bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A bayesian network meta‐analysis on comparisons of enamel matrix derivatives, guided tissue regeneration and their combination therapies
Authors: Tu Yu‐Kang , Needleman Ian , Chambrone Leandro , Lu Hsein‐Kun , Faggion Clovis Mariano 
Published: January 2012

AbstractAimsGuided tissue regeneration (GTR) and enamel matrix derivatives (EMD) are two popular regenerative treatments for periodontal infrabony lesions. Both have been used in conjunction with other regenerative materials. We conducted a Bayesian network meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials on treatment effects of GTR, EMD and their combination therapies.Material and MethodsA systematic literature search was conducted using the Medline, EMBASE, LILACS and CENTRAL databases up to and including June 2011. Treatment outcomes were changes in probing pocket depth (PPD), clinical attachment level (CAL) and infrabony defect depth. Different types of bone grafts were treated as one group and so were barrier membranes.ResultsA total of 53 studies were included in this review, and we found small differences between regenerative therapies which were non‐significant statistically and clinically. GTR and GTR‐related combination therapies achieved greater PPD reduction than EMD and EMD‐related combination therapies. Combination therapies achieved slightly greater CAL gain than the use of EMD or GTR alone. GTR with BG achieved greatest defect fill.ConclusionCombination therapies performed better than single therapies, but the additional benefits were small. Bayesian network meta‐analysis is a promising technique to compare multiple treatments. Further analysis of methodological characteristics will be required prior to clinical recommendations.
Langerhans cell sarcoma in a patient with hairy cell leukemia: common clonal origin indicated by identical immunoglobulin gene rearrangements
Authors: Furmanczyk Paul S. , Lisle Allison E. , Caldwell Russell B. , Kraemer Kenneth G. , Mercer Stephen E. , George Evan , Argenyi Zsolt B. 
Published: January 2012

Histiocytic/dendritic cell sarcomas are rare tumors, a few of which have been reported in association with B‐cell lymphoma/leukemia. Isolated reports have documented identical immunoglobulin gene rearrangements suggesting a common clonal origin for both the sarcoma and the B‐cell neoplasm from individual patients. We report a case of a 75‐year‐old male with hairy cell leukemia who subsequently developed Langerhans cell sarcoma 1 year after his primary diagnosis of leukemia. The bone marrow biopsy containing hairy cell leukemia and skin biopsies of Langerhans cell sarcoma were evaluated by routine histology, immunohistochemistry, flow cytometric immunophenotyping and PCR‐based gene rearrangement studies of the immunoglobulin heavy chain and kappa genes. The hairy cell leukemia showed characteristic morphologic, immunohistochemical and flow cytometric features. The Langerhans cell sarcoma showed pleomorphic cytology, a high mitotic rate and characteristic immunohistochemical staining for Langerin, S100 and CD1a. There was no evidence of B‐cell differentiation or a background B‐cell infiltrate based on the absence of immunoreactivity with antibodies to multiple B‐cell markers. Identical immunoglobulin gene rearrangements were identified in both the hairy cell leukemia and Langerhans cell sarcoma specimens. Despite the phenotypic dissimilarity of the two neoplasms, identical immunoglobulin gene rearrangements indicate a common origin.Furmanczyk PS, Lisle AE, Caldwell RB, Kraemer KG, Mercer SE, George E, Argenyi ZB. Langerhans cell sarcoma in a patient with hairy cell leukemia: common clonal origin indicated by identical immunoglobulin gene rearrangements.
The effect of osteoporosis on residual ridge resorption and masticatory performance in denture wearers
Authors: Singhal Shelly , Chand Pooran , Singh Balendra Pratap , Singh Saumyendra Vikram , Rao Jitendra , Shankar Rama , Kumar Santosh 
Published: January 2012

doi: 10.1111/j.1741‐2358.2011.00610.xThe effect of osteoporosis on residual ridge resorption and masticatory performance in denture wearersAim:  To compare masticatory performance, masticatory efficiency and residual ridge resorption (RRR) in osteoporotic and non‐osteoporotic edentulous subjects after rehabilitation with complete dentures.Method:  Thirty subjects fulfilling the inclusion criteria were enrolled from the patients visiting the Department of Prosthodontics for complete denture fabrication. Two groups consisting of control subjects (group I; N = 15) and osteoporotic subjects (group II; N = 15) were formed. Complete dentures satisfying certain criteria were fabricated for both groups. Masticatory performance and efficiency were measured 6 months after denture insertion. Areal measurements were taken on lateral cephalograms before and 6 months after denture fabrication. The data were then computed to analyse differences between groups I and II using SPSS statistical software version 15.0.Results:  Six months after denture fabrication, the masticatory performance and efficiency were significantly higher (p < 0.001) for group I, with a significant decrease in maxillary and mandibular sagittal area seen in both groups. The rate of bone loss was more in group II compared with group I.Conclusion:  Greater masticatory function was demonstrated by the non‐osteoporotic group, and the rate of RRR was more in the osteoporotic group compared with the normal group. In this pilot study, osteoporosis leads to greater RRR, decreased masticatory performance and efficiency in edentulous subjects 6 months after denture insertion. Screening for osteoporosis is suggested as a routine procedure for all edentulous subjects undergoing rehabilitation. Recall check‐ups for osteoporotic patients should be more frequent, and these patients may require more frequent denture remakes.
The Relevancy of Community‐Based Methods: Using Diet within Native American and Alaska Native Adult Populations as an Example
Authors: Fialkowski Marie K. , Okoror Titilayo A. , Boushey Carol J. 
Published: January 2012

AbstractThe rates of obesity, diabetes, and heart disease in Native Americans and Alaska Natives far exceed that of the general US population. There are many postulating reasons for these excessive rates including the transition from a traditional to a contemporary diet. Although information on the dietary intakes of Native American and Alaska Native communities are limited, there seems to be a consensus that the Native American and Alaska Native diet is high in total fat, saturated fat, cholesterol, and sodium. Further information on the diet needs to be attained so that dietary interventions can effectively be implemented in these communities. An approach that is community based is proposed as the best solution to understanding the Native diet and developing culturally tailored interventions to sustainably improve diet. Clin Trans Sci 2012; Volume 5: 295–300
A legal analysis of the effects of the Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS2) and Clean Air Act on the commercialization of biobutanol as a transportation fuel in the United States
Authors: Slating Timothy A. , Kesan Jay P. 
Published: January 2012

AbstractBiobutanol is currently a hot topic within discussions about second‐generation biofuels. Its advocates point to the fact that it possesses a higher energy content than traditional bioethanol and, most importantly, that it is compatible with existing fuel distribution infrastructure. While traditional biobutanol production processes have long since suffered from an inability to produce it in an economically viable manner, several recent technological advances have spurred interest from the private sector and several companies are now actively pursuing the commercialization of biobutanol as a transportation fuel. As such, a legal analysis of the regulatory frameworks affecting this commercialization is highly relevant. In this study, we detail and analyze the two most import regulatory frameworks affecting the successful commercialization of biobutanol as a transportation fuel in the United States. First, we provide a thorough description of the US Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS2) and analyze its impact on biobutanol commercialization efforts. Next, we address the US Clean Air Act's so‐called ‘substantially similar’ prohibition and detail the three distinct regulatory paths it creates for biobutanol commercialization. Finally, we conclude by exploring ways in which these regulatory frameworks could be altered to mitigate unjustified regulatory burdens. While our study focuses on the commercialization of biobutanol, its regulatory descriptions and analysis are equally informative in regards to the commercialization of other alcohol‐based biofuels.
Association of Postprandial Serum Triglyceride Concentration and Serum Canine Pancreatic Lipase Immunoreactivity in Overweight and Obese Dogs
Authors: Verkest K.R. , Fleeman L.M. , Morton J.M. , Groen S.J. , Suchodolski J.S. , Steiner J.M. , Rand J.S. 
Published: January 2012

BackgroundHypertriglyceridemia has been proposed to contribute to the risk of developing pancreatitis in dogs.ObjectivesTo determine associations between postprandial serum triglyceride concentrations and canine pancreatic lipase immunoreactivity (cPLI) concentrations or pancreatic disease.AnimalsThirty‐five client‐owned overweight (n = 25) or obese (n = 10) dogs weighing >10 kg.MethodsHealthy dogs were prospectively recruited for a cross‐sectional study. Serum triglyceride concentrations were measured before and hourly for 12 hours after a meal. Fasting cPLI and canine trypsin‐like immunoreactivity (cTLI) concentrations were assayed. Cut‐off values for hypertriglyceridemia were set a priori for fasting (≥88, ≥177, ≥354, ≥885 mg/dL) and peak postprandial (≥133, ≥442, ≥885 mg/dL) triglyceride concentrations. The association between hypertriglyceridemia and high cPLI concentrations was assessed by exact logistic regression. Follow‐up was performed 4 years later to determine the incidence of pancreatic disease.ResultsEight dogs had peak postprandial triglycerides >442 mg/dL and 3 dogs had fasting serum cPLI concentrations ≥400 μg/L. Odds of high cPLI concentrations were 16.7 times higher in dogs with peak postprandial triglyceride concentrations ≥442 mg/dL relative to other dogs (P < .001). Fasting triglyceride concentration was not significantly associated with cPLI concentrations. None of the dogs with high triglyceride concentrations and one of the dogs with low fasting and peak postprandial triglyceride concentrations developed clinically important pancreatic disease.Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceOverweight and obese dogs with peak serum postprandial triglyceride concentrations ≥442 mg/dL after a standard meal are more likely to have serum cPLI concentrations ≥400 μg/L, but did not develop clinically important pancreatic disease.
Clinicopathologic Features of Intracranial Central Neurocytomas in 2 Dogs
Authors: Rossmeisl J.H. , Piñeyro P. , Sponenberg D.P. , Garman R.H. , Jortner B.S. 
Published: January 2012

BackgroundIn humans, central neurocytomas are rare and typically benign intracranial tumors found within the lateral ventricles, although extraventricular variants have been reported. Intracranial central neurocytomas have not been previously recognized in domestic animals.ObjectivesTo describe the clinicopathologic features of canine intracranial central neurocytomas.AnimalsTwo dogs with spontaneous intracranial and intraventricular neoplasms.ResultsBoth dogs experienced seizures, rapid neurological deterioration, and death from tumor‐associated complications within 5 days of the onset of clinical signs, and had neoplastic masses within the lateral ventricles. A brain MRI was performed in 1 dog, which revealed a T1‐isointense, heterogeneously T2 and FLAIR hyperintense, and markedly and heterogeneously contrast‐enhancing mass lesions within both lateral ventricles. Histologically, the neoplasms resembled oligodendrogliomas. The diagnosis of central neurocytoma was supported by documenting expression of multiple neuronal markers, including neuron‐specific enolase, synaptophysin, neural‐cell adhesion molecule, and neuronal nuclear antigen within the tumors, and ultrastructural evidence of neuronal differentiation of neoplastic cells.Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceCentral neurocytoma should be a differential diagnosis for dogs with intraventricular brain masses. Morphologic differentiation of central neurocytoma from other intraventricular neoplasms, such as ependymoma or oligdendroglioma, can be difficult, and definitive diagnosis often requires immunohistochemical or ultrastructural confirmation of the neural origin of the neoplasm.
Dissemination of the Fosfomycin Resistance Gene
fosA3
with CTX-M β-Lactamase Genes and
rmtB
Carried on IncFII Plasmids among Escherichia coli Isolates from Pets in China
Authors: Hou Jianxia , Huang Xianhui , Deng Yuting , He Liangying , Yang Tong , Zeng Zhenling , Chen Zhangliu , Liu Jian-Hua 
Published: January 2012

ABSTRACT

The presence and characterization of plasmid-mediated fosfomycin resistance determinants among
Escherichia coli
isolates collected from pets in China between 2006 and 2010 were investigated. Twenty-nine isolates (9.0%) were positive for
fosA3
, and all of them were CTX-M producers. The
fosA3
genes were flanked by IS
26
and were localized on F2:A−:B− plasmids or on very similar F33:A−:B− plasmids carrying both
bla
CTX-M-65
and
rmtB
. These findings indicate that the
fosA3
gene may be coselected by antimicrobials other than fosfomycin.
Determinants of Quinolone versus Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole Use for Outpatient Urinary Tract Infection
Authors: Stuck Anna K. , Täuber Martin G. , Schabel Maria , Lehmann Thomas , Suter Herbert , Mühlemann Kathrin 
Published: January 2012

ABSTRACT

Quinolones are increasingly favored over trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX) for empirical treatment of uncomplicated urinary tract infection (UTI). This is associated with increasing resistance toward this broad-spectrum group of antibiotics. Our objective is to describe the prescribing patterns and identify determinants of the choice between TMP-SMX and quinolones for outpatient UTI treatment in Switzerland. An ongoing national Sentinel surveillance system was used to study 11,799 antibiotic prescriptions for UTI in adult outpatients and associated physician and patient factors between 2006 and 2008, to compare the prescription of quinolones versus that of TMP-SMX for treatment of UTI. Most UTI episodes were diagnosed as cystitis (90%). TMP-SMX was prescribed for one-fifth (22%) of UTIs. Independent predictors for prescribing quinolones were pyelonephritis and physicians with low thresholds for prescribing antibiotics for upper respiratory tract infections (“high prescribers”), whereas female patients were more likely to receive TMP-SMX. High-prescribing physicians also more often cared for patients who themselves favor antibiotic treatment (
P
< 0.001). Quinolones are commonly prescribed to outpatients with UTI. Nonclinical factors influence the choice of quinolones versus TMP-SMX, which may provide opportunities for interventions to improve prescribing patterns and control quinolone resistance.
First National Survey of Antibiotic Susceptibility of the Bacteroides fragilis Group: Emerging Resistance to Carbapenems in Argentina
Authors: Fernández-Canigia Liliana , Litterio Mirta , Legaria María C. , Castello Liliana , Predari Silvia C. , Di Martino Ana , Rossetti Adelaida , Rollet Raquel , Carloni Graciela , Bianchini Hebe , Cejas Daniela , Radice Marcela , Gutkind Gabriel ,   the Anaerobe Surveillance Team
Published: January 2012

ABSTRACT

The antibiotic susceptibility rates of 363 clinical
Bacteroides fragilis
group isolates collected from 17 centers in Argentina during the period from 2006 to 2009 were as follows: piperacillin-tazobactam, 99%; ampicillin-sulbactam, 92%; cefoxitin, 72%; tigecycline, 100%; moxifloxacin, 91%; and clindamycin, 52%. No metronidazole resistance was detected in these isolates during this time period. Resistance to imipenem, doripenem, and ertapenem was observed in 1.1%, 1.6%, and 2.3% of
B. fragilis
group strains, respectively.
B. fragilis
species showed a resistance profile of 1.5% to imipenem, 1.9% to doripenem, and 2.4% to ertapenem. This is the first report of carbapenem resistance in Argentina. The
cfiA
gene was present in 8 out of 23 isolates, all of them belonging to the
B. fragilis
species and displaying reduced susceptibility or resistance to carbapenems (MICs ≥ 4 μg/ml). Three out of eight
cfiA
-positive isolates were fully resistant to carbapenems, while 5 out of 8 isolates showed low-level resistance (MICs, 4 to 8 μg/ml). The inhibition by EDTA was a good predictor of the presence of metallo-β-lactamases in the fully resistant
B. fragilis
strains, but discrepant results were observed for low-level resistant isolates.
B. fragilis
was more susceptible to antimicrobial agents than other
Bacteroides
species.
Bacteroides vulgatus
species was the most resistant to ampicillin-sulbactam and piperacillin-tazobactam, and
B. thetaiotaomicron/ovatus
strains showed the highest level of resistance to carbapenems, with an unknown resistance mechanism.
B. vulgatus
and the uncommon non-
Bacteroides fragilis
species were the most resistant to moxifloxacin, showing an overall resistance rate of 15.1%.
Temporal Interplay between Efflux Pumps and Target Mutations in Development of Antibiotic Resistance in Escherichia coli
Authors: Singh Renu , Swick Michelle C. , Ledesma Kimberly R. , Yang Zhen , Hu Ming , Zechiedrich Lynn , Tam Vincent H. 
Published: January 2012

ABSTRACT

The emergence of resistance presents a debilitating change in the management of infectious diseases. Currently, the temporal relationship and interplay between various mechanisms of drug resistance are not well understood. A thorough understanding of the resistance development process is needed to facilitate rational design of countermeasure strategies. Using an
in vitro
hollow-fiber infection model that simulates human drug treatment, we examined the appearance of efflux pump (
acrAB
) overexpression and target topoisomerase gene (
gyrA
and
parC
) mutations over time in the emergence of quinolone resistance in
Escherichia coli
. Drug-resistant isolates recovered early (24 h) had 2- to 8-fold elevation in the MIC due to
acrAB
overexpression, but no point mutations were noted. In contrast, high-level (≥64× MIC) resistant isolates with target site mutations (
gyrA
S83L with or without
parC
E84K) were selected more readily after 120 h, and regression of
acrAB
overexpression was observed at 240 h. Using a similar dosing selection pressure, the emergence of levofloxacin resistance was delayed in a strain with
acrAB
deleted compared to the isogenic parent. The role of efflux pumps in bacterial resistance development may have been underappreciated. Our data revealed the interplay between two mechanisms of quinolone resistance and provided a new mechanistic framework in the development of high-level resistance. Early low-level levofloxacin resistance conferred by
acrAB
overexpression preceded and facilitated high-level resistance development mediated by target site mutation(s). If this interpretation is correct, then these findings represent a paradigm shift in the way quinolone resistance is thought to develop.
Systemic hemodynamic function in humans with type 1 diabetes treated with protein kinase Cβ inhibition and renin–angiotensin system blockade: a pilot study
Authors: Cherney David Z.I. , Reich Heather N. , Scholey James W. , Lai Vesta , Slorach Cameron , Zinman Bernard , Bradley Timothy J. 
Published: January 2012

The protein kinase Cβ (PKCβ) system has been implicated in the deleterious vascular responses to hyperglycemia and angiotensin II (Ang II) in experimental models of diabetes (DM). Whether these interactions are important in humans is unknown. Flow-mediated vasodilatation (FMD) was measured during clamped euglycemia and hyperglycemia, before and after randomization to PKCβ inhibition (ruboxistaurin; RBX, 32 mg daily, n = 13) or a placebo (n = 7) for 8 weeks in renin–angiotensin system (RAS) blockade-treated subjects with type 1 DM. Blood pressure responses to infused Ang II were measured before and after randomization to RBX or a placebo. The RBX and placebo groups displayed similar clinical characteristics. Before RBX, FMD declined in response to hyperglycemia (6.8% ± 2.8% to 4.9% ± 1.8%). This effect was reversed after treatment with RBX (5.6% ± 3.1% to 6.0% ± 1.6% (within-group change, p = 0.009 (ANOVA)). No changes were observed in the placebo group. Infused Ang II was associated with hypertensive responses in the RBX and placebo groups (p < 0.05 (ANOVA)), and RBX did not influence this effect. In conclusion, RBX blunted the effect of hyperglycemia on FMD, suggesting that PKCβ may modulate endothelial function in type 1 DM. The lack of effect on Ang II responses suggests that PKCβ inhibition may act through non-RAS pathways in humans with DM.
Low efficiency of functional translation of ouabain-resistant α2-Na+,K+-ATPase mRNA in C7-MDCK epithelial cells
Authors: Akimova Olga A. , Van Huysse James , Tremblay Johanne , Orlov Sergei N. 
Published: January 2012

Na+,K+-ATPase is a heterodimer consisting of catalytic α1–α4 and regulatory β1–β3 subunits. Recently, we reported that transfection with ouabain-resistant α1R-Na+,K+-ATPase rescues renal epithelial C7-MDCK cells exclusively expressing the ouabain-sensitive α1S-isoform from the cytotoxic action of ouabain. To explore the role of α2 subunit in ion transport and cytotoxic action of ouabain, we compared the effect of ouabain on K+(86Rb) influx and the survival of ouabain-treated C7-MDCK cells stably transfected with α1R- and α2R-Na+,K+-ATPase. α2R mRNA in transfected cells was ∼8-fold more abundant than α1R mRNA, whereas immunoreactive α2R protein content was 5-fold lower than endogenous α1S protein. A concentration of 10 µmol/L ouabain led to complete inhibition of86Rb influx both in mock- and α2R-transfected cells, whereas maximal inhibition of86Rb influx in α1R-transfectd cells was observed at 1000 µmol/L ouabain. In contrast to the massive death of mock- and α2R-transfected cells exposed to 3 µmol/L ouabain , α1R-cells survived after 24 h incubation with 1000 µmol/L ouabain. Thus, our results show that unlike α1R, the presence of α2R-Na+,K+-ATPase subunit mRNA and immunoreactive protein does not contribute to Na+/K+pump activity, and does not rescue C7-MDCK cells from the cytotoxic action of ouabain. Our results also suggest that the lack of impact of transfected α2-Na+,K+-ATPase on Na+/K+pump activity and cell survival can be attributed to the low efficiency of its translation and (or) delivery to the plasma membrane of renal epithelial cells.