bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Addressing viral hepatitis C reinfections in a low-threshold programme for people who inject drugs in Slovenia
Authors: Černoša Jasna , Volkar Jelka Meglič , Poljak Mario , Perme Maja Pohar , Lazarus Jeffrey Victor , Matičič Mojca 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection remains a public health threat. Although therapy with direct-acting antivirals made its elimination possible, major challenges remain in treating vulnerable populations, such as people who inject drugs (PWID) enrolled in low-threshold programmes (LTPs). This study analysed the outcome of HCV management focused on HCV reinfection in a specifically designed model-of-care (MoC) for PWID in Slovenia, where treatment is prescribed without limitations, though only by specialist physicians.

Methods
All HCV antibody (anti-HCV) positive users of a MoC, combining HCV management at Clinic for Infectious Diseases at the University Medical Centre in Ljubljana and LTP for PWID in 100 km distanced civil society organisation (CSO) Svit Koper, between January 2017 to December 2022, were included. The MoC enabled regular transportation of PWID between LTP and the Clinic, where specifically assigned services for individually tailored HCV management in cooperation with CSO were available. Data on participants´ demographic, epidemiological, and clinical characteristics were collected partly retrospectively and prospectively, with a particular focus on HCV treatment outcome and reinfection status, and analysed accordingly.

Results
The study included 49 anti-HCV positive PWID with a mean age of 38.7 (standard deviation (SD) = 7.6) years at first visit. The majority was male (40/49, 81.6%); 16/49 (32.7%) experienced previous incarceration, 14/49 (28.6%) were experiencing homelessness, and 42/49 (85.7%) were receiving opioid agonist therapy. A total of 42/49 (83.7%) were HCV RNA-positive. Of them 36/42 (85.7%) started HCV treatment at a mean age of 42.7 (SD = 5.7) years and 33/36 (91.7%) completed treatment. Six (14.3%) HCV RNA-positive PWID died. Among 28/33 (84.9%) who achieved a sustained virological response 12 weeks post treatment, 6/28 (21.4%) presented with reinfection. The HCV reinfection rate was 13.3 per 100 – PY (95% confidence interval (CI) [6.0, 29.7]), the rate of positive HCV RNA re-test was 12.2 per 100 – PY (95%CI [7.7–16.7]), while hazard of reinfection in our cohort increased with time, with the estimated reinfection probability exceeding 0.5 at 4 years.

Conclusions
In marginalised population of PWID attending LTP, a sustainable HCV RNA re-screening and follow-up after HCV cure are necessary, as the risk of reinfection remains high.
Socioecological correlates of parental lifestyle patterns during the antenatal period
Authors: Lecorguillé M. , Schipper M. C. , Aubert A. M. , Douglass A. , Tafflet M. , Vrijheid M. , Kelleher C. , Phillips C. M. , Gaillard R. , Heude Barbara , Lioret Sandrine 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
This study aimed to explore socioecological correlates of parental lifestyle patterns during pregnancy, an overlooked topic except for individual socioeconomic factors.

Methods
We used data from three European mother-offspring cohorts participating in the EndObesity Consortium [EDEN, France, n = 1,962; Generation R, the Netherlands, n = 8,765; and Lifeways, Ireland, n = 932]. In previous principal component analysis, we identified two separate parental lifestyle patterns in pregnancy, characterised by: 1) “high parental smoking, poor-quality maternal diet, and low physical activity”; and 2) “low parental body mass index (BMI) and high gestational weight gain (GWG)”. Applying the socioecological model, we conducted multivariable linear regression analyses on lifestyle pattern scores (outcomes), first including parental socioeconomic and sociodemographic characteristics (block 1), then the urban environment (block 2), and finally psychosocial factors and health-care access (block 3).

Results
Older parents, those born abroad, or with high SEP had lower scores for the first lifestyle pattern. Conversely, multiparous mothers, those with suboptimal health insurance coverage, or who did not attend parenting preparation sessions followed that pattern more closely. Multiparous mothers, parents with a low SEP, or living in highly deprived areas had lower scores on the second pattern, contrary to those exposed to high population density or living in a neighbourhood with high facility richness.

Conclusions
Higher SEP, a foreign birthplace, wealthier neighbourhoods, and attendance at antenatal parenting preparation sessions were associated with healthier parental lifestyles during pregnancy. These potential facilitators should be considered for inclusion in tailored family-based health promotion interventions during the perinatal period.
Quantification of facial cues for acute illness: a systematic scoping review
Authors: Cramer Iris C. , Cox Eline G. M. , de Kok Jip W. T. M. , Koeze Jacqueline , Visser Martje , Bouma Hjalmar R. , De Bie Dekker Ashley , van der Horst Iwan C. C. , Bouwman R. Arthur , van Bussel Bas C. T. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Importance
The patient’s face provides healthcare professionals with important information about the patient’s general appearance and clinical condition.

Objective
The primary aim of this review is to identify patients’ facial cues that healthcare providers can use at the bedside to monitor the clinical condition of acutely ill patients.

Evidence review
Studies about facial cues for acute illness were systematically searched in PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, and Cumulative Index to Nursing & Allied Health (CINAHL) databases. Studies on vital signs, pain, psychiatric illnesses, animal studies, qualitative studies, case reports, and systematic reviews were excluded. Acute illness was defined as any life-threatening condition or condition that required immediate intervention to prevent serious morbidity, permanent disability, or mortality. An overview of all identified facial cues was created.

Findings
In total, 35 different facial cues were identified in 13 studies. A total of 21 were related to facial appearance, with the most frequently reported cues being closed eyes (2 studies), pale lips (2 studies), parted lips (3 studies), droopy mouth (3 studies), and paler skin tone (2 studies). In addition, 14 facial expression features were identified, characterized primarily by more sad, less happy, and less surprised. Most cues have only been described in a single study without external validation, limiting the generalizability of definitions of these cues and their clinical applicability.

Conclusions and relevance
This systematic scoping review identified 35 facial cues associated with acute illness in patients in the hospital, highlighting the potential of facial observation to enhance clinical assessments. However, the lack of standardization limits applicability in healthcare. Future research should refine the setting of acute illness, develop diverse datasets, and validate the predictive value of facial cues across various populations.
Effects of biobanding on training loads and technical performance of young football players
Authors: de Macedo Jaimar Fellipe Silva , Laerte Lopes Ribeiro Bruno , de Morais Ferreira Ayrton Bruno , Oliveira Ricardo Santos , Mortatti Arnaldo Luis 
Published: February 2025

Background
In adolescent sports, grouping by chronological age can advantage athletes born early in the year due to maturation differences. Early maturing athletes often achieve greater performance gains, are perceived as more talented, and receive more specialized training and workloads. This study aimed to assess the effects of biobanding on internal and external training loads, as well as technical performance during small-sided games (SSGs).

Methods
Twenty male footballers (11.8 ± 1.15 years) participated in this study. Athletes engaged in small-sided games (SSGs) under two conditions: (1) CA–teams formed based on chronological age; and (2) BIO–teams formed based on age relative to peak height velocity (pre-PHV = -2.5 to -1.5, and PHV = -1.5 to -0.5). External load (ETL) was quantified using the PlayerLoad method, while internal load (ITL) was measured using both training impulse (TRIMP) and session-RPE. Player involvement was determined by summing all technical actions performed during the SSGs, with involvement in the game assessed through video analysis of the sessions.

Results
BIO games significantly increased ETL for pre-PHV (EM = 415.5; 95%CI = 381.5–449.5 a.u.) compared to the CA games (EM = 388.8; 95% CI = 354.8–422.8 a.u.). PHV players had lower ETL (EM = 354.4; 95% CI = 320.4–388.4 a.u.) in BIO compared to CA games (EM = 366.0; 95% CI = 332.0–400.0 a.u.). No significant ITL differences were observed. BIO lowered steals among pre-PHV players vs. CA.

Conclusion
Biobanded games significantly increased external load (ETL) for pre-PHV players; however, this increase was not substantial enough to affect internal load (as measured by session-RPE and TRIMP) or player involvement.
The effectiveness and safety of physical activity and exercise on women with endometriosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Xie Min , Qing Xuemei , Huang Hailong , Zhang Linyun , Tu Qin , Guo Hongying , Zhang Jing 
Published: February 2025

Background
Endometriosis is a debilitating, chronic disease that affects approximately 10% of women of reproductive age worldwide. The most common symptom is chronic pelvic pain, which leads to a reduced quality of life and requires lifelong treatment. The current standard of care for endometriosis is pain management, which consists mainly of medical and surgical treatment. Appropriate physical activity (PA) and exercise can help manage both physical and psychological symptoms of chronic conditions. Consequently, this systematic review and meta-analysis was designed to assess the effectiveness and safety of PA and exercise in women with endometriosis.

Methods
We searched the published literature in Pubmed, Medline, Embase, The Cochrane Library, and Web of Science. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were obtained to assess the effects of physical activity and exercise on women with endometriosis. The random or fixed effects model was used to analyze the data in meta-analysis. The results were expressed as weighted mean differences (WMD) and their corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs).

Results
Six RCTs were identified in our systematic review, involving 251 patients. The results indicated that physical activity and exercise have a beneficial impact on quality of life, pain intensity, mental health, pelvic floor dysfunction, and bone density. However, due to the heterogeneity of the outcome measures and the incomplete reporting of the results in the studies included in this review, only a simple meta-analysis of two studies could be performed. The meta-analysis demonstrated that physical activity and exercise have a significant impact on the improvement of quality of life, particularly in the context of pain (P <0.0001), control and powerlessness (P <0.00001), and emotional well-being (P = 0.006).

Conclusion
The present review indicates that physical activity and exercise have beneficial effects on the treatment of symptoms associated with endometriosis, particularly in terms of improving quality of life and providing pain relief. Due to the limitation in the quality of involved studies and the short duration of treatment, more RCTs with high-quality, long-term duration are needed for further validation.

Trial registration
Systematic review registration: Registration number: CRD 42024547551.
Planerische Adressierung von Logistikflächen in der Raumordnung. Eine beispielhafte Auswertung (über)regionaler Raumordnungspläne
Authors: Thiemermann Andre 
Published: February 2025

Currently, there are reasons for taking logistics up in spatial planning, including the large land consumption of logistics facilities and the urgent implementation of a sustainable transport system. One planning option is to secure suitable land for logistics facilities in formal spatial development plans. To date, only a limited number of studies have been carried out on this specific implementation. This paper uses 17 regional plans as examples to examine the planning instruments and planning focus with which this task is currently being implemented in German regional plans. The analysis of the regional plans at hand shows that half of the regional plans use planning instruments to address logistics facilities. In some regional plans, only defined logistics segments are addressed in planning, e.g. the establishment of port-related industries in the proximity of ports. To term land for logistics infrastructure like ports and inland terminals on the other hand, is much more established and is included in almost all plans. Taking up planning for locations of logistics facilities in regional plans takes place when logistics is defined as an economic focus, logistics is considered relevant for the functioning of the regional economy or planning locations for logistics facilities are required by state planning regulations.
Cauchy formula for vector-valued holomorphic functions and the Cauchy-Kovalevskaja theorem
Authors: Barletta Elisabetta , Dragomir Sorin , Esposito Francesco 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
We establish a version of the Cauchy integral formula for holomorphic functions on a polidisc, with values in a complex Fréchet space

X

{\mathfrak{X}}

. We prove a vector-valued analog to Weierstrass’s theorem on sequences of holomorphic functions

f

ν

∈
O

(

Ω
,
X

)

{f}_{\nu }\in {\mathcal{O}}\left(\Omega ,{\mathfrak{X}})

converging uniformly on compact subsets of

Ω
⊂

C

n

\Omega \subset {{\mathbb{C}}}^{n}

. We obtain a Cauchy-Kovalevskaja-type theorem, i.e., prove existence of

X

{\mathfrak{X}}

-valued

C

ω

{C}^{\omega }

solutions to the Cauchy problem

P

(

x
,
D

)

u
=
f

P\left(x,D)u=f

on

U
⊂
Ω

U\subset \Omega

and

(

∂

j

u

/

∂

x

n

j

)

∣

x

n

=
0

=

φ

j

({\partial }^{j}u/\partial {x}_{n}^{j}){| }_{{x}_{n}=0}={\varphi }_{j}

on

U

0

=
U
∩

{

x

n

=
0

}

{U}_{0}=U\cap \{{x}_{n}=0\}

,

j
∈

{

0
,
1
,

…

,
m
−
1

}

j\in \left\{0,1,\ldots ,m-1\right\}

, where

P

(

x
,
D

)

≡

∑

∣
α
∣
≤
m

a

α

(

x

)

D

α

P\left(x,D)\equiv {\sum }_{| \alpha | \le m}{a}_{\alpha }\left(x){D}^{\alpha }

and

a

α

∈

C

ω

(

Ω

)

{a}_{\alpha }\in {C}^{\omega }\left(\Omega )

,

f
∈

C

ω

(

Ω
,
X

)

f\in {C}^{\omega }\left(\Omega ,{\mathfrak{X}})

and

φ

j

∈

C

ω

(

Ω

0

,
X

)

{\varphi }_{j}\in {C}^{\omega }\left({\Omega }_{0},{\mathfrak{X}})

, with

0
∈
Ω
⊂

R

n

0\in \Omega \subset {{\mathbb{R}}}^{n}

open and

Ω

0

=
Ω
∩

{

x

n

=
0

}

{\Omega }_{0}=\Omega \cap \left\{{x}_{n}=0\right\}

. The existence of an open set

0
∈
U
⊂
Ω

0\in U\subset \Omega

and of a solution

u
∈

C

ω

(

U
,
X

)

u\in {C}^{\omega }\left(U,{\mathfrak{X}})

to the Cauchy problem requires the structural condition

a

(

0
,

…

,
0
,
m

)

(

0

)

≠
0

{a}_{\left(0,\ldots ,0,m)}\left(0)\ne 0

and relies, as well as in the classical case of scalar valued solutions, on the Cauchy integral formula and on Weierstrass’ theorem for

X

{\mathfrak{X}}

-valued holomorphic functions.
Hadamard square of linear codes and the generalized minimal distance of Reed–Muller code of order 2
Authors: Chizhov Ivan V. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
We propose a new technique for dimensional analysis of the Hadamard (Schur) square of an error-correcting linear code. This is usually achieved by a representation of the Hadamard square as an image of some linear operator defined on the set of quadratic forms. A link between the dimension of the Hadamard square the rank of some submatrix of the generating matrix of the code containing the set of vector values of quadratic forms is established. So the dimensional analysis of the Hadamard square can be carried out with the extensive code-based machinery rather than via the approach with estimation of the number of joint zeros of the set of quadratic forms. As a result and we establish a nonasymptotic estimate for the probability that the Hadamard square of a random linear code fills the entire space. This estimate can be used for cryptographic analysis of post-quantum code-based cryptosystems.
All-optical switch exploiting Fano resonance and subwavelength light confinement
Authors: Saudan Quentin , Bekele Dagmawi A. , Xiong Meng , Yvind Kresten , Galili Michael , Mørk Jesper 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
We propose and experimentally demonstrate a small-mode volume bowtie cavity design for all-optical switching applications using a waveguide-cavity structure that exploits asymmetric Fano resonance lineshapes. The bowtie cavity has a mode volume that is five times smaller than conventional (H0-type) photonic crystal point-defect cavities enabling higher nonlinearity and faster switching. Blue and red-detuned Fano resonant devices based on bowtie cavity designs have been fabricated and characterized. Measured linear transmission spectra have been compared to coupled-mode theory models to extract key parameters such as Q-factors. Furthermore, all-optical switching at 2.5 Gbps have been demonstrated in a wavelength-conversion experiment.
ОТ ЗНАНИЯ К ПОНИМАНИЮ
Authors: ШЕВЧЕНКО А.А. 
Published: February 2025

В статье рассмотрены две основные эпистемические установки - знание и понимание, варианты их соотношения и динамика соответствующих представлений в современной эпистемологии и философии науки. Показано, что сдвиг интереса в сторону понимания произошел во многом вследствие неудовлетворенности классическим трехчастным определением знания и необходимостью реагировать на ситуации геттиеровского типа. Отдельно рассмотрена ситуация разрыва между знанием и пониманием - так называемая возможность «знания без понимания», уточнены отличительные характеристики и особенности понимания в познавательной деятельности, а также показаны опасности и возможные социальные последствия разрыва между знанием и пониманием
The article considers two main epistemic attitudes - knowledge and understanding, variants of their correlation and dynamics of the respective ideas in contemporary epistemology and philosophy of science. It is shown that the shift of interest towards understanding has largely occurred due to dissatisfaction with the classical three-part definition of knowledge and the need to respond to Gettier-type situations. The gap between knowledge and understanding, i.e. the so-called possibility of “knowledge without understanding”, is considered separately. The distinctive characteristics and features of understanding in cognitive activity are specified. The dangers and possible social consequences of the gap between knowledge and understanding are explicated
Pediatric Mental Health Boarding: 2017 to 2023
Authors: Snow Kathleen D. , Mansbach Jonathan M. , Cortina Christopher , Berry Jay G. , Growdon Amanda S. , Stoeck Patricia A. , Walsh Kathleen 
Published: February 2025

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES
Boarding for pediatric mental health (MH) conditions is common at US children’s hospitals while patients await care at a psychiatric facility. We sought to describe recent trends in boarding encounters and to identify factors associated with prolonged length of stay.

METHODS
We performed a retrospective cross-sectional study analyzing pediatric MH boarding encounters at 40 tertiary children’s hospitals included in the Pediatric Health Information System database between January 1, 2017, and December 31, 2023. Children ages 3 to 18 presenting with a primary psychiatric diagnosis were included in the analysis. We assessed trends in boarding encounters and length of stay over time and analyzed variations in boarding practices among hospitals. Risk factors for prolonged boarding (≥9 days) were identified using mixed effects logistic regression models.

RESULTS
Between 2017 and 2023, there were 100 784 boarding encounters across 40 hospitals. Median length of stay for boarding encounters increased from 3 to 4 days (P &lt; .001) and 350 (0.3%) children had stays of longer than 100 days. Boarding practices varied significantly by hospital site. Factors associated with prolonged boarding included older age, government insurance type, increasing medical complexity, specific psychiatric disorder, season of presentation, and discharge disposition to home.

CONCLUSIONS
Boarding while awaiting acute psychiatric care remains common, with a sustained increase in the volume of boarding encounters and length of stay since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. Patients with medical and/or psychiatric complexity may be more likely to experience prolonged boarding, highlighting an area for improved access to care.
Strategic analysis of the activities of state outpatient medical organisations
Authors: Nankin O. O. 
Published: February 2025

Since the entire healthcare system operates in a dynamically changing and unpredictable environment, it requires strategic management. In order to achieve a socio-economic outcome in the context of Russian healthcare, state outpatient clinics will be the most important, as most goals and objectives can be achieved in an outpatient setting.The purpose of the study is a generalised assessment of the activities of all state outpatient medical institutions of the Russian Federation on key aspects of their activities in order to formulate a long-term development strategy for these institutions. This study uses the method of strategic analysis of the organisation's activities by means of PEST analysis. The PEST analysis was carried out with the participation of experts from various areas of the Russian Healthcare System.The results of the study. On the basis of the literature studied, the main factors that can influence the activities of the state polyclinic have been identified. These factors were selected by the author from a total of 40 questions and submitted for assessment by health professionals. Experts assessed the level of influence of the factor and the likelihood of the factor occurring in a state outpatient facility. On the basis of the estimates, a PEST analysis table has been compiled for the activities of governmental outpatient institutions. A weight-adjusted estimate is also calculated for each factor and a table of the influence of the factors in descending order is compiled. On the basis of this analysis, the main directions for the development of state outpatient medical institutions were formulated. The practical application of the results is possible in the conditions of the state outpatient medical service of the Russian Federation, since the main points of the development direction are formulated. The economic aspect of this study is the effective economic functioning of an outpatient institution based on a scientific approach in the field of strategic management. The originality and significance of this study lies in the fact that it conducts a PEST analysis in relation to state outpatient institutions of the Russian Federation, which has not been done before. The main scientifically based directions for the development of state outpatient medical institutions are also formulated.