bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Growth factor and protease expression during different phases of healing after rabbit deep flexor tendon repair
Authors: Berglund M.E. , Hart D.A. , Reno C. , Wiig M. 
Published: January 2011

AbstractThe purpose of the study was to contribute to the mapping of molecular events during flexor tendon healing, in particular the growth factors insulin‐like growth factor‐1 (IGF‐1), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and nerve growth factor (NGF), matrix metalloproteinases (MMP‐3 and MMP‐13) and their inhibitors (tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases, TIMP‐1 and TIMP‐3, and the protease cathepsin K. In a rabbit model of flexor tendon injury, the mRNA expression for the growth factors, MMPs and TIMPs were measured in tendon and tendon sheath tissue at several time points (3, 6, 21, and 42 days) representing different phases of the healing process. We found that MMP‐13 remained increased during the study period, whereas MMP‐3 returned to normal levels within the first week after injury. TIMP‐3 was down‐regulated in the tendon sheaths. Cathepsin K was up‐regulated in tendons and sheaths after injury. NGF was present in both tendons and sheaths, but unaltered. IGF‐1 exhibited a late increase in the tendons, while VEGF was down‐regulated at the later time points. In conclusion, we have demonstrated the presence of NGF in flexor tendons. MMP‐13 expression appears to play a more protracted role in flexor tendon healing than MMP‐3. The relatively low levels of endogenous IGF‐1 and VEGF mRNA following injury support their potential beneficial role as exogenous modulators to optimize tendon healing and strength without increasing adhesion formation. © 2011 Orthopaedic Research Society Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 29:886–892
Prevalence and prognostic influence of genomic changes of EGFR pathway markers in synovial sarcoma
Authors: Teng Hao‐Wei , Wang Hsei‐Wei , Chen Wei‐Ming , Chao Ta‐Chung , Hsieh Yao‐Yu , Hsih Chi‐Hsiu , Tzeng Cheng‐Hwai , Chen Paul Chih‐Hsueh , Yen Chueh‐Chuan 
Published: January 2011

AbstractBackgroundWe aimed to study the prevalence and prognostic influence of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and its downstream effectors in synovial sarcoma (SS).Objectives and MethodsThe tissue blocks from 30 patients were obtained. Expression of EGFR and phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) were examined by immunohistochemistry, and mutation status of v‐Ki‐ras2 Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog (KRAS) exon 2, V‐raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog B1 (BRAF) exon 15, phosphoinositide‐3‐kinase, catalytic, alpha polypeptide (PI3KCA) exons 9, 20, and PTEN exons 5–9 were analyzed by direct sequencing.Results:EGFR overexpression and PTEN deletion were found in 63.3% and 46.7% of patients. Sequence analysis failed to demonstrate mutations of KRAS and BRAF. However, an E545A point mutation in exon 9 of PI3KCA was found in 2 of the 30 (6.7%) cases and 4 point mutations in exon 5 (E99K, D106N), intro 6 to exon 7 (AATA(G)), and exon 9 (A359T) of PTEN were found in 2 of the 30 (6.7%) cases. PTEN loss was significantly more frequent in cases of trunk tumors, and the overexpression of EGFR was significantly more prevalent in patients who were 35 or older.Conclusions:PTEN deletion was associated with poor survival. J. Surg. Oncol. 2011;103:773–781. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Usefulness of a modified inflammation‐based prognostic system for predicting postoperative mortality of patients undergoing surgery for primary hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Ishizuka Mitsuru , Kubota Keiichi , Kita Junji , Shimoda Mitsugi , Kato Masato , Sawada Tokihiko 
Published: January 2011

AbstractObjectiveTo assess and compare the predictive values of the hepatic Glasgow Prognostic Score (hGPS) and Cancer of the Liver Italian Program (CLIP) score in patients undergoing surgery for primary hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).MethodsThe hGPS was calculated as follows: patients with an elevated level of C‐reactive protein (CRP) (>0.3 mg/dl) were allocated a hGPS of 1 or 2 depending on the absence or presence of hypoalbuminemia (<3.5 g/dl), and patients without an elevation of the CRP level (≤0.3 mg/dl) were allocated a hGPS of 0.ResultsThree hundred patients were evaluated. The hGPS divided patients into three independent groups, and that a hGPS of 2 predicted a higher mortality rate (P < 0.001) than a hGPS of 0 or 1. Univariate analysis demonstrated that hGPS (0, 1/2) (P = 0.010) was one of the factors predictive of postoperative mortality, along with the CLIP score (0, 1/≥2) (P = 0.021). Comparative analysis using these two factors showed that the hGPS was predictively superior to the CLIP score (P = 0.033).ConclusionsThe hGPS is able to divide patients undergoing surgery for primary HCC into three independent groups, and is considered to be an important factor predictive of postoperative mortality in such patients. J. Surg. Oncol. 2011;103:801–806. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Treatment and outcome of parosteal osteosarcoma: Biological versus endoprosthetic reconstruction
Authors: Funovics Philipp T. , Bucher Frederik , Toma Cyril D. , Kotz Rainer I. , Dominkus Martin 
Published: January 2011

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesDue to its good prognosis despite local recurrence, more and less invasive methods for surgical treatment of parosteal osteosarcoma (POS) have been described. Aim of this retrospective single‐center study was to investigate differences in outcome after biological and prosthetic reconstruction.MethodsA total of 28 patients with POS, 14 females, 14 males, mean age of 27 years (median, 24 years; range 15–59 years), mean follow‐up of 130 months (median, 104 months; range, 9–383 months), underwent wide tumor resection and prosthetic reconstruction (12 patients, 42.9%), less extensive resection and biological reconstruction (11 patients, 39.3%), rotationplasty (three patients, 10.7%), or amputation (two patients, 7.1%).ResultsThere were two cases of local recurrence in patients with biological reconstruction and three cases of pulmonary metastases, leading to death of disease in two. Ten‐year disease‐specific survival was 91.1%. There was no significant difference between prosthetic and biological reconstruction in terms of local recurrence, metastasis, or functional outcome (mean MSTS Score, 85%). There were significantly more revisions in prosthetic reconstructions.ConclusionsGiven that the resection of the tumor has clear margins, both prosthetic and biological reconstruction show similar results; prostheses allow better local tumor control, however, require more revisions over time. J. Surg. Oncol. 2011;103:782–789. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Is neoadjuvant chemotherapy prior to radio‐chemotherapy beneficial in T4 anal carcinoma?
Authors: Moureau‐Zabotto L. , Viret F. , Giovaninni M. , Lelong B. , Bories E. , Delpero J.R. , Pesenti C. , Caillol F. , de Chaisemartin C. , Minsat M. , Monges G. , Sarran A. , Resbeut M. 
Published: January 2011

AbstractBackgroundThis study retrospectively describes the outcome of a series of 38 patients (pts) with T4 anal carcinoma exclusively treated by radio and chemotherapy.Patients and MethodsFrom 1992 to 2007, 38 pts with UST4‐N0‐2‐M0 anal carcinoma were treated with exclusive radiotherapy and chemotherapy. All patients received external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) (median dose 45 Gy) with a concomitant chemotherapy (5‐fluorouracil‐cisplatin). Eleven patients received neo‐adjuvant chemotherapy (5‐fluorouracil‐cisplatin). After 2–8 weeks, a 15–20 Gy boost was delivered either with EBRT (20 pts) or interstitial192Ir brachytherapy (18 pts). Mean follow‐up was 66 months.ResultsAfter chemoradiation therapy (CRT), 13 pts (34%) had a complete response, 23 pts (60%) a response >50% (2 pts were not evaluated). The 5‐year‐disease‐free survival was 79.2 ± 6.5%, and the 5‐year overall survival was 83.9 ± 6%. Eight patients developed tumor progression (mean delay 8.8 months), six of them requiring a salvage surgery with definitive colostomy for local relapse. Late severe complication requiring colostomy was observed in 2 pts. The 5‐year‐colostomy‐free survival was 78 ± 6.9%. Patients who received primary chemotherapy had a statistically significant better 5‐year colostomy‐free survival (100% vs. 38 ± 16.4%,P = 0.0006).ConclusionT4 anal carcinoma can be treated with a curative intent using a sphincter‐sparing approach of CRT, and neo‐adjuvant chemotherapy should be considered prior to radiotherapy. J. Surg. Oncol. 2011;104:66–71. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Effect of land use and topography on soil properties and agronomic productivity on calcareous soils of a semiarid region, Iran
Authors: Asadi H. , Raeisvandi A. , Rabiei B. , Ghadiri H. 
Published: January 2011

ABSTRACTIn this research, the effects of land use and slope position on soil properties and its agronomic productivity were studied in a greenhouse experiment. The study also covered the effects of water stress, fertilizer treatment and their interactions. Eight soil samples were collected from four slope positions along hill slopes from two adjacent land use types of rangeland and dry farmland in a semiarid region of Iran. Soil samples were analyzed for their physical and chemical properties and yield and yield components of wheat were measured as indices of soil agronomic productivity in a replicated pot experiment. Soils of the dry farmland showed higher fertility and better quality than the soils from the adjacent degraded rangeland, especially at the upper slope positions. The results indicated that yield components of wheat were all higher for the dry farming land compared to the degraded rangeland, and at the bottom of slopes compared to the top. The effect of land use and slope position on agronomic productivity of soil was influenced by water supply. The actual impact on soil productivity of soil degradation, induced by land use and slope position, was overshadowed by the dominating effect of water stress. While both chemical fertilizer and fertilizer + manure treatments enhanced the agronomic productivity of all soils, their effects were much more pronounced on the degraded soils of the rangeland. Water stress reduced fertilizer efficiency on all the soils used in this study. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Spirituality and psychological well‐being: Testing a theory of family interdependence among family caregivers and their elders
Authors: Kim Suk‐Sun , Reed Pamela G. , Hayward R. David , Kang Youngmi , Koenig Harold G. 
Published: January 2011

AbstractThe family spirituality‐psychological well‐being model was developed and tested to explore how spirituality influences psychological well‐being among elders and caregivers in the context of Korean family caregiving. The sample consisted of 157 Korean elder‐family caregiver dyads in Seoul, Korea. The intraclass correlation coefficient and the actor–partner interdependence statistical model were used to analyze the data. There were significant correlations between elders' and caregivers' spirituality and between elders' and caregivers' psychological well‐being. Elders' and caregivers' spirituality significantly influenced their own psychological well‐being. The caregiver's spirituality significantly influenced the elder's psychological well‐being, but the elder's spirituality did not significantly influence the caregiver's psychological well‐being. Findings suggest that elders' and caregivers' spirituality should be assessed within the family to provide holistic nursing interventions. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Res Nurs Health
What does validation of cases in electronic record databases mean? The potential contribution of free text
Authors: Nicholson Amanda , Tate Anne Rosemary , Koeling Rob , Cassell Jackie A. 
Published: January 2011

AbstractElectronic health records are increasingly used for research. The definition of cases or endpoints often relies on the use of coded diagnostic data, using a pre‐selected group of codes. Validation of these cases, as ‘true’ cases of the disease, is crucial. There are, however, ambiguities in what is meant by validation in the context of electronic records. Validation usually implies comparison of a definition against a gold standard of diagnosis and the ability to identify false negatives (‘true’ cases which were not detected) as well as false positives (detected cases which did not have the condition). We argue that two separate concepts of validation are often conflated in existing studies. Firstly, whether the GP thought the patient was suffering from a particular condition (which we term confirmation or internal validation) and secondly, whether the patient really had the condition (external validation). Few studies have the ability to detect false negatives who have not received a diagnostic code. Natural language processing is likely to open up the use of free text within the electronic record which will facilitate both the validation of the coded diagnosis and searching for false negatives. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Understanding hydrogenation of the adenine‐thymine base pairs and their anions: A density functional study
Authors: Xie Hujun , Sun Tingting , Lei Qunfang , Fang Wenjun 
Published: January 2011

AbstractThe B3LYP/DZP++ approach has been used to investigate the properties of hydrogenated radicals and anions of adenine‐thymine (A‐T) base pairs. Our calculations show that the hydrogenated radicals and anions have relatively high stabilities compared with the single adenine and thymine base. The conformations and hydrogen‐bond interactions of A‐T base pairs have obviously changed once the hydrogen atoms attached to the A‐T base pairs and their anion. As for the hydrogenated A‐T radicals, all of them exhibit relatively high electron affinities and different hydrogenation properties with respect to their components. The process of the bond formations of (C6)‐H (adenine) and (C6)‐H (thymine) are the most favorable in energetics. The two hydrogenation channels have the reaction Gibbs free energies (ΔG°) of −51.8 and −54.2 kcal mol−1, respectively. Also, the calculations on the basis of CPCM model imply that the solvent effect plays an important role in the electron attachment and hydrogenation reactions, and can stabilize the hydrogenated A‐T anions. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2012
Rhythmic Crystal Growth into Hierarchical Patterns by Polymer‐Mediated Self‐Assembly
Authors: Pernstich Kurt P. , Ginés Rebekka , Caseri Walter R. 
Published: January 2011

AbstractControlled, bottom‐up self‐assembly of ordered and hierarchical structures remains a major challenge and increasingly attracts attention in basic and technology‐driven research. A simple process is described for the generation of such structures, which is based on slow solvent evaporation of a polymer solution blended with a crystal‐forming species (Krogmann’s salt). Upon drying, the viscosity of the polymer‐blend solution increases in a progressing solidification zone, which precisely controls crystal growth by limiting the transport of the crystallizing units through this gel‐like solidification zone and gives rise to a position‐ and time‐dependent diffusion rate. The progressing solidification zone also leads to a preferential crystallographic orientation on a centimeter scale and introduces an instability that drives spatial pattern formation and hierarchical ordering on five distinct levels, ranging from the atomic positions in crystals to the assembly on a microscale and up to a centimeter length scale. Together with a quantitative description, the presented findings are envisaged to improve the understanding and application of periodic precipitation processes.
Effects of electrical stimulation on autonomous electrical activity in a cultured rat hippocampal neuronal network
Authors: Kiyohara Ai , Taguchi Takahisa , Kudoh Suguru N. 
Published: January 2011

AbstractThe complex dynamics of electrical activity in a neuronal network can be effectively analyzed using a small‐scale network of cultured living neurons. A multielectrode array culture dish is convenient for this purpose. In this study, we focused on the effects of electrical stimulation on autonomous electrical activity, which included widespread global activity, bursting activity in several parts of the network, and unsynchronized local activity. The electrical stimulation selectively reduced bursting activity in intermediate areas. These results suggest that electrical stimulation not only evoked action potentials but also reduced autonomous activity in a circuit‐ and frequency‐restricted manner. Thus, electrical stimulation changed the internal state of the network. © 2011 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Ultraviolet Keratitis Among Mountaineers and Outdoor Recreationalists
Authors: McIntosh Scott E. , Guercio Brian , Tabin Geoffrey C. , Leemon Drew , Schimelpfenig Tod 
Published: January 2011

Objective Ultraviolet (UV) keratitis is a self-limited, inflammatory condition resulting in pain and temporary visual disturbance following acute UV radiation exposure. It may afflict mountaineers and other outdoor recreationalists because snow, water, and sand reflect a high percentage of UV radiation reaching the earth's surface. We examined the cases of UV keratitis that have occurred on National Outdoor Leadership School (NOLS) courses in order to better understand its epidemiology and to help prevent this affliction on wilderness expeditions. Methods We retrospectively reviewed all cases of UV keratitis that occurred on NOLS courses from 1984–2009. Subject demographics and contributing factors were recorded and descriptive information reported. Results Fifteen cases of UV keratitis occurred during the study period with an overall incidence of 0.06% in those exposed. All cases occurred in mountainous or snowy terrain except one case which occurred while boating on a river. Thirteen of the 15 (87%) cases occurred in participants who were not wearing sunglasses. Two cases (13%) occurred in participants who were wearing sunglasses without side shields. Ten cases (71%) occurred in sunny conditions, and 4 cases (29%) occurred in cloudy or low visibility conditions. In all cases, symptoms resolved within 36 hours after cessation of UV exposure. Conclusion Appropriate eye protection, including adequate lenses with appropriate side shields, should be worn in mountain or water environments in order to prevent UV keratitis. This data supports the conventional conception of UV keratitis as a relatively mild and self-limited condition, if treated appropriately.
Trinitrophenyl derivatives bind differently from parent adenine nucleotides to Ca2+-ATPase in the absence of Ca2+
Authors: Toyoshima Chikashi , Yonekura Shin-Ichiro , Tsueda Junko , Iwasawa Shiho 
Published: January 2011

Trinitrophenyl derivatives of adenine nucleotides are widely used for probing ATP-binding sites. Here we describe crystal structures of Ca2+-ATPase, a representative P-type ATPase, in the absence of Ca2+with bound ATP, trinitrophenyl-ATP, -ADP, and -AMP at better than 2.4-Å resolution, stabilized with thapsigargin, a potent inhibitor. These crystal structures show that the binding mode of the trinitrophenyl derivatives is distinctly different from the parent adenine nucleotides. The adenine binding pocket in the nucleotide binding domain of Ca2+-ATPase is now occupied by the trinitrophenyl group, and the side chains of two arginines sandwich the adenine ring, accounting for the much higher affinities of the trinitrophenyl derivatives. Trinitrophenyl nucleotides exhibit a pronounced fluorescence in the E2P ground state but not in the other E2 states. Crystal structures of the E2P and E2 ∼ P analogues of Ca2+-ATPase with bound trinitrophenyl-AMP show that different arrangements of the three cytoplasmic domains alter the orientation and water accessibility of the trinitrophenyl group, explaining the origin of “superfluorescence.” Thus, the crystal structures demonstrate that ATP and its derivatives are highly adaptable to a wide range of site topologies stabilized by a variety of interactions.
State-specific Effects of Sevoflurane Anesthesia on Sleep Homeostasis
Authors: Pal Dinesh , Lipinski William J. , Walker Amanda J. , Turner Ashley M. , Mashour George A. 
Published: January 2011

Background
Prolonged propofol administration does not result in signs of sleep deprivation, and propofol anesthesia appears to satisfy the homeostatic need for both rapid eye movement (REM) and non-REM (NREM) sleep. In the current study, the effects of sevoflurane on recovery from total sleep deprivation were investigated.

Methods
Ten male rats were instrumented for electrophysiologic recordings under three conditions: (1) 36-h ad libitum sleep; (2) 12-h sleep deprivation followed by 24-h ad libitum sleep; and (3) 12-h sleep deprivation, followed by 6-h sevoflurane exposure, followed by 18-h ad libitum sleep. The percentage of waking, NREM sleep, and REM sleep, as well as NREM sleep δ power, were calculated and compared for all three conditions.

Results
Total sleep deprivation resulted in significantly increased NREM and REM sleep for 12-h postdeprivation. Sevoflurane exposure after deprivation eliminated the homeostatic increase in NREM sleep and produced a significant decrease in the NREM sleep δ power during the postanesthetic period, indicating a complete recovery from the effects of deprivation. However, sevoflurane did not affect the time course of REM sleep recovery, which required 12 h after deprivation and anesthetic exposure.

Conclusion
Unlike propofol, sevoflurane anesthesia has differential effects on NREM and REM sleep homeostasis. These data confirm the previous hypothesis that inhalational agents do not satisfy the homeostatic need for REM sleep, and that the relationship between sleep and anesthesia is likely to be agent and state specific.
Lipid Emulsion Reverses Levobupivacaine-induced Responses in Isolated Rat Aortic Vessels
Authors: Ok Seong-Ho , Sohn Ju-Tae , Baik Ji-Seok , Kim Jae-Gak , Park Sang-Seung , Sung Hui-Jin , Shin Mi-Kyung , Kwon Yong-Hyun , Park Chang-Shin , Shin Il-Woo , Lee Heon-Keun , Chung Young-Kyun 
Published: January 2011

Background
The goal of this in vitro study was to investigate the effects of lipid emulsion (LE) on local anesthetic levobupivacaine-induced responses in isolated rat aorta and to determine whether the effect of LE is related to the lipid solubility of local anesthetics.

Methods
Isolated rat aortic rings were suspended for isometric tension recording. The effects of LE were determined during levobupivacaine-, ropivacaine-, and mepivacaine-induced responses. Endothelial nitric oxide synthase and caveolin-1 phosphorylation was measured in human umbilical vein endothelial cells treated with levobupivacaine alone and with the addition of LE.

Results
Levobupivacaine produced vasoconstriction at lower, and vasodilation at higher, concentrations, and both were significantly reversed by treatment with LE. Levobupivacaine and ropivacaine inhibited the high potassium chloride-mediated contraction, which was restored by LE. The magnitude of LE-mediated reversal was greater with levobupivacaine treatment than with ropivacaine, whereas this reversal was not observed in mepivacaine-induced responses. In LE-pretreated rings, low-dose levobupivacaine- and ropivacaine-induced contraction was attenuated, whereas low-dose mepivacaine-induced contraction was not significantly altered. Treatment with LE also inhibited the phosphorylation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase induced by levobupivacaine in human umbilical vein endothelial cells.

Conclusions
These results indicate that reversal of levobupivacaine-induced vasodilation by LE is mediated mainly through the attenuation of levobupivacaine-mediated inhibition of L-type calcium channel-dependent contraction and, in part, by inhibition of levobupivacaine-induced nitric oxide release. LE-mediated reversal of responses induced by local anesthetics may be related to their lipid solubility.