bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Soft tissue elasticity at teeth and implant sites. A novel outcome measure of the soft tissue phenotype
Authors: Tavelli Lorenzo , Barootchi Shayan 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAimTo assess ultrasonographic tissue elasticity at teeth and implant sites and its variation after peri‐implant soft tissue augmentation with a connective tissue graft (CTG).MethodsTwenty‐eight patients, each contributing with one clinically healthy dental implant exhibiting a soft tissue dehiscence (PSTD), were included. Implant sites were augmented with CTG and monitored over 12 months. Ultrasonographic strain elastography, expressed as strain ratios (SR1, SR2, and SR3, respectively) was assessed at baseline, 6‐, and 12‐month, and compared with the corresponding contralateral homologous natural tooth. SR1 assessed the strain/elasticity of the midfacial coronal portion of the soft tissue in comparison to the natural tooth crown/implant‐supported crown, SR2 evaluated the strain of the midfacial coronal soft tissue in relation to the one of the alveolar mucosa, while SR3 depicted the strain of the midfacial soft tissue in relation to the interproximal soft tissue on the transverse ultrasound scan.ResultsSR1 in natural dentition and at implant sites was 0.20 ± 0.08 and 0.30 ± 0.14, respectively (p = .002), indicating that the coronal portion of the soft tissue around teeth is generally more elastic than its counterpart around dental implants. Soft tissue augmentation with CTG promoted an increased stiffness of the midfacial coronal portion of the soft tissue over 12 months (p < .001 for SR1, SR2, and SR3). Strain ratios at the 12‐month time points were significantly higher than the values observed at 6 months (p < .001). Regression analysis demonstrated that strain elastography ratios in natural dentition were significantly associated with keratinized gingiva width, and gingival thickness. At implant sites, SR1 was significantly associated with keratinized mucosa width and mucosal thickness (p < .001 for both correlations), SR2 was significantly associated with keratinized mucosa width (p = .013), and SR3 was significantly associated with the surgical technique performed in combination with CTG (p = .022).ConclusionUltrasound strain elastography captures and quantifies tissue elasticity and its changes after soft tissue augmentation. A different baseline tissue elasticity was observed between teeth and dental implants in the most coronal aspect of the soft tissue. The main factors affecting tissue elasticity‐related outcomes were the keratinized tissue width, and mucosal thickness.
Effect of dietary macronutrients and immune challenge on gut microbiota, physiology and feeding behaviour in zebra finches
Authors: Love Ashley C. , Tabb Victoria , Youssef Noha H. , Wilder Shawn M. , DuRant Sarah E. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractMacronutrients play a vital role in host immunity and can influence host–pathogen dynamics, potentially through dietary effects on gut microbiota. To increase our understanding of how dietary macronutrients affect physiology and gut microbiota and investigate whether feeding behaviour is influenced by an immune threat, we conducted two experiments. First, we determined whether zebra finches (Taeniopygia guttata) exhibit shifts in physiology and gut microbiota when fed diets differing in macronutrient ratios. We found the type and amount of diet consumed affected gut microbiota alpha diversity, where microbial richness and Shannon diversity increased with caloric intake in birds fed a high‐fat diet and decreased with caloric intake in birds fed a high protein diet. Diet macronutrient content did not affect physiological metrics, but lower caloric intake was associated with higher complement activity. In our second experiment, we simulated an infection in birds using the bacterial endotoxin lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and quantified feeding behaviour in immune challenged and control individuals, as well as birds housed near either a control pair (no immune threat), or birds housed near a pair given an immune challenge with LPS (social cue of heightened infection risk). We also examined whether social cues of infection alter physiological responses relevant to responding to an immune threat, an effect that could be mediated through shifts in feeding behaviour. LPS induced a reduction in caloric intake driven by a decrease in protein, but not fat consumption. No evidence was found for socially induced shifts in feeding behaviour, physiology or gut microbiota. Our findings carry implications for host health, as sickness‐induced anorexia and diet‐induced shifts in the microbiome could shape host–pathogen interactions.
Rehmapicrogenin attenuates lipopolysaccharide‐induced podocyte injury and kidney dysfunctions by regulating nuclear factor E2‐related factor 2/antioxidant response element signalling
Authors: Ma Xiaohong , Li Guandong , Shi Yufeng , Shang Zhitao 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundApoptosis and oxidative stress in kidneys are critical players in acute kidney injury (AKI). Rehmapicrogenin, a monomeric compound extracted from Rehmanniae radix, has been found to possess nitric oxide inhibitory and anti‐inflammatory activities. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the roles and mechanisms of rehmapicrogenin in AKI.MethodsLipopolysaccharide (LPS) was used to induce AKI‐like conditions. Cell survival conditions were detected by cell counting kit‐8 assays and flow cytometry. Several renal function markers including blood urea nitrogen, proteinuria, creatinine, and albumin were measured. Apoptosis and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production were examined by TUNEL and dihydroethidium staining, respectively. Haematoxylin–eosin staining and periodic acid‐Schiff staining were conducted to assess histopathological changes. Gene expression was evaluated by western blotting, commercially available kits and immunofluorescence staining.ResultsFor in vitro analysis, rehmapicrogenin inhibited the LPS‐induced podocyte apoptosis by activating the Nrf2/ARE pathway. For in vivo analysis, rehmapicrogenin improved renal functions in LPS‐induced mice. Additionally, rehmapicrogenin suppressed LPS‐induced podocyte apoptosis and oxidative stress in kidney tissues. Mechanistically, rehmapicrogenin activated the Nrf2/ARE pathway in LPS‐induced mice.ConclusionRehmapicrogenin relieves the podocyte injury and renal dysfunctions through activating the Nrf2/ARE pathway to inhibit apoptosis and oxidative stress.image
“We are not the person we will be when these things happen:” Reflections on personhood from an ethnography of neuropalliative care
Authors: Sofronas Marianne , Carnevale Franco A. , Macdonald Mary Ellen , Bitzas Vasiliki , Wright David Kenneth 
Published: June 2024

AbstractNeuropalliative care developed to address the needs of patients living with life‐limiting neurologic disease. One critical consideration is that disease‐related changes to cognition, communication, and function challenge illness experiences and care practices. We conducted an ethnography to understand neuropalliative care as a phenomenon; how it was experienced, provided, conceptualized. Personhood served as our conceptual framework; with its long philosophical history and important place in nursing theory, we examined the extent to which it captured neuropalliative experiences and concerns. Personhood contextualized complex losses, aligning the impact of functional and relational changes. Cognition, communication, and functional alterations stretched conceptions of personhood, insinuating it can be relational, fluid, adaptive. Although normative conceptions of personhood guided research and decision‐making, ethical considerations suggested personhood could be transformed, remade. We consider the implications of our findings through three themes. First, we examine how literature on illness experience fails to integrate the realities of people living with and dying from neurologic disease; we counter this by interrogating the concept of experience. Second, we turn to Ricoeur's work on recognition to illuminate relational conceptions of personhood to inform care practices. Finally, we reflect on how personhood can bridge the gap left by functional changes, enhance relational engagement, and promote dignity at the end of life.
Pain perception as hierarchical Bayesian inference: A test case for the theory of constructed emotion
Authors: Poublan‐Couzardot Arnaud , Talmi Deborah 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAn intriguing perspective about human emotion, the theory of constructed emotion considers emotions as generative models according to the Bayesian brain hypothesis. This theory brings fresh insight to existing findings, but its complexity renders it challenging to test experimentally. We argue that laboratory studies of pain could support the theory because although some may not consider pain to be a genuine emotion, the theory must at minimum be able to explain pain perception and its dysfunction in pathology. We review emerging evidence that bear on this question. We cover behavioral and neural laboratory findings, computational models, placebo hyperalgesia, and chronic pain. We conclude that there is substantial evidence for a predictive processing account of painful experience, paving the way for a better understanding of neuronal and computational mechanisms of other emotions.
Flow sensing on dragonfly wings
Authors: Uhrhan Myriam J. , Bomphrey Richard J. , Lin Huai‐Ti 
Published: June 2024

AbstractOne feature of animal wings is their embedded mechanosensory system that can support flight control. Insect wings are particularly interesting as they are highly deformable yet the actuation is limited to the wing base. It is established that strain sensors on insect wings can directly mediate reflexive control; however, little is known about airflow sensing by insect wings. What information can flow sensors capture and how can flow sensing benefit flight control? Here, we use the dragonfly (Sympetrum striolatum) as a model to explore the function of wing sensory bristles in the context of flight control. Combining our detailed anatomical reconstructions of both the sensor microstructures and wing architecture, we used computational fluid dynamics simulations to ask the following questions. (1) Are there strategic locations on wings that sample flow for estimating aerodynamically relevant parameters such as the local effective angle of attack? (2) Is the sensory bristle distribution on dragonfly wings optimal for flow sensing? (3) What is the aerodynamic effect of microstructures found near the sensory bristles on dragonfly wings? We discuss the benefits of flow sensing for flexible wings and how the evolved sensor placement affects information encoding.
Forest canopy height modelling based on photogrammetric data and machine learning methods
Authors: Deng Xingsheng , Liu Yujing , Cheng Xingdong 
Published: June 2024

AbstractForest topographic survey is a problem that photogrammetry has not solved for a long time. Forest canopy height is a crucial forest biophysical parameter which is used to derive essential information about forest ecosystems. In order to construct a canopy height model in forest areas, this study extracts spectral feature factors from digital orthophoto map and geometric feature factors from digital surface model, which are generated through aerial photogrammetry and LiDAR (light detection and ranging). The maximum information coefficient, Pearson, Kendall, Spearman correlation coefficients, and a new proposed index of relative importance are employed to assess the correlation between each feature factor and forest vertical heights. Gradient boosting decision tree regression is introduced and utilised to construct a canopy height model, which enables the prediction of unknown canopy height in forest areas. Two additional machine learning techniques, namely random forest regression and support vector machine regression, are employed to construct canopy height model for comparative analysis. The data sets from two study areas have been processed for model training and prediction, yielding encouraging experimental results that demonstrate the potential of canopy height model to achieve prediction accuracies of 0.3 m in forested areas with 50% vegetation coverage and 0.8 m in areas with 99% vegetation coverage, even when only a mere 10% of the available data sets are selected as model training data. The above approaches present techniques for modelling canopy height in forested areas with varying conditions, which have been shown to be both feasible and reliable.
Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Product (RAGE) Modulates Inflammation During Feeding of the Hard Tick, Haemaphysalis longicornis in Mice
Authors: Anisuzzaman  , Alim Md. Abdul , Matsubyashi Makoto , Hossain Md. Shahadat , Labony Sharmin Shahid , Shanta Ireen Sultana , Ali Md. Haydar , Yamamoto Yasuhiko , Hatta Takeshi , Tsuji Naotoshi 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACTTicks are notorious blood‐sucking ectoparasites that affect both humans and animals. They serve as a unique vector of various deadly diseases. Here, we have shown the roles of the receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) during repeated infestations by the tick Haemaphysalis longicornis using RAGE−/− mice. In primary infestation, a large blood pool developed, which was flooded with numerous RBCs, especially during the rapid feeding phase of the tick both in wild‐type (wt) and RAGE−/− mice. Very few inflammatory cells were detected around the zones of haemorrhage in the primary infestations. However, the number of inflammatory cells gradually increased in the subsequent tick infestations, and during the third infestations, the number of inflammatory cells reached to the highest level (350.3 ± 16.8 cells/focus). The site of attachment was totally occupied by the inflammatory cells in wt mice, whereas very few cells were detected at the ticks' biting sites in RAGE−/− mice. RAGE was highly expressed during the third infestation in wt mice. In the third infestation, infiltration of CD44+ lymphocytes, eosinophils and expression of S100A8 and S100B significantly increased at the biting sites of ticks in wt, but not in RAGE−/− mice. In addition, peripheral eosinophil counts significantly increased in wt but not in RAGE−/− mice. Taken together, our study revealed that RAGE‐mediated inflammation and eosinophils played crucial roles in the tick‐induced inflammatory reactions.
Design and psychometric evaluation of organizational determinants of prenatal dental services questionnaire in Iran
Authors: Abdollahi Monireh , Tehrani Hadi , Jamali Jamshid , Nemati‐Karimooy Atefeh , Gholian‐Aval Mahdi 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAimsThe quality of prenatal dental services is essential for improving the oral health of both mothers and children. However, a lack of a reliable tool to assess the quality of prenatal oral care has hindered research in this area. To address this gap, the study aimed to validate the Organizational Determinants of Prenatal Dental Services Questionnaire (OD_PDS) in Iranian pregnant women.MethodsLiterature reviews, interviews, and a cross‐sectional survey with 300 pregnant women were conducted. To evaluate the validity; face, content and construct validity were assessed. Cronbach's alpha coefficient and the Test‐retest method were used for reliability assessment.ResultsThe final version of the OD_PDS comprises 12 items, and four subscales, which are Costs (four items), Access to Equipment and services (three items), Review of the service delivery process (two items), and Professional Behavior (three items). Questions with a factor loading of less than 0.3 were excluded. The obtained fit indices were acceptable (X2/pdf = 3.383, RMSEA: 0.089, CFI = 0.869, and TLI = 0.820). The content reliability was demonstrated by Cronbach's α  = 0.702 and 0.713 and the ICC  =  0.724.ConclusionThe current study indicates that the OD_PDS is a valid and reliable tool for Prenatal Dental Services assessment in health centers.
A research bibliography for world Englishes and Cultural Linguistics
Authors: Latić Denisa , Polzenhagen Frank , Wolf Hans‐Georg , Peters Arne 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis research bibliography lists some of the hallmark works in the field of Cultural Linguistics and has an exclusive thematic focus on cultural‐linguistic approaches to world Englishes. Therefore, other important and congenial works that have been published under the umbrella of, for example, Conceptual Metaphor Theory (CMT) or deal with langauges other than English are excluded but can be found in the respective references of the individual contributions of this special issue. The research bibliography offers reference works for research strands of the world Englishes framework, such as English language teaching and language use in multicultural and multilingual contexts, as well as language use in the public space. Furthermore, with a collection of publications ranging from the 1980s to most recent state‐of‐the‐art works from the year 2024, the authors identify trends and topical developments in the synthesized research of Cultural Linguistics and world Englishes and offer an outlook on new frontiers in this realm.
Local behavior of the mixed local and nonlocal problems with nonstandard growth
Authors: Ding Mengyao , Fang Yuzhou , Zhang Chao 
Published: June 2024

AbstractWe consider the mixed local and nonlocal functionals with nonstandard growth
with , , and being a bounded domain. We study, utilizing expansion of positivity, local behavior of the minimizers of such problems, involving local boundedness, local Hölder continuity, and Harnack inequality. This solves a problem raised by De Filippis and Mingione [Math. Ann. 388 (2024) 262–328].
Uniform rational polytopes of foliated threefolds and the global ACC
Authors: Liu Jihao , Meng Fanjun , Xie Lingyao 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIn this paper, we show the existence of uniform rational lc polytopes for foliations with functional boundaries in dimension . As an application, we prove the global ACC for foliated threefolds with arbitrary DCC coefficients. We also provide applications on the accumulation points of lc thresholds of foliations in dimension .
On the tau invariants in instanton and monopole Floer theories
Authors: Ghosh Sudipta , Li Zhenkun , Wong C.‐M. Michael 
Published: June 2024

AbstractWe unify two existing approaches to the tau invariants in instanton and monopole Floer theories, by identifying , defined by the second author via the minus flavors and of the knot homologies, with , defined by Baldwin and Sivek via cobordism maps of the 3‐manifold homologies induced by knot surgeries. We exhibit several consequences, including a relationship with Heegaard Floer theory, and use our result to compute and for twist knots.
Corrigendum: Étale cohomology, purity and formality with torsion coefficients
Authors: Cirici Joana , Horel Geoffroy 
Published: June 2024

AbstractProposition 6.9 in (J. Topol. 15 (2022), no. 4, 2270–2297) is incorrect without a connectivity assumption. In this note, we provide a counter‐example, give a correct proof of the modified proposition and explain the other changes that need to be made to [1].
A Machine Learning Framework for Melt-Pool Geometry Prediction and Process Parameter Optimization in the Laser Powder-Bed Fusion Process
Authors: Rahman M. Shafiqur , Sattar Naw Safrin , Ahmed Radif Uddin , Ciaccio Jonathan , Chakravarty Uttam K. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This study presents a cost-effective and high-precision machine learning (ML) method for predicting the melt-pool geometry and optimizing the process parameters in the laser powder-bed fusion (LPBF) process with Ti-6Al-4V alloy. Unlike many ML models, the presented method incorporates five key features, including three process parameters (laser power, scanning speed, and spot size) and two material parameters (layer thickness and powder porosity). The target variables are the melt-pool width and depth that collectively define the melt-pool geometry and give insight into the melt-pool dynamics in LPBF. The dataset integrates information from an extensive literature survey, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modeling, and laser melting experiments. Multiple ML regression methods are assessed to determine the best model to predict the melt-pool geometry. Tenfold cross-validation is applied to evaluate the model performance using five evaluation metrics. Several data pre-processing, augmentation, and feature engineering techniques are performed to improve the accuracy of the models. Results show that the “Extra Trees regression” and “Gaussian process regression” models yield the least errors for predicting melt-pool width and depth, respectively. The ML modeling results are compared with the experimental and CFD modeling results to validate the proposed ML models. The most influential parameter affecting the melt-pool geometry is also determined by the sensitivity analysis. The processing parameters are optimized using an iterative grid search method employing the trained ML models. The presented ML framework offers computational speed and simplicity, which can be implemented in other additive manufacturing techniques to comprehend the critical traits.
Ultrasound-Assisted Synthesis of Novel Undecylenic Estolides: Modeling and Tribological Characterization
Authors: Sanap Prasad Sanjaykumar , Thakur Rohan Sangam Singh , Pratap Amit Prabhakar 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
To overcome the issues related to low-temperature characteristics and thermal degradation of fatty acid-based lubricant base stocks, chemical modification is essential. To mitigate these shortcomings, considering unsaturated undecylenic acid, the formation of estolides is one of the best transformations considering application in lubricants. Ultrasonic-assisted sulfuric acid-catalyzed synthesis of estolides of undecylenic was modeled using response surface methodology (RSM) and subsequently validated using artificial neural network (ANN) for known and unknown input variables. At optimal reaction conditions of reaction temperature of 56 °C, catalyst loading of 0.63 mol equivalent, and reaction time of 1.61 h, estolides with estolide number of 2.58, extraordinary low pour point (PP) of −52 °C, and better resistance to thermal degradation were obtained. The thermal degradation was evaluated using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) to find improved resistance toward degradation due to the formation of estolides. Furthermore, tribological properties like wear characteristics, load carrying capacity, and oxidative stability were studied for 5% blends in SN 70 base oil. The anti-wear ability of the estolides was found to be superior to undecylenic acid, with a lower coefficient of friction, scar diameter, depth, and volume. The blend containing estolide was found to have load carrying capacity as high as 800 kgf. Moreover, owing to the double bond migration during the reaction, the oxidative stability of estolides was found to be inferior to the terminally unsaturated undecylenic acid.