bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Negative Regulatory Feedback Loop within the JAK–STAT Pathway Mediated by the Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase DUSP14 in Shrimp
Authors: Luo Mengting , Chen Nuo , Han Deyu , Hu Bangping , Zuo Hongliang , Weng Shaoping , He Jianguo , Xu Xiaopeng 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The JAK–STAT pathway is a central communication node for various biological processes. Its activation is characterized by phosphorylation and nuclear translocation of the transcription factor STAT. The regulatory balance of JAK–STAT signaling is important for maintenance of immune homeostasis. Protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs) induce dephosphorylation of tyrosine residues in intracellular proteins and generally function as negative regulators in cell signaling. However, the roles of PTPs in JAK–STAT signaling, especially in invertebrates, remain largely unknown. Pacific white shrimp Penaeus vannamei is currently an important model for studying invertebrate immunity. This study identified a novel member of the dual-specificity phosphatase (DUSP) subclass of the PTP superfamily in P. vannamei, named PvDUSP14. By interacting with and dephosphorylating STAT, PvDUSP14 inhibits the excessive activation of the JAK–STAT pathway, and silencing of PvDUSP14 significantly enhances humoral and cellular immunity in shrimp. The promoter of PvDUSP14 contains a STAT-binding motif and can be directly activated by STAT, suggesting that PvDUSP14 is a regulatory target gene of the JAK–STAT pathway and mediates a negative feedback regulatory loop. This feedback loop plays a role in maintaining homeostasis of JAK–STAT signaling and is involved in antibacterial and antiviral immune responses in shrimp. Therefore, the current study revealed a novel inhibitory mechanism of JAK–STAT signaling, which is of significance for studying the regulatory mechanisms of immune homeostasis in invertebrates.
Myopia control with soft multifocal contact lenses
Authors: Raffa Lina H. , Allinjawi Kareem , Sharanjeet-Kaur  , Akhir Saadah M. , Mutalib Haliza A. 
Published: May 2024

PURPOSE:
The study aimed to establish the outcome of multifocal contact lenses (MFCL) (Multistage + 1.50D and Proclear + 3.00D) on myopia progression and axial length elongation over an 18-month period.

METHODS:
Thirty myopic schoolchildren (5 males and 25 females) aged between 13 and 15 years were randomly assigned to wear either single vision contact lens (SVCL), Multistage MFCL + 1.50D, or Proclear +3.00D MFCL for 1½ years using a double-masked design. Cycloplegic refraction, corneal curvature, and axial length were measured.

RESULTS:
Myopia progression was controlled by 38.6% and 66.6% in children wearing Multistage + 1.50D and Proclear +3.00D MFCL, respectively, in comparison to children wearing SVCL over an 18-month period. In terms of axial elongation, this study found a 31.1% and 63.2% control in axial elongation over 18 months of treatment in comparison to the SVCL group. No statistical significant difference in corneal curvature was found between initial and last visits for all the three groups (SVCL, P = 0.90; Multistage + 1.50 MFCL, P = 0.78, and Proclear + 3.00 MFCL, P = 0.05).

CONCLUSION:
Proclear +3.00D MFCL was revealed to cause slow development of myopia and axial elongation among myopic schoolchildren. MFCL with higher add powers could be more effective on myopia progression in comparison with moderate add powers.
Pupil light reflex in Parkinson’s disease patients with and without freezing of gait symptoms
Authors: Alhassan Mosaad , Hovis Jeffery K. , Almeida Quincy J. 
Published: May 2024

PURPOSE:
Freezing of gait (FOG) is considered as a motor disorder that affects some Parkinson’s disease (PD) patients; however, sensory systems may also be involved in FOG. The pupil light reflex (PLR) is a reliable measure of the autonomic nervous system. Different dilation and constriction pupil parameters may be used to investigate the integrity of the autonomic nervous system in PD patients with and without FOG symptoms. This study aimed to look at the integrity of autonomic nervous system and to investigate the nonmotor functions mediated by the cholinergic system in Parkinson’s patients with and without FOG symptoms.

METHODS:
Constriction and dilation pupil light reflexes were measured by using a handheld pupillometer. Twenty-two patients with FOG symptoms, 25 patients without FOG symptoms, and 25 aged-matched healthy controls participated in this study.

RESULTS:
The results showed that most of the constriction parameters and dilation latency of both patient groups differed significantly from healthy controls. FOG patients showed larger pupil size under light condition and larger deficits in constriction latency than nonFOG patients. Both the groups of PD patients had longer dilation latencies than healthy controls.

CONCLUSION:
This study suggests that the cholinergic autonomic nervous system is affected in PD patients more than the adrenergic system. FOG patients had larger impairments in nondopaminergic mediated functions such as pupil light reflexes, which suggests that FOG patients have greater impairment in functions that involve cholinergic neurotransmitters.
Targeting Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor with Ficus virens Metabolites to Manage Cancer Progression: Molecular Docking and ADME Study
Authors: Alqurashi Yaser E , Jamal Azfar 
Published: May 2024

Introduction:
Targeting epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) has been used in the treatment of several cancer types where EGFR has a notable involvement in signalling pathways. Medicinal plants are the oldest and healthiest source of medication used in modern pharmacological therapy. Previous research indicates that the compounds found in Ficus virens stem bark have significant therapeutic properties against a range of illnesses, including cancer. Therefore, in this study, molecular docking research was conducted to determine the binding interactions and affinity of secondary metabolites predicted in F. virens methanolic extract with the target protein, EGFR.

Materials and Methods:
Three-dimensional (3D) conformers of the secondary metabolism products and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) were collected from PubChem on 5 January 2024. The 3D structure of EGFR and its inhibitor was retrieved from the Protein Data Bank (PDB) databank and ligands and proteins were converted to AutoDock-compatible format and then the energy minimisation was performed by the Open Babel in PyRx. Finally, using PyRx-Python 0.8, molecular docking was done, and using Discovery Studio, visualisation was done as well. The grid box dimensions were specified at 30 Å ×30 Å ×25 Å, and the physiochemical property evaluation was done by the SwissADME online server.

Results:
In this study, molecular docking assessed 14 compounds, including phytochemicals and ATP, for their binding with EGFR (PDB Id: 1XKK). Redocking of lapatinib validated the results. Natural chemicals showed binding energies from −4.0 to −7.8 Kcal/mol, with oleic acid and iso-caryophyllene demonstrating promising interactions, sourced from F. virens. Despite some limitations, these compounds exhibit potential for EGFR-targeted drug development, despite one Lipinski’s rule violation.

Conclusions:
EGFR inhibitory activities of iso-caryophyllene and oleic acid, which were identified in the F. virens methanol extract, were remarkable and higher than that of the substrate; their potential opens up exciting new possibilities for moving forward with cancer treatment. It is encouraged to further investigate the in vivo effectiveness of iso-caryophyllene, by means of animal models and cell lines.
Self-medication of Dental Pain amongst Medical Students in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia: Determinants, Attitude and Clinical Aspects
Authors: Nayak Ullal Anand , Alhussini Khadijah Hashim , Asiri Bushra Ali Mohammed , Alzahrani Asayil Othman Saeed , Jali Tala Mohammed , Nayak Prathibha Anand , Elbadawy Adel Abdelsattar 
Published: May 2024

Introduction:
Healthcare students are becoming increasingly concerned about self-medication (SM), which can have major health repercussions. It affects how future physicians make professional decisions about medications. Such a mindset has an indirect impact on providing their patients with appropriate counselling. The study was planned to investigate the attitude, determinants and different clinical aspects associated with SM of dental pain amongst medical students in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.

Materials and Methods:
The present descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted exclusively on the 400 medical students from the 1st year and interns pursuing bachelor’s degrees from various medical colleges in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. A convenient non-probability sampling technique was employed, and a pre-tested/pre-validated questionnaire was loaded on Google Forms and sent to the medical students of medicine, dentistry, pharmacy and nursing programmes. Qualitative characteristics were assessed using the Chi-square test. The significance level (P value) chosen for the various comparisons was P < 0.05.

Results:
The results of this study show that 65.5% of students self-medicate. It was significantly more common in women (74.9%), pharmacists (76.9%) and dental students (72.7%). Students who self-medicated less often were in the 1st and 2nd years (49.2% and 57.1%). Toothache was the most common cause for which they self-medicated (79.8%).

Conclusion:
The results of the present study have shed light on the fact that SM was high amongst medical students in Jeddah. The potential problems associated with self-medication should be highlighted to students to reduce the risk of inappropriate SM, which can seriously harm both students and others to whom they prescribe medication.
Mobile Health Intervention Reduces Sedentary Time and Physical Inactivity in Patients with Cardiovascular Diseases after Discharge: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Yoshihara Ryo , Kitamura Masahiro , Ishihara Kodai , Kanejima Yuji , Izawa Kazuhiro P. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background:
Long sedentary time and physical inactivity negatively impact patients with cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Although more and more studies are exploring the effects of mobile health (mHealth), whether an intervention using mHealth reduces sedentary time and physical inactivity is controversial. This systematic review aimed to investigate whether mHealth can reduce sedentary time and physical inactivity in patients with CVD via a comprehensive search and evaluation of relevant articles and review of the effects of mHealth on sedentary time and physical inactivity.

Methods:
We searched articles on three databases PubMed, Web of Science, and CiNii using “mHealth,” “CVD,” and “clinical trials” as keywords. All studies using mHealth to reduce sedentary time and physical inactivity were included. We assessed risk of bias in the included studies and conducted a meta-analysis using a random effects model.

Results:
After screening 502 articles, we included five randomized controlled trials. In one study, sedentary time was shorter in the intervention group than the control group by 61.5 min/day at 24 weeks. Three studies using physical inactivity as outcome measures were included in a meta-analysis, and the pooled odds ratio was 0.38 (95% confidence interval, 0.22–0.65), favoring the intervention group. All studies showed high risk of performance bias and low risk of selection bias and reporting bias.

Conclusion:
The mHealth intervention may remind patients with CVD of exercise training and help them reduce sedentary time and physical inactivity. Future studies need to show for how long mHealth can reduce sedentary time and clarify the cost-effectiveness of the mHealth intervention.
Clinical outcomes vary for emergent and elective ventral hernia repair
Authors: Whittaker Rachel M. , Lewis Zachary E. , Plymale Margaret A. , Nisiewicz Michael J. , Ajadi Ebunoluwa , Davenport Daniel L. , Reynolds Jessica K. , Roth John S. 
Published: May 2024

PURPOSE:
Elective ventral hernia repair (ELVHR) is generally performed for chronic symptoms, including pain, increasing size, intermittent obstruction, and cosmesis. Emergent ventral hernia repair (EMVHR) indications include acute symptoms that are often concerning for strangulation. The study objective included identifying variations in perioperative characteristics as well as clinical and cost outcomes in patients who underwent ELVHR vs. EMVHR.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
An IRB-approved retrospective review of ELVHR and EMVHR cases was conducted, exclusive of incidental hernias. Due to the retrospective nature of the study, patient consent was deemed unnecessary by the IRB. Demographics, perioperative characteristics, operative details, clinical outcomes, and hospital costs were included in the analyses.

RESULTS:
Five-hundred forty-nine patients (453 ELVHR, 96 EMVHR) underwent repair. The EMVHR characteristics included more females (P = 0.009), class 3 obesity (P < 0.001), diabetes (P < 0.001), and bleeding disorder (P = 0.009). The EMVHR indications included incarceration (69%), strangulation (12%), and perforation (2%). Fifty-six percent of EMVHR underwent repair without mesh vs. 3.5% of ELVHR. Six-month wound events and ER visits were similar between groups; hernia recurrence was noted in 4% of ELVHR and 17% of EMVHR (P < 0.001). Pharmacy, ICU, lab, ancillary services, floor, and imaging costs varied significantly between groups. Supply, OR, and total hospital costs were similar.

CONCLUSIONS:
The EMVHR occurs in a unique patient population with more frequent comorbidities. Incarceration and obstruction are the most common indications for repair. Costs were similar despite more frequent non-mesh repairs and four-fold increase early recurrence rates in EMVHR. Strategies to improve outcomes in EMVHR require further investigation.
Totally extraperitoneal repair using three midline ports versus enhanced view totally extraperitoneal repair in men with uncomplicated inguinal hernia
Authors: Rashid Arshad , Singh Bali Rajandeep , Hamid Samoon Abdul , Arah Refut , Singh Satbir , Saleem Mir Iqbal 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAIM:The aim of this study was to compare the “totally extra-peritoneal” repair (TEP) using three midline ports with “enhanced view totally extra-peritoneal repair” (eTEP) repair in the management of inguinal hernia.MATERIALS AND METHODS:This was a retrospective study conducted in a tertiary care hospital by analyzing a prospectively maintained database over a period of 3 years. Data from 152 patients with inguinal hernias were analyzed who were operated in equal numbers, either by TEP repair or by eTEP repair. Follow-up data of 1 year were also analyzed. In the TEP group, five patients, and in the eTEP group, four patients had not completed the mandatory 1-year follow-up and as such were excluded from the final analysis. Thus, the total number of patients considered for final analysis was 143 (TEP [71], eTEP [72]).RESULTS:The average operative time in TEP repair using three midline ports was 68.16 minutes and that in eTEP repair was 65.12 min (P= 0.4321). No statistically significant difference was noted in the intraoperative and postoperative complication rates between these two techniques. The Surgeon’s Satisfaction Score was significantly better in the eTEP group as compared to the TEP group (P= 0.0023). The recurrence rates (P= 0.7861) and postoperative hospital stay were not different between the two techniques (P= 0.7125).CONCLUSION:In experienced hands, both TEP and eTEP provide similar results; however, eTEP provides an overall better surgeon satisfaction score.
Preparation of antiadhesion polypropylene mesh using bacterial cellulose combined with chitosan hydrogel application in rat abdominal incisional hernia
Authors: Guo Zicheng , Zhang Fangjie , Wu Hao , Gao Guodong , Zhu Kangbei , Qi Yaqin , He Mingliang 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

OBJECTIVE:
To develop an antiadhesion polypropylene (PP) mesh by incorporating bacterial cellulose (BC) combined with chitosan (CS) hydrogel and to evaluate its properties using an intraperitoneal mesh repair approach in a rat model of abdominal incisional hernia.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
BC was used to prepare hydrogels through cross-linking of CS. The hydrogel was adhered to the surface of a PP mesh using a glue applicator to form an antiadhesion mesh. Forty-eight male rats were randomly divided into four groups of 12 members each: PP, antiadhesion mesh (Sepramesh), BC mesh, and BCCS mesh. Incisional hernia models of the abdominal wall of the rats were created sequentially, and meshes were subsequently inserted. At 7 days postoperation, six rats were randomly selected for euthanasia, and the repaired abdominal wall tissues, adhesions, and mesh were removed for pathological analysis. Similarly, the remaining six rats were euthanized at 14 days postoperation, and their respective abdominal wall tissues, adhesions, and mesh were also excised for pathological examination.

RESULTS:
BC is combined with CS hydrogel, and the mixture is adhered to the PP mesh using a glue applicator. The mesh adhesion scores in the PP group were consistently high. The adhesion scores of the BC group were better than those of the PP group. There were no statistically significant differences in the indices between the Sepramesh and BCCS groups, and both groups showed lower adhesion grades. Hematoxylin-eosin staining revealed that the natural tissue inflammatory response of the BCCS group was lower, and its prosthetic (mesh) surface inflammatory response was lower than that of the other groups. On the other hand, the inflammatory response in the BCCS group was lower. Masson’s trichrome staining showed that the number of cells formed in the scar plate of the Sepramesh and BCCS groups was significantly lower than that of the other groups, the degree of tissue ingrowth was also better in both groups, and the biocompatibility of the BCCS group was better.

CONCLUSION:
BC is bonded with CS hydrogel and then adhered to the surface of PP mesh by an applicator to make an antiadhesive mesh. This mesh may reduce intraabdominal adhesions and intraabdominal bacterial colonization while possessing good strength and biocompatibility, thereby contributing to peritoneal repair.
eCST
Authors: de Vries Reilingh Tammo Sasker , Nienhuijs Simon W. , de Jong Dite L. C. , Mommers Elwin H. H. , Wegdam Johannes A. 
Published: May 2024

INTRODUCTION:
In 1990, Ramirez introduced his component separation technique (CST) based on enlargement of the abdominal wall for reconstruction of large abdominal wall defects. CST is prone to postoperative wound complications which lead to modification of the technique to an endoscopic assisted CST. The details of the technique are described in detail with illustrations and report the results of a 36 patient cohort.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
Between 2014 and 2018, patients with midline hernias without previous subcutaneous dissection underwent endoscopic-assisted anterior components separation technique (eCST) with retro-rectus mesh enforcement in an expert center for abdominal wall reconstructions. Prospective data were gathered during inpatient care and at least 2 years of follow-up.

RESULTS:
A total of 36 eCST procedures were performed. Eight patients (22%) had postoperative seroma in the dissection plan between external and internal rectus muscle, 3 (8%) had a hematoma, 1 (3%) had wound dehiscence. Clinical relevant SSEs were present in 4 patients (11%) and consisted of 3 (8%) puncture in seroma, 1 (3%) patient needed a blood transfusion due to large hematoma. One patient was re-operated within 90 days; however, this was the placement of a surgical tracheostomy. Three patients had a recurrence in a mean follow-up length of 24 months.

CONCLUSION:
eCST can be useful in selected patients.
Acute postoperative complications increase the risk of recurrence and chronic pain after inguinal hernia surgery: A single-center retrospective analysis
Authors: Ndong Abdourahmane , Diallo Adja C , Diao Mohamed L , Tendeng Jacques N , Nyemb Philippe M M , Cissé Mamadou , Konaté Ibrahima 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

AIMS:
To investigate the factors associated with recurrence and chronic pain after inguinal hernia surgery.

SETTINGS AND DESIGN:
A retrospective study was conducted over a period of 3 years and 5 months.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
All patients over the age of 15 who underwent surgery for an inguinal hernia were included.

STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED:
Factors associated with recurrence and chronic pain were evaluated using the Kaplan–Meier method and multivariate Cox proportional hazard model.

RESULTS:
During the study period, 195 patient records were collected. According to the European Hernia Society classification, 75.9% (n = 148) of hernias were lateral, and 24.1% (n = 47) were medial. The hernia was primary in 92.3% (n = 180) of cases and recurrent in 7.7% (n = 15). The hernia was strangulated in 29.7% (n = 58) of cases. The surgical techniques used were: Bassini in 64.6% (n = 126) of cases, Desarda in 23.6% (n = 46), Lichtenstein in 9.7%, Mc Vay in two cases (1%) and trans-abdominal pre-peritoneal (TAPP) in two cases (1%). Acute postoperative complications were observed in 18 cases (9.2%). The average follow-up period was 25.4 months, with a range of 3–62.8 months. Chronic pain was observed in 18 cases (9.2%) and recurrence in 11 cases (5.6%). Multivariate analysis identified several prognostic factors, including recurrence (the existence of acute postoperative complications, P = 0.041); for chronic pain (a work with physical effort, P = 0.04; the existence of acute postoperative complications, P = 0.001, and mesh repair, P = 0.04).

CONCLUSIONS:
Our findings suggest that the management of acute complications, such as seroma, hematoma, and infection, is crucial to minimize the risk of long-term complications.
Ventral hernia repair with concomitant soft tissue excision improves satisfaction without increased costs
Authors: Hubbuch Jacob Christopher , Plymale Margaret A. , Davenport Daniel L. , Farmer Trevor N. , Walsh-Blackmore Seth D. , Hess Jordan , Totten Crystal , Roth John Scott 
Published: May 2024

PURPOSE:
Soft tissue management following ventral hernia repair (VHR) may impact wound complications and hernia recurrence. Rationales for soft tissue excision (STE) include ischemia, redundancy, potential space reduction, and cosmesis. This study evaluates outcomes among patients undergoing VHR with and without STE.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
Institutional Review Board-approved review of VHR patients at a single institution from 2014 to 2018 was performed for 90-day wound complications, reoperations, and readmissions. Hernia recurrence, chronic pain, functional status, and satisfaction were assessed through telephone survey. Outcomes and costs between groups were analyzed.

RESULTS:
One hundred and forty-four patients underwent VHR alone; 52 patients underwent VHR/STE. Obesity, larger defects, severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and higher wound classes were more prevalent among VHR/STE. Deep surgical site infection [SSI (1% vs. 8%, P = 0.018)], wound dehiscence (13% vs. 33%, P = 0.003), and return to operating room (1% vs. 12%, P = 0.005) occurred more commonly in VHR/STE. Total costs were more than 50% greater ($18,900 vs. $29,300, P = 0.001) in VHR/STE, but after multivariable analysis adjusting for risk factors, total costs of VHR/STE no longer remained significantly higher ($18,694 vs. $21,370, P = 0.095). Incidence of superficial SSI (6% vs. 6%), seroma formation (14% vs. 12%), non-wound complications (7% vs. 17%), median length of stay (4 vs. 5 days), readmissions (13% vs. 21%), hernia recurrence (38% vs. 13%), and functional status scores (71 vs. 80) did not differ significantly between groups. Overall patient satisfaction (8 vs. 10, P = 0.034) and cosmetic satisfaction (6 vs. 9, P = 0.012) among VHR/STE were greater than VHR alone.

CONCLUSION:
Soft tissue resection during VHR results in greater patient satisfaction without increased costs.