bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Longitudinal Study on Raynaud's Phenomenon in Workers Using an Impact Wrench
Authors: Aiba Yoko , Yamamoto Kenya , Ohshiba Satoshi , Ikeda Kazuhiro , Morioka Ikuharu , Miyashita Kazuhisa , Shimizu Hidesuke 
Published: January 2012

A Longitudinal Study on Raynaud's Phenomenon in Workers Using an Impact Wrench: Yoko AIBA, et al. Occupational Health Research and Development Center, Japan Industrial Safety and Health Association—ObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to clarify the occurrence of Raynaud's phenomenon among workers using an impact wrench for a long time.MethodsThe subjects were 704 workers regularly using an impact wrench and taking special medical examinations for vibration syndrome from 1981 to 2008. Raynaud's phenomenon was observed in 39 subjects during the observation period.ResultsThe mean operating years at the occurrence of Raynaud's phenomenon was 25.5 ± 8.3 (standard deviation) yr. The mean total operating time (geometric average) at the occurrence of Raynaud's phenomenon was 11,689 h. By the person‐year method, the incidence rate of Raynaud's phenomenon was 6.27 persons per 1,000 person‐years. The estimated risk of developing Raynaud's phenomenon did not increase until 12 years after starting to operate an impact wrench but increased exponentially after that. The vibration level of an impact wrench (from 4.9 m/s2to 22.6 m/s2) exceeded the occupational exposure limit value (4.9 m/s2). Various countermeasures, such as introducing automatically apparatus and keeping the working environment warm to protect from cold exposure, were taken at the factory.ConclusionsThese findings showed that the rate of occurrence of Raynaud's phenomenon was not high, although the vibration level of the impact wrench was high. This may result from various countermeasures to prevent the occurrence of Raynaud's phenomenon. A long period of exposure to vibration had the potential to lead to the occurrence of Raynaud's phenomenon even under various countermeasures.
School-Based Health Centers and Pediatric Practice
Authors:   COUNCIL ON SCHOOL HEALTH
Published: January 2012

This Policy Statement was revised. See https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2021-053758.
School-based health centers (SBHCs) have become an important method of health care delivery for the youth of our nation. Although they only represent 1 aspect of a coordinated school health program approach, SBHCs have provided access to health care services for youth confronted with age, financial, cultural, and geographic barriers. A fundamental principle of SBHCs is to create an environment of service coordination and collaboration that addresses the health needs and well-being of youth with health disparities or poor access to health care services. Some pediatricians have concerns that these centers are in conflict with the primary care provider’s medical home. This policy provides an overview of SBHCs and some of their documented benefits, addresses the issue of potential conflict with the medical home, and provides recommendations that support the integration and coordination of SBHCs and the pediatric medical home practice.
Dispensing Medications at the Hospital Upon Discharge From an Emergency Department
Authors: Yamamoto Loren G. , Manzi Shannon ,   THE COMMITTEE ON PEDIATRIC EMERGENCY MEDICINE, Shaw Kathy N. , Ackerman Alice D. , Chun Thomas H. , Conners Gregory P. , Dudley Nanette C. , Fein Joel A. , Fuchs Susan M. , Moore Brian R. , Selbst Steven M. , Wright Joseph L. 
Published: January 2012

This Technical Report was revised. See https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2023-062144.
Although most health care services can and should be provided by their medical home, children will be referred or require visits to the emergency department (ED) for emergent clinical conditions or injuries. Continuation of medical care after discharge from an ED is dependent on parents or caregivers’ understanding of and compliance with follow-up instructions and on adherence to medication recommendations. ED visits often occur at times when the majority of pharmacies are not open and caregivers are concerned with getting their ill or injured child directly home. Approximately one-third of patients fail to obtain priority medications from a pharmacy after discharge from an ED. The option of judiciously dispensing ED discharge medications from the ED’s outpatient pharmacy within the facility is a major convenience that overcomes this obstacle, improving the likelihood of medication adherence. Emergency care encounters should be routinely followed up with primary care provider medical homes to ensure complete and comprehensive care.
New Electric Tomography Scheme and Algorithms for Fast Recognition of Compound Structures
Authors: Grebennikov Alexandre 
Published: January 2012

ABSTRACTNecessity of recognition of compound structures appears in different applications. Electrical tomography is one of perspective approach for investigation of material structures. A new special measurement scheme in electric tomography is proposed for the domain as a circle. This scheme opens possibility to construct electric tomography apparatus with faster computer recognition of structure of compounds materials, using General Ray algorithms. Computer simulation of this scheme is realised with MATLAB software and justified by numerical experiments on examples, related with electrical tomography.
Aluminum Alloy Formation and Impacts in Advanced Replacement Metal Gate Process
Authors: Xu K. , Wang Y. , Shen S.H. , Xia X. , Tu W.Ch. , Karuppiah L. , Yang H. , Ge Z. , Lei Y. , Allen M. , Yoshida N. , Chang L.W. , Liu B. , Okazaki M. , Brand A. 
Published: January 2012

ABSTRACTFor the gate last approach of a high K metal gate scheme used in advanced CMOS technology, various materials were tested as wetting layers to allow Aluminum (Al) gap fill at gate widths of10 to 45 nanometers. In this study, Titanium (Ti) and Cobalt (Co) were investigated as a wetting layer for Al gap fill. It was discovered that Al-Ti and Al-Co alloys were formed during high temperature Al deposition. Alloys were characterized using XRD. Alloy’s impacts on line resistivity and subsequent Al Chemical Mechanical Polish (Al CMP) were also investigated. In addition, a model was established to predict the alloy type and alloy mole% with respect to feature size. The predicted Al mole% by this model correlated very well with 1) line resistivity trend and 2) morphologies. The model also predicted that due to Al lower electro-chemical potential than Ti, Co or its alloys, galvanic corrosion could take place depending on the chemical environment in the Al CMP slurry. Different slurry or cleaning chemical may reduce or increase the risk of galvanic corrosion. The knowledge gained with the help of the model provides clear directions on selection criteria for wetting layers, optimization for deposition processes and Al CMP consumable design to meet the challenges.
Phonons and Crystalline Structure of Hg1−xCdxS e Alloys (0 <x≤ 0.5)
Authors: Miranda David A. , López-Rivera S. A. , Power Ch. , Henao J. A. , Macías M. A. 
Published: January 2012

ABSTRACTPhonons and crystalline structures of Hg1−xCdxSe alloys (0 ≤x≤ 0.5) were studied by Raman spectroscopy and X-ray powder diffraction patterns at 298K. The crystalline alloys were prepared by a special combination of synthesis and the Bridgman method. Experimental data showed a face-centered cubic structure,$F\overline 4 \,3\,m$(No. 216), for all samples, exhibiting a linear dependence for Cd molar fraction,x, for cell parameters,a, and the mass densities,ρ. Phonon frequencies were analyzed using the Romevi-Romevi model for phonons in multicomponent alloys, obtaining a fair agreement with experimental data. Furthermore, an algorithm to implement the Romevi-Romevi model is proposed.
Sol-Gel Preparation, Characterization and Photocatalytic Activity of Nanostructured TiO2 Nanoparticles
Authors: Carrera R. , Castillo S. 
Published: January 2012

ABSTRACTTo establish a promising method for the purification of air containing volatile organic compounds, TiO2 nanoparticles with interesting physicochemical properties were prepared by the sol-gel method to perform the photocatalytic decomposition of acetaldehyde. The obtained samples were characterized by the x-ray diffraction -Rietveld refinement, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and the Brunauer, Emmet and Teller (BET) model. According to the results, the sample that presented the highest activity (96.4%) in the photocatalytic oxidation of acetaldehyde was the one annealed at 200 °C. This material showed the presence of a mixture of the anatase (higher proportion) and brookite phases, nanometric crystal size (7.03 nm) and high surface area (189 m2g-1). The physicochemical properties present in the TiO2-P-200°C nanoparticles suggest that they may establish a photoassisted reaction process for air purification, in which volatile organic compounds are photocatalitically decomposed.
Evaluation of Sulfidation Resistance of Atomized Fe40Al Based Intermetallics
Authors: Espinosa-Medina M. A. , Carbajal de la Torre G. , Martínez-Villafañe A. , González-Rodríguez J.G. 
Published: January 2012

ABSTRACTThe isothermal oxidation-sulfidation of Fe-40Al based intermetallics alloys in N2/SO2 gas mixture at 625, 700 and 775°C were evaluated. Fe40Al, Fe40Al+0.1B, Fe40Al+0.1B+10Al2O3 alloys were produced by atomization and deposition. Isothermal gas exposition was reached during 48 hours. FeAl based alloys showed good sulfidation resistance, presenting both small weight gain and weight change fluctuations. At 625°C, the Fe40Al+0.1B alloy had the biggest weight gain; on the other hand the Fe40Al alloy exhibited the biggest sulfidation resistance. At 700 and 775°C, the Fe40Al+0.1B alloy presented the smallest weight gain, however Fe40Al alloy presented higher weight gain, that is to say, the smallest sulfidation resistance at those temperatures. The variation in the weight gain curves were discussed in terms of formation and detachment of sulfides, and by local attack on the alloy surface as the temperature increasing. The results are supplemented with characterization by SEM and analysis of X-rays dispersion.
Transmission of Dirac Electrons Through Graphene Multilayers with Gaussian Profile
Authors: Aguilar-Hernández J. A. , Madrigal-Melchor J. , Martínez-Orozco J. C. , Rodríguez-Vargas I. 
Published: January 2012

ABSTRACTIn this work, we use the T-matrix method to study the tunneling of Dirac electrons through graphene multilayers. A graphene sheet is deposited on top of slabs of SiO2-SiC substrates, of which we applied a Gaussian distribution in the size width of the SiC substrate. We calculate the transmittance as a function of energy for different incident angles and different number of layers of the Gaussian distribution. We obtain different stop-band regions. These regions are wider when the width of the barrier is increased. Furthermore, it is possible to tune the width and the position of stop-band with the angle of incidence, the σ value of the Gaussian distribution, and the difference between the maximum-minimum sizes of the barrier.
Application of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health–Children and Youth Version (ICF-CY) to Cleft Lip and Palate
Authors: Neumann Sandra , Romonath Roswitha 
Published: January 2012

Objective In recent health policy discussions, the World Health Organization has urged member states to implement the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health: Children and Youth Version in their clinical practice and research. The purpose of this study was to identify codes from the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health: Children and Youth Version relevant for use among children with cleft lip and/or palate, thereby highlighting the potential value of these codes for interprofessional cleft palate-craniofacial teams. Design The scope of recent published research in the area of cleft lip and/or palate was reviewed and compared with meaningful terms identified from the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health: Children and Youth Version. In a five-step procedure, a consensus-based list of terms was developed that was linked separately to International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health: Children and Youth Version categories and codes. This provided a first draft of a core set for use in the cleft lip and/or palate field. Conclusions Adopting International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health: Children and Youth Version domains in cleft lip and/or palate may aid experts in identifying appropriate starting points for assessment, counseling, and therapy. When used as a clinical tool, it encourages health care professionals to go beyond treatment and outcome perspectives that are focused solely on the child and to include the children's environment and their familial/societal context. In order to establish improved, evidence-based interdisciplinary treatments for children with cleft lip and/or palate, more studies are needed that seek to identify all the influencing conditions of activities, children's participation, and barriers/facilitators in their environments.
Development of a robotic device for upper limb stroke rehabilitation: A user-centered design approach
Authors: Lu Elaine C. , Wang Rosalie , Huq Rajibul , Gardner Don , Karam Paul , Zabjek Karl , Hebert Debbie , Boger Jennifer , Mihailidis Alex 
Published: January 2012

Abstract
Stroke is one of the major causes of permanent adult disability. Stroke frequently affects motor control of the arm, leading to diffculties in doing activities of daily living. This research focuses on developing an upper limb rehabilitation robotic prototype through user-centered design to aid stroke survivors in rehabilitating their arm. To gather requirements from end users, stroke therapy sessions were observed and a survey of stroke therapists was conducted. End user requirements were evaluated to determine technical targets for the mechanical design of the prototype. Evaluation of the prototype was done with stroke therapists in a focus group and a preliminary biomechanical study. As user-centered design would require more iterations of design, testing and evaluation, this project reports a first step in developing an affordable, portable device, which could increase access to stroke rehabilitation for the arm.
'This Is Not Our Life, It's Just a Copy of Other People's': Bedu and the Price of 'Development' in South Sinai
Authors: Gilbert Hilary 
Published: January 2012

Abstract
This study demonstrates the unplanned outcomes of development in an indigenous population, and the particular impact of prescribed development on bedouin livelihoods in South Sinai. In the latter half of the twentieth century, Bedu across the Middle East have adapted their livelihood strategies to the more or less authoritarian modernizing policies of nation-states. In South Sinai, in response to the rule of both Israeli and Egyptian regimes, the economy of local Bedu has shifted from pre-development, agropastoral livelihoods that provided subsistence for ten months a year, to an almost complete dependence on insecure paid work. Using data on bedouin livelihoods and household economics spanning more than forty years, I argue that state-led 'development' has brought very mixed blessings to its population. I demonstrate bedouin poverty -currently unacknowledged by the Egyptian state - for the first time, and show the relative inequality of Bedu compared to other Egyptian citizens. The failure of government to record bedouin experience creates a policy blind spot, ensuring their inequality persists.
Evolution of the 'Modern' Transitory Shelter and Unrecognized Settlements of the Negev Bedouin
Authors: Meir Isaac A. , Stavi Ilan 
Published: January 2012

Abstract
This study reviews the factors involved in the transition from the traditional Bedouin black tent to the tin shack. Many economic, social, and macro-political factors are involved in this transition. It is shown that in functional terms the tin shack is very similar to the traditional tent. However, compared with the traditional tent, the climatic performance of the tin shack is much worse, amplifying ambient temperature extremes, and increasing respiratory related complications. In spite of this poor performance, tin shacks have become the mainstream dwelling form of Bedouin settlements in the Negev during the last three decades.
Politics of Scale in a High Mountain Border Region: Being Mobile among the Bhotiyas of the Kumaon Himalaya, India
Authors: Bergmann Christoph , Gerwin Martin , Sax William S. , Nüsser Marcus 
Published: January 2012

Abstract
Pastoral mobility in mountain environments always implicates indigenous forms of agency vis-à-vis the surrounding states with which people are interlinked, for instance through trade relations, contested border demarcations or natural resource regulations. In this paper, we analyse such interactions in terms of an ongoing 'politics of scale', that is to say a politics of the spatial dimensions structuring social life. Our case study focuses on the Bhotiyas, former trans-Himalayan traders who practise a sort of combined mountain agriculture in the high valleys of the Kumaon Himalaya, bordering China. The interdisciplinary approach foregrounds several registers of mobility, from agro-pastoral to ritual techniques and from property rights to ethnic identities.
Analysis of Drought in Eastern Part of Bangladesh
Authors: Keka A Israt , Matin I , Rahman M , Banu DA 
Published: January 2012

Analysis of drought is very important for the irrigation purpose of a country. In this work analysis of drought in the eastern part of Bangladesh has been studied. Yearly meteorological drought has been analyzed by comparing the yearly rainfall deficiency with the mean yearly rainfall. Yearly drought analysis has also been performed by three climatic indexes. The climatic indexes are De Mortone Aridity Index, IdM; Seleaninov Hydrothermic Index, IhS; and Donciu Climate Index, IcD. With the help of annual rainfall assurance (A%) yearly drought analysis has been performed by the climatic indexes. Monthly drought analysis has been done with the rainfall data, considering average rainfall and minimum rainfall for a month. In this study 17 meteorological stations have been chosen for analysis. Distribution of rainfall, annual variation of rainfall, yearly drought and percentage of drought affected areas has been presented with the help of different figures and tables. Monthly drought analysis shows that generally the month of January, February, March, November and December are drought affected. The month of April faces drought almost every year. May and October face drought occasionally. The months June, July, August and September experience heavy rainfall. Keywords: Drought; IdM; IhS; IcD; Annual rainfall assurance (A%). DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/diujst.v7i1.9643 Daffodil International University Journal of Science and Technology Vol.7(1) 2012 20-27
Study of the Effect of Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate (SDS) and Acridine Orange on the Isolation of Plasmid and Antimicrobial Resistance Pattern of Clinical Isolates of <i>Klebsiella Sp</i>
Authors: Shahriar Mohammad , Mawla Shumaila , Bhuiyan Mohiuddin Ahmed , Hossain Mahboob 
Published: January 2012

For a six months period a total of 25 Klebisiella sp. samples collected from different diagnostic centers were tested for their antimicrobial susceptibility pattern against 16 antimicrobials. All isolates under study showed resistance against cephalexin, cephradine, ciporfloxacin, cloxacillin, erythromycin, oxacillin, rifampicin and tetracycline. Most of the isolates were resistant to amoxicillin (92%), vancomycin (96%), neomycin (84%) and chloramphenicol (76%). Least number of isolates showed resistance to tetracycline (36%), ceftriaxone (40%) and gentamycin (56%), respectively. Out of the 25 isolates, 7 multidrug resistant isolates were selected and they were grown in varying concentrations of Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate (SDS) in Luria broth and their plasmid profile was analysed. Distinct bands of plasmid were observed when the multidrug resistant strains of Klebsiella sp. were grown in 5% SDS and acridine orange (10μg/ml) in Luria broth. On being treated with 5% SDS and 5% SDS along with acridine orange, one isolate (isolate no. 3) developed sensitivity against ceftriaxone, ciprofloxacin, co-trimoxazole, gentamycin and neomycin. Keywords: Klebsiella sp.; plasmid; antimicrobial susceptibility; multidrug resistance; sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/diujst.v7i1.9646 Daffodil International University Journal of Science and Technology Vol.7(1) 2012 38-43
Mining Arabidopsis thaliana RNA‐seq data with Integrated Genome Browser reveals stress‐induced alternative splicing of the putative splicing regulator SR45a
Authors: Gulledge Alyssa A. , Roberts April D. , Vora Hiral , Patel Ketan , Loraine Ann E. 
Published: January 2012

• Premise of the study: High‐throughput sequencing of cDNA libraries prepared from diverse samples (RNA‐seq) can reveal genome‐wide changes in alternative splicing. Using RNA‐seq data to assess splicing at the level of individual genes requires the ability to visualize read alignments alongside genomic annotations. To meet this need, we added RNA‐seq visualization capability to Integrated Genome Browser (IGB), a free desktop genome visualization tool. To illustrate this capability, we present an in‐depth analysis of abiotic stresses and their effects on alternative splicing of SR45a (AT1G07350), a putative splicing regulator from Arabidopsis thaliana.• Methods: cDNA libraries prepared from Arabidopsis plants that were subjected to heat and dehydration stresses were sequenced on an Illumina GAIIx sequencer, yielding more than 511 million high‐quality 75‐base, single‐end sequence reads. Reads were aligned onto the reference genome and visualized in IGB.• Key results: Using IGB, we confirmed exon‐skipping alternative splicing in SR45a. Exon‐skipped variant AT1G07350.1 encodes full‐length SR45a protein with intact RS and RNA recognition motifs, while nonskipped variant AT1G07350.2 lacks the C‐terminal RS region due to a frameshift in the alternative exon. Heat and drought stresses increased both transcript abundance and the proportion of exon‐skipped transcripts encoding the full‐length protein. We identified new splice sites and observed frequent intron retention flanking the alternative exon.• Conclusions: This study underlines the importance of visual inspection of RNA‐seq alignments when investigating alternatively spliced genes. We showed that heat and dehydration stresses increase overall abundance of SR45a mRNA while also increasing production of transcripts encoding the full‐length SR45a protein relative to other splice variants.