bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influences of dietary inflammatory index in the second trimester of pregnancy on birth weight discordance and postpartum complications in twin pregnancies
Authors: Zheng Jie , Huang Yue , Cheng Mi , Wu Yingfang , Liu Lei , Chen Qiaozhu 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Objective: To explore the correlations among dietary inflammatory index (DII) in the second trimester of pregnancy, occurrence of birth weight discordance (BWD), and postpartum complications in twin pregnancies.
Methods: Pregnant women who received prenatal screening at Guangzhou Women and Children Medical Center (Guangzhou, China) were enrolled. A questionnaire survey was conducted to collect data from pregnant women, including baseline information, childbearing history, dietary intake, and situation of the current pregnancy. Serum levels of inflammatory factors (C-reactive protein (CRP), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-10 (IL-10), and interleukin-lβ (IL-lβ)) were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). DII in the second trimester was calculated based on dietary intake data. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted to identify risk factors for BWD in twin pregnancies. The incidence of postpartum complications was compared between pregnant women with and without BWD.
Results: The average DII values among 1568 pregnant women obeyed a normal distribution. According to twins’ birth weight, pregnant women were divided into observation group (n=55) and control group (n=1513). DII was significantly higher in the observation group than that in the control group (P<0.05). The serum levels of CRP, TNF-α, and IL-6 significantly increased in the observation group compared with that in the control group (P<0.05). The results of univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses indicated that DII higher than 0, age above 30 years old, parity ≥2, gravidity ≥2, pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI)≦25 kg/m2, combined with gestational diabetes, combined with gestational hypertension, and opposite-sex twins were risk factors for BWD (P<0.05). Pregnant women with a lower DII had a significantly reduced incidence of postpartum complications, including placental abruption, fetal distress, low-birth-weight babies, and macrosomia (P<0. 05).
Conclusion: DII could influence fetal growth in twin pregnancies, and a higher DII value was associated with higher risks of placental abruption and fetal distress. Pregnant women should adhere to a healthy diet to mitigate the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes that may arise from a pro-inflammatory diet.
A Retrospective Analysis of Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes of Pediatric Fulminant Myocarditis
Authors: Zhao Yuhang , Da Min , Yang Xun , Xu Yang , Qi Jirong 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background: The study aimed to explore clinical indicators that can predict the prognosis of children with acute fulminant myocarditis (AFM) through a retrospective analysis.
Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical indices of 79 children diagnosed with AFM and hospitalized from March 2013 to March 2023. Relevant demographic and clinical data, including symptoms at admission, laboratory results, and outcomes were extracted to identify factors associated with in-hospital mortality.
Results: A total of 79 children with AFM were analyzed. The survival group (n=61) had a longer median hospital stay and higher medical expenses compared to the death group (n=18). Significant differences in the levels of left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), myoglobin (MYO), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP), arterial potential hydrogen (PH), bicarbonate (HCO3-), serum lactate (Lac), peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO2), and white blood cell count (WBC) were observed between the two groups. Additionally, there were significant differences in the incidences of multi-organ failure and respiratory failure between the two groups.
Conclusions: Severe myocardial injury, acidosis, hypoxia, inflammatory response, left ventricular systolic dysfunction, multi-organ failure, and respiratory failure are significantly associated with higher mortality rates. These factors can accurately identify AFM children at an increased risk of death.
On-Chip Multidimensional Control of Twisted Moiré Photonic Crystal for Adaptive Sensing and Imaging
Authors: Cao Yuan , Tang Haoning , Lou Beicheng , Du Fan , Gao Guangqi , Zhang Mingjie , Ni Xueqi , Hu Evelyn , Yacoby Amir , Fan Shanhui , Mazur Eric 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Moiré photonic structures permit the engineering of optical band structures and light-matter interactions, offering new opportunities in photonics and optoelectronics, paving the way for new nanophotonic applications, such as ultra-low threshold lasing and versatile nonlinear and quantum light sources. Until now, however, the lack of in situ tunability has limited the potential of these structures. For example, the lack of control of the twist angle poses challenges for high-resolution material spectroscopy and the development of new applications that require moiré optical properties.
In this paper we present a MEMS-integrated twisted moiré photonic-crystal sensor with tunable interlayer distance and twist angle. The MEMS actuators modulate the wavelength and polarization resonances of the photonic crystal sensor via a twist- and gap-tuned moiré scattering effect. Using a reconstruction algorithm, this chip-based sensor can be used to simultaneously resolve the spectrum and polarization state of a wide-band signal in the telecom range and the full Poincaré sphere. We also demonstrate hyperspectral and hyperpolarimetric imaging using this single sensor.
Our research illustrates some of the remarkable applications of multidimensional control of degrees of freedom in twisted moiré photonic platforms and establishes a scalable pathway towards creating comprehensive flat-optics devices suitable for versatile light manipulation and information processing.
The Impact of the European Union Emissions Trading System on Carbon Dioxide Emissions: A Matrix Completion Analysis
Authors: Biancalani Francesco , Gnecco Giorgio , Metulini Rodolfo , Riccaboni Massimo 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Despite the negative externalities on the environment and human health, today’s economies still produce excessive carbon dioxide emissions. As a result, governments are trying to shift production and consumption to more sustainable models that reduce the impact of carbon dioxide emissions. The European Union, in particular, has implemented an innovative policy to reduce carbon dioxide emissions by creating a market for emission rights, the emissions trading system. The objective of this paper is to perform a counterfactual analysis to measure the impact of the emissions trading system on the reduction of carbon dioxide emissions. For this purpose, a recently-developed statistical machine learning method called matrix completion with fixed effects estimation is used and compared to traditional econometric techniques. We apply matrix completion with fixed effects estimation to the prediction of missing counterfactual entries of a carbon dioxide emissions matrix whose elements (indexed row-wise by country and column-wise by year) represent emissions without the emissions trading system for country-year pairs. The results obtained, confirmed by robust diagnostic tests, show a significant effect of the emissions trading system on the reduction of carbon dioxide emissions: the majority of European Union countries included in our analysis reduced their total carbon dioxide emissions by about 20% during the emissions trading system treatment period 2005–2016, compared to the total carbon dioxide emissions that would have been achieved in the absence of the emissions trading system policy. Finally, several managerial/practical implications of the study are discussed, together with its possible extensions.
The Relationship Between Income Level and Road Traffic Deaths: An Empirical Analysis for 22 OECD Countries
Authors: Bayraktar Yuksel , aydin serdar , OLGUN Mehmet Firat , Ozyilmaz Ayfer , Toprak Metin 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

The increase in transportation and travel demands leads to the development of social welfare, and on the other hand, it may adversely affect socio-economic indicators such as death, injury, air pollution and budget deficit. Every day, thousands of people are killed, injured, or disabled due to road accidents around the world. The high cost of fatal and non-fatal road accidents to national economies is important in terms of policies to be implemented. This study aims to examine the relationship between road accidents and income levels in 22 OECD countries. Poisson Regression, Negative Binomial, and Quantile Regression Fixed Effect were used in model estimation. In addition, the convergence of traffic accident deaths for 34 OECD countries was investigated. Fractional frequency unit root test with structural break was used for convergence analysis. The findings of the study show that there is an inverted U-shaped nonlinear relationship between road accident deaths and per capita income. In addition, while the increase in health expenditures reduces the number of deaths due to traffic accidents, the increase in alcohol consumption increases these deaths. The results obtained from the convergence analysis indicates that 21 OECD countries converge to the OECD average, but 13 countries do not converge.
Relationship Between Serum Uric Acid, Nocturnal Hypertension and Risk for Preeclampsia in High-Risk Pregnancies.
Authors: Salazar Martin , Espeche Walter , Minetto Julian , Cerri Gustavo , Ramos Patricia Carrera , Soria Adelaida , Santillan Claudia , Grassi Florencia , Torres Soledad , Carbajal Horacio 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

To analyze the possible association between serum uric acid (SUA) and nocturnal hypertension and to evaluate the ability of these variables (alone or in combination) to predict preeclampsia (PE) we conducted a historical cohort study in 532 high-risk pregnancies. Women were divided according to SUA values and nocturnal blood pressure (BP) into four groups: 1- normal SUA and nocturnal normotension; 2- high SUA and nocturnal normotension; 3- normal SUA and nocturnal hypertension and 4- high SUA and nocturnal hypertension. High SUA was defined by the top quartile values and nocturnal hypertension as BP ≥ 120/70 mmHg, using ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM), during nocturnal rest. Risks for PE were compared using logistic regression. SUA had a weak but significant correlation with daytime systolic ABPM (r = 0.11, p = 0.014), daytime diastolic ABPM (r = 0.13, p = 0.004), nighttime systolic ABPM (r = 0.16, p < 0.001) and nighttime diastolic ABPM (r = 0.18, p < 0.001). Also, all ABPM values were higher in women with high SUA. The absolute risk of PE increased through groups: 6.5%, 13.1%, 31.2%, and 47.9% for groups 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively, p < 0.001). Compared with Group 1, Group 3 (OR 6.29 95%CI 3.41–11.60), but not Group 2 (OR 2.15 95%CI 0.88–5.24), had statistically significant higher risk for PE. Group 4 (women with both, high SUA and nocturnal hypertension) had the highest risk (OR 13.11 95%CI 6.69–25.70). Risks remained statistically significant after the adjustment for relevant variables. In conclusion, the combination of SUA > 4 mg/dL and nocturnal BP > 120/70 mmHg implies a very high risk to developed PE.
Israeli Dentists’ Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices Regarding Smoking Cessation Care
Authors: Vishnevsky Tamar , Aperman-Itzhak Tal , Tayeb Itzhak , Zeev Yael Bar 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background
The 5A’s model for brief smoking cessation care (SCC) is recommended for dentists to reduce the negative impacts of smoking on oral health. This study investigates Israeli dentists' adherence to the 5A’s guidelines and explores factors influencing their knowledge, attitudes, and practices.
Methods
An online cross-sectional survey was conducted among Israeli dentists during June-August 2020. The questionnaire included sociodemographic, smoking, and professional characteristics; knowledge (10 true/false statements); attitudes regarding SCC (based on the Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF)) using 13 statements (1–5 Likert scale), for a composite mean attitude score; and 5A’s performance (1–5 Likert scale, never to always). Two primary outcomes were analysed: 1) performing all of the 5A’s ‘often or always’; and 2) performing ‘always’ the first two steps (“Ask” and “Advise”). Multivariable logistic regression explored the association between the various characteristics and the primary outcomes.
Results
Overall, n = 410 responded. Mean knowledge score was 2.58 (SD = 1.51). Mean attitude score was 2.65 (SD = 0.60). Performance of all 5A’s was low with 14.1% (n = 57) reporting completing all 5A’s ‘often or always’, while 34.1% (n = 139) reported ‘always’ performing ‘Ask’ and ‘Advise’. Specialists had better odds of ‘often or always’ performing the 5A’s (adjusted OR = 2.01, p = .022) and ‘always’ performing ‘Ask and Advise’ (adjusted OR = 1.71, p = .022).
Conclusions
This study highlights the insufficient performance of SCC among Israeli dentists, revealing gaps in knowledge and attitudes related to SCC. Various measures, such as training, automatic referral systems, and integrating SCC as quality measures, may improve SCC provision among Israeli dentists.
Quantifying Digital Transformation Impact on Customer Service Automation in SMEs Using Knowledge Management Approach
Authors: VM Nikhil , Velmurugan V. P 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Digital transformation has revolutionized business operations and customer service with the rise of automation. This research aims to quantify the influence of Digital Transformation (DT) on customer service automation and predict open innovation patterns in small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) using a hybrid approach. The study will use a combination of quantitative and qualitative analysis methods to assess the extent of DT in SMEs and its impact on customer service automation. Data will be obtained from a trial of SMEs through surveys and interviews to gather information on their adoption of digital technologies and the level of automation in their customer service processes. The convenience sampling method is used for the data collection. However, to successfully implement these technologies, SMEs need to adopt effective knowledge management practices that can enable them to acquire, store, transfer, and exploit the knowledge generated from their interactions with customers driven by a customer-centric approach. Furthermore, the enquiry will develop a predictive model to identify open innovation patterns in SMEs by combining machine learning algorithms with expert knowledge. This hybrid approach will leverage the power of automated data analysis while incorporating the domain expertise of professionals in the field. The utilization of Morphological-Linear Neural Network (MLNN) in conjunction with a Logistic Regression model for addressing complex pattern recognition and prediction tasks. This study predicts the high ratings of brands for the base of customer satisfaction. The proposed work involves a detailed analysis utilizing the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software, specifically tailored for SMEs. Cronbach's Alpha is a quantity of internal consistency or reliability in established items in a questionnaire or survey. The sum of squares between people is 45189.032, with 944 degrees of freedom, resulting in a mean square of 47.870. The findings can help SMEs make informed decisions regarding their DT strategies and potentially drive more effective and efficient customer service operations.
Comparative Analysis of Microplastics Detected in Human Colorectal Cancer Tissues from Two Countries
Authors: Roslan Nur Sakinah , Ibrahim Yusof Shuaib , Lee Yeong Yeh , Anuar Sabiqah Tuan , Yusof Ku Mohd Kalkausar Ku , Ali Ahmad Ammarluddin , Lai Lisa Ann , Brentnall Teresa 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Microplastics are pervasive in the environment with potential health effects. Our study aimed to compare the physical and polymer characteristics of microplastics found in colorectal cancer samples from the United States and Malaysia. Microplastics were extracted from the tissues using chemical digestion of 10% potassium hydroxide and surface morphology was examined under a scanning electron microscope. Polymeric composition of microplastics incorporated micro-fourier transform infrared spectroscopy in the analysis. Microplastics were detected in all samples, and the Malaysian samples exhibited a higher abundance (32.2 items/g) than the American samples (25.9 items/g). Similar shapes were observed in both groups with fibers being the most abundant. American samples have longer category size (Category II=501-1000 µm) than the Malaysian samples (Category I=<500 µm). Both groups exhibited surface roughness on their microplastics and similar polymer types including polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polyamide (PA) and polycarbonate (PC). Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) was only found in the American samples. In conclusion, microplastics are ubiquitous in human tissue samples despite different population and different sampling time.
Insight into the interaction between amino acids and SO2: Detailed bonding modes
Authors: Yang Yue Yang , Yu Jialing , Jiang Xiankai , Lai Keqiang , Miao Junjian 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Amino acids are a highly effective and enviromentally friendly adsorbent for SO2. However, there has been no comprehensive study of the binding modes between amino acids and SO2 at the molecular level. In this paper, the binding modes of three amino acids (Asp, Lys, and Val) with SO2 are studied comprehensively and in detail using quantum mechanical semi-empirical molecular dynamics simulations as well as high-precision quantum chemical calculations. The results indicate that each amino acid has multiple binding modes: 22 for Asp, 49 for Lys, and 10 for Val. Both the amino and carboxyl groups in amino acids, as well as those in side chains, can serve as binding sites for chalcogen bonds. The binding energies range from − 6.42 to -1.06 kcal/mol for Asp, -12.43 to -1.63 kcal/mol for Lys, and − 7.42 to -0.60 kcal/mol for Val. Chalcogen and hydrogen bonds play a crucial role in the stronger binding modes. The chalcogen bond is the strongest when interacting with an amino group, with an adiabatic force constant of 0.475 mDyn/Å. Energy decomposition analysis indicates that the interaction is primarily electrostatic attraction, with the orbital and dispersive interactions dependent on the binding modes. This work presents a dependable theoretical foundation for the adsorption of SO2 by amino acids, which is valuable for the application of amino acids in the field of adsorbent materials.
Rigid and planar π-conjugated molecules leading to long-lived intramolecular charge-transfer states giving thermally activated delayed fluorescence
Authors: Monkman Andrew , Kulia Suman , Miranda-Salinas Hector , Eng Julien , Li Chunyong , Bryce Martin , Penfold Thomas 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) is a fundamental chemical process whereby excitation moves charge from an electron donor to an electron acceptor within the same molecule. Thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) exploits the ICT property to harvest triplet excited states, leading to extensive optoelectronic applications, including OLEDs. However, the highly twisted conformation of TADF molecules results in limited device lifetimes. Rigid molecules offer increased stability, yet their typical planarity and π-conjugated structures impede ICT. Herein, we introduce a new paradigm for achieving dispersion-free triplet harvesting in ICT molecules. Using fused indolocarbazole-phthalimide molecules, we demonstrate remarkably stable co-planar ICT states, yielding blue/green-TADF with good photoluminescence quantum yield and a small singlet-triplet energy gap (∆EST) <50 meV. The formation of ICT is dictated by the bonding connectivity between the donor and acceptor fragments, leading to excited-state conjugation breaking, stabilising the planar ICT excited state, revealing a new criteria for designing efficient TADF materials.
Evolutionary trends of preannouncement strategies for platform’s AI updates: full, partial and no-preannouncement
Authors: Li Ping , Bin Wu 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

The updated iteration of AI technologies drives platform to continuously update their functionality, platform preannounces updates and applications of AI technologies through preannouncement campaigns. The information contained in these preannouncements not only shapes the expectations of consumers, but also informs competing platforms with relevant information. Therefore, in order to analyze the platforms’ preannouncement behaviors regarding AI technology updates, this paper considers three preannouncement strategies of online platforms in duopoly market: full, partial and no preannouncement, constructs the evolutionary game model to describe the multi-period gaming behaviors between two platforms regarding preannouncement strategies, then obtains the possible stabilizing strategies as well as the related equilibrium conditions, and explores the impacts of platforms’ pricing strategies, the characteristics of consumers market and platforms’ competitive positions on the dynamic evolution of preannouncement decisions. The results show that the full preannouncement strategy isn’t optimal for platform, while consumer preference as well as pricing strategy are key factors influencing whether platform partially preannounce or not. In addition, platform with lower transition fees is more sensitive to consumer preferences and platform competition, with consumer preferences being positively related to platform’s preannouncement and the level of platform competition being negatively related to platform’s preannouncement. Based on the results of findings, this paper provides relevant suggestions for platform management strategies.
Navigating Educational Disruptions: The Gender Divide in Parental Involvement and Children’s Learning Outcomes
Authors: Ciaschi Matías , Fajardo-Gonzalez Johanna , Viollaz Mariana 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

This study analyzes the adjustment in time allocation to school support activities by mothers and fathers during the pandemic across 22 Latin American and Caribbean countries, exploring the repercussions on labor market outcomes and children’s learning losses. Our analysis reveals that mothers experienced a disproportionate increase in time dedicated to children’s educational support compared to fathers, particularly when mothers could work from home. The results suggest that these effects were more pronounced in countries with stringent school closure measures and limited access to in-person instruction. Even as mobility restrictions eased and schools reopened, the additional responsibilities taken on by mothers remained above pre-pandemic levels. Mothers also significantly increased the time spent on non-educational childcare, though to a lesser extent than educational support. We also show evidence indicating a decline in maternal labor force participation and a rise in flexible labor arrangements as mothers allocated more hours to child-related duties. Our study also provides descriptive evidence that children’s learning losses were less severe in countries where the gender disparity in pandemic-related school support was greater.
JEL Classification: I1, J13, J21