bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association of CYP2C19 genotypes with postoperative atrial fibrillation after coronary artery bypass surgery
Authors: Jiang Qin , Huang Keli , Han Lizhu , Kong Hong , Yang Zhenglin , Hu Shengshou 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis cohort study aims to assess the connection between cytochrome P450 family 2 subfamily C member 19 (CYP2C19) genotyping, platelet aggregability following oral clopidogrel administration, and the occurrence of postoperative atrial fibrillation (POAF) after off‐pump coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery. From May 2017 to November 2022, a total of 258 patients undergoing elective first‐time CABG surgery, receiving 100 mg/day oral aspirin and 75 mg/day oral clopidogrel postoperatively, was included for analysis. These patients were categorized based on CYP2C19 genotyping. Platelet aggregability was assessed serially using multiple‐electrode aggregometry before CABG, 1 and 5 days after the procedure, and before discharge. The incidences of POAF were compared using the log‐rank test for cumulative risk. CYP2C19 genotyping led to categorization into CYP2C19*1*1 (WT group, n = 123) and CYP2C19*2 or *3 (LOF group, n = 135). Baseline characteristics and operative data showed no significant differences between the two groups. The incidence of POAF after CABG was 42.2% in the LOF group, contrasting with 22.8% in the WT group (hazard risk [HR]: 2.061; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.347, 3.153; p = 0.0013). Adenosine diphosphate‐stimulated platelet aggregation was notably higher in the LOF group compared to the WT group 5 days after CABG (30.4% ± 6.5% vs. 17.9% ± 4.1%, p < 0.001), remaining a similar higher level at hospital discharge (25.6% ± 6.1% vs. 12.2% ± 3.5%, p < 0.001). The presence of CYP2C19 LOF was linked to a higher incidence of POAF and relatively elevated platelet aggregation after CABG surgery under the same oral clopidogrel regimen.
When can higher‐order interactions produce stable coexistence?
Authors: Gibbs Theo L. , Gellner Gabriel , Levin Simon A. , McCann Kevin S. , Hastings Alan , Levine Jonathan M. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractMost ecological models are based on the assumption that species interact in pairs. Diverse communities, however, can have higher‐order interactions, in which two or more species jointly impact the growth of a third species. A pitfall of the common pairwise approach is that it misses the higher‐order interactions potentially responsible for maintaining natural diversity. Here, we explore the stability properties of systems where higher‐order interactions guarantee that a specified set of abundances is a feasible equilibrium of the dynamics. Even these higher‐order interactions which lead to equilibria do not necessarily produce stable coexistence. Instead, these systems are more likely to be stable when the pairwise interactions are weak or facilitative. Correlations between the pairwise and higher‐order interactions, however, do permit robust coexistence even in diverse systems. Our work not only reveals the challenges in generating stable coexistence through higher‐order interactions but also uncovers interaction patterns that can enable diversity.
Cross‐cultural application of the International Classification of Cognitive Disorders in Epilepsy (IC‐CoDE)
Authors: Shah Urvashi , Rajeshree Shivani , Sahu Aparna , Kalika Mayuri , Ravat Sangeeta , Reyes Anny , Stasenko Alena , Busch Robyn M. , Hermann Bruce P. , McDonald Carrie R. ,   for the ILAE IC‐CoDE Task Force
Published: June 2024

AbstractObjectiveEfforts to understand the global variability in cognitive profiles in patients with epilepsy have been stymied by the lack of a standardized diagnostic system. This study examined the cross‐cultural applicability of the International Classification of Cognitive Disorders in Epilepsy (IC‐CoDE) in a cohort of patients with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) in India that was diverse in language, education, and cultural background.MethodsA cohort of 548 adults with TLE from Mumbai completed a presurgical comprehensive neuropsychological evaluation. The IC‐CoDE taxonomy was applied to derive cognitive phenotypes in the sample. Analyses of variance were conducted to examine differences in demographic and clinical characteristics across the phenotypes, and chi‐squared tests were used to determine whether the phenotype distribution differed between the Mumbai sample and published data from a multicenter US sample.ResultsUsing the IC‐CoDE criteria, 47% of our cohort showed an intact cognitive profile, 31% a single‐domain impairment, 16% a bidomain impairment, and 6% a generalized impairment profile. The distribution of cognitive phenotypes was similar between the Indian and US cohorts for the intact and bidomain phenotypes, but differed for the single and generalized domains. There was a larger proportion of patients with single‐domain impairment in the Indian cohort and a larger proportion with generalized impairment in the US cohort. Among patients with single‐domain impairment, a greater proportion exhibited memory impairment in the Indian cohort, whereas a greater proportion showed language impairment in the US sample, likely reflecting differences in language administration procedures and sample characteristics including a higher rate of mesial temporal sclerosis in the Indian sample.SignificanceOur results demonstrate the applicability of IC‐CoDE in a group of culturally and linguistically diverse patients from India. This approach enhances our understanding of cognitive variability across cultures and enables harmonized and inclusive research into the neuropsychological aspects of epilepsy.
Predicting species invasiveness with genomic data: Is genomic offset related to establishment probability?
Authors: Camus Louise , Gautier Mathieu , Boitard Simon 
Published: June 2024

AbstractPredicting the risk of establishment and spread of populations outside their native range represents a major challenge in evolutionary biology. Various methods have recently been developed to estimate population (mal)adaptation to a new environment with genomic data via so‐called Genomic Offset (GO) statistics. These approaches are particularly promising for studying invasive species but have still rarely been used in this context. Here, we evaluated the relationship between GO and the establishment probability of a population in a new environment using both in silico and empirical data. First, we designed invasion simulations to evaluate the ability to predict establishment probability of two GO computation methods (Geometric GO and Gradient Forest) under several conditions. Additionally, we aimed to evaluate the interpretability of absolute Geometric GO values, which theoretically represent the adaptive genetic distance between populations from distinct environments. Second, utilizing public empirical data from the crop pest species Bactrocera tryoni, a fruit fly native from Northern Australia, we computed GO between “source” populations and a diverse range of locations within invaded areas. This practical application of GO within the context of a biological invasion underscores its potential in providing insights and guiding recommendations for future invasion risk assessment. Overall, our results suggest that GO statistics represent good predictors of the establishment probability and may thus inform invasion risk, although the influence of several factors on prediction performance (e.g., propagule pressure or admixture) will need further investigation.
A link between evolution and society fostering the UN sustainable development goals
Authors: De Meester Luc , Vázquez‐Domínguez Ella , Kassen Rees , Forest Félix , Bellon Mauricio R. , Koskella Britt , Scherson Rosa A. , Colli Licia , Hendry Andrew P. , Crandall Keith A. , Faith Daniel P. , Starger Craig J. , Geeta R. , Araki Hitoshi , Dulloo Ehsan M. , Souffreau Caroline , Schroer Sibylle , Johnson Marc T. J. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractGiven the multitude of challenges Earth is facing, sustainability science is of key importance to our continued existence. Evolution is the fundamental biological process underlying the origin of all biodiversity. This phylogenetic diversity fosters the resilience of ecosystems to environmental change, and provides numerous resources to society, and options for the future. Genetic diversity within species is also key to the ability of populations to evolve and adapt to environmental change. Yet, the value of evolutionary processes and the consequences of their impairment have not generally been considered in sustainability research. We argue that biological evolution is important for sustainability and that the concepts, theory, data, and methodological approaches used in evolutionary biology can, in crucial ways, contribute to achieving the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). We discuss how evolutionary principles are relevant to understanding, maintaining, and improving Nature Contributions to People (NCP) and how they contribute to the SDGs. We highlight specific applications of evolution, evolutionary theory, and evolutionary biology's diverse toolbox, grouped into four major routes through which evolution and evolutionary insights can impact sustainability. We argue that information on both within‐species evolutionary potential and among‐species phylogenetic diversity is necessary to predict population, community, and ecosystem responses to global change and to make informed decisions on sustainable production, health, and well‐being. We provide examples of how evolutionary insights and the tools developed by evolutionary biology can not only inspire and enhance progress on the trajectory to sustainability, but also highlight some obstacles that hitherto seem to have impeded an efficient uptake of evolutionary insights in sustainability research and actions to sustain SDGs. We call for enhanced collaboration between sustainability science and evolutionary biology to understand how integrating these disciplines can help achieve the sustainable future envisioned by the UN SDGs.
Fatigue life analysis of subway e‐clips under multiwavelength rail corrugation excitation
Authors: Dong Bingjie , Chen Guangxiong , Song Qifeng , Feng Xiaohang , Ren Wenjuan , Mei Guiming 
Published: June 2024

AbstractFatigue‐induced clip fractures are the most common type of damage in railway systems, and they are exacerbated by rail corrugation. This research investigated the development of rail corrugation through long‐term measurements and examined the impact of rail corrugation on the fatigue life of e‐clips using a finite element model. The examination included different corrugation wavelengths, namely, short‐pitch corrugation (SPC), long‐pitch corrugation (LPC), and a new form of corrugation called superposed SPC and LPC. The results showed that increasing corrugation amplitude reduces an e‐clip's fatigue life and alters the region in the clip where fatigue damage occurs. A short corrugation wavelength shortens fatigue life. On railway tracks with superposed SPC and LPC, a significant increase in LPC amplitude sharply reduces a clip's fatigue life, even under minuscule SPC amplitude. Effective measures are proposed to prolong the fatigue life of e‐clips subjected to the effects of rail corrugation.
Theology and Theories of Metaphor: How We Talk When We Talk about God
Authors: Harkaway‐Krieger Kerilyn 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIn theology, how language about God communicates is inseparable from what is being communicated, and the form that theological discourse takes must be part of what is considered when it is interpreted. Although analogy has been given pride of place in theology, more recent interest in metaphor, from theologians, philosophers, and linguists, reveals new debates over how deeply embedded metaphor is in language, how metaphor shapes our cognition and perception, and metaphor's role in theological understanding. This article provides an overview of the relevance for theology of two recent approaches to metaphor—those of the philosopher Paul Ricoeur and the cognitive linguistic approach—and ultimately argues that the most fitting understanding of how metaphor operates theologically is to say that it is mystical, because it contains both affirmations of identity and acknowledgement of difference (between the divine and the human, the spiritual and the material).
Michel Henry and the Question of Phenomenology
Authors: Tulp Cees 
Published: June 2024

AbstractSince its formulation by Edmund Husserl, phenomenology has been regarded as a ‘method’. This is contested by Michel Henry, who speaks of the ‘question’ of phenomenology. This article traces Henry's objection to the classification of phenomenology as method, and considers both what he means by phenomenology being a question and what the answer to this question would be. To this end, the notions of ‘first givenness’ and ‘Life’ are explored, both of which are identified by Henry as being essential to phenomenality. The single answer to the question of phenomenology is ‘first givenness’ or ‘Life’, as both are identical. Christianity speaks of God as Life, which is frequently referred to by Henry. The theological interest in this topic is therefore the question of whether God is, in the end, Henry's answer to the question of phenomenology. This article explores the way in which Henry cites from the Bible and expresses theological notions. It concludes that the Christian articulation of God as Life, and its approach to truth, are essentially phenomenological. Thus, for Henry, ‘God’ is not the answer to the question of phenomenology, rather the Christian notion of God as Life indicates the correct phenomenological answer.
The genome‐wide response of Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus to cystatin A, a peptidase inhibitor from human skin, sheds light on its digestive physiology and allergenicity
Authors: Vidal‐Quist José Cristian , Ortego Félix , Rombauts Stephane , Hernández‐Crespo Pedro 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe digestive physiology of house dust mites (HDMs) is particularly relevant for their allergenicity since many of their allergens participate in digestion and are excreted into faecal pellets, a main source of exposure for allergic subjects. To gain insight into the mite dietary digestion, the genome of the HDM Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus was screened for genes encoding peptidases (n = 320), glycosylases (n = 77), lipases and esterases (n = 320), peptidase inhibitors (n = 65) and allergen‐related proteins (n = 52). Basal gene expression and transcriptional responses of mites to dietary cystatin A, a cysteine endopeptidase inhibitor with previously shown antinutritional effect on mites, were analysed by RNAseq. The ingestion of cystatin A resulted in significant regulation of different cysteine endopeptidase and glycosylase genes. One Der p 1‐like and two cathepsin B‐like cysteine endopeptidase genes of high basal expression were induced, which suggests their prominent role in proteolytic digestion together with major allergen Der p 1. A number of genes putatively participating in the interaction of mites with their microbiota and acquired by horizontal gene transfer were repressed, including genes encoding the peptidase Der p 38, two 1,3‐beta‐glucanases, a lysozyme and a GH19 chitinase. Finally, the disruption of mite digestion resulted in the regulation of up to 17 allergen and isoallergen genes. Altogether, our results shed light on the putative role of specific genes in digestion and illustrate the connection between the digestive physiology of HDM and allergy.
Feminist Pedagogy and Student Collaboration in Open Educational Practices in the Art History Classroom
Authors: Ishii‐Bear Sara Tomoe 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis article examines undergraduate students' experiences in creating open educational resources (OERs) in a contemporary art history course. The construction of OERs reflects an interest in feminist pedagogy and open educational practices, which aim to create a learner‐centred classroom that values accessibility, equity, and cultural responsiveness. The article discusses the scaffolded assignment that guided students in researching and writing open access lesson plans. The students' work was subsequently published on the OERTX Repository website. Student‐generated materials give learners the opportunity to focus on topics that interest them the most. Such a move is especially valuable since the student demographics represent a high number of women of colour and first‐generation students. Given the historical marginalisation of women's and people of colours' voices in art history, the inclusion of women students of colours' research is valuable to art history pedagogy. The results of an anonymous student survey indicate that students felt that coauthoring an OER offered opportunities to communicate their interests and create more meaningful work, while at the same time, they asked for additional support in navigating group work challenges and research needs.
Differential predictive value of tissue‐specific PD‐L1 expression scores in adjuvant immunotherapy of melanoma
Authors: Geidel Glenn , Parnian Niousha , Meß Christian , Schlepper Noemi , Rünger Alessandra , Heidrich Isabel , Hansen Inga , Smit Daniel J. , Menz Anne , Pantel Klaus , Schneider Stefan W. , Kött Julian , Gebhardt Christoffer 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundAdjuvant treatment of stage II–IV melanoma with PD‐1‐based immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) has improved relapse‐free survival (RFS) and has therefore become a standard‐of‐care treatment option. Approximately 25%–30% of patients still recur within 1 year. Predictive biomarkers reflecting real‐world data are desired. The predictive relevance of tumour tissue PD‐L1 expression in the adjuvant setting remains inconclusive.ObjectivesThis retrospective, observational study was conducted to evaluate the value of PD‐L1 expression scores in different tumour tissue locations in predicting response towards adjuvant immunotherapeutic treatment.MethodsTumour tissue taken prior to anti‐PD‐1 adjuvant ICI in 243 stage II–IV melanoma patients was collected at University Skin Cancer Center Hamburg. PD‐L1 expression was evaluated on immune cells (ICS), tumour cells (TPS) and combined (CPS). Scores were determined by independent pathological physician quantification and correlated with therapy outcome at different cut‐off (CO) levels (relapse‐free survival, RFS) for different tumour tissue locations (primary tumour, metastases).ResultsA total of 104 patients were eligible for analysis. Positivity of ICS, TPS and CPS showed no predictive RFS outcome association at different CO levels when analysed irrespective of tissue origin. In primary tumours, ICS at CO 1% showed a significantly improved RFS upon positivity (HR 0.22). In contrast, positivity to TPS (CO 1%) correlated significantly and independently with improved RFS when evaluated in metastatic tumour tissue specimens (HR 0.37).ConclusionsPD‐L1 tumour tissue expression may serve as a predictive biomarker for adjuvant ICI treatment response stratification in melanoma, but caution should be spent on the origin of tumour tissue analysed. The cell‐type relevant for the predictive value of PD‐L1 expression is tissue‐specific with immune cells being important in primary tumours while tumour cells are key in metastases. The present results should be validated in a multicentre cohort.
Unlocking the potential of ‘passive’ modulation: How sensory stimulation shapes hand and face size
Authors: Mora Laura , Committeri Giorgia , L'Abbate Teresa , Cocchini Gianna 
Published: June 2024

AbstractKnowledge of the body size is intricately tied to multisensory integration processes that rely on the dynamic interplay of top‐down and bottom‐up mechanisms. Recent years have seen the development of passive sensory stimulation protocols aimed at investigating the modulation of various cognitive functions, primarily inducing perceptual learning and behaviour change without the need for extensive training. Given that reductions in sensory input have been associated with alterations in body size perception, it is reasonable to hypothesize that increasing sensory information through passive sensory stimulation could similarly influence the perception of the size of body parts. The primary aim of this study was to investigate the potential modulatory effects of passive sensory stimulation on the perception of hand and face size in a group of young adults. Passive sensory stimulation effectively modulated the size representation of the stimulated hand, supporting the notion that access to somatosensory and proprioceptive information is prioritised for the hands but may not extend to the face. Increased somatosensory input resulted in a reduction of distortion, providing evidence for bottom‐up modulation of size representation. Passive sensory stimulation can induce subjective changes in body size perception without the need for extensive training. This paradigm holds promise as a potential alternative for modulating distorted size representation in individuals with body representational deficits.
Re‐weighing the 5% tagging recommendation: assessing the potential impacts of tags on the behaviour and body condition of bats
Authors: Meierhofer Melissa B. , Tena Elena , Lilley Thomas M. , Dechmann Dina K. N. , Voigt Christian C. , Troitsky Tanya S. , De Bruyn Luc , Braun de Torrez Elizabeth , Eldegard Katrine , Elmeros Morten , Gyselings Ralf , Hoyt Dillan , Janssen René , Jonasson Kristin A. , López‐Baucells Adrià , Matlova Mariia , Melber Markus , Perea Santiago , Stidsholt Laura , Valanne Valeria , Varghese Mebin George , Zavattoni Giorgio , Weller Theodore J. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Considerable advances and breakthroughs in wildlife tracking technology have occurred in recent years, allowing researchers to gain insights into the movements and behaviours of a broad range of animals. Considering the accessibility and increase in use of tracking devices in wildlife studies, it is important to better understand the effects on these on animals.

Our endeavour revisits a guideline established in 1988, which proposes that bats may encounter body condition or health problems and alter their behaviour when carrying tags weighing more than 5% of their body mass. Through a systematic literature review, we conducted a meta‐analysis to identify the impacts of tags on bats, including 367 papers from 1976 to 2023 that discussed, mentioned, employed, or quantified tagging of bats.

We noted that the proportion of studies exceeding the 5% rule has not changed in recent years. However, the impact of tags was quantified in few studies for behaviour (n = 7) and body condition (n = 10) of bats. We were unable to assess whether tags weighing less or more than 5% of the bat's body mass impacted bats, but our meta‐analysis did identify that tags, irrespective of mass, affect the behaviour and body condition of bats.

Although the overall magnitude of measured effects of tags on bats was small, progress has been made to advance our understanding of tag mass on bats. Naturally, there is a bias in reporting of significant results, illustrating the need of reporting results when there is no apparent effect of tags on bats. Our findings highlight the need for rigorous reporting of behaviour and body condition data associated with tagging of animals and illustrate the importance for studies comparing how tracking devices of different dimensions and masses may impact bat species to ensure research meets rigorous ethical standards.