bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
On the norm convergence of non-conventional ergodic averages
Authors: AUSTIN TIM 
Published: June 2009

AbstractWe offer a proof of the following non-conventional ergodic theorem: IfTi:ℤr↷(X,Σ,μ) fori=1,2,…,dare commuting probability-preserving ℤr-actions, (IN)N≥1is a Følner sequence of subsets of ℤr, (aN)N≥1is a base-point sequence in ℤrandf1,f2,…,fd∈L∞(μ) then the non-conventional ergodic averagesconverge to some limit inL2(μ) that does not depend on the choice of (aN)N≥1or (IN)N≥1. The leading case of this result, withr=1 and the standard sequence of averaging sets, was first proved by Tao, following earlier analyses of various more special cases and related results by Conze and Lesigne, Furstenberg and Weiss, Zhang, Host and Kra, Frantzikinakis and Kra and Ziegler. While Tao’s proof rests on a conversion to a finitary problem, we invoke only techniques from classical ergodic theory, so giving a new proof of his result.
Complexity and cohomology for cut-and-projection tilings
Authors: JULIEN ANTOINE 
Published: June 2009

AbstractWe consider a subclass of tilings: the tilings obtained by cut-and-projection. Under somewhat standard assumptions, we show that the natural complexity function has polynomial growth. We compute its exponentαin terms of the ranks of certain groups which appear in the construction. We give bounds forα. These computations apply to some well-known tilings, such as the octagonal tilings, or tilings associated with billiard sequences. A link is made between the exponent of the complexity, and the fact that the cohomology of the associated tiling space is finitely generated over ℚ. We show that such a link cannot be established for more general tilings, and we present a counterexample in dimension one.
Ruelle operator theorem for non-expansive systems
Authors: JIANG YUNPING , YE YUAN-LING 
Published: June 2009

AbstractThe Ruelle operator theorem has been studied extensively both in dynamical systems and iterated function systems. In this paper we study the Ruelle operator theorem for non-expansive systems. Our theorems give some sufficient conditions for the Ruelle operator theorem to be held for a non-expansive system.
An extension of the ergodic closing lemma
Authors: HAYASHI SHUHEI 
Published: June 2009

AbstractAn extended version of the ergodic closing lemma of Mañé is proved. As an application, we show that, C1 densely in the complement of the closure of Morse–Smale diffeomorphisms and those with a homoclinic tangency, there exists a weakly hyperbolic structure (dominated splittings with average hyperbolicity at almost every point on hyperbolic parts, and one-dimensional center direction when zero Lyapunov exponents are involved) over the supports of all non-atomic ergodic measures. As another application, we prove an approximation theorem, which claims that approximating the Lyapunov exponents of any non-atomic ergodic measure by those of an atomic ergodic measure by a C1 small perturbation is possible.
Morse and Lyapunov spectra and dynamics on flag bundles
Authors: SAN MARTIN LUIZ A. B. , SECO LUCAS 
Published: June 2009

AbstractIn this paper we study characteristic exponents of flows in relation with the dynamics of flows on flag bundles. The starting point is a flow on a principal bundle with semi-simple group G. Projection against the Iwasawa decomposition G=KAN defines an additive cocycle over the flow with values in 𝔞=log A. Its Lyapunov exponents (limits along trajectories) and Morse exponents (limits along chains) are studied. A symmetric property of these spectral sets is proved, namely invariance under the Weyl group. We also prove that these sets are located in certain Weyl chambers, defined from the dynamics on the associated flag bundles. As a special case linear flows on vector bundles are considered.
Real analyticity of Hausdorff dimension for expanding rational semigroups
Authors: SUMI HIROKI , URBAŃSKI MARIUSZ 
Published: June 2009

AbstractWe consider the dynamics of expanding semigroups generated by finitely many rational maps on the Riemann sphere. We show that for an analytic family of such semigroups, the Bowen parameter function is real-analytic and plurisubharmonic. Combining this with a result obtained by the first author, we show that if each semigroup of such an analytic family of expanding semigroups satisfies the open set condition, then the Hausdorff dimension of the Julia set is a real-analytic and plurisubharmonic function of the parameter. Moreover, we provide an extensive collection of examples of analytic families of semigroups satisfying all of the above conditions and we analyze in detail the corresponding Bowen’s parameters and Hausdorff dimension function.
Multiple polynomial correlation sequences and nilsequences
Authors: LEIBMAN A. 
Published: June 2009

AbstractA basic nilsequence is a sequence of the form ψ(n)=f(Tnx), where x is a point of a compact nilmanifold X, T is a translation on X, and f∈C(X); a nilsequence is a uniform limit of basic nilsequences. Let X=G/Γ be a compact nilmanifold, Y be a subnilmanifold of X, g(n) be a polynomial sequence in G, and f∈C(X); we show that the sequence ∫ g(n)Yf, n∈ℤ, is the sum of a basic nilsequence and a sequence that converges to zero in uniform density. This implies that, given an ergodic invertible measure-preserving system (W,ℬ,μ,T), with μ(W)<∞, polynomials p1,…,pk∈ℤ[n], and sets A1,…,Ak∈ℬ, the sequence μ(Tp1(n)A1∩⋯∩Tpk(n)Ak) is the sum of a nilsequence and a sequence that converges to zero in uniform density. We also obtain a version of this result for the case where pi are polynomials in several variables.
Successful use of intravenous amiodarone in a child with combined postoperative junctional and ectopic tachycardias
Authors: Karacan Mehmet , Olgun Haşim , Becit Necip 
Published: June 2009

AbstractEarly postoperative arrhythmias are a known complication of cardiac surgery. It is unusual, however, to encounter postoperative junctional and ectopic atrial tachycardias in the same patient. We describe our experience with a 2-year-old girl who suffered both these tachycardias after repair of a ventricular septal defect, the abnormal rhythms being controlled solely with intravenous administration of amiodarone.
BMI centile curves for Japanese children aged 5–17 years in 2000–2005
Authors: Sakamoto Naoko , Yang Limin 
Published: June 2009

AbstractObjectivesTo examine changes in the age-specific prevalence of overweight and obesity in Japanese children between 2000 and 2005 and compare Japanese centile curves with international ones.DesignA large, Japanese, representative cross-sectional growth study.SettingJapan.SubjectsJapanese children aged 5–17 years, including 669 986 subjects in 2000, 670 143 in 2001, 668 760 in 2002, 670 785 in 2003, 669 120 in 2004 and 668 234 in 2005.Main outcome measureBMI (weight/height2).ResultsThe prevalence of overweight and obesity in children aged 5–17 years decreased from 2000 to 2005 in both males and females, according to the definitions of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the International Obesity Taskforce. For each year, the centile curves were drawn so that at age 17 years they passed through respectively 24·46 kg/m2 and 24·70 kg/m2 for males, and 29·41 kg/m2 and 29·69 kg/m2 for females, which are the BMI values at age 17 years from the international reference curves.ConclusionsThe study results indicate that centile curves can change according to the time of observation, thus suggesting that international reference curves therefore need to be regularly revised while including more data from a larger range of countries.
Overweight in dogs, but not in cats, is related to overweight in their owners
Authors: Nijland Marieke L , Stam Frank , Seidell Jacob C 
Published: June 2009

AbstractObjectiveTo quantify the environmental component of aetiology of overweight and obesity by examining the relationship between the degree of overweight in dogs and cats and the degree of overweight in their owners.DesignCross-sectional study. Main outcome measures of the owners were weight, height (stature) and BMI. Of the animals, weight and divergence from ideal weight were measured by a veterinarian.SettingThree veterinary clinics in Amsterdam, The Netherlands.SubjectsDogs and cats, together with their owners, who visited the veterinary clinic. Dogs and cats had to be older than 1 year, and their owners had to be at least 21 years old. After exclusion, there remained forty-seven pairs of dogs and their owners and thirty-six pairs of cats and their owners.ResultsWe found a significant relationship between the degree of overweight of dogs and the BMI of their owners (r = 0·31). Correction for length of ownership, gender and age of the animal, and gender, age, education level and activity score of the owner did not materially affect this relationship. However, after correction for the amount of time the dog was being walked each day, this relationship disappeared. No significant relationship was found between the degree of overweight of cats and the BMI of their owners.ConclusionsThe degree to which dogs are overweight is, in contrast to the degree to which cats are overweight, related to the BMI of their owners.
Diet quality of a population sample from coastal north-east Spain evaluated by a Mediterranean adaptation of the Diet Quality Index (DQI)
Authors: Bondia-Pons Isabel , Mayneris-Perxachs Jordi , Serra-Majem Lluís , Castellote Ana I , Mariné Abel , López-Sabater M Carmen 
Published: June 2009

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the adherence to the Mediterranean dietary pattern in the population from a coastal region from north-east Spain and its relationship to diseases, applying the Mediterranean Diet Quality Index (M-DQI) validated by the use of several biomarkers.DesignCross-sectional nutrition survey.SettingPopulation-based random sample derived from the Catalan Nutrition Survey.SubjectsA total of 621 healthy adults.ResultsThe Catalan representative sample presented a mean M-DQI score of 6·6 (sd2·3, median 7, range 0–14). The percentage of adherence to the Mediterranean diet was 53 %; 10 % of subjects showed high adherence to the Mediterranean diet, while only 2 % were categorized as poorest adherence. The plasma fatty acid profile of the Catalan sample progressed with perfect regularity throughout the index ranges. Both EPA and DHA presented a significant correlation to the M-DQI (r= −0·410 for EPA and −0·360 for DHA). A significant increase in palmitic, oleic and α-linolenic acids and a significant decrease in stearic, linoleic and arachidonic acids content were also observed. The mean values for the M-DQI according to the clinical characteristics of the Catalan sample were also calculated.ConclusionsThe M-DQI has been demonstrated a suitable tool for assessment of an individual’s nutritional status according to the Mediterranean dietary pattern and for clinical purposes. Although the current diet followed in Catalonia seems to agree with the main characteristics of the Mediterranean diet, the promotion of the Mediterranean pattern should be reinforced in the Catalan population, especially among young people.
The commercial marketing of healthy lifestyles to address the global child and adolescent obesity pandemic: prospects, pitfalls and priorities
Authors: Kraak Vivica I , Kumanyika Shiriki K , Story Mary 
Published: June 2009

AbstractPublic- and private-sector initiatives to promote healthy eating and physical activity, called ‘healthy lifestyles’, are a relatively recent response to the global obesity pandemic. The present paper explores different views about marketing healthy lifestyles with a special emphasis on private-sector initiatives and public–private partnerships designed to reach young people. We discuss aspects of these initiatives and partnerships from three perspectives: (i) the potential for commercial marketing practices to have a favourable influence on reversing global obesity trends (termed prospects); (ii) unresolved dilemmas and challenges that may hinder progress (termed pitfalls); and (iii) the implementation and evaluation of coordinated and systematic actions (termed priorities) that may increase the likelihood that commercially marketed healthy-lifestyle initiatives and public–private partnerships can make a positive contribution to reverse the rise in overweight and obesity among young people globally.
Diet quality, nutrition and physical activity among adolescents: the Web-SPAN (Web-Survey of Physical Activity and Nutrition) project
Authors: Storey Kate E , Forbes Laura E , Fraser Shawn N , Spence John C , Plotnikoff Ronald C , Raine Kim D , Hanning Rhona M , McCargar Linda J 
Published: June 2009

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the overall diet quality of a sample of adolescents living in Alberta, Canada, and evaluate whether diet quality, nutrient intakes, meal behaviours (i.e. meal skipping and consuming meals away from home) and physical activity are related.DesignA cross-sectional study design. Students completed the self-administered Web-Survey of Physical Activity and Nutrition (Web-SPAN). Students were classified as having poor, average or superior diet quality based on Canada’s Food Guide to Healthy Eating (CFGHE).SettingOne hundred and thirty-six schools (37 %) within forty-four public and private school boards (75 %) in Alberta, Canada.SubjectsGrade 7 to 10 Alberta students (n4936) participated in the school-based research.ResultsOn average, students met macronutrient requirements; however, micronutrient and fibre intakes were suboptimal. Median CFGHE food group intakes were below recommendations. Those with poor diet quality (42 %) had lower intakes of protein, fibre and low-calorie beverages; higher intakes of carbohydrates, fat and Other Foods (e.g. foods containing mostly sugar, high-salt/fat foods, high-calorie beverages, low-calorie beverages and high-sugar/fat foods); a lower frequency of consuming breakfast and a higher frequency of consuming meals away from home; and a lower level of physical activity when compared with students with either average or superior diet quality.ConclusionsAlberta adolescents were not meeting minimum CFGHE recommendations, and thus had suboptimal intakes and poor diet quality. Suboptimal nutritional intakes, meal behaviours and physical inactivity were all related to poor diet quality and reflect the need to target these health behaviours in order to improve diet quality and overall health and wellness.
Delivering bad news: a vital skill for professionals involved in breast cancer care
Authors: Linver M. N. 
Published: June 2009

AbstractDelivering bad news to patients being evaluated for and diagnosed with breast cancer requires a unique blend of medical knowledge, compassion, and sensitivity. Although many of the techniques involved are intuitive, one can enhance these skills by incorporating a few simple concepts into the patient encounter. By combining these with an understanding of appropriate responses to possible patient reactions to the news, one can create a more effective groundwork for the patient’s recovery on both physical and emotional levels.
Cryopreserved blastocysts have a lower implantation but an equal live birth rate as compared to fresh blastocysts of the same quality – a case–control study
Authors: SHEBL OMAR , EBNER THOMAS , SOMMERGRUBER MICHAEL , SIR ANDREAS , TEWS GERNOT 
Published: June 2009

AbstractThe purpose of this case–control study was to compare implantation, pregnancy, and live birth rate of cryopreserved embryos with that of fresh embryos. A total of 1,488 assisted reproductive technology (ART) trials including 188 cryopreserved embryo replacement trials were reviewed. After proofing the exclusion criteria, 112 patients undergoing a cryopreserved embryo replacement (study group) were matched with 112 patients undergoing a fresh embryo transfer (control group). Matching was done for age of patients, number, and quality of embryos (Day 5 embryos). Data concerning maternal characteristics, survival rate of warming procedure, implantation, pregnancy, ongoing pregnancy, and live birth rates were collected. A lower implantation rate was found for cryopreserved embryo replacement compared to transferring fresh embryos. Live birth rate was found to be equal in both groups.
Pindel: a pattern growth approach to detect break points of large deletions and medium sized insertions from paired-end short reads
Authors: Ye Kai , Schulz Marcel H. , Long Quan , Apweiler Rolf , Ning Zemin 
Published: June 2009

Abstract
Motivation: There is a strong demand in the genomic community to develop effective algorithms to reliably identify genomic variants. Indel detection using next-gen data is difficult and identification of long structural variations is extremely challenging.
Results: We present Pindel, a pattern growth approach, to detect breakpoints of large deletions and medium-sized insertions from paired-end short reads. We use both simulated reads and real data to demonstrate the efficiency of the computer program and accuracy of the results.
Availability: The binary code and a short user manual can be freely downloaded from http://www.ebi.ac.uk/∼kye/pindel/.
Contact: k.ye@lumc.nl; zn1@sanger.ac.uk
Long-term seasonal and spatial patterns in mortality and survival of Calanus finmarchicus across the Atlantic Zone Monitoring Programme region, Northwest Atlantic
Authors: Plourde Stéphane , Pepin Pierre , Head Erica J. H. 
Published: June 2009

Abstract
Plourde, S., Pepin, P., and Head, E. J. H. 2009. Long-term seasonal and spatial patterns in mortality and survival of Calanus finmarchicus across the Atlantic Zone Monitoring Programme region, Northwest Atlantic. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 66: 1942–1958. The vertical life table method was used to estimate stage-specific daily mortality rates and survival from 1999 to 2006 for Calanus finmarchicus sampled in the Canadian Atlantic Zone Monitoring Programme, which covers the Newfoundland–Labrador Shelf (NLS), Gulf of St Lawrence (GSL), and Scotian Shelf (SS). Stage-specific mortality rates and survival showed significant regional and seasonal differences, with the largest signal associated with variations in temperature. Density-dependent mortality, associated with the abundance of C6 females, was the main factor influencing mortality in the egg–C1 transition during the period of population growth in spring on the SS, and in summer in the GSL and on the NLS. In autumn, mortality in egg–C1 was positively related to temperature and negatively related to phytoplankton biomass, with particularly high mortality rates on the SS. The integration of our results into stage-specific recruitment rates from egg to C5 revealed that C. finmarchicus populations experience their greatest loss (mortality) during the egg–C1 transition. Loss during development to C1 was greater in the GSL than in the other regions during the period of population growth, resulting in lower recruitment success in the GSL. In autumn, C. finmarchicus showed low stage-specific daily recruitment rates on the SS at high temperatures, and low phytoplankton biomass compared with those in the GSL and on the NLS. Our findings reinforce the necessity of describing regional and seasonal patterns in mortality and survival to understand factors controlling the population dynamics of C. finmarchicus.
Variability in the relationship between sea scallop shell height and meat weight
Authors: Rothschild Brian J. , Adams Charles F. , Sarro Christopher L. , Stokesbury Kevin D. E. 
Published: June 2009

Abstract
Rothschild, B. J., Adams, C. F., Sarro, C. L., and Stokesbury, K. D. E. 2009. Variability in the relationship between sea scallop shell height and meat weight. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 66: 1972–1977. We investigated the spatial and temporal variability in the relationship between shell height and meat weight (SHMW) of the sea scallop (Placopecten magellanicus) from Georges Bank (GB) and the mid-Atlantic. Data for the study were collected collaboratively during normal commercial fishing operations. A one-way random-effects ANOVA revealed that 19–44% of the variance in MW was at the batch level. A linear mixed-effects model was used to explain the variability in SHMW regression equations across batches. There was a significant effect of month and year on the SHMW relationship for GB from June through December, and a significant effect of area and year on the SHMW relationship for the mid-Atlantic from January through May. The SHMW relationships presented reflect those of the fishery year-round rather than an estimate of the biological population at a specific point in time. Failure to include intra-annual, interannual, and regional variations in the SHMW could result in continually over- or underestimating the allowable catch in areas open to fishing for short periods. The techniques used are applicable to length–weight studies in general.
Recruitment forecasting using indices of young-of-the-year Pacific herring (Clupea pallasi) abundance in the Strait of Georgia (BC)
Authors: Schweigert Jacob F. , Hay Douglas E. , Therriault Thomas W. , Thompson Matthew , Haegele Carl W. 
Published: June 2009

Abstract
Schweigert, J. F., Hay, D. E., Therriault, T. W., Thompson, M., and Haegele, C. W. 2009. Recruitment forecasting using indices of young-of-the-year Pacific herring (Clupea pallasi) abundance in the Strait of Georgia (BC). – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 66: 1681–1687. Within the Strait of Georgia (BC, Canada), recruitment of Pacific herring (Clupea pallasi) to the spawning stock at age 3 can be highly variable, and this component may compose a major portion of the spawning-stock biomass. Therefore, a reliable method of forecasting recruitment strength would be useful for determining total allowable catches for the fishery. We developed an empirical approach to forecasting recruitment from young-of-the-year (YOY) surveys using purse-seine sampling in late September and evaluate its predictive capability for estimating the relative size of a year class before it enters the fishery. For each year, we compared YOY catches-by-weight with the number of age-3 recruits derived from subsequent catch-at-age analyses. The relationship is positive but not statistically significant because of considerable annual variation in the estimates. However, it is worth noting that in years when YOY herring were least abundant, the resulting cohort also was low. Consequently, although the relationship may not be sufficiently precise for accurate recruitment forecasting, it can be used by fishery management for the qualitative evaluation of the likelihood of strong or weak returns in future seasons when setting quotas for the fishery.
Nitrogen Fertilizer Affects the Severity of Anthracnose Crown Rot Disease of Greenhouse Grown Strawberries
Authors: Smith Barbara J. 
Published: June 2009

The influence of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium on the severity of anthracnose crown rot was evaluated in three greenhouse studies. Strawberry plants were fertilized three times weekly with a modified Hoagland's Nutrient Solution containing the treatments and inoculated eight weeks after treatment applications began with a conidial suspension of the causal pathogen, Colletotrichum fragariae. Disease severity was rated 30 days later on a scale of 0 (no symptoms) to 6 (plant dead). In the first study, the effect of N, P, and K levels was evaluated using 16 treatments: eight N levels with either low P and K or high P and K. Disease severity ratings and percent foliar N increased as N level increased but were not influenced by the level of P and K. In two other experiments, seven N sources were each evaluated at three levels. Plants receiving 160 ppm N had higher disease severity ratings than plants receiving 0 or 40 ppm N. Among plants receiving 160 ppm N, those treated with Ca(NO3)2 had the least disease. When N fertilizer is applied to strawberry plants as Ca(NO3)2, anthracnose crown rot severity should be less severe than when N is applied in ammonium forms. Accepted for publication 13 April 2009. Published 9 June 2009.