bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigating neonatal health risk variables through cell-type specific methylome-wide association studies
Authors: Campbell Thomas L. , Xie Lin Y. , Johnson Ralen H. , Hultman Christina M. , van den Oord Edwin J. C. G. , Aberg Karolina A. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAdverse neonatal outcomes are a prevailing risk factor for both short- and long-term mortality and morbidity in infants. Given the importance of these outcomes, refining their assessment is paramount for improving prevention and care. Here we aim to enhance the assessment of these often correlated and multifaceted neonatal outcomes. To achieve this, we employ factor analysis to identify common and unique effects and further confirm these effects using criterion-related validity testing. This validation leverages methylome-wide profiles from neonatal blood. Specifically, we investigate nine neonatal health risk variables, including gestational age, Apgar score, three indicators of body size, jaundice, birth diagnosis, maternal preeclampsia, and maternal age. The methylomic profiles used for this research capture data from nearly all 28 million methylation sites in human blood, derived from the blood spot collected from 333 neonates, within 72 h post-birth. Our factor analysis revealed two common factors, size factor, that captured the shared effects of weight, head size, height, and gestational age and disease factor capturing the orthogonal shared effects of gestational age, combined with jaundice and birth diagnosis. To minimize false positives in the validation studies, validation was limited to variables with significant cumulative association as estimated through an in-sample replication procedure. This screening resulted in that the two common factors and the unique effects for gestational age, jaundice and Apgar were further investigated with full-scale cell-type specific methylome-wide association analyses. Highly significant, cell-type specific, associations were detected for both common effect factors and for Apgar. Gene Ontology analyses revealed multiple significant biologically relevant terms for the five fully investigated neonatal health risk variables. Given the established links between adverse neonatal outcomes and both immediate and long-term health, the distinct factor effects (representing the common and unique effects of the risk variables) and their biological profiles confirmed in our work, suggest their potential role as clinical biomarkers for assessing health risks and enhancing personalized care.
Prognosis prediction models for post-stroke depression: a protocol for systematic review, meta-analysis, and critical appraisal
Authors: Zhou Lu , Wang Lei , Liu Gao , Cai EnLi 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Introduction
Post-stroke depression (PSD) is a prevalent complication that has been shown to have a negative impact on rehabilitation outcomes and quality of life and poses a significant risk for suicidal intention. However, models for discriminating and predicting PSD in stroke survivors for effective secondary prevention strategies are inadequate as the pathogenesis of PSD remains unknown. Prognostic prediction models that exhibit greater rule-in capacity have the potential to mitigate the issue of underdiagnosis and undertreatment of PSD. Thus, the planned study aims to systematically review and critically evaluate published studies on prognostic prediction models for PSD.

Methods and analysis
A systematic literature search will be conducted in PubMed and Embase through Ovid. Two reviewers will complete study screening, data extraction, and quality assessment utilizing appropriate tools. Qualitative data on the characteristics of the included studies, methodological quality, and the appraisal of the clinical applicability of models will be summarized in the form of narrative comments and tables or figures. The predictive performance of the same model involving multiple studies will be synthesized with a random effects meta-analysis model or meta-regression, taking into account heterogeneity.

Ethics and dissemination
Ethical approval is considered not applicable for this systematic review. Findings will be shared through dissemination at academic conferences and/or publication in peer-reviewed academic journals.

Systematic review registration
PROSPERO CRD42023388548.
Confidence in providing methadone maintenance treatment of primary care providers in Vietnam
Authors: Nguyen Bich Diep , Li Li , Lin Chunqing , Nguyen Thu Trang , Shoptaw Steven , Le Minh Giang 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
Delivering methadone treatment in community health facilities by primary care providers is a task-shifting strategy to expand access to drug use treatment, especially in rural mountainous areas. This study aims to investigate factors related to confidence in providing methadone treatment among primary care providers in Vietnam to inform good practice development.

Methods
We conducted a cross-sectional survey with 276 primary care providers who were physicians, physician assistants, nurses, pharmacists or dispensing staff from 67 communes in a mountainous province in Northern Vietnam. Using self-report scales, we measured providers’ confidence in providing methadone treatment, beliefs in harm reduction, perceived work-related support, perceived stigma and risk in working with drug-using patients, and empathy towards this population. We used multiple linear regression analyses to explore factors associated with providers’ confidence in providing methadone treatment in the whole sample and to compare two groups of providers who did and did not have experience providing methadone. Potential associated factors were measured at facility and provider levels.

Result
114 (41.3%) participants had previously experience in providing methadone treatment. Providers with methadone treatment experiences had higher confidence in and more accurate knowledge of methadone treatment, perceived less stigma of working with drug-using patients, and reported more work-related support than those without experiences. Higher medical education is associated with lower confidence in providing methadone treatment among providers without methadone experiences, but higher confidence among providers with methadone experiences. Better methadone knowledge was associated with greater confidence in providing methadone treatment among inexperienced providers but not among those with experiences. Receiving work-related support was associated with greater confidence in providing treatment in both groups, regardless of their past methadone experiences.

Conclusion
In rural provinces where methadone treatment has been expanded to primary care clinics, interventions to improve primary care providers’ confidence should benefit professionals with diverse experiences in providing methadone treatment. Continued training and support at work for providers is essential to ensuring quality in decentralized methadone treatment.
A comprehensive evaluation of a historical leather armor from Yanghai Cemetery, Turpan
Authors: Zhang Mingrui , Fan Jia , Liu Jie , Chen Yuzhen , Lu Ying , Lei Yong , Kaya Mǎdǎlina Georgiana Albu , Tang Keyong 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
A comprehensive evaluation of collagen-based historical artifacts is crucial for the preservation and inheritance of cultural relics, necessitating interdisciplinary approaches that integrate scientific knowledge with practical expertise to develop effective conservation strategies. The present work was focused on a piece of historical leather armor housed in Turpan Museum, Xinjiang, China. SEM–EDS, XRD, ATR-FTIR, and NMR were carried out on this historical leather armor from macro and micro perspectives, mainly including morphology observation, composition analysis, structural assessment, which could provide both quantitative and qualitative insights into the deterioration of the historical leather armor. Additionally, the non-destructive sampling methods and the third-generation sequencing technology (TGS) were employed to identify a total of 13 bacterial species and 8 fungal species, and their metabolic pathways were predicted, providing guidance for preventive conservation and restoration strategies. By the present work, necessary fundamental knowledge might be provided for the effective preservation and inheritance of collagen-based historical artifacts.

Graphical Abstract
Technical study on the early twentieth century’s embroidered women waistcoat in Gyalrong Tibetan area in Sichuan, China
Authors: Wang Yue , Zhan Lidan , Zhou Yihang , Liu Jian , Wu Xiaohong 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
In the early twentieth century, traditional handicraft was challenged by the latest technology in China. It is reflected by ethnic costumes combining new and old, as in the waistcoat of this study. This waistcoat made at Gyalrong Tibetan area in Sichuan, China, displays unique local features in terms of its brilliant colors and comprehensive craftsmanship. This study employs techniques such as optical microscopy, infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscope and high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry to investigate various aspects of this waistcoat, including its fabrics and dyes. The results showed that the waistcoat was primarily made of cotton and silk, with a bamboo paper layer, and that silk as well as twisted gold and silver threads were employed for the embroidery. Various embroidery techniques were applied, with patterns, color combinations, and characteristics being consistent with those of Tibetan and Shu (蜀) embroidery. In terms of dyeing technology, a wide range of colors were achieved through multi-step dyeing processes using natural dye stuffs like pagoda bud, and synthetic dyes like magenta. These findings indicates that modern technologies were well integrated into traditional garment manufacture in the early twentieth century in China.
Walking on a Balance Beam as a New Measure of Dynamic Balance to Predict Falls in Older Adults and Patients with Neurological Conditions
Authors: Hortobágyi Tibor , Vetrovsky Tomas , Uematsu Azusa , Sanders Lianne , da Silva Costa Andréia Abud , Batistela Rosangela Alice , Moraes Renato , Granacher Urs , Szabó-Kóra Szilvia , Csutorás Bence , Széphelyi Klaudia , Tollár József 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
Beam walking is a new test to estimate dynamic balance. We characterized dynamic balance measured by the distance walked on beams of different widths in five age groups of healthy adults (20, 30, 40, 50, 60 years) and individuals with neurological conditions (i.e., Parkinson, multiple sclerosis, stroke, age: 66.9 years) and determined if beam walking distance predicted prospective falls over 12 months.

Methods
Individuals with (n = 97) and without neurological conditions (n = 99, healthy adults, age 20–60) participated in this prospective longitudinal study. Falls analyses over 12 months were conducted. The summed distance walked under single (walking only) and dual-task conditions (walking and serial subtraction by 7 between 300 to 900) on three beams (4, 8, and 12-cm wide) was used in the analyses. Additional functional tests comprised grip strength and the Short Physical Performance Battery.

Results
Beam walking distance was unaffected on the 12-cm-wide beam in the healthy adult groups. The distance walked on the 8-cm-wide beam decreased by 0.34 m in the 20-year-old group. This reduction was ~ 3 × greater, 1.1 m, in the 60-year-old group. In patients, beam walking distances decreased sharply by 0.8 m on the 8 versus 12 cm beam and by additional 1.6 m on the 4 versus 8 cm beam. Beam walking distance under single and dual-task conditions was linearly but weakly associated with age (R2 = 0.21 for single task, R2 = 0.27 for dual-task). Age, disease, and beam width affected distance walked on the beam. Beam walking distance predicted future falls in the combined population of healthy adults and patients with neurological conditions. Based on receiver operating characteristic curve analyses using data from the entire study population, walking ~ 8.0 of the 12 m maximum on low-lying beams predicted future fallers with reasonable accuracy.

Conclusion
Balance beam walking is a new but worthwhile measure of dynamic balance to predict falls in the combined population of healthy adults and patients with neurological conditions. Future studies are needed to evaluate the predictive capability of beam walking separately in more homogenous populations.
Clinical Trial Registration Number NCT03532984.
Contraction of Respiratory Viral Infection During air Travel: An Under-Recognized Health Risk for Athletes
Authors: Ruuskanen Olli , Dollner Henrik , Luoto Raakel , Valtonen Maarit , Heinonen Olli J. , Waris Matti 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAir travel has an important role in the spread of viral acute respiratory infections (ARIs). Aircraft offer an ideal setting for the transmission of ARI because of a closed environment, crowded conditions, and close-contact setting. Numerous studies have shown that influenza and COVID-19 spread readily in an aircraft with one virus-positive symptomatic or asymptomatic index case. The numbers of secondary cases differ markedly in different studies most probably because of the wide variation of the infectiousness of the infector as well as the susceptibility of the infectees. The primary risk factor is sitting within two rows of an infectious passenger. Elite athletes travel frequently and are thus prone to contracting an ARI during travel. It is anecdotally known in the sport and exercise medicine community that athletes often contract ARI during air travel. The degree to which athletes are infected in an aircraft by respiratory viruses is unclear. Two recent studies suggest that 8% of Team Finland members traveling to major winter sports events contracted the common cold most probably during air travel. Further prospective clinical studies with viral diagnostics are needed to understand the transmission dynamics and to develop effective and socially acceptable preventive measures during air travel.
A telemonitoring intervention design for patients with poorly controlled type 2 diabetes: protocol for a feasibility study
Authors: Laursen Sisse H. , Giese Iben Engelbrecht , Udsen Flemming W. , Hejlesen Ole K. , Barington Pernille F. , Ohrt Morten , Vestergaard Peter , Hangaard Stine 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
Maintaining optimal glycemic control in type 2 diabetes (T2D) is difficult. Telemedicine has the potential to support people with poorly regulated T2D in the achievement of glycemic control, especially if the telemedicine solution includes a telemonitoring component. However, the ideal telemonitoring design for people with T2D remains unclear. Therefore, the aim of this feasibility study is to evaluate the feasibility of two telemonitoring designs for people with non-insulin-dependent T2D with a goal of identifying the optimal telemonitoring intervention for a planned future large-scale randomized controlled trial.

Method
This 3-month randomized feasibility study will be conducted in four municipalities in North Denmark starting in January 2024. There will be 15 participants from each municipality. Two different telemonitoring intervention designs will be tested. One intervention will include self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) combined with sleep and mental health monitoring. The second intervention will include an identical setup but with the addition of blood pressure and activity monitoring. Two municipalities will be allocated to one intervention design, whereas the other two municipalities will be allocated to the second intervention design. Qualitative interviews with participants and clinicians will be conducted to gain insight into their experiences with and acceptance of the intervention designs and trial procedures (e.g., blood sampling and questionnaires). In addition, sources of differences in direct intervention costs between the two alternative interventions will be investigated.

Discussion
Telemonitoring has the potential to support people with diabetes in achieving glycemic control, but the existing evidence is inconsistent, and thus, the optimal design of interventions remains unclear. The results of this feasibility study are expected to produce relevant information about telemonitoring designs for people with T2D and help guide the design of future studies. A well-tested telemonitoring design is essential to ensure the quality of telemedicine initiatives, with goals of user acceptance and improved patient outcomes.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov, ID: NCT06134934. Registered November 1, 2023. The feasibility trial has been approved (N-20230026) by the North Denmark Region Committee on Health Research Ethics (June 5, 2023).
Cavernoma in a young adult: a case report
Authors: Ali Hina , Zaki Samar , Bari Ehsan , Khowaja Sara 
Published: May 2024

AbstractCavernomas or cavernous malformations of the central nervous system are acquired or hereditary vascular anomalies. Although they are present in 0.1–0.5% in the general population, they are usually asymptomatic and undetected until symptoms occur. We report a case of a healthy young adult, who presented with acute onset of dizziness, and intermittent episodes of loss of consciousness. MRI brain was suggestive of right insular cortex and right basal ganglia cavernoma. The patient later on developed seizures in the form of automatisms (continuous lip smacking). Surgical removal of the cavernoma was planned as in this case it was present in an eloquent area causing seizures. Seizure producing brain mapping and intraoperative electrocorticography was also performed which is rare in the region and offered by only few centres. The surgical resection of cavernoma was successfully performed, and patient reported improvement in symptoms during subsequent follow-ups.
Recent advances of collagen composite biomaterials for biomedical engineering: antibacterial functionalization and 3D-printed architecturalization
Authors: Zheng Lu , Tseomashko Natalya , Voronova Anastasiia , Vasil’kov Alexander , Hu Xiaoqing , Wang Xiaoying 
Published: May 2024

AbstractCollagen possesses high biocompatibility with all tissue and cell types in the body, enabling the creation of multifunctional composite materials for medical applications. In biomedical engineering, naturally-sourced collagen is often combined with diverse organic and inorganic bioactive components to eliminate defects and disorders in fields including orthopedics, dermatology, and more. At the same time, medical-related infection issues and the precise treatment needs of patients require collagen composite biomaterials to have antibacterial properties and customized structures. This paper reviews the antibacterial functionalization of collagen composite biomaterials in recent years, including the combination with inorganic or organic antibacterial agents, which is beneficial for preventing and controlling biological contamination in medical applications. Then, the existing problems and future development directions for the architecturalization of collagen composite materials with 3D printing were discussed, providing guidance for personalized customization of multifunctional materials to meet the specific needs of patients in the future.
Graphical Abstract
Artificial intelligence as a negative predictive tool for breast cancer postoperative recurrence
Authors: Mansour Sahar , Azzam Heba , El-Assaly Hany 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
Mammography alone is an ineffective method for breast cancer surveillance and diagnosing cancer recurrence. The aim was to evaluate the ability of artificial intelligence (AI) to read digital mammograms as an additive tool to exclude recurrence in the operative bed of known breast cancer patients following the different surgical procedures.

Methods
We used a retrospective cohort study of post-surgery mammograms (n = 577). Imaging was performed within 6 months after the surgery or more. The AI solution used to read mammograms (AI-MMG) provided a targeted heat map of the operative bed, which was supported by a decision likelihood score percentage of cancer recurrence. The reference for suspicious or malignant-looking abnormalities (n = 62, 12.3%) was diagnosed by biopsy. A clear operative bed and benign-looking changes (n = 442) were confirmed by ultrasound characterization patterns and one year of intermittent follow-up.

Results
The AI scoring percentage for a clear operative bed ranged between 0 and 26%, with a mean of 15% ± 5.4%. Operative bed benign changes ranged from 10 to 88%, with a mean of 48.2% ± 21.2%, while malignancy recurrence ranged from 65 to 99%, with an average of 87.7% ± 10.5%. The “ROC: Receiver Operating Characteristic” curve for AI to predict cancer in the surgical bed on mammograms was 0.906. The optimum cutoff value to distinguish between benign postoperative alterations and malignancy recurrence was 56.5% (95%, CI 0.824–1.060, p value < 0.001).
Excellent agreement between AI-MMG and pathology or ultrasound results was observed, and Kappa was 0.894, p value < 0.001.

Conclusions
The use of artificial intelligence has enhanced the diagnostic performance of the postoperative mammograms to rule out recurrent malignancies in breast cancer surveillance.
Can early post-operative MRI describe a predictor model for the likelihood of early breast cancer recurrence after conservative surgery?
Authors: Elboghdady Aya Ahmed , Shawky Sarah Ahmed , Mohsen Mohamed , Zaky Mona Mahmoud 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
Breast-conserving surgery is becoming more commonly used in breast cancer treatment. However, after surgery, the breast may undergo rapid changes that can sometimes hide signs of tumor recurrence. Breast MRI is highly sensitive and specific in detecting any residual or recurrent tumors after breast-conserving therapy, making it an effective tool in the management of breast cancer. We aimed to assess the detectability of DCE-MRI in breast cancer female patients following breast conservative surgery (after a minimum of 1–4 months post-operative) to confirm complete tumor removal and differentiate between post-procedural complications and metachronous cancer in the ipsilateral or contralateral breast.

Methods
This retrospective study was conducted from March 2017 to December 2023 on 269 patients. All cases had undergone breast conservative surgery and were suspected of either recurrence or post-operative complications by clinical examination and/or sono-mammography. DCE-MRI was performed at 1.5T. The findings were correlated with the histopathological results in all cases.

Results
Patients’ mean age was 50.7 years with 389 suspected breast lesions, post-surgical traumatic fat necrosis was the most common benign finding (75.8%), and most common histological type in malignant cases was invasive mammary carcinoma (15.2%). Sensitivity and specificity of MRI BI-RADS to differentiate benign from malignant lesions were 100%. The best ADC cutoff value to differentiate between benign and malignant lesions was 1.25 × 10−3 mm2/s. The model of predictors of likelihood of malignant lesion nature had sensitivity 77%, specificity 77.8%, PPV 90% and NPV 96.7%.

Conclusions
MRI proved crucial in assessing patients after BCS. DWI can be included in patients with negative sono-mammographic examination for initial lesions detection without the need of contrast media, yet DCE MRI is mandatory in case of lesion characterization to delineate its nature, thus it cannot be replaced by DWI alone.