bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
StMAPK10 gene functional identification and analysis in drought resistance of potato crop (Solanum tuberosum L.)
Authors: Majeed Yasir , Zhang Ning , Zhu Xi , Liu Shengyan , Si Huaijun 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAll over the world, potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) production is constrained by several biotic and abiotic factors. Many techniques and mechanisms have been used to overcome these hurdles and increase food for the rising population. In crop plants, the mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade, a significant regulator of the MAPK pathway under various biotic and abiotic stress conditions, is one of the targets to increase productivity. MAPK plays a significant role under drought stress in potato. However, the function of MAPK in drought resistance in potato is poorly understood. In this study, we wanted to identify the function of StMAPK10 in the drought resistance in potato. StMAPK10 was up‐regulated under drought conditions and dynamically modulated by abiotic stresses. Over‐expression and down‐regulation of StMAPK10 revealed that StMAPK10 stimulated potato growth under drought conditions, as demonstrated by changes in SOD, CAT, and POD activity, as well as H2O2, proline, and MDA content. StMAPK10 up‐regulation exaggerated the drought resistance of the potato plant by uplifting antioxidant activities and photosynthetic indices. Overexpressed‐StMAPK10 potato lines showed highly significant results for physiological and photosynthetic indices in response to drought stress, while knockdown expression showed opposite outcomes. Additionally, subcellular localization and phenotypic analysis of transgenic and non‐transgenic plants substantiated the role of the increased expression of StMAPK10 against drought stress. The results could provide novel insights into the functionality of StMAPK10 in drought responses and conceivable mechanisms.
Association of preoperative neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio with the risk of postoperative delirium in elderly patients undergoing noncardiac surgery: a systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Zhou Bo , Yu Dong Dong , Xu Xin , Wang Jing , Li Jianli 
Published: May 2024

AbstractTo assess the correlation between preoperative neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and risk of postoperative delirium (POD) in older patients undergoing noncardiac surgery. PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Scopus were systematically retrieved from inception until February 2023. Two authors independently conducted the selection of literature, data extraction and statistical analysis. In this meta‐analysis, Review Manager 5.4 was used for statistical analysis, and the mean difference (MD) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of preoperative NLR between the POD group and non‐POD group were calculated. We utilised the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale (NOS) to evaluate the quality of literature. Further, our meta‐analysis used a random‐effects model, and publication bias was evaluated by conducting a funnel plot. The correlation between preoperative NLR and POD was the primary outcome, and the secondary outcome was the association of other prognostic factors with the risk of POD. This meta‐analysis included seven studies with 2424 patients, of whom 403 were diagnosed with POD with an incidence of 16.63%. Results indicated a positive correlation between preoperative NLR and the risk of POD (MD = 1.06, 95% CI: 0.64–1.49; P < 0.001). Further, our results found that neutrophil counts, advanced age, longer surgery time, diabetes, and elevated C‐reactive protein were significantly associated with POD (MD = 0.98, 95% CI: 0.40–1.56; P = 0.001; MD = 4.20, 95% CI: 2.90–5.51; P < 0.001; MD = 0.15, 95% CI: 0.05–0.25; P < 0.01; OR = 1.42, 95% CI: 1.08–1.86; P = 0.01; MD = 1.26, 95% CI: 0.36–2.16; P < 0.01). Other factors including lymphocyte counts, hypertension and male gender were not significantly associated with POD (MD = −0.11, 95% CI: −0.27 to 0.05; P > 0.05; OR = 1.20, 95% CI: 0.91–1.58, P > 0.05; OR = 1.28, 95% CI: 1.00–1.63; P = 0.05). Our meta‐analysis indicated a positive correlation between preoperative NLR and the risk of POD in older noncardiac surgery patients.
Determinants of radiation exposure during mobile cone‐beam CT‐guided robotic‐assisted bronchoscopy
Authors: Kalchiem‐Dekel Or , Bergemann Reza , Ma Xiaoyue , Christos Paul J. , Miodownik Daniel , Gao Yiming , Mahmood Usman , Adusumilli Prasad S. , Bott Matthew J. , Dycoco Joseph , Gelblum Daphna Y. , Lee Robert P. , Park Bernard J. , Rocco Gaetano , Solomon Stephen B. , Jones David R. , Chawla Mohit , Husta Bryan C. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackground and ObjectiveRobotic‐assisted bronchoscopy (RAB) is an emerging modality to sample pulmonary lesions. Cone‐beam computed tomography (CBCT) can be incorporated into RAB. We investigated the magnitude and predictors of patient and staff radiation exposure during mobile CBCT‐guided shape‐sensing RAB.MethodsPatient radiation dose was estimated by cumulative dose area product (cDAP) and cumulative reference air kerma (cRAK). Staff equivalent dose was calculated based on isokerma maps and a phantom simulation. Patient, lesion and procedure‐related factors associated with higher radiation doses were identified by logistic regression models.ResultsA total of 198 RAB cases were included in the analysis. The median patient cDAP and cRAK were 10.86 Gy cm2 (IQR: 4.62–20.84) and 76.20 mGy (IQR: 38.96–148.38), respectively. Among staff members, the bronchoscopist was exposed to the highest median equivalent dose of 1.48 μSv (IQR: 0.85–2.69). Both patient and staff radiation doses increased with the number of CBCT spins and targeted lesions (p < 0.001 for all comparisons). Patient obesity, negative bronchus sign, lesion size <2.0 cm and inadequate sampling by on‐site evaluation were associated with a higher patient dose, while patient obesity and inadequate sampling by on‐site evaluation were associated with a higher bronchoscopist equivalent dose.ConclusionThe magnitude of patient and staff radiation exposure during CBCT‐RAB is aligned with safety thresholds recommended by regulatory authorities. Factors associated with a higher radiation exposure during CBCT‐RAB can be identified pre‐operatively and solicit procedural optimization by reinforcing radiation protective measures. Future studies are needed to confirm these findings across multiple institutions and practices.image
Webster's anti‐antimasque in The Duchess of Malfi
Authors: Lonsberry Gabriel 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe masque of madmen in John Webster's The Duchess of Malfi probably originated as an antimasque in Thomas Campion's The Lords' Masque, staged at court in February 1613 to celebrate the wedding of Princess Elizabeth Stuart. In recent years, Elizabeth's brother, Henry, had used masques and other forms of courtly display to make himself the face of a dissenting militant Protestant movement in England. And, following his death in November 1612, devastated supporters like Webster transferred their hopes to Elizabeth, whose marriage to a Protestant prince seemed to preserve the possibilities of reform at home and religious intervention abroad. However, the pacifist King James commissioned The Lords' Masque to extinguish such hopes, defining the marriage's significance as conciliatory rather than confessional and reestablishing his sole authority over the court stage Henry had tried to usurp. Thus, Webster's use of Campion's antimasque is deeply ironic, allowing him to criticize the King's suppression and censorship of his son's cause, and to lament both the bastardization of Henry's memory and the uncertain future of the movement he had represented. Moreover, reading the masque of madmen alongside Webster's elegy for the Prince, A Monumental Column, highlights Webster's deepening pessimism across this period.
The relationship between freight train length and the risk of derailment
Authors: Madsen Peter M. , Dillon Robin L. , Triantis Konstantinos P. , Bradley Joseph A. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIn recent years, longer and heavier trains have become more common, primarily driven by efficiency and cost‐saving measures in the railroad industry. Regulation of train length is currently under consideration in the United States at both the federal and state levels, because of concerns that longer trains may have a higher risk of derailment, but the relationship between train length and risk of derailment is not yet well understood. In this study, we use data on freight train accidents during the 2013–2022 period from the Federal Railroad Administration (FRA) Rail Equipment Accident and Highway‐Rail Grade Crossing Accident databases to estimate the relationship between freight train length and the risk of derailment. We determine that longer trains do have a greater risk of derailment. Based on our analysis, running 100‐car trains is associated with 1.11 (95% confidence interval: 1.10–1.12) times the derailment odds of running 50‐car trains (or a 11% increase), even accounting for the fact that only half as many 100‐car trains would need to run. For 200‐car trains, the odds increase by 24% (odds ratio 1.24, 95% confidence interval: 1.20–1.28), again accounting for the need for fewer trains. Understanding derailment risk is an important component for evaluating the overall safety of the rail system and for the future development and regulation of freight rail transportation. Given the limitations of the current data on freight train length, this study provides an important step toward such an understanding.
Reputation management in turmoil—An analysis of the clashing narratives in the introduction of a “salmon tax” in Norway
Authors: Christensen Tom , Lægreid Per 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis study deals with reputation management, addressing collective issues, strategic communication by the government, and the dynamics between this communication and counter‐symbols from societal stakeholders. Empirically, it examines the political debates in Norway in recent years regarding the conflict over establishing a “ground rent” tax on extra profit earned through use of natural resources belonging to the community, related to salmon farming. The overall research question is how major concepts from reputation theory can explain the process and outcome of the decision‐making process. A main finding is that reputation varies across reputational dimensions and actors, and between government and audiences. Another is that it is necessary to examine reputation in relation to the field, the actors, and the task environment it concerns. The study also shows that reputation management is informed by the politics of reputation, revealing the challenge of balancing evidence‐based policy making and being responsive to opinion‐based stakeholder input, and that reputational threats and strategic communication are interlinked.
Oral health status among the transgender population of India: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Mehta Vini , Negi Sapna , Mathur Ankita , Tripathy Snehasish , Oberoi Simmi , Shamim Muhammad Aaqib , Karobari Isaqali 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe invisibility of the transgender population within official records, combined with other socio‐economic factors, impacts oral health status among transgender people. Hence, our systematic review and meta‐analysis aim to generate a pooled estimate of the oral health status of the transgender community in India.Material and methodsA systematic search was performed across four databases. The studies included a quantitative research design conducted in India and involved self‐identified transgender individuals. The pooled prevalence was determined at a 95% confidence interval (CI). Q‐statistics and the I2 test were utilized to evaluate the source of heterogeneity. Leave‐one‐out analysis and Baujat plots were used to detect outliers within the studies. A Doi plot and LFK index were employed to assess the publication bias.ResultsA total of 12 studies comprising 1566 transgender participants were included. The pooled prevalence of toothbrush use among transgenders in India was found at 83% (95% CI: 0.73–0.91), smoking = 12% (CI: 0.03–0.26), smokeless tobacco = 53% (CI = 0.38–0.68), dental caries = 78% (CI: 67%–88%), calculus = 65% (CI: 0.4–0.86), and bleeding 18% (CI:0.08–0.32).ConclusionOral health disparities among Indian transgender individuals are evident in the low toothbrush usage, an elevated prevalence of tobacco use, and dental disorders such as calculus, cavities, and bleeding. Tailored dental health programs that include inclusive healthcare services and awareness are essential.Prospero registrationCRD42023468872
Logical exceptionalism: Development and predicaments
Authors: Chen Bo 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis paper examines the conceptions of logic from Leibniz, Hume, Kant, Frege, Wittgenstein and Ayer, and regards the six philosophers as the representatives of logical exceptionalism. From their standpoints, this paper refines the tenets of logical exceptionalism as follows: logic is exceptional to all other sciences because of four reasons: (i) logic is formal, neutral to any domain and any entities, and general; (ii) logical truths are made true by the meanings of logical constants they contain or by logicians' rational insight to consequence relations; (iii) logical truths are analytical, a prior and necessary, so not‐revisable; and (iv) logical laws are normative for how to correctly think. However, logical exceptionalism has encountered difficult open problems: What are logical constants? How to justify basic laws of logic? How are logical laws accessible to us? How to explain the reasonability of rival logics and select from them? How to explain the universal applicability of logical laws? How to explain the normativity of logical laws for correct thinking? This paper concludes that logical anti‐exceptionalism is more hopeful to successfully answer these questions than logical exceptionalism.
Antiviral therapies for the management of persistent coronavirus disease 2019 in immunocompromised hosts: A narrative review
Authors: Kinsella Paul M. , Moso Michael A. , Morrissey Catherine Orla , Dendle Claire , Guy Stephen , Bond Katherine , Sasadeusz Joseph , Slavin Monica A. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAntiviral agents with activity against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) have played a critical role in disease management; however, little is known regarding the efficacy of these medications in the treatment of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection in immunocompromised patients, particularly in the management of persistent SARS‐CoV‐2 positivity.This narrative review discusses the management of persistent coronavirus disease 2019 in immunocompromised hosts, with a focus on antiviral therapies. We identified 84 cases from the literature describing a variety of approaches, including prolonged antiviral therapy (n= 11), combination antivirals (n= 13), and mixed therapy with antiviral and antibody treatments (n= 60). A high proportion had an underlying haematologic malignancy (n= 67, 80%), and were in receipt of anti‐CD20 agents (n= 51, 60%). Success was reported in 70 cases (83%) which varied according to the therapy type. Combination therapies with antivirals may be an effective approach for individuals with persistent SARS‐CoV‐2 positivity, particularly those that incorporate treatments aimed at increasing neutralizing antibody levels. Any novel approaches taken to this difficult management dilemma should be mindful of the emergence of antiviral resistance.
Accuracy of RHC/c genotyping in Chinese Han population
Authors: Zhou Shihang , Liu Ming , Shao Linnan , Song Wenqian , Wang Liying , Fan Yaxin 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesThe RHCE gene plays an important role in the complex and polymorphic Rh blood group system. RHCE genotyping holds significant clinical and transfusion‐related implications. The objective of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of RHC/c genotyping in the Chinese Han population.Materials and MethodsBlood samples were obtained from 653 Chinese Han blood donors. The serological RhD and RhCcEe types were determined using monoclonal antibodies. Subsequently, multiplex real‐time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis was performed for RHC and RHc genotyping. Additionally, exon 2 of RHCE and exon 1 of RHD were sequenced.ResultsThe analysis in this study found 443 RhD‐positive donors and 210 RhD‐negative donors. Among the 653 total donors, discrepancies between the RHC genotyping results and the serological results were found in 37 individuals. Specifically, 6 false‐positive RhC results in RhD‐positive donors and 28 false‐positive RhC results in RhD‐negative donors were identified based on c.48C in RHCE exon 1. Additionally, 3 false‐negative RhC results were observed in the RhD‐positive donors due to a 109 bp insertion in RHCE intron 2. RHc typing demonstrated complete consistency between the real‐time PCR and the serological results.ConclusionIn the Chinese Han population, RHC genotyping was reliable when consistent results were achieved by both c.48C‐based and 109 bp insertion‐based genotyping. Moreover, RHc genotyping based on c.203A and c.307C polymorphic loci demonstrated dependable performance.
Clinicopathologic findings of splenic marginal zone lymphoma with gallbladder involvement that progressed to diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma in a dog
Authors: Akiyoshi Makoto , Hisasue Masaharu , Goto‐Koshino Yuko , Asakawa Midori Goto , Neo Sakurako , Akiyoshi Masami , Tomiyasu Hirotaka 
Published: May 2024

AbstractA 12‐year‐old spayed female Dalmatian presented with acute vomiting and anorexia. The clinicopathological and imaging abnormalities included icterus, biliary obstruction, and multiple diffuse splenic hypoechogenic nodules. Cholecystectomy was performed to remove the obstruction, followed by liver biopsy and splenectomy. Histopathological and immunohistology evaluation of the spleen, liver, and gallbladder revealed splenic marginal zone lymphoma (MZL) with gallbladder and hepatic infiltration of neoplastic CD20/CD79α‐positive cells. Moreover, we observed clonal rearrangements of the immunoglobulin heavy‐chain (IgH) gene in all three tissues. The dog was in good condition without chemotherapy. However, there was progressive elevation of liver enzymes, which could be attributed to neoplastic hepatic infiltration. Chlorambucil and prednisolone were administered until day 108, when the liver enzyme levels normalized. On day 156, the dog developed diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma (DLBCL) of the peripheral lymph nodes. Sequence analysis of the clonally rearranged IgH gene revealed that all neoplastic cells in the spleen, gallbladder, and liver at initial presentation, as well as lymph nodes on day 156, possessed the same sequence identity of the amplified IgH fragments. This demonstrated that all neoplastic cells were derived from the same B‐lymphocyte clone. The DLBCL was considered to have transformed from the splenic MZL, with gallbladder involvement. In cases of splenic MZL, it is important to consider gallbladder involvement and transformation to DLBCL. Moreover, gallbladder lymphoma should be included in the differential diagnosis of dogs with gallbladder abnormalities. Further studies are warranted to investigate the prognosis of splenic MZL.
Outcome of tenoscopically guided palmar/plantar annular ligament desmotomy for the treatment of palmar/plantar annular ligament constriction without concurrent intrathecal soft‐tissue injury in a UK horse population
Authors: Wood Andrew Douglas , Parker Russell Alexander , Marcatili Marco , Anderson Jonathan , Robinson Natalie , Stack John David 
Published: May 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo determine the outcome of tenoscopically guided palmar/plantar annular ligament (PAL) desmotomy to treat PAL constriction without concurrent intrathecal soft‐tissue injury, notably of the digital flexor tendons and manica flexoria.Study designRetrospective multicenter cohort study.AnimalsSixty‐five horses.MethodsHorses from four UK equine hospitals, with digital flexor tendon sheath (DFTS) tenosynovitis, which underwent tenoscopically guided PAL desmotomy for treatment of PAL constriction between 2017 and 2022 were included. All horses had lameness isolated to the DFTS/PAL, and PAL constriction was diagnosed tenoscopically when there was difficulty maneuvering the endoscope into or through the fetlock canal. Horses with tearing of the digital flexor tendons and/or manica flexoria, or any other intrathecal pathology, were excluded. Follow up was via structured telephone questionnaire.ResultsFollow up (median 25 months) was available for 61 horses with cobs and ponies predominating. Forty‐two returned to their previous level of work, or a higher level, postoperatively and 50 owners were satisfied with the outcome of surgery. Eleven horses returned to lower level exercise, and six were retired/euthanized as they did not regain soundness. Fifty‐two horses achieved soundness (median 3 months postoperatively).ConclusionTenoscopically guided PAL desmotomy for the treatment of PAL constriction in the absence of intrathecal soft tissue injury had a good prognosis for return to previous levels of exercise in a UK horse population.Clinical significanceThe prognosis for horses undergoing tenoscopically guided PAL desmotomy to treat PAL constriction in the absence of intrathecal injury is better than previously described. Cobs and ponies seem to be predisposed to PAL constriction in agreement with the previous literature.
Quadratic forms and Genus Theory: A link with 2‐descent and an application to nontrivial specializations of ideal classes
Authors: Dallaporta William 
Published: May 2024

AbstractGenus Theory is a classical feature of integral binary quadratic forms. Using the author's generalization of the well‐known correspondence between quadratic form classes and ideal classes of quadratic algebras, we extend it to the case when quadratic forms are twisted and have coefficients in any principal ideal domain (PID) . When , we show that the Genus Theory map is the quadratic form version of the 2‐descent map on a certain hyperelliptic curve. As an application, we make a contribution to a question of Agboola and Pappas regarding a specialization problem of divisor classes on hyperelliptic curves. Under suitable assumptions, we prove that the set of nontrivial specializations has density 1.
Shape Programming of Porous Bilayer Hydrogel Structures
Authors: Wan Huanhuan , Chang Jiaying , Ye Fuhua , Fan Zhichao 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Shape-programmable materials have garnered significant attention for their ability to morph into complex three-dimensional (3D) configurations under external stimuli, with critical applications in the fields of biomedical engineering, soft robotics, and sensing technologies. A current challenge lies in determining the geometric parameters of the initial two-dimensional (2D) structure and the intensity of the external stimulus required to achieve a target 3D shape. In this work, we introduce a novel inverse design strategy based on hole-pattern engineering. Utilizing a temperature-sensitive bilayer hydrogel with differing coefficients of thermal expansion in each layer, we achieve controlled bending deformations by varying the porosity distribution in one of the layers. Drawing on the Timoshenko theory on bimetallic beam, we establish a quantitative relationship between the relative density and curvature, allowing for the hole distribution of the initial structure to be tailored to the desired curvature. We demonstrate the efficacy of our inverse design approach with several prototypical 3D structures, including variable-curvature strip and ellipsoidal surface, validated through finite element simulations and experimental trials. This strategy paves the way for advanced fabrication techniques in developing smart materials and devices with programmable shapes.