bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synthesis of Some C2‐Symmetric Bidentate Ligands and Their Complexes Derived from Feist's Acid
Authors: Al‐Majid Abdullah M. A. , Al‐Othman Zeid A. , Islam Mohammad Shahidul 
Published: February 2012

AbstractVarious new C2‐symmetric bidentate ligands, bearing phosphorus, nitrogen, and sulfur, were obtained in an efficient manner, starting from (±)‐trans‐3‐methylidenecyclopropane‐1,2‐dicarboxylic acid (Feist's acid; (±)‐trans‐3). The structures of the new bidentate ligands, di(tert‐butyl) (±)‐[(trans‐3‐methylidenecyclopropane‐1,2‐diyl)dimethanediyl]biscarbamate ((±)‐9), (±)‐(trans‐3‐methyldienecyclopropane‐1,2‐diyl)dimethanaminium dichloride ((±)‐10), (±)‐S,S′‐[(trans‐3‐methylidenecyclopropane‐1,2‐diyl)dimethanediyl] diethanethioate ((±)‐11), and (±)‐[(trans‐3‐methylidenecyclopropane‐1,2‐diyl)dimethanediyl]bis(diphenylphosphane) ((±)‐12), were fully characterized by standard spectroscopic techniques. These new classes of C2‐symmetric bidentate ligands have the potential to be used in asymmetric catalysis.
Efficient One‐Pot Synthesis of Alkyl 2‐(Dialkylamino)‐4‐phenylthiazole‐5‐carboxylates and Single‐Crystal X‐Ray Structure of Methyl 2‐(Diisopropylamino)‐4‐phenylthiazole‐5‐carboxylate
Authors: Souldozi Ali , Ramazani Ali , Dadrass Ali Reza , Ślepokura Katarzyna , Lis Tadeusz 
Published: February 2012

AbstractThe reaction between secondary amines, benzoyl isothiocyanate, and dialkyl acetylenedicarboxylates (=dialkyl but‐2‐ynedioates) in the presence of silica gel (SiO2) led to alkyl 2‐(dialkylamino)‐4‐phenylthiazole‐5‐carboxylates in fairly high yields. The structures of the products were confirmed by their IR, 1H‐ and 13C‐NMR, and mass spectra, and by a single‐crystal X‐ray structure determination.
New Benzofuranylpropanoids from the Roots of Codonopsis lanceolata
Authors: Hu Qiu‐Fen , Li Xue‐Sen , Huang Hai‐Tao , Mu Huai‐Xue , Tu Pen‐Fei , Li Gan‐Peng 
Published: February 2012

AbstractThree new benzofuranylpropanoids, lanceolunes A–C (1–3), were isolated from the roots of Codonopsis lanceolata. Their structures were determined by means of HR‐ESI‐MS, extensive 1D‐ and 2D‐NMR spectroscopic, and chemical evidence.
1,2,3‐Triazolophanes—Cyclophanes with an Array of Molecular Structures and Supramolecular Architectures
Authors: Mohan Arumugam , Sankararaman Sethuraman 
Published: February 2012

Abstract1,2,3‐Triazolophanes are a class of cyclophanes that has attracted enormous attention in recent times. With the advent of the intramolecular copper‐mediated alkyne azide cycloaddition (CuAAC) reaction 1,2,3‐triazolophanes of various molecular structure and supramolecular architecture have been synthesized. 1,2,3‐Triazolophanes find a variety of applications as molecular hosts, ion sensors, peptidomimics, and supramolecular building blocks, among others.
Basic Concepts of Systems Analysis
Authors: PACKARD TED , FUHRIMAN ADDIE 
Published: February 2012

… asystemis simply the structure or organization of an orderly whole, clearly showing the interrelations of the parts to each other and to the whole itself.From this definition, these criteria emerge:. There must be a structure or organization.. The structure or organization must be conceptualized as a whole.. The whole must be orderly.. The whole must have parts.. Parts can be shown clearly relating to each other.. Parts can be shown clearly relating to the whole.—Silvern [1972, pp. 1–3]
Employment and Rehabilitation Counselors Characterize one another Using Stereotypes
Authors: PARKER HARRY J. , REISCH JOAN S. 
Published: February 2012

Thirty employment counselors appraised personal and job‐related attributes of rehabilitation counselors using a 67‐item semantic differential stereotype scale. Thirty rehabilitation counselors rated themselves and also how they believed employment counselors would rate rehabilitation counselors on the same scale.The rehabilitation counselors' self‐ratings revealed a generally positive self‐portrait; however, the self‐ratings, when compared to how they believed employment counselors perceived rehabilitation counselors, yielded statistically significant negative relationships on 60 scales. Comparison of perceived versus actual ratings of rehabilitation counselors by employment counselors showed statistically different ratings on 49 scales, all in a positive direction.That employment counselors perceived rehabilitation counselors much more positively than the latter expected helps explain why placement functions and team cooperation are limited among these professionals, and should therefore be increased.
The need for speed
Authors: Suhalim Jeffrey L. , Boik John C. , Tromberg Bruce J. , Potma Eric O. 
Published: February 2012

AbstractOne of the key enabling features of coherent Raman scattering (CRS) techniques is the dramatically improved imaging speed over conventional vibrational imaging methods. It is this enhanced imaging acquisition rate that has guided the field of vibrational microscopy into the territory of real‐time imaging of live tissues. In this feature article, we review several aspects of fast vibrational imaging and discuss new applications made possible by the improved CRS imaging capabilities. In addition, we reflect on the current limitations of CRS microscopy and look ahead at several new developments towards real‐time, hyperspectral vibrational imaging of biological tissues. (© 2012 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Mammalian target of rapamycin: A valid therapeutic target through the autophagy pathway for alzheimer's disease?
Authors: Cai Zhiyou , Zhao Bin , Li Keshen , Zhang Liangqing , Li Chunhua , Quazi Sohel H. , Tan Yan 
Published: February 2012

AbstractAutophagy plays a critical role in multiple pathological lesions of Alzheimer's disease (AD), such as the formation of amyloid plaques from amyloid‐β (Aβ) production and accumulation via dysregulating amyloid precursor protein turnover and enhancing the activity of β‐ and/or γ‐secretases, intraneuronal neurofibrillary tangles (NFT) because of tau hyperphosphorylation, and neuronal apoptosis. Dysfunction of the autophagy‐lysosome system also contributes to Aβ accumulation and the formation of tau oligomers and insoluble aggregates, because induction of autophagy enhances the clearance of both soluble and aggregated forms of Aβ and tau proteins. The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway plays a central role in controlling protein homeostasis and negatively regulates autophagy. Inhibition of mTOR by rapamycin improves cognitive deficits and rescues Aβ pathology and NFTs by increasing autophagy. Several mTOR signaling components may be potential biomarkers of cognitive impairment in the clinical diagnosis of AD. Thus, mTOR‐related agents through the control of autophagy‐lysosome protein degradation are emerging as an important therapeutic target for AD. © 2012 Wiley Peridicals, Inc.
Physicochemical Properties and Bioactivity of a Novel Class of Cellulosics: 6‐Deoxy‐6‐amino Cellulose Sulfate
Authors: Genco Taha , Zemljič Lidija Fras , Bračič Matej , Stana‐Kleinschek Karin , Heinze Thomas 
Published: February 2012

AbstractThe physicochemical behavior with emphasis on the charging behavior of 6‐deoxy‐6‐(2‐(bis(2‐aminoethyl)aminoethyl‐amino) cellulose sulfate (BAECS) with degree of substitution (DS) of 1.31 (sulfate moieties) and 0.71 (amino moieties) and of 6‐deoxy‐6‐(2‐aminoethyl) cellulose sulfate (AECS, DSSulf = 1.41, DSDAE = 0.85, DSTosyl ≈0.09) is studied by using several types of titrations. The amounts of protonated amino groups determined by conductometric titration are 4.02 and 2.53 mmol g−1 for BAECS and AECS, respectively. The amino groups are fully deprotonated at pH ≥ 11, whereas the sulfate moieties determined by polyelectrolyte titration are fully dissociated at this pH value. Furthermore, studies on the antimicrobial and antithrombogenetic efficiencies of the samples are carried out.
Glucose hypermetabolism in the thalamus of patients with hemifacial spasm
Authors: Shimizu Megumi , Suzuki Yukihisa , Kiyosawa Motohiro , Wakakura Masato , Ishii Kenji , Ishiwata Kiichi , Mochizuki Manabu 
Published: February 2012

AbstractThe purpose of this study was investigate functional alteration in the brains of patients with hemifacial spasm using positron emission tomography (PET). We studied cerebral glucose metabolism using PET with 18F‐fluorodeoxyglucose in 13 patients with right lateral hemifacial spasm and 13 with left lateral hemifacial spasm. All patients underwent 2 PET scans before treatment (active state) and after treatment (suppressive state) with the botulinum neurotoxin type A. At the time of the PET scans, the severity of the spasm was rated according to the Jankovic Disability Rating Scale. We also used magnetic resonance imaging to evaluate the grade of neurovascular compression in each patient using scores of 1 to 3 (1 = mild, 3 = severe). Fifty‐two normal volunteers were examined as controls. Compared with controls, patients with right and left hemifacial spasm showed bilateral cerebral glucose hypermetabolism in the thalamus in both the active and suppressive states. However, thalamic glucose metabolism after the suppressive state was significantly reduced compared with that in the active state using region of interest analysis. There was a positive correlation between the severity of the spasm in the active state and the score of neurovascular compression (rs = 0.65) that was estimated using Spearman order correlation coefficient. We observed bilateral cerebral glucose hypermetabolism in the thalamus of patients with hemifacial spasm. The thalamic glucose hypermetabolism may be attributed to multiple sources, including afferent input from the skin and muscle spindle, antidromic conduction of the facial nerve, and secondary alteration in the central nervous system. © 2012 Movement Disorder Society
Epidural premotor cortical stimulation in primary focal dystonia: Clinical and 18F‐fluoro deoxyglucose positron emission tomography open study
Authors: Lalli Stefania , Piacentini Sylvie , Franzini Angelo , Panzacchi Andrea , Cerami Chiara , Messina Giuseppe , Ferré Francesca , Perani Daniela , Albanese Alberto 
Published: February 2012

AbstractThe aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of epidural premotor stimulation in patients with primary focal dystonia. Seven patients were selected: 6 had cervical dystonia and 1 had right upper limb dystonia. In 2 patients, sustained muscle contractions led to a prevalently fixed head posture. Patients with cervical dystonia received a bilateral implant, whereas the patient with hand dystonia received a unilateral implant. Neurological and neuropsychological evaluations were performed before surgery (baseline), and 1, 3, 6, and 12 months afterward. The Burke‐Fahn‐Marsden scale (BFMS) and the Toronto Western spasmodic torticollis rating scale (TWSTRS) were administered at the same time points. Patients underwent resting 18F‐fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) scans, before and 12 months after surgery. No adverse events occurred. An overall improvement was observed on the BFMS and TWSTRS after surgery. Patients with prevalently fixed cervical dystonia had a reduced benefit. Presurgical neuroimaging revealed a significant bilateral metabolic increase in the sensorimotor areas, which was reduced after surgery. © 2012 Movement Disorder Society
Soliton spin manipulation using an optical add‐drop filter
Authors: Mitatha S. , Glomglome S. , Teeka C. , Yupapin P. P. 
Published: February 2012

AbstractBy using the optical add‐drop filter which is formed by a microring resonator.After a dark soliton pulse is fed into an input port of the add‐drop filter, the orthogonal soliton pair (dark and bright solitons) can be formed within the system and detected simultaneously at the output ports. Under the resonant condition, the conversion of dark and bright solitons corresponding to the left‐hand and right hand soliton orientations can be generated and seen. Whenever a soliton(photon) is absorbed by an object, an angular momentum of either +h or −h is imparted to the object, in which two possible soliton states known as soliton spins are exhibited and confirmed by the helical phase presentation. In application, the train of orthogonal solitons, that is, many solitons (photons) with slightly different wavelengths can be generated by using the modified add‐drop filter, which is available for many soliton spin investigations. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 54:1100–1103, 2012; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.26671
Design of a UWB wide‐slot antenna with 5.2‐/5.8‐GHz dual notched bands using modified electromagnetic band‐gap structures
Authors: Yang Yi , Yin Ying‐Zeng , Sun An‐Feng , Jing Shao‐Hong 
Published: February 2012

AbstractIn this article, a novel ultra‐wideband (UWB) wide‐slot antenna with dual band‐notched characteristics is proposed. The original UWB antenna is composed of a fork‐shaped feed structure and a ground plane with a quasi‐semicircular slot. The 5.2‐/5.8‐GHz wireless local area network notched bands are realized by the introduction of modified mushroom‐type semicircular electromagnetic band‐gap structures. The antenna is etched on a 35 × 35 mm2 substrate. The measured results show that the proposed antenna achieves a wide impedance bandwidth (VSWR < 2) from 2.73 to over 12 GHz with dual notched bands (VSWR > 2) covering 4.55–5.46 GHz and 5.68–6.35 GHz successfully. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 54:1069–1075, 2012; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.26672
Strong FEM Formulation for quasi‐static analysis of shielded striplines in anisotropic homogeneous dielectric
Authors: Mančić Žaklina J. , Petrovic Vladimir V. 
Published: February 2012

AbstractWe present the strong finite element method formulation for 2D closed electrostatic problems in anisotropic homogeneous dielectric. Hierarchical higher (arbitrary) order strong basis functions are applied. Results for effective permittivity and characteristic impedance of shielded striplines are given and compared with results obtained by a commercial software. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 54:1001–1006, 2012; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.26676
Numerical and experimental investigations of defected ground triangular‐shaped power divider for C‐band applications
Authors: Ahmed Osama M. H. , Elboushi A. , Sebak Abdel‐Razik , Denidni Tayeb A. 
Published: February 2012

AbstractIn this letter, the numerical and experimental investigation of triangular‐shaped microstrip power divider is designed for C‐band applications using defected ground structure (DGS).Numerical simulations are carried out using different computer‐aided design tools based on different numerical techniques, i.e., Ansoft HFSS and CST Microwave Studio. Good agreement is found between the calculated results using both HFSS and CST. A parametric study is carried out to address the effect of DGS parameters on the performance of the proposed triangular‐shaped microstrip power divider. A power divider prototype is fabricated and tested experimentally. Measured results agree well with numerically calculated results. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 54:1022–1028, 2012; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.26685
Tunable impedance transformer using multiconductor coupled lines
Authors: Jeong Jinho , Kim Junghyun , Jeon Sanggeun 
Published: February 2012

AbstractA new tunable impedance transformer is presented using multiconductor coupled line of quarter‐wave length.The switches are connected at the ends of the conductor lines in the coupled line, and they are used to adjust the equivalent capacitance of the line. It leads to the variation of characteristic impedance of the quarter‐wave long line, resulting in the tunable impedance transformer. The measurement around 1.9 GHz shows that the characteristic impedance of the transformer using five‐conductor coupled line can be adjusted from 29.5 to 56.5 Ω. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 54:851–853, 2012; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.26690
Atom bottom‐up manipulation controlled by light for nanobattery use
Authors: Ismail F. D. , Teeka C. , Ali J. , Yupapin P. P. 
Published: February 2012

AbstractWe propose a new design of the atom bottom‐up technique that uses an optical trapping tool to form the atom trapping layer within a thin film grating. By using a PANDA ring resonator, where atoms can be trapped, pumped and controlled by light, where finally, the trapped atoms/molecules can be selected, filtered, and embedded within the required thin film grating layers, which later can form the nanobattery. In application, P‐type or N‐type atom can be prepared, trapped and embedded within the desired thin film layers, where finally, the nanobattery can be manipulated. The theoretical background of light pulse in a PANDA ring resonator is also reviewed. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 54:1097–1100, 2012; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.26691
A 77‐GHz miniaturized slow‐wave SIR bandpass filter fabricated using 0.18‐μm standard CMOS technology
Authors: Lin Hong‐Ru , Hsu Cheng‐Ying , Chuang Huey‐Ru , Chen Chu‐Yu 
Published: February 2012

AbstractThis article presents a 77‐GHz miniaturized on‐chip bandpass filter using a 0.18‐μm standard CMOS process. At first the stepped impedance resonator is used to reduce the length of the stub resonator. Then the slotted ground slow‐wave structure (SGSWS) is applied for further reducion of the overall component size. The size of the designed filter with SGSWS is smaller than that of the original stub filter with a size reduction of 40% when operating at the same resonant frequency. The simulated and measured results are in good agreement. The return loss is better than 15 dB within the passband and a low insertion loss of 2.9 dB is obtained. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 54:1063–1066, 2012; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.26693
Double H‐shaped metamaterial resonator for low phase noise voltage controlled oscillator
Authors: Lee Chongmin , Seo Chulhun 
Published: February 2012

AbstractIn this article, we propose a voltage controlled oscillator (VCO) using a double H‐shaped metamaterial resonator (DHMR) based on a high Q value.The proposed DHMR exhibits a metamaterial characteristic which has a zero phase coefficient at the vicinity of resonance frequency. The proposed DHMR is designed to be a high Q by a strong coupling of the E‐field at the resonance frequency. These characteristics made phase noise performance in the synthesizer using the proposed VCO excellent. The proposed VCO with DHMR is designed to apply to an X‐Band frequency synthesizer of radar systems. The output power, the phase noise and the tuning range are 7.33 dBm, −121.3 dBc/Hz at 100 kHz offset carrier frequency and over 120 MHz, respectively. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 54:1059–1063, 2012; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.26694
IE‐FFT for the combined field integral equation applied to electrically large objects
Authors: Xie Jia‐Ye , Zhou Hou‐Xing , Li Wei‐Dong , Hong Wei 
Published: February 2012

AbstractA new scheme of the integral equation fast Fourier transform for the combined field integral equation applied to electrically large objects is presented in this article. Lagrange interpolation is applied to the gradient of the Green's function on regular Cartesian grids, which is similar to the method of interpolating the Green's function. Compared with the gradient operator acting on the interpolated Green's function, the present method can provide higher accuracy with slightly more storage. The error analysis and some numerical examples are provided to demonstrate the accuracy and efficiency of the proposed scheme. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 54:891–896, 2012; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.26697
Multi‐functional channel selective RF receiver system for low‐power sensor network applications
Authors: Lee Kyoung‐Joo , Lee Heejong , Kim Young‐Sik , Lim Jongsik , Han Sang‐Min 
Published: February 2012

AbstractA novel multifunctional channel selective RF receiver system architecture is proposed for low‐power sensor networks. The proposed system can recognize received radio channels at an RF front‐end process by a frequency‐to‐voltage conversion technique. Moreover, the dual system‐functionalities can be performed from a common detection circuit for the spectrum sensing and digital data recovery, simultaneously. The multifunctional system has been designed and implemented for the performance evaluations. From the experimental results, the on‐off keying modulated RF signal with 50 kHz data rate has been sensed at a carrier frequency of 2.4 GHz with an excellent resolution. Thanks to the simply architecture, it is expected to contribute to efficient sensor receiver design technologies such as small form‐factor, high‐speed sensing, low‐power, and multifunctionality. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 54:847–851, 2012; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.26699
Design and implementation of UWB planar monopole antenna with dual‐band rejection characteristics
Authors: Kim Woo Chan , Yang Woon Geun 
Published: February 2012

AbstractIn this letter, we design a planar monopole antenna with dual‐band rejection characteristics for ultrawideband (UWB) wireless communication.The proposed antenna has a radiating patch with two slots. Owing to these two slots, dual‐notched properties are achieved in the world interoperability for microwave access and wireless local area network bands. A high‐frequency structure simulator is used to analyze the proposed antenna in the design process and to compare the simulation and experimental results. The bandwidth of the proposed antenna is measured as 3.0–11.0 GHz for voltage standing wave ratio of less than 2, except for the dual rejection bands of 3.13–3.83 GHz and 5.10–5.80 GHz. The measured maximum gain is ∼7.51 dBi at 10.0 GHz. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 54:990–993, 2012; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.26707
Design of a microstrip‐fed monopole antenna with a rectangular slit ground and a rectangular projection strip for dual‐band WLAN operations
Authors: Yoon JoongHan , RLee Young Chul 
Published: February 2012

AbstractIn this study, a novel dual‐band planar monopole antenna for wireless local area network (WLAN) application was designed, fabricated, and measured.The proposed antenna was fabricated on a low‐cost, easily available FR4 substrate, which effectively covers both the 2.4GHz and 5.2/5.8‐GHz WLAN bands. The proposed antenna consists of two branches, an asymmetric ground plane, a rectangular projection strip, and a rectangular slit in the ground plane. The rectangular projection strip and the rectangular slit in the ground plane were introduced to enhance the performance of the proposed antenna. The obtained numerical results agree well with the experiment data. It was validated that the configuration can meet the demands of WLAN systems and effectively enhanced the impedance bandwidth to 39.7% for the lower band and 23.1% for the upper band when the impedance bandwidth was −10 dB. This article also presents and discusses the 2D radiation patterns and gains according to the results of the experiment that was conducted. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 54:1039–1044, 2012; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.26725