bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Quality Implementation Framework: A Synthesis of Critical Steps in the Implementation Process
Authors: Meyers Duncan C. , Durlak Joseph A. , Wandersman Abraham 
Published: May 2012

AbstractImplementation science is growing in importance among funders, researchers, and practitioners as an approach to bridging the gap between science and practice. We addressed three goals to contribute to the understanding of the complex and dynamic nature of implementation. Our first goal was to provide a conceptual overview of the process of implementation by synthesizing information from 25 implementation frameworks. The synthesis extends prior work by focusing on specific actions (i.e., the “how to”) that can be employed to foster high quality implementation. The synthesis identified 14 critical steps that were used to construct the Quality Implementation Framework (QIF). These steps comprise four QIF phases: Initial Considerations Regarding the Host Setting, Creating a Structure for Implementation, Ongoing Structure Once Implementation Begins, and Improving Future Applications. Our second goal was to summarize research support for each of the 14 QIF steps and to offer suggestions to direct future research efforts. Our third goal was to outline practical implications of our findings for improving future implementation efforts in the world of practice. The QIF's critical steps can serve as a useful blueprint for future research and practice. Applying the collective guidance synthesized by the QIF to the Interactive Systems Framework for Dissemination and Implementation (ISF) emphasizes that accountability for quality implementation does not rest with the practitioner Delivery System alone. Instead, all three ISF systems are mutually accountable for quality implementation.Special Issue: Advances in Bridging Research and Practice Using the Interactive System Framework for Dissemination and Implementation; Guest Editors: Abraham Wandersman, Paul Flaspohler, Catherine A. Lesesne, Richard Puddy; Action Editor: Emilie Phillips Smith
Natural disease course and genotype‐phenotype correlations in Complex I deficiency caused by nuclear gene defects: what we learned from 130 cases
Authors: Koene S. , Rodenburg R. J. , van der Knaap M. S. , Willemsen M. A. A. P. , Sperl W. , Laugel V. , Ostergaard E. , Tarnopolsky M. , Martin M. A. , Nesbitt V. , Fletcher J. , Edvardson S. , Procaccio V. , Slama A. , den van Heuvel L. P. W. J. , Smeitink J. A. M. 
Published: May 2012

AbstractMitochondrial complex I is the largest multi‐protein enzyme complex of the oxidative phosphorylation system. Seven subunits of this complex are encoded by the mitochondrial and the remainder by the nuclear genome. We review the natural disease course and signs and symptoms of 130 patients (four new cases and 126 from literature) with mutations in nuclear genes encoding structural complex I proteins or those involved in its assembly. Complex I deficiency caused by a nuclear gene defect is usually a non‐dysmorphic syndrome, characterized by severe multi‐system organ involvement and a poor prognosis. Age at presentation may vary, but is generally within the first year of life. The most prevalent symptoms include hypotonia, nystagmus, respiratory abnormalities, pyramidal signs, dystonia, psychomotor retardation or regression, failure to thrive, and feeding problems. Characteristic symptoms include brainstem involvement, optic atrophy and Leigh syndrome on MRI, either or not in combination with internal organ involvement and lactic acidemia. Virtually all children ultimately develop Leigh syndrome or leukoencephalopathy. Twenty‐five percent of the patients died before the age of six months, more than half before the age of two and 75 % before the age of ten years. Some patients showed recovery of certain skills or are still alive in their thirties . No clinical, biochemical, or genetic parameters indicating longer survival were found. No clear genotype‐phenotype correlations were observed, however defects in some genes seem to be associated with a better or poorer prognosis, cardiomyopathy, Leigh syndrome or brainstem lesions.
Synthesis and Solution Properties of Novel Sugar‐Based Polysiloxane Surfactants
Authors: Zeng Xiaojun , Lu Zhongpei , Liu Yan 
Published: May 2012

AbstractTwo sugar‐based polysiloxane surfactants with well‐defined structures, 3‐(2‐aminoethylamino)propyl functional polysiloxane glucosamide grafted (AEAPFPS‐GA) and 3‐(2‐aminoethylamino)propyl functional polysiloxane lactobionamide grafted (AEAPFPS‐LA), were successfully synthesized and characterized by FT‐IR and1H NMR. Their surface activities and aggregation behavior in aqueous solution were investigated by surface tension measurements, dynamic light scattering (DLS) and negative‐stain transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The surface tension measurements provided the critical micelle concentration (CMC) and the surface tension at the CMC (γCMC), which revealed that these two surfactants have a much higher surface activity than those of conventional hydrocarbon surfactants. DLS and TEM analysis of the two polysiloxane surfactants aqueous solutions revealed that the AEAPFPS‐GA can self‐assemble into collapsed spherical micelles, and the AEAPFPS‐LA can self‐assemble into spherical micelles.
Value and feasibility of LLETZ procedures for pregnant women with suspected high‐grade squamous intraepithelial lesions and microinvasive cervical cancer
Authors: Schaefer Kristina , Peters Dorothee , Aulmann Sebastian , Sohn Christof , Eichbaum Michael H.R. 
Published: May 2012

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the efficacy, safety, and feasibility of large loop excision of the transformation zone (LLETZ) procedures during pregnancy.MethodsA retrospective study included 27 patients who underwent LLETZ during pregnancy for suspected high‐grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL) where microinvasion could not be excluded. The study investigated intraoperative and postoperative complications, and compared preoperative and postoperative results. Questionnaires were used to obtain information about peripartum and postpartum data.ResultsThree (11.1%) women had invasive or microinvasive cancer, 22 (81.5%) had cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) 3, and 1 (3.7%) had CIN 2. Twenty‐four were positive for high‐risk human papillomavirus. All cervical cancers were classified as HSIL or CIN 3 before LLETZ. There were positive resection margins in 15 (55.6%) cases. No intraoperative complications occurred. One (3.7%) patient had a postoperative missed abortion. Major complications such as premature labor or cervical incompetence without influence on delivery occurred after LLETZ in 4 (14.8%) patients.ConclusionLLETZ during pregnancy can be performed if invasive cancer cannot be excluded by colposcopy, cytology, or biopsy. The procedure has a diagnostic intention but can also be a curative therapy in pregnancy, with low intraoperative, postoperative, and peripartum complication rates.
Reproductive experiences of teenagers in the Ejisu‐Juabeng district of Ghana
Authors: Morhe Emmanuel S.K. , Tagbor Harry K. , Ankobea Frank K. , Danso Kwabena A. 
Published: May 2012

AbstractObjectiveTo determine the proportions of male and female teenagers aged 15–19 years who have ever been involved in pregnancy, and to examine factors associated with involvement in teenage pregnancy in the Ejisu‐Juabeng district of Ghana.MethodsIn a household‐based cross‐sectional survey, 481 randomly selected male and female teenagers were enrolled between August 3 and September 17, 2009. Study variables included demographics; sexual exposure; contraceptive use; and involvement in pregnancy, childbirth, and induced abortion. Multivariable multinomial logistic regression analyses were used to examine the association between involvement in pregnancy, and the background and reproductive profiles of the respondents via SPSS version 16.0.ResultsBoth the mean and median ages of the respondents were 17.2 years. One‐third of respondents lived with both parents, and one‐third lived with single mothers. The median age of sexual debut was 16.0 years. Approximately 58% of sexually experienced females had been pregnant, and 37% had had an induced abortion. Age at sexual debut, gender, and being out of school were significantly associated with involvement in teenage pregnancy, whereas residential status, relationship with first partner, and contraceptive use were not.ConclusionKeeping adolescents enrolled in school might reduce their risk of involvement in pregnancy in the Ejisu‐Juabeng district of Ghana.
Facial nerve palsy as a complication of ear syringing
Authors: Thomas A M , Poojary B , Badaridatta H C 
Published: May 2012

AbstractIntroduction:Syringing of the ear is one of the most common procedures performed for cleaning cerumen from the external auditory canal. Common complications following syringing are pain, external auditory canal trauma and otitis externa. Hearing and vestibular loss have also been reported as complications. However, we are unaware of any report of facial nerve palsy as a complication of ear syringing. Such a case is reported.Case presentation:We describe a case of facial nerve palsy as a complication of syringing, which demonstrates the dramatic presentation of this condition and emphasises the need for great care while syringing the ears.Conclusion:It is important to be aware of this unusual complication with its distinctive presentation. Surgical intervention should be undertaken at the earliest opportunity, for favourable results. A risk-minimising strategy for ear syringing is recommended.
Towards a new societal security dilemma: comprehensive analysis of actor responsibility in intersocietal conflicts
Authors: BILGIC ALI 
Published: May 2012

AbstractScholars of the societal security dilemma implicitly or explicitly aim to analyse actor responsibility in intersocietal group confrontations. However, adherence of these approaches to (neo-)realist theoretical assumptions of the security dilemma hinders this objective. This article provides analytical principles upon which a new societal security dilemma can be constructed in order to conduct a more comprehensive analysis of actor responsibility. A new societal security dilemma framework can be built upon three principles: (1) a security dilemma results in violence depending on how the actors themselves interpret the political structure in which they interact with others; (2) differentiation of actors' intentions as malign or benign is inconsequential; what matters is how actors interpret security and which tools they choose to adopt to achieve security; and (3) identity is not exogenous to the politics of security. Adopting these principles requires reconceptualisation of the security dilemma. It will be argued that a new societal security, which reflects the politics of security, can provide a more comprehensive, dynamic, political, and realistic analysis of actor responsibility in societal-level confrontations. These new principles will be illustrated through re-reading of the dissolution of Yugoslavia to analyse actor responsibility as a sketch of the new societal security dilemma theorising.
Sovereignty as irresponsibility? A Realist critique of the Responsibility to Protect
Authors: MOSES JEREMY 
Published: May 2012

AbstractThis article aims to cast a critical light on the concept of ‘sovereignty as responsibility’, which lies at the heart of the Responsibility to Protect (RtoP). It argues that there are two distinct strands of theorising about sovereignty,de factoandde jure, which are not often clearly distinguished in the literature. After establishing the concept of ‘sovereignty as responsibility’ as ade juretheory of sovereignty, the article goes on to contrast thede factotheory, based upon the sovereignty theories of Hobbes, Schmitt, and Morgenthau. I argue that thede factotheories of sovereignty, concerned as they are with unlimited power and decision as the essence of sovereign authority, can be used to highlight the lack of appreciation of power in the literature surrounding the Responsibility to Protect. This is particularly the case in relation to the just war principles of ‘right authority’ and ‘reasonable prospects of success’, both of which lie at the heart of the RtoP criteria for assessing when military interventions for human protection purposes may take place. In conclusion, it is argued that any attempt to advance the RtoP norm must engage with the problem of unlimited power in a more sustained manner.
Secular theology and noble sacrifice: the ethics of Michael Walzer's just war theory
Authors: O'CALLAGHAN RONAN 
Published: May 2012

AbstractThe last decade has witnessed an attempt to solidify debate on war around the dichotomy of just war and holy war. In this dichotomy, the just war has increasingly been depicted as the progressive secularised opposite to holy war's antiquated religious fundamentalism. While wars argued for under the just war banner have been extensively critiqued and protested against, the rights based language of just war theory has largely escaped critical evaluation. Michael Walzer has emerged as a pivotal figure in just war theory's modern, secular rebirth within the discipline of International Relations. Walzer's theory argues the language of just war theory provides an effective means for us to engage with the moral reality of war. Drawing upon the work of Jacques Derrida this article investigates the construction of Walzer's moral language and its ethical implications. The first section focuses on Walzer's moral language; its structure, inconsistencies, and theological underpinnings. The second section addresses how Walzer employs this language to justify the sacrifice of combatants in defence of non-combatants. The central arguments presented in this article are that Walzer's theory is inconsistent in itself, and that the sacrifices initiated by this language constitute the unjustified sacrifice of just war theory's own ethical principles.
Reasonable force: the emergence of global policing power
Authors: RYAN BARRY J. 
Published: May 2012

AbstractThis article introduces reasonable force as ontological to the performance of late modern police power. It argues that policing emerged through reasonable force as an innovation of military power and as a supplement to legal power. The article tracks the development of reasonable force in late modern policing through to its emergence as a vanguard strategy of post-Cold War global governance. Police power, the article finds, has transformed traditional sovereign power relations to incorporate governmental power. It finds policing power to be an expansive reforming force that exhibits a dynamic capacity to provide relational coherence to multi-layered policing constellations from the local to the global.
Conditions of democracy-enhancing multilateralism: expansion of rights protections in Europe?
Authors: SQUATRITO THERESA 
Published: May 2012

AbstractAs argued in a recent article by Keohane, Macedo, and Moravcsik, ‘democracy-enhancing multilateralism’ highlights the potential ways in which international organisations can enhance domestic democracy. The thesis raises an important question about the conditions which shape the likelihood that multilateralism will have such democratising effects. This article responds to the question of conditionality, looking at one way in which democracy may be improved by multilateralism-through the expansion of rights protections. That is, under what conditions will domestic democratic processes garner an improved ability to protect rights as a result of a state's participation in multilateral institutions? Using most likely empirical cases – the European Union (EU) and the Council of Europe (COE) – this article argues that three conditions affect the likelihood that rights expansion will result from multilateral legal institutions. Together the compatibility between the international legal principle and pre-existing domestic law, legal mobilisation, and the precision and obligation of the international law have significant affect on the likelihood of rights expansion. The unique contribution here is a set of conditions that helps to understand when and where rights are likely to expand as a result of a state's participation in international organisations.
Pulmonary atresia with intact septum: the use of Conquest Pro coronary guidewire for perforation of atretic valve and subsequent interventions
Authors: Alwi Mazeni , Budi Rahmat R. , Mood Marhisham Che , Leong Ming C. , Samion Hasri 
Published: May 2012

AbstractObjectiveTo determine the feasibility and safety of the Conquest Pro wire as an alternative to radiofrequency wire for perforation of atretic pulmonary valve and subsequent balloon dilatation and patent ductus arteriosus stenting in patients with pulmonary atresia with intact ventricular septum.BackgroundRadiofrequency valvotomy and balloon dilatation has become the standard of care for pulmonary atresia with intact ventricular septum in many institutions today.MethodsWe report eight consecutive patients in whom we used the Conquest Pro coronary guidewire, a stiff wire normally reserved for revascularisation of coronary lesions with chronic total occlusion, for perforation of atretic pulmonary valve and subsequent balloon dilatation, and stenting of the patent ductus arteriosus.ResultsPerforation of atretic pulmonary valve was successful in seven out of eight cases. Radiofrequency valvotomy was employed after failure of perforation by the Conquest Pro wire in one case where the right ventricular outflow tract was broad based and tapered towards the pulmonary valve, and was heavily trabeculated. Failure of the Conquest Pro wire to perforate the pulmonary valve plate was mainly attributed by the failure to engage the wire at the correct position.ConclusionThe Conquest Pro wire for perforation and subsequent interventions in the more straightforward cases of pulmonary atresia with intact ventricular septum is effective and safe, simplifying the entire procedure. However, the radiofrequency generator and wires remain essential tools in the paediatric interventional catheter laboratory.
Failure to Learn from Repeated Mistakes: Persistent Decision-Making Impairment as Measured by the Iowa Gambling Task in Patients with Ventromedial Prefrontal Cortex Lesions
Authors: Waters-Wood Samantha M. , Xiao Lin , Denburg Natalie L. , Hernandez Michael , Bechara Antoine 
Published: May 2012

AbstractAlthough frontal patients show impaired decision-making on the Iowa Gambling Task (IGT), there has been no follow-up study to date to determine whether there is recovery of function over time. We examined neurological participants’ performance on repeated administrations of the IGT over the course of 6 years. We found that, while non-neurological participants showed considerable improvement due to practice effects on the IGT, patients with ventromedial prefrontal cortex (VMPFC) damage persisted in showing impaired performance on each retest. These results validate the clinical observations that VMPFC dysfunction does not appear to be subject to autonomous recovery over time in real-life. (JINS, 2012, 18, 1–4)
QUASI-MONTE CARLO METHODS FOR HIGH-DIMENSIONAL INTEGRATION: THE STANDARD (WEIGHTED HILBERT SPACE) SETTING AND BEYOND
Authors: KUO F. Y. , SCHWAB CH. , SLOAN I. H. 
Published: May 2012

AbstractThis paper is a contemporary review of quasi-Monte Carlo (QMC) methods, that is, equal-weight rules for the approximate evaluation of high-dimensional integrals over the unit cube [0,1]s. It first introduces the by-now standard setting of weighted Hilbert spaces of functions with square-integrable mixed first derivatives, and then indicates alternative settings, such as non-Hilbert spaces, that can sometimes be more suitable. Original contributions include the extension of the fast component-by-component (CBC) construction of lattice rules that achieve the optimal convergence order (a rate of almost 1/N, whereNis the number of points, independently of dimension) to so-called “product and order dependent” (POD) weights, as seen in some recent applications. Although the paper has a strong focus on lattice rules, the function space settings are applicable to all QMC methods. Furthermore, the error analysis and construction of lattice rules can be adapted to polynomial lattice rules from the family of digital nets.
Region-based memory management for Mercury programs
Authors: PHAN QUAN , JANSSENS GERDA , SOMOGYI ZOLTAN 
Published: May 2012

AbstractRegion-based memory management (RBMM) is a form of compile time memory management, well-known from the world of functional programming. In this paper we describe our work on implementing RBMM for the logic programming language Mercury. One interesting point about Mercury is that it is designed with strong type, mode, and determinism systems. These systems not only provide Mercury programmers with several direct software engineering benefits, such as self-documenting code and clear program logic, but also give language implementors a large amount of information that is useful for program analyses. In this work, we make use of this information to develop program analyses that determine the distribution of data into regions and transform Mercury programs by inserting into them the necessary region operations. We prove the correctness of our program analyses and transformation. To execute annotated programs, we have implemented runtime support that tackles the two main challenges posed by backtracking. First, backtracking can require regions removed during forward execution to be “resurrected”; and second, any memory allocated during computation that has been backtracked over must be recovered promptly without waiting for the regions involved to come to the end of their life. We describe in detail our solution of both these problems. We study in detail how our RBMM system performs on a selection of benchmark programs, including some well-known difficult cases for RBMM. Even with these difficult cases, our RBMM-enabled Mercury system obtains clearly faster runtimes for 15 out of 18 benchmarks compared to the base Mercury system with its Boehm runtime garbage collector, with an average runtime speedup of 24%, and an average reduction in memory requirements of 95%. In fact, our system achieves optimal memory consumption in some programs.
Tongued with Fire: T.S. Eliot's Poetics of Prayer
Authors: Kramer Kenneth P. 
Published: May 2012

AbstractWhat makes prayer valid? For the poet, T.S. Eliot, there is something more, something that is sometimes unnoticed, but which, if realized, can reanimate prayer life. This brief essay unfolds in three steps: (1) pointing to the contemplative influence of Eliot's conversion to the Church of England; (2) depicting the seventeenth-century Little Gidding lay-monastic community as the definitive influence on Eliot's final quartet; and (3) unpacking six interrelated prayer-revitalizing insights from a passage in ‘Little Gidding’, practices that help make prayer valid.