bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mesenchymal stem cells in the colorectal tumor microenvironment: Recent progress and implications
Authors: Hogan Niamh M. , Dwyer Roisin M. , Joyce Myles R. , Kerin Michael J. 
Published: January 2012

AbstractMesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are nonhematopoietic multipotent adult stem cells. They have been shown to have a natural tropism for many tumors types, including colorectal, and are capable of escaping host immune surveillance. MSCs are known to engraft at tumors and integrate into their architecture, potentially as carcinoma‐associated fibroblasts. In contrast with other malignancies, our understanding of the interactions between colorectal cancer cells and MSCs remains limited. Considering the established importance of inflammation in the colorectal cancer primary tumor microenvironment and the role of stromal cells in this process, there is a potential wealth of information to be gleaned from further investigation of interactions between these cell populations. Epithelial–mesenchymal transition is central to colorectal cancer progression and MSCs have also been implicated in this process. This review explores the current knowledge (both in vitro and in vivo) of interactions between colorectal cancer cells and MSCs. It highlights potential effects of cell source, number and ratio on outcome of in vivo studies and explores strategies to more accurately explore their role in the primary tumor microenvironment. As our understanding of the underlying molecular processes in colorectal cancer develops, elucidation of these interactions will be central to development of novel therapeutic strategies for this prevalent disease.
Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane and risk of hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Persson E. Christina , Graubard Barry I. , Evans Alison A. , London W. Thomas , Weber Jean‐Philippe , LeBlanc Alain , Chen Gang , Lin Wenyao , McGlynn Katherine A. 
Published: January 2012

AbstractDichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (p,p′‐DDT), an organochlorine pesticide known to have deleterious health effects in humans, has been linked to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in rodents. A recent study has reported that p,p′‐DDT and its most persistent metabolite, dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (p,p′‐DDE), may also be associated with HCC in humans. To examine whether there is an association between p,p′‐DDT and/or p,p′‐DDE in a population at high‐risk of developing HCC, a nested case–control study was conducted within the 83,794 person Haimen City Cohort in China. Sera and questionnaire data were collected from all participants between 1992 and 1993. This study included 473 persons who developed HCC and 492 who did not, frequency matched on sex, age and area of residence. p,p′‐DDT and p,p′‐DDE levels were determined by mass spectrometry. Hepatitis B viral infection status (based on hepatitis B virus surface antigen; HBsAg) was also determined. p,p′‐DDT and/or p,p′‐DDE serum levels were significantly associated with sex, area of residence, occupation, alcohol consumption and cigarette smoking. Adjusting for age, sex, area of residence, HBsAg, family history of HCC, history of acute hepatitis, smoking, alcohol, occupation (farmer vs. other) and levels of p,p′‐DDT or p,p′‐DDE, odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated via unconditional logistic regression. Overall, the highest quintile of p,p′‐DDT was associated with an increased risk of HCC, OR = 2.96 95% CI; 1.19–7.40. There were no statistically significant associations with p,p′‐DDE. Overall, these results suggest that recent exposure to p,p′‐DDT may increase risk of HCC.
Effect of dental tissue conditioners and matrix metalloproteinase inhibitors on type I collagen microstructure analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy
Authors: Botta Sergio B. , Ana Patricia A. , Santos Moises O. , Zezell Denise M. , Matos Adriana B. 
Published: January 2012

AbstractThis study aimed to evaluate the chemical interaction of collagen with some substances usually applied in dental treatments to increase the durability of adhesive restorations to dentin. Initially, the similarity between human dentin collagen and type I collagen obtained from commercial bovine membranes of Achilles deep tendon was compared by the Attenuated Total Reflectance technique of Fourier Transform Infrared (ATR‐FTIR) spectroscopy. Finally, the effects of application of 35% phosphoric acid, 0.1M ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), 2% chlorhexidine, and 6.5% proanthocyanidin solution on microstructure of collagen and in the integrity of its triple helix were also evaluated by ATR‐FTIR. It was observed that the commercial type I collagen can be used as an efficient substitute for demineralized human dentin in studies that use spectroscopy analysis. The 35% phosphoric acid significantly altered the organic content of amides, proline and hydroxyproline of type I collagen. The surface treatment with 0.1M EDTA, 2% chlorhexidine, or 6.5% proanthocyanidin did not promote deleterious structural changes to the collagen triple helix. The application of 6.5% proanthocyanidin on collagen promoted hydrogen bond formation. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2012.
Comparison of V‐Loc™ 180 wound closure device and Quill™ PDO knotless tissue‐closure device for intradermal closure in a porcine in vivo model: Evaluation of biomechanical wound strength
Authors: Gingras Kristen , Zaruby Jeffrey , Maul Don 
Published: January 2012

AbstractObjective:The objective of this study was to compare the biomechanical strength of two barbed suture devices: V‐Loc™ 180 Wound Closure Device and Quill™ PDO Knotless Tissue‐Closure Device following primary cosmetic skin closures in a porcine dermal model.Method:This prospective randomized, controlled in vivo trial compared size 3/0 V‐Loc™ 180 device to size 2/0 Quill™ PDO device. Both products were tested for dermal closure in adult porcine models and evaluated at five timepoints. At postoperative days 0, 3, 7, 14, and 28 sutured tissue regions were excised post mortem and tested for intradermal wound holding strength.Results:Wounds closed with V‐Loc™ 180 device were stronger than Quill™ PDO device at days 0, 3, 7, and 14 with these differences being significant (p < 0.05) at days 3 and 7. At day 3, the average maximum load of V‐Loc™ 180 was 13.53 kgf and Quill™ PDO was 10.38 kgf (p = 0.002). At day 7, the average maximum load of V‐Loc™ 180 was 10.4 kgf and Quill™ PDO was 7.56 kgf (p = 0.001). Throughout the duration of the study, there was no suture extrusion or tissue distortion and all wounds healed with no major complications.Conclusions:In this study, V‐Loc™ 180 device was significantly stronger than Quill™ PDO device during the critical phases of wound healing in skin. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2012.
Removal of ethyl acetate, n‐hexane and toluene from waste air in a membrane bioreactor under continuous and intermittent feeding conditions
Authors: Álvarez‐Hornos F. Javier , Volckaert Diëgo , Heynderickx Philippe M. , Van Langenhove Herman 
Published: January 2012

AbstractBACKGROUND: European Union environmental policy has focused on abatement of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from industrial emissions, and new European VOC emission limits have been established. This study analyzes the performance of a composite membrane bioreactor treating air stream contaminated with ethyl acetate, n‐hexane and toluene under continuous and intermittent feeding conditions.RESULTS: The system was operated under continuous feeding conditions: removal efficiencies (REs) higher than 99% were obtained for inlet loads up to 200 g m−3 h−1 and empty bed residence times (EBRTs) as short as 15 s for ethyl acetate. A maximum elimination capacity of 75 g m−3 h−1 (RE ∼66%) at an EBRT of 60 s was obtained for toluene. The system was unable to degrade n‐hexane when a 1:1:1 ethyl acetate:n‐hexane:toluene was supplied. Intermittent feeding with pollutants supplied for 16 h day−1, 5 days week−1, did not significantly affect the system performance. CO2 production recovered within 1‐2 h and 12 h after night and a weekend closures, respectively.CONCLUSIONS: The membrane bioreactor has been shown to be effective for controlling air emissions and this study illustrated the capacity of the system to handle intermittent feeding conditions that are common in industrial practices. Copyright © 2012 Society of Chemical Industry
Enzyme–magnetic nanoparticle hybrids: new effective catalysts for the production of high value chemicals
Authors: Yiu Humphrey H. P. , Keane Mark A. 
Published: January 2012

AbstractMagnetic nanoparticles (5–100 nm in diameter) offer the science community a new dimension in many key areas of research, notably nano‐medicine. However, use as catalyst support material (including enzyme immobilization) has largely been overlooked despite the benefits of a facile catalyst separation post‐reaction with reuse through the application of an external magnetic field. This is largely due to the high cost associated with magnetic nanoparticle synthesis in addition to enzyme operating costs. This can, however, be compensated for by effective catalyst recycling in the production of high value chemicals, particularly chiral drugs and their intermediates, circumventing laborious multi‐stage separation and purification procedures in conventional synthesis. Indeed, enzymes (such as lipase) on magnetic carriers have shown prolonged activity in organic solvents, even after recycling, when compared with free enzymes. Further developments can be directed at multi‐functional magnetic nanoparticles with the creation of a reactant‐specific micro‐environment to facilitate multi‐stepped reactions. The potential of enzyme‐magnetic nanoparticle hybrids is discussed and applications in the synthesis of fine chemicals, including precursors for drugs, are identified. Copyright © 2012 Society of Chemical Industry
Thalamic volume measurement in normal fetuses using three‐dimensional sonography
Authors: Sotiriadis Alexandros , Dimitrakopoulos Ioannis , Eleftheriades Makarios , Agorastos Theodoros , Makrydimas George 
Published: January 2012

AbstractPurpose.Brain thalami are important for a wide range of sensorimotor and neuropsychiatric functions. This study was carried out to calculate normative values for thalami volume during fetal life.Methods.Fetal thalami volumes were measured using 3D ultrasound in 122 normal, singleton fetuses at 20+0–34+6 weeks' gestation. Virtual Organ Computer‐aided AnaLysis (VOCAL) was used to obtain a sequence of six sections of each thalamus, starting from the transthalamic view of the brain at an axial plane. Thalamic contour was drawn manually. Volume contrast imaging was used to enhance image quality when needed. The volume of the thalamus distal to the transducer was also measured by a second operator in 30 randomly selected cases, blind to the measurements of the first, to calculate interobserver agreement.Results.Thalamic volume increased with gestational age, following a quadratic equation (R2 = 0.83). There was no significant difference in volume between the right and left thalamus. The mean volume of each thalamus increased from 0.45 ml at 20+0 weeks, to 1.39 ml at 28+0 weeks, to 2.17 ml at 34+0 weeks. The 95% limits of interobserver agreement for thalamic volume were −14.3% to +17.2%.Conclusions.The increase in thalamic volume with gestation can be described adequately by a quadratic equation. The moderate interobserver repeatability is attributed to the similar echogenicity between the thalamus and its surrounding structures. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound, 2012
Effect of supplementing compost with grapeseed meal on Agaricus bisporus production
Authors: Pardo‐Giménez Arturo , Zied Diego C , Álvarez‐Ortí Manuel , Rubio Manuela , Pardo Jose E 
Published: January 2012

AbstractBACKGROUND: This work assesses the agronomic performance of grapeseed meal, before and after oil extraction, in nutritional compost supplement when growing the mushroom species Agaricus bisporus (Lange) Imbach. The effect of formaldehyde treatment before using this compost is also considered. Materials were applied at different doses at spawning. Along with non‐supplemented compost, three commercial nutritional supplements were used as controls.RESULTS: In general terms, grapeseed meal performance was similar to that of commercial delayed‐release nutrients, but improved the non‐supplemented compost response. We highlight that grapeseed enhances performance as larger yields of harvested mushrooms were obtained with greater dry weight content; however, their protein content was lower. The best performance was displayed by fresh formaldehyde‐treated grapeseed (6000 ppm) when applied to the 10 g kg−1 compost dose.CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that grapeseed meal offers a great potential to be applied on a commercial scale. The addition of grapeseed resulted in an enhanced performance as shown by the higher number of harvested mushrooms. The use of grapeseed meal (extracted or non‐extracted), a low‐cost ingredient with high levels of carbohydrates, may suppose an economic profit on the basis of the positive effect of adding carbon in the mushroom cultivation. Copyright © 2012 Society of Chemical Industry
Eri silkworm: a source of edible oil with a high content of α‐linolenic acid and of significant nutritional value
Authors: Longvah Thingnganing , Manghtya Korra , Qadri Syed S Y H 
Published: January 2012

AbstractBACKGROUND: The study was undertaken to provide value addition to spent eri silkworm as an alternative source of edible oil for the food and feed industry by carrying out a short‐term nutritional and toxicological evaluation of eri silkworm pupae oil using Wistar NIN rats.RESULTS: Growth performance of rats fed either sunflower oil (Control) or eri silkworm pupae oil (Experimental) was comparable. Histopathological examination of the various tissues showed no signs of toxicity even after feeding the eri silkworm oil for 18 weeks. Serum cholesterol and triglyceride was significantly reduced (P < 0.05) while high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol was significantly increased (P < 0.05) which is attributed to the high α‐linolenic acid content of eri silkworm oil.CONCLUSION: The study showed that eri silkworm pupae oil is safe and nutritionally equivalent to commonly used vegetable oils. Eri silkworm pupae can be harvested to provide a cost effective alternative edible oil that can be used to nutritional advantage in the food and feed industry. Therefore eri silkworm and its host plants offer an excellent example of multiple product crops and of sustainable agricultural practice with excellent opportunity for economic and nutritional benefits. Copyright © 2012 Society of Chemical Industry
The Naked‐Eye Detection of NH3–HCl by Polyaniline‐Infiltrated TiO2 Inverse Opal Photonic Crystals
Authors: Liu Cihui , Gao Guizhi , Zhang Yuqi , Wang Libin , Wang Jingxia , Song Yanlin 
Published: January 2012

AbstractA reversible color change of a polyaniline‐infiltrated TiO2 inverse opal photonic crystal (PC) film can be obtained when the PC is switched from an acidic to alkali vapor environment. In a saturated NH3 environment, the stopband of the as‐prepared PCs changes from 556 to 688 nm; such large shift of 132 nm could be observed, corresponding to a clear color change from green to red. After placing in HCl vapor, the stopband undergoes a blue‐shift and the color turns back to green. The result is ascribed to PANI being doped or dedoped by acid or base and the effective refractive index of the PC film varying accordingly. The naked‐eye detection of NH3 and HCl vapors can be realized by the reversible color change of the PC film, which is of importance for chemical and biological sensors.
Metallo‐Supramolecular Materials Based on Amine‐Grafting Onto Polypentafluorostyrene
Authors: Ott Christina , Ulbricht Christoph , Hoogenboom Richard , Schubert Ulrich S. 
Published: January 2012

AbstractThe post‐modification of polypentafluorostyrene via the selective substitution of the para‐ fluorine by amine‐functionalized molecules represents a versatile method for the preparation of functional materials. This communication presents the extension of this synthetic approach towards metallosupramolecular materials. First, the incorporation of terpyridines as metallo‐supramolecular binding motifs is demonstrated, which enables the formation of a supramolecular crosslinked gel upon the addition of Fe(II) ions. Second, the linkage of phosphorescent iridium(III) complexes is reported yielding a copolymer that combines the excellent photophysical properties of the iridium(III) complex and the good solubility and processability of the polymer.
Polymorphisms in the potential functional regions of the TGF‐β 1 and TGF‐β receptor genes and disease susceptibility in HBV‐related hepatocellular carcinoma patients
Authors: Xin Zhenhui , Zhang Wei , Xu Aiqiang , Zhang Li , Yan Tao , Li Zhuo , Wu Xiaopan , Zhu Xilin , Ma Juan , Li Ke , Li Hui , Liu Ying 
Published: January 2012

AbstractHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a disease of multiple etiologies caused by the accumulation of genetic and epigenetic defects. Current evidence indicates that the transforming growth factor beta (TGF‐β) signaling pathway has a significant impact on different cellular process. Members of the TGF‐β superfamily (TGF‐β1, the type I TGF‐β receptor [TβRI], type II TGF‐β receptor [TβRII], and type III TGF‐β receptor]) play an important role in tumorigenesis. Numerous studies show that genetic polymorphisms in TGF‐β superfamily genes are associated with HCC in East Asian populations. We studied 16 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in four genes (TGF‐β1, TβRI, TβRII, and TβRIII) to examine their associations with hepatocarcinogenesis. A total of 1228 Chinese Han participants were enrolled in the study (881 control participants who were negative for all hepatitis B virus [HBV] serum markers and 347 case participants with HBV‐related HCC). Genotyping was conducted using the TaqMan method. The results showed that the frequency of the rs1805110 T allele was significantly higher in the case group than in the control group (P = 0.034). After stratification, the results for rs1805110 remained significant in male participants (P = 0.005), but there was no statistical difference in females. In males, the frequency of the C‐C‐G‐C‐A haplotype resulting from SNPs rs1805110, rs2810904, rs1805112, rs284878, and rs1804506 in TβRIII was significantly lower in the case group than in the control group (P = 0.001), whereas the reverse was true for the T‐C‐G‐C‐A haplotype (P = 0.036). We conclude that the rs1805110T allele is associated with susceptibility to HBV‐related HCC in males. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The enhancing effects of obesity on mammary tumor growth and Akt/mTOR pathway activation persist after weight loss and are reversed by RAD001
Authors: De Angel Rebecca E. , Conti Claudio J. , Wheatley Karrie E. , Brenner Andrew J. , Otto Glen , deGraffenried Linda A. , Hursting Stephen D. 
Published: January 2012

AbstractThe prevalence of obesity, an established risk and progression factor for postmenopausal breast cancer, remains high in US women. Activation of Akt/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling plays a key role in the obesity–breast cancer link. However, the impact of weight normalization in obese postmenopausal women on breast tumorigenesis and/or Akt/mTOR activation is poorly characterized. To model this, ovariectomized female C57BL/6 mice were fed a control diet (n = 20), a calorie restriction (CR) regimen (n = 20), or a diet‐induced obesity (DIO) diet (n = 30). At week 17, DIO mice were switched to control diet, resulting in formerly obese (FOb) mice with weights identical to the controls by week 20. MMTV‐Wnt‐1 mammary tumor cells were injected at 20 wk into each mouse. Two weeks post‐injection, vehicle or the mTOR inhibitor RAD001 at 10 or 15 mg/kg body weight (n = 10/diet group) was administered by gavage twice/week until termination. Relative to controls, CR mice had decreased (and DIO mice had increased) serum insulin‐like growth factor‐1 (IGF‐1) and phosphorylation of Akt/mTOR pathway components. RAD001 decreased tumor growth in the CR, control, and FOb mice. Wnt‐1 tumor cells treated in vitro with serum from mice from each group established that diet‐dependent circulating factors contribute to tumor growth and invasiveness. These findings suggest weight normalization in obese mice does not immediately reverse tumor progression or Akt/mTOR activation. Treatment with RAD001 blocked mammary tumor development and mTOR activation observed in the FOb mice, suggesting combination of lifestyle and pharmacologic strategies may be effective for breaking the obesity–breast cancer link. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Brain iron deposition fingerprints in Parkinson's disease and progressive supranuclear palsy
Authors: Boelmans Kai , Holst Brigitte , Hackius Marc , Finsterbusch Jürgen , Gerloff Christian , Fiehler Jens , Münchau Alexander 
Published: January 2012

AbstractIt can be difficult to clinically distinguish between classical Parkinson's disease (PD) and progressive supranuclear palsy. Previously, there have been no biomarkers that reliably allow this distinction to be made. We report that an abnormal brain iron accumulation is a marker for ongoing neurodegeneration in both conditions, but the conditions differ with respect to the anatomical distribution of these accumulations. We analyzed quantitative T2′ maps as markers of regional brain iron content from PD and progressive supranuclear palsy patients and compared them to age‐matched control subjects. T2‐weighted and T2*‐weighted images were acquired in 30 PD patients, 12 progressive supranuclear palsy patients, and 24 control subjects at 1.5 Tesla. Mean T2′ values were determined in regions‐of‐interest in the basal ganglia, thalamus, and white matter within each hemisphere. The main findings were shortened T2′ values in the caudate nucleus, globus pallidus, and putamen in progressive supranuclear palsy compared to PD patients and controls. A stepwise linear discriminant analysis allowed progressive supranuclear palsy patients to be distinguished from PD patients and the healthy controls. All progressive supranuclear palsy patients were correctly classified. No progressive supranuclear palsy patient was classified as a healthy control, no healthy controls were incorrectly classified as having progressive supranuclear palsy, and only 6.7% of the PD patients were incorrectly classified as progressive supranuclear palsy. Regional decreases of T2′ relaxation times in parts of the basal ganglia reflecting increased brain iron load in these areas are characteristic for progressive supranuclear palsy but not PD patients. © 2012 Movement Disorder Society
Objective verification of World Area Forecast Centre clear air turbulence forecasts
Authors: Gill Philip G. 
Published: January 2012

ABSTRACTThe two World Area Forecast Centres (WAFC) are responsible for providing aviation hazard forecasts above 800 hPa (6000 ft) including clear air turbulence (CAT) to aviation customers around the world. A new automated gridded forecast for CAT is now being produced by the two WAFCs along with the traditional forecaster‐produced Significant Weather (SIGWX) charts. Until now little objective verification has been available for the WAFC products. However, the increasing availability of high‐resolution in situ aircraft observations now makes routine objective verification a possibility. The Global Aircraft Data Set (GADS) formed from the fleet of British Airways Boeing 747–400 aircraft is a particularly useful resource. This paper proposes an objective verification scheme using Relative Operating Characteristic analysis to investigate the skill in both the operational SIGWX and new gridded CAT forecasts from both WAFC London and WAFC Washington. Global verification results using GADS data are presented for 4 months during winter November 2008 to February 2009.