bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Resistance Gene Transfer during Treatments for Experimental Avian Colibacillosis
Authors: Dheilly Alexandra , Le Devendec Laëtitia , Mourand Gwenaëlle , Bouder Axelle , Jouy Eric , Kempf Isabelle 
Published: October 2011

ABSTRACT

An experiment was conducted in animal facilities to compare the impacts of four avian colibacillosis treatments—oxytetracycline (OTC), trimethoprim-sulfadimethoxine (SXT), amoxicillin (AMX), or enrofloxacin (ENR)—on the susceptibility of
Escherichia coli
in broiler intestinal tracts. Birds were first orally inoculated with rifampin-resistant
E. coli
strains bearing plasmid genes conferring resistance to fluoroquinolones (
qnr
), cephalosporins (
bla
CTX-M
or
bla
FOX
), trimethoprim-sulfonamides, aminoglycosides, or tetracyclines. Feces samples were collected before, during, and after antimicrobial treatments. The susceptibilities of
E. coli
strains were studied, and resistance gene transfer was analyzed. An increase in the tetracycline-resistant
E. coli
population was observed only in OTC-treated birds, whereas multiresistant
E. coli
was detected in the dominant
E. coli
populations of SXT-, AMX-, or ENR-treated birds. Most multiresistant
E. coli
strains were susceptible to rifampin and exhibited various pulsed-field gel electrophoresis profiles, suggesting the transfer of one of the multiresistance plasmids from the inoculated strains to other
E. coli
strains in the intestinal tract. In conclusion, this study clearly illustrates how, in
E. coli
, “old” antimicrobials may coselect antimicrobial resistance to recent and critical molecules.
Electrophysiological Characteristics of Focal Atrial Tachycardia Surrounding the Aortic Coronary Cusps
Authors: Wang Zulu , Liu Tong , Shehata Michael , Liang Yanchun , Jin Zhiqing , Liang Ming , Han Yaling , Amorn Allen , Liu Xiushi , Liu Enzhao , Chugh Sumeet S , Wang Xunzhang 
Published: October 2011

Background—
Catheter ablation of atrial tachycardia (AT) arising near the coronary cusps has been reported in limited numbers of patients. We investigated the electrophysiological characteristics of these ATs in 22 consecutive patients.

Methods and Results—
This study included 22 patients (mean age±SD, 53±11 years; 86% female) with ATs arising near the aortic coronary cusps who underwent successful ablation. Activation mapping was performed during tachycardia to identify the earliest activation site. All patients achieved successful ablation through either a retrograde aortic (n=19) or a transseptal (n=3) approach. The successful ablation sites were located in the noncoronary cusp (NCC) (n=16), including 3 near the junction between the NCC and right coronary cusp. The remaining 6 cases were ablated from the left coronary cusp (LCC) (n=3) or the left atrium posterior to the LCC (n=3). For most tachycardias, there were distinctive P-wave morphological features recorded for each cusp location. Furthermore, analysis of the electrogram morphological features recorded during tachycardia at successful ablation sites revealed an atrial/ventricular (A/V) ratio >1 in 14 of 16 NCC ATs; the remaining 2, from the NCC near the junction with the right coronary cusp, showed an A/V ratio ≤1. At ablation sites in the LCC, the A/V ratio was <1 (4 of 6 patients) or 1 (remaining 2 patients). During a follow-up duration of 30±13 months, all patients were free of arrhythmias without antiarrhythmic drugs.

Conclusions—
ATs surrounding the aortic coronary cusps can be safely and effectively ablated, with good long-term outcomes. In addition to the P-wave morphological features, the A/V ratio of the local electrogram recording during tachycardia facilitated the localization of successful sites.
Pseudoeosinophilia of synovial fluid is caused by crystals mimicking the distinct light scattering fractions of eosinophilic granules
Authors: Robier Christoph , Quehenberger Franz , Neubauer Manfred , Stettin Mariana , Rainer Franz 
Published: October 2011

AbstractAutomated leukocyte differential counts of synovial fluid (SF) can be influenced by laboratory artefacts. Pseudoeosinophilia of SF has recently been first described in association with monosodium urate and calcium pyrophosphate crystals. This study compared automated measurements of the percentages of SF leukocyte fractions by two haematology analysers in order to elucidate the underlying mechanism of pseudoeosinophilia.The percentages of the leukocyte fractions of 17 crystal-containing and 28 crystal-free specimens were compared using the Wilcoxon test. Measurements were performed using the Cell-Dyn 3200 and the ADVIA 2120i, which are based on different techniques.The percentages of eosinophils of the crystal-positive samples determined by the Cell-Dyn 3200 were significantly higher than those assessed by the ADVIA (p<0.0001), whereas the percentages of eosinophils of the controls did not differ significantly between the two devices (p=0.95). The Cell-Dyn 3200 clearly showed the phenomenon of crystal-associated pseudoeosinophilia (p<0.0001), which did not occur in the ADVIA measurements (p=0.28). The percentage of neutrophils was to a lower degree elevated in the crystal group (p=0.015).It was confirmed that SF crystals interfere with the typical light scattering fractions of leukocyte granules and may thus lead to spuriously elevated percentages of eosinophils and neutrophils in SF specimens.
In-Vitro Wear and Radiographic Analyses of High Flexion Posterior Stabilized Mobile- and Fixed-Bearing Knee Implants
Authors: Popoola Oludele , Yu Ning , Scuderi Giles 
Published: October 2011

Abstract
In vitro wear tests results and 2-year follow up radiographic analyses of implanted fixed- and mobile-bearing LPS Flex knees are compared. The two knee designs use gamma-sterilized GUR 1050 ultra high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) patellae and tibial inserts, and the same CoCrMo alloy (ASTM F 75) femoral components. The in vitro wear tests were performed on six fixed- and six mobile-bearing knee implants using modified ISO 14243-3 load and kinematic waveforms. Tests were conducted at a frequency of 1 Hz for 5 × 106 cycles (Mc) in bovine serum lubricant. Two year follow up radiographic analyses were performed on 341 patients implanted with 173 mobile- and 168 fixed-bearing implants. Average accumulative in vitro polyethylene wear rates of the mobile- and fixed-bearing knees were 19.9 ± 5.1 mg/Mc and 14.2 ± 2.1 mg/Mc, respectively. There is no statistically significant difference in the wear rates of both devices (p &gt; 0.05, Mann–Whitney test). Overall survivorship at two years with revision for any reason as the endpoint was 99.3 % for the mobile group and 100 % in the fixed group. There was no evidence of tibial, femoral, or patella bone loss at the two year follow up. The mean active range of motion increased from 110.8° to 127.0° in the mobile- bearing group and from 110.7° to 127.2° in the fixed-bearing one. Overall, radiographic evaluation showed similar performance of both devices.
Degree invariance in the Π10classes
Authors: Weber Rebecca 
Published: October 2011

AbstractLet denote the collection of all Π10 classes, ordered by inclusion. A collection of Turing degrees in is called invariant over if there is some collection of Π10 classes representing exactly the degrees such that is invariant under automorphisms of . Herein we expand the known degree invariant classes of , previously including only {0} and the array noncomputable degrees, to include all highn and non-lown degrees for n > 2. This is a corollary to a very general definability result. The result is carried out in a substructure G of , within which the techniques used model those used by Cholak and Harrington [6] to obtain the same definability for the c.e. sets. We work back and forth between G and to show that this definability in G gives the desired degree invariance over .
Water quality in cutaway peatland lakes in Seda mire, Latvia
Authors: Kļaviņš Māris , Kokorīte Ilga , Spriņge Gunta , Skuja Agnija , Parele Elga , Rodinovs Valērijs , Druvietis Ivars , Strāķe Solvita , Urtāns Andris 
Published: October 2011

Water quality in cutaway peatland lakes in Seda mire, Latvia
Transformation into shallow lakes can be a major post-harvesting land-use option for cutaway peatlands. The aim of our study was to analyse factors influencing water quality and communities on lakes created in a cutaway bog in the Seda Mire, Latvia. The residual peat amount and the lake feeding conditions (the balance between ground water and inflow from adjacent river during the spring season) were found to be major factors influencing aquatic chemistry and studied habitats. The studied cutaway lakes cannot be considered as typical bog lakes regarding hydrochemical composition (especially regarding concentrations of major dissolved ions, pH and water colour) and hydrobiological features (metabolic activity, biomass and number of species of phytoplankton and zoobenthos). Considering aquatic chemistry and community structure of the cutaway lakes, a recommendation was made in respect to peat excavation to transform peat mining sites to lakes.
Influence of the boundary conditions on capillary flow dynamics and liquid distribution in a porous medium
Authors: Markicevic B. , Li H. , Zand A. R. , Navaz H. K. 
Published: October 2011

AbstractAfter depositing a wetting liquid onto a porous medium surface, and under the influence of the capillary pressure, the liquid is imbibed into the porous medium creating a wetted imprint. The flow within the porous medium does not cease once all the liquid is imbibed but continues as a secondary capillary flow, where the liquid flows from large pores into small pores along the liquid interface. The flow is solved using the capillary network model, and the influence of the boundary condition on the liquid distribution within the porous medium is investigated. The pores at the porous medium boundaries can be defined as open or closed pores, where an open pore is checked for the potential threshold condition for flow to take place. In contrast, the closed pore is defined as a static entity, in which the potential condition for flow to take place is never satisfied. By defining the pores at distinct porous medium boundaries as open or closed, one is able to obtain a very different liquid distribution within the porous medium. The liquid saturation profiles along the principal flow direction, ranging from constant to steadily decreasing, to the profile with a local maximum, are found numerically. It is shown that these saturation profiles are also related to the geometrical dimension that is perpendicular to the flow principal direction, and changing the boundary type from open to closed allows the liquid distribution within the porous medium to be controlled. In addition to the liquid distribution, the influence of the boundary conditions on capillary pressure and relative permeability is investigated, where both parameters are not influenced by variation of the boundary condition types. © 2011 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2012
A CFD study on the effect of the characteristic dimension of catalytic wall microreactors
Authors: Arzamendi G. , Uriz I. , Navajas A. , Diéguez P. M. , Gandía L. M. , Montes M. , Centeno M. A. , Odriozola J. A. 
Published: October 2011

AbstractA three‐dimensional computational fluid dynamics study of the steam methane reforming (SMR) in microreactors is presented. Emphasis has been made on investigating the effects of the characteristic dimension (d: 0.35, 0.70, 1.40, and 2.80 mm) on the performance of two microreactor geometries: square microchannels and microslits. Results have shown that for both geometries the SMR conversion decreases markedly as d increases. Conversely, the microchannels provide a methane conversion slightly higher than that of the microslits. The different performance of the microreactors is only partially due to the different surface‐to‐volume ratio. Pronounced transverse temperature and concentration gradients develop as the characteristic dimension increases especially for microslits in the first half of the reactor. Therefore, external transport limitations can affect the performance of microreactors for SMR, although the characteristic dimensions are of the order of very few millimeters. © 2011 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2012
Birth history, physical characteristics, and medical conditions in long‐term survivors with full trisomy 13
Authors: Bruns Deborah 
Published: October 2011

AbstractThe purpose of the study is to provide data about long‐term survivors with full trisomy 13 (t13). Mothers of 30 long‐term survivors with full t13 completed an online survey. Survey data were downloaded into an SPSS database. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze survey data. Tracking Rare Incidence Syndrome (TRIS) Survey data on survival, birth information including maternal and paternal age at conception, physical characteristics, and medical conditions were compared. Data indicate longer mean survival rates (48.4 months for those living at the time of data collection, 40.8 months for those who died prior) than described in the literature. Means for gestations age, birth weight, and length are 38.11 weeks, 2,789.34 g and 48.45 cm, respectively. Long‐term survivors presented with syndrome‐related physical characteristics (e.g., low‐set ears, cleft lip and palate) and medical conditions (e.g., ventricular septal defect (VSD), feeding difficulties). We conclude that data indicate longer survival and a range in birth information (gestational age, birth weight, and length) along with presence of common presenting physical characteristics and medical conditions of long‐term survivors with full t13. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Associative properties of hydrophilic tip modified oxyethylene‐oxybutylene diblock copolymers in aqueous media: Effect of end‐group
Authors: Khan Abbas , Farooqi Zahoor H. , Siddiq Mohammad 
Published: October 2011

AbstractThe associative properties of Me2N (CH2)2OE58B7and I−Me3N+(CH2)2OE58B7in aqueous solution in the temperature range of 20–50°C have been investigated by dynamic and static laser light scattering. Here E represents an oxyethylene unit and B an oxybutylene unit. The results obtained were compared with results for EmBnanalog. Our result shows that for micelles of dimethylamino‐tipped, the hydrodynamic radius, was large as compared with the thermodynamic radiusrt, suggesting a “soft” micelle. For the trimethylammonium‐tipped copolymer,rhdecreases andrtincrease with the increase in temperature. Also the values of association number,Nw, were low but increase with increase in temperature, indicating a change from soft micelle at low temperature to small, less swollen micelles at high temperature. The high values of thermodynamic volume per molecule,rt/Nw, for a polymer with charged tip could be attributed to intermicellar charge effect. The effect of salt on various micellar parameters has also been discussed. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012
Effect of blending conditions on mechanical, thermal, and rheological properties of plasticized poly(lactic acid)/maleated thermoplastic starch blends
Authors: Wootthikanokkhan J. , Wongta N. , Sombatsompop N. , Kositchaiyong A. , Wong‐On J. , Isarankura na Ayutthaya S. , Kaabbuathong N. 
Published: October 2011

AbstractThis research work has concerned a study on relationship between structure and properties of maleated thermoplastic starch (MTPS)/plasticized poly(lactic acid) (PLA) blend. The aim of this work is to investigate the effects of blending time, temperature, and blend ratio on mechanical, rheological, and thermal properties of the blend. The MTPS was prepared by mixing the cassava starch with glycerol and maleic anhydride (MA). Chemical structure of the modified starch was characterized by using a FTIR technique, whereas the degree of substitution was determined by using a titration technique. After that, the MTPS prepared by 2.5 pph of MA was further used for blending with triacetin‐plasticized PLA under various conditions. Mechanical, thermal, and rheological properties of the blends were evaluated by using a tensile test, dynamic mechanical thermal analysis, and melt flow index (MFI) test, respectively. It was found that tensile strength and modulus of the MTPS/PLA blend increased with the starch content, blending temperature, and time, at the expense of their toughness and elongation values. The MFI values also increased with the above factors, suggesting some chain scission of the polymers during blending. SEM images of the various blends, however, revealed that the blend became more homogeneous if the temperature was increased. The above effect was discussed in the light of trans‐esterification. Last, it was found that mechanical properties of the PLA/MTPS blend were more superior to those of the normal PLA/TPS blends. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012
Lamellar arrangements of linear polyethylene in ultrathin films
Authors: Woo Euntaek , Park Manshik , Jeong Young Gyu , Shin Kyusoon 
Published: October 2011

AbstractThe crystal orientations of linear polyethylene films on silicon substrates are investigated using grazing incidence X‐ray diffraction and atomic force microscopy. From diffraction analysis, we can identify the structural arrangement of PE crystals in ultrathin film. The orientation of lamellar crystal in PE films changes from edge‐on to flat‐on with the decrease of film thickness in the film thickness below ∼ 100 nm. The slightly inclined lamellae relative to the substrate are found to coexist with the flat‐on lamellae in thin PE films that we have investigated. We find that the crystal orientation and structures is governed by the constraint imposed by film thickness rather than enthalpy gain as the film got thinner especially in the thickness below 200 nm. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012
Selective up‐regulation of the soluble pattern‐recognition receptor pentraxin 3 and of vascular endothelial growth factor in giant cell arteritis: Relevance for recent optic nerve ischemia
Authors: Baldini Mattia , Maugeri Norma , Ramirez Giuseppe A. , Giacomassi Chiara , Castiglioni Alessandra , Prieto‐González Sergio , Corbera‐Bellalta Marc , Di Comite Gabriele , Papa Ilenia , Dell'Antonio Giacomo , Ammirati Enrico , Cuccovillo Ivan , Vecchio Viviana , Mantovani Alberto , Rovere‐Querini Patrizia , Sabbadini Maria Grazia , Cid Maria C. , Manfredi Angelo A. 
Published: October 2011

AbstractObjectiveTo assess local expression and plasma levels of pentraxin 3 (PTX3) in patients with giant cell arteritis (GCA).MethodsPlasma and serum samples were obtained from 75 patients with GCA (20 of whom had experienced optic nerve ischemia in the previous 3 weeks and 24 of whom had experienced symptom onset in the previous 6 months and had no history of optic nerve ischemia) and 63 controls (35 age‐matched healthy subjects, 15 patients with rheumatoid arthritis, and 13 patients with chronic stable angina). In 9 patients in whom GCA was recently diagnosed, circulating levels of interleukin‐1β (IL‐1β), IL‐2, IL‐4, IL‐6, IL‐7, IL‐8, IL‐10, IL‐12p70, CCL2/monocyte chemotactic protein 1, CCL3/macrophage inflammatory protein 1α (MIP‐1α), CCL4/MIP‐1β, CCL11/eotaxin, CXCL9/monokine induced by interferon‐γ, CXCL10/interferon‐γ–inducible 10‐kd protein, tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα), interferon‐γ, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), granulocyte–macrophage colony‐stimulating factor, and FasL were measured via a multiplexed cytometric assay. PTX3 and VEGF concentrations were assessed by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. PTX3 and CD68 expression were determined by immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence on temporal artery samples.ResultsGCA patients with very recent optic nerve ischemia had significantly higher PTX3 and VEGF levels compared to other GCA patients and controls. GCA patients with a disease duration of <6 months had significantly higher PTX3 levels compared to other GCA patients and controls. Immunohistochemistry revealed selective PTX3 expression in the wall of inflamed arteries.ConclusionOur findings indicate that local expression of PTX3 is a feature of vascular inflammation in GCA; elevated circulating levels of PTX3 identify patients with very recent optic nerve ischemia or a recent diagnosis. Optic nerve ischemia is also associated with increased circulating VEGF levels.
Usage of Biomass for Energetic Conversion
Authors: Neubauer York 
Published: October 2011

AbstractDie stoffliche und energetische Nutzung von Biomasse wird im Zuge der Bestrebungen nach einer nachhaltigen und klimaneutralen Energieversorgung stark gefördert aber auch, zum Teil recht kontrovers, diskutiert. Biomasse liefert bereits heute einen erheblichen Anteil regenerativer Energie in Deutschland, insbesondere im Wärmesektor. Aber auch für die Gewinnung von Elektrizität und Treibstoffen für den Transportsektor hat Biomasse inzwischen erwähnenswerte Anteile erreicht. Es wird ein Überblick über Verfahrenswege zur Energiewandlung aus Biomassen verschiedener Herkunft gegeben sowie der Forschungs‐ und Entwicklungsbedarf aussichtsreicher Verfahrenswege diskutiert.
Exclusion of the uniform tetraploid cells significantly improves specificity of the urine fish assay
Authors: Moatamed Neda A. , Apple Sophia K. , Bennett Carol J. , Aronson William J. , Klisak Ivana , Shirley Bobbi‐Jo , Moatamed Farhad 
Published: October 2011

AbstractThe urine fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) assay (UroVysion™), with the current scoring criteria, has a higher sensitivity than routine cytopathology but a lower specificity. Among 215 urine FISH tests we performed, 45 had associated histopathology and clinical follow up. In this study, a cell with four signals for each probe was classified as a uniform tetraploid cell (UTC); a presumed reparative cell which is currently classified as an abnormal cell in the FDA approved assay. By using the existing criteria, the tests were scored as positive or negative before and after exclusion of the UTCs. Before the exclusion, 24 positive, 13 negative, seven false positive, and one false negative result were obtained with 96% sensitivity and 65% specificity. After the exclusion, the results changed to 22 positive, 19 negative, one false positive, and three false negatives resulting in a 88% sensitivity of 88% and a 95% specificity; a significant improvement in the specificity. We conclude that exclusion of the UTCs as abnormal cells would result in a more solid performance of the FISH assay. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2013. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
N‐Heterocyclic‐Carbene‐Induced Monomerization of Sterically Encumbered Dialkylmagnesium and Dialkylmanganese Polymers (Eur. J. Inorg. Chem. 30/2011)
Authors: Kennedy Alan R. , Klett Jan , Mulvey Robert E. , Robertson Stuart D. 
Published: October 2011

AbstractThe cover picture shows a figurative representation of the game of chance involved in attempting to synthesise novel monomeric derivatives of the sterically encumbered polymeric bis(alkyl) complexes [M(CH2SiMe3)2]∞ [M = Mg, MnII). A winning hand was achieved by utilising the potent two‐electron σ‐donor 1,3‐bis‐(2,6‐diisopropylphenyl)imidazol‐2‐ylidene (IPr), an N‐heterocyclic carbene, to yield the first such examples of monomeric three‐coordinate [M(CH2SiMe3)2]·donor complexes (M = Mg, Mn). Likewise, monomeric three‐coordinate species were obtained for the bulkier disilyl‐substituted alkyl [CH2SiMe3)2] congeners yielding M[CH(SiMe3)2]2·IPr (M = Mg, Mn) by displacement of an ether ligand from M[CH(SiMe3)2]2·ether by IPr. Determined by X‐ray crystallography, the structures of the four new monomers are shown on the faces of the individual playing cards. The diamagnetic magnesium compounds were also characterized in arene solution by 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy. Details are discussed in the article by R. E. Mulvey, S. D. Robertson et al. on p. 4675 ff. The cover art was composed by one of the authors of the paper, Dr. Jan Klett.