bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Automation of green roof plant cover measurements using machine learning and a comparison of digital and thermal imaging techniques
Authors: Cao Ronglan , MacIvor J. Scott 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAimsPost‐analyses of digital red, green, blue (RGB) and thermal images have become increasingly popular as modern approaches to plant cover analysis. Image analyses are often coupled with semi‐automated or automated workflows to reduce the amount of human labor input compared with traditional manual procedures. This study aims to evaluate and compare different image segmentation methods for plant cover analysis using digital RGB and thermal images, focusing on the effectiveness of semi‐automated and manual segmentation techniques in monitoring plant cover on green roofs.LocationAn Extensive green roof in the City of Toronto.MethodsWe surveyed the plant cover of an extensive green roof using digital and thermal imagery. The plant cover values were obtained using three methods: traditional manual segmentation based on a visual examination (MS), ImageJ Color Threshold (CT) and Trainable Weka Segmentation (TWS), all performed within FIJI (a distribution of ImageJ). Manual segmentation based on visual examination was used as a reference standard.ResultsSignificant correlation was found between the cover estimation using the CT and TWS methods relative to MS, and between cover estimation using the thermal image and the RGB image. TWS overestimated plant cover on thermal images while producing an underestimation on RGB images. CT demonstrated a performance closer to MS than TWS, indicating that manually customized methods produced results more aligned with MS. The estimated cover values by MS were not significantly affected by the image type (digital RGB or thermal).ConclusionsResults suggest that RGB and thermal imaging techniques may provide complementary results and reveal unique information regarding the functioning of green roofs. The accuracy of supervised machine‐learning methods could be enhanced with site‐specific data to provide a more accurate and efficient estimation of plant cover, which might be beneficial for long‐term studies on green roofs and ecological sites in remote locations.
Student–teacher relationships and sense of academic futility: Longitudinal associations among early adolescents of immigrant and non‐immigrant background
Authors: Bobba Beatrice , Yanagida Takuya , Wiertsema Maria , Miconi Diana , Oyekola Adebunmi , Chukwueke Ifunanya , Özdemir Sevgi Bayram 
Published: June 2024

AbstractSense of academic futility entails feelings of having no control over ones' educational success. Although mounting evidence points to its negative consequences for students' educational outcomes, less is known about its socio‐contextual antecedents. Relatedly, the current study explored how fair and supportive relationships with teachers are related to the sense of academic futility and if class belonging mediates this link in a sample of adolescents with immigrant and non‐immigrant backgrounds. A total of 1065 seventh‐grade students (Mage = 13.12; SD = 0.42; 45% girls) from 55 classrooms completed questionnaires at two time points 1 year apart. Results of multilevel analyses indicated that fair and supportive relationships with teachers contributed to decreases in sense of academic futility at the individual but not at the classroom level. No mediation or moderation effects emerged. These findings highlight the crucial role of democratic student–teacher relationships in supporting the positive school adjustment of all students in increasingly multicultural societies.
Determining the number of attributes in the GDINA model
Authors: Wang Juntao , Duan Jiangtao 
Published: June 2024

AbstractExploratory cognitive diagnosis models have been widely used in psychology, education and other fields. This paper focuses on determining the number of attributes in a widely used cognitive diagnosis model, the GDINA model. Under some conditions of cognitive diagnosis models, we prove that there exists a special structure for the covariance matrix of observed data. Due to the special structure of the covariance matrix, an estimator based on eigen‐decomposition is proposed for the number of attributes for the GDINA model. The performance of the proposed estimator is verified by simulation studies. Finally, the proposed estimator is applied to two real data sets Examination for the Certificate of Proficiency in English (ECPE) and Big Five Personality (BFP).
Efficacy in diet‐induced obese mice of the hepatotropic, peripheral cannabinoid 1 receptor inverse agonist TM38837
Authors: Cooper Martin E. , Nørregaard Pia K. , Högberg Thomas , Andersson Gunnar , Receveur Jean‐Marie , Linget Jean‐Michel , Elling Christian E. 
Published: June 2024

Background and PurposeThe cannabinoid CB1 receptor has a well‐established role in appetite regulation. Drugs antagonizing central CB1 receptors, most notably rimonabant, induced weight loss and improved the metabolic profile in obese individuals but were discontinued due to psychiatric side effects. However, metabolic benefits were only partially attributable to weight loss, implying a role for peripheral receptors, and peripherally restricted CB1 receptor antagonists have since been of interest. Herein, we describe the evaluation of the peripherally restricted potent CB1 receptor inverse agonists TM38837 and TM39875, with acidic functionality, which were administered daily to diet‐induced obese (DIO) mice for 5 weeks at doses for which CNS‐mediated effects were minimal.Experimental ApproachCompounds were tested in dose–response in acute studies to compare efficacy (gastric transport) and extent of CNS exposure (hypothermia and satiety sequence) to demonstrate peripheral restriction and select doses for the subsequent chronic DIO study.Key ResultsTM38837 but not TM39875 produced considerable (26%) weight loss, linked to a sustained reduction in food intake, together with improvements in plasma markers of inflammation and glucose homeostasis. Pharmacokinetic analysis indicated high plasma and low brain levels for both compounds with high liver levels for TM38837 (but not TM39875) due to hepatic uptake.Conclusion and ImplicationsWeight loss and metabolic benefits of TM38837 are likely not CNS‐mediated but could be linked to enhanced liver exposure, which implicates intracellular CB1 receptors in hepatocytes as a possible driver of obesity and co‐morbidities.
SYT4 binds to SNAP25 to facilitate exosomal secretion and prostate cancer enzalutamide resistance
Authors: Huang Budeng , Deng Xiyue , Zhou Guochao , Li Keqiang , Feng Yuankang , Xie Guoqing , Liu Ruoyang , Song Liang , Huang Zhenlin , Jia Zhankui 
Published: June 2024

AbstractProstate carcinoma represents a predominant malignancy affecting the male population, with androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) serving as a critical therapeutic modality for advanced disease states, but it often leads to the development of resistance. Enzalutamide (Enz), a second‐generation antiandrogen drug, initially offers substantial therapeutic benefit, but its efficacy wanes as drug resistance ensues. In this study, we found that synaptotagmin 4 (SYT4) is an upregulated gene in enzalutamide‐resistant (EnzR) cell lines. The downregulation of SYT4, in combination with enzalutamide therapy, substantially enhances the antiproliferative effect on resistant prostate cancer cells beyond the capacity of enzalutamide monotherapy. SYT4 promotes vesicle efflux by binding to the synaptosome‐associated protein 25 (SNAP25), thereby contributing to cell resistance against enzalutamide. The elevated expression of SYT4 is mediated by bromodomain‐containing protein 4 (BRD4), and BRD4 inhibition effectively suppressed the expression of SYT4. Treatment with a therapeutic dose of enzalutamide combined with ASO‐1, an antisense oligonucleotide drug targeting SYT4, shows promising results in reversing the resistance of prostate cancer to enzalutamide.
Self‐regulation and comprehension in shared reading: The moderating effects of verbal interactions and E‐book discussion prompts
Authors: Yang Dandan , Ge Yan , Sun Yiwen , Collins Penelope , Jaeggi Susanne M. , Xu Ying , Shea Zhiling Meng , Warschauer Mark 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe study examined how children's self‐regulation skills measured by the strengths and weaknesses of ADHD symptoms and normal behavior rating are associated with story comprehension and how verbal engagement and e‐book discussion prompts moderate this relation. Children aged 3–7 (N = 111, 50% female, Chinese as first language) read an interactive Chinese–English bilingual story e‐book with or without discussion prompts twice with their parents (2020–2021). Results demonstrated that the lower children's self‐regulation skills, the more they struggled with story comprehension. Critically, our data suggest that embedding e‐book discussion prompts and more verbalization in English can mitigate this negative association for children with inattention/hyperactivity. These findings have critical implications for future e‐book design, interventions, and home reading practice for children with inattention/hyperactivity and those at risk for attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder.
Preventive behaviors of respiratory infections in staff of hospital in Kazeroon, Fars, Iran: An application of protection motivation theory
Authors: Rakhshani Tayebeh , Shafiei Zohreh , Taravatmanesh Samira , Kashfi Seyyed Mansour , Harsini Pooyan Afzali , Kamyab Amirhossein , Jeihooni Ali Khani 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundOne of the most crucial and essential methods for the prevention and management of respiratory infections is for healthcare professionals to take precautions for their own safety. Using Protection Motivation Theory (PMT), the current study looked into effective elements influencing the staff at Kazeroon's Valiasr Hospital's preventive actions against respiratory diseases.MethodsOne hundred ninety‐two male and 108 female employees of the Valiasr Hospital in Kazeroon, Iran, participated in this cross‐sectional study, in May 2022. Census data were used as the sample technique. A questionnaire based on the PMT and a questionnaire collecting demographic data served as the data collection method. The study's content validity was confirmed by 10 health education experts, and its reliability was assessed using internal consistency techniques, resulting in a Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.87.The statistical program SPSS 24 was used to examine the data using the independent t test, logistic regression, and Pearson correlation.ResultsThe average age was 34.11 ± 8.91 for men and 32.77 ± 6.09 for women. The majority of participants were married (73.3%), had university education (76.7%), and earned a monthly income between 10 and 15 million Tomans (75%). Notably, 97.7% of participants had received the COVID‐19 vaccine, and 77.7% had undergone training related to respiratory infections. The most common preventive practices included avoiding touching the eyes, noses, or mouths, wearing appropriate protective gear, and maintaining a safe distance of 1–2 m from others. Analysis of PMT constructs showed that participants had a generally positive perception toward preventive behaviors. Perceived vulnerability (P = 0.02), perceived cost (P = 0.03), and motivation (P = 0.001) were the three analyzed components that had the greatest impact on respiratory infection preventative behavior. Logistic regression revealed that perceived susceptibility, cost, and motivation significantly predicted the prevention of respiratory infections, with a predictive power of 45%. These findings highlight the importance of understanding the factors influencing preventive behaviors among hospital staff, from respiratory infections like COVID‐19.ConclusionAccording to the findings, the personnel at Kazeroon's Valiasr Hospital wore gloves, goggles, and other appropriate personal protective equipment. The individuals' decision to wear personal protection equipment was also impacted by perceived susceptibility, cost, and motivation.
The incidence and persistence of partnerships in a British industrial city: Glasgow, 1861–81
Authors: Acheson Graeme , McLaughlin Eoin , Newton Gill , Perriton Linda 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis paper examines the prevalence of business partnerships in a late‐nineteenth‐century British city, using individual‐level data from post office directories and censuses. Focusing on Glasgow, we present a detailed picture of partnership number and type, demographic characteristics of the entrepreneurs who ran them, and how these businesses persisted over time. We show that partnerships were a key business grouping in the city and demonstrate that the partnership form was advantageous in manufacturing and that the majority of partnerships were formed between individuals without family ties. Furthermore, we offer new insight into business longevity, showing that partnership business survival broadly matched corporate survival rates in this period, with persistence data also suggesting that kinship partnerships were better able to deal with the perceived hold‐up problems associated with the partnership form.
Safety and efficacy of concomitant treatment with non‐vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants and antiseizure medications: A propensity score matching cohort study
Authors: Giustozzi Michela , Calvello Carmen , Eusebi Paolo , Paolini Paoletti Federico , Silvestrelli Giorgio , Mazzetti Matteo , Silla Marialuisa , Bellotti Alessia , Vedovati Maria Cristina , Becattini Cecilia , Romoli Michele , Parnetti Lucilla , Paciaroni Maurizio , Costa Cinzia 
Published: June 2024

AbstractResearch on cerebrovascular events in atrial fibrillation (AF) patients taking non‐vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants (NOACs) with antiseizure medications (ASMs) is limited, highlighting a significant gap in literature. We assessed thrombotic and hemorrhagic risks in patients on NOACs and ASMs versus those on NOACs or ASMs alone. We analyzed a retrospective cohort from five centers, including AF and epilepsy patients on both medications (n = 188), AF patients on NOACs (n = 298), and epilepsy patients on ASMs (n = 50), with a 3‐year follow‐up. Propensity score matching adjusted for cardiovascular risk differences. The primary outcomes were ischemic stroke, transient ischemic attack, and major bleeding. Results showed the ASM+NOAC group had a higher risk of primary outcomes compared to the NOAC‐only group (5.68% vs. 1.18%, hazard ratio = 5.72, 95% confidence interval = 2.22–14.73), with no events in the ASM‐only group. This suggests an increased risk for patients on combined NOAC and ASM therapy, underlining the need for careful drug interaction consideration.
Experimental study on the bearing mechanical characteristics and deformation failure mechanism of damaged sandy mudstone
Authors: Zhang Dongxiao , Zhang Pengfei , Zhang Yueying , Guo Wenjing , Zhao Yongqiang , Zhang Wei , Fu Guangsheng 
Published: June 2024

AbstractStudying the mechanical properties and failure mechanisms of damaged rocks holds practical significance in guiding tunnel or roadway support and assessing the stability of engineering rock masses. To uncover the failure mechanisms of sandy mudstone with varying degrees of damage, we conducted cyclic loading‐unloading tests to create specimens at different damage levels. Subsequently, uniaxial loading tests were performed to investigate the fundamental mechanical properties, wave velocity, and acoustic emission (AE) parameter evolution characteristics of the damaged specimens. The classification of damaged rocks was based on the energy evolution characteristics of damaged sandy mudstone. Finally, we discuss the damage and deterioration mechanisms of different types of sandy mudstone. The findings contribute to establishing a theoretical foundation for evaluating the degree of rock damage.
A physics‐informed neural network framework based on fatigue indicator parameters for very high cycle fatigue life prediction of an additively manufactured titanium alloy
Authors: Li Hang , Sun Guanze , Tian Zhao , Huang Kezhi , Zhao Zihua 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe exploitation of fatigue life prediction methods based on fatigue indicator parameters revealed the influence of the defect size, position, and morphology on the fatigue life and fatigue behavior of additively manufactured metals. Meanwhile, Data‐driven life prediction methods are time‐efficient but inexplainable. Current machine learning‐based fatigue life prediction methods call for not only the accuracy but also the interpretability and stability of prediction results. Thus, the fusion of physical methods and machine learning methods has been a prevailing research topic in fatigue life prediction. In this study, a novel physics‐informed neural network framework is proposed by integrating a fatigue indicator parameter based on defects into the physical constraints term of a loss function. This method outperforms conventional machine learning methods in high‐cycle and very high‐cycle regimes, exhibiting superior prediction performance and generalization ability. Furthermore, the prediction results can be explained from a physical standpoint, correlating with the applicability range of the introduced physical equation describing defect positions.
How faculty members' organizational citizenship behaviours can be predicted by their personality traits: The moderating role of perceived university brand
Authors: Aghaz Asal , Sheikh Alireza , Salmasi Soroush Dehghan , Tarighian Asra 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe qualifications of faculty members play a crucial role in the success of educational systems. Academics with a high level of organizational citizenship behaviour (OCB) are mostly valued due to the excellent services they offer to their students. This study aims to investigate the impact of faculty members' personality traits on their OCB. Additionally, it examines the moderating role of the perceived university brand in the relation between the two variables. This study is quantitative in nature and the sample includes professors working at seven prestigious Iranian universities. Overall, 422 questionnaires were gathered. By the use of Smart‐PLS, the results indicate that academic members with conscientious, agreeable and openness personality traits tend to show higher levels of OCB. On the flip side, neuroticism negatively predicts academics' OCB. Moreover, this research indicates that perceived university brand significantly moderates only the effect of openness trait on faculty members' OCB, meaning that professors with openness to experience traits who are working at such universities, are more likely to engage in OCB.
Chitosan‐based endodontic irrigation solutions and TGF‐β1 treatment: Creating the most favourable environment for the survival and proliferation of stem cells of the apical papilla in vitro
Authors: Belkadi Roumaissa , Sanz‐Serrano Diana , Ventura Francesc , Mercade Montse 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe dental pulp's environment is essential for the regulation of mesenchymal stem cells' homeostasis and thus, it is of great importance to evaluate the materials used in regenerative procedures.AimTo assess in vitro (i) the effect of chitosan nanoparticles, 0.2% chitosan irrigation solution, Dual Rinse®, 17% EDTA, 10% citric acid and 2.5% NaOCl on DSCS viability; (ii) the effect of different concentrations of TGF‐β1 on DCSC proliferation; and (iii) whether treatment with TGF‐β1 following exposure to the different irrigation solutions could compensate for their negative effects.Methodology(i) DSCS were treated with three dilutions (1:10, 1:100 and 1:1000) of the six irrigation solutions prepared in DMEM for 10 and 60 min to assess the effect on viability. (ii) The effect of different concentrations (0, 1, 5 and 10 ng/mL) of TGF‐β1 on DCSC proliferation was assessed at 1, 3 and 7 days. (iii) The proliferative effect of TGF‐β1 following 10‐min exposure to 1:10 dilution of each irrigation solution was also tested. We used MTT assay to assess viability and proliferation. We performed statistical analysis using Prism software.Results(i) The different endodontic irrigation solutions tested showed a significant effect on cell viability (p ≤ .0001). Significant interactions between the endodontic irrigation solutions and their dilutions were also found for all parameters (p ≤ .0001). Chitosan nanoparticles and 0.2% chitosan irrigation solution were the least cytotoxic to DSCS whilst 2.5% NaOCl was the most cytotoxic followed by 17% EDTA. (ii) TGF‐β1 at concentrations of 1 and 5 ng/mL resulted in significantly higher proliferation compared to the control group. (iii) Exposure to 17% EDTA or 2.5% NaOCl for 10 min was sufficient to make DSCS cells refractory to the proliferative effects of TGF‐β1. DSCS groups treated with TGF‐β1 following exposure to chitosan nanoparticles, 0.2% chitosan irrigation solution, Dual Rinse® and 10% CA demonstrated significantly higher proliferation compared to non‐TGF‐β1‐treated groups (p ≤ .0001, p ≤ .0001, p ≤ .0001 and p = .01 respectively).ConclusionsThe current study offers data that can be implemented to improve the outcome of regenerative endodontic procedures by using less toxic irrigation solutions and adding TGF‐β1 to the treatment protocol.
Nail changes in pemphigus: a systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Ng Clara X. , Lau Xer Min Nicole , Choi Ellie Ci‐En , Long Valencia , Chandran Nisha Suyien 
Published: June 2024

AbstractPemphigus is a group of autoimmune mucocutaneous bullous disorders characterized by acantholysis resulting from autoantibodies targeting epithelial cell surface antigens. Studies reflect the presence of nail manifestations in some patients and suggest a potential correlation with clinical severity. This study examines the overall prevalence and characterizes the diverse manifestations of nail changes in pemphigus. We searched Cochrane, MEDLINE, EMBASE, and LILACS from 1990 to June 26, 2023 for studies reporting different nail changes in pemphigus patients. Data were collected and pooled to obtain proportions of the prevalence of nail changes in patients with pemphigus and subgroup analysis for pemphigus foliaceous and pemphigus vulgaris. The risk of bias was assessed with the Joanna Briggs Institute Checklist. Of 321 studies screened, 14 studies with 1,208 patients were included. Paronychia (n = 185) and Beau's lines (n = 104) were the most common nail changes identified. The pooled prevalence of nail disease in pemphigus patients was 0.389 (number of studies; [95% CI]: n = 9; [0.160–0.680], with high heterogeneity between studies (I2 = 95.0%, P < 0.001). Subgroup analysis revealed the highest prevalence in pemphigus foliaceous at 0.342 (n = 3; [0.109–0.688]) and pemphigus vulgaris at 0.396 (n = 5; [0.114–0.769]). Nail changes exhibited varied temporal relationships with disease onset and flares, preceding, concurrent, or following these events. Correlation with disease severity was noted, although discrepancies between studies were reported. Nail changes in pemphigus, particularly pemphigus vulgaris and pemphigus foliaceous, may be underrecognized. Observations regarding temporal associations and potential correlations with disease severity highlight the diagnostic and prognostic implications of nail changes in pemphigus. The limitations of this study include study heterogeneity and possible bias. Further research to establish the correlation of the presence and severity of nail changes on the overall disease course would be helpful.