bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Simultaneous determination of quinolones in fish by liquid chromatography coupled with fluorescence detection: Comparison of sub‐2 μm particles and conventional C18 columns
Authors: Zhang Hong , Chen Si , Lu Yanbin , Dai Zhiyuan 
Published: June 2010

AbstractA simple and effective multi‐residue analysis method is presented for the extraction and determination of eleven quinolones (pipemidic acid, enoxacin, norfloxacin, ciprofloxacin, lomefloxacin, enrofloxacin, gatifloxacin, difloxacin, oxolinic acid, nalidixic acid and flumequine) in fish tissues. In this study, multi‐residue separations on four columns packed with 5 μm or sub‐2 μm particles were simultaneously developed for the purpose of comparison. Various gradients were optimized and best resolutions were achieved on each column. A short and sub‐2 μm particle‐sized HPLC column was chosen for its advantages in analysis time and column performance. Additionally, considering the matrix effect of the complex crude fish tissue, an effective extraction protocol was also established for sample pre‐treatment procedure. Good recoveries (71–98%) were obtained from samples fortified with a mix of eleven quinolones at three levels, with satisfactory relative standard deviations and limits of detection. As a result, the sub‐2 μm HPLC column and proposed analytical procedures have been evaluated and applied to the analysis of different fish tissues. Detectable residues were observed in 8 of 30 samples, at concentrations ranging from 4.74 to 23.27 μg/kg.
Digital necroses and vascular thrombosis in severe spinal muscular atrophy
Authors: Rudnik‐Schöneborn Sabine , Vogelgesang Silke , Armbrust Sven , Graul‐Neumann Luitgard , Fusch Christoph , Zerres Klaus 
Published: June 2010

AbstractInfantile spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) caused by homozygous SMN1 gene deletions/mutations is characterized by neuronal loss and axonopathy of motor neurons. We report two unrelated patients with severe SMA type I who had only one SMN2 copy and developed ulcerations and necroses of the fingers and toes. Sural nerve biopsy was normal in patient 1, whose affected skin displayed necroses and thrombotic occlusions of small vessels. Corresponding to a mouse model and other patients with similar findings, we believe that severe survival motor neuron (SMN) deficiency may present as vasculopathy. Muscle Nerve 42: 144–147, 2010
The giving standard: conditional cooperation in the case of charitable giving
Authors: Wiepking Pamala , Heijnen Merijn 
Published: June 2010

Abstract

In this study, we make a first attempt to investigate the mechanisms of conditional cooperation in giving outside experiments, using retrospective survey data on charitable giving (the Giving the Netherlands Panel Study 2005 (GINPS05, 2005; N = 1474)). Our results show that in the case of door‐to‐door donations, social information affects perceived social norms for giving and, through this perception, influences the level of actual donations. The effect of social information on actual door‐to‐door donations is fully mediated by perceived social norms for giving. Furthermore, we found empirical support for the giving standard hypothesis. People in different income categories donate roughly the same amounts in separate instances (they use the same social information), and as a result people in lower income households donate a higher percentage of their income to charitable organizations.
Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Coming soon to a live theater near you: performing arts trailers as paratexts
Authors: Preece Stephen Bruce 
Published: June 2010

Abstract

Dramatic changes in technology present not‐for‐profit performing arts organizations with both opportunities and challenges for engaging and attracting audiences. With its emphasis on deep engagement with a select group of users, the Internet “long tail” presents a natural application for this sector; however, performing arts groups must grapple with developing the most optimal web‐based content for their particular organizational needs. This paper analyzes the use of web‐based video offerings used currently by professional symphony orchestras in the United States and Canada. One third of observed websites included video of some kind (including a wide‐array of content), while roughly half of that number focused on promoting concerts scheduled for the future. An even smaller number have embraced the practice of presenting performing arts previews (after the longstanding tradition within the film industry) as a purposeful kind of paratext, including representational elements of the work, the performers, and the overall concert context. A conceptual frame of video types is presented and discussed, with particular attention to the preview format. The research on film previews as an analogous vehicle is evaluated including the tradition of telling the incomplete story, while also promoting the movie. The research on paratexts in relation to books, theatre programs, and film trailers is reviewed and the case is made for web‐based performing arts previews as an emergent genre within the paratext conceptual frame. Specific video examples currently in use illustrate theory and concepts presented in the paper.
Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
On the Solution of Gorkov's Theory for Type‐II Superconductors by Means of the Correlation Function of the Gap
Authors: Brandt E. H. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractThe non‐local theory for type‐II superconductors given in a previous paper is shown to be valid even at zero temperature, where Gorkov's theory cannot be linearized. The periodic solutions for the gap. Δ, and the magnetic field, H, may be calculated from this theory by introducing the correlation function of A and H. The properties of the correlation function are discussed in detail. An explicit form of the non‐local functional is given which has to be minimized with respect to a few Fourier coefficients of |Δ|2 and H. In this way, the magnetization curve and the field distribution H is obtained.
Dependence of the Thermopower on Temperature and Crystal Direction in the Highly Anisotropic Organic Semiconductor TEA (TCNQ)21)
Authors: Parges J. P. , Brau A. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractAn investigation is made of the thermopower in the three available directions of crystals of TEA(TCNQ)2 and on a moulding pellet at temperatures between 100 and 300 °K. The thermopower is found to be highly anisotropic with an anomalous sign for one direction; it is negative in the directions of highest and lowest electrical conductivity but positive in the direction of intermediate conductivity.
Displacement Field Of a Dislocation Loop in Anisotropic Cubic Crystals
Authors: Ohr S. M. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractThe displacement field around a dislocation loop in anisotropic cubic crystals has been calculated on the basis of the continuum theory. The components of displacement were obtained by means of the Fourier inversion formula applied to the product of Fourier trans forms of the elastic Green's function and the body force density appropriate for a circular dislocation loop. In performing the inverse transformation, the radial part of the integration was carried out analytically while the double integral over solid angle was evaluated numerically. The results for dislocation loops in copper and niobium are presented in the form of equi‐displacement contour plots. I n general, the displacement field is proportional to the anisotropy factor A = 2c44/(c11 − c11). In copper, the magnitude of the displacement field is greater than that of an elastically isotropic crystal by a factor of as much as two.
Magnetic Properties of NpPt and PuPt
Authors: Smith J. L. , Hill H. H. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractNpPt was found t o be antiferromagnetic below 27 K; PuPt ferromagnetic (or perhaps ferrimagnetic) below 19 K and antiferromagnetic between 19 and 44 K. The apparent ferromagnetic saturation moment of PuPt is ≈ 0. 22 μBper Pu atom. The transition from anti‐ferromagnetism t o ferromagnetism in PuPt is moderately sensitive t o applied field, the overall cooperative magnetic behavior of the compound being qualitatively similar to that of the heavy rare earth metals.
On the Photoionization of Deep Repulsive Impurity Centres in Semiconductors
Authors: Yartsev V. M. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractThe photoionization spectrum is calculated for impurity centres having a repulsive Coulomb potential a t large distances. The short range potential is well approximated by a delta‐function. Effects of the electron‐phonon coupling are taken into account both to the acoustical and optical modes. Transitions to a higher lying band are considered. The results are in satisfactory agreement with the observed spectral dependence.
On the Calculation of the Magnetization for the Heisenberg Model at Low Temperature
Authors: Potapkov N. A. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractExpansions of the spontaneous magnetization and susceptibility in powers of a dimensionless temperature are obtained exactly for the Heisenberg model at S ≧1. No approximative models (like that of Dyaon) are used. This is achieved by means of an identity representing the Heisenberg Hamiltonian in terms of products of Pauli operators2 (analogues of the spin operators) and by developing a perturbation theory for calculating the thermodynamic quantities using double‐time Green's functions.
Albumin Nanoshell Encapsulation of Near‐Infrared‐Excitable Rare‐Earth Nanoparticles Enhances Biocompatibility and Enables Targeted Cell Imaging
Authors: Naczynski Dominik J. , Andelman Tamar , Pal David , Chen Suzie , Riman Richard E. , Roth Charles M. , Moghe Prabhas V. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractThe use of traditional fluorophores for in vivo imaging applications is limited by poor quantum yield, poor tissue penetration of the excitation light, and excessive tissue autofluorescence, while the use of inorganic fluorescent particles that offer a high quantum yield is frequently limited due to particle toxicity. Rare‐earth‐doped nanoparticles that utilize near‐infrared upconversion overcome the optical limitations of traditional fluorophores, but are not typically suitable for biological application due to their insolubility in aqueous solution, lack of functional surface groups for conjugation of biomolecules, and potential cytotoxicity. A new approach to establish highly biocompatible and biologically targetable nanoshell complexes of luminescent rare‐earth‐doped NaYF4 nanoparticles (REs) excitable with 920–980 nm near‐infrared light for biomedical imaging applications is reported. The approach involves the encapsulation of NaYF4 nanoparticles doped with Yb and Er within human serum albumin nanoshells to create water‐dispersible, biologically functionalizable composite particles. These particles exhibit narrow size distributions around 200 nm and are stable in aqueous solution for over 4 weeks. The albumin shell confers cytoprotection and significantly enhances the biocompatibility of REs even at concentrations above 200 µg REs mL−1. Composite particles conjugated with cyclic arginine‐glycine‐aspartic acid (cRGD) specifically target both human glioblastoma cell lines and melanoma cells expressing αvβ3 integrin receptors. These findings highlight the promise of albumin‐encapsulated rare‐earth nanoparticles for imaging cancer cells in vitro and the potential for targeted imaging of disease sites in vivo.
Property improvement of thermoplastic mung bean starch using cotton fiber and low‐density polyethylene
Authors: Prachayawarakorn Jutarat , Hommanee Luxsana , Phosee Darin , Chairapaksatien Parichat 
Published: June 2010

AbstractDue to high water uptake and low mechanical properties of biodegradable thermoplastic starch, thermoplastic starch prepared from mung bean starch (TPMBS) was modified by the incorporation of cotton fiber and low‐density polyethylene (LDPE). The effect of different ratios of cotton fiber/LDPE, i.e., 10:0, 7:3, 5:5, 3:7, and 0:10, on water uptake, mechanical, thermal, and biodegradable properties of TPMBS was examined. Different TPMBS samples were prepared using internal mixer for compounding and compression molding machine for shaping samples. It was found that the TPMBS incorporated with 10:0, 7:3, and 3:7 cotton fiber/LDPE showed an increase in the stress at maximum load and Young's modulus. Moreover, the water absorption of all of the modified TPMBS samples tended to decrease as compared to the pure TPMBS. Morphological, thermal, and biodegradable properties of different TPMBS samples were also investigated.
The cell wall integrity checkpoint: coordination between cell wall synthesis and the cell cycle
Authors: Negishi Takahiro , Ohya Yoshikazu 
Published: June 2010

AbstractThe cell wall is an essential cellular component for the survival of fungi. The cell wall of the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae undergoes remodelling during the cell cycle. Evidence is accumulating that there are regulatory mechanisms that link cell wall remodelling and cell cycle progression. Here, we review one such mechanism, known as the ‘cell wall integrity checkpoint’, which functions to control cell cycle progression in response to cell wall perturbation. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Transmission Electron Microscopy Study of Copper Containing Spinel‐type In2S3 Nanocrystals Prepared by Rapid Pyrolysis of a Single Molecular Precursor
Authors: Quiroga‐González Enrique , Bensch Wolfgang , Duppel Viola , Kienle Lorenz 
Published: June 2010

AbstractCopper containing spinel‐type In2S3 nanocrystals were prepared by rapid pyrolysis (RP) from a single source inorganic‐organic hybrid molecular precursor with an initial Cu:In:S ratio of 1:9:16.5. The precursor was synthesized in a one‐step hydrothermal reaction with high yield. After a treatment of the precursor for 10 s at 1000 °C a powdered material was obtained. The X‐ray powder pattern exhibits broad reflections indicative for the spinel‐type and crystallites in the nanometer range, however, the positions of the reflections match well with different compounds of the In‐S and Cu‐In‐S systems. High resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) studies in connection with EDX analyses evidence the presence of cubic spinel‐type copper containing In2S3. Two such In2S3 phases coexist with one being copper poor and the other having a larger copper content. The coexistence of these two compounds is reflected by the Raman and UV/Vis spectra.
CacyBP/SIP Expression is Involved in the Clinical Progression of Breast Cancer
Authors: Wang Ningju , Ma Qingyong , Wang Yinna , Ma Gang , Zhai Huihong 
Published: June 2010

AbstractObjectiveCalcyclin‐binding protein or Siah‐1‐interacting protein (CacyBP/SIP) is a target protein of the S100A6, which is a member of the S100 family. It has been shown that CacyBP/SIP plays important roles in cell cycle progression, differentiation, and carcinogenesis. The purpose of this study was to explore the correlation of CacyBP/SIP expression and clinical significance in breast cancer.MethodsImmunohistochemistry was performed to detect the CacyBP/SIP expression in 79 pairs of breast cancer tissues and adjacent nontumor tissues. Western blot analysis and semiquantitative RT‐PCR were used to measure CacyBP/SIP protein and mRNA levels in three pairs of fresh breast cancer tissues and adjacent nontumor tissues. The clinical data were collected by telephone follow‐up for 5 years.ResultsCacyBP/SIP mRNA and protein levels in breast cancer tissues were significantly higher compared with adjacent nontumor tissues. Poor cellular differentiation, lymph node invasion, and clinicopathological staging in breast cancer were associated with CacyBP/SIP expression. Other factors, such as age, menses, and tumor size, were not related to CacyBP/SIP expression. The up‐regulation of CacyBP/SIP expression also was shown to increase recurrence and metastasis of breast cancer and to correlate with short overall survival rate.ConclusionsCacyBP/SIP expression is evident in more advanced clinical progression of breast cancer, and it might be a biomarker for poor prognosis and a potential therapeutic target in breast cancer.
Characterization of Walnut Oils (Juglans regia L.) from Asturias, Spain
Authors: Bada J. C. , León‐Camacho M. , Prieto M. , Copovi P. , Alonso L. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractA total of 15 walnut (Juglans regia L.) samples from 15 cultivars from different geographical areas (Villaviciosa, Colunga, Ribadesella, Llanes, Nava, Peñamellera and Sariego) from Asturias, Spain were studied. Samples of virgin walnut oil were obtained from dehusked ground walnuts by extraction at a pressure of 160 kg cm−2 and temperature below 40 °C for 3 min. The oil obtained by pressure was filtered for analysis. Fatty acid, sterol and tocopherol compositions as determined by capillary column gas chromatography (GC) and triacylglycerols composition as determined by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) are reported. The overall composition (percentages of husk, oil and moisture) was also determined. The higher percentages of fatty acids, as determined by capillary GC, corresponded to palmitic (6.11 ± 0.06–7.49 ± 0.04%), oleic (11.70 ± 1.10–18.90 ± 1.19%), linoleic (59.81 ± 1.03–64.77 ± 1.25%) and linolenic (11.11 ± 0.05–15.65 ± 1.09%). γ‐Tocopherol was the major component of the total tocopherols in the sample under study (289.01 ± 6.02–676.52 ± 5.98 mg kg−1 oil). β‐Sitosterol was the major sterol found (78.61 ± 1.45–86.50 ± 1.35%) followed by Δ5‐avenasterol (5.54 ± 0.92–13.81 ± 1.06%). The main triacylglycerides were LLL (24.67 ± 1.31–29.20 ± 1.22%), followed by LLLn (14.63 ± 1.01–17.06 ± 1.13%), OLL + PoLO (13.81 ± 1.01–16.14 ± 1.16%) and PLL + LnOO (11.83 ± 1.09–14.10 ± 1.10%).
From Pilot Project to Annual Success: Creating an Evidence—Based Leadership Program for Medical Directors in Long—Term Care
Authors: Bhaloo Tajudaullah , Mithani Akber 
Published: June 2010

Engaging physicians in health care administration is critical. Within Canada, physician leadership programs have not been designed to meet the needs of medical directors in Long-Term Care (LTC). This article explains how a pilot program for medical directors in LTC was created to develop their leadership skills, and how it has now become an annual event. The program must evolve to enable medical directors to participate in system change and innovation within LTC. Il est essentiel de faire participer les médecins à l'administration de la santé. Au Canada, les programmes de leadership des médecins ne sont pas conçus pour répondre aux besoins des directeurs médicaux en soins de longue durée (SLD). Le présent article expose la création d'un projet pilote à l'intention de directeurs médicaux en SLD afin qu'ils développent leurs qualités de chef, ainsi que la transformation de ce projet en événement annuel. Le programme doit évoluer afin de permettre aux directeurs médicaux de participer aux modifications du système et à l'innovation en SLD.
Effects of low-fat dairy consumption on markers of low-grade systemic inflammation and endothelial function in overweight and obese subjects: an intervention study
Authors: van Meijl Leonie E. C. , Mensink Ronald P. 
Published: June 2010

Although increased concentrations of plasma inflammatory markers are not one of the criteria to diagnose the metabolic syndrome, low-grade systemic inflammation is receiving large attention as a metabolic syndrome component and cardiovascular risk factor. As several epidemiological studies have suggested a negative relationship between low-fat dairy consumption and the metabolic syndrome, we decided to investigate the effects of low-fat dairy consumption on inflammatory markers and adhesion molecules in overweight and obese subjects in an intervention study. Thirty-five healthy subjects (BMI>27 kg/m2) consumed, in a random order, low-fat dairy products (500 ml low-fat milk and 150 g low-fat yogurt) or carbohydrate-rich control products (600 ml fruit juice and three fruit biscuits) daily for 8 weeks. Plasma concentrations of TNF-α were decreased by 0·16 (sd 0·50) pg/ml (P = 0·070), and soluble TNF-α receptor-1 (s-TNFR-1) was increased by 110·0 (sd 338·4) pg/ml (P = 0·062) after the low-fat dairy period than after the control period. s-TNFR-2 was increased by 227·0 (sd 449·0) pg/ml (P = 0·020) by the dairy intervention. As a result, the TNF-α index, defined as the TNF-α:s-TNFR-2 ratio, was decreased by 0·000053 (sd 0·00 012) (P = 0·015) after the dairy diet consumption. Low-fat dairy consumption had no effect on IL-6, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, intracellular adhesion molecule-1 and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 concentrations. The present results indicate that in overweight and obese subjects, low-fat dairy consumption for 8 weeks may increase concentrations of s-TNFR compared with carbohydrate-rich product consumption, but that it has no effects on other markers of chronic inflammation and endothelial function.
Crustal seismic velocity structure of southern Poland: preserved memory of a pre-Devonian terrane accretion at the East European Platform margin
Authors: NARKIEWICZ M. , GRAD M. , GUTERCH A. , JANIK T. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractThe updated geological and potential fields data on the East European Platform margin in SE Poland confirm the existence of several regional units differing in Ediacaran to Silurian development: the Upper Silesian Block, Małopolska Block and Łysogóry Block. All the blocks are characterized by a distinct crustal structure seen in Vp velocity models obtained from the seismic refraction data of the CELEBRATION 2000 Programme. The first two units are interpreted as exotic terranes initially derived from Avalonia-type crust and ultimately accreted before the late Early Devonian. The Łysogóry Block is probably a proximal terrane displaced dextrally along the Baltica margin. The sutures between the terranes do not precisely match lateral gradients in Vp models. This is partly explained by a limited resolution of refraction seismic data (20 km wide interpretative window). Most of the difference is related, however, to a post-accretionary tectonism, mainly Variscan transtension–transpression. The latter processes took advantage of lithospheric memory recorded earlier as zones of rheological weakness along the former suture zones. The course of the East European Platform margin (= Teisseyre–Tornquist Zone) corresponds most likely to the Nowe Miasto–Zawichost Fault marking the NE boundary of the proximal Łysogóry Terrane.
PREVALENCE OF CONSANGUINEOUS MARRIAGES AMONG IRANIAN GEORGIANS
Authors: RAFIEE LALEH , SAADAT MOSTAFA 
Published: June 2010

SummaryConsanguineous marriage – marriage between relatives – has received a great deal of attention as a potential risk factor for many adverse health outcomes. The present cross-sectional study was done in order to illustrate the prevalence and types of consanguineous marriages among Iranian Georgians living in Frydoonshahr (Isfahan province, central Iran). Data on consanguineous marriages were collected using a simple questionnaire. The total number of couples in this study was 646. Consanguineous marriage was classified by the degree of relationship between couples. First cousin marriages (14.2%) were the most common type of consanguineous marriages, followed by second cousin (7.0%), beyond second cousin (1.5%) and first cousin once removed (0.6%). The mean inbreeding coefficient (α) was calculated as 0.0104 for the population. The present study shows that the study population, as other Iranian populations, has a high level of consanguinity.