bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Breast cancer incidence, stage distribution, and treatment shifts during the 2020 COVID-19 pandemic: a nationwide population-level study
Authors: Peacock Hanna M. , van Walle Lien , Silversmit Geert , Neven Patrick , Han Sileny N. , Van Damme Nancy 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
The first COVID-19 wave in 2020 necessitated temporary suspension of non-essential medical services including organized cancer screening programs in Belgium. This study assessed the impact of the pandemic on breast cancer (BC) incidence, stage at diagnosis, and management in Belgium in 2020.

Methods
All Belgian residents diagnosed with in situ or invasive BC in 2015–2020 in the nationwide, population-based cancer registry database were included. Incidence trends for 2015–2019 were extrapolated to predict incidence and stage distribution for 2020 and compared with the observed values. National healthcare reimbursement data were used to examine treatment strategies. Exact tumor diameter and nodal involvement, extracted from pathology reports, were analyzed for 2019 and 2020.

Results
74,975 tumors were selected for analysis of incidence and clinical stage. Invasive BC incidence declined by -5.0% in 2020, with a drop during the first COVID-19 wave (Mar-Jun; -23%) followed by a rebound (Jul-Dec; +7%). Predicted and observed incidence (in situ + invasive) was not different in patients < 50 years. In the 50–69 and 70 + age groups, significant declines of -4.1% and − 8.4% respectively were found. Excess declines were seen in clinical stage 0 and I in Mar-Jun, without excess increases in clinical stage II-IV tumors in Jul-Dec. There was no increase in average tumor diameter or nodal involvement in 2020. Patients diagnosed in Mar-Jun received significantly more neoadjuvant therapy, particularly neoadjuvant hormonal therapy for patients with clinical stage I-II BC.

Conclusions
BC incidence decline in 2020 in Belgium was largely restricted to very early-stage BC and patients aged 50 and over. Delayed diagnosis did not result in an overall progression to higher stage at diagnosis in 2020. Observed treatment adaptations in Belgium were successful in prioritizing patients for surgery while preventing tumor progression in those with surgical delay. Continuation of monitoring BC incidence and stage in the future is crucial.
Mothers’ evaluations of fathers’ contributions to raising children with autism spectrum disorder in the United Arab Emirates
Authors: Opoku Maxwell Peprah , Mohamed Ahmed , Safi Mohammed , Belbase Shashidhar , Al Mughairbi Fadwa , Xie Quizhi , Al Shatheli Mahmoud 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a lifelong neurological condition which results in social skill deficits, communication difficulties, and restrictive and repetitive behaviour. The difficulties associated with parenting children with ASD have been studied extensively, mainly from the perspectives of mothers. The extent of involvement of fathers in the raising of children with ASD has received limited scholarly attention, especially in non-Western contexts such as the United Arab Emirates.

Objectives
This study asked mothers to evaluate the involvement of fathers in the development of children with ASD.

Methods
In all, 240 mothers completed the Fathers’ Involvement in Development and Rehabilitation Scale, designed based on a review of literature on the construct of involvement, namely attitude, participation in training, and support domains. The data were subjected to computation of mean scores, multivariate analysis of variance, hierarchical regression, and moderation analyses.

Results
The results suggested that fathers held positive attitudes and provided substantial support to their children with ASD. However, mothers were ambivalent regarding the participation of fathers in training to support the development of their children. Differences were also observed between participants according to marital status, location, child gender, and ASD severity.

Conclusion
Recommendations for targeted training for fathers and other study implications are discussed.
A structural model of EFL teachers’ physical activity, emotion regulation, and competence for online teaching
Authors: Cheng Peng Yang Zi , Liu Hai 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
The COVID-19 pandemic has prompted a rapid shift to online teaching, placing unprecedented demands on educators’ physical and mental well-being. However, the relationship between English as a Foreign Language (EFL) teachers’ physical activity, emotion regulation, and competence for online teaching remains underexplored.

Objectives
This study aimed to investigate the interplay between EFL teachers’ physical activity, emotion regulation strategies, and competence for online teaching.

Results
Structural equation modeling revealed significant direct and indirect effects, indicating that physical activity positively influences emotion regulation, which, in turn, enhances teachers’ competence for online instruction. Furthermore, emotion regulation was found to mediate the relationship between physical activity and online teaching competence.

Conclusions
These findings underscore the importance of promoting physical activity among EFL teachers as a means to enhance their emotion regulation skills and competence for online teaching, particularly in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Implications
The study highlights the need for targeted interventions aimed at supporting EFL teachers’ well-being and professional development, with implications for educational policies, teacher training programs, and institutional support structures in the digital learning landscape.
Humic substances and plant abiotic stress adaptation
Authors: Canellas Luciano Pasqualoto , da Silva Rakiely Martins , Busato Jader Galba , Olivares Fábio Lopes 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
Traditional agriculture is on the front line of climate change, being most impacted by the increase in the intensity and frequency of extreme events, such as floods, drought and rising temperatures. Local ecological knowledge is a recognized keystone of successfully managed socioecological systems, but loss of soil fertility, water scarcity, incidence of diseases and decreased production due to climate change are linked to the greater vulnerability experienced by traditional farmers. Plant biostimulants are natural products used to stimulate nutrient uptake and efficiency by crops, increase tolerance to abiotic/biotic stress and improve quality without negative impacts on the environment if obtained from renewed sources. Humic substances are some of the most used plant biostimulants in agriculture and play a central role in plant adaptation.

Materials and methods
We reviewed and discussed a sample set of papers (n = 52) about humic substances to mitigate abiotic stress in crops using data basis from Web of Science (Clarivate Analytics), Scopus—IBM (International Business Machines Corporation), and Scielo (Scientific Electronic Library Online).

Results
The predominance of authors in the global south is notable, but it is not a coincidence, since this is where the effects of climate change will have the greatest impact. The mechanisms involved in the stress mitigation involve the activation of signaling factors, gene response induction, the accumulation of osmoprotective and anti-oxidant compounds, the induction of antioxidative metabolism, ion homeostasis, membrane transport and adjustment of hormonal balance. The intriguing question is: how can a complex mixture of molecules affect so many distinct effects on plants responsible for plant adaptation?

Conclusions
The complexity of humic substances challenges our knowledge method, but supramolecular chemistry may provide answers that enable us to broaden our understanding of the plant defense mechanisms modulated by these substances.

Graphical Abstract
Fast, accessible and reliable method for elemental analysis of metals in solution by ED-XRF spectroscopy
Authors: Figueiredo Filipe M. J. , Carretas José M. , Leal João P. , Sardinha José M. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe measurement of metals in solution is usually performed using inductive coupled plasma hyphenated techniques or atomic absorption. Although very sensitive and accurate, these analytical techniques are quite expensive and do not allow field measurements. The present work takes advantage of energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence (ED-XRF) ease-of-use features to determine the concentration of rare earth elements (Y, Pr, Nd, Eu) and others (S, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn) in aqueous solutions, after appropriate sample treatment. The approach turned out to be a reliable and very convenient procedure for field analysis. The simplicity, speed and reliability of the methodology used combined with the possibility of simultaneous analysis and low cost of the method can be advantageous in industrial context. The approach relies on the suspension of the target solutions in a cellulose matrix that is further converted into a pellet for direct analysis. Calibration curves obtained by regression analysis at 5% significance are shown for a variety of elements (S, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, Y, Pr, Nd, Eu) with correlation coefficients between 0.9555 and 0.9980. Higher coefficients of variance were obtained for the calibration of S and Pr due to low sensitivity and the overlapping with the L lines of Nd, respectively. The performed calibrations were not affected by the presence of other analytes in the matrix. Results obtained showed that it is possible to use the proposed methodology to accurately quantify d and f block metals in aqueous solutions by ED-XRF after sequestering the chemical content into a cellulose powder matrix and further processing into a pellet.
Graphical Abstract
The comparison of visibility of the maxillary sinus septa between cone-beam computed tomography scans and panoramic radiograph images as dependent on the cortical bone thickness: a retrospective comparative study
Authors: Ketabi Ali Reza , Hassfeld Stefan , Lauer Hans-Christoph , Piwowarczyk Andree 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Purpose
To analyze the visibility of the maxillary sinus septa (MSS) in panoramic radiography (PR) versus cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) and to investigate whether the buccal cortical bone thickness (BT) or the septa dimensions influence their visibility.

Methods
Corresponding PR and CBCT images of 355 patients were selected and examined for MSS visibility. The septa dimensions (width, height, depth) and the BT were measured. Results were analysed statistically.

Results
Comparing the corresponding regions on CBCT and PR, 170 MSS were identified; however, only 106 of these were also visible using PR. The MSS visibility was significantly higher on CBCT versus PR images (P1: p = 0.039, P2: p = 0.015, M1: p = 0.041, M2: p = 0.017, M3: p = 0.000), except region C (p = 0.625). Regarding the measurements of MSS dimensions, only the height in region M1 (p = 0.013) and the width in region P2 (p = 0.034) were significantly more visible on CBCT. The BT in the area of the MSS was found to have a marginal influence on its visibility on the PR images only in regions M3 and M1 (M3: p = 0.043, M1: p = 0.047). In terms of MSS visibility based on the dimensions, significance was found for all three influencing variables only in region P2 (width; p = 0.041, height; p = 0.001, depth; p = 0.007). There were only isolated cases of further significance: M3 for width (p = 0.043), M2 for height (p = 0.024), and P1 for depth (p = 0.034), no further significance was noted.

Conclusion
MSS visibility appears significantly higher on CBCT versus PR images. It is concluded that the septa dimensions and BT can influence MSS visibility on PR images just in certain regions.

Graphical Abstract
Peasant families and farm size in Fascist Italy
Authors: Fornasin Alessio , Breschi Marco , Manfredini Matteo 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis article looks at the key factors affecting the connection between peasant family size and farm size in Italy in 1930–1931. The association between farm size and family size was analyzed using a new dataset merging data drawn from both the Population Census of 1931 and the Census of Agriculture of 1930. We found a strict association between peasant family size, here considered as a production unit, and the surface area of the farm. The results seem to correspond to different causal relationship between family size and farm size according to access to land, and form of tenure. In some contexts, where sharecropping was widespread, farm size defines the size of the family. In others where small land ownership prevailed, it seems that family size shapes the size of the farm. In this study we propose a new explanation for peasant family size in the Fascist period. This is done adopting a cross-sectional perspective, providing a geographical analysis based on the 786 agrarian areas that formed the national territory in that period.
Utility of metabolic ratios in the diagnosis of tumor Thrombus on F-18 FDG PET/CT
Authors: Datta Deepanksha , Kumar Rajesh , Goel Akhil Dhanesh 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
This study aims to predict quantitative parameter in form of metabolic ratios to diagnose tumor thrombus on F-18 FDG PET/CT.

Methods
This is a retrospective study from Nuclear Medicine department at All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, India. Patients with malignancies who underwent F-18 FDG PET/CT in our department or images sent for review from February 2020 till September 2022 were screened for tumor thrombus that comprised study group. Control group had patients with malignancy and no imaging evidence of tumor thrombus. Metabolic activities (SUVmax) of tumor thrombus, liver and descending aorta in study group, and that of IVC, liver and descending aorta in control group were recorded. Metabolic ratios of tumor thrombus to liver (SUR L) and to aorta (SUR A) in study group, and IVC to liver (SUR* L) and to aorta (SUR*A) in control group were compared using receiver operator curves.

Results
Of 2277 studies screened, 12 had tumor thrombus. The most common primary malignant site and vessel involved were lung and IVC respectively. The median (IQR) SUR L, SUR A, SUR* L and SUR* A were 2.5 (3.25), 2.6 (6), 0.67 (0.18) and 1 (0.17) respectively. Area under ROC for SUR L and SUR A were 0.983 [95% CI: 0.955–1.0] and 0.958 [95% CI: 0.90–1.0] respectively. The ideal cut-off for SUR L was 0.953 (sensitivity 92.3%, specificity 98.0%) and for SUR A was 1.42 (sensitivity 84.6%, specificity 98.0%).

Conclusion
Metabolic ratios of tumor thrombus to liver (SUR L) and aorta (SUR A) have good diagnostic performance and can be useful in studies with non-iodinated contrast CT.
Isolated rheumatic tricuspid valve regurgitation: it is only rare not just a myth: rare case report
Authors: Saputri Vemmy Lian , Yogibuana Valerinna 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
Isolated rheumatic tricuspid regurgitation (IRTR) is a rare condition that can manifest as right heart failure (RHF) and pulmonary hypertension (PH) symptoms. Diagnosing and treating IRTR in cases of latent RHD can be a challenge and crucial for future research to establish new guidelines for echocardiography in RHD that focus not only on the mitral and aorta but also the tricuspid valve.

Case presentation
A young female patient with clinical symptoms of RHF suspected IRTR due to latent RHD from echocardiography. Echocardiography revealed significant thickening and calcification of all tricuspid valve (TV) leaflets, with partial prolapse posterior leaflet and severe tricuspid regurgitation (TR) with a high probability of PH, no significant anatomical and functional abnormality pulmonary valve (PV), mitral valve (MV), and aortic valve (AV). She was administered daily doses of Ramipril, bisoprolol, spironolactone, and furosemide. Although she received therapy, she persisted in suffering dyspnea when doing mild physical activity (NYHA functional class III). She was admitted to the surgical conference, due to our center’s limitation of percutaneous intervention for valve replacement, and she was approved to undergo tricuspid valve replacement (TVR) surgery.

Conclusions
Echocardiography plays a crucial role in identifying latent RHD. Isolated rheumatic TR shows echocardiographic results similar to rheumatic mitral regurgitation, except for the presence of a high-velocity jet. Diuretics temporarily slow symptoms, but disease progression remains uncertain. TV surgery is effective for severe symptoms, but isolated TVR is rare and has a poor prognosis.
Dynamic vertebral artery occlusion aka bow hunter syndrome causing posterior fossa stroke in a young adult: a case report
Authors: Gupta Neeti Ajay , Subash Anjitha , Bhalde Rucha P. , Gutte Avinash A. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
Bow Hunter syndrome (BHS) is a rare, but important cause of posterior circulation stroke. It is also known as Rotational vertebral artery syndrome and is caused by transient dynamic vertebro-basilar insufficiency on movement of the neck in the presence of certain soft tissue or bone anomalies in the cranio-vertebral region.

Case presentation
We present a case of Bow hunter syndrome in an 18-year-old adult male who presented with vomiting, occipital headache and loss of balance, with findings of posterior circulation stroke on imaging. Medical causes of young stroke, including vasculitis and clotting disorders were ruled out, following which a diagnostic conventional angiography and CT angiography was performed. The cause of vascular compromise in our case was the presence of vertebral anomalies, in particular, the presence of a partial ponticulus posticus with formation of an incomplete arcuate foramen. He was treated with cervical spine immobilisation and C1–C2 fixation. In addition, our patient had a single posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA) on the side of the dynamic insufficiency, which lead to bilateral cerebellar infarcts. Our case is unique because it demonstrates a combination of osseous and vascular developmental anomalies resulting in posterior circulation stroke.

Conclusions
Though uncommon, BHS should be considered in the list of differentials in otherwise unexplained cases of posterior circulation stroke. Conventional angiography with dynamic manoeuvres is the modality of choice for documenting the rotational vertebral artery occlusion.
Assessment of efficacy and safety of irreversible electroporation versus TACE for treatment of difficult location hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Hassany Mohamed , Mahboub Ahmed Mostafa , Mostafa Wessam , Debian Hossam , Shousha Hend Ibrahim , El-Serafy Magdy 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Introduction
Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) and microwave ablation (MWA) are widely accepted as the established treatment options for patients diagnosed with early-stage hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) who are deemed unfit for surgical procedures. However, the effective implementation of these techniques is hindered by various challenges, primarily associated with the precise targeting of tumors within the liver. The utilization of thermal ablative methods is not recommended for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) that is located near intestinal loops, bile ducts, or in eccentric positions. The unmet need for non-thermal methods in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) was addressed following the introduction of irreversible electroporation (IRE) as an innovative approach.

Aim of the work
To assess the efficacy, safety, and outcomes of IRE in the treatment of difficult-located HCC compared to transarterial chemoembolization (TACE).

Methods
This is a prospective study that included 24 patients with HCC who presented to the National Hepatology and Tropical Medicine Research Institute (NHTMRI) during the period from January 2017 to January 2020. Ten patients underwent IRE, while 14 patients underwent TACE.

Results
Sixteen patients (66.7%) were males; eight patients were females (33.3%). Their median age was 60.5 years (48–70 years). Seventeen patients (70.8%) were Child–Pugh class A, while seven patients (29.2%) were Child–Pugh class B. All the study population had a single focal lesion; the mean size of the focal lesions was 2.94 ± 0.59 cm. The most frequent difficult locations of HCC were segment V focal lesions adjacent to both the common bile duct and portal vein in eight patients (33.3%) followed by lesions adjacent to the inferior vena cava in five patients (20%) followed by the subcapsular lesions in three patients (12.5%) and lesions adjacent to the right kidney in two patients (8.3%). Complete response (CR) was higher in the IRE group (80%) compared to the TACE group (50%). Clinical decompensation occurred in six patients in the IRE group (60%) and eight patients in the TACE group (57.1%) (P value 1). Recurrence occurred in five patients (50%) treated with IRE and in seven patients (50%) treated with TACE (P value 1). Within the IRE group, two patients (20%) remained alive; on the other hand, within the TACE group six patients (42.9%) remained alive by the end of the study (P value 0.388).

Conclusion
Our data suggest that IRE is an effective procedure in the treatment of difficult-located HCC in terms of complete response, fewer sessions, and fewer side effects as compared to TACE.
Interaction between HOTTIP, H19, and HOTAIR long noncoding RNAs and miRNA-152 in cases of HCC caused by HCV infection
Authors: El-Araby Rady E. , Roshdy Fawzy , Zaghloul Mariam , Saad Ahmed A. E. , Morsi Maha H. , Radwan Wafaa M. , Adel Rana M. , Elshafiey Sara H. , Elhusseny Yasmine , Othman Reham F. , Helal Hamed , Hassanein Doha E. , Elghobary Hany A. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
Liver cancer (hepatocellular carcinoma “HCC”) remains a significant health issue without prompt detection and appropriate prevention. By interacting with each other, long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) and microRNAs (miRNAs) can form gene regulatory networks. Specifically, we aim to determine whether the lncRNAs (HOTTIP, H19, and HOTAIR) and miRNA-152 interact in a significant manner in the progression of Hepatitis C virus (HCV) patients to HCC. This is followed by the question of whether these biomarkers can be used to diagnose and prognose noninvasively. We used online computational techniques to predict which miRNA group is likely to affect the lncRNAs being examined. This study involved 133 participants. 103 patients with HCV were included in the study, which was divided into two groups: Group I, with 65 cases of chronic liver disease without HCC, and Group II, with 38 cases of chronic liver disease with HCC. In addition, 30 healthy volunteers served as controls. In this study, a qRT-PCR was used to test gene expression.

Results
A consistent reverse correlation has been observed between lncRNAs and miRNA-152 as the disease progresses.

Conclusion
According to our findings, the studied biomarkers may be useful as noninvasive biomarkers for prognosis in patients with HCV Genotype 4 who develop liver cirrhosis and HCC. Many miRNAs, including miRNA-19a and miRNA-106a, may interact with lncRNAs that have been investigated in addition to miRNA-152.