bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification of Green Coffee Contaminated Microfungi of the Genus <i>Aspergillus</i> on the Basis of Polyphasic Approach
Authors: Minaeva L. P. , Markova Yu. M. , Evsyukova A. D. , Sedova I. B. , Chalyy Z. A. 
Published: April 2024

The Aspergillus species are widespread in the environment, able to grow at high temperatures and minimal humidity, including in regions with a hot tropical climate. Some species have the potential to produce toxins. This causes the risk of contamination by fungi of the genus Aspergillus and the mycotoxins (MT) produced by them of plant materials and food products, which is possible at any stage of production, transportation and storage. In the volume of coffee imported to the Russian Federation, 85% is accounted for by raw materials (green coffee), for which the risks of mold damage remain at all stages preceding the roasting stage. It is relevant to study the species composition and toxinogenic properties of Aspergillus spp., which contaminate food raw materials for the production of mass consumption foodstuffs. Contaminated products include coffee, which is one of the basic products of the consumer basket. Reliable data on species identification and toxigenic potential of Aspergillus spp. can be obtained only with an integrated approach based on polyphasic taxonomy. The purpose of this work is to study the species composition of fungi of the genus Aspergillus isolated from green coffee using an integrated approach based on polyphasic taxonomy. The species composition of fungi of the genus Aspergillus from the internal mycoflora of 16 samples of green coffee beans of Arabica and Robusta. The species belonging of the isolated 34 singlspore isolates of Aspergillus spp. was determined by cultural and morphological methods and confirmed by molecular genetic analysis, i.e., RT-PCR with DNA markers of conservative sequences (ITS, CaM, β-tub), studied in vitro profile of produced secondary toxic metabolites. The dominance of species of the Niger section was established (A. niger, 90%, and A. tubingensis, A. carbonarius); then, in decreasing order, the species of section Flavi followed (A. flavus, 100%), sections Circumdati (A. ochraceus, 40% and A. westerdijkiae, 60%). In section Fumigati there was one strain of A. fumigatus. Analysis of the profile of toxic metabolites by HPLC-MS/MS in the multi-detection mode showed the production of mycotoxins by the following species: A. niger – fumonisin B2 and ochratoxin A, A. flavus – aflatoxins B1 and B2 together with sterigmatocystin, A. westerdijkiae – ochratoxin A and penicillic acid, A. ochraceus – penicillic acid. Amounts of produced MT show a high toxinogenic potential of Aspergillus spp. Thus, 20 out of 34 strains produced significant amounts of dangerous, regulated mycotoxins: AFL B1, OTA, FB2. Non-toxinogenic isolates were represented by the species A. niger, A. carbonarius, A. tubingensis, A. flavus, and A. fumigatus. A study of the species composition and toxinogenic properties of green coffee contaminants of the genus Aspergillus using a polyphasic approach was carried out in Russia for the first time.
The Number and Species Diversity of Cultured Microfungi on the Barents Sea Coast
Authors: Мyazin V. А. , Isakova E. A. , Korneykova M. V. 
Published: April 2024

The number and diversity of cultivated microscopic fungi isolated from seawater, littoral and supralittoral soil on the coast of the Barents Sea were studied. Communities of microfungi are mainly represented by facultative marine fungi of terrigenous origin. The isolates mainly belonged to anamorphic fungi of the department Ascomycota and are represented by the genera Penicillium, Aspergillus, Talaromyces, Trichoderma, Acremonium etc., characteristic of the cold northern seas. The frequently found species in the study area were Aspergillus brasiliensis, Penicillium hirsutum, P. glabrum, P. spinulosum, P. janczewskii, Trichoderma koningii, T. viride, Talaromyces purpureogenus. The number of fungi in the supralittoral soil is two to three orders of magnitude higher than in the soils of the littoral zone and averaged from 4 to 13 thousand CFU/g. In sea water, the number of fungi was only a few units per ml. The maximum number of saccharolytic fungi was noted in the soils of the supralittoral zone. In the soils of the littoral and sea water, the number of hydrocarbon-oxidizing fungi varied from 52.5 to 143.3 CFU/g and from 0 to 4 CFU/ml, respectively. The number of saccharolytics varied from 0 to 113 CFU/g in the littoral soil and from 0 to 3 CFU/mL in sea water in all the studied areas, except for the most polluted ones, where it reached values of 200 CFU/g. An increase in the proportion of saccharolytic fungi in sea water and littoral may indicate anthropogenic pollution of the area, including hydrocarbons and other organic compounds. The urbanized areas of the Kola Bay with a high anthropogenic load were characterized by a richer species diversity and an increase in the proportion of pathogenic and opportunistic forms of microscopic fungi. A high level of hydrocarbon pollution negatively affected the number of saccharolytic fungi, while lower values of hydrocarbon content did not affect the number of saccharolytics. The number of fungi grown on Czapek’s mineral medium decreased as the amount of hydrocarbons both in sea water and in the littoral zone increased, which may indicate a high vulnerability of marine microfungi to pollution.
Species Diversity of Myxomycetes of the “Nizhnyaya Kama” National Park and Adjacent Territories in the Early Autumn Period
Authors: Sadykov R. , Potapov K. , Lukyanova Yu. , Sadykova Yu. 
Published: April 2024

The paper presents data on the distribution and species diversity of myxomycetes in the territory of the “Nizhnyaya Kama” National Park and its surroundings during early autumn of 2021 and 2022. A total of 40 species of myxomycetes were found in the unique spruce-alder ravine ecotopes and coniferous-broadleaved forest communities of the National Park, with 3 of them being new records for the Republic of Tatarstan. Additionally, the species Dictydiaethalium plumbeum was recorded for the first time in this area since 1887, in a similar microhabitat. An annotated checklist and authors’ photos of some species are provided.
Val66Met Polymorphism of Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) is Associated with Individual Alpha Peak Frequency and Alpha Power in Adults
Authors: Privodnova E. Yu. , Volf N. V. 
Published: April 2024

Single-nucleotide polymorphism within the BDNF gene (Val66Met) influences activity-dependent secretion of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), which affects neuroprotection and synaptic plasticity. Several studies found associations between Met allele and lower power of the EEG α-rhythm determined in the standard frequency range in young adults. Along with the power, one of the highly heritable EEG correlates of brain functions is the individual α-peak frequency (IAPF). Although IAPF has independent functional significance, its association with the Val66Met BDNF polymorphism has not been studied. IAPF is also used to determine the boundaries of individual frequency ranges; in contrast to the standard ones, they reflect functional characteristics of rhythms to a greater extent. We explored in 192 subjects aged 18–78 years whether parieto-occipital IAPF is associated with BDNF polymorphism and tested genotypic differences in α-power calculated in standard (8−12 Hz) and individual (from (IAPF –2) to (IAPF +2) Hz) frequency ranges. IAPF was decreased in Val/Met in comparison to Val/Val. For individual frequency range, genetic differences were found in both eyes closed (Val/Met homozygous genotypes) and eyes open (Val-carriers Met/Met) condition. For standard frequency range – only in eyes open condition, which may be due to a shift of the α-functional range towards a region of low frequencies among Val/Met-carriers that showed a decrease in IAPF. The results indicate that the inclusion of Val/Met in the combined group of Met-carriers in the analysis of genetic differences in brain activity can eliminate the differences between Val/Val and Val/Met genotypes, as well as the advantage of using individual frequency bands in the analysis of BDNF-associated features of EEG.
Typological Features of the Heart Rate Autonomic Regulation under Simulating a Rise to a Height by Using Additional Respiratory Resistance
Authors: Erkudov V. O. , Rozumbetov K. U. , Pugovkin A. P. , Matchanov A. T. , Pankova N. B. 
Published: April 2024

The aim of this work was to study the indicators of heart rate variability (HRV) under conditions of additional respiratory resistance (ADR), as an imitation of climbing to a height, in young men with different types of autonomic regulation. The study involved 715 young men aged 19 to 24 years. HRV parameters were assessed by the method of variational pulsometry (BioMouse). Each subject passed two tests lasting 5 min: background, and under conditions of DDS. An ETM 2.0 resistive mask was used to simulate climbing (ADS simulation), in three altitudes: 3000, 9000, 18000 feet. Each person performed only one test; the height of the lift was not reported to him. Based on the results of background testing, two groups were created: the OB group – with balanced sympathetic and parasympathetic influences on HRV (stress index 25–100 c.u., VLF above 240 ms2), the PT group – with a moderate predominance of parasympathetic (vagal) influences (stress index below 25 c.u., VLF above 500 ms2). In the background testing, the OB group was characterized by higher values of the Bayevsky indices (IVR, VPR, PAPR), reflecting the predominance of sympathetic tone, and the PT group had higher values of the variation range of the duration of R–R intervals, RMSSD, SDNN, pNN50%, which are considered markers of increased vagal tone, and the total power of the HRV spectrum TP. Under conditions of ADR, without taking into account the height of the simulated rise, in the OB group, an increase in indicators correlated with vagal activity was revealed: the range of R–R intervals, RMSSD, SDNN, the HF range in the HRV spectrum, with a decrease in the Baevsky indices (IVR, VPR, PAPR, stress index). The increase in spectral measures of HRV associated with sympathetic activity (LF%) ant TP reached the level of statistical significance only when simulating an ascent to an altitude of 18 000 feet. In the PT group, the changes were oppositely directed: a decrease in correlates of vagal activity and an increase in sympathetic tone, regardless of the height of the lift. However, in both groups, the range of R–R intervals increased the most at 9000 feet, which is critical for the development of mountain sickness. Differences in the autonomic regulation of the cardiovascular system in young men determine the direction and severity of shifts in HRV indicators when simulating a rise to a height. In the OB group under conditions of ADR, when simulating a rise to insignificant heights, the indicators associated with vagal activity increase, with an increase in the height of the rise, an increase in parameters reflecting the sympathetic tone joins them. In the PT group, an expected increase in sympathetic tone was found at all altitudes.
GENETIC DIVERSITY OF THE CENTRAL CAUCASIAN REGION POPULATION IN THE 1st millennium BC – 1st millennium AD BASED ON MITOCHONDRIAL DNA
Authors: Korobov Dmitry S. , Boulygina Eugenia S. , Slobodova Natalia V. , Sharko Fedor S. , Nedoluzhko Artem V. 
Published: April 2024

This study is the first attempt to analyze the genetic diversity of the Central Ciscaucasia population during the Late Bronze Age – Early Iron Age and Early Middle Ages. The authors analyzed 120 samples from 10 burial grounds of the Koban and Alan archaeological cultures, as well as representatives of the Middle Sarmatian culture and the North Caucasian population of the Sarmatian period. Data on the variability of mitochondrial DNA (m-tDNA) of 71 individuals were obtained. An analysis of the previously collected and published information allows concluding that the analyzed populations are characterized by a significant diversity of mtDNA with a predominance of West Eurasian mitochondrial haplogroups. East Eurasian lines of inheritance can be traced in small numbers among the population of the Koban culture (5%), as well as among the Sarmatian (14%) and Alanian populations (11%). The most common lines of Western Eurasian origin are different variants of haplogroups H, U and N. At the same time, a significant diversity of mtDNA haplogroups is observed at all burial sites, except for the Kich-Malka II burial ground, where during the 7th century BC – the early 6th century AD the succession of individuals on the maternal line was recorded, represented by haplogroup H2a2a1. Study in the latter requires a more detailed approach using whole genome sequencing. Comparison of the analyzed sample with previously published data on the genetic portrait of the North Caucasus population in the Early and Middle Bronze Age makes it possible to conclude that representatives of the East Eurasian cluster of mtDNA haplogroups arrived in the Central Ciscaucasia rather late, it was probably associated with contacts between the Koban culture carriers and the nomadic steppe population.
Immunohistochemical Study of Macrophages of Sciatic Rat Nerve after Damage and Subperineural Injection of Mesenchymal Stem Cells
Authors: Petrova E. S. , Kolos E. A. 
Published: April 2024

The dynamics of the processes of Wallerian degeneration in the Wistar-Kyoto rat sciatic nerve after injury (ligation, 40 s) was studied.The density of Iba-1+ macrophages and the state of myelin fibers stained with Luxol strong blue in the distal segment of the nerve at different times after injury were studied. Parts of rats were subperineurally transplanted with MSCs from the bone marrow of Wistar-Kyoto rats. It was shown that the highest distribution density of macrophages in the distal segment of the nerve was observed 7 days after surgery. The use of cell therapy leads to a decrease in the number of macrophages during this period and to a delay in the demyelination of damaged nerve fibers. Sixty days after the operation, the macrophage population density and the number of remyelinated regenerating nerve fibers of the distal nerve segment did not differ in control (ligature) and experimental (ligature and MSC injection) animals. The molecular mechanisms of the noted changes in the early stages after injury require further research.
Cardioprotective Effect of Soy Protein on a High-Salt Diet in Cynomolgus Monkeys
Authors: Kulikov A. N. , Beresneva O. N. , Ivanova G. T. , Parastaeva M. M. , Bogdanova E. O. , Kayukov I. G. , Kucher A. G. , Orlov S. V. 
Published: April 2024

Excessive salt intake is accompanied by the development of cardiovascular disorders, not always associated with an increase in blood pressure (BP). Given the cardioprotective effect of soy proteins in chronic kidney disease, the question arose of the possibility of leveling dietary interventions, in particular soy proteins, the damaging effect of a high-salt diet on the cardiovascular system. The aim of this work is to study the effect of long-term use of a diet high in NaCl and soy protein on myocardial remodeling and skin histomorphology in monkeys. The study was performed on male Javan macaques (Macaca fascicularis). The control group received a standard diet (2 g NaCl/kg feed). The second was a high-salt diet (8 g NaCl/kg feed), the third was a high-salt diet and SUPRO760 soy protein (200 g/kg feed). Echocardiography, registration of BP and heart rate were performed at baseline, after 4 and 12 months. After 12 months, a histological examination of the musculocutaneous flap was performed. In all animals, BP and heart rate did not change significantly during 12 months. In macaques on a high-salt diet, by the end of the study, deterioration in systolic and diastolic functions of the left ventricle (LV) was noted. In animals receiving additional soy protein, these changes leveled out. After 12 months, macaques fed soy protein had LV myocardial mass smaller and higher LV contractility than animals fed excess salt without soy protein. In monkeys on a high-salt diet, accumulation of collagen fibers in the hypodermis, hyalinization of the cytoplasm of capillary smooth muscle cells, perivascular and perineural edema of the reticular dermis were revealed. In animals treated with soy protein, skin capillary remodeling was less pronounced. Thus, high salt intake leads to adverse structural and functional disorders of the heart and blood vessels in cynomolgus monkeys, not associated with an increase in blood pressure. The inclusion of soy isolate in the diet reduces the negative effects of a high-salt diet on the cardiovascular system.
Effect of Acute and Chronic Sleep Deficit on Working and Long-Term Memory in Rats
Authors: Chernyshev M. V. , Guseev M. A. , Ekimova I. V. 
Published: April 2024

It is known that insufficient sleep or diurnal rhythm disturbances of sleep and wakefulness exert a detrimental effect on cognitive functions. It was thought for a long period that memory consolidation is the most vulnerable link, i.e., information transfer from short-term/working memory to long-term memory. However, there is a progressive number of studies indicating that the most negative consequences of sleep loss are observed in working memory. In our study, we undertook an effort to assess possible disturbances in working memory and long-term memory following sleep loss impact with different protocols in acute and chronic experiment in rats. Sleep in Wistar rats was deprived/restricted by swinging platform technique according to the following protocols: 1 – total sleep deprivation for 18 h; 2 – partial sleep restriction for 24 h (3 h of sleep deprivation alternated with 1 h of sleep opportunity – totally 18 h of sleep deprivation); 3 – chronic partial sleep restriction (conditions 2 for five consistent days). Total sleep deprivation in Y-maze test was shown to result in a significant decrease in spontaneous alternations of maze arms that indicates working memory impairment. This impact in Barnes test did not exert an effect on long-term memory – time spent for seeking a shelter did not change in this task. Acute and chronic sleep restriction induced no changes in working memory and long-term memory. The results obtained allow us to come to conclusion that working memory (in contrast to long-term memory) is a vulnerable component of cognitive function under total sleep deprivation conditions. This negative effect was abolished if periods of sleep deprivation alternated with short periods of sleep opportunities that indicate protective significance of short sleep periods for cognitive functions during sleep deficit. Hence, short-term sleep is helpful for cognitive health and protects working memory, whereas continuous long-term wakefulness impairs it.
Oil Deasphalting Using PAN Membranes with Small Pore Size
Authors: Yushkin A. A. , Balynin A. V. , Nebesskaya A. P. , Efimov M. N. , Muratov D. G. , Karpacheva G. P. 
Published: April 2024

With the development of oil fields, the proportion of the highest molecular weight component, asphaltenes, increases in the composition of the extracted raw materials. The tendency of asphaltenes to aggregate causes a number of problems, which makes the problem of oil deasphalting relevant. In this work, studies were carried out on the separation of the asphaltene fraction from oil using PAN membranes. In order to reduce the pore size of membranes obtained by the phase inversion method, an additional component, acetone, was introduced into the spinning solution. The permeability of the resulting membranes for water is 37.6 ± 1.7 L/(m2 h atm), and for toluene, 25.3 ± 1.8 L/(m2 h atm), and the pore size is 4.6±0.5 nm. When filtering oil solutions diluted with toluene (1 g/L), the retention capacity of membranes for asphaltenes was 73 ± 4% and more than 95% if the oil content in the solution was more than 10 g/L. A study was made of the parameters of membrane clogging during the filtration of oil solutions in toluene. It is noted that when passing from toluene to oil solutions, the permeability of membranes decreases by 10 times. At the same time, the decrease in permeability is reversible, and when the oil solution was replaced with a pure solvent, the membrane restored up to 99% of its permeability.
Pemanfaatan Bahan Bekas Untuk Mengembangkan Kreativitas Anak
Authors: Arman Ulfamaria 
Published: April 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kreatifitas anak melalui pemanfaatan bahan bekas TK Fathina Kabupaten Majene yang berjumlah 20 anak dengan rentang usia 4-5 tahun. Dari 20 anak tersebut terdiri dari 9 anak laki-laki dan 11 perempuan. Pendekatan yang digunakan adalah pendekatan kualitatif dan jenis penelitian tindakan kelas dan pengumpulan datanya melalui teknik observasi dan dokumentasi. Hasil yang diperoleh dari penelitian ini adalah : anak yang mampu mengekspresikan diri dalam bentuk gerak sederhana pada kondisi awal 45 % naik menjadi 75 %. Sehingga penelitian ini dikatakan berhasil.
Validasi dan Verifikasi Pengukuran Kadar Air Gabah Menggunakan Grain Moisture Tester dan Infrared Moisture Balance
Authors: Safitri Safitri , Hakiki Dini Nur 
Published: April 2024

Validasi metode melibatkan penentuan parameter seperti ketepatan, presisi, batas deteksi, linearitas, dan spesifisitas metode pengukuran. Verifikasi metode melibatkan evaluasi terhadap stabilitas alat, instrumen kalibrasi, perawatan alat, dan pelatihan operator. Validasi dan verifikasi metode ini penting untuk memastikan hasil pengukuran yang diperoleh dari alat-alat pengukur tersebut dapat diandalkan dan akurat. Makalah ini juga menyajikan hasil pengukuran kadar air gabah menggunakan Grain Moisture Tester, Infrared Moisture Determination Balance, dan metode gravimetri. Data pengukuran tersebut dianalisis analisis sidik ragam (ANOVA) dengan metode rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) dan dilanjutkan dengan analisis uji nyata jujur (BNJ). Data diolah menggunakan software Microsoft Excel 2019 dan dilakukan pengulangan sampel sebanyak 10 kali ulangan. Hasil analisis statistik menunjukkan bahwa hasil pengukuran dari Grain Moisture Tester 1,2,3 dan Infrared Moisture Determination Balance 2 tidak berbeda nyata dengan metode gravimetri. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa kedua alat pengukur tersebut dapat digunakan sebagai alternatif yang akurat dan dapat diandalkan dalam mengukur kadar air gabah.
GAMBARAN TINGKAT DEPRESI PASIEN DIABETES MELLITUS DI KABUPATEN KENDA
Authors: PH Livana , Permata Sari Indah , Hermanto Hermanto 
Published: April 2024

Diabetes Mellitus merupakan penyakit yang bersifat menahun, berhubungan dengan suatu sistem dalam tubuh, disebabkan oleh berbagai faktor, yang ditandai dengan hiperglikemia dan hiperlipidemia, akibat kurangnya sekresi atau ketidak efektifan insulin yang telah disekresi oleh pankreas. Pasien Diabetes Mellitus harus melakukan terapi pengelolaan farmakologis dan non farmakologis untuk mencegah terjadinya komplikasi dan mengontrol kestabilan kadar gula darahnya. Terapi tersebut dapat menimbulkan dampak fisik maupun psikologis bagi pasien DM. Dampak psikologis yang dapat dirasakan oleh pasien Diabetes Mellitus adalah depresi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran tingkat depresi pada pasien Diabetes Mellitus di wilayah dokter keluarga Djazariyah Kabupaten Kendal. Metode deskriptif kuantitatif. Besar sampel penelitian 37 responden. Alat ukur menggunakan kuesioner Depression Anxiety Stres Scale. Teknik sampling yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu purposive sampling. Cara analisis data dengan analisis univariat menggunakan distribusi frekuensi. Sebagian besar pasien Diabetes Mellitus normal atau tidak mengalami depresi. Peneliti memberikan saran bagi peneliti selanjutnya untuk menggunakan kuesioner Depression Anxiety Stres Scale yang telah dimodifikasi agar mempermudah responden dalam menjawab.