bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Laboratory Diagnosis of Tuberculous Meningitis – Is There a Scope for Further Improvement?
Authors: Thakur Rajeev , Goyal Renu , Sarma Smita 
Published: July 2010

ABSTRACT
Aims: Tuberculous meningitis (TBM) still remains a diagnostic challenge because of inconsistent clinical presentation and lack of rapid, sensitive and specific tests. This study was carried out to diagnose TBM by a combination of direct microscopy on Ziehl-Neelsen (ZN) staining, culture by conventional Lowenstein Jensen (LJ) media and Bactec MGIT 960 system in clinically suspected cases, supported by laboratory parameters.
Materials and Methods: A total of 164 cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples from suspected cases of TBM were processed for direct acid fast bacilli (AFB) smear examination, and culture on Bactec MGIT 960 and LJ media.
Results: AFB were detected on direct smears in 13 of 164 (7.9%) specimens and Mycobacterium tuberculosis was isolated by at least one of the culture methods from 49 (29.8%) CSF samples, of which 45 (27.4%) were detected positive for M. tuberculosis by MGIT 960 culture and 18 (10.9%) by culture on LJ medium. The mean time of detection in MGIT and LJ media for M. tuberculosis were 18 and 38 days, respectively.
Conclusions: A combination of laboratory parameters like smear microscopy, conventional culture and automated method like Bactec MGIT increases the sensitivity of diagnosing TBM as compared to any single method.
Fusarium solani: An Emerging Fungus in Chronic Diabetic Ulcer
Authors: Pai Ramakrishna , Boloor Rekha , K. Shreevidya , Shenoy Divakar 
Published: July 2010

ABSTRACT
Fusarium species, a mold which causes disease mainly in plants has emerged as pathogen in immunocompromised patients. Fusarium is known to cause keratitis, onychomycosis, and endophthalmitis. Fusarium solani, is the most common isolate from clinical specimen. Here is a case, a 65-year-old male with type II diabetes mellitus since 10 years presented with a large ulcer on the left leg since 8 months following trauma. The fungal culture of the escar of the ulcer isolated a mold, Fusarium solani. The patient’s leg was amputated and was treated with amphotericin B. The patient was discharged on healing of the stump. This case gives emphasis on fungal culture in chronic diabetic ulcer.
Detection of Human Papillomavirus in Cervical Gradings by Immunohistochemistry and Typing of HPV 16 and 18 in High-Grades by Polymerase Chain Reaction
Authors: Soma Mrudula , Kamaraj Suhasini 
Published: July 2010

ABSTRACT
Background: Cervical cancer has a major impact on developing countries, where screening programs are not well established or effective.
Aim: This study aims to investigate Human papillomavirus (HPV) 6, 11 and 18 expression in cervical biopsies by immunohistochemistry, (IHC) followed by typing of high-risk HPV 16 and 18 in high-grades by polymerase chain reaction (PCR).
Settings and Design: During the study period of six months, 30 biopsy samples were obtained from patients attending various gynecology clinics in and around Trichy District, Tamil Nadu, between January and June 2009.
Materials and Methods: The ecto- and endoscopic biopsy specimens of the cervix were fixed in 10% buffered formalin; routine paraffin sections were taken for processing and stained with hematoxylin and eosin. The samples were graded as Normal cervicitis, Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) I, II, III, and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), for original diagnosis by pathologists. The extra sections were studied for the expression of HPV 6, 11 and 18 by immunohistochemistry and HPV DNA 16 and18 by PCR.
Results: Out of thirty samples, 15 expressed positive and 15 negative for HPV marker. Twenty-seven cases of cervical gradings have been categorized into high grade CIN II/III, SCC (23) and low grade CIN I (4). The high grades were subjected to PCR for high-risk typing. The results revealed that 15 cases were positive for HPV genotype 16 and eight cases for HPV genotype 18. The prevalence of HPV infection was found to be higher in women aged between 50 and 59.
Conclusion: This study reveals a significant detection of HPV in the South Indian suspected individuals, by the use of advanced techniques such as IHC and PCR.
Stochastic Morphometric Model of the Balb/c Mouse Lung
Authors: Madl Pierre , Hofmann Werner , Oldham Michael J. , Asgharian Bahman 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThe laboratory mouse is often used as a human surrogate in aerosol inhalation studies. Morphometric data on the tracheobronchial geometry of three in situ lung casts of the Balb/c mouse lung produced by the Air Pollution Health Effects Laboratory were analyzed in terms of probability density functions and correlations among the different airway parameters. The results of this statistical analysis reveal significant differences in diameters and branching angles between major and minor progeny branching off from the same parent airway at a given airway bifurcation. Number of bronchial airways generations along a given path, expressed by the termination probability, branching angles, and daughter‐to‐parent diameter ratios indicate that the location of an airway with defined linear airway dimensions within the lung is more appropriately identified by its diameter (or its parent diameter) than by an assigned generation number. We, therefore, recommend classifying the mouse lung airways by their diameters and not by generation numbers, consistent with our previous analysis of the rather monopodial structure of the rat lung (Koblinger et al., J Aerosol Med 1995;8:7–19; Koblinger and Hofmann, J Aerosol Med 1995;8:21–32). Because of lack of corresponding information on respiratory airways, a partly stochastic symmetric acinar airway model was attached to the tracheobronchial model, in which the number of acinar airways along a given path was randomly selected from a measured acinar volume distribution. The computed distributions of the geometric airway parameters and their correlations will be used for random pathway selection of inhaled particles in subsequent Monte Carlo deposition calculations. Anat Rec 293:1766–1786, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The Pleural Curtain of the Camel (Camelus dromedarius)
Authors: Buzzell Gerald R. , Kinne Joerg , Tariq Saeed , Wernery Ulrich 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThe visceral pleura of the camel (Camelus dromedarius) possesses a fibrous curtain of pleural threads or extensions along its basal margins, which extends into the pleural cavity of the costophrenic recesses. These threads are lined by mesothelium and have a core or stroma, which is largely collagenous. Small threads are avascular and nearly acellular. In larger proximal threads, blood vessels in the stroma are often arranged in a branching network, with irregular endothelia surrounded by several incomplete basal laminae. Lymphocytes and other inflammatory cell types aggregate in the stroma near blood vessels. The threads are lined by typical mesothelium except in patches close to the main pleural surface. These patches consist of layers of loosely applied cells with numerous cellular processes and features suggestive of phagocytosis. The position of the pleural curtain in the costophrenic recess and the presence of possibly phagocytotic cells suggest that the pleural curtain stirs, samples, and cleans the pleural fluid. The pleural curtain appears to be a feature of camelids and has also been seen in giraffes. Anat Rec 293:1776–1786, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Evaluation of different two‐dimensional chromatographic techniques for proteomic analysis of mouse cardiac tissue
Authors: Callipo Luciano , Capriotti Anna Laura , Cavaliere Chiara , Gubbiotti Riccardo , Samperi Roberto , Laganà Aldo 
Published: July 2010

AbstractIn proteomics experiments the first critical step after sampling is certainly sample preparation. Multidimensional chromatography techniques have emerged as a powerful tool for the large‐scale analysis of such complex samples as biological samples. In order to evaluate these separation techniques, microgram quantities of protein extracted from mouse heart tissue were fractionated by four different chromatographic methods. Regarding peptide‐level fractionation, the first dimension of separation was performed with high‐pH reversed‐phase chromatography (pH‐RP) and strong cation exchange chromatography (SCX). Regarding protein‐level fractionation, C8 protein reversed‐phase (C8‐RP Prot) and high‐recovery protein reversed‐phase (hr‐RP Prot) were used instead. The second dimension consisted of a reversed‐phase nano‐HPLC on‐Chip coupled to an electrospray ionization quadrupole time‐of‐flight mass spectrometer for tandem mass spectrometric analysis. The performance and relative fractionation efficiencies of each technique were assessed by comparing the total number of proteins identified by each method. The peptide‐level pH‐RP and the hr‐RP Prot protein‐level separations were the best methods, identifying 1338 and 1303 proteins, respectively. The peptide‐level SCX, with 509 proteins identified, was the worst method. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Imidazolium Polyoxometalate: An Ionic Liquid Catalyst for Esterification and Oxidative Esterification
Authors: Li Huan , Qiao Yunxiang , Hua Li , Hou Zhenshan , Feng Bo , Pan Zhenyan , Hu Yu , Wang Xiangrui , Zhao Xiuge , Yu Yinyin 
Published: July 2010

AbstractA new family of polyoxometalate‐based ionic liquids (POM‐IL) is synthesized, characterized, and employed as catalysts in the esterification of various alcohols with acetic acid. The ionic liquid catalyst shows high activity and gives excellent yields of esters. An emulsion forms between the IL catalyst and substrates during the reaction and promotes the catalytic process. After reaction, the emulsion can conveniently be broken by the addition of a weakly polar organic solvent to facilitate the separation of the catalyst. On the basis of the above results, a direct transformation of benzaldehyde to methyl ester under relatively mild conditions is also developed in the absence of any cocatalyst. Finally, the scope of the substrates and recyclability of the catalyst are also investigated.
A pH‐Based High‐Throughput Screening of Sucrose‐Utilizing Transglucosidases for the Development of Enzymatic Glucosylation Tools
Authors: Champion Elise , Moulis Claire , Morel Sandrine , Mulard Laurence A. , Monsan Pierre , Remaud‐Siméon Magali , André Isabelle 
Published: July 2010

AbstractSucrose‐utilizing transglucosidases are valuable enzymatic tools for the diversification of carbohydrate‐based molecules. Among them, recombinant amylosucrase from Neisseria polysaccharea is a glucansucrase that naturally catalyzes the synthesis of an amylose‐like polymer as well as the transglucosylation of exogenous hydroxylated acceptors. A semirational engineering approach was recently undertaken to redesign the enzyme active site and adapt it to the glucosylation of a nonnatural acceptor, allyl 2‐N‐acetyl‐2‐deoxy‐α‐D‐glucopyranoside (α‐D‐GlcpNAcOAll), to produce a key building block in the chemoenzymatic synthesis of Shigella flexneri 1b serotype O‐antigen repeating unit. This prior work shows the beneficial effect of single amino acid mutations at two positions (228 and 290) on the recognition of the acceptor by amylosucrase. On the basis of these first results, a library of about 8000 amylosucrase variants combining mutations at these two positions is constructed by saturation mutagenesis. The library is prescreened using a novel pH‐sensitive colorimetric screening method for the detection of sucrose‐utilizing amylosucrase variants, thereby reducing by about 95 % the size of the library to be subsequently screened for acceptor glucosylation. Active clones (5 % of the initial library) are then screened for acceptor recognition, leading to the isolation of 20 variants of potential interest for the production of the target disaccharide α‐D‐Glcp‐(1→4)‐α‐D‐GlcpNAc.
ChemInform Abstract: Novel Stannite‐Type Complex Sulfide Photocatalysts A2I‐Zn‐AIV‐S4 (AI: Cu and Ag; AIV: Sn and Ge) for Hydrogen Evolution under Visible‐Light Irradiation.
Authors: Tsuji Issei , Shimodaira Yoshiki , Kato Hideki , Kobayashi Kobayashi , Kudo Akihiko 
Published: July 2010

AbstractRu cocatalyst‐loaded Cu2ZnGeS4, Ag2ZnGeS4, and Ag2ZnSnS4 show high activities for photocatalytic H2 evolution from an aqueous solution of Na2S and K2SO3 solution under visible‐light irradiation.
ChemInform Abstract: Two Related Porous Thioindates with T3 Clusters, (H2DAH) 3In10S18·6H2O and (H2DAH)3In10S18.
Authors: Zhang Ming‐Hui , Zhu Qin‐Yu , Bian Guo‐Qing , Lei Zhi‐Xin , Jiang Jian‐Bing , Dai Jie 
Published: July 2010

AbstractCompounds (II) and (III) are structurally characterized by single crystal XRD.
ChemInform Abstract: Structure and Physical Properties of the Layered Pnictide‐Oxides: (SrF)2Ti2Pn2O (Pn: As, Sb) and (SmO)2Ti2Sb2O.
Authors: Liu R. H. , Song Y. A. , Li Q. J. , Ying J. J. , Yan Y. J. , He Y. , Chen X. H. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThe title compounds are prepared by solid state reactions using SrPn (Pn: As, Sb), SrF2, Sm2O3, TiO2, and Ti as starting materials (1000—1150 °C, 50 h) and characterized by powder XRD, resistivity, susceptibility, Hall coefficient, thermoelectric power, and heat capacity measurements.
ChemInform Abstract: Polymer‐Supported, Carbon Dioxide‐Protected N‐Heterocyclic Carbenes: Synthesis and Application in Organo‐ and Organometallic Catalysis.
Authors: Pawar Gajanan Manohar , Buchmeiser Michael R. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThe resin‐bond NHC‐based catalyst is prepared and used for a series of organocatalytic reactions such as cyanosilylation of carbonyl compounds as well as for trimerization reaction of isocyanates.
ChemInform Abstract: Resolution of N‐Protected Amino Alcohols by Porcine Pancreatic Lipase.
Authors: Magrioti Victoria , Fotakopoulou Irene , Athinaios Nicolaos , Anastasopoulou Panoula , Constantinou‐Kokotou Violetta , Kokotos George 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThe resolution of 2‐amino alcohols (II), protected by urethane‐type groups, either via porcine pancreatic lipase (PPL) hydrolysis of the corresponding racemic acetates (I) or via PPL‐catalyzed transesterification of racemic alcohols (II) is studied.
ChemInform Abstract: Immobilization of MacMillan Imidazolidinone as Mac‐SILC and Its Catalytic Performance on Sustainable Enantioselective Diels—Alder Cycloaddition.
Authors: Hagiwara Hisahiro , Kuroda Toshihiro , Hoshi Takashi , Suzuki Toshio 
Published: July 2010

AbstractMacMillans imidazolidinone catalyst is immobilized as a supported ionic liquid catalyst (Mac‐SILC) in the pores of silica gel with the aid of the ionic liquid [bmim]NTf2.
ChemInform Abstract: Size Control of Catalytic Reaction Space by Intercalation of Alkylcarboxylate Anions into Ni—Zn Mixed Basic Salt Interlayer: Application for Knoevenagel Reaction in Water.
Authors: Hara Takayoshi , Kurihara Jun , Ichikuni Nobuyuki , Shimazu Shogo 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThe interlayer space of layered Ni‐Zn mixed basic salt can be controlled precisely by the intercalation of various carboxylate anions.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Cyclohexene Derivatives from 1,5‐Enynes via Gold‐Catalysis and Iodocyclization: A Comparative Study and Applications in the Synthesis of 7/5‐ or 8/5‐Fused Rings and Biaryls.
Authors: Lee Youngun , Lim Choongmin , Kim Sunghwan , Shin Seunghoon 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThe 1,5‐enyne cyclization of a variety of substrates in the presence of a gold catalyst or IBr is studied.
ChemInform Abstract: Highly Efficient, Facile, Room‐Temperature Intermolecular [5 + 2] Cycloadditions Catalyzed by Cationic Rhodium(I): One Step to Cycloheptenes and Their Libraries.
Authors: Wender Paul A. , Sirois Lauren E. , Stemmler Rene T. , Williams Travis J. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractVinylcyclopropanes react with a wide range of terminal and internal alkynes to give the target compounds predominantly in a few minutes.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of (1‐Allylcyclohexa‐2,5‐dienyl)arenes.
Authors: Rousseau Geraldine , Robert Frederic , Landais Yannick 
Published: July 2010

AbstractBased on a straightforward arylation—alkylation sequence of cyclohexa‐1,3‐dione and following three‐step one‐pot reductive elimination, a general procedure for the synthesis of 1,1‐disubstituted cyclohexa‐2,5‐dienes is presented.
ChemInform Abstract: Iron/Iron Oxide Nanoparticles: A Versatile Support for Catalytic Metals and Their Application in Suzuki—Miyaura Cross‐Coupling Reactions.
Authors: Zhou Shuai , Johnson Melanie , Veinot Jonathan G. C. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractIron/iron oxide core shell nanoparticles are a versatile support for immobilizing catalytic metals.
ChemInform Abstract: Efficient Synthesis of Triarylmethanes via Bisarylation of Aryl Aldehydes with Arenes Catalyzed by Silica Gel Supported Sodium Hydrogen Sulfate.
Authors: Leng Yixin , Chen Fang , Zuo Li , Duan Wenhu 
Published: July 2010

AbstractBisarylation of various aromatic aldehydes with electron‐rich arenes under conditions A) constitutes a novel access to triarylmethanes.
ChemInform Abstract: Rh(II) Catalyzed Three‐Component Reactions of Diazoacetates with Benzenemethanol and Indane‐1,2,3‐triones.
Authors: Guo Xin , Wang Jingjing , Yang Liping , Hu Wenhao 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThe title reaction affords 2‐substituted ‐2‐hydroxyindane‐1,3‐diones (IV) in low to moderate yields.
ChemInform Abstract: Diverse Methyl Sulfone Containing Benzo[b]thiophene Library via Iodocyclization and Palladium‐Catalyzed Coupling.
Authors: Cho Chul‐Hee , Neuenswander Benjamin , Larock Richard C. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThe 72‐membered, parallel benzo[b]thiophene library is prepared by reactions of 13 iodocyclization products with 13 arylboronic acids, 7 alkynes, 3 styrenes, 12 amines, and 3 alcohols using Suzuki—Miyaura, Sonogashira, Heck, aminocarbonylation, and carboalkoxylation chemistry.
ChemInform Abstract: Highly Enantioselective Synthesis of 3‐Cycloalkanone‐3‐hydroxy‐2‐oxindoles, Potential Anticonvulsants.
Authors: Raj Monika , Veerasamy Nagarathanam , Singh Vinod K. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractA direct catalytic asymmetric approach to the target compounds proceeds via reaction of isatins with cyclohexanone in the presence of CDA.
ChemInform Abstract: Stereoselective Synthesis of Substituted 2‐(Z‐Styrylsulfonyl)‐1H‐imidazoles and Benzothiazole.
Authors: Guravaiah N. , Rao V. Rajeswar 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThe novel two‐step access to title compounds (IV) leads stereoselectively to the (Z)‐styrylthio derivatives (III) which can be oxidized with retention of the geometry.
ChemInform Abstract: Design and Synthesis of Novel 5‐Acetylthiomethyl Oxazolidinone Analogues.
Authors: Chen Lei , Wang Jian‐Wei , Hai Li , Wang Guang‐Ming , Wu Yong 
Published: July 2010

AbstractBased on SAR studies, a series of novel 5‐acetylthiomethyl oxazolidinones (X) is synthesized.
ChemInform Abstract: Gallium(III) Chloride as an Efficient New Catalyst for the Production of Hantzsch 1,4‐Dihydropyridines.
Authors: Kumar Dhruva , Saini Anil , Suresh Suresh , Sandhu Jagir S. 
Published: July 2010

Abstract1,4‐Dihydropyridines (III) are prepared from aldehydes, 1,3‐dicarbonyl compounds and ammonium acetate using GaCl3 as catalyst under solvent‐free conditions.
ChemInform Abstract: ZnO Nanoparticle Promoted Synthesis of Polyhydroquinoline Derivatives via Multicomponent Hantzsch Reaction.
Authors: Kassaee M. Z. , Masrouri Hassan , Movahedi Farnaz 
Published: July 2010

AbstractZinc oxide nanoparticles are employed as an efficient and heterogeneous catalyst in the one‐pot, four‐component Hantzsch synthesis.
ChemInform Abstract: Synergistic Effect of Pd(II) and Acid Catalysts on Tandem Annulation Reaction for the Regioselective Synthesis of Ring‐Fused Quinolines.
Authors: Ock Su Kyung , Youn So Won 
Published: July 2010

AbstractA new tandem reaction of o‐alkynylanilines (I) with aldehydes (II) is catalyzed by Pd(II) and TosOH for the regioselective synthesis of ring‐fused quinolines (III) (16 examples).
ChemInform Abstract: Microwave‐Promoted One‐Pot Syntheses of Coumarin Dyes.
Authors: Nourmohammadian Farahnaz , Gholami Mahnaz Davoodzadeh 
Published: July 2010

AbstractAn optimized three‐component, one‐pot synthesis of benzoxazole‐ or benzimidazole‐ substituted coumarins (IV) is presented and a possible mechanism is discussed.
ChemInform Abstract: A Facile Microwave‐Induced Synthesis of Heterocyclic Compounds and a Dialdehyde from a Naturally Occurring Limonoid.
Authors: Bhattacharyya Nayan Kamal , Kataky J. C. S. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractCompounds (V), (VI), and (VIII) are prepared using (I) as starting material which can be isolated from the dry fruits of Chisocheton paniculatus (some yields not given).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Ophiocerins from Non‐Carbohydrate Sources.
Authors: Hong Huijeong , Lee Dong‐Min , Kang Han‐Young 
Published: July 2010

AbstractDirect and unified synthetic routes to ophiocerins A (III), B (V), C (VI) and ophiocerin D are developed using ring‐closing metathesis reactions of acyclic dienes as the key step.
ChemInform Abstract: Determination of Absolute Configuration of Trimeric Indole Alkaloid, Psychotrimine, by First Asymmetric Total Synthesis.
Authors: Takahashi Nobuaki , Ito Takeshi , Matsuda Yohei , Kogure Noriyuki , Kitajima Mariko , Takayama Hiromitsu 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThe first total synthesis of psychotrimine (I) is accomplished via an asymmetric Ireland—Claisen rearrangement to construct the quaternary carbon center, thereby establishing the absolute configuration.
ChemInform Abstract: Alkyne Elementometalation—Pd‐Catalyzed Cross‐Coupling. Toward Synthesis of All Conceivable Types of Acyclic Alkenes in High Yields, Efficiently, Selectively, Economically, and Safely: “Green” Way.
Authors: Negishi Ei‐ichi , Wang Guangwei , Rao Honghua , Xu Zhaoqing 
Published: July 2010

AbstractReview: about 200 refs.
Dehydratisierung von Glycerin zu Acrolein in der Gasphase an geträgerten Heteropolysäure‐ Katalysatoren
Authors: Armbruster U. , Atia H. , Martin A. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractDer Einsatz nachwachsender Rohstoffe in chemischen Stoffwandlungen hat in den letzten Jahren einen deutlichen Zuwachs erfahren. Das trifft insbesondere auch auf die Nutzung von Glycerin zu, das gegenwärtig als Nebenprodukt der Biodiesel‐Produktion in ausreichendem Maße zur Verfügung steht. Eine interessante Anwendung stellt die Dehydratisierung von Glycerin zu Acrolein dar. Die vorliegende Arbeit widmet sich der Nutzung von geträgerten wolframhaltigen Heteropolysäuren (HSiW) als heterogene Katalysatoren für oben genannte Reaktion in Langzeitstudien bis zu Reaktionszeiten von 300 h. Es konnte gezeigt werden, dass die Trägerung der Heteropolysäure zu deutlich erhöhten Katalysatoraktivitäten führt. Mit Aluminiumoxid‐geträgerten HSiW Katalysatoren wurden Acroleinselektivitäten bis 71 % bei einem Glycerinumsatz über 99,5 % erzielt.
Untersuchung der Vorhydrolyse von Lignocelluloserohstoffen mittels Steam Explosion
Authors: Lindorfer J. , Steinmüller H. , Auer W. , Jäger A. , Eder A. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractCellulose, neben Hemicellulose und Lignin ein Hauptbestandteil von biogenen Rest‐ und Rohstoffen wie z. B. Getreidestroh oder Holz, ist nach hydrolytischer Spaltung in monomere Zucker zu Basischemikalien wie Ethanol vergärbar. Zur Beschleunigung einer möglichen enzymatischen Hydrolyse ist eine effektive Vorbehandlung dieser Rohstoffe erforderlich. Die Vorbehandlung von Weizenstroh mittels Steam Explosion, einem Verfahren bei dem das biogene Material mit gesättigtem Wasserdampf unter Druck mit anschließender schlagartiger Entspannung zerfasert wird, wurde hinsichtlich Behandlungstemperatur und ‐dauer sowie gebildeter Abbauprodukte im 15‐L‐Maßstab untersucht, um aufbauend auf den Ergebnissen ein optimiertes Vorbehandlungsverfahren zur Nutzung dieser in hohem quantitativem Ausmaß zur Verfügung stehenden Rohstoffe entwickeln zu können.