bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Proliferative Glomerulonephritis with Monoclonal IgG Deposits Recurs in the Allograft
Authors: Nasr Samih H. , Sethi Sanjeev , Cornell Lynn D. , Fidler Mary E. , Boelkins Mark , Fervenza Fernando C. , Cosio Fernando G. , D'Agati Vivette D. 
Published: September 2010

Summary

Background and objectives
Proliferative GN with monoclonal IgG deposits (PGNMID) is a newly described entity resembling immune complex GN. Its potential to recur in the allograft is undefined.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements
The first cases of recurrent PGNMID in the allograft are reported.

Results
The cohort includes four Caucasians (3 women, 1 man) with a mean age 58.5 years. No patient had M spike or hematologic malignancy. Recurrence was first documented by biopsy at a mean of 3.8 months posttransplant for indications of renal insufficiency in four patients, proteinuria in three patients, and microhematuria in three patients. Monoclonal IgG deposits (3 IgG3κ and 1 IgG3λ) in the transplants had identical heavy- and light-chain isotypes as in the native kidneys. In two patients, a pattern of endocapillary GN was identified in the native and transplant biopsies, whereas two patients with membranoproliferative GN in the native kidney developed endocapillary or mesangial GN in the transplant. Recurrence was treated with combined high-dose prednisone plus rituximab (n = 3) or plus cyclophosphamide (n = 1). After a mean posttransplant follow-up of 43 months, all four patients achieved reduction in proteinuria and three had reduction in creatinine. Repeat biopsies showed reduced histologic activity after treatment.

Conclusions
PGNMID can recur in the transplant despite the absence of a serum M spike. Recurrence is heralded by proteinuria, hematuria, and allograft dysfunction and manifests diverse histologic patterns. Although the pathogenesis remains unknown, early immunosuppressive therapy appears to stabilize the course.
Combined Neural Inactivation of Suppressor of Cytokine Signaling-3 and Protein-Tyrosine Phosphatase-1B Reveals Additive, Synergistic, and Factor-Specific Roles in the Regulation of Body Energy Balance
Authors: Briancon Nadege , McNay David E. , Maratos-Flier Eleftheria , Flier Jeffrey S. 
Published: September 2010

OBJECTIVE
The adipokine hormone leptin triggers signals in the brain that ultimately lead to decreased feeding and increased energy expenditure. However, obesity is most often associated with elevated plasma leptin levels and leptin resistance. Suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS)-3 and protein-tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP-1B) are two endogenous inhibitors of tyrosine kinase signaling pathways and suppress both insulin and leptin signaling via different molecular mechanisms. Brain-specific inactivation of these genes individually in the mouse partially protects against diet-induced obesity (DIO) and insulin resistance. The aim of this study was to investigate possible genetic interactions between these two genes to determine whether combined reduction in these inhibitory activities results in synergistic, epistatic, or additive effects on energy balance control.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
We generated mice with combined inactivation of the genes coding for SOCS-3 and PTP-1B in brain cells, examined their sensitivity to hormone action, and analyzed the contribution of each gene to the resulting phenotype.

RESULTS
Surprisingly, the Nestin-Cre mice used to mediate gene inactivation displayed a phenotype. Nonetheless, combined inactivation of SOCS-3 and PTP-1B in brain revealed additive effects on several parameters, including partial resistance to DIO and associated glucose intolerance. In addition, synergistic effects were observed for body length and weight, suggesting possible compensatory mechanisms for the absence of either inhibitor. Moreover, a SOCS-3–specific lean phenotype was revealed on the standard diet.

CONCLUSIONS
These results show that the biological roles of SOCS-3 and PTP-1B do not fully overlap and that targeting both factors might improve therapeutic effects of their inhibition in obesity and type 2 diabetes.
Changes in Alcohol Consumption and Subsequent Risk of Type 2 Diabetes in Men
Authors: Joosten Michel M. , Chiuve Stephanie E. , Mukamal Kenneth J. , Hu Frank B. , Hendriks Henk F.J. , Rimm Eric B. 
Published: September 2010

OBJECTIVE
The objective of this study was to investigate the association of 4-year changes in alcohol consumption with a subsequent risk of type 2 diabetes.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
We prospectively examined 38,031 men from the Health Professionals Follow-Up Study who were free of diagnosed diabetes or cancer in 1990. Alcohol consumption was reported on food frequency questionnaires and updated every 4 years.

RESULTS
A total of 1,905 cases of type 2 diabetes occurred during 428,497 person-years of follow-up. A 7.5 g/day (approximately half a glass) increase in alcohol consumption over 4 years was associated with lower diabetes risk among initial nondrinkers (multivariable hazard ratio [HR] 0.78; 95% CI: 0.60–1.00) and drinkers initially consuming &lt;15 g/day (HR 0.89; 95% CI: 0.83–0.96), but not among men initially drinking ≥15 g/day (HR 0.99; 95% CI: 0.95–1.02; Pinteraction &lt; 0.01). A similar pattern was observed for levels of total adiponectin and hemoglobin A1c, with a better metabolic profile among abstainers and light drinkers who modestly increased their alcohol intake, compared with men who either drank less or among men who were already moderate drinkers and increased their intake. Likewise, compared with stable light drinkers (0–4.9 g/day), light drinkers who increased their intake to moderate levels (5.0–29.9 g/day) had a significantly lower risk of type 2 diabetes (HR 0.75; 95% CI: 0.62–0.90).

CONCLUSIONS
Increases in alcohol consumption over time were associated with lower risk of type 2 diabetes among initially rare and light drinkers. This lower risk was evident within a 4-year period following increased alcohol intake.
Source localization and sensor placement in environmental monitoring
Authors: Khapalov Alexander 
Published: September 2010

Source localization and sensor placement in environmental monitoringIn this paper we discuss two closely related problems arising in environmental monitoring. The first is the source localization problem linked to the questionHow can one find an unknown "contamination source"?The second is an associated sensor placement problem:Where should we place sensors that are capable of providing the necessary "adequate data" for that?Our approach is based on some concepts and ideas developed in mathematical control theory of partial differential equations.
Supervisory predictive control and on-line set-point optimization
Authors: Tatjewski Piotr 
Published: September 2010

Supervisory predictive control and on-line set-point optimizationThe subject of this paper is to discuss selected effective known and novel structures for advanced process control and optimization. The role and techniques of model-based predictive control (MPC) in a supervisory (advanced) control layer are first shortly discussed. The emphasis is put on algorithm efficiency for nonlinear processes and on treating uncertainty in process models, with two solutions presented: the structure of nonlinear prediction and successive linearizations for nonlinear control, and a novel algorithm based on fast model selection to cope with process uncertainty. Issues of cooperation between MPC algorithms and on-line steady-state set-point optimization are next discussed, including integrated approaches. Finally, a recently developed two-purpose supervisory predictive set-point optimizer is discussed, designed to perform simultaneously two goals: economic optimization and constraints handling for the underlying unconstrained direct controllers.
Surrogate data: A novel approach to object detection
Authors: Tabor Zbisław 
Published: September 2010

Surrogate data: A novel approach to object detectionIn the present study a novel method is introduced to detect meaningful regions of a gray-level noisy images of binary structures. The method consists in generating surrogate data for an analyzed image. A surrogate image has the same (or almost the same) power spectrum and histogram of gray-level values as the original one but is random otherwise. Then minmax paths are generated in the original image, each characterized by its length, minmax intensity and the intensity of the starting point. If the probability of the existence of a path with the same characteristics but within surrogate images is lower than some user-specified threshold, it is concluded that the path in the original image passes through a meaningful object. The performance of the method is tested on images corrupted by noise with varying intensity.
Quality improvement of rule-based gene group descriptions using information about GO terms importance occurring in premises of determined rules
Authors: Sikora Marek , Gruca Aleksandra 
Published: September 2010

Quality improvement of rule-based gene group descriptions using information about GO terms importance occurring in premises of determined rulesIn this paper we present a method for evaluating the importance of GO terms which compose multi-attribute rules. The rules are generated for the purpose of biological interpretation of gene groups. Each multi-attribute rule is a combination of GO terms and, based on relationships among them, one can obtain a functional description of gene groups. We present a method which allows evaluating the influence of a given GO term on the quality of a rule and the quality of a whole set of rules. For each GO term, we compute how big its influence on the quality of generated set of rules and therefore the quality of the obtained description is. Based on the computed quality of GO terms, we propose a new algorithm of rule induction in order to obtain a more synthetic and more accurate description of gene groups than the description obtained by initially determined rules. The obtained GO terms ranking and newly obtained rules provide additional information about the biological function of genes that compose the analyzed group of genes.
Seismic stratigraphy based chronostratigraphy (SSBC) of the Serbian Banat region of the Pannonian Basin
Authors: Pigott John , Radivojevic Dejan 
Published: September 2010

AbstractSeismic stratigraphy based chronostratigraphic (SSBC) analysis of the Serbian Banat region allows the delineation of the spatial and stratigraphic relationships of the generally regressive and shallowing upward Neogene depositional fill of a tectonically unstable central portion of the Pannonian Basin. When geometrically restored in time and space, the sediment dispersal directions, sediment source directions, types of sedimentation breaks and the tectonic events influencing basin evolution can be delineated. For such an analysis the time-transgressive lithostratigraphic units used in the neighbouring Hungarian part of the Pannonian Basin are conveniently introduced based upon their characteristic seismic facies and constrained borehole log records as mappable seismic stratigraphic sequence units, termed “seismic operational sequences”. The respective Neogene stage and operational sequence equivalents (Hungarian lithostratigraphic units or formations) are the Middle Miocene (Badenian, Sarmatian), Upper Miocene-Lower Pliocene (Pannonian-Endrod and Szolnok Formations; Pontian- Algyo and Ujfalu Formations and Lower Pliocene- Zagyva Formation) and Upper Pliocene-Quaternary (Nagyalfold Formation).SSBC analysis greatly assists in the geological constraint or “geovalidation” of interpreted seismic stratigraphic relationships and provides potentially critical insight into stratigraphic and structural problems of non-unique interpretations. In the specific case, using such an approach on previously unpublished regional seismic lines, SSBC analysis reveals that the Banat region has undergone structural inversion. This may be related to changes in local stress directions along strike slip faults, which initiated in earliest Late Miocene (Endrod Formation), culminating in the reverse tilting and incipient shortening of the western graben. Therefore during the time interval that the Badenian through Endrod sediments were deposited in the graben, autocyclic progradation initiated from the Kikinda Szeged High in the East followed by Szolnok, Algyo, Ujfalu and younger units prograding from the West as the central high uplifted relative to the graben. Such tectonic inversion has substantial hydrocarbon potential implications for exploration in the region.
The use of buccal cells for rapid diagnosis of myotonic dystrophy type 1
Authors: Holt Ian , Quinlivan Ros , Couto Jillian , Monckton Darren , Morris Glenn 
Published: September 2010

AbstractType 1 myotonic dystrophy (DM1) is an autosomal dominant disorder caused by a CTG repeat expansion. RNA containing expanded CUG repeats does not leave the nucleus, but accumulates in discrete nuclear foci which sequester the human muscleblind-like (MBNL) proteins. We have examined buccal cells from 15 adult DM1 patients and 7 control non-DM patients to determine whether nuclear foci can be detected by either immunostaining for MBNL1 protein or fluorescent in situ hybridisation (FISH) for the CUG repeat RNA. Both methods detected nuclear foci in all three early-onset patients, but only in a minority of 12 less severe DM1 patients. There were no false-positive results in the 7 controls. Although the method does not reliably identify all DM1 patients, it may prove useful as a rapid test for severe congenital DM1 in floppy babies.
Perception of dynamic facial emotional expressions in adolescents with autism spectrum disorders (ASD)
Authors: Kessels Roy , Spee Pieter , Hendriks Angelique 
Published: September 2010

AbstractPrevious studies have shown deficits in the perception of static emotional facial expressions in individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASD), but results are inconclusive. Possibly, using dynamic facial stimuli expressing emotions at different levels of intensities may produce more robust results, since these resemble the expression of emotions in daily life to a greater extent. 30 Young adolescents with high-functioning ASD (IQ>85) and 30 age- and intelligence-matched controls (ages between 12 and 15) performed the Emotion Recognition Task, in which morphs were presented on a computer screen, depicting facial expressions of the six basic emotions (happiness, disgust, fear, anger, surprise and sadness) at nine levels of emotional intensity (20–100%). The results showed no overall group difference on the ERT, apart from a slightly worse performance on the perception of the emotions fear (p<0.03) and disgust (p<0.05). No interaction was found between intensity level of the emotions and group. High-functioning individuals with ASD perform similar to matched controls on the perception of dynamic facial emotional expressions, even at low intensities of emotional expression. These findings are in agreement with other recent studies showing that emotion perception deficits in high-functioning ASD may be less pronounced than previously thought.
Exon-specific dystrophin antibodies for studies of Duchenne muscular dystrophy
Authors: Lam Le , Nguyen Giang , Man Nguyen , Sewry Caroline , Morris Glenn 
Published: September 2010

AbstractExon-specific anti-dystrophin antibodies are used to monitor the success of treatments for Duchenne muscular dystrophy that aim to restore the missing dystrophin protein. Dystrophin is a large cytoskeletal protein encoded by 79 exons and expressed mainly in muscle. Most cases of Duchenne and Becker muscular dystrophies are caused by genetic deletion of one or more exons. In-frame deletions permit some synthesis of internally-deleted dystrophin and cause the milder Becker form, while out-of-frame deletions in the severe Duchenne form result in early stop-codons and no functional dystrophin synthesis. In this study, we describe the production of ten new monoclonal antibodies against a rod region encoded by exons 55–59 and their mapping to specific dystrophin exons, thus filling a major gap in the spectrum of available antibodies. The antibodies have already been applied in a published clinical trial of a drug treatment for Duchenne muscular dystrophy.
Early communication development in socially deprived children — similar to autism?
Authors: Cepanec Maja , Gmajnić Iva , Ljubešić Marta 
Published: September 2010

AbstractSocial deprivation leads to various neuroanatomical, neuropsychological and behavioral disturbances in humans as well as in experimental animals. Shared characteristics of socially deprived subjects and subjects with autism have been documented. The aim of this study was to analyze early development of communication in institutionalized (INST) children (12–24 months) in comparison with age- and sexmatched group of typically developing (TD) children and a group of children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Our findings show that both socially deprived (INST) children and ASD children display delayed pattern of development in social, speech and symbolic domains. However, although INST children display significant developmental delay and share some features with ASD children, they have a qualitatively different developmental pattern of social communication in comparison to children with ASD. The results of this study indicate that growing up in an institution and lack of social and environmental stimuli influences development of skills that are fundamental for early speech and language development.
A molecular phylogeny and classification of Verbenaceae
Authors: Marx Hannah E. , O'Leary Nataly , Yuan Yao‐Wu , Lu‐Irving Patricia , Tank David C. , Múlgura María E. , Olmstead Richard G. 
Published: September 2010

• Premise of the study: Verbenaceae consist of trees, shrubs, lianas, and herbs distributed primarily in Latin America, where they occur in a wide array of ecosystems. A second center of diversity exists in Africa. Competing morphology‐based classifications that rely on different traits conflict in significant ways. A broad phylogenetic study was undertaken to assess those classifications and to examine the historical geography of the family.• Methods: Analysis of seven chloroplast DNA regions for 109 species, representing all genera except one monotypic genus, provide inference into evolutionary relationships in Verbenaceae.• Key results: The phylogeny shows that none of the traditional classifications reflect phylogenetic relationships very well. Eight clades are recognized as tribes (Casselieae, Citharexyleae, Duranteae, Lantaneae, Neospartoneae trib. nov., Petreeae, Priveae, and Verbeneae). Two genera, Dipyrena and Rhaphithamnus, remain unplaced in these larger clades. Petreeae, which consist of Neotropical lianas, are sister to the rest of the family. Lantaneae and Verbeneae together form a derived clade that comprises approximately two‐thirds of the species in Verbenaceae.• Conclusions: We present a new tribal classification, including one new tribe, Neospartoneae trib. nov., to accommodate three small genera of Argentine species (Diostea, Neosparton, and Lampaya). Phylogenetic inference suggests a South American origin for Verbenaceae, with approximately six colonization events having given rise to the Old World species.
Development and characterization of microsatellite loci for Khaya senegalensis (Meliaceae)1
Authors: Sexton G. J. , Frere C. H. , Dieters M. J. , Godwin I. D. , Prentis P. J. 
Published: September 2010

• Premise of the study: Microsatellite loci were developed to characterize genetic variation and population subdivision in Khaya senegalensis (Desr.) A. Juss. (Meliaceae).• Methods and Results: Microsatellite loci were identified from genomic DNA sequences generated using the 454 GS‐FLX titanium platform. Primers were designed for 67 tri‐ and tetranucleotide repeats, of which 20 were selected for 2 multiplexes based on amplification success and band size. Eleven of these loci showed polymorphism in two populations of Khaya senegalensis and amplified in individuals from across the species range.• Conclusions: These new microsatellite loci will be useful for investigation of the evolutionary and conservation genetics of Khaya senegalensis.
Effects of Solid Hyaluronic Acid Film on Postoperative Fibrous Scar Formation After Strabismus Surgery in Animals
Authors: Takeuchi Kimio , Nakazawa Mitsuru , Metoki Tomomi , Yamazaki Hitoshi , Miyagawa Yasuhiro , Ito Tadashi 
Published: September 2010

Purpose:
The purpose of this study was to investigate the inhibitory effect of solid hyaluronic acid-carboxymethylcellulose film on the formation of wound adhesion after strabismus surgery on rabbit eyes.

Methods:
The authors performed strabismus surgery on rabbit eyes with hyaluronic acid film applied under and above the muscles. Histological examination was performed 90 days postoperatively using Masson trichrome staining. The length of adhesion tissues in the operated area was quantitatively compared between film-treated and control eyes.

Results:

Hyaluronic acid film significantly prevented the formation of adhesions between muscle, conjunctiva, and sclera after strabismus surgery (
t
test,
P
< .05).

Conclusion:
The current results indicate that hyaluronic acid film can inhibit the formation of postoperative adhesion around conjunctiva, muscle, and sclera to some extent. The authors conclude that this substance offers potential benefits for ophthalmic surgery, not only with strabismus surgery but also procedures such as scleral buckle.
Causes of Decentration After Laser-Assisted Subepithelial Keratectomy
Authors: Cakmak Hasan Basri , Cagil Nurullah , Simavli Huseyin , Serefli Sirin , Simsek Saban 
Published: September 2010

Background and Objective:
To determine important factors causing decentration after laser-assisted subepithelial keratectomy (LASEK).

Patients and Methods:

A total of 223 cases (446 eyes) were evaluated after LASEK using corneal topography to determine the amount of decentration. Decentration and pupillary offset values and their components on the nasal, temporal, superior, and inferior axes were analyzed with the
t
test and the two-way repeated measures analysis of variance test in patients with myopia or hypermetropia. Correlation analysis between the amount of decentration and the possible determinative variables (age, gender, spherical refractive error, magnitude of astigmatism, spherical equivalent, average keratometry, mesopic pupil diameter, decentration, and pupillary offset) were performed.

Results:

Although decentration up to 0.99 mm was observed, mean decentration was 0.26 ± 0.16 mm. Alternatively, pupillary offset values were higher and the mean pupillary offset was 0.28 ± 0.16 mm. In myopia, mean total decentration was significantly less than hyperopia (
P
= .001). The inferior component of decentration was higher than the other locations in both myopia and hypermetropia. The nasal component of pupillary offset was highest among others. When all cases were included in the analysis, Pearson correlation analysis showed a statistically significant correlation between decentration and presence of hyperopia (r = 0.162 and
P
=.001) and amount of pupillary offset (r = 0.296 and
P
= .001).

Conclusion:
Mean decentration was higher in hyperopia than in myopia. Most of the decentration may be attributed to inferior decentration. Pupillary offset values were the factor most significantly correlated to the amount of decentration in all cases.