bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Phase II study of 153Sm‐EDTMP and high‐dose melphalan as a peripheral blood stem cell conditioning regimen in patients with multiple myeloma
Authors: Dispenzieri Angela , Wiseman Gregory A. , Lacy Martha Q. , Hayman Suzanne R. , Kumar Shaji K. , Buadi Francis , Dingli David , Laumann Krista M. , Allred Jake , Geyer Susan M. , Litzow Mark R. , Gastineau Dennis A. , Inwards David J. , Micallef Ivana N. , Ansell Stephen M. , Porrata Luis , Elliott Michelle A. , Johnston Patrick B. , Hogan William J. , Gertz Morie A. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractMultiple myeloma (MM) remains an incurable illness affecting nearly 20,000 individuals in the United States per year. High‐dose melphalan (HDM) with autologous hematopoietic stem cell support (ASCT) is one of the mainstays of therapy for younger patients, but little advancement has been made with regards to conditioning regimens. We opted to combine 153Samarium ethylenediaminetetramethylenephosphonate (153Sm‐EDTMP), a radiopharmaceutical approved for the palliation of pain caused by metastatic bone lesions, with HDM and ASCT in a Phase II study. Individualized doses of 153Sm were based on dosimetry and were calculated to deliver 40 Gy to the bone marrow. The therapeutic dose of 153Sm‐EDTMP was followed by HDM and ASCT. Forty‐six patients with newly diagnosed or relapsed disease were treated. Study patients were compared to 102 patients contemporaneously treated with HDM and ASCT. Fifty‐nine percent of study patients achieved a very good partial response (VGPR) or better. With a median follow‐up of 7.1 years, the median overall survival and progression free survival (PFS) from study registration was 6.2 years (95% CI 4.6–7.5 years) and 1.5 years (1.1–2.2 years), respectively, which compared favorably to contemporaneously treated non‐study patients. Addition of high‐dose 153Sm‐EDTMP to melphalan conditioning appears to be safe, well tolerated, and worthy of further study in the context of novel agents and in the Phase III setting. Am. J. Hematol. 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Relationship of resting hemoglobin concentration to peak oxygen uptake in heart failure patients
Authors: Agostoni Piergiuseppe , Salvioni Elisabetta , Debenedetti Chiara , Vignati Carlo , Cattadori Gaia , Contini Mauro , Magrì Damiano , Palermo Pietro , Gondoni Erica , Brusoni Denise , Fiorentini Cesare , Apostolo Anna 
Published: March 2010

AbstractAnemia is frequent in chronic heart failure (HF). To calculate what change in peak oxygen uptake (
$ {\dot {\bf V}} $O2) should be expected in the event of changes in hemoglobin concentration, we studied the correlation between peak $ {\dot {\bf V}} $O2 and hemoglobin concentration in a large HF population. We carried out retrospective analysis of all cardiopulmonary exercise tests (CPET) performed in our HF Clinic between June 2001 and March 2009 in HF patients who had a resting hemoglobin concentration measurement taken within 7 days of the CPET. We collected 967 CPETs, 704 tests were considered maximal and analyzed. We identified 181 patients (26%) as anemic. Peak $ {\dot {\bf V}} $O2 was lower (P < 0.001) in anemic patients (971 ± 23 ml/min) compared with nonanemic (1243 ± 18 ml/min). The slope of the $ {\dot {\bf V}} $O2 vs. hemoglobin ratio was 109 ml/min/g/dl at peak exercise. This correlation remained significant also when several confounding variables were analyzed by multivariate analysis. As an average, each gram of hemoglobin accounts, at peak exercise, for 109 ml/min change in $ {\dot {\bf V}} $O2 which is equivalent to 0.97 ml/min/kg. Therefore, in HF patients anemia treatment should increase $ {\dot {\bf V}} $O2 by 109 ml/min for each g/dl of hemoglobin increase. Am. J. Hematol. 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Two synthesis routes of organometallic precursors for the elaboration of SiCNYO pre‐alloyed nanopowders
Authors: Chehaidi Sirine , Foucaud Sylvie , Maître Alexandre , Goursat Paul , Bessada Catherine , Rakhmatullin Aydar , Champavier Yves 
Published: March 2010

AbstractTwo routes were simultaneously investigated to prepare organometallic precursors. They were characterized by NMR and FTIR techniques. In the first route, yttrium acetate was silylated by trimethylchlorosilane before its dissolution in hexamethydisilazane. That leads to a liquid precursor containing SiCNYOH elements. In the second route, a precursor with the same elements was elaborated by dissolution of an amminolysed yttrium compound in tetramethyldisiloxane. The amminolysed yttrium compound was obtained through the amminolysis of the yttrium trichloride by triethylamine [N(C2H5)3]. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Carbonyl group‐containing organometallic intramolecular‐coordination five‐membered ring compounds
Authors: Omae Iwao 
Published: March 2010

AbstractCarbonyl group‐containing organometallic intramolecular‐coordination five‐membered ring compounds are easily synthesized by the following five reaction methods: (1) cyclometalation, especially, orthometalation reactions; (2) the reactions of the moieties of an unsaturated carboncarbon bond attached to a carbonyl group (CCCO, CCCO); (3) the reactions of an unsaturated carboncarbon bond with carbon monoxide (CC and CO, CC and CO); (4) carbonylative ring expansion reactions; and (5) others. These compounds are very easily and regio‐specifically synthesized with many kinds of metal compounds, including both transition metals and main group metals. Many of such the reactions are easily applied to organic syntheses. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The effect of carbon nanotube hydrophobicity on the mechanical properties of carbon nanotube‐reinforced thermoplastic polyurethane nanocomposites
Authors: Smart Simon , Fania David , Milev Adriyan , Kannangara G. S. Kamali , Lu Max , Martin Darren 
Published: March 2010

AbstractDouble walled carbon nanotubes (DWNT) were functionalized by reacting methanol, dodecylamine, or octadecylamine with a toluene 2,4‐diisocyanate linker through a two‐stage reaction procedure. TGA coupled with FTIR analysis of both the decomposition products and the DWNT samples demonstrated that the functionalization procedure was successful and proceeded as expected for all samples. A preliminary investigation of the reinforcing capabilities of the functionalized DWNT in a thermoplastic polyurethane host polymer was then conducted. Tensile testing of the resultant nanocomposites demonstrated that the octadecylamine functionality provided the greatest enhancement in tensile strength and toughness. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2010
Phase separation behavior and morphologies of PMMA/poly(styrene‐co‐acrylonitrile)/clay nanocomposites prepared by solution mixing
Authors: Lee Minho , Lee Kyunghoon , Min Byong Hun , Kim Jeong Ho 
Published: March 2010

AbstractNanocomposites of blends of PMMA and poly(styrene‐co‐acrylonitrile) (SAN) with natural (PM) or organically modified montmorillonite clays (Cloisite 30B, 25A, and 15A) were prepared by solution mixing and the effect of clay on the phase separation behavior along with morphologies of nanocomposites was investigated. Nanocomposites containing clay C30B prepared from methyl ethyl ketone showed the noticeable decrease in the cloud points. None of the other nanocomposites showed the increase in the cloud point. Location of clay particles in the phase separated matrix is observed to be different depending on the type of clays and solvents. The lowest cloud point of nanocomposites containing C30B may arise from the good dispersion of C30B where Clay C30B may act as the nucleating agent inducing phase separation. Dynamic mechanical and thermal analyses support above observations. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2010
Numerical investigation of die geometry effect on LDPE annular extrudate swell
Authors: Mu Y. , Zhao Guoqun , Zhang Chengrui 
Published: March 2010

AbstractExtrudate swell is a common phenomenon in the polymer processing. The investigation of its mechanism has both scientific and industrial interest. In the study, the swell phenomenon of LDPE flowing through annular extrusion die is investigated by using finite element simulation. The effects of die geometry on the annular extrudate swell and on the polymer flow patterns are discussed in detail. The rheology of LDPE is described by using viscoelastic PTT (Phan‐Thien‐Tanner) constitutive model and the corresponding material parameters are obtained by fitting the material functions detected on a strain‐controlled rheometer. The mathematical model of annular extrudate swell is established and its finite element model is derived in the study. A penalty method is employed to solve the extrudate swell problem with a decoupled algorithm. The computation stability is improved by using the discrete elastic‐viscous split stress (DEVSS) algorithm with the inconsistent streamline‐upwind (SU) scheme. The essential flow characteristics of polymer melts flowing through annular extrusion die with different die contraction angles, different ratios of parallel length to inner radius, and different ratios of outer to inner radius are then predicted by using the proposed numerical method and the mechanism of swell phenomenon is further discussed. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2010
Degradation of poly(L‐lactide) by a mesophilic bacterium
Authors: Kim Mal Nam , Park Sang Tae 
Published: March 2010

AbstractA Gram negative, rod‐shaped mesophilic bacterium active for poly(L‐lactide) (PLA) degradation was isolated through the enrichment culture and clear‐zone method. The isolated strain was identified to be Bordetella petrii PLA‐3 on the basis of 16S rDNA gene sequence analysis. B. petrii PLA‐3 was active not only for the degradation of low‐molecular‐weight PLA but also for the degradation of high‐molecular‐weight PLA. The strain seemed to attack the crystalline part of PLA as well as the amorphous region. The PLA film incubated in compost inoculated with the isolated strain lost its weight more notably and exhibited a lower molecular weight than that incubated in the sterilized compost without living microorganisms. Moreover, the profile of the cumulative amount of CO2 after 20 days of burial in the sterilized compost and subsequent inoculation of the isolated strain into compost was nearly the same as that of CO2 evolved from PLA buried in compost with the isolated strain at the very beginning when the time was shifted by 20 days. This indicated that not only the abiotic hydrolysis but also the microbial enzymes of the strain contributed to the initial chain cleavage of PLA molecules and resolved the doubt that PLA molecules should be initially cleaved into very low‐molecular‐weight substances by abiotic hydrolysis to be subsequently absorbed into and biodegraded by microorganisms. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2010
Design optimization of extrusion‐blow‐molded parts using prediction‐reliability‐guided search of evolving network modeling
Authors: Yu Jyh‐Cheng , Juang Jyh‐Yeong 
Published: March 2010

AbstractIndustries often adopt a two‐stage design for blow‐molded parts. The part thickness distribution is first determined by structural analysis to satisfy loading requirements, and this is followed by programming of the die‐gap opening to realize the thickness distribution. This study proposes a soft‐computing‐based optimization scheme integrating part design and molding process control to search for the die‐gap programming of the molding process with minimum part weight while satisfying performance constraints. Finite element analysis tools are applied to simulate the extrusion‐blow‐molding process and structural analysis. To reduce the number of simulations, the proposed scheme first establishes a neural network (NN) model from a small experimental design to simulate the system response, and it searches for the model optimum with a genetic algorithm (GA). Because the prediction generality of an NN from small training samples will be limited, this work proposes fuzzy reasoning for the prediction reliability of the model to guide the GA search for a quasi‐optimum. The verification of the optimum is added to retrain the model, and the process iterates until convergence is reached. The iteration automatically distributes additional samples in the most probable space of the design optimum for the evolving model and improves the sampling efficiency. A high‐density polyethylene bottle design is presented to illustrate the application and for comparison with the Taguchi method and a simple iteration of NN and GA. The proposed scheme outperforms the other two and provides a feasible optimum from a robust convergence. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2010
The effect of multiwalled carbon nanotube dimensions on the morphology, mechanical, and electrical properties of melt mixed polypropylene‐based composites
Authors: Dubnikova Irina , Kuvardina Evgeniya , Krasheninnikov Vadim , Lomakin Sergey , Tchmutin Igor , Kuznetsov Sergey 
Published: March 2010

AbstractThe effect of multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) dimensions and surface modification on the morphology, mechanical reinforcement, and electrical properties of PP‐based composites, prepared by melt mixing, has been studied. The MWCNTs of small (d < 10 nm) and large (d = 40–60 nm) diameters with various intrinsic aspect ratios (L/d) have been used as filler. Transmission electron microscopy and very cold neutrons (VCN) scattering showed that both as‐received and surface modified small diameter MWCNT(1)s exhibit a strong tendency to bundle or cluster together in melt compared to both long MWCNT(3)s and short MWCNT(2)s large diameter nanotubes. The fractions of isolated nanotubes are higher and the mass‐fractal dimensions are lower for thick MWCNT‐based nanocomposites. The nanotubes of all types are heterogeneous nucleation sites for PP crystallization. The tensile and DMA testing results revealed that both long thick MWCNT(3)s with L/d ≈ 300 and thin MWCNT(1)s with highest intrinsic L/d > 1000 exhibit similar reinforcing effects, because drastically decreasing the effective aspect ratio (L/d)eff of the thin flexibly nanotubes within polymer matrix. The nanocomposites based on the long large diameter MWCNT(3)s demonstrated the lowest percolation threshold equal to 1.5 vol % loading, highest dielectric and electromagnetic waves shielding properties. It was concluded that the choice of optimal diameter and length of MWCNTs is right approach to the improvement in the dispersion state and straightness of multiwelled carbon nanotubes in polymer melt as well as to enhancement of their efficiency as reinforcing and conductive nanosized filler. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2010
Gamma‐irradiated metallocenic polyethylene and ethylene‐1‐hexene copolymers
Authors: Satti Angel José , Andreucetti Noemí Amalia , Quijada Raúl , Sarmoria Claudia , Pastor José María , Vallés Enrique Marcelo 
Published: March 2010

AbstractThe aim of this work is to present a detailed study of the changes introduced by gamma radiation on several metallocenic polyethylene copolymers. Therefore, metallocenic polyethylene and copolymers with 3.3, 9.2, and 16.1 mol % of hexene comonomer content were synthesized and irradiated with 60Co gamma radiation under vacuum at room temperature with radiation doses ranging from 0 to 100 kGy. Size Exclusion Chromatography data show that crosslinking reactions predominate over scission, even for the copolymer with the highest tertiary carbon content. Over a certain critical dose, which depends on the molecular weight and molecular structure of the initial polymer, an insoluble gel forms. The irradiated polymers also exhibit complex rheological behavior with increasing melt viscosity and elasticity, consistent with long chain branching and/or crosslinking. FTIR confirms depletion of terminal vinyl groups and increase of trans unsaturations with dose. The rate at which these two reactions evolve seems to depend on the comonomer content of the irradiated copolymers. Differential scanning calorimetry and Raman spectroscopy analyzes indicate less crystallinity and thicker interphases in irradiated materials. A mathematical model, which accounts for scission and crosslinking reactions, fitted well the evolution with radiation dose of the measured molecular weight data. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2010
Preparation of novel lanthanide complexes with hindered amine via solid‐state reaction and preliminary evaluation of their efficiency as light stabilizers
Authors: Yang Tao , Feng Jiachun 
Published: March 2010

AbstractIn this research, a series of lanthanide complexes with a low molecular weight hindered amine have been synthesized for the first time from lanthanide chloride and bis‐(2,2,6,6‐tetramethyl‐4‐piperidinyl)‐decanedioicacid (L) by simply using a solvent‐free solid‐state reaction. Elemental and thermo analysis suggest that the component of the complexes is LnLCl3 2H2O (Ln = Y, La, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Dy, Er). Infrared spectra indicate that the lanthanide ions are coordinated with oxygen atoms of the carbonyl group in ligand. Polypropylene films containing the ligand and complexes were prepared by melt blending and compression molding, and were exposed to UV irradiation before and after ethanol extraction. The measurements of carbonyl index, thermal decomposition temperature, and tensile elongation at break reveal that these complexes have comparable photostabilizing efficiency and improved extraction resistance compared to the ligand alone. This study suggests that hindered‐amine lanthanide complexes can provide novel approach to the cheap and efficient light stabilizers. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2010
Detecting relationships among categories using text classification
Authors: Mengle Saket S. R. , Goharian Nazli 
Published: March 2010

AbstractDiscovering relationships among concepts and categories is crucial in various information systems. The authors' objective was to discover such relationships among document categories. Traditionally, such relationships are represented in the form of a concept hierarchy, grouping some categories under the same parent category. Although the nature of hierarchy supports the identification of categories that may share the same parent, not all of these categories have a relationship with each other—other than sharing the same parent. However, some “non‐sibling” relationships exist that although are related to each other are not identified as such. The authors identify and build a relationship network (relationship‐net) with categories as the vertices and relationships as the edges of this network. They demonstrate that using a relationship‐net, some nonobvious category relationships are detected. Their approach capitalizes on the misclassification information generated during the process of text classification to identify potential relationships among categories and automatically generate relationship‐nets. Their results demonstrate a statistically significant improvement over the current approach by up to 73% on 20 News groups 20NG, up to 68% on 17 categories in the Open Directories Project (ODP17), and more than twice on ODP46 and Special Interest Group on Information Retrieval (SIGIR) data sets. Their results also indicate that using misclassification information stemming from passage classification as opposed to document classification statistically significantly improves the results on 20NG (8%), ODP17 (5%), ODP46 (73%), and SIGIR (117%) with respect to F1 measure. By assigning weights to relationships and by performing feature selection, results are further optimized.
Biomimetic Synthesis of Metal Ion‐Doped Hierarchical Crystals Using a Gel Matrix: Formation of Cobalt‐Doped LiMn2O4with Improved Electrochemical Properties through a Cobalt‐Doped MnCO3Precursor
Authors: Kokubu Takao , Oaki Yuya , Uchiyama Hiroaki , Hosono Eiji , Zhou Haoshen , Imai Hiroaki 
Published: March 2010

AbstractWe have synthesized spinel type cobalt‐doped LiMn2O4(LiMn2−yCoyO4, 0≤y≤0.367), a cathode material for a lithium‐ion battery, with hierarchical sponge structures via the cobalt‐doped MnCO3(Mn1‐xCoxCO3, 0≤x≤0.204) formed in an agar gel matrix. Biomimetic crystal growth in the gel matrix facilitates the generation of both an homogeneous solid solution and the hierarchical structures under ambient condition. The controlled composition and the hierarchical structure of the cobalt‐doped MnCO3precursor played an important role in the formation of the cobalt‐doped LiMn2O4. The charge–discharge reversible stability of the resultant LiMn1.947Co0.053O4was improved to ca. 12 % loss of the discharge capacity after 100 cycles, while pure LiMn2O4showed 24 % loss of the discharge capacity after 100 cycles. The parallel control of the hierarchical structure and the composition in the precursor material through a biomimetic approach, promises the development of functional materials under mild conditions.
Semicontinuous bioreactor production of a recombinant human therapeutic protein using a chemically inducible viral amplicon expression system in transgenic plant cell suspension cultures
Authors: Huang Ting‐Kuo , Plesha Michael A. , McDonald Karen A. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractPlant cell culture is an alternative for the production of recombinant human therapeutic proteins because of improved product safety, lower production cost, and capability for eukaryotic post‐translational modification. In this study, bioreactor production of recombinant human alpha‐1‐antitrypsin (rAAT) glycoprotein using a chemically inducible Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) viral amplicon expression system in transgenic Nicotiana benthamiana cell culture is presented. Optimization of a chemically inducible plant cell culture requires evaluation of effects of timing of induction (TOI) and concentration of inducer (COI) on protein productivity and protein quality (biological functionality). To determine the optimal TOI, the oxygen uptake rate (OUR) of the plant cell culture was chosen as a physiological indicator for inducing maximum rAAT expression. Effects of COI on rAAT production were investigated using a semicontinuous culture, which enables the distinction between effects of growth rate and effects of inducer concentration. An optimized semicontinuous bioreactor operation was further proposed to maximize the recombinant protein production. The results demonstrated that the transgenic plant cells, transformed with the inducible viral amplicon expression system, maintain higher OUR and exhibit lower extracellular protease activity and lower total phenolics concentration in the optimized semicontinuous bioreactor process than in a traditional batch bioreactor operation, resulting in a 25‐fold increase in extracellular functional rAAT (603 µg/L) and a higher ratio of functional rAAT to total rAAT (85–90%). Surprisingly, sustained rAAT production and steady state, long‐term bioreactor operation is possible following chemical induction and establishment of the viral amplicons. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2010; 106: 408–421. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.