bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Accuracy of patient-specific I-131 dosimetry using hybrid whole-body planar-SPECT/CT I-123 and I-131 imaging
Authors: Morphis Michaella , van Staden Johan A. , du Raan Hanlie , Ljungberg Michael , Sjögreen Gleisner Katarina 
Published: June 2024

AbstractPurposeThis study aimed to assess the accuracy of patient-specific absorbed dose calculations for tumours and organs at risk in radiopharmaceutical therapy planning, utilizing hybrid planar-SPECT/CT imaging.MethodsThree Monte Carlo (MC) simulated digital patient phantoms were created, with time-activity data for mIBG labelled to I-123 (LEHR and ME collimators) and I-131 (HE collimator). The study assessed the accuracy of the mean absorbed doses for I-131-mIBG therapy treatment planning. Multiple planar whole-body (WB) images were simulated (between 1 to 72 h post-injection (p.i)). The geometric-mean image of the anterior and posterior WB images was calculated, with scatter and attenuation corrections applied. Time-activity curves were created for regions of interest over the liver and two tumours (diameters: 3.0 cm and 5.0 cm) in the WB images. A corresponding SPECT study was simulated at 24 h p.i and reconstructed using the OS-EM algorithm, incorporating scatter, attenuation, collimator-detector response, septal scatter and penetration corrections. MC voxel-based absorbed dose rate calculations used two image sets, (i) the activity distribution represented by the SPECT images and (ii) the activity distribution from the SPECT images distributed uniformly within the volume of interest. Mean absorbed doses were calculated considering photon and charged particle emissions, and beta emissions only. True absorbed doses were calculated by MC voxel-based dosimetry of the known activity distributions for reference.ResultsConsidering photon and charged particle emissions, mean absorbed dose accuracies across all three radionuclide-collimator combinations of 3.8 ± 5.5% and 0.1 ± 0.9% (liver), 5.2 ± 10.0% and 4.3 ± 1.7% (3.0 cm tumour) and 15.0 ± 5.8% and 2.6 ± 0.6% (5.0 cm tumour) were obtained for image set (i) and (ii) respectively. Considering charged particle emissions, accuracies of 2.7 ± 4.1% and 5.7 ± 0.7% (liver), 3.2 ± 10.2% and 9.1 ± 1.7% (3.0 cm tumour) and 13.6 ± 5.7% and 7.0 ± 0.6% (5.0 cm tumour) were obtained for image set (i) and (ii) respectively.ConclusionThe hybrid WB planar-SPECT/CT method proved accurate for I-131-mIBG dosimetry, suggesting its potential for personalized treatment planning.
Salvage surgery following tyrosine kinase inhibitor treatment for advanced non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Kobayashi Masao , Funaki Soichiro , Nagata Hideki , Furukawa Mitsugi , Morii Eiichi , Shintani Yasushi 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
No standard therapy for non-small lung cancer patients that have acquired resistance to tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) therapy has been established. Some can be effectively treated by salvage surgery, though indications for that procedure remain unclear. Reported here is the clinical course of a patient who experienced early post-operative distant metastases.

Case presentation
A 48-year-old woman without symptoms was referred to another hospital for abnormal chest radiography findings and diagnosed with adenocarcinoma of the left lower lobe (cT2aN3M1b, stage IVB; TNM staging 7th edition). Gene mutation analysis revealed positive for epidermal growth factor receptor exon 19 deletion. Afatinib treatment was started, resulting in partial response, though regrowth of the main tumor was noted 1.5 years later. Bronchoscopic re-biopsy findings revealed a T790M point mutation and afatinib was switched to osimertinib. At 1.5 years following the start of osimertinib administration, the primary tumor was found to have regrown again and stereotactic radiation therapy was administered. Findings at 3.5 years after osimertinib administration indicated that all lymph nodes and distant metastases, excluding the primary tumor, were well controlled, and the patient was referred to our hospital for salvage surgery. Osimertinib was discontinued, and a left lower lobectomy with a left lingular segmentectomy and pleural biopsy were performed. The patient was discharged following an uneventful postoperative course. Three days after discharge, glossodynia developed and examination findings revealed tongue metastasis. The symptoms improved following re-administration of osimertinib, though right adrenal gland metastasis appeared 8 months after surgery. Radiation therapy was performed for tongue and right adrenal gland metastases, and the patient was alive 1 year after salvage surgery without out-of-control lesion appearing after the radiation therapy under the administration of osimertinib.

Conclusion
The present patient experienced multiple instances of systemic recurrence after undergoing salvage surgery. Experience with this case indicates that systemic therapy is essential for patients with distant metastatic lung cancer even following salvage surgery for the primary tumor.
Portfolio management under capital market frictions: a grey clustering approach
Authors: Ţilică Elena Valentina , Dragotă Victor , Delcea Camelia , Tătaru Răzvan Ioan 
Published: June 2024

AbstractInternational portfolio management is influenced by the existence of “frictions”, factors or events that interfere with trade, which are linked in financial literature to market-specific factors, such as available information, restrictions, investor protection, or market liquidity. Given the wide variety of factors that can be included in these categories, scientific studies typically focus on a reduced number of indicators at a time in order to offer an in depth analysis of their impact. We offer a consolidated view of the perspectives observed in financial literature by proposing a novel index for market frictions that includes all these four components and rank fifteen post-communist East European capital markets based on their index values. We then constructed various scenarios by assuming different levels of importance for the criteria used in index construction. By employing grey clustering analysis, we cluster these capital markets into three categories—strongly recommended, recommended with some reserve, and not recommended—based on the importance given by the decision maker to these factors. The results show that some of the studied markets are in the same cluster, irrespective of the chosen scenario. The only market always included in the “strongly recommended” category is Hungary, indicating that it is a good investment option for international participants. Bulgaria and Slovakia are always regarded as “recommended with reserve” markets, whereas the Republic of Moldova is part of the “not recommended” category. The other markets show a degree of variability that can be explained by different investor perspectives. This study contributes to the existing literature by combining the advantages of grey clustering and portfolio analysis. Investors can use this approach during the decision-making process related to their investments.
Transcriptome and differential expression analysis revealed the pathogenic-related genes in Magnaporthe oryzae during leaf and panicle infection
Authors: Du Yan , Liang Dong , Qi Zhongqiang , Yu Junjie , Zhang Rongsheng , Song Tianqiao , Yu Mina , Cao Huijuan , Pan Xiayan , Wang Shuchen , Qiao Junqing , Liu Youzhou , Liu Yongfeng 
Published: June 2024

AbstractMagnaporthe oryzae is one of the most destructive pathogens that threaten rice production around the world. Previous studies mainly focus on pathogenic mechanism of M. oryzae during infection on rice at leaf stage. However, the pathogenic mechanism of M. oryzae infection on panicle tissue is not well understood. In the present study, we performed RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) to study gene expression patterns of M. oryzae during infection at leaf stage and at panicle stage, respectively. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of M. oryzae in the infected leaf and panicle tissues were analyzed. Gene ontology (GO) enrichment analysis of DEGs revealed that M. oryzae genes involved in the biological processes were different at leaf and panicle stages. Furthermore, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis of DEGs indicates that genes related to individual and important pathways may function at different infection stages. In particular, CAZymes carbohydrate esterases (CEs), carbohydrate-binding modules (CBMs), and glycoside hydrolases (GHs) may play important roles during M. oryzae infection on rice leaves, while glycosyltransferases (GTs) and GHs may play important roles during infection at rice panicle stage. Further analysis of effectors (BAS3, BAS113, BAS162, MoCDIP4, and MoHEG13) and their homologous genes suggest that they are involved in host defense suppression. Our findings provide insights into understanding the infection mechanisms of M. oryzae for rice leaf blast and panicle blast disease.
Hypoglycemic and hepatoprotective activity of Phellinus fastuosus on streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats and carbon tetrachloride-intoxicated rats, respectively
Authors: Sonawane Hiralal , Shelke Deepak , Arya Sagar , Ghole Vikram , Behra Bhaskar , Gaikwad Subhash 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
Phellinus fastuosus is a wood-eating medicinal fungus from Western Ghats of India. Therefore, we investigated hypoglycemic and hepatoprotective effects of P. fastuosus aqueous extract on streptozotocin-induced diabetic and carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) induced hepatotoxicity in rats, respectively.

Result
As compared to the diabetic control group, a 400 mg/kg dose had significant hypoglycemic effects, including a reduction in blood glucose (24.44%) and gain in body weight. Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activity reduced by 31.81% and 32.84%, respectively, were also noted, along with decreases in triglycerides (24.32%) and cholesterol (25.89%) levels. The albumin, bilirubin and creatinine levels were also significantly reduced after administration of P. fastuosus extract in diabetic rats. Administration of P. fastuosus extract showed a substantial decrease in the activity of ALT, AST, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in addition a decrease in the level of lipid peroxidation (LPO) as compared to CCl4-intoxicated rats. The cumulative effect of CCl4 increased the erythrocyte membrane peroxidation, whereas P. fastuosus extract reduced the cholesterol and increased phospholipid, thus preventing the alteration of membrane fluidity as compared to CCl4-intoxicated rats. FTIR and HR-LC-MS-based metabolic profiling revealed the presence of various functional groups and bioactive metabolites.

Conclusion
The extract showed the hypoglycemic and hepatoprotective effects due to the presence of various bioactive metabolites. Exploration of therapeutic potential of P. fastuosus using bioassay-guided fractionation is needed.
A hybrid encryption approach for efficient and secure data transmission in IoT devices
Authors: Zhang Limin , Wang Li 
Published: June 2024

AbstractSecurity is a crucial concern in the Internet of Things (IoT) ecosystem. Due to IoT devices' constrained processing and storage resources, providing reliable security solutions is challenging. Encryption is one of the most commonly used techniques to secure user data against unauthorized access. Therefore, it is essential to develop encryption solutions that have minimal impact on the performance of IoT devices. This study introduces a hybrid encryption approach that combines symmetric blowfish encryption with asymmetric elliptic curves. Blowfish encryption is used to encrypt large volumes of data, which could otherwise affect the execution time.In contrast, elliptic curve cryptography is utilized to ensure the security of the private key, which has a small size and does not increase the execution time significantly. The suggested approach provides advantages of both asymmetric and symmetric encryption methods, leading to an improvement in throughput and a reduction in execution time. The proposed approach was evaluated, yielding promising results in comparison to other cryptographic algorithms. The results show the optimization of more than 15% in the execution time and the efficiency increase by the proposed solution. This improvement represents security with the least impact on processing resources.
Benign Natural Progression of Small Cavernous Carotid Aneurysms Suggests Limited Clinical Utility of Serial Longitudinal Follow-up
Authors: Jha Rohan , Zhao Maryann , Ghannam Jack Y. , Blitz Sarah , Chalif Joshua I. , Altshuler Marcelle , Du Rose 
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:
Aneurysms in the cavernous segment of the internal carotid artery (ICA) often present in an indolent fashion with limited morbidity. However, their growth progression and possible rupture over time remains poorly defined, thereby limiting optimization of serial follow-up. Thus, we aim to describe the progression of cavernous ICA aneurysms over time, as well as the patient and aneurysm characteristics associated with possible growth and rupture status.

METHODS:
We identified a consecutive cohort of 157 patients from 2007 to 2021 with cavernous ICA aneurysms. Patient demographic data, possible risk factors, presenting symptoms, radiographic features of aneurysms, size progression, rupture status, and concomitant noncavernous aneurysm rupture data were manually extracted.

RESULTS:
One hundred and fifty-seven patients (mean age at diagnosis 57.2 ± 15.6 years; 85.4% females) with 174 cavernous carotid aneurysms (CCAs) were followed for an average of 7.1 ± 4.8 years. 76.4% of aneurysms were identified incidentally, with predominantly ocular palsies as the presenting symptoms in remaining primary cases. Most aneurysms were small, and of the 168 aneurysms that were followed, 98.2% did not demonstrate appreciable growth. Of the aneurysms that grew, it took an average of 6.0 years to grow 1.6 ± 0.2 mm. Demographic data, hypertension, and smoking status were not associated with aneurysm growth. Most radiographic features also were not associated with growth, except long-axis diameter, which had an odds ratio of 1.4 (CI: 1.2, 1.8) on multivariable analysis. Presenting clinical symptoms were not associated with growth. No CCAs ruptured during follow-up.

CONCLUSION:
Cavernous ICA aneurysms in our series demonstrate no rupture and limited growth over years of clinical follow-up. No radiographic or patient risk factors were associated with growth except initial aneurysm size. Hence, small CCAs may not require close follow-up over time.
Shortened Cerebral Circulation Time Predicts Resistance to Obliteration in High-Flow Brain Arteriovenous Malformations After Stereotactic Radiosurgery
Authors: Loo Jing Kai , Hu Yong-Sin , Kao Wei-Lun , Yang Huai-Che , Lee Cheng-Chia , Wu Hsiu-Mei , Luo Chao-Bao , Guo Wan-Yuo , Liu Kang-Du , Chung Wen-Yuh , Lin Chung-Jung 
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:
Treatment selection for brain arteriovenous malformations (BAVMs) is complicated by BAVM size, location, and hemodynamics. Quantitative digital subtraction angiography is used to quantify the hemodynamic impact of BAVMs on cerebral circulation. This study investigated the association between cerebral circulation time and the complete obliteration (CO) rate of BAVMs after stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS).

METHODS:
We analyzed the data of 143 patients who underwent SRS for BAVMs between January 2011 and December 2019 in our institute. Their pre-SRS magnetic resonance imaging and angiography images were analyzed to acquire BAVM characteristics and quantitative digital subtraction angiography parameters. Modified cerebral circulation time (mCCT) was defined as the time difference between the bolus arrival time of the ipsilateral cavernous internal carotid artery and that of the parietal vein, as determined from the lateral view of images obtained using digital subtraction angiography. Cox regression with hazard ratios and Kaplan-Meier analyses were conducted to determine the associations between the parameters and BAVM CO after SRS.

RESULTS:
Of the 143 patients, 101 (70.6%) achieved BAVM CO. According to the multivariate analyses, an increased mCCT (hazard ratio: 1.24, P = .041) was the independent factor associated with BAVM CO after adjustment for age, sex, hemorrhagic presentation, a BAVM volume of >5 cm3, and a margin dose of >18 Gy. Individuals with an mCCT of ≤2.32 s had a lower 36-month probability of BAVM CO than did those with an mCCT of >2.32 s (44.1% ± 6.8% vs 63.3% ± 5.6%, P = .034).

CONCLUSION:
The hemodynamic impact of high-flow BAVM demonstrated by a shortened mCCT is associated with a lower BAVM CO rate after SRS.
Specific electromyography characteristics can distinguish longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis from congestive myelopathy due to spinal dural arteriovenous fistula: a retrospective study
Authors: Zhao Jiao , Lin Ye , Xu Shiyang , Lu Minghui , Huang Dehui , Guan Weiping 
Published: June 2024

Aims/Background Although electromyography has been extensively used in the diagnosis of neurological diseases, there is no comprehensive understanding of the electromyography manifestations of spinal dural arteriovenous fistula. Given the widespread use of electromyography in the diagnosis of neurological conditions, it is worthwhile to holistically analyse the electromyography findings of spinal dural arteriovenous fistula to differentiate it from neurological diseases that share similar clinical manifestations. The aim of this study is to evaluate whether electromyography can distinguish spinal dural arteriovenous fistula from longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis. Methods We holistically reviewed files of all patients who were diagnosed with spinal dural arteriovenous fistula or longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis at The First Medical Centre of PLA General Hospital from 1 January 2010 to 31 December 2020. We compared the symptomology, epidemiology, and imaging results of patients with spinal dural arteriovenous fistula and longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis, placing emphasis on their electromyography manifestations. Student’s t test was used to analyse normally distributed data, while Chi-square test was used to compare classification statistics. Results Lesions of spinal dural arteriovenous fistula shown on images tend to appear at lower lumbar and sacral segments, whereas lesions of the cervical and upper thoracic segments are more characteristic of longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis. Spinal dural arteriovenous fistula patients and longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis patients overlap in terms of clinical manifestations. After comparison, the two groups of patients had different demographics (age, sex), onset mode, predisposing factors before onset, and electromyographic features. The electromyographic features of patients with spinal dural arteriovenous fistula were associated with neurogenic damage (p < 0.001). Conclusions In patients with spinal dural arteriovenous fistula, electromyography can help clinicians to identify early disease, avoid patient treatment delay, and eliminate unnecessary treatment.
Nd3+-doped double-clad fluoro-sulfo-phosphate fiber for a compact kilohertz-linewidth single-frequency laser
Authors: Zhu Jinzhong , Xiao Yongbao , Ji Yao , Li Jialong , Yang Changsheng , Zhao Qilai , Wang Weichao , Zhang Qinyuan 
Published: June 2024

The utilization of single-frequency fiber lasers spans critical domains including gravitational wave detection, coherent optical communication, and atomic physics. Glass fibers doped with rare earth ions serve as pivotal gain media for them, and the quest for advanced fiber matrices is paramount. Herein, a newly developed Nd3+-doped AlF3-Na2SO4-KPO3-Zn(PO3)2 glass is reported. The glass showcases exceptional attributes including high anti-crystallization stability (>150∘C), elastic modulus (75 GPa), chemical durability (8.1×10−7g⋅cm−2⋅min−1), Nd3+ concentration (>1020ions/cm3), broad effective linewidth (45 nm), and extended lifetime (465 µs), surpassing those of conventional silica and phosphate glasses. Moreover, a custom-designed double-clad Nd3+-doped fiber with a net gain coefficient of 3.2 dB/cm at 1064 nm is fabricated, and single-frequency laser output with a narrow linewidth of 11 kHz has been obtained utilizing a 1.4-cm-long fiber, indicating the potential of this fiber as a promising gain medium for ultra-narrow-linewidth single-frequency fiber lasers.
Efficacy of Zinc Fortified and Fermented Wheat Flour (EZAFFAW): A randomized controlled trial protocol
Authors: Das Jai K. , Padhani Zahra Ali , Khan Muhammad , Mirani Mushtaq , Rizvi Arjumand , Chauhadry Imran Ahmed , Yasin Rahima , Ismail Tariq , Akhtar Saeed , Begum Kehkashan , Iqbal Junaid , Humayun Khadija , Naseem Hamna Amir , Malik Kauser Abdulla , Bhutta Zulfiqar A. 
Published: June 2024

Background
Zinc deficiency poses significant health risks, particularly in low-income settings. This study aims to evaluate the impact of agronomically zinc biofortified (fermented and non-fermented) and post-harvest wheat flour flatbread on zinc status and metabolic health in adolescents and adult women in rural Pakistan.

Methods
A four-arm triple-blind randomized controlled trial will be conducted in a rural district of Pakistan. Participants (adolescents aged 10–19 and adult women aged 20–40) will be assigned to receive fermented or unfermented high zinc agronomically biofortified wheat flour flatbread, post-harvest zinc-fortified wheat flour flatbread, or low zinc conventional whole wheat flour flatbread. The meal would be served once a day, six days a week for six months. The study aims to enroll 1000 participants and will be analyzed based on the intention-to-treat principle. The trial is registered with number NCT06092515.

Outcomes
Primary outcomes will include serum zinc concentration and metabolic markers, while secondary outcomes include anthropometric measurements, blood pressure, and dietary intake.

Conclusion
This trial will provide valuable insights into the efficacy of agronomically zinc biofortified wheat flour in improving zinc status and metabolic health. Findings may inform public health strategies to combat zinc deficiency in resource-limited settings.
Use of TC-325 Hemostatic Powder as a Rescue Monotherapy for Management of Rectal Variceal Bleed
Authors: Tabet Aoul Amel , Mupparuju Vamsee , Cirillo Jonathan , Chandrupatla Sreekanth , Jordan Jeffrey , Castano Maria , Oyesanmi Olugbenga 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT
The use of the endoscopic hemostatic powder TC-325 as a rescue monotherapy or as an adjunct agent in achieving hemostasis has been studied in upper gastrointestinal variceal bleeds and nonvariceal lower gastrointestinal bleeds with promising results. In this report, we describe a case of a successful use of TC-325 as rescue monotherapy to manage rectal variceal bleeding in a patient with alcohol-related cirrhosis with no report of bleeding recurrence and no side effects within the first 7 days, 30 days, or 6 months.