bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Types of lichen at Tenggulun Restoration Station, Leuser Ecosystem Area (LEA), Aceh Tamiang, Aceh Province, Indonesia
Authors: Fahmi M H , Siregar E S , Aththorick T A 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Lichen is an organism formed by two organisms between algae and fungi (mutualistic symbiosis). The main part of lichen is the thallus. This study aims to identify types of lichen in the Tenggulun Restoration Station in Leuser Ecosystem Area (LEA) Aceh Tamiang, Aceh Province, Indonesia using the explore method. The research data is species names, characters, and ecological conditions which include altitude, humidity, temperature, pH, and light intensity. Sampling was carried out on all types of substrates along the tracking path. The results of a study found 25 species of lichen from 21 genus and 13 families with 3 different types of thallus. The most common types of thallus lichen found were grouped into 20 types of crustose, 4 types of foliose, and 1 type of filamentous. Ecological conditions at study sites are varied.
Structure and composition of rehabilitated mangrove in Lubuk Kertang Village, North Sumatra, Indonesia
Authors: Pandiangan P , Basyuni M , Amelia R , Al Mustaniroh S S , Elfiati D , Sidik F , Arifanti V B , Sivaipram I , Salmo S G 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Mangroves are generally distributed in tidal zones along tropical and subtropical coasts and are known as woody halophytes. Mangroves are one of the most productive and efficient long-term natural carbon sinks. Deforestation and mangrove degradation produced substantial carbon emissions that account for the majority and salt marshes emissions. Mangroves play an important role in protecting against storms and sea level rise, preventing coastline erosion, regulating coastal water quality, providing habitat for commercial interests. This study was conducted to measure the diversity, structure and composition of forests in the rehabilitation of abandoned pond mangrove forests in Lubuk Kertang Village, West Brandan District, Langkat Regency, North Sumatra. The method used was to conduct a census in a 1.6 ha restoration forest by measuring the overall diameter, height and species found. Fourteen species were found, namely Aegiceras corniculatum, Avicennia marina, Acrostichum aureum, Bruguiera gymnorrhiza, Ceriops tags, Exoecaria agallocha, Finlaysonia maritimea, Nypa fruticans Rhizophora apiculata, Rhizophora mucronata, Rhizophora stylosa, Sonneratia alba, Scyphiphora hydrophyllacea, Sesuvium portulacastrum.
Decomposition rate of Rhizophora mucronata leaf litter and identification of fungi in mangrove ecosystems in Pulau Sembilan, Pangkalan Susu District, Langkat Regency
Authors: Yunasfi  , Samosir PA , Dalimunthe A , Lestari S , Auri M R A , Sihite Y , Ramadhan Y I , Fadhilah A , Noer Z 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Mangrove leaves that fall to the ground play an important role in transferring organic matter from plants into the soil. Organic matter from leaf decomposition is important for mangrove growth and as a food source for ecosystems in the surrounding waters. This study aims to determine the rate of decompositionof Rhizophora mucronate leaves, thelevels of carbohydrates and proteins contained in the decomposed leaves, and the species of fungi present in the leaves. Research samples were taken from mangrove forest areas in Pulau Sembilan, Pangkalan Susu District, Langkat Regency, decomposition rate testing and fungi identification were carried out at the forest cultivation laboratory, Faculty of forestry, University of North Sumatra. The research was conducted from June to December 2022. The results showed that the decomposition rate was 5.9 and there were 5 species of fungi found in the leaves that had undergone decomposition, namely Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus oryzae, Aspergillus fumigatus, Aspergillus glaucus, Aspergillus clatavus. The carbohydratecontent decreased during decomposition, with the highest content in the control on day 30 at10.7% and at the end of the 90th day observation only 1.89%. The remaining leaf litter of R.mucronata was 9.16 g with a weight loss of 30.84 g and a decomposition rate percentage of 22.89% on day 15 had the lowest weight loss of leaf litter, the remaining leaf litter was 22.86g with a weightloss of 17.14 gand a decomposition ratepercentage of 57.15%.
Potential biodiversity of biopesticide plants in the Sopotinjak Sector, Batang Gadis National Park (BGNP), Mandailing Natal, North Sumatera
Authors: Afifuddin Y , Rauf A , Aththorick T A 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Indonesia is rich in biodiversity of plant species as a source of medicinal chemicals and biopesticides, most of which have not been identified for their chemical potential. One potential that has not been explored is a source of poisons for the manufacture of biopesticides. This research aims to identify and diversify poisonous plants in the Sopotinjak sector, Batang Gadis National Park (BGNP), Mandailing Natal. The results of the study show that the sopotinjak forest is included in secondary to a primary forest where the H” index (Shannon-Wienner Index) includes height (>3.00) at the level of trees (3.74), poles (3.11), and understoreys (3.41), and moderate (2.00-3.00) at the saplings (2.81) and seedlings (2.23). Vegetation analysis measurements showed that there were 16 species of biopesticide plants where all species had itching, burning, burning, and excessive irritation if exposed to the skin. Based on the level it shows that there are 8 species of tree level, 6 species of saplings and undergrowth, 4 species of poles, and 2 species of seedlings. Based on height it shows that the measurement area is from 1000-1600 masl was not significantly related to the number of individuals found and the species present, found 19-30 species of undergrowth, 9-14 species at seedling level, 16-21 species at sapling level, 10-30 species at pole level, and 32-50 species at tree level.
Fungi from mangrove forest and their potential for decolorization
Authors: Munir E , Fazri A A N , Saleh M N 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Role of mangrove forests has been elucidated from different aspects including culture, economic and environments, and potential microbes from mangrove area has been interested from different viewpoints. This study is to determine the diversity of fungi from mangrove forest and their ability to degrade dye. Fungi were isolated from mangrove water of Belawan, North Sumatera, and screened for their decolorization activity in Mineral Salt Medium Agar (MSMA) containing liquid dye waste at a concentration of 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100%. Five isolates, JPM 1, JPM 10, JPM 12, JPM 14 and JPM 15, of 23 purified isolates exhibited better growth response until the highest concentration of waste (100%). All isolates showed better decolorization activity under liquid culture condition. JPM 14 85.66% exhibited the highest decolorization activity after 30 days. Molecular identification of 5 potential isolates indicted that all belong to different species, namely Aspergillus niger (JPM 1), Aspergillus citrinoterreus (JPM 10), Fusarium oxysporum (JPM 12), Montagnula chromolaenicola (JPM 14) and Trichoderma lentiforme (JPM 15).
Analysis of mangrove vegetation on Mursala Island
Authors: Rangkuti A B , Basyuni M , Elfiati D , Susetya I E , Hutagaol F , Rangkuti R R 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Mangrove forest destruction is a serious problem that is currently occurring in almost all of Indonesia. To ensure the success of mangrove forest rehabilitation and as evaluation material, monitoring the condition of the rehabilitated mangrove ecosystem is very important. The methods used in measuring and observing mangrove vegetation are the path method and the grid line method. Transects were selected using the Purposive Sampling method after conducting an initial survey. The transect locations were chosen to reflect the overall condition of the mangrove forest in the study area. As a result of the research, 30 research plots were built, and 6 types of mangrove species from 3 families were obtained, namely Rhizophoraceae (Rhizophora stylosa, Rhizophora mucronata, Rhizophora apiculata, Bruguiera gymnorhiza), Combretaceae (Lumnitzera racemosa), and Meliaceae (Xylocarpus granatum). Rhizophora stylosa dominates with the highest IVI, namely (118.4), followed by Rhizophora mucronata (78.0) and Rhizophora Apiculata (55.1). This shows that Rhizophora stylosa has the strongest role in the tree community in the study area. At the seedling stage, the diversity index (H’) reached 0.4, indicating a relatively low level of diversity. At the sapling stage, the diversity index increased to 1.0585 and at the tree growth stage, the diversity index was 1.38, indicating a balanced level of diversity.
Antifungal potential of volatiles produced by Aspergillus neoniger F14 against Ganoderma boninense
Authors: Lutfia A , Rupaedah B , Hartanto A 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Ganoderma boninense Pat. is a fungal pathogen that primarily afflicts oil palm, leading to decreased palm oil yield and significant economic losses. The recent focus on biocontrol agents producing acids and volatile compounds has gained momentum due to their straightforward synthesis and ease of interaction with the phytopathogen. This research is a component of a project aimed at exploring the local biodiversity of antagonistic fungi in the oil palm plantation environment, with a specific focus on volatile organic compounds (VOCs) detected using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). Isolate F14, a collection in the Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, BRIN, Indonesia was identified as Aspergillus neoniger, a novel report as a soil-originating fungal community in Indonesian oil palm plantations. VOC profiling using GC-MS revealed five dominant compounds namely (Z)-9-Tricosene, 1,2,3,4,5-Pentamethylcyclopentane, Dihexyl carbonate, Pentadecane, and Tridecyl laurate. Based on aromatogram disc tests against G. boninense colonies, it was determined that VOCs from A. neoniger F14 inhibited growth by 48% on the fifth day. The findings of this study contribute supportive information for further investigations into VOCs produced by other local antagonistic isolates against G. boninense.
The effect of molasses addition on physicochemical and sensory characteristics of tempeh-based soy sauce
Authors: Widodo F , Lo D 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Tempeh is an indigenous traditional fermented food from Indonesia that is rich in protein and phenolics. Unfortunately, tempeh is highly perishable, with a shelf life of 36-48 hours at room temperature. Making soy sauce from tempeh can increase tempeh’s functional value and shelf life. However, tempeh-based soy sauce has different sensory characteristics than koji-based soy sauce. Therefore, molasses can be used to increase consumer preferences. Molasses is a sweetener that has a unique aroma of caramels and dark color. This research aims to determine the effect of molasses addition on the physicochemical and sensory characteristics of tempeh soy sauce based on consumer preferences. Four different concentrations of molasses (0%, 2%, 4% and 6%) in tempeh soy sauce were used in this research, with commercial soy sauce as a benchmark. After soy sauce was fermented for 2 months, L*, a* and b* values, total dissolved solids (TDS), hedonic and just about right (JAR) tests were analyzed. Results showed that adding molasses significantly increased L*, a*, b* and TDS values. Commercial soy sauce and tempeh-based soy sauce with 4% molasses and 6% molasses additions were not significantly different and were the most preferred. Based on the penalty test, commercial soy sauce and the addition of 4% molasses do not have the characteristics of entering the critical corner.
Effects of matcha supplementation on in vitro digestibility and sensory acceptance of soy milk
Authors: Lie E , Surya R 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Obesity is a major non-communicable disease that has a strong correlation to other chronic diseases such as hypertension therefore the requirement of functional foods elevates throughout the year. Matcha is known for its anti-obesity properties due to its catechin content. Soymilk is also known for its bioactive compounds for health. This research’s aim is to understand the effect between matcha concentration towards inhibition ability of digestive enzymes. Sensory evaluation is carried out with home-use-test. Results show that matcha is a strong inhibitor of lipase and a weak inhibitor of amylase which may be due to the presence of tea polyphenols. Addition of 2.4% and 1.2% matcha shows 79.176% and 45.702% lipase inhibition respectively. In contrast, trypsin and pancreatin activity is enhanced. Whereas results show no inhibition of α-amylase activity. Sample 1.2% matcha shows protease inhibition and α- amylase inhibition value -15.670% and 3.216%. The addition of 1.2% matcha is likable amongst all which makes it the best formulation for functionality and acceptance.
Workers knowledge and anticipation in reducing adverse impacts of climate change
Authors: Sudarwati L , Badaruddin  , Zulkifli  , Humaizi  , Irmayani T 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Climate change has become a global environmental issue that impacts all sectors of life, including agriculture. This study aims to determine workers’ knowledge of climate change in Karang Anyar Village Hamlet VII A Beringin Sub-district and workers’ anticipation strategies in reducing the adverse effects of climate change. This study used a qualitative approach. Informants were selected based on the criteria of wet-rice workers who have been farming for ten years by implementing semi-organic farming. Data were collected through interview techniques and literature study. Data analysis was conducted using the descriptive analysis method. The study results showed that workers know about climate change limited to seeing natural signs. Adverse impacts of climate change include a decrease in rice productivity. Workers anticipate reducing the adverse impacts of climate change by using rice varieties that are resistant to climate change, reducing the use of chemical insecticides and vegetable pesticides, and implementing a sustainable agricultural system.
A model-based study of the dehydration kinetics of pretreated cassava flour
Authors: Nainggolan E A , Anwar D , Urbanová K 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The investigation of the dehydration kinetics of cassava tubers is crucial for understanding their role as raw materials and semi-finished products in the food industry. This knowledge is particularly important for achieving the desired attributes of cassava flour as a dry food product. The primary aims of this investigation were to examine the impact of different pretreatment methods applied to cassava pulp and identify the most suitable mathematical model for characterizing the drying kinetics of cassava flour. The cassava pulp was subjected to some pretreatments that included soaking and blanching. The application of a pretreatment soaking method using distilled water has shown the capability to decrease the duration of the drying process. The Wang and Singh model produced the highest coefficient of determination values ranging from 0.9535 to 0.9937 and the lowest sum square error values ranging from 0.0171 to 0.0213 across all processed cassava flour. In the cassava drying industry, knowing about the influence of soaking and blanching on the dehydration kinetics of the cassava flour can help set the proper process parameters.
Chemical and functional properties of starch nanoparticle from purple sweet potato var. ayamurasaki
Authors: Nasution A R , Julianti Elisa , Kaban Jamaran 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The native purple sweet potato (PSP) starch of the Ayamurasaki variety has drawbacks that limit its application in food. This study aims to produce starch nanoparticles from PSP by hydrolysis using 3 types of acids, such as citric acid, acetic acid, and lactic acid. The hydrolysis process was carried out by incubating PSP starch suspension using an acid solution with a concentration of 7.5% and the ratio of starch and acid was 1:5 (w/w). The resulting PSP starch nanoparticles were analyzed for their chemical and functional characteristics. The study design used a Completely Randomized Non-Factorial Design with four repetitions. The results showed that the hydrolysis process produced starch with amylose content, total sugar content, reducing sugar content, and swelling power which were significantly different (p<0.05) from the native PSP starch. However, the dextrose equivalent value (DE), degree of polymerization (DP), and solubility of the PSP starch nanoparticles were not significantly different (p>0.05) from the native PSP starch. The type of acid had a significantly different effect on the amylose content, total sugar and reducing sugar content, but had no significant effect on the DE, DP, swelling power and solubility values of the PSP starch nanoparticles. Significantly (p<0.05) hydrolysis of starch with acetic acid resulted in the highest yield of starch nanoparticles. Starch hydrolysis with acetic acid significantly (p<0.05) produced the highest yield of PSP starch nanoparticles.
Ethnobotanical Study of Efficacious Plants in Urban Communities
Authors: Latifah S , Fachrudin K A 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Indonesia’s biodiversity provides many benefits for the people of the archipelago, one of which is as an Efficacious Plant. They are renewable biological natural resources that have high economic prospects in the future. Traditional knowledge or wisdom community in the utilization of natural resources, especially plants (ethnobotany) is a cultural wealth that needs to be explored for management the tradition is not lost. The purpose of this research is to make an inventory of the types of Efficacious Plants that have been used by the family. The research method was carried out by observing the Efficacious Plant used by the community. The field data collection technique is observation field and semi-structured interviews or interviews deep Efficacious Plant grown to meet family needs will be made by themselves or sold to consumers. According to an ethnobotanical study at the research site, 21 useful plant species were found that were often used by the local population. Among these plants are Curcuma sp., Kaempferia galanga, Andrographis paniculata, Alpinia galanga and Zingiber sp. Is predominantly from the Zingiberaceae family. Parts of Efficacious Plant that are often used are leaves, fruit, bark, and rhizomes. Biological natural resources in the form of Efficacious plants have a large enough function to meet human health needs.
Ethnobotany of spice plants in Namo Rambe village, North Sumatra, Indonesia
Authors: Rambey R , Alwin S , Witri P , Yanri  , Sari Y E , Kembaren Y , Nelasufa F , Nainggolan I D 
Published: June 2024

AbstractEthnobotany is a science that studies the relationships between humans, both tribes and social groups, and their interactions with plants. Spices are defined as spices derived from plants or herbs, both fresh and dried, which are aromatic and can be used as seasonings, flavor enhancers, fragrances and food preservatives. This research was conducted in Namo Rambe Village, Pancur Batu District, Deli Serdang, North Sumatra. Sampling was carried out using observation and interview methods and then analyzed descriptively by paying attention to the UVS (Use Value Species), FUV (Family use-value) and FL % (Fidelity level) values. Based on the results of interviews with 40 respondents, 25 types of spices consisting of 13 families were obtained. The highest UVS value forZ. officinaleis 0.375, meaningZ. officinalehas a significant role in people’s lives and is often used in various aspects of daily life. The lowest UVS index is 0.025%. found in 6 plant species, meaning these plant types are not often used in everyday life. The highest FUV index is 0.18 for spices from the Poaceae family, which means that plant types from the Poaceae family are often used by people in everyday life and the lowest is 0.03 for the Solanaceae family, which means that plant types from the Solanaceae family are not often used by people in their daily life. everyday life. The highest FL index (%) in spice plants is 32.5% in Z.officinaleplants, meaning that this type of plant is most widely used by people for food, drinks, medicines and the lowest FL index (%) in T. indica plants, A. schoenoprasum,C. frutencens, A. cardamomum, K. galangal, P. ningrum, M. fragransamounted to 2.5%, which means that people do not use many of these types of plants as medicinal ingredients.
Risk reduction through spatial plan: A case study from Surabaya, Indonesia
Authors: Pamungkas A , Larasati K D , Zakina N , Iranata D 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Spatial planning has a vital role in mitigating and reducing risks by discouraging settlements and other forms of development in hazard-prone areas. Integrating spatial planning and disaster risk reduction is crucial to achieving resilient cities. Selecting Surabaya City in Indonesia as a case study, this research uses a questionnaire, in-depth interview, and documentary study to evaluate the performance of Surabaya spatial planning documents on risk reduction. This paper aims to formulate substantial steps to integrate risk reduction in Indonesian spatial planning based on evaluation to Surabaya spatial plans. The result shows that the performance of Surabaya spatial plans on average is scored 2.26 out of 5, indicating that the integration of disaster risk reduction on the Surabaya spatial planning document is still low. In response to this performance gap, eight policy recommendations are formulated to improve the future Indonesian spatial plan. In conclusion, the policy recommendations for future Indonesian spatial planning in making resilient cities are; conducting comprehensive research on risk management, mainstreaming risk reduction in development policies, limiting urban development in hazard-prone areas, providing adequate risk reduction infrastructures and emergency infrastructures, considering both hazard and risk maps for land-use allocation, making a detailed land-use control based on varieties of relevant hazards, and enacting clear incentives and disincentives mechanism related to risk reduction.
Community Organizing towards Climate Smart Disaster Risk Management in Flood-prone Settlement Revitalization Project (The Case of RW 01 Mojo, Surakarta, in Bengawan Solo Riverbank)
Authors: Andini I 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Squatter settlement of Bengawan Solo riverbank had been a complicated issue since early 2000s. The problem of land tenure, substandard infrastructure, illegal housing, and low socio-economic resilience adding up to the already flood-prone urban area of Surakarta. This paper aimed to understand the dynamics of community organization during the proses of revitalization project. Using a qualitative approach, a range of data were collected from official documents, two indepth interviews and two focus group discussions. Revitalization project came up looking like a panacea in a collaborative approach manifesting in negotiation on how revitalization took place. The findings were revealed using CSDRM tool, uncovered that upon the implementation, stakeholders network dynamics had undergone significant changes through the process of community organizing. External actors offered a trigger to the community to organize itself, to handle conflict and to plan a resolution. The dynamics of stakeholder network showed that innovative approach of urban revitalization in RW 1 Mojo has unleash the potentials of riverbank community to contribute more towards a resilient urban area, induced by the external stakeholders.