bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prognostic Value of Cardiopulmonary Exercise Test in Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction after Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
Authors: Li Zhengyan , Fan Baochao , Wu Yifan , Rui Haomiao , Hu Yongcun , Gu Yingchun , Bai Juncai , Lu Liming , Wang Dongwei 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Objectives: To determine the independent risk factors of cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET) parameters related to adverse prognostic events within 5 years in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and establish a prediction model for the occurrence of adverse events within 5 years to provide a reference for cardiac rehabilitation training.
Methods: From August 2015 to December 2021, patients who underwent PCI for AMI and completed CPET within 1–2 weeks after surgery before discharge from the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine of Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Henan Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, and Anyang District Hospital were selected as participants. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to screen for independent risk factors associated with 5-year adverse events. Feature importance was interpreted using SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP), and a logistic regression model was established for prediction. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was constructed to evaluate the performance of the prediction model. Calibration was assessed by the Hosmer-Lemeshow test and the calibration curve.
Results: In total, 375 patients met the inclusion criteria, including 53 in the event group and 322 in the non-event group, according to whether adverse events occurred during the 5-year follow-up period. Peak oxygen uptake (peakVO2), carbon dioxide ventilation equivalent slope (VE/VCO2slop), and peak end-tidal carbon dioxide partial pressure (PETCO2) were three independent risk factors for re-acute myocardial infarction (re-AMI), heart failure (HF), and even death after PCI for AMI (P < 0.05). The SHAP plots demonstrated that the significant contributors to model performance were related to peakVO2, VE/VCO2slop, and PETCO2. The risk of adverse events was significantly reduced when the peakVO2 was ≥ 20 ml/kg/min and the VE/VCO2slop was < 33. The ROC curves of the three models were drawn, including the no-event and event groups, re-AMI group, and HF group, which performed well, with AUC of 0.894, 0.760, and 0.883, respectively. The Hosmer-Lemeshow test showed that the three models were a good fit (P > 0.05). The calibration curve of the three models was close to the ideal diagonal lines.
Conclusions: CPET parameters can predict the prognosis of adverse events within 5 years after PCI in patients with AMI and provide a theoretical basis for cardiac rehabilitation training.
The Embryological Characteristics and Clinical Outcomes of Oocytes with Indented Zona Pellucida
Authors: Lin Jie , Fang Lu , Yao Lv , Wang Haichao , Lan Hongyan , Tong Xiaomei 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Purpose
The aim of this study is to investigate the embryological characteristics and clinical outcomes of oocytes with indented zona pellucida (ZP).
Methods
A total of 109 in vitro fertilization (IVF) cycles from 56 subjects had all oocytes with an indented ZP (IZP). Another 1095 cycles of 574 subjects with oocytes retrieved on the same time were included as controls (NZP). The comparisons were conducted between two groups in embryological characteristics and clinical outcomes.
Results
The patients with IZP suffered from significantly prolonged duration of infertility and were more likely to have primary infertility. In embryonic development, oocytes with IZP demonstrated significantly lower rates of oocyte retrieved, oocyte maturity, normal fertilization, embryo cleavage and embryo utilization. Thirty-two patients with IZP participated in the fresh embryo transfer, with a clinical pregnancy rate of 43.8% and a live birth rate of 34.4%, which were significantly lower than NZP group. In addition, the clinical outcomes of frozen embryo transfer (FET) cycles showed no significant differences. Compared to the rescue- intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) group, ICSI regimen facilitated a substantially higher rates of oocyte fertilization, cleavage, and enhanced efficiency in embryo utilization.
Conclusions
Patients with IZP had unsatisfactory embryological and fresh embryo transfer outcomes, and it was a favor choice to use ICSI insemination timely. FET might potentially mitigate the impact of ZP abnormalities.
Reproductive outcomes in women with advanced endometriosis in fresh versus frozen embryo transfer cycles.
Authors: Shoukry Ahmed , Gazeirly Wael Samir El , Khattab Mohamed Abdelkader , Abdelmoneim Hesham Mahmoud Adel 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background: ART in women with endometriosis is associated with poor quality of the retrieved oocytes and lower fertilization and pregnancy rates, reflecting that endometriosis may influence fertility by altering the quality of both the oocyte and embryo quality and also by impairing the endometrial receptivity. On comparing endometriosis affected patients to healthy counterparts, many differences were demonstrated at the endometrial level. Thus, choosing the appropriate method of embryo transfer is of utmost importance, particularly for patients with advanced endometriosis. Objective: The aim of the present study was to compare the reproductive outcomes between fresh and frozen embryo transfer cycles in women with advanced endometriosis. A retrospective cohort study was conducted for patients recruited from two IVF centers, Alexandria, Egypt. Careful review of paper and electronic medical records of infertile women (primary, relative, or secondary infertility) aged 18 – 37 years who were diagnosed with advanced endometriosis by means of laparoscopy and were scheduled for ICSI followed by either fresh embryo transfer (group I) or freeze all embryos and deferred embryo transfer (group II) of day 5 embryo(s) were included in the study.
Results: Two hundred and eleven women were eligible and included in the study. Women in each study group were matched regarding baseline characteristics. Clinical pregnancy, implantation, ongoing pregnancy rates were statistically significant higher in the group of frozen embryo transfer (p<0.001). Miscarriage rate was found to be higher in the group of fresh transfer compared to FET group but without a statistical significance (20.9% vs 9.2%, p = 0.072).
Conclusion: In women with advanced endometriosis, freeze all policy is associated with better implantation, ongoing pregnancy rates and it is recommended to be adopted when appropriate in such patients.
Astragalus polysaccharides improve adjuvant chemotherapy-induced fatigue for patients with early breast cancer
Authors: Shen Wen-Chi , Chen Shin-Cheh , Wang Cheng-Hsu , Hung Chao-Ming , Peng Meng-Ting , Liu Chien-Ting , Chang Yueh-Shih , Kuo Wen-Ling , Chou Hsu-Huan , Yeh Kun-Yun , Wu Tsung-Han , Wu Chun-Feng , Chang Pei-Hung , Huang Yen-Min , Yu Chi-Chang , Lee Chun-Hui , Rau Kun-Ming 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Purpose
This study aimed to evaluate the effect of Astragalus polysaccharides (PG2) on reducing chemotherapy-induced fatigue (CIF) and toxicity, thereby encouraging compliance to chemotherapy.
Methods
This was a randomized, placebo-controlled, phase 2 study. Patients with stage II/III early breast cancer planning to undergo adjuvant anthracycline-based chemotherapy were randomly assigned to receive PG2 500 mg or placebo on days 1, 3, and 8 every 21 days. The fatigue global score (FGS) was assessed using the brief fatigue inventory (BFI)-Taiwan. The Breast Cancer-Specific Module of the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaires-Core30 evaluated the health-related quality of life during the first four cycles of adjuvant chemotherapy.
Results
Overall, 66 eligible patients were equally randomized into the PG2 and placebo groups between March 01, 2018, and March 09, 2021. The mean change in the FGS and fatigue intensity did not significantly differ between both groups. However, the FGS and fatigue intensity were less aggravated in the first four cycles in the premenopausal-PG2 group than in the placebo group.
Conclusion
PG2 combined with adjuvant chemotherapy can reduce CIF, insomnia, the negative effect on future perspectives, and improve global health status, especially for premenopausal patients with breast cancer.
Trial registration number: NCT03314805 registered on 19/10/2017.
Causal Cortical and Thalamic Connections in the Human Brain
Authors: Parvizi Josef , Lyu Dian , Stieger James , Lusk Zoe , Buch Vivek 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

The brain's functional architecture is intricately shaped by causal connections between its cortical and subcortical structures. Here, we studied 27 participants with 4864 electrodes implanted across the anterior, mediodorsal, and pulvinar thalamic regions, and the cortex. Using data from electrical stimulation procedures and a data-driven approach informed by neurophysiological standards, we dissociated three unique spectral patterns generated by the perturbation of a given brain area. Among these, a novel waveform emerged, marked by delayed-onset slow oscillations in both ipsilateral and contralateral cortices following thalamic stimulations, suggesting a mechanism by which a thalamic site can influence bilateral cortical activity. Moreover, cortical stimulations evoked earlier signals in the thalamus than in other connected cortical areas suggesting that the thalamus receives a copy of signals before they are exchanged across the cortex. Our causal connectivity data can be used to inform biologically-inspired computational models of the functional architecture of the brain.
Unveiling the Impact of High-Intensity Interval Training on Adolescent Middle-Distance Running Events through Heart Rate Variability Analysis
Authors: Mingyang Liu , Peng Zhang , Bo Leng , Weishuai Guo , Songwei Wei , Gang Wang , Kim Sukwon 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Purpose
This study aimed to investigate the impact of HIIT on sports performance and heart rate variability (HRV) in adolescents with prior sports experience.
Method
A randomized controlled experiment was conducted over 8 weeks, with participants engaging in either HIIT or moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT). The HIIT group consisted of 15 individuals, while the MICT group also comprised 15 participants, with an average age of (17.1 ± 0.61) years. Real-time heart rate monitoring was facilitated using Polar H10 heart rate chest straps, allowing precise tracking of subjects' heart rate dynamics and exercise intensity. HRV indicators were measured before and after the intervention, and sports performance was statistically analyzed.
Results
Post-test analysis revealed a significant improvement in performance for the HIIT group compared to the MICT group (MICT 140.93 ± 4.34 vs. HIIT 134.67 ± 4.51 s, p < 0.05). Two-factor analysis of variance revealed significant time effect (p = 0.0003) and interaction (time × group) effect (p = 0.0014), while no significant difference was observed in the group effect (p = 0.5633). Notably, HRV indicators (SDNN, LF, and LF/HF) exhibited significant improvements.
Conclusion
Evaluation based on heart rate variability indices indicates superior effectiveness of HIIT over MICT, underscoring the significance of tailored training interventions for young athletes. This research provides valuable insights for time-constrained teenagers seeking to optimize their exercise regimen.
Refuge preferences and web trap lines: the potential for competitive displacement of endemic katipō Latrodectus katipo by the invasive false katipō Steatoda capensis (Araneae: Theridiidae).
Authors: Roberts James Joseph , Wignall Anne , Brunton Dianne H. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Competitive displacement is a form of interspecific competition. Here, we explore the potential for competitive displacement in refuges of the endangered katipō spider (Latrodectus katipo) by the invasive false katipō (Steatoda capensis) (Araneae, Theridiidae). We conducted experimental assays using artificial refuges to test individual preferences for refuge shape, surface, and height. We also tested how refuge type affects the number of web trap lines used for prey capture. Both species preferred triangular refuges over rectangular refuges, with no evidence of a preference for other refuge types. For reasons which remain unclear, individuals varied in their preferences for surface and height. Katipō spiders showed site fidelity in all three assays, while false katipō spiders only showed site fidelity in the shape and surface assays. However, there was also evidence of individual variation in site fidelity in the shape assay. Spiders constructed more web trap lines beneath the triangular refuges, potentially due to their preference for triangular refuges. We suggest that overlapping refuge preferences, but not web structure, may contribute to competition and the potential for competitive displacement of the katipō by false katipō. Although not exclusively preferred by katipō, introducing artificial triangular refuges in katipō habitats should be tested as a means of supporting the persistence and expansion of katipō populations.
The value of shear wave elastography combined with red blood cell distribution width in evaluating arterial erectile dysfunction
Authors: Wang Qingyuan , Guo Yixuan , Zhang Hanqi , Qin Xiachuan , Zhang Chaoxue , zhou wang 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background
A prospective study was conducted to determine the value of shear wave elastography (SWE) and red blood cell distribution width (RDW) in the diagnosis of various forms of erectile dysfunction (ED).
Methods
With the method of Nocturnal Penile Tumescence and Rigidity (NPTR) and the screening method of Color Duplex Doppler Ultrasound (CDDU), hematological data were collected from 131 individuals, among whom 24 are with psychogenic ED, 48 are with non-arterial ED(NAED) and 59 are with arterial ED(AED) with erectile dysfunction. SWE value of penile corpus cavernosum(CCP) and cavernous arterial flow velocity were measured before (flaccid state) and after (erect state) intracavernous injection (ICI) in all patients.
Results
Among the AED patients and other types of ED patients, there were statistically significant differences in the abridged five-item International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF-5), red blood cell distribution width-coefficient of variation (RDW-CV), red blood cell distribution width-standard deviation (RDW-SD), and SWE values (all P < 0.01). In the AED patients, the IIEF-5 scores had a significant negative relationship with RDW-CV, RDW-SD, and SWE values, with SWE values having the strongest correlation. (p < 0.001, r=-0.638).
Conclusion
The combination of RDW level and SWE value demonstrated the greatest performance in diagnosing AED, according to the receiver-operator characteristic(ROC) curve analysis (AUC = 0.870, p < 0.0001, cut-off value of 0.75, sensitivity of 74.6%, specificity of 91.7%).RDW and SWE value may develop into an incredibly simple, practical tool for predicting and diagnosing AED.
Trial registration:
retrospectively registered.
Performance of heat-resisting functional polypropylene/hollow silica substrates for 6th generation wireless communication
Authors: Yang Kai-ru , Ouyang Shuang , Ma Ning , Hsu Tim , Huang Ya-qiong , Yeh Jen-Taut 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

The effects of density and shape of hollow silica (functionalized silica hollow tubes (FSHT) or hollow glass microspheres (FHGM)) on dielectric constant (εr) and dielectric loss (tan δ) of hindered phenol (HP) grafted functional polypropylene (FPP)/FSHT, heat-treated FPP (HTFPP)/FSHT, FPP/FHGM or HTFPP/FHGM substrate films were systematically investigated. The dielectric or free-volume-hole characteristics of FPP/FSHT, FPP/FHGM, HTFPP/FSHT, or HTFPP/FHGM films decrease to a minimum, as FSHT or FHGM contents approach an optimal value of 4wt% or 8wt%, respectively, and their dielectric or free-volume-hole characteristics decrease or increase gradually with increasing HP molar%. The minimum εr and tan δ of FPP/FSHT or HTFPP/FSHT films decrease significantly with decreasing FSHT’s densities. By filling with 0.46 g/cm3 identical density of hollow silica fillers, the minimum εr or tan δ procured for FPP/FSHT or HTFPP/FSHT films are somewhat smaller than those of corresponding FPP/FHGM or HTFPP/FHGM films. The linear coefficient of thermal expansion (LCTE) or onset degradation temperature (DTonset) of FPP/FSHT, HTFPP/FSHT, FPP/FHGM or HTFPP/FHGM films reduce or increase visibly with increasing FSHT or FHGM contents, respectively. All DTonset values of HTFPP/hollow silica films are ~ 150℃ higher than those of conventional PP polymers. Satisfactorily low εr/tan δ (1.74/0.0019, 1.83/0.0020, 1.83/0.0024 and 1.92/0.0028 at 1 MHz), LCTE (95×10− 6/℃, 89×10− 6/℃, 80×10− 6/℃ and 74×10− 6/℃) and pleasing heat-resisting properties for 6G ultrarapid communication are acquired for properly prepared FPP/FSHT, HTFPP/FSHT FPP/FHGM or HTFPP/FHGM substrate films having 1.2 HP molar% and 0.46 g/cm3 density of FSHT and FHGM fillers. Probable reasons accounting for these reduced dielectric, LCTE and improved heat-resisting characteristics are proposed.
The Effect of Antiseizure Medication on Mortality in Spontaneous Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
Authors: Kanter John Harold , Glaser Adam C. , Martinez-Camblor Pablo , Gerstl Jakob V.E. , Lebouille-Veldman Anna B , Arora Harshit , Buhl Lauren , Boone Myles Dustin , Ogilvy Christopher S 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background
Spontaneous aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in the United States. The efficacy of early antiseizure medication (ASM) is debated. Recent literature reports seizure rates ranging from 7.8% to 15.2% following spontaneous aSAH. Current guidelines recommend use of early ASM in patients with “high-risk features,” but whether early ASM use decreases the rate of death associated with aSAH remains unclear. This study assessed whether early administration of early ASM impacts mortality rates after spontaneous aSAH.
Methods
We conducted a retrospective cohort study using a publicly available dataset from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care-III (MIMIC) database of all patients over the age of 18 with spontaneous aSAH resulting in an intensive care unit (ICU) admission to a major United States trauma center from 2001 to 2012. The primary exposure was receiving early ASM and primary outcome of death within 7 days. Different regression models were created to explore the association between early ASM administration within 24 hours of admission and a composite outcome of seizure and/or death within 7 days of admission. Secondary outcomes included 30-day and one-year mortality.
Results
Of 253 patients with spontaneous aSAH, 148 received early ASM within 24 hours. Patients who did not receive early ASM were more likely to die within 7 days of admission (adjusted odd ratio, [aOR]: 0.25 95% CI 0.09 to 0.067; P=0.006) but were less likely to have a seizure (aOR: 7.65 95% CI 2.03 to 28.89).
Conclusion
Early ASM administration was associated with lower rates of seizure and/or death within 7 days of admission among patients who presented to an ICU with spontaneous aSAH. These findings suggest broader use of early ASM in patients who present with spontaneous aSAH may improve early mortality.
A Non-Linear Association of Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol with All-Cause and Cardiovascular and Mortality Among Patients with Hypertension: Results from the NHANES 1999–2018
Authors: Liang Guoliang , Ma Jiangwei , Zhang Wenhao , Gu Xinxin , Zhang Qiong , Liu Ankang , Qing Xinran 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background
Although numerous studies have examined the correlation between low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and mortality, no study has explored these associations in hypertensive populations. This study aims to investigate the relationship between low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and cardiovascular and all-cause mortality in adults with hypertension.
Methods
Hypertensive participants aged ≥ 18 years old from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 1999–2018 with blood lipid testing data and complete follow-up data until December 31, 2019 were enrolled in the analysis. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression were conducted for the calculation of hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). To visually represent the relationship between LDL-C and mortality, a restricted cubic spline (RCS) curve was created, and stratification analysis was also carried out.
Results
We analyzed 9,635 participants (49.6% male, mean age of 59.4 years). Following a median of 98 months of follow-up, there were 2,283(23.7%) instances of all-cause fatalities, with 758(7.9%) cases attributed to cardiovascular disease. Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed lower levels of LDL-C groups had a higher risk of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality; the LDL-C group's lowest level (< 2.198 mmol/L) still showed a 19.6% increased risk of all-cause mortality (p = 0.0068) in the the model that has been completely adjusted. Both all-cause mortality and cardiovascular mortality showed a non-linear association with LDL-C concentration in restricted cubic spline regression analysis.
Conclusions
In individuals with hypertension, LDL-C was linked to cardiovascular and all-cause mortality, and we further demonstrated that this relationship was non-linear.
Ultrasonic stress detection and regulation in the whole machining process of thin-walled part
Authors: Jia Jinjie , Lu Renhua , Song Wenyuan , Huang Mingcong , Zhang Ye , Yuan Xinman , Hou Junseng , Hu Zhiqing , Wang Feng , Huang Kun , Song Ge 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Thin-walled aerospace parts have the characteristics of large size, thin wall thickness and complex shape, etc. In the process of machining, poor rigidity and high material removal rate are easy to cause machining deformation due to uneven distribution of residual stress, and conventional detection methods and regulation means can not meet the needs of on-site production. In order to solve these problems, an effective method of ultrasonic nondestructive in-situ stress detection and ultrasonic stress regulation is proposed in this paper. Firstly, the ultrasonic residual stress detection and ultrasonic stress regulation are analyzed theoretically, and their working principles are explained, which provides a theoretical basis for the subsequent use of the equipment. Then, according to the deformable sections of large thin-walled parts in the production site, the typical characteristics are extracted to complete the design of the experimental part, and the residual stress detection and regulation of the whole machining process are studied. Finally, through two groups of comparison experiments, the changes of residual stress values in different depth ranges of parts and the changes of the flatness of the final parts are analyzed. The results show that the ultrasonic critical refraction longitudinal wave (LCR wave) method can be used to detect the residual stress of thin-walled parts in different depth ranges, and the ultrasonic stress regulation method can reduce and homogenize the stress of thin-walled parts, and the machining deformation and conformal ability of the parts are significantly improved after the stress regulation.