bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Malate dehydrogenase in plants: evolution, structure, and a myriad of functions
Authors: Baird Lisa M. , Berndsen Christopher E. , Monroe Jonathan D. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Malate dehydrogenase (MDH) catalyzes the interconversion of oxaloacetate and malate coupled to the oxidation/reduction of coenzymes NAD(P)H/NAD(P)+. While most animals have two isoforms of MDH located in the cytosol and mitochondria, all major groups of land plants have at least six MDHs localized to the cytosol, mitochondria, plastids, and peroxisomes. This family of enzymes participates in important reactions in plant cells including photosynthesis, photorespiration, lipid metabolism, and NH4+ metabolism. MDH also helps to regulate the energy balance in the cell and may help the plant cope with various environmental stresses. Despite their functional diversity, all of the plant MDH enzymes share a similar structural fold and act as dimers. In this review, we will introduce readers to our current understanding of the plant MDHs, including their evolution, structure, and function. The focus will be on the MDH enzymes of the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana.
LVAs in a Pedicled SIEA Flap for the Treatment of Recurrent Lymphocele of the Groin Using Superficial Veins of the Flap for Lymphovenous Anastomosis: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Facchin Federico , Fritsche Elmar , Franchi Alberto 
Published: June 2024

AbstractPersistent lymphocele of the groin is a complication of groin surgery that can severely impact the quality of life. The restoration of the interrupted lymphatic pathway is considered by many authors the ideal treatment to prevent a recurrence. However, multiple aspiration procedures and surgical revisions can compromise the availability of local veins needed for a lymphovenular bypass surgery. In addition, surgical debridement of a long-standing lymphocele can generate extensive dead space and contour deformity. A flap delivering additional venules for trans-flap lymphovenular anastomoses (LVAs) can overcome both problems by providing soft tissue and competent veins harvested outside the zone of injury.A successful case of severe groin lymphocele treated with trans-flap LVAs from an abdominal-based flap is presented. The patient was referred to us for a recurrent lymphocele developed in the right groin after lipoma excision that persisted despite multiple surgical attempts. After the identification of patent and draining inguinal lymphatic vessels, a pinch test was used to design a mini-abdominoplasty superficial inferior epigastric artery flap. The superficial veins of the cranial incision were identified and anastomosed to the lymphatic vessels after the pedicled flap harvested and insetted in the groin.The early restoration of lymphatic drainage and the optimal aesthetic outcome supports the combined approach offered by trans-flap LVAs as a valuable therapeutic option for severe and persistent lymphocele.
Expanding the Phenotypic Spectrum of GRIN1 Encephalopathy: Two Pediatric Patients with Atypical Findings
Authors: Loos Mariana , Juanes Matias , Gallo Adolfo , Martín María Eugenia , Reyes Gabriela , Veneruzzo Gabriel , Rugilo Carlos , Alonso Cristina , Caraballo Roberto 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Introduction GRIN1 encephalopathy is an emerging genetic entity due to de novo monoallelic or biallelic pathogenic variants in the GRIN1 gene that impair the function of the GluN1 subunit of the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor. Here, we describe two patients with GRIN1 encephalopathy with an uncommon neuroradiological pattern.
Cases Presentation Two boys presented with a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by severe cognitive impairment, autistic features, hand stereotyped movements, self-injurious behavior, and hyperkinetic movements. They were nonverbal and did not acquire the ability to walk. Both developed epileptic encephalopathy with epileptic spasms. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain showed bilateral hippocampal sclerosis in both, and one of them showed multiple cortical lesions with diffusion restriction. Two relevant missense variants in the GRIN1 gene were identified by a next-generation sequencing panel, one was novel (c.1927A > G-p.(Ile643Val)) and the other (c.2530C > T-p.(Arg844Cys)) was previously reported associated with GRIN1-neurodevelopmental disorder. Both variants are predicted to affect the normal function of the GluN1 subunit and were classified as likely pathogenic and pathogenic, respectively.
Conclusion The association of severe cognitive impairment, autistic features with hand stereotypies, self-injurious behavior, and hyperkinetic movements in patients with epileptic encephalopathy are characteristic of GRIN1 encephalopathy. The hippocampal sclerosis and cortical lesions, similar to those found in NMDA autoimmune encephalitis, observed in these patients expand the neuroradiological features of this entity.
Design of frequency and beam reconfigurable antenna based on encoded reflectors for Wi-Fi and IoT applications
Authors: Jiao Ziyi , Zhao Yutong 
Published: June 2024

A frequency and beam reconfigurable antenna based on encoded reflectors for Wi-Fi and IoT applications is proposed in this paper. By modifying the traditional Alford antenna, extending the transmission line, adding radiation arms, and loading PIN diodes, the frequency reconfigurable function can be realized. Then, the three-layer reflectors are loaded around the antenna. The pattern reconfigurable function of the antenna can be achieved by encoding the operating states of the PIN diodes on the reflectors. The antenna is fed from the bottom via a coaxial transmission line, and the dimension of the antenna is 0.99λ0 × 0.99λ0. The simulated and measured results show that the working frequencies of the antenna can be switched between 1.65, 2, and 2.4 GHz with bandwidths of 2.4%, 4.4%, and 1.2%, gains of 3, 4.5, and 2 dBi, and efficiencies of 48.8%, 75.0%, and 49.6% in directional mode, respectively. The antenna works in omnidirectional radiation mode with a scanning accuracy of 10°, bandwidths of 6.6%, 4.9%, and 0.8%, gains of 0.3, 0.52, and −2.8 dBi, and efficiencies of 73.1%, 74.1%, and 51.9% at 1.65, 2, and 2.4 GHz, respectively, when the PIN diodes are tuned in off states. The antenna proposed in this paper offers several advantages, including a wider frequency band, a broader angular range, and higher precision compared to other frequency and pattern reconfigurable antennas. The antenna can be utilized for Wi-Fi and IoT communication, thereby reducing the number of antennas, enhancing communication quality and accuracy, and improving device integration.
Please explain what this diagnosis means because I don’t quite understand
Authors: Kiełkiewicz-Janowiak Agnieszka , Zabielska Magdalena 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Hospital discharge documents (HDDs) containing treatment information and recovery recommendations often cause
concern or even stress for patients. Studies have shown that the language used in the document is often incomprehensible to the
patient and seems intended mostly for (other) medical professionals. The aim of this article is to examine the discursive process
of deconstructing medical knowledge encoded in HDDs through online dialogue between users of an open health-related forum in
Polish. The analysis has revealed the discursive ways of sharing information and offering support by translating from Latin into
Polish, converting from specialist to lay diction or explaining the way institutional conventions are applied in the document.
Providing expertise and implicit reassurance in the course of dialogic interaction facilitates successful recovery. The
conclusions from this exploratory analysis are hoped to increase the awareness of the parties involved of the function and
significance of the medical documentation genre in question.
H− production in hydrogen DC glow discharge
Authors: Lopaev D V , Mankelevich Yu A , Kropotkin A N , Voloshin D G , Rakhimova T V 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The H− ion dynamics in the positive column of H2 DC glow discharge was studied by the laser photodetachment technique in a wide range of pressure, 0.1–3 Torr, and current, 1–30 mA, which cover a range of E/N from ∼40 Td up to ∼170 Td. Using a partial modulation of the discharge current, it is shown that the H−concentration follows H atom dynamics due to a fast detachment reaction with the atoms; the higher the H density, the lower the H–/n
e ratio. The dynamics of H atom density during discharge modulation was measured by time-resolved actinometry on Ar atoms, while H2 vibrational temperature was estimated by comparing measured and simulated H2 VUV absorption spectra. The analysis of the experimental dependencies of H− and H/H2 on the discharge parameters allowed estimating the effective rate constant of H− production in the discharge as a function of the reduced electric field. For this discharge model, self-consistent state-to-state vibrational kinetics as well as H2 highly excited electronic states were developed. The main processes that contribute to H− production and loss are discussed in detail. Dissociative attachment to vibrationally excited H2(v) molecules is the main channel of H
–
production but occurs via the excitation of the well-known low-energy (
ϵ

th ≈ 3 eV) shape resonance of H2
−(X2Σu
+) only at low E/N. At high E/N, the H– production mostly occurs via the excitation of high-energy H2
− states, such as H2
–(B2Σg
+, A2Σg
+, C2Πu) and Feshbach resonances similar to H2
−(2Σg
+) Rydberg state.
Broadband achromatic transmission stealth cloak based on all dielectric metasurfaces
Authors: Li Yanling , Xu Jianfeng , Liu Fuhai , Xu Lizhen , Fang Bo , Li Chenxia 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The emergence of metasurface technology has brought innovation to the design of optical devices, and many optical devices based on metasurface have been proposed. However, the inherent dispersion of metasurface structures limits their ability to operate at wide frequencies. By changing the geometric parameters of the metasurface unit structure, the unit structure has achromatic properties on the basis of satisfying the phase gradient. Numerical simulation results demonstrate that the proposed multilayer transmissive metasurface stealth cloak has broadband stealth function in the frequency range of 0.7 to 0.77 THz. Achromatic broadband metasurface stealth devices provide new ideas for the design of broadband metasurface stealth devices, and also promote the research of other broadband metasurface optical devices.
Constraints on inflation with null energy condition violation from advanced LIGO and advanced Virgo's first three observing runs
Authors: Chen Zu-Cheng , Liu Lang 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The null energy condition (NEC) is a cornerstone of general relativity, and its violation could leave observable imprints in the cosmic gravitational wave spectrum. Theoretical models suggest that NEC violations during inflation can amplify the primordial tensor power spectrum, leading to distinct features in the stochastic gravitational wave background (SGWB). In this work, we search for these NEC-violating signatures in the SGWB using data from Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo's first three observing runs. Our analysis reveals no statistically significant evidence of such signals, allowing us to place stringent upper limits on the tensor power spectrum amplitude, P

T,2, during the second inflationary stage. Specifically, we find that P

T,2 ≲ 0.15 at a 95% confidence level. Notably, this upper limit is consistent with constraints derived from pulsar timing array observations, reinforcing the hypothesis that NEC violations during inflation could explain the signal detected by pulsar timing arrays. Our findings contribute to a deeper understanding of the early Universe and highlight the potential of current and future gravitational wave experiments in probing the physics of inflation and NEC violations.
Feasibility of using optical Cherenkov radiation for non-relativistic ion beam diagnostics
Authors: Đurnić B. , Potylitsyn A. , Bogdanov A. , Gogolev S. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
In this paper, we propose to use quasi-monochromatic Cherenkov spectral lines for ion beam diagnostics. As representatives of light and heavy ions, we use C12 and Au197 ions, respectively. First, using the Geant4 toolkit, we determine the ionization lost energy as a function of the radiator penetration depth. After that, we use those data in the polarization currents method to compare the theoretical spectral lines with and without ionization losses. We also use the real-beam polarization currents method to analyze real-beam and setup parameters affecting the accuracy of the beam diagnostics. We emphasize that the precision of refractive index measurement might be a source of inaccuracy in ion beam diagnostics. Nevertheless, according to the provided data, we can expect that the method for measuring Cherenkov quasi-monochromatic spectral lines should be applicable for beam-diagnostics purposes, especially for lighter ions.
Bionic design of thin-walled bilinear tubes with excellent crashworthiness inspired by glass sponge structures
Authors: Liu Yansong , Zou Meng , Qi Yingchun , Chen Lining , Wang Zhaoyang , Song Jiafeng , He Lianbin 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
In order to enhance energy absorption, this study draws inspiration from the diagonal bilinear robust square lattice structure found in deep-sea glass sponges, proposing a design for thin-walled structures with superior folding capabilities and high strength-to-weight ratio. Firstly, the crashworthiness of bionic glass sponge tube (BGSTO) is compared with that of equal-wall-thickness equal-mass four-X tube through both experiments and simulations, and it is obtained that the specific energy absorption of BGSTO is increased by 78.64%. And the crashworthiness of BGSTO is also most significant compared to that of multicellular tubes with the similar number of crystalline cells. Additionally, we found that the double-line spacing of the glass sponge can be freely adjusted without changing the material amount. Therefore, based on BGSTO, we designed two other double-line structures, BGSTA and BGSTB. Then with equal wall thickness and mass as a prerequisite, this study proceeds to design and compare the energy absorption properties of three bilinear thin-walled tubes in both axial and lateral cases. The deformation modes and crashworthiness of the three types of tubes with variable bilinear spacing (βO/A/B
) are comparatively analysed. The improved complex proportional assessment (COPRAS) synthesis decision is used to obtain that BGSTO exhibits superior crashworthiness over the remaining two kinds of tubes. Finally, a surrogate model is established to perform multi-objective optimization on the optimal bilinear configuration BGSTO selected by the COPRAS method.
Cytokine-induced killer cells-mediated chlorin e6-loaded gold nanostars for targeted NIR imaging and immuno-photodynamic combination therapy for lung cancer
Authors: Li Chenlu , Liu Zimei , Cheng Zhonghua , Gu Shuo , Zhao Weiyong , Zhang Qian , Feng Zhen 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Recently, cytokine-induced killer (CIK) cells have a broad application prospect in the comprehensive diagnosis and treatment of tumors owing to their unique characteristics of killing and targeting malignant tumors. Herein, we report a facile strategy for synthesis of monodisperse gold nanostars (GNSs) based on PEGylation and co-loaded with the photosensitizer chlorin e6 (Ce6) to form GNSs-PEG@Ce6 NPs. Then employing CIK cells loading the as-prepared GNSs-PEG@Ce6 NPs to fabricate a CIK cells-based drug delivery system (GNSs-PEG@Ce6-CIK) for lung cancer. Among them, GNSs was functioned as transport media, Ce6 acted as the near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence imaging agent and photodynamic therapy (PDT), and CIK cells served as targeting vectors for immunotherapy, which can increase the efficiency of tumor enrichment and treatment effect. The results of cellular experiments demonstrated that GNSs-PEG@Ce6 NPs had good dispersibility, water solubility and low toxicity under physiological conditions, and the cultured CIK cells had strong anti-tumor properties. Subsequently, GNSs-PEG@Ce6-CIK could effectively inhibit the growth of A549 cells under the exposure of 633 nm laser, which showed stronger killing effect than that of GNSs-PEG@Ce6 NPs or CIK cells. In addition, they showed good tumor targeting and tumor synergistic killing activity in vivo. Therefore, GNSs-PEG@Ce6-CIK was constructed for targeted NIR fluorescence imaging, enhanced PDT and immunotherapy of lung cancer.
The role of pore size and mechanical properties on the accumulation, retention and distribution of F98 glioblastoma cells in macroporous hydrogels
Authors: Delattre Lisa , Naasri Sahar , Solano Angela Giraldo , Therriault Hélène , Bergeron-Fortier Simon , Moreau Vaiana , Liberelle Benoît , Crescenzo Gregory De , Lauzon Marc-Antoine , Faucheux Nathalie , Paquette Benoit , Virgilio Nick 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) accounts for half of all central nervous system tumors. Once the tumor is removed, many GBM cells remain present near the surgical cavity and infiltrate the brain up to a distance of 20–30 mm, resulting in recurrence a few months later. GBM remains incurable due to the limited efficiency of current treatments, a result of the blood-brain barrier and sensitivity of healthy brain tissues to chemotherapy and radiation. A new therapeutic paradigm under development to treat GBM is to attract and accumulate GBM cells in a cancer cell trap inserted in the surgical cavity after tumor resection. In this work, porous gels were prepared using porous polylactide molds obtained from melt-processed co-continuous polymer blends of polystyrene and polylactide, with an average pore size ranging from 5 μm to over 500 μm. In order to efficiently accumulate and retain GBM brain cancer cells within a macroporous sodium alginate-based hydrogel trap, the pores must have an average diameter superior to 100 μm, with the best results obtained at 225 μm. In that case, the accumulation and retention of F98 GBM cells were more homogeneous, especially when functionalized with RGD adhesion peptides. At an alginate concentration of 1% w/v, the compression modulus reaches 15 kPa, close to the average value of 1–2 kPa reported for brain tissues, while adhesion and retention were also superior compared to 2% w/v gels. Overall, 1% w/v gels with 225 μm pores functionalized with the RGD peptide display the best performances.
Assessing the role of socio-economic factors in shaping the temperature-mortality exposure-response relationship in China
Authors: Shang Jing , Sun Zhaobin , Zhang Xiya , Liu Haimeng , Miao Shiguang , Sulaymon Ishaq Dimeji 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Non-optimal temperatures significantly influence public health. However, the role of socio-economic factors in modulating health risks associated with non-optimal temperatures varies geographically and among different populations. Thus, the meteorological, air quality, health data, and socio-economic indicators were obtained from 23 districts in North and 48 districts in East China, respectively. Employing a two-stage meta-analysis, the exposure-response relationship was constructed for temperature against mortality from non-accidental causes, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, and respiratory illnesses. Furthermore, a non-linear spline regression was applied to assess the impact of socio-economic indicators on the exposure-response relationship and predicted future risks under various Shared Socioeconomic Pathways. The results revealed that the influence of socio-economic factors on the exposure-response curve showed heterogeneity in East China and North China. In North China, the shape of the exposure-response curve changed greatly under different socio-economic levels, while it remained similar in East China. In East China, the relative risk of heat and cold exposure was reduced in regions with high GDP, high levels of public finance, good medical services, and a low proportion of the elderly population. Specifically, the risk of non-accidental deaths due to heat shows a nearly linear negative correlation with per capita GDP in East China, with a decrease of the relative risk by 0.075 for every 10 thousand yuan increase in per capita GDP. Future projections indicate that population aging plays a decisive role in shaping the exposure-response curves. Although economic growth can reduce the risk of heat-related mortality, the combined effect of population aging and economic increase results in steeper exposure-response curves in both hot and cold temperature ranges in the future. In conclusion, although spatial variations in relative risk changes still exist, enhancing the adaptive capacity of populations can mitigate health risks associated with future climate change.
Can government environmental auditing and fiscal transparency promote the green development of heavy-polluting firms?
Authors: Wang Hongxia , Tang Ziru , Zhang Zenglian , Deng Wenyueyang 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Corporate green development (GD) is critical for realizing China’s double carbon targets, and government environmental auditing is an essential path for supervising the GD behavior of enterprises. However, the effect of government environmental auditing on corporate GD has not been thoroughly investigated, particularly through the path of improving fiscal transparency. This study takes Chinese A-share listed companies in heavily polluting industries from 2011 to 2022 as the sample and uses statistical models to empirically test the effects. The results indicate that government environmental auditing can significantly facilitate corporate GD by improving fiscal transparency. Government auditing functions to checking and preventing environmental pollution issues can promote enterprises’ GD. The function of preventing pollution issues has the most substantial promotion effect. The analysis of regional heterogeneity indicates that government environmental auditing in the western region has the strongest effect. The conclusion of this study provides theoretical support and guidance for strengthening government environmental auditing, improving government fiscal transparency, and promoting the GD of enterprises.
Exploring the influence of stacking sequence on the mechanical properties of flax-ramie bi-quadratic layered hybrid epoxy composites
Authors: Tarun Dittakavi , Ganesan G , Sundar K Syam 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Over the past two decades, there has been a remarkable surge in the utilization of composites, with fiber-reinforced polymer composites gaining significant traction owing to their commendable structural performance. Concurrently, extensive research has been conducted to assess the behavior of composite materials, focusing on various parameters such as fiber type, lamination order, matrix type, and the inclusion of filler materials. In this study, we investigated the mechanical properties of flax (F)/ramie (R) epoxy hybrid composites, specifically exploring the effects of different lamination sequences. Four distinct lamination sequences were chosen: FFRR, FRFR, FRRF, and RFFR. The composites were fabricated using compression molding techniques, adhering to ASTM standards for the evaluation of mechanical properties including tensile strength, flexural strength, impact strength, and interlaminar shear strength. Among the laminate sequences studied, FRFR exhibited the lowest void content at 4.76%, while RFFR composites showed the highest void content at 16.67%. The most favorable results were observed with FRFR composites, boasting a tensile strength of 77.06 MPa, impact strength of 13.36 kJ m−2, and interlaminar shear strength of 8.13 MPa. Notably, the FFRR composite exhibited the highest flexural strength at 118.09 MPa. Additionally, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis was conducted to investigate surface morphology and identify reasons for failure.