bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quantitative proteomic analysis of A549 cells infected with human respiratory syncytial virus subgroup B using SILAC coupled to LC‐MS/MS
Authors: C. Munday Diane , Hiscox Julian A. , Barr John N. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractHuman respiratory syncytial virus (HRSV) is a leading cause of serious lower respiratory tract infections in infants. The virus has two subgroups A and B, which differ in prevalence and (nucleotide) sequence. The interaction of subgroup A viruses with the host cell is relatively well characterized, whereas for subgroup B viruses it is not. Therefore quantitative proteomics was used to investigate the interaction of subgroup B viruses with A549 cells, a respiratory cell line. Changes in the cellular proteome and potential canonical pathways were determined using SILAC coupled to LC‐MS/MS and Ingenuity Pathway Analysis. To reduce sample complexity and investigate potential trafficking both nuclear and cytoplasmic fractions were analyzed. A total of 904 cellular and six viral proteins were identified and quantified, of which 112 cellular proteins showed a twofold or more change in HRSV‐infected cells. Data sets were validated using indirect immunofluorescence confocal microscopy on independent samples. Major changes were observed in constituents of mitochondria including components of the electron transport chain complexes and channels, as well as increases in the abundance of the products of interferon‐stimulated genes. This is the first quantitative proteomic analysis of cells infected with HRSV‐subgroup B.
Translationally optimal codons associate with aggregation‐prone sites in proteins
Authors: Lee Yaelim , Zhou Tong , Tartaglia Gian Gaetano , Vendruscolo Michele , Wilke Claus O. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractWe analyze the relationship between codon usage bias and residue aggregation propensity in the genomes of four model organisms, Escherichia coli, yeast, fly, and mouse, as well as the archaeon Halobacterium species NRC‐1. Using the Mantel–Haenszel procedure, we find that translationally optimal codons associate with aggregation‐prone residues. Our results are qualitatively and quantitatively similar to those of an earlier study where we found an association between translationally optimal codons and buried residues. We also combine the aggregation‐propensity data with solvent‐accessibility data. Although the resulting data set is small, and hence statistical power low, results indicate that the association between optimal codons and aggregation‐prone residues exists both at buried and at exposed sites. By comparing codon usage at different combinations of sites (exposed, aggregation‐prone sites versus buried, non‐aggregation‐prone sites; buried, aggregation‐prone sites versus exposed, non‐aggregation‐prone sites), we find that aggregation propensity and solvent accessibility seem to have independent effects of (on average) comparable magnitude on codon usage. Finally, in fly, we assess whether optimal codons associate with sites at which amino acid substitutions lead to an increase in aggregation propensity, and find only a very weak effect. These results suggest that optimal codons may be required to reduce the frequency of translation errors at aggregation‐prone sites that coincide with certain functional sites, such as protein–protein interfaces. Alternatively, optimal codons may be required for rapid translation of aggregation‐prone regions.
Cyclic homo and block copolymers through sequential double click reactions
Authors: Durmaz Hakan , Dag Aydan , Hizal Gurkan , Tunca Umit 
Published: October 2010

AbstractWell‐defined linear α‐anthracene‐ω‐maleimide functionalized polystyrene (l‐Anth‐PS‐MI) and linear α‐alkyne‐ω‐maleimide functionalized poly(tert‐butyl acrylate) (l‐alkyne‐PtBA‐MI) homopolymers, and linear α‐anthracene‐ω‐maleimide functionalized PS‐b‐PtBA (l‐Anth‐PS‐b‐PtBA‐MI) and linear α‐anthracene‐ω‐maleimide functionalized PS‐b‐poly(ε‐caprolactone) (PCL) (l‐Anth‐PS‐b‐PCL‐MI) block copolymers were obtained via combination of atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP)/ring opening polymerization (ROP) and azide‐alkyne click reaction strategy. Subsequently, these linear homo and block copolymers were efficiently clicked via Diels‐Alder reaction to give their corresponding cyclic homo and block copolymers at reflux temperature of toluene for 48 h under 7–4 × 10−5 M conditions. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem, 2010
Thioxanthone–carbazole as a visible light photoinitiator for free radical polymerization
Authors: Yilmaz Gorkem , Tuzun Alev , Yagci Yusuf 
Published: October 2010

AbstractA thioxanthone (TX) derivative with the additional carbazole chromophore, namely thioxanthone‐carbazole (TX‐C) was synthesized and characterized. The photophysical properties and its efficiency to polymerize methyl methacrylate both in the presence and absence of N,N‐dimethylaniline (DMA) as coinitiator was investigated and compared with that of the commercially available TX. TX‐C was found to display better photophysical properties and in both cases initiate polymerization more efficiently. Detailed real‐time Fourier transform infrared studies revealed that high polymerization rates can be obtained when TX‐C in conjunction with DMA was used. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem, 2010
One‐pot enzymatic route to tetraallyl ether functional oligoesters: Synthesis, UV curing, and characterization
Authors: Eriksson Magnus , Boyer Antoine , Sinigoi Loris , Johansson Mats , Malmström Eva , Hult Karl , Trey Stacy , Martinelle Mats 
Published: October 2010

AbstractAn enzymatic one‐pot route in bulk was used to synthesize tetraallyl ether (tAE) functional oligomers based on divinyl adipate, 1,4‐butanediol and trimethylolpropane diallyl ether. By using lipase B from Candida antarctica as catalyst and varying the stoichiometric ratio of monomers, it was possible to reach targeted molecular weights (from 1300 to 3300 g mol−1) of allyl‐ether functional polyesters. The enzyme catalyzed reaction reached completion (>98% conversion based on all monomers) within 24 h at 60 °C, under reduced pressure (72 mbar) resulting in ∼90% yield after filtration. The tAE‐functional oligoesters were photopolymerized, without any purification other than removal of the enzyme by filtration, with thiol functional monomers (dithiol, tetrathiol) in a 1:1 ratio thiol‐ene reaction. The photo‐initiator, 2,2‐dimethoxy‐2‐phenylacetophenone, was used to improve the rate of reaction under UV light. High conversions (96–99% within detection limits) were found for all thiol‐ene films as determined by FT‐Raman spectroscopy. The tAE‐functional oligoesters were characterized by NMR, MALDI, and SEC. The UV‐cured homopolymerized films and the thiol‐ene films properties were characterized utilizing DSC and DMTA. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem, 2010
Controlled polymerization of methacrylates at ambient temperature using trithiocarbonate chain transfer agents via SET‐RAFT–cyclohexyl methacrylate: A model study
Authors: Haridharan N. , Ponnusamy K. , Dhamodharan R. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractControlled radical polymerization of cyclohexyl methacrylate (CHMA), at ambient temperature, using various chain transfer agents (CTAs) is successfully demonstrated via single electron transfer‐radical addition fragmentation chain transfer (SET‐RAFT). Well‐controlled polymerization with narrow molecular weight distribution (Mw/Mn) < 1.25 was achieved. The polymerization rate followed first‐order kinetics with respect to monomer conversion, and the molecular weight of the polymer increased linearly up to high conversion. A novel, fluorescein‐based initiator, a novel fluorescent CTA and two other CTAs comprising of butane thiol trithiocarbonate with cyano (CTA 1) and carboxylic acid (CTA 3) as the end group were synthesized and characterized. The polymerization is observed to be uncontrolled under SET and less controlled under atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) condition. CTA 2 and 3 produces better control in propagation compared with CTA 1, which may be attributed to the presence of R group that undergoes ready fragmentation to radicals, at ambient temperature. The poly(cyclohexyl methacrylate) [P(CHMA)] prepared through ATRP have higher fluorescence intensity compared with those from SET‐RAFT, which may be attributed to the quenching of fluorescence by the trithiocarbonate and the long hydrocarbon chain. It is observed that block copolymers P(CHMA‐b‐t‐BMA) produced from P(CHMA) macroinitiators synthesized via SET‐RAFT result in lower polydispersity index in comparison with those synthesized via ATRP. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem, 2010
‘Good relations’ among neighbours and workmates? The everyday encounters of Accession 8 migrants and established communities in Urban England
Authors: Cook Joanne , Dwyer Peter , Waite Louise 
Published: October 2010

AbstractDrawing on data generated in a recently completed qualitative study in a northern, English city, this paper explores the everyday social encounters of Accession 8 (A8) migrants who entered the UK following the expansion of the European Union in 2004. A number of options from permanent residence in another Member State on the one hand, to more fleeting circulatory and multiple short‐term moves on the other, now exist for these new European citizens. The relatively short‐term and temporary residence of some A8 migrants calls into question the focus of much UK government policy, which emphasises the need for migrants to integrate into diverse yet cohesive communities. Against this backdrop, the aim of this paper is two‐fold. First, it considers the somewhat different character of A8 migration (encompassing a spectrum from permanency to temporariness) and what this means for routine experiences of mixing between new migrants and established host communities. Second, the paper explores such interactions in terms of ‘everyday encounters’ in both neighbourhood and work spaces and asks whether such spatio‐temporal practices and experiences enhance or inhibit the building of ‘good relations’ in a multicultural city. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Explaining low international labour mobility: the role of networks, personality, and perceived labour market opportunities
Authors: van Dalen Hendrik P. , Henkens Kène 
Published: October 2010

AbstractWhy is international labour mobility so low in high‐income regions of the European Union? To shed light on this issue, we examine international labour migration intentions of the Dutch potential labour force. A key characteristic of intended (temporary) labour migration of the Dutch is that it occurs at a low level and is strongly age related. The low expected rate of migration is closely connected to (low) expectations about finding work abroad and the expectation that foreign work experience is not perceived to be of value to employers. In addition to these barriers to move abroad, it appears that the personality of potential migrants (nationalistic, risk averse) matters as well as the lack of social networks abroad. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The screened‐exchange approximation as alternative method for DFT calculations on graphene structures
Authors: Gillen Roland , Robertson John 
Published: October 2010

AbstractWe present results from calculations of the electronical band structures of graphene and zigzag graphene nanoribbons employing the sX‐LDA approximation to the electron–electron interaction. The sX‐LDA functional includes non‐local electron exchange and is thus expected to yield more accurate results than standard LDA or GGA functionals. We show that sX‐LDA can make up for the shortcomings of LDA in terms of the electronical band structure of graphene materials and can correctly describe the value of the Fermi velocity in graphene and improvements on the spin‐polarized ground state in zigzag nanoribbons and the resulting spin‐induced band gaps.
N‐type doping effect of single‐walled carbon nanotubes with aromatic amines
Authors: Koizhaiganova Raushan B. , Hwang Doo Hee , Lee Cheol Jin , Roth Siegmar , Dettlaff‐Weglikowska Urszula 
Published: October 2010

AbstractWe investigated the chemical doping of the single‐walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) networks by a treatment with aromatic amines. Adsorption and intercalation of amine molecules in bundled SWCNTs leads to typical n‐type doping observed already for alkali metals. The electron donation to SWCNTs is demonstrated by the X‐ray‐induced photoelectron spectra (XPS), where the carbon C 1s peak observed at 284.4 eV for the sp2 carbon in pristine samples is shifted by up to 0.3 eV to higher binding energy upon chemical treatment. The development of a Breit‐Wigner‐Fano component on the lower energy side of the G− mode in the Raman spectrum as well as a shift of the G+ to lower frequency provide evidence for charge accumulation in the nanotube π system, and indication for the n‐type doping. The spectroscopic changes are accompanied by the modification of the electrical properties of the SWCNTs. A reduction of conductivity depends on the doping level and implies the decreasing concentration of the charge carriers in the naturally p‐doped tubes. Comparing the two selected n‐type dopants, the tetramethyl‐p‐phenylenediamine, shows more pronounced changes in the XPS and the Raman spectra than tetramethylpyrazine, indicating that the sp3 hybridization of nitrogen in the amine groups attached to phenyl ring is much more effective in interaction with the tube π system than the sp2 hybridization of nitrogen in the aromatic pyrazine ring.
Raman study of inhomogeneities in carbon nanotube distribution in CNT–PMMA composites
Authors: Mueller Andreas , Vigolo Brigitte , McRae Edward , Soldatov Alexander V. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractThis work is aimed at characterization of the carbon nanotube (CNT) distribution in polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA)–CNT composites by high‐resolution Raman spectroscopy. In particular, we focus on study of the boundary regions between the CNT aggregates and the surrounding areas where the CNTs are well dispersed in the PMMA matrix. Different laser excitation energies (1.96 and 2.33 eV) were used to preferentially probe metallic and semiconducting SWCNTs, respectively. At both photon energies, spectral line scans across the boundary regions were performed revealing a substantial drop in intensity of G+ CNT Raman mode and an increase of the D/G+‐intensity ratio. The latter testifies to a preferential dispersion of functionalized CNTs in the PMMA matrix. Certain inhomogeneities were observed by Raman spectral imaging even in the areas with well‐dispersed CNTs.
The line shape analysis of electron spectroscopy spectra by the artificial intelligence methods for identification of C sp2/sp3 bonds
Authors: Lesiak Beata , Zemek Josef , Jiricek Petr , Stobinski Leszek , Jóźwik Adam 
Published: October 2010

AbstractThe functionalized by the oxidation reaction multiwall carbon nanotubes, denoted as ox‐MWCNTs, and temperature modified are studied using the X‐ray induced Auger electron spectroscopy (XAES) and elastic peak electron spectroscopy reflection electron energy loss (EPES REELS). The artificial intelligence methods, like (i) the principal components (PC) and (ii) the k‐nearest neighbors (kNN) rule are applied for analysis of spectra line shapes. These methods apply spectra (i) transformation (PC) and (ii) n‐dimensional representation as vector points (kNN) and deal with distances between vector points. The spectra of temperature modified ox‐MWCNTs are identified on the basis of respective spectra recorded from the so‐called reference set, i.e., the spectra from graphite (C sp2 hybridizations) and diamond (C sp3 hybridizations). The kNN rule is more efficient than the PC for identification of carbon materials containing various C sp2 content and can be applied for quantification. The kNN rule indicated majority of C sp2 in temperature treated ox‐MWCNTs. The accuracy of the kNN rule is discussed.
Low‐temperature growth of single‐wall carbon nanotubes inside nano test tubes
Authors: Shiozawa Hidetsugu , Silva S. Ravi P. , Liu Zheng , Suenaga Kazu , Kataura Hiromichi , Kramberger Christian , Pfeiffer Rudolf , Kuzmany Hans , Pichler Thomas 
Published: October 2010

AbstractFrom nano‐test tube chemistry we determine details of low temperature growth of carbon nanotubes. Single‐walled carbon nanotubes of various diameters are grown at different temperatures from a Pt organometallic precursor encapsulated inside template single‐walled tubes. At the low temperature limits where the reactions are slower and milder, the inner‐tube diameters are optimally determined by the outer‐tube diameter. The growth temperature is determined for a given tube chirality and is found to be dependent on the diameter. It is lower for thinner tubes and can be as low as 600 °C for the (7.3) tube. In situ nano‐test tube chemistry within a state‐of‐the‐art microscope provides an idealistic nano‐clean room experiment, which allows monitoring of a snapshot in the catalytic growth of a single‐walled tube out of a Pt nanocrystal.
Electrospray ionization mass spectrometry from discrete nanoliter‐sized sample volumes
Authors: Ek Patrik , Stjernström Mårten , Emmer Åsa , Roeraade Johan 
Published: October 2010

AbstractWe describe a method for nanoelectrospray ionization mass spectrometry (nESI‐MS) of very small sample volumes. Nanoliter‐sized sample droplets were taken up by suction into a nanoelectrospray needle from a silicon microchip prior to ESI. To avoid a rapid evaporation of the small sample volumes, all manipulation steps were performed under a cover of fluorocarbon liquid. Sample volumes down to 1.5 nL were successfully analyzed, and an absolute limit of detection of 105 attomole of insulin (chain B, oxidized) was obtained. The open access to the sample droplets on the silicon chip provides the possibility to add reagents to the sample droplets and perform chemical reactions under an extended period of time. This was demonstrated in an example where we performed a tryptic digestion of cytochrome C in a nanoliter‐sized sample volume for 2.5 h, followed by monitoring the outcome of the reaction with nESI‐MS. The technology was also utilized for tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) sequencing analysis of a 2 nL solution of angiotensin I. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Moving from Principles to Practice: Recommended Policy Changes to Promote Family‐Centered Care
Authors: Kilmer Ryan P. , Cook James R. , Palamaro Munsell Eylin 
Published: October 2010

AbstractThis paper emphasizes the value of family‐centered care. Discussion highlights family‐centered philosophies (e.g., Systems of Care [SOCs]) and practice models (i.e., wraparound) and identifies discrepancies between conceptualizations and actual practice. Data from multiple sources detail issues in fidelity to family‐centered values and needs and risks experienced by siblings of children with severe emotional disturbance and their caregivers. This discussion provides a springboard for policy recommendations to strengthen family support programming and enhance family‐centered care, from modifying funding streams such that systems extend their reach beyond children with full‐blown, diagnosable problems (those meeting standards of “medical necessity), to supporting prevention and early intervention initiatives that address families as targets for intervention. Recommendations include ensuring that communities with SOC funding address the needs of families; broadening Medicaid rules and definitions; expanding the range of reimbursable activities and services; and increasing funding for evaluating family‐centered care models and family support programming.
“In Sickness and in Health”? Disclosures of Genetic Risks in Dating
Authors: Klitzman Robert L. , Sweeney Meghan M. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractIndividuals who have, or are at risk for, various genetic disorders face many challenges concerning disclosures of genetic information in dating situations. We conducted a qualitative interview study of 64 individuals confronting Huntington's disease, breast cancer, or Alpha‐1 antitrypsin deficiency, examining what issues these individuals encountered, and how they viewed and addressed these—including issues of understandings, privacy, and disclosures of genetic information to various groups (e.g., family members). Incidental to the primary research questions addressed, participants also often described a series of dilemmas in dating situations that they and/or family members, friends, and fellow patients faced of whether to date, and if so, whether, what, how, why, and when to disclose their genetic risk or illness. At times, these individuals feared and experienced rejection, and hence delayed, avoided, or opposed disclosure, or disclosed indirectly or inadvertently. These data are reported in this paper and highlight the importance of patients, their loved ones, genetic counselors, and other health care providers being aware of these issues, and appreciating the complex factors involved, which can affect patients’ coping and social support. This paper, the first to explore several key aspects of disclosures of genetic information in dating, thus suggests needs for public and professional education, and future research in this area.
Formative pre-Hispanic agricultural soils in northwest Argentina
Authors: Sampietro Vattuone María Marta , Roldán Jimena , Neder Liliana , Maldonado Mario Gabriel , Vattuone Marta Amelia 
Published: October 2010

AbstractOur study area is from an early agricultural archaeological site named “El Tolar” (1st to 9th century AD), located in Tafí Valley (Tucumán, northwest Argentina). The objective was to identify geochemical signatures generated by the sustained agrarian use of soils. Chemical and pedological studies were made in different archaeological contexts. Physical and chemical features, such as bulk density, pH, organic and inorganic phosphorus, and available copper, manganese and iron, were taken into account. The results suggested that a buried paleosol identified was contemporary with the occupation of the site. It also showed characteristics clearly related to pre-Hispanic agrarian production. The concentrations of organic phosphorus and iron in agricultural soils probably reflect the use of fertilizers. The application of geoscience techniques allowed us to obtain important information on their behaviour and socio-economic development. This paper constitutes the first pedogeochemical approach to the study of Argentinean pre-Hispanic agricultural soils.