bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fiscal Policy, Government Ideology, and Economic Activity: Evidence from OECD Countries
Authors: COULOMBE RAPHAELLE G. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis study explores the role played by a country's political environment in the origin and effect of government spending. Using a rich data set that contains time‐varying ideological party positions, I show that both government ideology and the timing of elections are key determinants of government spending shocks and Granger‐cause government spending shocks estimated from traditional structural vector autoregressive (SVAR) models that ignore political considerations. I find that the magnitude of the spending multiplier depends on the political context: highly polarized countries have smaller multipliers relative to countries with a low degree of polarization, and established democracies have smaller multipliers than younger democracies.
Social Safety for Black Women in Perinatal Health Care: A Concept Analysis
Authors: Murrell Kadeeja S. , Fleury Julie 
Published: May 2024

IntroductionNon‐Hispanic Black women and their infants experience the worst pregnancy‐related outcomes in the United States. Social safety is a health‐relevant resource found in environments communicating safety, connectedness, inclusion, and protection. Approaches promoting social safety may be particularly relevant to preventing adverse perinatal health outcomes among Black women. However, there remains a lack of conceptual clarity. The purpose of this concept analysis was to provide a theoretical clarification of the concept social safety for Black women within perinatal health care.MethodsPubMed, PsycINFO, and CINAHL were searched using Boolean search strategy. Retrieved articles were managed in Zotero. Duplicates were removed, and each article was assessed and categorized by both investigators. Articles reporting Black women's perinatal health care experiences were included. Thematic analysis guided by Rodgers’ evolutionary method identified defining attributes, antecedents, and consequences of social safety in perinatal care for Black women.ResultsSocial safety for Black women is defined as the process of feeling understood, respected, cared for, and in control in perinatal health care settings that make space, care for, and recognize strengths, thereby cultivating safety and empowerment.DiscussionSocial safety offers actionable insights for practice and research that have the potential to drive positive change in perinatal care delivery for Black women. Developing interventions and measurements that are valid, reliable, and reflect social safety are essential to promote positive experiences and equity in health care practices and policies.
Was Hannah Twynnoy Killed by a Tiger in England in 1703? A Historical Sociological Approach
Authors: David Matthew 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis paper approaches globalization through the lens of folk lore, myth, and John Law's hopeful monsters, focusing on Hannah Twynnoy, a woman allegedly killed by a tiger in Malmesbury (England) in 1703. Hannah's death was taken up three hundred years later as a metaphor for globalization when local factory jobs were relocated to a ‘tiger economy’ (Malaysia). Taken to manifest Thomas Hobbes of Malmesbury's ‘state of nature’, Hannah's story also illustrates the reverse. Globalization can fragment and deregulate, but globalization assembles and regulates to. Hannah's gravestone and burial records blend real and virtual, local, and global; the genealogy of ‘tigers’ challenges Michel Foucault; and questions regarding blame echo across centuries, in ongoing conflict over agency and causation (as per Edmund Evans). Is globalisation a ‘jungle out there’? No. Local factory jobs did go. Nevertheless, sustaining global intellectual property regulation means the company employs more people in Malmesbury today than before manufacturing relocated. After it was announced that local jobs would be ‘eaten up’ by a ‘tiger economy’, a spate of alien big cat (ABC) sightings near Malmesbury did express what Susan Lepselter calls the inchoate injuries of class and power. Indeed, experiencing such fabulous things did resonate with something real.
Temporal and spatial diversity and abundance of cryptophytes in San Diego coastal waters
Authors: Rammel Tristin , Nagarkar Maitreyi , Palenik Brian 
Published: May 2024

AbstractCryptophytes (class Cryptophyceae) are bi‐flagellated eukaryotic protists with mixed nutritional modes and cosmopolitan distribution in aquatic environments. Despite their ubiquitous presence, their molecular diversity is understudied in coastal waters. Weekly 18S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing at the Scripps Institution of Oceanography pier (La Jolla, California) in 2016 revealed 16 unique cryptophyte amplicon sequence variants (ASVs), with two dominant “clade 4” ASVs. The diversity of cryptophytes was lower than what is often seen in other phytoplankton taxa. One ASV represented a known Synechococcus grazer, while the other one appeared not to have cultured representatives and an unknown potential for mixotrophy. These two dominant ASVs were negatively correlated, suggesting possible niche differentiation. The cryptophyte population in nearby San Diego Bay was surveyed in 2019 and showed the increasing dominance of a different clade 4 ASV toward the back of the bay where conditions are warmer, saltier, and shallower relative to other areas in the bay. An ASV representing a potentially chromatically acclimating cryptophyte species also suggested that San Diego Bay exerts differing ecological selection pressures than nearby coastal waters. Cryptophyte and Synechococcus cell abundance at the SIO Pier from 2011 to 2017 showed that cryptophytes were consistently present and had a significant correlation with Synechococcus abundance, but no detectable seasonality. The demonstrated mixotrophy of some cryptophytes suggests that grazing on these and perhaps other bacteria is important for their ecological success. Using several assumptions, we calculated that cryptophytes could consume up to 44% (average 6%) of the Synechococcus population per day. This implies that cryptophytes could significantly influence Synechococcus abundance.
The impact of stress on the risk decision‐making process
Authors: Liu Yisi , Wu Yan , Yang Qiwei 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe effect of stress on risk‐taking or risk‐averse behavior in decision‐making has been inconclusive in previous research, with few studies revealing the underlying neural mechanisms. This study employed event‐related potentials technique and combined a social cold pressor assessment test with a mental arithmetic task to induce stress responses, aiming to investigate the influence of exogenous stress on the risk decision‐making process. Stress induction results indicated that, in addition to raising heart rate and blood pressure, stress responses were accompanied by enhanced negative emotions, diminished positive emotions, and alterations in neural activity. The outcomes of risk decision‐making showed that stress did not significantly affect risk preference or time of choice but did reduce the feedback‐related negativity/reward positivity, with a particularly significant effect observed for large outcomes. Stress also altered the amplitude of the P3 component, with stress decreasing the P3 value for winning outcomes relative to losing outcomes. The study suggests that understanding how stress affects risk preference should consider the emotional valence induced by stress. Contrary to the reward sensitivity hypothesis, stress weakened reward sensitivity. Stress led to changes in the allocation of cognitive resources for outcome evaluation: compared to negative outcomes, stress reduced cognitive resources for positive outcomes, which might be related to the enhanced negative emotions induced by stress. The study highlights the importance of focusing on the subjective emotional experience induced by stress in future research on stress and risk decision‐making.
Materializing the public sphere in American religious history
Authors: Baysa Michael 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis article reviews scholarship in American religious history around the concept of the public sphere. Considering that the public sphere was readily aligned with the productions of the printing press, ‘materializing’ surveys works that have relied upon, expanded, and critiqued print's centraility to early American religious public culture. Recent attention to materiality has also encouraged greater attention to contingencies, locality of circulation, and specificity of audiences in our studies of public texts that would trouble technological determinisms that readily aligned Protestant ascendance, secular modernity, and print publishing with democratization. The essay concludes with new questions regarding print culture, calls for greater multimedia approaches to our study of media objects, and posits the importance of critically evaluating what we count as public or private in our historical narratives about religious communities.
High‐throughput lipidomic profiles sampled with electroporation‐based biopsy differentiate healthy skin, cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma, and basal cell carcinoma
Authors: Louie Leetal , Wise Julia , Berl Ariel , Shir‐az Ofir , Kravtsov Vladimir , Yakhini Zohar , Shalom Avshalom , Golberg Alexander , Vitkin Edward 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe incidence rates of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) and basal cell carcinoma (BCC) skin cancers are rising, while the current diagnostic process is time‐consuming. We describe the development of a novel approach to high‐throughput sampling of tissue lipids using electroporation‐based biopsy, termed e‐biopsy. We report on the ability of the e‐biopsy technique to harvest large amounts of lipids from human skin samples.Materials and MethodsHere, 168 lipids were reliably identified from 12 patients providing a total of 13 samples. The extracted lipids were profiled with ultra‐performance liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC‐MS‐MS) providing cSCC, BCC, and healthy skin lipidomic profiles.ResultsComparative analysis identified 27 differentially expressed lipids (p < 0.05). The general profile trend is low diglycerides in both cSCC and BCC, high phospholipids in BCC, and high lyso‐phospholipids in cSCC compared to healthy skin tissue samples.ConclusionThe results contribute to the growing body of knowledge that can potentially lead to novel insights into these skin cancers and demonstrate the potential of the e‐biopsy technique for the analysis of lipidomic profiles of human skin tissues.
Food metaphors and humour in Nigerian online interaction
Authors: Adegoju Adeyemi 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis article explores the complementary role of Cultural Linguistics in making up for the inadequacies of linguistics‐oriented theories of humour in unpacking culturally embedded meanings in humorous discourse. On the basis of purposively sampled internet memes, it analyses different types of cultural presuppositions in some food metaphors that netizens in Nigerian online interaction appropriate to negotiate gender and class identities, which reflect inherent beliefs, shared values and communicative practices in the Nigerian world. It applies Sharifian’s categorisation of the analytical tools of Cultural Linguistics―cultural schemas, cultural categories and cultural metaphors. The article concludes that mental spaces and conceptual blending are instrumental in forging a holistic conceptual approach, which can account for not only the linguistic but also cultural and discursive meanings of humour as an essentially social and interactional phenomenon.
Economías populares e inclusión productiva para beneficiarios con vivienda gratuita en Cali, Jamundí y Popayán*
Authors: Gómez Sánchez Andrés Mauricio , Fajardo Hoyos Claudia Liceth , Cadena Durán Olga Lucía 
Published: May 2024

Este documento aborda la dinámica de las economías populares en algunos proyectos de vivienda gratuita en Colombia como Llano Verde (Cali), El Rodeo II (Jamundí) y Valle del Ortigal (Popayán), con el fin de sugerir rutas de inclusión productiva que tengan en cuenta las habilidades y destrezas de las personas que allí habitan y sus propuestas. La información utilizada proviene del instrumento aplicado en los tres proyectos y de talleres participativos. Con la información cuantitativa se estimó un modelo multivariado por mínimos cuadrados ordinarios (MCO) para determinar los factores que inciden en los ingresos de las familias. Se concluyó que las apuestas que se implementen en las tres ciudades deberán tener enfoque diferencial; además, se encontró que los ingresos de los habitantes tienen una alta dependencia de los subsidios del Estado, en especial en Jamundí.
Influence of Post-Processing and Build Direction on the Wear Behavior of Laser Powder Bed Fused Maraging Steel
Authors: Kuriachen Basil , Vinay Katari , Joshy Jino 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The present study investigates the effect of post-processing (heat treatment: solutionizing at 850 °C for 2 h with aging at 490 °C for 3 h and cryogenic treatment at −196 °C for 24 h) and the effect of build direction (along the build direction (BD) and perpendicular to the build direction (PBD)) on the wear behavior of maraging steel fabricated by laser powder bed fusion (LPBF). The results are also compared with conventional hot forged samples. The pin-on disc equipment was used to conduct the wear experiments with an EN31 steel disk as the counter body. Heat treatment decreased the wear-rate of LPBF material by 54.78% and 83.84% in BD and PBD, respectively. This is due to the restriction of grain expansion by the Ni-based precipitants in age-hardening treatment. The cryogenic treatment further decreased the wear-rate of LPBF material by 87.84% and 90.9% in BD and PBD, respectively. This significant reduction can be attributed to the change of phase to martensite, as confirmed through microstructure and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. Moreover, hot forged material also obtained a reduced wear-rate after heat and cryogenic treatments. The highest wear resistance was found with the LPBF cryo-treated BD sample due to increased hardness from 388 HV to 640 HV. The worn surface of test samples was examined by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray, 3D profilometer, and XRD analysis. Oxidation wear, adhesive wear, and abrasive wear are the predominant wear mechanisms identified using SEM.
Computationally Efficient and Interface Accurate Dual-Grid Phase-Field Simulation of Turbulent Drop-Laden Flows
Authors: Schenk Maximilian , Giamagas Georgios , Roccon Alessio , Soldati Alfredo , Zonta Francesco 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
In this work, we develop a dual-grid approach for the direct numerical simulations of turbulent multiphase flows in the framework of the phase-field method (PFM). With the dual-grid approach, the solution of the Navier–Stokes equations (flow-field) and of the Cahn–Hilliard equation (phase-field) are performed on two different computational grids. In particular, a base grid—fine enough to resolve the flow down to the Kolmogorov scale—is used for the solution of the Navier–Stokes equations, while a refined grid—required to improve the description of small interfacial structures—is used for the solution of the Cahn–Hilliard equation (phase-field method). The proposed approach is validated, and its computational efficiency is evaluated considering the deformation of a drop in a two-dimensional shear flow. Analyzing the computational time and memory usage, we observe a reduction between ≃30% and ≃40% (with respect to the single-grid approach), depending on the grid refinement factor employed for the phase-field variable. The applicability of the approach to a realistic three-dimensional case is also discussed, by focusing on the breakage of a thin liquid sheet inside a turbulent channel flow. Indications on the grid resolution representing a good compromise between accuracy and computational efficiency in drop-laden turbulence are also provided.
Direct Ink Writing on a Rotating Mandrel—Additive Lathe Micro-Manufacturing
Authors: Deshpande Anupam Ajit , Pan Yayue 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Among the promising techniques within additive manufacturing (AM), direct ink writing (DIW) stands out for its ability to work with a wide range of materials, including polymers, ceramics, glass, metals, and cement. However, DIW encounters a significant challenge in creating complex tubular structures, such as vascular scaffolds with microscale features. To address this challenge, our research investigates a novel method known as additive lathe direct ink writing (AL-DIW). AL-DIW entails the precise dispensing of ink onto a rotating mandrel to fabricate intricate hollow tubular structures with overhanging geometries. In this research, we present a series of test cases involving tubular structures, comprising straight-line patterns, curved line designs, and complex stent configurations, to underscore the efficacy of this technique in crafting hollow tubular geometries with microscale features. This study not only highlights the capabilities of AL-DIW but also contributes to the broader advancement of additive manufacturing techniques for various applications.
Shedding light on bacteria–host interactions with the aid of TnSeq approaches
Authors: Torres Marta , Paszti Sarah , Eberl Leo 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT

Bacteria are highly adaptable and grow in diverse niches, where they often interact with eukaryotic organisms. These interactions with different hosts span the entire spectrum from symbiosis to pathogenicity and thus determine the lifestyle of the bacterium. Knowledge of the genetic determinants involved in animal and plant host colonization by pathogenic and mutualistic bacteria is not only crucial to discover new drug targets for disease management but also for developing novel biostimulant strategies. In the last decades, significant progress in genome-wide high-throughput technologies such as transposon insertion sequencing has led to the identification of pathways that enable efficient host colonization. However, the extent to which similar genes play a role in this process in different bacteria is yet unclear. This review highlights the commonalities and specificities of bacterial determinants important for bacteria–host interaction.
Genomic fingerprints of the world’s soil ecosystems
Authors: Graham Emily B. , Garayburu-Caruso Vanessa A. , Wu Ruonan , Zheng Jianqiu , McClure Ryan , Jones Gerrad D. 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACTDespite the explosion of soil metagenomic data, we lack a synthesized understanding of patterns in the distribution and functions of soil microorganisms. These patterns are critical to predictions of soil microbiome responses to climate change and resulting feedbacks that regulate greenhouse gas release from soils. To address this gap, we assay 1,512 manually curated soil metagenomes using complementary annotation databases, read-based taxonomy, and machine learning to extract multidimensional genomic fingerprints of global soil microbiomes. Our objective is to uncover novel biogeographical patterns of soil microbiomes across environmental factors and ecological biomes with high molecular resolution. We reveal shifts in the potential for (i) microbial nutrient acquisition across pH gradients; (ii) stress-, transport-, and redox-based processes across changes in soil bulk density; and (iii) greenhouse gas emissions across biomes. We also use an unsupervised approach to reveal a collection of soils with distinct genomic signatures, characterized by coordinated changes in soil organic carbon, nitrogen, and cation exchange capacity and in bulk density and clay content that may ultimately reflect soil environments with high microbial activity. Genomic fingerprints for these soils highlight the importance of resource scavenging, plant-microbe interactions, fungi, and heterotrophic metabolisms. Across all analyses, we observed phylogenetic coherence in soil microbiomes—more closely related microorganisms tended to move congruently in response to soil factors. Collectively, the genomic fingerprints uncovered here present a basis for global patterns in the microbial mechanisms underlying soil biogeochemistry and help beget tractable microbial reaction networks for incorporation into process-based models of soil carbon and nutrient cycling.IMPORTANCEWe address a critical gap in our understanding of soil microorganisms and their functions, which have a profound impact on our environment. We analyzed 1,512 global soils with advanced analytics to create detailed genetic profiles (fingerprints) of soil microbiomes. Our work reveals novel patterns in how microorganisms are distributed across different soil environments. For instance, we discovered shifts in microbial potential to acquire nutrients in relation to soil acidity, as well as changes in stress responses and potential greenhouse gas emissions linked to soil structure. We also identified soils with putative high activity that had unique genomic characteristics surrounding resource acquisition, plant-microbe interactions, and fungal activity. Finally, we observed that closely related microorganisms tend to respond in similar ways to changes in their surroundings. Our work is a significant step toward comprehending the intricate world of soil microorganisms and its role in the global climate.
Consensus recommendations for the assessment and management of idiopathic intracranial hypertension in children and young people
Authors: Amin Sam , Monaghan Marie , Forrest Katharine , Harijan Pooja , Mehta Vishal , Moran Matthew , Mukhtyar Bina , Muthusamy Brinda , Parker Alasdair , Prabhakar Prab , Whitehouse William P , Krishnakumar Deepa 
Published: May 2024

BackgroundIdiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) is a potentially disabling condition. There is a lack of evidence and national guidance on how to diagnose and treat paediatric IIH, leading to variation in clinical practice. We conducted a national Delphi consensus via the Children’s Headache Network to propose a best-practice diagnostic and therapeutic pathway.MethodsThe Delphi process was selected as the most appropriate methodology for examining current opinion among experts in the UK. 104 questions were considered by 66 healthcare professionals, addressing important aspects of IIH care: assessment, diagnosis, treatment, follow-up and surveillance. General paediatricians, paediatric neurologists, ophthalmologists, opticians, neuroradiologists and neurosurgeons with a clinical interest or experience in IIH, were invited to take part.ResultsThe Delphi process consisted of three rounds comprising 104 questions (round 1, 67; round 2, 24; round 3 (ophthalmological), 13) and was completed between March 2019 and August 2021. There were 54 and 65 responders in the first and second rounds, respectively. The Delphi was endorsed by the Royal College of Ophthalmologists, which engaged 59 ophthalmologists for round 3.ConclusionsThis UK-based Delphi consensus process reached agreement for the management of paediatric IIH and has been endorsed by the Children’s Headache Network and more broadly, the British Paediatric Neurology Association. It provides a basis for a pragmatic clinical approach. The recommendations will help to improve clinical care while minimising under and over diagnosis.