bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of Additional Cytogenetic Aberrations at Diagnosis on Prognosis of Adults Patients with Philadelphia Chromosome Positive Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Undergoing Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation：A Retrospective Analysis
Authors: zheng Jing , Zhao Yanmin , Luo Yi , Yu Jian , Lai Xiaoyu , Wang Jinuo , Ye Yishan , Liu Lizhen , Fu Huarui , Yang Luxin , Wu Yibo , sun Jie , zheng Weiyan , Song Hejing , Zhao Yi , Wu Wenjun , Cai Zhen , Wei Guoqing , Huang He , shi Jimin 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Additional chromosomal abnormalities(ACAs) at diagnosis are associated with inferior prognosis in chronic myelogenous leukemia. However, the prognostic significance of ACAs in adult patients with Philadelphia Chromosome Positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia (Ph + ALL) receiving TKI-targeted drugs and allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation(HSCT) is unknown. One hundred eighty-eight adult patients with Ph + ALL were retrospectively analysed, evaluating the effect of ACAs on outcomes of transplantation. One hundred thirty-six patients were included in the study. ACAs are observed in 60 cases (44%). The major-route ACAs are detected in more than 5% are as follows: +der(22), +der(9), + 8, -7 and complex karyotype. The median follow-up was 26.4 months. In the subgroup analyses of major route ACAs, three-year cumulative incidence of relapse (CIR) and progression-free survival(PFS) are statistically significant in + 8[66.7% vs.23.7%, P = 0.024; 77.8% vs. 23.7%, P = 0.0087], -7[53.8% vs. 23.7%, P = 0.035%; 61.5% vs. 32.9%, P = 0.033], and complex karyotypes[42.9% vs. 23.7%, P = 0.027; 47.6% vs. 23.7%] compared with isolated t(9;22). Additionally, the 3-year CIR for Ph + ALL with + der(22) is 44% vs. 23.7% for standard Ph + ALL(P = 0.045). The 3-year overall survival (OS) in the − 7 group is 46.5%, which is statistically significant compared with the other groups(P = 0.001). In multivariate analyses, three years CIR and PFS are statistically significant in + der(22), + 8, -7 and complex karyotype compared with standard Ph + ALL(P < 0.05). More importantly, Ph + ALL with − 7 was negatively associated with the rate of 3-year OS(P = 0.012). Partial ACAs at diagnosis appear to have a significant prognostic impact on transplantation outcomes in patients with Ph + ALL.
Application Value of Radiomics Features Based on PSMA PET/CT in Diagnosis of Clinically Significant Prostate Cancer: A Comparative Analysis of the PRIMARY and PI-RADS Scores
Authors: Geng Yujun , Zhang Ming , Li Shumei , Li Jingwen , Wang Xinzhi , Tian Junzhang , Ma Xiaofen 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Objectives: The aim of our study was to explore the role of radiomic features derived from positron emission tomography (PSMA-PET)/computed tomography (CT) images in diagnosis of clinically significant prostate cancer (csPCa). Additionally, we aimed to investigate correlations between these features and other PET/CT parameters. Finally, we compared these radiomic features with the PRIMARY and PI-RADS scores to assess their complementarity and enhance the diagnostic capabilities for prostate cancer.
Methods: A total of 110 patients with a certain pathological diagnosis were included, and a total of 1155 sets of radiomic features were extracted from these images for each patient. We employed the LASSO regression algorithm (Lasso) to select these features and collect MRI interpretation results (PI-RADS v2.1) via consensus reading for each patient. Two clinical physicians with more than three years of experience in nuclear medicine scored the medical images (PRIMARY) for all patients, and a consensus was reached. Finally, we compared diagnostic capabilities between radiomic features and indices/scores based on medical imaging (magnetic resonance (MRI) and positron emission tomography (PET/CT)).
Results:After the Lasso algorithm was applied, three sets of radiomic features, log-sigma-1-mm-3D_glcm_Correlation, log-sigma-3-mm-3D_firstorder_Minimum, and wavelet-LLH_glcm_Imc2, marked as RF1, RF2, and RF3, respectively, were included in the analysis. The area under the curve (AUC) for diagnosing csPCa was 0.8744 (95% CI=0.806-0.943), 0.8413 (95% CI=0.762-0.920), and 0.8602 (95% CI=0.625-0.841), with accuracies of 0.8364, 0.8273, and 0.8273, respectively. The kappa values with the maximum standard uptake value (SUVmax) were 0.757, 0.779, and 0.737; Gleason scores were 0.696, 0.688, and 0.668 of three radiomics features, respectively. The combined analysis of radiomic features(RF1) and MRI results yielded an accuracy of 0.8727, a recall of 0.8364, and a specificity of 0.9091.
Conclusion: Radiomic features based on PSMA PET/CT images correlate strongly with the SUVmax and pathological diagnostic results (Gleason score) of prostate cancer patients. These methods can compensate for the insufficient specificity of MRI for prostate cancer diagnosis but not for PET/CT.
Multiple potential phase-separation paths in multi-principal element alloys
Authors: Wu Xiao-Lei , Cao Peiyu , Liu Feng , Yuan Fu-Ping , Ma En 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

It is now well established that multi-principal element alloys (MPEAs) offer ample opportunities for exploring new compositions beyond those accessed previously by conventional alloys. However, there is one more realm of possibility presented by MPEAs that has not been touch upon thus far. Here we show that, different from conventional alloys based on a single host element, a given starting MPEA solid solution on its way towards equilibrium can take a rich variety of potential decomposition pathways via multi-stage phase separation, offering a wide range of composition destinations. If/when some of them are reached, assuming kinetically allowed, the multiple phase separation reactions one after another would lead to domains that are compositionally complex and spatially localized. This hypothetical scenario is demonstrated in this paper using a model that mimics Cr-Co-Ni MPEA, showing a preponderance of multiplicity even when assuming only fcc-based phases can form. The complex chemical heterogeneities created as such are expected to be an additional knob to turn for tuning spatially variable composition and chemical order and therefore mechanical properties. Our results thus advocate multiple phase separation possibilities with many potential paths and terminal chemical heterogeneities as yet another important characteristic that distinguishes MPEAs from conventional alloys.
Complications and outcome of Atypical Preeclampsia, and Eclampsia, at Al Saudi Hospital, Sudan.
Authors: Ahmed Manasik Abdaldeen Mohamed , Awad Mustafa Sabir Abakar , Abdelsadig Abdelmhmoud Atalmanan , Rahmtallah Ahmed 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background: Atypical presentation of preeclampsia and eclampsia refers to cases where symptoms may not follow the typical signs of high blood pressure and proteinuria rendering them difficult to diagnose leading to potential delays in treatment. Hence our aim was to study the atypical presentations of preeclampsia and eclampsia and their possible outcomes.
Methods: The study was a descriptive cross-sectional hospital-based study conducted from November 2022 to April 2023 at Al Saudi Hospital in Khartoum, Sudan. The study focused on pregnant women with atypical presentations of preeclampsia and eclampsia. A total of 57 participants were included using a total coverage approach. Data was collected using a pre-designed close-ended questionnaire and analyzed using SPSS software and results were presented in tables and figures.
Results: A total of 57 patients were included. The majority (78.9%) were between 20 and 35 years old, and most of them (80.7%) resided in urban areas. In terms of education, 56.1% had completed secondary education. In terms of clinical characteristics, 49.1% of the patients received regular antenatal care, and 29.8% had irregular care. Family history of preeclampsia or eclampsia was present in only 8.8% of the participants. All participants (100%) recovered after delivery, with no reported deaths. Maternal complications included abruptio placentae (29.8%). The majority of infants (96.5%) were born alive and well, with few reported cases of preterm birth or birth asphyxia. Cesarean section was the most common mode of delivery (80.7%).
Conclusion: The results of this study demonstrate positive maternal and fetal outcomes in the management of atypical preeclampsia and eclampsia cases at Al Saudi Hospital in Khartoum State, Sudan. The high rate of live births and low prevalence of preterm birth and birth asphyxia signify effective healthcare interventions. Further research addressing the risk factors, complications, and long-term consequences of atypical preeclampsia and eclampsia in the Sudanese population is warranted.
Protective efficacy of a recombinant adenovirus expressing novel dual F and HN proteins of bovine parainfluenza virus type 3
Authors: zhang jia qi , Zhu Chenxi , Den Gunan , A-jia Ake , Ma Yuan zhen , He Chun sai , Guo Rui , Lan lan , Zhang Bin 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Bovine parainfluenza virus type 3 (BPIV3) is a viral respiratory pathogen in cattle that cause significant economic losses. We generated a recombinant adenovirus expressing both the fusion (F) and hemagglutinin-neuraminidase (HN) glycoprotein of BPIV3 based on human adenovirus serotype 5 (rHAd5), named rHAd5-F + HN. Immunization with rHAd5-F + HN induced a notable humoral immune response specific to BPIV3 in both mice and calves. Serum antibodies responses were evaluated by ELISA, hemagglutination inhibition (HI), and neutralizing antibodies (Nab). After boosting immunity with rHAd5-F + HN, mice were able to produce higher levels of antibodies against the BPIV3 genotype A and genotype C strains, significantly exceeding those in the rHAd5-F and rHAd5-HN. The mice splenic CD3+/CD8+T lymphocytes and IL-4+ cytokine percentages were more significant in the rHAd5-F + HN group. The protective efficacy of rHAd5-F + HN was evaluated using a mouse model challenged with BPIV3. Mice immunized with rHAd5-F + HN exhibited significantly lower viral loads in the lungs and tracheas compared to the control group. Furthermore, no significant histopathological changes were observed in the lungs of mice vaccinated with rHAd5-F + HN. Also, the rHAd5-F + HN elicited a humoral immune response in calves, following the booster intramuscular injection with the rHAd5-F + HN, the serum antibodies levels against BPIV3 genotype C strain were 1:20,452, 1:1,024 and 1:426 in calves, as detected by ELISA, HI and Nab, respectively. The HI antibodies and Nab levels against BPIV3 genotype A strain were 1:213 and 1:85 in calves, respectively. These results indicated that rHAd5-F + HN effectively induced robust immunity against BPIV3 infection.
Spatial distribution and barriers to access to health care among women in Ghana
Authors: Dickson Kwamena Sekyi , Okyere Joshua , Ayebeng Castro , Ankomahene Bright , Boateng Ebenezer N.K. , Darteh Eugene Kufuor Maafo 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background: This study aims to assess the spatial distribution of barriers to healthcare access among Ghana women. Despite government efforts to reduce barriers such as cost and distance, a significant proportion of women still experience barriers in accessing healthcare. Understanding the spatial distribution is crucial for targeted interventions aimed at addressing the existing barriers that are likely to hinder Ghana from attaining SDG target 3.8.
Methods: The study used a cross-sectional study based on a sample of 20,620 women from the 2017 Ghana Maternal Health Survey. Spatial autocorrelation and hotspot assessment were conducted in the geospatial analysis to determine the spatial distribution of barriers to access to healthcare in Ghana. At the same time, bivariate and multivariate logistic regression models were used to estimate associated factors of barriers to accessing healthcare.
Results: This study assessed the spatial distribution of barriers to healthcare access among women in Ghana. Over half of women (55.4%) experienced at least one barrier. The Northern zone emerged as a hotspot, while the Southern zone had cold spots. Wealth, health insurance coverage, education, TV watching, being in a union, and parity were associated with barriers to healthcare access. Targeted policies should be designed to address the spatial disparities, improve healthcare infrastructure, promote education, enhance financial support, and empower women to overcome barriers to healthcare access in Ghana.
Conclusion: We conclude that over half of Ghanaian women encounter barriers in accessing healthcare, with Northern Ghana being a hotspot and Southern Ghana a cold spot. The Government of Ghana and health agencies should prioritise improving healthcare accessibility, particularly in Northern Ghana. Targeted interventions should focus on vulnerable sub-populations such as unmarried women, those with low education, individuals with poor wealth status, and those lacking health insurance coverage. Addressing these barriers will help reduce disparities and ensure equitable healthcare access for all women in Ghana.
Hot Dab Associated Pneumonitis - A Case Report
Authors: Dogra Ratika , Dogra Vallabh , Badyal Himani , Avasthi Salil 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background
Dabbing is recently getting popular in young adults. It is a new method of using the most active form of marijuana where large amount of concentrated tetrahydrocannabinol is inhaled. Tetrahydrocannabinol is associated with a feeling of ‘High’ which make the user feel joyous and relaxed. With increasing use of such technique, dabbing becomes an important differential for evaluation of acute respiratory failure with pneumonitis specially in adult population.
Case presentation
We present a case report of 51 years old Caucasian male who presented to hospital with chest pressure and shortness of breath. Patient was noted to be hypoxic desaturating down to 82-83% on nasal cannula oxygen. Imaging revealed concern for multifocal pneumonia. Patient required use of high flow oxygen. Patient was started on broad spectrum antibiotics and intravenous corticosteroids. Patient had gradual improvement in his symptoms and was able to come off oxygen completely. Patient was discharged home on prednisone taper.
Conclusions
Dabbing is a newer technique which has been gaining popularity for marijuana usage. With legalization of marijuana newer techniques are getting popular. Our case report emphasizes the importance of keeping dabbing as a differential when patient presents with respiratory failure and has concerns for pneumonitis. Patients might not reveal until specifically asked about their practices.
Causal association of immune cells and endometritis: a Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Li Jing-wei , Wan Ren-tao , Liu Qing-dong , Xu Hong-lin , Chen Qi 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background: Research exploring the link between immune cell profiles and the development of endometritis remains scant. This gap necessitates further study to decode the complex interrelations influencing this condition.
Methods: In this analysis, we leveraged two-sample Mendelian randomization to examine the causal ties between the phenotypes of immune cells and the incidence of endometritis. Our evaluation hinged on data from 3,757 participants hailing from Sardinia, focusing on a diverse array of 731 immune phenotypes, and cross-referenced with endometritis data sourced from the UK Biobank. To ensure rigor, we performed sensitivity analyses, utilized MR-Egger and MR-Presso to check for pleiotropy, and applied Cochran's Q test for assessing the heterogeneity of our findings.
Results: Our investigation identified numerous immune characteristics associated with endometritis. For certain immune traits, a lower risk of endometritis was observed, including: Absolute Counts of CD39+ CD4+ T cells, CD25+ CD39+ CD4 regulatory T cells, and CD25++ CD8+ T cells; Absolute Counts of Switched Memory B cells; CD19 expression on IgD+ CD38dim and Switched Memory B cells; CD20 expression on IgD+ CD38- Unswitched Memory B cells; percentage of Switched Memory B cells among lymphocytes; CD16-CD56 expression on HLA DR+ Natural Killer cells; percentage of CD11c+ CD62L- monocytes; CD86 expression on monocytes; CCR2 expression on CD14+ CD16+ monocytes; and CD14 expression on Monocytic Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells, with Odds Ratios (ORs) between 0.413 and 0.703. On the contrary, increased risks of endometritis were linked with: the percentage of Effector Memory CD4+ T cells within the CD4+ T cell population; percentages of HLA DR+ T cells and HLA DR+ CD8+ T cells among T cells; CD4 expression on CD28+ CD4+ T cells; CD20 expression on CD20- CD38- B cells; percentage of IgD+ CD24+ B cells within the B cell population; CD62L expression on CD62L+ myeloid Dendritic Cells; and Absolute Counts of Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells, with ORs from 1.473 to 2.677, indicating these traits potentially elevate the risk of developing endometritis.
Conclusion: Our research delineates distinct causal links between specific immune cell phenotypes and endometritis, offering groundbreaking perspectives that could contribute to the pinpointing of new therapeutic avenues for this condition.
Evaluating Diversity and Stereotypes Amongst Healthcare Providers Using Generative AI
Authors: Agrawal Anjali , Gupta Gauri , Agrawal Anushri , Gupta Himanshu 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Generative AI provides synthetic simulation of existing societal data. We hypothesized that Generative AI output may be used to evaluate diversity and stereotypes amongst healthcare providers. Dall-E 3, a text-to-image generator, was used to generate a total of 360 images based on pre-defined healthcare provider terms. Consensus scoring was performed to evaluate diversity parameters in images. Google Vision was used to generate image labels that were then categorized to analyze differences among race and sex cohorts. Sex and race diversity for various doctor and nurse terms was modest: 3.2 and 2.8, respectively, on a qualitative 5 point scale (where 5 represents equal diversity). These results are consistent with recently reported statistics, demonstrating that Generative AI reflects real-world data. We also identified stereotypes related to appearance, facial expressions, and clothing associated with sex and race. Our study, which is the first of its kind, provides a unique framework incorporating Generative AI and ML tools to quantify diversity and societal perceptions of healthcare providers. The proposed framework provides real-time intelligence on biases in the healthcare workforce.
Investigation and optimization of naringin-loaded in MOF-5 encapsulated by liponiosomes as smart drug delivery, cytotoxicity, and apoptotic on breast cancer cells
Authors: Elbeltagi Shehab , Alharbi Hanan M. , Aodah Alhassan H. , Eldin Zienab E. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Tumors are considered dangerous due to their significant global mortality rate, with breast cancer (BC) being a major contributor to this statistic, impacting almost all tumor patients worldwide. Conventional methods for BC treatment, such as special naringin (NG) chemotherapy based on nanotechnology components, have been insufficient, and a new approach has been used to improve drug delivery (DD) to cancer. Herein, developed biocompatible nanoparticles (NPs) comprising NG-loaded zinc metal-organic framework-5 (NG-MOF-5) encapsulated with liponiosomes (LNs) to create NG-MOF-5@LNs. Various biophysical characteristics of free NG, MOF-5, and NG-MOF-5@LNs NPs were studied, including XRD, FTIR, TEM, SEM, zeta potential (ZP), hydrodynamic size, PDI, loading efficiency (LE), encapsulation efficiency (EE), drug release (DR), and drug-release kinetics. TEM images showed that NG-MOF-5@LNs NPs consisted of monodispersed spherical-like particles with average diameters of 122.5 nm (*P < 0.05). The optimized NG-MOF-5@LNs exhibited a particle size (PDI: 139.8 nm) and a ZP (+ 21 mV). The EE and LE for NG-MOF-5@LNs were 89.15% and 14.05%, respectively. Four kinetic models were examined to understand the NG release mechanism at pH 6.9, with the Higuchi model indicating excellent fit (R2 = 0.9988). The MTT cell viability assay demonstrated anti-cancer activity against MCF-7 BC cells, with inhibitory concentrations (IC50) of 231.9, 188.2, and 21.6 µg/mL (*P < 0.05) for MOF-5, NG, and NG-MOF-5@LNs, respectively, indicating an apoptosis effect on MCF-7 cells. NG-MOF-5@LNs is expected to emerge as a novel long-term-release anticancer agent. NG-MOF-5@LNs may represent a superior option for BC therapy compared to conventional NG formulations.
A new RNN-based method of automatically pick out the coseismic groundwater-level change
Authors: Li Junyi , Li Yang , Ye Wujian , Zheng Yingcong , Yang Dongdong 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

The coseismic groundwater-level change in Odawara well which located in Kanagawa Prefacture, south Japan, has been recoded from 2011. The sampling rate of the groundwater level is 1Hz. In the long time observation, some ‘abnormal’ change has been checked by artificial. In these ‘abnormal’ groundwater level change, same can be related to earthquake waves as coseimic groundwarer level change. To pick out the coseismic groundwater level changes, We applied a new method based on Recurrent Neural Network(RNN) process to automatically pick out the coseismic groundwater-level change. In the RNN model, we applied a simple geomodel to relate the atmospheric pressure and groundwater level as a weight parameter in the neural network. We use a whole year of 1Hz sampling data to train the RNN model. As the result of the method, the accuracy of the all validation is 0.949, the accuracy of the seismic groundwater level events is 0.966 and the accuracy of the normal groundwater level is 0.971. This method show high accuracy to pick out the short-term secimic groundwater-level change which the change time is less than 45 minutes.