bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
(320) TREATMENTS FOR PUBERTAL INDUCTION IN BOYS: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS
Authors: Yannas Dr Dimitri , Vena Dr Walter , Betella Dr Nazarena , Zago Dr Elena , Maseroli Dr Elisa , Di Stasi Dr Vincenza , Cipriani Dr Sarah , Pizzocaro Dr Alessandro , Maggi Prof Mario , Vignozzi Prof Linda , Rastrelli Prof Giulia 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Objectives
Delayed puberty (DP) is a common clinical condition in boys. When DP is due to underlying pathologies or it causes profound social distress, pubertal induction is undertaken although a standard treatment protocol is not recommended. This is a systematic review and meta-analysis of literature aimed to summarize the therapeutic approaches used in published researches on male DP and to assess the possible differences in achieved outcomes.

Methods
An Medline search was conducted, including the following research key: (hypogonadotropic hypogonadism OR delayed puberty OR congenital delay of puberty) AND (therapy OR protocol OR treatment) AND (pubert*). The search was conducted until July 1st 2023.

Results
27 articles where obtained for the meta-analysis, including 47 studies. Of these, 33, 25, 20, and 13 reported data on testicular volume (TV), total testosterone (TT), height velocity, and final height after treatment for pubertal induction.
TV after treatment was 7.66 [6.68-8.65] mL, similar in studies using treatments mimicking the hypothalamus-pituitary activity and those using androgens (Q=2.33, p=0.127). Worse results were obtained by regimens using only hCG as compared with GnRH, FSH+hCG with or without FSH priming (Q=21.55, p&lt;0.0001). Among the androgen preparations, mesterolone was associated with the lowest TV, as compared with oxandrolone and testosterone enanthate (Q=16.62, p&lt;0.0001).
Androgens were associated with the highest HV (Q=7.74, p=0.05 for the comparison with hypothalamus-pituitary treatments), with studies using testosterone enanthate reporting the highest HV (Q=4.28; p=0.038). However, no differences in final height were detected among the different treatment regimens.

Conclusions
Despite some differences are observed between treatments mimicking the activity of the hypothalamus-pituitary axis and androgens, the final testicular volume and final height are similar. This does not support the superiority of one specific approach. The use of hCG alone represents and exception because it is associated with significantly lower TV achieved at the end of the treatment.

Conflicts of Interest
The authors declare no conflict of interest.
(227) THE ROLE AND PLACE OF QUANTITIVE ANALYSIS FOR PSYCHO-DIAGNOSTIC DATA IN THE PROCESS OF DIAGNOSIS OF FEMALE SEXUAL DYSFUNCTION
Authors: Marshania Zurab , Chochnidze Nino , Injgia Marika 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Objectives
Sexual activity is an important aspect of quality of life. It's a fact that mental disorders caused by sexual trauma in the past, bullying, strict upbringing, stigmatization, and low level of sexual education, play important roles in the development of female sexual dysfunctions. The aim of our study was to detect how effective is psycho-diagnostic examination for timely diagnosis and adequate treatment of women with sexual dysfunctions.

Methods
In our research that was conducted from October 2022 to July 2023, at Zurab Marshania's sexual medicine outpatient office, 75 women with different sexual dysfunctions. The study was quantitative. We used a correlational analysis to assess the association between dependent and independent variables. Independent variables with a p-value &lt; 0.05 were taken as statistically significant with sexual dysfunction. To evaluate psychological characteristics, we took MMPI-1, SSTAI, and the Beck Depression Questionnaire.

Results
All our patients had different sexual difficulties. 55% among 75 had psychological problems that were identified before the sexual dysfunction was discovered. The largest correlation (53%) was found between anxiety disorders and Female Orgasmic Disorder (FOD), as well as between depression and Female Hypoactive Sexual Desire Disorder (FHSDD) which was 27%. It is also worth emphasizing the style of life caused by strict traditional family education, due to which some of the patients had an inadequate perception of sexual life (63%).

Conclusions
The prevalence of sexual dysfunction among women with mental disorders is quite high, therefore, along with the treatment of sexual dysfunctions, it is important to properly evaluate the psychological state that can be performed effectively by psycho-diagnostic examination. Without it, the treatment of sexual dysfunctions among women will not be managed adequately.

Conflicts of Interest
there are no conflicts of Interest.
(389) EXPLORING THE LINK BETWEEN CONFORMITY TO MASCULINE IDEOLOGIES AND USE OF COERCIVE AND COAXING TACTICS FOLLOWING SEXUAL REJECTION
Authors: Birke Jennifer , Hochleitner Prof Margarethe , Komlenac Priv-Doz Nikola 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Objectives
To investigate the link between conformity to traditional masculine ideologies (TMIs) and the use of coercive (forceful and manipulative) and coaxing (benign or seductive) tactics following sexual rejection in cisgender men and women.

Methods
German-speaking participants (N = 771; 49.5% men and 50.5% women) were randomly assigned to read one of two hypothetical scenarios involving sexual rejection or engagement in sexual activities. Participants reported their reactions to sexual rejection. Additionally, conformity to TMIs were assessed. Hierarchical regression analysis was employed for data analysis.

Results
Participants with higher interest in partnered sexual activities, and higher enactment of power over women more often would use coercive tactics, as opposed to participants with lower conformity to those TMIs. Conversely, lower emotional restriction is associated with more frequent use of coercive tactics. Among men with higher conformity to social status, those who were rejected more often would use coaxing tactics, compared to those who were not rejected. Conversely, among participants with higher interest in partnered sexual activities, those who were not rejected more often would use coaxing tactics compared to those who were rejected.

Conclusions
Conformity to masculinity ideologies might be risk factors for women and men to use coercion tactics during partnered sexual activities. Therefore, sexual activities might be a means of achieving social status. Additionally, a desire to appear sexually experienced can contribute to the risk of resorting to coercion. Furthermore, coercive tactics may be used as an outlet for expressing frustration arising from perceived power imbalances within relationships. Interventions should employ gender-transformative strategies to separate sexual experiences from the pursuit of social status and provide individuals with alternative communication and conflict resolution techniques, emphasizing the importance of navigating power dynamics in a healthy and non-coercive manner. This transformative shift advances efforts to prevent and address sexual coercion by challenging deeply rooted stereotypes.

Conflicts of Interest
No conflicts of interest to declare.
Metabolic profiling of glioblastoma stem cells reveals pyruvate carboxylase as a critical survival factor and potential therapeutic target
Authors: Renoult Ophélie , Laurent--Blond Mélanie , Awada Hala , Oliver Lisa , Joalland Noémie , Croyal Mikaël , Paris François , Gratas Catherine , Pecqueur Claire 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background
Glioblastoma (GBM) is a highly aggressive tumor with unmet therapeutic needs, which can be explained by extensive intra-tumoral heterogeneity and plasticity. In this study, we aimed to investigate the specific metabolic features of Glioblastoma stem cells (GSC), a rare tumor subpopulation involved in tumor growth and therapy resistance.

Methods
We conducted comprehensive analyses of primary patient-derived GBM cultures and GSC-enriched cultures of human GBM cell lines using state-of-the-art molecular, metabolic, and phenotypic studies.

Results
We showed that GSC-enriched cultures display distinct glycolytic profiles compared with differentiated tumor cells. Further analysis revealed that GSC relies on pyruvate carboxylase (PC) activity for survival and self-renewal capacity. Interestingly, inhibition of PC led to GSC death, particularly when the glutamine pool was low, and increased differentiation. Finally, while GSC displayed resistance to the chemotherapy drug etoposide, genetic or pharmacological inhibition of PC restored etoposide sensitivity in GSC, both in vitro and in orthotopic murine models.

Conclusions
Our findings demonstrate the critical role of PC in GSC metabolism, survival, and escape to etoposide. They also highlight PC as a therapeutic target to overcome therapy resistance in GBM.
Pig organs in humans: a forum on xenotransplantation
Authors: Zhao Weijie 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT
What if one of your organs, say, the kidney, the heart or the liver, deteriorates completely, and you are not lucky enough to have a human organ for transplantation? Do you want to receive an organ from a pig? That is not a joke, but a subject some physicians and researchers are working on—a field of research known as ‘xenotransplantation’.In 2022, David Bennett, a 57-year-old patient with terminal heart disease, received a pig heart and survived for 2 months after the surgery. Another recipient, Lawrence Faucette, survived for 40 days after similar surgery in 2023. Then, in 2024, Rick Slayman, the world's first recipient of a pig kidney, passed away 2 months after the surgery. Rick was able to get out of the hospital during these 2 months and the transplant team said there is no indication that his sudden passing was the result of failure of the pig kidney graft. Rather, it was related to his heart disease. In China, a liver xenotransplantation from pig to a brain-dead patient was reported in 2024 and the transplanted liver survived in the human body for as long as 10 days.On April 2024, National Science Review organized a panel discussion on xenotransplantation, which was chaired by Prof. Liangxue Lai and involved six other experts in the field. The panelists had in-depth discussions on xenotransplantation, covering its history and the (i) gene editing of the donor pigs, (ii) immunosuppressive regimens required by the recipients, (iii) challenges in preclinical and clinical research, (iv) relevant ethical issues and (v) prospects for the future of xenotransplantation.

Gang Chen
Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China

David K.C. Cooper
Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA

Yifan Dai
School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China

Dengke Pan
ClonOrgan Biotechnology Company, Neijiang, China

Lin Wang
Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China

Xuan Zhang
Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China

Liangxue Lai (Chair)
Guangzhou Institute of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
Results of the Dutch scalp cooling registry in 7424 patients: analysis of determinants for scalp cooling efficacy
Authors: Brook Toni S , Seetsen Tanja , Dercksen Marcus W , van Riel Annemarie , Derleyn Veerle A , van den Bosch Johan , Nortier Johannes W R , Collett Andrew , Georgopoulos Nikolas T , Bryk Jarek , Breed Wim P M , Van Den Hurk Corina J G 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background
Chemotherapy-induced alopecia is a common consequence of cancer treatment with a high psychological impact on patients and can be prevented by scalp cooling (SC). With this multi-center patient series, we examined the results for multiple currently used chemotherapy regimens to offer an audit into the real-world determinants of SC efficacy.

Materials and methods
The Dutch Scalp Cooling Registry collected data on 7424 scalp-cooled patients in 68 Dutch hospitals. Nurses and patients completed questionnaires on patient characteristics, chemotherapy, and SC protocol. Patient-reported primary outcomes at the start of the final SC session included head cover (HC) (eg, wig/scarf) use (yes/no) as a surrogate for patient satisfaction with SC and WHO score for alopecia (0 = no hair loss up to 3 = total alopecia) as a measure of scalp cooling success. Exhaustive logistic regression analysis stratified by chemotherapy regimen was implemented to examine characteristics and interactions associated with the SC result.

Results
Overall, over half of patients (n = 4191, 56%) did not wear a HC and 53% (n = 3784/7183) reported minimal hair loss (WHO score 0/1) at the start of their final treatment. Outcomes were drug and dose dependent. Besides the chemotherapy regimen, this study did not identify any patient characteristic or lifestyle factor as a generic determinant influencing SC success. For non-gender specific cancers, gender played no statistically significant role in HC use nor WHO score.

Conclusions
Scalp cooling is effective for the majority of patients. The robust model for evaluating the drug and dose-specific determinants of SC efficacy revealed no indications for changes in daily practice, suggesting factors currently being overlooked. As no correlation was identified between the determinants explaining HC use and WHO score outcomes, new methods for evaluation are warranted.
Unraveling NEK4 as a Potential Drug Target in Schizophrenia and Bipolar I Disorder: A Proteomic and Genomic Approach
Authors: Zhang Chengcheng , Yang ZhiHui , Li Xiaojing , Zhao Liansheng , Guo Wanjun , Deng Wei , Wang Qiang , Hu Xun , Li Ming , Sham Pak Chung , Xiao Xiao , Li Tao 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background and Hypothesis
Investigating the shared brain protein and genetic components of schizophrenia (SCZ) and bipolar I disorder (BD-I) presents a unique opportunity to understand the underlying pathophysiological processes and pinpoint potential drug targets.

Study Design
To identify overlapping susceptibility brain proteins in SCZ and BD-I, we carried out proteome-wide association studies (PWAS) and Mendelian Randomization (MR) by integrating human brain protein quantitative trait loci with large-scale genome-wide association studies for both disorders. We utilized transcriptome-wide association studies (TWAS) to determine the consistency of mRNA-protein dysregulation in both disorders. We applied pleiotropy-informed conditional false discovery rate (pleioFDR) analysis to identify common risk genetic loci for SCZ and BD-I. Additionally, we performed a cell-type-specific analysis in the human brain to detect risk genes notably enriched in distinct brain cell types. The impact of risk gene overexpression on dendritic arborization and axon length in neurons was also examined.

Study Results
Our PWAS identified 42 proteins associated with SCZ and 14 with BD-I, among which NEK4, HARS2, SUGP1, and DUS2 were common to both conditions. TWAS and MR analysis verified the significant risk gene NEK4 for both SCZ and BD-I. PleioFDR analysis further supported genetic risk loci associated with NEK4 for both conditions. The cell-type specificity analysis revealed that NEK4 is expressed on the surface of glutamatergic neurons, and its overexpression enhances dendritic arborization and axon length in cultured primary neurons.

Conclusions
These findings underscore a shared genetic origin for SCZ and BD-I, offering novel insights for potential therapeutic target identification.
Inpatient Hospital Costs and Route of Hysterectomy for Management of Benign Uterine Disease in the 90-Day Global Billing Period
Authors: Bauer Hope H. , Sahmoud Amine , Rhodes Stephen P. , Sheyn David 
Published: June 2024

OBJECTIVE:
To compare inpatient hospital costs and complication rates within the 90-day global billing period among routes of hysterectomy.

METHODS:
The Premier Healthcare Database was used to identify patients who underwent hysterectomy between 2000 and 2020. Current Procedural Terminology codes were used to group patients based on route of hysterectomy. Comorbidities and complications were identified using International Classification of Diseases codes. Fixed, variable, and total costs for inpatient care were compared. Fixed costs consist of costs that are set for the case, such as operating room time or surgeon costs. Variable costs include disposable and reusable items that are billed additionally. Total costs equal fixed and variable costs combined. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance, t test, and χ2 test, as appropriate. Factors independently associated with increased total costs were assessed using linear mixed effects models. Multivariate logistic regression was performed to evaluate associations between the route of surgery and complication rates.

RESULTS:
A cohort of 400,977 patients were identified and grouped by route of hysterectomy. Vaginal hysterectomy demonstrated the lowest inpatient total cost ($6,524.00 [interquartile range $4,831.60, $8,785.70]), and robotic-assisted laparoscopic hysterectomy had the highest total cost ($9,386.80 [interquartile range $6,912.40, $12,506.90]). These differences persisted with fixed and variable costs. High-volume laparoscopic and robotic surgeons (more than 50 cases per year) had a decrease in the cost difference when compared with costs of vaginal hysterectomy. Abdominal hysterectomy had a higher rate of complications relative to vaginal hysterectomy (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.52, 95% CI, 1.39–1.67), whereas laparoscopic (aOR 0.85, 95% CI, 0.80–0.89) and robotic-assisted (aOR 0.92, 95% CI, 0.84–1.00) hysterectomy had lower rates of complications compared with vaginal hysterectomy.

CONCLUSION:
Robotic-assisted hysterectomy is associated with higher surgical costs compared with other approaches, even when accounting for surgeon volume. Complication rates are low for minimally invasive surgery, and it is unlikely that the robotic-assisted approach provides an appreciable improvement in perioperative outcomes.
D2-like dopamine receptors blockade within the dentate gyrus shows a greater effect on stress-induced analgesia in the tail-flick test compared to D1-like dopamine receptors
Authors: Golmohammadi Homayoon , Shirmohammadi Diba , Mazaheri Sajad , Haghparast Abbas 
Published: June 2024

Introduction
Acute stress, as a protective mechanism to respond to an aversive stimulus, can often be accompanied by suppressing pain perception via promoting consistent burst firing of dopamine neurons. Besides, sensitive and advanced research techniques led to the recognition of the mesohippocampal dopaminergic terminals, particularly in the hippocampal dentate gyrus (DG). Moreover, previous studies have shown that dopamine receptors within the hippocampal DG play a critical role in induced antinociceptive responses by forced swim stress (FSS) in the presence of inflammatory pain. Since different pain states can trigger various mechanisms and transmitter systems, the present experiments aimed to investigate whether dopaminergic receptors within the DG have the same role in the presence of acute thermal pain.

Methods
Ninety-seven adult male albino Wistar rats underwent stereotaxic surgery, and a stainless steel guide cannula was unilaterally implanted 1 mm above the DG. Different doses of SCH23390 or sulpiride as D1- and D2-like dopamine receptor antagonists were microinjected into the DG 5–10 min before exposure to FSS, and 5 min after FSS exposure, the tail-flick test evaluated the effect of stress on the nociceptive response at the time-set intervals.

Results
The results demonstrated that exposure to FSS could significantly increase the acute pain perception threshold, while intra-DG administration of SCH23390 and sulpiride reduced the antinociceptive effect of FSS in the tail-flick test.

Discussion
Additionally, it seems the D2-like dopamine receptor within the DG plays a more prominent role in FSS-induced analgesia in the acute pain model.
Lenvatinib plus drug-eluting bead transarterial chemoembolization with/without hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy for hepatocellular carcinoma larger than 7 cm with major portal vein tumor thrombosis: a multicenter retrospective cohort study
Authors: Cai Mingyue , Liang Licong , Zhang Jian , Chen Nianping , Huang Wensou , Guo Yongjian , Hong Xiaotao , Lin Liteng , Liu Yaohong , Dan Cao , Deng Haihui , Liu Xiaoguang , Zhou Jingwen , Chen Ye , Chen Huanwei , Zhu Kangshun 
Published: June 2024

Background:
The management of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with high tumor burden and major portal vein tumor thrombosis (PVTT) remains a great challenge. The authors aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of lenvatinib plus drug-eluting bead transarterial chemoembolization (DEB-TACE) and hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy (HAIC) with oxaliplatin, fluorouracil and leucovorin (Len+DEB-TACE+HAIC) versus lenvatinib plus DEB-TACE (Len+DEB-TACE) for HCC greater than 7.0 cm accompanied with major PVTT.

Materials and methods:
This multicenter retrospective cohort study evaluated consecutive patients with HCC (> 7.0 cm) and major PVTT who received Len+DEB-TACE+HAIC (Len+DEB-TACE+HAIC group) or Len+DEB-TACE (Len+DEB-TACE group) between July 2019 and June 2021 from eight institutions in China. Objective response rate (ORR), time to progression (TTP), overall survival (OS), and treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs) were compared between the two groups by propensity score matching (PSM).

Results:
A total of 205 patients were included. After PSM, 85-paired patients remained in the study cohorts. Patients in the Len+DEB-TACE+HAIC group had higher ORR (61.2% vs. 34.1%, P < 0.001), longer TTP (median, 9.8 vs. 5.9 months, P < 0.001), and prolonged OS (median, 16.7 vs. 12.5 months, P < 0.001) than those in the Len+DEB-TACE group. The ORR and TTP of both intrahepatic tumor (ORR: 64.7% vs. 36.5%, P < 0.001; median TTP: 10.7 vs. 7.0 months, P < 0.001) and PVTT (ORR: 74.1% vs. 47.1%, P < 0.001; median TTP: 17.4 vs. 7.6 months, P < 0.001) were better in the Len+DEB-TACE+HAIC group than the Len+DEB-TACE group. The frequency of grade 3-4 TRAEs in the Len+DEB-TACE+HAIC group were comparable to those in the Len+DEB-TACE group (38.8% vs. 34.1%, P = 0.524).

Conclusion:
The addition of HAIC to Len+DEB-TACE significantly improved ORR, TTP, and OS over Len+DEB-TACE with an acceptable safety profile for large HCC with major PVTT.