bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Self‐concept and mental health status of ‘stay‐at‐home’ children in rural China
Authors: Zhao Ke‐Fu , Su Hong , He Li , Wu Jia‐Ling , Chen Ming‐Chun , Ye Dong‐Qing 
Published: June 2009

AbstractAim:  To describe the self‐concept and mental health status of ‘stay‐at‐home’ children and to explore the differences between stay‐at‐home children and non‐stay‐at‐home children.Methods:  A cross‐sectional survey was conducted in Changfeng County to collect information on self‐concept and mental health status. Children were classified as ‘stay‐at‐home’ or ‘non‐stay‐at‐home’ for data analysis.Results:  Stay‐at‐home children accounted for 55.1% of children. The two groups of children differed significantly on the total scores of self‐concept (stay‐at‐home, 52.48 ± 14.29; non‐stay‐at‐home, 55.24 ± 15.10). The mental health status of stay‐at‐home children was poor, with significant difference between them (stay‐at‐home, 41.17 ± 12.25; non‐stay‐at‐home, 40.14 ± 13.11). Using multivariate linear regression analysis, we found that the total P‐H score, gender, low family economic status, stay‐at‐home status and being cared for by an uncle/aunt or an older sibling were independent variables for mental health of the children.Conclusion:  This study suggests that stay‐at‐home children have a greater risk of mental health problems than their counterparts in rural Anhui province, China. In addition, this study provides useful baseline information on childhood mental health and has identified important risk factors that would be important in planning strategies for prevention of mental health problems for stay‐at‐home children.
Chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis may cause elevated gliadin antibodies
Authors: Brinkert Florian , Sornsakrin Marijke , Krebs‐Schmitt Dorothee , Ganschow Rainer 
Published: June 2009

AbstractWe present a 4‐year‐old boy admitted to the hospital due to the typical symptoms of celiac disease with severe dystrophy, anaemia and elevated gliadin IgG antibodies. Upper endoscopy ruled out celiac disease but showed severe Candida esophagitis. Due to an impaired T‐cell function especially following Candida antigen stimulation in vitro, plus recurrent Candida infections of the skin, the diagnosis of chronic mucocutaneous candidasis (CMC) was made. Under the treatment with fluconazol, trimethoprim/sulfmethoxazole and IVIG, the child improved impressively. Gliadin antibodies declined steadily.Conclusion:  The common symptoms growth retardation, anaemia and elevated gliadin antibodies are suggestive for celiac disease but very unspecific. The rare immunodeficiency CMC may cause elevated gliadin antibodies.
Characteristics, head shape measurements and developmental delay in 287 consecutive infants attending a plagiocephaly clinic
Authors: Hutchison BL , Stewart Alistair W , Mitchell Edwin A 
Published: June 2009

AbstractAim:  To describe the characteristics, developmental status and severity of head shape deformation in infants presenting to a plagiocephaly clinic.Methods:  Head shape was measured and neck function assessed in 287 consecutive infants presenting to a plagiocephaly outpatient clinic. Information was obtained on demographic and obstetric factors, plagiocephaly history and current positioning strategies. Development was assessed by the Ages and Stages Questionnaire (ASQ).Results:  After clinical examination, craniosynostosis was suspected in seven infants (2%) and a skull computed tomography (CT) scan was performed; five showed suture abnormalities. Fifty‐eight percent of cases had a history of limitation of neck function; this was more likely in plagiocephalic infants than brachycephalic infants. Males, firstborn infants, instrument‐delivered infants, supine sleep position and right‐sided flattening were predominant. One or more delays on the ASQ were seen in 36% of infants.Conclusion: Physical examination of infants with head shape deformities is essential in order to rule out craniosynostosis. Infants with deformational plagiocephaly frequently have neck muscle dysfunction. We postulate that the higher than expected number of developmental delays may be related to the effects of supine sleep position, low or variable tone, lower activity levels, male gender and neck muscle dysfunction.
Relining of prosthesis with auto‐polymerizing hard denture reline resins: effect of post‐polymerization treatment on flexural strength
Authors: Takahashi Jessica Mie Ferreira Koyama , Machado Fernanda Miranda , Nuñez Juliana Maria Costa , Consani Rafael Leonardo Xediek , Mesquita Marcelo Ferraz 
Published: June 2009

Background:  It has been suggested that microwave irradiation and prosthesis immersion in hot water after its polymerization may improve mechanical and viscoelastic properties of acrylic resins.Purpose:  This study was proposed to verify the influence of microwave post‐polymerization (PP) treatment over the flexural strength of thermo‐polymerizing acrylic resin specimens (QC‐20) relined or not with two different composition hard chairside auto‐polymerizing reliners [Kooliner (K) and New Truliner (NT)].Materials and Methods:  For this study, 50 specimens of 64 × 10 × 3.3 mm were polymerized and distributed into five groups. G1 (control) specimens without relining and PP; G2 specimens relined with K, without PP; G3 specimens relined with NT, without PP; G4 specimens relined with K, with PP (microwave irradiation with 650 W for 5 min); G5 specimens relined with NT, with PP. Tests were performed on a universal testing machine Instron 4411 with compression speed of 5 mm/min.Results:  Specimens of K without PP did not show statistically different results (p < 0.05) when compared with control. However, when submitted to PP these specimens showed a significant increase in flexural strength. Specimens of NT showed the lowest flexural strength of all groups, with or without PP when compared with control and K groups.Conclusion:  Microwave PP (650 W for 5 min) proved to be an effective method of improving the flexural strength of K relined prosthesis. However, it did not seem to affect NT specimens.
Evaluation of three indices for biofilm accumulation on complete dentures
Authors: Paranhos Helena de Freitas Oliveira , Lovato da Silva Claudia Helena , De Souza Raphael Freitas , Pontes Karina Matthes de Freitas 
Published: June 2009

doi:10.1111/j.1741‐2358.2009.00285.x

Evaluation of three indices for biofilm accumulation on complete dentures Objectives:  The objective of this study was to evaluate the accuracy and reproducibility of three complete denture biofilm indices (Prosthesis Hygiene Index; Jeganathan et al. Index; Budtz‐Jørgensen Index) by means of a computerised comparison method.Background:  Clinical studies into denture hygiene have employed a large number of biofilm indices among their outcome variables. However, the knowledge about the validity of these indices is still scarce.Materials and methods:  Sixty‐two complete denture wearers were selected. The internal surfaces of the upper complete dentures were stained (5% erythrosine) and photographed. The slides were projected on paper, and the biofilm indices were applied over the photos by means of a scoring method. For the computerised method, the areas (total and biofilm‐covered) were measured by dedicated software (Image Tool). In addition, to compare the results of the computerised method and Prosthetic Hygiene Index, a new scoring scale (including four and five graded) was introduced. For the Jeganathan et al. and Budtz‐Jørgensen indices, the original scales were used. Values for each index were compared with the computerised method by the Friedman test. Their reproducibility was measured by means of weighed κ. Significance for both tests was set at 0.05.Results:  The indices tested provided similar mean measures but they tended to overestimate biofilm coverage when compared with the computerised method (p < 0.001). Agreement between the Prosthesis Hygiene Index and the computerised method was not significant, regardless of the scale used. Jeghanathan et al. Index showed weak agreement, and consistent results were found for Budtz‐Jorgensen Index (κ = 0.19 and 0.39 respectively).Conclusion:  Assessment of accuracy for the biofilm indices showed instrument bias that was similar among the tested methods. Weak inter‐instrument reproducibility was found for the indices, except for the Budtz‐Jørgensen Index. This should be the method of choice for clinical studies when more sophisticated approaches are not possible.
Oral mucosal lesions in denture wearers
Authors: Jainkittivong Aree , Aneksuk Vilaiwan , Langlais Robert P. 
Published: June 2009

doi:10.1111/j.1741‐2358.2009.00289.x

Oral mucosal lesions in denture wearers Objective:  To determine the prevalence of oral mucosal lesions (OMLs) and denture‐related mucosal lesions (DMLs) in denture wearers and to co‐relate the prevalence with age, gender, type of denture and any systemic conditions.Materials and methods:  Dental records of 380 denture wearers were retrospectively reviewed for OMLs and DMLs.Results:  We found 45% of the denture wearers had DMLs and 60.8% had OMLs not related to denture wearing. Although the prevalence of DMLs was higher in complete denture wearers than in partial denture wearers (49% vs. 42.2%), this difference was not significant. The most common DMLs were traumatic ulcer (19.5%) and denture‐induced stomatitis (18.1%). When analysed by type, traumatic ulcer, denture hyperplasia, frictional keratosis and candidiasis were more common in complete denture wearers, whereas denture‐induced stomatitis was more common in partial denture wearers. Frictional keratosis was more common in men than in women. The prevalence of OMLs not related to denture wearing was higher in complete denture wearers than in partial denture wearers, and the most common OML was fissured tongue (27.6%). No association between DMLs and systemic conditions or xerostomic drugs was noted.Conclusion:  No differences in the prevalence of DMLs in association with denture type were found. The prevalence of OMLs not related to denture wearing was higher in complete denture wearers than in partial denture wearers. This difference was affected by age, and the data were similar to the findings observed in the elderly.
Why do some people lose teeth across their lifespan whereas others retain a functional dentition into very old age?
Authors: Thorstensson Helene , Johansson Boo 
Published: June 2009

doi:10.1111/j.1741‐2358.2009.00297.x

Why do some people lose teeth across their lifespan whereas others retain a functional dentition into very old age? Objectives:  To analyse the importance of caries, periodontitis, and medical and psychosocial factors for risk of becoming edentulous across their lifespan and to examine factors critical for retaining functional dentition into very old age.Methods:  From the longitudinal population‐based Octogenarian Twin study which analysed psychosocial and health variables, 357 individuals aged 82 +  in 1995–1998 were collected. Information about number of teeth, decayed and filled surfaces percentage and periodontal disease experience were drawn from dental records. Reasons for and time of edentulousness were recorded.Results:  Outcome varied – depending on perspective and factors for losing or retaining teeth. Significant factors for losing teeth varied over the lifespan. Losing teeth early in life was related to lower social class; in middle age, to lower education; and in old age, to poor lifestyle factors and low social class. Caries constituted the main reason for tooth loss (about 55%). This increased substantially in the >80 year age‐group (75%). Maintaining a functional dentition into old age was significantly associated with non‐smoking, more education, being married and good periodontal health.Conclusion:  It is important to apply life‐span and cohort perspectives to oral health and disease. In our sample of persons born before World War I, caries was the main reason for losing all teeth, with substantially increased prevalence by age. Lifestyle factors were significant for losing and for retaining teeth. Periodontal condition had a significant influence on the likelihood of retaining functional dentition, and also when taking psychosocial variables into account.
Sexual Function After Radical Hysterectomy for Early-Stage Cervical Cancer: Is There a Difference between Laparoscopy and Laparotomy?
Authors: Serati Maurizio , Salvatore Stefano , Uccella Stefano , Laterza Rosa M. , Cromi Antonella , Ghezzi Fabio , Bolis Pierfrancesco 
Published: June 2009

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Surgical treatment for cervical cancer is associated with a high rate of late postoperative complications, and in particular with sexual dysfunction.

Aim
To evaluate sexual function in women who underwent radical hysterectomy (RH), in comparison with a control group of healthy women, using a validated questionnaire (Female Sexual Function Index [FSFI]). Then we tried to evaluate the possible differences between laparoscopic RH and abdominal RH in terms of their impact on sexuality.

Methods
Consecutive sexually active women, who underwent RH for the treatment of early-stage cervical cancer between 2003 and 2007, were enrolled in this study (cases) and divided into two groups, according to the surgical approach. All women were administered the FSFI. The results of this questionnaire were compared between patients who underwent laparoscopic RH (LPS group) vs. women who underwent laparotomic RH (LPT group). The cases of RH were also compared with a control group of healthy women, who were referred to our outpatient clinic for a routine gynecologic evaluation.

Main Outcome Measures
FSFI questionnaire on six domains of female sexuality (desire, arousal, lubrication, orgasm, satisfaction, pain).

Results
A total of 38 patients were included. We also enrolled 35 women as healthy controls. FSFI score was significantly higher in the healthy controls vs. the cases of RH. In the LPS group, the total score and all the domains of the FSFI were lower in comparison with the healthy controls, whereas three of the six domains (arousal, lubrication, orgasm) and the total score of FSFI were lower in the LPT group if compared with the controls. There were no significant differences between LPS and LPT group.

Conclusions
RH worsens sexual function, regardless of the type of surgical approach. In our experience, laparoscopy did not show any benefit on women’s sexuality over the abdominal surgery for cervical cancer.
The Role of Anxiety in Vaginismus: A Case-Control Study
Authors: Watts Gayle , Nettle Daniel 
Published: June 2009

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Previous research suggests that anxiety may play a large role in the symptoms of vaginismus.

Aim
We aimed to (i) determine the degree of self-reported general anxiety in women with vaginismus; and (ii) establish whether general anxiety is a consequence of the condition or a predisposing factor.

Main Outcome Measures
Participants reported state and trait anxiety, five-factor personality scores, history of anxiety disorders, and their perceptions of their symptoms and history.

Methods
We compared responses of 244 self-identified women with vaginismus with a control group of 101 women using an online questionnaire.

Results
The women with vaginismus were higher in trait anxiety and neuroticism, and lower in extraversion, than the controls. There was also a trend toward a greater prevalence of diagnosed anxiety disorders in the vaginismus group. Levels of state anxiety were high among the women with vaginismus, particularly when they felt unsupported by their partners or pressured to cure the condition.

Conclusion
Levels of general anxiety are elevated among women with vaginismus and the data suggest that anxiety-proneness may be a predisposing factor for the condition. We conclude that although vaginismus is a multidimensional condition, it may have common predisposing factors with anxiety disorders.
Absorption of Testosterone Gel 1% (Testim) from Three Different Application Sites
Authors: Guay Andre T. , Smith Ted M. , Offutt Laura A. 
Published: June 2009

ABSTRACT

Introduction
A popular treatment choice for male hypogonadism is topical testosterone gel. Two proprietary formulations, Testim Gel 1% (Auxilium Pharmaceuticals, Malvern, PA, USA) and AndroGel 1% (Solvay Pharmaceuticals, Marietta, GA, USA), are available. The recommended Testim application site is limited to the arms/shoulders, whereas AndroGel may be applied to the abdomen, shoulders, and upper arms.

Aim
To compare absorption variability when applying Testim to various body sites.

Main Outcome Measures
Total testosterone (TT) and calculated free testosterone (CTfree).

Methods
Hypogonadal men (TT &lt; 300 ng/mL) applied Testim to three distinct anatomical sites for 1 month per site: arms/shoulders (A), chest/abdomen (C), and calves/legs (L). Pretreatment TT and CTfree were compared with end-of-month measurements. Safety was assessed with prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and hemoglobin (Hb) measurements.

Results
Twenty-one hypogonadal men (age 56.9 ± 9.0) naïve to prior testosterone therapy and otherwise in good health participated. Three groups of seven applied Testim in the sequence ACL, CLA, and LAC. Overall TT and CTfree increased significantly over pretreatment levels (P &lt; 0.0001) into the normal range. Application sites differed with regard to TT levels achieved, A &gt; C ≥ L (P = 0.011). No significant sequence effects were observed, however, the ACL group achieved the highest levels. CTfree correlated well with TT in all men (R2 = 0.87) and by application site (R2 = 0.91, 0.85, and 0.86 for A, C, L, respectively). Pre- and post-treatment PSAs were similar; mean pretreatment Hb increased from 14.7 ± 1.47 to 15.5 ± 1.3 g/dL at month 3. Hemoglobin corrected to normal in four subjects with anemia at enrollment (Hb &lt; 13.5 g/dL).

Conclusions
Testim Gel 1% applied to various anatomical sites increases TT and CTfree into the normal range; the best levels are achieved with arms/shoulder application. Flexibility in the application site of Testim is possible if TT or CTfree is monitored to ensure adequate therapeutic levels. Anemia, possibly associated with testosterone deficiency, was an incidental finding in several men and was corrected with topical testosterone replacement.
Prevalence of Low Sexual Desire among Women in Britain: Associated Factors
Authors: Mitchell Kirstin R. , Mercer Catherine H. , Wellings Kaye , Johnson Anne M. 
Published: June 2009

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Lack of sexual interest is a common sexual difficulty. Estimates of the prevalence of lack of sexual interest vary widely, and the evidence with regard to factors associated with lack of interest is not always consistent.

Aims
The aims of this study were to identify factors associated with reporting lack of interest in sex among women, and to explore whether these factors differ according to whether or not help was sought.

Methods
Our data came from the second National Survey of Sexual Attitudes and Lifestyles, a probability survey of 12,110 men and women aged 16–44 years and resident in Britain between 1999 and 2001 (N = 6,942 women). Computer-assisted personal interviewing was used to collect sociodemographic, behavioral, and attitudinal data.

Main Outcome Measures
(i) Persistent lack of interest in sex (≥6 months or longer in the past year); and (ii) seeking help for persistent lack of interest in sex. We examined data for all women, regardless of their partnership status.

Results
In this study, 10.7% of women reported lacking interest in sex for a period of 6 months or longer, and of these, 27.9% sought help for this difficulty. Reporting persistent low desire per se (outcome 1), and reporting seeking help for low desire (outcome 2) were associated with not enjoying sex, wanting sex more often, not being “competent” at first intercourse, poor communication about sex with partner, frequency of sex, and attitudes according sex low priority. Increasing age, reporting a birth in the last year, having children under 5 in the house, and reporting no sexual partner in the past year were associated with outcome 1 only. Being married and self-perceived health status were associated with outcome 2 only.

Conclusion
Identifying the factors associated with seeking help for low sexual interest is useful in understanding risk markers for problematic sexual interest, and in providing useful avenues for therapeutic discussion.
Association between a common IL10 distal promoter haplotype and IgE production in individuals with atopic dermatitis
Authors: Lacy K. , Archer C. , Wood N. , Bidwell J. 
Published: June 2009

SummaryAtopic dermatitis (AD) is a genetically determined inflammatory skin disease characterized by abnormal cytokine production, including increased production of interleukin 10 (IL10). Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) and haplotypes in the IL10 gene promoter region on chromosome 1q31‐32 have been implicated in several inflammatory diseases, but generally, only SNPs proximal to the transcription start site (TSS) have been investigated. The aim of this study was to identify proximal, distal and combined haplotype sets in the IL10 promoter region and to study their association with clinical phenotypes in atopic dermatitis. SNPs at positions –3575, –2849, –2779, –2763, –1082, –851, –819 and –592 in the IL10 promoter region were genotyped in individuals with atopic dermatitis (n= 47) and nonatopic control subjects (n= 40) using polymerase chain reaction‐based techniques and induced heteroduplex generator (IHG) analysis. Pan‐promoter, TSS‐proximal and TSS‐distal haplotypes were reconstructed using phase analysis. Fifteen haplotypes representing all eight SNPs were identified. Subgrouping identified four 4‐locus and three 3‐locus TSS‐proximal haplotypes; and nine 4‐locus TSS‐distal haplotypes. No difference was found in haplotype or SNP frequencies between the AD and control groups, or between patients with mild or severe disease. However, a common 4‐locus TSS‐distal haplotype (TGAC) was significantly increased in patients with IgE levels over 1000 kIU L−1. This study is the first to analyse the association between haplotype groups in the IL10 promoter region and clinical phenotypes in AD. We have demonstrated a significant association between the TSS‐distal haplotype TGAC, and IgE levels in AD patients. It remains to be shown if there is an association between the TGAC haplotype and IL10 production, which might account for the stimulation of IgE production.
Enhanced crop productivity and compatibility through intercropping of sesame and sunflower varieties
Authors: Olowe V.I.O. , Adeyemo A.Y. 
Published: June 2009

AbstractField trials were conducted during 2002 and 2003 to determine the productivity and compatibility of the cropping systems obtained from intercropping varieties of sesame (E8, PBTil and 530‐6‐1) and sunflower (Funtua, Record and Isaanka) in the humid forest–savanna transition zone which is outside the current growing areas. Intercropping did not affect the number of branches per plant, number and weight of capsules per plant, weight of seeds per plant, 1000 seed weight or seed production efficiency (SPE) of all sesame varieties in both years, except SPE in 2003. In both years, intercropping sesame with sunflower varieties significantly reduced grain yield of PBTil and E8. However, 530‐6‐1 produced grain yield similar to the monocrop when intercropped with Record and Funtua in 2002 and 2003, and Record in 2003. In both years, intercropping significantly depressed the grain yield of the three sunflower varieties because of reduction in their head diameter, head weight, number and weight of seeds per head and lower number of plants per unit area relative to their monocrops. E8, 530‐6‐1 and PBTil intercropped with the three sunflower varieties recorded land equivalent ratio values in the range of 1.13–1.37, 1.32–1.46 and 1.22–1.35, respectively. Based on competitive ratio values, E8 demonstrated the greatest ability to compensate for intercrop competition with taller sunflower varieties. It was concluded that growers can successfully cultivate sesame (530‐6‐1 and PBTil) under intercropping with sunflower in the humid forest–savanna transition zone.