bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative Study of Imprint Cytology and Frozen Section in the Intraoperative Diagnosis of Thyroid Lesions
Authors: Shaha Sukumar , Rahman AJE Nahar 
Published: July 2009

Imprint cytology can provide a useful adjunct to the frozen section diagnosis and may be used safely in the intraoperative diagnosis of thyroid nodules, especially in the centres where frozen section facilities are not available. This study was conducted to compare imprint cytology and frozen section in terms of diagnostic accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and to assess the value of imprint cytology in the intraoperative diagnosis of thyroid lesions. A total of 57 consecutive patients were enrolled in the study. All of the patients underwent frozen section in the department of pathology, BSMMU, Dhaka. Imprints were taken from the fresh specimen sent for frozen section from departments of otolaryngology and surgery of BSMMU. Imprint slides were stained with rapid H & E staining method. Then the tissues were submitted for frozen section by standard method. In this study, diagnostic accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of imprint cytology were 81.25%, 66.66%, 82.59%, 87.12% respectively. Frozen section revealed the diagnostic accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive as 88.46%, 72.72%, 100%, 100%, 83.33% respectively. Imprint cytology was found to be comparable with frozen section in diagnostic accuracy and sensitivity. Since imprint cytology is a simple and cost-effective procedure it can be used as an alternative to frozen section in hospitals where frozen section facilities are not available. Key Words: Imprint cytology, frozen section, intraoperative diagnosis of thyroid lesions doi: 10.3329/bjpath.v24i1.2876 Bangladesh J Pathol 24 (1) : 12-15
Magnetic resonance microscopy analysis of transport in a novel Tape‐Cast porous ceramic
Authors: Brosten Tyler R. , Codd Sarah L. , Romanenko Konstantin V. , Sofie Stephen W. , Seymour Joseph D. 
Published: July 2009

AbstractFreeze‐tape‐cast porous ceramics allow for tailored pore structures. The impact on transport dynamics of pore structures which vary as a function of spatial depth within a ceramic is an important consideration in designing pore structures for particular applications. In this article, the application of nuclear magnetic resonance microscopy and1H NMR techniques to characterize the transport in a novel tape‐cast ceramic is presented. © 2009 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2009
Techniques for visualization of cavern boundaries in opaque industrial mixing systems
Authors: Simmons M. J. H. , Edwards I. , Hall J. F. , Fan X. , Parker D. J. , Stitt E. H. 
Published: July 2009

AbstractIn the agitation of complex fluids, the avoidance of caverns is essential for successful blending. Electrical resistance tomography (ERT) and positron emission projection imaging, which can both image within opaque fluids, have been assessed for visualization of cavern boundaries. A vessel of diameter, T = 154 mm, equipped with a single 57 mm diameter six bladed 45° down pumping pitched blade disc turbine formed the test system. The fluid used was aqueous solution of carbopol 940. Both techniques were used to detect and image caverns at Re from 20–86.6 and compared with optical images. Reasonable agreement on the maximum cavern heights and widths were obtained, with the taller and narrower caverns obtained via 3D ERT measurements being attributed to artifacts of the method and interactions between the polymer and tracer. Caverns were also detectable using a robust linear ERT array, which has potential for use within industrial systems. © 2009 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2009
Killer immunoglobulin‐like receptor ligand HLA‐Bw4 protects against multiple sclerosis
Authors: Lorentzen Åslaug R. , Karlsen Tom H. , Olsson Marita , Smestad Cathrine , Mero Inger‐Lise , Woldseth Bente , Sun Ji‐Yao , Senitzer David , Celius Elisabeth G. , Thorsby Erik , Spurkland Anne , Lie Benedicte A. , Harbo Hanne F. 
Published: July 2009

AbstractObjectiveMultiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory disease affecting the central nervous system. A human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class II association is well established (DRB1*1501‐DQB1*0602), but more recently HLA class II–independent associations with HLA class I variants have also been reported. The HLA class I (HLA‐A, ‐B, ‐C) molecules serve as ligands for both T‐cell receptors and killer immunoglobulin‐like receptors (KIRs). We investigated the HLA class I alleles defined by their KIR binding motifs and the KIR genes to evaluate whether these genes could influence MS susceptibility or severity, alone or in combination.MethodsWe typed Norwegian MS patients (n = 631) and controls (n = 555) for HLA‐A, ‐B, ‐C and ‐DRB1 alleles as well as the presence or absence of genes encoding inhibitory (KIR2DL1, KIR2DL2, KIR2DL3, KIR2DL5, KIR3DL1, KIR3DL2, KIR3DL3) and activating (KIR2DS1, KIR2DS2, KIR2DS3, KIR2DL4, KIR2DS4, KIR2DS5, KIR3DS1) KIRs.ResultsThe frequency of the HLA‐Bw4 specificity, which is the ligand for the inhibitory KIR3DL1, was significantly reduced in MS patients as compared with controls (41.4% vs 55.1%, puncorrected (uc) = 4.6 × 10−6). Also after stratifying for known HLA class II associations, the HLA‐Bw4 association was seen (puc = 0.002). No significant differences in gene carrier frequencies of inhibitory and activating KIRs were observed. However, our data indicate that MS patients who carry the activating KIR2DS2 and the inhibitory KIR2DL2 genes have more severe disease than patients not carrying these genes.InterpretationCarriage of the ligand of the inhibitory KIR3DL1 receptor, HLA‐Bw4, was found to protect against MS in an HLA‐DRB1 independent manner. Ann Neurol 2009;65:658–666
Magnetic survey at Venta Icenorum, Caistor St Edmund: Survey strategies and initial results
Authors: Bescoby D. , Bowden W. , Chroston P. N. 
Published: July 2009

AbstractThis short report summarizes two seasons of magnetic surveying at the Roman town of Venta Icenorum at Caistor St Edmund, Norfolk. Survey strategies have been developed utilizing caesium vapour magnetometers mounted on a wheeled platform with a global positioning system to map former areas of settlement and their immediate hinterlands. The resulting survey system has enabled the rapid collection of high‐resolution magnetic data over an area of 30 ha, providing a detailed magnetic map of the former town. Details of the system configuration and survey strategy are described and data from the survey presented. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Patent priority network: Linking patent portfolio to strategic goals
Authors: Su Fang Pei , Lai Kuei Kuei , Sharma R.R.K. , Kuo Tsung Hsien 
Published: July 2009

AbstractWhen applying for patents, companies should consider performing patent portfolios as a means of integrating their patent strategy to shape their overall business strategy. This is an important issue for any company in pursuit of enhanced operational performance because the whole raison d'être behind the application of patents is the anticipation of achieving maximum competitive advantage. A prerequisite for such a company is a decision analysis model of patent portfolios because this has the added advantage of being readily applicable to the evaluation of the quality of its competitors' portfolios; thus, by understanding both itself and its competitors, a company can attain a superior position. To demonstrate this, we examine patent priority networks (PPNs) formed through patent family members and claimed priority patents, performing a model of patent portfolio analysis and then going on to determine the algorithms. We suggest that information retrieved from this network can provide a useful reference tool for decision‐making by company CEOs, CTOs, R&D managers, and intellectual property managers.
Quantum Dots Arrangement and Energy Transfer Control via Charge‐Transfer Complex Achieved on Poly(Phenylene Ethynylene)/Schizophyllan Nanowires
Authors: Shiraki Tomohiro , Haraguchi Shuichi , Tsuchiya Youichi , Shinkai Seiji 
Published: July 2009

AbstractAssemblies of organic and inorganic compounds in the nanoscale region have contributed to the development of novel functional materials toward future applications, including sensors and opto‐electronics. We succeed in fabricating hybrid nanowires composed of a conjugated polymer and semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) by a supramolecular assembly technique. The 1‐D fashion of the nanowire structure is obtained by the polymer wrapping of cationic poly(phenylene ethynylene) (PPE) with helix‐forming polysaccharide schizophyllan (SPG). The electrostatic interaction between cationic PPE and anionic QDs affords the nanowires decorated with QDs. Upon addition of an acceptor molecule, tetranitrofluorenone (TNF), the charge‐transfer (CT) complex between PPE and TNF is formed, resulting in energy transfer from the QDs to PPE arising from the induced spectral overlap. Furthermore, the employment of the conjugated polymer allows highly sensitive quenching of the QD’s emission by raising the transmission efficiency to the CT complexed electron deficient sites along the polymer backbone.
Effects of extremely low‐frequency magnetic fields on the oviposition of Drosophila melanogaster over three generations
Authors: Gonet Bolesław , Kosik‐Bogacka Danuta I. , Kuźna‐Grygiel Wanda 
Published: July 2009

AbstractThe aim of this study was to determine the effects of an extremely low‐frequency 50 Hz magnetic field (ELFMF) on the oviposition and development of Drosophila melanogaster. The results show that exposure of D. melanogaster females of generation P and all the development stages of generation F1 to an ELFMF weakened the oviposition of these insects in their subsequent generations. Bioelectromagnetics 30:687–689, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The determination of glutamine with flow‐injection chemiluminescence detection and mechanism study
Authors: Liu Yan‐Ming , Liu Zhuan‐Li , Shi Yan‐Mei , Tian Wei 
Published: July 2009

AbstractThe main purpose of this study was to develop an inexpensive, simple, rapid and sensitive chemiluminescence (CL) method for the determination of glutamine (Gln) using a flow‐injection (FI) system. Gln was found to strongly inhibit the CL signal of the luminol–H2O2–CuSO4 system in Na2B4O7 solution. A new FI‐CL method was developed for the determination of Gln. Parameters affecting the reproducibility and CL detection were optimized systematically. Under the optimized conditions, the corresponding linear regression equation was established over the range of 5.0 × 10−7 to 2.5 × 10−6 mol/L with the detection limit of 1.8 × 10−8 mol/L. The relative standard deviation was found to be 1.8% for 11 replicate determinations of 1.5 × 10−6 mol/L Gln. The proposed method has been satisfactorily applied for the determination of Gln in real samples (Marzulene‐s granules) with recoveries in the range of 98.7–108.6%. The minimum sampling rate was about 100 samples/h. The possible mechanism of this inhibitory CL was studied by fluorescence spectrophotometer and UV–vis spectrophotometer. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Augmented biosynthesis of cadmium sulfide nanoparticles by genetically engineered Escherichia coli
Authors: Chen Yen‐Lin , Tuan Hsing‐Yu , Tien Chun‐Wen , Lo Wen‐Hsin , Liang Huang‐Chien , Hu Yu‐Chen 
Published: July 2009

AbstractMicroorganisms can complex and sequester heavy metals, rendering them promising living factories for nanoparticle production. Glutathione (GSH) is pivotal in cadmium sulfide (CdS) nanoparticle formation in yeasts and its synthesis necessitates two enzymes: γ‐glutamylcysteine synthetase (γ‐GCS) and glutathione synthetase (GS). Hereby, we constructed two recombinant E. coli ABLE C strains to over‐express either γ‐GCS or GS and found that γ‐GCS over‐expression resulted in inclusion body formation and impaired cell physiology, whereas GS over‐expression yielded abundant soluble proteins and barely impeded cell growth. Upon exposure of the recombinant cells to cadmium chloride and sodium sulfide, GS over‐expression augmented GSH synthesis and ameliorated CdS nanoparticles formation. The resultant CdS nanoparticles resembled those from the wild‐type cells in size (2–5 nm) and wurtzite structures, yet differed in dispersibility and elemental composition. The maximum particle yield attained in the recombinant E. coli was ≈2.5 times that attained in the wild‐type cells and considerably exceeded that achieved in yeasts. These data implicated the potential of genetic engineering approach to enhancing CdS nanoparticle biosynthesis in bacteria. Additionally, E. coli‐based biosynthesis offers a more energy‐efficient and eco‐friendly method as opposed to chemical processes requiring high temperature and toxic solvents. © 2009 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Biotechnol. Prog., 2009
Use of high‐frequency vibrational energy in the treatment of peripheral chronic total occlusions
Authors: Al‐Ameri Hazim , Mayeda Guy S. , Shavelle David M. 
Published: July 2009

AbstractPurpose: Peripheral chronic total occlusions (CTO) are challenging lesions to treat. The CROSSER system (FlowCardia, Sunnyvale, CA) uses high‐frequency low‐amplitude vibrations to break through the cap of the CTO and had been shown to be successful in coronary CTOs. This is a case series demonstrating the use of the CROSSER system with peripheral CTOs. Case Reports: Three patients with peripheral CTO of various lengths, locations, and complexities were treated with the CROSSER system. The device allowed placement of a guidewire across the area of occlusion, thus permitting further percutaneous intervention. The CROSSER system was effective with both ostial and distal lesions, tapered and abrupt lesion morphologies, and was used from both an ipsilateral (antegrade access) and contralateral approach. Conclusion: The CROSSER system is an additional device that may be used to treat peripheral CTOs. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Radiofrequency recanalization of an occluded long segment left pulmonary artery in bidirectional cavopulmonary anastomosis
Authors: El Tahlawi Mohammad , Bonello Beatrice , Fraisse Alain 
Published: July 2009

AbstractIn patients with hypoplastic left heart syndrome who experience the Norwood surgical palliative program, development of the pulmonary artery branches is crucial. Balloon dilation and stenting may relieve potential stenosis but complete occlusion remains difficult to address with transcatheter therapy. We report the use of radiofrequency followed by balloon dilation and stenting to treat a long segment left pulmonary artery occlusion in a 15‐month‐old boy bidirectional Glenn. The left pulmonary artery was successfully recanalized with an excellent short‐term outcome. This further enhances the interest of radiofrquency for recanalization of occluded pulmonary artery branches, as an alternative to surgical reconstruction. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Is a predominant left‐to‐right shunt associated with migraine?: A prospective atrial septal defect closure study
Authors: Luermans Justin G.L.M. , Post Martijn C. , Temmerman Frederik , Thijs Vincent , Schonewille Wouter J. , Plokker H.W. Thijs , ten Berg Jurriën M. , Suttorp Maarten J. , Budts Werner I.H.L. 
Published: July 2009

AbstractBackground:A right‐to‐left shunt, as seen in patients with a patent foramen ovale, seems to be associated with migraine. An atrial septal defect (ASD), however, is characterized by a predominant left‐to‐right shunt (LRS). We prospectively evaluated the effect of percutaneous ASD closure on migraineMethods:All 70 consecutive patients (>16 years) who underwent a percutaneous ASD closure between November 2003 and December 2005 in one of the two participating centers were included in the study. On the basis of standardized headache questionnaire, two independent neurologists diagnosed migraine with or without aura (MA+ and MA−, respectively) according to the International Headache Society criteria, before, 6 and 12 months after closure.Results:Sixty‐eight patients (97%; mean age 47.3 ± 16.4 years; 22% men) agreed to participate in the study and completed the questionnaire. Before ASD closure, the overall prevalence of migraine was 34%, MA+ 22% and MA− 12%. At 6 months follow‐up, the headache questionnaire was completed by 63 patients (93%) and the prevalence of overall migraine decreased to 19%, MA+ to 8% and MA− to 11% (Mc Nemar test, P = 0.08, P = 0.07, and P = 1.0, respectively). At 12 months, the prevalence of migraine decreased further to 12%, MA+ to 5% and MA− to 7% (McNemar test, P = 0.003, P = 0.04, and P = 0.29 versus at inclusion, respectively) based on a completed headache questionnaire of 57 patients (84%).Conclusion:We found a high prevalence of migraine in patients with an ASD, and observed prospectively a reduction in the occurrence of migraine, especially migraine with aura, 1 year after percutaneous closure. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Five‐year clinical outcomes after coronary stenting of chronic total occlusion using sirolimus‐eluting stents: Insights from the rapamycin‐eluting stent evaluated at Rotterdam Cardiology Hospital—(Research) Registry
Authors: Shen Zhu Jun , García‐García Hector M. , Garg Scot , Onuma Yoshinobu , Schenkeveld Lisanne , van Domburg Ron T. , Serruys Patrick W. 
Published: July 2009

AbstractBackground: The use of drug eluting stents (DES) in patients with a successfully recanalized chronic total occlusion (CTO) has been associated with a significant decrease in the need for repeat revascularization, and a favorable short‐term clinical outcome when compared with the use of bare metal stents (BMS). Our group, however, has previously reported similar rates of target lesion revascularisation (TLR) and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) at 3 years follow‐up in patients with a successfully opened CTO who were treated with either a sirolimus eluting stent (SES) or a BMS. The objective of this report was to evaluate the outcomes of these patients at 5‐years clinical follow‐up. Methods and Results: A total of 140 (BMS 64, SES 76) patients with successfully opened CTOs were included. Seven patients died in the BMS group whilst nine patients died in the SES group (P = 0.90). Noncardiac death was the major component of all‐cause mortality (11 noncardiac deaths vs. 5 cardiac). There were two and three myocardial infarctions (MI) in the BMS and SES group, respectively (P = 1.0). The composite of death and MI occurred in seven (10.9%) and eleven (14.5%) patients in the BMS and SES group, respectively (P = 0.53). Clinically driven TLR was performed in eight patients (12.5%) in the BMS group, and five (6.6%) in the SES group (P = 0.26). Non‐TLR target vessel revascularization was performed in one patient in the BMS group, and four in the SES group (P = 0.37). The 5‐year device‐oriented cumulative MACE rate was 15.6% and 11.8% in the BMS and SES group, respectively (P = 0.56). Conclusion: In patients with a successfully treated CTO, clinical outcome after 5 years was similar between SES and BMS, however, clinically driven TLR was slightly higher in the BMS group. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Molecularly Imprinted Sorbent Assays: Recent Developments and Applications
Authors: Ge Yi , Turner Anthony P. F. 
Published: July 2009

AbstractMolecular imprinting has attracted considerable attention, because it offers the tantalising prospect of specific antibody‐mimicking recognition and binding sites, coupled with several distinct advantages such as excellent stability, ease of preparation and low cost. In this Minireview, recent progress in molecularly imprinted sorbent assays is discussed, with a particular emphasis on the most significant developments and applications over the last few years.
Predicting the Critical Micelle Concentrations of Aqueous Solutions of Ionic Liquids and Other Ionic Surfactants
Authors: Preiss U. , Jungnickel C. , Thöming J. , Krossing Ingo , Łuczak J. , Diedenhofen M. , Klamt A. 
Published: July 2009

AbstractSome ionic liquids (ILs) are structurally analogous to surfactants, especially those that consist of a combination of organic and inorganic ions. The critical micelle concentration (CMC) is a basic parameter of surface chemistry and colloid science. A significant amount of research has already been carried out to determine the CMCs of ILs. However, because of the many varied cation/anion combinations, it is a daunting task to measure the CMCs of all possible ILs. Herein we suggest a general rule for predicting the CMCs of ionic surfactants in water based on data from COSMO‐RS calculations. In accordance with the Stauff–Klevens rule, the molecular volume (Vm) is sufficient to describe similar homologous series of cationic surfactants such as imidazolium‐ and ammonium‐based ionic liquids with varying side‐chain lengths. However, to also include anionic surfactants like Na[CnSO4] in a more general correlation, Vm has to be exchanged by the cubed molecular radius (${r{{3\hfill \atop {\rm m}\hfill}}}$) and the molecular surface has to be used as an additional descriptor. Furthermore, to describe double amphiphilic compounds like [C4MIm][C8SO4], the enthalpies of mixtures calculated by COSMO‐RS have to be taken into account. The resulting equation had allowed us to predict the CMCs of all of the 36 tested surfactants with an error similar to or smaller than the usual experimental errors (18 different cations, 10 different anions: root mean squared error (rmse)=0.191 logarithmic units; R2=0.994). We discuss the factors governing micelle formation on the basis of our calculations and show that the structure of our equation can be related to Gibbs’ theory of crystallization.
Design and Synthesis of Calixarene‐Based Bis‐alkynyl‐Bridged Dinuclear AuI Isonitrile Complexes as Luminescent Ion Probes by the Modulation of Au⋅⋅⋅Au Interactions
Authors: He Xiaoming , Lam Wai Han , Zhu Nianyong , Yam Vivian Wing‐Wah 
Published: July 2009

AbstractTwo calixarene‐based bis‐alkynyl‐bridged AuI isonitrile complexes with two different crown ether pendants, [{calix[4]arene‐(OCH2CONH‐C6H4C≡C)2}{Au(CNR)}2] (R=benzo[15]crown‐5 (1); R=benzo[18]crown‐6 (2)), together with their related crown‐free analogue 3 (R=C6H3(OMe)2‐3,4) and a mononuclear gold(I) complex 4 with benzo[15]crown‐5 pendant, have been designed and synthesized, and their photophysical properties have been studied. The X‐ray structure of the ligand, calix[4]arene‐(OCH2CONH‐C6H4CCH)2 has been determined. The cation‐binding properties of these complexes with various metal ions have been studied using UV/Vis, emission, 1H NMR, and ESI‐MS techniques, and DFT calculations. A new low‐energy emission band associated with Au⋅⋅⋅Au interaction could be switched on upon formation of the metal ion‐bound adduct in a sandwich fashion.
Aura of Corroles
Authors: Aviv‐Harel Iris , Gross Zeev 
Published: July 2009

AbstractCorroles display distinctive structural, spectroscopic, and photophysical properties, as well as some exceptional chemical reactivities that are not shared by other molecules. In addition, low‐valent metal complexes are extremely reactive when chelated by corroles and the opposite holds for the high‐valent counterparts. One aim of this account is to provide a thorough understanding of the underlying principles that govern these phenomena, while the other goal is to demonstrate how these features may be used advantageously for utilization of corroles and their corresponding metal complexes in applications for which they could display superior performances. The main examples that are emphasized regarding the above respect are catalysis, imaging, and aspects relevant to drug development.