bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mapping analytical methods between input–output economics and network science
Authors: An Pengli , Qu Shen , Yu Ke , Xu Ming 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe input–output (IO) model can be used to examine the flow of products and services within an economy, resembling a network with industries as nodes and transactions as links. Diverging significantly from commonly studied networks such as social, protein, and power grids, IO networks exhibit intricate interconnectivity, involving weighted nodes and both directional and weighted links. This uniqueness necessitates careful consideration when applying complex network analysis techniques to IO systems. We critically review current complex network metrics and attempt to link them with existing IO approaches. Based on our assessment, certain network metrics, such as degree centrality and eigenvector centrality, have been explicitly integrated into the IO theory. In contrast, there exist metrics whose definitions and interpretations expand when applied in the context of IO analysis, including closeness and betweenness centrality. Additionally, network metrics are usually used to study topological features, identify key sectors, and construct novel metrics to study related issues. Network metrics used in IO analysis can identify important driver and transmission sectors in resource flow and environmental emission network, facilitating the development of targeted and reliable strategies. Besides, network metrics are used to quantify topological features and structural changes of the IO network which help strengthen the supply chain and mitigate both direct and indirect impacts of disruptions. Our ultimate goal is to establish connections and offer a roadmap for developing network‐based tools in IO analysis.
Does a participatory live music practice support nurses to deliver compassionate care to hospitalised patients? A qualitative study
Authors: van den Berg Nina M. , Paans Wolter , Schroevers Maya J. , van der Wal‐Huisman Hanneke , van Leeuwen Barbara L. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAimTo gain more insight into how nurses experience a participatory live music practice in relation to their ability to deliver compassionate care to medically hospitalised patients.DesignQualitative interpretive design.MethodsSixteen nurses participating in a live music practice with patients were interviewed using in‐depth interviews with open‐ended questions. Audio recordings were transcribed verbatim and subsequently coded. Theory‐driven inductive and deductive approaches were applied in thematic data analysis.ResultsWe identified four themes: (1) Nurses' empathy and compassion; (2) The caring nurse–patient relationship; (3) Person‐centred approaches to care and (4) Nurses' subjective wellbeing. By observing patients' reactions to the music, nurses described that they obtained a deeper insight and understanding of patients' emotional wellbeing. These observations led to increased feelings of compassion in patient contact and stimulated informal communication between nurses and patients through a sense of shared humanity. According to nurses, these aspects positively affected collaboration with patients in delivering care and stimulated them to pursue person‐centred approaches to care. Participating in the live music practice also positively affected nurses' wellbeing, enhanced relaxation and created an ambiance in which compassion could be expressed.ConclusionA live music practice can positively contribute to the delivery of compassionate care by providing meaningful shared moments that increase feelings of empathy and compassion and strengthen the caring relationship.Implications for the professionOffering a live music practice at the ward and bedside offers a unique possibility to enhance engagement in person‐centred, compassionate care.ImpactWhile compassion and compassionate care are essential component of nursing, nurses often experience multiple barriers to its provision in daily practice. An innovative way to stimulate compassionate care is through the participation of nurses and patients in a live music practice, providing a meaningful moment shared between them. This stimulates feelings of shared humanity and bonding in the caring relationship.Reporting MethodThe COnsolidated criteria for REporting Qualitative research (COREQ). No Patient or Public Contribution.
Quantitative blood loss measurement methods for early detection of primary postpartum haemorrhage following vaginal birth: A scoping review
Authors: Wang Tong , Li Hong , Liu Ying , Min Xiongkuo 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAimTo map the commonly used quantitative blood loss measurement methods in clinical practice and provide a solid foundation for future studies.Design and MethodThis study adhered to the JBI methodology for scoping reviews and preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta‐analyses extension for scoping reviews. We conducted a literature search using five databases to retrieve articles published between January 2012 and September 2022. The search was repeated on 29 February 2024. Data extraction and verification were carried out by two independent researchers using a self‐designed data extraction form.ResultsUltimately, 26 studies published between 2012 and 2024 were considered eligible for inclusion. Six categories of methods were identified from the 26 articles. Among the included studies, only two involved randomized controlled trials, with the majority being observational studies. The World Health Organization (2012) version of the postpartum haemorrhage diagnostic criteria was predominantly used in most studies. Gravimetric and volumetric methods emerged as the most commonly used methods for quantifying postpartum haemorrhages. The timing of blood collection was inconsistent among the included studies. Only 12 studies mentioned measures for the management of amniotic fluid.ConclusionsThis scoping review supports the replacement of the visual estimation of blood loss with quantitative assessment methods. Supporting a specific assessment approach is not feasible due to the variability of the study. Future research should focus on establishing the best practices for specific quantitative methods to standardize the management of postpartum haemorrhage and reduce the incidence of postpartum haemorrhage‐related adverse outcomes.Relevance to Clinical PracticeHealthcare professionals need to acknowledge the low accuracy of visual estimation methods and implement quantitative methods to assess postpartum blood loss. Given the limitations inherent in each assessment method, quantification of blood loss should be combined with assessment of maternal vital signs, physiologic indicators and other factors.
Pre‐pregnancy body mass index and low birthweight: Secondary data analysis using health insurance claims data in Japan
Authors: Fukui Kana , Suto Maiko , Kaneko Kayoko , Isayama Tetsuya , Ito Yushi , Takehara Kenji 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAimFor women, being underweight increases their susceptibility to osteoporosis, anemia, and other conditions and affects the weight of their infants and the well‐being of future generations. This study examined the association between low pre‐pregnancy body mass index (BMI) and low birthweight using health insurance claims data and health checkup data, including weight measurements.MethodsWe used health insurance claims data and health checkup data (JMDC, Tokyo, Japan) of women and their newborns in Japan between 2006 and 2020. We used checkup data, which included more accurate weight measurements and blood test‐based diagnoses of anemia and hyperlipidemia compared to self‐reported data. Maternal pre‐pregnancy BMI was compared across three groups: underweight (BMI <18.5 kg/m2), normal weight (BMI 18.5–24.9 kg/m2), and overweight (BMI ≥25.0 kg/m2). The primary outcome was low birthweight (<2500 g), and secondary outcome was preterm childbirth. Logistic regression analyses were conducted to compare outcomes in the three groups by BMI. The underweight BMI group was considered as the reference group. A subgroup analysis was performed by maternal age.ResultsIn total, 16 363 mothers (underweight, 3418 [21%], normal weight, 11 493 [70%], and overweight, 1452 [8.9%]) were included. The risk of primary outcome (low birthweight) was significantly lower in the normal weight group than in the underweight group (4.6% vs. 5.7%; adjusted odds ratio 0.78 [95% confidence interval: 0.65–0.96]). In the subgroup analyses, no significant differences were noted in the incidences of low birthweight and preterm childbirth between maternal age groups.ConclusionsPre‐pregnancy BMI was associated with an increased risk of delivering low‐birthweight infant. Awareness about the importance of women's pre‐pregnancy health and appropriate BMI may reduce the incidence of low birthweight.
Reliability of an intraoral extension for intraoral palpation and assessment of mechanical sensitivity of the temporal tendon
Authors: Renner Nicole , Costa Yuri M. , Castrillon Eduardo E. , Exposto Fernando G. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe temporal tendon is a structure often compromised in patients suffering from temporomandibular disorders (TMD), yet its intraoral location makes a standardised assessment difficult.ObjectivesTo evaluate the variability and accuracy to target force of a newly designed intraoral extension for a palpometer device (Palpeter, Sunstar Suisse) when compared to manual palpation, in addition to clinically assessing the mechanical sensitivity and referred sensations of the temporal tendon in healthy individuals.MethodsExperiment 1: 12 individuals were asked to target on a scale 0.5, 1 and 2 kg, for 2 and 5 s by using five different methods (Palpeter, Palpeter with three different extension shapes and manual palpation). Experiment 2: 10 healthy participants were recruited for a randomised double‐blinded assessment by applying pressure of 0.5, 1 and 2 kg to the right temporal tendon with the three extensions and manual palpation. Participants rated the intensity of their sensation/pain on a 0–50–100 numeric rating scale (NRS), unpleasantness on a 0–100 NRS, and if present, they rated and drew the location of referred sensations. Repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used in both experiments to compare differences between palpation methods. Tukey's HSD tests were used for the post hoc comparisons, and p values below .05 were considered significant.ResultsExperiment 1: The extensions showed no significant differences between them regarding reliability and accuracy for all forces and durations (p > .05). The manual method was significantly less reliable and accurate when compared to the other methods (p < .05). Experiment 2: There were no significant differences between the Palpeter extensions regarding pain intensity or unpleasantness NRS scores (p > .05), but all the extensions had significantly increased pain intensity and unpleasantness when compared to manual palpation (p < .05). Similarly, the frequency of referred sensations was similar between extensions but increased when compared to manual palpation.ConclusionsThe new Palpeter extensions proved to be significantly more accurate and have lower test–retest variability than the manual method in a non‐clinical setting. Clinically, they showed no significant differences in NRS scores for pain intensity nor unpleasantness, with no major differences in referred sensations, making any of the extensions suitable for clinical testing of the temporal tendon in future studies.
Histological evaluation of osseointegration between conventional and novel bone‐level tapered implants in healed bone—A preclinical study
Authors: Imber Jean‐Claude , Roccuzzo Andrea , Irani Delia R. , Bellón Benjamin , Bosshardt Dieter D. , Sculean Anton , Pippenger Benjamin E. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAimsTo histologically compare osseointegration and crestal bone healing between newly introduced tapered, self‐cutting bone‐level test implants and tapered bone‐level control implants in sites with fully healed sites.MethodsSixty‐six implants (33 test, 33 control) were placed 1 mm subcrestally in a minipig model and underwent qualitative histologic and quantitative histometric analyses after 3, 6 and 12 weeks of submerged healing. The primary and secondary outcomes were the bone‐to‐implant contact (BIC) and first bone‐to‐implant contact (fBIC). Outcomes between the test and control implants were statistically compared.ResultsThe BIC values of the test implants were comparable and non‐inferior over the time points studied, except for the 12 weeks time point which showed statistically significantly higher BIC values of the test (88.07 ± 5.35%) compared to the control implants (80.88 ± 7.51%) (p = .010). Similarly comparable and non‐inferior were the fBIC values, except for the 6‐week outcome, which showed statistically higher values for the test (−546.5 ± 450.80 μm) compared to the control implants (−75.7 ± 100.59 μm). fBIC results for the test implants were qualitatively more stable and consistent between test time points.ConclusionNovel self‐cutting bone‐level test implants demonstrated superior osseointegration and similar bone levels compared to conventional bone‐level implants after a healing period of 12 weeks in healed ridges.
Medical students', residents', and nurses's feedback to clinical educators in Taiwan: A qualitative study
Authors: Jenq Chang‐Chyi , Lin Jiun‐Ren , Quattri Francesca , Monrouxe Lynn 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundFeedback is a crucial element in learning. While studies in the field of healthcare professions education have highlighted the process of educators feeding back to learners, relatively little investigation exists on learners feeding back to educators in Asian cultures. Studies show that recipients of effective feedback develop educational skills and reflective practice, but the process of giving feedback seems to have been mainly studied through surveys and questionnaires. Such research offers little to no insights on feedback providers' and recipients' experiences of feedback. To fill the gap, in the context of multi‐source feedback, we investigate medical students, residents, and nurses feedback giving to clinical educators (and their receiving of this) following a case presentation training course. We aim to understand the facilitators and inhibitors that encourage and/or prevent feedback provision alongside educators' uptake and reactions.MethodsWe used semi‐structured group interviews. Participants comprised five different categories of participants: year‐4 medical students (n = 6); residents (n = 5); nurses (n = 4); junior clinical educators (n = 9); senior clinical educators (n = 3). We asked them about their experiences of providing feedback to educators and educators receiving of feedback on their teaching. Group interviews were conducted in the largest healthcare institution in Taiwan. Data were analysed using thematic Framework Analysis and managed in ATLAS.ti 8.0.ResultsWe identified two major themes with respective sub‐themes: (1) Factors affecting feedback giving (including desire for improvement, feedback content, process of feedback, feedback fears, feedback prevention and medical hierarchy); and (2) Educators' reactions to receiving feedback (including validity of feedback, face‐saving and emotional reactions to receiving feedback).ConclusionsFeedback provision to educators on their teaching, and educators' receiving of this feedback in an Asian culture brings forth issues around medical hierarchy, in‐person feedback and face‐saving, which have important implications for effective and optimal delivery of feedback. Curricular developers should consider the context of feedback (e.g. anonymously online), facilitating students as active participants for the development of educational quality, and educators' mindful practice when engaging with student feedback.
Meal effects on gastric bioelectrical activity utilizing body surface gastric mapping in healthy subjects
Authors: Huang I‐Hsuan , Calder Stefan , Gharibans Armen A. , Schamberg Gabriel , Varghese Chris , Andrews Christopher N. , Tack Jan , O'Grady Greg 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundGastric sensorimotor disorders are prevalent. While gastric emptying measurements are commonly used, they may not fully capture the underlying pathophysiology. Body surface gastric mapping (BSGM) recently emerged to assess gastric sensorimotor dysfunction. This study assessed varying meal size on BSGM responses to inform test use in a wider variety of contexts.MethodsData from multiple healthy cohorts receiving BSGM were pooled, using four different test meals. A standard BSGM protocol was employed: 30‐min fasting, 4‐h post‐prandial, using Gastric Alimetry® (Alimetry, New Zealand). Meals comprised: (i) nutrient drink + oatmeal bar (482 kcal; ‘standard meal’); (ii) oatmeal bar alone; egg and toast meal, and pancake (all ~250 kcal). Gastric Alimetry metrics included BMI‐adjusted Amplitude, Principal Gastric Frequency, Gastric Alimetry Rhythm Index (GA‐RI) and Fed:Fasted Amplitude Ratio (ff‐AR).Key Results238 participants (59.2% female) were included. All meals significantly increased amplitude and frequency during the first postprandial hour (p < 0.05). There were no differences in postprandial frequency across meals (p > 0.05). The amplitude and GA‐RI of the standard meal (n = 110) were significantly higher than the energy bar alone (n = 45) and egg meal (n = 65) (all p < 0.05). All BSGM metrics were comparable across the three smaller meals (p > 0.05). A higher symptom burden was found in the oatmeal bar group versus the standard meal and pancake meal (p = 0.01, 0.003, respectively).Conclusions & InferencesThe consumption of lower calorie meals elicited different postprandial responses, when compared to the standard Gastric Alimetry meal. These data will guide interpretations of BSGM when applied with lower calorie meals.
Evaluation of different machine learning algorithms for extraction decision in orthodontic treatment
Authors: Köktürk Begüm , Pamukçu Hande , Gözüaçık Ömer 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIntroductionThe extraction decision significantly affects the treatment process and outcome. Therefore, it is crucial to make this decision with a more objective and standardized method. The objectives of this study were (1) to identify the best‐performing model among seven machine learning (ML) models, which will standardize the extraction decision and serve as a guide for inexperienced clinicians, and (2) to determine the important variables for the extraction decision.MethodsThis study included 1000 patients who received orthodontic treatment with or without extraction (500 extraction and 500 non‐extraction). The success criteria of the study were the decisions made by the four experienced orthodontists. Seven ML models were trained using 36 variables; including demographic information, cephalometric and model measurements. First, the extraction decision was performed, and then the extraction type was identified. Accuracy and area under the curve (AUC) of the receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve were used to measure the success of ML models.ResultsThe Stacking Classifier model, which consists of Gradient Boosted Trees, Support Vector Machine, and Random Forest models, showed the highest performance in extraction decision with 91.2% AUC. The most important features determining extraction decision were maxillary and mandibular arch length discrepancy, Wits Appraisal, and ANS‐Me length. Likewise, the Stacking Classifier showed the highest performance with 76.3% accuracy in extraction type decisions. The most important variables for the extraction type decision were mandibular arch length discrepancy, Class I molar relationship, cephalometric overbite, Wits Appraisal, and L1‐NB distance.ConclusionThe Stacking Classifier model exhibited the best performance for the extraction decision. While ML models showed a high performance in extraction decision, they could not able to achieve the same level of performance in extraction type decision.
Immune monitoring in pediatric kidney transplant
Authors: Laroche Camille , Engen Rachel M. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundLong‐term outcomes in pediatric kidney transplantation remain suboptimal, largely related to chronic rejection. Creatinine is a late marker of renal injury, and more sensitive, early markers of allograft injury are an active area of current research.MethodsThis is an educational review summarizing existing strategies for monitoring for rejection in kidney transplant recipients.ResultsWe summarize supporting currently available clinical tests, including surveillance biopsy, donor specific antibodies, and donor‐derived cell free DNA, as well as the potential limitations of these studies. In addition, we review the current avenues of active research, including transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, and torque tenovirus levels.ConclusionAdvancing the use of noninvasive immune monitoring will depend on well‐designed multicenter trials that include patients with stable graft function, include biopsy results on all patients, and can demonstrate both association with a patient‐relevant clinical endpoint such as graft survival or change in glomerular filtration rate and a potential timepoint for intervention.
Using machine learning techniques in inverse problems of acoustical oceanography
Authors: Smaragdakis Costas , Taroudaki Viktoria , Taroudakis Michael I. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe goal of the work presented here is to study a novel approach for inverting acoustic signals recorded in the marine environment for the estimation of environmental parameters of the water column and/or the seabed. The proposed approach is based on signal feature extraction using a discrete wavelet packet transform, applied to the measured signal, and hidden Markov models that exploit the sequential patterns of the signals. The signal feature is thereafter used in the framework of a mixture density network, which, after training with sets of simulated signals calculated within a predefined search space, provides conditional posterior distributions of the recoverable parameters. The technique is tested with two test cases corresponding to different types of inverse problems. The first case corresponds to a simple problem of geoacoustic inversion, while the second is referred to a, rather unusual, still interesting problem of recovering the shape of a seamount using long‐range acoustic data. Both test cases are based on simulated experiments. The inversion results obtained using the proposed scheme are compared with inversion results using statistical features of the acoustic signal, which is another inversion approach well documented in the literature and is also based on the wavelet packet transform of the measured signal.