bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bioconversion of spent mushroom substrate and wet distiller's grains by black soldier fly larvae: effect of substrates on larval treatment and residues
Authors: Wei Mao , Li Tao , Khan Samiullah Samiullah , Li Haiyin , Wen Tingchi , Yi Tianci , Guo Jianjun 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Spent mushroom substrate (SMS) and wet distiller's grains (WDG) are growing organic wastes. The black soldier fly larvae (BSFL) can convert multiple organic wastes. However, there is limited information on their conversion by BSFL. Therefore, this study explores the conversion of SMS and WDG of five proportions by BSFL. This study shows that BSFL can convert SMS, WDG and their mixtures, 100% WDG is suitable for the growth of the BSFL. BSFL can promote the humification of the substrate during the treatment process, increasing the content of total kjeldahl nitrogen, total organic carbon, total phosphorus and total potassium in the residues. The fractionation mode of carbon and nitrogen elements and the microbial community in residue is obviously different, but that is closely relates to the physicochemical parameters and the microbial community of the substrate. The mixture treated by BSFL is helpful to form a residue with higher humus, but it may be unstable.
Making Facts Fun!: Results from a style-based intervention into online misinformation ecosystems
Authors: Lee Jooyoung , Booth Emily , Farid Hany , Rizoiu Marian-Andrei 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Misinformation is often viewed as an information problem, attributed to people’s poor understanding of consensus-based facts. While this is a contributing factor, we propose that misinformation and conspiracy are simply more engaging explanations for our world. Can we combat misinformation by making facts fun? We present the findings of a controlled experiment testing this hypothesis, in which we tailored messaging about consensus-based information to the communication styles used by three vulnerable cohorts. Our results demonstrate that styled message generated higher engagement from users than the neutral-toned variants. We introduce our theory of the misinformation ecosystem as a way of understanding online communities and their communication styles, and profiles of three personas representative of the cohorts included in our experiment. Our findings suggest that styled messaging for consensus-based information can reach vulnerable fringe communities that are otherwise resistant to external influence, providing considerable implications about possible future interventions to counter misinformation.
Resurrecting failed environment-recruitment relationships: Revisiting cod recruitment in light of the poor-recruitment paradigm
Authors: Gross Julie M. , Hoenig John M. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Numerous environmental drivers (e.g., temperature, salinity) have been proposed as controls to recruitment. However, these relationships often become discredited over time as further data become available. It remains unclear if these environment-recruitment relationships are spurious results of examining many variables or if environmental drivers’ influences on recruitment change over time, e.g., with shifting climate. We propose that it is of value to re-examine discredited environment-recruitment relationships using the poor-recruitment paradigm (Gross et al. 2022, Fish. Res. 252, 106329). This approach examines whether extreme environmental conditions are associated with poor recruitment, the idea being that non-extreme conditions are uninformative in terms of predicting recruitment. This allows one to detect patterns of poor recruitment regardless of an environment-recruitment relationship’s perceived (lack of) significance. We apply the poor-recruitment paradigm approach to various stocks of Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) for both historical environment-recruitment data from a metanalysis (Myers 1998, Rev. Fish Biol. Fisher. 8, 285) and for recent environment-recruitment data from the 2023 stock assessments for stocks in the Gulf of Maine and Georges Bank in the northwest Atlantic Ocean. From re-examining historical data, we find poor recruitment can be predicted from previously discredited or uninformative environmental conditions involving temperature, salinity and zooplankton abundance. When re-examining recent data through the poor-recruitment paradigm, we find that temperature continues to have predictive value for poor recruitment, but zooplankton abundance is less informative and does not always follow the poor-recruitment paradigm. These findings suggest that 1) these predictors continue to be important over time for cod recruitment and 2) that for the recent regime, temperature may be a better predictor of poor recruitment than zooplankton abundance, possibly because there is a mismatch between the spatial and temporal measurements of zooplankton abundance and the conditions that cod recruits experience.
Automated Detection of Core Comments in Online UAV Discussion Forums
Authors: Han Doheon , Moniz Nuno , Cleland-Huang Jane , Chawla Nitesh 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) have become popular, and accordingly, diagnosing failure is essential but not easy due to its difficulty and complexity.
Online UAV forums can help users diagnose the failures since they contain abundant information from diverse users.
However, matching responses to user needs is not easy because forum comments are often unclear or contradictory, and it can be even harder when forums contain difficult content.
Large Language Models have shown good achievement for this task, but they have limitations such as their inexplicableness, or inconsistent results.
Therefore, we try a traditional machine-learning approach, text classification in a supervised manner, with human-annotated labels.
This approach shows competitive performance with analyzable and consistent results, however, some issues such as imbalance and user subjectivity are identified.
The subjectivity issue is more serious in difficult forums like UAV forums, meaning each user defines correctness or helpfulness with their standards.
In this paper, we tackle determining core comments, i.e., answers or helpful comments, in online UAV discussion forums while dealing with the imbalance and subjectivity issues.
With a thorough experimental evaluation, we confirm the effect of our strategy.
Empirically, we discover how individual subjectivity may harm the training and evaluation process.
In addition, we analyze the results in quantitative and qualitative ways to define helpfulness in the context of online forums.
A novel method for preserving leaves to facilitate gene expression analyses in field-grown plants
Authors: Ueda Yoshiaki 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background
Gene expression is a fundamental process for plants to express their phenotype, and its analysis is the basis of molecular studies. However, the instability of RNA often poses an obstacle to analyzing plants grown in fields or remote locations where the availability of liquid nitrogen or dry ice is limited. To deepen our understanding of plant phenotypes and tolerance to field-specific stresses, it is crucial to develop methodologies to maintain plant RNA intact and safely transfer it for downstream analyses such as qPCR and RNA-seq.
Results
In this study, the author developed a novel tissue preservation method that involved the infiltration of RNA preservation solution into the leaf apoplast using a syringe and subsequent storage at 4°C. RNA-seq using samples stored for 5 d and principal component analyses showed that rice leaves treated with the infiltration method maintained the original transcriptome pattern better than those treated with the traditional method when the leaves were simply immersed in the solution. Additionally, it was also found that extracted RNA can be transported with minimum risk of degradation when it is bound to the membrane of RNA extraction kits. The developed infiltration method was applied to rice plants grown in a local farmer's field in northern Madagascar to analyze the expression of nutrient-responsive genes, suggesting nutrient imbalances in some of the fields examined.
Conclusions
This study showed that the developed infiltration method was effective in preserving the transcriptome status of rice and sorghum leaves when liquid nitrogen or a deep freezer is not available. The developed method was useful for diagnosing plants in the field based on the expression of nutrient marker genes. Moreover, the method used to protect RNA samples from degradation during transportation offers the possibility to use them for RNA-seq. This novel technique could pave the way for revealing the molecular basis of plant phenotypes that are specifically observed in the field.
Optimal counting of single photon pulses
Authors: Murariu Teodora , Pioras-Timbolmas Larisa-Milena , Tudoran Cristian Daniel , Tripon Carmen , Buimaga-Iarinca Luiza , Zarbo Liviu , Morari Cristian 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Measurement process is the key element for the interpretation of the results in quantum mechanics experiments. Here weinvestigate the influence of the detector technical characteristics (e.g. detector’s dead time) upon the photon distribution a inparametric down-conversion experiment. We show that the information on photon counting for signal, idle and coincidencescan be optimized by using a correlation pattern between time-window used of the measurements, detector’s dead time andthe speed of electronic circuits. Fine tuning of these parameters allows for the maximization of information transfer betweenthe quantum system and the experimental device. We prove this by comparing known physical properties of down convertedphotons with those measured with different experimental setups.
Vegetation types in the Central Brazilian Cerrado can be classified based on vegetation structural differences, but not on tree compositional differences
Authors: Silva Arthur da Cruz , Veenendaal Elmar , Plas Fons Van der , Júnior Valdivino Domingos de Oliveira , Meira-Neto João Augusto Alves 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

The Cerrado biome encompasses different vegetation types, ranging from savanna-like vegetation to forest-like vegetation, represented by a vegetational continuum from Cerrado Típico, Cerrado Denso and Cerradão, respectively. Nevertheless, there are still uncertainties on whether these different vegetation types do not only differ in their vegetation structure, but also in their species compositions. Based on vegetation surveys from 167 plots in the central Brazilian Cerrado, we addressed two questions: i) How variable is the vegetation structure and species between different Cerrado vegetation types? Second, ii) how strongly are vegetation structure and species composition linked? To answer these questions, we performed hierarchical clustering for species composition and vegetation structure. Our results showed that for species composition only 18% of the variance was explained by hierarchical clustering, while for vegetation structure 82% of variance was explained. Additionally, there was a significant difference in the structure metrics between clusters, showing that it is possible to clearly identify different Cerrado vegetation types based on vegetation structures, but not by species composition. Finally, we suggest that trait plasticity in Cerrado trees should drive structural differences among vegetation types, which could be the focus of future studies.
Portuguese version of the Citizenship Fatigue Scale: adaptation and evidence of validity
Authors: Neves Paula C. , Andrade Cláudia , Alves Lia 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background
Citizenship fatigue has been identified as a negative consequence of performing organizational citizenship behaviors and has been studied due to its undesirable effects on employees and organizations. This article aims to present the results of adapting the citizenship fatigue scale to Portuguese language and to provide evidence of its validity.
Methods
The research methodology involved multiple stages. Initially, the Citizenship Fatigue Scale was translated into Portuguese using a robust back-translation process involving three bilingual translators to ensure semantic accuracy. Subsequently, for psychometric testing, the Citizenship Fatigue Scale and Compulsory Citizenship Behavior Scale were administered. Confirmatory factor analysis was conducted, employing the maximum likelihood estimation method to assess the scale’s reliability and validity. Gender invariance was examined at three different levels: (1) configural invariance, (2) factor loading invariance and (3) factor loading and intercept invariance.
Results
The internal consistency, of the whole scale, measured by Cronbach’s alpha, was 0.95. The composite reliability value was also very satisfactory (CF = .95). The variance extracted from mean (AVE) value of .77 was higher than the required limit of .50, indicating an adequate fit of the model. The confirmatory analysis supported a single-factor model and showed good to very good indexes of fit (CFI = 0.99; GFI = 0.99; RMSEA = 0.02). The model was successfully replicated with a sample of both men and women.
Discussion
The results confirm that the Portuguese version of the Citizenship Fatigue Scale is a reliable instrument for research with Portuguese speaking samples and international research.
Investigation of the reproducibility of the treatment efficacy of a commercial bio stimulant using metabolic profiling on flax
Authors: Hamade Kamar , Fliniaux Ophélie , Fontaine Jean-Xavier , Molinié Roland , Herfurth Damien , Mathiron David , Sarazin Vivien , Mesnard Francois 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

The choice of an optimal bio stimulant in agriculture is challenging as it depends on the production system implemented, such as the crop, plant model, soil, climate, and farmer’s practices. Thus, understanding bio stimulant–plant interactions at the molecular level using metabolomics approaches is a prerequisite for the development of a bio stimulant, leading to an effective exploration and application of formulations in agriculture. AGRO-K® is a commercialized plant-based bio stimulant that improves vigor and enhances resistance to lodging in cereal crops. A recent previous untargeted metabolomics study has demonstrated the ability of this bio stimulant to improve wheat resistance to lodging in open-field conditions. However, the reproducibility of the effect of this bio stimulant in other field crops has not yet been investigated. Therefore, the present study aimed to assess the changes in primary and secondary metabolites in the roots, stems, and leaves of fiber flax (Linum usitatissimum L.) treated with AGRO-K®. Concurrent with the previous study conducted in wheat, the present analysis showed that AGRO-K® led to enhancement in the hydroxycinnamic acid amide (HCAA), lignin, and flavonoid pathways in flax. Impacting these pathways enhance root growth and elongation and cell wall lignification, which can aid in preventing crop lodging. These results confirm that HCAAs, flavonoids, and lignin could serve as signature biomarkers of AGRO-K® efficacy in improving lodging resistance for different plant species.
Porvac® subunit vaccine induces neutralizing antibodies against all three main classical swine fever virus genotypes
Authors: Sordo-Puga Yusmel , Santana-Rodríguez Elaine , Pérez-Pérez Danny , Méndez-Orta Mary Karla , Sardina-González Talía , Vargas-Hernández Milagros , Duarte Carlos A. , Rodríguez-Moltó María Pilar , Estrada-García Mario Pablo , Ambagala Aruna , Suárez-Pedroso Marisela 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

The classical swine fever is endemic and a major health problem for the swine industry in Cuba. The current efforts to control the disease include vaccination with Porvac®, a subunit marker vaccine. Although the efficacy of Porvac® against subgenotype 1.4 has been extensively documented, little is known about the abilty of the antibodies induced by this vaccine to neutralize other genotypes. Sera collected frm three pigs vaccinated with Porvac® were able to efficiently neutralize CSFV strains belonging to genotypes 1, 2 and 3. Porvac®-induced antibodies also neutralized bovine viral diarrhea virus and border disease virus. The results suggest that Porvac® marker vaccine could be used for controlling CSF globally.
Warsserstein Tests for Equality of Several Groups for Distributional Data
Authors: Jeong Sanghun , Morris Jeffrey S. , Yang Hojin 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

The study aims to develop a Wasserstein test for the equality of groups for distri-butional data using Wasserstein geometry to account for the geometric distance between empirical distributions. Non-Euclidean data, such as distributional data, do not exist in a linear vector space; therefore, subtraction or addition may not have a meaningful operator. Furthermore, defining measures such as the mean and variance can also be challenging for this problem. This framework enables us to estimate the intrinsic mean and variance using the Wasserstein metric in the Wasserstein space and then to compute the test statistics that can capture the group difference. Therefore, we can compare the population of non-Euclidean data as well as handle the non-Euclidean data. We also derive the asymptotic distribution of the test statistics under mild regularity conditions and establish the asymptotic properties for power performance. We demonstrated the advantages of our proposed approach through simulation studies on various special cases, as well as through its application to biomedical image data, specifically focusing on glioblastoma multiforme.
Risk Factors of Lower Diet Quality by Gender in Cancer Survivors : Korea National Health and Nutrition Survey (KNHANES) 2008-2019
Authors: Jung Sujin , Je Youjin 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Purpose
Previous studies have shown the inverse association between diet quality and cancer mortality. Therefore, this study aims to discover the factors that affect diet quality among cancer survivors.
Methods
We analyzed the 12–year KNHANES data, which included 2,756 subjects. Twenty-nine factors were analyzed.
Results
Risk factors for lower diet quality differed between males and females. A male cancer survivor who is aged < 65, living with members of the household other than a spouse, having a lower household income, a blue-collar worker, a beneficiary of national basic livelihood, sleeping > 9 hours a day, unaware of a nutritional fact label, insecure in food, non-user of dietary supplements, not on a diet, limited in activity, perceiving stress, and obese, is more likely to have poorer diet quality. On the other hand, a female cancer survivor who is aged < 65, a pink-collar worker, inexperienced in nutritional education, non-user of dietary supplements, obese, and has a lower education level, and cervical or stomach cancer is prone to have a lower quality of diet.
Conclusion
Risk Factors of lower diet quality are gender-specific. Therefore, gender-specific factors should be considered when identifying and intervening in cancer survivors at risk for poorer diet quality.
Implications for Cancer Survivors:
The finding of gender-specific factors might help us to detect cancer survivors at high risk of poorer diet quality and to implement nutritional intervention for them.
Effects of light intensity on apple bud differentiation analyzed by transcriptome and proteome
Authors: Junqiang Niu , Xiaoning Yin , Zehua Yang , Ming Ma , Tie Dong , Wentai Sun 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Fuji, a major cultivar group of apple (Malus domestica), is extensively grown in China, Japan, and the USA. However, it has been experiencing prolonged differentiation of flower buds. and the potential mechanisms are largely unknown. Thus, for better comprehend the differentiation of apple flower buds, we performed a comparative transcriptomic and proteomic analysis between the closed (CK) and well-ventilated apple orchards (T) of 15-year-old ‘Nagano Fuji No.2’. In total, 12,211 and 8,290 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 473 and 534 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were identified in the CK group and T group, respectively. In both the expressional and translational levels, 14 up- and 156 down-regulated members were found in samples after flowering compared to pre-flowering in the CK group, respectively. In contrast, 31 up- and 131 down-regulated members were found in the T group. These members were mainly enriched in several Gene Ontology (GO) terms, such as "glycolytic process," "glucan biosynthetic process," and "response to water." These pathways were involved in the differentiation of flower buds regulated by light. Several genes, including MD13G1093200, MD06G1122100, MD15G1253900, MD13G1161400, MD07G1279200, MD15G1253900, and MD10G1289200, exhibited differential expression patterns between the CK and T groups, making them potential key candidates for additional functional analysis. Our findings provide a foundation for further research on the molecular mechanisms of light in flower bud differentiation.
Perinatal outcome of immigrant women with and without refugee status compared to non-immigrant women:
Results of the Pregnancy and Obstetric Care for Refugees (PROREF) Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Schlothauer Darja , Teschemacher Louise , Breckenkamp Jürgen , Borde Theda , David Matthias , Abou-Dakn Michael , Henrich Wolfgang Henrich , Seidel Vera 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Purpose
International studies show conflicting evidence regarding the perinatal outcome of immigrant women with and without refugee status compared to non-immigrant women. There are few studies about the situation in Germany. The research question of this article is: Is the perinatal outcome (Apgar, UApH (umbilical artery pH), NICU (neontatal intensive care unit) transfer, c-section rate, preterm birth, macrosomia, maternal anemia, higher degree perinatal tear, episiotomy, epidural anesthesia) associated with socio-demographic/clinical characteristics (migration status, language skills, household income, maternal education, parity, age, body mass index (BMI))?
Methods
In the Pregnancy and Obstetric Care for Refugees (PROREF)-study (subproject of the research group PH-LENS), funded by the German Research Foundation (DFG), women giving birth in three centers of tertiary care in Berlin were interviewed with the modified Migrant Friendly Maternity Care Questionnaire between June 2020 and April 2022. The interview data was linked to the hospital charts. Data analysis was descriptive and logistic regression analysis was performed to find associations between perinatal outcomes and migration data.
Results
During the research period 3420 women (247 with self-defined (sd) refugee status, 1356 immigrant women and 1817 non-immigrant women) were included. Immigrant women had a higher c-section rate (36.6% vs. 33.2% among non-immigrant women and 31.6% among women with sd refugee status, p = 0.0485). The migration status did not have an influence on the umbilical artery pH, the preterm delivery rate and the transfer of the neonate to the intensive care unit. Women with self-defined refugee status had a higher risk for anemia (31.9% vs. 26.3% immigrant women and 23.4% non-immigrant women, p = 0.0049) and were less often offered an epidural anesthesia for pain control during vaginal delivery (42.5% vs. 54% immigrant women and 52% non-immigrant women, p = 0.0091). In the multivariate analysis maternal education was explaining more than migration status.
Conclusion
Generally, the quality of care for immigrant and non-immigrant women in Berlin seems high. The reasons for higher rate of delivery via c-section among immigrant women remain unclear. Regardless of their migration status women with low degree of education seem at increased risk for anemia.