bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of the Efficacy of a Prosthodontic Stent in Determining the Position of Dental Implants
Authors: Talwar Naina , Chand Pooran , Singh Balendra Pratap , Rao Jitendra , Pal U. S. , Ram Hari 
Published: October 2011

AbstractPurpose: To evaluate the efficacy of a dual purpose (diagnostic and surgical) acrylic resin stent with gutta percha marker used in conjunction with 3D imaging in determination of the position and inclination of dental implants.Materials and Methods: This study was performed as a case control study. A total of 41 implants, of which 20 had been placed without the use of stents and 3D imaging (control group) and 21 were placed using stents and 3D imaging (study group), were studied. A diagnostic and surgical stent with radio‐opaque indicator (gutta percha) was fabricated to determine the planned prosthetic position and inclination of the implant. Computed tomography images were obtained and were analyzed using Denta Scan software. The position of the implant was analyzed in mesiodistal and buccolingual dimensions in terms of both position and angulation. SPSS v15.0 was used for statistical analysis (p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant).Results: The study group demonstrated an overall 98.9% efficacy of the test technique being used in the study. On qualitative assessment, the results obtained were within the defined ideal threshold level for four of five parameters (distance from buccal and lingual cortical plate, inter‐implant distance, and buccolingual angulation of the implant relative to underlying alveolar bone). For mesiodistal distance from adjacent teeth, the observation was not above threshold value for only one case. For the control group, the overall efficacy was 66.9%.Conclusion: The technique of combined use of a prosthodontic stent and 3D imaging is an efficacious and better technique in achieving an ideal position of dental implants as compared to conventional techniques using periapical and panoramic radiographs and a cast.
Prospective Observation of a New Bioactive Luting Cement: 2‐Year Follow‐Up
Authors: Jefferies Steven R. , Pameijer Cornelis H. , Appleby David C. , Boston Daniel , Galbraith Colin , Lööf Jesper , Glantz Per‐Olof 
Published: October 2011

AbstractPurpose: A pilot study was conducted to determine the 2‐year clinical performance of a new bioactive dental cement (Ceramir C&B, formerly XeraCem) for permanent cementation.Materials and Methods: The cement used in this study is a new formulation class, a hybrid material comprising calcium aluminate and glass ionomer. Thirty‐eight crowns and fixed partial denture (FPD) abutments were cemented in 17 patients. Thirty‐one of the abutment teeth were vital, 7 nonvital. Six reconstructions were FPDs comprising 14 abutment teeth (12 vital/2 nonvital). A two‐unit fixed splint was also included. Preparation parameters and cement characteristics (dispensing, working time, seating characteristics, ease of cement removal) were recorded. Baseline and postcementation data were recorded for marginal integrity, marginal discoloration, secondary caries, retention, and gingival inflammation. Tooth sensitivity was assessed at pre‐ and postcementation time points using categorical and visual analogue scale (VAS) assessment measures.Results: Mixing of the cement was reported as “easy.” Clinical working time for this cement was deemed acceptable. Assessment of seating characteristics indicated all restorations were seated completely after cementation. Cement removal was determined to be “easy.” Fifteen of 17 subjects were available for 1‐year recall examination; 13 patients were available for the 2‐year recall examination. Restorations at 2‐year recall examination included 17 single‐unit, full‐coverage crown restorations, four 3‐unit FPDs comprising 8 abutments, and one 2‐unit splint. No retentive failures or sensitivity were recorded at 2‐year recall. Marginal integrities of all restorations/abutments at 2 years were rated in the “alpha” category. Average VAS score for tooth sensitivity decreased from 7.63 mm at baseline to 0.44 mm at 6‐month recall, 0.20 mm at 1‐year recall, and 0.00 mm at 2‐year recall. The average gingival index score for gingival inflammation decreased from 0.56 at baseline to 0.11 at 6‐month recall, then 0.16 at 1‐year recall, and 0.21 at 2‐year recall.Conclusions: Two‐year recall data yielded no loss of retention, no secondary caries, no marginal discolorations, and no subjective sensitivity. All restorations rated “alpha” for marginal integrity at the 2‐year recall. After periodic recalls up to 2 years, the new bioactive cement tested thus far has performed favorably as a luting agent for permanent cementation.
Detection of Articular Pathology of the Distal Aspect of the Third Metacarpal Bone in Thoroughbred Racehorses: Comparison of Radiography, Computed Tomography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Authors: O'Brien Thomas , Baker Theresa A. , Brounts Sabrina H. , Sample Susannah J. , Markel Mark D. , Scollay Mary C. , Marquis Patricia , Muir Peter 
Published: October 2011

ObjectiveTo compare digital radiography (DR), computed tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for detection of pathology of the distal aspect of the third metacarpal bone (MC3) and to assess whether arthrography would improve detection of articular cartilage or subchondral bone cracking.Study DesignCross‐sectional study.Sample PopulationLimb specimens from 17Thoroughbred horses after catastrophic injury and 4 age‐matched control horses.MethodsStandardDR,CT, andMRIimages of the metacarpophalangeal joint were acquired before and after iohexol injection. Pathologic features detected with imaging and on visual inspection of cartilage and subchondral bone of the distal aspect ofMC3 were graded. Imaging observations were compared with pathologic abnormalities.ResultsInspection revealed obvious changes in the cartilage and subchondral bone surfaces inThoroughbreds. BothCTandMRIwere superior toDRfor detection of subchondral bone pathology. Cracking of cartilage was not detected by any imaging modality. Signal changes associated with cartilage loss and development of repair tissue were evident on MRI in 9/19 cases. There was significant correlation (P< .05) between subchondral bone pathology detected on bothCTandMRI, and cartilage pathology on gross examination. Contrast arthrography did not improve the detection of articular cartilage or subchondral plate cracking.ConclusionBothCTandMRIare superior toDRfor detection of subchondral bone pathology, but underestimate the extent of joint adaptation and pathologic damage.MRIwas able to detect cartilage degeneration.
Computed Tomographic Documentation of the Natural Progression of Humeral Intracondylar Fissure in a Cocker Spaniel
Authors: Farrell Michael , Trevail Tim , Marshall William , Yeadon Russell , Carmichael Stuart 
Published: October 2011

ObjectiveTo report the computed tomographic (CT) documentation of humeral intracondylar fissure (HIF) developing after complete ossification of the humeral condyle (HC).Study DesignClinical report.AnimalsMale 3 year old working (English)CockerSpaniel.MethodsSequentialCTscreening (659‐day interval between analyses).ResultsA sagittal hypodense fissure typical of incomplete ossification of the humeral condyle (IOHC) was identified ∼22 months after screeningCTexamination documented a normal elbow joint.ConclusionEven in dogs with clinical features typical of the condition most commonly termedIOHC, fissure formation and propagation can occur after ossification is complete.
Welfare impacts of maize–pigeonpea intensification in Tanzania
Authors: Amare Mulubrhan , Asfaw Solomon , Shiferaw Bekele 
Published: October 2011

AbstractThis article examines the driving forces behind farmers’ decisions to adopt improved pigeonpea and maize and estimates the causal impact of technology adoption on household welfare using data obtained from a random cross‐section sample of 613 small‐scale farmers in Tanzania. We use seemingly unrelated and recursive bivariate probit regressions to test the endogeneity and joint decision making of pigeonpea–maize production. A double hurdle model is used to analyze the determinants of the intensity of technology adoption conditional on overcoming seed access constraints. To address the impact of adoption on welfare, the article employs both propensity score matching and switching regression techniques. Results from bivariate probit models show that unobservable factors cause both decisions to be correlated but the finding does not support the conjecture that both decisions are made jointly. Overall the analysis of the determinants of adoption identifies inadequate local supply of seed, access to information, human capital, and access to private productive asset as key constraints for pigeonpea technology adoption. The causal impact estimation from both the propensity score matching and switching regression suggests that maize/pigeonpea adoption has a positive and significant impact on income and consumption expenditure among sample households.
Health care expenditures of self‐employed farm households in the United States
Authors: Mishra Ashok K. , El‐Osta Hisham S. , Ahearn Mary C. 
Published: October 2011

AbstractFor self‐employed individuals and their families, purchases of health care services and health insurance policies have the potential to impact their health status, as well as the financial viability of their businesses. Most people in the United States receive health insurance coverage through employer‐sponsored programs. Self‐employed individuals and their households, such as farm households, may face a greater challenge in getting affordable health insurance. Using a large cross‐sectional farm household level dataset, we estimate the impact of the source of health insurance on health care expenditures of farm households in the United States. Results suggest that farm households purchasing individual health insurance directly from vendors are likely to spend more on health care than those with other sources of health insurance. After controlling for a variety of personal and local area characteristics, having health insurance was negatively related to total health care expenditures. Age and income, not surprisingly, were also found to be significant in explaining health care expenditures.
Periodontitis could be related factors on metabolic syndrome among Koreans: a case–control study
Authors: Han Dong‐Hun , Lim Sinye , Paek Domyung , Kim Hyun‐Duck 
Published: October 2011

AbstractAim:Several studies have suggested that metabolic disorders are related to periodontitis. The objective of this study is to assess whether periodontitis is associated with the metabolic syndrome (MetS) among Koreans.Material and MethodsThis case–control study was performed among 167 cases with MetS and 166 healthy controls from Shiwha‐Banwol Environmental Health Cohort (N = 1853). The community periodontal index (CPI) was used to assess periodontitis (CPI 3–4). MetS was an outcome variable and periodontitis was a main explanatory variable. Age–gender‐matched conditional logistic regression models were applied. Monthly household income, smoking, drinking, physical activity and diabetes mellitus were factored as confounders. We also performed stratified analyses according to confounders.ResultsThose with periodontitis are more likely to be patients with MetS than those without periodontitis. The adjusted odds ratio of periodontitis for MetS was 1.76. There was no significant dose–effect response on the relationship between the number of sextants with periodontitis and MetS. Links became higher in adults aged 45–60 years and adults without diabetes mellitus.ConclusionsThese results suggest that periodontitis could be an independently related factor on MetS. Hence, dentists and physicians should be aware of the importance of periodontitis as a potential source of inflammatory burden.
Pulmonary and hepatic nodular lesions precede the diagnosis of Crohn’s disease in an 8‐year‐old girl: a case study and review of the literature
Authors: Pain‐Prado Eloïse , Rais Azza , Madhi Fouad , Orzechowski Christine , Dubern Beatrice , Epaud Ralph 
Published: October 2011

AbstractAim:  To describe a novel clinical observation and to provide a review the literature about lung involvement in children with Crohn disease (CD).Methods:  An 8‐year‐old girl presented with pulmonary and hepatic granulomatous lesions, followed 6 months later by abdominal and general symptoms, resulting in the diagnosis of CD. Differential diagnosis between CD and sarcoidosis and a review of the literature about lung lesions in children with CD are discussed.Results:  Crohn disease can be associated with pulmonary lesions, developing before, at the same time or after occurrence of digestive symptoms.Conclusions:  This report highlights not only the importance of looking for lung lesions in CD but also underscores the necessity of considering the diagnosis of CD in incomplete presentation evoking sarcoidosis.
Forest microhabitats differentially influence seedling phenology of two co‐existing Mediterranean oak species
Authors: Monnier Yogan , Prévosto Bernard , Ripert Christian , Corbani Aude C. , Fernandez Catherine 
Published: October 2011

AbstractQuestionHow do forest microhabitats impact seasonal microclimate conditions and phenological seedling strategies in two co‐occurring Mediterranean Quercus species with different leaf habits?LocationPinus halepensis woodlands, Provence, SE France.MethodsNinety sets of three acorns of Quercus ilex (evergreen) or Quercus pubescens (winter‐deciduous) were sown under various P. halepensis canopy cover conditions. Canopy cover and litter depth were measured at each sowing point, and soil moisture and temperature were measured twice monthly. Seedling phenology and aerial development were monitored during the second growing season under different microhabitats.ResultsDuring rainy periods, soil moisture was higher under open canopy and thinner litter layers, whereas during summer drought soil moisture was higher under dense canopy and thicker litter layers. Quercus pubescens seedlings had higher growth activity than Q. ilex before summer drought, whereas the pattern reversed during autumnal growth. Dense canopy cover strongly delayed budburst and decreased foliar development in Q. pubescens, which was more affected than Q. ilex. Depending on species phenology, litter thickness can influence height growth of flushes during early summer.ConclusionsQuercus pubescens has a phenological strategy to allow development of maximal foliar area before summer drought, a typical growth strategy of Mediterranean winter‐deciduous species. In contrast, later phenological activity of evergreen Q. ilex enables it to cope with the dry period and capitalize on autumnal precipitation events. Dense cover acts as shelter in the dry season but can reduce soil moisture during wetter seasons. In contrast to Q. ilex, Q. pubescens appeared strongly dependent on canopy cover, suggesting that Q. ilex has a larger regeneration niche in Aleppo pine woodlands. In the context of global change, this ‘microhabitat effect’ on species‐specific phenological strategy underlines the need to consider effects of local environmental conditions on regenerating species.
Pain management in Australian emergency departments: Current practice, enablers, barriers and future directions
Authors: Bennetts Scott , Campbell‐Brophy Evylyn , Huckson Susan , Doherty Steven ,   National Health and Medical Research Council's National Institute for Clinical Studies National Emergency Care Pain Management Initiative
Published: October 2011

AbstractObjective: To explore current pain management practice in Australian EDs and identify enablers and barriers for best‐practice pain management.Methods: Five focus groups and two in‐depth interviews were held with ED clinical staff (n= 47) from six hospitals in three states. Participants were asked open‐ended questions to determine current pain management practices, enablers and barriers to implementing best‐practice pain management, and understand change in practice within the ED setting.Results: Emergency department staff identified a gap between evidence‐based pain management recommendations and everyday practice. Perceived barriers to improving pain management included a lack of time and resources, a greater number of urgent and serious presentations that place pain management as a lower priority, organizational protocols and legislative issues. All groups noted difficulty in applying pain management guidelines in the context of competing priorities in the challenging ED environment. A culture of learning clinical practice from respected senior staff and peers was perceived to be a key enabler. Participants consistently expressed the view that evidence‐based practice improvement should be championed by senior clinical staff, and that evidence to demonstrate the benefits of change must be presented to support the need for change.Conclusions: Effective and sustainable system change requires a strategy that is initiated within the ED, targets opinion leaders, is supported by evidence, and engages all levels of ED staff.
Adult intussusception: A 15‐year retrospective review
Authors: Ma Ka‐Wing , Li Wing‐Hong , Cheung Moon‐Tong 
Published: October 2011

Objective:  Adult intussusception is an uncommon disease and is usually associated with malignancy. In many cases, diagnosis is made only in the theatre as a result of its non‐specific presentation and low index of suspicion. By reporting the present study, we would like to share our experience in managing this condition.Methodology:  Patients with the diagnosis of intussusception admitted to Queen Elizabeth Hospital within the period 1996–2010 were included. Demographic data, presenting symptoms, and operative and pathological findings were collected and analysed.Results:  There were 37 adult intussusceptions in the study period; 18 of them were female and 19 of them were male. The mean age of the patients was 67 years. More than 40% of the patients had subacute onset of the symptoms. Abdominal pain was the most common presenting symptom, present in 83.5% of the patients. Preoperative diagnosis was made in 62.2% of the cases and all of these received either preoperative computed tomography and/or ultrasonography. There were nine enteric and 28 colonic intussusceptions. A pathological lead‐point could be identified in 83.8%, and their size ranged from 2 cm to 8 cm. The malignant lead‐point was larger than the benign one lead‐point (4.74 vs 3.3, P = 0.021). Malignancy was found in 33.3% of the enteric lesions and 60.7% of the colonic lesions. respectively. Age older than 70 years was found to be an associated risk factor for malignancy (P = 0.022).Conclusion:  Intussusception should be considered as one of the differential diagnoses, especially in elderly patients complaining of subacute abdominal pain. Computed tomography scan should be the imaging of choice. Oncological resection should be carried out without attempt of reduction if the patient is older than 70 years, having colonic intussusception and containing a large lead‐point.
New energy‐based devices in laparoscopic splenectomy: Comparison of Ligasure alone versus Ligasure and Ultracision together
Authors: Kurt Yavuz , Yücel Ergun , Filiz Ali İlker , Sücüllü İlker , Akin Mehmet Levhi 
Published: October 2011

Background:  More effective energy‐based haemostatic devices, such as LigaSure and Ultracision, have made laparoscopic solid organ surgery, such as laparoscopic splenectomy (LS), feasible and have facilitated its advancement. The aim of the present study was to compare the effectiveness of Ligasure alone or Ligasure and Ultracision together in LS.Methods:  Between February 2007 and August 2010, 25 consecutive adult patients (16 male, 9 female, mean age 35 years) who underwent LS with a wide range of immune trombositopenic purpura (ITP) were studied retrospectively. The patients were evaluated in two groups. The first group of 12 patients was the LigaSure group, and the second group of 13 patients was the LigaSure + Ultracision group. The two groups were compared according to operating time, blood loss and postoperative hospital stay. Groups were well matched according to age, sex, spleen size and weight, body mass index, converting and complication rate.Results:  Mean operative time was significantly shorter for the LigaSure + Ultracision group versus the LigaSure group (112.3 vs 147.5 min; P = 0.002). Mean intraoperative blood loss was slightly lower for the LigaSure + Ultracision group vs the LigaSure group, but it was not statistically significant (122.3 vs 142.5 mL; P = 0.219). There was no significant difference in mean postoperative hospital stay for both groups (2.3 vs 2.9 days; P = 0.093).Conclusion:  LS must be the first choice for removal of the spleen, particularly for benign haematological disorders. One of the most important factors to achieve advanced laparoscopic surgery, such as LS, is new energy‐based devices, such as LigaSure and Ultracision. Using LigaSure and Ultracision together in LS reduces the operating time.
SDSS J163030.58+423305.8: a 40-min orbital period detached white dwarf binary
Authors: Kilic Mukremin , Brown Warren R. , Hermes J. J. , Allende Prieto Carlos , Kenyon S. J. , Winget D. E. , Winget K. I. 
Published: October 2011

ABSTRACT
We report the discovery of a new detached, double white dwarf (WD) system with an orbital period of 39.8 min. We targeted SDSS J163030.58+423305.8 (hereafter J1630) as part of our radial velocity programme to search for companions around low-mass WDs using the 6.5-m MMT. We detect peak-to-peak radial velocity variations of 576 km s−1. The mass function and optical photometry rule out main-sequence companions. In addition, no millisecond pulsar companions are detected in radio observations. Thus the invisible companion is most likely another WD. Unlike the other 39-min binary SDSS J010657.39−100003.3, follow-up high-speed photometric observations of J1630 obtained at the McDonald 2.1-m telescope do not show significant ellipsoidal variations, indicating a higher primary mass and smaller radius. The absence of eclipses constrain the inclination angle to i≤ 82°. J1630 contains a pair of WDs, 0.3 M⊙ primary +≥0.3 M⊙ invisible secondary, at a separation of ≥0.32 R⊙. The two WDs will merge in less than 31 Myr. Depending on the core composition of the companion, the merger will form either a single core He-burning subdwarf star or a rapidly rotating massive WD. The gravitational wave strain from J1630 is detectable by instruments like the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) within the first year of operation.