bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of light-emitting diodes on the proliferation of immature endosperm derived calli of coconut (Cocos nucifera L.)
Authors: Venugopal Geethu , Muralikrishna K.S. , Padmanabhan Sugatha , Rajesh M.K. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Coconut endosperm has a unique fatty acid profile with a pre-dominance of saturated fatty acids like lauric acid and myristic acid. Manipulation of fatty acid biosynthesis pathways can be possible with in vitro multiplication of endosperm tissue in this important oil yielding perennial palm tree. In this study, influence of Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs)(blue, yellow and purple colored) was investigated on in vitro initiation and proliferation of coconut endosperm calli. Biomass accumulation, total soluble sugars, reducing sugars, free amino acids, total polyphenols and fatty acid profile were estimated from endosperm calli of Gangabondam Green Dwarf (GBGD) cultivar grown under different colored LEDs. Calli grown under dark conditions served as control. Results indicated that initiation of calli was faster under dark conditions, whereas the multiplication and proliferation was significantly high under purple LED. Production of total soluble sugars, reducing sugars, total polyphenols and fat contents were enhanced in cultures under LEDs in comparison to control. Fatty acid profiles, generated through gas chromatography (GC), indicated that medium chain saturated fatty acid content was more, while long chain saturated and unsaturated fatty acid content was less in cultures grown under LEDs compared to cultures under control conditions. It is evident from the results that coconut endosperm calli can be initially initiated under dark conditions and it has the potential to proliferate under LED conditions with significant impact on fatty acid synthesis.
Assessing the oral and suprahyoid muscles in healthy adults using muscle ultrasound to inform the swallowing process: a proof-of-concept study
Authors: Kelly Eileen , Nazeer Saira , Fazzini Brigitta , Sutt Anna-Liisa , Olusanya Segun , Campion Thomas , Puthucheary Zudin 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Introduction
: The oral and suprahyoid muscles are responsible for movements of swallowing. Our study aimed to determine the reproducibility of static and dynamic measurements of these muscles using bedside ultrasound equipment.
Methods
Forty healthy participants were recruited prospectively. Primary outcomes were evaluation of reliability for mass measurements of the anterior bellies of the digastric, mylohyoid, geniohyoid and tongue in B-mode ultrasound. Secondary outcomes were evaluation of geniohyoid muscle layer thickness and function using M-mode.
Results
Muscle mass measurements demonstrated little within-subject variability. Coefficient of Variance (CoV) across muscles were: anterior belly digastric (5.0%), mylohyoid (8.7%, geniohyoid (5.0%) and tongue (3.2%). A relationship between sex (r2 = 0.131 p = 0.022) was demonstrated for the geniohyoid muscle, with males having higher transverse Cross Sectional Area (CSA) (14.3 ± 3.6mm vs 11.9 ± 2.5mm, p = 0.002). Tongue size was correlated with weight (r2 = 0.356, p = 0.001), height (r2 = 0.156, p0.012) and sex (r2 = 0.196, p = 0.004). Resting thickness of the geniohyoid muscle layer changed with increasing bolus sizes (f = 3.898, p = 0.026). Velocity increased with bolus size (p = < 0.001, F = 8.974). However swallow time and slope distance did not, potentially influenced by higher coefficients of variation.
Conclusion
Oral and suprahyoid muscle mass are easily assessed using bedside ultrasound. Ultrasound may provide new information about muscle mass and function during swallowing.
Enhancing Computer Image Recognition with Improved Image Algorithms
Authors: Huang Lanqing , Yao Cheng , Zhang Lingyan , Luo Shijian , Ying Fangtian , Ying Weiqiang 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Advances in computer image recognition have significantly impacted many industries, including healthcare, security and autonomous systems. This paper aims to explore the potential of improving image algorithms to enhance computer image recognition. Specifically, we will focus on regression methods as a means to improve the accuracy and efficiency of identifying images. In this study, we will analyze various regression techniques and their applications in computer image recognition, as well as the resulting performance improvements through detailed examples and data analysis. This paper deals with the problems related to visual image processing in outdoor unstructured environment. Finally, the heterogeneous patterns are converted into the same pattern, and the heterogeneous patterns are extracted from the fusion features of data modes. The simulation results show that the perception ability and recognition ability of outdoor image recognition in complex environment are improved.
Morphological traits of the eyes of Lepidoptera indicate selection for binocular vision in both diurnal butterflies and nocturnal moths
Authors: Chan Wei-Ping , Angier Katherine , Dankowicz Even , Elson Caroline , Frigyik Ella , Greiner Jenn , Just Josefine , Edwards Jerome , Zoll Rachel , Dendy Sarah , Hoki Evan , Ashe Sorcha , Chang Chang-Yu , Wu Shipher , Pierce Naomi 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

This study provides a heuristic model linking gross morphological features of compound eyes in butterflies and moths and potential visual functions related to detectability, resolution and stereopsis. This framework, combined with empirical data from 2,730 specimens representing 224 species widely sampled across a tribal level phylogeny of butterflies and a recent genomic sampling of moths, supports the hypothesis that advantages of binocular vision select for morphological architecture enhancing detectability in nocturnal species and stereopsis in diurnal species. While these results are not entirely surprising given the different light environments that these species inhabit, our analysis also uncovered a strong correlation between eye size and interocular distance, particularly in diurnal Lepidoptera. In general, males have eyes that are more ventral facing than those of females, although this effect is more pronounced in some groups than others. Diurnal butterflies exhibit a striking phylogenetic pattern in the distribution of dorsal- and ventral-facing eyes that deserves additional research.
Xinanjiang-based interval forecasting model for daily streamflow considering climate change impacts
Authors: Ke Hao , Wang Wenzhuo , Dong Zengchuan , Jia Benyou , Zheng Ziqin , Wu Shujun 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

One indication of the impacts of climate change on the water cycle is growing streamflow uncertainty, which is especially evident in high and cold regions. An interval forecasting model is established, which couples a snowmelt module and an uncertainty module, based on the Xinanjiang model. The model can consider the climate change impacts by quantifying the streamflow variations in the form of interval forecasts. The model’s performance was assessed by applying it in the headwater region of the Yellow River Basin. Interval forecasts and uncertainty analyses were conducted. Results show that the model can accurately describe the daily streamflow process in the study area. Unlike the deterministic forecasting model, the interval forecasting model effectively addresses shortcomings in forecasting high-flow scenarios. Furthermore, outcomes from the uncertainty analysis indicate that the model parameter K (the ratio of potential evapotranspiration to pan evaporation) plays a crucial role in water balance computations; the model parameter B (exponent of distribution of soil tension water capacity curve) exhibits sensitivity, suggesting challenges in attaining complete soil saturation across the entire basin. In addition, the insensitivity of the snowmelt module parameters implies that the proportion of snowmelt streamflow is relatively low in the annual streamflow and remains stable. The study results can provide theoretical references for water resource planning and reservoir regulation in the Yellow River Basin.
Diagnosis and Management of Subacute Sternoclavicular Osteomyelitis and Septic Arthritis Secondary to Escherichia coli Infection
Authors: NKIE Veronica Epah , Hewitt William David 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Sternoclavicular Joint (SCJ) Osteomyelitis is a rare condition that can arise from a number of causes including trauma, infection via direct inoculation or hematogenous seeding. It is commonly caused by Staphylococcus aureus, and infrequently by other bacteria. Only cases of E. coli osteomyelitis have been reported in the literature. Patients with risk factors such as Diabetes, smoking history, and intravenous drug use are particularly susceptible. When infection seeds the joint space, septic arthritis can occur concurrently. Acute and subacute presentations of SCJ osteomyelitis and septic arthritis have been documented, with treatment modalities ranging from conservative treatment to surgical management. We describe a patient with an interesting case of SCJ Osteomyelitis with concurrent Septic Arthritis secondary to trauma to the area from a fall. We detail the patient’s presentation, hospital admission and course of treatment. We delve into her pre-existing conditions and comorbidities and outline the many challenges we faced in managing the patient from onset of presentation into recovery. We also perform a literature review of previously reported cases of SCJ Osteomyelitis. We determine that less than 350 cases have been identified and described in the literature, and we outline examples of some of these while comparing and contrasting pertinent aspects of some of these cases with our patient’s presentation and hospital course. SCJ Osteomyelitis and Septic Arthritis is a rare condition that warrants prompt identification and management to prevent destruction of bone and joint, bacteremia and sepsis, or other debilitating complications. A multidisciplinary approach must be therefore undertaken in caring for patients with existing comorbidities and/or risk factors. This includes expeditious testing and identification of causative organisms, administration of appropriate antibiotics and antipyretics as needed, and swift determination of patients' need for surgery to curtail the spread of infection and restore bone and joint health.
Bibliometric Top Ten Healthcare-Related ChatGPT Publications in the First ChatGPT Anniversary
Authors: Sallam Malik 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Bibliometric analysis is a useful tool to assess influential publications on ChatGPT utility in healthcare, an emerging research topic. The aim of this study was to identify the top ten cited healthcare-related ChatGPT publications. The study employed an advanced search on three databases: Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar to identify ChatGPT-related records in healthcare education, research, and practice by 30 November 2023. Ranking was based on the retrieved citation count in each database. The alternative metrics evaluated included PlumX metrics and Altmetric Attention Scores (AASs). A total of 22 unique records were identified in the three databases. Only two publications were found in the top 10 list across the three databases. The range of citation count varied per database with the highest range identified in Google Scholar (1019–121) followed by Scopus (242–88), and Web of Science (171–23). Google Scholar citations were correlated significantly with and the following metrics: Semantic Scholar highly influential citations (Spearman’s correlation coefficient (ρ) = .840, P < .001), PlumX captures (ρ = .831, P < .001), PlumX mentions (ρ = .609, P = .004), and AASs (ρ = .542, P = .009). Despite the several acknowledged limitations, bibliometric analysis in this study showed the evolving landscape of ChatGPT utility in healthcare. There is an urgent need for collaborative initiatives by all stakeholders involved to establish guidelines for ethical, transparent, and responsible use of ChatGPT in healthcare. The study revealed the correlation between citations and alternative metrics highlighting its usefulness as a supplement to gauge publication impact even in a rapidly growing research field.
Developing Superior Amoxicillin Delivery Systems: AI-Driven Optimization of LNPs for H. pylori Treatment
Authors: Kajal Kumari , SAMPATH MUTHU KUMAR , Singh Hare Ram 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

The development of nano delivery systems, particularly lipid nanoparticles (LNP), for both hydrophobic and hydrophilic drugs has seen significant advancements in recent years. Fine tuning LNP formulations is crucial due to the impact of various parameters on their quality of efficacy. The study investigated the influence of formulation variables on amoxicillin-loaded LNPs designed for anti-Helicobacter pylori activity. Size, polydispersity index (PDI), Zeta potential and entrapment efficiency were evaluated across diverse formulations. The impact of particle size on drug release and encapsulation was explored. Artificial intelligence AI based design of experiments generated formulations to minimize the particle size, PDI and Zeta potential while maximizing the EE, accounting for factor interactions. Additionally, the user friendliness of QbD (Quality by Design), Machine Learning (ML), and DOE were compared. Methods and results: A Box-Behnken design with 27 formulations was chosen for amoxicillin (amox) LNP optimization. Particle size distribution, zetapotential, PDI, and entrapment efficiency were measured for each formulation. LNP ranged in size from 200–600 nm, zeta potential ranged from − 5 - -40 mV, PDI from 0.1- 1 and EE from 5-100%. Characterization included DLS, FESEM, FTIR and SEM. Obtained results were statistically analysed. Discussion: This study demonstrates the potential of AI- driven DOE for optimizing LNP formulations. We explained effect of different parameters lipid concentration, surfactant concentration, sonication time and sonication speed on nanoparticles and derived formula for further prediction. The identified formulations exhibited desired antibiotic efficiency with minimum chemical usage, suggesting the effectiveness of this approach. Further research explored it as a drug with more bioavailability, stability and cheap alternative over traditional drugs in market with more side effects and less bioavailability.
UAV identification based on improved YOLOv7 under foggy condition
Authors: He Xin , Fan Kuangang , Xu Zhitao 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

One-stage algorithm can be effectively used in normal conditions, showing excellent performance on unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) detection. However, when facing inclement weathers, such as foggy environment, it cannot give a satisfactory outcome we crave for. At the same time, UAV, a tiny object, only contains a few pixels in images and is hided in the fog, causing object obscurity. Concerned about these premises, an improved YOLOv7 is proposed to focus on UAV detection in foggy situation. We adopt BiFormer, a novel dynamic sparse attention through bi-level routing to achieve a flexible distribution of calculation with content awareness, and CL , combined loss function for replacing original IoU metric, to overcome these challenges. At last, Content-Aware ReAssembly of Features (CARAFE) is integrated to the network, aggregating contextual information within a large receptive field. According to this task, we built a new dataset for fog detection (UAV-FG) in which objects are covered by fog, and amount of experiments on UAV-FG datasets verify the effectiveness of our design. Compared with YOLOv7, our method shows consistent and substantial gains (23.21%,14.35% improvement in mAP@0.5 and mAP@0.5:0.95, respectively) with negligible computational overhead and also satisfies the requirement of real-time detection.
Aviation Impact on Air Quality: Evidence from Countries with Highest Air Traffic
Authors: IMAMOGLU Hatice , IMANOV Tapdig 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

The current study aims to analyze the relationships between air transportation and carbon dioxide emissions employing the data from 20 countries in different geographical locations to discover the role of the aviation industry impacts on air quality. The analysis was performed by considering random effect (RE), fixed effect (FE) and ordinary least square (OLS) methods using panel data covering years from 1990–2014, to examine the effect of passenger and cargo transportation on environmental quality. Findings reveal that air transportation has a significantly positive effect on environmental degradation due to a rise in the consumption of fossil fuels, which contributes to an increase in the volume of carbon emissions. The result suggests focusing on new generation aircraft concepts and technologies under fuel strategy scenarios proposed by International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) and International Air Transport Association (IATA). Entry to service new generation aircrafts enable use of biofuel with reduced fuel flow which is feasible in order to mitigate CO2 emission level.
JEL classification: E10; L93; Q51.
Multichannel Radiometer with Silicon Detectors for Ecological Research
Authors: Radzhapov B. S. , Mullagalieva F. G. , Nurboev K. M. , Radzhapov S. A. , Otaboev S. K. , Maripov I. I. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Development of a multichannel radiometer consisting of three radiometers based on highly sensitive silicon detectors for environmental studies, recording and studying the activities of alpha, beta and gamma radiation in various environments. Three types of detectors were manufactured for the three radiometers. In the radiometer, lithium drift detectors were used to measure the activity of gamma radiation; to measure the activity of beta particles and the volumetric activity of radon, heterojunction or surface-barrier detectors were installed in the radiometers. The structure of the device and the electrical circuit have been developed. The manufactured detectors had low losses on the “input” and “output” windows, which made it possible to carry out measurements on both sides. The structure of the device using these detectors and the developed electrical circuit of the microcontroller node and nodes for amplifying and selecting information of the microcontroller node are presented. Monitoring data for gamma and beta radiation activities and volumetric radon activity are presented. The results showed the dependence of the volumetric activity of radon on humidity. Beta radiation activity did not show any dependence on humidity, but there was a sharp increase on certain days.
Temporal integration on the dendrites of fast-spiking basket cells
Authors: Liu Ming , Sun Xiaojuan 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Synaptic inputs received by neurons exhibit a wide range of temporal patterns in vivo, and illuminating how neurons integrate these patterns is critical to understanding how the brain processes information. Fast-spiking basket cells, which perform both supralinear and sublinear dendritic integration, are instrumental in the inhibition control in the hippocampus, while their responses and mechanisms underlying different temporal input patterns remain unclear. To address this question, we perform distinguishable temporal simulation protocols on a detailed compartmental model of basket cells. When synaptic inputs arrive dispersed in space, we find the nonlinearity of neural response declines when inputs are more asynchronous, independent of the backpropagation action potentials. Supralinear dendrites and dendritic potassium channels dominate this phenomenon. Furthermore, the number of action potentials shows that the neuron responds more effectively to asynchronous inputs, owing to the effective barrier of single dendrite to attenuation. These results may provide insight into the temporal coding of fast-spiking basket cells in neuronal oscillation.
Comparative Analysis of Adverse Events Linked to PEG-rhG-CSF and rhG-CSF in Real-World Settings: Disproportionate Examination of the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) Database
Authors: Qu Ying , Zuo Li’an , Zhang Shuting , Chen Rong 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) is widely acknowledged for its efficacy in managing chemotherapy-induced neutropenia (CIN) and febrile neutropenia (FN), albeit accompanied by a spectrum of potential adverse effects. This study conducted a comprehensive analysis utilizing real-world data sourced from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) database, spanning the years 2004 to 2023, to assess and compare adverse events (AEs) associated with recombinant human G-CSF (rhG-CSF) and its polyethylene glycol-modified form (PEG-rhG-CSF). The analysis revealed a significant increase in the incidence of AEs, with PEG-rhG-CSF implicated in 76,155 cases and rhG-CSF in 10,953 cases. A gender-based disparity was evident, with female patients experiencing a higher incidence of AEs compared to male patients. Specifically, the incidence rates for PEG-rhG-CSF and rhG-CSF in females were 54.2% and 46.1%, respectively, versus 27.1% and 34.7% in males. Bone pain emerged as the most prevalent AE, with PEG-rhG-CSF and rhG-CSF accounting for 2,473 and 581 cases, respectively. Reporting odds ratio (ROR) analysis indicated a higher incidence of bone pain with PEG-rhG-CSF compared to rhG-CSF, with an ROR of 1.17 (95% CI: 1.07-1.29). Furthermore, the study highlighted significant differences in the time to onset of AEs between the two treatments. The median time to onset of AEs was 3 days (IQR: 1-9; p<0.05) for PEG-rhG-CSF, in contrast to 9 days (IQR: 2-42) for rhG-CSF. Notably, the emergence of splenomegaly, capillary leak syndrome, interstitial lung disease, and lung infiltration exhibited delayed intervals, underscoring the imperative for meticulous patient follow-up, particularly given the potential for patient discharge prior to the manifestation of these delayed AEs. Further assessment of real-world data is warranted.
STAMBPL1 promotes triple-negative breast cancer angiogenesis by upregulating the transcription of GRHL3/HIF1α/VEGFA via FOXO1
Authors: Chen Ceshi , Fang Huan , Liang Huichun , Yang Chuanyu , Jiang Dewei , Luo Qianmei , Cao Wen-Ming , Zhang Huifeng 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Anti-angiogenesis is a crucial therapeutic strategy for triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), but the current targeted drugs are insufficient to meet clinical requirements. Our study has discovered that silencing the deubiquitinating enzyme STAMBPL1 can effectively inhibit the growth and angiogenesis of TNBC xenografts in nude mice. STAMBPL1 promotes the expression of HIF1α/VEGFA in TNBC through a non-enzymatic-dependent mechanism. STAMBPL1 interacts with the transcription factor FOXO1, which binds to the promoter of the GRHL3 gene, thereby positively regulating its transcription. Subsequently, GRHL3 binds to the HIF1α gene promoter to promote its transcription and angiogenesis. Moreover, we have demonstrated that the combination of FOXO1 inhibitor AS1842856 and VEGFR inhibitor Apatinib significantly inhibited the growth of transplanted tumors in nude mice. These findings indicate that the STAMBPL1/FOXO1/GRHL3/HIF1α/VEGFA axis provides potential therapeutic targets in TNBC.