bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The strong broadband microwave absorption properties of FeSiCr@Ni 0.5 Zn 0.5 Fe 2 O 4 composite materials realized by optimizing impedance matching
Authors: Hou Jin , Ma Zirong , Yang Ruoyu , Wu Zhuangzhuang , Song Tianxiu , Zhou Tingdong 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Flaky FeSiCr@Ni0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4 composites were successfully synthesized using ball milling and the hydrothermal method. The microstructure, morphology, and phase composition of flaky FeSiCr@Ni0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4 composites were analyzed using XRD, EDS and SEM techniques, confirming the successful preparation of the composite materials. The electromagnetic wave absorption characteristics of the composite with varying contents of Ni0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4 were comprehensively investigated. The electromagnetic properties of flaky FeSiCr@Ni0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4 composite materials were analyzed by VSM. The results showed a reduction in the real part of the permittivity, but this led to the optimization of impedance matching. This improvement was attributed to the synergistic effect of magnetic loss and dielectric loss, thereby enhancing the overall electromagnetic performance of the composite. The sample prepared with a composition of 40% (wt %) Ni0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4 composite displayed the most pronounced absorption performance. At a frequency of 4.3 GHz, the minimum reflection loss achieved was − 41.3 dB. The maximum effective absorption bandwidth measured 5.6 GHz. Notably, through adjustment of the composite material thickness, the effective absorption bandwidth could be broadened to 10.5 GHz (2.5–13.0 GHz), encompassing the entire C and X bands.
Estimation of mangrove Leaf Area Index from AVIRIS-NG hyperspectral data: Creating a new algorithm for Landsat and Sentinel-2 datasets
Authors: Hati Jyoti Prakash , Chaube Nilima Rani , Hazra Sugata , Pramanick Niloy , Mitra Debashis , Mukhopadhyay Anirban 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

A thorough understanding of the biophysical and biochemical parameters is essential for monitoring mangrove vegetation and identifying environmental and anthropogenic stress. Therefore, in this study, the Leaf Area Index (LAI), which is one of the most important biophysical parameters, were estimated in the Indian Sundarbans using remote sensing and field observations. This study primarily focuses on remote sensing-based LAI assessment using a high-resolution AVIRIS-NG dataset using indices such as the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI). To minimize background influence, mangroves from non-mangroves vegetation were separated based on tree height estimation from Sentinel-1 Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) data. The tree height in the study area ranges from ~ 1–9 m while the range of LAI values was found to be 0.18 to 4.87. The AVIRIS-NG derived EVI showed maximum correlation (R2 = 0.88) with in-situ measured LAI. As there is no repetitive coverage of AVRIS-NG data, a new site-specific solution was also developed for future monitoring using freely available datasets like LANDSAT and Sentinel-2. The results generated in this study will be helpful for monitoring the health of the mangroves and adapting a robust approach for restoration efforts in the future.
B-spline-based material point method with dynamic load balancing technique for large-scale simulation
Authors: Hidano Soma , Pan Shaoyuan , Yoshida Keina , Nomura Reika , Miki Yohei , Kawai Masatoshi , Moriguchi Shuji , Nakajima Kengo , Terada Kenjiro 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

In this study, a dynamic load-balancing (DLB) technique based on the sampling method is developed for MPMs using higher-order B-spline basis functions for parallel MPI calculations based on domain decomposition, in order to perform large-scale, long-duration landslide simulations in realistic computation time. Higher-order B-spline basis functions use a range of influence across cells compared to general shape functions, but this DLB technique dynamically adjusts the size of the computational domain according to the material point distribution, so that the material points are almost equally distributed across all cores. This allows the load bias between cores to be mitigated and the advantages of parallel computation to be fully exploited. Specifically, the novel contribution of this study is that the domain decomposition allows for proper communication between control points, even if the physical regions of the cores are staggered or non-adjacent, and even if the area of influence of B-spline basis functions spans multiple subdomains at this time. In numerical examples, the quasi-3D benchmark solid column collapse problem is computed for multiple core configurations to verify the effectiveness of the DLB method in terms of scalability and parallelization efficiency. The simulation of the full 3D column collapse problem also illustrates the applicability of the proposed DLB method to large-scale disaster simulations. Finally, to demonstrate the promise and capability of the DLB technique in the MPM algorithm, a full-scale size landslide disaster simulation is carried out to illustrate that it can withstand some practical size calculations.
Secure Rider system
Authors: Yadav Suraj Kumar , Yadav Raju Umesh , Ranjane Arayan , Samdani Prof.Preeti 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

This research introduces a groundbreaking approach to enhancing biker safety through an advanced smart helmet system. Comprising two key units - the Bike Unit and the Helmet Unit - meticulously designed to detect accidents in real-time and implement proactive response protocols. Central to the system are dual MPU6050 Accelerometer and Gyroscope Sensor Modules, accurately monitoring bike and helmet orientation, reducing false alarms. Seamless communication between sensors and microcontrollers, facilitated by ESP32 modules, ensures rapid data exchange, with NEO-6M GPS enabling precise location tracking. The Helmet Unit includes touch sensors and a proprietary clip lock mechanism, prioritizing security by avoiding SIM card modules. Integration across units is seamless, with real-time engine status feedback via an indicator light on the Bike Unit.In accidents, the system swiftly establishes an internet connection via a mobile hotspot, transmitting precise GPS coordinates to a designated platform. Leveraging IFTTT, notifications and voice call alerts are dispatched to the user's mobile device for immediate assistance. Continuous safety evaluation post-accident ensures rider well-being until emergency services arrive.This smart helmet system signifies a significant advancement in biker safety, potentially saving lives and reducing road injuries.
Application of Music Therapy in the Treatment of Common Mental Disorders
Authors: Keikhanejad Mohammad Amin 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background
Music therapy has emerged as a promising adjunctive treatment for common mental disorders (CMD) such as generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) and depression. This narrative review investigates the application of music therapy in the treatment of depression and GAD, comparing it with treatments as usual (TAU).
Methods
A comprehensive literature search was conducted in scientific databases including PubMed, Google Scholar, and Science Direct. The search focused on studies published between 2011 and 2023, with key terms like "Music Therapy," "Common Mental Disorders," "Depression," and "Generalized Anxiety Disorders." Meta-analyses and systematic reviews were prioritized for inclusion.
Results
Music therapy demonstrates effectiveness in reducing depressive symptoms and anxiety levels, particularly displaying short-term beneficial effects in individuals with depression. A meta-analysis of 55 randomized clinical trials (RCTs) indicated a significant impact of music therapy on depressive symptoms compared to control groups. For GAD, a meta-analysis of 32 RCTs showed that music therapy effectively alleviates anxiety, likely by redirecting attention from negative stimuli to more pleasant subjects. However, the specific mechanisms of music therapy in GAD treatment require further research.
Conclusions
Music therapy is a valuable therapeutic option for individuals with depression and GAD, showing significant potential in improving mental health outcomes. While the action mechanisms in depression are better understood, further studies are needed to clarify the mechanisms in GAD. These findings highlight the importance of incorporating music therapy into standard treatment protocols for CMD, emphasizing its role in enhancing patient care.
Risk factors for hospitalization due to exacerbations among adult asthma patients in a district of Sri Lanka: a case‒control study.
Authors: Punyadasa Dhanusha Harshinie , Kumarapeli Vindya , Senaratne Wijith 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background
The exacerbation of asthma is a leading contributor to hospitalization. Information on the risk factors for hospitalization due to exacerbated asthma will help to identify high-risk asthma patients for specialized care. We aimed to identify the risk factors for hospitalization due to exacerbations among adult asthma patients in a district of Sri Lanka.
Methods
A hospital-based, case‒control study was carried out on asthma patients aged ≥ 20 years. A total of 466 asthma patients (116 cases, 350 controls) were recruited from all tertiary care hospitals in the district. The data were collected by pre-intern medical officers via a pretested interviewer-administered questionnaire on asthma control, asthma comorbidities, risk behaviors, and physiological and sociodemographic factors. Risk factors were evaluated using bivariate and multivariate logistic regression. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 20.
Results
The risk factors were age ≥ 60 years (OR 2.1; 95% CI 1.2–3.7), educated G.C.E. O/level or less (OR 2.2; 95% CI 1.1–4.4), having diabetes mellitus (OR 2.0; 95% CI 1.1–3.7), having symptomatic gastroesophageal reflux disease (GORD) (OR 3.4; 95% CI 1.8–6.4), exposure to vehicular traffic (OR 3.2; 95% CI 1.8–5.7), exposure to secondhand tobacco smoke (OR 2.1; 95% CI 1.2–3.5), having ever smoked (OR 2.4; 95% CI 1.2–4.6), ever intubated/given ICU care (OR 3.5; 95% CI 1.5-8.0), previous hospitalizations due to exacerbations (OR 5.5; 95% CI 2.6–11.4), having uncontrolled asthma (OR 3.4; 95% CI 1.6–7.1) and having a BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2 (OR 2.3; 95% CI 1.4-4.0).
Conclusions
Preventive strategies need to address the modifiable risk factors smoking and obesity and manage comorbid conditions, diabetes, and symptomatic GORD appropriately in asthma patients.
Temperature-invariant heat conductivity from compensating crystalline and glassy transport: from the Steinbach meteorite to furnace bricks
Authors: Simoncelli Michele , Fournier Daniele , Marangolo Massimiliano , Balan Etienne , Béneut Keevin , Baptiste Benoit , Doisneau Béatrice , Marzari Nicola , Mauri Francesco 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

The thermal conductivities of crystals and glasses vary strongly and with opposite trends upon heating, decreasing in crystals and increasing in glasses. Here, we show—both with first-principles predictions based on the Wigner transport equation and with thermoreflectance experiments—that the dominant transport mechanisms of crystals (particle-like propagation) and glasses (wave-like tunnelling) can coexist and compensate in materials with crystalline bond order and nearly glassy bond geometry. We demonstrate that ideal compensation emerges in a sample of silica in the form of tridymite, carved from a meteorite found in Steinbach (Germany) in 1724, and yields a ‘propagation-tunneling-invariant’ (PTI) conductivity that is independent from temperature and intermediate between the opposite trends of α-quartz crystal and silica glass. We show how such PTI conductivity occurs in the quantum regime below the Debye temperature, and can largely persist at high temperatures in a geometrically amorphous tridymite phase found in refractory bricks fired for years in furnaces for steel smelting. Last, we discuss implications to heat transfer in solids exposed to extreme temperature variations, ranging from planetary cooling to heating protocols to reduce the carbon footprint of industrial furnaces.
Protracted chronic and acute rhinitis: approach to therapy
Authors: Vladimirova T. Yu. , Martynova A. B. 
Published: May 2024

Introduction. The prevalence of acute and chronic rhinitis determines the socio-economic side of the issue and requires effective treatment and improvement of patients’ quality of life.Aim. To study the effectiveness of the Rinofluimucil® in patients with acute and chronic catarrhal rhinitis at the outpatient stage of treatment.Materials and methods. The study was conducted in a group of 82 patients aged 18 to 59 years (average age 37,7 ± 13,1 years) diagnosed with acute rhinitis and chronic catarrhal rhinitis. Two groups were identified: the main group (21 patients with acute rhinitis and 20 patients with chronic rhinitis) and the control group (20 patients with acute rhinitis and 21 patients with chronic rhinitis). The control group received elimination and symptomatic therapy, the main group received endonasal monotherapy with Rinofluimucil®, one dose 3 times a day for 7 days. The effectiveness of the treatment was determined by the dynamics of subjective and objective symptoms.Results and discussion. In patients with acute rhinitis in the main group, the assessment of the amount of nasal discharge and concentration of attention changed by 12,3 and 10,5 times, respectively. In patients with chronic rhinitis, the assessment of the amount of nasal discharge and concentration in the main group changed by 3,3 and 2,6 times, respectively. Restoration of mucociliary clearance to normal with the use of the Rinofluimucil® was observed in patients with both acute rhinitis (18,1 ± 0,4 s) and chronic catarrhal rhinitis (21,3 ± 0,2 s). According to the PARM data, by the 7th day of observation there was an improvement in the average value of the total volumetric flow of nasal breathing in patients with acute and chronic rhinitis in the main group by 1,9 and 2 times, respectively.Conclusions. The data obtained indicate the importance of using the Rinofluimucil® in patients with acute and chronic rhinitis in clinical practice.
Рostural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome
Authors: Orakova F. Kh. , Tkhabisimova I. K. , Khadzugov A. B. , Ligidova R. A. , Kodzokova K. Z. , Mizieva Z. A. , Alborova R. M. , Khazhkasimov M. R. , Makhmaeva M. V. , Vadaeva A. I. 
Published: May 2024

Introduction. Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (SPOT) is a heterogeneous clinical syndrome characterized by an excessive increase in heart rate (HR) in the standing position in the absence of orthostatic hypotension.Aim. To study the change in hemodynamic parameters, heart rate variability (HRV) during the tilt test, as well as to evaluate the indicators of Holter monitoring in patients with SPOT and patients without.Materials and methods. From the patients examined for the presence of disorders of the autonomic nervous system (ANS) associated with orthostasis intolerance, fainting in the anamnesis, persons aged 18 to 40 years were selected. According to the results of the tilt test, the following groups were formed: 1 group – patients with episodes of syncopal states and a negative tilt test, 2 group – patients with a pattern of postural tachycardia (PPT), 3 group – control. All patients underwent standard electrocardiography, Holter monitoring, 24-hour blood pressure monitoring and a long-term passive orthostatic test in accordance with the Westminster Protocol.Results. No deviations were found in all groups based on ECG results, daily ECG monitoring data and blood pressure. Sinus normosystole and normative values of the duration of intervals and ECG waves were observed, the subjects demonstrated normal HRV and SAD and DAD indicators throughout the day. In the first group, an increase in heart rate was observed without a decrease in blood pressure. When assessing HRV during the tilt test, a decrease in the tone of the parasympathetic system was observed in the second group. HRV indicators were analyzed during the day to assess the state of the ANS in the groups. When studying the dynamics of RR intervals, an increase in all HRV indicators at night was recorded.Conclusions. The results indicate a violation of the vegetative response to vertical position in patients with PT, which correlates with orthostatic intolerance and indicates violations of heart rate regulation and an imbalance between sympathetic and parasympathetic activity.
Diagnostic and prognostic value of cardiospecific integrator protein in patients after myocardial infarction
Authors: Heirullin R. R. , Ruzov V. I. , Frolova M. V. 
Published: May 2024

Introduction. Evaluation of the new biomarker cBIN-1(CS) has advantages; its concentration does not depend on volume status, body weight, CKD, in contrast to natriuretic peptides, which seems valuable in the diagnosis of HF.Aim. To study the diagnostic and prognostic value of serum cBIN-1(CS) in patients who have suffered myocardial infarction.Materials and methods. The study analyzed clinical, laboratory and instrumental data of 100 patients on the 7th day after myocardial infarction. Subgroup I included patients with a history of HF, subgroup II included patients with risk factors for developing HF. Studies included echocardiography, TSH, cBIN-1(CS) determination. Over the course of 18 months, clinical outcomes were recorded for participants: a composite endpoint of death due to cardiac causes, incident ADHF, worsening TSH results, and intensification of pharmacotherapy.Results. In patients with a history of HF, the level of cBIN-1(CS) in the blood was 0.871 ng/ml, in the group with risk factors for HF – 0.690 ng/ml. The results of TSH on day 7 are associated with an increase in cBIN-1(CS) content and a decrease in the result by 80.45 m in the STEMI group and by 177.36 m in the NSTEMI group (p = 0.002). ROC-analysis of the probability of a fatal outcome based on the cBIN-1(CS) level showed the area under the ROC curve in subgroup I with an established diagnosis of HF of 0.743 ± 0.098 (p = 0.023), in subgroup II – 0.746 ± 0.146 (p = 0.103). ROC-analysis of the probability of achieving the composite endpoint for each of the patient subgroups showed AUC of 0.859 ± 0.058 and 0.751 ± 0.063 (p < 0.001), respectively. The cBIN-1(CS) value ≥ 0/826 ng/ml (sensitivity 80.0%, specificity 70.6%) can be considered as a marker of unfavorable outcome after myocardial infarction. According to the Kaplan-Meier survival curve for patients after MI, the cut-off value for cBIN-1(CS) is 0.826 ng/ml (p < 0.0001), which was determined to be the most optimal for separating patients into high and low risk of an adverse outcome.Conclusion. The cBIN-1(CS) biomarker has high sensitivity and specificity and can be used as a marker for assessing myocardial reserve after myocardial infarction to predict adverse events.
Connection between сardiac fibrosis biomarkers and echocardiography parameters in patients with various forms of atrial fibrillation
Authors: Kochetkov A. I. , Orlova I. Yu. , Ostroumova O. D. , Lopukhina M. V. , Starodubova A. V. , Korotkova T. N. , Vorozhko I. V. , Landa A. V. , Andrianov A. I. 
Published: May 2024

Introduction. Myocardial fibrosis is often found in atrial fibrillation (AF), but there are no data on its relationship with structural and functional heart damage in various forms of the latter.Aim. To determine the possible relationship between echocardiographic parameters and blood levels of cardiac fibrosis markers (C-terminal propeptide of procollagen type 1, PICP; N-terminal propeptide of procollagen type 1, P3NP; galectin 3; transforming growth factor beta 1, TGF-β1) in patients with different forms of AF.Materials and methods. The study included 50 patients with paroxysmal AF (median age 73 [65.8;76] years, 34 (68%) women) and 34 patients with persistent/permanent forms of AF (median age 77.5 [67.5;81.3] years, 21 (62%) women). Transthoracic echocardiography was performed in all patients using the speckle tracking technique and serum levels of PICP, P3NP, galectin 3 and TGF-β1 were determined.Results. Serum P3NP correlate with E/e’ media (p=0.048, R2 = 0.117) in patients with persistent/permanent forms of AF. PICP level correlated with the average strain of the left atrium (LA) in patients with persistent/permanent forms of AF (p = 0.01, R2 = 0.189). The blood level of galectin 3 correlated with E/e’ media in the general cohort of patients with AF and in the group of patients with persistent/permanent forms of AF (p = 0.005, R2 = 0.095 and p = 0.027, R2 = 0.144, respectively), and with global longitudinal strain of the left ventricle (LV) – in the group of patients with paroxysmal AF (p = 0.044, R2 = 0.084). The serum TGF-β1 correlated with E/e’ media (p = 0.013, R2 = 0.074) in the general cohort of patients with AF and with values of the global longitudinal LV strain (p = 0.027, R2 = 0.099) in the group of patients with paroxysmal AF.Conclusions. Serum levels of PICP, P3NP, galectin-3 and TGF-β1 correlate with the values of E/e’ media, global longitudinal LV strain and average LA strain. An integrated approach, including standard echocardiography, Speckle Tracking echocardiography, and determination of the level of fibrosis biomarkers in the blood can help to more accurately assess the degree of cardiac fibrosis in a noninvasive way in patients with various forms of AF.
Research on the multiphase flow in a sludge concentrated tank and its structural optimization
Authors: Nan Xuan , Li Xiaojun , Zhu Shibin , Chen Yuqiang , Chen Yang , Liu Guidong , Liu Xinxin 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT

This study primarily discusses the influence of internal structure on the performance of sludge concentrators. The focus is to evaluate the influence of internal structural changes on the improvement of sludge settling and clarifying efficiency through numerical simulation, so as to achieve the optimal design of sludge settling equipment parameters. The results show that with the increase of the bottom outlet width of the cone guide blade, the turbulence decreases, and the sludge thickening efficiency is significantly increased by about 27.1%, from 0.01036 at 300 mm to 0.0132 at 500 mm, which significantly improves the sludge settling and thickening efficiency. Also, the addition of the extended deflector significantly increased the bottom sludge settling concentration from 0.0129 to 0.0134 by about 3.87% and reduced the outlet suspended matter by about 13.6%. Obviously, the influence of effluent width and extended diversion length on sludge settling efficiency and water purification cannot be ignored. Therefore, an optimal design that takes into account the outlet width and the length of the extended deflector is critical to achieve optimal sludge concentration and water quality in the sludge concentrator. These findings provide numerical theoretical insights for improving the performance of sludge thickeners and the efficiency of water treatment.