bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Inclusion Financière Digitale et Croissance Economique dans L'espace UEMOA: Rôle de la Qualité des Institutions
Authors: Nonvide Gbêtondji Melaine Armel , Faton Charles Yédéhou , Togodo Azon Marlyse Sandrine S. 
Published: February 2025

RÉSUMECe travail analyse l'effet de la qualité des institutions dans la relation inclusion financière digitale et la croissance économique des pays de l'Union Économique et Monétaire Ouest Africaine (UEMOA) que sont le Bénin, Burkina‐Faso, Côte d'Ivoire, la Guinée Bissau, le Mali, le Niger, le Sénégal et le Togo durant la période 2015‐2022. Pour cela, un modèle de croissance de type Cobb‐Douglas à effets fixes a été estimé. Pour corriger l'hétéroscédasticité, nous avons recouru aux MCG et à la technique des doubles moindres carrés (DMC) pour la robustesse des résultats et corriger l'endogénéité. Les résultats révèlent qu'en l'absence d'institutions, l'inclusion financière digitale exerce un effet négatif et significatif sur la croissance économique dans l'UEMOA. Toutefois, la qualité des institutions joue un rôle de médiation dans cette relation. Une amélioration de la qualité des institutions renforce la relation positive entre l'inclusion financière digitale et la croissance économique. L'étude recommande de renforcer la qualité des institutions et de promouvoir l'utilisation des services financiers digitaux afin de faire de l'inclusion financière digitale un véritable levier de croissance économique dans l'UEMOA.
Robin Sequence: From Dilemmas to Developing an Adaptable Standardized Stepwise Approach
Authors: Goel Dimple , Wilson Andrew , Rao Shripada , Gillett David , Hayley Herbert H. , O'Donnell Anne 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTAimTo review the literature to identify key issues causing variation in clinical practice, assess the knowledge gap, and develop a standardised pathway for managing upper airway obstruction (UAO) in infants with Robin sequence (RS).MethodsThe tripartite framework of evidence‐based practice, which included a systematic review of the literature, extensive consultation with a multidisciplinary team of experts, and feedback from the patients was used.ResultsOf the 2672 articles from the initial search, 66 were studied in detail. We identified five pivotal issues prevalent while managing UAO in RS. These issues were addressed systematically to develop an adaptable stepwise standardised pathway. The main pillars of the pathway are (a) early objective assessment of the severity of UAO using polysomnography, (b) graded treatment approach based on centre‐specific preferences, (c) early and regular multidisciplinary team discussions and (d) clearly defined criteria for treatment escalation or cessation, discharge and follow‐up.ConclusionThis unique pathway is based on available evidence, consensus of experts and parents' feedback. It provides a stepwise guide to the clinician for the management of UAO in infants with RS, adaptability for centre‐specific treatment preferences and framework for future comparisons of different treatments.
Challenges in Histological Endpoints for MASH Therapies: An Exercise in Statistical Modelling
Authors: Shah Amrik , MacConell Leigh , Liberman Alexander , Di Bisceglie Adrian M. , Shapiro David 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundRegulatory‐accepted efficacy endpoints for nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH; recently updated to metabolic‐dysfunction associated steatohepatitis, MASH) clinical trials include fibrosis improvement with no worsening of NASH or NASH resolution with no worsening of fibrosis determined by liver biopsy using the NASH Clinical Research Network criteria. These endpoints involve the scoring of four liver histology parameters, all of which are associated with significant inter−/intra‐reader variability. Since few trials have shown positive results with these endpoints, we evaluated the effects of imprecision in histologic scoring on trial results from a statistical perspective.MethodsEstimating the probability (sensitivity) of accurately scoring histology is based on the relationship between measures of agreement and sensitivity. We simulated kappa values for a range of sensitivities. Then, using published kappa values from NASH trials, we selected corresponding sensitivities for histology parameters. Finally, simulations assuming a range of “overscore” and “underscore” probabilities were conducted to estimate the dilution of the true effect size.ResultsSimulations for 2‐arm trials with sample sizes of 400 (mix of stage 2/3 fibrosis) subjects showed ~50% dilution of the true effect size for both approvable endpoints due to scoring imprecision. Such dilution remains constant regardless of sample size.ConclusionImprecise histologic scoring disproportionately impacts the ‘superior’ arm as the error is proportional to the true response rate. This dilution of effect size should be considered when weighing the clinical benefit and the overall risk–benefit profile in the review of NASH studies. This argues for the adoption of non‐invasive biomarkers rather than histologic endpoints.
An optimised Bcl‐3 inhibitor for melanoma treatment
Authors: Saamarthy Karunakar , Daams Renée , Sime Wondossen , Persson Cecilia , Chygorin Eduard , Ahlqvist Kristofer , Evans‐Axelsson Susan , Strand Daniel , Massoumi Ramin 
Published: February 2025

AbstractBackground and PurposeMalignant melanoma is the most lethal form of skin cancer, characterised by a poor survival rate. One of the key factors driving the aggressive growth of melanoma cells is the elevated expression of the proto‐oncogene Bcl‐3. This study aims to optimise, evaluate and characterise a second‐generation Bcl‐3 inhibitor, using melanoma as a model to demonstrate its potential therapeutic efficacy.Experimental ApproachWe synthesised and screened a series of structural analogues and selected A27, the most promising candidate for further investigation. We assessed whether A27 disrupted the interaction between Bcl‐3 and its binding partner, p50, and examined the subsequent effects on cyclin D1 expression. Additionally, we evaluated the impact of A27 on melanoma cell proliferation and migration in vitro, as well as its therapeutic efficacy in various in vivo melanoma models.Key ResultsNuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) confirmed that A27 directly binds to Bcl‐3, effectively inhibiting its function. By disrupting the Bcl‐3/p50 interaction, A27 led to a significant down‐regulation of cyclin D1 expression. In cellular assays, A27 markedly reduced proliferation and migration of melanoma cells. In vivo, treatment with A27 resulted in a substantial reduction in melanoma tumour growth, with no observed toxicity in treated animals.Conclusions and ImplicationsAt present, no other Bcl‐3 inhibitors exist for clinical application in the field of oncology, and as a result, our novel findings provide a unique opportunity to develop a highly specific drug against malignant melanoma to meet an urgent clinical need.
Global Trends in the Value of Author Order Across Medical Publications: A Cross‐Sectional Bibliometric Study
Authors: Hashimoto Hidenori , Sekine Miwa , Nishizaki Yuji , Aune David , Mizuno Atsushi , Homma Yasuhiro , Kiyama Yasuhiko , Sanada Shoji , Aoki Shigeki 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThis study aimed to analyse the value of author order across countries, within the ‘Medicine General Internal’ and ‘Surgery’ fields, to enhance transparency and fairness in academic evaluations, particularly in international collaborative research. A cross‐sectional bibliometric study was conducted using data from 2,845,748 papers published in 2022 across over 18,000 journals listed on Web of Science. The study focused on 124,736 papers from the ‘Medicine General Internal’ and ‘Surgery’ fields published in the top 19 countries. The analysis examined the position of the corresponding author relative to other co‐authors by country and specialty. Hierarchical clustering was applied to identify patterns and group countries based on author order. Three distinct clusters were identified with regard to the corresponding author's position. In Cluster A (South Korea, China and Taiwan), the corresponding author was often the last author. In Cluster B (India, Japan, Italy, Türkiye and Spain), the corresponding author was frequently the second author. Cluster C (the United States, England and Germany) included countries where the corresponding author was typically the first author. The findings underscore the need for clear, internationally accepted author order standards. Establishing such standards is crucial for promoting fairness, transparency and efficiency in international collaborative research and for ensuring equitable scientific communication.
Vegetative Propagation: A Tool to Enhance Conservation and Management of Xaxim (Dicksonia sellowiana), an Endangered Tree Fern
Authors: Paiva Daniela Ivana , Bernardi Alison Paulo , Lauterjung Miguel Busarello , Ribeiro Saimom Poczapski Noro , Scussel Giulia Fabrin , Rodrigues Igor de Carvalho Aguiar , Thalmayr Peggy , Mantovani Adelar , dos Reis Maurício Sedrez , Montagna Tiago 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBefore starting any species conservation strategy, it is essential to know which is the most effective propagation method, even more so if it is about rare and/or endemic species. Our goal was to evaluate a method of vegetative propagation of xaxim (Dicksonia sellowiana), an endangered tree fern from the Atlantic Forest, under different light conditions. We conducted two experiments on an experimental farm in the Araucaria Forest domain. One experiment was installed under an Atlantic Forest canopy (shade), and the other was installed in an open area surrounded by a forest with direct sunlight (without shade). All individual plants were standardised in height and frond number by removing all fronds and removing lower trunk material where trunks were longer than 50 cm. We tested three different propagule treatments: whole propagule (1 propagule), propagules cut in half lengthwise (½ propagule) and propagules cut into four equal parts lengthwise (¼ propagule). Each experiment was conducted in a randomised complete block design with four replicates. We evaluated survival, total height and diameter at ground level 6 and 10 years after the implantation, as well as the increment in those years. For survival data, the interaction between shade condition and propagule manipulation method was nonsignificant (p = 0.256) (joint analysis of experiments), and survival rate was higher for shaded propagules (58%) when compared with propagules exposed to light (41%). Higher survival was also observed for whole plants (96%). The mean height obtained from the shade experiment was statistically different among the different propagule sizes in both measurements and in the increment. The use of whole plants for transplanting of xaxim propagules significantly increased their chances of development. We recommend the establishment of whole propagules in shaded environments to ensure greater efficiency in the transplant process of this species of tree fern. The use of whole, or partial, plant propagules for propagation expands the range of strategies that can be used for the management and conservation of xaxim.
Evaluating the effectiveness of medical therapy in infantile epileptic spasms syndrome due to surgically‐remediable lesions
Authors: Singh Avantika , Hadjinicolaou Aristides , Briscoe‐Abath Christina , Donatelli Stephanie , Salussolia Catherine , Gupta Nishtha , Almansa Alexandra Santana , Zhang Bo , Stone Scellig , Libenson Mark , Samanta Debopam , Bolton Jeffrey , Harini Chellamani 
Published: February 2025

AbstractObjectiveThis single‐center retrospective study examined the response to initial standard therapy in children with infantile epileptic spasms syndrome (IESS) associated with surgically‐remediable lesion and evaluated the risk factors for drug resistance. We assessed whether the failure of the first standard therapy for surgically‐remediable IESS predicted eventual drug resistance.MethodsNew‐onset IESS with surgically‐remediable lesions was included. Regression analysis was performed to identify risk factors for drug resistance. Kaplan–Meier survival analysis stratified by the response to first standard therapy was conducted to explore if earlier recognition of drug‐resistant epilepsy (DRE) was possible.ResultsWe identified 61 patients (57% female) with IESS and surgically‐remediable lesion (median follow‐up of 52 months). First standard treatment started at a median of 15 days after IESS onset resulted in favorable initial response in 31%. Response rate to second standard therapy among those who failed first treatment was 53%, with an overall response rate to sequential standard therapy of 63.8%. Relapses (epileptic spasms/focal seizures) were frequent (59%). At last follow‐up, 41% (n = 25) remained drug responsive. The cumulative proportion of survival free of drug resistance was 57% at 2 months, dropping to 38% at 36 months after IESS diagnosis. The odds for DRE increased with extensive magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) abnormality (odds ratio [OR] = 38.5) and congenital‐structural abnormality (OR = 23.3) and decreased with older age at IESS onset (OR = 0.68). Kaplan–Meier survival curve differed significantly between responders and non‐responders to first standard therapy (p = .02). In the drug‐resistant group (n = 36), 34 underwent surgery with Engel class I outcome in 76.5%.SignificanceAlthough two‐thirds of surgically‐remediable IESS exhibited an initial response to medical therapy, relapses were frequent. The majority progressed to DRE during follow‐up, particularly those with younger age at IESS onset, congenital‐structural etiology, or extensive MRI abnormalities. Patients at risk for DRE can be recognized early by the lack of response to first standard therapy (OR 4.15). Our findings can help reduce delays for surgical referral in patients with surgically‐remediable IESS.
Young Onset Dementia Informal Caregiver Experience in Caregiving: A Systematic Review
Authors: Lew Zong Han , Ng Adeline Su Lyn , Zhou Wentao 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTAimTo collate the common caregiving experience of Young Onset Dementia informal caregivers.DesignQualitative systematic review.MethodsQualitative grey literature and peer‐reviewed journals published between 2013 and 2023 that addressed Young Onset Dementia informal caregivers' experiences were included without context limitation. Only English language publications were included because of limitations in translation. Study selection was conducted with two independent reviewers. Critical appraisal using Joanna Brigg Institutes Qualitative Appraisal Instrument, data extraction of participant's quote verbatim and data synthesis through categorisation of extracted verbatim were conducted without an independent reviewer.Data SourcePubMed on 16 October 2023, Cochrane and MEDLINE on 17 October 2023, EMBASE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, ProQuest, Scopus, Web of Science and Google Scholar on 18 October 2023.ResultsA total of 37 studies included in this review represented the experiences of 566 informal caregivers. A total of 354 extracted findings were synthesised into 25 categories and four themes through meta‐aggregation which addressed informal caregivers' diagnosis challenges, challenges with complex care, experience with various support services and coping strategies.ConclusionYoung Onset Dementia informal caregivers experience unique caregiving challenges. These informal caregivers required age‐appropriate support services to meet their unique needs.ImplicationsGaps in available appropriate support services for Young Onset Dementia informal caregivers existed. Therefore, these informal caregivers experienced unique challenges such as loss of employment that informal caregivers of other diseases do not experience.ImpactPolicymakers and healthcare professionals need to understand the unique experience of these informal caregivers to provide appropriate support services that could improve their caregiving experience.Reporting MethodPRISMA 2020 Statement.Patient or Public ContributionNo Patient or Public Contribution.What Does This Paper Contribute to the Wider Global Clinical CommunityThis review highlighted the various unique challenges encountered by informal caregivers.Trial RegistrationPROSPERO Database (CRD42023467541). https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42023467541
Curcumin Analog GO‐Y030 Triggers JNK and p38 Signalling to Activate Apoptotic Cascades in Human Osteosarcoma Cells
Authors: Lin Yu‐Hsien , Yang Jia‐Sin , Chou Chia‐Hsuan , Huang Tzu‐Yu , Yang Shun‐Fa , Lu Ko‐Hsiu 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTOsteosarcoma, the most common primary bone cancer in adolescents, often carries a grim prognosis due to its high metastatic potential. Due to its low bioavailability, curcumin limits its adjuvant efficacy in improving prognosis and long‐term survival in osteosarcoma patients. To investigate apoptosis induced by the synthesised curcumin analog GO‐Y030 in human osteosarcoma cells, flow cytometry, annexin V‐fluorescein isothiocyanate‐labelled/propidium iodide staining, human apoptosis array, and Western blotting were used. GO‐Y030 dose‐dependently reduced viability and induced sub‐G1 arrest and apoptosis in human osteosarcoma U2OS and 143B cells. GO‐Y030 significantly activated caspases 8, 9, and 3, while suppressing cellular inhibitors of apoptosis protein 1 (cIAP‐1) and X‐chromosome‐linked IAP. GO‐Y030 increased the phosphorylation of extracellular signal‐regulated protein kinases (ERK)1/2, c‐Jun N‐terminal kinases (JNK)1/2, and p38. Inhibitors of JNK (JNK‐IN‐8) and p38 (SB203580) suppressed GO‐Y030‐induced cleavage of caspases 8, 9, and 3, whereas co‐treatment with the ERK inhibitor (U0126) did not lessen their activation. Overall, GO‐Y030 triggers both extrinsic and intrinsic apoptotic cascades in U2OS and 143B cells by activating the JNK1/2 and p38 pathways, shedding light on its mechanism of action against human osteosarcoma cells.
Alternative lengthening of telomeres and Ki‐67 proliferation index provide complementary information on recurrence risk after resection of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors
Authors: Gudmundsdottir Hallbera , Graham Rondell P. , Greipp Patricia T. , Habermann Elizabeth B. , Knudson Ryan A. , Brandt Carrie A. , Starlinger Patrick , Thiels Cornelius A. , Warner Susanne G. , Smoot Rory L. , Truty Mark J. , Kendrick Michael L. , Nagorney David M. , Cleary Sean P. , Halfdanarson Thorvardur R. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractGiven the heterogeneous clinical behavior of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (pNETs), improved prognostic markers are needed to guide management and post‐resection surveillance. Patients who underwent resection of large (≥3 cm) sporadic well‐differentiated pNETs from 2000 to 2019 were identified. The Ki‐67 proliferation index was determined using immunohistochemistry, and alternative lengthening of telomeres (ALT) status was assessed using fluorescence in situ hybridization. Recurrence‐free and overall survival were estimated using Kaplan–Meier analysis. Multivariable Cox regression analysis evaluated factors associated with recurrence‐free survival. A total of 106 patients were identified. ALT was positive in 57 (54%) and negative in 49 (46%). Ki‐67 was ≥3% in 74 (70%) and <3% in 32 (30%). Tumors with Ki‐67 ≥3% were more likely to be ALT positive (61% vs. 38%, p = .046). Stratifying by ALT status and Ki‐67 proliferation index, median recurrence‐free survival was 4.6 years for patients with ALT‐positive/Ki‐67 ≥3% tumors, 3.1 years for patients with ALT‐positive/Ki‐67 <3% tumors, 12.4 years for patients with ALT‐negative/Ki‐67 ≥3% tumors, and 20.2 years for patients with ALT‐negative/Ki‐67 <3% tumors (p < .001). Initial recurrence was distant in 82% and locoregional in 18%. Across all groups, overall survival was similar (p = .19). In multivariable analysis, advanced age, ALT positivity, perineural invasion, and lymph node metastases were associated with increased recurrence risk (all p < .05). ALT and Ki‐67 provide complementary information on post‐resection recurrence risk, which can guide subsequent surveillance and management strategies. These data support the incorporation of ALT testing into routine clinical practice.
Income Inequality and National Strategy for Inner Areas: Does Location Matter?
Authors: Bonanno Graziella , Domma Filippo , Errico Lucia 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThis paper examines the relationship between income inequality and municipalities classified as “inner areas” according to the classification proposed by the National Strategy for Inner Areas (NSIA) from 2012 to 2018. This classification categorizes municipalities into different groups based on their distance from essential service provision centers. By adopting a multilevel approach along with Beta Generalized Linear Mixed Models, we obtain two major results. First, inner areas show a lower income concentration index than non‐inner municipalities. Ultra‐peripheral municipalities manifest the greatest difference. Second, our findings show that location matters. While the sign is negative in southern and northern Italy, we find the opposite result in the central regions, where the ultra‐peripheral municipalities show higher income inequality compared to non‐inner areas.
Effect of Different Metabolizable Energy Diets on Broilers' Growth Performance, Nutrient Digestibility, Organ Weight, Fecal Score and Lesion Score
Authors: Kolawole Usman Kayode , Kim In Ho 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThis study was conducted to investigate the effect of diets with different metabolizable energy (ME) levels on broiler growth performance, nutrient digestibility, fecal score, organ weight and lesion score. A total of 1134 1‐day‐old Ross broiler chicks with an initial body weight (BW) of 44.33 ± 1.70 g were randomly assigned to three dietary treatment groups. There were 21 replicate pens per treatment, including 18 male birds per pen. The experimental period was divided into 3 phases and the diets were provided to broilers from days 1 to 34 of age: the starter (days 1–7), growing (days 8–20), and finishing (days 21–34). The dietary treatments included CON, basal diet (3200 Kcal/kg), TRT1, basal diet − 50 kcal/kg ME (3150 Kcal/kg), and TRT2, basal diet + 50 kcal/kg ME (3250 kcal/kg). The TRT2 group showed a reduced (p < 0.05) feed conversion ratio (FCR) compared to the TRT1 group during the growing phase. During the overall experimental period, TRT2 group broilers showed an increased (p < 0.05) average daily gain (ADG) and a reduced (p < 0.05) FCR than in the TRT1 group. However, there were no differences observed in feed intake (FI) and body weight gain (BWG), nutrient digestibility, fecal score, organ weight and lesion score. In conclusion, feeding a diet at 3250 kcal/kg ME from days 1–34 could be suitable for improving both average daily gain and feed conversion ratio in broiler chickens.
The Elastic Moduli of the Random Ellipse Inclusion Model With Spring-Layer Imperfect Interfaces
Authors: Nguyen Van-Luat 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This work presents new formulas for determining the elastic moduli of a random ellipse-inclusion model with spring-layer imperfect interfaces in a two-dimensional space. The surface of the ellipse inclusion, with an infinitely thin coating, has a significant influence on the macroscopic elastic moduli of the composite materials, one of those cases is called spring-layer imperfect interfaces. Using the polarization approximation for the coated-ellipse inclusion model, we have constructed new solutions to determine the elastic moduli of the ellipse inclusion with spring-layer imperfect interfaces. From this, solutions can be obtained to determine the macroscopic elastic moduli of the random ellipse-inclusion model with spring-layer imperfect interfaces in the matrix, using polarization approximation (PA), differential approximation (DA), and fast Fourier transform (FFT). Comparative results demonstrate the effectiveness of these methods.