bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enabling and Preserving Situational Social Work in Barnahus: A Vulnerable Jurisdiction Caught in the Crossfire Between Juridification and Psychologisation
Authors: Andersen Lotte C. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis chapter examines the situational social work practice of “interstitial work” that is observable within the Norwegian Barnahus model. Interstitial work provides children and families with interventions that are customised to their particular situations and needs. This chapter examines which structural conditions have enabled this practice to emerge, what factors could threaten the practice’s future existence, and how the practice may be sustained over time. Based on interview data with ten Barnahus staff members and a leader, this chapter notes that a high degree of professional autonomy through an absence of detailed regulation may be crucial in the formative years of situational practices. Once a situational practice is established, however, increased but not overly detailed regulation seems necessary for the practice’s preservation over time.
Included on Paper, Excluded in Practice: Or Vice Versa? Formal and Actual Target Groups of Barnahus Across Jurisdictions
Authors: Johansson Susanna , Stefansen Kari 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe ongoing diffusion and European standardisation of the Barnahus model has involved a general expansion of the Barnahus target group, and variations in terms of inclusion and exclusion of different groups of children, such as those who have experienced domestic violence and those who have exhibited sexually harmful behaviour. Based on policy documents, reports, standards, and regulations from Sweden, Norway, and the European policy level, this chapter analyses how the positioning of children—as aggrieved parties, vulnerable individuals, and family members—is manifested in Barnahus regulations and case processing across jurisdictions, using Sweden and Norway as in-depth cases. The chapter shows how the positioning of children affects who is granted access to Barnahus (and to which services) during the different stages of case processing.
Deep-Time Images and the Challenges of Globalization
Authors: Moro Abadía Oscar , Conkey Margaret W. , McDonald Josephine 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIn this collection of papers on globalization and rock art, we begin to examine how rock art research was historically shaped by a deep Eurocentric bias. We use the concept of deep time, following the recent focus of historians and other disciplines, where an appropriate scale of space and time is being explored to understand the human past (following McGrath and Jebb, Long history, deep time. Deepening histories of place. ANU Press, Canberra. https://doi.org/10.26530/OAPEN_578874, 2015; Griffiths, Deep time dreaming: uncovering ancient Australia. Black Inc., Carlton, 2018). A focus on the “deep time story”, as Billy (Griffiths, Deep time dreaming: uncovering ancient Australia. Black Inc., Carlton, p. 5, 2018) asserts, reminds us that history is but one way of thinking about the relationships between past and present. Rock art research has multiple lenses, rather than being a universal science or all-knowing truth. Deeply engrained Eurocentric biases that drove the earliest research efforts into deep time art and its makers, has shifted to a more global perspective on rock art and the people who made it, by those who are involved in its research, and by those for whom it has multiple significances. The proliferation of rock art research in colonized parts of the world, particularly the USA, Australia and Africa, continues to call into question this Eurocentrism. This shift in focus has been fueled, in part, by globalization, which has resulted in many benefits for rock art researchers, including the expansion of inquiry into new territories and the rapid sharing of developments in new methods for surveying, recording and dating rock images. Globalization has also generated new challenges and tensions. There are still many countries and territories that are excluded from these discussions, and Western hegemony and patrimony as promoted by institutions such as UNESCO, often collide with the interests of nationalism and local communities. The chapters in this volume explore these tensions and many suggest strategies to promote more critical attitudes toward globalization.
Understanding Rock Art: What Neuroscience Can Add
Authors: Onians John 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIn this chapter, I will make a case that neuroscience can help with the understanding of any art, and that in the context of rock art, with its deep history, it offers particular advantages. Most importantly it can give us new access to the minds of its makers and users, something much needed in the absence of the verbal commentaries associated with most other categories of material. That access, I suggest, can be obtained by using the latest knowledge of the extent to which the formation of the individual brain is affected by the environment to which it is exposed. This knowledge can help not only to reconstruct salient aspects of the neural resources of any individual or group whose material and social environment is sufficiently familiar to us, but also to infer how those resources are likely to have influenced such art-related behaviours as their motor inclinations and visual preferences. When these insights are supported by an understanding of such other newly discovered properties of our brains as its neural plasticity and neural mirroring, we can build up a new understanding of the mental activities behind the similarities and the differences in the way people living at different places and times have marked rock walls. A neural approach also allows us to re-evaluate assumptions about the history of culture that have been taken for granted in the fields of archaeology, anthropology, and art history, such as the pre-eminence of the role of language in the formation of culture and the associated insistence that art is necessarily a symbolic activity. In this way neuroscience can add a new dimension to cultural history.
Graffiti, Vandalism and Destruction: Preserving Rock Art in a Globalized World
Authors: Taçon Paul S. C. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIn our globalized world access to rock art sites is unprecedented. But despite awareness campaigns, education about the universal value of rock art, global media attention and the efforts of those who manage rock art sites, purposeful damage to rock art imagery and the landscapes it is a part of continues at an alarming rate. There are many reasons for this, including ignorance, indifference, iconoclasm, racism, political motivations, and economic priorities. It also has been observed that ‘marks attract marks’ so for some people there is a compulsion to leave one’s own mark at rock art sites because previous people have done so. Indeed, new graffiti at rock art sites, unless quickly removed, can soon lead to a growing number of incidents. To further complicate things, Indigenous interactions with rock art sites can sometimes lead to new mark making construed by others as a form of vandalism. After summarizing why rock art is important in today’s globalized digital world, the history of purposeful damage to rock art sites is briefly reviewed before recent case studies from Australia and elsewhere are discussed. New strategies for preventing graffiti and vandalism at rock art sites, are then outlined. It is concluded that our global rock art heritage needs to be valued as a part of living culture rather than archaeological artefact in order to best conserve it for future generations.
‘Out of Franco-Cantabria’: The Globalization of Pleistocene Rock Art
Authors: Ruiz-Redondo Aitor 
Published: May 2024

AbstractSince the second half of the twentieth century, globalization has transformed archaeology into a ‘geoculture’ (using Wallerstein’s words) defined by the increasing circulation of ideas within a worldwide scientific community. This change has not only affected the ways in which new paradigms and methods are transmitted, but it has also significantly broadened the geographical boundaries of archaeological research. The example of Palaeolithic rock art can be used to illustrate the various dimensions of this transformation. In Europe, Pleistocene cave art was considered a phenomenon with a ‘core’ firmly embedded in the Franco-Cantabrian region and a ‘periphery’ which included some neighbouring areas, such as Southern Spain and Italy. Despite some discoveries in Russia (1957) and Bosnia and Herzegovina (1973), this reductionist view remained unchallenged until the beginning of the twenty-first century. Non-European sites were often disregarded and reduced to the status of ‘outliers’ in relation to the central core area, resulting in the limitation, rather than invigoration, of research in these regions. However, the new millennium has witnessed a significant increase in the number of European countries with well-dated Paleolithic cave art sites, including the United Kingdom and Romania, among others. Nevertheless, the greatest shifts in the field of rock art studies globally have emerged during the last decade with: (1) the discovery of Paleolithic rock art in locations very distant from the traditional European ‘core’ (e.g., Australia and Indonesia), and (2) the development of systematic archaeological rock art surveys in areas outside of the ‘periphery’ (e.g., Southeast Europe). Today, it is evident that Paleolithic rock art is a widespread global phenomenon. Despite this, a vast majority of teams and specialists are still focused on the Franco-Cantabrian region, and they seldomly develop research in ‘new’ territories. Hence, globalization has led to an increasing awareness of the ‘Franco-Cantabrian bias,’ but has archaeological research changed accordingly?
Replicated Temporality. Time, Originality, and Rock Art Replicas
Authors: Mayer Laura , Porr Martin 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe understanding of the notion of ‘the past’ has undergone a complex development in recent years within archaeology and related disciplines. It continues to be interpreted in different ways and in relation to different types of evidence. Indeed, understandings of the conceptualisation of time itself has received an increasing amount of attention, both in relation to methodological and theoretical considerations as well as in terms of public and historical imaginations. In this paper, we explore these aspects in relation to the transformation of archaeological evidence into heritage in the context of European Palaeolithic cave art sites. We focus on the processes of the perception, creation, and imagination of time in relation to 3D replicas of two famous painted cave sites: Lascaux and Chauvet. Through our analysis, we demonstrate that these replicas are reflections of a modern, essentialist, and linear understanding of history, which is linked to a fascination with the notion of originality and related ideas of purity, authority, and wholeness. Engaging with the temporality of the replica also allows an understanding of the unstable character of these notions as the replicas simultaneously exist in (at least) two temporalities and the viewer’s engagement might oscillate between the two. While being wholly located in the present, the replica equally reflects human masterful abilities in the present and the deep past. Our analysis consequently allows to appreciate how the replica participates in the unstable and socially constructed temporalities of authenticity and originality.
The Divide Between ‘European’ and ‘Indigenous’ Rock Arts: Exploring a Eurocentic Bias in the Age of Globalization
Authors: Moro Abadía Oscar , Chase Amy A. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractRock art studies are a field of research that includes many different (and diverse) national traditions. While most of these traditions have their own research histories and trajectories, during most of the twentieth century, rock art literature was marked by a certain prominence of European Palaeolithic art. The privileged position of the European record was the result of a combination of factors, including the traditional focus on European archaeology, the abundance of and research support for decorated caves in Southern France and Northern Spain, and, especially, a number of ethnocentric prejudices against Indigenous peoples. However, in a context marked by globalization, a number of developments in the past decades have called into question the divide that favours European cave art at the expense of other rock art corpuses. For instance, new dating techniques have showed that the traditional belief that the temporal ‘origins’ of rock art was in Europe cannot be sustained. Similarly, innovative theoretical approaches mainly based on Indigenous rock art have generated many new avenues of research for the meaning, the making, and the context of rock images. With reference to the history of research, we argue that we need to overcome the divide that privileges the European record in rock art research. However, the favoured position of the European caves is deeply rooted in many conscious and unconscious biases. For this reason, we explore in this paper a number of strategies that can help us to counteract Eurocentrism, including the abandonment of traditional narratives, the focus on the materiality, making, location, and contents of rock images, and the development of new styles of theorizing.
Why Do Old Dates Fascinate Prehistorians?
Authors: Sauvet Georges 
Published: May 2024

AbstractArchaeologists have always been interested in placing things into chronological sequences. Prior to the discovery of numerical dating techniques, the sequence of prehistoric events was only known relatively within large approximations and with high degrees of uncertainty. From the 1950s onwards, radiocarbon dating appeared as the most important method to obtain the chronometric age of prehistoric materials. Later, accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) became the prevalent technique and began to be used to date rock art paintings. The precision of this method improved, and the age of much rock art was pushed back. New techniques based on luminescence (e.g., TL, OSL) and the disequilibrium in the U-series (e.g., U/Th) have been developed in the last years. Engaged in an international race toward the oldest dates, prehistorians from all over the world have seemed to move away from their primary objective, which is the understanding of past societies. In rock art studies, research is now shaped by the search for the ‘earliest art’ and the oldest manifestation of ‘symbolic behaviour.’ Through the examination of the different dating techniques developed in the second half of the twentieth century, several examples of this time-driven prehistory will be given. Behind an illusory mathematical rigor, the leaden weights of preconception and ulterior motive reappear in many cases, reminding us that prehistory is not only a ‘human science,’ but a science made by humans.
Transformation of the Built and Lived Environment
Authors: Kemper Frank , Lohrberg Frank 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe built environment is like a reason and solution for different ongoing societal and environmental change processes. On the one hand, it may enable societal progress, ensure people's health, and is a precondition for our modern society's working and productivity environment. On the other hand, the built environment is a crucial driver of carbon emissions, and a significant driver of climate change improvements in manufacturing processes, (re)use of structures, and reduction of energy consumption are requirements. Obviously, researching possible solution paths for changing boundaries requires a variety of interdisciplinary resources and expertise. Everything mentioned interferes and significantly depends on the economic opportunities the different societies can spend for the transition and how willing they regard the expected changes. The growth area “Built and Lived Environment” (BLE) of RWTH Aachen University aims to provide such kind of interdisciplinary research playground. Different ongoing methods and examples emerging from the growth area BLE and specific solutions of transformative research in the described field are presented.
Humboldtn and the Sustainable Transformation of Universities
Authors: Höhl Johanna , Tomazin Annalena , Greiff Kathrin 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe sustainable transformation of society is one of the greatest challenges of our time. Universities are central actors for knowledge generation and transfer in the sustainability field and, at the same time, are facing the question of how they can become sustainable social actors and make their activities and infrastructure sustainable. Against this background, the 16 member universities of the State Rectors’ Conference of North Rhine-Westphalia have joined forces in the Humboldtn initiative to pool their efforts in the field of sustainability and to anchor generational responsibility for sustainable action in research, teaching, administration, infrastructure, and transfer. How the joint responsibility for the questions for the future in the aforementioned complex of topics is addressed via Humboldtn and which focal points are set in the process will be presented and discussed using examples from the institutional sustainability transformation and examples from the research area from RWTH Aachen University. In this way, the implementation of transformation processes at universities and their possible blueprint effect can be illuminated.
An Actor in the Transformation Triad: The Platform Approach “REVIERa”
Authors: Förster Agnes , Paegert Maren , Böschen Stefan , Letmathe Peter 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe Rhenish mining area—Europe’s largest lignite mining region—is currently undergoing a complex structural change process due to the coal phase-out that is being enacted in Germany. Researchers from RWTH Aachen University—an institution of education and research that is an integral part of the surrounding region—have founded the transformation platform “REVIERa”. Their objective is to create a forum around the lignite phase-out and to link up knowledge and activities, both inside the University and with regional partners and residents. With regard to the Aachen Transformation Model, this article reflects on the platform’s contribution to researching, shaping, and enabling the transformation process in the Rhenish mining area. We discuss the value added by the platform as well as the related challenges, limitations, interdependencies, and appropriate methods. In this respect, REVIERa can have an integrative function; however, some open questions regarding further research potential and the nature of transformation processes, institutional roles, and structures remain.
Beneath a Façade: The Unscientific Justification of Treasure Salvage
Authors: Brennan Michael L. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractProfessor Thijs Maarleveld of the University of Southern Denmark and co-founder of the ICOMOS International Committee on the Underwater Cultural Heritage (ICUCH), was a fierce guardian of underwater cultural heritage and proponent of the UNESCO recommendation of in situ preservation as a first option. Despite his unfortunate and untimely passing in 2020, Prof. Maarleveld’s efforts to combat the misrepresentation of commercial salvage as archaeological investigation remains a beacon in the field and a reminder of best practices for protecting UCH. He championed the guiding principle that ‘the preservation in situ of underwater cultural heritage shall be considered as the first option’. Maarleveld noted that ‘the principle to consider in situ preservation first is not to be confused with the foregone conclusion that in situ preservation is what is to be decided to’ (2016, p. 478), only that it is considered as a first option. In addition, strides have been made by UNESCO and other organisations to develop tools for preservation in situ of shipwreck sites that contribute to long term management options but do not ‘reduce a central principle to a management tool’ and it is even understood that there are situations and conditions in which in situ preservation is not a preferred or feasible option (Maarleveld, 2016). However, there are those that have used this as a way to argue instead for commercial salvage of any shipwrecks, not just those that are threatened.
Conclusion: Looking Forward
Authors: Jarvis Charlotte 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe case studies presented in this volume offer a compelling look at the damage caused to many forms of Underwater Cultural Heritage (UCH) by bottom trawling and other mobile fishing gear, as well as provide some suggestions to protect this vital Ocean Heritage resource for future generations. The authors from Stellwagen Bank National Marine Sanctuary (Chap. 6, this volume) highlight their new Sanctuary Mapping Initiative which works with fishers to ‘to conduct side-scan sonar surveys to locate and document shipwrecks and characterise seafloor habitats’. It is a promising step forward and can help to show fishers in other waters the shared natural and cultural importance to shipwrecks and highlight the need for protection of seabed heritage.
Relativity of Reductive Chain Complexes of Non-abelian Simplexes
Authors: Zuevsky A. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractChain total double complexes with reductive differentials for non-abelian simplexes with associated spaces are considered. It is conjectured that corresponding relative cohomology is equivalent to the coset space of vanishing functionals over non-vanishing functionals related to differentials of complexes. The conjecture is supported by the theorem for the case of spaces of correlation functions and generalized connections on vertex operator algebra bundles.
The Role of Convection in the Limit Shape of the Critical Front Profile for Born-Infeld Diffusion Models
Authors: Garrione Maurizio , Jleli Mohamed , Samet Bessem 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIn this paper, we deal with models with Born-Infeld (or relativistic) type diffusion and monostable reaction, investigating the effect of the introduction of a convection term on the limit shape of the critical front profile for vanishing diffusion. We first provide an estimate of the critical speed and then, through a careful analysis of an equivalent first-order problem, we show that different convection terms may lead either to a complete sharpening of the limit profile or to its complete regularization, presenting some related numerical simulations.
Equilibrium States of Endomorphisms of $\mathbb{P}^{k}$: Spectral Stability and Limit Theorems
Authors: Bianchi Fabrizio , Dinh Tien-Cuong 
Published: May 2024

AbstractWe establish the existence of a spectral gap for the transfer operator induced on $\mathbb{P}^{k} = \mathbb{P}^{k} (\mathbb{C})$ by a generic holomorphic endomorphism and a suitable continuous weight and its perturbations on various functional spaces, which is new even in dimension one. Thanks to the spectral gap, we establish an exponential speed of convergence for the equidistribution of the backward orbits of points towards the conformal measure and the exponential mixing. Moreover, as an immediate consequence, we obtain a full list of statistical properties for the equilibrium states: CLT, Berry-Esseen Theorem, local CLT, ASIP, LIL, LDP, almost sure CLT. Many of these properties are new even in dimension one, some even in the case of zero weight function (i.e., for the measure of maximal entropy).