bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Averaging forecasts from VARs with uncertain instabilities
Authors: Clark Todd E. , McCracken Michael W. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractRecent work suggests VAR models of output, inflation, and interest rates may be prone to instabilities. In the face of such instabilities, a variety of estimation or forecasting methods might be used to improve the accuracy of forecasts from a VAR. The uncertainty inherent in any single representation of instability could mean that combining forecasts from a range of approaches will improve forecast accuracy. Focusing on models of US output, prices, and interest rates, this paper examines the effectiveness of combining various models of instability in improving VAR forecasts made with real‐time data. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Barrier heights for H‐atom abstraction by HȮ2 from n‐butanol—A simple yet exacting test for model chemistries?
Authors: Black Gráinne , Simmie John M. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractThe barrier heights involved in the abstraction of a hydrogen atom from n‐butanol by the hydroperoxyl radical have been computed with both compound (CBS‐QB3, CBS‐APNO, G3) and coupled cluster methods. In particular, the benchmark computations CCSD(T)/cc‐pVTZ//MP2/6‐311G(d,p) were used to determine that the barrier heights increase in the order α <γ < β < δ < OH. Two prereaction hydrogen‐bonded complexes are formed, one of which connects the TGt conformer of n‐butanol to the α and β transition states and the other connects to the γ and OH channels from the TGg conformer. Four postreaction complexes were also found which link the transition states to the products, hydrogen peroxide + C4H9O radical. Abstraction from the terminal δ carbon atom does not involve either a pre or postreaction complex. A number of DFT functionals—B3LYP, BMK, MPWB1K, BB1K, MPW1K, and M05‐2X—were tested to see whether the correct ranking could be obtained with computationally less expensive methods. Only the later functional predicts the correct order but requires a basis set of 6‐311++G(df,pd) to achieve this. However, the absolute values obtained do not agree that well with the benchmarks; the composite G3 method predicts the correct order and comes closest (≤ 2 kJ, mol −1) in absolute numerical terms for H‐abstraction from carbon. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Chem, 2010
Ab initio prediction of the structure and vibration‐rotation spectroscopic properties of Na2OH and K2OH
Authors: Gertych Artur , Koput Jacek 
Published: October 2009

AbstractThe equilibrium structures and potential energy surfaces of the Na2OH and K2OH radicals and the corresponding cations in their electronic ground states have been determined from accurate ab initio calculations. The vibration‐rotation energy levels and spectroscopic constants of various isotopic species were calculated by a perturbational approach. The predicted spectroscopic constants may serve as a useful guide for detecting these species by vibration‐rotation spectroscopy and for assigning their spectra. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Chem, 2010
Cigarettes labeled with [11C]nicotine: formulation and administration for PET inhalation
Authors: Apana S. M. , Berridge M. S. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractThe ultimate goal of this work was to relate nicotine kinetics in the brain after cigarette smoking to a feature of sensitization in drug addiction. To do this required a positron emission tomography study to measure the regional cerebral biodistribution kinetics of cigarette‐smoked nicotine. This in turn required a cigarette formulated with carbon‐11 labeled nicotine suitable for administration by single bolus inhalation. Here we report the development and validation of cigarettes formulated with [11C]nicotine that were successfully used for single bolus administration by smoking. We also report measurements of nicotine delivery from smoked cigarettes. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
ESI‐MS studies of palladium (II) complexes with 1‐(p‐toluenesulfonyl)cytosine/cytosinato ligands
Authors: Kobetić Renata , Gembarovski Dubravka , Višnjevac Aleksandar , Žinić Biserka , Gabelica‐Marković Vesna 
Published: October 2009

AbstractThe mononuclear complex Pd(1‐TosC‐N3)2Cl2 (2) containing 1‐(p‐toluenesulfonyl)cytosine (1) as a ligand, as well as dinuclear complexes Pd2(1‐TosC−‐N3,N4)4 (3) and Pd2(1‐TosC−‐N3,N4)2DMSO2Cl2 (4) containing the ligand anion (1‐TosC−), was mass analyzed by electrospray ionization ion trap MS/MS and high resolution MS. Complexes 3 and 4 were obtained by recrystallization of 2 from DMF and DMSO, respectively. The behavior of complex 2 in different solutions was monitored by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI‐MS). Under the applied ESI‐MS conditions, complex 2 in methanol reorganized itself dominantly as new complex 3 and the solvent did not coordinate the formed species. In H2O/DMSO, CH3CN/DMSO and CH3OH/DMSO solutions, complex 2 formed several new species with solvent molecules involved in their structure, e.g. complex 4 was formed as the major product. The newly formed species were also examined by LC‐MS‐DAD, confirming the solvent induced reorganization and the solution instability of complex 2. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Influence of the HCV subtype on the virological response to pegylated interferon and ribavirin therapy
Authors: Legrand‐Abravanel Florence , Colson Philippe , Leguillou‐Guillemette Hélène , Alric Laurent , Ravaux Isabelle , Lunel‐Fabiani Françoise , Bouviers‐Alias Magali , Trimoulet Pascale , Chaix Marie Laure , Hézode Christophe , Foucher Juliette , Fontaine Hélène , Roque‐Afonso Anne‐Marie , Gassin Michèle , Schvoerer Evelyne , Gaudy Catherine , Roche Bruno , Doffoël Michel , D'Alteroche Louis , Vallet Sophie , Baazia Yazid , Pozzetto Bruno , Thibault Vincent , Nousbaum Jean‐Baptiste , Roulot Dominique , Coppere Henry , Poinard Thierry , Payan Christopher , Izopet Jacques 
Published: October 2009

AbstractThe hepatitis C virus genotype is considered to be the most important baseline predictor of a sustained virological response in patients with chronic hepatitis C treated with pegylated interferon and ribavirin. The influence of the subtype on the sustained virological response was investigated in patients infected with genotypes 1, 4, 5, or 6. This study was done on 597 patients with chronic hepatitis C who were given pegylated interferon and ribavirin for 48 weeks. The overall rate of sustained virological response in the 597 patients was 37.8%. Univariate analysis indicated that the sustained virological response of patients infected with subtype 1b (39%) tended to be higher than that of patients infected with subtype 1a (30.6%; P = 0.06) and it was similar to those patients infected with subtypes 4a (51.3%; P = 0.12) or 4d (51.7%; P = 0.16). Multivariate analysis indicated that five factors were independently associated with sustained virological response: the age (OR 0.97; 95% CI = 0.95–0.99), absence of cirrhosis (OR: 2.92; 95% CI = 1.7–5.0; P < 0.01), absence of HIV co‐infection (OR: 2.08; 95% CI = 1.2–3.5; P < 0.01), low baseline plasma HCV RNA concentration (OR: 1.74; 95% CI = 1.2–2.6; P < 0.01), and the subtype 1b (OR: 1.61; 95% CI = 1.0–2.5; P = 0.04) or subtypes 4a and 4d (OR: 2.03; 95% CI = 1.1–3.8; P = 0.03). In conclusion, among difficult‐to‐treat genotypes, the subtype 1a is associated with a lower response to anti‐HCV therapy than subtypes 1b, 4a, and 4d. J. Med. Virol. 81:2029–2035, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Epidemiology of herpes zoster and its relationship to varicella in Japan: A 10‐year survey of 48,388 herpes zoster cases in Miyazaki prefecture
Authors: Toyama Nozomu , Shiraki Kimiyasu ,   and Members of the Society of the Miyazaki Prefecture Dermatologists
Published: October 2009

AbstractFrom 1997 to 2006, a total of 48,388 patients with herpes zoster, ranging from a 3‐month‐old girl to a 102‐year‐old woman, were monitored at the 46 dermatology clinics in the Miyazaki Prefecture, which has a population of about 1.2 million. The mean herpes zoster incidence was 4.15/1,000 person‐years, ranging from 1.96 to 7.84/1,000 person‐years among different age groups, and the herpes zoster incidence was significantly higher in females (4.58) than in males (3.67). The incidence by age group was 1.96–2.86/1,000 person‐years below the age of 50 years, and it increased to 5.23–7.84/1,000 person‐years in persons 50–59 and older, with a trough in the ages 30–39, forming the small and large peaks. Females showed a significantly higher incidence than males, and the difference between the sexes was small below age 40 but greater at 40–49, 50–59, and 60–69. The incidence of herpes zoster was highest in August and lowest in winter, mirroring the prevalence of varicella. The number of herpes zoster cases at 60 years and older increased more than in the population from 1997 to 2006, and this increased incidence of herpes zoster in the 60–69 years and older, especially in females, might have raised the rate in contrast to the stable incidence below the age of 60 years. This large‐scale survey clarifies the epidemiology of herpes zoster by age, gender, and season in relation to the prevalence of varicella in the Miyazaki Prefecture in Japan. J. Med. Virol. 81:2053–2058, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Viral causes of influenza‐like illness: Insight from a study during the winters 2004–2007
Authors: Puzelli Simona , Valdarchi Catia , Ciotti Marco , Dorrucci Maria , Farchi Francesca , Babakir‐Mina Muhammed , Perno Carlo Federico , Donatelli Isabella , Rezza Giovanni ,   for the Italian ARI Study Group
Published: October 2009

AbstractLimited information is available on the viral etiology of influenza‐like illness in southern European countries, and it is still a matter of debate whether certain symptoms can be used to distinguish among the specific viruses that cause influenza‐like illness. The main objective of the present study was to identify the demographic and clinical predictors of influenza‐like illness due to specific viral agents. The study, which was observational in design, was conducted in Rome and Naples, Italy. Cases of influenza‐like illness were defined as individuals with fever >37.5°C and at least one systemic and one respiratory symptom, recruited during the winters of 2004–2005, 2005–2006, and 2006–2007. Influenza and other respiratory viruses were identified using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR), performed on throat swabs. Basic individual information was collected using a standard form. A total of 580 persons were included in the analysis. Viral pathogens were identified in fewer than 50% of the cases. Overall, 240 viral agents were detected: 22.8% were positive for influenza viruses, 10.9% for adenoviruses, 6.0% for parainfluenza viruses, and 1.7% for respiratory syncytial virus. The month of diagnosis, and muscle and joint pain were associated with influenza virus, though the positive predictive value (PPV) was low. Abdominal pain was associated with adenovirus infection. Although the PPV of symptoms for influenza virus infection was low, especially in low activity periods, these findings may help clinicians to improve their ability to perform diagnoses. J. Med. Virol. 81:2066–2071, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Genetic characterization of G3 rotaviruses detected in Italian children in the years 1993–2005
Authors: De Grazia Simona , Martella Vito , Colomba Claudia , Cascio Antonio , Arista Serenella , Giammanco Giovanni M. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractIn recent years an apparent increase in the frequency of detection of G3P[8] rotaviruses has been observed worldwide. Similarly, in Italy G3P[8] strains have been detected sporadically and in a scattered fashion over 20 years, whereas in 2003 and 2005 G3P[8] rotavirus activity increased markedly. By analysis of the VP7, VP4, VP6, and NSP4 genes of a selection of G3P[8] rotaviruses detected between 1993 and 2005, a remarkable sequence conservation was observed in the VP7, VP4, and VP6 genes. By converse, after 2002 the Italian G3P[8] strains were found to possess unique mutations in significant regions of the NSP4 protein. J. Med. Virol. 81:2089–2095, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Comparison of the performance of rapid HIV tests using samples collected for surveillance in Mozambique
Authors: Melo Josefa , Nilsson Charlotta , Mondlane José , Osman Nafissa , Biberfeld Gunnel , Folgosa Elena , Andersson Sören 
Published: October 2009

AbstractMozambique had low HIV prevalence until the mid‐1990s, but recent data indicate increasing rates. There is little information on HIV‐2. Therefore, HIV seroprevalence was assessed among pregnant women and field‐ready HIV diagnostic strategies were evaluated. A total of 6,930 samples collected by three health centers from 2002 to 2005 were tested on site by nurses with two simple/rapid tests, Determine HIV‐1/2 (Abbott Laboratories; screening) and Uni‐Gold HIV (Trinity Biotech; confirmation), which is the national HIV testing strategy. The prevalence of HIV was 14.0% (2002), 17.8% (2003), 16.5% (2004), and 20.2% (2005). A subset of 888 samples collected 2003 was sent to the Central Microbiology Laboratory, Maputo for evaluation of tests and testing strategies. The assays included for comparison were Capillus HIV‐1/HIV‐2 (Trinity Biotech), DoubleCheckGold HIV‐1&2 (Orgenics) and Enzygnost Anti‐HIV‐1/2 Plus (Behringwerke, reference ELISA). Confirmation of reactive samples was done by Uni‐Gold HIV and ImmunoComb II HIV‐1&2 BiSpot (for HIV type differentiation). The Capillus HIV‐1/ HIV‐2 + ImmunoComb II HIV‐1&2 BiSpot combination was the gold standard. The sensitivity of the rapid/simple screening assays (Determine HIV‐1/2, DoubleCheckGold HIV‐1&2) was 100% (N = 160) and their (initial) specificities were 99.6% and 99.7%, respectively. Repeated testing and combinations of assays increased the specificity. Four suspected cases of recent seroconversion were found. Together with the increasing prevalence rates, this may indicate that Mozambique is a high‐incidence area, although further studies are needed to confirm this. Testing strategies for on‐site screening and confirmation based on the combination of Determine HIV‐1/2, Uni‐Gold HIV and DoubleCheckGold HIV‐1&2 are well suited for local field use. J. Med. Virol. 81:1991–1998, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Serum KL‐6 levels as a biomarker of lung injury in respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis
Authors: Kawasaki Yukihiko , Aoyagi Yoshimichi , Abe Yusaku , Go Hayato , Imamura Takashi , Kaneko Mari , Ito Masaki , Katayose Masahiko , Hashimoto Koichi , Hosoya Mitsuaki 
Published: October 2009

AbstractTo evaluate whether KL‐6 concentration is a useful biomarker of the severity of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) bronchiolitis, we determined KL‐6 concentrations in patients with RSV bronchiolitis with or without chronic heart disease (CHD). We enrolled 52 patients who had been diagnosed with RSV bronchiolitis and required admission to the hospital at the Department of Pediatrics of Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine from 2004 to 2005. These patients were divided into two groups: Group 1 consisted of patients without any underlying disease, and Group 2 consisted of patients with CHD. These patients were assigned to three categories. Stage A consisted of patients without oxygen dosage, stage B of patients who required oxygen dosage, and stage C of patients required artificial respiration. We evaluated baseline characteristics, clinical features, and serum KL‐6 concentration in Group 1, Group 2, and a control group (healthy infants without infection). Mean serum KL‐6 concentrations in patients with RSV bronchiolitis were higher than those in the control group (471.8 ± 236.9 and 127.1 ± 69.1 U/ml, respectively). Mean serum KL‐6 concentration was higher in Group 2 than in Group 1 (692.8 ± 313.1 and 390.4 ± 132.7 U/ml, respectively). Mean serum KL‐6 concentrations were higher in stage C than in stages A and B, and mean serum KL‐6 concentrations were higher in stage B than in stage A. These findings suggest that serum KL‐6 is associated with the severity of RSV bronchiolitis and that it may be a useful biomarker for the severity of RSV bronchiolitis. J. Med. Virol. 81:2104–2108, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
NS5AISDR‐V3region genetic variability of Tunisian HCV‐1b strains: Correlation with the response to the combined interferon/Ribavirin therapy
Authors: Bouzgarrou N. , Hassen E. , Mahfoudh W. , Gabbouj S. , Schvoerer E. , Yahia A. Ben , Mami N. Ben , Triki H. , Chouchane L. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractIn the non‐structural protein 5A (NS5A) of hepatitis C virus (HCV), mutations within the interferon sensitivity‐determining region (ISDR), the PKR‐binding domain (PKR‐BD), the variable region 3 (V3), and the interferon/ribavirin resistance‐determining region (IRRDR) have been correlated with the IFN‐based therapy response. In Tunisia, where a high prevalence of HCV‐1b has been found, no data regarding the implication of NS5A in treatment response were available. The current study examined the relationship between the pre‐treatment mutation number within ISDR, PKR‐BD, V3, IRRDR, as well as in the entire ISDR‐V3 region of NS5A (aa 2209–2379) and the response to the 48‐week course of combined IFNplusribavirin therapy in 15 HCV‐1b‐infected Tunisian patients. Referring to HCV‐J sequence, a significant high genetic variability was observed within PKR‐BD in the sustained virological responder patients compared to non‐responders (P = 0.040). More importantly, when considering the entire region from ISDR to V3, referred to as NS5AISDR‐V3, a clear difference in the mutation number was observed between sustained virological responders (19.6 ± 3.16) and non‐responders (15.0 ± 1.41) (P = 0.002). Additionally, a more detailed analysis of NS5AISDR‐V3region revealed an elevated degree of mutation rate within the region located between amino acids 2282 and 2308 (P = 0.0006). Interestingly, an analysis of specific amino acid variations defined proline and serine at position 2300 as signature patterns for sensitive and resistant strains, respectively. The genetic variability within the NS5A region of HCV‐1b strains was associated with the response to the combined IFNplusribavirin therapy in our Tunisian cohort. J. Med. Virol. 81:2021–2028, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Impacts of land cover data quality on regional climate simulations
Authors: Sertel Elif , Robock Alan , Ormeci Cankut 
Published: October 2009

AbstractThe land surface influences local, regional and global climate across many time scales. Accurate representation of land surfaces is an important factor for climate modelling studies because land surfaces control the partitioning of available energy and water. Here we introduce new, up‐to‐date and accurate land cover data for the Marmara Region, Turkey derived from Landsat Enhanced Thematic Mapper (ETM+) images into the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model. We used several image processing techniques to create accurate land cover data from Landsat sensor images obtained between 2001 and 2005. By comparing the new land cover data with the default WRF land cover data, we found that there are two types of error in WRF land cover data that caused misrepresentation of the study region. WRF uses Global Land Cover Characteristics (GLCC) data created from images acquired during 1992 and 1993 and it does not reflect current land cover. And the GLCC includes misclassifications. As a result of these errors, GLCC data do not represent urban areas in the cities of Istanbul, Izmit and Bursa and there are spectral mixing problems between classes, e.g. croplands, urban areas and forests. We used WRF land cover and our new land cover data to conduct numerical simulations. Using meteorological station data within the study area, we found that simulation with the new land cover dataset produces more accurate temperature simulations for the region, thus demonstrating the importance of accurate land cover data. Copyright © 2009 Royal Meteorological Society
Concentration and pH dependent SERS spectra of sulfanilic acid sodium salt on colloidal silver particles
Authors: Panicker C. Yohannan , Varghese Hema Tresa , Ushakumari L. , Mary Y. Sheena , Sarkar Jyotirmoy , Chowdhury Joydeep 
Published: October 2009

AbstractIR, Raman and surface‐enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) spectra of sulfanilic acid sodium salt (SANA) were recorded and analysed. The vibrational wavenumbers were computed by the density functional theory method using the B3LYP/6–31G* basis and found to be in good agreement with the experimental values. The effect of concentration and pH dependence on the SERS intensity of the molecule was also studied. The molecular plane assumes a tilted orientation with respect to the silver surface. The observed changes of the relative intensities of some enhanced bands and the presence of in‐plane and out‐of‐plane modes of the phenyl ring suggest that the molecule assumes a more tilted orientation upon lowering the concentration of the adsorbate. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A GC – magnetic sector MS method for identification and quantification of fatty acids in ewe milk by different acquisition modes
Authors: Devle Hanne , Rukke Elling‐Olav , Naess‐Andresen Carl Fredrik , Ekeberg Dag 
Published: October 2009

AbstractA general method for qualitative and quantitative determination of fatty acids (FAs) using GC‐MS was developed and tested on ewe milk. A total number of 38 poly unsaturated FAs, monounsaturated FAs and saturated FAs, from C6:0 to C24:1, were used in a comparative study of scan, reconstructed ion chromatogram and SIM. Fatty acid methyl esters in standard solutions as well as in milk from ewe were analyzed by these techniques, using a sector instrument. Instrument precision, linearity, LOD and LOQ, as well as calibration behavior and response factors were investigated for each approach. The quantitative results obtained by each technique were compared. All techniques had values for LOD and LOQ in the ng/mL region.
Capillary chromatography based on tube radial distribution of aqueous‐organic mixture carrier solvents: Introduction of inner‐wall‐modified capillary tubes
Authors: Jinno Naoya , Tsuji Katsuya , Shikatani Kaoru , Hashimoto Masahiko , Tsukagoshi Kazuhiko 
Published: October 2009

AbstractWe developed a novel capillary chromatography using an open capillary tube and a water‐hydrophilic/hydrophobic organic solvent mixture as a carrier solution. The capillary chromatography was called a tube radial distribution chromatography (TRDC) system. In this study we tried to introduce inner‐wall‐modified (e.g. phenylboronic‐acid‐ and iminodiacetic‐acid‐modified) fused‐silica capillary tubes to the TRDC system to separate model mixture analytes. The phenylboronic‐acid‐modified capillary tube was combined with absorption detection to analyze a mixture of adenosine and deoxyadenosine. The iminodiacetic‐acid‐modified capillary tube was combined with chemiluminescence detection using a luminol reaction to analyze a mixture of copper(II) and hematin. A water (carbonate buffer)/ACN/ethyl acetate (2:7:4 v/v/v) and a water (carbonate buffer)/ACN/ethyl acetate (15:3:2 v/v/v) mixture solution were used as carrier solutions in the TRDC system, and typical carbonate buffer solutions not containing any organic solvents were also used as carrier solutions as reference solutions. In both modified capillary tubes, the organic‐solvent‐rich carrier solution successfully improved the separation of the mixture analytes in the system, and the water‐rich carrier solution greatly depressed their separation, when compared with chromatography using carbonate buffer carrier solutions containing no organic solvents. Such observed phenomena were discussed considering the separation mechanism of the TRDC system.