bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The role of the neuropeptides PACAP and VIP in the photic regulation of gene expression in the suprachiasmatic nucleus
Authors: Dragich Joanna M. , Loh Dawn H. , Wang Louisa M. , Vosko Andrew M. , Kudo Takashi , Nakamura Takahiro J. , Odom Irene H. , Tateyama Sei , Hagopian Arkady , Waschek James A. , Colwell Christopher S. 
Published: February 2010

AbstractPreviously, we have shown that mice deficient in either vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) or pituitary adenylate cyclase‐activating polypeptide (PACAP) exhibit specific deficits in the behavioral response of their circadian system to light. In this study, we investigated how the photic regulation of the molecular clock within the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) is altered by the loss of these closely‐related peptides. During the subjective night, the magnitude of the light‐induction of FOS and phosphorylated mitogen‐activated protein kinase (p‐MAPK) immunoreactive cells within the SCN was significantly reduced in both VIP‐ and PACAP‐deficient mice when compared with wild‐type mice. The photic induction of the clock genePeriod1(Per1) in the SCN was reduced in the VIP‐ but not in the PACAP‐deficient mice. Baselines levels of FOS, p‐MAPK orPer1in the night were not altered by the loss of these peptides. In contrast, during the subjective day, light exposure increased the levels of FOS, p‐MAPK andPer1in the SCN of VIP‐deficient mice, but not in the other genotypes. During this phase, baseline levels of these markers were reduced in the VIP‐deficient mice compared with untreated controls. Finally, the loss of either neuropeptide reduced the magnitude of the light‐evoked increase inPer1levels in the adrenals in the subjective night without any change in baseline levels. In summary, our results indicate that both VIP and PACAP regulate the responsiveness of cells within the SCN to the effects of light. Furthermore, VIP, but not PACAP, is required for the appropriate temporal gating of light‐induced gene expression within the SCN.
Circadian entrainment to light–dark cycles involves extracellular nitric oxide communication within the suprachiasmatic nuclei
Authors: Plano Santiago A. , Golombek Diego A. , Chiesa Juan J. 
Published: February 2010

AbstractThe ability to synchronize to light–dark (LD) cycles is an essential property of the circadian clock, located in mammals within the hypothalamic suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCN). Single light pulses activate nitric oxide (NO) intracellular signaling, leading to circadian phase‐shifts required for synchronization. In addition, extracellular NO has a role in the SCN paracrine communication of photic phase advances. In this work, the extracellular nitrergic transmission was assessed in steady‐state synchronization to LD cycles of locomotor rhythms in the golden hamster (Mesocricetus auratus). Extracellular NO levels were pharmacologically decreased in vivo with the specific scavenger, 2‐phenyl‐4,4,5,5‐tetramethylimidazoline‐1‐oxyl 3‐oxide (PTIO). Hamsters were subjected to LD cycles different from normal 24 h (LD 14 : 10) cycles (i.e. T‐cycles), with a single 30‐min light pulse presented either every 23 h (T23 cycles), or every 25 h (T25 cycles), thus allowing synchronization by advances or delays, respectively. Acute PTIO intracerebroventricular microinjections, delivered 30 min previous to the light pulse, inhibited synchronization by phase advances to T23 cycles, but did not alter phase delays under T25 cycles. In addition, NO scavenging inhibited light‐induced expression of PERIOD1 protein at circadian time 18 (i.e. the time for light‐induced phase advances). These findings demonstrate the role of extracellular NO communication within the SCN in the steady‐state synchronization to LD cycles.
Ungual seborrheic keratosis
Authors: Bon‐Mardion M , Poulalhon N , Balme B , Thomas L 
Published: February 2010

AbstractBackground/Objectives  Seborrheic keratoses are ubiquitous benign epithelial skin tumours. A number of unusual locations have already been reported. We report herein the case of a seborrheic keratosis of the nail bed with typical histological features.Methods/Results  A 58‐year‐old man presented with a 1‐year‐history of longitudinal leukoxanthonychia of the right hallux. Surgical treatment was performed. The diagnosis of typical seborrheic keratosis of the nail bed was made on histological examination.Conclusion  To our knowledge, this is the first report of a typical, histologically documented seborrheic keratosis of the nail bed. Therefore, this condition should be added to the differential diagnosis of acquired longitudinal leukoxanthonychia. However, surgical treatment remains necessary to rule out other causes, including squamous cell carcinoma.
Treatment of Thyrotoxic Crisis With Plasmapheresis and Single Pass Albumin Dialysis: A Case Report
Authors: Koball Sebastian , Hickstein Heiko , Gloger Martin , Hinz Michael , Henschel Jörg , Stange Jan , Mitzner Steffen 
Published: February 2010

AbstractThyrotoxic crisis (thyroid storm) is a life‐threatening condition. Standard therapy is based on thiamazole, prednisolone, and nonselective beta‐blockers. Extracorporeal plasmapheresis is an additional tool for removing circulating thyroxine in patients who do not respond quickly to conventional standard therapy. As thyroxine can be bound by albumin, the aims of the present therapy report were to investigate the potential of extracorporeal single‐pass albumin dialysis (SPAD) to remove thyroid hormones and to compare it with plasmapheresis. A 68‐year‐old female with thyrotoxic crisis refractory to conventional therapy underwent two sessions of plasmapheresis without clinical response. For the treatment dose to be increased, the patient was then treated with a modified continuous veno‐venous hemodialysis with a dialysate containing 4% of human serum albumin (SPAD) intended to bind and remove thyroxines continuously. In total, the patient received three sessions of plasmapheresis and four SPAD treatments. Thyroxine levels were detected in the patient and in exchanged plasma or albumin dialysate, respectively, to calculate the amount removed. The main finding was that SPAD treatments were tolerated well by the patient. Due to continuous approach, SPAD sessions removed more thyroid hormone than plasmapheresis did, resulting in the improvement of the clinical status of the patient (reduction of heart rate and catecholamine dosage), which enabled bridging the patient to thyroidectomy as the ultimate surgical treatment. This is the first clinical report of the use of albumin dialysis in thyroid storm. SPAD represents a safe and efficient alternative to plasmapheresis as it can be performed continuously in this critical condition.
Alternatives for Reducing the Environmental Impact of the Main Residue From a Desalination Plant
Authors: Meneses Montse , Pasqualino Jorgelina C. , Céspedes‐Sánchez Raquel , Castells Francesc 
Published: February 2010

SummaryOne of the most important problems today is the scarcity of fresh water safe enough for human, industrial, and agricultural use. Desalination is an alternative source of fresh water supply in areas with severe problems of water availability. Desalination plants generate a huge amount of brine as the main residual from the plant (about 55% of collected seawater). Because of that, it is important to determine the best environmental option for the brine disposal.This article makes a global environmental analysis, under Spanish conditions, of a desalination plant and an environmental assessment of different final brine disposals, representing a range of the most common alternatives: direct disposal, wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) outflow dilution, and dilution with seawater. The environmental profile of the plant operation and a comparison of the brine final disposal alternatives were established by means of the life cycle assessment (LCA) methodology. From an analysis of the whole plant we observed that the highest environmental impact was caused by energy consumption, especially at the reverse osmosis stage, while the most relevant waste was brine. From an analysis of brine final disposal we have elaborated a comparison of the advantages and detriments of the three alternatives. As all of them might be suitable in different specific situations, the results might be useful in decisions about final brine disposal.
An Easy Technique to Obtain Articulated Casts Using the Palate for the Interocclusal Record
Authors: Rodrigues Dalton Matos , Fernandes Flávio Henrique Carriço Nogueira , Orsi Iara Augusta , Bezzon Osvaldo Luiz 
Published: February 2010

AbstractThis article describes a highly efficient technique to obtain articulated casts. Interocclusal recording is carried out using the palate as an area of registration without having to remove or section provisional prostheses while also maintaining the established vertical dimension.
Skin wound healing in MMP2‐deficient and MMP2 / Plasminogen double‐deficient mice
Authors: Frøssing Signe , Rønø Birgitte , Hald Andreas , Rømer John , Lund Leif R. 
Published: February 2010

Please cite this paper as: Skin wound healing in MMP2‐deficient and MMP2/Plasminogen double‐deficient mice. Experimental Dermatology 2010; 19: e234–e240.Abstract:  During healing of incisional skin wounds, migrating keratinocytes dissect their way under the crust to re‐epithelialize the wounded area. The efficiency of this tissue remodelling process depends on the concomitant activity of several extracellular proteases, including members of the plasminogen activation (PA) system and the matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) family. Treatment with the broad spectrum MMP inhibitor, galardin, delays wound healing in wildtype mice and completely arrest wound healing in plasminogen (Plg)‐deficient mice, indicating a functional overlap between plasmin‐ and galardin‐sensitive MMPs during wound healing. To address whether MMP2 is accountable for the galardin‐induced healing deficiency in wildtype and Plg‐deficient mice, incisional skin wounds were generated in MMP2 single‐deficient mice and in MMP2/Plg double‐deficient mice and followed until healed. Alternatively, tissue was isolated 7 days post wounding for histological and biochemical analyses. No difference was found in the time from wounding to overt gross restoration of the epidermal surface between MMP2‐deficient and wildtype control littermate mice. MMP2/Plg double‐deficient mice were viable and fertile, and displayed an unchallenged general phenotype resembling that of Plg‐deficient mice, including development of rectal prolapses. MMP2/Plg double‐deficient mice displayed a slight increase in the wound length throughout the healing period compared with Plg‐deficient mice. However, the overall time to complete healing was not significantly different between Plg‐deficient and MMP2/Plg double‐deficient mice. These results show that MMP2 activity is not essential for wound healing and indicate that lack of MMP2 only marginally potentiates the effect of Plg deficiency.
ORIGINAL ARTICLE: Activation of the Alternative Pathway of Complement is a Feature of Pre‐Term Parturition but not of Spontaneous Labor at Term
Authors: Vaisbuch Edi , Romero Roberto , Erez Offer , Mazaki‐Tovi Shali , Kusanovic Juan Pedro , Soto Eleazar , Dong Zhong , Chaiworapongsa Tinnakorn , Kim Sun Kwon , Ogge Giovanna , Pacora Percy , Yeo Lami , Hassan Sonia S. 
Published: February 2010

Citation Vaisbuch E, Romero R, Erez O, Mazaki‐Tovi S, Kusanovic JP, Soto E, Dong Z, Chaiworapongsa T, Kim SK, Ogge G, Pacora P, Yeo L, Hassan SS. Activation of the alternative pathway of complement is a feature of pre‐term parturition but not of spontaneous labor at term. Am J Reprod Immunol 2010; 63: 318–330Problem  Plasma concentrations of fragment Bb (FBb) are a marker for activation of the alternative pathway of the complement system. High concentrations of FBb in maternal blood, as early as the first trimester, are associated with subsequent spontaneous pre‐term delivery <34 weeks of gestation. The aim of this study was to determine whether spontaneous pre‐term labor (PTL) with intact membranes, intra‐amniotic infection/inflammation (IAI) or labor at term are associated with alterations in circulating maternal FBb concentrations.Method of study  This cross‐sectional study included women in the following groups: (i) non‐pregnant (n = 40); (ii) normal pregnancy (gestational age range 20–36, 6/7 weeks, n = 63); (iii) women at term not in labor (n = 70); (iv) women at term in spontaneous labor (n = 59); (v) patients with an episode of PTL who delivered at term (n = 62); (vi) PTL without IAI who delivered pre‐term (n = 30); and (vii) PTL with IAI who delivered pre‐term (n = 67). Maternal plasma FBb concentrations were determined by ELISA.Results  (i) Among patients with PTL, those who had a pre‐term delivery either with IAI (1.21 μg/mL, IQR 0.77–2.16) or without IAI (1.13 μg/mL, IQR 0.92–2.08) had a higher median maternal plasma FBb concentration than those who delivered at term (0.86 μg/mL, IQR 0.64–1.57; P = 0.007 and P = 0.026, respectively); (ii) there was no difference in the median plasma FBb concentration between patients with and without IAI who delivered pre‐term (P = 0.9); (iii) in contrast, spontaneous labor at term was not associated with a significant change in the maternal plasma FBb concentration (P = 0.8); (iv) maternal plasma concentration of FBb did not differ significantly between normal pregnant women and the non‐pregnant controls (P = 0.8) and were not correlated with advancing gestational age (r = −0.28, P = 0.8).Conclusion  (i) Pre‐term parturition is associated with activation of the alternative complement pathway in maternal circulation; (ii) such activation is not detectable in spontaneous labor at term; (iii) IAI does not explain the activation of the alternative pathway of complement in PTL. Collectively, these observations suggest that pre‐term and term labors have fundamental differences in the regulation of innate immunity.
Effects of increasing days of exposure to prepartum transition diets on reproduction and health in dairy cows
Authors: DeGaris PJ , Lean IJ , Rabiee AR , Heuer C 
Published: February 2010

Objective To evaluate the effect of the number of days exposure to a prepartum transition diet on reproduction and health in dairy cows.Design A prospective cohort study.Procedures We enrolled 1008 dairy cows from three herds to examine the effects on reproduction and health of increased days exposure to prepartum transition diets that included ryegrass pasture, ryegrass silage, cereal hay, grain, by‐products, oilseed meals, BioChlor®, rumen modifiers, minerals and vitamins. Diets provided 9.9 MJ metabolisable energy per kg dry matter (DM), a metabolisable protein balance of 286 g/day and a dietary cation anion difference of −150 meq/kg DM. Statistical models controlled for herd, calving day, age and gestation period.Results In two of the three herds increased days exposure to prepartum transition diets increased the hazards of submission for breeding, conception and clinical mastitis, and decreased the hazard of cow removal. The odds of pregnancy by 6 and 21 weeks after the mating start date tended to increase with increasing days of exposure to prepartum transition diets.Conclusions Increasing exposure to a prepartum transition diet improved the calving to conception interval, tended to improve the odds of pregnancy and reduced the risk of culling of cattle, but increased the hazard of clinical mastitis.
Systematic review on the compatibility of Shuanghuanglian injection combined with western medical injections
Authors: Zhang Junhua , Shang Hongcai , Zheng Wenke , Hu Jing , Xu Hongjuan , Wang Hui , Zhang Li , Ren Ming , Zhang Boli 
Published: February 2010

Abstract Objectives Shuanghuanglian injection (SHLI) is a typical Chinese herbal injection which has been used for more than 20 years. This study aims to investigate the compatibility of SHLI with western intravenous agents. Methods An extensive literature search was executed to identify all experimental tests and clinical reports on the topics. Data on the types of infusion solutions and western medical injections, usage and dosage, outcome measures for physical and chemical properties, and changes of drug effect were searched for. The included data was analyzed and described by the category of included western drugs. Compatibility was tested through integrating the evaluations of physical properties, chemical composition, drug metabolism, and safety. Results Sixty articles (38 experimental tests and 22 clinical reports) were included after screening. Fifty–three western medical injections were identified from all the included articles. Most of the research was about the compatibility of SHLI with different types of antibiotics, including β‐lactam, aminoglycoside, and quinolone etc. Thirty‐one western medical injections were not recommended to be combined with SHLI. The quality of the experimental test design was low because of unbalanced evaluation indicators: more attention to physical changes than drug metabolism, effect, and safety. Conclusions A broad incompatibility existed in the combination of SHLI with western medical injections. Some results were still uncertain, but the combinations should still be avoided until researched clearly. The compatibility and interaction of Chinese herbal injections and western medicines is still a weak area. The pharmaceutical sector should strengthen post‐market research to update evidence and improve its distribution.
Toxicants Exposures as Novel Zoonoses: Reflections on Sustainable Development, Food Safety and Veterinary Public Health
Authors: Frazzoli C. , Mantovani A. 
Published: February 2010

SummaryThe modern concept of zoonosis considers any detriment to the health and/or quality of human life resulting from relationships with (other) vertebrate or edible or toxic invertebrate animals. Whereas exposure to toxicants through foods of animal origin (a.o.) is a well‐established issue, hereby we discuss it as novel zoonoses, from the standpoints of health implications as well as similarities and differences with classical zoonoses caused by biological agents. Novel toxicant‐related zoonoses are linked with new issues in food safety, such as the environment‐feed‐food chain. In fact, the potential effect of the combined and repeated exposure to dietary toxicants is generally long‐term and not readily discernible. Endocrine disrupting chemicals in staple foods of a.o. are discussed as a telling example of a food safety issue summing up critical points covered by the definition of sustainable development, also implicating health risks for generations to come. We suggest some critical points to implement the veterinary public health action in sustainable food safety, such as enhancement of Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points systems for toxicological risk management.
Diagnosis of Bovine‐Associated Parapoxvirus Infections in Humans: Molecular and Epidemiological Evidence
Authors: MacNeil A. , Lederman E. , Reynolds M. G. , Ragade N. J. , Talken R. , Friedman D. , Hall W. , Shwe T. , Li Y. , Zhao H. , Smith S. , Davidson W. , Hughes C. , Damon I. K. 
Published: February 2010

SummaryOrf virus, pseudocowpox virus and bovine papular stomatitis virus, are parapoxviruses, associated with domestic ruminants, which are capable of causing cutaneous infections in humans. Owing to virtually identical appearances in humans, clinical differentiation of these viruses is difficult. We discuss three recent occurrences of parapoxvirus infection, involving contact with domestic bovine and use a combination of molecular and epidemiological data in the diagnosis. These cases underscore the utility of modern diagnostic tools, along with species‐specific contact information in acquiring a definitive diagnosis, in the case of suspected parapoxvirus infection.
Tularaemia in Minnesota: Case Report and Brief Epidemiology
Authors: Scheftel J. M. , Griffith J. M. , Leppke B. A. , Pantlin G. C. , Snippes P. M. , Wünschmann A. 
Published: February 2010

SummaryThe 2008 case presented here of tularaemia in a cat and its owner occurred in an urban setting and was associated with animal contact, a relatively rare mode of transmission in Minnesota in recent years. Response to this case exemplified a ‘One Health’ approach involving pre‐existing relationships, cooperation between multiple disciplines and laboratory infrastructure that facilitated information sharing.
Evaluation of Standard Chemotherapy in the Guinea Pig Model of Tuberculosis
Authors: Ordway Diane J. , Shanley Crystal A. , Caraway Megan L. , Orme Eileen A. , Bucy Daniel S. , Hascall-Dove Laurel , Henao-Tamayo Marcela , Harton Marisa R. , Shang Shaobin , Ackart David , Kraft Susan L. , Lenaerts Anne J. , Basaraba Randall J. , Orme Ian M. 
Published: February 2010

ABSTRACT

The purpose of this study was 2-fold. First, we evaluated standard chemotherapy in the guinea pig model of tuberculosis to determine if this animal species could productively be used for this purpose. Second, given the similarities of the pathology of disease in guinea pigs and humans, we wished to evaluate additional parameters, including magnetic resonance imaging, microscopy, and cytokine expression and lymphocyte phenotypes, in response to an infection treated with drug therapy. This study shows that conventional rifampin-isoniazid-pyrazinamide chemotherapy significantly decreased the numbers of the highly virulent Erdman K01 strain of
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
, with most of the bacilli being eliminated in a month. Despite this result, bacteria could still be detected in the lungs and other tissues for at least another 3 to 4 months. Resolution of the nonnecrotic granulomas in the lungs and lymph nodes could be clearly visualized by magnetic resonance imaging at the macroscopic level. Microscopically, the majority of the pulmonary and extrapulmonary inflammation resolved spontaneously, leaving residual lesions composed of dystrophic calcification and fibrosis marking the site of necrosis of the primary lesion. Residual calcified lesions, which were also associated with pulmonary lymphangitis, contained acid-fast bacilli even following aggressive chemotherapy. The presence of intact extracellular bacilli within these lesions suggests that these could serve as the primary sites of disease reactivation. The chemotherapy reduced the level of T-cell influx into infected tissues and was accompanied by a large and sustained increase in TH1 cytokine expression. Chemotherapy also prevented the emergence in lung tissues of high levels of interleukin-10 and Foxp3-positive cells, known markers of regulatory T cells.
Efflux Pumps Are Involved in the Defense of Gram-Negative Bacteria against the Natural Products Isobavachalcone and Diospyrone
Authors: Kuete Victor , Ngameni Bathélémy , Tangmouo Jean G. , Bolla Jean-Michel , Alibert-Franco Sandrine , Ngadjui Bonaventure T. , Pagès Jean-Marie 
Published: February 2010

ABSTRACT
The activities of two naturally occurring compounds, isobavachalcone and diospyrone, against documented strains and multidrug-resistant (MDR) Gram-negative bacterial isolates were evaluated. The results indicated that the two compounds exhibited intrinsic antibacterial activity against several Gram-negative bacteria, and their activities were significantly improved in the presence of an efflux pump inhibitor (MIC values decreased to below 10 μg/ml). In addition, the activities of isobavachalcone and diospyrone against various strains exhibiting deletions of the major efflux pump components (AcrAB, TolC) were significantly increased. The overall results indicate that isobavachalcone and diospyrone could be candidates for the development of new drugs against MDR strains and that their use in combination with efflux pump inhibitors reinforces their activity.