bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
G protein‐coupled receptors participate in cytokinesis
Authors: Zhang Xin , Bedigian Anne V. , Wang Wenchao , Eggert Ulrike S. 
Published: August 2012

AbstractCytokinesis, the last step during cell division, is a highly coordinated process that involves the relay of signals from both the outside and inside of the cell. We have a basic understanding of how cells regulate internal events, but how cells respond to extracellular cues is less explored. In a systematic RNAi screen of G protein‐coupled receptors (GPCRs) and their effectors, we found that some GPCRs are involved in cytokinesis. RNAi knockdown of these GPCRs caused increased binucleated cell formation, and live cell imaging showed that most formed midbodies but failed at the abscission stage. OR2A4 (olfactory receptor, family 2, subfamily A, member 4) localized to cytokinetic structures in cells and its knockdown caused cytokinesis failure at an earlier stage, likely due to effects on the actin cytoskeleton. Identifying the downstream components that transmit GPCR signals during cytokinesis will be the next step and we show that GIPC1 (GIPC PDZ domain containing family, member 1), an adaptor protein for GPCRs, may play a part. RNAi knockdown of GIPC1 significantly increased binucleated cell formation. Understanding the molecular details of GPCRs and their interaction proteins in cytokinesis regulation will give us important clues about GPCRs signaling as well as how cells communicate with their environment during division. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc
Cytokinesis inDrosophila melanogaster
Authors: Cabernard Clemens 
Published: August 2012

AbstractCytokinesis is the process that physically separates two sibling cells, ensuring the proper partitioning of the nuclear and cytoplasmic contents at the end of cell division. Cytokinesis requires a fine‐tuned molecular machinery that has to be assembled with high spatiotemporal precision.Drosophila melanogasteris an ideal model system to investigate this cellular process. Genetic screens performed in spermatocytes, neuroblasts, and Schneider cells revealed numerous evolutionary conserved components. These genetically amenable systems have proven to be very useful to further elucidate the cellular and molecular mechanism of cytokinesis, significantly contributing to our current understanding of this important cellular process. As in other organisms, cytokinesis is largely dependent on the mitotic spindle, providing positional cues for cleavage furrow placement and progression. However, spindle‐independent mechanisms could also be important during special cases of cytokinesis, such as asymmetric cell division. Thus, powerful fly genetics combined with single‐cell analysis, live imaging, and biochemical assays will continue to provide important insights into the mechanism of cytokinesis. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc
Curcumin Analogues with Potent and Selective Anti‐proliferative Activity on Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia: Involvement of Accumulated Misfolded Nuclear Receptor Co‐repressor (N‐CoR) Protein as a Basis for Selective Activity
Authors: Tan Kheng‐Lin , Koh Siang‐Boon , Ee Rachel Pui‐Lai , Khan Matiullah , Go Mei‐Lin 
Published: August 2012

AbstractCurcumin arrests the proliferation of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) cells by stabilizing the misfolded nuclear receptor co‐repressor (N‐CoR) protein, thereby sensitizing APL cells to apoptosis induced by the unfolded protein response. This phenomenon was attributed to inhibition of the proteasomal and protease‐induced breakdown of misfolded N‐CoR by curcumin. Curcumin is, however, a modest inhibitor and affected the viability of APL cells at micromolar concentrations. Modifying curcumin at its conjugated β‐diketone linker and terminal phenyl rings yielded potent congeners with sub‐micromolar growth inhibitory activities which selectively kill APL cells over non‐APL leukemic and nonmalignant cells. Analogues with pronounced APL‐selective anti‐proliferative activities, as observed in representative dibenzylidenecyclohexanones and dibenzylidenecyclopentanones, strongly promoted the accumulation of misfolded and nonfunctional N‐CoR at significantly lower concentrations than their growth inhibitory IC50 values. These compounds also inhibited the human 20S proteasome in an enzyme‐based assay, thus providing convincing support for the prevailing hypothesis that impeding the degradation of N‐CoR is a key mechanistic event contributing to APL cell death.
Quenched Free Energy and Large Deviations for Random Walks in Random Potentials
Authors: Rassoul‐Agha Firas , Seppäläinen Timo , Yilmaz Atilla 
Published: August 2012

AbstractWe study quenched distributions on random walks in a random potential on integer lattices of arbitrary dimension and with an arbitrary finite set of admissible steps. The potential can be unbounded and can depend on a few steps of the walk. Directed, undirected, and stretched polymers, as well as random walk in random environment, are covered. The restriction needed is on the moment of the potential, in relation to the degree of mixing of the ergodic environment. We derive two variational formulas for the limiting quenched free energy and prove a process‐level quenched large deviation principle (LDP) for the empirical measure. As a corollary we obtain LDPs for types of random walks in random environments not covered by earlier results. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Enhancing the Reaction Rates of Morita–Baylis–Hillman Reaction in Heterocyclic Aldehydes by Substitutions
Authors: Kunnikuruvan Sooraj , Batra Sanjay , Nair Nisanth N. 
Published: August 2012

AbstractThe molecular origin of the experimentally observed pronounced difference in the rates of Morita–Baylis–Hillman (MBH) reaction in heterocyclic aldehydes, depending on the position of the formyl group, is investigated herein by using DFT‐based mechanistic studies and free energy computations. These calculations are based on the 1,4‐diazobicyclo[2.2.2]octane (DABCO)‐catalyzed MBH reaction of methyl acrylate with substituted 4‐ and 5‐isoxazolecarbaldehyde, which are slow‐ and fast‐reacting substrates, respectively. As a result of this study, we propose that by tailoring ring substitutions the reactivity of the formyl group for MBH reactions may be enhanced in slow‐reacting heterocyclic aldehydes. This proposition is demonstrated by enhancing the rate of the MBH reaction in 4‐isoxazolecarbaldehyde more than 104‐fold by installing an ester substitution at the C‐3 position. Similarly, the reactivity of the formyl group towards the MBH reaction in substituted 3‐pyrazolecarbaldehyde and pyridinecarbaldehyde is shown to be increased several‐fold by a halo substitution. We also confirm that the reasons for different reactivities of heterocyclic aldehydes and the proposed scheme for improving the reaction rates remains valid for all the three mechanisms proposed for the MBH reaction, namely, Hill–Isaacs, McQuade, and Aggarwal.
Synthesis and Characterization of a (μ‐η2:η2‐Peroxido)dicopper(II) Complex with N,N′,N″‐Triisopropyl‐cis,cis‐1,3,5‐triaminocyclohexane (R3TACH, R = iPr): Selective Preparation of (μ‐η2:η2‐Peroxido)dicopper(II) and Bis(μ‐oxido)dicopper(III) Species Regulated by Substituent Groups
Authors: Matsumoto Jun , Kajita Yuji , Masuda Hideki 
Published: August 2012

AbstractThe new CuI complex of N,N′,N″‐triisopropyl‐cis,cis‐1,3,5‐triaminocyclohexane (iPr3TACH), [Cu(iPr3TACH)(MeCN)](X), immediately reacts with dioxygen at –80 °C to give a (μ‐η2:η2‐peroxido)dicopper(II) complex. This observation is significantly different from the previously reported cases of bis(μ‐oxido)dicopper(III) complexes that were generated by the reaction of copper(I) complexes of other TACH ligands (Et3TACH, iBu3TACH, and Bn3TACH) with dioxygen under the same reaction conditions. Such selective preparations have been explained in terms of the structural specificity provided by the TACH ligands that surround the metal centers. The obtained (μ‐η2:η2‐peroxido)dicopper(II) complex exhibits ortho‐hydroxylation of a phenolate to ortho‐quinone with ca. 50 % yield based on the peroxido intermediate. The bis(μ‐oxido)dicopper(III) complexes with other TACH derivatives are not capable of oxygenation of phenolate. The (μ‐η2:η2‐peroxido)dicopper core is discussed in the context of the reaction mechanism of tyrosinase.
PdII‐Catalyzed Conjugate Addition of Boronic Acids to Ketoglutaconic Esters toward the Synthesis of Functionalized Pyridazin‐3(2H)‐ones with Neuroprotective Activity
Authors: Roscales Silvia , Ortega Andrea , Martín‐Aragón Sagrario , Bermejo‐Bescós Paloma , Csákÿ Aurelio G. 
Published: August 2012

AbstractThe development of the regioselective conjugate addition of boronic acids to ketoglutaconic esters under transition metal catalysis is reported. Among the different catalysts tested for this transformation, the dicationic PdII catalysts generated with Pd(OCOCF3)2, dppben, and HBF4 performed best in terms of yields, regioselectivities and avoidance of Heck‐type by‐products. The resulting 4‐aryl‐2‐oxopentadienoates were transformed into pyridazin‐3(2H)‐ones, potentially useful for the therapy of neurodegenerative diseases. These compounds simultaneously exhibited β‐secretase activity, inhibition of β‐amyloid (βA) aggregation, and disaggregation of pre‐formed βA fibrils, and also had a good scavenging profile for intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS).
Bismuth‐Coated Iridium Microwire Electrode for the Determination of Trace Metals by Anodic Stripping Voltammetry
Authors: Kyrisoglou Christos , Economou Anastasios , Efstathiou Constantinos E. 
Published: August 2012

AbstractThis work reports the utility of an iridium microwire plated in situ with a bismuth film for the simultaneous determination of Pb(II) and Cd(II) by square‐wave anodic stripping voltammetry (SWASV). The experimental variables (concentration of the bismuth plating solution, preconcentration potential, accumulation time) were investigated. The limit of detection was 1 µg L−1 for Pb(II) and 1.5 µg L−1 for Cd(II) (at 300 s of preconcentration) and the % relative standard deviations were lower than 4.9 % and 5.5 %, respectively, at the 20 µg L−1 level (n=8). In addition, a study was made of coating the iridium‐based bismuth‐film microsensor with a film of Nafion for operation in the presence of surfactants. Finally, the electrode was applied to the determination of Pb(II) and Cd(II) in wastewater and tapwater samples.
Multiwalled Carbon Nanotube‐CaCO3 Nanoparticle Composites for the Construction of a Tyrosinase‐Based Amperometric Dopamine Biosensor
Authors: Bujduveanu Magdalena‐Rodica , Yao Wenjuan , Le Goff Alan , Gorgy Karine , Shan Dan , Diao Guo‐Wang , Ungureanu Eleonora‐Mihaela , Cosnier Serge 
Published: August 2012

AbstractWe report the fabrication of a highly sensitive dopamine biosensor based on the entrapment of tyrosinase into CaCO3 nanoparticles at Multiwalled Carbon Nanotube (MWCNT) electrodes. CaCO3 acts as host matrix for tyrosinase and MWCNT provides a highly porous conductive network enhancing the enzyme immobilization and the electrochemical transduction of the enzyme reaction by boosting the amplification phenomenon involved in the biosensing of catechol and dopamine. The comparison of the performance of CaCO3‐tyrosinase electrodes with and without MWCNT film clearly indicates the improvement in sensitivity and maximum current brought by the combination of MWCNTs and inorganic nanomaterials. These nanostructured hybrid bioelectrodes exhibit a high sensitivity for the detection of catechol and dopamine, namely 35.7 A mol−1 L cm−2, the detection limit for dopamine being 15 nmol L−1 with no influence of the presence of interferents, i.e. uric acid and ascorbic acid.
A Nitrite Biosensor Based on the Direct Electron Transfer of Hemoglobin Immobilized on Carboxyl‐Functionalized Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes/Polyimide Composite
Authors: Kou Huanhuan , Jia Lingpu , Wang Chunming , Ye Weichun 
Published: August 2012

AbstractThe high electrically conductive carboxyl‐functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotubes (COOH‐MWCNTs) were used to combine with nonconducting polyimide (PI) to generate a PI/COOH‐MWCNTs membrane. PI served as a matrix to entrap COOH‐MWCNTs and hemoglobin (Hb). COOH‐MWCNTs can improve the conductivity of the composite. The direct electrochemistry measurement indicated that the PI/COOH‐MWCNTs composite enhanced the immobilization of Hb significantly. Besides, the Hb/PI/COOH‐MWCNTs/GCE biosensor possessed excellent electrocatalytic activity for the detection of nitrite. Therefore, PI is a good matrix for Hb immobilization and it has application in sensor construction. This work is promising in the development of sensitive biosensors based on PI/COOH‐MWCNTs composite film.
Preventing acute gut wall damage in infectious diarrhoeas with glycosylated dendrimers
Authors: Teo Ian , Toms Steve M. , Marteyn Benoit , Barata Teresa S. , Simpson Peter , Johnston Karen A. , Schnupf Pamela , Puhar Andrea , Bell Tracey , Tang Chris , Zloh Mire , Matthews Steve , Rendle Phillip M. , Sansonetti Philippe J. , Shaunak Sunil 
Published: August 2012

AbstractIntestinal pathogens use the host's excessive inflammatory cytokine response, designed to eliminate dangerous bacteria, to disrupt epithelial gut wall integrity and promote their tissue invasion. We sought to develop a non‐antibiotic‐based approach to prevent this injury. Molecular docking studies suggested that glycosylated dendrimers block the TLR4‐MD‐2‐LPS complex, and a 13.6 kDa polyamidoamine (PAMAM) dendrimer glucosamine (DG) reduced the induction of human monocyte interleukin (IL)‐6 by Gram‐negative bacteria. In a rabbit model of shigellosis, PAMAM‐DG prevented epithelial gut wall damage and intestinal villous destruction, reduced local IL‐6 and IL‐8 expression, and minimized bacterial invasion. Computational modelling studies identified a 3.3 kDa polypropyletherimine (PETIM)‐DG as the smallest likely bioactive molecule. In human monocytes, high purity PETIM‐DG potently inhibited Shigella Lipid A‐induced IL‐6 expression. In rabbits, PETIM‐DG prevented Shigella‐induced epithelial gut wall damage, reduced local IL‐6 and IL‐8 expression, and minimized bacterial invasion. There was no change in β‐defensin, IL‐10, interferon‐β, transforming growth factor‐β, CD3 or FoxP3 expression. Small and orally delivered DG could be useful for preventing gut wall tissue damage in a wide spectrum of infectious diarrhoeal diseases.–>See accompanying article http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/emmm.201201668
Numerical modelling of natural rock formations to estimate stability using the example of a sandstone massif in Saxony / Numerische Modellierung natürlicher Felskomplexe zur Abschätzung der Standsicherheit am Beispiel des Wehltumkomplexes in der Sächsischen Schweiz
Authors: Herbst Martin , Konietzky Heinz 
Published: August 2012

AbstractStatements about stability, weathering behaviour and possible rockfalls affecting a real rock massif were made possible by creating a 3D surface/volume model, using as example the “Großer Wehturm” rock massif, using the high‐resolution laser scanning process together with rock mechanical 3D model calculations. The emphasis of this paper is the mathematical modelling, particularly the generation of the 3D model from the surface point cloud and the simulation possibilities. The numerical calculations are based on the Discrete Element Method, considering the rock matrix and joint or bedding interfaces. The 3D modelling delivers, in addition to answers to questions about the extent and degree of deformations and movement mechanisms, knowledge relevant to the transfer of the procedure to other locations.Aussagen zu Standsicherheit, Verwitterungsverhalten und möglichen Felsstürzen an konkreten Felsmassiven wurden mittels der Erstellung und Auswertung eines 3D‐Oberflächen‐/Volumenmodells am Beispiel des Felsmassivs “Großer Wehturm” unter Nutzung des hochauflösenden Laserscansverfahrens mit kombinierter felsmechanischer 3D‐Modellberechnungen durchgeführt. Der Schwerpunkt dieser Veröffentlichung liegt auf der Numerik, insbesondere der 3D‐Modellgenerierung aus der Oberflächenpunktwolke und den Simulationsmöglichkeiten. Die numerischen Berechnungen basieren auf der dreidimensionalen Diskreten Elemente Methode unter Berücksichtigung der Gesteinsmatrix und Kluft‐ bzw. Schichtgrenzen. Die 3D‐Modellierung liefert neben Antworten auf Fragen zu Umfang und Ausmaß von Deformationen und Bewegungsmechanismen auch Erfahrungen bzgl. der Übertragung auf andere Standorte.
Dysphonia as an unusual debut of parsonage–Turner syndrome
Authors: Samarà Laura , Valls–Sole Josep , Caballero Miguel 
Published: August 2012

AbstractBackgroundParsonage–Turner syndrome is a rare and painful peripheral neuropathy that usually presents as brachial plexus neuritis and also has other nerve involvement.Methods and ResultsHerein, we report the case of a patient with right recurrent nerve palsy as the first clinically isolated manifestation of underlying Parsonage–Turner syndrome. Idiopathic dysphonia was the only symptom presenting during a week for a patient that later developed a more conventional neurological deficit in her right shoulder.ConclusionsThe case illustrates the need for a careful clinical‐neurologic examination beyond the larynx in patients presenting with idiopathic dysphonia. Parsonage–Turner syndrome should be considered as one of the rare causes in the differential diagnosis of isolated and otherwise unexplained dysphonia. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2013
Correlation between salivary interleukin‐6 levels and early locoregional recurrence in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma: Preliminary study
Authors: Sato Jun , Ohuchi Manabu , Abe Keigo , Satoh Takehiko , Abe Takahiro , Yamazaki Yutaka , Satoh Akira , Notani Ken‐ichi , Kitagawa Yoshimasa 
Published: August 2012

AbstractBackgroundWe have demonstrated that salivary interleukin‐6 (IL‐6) concentrations change during the treatment in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). We sought to elucidate the correlations between salivary IL‐6 concentration and early locoregional recurrence in OSCC.MethodsStimulated saliva was collected before and after surgery from 27 consecutive patients with OSCC. Recurrence‐free survival (RFS) curves were plotted using the Kaplan–Meier method.ResultsOf the 27 patients, 11 (41%) were diagnosed with locoregional recurrence within 24 months postsurgery. The median concentrations of IL‐6 presurgery and postsurgery were 2.8 pg/mL and 2.1 pg/mL, respectively. The median postsurgery concentration of IL‐6 was significantly higher in patients with than without locoregional recurrence (p = .02). Multivariate analysis revealed that postsurgery salivary IL‐6 concentration was an independent risk factor for locoregional recurrence (p = .03; risk ratio, 0.14).ConclusionsPosttreatment concentration of salivary IL‐6 may predict early locoregional recurrence in OSCC. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2012
Estrogen and the male hippocampus: Genetic variation in the aromatase gene predicting serum estrogen is associated with hippocampal gray matter volume in men
Authors: Bayer Janine , Rune Gabriele , Kutsche Kerstin , Schwarze Ulrike , Kalisch Raffael , Büchel Christian , Sommer Tobias 
Published: August 2012

AbstractThe neurosteroid 17‐beta estradiol (E2) plays an important role in neuronal plasticity, neurogenesis and neuroprotection of hippocampal neurons in slice cultures and the female brain. While some effects of E2 on hippocampal neurons observed in females were also seen in the male hippocampus, others seem to be specific to females. The current study aimed to further explore the effect of E2 on the male hippocampus by investigating the relationship between genetic variations in E2 synthesis and hippocampal gray matter (GM) volume. We chose a single nucleotide polymorphism (rs700158, SNP) in the gene CYP19A1 coding for the final enzyme (aromatase) in E2 synthesis. Men homozygous for the A allele of rs700518 have repeatedly been shown to have higher E2 serum levels than male carriers of the G allele. Two independent cohorts of healthy young men were genotyped for rs700518 and voxel‐based morphometry (VBM) was performed on structural magnetic resonance images to determine genotype dependent group differences. Men homozygous for the A allele of rs700518 had greater bilateral posterior hippocampal GM volumes in both cohorts. Thus, the genotype associated with higher E2 serum levels was also associated with greater hippocampal gray matter. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Use of antipsychotic medication and suicidality—the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966
Authors: Rissanen Ina , Jääskeläinen Erika , Isohanni Matti , Koponen Hannu , Joukamaa Matti , Alaräisänen Antti , Miettunen Jouko 
Published: August 2012

In addition to psychoses, antipsychotic drugs are nowadays also prescribed for other psychiatric disturbances, such as mood disorders. We wanted to find out whether there is any association between the use of antipsychotic drugs and suicidality in cases of psychotic and non‐psychotic disorders.Our sample was the population‐based Northern Finland 1966 Birth Cohort. Information on the use of prescribed drugs was collected in 1997 from the nationwide medication register and with a postal questionnaire (N = 8218). The presence of suicidal ideation was assessed cross‐sectionally using the Symptom Check List‐25 questionnaire. We studied associations between suicidal ideation, adjusted for symptoms of depression and anxiety, and antipsychotic medication in different diagnostic groups (schizophrenia, other psychosis and no psychosis).Individuals receiving antipsychotic medication (n = 70, 0.9%) had in general more suicidal ideation regardless of diagnostic group, although the associations diminished when taking other symptoms into account. There were no statistically significant differences between those taking typical and atypical antipsychotics. In the non‐psychotic group, higher antipsychotic doses were associated with more suicidal ideation even when adjusted for symptoms of depression and anxiety (p < 0.05). In the cases of schizophrenia or other forms of psychosis, no such associations were observed.Our results suggest that one should take suicidal ideation into account when prescribing antipsychotic medication, especially for off‐label use. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Local targets for immune therapy to cancer: Tumor draining lymph nodes and tumor microenvironment
Authors: Fransen Marieke F. , Arens Ramon , Melief Cornelis J.M. 
Published: August 2012

AbstractIn recent years, it has become apparent that immunoregulatory processes influence cancer development. The key players in tumor progression are mainly present in the microenvironment of the tumor and the draining lymph nodes. Interventions aimed at shifting tumor‐promoting actions toward effective tumor‐eradicating immunity are thus foremost required locally. As immune‐modulating therapy has been shown to cause many adverse side effects when administered systemically, we strongly advocate the further development of local treatment for cancer immunotherapy.