bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Electromagnetism as a means for understanding materials mechanics phenomena in magnetic materials
Authors: Boller C. , Altpeter I. , Dobmann G. , Rabung M. , Schreiber J. , Szielasko K. , Tschuncky R. 
Published: April 2011

AbstractElectromagnetic properties are an interesting means for monitoring a variety of materials' mechanical properties in ferro‐ and paramagnetic materials non‐destructively. Those properties include uni‐ und multi‐axial stress states as well as plasticity and fatigue damage and can be measured at macro‐ as well as at microscopic scales, depending on what measurement equipment will be used. The article describes the general electromagnetic phenomena to be considered as well as the equipment to be used before presenting a variety of different experimental results from which the materials mechanical properties mentioned above can be directly derived being an ideal means for monitoring the health of any magnetic metallic structure.
Clinical and molecular characterization of limb‐girdle muscular dystrophy due to LAMA2 mutations
Authors: Gavassini Bruno F. , Carboni Nicola , Nielsen Jørgen E. , Danielsen Else R. , Thomsen Carsten , Svenstrup Kirsten , Bello Luca , Maioli Maria Antonietta , Marrosu Giovanni , Ticca Anna Filomena , Mura Marco , Marrosu Maria Giovanna , Soraru Gianni , Angelini Corrado , Vissing John , Pegoraro Elena 
Published: April 2011

AbstractIntroduction:In this study we describe the clinical and molecular characteristics of limb‐girdle muscular dystrophy (LGMD) due to LAMA2 mutations.Methods:Five patients clinically diagnosed with LGMD and showing brain white matter hyperintensities on MRI were evaluated using laminin α2 genetic and protein testing.Results:The patients had slowly progressive, mild muscular dystrophy with various degrees of CNS involvement. Epilepsy was observed in 2, and subtle symptoms of CNS involvement (mild deficit in executive functions and low IQ scores) were noted in 3 patients. Novel LAMA2 mutations were identified in all patients. The amount of laminin α2 protein in the muscle biopsies ranged from trace to about 50% compared with controls.Conclusions:This study represents the largest series of LGMD laminin α2–deficient patients and expands the clinical phenotype associated with LAMA2 mutations. The findings suggest that brain MRI could be included in the diagnostic work‐up of patients with undiagnosed LGMD. Muscle Nerve, 2011
Exercise training improves the soleus muscle morphology in experimental diabetic nerve regeneration
Authors: Malysz Tais , Ilha Jocemar , Severo do Nascimento Patrícia , Faccioni‐Heuser Maria Cristina , De Angelis Kátia , D'agord Schaan Beatriz , Achaval Matilde 
Published: April 2011

AbstractIntroduction:In this study we evaluate the effects of exercise training (10 weeks) on soleus muscle morphology in diabetic nerve regeneration after injury by sciatic nerve crush.Methods:Wistar rats were assigned to either a non‐diabetic (n = 6), non‐diabetic injured (n = 6), diabetic (n = 6), diabetic injured (DC; n = 9), or trained diabetic injured group (TDC; n = 7). Muscle transverse sections were used for morphometric and ultrastructural analyses.Results:Higher fiber density and smaller average myofiber area were observed in the DC and TDC (P < 0.05) groups compared with the other groups. This atrophic pattern was partially reversed in TDC. There was misalignment of the sarcomeres and structural alterations in the blood vessels, sarcolemma, nucleus, and mitochondria in the DC animals. The myofibers and blood vessels had a similar normal appearance in the TDC group. In addition, polyribosomes, rough sarcoplasmic reticulum, developed Golgi apparatus, and new myofibrils were observed.Conclusions:Sciatic nerve injury was found to promote soleus muscle atrophy and ultrastructural alterations in experimental diabetic nerve regeneration, which were partially reversed by exercise training. Muscle Nerve, 2011
Safety and efficacy of tandem 131I‐metaiodobenzylguanidine infusions in relapsed/refractory neuroblastoma
Authors: Johnson Kelsey , McGlynn Barbara , Saggio Jennifer , Baniewicz Diane , Zhuang Hongming , Maris John M. , Mosse Yael P. 
Published: April 2011

AbstractBackgroundTargeted radiotherapy with 131I‐Metaiodobenzylguanidine (131I‐MIBG) is safe and effective therapy for patients with relapsed neuroblastoma, but anti‐tumor activity is sometimes transient. The goal of this study was to determine the safety and efficacy of early (<100 days) second 131I‐MIBG treatment following an effective initial treatment.ProceduresAfter an initial infusion of 18 mCi/kg 131I‐MIBG, patients with tumor response or stable disease (SD), and available hematopoietic stem cell product, were eligible for additional 131I‐MIBG therapy. Residual thrombocytopenia did not preclude patients from receiving additional treatment. Subsequent treatment was administered a minimum of 6 weeks and maximum 100 days from initial infusion, and subjects could receive subsequent therapy if the same criteria were met.ResultsSeventy‐six heavily pretreated patients (median 4 prior chemotherapy regimens, range 1–8) with relapsed neuroblastoma were treated with 131I‐MIBG. Response rate to the first infusion was 30%, with 49% showing SD. Response rate among the 41 patients receiving a subsequent second infusion was 29%. After two treatments, 39% of patients experienced a reduction in overall disease burden. Four of five complete responses (CRs) to the initial infusion were maintained, despite all five having disease readily apparent on immediate post‐second treatment 131I‐MIBG scanning. Hematologic toxicity was managed with early PBSC support after the second therapy (median: 15 days).ConclusionsEarly second 131I‐MIBG safely reduces disease burden in patients with relapsed neuroblastoma. Patients with CR by conventional 123I‐MIBG scintigraphy may have substantial disease burden apparent on high‐dose 131I‐MIBG scintigraphy, supporting consolidation with subsequent 131I‐MIBG therapy in cases of apparent complete remission. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2011; 57: 1124–1129. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Sparing strategy does not compromise prognosis in pediatric localized synovial sarcoma: Experience of the International Society of pediatric oncology, malignant mesenchymal tumors (SIOP‐MMT) Working Group
Authors: Orbach Daniel , Dowell Heather Mc , Rey Annie , Bouvet Nathalie , Kelsey Anna , Stevens Mike C 
Published: April 2011

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of this analysis was to identify if the modified indications of radiotherapy (RT) or radical surgery compromised survival in pediatric synovial sarcoma (SS).ProcedureChildren with non‐metastatic SS, prospectively enrolled in three trials, were analyzed. After primary surgery or biopsy, they received chemotherapy. RT was planned after chemotherapy in patients who had not achieved a complete response (CR). The considered outcome was 5‐year overall survival (OS) and event‐free survival (EFS).ResultsEighty‐eight patients were identified. Primary tumors were mainly located in limbs (66%). The first‐line therapy for 65 patients was primary resection. Of the 49 patients who had gross tumor resection, 43 received adjuvant chemotherapy, and 8 had RT. All of the 39 patients with macroscopic residual disease received chemotherapy, then only surgery (n = 12) ± RT (n = 22). The 5‐year EFS and OS rates were 68% and 85%, respectively. The TNM stage was a prognostic factor for relapse, whereas primary site of the tumor and TNM stage were prognostic factors for death.ConclusionsOnly 32% of survivors received RT. OS was similar to published data. Omission of RT may be considered in younger children, to limit the potential sequelae in patients with tumors less than 5 cm in size initially submitted to marginal resection. This strategy may also be considered in initially unresected cases, when the tumor is resected at delayed surgery with microscopically free margins, and in patients in complete remission after primary chemotherapy. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2011; 57: 1130–1136. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Outpatient follow‐up and rehospitalizations for sickle cell disease patients
Authors: Leschke John , Panepinto Julie A. , Nimmer Mark , Hoffmann Raymond G. , Yan Ke , Brousseau David C. 
Published: April 2011

AbstractBackgroundRehospitalization rates are increasingly used as quality indicators for a variety of illnesses, including sickle cell disease. While one small, single center study suggested outpatient follow‐up with a pediatric hematologist was associated with fewer rehospitalizations, no study has examined the effect of post‐discharge outpatient follow‐up on rehospitalization rates across ages and beyond a single site.ProcedureThis is a retrospective cohort study using Wisconsin Medicaid claims data for hospitalized children and adults with sickle cell disease from 2003 to 2007. The primary outcomes were rehospitalization at both 14 and 30 days after an index hospitalization for sickle cell pain crisis (ICD‐9‐CM codes 28242, 28262, 28264, 28269). Univariate survival analyses were performed based on outpatient visit, severe disease, asthma, and age. The Cox proportional hazards model was used for multivariate analyses yielding hazard ratios for the association between outpatient visits and subsequent rehospitalization rates.ResultsOf the 408 patients included, 42 (10.2%) patients were rehospitalized within 14 days and 70 (17.1%) were rehospitalized within 30 days. Multivariate analysis showed that an outpatient visit is associated with lower rates of both 30‐day rehospitalization (Hazard Ratio (HR) 0.442; 95%CI: 0.330–0.593) and 14‐day rehospitalization (HR 0.226; 95%CI: 0.124–0.412), with the majority of 30‐day rehospitalizations occurring within 14 days.ConclusionsFor sickle cell disease, post‐discharge planning should emphasize early follow‐up to prevent subsequent hospitalization and improve care quality. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2012; 58: 406–409. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Quantitative description of interfacial strength in polypropylene/inorganic particle composites
Authors: Liang Ji‐Zhao 
Published: April 2011

AbstractThe parameters characterizing the interfacial adhesion strength, such as interaction parameter (B) and interfacial adhesion angle (θ), of inorganic particulate‐filled polymer composites were analyzed in this paper. On the basis of the previous studies and the research work reported in literature, several expressions for predicting these parameters and the determination methods of these parameters were proposed, and the relationship between the interaction parameter and interfacial adhesion angle was discussed. Then the parameters B and θ were estimated from the experimental measured tensile strength of the several inorganic particulate‐filled polypropylene (PP) composites including nanometer calcium carbonate, glass bead and diatomite particles. The results showed that the value of θ was about from 44 to 75 degrees while the value of B was varying from 1.12 to 2.42 of these filled systems under the experimental conditions. Moreover, the value of B decreased roughly linearly with increasing θ for these particulate‐filled PP composites.POLYM. COMPOS., 2011. © 2011 Society of Plastics Engineers
Simultaneous Analysis of Multiple Endogenous Plant Hormones in Leaf Tissue of Oilseed Rape by Solid‐phase Extraction Coupled with High‐performance Liquid Chromatography–Electrospray Ionisation Tandem Mass Spectrometry
Authors: Li Yan‐hua , Wei Fang , Dong Xu‐yan , Peng Jin‐hua , Liu Sheng‐yi , Chen Hong 
Published: April 2011

ABSTRACTIntroductionPlant hormones are important signalling molecules that act at lower concentrations to regulate numerous plant physiological and developmental processes. In order to study the functions of plant hormones, it is necessary to develop a high‐throughput and highly selective and sensitive method for determination of plant hormones.ObjectiveBased on SPE‐HPLC‐ESI‐MS/MS method, a highly selective and sensitive method for determination of six plant hormones in leaf tissue of oilseed rape was developed.MethodologyThe extraction was performed with C18 solid‐phase extraction cartridge and the sample was subsequently analysed by HPLC‐ESI‐MS/MS. Methanol and H2O with 0.05% formic acid was selected as the mobile phase for HPLC, using a gradient of increasing methanol content. The plant hormones were quantified in MRM mode and identified in IDA mode by the hybrid triple quadrupole/linear ion trap mass spectrometer with high sensitivity and selectivity.ResultsUnder the optimal conditions, good linearities were obtained for six plant hormones with the correlation coefficients above 0.9924. The detection limits of the target compounds were in the range of 0.005–0.2 ng/mL. Reproducibility of the method was obtained with intra‐day and inter‐day relative standard deviations. The extraction recovery yields of plant hormones under SPE conditions ranged from 67.03 to 119.83%. Compared with previous methods, sample preparation time and amount of sample required for analysis of plant hormones were reduced, and more classes of hormones were quantitatively measured. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Characterisation of Galloylated Cyanogenic Glucosides and Hydrolysable Tannins from Leaves of Phyllagathis rotundifolia by LC‐ESI‐MS/MS
Authors: Hooi Poay Tan , Sui Kiong Ling , Cheng Hock Chuah 
Published: April 2011

ABSTRACTIntroductionPhyllagathis rotundifolia (Jack) Bl. (Melastomataceae) is a creeping herb found in Peninsular Malaysia and Sumatra. Traditionally, a decoction of the leaves is used in the treatment of malaria, fever and stomach ache.ObjectiveTo provide ESI‐MSn data which are applicable for chemical fingerprinting of P. rotundifolia to obviate laborious isolation and purification steps.MethodologyThe mass spectral data for the compounds isolated from the leaves of P. rotundifolia were obtained by liquid chromatography–electrospray ionisation tandem mass spectrometry.ResultsThe MS fragmentation patterns were obtained for galloylated cyanogenic glucosides based on prunasin (prunasin 6′‐O‐gallate 1, prunasin 2′,6′‐di‐O‐gallate 2, prunasin 3′,6′‐di‐O‐gallate 3, prunasin 4′,6′‐di‐O‐gallate 4, prunasin 2′,3′,6′‐tri‐O‐gallate 5, prunasin 3′,4′,6′‐tri‐O‐gallate 6 and prunasin 2′,3′,4′,6′‐tetra‐O‐gallate 7), gallotannins (6‐O‐galloyl‐d‐glucose 8, 3,6‐di‐O‐galloyl‐d‐glucose 9, 1,2,3‐tri‐O‐galloyl‐β‐d‐glucose 10, 1,4,6‐tri‐O‐galloyl‐β‐d‐glucose 11, 3,4,6‐tri‐O‐galloyl‐d‐glucose 12, 1,2,3,6‐tetra‐O‐galloyl‐β‐d‐glucose 13 and 1,2,3,4,6‐penta‐O‐galloyl‐β‐d‐glucose 14), ellagitannins [6‐O‐galloyl‐2,3‐O‐(S)‐hexahydroxy‐diphenoyl‐d‐glucose 15, praecoxin B 16 and pterocarinin C 17], ellagic acid derivatives (3′‐O‐methyl‐3,4‐methylenedioxyellagic acid 4′‐O‐β‐d‐glucopyranoside 18 and 3,3′,4‐tri‐O‐methylellagic acid 4′‐O‐β‐d‐glucopyranoside 19) and gallic acid 20 that were isolated from the leaves of P. rotundifolia.ConclusionThe ESI‐MSn technique facilitates identification of galloylated cyanogenic glucosides, hydrolysable tannins and ellagic acid derivatives that were isolated from the leaves of P. rotundifolia. It yields MSn spectra that are useful for identification of these compounds in complex samples and permit more complete fingerprinting of plant materials. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Impact of smoking on maternal serum markers and prenatal screening in the first and second trimesters
Authors: Zhang Jing , Lambert‐Messerlian Geralyn , Palomaki Glenn E. , Canick Jacob A. 
Published: April 2011

AbstractObjectivesTo examine the effects of smoking on first and second trimester screening markers and to determine the overall impact of these effects on Down syndrome and trisomy 18 risks in first trimester combined, second trimester quadruple and integrated tests.MethodsExamination of screening records at Women and Infants Hospital during 2006‐2008. First trimester pregnancy‐associated plasma protein‐A (PAPP‐A), beta‐human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG) and nuchal translucency and second trimester alpha‐fetoprotein (AFP), unconjugated estriol (uE3), hCG and inhibin A (inhA) multiple of the median (MoM) values were extracted from the database along with risk results, smoking status and relevant demographic information.ResultsSmoking led to significantly reduced median levels of first trimester PAPP‐A (0.89 MoM) and hCG (0.80 MoM), reduced second trimester uE3 (0.96 MoM) and hCG (0.84 MoM), and increased AFP (1.03 MoM) and inhA (1.39 MoM). After accounting for the differences in age between groups, smokers had higher Down syndrome screen positive rates for the second trimester quadruple test, but not for first trimester combined or integrated tests. Screen positive rates for trisomy 18 were markedly increased in smokers relative to age‐matched non‐smokers when using first trimester combined or integrated tests.ConclusionSmoking leads to increased screen positive rates, especially for trisomy 18 using combined or integrated tests. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Using FISH to increase the yield and accuracy of karyotypes from spontaneous abortion specimens
Authors: Jobanputra Vaidehi , Esteves Cecilia , Sobrino Antonio , Brown Stephen , Kline Jennie , Warburton Dorothy 
Published: April 2011

AbstractObjectiveCytogenetic analysis of spontaneous abortions is frequently complicated by culture failure and maternal cell contamination (MCC). The objective of the study is to demonstrate that multiplex fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) can increase the yield and accuracy of karyotypes from spontaneous abortion specimens.MethodA multiplex interphase FISH probe set was used to analyze two sample sets. (1) Uncultured tissues from 153 abortions samples with a normal 46,XX karyotype and (2) a series of 171 samples that either failed to grow or were contaminated. MCC studies were performed on 70 cultures where both karyotype and FISH indicated a normal female karyotype.ResultsFISH showed 31% (53/171) of the specimens karyotyped as 46,XX were either male or abnormal; 23% (40/118) of these specimens were found to have an abnormal chromosome complement. In specimens with culture failure, FISH showed an abnormal complement in 44.4% (68/153). MCC studies showed 41.49% (29/70) cultures of maternal origin, 45.7% (32/70) fetal, 11.4% (8/70) a maternal/fetal mixture and 1 diploid mole.ConclusionResults demonstrate the utility of a simple FISH panel in increasing the detection rate of abnormal karyotypes. They also reveal the high frequency of overgrowth of maternal cells in cultured specimens from villi after embryonic loss. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Synthesis, characterization, and degradation of biodegradable poly(mannitol citric dicarboxylate) copolyesters
Authors: Pasupuleti Sasikiran , Avadanam Anusha , Madras Giridhar 
Published: April 2011

AbstractThree groups of poly(mannitol citric dicarboxylate) [p(MCD)] copolyesters were synthesized by catalyst‐free melt condensation of mannitol with acids. The resulting copolyesters were designated as poly(mannitol citric succinate) [p(MCSu)], poly(mannitol citric adipate) [p(MCA)], poly(mannitol citric sebacate) [p(MCS)]. The polymers were characterized by FTIR, 1H NMR, and DSC analysis. The synthesized p(MCD) polymers exhibit glass transition temperatures ranging from 16.5 to 58.5°C. The mechanical, degradation properties, and the drug‐releasing characteristics of these polymers were investigated. It was observed that the mechanical properties of the p(MCD) polymers cover a wide range with Young's modulus of the polymer varying from 12.25 to 660 MPa. Hydrolytic degradation of all polymers was investigated by incubating polymer discs in PBS and the hydrolytic degradation of p(MCD) polymers followed the order, p(MCSu) > p(MCA) > p(MCS). This was attributed to the number of CH2(units in the dicarboxylic monomers. The release of model drug compounds from the p(MCD) polymer discs was also studied. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 2011. © 2011 Society of Plastics Engineers
Nanocomposites based on high impact polystyrene/silver nanoparticles: Effect of silver nanoparticles concentration on the reaction evolution, morphology, and impact strength
Authors: Soriano‐Corral F. , Morales G. 
Published: April 2011

AbstractNanocomposites based on high impact polystyrene (HIPS) and silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were synthesized via in situ bulk‐suspension polymerization adding a colloidal suspension of AgNPs in styrene from the beginning of the reaction. The concentrations of AgNPs in the final nanocomposites were 0, 0.025, 0.10, and 1.0 wt%. The rate of polymerization and free radicals concentration were found to decrease with increasing AgNPs concentration. For nanocomposites with 0.025 and 0.10 wt% of AgNPs, the phenomenon of phase inversion (PI) during the mass polymerization occurred within the same range as that for the blank HIPS. Further, the impact strength of these nanocomposites did not present any changes as compared to the blank HIPS. However, there was no sign of the PI phenomenon in the case of 1.0 wt% of AgNPs, due to a decrease in the amount of free and graft polystyrene onto the rubber chain as the free radicals concentration diminishes with an increase in AgNPs. In this case the impact strength doubles the values of the blank HIPS due to the presence of a interpenetrated polymer network of crosslinked grafted rubber and polystyrene (PS) instead of the formation of a defined morphology. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 2011. © 2011 Society of Plastics Engineers
Synthesis and characterization of sulfone containing main chain oligobenzoxazine precursors
Authors: Altinkok Cagatay , Kiskan Baris , Yagci Yusuf 
Published: April 2011

AbstractThe preparation of soluble and processable polybenzoxazine precursors capable of forming high performance networks is an important field of research with a broad spectrum of application. This study demonstrates an approach that utilizes aromatic sulfonediamine, bisphenol‐A, and formaldehyde in Mannich‐type polycondesation to prepare polybenzoxazine precursor. The structure of the oligomeric precursor (Mn = 2600) was confirmed by FTIR and 1H NMR spectral analysis. The precursor contained both sulfone and benzoxazine ring structures in the backbone. It was shown that small amount of ring‐opened phenolic groups were also present. Thermally activated self‐curing behavior of precursor in the absence of catalyst was studied by differential scanning calorimetry. Thermal properties of the cured polymers were also investigated by thermo gravimetric analysis. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem, 2011
Polypyrrole–polyvinyl alcohol stable nanodispersion: A prospective conducting black ink
Authors: Gangopadhyay Rupali , Molla Mijanur Rahaman 
Published: April 2011

AbstractChemical polymerization of pyrrole within aqueous polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) solution gives rise to a nanodispersion with unique stability and monodispersity. The nanodispersion has shown uniform distribution of perfectly spherical ∼110 nm polypyrrole particles (from transmission electron microscopy and dynamic light scattering) with high doping level (from UV‐Vis analysis) and sufficient electrical conductivity (10−3 S/cm). The dispersion with optimum stability and conductivity was subjected to viscoelastic studies. The viscosity of the system was adjusted by dilution with water and shear thinning (under steady shear) was generally observed. Dynamic mechanical studies have shown that the dispersion behaves like a semidiluted polymeric solution that roughly follows the Zimm model of viscoelasticity. This behavior accounts for its unique stability and miscibility with water at any proportion without precipitation. On drying or leaving the sample for 7 days, Fe3+ induced partial crosslinking of PVA chains takes place via –OH groups, although complete gelling does not occur. The dispersion forms flexible and uniform films on glass and metal surfaces that does not dissolve after complete drying; this observation combined with shear thinning encourages its application as ink or paint. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys, 2011