bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Detection and management of mental distress and psychiatric disorders in primary care settings
Authors: Pini Stefano , Tansella Michele 
Published: October 2011

SummaryObjective – Epidemiological and clinical studies indicate that 10–50% of primary care patients suffering from clinically relevant psychiatric distress are not diagnosed by their physician and only a minority of them receive an appropriate treatment. The improvement of physicians' ability to detect mental distress and psychiatric disorder, in their routine clinical activity, represents a crucial point to reduce the social impact of mental illnesses, prevent their worsening and chronicity and, eventually, relieve mental health services of an excessive burden of care and costs. The aim of this article is to examine a number of factors which intervene in the process of detection of mental distress by the physician. Then, we will examine factors related to the management of psychiatric disorders most commonly co-occurring with physical illness in general health care sector. Method – The method used for this review was essentially a recension of the literature concerning detection and treatment of psychiatric disorders in primary care settings, having in view to see the factors connected with these processes. Results – Among factors intervening in the process of identification of mental distress in primary care settings, both the characteristics of the physician and the characteristics of the patient should be taken into account. Primary care physicians and psychiatrists are being asked to work together more frequently in this era of community care. The principal aim of such invoked collaboration is the amelioration of quality of care and reduction of costs for mentally ill patients. An important issue within this collaboration is the referral by primary care physicians to specialist services.
The Italian asylum law: moving towards the deinstitutionalization model
Authors: Dell'Acqua Giuseppe 
Published: October 2011

SummaryAn evaluation is currently underway concerning the changes which have taken place in Italy in the twenty years following the reform law. The qualitative and quantitative changes are being analyzed based on a possible shared definition of the processes of deinstitutionalization. This theme is generally the object of misundestandings and cliches. The need for change in clinical and istitutional psychiatry is the indispensable premise for the development of community psychiatry and the growth of a culture of public psychiatry in general. In this framework, an attempt is being made to define the meaning of change through the growth of the active participation of persona affected with mental disorders and their families in treatment, the participation of ordinary citizens, the spread of services in the community and the quantitative increase of the number of personnel involved in public community services. Emblematic of this change is the increase in the number of psychiatrists working in the public sector, from 700 to 7,000, over this twenty year period. The changes which must take place in psychiatric practice must also be emphasized: the heirarchies, the relationships, the search for non-health resources and enhancing the value of operators as subjects outside of their institutional role. The various forms of resistence which have retarded, and continue to retard, the process of change are also considered: the persistence of clinical cultural models, administrative inertia, the defense of acquired privileges by medical and nursing lobbies, the interests of the private, commercial and religious sectors and political manipulation. In any case, the beginning of a process of change which contains all the potential of a real project for prevention is judged positively.
Systematic review of the role of service users as researchers in mental health studies
Authors: Salvi Giovanni , Jones Julia , Ruggeri Mirella 
Published: October 2011

SUMMARYAims– Service user involvement in mental health service development and research is becoming more common in countries like the UK. USA and Canada. This systematic review of the international scientific literature has been carried out to assess the stage of development of mental health service users involvement in research.Method– Systematic review of any research project actively involving service users in any part of the research process.Results– Thirty-five studies met the inclusion and exclusion criteria and were included in the systematic review. Nine studies used quantitative techniques, 24 used qualitative techniques and two studies used both quantitative and qualitative techniques. While three studies were user-led, in three other studies the users were simply consulted but did not have any active role in the research. The remaining 29 studies were based on a collaboration between service users and professional researchers.Conclusions– The involvement of mental health service users in the research process is feasible both in quantitative and qualitative research studies. The involvement of service users in research has a number of benefits; such research requires more accurate planning and more time than the traditional research.Declaration of Interest: none.
Scanning Photoemission Spectromicroscopic Study of 4-nm Ultrathin SiO3.4 Protrusions Probe-Induced on the Native SiO2 Layer
Authors: Devan Rupesh S. , Gao Shun-Yu , Lin Yu-Rong , Cheng Shun-Rong , Hsu Chia-Er , Chen Chia-Hao , Shiu Hung-Wei , Liou Yung , Ma Yuan-Ron 
Published: October 2011

AbstractAtomic force microscopy probe-induced large-area ultrathin SiOx (x ≡ O/Si content ratio and x > 2) protrusions only a few nanometers high on a SiO2 layer were characterized by scanning photoemission microscopy (SPEM) and X-ray photoemission spectroscopy (XPS). SPEM images of the large-area ultrathin SiOx protrusions directly showed the surface chemical distribution and chemical state specifications. The peak intensity ratios of the XPS spectra of the large-area ultrathin SiOx protrusions provided the elemental quantification of the Si 2p core levels and Si oxidation states (such as the Si4+, Si3+, Si2+, and Si1+ species). The O/Si content ratio (x) was evidently determined by the height of the large-area ultrathin SiOx protrusions.
A REMARK ON THE BRYLINSKI CONJECTURE FOR ORBIFOLDS
Authors: BAK L. , CZARNECKI A. 
Published: October 2011

AbstractThe paper presents a proof of the Brylinski conjecture for compact Kähler orbifolds. The result is a corollary of the foliated version of the Mathieu theorem on symplectic harmonic representations of de Rham cohomology classes. The proofs are based on the idea of representing an orbifold as the leaf space of a Riemannian foliation and on the correspondence between foliated and holonomy invariant objects for foliated manifolds.
Financial literacy and retirement planning in Sweden
Authors: ALMENBERG JOHAN , SÄVE-SÖDERBERGH JENNY 
Published: October 2011

AbstractWe use data from the Swedish Financial Supervisory 2010 consumer survey to look at levels of financial literacy and retirement planning in the Swedish population. The results indicate that many adults have low financial literacy. In general, financial literacy levels are lower among the young, the old, women and those with low income or low educational attainment. People who report having tried to plan for retirement have higher levels of financial literacy. In particular, an understanding of risk diversification is strongly correlated with planning for retirement. We relate our findings to features of the Swedish pension system.
Financial literacy and retirement planning in New Zealand
Authors: CROSSAN DIANA , FESLIER DAVID , HURNARD ROGER 
Published: October 2011

AbstractWe compare levels of financial literacy between the general adult population of New Zealand, people of Māori ethnicity, and people of Ngāi Tahu, a Māori tribe that is providing financial education to its members. While the level of financial knowledge of Māori people is generally lower than for non-Māori (controlling for demographic and economic factors), there is little difference between the financial knowledge of the people of Ngāi Tahu and other New Zealanders. Moreover, we find that financial literacy is not significantly associated with planning for retirement. This could reflect the dominant role of New Zealand's universal public pension system in providing retirement income security.
15 GHz quadrature voltage controlled oscillator in 130 nm CMOS technology
Authors: Lucchi Paolo , Dermit Davide , Jacquemod Gilles , Begueret Jean Baptiste , Borgarino Mattia 
Published: October 2011

This paper reports a 15 GHz quadrature voltage controlled oscillator (QVCO) designed in a 130 nm CMOS technology. The phase noise performance of the QVCO and of a phase locked loop (PLL) where the QVCO was inserted were compared with the literature and with telecom standards and commercial products for broadcast satellite applications.
Recent Developments in Paleomagnetism and Geomagnetism: Sixth Nordic Paleomagnetic Workshop; Lule, Sweden, 15–22 September 2009
Authors: Elming S.Å. , Pesonen L. J. 
Published: October 2011

The Sixth Nordic Paleomagnetic Workshop was held in northern Sweden. The meeting focused on discussion of recent developments in paleomagnetism/geomagnetism, covering topics including thousand‐year‐scale geomagnetic field variations, paleoclimate of the Holocene (∼10,000 years ago to the present), Phanerozoic (∼545 million years ago to the present) plate reconstructions, and Precambrian (more than ∼545 million years ago) supercontinents.The workshop series began in 1986 in Espoo, Finland, in connection with the European Geotraverse Project. Since then, workshops have occurred every 45 years: the second in Sweden (1990), the third in Norway (1994), the fourth in Denmark (1999), and the fifth in Finland (2005). A total of 23 paleomagnetists and geomagnetists representing 12 countries (Australia, Brazil, Canada, Denmark, Estonia, India, Finland, Norway, Switzerland, Sweden, United Kingdom, and United States) participated in the sixth workshop.
Hydrologic engineering methods for developing project design criteria
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2011

Although the primary orientation of the IHD program has been toward scientific research in hydrology, it has been recognized that attention must also be given to improving methods and criteria for the use of available information, as well as new research findings, in order to improve the efficiency of planning and design of water resource systems. The Corps of Engineers has long had a traditional and active interest in water resources development, and has been much concerned with problems of design criteria. The Corps has therefore undertaken this project, ‘Hydrologic Engineering Methods for Developing Project Design Criteria,’ as part of its contribution to the United States program for the IHD.Specifically, the purpose of the project is to develop, test, and document hydrologic engineering methods suitable for use in the planning and design of water resources systems, giving special attention to situations in which hydrologic records are deficient with respect to time, accuracy, or coverage. The major contribution of the project will be a report that, together with appropriate supplemental documents, will be devoted to procedures that are particularly useful in organizing and conducting hydrologic engineering studies and to the review of methods that are suitable for various analyses and computations. Basic principles, concepts, and suggested limits of applicability will be summarized to serve as general background in the description of methods and procedures.
Tectonics of the San Andreas Fault System strain studies
Authors: Raleigh C. B. , Burford R. O. 
Published: October 2011

The recording of surface displacement and tilts that appear to occur prior to large earthquakes offers one of the more promising approaches to the problem of earthquake prediction. Strain and in‐situ stress studies are fundamental to solving the problem of the mechanics of faulting. The U. S. Geological Survey has installed a network of monuments for measurement of displacements and strains along the San Andreas fault system (Figure 1).The measurements taken are of three types: 1. Trilateration and triangulation with geodimeter and theodolite on quadrilateral figures spanning the fault and having side lengths of 1 to 10 km. Measurements of two of these figures, at San Andreas Lake and Black Mountain, have been repeated several times over the last 2½ years. Three additional figures have recently been installed, two along the San Andreas fault and one on the Calaveras fault. 2. Alignment on monument arrays 100–200 meters in length crossing the active trace of the fault. The measurement yields the horizontal component of motion parallel to the fault trace for 10 to 20 monuments in each array. 3. A precise level line at San Andreas Lake.
Secular strain and earthquakes near Denver
Authors: Major M. W. , Romig P. R. 
Published: October 2011

About 1600 earthquakes of Richter magnitude 0.7–5.3 have occurred in NE Denver since April 24, 1962. These events have a normal frequency vs magnitude distribution (b is about 0.8) and therefore cannot be considered to have reduced the probability of the future occurrence of a larger event.This report describes (1) certain gross features of the active zone, (2) a source mechanism for the largest event to date, and (3) the strain variations, at a point in the active zone, since November 1967.
Observation of tilting of the ground due to Matsushiro swarm earthquakes
Authors: Hagiwara Takahiro 
Published: October 2011

In connection with the Matsushiro swarm earthquakes that began in August 1965, the Earthquake Research Institute, University of Tokyo, conducted continuous observation of tilting of the ground at Matsushiro. Two components of a water‐tube tiltmeter 40 meters in length and two components of a horizontal pendulum tiltmeter were installed in a vault of the Matsushiro Seismological Observatory of the Japan Meteorological Agency in the outskirts of the town of Matsushiro.We observed very large changes in the inclination of the ground. The changes were greatest in the third stage of seismic activity, the speed of tilt reaching 0.7 inch per day. Since these changes were strongly correlated with seismic activity, tiltmeter observation provided powerful data for a long‐range estimate of seismic activity.
The triggering of large earthquakes by Earth tides
Authors: Knopoff Leon 
Published: October 2011

Four results have been obtained in a study of statistics of earthquake sequences.A method has been devised for constructing a catalog of events, which has a statistically significant likelihood of containing all events with magnitudes greater than a certain cutoff. The method of obtaining this cutoff is to construct what is well known to the statistician as contingency tables for the likelihood that shocks of a given magnitude follow consecutively upon shocks of another given magnitude. Highly nonrandom distributions of magnitude contingencies are rejected.
Geodimeter network in central Honshu, Japan
Authors: Kasahara Keichi 
Published: October 2011

The Earthquake Research Institute has been testing patroling geodimeter surveys in Honshu, Japan, since 1963 to establish effective monitoring system of crustal related to seismic activities. Among fifteen sites of base‐line network for this purpose, those in the Matsushiro a underwent the most dramatic during the period of swarm activity there.The mode of the deformation's is reviewed referring to other sorts geodetic and seismological materials. Observational data at the remaining sites will also presented together with short remarks future problems.
Third international symposium on equatorial aeronomy
Authors: Cain Joseph C. , Wright R. H. W. 
Published: October 2011

Almost 200 scientists from over 20 countries attended the Third International Symposium on Equatorial Aeronomy at Ahmedabad, India, early this February. The Physical Research Laboratory (V. A. Sarabhai, Director) was the local host for the meeting. Following inaugural addresses by V. A. Sarabhai, K. R. Ramanathan, and Sydney Chapman, the delegates launched into five full days of scientific meetings arranged by a committee headed by R. H. W. Wright (Jamaica).The fifteen separate sessions concentrated on the neutral constituents, ionosphere, magnetic changes, and emissions from the upper atmosphere in low latitudes presenting results from numerous techniques including rocket probes and satellites. Since the formal meetings were all held in a week, the review papers opening each session were limited to 30 minutes and each following speaker confined to 5 minutes and 3 slides. Skillful management of the program and flexible scheduling of special sessions resulted in a successful airing of interesting topics as they developed.
Highlights of the Council Meeting
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2011

The Council met at the Sheraton‐Park Hotel, Washington, D.C., on April 20, 1969. Those items discussed that will have a strong impact on the membership in the next few months are given below.Budget and Finance. Chairman Boyd Olsen reported that action would have to be taken at once to ensure that the Union does not incur a substantial deficit in 1969 due largely to increases in printing costs. The Council authorized the Officers of the Union to initiate action to keep this deficit at a minimum. [Since the Council Meeting the Officers, after consulting with the editors and the Chairmen of the Publications Planning Committee and the Budget Committee, have authorized an increase in the page charge for the Journal of Geophysical Research and Water Resources Research for all articles over 4 pages, and have decided to defer the Directory of Members for publication in 1969, until 1970. They have also established a limit on the number of pages in the 1969 volumes of the Journal of Geophysical Research, Water Resources Research, and Reviews of Geophysics.]
Progress of tektite studies in China
Authors: Barnes Virgil E. 
Published: October 2011

A field study by Lee Da‐ming of tektites on Leichow Peninsula and Hainan Island, published in 1963 in Scientia Geologica Sinica, is the first contribution from China on the tektite problem. This paper gives data additional to that of Lacroix on the occurrence and chemistry of tektites in China; the discussion of the stratigraphic occurrence of Chinese tektites is also of particular interest, as it helps to establish the age of Southeast Asian tektites.Lee Da‐ming's study was made under the direction of C. J. Peng, who is presently at the University of Hong Kong. Peng brought this paper to my attention, and kindly translated it for me during the course of my research on the ‘Origin of Tektites,’ a project supported by the National Science Foundation and the Bureau of Economic Geology, The University of Texas at Austin.
Fifty‐First Annual Meeting April 20–24, 1970 Sheraton‐Park Hotel, Washington, D.C.
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2011

Abstracts for the Fifty‐First Annual Meeting must be submitted on special forms available from the AGU office. Send completed forms directly to the AGU office. Deadline for abstracts is January 26, 1970.AGU Council rulings of December 1, 1968, and April 20, 1969, provide that: (1) The abstract of a nonmember must be accompanied by an application for membership or be endorsed by a sponsoring member. (2) An author of a paper may present no more than one contributed paper in any one session or be listed as an author or co‐author on more than three papers at a meeting. (3) There will be a publication charge of $25 for each abstract accepted ($10 if the first author is a student member).
A decade of discovery
Authors: Friedman Herbert , Johnson Francis S. 
Published: October 2011

Artificial satellites have been available for space research for slightly more than a decade, and it seems appropriate to take stock of the accomplishments of that decade from the viewpoint of the earth's environment in space. The results can only be described as revolutionary; few of the concepts of the early 1950's have survived without major revision and totally unexpected discoveries have provided fundamentally new theoretical challenges. The accomplishments are far too numerous to describe in detail, but a few prominent examples will serve to illustrate the great change in perspective that the space age has brought to our picture of the sun‐earth system.The early years of rocket astronomy were devoted to exploring the solar spectrum from the visible cut‐off near 3000 A to its X‐ray limit. Rockets provided the first means of directly examining these solar wavelengths which the earth's atmosphere blocks, and one of the earliest triumphs of rocket solar astronomy was the discovery of solar X rays originating in the million‐degree coronal plasma. By 1950 the solar spectrum had been broadly mapped and the outlines of the mechanisms by which solar ionizing radiations produce and control the ionosphere became discernable. The past ten years of space research have presented us with a remarkably detailed knowledge of the solar spectrum, the nature of solar active centers, and the character of solar variability in the ionizing fluxes. The slowly varying behavior of the sun during its II‐year cycle from maximum to minimum activity has been observed, and it is most pronounced in the higher energy radiations not detectable at ground level. While some of the principal ultraviolet emissions from hydrogen Lyman α(1216 A) to shorter wavelengths change by only 50 per cent from minimum to maximum, X‐ray fluxes vary tenfold in the wavelengths absorbed in the E region of the ionosphere and a hundredfold for the short wavelengths (1 to 8 A) that affect the D region. Solar flares produce prodigious increases in the shortest wavelengths: the largest flare of recent years enhanced the 0‐ to 3‐A flux by more than a hundred‐thousand times. It is thus clearly established that sudden ionospheric disturbances are X‐ray induced. The solar X‐ray and ultraviolet energy input to all levels of the ionosphere is qualitatively understood; an improvement in flux values to a quantitative accuracy of only about 10 per cent is needed to satisfy the requirements of aeronomers for a detailed accounting of the atmospheric energy budget.
Snow and Ice Hydrology Workshop: Colorado State University, August 18”22, 1969
Authors: Meiman James R. 
Published: October 2011

The major objective of the workshop was to improve communications among those from various professional backgrounds and geographical regions having a common interest in the hydrology of snow and ice. During the workshop, the state of the art of snow and ice hydrology was explored and an attempt was made to identify and define some of the major problems and possible solutions.Major workshop sessions were devoted to: (1) distribution and measurement of the snow cover; (2) physics of metamorphism and melt; (3) snow and ice management of water yields; (4) standardization of snow observations; (5) measurement of snowfall and its redistribution; and (6) research cooperation and improvement of communications among those working in the field of snow and ice.