bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of ultrasonic and Er,Cr:YSGG laser-activated irrigation protocol on dual-species root canal biofilm removal: An in vitro study
Authors: Datla Venkata Divya Durga , Uppalapati Lakshman Varma , Pilli Hema Prakash Kumari , Mandava Jyothi , Kantheti Sirisha , Komireddy Sri Naagaja Krishnaveni , Chandolu Vedamani 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Aim:
The aim of the study was to investigate the disinfecting efficacy of a standardized irrigating solution activated by ultrasonics or laser irradiation on mature dual-species biofilms at different root levels in vitro.

Materials and Methods:
Conventional access cavity preparations were done on 160 single-rooted mandibular premolar teeth with single canals. Freshly extracted oral microbial strains of Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus mutans, Enterococcus faecalis, and Candida albicans after biochemical confirmation were used to generate two discrete dual-species microbial inoculums. The sterilized tooth samples were randomly segregated into two groups (n = 80) and inoculated with a mixed inoculum of S. aureus + E. faecalis strains (Group 1) and S. mutans + C. albicans strains (Group 2), respectively. Following the 21-day incubation period under aerobic conditions, the infected specimens in each group were divided into four subgroups (n = 20) and subjected to experimental treatment protocols. This included a positive control (no treatment of biofilms), syringe irrigation alone with TruNatomy needle, passive ultrasonically activated irrigation with 20# Irrisafe tip, and laser agitation of irrigant with Er,Cr:YSGG laser using RFT 2 laser tip. Root canals of experimental specimens (except the control samples) are instrumented with TruNatomy rotary file system using 1:1 mixture of 3% NaOCl and 18% etidronic acid as irrigants. The quantitative assessment of reduction in viable biofilm microbes after treatment was done using colony-forming unit counts and confocal laser scanning microscopy image analysis. The obtained data were analyzed statistically with a significant level set at 0.05.

Results:
Laser-assisted irrigation has shown a considerably higher mean percentage reduction of microbes compared to ultrasonic agitation and the syringe irrigation showed the least microbial reduction (P = 0.001). No significant difference was noted between the three root regions of ultrasonic and laser groups (P > 0.05), whereas in the syringe groups, apical portions showed higher microbial counts compared to cervical and mid-root regions (P = 0.001).

Conclusion:
Erbium laser-assisted irrigation has performed superior to ultrasonic agitation against both the experimental dual-species biofilms, while the syringe irrigation showed the least microbial reduction specifically at apical root portions.
Enamel hypoplasia with nonsyndromic oligodontia: A rare case report
Authors: Pracheth T. V. , Vedavathi B. , Ranjini M. A. , Mazumdar Payel 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Enamel hypoplasia is an exclusive ectodermal disturbance, related to alterations in the organic enamel matrix which can cause white flecks, narrow horizontal bands, lines of pits, grooves, and discoloration of the teeth. It can result in compromised oral health that causes physiological and psychological disturbances. Management of enamel hypoplasia not only includes esthetic and functional rehabilitation of the patient but also requires a positive rapport building with the patient due to psychosocial issues. The present case reports elucidate step-by-step management of 16-year-old female patient who presented with localized enamel hypoplasia with severely decayed anterior teeth, poor dental esthetics, and oligodontia of the lower teeth.
Evaluation of postoperative pain in endodontic retreatment with apical periodontitis using ozonated 2% chlorhexidine and 0.1% octenidine application: A randomized clinical trial
Authors: Sinha Nidhi , Asthana Geeta , Parmar Girish , Langaliya Akshayraj , Shah Jinali , Singh Bijay 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Introduction:
This study aimed to evaluate and compare postoperative pain (PP) in single-visit nonsurgical endodontic retreatment (SV NSER) with 2% chlorhexidine (CHX), 0.1% octenidine (OCT) with or without ozone, and 5.25% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl).

Materials and Methods:
In this randomized, parallel, prospective, double-blind, clinical trial, 132 single-rooted, root-filled teeth with symptomatic apical periodontitis (AP) requiring NSER were allocated into six groups randomly (n = 22/group): 2% CHX with NaOCl (CHXH), 2% Ozonated CHX without NaOCl (OCHX), 2% Ozonated CHX with NaOCl (OCHXH), 0.1% OCT with NaOCl (OCTH), 0.1% Ozonated OCT without NaOCl (OOCT), and 0.1% Ozonated OCT with NaOCl (OOCTH). Standard NSER protocol was followed groups were irrigated with 15 ml of ozonated or nonozonated irrigant (CHX/OCT) for 3–5 min with ultrasonic agitation. PP at baseline, after 6, 12, 24, 48 h, and 7 days was recorded using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS). Logistic regression of predictor variables was compared using the Chi-square test. For group-wise and time-wise comparisons, a two-way analysis of variance followed by the post hoc Bonferroni test was carried out.

Results:
None of the patient-related variables in logistic regression obtained a statistically significant (P > 0.05) role in PP. The VAS score after 6 h was OCHX (4.72) > OOCT (4.42) > CHXH (4.23) > OCTH (3.95) > OCHXH (3.42) > OOCTH (3.21). OOCTH and OCHXH groups demonstrated statistically significant reductions in VAS scores at various time intervals (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:
SV NSER with ozonated OCT, CHX irrigation, and NaOCl resulted in lesser PP at all time intervals, i.e., 6, 12, 24, 48 h, and 7 days in patients with symptomatic AP.
Data-driven dentistry: Computational revelations redefining pulp capping
Authors: Kumar N. Kiran , Geervani V. Swetha , Kumar R. S. Mohan , Singh Shishir , Abhishek M. , Manimozhi M. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Introduction:
Pulpal and periradicular diseases stem from immune reactions to microbiota, causing inflammation. Limited blood supply hampers dental pulp self-healing. Managing inflammation involves eliminating bacteria and reducing pro-inflammatory mediators especially MMP-9, which has a significant correlation with pulpitis. s. Flavonoids like Hesperidin, Baicalein, Epigallocatechin gallate, Genistein, Icariin, and Quercetin show potential for pulp capping.

Aim:
This in-silico study compares various Flavonoids for their anti-inflammatory effects on MMP-9, with Chlorhexidine as a control, a known MMP-9 inhibitor.

Materials and Methods:
Protein and Ligand Preparation: The human MMP-9 catalytic domain (PDB ID: 4XCT) structure was retrieved, and necessary modifications were made. Flavonoids from PubChem database were prepared for docking using AutoDock Vina. A grid for docking was created, and molecular dynamics simulations were conducted using Gromacs-2019.4 with GROMOS96 force field. Trajectory analysis was performed, and MM-PBSA calculation determined binding free energies.

Results:
Analysis of MMP-9 and ligand interactions revealed Hesperidin’s high binding affinity, forming numerous hydrogen bonds with specific amino acids. Molecular dynamics simulations confirmed stability, with RMSD, RMSF, Rg, and SASA indicating consistent complex behaviour over 100 ns. MM-PBSA calculation affirmed favourable energy contributions in MMP-9-Hesperidin interactions.

Conclusion:
MMP-9 plays a crucial role in prognosis of pulpitis. Incorporating MMP-9 inhibitors into pulp capping agents may enhance therapeutic efficacy. Hesperidin emerges as a potent MMP-9 inhibitor, warranting further in vivo validation against other agents.
Antibiotic usage within cesarean section procedures in resourced-limited Kenya: A study of 23 facilities
Authors: Hinson Chandler Sasser , Sawyer Robert G. 
Published: June 2024

Introduction:
In Kenyan cesarean sections (CS), antibiotics play a crucial role in preventing surgical site infections. In Kenya, where maternal health care is a pivotal public health concern, understanding the efficacy and appropriateness of antibiotic prophylaxis in CS is crucial. This study seeks to address this gap by understanding antibiotic prophylaxis practices and the classes of antibiotics utilized for prophylaxis during CS in Kenya.

Methods:
We conducted a cross-sectional survey on infection prevention and control (IPC) practices by adapting the World Health Organization (WHO) IPC assessment framework. One component of this survey included questions on antibiotic prophylaxis for CS. Purposive sampling was used to identify 23 hospitals across seven districts in Kenya that provided CS.

Results:
All 23 facilities used a form of systemic antibiotic prophylaxis. Preoperative systemic antibiotic prophylaxis was used by 78.2%, and postoperative prophylaxis was universal. The mean duration of postoperative antibiotic prophylaxis was 3.87 days. Ceftriaxone (91.3%), metronidazole (82.6%), and gentamicin (26.1%) were the most common systemic antibiotics. In addition, 91.3% administered oral antibiotics postoperatively, with a mean duration of 5.6 days. Predominant oral antibiotics included metronidazole (82.6%), amoxicillin–clavulanate (60.9%), and ceftriaxone (13.0%).

Conclusion:
The antibiotic practices utilized within the Kenya setting do not follow either the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) or WHO recommendations. Both organizations recommend pre-CS administration of a first-generation cephalosporin 60 min before incision. This class of antibiotics is not used at any of the study sites. In addition, all of the study sites provide postantibiotic prophylaxis, which is not recommended by either ACOG or WHO for prophylaxis.
Epidemiology, antimicrobial resistance, and outcomes of intra-abdominal infections in China (PRIME): Protocol of a multicenter, prospective, observational study
Authors: Tian Sai , Li Jiayang , Wang Jiajie , Wu Wenqi , Zhou Zhitao , Wu Meilin , Wu Xiuwen , Ren Jianan 
Published: June 2024

Introduction:
Intra-abdominal infections (IAIs) are a common cause of inpatient morbidity and poor clinical outcomes. Currently, epidemiological studies on IAIs are scarce and generally limited to single-center reports or regional initiatives in China. There is still a lack of epidemiological data on patients with IAIs. This study aims to provide an up-to-date investigation of the epidemiologic characteristics, microbiology, antibiotic treatments, risk factors, and outcomes of patients with IAIs in China, and to provide guidelines for clinical practice.

Subjects and Methods:
The PRIME study is a multicenter, prospective, observational study, which is conducted in 44 hospitals in China. The study is estimated to include 2250 eligible adult patients diagnosed with IAIs. Data including demographics, severity of disease expression, and microbiological data are collected by trained physicians at each center through a designed electronic data capture system. In addition, the application of antimicrobial therapy and source control, organ support, and clinical outcomes are also recorded. The primary outcome is 28-day mortality. Logistic regression analysis will be used to assess the potential risk factors for mortality. The study is designed to be carried out from November 2023 to November 2024.

Results:
The main demographics and clinical characteristics of all patients will be summarized. The spectrum and antimicrobial resistance information of pathogenic bacteria in patients with IAIs will be reported. The study will also compare differences in the prevalence of antimicrobial resistance in different regions of China. Treatments against IAI, including infection source control and the application of antimicrobial agents, will be recorded and analyzed. The calculation of 28-day mortality rate and the assessment of risk factors for mortality will be conducted.

Discussion:
By conducting this multicenter observational study, we hope to provide first-hand data on the epidemiologic characteristics, antimicrobial resistance, and outcomes and the latest epidemiological insights of patients with IAIs in China.

Conclusions:
This multicenter observational study will provide the latest epidemiological insights of patients with IAIs in China.
Metaphorical Thinking of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Its Features
Authors: Shi Yong , Yue Feng 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Objective:
This study focuses on the cognitive mechanism for combining Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) theories with conceptual metaphorical theories and analyzes how TCM explains its theories through metaphor.

Materials and Methods:
Metaphorical thinking of TCM (MTT) is explicitly defined as a proper integration of many key concepts in traditional Chinese philosophy and medicine, such as “correspondence between man and the universe,” “Yin-Yang and five-phase doctrines,” “Xiang-based analogy and categorization,” “syndrome differentiation and treatment,” “theory of visceral manifestation,” and “six climate exopathogens and seven emotions.”

Results:
Three essential features of MTT are proposed: double mapping structures, including simple and categorization styles; double thinking centers, including entity-based and process-based thinking patterns; and double operational functions, including descriptive and inferential functions.

Conclusions:
Analysis of the complicated features of MTT is helpful not only for enriching the study of metaphors but also for revealing the original appearance of TCM, the real meaning of TCM theories, and providing a new way to develop TCM.
Series‐arc‐fault diagnosis using feature fusion‐based deep learning model
Authors: Choi Won‐Kyu , Kim Se‐Han , Bae Ji‐Hoon 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis paper describes the detection of series arc faults, which constitute the major cause of electrical fires, in a power distribution system. Because the characteristics of series arc faults change considerably depending on the load type, their accurate detection and analysis are difficult. We propose a series‐arc‐fault detector that uses a transfer learning (TL)‐based feature fusion model. The model is trained stagewise for various features in the time and frequency domains using a one‐dimensional convolutional neural network combined with a long short‐term memory model that uses an attention mechanism to accurately detect arc‐fault features. To enhance the reliability of the proposed model, we implement an arc‐fault generator compliant with the UL1699 standard and acquire high‐quality data that suitably reflect the real environment. Experimental results show that the proposed model achieves an accuracy of 99.99% in classifying series arc faults for five different loads. Hence, a performance improvement of approximately 1.7% in classification accuracy is reached compared with a feature fusion model that does not incorporate TL‐based model transfer and the attention mechanism.
Evaluasi Kebijakan Penerapan Mekanisme Salur Langsung Dana Bantuan Operasional Kesehatan Puskesmas di Kabupaten Pulang Pisau
Authors: Khairunnisa  , Said Meldasari , Arifin Zainal 
Published: June 2024

Tahun 2023 adalah tahun pertama dilaksanakannya mekanisme salur langsung Bantuan Operasional Kesehatan (BOK) puskesmas. Tujuan dari perubahan mekanisme ini adalah untuk mempercepat penerimaan dana BOK di tingkat puskesmas, mempercepat pelaksanaan kegiatan di puskesmas, menyederhanakan proses birokrasi penyaluran dana BOK di tingkat daerah, meningkatkan akuntabilitas penyaluran, dan untuk memonitor proses penyaluran serta penyerapan BOK puskesmas secara langsung. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi efektivitas dari penerapan kebijakan mekanisme salur langsung dana BOK puskesmas. Penelitian kualitatif dilakukan di enam puskesmas di Kabupaten Pulang Pisau, Kalimantan Tengah. Wawancara dilakukan terhadap delapan orang informan kunci yang terkait dengan pengelolaan BOK puskesmas di Kabupaten Pulang Pisau. Materi wawancara mencakupi perencanaan penggunaan anggaran (planning), pengorganisasian (organizing), pelaksanaan kegiatan (actuating), dan pengawasan (controlling). Proses perencanaan dan pengawasan sudah efektif (efektifitas tinggi). Meski demikian, proses pengorganisasian dan pelaksanaan masih belum efektif sehingga menyebabkan tujuan dari penerapan mekanisme salur langsung tersebut kurang maksimal. Oleh karena itu, puskesmas perlu membuat Surat Keputusan (SK) Penetapan Pengelola Program. SK ini diharapkan dapat menghindari rangkap jabatan di Puskesmas sehingga pengelola penyaluran dana BOK dapat lebih berdedikasi, mengurangi beban kerja Bendahara BOK dalam hal pelaporan, serta menanggulangi masalah salur langsung dana yang harusnya diberikan ke kader atau masyarakat desa yang mayoritas masih tidak memiliki rekening bank. Dengan demikian diharapkan tidak terjadi lagi penurunan belanja kegiatan dibanding tahun sebelumnya.
Integrated development of rural areas of the Republic of Kalmykia
Authors: Болаев К.К. , Болаева Д.К. , Джупаева Д.В. , Китеева Д.И. 
Published: June 2024

В статье собрана и обобщена информация по реализации государственной программы «Комплексное развитие сельских территорий» в Республике Калмыкия, отмечены проблемы и недостатки при планировании мероприятий.
The article collects and summarizes information on the implementation of the state program “Integrated rural development” in the Republic of Kalmykia, problems and shortcomings in the planning of events are noted. Keywords: development; region; rural population.
Lean technologies as a tool for improving the competitiveness of small and medium-sized businesses
Authors: Мирончук В.А. , Золкин А.Л. , Гарбузова Т.Г. , Маркова С.В. 
Published: June 2024

Статья посвящена изучению применения лин-технологий в контексте малого и среднего бизнеса как инструментов, способствующих повышению конкурентоспособности предприятий. Особое внимание уделяется анализу влияния бережливых технологий на оптимизацию бизнес-процессов, сокращение издержек и улучшение качества продукции. Исследование включает рассмотрение стратегических преимуществ, которые малый и средний бизнес может получить благодаря внедрению данных методик, включая ускорение процессов разработки, надежность поставок и минимизацию трудозатрат. Работа освещает роль инноваций и их ассоциации с лин-технологиями, подчеркивая значимость непрерывного совершенствования и культуру постоянных улучшений в рамках организационной практики. Результаты исследования демонстрируют, как малые и средние предприятия могут эффективно использовать бережливые инновации для достижения устойчивого развития и улучшения экономических показателей в условиях современной экономической динамики.
The article is devoted to the study of the use of lean technologies in the context of small and medium-sized businesses as tools that enhance the competitiveness of enterprises. Special attention is paid to the analysis of the impact of lean technologies on optimizing business processes, reducing costs and improving product quality. The study includes consideration of the strategic advantages that small and medium-sized businesses can gain through the implementation of these techniques, including acceleration of development processes, reliability of supplies and minimization of labor costs. The work also highlights the role of innovation and its association with lean technologies, emphasizing the importance of continuous improvement and a culture of continuous improvement within organizational practice. The results of the study demonstrate how small and medium-sized enterprises can effectively use lean innovations to achieve sustainable development and improve economic performance in the context of modern economic dynamics.
Ways to improve anti-corruption control to increase economic efficiency
Authors: Саляхов Д.Д. , Бахарев В.М. , Алексеев С.Л. 
Published: June 2024

В статье предложены комплексные мероприятия для развития механизма антикоррупционного контроля с учетом особенностей функционирования дополнительного профессионального образования в аграрной сфере, эффективность которых заключается в постепенном исключении человеческого фактора из цепочки действий, направленных на предупреждение коррупции; предложены мероприятия по обучению сотрудников антикоррупционных органов, требующие специальных образовательных программ, предполагающих формирование знаний о технике и инструментах выявления коррупционных фактов в системе институтов дополнительного профессионального образования в аграрной сфере.
This article proposes comprehensive measures for the development of an anti-corruption control mechanism, taking into account the peculiarities of the functioning of additional education in the agricultural sector, the effectiveness of which lies in the gradual exclusion of the human factor from the chain of actions aimed at preventing corruption; measures have been proposed to train employees of anti-corruption bodies, requiring special educational programs that involve the formation of knowledge about techniques and tools for identifying corruption in the system of further education institutions in the agricultural sector.
Bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis identifies protein C rather than protein S or antithrombin-III is associated with deep venous thrombosis
Authors: Shu Liang , Sun Liyan , Yu Cong , Ren Dabin , Zheng Ping , Zhang Yisong 
Published: June 2024

IntroductionObservational studies have indicated significant contributions of protein C and protein S to thrombotic diseases, yet the "anticoagulation paradox" in deep venous thrombosis (DVT) remains unresolved. Therefore, we conducted an investigation to discern the causal effects of protein C, protein S and antithrombin-III on DVT risk.Material and methodsWe employed a two-sample (one to estimate gene-exposure relationship and the other to estimate gene-outcome relationship) bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) framework to assess the causal associations between protein C, protein S, antithrombin-III and DVT.ResultsGenetic associations with DVT were extracted from a comprehensive genome-wide association study involving 484,598 individuals. In the multivariable MR analysis, the odds ratios for DVT per standard deviation (SD) increase were 1.005 (95% CI: 1.002-1.008; P <0.001) for protein C, 0.997 (95% CI: 0.992-1.001; P=0.146) for protein S, and 1.001 (95% CI: 0.998-1.005; P=0.456) for antithrombin-III. A two-step MR mediation analysis revealed that the association between protein C and DVT was partially mediated by body mass index, with a mediated proportion of 11.4% (95% confidence interval, 2.3% to 79.2%).ConclusionsThese findings provide insights into the genetic relationship between relative protein C rather than protein S or antithrombin-III levels and DVT, offering potential utility in identifying at-risk patients for DVT development.