bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Driving factors for the adoption of green finance in green building for sustainable development in developing countries: The case of Ghana
Authors: Debrah Caleb , Chan Albert Ping Chuen , Darko Amos , Ries Robert J. , Ohene Eric , Tetteh Mershack Opoku 
Published: May 2024

AbstractWhile there are many motivating factors for green finance (GF) implementation, a comprehensive taxonomy of these variables is lacking in the literature, especially for green buildings (GBs). This study aims to analyze the criticality and interdependence of GF‐in‐GB's driving factors. This study develops a valid set of factors to justify the interrelationships among the drivers. The drivers of GF‐in‐GB are qualitative in nature, and uncertainties exist among them due to linguistic preferences. This study applies the fuzzy Delphi method to validate eight drivers under uncertainties. Fuzzy Decision‐Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory (FDEMATEL) with qualitative information is used to determine the interrelationships among the drivers. The drivers were grouped under two categories: prominent drivers and cause‐effect drivers. The findings revealed that “increased awareness of GF models in GB” and “preferential capital requirements for low‐carbon assets” are the top two most prominent/important drivers of GF‐in‐GB. In Ghana, the top three cause group drivers are “climate commitment,” “improved access to and lower cost of capital,” and “favorable macroeconomic conditions and investment returns.” Drivers with the highest prominence values have the potential to affect and/or be affected by other drivers; therefore, managers and policymakers should prioritize promoting or pursuing these drivers in the short term. On the other hand, it is important to pay more than equal attention to the drivers with the highest net cause values because they have the largest long‐term impact on the entire system. The theoretical and practical implications of the study are discussed, enhancing understanding and decision‐making in GF‐in‐GB.
Impact of renewable energy consumption on sustainable development in Central Asia
Authors: He Jiawen , Qin Yi , Wang Xiong 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe energy transition in Central Asia faces multiple risks while lacking empirical assessment of renewable energy use from a sustainability perspective. This paper examined the relationship of renewable energy consumption with energy intensity and carbon intensity in Central Asia during 1993—2019, using the seemingly unrelated regression (SUR). Weighing the heterogeneity of countries in the region, the results showed that downstream countries build an inverted U‐shaped relationship between renewable energy consumption and carbon intensity, while the whole region indicates an inverted U‐shaped relationship between renewable energy consumption and energy intensity. Compared with hydrocarbon, nonfossil energy is expected to serve as a greater driving force for economic growth in the future, alleviating socio‐economic dependence on fossil fuels in downstream countries and generating additional revenues to ensure energy security in upstream countries. The findings suggest policymakers to considerably mitigate the risks of decarbonization across the region.
A Tunable Hydrophilic–Hydrophobic, Stimulus Responsive, and Robust Iridescent Structural Color Bionic Film with Chiral Photonic Crystal Nanointerface
Authors: Chen Huanghuang , Zhang Xufang , Zhou Tianchi , Hou Aiqin , Liang Jiahui , Ma Teng , Xie Kongliang , Gao Aiqin 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBio‐inspired in nature, using nanomaterials to fabricate the vivid bionic structural color and intelligent stimulus responsive interface as smart skin or optical devices are widely concerned and remain a huge challenge. Here, the bionic flexible film is designed and fabricated with chiral nanointerface and tunable hydrophilic–hydrophobic by the ultrasonic energy perturbation strategy and crosslinking of the cellulose nanocrystals (CNC). An intelligent nanointerface with adjustable hydrophilic and hydrophobic properties is constructed by the supramolecular assembly using a smart ionic liquid molecule. The bionic flexible film possessed the variable hydrophilic–hydrophobic, stimulus responsive, and robust iridescent structural color. The reflective wavelength and the helical pitch of the film can be easily modulated through the ultrasonic energy perturbation strategy. The bionic flexible film by covalent cross‐linking has excellent robustness, good elasticity and flexibility. The tunable brilliant structural color of the chiral nanointerface is attributed to the surface charge change of the CNC photonic crystal, which is disturbed by ultrasonic energy perturbation. The bionic flexible film with tunable structure color has intelligent hydrophilic and hydrophobic stimulus response properties. The chiral bionic materials have potential applications in smart skin, optical devices, bionic materials, robots, anti‐counterfeiting, colorful displays, and stealth materials.
Increased Deep Trap Density in Interfacial Engineered Nanocomposite Revealed by Sequential Kelvin Probe Force Microscopy for High Dielectric Energy Storage
Authors: Liu Kaixin , Zhang Fengyuan , Liu Zhigang , Song Chunlin , Zhang Lingyu , Ming Wenjie , Yang Lingyu , Wang Yao , Huang Boyuan , Li Jiangyu 
Published: May 2024

AbstractNanocomposites combining inorganic nanoparticles with high dielectric constant and polymers with high breakdown strength are promising for the high energy density storage of electricity, and carrier traps can significantly affect the dielectric breakdown process. Nevertheless, there still lacks direct experimental evidence on how nanoparticles affect the trap characteristics of nanocomposites, especially in a spatially resolved manner. Here, a technique is developed to image the trap distribution based on sequential Kelvin probe force microscopy (KPFM) in combination with the isothermal surface potential decay (ISPD) technique, wherein both shallow and deep trap densities and the corresponding energy levels can be mapped with nanoscale resolution. The technique is first validated using the widely‐used commercial biaxially oriented polypropylene, yielding consistent results with macroscopic ISPD. The technique is then applied to investigate polyvinylidene fluoride‐based nanocomposites filled with barium titanate nanoparticles, revealing higher deep trap density around surface‐modified nanoparticles, which correlates well with its increased breakdown strength. This technique thus provides a powerful spatially resolved tool for understanding the microscopic mechanism of dielectric breakdown of nanocomposites.
Management of bilateral lower eyelid entropion in a black Angus bull by temporary tacking and modified Hotz Celsus
Authors: Bedos Leila , Bowden Anna Catherine , Olivarez Jeff , Kubai Melissa A. , Allbaugh Rachel A. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe objective was to evaluate the progression and management of eyelid tacking sutures before permanent eyelid surgical correction. A 1‐year‐old Aberdeen black Angus bull presented with a 1‐month history of bilateral corneal ulcers. Ophthalmic examination revealed an infected stromal corneal ulcer on the left eye and bilateral lower eyelid entropion. Lower eyelid tacking sutures were placed bilaterally to allow corneal healing, prevent recurrent corneal ulceration and allow resolution of concurrent moist dermatitis. Approximately 2 weeks after eyelid tacking, permanent entropion repair using a modified Hotz Celsus technique was performed on both lower eyelids. This report details the successful treatment of bilateral lower eyelid entropion in a bull using temporary tacking sutures to stabilise corneal and eyelid disease before permanent eyelid surgical correction.
Design of molecularly imprinted polymers (MIP) using computational methods: A review of strategies and approaches
Authors: Mohsenzadeh Enayat , Ratautaite Vilma , Brazys Ernestas , Ramanavicius Simonas , Zukauskas Sarunas , Plausinaitis Deivis , Ramanavicius Arunas 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis paper focuses on the computationally assisted design of molecularly imprinted polymers (MIP), emphasizing the selected strategies and chosen methods of approach. In summary, this paper provides an overview of the MIP fabrication procedure, focusing on key factors and challenges, where the fabrication of MIP includes a step‐by‐step process with extensive experimental procedures. This brings challenges in optimizing experimental conditions, such as the selection of monomer, cross‐linker, and their relevant molar ratios to the template and solvent. Next, the principles of computational methods are elucidated to explore their potential applicability in solving the challenges. The computational approach can tackle the problems and optimize the MIP's design. Finally, the atomistic, quantum mechanical (QM), and combined methods in the recent research studies are overviewed with stress on strategies, analyses, and results. It is demonstrated that optimization of pre‐polymerization mixture by employing simulations significantly reduces the trial‐and‐error experiments. Besides, higher selectivity and sensitivity of MIP are observed. The polymerization and resulting binding sites by computational methods are considered. Several models of binding sites are formed and analyzed to assess the affinities representing the sensitivity and selectivity of modeled cavities. Combined QM/atomistic methods showed more flexibility and versatility for realistic modeling with higher accuracy. This methodological advancement aligns with the principles of green chemistry, offering cost‐effective and time‐efficient solutions in MIP design.This article is categorized under:
Structure and Mechanism > Molecular Structures
Structure and Mechanism > Computational Materials Science
Molecular and Statistical Mechanics > Molecular Interactions
RETRACTED: Laminar single‐phase and two‐phase modeling of water/MgO nanofluid flow inside a rectangular microchannel with rhombic vortex generators
Authors: Faridzadeh Mohammad Reza , Toghraie Davood , Khalili Majid , Akbari Omid Ali , Ghajari Navid , Alizadeh As'ad 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIn the present numerical simulation, laminar single‐phase and two‐phase nanofluid flows are investigated inside a rectangular microchannel with the vortex generators. Rhombic vortex generators with different attack angles are used for a better mixture of fluid. Water/MgO nanofluid is used as the working fluid in the volume fractions of nanoparticles φ = 0‐4% in Reynolds numbers of Re = 1‐300 at the two‐dimensional space. The presence of vortex generators with attack angles of λ = 0‐45°, and simultaneous investigation of heat transfer and flow hydrodynamic parameters distinguish this research from other similar studies. Obtained results revealed that using nanofluid with higher volume fractions, slip boundary condition on the hot wall, and using vortex generator with higher λ lead to significant enhancement of heat transfer. Also, the value of pressure drop augmentation is caused by the increase of φ and λ is significant at higher Reynolds numbers. Unlike the increase of φ, by increasing Reynolds number, the effect of slip boundary condition becomes considerable on the reduction of entropy generation. The behavior of entropy generation graphs with slip velocity boundary condition on the wall is different from the no‐slip boundary condition at Re = 300. The behavior of average entropy generation is different in the various φ, Reynolds numbers, and λ in the no‐slip boundary condition for single‐phase and two‐phase models. Also, the two‐phase model estimates flow behavior with less irreversibility.
Older Adults´ Emotional User Experiences with Digital Health Services
Authors: Valkonen Paula , Kujala Sari 
Published: May 2024

AbstractOlder adults are at risk of being excluded from digital society. They do not always find digital health services appealing, or they may have challenges with them. We investigated older adults´ emotional user experiences with digital health services and aimed to give designers tools to make digital health services more appealing for older adults. We interviewed 16 older adults about their experiences with digital health services. The use of digital health services brought joy and increased self-confidence. On the other hand, older adults had many negative emotional user experiences, including fear of pressing buttons and embarrassment of incompetence. In the future, designers should actively look for solutions that alleviate older adults´ fears and further encourage them to use digital health services. To enable that, proposals are made for designing digital health services.
Near-Infrared Spectroscopic Study Towards Clinical Radiotherapy Treatment Monitoring
Authors: Karthikeyan Priya , Ferdinando Hany , Korhonen Vesa , Honka Ulriika , Lohela Jesse , Inget Kalle , Karhula Sakari , Nikkinen Juha , Myllylä Teemu 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis study used near-infrared spectroscopy to monitor dynamic spectral effects to radiotherapy aiming to monitor spectral response for clinical radiotherapy. Twenty-four patients with total fractions of 96 measurements were measured to evaluate the dynamic spectral status of radiotherapy response. Dynamic responses from absorbance measurement were found to be associated with effects of induced radiation to skin and it linearly correlates to the dose given. Whereas significantly no response was found in ex vivo samples. A spectrometer was used in near infrared range between 650 nm and 1100 nm wavelength in absorbance mode. The absorbance spectral dynamics were measured using one light source-detector probe attached to the forehead in human patients and chicken samples to compare their responses to irradiation. The absorbance measurements of the forehead (skin) show absorbance increase throughout the spectra during irradiation in patients and confirmed with repeatability whereas in corresponding irradiation of ex vivo chicken samples, no absorbance changes were detected. Since spectral range of 650 nm–950 nm is dominantly affected by hemodynamical changes in tissue this indicates the oxygenation of blood in patients is strongly affected by irradiation. Furthermore, the irradiation caused absorbance changes also between 950 nm to 1100 nm range which is dominated by water in tissue, however in ex vivo chicken no visible effects of irradiation were detected in this range either.
Visual Modeling of Multiple Sclerosis Patient Pathways: The Healthcare Workers’ Perspectives
Authors: Bogale Binyam , Solem Ingrid Konstanse Ledel , Celius Elisabeth Gulowsen , Halvorsrud Ragnhild 
Published: May 2024

AbstractMultiple Sclerosis (MS) necessitates tailored care along intricate pathways throughout a patient's lifetime. Visualizing these pathways enhances the collective understanding of care processes and fosters collaboration among stakeholders. This study employed a qualitative study to map and the Customer Journey Modeling Language (CJML) to model MS patient pathways. A total of six purposefully selected healthcare professionals working in specialized healthcare, at a hospital and separate rehabilitation center, contributed to the care process mapping, participating in both pre- and post-modeling in-depth interviews. CJML, designed to capture planned and actual journeys from the service users’ perspective was adapted in this study to showcase the service provider's viewpoints, revealing insights into the existing organization of MS care. Involving more than one service provision level in mapping and modeling care processes requires dealing with handovers and its associated challenges. The final visualizations illustrate potential areas for improvement, including the need for more standardized procedures, potentially leading to variations in the quality of care and/or inefficient processes. However, the mapping process highlighted the difficulties in visualizing the MS care pathway due to its highly personalized nature, including challenges with creating personas or case groups that would allow for a unified service model. Participants’ feedback on the visualizations was essential, illustrating the importance of member checking when dealing with complex concepts such as patient pathways and organization of care.
The Viewpoint of Informal Carers of People with Multiple Sclerosis in Digital Health Research: A Scoping Review
Authors: Yrttiaho Tiia , Mylonopoulou Vasiliki , Giunti Guido , Isomursu Minna 
Published: May 2024

AbstractMultiple sclerosis (MS) is a common neurological disease that can impact not only individuals diagnosed with the condition but also their informal carers, i.e. family members and friends. This scoping review aimed to map the role that family members and friends of people with multiple sclerosis have had in digital health research. The scoping review was reported according to PRISMA-ScR. The search was done in Scopus, CINAHL, Pubmed, and Web of Science. A total of 14 studies met the inclusion criteria. These studies were about telemedicine, rehabilitative video games, online education, user research, and development. Usually, family members and friends had a side part in the research. One study focused exclusively on them, and in total, in eight studies family and friends were participants in the study. Otherwise, they were accompanying the person with multiple sclerosis, were seen as possible users of the digital solution or they appeared in results by someone else. In this scoping review, it was seen that informal carers can get support and information from digital sources, they are able to act as informal carers in digital environments, healthcare professionals can receive information from them and family and friends can help in remote assessments, and digital solutions can help informal carers and people with MS to connect in a new or better way. Our results highlight that digital health can bring benefits to family members, people with multiple sclerosis, and healthcare.
Passively Reconfigurable Antenna Using Gravitational Method
Authors: Satitchantrakul Thanatcha , Manapreecha Chanathan , Phongpatrawiset Sukrit , Soh Ping Jack 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis paper proposes a passive reconfigurable antenna by using liquid metal and gravity mechanism. When the antenna rotates to different angles, the liquid metal will flow to the lowest point of the container due to gravitational force, thereby acting as a reflector to redirect the main antenna radiation pattern at predefined angles at 5.8 GHz (ISM band). The upper section patterns can be maintained when antenna is tilted at 45°, 90°, 135°, 225°, 275° and 315° whereas the rotated antenna at 0° and 180° causes a forward radiation. More importantly, additional directors surrounding the main patch can be used to increase the directivity of these radiation patterns. Simulation results in terms of reflection coefficient, radiation patterns and gain indicate that the proposed antenna operated passively with a consistent bandwidth of approximately 400 MHz.
Computed Tomography Artefact Detection Using Deep Learning—Towards Automated Quality Assurance
Authors: Inkinen S. I. , Kotiaho A. O. , Hanni M. , Nieminen M. T. , Brix M. A. K. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractImage artefacts in computed tomography (CT) limit the diagnostic quality of the images. The objective of this proof-of-concept study was to apply deep learning (DL) for automated CT artefact classification. Openly available Head CT data from Johns Hopkins University was used. Three common artefacts (patient movement, beam hardening, and ring artefacts (RAs)) and artefact free images were simulated using 2D axial slices. Simulated data were split into a training set (Ntrain = 1040 × 4(4160)), two validation sets (Nval1 = 130 × 4(520) and Nval2 = 130 × 4(520)), and a separate test set (Ntest = 201 × 4(804); two individual subjects). VGG-16 model architecture was used as a DL classifier, and the Grad-CAM approach was used to produce attention maps. Model performance was evaluated using accuracy, average precision, area under the receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve, precision, recall, and F1-score. Sensitivity analysis was performed for two test set slice images in which different RA radiuses (4 pixels to 245) and movement artefacts, i.e., head tilt with rotation angles (0.2° to 3°), were generated. Artefact classification performance was excellent on the test set, as accuracy, average precision, and ROC area under curve over all classes were 0.91, 0.86, and 0.99, respectively. The precision, recall, and F1-scores were over 0.84, 0.71, and 0.85 for all class-wise cases. Sensitivity analysis revealed that the model detected movement at all rotation angles, yet it failed to detect the smallest RAs (4-pixel radius). DL can be used for effective detection of CT artefacts. In future, DL could be applied for automated quality assurance of clinical CT.
The Effects of Robotic Training on Walking and Functional Independence of People with Spinal Cord Injury: A Systematic Review, Meta-analysis and Meta-regression
Authors: Köyhäjoki Anna , Korpi Hilkka , Yli-Ikkelä Riku , Hakonen Harto , Kantola Mirjami , Rintala Aki , Honkanen Sari , Ilves Outi , Sjögren Tuulikki , Karvanen Juha , Aartolahti Eeva 
Published: May 2024

AbstractEvidence on the effects of robotic technology is required to develop rehabilitation services. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of robot-assisted walking training on walking and functional independence in everyday life in persons with spinal cord injury (SCI) and explore the covariates associated with these effects.We searched the MEDLINE (Ovid), CINAHL, PsycINFO, and ERIC databases until March 25, 2022. Two reviewers independently assessed the studies for inclusion. We included RCTs on people with SCI receiving robotic training. The Cochrane RoB2, meta-analysis, meta-regression, and Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation were performed.We included 23 RCTs focusing on SCI with outcomes of walking or functional independence, of which 14 were included in the meta-analysis and meta-regression analyses. Small improvements were observed in functional independence in favor of robot-assisted walking training compared to other physical exercises (Hedges’ g 0.31, 95% CI 0.02 to 0.59; I2 = 19.7%, 9 studies, 419 participants, low certainty evidence). There were no significant differences in walking ability, speed, endurance, or independence between the groups.Robot-assisted walking training may slightly improve functional independence, but its effects on walking ability in SCI patients is uncertain compared to other exercise. Evidence suggests little to no difference in walking independence, and the effects on walking speed and endurance are unclear. No clear evidence exists whether positive effects are linked to personal, clinical, or intervention characteristics. Robot-assisted gait training may be a viable option for improving functional independence in individuals with SCI.