bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Significance of Simpson grading system in modern meningioma surgery: integration of the grade with MIB-1 labeling index as a key to predict the recurrence of WHO Grade I meningiomas
Authors: Oya Soichi , Kawai Kensuke , Nakatomi Hirofumi , Saito Nobuhito 
Published: May 2012

Object
Techniques for the surgical treatment of meningioma have undergone many improvements since Simpson established the neurosurgical dogma for meningioma surgery in his seminal paper published in 1957. This study aims to assess the clinical significance and limitations of the Simpson grading system in relation to modern surgery for WHO Grade I benign meningiomas and to explore the potential of the cell proliferation index to complement the limitations in predicting their recurrence.

Methods
The surgical records of patients who underwent resection of intracranial meningiomas at the University of Tokyo Hospital between January 1995 and August 2010 were retrospectively analyzed. The authors investigated the relationships between recurrence-free survival (RFS) and Simpson grade or MIB-1 labeling index value.

Results
A total of 240 patients harboring 248 benign meningiomas were included in this study. Simpson Grade IV resection was associated with a significantly shorter RFS than Simpson Grade I, II, or III resection (p < 0.001), while no statistically significant difference was noted in RFS between Simpson Grades I, II, and III. Among meningiomas treated by Simpson Grade II and III resections, however, multivariate analysis revealed that an MIB-1 index of 3% or higher was associated with a significantly shorter time to recurrence.

Conclusions
The clinical significance of the different management strategies related to Simpson Grade I–III resection may have been diluted in the modern surgical era. The MIB-1 index can differentiate tumors with a high risk of recurrence, which could be beneficial for planning tailored optimal follow-up strategies. The results of this study appear to provide a significant backing for the recent shift in meningioma surgery from attempting aggressive resection to valuing the quality of the patient's life.
Failure strength of lumbar spinous processes loaded in a tension band model
Authors: Golish S. Raymond , Fielding Louie , Agarwal Vijay , Buckley Jenni , Alamin Todd F. 
Published: May 2012

Object
There has been increasing interest in spinous process tension band devices, as distinct from spinous process spacers and plates. The purpose of this study was to load spinous processes caudally at L-4 and cranially at L-5 parallel to the long axis of the spine in a biomechanical model of tension band loading. The goal was to provide normative data for the design of a spinous process tension band device after varying degrees of surgical decompression and across varying bone mineral densities (BMDs).

Methods
Fresh-frozen L4–5 lumbar vertebrae pairs were divided into 3 surgical groups: intact, midline-sparing decompression (laminotomy and medial facetectomy), and midline decompression with foraminotomy (one-half of spinous process resected, laminotomy, and medial facetectomy). After decompression, specimens were disarticulated into isolated L-4 and L-5 vertebrae. Each vertebra was loaded to failure in a caudal (L-4) or cranial (L-5) direction parallel to the long axis of the spine via a 6-mm-wide strap looped around the spinous process. Failure strength and mode were recorded.

Results
Seventeen L-4 and L-5 lumbar vertebrae were tested from 17 cadavers. There were 10 male (59%) and 7 female (41%) cadavers, with a mean age of 66.6 ± 16.5 years (range 41–100 years) and a mean BMD of 1 ± 0.23 g/cm2 (range 0.66–1.34 g/cm2); the mean is expressed ± SD throughout. For data analysis, specimens were grouped into those with no or midline-sparing decompression (Group 1: 11 of 17) and those with midline decompression (Group 2: 6 of 17). At L-4, the mean failure strength for Group 1 was 453 ± 162 N, and for Group 2 it was 264 ± 99 N (p = 0.02; Cohen's d = 1.4). At L-5, the mean failure strength for Group 1 was 517 ± 190 N, and for Group 2 it was 269 ± 184 N (p = 0.02; Cohen's d = 1.3). There was no significant difference in failure strength between the intact and midline-sparing decompression groups at L-4 (p = 0.91) or L-5 (p = 0.41).

Conclusions
Across specimens with a wide range of BMDs, midline-sparing decompression was not found to decrease the mean failure strength of the L-4 and L-5 spinous processes (453 and 517 N, respectively), whereas midline surgical decompression decreased the failure strength of these processes (264 and 269 N, respectively) in a biomechanical model of tension band loading relevant to the design of a tension band device.
Utility of VasoCT in the treatment of intracranial aneurysm with flow-diverter stents
Authors: Kizilkilic Osman , Kocer Naci , Metaxas George Emmanuel , Babic Drazenko , Homan Robert , Islak Civan 
Published: May 2012

Object
The small size and tortuous anatomy of intracranial arteries require that flow-diverter stents in the intracranial vasculature have a low profile, high flexibility, and excellent trackability. However, these features limit the degree of radiopacity that can be incorporated into the stents. Visualization of these stents and the degree of stent deployment using conventional radiographic techniques is suboptimal. To overcome this drawback, the authors used a new combined angiography/CT suite that uses flat-panel detector technology for higher resolution angiography.

Methods
The authors present their preliminary experience in the imaging of flow-diverter stents in 31 patients in whom VasoCT was used with a new flat-panel detector angiographic system.

Results
Intraarterial VasoCT was performed after flow-diverter stent deployment in all cases. In 4 of these cases, balloon angioplasty or telescopic stent deployment–related decisions were made after checking VasoCT images.
At 3- and 6-month follow-up in 27 patients, digital subtraction angiography was performed in 12 patients and intravenous VasoCT in 11 patients. Twenty-three of 31 patients had their aneurysm occluded during short-term follow-up, and 4 of the 31 patients still had minimal residual filling of the aneurysms. None of the 27 patients had stenosis of the parent artery.

Conclusions
The authors found that VasoCT provides clear visualization of flow-diverter stents. The images obtained both intraarterially and intravenously are very promising. The initial results provide a high confidence and reproducibility rate for further utilization of this new technique.
Flow diverters failing to occlude experimental bifurcation or curved sidewall aneurysms: an in vivo study in canines
Authors: Darsaut Tim E. , Bing Fabrice , Salazkin Igor , Gevry Guylaine , Raymond Jean 
Published: May 2012

Object
Flow diverters (FDs) are increasingly used to treat complex intracranial aneurysms, but preclinical studies that could guide clinical applications are lacking. The authors designed a modular aneurysm model in canines to address this problem.

Methods
Three variants of one modular aneurysm model were constructed in 21 animals. Sidewall (n = 5), curved sidewall (n = 5), and end-wall bifurcation (n = 7) aneurysms were treated with prototype 36-wire FDs. Four more end-wall bifurcation aneurysms were treated with prototype 48-wire lower-porosity FDs. Angiographic results postimplantation and at 3 months were scored with an ordinal scale. Animals were euthanized at 3 (n = 17) or 6 (n = 3) months, and the FD covering the aneurysm ostium was photographed to analyze metallic porosity and amount of neointima formation.

Results
Straight sidewall aneurysms were better occluded than curved sidewall and end-wall bifurcation aneurysms at the 3-month angiography follow-up (p = 0.010). Flow diverters failed to occlude curved sidewall aneurysms (n = 0/5) and all but one (n = 1/7) end-wall bifurcation aneurysm. Angiographic results were no better (n = 0/4) using a 48-wire FD (p = 0.788). Branches jailed by the FD (n = 16) remained patent in all cases. Metallic porosity was decreased (p = 0.014) and neointimal closure of the aneurysm ostium was more complete (p = 0.040) in sidewall aneurysms than in curved or bifurcation variants of the model.

Conclusions
Flow diverters may succeed in treating straight sidewall aneurysms, but the same device repeatedly fails to occlude curved sidewall and end-wall bifurcation aneurysms. In vivo studies can be designed to test basic principles that, once validated, may serve to guide clinical use of new devices.
Cystic dilation of the ventriculus terminalis
Authors: Ganau Mario , Talacchi Andrea , Cecchi Paolo C. , Ghimenton Claudio , Gerosa Massimo , Faccioli Franco 
Published: May 2012

Object
The ventriculus terminalis, an embryological remnant consisting of the ependymal-lined space of the conus medullaris, can occasionally become symptomatic after cystic dilation. In the existing literature, consisting of 32 cases, the preferred type of management (conservative vs surgical) is still debated. The object of this study was to report the surgical results in a consecutive series of 10 adult patients with cystic dilation of the ventriculus terminalis (CDVT), to match them with data retrieved from the relevant literature, and specifically to validate a new recent clinical classification.

Methods
The authors reported 13 new cases of CDVT treated in the Department of Neurosurgery at University Hospital in Verona, Italy. Treatment modalities and clinical and radiological outcomes, both early and at follow-up, were analyzed and compared with a preoperative classification of clinical presentation, as established by de Moura Batista and colleagues (2008).

Results
Surgical treatment seemed to guarantee the resolution of CDVT. Dorsolumbar laminotomy, myelotomy, and cystic drainage were performed in 10 patients. Patients with Type I symptoms (nonspecific complaints) often presented with comorbidities (herniated disc or facet hypertrophy) confusing their clinical status. The surgical treatment of patients with Type I symptoms promoted good results only if the diagnosis of CDVT was definitive and symptoms had rapidly evolved. In patients with Type II (focal neurological deficits) and III (sphincter disturbances) symptoms, surgical treatment sustained improvement even at the late follow-up.

Conclusions
While confirming the usefulness of de Moura Batista and colleagues' classification in its impact on prognosis, the authors propose a revision of the classification with subgroups Type Ia (nonspecific symptoms without clear relation to CDVT), which is best treated conservatively, and Type Ib (rapid onset and invalidating unspecific complaints without comorbidities), which may benefit from surgical evacuation.
Effects of larval host diameter on body size, adult density, and parasitism of cerambycid beetles
Authors: Reagel Peter F. , Smith Michael T. , Hanks Lawrence M. 
Published: May 2012

AbstractIn this study, we assessed the relationship between the size of bolts cut from pin oak trees, Quercus palustris Münchhausen (Fagaceae), and eastern white pines, Pinus strobus Linnaeus (Pinaceae), and the number and body size of cerambycid beetles (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) that develop within them. From oak bolts emerged adult Graphisurus fasciatus (De Geer) (98% of beetles) and Xylotrechus colonus (Fabricius), while pine bolts produced Monochamus carolinensis (Olivier) (95%) and Astylopsis sexguttata (Say). The number of G. fasciatus was positively correlated with the diameter of the oak bolts, while the greatest number of M. carolinensis emerged from pine bolts of intermediate diameter. Body size of both species was positively correlated with bolt diameter. Rates of parasitism were very low, only 0.9% for oaks, and averaging 5.3 ± 8.6% across pine bolts. Oak bolts yielded the braconid wasps (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) Wroughtonia ferruginea (Brues) and a species in the genus Atanycolus Förster (similar to Atanycoluscharus (Riley)), and an ichneumonid (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) in the genus Demopheles Förster. Pine bolts produced a braconid in the genus Digonogastra Viereck, and the tachinid fly (Diptera: Tachinidae) Billaea monohammi (Townsend).
The Relationship between Organizational Learning Capability and Job Satisfaction
Authors: Jolodar Seyyed Yaser Ebrahimian , Jolodar Seyyed Rohollah Ebrahimian 
Published: May 2012

The effectiveness and productivity of an organization depends on its staff and if they don’t be satisfied from their job, continues of living for such organization is impossible. One of the important factors which influence on job satisfaction, is an organizational learning capability (OLC). So, the purpose of this paper is to analyze the relationship between organizational learning capability and its dimensions (experimentation, risk taking, interaction with the external environment, dialogue and participative decision making) with job satisfaction. The population of this study was the employees of Tejarat Bank in Sari city, Iran and the sample number became 103. The data of job satisfaction gathered by a single item of Chiva and Alegre’s (2008(questionnaire and for gathering the data of organizational learning capability, we used Chiva et al.’s (2007) OLC measurement instrument. For testing and analyzing the hypotheses, pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regression have been used. The results of study show that there is a positive relationship between organizational learning capability with job satisfaction. Furthermore, the results revealed the five dimensions of organizational learning capability (experimentation, risk taking, interaction with the external environment, dialogue and participative decision making) had positive relationship with job satisfaction. Keywords: Organizational learning capability, Job satisfaction, Staff
Protocol of Job Evaluation: A Bird's Eye View
Authors: EL Hajji Muhammad Ali 
Published: May 2012

Job evaluation has become one of the most systematic and rational paths for an organization’s fair and equitable wage and salary determination. It has become a reality within an organization’s wage and salary administration. This article tries to investigate the inside concepts, dimensions, premises, and process of job evaluation. It extends to include the universality of job evaluation as a common phenomenon in organizations, particularly large ones. In view of this, this article explores and discusses the variety of ways in which job evaluation is viewed and defined. It also provides a sound understanding of the theoretical / philosophical context of job evaluation. In so doing, the article examines the combination of the conceptual and technical aspects involved in the job evaluation process, which demand good management sense and skill. Keywords: Job evaluation, Dimensions, Jobs comparison, Prerequisites, Relativities, Different views, Elements and Stages, Universality.
Human Resource Development As a Tool For Empowering Grassroot Communities For Improved Community Development Programmes In Osun State, Nigeria
Authors: M. A. Oyebamiji, , G Adekola, 
Published: May 2012

This paper is on Human Resource Development as a tool for empowering grassroots communities for improved community development in Osun State, Nigeria. It evaluates the various human resource development programmes organized by the state for Community Development Committees (CDC) and their impact on community development programmes of Osun State. A descriptive survey research method was adopted for the study. A total of three hundred and fifty (350) Community Development Committee members were randomly selected from six administrative zones of Osun State using stratified sampling technique. Human Resource Development Empowering Programme for Community Development Committee Members Questionnaire (HRDEPCDCMQ) was used, and was complemented with Focus Group Discussion (FGD) technique to collect information from the respondents. Four research questions were generated. The data collected was analyzed using multiple regression analysis, Pearson Product Moment Correlation and t-test statistical methods. It was discovered that Human Resource Development promotes in the CDC members the needed skills for problem identification, planning, monitoring, implementation and evaluation of community development programmes/projects. That HRD provides the satisfaction and motivation for the CDC to handle community development projects as their own project for improved community development programmes in their communities. It is therefore recommended that the government at all levels should encourage continuous development of the power of work in both the CDC and the change agents at the locality levels for improved community development programmes delivery in Osun State and Nigeria at large. KEY WORDS: Human Resource Development, Empowerment, Community Development, Grassroot.
The Mediating Effect of HRM Outcomes (employee retention) on the Relationship between HRM Practices and Organizational Performance
Authors: Aldamoe Fathi Mohamed Abduljlil , Yazam Mohamd , Ahmid Kamal Bin 
Published: May 2012

The matter of human resources activities have been commonly used to observe organizational performance. One of the distinctive features of HRM is that better performance is achieved through the people in the organization. In recent years significant remarks have been recorded in identifying the Human Resources Management (HRM) – performance relationship. The relationship between HRM practices and organizational performance has been well documented by the previous studies. However, authors have called for the interrogation of the mediating role of HRM Outcomes such as employee retention in the relationship between HRM practices and organizational performance. Thus, the major objective of this study is to investigate the mediating effect of HRM Outcomes (employee retention) on the relationship between HRM practices and organizational performance. Based on the evidence derived from the literature, the paper concludes that employee retention is likely to mediate in the relationship between HRM practices and organizational performance. Keywords: Human Resources management, employee retention, Human Resources management practices, organizational performance
Studying Relationships between Tools of Ethics Management and Organizational Trust of Education Organization in City of Kermanshah Province
Authors: Mehrabi Javad , Javadi Mohammad Hossein Mosharaf , AliAbadi Kamran , Tanhaei Mohammad Hasan , Samangoei Batool 
Published: May 2012

Objective of this survey was to study relationships between tools of ethics management and organizational trustMethods and Research analysis: The present survey has been conducted using descriptive-field-correlation method. Statistical population includes administrative employees of Education Organization in Kermanshah province that are three-hundred persons and sample volume has been selected equal to one-hundred seventy persons. Chi-square test (x2), assimilation amount of agreement, Fi-Kramer measurement scale and SPSS software have been used in this survey.Findings: There is a strong significant relationship between tools of ethics management and organizational trust, since the obtained sig=0.000< 5% is based on the main research hypothesis and Fi-Kramer is equal to 0.795.Conclusion: Using ethics management tools in the organization under study will be leaded to growth and improvement of organizational trust level. Key words: Organizational trust, ethics management, ethics management tools
A Multidisciplinary Artificial Intelligence Model of an Affective Robot
Authors: Samani Hooman Aghaebrahimi , Saadatian Elham 
Published: May 2012

A multidisciplinary approach to a novel artificial intelligence system for an affective robot is presented in this paper. The general objective of the system is to develop a robotic system which strives to achieve a high level of emotional bond between humans and robot by exploring human love. Such a relationship is a contingent process of attraction, affection and attachment from humans towards robots, and the belief of the vice versa from robots to humans. The advanced artificial intelligence of the system includes three modules, namely Probabilistic Love Assembly (PLA), based on the psychology of love, Artificial Endocrine System (AES), based on the physiology of love, and Affective State Transition (AST), based on emotions. The PLA module employs a Bayesian network to incorporate psychological parameters of affection in the robot. The AES module employs artificial emotional and biological hormones via a Dynamic Bayesian Network (DBN). The AST module uses a novel transition method for handling affective states of the robot. These three modules work together to manage emotional behaviours of the robot.
Indoor Place Classification Using Robot Behavior and Vision Data
Authors: Yi Chuho , Oh Young Ceol , Suh Il Hong , Choi Byung-Uk 
Published: May 2012

To realize autonomous navigation of intelligent robots in a variety of settings, analysis and classification of places, and the ability to actively collect information are necessary. In this paper, visual data are organized into an orientation histogram to roughly express input images by extracting and cumulating straight lines according to direction angle. In addition, behavioral data are organized into a behavioral histogram by cumulating motions performed to avoid obstacles encountered while the robot is executing specified behavioral patterns. These visual and behavioral data are utilized as input data, and the probability that a place belongs to a specific class is calculated by designating the places already learnt by the robot as categories. The naïve Bayes classification method is employed, in which the probability is calculated that the input data belong to each specific category, and the category with the highest probability is then selected. The location of the robot is classified by merging the probabilities for visual and behavioral data. The experimental results are as follows. First, a comparison of behavioral patterns used by the robot to collect data about a place indicates that a rotational behavior pattern provides the best performance. Second, classification performance is more accurate with two types of input data than with a single type of data.
Hearing symptoms personal stereos
Authors: Borja Ana Lúcia Vieira de Freitas , da Luz Tiara Santos 
Published: May 2012

Summary
Introduction: Practical and portable the personal stereos if had become almost indispensable accessories in the day the day. Studies disclose that the portable players of music can cause auditory damages in the long run for who hear music in high volume for a drawn out time.
Objective: to verify the prevalence of auditory symptoms in users of amplified players and to know its habits of use
Method: Observational prospective study of transversal cut carried through in three institutions of education of the city of Salvador BA, being two of public net and one of the private net. 400 students had answered to the questionnaire, of both the sex, between 14 and 30 years that had related the habit to use personal stereos.
Results: The symptoms most prevalent had been hyperacusis (43.5%), auricular fullness (30.5%) and humming (27.5), being that the humming is the symptom most present in the population youngest. How much to the daily habits: 62.3% frequent use, 57% in raised intensities, 34% in drawn out periods. An inverse relation between exposition time was verified and the band of age (p = 0,000) and direct with the prevalence of the humming.
Conclusion: Although to admit to have knowledge on the damages that the exposition the sound of high intensity can cause the hearing, the daily habits of the young evidence the inadequate use of the portable stereos characterized by long periods of exposition, raised intensities, frequent use and preference for the insertion phones. The high prevalence of symptoms after the use suggests a bigger risk for the hearing of these young.