bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A spectral‐homotopy analysis method for heat transfer flow of a third grade fluid between parallel plates
Authors: Sibanda Precious , Motsa Sandile , Makukula Zodwa 
Published: December 2011

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to study the steady laminar flow of a pressure driven third‐grade fluid with heat transfer in a horizontal channel. The study serves two purposes: to correct the inaccurate results presented in Siddiqui et al., where the homotopy perturbation method was used, and to demonstrate the computational efficiency and accuracy of the spectral‐homotopy analysis methods (SHAM and MSHAM) in solving problems that arise in fluid mechanics.Design/methodology/approachExact and approximate analytical series solutions of the non‐linear equations that govern the flow of a steady laminar flow of a third grade fluid through a horizontal channel are constructed using the homotopy analysis method and two new modifications of this method. These solutions are compared to the full numerical results. A new method for calculating the optimum value of the embedded auxiliary parameter ∼ is proposed.FindingsThe “standard” HAM and the two modifications of the HAM (the SHAM and the MSHAM) lead to faster convergence when compared to the homotopy perturbation method. The paper shows that when the same initial approximation is used, the HAM and the SHAM give identical results. Nonetheless, the advantage of the SHAM is that it eliminates the restriction of searching for solutions to the nonlinear equations in terms of prescribed solution forms that conform to the rule of solution expression and the rule of coefficient ergodicity. In addition, an alternative and more efficient implementation of the SHAM (referred to as the MSHAM) converges much faster, and for all parameter values.Research limitations/implicationsThe spectral modification of the homotopy analysis method is a new procedure that has been shown to work efficiently for fluid flow problems in bounded domains. It however remains to be generalized and verified for more complicated nonlinear problems.Originality/valueThe spectral‐HAM has already been proposed and implemented by the authors in a recent paper. This paper serves the purpose of verifying and demonstrating the utility of the new spectral modification of the HAM in solving problems that arise in fluid mechanics. The MSHAM is a further modification of the SHAM to speed up converge and to allow for convergence for a much wider range of system parameter values. The utility of these methods has not been tested and verified for systems of nonlinear equations. For this reason as much emphasis has been placed on proving the reliability and validity of the solution techniques as on the physics of the problem.
The Nominal Group Technique: an aid to Brainstorming ideas in research
Authors: Boddy Clive 
Published: December 2011

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to present and discuss a technique called the Nominal Group Technique (NGT) for possible use in the types of market research or management research where it is desirable to generate as many ideas as possible.Design/methodology/approachThe benefits of the NGT were researched in a literature review. After this, qualitative research among research practitioners who have used the technique in Australia was conducted. One focus group of five researchers and three in‐depth interviews were conducted. Some of these responses are presented verbatim, in this paper, to order to illustrate the positive evaluations of the technique by researchers.FindingsThe research practitioners in this research were generally very positive about the NGT as a technique for idea generation. The conclusion from the research reported on in this paper is that the use of techniques such as Brainstorming, and the NGT have very beneficial roles to play in management and market research.Practical implicationsBrainstorming techniques and the NGT are discussed as fruitful methods for use in market research. The productive role of silence in idea generation research is also commented on.Originality/valueResults from the literature review and the original research were compared, and were found to have a high level of congruence. This has implications for research practitioners because while many researchers are aware of Brainstorming techniques, fewer are aware of the potential of the NGT in market research.
An empirical investigation of customer dependence in interpersonal buyer‐seller relationships
Authors: Abdul Waheed Kareem , Gaur Sanjaya S. 
Published: December 2011

PurposeIn the current highly competitive marketing environment, there are few situations in which customers attempt to build and maintain relationships with marketers. In large‐format retail situations, customers maintain a non‐personal association with the store and personal relationships with salespersons. By contrast, many customers in developing countries such as India build and maintain long‐term relationships directly with the small‐scale retailers, who happen to be the owners as well as the salespersons of the store. The purpose of this paper is to focus on customer dependence on the retailer, a rare phenomenon which is evident in rural areas of India even today.Design/methodology/approachThe paper is based on an empirical study of a buyer‐seller relationship between a farmer and a chemical fertilizer retailer, which is a common interpersonal business constellation in India.FindingsThe paper identifies the determinants of customer dependence as customer perceived market uncertainty, product importance and product familiarity. The paper also explains the positive effects of customer dependence on customer trust.Originality/valueTraditionally, customer dependence is viewed as a structural constraint in relationship outcomes. The effect of customer dependence on power, control and opportunistic behavior in the buyer‐seller relationship context is well researched. This paper applies an interpersonal trust‐development perspective and views customer dependence as a positive relationship construct and fills an apparent gap in research on customer dependence in the context of the interpersonal buyer‐seller relationship.
The development of the Outcomes Star: a participatory approach to assessment and outcome measurement
Authors: MacKeith Joy 
Published: December 2011

PurposeThis paper seeks to describe the development process for the Outcomes Stars as a suite of tools which are designed to simultaneously measure and support change when working with vulnerable people as service users. It describes the original process of development of the first Star, in homelessness services in the UK, and subsequent roll out to other client groups and in other countries. The paper indicates the theoretical and philosophical under‐pinning of an approach which aims to embody both research and values‐based practice in empowerment and respect for the individual.Design/methodology/approachAs a case study of development by the development team, the paper is based on first‐hand knowledge but builds upon extensive consultations with practitioners and users and relates these to the needs and strengths of service users, the contemporary policy framework, and wider research in the field.FindingsThe Outcomes Star draws on the core principles of Action Research and Participatory Action Research and extends them beyond research into assessment and outcome measurement. As yet there has been no formal research on the usefulness of the Star approach; but, there is a rapid take up of this approach within the UK and further afield. The paper argues that the approach has proved popular, because the Outcomes Star is rooted in a philosophy that is more in tune with that of people delivering services and more closely reflects the reality of those receiving services, compared to traditional measurement techniques.Practical implicationsThe paper aims to stimulate further thought and effective practice in measuring outcomes for vulnerable people, and on the most useful means to engage and support people in the co‐production of their own futures.Originality/valueAlthough the development and take‐up of the Outcomes Star approach has been rapid in practice, this is the first paper in which these more theoretical and philosophical roots have been outlined and explored in such depth. It will be of use to service providers, to deepen their awareness, and to commissioners, policy makers and regulatory bodies wishing to promote practical approaches to quality assurance of evidence‐based and evidence‐generating practice. It will also be of interest to moral philosophers and others wishing to understand the translation of values into social practice.
The first documents of emancipated African American management
Authors: Jones Nicole , Novicevic Milorad M. , Hayek Mario , Humphreys John H. 
Published: December 2011

PurposeThis paper aims to trace the historical roots of African American management by examining managerial practices and experiences described in the letters of Benjamin Thornton Montgomery, a former slave who eventually became manager and, ultimately, owner of the Hurricane plantation.Design/methodology/approachThe method used is the historical archival method of analysis, primarily the examination of a series of letters written by Montgomery during the 1865‐1870 time periods. These letters, which document the foundation and emergence of African American management during the Emancipation age, are for the first time presented as a source of management history.FindingsContrary to traditional thoughts of the insignificance of the plantation era to the history of management, the analysis indicates that Montgomery's management practices were quite sophisticated as they incorporated classical management principles of planning, delegation, leadership, and control.Practical implicationsThis paper provides insights concerning the historical roots of management practices during the African American Emancipation period which could provide contemporary managers with a more realistic foundation of management practice.Originality/valueThe principal contribution of this investigation is the historical awareness of the documented roots of African American management represented by Montgomery's competence and perseverance to manage effectively while withstanding impeding racial attacks.
Reading between the lines: gender, work and history
Authors: Hartt Chris , Helms Mills Jean , Mills Albert J. 
Published: December 2011

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explore the role of history in the creation of gender dynamics at work.Design/methodology/approachDrawing on an ANTi‐history – which draws on actor‐network theory (ANT) – and critical sensemaking framework, the authors analyze a written history of a teachers' union to examine how historically contextualized networks of actors shape notions of gender.FindingsThe findings support the notion of history as socially constructed story telling, which serves to shape rather than describe gendered relations at work.Research limitations/implicationsThe research is limited to archival materials as the participants are not available as direct informants. Archives by their nature are incomplete and some accounts are summaries.Practical implicationsUnderstanding the socially constructed role of history will help management educators and practitioners to examine historical accounts as part of the problem of gendered relations. The paper reinforces the notion that understanding of discrimination may be lost as power imbalances are written out of historical accounts in the attempt to be politically correct.Originality/valueThe paper's contribution to research lies in its application of new methods of historical analysis (namely, ANTi‐history and critical sensemaking) and a focus on history as a powerful sensemaking device that shapes on‐going sensemaking.
Young Malaysians' chocolate brand familiarity: the effect of brand's country of origin and consumer consumption level
Authors: Poh Chuin Teo , Mohamad Osman 
Published: December 2011

PurposeConsumer brand familiarity influences product judgment and the purchase decision. This study aims to examine consumer familiarity towards local and foreign chocolate brands and how it is related to brands' country of origin and their consumption level.Design/methodology/approachThe methodology was convenience sampling collected from a 100‐student sample.FindingsThe findings indicate that a chocolate brand's country of origin is related to a young consumer's chocolate brand familiarity level. Other than that, the finding demonstrate that the consumer's chocolate brand familiarity level is positively related to their consumption level.Research limitations/implicationsThis study has implications for marketers, where they need to take account of the effects of a brand's country of origin, gender and consumption level on brand familiarity in designing marketing strategies.Originality/valueThis study help market practitioners to design market strategies that involve a brand's country of origin information, especially when targeting young consumers.
Repositioning strategy in the ecotourism industry: a case of Bario
Authors: Lo May‐Chiun , Azlan Mohamad Abang , Songan Peter , Yeo Alvin 
Published: December 2011

PurposeThe aim of this paper is to examine service quality dimensions and their impact on a rural tourism destination.Design/methodology/approachThe study was conducted in Bario, a highland settlement in the state of Sarawak, Malaysia. It attempts to add to the scant research and to bridge the gap between service quality and tourists' satisfaction in rural destinations. The service quality dimensions for this study are places of interest, sceneries, outdoor activities, atmosphere, and motives interest.FindingsThe results of this study show that places of interest, outdoor activities and atmosphere are the important dimensions to enhance tourist satisfaction.Originality/valuePast studies show that good service quality often leads to a better performance and a higher satisfaction level; however, most studies examine this from the context of urban tourist destinations. This study extends the span by looking at a rural tourist destination.
Impacts of company size and culture on quality management practices in manufacturing organisations
Authors: Fai Pun Kit , Jaggernath‐Furlonge Surujdaye 
Published: December 2011

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate the impacts of company sizes and culture on quality management practices (QMP) in manufacturing organisations based in Trinidad and Tobago (T&T).Design/methodology/approachEmpirical data were collected via a questionnaire survey, and 65 manufacturers in four different sizes were studied. The analysis of survey data was performed with the aid of SPSS.FindingsThe study signified five core dimensions of culture that would facilitate QMP implementation, and their relative importance would be dependent on varying company size. Organisation size appears to affect only the culture dimension of Low Power Distance.Research limitations/implicationsThis research has its limitations due to the fact that the samples were selected manufacturers with varying sizes in T&T. Direct measurements of the impacts of varying company size on culture and QMP were not included in the study.Originality/valueThe findings provided some insights in diagnosing the cultural dimensions and in developing quality culture in manufacturing organisations of T&T.
The limits of regionalism in Indonesian higher education
Authors: Welch Anthony 
Published: December 2011

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine key challenges to effective regionalism for Indonesian higher education (HE), including charting its international engagement in regional HE networks and associations, and links to China and the Islamic world.Design/methodology/approachBased on empirical and documentary analysis, the article examines key challenges to effective regionalism for Indonesian HE.FindingsAs a leading stakeholder within ASEAN, Indonesia could be expected to play a major role in such regional networks as ASEAN Universities Network (AUN) as well as APRU, SEAMEO RIHED, and the like. Yet, even relative to some of its regional neighbours, (Singapore, Malaysia, and the somewhat anomalous Australia and New Zealand), the Indonesian HE system is peripheral, with a relatively minor presence in the international knowledge system.Research limitations/implicationsThe world's most populous Muslim‐majority nation, and a rising regional power, including within ASEAN, nonetheless Indonesia confronts key challenges in its HE system, both national and international. The rising demand for HE cannot be filled by public sector HEIs alone, while the proliferation of private sector HEIs, some unaccredited, poses significant issues for quality control and governance. Adding to this are external challenges, including the monitoring of international programmes and partnerships. Financing of HE is a further significant constraint, while corruption is also a major influence in Indonesian society, including in HE (thus further raising the governance stakes).Originality/valueThe two examples cited – of Islamic higher education, and of China‐Indonesia relations – each demonstrate the extent, and the limits, of regionalism in Indonesian HE.
Diagnosis of limited adenocarcinoma of the prostate
Authors: Epstein Jonathan I 
Published: December 2011

Epstein J I  (2012) Histopathology60, 28–40Diagnosis of limited adenocarcinoma of the prostateThis article provides an overview of the diagnosis of limited prostate cancer on needle biopsy. A few of the more common mimickers of prostate cancer, such as adenosis, partial atrophy, and high‐grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia, are also covered. A systematic approach to diagnosing prostate cancer by evaluating architectural, nuclear, intraluminal and ancillary features is presented. The use of immunohistochemistry, including its pitfalls and limitations, is described and illustrated. By the use of a systematic diagnostic approach as outlined in this article, the threshold for diagnosing limited carcinoma of the prostate can be decreased. If a pathologist is not comfortable in diagnosing carcinoma in a particular small focus, this review will help them to recognize these foci as atypical and suspicious for carcinoma, so that further workup might lead to a more definitive diagnosis. Some of the more common situations leading to an atypical diagnosis have also been presented to help prevent the overdiagnosis of prostatic malignancy.
Handling of radical prostatectomy specimens
Authors: Egevad Lars 
Published: December 2011

Egevad L  (2012) Histopathology 60, 118–124Handling of radical prostatectomy specimensAccurate reporting of radical prostatectomy specimens is becoming more important as we gain insights into how cancer therapy should be tailored according to risk categories. Adjuvant therapy after radical prostatectomy is now given more commonly to patients with pathological findings indicating a high risk of disease recurrence. The handling of these specimens must therefore be standardized, enabling the correct identification of histopathological risk factors for poor outcome. Several efforts have been made in recent years to reach consensus on the handling of radical prostatectomy specimens. Some of the recommendations are summarized in this review, including guidelines for gross description, biobanking of fresh tissue, fixation and cutting.
Precursors of prostate cancer
Authors: Bostwick David G , Cheng Liang 
Published: December 2011

Bostwick D G & Cheng L  (2012) Histopathology 60, 4–27  Precursors of prostate cancerHigh‐grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN) is the only accepted precursor of prostatic adenocarcinoma, according to numerous studies of animal models and man; other proposed precursors include atrophy and malignancy‐associated changes (with no morphologic changes). PIN is characterized by progressive abnormalities of phenotype and genotype that are intermediate between benign prostatic epithelium and cancer, indicating impairment of cell differentiation and regulatory control with advancing stages of prostatic carcinogenesis. The only method of detection of PIN is biopsy because it does not significantly elevate serum prostate‐specific antigen concentration and cannot be detected by ultrasonography. The mean incidence of PIN in biopsies is 9% (range, 4%–16%), representing about 115 000 new cases of isolated PIN diagnosed each year in the United States. The clinical importance of PIN is its high predictive value as a marker for adenocarcinoma, and its identification warrants repeat biopsy for concurrent or subsequent carcinoma, especially when multifocal or observed in association with atypical small acinar proliferation (ASAP). Carcinoma develops in most patients with PIN within 10 years. Androgen deprivation therapy and radiation therapy decrease the prevalence and extent of PIN, suggesting that these forms of treatment may play a role in prevention of subsequent cancer. Multiple clinical trials to date of men with PIN have had modest success in delaying or preventing subsequent cancer.
Non‐epithelial neoplasms of the prostate
Authors: Paner Gladell P , Aron Manju , Hansel Donna E , Amin Mahul B 
Published: December 2011

Paner G P, Aron M, Hansel D E & Amin M B  (2012) Histopathology 60, 166–186Non‐epithelial neoplasms of the prostateNon‐epithelial prostatic neoplasms are infrequent and cover a broad array of entities that include both benign and highly aggressive tumours. Because they are very infrequent, there is often limited understanding of them, and the recognition of these entities, when encountered, may pose a diagnostic challenge, owing to histological overlap between them or their rarity. Most lesions in this category are mesenchymal in origin, such as prostatic stromal tumours arising from specialized prostatic stroma, smooth muscle tumours, both benign and malignant, and solitary fibrous tumours. Less commonly occurring tumours include neural, germ cell and melanocytic tumours that may be derived from cells not normally present in the prostate. Some tumours have well‐established extraprostatic counterparts and, when encountered, are more commonly extraprostatic/secondary in origin; these include gastrointestinal stromal tumours and most haematopoietic tumours. The majority of tumours are characterized by a spindle cell pattern with significant overlap in morphological features. In this setting, appropriate use of immunohistochemistry and molecular studies are often necessary for accurate diagnosis, prognosis, or prediction for therapy. This review addresses and updates the clinicopathological features of the entire spectrum of non‐epithelial tumours with an approach to the histological diagnosis.