bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Self-testing and self-management of oral anticoagulation therapy in children
Authors: Larsen Torben , Hjortdal Vibeke , Christensen Thomas 
Published: June 2011

SummaryChildren and adolescents on oral anticoagulation therapy (OAT) present special challenges in terms of rapid fluctuations in International Normalised Ratio (INR) values, interruption in daily life due to frequent hospital/doctor visits, and difficulties and pain in the performance of venepuncture. Optimised management of OAT improves the quality of treatment, potentially accomplished by new methods such as patient self-testing (PST) and patient self-management (PSM). A review was performed, identifying 11 trials with children and adolescents. All studies had different methodological problems, predominantly by being non-randomised trials. A total of 284 patients were included with a mean follow-up of 22 months, finding a time within therapeutic INR target range between 63% and 84%. The coagulometers used for estimating the INR values were found to have sufficient precision and accuracy for clinical use, but external quality control is probably advisable. It can be concluded that PST and PSM are at least as good treatment options as conventional management in highly selected children. Larger studies, preferably randomised, controlled trials using clinical endpoints, are obviously needed in order to elucidate whether these new regimens of treatment are superior to conventional management of oral anticoagulation therapy.
Dynamics of chronic myeloid leukemia response to long-term targeted therapy reveal treatment effects on leukemic stem cells
Authors: Tang Min , Gonen Mithat , Quintas-Cardama Alfonso , Cortes Jorge , Kantarjian Hagop , Field Chani , Hughes Timothy P. , Branford Susan , Michor Franziska 
Published: June 2011

AbstractTreatment of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) with the tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) imatinib mesylate and nilotinib represents a successful application of molecularly targeted anticancer therapy. However, the effect of TKIs on leukemic stem cells remains incompletely understood. On the basis of a statistical modeling approach that used the 10-year imatinib mesylate treatment response of patients with CML and a patient cohort receiving first-line nilotinib therapy, we found that successful long-term therapy results in a triphasic exponential decline of BCR-ABL1 transcripts in many patients. Within our framework, the first slope of −0.052 ± 0.018 (imatinib mesylate) and −0.042 ± 0.015 (nilotinib) per day represents the turnover rate of leukemic differentiated cells, whereas the second slope of −0.0057 ± 0.0038 (imatinib mesylate) and −0.0019 ± 0.0013 (nilotinib) per day represents the turnover rate of leukemic progenitor cells. The third slope allows an inference of the behavior of immature leukemic cells, potentially stem cells. This third slope is negative in most patients, positive in others, and not observable in some patients. This variability in response may be because of insufficient follow-up, missing data, disease heterogeneity, inconsistent compliance to drug, or acquired resistance. Our approach suggests that long-term TKI therapy may reduce the abundance of leukemic stem cells in some patients.
No relationship between the distribution of mast cells and the survival of stage IIIB colon cancer patients
Authors: Xia Qing , Wu Xiao-Jun , Zhou Qiang , Jing-Zeng  , Hou Jing-Hui , Pan Zhi-Zhong , Zhang Xiao-Shi 
Published: June 2011

Abstract

Background
Mast cells promote the progression of experimental tumors and might be a valuable therapeutic target. However, the relevant clinical evidence is still controversial. This study analyzed the relationship between the distribution of mast cells and the survival of patients with colon cancer to study whether mast cells contribute to tumor progression.

Materials and methods
Ninety-three cases of pathologically confirmed primary cancer tissues matched with adjacent normal mucosa, metastases of regional-draining lymph nodes and regional-draining lymph nodes without metastases were collected from stage IIIB colon carcinoma patients between January 1997 and July 2004 at the Cancer Center of Sun Yat-Sen University. Tryptase-positive mast cells were counted. The relationships of the distribution of mast cells with clinicopathologic parameters and 5-year survival were analyzed.

Results
Although the mast cell count in the mucosa adjacent to the primary colon cancer was significantly higher than that in the stroma of the primary colon cancer, no difference in mast cell counts was observed between the stroma in lymph node metastasis and the lymph tissue adjacent to the metastasis. Additionally, the mast cell count in the regional-draining lymph node without the invasion of cancer cells was significantly higher than that in the stroma of lymph node metastasis and adjacent lymph tissue. However, none of those mast cell counts was related to 5-year survival.

Conclusion
Although mast cell count varied with location, none of the mast cell counts was related to 5-year survival, suggesting that mast cells do not contribute to the progression of stage IIIB colon cancer.
Synthesis and Chiral Recognition Ability of a Poly(phenylenevinylene)-Encapsulated Amylose Derivative
Authors: Tamura Kazumi , Sam Nor Syahidah Md , Ikai Tomoyuki , Okamoto Yoshio , Yashima Eiji 
Published: June 2011

Abstract
Poly(p-phenylenevinylene) (PPV) was found to be encapsulated in amylose during the polymerization of the precursor monomer in an aqueous solution. The resulting amylose–PPV composite can be further chemically modified by introducing various substituents into the hydroxy groups of the amylose using isocyanates and acetic anhydride. Here we report on the chemical modification of the amylose–PPV composite with 3,5-dimethylphenyl isocyanate in order to obtain a novel chiral packing material for resolving enantiomers by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The obtained 3,5-dimethylphenylcarbamated amylose–PPV was soluble in pyridine and exhibited a lyotropic liquid crystalline phase in a concentrated pyridine solution. The chiral recognition ability of the 3,5-dimethylphenylcarbamated amylose–PPV was different from that of amylose tris(3,5-dimethylphenylcarbamate) having no PPV rods in the helical cavity of the amylose and can resolve many racemic compounds into enantiomers. Among racemic compounds, cyclic dibenzamide and dibenzanilide derivatives were resolved on the 3,5-dimethylphenylcarbamated amylose–PPV better than amylose tris(3,5-dimethylphenylcarbamate). The difference in the enantioseparation abilities of these amylose-based chiral stationary phases for HPLC is discussed based on the difference in their helical structures.
Heterogeneity and Competitiveness of Entrepreneurial Processes in the European Union with Special Attention on Croatia as Candidate Country
Authors: Pušnik Ksenja , Tajnikar Maks 
Published: June 2011

Heterogeneity and Competitiveness of Entrepreneurial Processes in the European Union with Special Attention on Croatia as Candidate CountryThe paper investigates the efficiency of entrepreneurial processes in European Union member states and Croatia as a European Union candidate country. The authors follow the model of Davidsson (2004), who argues that entrepreneurial activity originates in three waves: the wave of ability, need and opportunity for entrepreneurship; the wave of perceptive ability, perceptive need and perceptive opportunity for entrepreneurship; and entrepreneurial motivation and activity. The authors of the paper argue that the efficiency of the transformations of one entrepreneurship wave to another can be measured by Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) on the basis of the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor database, which is a new approach to the analysis of entrepreneurial processes. The results indicate high level of heterogeneity of entrepreneurial processes among European Union member states. The authors give special attention to Croatia and conclude that the membership of Croatia in European Union would not threaten the entrepreneurial processes of this European Union candidate country.
Contribution to the Quantitative Analysis of Ternary Alloys of Group III-Nitrides by Auger Spectroscopy
Authors: Liday Jozef , Ecke Gernod , Baumann Tim , Vogrinčič Peter , Breza Juraj 
Published: June 2011

Contribution to the Quantitative Analysis of Ternary Alloys of Group III-Nitrides by Auger SpectroscopyFor correct quantitative interpretation of Auger spectra of group III-nitrides and their alloys it is necessary to have the relative sensitivity factors of elements and the sputtering yields measured for the material under analysis. These data are not available in the literature for those materials. In this work, the quantities have been determined experimentally that are needed for reliable and precise quantitative interpretation of Auger spectra of such materials, thus of AlN, GaN and their ternary alloys AlxGa1-xN. Measurements of reference AlN and GaN samples allowed to find the elemental sensitivity factors for these nitrides, and measurements on reference samples of ternary alloys AlxGa1-xN allowed to find the ratio of the component sputtering yields, YGa/YAl. It has been confirmed that if the relative sensitivity factors are obtained from measurements of reference samples of group III-nitrides, thus of compounds, and if in the alloys of such compounds no further change of the shapes of Auger peaks occurs, the both the areas below the Auger peaks in direct spectra and the Auger peak-to-peak heights in differentiated spectra can be used for quantitative analysis.
Considerations About Controlled Capacitors
Authors: Plesca Adrian 
Published: June 2011

Considerations About Controlled CapacitorsA new type of thermal controlled capacitor has been developed and studied. The capacitor non-linearity depends on the control parameter — temperature. At constant temperatures, the charge versus voltage curve is non-linear and has thermal inertia. Actually, it is a new method to modify the capacitors' capacitance using the thermal field as a command parameter and brings new technical solutions for protection of electrical equipment.
Steady State and Dynamic Evaluation of Electrical Shaft System
Authors: Fellag Sid 
Published: June 2011

Steady State and Dynamic Evaluation of Electrical Shaft System
In this paper a steady state and dynamic assessment of electrical shaft with common resistance are performed. New steady state formulae that take into account the stator resistances are developed. The system is presented in a full version similar to individual induction machine in the dq frame but without stator resistance simplifications. It is found that the stator resistance is worth-taking into account.
Optimal Seasonal Voltage Control in Rural Distribution Networks with Distributed Generators
Authors: Radosavljević Jordan , Jevtić Miroljub , Klimenta Dardan 
Published: June 2011

Optimal Seasonal Voltage Control in Rural Distribution Networks with Distributed Generators
This paper proposes a procedure for determining the optimal tap changer positions of off-voltage tap changing transformers in radial rural distribution networks in presence of distributed generators (DGs). The procedure is based on spatial network decomposition and as well as bringing down a branchy LV network to an equivalent line. Optimal voltage module values of PV nodes in the optimal seasonal control plan are determined by the application of a genetic algorithm. The proposed procedure is examined in two real distribution networks: a radial 33-node network with 11 DGs modelled as PQ nodes and a radial 40-node network with three DGs in total, two of which are modelled as PV nodes and one modelled as a PQ node.
Effect of Gallium Focused Ion Beam Irradiation on Properties of YBa2Cu3Ox/La0.67Sr0.33MnO3 Heterostructures
Authors: Štrbík Vladimír , Beňačka Štefan , Gaži Štefan , Šmatko Vasilij , Chromik Štefan , Dujavová Agáta , Vávra Ivo 
Published: June 2011

Effect of Gallium Focused Ion Beam Irradiation on Properties of YBa2Cu3Ox/La0.67Sr0.33MnO3 Heterostructures
We present initial investigation of the superconductor-ferromagnet-superconductor (SFS) heterostructures of nanometer dimensions prepared by the gallium focused ion beam (FIB) technology. The SFS heterostructures were realized on the basis of high-Tc superconducting YBa2Cu3Ox and ferromagnetic La0.67Sr0.33MnO3 thin films. SFS weak link junctions require dimensions of the weak link connection in the range of nanometer size realizable by FIB patterning. On the other side the gallium focused ion beam might bring about unacceptable degradation of the superconducting as well as ferromagnetic thin film properties. The presented results show that FIB offers a suitable procedure for realization of nanometer size devices but some degradation of the ferromagnetic and superconducting properties was observed. Solution of this problem will be achieved in the next stage of our investigations.
Investing in European market real property through reits
Authors: Adamuscin A. 
Published: June 2011

Investing in European market real property through reitsFor institutional and private investors, investing in real estate represents an attractive form of the consignment of their money. Real estate provides a regular source of income in the form of the rent from or interest on the credit provided. At the same time, real estate is a good investment instrument, because it provides diversified contributions and security against inflation for investors. In their efforts to diversify risk, investors are expressing growing interest in investing in the whole European Union. The success of Real Estate Investment Trusts (REITs) in the U.S. also opened the door for investing in this market for small investors, which is the reason for the development of this type of investment company in the European arena. One problem concerning the development of European real estate investment funds is the unsolved issue of the harmonization of the legislation and regulatory safety measures, which would enable the creation of a common market for new investment products in Europe.
L'anthropologie à l'épreuve des politiques du témoignage
Authors: Vanthuyne Karine 
Published: June 2011

Résumé La publication de Rigoberta Menchú and the Story of All Poor Guatemalans [Stoll, 1998] a suscité de vifs débats au sein des départements d’anthropologie d’outre-Atlantique. À la lumière d’une « double ethnographie » des « politiques du témoignage » sur la guerre au Guatemala, cet article entend proposer un mode alternatif d’« engagement » avec la prise de parole de nos enquêtés – c’est-à-dire, autre que ceux auxquels les débats suscités par la publication de l’ouvrage de David Stoll renvoient.
Increased Frequencies of Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein/MHC Class II-Binding CD4 Cells in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: Raddassi Khadir , Kent Sally C. , Yang Junbao , Bourcier Kasia , Bradshaw Elizabeth M. , Seyfert-Margolis Vicki , Nepom Gerald T. , Kwok William W. , Hafler David A. 
Published: June 2011

Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease characterized by infiltration of pathogenic immune cells in the CNS resulting in destruction of the myelin sheath and surrounding axons. We and others have previously measured the frequency of human myelin-reactive T cells in peripheral blood. Using T cell cloning techniques, a modest increase in the frequency of myelin-reactive T cells in patients as compared with control subjects was observed. In this study, we investigated whether myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG)-specific T cells could be detected and their frequency was measured using DRB1*0401/MOG97–109(107E-S) tetramers in MS subjects and healthy controls expressing HLA class II DRB1*0401. We defined the optimal culture conditions for expansion of MOG-reactive T cells upon MOG peptide stimulation of PMBCs. MOG97–109-reactive CD4+ T cells, isolated with DRB1*0401/MOG97–109 tetramers, and after a short-term culture of PMBCs with MOG97–109 peptides, were detected more frequently from patients with MS as compared with healthy controls. T cell clones from single cell cloning of DRB1*0401/MOG97–109(107E-S) tetramer+ cells confirmed that these T cell clones were responsive to both the native and the substituted MOG peptide. These data indicate that autoantigen-specific T cells can be detected and enumerated from the blood of subjects using class II tetramers, and the frequency of MOG97–109-reactive T cells is greater in patients with MS as compared with healthy controls.
Two-Dimensional Lattice Boltzmann Model for Droplet Impingement and Breakup in Low Density Ratio Liquids
Authors: Gupta Amit , Kumar Ranganathan 
Published: June 2011

AbstractA two-dimensional lattice Boltzmann model has been employed to simulate the impingement of a liquid drop on a dry surface. For a range of Weber number, Reynolds number and low density ratios, multiple phases leading to breakup have been obtained. An analytical solution for breakup as function of Reynolds and Weber number based on the conservation of energy is shown to match well with the simulations. At the moment breakup occurs, the spread diameter is maximum; it increases with Weber number and reaches an asymptotic value at a density ratio of 10. Droplet breakup is found to be more viable for the case when the wall is non-wetting or neutral as compared to a wetting surface. Upon breakup, the distance between the daughter droplets is much higher for the case with a non-wetting wall, which illustrates the role of the surface interactions in the outcome of the impact.
Adolescent and Adult Transitions From Major Depressive Disorder to Bipolar Disorder
Authors: Desai Boström Adrian E. , Cars Thomas , Hellner Clara , Lundberg Johan 
Published: May 2024

ImportanceBipolar disorder (BD) often first appears in adolescence after onset of major depressive disorder (MDD), but diagnosis and treatment are commonly delayed. This delay is a concern because untreated BD is associated with adverse long-term outcomes, a more recurrent disease course and difficult-to-treat illness, and suicide attempts and deaths.ObjectiveTo examine the association of age at MDD onset with early transition to BD and the subsequent use of psychiatric inpatient services as a severity indicator.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis retrospective cohort study analyzed comprehensive data sourced from the Stockholm MDD Cohort data from 1997 to 2018, which encompass both outpatient and inpatient care. Individuals with an initial MDD episode from January 1, 2010, to December 31, 2013, who transitioned to BD by December 31, 2018, were identified. Data were analyzed between September 5 and December 28, 2023.ExposuresPost MDD assessments included a depression severity index, comorbidities, psychotherapy, psychotropic drugs, and electroconvulsive therapy.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe main outcome was the transition from MDD to BD, dichotomized as occurring early (within 3 years of MDD onset) or late (3 years after MDD onset). Secondary outcomes encompassed the use of psychiatric inpatient services post transition and patterns of medication usage. A robust propensity score matching framework was used to estimate outcomes.ResultsThe final balanced cohort included 228 individuals, with an equal distribution between adults (n = 114; mean [SD] age, 24.5 [6.3] years; 96 female [84.2%]; 20 experiencing an early transition to BD [17.5%]) and youths (n = 114; mean [SD] age, 15.3 [1.6] years; 93 female [81.6%]; 8 experiencing an early transition to BD [7.0%]). Youths were substantially less likely to transition early (odds ratio, 0.42; 95% CI, 0.20-0.88; P = .02), despite having more outpatient visits (mean [SD] visits per month, 1.21 [1.07] vs 0.97 [0.98] for adults; P = .01). Both groups experienced substantially reduced inpatient care following a BD diagnosis, concurring with a marked decline in antidepressant use without increased lithium use.Conclusions and RelevanceThese findings suggest that adolescents may experience delayed BD progression and that diagnosis substantially reduced inpatient care in all age groups, which coincided with a reduction in the use of antidepressants. These findings may inform pharmacologic strategies in patients with first-episode MDD at risk for BD.
Loss of p14 diminishes immunogenicity in melanoma via non‐canonical Wnt signaling by reducing the peptide surface density
Authors: Wohlfarth Jonas , Kosnopfel Corinna , Faber Dominic , Berthold Marion , Siedel Claudia , Bernhardt Melissa , Schlosser Andreas , Aprati Tyler , Liu David , Schrama David , Houben Roland , Schadendorf Dirk , Goebeler Matthias , Meierjohann Svenja , Schilling Bastian 
Published: May 2024

Immunotherapy has achieved tremendous success in melanoma. However, only around 50% of advanced melanoma patients benefit from immunotherapy. Cyclin‐dependent kinase inhibitor 2A (CDKN2A), encoding the two tumor‐suppressor proteins p14ARFand p16INK4a, belongs to the most frequently inactivated gene loci in melanoma and leads to decreased T cell infiltration. While the role of p16INK4ahas been extensively investigated, knowledge about p14ARFin melanoma is scarce. In this study, we elucidate the impact of reduced p14ARFexpression on melanoma immunogenicity. Knockdown of p14ARFin melanoma cell lines diminished their recognition and killing by melanoma differentiation antigen (MDA)‐specific T cells. Resistance was caused by a reduction of the peptide surface density of presented MDAs. Immunopeptidomic analyses revealed that antigen presentation via human leukocyte antigen class I (HLA‐I) molecules was enhanced upon p14ARFdownregulation in general, but absolute and relative expression of cognate peptides was decreased. However, this phenotype is associated with a favorable outcome for melanoma patients. Limiting Wnt5a signaling reverted this phenotype, suggesting an involvement of non‐canonical Wnt signaling. Taken together, our data indicate a new mechanism limiting MDA‐specific T cell responses by decreasing both absolute and relative MDA‐peptide presentation in melanoma.
Leveraging the Power of Enzymes in Engineered Dead and Living Materials
Authors: Shannon Mark R. , Zhou Bini , Perriman Adam W. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractSignificant advances are being made in the incorporation of enzymes into functional materials, which leverage their inherent substrate specificity, efficient catalytic activity, and sustainable origin. These engineered “dead” materials, however, lack the incredible systems‐level control of enzyme activity that living organisms have evolved over millennia. This gap is now being bridged by the rapidly emerging field of engineered living materials (ELMs), which couples the tools of advanced synthetic biology with modern materials science. In this review, the impressive array of methodologies used to fabricate the extensive library of functional enzyme‐based dead materials is discussed, and the design strategies that facilitate their creation unpacked. The spectacular suite of natural and synthetic genetic and post‐translational control systems for enzymes in living organisms is then described. Finally, key recent examples of ELMs that utilize enzyme activity are reviewed, highlighting the central role of the living component in providing responsivity and adaptability to this new class of materials.