bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nonwetting, nonrolling, stain resistant polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane coated textiles
Authors: Misra Rahul , Cook Robert D. , Morgan Sarah E. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractCotton/polyester fabric surfaces were modified using nanostructured organic‐inorganic polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) molecules via solution dip coating. Surface wetting characteristics of coatings prepared from two chemically and structurally different POSS molecules, a closed cage fluorinated dodecatrifluoropropyl POSS (FL‐POSS) and an open cage nonfluorinated trisilanolphenyl POSS (Tsp‐POSS), were evaluated with time and compared with Teflon. Surface analysis, including Atomic Force Microscopy, SEM/EDAX, and NMR revealed the presence of POSS aggregates on the fabric surface leading to a spiky topography, high roughness, and hysteresis. POSS coated fabrics showed complete reversal of surface wetting characteristics with contact angles higher than the benchmark Teflon surface. Water contact angle measured as a function of time showed equivalent or better performance for POSS‐coated surfaces in comparison to Teflon. Furthermore, FL‐POSS coated fabric exhibited exceptional stain and acid resistance along with a 38% reduction in relative surface friction. Additionally, “nonsliding” and high surface adhesion behavior of water droplets on the FL‐POSS coated fabric are reported. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2010
Simultaneous determination of itraconazole and hydroxyitraconazole in human plasma by liquid chromatography–isotope dilution tandem mass spectrometry method
Authors: Jia Jing‐ying , Lu Chuan , Liu Gang‐yi , Zhang Meng‐qi , Liu Yan‐mei , Wang Wei , Weng Li‐ping , Li Shui‐jun , Yu Chen 
Published: October 2009

AbstractA rapid and sensitive liquid chromatography–isotope dilution tandem mass spectrometry method was developed and validated for quantification of itraconazole (ITZ) and its active metabolite hydroxyitraconazole (OH‐ITZ ) in human plasma. The plasma samples were extracted with tert‐butyl methyl ether and two isotope‐labeled internal standards (D5‐itraconazole and D5‐hydroxyitraconazole) were used. The chromatographic separation was performed on a Capcell Pak C18 MG III (100 × 2 mm, 5 µm, Shiseido). The protonated ions of analytes were detected in positive ionization in multiple reaction monitoring mode. The plasma method has a lower limit of quantification of 1 ng/mL with a linearity range of 1–500 ng/mL for ITZ and OH‐ITZ using 100 µL of plasma. The recoveries of the method were found to be 69.47–71.98% for ITZ and 75.68–82.52% for OH‐ITZ. The intra‐ and inter‐batch precision was less than 11% for all quality control samples at concentrations of 2.5, 200 and 400 ng/mL. These results indicate that the method was efficient with a short run time (4.5 min) and acceptable accuracy, precision and sensitivity.The validated method was successfully applied to analysis of human plasma samples in pharmacokinetics study. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Application of Aqueous Two‐Phase Systems for the Potential Extractive Fermentation of Cyanobacterial Products
Authors: Chavez‐Santoscoy A. , Benavides J. , Vermaas W. , Rito‐Palomares M. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractThe potential use of aqueous two‐phase systems (ATPS) to establish a viable protocol for the in situ recovery of cyanobacterial products was evaluated. The evaluation of system parameters such as poly (ethylene glycol) (PEG) molecular mass, concentration of PEG and salt was carried out to determine the conditions under which Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 cell and cyanobacterial products, i.e., β‐carotene and lutein, become concentrated in opposite phases. PEG‐phosphate ATPS proved to be unsuitable for the recovery of cyanobacterial products due to the negative effect of the salt upon the cell growth. The use of ATPS PEG‐dextran (6.6 % w/w PEG 3350, 8.4 % w/w dextran 66900, TLL 17.3 % w/w, VR 1.0, pH 7) and (4.22 % w/w PEG 8000, 9.77 % w/w dextran 66900, TLL 18 % w/w, VR 1.0, pH 7) resulted in the growth of cyanobacteria (Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803) and the concentration of lutein in opposite phases. However, β‐carotene was seen to concentrate in the top phase together with the biomass. The results reported here demonstrate the potential application of ATPS to establish the conditions for an extractive fermentation prototype process for the recovery of cyanobacterial products.
Brønsted Acid Catalyzed Morita–Baylis–Hillman Reaction: A New Mechanistic View for Thioureas Revealed by ESI‐MS(/MS) Monitoring and DFT Calculations
Authors: Amarante Giovanni W. , Benassi Mario , Milagre Humberto M. S. , Braga Ataualpa A. C. , Maseras Feliu , Eberlin Marcos N. , Coelho Fernando 
Published: October 2009

AbstractA Morita–Baylis–Hillman (MBH) reaction catalyzed by thiourea was monitored by ESI‐MS(/MS) and key intermediates were intercepted and characterized. These intermediates suggest that thiourea acts as an organocatalyst in all steps of the MBH reaction cycle, including the rate‐limiting proton‐transfer step. DFT calculations, performed for a model MBH reaction between formaldehyde and acrolein with trimethylamine as base and in the presence or the absence of thiourea, suggest that thiourea accelerates MBH reactions by decreasing the transition‐state (TS) energies through bidentate hydrogen bonding throughout the whole catalytic cycle. In the rate‐limiting proton‐transfer step, the thiourea acts not as a proton shuttle, but as a Brønsted acid stabilizing the basic oxygen center that is formed in the TS.
Dötz Benzannulation Reactions: Heteroatom and Substituent Effects in Chromium Fischer Carbene Complexes
Authors: Jimenez‐Halla J. Oscar C. , Solà Miquel 
Published: October 2009

AbstractWe have carried out a theoretical investigation of the Dötz reaction between acetylene and a series of chromium Fischer‐type carbenes [(CO)5CrC(X)R] with different representative substituents (R=CHCH2, Ph) and heteroatom ligands (X=OH, NH2, OCH3, N(CH3)2) by using density functional theory with the B3LYP functional. We have studied the Dötz and chromahexatriene mechanisms of benzannulation and also the reaction mechanism leading to cyclopentannulation. For the benzannulation, it was found that the most likely mechanism in the case of vinylcarbenes is the chromahexatriene route, whereas for phenylcarbenes, the Dötz route via a ketene intermediate is clearly the most favorable. The reactions leading to the cyclopentannulated and benzannulated products are more exothermic with vinylcarbenes than with phenylcarbenes and also more exothermic with alkoxycarbenes than with aminocarbenes. The relative stability of the cyclopentannulated products as compared with the benzannulated products increases for bulkier X substituents and on going from alkoxy‐ to aminocarbenes. The kinetic data concurs with the experimental product distribution found for vinylcarbenes, by which mainly benzannulated products are obtained, and dimethylaminophenylcarbenes, which lead exclusively to cyclopentannulated adducts.
Effect of Mitral Regurgitation on Cerebrovascular Accidents in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation and Left Atrial Thrombus
Authors: Nair Chandra K. , Aronow Wilbert S. , Shen Xuedong , Anand Kishlay , Holmberg Mark J. , Esterbrooks Dennis J 
Published: October 2009

AbstractBackgroundThe effect of mitral regurgitation (MR) on the incidence of new cerebrovascular accidents (CVA) and mortality in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) and left atrial thrombus (LAT) is unknown.ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of MR in patients with AF and LAT on new CVA and mortality.MethodsEighty nine consecutive patients, mean age 71 years, with AF and LAT documented by transesophageal echocardiography were investigated to determine the prevalence and severity of MR and the association of the severity of MR with new cerebrovascular accidents (CVA) and mortality at 34‐mo follow‐up.ResultsOf 89 patients, 1 + MR was present in 23 patients (26%), 2 + MR in 44 patients (50%), 3 + MR in 17 patients (19%), and 4 + MR in 3 patients (4%). Mean follow‐up was 34 ± 28 mo. The Cox proportional hazards model showed that the severity of increased MR did not significantly increase new CVA or mortality at 34‐mo follow‐up. The only variable predictive of mortality was left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), and with every unit increase in LVEF, the risk decreased by 3%.ConclusionMR occurred in 87 of 89 patients (98%) with AF and LAT. There was no association between the severity of MR and the incidence of CVA or mortality. Copyright © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Outcome and prognostic features in pediatric gliomas
Authors: Qaddoumi Ibrahim , Sultan Iyad , Gajjar Amar 
Published: October 2009

AbstractBACKGROUND:Pediatric gliomas are rare and heterogeneous tumors. The Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database allows a large‐scale analysis of the clinical characteristics and prognostic features of these tumors.METHODS:The authors analyzed available SEER data on 6212 patients younger than 20 years at diagnosis of glioma (1973‐2005), according to 4 age categories: <1 year, 1‐3 years, 3‐5 years, and 5‐20 years.RESULTS:The overall 5‐ and 10‐year survival estimates were 71% ± 0.62% (standard error) and 68% ± 0.67%, respectively. Forty‐one percent of gliomas were cerebral; the frequency of cerebellar tumors (22%‐32% of gliomas) increased sharply after the first year of life. Of the tumors for which grade was available, 77% were low grade (grade I or II). Tumor grade emerged as the most significant independent prognostic factor in all age groups except the youngest age group, in which extent of resection was most significant. Surgery other than gross total resection was an adverse prognostic factor (hazard ratio, 2.18; 95% confidence interval, 1.78‐2.67). Age <3 years predicted a greater likelihood of survival in patients with high‐grade gliomas and brainstem tumors. Conversely, age <3 years predicted a lower likelihood of survival in patients with low‐grade gliomas. Children aged <1 year received less radiotherapy than older patients (P < .0001) and were less likely to undergo gross total resection (P < .0001).CONCLUSIONS:The survival of children with gliomas is influenced by histologic subtype, age, and extent of resection. Despite its limitations, the SEER database provides a useful tool for studies of rare tumors such as pediatric gliomas. Cancer 2009. © 2009 American Cancer Society.
Human papillomavirus vaccination in survivors of childhood cancer
Authors: Klosky James L. , Gamble Heather L. , Spunt Sheri L. , Randolph Mary E. , Green Daniel M. , Hudson Melissa M. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractEffective vaccination is now available to prevent human papillomavirus (HPV), the most common sexually transmitted infection and the cause of cervical cancer, which is the second most common cancer among women worldwide. HPV vaccine uptake is particularly important for females surviving cancer, some of whom are at high risk for HPV complications because of the direct and indirect effects of cancer treatment. Thus, version 3.0 of the Children's Oncology Group's Long‐Term Follow‐Up Guidelines for Survivors of Childhood, Adolescent, and Young Adult Cancer recommends HPV vaccination for all eligible females surviving childhood cancer. Because this vaccine was only approved by the US Food and Drug Administration in 2006, little is known regarding the complexity of vaccination uptake among those surviving cancer. The purpose of this article was to describe the HPV vaccine and its usefulness in the survivorship population, provide a rationale for describing cancer survivors as being at increased risk for HPV complications, identify factors associated with HPV vaccination, and discuss the utilization of these predictors in designing strategies to promote adherence to HPV vaccination recommendations within the survivorship context. Cancer 2009. © 2009 American Cancer Society.
Risk of dying from prostate cancer in men randomized to screening
Authors: Bergdahl Anna Grenabo , Aus Gunnar , Lilja Hans , Hugosson Jonas 
Published: October 2009

AbstractBACKGROUND:Although the true benefits and disadvantages of prostate cancer screening are still not known, the analysis of fatal cases is important for increasing knowledge of the effects of prostate cancer screening on mortality. Who dies from prostate cancer despite participation in a population‐based prostate‐specific antigen (PSA) screening program?METHODS:From the Goteborg branch of the European Randomized study of Screening for Prostate Cancer, 10,000 men randomly assigned to active PSA‐screening every second year formed the basis of the present study. Prostate cancer mortality was attributed to whether the men were attendees in the screening program (attending at least once) or nonattendees.RESULTS:Thirty‐nine men died from prostate cancer during the first 13 years. Both overall (34% vs 13 %; P < .0001) and cancer‐specific mortality (0.8% vs 0.3 %; P < .005) were found to be significantly higher among nonattendees compared with attendees. Furthermore, the majority of deaths (12 of 18) among screening attendees were in men diagnosed at first screening (prevalent cases). Only 6 deaths (including 3 interval cases) were noted among men complying with the biennial screening program.CONCLUSIONS:Nonattendees in prostate cancer screening constitute a high‐risk group for both death from prostate cancer and death from other causes comparable to that described in other cancer screening programs. Cancer 2009. © 2009 American Cancer Society.
Comparison of interlaboratory variation in absolute T‐cell counts by single‐platform and optimized dual‐platform methods
Authors: Hultin Lance E. , Chow Marianne , Jamieson Beth D. , O'Gorman Maurice R. G. , Menendez Frederick A. , Borowski Luann , Denny Thomas N. , Margolick Joseph B. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractBackground:Previous studies have reported that the adoption of a single‐platform flow cytometry cell counting method resulted in lower interlaboratory variation in absolute T cell counts as compared to predicate dual‐platform flow cytometry methods which incorporate independent automated lymphocyte counts (Schnizlein‐Bick et al., Clin Diagn Lab Immunol 2000;7:336–343; Reimann et al., Clin Diagn Lab Immunol 2000;7:344–351). In the present study, we asked whether use of a single‐platform method could reduce variation in absolute cell counts across the laboratories in the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study (MACS) (n = 4), as suggested by the studies cited.Methods:Identical study samples were shipped overnight to the MACS laboratories either by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Division of AIDS Immunology Quality Assessment (NIAID‐ IQA) proficiency‐testing program (n = 14), or by the Los Angeles site of the MACS (n = 10). For each sample, two tubes of blood were received; one was used for an automated complete blood count and differential, and the other for flow cytometry. The latter was performed using both our current dual‐platform method (three‐color CD45 gating and automated hematology) and the single‐platform method (with TruCOUNT® beads to generate the absolute counts).Results:The median percent coefficients of variation (%CVs) for the dual‐platform and single‐platform methods were 6.6 and 9.9, respectively, for CD4 T cell counts, and 5.9 and 8.5, respectively, for CD8 T cell counts (n = 24). These differences were not statistically significant. The differences in absolute T‐cell counts between the MACS sites and the median of all laboratories participating in the NIAID‐IQA were smaller for the dual‐platform than for single‐platform absolute count method.Conclusion:In contrast to previous reports, we did not observe lower interlaboratory variation across the MACS sites for single‐platform absolute lymphocyte subset counting relative to dual‐platform methods. This result may be at least partly explained by the lower interlaboratory variation with the optimized dual‐platform method in this study relative to the previous reports. © 2009 Clinical Cytometry Society
Evidence‐based evaluation of the risks of malignancy predicted by thyroid fine‐needle aspiration biopsies
Authors: Marchevsky A. M. , Walts A. E. , Bose S. , Gupta R. , Fan X. , Frishberg D. , Scharre K. , Zhai J. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractA National Cancer Institute (NCI) “Thyroid Fine‐Needle Aspiration (FNA) State of the Science Conference” recently proposed standardized nomenclature and “risks of malignancies” associated with various diagnostic categories. We evaluated the evidence levels of the data used by NCI to predict malignancy risks and whether those estimates had clinical validity in our patient population.Eight hundred seventy‐nine patients underwent thyroid FNA during 2006. FNA diagnoses were translated into NCI diagnostic categories, and 2‐year follow‐up retrospective information was obtained. Four percentages of malignancies were calculated for each diagnostic category using follow‐up information from FNA, thyroidectomy, both, and all patients as denominators. 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated for all proportions, and results were analyzed with chi‐square statistics. “Relative risk” calculations were performed using the percentage of malignancies in the entire population under study as a denominator.Most of the studies cited by the NCI provided incomplete and variable level III evidence based mainly on surgical follow‐up. Among our patients, the percentages of malignancies calculated with follow‐up data from all patients as the denominator were similar to the “risk estimates” proposed by the NCI, but estimates based on surgical follow‐up overestimated the probability of thyroid malignancy for patients with FNA diagnosis of “benign” and “follicular lesions of undetermined significance” (FLUS). Relative risk and 95% CI calculations suggested that the NCI classification could be simplified into three categories: “benign,” “FLUS + neoplasm,” and “suspicious + malignant.” Diagn. Cytopathol. 2010. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Cytomorphologic characteristics of fine needle core biopsy of multicystic peritoneal mesothelioma: A case report and review of the literature
Authors: Kemp Anna M. Collins , Nayar Ritu , De Frias Denise , Lin Xiaoqi 
Published: October 2009

AbstractMulticystic peritoneal mesothelioma (MPM) is an uncommon cystic mesothelial proliferative lesion. It occurs predominantly in women of reproductive age and most commonly arises in the pelvis. The preoperative diagnosis of MPM is difficult to establish based on clinical and radiographic findings, and has therefore traditionally been diagnosed following surgical resection. Due to differing management of MPM and its differential diagnoses including both benign and malignant lesions, it would be beneficial to diagnose MPM preoperatively. We report a case of MPM in a middle aged female that was diagnosed by fine needle core biopsy and touch preparations, allowing for appropriate clinical management. The cytomorphologic features of needle core biopsy, immunocytochemical studies and differential diagnosis are discussed. Furthermore, despite its infrequency, the current case emphasizes the importance of the inclusion of this entity in the differential diagnosis of cystic lesions of the abdomen and pelvis at the time of on‐site evaluation and final diagnosis, in order to avoid misinterpretation of strips of benign mesothelial cells as inadequate for diagnosis. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2010. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Comparison of the sensitivity of conventional cytology and the ThinPrep Imaging System for 1,083 biopsy confirmed high‐grade squamous lesions
Authors: Halford J. A. , Batty T. , Boost T. , Duhig J. , Hall J. , Lee C. , Walker K. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractLiquid‐based cytology continues to be utilized as an adjunct to conventional cytology in most Australian laboratories, even though a direct‐to‐vial ThinPrep protocol has been introduced in many countries with established cervical screening programs. Manual screening of ThinPrep slides has been widely practiced for more than 10 years and the recent introduction of the ThinPrep Imaging System (TPI) has been reported as being more sensitive than the conventional smear (CS) in the identification of high‐grade cervical disease.We report our experience with ThinPrep Imaging since its introduction into our routine gynecological cytology service. 87,284 split sample pairs reported using the Imaging System demonstrated a decrease in unsatisfactory reports (3.65% for CS and 0.87% for TPI) and an increase in possible high grade and definite high‐grade squamous reports (1.57% for CS and 1.62% for TPI).For 1,083 biopsy confirmed high‐grade lesions, the correct diagnosis of high grade or possible high‐grade squamous disease was made on the ThinPrep imaged slide in 61.0% (661/1,083) of cases and on the CS in 59.4% (643/1,083). This was not statistically significant. When all abnormalities identified on cytology were considered, including possible low grade and definite low‐grade abnormalities, the difference in sensitivity for Thinprep imaged slides of 96.0% (1,040/1,083) and CSs of 91.6% (992/1,083) was statistically significant. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2010. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Anal cytology in patients with AIDS
Authors: Calore E. E. , Nadal S. R. , Manzione C. R. , Horta S. C. , Santos R. R. , Nadal L. M. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractThe objective of the present study was to study the prevalence of abnormal anal cytology in patients with AIDS. Anal smears, obtained with a cytobrush, of 102 HIV‐positive patients of the Emilio Ribas Institute (Sao Paulo, Brazil) were collected, and only after that, the patients were submitted to anoscopy. Thirty‐two patients had LSIL and 14 others had HSIL. Squamous intra‐epithelial lesions were also observed in 38% of the patients without condyloma (18/47): in 9 of the 33 patients without history of condyloma (27%) and in 9 of the 14 patients who had previously treated condyloma (64%). An invasive squamous cell carcinoma was observed in one patient without history of condyloma. In all 13 patients with HSIL, biopsies guided by high resolution anoscopy confirmed high grade dysplasia. Our findings suggest that anal cytology is mandatory in AIDS even in patients without macroscopic anal lesions or without previous history of anal condyloma. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2010. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Development and validation of an infrared spectroscopy‐based method for the analysis of moisture content in 5‐fluorouracil
Authors: Singh Parul , Jangir Deepak K. , Mehrotra Ranjana , Bakhshi A. K. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractThe determination of moisture content in pharmaceuticals is very important as moisture is mainly responsible for the degradation of drugs. Degraded drugs have reduced efficacy and could be hazardous. The objective of the present work is to replace the Karl Fischer (KF) titration method used for moisture analysis with a method that is rapid, involves no toxic materials and is more effective. Diffuse reflectance infrared (IR) spectroscopy, which is explored as a potential alternative to various approaches, is investigated for moisture analysis in 5‐fluorouracil, an anticancer drug. A total of 150 samples with varying moisture content were prepared in laboratory by exposing the drug at different relative humidities, for different time intervals. Infrared spectra of these samples were collected with a Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrophotometer using a diffuse reflectance accessory. Reference moisture values were obtained using the Karl Fischer titration method. A number of calibration models were developed using the partial least squares (PLS) regression method. A good correlation was obtained between predicted IR values and reference values in the calibration and validation set. The derived calibration curve was used to predict moisture content in unknown samples. The results show that IR spectroscopy can be used successfully for the determination of moisture content in the pharmaceutical industry. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.