bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Carburized, Lithium-doped Ni/ZrO2 for Preventing CO2 Conversion during CO Methanation
Authors: Nagai Masatoshi , Yamashita Shinpei 
Published: July 2012

Abstract
Doping 20 wt % Ni/ZrO2 with 0.1 and 1.0 wt % Li prevented the adsorption and methanation of CO2 and promoted the methanation of CO. Lithium-doped NiC formed the active site in the catalyst. Carburized undoped Ni/ZrO2, Cs-doped Ni/ZrO2, and reduced Li-doped Ni/ZrO2 catalysts did not prevent CO2 methanation.
Metal hypersensitivity testing in patients undergoing joint replacement
Authors: Granchi D. , Cenni E. , Giunti A. , Baldini N. 
Published: July 2012

We report a systematic review and meta-analysis of the peer-reviewed literature focusing on metal sensitivity testing in patients undergoing total joint replacement (TJR). Our purpose was to assess the risk of developing metal hypersensitivity post-operatively and its relationship with outcome and to investigate the advantages of performing hypersensitivity testing. We undertook a comprehensive search of the citations quoted in PubMed and EMBASE: 22 articles (comprising 3634 patients) met the inclusion criteria. The frequency of positive tests increased after TJR, especially in patients with implant failure or a metal-on-metal coupling. The probability of developing a metal allergy was higher post-operatively (odds ratio (OR) 1.52 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.06 to 2.31)), and the risk was further increased when failed implants were compared with stable TJRs (OR 2.76 (95% CI 1.14 to 6.70)). Hypersensitivity testing was not able to discriminate between stable and failed TJRs, as its predictive value was not statistically proven. However, it is generally thought that hypersensitivity testing should be performed in patients with a history of metal allergy and in failed TJRs, especially with metal-on-metal implants and when the cause of the loosening is doubtful.
The role of fusion in the management of burst fractures of the thoracolumbar spine treated by short segment pedicle screw fixation
Authors: Jindal N. , Sankhala S. S. , Bachhal V. 
Published: July 2012

The purpose of this study was to determine whether patients with a burst fracture of the thoracolumbar spine treated by short segment pedicle screw fixation fared better clinically and radiologically if the affected segment was fused at the same time. A total of 50 patients were enrolled in a prospective study and assigned to one of two groups. After the exclusion of three patients, there were 23 patients in the fusion group and 24 in the non-fusion group. Follow-up was at a mean of 23.9 months (18 to 30). Functional outcome was evaluated using the Greenough Low Back Outcome Score. Neurological function was graded using the American Spinal Injury Association Impairment Scale. Radiological outcome was assessed on the basis of the angle of kyphosis.Peri-operative blood transfusion requirements and duration of surgery were significantly higher in the fusion group (p = 0.029 and p < 0.001, respectively). There were no clinical or radiological differences in outcome between the groups (all outcomes p > 0.05). The results of this study suggest that adjunctive fusion is unnecessary when managing patients with a burst fracture of the thoracolumbar spine with short segment pedicle screw fixation.
Arthroscopic subacromial decompression is effective in selected patients with shoulder impingement syndrome
Authors: Magaji S. A. , Singh H. P. , Pandey R. K. 
Published: July 2012

A total of 92 patients with symptoms for over six months due to subacromial impingement of the shoulder, who were being treated with physiotherapy, were included in this study. While continuing with physiotherapy they waited a further six months for surgery. They were divided into three groups based on the following four clinical and radiological criteria: temporary benefit following steroid injection, pain in the mid-arc of abduction, a consistently positive Hawkins test and radiological evidence of impingement. Group A fulfilled all four criteria, group B three criteria and group C two criteria. A total of nine patients improved while waiting for surgery and were excluded, leaving 83 who underwent arthroscopic subacromial decompression (SAD). The new Oxford shoulder score was recorded pre-operatively and at three and 12 months post-operatively.A total of 51 patients (group A) had a significant improvement in the mean shoulder score from 18 (13 to 22) pre-operatively to 38 (35 to 42) at three months (p < 0.001). The mean score in this group was significantly better than in group B (21 patients) and C (11 patients) at this time. At one year patients in all groups showed improvement in scores, but patients in group A had a higher mean score (p = 0.01). At one year patients in groups A and B did better than those in group C (p = 0.01).Arthroscopic SAD is a beneficial intervention in selected patients. The four criteria could help identify patients in whom it is likely to be most effective.
Calcium Builds Strong Bones, and More Is Better—Correct? Well, Maybe Not
Authors: Jamal Sophie A. , Moe Sharon M. 
Published: July 2012

Summary
Calcium supplementation has been considered the gold standard therapy for osteoporosis in the general population. It is given in both the placebo and treatment groups of trials evaluating antifracture efficacy of new therapies. Similarly, calcium-based phosphate binders have been considered the gold standard comparator for all new phosphate binders. However, large randomized trials demonstrate conflicting data on the antifracture efficacy of calcium supplementation, particularly in high doses, in patients with osteoporosis without CKD. In addition, recent data suggest an increased risk for cardiovascular events. These new studies raise safety concerns for the general approach with calcium supplementation and binders. This review describes recent data on the adverse effects of calcium supplementation for osteoporosis and how these new data should affect the strategy for phosphate binder use in CKD.
Uterine Cervical Malignancy: Diagnostic Accuracy of MRI with Histopathologic Correlation
Authors: Shweel Mohammed A. , Abdel-Gawad Enas A. , Abdel-Gawad Ehab Ali , Abdelghany Hosny S. , Abdel-Rahman Alshimaa M. , Ibrahim Emad M. 
Published: July 2012

Objective:
Cervical cancer is the third most common malignancy in women worldwide. Accurate staging of the disease is crucial in planning the optimal treatment strategy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the assessment of extension and staging of cervical malignancy in correlation with histopathologic examination.

Materials and Methods:
Thirty females with untreated pathologically proven uterine cervical carcinoma were included in this prospective study. The patients were 40 - 65 years of age and their average age was 45 years. All patients were subjected to routine clinical staging workup and underwent MRI for preoperative staging. Preoperative MRI findings were reviewed and compared with the final pathological staging that is the Gold Standard of reference.

Results:
Histopathologic examination established that of the 30 tumors, 22 (73.3%) were squamous cell carcinoma. According to the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) staging criteria, 2/30 patients (6.6%) were stage IB, 12/30 (40.3%) were IIA, 8/30 were IIB (26.6%), and 8/30 (26.6%) were IVA. MRI had a sensitivity of 100% and specificity 85.7% in the detection of parametrial infiltration, and a sensitivity of 100% and specificity of 90% in the detection of vaginal infiltration. It was sensitive (100%) and specific (100%) in detecting tumor extension to the stroma, urinary bladder, and rectum. Pathological examination demonstrated stage IB cervical carcinoma in 2/30 patients (6.6%), stage IIA disease in 10/30 patients (33.3%), stage IIB in 6/30 patients (20%), and stage IV disease in 8/30 patients (26.6%). MRI features demonstrated stage IB in 2/30 patients (6.6%), stage IIA disease in 12/30 patients (40%), stage IIB in 8/30 patients (26.6%), and stage IV disease in 8/30 patients (26.6%). MRI staging of cervical carcinoma was in concordance with histopathologic staging in stages IB and IVA and over-staging in IIA and IIB stages.

Conclusion:
MRI is an optimal non-invasive modality for preoperative staging of uterine cervical malignancy, and crucial in subsequent more accurate treatment planning.
STRUCTURE ANALYSES OF SWOLLEN RUBBER–CARBON BLACK SYSTEMS BY USING CONTRAST VARIATION SMALL-ANGLE NEUTRON SCATTERING
Authors: Takenaka Mikihito , Nishitsuji Shotaro , Amino Naoya , Ishikawa Yasuhiro , Yamaguchi Daisuke , Koizumi Satoshi 
Published: July 2012

Abstract
In a previous study [Takenaka et al., Macromolecules 42, 308 (2009)], we have investigated the polymer layers absorbed on silica (Si) particles in rubber–Si systems with the contrast variation small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) method. We have investigated the polymer layers absorbed on carbon black (CB) particles in rubber–CB systems with contrast variation SANS method. The scattering intensities of specimens swollen by the solvents having various scattering length densities were measured. The contrast variation SANS for the specimens yielded partial scattering functions: the scattering function for polymer–polymer correlation SPP(q), the scattering function for CB–CB correlation SCC(q), and the scattering function for polymer–CB correlation SPC(q). The analyses of SCC(q) explored the structures of the aggregates formed by CB particles. The analyses of SPC(q) and SCC(q) clarified the existence of dense polymer layers around CB aggregates. Several characteristic parameters are estimated from the analyses, such as the size of aggregates, the thickness of layers, and the volume fractions of polymer layers and matrix. We found that the adsorption layer around CB aggregates is thicker than that around Si aggregates in rubber–Si systems.
Spatiotemporal Regulation of Chondrogenic Differentiation with Controlled Delivery of Transforming Growth Factor-β1 from Gelatin Microspheres in Mesenchymal Stem Cell Aggregates
Authors: Solorio Loran D. , Dhami Chirag D. , Dang Phuong N. , Vieregge Eran L. , Alsberg Eben 
Published: July 2012

AbstractThe precise spatial and temporal presentation of growth factors is critical for cartilage development, during which tightly controlled patterns of signals direct cell behavior and differentiation. Recently, chondrogenic culture of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) has been improved through the addition of polymer microspheres capable of releasing growth factors directly to cells within cellular aggregates, eliminating the need for culture in transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1)-containing medium. However, the influence of specific patterns of spatiotemporal growth factor presentation on chondrogenesis within microsphere-incorporated cell systems is unclear. In this study, we examined the effects of altering the chondrogenic microenvironment within hMSC aggregates through varying microsphere amount, growth factor concentration per microsphere, and polymer degradation time. Cartilage formation was evaluated in terms of DNA, glycosaminoglycan, and type II collagen in hMSCs from three donors. Chondrogenesis equivalent to or greater than that of aggregates cultured in medium containing TGF-β1 was achieved in some conditions, with varied differentiation based on the specific conditions of microsphere incorporation. A more spatially distributed delivery of TGF-β1 from a larger mass of fast-degrading microspheres improved differentiation by comparison with delivery from a smaller mass of microspheres with a higher TGF-β1 concentration per microsphere, although the total amount of growth factor per aggregate was the same. Results also indicated that the rate and degree of chondrogenesis varied on a donor-to-donor basis. Overall, this study elucidates the effects of varied conditions of TGF-β1-loaded microsphere incorporation on hMSC chondrogenesis, demonstrating that both spatiotemporal growth factor presentation and donor variability influence chondrogenic differentiation within microsphere-incorporated cellular constructs.
Well‐Defined Functional Linear Aliphatic Diblock Copolyethers: A Versatile Linear Aliphatic Polyether Platform for Selective Functionalizations and Various Nanostructures
Authors: Kwon Wonsang , Rho Yecheol , Kamoshida Kensuke , Kwon Kyung Ho , Jeong Youn Cheol , Kim Jonghyun , Misaka Hideki , Shin Tae Joo , Kim Jehan , Kim Kwang‐Woo , Jin Kyeong Sik , Chang Taihyun , Kim Heesoo , Satoh Toshifumi , Kakuchi Toyoji , Ree Moonhor 
Published: July 2012

AbstractLow‐temperature anionic ring‐opening homopolymerizations and copolymerizations of two glycidol derivatives (allyl glycidyl ether (AGE) and ethoxyethyl glycidyl ether (EEGE)) are studied using a metal‐free catalyst system, 3‐phenyl‐1‐propanol (PPA) (an initiator) and 1‐tert‐butyl‐4,4,4‐tris(dimethylamino)‐2,2‐bis[tris‐(dimethylamino)phosphoranylidenamino]‐2Λ5,4Λ5‐catenadi(phosphazene) (t‐Bu‐P4) (a promoter) in order to obtain well‐defined functional linear polyethers and diblock copolymers. With the aid of the catalyst system, AGE is found to successfully undergo anionic ring‐opening polymerization (ROP) even at room temperature (low reaction temperature) without any side reactions, producing well‐defined linear AGE‐homopolymer in a unimodal narrow molecular weight distribution. Under the same conditions, EEGE also undergoes polymerization, producing a linear EEGE‐homopolymer in a unimodal narrow molecular‐weight distribution. In this case, however, a side reaction (i.e., chain‐transfer reaction) is found to occur at low levels during the early stages of polymerization. The chemical properties of the monomers in the context of the homopolymerization reactions are considered in the design of a protocol used to synthesize well‐defined linear diblock copolyethers with a variety of compositions. The approach, anionic polymerization via the sequential step feed of AGE and EEGE as the first and second monomers, is found to be free from side reactions at room temperature. Each block of the obtained linear diblock copolymers undergoes selective deprotection to permit further chemical modification for selective functionalization. In addition, thermal properties and structures of the polymers and their post‐modification products are examined. Overall, this study demonstrates that a low‐temperature metal‐free anionic ROP using the PPA/t‐Bu‐P4 catalyst system is suitable for the production of well‐defined linear AGE‐homopolymers and their diblock copolymers with the EEGE monomer, which are versatile and selectively functionalizable linear aliphatic polyether platforms for a variety of post‐modifications, nanostructures, and their applications.
Auditory characteristics and therapeutic effects of enzyme replacement in mouse model of the mucopolysaccharidosis (MPS) II
Authors: Hong Sung Hwa , Chu Hosuk , Kim Ki Ryung , Ko Moon Hee , Kwon See Youn , Moon Il Joon , Chung Won‐Ho , Cho Yang‐Sun , Kim Chi‐Hwa , Suh Myung‐Whan , Choi Eun Wha , Sohn Young Bae , Park Sung Won , Kim Se‐Hwa , Cho Sung‐Yoon , Ko Ah‐Ra , Jin Dong‐Kyu 
Published: July 2012

AbstractMucopolysaccharidosis (MPS) II is an X‐linked metabolic disorder caused by dysfunction of iduronate‐2‐sulfatase (I2S). This abnormality causes the progressive accumulation of incompletely degraded glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) in the lysosomes. The auditory characteristics of MPS II in mouse models have not been reported. In this study, we evaluated the auditory characteristics of the MPS II in IDS knock‐out (IDS‐KO) mice. In addition, the effect of enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) on hearing was studied. The IDS‐KO mice had normal histology of the cochlea and retained good hearing at 7 weeks of age. However, at 17 weeks of age, the hearing thresholds of the IDS‐KO mice were elevated and exudates were found in the middle ear. The hearing thresholds of the enzyme‐treated IDS‐KO (IDS‐ERT) mice were similar to the wild‐type (WT) mice at 17 weeks. Moreover, the microstructure of the inner ear was similar to the IDS‐KO by transmission electron microscopy. The histology findings indicated that the microstructure of the inner ear was similar in comparisons between IDS‐KO and IDS‐ERT mice, even after 10 weeks of treatment. However, the hearing deficits in the MPS II mouse model can be prevented if ERT is started before the onset of hearing impairment. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Growth curves of Egyptian patients with Turner syndrome
Authors: El‐Bassyouni Hala T. , Afifi Hanan H. , Aglan Mona S. , Mahmoud Wael M. , Zaki Moushira E. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractThis study analyzes the body anthropometric measurements in females with Turner syndrome (TS) not treated with recombinant human growth hormone. Height, weight, head circumference, and body mass index (BMI) data were collected from 93 patients. Their ages ranged from 6 months to 24 years (mean 10 ± 4.3 years). Chromosomal analysis revealed: 55 patients with 45,X and 38 patients with mosaic karyotypes. Patients were divided into yearly age groups. Standard growth curves were constructed for these Egyptian Turner syndrome (TS) patients. Mean and standard deviations were estimated across the age groups. When comparing the mean heights of patients to the Egyptian standards, short stature (≤2 SD) was found in 96.8% of patients older than 6 years. Patients' mean weight and BMI were higher than controls. The mean height of the studied Egyptian patients was slightly lower than that of females with TS in UK and European patients. Therefore, local reference values are more appropriate than International standards. The charts presented here can be used to optimize routine healthcare for Egyptian TS patients. The use of growth charts specific for Egyptian TS patients can help to discover early physical developmental delay and suggests the necessity of looking for concomitant diseases affecting growth. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The Influence of the Metal on the Kinetics of Outer Sphere Redox Reactions
Authors: Iwasita T. , Schmickler W. , Schultze J. W. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractThe kinetic parameters of the outer sphere redox couple [Ru(NH3)6]2+/3+ were measured on six different metal electrodes. The reaction rate is independent of the substrate. The significance of these results for the electron transfer theory is discussed, and a new model for adiabatic electron transfer reactions is outlined.
Electrical and Magnetic Properties of the Liquid Tl‐BiTlTe3 System
Authors: Satow Tsuneo , Kanamori Hiroyuki , Uemura Osamu 
Published: July 2012

AbstractThe electrical conductivity, the magnetic susceptibility and the thermoelectric power of the liquid Tl‐BiTlTe3 system are measured as a function of temperature and composition from near the liquidus temperature up to 900 °C. The electrical conductivity of these alloys increases with increasing temperature, which however does not follow a simple Arrhenius type activation process because of a large metallic contribution. The diamagnetic susceptibility of the alloys decreases with increasing temperature, which seems to be mainly due to an increase in paramagnetic
Kinetics of the Reactions of CH2OH Radicals with O2and HO2
Authors: Grotheer Horst‐Henning , Riekert Gottfried , Meier Ulrich , Just Thomas 
Published: July 2012

AbstractThe rate coefficient of the reaction CH2OH + O2+ HO2+ CH2O (1) has been measured by discharge flow mass spectrometry‐technique under first order conditions with excess oxygen at room temperature to bek1= (9. 5 ± 2.5) · 10−12cm3s−1. Reaction (1) is followed by CH2OH + HO2→ products (4). The rate coefficientsk4could be inferred from HO2measurements to be 6 · 10−11cm3s−1, the uncertainty factor being 2.
Energy Distribution and Rotational Alignment in the NO Fragment after Photodissociation of Dimethyinitrosamine
Authors: Dubs Martin , Robert Huber J. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractThe energy distribution within the fragments of dimethylnitrosamine after photodissociation at 363.5 nm is summarized and the equations are given for the determination of the rotational alignment of photofragments detected by two‐photon laser‐induced fluorescence.
Preparation of Samples with High Enrichment in C‐13 by 12CF3I IRMPD
Authors: Cauchetier M. , Croix O. , Luce M. , Tistchenko S. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractIsotopic concentrations in 13C greater than 90% are obtained in one step by selective multiphoton dissociation of 12CF3I with a CO2 TEA laser as well by static methods (closed cell) and by dynamical methods (continuous flow), iodine being trapped by silver grid. After C2F6 purification, a sample with 90% in 13CF3I has been irradiated again and enriched to 99.93% in 13C with a 40% total yield in 13CF3I, i.e. an enrichment of 130000 in two steps was obtained.
IR‐laser Induced Conformational Intel‐conversions in Low‐temperature Matrices
Authors: Schrems Otto 
Published: July 2012

AbstractSingle photon IR‐laser chemistry has been used to study photorotamerization processes of 2‐fluoroethanol isolated in low‐temperature inert gas matrices by means of FT‐IR spectroscopy. The same technique has been applied successfully for selective interconversions of different conformational forms of hydrogen‐bonded methanol dimers isolated in solid nitrogen.
Laser Induced Osmosis
Authors: De Hemptinne X. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractPressure transients are observed in absorbing gases at low pressure in a non‐resonant spectrophone. At very low pressure (transition saturated) the transient is negative on irradiation. Interpretation is given in terms of thermodynamics of laser driven systems. The local value of the partition function of resonant molecules is shwon to be a function of the driving beam's intensity. The law of mass action predicts then accumulation of the resonant particles in the high intensity regions of the beam.
Laser Photolysis ‐ LIF Kinetic Studies of the Reactions of CH3O and CH2CHO with O2 between 300 and 500 K
Authors: Lorenz K. , Rhasa D. , Zellner R. , Fritz B. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractRate constants for the reactions (1) CH3O (methoxy) + O2 and (2) CH2CHO (vinoxy) + O2 have been determined between 300 and 500 K using a combined laser photolysis/laser induced fluorescence technique. Whereas reaction (1) is purely bimolecular with k1 = (5.5 ± 2.0) 10−14 exp(−1000 K/T) cm3s, reaction (2) appears to be a recombination process. For p = 130 mbar (M = He) we find k2 = (2.7 ± 1.5) 10−14 exp(668 K/T) cm3s, corresponding to a T−1.8 negative temperature dependence.
Additivity Rule of the Partial Molal Volume. 2. The Role of the Different Packing Efficiencies around Methylene and Methyl Groups of Normal Alkanes
Authors: Yoshimura Y. , Nakahara M. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractThe molecular basis of the additivity rule of the partial molal volume at constant temperature and pressure has been studied for n‐alkanes and it is found that the different packing efficiencies around the methylene and methyl groups play an important role in determining the partial molal volume. The different packing efficiencies have been examined in detail in the crystalline phases and the liquid phase. The methyl group is packed looser than the methylene group except for the triclinic crystal phase, and the temperature and pressure dependence of the packing efficiency of the methyl group is larger than that of the methylene group in the liquid state. The different packing efficiencies have been successfully interpreted in a semimicroscopic manner by taking account of the interfacial tension around the hard core of the solute molecule.