but remained stable and lower in the RT and NC groups. There also were significant group effects for FSI days (P < .001) and POMS‐FAT (P = .010) scores, indicating that fatigue was significantly greater across time in the CT group than in the NC group (POMS‐FAT) or the RT and NC groups (FSI days).CONCLUSIONS:Contrary to expectations, fatigue did not diminish over time in patients with breast cancer who received chemotherapy. This finding has important implications for patient education and for fatigue monitoring during follow‐up. The authors concluded that future research should seek to examine possible mechanisms to explain the apparent prolonged impact of chemotherapy on fatigue in breast cancer survivors. Cancer 2012. © 2011 American Cancer Society.