bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The main features of the culture of political relations between the USSR and the People's Republic of China
Authors: Wang Jiehan 
Published: June 2024

The main subject of the article is a comparative analysis of the cultures of political relations between the Soviet Union (USSR) and the People's Republic of China (PRC) in the middle of the twentieth century. The author examines in detail such aspects of the topic as ideologization and authoritarianism, centralization of power, control over society and the phenomena of political cults. The article analyzes the key principles and values underlying the political systems of both countries, as well as the strategic goals and methodologies used to implement them. The author explores how ideological principles, power hierarchies and nuances of the political process influenced the formation of civic consciousness and behavioral paradigms of citizens. The article also examines the historical, cultural and geopolitical determinants that determine the similarities and differences in the political cultures of the USSR and the People's Republic of China, and their impact on the domestic and foreign policies of these states. The research methodology includes a comparative analysis of historical sources and scientific works devoted to the political cultures of the USSR and the People's Republic of China, with an emphasis on the study of ideological, structural and socio-political aspects that shaped their development. The scientific novelty of the article lies in a comprehensive comparative analysis of the cultures of the political relations between the USSR and the People's Republic of China, which reveals both common features and unique features of each of them. For the first time, detailed parallels and differences between the two countries are considered in the context of ideologization, centralization of power and mechanisms of control over society. The findings of the study show that despite the common communist heritage, the political cultures of the USSR and the People's Republic of China developed along different trajectories due to national characteristics, historical events and internal political processes. The author argues that these differences have had a significant impact on the international positions and domestic policies of States. As a result, the article contributes to a deeper understanding of the processes of formation and evolution of the political systems of communist regimes, which is important for historians and political scientists studying the history and politics of socialist countries.
Analysis of the Feeding Habits and Nutritional Status of Adolescents in Private Non-boarding Secondary Schools in Bamenda II Municipality, Cameroon
Authors: Ange Ebai Nee Besong Patricia , Manga Eyenga , Mabiama Gustave , Evariste Fongnzossie , Marlene. N  
Published: June 2024

The study has assessed the feeding habits and nutritional status of adolescents in Bamenda II Municipality. Multi-stage sampling technique was used to select four private non boarding secondary schools in Bamenda II Municipality. Systematic sampling was used to select the respondents from form one to lower-sixth and consent forms were signed. Structured questionnaires were administered to 200 adolescents (11-19years). Dietary assessments were also carried out using food frequency questionnaires and 24hr dietary recall. The weight and height of students were taken to determine their body mass indices. The weights and heights of both sexes were taken and the readings were analyzed using standard deviation scores where > median-2SD to + < 1SD= Normal, Median< - 2SD to > - 3SD = moderate of under nutrition, < Median – 3SD = severe under nutrition, + 1SD to < + 3SD= overweight, and greater than + 3SD = obesity. Using BMI- for age boys/girls (Z- score) for assessing nutritional status of adolescents in this study, majority of them were within the normal range. Few were underweight, overweight and obese. For age group 11-14 years, 83.3 % were normal, 16.7% were obese, and 0% for underweight and overweight. For age group 15-17 years, 22.7 % were normal ,25.9 % were obese, 23.5% were under weight and 28.2% were overweight A significant difference (p<0.05) was observed between males and females(15-17 years). For age group 18 and 19 years, 40% were normal ,0 % were obese,14.1 % were under weight and 32.9 % were overweight. A significant difference (X2 =8.0, d,f=3, p=0.040) was observed between males and females(18 and 19 years) .With respect to waist circumference, a percentage of the respondents fell within the normal range. for males and females. The respondents generally ate twice a day. Forty –one (41%) of the respondents said they consume tubers twice a week, 31.5% consume cereals and their products more than four times a week, 12.5% consume pulses, legumes and products twice a week, 32.5% consume animal products once a week, 36.5% consume eggs and dairy products twice a week and 25% consume fruits and vegetables twice a week . The 24hr dietary recall revealed that the diets were monotonous. Peer group influence affects their food choices, feeding habits and nutritional status.
Epiphytic Algae on Dominant Macrophytes in Lotic Ecosystems in the Eastern Flanks of Mount Cameroon
Authors: Awo Miranda Egbe , Fonge Beatrice Ambo 
Published: June 2024

Aims: This study was designed to assess quantitative estimates of epiphyte biomass and diversity on the dominant macrophytes in two rivers in the Eastern flanks of Mount Cameroon.
Place and Duration of Study: Two sets of water samples were collected at the top 10cm of the rivers for nutrient and chlorophyll a determination. A single preliminary collection of algal epiphytes from partially submerged aquatic macrophytes was carried out from the littoral zone of Ndongo and Limbe rivers, between May and June 2023.
Methodology: The sedimentation technique was employed in the study. Three slides were prepared for each aquatic macrophyte sample for microscopic analysis. Identification was done by comparative morphology using relevant journals and textbooks.
Results: All variables related to water clarity (TSS, Phytoplankton Chl a, HC) assessed during the study were similar in both rivers. Water clarity based on HC values was below 6 mg/l implying both rivers were clear during the study period. Epiphytic algae identified were recorded from 4 main divisions, namely Bacillariophyta, Chlorophyta, Cyanophyta and Euglenophyta. The highest algal diversity in Ndongo was recorded from Commelina benghalensis (H=3.45) with 41 algal species identified. Justicia in Ndongo river had the lowest algal species richness (24) with an algal diversity of 2.91. Nymphaea had the highest algal diversity (H=3.36) and algal species richness (36) in Limbe river. Algal species richness was the same in the two other plant hosts Commelina benghalensis and Colocasia esculentus (29 species per host). The highest algal chlorophyll a was recorded on Nymphaea (621mg/g dry weight) and Commelina benghalensis (644mg/g) in Limbe and Ndongo respectively. Lowest epiphyte Chlorophyll a was recorded in Justicia secunda in Ndongo (607 mg/g).
Conclusion: All macrophytes studied harbored a large algal flora demonstrating their diverse ecological roles carried out in these rivers. Nymphaea lotus and Commelina benghalensis in Limbe and Ndongo rivers had the highest epiphytic algal biomass.
A Foundational Study of the Dehram River’s Aquatic Ecosystem: Bridging Fresh and Brackish Water
Authors: Zamanpoore Mehrdad , Abbaspour Fatemeh 
Published: June 2024

In this study, we explore Dehram river system, focusing on its biological characteristics, in a hot arid region. This is a freshwater stream flowing over salt formations. We examined various ecological aspects of the river, including its benthic macroinvertebrates, zooplankton, fishes, as well as some physical and chemical factors in three selected stations. The river showed variations in physical and chemical properties, with salinity and conductivity levels being the most significant. Salinity, total dissolved solids, calcium ion concentration, and nitrate levels increased downstream in the study area. Our findings revealed 13 macroinvertebrate orders present in the river, including a new record for Fars Province - the hydrobiid gastropod Ecrobia grimmi. The discovery of the four fish species in the river marked a new addition to their known geographical distribution. Certain invertebrate families were unique to station 1 and/or 2, while families Dyticidae and Simuliidae were exclusive to station 3. Other families were found in all three stations. Fish groups in the river included four identified cyprinid species, revealing new distribution ranges for them. Capoeta barroisi, known for tolerating specific environmental conditions, was found to adapt to the higher temperature, EC, and pH ranges in the river, setting new ecological records. The river exhibited unique ecological conditions such as high temperature and extranormal conductivity levels, which may have led to specific adaptations in its biota. We recommend further detailed investigations to determine whether these are new species or highly adapted populations isolated geographically and physiologically.
Nanotechnology Facilitated Real Time Soil Monitoring for Optimized Crop Production
Authors: Das Hiren , Singh Sushil Kumar , Priyadarshini Elora , Maurya C.L. , Tiwari Awanindra Kumar , Gulaiya Shani , Khokale Sagar Kashinath , Panigrahi Chandan Kumar , Singh Bal Veer 
Published: June 2024

Nanotechnology has emerged as a powerful tool for advancing precision agriculture through real-time soil monitoring. By leveraging nanoscale sensors, nanoparticles, and nanomaterials, it is now possible to continuously track key soil parameters such as moisture, nutrient levels, pH, and microbial activity at an unprecedented level of spatial and temporal resolution. This real-time data enables farmers to make informed decisions regarding irrigation, fertilization, pest control, and other management practices, ultimately optimizing crop yield and quality while minimizing environmental impact and resource use. Nanomaterials like carbon nanotubes and graphene offer unique properties such as high sensitivity, fast response time, and low power consumption, making them ideal for developing wireless sensor networks that can be deployed in the field for extended periods. Nano-functionalized hydrogels and nanoclays show promise as slow-release fertilizer carriers and water retention agents. Novel nano-biosensors can detect plant pathogens, pollutants, and other stressors at extremely low concentrations, allowing for early intervention. Data collected by nanosensors can be transmitted to cloud-based platforms for advanced analytics and integration with other precision ag technologies like variable rate application, robotics, and digital twins. However, challenges remain in terms of large-scale manufacturing, standardization, cost reduction, and addressing potential ecological and health risks of nanomaterials. Ongoing research aims to develop biodegradable and biocompatible nanostructures, improve stability and durability under harsh field conditions, and establish safety and regulatory guidelines. Multidisciplinary collaboration between nanoscientists, agronomists, engineers, and data scientists will be key to realizing the full potential of nanotechnology for sustaining global food security in the face of climate change and population growth. With responsible development and application, nanotechnology-enabled real-time soil monitoring can revolutionize how we understand and manage one of our most critical natural resources.
Storage Stability and Performance of Fluid Bed Dried Solid State Fermented (SSF) Lactic Cultures
Authors: Akshaykumar . , H Manjunatha , R Devaraju , B Ramachandra , Basavabharati . , NM Madhusudan , CS Shashi Kumar 
Published: June 2024

Aims: In addition to attempting to evaluate the performance of SSF cultures in heated milk, the current study aimed to investigate the impact of refrigeration temperature storage on the fluid bed dried powder of Solid State Fermented (SSF) lactic cultures, such as dahi, yoghurt, and probiotic cultures.
Duration and Place of study: The study was carried out in single season at Karnataka Veterinary, Animal and Fisheries Sciences University (KVAFSU, Bidar), Dairy Science College, Hebbal, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
Study design and Methodology: aerobic spore survival, the raw black gram dhal had the lowest spore count—1.52 log10cfu/g. The spores were killed by sterilizing the black gram dhal at 1210C for 30 minutes and then exposing it to a hot air oven at 1000C for one hour. Black gram dhal containing 1:0 was used to obtain the maximum viable starter counts of dahi (8.41 log10cfu/g), yoghurt (8.98 log10cfu/g), and probiotics (9.47 log10cfu/g) cultures during fermentation. Ash gourd, carrot, tomato, and skim milk powder liquids were added to the 8:1 moisture ratio at 1% level as growth-promoting agents. The fermented SSF cultures were dried on a fluid bed at room temperature (250C) for 1.5 hours. After fluid drying, the SSF culture viability of the probiotic, yoghurt, and dahi cultures dropped from (9.01 to 8.85, 8.65 to 8.33) and 9.65 to 9.34 log10cfu/g, respectively. 9.4% of the SSF cultures' moisture content was observed. Following inoculation of the heat-treated milk with these dried powders of SSF cultures of dahi, yoghurt, and probiotic cultures at 1,0.5, and 3%, the cultures took 5:00, 3:30, and 9:30 hours to establish the heat-treated milk with acidity of 0.68, 0.71, and 0.59% lactic acid, respectively.
Results: The dried SSF lactic cultures were viable for 40 days at 7±10C, or 6 log10cfu/g, when stored at that temperature. The absence of contaminants such as coliforms, aerobic spores, yeast, and molds in the stored fluid-dried SSF lactic cultures demonstrated the good hygienic practices used during the biomass production. The curdling period increased with the number of storage days at refrigeration temperatures in relation to the performance of stored SSF lactic cultures because of the decrease in viable lactic counts.
Conclusion: The minimum viable counts of probiotic, yoghurt, and dahi cultures on the 40th day of storage at refrigerator temperature were 6.45, 6.85, and 6.44 log10 cfu/g, respectively. Furthermore, none of the preserved samples had any coliforms, aerobic spores, yeast, or mould in them.
Geoelectrical and Physicochemical Characterization of Groundwater Contamination around a Cassava Processing Factory in Ogbomoso, Southwestern Nigeria
Authors: Akinlabi Ismaila Abiodun , Akinlade Zainab Adeola 
Published: June 2024

2D resistivity profiling and hydro-geochemical analyses were carried out to assess groundwater contamination. in and around the Cassava Processing Factory at Aarada, Ogbomoso, Southwestern Nigeria. The dipole-dipole profiling was conducted along eight traverses, trending NW-SE, using electrode spacing a = 5m and expansion factor n=1 to 4. The resistivity data were inverted using 2D inversion procedure to produce the 2D inverted resistivity sections beneath the traverses. Water samples were also taken from seven hand dug wells within and around the study area for physicochemical analyses to determine the pH, EC, TDS, and concentrations of cations and anions which included Fe2+, Zn2+, Na+, Pb2+, Cu2+, K+, NO3ˉ and CN-. The 2D inverted resistivity sections revealed that the study is characterized by relatively low resistive zones typical of contamination plumes beneath the traverses near the cassava processing factory and general dumpsite. The pH values range from 7.2 to 8.0 and indicate that the groundwater is basic. They are within the WHO (2011) recommended limits. The electrical conductivity (EC) and total dissolved solids (TDS) exceed the WHO limit in the wells close to the cassava processing factory and the dumpsite, indicating that the water is harmful to human health. The major indicators of groundwater contamination in the study area are the Fe2+ and NO3ˉ caused by percolation of the dumpsite leachate, and CN- caused by infiltration of the cassava effluent, into the aquifers. The level of contamination in the wells is closely related to proximity to the cassava processing factory and the dumpsite. The discharge of the effluents from the cassava processing factory contributes significantly to cyanide contamination of groundwater in the study area. Appropriate remediation measures should be taken to forestall further contamination of groundwater in the study area.
Effect of PGR and Micronutrients on Growth, Yield and Quality of Strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa) cv. Winter Dawn
Authors: Choudhary Sakshi , Topno Samir E. , Joseph Annjoe V. 
Published: June 2024

The experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design which had 8+1(control) Treatments replicated thrice. The vegetative growth and fruit yield is concerned, application of different treatment of Plant Growth Regulator and Micronutrient significantly enhanced the Plant Height(cm), Number of leaves per plant, Plant Spread(cm) and Yield. Maximum (Plant Height(19.00cm), No. of leaves (20.67), leaf area (130.33 cm2), Plant spread (25.50 cm), (No. of fruit per plant (20.44), No. of flower per plant (32.00), fruit yield (9.21q/ha) were recorded best in treatment T2 (75 ppm Gibberellic acid) in terms of Vegatative Parameter.
Bio-Computational Prediction of Novel Epitopes on VP2 Protein of Infectious Bursal Disease Virus
Authors: Singh Niraj K , Tyagi Anuj , Singhal Sumit , Anjay  , Jadoun Yogendra Singh , Kumari Anuradha 
Published: June 2024

Aim: Recently, many viral Immunogenic peptides or epitopes have been used as potential vaccine and also immuno-diagnostic candidates. In this study, we predicted different epitopic peptides on VP2 protein of infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) using bioinformatics tools, which can be potential vaccine as well as diagnostic candidate for IBD, in future.
Study Design: In the present study, B-cell epitopes (linear or continuous, and conformational) and T-cell epitopes were predicted on VP2 protein.
Place and Duration of Study: Bihar Animal Sciences University, Patna, and Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, India between June and December 2023.
Methodology: For the prediction of linear B-cell epitopes, Bepipred Linear Epitope Prediction 2.0, SVMTriP, and BCPred tools were used, while Ellipro was used for conformational B-cell epitopes prediction. In the absence of immune-bioinformatics tool is available to predict poultry MHC-peptide binding, only those human MHC-I/II alleles having greater than 70% identities those of poultry MHC-I/II alleles were selected. NetMHCcons 1.1 and NetMHCIIpan - 4.0 tools were used to predict strong binding affinity of peptides with MHC-I and MHC-II, respectively.
Results: As per analysis by four different tools, the peptide ‘SYDLGYVRLGDPIPAIGLDPKMV ATCDSSDRPRVYTITAADDYQFSSQYQPGGV164-217’ (EpitopeL) was predicted as the most prominent linear B-cell epitope. Two peptides, i.e. ANLNSPLKIAG (EpitopeC 1) and SSQYQPGGRTSVHGLGLTTGTDKSGGQAGDQMS (EpitopeC 2) were predicted as potent conformational B-cell epitopes. During T-cell epitopes prediction, human HLA*B 40:06, HLA*B 41:03 and HLA*B 41:04 alleles chosen as homologues of poultry MHC class I alleles while DRB1:1310, DRB1:1366, DRB1:1445, and DRB1:1482 chosen as homologues of poultry MHC class II alleles. A 9-mer GELVFQTSV236-244 peptide was predicted as MHC-I strong binder ability while, two 15-mer peptides, i.e. YTKLILSERDRLGIK389-403 and QMLLTAQNLPASYNY76-90 were predicted as MHC-II strong binder ability.
Conclusion: Using bio-computational analysis, one linear and two conformational B-cell epitopes were predicted on VP2 protein of IBDV. During T-cell epitopes prediction one 9-mer peptide and two 15-mer peptides were predicted as MHC-I and MHC-II strong binding peptides, respectively. After assessing protective immune responses through in vitro and in vivo studies, these predicted peptides could be potential candidates for developing subunit vaccines.
Main Painful Complains among Physiotherapy Students Due to Arduous Course: A Cross Sectional Survey
Authors: Amaral Zuleide Alves , Lima Melise Noleto da Cruz e , Araujo Warly Neves de , Almeida Thais Bezerra de , Noleto Cassia Alves de Carvalho , Neto Agrinazio Geraldo Nascimento , Araújo Isadora , Takada Jacqueline Aparecida Philipino , Noleto Priscila França Marra , Rocha Luzia Pereira da , Pereira Adelma Martins 
Published: June 2024

Aims: To analyze the main pain complaints among physiotherapy students at UnirG University, in order to understand the triggering factors and develop health promotion strategies that improve the well-being and quality of life of these students.
Study Design: This study consisted of a descriptive field research, with a cross-sectional design and a qualitative-quantitative approach.
Place and Duration of Study: Conducted from March 2024 to April 2024.
Methodology: The sample consisted of 131 of the 202 students enrolled in the undergraduate program from the first to the tenth period, of both sexes, in the Physical Therapy course at the University of Gurupi-TO (UnirG). A questionnaire with 22 questions formulated in an objective and easy-to-understand manner was used. Data collection took place digitally, using Google Forms.
Results: The results highlighted a high prevalence of musculoskeletal pain, especially in the spine, and a significant proportion of students engaged in prolonged sedentary behaviors. In the periods where the students were in supervised clinical internship, such as the ninth and tenth periods, the number of university students complaining of some painful condition presented a higher number, represented with 83.33% equally.
Conclusion: These findings contribute to a better understanding of the challenges faced by physiotherapy students regarding musculoskeletal health and highlight the importance of preventive strategies to promote physical and mental well-being.
Management of Sunflower Necrosis and Sunflower Leaf Curl Diseases by Using Insecticides
Authors: Poornima  , Ghante Vijaykumar N. , Kulakarni Vikas V. , Umesh M.R.  
Published: June 2024

A field experiment on management of Sunflower Necrosis and Sunflower Leaf Curl disease was conducted for three years during rabi season at Main Agricultural Research Station, Raichur. The experiment was planned with seven treatments (six insecticides and one untreated) in three replications for three successive years i.e., rabi 2016-17, 2017-18 and 2018-19. The insecticides used were imidacloprid 17.8 SL, fipronil 5 SC, triazophos 40 EC, diafenthiuron 50 WP, flonicamid 50 WG and spiromesifen 24 SC. For six treatments (T1 to T6) seed treatment was done with imidacloprid 600 FS and for T7 was maintained without seed treatment. Pooled analysis revealed that the treatment T4 :(Seed treatment with imidacloprid 600 FS@ 5ml/kg seed+ foliar spray with Flonicamide 50WG @ 0.25g/l at 30, 45 and 60 DAS recorded the lesser Sunflower necrosis and Sunflower leaf curl incidence of 4.21% and 4.54% respectively with higher yield of 1630 kg/ha, which is followed by the treatment T5 : (Seed treatment with imidacloprid 600FS @ 5ml/kg seed + foliar spray with Diafenthiuron 50 wp @ 1gm/lit at 30, 45 and 60 DAS) recorded Sunflower necrosis and Sunflower leaf curl incidence of 6.34% and 7.06% respectively with higher yield of 1560 kg/ha and both were at par. Both the treatments recorded B:C ratio of 1.76 and 1.59 respectively. Higher incidence of Sunflower necrosis and Sunflower leaf curl 10.70% and 18.46% respectively and lower yield of 968.4 kg/ha was recorded in untreated control.