bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Novel Composite Endpoint to Evaluate the Gastrointestinal (GI) Effects of Nonsteroidal Antiinflammatory Drugs Through the Entire GI Tract
Authors: CHAN FRANCIS K. L. , CRYER BYRON , GOLDSTEIN JAY L. , LANAS ANGEL , PEURA DAVID A. , SCHEIMAN JAMES M. , SIMON LEE S. , SINGH GURKIRPAL , STILLMAN MARTIN J. , WILCOX CHARLES M. , BERGER MANUELA F. , BREAZNA AURORA , DODGE WILLIAM 
Published: November 2009

Objective.Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAID) not only cause damage to the upper gastrointestinal (GI) tract but also affect the lower GI tract. To date, there is no endpoint that evaluates serious GI events in the entire GI tract. The objective of this report is to introduce a novel composite endpoint that measures damage to the entire GI tract — clinically significant upper and lower GI events (CSULGIE) — in patients with NSAID-induced GI damage.Methods.We reviewed the data from largescale, multicenter, randomized, clinical trials on lower GI toxicity associated with NSAID use. The rationale for using CSULGIE as a primary endpoint in 2 ongoing trials — the Celecoxib vs Omeprazole and Diclofenac for At-risk Osteoarthritis (OA) and Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) Patients (CONDOR) trial and the Gastrointestinal Randomized Events and Safety Open-Label NSAID Study (GI-REASONS) — is also discussed.Results.Previous randomized trials focused primarily on damage to the upper GI tract and often neglected the lower GI tract. The CSULGIE endpoint extends the traditional “perforation, obstruction, and bleeding” assessment of upper GI complications by including events in the lower GI tract (small/large bowel) such as perforation, bleeding, and clinically significant anemia.Conclusion.By providing clinicians with a new, descriptive language for adverse events through the entire GI tract, the CSULGIE endpoint has the potential to become a standard tool for evaluating the GI effects of a range of therapies.
Hand Syndromes Associated with Diabetes: Impairments and Obesity Predict Disability
Authors: REDMOND CHRISTINE L. , BAIN GREGORY I. , LASLETT LAURA L. , McNEIL JULIAN D. 
Published: November 2009

Objective.We determined patterns of disability in diabetic hand conditions and identified factors that contributed to functional limitations.Methods.Hand assessments were performed on 60 adults with DM1 or DM2 and carpal tunnel syndrome, trigger finger, Dupuytren’s disease, or the syndrome of limited joint mobility. The examination included measurement of grip strength, light touch perception, and dexterity, as well as self-reported function using the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) instrument and the Medical Outcomes Study Short Form-36 questionnaire. Associations with hand disability were analyzed using correlation and regression.Results.The most frequent presentation was carpal tunnel syndrome (45%) but it was common for patients to present with clinical features associated with more than one hand syndrome (47%). Overall, women had greater difficulties, with significantly higher DASH scores than men [mean 30.3 (95% CI 23.2, 37.5) vs 18.0 (95% CI 12.1, 23.9), respectively; p = 0.01]. Grip strength, dexterity, and obesity were associated with hand disability (p < 0.05).Conclusion.In adults with hand syndromes associated with diabetes, disability was related to impaired muscle function and carpal tunnel syndrome. Obesity and overall physical functioning influenced hand disability, particularly in women.
Association of HLA Class II Genes with Systemic Sclerosis in Spanish Patients
Authors: SIMEÓN CARMEN P. , FONOLLOSA VICENT , TOLOSA CARLES , PALOU EDUARD , SELVA ALBERT , SOLANS ROSER , ARMADANS LLUIS , MORENO ESTEFANIA , MARSAL SARA , VILARDELL MIQUEL 
Published: November 2009

Objective.To examine the role of HLA-DRB1 and HLA-DQB1 alleles in the susceptibility to systemic sclerosis (SSc) and its clinical expression in a Spanish population.Methods.One hundred Spanish Caucasian patients with SSc and 130 controls were studied. Molecular HLA-DRB1 and HLA-DQB1 typing was performed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) sequence-based typing and PCR sequence-specific oligonucleotide.Results.HLA-DRB1*11 was associated with genetic susceptibility to SSc, whereas HLA-DRB1*07 (HLA-DRB1*0701) showed a protective effect. A significant increase in the frequency of the DRB1*1104 allele was observed in patients with anti-topoisomerase I autoantibodies (anti-Topo I) while HLA-DRB1*01 and HLA-DQB1*05 alleles were significantly increased in patients with anti-centromere antibodies (ACA). The HLA-DRB1*11 allele was more frequent in patients with pulmonary fibrosis; however, no significant association with any HLA-DRB1 or DQB1 alleles was identified in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension.Conclusion.HLA alleles play a role in genetic susceptibility to SSc in Spanish patients. Some alleles are more prevalent in patients with pulmonary fibrosis and in patients with certain SSc-specific autoantibodies (anti-Topo I and ACA).
Axial Psoriatic Arthritis: Update on a Longterm Prospective Study
Authors: CHANDRAN VINOD , BARRETT JESSICA , SCHENTAG CATHERINE T. , FAREWELL VERNON T. , GLADMAN DAFNA D. 
Published: November 2009

Objective.To evaluate changes in symptoms, spinal mobility, and radiographic features in patients with axial psoriatic arthritis (AxPsA).Methods.Patients with AxPsA were identified from the University of Toronto Psoriatic Arthritis clinic database. Axial symptoms, metrology, and radiographic features at study entry were compared to 5-year and 10-year followup assessments. Data were analyzed using continuity adjusted McNemar’s test, an exact binomial test, or logistic regression.Results.Of 297 patients (mean age 42.5 yrs, PsA duration 8 yrs) in the study, 56% had axial symptoms, 43% had radiographic evidence of sacroiliitis, and 13% had syndesmophytes at entry. The number of patients with neck/back pain, neck/back stiffness, and clinical sacroiliitis declined significantly at both 5- and 10-year followup periods. There was a significant increase in the number of patients with restricted cervical spinal mobility at both 5- and 10-year visits and significant reduction in lateral flexion at both timepoints. At 5 (10) years, of those without sacroiliitis at baseline, 36.6% (51.7%) developed at least grade 2 sacroiliitis; 46.5% (52.0%) of those who presented with grade 2 progressed to a higher grade; and 15.6% (25.0%) with grade 3 progressed to grade 4 sacroiliitis. Of the patients without cervical/thoracic/lumbar syndesmophytes at study entry, 11%/16%/14% (14%/21%/20%) developed syndesmophytes in these regions at 5 (10) year followup. Similar results were obtained when analyses were restricted to patients satisfying radiographic criteria alone.Conclusion.Over a 10-year period, patients with AxPsA had improvement in neck and back pain, but lateral spinal flexion and cervical mobility deteriorated.
Pattern of Disease Onset, Diagnostic Delay, and Clinical Features in Juvenile Onset and Adult Onset Ankylosing Spondylitis
Authors: OZGOCMEN SALIH , ARDICOGLU OZGE , KAMANLI AYHAN , KAYA ARZU , DURMUS BEKIR , YILDIRIM KADIR , BAYSAL OZLEM , GUR ALI , KARATAY SALIHA , ALTAY ZUHAL , CEVIK REMZI , ERDAL AKIN , ERSOY YUKSEL , SARAC AYSEGUL J. , TEKEOGLU IBRAHIM , UGUR MAHIR , NAS KEMAL , SENEL KAZIM , ULUSOY HASAN 
Published: November 2009

Objective.To assess the frequency of juvenile onset ankylosing spondylitis (JOAS) in Turkish patients with AS and to compare with adult onset AS (AOAS) in a cross-sectional study design.Methods.A total of 322 patients were recruited from the joint database of 5 university hospitals in eastern Turkey.Results.Patients with JOAS (n = 43, 13.4%) had significantly longer diagnostic delay (9.21 vs 5.08 yrs), less severe axial involvement and more prevalent uveitis (OR 2.92, 95% CI 1.25–6.79), and peripheral involvement at onset (OR 3.25, 95% CI 1.51–6.98, adjusted for current age; and OR 2.26, 95% CI 1.07–4.76, adjusted for disease duration). Patients with AOAS had higher radiographic scores and more restricted clinimetrics but similar functional limitations and quality of life.Conclusion.JOAS and AOAS had distinctive courses and Turkish patients with AS had similar features compared to other Caucasian patient populations.
Modified structural intensity for singularity localization in noisy signals: Application to coherent averaging for event‐synchronous ECG interference cancellation in diaphragmatic EMG signals
Authors: Guméry P. Y. , Fontecave‐Jallon J. , Aïthocine E. , Meignen S. , Heyer L. , Baconnier P. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractThis paper addresses the problem of singularity location in a noisy signal. Landmark alignment performances of a modified structural intensity formulation are analyzed in the context of ‘averaged template subtraction’. The chosen application is the event‐synchronous ECG interference cancellation (ESC) in the diaphragmatic electromyographic signal. The structural intensity event‐synchronous interference canceller (SIESC) algorithm based on the modified structural intensity formulation is compared with an existing ESC algorithm that requires an ECG reference signal for the coherent averaging process. Efficiency in interference cancellation is evaluated using both simulations and real electromyogram of the diaphragm data. All the results show that the alignment error of the SIESC induces an acceptable discrepancy between the two methods. One interest of this application is to demonstrate the ability of the structural intensity to provide a detector combining robustness and precision. A drawback of this approach is the calculation cost. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A Direct, Multiplex Biosensor Platform for Pathogen Detection Based on Cross‐linked Polydiacetylene (PDA) Supramolecules
Authors: Park Cheol Hee , Kim Jun Pyo , Lee Sang Wook , Jeon Noo Li , Yoo Pil J. , Sim Sang Jun 
Published: November 2009

AbstractThis study focuses on the development of a multiplex pathogen‐detection platform based on polydiacetylene (PDA) using a novel immobilization procedure. PDA liposome‐based solid sensors have a critical drawback as the PDA liposomes are not stably immobilized onto the solid substrate. Therefore, to overcome this problem, an interlinker, ethylenediamine, is introduced, which acts as a cross‐linker between individual PDA liposomes. The quantity of ethylenediamine added was optimized to 1 mM, as measured by the fluorescence signal emitted by the stably immobilized PDA liposomes, a concentration at which the fluorescence signal is 10 times higher than for the resulting PDA chips made without the interlinker. This procedure is used to manufacture PDA liposome‐based multiplex biosensor arrays for well‐known water and food‐borne pathogens. The fabricated biosensor was able to perform the simultaneous and quantitative detection of 6 species of pathogens. As such, the results demonstrated from this research can be exploited for the development of more advanced PDA‐based biosensors and diagnostics.
Variable Temperature Mobility Analysis of n‐Channel, p‐Channel, and Ambipolar Organic Field‐Effect Transistors
Authors: Letizia Joseph A. , Rivnay Jonathan , Facchetti Antonio , Ratner Mark A. , Marks Tobin J. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractThe temperature dependence of field‐effect transistor (FET) mobility is analyzed for a series of n‐channel, p‐channel, and ambipolar organic semiconductor‐based FETs selected for varied semiconductor structural and device characteristics. The materials (and dominant carrier type) studied are 5,5′′′‐bis(perfluorophenacyl)‐2,2′:5′,2″:5″,2′′′‐quaterthiophene (1, n‐channel), 5,5′′′‐bis(perfluorohexyl carbonyl)‐2,2′:5′,2″:5″,2′′′‐quaterthiophene (2, n‐channel), pentacene (3, p‐channel); 5,5′′′‐bis(hexylcarbonyl)‐2,2′:5′,2″:5″,2′′′‐quaterthiophene (4, ambipolar), 5,5′′′‐bis‐(phenacyl)‐2,2′: 5′,2″:5″,2′′′‐quaterthiophene (5, p‐channel), 2,7‐bis((5‐perfluorophenacyl)thiophen‐2‐yl)‐9,10‐phenanthrenequinone (6, n‐channel), and poly(N‐(2‐octyldodecyl)‐2,2′‐bithiophene‐3,3′‐dicarboximide) (7, n‐channel). Fits of the effective field‐effect mobility (µeff) data assuming a discrete trap energy within a multiple trapping and release (MTR) model reveal low activation energies (EAs) for high‐mobility semiconductors 1–3 of 21, 22, and 30 meV, respectively. Higher EA values of 40–70 meV are exhibited by 4–7‐derived FETs having lower mobilities (µeff). Analysis of these data reveals little correlation between the conduction state energy level and EA, while there is an inverse relationship between EA and µeff. The first variable‐temperature study of an ambipolar organic FET reveals that although n‐channel behavior exhibits EA = 27 meV, the p‐channel regime exhibits significantly more trapping with EA = 250 meV. Interestingly, calculated free carrier mobilities (µ0) are in the range of ∼0.2–0.8 cm2 V−1 s−1 in this materials set, largely independent of µeff. This indicates that in the absence of charge traps, the inherent magnitude of carrier mobility is comparable for each of these materials. Finally, the effect of temperature on threshold voltage (VT) reveals two distinct trapping regimes, with the change in trapped charge exhibiting a striking correlation with room temperature µeff. The observation that EA is independent of conduction state energy, and that changes in trapped charge with temperature correlate with room temperature µeff, support the applicability of trap‐limited mobility models such as a MTR mechanism to this materials set.
Zeolite Catalysts with Tunable Hierarchy Factor by Pore‐Growth Moderators
Authors: Pérez‐Ramírez Javier , Verboekend Danny , Bonilla Adriana , Abelló Sònia 
Published: November 2009

AbstractThe design of hierarchical zeolite catalysts is attempted through the maximization of the hierarchy factor (HF); that is, by enhancing the mesopore surface area without severe penalization of the micropore volume. For this purpose, a novel desilication variant involving NaOH treatment of ZSM‐5 in the presence of quaternary ammonium cations is developed. The organic cation (TPA+ or TBA+) acts as a pore‐growth moderator in the crystal by OH−‐assisted silicon extraction, largely protecting the zeolite crystal during the demetallation process. The protective effect is not seen when using cations that are able to enter the micropores, such as TMA+ Engineering the pore structure at the micro‐ and mesolevel is essential to optimize transport properties and catalytic performance, as demonstrated in the benzene alkylation with ethylene, a representative mass‐transfer limited reaction. The hierarchy factor is an appropriate tool to classify hierarchically structured materials. The latter point is of wide interest to the scientific community as it not only embraces mesoporous zeolites obtained by desilication methods but it also enables to quantitatively compare and correlate various materials obtained by different synthetic methodologies.
Ultralow‐Fouling, Functionalizable, and Hydrolyzable Zwitterionic Materials and Their Derivatives for Biological Applications
Authors: Jiang Shaoyi , Cao Zhiqiang 
Published: November 2009

AbstractIn recent years, zwitterionic materials such as poly(carboxybetaine) (pCB) and poly(sulfobetaine) (pSB) have been applied to a broad range of biomedical and engineering materials. Due to electrostatically induced hydration, surfaces coated with zwitterionic groups are highly resistant to nonspecific protein adsorption, bacterial adhesion, and biofilm formation. Among zwitterionic materials, pCB is unique due to its abundant functional groups for the convenient immobilization of biomolecules. pCB can also be prepared in a hydrolyzable form as cationic pCB esters, which can kill bacteria or condense DNA. The hydrolysis of cationic pCB esters into nonfouling zwitterionic groups will lead to the release of killed microbes or the irreversible unpackaging of DNA. Furthermore, mixed‐charge materials have been shown to be equivalent to zwitterionic materials in resisting nonspecific protein adsorption when they are uniformly mixed at the molecular scale.
Critical flux determination by flux‐stepping
Authors: Beier Søren Prip , Jonsson Gunnar 
Published: November 2009

AbstractIn membrane filtration related scientific literature, often step‐by‐step determined critical fluxes are reported. Using a dynamic microfiltration device, it is shown that critical fluxes determined from two different flux‐stepping methods are dependent upon operational parameters such as step length, step height, and flux start level. Filtrating 8 kg/m3 yeast cell suspensions by a vibrating 0.45 × 10−6 m pore size microfiltration hollow fiber module, critical fluxes from 5.6 × 10−6 to 1.2 × 10−5 m/s have been measured using various step lengths from 300 to 1200 seconds. Thus, such values are more or less useless in itself as critical flux predictors, and constant flux verification experiments have to be conducted to check if the determined critical fluxes can predict sustainable flux regimes. However, it is shown that using the step‐by‐step predicted critical fluxes as start guesses, in our case, in constant flux verification experiments for 5 and 1/2 hours, a sustainable flux was identifiable. © 2009 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2010
Methodology for the design and evaluation of distillation systems: Exergy analysis, economic features and GHG emissions
Authors: Kencse Hajnalka , Mizsey Peter 
Published: November 2009

AbstractThis work presents a process design methodology that evaluates the distillation systems based on exergetic, economic, and greenhouse gas (GHG) emission aspects. The aim of the methodology is to determine how these three features should be applied in process design to obtain information about the accuracy of the design alternatives. The methodology is tested and demonstrated on three different energy‐integrated distillation systems: the direct sequence with backward heat‐integration (DQB), fully thermally coupled distillation column (FTCDC), and sloppy distillation system with forward heat‐integration (SQF). The average relative emission saving is the highest for the DQB scheme and this sequence shows the most flexible range of use. The case studies prove the accuracy of our evaluation methodology. On the other hand, it highlights and demonstrates that the exergy analysis can predict the results of the economic study and the environmental evaluation to make the decisions, associated with process design, much simpler. © 2009 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2010
Heritability of serum iron measures in the hemochromatosis and iron overload screening (HEIRS) family study
Authors: McLaren Christine E. , Barton James C. , Eckfeldt John H. , McLaren Gordon D. , Acton Ronald T. , Adams Paul C. , Henkin Leora F. , Gordeuk Victor R. , Vulpe Chris D. , Harris Emily L. , Harrison Barbara W. , Reiss Jacob A. , Snively Beverly M. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractHeritability is the proportion of observed variation in a trait among individuals in a population that is attributable to hereditary factors. The Hemochromatosis and Iron Overload Screening family study estimated heritability of serum iron measures. Probands were HFE C282Y homozygotes or non‐C282Y homozygotes with elevated transferrin saturation (TS > 50%, men; TS > 45%, women) and serum ferritin concentration (SF > 300 μg/L, men; SF > 200 μg/L, women). Heritability (h2) was estimated by variance component analysis of TS, natural logarithm (ln) of SF, and unsaturated iron‐binding capacity (UIBC). Participants (N = 942) were 77% Caucasians, 10% Asians, 8% Hispanics, and 5% other race/ethnicities. Average age (SD) was 49 (16) years; 57% were female. For HFE C282Y homozygote probands and their family members, excluding variation due to HFE C282Y and H63D genotype and measured demographic and environmental factors, the residual h2 (SE) was 0.21 (0.07) for TS, 0.37 (0.08) for ln SF, and 0.34 (0.08) for UIBC (all P < 0.0004 for comparisons with zero). For the non‐C282Y homozygote proband group, residual h2 was significant with a value of 0.64 (0.26) for ln SF (P = 0.0096). In conclusion, serum iron measures have significant heritability components, after excluding known genetic and nongenetic sources of variation. Am. J. Hematol. 85:101–105, 2010. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Sex differences in vocal patterns in the northern muriqui (Brachyteles hypoxanthus)
Authors: Arnedo Luisa F. , Mendes Francisco D.C. , Strier Karen B. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractWe investigated whether sex differences in spatial dynamics correlate with rates of staccato and neigh vocalizations in northern muriquis (Brachyteles hypoxanthus) at the Reserva Particular do Patrimônio Natural–Feliciano Miguel Abdala, Minas Gerais, Brazil. A total of 2,727 10 min focal subject samples were collected on 32 adult females and 31 adult males between April 2007 and March 2008. Compared with males, females spent a significantly lower proportion of their time in proximity to other group members and gave staccatos at significantly higher rates while feeding, resting, and traveling. Conversely, males emitted neigh vocalizations at significantly higher rates than females when feeding and resting only. Both sexes gave significantly more staccatos when feeding than when they were engaged in other activities, but their respective rates of neighs did not vary across activities. Both females and males emitted staccato vocalizations at significantly higher rates during times of the year when preferred foods were scarce, but no seasonal differences in the rates of neigh vocalizations were observed in either sex. Females and males showed a reduction in the number of neighbors following staccato vocalizations and an increase in the number of neighbors following neigh vocalizations. Our findings of sex differences in the rates of staccato and neigh vocalizations and the effects of these vocalizations on interindividual spacing are consistent with sex differences in spatial dynamics, and confirm the role of vocal communication in mediating spatial associations in this species. Am. J. Primatol. 72:122–128, 2010. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Activated sludge dewatering in a filtration compression cell: deviations in comparison to the classical theory
Authors: Raynaud M. , Vaxelaire J. , Heritier P. , Baudez J.‐C. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractWastewater treatment plants produce a residue that must be usually dewatered to reduce volume before handling and disposal, but operating parameters may impact activated sludge dewatering. On the one hand, the results obtained from tests conducted in the filtration–compression cell (FCC) show an impact of the initial slurry concentration and its amount on filtration kinetic. However, a scaling with respect to the initial amount enables an interesting representation of these data. On the other hand, the working pressure does not modify filtration kinetics, but it has a significant effect on the expression stage. Larger amount of filtrate is extracted when a higher pressure is applied for the expression stage. Moreover, the squeezing ability of the filter cake greatly depends on the time when the pressure step is applied. All these results are not fully modelled by the current theories, and Ruth's equation, which is commonly used, has its limitations in being able to properly describe activated sludge filtration. Because the visco‐elastic behaviour of filter cake is generally not considered by classical dewatering models, further work is needed to take into account this phenomenon. Copyright © 2009 Curtin University of Technology and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.