bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Paleoenvironmental changes across the Eocene-Oligocene boundary: insights from the Central-Carpathian Paleogene Basin
Authors: Soták Ján 
Published: October 2010

Paleoenvironmental changes across the Eocene-Oligocene boundary: insights from the Central-Carpathian Paleogene Basin
The sedimentary sequence of the Central-Carpathian Paleogene Basin provides proxy records of climatic changes related to cooling events at the Eocene/Oligocene boundary (TEE). In this basin, climatic deterioration is inferred from the demise of the carbonate platform and oligotrophic benthic biota in the SBZ19 and from the last species of warm-water planktonic foraminifers in the E14 Zone. Upper Eocene formations already indicate warm-temperate to cool-temperate productivity and nutrient-enriched conditions (Bryozoan Marls, Globigerina Marls). Rapid cooling during the earliest Oligocene (Oi-1 event) led to a temperature drop (~11 °C), humidity, fresh water influx and continental runoff, water mass stratification, bottom water anoxia, eutrofication, estuarine circulation and upwelling, carbonate depletion, sapropelitic and biosiliceous deposition, H2S intoxication and mass faunal mortality, and also other characteristics of Black Sea-type basins. Tectonoeustatic events with the interference of TA 4.4 sea-level fall and the Pyrenean phase caused basin isolation at the beginning of the Paratethys. The Early Oligocene stage of Paratethyan isolation is indicated by a stagnant regime, low tide influence, endemic fauna development, widespread anoxia and precipitation of manganese deposits. The episodic rise in the sea-level, less humid conditions and renewed circulation is marked by calcareous productivity, nannoplankton blooms and the appearance of planktic pteropods and re-oxygenation. Paleogeographic differentiation of the Carpatho-Pannonian Paleogene basins resulted from plate-tectonic reorganization during the Alpine orogenesis.
Magnetic field of the Western Carpathians (Slovakia): reflections on the structure of the crust
Authors: Kubeš Peter , Bezák Vladimír , Kucharič Ľudovít , Filo Miroslav , Vozár Jozef , Konečný Vlastimil , Kohút Milan , Gluch Augustín 
Published: October 2010

Magnetic field of the Western Carpathians (Slovakia): reflections on the structure of the crustA new digital magnetic map of Slovakia on the scale of 1: 200,000 and 1: 500,000 was compiled at the end of 2008 as the output of database magnetic objects from the whole territory of Slovakia at a scale of 1: 50,000. The variable geological structure of the West Carpathian crust is depicted in the equally variable magnetic field of this region. A sizable number of magnetic anomalies with manifold character have been recognized. The basic anomalies distribution was divided into two groups: anomalies connected with rocks of the pre-Neogene basement and anomalies which originate in Neogene and Quaternary volcanic products. Most of the significant anomalies in the pre-Neogene basement were interpreted, modelled and consequently its geological and tectonic classification was worked out. On the basis of the anomalous field features, the following sources of anomalies have been distinguished: a) known, located on the surface, or at shallow depths verified by boreholes, mainly expressed by simple morphology, b) deep-seated and expressed by complicated morphology, reinterpreted or newly interpreted and also problematic. According to our present knowledge the interpretations are insufficient and remain open for further investigation. The above mentioned sources of magnetic anomalies are classified in terms of tectonic provenience to the main tectonic units.
FDG PET/CT for therapeutic response monitoring in multi-site non-respiratory tuberculosis
Authors: Tian Geng , Xiao Yong , Chen Bin , Xia Jun , Guan Hong , Deng Qunyi 
Published: October 2010

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) can produce positive signals during 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission/computed tomography (FDG PET/CT) scanning. Until now, there has been no better method than clinical assessment to evaluate the therapeutic response of non-respiratory TB (NRTB). Purpose: To retrospectively assess the ability of FDG PET/CT to evaluate the response to anti-TB treatment in patients with NRTB. Material and Methods: Three patients with multi-site NRTB underwent repeat PET/CT scans during anti-TB treatment. Changes in maximal standard uptake value (SUVmax) of the TB lesions on PET/CT images were analyzed between two scans. Initial PET/CT scans were performed before the start of anti-TB treatment, and later scans were performed after completion of the treatment. Results: Patient 1, a 63-year-old female, and patient 2, a 50-year-old male, were diagnosed as multi-site NRTB by biopsy. Patient 3, a 37-year-old male was diagnosed clinically. These patients demonstrated multiple FDG-avid lesions in whole body on initial PET/CT images. The highest SUVmax of patient 1, 2, and 3 were 13.6, 17.7, and 13.9 separately. After completion of the treatment, all positive signals of patient 1, 2, and 3 decreased to undetectable value on repeated PET/CT scans with intervals of 318 days, 258 days, and 182 days separately. Conclusion: FDG PET/CT scan may be useful for monitoring responses to anti-TB treatment in patients with NRTB.
Screen-film mammography versus full-field digital mammography in a population-based screening program: The Sogn and Fjordane study
Authors: Juel Inger-Marie , Skaane Per , Hoff Solveig Roth , Johannessen Gunnar , Hofvind Solveig 
Published: October 2010

Background: Studies comparing analog and digital mammography in breast cancer screening have shown conflicting results. Little is known about the use of digital photon-counting detectors. Purpose: To retrospectively compare performance indicators in screen-film (SFM) and full-field digital mammography (FFDM) using a photon-counting detector in a population-based screening program. Material and Methods: The Norwegian Social Science Data Services approved the study, which was part of the Norwegian Breast Cancer Screening Program. The program invites women aged 50–69 years to two-view mammography biannually. The study period was January 2005 to June 2006 for SFM and August 2006 to December 2007 for FFDM. Independent double reading was performed using a five-point rating scale for probability of cancer. Recalls due to abnormal mammography were retrospectively reviewed by an expert panel. Performance indicators for the two techniques were compared. Attendance rate was 83.6% (7442/8901) for SFM and 82.0% (6932/8451) for FFDM. Results: The recall rate due to abnormal mammography, cancer detection rate and positive predictive value did not differ significantly between SFM and FFDM: recall 2.3% (174/7442) versus 2.4% (168/6932), cancer detection 0.39% (29/7442) versus 0.48% (33/6932), positive predictive value 16.7% (29/174) versus 19.6% (33/168), respectively ( P>0.05 for all). The recall rate due to technically inadequate mammograms was 0.3% (19/7442) for SFM and 0.01% (1/6932) for FFDM. In the retrospective review, a significantly higher proportion of calcifications and asymmetric density were categorized as normal or definitively benign in FFDM compared with SFM. The average glandular dose was 2.17 mGy for SFM and 1.25 mGy for FFDM. Conclusion: Performance indicators show that FFDM using photon-counting detector is suitable for breast cancer screening. The lower radiation dose and lower recalls due to technically inadequate mammograms are of importance in mammography screening.
Kinetic characteristics of ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) in dynamic breast MRI using computer-assisted analysis
Authors: Vag Tibor , Baltzer Pascal A. T. , Dietzel Matthias , Benndorf Matthias , Gajda Mieczyslaw , Camara Oumar , Kaiser Werner A. 
Published: October 2010

Background: Enhancement characteristics of breast lesions are regarded as a major criterion for their differential diagnosis in dynamic breast MRI (bMRI). However, ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) exhibits a highly heterogeneous enhancement pattern when kinetic analysis is performed conventionally by manual placement of region of interest (ROI) and therefore its diagnosis remains challenging. Purpose: To compare enhancement characteristics of DCIS lesions on dynamic bMRI using manual ROI placement with computer-aided analysis and to evaluate whether the latter might increase the detection rate of kinetic features suspicious for malignancy. Material and Methods: The enhancement patterns of 47 histopathologically verified pure DCIS lesions were evaluated on bMRI images using manual ROI placement as well as a commercially available computer analysis software. The latter is able to automatically assess enhancement characteristics of a whole lesion pixelwise. Kinetic features evaluated included classification of lesion enhancement pattern into washout, plateau or persistent curve type. A washout and plateau enhancement pattern are regarded as suggestive for malignancy. Results: Morphological classification revealed focus-like enhancement in 2 lesions, mass enhancement in 11, and non-mass enhancement in 34. Manual placement of ROI demonstrated a suspicious enhancement pattern in 51.1% of the DCIS lesions, which could not be significantly increased using computer-aided analysis. Of the mass and non-mass-enhancing DCIS lesions, 90.9% and 38.3%, respectively, demonstrated suspicious kinetic curves. After application of the automated analysis software, the detection rate of suspicious enhancement patterns was unchanged in mass DCIS lesions and increased to 52.9% in non-mass DCIS lesions ( P=0.33). However, the increase in the detection of washout curves alone was significant ( P=0.02). In all, 40% of G1, 41.1% of G2, and 60% of G3 lesions demonstrated a suspicious curve type with manual evaluation. Computer analysis increased the detection of suspicious enhancement patterns in a non-significant manner to 50%, 58.8%, and 70%, respectively. Conclusion: The detection of suspicious enhancement curves could not be significantly increased in DCIS lesions when using computer-aided analysis despite a significantly higher detection rate of washout curves alone.
A practical approach to interpretation of MRI of the temporomandibular joint
Authors: Moen Ketil , Hellem Sølve , Geitung Jonn Terje , Skartveit Liv 
Published: October 2010

Background: Temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) such as pain, joint sounds, and impaired movement are common, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is now the method of choice for diagnostic assessment. Purpose: To describe MR criteria chosen and the amount of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) pathology registered when examining MR images from patients referred to a university hospital for imaging of their TMJs. Material and Methods: The TMJs of 152 consecutive patients, 102 women and 40 men, referred for MRI during an 18 month period were imaged with a 1.5 T imaging system. Twelve asymptomatic students, seven women and five men, gave informed consent and acted as a control group. Results: Moderate to extensive disk displacement was registered in 53% of the patients’ TMJs, and 38% of the disks were deformed. Degenerative changes registered were flattening of the condyle heads in 50% of the TMJs and erosion of their cortical surfaces in 30%. Osteophytes were present in 31% of the condyles and bone marrow edema in 30%. Marked to extensive effusion in synovial compartments was registered in 39% of the studied TMJs. In the control group, none of the TMJs showed anterior disk displacement, deformed disks or degenerative changes, but 8 of the 24 joints showed marked effusion. A tendency for a higher amount of disk displacement and deformation was seen among young age groups and more degenerative changes in older age groups, but differences among groups were not significant when tested with chi-square analysis. Conclusion: Defined MR criteria that allow for comparative assessment are presented. According to these criteria, a large proportion of the patients referred for MR examination showed morphologic changes indicating TMJ pathology.
Knee cartilage quality assessed with dGEMRIC in rheumatoid arthritis patients before and after treatment with a TNF inhibitor
Authors: Tiderius Carl Johan , Sandin Joakim , Svensson Jonas , Dahlberg Leif E. , Jacobsson Lennart 
Published: October 2010

Background: TNF-α inhibitors are potent anti-inflammatory drugs that have revolutionized the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Delayed gadolinium-enhanced MRI of cartilage (dGEMRIC) is a non-invasive method to study cartilage quality, in particular the glycosaminoglycan (GAG) content. Purpose: To evaluate knee cartilage quality before and after treatment with a TNF-α inhibitor (infliximab) in patients with RA using dGEMRIC and to study clinical parameters and serum cartilage oligomeric protein (COMP) after the same treatment. Material and Methods: Seven patients with chronic RA received infusions of 3 mg/kg infliximab at weeks 0, 2, 6, 14, and 22. Clinical examination, serum COMP level, and dGEMRIC scans (1.5 T) were performed at baseline and after 7 months. The dGEMRIC index (ms), reflecting cartilage GAG content, was calculated using an inversion recovery sequence in the femoral weight-bearing cartilage. Seven years after treatment, charts were reviewed regarding joint replacement surgery (TKA). Results: Clinical parameters showed an improvement for all patients after the 7-month treatment period. Serum COMP decreased from 13±4.5 to 11±3.4 (µg, mean ± SD) µg/ml ( P<0.05). The dGEMRIC index was lower at follow-up than at baseline, 332±85 and 382±69 (ms, mean ± SD), respectively ( P<0.05), indicating loss of GAG. The two patients with the lowest dGEMRIC index had received a TKA 7 years after treatment. Conclusion: This longitudinal study indicates a substantial GAG loss from the knee cartilage matrix in patients with chronic RA. Treatment with infliximab does not seem to protect the cartilage from further deterioration despite improvements in clinical parameters and decreased serum COMP.
Inter-professional Education in the Acute-Care Setting: The Clinical Instructor's Point of View
Authors: Chau Jennifer , Denomme Jocelyn , Murray Judy , Cott Cheryl A. 
Published: October 2010

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to gain an understanding of the opportunities and challenges involved in providing clinical inter-professional education (IPE) to physical therapy (PT) students in the acute-care setting from the perspective of PT clinical instructors (CIs). Methods: Focus groups were conducted in four acute-care hospitals in Toronto. Participants were recruited using a purposive and convenience sampling approach in order to enhance our understanding of the perceptions of acute-care PT CIs. Eighteen full-time PT CIs with an average of 11 years in practice participated. A constant comparative process was employed to identify recurrent issues and themes within and between groups. Results: Three main themes emerged from the focus groups: (1) Clinical IPE happens when inter-professional collaboration (IPC) occurs; however, IPC differs according to setting, access to other professions, time, support, and structure. (2) IPE is a lifelong learning process that applies to both CIs and students. (3) Student preparedness is a prerequisite for clinical IPE. Conclusions: IPC is an integral part of clinical IPE that requires ongoing commitment and reflection by CIs to ensure that they are ready to instruct students who have some preparation in formal IPE. More knowledge about providing clinical IPE in a structured manner, through academic and health institutions, will allow CIs to become role models for future generations of PT students.
Le travail invisible des équipes de soutien et conseil en soins palliatifs au domicile
Authors: Mino Jean-Christophe , Lert France 
Published: October 2010

The invisible work of home palliative care support teams
Medical care of the dying patient is shaped by a specific model, the palliative care model. Born 30 years ago in Great Britain, this model has spread in the health care System across western countries. In France, its spread is mainly supported by small specialised teams gatthering physicians, nurses, psychologists, social workers who afford consultance, training, support to health care workers and lay carers. This paper presents a research based on monographs of three home palliative care support teams. This text emphasises the invisible work relying on a typology of activities, their context and objectives.
La double expérience des personnes atteintes d'une maladie neuromusculaire rétraction et extension
Authors: Winance Myriam 
Published: October 2010

The two-faced experience of people suffering from neuromuscular diseases: retraction and extension
Focusing on the experience of people suffering from neuromuscular diseases, the author shows that the disease and the use of technical aids to survive and to live are not only disrupting the self (biographical disruption), but also transforming the links which define the person, its body and its world. The disease produces a movement of retraction: the person' s body and world are simultaneously reduced. The adjustment, material and emotional, to the wheelchair produces a movement of extension. This analyses leads to the suspension of body's and person's boundaries. The adjustment is both opening and closing of the person.
Médecine gratuite ou santé pour tous ? Réflexions sur l'expérience algérienne
Authors: Guillermou Yves 
Published: October 2010

Free medical care or health for ail? Reflections about the Algerian experience
The problem of general access to medical care is a major problem till nowadays, especially in the Third World countries where financial obstacles tend to exclude large categories of population from the health care System. The Algerian experience of setting up a free of cost health care System deserves a heedful investigation, on condition of taking its context into account. This radical measure has been attended by a considerable endeavour in increasing the care supply and unifying the public health sector, contributing to a substantial improvement of the general health condition of the population. Nevertheless, this ambitious policy, excluding any real consult with the users, will face contradictions that will be sharpened by the economic and political crisis, calling in question the whole System.
Renouveau managérial dans le contexte des réformes des services de santé : mirage ou réalité ?
Authors: Dubois Carl-Ardy 
Published: October 2010

Managerialism and reforms of health services: mirage or reality?
In using data drawn from two case studies targeting two Canadian provinces, this paper examines both discursive strategies and practices associated with the renewal of the management of public services. It looks to determine how both managerialist discourses and techniques have been integrated into reforms and to what extent they have altered or perpetuated the existing dynamics in terms of accountability and management. Our analysis suggests that, into the context of Canadian public services, antibureaucratic claims driven by the managerial ideology have translated into a bureaucratic persistence and a new technology of control associated with a strong focus on performance measurement and analytic tool.
Isolation and characterization of 50 nuclear microsatellite markers for Cathaya argyrophylla, a Chinese endemic conifer
Authors: Wang Zhao‐Shan , Sun Hai‐Qin , Wang Hong‐Wei , Ge Song 
Published: October 2010

• Premise of the study: Microsatellite primers were developed for the endangered Cathaya argyrophylla (Pinaceae) to investigate its genetic diversity and population genetic structure, as well as its evolutionary history.• Methods and Results: Fifty dinucleotide microsatellite loci were identified in two populations. The number of alleles per locus ranged from 1 to 6, with a mean of 2.84. The observed and expected heterozygosities ranged from 0 to 0.889 and from 0 to 0.779, respectively.• Conclusions: These markers will facilitate further studies on the population genetics and evolutionary history of Cathaya argyrophylla.
Inhibition of Matrix Metalloproteinase-3 and -13 Synthesis Induced by IL-1β in Chondrocytes from Mice Lacking Microsomal Prostaglandin E Synthase-1
Authors: Gosset Marjolaine , Pigenet Audrey , Salvat Colette , Berenbaum Francis , Jacques Claire 
Published: October 2010

AbstractJoint destruction in arthritis is in part due to the induction of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) expression and their inhibitors, especially MMP-13 and -3, which directly degrade the cartilage matrix. Although IL-1β is considered as the main catabolic factor involved in MMP-13 and -3 expression, the role of PGE2 remains controversial. The goal of this study was to determine the role of PGE2 on MMP synthesis in articular chondrocytes using mice lacking microsomal PGE synthase-1 (mPGES-1), which catalyses the rate-limiting step of PGE2 synthesis. MMP-3 and MMP-13 mRNA and protein expressions were assessed by real-time RT-PCR, immunoblotting, and ELISA in primary cultures of articular chondrocytes from mice with genetic deletion of mPGES-1. IL-1β–induced PGE2 synthesis was dramatically reduced in mPGES-1−/− and mPGES-1+/− compared with mPGES-1+/+ chondrocytes. A total of 10 ng/ml IL-1β increased MMP-3 and MMP-13 mRNA, protein expression, and release in mPGES-1+/+ chondrocytes in a time-dependent manner. IL-1β–induced MMP-3 and MMP-13 mRNA expression, protein expression, and release decreased in mPGES-1−/− and mPGES-1+/− chondrocytes compared with mPGES-1+/+ chondrocytes from 8 up to 24 h. Otherwise, MMP inhibition was partially reversed by addition of 10 ng/ml PGE2 in mPGES-1−/− chondrocytes. Finally, in mPGES-1−/− chondrocytes treated by forskolin, MMP-3 protein expression was significantly decreased compared with wild-type, suggesting that PGE2 regulates MMP-3 expression via a signaling pathway dependent on cAMP. These results demonstrate that PGE2 plays a key role in the induction of MMP-3 and MMP-13 in an inflammatory context. Therefore, mPGES-1 could be considered as a critical target to counteract cartilage degradation in arthritis.
Temporal Differences in the Dependency on Phosphoinositide-Dependent Kinase 1 Distinguish the Development of Invariant Vα14 NKT Cells and Conventional T Cells
Authors: Finlay David K. , Kelly April P. , Clarke Rosemary , Sinclair Linda V. , Deak Maria , Alessi Dario R. , Cantrell Doreen A. 
Published: October 2010

Abstract
This study uses two independent genetic strategies to explore the requirement for phosphoinositide-dependent kinase-1 (PDK1) in the development of mature T cell populations from CD4/CD8 double-positive thymocytes. The data show that CD4/CD8 double-positive thymocytes that do not express PDK1 or express a catalytically inactive PDK1 mutant fail to produce mature invariant Vα14 NKT cells but can differentiate to conventional CD4, CD8, or regulatory T cell subsets in the thymus. The PDK1 requirement for Vα14 NKT cell development reflects that these cells require the PDK1 substrate protein kinase B to meet the metabolic demands for proliferative expansion in response to IL-15 or AgR stimulation. There is also constitutive PDK1 signaling in conventional α/β T cells that is not required for lineage commitment of these cells but fine-tunes the expression of coreceptors and adhesion molecules. Also, although PDK1 is dispensable for thymic development of conventional α/β T cells, peripheral cells are reduced substantially. This reflects a PDK1 requirement for lymphopenia-induced proliferation, a process necessary for initial population of the peripheral T cell niche in neonatal mice. PDK1 is thus indispensable for T cell developmental programs, but the timing of the PDK1 requirement is unique to different T cell subpopulations.