bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dynamic Heat Transfer Characteristics Modeling of Microencapsulated Phase Change Material Slurries
Authors: Chen Z. , Shan F. , Fang G.‐Y. 
Published: March 2012

AbstractConvective heat transfer characteristics of microencapsulated phase change material slurries (MPCSs) flowing in a circular tube under constant heat flux are studied and a feasible heat transfer model is presented. The heat transfer coefficient of MPCS and the wall temperature of the circular tube are simulated. The simulation results agree qualitatively with the experimental results. The effects of Stefan (Ste) number, mass concentration, phase change temperature range, and Reynolds (Re) number on heat transfer characteristics are discussed. The results indicate that the Ste‐number and mass fraction are the most important parameters influencing heat transfer properties compared to the phase change temperature range and Re‐number which less affect these characteristics.
Construction of lattice‐Boltzmann schemes for non‐Newtonian and two‐phase flows
Authors: Vikhansky A. 
Published: March 2012

AbstractIn the present study we consider a general algebraically tractable approach to the construction of lattice‐Boltzmann (LB) schemes for the simulation of non‐Newtonian and two‐phase flows. The chain of moment equations is truncated at a level corresponding to the rheology of the liquid, and is closed by a Chapman–Enskog procedure. The collision term of the LB method is linked to the second moment of the velocity distribution via the constitutive equation of the liquid. The resulting nonlinear algebraic equation can be efficiently solved for an arbitrary rheological law. The algorithm can be extended to a two‐phase system.
The influence of Büttiker probe scattering to the port behavior of nanoscale metal–oxide–semiconductor devices
Authors: Xiong Jian , Wang Gen , Mathis Wolfgang 
Published: March 2012

SUMMARYThis paper presents a discussion of the impact of Büttiker probe scattering on the port behavior of nanoscaled metal–oxide–semiconductor devices. The simulation of the carrier transport property is based on the nonequilibrium Green's function formalisms, and scattering effects are implemented in the model through Büttiker probes. For reducing the computational burden, a simplified model for modeling the scattering effects with only one Büttiker probe is proposed and gives reasonable results for studying the port behaviors of nanoscaled metal–oxide–semiconductor devices. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Remote Plasma‐Assisted CVD Growth of Carbon Nanotubes in an Optimised Rapid Thermal Reactor
Authors: Peltekis Nikos , Mausser Marcel , Kumar Shishir , McEvoy Niall , Murray Chris , Duesberg Georg S. 
Published: March 2012

AbstractThe advances in the use of a remote plasma in combination with a rapid radiative reactor in plasma‐enhanced (PE) CVD is presented here. The characteristics and parameters of this system are fully analyzed and compared with conventional CVD growth methods. Growth of multi‐ and single‐walled carbon nanotubes (CNTs) at low temperatures with high quality and reproducibility has been achieved in this way. Further, a new catalytic system, which gives dense multi‐wall CNTs on metal substrates, is presented.
Performance evaluation of selected Transmission Control Protocol variants over a digital video broadcasting‐second generation broadband satellite multimedia system with QoS
Authors: Rendon‐Morales Elizabeth , Mata‐Díaz Jorge , Alins Juanjo , Muñoz Jose L. , Esparza Oscar 
Published: March 2012

SUMMARYThis paper presents an analysis of several Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) variants working over a digital video broadcasting‐second generation (DVB‐S2) satellite link with the support of the Differentiated Services (DiffServ) architecture to provide quality of service (QoS). This analysis is carried out using the NS‐2 simulator tool. Three TCP variants are considered: SACK TCP, Hybla TCP, and CUBIC TCP. These TCP variants are taken as a starting point because they have proven to be the most suitable variants to deal with long delays present in satellite links. The DVB‐S2 link also introduces the challenge of dealing with variable bandwidth, whereas the DiffServ architecture introduces the challenge of dealing with different priorities. In this paper, we propose a DiffServ model that includes a modified queuing mechanism to enhance the goodput of the assured forwarding traffic class. This modified DiffServ model is simulated and tested, considering the interaction of the selected TCP variants. In addition, we present evaluation metrics, significant simulations results, and conclusions about the performance of these TCP variants evaluated over the proposed scenario. As a general conclusion, we show that CUBIC TCP is the TCP variant that shows the best performance in terms of goodput, latency, and friendliness. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Heck–Matsuda Reaction for Allylic Nitro Compounds: A Short Asymmetric Synthesis of an FTY720 Derivative
Authors: Nakano Toshiki , Miyahara Mizuki , Itoh Toshiyuki , Kamimura Akio 
Published: March 2012

AbstractThe Heck–Matsuda reaction for allylic nitro compounds effectively afforded cinnamyl nitro compounds in good yields. Aryldiazonium salts that have an electron‐donating substituent underwent a smooth reaction in the presence of Pd2dba3. A palladium complex that coordinated with an electron‐rich ligand was necessary for the reaction to progress with electron‐deficient aryldiazonium salts. An optically active allylic nitro compound underwent reaction without the loss of optical purity at the stereogenic center. A short synthesis of an optically active FTY720 derivative was achieved by this method.
Sensitivity analysis on parameters and processes affecting vapor intrusion risk
Authors: Picone Sara , Valstar Johan , van Gaans Pauline , Grotenhuis Tim , Rijnaarts Huub 
Published: March 2012

Abstract
A one-dimensional numerical model was developed and used to identify the key processes controlling vapor intrusion risks by means of a sensitivity analysis. The model simulates the fate of a dissolved volatile organic compound present below the ventilated crawl space of a house. In contrast to the vast majority of previous studies, this model accounts for vertical variation of soil water saturation and includes aerobic biodegradation. The attenuation factor (ratio between concentration in the crawl space and source concentration) and the characteristic time to approach maximum concentrations were calculated and compared for a variety of scenarios. These concepts allow an understanding of controlling mechanisms and aid in the identification of critical parameters to be collected for field situations. The relative distance of the source to the nearest gas-filled pores of the unsaturated zone is the most critical parameter because diffusive contaminant transport is significantly slower in water-filled pores than in gas-filled pores. Therefore, attenuation factors decrease and characteristic times increase with increasing relative distance of the contaminant dissolved source to the nearest gas diffusion front. Aerobic biodegradation may decrease the attenuation factor by up to three orders of magnitude. Moreover, the occurrence of water table oscillations is of importance. Dynamic processes leading to a retreating water table increase the attenuation factor by two orders of magnitude because of the enhanced gas phase diffusion. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2012; 31: 1042–1052. © 2012 SETAC
Dynamics of suspended sediment delivery to the Eastern Mediterranean continental shelf
Authors: Vachtman Dina , Sandler Amir , Greenbaum Noam , Herut Barak 
Published: March 2012

AbstractThis study provides data on the fluvial sediment transport at the Eastern Mediterranean, an area in which the regional importance for comparative study has often been raised by investigators but the data are rather scarce. We analysed long‐ and short‐term hydrologic and sedimentological data from one of the largest coastal streams of Israel, Qishon River (1100 km2), and its estuarine environment. The results indicate that during 65 years (1944–2009), a total 140 floods have contributed to the sea an amount of approximately 2.58 × 106 tons of sediment. During this period, (i) the number of floods with a return period of more than 10 years has almost doubled during the last 30 years, and (ii) the mean annual discharge during last 10 years increased by approximately 175%. The analysis of the short (2 years) hydrological and sediment data revealed that approximately 30% of the upstream channel loads do not reach the river mouth and are deposited along the channel bed, even during major flood events. This observation was attributed largely to the facts that the lower river bed is incised below sea level, to the very low slopes and to the correspondingly low stream power and transport capacity. The results of this study highlight the effect of interchannel dynamics as well as the constraints of interaction between fluvial system and estuarine processes on sediment transport. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
GROUNDWATER IN IRRIGATION SYSTEMS: FROM MENACE TO MAINSTAY
Authors: Bouarfa Sami , Kuper Marcel 
Published: March 2012

ABSTRACTIrrigation systems have changed significantly in the last 50 years. Originally supplied by surface water, its farming systems depend increasingly on the massive use of groundwater through private tubewells. Withdrawals are currently leading to a general decrease in groundwater table levels which in the past caused waterlogging due to excess surface irrigation. This new context calls for the repositioning of the paradigm of the twin menace of waterlogging and salinity in which the International Commission on Irrigation and Drainage (ICID) community defined its concepts. It also requires taking into consideration existing groundwater institutions, often informal and developed locally, more rarely legally recognized processes when moving towards groundwater governance. We present an analytical framework showing the role of these institutions in groundwater governance. This special issue contains a selection of papers presented at the 24th European Regional Conference of ICID in March 2011, organized by its French National Committee, AFEID. The selected contributions focus on critical analysis of formal and informal institutions at the local scale dealing with groundwater access, restoring the groundwater balance and water quality protection. We argue that these analyses can help building a more process‐oriented approach to policy and engineering, contributing to new modes of groundwater governance. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A high tender point count is associated with the presence of multiple idiopathic pain disorders: Results from a population study
Authors: Aggarwal V.R. , Macfarlane G.J. , McBeth J. 
Published: March 2012

AbstractBackground/aimsTo test whether mechanical hyperalgesia is associated with multiple idiopathic pain disorders (IPDs) and whether this relationship is independent of the confounding effects of psychosocial factors.MethodsOne hundred eighteen subjects with chronic orofacial pain (COFP) were identified from their questionnaire responses to a population study in North West England. All subjects had a tender point examination according to the American College of Rheumatology classification. Validated tools on the questionnaire were used to identify presence of other IPDs (irritable bowel syndrome and chronic widespread pain) and psychosocial factors (anxiety, depression, health anxiety, sleep disturbance and reporting of somatic symptoms and adverse life events).ResultsOf the 118 subjects, 47.6% (n = 56) had COFP, 34.7% (n = 41) had COFP plus one IPD and 17.8% (n = 21) had all three IPDs. Univariate analysis revealed a dose‐response relationship between number of tender points (TPs) and number of IPDs [2–6 TPs (OR 2.6, 95% CI 1.0–7.3), ≥7 TPs (OR 10.5, 95% CI 3.8–29.3)] and number of IPDs and psychological distress [anxiety (OR 2.8, 95% CI 1.2–6.4), depression (OR 4.3, 95% CI 1.7–10.6), sleep disturbance (OR 4.8, 95% CI 1.6–14.6)]. The relationship between IPDs and TPs persisted after adjusting for psychosocial factors in multivariate analyses [2–6 TPs (OR 2.5, 95% CI 0.8–7.8) ≥7 TPs (OR 10.7, 95% CI 3.4–33.7)].ConclusionThe dose‐response relationship between TPs and IPDs needs further investigation to determine the temporal nature of these relationships and to disentangle the complex gene–environment relationships that may influence the occurrence of multiple IPDs.
The Benefits and Challenges of Culturally Responsive EFL Critical Literature Circles
Authors: Fredricks Lori 
Published: March 2012

AbstractThough some research has shown what applying a culturally relevant framework entails in an American context, and occasionally in an EFL setting, there is still too little research on how students respond to critical, culturally responsive pedagogy. More insight is needed into the specific challenges and benefits of critical approaches in diverse settings. As Tajikistani students are relatively new to a critical framework, they were introduced to a pluralistic way of analyzing texts through critical literature circles, allowing them to select readings and manage the direction of discussions. The study explored students’ reading experiences, habits, and attitudes. While these experiences were motivating, articulating personal and cultural associations with texts occasionally posed difficulties and revealed prejudices. Members became more confident readers and discovered life lessons in texts but struggled with emotionally charged issues such as discrimination and war. The article provides a detailed picture of participants’ challenges and experiences meant to inform other practitioners.
Reorganization of the DNA–nuclear matrix interactions in a 210 kb genomic region centered on c‐myc after DNA replication in vivo
Authors: Castillo‐Mora Rebeca C. , Aranda‐Anzaldo Armando 
Published: March 2012

AbstractIn the interphase nucleus of metazoan cells DNA is organized in supercoiled loops anchored to a nuclear matrix (NM). DNA loops are operationally classified in structural and facultative. Varied evidence indicates that DNA replication occurs in replication foci organized upon the NM and that structural DNA loops may correspond to the replicons in vivo. In normal rat liver the hepatocytes are arrested in G0 but synchronously re‐enter the cell cycle after partial‐hepatectomy leading to liver regeneration. Using this model we have previously determined that the DNA loops corresponding to a gene‐rich genomic region move in a sequential fashion towards the NM during replication and then return to their original configuration in newly quiescent cells, once liver regeneration has been achieved. In the present work we determined the organization into structural DNA loops of a gene‐poor region centered on c‐myc and tracked‐down its movement at the peak of S phase and after the return to cellular quiescence during and after liver regeneration. The results confirmed that looped DNA moves towards the NM during replication but in this case the configuration of the gene‐poor region into DNA loops becomes reorganized and after replication only the loop containing c‐myc resembles the original in the control G0 hepatocytes. Our results suggest that the local chromatin configuration around potentially active genes constraints the formation of specific structural DNA loops after DNA replication, while in non‐coding regions the structural DNA loops are only loosely determined after DNA replication by structural constraints that modulate the DNA–NM interactions. J. Cell. Biochem. 113: 2451–2463, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Octanuclear Cu(I)‐dithiophosphates: An Efficient Catalyst System for N‐Arylation of Azoles, Amines, and Amides
Authors: Wu Cheng‐Chieh , Lee Bo‐Han , Liao Ping‐Kuei , Fang Ching‐Shiang , Liu C. W. 
Published: March 2012

AbstractThe formation of a C‐N bond via the cross‐couplings of aryl iodides with azoles, aryl amine, and amides can be successfully achieved in decent yield by the utilization of both [Cu 8(H){S2P(OiPr)2}6]+ and [Cu8{S2P(OEt)2}6]2+ as the pre‐catalysts.
The high‐mobility group A1‐estrogen receptor β nuclear interaction is impaired in human testicular seminomas
Authors: Esposito Francesco , Boscia Francesca , Gigantino Vincenzo , Tornincasa Mara , Fusco Alfredo , Franco Renato , Chieffi Paolo 
Published: March 2012

AbstractIt is well established that estrogens participate in the control of normal spermatogenesis and endogenous or environmental estrogens are involved in pathological germ cell proliferation including testicular germ cell tumors. The effects of estrogen are now known to be mediated by estrogen receptor‐α (ERα) and ERβ subtypes, but only ERβ has been found in human germ cells of normal testis. However, its expression was markedly diminished in human testicular seminomas. The expression and the possible interaction of ERβ and HMGA1 were studied in normal germ cells and in human testicular seminomas. GC1 and TCam‐2 germ cell lines, were used; in addition, a tissue micro‐array (TMA) was built using the most representative areas from 35 cases of human testicular seminomas. The expression and the interaction of ERβ and HMGA1 were observed by using immunoprecipitation and Western blot analyses in combination with immunocytochemistry and immunofluorescence analyses. Here, we show that ERβ interacts with HMGA1 in normal germ cells, while down regulation of ERβ associates with transcriptional co‐regulator HMGA1 over‐expression and cytoplasmic localization both in human testicular seminomas and in TCam‐2 cell line. In addition, we show that 17β‐oestradiol induces an HMGA1 increased cytoplasmic expression associated to an ERβ down‐regulation in TCam‐2 cell line. Taken together, our results suggest that exposure to estrogens or estrogen‐mimics, in some as of yet undefined manner, diminishes the ERβ‐mediated growth restraint in human testicular seminoma, probably due to the HMGA1 cytoplasmic delocalization associated with ERβ down‐regulation. J. Cell. Physiol. 227: 3749–3755, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Abstracts of the 20th International Isotope Society (UK group) Symposium: Synthesis & Applications of Labelled Compounds 2011
Authors: Aigbirhio F. , Appleyard M. V. C. L. , Arrowsmith R. L. , Baldwin S. A. , Bayrakdarian M. , Botting N. P. , Cantin L. D. , Carbery D. R. , Carroll M. A. , Dixon L. I. , Dorff P. N. , Ellames G. , Elmore C. S. , Fishwick C. W. G. , Foot O. , Geach N. J. , Gowdy J. , Grainger R. S. , Gregson T. , Harker W. R. R. , Henderson P. J. F. , Heys J. R. , Homans S. W. , Hu Z. , Jackson S. , Johnston J. , Johnson P. , Kalverda A. , Kay C. , Kitson S. L. , Lanoue B. , Levitt M. H. , Li Y. , Lockley W. J. S. , Luo X , Ma P. , Middleton D. A. , Newsome J. , Pandya B. , Pascu S. I. , Patching S. G. , Phillips‐Jones M. K. , Powell M. E. , Riss P. , Simmons J. , Simpson T. M. , Smith A. D. , Thompson A. M. , Trembleau L. , Turtle R. , Watters K. W. , Zhang Q. 
Published: March 2012

Meeting SummaryThe 20th annual symposium of the International Isotope Society's United Kingdom Group took place at the Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK on Tuesday 18 October 2011. The meeting was attended by around 70 delegates from academia and industry, the life sciences, chemical, radiochemical and scientific instrument suppliers.Delegates were welcomed by Dr Ken Lawrie (GlaxoSmithKline, UK, chair of the IIS UK group). The subsequent scientific programme consisted of oral and poster presentations on isotopic chemistry and applications of labelled compounds or of chemistry with potential implications for isotopic synthesis. Both short‐lived and long‐lived isotopes were represented, as were stable isotopes. The symposium programme was divided into a morning session chaired by Prof. Chris Willis (University of Bristol, UK) and afternoon sessions chaired by Mr Mike Chappelle (Quotient Biosciences, UK) and by Dr Nick Bushby (AstraZeneca, UK). The UK meeting concluded with remarks from Dr Ken Lawrie (GlaxoSmithKline, Stevenage, UK).
Interannual variability of moisture source over southern Indian Ocean during boreal summer and its relationship with local SST
Authors: Qiao Yunting , Wu Renguang , Huang Wei , Jian Maoqiu 
Published: March 2012

AbstractIn boreal summer, the southern Indian Ocean (SIO) features more evaporation than precipitation and thus it is a moisture source region for the Asian summer monsoon rainfall. In the present study, the interannual variability of moisture source over the SIO is analysed for boreal summer during 1979‐2008. The impacts of local sea surface temperature (SST) and the El Niño‐Southern Oscillation (ENSO) on the moisture source are compared and the possible mechanisms for the SST influence on the moisture source are investigated. The leading mode of the interannual variation of apparent moisture sink (<Q2>) over the SIO displays an obvious out‐of‐phase relationship over the western‐central SIO and the region to the northwest‐north of Australia. The interannual variations of < Q2> over the above two regions have significant positive correlation with local SST. An increase in local SST enhances convection and ascent, leading to more precipitation. Over the western‐central SIO, surface winds weaken corresponding to higher SST in the western‐central SIO and lower SST to the northwest‐north of Australia, leading to less oceanic evaporation. Thus, the variation of the moisture source over the western‐central SIO is contributed by both precipitation and evaporation. However, the variation of the moisture source to the northwest‐north of Australia is contributed mainly by precipitation. ENSO amplifies anomalous moisture source induced by local SST anomalies. ENSO and local SST work cooperatively to influence the moisture source over the SIO. Copyright © 2012 Royal Meteorological Society
Critical role of hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemoperfusion in the treatment of a patient with Pseudomyxoma peritonei
Authors: Cole Karin L. , Choudry Haroon A. , Jones Heather L. , Goodell Pamela P. , Bartlett David L. 
Published: March 2012

AbstractThe role of hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemoperfusion (HIPEC) in the treatment of Pseudomyxoma peritonei is debated by clinicians. We report the case of a patient who had multiple episodes of short‐interval disease recurrence following debulking surgery, and only achieved long‐term remission with the addition of HIPEC. A review of the relevant literature is presented. J. Surg. Oncol. 2012; 106:513–516. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.