bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Molecular diagnosis of cutaneous leishmaniasis and species identification: analysis of 122 biopsies with varied parasite index
Authors: Yehia Lamis , Adib‐Houreih Mohammad , Raslan Wasim Fawzi , Kibbi Abdul‐Ghani , Loya Asif , Firooz Alireza , Satti Mohamed , El‐Sabban Marwan , Khalifeh Ibrahim 
Published: February 2012

Background: Cutaneous leishmaniasis is endemic in the Middle East and North Africa. Confirming the diagnosis histologically depends on amastigote identification, which varies significantly depending on the inoculum, strain type, host response and disease stage. Accurate histological diagnosis is mandatory for appropriate therapy.Methods: Skin biopsies from 122 patients from Lebanon, Syria and Saudi Arabia with clinical diagnosis of untreated leishmaniasis were reviewed and clinical data extracted. Cases were classified according to the modified Ridley's parasitic index. DNA was extracted from formalin‐fixed paraffin‐embedded blocks. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed using Leishmania‐specific ribosomal internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS1‐PCR). Nested ITS1‐PCR was performed on cases negative for conventional ITS1‐PCR. ITS1‐PCR amplicons were digested with HaeIII for subsequent restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) subspeciation.Results: Of 122 cases, 54 (44.3%) showed a parasitic index of 0–1+ (no unequivocal amastigotes). ITS1‐PCR (conventional and nested) was positive for all cases as compared with negative control tissue. RFLP identified Leishmania tropica in all cases. Patients with clinically suspected leishmaniasis, whose skin biopsies failed to detect amastigotes represented 44.3% of our cases.Conclusions: In this study, we describe a rapid and optimized protocol from DNA extraction to leishmaniasis subspeciation. ITS1‐PCR showed high sensitivity and specificity in confirming clinically suspected cases.Yehia L, Adib‐Houreih M, Raslan WF, Kibbi A‐G, Loya A, Firooz A, Satti M, El‐Sabban M, Khalifeh I. Molecular diagnosis of cutaneous leishmaniasis and species identification: analysis of 122 biopsies with varied parasite index.
Bullous acral erythema: an additional consideration in the differential diagnosis of pauci‐inflammatory subepidermal bullae*
Authors: Podjasek Joshua O. , Camilleri Michael J. 
Published: February 2012

Acral erythema is considered a frequent complication of chemotherapy administration. The bullous variant of chemotherapy‐induced acral erythema, or bullous acral erythema, occurs less commonly. The condition typically begins with acral dysesthesias and produces symmetric erythema that blisters and eventually desquamates. Overall, 32 cases of bullous acral erythema have been described in the literature, including 21 cases associated with cytarabine administration and 11 cases attributed to methotrexate. We describe a 61‐year‐old woman with diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma in whom bullous acral erythema developed after she received cytarabine and methotrexate. The clinical presentation was unusual, as it was characterized by vesicles in an annular configuration suggestive of linear immunoglobulin A bullous disease. Histopathology revealed a pauci‐inflammatory subepidermal bulla that was similar to previously reported cases of bullous acral erythema. We suggest that bullous acral erythema represents an important diagnostic consideration in the differential diagnosis of pauci‐inflammatory subepidermal blistering in patients who have recently received chemotherapy.Podjasek JO, Camilleri MJ. Bullous acral erythema: an additional consideration in the differential diagnosis of pauci‐inflammatory subepidermal bullae.
Influence of cavity design on the biomechanics of direct composite resin restorations in Class IV preparations
Authors: Xu Haiping , Jiang Zhe , Xiao Ximei , Fu Jing , Su Qin 
Published: February 2012

Xu H, Jiang Z, Xiao X, Fu J, Su Q. Influence of cavity design on the biomechanics of direct composite resin restorations in Class IV preparations.

Eur J Oral Sci 2012; 120: 161–167. © 2012 Eur J Oral SciThis study evaluated the effect of cavity design on stress distribution and fracture resistance of direct composite resin restorations in Class IV preparations. A finite element analysis (FEA) model of the maxillary central incisor with a Class IV cavity was established. Five model variations were studied: (i) a 1‐mm bevel (ii) a 2‐mm bevel, (iii) a plain chamfer, (iv) a stair‐step chamfer, and (v) butt joints (a control configuration). All FEA variations modeled a tooth restored with composite resin loaded under 100 N at an angle of 45° to the longitudinal axis. The interfacial von Mises stress was evaluated. The FEA was complemented with an in vitro assessment. Fracture resistance of direct composite resin restorations was tested with a universal testing machine and fracture patterns were observed. Finite element analysis showed that stress in chamfer and stair‐step chamfer models was more homogenously distributed, while stress in bevel models was relatively concentrated at lingual regions. Fracture resistance of a 1‐mm bevel preparation was lower than for the 2‐mm bevel, plain chamfer, and stair‐step chamfer preparations, but was higher than for butt joints. The stair‐step chamfer group presented the most favorable failure pattern. Considering biomechanics and esthetics, the present study indicates that the stair‐step chamfer and 2‐mm bevel should be recommended for clinical restoration.
Oral health status and reasons for not attending dental care among 12‐ to 16‐year‐old children with Down syndrome in special needs centres in Jordan
Authors: Al Habashneh R , Al‐Jundi S , Khader Y , Nofel N 
Published: February 2012

To cite this article:   Int J Dent Hygiene10, 2012; 259–264  DOI: 10.1111/j.1601‐5037.2012.00545.xAl Habashneh R, Al‐Jundi S, Khader Y, Nofel N. Oral health status and reasons for not attending dental care among 12‐ to 16‐year‐old children with Down syndrome in special needs centres in Jordan.Abstract:  Objectives: The objective of this study was to assess oral health status, treatment needs, soft and hard tissue findings, as well as reasons for not attending dental care among children with Down syndrome (DS) registered in special needs centres in Jordan. Methods: The sample consisted of a total of 206 participants with a mean age of 13.66 ± 1.47 comprising 103 with DS and 103 age‐ and gender‐matched non‐DS/public school children. Clinical levels of oral hygiene were assessed using Simplified Oral hygiene index, and caries detection was carried out according to WHO caries recording criteria. Results: Children who had DS had a significantly higher percentage of surfaces with severe gingival index (39.9 ± 9.1 versus 15.9 ± 8.0, P < 0.001) and a higher mean of probing pocket depth than children without DS (2.27 ± 0.2 versus 1.81 ± 0.32, P < 0.000). Significantly more peg‐shaped maxillary lateral incisors and retained primary teeth (P < 0.001) were observed in subjects with DS, compared with non‐DS children. Average decayed, missing and filled teeth (DMFT) was significantly lower in male children with DS compared with male non‐DS children only (P = 0.034). The most common reason cited for not taking children to the dentist for DS group was ‘Not aware of the dental problems of their children’ and for non‐DS groups ‘No awareness of the importance of dental visit’ (61.2% and 53%, respectively). Conclusions: While having similar caries level, Jordanian teenagers with DS had more dental anomalies, poorer periodontal health and less dental attendance than age‐ and gender‐matched non‐DS/public school children.
Primary and reversible Pisa syndrome in juvenile normal pressure hydrocephalus
Authors: Leon-Sarmiento Fidias E. , Pradilla Gustavo , Zambrano Maria del Rosario 
Published: February 2012

ObjectiveTo report a case of Pisa syndrome in a patient with idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus, who had never been exposed to psychotropic medications.MethodsA 26-year-old, Colombian, male patient, was referred because he had cognitive abnormalities, gait disturbances and urinary incontinence. This patient also displayed pleurothotonos. Neurofunctional evaluations of sensory and motor integration at peripheral and central nervous system levels were done. Idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH) was diagnosed.ResultsPisa syndrome disappeared after spinal tap drainage with further gait, balance and behavioural improvement. A brainstem-thalamocortical deregulation of the central sensory and motor programming, due to the chaotic enlargement of brain ventricles was thought to be the pathophysiological mechanism underlying this case.ConclusionNPH must not be longer considered as an exclusive geriatric disorder. Further, uncommon movement disorders may appear with this disorder, which should be carefully approached to avoid iatrogenic and deleterious pharmacological interventions.
Effects of Rifampicin, Dexamethasone, St. John's Wort and Thyroxine on Maternal and Foetal Expression of Abcb1 and Organ Distribution of Talinolol in Pregnant Rats
Authors: Saljé Karen , Lederer Kirstin , Oswald Stefan , Dazert Eike , Warzok Rolf , Siegmund Werner 
Published: February 2012

AbstractIt is well accepted that ABCB1 plays a critical role in absorption, distribution and elimination of many xenobiotics and drugs. Only little is known about the regulation and function of ABCB1 during pregnancy. Thus, the aim of this study is to investigate maternal, placental and foetal Abcb1 expression and function in pregnant rats after induction with rifampicin, dexamethasone, St. John's wort (SJW) or thyroxine. Wistar rats were orally treated with rifampicin (250 mg/kg), SJW (1.0 g/kg), thyroxine (9 μg/kg), dexamethasone (1 mg/kg) or 0.5% methylcellulose suspension (control) for 9 days during late pregnancy (each N = 5). Afterwards, organ mRNA expression and protein content of Abcb1a were determined. Tissue concentrations of the ABCB1 probe drug talinolol were measured after repeated administration of the drug (100 mg/kg, 9 days) and after induction with oral rifampicin (250 mg/kg, 9 days, N = 5). Abcb1 expression was substantially lower in foetal than in maternal organs. Abcb1 was significantly induced by SJW in the maternal jejunum and placenta, by dexamethasone in foetal brain and liver and by thyroxine in the placenta and maternal and foetal brain. Rifampicin induced Abcb1 in all maternal and foetal organs. However, organ distribution of talinolol was not influenced by comedication of rifampicin. In conclusion, maternal and foetal Abcb1 organ expression in pregnant rats is inducible by nuclear receptor agonists. Although rifampicin regulates maternal and foetal Abcb1 expression, organ distribution of talinolol remains unchanged most likely caused by the known inhibitory effect of rifampicin on Abcb1 function.
Krukenberg tumours of colorectal origin: Experience of a tertiary referral centre and review of the literature
Authors: Tai Dora Kai‐Chun , Li Wing‐Hong , Cheung Moon‐Tong 
Published: February 2012

Aim:  Krukenberg tumours are tumours of the gastrointestinal tract that metastasize to the ovary. The condition is uncommon and accounts for 5 per cent of ovarian tumours. It is our objective to describe the outcome of patients after resection of Krukenberg tumours of colorectal origin.Patients and Methods:  The present study is a retrospective review of 20 patients with resection performed for Krukenberg tumours of colorectal origin from November 1996 to April 2010 at Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Hong Kong, China.Results:  The most common colonic primary site was sigmoid colon (40 per cent). Thirteen patients (65 per cent) had T4 tumours. Ten patients (50 per cent) had synchronous tumours. Seven patients (35 per cent) had bilateral ovarian involvement. Nine patients (45 per cent) had elevated serum carcinoembryonic antigen levels. The median carbohydrate antigen 125 (was 57 U/mL (range: 12–850 U/mL). Seven patients (35 per cent) developed metastases after ovarian resection. The most common sites were intra‐abdominal lymph nodes (15 per cent), bone (15 per cent) and liver (10 per cent). The overall 3‐ and 5‐year survival rates after ovarian resection were 40 per cent and 25 per cent, respectively. Right colon cancer (30 per cent right colon vs 60 per cent left colon vs 10 per cent rectum, P = 0.021) and T4 staging of the colonic primary (30 per cent T3 vs 65 per cent T4, P = 0.033) were found to be poor prognostic factors for survival.Conclusion:  Although recurrence after resection of Krukenberg tumours is common, bilateral salpingo‐oophorectomy should still be considered. A more aggressive approach, such as debulking surgery or metastasectomy, is also recommended to improve the outcome of these patients.
Comparison of a commercial ELISA with an indirect fluorescent antibody test to detect antibodies toLawsonia intracellularisin experimentally challenged pigs
Authors: Collins A , Gonsalves J , Fell S , Barchia I 
Published: February 2012

Objective The ability of a new commercial ELISA to detect pigs with subclinical proliferative enteropathy (PE) was compared with the traditional indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT).Methods Serum samples were selected from pigs with knownLawsonia intracellularisinfection status and clinical signs of PE, but the sample population consisted predominantly of pigs subclinically affected by PE.Results Significant association and agreement were shown between the ELISA and IFAT assays. ELISA results correlated well with the duration ofL. intracellularisshedding as detected by polymerase chain reaction.Conclusion ELISA can be successfully used to monitorL. intracellularisinfection in pigs.
Standing low‐field magnetic resonance imaging in horses with chronic foot pain
Authors: Gutierrez‐Nibeyro SD , Werpy NM , White II NA 
Published: February 2012

Objective  Conventional imaging modalities can diagnose the source of foot pain in most cases, but have limitations in some horses, which can be overcome by using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). However, there are no reports of the MRI appearance and prevalence of foot lesions of a large series of horses with chronic foot lameness.Methods  In the present study, 79 horses with unilateral or bilateral forelimb lameness because of chronic foot pain underwent standing low‐field MRI to make a definitive diagnosis.Results  Of the 79 horses, 74 (94%) had alterations in >1 structure in the lame or lamest foot. Navicular bone lesions occurred most frequently (78%) followed by navicular bursitis (57%), deep digital flexor tendonopathies (54%) and collateral desmopathy of the distal interphalangeal joint (39%). Effusion of the distal interphalangeal joint was also a frequent finding (53%).Conclusion  Low‐field MRI in a standing patient can detect many lesions of the equine foot associated with chronic lameness without the need for general anaesthesia.
Toxicity and efficacy of a novel doxorubicin and carboplatin chemotherapy protocol for the treatment of canine appendicular osteosarcoma following limb amputation
Authors: Lane AE , Black ML , Wyatt KM 
Published: February 2012

Objective To evaluate the safety and efficacy of a novel doxorubicin and carboplatin chemotherapy protocol for the treatment of dogs with appendicular osteosarcoma following limb amputation.Design Retrospective study.Procedure Dogs diagnosed with appendicular osteosarcoma, with no evidence of metastatic disease, treated with amputation and adjuvant chemotherapy consisting of two doses of doxorubicin given 14 days apart, followed by four doses of carboplatin at 3‐weekly intervals between September 2003 and December 2009 were identified from the medical records of Perth Veterinary Oncology. Haematological and gastrointestinal toxicities were assessed based on information in the medical records and recorded complete blood count results. The efficacy of the protocol was assessed by determining the median disease‐free interval (DFI) and overall survival time (OST) using the Kaplan‐Meier product‐limit method.Results In total, 33 dogs met the inclusion criteria. The median DFI was 231.5 days and the median OST was 247 days. With regard to haematological toxicity, 56% of dogs had a grade 1–2 neutropenia recorded as their highest marrow toxicity and 9% of dogs experienced a grade 3–4 neutropenia, all subsequent to doxorubicin administration. The highest gastrointestinal toxicity was grade 1–2 in 15 dogs (47%) and 5 dogs (16%) experienced grade 3–4 gastrointestinal toxicity.Conclusion This chemotherapy protocol did not result in a longer time to disease recurrence or OST in this population of dogs. Dual‐agent protocols have failed to improve survival times and therefore we conclude that a single‐agent protocol using carboplatin may be equally effective with less toxicity.
The spectrum of T‐cell and natural killer/T‐cell neoplasms with leukaemic presentation in a single institution in Taiwan
Authors: CHANG S.‐T. , HSIEH Y.‐C. , KUO S.‐Y. , LU C.‐L. , CHU J.‐S. , CHUANG S.‐S. 
Published: February 2012

SummaryT cell and natural killer (NK)/T‐cell neoplasms are rare and may occasionally present as leukaemia. We retrospectively searched T cell and NK/T‐cell tumours in a single institution in Taiwan from January 2000 to December 2009 and identified 137 (19.1%) patients with T cell and NK/T‐cell tumours among 718 patients with lymphoid neoplasms. Among these 137 patients, 18 (13.1%) presented with leukaemia including T‐lymphoblastic lymphoma/leukaemia (T‐LBL), T‐cell prolymphocytic leukaemia, aggressive NK‐cell leukaemia, adult T‐cell lymphoma/leukaemia (ATLL), T‐cell large granular lymphocytic (T‐LGL) leukaemia and unspecified peripheral T‐cell lymphoma. Cases with concurrent lymphoma, higher absolute leukaemic cell counts and elevated lactate dehydrogenase level carried a poorer prognosis. The survival was dichotomous, with a very poor prognosis for patients with T‐LBL, T‐cell prolymphocytic leukaemia, aggressive NK‐cell leukaemia, ATLL in acute phase and unspecified peripheral T‐cell lymphoma, while those with T‐LGL leukaemia and ATLL in chronic phase had a favourable outcome.
A reliable method for sexing unincubated bird eggs for studying primary sex ratio
Authors: ASLAM M. AAMIR , HULST MARCEL , HOVING‐BOLINK RITA A. H. , De WIT AGNES A. C. , SMITS MARI A. , WOELDERS HENRI 
Published: February 2012

AbstractIn birds, offspring sex ratio manipulation by mothers is now well established with potentially important consequences for evolution and animal breeding. In most studies on primary sex ratio of birds, eggs are sexed after incubation by the use of PCR methods targeted to the sex‐linkedCHD1genes. Sexing of unincubated eggs would be preferred, but as fertile and infertile blastodiscs cannot be distinguished macroscopically, errors could arise from PCR amplifications of parental DNA associated with the vitelline membrane of infertile eggs. In this study, we stained blastodiscs without the vitelline membrane with Hoechst 33342. This allowed unequivocal distinction between fertile and infertile blastodiscs. Fertile blastodiscs contained thousands of fluorescent nuclei, whereas no nuclei were seen in infertile eggs. In addition, after nucleic acid analysis, fertile blastodiscs yielded much stronger chromosomal DNA andCHD1‐targeted PCR bands on agarose gels compared with infertile blastodiscs. These findings indicate that fertile blastodiscs contain much more embryonic DNA than parental DNA, allowing reliable sexing of the fertile eggs. The differences between fertile and infertile blastodiscs in chromosomal DNA andCHD1PCR banding intensities alone could also be used to distinguish fertile from infertile eggs without using Hoechst staining. We conclude that identifying fertile blastodiscs either by Hoechst staining or by analyzing the yield of chromosomal DNA andCHD1‐PCR products, combined withCHD1‐targeted PCR amplification, presents an easy and reliable method to sex unincubated eggs.
QST in a hierarchically structured population
Authors: WHITLOCK MICHAEL C. , GILBERT KIMBERLY J. 
Published: February 2012

AbstractUnder some circumstances, selection and drift can be disentangled with comparisons of the QST of a quantitative trait and the FST of putatively neutral loci. Most previous comparisons of FST and QST are carried out at a single spatial scale. We derive a hierarchical QST appropriate for study across varying levels of spatial structure.
Massage therapy to improve sleep quality post coronary artery bypass graft surgery
Authors: Lim CE Danforn , Cheng NCL 
Published: February 2012

Nerbass FB, Feltrim MIZ, de Souza SA, Ykeda DS, Lorenzi‐Filho G.Effects of massage therapy on sleep quality after coronary artery bypass graft surgery.Clinics 2010; 65: 1105–10.
Clinical efficacy of a Phaseolus vulgaris and Cynara scolymus mixture on satiety
Authors: Chrubasik S 
Published: February 2012

Rondanelli M, Giacosa A, Orsini F, Opizzi A, Villani S.Appetite control and glycaemia reduction in overweight subjects treated with a combination of two highly standardized extracts from Phaseolus vulgaris and Cynara scolymus.Phytother Res 2011; 25: 1275–82.
Acupressure wristbands for the prevention of nausea and vomiting during labour and delivery
Authors: Li D 
Published: February 2012

Sinha A, Paech MJ, Thew ME, Rhodes M, Luscombe K, Nathan E.A randomised, double‐blinded, placebo‐controlled study of acupressure wristbands for the prevention of nausea and vomiting during labour and delivery.Int J Obstet Anesth 2011; 20: 110–17.
Crohn's Disease Patients Have More IgG-Binding Fecal Bacteria than Controls
Authors: Harmsen Hermie J. M. , Pouwels Simon D. , Funke Anouk , Bos Nicolaas A. , Dijkstra Gerard 
Published: February 2012

ABSTRACTIn Crohn's disease (CD), chronic gut inflammation leads to loss of mucosal barrier integrity. Subsequent leakage of IgG to the gut could produce an increase of IgG coating of intestinal bacteria. We investigated if there is more IgG coating in patients than in volunteers and whether this is dependent on the host IgG response or on the gut bacteria. Fecal and serum samples were obtained from 23 CD patients and 11 healthy volunteers. Both thein vivoIgG-coated fecal bacteria andin vitroIgG coating after serum addition were measured by flow cytometry and related to disease activity. The bacterial composition in feces was determined using fluorescencein situhybridization. The IgG-binding capacities ofEscherichia colistrains isolated from feces of patients and volunteers were assessed. The results showed that thein vivoIgG-coated fraction of fecal bacteria of patients was slightly larger than that of volunteers but significantly larger after incubation with either autologous or heterologous serum. This was dependent on the bacteria and independent of disease activity or the serum used. The presence of moreEnterobacteriaceaeand fewer faecalibacteria in patient feces was confirmed.E. coliisolates from patients bound more IgG than isolates from volunteers (P< 0.05) after the addition of autologous serum. Together, these results indicate that CD patients have more IgG-binding gut bacteria than healthy volunteers. We showed that the level of IgG coating depends on the bacteria and not on the serum used. Furthermore, CD patients have a strong specific immune response to their ownE. colibacteria.