bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Malic acid assisted precursor route to hierarchical structured nickel oxide
Authors: Wang Haizhen , Qian Yitai 
Published: March 2010

AbstractA novel malic acid assisted precursor route to prepare NiO materials with novel hierarchical structures has been investigated in this work. The Ni‐based precursors can be synthesized by a malic acid‐assisted hydrothermal route, which have been characterized by powder X‐ray diffraction (XRD), field‐emission scanning electron microscopy (FE‐SEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). NiO materials can be prepared via the thermal treatment of the precursor in ambient atmosphere. The XRD, SEM, Energy dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy (EDS) and UV‐Vis spectroscopy of the NiO materials were also examined. The effects of the reaction conditions, such as the reaction temperature, the quantity of the raw materials on the morphologies of the precursors were discussed, which indicates that it is an effective method to synthesize NiO materials with different hierarchical structures. (© 2010 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
An analog cell and its applications in analog signal processing
Authors: Sajjadi‐Kia Hamed 
Published: March 2010

AbstractThis paper presents a straightforward current‐mode CMOS squarer circuit. The proposed circuit exploits the square‐law characteristic of MOS transistor in saturation region. The squarer circuit is then used to implement multiplier and exponential functions. To demonstrate the method, circuits are designed in 0.35 µm CMOS process, using single 3.3 V supply. HSPICE simulations, with level 49 model parameters, confirm the operation of the proposed CMOS circuits. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Analysis and synthesis of oscillator systems described by perturbed double hump Duffing equations
Authors: Georgiev Zhivko D. , Karagineva Irina L. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractThis paper presents an analysis of oscillator systems described by double hump Duffing equations under polynomial perturbations of fourth degree. It has been proved that such a system can have unique hyperbolic limit cycle whose properties depend on the perturbation coefficients. The analytical condition for the arising of a limit cycle has been derived. Moreover, a method for the synthesis of oscillator systems of the considered type, having preliminarily assigned properties, is proposed. The synthesis consists of an appropriate choice of the perturbation coefficients in such a way that the oscillator equation is to have in advance assigned limit cycle. Both the analysis and the synthesis are performed with the aid of the Melnikov function. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Sensing margin trend with technology scaling in MRAM
Authors: Song Jee‐Hwan , Kim Jisu , Kang Seung H. , Yoon Sei‐Seung , Jung Seong‐Ook 
Published: March 2010

AbstractMagnetoresistive random access memory (MRAM) is a leading candidate for future memory applications because it may provide compelling advantages by combining desirable attributes of SRAM, DRAM, and Flash. Process technology has recently scaled down to the nano‐meter regime, which accordingly has resulted in lowering supply voltage, increasing short channel effect, and rapidly increasing process variation. MRAM is also affected by technology scaling, which significantly reduces the sensing margin. In this paper, several circuit design parameters, such as supply voltage, transistor size, and transistor gate voltage in the sensing circuit, are evaluated to discover the root causes of reduced sensing margin with technology scaling. The lowered supply voltage and lowered output resistance of the transistor, which occurs with technology scaling, are verified as the root causes of reduced sensing margin. It is also shown that increased process variation due to technology scaling aggravates the problem. A high supply voltage with power gating combined with optimized transistor size and gate voltage, and a power gating scheme using an IO device with an IO voltage are suggested as effective design solutions for reliably increasing the sensing margin in the presence of process variation. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
High output impedance CMQOs using DVCCs and grounded components
Authors: Maheshwari Sudhanshu , Chaturvedi Bhartendu 
Published: March 2010

AbstractIn this paper a new circuit topology for realizing second‐order current‐mode quadrature oscillator is proposed. Three additional circuits are further derived from it, thus resulting in four distinct circuits. Each circuit employs three differential voltage current conveyors and all grounded passive components, ideal for IC implementation. All the circuits possess high output impedance. The circuits exhibit non‐interactive frequency control and low THD. The effects of non‐idealities are also analyzed. PSPICE simulations using 0.5 µCMOS parameters confirm the validity and practical utility of the proposed circuits. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Investigation of New 2,5‐Dimethylpyrrolyl Titanium Alkylamide and Alkoxide Complexes as Precursors for the Liquid Injection MOCVD of TiO2
Authors: Black Kate , Jones Anthony C. , Bacsa John , Chalker Paul R. , Marshall Paul A. , Davies Hywel O. , Heys Peter N. , O'Brien Paul , Afzaal Mohammad , Raftery James , Critchlow Gary W. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractThe new titanium 2,5‐dimethylpyrrolyl complexes [(Me2C4H2N)Ti(NMe2)3] and [(Me2C4H2N)Ti(µ2‐OiPr)(OiPr)2]2 and the previously reported titanium pyrrolyl complex [(C4H4N)Ti(µ2‐OiPr)(OiPr)2]2 are synthesized and chemically and structurally characterized. Single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction (XRD) data show that [(Me2C4H2N)Ti(NMe2)3] is monomeric with a pseudo‐tetrahedral geometry and contains an N‐σ bonded 2,5‐dimethylpyrrolyl ligand. The complexes [(Me2C4H2N)Ti (µ2‐OiPr)(OiPr)2]2 and [(C4H4N)Ti(µ2‐OiPr)(OiPr)2]2 are dimeric and contain two terminal and two bridging isopropoxy groups and terminal N‐σ‐bonded pyrrolyl ligands. The complexes [(Me2C4H2N)Ti(NMe2)3] and [(Me2C4H2N)Ti (µ2‐OiPr)(OiPr)2]2 are investigated as precursors for the deposition of TiO2 by liquid injection metal‐organic (MO)CVD. Titanium oxide films deposited at 450 °C from [(Me2C4H2N)Ti(NMe2)3] contain significantly more carbon impurities (C = 12.7 at.‐%) than those grown from [(Me2C4H2N)Ti(µ2‐OiPr)(OiPr)2]2 (C = 6.1 at.‐%). XRD analysis shows that the titanium oxide films deposited at 450 °C are amorphous.
Direct and Protein‐Mediated Cell Attachment on Differently Terminated Nanocrystalline Diamond
Authors: Klauser Frederik , Hermann Martin , Steinmüller‐Nethl Doris , Eiter Oliver , Pasquarelli Alberto , Bertel Erminald , Seppi Thomas , Lukas Peter , Lechleitner Thomas 
Published: March 2010

AbstractThe aim of this study is to investigate the influence of wettability on direct and protein‐mediated cell‐surface interactions. Nanocrystalline diamond (NCD) is chosen as a cell growth substrate, because it offers the possibility to adjust surface properties like roughness or chemical termination, thus realizing hydrophilic or hydrophobic surfaces. Cell adhesion is studied on NCD films with a defined roughness but different surface chemistries (hydrogen, fluorine, and oxygen terminations) using two different cell lines (LLC‐PK1 and PANC‐1). They are cultured with and without the addition of fetal bovine serum (FBS) to the growth medium in order to discriminate between direct and mediated cell adhesion. For both cell lines, the cells are not able to adhere to hydrophobic surfaces without the addition of FBS to the growth medium, whereas they can attach in the presence of FBS. Hydrophilic surfaces enable cell attachment with and without the addition of FBS to the medium.
Wide‐angle light‐scattering differentiation of organelle‐size particle distributions in whole cells
Authors: Su Xuantao , Rozmus Wojciech , Tsui Ying Y. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractA finite‐difference time‐domain (FDTD) method is used to study the multiple scattering from many organelle‐size particles distributed in a biological cell. Conventional flow cytometry, where the small‐angle forward scatter (FSC) intensity and side scatter (SSC) intensity are used for cell characterizations, may have difficulties to differentiate the organelle distributions in biological cells. Based on the FDTD simulations, a light‐scattering methodology is proposed here to overcome such a problem. This method differentiates the dense and sparse distributions of organelle‐size particles in a cell, by counting the peak numbers in both large‐angle FSC and wide‐angle SSC, with the multiple scattering effects being considered. Implemented with a wide‐angle microfluidic cytometer, the approach demonstrated in this theoretical study may find potential applications in clinics for label‐free cell physiological study. © 2010 International Society for Advancement of Cytometry
Large pulmonary cryptococcoma and cryptococcal meningitis in an immunocompetent patient: A case report
Authors: Singh Ranbeer , Joshi Deepti , Gupta Anupama , Gangane Nitin 
Published: March 2010

AbstractPulmonary cryptococcoma is a life threatening mycosis and is an unusual disease for immunocompetent individuals. Herein we report a case of large pulmonary cryptococcoma associated with cryptococcal meningitis, presenting radiologically as a lung mass in right upper lobe, in a previously healthy, HIV negative, immunocompetent young individual. Since cryptococcosis continues to be an important infection in HIV negative patients and is associated with substantial overall and cause‐specific mortality, the need for consideration of this entity in the differential diagnosis of a lung mass is emphasized. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2010;38:929–931. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Elevated expression of SOX9 is related with the progression of gastric carcinoma
Authors: Zhou Cheng‐Jun , Guo Jian‐Qiang , Zhu Kong‐Xi , Zhang Qing‐Hui , Pan Cheng‐Ran , Xu Wei‐Hua , Wang Hong‐Juan , Liu Bin 
Published: March 2010

AbstractTo investigate the SOX9 expression and its effects on promoting invasion and metastasis in the primary gastric adenocarcinomas. One hundred and eighty six patients with primary gastric adenocarcinomas who underwent surgery between 2002 and 2006 were classified as low, intermediate, and high SOX9 expression groups by immunohistochemistry (IHC). Our IHC performance showed that SOX9 was lowly expressed in lower crypt of the normal epithelium adjacent to the tumor, and SOX9 expression was also observed in the intestinal metaplastic epithelium, but no SOX9 expression was detected in the surface epithelium. The stronger SOX9 expression was observed in the T3‐T4 group than in the T1‐T2 group, and there was a significant difference between the two groups (P < 0.0005). The SOX9 expression was correlated with the lymph node metastasis, and it showed significant between N0, N1, N2, and N3 groups (P < 0.0005). Similar to the lymph node metastasis classification, the SOX9 expression was also related to the tumor staging. From the stage Ia–Ib to stage II–IIIa and stage IIIb–IV, the SOX9 expression was elevated and the difference was significant (P < 0.0005). On the contrary, the SOX9 expression was not related to the histological classification (P > 0.05). Also the SOX9 expression showed no significance in patient age (P > 0.05). The SOX9 is overexpressed in the advanced stage of gastric carcinoma. SOX9 is related to the tumor progression though promoting invasion and metastasis, probably via enhancing the adhesion between the tumor cells and matrix or vessels which facilitates the tumor cells metastasis. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2011;39:105–109. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Psychobiological models of adolescent risk: Implications for prevention and intervention
Authors: Jackson‐Newsom Julia , Shelton Terri L. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractPsychobiological models of risk have much to contribute to the prevention of and intervention with risky behavior among adolescents. Emerging research is beginning to provide better information about mechanisms underlying individual differences in risky behavior (e.g., differences in self‐regulation) and providing insight into unique vulnerabilities that occur during adolescence (e.g., increases in reward seeking). This work suggests ways in which prevention programming can be designed to be sensitive to both individual differences and developmental timing. Psychobiological models of risk also have practical implications for the manner and methods of conducting prevention and intervention work. Future work in both the etiology and prevention of risky behavior can benefit from ongoing dialogue and has the potential to result in a more sophisticated understanding of the mechanisms of change related to risky behavior. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Dev Psychobiol 52: 295–297, 2010
Direct visualization of the dynamics of antigen presentation in human cells infected with cytomegalovirus revealed by antibodies mimicking TCR specificity
Authors: Makler Oryan , Oved Kfir , Netzer Nir , Wolf Dana , Reiter Yoram 
Published: March 2010

AbstractThere are no direct means to study class I MHC presentation in human normal or diseased cells. Using CMV‐infected human cells and applying novel mAb that mimic T‐cell receptor specificity directed toward the immunogenic epitope of the viral pp65 protein presented on HLA‐A2 molecules, we directly imaged the dynamics of Ag presentation in infected cells. We demonstrate that following infection large intracellular pools of HLA‐A2/pp65 complexes are localized to the Golgi. These HLA‐A2/pp65 pools account for the majority of total HLA‐A2 molecules in infected cells. Interestingly, these large pools are sequestered inside infected cells and only a small portion of them are exported to the cell surface. Virus‐induced class I MHC down‐regulation did not affect the intracellular pool of HLA‐A2/pp65 complexes. Our data also suggest that proteasome function influences the release of class I complexes to the membrane. We present herein a new and direct molecular tool to study the dynamics of viral Ag presentation that may further elucidate the balance between immune response versus viral escape.
Metal Effects on the Asymmetric Synthesis of a New Heterobidentate As/P=S Ligand
Authors: Ma Mengtao , Pullarkat Sumod A. , Li Yongxin , Leung Pak‐Hing 
Published: March 2010

AbstractThe cycloaddition reaction between 3,4‐dimethyl‐1‐phenylarsole and diphenylvinylphosphane sulfide was promoted by chiral palladium and platinum complexes containingortho‐metalated (S)‐[1‐(dimethylamino)ethyl]naphthalene. They exhibited similar stereoselectivity; the palladium cycloadducts could not be separated via column chromatography and fractional crystallization, however, the corresponding platinum complexes could be successfully converted into their enantiomerically pure counterpart. A formal arsanylidene elimination reaction was observed on the liberated free As/P=S bidentate ligand.
Direct Racemic Mixture Synthesis of Fluorinated Amino Acids by Perfluoroalkyl Radical Addition to Dehydroamino Acids Terminated by Asymmetric Protonation
Authors: Yajima Tomoko , Tonoi Takayuki , Nagano Hajime , Tomita Yuichi , Mikami Koichi 
Published: March 2010

AbstractThe development of efficient methods for the synthesis and purification of chiral organic compounds is a challenge in modern science and technology. Pharmaceutically and agrochemically important compounds are especially required in optically pure form. We report the racemic mixture synthesis of β‐perfluoroalkyl α‐amino acids, which is based on the In‐mediated addition of perfluoroalkyl radicals to dehydroamino acids followed by asymmetric protonation. All the enantiomers can be separated by using a single chiral HPLC column, without orthogonal use of a fluorous column.
Ambident Reactivity of Bis(Diisopropylamino)carbene
Authors: Poliakov Dmytro , Shevchenko Igor 
Published: March 2010

AbstractBis(diisopropylamino)carbene can display not only carbene‐like reactivity but also enter 1,3‐addition reactions with the participation of the carbon and nitrogen atoms of the N–C–N unit.
A Preparative Synthesis of Human Chitinase Fluorogenic Substrate (4′‐Deoxychitobiosyl)‐4‐methylumbelliferone
Authors: Dinkelaar Jasper , Duivenvoorden Boudewijn A. , Wennekes Tom , Overkleeft Herman S. , Boot Rolf G. , Aerts Johannes M. F. G. , Codée Jeroen D. C. , van der Marel Gijs A. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractTo meet the increasing clinical demand for the diagnostic agent (4′‐deoxychitobiosyl)‐4‐methylumbelliferone, a flexible and scalable route of synthesis is needed. In this paper such a route is presented. The key to the route is the use of a partially protected thiophenyl glucosamine as starting material for the preparation of both the reducing and nonreducing end building blocks of the 4′‐deoxychitobiose disaccharide.
Profiling of mouse synaptosome proteome and phosphoproteome by IEF
Authors: Filiou Michaela D. , Bisle Birgit , Reckow Stefan , Teplytska Larysa , Maccarrone Giuseppina , Turck Christoph W. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractSynapses play important roles in neurotransmission and neuroplasticity. For an in‐depth analysis of the synaptic proteome and phosphoproteome, synaptosomal proteins from whole mouse brain were analyzed by IEF and MS resulting in the largest synaptosome proteome described to date, with 2980 unique proteins identified with two or more peptides. At the same time, 118 synaptosomal phosphoproteins were identified, eight of which are reported for the first time as phosphorylated. Expression of selected proteins in synaptosomes was investigated by Western blot. We demonstrate that IEF is a powerful method to interrogate complex samples such as brain tissue both at the proteome and the phosphoproteome level without the need of additional enrichment for phosphoproteins. The detailed synaptoproteome data set reported here will help to elucidate the molecular complexity of the synapse and contribute to our understanding of synaptic systems biology in health and disease.
Proteomic analysis reveals changes in the hippocampus protein pattern of rats exposed to dietary zinc deficiency
Authors: Liu Jing , Jiang Yugang , Huang Chengyu , Fang Hongyun , Fang Hengtong , Pang Wei 
Published: March 2010

AbstractAn experiment was performed to observe protein changes in the hippocampus of zinc‐deficient (ZD) rats. Twenty‐four male weanling Wistar rats were randomly assigned to ZD (n=12) and control groups (n=12). After 4‐wk treatment, we used 2‐DE and MALDI‐TOF‐MS to analyze the proteomes of hippocampus in the two groups. One of the important differential proteins, ubiquitin C‐terminal hydrolase L1 (Uch‐L1), was confirmed by Western blot assays. The results demonstrated that compared with the controls, ZD rats had significantly reduced plasma zinc concentration and alkaline phosphatase activity. The latency period in passive avoidance performance was also significantly shorter for the ZD rats. Nine proteins were differentially expressed between the two groups. Eight of them were identified. Tubulin β chain and voltage‐dependent anion channel 1 were upregulated, while mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase, α‐enolase, dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase 1, F‐actin capping protein α‐2 subunit, pyruvate dehydrogenase β and Uch‐L1 were downregulated, respectively. Importantly, some of the identified proteins (e.g. Uch‐L1) are known to be involved in cognitive impairment. Western blot analysis of hippocampus Uch‐L1 expression confirmed the proteomic findings. The data indicated that there may be common mechanisms or pathways in cognitive dysfunction between neurodegenerative diseases and zinc deficiency.
Improved sample preparation method for glycan analysis of glycoproteins by CE‐LIF and CE‐MS
Authors: Szabo Zoltan , Guttman András , Rejtar Tomas , Karger Barry L. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractCE is a high‐resolution separation technique broadly used in the biotechnology industry for carbohydrate analysis. The standard sample preparation protocol for CE analysis of glycans released from glycoproteins generally requires derivatization times of overnight at 37°C, using ≥100 fold excess of fluorophore reagent, 8‐aminopyrene‐1,3,6‐trisulfonic‐acid, if the sample is unknown, or it is a regulated biotherapeutic product, possibly containing terminal sialic acid(s). In this paper, we report on significant improvements for the standard CE sample preparation method of glycan analysis. By replacing the conventionally used acetic acid catalyst with citric acid, as low as 1:10 glycan to fluorophore molar ratio (versus the typical 1:≥100 ratio) maintained the >95% derivatization yield at 55°C with only 50 min reaction time. Terminal sialic acid loss was negligible at 55°C during the derivatization process, and indicating that the kinetics of labeling at 55°C was faster than the loss of sialic acid from the glycan. The reduced relative level of 8‐aminopyrene‐1,3,6‐trisulfonic‐acid simplified the removal of excess reagent, important in both CE‐LIF (electrokinetic injection bias) and CE‐MS (ion suppression). Coupling CE‐ ESI‐MS confirmed that the individual peaks separated by CE corresponded to single glycans and increased the confidence of structural assignment based on glucose unit values.
Dynamic stiffness of deep foundations with inclined piles
Authors: Padrón L. A. , Aznárez J. J. , Maeso O. , Santana A. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractThe influence of inclined piles on the dynamic response of deep foundations and superstructures is still not well understood and needs further research. For this reason, impedance functions of deep foundations with inclined piles, obtained numerically from a boundary element–finite element coupling model, are provided in this paper. More precisely, vertical, horizontal, rocking and horizontal–rocking crossed dynamic stiffness and damping functions of single inclined piles and 2 × 2 and 3 × 3 pile groups with battered elements are presented in a set of plots. The soil is assumed to be a homogeneous viscoelastic isotropic half‐space and the piles are modeled as elastic compressible Euler–Bernoulli beams. The results for different pile group configurations, pile–soil stiffness ratios and rake angles are presented. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Synthesis of new organophosphorus‐substituted mono‐ and bis(trimethylsilyl)amines with PCH2N fragments and their derivatives
Authors: Prishchenko Andrey A. , Livantsov Mikhail V. , Novikova Olga P. , Livantsova Ludmila I. , Petrosyan Valery S. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractConvenient procedures for the synthesis of new organophosphorus‐substituted mono‐ and bis(trimethylsilyl)amines with PCH2N moiety are proposed, starting from trimethylsilyl esters of organophosphorus acids, as well as 1,3,5‐trialkylhexahydro‐1,3,5‐triazines and N‐alkoxymethyl bis(trimethylsilyl)amines as aminomethylating reagents. Certain properties of the resulting compounds are presented. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heteroatom Chem 21:71–77, 2010; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/hc.20580
Efficient combination of task‐specific ionic liquid and microwave dielectric heating applied to synthesis of a large variety of nitrones
Authors: Valizadeh Hassan 
Published: March 2010

AbstractUnder mild microwave irradiation conditions and without any additional organic solvents, a large variety of nitrones were prepared in a weak Lewis base phosphinite task‐specific ionic liquid (TSIL‐OPPh2) in excellent yields. This catalytic TSIL was also recyclable. Under optimized microwave irradiation conditions, the reaction occurred at very shorter reaction time and higher yields in comparison with conventional heating conditions. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heteroatom Chem 21:78–83, 2010; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/hc.20581