bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Self‐limiting sternal tumors of childhood (SELSTOC)
Authors: te Winkel M.L. , Lequin M.H. , de Bruyn J.R. , van de Ven C.P. , de Krijger R.R. , Pieters R. , van den Heuvel‐Eibrink M.M. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractBackgroundBecause a sternal mass is often alarming, it is important to identify the clinical features of benign processes.ProcedureData on clinical presentation, diagnostics, treatment and outcome of pediatric patients presenting with a sternal tumor between 2001 and 2009 were collected from medical records.ResultsAmong the 1,700 children who were referred to our pediatric‐oncology center, 14 presented with a rapidly growing sternal mass. All patients (10 males) were Caucasian and median age was 16 (range: 7–50) months. Reported symptoms were local pain (n = 7) and/or raised body temperature (n = 5). No major preceding traumas were reported. Physical examination revealed solid tumors with a median diameter of 3 (range: 1–4.5) cm in a pre‐sternal/para‐sternal location. Half of the patients showed red/blue discoloration of the skin. On radiology, dumbbell‐shaped lesions extended to the area behind the sternal bone, involving the cartilage, leading to increased distance between ossification centers. Histopathology at diagnosis was available from five patients and showed aspecific chronic or acute inflammation (n = 4) and a reactive osteochondromatous lesion (n = 1). Laboratory infection parameters were not/only slightly raised and microbiologic cultures were negative in all patients. All tumors decreased in size within 1 month, in both patients with and without antibiotics. On physical examination the tumors disappeared within 6 months.ConclusionsThis study reports 14 young children with a rapidly growing sternal mass due to aseptic inflammation, that we named self‐limiting sternal tumor of childhood (SELSTOC). To prevent invasive diagnostic interventions and unnecessary treatment, we advocate a wait‐and‐see approach with close follow‐up in the first weeks. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2010;55:81–84. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Strategy for comprehensive identification of human N‐myristoylated proteins using an insect cell‐free protein synthesis system
Authors: Suzuki Takashi , Moriya Koko , Nagatoshi Kei , Ota Yoshinobu , Ezure Toru , Ando Eiji , Tsunasawa Susumu , Utsumi Toshihiko 
Published: March 2010

AbstractTo establish a strategy for the comprehensive identification of human N‐myristoylated proteins, the susceptibility of human cDNA clones to protein N‐myristoylation was evaluated by metabolic labeling and MS analyses of proteins expressed in an insect cell‐free protein synthesis system. One‐hundred‐and‐forty‐one cDNA clones with N‐terminal Met‐Gly motifs were selected as potential candidates from ∼2000 Kazusa ORFeome project human cDNA clones, and their susceptibility to protein N‐myristoylation was evaluated using fusion proteins, in which the N‐terminal ten amino acid residues were fused to an epitope‐tagged model protein. As a result, the products of 29 out of 141 cDNA clones were found to be effectively N‐myristoylated. The metabolic labeling experiments both in an insect cell‐free protein synthesis system and in the transfected COS‐1 cells using full‐length cDNA revealed that 27 out of 29 proteins were in fact N‐myristoylated. Database searches with these 27 cDNA clones revealed that 18 out of 27 proteins are novel N‐myristoylated proteins that have not been reported previously to be N‐myristoylated, indicating that this strategy is useful for the comprehensive identification of human N‐myristoylated proteins from human cDNA resources.
Preparation of isotactic‐rich poly(dimethyl vinylphosphonate) and poly(vinylphosphonic acid) via the anionic polymerization of dimethyl vinylphosphonate
Authors: Kawauchi Takehiro , Ohara Minori , Udo Masaru , Kawauchi Mariko , Takeichi Tsutomu 
Published: March 2010

AbstractA vinylphosphonate monomer, dimethyl vinylphosphonate (DMVP), has been polymerized by anionic initiators. Anionic polymerization of DMVP with tert‐butyllithium (t‐BuLi) in combination with a Lewis acid, tributylaluminum (n‐Bu3Al), in toluene proceeded smoothly to give an isotactic‐rich poly(dimethyl vinylphosphonate) (PDMVP) with relatively narrow molecular weight distribution. Although all the PDMVPs were soluble in water, the isotactic‐rich PDMVP was insoluble in acetone and in chloroform which are good solvents for an atactic PDMVP prepared by radical polymerization. The isotactic‐rich PDMVP showed higher thermal property than that of the atactic PDMVP. Moreover, we successfully prepared poly(vinylphosphonic acid) (PVPA) through the hydrolysis of the isotactic‐rich PDMVP, which formed a highly transparent, self‐standing film. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 48: 1677–1682, 2010
Effect of conjugated core building block dibenzo[a,c]phenazine unit on π‐conjugated electrochromic polymers: Red‐shifted absorption
Authors: Unver Elif Kose , Tarkuc Simge , Udum Yasemin Arslan , Tanyeli Cihangir , Toppare Levent 
Published: March 2010

AbstractA comparative investigation was undertaken for the electrosynthesis and electrochemical properties of three different electroactive polymers having a conjugated core building block, dibenzo[a,c]phenazine. A series of monomers has been synthesized as regards to thiophene based units; thiophene, 3‐hexyl thiophene, and 3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene. The effects of different donor substituents on the polymers' electrochemical properties were examined by cyclic voltammetry. Introducing highly electron‐donating (ethylene dioxy) group to the monomer enables solubility while also lowering the oxidation potential. The planarity of the monomer unit enhances π‐stacking and consequently lowering the Eg from 2.4 eV (PHTP) to 1.7 (PTBP). Cyclic voltammetry and spectroelectrochemical measurements revealed that 2,7‐bis(4‐hexylthiophen‐2‐yl)dibenzo[a,c]phenazine (HTP) and 2,7‐bis(2,3‐dihydrothieno[3,4‐b][1,4]dioxin‐5‐yl)dibenzo[a,c]phenazine (TBP) possessed electrochromic behavior. The colorimetry analysis revealed that while PTBP have a color change from red to blue, PHTP has yellow color at neutral state and blue color at oxidized state. Hence the presence of the phenazine derivative as the acceptor unit causes a red shift in the polymers' absorption to have a blue color. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 48: 1714–1720, 2010
Synthesis and characterization of ionic conducting sulfonated polybenzimidazoles
Authors: Jouanneau Julien , Gonon Laurent , Gebel Gérard , Martin Vincent , Mercier Régis 
Published: March 2010

AbstractBy copolymerization of the disodium‐2,2′‐disulfonate‐4,4′‐oxydibenzoic acid (SODBA), the 4,4′‐oxybis(benzoic acid) (OBBA) with the bis 3,4‐(diaminophenyl)sulfone (BDAPS), a series of high molecular weight sulfonated polybenzimidazoles (sPBI) were prepared by varying the ratio of monomers SODBA/OBBA. Polymers with ion exchange capacity (IEC) ranging from 0 to 3.2 meqH+/g were obtained. The chemical structure of the sPBI was confirmed by NMR, Fourier‐transform infra‐red (FTIR). Although the sPBI display a very poor solubility in organic solvents, they are, in the ammonium salt form, soluble in polar aprotic solvents such as DMF, NMP, or DMSO. Tough and ductile membranes from solution casting method were prepared. The water uptake and the ionic conductivity were determined at 30 and 90 °C. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 48: 1732–1742, 2010
A facile strategy to modify TiO2 nanoparticles via surface‐initiated ATRP of styrene
Authors: Wang Wenping , Cao Hengming , Zhu Guojun , Wang Peng 
Published: March 2010

AbstractA core‐shell hybrid nanocomposites, possessing a hard core of nano titanium dioxide (n‐TiO2) and a soft shell of brushlike polystyrene (PS), were successfully prepared by surface‐initiated atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) at 90 °C in anisole solution using CuBr/PMDETA as the catalyst, in the presence of sacrificial initiator. FTIR, 1H NMR, XPS, TEM, SEM, TGA, and DSC were used to determine the chemical structure, morphology, thermal properties, and the grafted PS quantities of the resulting products. TEM images of the samples provided direct evidence for the formation of a core‐shell structure. The thermal stabilities of the grafted polymers were dramatically elevated relative to that of pristine PS according to TGA results. DSC results demonstrated that the TiO2‐PS nanocomposites exhibited higher glass transition temperature (Tg) compared with pristine PS. The molecular weights of the free polymers formed by sacrificial initiator, which were similar to that of surface‐attached polymers were measured by GPC instrument which showed that the molecular weights of PS were well controlled with a relatively narrow polydispersity index (PDI < 1.2). © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 48: 1782–1790, 2010
Facile electrochemical preparation of poly(9,9‐dichlorofluorene), a new polyfluorene derivative as green light emitter
Authors: Nie Guangming , Guo Qingfu , Wang Song , Zhang Shusheng 
Published: March 2010

AbstractHigh‐quality poly(9,9‐dichlorofluorene) (PDCF), a new part soluble polyfluorene derivative, was easily synthesized electrochemically by direct anodic oxidation of 9,9‐dichlorofluorene (DCF) in boron trifluoride diethyl etherate (BFEE) containing 15% (by volume) trifluoroacetic acid (TFA). It was hard for DCF to deposit on the electrode in neutral solvents such as CH3CN system. This methodology may help promotion of researches to reveal unknown properties and applications of polyfluorene materials. PDCF films with conductivity of 3.3 × 10−2 S cm−1 obtained from this media show good redox activity and thermal stability. The structure and morphology of the polymer were studied by UV–vis, FTIR, 1H NMR spectra, and scanning electron microscopy, respectively. The results of quantum chemistry calculations and the spectroscopies of dedoped PDCF indicate that the polymerization of DCF mainly occurs via C(2) and C(7) position. Fluorescent spectral studies indicate that PDCF film with high fluorescence quantum yields and photochemical stability is a novel green light emitter. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 48: 1791–1799, 2010
Immobilization of capsaicin onto silica nanoparticle surface and stimulus properties of the capsaicin‐immobilized silica
Authors: Yamauchi Takeshi , Saitoh Tomoya , Shirai Kumi , Fujiki Kazuhiro , Tsubokawa Norio 
Published: March 2010

AbstractTo prepare silica nanoparticle having biorepellent activity, the immobilization of capsaicin onto hyperbranched poly(amidoamine) (PAMAM)‐grafted silica was investigated. Grafting of PAMAM onto a silica surface was achieved in a solvent‐free dry system using PAMAM dendrimer synthesis methodology. The immobilization of capsaicin was achieved by the reaction of hydroxyl groups of capsaicin with isocyanate groups of Silica‐PAMAM, which were introduced by the reaction of terminal amino groups of Silica‐PAMAM with hexamethylene diisocyanate. The immobilization of capsaicin was confirmed by thermal decomposition GC‐MS. The amount of capsaicin immobilized onto PAMAM‐grafted silica was determined to be 0.10 mmol/g. Capsaicin‐immobilized Silica‐PAMAM (Silica‐PAMAM‐Cap) was dispersed uniformly in water and Tyrode solution. Stimulus activity of Silica‐PAMAM‐Cap was estimated using two stimulus tests, that is a magnus test and a paw licking test, to sensory nerve of mice. As the result of magnus test, it was found that the Silica‐PAMAM‐Cap shows stimulus activity. It was found that elution of capsaicin could be depressed by immobilizing capsaicin onto Silica‐PAMAM from the result of paw licking test. In addition, the stimulus property of Silica‐PAMAM‐Cap to the human skin could be observed and it was found that Silica‐PAMAM‐Cap had acrid taste. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 48: 1800–1805, 2010
New colorless substrates based on polynorbornene‐chlorinated polyimide copolymers and their application for flexible displays
Authors: Choi Myeon‐Cheon , Hwang Jae‐Chul , Kim Chiwan , Ando Shinji , Ha Chang‐Sik 
Published: March 2010

AbstractNovel polynorbornene (PNB)‐polyimide (PI) copolymers were synthesized based on poly(N‐phenyl‐exo‐norbornene‐5,6‐dicarboximide) (PPhNI) and chlorinated PI (BPDA/TCDB). Polynorbornene copolymers (PNCs) with diverse compositions of anhydride were synthesized via ring opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) of N‐phenyl‐exo‐norbornene‐5,6‐dicarboximide (PhNI) and exo‐7‐oxanorbornene‐5,6‐dicarboxylic anhydride(exo‐NA), followed by copolymerization through a reaction with aromatic dianhydride (3,3′,4,4′‐biphenyltetra‐carboxylic dianhydride, BPDA) and tetrachlorinated diamine (2,2′,5,5′‐tetrachlorobenzidine, TCDB). The copolymer (PNIC) films exhibited good optical transparency with a transmittance of around 70% at 400 nm and a good thermal stability with a glass transition temperature at 276–300 °C. These flexible films also resisted most organic solvents and chemicals, such as methanol, acetone, tetrahydrofuran, N‐methylpyrrolidone, ethyl acetate, hydrochloric acid, sodium hydroxide, and hydrogen peroxide, etc. Indium tin oxide (ITO) coated thin films were prepared at various substrate deposition temperatures with a radio frequency (r.f.) planar magnetron sputtering system. The ITO thin films that were deposited onto the PNIC copolymer substrates had good electrical and optical properties. An organic light‐emitting device (OLED) was fabricated using the PNIC copolymer substrate with a structure of PNIC08/ ITO (anode)/hole‐transporting layer (HTL)/emitting & electron‐transporting layer (EM&ETL)/aluminum (cathode). The flexible OLED fabricated on the ITO‐grown PNIC substrate exhibited a performance that was comparable to corresponding ITO‐grown glass substrates. Therefore, the ITO‐grown PNIC substrate could possibly be a promising candidate as a substrate for flexible displays. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 48: 1806–1814, 2010
Combination of transition metal carbonyls and silanes: New photoinitiating systems
Authors: Tehfe Mohamad‐Ali , Lalevée Jacques , Gigmes Didier , Fouassier Jean Pierre 
Published: March 2010

AbstractThe recently developed silyl radical chemistry is used in combination with transition metal carbonyls MC (dimanganese(0) decacarbonyl; dirhenium decacarbonyl; cyclopentadienyl iron(II) dicarbonyl dimer) for both free radical promoted cationic photopolymerization (FRPCP) and free radical photopolymerization (FRP). The newly developed photoinitiating systems (MC/silane and MC/silane/iodonium salt) are highly efficient under air. Photopolymerization profiles obtained upon a visible light irradiation delivered by a xenon lamp show that high conversion can be easily achieved after a 400 s exposure. Sunlight irradiations under air can also lead to tack free coatings. The processes associated with the metal carbonyl radical/silane interactions are investigated by Laser Flash Photolysis (LFP) and ESR‐Spin Trapping (ESR‐ST) experiments. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 48: 1830–1837, 2010
Valero–McKee refinery propane release and fire
Authors: Holmstrom Donald , Lay James , Banks Johnnie , Kaszniak Mark , MacKenzie Cheryl , Parasram Vidisha 
Published: March 2010

AbstractOn February 16, 2007 a massive propane release occurred at the Propane Deasphalting Unit (PDA) of the Valero–McKee Refinery near Sunray, Texas. The resulting vapor cloud ignited, burning four workers, destroying the PDA, and causing significant knock‐on damage to adjacent pipe racks and equipment.The US Chemical Safety and Hazard Investigation Board (CSB) investigation determined that water trapped in a piping dead‐leg froze during cold weather, cracking a 10″ diameter liquid propane line, and causing the initial release when warmer weather returned. The CSB identified dead‐leg identification and management, freeze protection, emergency isolation capability, and structural steel fire protection as key issues contributing to the incident.Two near‐misses were associated with this incident; the release of over 2.5 tons of chlorine from containers adjacent to the PDA, and the inability of workers to access manual deluge valves protecting a nearby LPG storage sphere, which was impacted by the fire.The CSB made recommendations to Valero, the American Petroleum Institute, the McKee Refinery, and the United Steelworkers and their local. © 2010 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Process Saf Prog 2010
Irradiation‐induced defects in InN and GaN studied with positron annihilation
Authors: Reurings Floris , Tuomisto Filip , Egger Werner , Löwe Benjamin , Ravelli Luca , Sojak Stanislav , Liliental‐Weber Zuzanna , Jones Rebecca E. , Yu Kin M. , Walukiewicz Wladek , Schaff William J. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractWe use positron annihilation to study 2‐MeV 4He+ irradiated and subsequently rapid‐thermal‐annealed InN grown by molecular‐beam epitaxy and GaN grown by metal‐organic chemical‐vapour deposition. The irradiation fluences were in the range 5 × 1014–2 × 1016 cm−2. In vacancies are introduced in the irradiation at a low rate of 100 cm−1, with their concentration saturating in the mid‐1017 cm−3 range at an irradiation fluence of 2 × 1015 cm−2. The annealing, performed at temperatures between 425 and 475 °C, is observed to result in an inhomogeneous redistribution of the In vacancies. The behaviour is opposite to GaN, where Ga vacancies are introduced at a much higher rate of 3600 cm−1 showing no detectable saturation. About half of the Ga vacancies are found to recover in the annealing, in agreement with previous studies, while the remaining Ga vacancies undergo no spatial redistribution.
The effects of concentration on the electronic and optical properties in CdxZn1−xS ternary alloys
Authors: Korozlu N. , Colakoglu K. , Deligoz E. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractThe structural, electronic and optical properties of CdxZn1−xS alloys have been studied using the first‐principles plane‐wave pseudopotential (PP) method within the local‐density approximations (LDAs). The effects of composition on lattice constants, bulk modulus, band gap, dielectric functions, refractive index, extinction coefficient and energy loss function are investigated. It has been found that the lattice constants and bulk modulus change as almost linear for these alloys. Calculated electronic structure and density of states (DOS) of CdxZn1−xS alloys are discussed in terms of the contribution of Zn d, Cd d and p and S s and p states. Our results agree well with the available data in the literature.
Nanostructures by diffraction mask projection laser ablation
Authors: Mäder Marisa , Höche Thomas , Gerlach Jürgen W. , Böhme Rico , Rauschenbach Bernd 
Published: March 2010

AbstractThe top‐down method diffraction mask projection laser ablation (DiMPLA) to produce large‐area substrate‐bound metal nanostructure matrices is discussed in detail. It involves phase mask projection and patterning of an ultra‐thin metal film. Investigations concerning the patterning process and parameter frontiers are presented along with results of different materials patterned with DiMPLA. The material combination of thin film and substrate used most is investigated precisely allowing conclusions about the structure formation process as well as possible applications. Presented possible applications include three different PVD techniques for templated nanostructure growth as well as first steps toward plasmonic applications of gold nanodot matrices. magnified image
Top view of a gold nanodot matrix on a sapphire substrate.
Influence of substrate and temperature on the shape of deposited Fe, Co, and FeCo nanoparticles
Authors: Rosellen Wolfgang , Kleinhans Christian , Hückelkamp Volker , Bulut Furkan , Kleibert Armin , Bansmann Joachim , Getzlaff Mathias 
Published: March 2010

AbstractIn situ scanning tunneling measurements have been carried out on mass‐filtered supported Fe, Co, and FeCo alloy nanoparticles with diameters between 4 and 14 nm. These nanoparticles are prepared from the gas phase using a continuously working cluster source and are subsequently deposited on bare W(110) and Ni(111)/W(110) surfaces. The size and the crystallographic structure before deposition are determined by high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), the height of the nanoparticles on the substrate by scanning tunneling microscopy (STM). Depending on the substrate the particles do not maintain their spherical shape after deposition. The melting at elevated temperatures results in an anisotropic elongation along the [001] direction of the W(110) substrate.STM illustration of large Co nanoparticles deposited on an atomically flat W(110)‐surface.magnified image
Displacive phase transition, structural stability, and mechanical properties of the ultra‐incompressible and hard MoN by first principles
Authors: Zhao Erjun , Wang Jinping , Wu Zhijian 
Published: March 2010

AbstractThe structural stability, electronic, and mechanical properties of MoN were investigated by use of the density functional theory. Nine structures were considered, i.e., hexagonal δ1‐MoN, δ2‐MoN, $\delta '_2$‐MoN, δ3‐MoN, δ4‐MoN, and wurtzite ZnS structures, cubic NaCl, zincblende, and CsCl structures. The calculated results indicated that δ3‐MoN is the ground state among the considered structures. The second‐order displacive phase transition has been found from δ3‐MoN to $\delta '_2$‐MoN with increase in pressure, in agreement with the experimental observation. $\delta '_2$‐MoN has the largest calculated bulk and shear moduli among the considered structures, followed by δ3‐MoN. The estimated hardness of $\delta '_2$‐MoN and δ3‐MoN is 34 and 29 GPa, respectively. Both of them are thermodynamically and mechanically stable. The compressibility along the c‐axis for both compounds is smaller than that for diamond and cubic boron nitride (c‐BN). The ideal strengths of $\delta '_2$‐MoN were discussed. magnified image
The stress–strain relationship for $\delta '_2$‐MoN shows that the ideal tensile strength of 107.0 GPa along the 〈0001〉 direction is very large, which might have potential technological and industrial applications.
Using density functional theory to rationalise the mass spectral fragmentation of maraviroc and its metabolites
Authors: Wright Patricia , Alex Alexander , Nyaruwata Tsitsi , Parsons Teresa , Pullen Frank 
Published: March 2010

AbstractTandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) is widely used for the identification of metabolites at all stages of the pharmaceutical discovery and development process. The assignment of ions in the product ion spectra can be time‐consuming and hence delay feedback of results that may influence the direction of a project. A deeper understanding of the processes involved in generation of the product ions formed via collision‐induced dissociation may allow development of chemically intelligent software to aid spectral interpretation. Current commercially available spectral interpretation software takes a mainly arithmetical approach resulting in extensive lists of numerically plausible ions, many of which may not be chemically feasible. In this study, high‐resolution MS/MS spectra were obtained for maraviroc and two of its synthetic metabolites, and structures for the product ions proposed. Density functional theory (DFT) based on in silico modelling was undertaken to investigate whether the fragmentation observed was potentially a result of bond lengthening (and hence weakening) as a consequence of protonation of the molecule at the most thermodynamically stable site(s). It was determined that for all three compounds, where the product ions resulted from simple bond cleavages (not rearrangements), the bonds that cleaved had been calculated to elongate after protonation. It was also noted that the protonated molecule may represent a mixture of singly charged protonated species and that the most basic sites in the molecule may not necessarily be the most thermodynamically stable for protonation. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.