bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Targeted protein pullout from human tissue samples using competitive elution
Authors: Falk Ronny , Ramström Margareta , Eriksson Cecilia , Uhlén Mathias , Wernérus Henrik , Hober Sophia 
Published: December 2010

AbstractOne commonly used strategy to gain information on the proteins in a cell is to isolate the proteins of interest by specific binders, often antibodies. Not only the specificity of the capturing antibodies but also the washing and elution conditions are crucial to avoid false‐positive protein identifications. Eluting the target protein from the matrix, while avoiding the release of unrelated background proteins, should both provide more correct information on the target protein and its interaction partners, and minimize the effort to perform downstream analyses through the reduced number of eluted proteins. In this study, a novel approach for selective protein pullout is presented. Monospecific antibodies were used to selectively pullout target proteins from a complex biosample. Subsequently, the target proteins were competitively eluted from the affinity media with the recombinant antigen. To deplete the antigen from the eluted sample, IMAC spin columns were utilized to bind the N‐terminal His‐tag of the antigens. The competitive elution method was applied both to a model system, and for the extraction of a native human target protein. In the model system the recombinant target protein BBC7 was spiked into a protein extract of human liver, whereas an endogenously expressed target protein, cTAGE5, was extracted from the liver extract directly. SDS‐PAGE analysis and mass spectrometry confirmed affinity isolation of expected target proteins. More selective elution was obtained using the competitive procedure as compared to elution at low pH. Competitive elution has thus been shown to offer an effective approach for wide‐scale pullout experiments where proteins and their interaction partners are to be studied.
Prediction of activated sludge filamentous bulking using ATP data and neural networks
Authors: Brault Jean‐Martin , Labib Richard , Perrier Michel , Stuart Paul 
Published: December 2010

AbstractNeural networks (NNs) were used to predict the onset of filamentous bulking, as described by trends in stirred sludge volume index, in a pulp and paper activated sludge treatment system. Variables related to activated sludge biomass viability, namely specific oxygen uptake rate (SOUR) and adenosine triphosphate (ATP), were used as inputs to the NN. ATP data were shown to improve NN performance in providing an early warning signal for bulking, both in terms of accuracy and prediction delay. A warning signal system was developed to provide operators with enough time to react and further investigate the causes of bulking.
Trace Elements in Sediments and Mussels – Spatial Distribution, Chemical Partitioning, and Risk Assessment
Authors: Khairy Mohammed A. , Kolb Marit , Schmidt Christiane , Zachmann Dieter W. , Mostafa Alaa R. , EL‐Fiky Anwar A. , Bahadir Müfit 
Published: December 2010

AbstractSediment samples were collected from 30 different locations in Abu Qir Bay (Mediterranean Sea), East Alexandria, Egypt and analyzed for trace elements. The highest concentrations of most of the elements were observed in the nearshore stations in the vicinity of the major anthropogenic activities as industrial settlements, wastewater discharges, and agricultural drainage. In addition, mussel samples of Mactra corallina and Tapes decussata were collected corresponding to the sediment samples. Concentrations of As, Cd, Cr, Mn, and Zn in the mussel tissues were higher than concentrations in sediments, thus indicating their relatively high bioavailability. Sequential extraction procedure was performed on selected sediment samples. Significant correlations were observed between the concentrations of Cu, Mn, Pb, and Zn in the exchangeable fraction of the sediments and the corresponding tissues of M. corallina. The output of the risk assessment applied on the sediments revealed that adverse ecological effects to benthic species could occur and that a higher level of risk is expected from the exposure to Cd, Cr, Hg, and Zn. No adverse carcinogenic or non‐carcinogenic human health effects are expected from the consumption of the two mussel species from Abu Qir Bay.
Metabolic factors and the risk of colorectal cancer in 580,000 men and women in the metabolic syndrome and cancer project (Me‐Can)
Authors: Stocks Tanja , Lukanova Annekatrin , Bjørge Tone , Ulmer Hanno , Manjer Jonas , Almquist Martin , Concin Hans , Engeland Anders , Hallmans Göran , Nagel Gabriele , Tretli Steinar , Veierød Marit B. , Jonsson Håkan , Stattin Pär ,   for the Metabolic Syndrome Cancer Project (Me‐Can) Group
Published: December 2010

AbstractBACKGROUND:The metabolic syndrome (MetS) has been related to an increased risk of colorectal cancer, but the modest size of previous studies precluded detailed characterization of the role of individual MetS factors and their interaction on risk.METHODS:In the Metabolic Syndrome and Cancer Project (Me‐Can), data on body mass index (BMI), blood pressure, and blood levels of glucose, cholesterol, and triglycerides were available for 578,700 men and women. The mean age of participants at baseline was 44 years, and the mean follow‐up was 12 years. Relative risks (RR) of colorectal cancer per 1 standard deviation increment in Z score of factors and for a combined MetS score, were calculated from Cox regression models, including adjustment for potential confounders.RESULTS:During follow‐up, 2834 men and 1861 women were diagnosed with colorectal cancer. The RR of colorectal cancer for the MetS score was 1.25 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.18‐1.32) in men, and 1.14 (95% CI, 1.06‐1.22) in women. Significant associations also were observed in men for BMI (RR, 1.07; 95% CI, 1.02‐1.13), blood pressure (RR, 1.10; 95% CI, 1.02‐1.18), and triglycerides (RR, 1.17; 95% CI, 1.06‐1.28) and, in women, for BMI (RR, 1.08; 95% CI, 1.01‐1.15). There was no significant positive interaction between the metabolic factors on risk.CONCLUSIONS:The combination of metabolic factors and some separate factors was related to an increased risk of colorectal cancer, but there was no interaction between metabolic factors. Cancer 2011;. © 2010 American Cancer Society.
Fine‐needle cytology of cutaneous juvenile xanthogranuloma and langerhans cell histiocytosis
Authors: Fassina Ambrogio , Olivotto Andrea , Cappellesso Rocco , Vendraminelli Roberto , Fassan Matteo 
Published: December 2010

AbstractBACKGROUND:In pediatric patients, a cutaneous nodule is usually diagnosed by performing an excisional biopsy, but fine‐needle cytology (FNC) is a safer and noninvasive diagnostic method widely used to obtain diagnostic specimens with little stress to the patient. The authors compared the ability of FNC and biopsy to differentiate Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) from juvenile xanthogranuloma (JXG).METHODS:Correlating cytological results with histological findings, the authors reviewed 27 patients (15 males and 12 females; mean age, 37 months; range, 1 month to 14 years) admitted to the University of Padua Department of Pediatrics from 1998 to 2010.RESULTS:Cytology smears were adequate in all 27 (100%) patients: 14 (52%) were classified as having JXG, 12 (44%) as having LCH, and 1 (4%) as having a doubtful finding. A biopsy was also performed in 20 of these patients, and in all but 1, the 2 methods were completely concordant.CONCLUSIONS:FNC is safe and useful in the diagnostic workup of pediatric patients with cutaneous nodules and has no contraindications to its use as the initial diagnostic procedure. Cancer (Cancer Cytopathol) 2011;. © 2010 American Cancer Society.
Poly(2‐oxazoline)s based on fatty acids
Authors: Hoogenboom Richard 
Published: December 2010

AbstractPoly(2‐oxazoline)s are an interesting class of synthetic poly(amide)s that can be prepared by living cationic ring‐opening polymerization. The properties of poly(2‐oxazoline)s can be tuned by variation of the 2‐substituent of the 2‐oxazoline monomer. In this contribution the utilization of fatty acids as side chains for poly(2‐oxazoline)s is highlighted. The incorporation of such long aliphatic side‐chains results in hydrophobic crystalline poly(2‐oxazoline)s that are often applied for the preparation of amphiphilic structures as well as for low surface energy and low adhesive coatings. The most popular fatty‐acid based poly(2‐oxazoline)s are the saturated poly(2‐nonyl‐2‐oxazoline) and poly(2‐undecyl‐2‐oxazoline) as well as the unsaturated poly(2‐decenyl‐2‐oxazoline) and poly(2‐“soy alkyl”‐2‐oxazoline).
Exploitation of Furanoid 5‐Azido‐3‐C‐Branched‐Chain Sugars Towards Highly Functionalized Nitrogen‐Containing Carbohydrate Derivatives
Authors: Xavier Nuno M. , Queneau Yves , Rauter Amélia P. 
Published: December 2010

AbstractThe ability of easily accessed 1,2‐O‐protected 5‐azido‐3‐C‐(ethoxycarbonyl)methylenefuranoses to serve as precursors for the generation of imino sugar derivatives containing an α,β‐unsaturated lactone or ketone functionality has been investigated. A key aspect was the propensity of the corresponding deprotected δ‐amino α,β‐unsaturated esters to undergo 5‐aminofuranose/iminopyranose isomerization. Acid hydrolysis of the δ‐amino (Z)‐α,β‐unsaturated ester followed by treatment with base led to a butenolide‐containing N‐ethylformamide arising from a rearrangement of the imino‐sugar‐fused butenolide intermediate induced by the conjugated system. When carrying out the ring expansion step under neutral conditions, a 2‐keto imino sugar was obtained that was readily converted into a 1,2‐dihydropyridin‐3‐one by acetylation. Furthermore, reduction of the δ‐azido (E)‐α,β‐unsaturated ester to the amine was followed by spontaneous intramolecular cyclization, providing the related furanose‐fused unsaturated δ‐lactam.
Synthesis and Complexation Studies between Trifluoromethylammonium Threads and Dibenzo[24]Crown‐8
Authors: Johnsen Carsten , Stein Paul C. , Nielsen Kent A. , Bond Andrew D. , Jeppesen Jan O. 
Published: December 2010

AbstractTwo new ammonium threads were synthesized and characterized. They are composed of either one or two bis‐alkylammonium sites that can act as recognition elements for dibenzo[24]crown‐8 (DB24C8) and are both appended with two electron‐withdrawing trifluoromethyl (CF3) groups. The pseudorotaxanes formed between the trifluoromethyl ammonium threads and DB24C8 were characterized by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction analyses and studied by NMR spectroscopy. The NMR spectroscopic data reveal that attachment of two electron‐withdrawing trifluoromethyl groups to the single‐site ammonium thread enhances the binding strength between the DB24C8 ring and the ammonium thread. Investigations carried out between the double‐site ammonium thread and DB24C8 reveal that the relative amount between the [2]pseudorotaxane and the [3]pseudorotaxane can be controlled by changing the ratio between the double‐site ammonium thread and DB24C8. Quantitative studies carried out by NMR titrations indicate at weak(K2/K1 = 0.24) anticooperative effect in the formation of the [3]pseudorotaxane.
Ring Expansion of 2‐(1‐Hydroxyalkyl)azetidines to 4‐(2‐Chloroethyl)oxazolidinones
Authors: Couty François , Drouillat Bruno , Lemée Frédéric 
Published: December 2010

Abstract2‐(1‐Hydroxyalkyl)azetidines react with bis(trichloromethyl) carbonate (BTC) after basic treatment to afford 4‐(2‐chloroethyl)oxazolidinones. The scope of this rearrangement was examined in detail and its efficiency was shown to depend on the class of the reacting alcohol and on the substitution pattern on the azetidine ring.
Continuous full filling capillary electrochromatography–electrospraying chromatographic nanoparticles
Authors: Malmström David , Axén Jakob , Bergquist Jonas , Viberg Peter , Spégel Peter 
Published: December 2010

AbstractThe influence of instrumental parameters affecting the ionization in continuous full filling capillary electrochromatography/electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (CFF‐CEC/ESI‐MS) was investigated. The investigated parameters were the BGE and sheath liquid ion strength and organic modifier content, the nebulizer gas pressure, and the concentration of nanoparticles in the BGE. It was found that the nebulizer pressure had the largest influence on the separation efficiency and apparent retention. It was shown that even the lowest pressure investigated was sufficient to guide the nanoparticle flow away from the mass spectrometer inlet. A nebulizer pressure of 5 psi was found to be optimal; increasing the pressure significantly decreased the separation efficiency due to the generation of a hydrodynamic flow. Generally, the ion strength of both the BGE and the sheath liquid were found to have very moderate effects on the separation of a homologous series of dialkyl phthalates, whereas the ionization efficiency was found to be unaffected by the nanoparticles and the separation efficiency was found to increase with increasing concentrations up to 3.8 mg/mL, whereafter it was observed to drop. The optimized method was linear over a wide concentration range and presented LOD and LOQ more than threefold lower than those previously reported using CFF‐CEC/ESI‐MS.
Determination of the epimerization rate constant of amygdalin by microemulsion electrokinetic chromatography
Authors: Yu Lishuang , Ye Hongzhi , Zheng Lili , Chen Lidian , Chu Kedan , Liu Xianxiang , Xu Xueqin , Chen Guonan 
Published: December 2010

AbstractA new method for separation and determination of amygdalin and its epimer (neoamygdalin) in the epimerization of amygdalin by MEEKC is proposed. For the chiral separation of amygdalin and neoamygdalin, a running buffer composed of 80 mM sodium cholate, 5.0% v/v butan‐1‐ol, 0.5% v/v heptane and 94.5% v/v 30 mM Na2B4O7 buffer (pH 9.00) is proposed. Under optimum conditions, the basic separation of amygdalin and neoamygdalin can be achieved within 7 min. The calibration curve for amygdalin showed excellent linearity in the concentration range of 20–1000 μg/mL with a detection limit of 5.0 μg/mL (S/N=3). The epimerization rate constant of amygdalin in basic microemulsion was first determined by monitoring the concentration changes of amygdalin, and the epimerization rate constant of amygdalin was found to be 2×10−3 min−1 at 25°C under the above optimum microemulsion conditions.
Identification of immunoreactive secretory proteins from the stationary phase culture of Burkholderia pseudomallei
Authors: Vellasamy Kumutha Malar , Mariappan Vanitha , Hashim Onn H. , Vadivelu Jamuna 
Published: December 2010

AbstractBacterial secreted proteins are known to be involved in virulence and may mediate important host–pathogen interactions. In this study, when the stationary phase culture supernatant of Burkholderia pseudomallei was subjected to 2‐DE, 113 protein spots were detected. Fifty‐four of the secreted proteins, which included metabolic enzymes, transcription/translation regulators, potential virulence factors, chaperones, transport regulators, and hypothetical proteins, were identified using MS and database search. Twelve of these proteins were apparently reactive to antisera of mice that were immunised with B. pseudomallei secreted proteins. These proteins might be excellent candidates to be used as diagnostic markers or putative candidate vaccines against B. pseudomallei infections.
Localization of cerebral functional deficits in patients with non‐neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Lin Yun , Zou Qing‐Hua , Wang Jian , Wang Yong , Zhou Dai‐Quan , Zhang Rong‐Hua , Zhang Yan‐Wei , Lii Hai‐Tao , Fang Yong‐Fei 
Published: December 2010

AbstractNeuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus (NP‐SLE) is a common complication of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), and clinical interventions are of only limited efficacy despite relatively high prevalence. Such complications have been studied extensively, but the pathoetiology of NP‐SLE has not yet been elucidated. Diagnosis of NP‐SLE focuses primarily on psychological manifestations, and the underlying mechanisms leading to neuropsychiatric complications remain unknown. To address potential changes in brain function before NP‐SLE development, we used resting‐state functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to compare regional brain activity in SLE patients versus matched controls. We report that regional activity in cerebellum and in areas of the default mode network are attenuated in patients with SLE, and moreover individual alterations in cerebellar activity correlated positively with the disease activity index. These findings provide direct evidence that significant alteration of brain function, resembling that observed in patients with NP‐SLE, is already present in SLE patients without neuropsychiatric complications, highlighting the need for early evaluation and intervention in SLE patients. Furthermore, the disease activity rating correlated with regional functional alterations in the cerebellum, suggesting that the cerebellum could play a role in the pathogenesis of NP‐SLE. Hum Brain Mapp, 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
HepaRG Cells: A Human Model to Study Mechanisms of Acetaminophen Hepatotoxicity Δσ
Authors: McGill Mitchell R. , Yan Hui-Min , Ramachandran Anup , Murray Gordon J. , Rollins Douglas E. , Jaeschke Hartmut 
Published: December 2010

Abstract

Acetaminophen (APAP) overdose is the leading cause of acute liver failure in Western countries. In the last four decades much progress has been made in our understanding of APAP-induced liver injury through rodent studies. However, some differences exist in the time course of injury between rodents and humans. To study the mechanism of APAP hepatotoxicity in humans, a human-relevant

in vitro

system is needed. Here we present evidence that the cell line HepaRG is a useful human model for the study of APAP-induced liver injury. Exposure of HepaRG cells to APAP at several concentrations resulted in glutathione depletion, APAP-protein adduct formation, mitochondrial oxidant stress and peroxynitrite formation, mitochondrial dysfunction (assessed by JC-1 fluorescence), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release. Importantly, the time course of LDH release resembled the increase in plasma aminotransferase activity seen in humans following APAP overdose. Based on propidium iodide uptake and cell morphology, the majority of the injury occurred within clusters of hepatocyte-like cells. The progression of injury in these cells involved mitochondrial reactive oxygen and reactive nitrogen formation. APAP did not increase caspase activity above untreated control values and a pancaspase inhibitor did not protect against APAP-induced cell injury.

Conclusion:

These data suggest that key mechanistic features of APAP-induced cell death are the same in human HepaRG cells, rodent

in vivo

models, and primary cultured mouse hepatocytes. Thus, HepaRG cells are a useful model to study mechanisms of APAP hepatotoxicity in humans. (Hepatology 2011)
Evolution of Genomic Instability in Diethylnitrosamine-Induced Hepatocarcinogenesis in Mice Δ
Authors: Aleksic Kristina , Lackner Carolin , Geigl Jochen B. , Schwarz Martina , Auer Martina , Ulz Peter , Fischer Maria , Trajanoski Zlatko , Otte Marcus , Speicher Michael R. 
Published: December 2010

Abstract

Diethylnitrosamine (DEN) is a hepatic procarcinogen which is frequently used as an inducer of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in mice. Although mice after DEN exposure are among the most widely used models for liver tumorigenesis, a detailed, mechanistic characterization of the longitudinal changes in the respective tumor genomes has never been performed. Here we established the chronological order of genetic alterations during DEN carcinogenesis by examining mice at different points in time. Tumor samples were isolated by laser microdissection and subjected to array-comparative genomic hybridization (array-CGH) and sequencing analysis. Chromosomal gains and losses were observed in tumors by week 32 and increased significantly by week 56. Loss of distal chromosome 4q, including the tumor suppressors

Runx3

and

Nr0b2/Shp
, was a frequent early event and persisted during all tumor stages. Surprisingly, sequencing revealed that β-catenin mutations occurred late and were clearly preceded by chromosomal instability. Thus, contrary to common belief, β-catenin mutations and activation of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway are not involved in tumor initiation in this model of chemical hepatocarcinogenesis.

Conclusion:

Our study suggests that the majority of the current knowledge about genomic changes in HCC is based on advanced tumor lesions and that systematic analyses of the chronologic order including early lesions may reveal new, unexpected findings. (Hepatology 2011;)
Folic acid and prevention of colorectal adenomas: A combined analysis of randomized clinical trials
Authors: Figueiredo Jane C. , Mott Leila A. , Giovannucci Edward , Wu Kana , Cole Bernard , Grainge Matthew J. , Logan Richard F. , Baron John A. 
Published: December 2010

AbstractObservational data suggest that lower folate status is associated with an increased risk of colorectal neoplasia, implying that folate may be useful as a chemopreventive agent. We conducted a combined analysis of three large randomized trials of folic acid supplementation for the prevention of metachronous adenomas in patients with an adenoma history. Participants included 2,632 men and women who had a history of adenomas randomized to either 0.5 or 1.0 mg/day of folic acid or placebo and who had a follow‐up endoscopy 6 to 42 months after randomization [mean = 30.6 (standard deviation = 8.1) months]. We used random‐effects meta‐analysis to estimate risk ratios (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). The RR comparing folic acid versus placebo was 0.98 (95% CI = 0.82–1.17) for all adenomas and 1.06 (95% CI = 0.81–1.39) for advanced lesions. Folic acid was associated with a nonsignificant decreased risk of any adenoma among subjects in the lowest quartile of baseline plasma folate (≤11 nmol/L) and no effect among individuals in the highest quartile (>29 nmol/L, p for trend = 0.17). There was a nonsignificant trend of decreasing risk of any adenoma associated with folic acid supplements with increasing alcohol intake. During the early follow‐up reported here, more deaths occurred in the placebo group than in the folic acid group (1.7% vs. 0.5%, p = 0.002). In conclusion, after up to 3.5 years of folic acid use, there is no clear decrease or increase in the occurrence of new adenomas in patients with a history of adenoma.