bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Amino acid sequence preferences to control cell‐specific organization of endothelial cells, smooth muscle cells, and fibroblasts
Authors: Kanie Kei , Kato Ryuji , Zhao Yingzi , Narita Yuji , Okochi Mina , Honda Hiroyuki 
Published: February 2011

AbstractEffective surface modification with biocompatible molecules is known to be effective in reducing the life‐threatening risks related to artificial cardiovascular implants. In recent strategies in regenerative medicine, the enhancement and support of natural repair systems at the site of injury by designed biocompatible molecules have succeeded in rapid and effective injury repair. Therefore, such a strategy could also be effective for rapid endothelialization of cardiovascular implants to lower the risk of thrombosis and stenosis. To achieve this enhancement of the natural repair system, a biomimetic molecule that mimics proper cellular organization at the implant location is required. In spite of the fact that many reported peptides have cell‐attracting properties on material surfaces, there have been few peptides that could control cell‐specific adhesion. For the advanced cardiovascular implants, peptides that can mimic the natural mechanism that controls cell‐specific organization have been strongly anticipated. To obtain such peptides, we hypothesized the cellular bias toward certain varieties of amino acids and examined the cell preference (in terms of adhesion, proliferation, and protein attraction) of varieties and of repeat length on SPOT peptide arrays. To investigate the role of specific peptides in controlling the organization of various cardiovascular‐related cells, we compared endothelial cells (ECs), smooth muscle cells (SMCs), and fibroblasts (FBs). A clear, cell‐specific preference was found for amino acids (longer than 5‐mer) using three types of cells, and the combinational effect of the physicochemical properties of the residues was analyzed to interpret the mechanism. Copyright © 2011 European Peptide Society and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Folding and assembly of TMD 6‐related segments of DMT 1 in trifluoroethanol aqueous solution
Authors: Xiao Shuyan , Wang Chunyu , Li Jiantao , Li Fei 
Published: February 2011

AbstractDivalent metal‐ion transporter 1 (DMT1) belongs to a large class of metal‐ion transporters that drive the translocation of a wide range of divalent metal substrates across membranes toward the cytosol with couple of protons. Two highly conserved histidines in the sixth transmembrane domain (TMD6) are essential for metal transport activity in DMT1. In the present study, we determine the high‐resolution structures of three 25‐residue peptides, corresponding to TMD6 of the wildtype DMT1 (the segment 255–279) and its H267A and H272A mutants, in 30% TFE‐d2 aqueous solution by the combined use of circular dichroism (CD) and NMR spectroscopies. The wildtype peptide forms an ‘α‐helix‐extended segment‐α‐helix’ structure with two helices spanning over Gly258–Ala262 and Met265–Lys277 linked by a hinge at residues Val263–Ile264. The H267A mutation reduces the hinge to one residue (Ile264), while the H272A mutation extends the flexible region of the central part from Val263 to His267. Diffusion‐ordered spectroscopy (DOSY) study demonstrates that all the peptides are self‐assembly as trimer in 30% TFE‐d2 aqueous solution. The H272A substitution decreases the intermolecular interaction whereas the H267A substitution may enhance the intermolecular interaction. The specific structure of the discontinuous helix and the self‐assembly feature of DMT1–TMD6 may be crucial for its biological function. The changes in conformation and intermolecular interaction induced by histidine substitution may be correlated with the deficiency of DMT1 in metal‐ion permeation. Copyright © 2011 European Peptide Society and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Neuropeptide Y receptors: ligand binding and trafficking suggest novel approaches in drug development
Authors: Walther Cornelia , Mörl Karin , Beck‐Sickinger Annette G. 
Published: February 2011

AbstractNPY, PYY and PP constitute the so‐called NPY hormone family, which exert its biological functions in humans through YRs (Y1, Y2, Y4 and Y5). Systematic modulation of YR function became important as this multireceptor/multiligand system is known to mediate various essential physiological key functions and is involved in a variety of major human diseases such as epilepsy, obesity and cancer. As several YRs have been found to be overexpressed on different types of malignant tumors they emerge as promising target in modern drug development. Here, we summarize the current understanding of YRs function and the molecular mechanisms of ligand binding and trafficking. We further address recent advances in YR‐based drug design, the development of promising future drug candidates and novel approaches in YR‐targeted tumor diagnostics and therapy opportunities. Copyright © 2011 European Peptide Society and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Characterization of crystalline silicon on glass using photoluminescence
Authors: Mchedlidze Teimuraz , Schneider Jens , Arguirov Tzanimir , Kittler Martin 
Published: February 2011

AbstractThin film of amorphous Si deposited on glass substrate was crystallized at 600 °C using solid phase crystallization and further processed for PV application using Crystalline Silicon on Glass technology. The resulting film was polycrystalline and contained dislocations in large density. Photoluminescence (PL) and SunsVoc measurements were applied for characterization of the material properties. The intensity of radiative transitions related to dislocations (DRL) measured at room temperature supplied information about specificities of non‐radiative recombination in the material and nicely correlated with open circuit voltage, measured using SunsVoc method. The PL measurements at room temperature showed a capability of fast and reliable prediction of PV performance of the film. (© 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Scanning probe studies of amorphous silicon subjected to laser annealing
Authors: Ratzke M. , Mchedlidze T. , Arguirov T. , Acharya N. , Kittler M. , Reif J. 
Published: February 2011

AbstractThe process of light induced solid phase crystallization (LISPC) of thin layers of amorphous silicon (a‐Si) embedded in silicon oxide (SiO2) was investigated using Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM). The results achieved by different modes of AFM, namely Phase Contrast Imaging, Lateral Force Mapping and Scanning Kelvin Probe microscopy reveal several steps of light‐matter interaction. There is clear evidence that the very first steps take place inside of the structure leaving the surface pristine.Also, the findings well agree with that achieved by micro Raman spectroscopy yielding information on the local crystalline structure. (© 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Novel imaging techniques for dislocation‐related D1‐photo‐luminescence of multicrystalline Si wafers – two different approaches
Authors: Schmid R. P. , Mankovics D. , Arguirov T. , Mchedlidze T. , Kittler M. 
Published: February 2011

AbstractHere we report on two different approaches, which allow rapid photoluminescence imaging of dislocation‐related D1, and band‐to‐band radiation on multicrystalline solar cell wafers at room temperature. We compared a new light emitting diode based method with the recently introduced pulsed laser based method. With both techniques we obtained spatially resolved images from 15.6 × 15.6 cm2 wafers originating from different stages of the standard solar cell production process, showing that these techniques are highly interesting for inline quality control. Both methods provide homogeneous illumination over the whole sample area. With a resolution around 300 μm, and a total recording time of ∼45 s, full D1 images could be captured by the new diode technique. The most promising fact was that surface artifacts did not lead to any noticeable disturbance in the D1 image. For acid textured wafers, the pulsed laser based method was clearly in advantage over the continuous diode technique. Possible explanations are discussed in the text. (© 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Illuminated lock‐in thermography at different wavelengths for distinguishing shunts in top and bottom layers of tandem solar cells
Authors: Straube Hilmar , Siegloch Max , Gerber Andreas , Bauer Jan , Breitenstein Otwin 
Published: February 2011

AbstractWe investigate shunting in a micromorph silicon tandem solar module using dark and illuminated lock‐in thermography (DLIT and ILIT). Shunts are identified and quantified using DLIT. We then show how to isolate the layer causing the individual shunts by using white, blue, and infrared excitation spectra for the pulsed illumination in ILIT. (© 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Growth of zinc oxide nanostructures via thermal oxidation of DC‐sputtered zinc films
Authors: Abdallah Amir , Tabet Nouar , Dastageer Mohamed , Said Syed 
Published: February 2011

AbstractZinc oxide (ZnO) nanostructures have been obtained by thermal oxidation of DC‐ sputtered Zinc film (Zn) above the melting temperature of Zinc. The zinc film is directly deposited on the glass substrate or on a ZnO layer pre‐deposited on the glass by DC reactive plasma. The films were characterized by X‐ray Diffraction before and after oxidation treatment. Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE‐SEM) revealed the formation of needlelike and nanostructured network. The optical properties of the obtained nanostructures were studied using UV‐VIS‐NIR spectrophotometer. The results showed that the presence of pre‐deposited ZnO layer on the glass substrate improves significantly the transmittance of the obtained layered structure. Photoluminescence results showed the presence of a weak near band edge emission at 3.35 eV and a defect band which is much broader than that observed in pure Zinc Oxide (© 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Electrical characterization of silicon wafer bonding interfaces by means of voltage dependent light beam and electron beam induced current and capacitance of Schottky diodes
Authors: Trushin M. , Vyvenko O. , Mchedlidze T. , Reiche M. , Kittler M. 
Published: February 2011

AbstractSchottky diodes prepared on silicon bonded wafers with dislocation network (DN) lying parallel to the sample surface at the depth of ∼2 μm were investigated by means of capacitance‐voltage (CV), current‐voltage (IV) measurements at 80 K under optical illumination. A model of the interpretation of CV and IV data is presented and discussed. It is shown that electron‐beam induced current (EBIC) mapping under the proper chosen forward bias voltages allows one to trace the inhomogeneities of the potential barrier at DN. The observed non‐uniformity of the DN barrier heights was ascribed to inhomogeneous distribution of small oxide precipitates lying at the dislocation network plane (© 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Immediate impact of a robotic kidney surgery course on attendees practice patterns
Authors: Altunrende Fatih , Autorino Riccardo , Haber Georges‐Pascal , Laydner Humberto , White Michael A. , Khanna Rakesh , Stein Robert J. , Kaouk Jihad H. 
Published: February 2011

AbstractBackgroundThe object of this study was to evaluate the immediate impact of a robotic kidney surgery course on the practice patterns of participating urologists.MethodsTwo surveys were administered to the participants of the International Symposium on Robotic Kidney and Adrenal Surgery held at the Cleveland Clinic on October 2009. Returned responses were entered into a database. Results were reviewed and analyzed.ResultsTwenty‐seven participants (60% of total registered) completed the end‐of‐course questionnaire. Mean age was 44 years (range 33–65). Mean time from completion of residency was 14 years (range 1–30). The majority of the attendees (78%) had familiarity with both laparoscopy and robotics, but only 22% of them had completed a formal fellowship or mini‐residency training in laparoscopy or robotics. All course components received a mean score above 4.5. 92% of the participants planned to perform a ‘new’ procedure in their practice immediately after the course. Of the 27 participants contacted, 12 (44.4%) returned the 3‐month questionnaire. All of them (100%) had performed robotic surgical procedures after the course. Overall, there was an increase of 56% in the robotic cases in the surgical practice of the participants. The actual impact of attending the course on starting or implementing robotic surgery practice was positively rated by the participants (mean score 4.7 ± 0.45 on scale 1–5).ConclusionsA course including lectures, video analysis, live surgery and hands‐on session with both simulators and an animal laboratory is an effective educational model for immediately spreading robotic skills. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Approximation algorithms and heuristics for a 2‐depot, heterogeneous Hamiltonian path problem
Authors: Doshi Riddhi , Yadlapalli Sai , Rathinam Sivakumar , Darbha Swaroop 
Published: February 2011

AbstractThis article addresses an important routing problem that arises in surveillance applications involving two heterogeneous vehicles. As the addressed routing problem is NP‐Hard, we develop an approximation algorithm and heuristics to solve the problem. Our approach involves solving the routing problem in two main steps: Partitioning and Sequencing. Partitioning involves finding a distinct set of targets to be visited by each vehicle. Sequencing provides the order in which each vehicle must visit the subset of targets assigned to it. The problem of partitioning is tackled by solving a linear program (LP) obtained by relaxing some of the constraints of an integer programming model for the problem. We consider two LP models for partitioning. The first LP model is obtained by mainly relaxing both the integrality and degree constraints, whereas the second model relaxes mainly the integrality constraints. Once the targets are partitioned, the sequencing problem can be solved either by Hoogeveen's algorithm or by the Lin–Kernighan heuristic to yield an approximately optimal solution. Computational results show that the algorithms based on the second LP model, on an average, provided better (closer to the optimum) solutions as compared with those based on the first LP model. We also observed that for both the LP models, the average quality of solutions given by the heuristics were found to be within 4% of the optimum, whereas the average quality of solutions obtained from the approximation algorithms were within 8–20% of the optimum depending on the problem size. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
EFFECTS OF FLOW DYNAMICS ON THE AQUATIC‐TERRESTRIAL TRANSITION ZONE (ATTZ) OF LOWER MISSOURI RIVER SANDBARS WITH IMPLICATIONS FOR SELECTED BIOTA
Authors: Tracy‐Smith Emily , Galat David L. , Jacobson Robert B. 
Published: February 2011

ABSTRACTSandbars are an important aquatic terrestrial transition zone (ATTZ) in the active channel of rivers that provide a variety of habitat conditions for riverine biota. Channelization and flow regulation in many large rivers have diminished sandbar habitats and their rehabilitation is a priority. We developed sandbar‐specific models of discharge‐area relationships to determine how changes in flow regime affect the area of different habitat types within the submerged sandbar ATTZ (depth) and exposed sandbar ATTZ (elevation) for a representative sample of Lower Missouri River sandbars. We defined six different structural habitat types within the sandbar ATTZ based on depth or exposed elevation ranges that are important to different biota during at least part of their annual cycle for either survival or reproduction. Scenarios included the modelled natural flow regime, current managed flow regime and two environmental flow options, all modelled within the contemporary river active channel. Thirteen point and wing‐dike sandbars were evaluated under four different flow scenarios to explore the effects of flow regime on seasonal habitat availability for foraging of migratory shorebirds and wading birds, nesting of softshell turtles and nursery of riverine fishes. Managed flows provided more foraging habitat for shorebirds and wading birds and more nursery habitat for riverine fishes within the channelized reach sandbar ATTZ than the natural flow regime or modelled environmental flows. Reduced summer flows occurring under natural and environmental flow alternatives increased exposed sandbar nesting habitat for softshell turtle hatchling emergence. Results reveal how management of channelized and flow regulated large rivers could benefit from a modelling framework that couples hydrologic and geomorphic characteristics to predict habitat conditions for a variety of biota. Published in 2011 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Electron Beam‐Induced Current (EBIC) in solution‐processed solar cells
Authors: Reuter Piet , Rath Thomas , Fischereder Achim , Trimmel Gregor , Hadley Peter 
Published: February 2011

AbstractElectron Beam‐Induced Current (EBIC) measurements were used to produce 2D maps for investigating the homogeneity of solar cells. These maps are acquired by scanning the electron beam of a scanning electron microscope over a small area and using a programmable sample stage to move the solar cell under the scan area. The electron beam generates electron–hole pairs in the solar cell much like light does in normal solar cell operation. Solution‐processed solar cells where the active layer consisted of purely inorganic or purely organic materials were measured. Since the electron beam irreversibly damages organic material, it was important to ensure that the measurements were made before the materials were altered. SCANNING 33: 1–6, 2011. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The most recent SSL security attacks: origins, implementation, evaluation, and suggested countermeasures
Authors: El‐Hajj Wassim 
Published: February 2011

ABSTRACTAttacks have been targeting secure socket layer (SSL) from the time it was created especially because of its utmost importance in securing Web transactions. These attacks are either attacks exploiting vulnerabilities in the SSL protocol itself, or attacks exploiting vulnerabilities in the services that SSL uses, such as certificates and web browsers. While the attacks on SSL itself have been successful, at least in the context of academics or other research, attacks on the services that SSL uses have been successfully exploited in an actual commercial setting; the fact that makes these kinds of attacks extremely dangerous. In this paper, we give a brief overview of the attacks conducted on the implementation of SSL and we analyze in more details the recent attacks that exploit the services SSL uses. Most of these attacks are considered Man in the Middle (MitM) attacks. In particular, we explore the most recent five attacks targeting SSL: SSL sniffing, MD5 collide certificate, SSL striping, SSL Null prefix and online certificate status protocol (OCSP) attack. We discuss the origins of each attack and explain the typical environment that allows for such attacks to occur. We then highlight the implementation phase where we implemented some of the attacks and were able to catch logins, passwords, and any data transmitted between two parties. In addition, we implemented using, Java, our own parsers and decoders to extract the useful data from the captured files and decode them if needed. Since most of the discussed attacks target browsers and the way they manage certificates, we conducted an extensive evaluation on the rate of success of the SSL attacks when various browsers are used. The browsers that were considered are Internet explorer (IE), Mozilla Firefox, Opera, Safari, and Chrome. The alarming results show that all analyzed attacks except for SSL Sniffing can be performed on almost all browsers. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Agent‐based modeling of malware dynamics in heterogeneous environments
Authors: Bose Abhijit , Shin Kang G. 
Published: February 2011

ABSTRACTThe increasing convergence of power‐law networks such as social networking and peer‐to‐peer applications, web‐delivered applications, and mobile platforms makes today's users highly vulnerable to entirely new generations of malware that exploit vulnerabilities in web applications and mobile platforms for new infections, while using the power‐law connectivity for finding new victims. The traditional epidemic models based on assumptions of homogeneity, average‐degree distributions, and perfect‐mixing are inadequate to model this type of malware propagation. In this paper, we study four aspects crucial to modeling malware propagation: application‐level interactions among users of such networks, local network structure, user mobility, and network coordination of malware such as botnets. Since closed‐form solutions of malware propagation considering these aspects are difficult to obtain, we describe an open‐source, flexible agent‐based emulation framework that can be used by malware researchers for studying today's complex malware. The framework, called Agent‐Based Malware Modeling (AMM), allows different applications, network structure, network coordination, and user mobility in either a geographic or a logical domain to study various infection and propagation scenarios. In addition to traditional worms and viruses, the framework also allows modeling network coordination of malware such as botnets. The majority of the parameters used in the framework can be derived from real‐life network traces collected from a network, and therefore, represent realistic malware propagation and infection scenarios. As representative examples, we examine two well‐known malware spreading mechanisms: (i) a malicious virus such as Cabir spreading among the subscribers of a cellular network using Bluetooth and (ii) a hybrid worm that exploit email and file‐sharing to infect users of a social network. In both cases, we identify the parameters most important to the spread of the epidemic based upon our extensive simulation results. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Posterior maximization and averaging for Bayesian working model choice in the continual reassessment method
Authors: Daimon T. , Zohar S. , O'Quigley J. 
Published: February 2011

AbstractThe continual reassessment method (CRM) is a method for estimating the maximum tolerated dose in a dose‐finding study. Traditionally, use is made of a single working model or ‘skeleton’ idealizing an underlying true dose–toxicity relationship. This working model is chosen either by discussion with investigators or published data, before the beginning of the trial or simply on the basis of operating characteristics. To overcome the arbitrariness of the choice of such a single working model, Yin and Yuan (biJ. Am. Statist. Assoc. 2009; 104:954–968) propose a model averaging over a set of working models. Here, instead of averaging, we investigate some alternative Bayesian model criteria that maximize the posterior distribution. We propose three adaptive model‐selecting CRMs using the Bayesian model selection criteria, in which we specify in advance a collection of candidate working models for the dose–toxicity relationship, especially initial guesses of toxicity probabilities, and adaptively select the only one working model among the candidates updated by using the original CRM for each working model, based on the posterior model probability, the posterior predictive loss or the deviance information criteria, during the course of the trial. These approaches were compared via a simulation study with the model averaging approach. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.