bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preparation and characterization of titanium gypsum artificial aggregate
Authors: Guo Lixia , Wang Hao , Zhong Ling , Zhang Jianwei , Lu Linfang 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
In this study, solid waste titanium gypsum (TG) was used as raw material to design the basic mix ratio of aggregate, and TG artificial aggregate (TGA) was prepared based on alkali-activated cold bonding technology. The effects of different additives (slag, silica fume, and fly ash) on the properties of TGA were preliminarily investigated by using NaOH as activator in laboratory test, and the additives of TG aggregate were determined. Furthermore, the aggregate mix ratio was designed based on the additive, and the physical and mechanical properties, X-ray diffraction analysis, scanning electron microscopy analysis, and dry–wet cycle test of artificial aggregate were carried out. The results show that the artificial aggregate prepared by the same process and the aggregate prepared by silica fume as an additive has a high balling rate; it is technically feasible to use TG as the main raw material, silica fume as an additive, and NaOH as an activator to select a suitable mix ratio to prepare artificial aggregates. The microscopic test results reveal the internal products and structural degradation process of TG aggregate.
Der Rechtsbegriff des lebenden Rechts
Authors: Seinecke Ralf 
Published: April 2024

ZusammenfassungEugen Ehrlichs „lebendes Recht“ zählt zu den Schlüsselbegriffen rechtssoziologischer oder rechtsanthropologischer Forschung. Als Chiffre für nicht-staatliches Recht hat der Begriff auch in den rechtsvergleichenden, transnationalen oder völkerrechtlichen Rechtswissenschaften eine steile internationale Karriere hingelegt. Demgegenüber werden Ehrlichs Ausführungen zur Unterscheidung von rechtlichen und gesellschaftlichen Normen oft als „Gefühlstheorie“ des Rechts abgetan. Am Rechtsbegriff scheint Ehrlich gescheitert zu sein. Dabei formuliert das „lebende Recht“ selbst einen gesellschaftlichen Rechtsbegriff. Diesem und seinen Schwierigkeiten widmet sich dieser Beitrag.
Maximizing biogas production from leftover injera: influence of yeast addition to anaerobic digestion system
Authors: Sundramurthy Venkatesa Prabhu , Sundaram Saravanan , Goel Mukesh , Mohamed Baseer Aynul Rifaya , Wilson Vincent Herald , Jose Swaminathan , Chinnasamy Gomadurai , Manoharan Subramanian 
Published: April 2024

AbstractInjera is a staple food in Ethiopian dine. This study aimed to investigate on leftover injera (LI) for producing biogas via anaerobic digestion (AD), while leftover injera is full of easily biodegradable components. Aiming to examine the impact of yeast addition on biogas production efficiency, it was found that the addition of 2 % volatile solids (VS) of stimulated yeast, daily biogas output increased by 520 and 550 ml after 12 and 37 days of anaerobic digestion, respectively, with rather steady biogas production. The rate at which gas production increased was drastically cut in half when yeast was left out of the control group. Biogas production increased by only 60 ml despite the addition of two portions of substrate and yeast. Biogas output in the yeast group after fermentation was also up 33.2 % compared to the control group. The yeast group’s anaerobic digesting system was more stable, as determined by the study of markers including volatile organic acids, alkalinity, and propionic acid. The findings can be used as a benchmark for future trials aiming to industrialise continuous anaerobic digestion, allowing for more flexible response to feed as waste LI as organic load.
Do Muscle Mass and Body Fat Differ Between Elite and Amateur Natural Physique Athletes on Competition Day? A Preliminary, Cross-Sectional, Anthropometric Study
Authors: González-Cano Henar , Martín-Olmedo Juan J. , Baz-Valle Eneko , Contreras Carlos , Schoenfeld Brad J. , García-Ramos Amador , Jiménez-Martínez Pablo , Alix-Fages Carlos 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
González-Cano, H, Martín-Olmedo, JJ, Baz-Valle, E, Contreras, C, Schoenfeld, BJ, García-Ramos, A, Jiménez-Martínez, P, and Alix-Fages, C. Do muscle mass and body fat differ between elite and amateur natural physique athletes on competition day? A preliminary, cross-sectional, anthropometric study. J Strength Cond Res 38(5): 951–956, 2024—Natural physique athletes strive to achieve low body fat levels while promoting muscle mass hypertrophy for competition day. This study aimed to compare the anthropometric characteristics of natural amateur (AMA) and professional (PRO) World Natural Bodybuilding Federation (WNBF) competitors. Eleven male natural physique athletes (6 PRO and 5 AMA; age = 24.8 ± 2.3 years) underwent a comprehensive anthropometric evaluation following the International Society for the Advancement of Kinanthropometry protocol within a 24-hour time frame surrounding the competition. The 5-component fractionation method was used to obtain the body composition profile of the muscle, adipose, bone, skin, and residual tissues. Five physique athletes exceeded the 5.2 cutoff point of muscle-to-bone ratio (MBR) for natural athletes. Professional physique athletes were older than AMA physique athletes (p = 0.05), and they also presented larger thigh girths (p = 0.005) and bone mass (p = 0.019) compared with AMA physique athletes. Although no statistically significant between-group differences were observed in body mass, height, or body fat levels, PRO physique athletes exhibited a higher body mass index (BMI; AMA: 24.45 ± 0.12; PRO: 25.52 ± 1.01; p = 0.048), lean body mass (LBM; AMA: 64.49 ± 2.35; PRO: 69.80 ± 3.78; p = 0.024), fat-free mass (FFM; AMA: 71.23 ± 3.21; PRO: 76.52 ± 4.31; p = 0.05), LBM index (LBMI; AMA: 20.65 ± 0.52; PRO: 21.74 ± 0.85; p = 0.034), and fat-free mass index index (FFMI; AMA: 22.80 ± 0.22; PRO: 23.83 ± 0.90; p = 0.037) compared with AMA physique athletes. These findings highlight the unique characteristics and anthropometric differences between PRO and AMA natural physique athletes on competition day, emphasizing the significance of age, thigh girth, bone mass, BMI, LBM, FFM, and FFMI in distinguishing these 2 groups. Based on our findings, the established boundaries for muscle mass in natural physique athletes, based on FFMI and MBR, warrant reconsideration.
Statistical Tests for Sports Science Practitioners: Identifying Performance Gains in Individual Athletes
Authors: Harry John R. , Hurwitz Jacob , Agnew Connor , Bishop Chris 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Harry, JR, Hurwitz, J, Agnew, C, and Bishop, C. Statistical tests for sports science practitioners: identifying performance gains in individual athletes. J Strength Cond Res 38(5): e264–e272, 2024—There is an ongoing surge of sports science professionals within sports organizations. However, when seeking to determine training-related adaptations, sports scientists have demonstrated continued reliance on group-style statistical analyses that are held to critical assumptions not achievable in smaller-sample team settings. There is justification that these team settings are better suited for replicated single-subject analyses, but there is a dearth of literature to guide sports science professionals seeking methods appropriate for their teams. In this report, we summarize 4 methods' ability to detect performance adaptations at the replicated single-subject level and provide our assessment for the ideal methods. These methods included the model statistic, smallest worthwhile change, coefficient of variation (CV), and standard error of measurement (SEM), which were discussed alongside step-by-step guides for how to conduct each test. To contextualize the methods' use in practice, real countermovement vertical jump (CMJ) test data were used from 4 (2 females and 2 males) athletes who complete 5 biweekly CMJ test sessions. Each athlete was competing in basketball at the NCAA Division 1 level. We concluded that the combined application of the model statistic and CV methods should be preferred when seeking to objectively detect meaningful training adaptations in individual athletes. This combined approach ensures that the differences between the tests are (a) not random and (b) reflect a worthwhile change. Ultimately, the use of simple and effective methods that are not restricted by group-based statistical assumptions can aid practitioners when conducting performance tests to determine athlete adaptations.
The Modified Reactive Strength Index Is a Valid Measure of Lower-Body Explosiveness in Male and Female High School Athletes
Authors: Witte Brandon C. , Schouten Tyler C. , Westphal Jessica A. , VanZile Adam W. , Jones Daniel D. , Widenhoefer Tricia L. , Dobbs Ward C. , Jagim Andrew R. , Luedke Joel A. , Almonroeder Thomas G. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Witte, BC, Schouten, TC, Westphal, JA, VanZile, AW, Jones, DD, Widenhoefer, TL, Dobbs, WC, Jagim, AR, Luedke, JA, and Almonroeder, TG. The modified reactive strength index is a valid measure of lower-body explosiveness in male and female high school athletes. J Strength Cond Res 38(8): 1428–1432, 2024—The modified reactive strength index (mRSI) is a commonly used metric to quantify lower-body explosiveness during countermovement jump (CMJ) performance. However, few studies have attempted to examine its validity as a measure of explosiveness, particularly among high school athletes. The purpose of this study was to examine the validity of the mRSI as a measure of lower-body explosiveness among a relatively large sample of male and female high school athletes from various sports. As part of this study, male (n = 132) and female (n = 43) high school athletes performed CMJs, while ground reaction forces were recorded using a force platform. The vertical ground reaction force data collected during the CMJs were used to derive the following variables: peak force (PF), peak power, time to PF, time to take-off, peak rate of force development, and the mRSI. Principal component analysis was applied and reduced these variables into 2 components related to “force” and “speed.” The mRSI loaded on both the force (loading = 0.82) and speed (loading = −0.46) components, indicating that it incorporates elements of both force and speed, although it loaded more strongly on the force component than the speed component. The observed pattern of cross-loading suggests that the mRSI is generally a valid measure of lower-body explosiveness for male and female high school athletes.
Longitudinal Internal Training Load and Exposure in a High-Performance Basketball Academy
Authors: Lever Jonathon R. , Duffield Rob , Murray Andrew , Bartlett Jonathan D. , Fullagar Hugh H.K. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Lever, JR, Duffield, R, Murray, A, Bartlett, JD, and Fullagar, HHK. Longitudinal internal training load and exposure in a high-performance basketball academy. J Strength Cond Res 38(8): 1464–1471, 2024—This study describes the longitudinal training exposure (session counts) and internal training load (Rating of Perceived Exertion [RPE] and Session Rating of Perceived Exertion [sRPE]) of youth basketball players at a high-performance academy, based on the training year, training term, and playing position. Historical internal training load and training exposure data were collated from 45 male high-performance youth basketball athletes between 2015 and 2019. Data included session duration, RPE, sRPE, training type, and date. Linear mixed models and pairwise comparisons were performed on the weekly means and categorized by training year (year 1, year 2, year 3), term (term 1, term 2, term 3, term 4), and playing position (Backcourt, Frontcourt). Linear mixed models indicate that the individual athlete had the greatest influence on variance in training load and exposure. Significant differences were observed for increased session count, duration, and sRPE (p < 0.001) in year 2 compared with year 1. These measures also increased within each year whereby term 3 and term 4 (p < 0.001) were significantly greater than term 1 and term 2. No significant differences were observed between playing position (p > 0.05). Training exposure and internal training load increase in year 2 from year 1 for high-performance youth basketball academy athletes. Differences between training load and exposure for terms (i.e., training blocks) suggest the phase of season influences training prescription, while playing position has limited effect.
Ensuring Student Mental Wellbeing whilst introducing Block Mode Intensive Learning and Teaching
Authors: Allman Zoe 
Published: April 2024

As De Montfort University, a UK-based University, introduced block delivery across the undergraduate portfolio the University sought to maintain a continued focus on, and commitment to, an institution-wide approach to embedding mental wellbeing. With mental wellbeing relevant to the whole university community and recognising the power of transformational change to impact wellbeing, the university cross-examined student feedback to understand and ensure mental wellbeing.
An intensive block model was introduced at De Montfort University (DMU) from the start of the academic session 2022-23. Undergraduate student experiences and learning from the initial months, focused on those in the Faculty of Computing, Engineering and Media, are presented alongside an examination of the methods and impact of embedding mental wellbeing in this new intensive mode; ensuring the continued institutional approach to embedding mental wellbeing in the curriculum, providing inclusive support for all learners. The learning and impact identified from initial experiences indicate areas of strength and areas for development, enhancement and growth. This article presents educational practice implications for other providers exploring and implementing block delivery in intensive learning and teaching modes.
The University’s HealthyDMU philosophy recognises mental wellbeing is relevant to all, informed by a social model of wellbeing, in which a student’s experience of mental wellbeing is directly related to their environment and experiences, based on the five ways to wellbeing (Aked, Marks, Cordon & Thompson, 2008). Embedding this throughout the curriculum reduces wellbeing barriers to facilitate student success, establishing pro-active approaches to mental wellbeing and a health promoting environment.
This article provides a unique focus on student experience from the position of mental wellbeing embedded in curriculum design and delivery. This paper presents an exploration of student responses to the introduction of intensive delivery at undergraduate level within a UK university, positioned around support for mental wellbeing.
RSV Vaccination Intention Among People Who Are or Plan to Become Pregnant
Authors: Saper Jennifer K. , Heffernan Marie , Simon Norma-Jean E. , Davis Matthew M. , Macy Michelle L. 
Published: April 2024

OBJECTIVES
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a common pediatric infection, with young infants being at the highest risk of hospitalization and long-term sequela. New preventive agents have been recommended to prevent severe RSV illness in infants, including a vaccine administered during pregnancy. The current rates of recommended vaccination in pregnancy are suboptimal. Our objective was to characterize interest in RSV vaccination during pregnancy among people across the United States who were pregnant or planning to become pregnant.

METHODS
In March 2023, we conducted a national cross-sectional online survey of individuals 18 to 45 years old who were currently pregnant or trying to become pregnant on their perceptions of RSV-related illness and intentions to get vaccinated against RSV. We performed logistic regression analyses to determine the odds and predicted proportions of the likelihood of RSV vaccination during pregnancy, controlling for sociodemographic factors.

RESULTS
Of 1619 completed surveys, 1528 were analyzed. 54% of respondents indicated that they were “very likely” to get vaccinated against RSV during pregnancy. The perception of RSV as a serious illness was the strongest predictor of vaccination likelihood. In the full regression model, predicted proportions of “very likely” to vaccinate against RSV followed a similar pattern (63% if RSV infection was perceived as serious and likely, 55% if serious and unlikely, 35% if not serious; P &lt; .001).

CONCLUSIONS
Raising awareness of RSV infection as likely and potentially serious for infants may be an influential component of targeted communications that promote RSV vaccine uptake during pregnancy.
Disciplined Interdisciplinarity
Authors: Jasper David 
Published: April 2024

Interdisciplinarity is a word often used in contemporary universities, but little understood or practiced. “Professionalism” tends to keep academics within the narrow boundaries of their own field of research. Dorota Filipczak has long represented a different and more vibrant form in interdisciplinarity which this essay seeks to explore through a brief review of the two journals Literature and Theology and Text Matters, as well as Dorota’s early research and writing on Canadian literature and Malcom Lowry in particular. These suggestions are within the tradition of J. H. Newman’s great vision of a university in the middle of the nineteenth century, and the discussion concludes with a reflection on the conference organized by Dorota in 1998 entitled Dissolving the Boundaries.
TINDAK TUTUR DIREKTIF GURU DAN SISWA PADA PEMBELAJARAN BAHASA INDONESIA DI SMP NEGERI 1 JAKEN, KABUPATEN PATI
Authors: Lutfi Muhammad 
Published: April 2024

<p><span class="s6">Jenis tindak tutur yang dominan dilakukan guru dalam melaksanakan pembelajaran </span><span class="s6">dapat mempengaruhi</span><span class="s6"> aktivitas belajar siswa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi dan memetakan jenis tindak tutur direktif guru dan siswa pada pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia di SMP Negeri 1 Jaken</span><span class="s6">..</span><span class="s6">Penelitian dilakukan dengan pendekatan pragmatik. Sumber datanya adalah tuturan guru dan siswa dalam pelaksanaan pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan metode simak, catat, rekam. Peneliti tidak terlibat dalam proses interaksi pembelajaran.Teknik uji validitas yang diterapkan adalah triangulasi teori dan metode. Adapun analisis data dilakukan teknik analisis mengalir yang meliputi kegiatan reduksi data, display data, dan penarikan simpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tuturan direktif yang sering digunakan oleh guru adalah menyuruh. Jenis tuturan direktif yang digunakan adalah tuturan langsung bermodus imperatif </span><span class="s6">dan efek</span><span class="s6"> yang ditimbulkan adalah efek positif mendorong.</span></p>
SISTEM TRANSITIVITAS VERBA DALAM PIDATO CALON PRESIDEN TAHUN 2024 PADA KANAL YOUTUBE KOMPASTV
Authors: Hakim Aliyah Salsabila , Kadir Puspa Mirani , Wagiati Wagiati 
Published: April 2024

<span lang="EN-US">Pemilihan presiden tahun 2024 sedang hangat dibicarakan saat ini, terutama setelah hadirnya tiga kandidat dari masing-masing partai politik. Kampanye melalui pidato yang dimuat dalam </span><span lang="EN-US">pemberitaan digital, termasuk kanal <em>Youtube </em>memungkinkan memuat variasi kebahasaan, termasuk transitivitas verba dalam Linguistik Sistemik Fungsional (LSF). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan verba ditinjau dari sistem transitivitas dan fungsi sintaksisnya dalam pidato kampanye calon presiden. Teori yang digunakan adalah analisis sistem transitivitas oleh Halliday. </span><span lang="EN-US">Klasifikasi data penelitian ini dibagi berdasarkan enam </span><span lang="EN-US">tipe proses. </span><span lang="EN-US">Pendekatan penelitiannya adalah analisis isi. </span><span lang="EN-US">Data </span><span lang="EN-US">penelitian ini adalah lima video pidato bakal capres tahun 2024 yang bersumber dari </span><span lang="EN-US">kanal <em>Youtube</em> KompasTV. </span><span lang="EN-US">Metode pengumpulan data menggunakan metode simak dengan teknik catat. Metode analisis data menggunakan metode agih dengan teknik Bagi Unsur Langsung (BUL). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat </span><span lang="EN-US">56 data verba yang terdiri atas 2 data verba berproses relasional, 10 data verba berproses mental, 26 data verba berproses material, 11 data verba berproses perilaku, 5 data verba berproses verbal, dan 2 data verba berproses eksistensial. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa data verba berproses material paling banyak muncul. </span><span lang="EN-US">Data tersebut mengindikasikan para bakal capres menggunakan verba berproses material secara dominan untuk menunjukkan kerja nyata yang telah dan/atau akan mereka lakukan untuk Republik Indonesia.</span>
Black Americans’ Drug Mortality Increases and Local Employment Opportunities, 2010‒2021
Authors: Oh Sehun , Cano Manuel 
Published: April 2024

Objectives. To test the associations between local employment opportunities for the Black workforce and drug mortality among Black Americans, while examining the potential moderating effects of fentanyl seizure rates. Methods. We derived data from the National Center for Health Statistics’ restricted-access Multiple Cause of Death file, linked with county-level job counts, drug supply, and other characteristics from the US Census Bureau and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. After examining the characteristics of counties by the magnitudes of increases in drug mortality from 2010‒2013 to 2018–2021, we conducted a first-differenced regression analysis to test the associations between the job-to-Black workforce ratio and age-adjusted drug mortality rates among Black Americans in US counties and test the moderating effects of state-level fentanyl seizure rates. Results. One more job per 100 Black workers was associated with 0.29 fewer drug overdose deaths per 100 000 Black Americans in the county. This negative association was stronger in the counties of the states with higher increases in fentanyl seizure rates. Conclusions. Increasing employment opportunities can be an important strategy for preventing Black Americans’ drug mortality, especially among those living in areas with higher increases in fentanyl seizure rates. ( Am J Public Health. 2024;114(7):729–732. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2024.307646 )