bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Algorithmic discrimination: examining its types and regulatory measures with emphasis on US legal practices
Authors: Wang Xukang , Wu Ying Cheng , Ji Xueliang , Fu Hongpeng 
Published: May 2024

IntroductionAlgorithmic decision-making systems are widely used in various sectors, including criminal justice, employment, and education. While these systems are celebrated for their potential to enhance efficiency and objectivity, they also pose risks of perpetuating and amplifying societal biases and discrimination. This paper aims to provide an indepth analysis of the types of algorithmic discrimination, exploring both the challenges and potential solutions.MethodsThe methodology includes a systematic literature review, analysis of legal documents, and comparative case studies across different geographic regions and sectors. This multifaceted approach allows for a thorough exploration of the complexity of algorithmic bias and its regulation.ResultsWe identify five primary types of algorithmic bias: bias by algorithmic agents, discrimination based on feature selection, proxy discrimination, disparate impact, and targeted advertising. The analysis of the U.S. legal and regulatory framework reveals a landscape of principled regulations, preventive controls, consequential liability, self-regulation, and heteronomy regulation. A comparative perspective is also provided by examining the status of algorithmic fairness in the EU, Canada, Australia, and Asia.ConclusionReal-world impacts are demonstrated through case studies focusing on criminal risk assessments and hiring algorithms, illustrating the tangible effects of algorithmic discrimination. The paper concludes with recommendations for interdisciplinary research, proactive policy development, public awareness, and ongoing monitoring to promote fairness and accountability in algorithmic decision-making. As the use of AI and automated systems expands globally, this work highlights the importance of developing comprehensive, adaptive approaches to combat algorithmic discrimination and ensure the socially responsible deployment of these powerful technologies.
Comparing standard screening questionnaires of canine behavior for assessment of cognitive dysfunction
Authors: Haake Julia , Meller Sebastian , Meyerhoff Nina , Twele Friederike , Charalambous Marios , Talbot Steven R. , Volk Holger A. 
Published: May 2024

BackgroundCanine cognitive dysfunction (CCD) is a common, yet underdiagnosed neurodegenerative disease affecting older dogs. Treatment is most effective when started early, so identifying mild cognitive decline in the earlier stages of the disease is considered important.Hypothesis/objectiveTo compare the results of three different standard screening questionnaires [Canine Dementia Scale (CADES), Canine Cognitive Assessment Scale (CCAS), and Canine Cognitive Dysfunction Rating Scale (CCDR)] for CCD diagnosis. Trainability, pain sensitivity, and fear were additionally assessed with the Canine Behavioral Assessment and Research Questionnaire (C-BARQ) in order to evaluate associations between the three dementia scales and behavior.MethodsAn online survey containing all the mentioned questionnaires was designed for and distributed among owners of elderly dogs.ResultsData from 597 dogs were analyzed. Overall, the scores of the three CCD questionnaires correlated well with each other, especially those of the CADES and CCAS. The CADES was more sensitive in identifying dogs with already mild to moderate cognitive impairment, while the others classified them as still undergoing normal aging. CCD scores increased for all questionnaires with age with spatial orientation being a key feature in CCD development. Trainability assessed with the C-BARQ decreased significantly with severity of CCD signs, while pain sensitivity increased. Fear and anxiety was pronounced in animals with mild but not with severe CCD. These associations based on the C-BARQ were more clearly observable in relation to CADES and CCDR than CCAS.Conclusion/clinical relevanceThe choice of screening questionnaire impacts the evaluation of cognitive status and severity of CCD. Thresholds for severity classification differ significantly and may have an impact on reliable assessment. Further longitudinal studies are required to determine which of the questionnaires investigated in this study is best suited for early detection of CCD.
Persepsi Mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Terhadap Lingkungan Belajar Menggunakan Dreem (Dundee Ready Education Enviroment Measure)
Authors: Lengkong Jeffry S.J , Pangemanan Damajanty H. C. , Puk Jimmy Rumam , Engka Joice N. A. , Kaligis Stefana H. M. 
Published: May 2024

Lingkungan belajar merupakan salah satu faktor penting yang dapat mempengaruhi keberhasilan mahasiswa dalam belajar. Lingkungan belajar yang baik dapat menciptakan suasana yang kondusif untuk belajar, sehingga mahasiswa dapat belajar dengan lebih efektif dan efisien. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis persepsi mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran terhadap lingkungan belajar menggunakan DREEM (Dundee Ready Education Environment Measure). Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian deskriptif-analitik dengan pendekatan studi cross sectional. Populasi penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa fakultas kedokteran di Universitas X, sampel dipilih menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Teknik pengumpulan data pada penelitian ini menggunakan studi literatur dan kuesioner menggunakan Dundee Ready Educational Environment Measure (DREEM). Analisis Data menggunakan metode uji Pearson. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa 168 (84%) mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran memiliki persepsi yang cenderung positif. Terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara persepsi mahasoswa fakultas kedokteran terhadap lingkungan belajar dengan nilai uji p= 0,054 (p>0,5). Penelitian menyimpulkan persepsi mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran terhadap lingkungan belajar adalah positif. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa lingkungan belajar di Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas X secara umum sudah baik dan mendukung keberhasilan mahasiswa dalam belajar.
Effect of Conceptual Understanding Procedures (Cups) Model on Mathematics Learning Results on SPLDV Materials
Authors: Tarashifa Putri Salwa , Wantika Restu Ria 
Published: May 2024

Improving student learning outcomes in mathematics is not only done through memorization of material, but also requires an understanding of concepts and problems so that laters student are able to solve problems. In overcoming these problems, the CUPs (Conceptual Understanding Procedures) model is needed as an innovative learning model to provide an increase in student learning outcomes. Providing a description of the effect of student learning outcomes through the application of CUPs (Conceptual Understanding Procedures) is the purpose of this study. Including quantitative research, with Pre-test Ppost-test Non-Equivalent Control Group Design. Class VIII SMP Negeri 12 Surabaya os the population in this study with respondents, namely students of class VIII-F as the experimental class and VIII-G as the control class, each totaling 32 students. Data collected through questions that have been fulfilled through analyzing. The analysis that underlies the acquisition which is and . Because in the sense that the teaching results experience differences in the experimental class after going through the application of CUPs (Conceptual Understanding Procedures) and control through conventional models. So it is concluded that teacing with CUPs (Conceptual Understanding Procedures) has an influence on the learning outcomes of junior high scholl mathematics students.
Gereja Masehi Injili di Timor dan Keberpihakan pada Alam: Apresiasi terhadap Liturgi Bulan Lingkungan Hidup di Gereja Masehi Injili di Timor
Authors: Ludji Ni Sarah Medo , Taneo Rolin Ferdilianto Sandelgus 
Published: May 2024

Alam NTT dikenal begitu gersang. Hal ini sebagai akibat dari rendahnya intensitas hujan dari tahun ke tahun. Selain tanah yang gersang, keadaan laut juga memprihatinkan oleh karena pencemaran dari sampah-sampah yang dihasilkan masyarakat. Dalam melihat keadaan ini, GMIT bereaksi secara cepat. Reaksi itu terlihat melalui penetapan bulan November pada 2007 sebagai bulan lingkungan hidup. Tujuannya ialah untuk kembali merefleksikan relasi antara Allah, manusia dan alam ciptaan. Dalam merayakan bulan lingkungan hidup, liturgi yang dipakai dalam kebaktian di GMIT dinarasikan sedemikian rupa agar bisa menggugah jemaatnya untuk peduli lingkungan. Liturgi ini merupakan bentuk implementasi ekoteologi yang secara sadar dilakukan oleh GMIT. Liturgi dalam artinya yang baru dipahami sebagai bentuk karya pelayanan manusia. Dengan menetapkan bulan November sebagai bulan lingkungan hidup oleh GMIT, jemaat diajak untuk memusatkan karya pelayanannya terhadap alam yang mulai rusak. Penelitian ini menggunakan dua metode yakni pengamatan singkat dan studi literaturr. Hasil studi menunjukkan bahwa GMIT berani untuk membuat suatu terobosan untuk menjaga keseimbangan alam melalui ibadah yang dilakukan. Dalam hal ini juga peningkatan iman Kristen dalam jemaat GMIT terjadi melalui kesadaran mereka terhadap eko-teologi yang mendukung alam sebagai ciptaan Allah.
Optimal processing of surface facial EMG to identify emotional expressions: A data-driven approach
Authors: Rutkowska J. M. , Ghilardi T. , Vacaru S. V. , van Schaik J. E. , Meyer M. , Hunnius S. , Oostenveld R. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractSurface facial electromyography (EMG) is commonly used to detect emotions from subtle facial expressions. Although there are established procedures for collecting EMG data and some aspects of their processing, there is little agreement among researchers about the optimal way to process the EMG signal, so that the study-unrelated variability (noise) is removed, and the emotion-related variability is best detected. The aim of the current paper was to establish an optimal processing pipeline for EMG data for identifying emotional expressions in facial muscles. We identified the most common processing steps from existing literature and created 72 processing pipelines that represented all the different processing choices. We applied these pipelines to a previously published dataset from a facial mimicry experiment, where 100 adult participants observed happy and sad facial expressions, whilst the activity of their facial muscles, zygomaticus major and corrugator supercilii, was recorded with EMG. We used a resampling approach and subsets of the original data to investigate the effect and robustness of different processing choices on the performance of a logistic regression model that predicted the mimicked emotion (happy/sad) from the EMG signal. In addition, we used a random forest model to identify the most important processing steps for the sensitivity of the logistic regression model. Three processing steps were found to be most impactful: baseline correction, standardisation within muscles, and standardisation within subjects. The chosen feature of interest and the signal averaging had little influence on the sensitivity to the effect. We recommend an optimal processing pipeline, share our code and data, and provide a step-by-step walkthrough for researchers.
Analisis Faktor-Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Upah Tenaga Kerja Pada Koperasi Simpan Pinjam Harapan Bersama Di Kabupaten Kotabumi Selatan
Authors: Iskandar Dadang Ishak , Rumianti Susti , Mervita Eda 
Published: May 2024

This study aims to analyze the factors that affect labor wages at the Harapan Bersama Savings and Loans Cooperative in East Lombok Regency. This study uses an associative quantitative approach in the form of primary and secondary data. The analytical model used in this study is multiple linear regression analysis processed using SPSS software. The population in this study are all Cooperative employees. Data collection techniques used were interviews, documentation and observation by distributing questionnaires. The results of this study partially show that the level of education and years of service have a significant effect on wages, while the variables of gender and age have no significant effect on labor wages at the Harapan Bersama Savings and Loans Cooperative in East Lombok Regency. Simultaneously it shows that the level of education, gender, age, and years of service have a significant effect on labor wages at the Harapan Bersama Savings and Loans Cooperative in East Lombok Regency.

Keywords : Wages, Education Level, Gender, Age and Years of Service
Peran Ekonomi Kreatif Dalam Peningkatan Perekonomian Pengrajin Tali Tenun Persepektif Ekonomi Islam
Authors: Eviatun Esti , Hasan Saukani , Sari Romida Rifiana 
Published: May 2024

Creative economy is a concept in the new economic era that allows communities to start businesses and channel their innovative ideas to create something new and different. This research aims to understand the role of the creative economy in increasing the income of woven rope artisans in Kalianda, viewed from the perspective of Islamic economics. This is a qualitative study that employs a descriptive approach. This research finds that making woven ropes is very difficult, and the wages earned differ from the weaving ropes process. However, poverty keeps the artisans engaged in weaving rope work. As observed, most woven rope artisans in Kalianda still rely on their income from crafting woven ropes to make a living. These craftsmen are reluctant to remain idle and dependent on others; they work enthusiastically to meet their livelihood needs.

Keywords : Creative economy, Income, Islamic economics.
Development of Management Information System in Education in the Globalization Era
Authors: Hasanuddin Hasanuddin , Iskandar Dadang Ishak , Rumianti Susti 
Published: May 2024

This research aims to compare the development of educational information systems. As time goes by, educational information systems are the most important aspect in the world of education and are most needed because educational management information systems support the progress of formal and informal educational institutions. Meanwhile, this article is the result of a qualitative study, examining various sources related to the implementation of management information systems and of course various phenomena in the development of educational management information systems and their use in the world of education today and also in the environment.

Keywords: Development, Management information systems, Education, Globalization
The Effect of Empowerment and Performance on the Welfare of Kotabumi MSME
Authors: Selumo Ari Yanto , Sari Romida Rifiana , Hasan Saukani , Eviatun Esti 
Published: May 2024

This research was conducted in Kotabumi City . 70 Kotabumi City MSME actors used as a sample in this research. This research uses descriptive qualitative as a research method, the aim of which is to find out the influence of MSME Empowerment and Performance on the Welfare of MSME Actors. To obtain data, questionnaires were distributed. After that, the data obtained will be processed using the Partial Least Square (PLS) method, which is a regression-based method. The results of this research show that the MSME Empowerment variable has a significant effect with t = 7.632613 > t table = 1.99089 on the MSME Performance variable, the MSME empowerment variable has a significant effect with t = 2.781585 > t table = 1.99089 on Welfare MSME Actor variable. And the relationship between the MSME Performance variables also has a significant effect because t = 5.839031 > t table = 1.99089 on the welfare of MSME actors .

Keywords: Welfare, Performance, MSME, Empowerment
The Role of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises in Reducing Unemployment in Lampung Province
Authors: Mervita Eda , Hasanuddin Hasanuddin , Rumianti Susti 
Published: May 2024

In the current era of globalization, there are many different types of businesses that can be found in Indonesia, both on a small and large scale. In this case, the government always strives to provide support for MSMEs so that they can create thriving businesses in each of their respective fields. The data analysis used is multiple linear regression. The research results show that: 1) The wage level and the F Test for Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises both have a simultaneous influence on unemployment in Lampung Province . 2) Based on the findings of a partial test (t test) comparing SMEs, the response rate in East Java Province has decreased. This can be explained by the calculated t value of 27.85499 but the t table value is only 2.13185. The calculated t value obtained exceeds the t table significantly, or the significance level of 0.00 is smaller than 0.05. Action in Lampung Province will decrease by 22.2% with the growth of micro and small businesses, according to the regression coefficient of 0.222454 or 22.2%. 3) The level of wages in MSMEs has a negative impact on reducing income in Lampung Province , according to the partial test (t test) between them. This can be explained by the fact that the calculated t value, namely -7.082008, is substantially smaller than the t table value, 2.13185, or by using a significant threshold of 0.0021 < 0.05. The response rate in Lampung province will decrease by 3.92% when the wage rate for micro, small and medium enterprises is increased, according to the regression coefficient of -3.920577, or 3.92%.

Keywords: Unemployment, wage level, MSMEs
DART Impact Ejecta Plume Evolution: Implications for Dimorphos
Authors: Cheng Andrew F. , Raducan S. D. , Jutzi M. , Farnham T. L. , Dotto E. , Della Corte V. , Mazzotta Epifani E. , Rossi A. , Gai I. , Deshapriya J. , Hasselmann P. , Bertini I. , Zinzi A. , Ivanovski S. , Brucato J. , Poggiali Giovanni , Lucchetti A. , Pajola M. , Zanotti G. , Amoroso M. , Capannolo A. , Cremonese G. , Dall’Ora M. , Ieva S. , Impresario G. , Lavagna M. , Modenini D. , Palumbo P. , Perna D. , Pirrotta S. , Tortora P. , Zannoni M. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The NASA Double Asteroid Redirection Test (DART) spacecraft impacted the moon Dimorphos of the [65803] Didymos binary system and changed the binary orbit period, demonstrating asteroid deflection by a kinetic impact and indicating that more momentum was transferred to Dimorphos by escaping impact ejecta than was incident with DART. Images of the DART impact ejecta plume were obtained by the Light Italian cubesat for Imaging of Asteroids (LICIACube) in the first few minutes after the DART impact. The ejecta plume imaged by LICIACube 158 s after the DART impact prior to closest approach shows no evidence for plume clearing at low altitude. The ejecta plume imaged 175 s after the DART impact is optically thick up to projected altitudes of 200 m above the surface of Dimorphos. These observations are compared with models of the impact ejecta plume optical depth, structure, and evolution, which are developed from point-source scaling models fitted to numerical simulations of the DART impact into a rubble pile Dimorphos with different material strengths. The observations of the impact plume optical depth and the high momentum transfer from the DART impact are not consistent with impact and ejecta plume models assuming the Dimorphos cohesive strength to be as high as 5000 Pa. Models with 5 and 50 Pa Dimorphos cohesive strength provide the overall best consistency with plume opacity observations and high momentum transfer.
A new species of Mexicope Hooker, 1985 (Crustacea, Isopoda) — the first record of Acanthaspidiidae Menzies, 1962 from the Mediterranean Sea
Authors: Riehl Torben , Schienbein Katharina , Mifsud Constantine 
Published: May 2024

The marine isopod family Acanthaspidiidae Menzies, 1962 (Asellota, Janiroidea) has global distribution from shelf to hadal depth. The majority of species has been recorded from relatively deep waters and the Southern Hemisphere. To date, 36 species have been described in the family belonging to three genera: Ianthopsis Beddard, 1886; Iolanthe Beddard, 1886; and Mexicope Hooker, 1985.
Here, a new species of Mexicope is described from Maltese waters, adding a fourth species to the genus. It is the first member of the family reported from the Mediterranean Sea. The new species can be recognised by the unique combination of the following characters: cephalothorax with pre-ocular spine large and pointed anterolaterally, rostral projection blunt, eyes reduced; pereonal sternites each with one ventral spine; pereonite two lateral margins with single projection; pleotelson posterior apex long, projecting to approximately half of the length of the uropod protopod; pleopods I distolateral lobes projecting beyond distomedial lobes, apices curved and pointed laterally; uropod exopod length approximately 0.5 endopod length. An identification key to the species of Mexicope is presented and the generic diagnoses of Ianthopsis and Mexicope are compared, discussed and revised.
Comparative Analysis of Tenecteplase versus Alteplase in Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Multicentric Observational Study from Eastern India
Authors: Dutta Arpan , Gupta Subhadeep , Chakraborty Uddalak , Mondal Chayan , Banerjee Soumozit , Das Deep , Jatua Sanat K. , Chakrabarty Susanta , Misra Samiran , Bhattacharya Jishnu , Datta Samir K. , Ghosh Somnath , Sanyal Debasish , Sarkar Arnab , Ray Biman K. 
Published: May 2024

Background:
Tenecteplase is used as an alternative to alteplase and is considered noninferior for thrombolysis in acute ischemic stroke.

Objectives:
To compare the effectiveness and adverse effects of tenecteplase and alteplase in the real-world management of acute ischemic stroke.

Materials and Methods:
In this retrospective observational study, we collected data from acute ischemic stroke patients admitted in six hospitals in West Bengal, India, and were thrombolysed with tenecteplase or alteplase between July 2021 and June 2022. Demographic data, baseline parameters, hospital course, and 3-month follow-up data were collected. The percentage of patients achieving a score of 0–2 in the modified Ranking scale at 3 months, rate of symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage, and all-cause mortality within 3 months were the main parameters of comparison between the two thrombolytic agents.

Results:
A total of 162 patients were initially included in this study. Eight patients were excluded due to unavailability of follow-up data. Among the remaining patients, 71 patients received tenecteplase and 83 patients received alteplase. There was no statistically significant difference between tenecteplase and alteplase with respect to the percentage of patients achieving functional independence (modified Rankin scale score 0–2) at 3 months (53.5% vs. 60.2%, P = 0.706), rate of symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (5.6% vs. 10.8%, P = 0.246), and all-cause mortality at 3 months (11.3% vs. 15.7%, P = 0.628).

Conclusion:
The effectiveness of tenecteplase is comparable to alteplase in the real-world management of acute ischemic stroke. Symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage and all-cause mortality rates are also similar in real-world practice.