bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Daytime Sky Brightness at Dome C, Antarctica: Results from all ESCAPE Campaigns
Authors: Haudemand Hervé , Capobianco Gerardo , Fineschi Silvano , Liberatore Alessandro , Guasta Massimo Del 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

The study of the solar corona is a prominent focus in the field of solar physics. However, conducting ground-based observations of the corona is a challenging task due to the interference caused by the diffused sky brightness, which obscures the faint coronal signal. As a result, such observations are primarily carried out during total solar eclipses. The requirement of a sky brightness level as low as 10−6 times the Sun disk brightness (B⊙) is met by few places on Earth, and currently the Mauna Loa Observatory in Hawaii is the only site hosting a solar observatory that satisfies this criterion. Nevertheless, another candidate coronagraphic site was discovered in the Concordia Station at Dome C plateau, Antarctica (≃ 3300m a.s.l.). In this article, we show the last results of the Extreme Solar Coronagraphy Antarctic Program Experiment (ESCAPE) during the 38th summer campaign of the Italian Piano Nazionale di Ricerche in Antartide (PNRA). Here we report a model for estimating the air column, which allows for the first time to account for variations in the Sun’s altitude above the horizon during different observation periods, and we use it to comparethe obtained results with previous campaigns. Our results confirm that Dome C is an ideal coronagraphic site with the required sky brightness level, reaching 1.0 − 0.7 × 10−6B⊙ in optimal conditions
Causal Association of Social Determinants of Health and Dynamic Impact on Mortality in Patients with Chronic Heart Failure
Authors: Wang Yujing , Song Guisheng , Lv Yongfeng , Yan Jingjing , Wang Yajing , Zhang Yanbo , Tian Jing 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Purpose
The causality between social determinants of health (SDoH) and mortality in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) is uncertain. Herein, we assessed the causality using inverse probability weighting (IPW) of marginal structural models (MSMs) during the course of CHF.
Method
A multicenter, prospective cohort study of 1377 patients with CHF were enrolled from September 2017. The social domain and two dimensions of Chronic Heart Failure Patient-Reported Outcomes Measure (CHF-PROM) was used to assess the SDoH, social support, and support utilization of patients with CHF. CHF-PROM and mortality information were obtained at 1, 3, and 6 months following patient discharge, and every 6 months thereafter at regular follow-ups. Logistic regression and IPW of MSMs were applied to analyze the SDoH, social support, and support utilization on mortality in patients with CHF.
Results
Logistic regression showed that at baseline, the SDoH, social support, and support utilization were not associated with mortality in patients with CHF. After adjusting for confounders, MSMs showed that the SDoH and social support were not associated with mortality at baseline. In contrast, low support utilization at baseline and unfavorable SDoH, low social support, and low support utilization during follow-up increased the risk of death in patients with CHF.
Conclusion
Through follow-up data and MSMs analysis, we found that the long-term out-of-hospital causal effects, but not one-time effects of SDoH, are risk factors for CHF mortality. SDoH should be taken seriously during the entire CHF process to prolong patients’ survival.
Trial registration:
The cohort number registered in the China Clinical Trial Registry is ChiCTR2100043337. URL: https://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.html?proj=64980 Registered on February 11, 2021
A comparison of tinted sunscreen availability in urban versus suburban settings in the Detroit area
Authors: Grant Garett J. , Grayson Ciara J. , Rambhatla Pranita V. , Mohammad Tasneem F. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Tinted sunscreens are important for the management of pigmentary disorders and can offer better aesthetics compared to their non-tinted counterparts. However, high prices and limited access pose barriers to access for many skin of color patients. This study assesses tinted sunscreen availability and cost in Detroit, MI versus wealthier surrounding suburbs. Tinted sunscreen products in CVS, Walgreens, and Rite Aid stores in Detroit, Troy, and the Bloomfield area were catalogued and analyzed. Detroit has a much lower per capita income and a higher non-Caucasian population compared to Troy and the Bloomfield area. Our findings show that Detroit has significantly fewer tinted sunscreen products per store (mean 3.6 for all stores, 5.2 for CVS) compared to the Bloomfield area (mean 6.2 for all stores, 9.6 for CVS). Bloomfield's mean price per ounce ($21.67) was significantly higher than Detroit ($16.99) and Troy ($17.24), however, no differences emerged after excluding unique products. Significant differences were also seen in the mean SPF between all areas. These findings suggest that lower-income and higher skin of color areas have limited tinted sunscreen accessibility, which may contribute to reduced sunscreen usage and increased disease burden for these communities.
Leisure-time physical activity and perceived occupational stress: a cross-sectional study of workers in Japan
Authors: Koriyama Sakura , Sawada Susumu S. , Zhai Xiangyu , Dimitroff Serena A. , Nishida Masaki , Tanisawa Kumpei , Kawakami Ryoko , Hamaya Keizo , Shimomitsu Teruichi 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Purpose: We conducted a large cross-sectional study to investigate the relationship between leisure-time physical activity and perceived stress among workers in Japan.
Methods: 7192 workers in Japan were surveyed about their lifestyle habits, frequency of leisure-time physical activity (never, only specific seasons, once or twice a month, once a week, more than twice a week), and perceived occupational stress. According to the frequency of leisure-time physical activity, participants were classified into five groups. Logistic regression models were used to explore the relationship between leisure-time physical activity and perceived stress after adjustment for several confounding factors. Multivariable-adjusted odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals for the prevalence of perceived occupational stress were calculated.
Results: A total of 848 participants reported perceived occupational stress. Using the low leisure-time physical activity group (never) as reference, multivariable-adjusted odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals were 0.79 (0.59−1.07) for “only specific seasons,” 0.84 (0.66−1.08) for “once or twice a month,” 0.80 (0.63−1.03) for “once a week,” and 0.60 (0.46−0.79) for “more than twice a week” (p for trend 0 < 0.001).
Conclusion: In this large cross-sectional study, there was a negative association between leisure-time physical activity frequency and perceived occupational stress was observed among workers in Japan.
The Effects of Sumac Consumption on Inflammatory and Oxidative Stress Factors: A Systematic Review of Randomized Clinical Trials
Authors: Bahari Hossein , Zeraattalab-Motlagh Sheida , Sajadi Hezaveh Zohreh , Namkhah Zahra , Golafrouz Haniyeh , Taheri Shaghayegh , Sahebkar Amirhossein 
Published: June 2024

Background:
Rhus coriaria L., commonly known as Sumac, is a plant from the Anacardiaceae family
that is known for its high phytochemical content. These phytochemicals have the potential to effectively
manage inflammation and oxidative stress. To explore the existing evidence on the impact of Sumac consumption
on inflammation and oxidative stress, we conducted a systematic review of randomized controlled trials.

Methods:
We conducted a comprehensive search of Medline/PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science from inception
to August 2023 to identify relevant studies examining the effects of Sumac on biomarkers of inflammation
and oxidative stress. The selected studies were assessed for risk of bias using the Cochrane tool.

Results:
A total of seven trials were included in this review. Among these trials, three focused on diabetes patients,
while the remaining four involved individuals with fatty liver, overweight individuals with depression,
and those with polycystic ovary or metabolic syndrome. Five studies reported the effects of Sumac on oxidative
stress, with four of them demonstrating a significant reduction in malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and an
increase in total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and paraoxonase 1 (PON1). Regarding inflammation, one study reported
no significant difference in tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels between the
intervention and control groups. The results for high-sensitivity C-reactive protein levels, reported in five
trials, were inconsistent.

Conclusion:
Sumac consumption over time may positively affect oxidative stress, although short-term use
shows minimal impact. While one study found no significant effect on IL-6 and TNF-α, hs-CRP levels could
decrease or remain unchanged. Further meta-analyses are needed to fully understand Sumac's potential benefits
in managing metabolic diseases.
CoF-DResNet: Cancer Metastasis Recognition Network based on Dynamic
Coordinated Metabolic Attention and Structural Attention
Authors: Zhu Sun , Jiang Huiyan , Diao Zhaoshuo , Luan Qiu , Li Yaming , Li Xuena , Pei Yan 
Published: June 2024

Background::
Cancer metastasis usually means that cancer cells spread to other tissues
or organs, and the condition worsens. Identifying whether cancer has metastasized can help
doctors infer the progression of a patient's condition and is an essential prerequisite for devising
treatment plans. Fluorine 18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography
(18F -FDG PET/CT) is an advanced cancer diagnostic imaging technique that provides
both metabolic and structural information.

Method::
In cancer metastasis recognition tasks, effectively integrating metabolic and structural
information stands as a key technology to enhance feature representation and recognition performance.
This paper proposes a cancer metastasis identification network based on dynamic
coordinated metabolic attention and structural attention to address these challenges. Specifically,
metabolic and structural features are extracted by incorporating a dynamic coordinated attention
module (DCAM) into two branches of ResNet networks, thereby amalgamating high metabolic
spatial information from PET images with texture structure information from CT images, and
dynamically adjusting this process through iterations.

Discussion::
Next, to improve the efficacy of feature expression, a multi-receptive field feature
fusion module (MRFM) is included in order to execute multi-receptive field fusion of semantic
features.

Result::
To validate the effectiveness of our proposed model, experiments were conducted on
both a private lung lymph nodes dataset and a public soft tissue sarcomas dataset

Conclusion::
The accuracy of our method reached 76.0% and 75.1% for the two datasets, respectively,
demonstrating an improvement of 6.8% and 5.6% compared to ResNet, thus affirming the
efficacy of our method.
Risk Factors Associated with Osteopenia/Osteoporosis in Antiretroviral Therapy Naive HIV Patients
Authors: Onguru Pinar , Kaya Bulent 
Published: June 2024

Introduction/Objectives:
Different ART (antiretroviral therapy) options may affect the risk of osteopenia/osteoporosis in people living with HIV (PLWH) having increased life expectancy.
Current guidelines recommend bone mineral density (BMD) measurement only in patients at risk. In our study, we investigated the prevalence of osteopenia/osteoporosis and associated risk factors in naive patients not receiving ART.

Methods:
This study included 116 newly diagnosed, ART naive HIV-positive patients who were
studied retrospectively. Vitamin D level, BMD measurement, CD4 and CD8 count, CD4/CD8 ratio, HIV RNA level, body mass index and other risk parameters of ART naive patients were included in our study.

Results:
Results: Of 116 patients, 103 were male and 13 female. 47.4% (osteoporosis in 4.3%, osteopenia
in 43.1%) of patients had osteopenia/osteoporosis. The patients with osteopenia/osteoporosis had
older age (39.2±11.0 vs 32.0±8.6, p=0.0001), lower vitamin D levels (16.0±5.0 vs 24.4±6.3, p=0.0001), lower BMI (body mass index) (23.0±4.0 vs 24.6±4.6 p<0.05), lower CD4 and CD8 counts (405.1±885.0 vs 467.3± 695.1; 849.9570.4 vs 1012.0±629.4 respectively, p<0.05). 41.8% had CD4 count ≤200/μL (vs 18.0%, p=0.005). No statistically significant differences were observed in terms of gender distribution, smoking, alcohol and drug use, comorbidities and, additional drug use and HIV RNA >100 000 copies/ml. In multivariate analysis, age and vitamin D level were significant and independent (p<0.05) risk factors with osteoporosis/osteopenia.

Conclusion:
Being over 40 years of age, CD4 count ≤200/μL, vitamin D level <20 ng/mL and
low BMI are the most important risk factors for osteopenia/osteoporosis in ART naive patients.
Among these parameters, age and vitamin D level were significant and independent risk factors.
These factors may guide the determination of the need for dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA)
testing in ART naive patients and drug choices in the treatment plan.
Optimization of Ultrasound-assisted Extraction of Total Carotenoids from Orange Coral "Astroides calycularis" by Response Surface Methodology
Authors: Adouane Meriem , Kadri Nabil , Benzitoune Nourelimane , Abbou Amina , Kerdouche Kamelia , Berkani Farida , Adel-Abderrahim Khadidja , Mameri Amal , Remini Hocine , Dahmoune Farid , Madani Khodir 
Published: June 2024

Introduction/ Background:
Non-optimized extraction conditions can lead to loss, degradation,
and modification of biomolecules. In this study, we investigated the influence of various
factors on the extraction yield and antioxidant activity of total carotenoids from orange coral Astroides
calycularis.

Materials and Methods:
Total carotenoid yields were compared using eleven different solvent
systems, with acetone demonstrating the highest extraction efficiency. Subsequently, we explored
the impact of extraction time, temperature, acetone concentration, liquid-matter ratio, the addition
of a synthetic antioxidant (butylated hydroxytoluene), and ultrasonic power on total carotenoids'
yield and antioxidant capacities, employing experimental designs based on Plackett-Burman and
Box-Behnken methodologies.

Results and Discussion:
Under the different extraction conditions, total carotenoid yields exhibited
a remarkable range from 2.43 mg/g to 28.12 mg/g. Additionally, the antioxidant activity saw
significant enhancements from 30.68% to 57.76% for the ABTS assay and from 14.34% to
44.34% for the DPPH assay, respectively. Ultrasound extraction yielded higher carotenoid levels
(25.90 mg/g vs. 10.65 mg/g in microwaves) and better antioxidant activity (IC50 values: 0.19 ±
0.002 mg/mL for ABTS, 0.35 ± 0.009 mg/mL for DPPH) compared to microwave extraction. The
interplay between extraction time and temperature emerged as pivotal, with increased time initially
boosting yields and optimal temperatures expediting extractions within shorter durations.
Higher solvent concentrations and appropriate solvent-to-sample ratios also played a significant
role in enhancing carotenoid migration.

Conclusion:
By optimizing extraction conditions, researchers can enhance the efficiency and effectiveness
of natural product isolation processes, thus facilitating further exploration and utilization
of these valuable bioactive compounds.
Aging-associated Aberrant Mitochondrial Redox Signaling, Physical
Activity, and Sarcopenia
Authors: Atayik Mehmet Can , Atasever Erdem , Turgut Şeydanur , Çakatay Ufuk 
Published: June 2024

Abstract::
Aging-related alteration of mitochondrial morphology, impairment in metabolic capacity,
bioenergetics, and biogenesis are closely associated with loss of muscle mass and function. Mitochondrial
Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) stimulate muscular redox signaling mechanisms.
Bioenergetic integrity of mitochondria and redox signaling dynamics deteriorates in aged skeletal
muscle. Mitochondrial bioenergetic impairment leads to excessive ROS levels and induces the generation
of defective mitochondria. Higher ROS levels may induce senescence or apoptosis. It is
not a resolved issue that mitochondrial dysfunction is either the sole reason or a consequence of
muscle loss (or both). However, Increasing evidence emphasizes that dysregulated mitochondrial
redox signaling has a central role in age-related muscle loss. Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor
2 (Nrf2) regulates redox signaling pathways with the expression of antioxidant genes. As the
aberrant redox signaling mechanisms in aging skeletal muscle become clearer, new natural and
synthetic Nrf2-modulating substances and integrated daily physical activity alternatives are coming
into view for preventing muscle loss in the elderly. A comprehensive understanding of the relationship
between redox signaling pathways and age-related sarcopenia can help us to prevent sarcopenia
and its frailty effects with an optimized exercise program as an innovative non-pharmacological
therapeutic approach. A further aspect is necessary to consider both individualized physical
training options and alternative Nrf2 signaling modulators. Ameliorating the redox signaling
with physical activity and pharmacological interventions may help to prevent sarcopenia and its
frailty effects.
Superoxide Ion-Assisted Radical Cascade Reaction: Synthesis of 3-nitro-4-aryl-2H-chromen-2-ones from Aryl Alkynoate Esters under Methylene Blue Visible Light Photocatalysis
Authors: Natarajan Palani , Meena  , Partigya  
Published: June 2024

Background:
From an industries and academic perspective, there is a need for a method
for producing 3-nitro-4-aryl-2H-chromen-2-ones from aryl alkynoate esters that is both economic
and environmental benign. In this context, superoxide ion-assisted radical cascade reaction can be
an efficient and greener protocol.

Objective:
Herein, we have demonstrated an unprecedented methylene blue (MB) visible light photocatalysis
for the production of a series of 3-nitro-4-aryl-2H-chromen-2-ones from readily available
aryl alkynoate esters and a nitrating agent in solution.

Methods:
Synthesis of 3-nitro-4-aryl-2H-chromen-2-ones has been performed in the presence of
aryl alkynoate ester, TBAN, DIPEA, solvent, catalyst and molecular oxygen under visible light irradiation
at room temperature. The products were purified by column chromatography using silica
gel, and the mixture of ethyl acetate/petroleum ether as an eluting solvent and characterized by IR,
NMR and mass spectroscopic analysis.

Results:
A series of aryl alkynoate esters were successfully nitrated into corresponding 3-nitro-4-
aryl-2H-chromen-2-ones with good isolated yields by this protocol, in which the key NO2-radicals
formed by the action of superoxide ion (O2−·).

Conclusion:
In contrast to the literature-reported methods of synthesis of 3-nitro-4-aryl-2Hchromen-
2-ones, the process described here for making 3-nitro-4-aryl-2H-chromen-2-ones uses
methylene blue visible light photocatalysis, is inexpensive, mild, does not require a metal precursor
or high temperatures, and is successful when using the direct sunlight.
The Implementation Plan and Reform Path for Integrating Innovation and Entrepreneurship Education into Professional Education—Take the Engine Principles Course for Example
Authors: Lin Xiaodan , Zhang Bin 
Published: June 2024

In recent years, in the context of "Innovation and entrepreneurship", colleges and universities have been actively fostering versatile talents with a strong foundation in professional skills, innovative thinking, and entrepreneurial abilities. This has posed new Innovation and entrepreneurship challenges to the professional education of vehicle engineering. Taking the teaching of "Automobile Engine Principles" as an example, this paper integrates innovation and entrepreneurship education into professional education by reforming the teaching practice plan for the course on engine principles. It optimizes the course content, enhances the course evaluation system, cultivates students' potential for innovation and entrepreneurship, improves their abilities in these areas, and achieves the educational goal of comprehensive cultivation of knowledge, skills, and qualities.
Efectividad de la enseñanza a distancia de los principios básicos de cirugía veterinaria
Authors: Perez-Rivero Juan José , Herrera Barragán José Antonio , Lozada Gallegos Angel , Rendón Franco Emilio 
Published: June 2024

Durante el confinamiento por la pandemia de SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19), se evaluó la efectividad de la enseñanza a distancia de los principios básicos de cirugía utilizando la plataforma Entorno Virtual de Aprendizaje (ENVIA). Participaron 209 estudiantes de la licenciatura en Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, en su cuarto año de carrera. La instrucción se llevó a cabo de manera asincrónica, a través de foros, lecturas y podcast, también se realizaron sesiones sincrónicas mediante videoconferencia. Para evaluar el cambio en el nivel de conocimientos, se aplicó un cuestionario al inicio del curso (semana 1) y al final (semana 10), utilizando la plataforma de Formularios de Google™. Los estudiantes participaron de forma voluntaria, y solo se recopiló su dirección de correo electrónico institucional para vincular los cuestionarios inicial y final. Las preguntas del cuestionario abarcaron diferentes áreas de conocimiento: anestesia (10 %), asepsia (20 %), hemostasia (10 %), manejo delicado de tejidos (20 %) y sutura (40 %). En el cuestionario inicial, el promedio de calificación fue de 5 sobre 10; mientras que, en el final, de 8 sobre 10. Mediante la prueba de rangos firmados de Wilcoxon, se encontró una diferencia significativa (P < 0.0001) entre las calificaciones iniciales y finales. Se identificó la necesidad de reforzar los conocimientos en el manejo delicado de tejidos y sutura. Estos resultados indican que este modelo de enseñanza a distancia tiene el potencial de mejorar la eficacia del autoaprendizaje de los estudiantes en los principios básicos de cirugía.
How Did the COVID-19 Pandemic Affect Audit Fees and Filing Delays?
Authors: Ettredge Michael L. , Mao Juan , Stone Mary , Sun Lili 
Published: June 2024

SUMMARY
We investigate the effect of the 2019 Coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19) on audit fees and filing delays following the pandemic’s onset. Employing location-specific stay-at-home (S@H) mandates to proxy for COVID’s disrupting effects on audits, we fail to find evidence of a change in audit fees in response to initial S@H mandates. However, S@H mandates are associated with an increase in filing delays. We drill down to explore two mechanisms underlying the effect of COVID-19 on filing delays: increased risk of material misstatement and difficulties in audit team coordination. We find that S@H mandates increase filing delays to a greater extent for engagements with high misstatement risk and engagements with high coordination challenges. Our findings are important for understanding the pandemic’s effect on audits and have implications for future audits in regard to audit team coordination.
Data Availability: Data are available from the public sources cited in the text.
JEL Classifications: M40; M41; M42.