bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chemokines at the crossroads of tumor-fibroblast interactions that promote malignancy
Authors: Mishra Pravin , Banerjee Debabrata , Ben-Baruch Adit 
Published: July 2010

ABSTRACTCells of the tumor microenvironment play active roles in determining the malignancy phenotype. The host cells and the cancer cells cross-talk via a large variety of soluble factors, whose effects on both partners determine the final outcome of the tumorigenic process. In this review, we focus on the interactions between cancer cells and fibroblasts that are found in their proximity in the growing and progressing tumor and describe the roles of chemokines in mediating such cross-talks. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs, also termed tumor-associated fibroblasts) were found recently to acquire properties that promote tumor development and metastasis formation, as is also the case for specific members of the chemokine family. In this review, we suggest that there is a bidirectional cross-talk between tumor cells and CAFs, which leads via chemokine activities to increased malignancy. This cross-talk is manifested by the fact that cancer cells release factors that enhance the ability of the fibroblasts to secrete a variety of tumor-promoting chemokines, which then act back on the malignant cells to promote their proliferative, migratory, and invasive properties. The CAF-released chemokines also affect the tumor microenvironment, leading to increased angiogenesis and possibly to an elevated presence of cancer-supporting macrophages in tumors. Here, we describe these bidirectional interactions and the chemokines that are involved in these processes: mainly the CXCL12-CXCR4 pair but also other chemokines, including CCL2, CCL5, CCL7, CXCL8, and CXCL14. The overall findings suggest that chemokines stand at the crossroads of tumor-CAF interactions that lead to increased malignancy in many cancer diseases.
Mouse CD84 is a pan-leukocyte cell-surface molecule that modulates LPS-induced cytokine secretion by macrophages
Authors: Sintes Jordi , Romero Xavier , de Salort Jose , Terhorst Cox , Engel Pablo 
Published: July 2010

Abstract
CD84 is a modulator of the amplitude and the quality of the TLR-induced response in murine macrophages.
CD84 is 1 of the 9 SLAM family cell-surface receptors involved in leukocyte activation. The CD84 ectodomain is highly glycosylated, and its cytoplasmic tail contains 2 copies of an ITSM, which can be phosphorylated. Here, we report that although mouse CD84 was present on all BM HSCs, its expression declined in developing thymic and BM lymphocytes. However, CD84 expression levels did increase significantly during the later maturation stages and were expressed abundantly on mature B and T cells. Among lymphocyte subsets, the highest expression was found on innate-like lymphocytes; specifically, on NKT and marginal zone B cells. Splenic CD4+ TFH cells exhibited higher levels of CD84 compared with the other CD4+ T cell subsets. CD84 was expressed abundantly on monocytes, macrophages, granulocytes, and DCs. Moreover, as the function of CD84 in myeloid cells remains unknown, we focused on the role this receptor plays in mouse macrophage activation. Transfection of CD84 in RAW-264.7 macrophages led to an increase in MAPK phosphorylation and NF-κB activation upon LPS stimulation. Concomitantly, the presence of CD84 increased the LPS-induced secretion of TNF-α and MCP-1 but lowered IL-10 and IL-6 production significantly. This modulatory effect was mediated by Y300 within the second ITSM of CD84. Additionally, CD84 knock-down decreased TNF-α and IL-6 production in LPS-activated BMDMs. Taken together, these results show that mouse CD84 is a pan-leukocyte receptor, able to modulate signaling pathways downstream of TLR4, and regulates macrophage cell-fate decisions and effector functions.
Hydrogen Production from Water Using Novel Three-dimensional Interpenetrated Zn–Pd Coordination Polymer
Authors: Miyazaki Yuhei , Kataoka Yusuke , Kitagawa Yasutaka , Okumura Mitutaka , Mori Wasuke 
Published: July 2010

Abstract
A novel three-dimensional interpenetrated coordination polymer, [Zn{Pd(INA)4}]n (INA = isonicotinate), was synthesized and structurally characterized. This material was performed as a hydrogen production catalyst for photochemical reduction of water in the presence of [Ru(bpy)3]2+, methyl viologen, and EDTA–2Na.
Microporous Acidic Cesium Salt of 12-Tungstosilicic Acid Cs3HSiW12O40 as a Size-selective Solid Acid Catalyst
Authors: Kamiya Yuichi , Sano Shogo , Miura Yu-ki , Uchida Yohei , Ogawa Yuki , Iwase Yukari , Okuhara Toshio 
Published: July 2010

Abstract
An acidic Cs salt of H4SiW12O40 (Cs3HSiW12O40), which was prepared by titrating an aqueous solution of H4SiW12O40 with an aqueous solution of Cs2CO3, possessed only micropores and exhibited size-selective catalysis for acid-catalyzed reactions in liquid phase.
Spectroscopic Changes of Silicon Nanowires Induced by Femtosecond Laser Pulses
Authors: Zhang Xiaodan , Tian Hua , He Junhui , Fang Xiangyun 
Published: July 2010

Abstract
When HF-treated silicon nanowires (SiNWs) were irradiated by femtosecond laser pulses, three new energy transitions appeared in the UV region, which might be attributed to defect-related deep levels, especially oxygen and silicon vacancies rather than their morphology and structure changes.
Nickel-catalyzed [4 + 2] Cycloaddition of Alkynes to Carbonylsalicylamides via Elimination of Isocyanates
Authors: Yoshino Yasufumi , Kurahashi Takuya , Matsubara Seijiro 
Published: July 2010

Abstract
An intermolecular nickel-catalyzed [4 + 2] cycloaddition has been developed where carbonylsalicylamides react with alkynes to afford substituted chromones. The reaction involves an elimination of isocyanates and an addition of alkynes, that is, a formal substitution reaction of an isocyanate by an alkyne.
Pediatric Atopic Dermatitis: A Review of the Medical Management
Authors: Carbone Antonia , Siu Anita , Patel Rupal 
Published: July 2010

Objective: To evaluate the available treatment options for pediatric atopic dermatitis, Data Sources: A literature review was performed in MEDLINE (1950-February 2010) using the key word atopic dermatitis. The references identified were evaluated in comparative treatment. The references included in this review were limited to studies conducted in children less than 18 years of age and written in the English language. Study Selection and Data Extraction: All of the literature retrieved that was published within the last 5 years (2005-2010) was included in this review. Other pertinent articles published prior to 2005 were also included. Data Synthesis: Atopic dermatitis is a chronic inflammatory skin disorder that usually begins during infancy. Potential causes include irritants such as soap and detergents, food allergens, contact allergens, and skin infections. Emollients, moisturizing agents that inhibit water loss and provide a protective coating, are recommended in all patients with atopic dermatitis. Additionally, emollients may reduce the need to use topical corticosteroids. Patients receiving desanide 0.05% plus an emollient achieved significant reductions in severity scores compared to those receiving desonide 0.05% as monotherapy (80% vs 70%; p < 0.01). Topical calcineurin inhibitors are not recommended as first-line therapy in pediatric patients with atopic dermatitis; however, their use in children above 2 years of age who fail to respond to topical corticosteroids may be considered. Conclusions: Emollients are recommended in pediatric patients with a diagnosis of atopic dermatitis regardless of symptoms. Topical corticosteroids reduce the inflammation and pruritus associated with atopic dermatitis and are available in several formulations and strengths. Calcineurin inhibitors may be an alternative in children older than 2 years of age who do not respond to topical corticosteroids,
Implementing a Referral to Telephone Tobacco Cessation Services in Louisiana Community Pharmacies: A Pilot Study
Authors: Baggarly Scott A , Jenkins Tara L , Biglane Gina C , Smith Gregory W , Smith Connie M , Blaylock Benny L 
Published: July 2010

Background: With one of the highest rates of tobacco dependence in the nation, Louisiana has been searching for economical and effective methods for assisting patients in cessation efforts. Community pharmacists are in an excellent position to promote tobacco cessation due to their availability to patients. The “Ask-Advise-Refer” model is a short intervention in which patients desiring to quit smoking are referred to free tobacco cessation telephone counseling services. Objective: To evaluate the implementation of the Ask-Advise-Refer model in a sample of Louisiana pharmacies and identify barriers experienced by pharmacists when identifying and referring appropriate patients. Methods: Nine pharmacists from across the state implemented the Ask-Advise-Refer model in their community pharmacies. Each pharmacist submitted a weekly tally sheet consisting oí number of patients asked about tobacco dependence, number of patients not ready to quit, number referred to tobacco cessation telephone counseling, number enrolled in study, and amount of lime involved with interventions. Additionally, participating pharmacists completed a self-administered survey at the completion of the pilot study to determine opinions on barriers to widespread implementation of the program. Results: Over a 6-month period, the 9 pharmacists asked 5429 patients about tobacco dependence. Of the 657 self-identified tobacco-dependent patients, 478 (72.8%) were not ready to quit, and 179 (27.2%) indicated that they were ready to quit tobacco in the next 30 days. Of the patients ready to quit, 169 (94.4%) were referred to telephone counseling services to assist in their cessation efforts. Conclusions: Louisiana community pharmacists have the ability to screen and identify tobacco-dependent patients ready to quit tobacco use, but barriers exist that prevent a large number of these patients from being referred to available, free cessation counseling,
An Interaction Between Levodopa and Enteral Nutrition Resulting in Neuroleptic Malignant-Like Syndrome and Prolonged ICU Stay
Authors: Bonnici André , Ruiner Carola-Ellen , St-Laurent Lyne , Hornstein David 
Published: July 2010

Objective: To describe a probable interaction between enteral feeds and levodopa leading to neuroleptic malignant-like syndrome (NMLS) in a polytrauma patient with Parkinson's disease (PD). Case Summary: A 63-year-old morbidly obese male polytrauma patient with PD and type 2 diabetes mellitus was admitted to our intensive care unit postoperatively. Enteral feeds were administered per nasogastric tube and provided 0.88 g/kg/day of protein based on ideal body weight (IBW). His PD medications (pramipexole, entacapone, and immediate-release levodopa/carbidopa 100mg/25mg, 1.5 tablets 4 times daily) were administered via nasogastric tube. To achieve better glycemic control, his enteral feeds were changed to a formula that provided 1.8 g/kg/day of protein based on IBW. In the following 24 hours, the patient's mental status deteriorated and he was reintubated, He developed a high fever (40.5°C), leukocytosis, elevated serum creatine kinase (CK) (480-1801 units/L), and acute renal impairment His enteral nutrition was changed to decrease protein intake to 1.0 g/kg/day based on IBW and he was given bromocriptine 5 mg 3 times daily via nasogastric tube. Within 24 hours, the patient's mental status improved, his temperature and CK decreased, and his renal function began to improve; the values returned to baseline levels on the 18th day of admission. Discussion: Withdrawal or dose reduction of levodopa in patients with PD has been reported to precipitate NMLS, which is potentially fatal. Because dietary protein can decrease the absorption of levodopa, a potential for an interaction between levodopa and enteral feedings exists, although published reports of such an interaction are limited. In this patient, the likelihood that a drug-nutrient interaction occurred between levodopa and enteral feedings is considered to be probable based on the Naranjo probability scale and the Horn Drug Interaction Probability Scale. Conclusions: Health-care professionals should be aware of the interaction between levodopa and protein content of enteral nutrition to avoid the occurrence of NMLS in patients with PD.
Ill-posed quadratic optimization in Banach spaces
Authors: Belgacem Faker Ben 
Published: July 2010

Abstract
Quadratic optimization in Banach spaces is explored in the context of ill-posedness. We elucidate the conditions under which the cost function is bounded from below. Issues related to the ill-posedness in Hilbert scales have been comprehensively studied in a constructive way in Inverse Probl.
24 (2008), 055002. Things are entirely different in Banach spaces where the spectral theory does not work and calculating fractional powers of the quadratic operator we are involved in does not make sense anymore. Specific functional analysis tools such as the interpolation of Banach spaces are required. A by-product of the results we state is the possibility to handle numerically the quadratic optimization problem as if it were a least-squares problem, for a class of data that is described accurately. Needless to recall the important impact of such results on the regularization procedures, necessary for a safe computational treatment of the problem.
Corrosion detection in a 2D domain with a polygonal boundary
Authors: Bacchelli Valeria , Veneziani Alessandro , Vessella Sergio 
Published: July 2010

AbstractWe consider the problem of quantitative non-destructive evaluation of corrosion in a 2D domain representing a thin metallic plate. Corrosion damage is assumed to occur in an inaccessible part of the domain. Reconstruction of the damaged profile is possible by measuring an electrostatic current properly induced by a potential in an accessible part of the boundary (electrical impedance tomography). We present here numerical methods and results based on a formulation of the problem introduced and analyzed in Bacchelli–Vessella,Inverse Problems22(2006), where the corroded profile is represented by a polygonal boundary. We resort in particular to the Landweber method and the Brakhage semi-iterative scheme. Numerical results show the reliability of this approach in general situations, including nongraph corroded boundaries.
Targeted Genome Modification in Mice Using Zinc-Finger Nucleases
Authors: Carbery Iara D , Ji Diana , Harrington Anne , Brown Victoria , Weinstein Edward J , Liaw Lucy , Cui Xiaoxia 
Published: July 2010

AbstractHomologous recombination-based gene targeting using Mus musculus embryonic stem cells has greatly impacted biomedical research. This study presents a powerful new technology for more efficient and less time-consuming gene targeting in mice using embryonic injection of zinc-finger nucleases (ZFNs), which generate site-specific double strand breaks, leading to insertions or deletions via DNA repair by the nonhomologous end joining pathway. Three individual genes, multidrug resistant 1a (Mdr1a), jagged 1 (Jag1), and notch homolog 3 (Notch3), were targeted in FVB/N and C57BL/6 mice. Injection of ZFNs resulted in a range of specific gene deletions, from several nucleotides to &gt;1000 bp in length, among 20–75% of live births. Modified alleles were efficiently transmitted through the germline, and animals homozygous for targeted modifications were obtained in as little as 4 months. In addition, the technology can be adapted to any genetic background, eliminating the need for generations of backcrossing to achieve congenic animals. We also validated the functional disruption of Mdr1a and demonstrated that the ZFN-mediated modifications lead to true knockouts. We conclude that ZFN technology is an efficient and convenient alternative to conventional gene targeting and will greatly facilitate the rapid creation of mouse models and functional genomics research.
The Rapidly Evolving Centromere-Specific Histone Has Stringent Functional Requirements inArabidopsis thaliana
Authors: Ravi Maruthachalam , Kwong Pak N , Menorca Ron M G , Valencia Joel T , Ramahi Joseph S , Stewart Jodi L , Tran Robert K , Sundaresan Venkatesan , Comai Luca , Chan Simon W-L 
Published: July 2010

AbstractCentromeres control chromosome inheritance in eukaryotes, yet their DNA structure and primary sequence are hypervariable. Most animals and plants have megabases of tandem repeats at their centromeres, unlike yeast with unique centromere sequences. Centromere function requires the centromere-specific histone CENH3 (CENP-A in human), which replaces histone H3 in centromeric nucleosomes. CENH3 evolves rapidly, particularly in its N-terminal tail domain. A portion of the CENH3 histone-fold domain, the CENP-A targeting domain (CATD), has been previously shown to confer kinetochore localization and centromere function when swapped into human H3. Furthermore, CENP-A in human cells can be functionally replaced by CENH3 from distantly related organisms including Saccharomyces cerevisiae. We have used cenh3-1 (a null mutant in Arabidopsis thaliana) to replace endogenous CENH3 with GFP-tagged variants. A H3.3 tail domain–CENH3 histone-fold domain chimera rescued viability of cenh3-1, but CENH3's lacking a tail domain were nonfunctional. In contrast to human results, H3 containing the A. thaliana CATD cannot complement cenh3-1. GFP–CENH3 from the sister species A. arenosa functionally replaces A. thaliana CENH3. GFP–CENH3 from the close relative Brassica rapa was targeted to centromeres, but did not complement cenh3-1, indicating that kinetochore localization and centromere function can be uncoupled. We conclude that CENH3 function in A. thaliana, an organism with large tandem repeat centromeres, has stringent requirements for functional complementation in mitosis.
A Comparative Study of Root Coverage Using Two Different Acellular Dermal Matrix Products
Authors: Barker Thomas S. , Cueva Marco A. , Rivera‐Hidalgo Francisco , Beach M. Miles , Rossmann Jeffrey A. , Kerns David G. , Crump T. Bradley , Shulman Jay D. 
Published: July 2010

Background: Gingival recession remains an important problem in dental esthetics. A new dermal matrix material has been introduced, but its effectiveness has not been studied and compared to current dermal matrix material. The aim of this study is to compare the healing associated with a coronally advanced flap for root coverage in areas of localized tissue recession when using Alloderm (ADM) and Puros Dermis (PDM).Methods: A split‐mouth design was used for this study, with 52 contralateral sites in 14 patients with Miller Class I or III facial tissue recession. Twenty‐six sites were treated with coronally advanced flap using PDM, and 26 sites were treated with coronally advanced flap using ADM, all followed for 6 months. Clinical measurements of vertical recession, keratinized tissue, probing depths, and attachment levels were made initially, at 3 months, and at 6 months.Results: Both groups had significant improvement in the amount of recession coverage with means of 2.83 mm for the PDM and 3.13 mm for the ADM. The percentage of root coverage was 81.4% for the PDM and 83.4% for the ADM; differences between the materials were not statistically significant.Conclusions: Based on the results of this study, there was no statistical or clinical difference in the amount of root coverage, probing depth, or keratinized tissue in coronally advanced flaps for root coverage with either of the two acellular dermal matrix materials. Both materials were successful in achieving root coverage.
Periodontal Regeneration With or Without Limited Orthodontics for the Treatment of 2‐ or 3‐Wall Infrabony Defects
Authors: Ogihara Shigeki , Wang Hom‐Lay 
Published: July 2010

Background: Limited orthodontics are shown to be effective in the correction of infrabony defects. Studies have also demonstrated the efficacy of using enamel matrix derivative (EMD) with demineralized freeze‐dried bone allograft (DFDBA) to treat infrabony defects. This study aims to compare the clinical efficacy of limited orthodontics combined with EMD/DFDBA in the treatment of 2‐ or 3‐wall infrabony defects.Methods: A randomized, parallel clinical trial was conducted in a private periodontal practice (Tokyo, Japan) between April 2004 and October 2008. Treatment period was 1 year with a 1‐year follow‐up. Forty‐seven randomized patients, mean age of 53 ± 10.7 years, were allocated into two intervention groups: ortho/EMD/DFDBA (n = 24) and EMD/DFDBA (n = 23). Each patient had either a 2‐ or 3‐wall infrabony defect of ≥6 mm deep. Probing depth and clinical attachment level were measured at baseline and 1 year. The primary outcome measure was absolute change in probing depth and clinical attachment level from baseline to 1‐year follow‐up. The secondary outcome measure was absolute change in open probing attachment level gain and percentage defect resolution from baseline to 6‐month reentry surgery. Infrabony defects were surgically treated with EMD and DFDBA 4 weeks before application of orthodontic extrusive forces. Reentry surgeries were performed at 6 months after initial surgery.Results: Forty‐seven patients were analyzed. Both treatment groups showed a significant improvement from baseline with no significant difference between the groups except for the 2‐wall defects. The ortho/EMD/DFDBA group had statistically significant open probing attachment level gain (95% confidence level, 3.18 to 4.36; P = 0.036) compared to the EMD/DFDBA group (95% confidence level, 2.26 to 3.24) in 2‐wall defects.Conclusion: Although both treatment modalities were effective in managing 2‐ or 3‐wall infrabony defects, limited orthodontics provided an additional benefit to EMD/DFDBA in 2‐wall defects.
The Impact of Cigarette Smoke Inhalation on the Outcome of Enamel Matrix Derivative Treatment in Rats: Histometric Analysis
Authors: Corrêa Mônica G. , Campos Mirella L. Gomes , Benatti Bruno Braga , Marques Marcelo Rocha , Casati Marcio Z. , Nociti Francisco H. , Sallum Enilson A. 
Published: July 2010

Background: Tobacco use is the most significant risk factor of periodontal disease. Clinical evidence has demonstrated that tobacco may negatively influence the results after surgical and non‐surgical periodontal therapy. Enamel matrix derivative (EMD) have been used in periodontal regenerative procedures resulting in improvement of clinical parameters. The effect of EMD in the presence of tobacco compounds is unclear. Thus, the aim of the present study is to evaluate the impact of cigarette smoke inhalation (CSI) on the results of EMD treatment.Methods: Twenty‐two Wistar rats were assigned to two groups: Group 1, CSI (n = 11); Group 2, non‐exposed (n = 11). Thirty days after initiation of CSI, fenestration defects were created at the buccal aspect of the first mandibular molar. The study followed a split‐mouth design. After the surgeries the defects were randomly assigned to two subgroups: non‐treated control and treated with EMD. The animals were sacrificed 21 days later and the percentage of defect fill, density of newly formed bone, and new cementum formation were histometrically assessed. The number of osteoclasts was determined by tartrate‐resistant acid phosphatase.Results: CSI was associated with less bone density compared to the non‐exposed group. EMD provided an increased defect fill and new cementum formation in both groups. The number of tartrate‐resistant acid phosphatase–positive osteoclasts was significantly higher in the CSI non‐treated control group compared to the non‐treated control of the non‐exposed animals.Conclusions: EMD may provide increased defect fill and cementum formation in the presence or absence of CSI. However, tobacco smoke produced a detrimental effect on bone healing when density of newly formed bone was considered.