bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
SCOUT® Localization Using MRI Guidance: Initial Experience
Authors: Dashevsky Brittany Z , Yan Pamela , Liang Tie , Daniel Bruce L 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Objective
The Food and Drug Administration approved the MRI-compatible wireless SCOUT localization system in April 2022. The purpose of this study was to evaluate feasibility of SCOUT localization under MRI guidance. We present our initial experience adopting MRI-guided SCOUT localization and compare it to MRI-guided wire localization.

Methods
Electronic medical records and imaging were retrospectively reviewed for all patients who underwent MRI-guided SCOUT or wire localization at our institution between October 2022 and July 2023. Statistical analysis was performed using 2-sample proportion and Wilcoxon rank-sum tests.

Results
There were 14 MRI-guided SCOUT and 23 MRI-guided wire localization cases during the study period. All SCOUTs were placed without complication and were considered to be in adequate proximity to the target. There was no significant difference in complication rate (P = .25) or days lapsed from MRI-detected abnormality to surgery (P = .82) between SCOUT and wire cases. SCOUT was placed at time of biopsy for 71% (10/14) of cases. 57% (8/14) of SCOUT cases were used for breast conservation surgery (BCS) compared to 100% (23/23) of wire cases (P &lt;.01), with all 6 SCOUTs not used for BCS placed at time of biopsy.

Conclusion
MRI-guided SCOUT localization is feasible and offers an alternative to MRI-guided wire localization, with no SCOUT complications reported. SCOUT placement at time of biopsy obviates the need for an additional procedure, but predicting appropriateness is challenging, with 60% (6/10) of SCOUTs placed at time of MRI-guided biopsy not used for subsequent localization surgery.
Neuronal regulation of bone and tendon injury repair: a focused review
Authors: Xu Mingxin , Zhu Manyu , Qin Qizhi , Xing Xin , Archer Mary , Ramesh Sowmya , Cherief Masnsen , Li Zhao , Levi Benjamin , Clemens Thomas L , James Aaron W 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Beyond the sensation of pain, peripheral nerves have been shown to play crucial roles in tissue regeneration and repair. As a highly innervated organ, bone can recover from injury without scar formation, making it an interesting model in which to study the role of nerves in tissue regeneration. As a comparison, tendon is a musculoskeletal tissue that is hypo-innervated, with repair often resulting in scar formation. Here, we reviewed the significance of innervation in 3 stages of injury repair (inflammatory, reparative, and remodeling) in 2 commonly injured musculoskeletal tissues: bone and tendon. Based on this focused review, we conclude that peripheral innervation is essential for phases of proper bone and tendon repair, and that nerves may dynamically regulate the repair process through interactions with the injury microenvironment via a variety of neuropeptides or neurotransmitters. A deeper understanding of neuronal regulation of musculoskeletal repair, and the crosstalk between nerves and the musculoskeletal system, will enable the development of future therapies for tissue healing.
Fracture risk prediction in postmenopausal women with traditional and machine learning models in a nationwide, prospective cohort study in Switzerland with validation in the UK Biobank
Authors: Lehmann Oliver , Mineeva Olga , Veshchezerova Dinara , Häuselmann HansJörg , Guyer Laura , Reichenbach Stephan , Lehmann Thomas , Demler Olga , Everts-Graber Judith ,   The Swiss Osteoporosis Registry Study Group, Wenger Mathias , Oser Sven , Toniolo Martin , Schmid Gernot , Studer Ueli , Ziswiler Hans-Rudolf , Steiner Christian , Krappel Ferdinand , Pancaldi Piero , Kashiwagi Maki , Frey Diana , Zäch René , Weber Heinz 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Fracture prediction is essential in managing patients with osteoporosis and is an integral component of many fracture prevention guidelines. We aimed to identify the most relevant clinical fracture risk factors in contemporary populations by training and validating short- and long-term fracture risk prediction models in 2 cohorts. We used traditional and machine learning survival models to predict risks of vertebral, hip, and any fractures on the basis of clinical risk factors, T-scores, and treatment history among participants in a nationwide Swiss Osteoporosis Registry (N = 5944 postmenopausal women, median follow-up of 4.1 yr between January 2015 and October 2022; a total of 1190 fractures during follow-up). The independent validation cohort comprised 5474 postmenopausal women from the UK Biobank with 290 incident fractures during follow-up. Uno’s C-index and the time-dependent area under the receiver operating characteristics curve were calculated to evaluate the performance of different machine learning models (Random survival forest and eXtreme Gradient Boosting). In the independent validation set, the C-index was 0.74 [0.58, 0.86] for vertebral fractures, 0.83 [0.7, 0.94] for hip fractures, and 0.63 [0.58, 0.69] for any fractures at year 2, and these values further increased for longer estimations of up to 7 yr. In comparison, the 10-yr fracture probability calculated with FRAX Switzerland was 0.60 [0.55, 0.64] for major osteoporotic fractures and 0.62 [0.49, 0.74] for hip fractures. The most important variables identified with Shapley additive explanations values were age, T-scores, and prior fractures, while number of falls was an important predictor of hip fractures. Performances of both traditional and machine learning models showed similar C-indices. We conclude that fracture risk can be improved by including the lumbar spine T-score, trabecular bone score, numbers of falls and recent fractures, and treatment information has a significant impact on fracture prediction.
Inorganic phosphate additives in meals and adaptations to 5-days of dietary inorganic phosphate loading alter acute calcium homeostasis in two randomized cross-over studies in healthy adults
Authors: Turner Mandy E , Mazzetti Tom , Neville Kathryn , Ward Emilie C , Munroe Jenny , Adams Michael A , Holden Rachel M 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Diets containing inorganic phosphate additives are unbalanced with respect to calcium and these diets have been linked to the development of altered bone metabolism. Using 2 randomized cross-over studies in healthy humans, we (1) characterized the hormonal and urinary response to 2 meals with the same reported phosphorus amount (562–572 mg), where one was manufactured with inorganic phosphate additives and a comparatively lower Ca:P molar ratio (0.26 vs 0.48), and (2) assessed how acute homeostatic mechanisms adapt following 5-d exposure to recommended dietary phosphorus amount (~700 mg P/d) compared to a diet enriched with inorganic phosphate additives (~1100 mg P/d). Participants were then challenged with 500 mg of oral phosphorus in the form of inorganic phosphate after an overnight fast following each diet condition. Measurements included serum calcium, phosphate, PTH, and fibroblast growth factor 23 , vitamin D metabolites, and urine calcium and phosphate excretion. Following the meal containing inorganic phosphate additives with a low Ca:P ratio, serum phosphate was higher and more phosphate was excreted in the urine compared to the low additive meal. Although the Ca:P and calcium content was lower in the high additive meal, the same amount of calcium was excreted into the urine. Subsequently, increasing only dietary phosphate through additives resulted in lower 24-h excretion of calcium. The oral phosphate challenge promoted urinary calcium excretion, despite no consumption of calcium, which was attenuated when pre-acclimated to a high phosphate diet. These data suggest that ingestion of inorganic phosphate promotes calcium excretion, but homeostatic mechanisms may exist to reduce calcium excretion that are responsive to dietary intake of phosphate. Future studies are required to evaluate potential implication of diets enriched with inorganic phosphate additives on bone health.
Different dosage forms of gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist with endocrine therapy in premenopausal hormone receptor–positive breast cancer
Authors: Lin Jinna , Ouyang Yiye , Li Yudong , Jin Liang , Li Shunying , Liu Yujie , Yang Yaping , Shi Qianfeng , Zhu Mengdi , Cai Zijie , Wang Jingru , Liu Nianqiu , Hu Yue , Wu Zongqi , Wu Mengzi , Wong Lok Lam , Jiang Xiaoting , Wang Qi , Yang Wang , Liu Qiang 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background
Despite the wide use of a 3-month gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonist for ovarian function suppression in premenopausal breast cancer patients, it remains unclear whether it is as effective and safe as a 1-month GnRH agonist regimen when combined with selective estrogen receptor modulators or aromatase inhibitors, especially in younger patients.

Methods
This retrospective cohort study included 1109 premenopausal hormone receptor–positive breast cancer patients treated with GnRH agonist plus selective estrogen receptor modulator or aromatase inhibitor. The estradiol (E2) inhibition rate within 1-24 months after treatment with 1-month or 3-month GnRH agonist in cohorts and different subgroups was analyzed.

Results
Following 1:1 propensity score matching, 950 patients with a mean age of 39 years and a median follow-up of 46 months were included. Both the 1-month and 3-month groups achieved more than 90% E2 inhibition within 24 months (94.53% vs 92.84%, with a 95% confidence interval for the difference ranging from −4.78% to 1.41%), confirming the noninferiority of 3-month GnRH agonist. Both 1-month and 3-month GnRH agonist rapidly and consistently reduced E2 levels. Of the patients, 60 (6.3%) experienced incomplete ovarian function suppression, with similar rates in the 1-month and 3-month groups (5.5% vs 7.2%). Incomplete ovarian function suppression mainly occurred within the first 12 months, with age younger than 40 years and no prior chemotherapy being the risk factors. Similar disease-free survival and overall survival were found in the 1-month and 3-month groups and in patients with complete and incomplete ovarian function suppression (P &gt; .05).

Conclusions
The ovarian function suppression with 3-month GnRH agonist was not inferior to that with 1-month GnRH agonist, regardless of age or combination with a selective estrogen receptor modulator or an aromatase inhibitor.
Feasibility, acceptability, and initial efficacy of empathic communication skills training to reduce lung cancer stigma in Nigeria: a pilot study
Authors: Banerjee Smita C , Asuzu Chioma , Mapayi Boladale , Olunloyo Blessing , Odiaka Emeka , Daramola Oluwafemi B , Gilliland Jaime , Owoade Israel Adeyemi , Kingham Peter , Alatise Olusegun I , Fitzgerald Grace , Kahn Rivka , Olcese Cristina , Ostroff Jamie S 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Effective communication about cancer diagnosis and prognosis in sub-Saharan African oncology settings is often challenged by the cancer-related shame and stigma patients and families experience. Enhancing empathic communication between health care providers, including physicians and nurses, and oncology patients and their families can not only reduce cancer stigma but also improve patient engagement, treatment satisfaction, and quality of life. To reduce lung cancer stigma, we adapted an evidence-based empathic communication skills training intervention to reduce patients’ experience of stigma in Nigeria and conducted a pilot study examining the feasibility and acceptability of the empathic communication skills training. Thirty health care providers, recruited from University College Hospital, Ibadan, and Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex, Ile-Ife, participated in a 2.25-hour didactic and experiential training session. Participant surveys were completed before and after the training. Overall, participants reported highly favorable training evaluations, with at least 85% of health care providers agreeing or strongly agreeing to survey items assessing training relevance, novelty, clarity, and facilitator effectiveness. Self-efficacy to communicate empathically with patients increased significantly from before-training (Mean [SD] = 3.93 [0.28]) to after-training (Mean [SD] = 4.55 [0.15]; t29 = 3.51, P &lt; .05). Significant improvements were observed in health care provider reports of empathy toward lung cancer survivors and attitude toward lung cancer care as well as significant reductions in lung cancer blame were noted. The empathic communication skills training was feasible, well received by oncology clinicians in Nigeria, and demonstrated improvements in health care provider–reported outcomes from before- to after-training.
The Liminal Figure of the Civilian and the Necropolitics of Protection
Authors: Doucet Marc G 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Recent literature on contemporary humanitarian governance brings to light complex rationales of care and control that give expression to the ongoing coloniality of power. This paper examines the protection of civilians (PoC) from a similar vantage point. Over the past few decades, the goal of protecting civilians has produced a broad assemblage meant to guide military, police, and humanitarian operations in conflict environments. This paper argues that to “protect civilians” is to rationalize human life along a narrow biopolitical continuum grounded in the liminal figure of the civilian, a figure that in war can appear alive or dead. While the goal of protection is evidently to keep civilians alive, the rationality at work in the PoC assemblage has also given way to a particular form of necropolitics that enmeshes life and death. Following a familiar colonial profile, but one that functions to obscure racialization, the necropolitics at work in PoC begin with a quantificatory episteme of accounting for, and a counting of, civilian casualties. This has led to the establishment of civilian casualty tracking and mitigation cells as a model meant to generate lessons learned from civilian casualties. At work in the PoC, therefore, is a political theory of life that enmeshes a form of biopolitics and necropolitics: a politics of life and a politics of death.
Super-enhancer-driven ameboidal-type cell migration-related MMP14 expression in tongue squamous cell carcinoma switched by BATF and ATF3
Authors: Shi Zhimin , Wang Rui , Huang Jie , Qian Qian , Hu Menglin , Zhang Hengguo , Feng Linfei , Gu Hao , Wang Yuanyin 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background
Tongue squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC) exhibits an aggressive biological behavior of lymph node and distant metastasis, which contributes to poorer prognosis and results in tongue function loss or death. In addition to known regulators and pathways of cell migration in TSCC, it is important to uncover pivotal switches governing tumor metastasis.

Methods
Cancer cell migration-associated transcriptional and epigenetic characteristics were profiled in TSCC, and the specific super-enhancers (SEs) were identified. Molecular function and mechanism studies were used to investigate the pivotal switches in TSCC metastasis.

Results
Ameboidal-type cell migration-related genes accompanied by transcriptional and epigenetic activity were enriched in TSCC. Meanwhile, the higher-ranked SE-related genes showed significant differences between 43 paired tumor and normal samples from the TCGA TSCC cohort. In addition, key motifs were detected in SE regions, and transcription factor-related expression levels were significantly associated with TSCC survival status. Notably, BATF and ATF3 regulated the expression of ameboidal-type cell migration-related MMP14 by switching the interaction with the SE region.

Conclusion
SEs and related key motifs transcriptional regulate tumor metastasis-associated MMP14 and might be potential therapeutic targets for TSCC.
Case series of the inferior vena cava primary leiomyosarcoma treatment
Authors: Lazar Davidovic , Stefan Ducic , Marko Dragas , Zlatanovic Petar , Sladojevic Milos , Ilijas Cinara , Grubor Nikica , Andreja Dimic 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Tumors of the inferior vena cava (IVC) are rare and usually malignant and they can be primary and secondary. The most common primary tumor of the IVC is primary leiomyosarcoma. The first case of primary IVC leiomyosarcoma has been described in 1871 [1].The total number of 218 cases has collected until 1996 [2]. After that, three large single center series of these tumors emerged [3–5]. Present a series of five cases of these tumors. All the patients underwent a wide complete resection of tumors and the reconstruction with Dacron grafts. One patient died 19 months after the surgery, while the remaining ones survived without a local and system disease relapse. Although a surgical resection combined with the chemotherapy is often not curative, it can achieve a significant long-term survival. For this reason, we recommend the aggressive surgical management using the modern vascular surgical and oncology techniques.
Arterial occlusion secondary to prior cardiac catheterization in a radial forearm flap—lessons learnt from an unusual case
Authors: Zhang Steven L , Chung Benjamin Z W , Ng Hui Wen 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The radial forearm free flap (RFFF) is a workhorse flap for head and neck reconstruction. We present an unusual case of radial artery occlusion, likely from previous transradial cardiac catheterization, in a patient for whom an RFFF was raised for floor of mouth reconstruction following resection of squamous cell carcinoma. Pre-operative assessment with ultrasound Doppler and an Allen test was normal. The flap was raised uneventfully under tourniquet control. However, following flap elevation and tourniquet release, poor flap perfusion was noted, and cutback of the artery revealed a long segment of hard fibrous plaque within the lumen. Retrospective review of medical records showed a history of cardiac catheterization via the same radial artery. We discuss various measures that can prevent this occurrence, including careful pre-operative screening of previous procedures involving the radial artery, the reverse Allen test, Doppler ultrasound, and consideration of distal arterial exploration without a tourniquet.
Congenital cystohepatic duct found during laparoscopic cholecystectomy
Authors: Shumarova Svetlana , Koichev Anton , Sokolov Manol , Arabadzhiev Angel , Karamisheva Vesela 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This case shows the need for in-depth knowledge also on congenital biliary anomalies that can become subject to iatrogenic damage. The patient is 44-years old with echographically proven cholelithiasis with complaints of intermittent pain in the right upper quadrant. During laparoscopic cholecystectomy, after identification of cystic duct and cystic artery, after their clipping and resection and subsequent mobilization of the gallbladder from the liver parenchyma, a bile duct was opened. Subsequent identification revealed a cystohepatic duct, which is a rare anatomic anomaly. Plastic surgery was performed on the tangential lesion of the right hepatic duct and placement of a transcistic drain, as well as a drain from the right hepatic duct through the Fateri papilla. Postoperative transdrainage cholangiography established the integrity of the bile ducts and the free passage of contrast to the duodenum.
Intraoperative identification of only two structures entering the gallbladder during cholecystectomy—cystic duct and cystic artery—is mandatory.
Family Physician’s Satisfaction Report: Military 2021 vs. Civilian 2020 and 2022
Authors: Burton Samue l , Fisher Daniel , Barrett John 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT

Introduction
In the Medscape 2020 Compensation Report, family physicians ranked low for feeling fairly compensated, choosing their specialty again and choosing medicine again. However, the Medscape data may not represent military family physicians.

Methods
A large survey was emailed to 2,562 military family physicians via a military professional organization list-serve from February to April 2021. The inquiry included 6 statements pertaining to professional satisfaction. The main outcome measures were proportions of “agree” and “strongly agree.” The proportions were compared to the Medscape Compensation Report 2020 and 2022. Statistical analysis was completed with a two-tailed Z-score for 2 populations.

Results
Sixty-one percent of military family physicians feel fairly compensated compared to 54% of civilian family physicians in 2020 and 55% in 2022 (P = .065, .119). Eighty-six percent of military family physicians would reselect medicine compared to 74% of civilian family physicians in 2020 and 73% in 2022 (P &lt; .001 for both). Eighty percent of military family physicians would reselect their specialty again compared to 70% of civilians in 2020 and 68% in 2022 (P = .004, P = .001, respectively).

Conclusions
Military family physicians were more likely to choose medicine generally and family medicine specifically again. Military family physicians and civilian family physicians do not statistically differ in feeling fairly compensated. A strong majority of military family physicians are satisfied with their military-sponsored medical education.
Precision Medicine Approach Using Triple Combination Antifungal Therapy for Fusarium Brain Abscesses and Endocarditis in an Adult Burn Patient
Authors: Barrios Evan L , Drabick Zachary , Rodriguez John , Fahy Brenda G , Cochran Amalia L , Driscoll Ian R , Munden Andrea M 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT
We report a management strategy for disseminated Fusarium solani fungal infection in an adult 35% total body surface area burn patient with brain abscesses and concomitant pulmonic valve endocarditis resulting in the longest survival reported in a burn patient. Early in his hospital course, the patient was diagnosed with a Fusarium burn wound infection with concomitant fungemia and was treated with a prolonged course of intravenous (IV) antifungal monotherapy. Shortly thereafter, he developed focal neurologic deficits and was found to have brain abscesses on MRI. He underwent emergent craniotomy with debridement, and triple antifungal therapy was initiated. Transesophageal echocardiography demonstrated pulmonic valve vegetations, which resolved with triple antifungal therapy. Disseminated Fusarium solani infection is quite rare with mortality approaching 100%. Given the rarity of this disease process, there are no established antifungal treatment guidelines. However, this patient survived for approximately 1 year after diagnosis with treatment including source control via craniotomy and debridement coupled with prolonged courses of combination antifungal therapy (given the near pan-resistance of his fungal infection). Pharmacogenomic testing was utilized to establish the patient’s metabolism of voriconazole and dosing adjusted accordingly to improve the efficacy of the combination therapy. To our knowledge, an adult burn patient surviving this length of time after Fusarium brain abscesses with disseminated infection has not been previously described.