bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
3D bioprinting of dense cellular structures within hydrogels with spatially controlled heterogeneity
Authors: Abaci Alperen , Guvendiren Murat 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Embedded bioprinting is an emerging technology for precise deposition of cell-laden or cell-only bioinks to construct tissue like structures. Bioink is extruded or transferred into a yield stress hydrogel or a microgel support bath allowing print needle motion during printing and providing temporal support for the printed construct. Although this technology has enabled creation of complex tissue structures, it remains a challenge to develop a support bath with user-defined extracellular mimetic cues and their spatial and temporal control. This is crucial to mimic the dynamic nature of the native tissue to better regenerate tissues and organs. To address this, we present a bioprinting approach involving printing of a photocurable viscous support layer and bioprinting of a cell-only or cell-laden bioink within this viscous layer followed by brief exposure to light to partially crosslink the support layer. This approach does not require shear thinning behavior and is suitable for a wide range of photocurable hydrogels to be used as a support. It enables multi-material printing to spatially control support hydrogel heterogeneity including temporal delivery of bioactive cues (e.g. growth factors), and precise patterning of dense multi-cellular structures within these hydrogel supports. Here, dense stem cell aggregates are printed within methacrylated hyaluronic acid-based hydrogels with patterned heterogeneity to spatially modulate human mesenchymal stem cell osteogenesis. This study has significant impactions on creating tissue interfaces (e.g. osteochondral tissue) in which spatial control of extracellular matrix properties for patterned stem cell differentiation is crucial.
A review on potential use of cerium oxide and doped cerium oxide as high dielectric constant seed layers for overgrowth of cerium oxide nanostructures
Authors: Nsar Saad Milad Ali , Hassan Zainuriah , Cheong Kuan Yew , Foong Lim Way 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
In this review, an introduction to nanostructured films focusing on cerium oxide (CeO2) as high dielectric constant (k) material for silicon-based metal-oxide-semiconductor devices, and subsequently background of using low k silicon dioxide as well as the transition to high k materials was presented. Moreover, the properties of CeO2 in general and the applications of CeO2 and doped CeO2 films as high k passivation layers were reviewed. The beneficial effect of using CeO2 seed layers on the characteristics of CeO2 nanostructures was discussed. Moreover, challenges faced by CeO2 and the potential of doping trivalent cations into the CeO2 lattice for enhancement of passivation properties were thoroughly discussed.
PSF and MTF from a bar pattern in digital mammography
Authors: Lozano F R , Rojo Daniel , Martínez L C , Ramon Carlos 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background. The MTF has difficulties being determined (according to the provisions of the IEC standards) in the hospital setting due to the lack of resources. Purpose. The objective of this work is to propose a quantitative method for obtaining the point spread function (PSF) and the modulation transfer function (MTF) of a digital mammography system from an image of a bar pattern. Methods. The method is based on the measurement of the contrast transfer function (CTF) of the system over the image of the bar pattern. In addition, a theoretical model for the PSF is proposed, from which the theoretical CTF of the system is obtained by means of convolution with a square wave (mathematical simulation of the bar pattern). Through an iterative process, the free parameters of the PSF model are varied until the experimental CTF coincides with the one calculated by convolution. Once the PSF of the system is obtained, we calculate the MTF by means of its Fourier transform. The MTF calculated from the model PSF have been compared with those calculated from an image of a 65 μm diameter gold wire using an oversampling process. Results. The CTF has been calculated for three digital mammographic systems (DMS 1, DMS 2 and DMS 3), no differences of more than 5 % were found with the CTF obtained with the PSF model. The comparison of the MTF shows us the goodness of the PSF model. Conclusions. The proposed method for obtaining PSF and MTF is a simple and accessible method, which does not require a complex configuration or the use of phantoms that are difficult to access in the hospital world. In addition, it can be used to calculate other magnitudes of interest such as the normalized noise power spectrum (NNPS) and the detection quantum efficiency (DQE).
Investigation on FDM process parameters for the dimensional accuracy with ABS polymer part
Authors: Singh Aarti , Bhardwaj Tarun , Saini Puneet , Gangil Namrata , Singh Dinesh Kumar 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The accuracy of manufactured parts holds paramount importance in product assembly. Among various additive manufacturing (AM) techniques, fused deposition modeling (FDM) stands out for its emphasis on accuracy, surface quality, and precision. Hitherto, some investigations have been conducted on dimensional accuracy which are limited to few geometrical shapes and remains inadequately explored. This study adopts an experimental approach to investigate the influence of FDM printing parameters including build orientation (BO), layer thickness (LT), and infill density (ID) on the dimensional accuracy of ABS polymer printed benchmark. Taguchi’s L9 orthogonal array is utilized to assess the correlation between the chosen FDM process parameters and the obtained responses. Measurements of deviations of the printed parts are conducted using a vision measuring machine (VMM) and analyzed employing the ‘nominal-is-the-best’ method. In this study, the most influencing parameter is changing as the geometrical shapes vary. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) is performed to examine the adequacy of the model, considering p-values less than 0.05 at 95% confidence level. The model is found adequate for all the dimensions of the benchmark. The study concludes that the parameter setting will vary with the changes in features. This study will pave the way in selecting the process parameters to get the desired dimensional accuracy for improving the quality of critical applications like prototyping and functional end-use manufacturing.
Self-consistent autocorrelation for finite-area bias correction in roughness measurement
Authors: Nečas D 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Scan line levelling, a ubiquitous and often necessary step in AFM data processing, can cause a severe bias on measured roughness parameters such as mean square roughness or correlation length. Although bias estimates have been formulated, they aimed mainly at assessing the severity of the problem for individual measurements. Practical bias correction methods are still missing. This work exploits the observation that the bias of autocorrelation function (ACF) can be expressed in terms of the function itself, permitting a self-consistent formulation. From this two correction approaches are developed, both with the aim to obtain convenient formulae which can be easily applied in practice. The first modifies standard analytical models of ACF to incorporate, in expectation, the bias and thus actually match the data the models are used to fit. The second inverts the relation between true and estimated ACF to realise a model-free correction. Both are tested using simulated and experimental data and found effective, reducing the total error of roughness parameters several times in the typical cases.
‘Holy, safe, and sweet, and durable’
Authors: Harris Johanna 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
It has been suggested that Richard Baxter had a jaundiced conception of human friendship, an idea largely drawing on Baxter’s reflections on intimate and ‘bosom’ friendship in his pastoral aid, A Christian Directory (1673). Building on N. H. Keeble’s assertions to the contrary, that Baxter had ‘a genius for friendship’, this chapter extends a positive account of Baxter’s friendships to develop a multifaceted conception of friendship in his writings that was both classical and reformed, and which built upon and helped to shape a Puritan literary tradition of friendship. The chapter explores Baxter’s accounts of his real experiences of friendship through his correspondence, autobiography, and dedicatory epistles to friends.
Encapsulation of silver nanoplates into poly(lactic-co-glycolic) acid nanoparticles and the antibacterial activity against intracellular bacteria
Authors: Nawata Ryoko , Maruyama Sayo , Xu Wei , Niidome Takuro 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
We encapsulated silver nanoplates (AgNPLs) into poly(lactic-co-glycolic) acid (PLGA) nanoparticles. The encapsulation stabilized the AgNPLs in a physiological environment and the antibacterial activity of the AgNPLs against planktonic bacteria was reduced. However, the PLGA nanoparticles encapsulating the AgNPLs were internalized into macrophages and showed antibacterial activity against intracellular bacteria. AgNPL-loaded PLGA nanoparticles are promising for treating intractable infectious diseases caused by bacteria-infecting macrophages.
A genetic screen of transcription factors in the Drosophila melanogaster abdomen identifies novel pigmentation genes
Authors: Petrosky Sarah J , Williams Thomas M , Rebeiz Mark 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Gene regulatory networks specify the gene expression patterns needed for traits to develop. Differences in these networks can result in phenotypic differences between organisms. Although loss-of-function genetic screens can identify genes necessary for trait formation, gain-of-function screens can overcome genetic redundancy and identify loci whose expression is sufficient to alter trait formation. Here, we leveraged transgenic lines from the Transgenic RNAi Project at Harvard Medical School to perform both gain- and loss-of-function CRISPR/Cas9 screens for abdominal pigmentation phenotypes. We identified measurable effects on pigmentation patterns in the Drosophila melanogaster abdomen for 21 of 55 transcription factors in gain-of-function experiments and 7 of 16 tested by loss-of-function experiments. These included well-characterized pigmentation genes, such as bab1 and dsx, and transcription factors that had no known role in pigmentation, such as slp2. Finally, this screen was partially conducted by undergraduate students in a Genetics Laboratory course during the spring semesters of 2021 and 2022. We found this screen to be a successful model for student engagement in research in an undergraduate laboratory course that can be readily adapted to evaluate the effect of hundreds of genes on many different Drosophila traits, with minimal resources.
The genetic architecture of dog ownership: large-scale genome-wide association study in 97,552 European-ancestry individuals
Authors: Gong Tong , Karlsson Robert , Yao Shuyang , Magnusson Patrik K E , Ajnakina Olesya , Steptoe Andrew , Bhatta Laxmi , Brumpton Ben , Kumar Ashish , Mélen Erik ,   23andMe research team, Aslibekyan Stella , Auton Adam , Babalola Elizabeth , Bell Robert K , Bielenberg Jessica , Bryc Katarzyna , Bullis Emily , Coker Daniella , Partida Gabriel Cuellar , Dhamija Devika , Das Sayantan , Elson Sarah L , Eriksson Nicholas , Filshtein Teresa , Fitch Alison , Fletez-Brant Kipper , Fontanillas Pierre , Freyman Will , Granka Julie M , Heilbron Karl , Hernandez Alejandro , Hicks Barry , Hinds David A , Jewett Ethan M , Jiang Yunxuan , Kukar Katelyn , Kwong Alan , Lin Keng-Han , Llamas Bianca A , Lowe Maya , McCreight Jey C , McIntyre Matthew H , Micheletti Steven J , Moreno Meghan E , Nandakumar Priyanka , Nguyen Dominique T , Noblin Elizabeth S , O'Connell Jared , Petrakovitz Aaron A , Poznik G David , Reynoso Alexandra , Schumacher Morgan , Shastri Anjali J , Shelton Janie F , Shi Jingchunzi , Shringarpure Suyash , Su Qiaojuan Jane , Tat Susana A , Tchakouté Christophe Toukam , Tran Vinh , Tung Joyce Y , Wang Xin , Wang Wei , Weldon Catherine H , Wilton Peter , Wong Corinna D , Lin Keng-Han , Tian Chao , Fall Tove , Almqvist Catarina 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Dog ownership has been associated with several complex traits, and there is evidence of genetic influence. We performed a genome-wide association study of dog ownership through a meta-analysis of 31,566 Swedish twins in 5 discovery cohorts and an additional 65,986 European-ancestry individuals in 3 replication cohorts from Sweden, Norway, and the United Kingdom. Association tests with &gt;7.4 million single-nucleotide polymorphisms were meta-analyzed using a fixed effect model after controlling for population structure and relatedness. We identified 2 suggestive loci using discovery cohorts, which did not reach genome-wide significance after meta-analysis with replication cohorts. Single-nucleotide polymorphism-based heritability of dog ownership using linkage disequilibrium score regression was estimated at 0.123 (CI 0.038–0.207) using the discovery cohorts and 0.018 (CI −0.002 to 0.039) when adding in replication cohorts. Negative genetic correlation with complex traits including type 2 diabetes, depression, neuroticism, and asthma was only found using discovery summary data. Furthermore, we did not identify any genes/gene-sets reaching even a suggestive level of significance. This genome-wide association study does not, by itself, provide clear evidence on common genetic variants that influence dog ownership among European-ancestry individuals.
Integrated analysis of colorectal cancer metastasis identifies characteristics of tumor cell during metastasis
Authors: Fu Haoyu , Lu Xiaohuan , Ji Tiantian , Wang Liping , Wang Guobin , Wang Lin , Wang Zheng 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background
Metastasis is the main cause of death in colorectal cancer (CRC). Metastasis is a sequential and dynamic process, but the development of tumor cells during this process is unclear. In this study, we aimed to reveal characteristics of tumor cell subset during CRC metastasis.

Methods
Single-cell RNA sequence CRC data of normal epithelium, non-metastatic primary tumor, metastatic primary tumor, and liver metastases from gene expression omnibus (GEO) dataset were analyzed to reveal characteristics of CRC metastasis. Primary tumor tissues of three non-metastatic CRC and three metastatic CRC patients from Union Hospital of Tongji Medical College (Wuhan, China) were used to verify the characteristics of CRC metastasis.

Results
We identified a metastasis-related cancer cell subset EP1, which was characterized with a high expression of KRT17, LAMC2, EMP1, and PLAC8. EP1 had an enhanced cell–cell interaction, which interacted with SPP+ macrophages and drove them toward anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive phenotype. Dynamic changes in genes and TF regulons during the metastasis were also revealed.

Conclusions
This study advanced our understanding of the development of tumor cells during CRC metastasis and further identified metastasis-related subset and potential therapeutic targets for the treatment and prevention of CRC metastasis.
State Creation Out of Bounds? Pro-Russian Separatists,Da’esh, and (Liberal) International Order-ing
Authors: Grzybowski Janis 
Published: May 2024

AbstractDebates about the politics of state creation and recognition and about the supposed crisis of the “liberal international order” intersect where new state creations are regarded as challenges to the (liberal) international order. Cases in point are the secessionist bids of pro-Russian separatists in Ukraine and their recognition, support, and incorporation by Russia, as well as the even more widely rejected claim of the self-declared Islamic State, or Da’esh, to establish a transnational caliphate across Iraq and Syria. Yet this contribution argues that the claims and contestations articulated in these extreme cases point to ongoing (liberal) international order-ing, rather than its demise. For one, the broadly liberal international law of state creation based on rights and rules has always been inherently contradictory, drawing boundaries to state-making “out of bounds” contingently. For another, the challengers themselves take an ambiguous position vis-à-vis the liberal and international orders that they defy. Russia has justified its recognition of Ukrainian separatists in terms of self-determination under international law, and Da’esh has emulated the modern territorial state that it set out to abolish. The contribution thus shows how contested state creations “out of bounds” also invoke, mimic, and animate the (liberal) international order that they challenge.
Rethinking the legal test for excessive pricing: insights from the landmark UK CMA v Pfizer/Flynn Case and its legal implications
Authors: Marinova Miroslava 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The legal treatment of excessive pricing in the pharmaceutical sector has been a topic of intense debate. This article examines the UK Competition and Market Authority (CMA) approach in the Pfizer/Flynn case and the subsequent appeal. It explores the implications of the Courts’ findings on the CMA’s latest investigations. The article criticizes the UK Courts for imposing unnecessarily high burden on the CMA, which will likely impose additional burdens on future investigators. The analysis also suggests that the cost-plus test conducted by the CMA is a very advanced methodology that can provide different benchmarks not only for assessing the excessiveness but also for assessing the unfairness under the 2-fold United Brands test.
Rare adrenal incidentaloma: ganglioneuroma
Authors: Daghdagh Yassine , Safwate Reda , Doumer Abderrahmane , Moataz Amine , Dakir Mohamed , Debbagh Adil , Aboutaieb Rachid , Mellouki Abd , Benayad Samira , Karkouri Mehdi 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Ganglioneuroma (GN) is a rare, benign neurogenic tumor that develops from sympathetic ganglion cells. It occurs mainly in the retroperitoneal region. Adrenal localization is rare. We report a case of adrenal ganglioneuroma in a 22-year-old woman with no previous history of the disease. The tumor was discovered incidentally on an entero scan ordered as part of the etiological assessment for chronic diarrhea. The diagnosis was confirmed by pathological examination.
Cecal bascule presenting as internal hernia
Authors: Tian Jane , English Hannah , Bhatia Shubham , Mourad Youssef , Louis Martine A , Khan Norman 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Cecal bascule, a rare subtype of cecal volvulus, presents diagnostic and management challenges. We report a case of cecal bascule presenting as an internal hernia in a 68-year-old male with no surgical history. Computed tomography revealed two areas of mesenteric swirling and a displaced cecum. Prompt surgical intervention included laparoscopic exploration, resection of a necrotic adhesive band, and cecopexy. This case is noteworthy because of the absence of predisposing factors like prior surgeries or inflammatory conditions. Management options for cecal bascule include resection and cecopexy, tailored to individual patient factors. Awareness among healthcare providers is crucial for the timely recognition and appropriate management of such cases. Further research is needed to refine management strategies and improve outcomes for these rare but potentially life-threatening conditions.
Successful liver transplantation as rescue therapy in a patient with metastases from a vasoactive intestinal peptide producing neuroendocrine tumor
Authors: Andreassen Mikkel , Garbyal Rajendra Singh , Larsen Peter Nørgaard , Hansen Carsten Palnæs , Hannibal Jens , Oturai Peter , Knigge Ulrich , Schultz Nicolai 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
This case report presents a 40-year-old patient with a vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) secreting high grade (Ki-67 39%) neuroendocrine tumor (NET) from the pancreas, for whom successful liver transplantation (LT) was carried out 8 years after resection of the primary tumor due to massive liver metastases. The transplantation was done as rescue therapy due to rapid progression and a devastating clinical condition requiring intravenous supplementation for 20 hours daily. The latest imaging carried out 18 months after transplantation is without signs of recurrence, and the patient is in good health with undetectable levels of VIP. According to the guidelines, LT is only recommended if Ki-67 is &lt;20% and if there has been tumor control for more than 6 months prior to transplantation. Our case illustrates that LT is an option that should be considered for selected NET patients without extrahepatic involvement regardless of tumor grade and clinical condition.
Heterotopic pancreas in Meckel’s diverticulum causing perforation in an infant: a case report
Authors: Zhou Junjie , Zhang Hongbin , Xiang Qianming , Dong Fabiao , Sun Luyun 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Perforation of Meckel’s diverticulum caused by heterotopic pancreas is a rare condition. Despite recent improvements in imaging studies, Meckel”'s diverticulitis and heterotopic pancreas are difficult to diagnose preoperatively and are often diagnosed during autopsy or laparotomy. Symptomatic patients are typically &gt;1 year, and cases of infants displaying symptoms are rarely reported. We report a rare case of heterotopic pancreas in Meckel’s diverticulum causing perforation in an infant. In cases of infants presenting with unexplained acute abdominal pain, there should be a high index of suspicion for congenital gastrointestinal malformations. Prompt action in the form of exploratory laparotomy or laparoscopy is crucial to prevent the escalation of complications and to definitively confirm the diagnosis.
Brachydactyly type B: a rare case report and literature review
Authors: AbuHaweeleh Mohannad Natheef , Ahmed Mohamed Badie , Al-Mohannadi Fatima Saoud , Mohamed Massoud Daw , AlSherawi Abeer 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Brachydactyly is a genetic condition leading to shortened or absent digits in hands or feet. It can occur independently or as part of syndromes. This case focuses on Brachydactyly type B, the rarest form. An 8-month-old from the Philippines was referred due to a missing third toe. Examination revealed a hypoplastic left third toe. X-rays confirmed the finding. Treatment options were discussed, including conservative therapy and follow up. Diagnosis involved history, examination, and imaging. Prenatal diagnosis is limited for isolated cases but useful for syndromic forms if a family mutation is known. Prognosis varies depending on the severity and associated syndromes. Currently there is no definitive treatment; management involves genetic counseling and therapy. Due to limited cases, Type B is underreported, highlighting the need for more research into its genetics.
Immunoglobulin G4-related sclerosing mastitis: an unexpected diagnosis for a breast mass
Authors: Koutsogeorgopoulou Loukia , Damaskos Christos , Garmpis Nikolaos , Effraimidou Eleni I , Psilopatis Iason , Garmpi Anna , Vrettou Kleio , Nikolettos Konstantinos , Nonni Afroditi 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Immunoglobulin G4-related disease is an immune-mediated condition comprised of a number of various disorders sharing unique pathologic, serologic, and clinical features. Diagnosis of immunoglobulin G4-related sclerosing mastitis is challenging as the clinical and imaging findings mimic breast malignancies or other types of inflammatory mastitis. Herein, we describe a case of a female patient with a painless palpable mass in her right breast. An excisional core biopsy led to the rare diagnosis of immunoglobulin G4-related sclerosing mastitis, and the patient received steroid treatment for a month. To date, the patient has remained disease-free without any recurrence. As immunoglobulin G4-related sclerosing mastitis is a very rare disease, further studies are needed to reach conclusions about the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of this entity.