bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Brief motivational feedback and cognitive behavioral interventions for prevention of disordered gambling: a randomized clinical trial
Authors: Larimer Mary E. , Neighbors Clayton , Lostutter Ty W. , Whiteside Ursula , Cronce Jessica M. , Kaysen Debra , Walker Denise D. 
Published: December 2011

ABSTRACTAims  The purpose of the current study was to evaluate feasibility and efficacy of two promising approaches to indicated prevention of disordered gambling in a college population.Design  Randomized clinical trial with assignment to a personalized feedback intervention (PFI), cognitive–behavioral intervention (CBI) or assessment‐only control (AOC). PFI was delivered individually in a single session and included feedback regarding gambling behavior, norms, consequences and risk‐reduction tips, delivered in a motivational interviewing style. CBI was delivered in small groups over four to six sessions and included functional analysis and brief cognitive correction, as well as identification of and alternatives for responding to gambling triggers.Setting  College campus.Participants  At‐risk or probable pathological gamblers (n = 147; 65.3% male; group assignment: PFI, n = 52; CBI, n = 44; AOC, n = 51).Measurements  Self‐reported gambling quantity, frequency, consequences, psychopathology, normative perceptions and beliefs.Findings  Relative to control, results at 6‐month follow‐up indicated reductions in both interventions for gambling consequences (PFI d = 0.48; CBI d = 0.39) and DSM‐IV criteria (PFI d = 0.60; CBI d = 0.48), reductions in frequency for PFI (d = 0.48). CBI was associated with reduced illusions of control, whereas PFI was associated with reduced perceptions of gambling frequency norms. Reductions in perceived gambling frequency norms mediated effects of PFI on gambling frequency.Conclusions  A single‐session personalized feedback intervention and a multi‐session cognitive–behavioral intervention may be helpful in reducing disordered gambling in US college students.
Disrupted phylogeographical microsatellite and chloroplast DNA patterns indicate a vicariance rather than long‐distance dispersal origin for the disjunct distribution of the Chilean endemic Dioscorea biloba (Dioscoreaceae) around the Atacama Desert
Authors: Viruel Juan , Catalán Pilar , Segarra‐Moragues José Gabriel 
Published: December 2011

AbstractAim  The Chilean endemic Dioscorea biloba (Dioscoreaceae) is a dioecious geophyte that shows a remarkable 600 km north–south disjunction in the peripheral arid area of the Atacama Desert. Its restricted present‐day distribution and probable Neogene origin indicate that its populations have a history linked to that of the Atacama Desert, making this an ideal model species with which to investigate the biogeography of the region.Location  Chile, Atacama Desert and peripheral arid area.Methods  Two hundred and seventy‐five individuals from nine populations were genotyped for seven nuclear microsatellite loci, and plastid trnL–F and trnT–L sequences were obtained for a representative subset of these. Analyses included the estimation of genetic diversity and population structure through clustering, Bayesian and analysis of molecular variance analyses, and statistical parsimony networks of chloroplast haplotypes. Isolation by distance was tested against alternative dispersal hypotheses.Results  Microsatellite markers revealed moderate to high levels of genetic diversity within populations, with those from the southern Limarí Valley showing the highest values and northern populations showing less exclusive alleles. Bayesian analysis of microsatellite data identified three genetic groups that corresponded to geographical ranges. Chloroplast phylogeography revealed no haplotypes shared between northern and southern ranges, and little haplotype sharing between the two neighbouring southern valleys. Dispersal models suggested the presence of extinct hypothetical populations between the southern and northern ranges.Main conclusions  Our results are consistent with prolonged isolation of the northern and southern groups, mediated by the life‐history traits of the species. Significant isolation was revealed at both large and moderate distances as gene flow was not evident even between neighbouring valleys. Bayesian analyses of microsatellite and chloroplast haplotype diversity identified the southern area of Limarí as the probable area of origin of the species. Our data do not support recent dispersal of D. biloba from the southern range into Antofagasta, but indicate the fragmentation of an earlier wider range, concomitant with the Pliocene–Pleistocene climatic oscillations, with subsequent extinctions of the Atacama Desert populations and the divergence of the peripheral ones as a consequence of genetic drift.
Male parent effects on stigma receptivity and seed set of sorghum A‐lines under chilling field temperatures
Authors: Eugenia Cisneros‐López Ma. , Mendoza‐Onofre Leopoldo E. , González‐Hernández Víctor A. 
Published: December 2011

With 3 tablesAbstractSorghum hybrid seed production involves restorer (R) and maintainer (B) lines as pollen donors. In the Mexican Highlands, R‐lines produce more viable pollen than B‐lines. The influence of this characteristic on stigma receptivity and seed set (seeds/flowers) of A‐lines is unknown. Six pairs of A/B lines and four R‐lines were sown. In the A‐lines, length of stigma, style and ovary, stigma receptivity and seed set were registered. In the B‐ and R‐lines, pollen traits (production, diameter and viability) were measured. Crosses A × R were made, and the A × B isogenic crosses served as controls. There were differences (P ≤ 0.05) among genotypes for all variables. Stigma receptivity traits averaged over the A × R crosses were lower than those of the A × B crosses. Seed production traits of the A‐lines varied depending upon the R‐line crossed to, but the highest seed set was 0.37. Pollen characteristics of the B‐ or R‐lines did not correlate with stigma receptivity and neither with seed production nor with seed set of the A‐lines.
When to use biological agents in inflammatory bowel disease
Authors: Corte Crispin , Saxena Payal , Tattersall Stephen , Selinger Christian , Leong Rupert W 
Published: December 2011

AbstractThe use of biological agents in inflammatory bowel diseases across the Asia‐Pacific region is increasing. As new molecules and targets are identified, knowledge regarding the indications, utility, optimization and adverse effects of biological agents grows. Careful patient selection, attention to communication and patient education will maximize the benefit of these drugs. Tertiary referral centers with specific interest in inflammatory bowel diseases and experience play an important role in their use. There is enormous opportunity for patients to benefit from biological agents in the therapy of Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. Use of these agents has been studied across a variety of indications and populations, and at different stages in the disease course. Failure to respond or loss of response can result from different causes, and can be medically managed in many cases. More research on the pleiotropic effects, safety of biological agents and biomarkers in the prediction of response will provide a sounder basis for individually directing therapy. Adverse events such as opportunistic infection and malignancy can occur, and screening prior to therapy and discussion on risk‐benefit of the various management options are important. Cost of these medications especially with maintenance therapy remains an important issue in many Asia‐Pacific countries. New and more specific agents will better target therapy and minimize adverse events.
CD14 expression and Kupffer cell dysfunction in non‐alcoholic steatohepatitis: Superparamagnetic iron oxide‐magnetic resonance image and pathologic correlation
Authors: Tonan Tatsuyuki , Fujimoto Kiminori , Qayyum Aliya , Morita Yasuyo , Nakashima Osamu , Ono Noriyuki , Kawahara Akihiko , Kage Masayoshi , Hayabuchi Naofumi , Ueno Takato 
Published: December 2011

AbstractBackground and Aim:  Kupffer cell (KC) function and CD14 expression contributes to pathogenesis of non‐alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). However, these relationships remain unclear. We investigated the relationship of KC function with superparamagnetic iron oxide‐enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (SPIO‐MRI), histopathological severity of NASH, and number of CD14‐positive KCs in NASH.Methods:  This retrospective study included 32 patients (24 with NASH and eight with simple steatosis) who had previously undergone SPIO‐MRI with T2‐weighted gradient‐recalled echo sequence. All subjects were diagnosed pathologically and were evaluated for necroinflammation grade, fibrosis stage, and number of CD14‐positive KCs. Patients with NASH and simple steatosis were compared by using the Mann–Whitney test to determine differences in percent reduction of liver‐to‐muscle signal intensity ratio (reduction‐%LMR), as a surrogate parameter of KC function, and number of CD14‐positive KCs. Kruskal–Wallis test and Pearson's correlation coefficient were used to analyze relation among reduction‐%LMR, histopathological severity and number of CD14‐positive KCs.Results:  There were statistically significant differences in reduction‐%LMR and number of CD14‐positive KCs between NASH and simple steatosis patients (Mann–Whitney test, P < 0.001 for all comparisons). Reduction‐%LMR decreased with an increase in necroinflammation grade or fibrosis stage. The number of CD14‐positive KCs increased with an increase in necroinflammation grade and fibrosis stage (Kruskal–Wallis test, both, P < 0.001). A high correlation was seen between number of CD14‐positive KCs and reduction‐%LMR (Pearson r = 0.81; P < 0.001).Conclusions:  KC phagocytic function evaluated with SPIO‐MRI correlated with histopathological severity and number of CD14‐positive KCs. These results support the concept that KC phagocytic dysfunction contributes to the pathogenesis of NASH.
Treatment of granuloma annulare with the 595‐nm pulsed dye laser, a multicentre retrospective study with long‐term follow‐up
Authors: Passeron T. , Fusade T. , Vabres P. , Bousquet‐Rouaud R. , Collet‐Vilette A.‐M. , Dahan S. , Toubel G. 
Published: December 2011

AbstractBackground  Granuloma annulare (GA) is limited in most cases to isolated lesions, but more widespread generalized forms can be observed. In both cases, the treatment remains highly challenging. Isolated case reports suggested the interest of treating GA with a pulsed dye laser (PDL).Objective  To evaluate the PDL in treating GA.Materials and methods  Retrospective multicentre study. Each patient should have at least two lesions of GA including at least one that remained untreated to serve as a control. The evaluation was performed on an Investigator Global Assessment for each lesion as compared with baseline.Results  Thirteen patients (five with localized GA and eight with generalized GA) with a total of 59 lesions have been treated with a maximum of three PDL sessions. Sixteen lesions (27.1%) achieved >50% of clearing (14% of lesions for generalized GA and 56.2% for localized GA). Transient hyperpigmentation and crusting were observed in 59% and 86% of lesions respectively. The median follow‐up was 6 months (2–12) and 10 lesions (all in generalized GA) recurred after initial clearing.Conclusion  Generalized GA showed weak improvement after treatment with a high recurrence rate. Only localized forms showed notable improvement in a more than half of treated lesions. Thus, PDL could be proposed as an alternative approach, but only for localized forms of GA.
Double trouble? The effects of sleep deprivation and chronotype on adolescent affect
Authors: Dagys Natasha , McGlinchey Eleanor L. , Talbot Lisa S. , Kaplan Katherine A. , Dahl Ronald E. , Harvey Allison G. 
Published: December 2011

Background:  Two understudied risk factors that have been linked to emotional difficulties in adolescence are chronotype and sleep deprivation. This study extended past research by using an experimental design to investigate the role of sleep deprivation and chronotype on emotion in adolescents. It was hypothesized that sleep deprivation and an evening chronotype would be associated with decreased positive affect (PA), increased negative affect (NA), and lower positivity ratios.Methods:  Forty‐seven healthy adolescents (aged 10–15 for girls, 11–16 for boys) participated in a sleep deprivation and a rested condition. A subsample of 24 adolescents was selected on the basis of extreme morningness or eveningness scores (based on outer quartiles of scores on the Children’s Morningness‐Eveningness Preferences Scale). PA and NA were measured using the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule for Children, and positivity ratios were calculated by dividing PA by NA.Results:  Participants reported less positive affect and lower positivity ratios when sleep deprived, relative to when rested. Evening chronotypes reported less positive affect and lower positivity ratios than morning chronotypes in both rested and sleep deprivation conditions.Conclusions:  These findings extend previous research by suggesting that adolescents are adversely impacted by sleep deprivation, and that an evening chronotype might serve as a useful marker of emotional vulnerability. Early intervention and prevention strategies can focus on improving sleep and on using chronotherapy principles to reduce eveningness.
Analysis of Left Ventricular Impedance in Comparison With Ultrasound Images
Authors: Choi Seong Wook , Park Sung Min 
Published: December 2011

AbstractCardiac monitoring of ventricular assist devices (VADs) is important for detecting heart failure risks, such as critical arrhythmia and ventricular fibrillation, and for supplying data that are useful for hemodynamic control. Specifically, impedance cardiograms (ICGs) are especially beneficial because they have no effect on the tissue or organs and can monitor various parameters simultaneously, including the heart rate and heart contractions. In this article, we measured impedance changes in porcine left ventricles using electrodes placed around the inlet and outlet cannulae of the VAD. The measured left ventricular impedance (LVI) waveform changes are caused by heart movements, such as cardiac muscle contraction and changes in blood volume as a result of heart filling and emptying. In contrast to other impedance measurements, LVI is less affected by the movement of other organs. Using a porcine model, LVIs were measured and compared with blood flow data measured with an ultrasound blood flowmeter. The ICG showed the same frequency as the animal's heart rate, and their amplitudes were closely related to cardiac output (CO). However, the waveform differed from other vital signs, such as CO, electrocardiogram, and blood pressure. Ultrasound images were used to explain the impedance waveform. In the ultrasound images, we obtained the shape and size of the animal's heart and calculated the predicted impedance data. We then compared these to the actual measured data. These results show that the impedance signal contains detailed information on heart rate and CO; these results were unaffected by the cannulae or VAD perfusion.
Reliability and validity of a Japanese version of the Oral Health Impact Profile for edentulous subjects
Authors: Sato Yusuke , Kaiba Yoshinori , Yamaga Eijiro , Minakuchi Shunsuke 
Published: December 2011

doi: 10.1111/j.1741‐2358.2011.00606.xReliability and validity of a Japanese version of the Oral Health Impact Profile for edentulous subjectsObjective:  To evaluate the reliability and validity of the Japanese version of the Oral Health Impact Profile for edentulous (OHIP‐EDENT‐J) patients.Background:  Oral Health Impact Profile for edentulous is an appropriate instrument for assessing the Quality of life (QOL) in edentulous patients. However, the reliability and validity of the Japanese version had not been evaluated.Methods:  The study was conducted on 116 edentulous patients (Group A, requiring new dentures, n = 61; Group B, already having dentures, n = 55). Cronbach’s alpha (α) was used to measure internal consistency of the summary scores for OHIP‐EDENT‐J and various subscales in Groups A and B. The interclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and 95% confidence interval of the summary scores for OHIP‐EDENT‐J and subscales were calculated. The summary scores for OHIP‐EDENT‐J in Groups A and B were compared with evaluate content validity. The Spearman’s correlation coefficient between the summary scores for OHIP‐EDENT‐J and the satisfaction with dentures (100 mm VAS) was calculated for Groups A and B to evaluate concurrent validity.Results:  The reliability of the summary scores for OHIP‐EDENT‐J was good (α = 0.93). The ICC of the summary scores for OHIP‐EDENT‐J was 0.85. Summary scores for OHIP‐EDENT‐J were significantly different (p = 0.027) between Group A and Group B, with Group A having the higher value. The Spearman’s correlation coefficient for the degree of satisfaction with dentures and the summary scores for OHIP‐EDENT‐J, calculated for Groups A and B (n = 107), was −0.609.Conclusion:  The OHIP‐EDENT‐J, a questionnaire on oral health–related QOL comprising 19 items, showed good reliability and validity for edentulous patients.
Association between oral health and body cell mass in hospitalised elderly
Authors: Solemdal Kirsten , Sandvik Leiv , Møinichen‐Berstad Christina , Skog Karina , Willumsen Tiril , Mowe Morten 
Published: December 2011

doi: 10.1111/j.1741‐2358.2011.00607.xAssociation between oral health and body cell mass in hospitalised elderlyObjective:  To examine whether oral health in hospitalised elderly was associated with body cell mass (BCM) measured with Bioimpedance spectroscopy.Background:  Body cell mass is the tissue producing the metabolic work necessary for all body functions. BCM is mainly muscle tissue. Low BCM is associated with diseases, ageing and poor nutritional status. Reduced oral health is also associated with these parameters; thus, BCM and oral health may be related.Methods:  Body cell mass was measured using Bioimpedance spectroscopy in 138 acutely hospitalised elderly ≥70 years. The number of own teeth, posterior occluding tooth pairs and decayed teeth were registered. Oral hygiene was registered with Mucosal–Plaque Score, an index based on assessment of plaque accumulation and mucosal/gingival inflammation. Mini Nutritional Assessment‐Short Form, body mass index and handgrip strength were used as nutritional indicators. Comorbidity was assessed with Cumulative Index Rating Scale.Results:  Mean age was 83.2 ± 5.9 years, ranging from 70 to 101 years. Dentition status was significantly and positively associated with BCM. Reduced oral hygiene was significantly associated with low BCM. These findings remained significant after adjusting for confounders.Conclusion:  These results show that compromised oral health was significantly associated with reduced BCM in hospitalised elderly.
Gamma-ray burst observations by Fermi Large Area Telescope revisited: new candidates found
Authors: Rubtsov G. I. , Pshirkov M. S. , Tinyakov P. G. 
Published: December 2011

ABSTRACT
We search the Fermi Large Area Telescope (LAT) photon data base for an extended gamma-ray emission which could be associated with any of the 581 previously detected gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) visible to the Fermi-LAT. For this purpose, we compare the number of photons with energies E &gt; 100 MeV and E &gt; 1 GeV which arrived in the first 1500 s after the burst from the same region, to the expected background. We require that the expected number of false detections does not exceed 0.05 for the entire search and find the high-energy emission in 19 bursts, four of which (GRB 081009, GRB 090720B, GRB 100911 and GRB 100728A) were previously unreported. The first three are detected at energies above 100 MeV, while the last one shows a statistically significant signal only above 1 GeV.
Quantification of Glucose Diffusion in Human Lung Tissues by Using Fourier Domain Optical Coherence Tomography
Authors: Guo Xiao , Wu Guoyong , Wei Huajiang , Deng Xiaoyuan , Yang Hongqin , Ji Yanhong , He Yonghong , Guo Zhouyi , Xie Shusen , Zhong Huiqing , Zhao Qingliang , Zhu Zhenguo 
Published: December 2011

ABSTRACTIn this study, we report permeability coefficients of 30% glucose diffusion by the optical coherence tomography signal slope (OCTSS) method in four kinds of human lung tissue in vitro: normal lung tissue, benign granulomatosis lung tissue, squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma tumor. To quantify the permeability coefficient of the agent, the monitored region was 80 μm thickness at a tissue depth of ca 230 μm from the surface. The permeability coefficients of 30% glucose from 10 independent experiments were averaged and found to be (1.35 ± 0.13) × 10−5 cm s−1 from the normal lung tissue, (1.78 ± 0.21) × 10−5 cm s−1 from the benign granulomatosis lung tissue, (2.88 ± 0.19) × 10−5 cm s−1 from the adenocarcinoma tumor and (3.53 ± 0.25) × 10−5 cm s−1 from the squamous cell carcinoma, respectively. It could be clearly seen that the permeability coefficients of 30% glucose increase ca 32%, 113% and 162% in the benign granulomatosis, adenocarcinoma tumor and squamous cell carcinoma of human lung tissue compared with that from the normal lung tissue, respectively. Therefore, we inferred from this pilot study that the OCT imaging is a feasible method to distinguish normal and cancer lung tissue.
Application and validation of mortality functions to assess the consequences of flooding to people
Authors: Di Mauro M. , de Bruijn K.M. 
Published: December 2011

AbstractThe assessment of potential consequences of a flood event to the exposed population is a key question for flood risk managers. This issue is increasingly a triggering research on assessing potential numbers of fatalities because of flooding. In the past, mortality functions were proposed to estimate the fatalities in areas that are exposed to a hazard because of flood defence failures‐in the Netherlands. This paper describes a study undertaken to validate those mortality functions and assesses their applicability for appraising consequences of flooding to people in a UK‐specific context. The functions were applied to the 1953 North Sea Storm and, in particular, to the Canvey Island that suffered from 58 fatalities as consequence of this flood event. This paper describes the results of this research and provides a review of the criteria used to apply the functions, as well as guidelines for applying these functions in a UK context.
Type III effector genes and other virulence factors of Shiga toxin‐encoding Escherichia coli isolated from wastewater
Authors: Martínez‐Castillo Alexandre , Allué‐Guardia Anna , Dahbi Ghizlane , Blanco Jorge , Creuzburg Kristina , Schmidt Herbert , Muniesa Maite 
Published: December 2011

SummaryPathogenic Shiga toxin‐producing Escherichia coli (STEC) strains share the genes encoding Shiga toxins (stx) and many other virulence factors. The classification and evolutionary studies of pathogenic E. coli based on their virulence genes have been conducted with E. coli isolated from human and animal infections or outbreaks. In this study, we used 103 STEC strains isolated from faecally polluted water environments to analyse 23 virulence genes (stx1, cdt, hlyA, saa, eae, three type III effector genes encoded within the locus of enterocyte effacement (LEE) and 15 non‐LEE‐encoded type III effector genes). Despite the presence of several stx2 variants, our isolates demonstrated low prevalence of the virulence genes (only 46.6% of the strains were positive for virulence determinants). Among these, the largest repertoire was found in a few O157:H7 isolates (most from cattle wastewater and one from sewage), while other serotypes showed fewer virulence determinants. The occurrence of most virulence genes seemed to be independent from one another. This was clear for hlyA (the most prevalent), cdt and cif (the least prevalent). Other effector genes, could be found or not in combination with others, suggesting that they can be mobilized independently. Our data suggest that E. coli strains can evolve separately by independently acquiring mobile genetic elements.