bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
HPV‐Positive Outcomes in an Access to Care Laryngeal Squamous Cell Cancer Cohort
Authors: Stephen Josena K. , Mei Lu , Harvard Shaleta , Gardner Glendon M. , Chen Kang‐Mei , Schweitzer Vanessa , Worsham Maria J. 
Published: September 2011

ObjectiveOncogenic human papillomavirus (HPV) has been established as a causative agent for 25% of head and neck squamous cell cancer (HNSCC), including laryngeal squamous cell cancer (LSCC). HPV‐positive oropharyngeal patients have improved prognosis. We determined outcomes in LSCC in the context of HPV infection.MethodSeventy‐nine primary LSCC were examined for 21 risk factors. HPV status was determined using real‐time quantitative PCR. Chi‐square/Fisher exact test were used to test association of HPV‐positive with the other risk factors. Kaplan‐Meier and log rank test were used to study the risk of HPV‐positive status for overall survival.ResultsHPV‐16 was detected in 21 out of 77 (27%) primary LSCC, 16% (5/32) African American (AA) and 33% (15/45) Caucasian American (CA). Significance between race and HPV status was marginal (P =. 058). HPV‐positive status was significantly associated with male gender (P =. 017) and insurance type (P =. 001). HPV‐positive LSCC had longer median survival (6.64 years) when compared with HPV‐negative (6.25 years), but was not significant.ConclusionWe found high prevalence of HPV in males vs females and lower prevalence of HPV infection in AA vs CA. Larger multi‐ethnic LSCC cohorts are needed to more clearly delineate HPV‐related survival outcomes across ethnicities.
Cartilage Tissue Engineering: Implications for Microtia Reconstruction
Authors: Dahl John P. , Pappa Andrew , Madan Gitanjali , Caballero Montserrat , van Aalst John , Shockley William W. 
Published: September 2011

ObjectiveNanofiber‐supported, in vitro‐generated cartilage may represent an optimal starting material for the development of a cartilage implant for use in microtia reconstruction. We aim to characterize the molecular composition of endogenous auricular cartilage and determine if human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUCMSCs) can be differentiated into cartilage in vitro.MethodHuman ear cartilage from normal adults, patients with microtia, and pediatric patients with preauricular appendages were analyzed for collagen I, II, and X, and elastin expression. In parallel, hUCMSCs were cultured on nanofiber scaffolds for 21 days under chondrogenic conditions. Cells were harvested for histologic, biochemical, and quantitative PCR analysis.ResultsHistologic analysis of human ear cartilage revealed similar levels and distribution of collagens I, X, and elastin. Collagen II was not highly expressed in the microtia samples (P ≤. 0001). hUCMSC cultures stained positively for glycosaminosglycans and sulfated proteoglycans. Compared with control cells, hUCMSCs grown on PLGA nanofiber scaffolds had more extensive glycosaminosglycan production (P ≤. 03), a higher differentiation index (P ≤. 02), and higher levels of collagen X mRNA expression (P ≤. 005).ConclusionThese data provide information regarding the composition of endogenous ear cartilage and suggest that hUCMSCs grown on PLGA nanofiber scaffolds may represent an optimal starting material for the development of a cartilage implant for use in microtia reconstruction.
Novel MicroRNA miR‐923 Is Dysregulated in Primary LSCC
Authors: Mei Chen Kang , Stephen Josena K. , Harvard Shaleta , Gardner Glendon M. , Schweitzer Vanessa , Shah Veena , Worsham Maria J. 
Published: September 2011

ObjectiveMicroRNAs (miRNAs) are endogenous, small, noncoding RNAs of 17 to 25 nucleotides that regulate approximately 30% of human genes. They are differentially expressed in various types of cancers compared with noncancerous tissues, suggesting that they may have crucial roles in tumorigenesis. The objective of this study was to discover LSCC‐specific miRNAs.MethodGlobal miRNA profiling (800 human miRNAs plus 10 endogenous control miRNAs) was performed on 8 formalin‐fixed archival LSCC samples and 5 normal laryngeal squamous epithelium (HTG, Tucson, AZ, USA). Quantitative real‐time PCR (qRT‐PCR) approach was employed to verify expression status of selected miRNAs that were significantly different from normal controls.ResultsThirty‐one of the 800 human miRNAs were significantly differentially expressed (P <. 05) between LSCC vs normal tissues. Selected miRNAs (miR‐31, miR‐193b, miR‐663b, miR‐923, and miR‐1826), by qRT‐PCR, verified expression of consistently upregulated miR‐31 and miR‐193b as well as differentially expressed miR‐663b, miR‐923, and miR‐1826. Dysregulation of miR‐923 was newly observed and showed upregulation in 3 out of 8 and downregulation in 5 out of 8 LSCC.ConclusionWe have identified a group of 31 aberrantly expressed miRNAs in LSCC. miR‐923 has not been previously reported in HNSCC, including LSCC. Further detailed examinations of this miRNA will provide opportunities to dissect the complex molecular abnormalities driving LSCC.
Proteomic Analysis of Decellularized Tissue Engineered Laryngeal‐Tracheal Scaffolds
Authors: Butler Colin , Hsuan Justin , Beaumont Nick , Janes Sam , Ansari Tahera , Birchall Martin 
Published: September 2011

ObjectiveThe clinical success of a fully tissue‐engineered tracheal transplant has indicated that there may be more to using decellularized tissue as a scaffold construct. It has been hypothesized that remnant polypeptides reside in these matrices. We sought to determine the proteome profile of a decellularized laryngeal‐tracheal scaffold construct.MethodA laryngeal‐tracheal construct was fabricated using standard decellularization protocols and underwent immunohistochemistry, electron microscopy, biomechanical analysis, and qPCR for total DNA content. Samples from anatomical subsites were prepared for proteomic analysis. Tandem mass‐spectrometry (LC‐MS/MS) was used to identify peptide sequences and validated using multicolor immunohistochemistry and western blotting.ResultsDecellularization of laryngea‐tracheal scaffold airway construct effectively removed cells, MHC components, and DNA while maintaining similar biomechanical properties to native (nondecellularized) tissue. We identified variable expression of polypeptides in the anatomical subsites of the airway scaffold construct. A minimum core set of polypeptides was identified with a subset of proteins with putative roles beyond structural integrity. Of particular interest were small molecular weight polypeptides known to have significant roles in epithelialization and angiogenesis.ConclusionWe demonstrate that mass spectrometry can be used as a tool to accurately identify residual proteins in a laryngeal‐tracheal scaffold. The identification of signaling proteins may be of crucial importance in designing the next generation of “intelligent” off‐the‐shelf scaffolds.
Symptoms of Laryngopharyngeal Reflux: Is It Really Reflux?
Authors: Friedman Michael , Kelley Kanwar , Fischer Michelle , Taylor David , Maley Alex 
Published: September 2011

Objective1) Report the accuracy of subjective Reflux Symptom Index scores (RSI) and objective Reflux Finding Scores (RFS) in identifying patients with laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR) using ambulatory pH monitoring as confirmation. 2) Present clinical recommendations for the use of subjective and objective tools in the diagnosis of LPR.MethodRetrospective chart review of 300 adult outpatients from January 3, 2009 to December 30, 2010 in a tertiary care setting. Patients with a diagnosis of LPR based on abnormal RSI and positive findings on laryngeal endoscopic examination using RFS were tested for confirmation with a 24‐hour oropharyngeal pH study using the Restech Dx‐pH system.ResultsAmong 300 consecutive patients with an RSI score >5, 58.6% were confirmed to have reflux after undergoing 24‐hour oropharyngeal pH‐monitoring. Of these 300 patients, 146 had an RFS score >5. Among patients with a RSI >5 and a RFS 5 and RFS>5 the positive predictive value (PPV) increased to 71.9% (105 of 146). Therefore, when combined, an RSI>5 and RFS>5 yields significantly higher PPV than RSI alone.ConclusionPatients with clinical signs and symptoms of LPR based on RSI alone do not demonstrate significant positive predictive value when confirmed with oropharyngeal pH testing, but predictive value is increased greatly when RSI and RSF are combined.
The Effect of Nebulized Normal Saline for Postoperative Pain following Therapeutic Microlaryngoscopy
Authors: Das‐Purkayastha Prodip K. , Scott Maskell , Harries Mereddyd 
Published: September 2011

ObjectiveCompare the effectiveness of immediate postoperative nebulized saline, following a therapeutic microlaryngoscopy, for pain relief.MethodForty patients undergoing microlaryngoscopy were blindly randomized into 2 groups. Twenty‐one patients received no immediate postoperative nebulizers, and 19 patients received nebulized saline. Following surgery a blinded observer assessed pain related to the procedure using a visual analogue scale at 1, 2, and 4 hours.ResultsAge of patients, size of lesions, and postoperative pain were recorded and statistically analyzed. The age of the patients in either group was not statistically significant. The size of lesions operated on in each group was not statistically significant. The pain at 1 hour and 2 hours postoperation were both statistically highly significant.ConclusionThe results of our randomized controlled trial have shown that following a therapeutic microlaryngoscopy, by immediately administering nebulized normal saline, pain can be easily and safely reduced.
Transoral CO2 Laser‐Resection of Early Laryngeal Cancer
Authors: Csanády Miklós , Czigner Jenö , Jóri József 
Published: September 2011

ObjectiveAuthors report their experience (1987‐2010) with transoral CO2 laser surgery of early glottic and supraglottic cancer. A total of 375 laser cordectomies were performed in 324 patients with Tis‐T2 vocal cord tumors, and 63 patients with T1, T2 supraglottic tumour underwent transoral supraglottic laser resection.MethodLaser cordectomy of Tis (21), T1a (179), T1b (57), and T2‐3 (32) tumors and supraglottic laser resection of 40 epiglottis (36 T1, 4 T1N1), 4 vestibular fold (T1), 13 vallecula (10 T2, 3 T2N1), and 6 aryepiglottic fold (3 T2, 3 T2N1) tumors with 10 ND was evaluated.ResultsThere was no recurrence after a single laser cordectomy in 87.5% of the patients (253/289 patients). Laser‐specific survival is 92.7% (268/289). Five‐year survival is 92.2% (214/232). “Local recurrence” was found in 36 of 289 patients (12.5%). In the supraglottic group, 47 patients are free of tumor after primary laser excision so far. Sixteen patients with local recurrence underwent salvage treatments. Late neck metastasis required 5 radical neck dissections (RND). Tumor‐free survival is 75%. Survival after salvage therapy is 98%. The voice improved during the healing.ConclusionTransoral CO2 laser surgery of the early vocal cord and supraglottic cancer proved to be a primary treatment option with success: good oncological and acceptable functional results.
Association between Hepatitis B and Hearing Status
Authors: Shayaninasab Mohammad , Alizamir Azam , Fatoloomi Mohammad Reza 
Published: September 2011

ObjectiveViral diseases are one of the common causes of hearing loss. Inner ear may be involved directly or by secondary reaction (eg, poly arthritis nodosa). This goal was to investigate the relation between positive HBS‐Ag (hepatitis B disease) and hearing loss.MethodThis case‐study research was done on 95 hepatitis B patients as case group and 97 normal cases as control group. They were selected sequentially, and audiologic tests were performed on them. The hearing thresholds of the 2 groups were compared using t test.ResultsAccording to our audiometry results, pure tone average (mean thresholds of 500, 1000, and 2000 Hz) were 22.1 dB for left ear and 23.95 dB for right ear in the hepatitis B group, and 8.4 dB for left ear and 8.95 dB for right ear in the control group (HBSAg negative). Difference between 2 groups was statistically significant, with P <. 05.ConclusionThe results show that hepatitis B patients are more prone to hearing loss. In other words, hepatitis B disease can cause hearing loss. This study suggests that hepatitis B prophylaxis is important in decreasing hepatitis B involvement and, therefore, hearing loss.
Audiovestibular Dysfunction Associated with Adoptive Cell Therapy for Melanoma
Authors: Seaman Bradley J. , Guardiani Elizabeth , Zalewski Christopher K. , Kim Hung Jeff J. , Brewer Carmen C. , Vanwaes Carter 
Published: September 2011

Objective1) Understand the audiologic and vestibular toxicity associated with Adoptive Cell Therapy (ACT) for melanoma, which utilizes T‐cells engineered with receptors to target the tumor‐associated antigens MART‐1 and gp100. 2) Investigate the use of intratympanic steroid injections in the treatment of audiovestibular dysfunction associated with ACT for melanoma.MethodRetrospective review of 33 patients with metastatic melanoma nonresponsive to conventional therapy who underwent ACT with modified T‐cells targeting MART‐1 (n = 19) or gp100 (n = 14) from 2007 to 2008. All patients received serial audiometric testing. Vestibular testing was performed on patients with vestibular complaints. Patients with significant hearing loss received intratympanic steroid injections.ResultsOut of 33 patients, 16 had no hearing loss, 9 had mild hearing loss, and 8 had moderate hearing loss posttreatment. Ten patients received intratympanic steroid injections for mild (n = 3) or moderate (n = 7) hearing loss. Of those with mild hearing loss all but one recovered fully. Five of 8 patients with moderate hearing loss recovered to baseline hearing levels and 3 had partial recovery. There was vestibular dysfunction in 7 patients who underwent vestibular testing, one recovered fully, and the others showed partial recovery or no recovery. The number of modified T‐cells infused for therapy correlated with the degree of audiovestibular deficit.ConclusionACT targeting pigmented cell antigens is a novel therapy for melanoma that is associated with hearing loss and vestibular dysfunction. The presumed mechanism of autoimmune attack on normal melanocytes in the stria vascularis of the cochlea and vestibular organs demonstrates the importance of melanocytes in normal inner ear function.
Biofilm in Human Temporal Bones with Otogenic Meningitis
Authors: Yildirim‐Baylan Muzeyyen , Schachern Patricia A. , Cureoglu Suanar M. , Meric Faruk , Paparella Michael M. , Cureoglu Sebahattin , Yoda Shigetoshi 
Published: September 2011

ObjectiveTo detect biofilm structures in the temporal bones (TB) with otogenic meningitis.MethodTwenty‐two TB from 12 patients with otogenic meningitis and 27 TB from 17 patients with otitis media without meningitis were histopathologically examined. The presence, the amount, and localization of biofilm, fluid, and pathologic diagnosis have been noted. Data were compared between the groups with and without otogenic meningitis.ResultsBiofilm formation has been observed in 19 of 22 TB with otogenic meningitis group and 7 of 27 TB with otitis media/without otogenic meningitis group (P. 05). The most common localization of biofilm was in the round window, and it was least common in the Eustachian tube. Biofilm was also present in other areas, including the oval window, facial recess, sinus tympani, mastoid, and inner ear.ConclusionBiofilm is a very frequent finding in patients with otogenic meningitis. It seems that the eradication of the biofilm from the hidden areas of the middle ear cleft could be important to prevent any complications such as meningitis.
Biofilm in Human Temporal Bones with Pneumococcal Otitis Media
Authors: Yildirim‐Baylan Muzeyyen , Schachern Patricia A. , Cureoglu Suanar M. , Topcu Ismail , Paparella Michael M. , Cureoglu Sebahattin , Tsuprun Vladimir , Juhn Steven K. 
Published: September 2011

ObjectiveEvaluate biofilm formation in the middle ear and mastoid and correlate the clinical data with the histopathologic findings in human temporal bones (TB) from patients with Streptococcus pneumonia positive chronic otitis media (COM).MethodThirty‐seven TB from 20 cases with COM were selected based on positive blood cultures for Streptococcus pneumonia. The presence, amount, and localization of biofilm, and fluid, type of inflammatory cells, labyrinthitis, use of antibiotics, and coinfection of H influenza were noted. Data were compared between the groups with/without biofilm.ResultsBiofilms were observed in 22 (59%) of the 37 TB with COM. The most common anatomic localization of biofilm was facial recess, the least common was the Eustachian tube. When comparing biofilm positive and negative groups there was statistical significance in the correlation regarding type of inflammatory cells (P. 05).ConclusionThere is higher incidence of biofilm in chronic otitis media with pneumococcal infection. Because biofilms can be found more commonly in obscure areas such as facial recess and sinus tympany and less localized in well aerated areas such as the Eustachian tube, radical cleaning of those areas and optimum aeration seem essential to avoid recurrence of infection.
Body Stabilization in Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo
Authors: Kasse Cristiane A. , Barreiro Fatima Branco , Santana Graziela , Gazzola Juliana , Dona Flavia , Scharlach Renata Coelho 
Published: September 2011

ObjectiveEvaluate the influence of Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo (BPPV) in the balance control of the elderly after Epley’s maneuver and understand whether a reposition maneuver is enough to recover balance control.MethodProspective study of 33 elderly patients with vertical canal BPPV seen in a tertiary center. Dizziness Handicap Inventory (DHI) and static posturography were determined before and after Epley’s maneuver. The parameters of the Balance Rehabilitation Unit (BRU) static posturography analyzed were: the limit of stability (LOS) and body sway velocity (VOS).ResultsThe DHI total and the subscale scores improved (P =. 001) after the treatment in all aspects. There was statistically significant improvement of the LOS pre‐ and posttreatment (P =. 001). Eight of 10 visual‐vestibular stimuli had statistically significant improvement after treatment: with eyes closed (P =. 001); over foam and eyes closed (P =. 002); saccadic stimulation (P =. 043); horizontal optokinetic stimulation (P =. 015); 2 different verticaloptokinetic stimulations (P =. 003, P =. 009); two different visual‐vestibular stimulations (P =. 003, P =. 047). The VOS showed statistical significance after treatment for eyes closed (P =. 001); on foam and eyes closed (P =. 005); horizontal optokinetic stimulus (P =. 042); vertical optokinetic stimulus (P =. 027); horizontal visual vestibular stimulus (P =. 002); vertical visual vestibular stimulus (P =. 018).ConclusionElderly patients with BPPV present impairment of static postural control in vestibular conflicts. The maneuver promotes remission of symptoms, increases the limit of stability, and improves the control of postural balance in the conditions of somatosensory, visual, and visual‐vestibular conflicts.
Can VEMPs Help Differentiate Ménière Disease from Vestibular Migraine?
Authors: Zuniga M. Geraldine , Janky Kristen , Schubert Michael C. , Carey John P. 
Published: September 2011

ObjectiveTo determine if results from cervical vestibular evoked myogenic potential and ocular (oVEMP) testing can help differentiate Ménière’s disease (MD) from vestibular migraine (VM).MethodSubjects: Age‐matched controls (n = 16), unilateral definite MD patients (n = 23), VM patients (n = 9) by Neuhauser’s criteria. Intervention(s): Click and 500‐Hz tone‐evoked c‐ and oVEMPs. VM patients were further classified based on localization of symptoms. Outcome measure(s): CVEMP: corrected peak‐to‐peak amplitudes; oVEMP: n10 amplitudes.ResultsFive VM patients were able to localize their symptoms to one ear. Relative to controls, MD and VM groups both showed reduced click‐evoked cVEMP (P <. 002) and oVEMP (P <. 026) amplitudes. Only the MD group showed reduction in tone‐evoked amplitudes for cVEMP (P =. 011). Tone‐evoked oVEMPs differentiated MD from VM patients (P =. 027), but only for VM patients who did not localize their symptoms to one ear (P =. 013).ConclusionC‐ and oVEMP amplitudes are reduced in response to clicks in VM. 500‐Hz tone‐evoked oVEMPs may differentiate VM patients without localizing ear symptoms from MD, but those with localizing symptoms may have a similar pathophysiology to MD.
Cholesteatoma Localization in the Contralateral Ear
Authors: Rosito Leticia P. S. , Selaimen Fabio A. , Da Costa Sady S. , Dornelles Cristina 
Published: September 2011

ObjectiveAcquired cholesteatoma has been extensively studied. Theories that involve previous tympanic membrane retractions in the cholesteatoma pathogenesis are the most accepted. However we do not know what happens in the contralateral ear. We want to evaluate and compare the localization of acquired cholesteatomas in patients with bilateral disease.MethodThis is a transversal study. We evaluated 1,015 patients with chronic otitis media in at least one ear and no previous surgery between August 2000 and January 2011. Otoendoscopy was carried out and recorded on the affected ear just as in the contralateral, which was classified.ResultsTwo hundred and sixty patients with chronic otitis media with cholesteatoma were included. The mean age was 31.7 years, and 52.7% were male. Cholesteatoma was found in 17% of the contralateral ears. In the case of an epitympanic cholesteatoma in one ear, the cholesteatoma in the other ear was in the same site in 92% of patients. On the other hand, if it was mesotympanic posterior in one ear, the cholesteatoma in the contralateral ear was in the same location in 80%.ConclusionThe results suggest that patients with acquired cholesteatoma have a greater probability of having a cholesteatoma in the same site in the contralateral ear. This corroborates the idea that chronic otitis media with cholesteatoma is not only an isolated event but a constitutional process with a high prevalence of bilaterality.
Does Cleft Palate Width Impact Success of Cleft Repair?
Authors: Morris Lisa M. , Kuang Anna , Milczuk Henry A. , Beaulieu Kameron , Wang Tom , Brockman Janet 
Published: September 2011

ObjectiveCompare surgical and speech outcomes between the double‐opposing Z‐plasty (Furlow) palatoplasty vs the 2‐flap palatoplasty based on the width of the palatal cleft.MethodA prospective study of 232 patients with cleft palate repair from April 1995 to March 2010 at a tertiary care institution. The cleft palate was measured (mm) and repaired with a Furlow or 2‐flap palatoplasty. Outcome measurements include fistula rate and secondary velopharyngeal insufficiency (VPI) repair.ResultsPrimary cleft palate repair was performed on 232 patients by Furlow palatoplasty (n = 96) or 2‐flap palatoplasty (n = 136). Patients were subdivided into 4 groups based on width: Group A 1 to 5 mm (n = 57), Group B 6 to 10 mm (n = 38), Group C 11 to 15 mm (n = 72), Group D 16 to 30 mm (n = 4). Fistula rates increase as the width of the palatal cleft increases. Fistula rates are similar between the Furlow and the 2‐flap palatoplasty for each palatal width, except for clefts greater than 16mm. Two‐flap palatoplasty has a higher rate of velopharyngeal insufficiency for all groups of cleft patients.ConclusionAt our institution the Furlow and 2‐flap methods of palatoplasty have similar fistula rates for all cleft widths; however the Furlow method has decreased risk for subsequent velopharyngeal insufficiency compared with the 2‐flap method. These data should encourage performance of the Furlow palatoplasty whenever feasible.