bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Feminization and altered gonadal gene expression profile by ethinylestradiol exposure to pejerrey, Odontesthes bonariensis, a South American teleost fish
Authors: Pérez María R. , Fernandino Juan I. , Carriquiriborde Pedro , Somoza Gustavo M. 
Published: March 2012

Abstract
In pejerrey (Odontesthes bonariensis), ovarian differentiation has been associated with gonadal aromatase expression. It is also known that exposure of pejerrey larvae to estradiol (E2) produces all female populations. During the last few years, the presence of ethinylestradiol (EE2), a synthetic E2 analogue, has been reported in water reservoirs of different parts of the world. In the present study, the effects of EE2 were assessed on sex ratio bias and gene expression levels of gonadal aromatase (cyp19a1a), 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 (hsd11b2), estrogens (erα, erβ1), and androgen receptors (arα, arβ). Pejerrey larvae were fed with commercial food containing EE2 (0.1 and 1 µg/g) and E2 (50 µg/g) as a positive control for six weeks after hatching. The gonadal histological analysis showed that 42 to 46% of the fish had clearly differentiated ovaries in both the EE2- and E2-treated groups, compared with 27% in the control group. Moreover, in the EE2- (1 µg/g) and E2-treated groups, no fish presented signs of testicular development compared with controls. In addition, expression of cyp19a1a and hsd11b2 was significantly up- and downregulated, respectively, by EE2 and E2. The authors' results suggested that the feminization process driven by EE2 depends on the positive balance of cyp19a1a in relation to hsd11b2. Thus, these genes can be used as early indicators of exposure to xenoestrogens in this species. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2012; 31: 941–946. © 2012 SETAC
The effects of multitasking on psychological stress reactivity in recreational users of cannabis and MDMA
Authors: Wetherell Mark A. , Atherton Katie , Grainger Jessica , Brosnan Robert , Scholey Andrew B. 
Published: March 2012

BackgroundCannabis and 3,4‐methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) use is associated with psychobiological and neurocognitive deficits. Assessments of the latter typically include tests of memory and everyday cognitive functioning. However, to date, little attention has been paid to effects of drug use on psychological stress reactivity. We report three studies examining the effects of recreational use of cannabis and MDMA on mood and psychological responses to multitasking using a cognitively demanding laboratory stressor that provides an analogue for everyday situations involving responses to multiple stimuli.MethodsThe effects of the multitasking framework on mood and perceived workload were assessed in cannabis (N=25), younger (N=18) and older (N=20) MDMA users and compared with non‐target drug controls.ResultsCompared with respective control groups, cannabis users became less alert and content, and both MDMA groups became less calm following acute stress. Unexpectedly, the stressor increased ratings of calm in cannabis users. Users also scored higher than their controls with respect to ratings of resources needed to complete the multitasking framework.ConclusionsThese findings show, for the first time, that recreational use of cannabis and MDMA, beyond the period of intoxication, can negatively influence psychological responses to a multitasking stressor, and this may have implications for real‐life situations which place high demands on cognitive resources. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Hillslope‐scale probabilistic characterization of soil moisture dynamics and average water balance
Authors: Pan Xingyao , Potter Nicholas J. , Xia Jun , Zhang Lu 
Published: March 2012

AbstractProbabilistic water balance modelling provides a useful framework for investigating the interactions between soil, vegetation, and the atmosphere. It has been used to estimate temporal soil moisture dynamics and ecohydrological responses at a point. This study combines a nonlinear rainfall–runoff theory with probabilistic water balance model to represent varied source area runoff as a function of rainfall depth and a runoff coefficient at hillslope scale. Analytical solutions of the soil‐moisture probability density function and average water balance model are then developed. Based on a sensitivity analysis of soil moisture dynamics, we show that when varied source area runoff is incorporated, mean soil moisture is always lower and total runoff higher, compared with the original probabilistic water balance model. The increased runoff from the inclusion of varied source area runoff is mainly because of a reduction in leakage when the index of dryness is less than one and evapotranspiration when the index of dryness is greater than one. Inclusion of varied source area runoff in the model means that the actual evapotranspiration is limited by less available water (i.e. water limit), which is stricter than Budyko’s and Milly’s water limit. Application of the model to a catchment located in Western Australia showed that the method can predict annual value of actual evapotranspiration and streamflow accurately. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Groundwater responses to the 2011 Tohoku Earthquake on Jeju Island, Korea
Authors: Lee Soo‐Hyoung , Ha Kyoochul , Hamm Se‐Yeong , Ko Kyung‐Seok 
Published: March 2012

AbstractGroundwater responses at 15 monitoring wells on Jeju Island were observed in relation to the magnitude 9.0 Tohoku Earthquake off the Pacific coast of Honshu, Japan, on 11 March 2011, at 14:46:23 h local time (05:46:24 h UTC time). In coastal areas, the groundwater level responses to the earthquake were oscillatory at 12 wells, and the range of the maximum groundwater level changes was 3–192.4 cm. The response durations were approximately 1–62 min. The relationship between the maximum groundwater level changes and the response durations displayed a high correlation coefficient (r = 0.81). Groundwater temperature changes were also observed at 7 of 12 wells 3–10 min after the seismic wave arrived, and the range was from 0.01 °C to 1.20 °C. In mid‐elevation areas, the groundwater level changes appeared in three different forms: oscillatory, spiky and persistent. The groundwater temperature changes were also observed at two wells. One indicated decreasing and recovering temperatures, and the other exhibited rising and persistent temperatures. The primary temperature changes occurred 5–6 min after the earthquake and 2–3 min after the seismic wave arrived. In addition, the electrical conductivities at the depth of the transition zone were monitored, and the responses to the earthquake appeared at all three wells. Although the electrical conductivity and temperature changes were not well understood, groundwater inflow and mixing were likely caused by the earthquake, and the responses were various and site specific. The responses to the earthquake were closely related to the hydrogeological characteristics at each monitoring well, and a more detailed hydrogeological characterization is needed to understand the mechanisms related to earthquakes in general. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Endothelial cell responses to micropillar substrates of varying dimensions and stiffness
Authors: Dickinson Laura E. , Rand Danielle R. , Tsao Joanna , Eberle Wolfgang , Gerecht Sharon 
Published: March 2012

AbstractIn the vascular niche, the extracellular matrix (ECM) provides a structural scaffold with a rich ligand landscape of essential matrix proteins that supports the organization and stabilization of endothelial cells (ECs) into functional blood vessels. Many of the physical interactions between ECs and macromolecular components of the ECM occur at both the micron and submicron scale. In addition, the elasticity of the ECM has been shown to be a critical factor in the progress of the angiogenic cascade. Here, we sought to determine the effect of substrate topography and elasticity (stiffness) on EC behavior. Utilizing a unique SiO2 substrate with an array of micropillars, we first demonstrate that micropillars with heights >3 μm significantly decrease EC adhesion and spreading. Fibronectin (Fn) patterning of 1 μm high micropillars enabled EC adhesion onto the micropillars and promoted alignment in a single‐cell chain manner. We then developed a robust method to generate a soft micropillar substrate array made of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), similar to the SiO2 substrate. Finally, we examined the kinetics of EC adhesion and spreading on the soft PDMS substrates compared to the stiff SiO2 substrates. Culturing cells on the PDMS substrates demonstrated an enhanced EC elongation and alignment when compared to stiff SiO2 with similar topographical features. We conclude that the elongation and alignment of ECs is coregulated by substrate topography and stiffness and can be harnessed to guide vascular organization. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A:, 2012.
TSA‐induced JMJD2B downregulation is associated with cyclin B1‐dependent survivin degradation and apoptosis in LNCap cells
Authors: Zhu Shan , Li Yueyang , Zhao Li , Hou Pingfu , Shangguan Chenyan , Yao Ruosi , Zhang Weina , Zhang Yu , Tan Jiang , Huang Baiqu , Lu Jun 
Published: March 2012

AbstractHistone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors are emerging as a novel class of anti‐tumor agents and have manifested the ability to induce apoptosis of cancer cells, and a significant number of genes have been identified as potential effectors responsible for HDAC inhibitor‐induced apoptosis. However, the mechanistic actions of these HDAC inhibitors in this process remain largely undefined. We here report that the treatment of LNCap prostate cancer cells with HDAC inhibitor trichostatin A (TSA) resulted in downregulation of the Jumonji domain‐containing protein 2B (JMJD2B). We also found that the TSA‐mediated decrease in survivin expression in LNCap cells was partly attributable to downregulation of JMJD2B expression. This effect was attributable to the promoted degradation of survivin protein through inhibition of Cyclin B1/Cdc2 complex‐mediated survivin Thr34 phosphorylation. Consequently, knockdown of JMJD2B enhanced TSA‐induced apoptosis by regulating the Cyclin B1‐dependent survivin degradation to potentiate the apoptosis pathways. J. Cell. Biochem. 113: 2375–2382, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Changes in serum collagen markers, IGF‐I, and Knee joint laxity across the menstrual cycle
Authors: Shultz Sandra J. , Wideman Laurie , Montgomery Melissa M. , Beasley Kathleen N. , Nindl Bradley C. 
Published: March 2012

AbstractVariations in serum markers of collagen production (CICP) and degradation (ICTP), insulin‐like growth factor I (IGF‐I) and anterior knee laxity (AKL) were measured in 20 women [10 with spontaneous cycles (eumenorrheic), 10 using oral contraceptives] over 5 consecutive days at menses (M1–M5, 1st pill week), the initial estrogen rise near ovulation (O1–O5, 2nd pill week), the initial progesterone rise of the early luteal phase (EL1–EL5, 3rd pill week) and post‐progesterone peak of the late luteal phase (LL1–LL5, 4th pill week). ICTP was higher in oral contraceptive women (5.3 ± 1.7 vs. 3.7 ± 1.3 µg/L; p = 0.030), primarily during days near ovulation and the early luteal phase when concentrations decreased in eumenorrheic women (p = 0.04). IGF‐I concentrations increased during menses then decreased and remained lower during the early and late luteal phase in oral contraceptive women, resulting in lower concentrations compared to eumenorrheic women at EL2 and LL1 (p = 0.03). CICP decreased in early and late luteal days (p <0.01), and there was a trend toward lower concentrations in eumenorrheic versus oral contraceptive women (85.7 ± 35.7 ng/ml vs. 123.2 ± 49.8 ng/ml; p = 0.07). Lower CICP and greater IGF‐I concentrations predicted greater AKL across the 20 cycle days in both groups (R2 = 0.310 and 0.400). Sex hormone concentration changes across the menstrual cycle are of sufficient magnitude to influence collagen metabolism, and may indirectly influence knee structure and function. © 2012 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 30:1405–1412, 2012
Simple Approach for Spreading Dynamics of Polymeric Fluids
Authors: Härth Michael , Schubert Dirk W. 
Published: March 2012

AbstractThe spreading of an axisymmetric drop on partially and completely wetted substrates is investigated from the theoretical and experimental point of view. In particular, novel physical models considering the capillary force, the gravitational force, and a viscous friction force simultaneously are derived. The models enable the analytical mathematical description of the drop radius as a function of the spreading time, which is useful for practical applications. Moreover, the construction of a master curve for the partial wetting scenario is proposed. The theoretical models are experimentally verified, using different polymer films as substrates and polydimethylsiloxanes of different viscosities as liquids. The comparison shows that theory and experiment are consistent.
Rapid and Tunable Reductive Degradation of Disulfide‐Labeled Polyesters
Authors: Pinnel Patrick , Mendez‐Nelson Andrew , Noh Seung Man , Nam Joon Hyun , Oh Jung Kwon 
Published: March 2012

AbstractA new approach for rapid and tunable degradation of reductively degradable polyesters (ssPESs) with multiple disulfides on the polymer backbones is reported. The approach centers on the control of the amount of disulfides in the synthesis of ssPESs by polycondensation of a disulfide‐containing diacid with various single and mixed diols having different molecular weights and disulfides. The disulfide concentration in ssPESs is tuned by incorporation of diols labeled with disulfides or diols with different MWs. The degradation rate is enhanced with increasing ssPES molecular weight. With ssPESs bearing disulfides positioned repeatedly along the backbone, the rapid and controlled degradation is compared with the slow degradation of polyesters with only a single disulfide in the center.
Relative isoperimetric inequalities for minimal submanifolds outside a convex set
Authors: Seo Keomkyo 
Published: March 2012

AbstractLet C be a closed convex set in a complete simply connected Riemannian manifold M with sectional curvature bounded above by a positive constant K. Assume that Σ is a compact minimal surface outside C such that Σ is orthogonal to ∂C along ∂Σ∩∂C and ∂Σ ∼ ∂C is radially connected from a point p ∈ ∂Σ∩∂C. We introduce a modified volume Mp(Σ) of Σ and obtain a sharp isoperimetric inequality

where equality holds if and only if Σ is a geodesic half disk with constant Gaussian curvature K. We also prove higher dimensional isoperimetric inequalities for minimal submanifolds outside a closed convex set in a Riemannian manifold using the modified volume.
Improved motion correction capabilities for fast spin echo T1 FLAIR propeller using non‐Cartesian external calibration data driven parallel imaging
Authors: Holmes James H. , Beatty Philip J. , Rowley Howard A. , Li Zhiqiang , Gaddipati Ajeetkumar , Zhao Xiaoli , Busse Reed F. , Brittain Jean H. 
Published: March 2012

AbstractPatient motion is a common challenge in the clinical setting and fast spin echo longitudinal relaxation time fluid attenuating inversion recovery imaging method with motion correction would be highly desirable. The motion correction provided by transverse relaxation time‐ and diffusion‐weighted periodically rotated overlapping parallel lines with enhanced reconstruction methods has seen significant clinical adoption. However, periodically rotated overlapping parallel lines with enhanced reconstruction with fast spin echo longitudinal relaxation time fluid attenuating inversion recovery‐weighting has proved challenging since motion correction requires wide blades that are difficult to acquire while also maintaining short echo train lengths that are optimal for longitudinal relaxation time fluid attenuating inversion recovery‐weighting. Parallel imaging provides an opportunity to increase the effective blade width for a given echo train lengths. Coil‐by‐coil data‐driven autocalibrated parallel imaging methods provide greater robustness in the event of motion compared to techniques relying on accurate coil sensitivity maps. However, conventional internally calibrated data‐driven parallel imaging methods limit the effective acceleration possible for each blade. We present a method to share a single calibration dataset over all imaging blades on a slice by slice basis using the APPEAR non‐Cartesian parallel imaging method providing an effective blade width increase of 2.45×, enabling robust motion correction. Results comparing the proposed technique to conventional Cartesian and periodically rotated overlapping parallel lines with enhanced reconstruction methods demonstrate a significant improvement during subject motion and maintaining high image quality when no motion is present in normal and clinical volunteers. Magn Reson Med, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Accelerated contrast‐enhanced whole‐heart coronary MRI using low‐dimensional‐structure self‐learning and thresholding
Authors: Akçakaya Mehmet , Basha Tamer A. , Chan Raymond H. , Rayatzadeh Hussein , Kissinger Kraig V. , Goddu Beth , Goepfert Lois A. , Manning Warren J. , Nezafat Reza 
Published: March 2012

AbstractWe sought to evaluate the efficacy of prospective random undersampling and low‐dimensional‐structure self‐learning and thresholding reconstruction for highly accelerated contrast‐enhanced whole‐heart coronary MRI. A prospective random undersampling scheme was implemented using phase ordering to minimize artifacts due to gradient switching and was compared to a randomly undersampled acquisition with no profile ordering. This profile‐ordering technique was then used to acquire contrast‐enhanced whole‐heart coronary MRI in 10 healthy subjects with 4‐fold acceleration. Reconstructed images and the acquired zero‐filled images were compared for depicted vessel length, vessel sharpness, and subjective image quality on a scale of 1 (poor) to 4 (excellent). In a pilot study, contrast‐enhanced whole‐heart coronary MRI was also acquired in four patients with suspected coronary artery disease with 3‐fold acceleration. The undersampled images were reconstructed using low‐dimensional‐structure self‐learning and thresholding, which showed significant improvement over the zero‐filled images in both objective and subjective measures, with an overall score of 3.6 ± 0.5. Reconstructed images in patients were all diagnostic. Low‐dimensional‐structure self‐learning and thresholding reconstruction allows contrast‐enhanced whole‐heart coronary MRI with acceleration as high as 4‐fold using clinically available five‐channel phased‐array coil. Magn Reson Med, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Synthesis of Polymer‐like Hydrogenated Amorphous Carbon by fs‐pulsed Laser Induced Plasma Processing of Solid Hexane
Authors: Wesolowski Michal J. , Moores Brad , Leonenko Zoya , Karimi Reza , Sanderson Joseph H. , Duley Walter W. 
Published: March 2012

AbstractA new technique, that involves the plasma processing of frozen hydrocarbons by a pulsed laser generated graphitic plasma, is presented. Polymer‐like hydrogenated amorphous carbon (a‐C:H) thin films were created by allowing the plasma generated during the fs‐pulsed laser ablation of a highly oriented pyrolytic graphite target in high vacuum, to impact on solid layers of n‐hexane (CH3(CH2)4CH3) at 77 K. This technique results in the formation of thin films whose morphology and properties are shown to depend on the plasma processing time tp. Polymer‐like a‐C:H with residual hexane incorporated into the carbon matrix and exhibiting a unique dendritic surface morphology was formed after short processing times. Following longer processing times, these dendritic structures are destroyed resulting in thin films having similar spectral properties to those of conventional a‐C:H. The composition of the plasma was studied using time of flight mass spectrometer (TOF‐MS) and the surface morphology of the synthesized thin films was examined by atomic force microscopy (AFM). A variety of analytic techniques including photoluminescence (PS), UV–Vis absorption, surface enhanced Raman (SERS), and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy have been used to characterize the structure and composition of these materials. magnified image
DNA‐Wrapped Carbon Nanotubes as Sensitive Electrochemical Labels in Controlled‐Assembly‐Mediated Signal Transduction for the Detection of Sequence‐Specific DNA
Authors: Nie Huagui , Yang Zhi , Huang Shaoming , Wu Zhan , Wang Hongqi , Yu Ruqin , Jiang Jianhui 
Published: March 2012

AbstractA novel electrochemical strategy that uses DNA‐wrapped carbon nanotubes (CNTs) as electrochemical labels is developed for sensitive and selective detection of sequence‐specific DNA. The presence of target DNA mediates the formation of a sandwiched complex between the DNA‐wrapped CNT and a hairpin DNA capture probe immobilized on magnetic beads. This allows target‐selective collection of the CNT labels by magnetic separation and transfer on the electrode surface modified with an insulating self‐assembled monolayer (SAM). After treatment with N,N‐dimethylformamide, the collected sandwiched complex releases the bare CNTs and facilitates the removal of magnetic beads from the electrode surface. The bare CNTs can then assemble on the SAM‐modified electrode surface and mediate efficient electron transfer between the electrode and the electroactive species in the solution with a strong current signal generated. The results indicate that the developed strategy shows a sensitive response to target DNA with a desirable signal gain and a low detection limit of 0.9 pM. This strategy is also demonstrated to provide excellent differentiation of single‐base mismatch in target DNA. It is expected that this electrochemical strategy may hold great potential as a novel platform for clinical diagnostics and genetic analysis.
What Is Most Important to Know About Vocabulary?
Authors: Kucan Linda 
Published: March 2012

AbstractThis article makes use of Perfetti's Lexical Quality Hypothesis as a perspective for thinking about vocabulary instruction in terms of semantics (meaning), phonology (pronunciation), orthography (spelling), morphology (meaningful word parts), and syntax (how words function in sentences). Examples are presented of how these aspects of vocabulary instruction can be addressed in lessons related to reading, decoding, spelling, and grammar.
Cultivating admiration in brands: Warmth, competence, and landing in the “golden quadrant”
Authors: Aaker Jennifer L. , Garbinsky Emily N. , Vohs Kathleen D. 
Published: March 2012

AbstractAlthough a substantial amount of research has examined the constructs of warmth and competence, far less has examined how these constructs develop and what benefits may accrue when warmth and competence are cultivated. Yet there are positive consequences, both emotional and behavioral, that are likely to occur when brands hold perceptions of both. In this paper, we shed light on when and how warmth and competence are jointly promoted in brands, and why these reputations matter.