bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diversity of Structures and Bonding in Alkali Metal Ureaphosphanes
Authors: Crabbe Michelle H. , Kennedy Alan R. , Weetman Catherine E. , Mulvey Robert E. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractWhile organoelement compounds of lithium, sodium and potassium have been much studied for decades and consequently have found forests of applications, those of the heavier alkali metals, rubidium and caesium would barely manage to fill a tree. However, recently the literature has seen some little growth spurts with these metals, hinting at a possible fertile future in areas such as homogeneous catalysis provided more work is put into their fundamental development. Here we report the synthesis and crystal structures of lithium, rubidium and caesium derivatives of the ureaphosphane Ph2PCH2CH2NHC(=O)NHPh, chosen because it offers O, N, P, and π‐coordination sites. Though one may expect such alkali metal compounds to be essentially similar, the caesium complex has novel features where Cs+ engages in a side‐on coordination to the C=O bond and in a weak bond to the P centre, both of which are absent in the Rb structure. Less surprisingly, the lithium derivative is tetrameric in contrast to the infinite networks of the rubidium and caesium structures. All alkali metal derivatives were made with deprotonating the ureaphosphane by a suitable base, including the sodium and potassium complexes though these two complexes could not be obtained in a crystalline form.
The influence of injection pressure and exhaust gas recirculation on a VCR engine fueled by microalgae biodiesel
Authors: Galande S. D. , Pangavhane D. R. , Deshmukh K. B. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBiodiesel has been chosen as a decent alternative to diesel in the context of establishing environmentally pleasant conditions and saving petroleum‐based resources for future generations. It is well‐established that biodiesel‐powered diesel engines may achieve outcomes equivalent to those of diesel engines. The current investigation was conducted to study the effect of injection pressure (190, 210, and 230 bar) and exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) (5%, 10%, and 15%) on a single‐cylinder variable compression ratio (VCR) diesel engine running using a B20 (20% MB + 80% PD) blend of microalgae biodiesel (MABD). This experiment was conducted in two stages. During the first stage of experimentation, the efficiency and emission characteristics of a diesel engine with a B20 blend of MABD at various fuel injection pressures and fresh air were investigated. During the second phase, fresh air was mixed with 5%, 10%, and 15% exhaust gases, and the experiment was conducted. It was discovered that increasing injection pressure to 230 bar provided considerable improvements. Brake thermal efficiency increased by 2.35%, brake‐specific fuel consumption decreased by 3.57% and pollutants such as carbon monoxide (CO), hydrocarbon, and smoke were reduced by more than 50% compared to conventional diesel. These reductions were similarly significant (over 22%) as compared to the B20 blend at lower injection pressure (210 bar). However, there was a slight trade‐off: nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions increased partially (3.14%), while exhaust gas temperature (EGT) increased by 1.72% at a higher pressure. The study then investigated the influence of EGR (5%, 10%, and 15%) at various injection pressures. The optimal value seems to be 10% EGR at 230 bar injection pressure. This combination substantially reduced NOx emissions (by over 41% compared to the normal B20 blend) and EGT (by more than 8%), while having no notable effect on other performance or emission variables. Overall, the results show that employing a B20 MABD blend with high injection pressure (230 bar) and moderate EGR (10%) improves engine performance while reducing hazardous emissions.
Numerical study of the parameters of a fractional derivative blood flow model in the context of superdiffusive heat transfer
Authors: Ndjawa Yomi P. A. , Bansi Kamdem C. D. , Nguepjouo Tchoungang F. , Mohamadou A. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis paper explores the impact of temperature on the fractionalization of magnetic nanoparticles in blood, coupled with vibratory motion influenced by rotation. The distribution systems exhibit heightened diffusivity, explored numerically through the finite difference method and the algorithm. The temperature distribution robustly responds to elevated fractional parameters, indicating a critical threshold. The study achieves a comprehensive understanding of temperature and velocity evolution in different tube zones. In comparison, single‐walled carbon nanotubes surpass multiple‐walled carbon nanotubes in distributions, while CuO nanoparticles demonstrate larger distributions at an average fractional‐order parameter of . In the observed growth region at and exhibit noteworthy temperature distributions, highlighting the fractional derivative's impact in highly diffusive models with nanoparticles. It is also noted that in this region, the temperature distribution tends to decrease for all the parameters and values examined, particularly at a low Reynolds number (). However, the introduction of nanoparticles accelerates the processes and distributions across the various observed zones. Furthermore, the accelerated behavior of each nanoparticle can be moderated based on its sphericity. By encompassing all facets of fractional order for controlled rotations, the study sheds light on the role of magnetized nanoparticles in blood dynamics, emphasizing the significance of a critical zone where certain physicochemical properties are disrupted, potentially leading to cellular disorders, and the fluidodynamic effects of vortex flow. This perspective is pivotal for addressing tissue lesions induced by vibrations, as seen in the case of coagulations, and for targeting carcinogenic areas using nanoelements.
Impact of variable viscosity, thermal conductivity, and Soret–Dufour effects on MHD radiative heat transfer in thin reactive liquid films past an unsteady permeable expandable sheet
Authors: Pal Dulal , Saha Prasenjit 
Published: May 2024

AbstractSignificance of magnetohydrodynamic effect on a viscous (temperature‐dependent) and chemically reactive thin fluid film flow past an unsteady permeable stretchable plate with Soret–Dufour effects, nonlinear thermal radiative, and suction under the action of a convective type of boundary condition is analyzed. The problem consists of nonlinear governing basic equations that are highly nonlinear due to the existence of nonlinear thermal radiative terms in the energy equation. Analytical solutions are challenging to achieve for such types of problems, so a numerical scheme adopts the numerical solution. Computed solutions indicate that decreasing the Dufour number (and simultaneously increasing the Soret number) enhances heat flux, whereas the reverse trend is estimated for the concentration gradient field. The influence of magnetization indicates a decrement in the thin liquid film velocity distribution, whereas an increment is observed in temperature and solutal gradient profiles. Further, an enhancement in thermoradiative values focuses on decreasing the heat flux profiles, whereas a decreasing trend is determined in the solutal gradient by incrementing the Schmidt number. The variations of the velocity field, temperature, and concentration gradients are shown for the unsteady parameter lying in the range [0.8, 1.4]. Similarly, the range of different parameters utilized are [0.0, 1.0], [0.0, 2.0], [0.8, 1.5], [0.5, 2.0], [0.0, 1.0], [0.2, 3.0], [1.0, 2.0], [0.0, 3.0], [0.4, 1.0], and [0.4, 1.0]. The novelty of the present study lies in its analysis of complex fluid dynamics phenomena and their implications for various industrial processes and engineering applications, including coating processes, heat exchangers, microfluidics, and biomedical engineering. The insights gained from the study can contribute to developing more efficient and innovative research in these areas. Further, we have compared the present results with those available in the literature under some special cases and found them to be in excellent agreement.
Synergistic adsorption and catalytic effects of Ti3C2Tx/CoO/MoO3 composite on lithium polysulfides for high‐performance lithium–sulfur batteries
Authors: Fan Bin , Chen Weikun , Li Kaining , Wei Qingya , He Qian , Liu Wei , Zhou Bigui , Yuan Jun , Zou Yingping 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe shuttle effect of lithium polysulfides (LiPSs) and their sluggish kinetic processes lead to rapid capacity fading and poor cycling stability in lithium–sulfur (Li–S) batteries, limiting their commercial viability. This study proposes a functionalized separator with adsorption and synergistic catalysis ability for Li–S batteries. The modified separator comprises Ti3C2Tx sheets, CoO, and MoO3. Experimental and theoretical calculations demonstrate that Ti3C2Tx/CoO/MoO3 composite not only effectively inhibits the shuttle effect of LiPSs, ensuring efficient utilization of active materials, but also enhances reversibility and reaction kinetics among LiPSs. The full exposure of active sites in the Ti3C2Tx/CoO/MoO3 composite and the synergistic action of different catalysts enable efficient capture and conversion of LiPSs molecules at the material surface. Besides, the lithium–sulfur batteries with Ti3C2Tx/CoO/MoO3@PP separator exhibited only a 0.042% capacity decay per cycle at 0.5 C (800 cycles). Moreover, a high areal capacity of 6.85 mAh cm−2 was achieved at high sulfur loading (7.9 mg cm−2) and low electrolyte‐to‐sulfur ratio (10 μL mg−1).
Exposure to Macrolides During Pregnancy and the Risk for Spontaneous Abortions: A Population‐Based Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Hegger Shani , Levy Amalia , Koren Gideon , Lunenfeld Eitan , Daniel Sharon 
Published: May 2024

AbstractPrevious studies evaluating the risk of spontaneous abortions following exposure to macrolides reported controversial results. The goal of the current study was to examine the risk for spontaneous abortions following exposure to macrolides during pregnancy.We conducted a population‐based retrospective cohort study by linking three computerized databases: Clalit Health Services drug dispensation database, Soroka Medical Center (SMC) birth database, and SMC hospitalizations database. Multivariate time‐varying Cox regressions were performed and adjusted for suspected confounders and known risk factors for spontaneous abortions. Hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated. A secondary analysis was performed to assess the association between exposure to macrolides in terms of the defined daily dose dispensed and spontaneous abortions.The study cohort included 65,457 pregnancies that ended at Soroka Medical Center between 2004 and 2009, of which 6508 (9.9%) resulted in a spontaneous abortion. A total of 825 (1.26%) pregnancies were exposed to macrolides during the exposure period. Exposure to macrolides was not associated with spontaneous abortions as a group (adjusted HR 1.00 95% CI 0.77‐1.31) or as specific medications. There was no evidence of a dose‐response relationship between exposure to macrolides and spontaneous abortions.In conclusion, this population‐based retrospective cohort study did not detect an increased risk for spontaneous abortion following exposure to macrolides during the first trimester of pregnancy.
Identification of DPP‐IV inhibitory peptides derived from buffalo colostrum: Mining through bioinformatics, in silico and in vitro approaches
Authors: Ashok Arpitha , H. S. Aparna 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBioactive peptides derived from foods provide physiological health benefits beyond nutrition. This study focused on profiling small peptide inhibitors against two key serine proteases, dipeptidyl peptidase‐IV (DPP‐IV) and prolyl oligopeptidase (POP). DPP‐IV is a well‐known protein involved in diverse pathways regulating inflammation, renal, cardiovascular physiology, and glucose homeostasis. POP is yet another key target protein for neurodegenerative disorders. The study evaluated peptide libraries of buffalo colostrum whey and fat globule membrane proteins derived from pepsin and pepsin–pancreatin digestion through in silico web tools and structure‐based analysis by molecular docking and binding free‐energy estimation, followed by in vitro assay for DPP‐IV inhibition for the lead peptides. The bioinformatic study indicated 49 peptides presented motifs with DPP‐IV inhibition while 5 peptides with sequences for POP inhibition. In the molecular docking interactions study, 22 peptides interacted with active site residues of DPP‐IV and 3 peptides with that of POP. The synthesized peptides, SFVSEVPEL and LTFQHNF inhibited DPP‐IV in vitro with an IC50 of 193.5 μM and 1.782 mM, respectively. The study revealed the key residues for inhibition of DPP‐IV and POP thus affirming the DPP‐IV inhibitory potential of milk‐derived peptides.
Can caloric restriction improve outcomes of elective surgeries?
Authors: Caron Jesse Pittard , Ernyey Helen , Rosenthal Martin D. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractEnergy restriction (ER) is a nutrition method to reduce the amount of energy intake while maintaining adequate nutrition. In clinical medicine, applications of ER have been implicated in longevity, mortality, metabolic, immune, and psychological health. However, there are limited studies showing the clinical benefit of ER within the immediate surgical setting. A specific, clinically oriented summary of the potential applications of ER is needed to optimize surgery outcomes for patients. The purpose of this article is to examine how ER can be used for perioperative optimization to improve outcomes for the patient and surgeon. It will also explore how these outcomes can feasibly fit in with enhanced recovery after surgery protocols and can be used as a method for nutrition optimization in surgery. Despite evidence of caloric restriction improving outcomes in critically ill surgical patients, there is not enough evidence to conclude that ER, perioperatively across noncritically ill cohorts, improves postoperative morbidity and mortality in elective surgeries. Nevertheless, a contemporary account of how ER techniques may have a significant role in reducing risk factors of adverse surgical outcomes in this cohort, for example, by encouraging preoperative weight loss contributing to decreased operating times, is reviewed.
Foliar applications of a Malvaceae‐derived protein hydrolysate and its fractions differentially modulate yield and functional traits of tomato under optimal and suboptimal nitrogen application
Authors: Cardarelli Mariateresa , Ceccarelli Angela Valentina , El Nakhel Christophe , Rouphael Youssef , Salehi Hajar , Ganugi Paola , Zhang Leilei , Luigi Lucini , Pii Youry , Choi Seunghyun , Kim Hye‐Ji , Colla Giuseppe 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDProtein hydrolysates (PHs) can enhance plant nitrogen nutrition and improve the quality of vegetables, depending on their bioactive compounds. A tomato greenhouse experiment was conducted under both optimal (14 mM) and suboptimal (2 mM) nitrogen (N‐NO3) conditions. Tomatoes were treated with a new Malvaceae‐derived PH (MDPH) and its molecular fractions (MDPH1, >10 kDa; MDPH2, 1–10 kDa and MDPH3, <1 kDa).RESULTSUnder optimal N conditions, the plants increased biomass and fruit yield, and showed a higher photosynthetic pigment content in leaves in comparison with suboptimal N, whereas under N‐limiting conditions, an increase in dry matter, soluble solid content (SSC) and lycopene, a reduction in firmness, and changes in organic acid and phenolic compounds were observed. With 14 mM N‐NO3, MDPH3 stimulated an increase in dry weight and increased yield components and lycopene in the fruit. The MDPH2 fraction also resulted in increased lycopene accumulation in fruit under 14 mM N‐NO3. At a low N level, the PH fractions showed distinct effects compared with the whole MDPH and the control, with an increase in biomass for MDPH1 and MDPH2 and a higher pigment content for MDPH3. Regardless of N availability, all the fractions affected fruit quality by increasing SSC, whereas MDPH2 and MDPH3 modified organic acid content and showed a higher concentration of flavonols, lignans, and stilbenes.CONCLUSIONThe molecular weight of the peptides modifies the effect of PHs on plant performance, with different behavior depending on the level of N fertilization, confirming the effectiveness of fractioning processes. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
Corneal thickness and endothelial change after use of ocular hypotensive agents
Authors: Lai Hung‐Yin , Lai Hung‐Chi , Kuo Ming‐Tse , Tsai Yi‐Yu , Lai Ing‐Chou 
Published: May 2024

AbstractCorneal transplantation can restore visual function when visual impairment is caused by a corneal disease. However, this treatment is associated with the scarcity of cornea donors. The suitability of corneal donation from patients with glaucoma using ocular hypotensive agents (OHAs) is controversial. This study aimed to elucidate changes in corneal thickness, corneal endothelial cell density, and corneal endothelial cell hexagonality after OHA use in patients with primary open‐angle glaucoma. We retrospectively reviewed the data of 53 glaucoma suspect eyes without OHA use and 106 primary open‐angle glaucoma eyes under OHA use. All participants underwent corneal parameter assessment using SP‐3000P (Topcon Corp., Tokyo, Japan) at the time of diagnosis and the final visit. The OHA dose and timing of use were recorded. The ocular hypotensive agents score (OHAS) was determined based on the number, formula, frequency, and duration of OHA use. Baseline data showed no significant differences between the two groups with and without OHA use. At the final visit, the OHA‐treated group showed significantly lower corneal thickness and corneal endothelial cell density than those of the control group. A weak positive correlation between the OHAS and changes in corneal endothelial cell hexagonality was noted. However, no correlation was observed between the OHAS and changes in corneal thickness or endothelial cell density. In conclusion, patients with glaucoma and using OHAs should undergo the corneal structural properties examinations before donation to ensure the quality of donor cornea.
Revealing potential Rab proteins participate in regulation of secretory autophagy machinery
Authors: Lin Pei‐Wen , Chu Man‐Ling , Liu Yu‐Wen , Chen Yu‐Cing , Shih Yao‐Hsiang , Lan Sheng‐Hui , Wu Shang‐Ying , Kuo I‐Ying , Chang Hong‐Yi , Liu Hsiao‐Sheng , Lee Ying‐Ray 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAutophagy can be classified as degradative and secretory based on distinct functions. The small GTPase proteins Rab8a and Rab37 are responsible for secretory autophagy‐mediated exocytosis of IL‐1β, insulin, and TIMP1 (tissue inhibitor of 54 metalloproteinase 1). Other Rab family members participating in secretory autophagy are poorly understood. Herein, we identified 26 overlapped Rab proteins in purified autophagosomes of mouse pancreatic β‐cell “Min‐6” and human lung cancer cell “CL1‐5‐Q89L” with high secretory autophagy tendency by LC–MS/MS proteomics analysis. Six Rab proteins (Rab8a, Rab11b, Rab27a, Rab35, Rab37, and Rab7a) were detected in autophagosomes of four cell lines, associating them with autophagy‐related vesicle trafficking. We used CL1‐5‐Q89L cell line model to evaluate the levels of Rab proteins colocalization with autophagy LC3 proteins and presence in purified autophagosomes. We found five Rab proteins (Rab8a, Rab11b, Rab27a, Rab35, and Rab37) are highly expressed in the autophagosome compared to the normal control by immunoblotting under active secretion conditions. However, only Rab8a, Rab35, and Rab37 showing high colocalization with LC3 protein by cofocal microscopy. Despite the discrepancy between the image and immunoblotting analysis, our data sustains the speculation that Rab8a, Rab11b, Rab27a, Rab35, and Rab37 are possibly associated with the secretory autophagy machinery. In contrast, Rab7a shows low colocalization with LC3 puncta and low level in the autophagosome, suggesting it regulates different vesicle trafficking machineries. Our findings open a new direction toward exploring the role of Rab proteins in secretory autophagy‐related cargo exocytosis and identifying the cargoes and effectors regulated by specific Rab proteins.
Investigation of the Position and Angle of the Vocal Fold Projected onto the Thyroid Cartilage
Authors: Matsushima Koji 
Published: May 2024

ObjectiveTo perform laryngeal framework surgery for unilateral vocal fold paralysis and obtain favorable voice improvement, it is necessary to accurately determine the vocal fold and arytenoid cartilage positions. Thus, the position and angle of the paralyzed vocal folds and arytenoid cartilage projected onto the affected thyroid plate were measured using computed tomography (CT) before and after surgery.MethodsForty‐six male patients with thyroid cartilage ossification observed on preoperative CT and vocal fold paralysis were included. Using Adobe Illustrator®, the thyroid plate on the affected side was reconstructed from the continuous images of the sagittal section of the CT examination during participant's quiet breathing (reconstructed affected thyroid plate [RATP]).ResultsThe anterior commissure mean position was slightly cranial to the midpoint of the thyroid cartilage midline. The paralyzed vocal fold angle was not parallel to the baseline. The average unaffected vocal fold angle during vocalization projected onto the affected thyroid plate was 13.83°, which differed significantly from the average paralyzed vocal fold angle before surgery (19.05°). However, no significant difference was observed in comparison with the average angle of the paralyzed vocal fold after arytenoid adduction. The average distance from the inferior notch of the affected side thyroid cartilage to the affected arytenoid cartilage was 16.7 mm.ConclusionBy understanding the positional relationship between the thyroid cartilage plate and internal structure from preoperative CT images, more effective surgery can be performed according to individual differences.Level of EvidenceIV Laryngoscope, 134:4088–4094, 2024
Voice Disorders and Hearing Loss May Be Additive Risk Factors for Depression in a National Cohort
Authors: Rameau Anaïs , Tucker Lauren H. , Denham Michael W. , Kang Yung Jee , Choi Nayeon , Lachs Mark , Rosen Tony Ehren , Stewart Michael , Czaja Sara , Golub Justin S. 
Published: May 2024

ObjectivesHearing loss (HL) (receptive communication impairment) is a known risk factor for depression. However, dysphonia (expressive communication impairment), has received little study. We study HL, self‐reported voice disorder, and combined impairment as risk factors for depression in a large national cohort.MethodsThis was a cross‐sectional epidemiologic study. Data were analyzed from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) cycles 2008–2012 and 2019–2020. KNHANES uniquely contains both audiometry and voice disorder data. HL (yes/no) was defined as ≥25 dB pure tone average. Voice disorder (yes/no) was defined by self‐report. Depression (yes/no) was defined by physician diagnosis. Odds ratios for depression were calculated using multivariable logistic regressions with HL and voice disorder.Results8,524 individuals aged 19 to 80 years old had complete data. The mean age was 57.3 years (SD = 13.4) and 64% were women. All regressions were controlled for age and sex. Those with HL, versus those without, had 1.27 times the odds (95% CI = 1.07–1.52, p = 0.007) of depression. Those with self‐reported voice disorder, versus those without, had 1.48 times the odds (1.22–1.78, p < 0.001) of depression. Those with HL and self‐reported voice disorder, versus those with neither, had 1.79 times the odds (1.27–2.48, p < 0.001) of depression.ConclusionsThis study demonstrates independent relationships between HL and depression and self‐reported voice disorder and depression. Combined HL and self‐reported voice disorder had nearly 1.8 times the odds of depression. This is likely due to the grossly additive effect of difficulty with incoming and outgoing communication streams.Level of EvidenceII Laryngoscope, 134:4060–4065, 2024