bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Push‐out bond strength of a nano‐modified mineral trioxide aggregate
Authors: Saghiri Mohammad Ali , Garcia‐Godoy Franklin , Gutmann James L. , Lotfi Mehrdad , Asatourian Armen , Ahmadi Hadi 
Published: August 2012

AbstractIntroductionTo analyze the push‐out bond strength of Angelus WMTA (Angelus Dental Products), a nano‐modification of WMTA (Kamal Asgar Research Center) and Bioaggregate (Innovative Bioceramix).MethodsSixty 2‐mm‐thick root sections were prepared from 60 single‐rooted human teeth. The dentin disks were randomly divided into three groups (n = 20) and filled with Angelus WMTA, Nano‐WMTA, or Bioaggregate, respectively. Push‐out bond strength values of the specimens were measured by a universal testing machine and examined under scanning electron microscope at × 40 magnification to determine the nature of the bond failure. The data were analyzed with a Kruskal–Wallis test.ResultsThe greatest mean for push‐out bond strength (138.48 ± 11.43 MPa) was observed for the nano‐modification of WMTA. The values decreased to 110.73 ± 11.19 and 25.64 ± 5.27 MPa for Angelus WMTA and Bioaggregate, respectively. There were significant differences between the groups (P < 0.001). Inspection of the samples revealed the bond failure to be predominantly adhesive type except for the nano‐modification group, as some samples also exhibited cohesive failures.ConclusionsIt is concluded that the force needed for the displacement of the nano‐modification of WMTA (NWMTA) was significantly higher than for Angelus WMTA and Bioaggregate.
HEALTHY Study School Food Service Revenue and Expense Report
Authors: Treviño Roberto P. , Pham Trang , Mobley Connie , Hartstein Jill , Ghormli Laure El , Songer Thomas 
Published: August 2012

BACKGROUND: Food service directors have a concern that federal reimbursement is not meeting the demands of increasing costs of healthier meals. The purpose of this article is to report the food option changes and the annual revenues and expenses of the school food service environment.METHODS: The HEALTHY study was a 3‐year (2006 to 2009) randomized, cluster‐designed trial conducted in 42 middle schools at 7 field centers. The schools selected had at least 50% of students who were eligible for free or reduced‐price lunch or who belonged to a minority group. A randomly assigned half of the HEALTHY schools received a school health intervention program consisting of 4 integrated components: nutrition, physical activity, behavioral knowledge and skills, and social marketing. The nutrition component consisted of changing the meal plans to meet 5 nutrition goals. Revenue and expense data were collected from income statements, federal meal records, à la carte sale sheets, school store sale sheets, donated money/food records, and vending machines.RESULTS: Although more intervention schools reached the nutritional goals than control schools, revenues and expenses were not significantly different between groups.CONCLUSION: The HEALTHY study showed no adverse effect of school food policies on food service finances.
An Experimental Assessment of Physical Educators' Expectations and Attitudes: The Importance of Student Weight and Gender
Authors: Peterson Jamie Lee , Puhl Rebecca M. , Luedicke Joerg 
Published: August 2012

BACKGROUND: At school, physical education (PE) teachers and coaches may be key supports for physical activity. Unfortunately, PE teachers may endorse negative stereotypes and attitudes toward overweight youth. These biases may influence the amount of instruction physical educators provide to students and their participation in PE or other physical activity.METHODS: This study assessed physical educators' (N = 162) ability and performance expectations, attributions, and attitudes toward overweight and non‐overweight students.RESULTS: Physical educators endorsed inferior ability expectations for overweight students compared to non‐overweight students. Poorer performance expectations were limited to overweight female targets, but when controlling for participant characteristics, this effect became marginally significant for overweight male targets. There was a trend such that participants endorsed more external attributions for the abilities and performance of overweight female students, yet this effect was reduced to marginal significance when controlling for participant characteristics. Participants endorsed more negative attitudes for both overweight males and females compared to non‐overweight youth.CONCLUSIONS: Findings indicate that physical educators' expectations, attributions, and attitudes regarding students may be negatively influenced by youth body weight, and differ by student gender. The potential effect of physical educators' weight bias on adolescent participation in physical activity and its implications for students' physical health, academic achievement, and social development are discussed.
Buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench) Grain and Fractions: Antioxidant Compounds and Activities
Authors: Sedej Ivana , Sakač Marijana , Mandić Anamarija , Mišan Aleksandra , Tumbas Vesna , Čanadanović‐Brunet Jasna 
Published: August 2012

Abstract:  Buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench) is an alternative crop belonging to the Polygonaceae family. In comparison to antioxidant activity of frequently used cereals, buckwheat has been reported to possess higher antioxidant activity (AOA), mainly due to high rutin content. The objective of this work was to determine the main antioxidant compounds and AOA of buckwheat grain fractions (whole grain, hull, and groat). Buckwheat grain fractions were extracted with ethanol/water (80/20, v/v), followed by determination of total phenolic and flavonoid content. Quantification of phenolic compounds and tocopherols was performed by high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The AOA was estimated by 2 direct electron spin resonance (ESR) and 4 indirect (spectrophotometric) tests. Significantly higher contents of total phenolics and total flavonoids were found in buckwheat hull than in whole grain and groat. Protocatechuic, syringic, and sinapic acid, rutin, and quercetin were found in all tested fractions, whereas vanilic acid was found in whole grain and hull. The content of total tocopherols in investigated samples ranged from 23.3 mmol/g for hull to 61.8 mmol/g for groat. Hull was superior in scavenging activity on 1,1‐diphenyl‐2‐picrylhydrazyl (DPPH•), hydroxyl (•OH), and superoxide anion (O2•‐) radicals, reducing activity, AOA by β‐carotene bleaching method, and chelating activity on Fe2+ as evidenced by its lower IC50 value. Obtained results can broaden the utilization of buckwheat, especially a share of hull in whole grain flour production.Practical Application:  Obtained results suggest possibility to supplement the whole grain buckwheat flour with hull, which leads toward better usage of by‐products in buckwheat production, and enhancement of antioxidant potential of the final product.
Comparative Effectiveness Analysis of Amlodipine/Renin‐Angiotensin System Blocker Combinations
Authors: Ram C. Venkata S. , Vasey Joseph , Panjabi Sumeet , Qian Chunlin , Quah Ruth 
Published: August 2012

J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich). 2012; 14:601–610. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.A comparative effectiveness analysis of antihypertensive therapy amlodipine (AML) and angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) fixed‐ and loose‐dose combinations (FDCs and LDCs) in achieving blood pressure (BP) reduction and Seventh Report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation and Treatment of High Blood Pressure (JNC 7) goal attainment was made using retrospective electronic medical record (EMR) data. Treatment goal rates ranged from 35.0% for LDC AML/losartan to 45.7% for FDC AML/olmesartan (OM). FDC AML/OM achieved significantly greater reductions in systolic BP than FDC AML/benazepril (BEN), FDC AML/valsartan (VAL), and LDC AML/ARBs, respectively, and significantly greater reductions in diastolic BP than FDC AML/VAL and LDC therapy, respectively. Compared with patients treated with AML/OM, patients prescribed AML/VAL and LDC AML/ARB were significantly less likely to attain JNC 7 BP goal. Among subpopulations, AML/OM yielded higher rates of goal attainment among both African Americans and obese/overweight patients relative to AML/VAL and combined LDCs. Switchers from monotherapy with AML, OM, or VAL to AML/OM were significantly more likely to attain JNC 7 goals than those switching to AML/VAL or AML/BEN.
Dental health of homeless adults in Toronto, Canada
Authors: Figueiredo Rafael L. F. , Hwang Stephen W. , Quiñonez Carlos 
Published: August 2012

AbstractObjectives: This study aimed to assess the oral health status of the Toronto adult homeless population; to learn how they perceive their own oral health; and to correlate the presence of oral disease with length of homelessness and unemployment.Methods: This cross‐sectional descriptive study collected data from 191 homeless adults who were randomly selected using a stratified cluster sample at 18 shelters. A questionnaire and clinical oral examination were conducted with participants.Results: The mean Decayed/Missing/Filled Teeth (DMFT) score of the subjects was 14.4 (SD = 8.1). Only 32% of them had visited a dentist during the last year, 75% believed that they had untreated dental conditions, and 40% had their last dental visit for emergency care. The clinical oral examination observed that 88% needed fillings, 70% periodontal, 60% prosthodontic, and 40% emergency treatment.Conclusion: Homeless adults in Toronto have poor oral health, significant oral health treatment needs, and a lack of access to dental care.
Poor oral health as an obstacle to employment for Medicaid beneficiaries with disabilities
Authors: Hall Jean P. , Chapman Shawna L. Carroll , Kurth Noelle K. 
Published: August 2012

AbstractObjectives: To inform policy with better information about the oral health‐care needs of a Medicaid population that engages in employment, that is, people ages 16 to 64 with Social Security‐determined disabilities enrolled in a Medicaid Buy‐In program.Methods: Statistically test for significant differences among responses to a Medicaid Buy‐In program satisfaction survey that included oral health questions from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System and the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP) to results for the state's general population and the US general population.Results: All measures of dental care access and oral health were significantly worse for the study population as compared with a state general population or a US general population. Differences were particularly pronounced for the OHIP measure for difficulty doing one's job due to dental problems, which was almost five times higher for the study population.Conclusions: More comprehensive dental benefits for the study population could result in increased oral and overall health, and eventual cost savings to Medicaid as more people work, have improved health, and pay premiums for coverage.
Deep inspiration breath hold technique reduces heart dose from radiotherapy for left‐sided breast cancer
Authors: Hayden Amy J , Rains Melissa , Tiver Kenneth 
Published: August 2012

AbstractIntroduction: Adjuvant left breast radiotherapy (ALBR) for breast cancer can result in significant radiation dose to the heart. Current evidence suggests a dose–response relationship between the risk of cardiac morbidity and radiation dose to cardiac volumes. This study explores the potential benefit of utilising a deep inspiration breath hold (DIBH) technique to reduce cardiac doses.Methods: Thirty patients with left‐sided breast cancer underwent CT‐simulation scans in free breathing (FB) and DIBH. Treatment plans were generated using a hybrid intensity‐modulated radiation therapy technique with simultaneous integrated boost. A dosimetric comparison was made between the two techniques for the heart, left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD), left lung and contralateral breast.Results: Compared with FB, DIBH resulted in a significant reduction in heart V30 (7.1 vs. 2.4%, P < 0.0001), mean heart dose (6.9 vs. 3.9 Gy, P < 0.001), maximum LAD planning risk volume (PRV) dose, (51.6 vs. 45.6 Gy, P = 0.0032) and the mean LAD PRV dose (31.7 vs. 21.9 Gy, P < 0.001). No significant difference was noted for lung V20, mean lung dose or mean dose to the contralateral breast. The DIBH plans demonstrated significantly larger total lung volumes (1126 vs. 2051 cc, P < 0.0001), smaller maximum heart depth (2.08 vs. 1.17 cm, P < 0.0001) and irradiated heart volume (36.9 vs. 12.1 cc, P < 0.0001).Conclusions: DIBH resulted in a significant reduction in radiation dose to the heart and LAD compared with an FB technique for ALBR. Ongoing research is required to determine optimal cardiac dose constraints and methods of predicting which patients will derive the most benefit from a DIBH technique.
2-Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin-modified SLN of paclitaxel for overcoming p-glycoprotein function in multidrug-resistant breast cancer cells
Authors: Baek Jong-Suep , Cho Cheong-Weon 
Published: August 2012

Abstract

Objectives
This study aimed to evaluate the potential of solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) of paclitaxel (PTX) modified with a 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin system to enhance cellular accumulation of PTX into p-glycoprotein (p-gp)-expressing cells.

Methods
The PTX-loaded-SLNs consisted of lipid (stearic acid) and surfactants (lecithin and poloxamer 188) and were then modified with 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin by a sonication method.

Key findings
In terms of cytotoxicity, PTX-loaded SLNs modified with 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin showed higher cytotoxicity than other formulations. In particular, the cellular uptake of PTX from PTX-loaded SLNs modified with 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin was about 5.8- and 1.5-fold higher than that from PTX solution and unmodified PTX-loaded SLNs in MCF-7/ADR cells, respectively. After a 4-h incubation, clear fluorescence images inside cells were observed over time. When PTX-loaded SLNs modified with 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin were incubated with MCF-7/ADR cells for 4 h, cellular uptake of PTX increased 1.7-fold versus that of PTX in the presence of verapamil.

Conclusions
These results suggest that optimized SLNs modified with 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin may have potential as an oral drug delivery system for PTX.
A phantom for testing of 4D‐CT for radiotherapy of small lesions
Authors: Dunn L. , Kron T. , Taylor M. L. , Callahan J. , Franich R. D. 
Published: August 2012

Purpose:The use of time‐resolved four‐dimensional computed tomography (4D‐CT) in radiotherapy requires strict quality assurance to ensure the accuracy of motion management protocols. The aim of this work was to design and test a phantom capable of large amplitude motion for use in 4D‐CT, with particular interest in small lesions typical for stereotactic body radiotherapy.Methods:The phantom of “see‐saw” design is light weight, capable of including various sample materials and compatible with several surrogate marker signal acquisition systems. It is constructed of polymethylmethacrylate (Perspex) and its movement is controlled via a dc motor and drive wheel. It was tested using two CT scanners with different 4D acquisition methods: the Philips Brilliance Big Bore CT (helical scan, pressure belt) and a General Electric Discovery STE PET/CT (axial scan, infrared marker). Amplitudes ranging from 1.5 to 6.0 cm and frequencies of up to 40 cycles per minute were used to study the effect of motion on image quality. Maximum intensity projections (MIPs), as well as average intensity projections (AIPs) of moving objects were investigated and their quality dependence on the number of phase reconstruction bins assessed.Results:CT number discrepancies between moving and stationary objects were found to have no systematic dependence on amplitude, frequency, or specific interphase variability. MIP‐delineated amplitudes of motion were found to match physical phantom amplitudes to within 2 mm for all motion scenarios tested. Objects undergoing large amplitude motions (>3.0 cm) were shown to cause artefacts in MIP and AIP projections when ten phase bins were assigned. This problem can be mitigated by increasing the number of phase bins in a 4D‐CT scan.Conclusions:The phantom was found to be a suitable tool for evaluating the image quality of 4D‐CT motion management technology, as well as providing a quality assurance tool for intercenter/intervendor testing of commercial 4D‐CT systems. When imaging objects with large amplitudes, the completeness criterion described here indicates the number of phase bins required to prevent missing data in MIPs and AIPs. This is most relevant for small lesions undergoing large motions.
Abstract 1113: Role of the microRNA-23∼27∼24 clusters in osteosarcoma
Authors: Francis Princy , Moon So Young , Bilke Sven , Zhu Yuelin J. , Walker Robert L. , Pineda Marbin , Li Xiao Ling , Abaan Ogan , Knight Jeffrey , Davis Sean , Turner Jaleisa , Wang Hui , Bruhn Laurakay , Lal Ashish , Meltzer Paul S. 
Published: August 2012

Abstract
Osteosarcomas are rare but aggressive tumors that predominantly affect adolescents. These neoplasms of mesenchymal origin are biologically heterogeneous and produce immature osteoid or bone. The pathogenesis of osteosarcomas is poorly understood although defective osteogenic differentiation seems to play a key role. In order to elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms, 16 osteosarcoma cell lines, 2 osteoblast cell lines and 45 osteosarcoma tumors were studied using a combination of high-throughput techniques such as microRNA (miRNA) and gene expression profiling, miRNA sequencing and array comparative genomic hybridization. Overexpression of the miRNA clusters miR-23a∼27a∼24-2 (19p13.13) and miR-23b∼27b∼24-1 (9q22.32) was identified in a subset of the osteosarcoma tumors and cell lines. Furthermore, quantitative RT-PCR revealed that the miR-23a and miR-23b clusters were downregulated during osteoblast differentiation of the osteosarcoma cell line HOS and overexpression of these miRNAs (by transient transfection of miRNA mimics) delayed osteoblast differentiation and matrix mineralization evaluated by alkaline phosphatase and Alizarin Red staining. Target gene identification experiments were then performed for each of the members of the miR-23a and miR-23b clusters. Gain of function (using miRNA mimics for exogenous expression) and loss of function (using antisense miRNAs to inhibit endogenous expression) experiments followed by downstream gene expression analysis identified several putative targets in osteosarcoma cell lines HOS and HuO3N1. The gene lists were highly enriched in targets (including differentiation genes) identified by TargetScan and other target prediction software. These results suggest that deregulation of the miR-23∼27∼24 clusters may play a role in defective osteogenic differentiation and osteosarcoma.
Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1113. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-1113
Abstract 1116: Evaluation of mitochondrial DNA G10398A polymorphism in Iranian breast cancer patients
Authors: Ghaffarpour Massoud , Hosseini Zahra Mostakhdemin , Kamali Fatemeh , Fereidooni Forouzandeh , Moazami Nasrin , Houshmand Massoud 
Published: August 2012

Abstract
Introduction: The role of mtDNA alteration is already recognized as being in carcinogenesis, tumor progression and prognosis in all type of cancers. mtDNA alteration in complex I have been reported in different cancers. An A to G polymorphism at nucleotide position 10398 caused a nonconservative amino acid substitution from threonine to alanine within the NADH dehydrogenase (ND3) subunit of Complex I. The mitochondrial DNA 10398 polymorphism G10398A within ND3 subunit of Complex I has been suggested to alter the mitochondrial subunit of electron transfer chain and has been associated with several neurodegenerative disorders and cancers. It has been also shown that mtDNA alteration G10398A within ND3 subunit of Complex I in breast cancer patients correlated with increased breast cancer risks in the Indian and African-American populations however, the 10398A allele was not increase breast cancer risk for Caucasian women. Interestingly, G10398A in Chinese population were shown correlated with breast cancer metastasis. The aim of this study was on the association of mtDNA G10398 A polymorphism in Iranian breast cancer patients. Materials and Methods: Patients and tissue specimens: 27 paired Fresh tumor and adjacent normal samples were obtained from consecutive patients with BC (age range, 33-74years; with median age of 49.16 years) who underwent surgery for a partial and or whole mama mastroctomy between October 2007 and Nov 2009 from IRANIAN National Tumor Bank, National Cancer Institute, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complexes, Medical Tehran University, Tehran, Iran. Histopathological examinations were performed by two expert's pathologists. Mutational analysis of mtDNA G10398A in tumor samples: fresh tumors and their adjacent were extracted for genomic DNA using the QIAamp Mini Kit (Qiagen in accordance with the manufactures instructions. We searched for 10398 Polymorphism in within ND3 subunit of Complex I by means of PCR sequencing. Result and conclusion:patient had histopathological grade I, II, and III with 66.6%, 25.9% and 7.4% respectively. The frequency of mtDNA G10398A polymorphism 44.440%(12 of 27).The Iranian women with G10398A variant showed a significantly increased risk of breast cancer (p&lt; 0.05). Derived from these findings, mtDNA G10398A polymorphism may be a potential risk marker of breast cancerk in Iranian population.
Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1116. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-1116