bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A NONLINEAR DYNAMICS PERSPECTIVE OF WOLFRAM'S NEW KIND OF SCIENCE PART XII: PERIOD-3, PERIOD-6, AND PERMUTIVE RULES
Authors: CHUA LEON O. , PAZIENZA GIOVANNI E. 
Published: March 2010

This 12th part of our Nonlinear Dynamics Perspective of Cellular Automata concludes a series of three articles devoted to CA local rules having robust periodic ω-limit orbits. Here, we consider only the two rules, [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text], constituting the third of the six groups in which we classified the 1D binary Cellular Automata. Among the numerous theoretical results contained in this article, we emphasize the complete characterization of the ω-limit orbits, both robust and nonrobust, of these two rules and the proof that period-3 and period-6 ω-limit orbits are dense for [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text], respectively. Furthermore, we will also introduce the fundamental concepts of perfect period-T orbitsets and riddled basins, and see how they emerge in rule [Formula: see text]. As stated in the title, we also focus on permutive rules, which have been introduced in a previous installment of our series but never thoroughly studied. Indeed, we will review some of the well-known properties of such rules, like the surjectivity, examining their implications for finite and bi-infinite Cellular Automata. Finally, we propose a new list of the 88 globally-independent local rules, which is slightly different from the one we have used so far but has the great advantage of being selected via a rigorous methodology and not an arbitrary choice. For the sake of completeness, we display in the appendix the basin tree diagrams and the portraits of the ω-limit orbits of the rules from this refined table which have not yet been reported in our previous articles.
Location-dependent query processing
Authors: Ilarri Sergio , Mena Eduardo , Illarramendi Arantza 
Published: March 2010

The continuous development of wireless networks and mobile devices has motivated an intense research in mobile data services. Some of these services provide the user with context-aware information. Specifically, location-based services and location-dependent queries have attracted a lot of interest.
In this article, the existing literature in the field of location-dependent query processing is reviewed. The technological context (mobile computing) and support middleware (such as moving object databases and data stream technology) are described, location-based services and location-dependent queries are defined and classified, and different query processing approaches are reviewed and compared.
Long-Term Outcome After Successful Catheter Ablation of Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Tzou Wendy S. , Marchlinski Francis E. , Zado Erica S. , Lin David , Dixit Sanjay , Callans David J. , Cooper Joshua M. , Bala Rupa , Garcia Fermin , Hutchinson Mathew D. , Riley Michael P. , Verdino Ralph , Gerstenfeld Edward P. 
Published: March 2010

Background—
Pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) is increasingly used for treatment of atrial fibrillation (AF), but few reports exist regarding long-term success. We determined 5-year outcomes of PVI among patients with freedom from AF off antiarrhythmic drugs (AAD) for 1 year after PVI.

Methods and Results—

Consecutive patients with paroxysmal or persistent AF who underwent PVI at the University of Pennsylvania from 2000 to 2003 and were free from AF 1 year after ablation were included. Proximal isolation of PVs and non-PV triggers of AF was performed. Long-term ablation success, defined as freedom from AF off AAD after a single ablation procedure, was determined. All patients had transtelephonic monitoring at 3 to 6 months and 12 months and at least yearly contact thereafter. One hundred twenty-three patients were free of AF without AAD at 1 year. AF freedom off AAD was 85% at 3 years and 71% at 5 years, with an approximate 7% per year late recurrence rate after the first year. Patients with recurrent AF ≥5 years after index PVI were older, had larger left atrial size, more AF triggers and more likely had persistent AF. In multivariate analysis, persistent AF (odds ratio, 2.8; 95% confidence interval, 1.4 to 5.7,
P
=0.005) and age (odds ratio, 1.1; 95% confidence interval, 1.0 to 1.1,
P
=0.036) independently predicted long-term AF recurrence.

Conclusions—
Among patients with paroxysmal or persistent AF and AF freedom 1 year after segmental PVI, the majority (71%) remained free of AF for up to 5 years, with an approximate late recurrence rate of 7% per year. Continued vigilance for recurrent AF after PV isolation is warranted, particularly in patients with persistent AF.
The Primacy of the Present: Metaphysical Ballast or Phenomenological Finding?
Authors: Staiti Andrea 
Published: March 2010

AbstractIn this paper I argue that the primacy of the present in Husserl’s philosophy is not an unquestioned ballast inherited from the tradition of metaphysics but rather a genuinely phenomenological discovery. First, I explore the present of things and argue that the phenomenological primacy of the present in this domain should be understood in terms of what Husserl calls “affection.” Strictly speaking originary affection and associative syntheses (as the most basic phenomena for the givenness of things) can only take place in the present or starting from the present. Second, I consider the present in the egological sphere and analyze its primacy for both the transcendental and the personal ego. Finally, I move to the experience of the other and argue that only the perception of the other’s body in the present gives rise to an authentic empathic experience as the experience of the other’s governing in his own body.
Heidegger and the Communicative World
Authors: Powell Jeffrey L. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractThe treatment of communication (Mitteilung) in Heidegger has often been relegated to a secondary status. In this essay, I attempt to remedy this tendency. In my attempt, I first focus on the role of language in Being and Time through focusing on Heidegger’s treatment of λόγος in the introduction, followed by the role of language in the constitution of the being of the da. The latter takes into account the special status of language in relation to the other two constituent moments of the being of the da, i.e., understanding and attunement or moodedness. In Being and Time, understanding and attunement become factically disclosed as projection and thrownness. However, this disclosure occurs through language as communication. The nature of this disclosure as communication is the holding open of the da, a holding open of the da for the other, the keeping open of world through communication for community. Finally, consistent with Aristotle, community is thought as the basis of the political.
Schelling on the Unconscious
Authors: McGrath S. J. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractThe early Schelling and the romantics constructed the unconscious in order to overcome the modern split between subjectivity and nature, mind and body, a split legislated by Cartesian representationalism. Influenced by Boehme and Kabbalah, the later Schelling modified his notion of the unconscious to include the decision to be oneself, which must sink beneath consciousness so that it might serve as the ground of one’s creative and personal acts. Slavoj Zizek has read the later Schelling’s unconscious as a prototype of Lacan’s reactive unconscious, an unconscious that only exists as the excluded other of consciousness. This reading, though close to the text of Schelling, misses something essential: the unconscious for Schelling is not a repression but a condition of the possibility of life and love.
Cultural Difference and Adoption Policy in the United States: The Quest for Social Justice for Children
Authors: Engel Madeline , DellaCava Frances , Phillips Norma Kolko 
Published: March 2010

AbstractThis article discusses the impact of cultural difference on adoption in the United States (U.S.) during three historical periods and along three dimensions: religion, race and ethnicity. The focus is on the extent to which national and international definitions of the rights of the child as put forth by the United States, the United Nations and The Hague have affected adoption policy and practice. The article questions the extent to which the failure to respond to cultural differences has diminished the rights of the child and resulted in social injustice. Although focused on the U.S., the argument has relevance for many other countries, including Sweden, Romania, Ukraine, Australia, Korea and China.
The Descriptions of the Restoration of Israel in Ezekiel
Authors: Ganzel Tova 
Published: March 2010

AbstractThis article focuses on the descriptions of Israel’s restoration scattered throughout the book of Ezekiel against the background of traditional prophetic portrayals of national redemption. This investigation aims to analyze the various unique motifs found in the restoration prophecies and their function in each particular occurrence. Consideration of these prophecies demonstrates a literary progression within the book of Ezekiel, and also reflects the uniqueness of Ezekiel’s descriptions of the restoration of Israel.
African Migration as the Search for a Wonderful World: An Emerging Trans-global Security Threat?
Authors: Obi Cyril I. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractThis article critically analyses the framing of African migration in hegemonic global security discourses as a source of transnational threats to developed and stable parts of the world. Such concerns have increased since 9/11 and the inception of the Global War on Terror, and are likely to grow in the wake of the global financial meltdown. It explores the globalization-migration-development nexus as it relates to how Africa has become an object of securitization based more on the manipulation of fear, than on reality. This underscores the point that the perception of “illegal” African migration as a threat to Europe’s southern borders is constructed and deliberately exaggerated for political ends. Thus, the article argues that the barriers designed to reduce or prevent African migration in a ‘borderless world’, have more to do with hegemonic politics, and less to do with any real danger. It also discusses the ramifications of the securitization of Africa is relation to the ways it is feeding into international support for the military and policing capacity of African states. This, in some regards, is taking place at the immense social cost of popularly-rooted democratization, social development and sustainable peace in the continent - thereby increasing the threats facing African people.
Classifying African Christianities: Past, Present, and Future: Part One
Authors: Kollman Paul 
Published: March 2010

AbstractThis two-part article examines the practice of classifying African Christianities, looking at past and current approaches in order to make suggestions for the future. Noting advances in such classification from the disciplines of African church history and the anthropology of Christianity, it proposes a generational approach to African Christian communities. After reviewing past approaches and identifying their shortcomings, part one shows how Pentecostalism has disrupted such classifications further, prompting the late church historian Ogbu Kalu’s assertion of continuity within African Christianities through a longstanding pattern of revivalism. Kalu helpfully emphasizes African initiatives in Christian creativity and detects similarities over time in Christianity’s appeal to Africans. Yet he also relies on a problematic essentialist approach to Africa and, by foregrounding Pentecostals and African Independent (or Initiated) Churches, continues a trend that overlooks other African Christians. The challenge lies in developing classifications that include all African Christians, using concepts that generate insight-producing comparisons.
Identities, Subjectivities and Language in Juvenile Alcohol Issues
Authors: Cortese Giuseppina 
Published: March 2010

AbstractThis study looks at changing styles of alcohol consumption and the spread of underage drinking as a crucial nexus in discourse, dialectically involving economic, political and socio-cultural issues with ethical implications. Using an ad hoc corpus of print and web-distributed materials, and examining textual features within a framework of language as social action, the study explores how this discursive nexus is deployed in the dynamics of subject positioning on alcohol issues, highlighting different stances in the representations of the alcohol scenario with particular emphasis on the depiction and evaluation of 'young alcohol'. Notions of alcohol configured as traits of social and collective identity appear largely stereotyped and quite immune from change. Conversely, representations of alcohol within the corporate culture of the alcohol business are driven by the need to mask and protect vested interests, which leads to hybrid and dynamic forms of promotional discourse posited as a new “self-regulating ethos”. At the same time, these powerful subjectivities resist and actively oppose political measures against alcohol as a risk factor.
Intrinsic Risk Factors for Hamstring Injuries Among Male Soccer Players
Authors: Engebretsen Anders Hauge , Myklebust Grethe , Holme Ingar , Engebretsen Lars , Bahr Roald 
Published: March 2010

Background: Strain injuries of the posterior thigh are common in soccer. It seems that previous injury and age are important risk factors, but the literature is limited. This study was conducted to see if we could identify intrinsic risk factors for hamstring injuries among male soccer players. Hypothesis: We hypothesized that previous hamstring injuries, reduced function scores, abnormalities on a clinical examination, high maximum sprint speed, poor hamstring strength, or low hamstring/quadriceps ratio can predict increased risk of new hamstring injuries. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 2. Methods: A total of 508 players representing 31 amateur teams were tested during the 2004 preseason for potential risk factors for hamstring injury through a questionnaire on previous injury and function score (Hamstring Outcome Score [HaOS]), a clinical examination of the hamstring, and specific hamstring relevant tests. Generalized estimating equations were used in univariate analyses to identify candidate risk factors, and factors with a P value of <.10 were then examined in a multivariate model. Results: During the soccer season, 76 hamstring injuries, affecting 65 legs (61 players), were registered. Univariate analyses revealed previous acute hamstring injury (yes/no) (odds ratio [OR], 2.62; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.54-4.45), HaOS function score with all subscores except “Soreness” (OR for a 10-point difference in total score, 1.29; 95% CI, 1.08-1.54), age (OR, 1.25; 95% CI, 0.96-1.63), and player position ( P = .09) as candidate predictors of high injury risk. In a multivariate analysis, the most important risk factor for injuries to the hamstring was previous acute hamstring injury (yes/no) (adjusted OR, 2.19; 95% CI, 1.19-4.03; P = .01). Conclusion: In a multivariate analysis, previous acute hamstring injury was found to be a significant risk factor for new hamstring injuries. Previously injured players have more than twice as high a risk of sustaining a new hamstring injury.
The Skills Gap in Hospital Management
Authors: Pillay Rubin 
Published: March 2010

A lack of management capacity has been identified as the key stumbling block to attaining the goals of health for all in South Africa. As part of the overall management development process, this research aimed to identify the skills important for health services management and to evaluate managers’ self-assessed proficiency in each of these skills. We also examined the impact of past training on perceived competency levels. A cross-sectional survey using a self-administered questionnaire was conducted among 404 hospital managers in the South African public and private sectors. Respondents were asked to rate the level of importance that each proposed competency had in their job and to indicate their proficiency in each skill. The results of this study show that both the public and private sector managers rated competencies related to ‘people management’, ‘self-management’ and ‘task-related skills’ highest, followed by ‘strategic planning’ and ‘health delivery’, respectively. The largest differences between mean importance rating and mean skill rating for public sector managers were for people management skills, task-related skills and self-management skills. The largest deficits for private sector managers were for people management skills, self-management skills and health delivery skills. Informal management development programmes were found to be more valuable in improving management skills. These findings reflect the reality of the local health service environment and the needs of health managers. It will be useful in the conceptualisation, design and delivery of health management programmes aimed at enhancing current and future management and leadership capacity in the health sector in South Africa.
Low-income Parents’ Decisions about Medical Treatment
Authors: Katrak Homi 
Published: March 2010

Many low-income households in developing countries cannot afford the high costs of medical treatment. They often resort to cost-saving, but risky options for their treatment. The article uses data published in earlier studies in India to analyse the treatment decisions of low-income households. We compare parents’ decisions about their children’s treatment with those about their own treatment. The analysis shows that parents often adopt a cost-saving (and risk-taking) attitude about their own treatment, relative to that for their children. This difference is found even when the parents and children have the same sickness profiles and also, when the parents have a higher incidence of serious sicknesses. There is a need for policies to increase affordable access to medicines. These include poverty alleviation and competition/regulation to reduce prices of medicines.
High levels of placenta growth factor in sickle cell disease promote pulmonary hypertension
Authors: Sundaram Nambirajan , Tailor Anitaben , Mendelsohn Laurel , Wansapura Janaka , Wang Xunde , Higashimoto Tomoyasu , Pauciulo Michael W. , Gottliebson William , Kalra Vijay K. , Nichols William C. , Kato Gregory J. , Malik Punam 
Published: March 2010

AbstractPulmonary hypertension is associated with reduced nitric oxide bioavailability and early mortality in sickle cell disease (SCD). We previously demonstrated that placenta growth factor (PlGF), an angiogenic factor produced by erythroid cells, induces hypoxia-independent expression of the pulmonary vasoconstrictor endothelin-1 in pulmonary endothelial cells. Using a lentivirus vector, we simulated erythroid expression of PlGF in normal mice up to the levels seen in sickle mice. Consequently, endothelin-1 production increased, right ventricle pressures increased, and right ventricle hypertrophy and pulmonary changes occurred in the mice within 8 weeks. These findings were corroborated in 123 patients with SCD, in whom plasma PlGF levels were significantly associated with anemia, endothelin-1, and tricuspid regurgitant velocity; the latter is reflective of peak pulmonary artery pressure. These results illuminate a novel mechanistic pathway linking hemolysis and erythroid hyperplasia to increased PlGF, endothelin-1, and pulmonary hypertension in SCD, and suggest that strategies that block PlGF signaling may be therapeutically beneficial. This trial was registered at http://clinicaltrials.gov as #NCT00011648.
Hedgehog regulates distinct vascular patterning events through VEGF-dependent and -independent mechanisms
Authors: Coultas Leigh , Nieuwenhuis Erica , Anderson Gregory A. , Cabezas Jorge , Nagy Andras , Henkelman R. Mark , Hui Chi-Chung , Rossant Janet 
Published: March 2010

AbstractDespite the clear importance of Hedgehog (Hh) signaling in blood vascular development as shown by genetic analysis, its mechanism of action is still uncertain. To better understand the role of Hh in vascular development, we further characterized its roles in vascular development in mouse embryos and examined its interaction with vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), a well-known signaling pathway essential to blood vascular development. We found that VEGF expression in the mouse embryo depended on Hh signaling, and by using genetic rescue approaches, we demonstrated that the role of Hh both in endothelial tube formation and Notch-dependent arterial identity was solely dependent on its regulation of VEGF. In contrast, overactivation of the Hh pathway through deletion of Patched1 (Ptch1), a negative regulator of Hh signaling, resulted in reduced vascular density and increased Delta-like ligand 4 expression. The Ptch1 phenotype was independent of VEGF pathway dysregulation and was not rescued when Delta-like ligand 4 levels were restored to normal. These findings establish that Hh uses both VEGF- and Notch-dependent and -independent mechanisms to pattern specific events in early blood vascular development.
High frequency of Machado-Joseph disease identified in Southeastern Chinese kindreds with spinocerebellar ataxia
Authors: Gan Shi-Rui , Shi Sheng-Sheng , Wu Jian-Jun , Wang Ning , Zhao Gui-Xian , Weng Sheng-Tong , Murong Shen-Xing , Lu Chuan-Zhen , Wu Zhi-Ying 
Published: March 2010

AbstractBackgroundMachado-Joseph disease (MJD), caused by a CAG repeat expansion located in exon10 of theATXN3gene, is now regarded as one of the most common spinocerebellar ataxia (SCA) in the world. The relative frequency of MJD among SCA has previously been estimated at about 50% in the Chinese population and has been reported to be related to the frequency of large normal alleles in some populations. Taq polymerase has been used for PCR in nearly all studies reported previously.MethodsNormal and expanded alleles ofATXN3were detected via PCR using LA Taq DNA polymerase (better for GC-rich sequences) and denaturing polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in 150 normal individuals and 138 unrelated probands from autosomal dominant SCA families. To compare reaction efficiency, 12 MJD patients' expanded alleles were amplified with La Taq and Taq polymerase respectively in the same amplifying systems and reaction conditions.ResultsNormal alleles ranged from 12 to 42 CAG repeats. The most common allele contained 14 repeats with a frequency of 23.3%, which corroborates previous reports. The frequency of large normal alleles (>27 repeats) was 0.28, which was very high relative to previous reports. The frequency of MJD in SCA patients was 72.5%, which was significantly higher than those in previous reports about the Chinese and other Asian populations. This frequency was one of the highest reported worldwide, with only Portuguese and Brazilian populations exhibiting higher proportions. All 12 expanded alleles were amplified in PCR with La Taq polymerase, whereas only 2 expanded alleles were amplified with Taq polymerase.ConclusionWe have first reported the highest relative frequency of MJD in Asia, and we attribute this high frequency to a more efficient PCR using LA Taq polymerase and hypothesized that large ANs may act as a reservoir for expanded alleles in the Southeastern Chinese population.