bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Support vector regression to predict the performance of stabilized aggregate bases subject to wet–dry cycles
Authors: Maalouf Maher , Khoury Naji , Laguros Joakim G. , Kumin Hillel 
Published: February 2011

SUMMARYDurability is a notion that is integrated with the performance of stabilized pavement materials. Also, because it can be quantified and measured, it carries significant influence on the design of pavements. This study focuses on using support vector machine, a machine learning algorithm, in assessing the performance of stabilized aggregate bases subject to wet–dry cycles. Support Vector Regression (SVR) is a statistical learning algorithm that is applied to regression problems and is gaining popularity in pavement and geotechnical engineering. In our study, SVR was shown to be superior to the least‐squares (LS) method. Results of this study show that SVR significantly reduces the mean‐squared error (MSE) and improves the coefficient of determination (R2) compared to the widely used LS method. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Galerkin lumped parameter methods for transient problems
Authors: Bermúdez A. , Pena F. 
Published: February 2011

AbstractIn this paper we propose a general methodology to obtain lumped parameter models for systems governed by parabolic partial differential equations which we call Galerkin lumped parameter methods. The idea consists of decomposing the computational domain into several subdomains connected through so‐called ports. Then a time‐independent adapted reduced basis is introduced by numerically solving several elliptic problems in each subdomain. The proposed lumped parameter model is the Galerkin approximation of the original problem in the space spanned by this basis. The relationship of these methods with classical lumped parameter models is analyzed. Numerical results are shown as well as a comparison of the solution obtained with the lumped model and the ‘exact’ one computed by standard finite element procedures. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
An isogeometric analysis approach to gradient damage models
Authors: Verhoosel Clemens V. , Scott Michael A. , Hughes Thomas J. R. , de Borst René 
Published: February 2011

AbstractContinuum damage formulations are commonly used for the simulation of diffuse fracture processes. Implicit gradient damage models are employed to avoid the spurious mesh dependencies associated with local continuum damage models. The C0‐continuity of traditional finite elements has hindered the study of higher order gradient damage approximations. In this contribution we use isogeometric finite elements, which allow for the construction of higher order continuous basis functions on complex domains. We study the suitability of isogeometric finite elements for the discretization of higher order gradient damage approximations. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Technological modernization under resource scarcity
Authors: Hritonenko Natali , Yatsenko Yuri 
Published: February 2011

SUMMARYA nonlinear optimal control problem describes the capital modernization strategy of a firm under improving technology and restrictions on available resources. The restricted resource may be space, land, labor, finance, or environmental pollution. The authors reveal a complete qualitative picture of optimal regimes and show that the only profitable long‐run growth scenario uses the entire available resource and involves capital modernization. It is shown that a high price of resource or capital suppresses the technology adoption by firms and leads to the firm shutdown. In contrast, resource regulation promotes scrapping of obsolete capital and adoption of new technology and stabilizes the growth of all firms in the industry. Copyrightcopyright 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Metaplastic breast carcinoma: tumour histogenesis or dedifferentiation?
Authors: van Deurzen Carolien HM , Lee Andrew HS , Gill Muhammad S , Menke‐Pluijmers Marian BE , Jager Agnes , Ellis Ian O , Rakha Emad A 
Published: February 2011

AbstractGlobal gene expression profiling studies have classified breast cancer into molecular classes, some of which show similarity to normal mammary cells (ie luminal and basal subtypes) with a subsequent histogenetic implication that reinforced the perception that the phenotype of breast cancer reflects the cell of origin. However, it remains to be determined whether phenotypic changes are the result of malignant transformation of particular cancer stem cells (histogenesis) or specific genetic hits occurring at various stages of carcinogenesis (dedifferentiation). We sought to test the hypothesis that dedifferentiation may be the more likely explanation using in vivo clinical data. Our findings support the hypothesis that at least some metaplastic carcinomas are derived from phenotypic transition from conventional mammary adenocarcinoma either at the in‐situ, primary invasive stage or at a distant metastatic site. This observation argues against the cell of origin theory (histogenesis) for breast carcinogenesis and favours the concept of tumour dedifferentiation at later stages. Copyright © 2011 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Relapse of aplastic anemia responsive to sirolimus combined with cyclosporine
Authors: He Guangsheng , Zhang Xiang , Wu Depei , Sun Aining , Wang Xiuli 
Published: February 2011

AbstractAplastic anemia (AA) is an immune‐mediated disease. Although most patients are responsive to immunosuppressive therapy (IST) with a combination of anti‐thymocyte globulin (ATG) and cyclosporine (CsA), some patients relapse or are refractory to IST. Sirolimus (rapamysin) inhibits the serine–threonine kinase mammalian target of rapamysin (mTOR), and blocks CsA‐resistant and calcium‐independent pathways late in the progression of the T‐cell cycle. We report two cases of AA which relapsed after CsA and ATG plus CsA, respectively. They achieved transfusion independence after retreatment with sirolimus in combination with a CsA. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2011;56:1133–1135. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Initial testing (stage 1) of the mTOR kinase inhibitor AZD8055 by the pediatric preclinical testing program
Authors: Houghton Peter J. , Gorlick Richard , Kolb E. Anders , Lock Richard , Carol Hernan , Morton Christopher L. , Keir Stephen T. , Reynolds C. Patrick , Kang Min H. , Phelps Doris , Maris John M. , Billups Catherine , Smith Malcolm A. 
Published: February 2011

AbstractBackground AZD8055 is a small molecule ATP‐competitive inhibitor of the serine/threonine kinase mTOR that regulates cap‐dependent translation through the mTORC1 complex and Akt activation through the mTORC2 complex.Procedures AZD8055 was tested against the PPTP in vitro panel at concentrations ranging from 1.0 nM to 10 µM and against the PPTP in vivo panels at a dose of 20 mg/kg administered orally daily × 7 for 4 weeks.ResultsIn vitro the median relative IC50 for AZD8055 against the PPTP cell lines was 24.7 nM. Relative I/O values >0% (consistent with a cytostatic effect) were observed in 8 cell lines and 15 cell lines showed Relative I/O values ranging from −4.7 to −92.2% (consistent with varying degrees of cytotoxic activity). In vivo AZD8055 induced significant differences in EFS distribution compared to controls in 23 of 36 (64%) evaluable solid tumor xenografts, and 1 of 6 evaluable ALL xenografts. Intermediate activity for the time to event activity measure (EFS T/C >2) was observed in 5 of 32 (16%) solid tumor xenografts evaluable. The best response was stable disease. PD2 (progressive disease with growth delay) was observed in 20 of 36 (55.6%) evaluable solid tumor xenografts. AZD8055 significantly inhibited 4E‐BP1, S6, and Akt phosphorylation following day 1 and day 4 dosing, but suppression of mTORC1 or mTORC2 signaling did not predict tumor sensitivity.ConclusionsAZD8055 demonstrated broad activity in vitro, but at the dose and schedule studied demonstrated limited activity in vivo against the PPTP solid tumor and ALL panels. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2012; 58: 191–199. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Outcome after first relapse in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia: A report based on the Dutch Childhood Oncology Group (DCOG) relapse all 98 protocol
Authors: van den Berg H. , de Groot‐Kruseman H.A. , Damen‐Korbijn C.M. , de Bont E.S.J.M , Schouten‐van Meeteren A.Y.N. , Hoogerbrugge P.M. 
Published: February 2011

AbstractBackgroundWe report on the treatment of children and adolescents with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) in first relapse. The protocol focused on: (1) Intensive chemotherapy preceding allogeneic stem cell transplantation (SCT) in early bone marrow relapse; (2) Rotational chemotherapy in late relapse, without donor; (3) Postponement of cerebro‐spinal irradiation in late isolated CNS relapse; and (4) Treatment in very late bone marrow relapse with chemotherapy only.MethodsFrom January 1999 until July 2006 all 158 Dutch pediatric patients with ALL in first relapse were recorded. Ninety‐nine patients were eligible; 54 patients with early and 45 with late relapse. Eighteen patients had an isolated extra‐medullary relapse; 69 patients had bone marrow involvement only.ResultsFive‐years EFS rates for early and late relapses were 12% and 35%, respectively. For early relapses 5 years EFSs were 25% for patients transplanted; 0% for non‐transplanted patients. For late relapses 5 years EFS was 64% for patients treated with chemotherapy only, and 16% for transplanted patients. For very late relapses EFS was 58%.ConclusionsOur data suggest the superiority of SCT for early relapse patients. For late relapses a better outcome is achieved with chemotherapy only using the rotational chemotherapy scheme. The most important factor for survival was interval between first CR and occurrence of the first relapse. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2011; 57: 210–216. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Thiopurine S‐methyltransferase (TPMT) polymorphisms in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia, and the need for reduction or cessation of 6‐mercaptopurine doses during maintenance therapy: The Polish multicenter analysis
Authors: Peregud‐Pogorzelski Jarosław , Tetera‐Rudnicka Edyta , Kurzawski Mateusz , Brodkiewicz Andrzej , Adrianowska Natalia , Mlynarski Wojciech , Januszkiewicz Danuta , Drozdzik Marek 
Published: February 2011

AbstractBackground6‐Mercaptopurine (6‐MP) is used for the treatment of pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Mutations in the TPMT gene may influence the efficacy and safety of 6‐MP treatment. This multicenter study investigated the association between TPMT genotype, 6‐MP dose adjustments, and the incidence of adverse effects in patients.ProcedureA total of 203 ALL children were genotyped using PCR/allele‐specific amplification and PCR/RFLP. The control group consisted of 394 healthy volunteers.ResultsThe TPMT*3A variant allele was found in 16 patients (15 TPMT*1/*3A, 1 TPMT*3A/*3A) and the TPMT*3C (A719G) allele in 1 patient. No TPMT*2 (G238C) or TPMT*3B (G460A) alleles were detected in the study group. TPMT*3A, TPMT*1 (wild‐type), and TPMT*3C alleles were detected at frequencies of 3.94%, 95.81%, and 0.25%, respectively. The genotype and allele distributions were similar in the ALL and control groups. The 6‐MP dose was reduced more frequently in patients with TPMT*3A and TPMT*3C alleles, compared with wild‐type alleles (P = 0.042). Reductions because of leucopenia with respiratory tract infection, or because of leucopenia, anemia and/or thrombocytopenia were four (P = 0.007) and five (P = 0.03) times more common, respectively. The groups differed with regard to the rates of 6‐MP dose reduction (P = 0.028). 6‐MP was discontinued more often in patients with TPMT*3A and TPMT*3C alleles (14‐fold) as a result of leucopenia, anemia, and/or thrombocytopenia (P = 0.004).ConclusionsThe results indicate that TPMT genotype influences the safety and efficacy of ALL treatment and genotype information may therefore be useful for optimizing 6‐MP therapy. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2011; 57: 578–582. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Disseminated intravascular coagulation due to IgM‐mediated autoimmune hemolytic anemia
Authors: Bleakly N. Teresa , Fontaine Magali J. , Pate Lisa L. , Sutherland Scott M. , Jeng Michael 
Published: February 2011

AbstractDisseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) due to red cell hemolysis has been previously attributed to transfusion‐related hemolytic reactions, but not to autoimmune hemolytic anemia. We report a case of DIC in a child with complement‐fixing IgM‐mediated cold‐agglutinin autoimmune hemolysis, which resulted in arterial thrombosis and gangrene of the upper and lower extremities. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2011; 57: 329–331. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Survival and late effects in children with stage 4 neuroblastoma
Authors: Perwein Thomas , Lackner Herwig , Sovinz Petra , Benesch Martin , Schmidt Sandrin , Schwinger Wolfgang , Urban Christian 
Published: February 2011

AbstractBackgroundTreatment of metastatic neuroblastoma (NB) demands aggressive oncological therapy, which may cause long‐term sequelae in survivors. The aim of this retrospective single center study is to give an overview of survival in children with stage 4 NB and to describe the spectrum of late effects seen in survivors.ProcedureMedical records of 31 patients with stage 4 NB treated between 1984 and 2009, who were included in a follow‐up programme, were reviewed for information on tumor, treatment and late effects.ResultsFive‐year overall survival was 54.3 ± 9% and 5‐year event‐free survival was 44.9 ± 9%. Patients diagnosed after 1996 had a significantly better survival rate than those diagnosed before (74 ± 11.2% vs. 33.3 ± 12.2%, P = 0.011). In 15 of the 16 survivors (93.8%), numerous late effects were detected. The most common long‐term sequelae were renal changes in 10 patients (62.5%) and endocrine disturbances in 9 patients (56.3%), including hypothyroidism with need of substitution in 50%, GH deficiency in 37.5% and hypogonadism in 12.5%. Sensorineural hearing loss occurred in 37.5% of survivors. Further observed late effects were hepatobiliary changes (31.3%), musculoskeletal problems, and pulmonary abnormalities (each 25%), as well as neurologic changes (18.8%), dental defects (12.5%), and unilateral blindness (6.3%). Second neoplasms appeared in 3 patients, 1 of whom died of hepatocellular carcinoma following infection with hepatitis B.ConclusionsMore than 50% of children with stage 4 NB may survive. The high incidence of severe long‐term sequelae underlines the importance of careful follow‐up in order to detect and treat late effects early enough. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2011; 57: 629–635. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Circulating endothelial cells and circulating endothelial precursor cells in patients with osteosarcoma
Authors: DuBois Steven G. , Stempak Diana , Wu Bing , Mokhtari Reza Bayat , Nayar Rakesh , Janeway Katherine A. , Goldsby Robert , Grier Holcombe E. , Baruchel Sylvain 
Published: February 2011

AbstractBackgroundCirculating endothelial cells (CECs) have been detected at increased numbers in patients with solid cancers. CECs have not been systematically evaluated in patients with osteosarcoma.ProcedurePatients 12 months to 30 years of age with newly diagnosed high‐grade osteosarcoma were eligible for this prospective cohort study. Patients provided a single blood sample at study entry for CEC quantification by flow cytometry at a single reference laboratory. CECs were defined as CD146+, CD31+, CD45−, and CD133−. CEC progenitor cells (CEPs) were defined as CD146+, CD31+, CD45−, and CD133+.ResultsEighteen patients enrolled (11 males; median age 16 years; range 5–21 years). CEC counts did not differ between patients with osteosarcoma compared to seven pediatric healthy controls (median 645 cells/ml, range 60–5,320 cells/ml vs. 1,670 cells/ml, range 330–4,700 cells/ml, respectively; P = 0.12). CEP counts did not differ between patients compared to controls (median 126 cells/ml, range 0–5,320 cells/ml vs. median 260 cells/ml, range 0–10,670 cells/ml, respectively; P = 0.69). CEC and CEP counts did not correlate with metastatic status, tumor size, or histologic response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy.ConclusionsCEC and CEP levels are not increased in patients with osteosarcoma compared to healthy controls. CECs and CEPs do not correlate with clinical features of osteosarcoma. Alternative novel markers of disease burden and response are needed in this disease. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2012; 58: 181–184. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Study of antibacterial properties of polypropylene filled with surfactant‐coated silver nanoparticles
Authors: Fages E. , Pascual J. , Fenollar O. , García‐Sanoguera D. , Balart R. 
Published: February 2011

AbstractMedical applications require, in most cases, antibacterial protection. The use of silver (Ag) gives important antibacterial properties since silver is highly toxic for bacteria. In this research work, we have used silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) with different surfactants, polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) and oleic acid (OA) to facilitate dispersion. PP‐Ag NPs compounds were prepared by melt mixing, and the effects of the processing conditions on nanoparticles' dispersion were investigated by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The antibacterial efficiency of PP‐Ag NPs compounds against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538 and Escherichia coli ATCC 8379 was evaluated. Results show that good dispersion is obtained with rotating speeds in the 350–500 rpm range. TEM analysis reveals balanced dispersion and presence of some Ag NPs aggregates. Regarding antimicrobial properties, the use of PVP as surfactant leads to “significant” antimicrobial activity of 1.5 against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli; on other hand, the use of oleic acid (OA) as surfactant leads to strong protection against Staphylococcus aureus (antimicrobial activity between 2.5 and 3.3) but the overall protection against Escherichia coli is very low (lower than 1). Results show that the use of surfactants for Ag NPs has important effects on antibacterial properties of polypropylene filled with coated Ag NPs. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 2011. © 2011 Society of Plastics Engineers
Synthesis of triblock copolymer having alternating structures and kinetics study on RAFT‐mediated bulk, miniemulsion and seed miniemulsion polymerizations
Authors: Yu Yitao , Zhan Xiaoli , Zhang Qinghua , Chen Fengqiu 
Published: February 2011

AbstractWe have conducted reversible addition‐fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerizations of styrene (St) and maleic anhydride (MAh) and n‐butyl acrylate (BA) to produce a well‐defined triblock copolymer having alternating structure, P(St‐alt‐MAh)‐b‐PSt‐b‐PBA, via bulk, miniemulsion and seed miniemulsion polymerizations. The polymerization kinetics and living characters were investigated. The results followed by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) showed that bulk and miniemulsion polymerizations exhibited controlled nature such as narrow polydispersity index (PDI), controlled molecular weight, and first‐order polymerization kinetics, whereas triblock copolymer owned a rather wider PDI. Comparison of GPC RI and UV traces revealed that alternating copolymer and diblock copolymer have a very high percentage of living chains. For seed miniemulsion polymerization, when the molecular weight of triblock copolymer is more than 36,000 g/mol, the formation of homopolymer of BA resulted in broadening of PDI. 1H NMR method was used to identify the compositions of block copolymers. Differential scanning calorimetry analysis showed that the copolymers exhibited distinct glass temperatures. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 2011. © 2011 Society of Plastics Engineers
Quinolinyl‐moiety‐containing 3‐ester‐substituted polythiophenes showing fluorescence efficiency
Authors: Maiti Jatindranath , Srivastava Ritu , Kamalasanan Modeeparampil N , Dolui Swapan Kumar 
Published: February 2011

AbstractPolythiophenes with ester substituents at the 3‐position of the thiophene ring were synthesized by ferric chloride oxidative polymerization. The polythiophenes are partially soluble in tetrahydrofuran, and these solutions were used to characterize the polythiophenes using Fourier transform infrared, 1H NMR, UV‐visible and fluorescence spectroscopy, gel permeation chromatography, thermogravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetry and cyclic voltammetry. The electrochemical band gap of the polymers is in the range 1.6–2.3 eV. The effect of the various substituents on the fluorescence behaviour was studied in detail. The quinolinyl‐moiety‐containing polythiophene ester has the highest fluorescence quantum yield. The incorporation of Al3+ and Zn2+ ions increases greatly the fluorescence intensity. The electroluminescence properties of the polymers were evaluated with a device configuration of ITO/PEDOT:PSS/polymer/LiF/Al. The polymers show a yellow emission in electroluminescence spectra. The results suggest that the quinoline‐containing ester‐substituted polythiophene is a promising electronic and optoelectronic material. Copyright © 2011 Society of Chemical Industry
Ultrasound‐assisted deacetylation of beta‐chitin: influence of processing parameters
Authors: Delezuk Jorge A de M , Cardoso Márcia B , Domard Alain , Campana‐Filho Sérgio P 
Published: February 2011

AbstractUltrasound‐assisted deacetylation (USAD) produces chitosan by treating beta‐chitin suspended in 40% aqueous sodium hydroxide with high‐intensity ultrasound irradiation. Chitosans resulting from the application of non‐isothermal and isothermal USAD processes were characterized using NMR spectroscopy, X‐ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, viscosity measurements and size‐exclusion chromatography. The characteristics of the USAD‐produced chitosan strongly depend on the processing temperature and ultrasound parameters, namely the irradiation amplitude and duration, with viscosity‐average molecular weight in the range 100 000–750 000 g mol−1 and average degree of acetylation in the range 6.0–25.0%. Moreover, appropriate adjustment of the USAD parameters allows the production of chitosan with high molecular weight (Mw ≈ 106 g mol−1) and low degree of acetylation (ca 7.0%) after a single‐step short‐time processing (30 min) carried out at low to moderate temperature (50–80 °C). The occurrence of cavitation, a phenomenon whose intensity depends on the irradiation amplitude and duration as well as on the processing temperature, is responsible for reducing the average size of the polysaccharide particles, favoring the accessibility of sodium hydroxide to the reactive sites and supporting a more efficient deacetylation of beta‐chitin as compared to the thermochemical process. Copyright © 2011 Society of Chemical Industry
Unusual presentation: Pulmonary hemosiderosis with celiac disease and retinitis pigmentosa in a child
Authors: Keskin Ozlem , Keskin Mehmet , Guler Elif , Tutar Ediz , Saygili Oguzhan , Kucukosmanoglu Ercan , Kor Yilmaz , Celik Haydar , Coskun Enes 
Published: February 2011

AbstractIdiopathic pulmonary hemosiderosis (IPH) is a rare disease characterized by anemia, hemoptysis and recurrent alveolar hemorrhage. The combination of IPH and celiac disease (CD) is extremely rare. We report a 9‐year‐old boy with Lane‐Hamilton syndrome, co‐occurrence of pulmonary hemosiderosis with CD. This presentation is unique presentation because he has also retinal pigmentation. Pediatr. Pulmonol. 2011; 46:820–823. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.