bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Carbonic anhydrase IX and human papillomavirus as diagnostic biomarkers of cervical dysplasia/neoplasia in women with a cytologic diagnosis of atypical glandular cells: A Gynecologic Oncology Group study in United States
Authors: Liao Shu‐Yuan , Rodgers William H. , Kauderer James , Bonfiglio Thomas A. , Walker Joan L. , Darcy Kathleen M. , Carter Randy , Hatae Masayuji , Levine Lyuba , Spirtos Nick M. , Stanbridge Eric J. 
Published: June 2009

AbstractHigh‐risk human papillomavirus (H‐HPV) infection is strongly linked to cervical neoplasia, but its role in detecting glandular lesions (GLs) is unclear. In the cervix, carbonic anhydrase IX (CA‐IX) is expressed in cervical neoplasia, but rarely in the benign cervix. The diagnostic utility of these biomarkers was evaluated in women with a cytologic diagnosis of atypical glandular cells (AGC). H‐HPV was detected using hybrid capture 2 (HC2) in liquid‐based cytology, and CA‐IX immunoreactivity was studied on conventional Pap smears. Of 403 patients, 111 (28%) were positive for significant cervical lesions (SCLs) including CIN2, CIN3, adenocarcinoma in situ or invasive carcinoma. CA‐IX testing alone (n = 403) had a sensitivity of 75, 95 or 65% for SCLs, significant GLs or squamous lesions (SLs), respectively, with a specificity of 88% and a false negative rate (FNR defined as 1 minus negative predictive value) of 10%. Testing for H‐HPV (n = 122) had a sensitivity of 97, 100 or 96% for SCLs, GLs or SLs, respectively, with a specificity of 87% and a FNR of 1%. The combination of CA‐IX and H‐HPV testing (n = 122), collectively, had the same sensitivity, specificity and FNR for SCLs, GLs or SLs as H‐HPV testing alone. The conclusions of our study are that both H‐HPV and CA‐IX testing are useful diagnostic markers for GLs. However, H‐HPV testing is a better diagnostic marker for SLs. The combination of CA‐IX with H‐HPV testing does not improve the diagnostic accuracy for cervical neoplasia in women with AGC diagnosis over that of H‐HPV testing alone. © 2009 UICC
Breast cancer metastasis suppressor 1 coordinately regulates metastasis‐associated microRNA expression
Authors: Edmonds Mick D. , Hurst Douglas R. , Vaidya Kedar S. , Stafford Lewis J. , Chen Dongquan , Welch Danny R. 
Published: June 2009

AbstractBreast cancer metastasis suppressor 1 (BRMS1) suppresses metastasis of multiple tumor types without blocking tumorigenesis. BRMS1 forms complexes with SIN3, histone deacetylases and selected transcription factors that modify metastasis‐associated gene expression (e.g., EGFR, OPN, PI4P5K1A, PLAU). microRNA (miRNA) are a recently discovered class of regulatory, noncoding RNA, some of which are involved in neoplastic progression. Based on these data, we hypothesized that BRMS1 may also exert some of its antimetastatic effects by regulating miRNA expression. MicroRNA arrays were done comparing small RNAs that were purified from metastatic MDA‐MB‐231 and MDA‐MB‐435 and their nonmetastatic BRMS1‐transfected counterparts. miRNA expression changed by BRMS1 were validated using SYBR Green RT‐PCR. BRMS1 decreased metastasis‐promoting (miR‐10b, ‐373 and ‐520c) miRNA, with corresponding reduction of their downstream targets (e.g., RhoC which is downstream of miR‐10b). Concurrently, BRMS1 increased expression of metastasis suppressing miRNA (miR‐146a, ‐146b and ‐335). Collectively, these data show that BRMS1 coordinately regulates expression of multiple metastasis‐associated miRNA and suggests that recruitment of BRMS1‐containing SIN3:HDAC complexes to, as yet undefined, miRNA promoters might be involved in the regulation of cancer metastasis. © 2009 UICC
RhoB induces apoptosis via direct interaction with TNFAIP1 in HeLa cells
Authors: Kim Dong‐Myung , Chung Kyung‐Sook , Choi Shin‐Jung , Jung Yu‐Jin , Park Song‐Kyu , Han Gyoon‐Hee , Ha Jae‐Seok , Song Kyung‐Bin , Choi Nam‐Song , Kim Hwan‐Mook , Won Misun , Seo Yeon‐Soo 
Published: June 2009

AbstractRhoB, a tumor suppressor, has emerged as an interesting cancer target, and extensive studies aimed at understanding its role in apoptosis have been performed. In our study, we investigated the involvement of RhoB‐interacting molecules in apoptosis. To identify RhoB‐interacting proteins, we performed yeast‐two hybrid screening assays using RhoB as a bait and isolated TNFAIP1, a TNFα‐induced protein containing the BTB/POZ domain. The interaction between RhoB and TNFAIP1 was demonstrated in vivo through coimmunoprecipitation studies and in vitro binding assays. RFP‐TNFAIP1 was found to be partially colocalized with EGFP‐RhoB. The partial colocalization of RhoB and TNFAIP1 in endosomes suggests that RhoB‐TNFAIP1 interactions may have a functional role in apoptosis. TNFAIP1 elicited proapoptotic activity, while simultaneous expression of RhoB and TNFAIP1 resulted in a dramatic increase in apoptosis in HeLa cells. Furthermore, knockdown of RhoB using siRNA clearly rescued cells from apoptosis induced by TNFAIP1. This finding suggests that interactions between RhoB and TNFAIP1 are crucial for induction of apoptosis in HeLa cells. The observation of increased SAPK/JNK phosphorylation in apoptotic cells and the finding that a JNK inhibitor suppressed apoptosis indicates that SAPK/JNK signaling may be involved in apoptosis induced by RhoB‐TNFAIP1 interactions. In conclusion, we found that RhoB interacts with TNFAIP1 to regulate apoptosis via a SAPK/JNK‐mediated signal transduction mechanism. © 2009 UICC
Chromosomal abnormalities and novel disease‐related regions in progression from Barrett's esophagus to esophageal adenocarcinoma
Authors: Akagi Tadayuki , Ito Tetsuo , Kato Motohiro , Jin Zhe , Cheng Yulan , Kan Takatsugu , Yamamoto Go , Olaru Alexandru , Kawamata Norihiko , Boult Jessica , Soukiasian Harmik J. , Miller Carl W. , Ogawa Seishi , Meltzer Stephen J. , Koeffler H. Phillip 
Published: June 2009

AbstractBarrett's esophagus (BE) is a metaplastic condition caused by chronic gastroesophageal reflux which represents an early step in the development of esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC). Single‐nucleotide polymorphism microarray (SNP‐chip) analysis is a novel, precise, high‐throughput approach to examine genomic alterations in neoplasia. Using 250K SNP‐chips, we examined the neoplastic progression of BE to EAC, studying 11 matched sample sets: 6 sets of normal esophagus (NE), BE and EAC, 4 of NE and BE and 1 of NE and EAC. Six (60%) of 10 total BE samples and 4 (57%) of 7 total EAC samples exhibited 1 or more genomic abnormalities comprising deletions, duplications, amplifications and copy‐number‐neutral loss of heterozygosity (CNN‐LOH). Several shared abnormalities were identified, including chromosome 9p CNN‐LOH [2 BE samples (20%)], deletion of CDKN2A [4 BE samples (40%)] and amplification of 17q12‐21.2 involving the ERBB2, RARA and TOP2A genes [3.1 Mb, 2 EAC (29%)]. Interestingly, 1 BE sample contained a homozygous deletion spanning 9p22.3–p22.2 (1.2 Mb): this region harbors only 1 known gene, basonuclin 2 (BNC2). Real‐time PCR analysis confirmed the deletion of this gene and decreased the expression of BNC2 mRNA in the BE sample. Furthermore, transfection and stable expression of BNC2 caused growth arrest of OE33 EAC cells, suggesting that BNC2 functions as a tumor suppressor gene in the esophagus and that deletion of this gene occurs during the development of EAC. Thus, this SNP‐chip analysis has identified several early cytogenetic events and novel candidate cancer‐related genes that are potentially involved in the evolution of BE to EAC. © 2009 UICC
A decision support tool for irrigation infrastructure investments
Authors: Khan Shahbaz , Mushtaq Shahbaz , Chen Charlie 
Published: June 2009

AbstractIncreasing water scarcity, climate change and pressure to provide water for environmental flows urge irrigators to be more efficient. In Australia, ongoing water reforms and most recently the National Water Security Plan offer incentives to irrigators to adjust their farming practices by adopting water‐saving irrigation infrastructures to match soil, crop and climatic conditions.WaterWorks is a decision support tool to facilitate irrigators to make long‐ and short‐term irrigation infrastructure investment decisions at the farm level. It helps irrigators to improve the economic efficiency, water use efficiency and environmental performance of their farm businesses. WaterWorks has been tested, validated and accepted by the irrigation community and researchers in NSW, Australia. The interface of WaterWorks is user‐friendly and flexible. The simulation and optimisation module in WaterWorks provides an opportunity to evaluate infrastructure investment decisions to suit their seasonal or long‐term water availability. The sensitivity analysis allows substantiation of the impact of major variables. Net present value, internal rate of return, benefit–cost ratio and payback period are used to analyse the costs and benefits of modern irrigation technology.Application of WaterWorks using a whole farm‐level case study indicates its effectiveness in making long‐ and short‐term investment decisions. WaterWorks can be easily integrated into commercial software such as spreadsheets, GIS, real‐time data acquisition and control systems to further enhance its usability. WaterWorks can also be used in regional development planning. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Drip irrigation lateral design procedure based on emission uniformity and field microtopography
Authors: Zhu D. L. , Wu P. T. , Merkley G. P. , Jin J. 
Published: June 2009

AbstractField microtopography, hydraulic variation of the emitter, and manufacturing variation of emitters were analyzed to study their influence on the uniformity of drip irrigation system water application. The manufacturing coefficient in the emitter flow equation is taken as a random variable that represents the emitter manufacturing variation. Uneven field microtopography resulting in emitter pressure and flow variations is also considered as a random variable. Microtopography and the manufacturing coefficient that are assumed to follow a normal distribution were generated with a computer code. The rate of emitter discharge variation, the coefficient of discharge variation, and Christiansen's coefficient of uniformity were calculated for drip irrigation systems. Finally, the emitter uniformity equation was determined through the statistical analysis of 100 data sets, and a new design method for drip irrigation laterals is proposed. The results indicate that neglecting the microtopography leads to inappropriate design of lateral pipe diameter and length, especially when emitter operating pressures are low. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
On reproducible econometric research
Authors: Koenker Roger , Zeileis Achim 
Published: June 2009

AbstractRecent software developments are reviewed from the vantage point of reproducible econometric research. We argue that the emergence of new tools, particularly in the open‐source community, have greatly eased the burden of documenting and archiving both empirical and simulation work in econometrics. Some of these tools are highlighted in the discussion of two small replication exercises. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The design and testing of a dual fiber textile matrix for accelerating surface hemostasis
Authors: Fischer Thomas H. , Vournakis John N. , Manning James E. , McCurdy Shane L. , Rich Preston B. , Nichols Timothy C. , Scull Christopher M. , McCord Marian G. , Decorta Joseph A. , Johnson Peter C. , Smith Carr J. 
Published: June 2009

AbstractThe standard treatment for severe traumatic injury is frequently compression and application of gauze dressing to the site of hemorrhage. However, while able to rapidly absorb pools of shed blood, gauze fails to provide strong surface (topical) hemostasis. The result can be excess hemorrhage‐related morbidity and mortality. We hypothesized that cost‐effective materials (based on widespread availability of bulk fibers for other commercial uses) could be designed based on fundamental hemostatic principles to partially emulate the wicking properties of gauze while concurrently stimulating superior hemostasis. A panel of readily available textile fibers was screened for the ability to activate platelets and the intrinsic coagulation cascade in vitro. Type E continuous filament glass and a specialty rayon fiber were identified from the material panel as accelerators of hemostatic reactions and were custom woven to produce a dual fiber textile bandage. The glass component strongly activated platelets while the specialty rayon agglutinated red blood cells. In comparison with gauze in vitro, the dual fiber textile significantly enhanced the rate of thrombin generation, clot generation as measured by thromboelastography, adhesive protein adsorption and cellular attachment and activation. These results indicate that hemostatic textiles can be designed that mimic gauze in form but surpass gauze in ability to accelerate hemostatic reactions. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2009
Spectroscopy techniques for analyzing the hydrolysis of PLGA and PLLA
Authors: Tan Hwee Yun , Widjaja Effendi , Boey Freddy , Loo Say Chye Joachim 
Published: June 2009

AbstractThe in vitro hydrolytic degradation of irradiated biodegradable polymers was studied. Poly(L‐lactide), poly(lactide‐co‐glycolic acid) (PLGA)(80:20), and PLGA(50:50) polymers were first electron beam irradiated at 5 Mrad before hydrolytic degradation. Hydrolysis of these films was characterized through their physical properties—mass loss, average molecular weight, and thermal properties. Changes to the chemical structures of these polyesters were also analyzed using Fourier‐transformed infrared (FTIR) and Raman spectroscopy, and the spectra results were correlated to their physical properties. The results showed that an increase in hydroxyl (OH) group, observed from the FTIR spectroscopy, indicates that the polymer is degrading through hydrolysis—first‐stage degradation. Subsequently, a decrease in CO group, observed from Raman spectroscopy, indicates that the polymer is experiencing mass loss—second‐stage degradation. Therefore, a good correlation exists in determining the extent of polymer degradation through the use of FTIR and Raman spectroscopy by observing changes to the OH and CO groups from the spectra of these nondestructive techniques. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2009
Evaluation of drug‐eluting stents' coating durability—Clinical and regulatory implications
Authors: Levy Yair , Mandler Daniel , Weinberger Judah , Domb Abraham J. 
Published: June 2009

AbstractDrug‐eluting stents (DES) revolutionized cardiovascular treatment by virtually eliminating in‐stent restanosis. However, in the past 3 years the U.S. Food and Drug Administration and published studies have raised several safety issues regarding DES such as late state thrombosis and increased mortality. Recent publications have described DES coating delaminating, cracking, and peeling in commercially available stents. It has been suggested that these properties are responsible for the deleterious effects. The goal of this work is to describe a quantitative in vitro durability tests for DES, referred to as Quantified Defects (QD). The technique was implemented on various stent polymer‐coated models to determine its ability to differentiate between coating properties. Stents' coating defects were tested using light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and a micro‐balance. High‐performance liquid chromatography was used for measuring drug release. Stents were incubated at either 37 or 60°C and sampled at 0, 3, and 30 days. Stent coating durability was tested using stainless steel control stents versus stents having increased surface adhesion, both of which were then coated with conventional spray‐coating methods. Drug‐coated stents tested for defects demonstrated a deteriorating durability profile as reflected by QD indices. Different coating models showed unique QD indices that reflected their superior or inferior coating durability. These results indicated that the methodology was able to differentiate between different models. In conclusion, this simple low‐cost testing methodology can be easily used during DES development, with either durable or biodegradable polymers. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2009
Influence of powder‐to‐liquid monomer ratio on properties of an injectable iodine‐containing acrylic bone cement for vertebroplasty and balloon kyphoplasty
Authors: Lewis Gladius , Koole Leo H. , van Hooy‐Corstjens Catharina S. J. 
Published: June 2009

AbstractThe interventional radiological techniques of vertebroplasty (VP) and balloon kyphoplasty (BKP) are widely used in cases where the pain secondary to compression fractures of vertebral bodies is severe, persistent, and refractory to conservative treatments. In the majority of VP and BKP cases, an injectable poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) bone cement and different values of powder‐to‐liquid monomer ratio (PLMR) are used. A systematic study of the influence of PLMR on relevant cement properties is lacking. This was the subject of the present study, with the injectable PMMA bone cement used being an experimental one whose radiopacity is provided by an iodine‐containing compound in the powder. The PLMRs used—1.54, 2.22, and 3.08 g mL−1—are within the range used in clinical reports on VP and BKP. One property of the curing cement, namely, the polymerization rate at 37°C (k′), was estimated using nonisothermal differential scanning calorimetry results. The fatigue lives (Nf) of cured cement specimens were obtained under axial loading corresponding to axial stresses (S) of ±20.0, 15.0, 12.5, and 10.0 MPa, at a frequency of 2 Hz. The fatigue limit of the cement was estimated from the fit of the S − Nf results to the Olgive equation. With increase in PLMR, k′ increased significantly, but the influence of PLMR on the fatigue limit and on another property also estimated from the S − ln Nf results is not significant. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2009
Forkhead transcription factor foxe1 regulates chondrogenesis in zebrafish
Authors: Nakada Chisako , Iida Atsumi , Tabata Yoko , Watanabe Sumiko 
Published: June 2009

AbstractForkhead transcription factor (Fox) e1 is a causative gene for Bamforth–Lazarus syndrome, which is characterized by hypothyroidism and cleft palate. Applying degenerate polymerase chain reaction using primers specific for the conserved forkhead domain, we identified zebrafish foxe1 (foxe1). Foxe1 is expressed in the thyroid, pharynx, and pharyngeal skeleton during development; strongly expressed in the gill and weakly expressed in the brain, eye, and heart in adult zebrafish. A loss of function of foxe1 by morpholino antisense oligo (MO) exhibited abnormal craniofacial development, shortening of Meckel's cartilage and the ceratohyals, and suppressed chondrycytic proliferation. However, at 27 hr post fertilization, the foxe1 MO‐injected embryos showed normal dlx2, hoxa2, and hoxb2 expression, suggesting that the initial steps of pharyngeal skeletal development, including neural crest migration and specification of the pharyngeal arch occurred normally. In contrast, at 2 dpf, a severe reduction in the expression of sox9a, colIIaI, and runx2b, which play roles in chondrocytic proliferation and differentiation, was observed. Interestingly, fgfr2 was strongly upregulated in the branchial arches of the foxe1 MO‐injected embryos. Unlike Foxe1‐null mice, normal thyroid development in terms of morphology and thyroid‐specific marker expression was observed in foxe1 MO‐injected zebrafish embryos. Taken together, our results indicate that Foxe1 plays an important role in chondrogenesis during development of the pharyngeal skeleton in zebrafish, probably through regulation of fgfr2 expression. Furthermore, the roles reported for FOXE1 in mammalian thyroid development may have been acquired during evolution. J. Exp. Zool. (Mol. Dev. Evol.) 312B:827–840, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Use of fluorescence labeled mesenchymal stem cells in pluronic F127 and porous hydroxyapatite as a bone substitute for posterolateral spinal fusion
Authors: Chen Wen‐Jer , Huang Jau‐Wen , Niu Chi‐Chien , Chen Lih‐Huei , Yuan Li‐Jen , Lai Po‐Liang , Yang Chuen‐Yung , Lin Song‐Shu 
Published: June 2009

AbstractPosterolateral spinal fusion is used to treat patients with degenerative spinal disorders. We investigated the effectiveness of a mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)/Pluronic F127/Interpore hybrid graft for spinal fusion in rabbits. Spinal fusion was examined using radiography, manual palpation, computed tomography (CT), torsional loading tests, and histological analysis. Using a PKH fluorescence labeling system, we also examined whether the newly formed bone was derived from the transplanted MSCs. We found that the MSCs adhered to the Interpore surface and within its pores, and differentiated into osteoblasts. Radiographs and CT images showed a continuous bone bridge and a satisfactory fusion mass incorporated into the transverse processes. The results of manual palpation and biomechanical data did not differ significantly from an autograft group. Histology from both groups revealed the presence of fibrous tissue, cartilage, and endochondral ossification in the gaps between the grafted fragments. In both groups, the degree of mature bone formation was greater at 12 weeks than at 6 weeks after grafting. Quantitative histomorphometry revealed no significant differences between the two groups at either time point. In situ tracing of the PKH 67‐labeled MSCs indicated that the transplanted MSCs were partly responsible for the new bone formation in both the repaired transverse processes and the grafted fragments. Thus, the MSC/Pluronic F127/Interpore hybrid graft could be used effectively to achieve posterolateral spinal fusion. © 2009 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 27:1631–1636, 2009
Relationship between solute transport properties and tissue morphology in human annulus fibrosus
Authors: Travascio Francesco , Jackson Alicia R. , Brown Mark D. , Gu Wei Yong 
Published: June 2009

AbstractPoor nutritional supply to the intervertebral disc is believed to be an important factor leading to disc degeneration. However, little is known regarding nutritional transport in human annulus fibrosus (AF) and its relation to tissue morphology. We hypothesized that solute diffusivity in human AF is anisotropic and inhomogeneous, and that transport behaviors are associated with tissue composition and structure. To test these hypotheses, we measured the direction‐dependent diffusivity of a fluorescent molecule (fluorescein, 332 Da) in three regions of AF using a fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP) technique, and associated transport results to the regional variation in water content and collagen architecture in the tissue. Diffusivity in AF was anisotropic, with higher values in the axial direction than in the radial direction for all regions investigated. The values of the diffusion coefficient ranged from 0.38 ± 0.25 × 10−6 cm2/s (radial diffusivity in outer AF) to 2.68 ± 0.84 × 10−6 cm2/s (axial diffusivity in inner AF). In both directions, diffusivity decreased moving from inner to outer AF. Tissue structure was investigated using both scanning electron microscopy and environmental scanning electron microscopy. A unique arrangement of microtubes was found in human AF. Furthermore, we also found that the density of these microtubes varied moving from inner to outer AF. A similar trend of regional variation was found for water content, with the highest value also measured in inner AF. Therefore, we concluded that a relationship exists among the anisotropic and inhomogeneous diffusion in human AF and the structure and composition of the tissue. © 2009 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 27:1625–1630, 2009