bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
First-Line Treatment for Primary Testicular Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma With Rituximab-CHOP, CNS Prophylaxis, and Contralateral Testis Irradiation: Final Results of an International Phase II Trial
Authors: Vitolo Umberto , Chiappella Annalisa , Ferreri Andrés J.M. , Martelli Maurizio , Baldi Ileana , Balzarotti Monica , Bottelli Chiara , Conconi Annarita , Gomez Henry , Lopez-Guillermo Armando , Martinelli Giovanni , Merli Francesco , Novero Domenico , Orsucci Lorella , Pavone Vincenzo , Ricardi Umberto , Storti Sergio , Gospodarowicz Mary K. , Cavalli Franco , Sarris Andreas H. , Zucca Emanuele 
Published: June 2011

Purpose Primary testicular lymphoma (PTL) has poor prognosis with failures in contralateral testis, CNS, and extranodal sites. To prevent these events, we designed an international phase II trial (International Extranodal Lymphoma Study Group 10 [IELSG-10]) that addressed feasibility and activity of conventional chemoimmunotherapy associated with CNS prophylaxis and contralateral testis irradiation. The trial was conducted by the IELSG and the Italian Lymphoma Foundation. Patients and Methods Fifty-three patients (age 22 to 79 years) with untreated stage I or II PTL were treated with six to eight courses of rituximab added to cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone (R-CHOP) every 21 days (R-CHOP21); four doses of intrathecal methotrexate (IT-MTX) and radiotherapy (RT) to the contralateral testis (30 Gy) for all patients and to regional lymph nodes (30 to 36 Gy) for stage II disease. Results All patients received R-CHOP21, 50 received CNS prophylaxis, and 47 received testicular RT. With a median follow-up of 65 months, 5-year progression-free survival and overall survival rates were 74% (95% CI, 59% to 84%) and 85% (95% CI, 71% to 92%), respectively. Ten patients relapsed or progressed: two in lymph nodes, five in extranodal organs, and three in the CNS. The 5-year cumulative incidence of CNS relapse was 6% (95% CI, 0% to 12%). No contralateral testis relapses occurred. Ten patients died: lymphoma (n = 6), secondary leukemia (n = 2), heart failure (n = 1), and gastric cancer (n = 1). Grade 3 to 4 toxicities were neutropenia, 28%; infections, 4%; and neurologic, 13%. No deaths occurred as a result of toxicity. Conclusion This international prospective trial shows that combined treatment with R-CHOP21, IT-MTX, and testicular RT was associated with a good outcome in patients with PTL. RT avoided contralateral testis relapses, but CNS prophylaxis deserves further investigation.
Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor Polymorphism, Smoking Behavior, and Tobacco-Related Cancer and Lung and Cardiovascular Diseases: A Cohort Study
Authors: Kaur-Knudsen Diljit , Bojesen Stig E. , Tybjærg-Hansen Anne , Nordestgaard Børge G. 
Published: June 2011

Purpose We examined the associations between the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor polymorphism (rs1051730) on chromosome 15q25 marking the gene cluster CHRNA3-CHRNB4-CHRNA5, smoking behavior, and tobacco-related cancer and lung and cardiovascular diseases in the general population. Methods Ten thousand three hundred thirty participants from the Copenhagen City Heart Study were genotyped and observed prospectively with up to 18 years of 100% complete follow-up. Smoking behavior was measured at baseline. End points were lung cancer, bladder cancer, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, ischemic heart disease, and ischemic stroke. Results Multifactorially adjusted and genotype-adjusted subhazard ratios for a cumulative tobacco consumption above 40 pack-years versus 0 pack-years were 32.5 (95% CI, 12.0 to 87.7) for lung cancer, 2.2 (95% CI, 1.1 to 4.5) for bladder cancer, 9.4 (95% CI, 6.9 to 12.7) for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, 1.5 (95% CI, 1.3 to 1.8) for ischemic heart disease, and 1.1 (95% CI, 0.8 to 1.4) for ischemic stroke. Among smoking noncarriers and homozygotes, daily tobacco consumption was 16 and 18 g/d (P < .001), cumulative tobacco consumption was 28 and 31 pack-years (P = .003), and smoking inhalation was 71.9% and 78.1% (P < .001), respectively. Multifactorially adjusted and smoking behavior–adjusted subhazard ratios for homozygotes versus noncarriers were 1.6 (95% CI, 1.1 to 2.2) for lung cancer, 1.7 (95% CI, 1.0 to 3.0) for bladder cancer, 1.3 (95% CI, 1.1 to 1.6) for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, 0.9 (95% CI, 0.7 to 1.0) for ischemic heart disease, and 1.1 (95% CI, 0.8 to 1.4) for ischemic stroke. Conclusion Although smoking is associated with major tobacco-related diseases in the general population, the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor polymorphism is associated with additional increased risk of lung cancer, bladder cancer, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease after adjustment for smoking.
Impact of KRAS and BRAF Gene Mutation Status on Outcomes From the Phase III AGITG MAX Trial of Capecitabine Alone or in Combination With Bevacizumab and Mitomycin in Advanced Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Price Timothy J. , Hardingham Jennifer E. , Lee Chee K. , Weickhardt Andrew , Townsend Amanda R. , Wrin Joseph W. , Chua Ann , Shivasami Aravind , Cummins Michelle M. , Murone Carmel , Tebbutt Niall C. 
Published: June 2011

Purpose Mutations affecting the KRAS gene are established predictive markers of outcome with anti–epithelial growth factor receptor (EGFR) antibodies in advanced colorectal cancer (CRC). The relevance of these markers for anti–vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) therapy is controversial. This analysis was performed to assess the predictive and prognostic impact of KRAS and BRAF gene mutation status in patients receiving capecitabine with bevacizumab (CG) or capecitabine without bevacizumab in the phase III AGITG MAX (Australasian Gastrointestinal Trials Group MAX) study. Patients and Methods Mutation status was determined for 315 (66.9%) of the original 471 patients. Mutation status was correlated with efficacy outcomes (response rate, progression-free survival [PFS], and overall survival [OS]), and a predictive analyses was undertaken. Results Mutations in KRAS and BRAF genes were observed in 28.8% and 10.6% of patients, respectively. KRAS gene mutation status (wild type [WT] v mutated [MT]) had no prognostic impact for PFS (hazard ratio [HR], 0.89; CI, 0.69 to 1.14) or OS (HR, 0.97; CI, 0.73 to 1.28). BRAF mutation status (WT v MT) was not prognostic for PFS (HR, 0.80; CI, 0.54 to 1.18) but was prognostic for OS (HR, 0.49; CI, 0.33 to 0.73; P = .001). By using the comparison of capecitabine versus capecitabine and bevacizumab (CB) and CB plus mitomycin (CBM), KRAS gene mutation status was not predictive of the effectiveness of bevacizumab for PFS or OS (test for interaction P = .95 and 0.43, respectively). Similarly, BRAF gene mutation status was not predictive of the effectiveness of bevacizumab for PFS or OS (test for interaction P = .46 and 0.32, respectively). Conclusion KRAS gene mutation status was neither prognostic for OS nor predictive of bevacizumab outcome in patients with advanced CRC. BRAF gene mutation status was prognostic for OS but was not predictive of outcome with bevacizumab.
Relationship of CYP21A2 genotype and serum 17-hydroxyprogesterone and cortisol levels in a large cohort of Italian children with premature pubarche
Authors: Ghizzoni Lucia , Cappa Marco , Vottero Alessandra , Ubertini Graziamaria , Carta Daniela , Di Iorgi Natascia , Gasco Valentina , Marchesi Maddalena , Raggi Vera , Ibba Anastasia , Napoli Flavia , Massimi Arianna , Maghnie Mohamad , Loche Sandro , Porzio Ottavia 
Published: June 2011

ObjectivePremature pubarche (PP) is the most frequent sign of nonclassic congenital adrenal hyperplasia (NCCAH) due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency in childhood. The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between the CYP21A2 genotype and baseline and ACTH-stimulated 17-hydroxyprogesterone (17-OHP) and cortisol serum levels in patients presenting with PP.Patients and methodsA total of 152 Italian children with PP were studied. Baseline and ACTH-stimulated 17-OHP and cortisol serum levels were measured and CYP21A2 gene was genotyped in all subjects.ResultsBaseline and ACTH-stimulated serum 17-OHP levels were significantly higher in NCCAH patients than in both heterozygotes and children with idiopathic PP (IPP). Of the patient population, four NCCAH patients (7.3%) exhibited baseline 17-OHP values <2 ng/ml (6 nmol/l). An ACTH-stimulated 17-OHP cutoff level of 14 ng/ml (42 nmol/l) identified by the receiver-operating characteristics curves showed the best sensitivity (90.9%) and specificity (100%) in distinguishing NCCAH patients. This value, while correctly identifying all unaffected children, missed 9% of affected individuals. Cortisol response to ACTH stimulation was <18.2 μg/dl (500 nmol/l) in 14 NCCAH patients (28%) and none of the heterozygotes or IPP children. Among the 55 NCCAH patients, 54.5% were homozygous for mild CYP21A2 mutations, 41.8% were compound heterozygotes for one mild and one severe CYP21A2 gene mutations, and 3.6% had two severe CYP21A2 gene mutations.ConclusionIn children with PP, baseline 17-OHP levels are not useful to rule out the diagnosis of NCCAH, which is accomplished by means of ACTH testing only. The different percentages of severe and mild CYP21A2 gene mutations found in PP children compared with adult NCCAH patients is an indirect evidence that the enzyme defect is under-diagnosed in childhood, and it might not lead to the development of hyperandrogenic symptoms in adulthood. Stress-dose glucocorticoids should be considered in patients with suboptimal cortisol response to ACTH stimulation.
Low prevalence of hypopituitarism after traumatic brain injury: a multicenter study
Authors: Kokshoorn N E , Smit J W A , Nieuwlaat W A , Tiemensma J , Bisschop P H , Groote Veldman R , Roelfsema F , Franken A A M , Wassenaar M J E , Biermasz N R , Romijn J A , Pereira A M 
Published: June 2011

ObjectiveHypopituitarism after traumatic brain injury (TBI) is considered to be a prevalent condition. However, prevalence rates differ considerably among reported studies, due to differences in definitions, endocrine assessments of hypopituitarism, and confounding factors, such as timing of evaluation and the severity of the trauma.AimTo evaluate the prevalence of hypopituitarism in a large cohort of TBI patients after long-term follow-up using a standardized endocrine evaluation.Study designCross-sectional study.Patients and methodsWe included 112 patients with TBI, hospitalized for at least 3 days and duration of follow-up >1 year after TBI from five (neurosurgical) referral centers. Evaluation of pituitary function included fasting morning hormone measurements and insulin tolerance test (n=90) or, when contraindicated, ACTH stimulation and/or CRH stimulation tests and a GH releasing hormone–arginine test (n=22). Clinical evaluation included quality of life questionnaires.ResultsWe studied 112 patients (75 males), with median age 48 years and mean body mass index (BMI) 26.7±4.8 kg/m2. Mean duration of hospitalization was 11 (3–105), and 33% of the patients had a severe trauma (Glasgow Coma Scale <9) after TBI. The mean duration of follow-up was 4 (1–12) years.Hypopituitarism was diagnosed in 5.4% (6/112) of patients: severe GH deficiency (n=3), hypogonadism (n=1), adrenal insufficiency (n=2). Patients diagnosed with pituitary insufficiency had significantly higher BMI (P=0.002).ConclusionIn this study, the prevalence of hypopituitarism during long-term follow-up after TBI was low. Prospective studies are urgently needed to find reliable predictive tools for the identification of patients with a significant pre-test likelihood for hypopituitarism after TBI.
Low-Dose, High-Frequency CPR Training Improves Skill Retention of In-Hospital Pediatric Providers
Authors: Sutton Robert M. , Niles Dana , Meaney Peter A. , Aplenc Richard , French Benjamin , Abella Benjamin S. , Lengetti Evelyn L. , Berg Robert A. , Helfaer Mark A. , Nadkarni Vinay 
Published: June 2011

OBJECTIVE:
To investigate the effectiveness of brief bedside cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) training to improve the skill retention of hospital-based pediatric providers. We hypothesized that a low-dose, high-frequency training program (booster training) would improve CPR skill retention.

PATIENTS AND METHODS:
CPR recording/feedback defibrillators were used to evaluate CPR quality during simulated arrest. Basic life support–certified, hospital-based providers were randomly assigned to 1 of 4 study arms: (1) instructor-only training; (2) automated defibrillator feedback only; (3) instructor training combined with automated feedback; and (4) control (no structured training). Each session (time: 0, 1, 3, and 6 months after training) consisted of a pretraining evaluation (60 seconds), booster training (120 seconds), and a posttraining evaluation (60 seconds). Excellent CPR was defined as chest compression (CC) depth ≥ one-third anterior-posterior chest depth, rate ≥ 90 and ≤120 CC per minute, ≤20% of CCs with incomplete release (&gt;2500 g), and no flow fraction ≤ 0.30.

MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS:
Eighty-nine providers were randomly assigned; 74 (83%) completed all sessions. Retention of CPR skills was 2.3 times (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.1–4.5; P = .02) more likely after 2 trainings and 2.9 times (95% CI: 1.4–6.2; P = .005) more likely after 3 trainings. The automated defibrillator feedback only group had lower retention rates compared with the instructor-only training group (odds ratio: 0.41 [95% CI: 0.17–0.97]; P = .043).

CONCLUSIONS:
Brief bedside booster CPR training improves CPR skill retention. Our data reveal that instructor-led training improves retention compared with automated feedback training alone. Future studies should investigate whether bedside training improves CPR quality during actual pediatric arrests.
Towards an integrated materials characterization toolbox
Authors: Robertson Ian M. , Schuh Christopher A. , Vetrano John S. , Browning Nigel D. , Field David P. , Jensen Dorte Juul , Miller Michael K. , Baker Ian , Dunand David C. , Dunin-Borkowski Rafal , Kabius Bernd , Kelly Tom , Lozano-Perez Sergio , Misra Amit , Rohrer Gregory S. , Rollett Anthony D. , Taheri Mitra L. , Thompson Greg B. , Uchic Michael , Wang Xun-Li , Was Gary 
Published: June 2011

Abstract
Screening for Tuberculosis at an Adult Education Center: Results of a Community-Based Participatory Process
Authors: Wieland Mark L. , Weis Jennifer A. , Olney Marilynn W. , Alemán Marty , Sullivan Susan , Millington Kendra , O'Hara Connie , Nigon Julie A. , Sia Irene G. 
Published: June 2011

Objectives. We used a community-based participatory research (CBPR) approach to plan and implement free TB skin testing at an adult education center to determine the efficacy of CBPR with voluntary tuberculosis (TB) screening and the prevalence of TB infection among immigrant and refugee populations. Methods. We formed a CBPR partnership to address TB screening at an adult education center that serves a large immigrant and refugee population in Rochester, Minnesota. We conducted focus groups involving educators, health providers, and students of the education center, and used this input to implement TB education and TB skin testing among the center's students. Results. A total of 259 adult learners volunteered to be skin-tested in April 2009; 48 (18.5%) had positive TB skin tests. Conclusions. Our results imply that TB skin testing at adult education centers that serve large foreign-born populations may be effective. Our findings also show that a participatory process may enhance the willingness of foreign-born persons to participate in TB skin-testing efforts.
Study and Application of High Density Acid in HPHT Deep Well
Authors: Cheng Xingsheng , Li Yongping , Ding Yunhong , Che Mingguang , Zhang Fuxiang , Peng Jianxin 
Published: June 2011

Abstract
The KKY in Tarim oilfield, Western China, is a typical HTHP deep dolomite reservoir (150C, 110Mpa and 6000m). The formation was deeply damaged with the heavy mud, and the matrix acidizing can't effectively eliminate the skin. But the acid fracturing treatment can't be carried because the surface pressure exceeds the working pressure capability of conventional 15,000psi fracturing equipment. To effectively decrease the surface treating pressure, a new high density acid system was developed. Its density is adjustable within the range of 1.25-1.55 g/cm3. Extensive laboratory test was conducted to evaluate its corrosion inhibition capacity, stability, rheological properties etc. The performance of the acid system can totally qualify for the need of high temperature, and effectively lower the surface treating pressure about 25Mpa. The new weighted acid ensured the acid fracturing successfully in KKY reservoir, with the treating pressure up to 94Mpa. And the production increased considerably after the acid fracturing with the high density acid in several wells.
Development and Evaluation of a New Environmentally Acceptable Conformance Sealant
Authors: Bøye Bjørn , Rygg Audhild , Jodal Caroline , Klungland Iselin 
Published: June 2011

Abstract
Water production from hydrocarbon reservoirs is a serious problem in the oil industry. High water cut reduces the economic life of producing wells and costs the industry billions of dollars each year (Curtice and Dalrymple 2004). Throughout the years, several techniques and chemicals have been developed to control undesired water production.
The industry has developed and applied a variety of chemical systems to reduce or shut off unwanted water production. However, most of these chemical systems are often quickly categorized as environmentally damaging according to the environmental laws and regulations, particularly in the North Sea area. This means that service companies must keep pushing technology development in a more environmentally acceptable direction. The recent development of a "green," environmentally acceptable colloidal silica-based sealant system is an example of this process. This sealant system is a two-component system containing a liquid silica and an activator. The system is easy to mix and easy to pump because of its low viscosity. Once it is placed into the water-bearing zone, the system forms a stiff gel to block the flow of water. Any underdisplaced gel left in the tubing can also be easily washed out using coiled tubing (CT). The system can also be viscosified or slurried with polymer or particulates, respectively, if diversion is required in longer intervals with high permeability and pressure contrast. In addition to water and gas shutoff, this new system shows potential in other areas, such as formation consolidation, temporary gel plugs, annular barrier re-establishment, as well as stopping severe losses while drilling and recompleting.
The gel-setting time can be tailored for a wide temperature range from 20 to 150°C by varying the concentration of the activator. Extensive laboratory research has been performed to develop and qualify this sealant system. Simple, static-sealed tube tests were first run to qualitatively evaluate the gel strength and gelation time. Then, gradually, the formulation was refined and rheological data was measured and collected using a Brookfield viscometer. Further, core-flooding tests were conducted both in sandpack and carbonate cores to determine the effectiveness of the system in blocking water flow.
This paper describes the development of this environmentally acceptable sealant system and the qualification process including laboratory test methods and results.
Soda Ash as Gypsum Dissolver in 8-in. Production Line Case Study Gemsa Field, Gulf of Suez, Egypt
Authors: Riad E. H. 
Published: June 2011

Abstract
Water flooding is the hinge pin for Gemsa Oil Field. Water injection is supplied from shallow water supply wells. Compatibility tests had indicated probable deposition of calcium sulphate scale on surface and subsurface production equipment. Calcium sulphate scale has been recognized to be a major operational problem. The bad consequences of scale formation comprised the contribution to flow restriction thus resulting in oil and gas production decrease. The nature of calcium sulphate scale is very hard and can't be dissolved with known dissolver. Sister companies that has similar problem were always going to the mechanical remover options (1).
Extensive lab and field work was conducted to determine the suitable chemicals to dissolve calcium sulphate scale.
This paper describes the development and field application of chemical treatment to remove scale in an offshore 8" production line in Gemsa oil field. Continuous precipitation of calcium sulphate scale caused partial plugging of the pipeline. This partial plugging created a back pressure on production wells which decreased the productivity. The field production has been decreased to almost one tenth of the normal field production level.
A thorough investigation was conducted to identify the composition and location of the scale, in order to recommend a suitable chemical to remove the scale, and to assess the effectiveness of the treatment method in the field.
Based on extensive lab studies, Soda Ash was tested and applied in production line to remove the scale efficiently; the program was designed taking into consideration the nature of the scale.
The treatment program included three - staged process:
The use of an organic solvent The main treatment (Soda Ash). The post flush stage (15 wt% HCl),
The job results were outstanding, where as
Production increased by about 2,000 BOPD Launcher pressure dropped by about 270 psi. Decrease the back pressure on our producing wells. Additional producing wells into production. Efficient cost /Bbl.
A New Fracturing Design Using Compositional Flow Simulation for Wells with Asphaltene Deposition Problems
Authors: Uetani Takaaki , Nomura Masahiko 
Published: June 2011

Abstract
In the Minami Kuwayama oil field located onshore in Japan, asphaltene deposition problems have been identified not only in the surface facility but also in the reservoir during production. In this study, to understand the mechanism of productivity deterioration due to asphaltene deposition, a numerical simulation study was conducted. An equation of state (EOS) based fluid model was incorporated into a compositional flow simulator, capable of predicting asphaltene deposition behavior in the reservoir. History matching was conducted for the actual production history showing a drastic decline within 6 months. Using the history matched model, several numerical investigations were conducted on the asphaltene deposition damage and productivity enhancement by hydraulic fracturing to provide a guide line for the fracturing design.