bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
a5b1 integrin mediates survival of breast cancer cells in 3-dimensional culture that can be specifically targeted for therapy.
Authors: Nam J , Zhang HJ , Chung Y , Park CC 
Published: December 2010

Abstract
Abstract #4126
Background: β1 integrin signaling has been implicated in breast cancer progression and has been shown to facilitate resistance to radiation that could be abrogated using β1 integrin inhibitory antibody, AIIB2. In the present study, we investigated whether a specific alpha heterodimer of β1 integrin was preferentially mediating a pro-survival signal in human breast cancer cells, and if it could specifically be targeted for therapy.&#x2028; Materials and Methods: We used three-dimensional (3D) laminin-rich extracellular matrix (lrECM) culture to compare the relative levels of alpha heterodimer expression in malignant HMT3522-T4-2 and nonmalignant cell line HMT3522-S-1. Total cell lysates were probed by western blot to detect several possible alpha integrins. In addition, to investigate whether α5β1 mediated an important pro-survival signal, we treated 3D lrECM cultures with a small peptide inhibitor of α5β1 integrin and fibronectin interaction, Ac-PHSCN-NH2 (ATN-161) and measured apoptotic response using TUNEL (terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT)-mediated nick end labeling) assay.&#x2028; Results: We found that expression of α5β1 was upregulated in HMT3522-T4-2 malignant breast cell line compared to nonmalignant cell line HMT3522-S-1. Inhibition using ATN-161 resulted in a significant dose-dependent increase in TUNEL positive cells.&#x2028; Discussion: We have previously shown that inhibitory antibody to β1 integrin, AIIB2, leads to selective apoptosis and decreased proliferation in human breast cancer cells in 3DlrECM culture and in vivo. In addition, combining β1 integrin inhibition with IR allowed for reduction of IR dose necessary to achieve growth inhibition in vivo. Here, we show that in HMT3522-T4-2 breast cancer cell line, inhibition of α5 integrin and fibronectin interaction using ATN-161 significantly enhanced apoptosis in 3D lrECM. These data indicate that fibronectin and its receptor, α5β1 are important for survival signaling in breast cancer and may be an important target to enhance radiotherapy efficacy.
Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(2 Suppl):Abstract nr 4126.
Tumor location does not influence the survival effects of radiotherapy in node-negative breast cancer.
Authors: Royce M , Bouchardy C , Rapiti E , Vlastos G , Cserni G , Vinh-Hung V , Lamote J , Storme G , Nguyen NP , Truong PT 
Published: December 2010

Abstract
Abstract #4134
Background&#x2028; Medial (inner quadrants) tumor location has been shown to adversely influence survival in breast cancer. We investigated whether tumor location should alter the choice of local-regional treatments (surgery, with or without radiation therapy - RT), in women with node-negative breast cancer.&#x2028; Materials and methods&#x2028; Data were abstracted from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) 2006's database for 58,709 women aged 25-95 years, diagnosed between 1988-1997 with non-metastatic T1-2 node-negative breast cancer, who underwent breast conserving surgery (BCS) and axillary dissection. We used Cox proportional hazards to examine the effect of tumor location (medial versus other) on overall mortality after accounting for other prognostic factors (covariates listed in footnote table 1) and interactions identified by the Akaike Information Criteria.&#x2028; Results&#x2028; There were no notable differences in patients' characteristics according to tumor location. Among them, 25,232 had BCS, 33,477 had mastectomy. However the distribution according to the use of adjuvant RT showed marked heterogeneity. RT was used in 88% of BCS and in 3% of mastectomy patients. In the multivariate analysis that adjusted against the imbalances, medial location was associated with an increased mortality, hazard ratio (HR) 1.08 (95% confidence interval 1.04-1.13). Mastectomy had no significant impact on survival, HR=0.99 (0.92-1.07). RT was associated with a significant mortality reduction, HR=0.81 (0.75-0.88). There was no interaction between tumor location and surgery, or between tumor location and RT, while the interaction between surgery and RT was significant, HR=1.31 (1.14-1.51). The corresponding factorial summary showed no subgroup effect of tumor location: RT after BCS was associated with the same mortality reduction of 19% regardless of tumor location, and RT after mastectomy was associated with the same relative increase of 7% regardless of tumor location (Table 1).&#x2028; Conclusion&#x2028; We confirm the poorer prognosis associated with tumor medial location. However there was no subgroup effect. The survival outcomes of local-regional treatments were not affected by tumor location, arguing that tumor location is not a sufficient indication to modify local-regional treatments in node-negative patients. Local-regional treatment should be based on tumor characteristics and not tumor location.&#x2028; &#x2028;
Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(2 Suppl):Abstract nr 4134.
Evaluating the cosmetic outcome of breast reconstruction: a comparison of patients' and healthcare professionals' views and their associations with patient satisfaction and quality of life.
Authors: Potter S , Thomson HJ , Greenwood RJ , Cawthorn SJ , Beresford M , Calder MI , Rayter Z , Winters ZE 
Published: December 2010

Abstract
Abstract #4135
Introduction: Objective cosmetic assessment, performed by surgeons, has traditionally been used to evaluate the success of breast reconstruction (BR). It is unclear however, how this assessment relates to the patient's perception of the cosmetic outcome their reconstruction or to other key patient-reported outcomes such as satisfaction or health-related quality of life (HRQL). Here for the first time, we compare patients and healthcare professionals (HCPs) assessments of the cosmetic outcome of their breast reconstruction and evaluate whose opinion, if any, is associated with health-related quality of life (HRQL) and patient satisfaction.&#x2028; Methods: Women who had undergone immediate latissimus dorsi breast reconstruction between 6 and 60 months previously completed a study-specific cosmetic outcome questionnaire and 4 HRQL-instruments (EORTC-QLQ-C30+BR23, FACT-B, Body Image Scale (BIS) and HADS). Standardised 4-view photographic assessment was also performed for each woman and evaluated by a panel consisting of a breast surgeon, clinical oncologist, breast research nurse and female layperson. Weighted kappa statistics were used to investigate the agreement between patients' and panel members' evaluations of cosmetic outcome and overall patient satisfaction and Spearman's rank correlation was used to evaluate the association between these scores and HRQL domains. Full ethical approval was obtained for the study.&#x2028; Results: 75 women completed questionnaires and attended for photographic assessment. Poor agreement was seen between patient and panel cosmesis scores, ranging from kappa = 0.19 (lay person/patient) to kappa = 0.27 (oncologist/patient). Significant agreement was seen between the patient's assessment of cosmetic outcome and their overall satisfaction with their reconstruction (kappa 0.52), but there was no agreement between patients' overall satisfaction and the panel's assessment of cosmesis (kappa 0.02-0.27). Good cosmetic outcome, regardless of rater, however was associated with better body image scores and improved HRQL as assessed by total FACT-B-scores.&#x2028; Conclusions: Following breast reconstruction, cosmetic outcome appears to be associated with HRQL. Patients and HCPs, however, view cosmetic outcome very differently and ultimately only patients' cosmetic evaluation scores showed a good agreement with overall satisfaction, arguably the most important outcome of reconstructive surgery of this kind. The study suggests that traditional surgeon-led cosmetic assessments are of limited value in evaluating the true outcome of reconstruction and highlights that patient-reported outcomes should form an integral part of the comprehensive assessment of the success (or failure) of reconstructive surgery.
Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(2 Suppl):Abstract nr 4135.
Early arm swelling predicts development of lymphoedema after axillary clearance.
Authors: Morais SA , Morris J , Heslop T , Newcombe RG , Townson J , Mansel R , Bundred NJ , Trialists on Behalf of the ALMANAC 
Published: December 2010

Abstract
Abstract #4137
Lymphoedema (≥10% increase in arm swelling) occurs in 30% of patients after axillary clearance but the factors predicting the development of early lymphoedema (within 18 months of surgery) are unknown. To determine factors predicting lymphoedema at 18 months we analysed the ALMANAC trial database.&#x2028; Methods: All patients had baseline and prospective tape arm measurements, prior to undergoing axillary dissection and statistical analysis of 13 management variables affecting lymphoedema was performed.&#x2028; Results: Out of 407, 91 (25%) underwent axillary sampling and the remainder had clearance surgery. Mean increase in arm volume was 4.02% and 5.14% at 3 and 6 months respectively. By 18 months, 148 (36%) women out of 407 had developed lymphoedema.&#x2028; Arm volume increases of 5% or greater at 3 or 6 months predicted development of lymphoedema by 18 months (p≤0.01) and identified 56% of patients with lymphoedema at 18 months. Increase in age (p=0.039), extent of axillary surgery (p=0.045) and breast radiotherapy (p=0.022) were also significant predictors of lymphoedema at 18 months. In multivariate analysis only early arm swelling remained predictive of lymphoedema.&#x2028; &#x2028; Conclusions: Early arm swelling after axillary clearance predicts early lymphoedema. Baseline arm measurement of patients undergoing axillary clearance should be routine preoperative care to identify women who need early intervention with arm compression sleeves.
Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(2 Suppl):Abstract nr 4137.
Long-term follow-up results of endoscopy-assisted breast surgery (EBS) for early breast cancer.
Authors: Yom C , Min H , Park Y , Bae W 
Published: December 2010

Abstract
Abstract #4145
Introduction: Although endoscopy-assisted breast surgery(EBS) for early breast cancer had shown the excellent cosmetic outcomes, the application of ESSB is still controversial because of the scanty evidence of long-term safety and feasibility. This study is to evaluate the long-term outcome of endoscopy-assdisted breast surgery compared to conventional breast surgery for early breast cancer.&#x2028; Patients and Methods: Between January 2002 through December 2006, 76 patients(Group E) who had diagnosed breast cancer underwent EBS at Sungkyunkwan University Kangbuk Samsung Hospital. 52 patients(Group O) not greater than stage 2A who had undergone conventional breast surgery during same period were enrolled in this study. The clinicopathologic characteristics, postoperative outcomes, hospital courses, and long-term outcomes including cancer recurrence and 5 year survival were retrospectively compared between two groups. The survivals of all the patients were confirmed with 58.4 month median follow up duration. Results: Tumor sizes were larger in Group O than in Group E(p=0.000). Harvested lymph nodes were more in Group O than in Group E(p=0.000). Postoperative recovery was significantly faster in the Group E; drain was removed earlier(p=0.001) and the postoperative hospital stay was shorter(p=0.001). The mean operation time was significantly longer in the Group E(p=0.000). There were no differences in the operation related morbidity and mortality between the two groups. In comparison of adjuvant therapy, Group O were received more chemotherapy than Group E(p=0.018), but there were no statistical differences of radiotherapy and hormonal therapy between two groups. Subjective cosmetic results were excellent in 63.6% and good in 18.2% more than 1 year after surgery. There was follow-up loss in 3 cases. Cancer-related death occurred in only 1 patient(0.7%) in Group O. The overall 5-year survival rate(5YSR) of the Group O and Group E were 98.2% and 100% , repectively. The disease-free 5YSR of Group O and Group E was 91.3% and 86.9%, repectively. There were no statistical differences on the overall and disease-free 5YSR between the two groups(p=0.446, p=0.205). Cancer recurrence occurred in 5 cases including 2 local recurrences, 2 distant metastases, and 1 second non-breast primary cancer in Group O and 6 cases including 2 local recurrences, 2 regional recurrences, 1 distant metastasis and 1 second non-breast primary cancer in Group E and there was no statistical significance between two groups(p=0.787).&#x2028; Conclusions: Although the number and the qualification of the patients were so limited, our data suggest that endoscopy-assisted skin sparing breast surgery for early breast cancer is feasible and safe comparing to conventional breast surgery. We expect the results of the present study to be confirmed by prospective randomized analysis.
Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(2 Suppl):Abstract nr 4145.
The use of an equine collagen fleece (Gentafleece®) in T1 breast cancer surgery: preliminary results.
Authors: Buonomo O , Piccirillo R , Caramanica A , Andrich R , Tirelli C , La Pinta M , Scardamaglia F 
Published: December 2010

Abstract
Abstract #4147
Introduction: A prospective multicentric randomized study is being conduced by Breast Cancer Surgical Group of Rome in order to evaluate the benefits of the use of equine collagen (Gentafleece®) on surgical and aesthetic outcome in T1 breast cancer patients.&#x2028; Materials and Methods: One hundred and sixty T1 breast cancer patients have been randomized in two groups by four Roman Institutions in order to evaluate the potential clinical benefits of the use of equine collagen and gentamicine fleece (Gentafleece®). The parameters we studied and compared into the Gentafleece® and control group were: patients'satisfaction, seroma, hematoma, infections, fibrosis and aesthetic result. Both the groups underwent clinical and Ultrasound evaluations after One, Two, and Six months.&#x2028; Results: Belonging to Gentafleece® group, seroma was detected in 7 (5,6%) pts, hematoma in 4 (3,2%) cases, fibrosis and surgical suture aesthetic distortions in 14 (11,2%) pts. On the other hand, in control group were found: 20 (16%) cases of hematoma; 32 (25,6%) cases of seroma; 22 (17,6%) cases were represented by parenchimal fibrosis associated to surgical suture distortions. One case (0,8%) of so defined “reactive megalomasty” occurred in a patient previously treated by neo adjuvant chemotherapy (Gentafleece® group). One case (0,8%) of dermatitis occurred in the same group. In many cases the complete healing of surgical suture was anticipated into first Group. Infection or suture dehiscences occurred in two cases (1,6%) treated by Gentafleece® beside 13 cases (10,4%) of the control group.&#x2028; Discussion: This preliminary study seems to demonstrate that Gentafleece®, equine collagen and gentamicine fleece, is able to reduce the impact of seromas, ematomas, parenchimal fibrosis and surgical sutures and parenchimal aesthetic distortions in according to collagenic properties of cicatrization and hemostatic response. Furthermore Gentafleece® affords a significative antiinfective protection against surgical infection or suture dehiscence.
Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(2 Suppl):Abstract nr 4147.
Feasibility study on radiofrequency ablation followed by partial mastectomy for stage I breast cancer patients.
Authors: Imoto S , Wada N , Sakemura N , Hasebe T 
Published: December 2010

Abstract
Abstract #4150
Backgrounds: Breast-conserving surgery (BCS) is a standard care for early breast cancer patients. However, local control is not sufficient for surgery alone and breast irradiation and hormonal treatment in hormone-sensitive tumor are recommended to reduce 10% or less of local failure rate. To evaluate the safety and reliability of thermal ablation therapy instead of BCS, we performed radiofrequency ablation (RFA) for clinical stage I breast cancer patients.&#x2028; Patients and methods: The subject was T1N0 breast cancer patient with no extensive intraductal components. Under general anesthesia, sentinel node biopsy, and then RFA immediately followed by BCS was performed. Resected specimens were examined at 5 mm intervals by hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining and several slices of tumor and non tumor lesions in each case were also evaluated by nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) diaphorase staining.&#x2028; Results: Thirty of the 34 eligible patients were enrolled (88%) about 2 years. Tumor diameters by ultrasound ranged from 9 mm to 24 mm. RFA-relating adverse events were observed in 2 cases of skin burn and 7 of muscle burn in major pectral muscle. There was one case of technical failure due to insufficient electrode replacement into the tumor. Twenty-eight cases (93%) revealed pathological degeneration changes of tumor specimens with HE staining. However, 2 cases had viable tumor cells of intraductal components beyond ablated breast tissues. In 24 of the 26 cases (92%) examined by NADH diphorase staining, tumor viability was diagnosed as negative. Finally, the complete ablation rate was 87% (26/30).&#x2028; Conclusions: RFA proved to be reliable and feasible in clinical stage I breast cancer without extensive intraductal components. RFA will be an alternative to BCS as surgical treatment in such a case. Randomized clinical trials to compare RFA with BCS in breast cancer should be required.
Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(2 Suppl):Abstract nr 4150.
Protein levels of NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 and p53 correlate in breast tumors.
Authors: Hubackova M , Vaclavikova R , Kodet R , Mrhalova M , Kubackova K , Gut I , Soucek P 
Published: December 2010

Abstract
Abstract #4157
Background: NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) is integral flavoprotein responsible for detoxification and metabolism of quinoid compounds. NQO1 protects cells against accumulation of genotoxic quinoids, oxidative stress and stabilizes p53 from proteasomal degradation. The aim of this study was to follow the NQO1 role in breast carcinogenesis.&#x2028; Methods: Levels of NQO1 transcript were monitored in frozen tumor samples by real-time PCR with absolute quantification. NQO1 protein levels were evaluated by immunohistochemistry in paraffin-embedded tumor samples. NQO1-Pro187Ser polymorphism was assessed in lymphocyte DNA by PCR with restriction fragment analysis.&#x2028; Results: High interindividual variability in NQO1 expression among patients was observed. Wild-type genotype samples expressed NQO1 protein more often than heterozygotes (p=0.004; Fisher's exact test). We found strong correlation between NQO1 transcript and protein levels (p=0.004; T-test). Moreover, samples with negative NQO1 protein expression were often also negative for p53 expression (p=0.037; Fisher's exact test). No significant association of NQO1 levels and/or polymorphism with clinico-pathological characteristics of patients was found.&#x2028; Conclusions: One of major findings of this study is the observed correlation of protein levels of NQO1 and p53 in breast tumors. Ability of NQO1 to modulate the degradation of p53 in the 20S proteasome was previously reported by use of cell lines and animal models [1]. Our results obtained by the use of real tumor samples further support this concept and suggest that NQO1 may play important role in carcinogenesis.&#x2028; This study was supported by grants of Internal Grant Agency of Ministry of Health of the Czech Republic, no.: 9426-3, Grant Agency of the Czech Republic 305/07/P347 and the Grant Agency of Charles University, no.: 94507.1. Asher G, Lotem J, Kama R, Sachs L, Shaul Y: Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 98(3): 1188-1193, 2001.
Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(2 Suppl):Abstract nr 4157.
The role of ABCB1 transporter gene in breast cancer resistance.
Authors: Vaclavikova R , Nordgard SH , Alnaes GA , Hubackova M , Hlavata I , Kodet R , Mrhalova M , Pecha V , Kristensen VN , Gut I , Soucek P 
Published: December 2010

Abstract
Abstract #4158
Background: Cellular multidrug resistance (MDR) to anticancer drugs remains one of the primary causes of suboptimal outcomes in cancer therapy. ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters belong to a family of transporter proteins that contribute to drug resistance via ATP-dependent drug efflux pumps. The aim of this study was to assess the role and clinical impact of ABCB1 and other ABC transporter-related genetic factors in development of MDR.&#x2028; Material and Methods: Expression profile of ABC transporter genes (ABCB1, ABCC1/2, ABCG2) was evaluated in 90 breast cancer patients. Gene expression was quantified in samples from tumor and non-tumor breast tissues by real-time PCR. In addition, seven ABCB1 polymorphisms (SNPs) were analyzed using Nanogen electronic microarrays and compared with High Resolution Melting Analysis. Determination of associations between: 1/ expression of ABC transporters, 2/ genetic variability and 3/ haplotype pattern of ABCB1 on one side and clinico-pathological features including survival of patients on the other side was performed.&#x2028; Results: ABC transporters were expressed in majority of cases. Striking inter-individual variability in their expression was found. ABCB1 was down-regulated in 79.5% of all tumors, while opposite was observed for ABCC1/2 expression. Similar expression profiles were found in patients treated by neoadjuvant and adjuvant chemotherapy. Patients with high ABCB1 expression treated with P-gp substrates anthracyclines or taxane containing regimens had significantly shorter disease-free survival than those treated by other regimens (P = 0.031). In genetic variation studies, high frequencies of variant alleles in ABCB1 exon12 (C1236T, qT=38.3), exon21 (G2677T/A, qT=40.0) and exon26 (C3435T, qT=54.0) were observed. Individuals with variant alleles in exons12 and 26 had significantly lower ABCB1 expression in their tumors than patients with normal genotype. These two SNPs also correlated with estrogen receptor status of patients (P=0.011 and P=0.051 respectively).&#x2028; Conclusions: ABCB1 SNPs may affect function of protein by influencing the expression level and modify breast cancer prognosis. Especially, SNPs in exons 12 and 26 influenced ABCB1 expression and seem to be good candidates for cancer association studies. The observed association of ABCB1 SNPs with estrogen receptor status of patients warrants further research based on extended haplotype analysis. Moreover, high expression of ABCB1 in tumor tissue is considered to be an increased risk of failure of anthracycline or taxane-based chemotherapy. This work was supported by grants IGA 9426-3 and GACR 305/07/P347.
Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(2 Suppl):Abstract nr 4158.