bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nonfatal unintentional injuries and related factors among male construction workers in central China
Authors: Zheng Lei , Xiang Huiyun , Song Xiaoqin , Wang Zengzhen 
Published: March 2010

AbstractBackgroundWork‐related injuries (WRIs) among construction workers have recently emerged as an important public health issue as the construction industry is booming in China. We investigated nonfatal unintentional work‐related injuries and risk factors among male construction workers in central China.MethodsA purposive sampling method was used in 2008 to select 1,260 male workers from 24 construction sites. WRIs that occurred in the past 12 months and possible risk factors were asked about in face‐to‐face interviews.ResultsAmong 1,260 male construction workers, 189 workers reported WRIs. The annual prevalence of nonfatal WRIs was 15.0 per 100 workers (95% confidence interval (CI): 13.0–17.0). The top three leading causes of injuries were collisions (27.3 per 100 workers), cuts/piercings (17.5 per 100 workers), and falls (15.5 per 100 workers). WRIs were significantly associated with high cigarette pack‐year index (PYI ≥ 20 vs. nonsmoker: adjusted odds ratio (OR) = 2.50, 95% CI: 1.31–4.76), serious alcohol consumption (≥30ml/day vs. nondrinker: adjusted OR = 1.73, 95 %CI: 1.12–2.69), not having injury prevention and safety education (adjusted OR = 2.05, 95% CI: 1.22–3.44), and had depressive symptoms (adjusted OR = 2.63, 95% CI: 1.22–5.67).ConclusionsOur results suggest that annual prevalence of nonfatal construction injuries is high in central China and serious cigarette smoking, serious alcohol consumption, not having injury prevention and safety education, and depressive symptoms are considered important factors for those injuries. Am. J. Ind. Med. 53: 588–595, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Assessing ecological changes in and around marine reserves using community perceptions and biological surveys
Authors: Yasué M. , Kaufman L. , Vincent A. C. J. 
Published: March 2010

Abstract1. Well‐enforced partial or total no‐fishing zones (collectively known as marine protected areas, or MPAs) can help restore degraded coral reefs and enhance fish populations.2. A comparison was made of community perceptions of ecological changes in an MPA with concurrent scientific data on these changes in the same MPA. Such analyses are particularly important in community‐based MPAs where local support is a key determinant of ecological success.3. The no‐take MPA in question was initially launched in partnership with the community in 1995 and formalized in 1998. The perceptions data come from interviews with community members in 1999 and 2004, the biological data come from underwater visual censuses of the MPA from 1998 to 2004.4. Community members perceived more fish within the MPA and slight increases in catch outside the MPA. In contrast, fish censuses showed a high degree of stochastic variation and only minor increases in fish abundance, size and diversity in and around the MPA between 1998 and 2004.5. Possible explanations for these discrepancies include different temporal, spatial or species frames of reference and/or limitations to the biological survey technique. Other options include wishful thinking, external influences, a desire to please, or confounding with other benefits.6. This study demonstrates some of the strengths and weaknesses of community perceptions and biological data. In order to improve our understanding about the changes that occur over time in an MPA and engender community support for the long‐term viability of MPAs, it is important to develop diverse and efficient monitoring schemes. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Circle hook effectiveness for the mitigation of sea turtle bycatch and capture of target species in a Brazilian pelagic longline fishery
Authors: Sales Gilberto , Giffoni Bruno B. , Fiedler Fernando N. , Azevedo Venâncio G. , Kotas Jorge E. , Swimmer Yonat , Bugoni Leandro 
Published: March 2010

Abstract
Incidental catches by the pelagic longline fishery is a major global threat for loggerhead (Caretta caretta) and leatherback (Dermochelys coriacea) sea turtles.
The reduction of incidental capture and post‐release mortality of sea turtles in the Brazilian pelagic longline fishery, operating in the south‐western Atlantic Ocean, was investigated by comparing the performance of 18/0 circle hooks with 9/0 J‐type (control) hooks. Hook selectivity experiments were performed between 2004 and 2008, in a total of 26 trips, 229 sets and 145 828 hooks. The experimental design included alternating control and experimental hooks along sections of the mainline.
An overall decrease in capture rates for loggerhead turtles of 55% and for leatherbacks of 65% were observed when using circle hooks. In addition, deep‐hooking in loggerheads decreased significantly from 25% using J‐hooks to 5.8% with circle hooks, potentially increasing post‐release survival.
Circle hooks increased catch rates of most of the main target species, including tunas (bigeye Thunnus obesus and albacore T. alalunga), and sharks (blue Prionace glauca and requiem sharks of the genus Carcharinus), with no difference in the capture rates of yellowfin tuna (T. albacares), shortfin mako shark (Isurus oxyrinchus), hammerhead sharks (Sphyrna lewini and S. zygaena), and dolphinfish or mahi mahi (Coryphaena hippurus). On the other hand, a significant decrease in the capture rate of swordfish (Xiphias gladius) was detected when using circle hooks.
Overall, results support the effectiveness of using circle hooks for the conservation of loggerhead and leatherback sea turtles, with positive effects on capture of most target species of the south‐western Atlantic longline fishery. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Dilinoleoylphosphatidylcholine induces the expression of the anti‐inflammatory heme oxygenase‐1 in RAW264.7 macrophages
Authors: Son Yong , Lee Ju Hwan , Kim Nam‐Ho , Surh Na‐Young , Kim Eun‐Cheol , Chung Hun‐Taeg , Kang Dae Gill , Pae Hyun‐Ock 
Published: March 2010

Abstract1,2‐Dilinoleoyl‐sn‐glycero‐3‐phosphocholine (DLPC), the main and active component of soybean lecithin, has been reported to exert anti‐inflammatory effects, but the underlying mechanisms remain to be established. It was found that DLPC could induce the expression of the anti‐inflammatory heme oxygenase‐1 (HO‐1) through the activation of nuclear erythroid 2‐related factor 2 (Nrf2) in RAW264.7 macrophages. Pretreatment with DLPC suppressed the expression of inducible nitric oxide (NO) synthase (iNOS), one of proinflammatory enzymes, and reduced NO production in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐stimulated macrophages. Similarly, DLPC also diminished the production of tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α), one of proinflammatory cytokines. Interestingly, the inhibitory effects of DLPC on LPS‐induced iNOS expression and TNF‐α production were reversed by tin protoporphyrin, a HO‐1 inhibitor. Thus, HO‐1 expression via Nrf2 activation may be one of the possible mechanisms explaining the anti‐inflammatory effects of DLPC.
Engagement in a medium secure personality disorder service: A comparative study of psychological functioning and offending outcomes
Authors: McCarthy Lucy , Duggan Conor 
Published: March 2010

AbstractBackground Specialist treatment programmes for personality disordered offenders suffer from high rates of non‐completion. This has important consequences for service providers and individual patients.Method Data from hospital records and the Offenders Index were compared for groups of treatment completers (n = 22) and non‐completers (n = 59) discharged from a specialist treatment programme.Results Twenty‐seven per cent of patients completed treatment, 37% were expelled for rule breaking and 35% disengaged early from treatment. Psychometric assessments of anger expression and anxiety showed no differences between the groups, however, treatment completers showed lower levels of impulsivity and psychopathy than either of the non‐completer groups. Rates of post‐discharge offending for grave and standard list offences were 56.8 and 10.8%, respectively.Conclusions Despite careful selection methods, a large proportion of personality‐disordered patients admitted to specialist units failed to complete treatment. Psychometric assessments of anger expression, anxiety and impulsivity showed limited utility in differentiating treatment completers and non‐completers. Sample size limitations in this naturalistic follow‐up impacted on the interpretation of differences observed between the groups on the primary outcome measure of re‐offending after discharge. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
An empirical evaluation of reasons for non‐completion of treatment in a dangerous and severe personality disorder unit
Authors: Sheldon Kerry , Howells Kevin , Patel Gita 
Published: March 2010

AbstractBackground Individuals deemed to be of high risk to others, and diagnosed with severe personality disorders have become the focus for developing clinical services in England. Such services often require highly secure accommodation and labour‐intensive therapeutic interventions. There is, however, uncertainty about the capacity to engage such patients effectively in therapies.Aim Here, we examine service evaluation monitoring data to identify the level of completion of therapeutic programmes in a high secure severe personality disordered population, and analyse reasons for failure to complete.Method Guidelines for classifying reasons for non‐completion were developed, based on the multifactorial offender readiness model (MORM). Electronic case notes were searched for references to non‐completion, and recorded reasons for non‐completion were classified.Results Non‐completion was at a relatively modest level. The main reasons for non‐completion were: (1) affective: general distress of the patient or specific emotional reactions to previous offending, e.g. shame; (2) volitional: pursuing goals other than treatment; and (3) cognitive: negative self‐efficacy beliefs and negative evaluations (low trust) of staff and the programme. External factors included exclusion from treatment and transfer to another unit.Conclusion This study identifies specific readiness areas that might need to be addressed in efforts to improve engagement and retention in treatment. A wider range of methodologies is required for future studies. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Third‐generation GPS: A low‐maintenance, high‐reliability future GPS system
Authors: Bakhoum Ezzat G. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractThis paper introduces the principles of the third‐generation Global Positioning Satellite (GPS) system, which is now in the early development phase. The new system has substantial advantages, including the elimination of the Doppler correction and signal tracking circuitry in the receivers. The benefits will be a significantly reduced receiver size and low‐maintenance requirements for the satellites. Another objective of the paper is to present a closed‐form solution for the GPS geolocation equations that does not depend on range data. Such a solution did not exist previously in the literature. Simulations that characterize the User Equivalent Range Errors in the new system are given. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Synthesis and Characterization of Metallic Co with Different Hierarchical Structures Prepared by a Simple Solvothermal Method
Authors: Duan Lianfeng , Jia Shusheng , Zhao Lijun 
Published: March 2010

AbstractMagnetic metallic cobalt with different hierarchical structures, such as dendritic particles, flowery particles, and flocky spheres, has been successfully prepared by using a simple solvothermal process in which the relative amounts of H2C2O4 and N2H4·H2O in the reaction system were rationally adjusted. The Co crystals with hierarchical structure had a hexagonal‐close‐packed (hcp) structure. The dendritic Co crystal comprises several 1–5 μm long dendrites, and thehierarchical assemblies radiate from the center. The flowerlike Co submicrocrystals are composed of petal‐like crystals around 1.5 μm in diameter and 100–200 nm thick. Interestingly, an intergrade from single‐crystal to polycrystalline structures for flowerlike Co submicrocrystals is observed. The flocky spheres, about 600 nm in diameter, consist of 5 nm thick nanosheets. In addition, a growth mechanism is proposed which is based on the evolution of the structure and morphology with increasing reaction time. Further magnetic measurements for the Co crystals with different hierarchical structures indicated that the morphology of the Co crystals had an obvious influence on their magnetic properties.
Coupling of Silsesquioxane Cages in the Coordination Sphere of Erbium
Authors: Lorenz Volker , Blaurock Steffen , Hrib Cristian G. , Edelmann Frank T. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractA novel transformation of silsesquioxane cages in the coordination sphere of a lanthanide ion is reported. Reaction of in situ prepared (c‐C6H11)7Si7O9(OLi)3 with anhydrous ErCl3 in thf solution afforded the large heterometallic (Er/Li) metallasilsesquioxane cluster (c‐C6H11)21Si21O36(SiMe3)Er2(thf)2Li4Cl2 (2) in good yield (65 %). The molecular structure of 2 comprises several unusual features, including the coupling of two silsesquioxane cages through an –O3Si(c‐C6H11)– unit as well as trimethylsilylation of an Si–OH functionality. Due to the presence of 21 cyclohexyl substituents in the periphery of the molecule, the large cluster compound is soluble even in pentane.
A Lipophilic, Fluorine‐Free, Thermostable, Inexpensive, S4‐Symmetric, Highly Soluble, Weakly Coordinating, Protolabile Aluminate
Authors: Straub Bernd F. , Wrede Michael , Schmid Karin , Rominger Frank 
Published: March 2010

AbstractThis communication presents the facile and cost‐effective synthesis as well as properties of salts of a lipophilic aluminate anion. Its unprecedented solubility in pentane makes possible tetrabutylammonium salt extraction with pentane. Nevertheless, its symmetry leads to high melting points of its thermostable salts. Several single crystals for X‐ray diffraction studies have been obtained. The anion is devoid ofhalogens, but is stable against sterically demanding electrophiles such as the trityl cation. However, it is unstable in protic media and hydrolyzes in the presence of water within days.
Fatty acids, volatiles, sterols and triterpenic alcohols of six monovarietal Tunisian virgin olive oils
Authors: Krichène Dhouha , Allalout Amira , Salvador Maria D. , Fregapane Giuseppe , Zarrouk Mokhtar 
Published: March 2010

AbstractFatty acids, volatiles, sterols, aliphatic and triterpenic alcohols of six monovarietal Tunisian virgin olive oils were analyzed. The results suggested that the compositional data concerning the above analytical fractions were effective in discriminating between varieties. The oils were found to contain high levels of oleic acid (up to 71.70% in the Oueslati variety). β‐Sitosterol (up to 85.46% in the Jdallou variety) and Δ5‐avenasterol (up to 30.97% in the El Hor variety) were the principal sterols in all samples; campesterol and stigmasterol were found at low levels. (E)‐2‐Hexenal was the main compound that characterizes the olive oil headspace of all samples. The other compounds identified were mainly C6 aliphatic components.
Preparation and investigation of PD/TI‐SBA‐15 catalysts for catalytic oxidation of benzene
Authors: He Chi , Li Peng , Cheng Jie , Li Jinjun , Hao Zhengping 
Published: March 2010

AbstractThe feasibility of Pd/Ti‐SBA‐15 catalysts in the elimination of benzene was explored comprehensively. The effects of the titanium incorporation on catalyst physicochemical property and activity were investigated by X‐ray diffraction, N2 adsorption/desorption, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, DRUV–vis, NH3‐TPD, scanning electron microscope, and transmission electron microscope techniques. Only a certain quantity of titanium can be incorporated into the support, and titanium has a positive influence on active phase dispersion. Titanium‐modified catalysts possess larger pore diameter than the pure Pd/SBA‐15 and titanium can introduce the acid sites to the support. The evaluation result shows that the titanium incorporation can noticeably improve the catalytic activity, and all evaluated catalysts possess excellent stability, without obviously activity loss during 60 h test. © 2010 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 2010
A Promising Alternative to PEMFC Graphite Bipolar Plates: Surface Modified Type 304 Stainless Steel with TiN Nanoparticles and Elastic Styrene Butadiene Rubber Particles
Authors: Myung S.‐T. , Sakurada S. , Kumagai M. , Yashiro H. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractIn order to utilise inexpensive bipolar plates for proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFC), a surface modification with TiN nanoparticles and elastic styrene butadiene rubber (SBR) particles has been applied to the most widely commercialised stainless steel of type 304 which did not satisfy the required properties in the bare form. The electro‐conducting agglomerates were electrophoretically deposited on the stainless steel bipolar plates. The surface modification greatly improved the corrosion resistance of the stainless steel as well as the interfacial contact resistance (ICR). As a result, the cell performance was significantly enhanced and become comparable to that with graphite bipolar plate during operation for 1,000 h. Ac‐impedance results indicated that the TiN–SBR coating was effective not only in reducing the ICR but also in retaining the resistance low throughout the operation. The hydrophobic character of the TiN–SBR coating on the stainless steel bipolar plates, which facilitated the removal of the formed water in the cathode side during the single cell operation, is also responsible for the enhanced cell performance. Therefore, the type 304 stainless steel bipolar plate modified with the electro‐conducting nanosized TiN – elastic SBR particles is suggested to be a promising substituent for the PEMFC graphite bipolar plate.
The Lopingian (Late Permian) of mid‐oceanic carbonates in the Eastern Palaeotethys: stratigraphical outline and foraminiferal faunal succession
Authors: Ueno Katsumi , Miyahigashi Akira , Charoentitirat Thasinee 
Published: March 2010

AbstractThe Changning‐Menglian Belt of West Yunnan, SW China and the Inthanon Zone of Northern Thailand are the two best‐studied Palaeotethyan collisional belts in Asia. These belts comprise thick pure carbonate successions with basalt at the base, ranging from the Early Carboniferous to the end of the Permian. They are interpreted to have a mid‐oceanic build‐up origin and have been formed on the top of seamounts and/or oceanic plateaus. The mid‐oceanic carbonates in the Inthanon Zone are called the Doi Chiang Dao Limestone and we newly propose in this paper the term Banka Limestone for those in the Changning‐Menglian Belt. Foraminiferal faunas from these limestones revealed that they have good Lopingian records of a mid‐oceanic shallow‐marine domain in the Palaeotethys, and three consecutive foraminiferal zones can be established. The Wuchiapingian is represented by the Codonofusiella kwangsiana Zone comprising four fusuline and 21 non‐fusuline foraminiferal genera. The early Changhsingian is distinguished by the Palaeofusulina simplicata/minima Zone, and contains seven fusuline and 27 non‐fusuline genera. The succeeding Palaeofusulina sinensis/prisca Zone in the late Changhsingian is characterized by the occurrence of large and advanced Palaeofusulina, and still maintained a high generic diversity with eight fusuline and 36 non‐fusuline genera. The Lopingian foraminiferal faunal succession of the mid‐oceanic Palaeotethys is essentially similar to those observed in cratonic South China. This is suggestive of a major oceanic part of the Palaeotethys to be included palaeobiogeographically in the Cathaysian Province. The coeval Neotethyan domain also had a high‐diversified fauna with the occurrence of six fusuline and nearly 30 non‐fusuline genera but lacked Palaeofusulina in Changhsingian time. Panthalassan mid‐oceanic build‐ups during Lopingian time carried likely lower foraminiferal diversity than those of the Palaeo‐ and Neotethys. Essentially, Tethyan mid‐oceanic carbonate build‐ups presumably provided a peculiar habitat suitable for shallow‐marine foraminifers in a pelagic equatoro‐tropical setting throughout almost the entire Lopingian time. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Primary sensory and motor cortex activities during voluntary and passive ankle mobilization by the SHADE orthosis
Authors: Pittaccio Simone , Zappasodi Filippo , Viscuso Stefano , Mastrolilli Francesca , Ercolani Matilde , Passarelli Francesco , Molteni Franco , Besseghini Stefano , Rossini Paolo Maria , Tecchio Franca 
Published: March 2010

AbstractThis study investigates cortical involvement during ankle passive mobilization in healthy subjects, and is part of a pilot study on stroke patient rehabilitation. Magnetoencephalographic signals from the primary sensorimotor areas devoted to the lower limb were collected together with simultaneous electromyographic activities from tibialis anterior (TA). This was done bilaterally, on seven healthy subjects (aged 29 ± 7), during rest, left and right passive ankle dorsiflexion (imparted through the SHADE orthosis, O‐PM, or neuromuscular electrical stimulation, NMES‐PM), and during active isometric contraction (IC‐AM). The effects of focussing attention on ankle passive movements were considered. Primary sensory (FSS1) and motor (FSM1) area activities were discriminated by the Functional Source Separation algorithm. Only contralateral FSS1 was recruited by common peroneal nerve stimulation and only contralateral FSM1 displayed coherence with TA muscular activity. FSM1 showed higher power of gamma rhythms (33–90 Hz) than FSS1. Both sources displayed higher beta (14–32 Hz) and gamma powers in the left than in the right hemisphere. Both sources displayed a bilateral reduction of beta power during IC‐AM with respect to rest. Only FSS1 beta band power reduced during O‐PM. No beta band modulation was observed of either source during NMES‐PM. Mutual FSS1‐FSM1 coherence in gamma2 band (61–90 Hz) showed a slight trend towards an increase when focussing attention during O‐PM. Somatosensory and motor counterparts of lower limb cortical representations were discriminated in both hemispheres. SHADE was effective in generating repeatable dorsiflexion and inducing primary sensory involvement similarly to voluntary movement. Hum Brain Mapp, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Education mediates microstructural changes in bilateral hippocampus
Authors: Piras Fabrizio , Cherubini Andrea , Caltagirone Carlo , Spalletta Gianfranco 
Published: March 2010

AbstractEducation has been extensively considered an influential factor in the modulation of interindividual differences in cognitive performance and cerebral structure. Consequently, education has been linked to the concept of reserve, which refers to an unspecified aspect of brain structure or function that enables people with more education to cope better with brain pathology or age‐related changes. Nevertheless, the education‐related neural mechanisms involved in reserve are still not completely understood. In this study, 150 healthy subjects were submitted to a comprehensive sociodemographic, clinical and cognitive assessment, and a high‐resolution structural MRI and diffusion tensor imaging scan protocol. Data of micro‐ (mean diffusivity, MD) and macro‐ (volume) structural changes of six bilateral deep gray matter structures (thalamus, caudate nucleus, putamen, hippocampus, amygdala, and globus pallidus) were analyzed with reference to years of formal education. Results show that decreased MD in both left and right hippocampi was the only structural parameter that, along with decreasing age, significantly correlated with higher education. The present findings suggest that the hippocampal formation might be one site where education‐mediated microstructural changes occur, possibly compensating for cognitive decline. Hum Brain Mapp, 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.