bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Radon Concentration Level in Selected offices at Bells University of Technology, Ota, Ogun State
Authors: Soyinka B. A. , Usikalu M. R. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Radon, a radioactive gas that emanates naturally from the earth crust is accountable for about 50% of the effective dose of ionizing radiation received by humans. Most radon susceptiveness occurs in homes and work places, it comes from the natural disintegration of uranium in soil, rock and water and escalate to the air that we breath, hence it is important to monitor the actual level of exposure in most buildings. This work analysed the indoor radon concentration in air at twenty different offices of different building at Bells University of Technology using Rad7 detector. The mean measured radon concentration ranges from 0-56.7 Bq/m3 for all the study locations. The mean absorbed dose, equivalent dose and effective dose were calculated with the radon concentration which are 0.152 mGy/y, 3.045 mSv/y and 0.365 mSv/y respectively. The results obtained are below the world set limit as recommended by International Commission on radiological protection, except for office 7 which slightly exceed the recommended limit. Thus, the study concluded that good ventilation is very important in the reduction of radon concentration level in our work places.
Half Metallic Properties of the Polymorphs of Rubidium Selenide Compound
Authors: Jolayemi O. R. , Wabululu E. N. , Duke A. E. , Idiodi J. O. A. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Half-metallic ferromagnets denote a specific category of compounds where one spin channel exhibits a gap at the Fermi level, contrasting with the metallic nature of the other spin channel. This distinction results in complete carrier spin polarization, reaching 100% at the Fermi level. A first-principles pseudopotential plane-wave method is utilized to examine the structural, electronic, and magnetic characteristics of RbSe across various polymorphs. Our investigation covers the RbSe compound in the CsCl (B2), NaCl (B1), ZnS (B3), NiAs (B81) and wurtzite (B4) phases. The calculations were done using the quantum ESPRESSO code within the generalized gradient approximation. The lattice parameters, bulk moduli, and their pressure derivatives agrees with prior theoretical data for cubic structures. The electronic band structures and density of states indicate the emergence of half-metallic and magnetic properties in RbSe, which stem from the existence of spin-polarized p orbitals within the Se atom. RbSe shows half-metallic behaviour in all structures studied with an integer magnetic moment of 1μB
per formula unit for CsCl, NaCl, ZnS; and 2μB
for NiAs and wurtzite. Results showed that most energetically stable phase of all five crystal structures studied is the CsCl-type of RbSe.
A Comparative Study on the Sustainability of Groundnut Oil Storage Stability using Ethylacetate Extract from Piliostigma reticulatum and Butylated Hydroxyanisole
Authors: Adeyanju A.A. , Iranloye Y.M. , Aderogba M.A. , Falade O.S. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Lipid oxidation poses a significant challenge, adversely affecting the long-term stability of vegetable oils. This research aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of ethyl acetate extract from Piliostigma reticulatum leaves and butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) in preserving freshly extracted groundnut oil during a four-month storage study. The groundnut oil was divided into five treatment groups and the progression of oxidative changes in each of these groups was diligently monitored every two weeks over the course of four months. Key parameters, including free fatty acid (FFA), peroxide value (PV), iodine value (IV), total phenolic content (TPC), and total carotenoid, were analyzed. The results of the stability study revealed that FFA and PV increased in all treatment groups over time, but the oil protected with P. reticulatum plant extract exhibited the lowest values. IV, TP, and total carotenoid were also observed to decrease in all groups, with the plant extract-protected oil sample showing the least reduction. This study concludes that the ethyl acetate fraction of P. reticulatum demonstrates superior antioxidant properties compared to BHA and can be considered a promising natural alternative for safeguarding vegetable oil against lipid oxidation.
Investigation of Proximate Analysis and Phytochemical Screening of Dry Orange Waste (Citrus sinensis) Extract: From Agrowaste to Sustainable Development
Authors: Akinlabu K.D. , Owoeye T. F. , Emetere M. E. , Jonathan H. O. , Owoeye D. I. , Akinlabu P. O. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
In the 21st century, where the amount of garbage produced is a nuisance to both man and his environment, the waste to wealth program should be a fundamental part of sustainable living. Therefore, the purpose of this effort is to turn waste to wealth by extracting oil from orange peel (waste) and investigate its nutraceutical potential and usefulness to human. Phytochemicals and proximate analysis of dry peel orange were herein investigated. The result obtained are as follows: moisture content 10.30%±0.04; ash 5.51%±0.02; crude fat 2.78%±0.01; protein 16.51%±0.10, crude fiber 12.47%±0.05 and carbohydrate 52.43±0.42%. Phytochemically speaking, the extract contained alkaloids, phenol, tannin, flavonoid, Carbohydrate, Quinones, Glycosides, Steroids and Saponin. These phytoconstituents implied that the extract exhibits good pharmaceutical potential while the result of its proximate composition revealed its nutritional tendency. Hence, it is conceivable to know that from this agrowaste (orange peel), it is possible to derive nutraceutical benefits which could support wealth and wellbeing of mankind for sustainable development. This will increase economic growth (SDG-8), ensure zero hunger (SDG-2), provide responsible consumption and production (SDG-12). Nutraceutical potential of this agrowaste from orange peel will also engender good health and well-beings (SDG-3).
Utilization of Bituminous Sand in the Production of Eco-friendly Sandcrete for Sustainable Construction
Authors: Ezenkwa C. S. , Ede A. N. , Ogbaga C. K. , Ogagaoghene O. E. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Sandcrete is a construction material composed of cement, fine aggregate, and water. The constituent materials are in great demand due to their use in various buildings. The increasing demand in turn has led to astronomical increases in the cost of procuring these materials thereby making it very difficult to meet the shelter provision requirement of the teeming population of a country such as Nigeria. There have been various attempts to address this issue by substituting different materials for river sand in the production of sandcrete, either entirely or in part, one such material which is used in this research is bituminous sand. Bituminous sands are composed of sands, heavy oil and clay that are rich in mineral and water. Ordinary Portland cement was mixed with both river sand (as control) and bituminous sand in 0, 10, 20, 30, 40 and 100% replacement levels. Seventy-two sandcrete cubes were cast in all for this study and tested for compressive strength. From the investigation, the samples compressive strengths increased with increase in curing age and decreased with increase in percentage replacement though at a different rate with the sample containing 0% bituminous sand and 100% river sand denoted SC0,100 gaining the highest strength of 8.59N/mm2 at the 28th day of curing. The SC10,90, SC20,80, SC30,70 and SC40,60 attained 98.5%, 50%, 42.3% and 3.5% more strength compared to the design strength at 28th day of curing, respectively. While the SC100,0 attained 43.5% lower strength compared to the design strength at 28th day of curing. This research has revealed the possibility of using bituminous sand for developing eco-friendly sandcrete for construction purposes for up to 0-40% river sand replacement with bituminous sand.
Assessment of Emergency Response in the Incident of Building Collapse in Selected Location in Lagos State
Authors: Ojelabi R.A. , Oladiran O.J. , Omuh I.O. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The incidence of building collapse is one of the emergency events that requires urgent attention due to the loss of lives that usually accompany its occurrence. The study aims at examining the response time and challenges impacting emergency events like building collapses in Lagos. A questionnaire survey was adopted, and a total of eighty (80) respondents were drawn from construction professionals using cluster and purposive sampling techniques. Sixty-one (61) questionnaires were completed and returned, representing a 76% response rate. The data generated were subjected to descriptive analysis using mean scores and inferential statistical analysis using ANOVA. The findings from the study indicated that 30–120 minutes are rated as the appropriate response time to emergency events like building collapses to forestall the loss of lives. The results also indicate that among the top barriers slowing down emergency response, the incidence of collapse includes poor resources and funding, a complex network of governing bodies, poor road and network issues, and a lack of emergency toll-free lines. The results further revealed that none of the factors limiting emergency response is more significant than the others. Hence, the study recommends that to ensure prompt emergency response to the incidence of building failures in Lagos State, every local government area should have an emergency management office with a well-equipped team. It also recommends that the government should not only provide infrastructural facilities such as a good road network; they should also create emergency routes to aid ease of accessibility in the incidence of emergency events like building collapses. Also, the use of ICT like drones and robotics, among others, should be deployed in managing rescue operations in building collapses.
Prediction of Noise Level in Ota Metropolis Using Artificial Neural Network
Authors: Babalola P.O. , Kilanko O. , Babalola I.D. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Capturing noise data is laborious, time-consuming, expensive and dangerous due to the exposure of the investigator to the menace. Also, appropriate software, computational skill and computational time are also required before the captured data could be of any use. In this work, an artificial neural network (ANN) was deployed to learn and train noise data in Ota Metropolis. Data were captured from forty-one (41) locations for the morning, afternoon and evening in Ota Metropolis. ANN with Levenberg Marquardt algorithm and architectural configuration of 2-21-9 (input-hidden neuron-output) was used to predict noise descriptors for Ota Metropolis with 73% accuracy. The two input variables were the latitude and longitude of the location measured in degrees while the nine output variables are the noise descriptors such traffic noise index (TNI), noise pollution level (LNP), and average equivalent noise levels (LAeq) computed for each selected location for morning, afternoon and evening periods. The results could be used in mobile applications, Google Earth and other platforms to guide residence dwellers, travellers, industrialists and technocrats in selecting travelling routes, choice of apartment location and use of appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE) in unavoidable noisy locations.
Awareness and Implementation Challenges of the Green Retrofitting in Building Enclosure in the Nigerian Construction Industry
Authors: Ojelabi R. A. , Mohammed T. A. , Oladiran O. J. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
This research work aims at examining awareness and implementation challenges of green retrofitting in building enclosures among professionals in the Nigerian construction industry. The study identifies the varying green retrofitting used in building enclosures and investigates its level of awareness and the factors affecting its adoption among professionals in the Nigerian construction industry. The sample was 100 comprising professionals in the construction industry selected randomly using cluster and purposive sampling techniques; and the response was 60%. Data were analyzed using frequency, mean and rank. The findings from the study revealed that out of the 20 green retrofitting used in building enclosures, the construction professionals are more aware of green roofs, high-quality glazing, reflective roofs, energy-efficient windows and doors, and shading device which include louvers. Also, top among the implementation challenges of green retrofitting used in building enclosure among construction professionals include limited knowledge, cost of fixing green retrofitting, skills gap, reluctance to adapt, and poor infrastructure are the major factors. The study recommend that government and professional bodies should sponsor innovative training approaches aimed at addressing skill shortages. This could be in form of schemes such as micro credentials and on-the-job training.
Appraisal of Universal Design Strategies for Enhancing Social Inclusion in The Development of Sporting Facilities
Authors: Sholanke A. B. , Eleagu J. C. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Sporting facilities are essential components of public recreational infrastructure for engaging in physical exercise, participating in sporting games, or witnessing sporting events. To design sporting facilities, an important consideration is to ensure that individuals of diverse abilities can fully participate and enjoy sporting events. One way this can be achieved is through the application of universal design ideology in the development of sporting facilities. The aim of universal design is to create products, services and environments that are accessible, usable, and accommodating for individuals of all ages, abilities, and backgrounds. This paper presents an appraisal of universal design parameters, in order to provide insight on specific design strategies suitable for fostering social inclusion in sports facility development. The research is a literature review paper that relied on secondary sources to gather data. The data were content analysed using thematic approach and the findings descriptively presented in themes, with the aid of a plate, table and figures. The review revealed themes, trends, technical details, challenges, and success parameters for achieving social inclusion through the application of universal design strategies in the creation of sporting facilities. The study aligns with the 11th target of the 17 Sustainable Development Goals that promotes developing safe communities and cities to be resilient, inclusive and sustainable.
Evaluation of Sustainable Maintenance and Security of Green Spaces in Public Housing Schemes in Lagos State, Nigeria
Authors: Jegede O. F. , Adewale A. B. , Akinola O. A. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Security of lives and property in housing environments is one of the basic necessity in the provision of public housing. The nature of maintenance given to green spaces in public housing environment can affect the level of security of lives and property. However, due to the antecedents of public housing, its unique population and the problems it creates for law enforcement agencies on security issues, there is need to evaluate how sustainable maintenance of green spaces within public housing could affect the level of security of lives and property. The public housing constructed by the Lagos State Development and Property Corporation (LSDPC) in Lagos State, Nigeria was used for this study. Primary data was collected from 1036 housing units in 12 different estates of the LSDPC in Lagos State, using the research tools of the questionnaire and structured observation schedule. Descriptive statistics and categorical regression analyses were carried out on the data. The results showed that the green spaces around each housing units were sustainably maintained, than jointly owned green spaces by all residents of the housing estates and this has implications to the level of security of lives and property in the housing estates. It is recommended that public housing estate’s green spaces be designed to allow for sustainability in maintenance by each housing units, which would lead to a general sustainable maintenance view of all green spaces available in the public housing environment.
Satisfaction with Maintenance of the Public Sector Employee Housing Schemes in Lagos State, Nigeria
Authors: Akinola A. O. , Ibem E.O. , Opoko A.P. , Oluwatayo A.A. , Aduwo E.B. , Ugah U.K. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The Public sector employee housing is a kind of housing arrangement, which accentuates the role of the employer (government as well as its agencies) in assisting to deliver housing, mainly for the public sector workers. However, not much is known of the occupants’ satisfaction with the maintenance features of housing provided through this scheme in a large metropolitan area such as Lagos State. This study investigated the Maintenance Satisfaction features in nine public-sector employee housing estates in Lagos state, Nigeria. A cross-sectional survey research design involving quantitative research approach was adopted. The survey was carried out between September, 2020 and March, 2021. Using stratified sampling technique, the estates were grouped into the local government area. Cluster sampling was used to select the local government area. Also, purposive sampling technique was used to select 688 housing units in the nine purposively selected housing estates. 500 copies of the administered questionnaire were correctly filled and returned by the participants and the information were subjected to descriptive statistics. Statistical package for Social Science(SPSS) was used to analyze the data. The results pointed out that the respondents were most satisfied with the promptness of response to security issues in the estate, frequency of collection and disposal of refuse, frequency of maintenance of power supply facilities and least satisfied with the frequency of maintenance of roads within the estate, frequency of maintenance of drainage facilities and frequency of fumigation of the estate environment. Therefore, to improve maintenance satisfaction of inhabitants in public sector employee housing schemes, the key stakeholders such as the architects, builders and so on should give priority attention to the key features that ensure residents’ satisfaction.
Radiological Risk Exposure to the Residential Area Adjacent to Liquor Company in Ado-Odo Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria
Authors: Omeje M. , Adewoyin O. O. , Ekwueme B. N. , Soheil S. , Okafor I. F. , George G. C. , Olowoeshin B. , Ukaegbu T. M. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background radiation levels and radionuclides assessment was conducted around the residential area adjacent to the Intercontinental Distillers (Liquor) Company located in Ado-Odo Ota, Ogun state using Gamma Ray Semi-mobile Spectrometer (Super Spec RS-125 Radiation detector). This study was carried out to determine the background gamma dose rate and the associated radiological risk exposure to the public living around the study area. The activity concentrations vary from 2.47 to 25.935 Bq/Kg, 28.826 to 62.52 Bq/Kg, 4.0 to 250.4 Bq/Kg for 238U, 40K and 232Th respectively. The activity concentration of the radionuclides (238-U, 40-K, 232-Th) field data was used to determine the radiological parameters. All the radionuclide activity concentrations found in the study/research area were below the International Reference Standard (IRS) except for Thorium, which surpassed the IRS. The estimated values ranged from 57.27 to 125.98 Bq/kg, 0.15 to 0.34 Bq/kg and 0.19 to 0.38 Bq/kg for radium equivalent, external hazard and internal hazard respectively. The numerically measured values of gamma dosage rates ranged from 26.4 to 59.0 nGy/h. This highest value was 59 nGy/h, which is higher than the 54 nGy/h safe level suggested by the United Nations Scientific Effect of Atomic Radiation (UNSCEAR). The research area’s hot spots that potentially endanger the health of nearby residents if proper precautions are not taken have been identified using a geospatial assessment of the background gamma radiation rate.
Assessment of Daylighting Strategies in Selected Convention Centres for Improved Sustainability
Authors: Adewale B. A. , Ewuoso E. A. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The study aims to assess the extent to which daylighting strategies are implemented in selected convention centres. The objectives are to identify daylighting strategies utilized in selected convention centres, and evaluate their adequacy. The study focused on convention centres as they are commercial buildings that consume large amounts of energy. Three convention centres were conveniently selected at random in Lagos State, Nigeria due to the easy access for observation. The study used the mixed-method approach. 100 questionnaires were issued to respondents in each centre and 131 were retrieved and used for analysis. The data collected were descriptively analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS), and the results were sorted from the highest to the lowest in terms of their mean item score (MIS), and presented in tables. The sizes and functions of the identified strategies in the case studies were analyzed in relation to standards, and the findings were discussed in relation to other researches. It was revealed that the selected convention centres did not utilize daylighting strategies effectively as they rely largely on artificial lighting. The findings further revealed that daylighting is not very well considered at the conceptualization stage of this building typology. The pieces of evidence show that as the elements in a space are considered, adequate daylight can enter that space and create the potential for energy savings in lighting. Further studies can be carried out in existing convention centres in other developing countries to explore the influence of daylighting on energy savings. This paper provides valuable information on acceptable daylighting strategies based on the observations made which could be incorporated in convention centres from the design stage, and insight into measuring the adequacy of daylighting strategies in convention centres in comparison with other researchers’ findings as discussed below.
Lead-cadmium accumulation in agricultural soils and health implications
Authors: Kayode O. T. , Oyeyemi K. D. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The use of pesticides in farms has made agricultural soils often contaminated with heavy metals, excess of which the soils could pollute the environment and potentially damage human health through accumulation in the food chain. The geochemical compositions in agricultural soils from two commercial farms were analysed using ICP-MS. Trace elements are needed in minute quantities in soils but can be toxic to plants and humans with health implications at elevated rates. Soil samples from the study area were analysed and the result revealed that lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) concentrations in the study sites were within the FAO/WHO standard limits. The implications of elevated rates on crops and humans alike are highlighted in this paper.