bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Speed effects of deep brain stimulation for Parkinson's disease
Authors: Klostermann Fabian , Wahl Michael , Marzinzik Frank , Vesper Jan , Sommer Werner , Curio Gabriel 
Published: October 2010

AbstractDeep brain stimulation (DBS) of the subthalamic nucleus (STN) accelerates reaction time (RT) in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD), particularly in tasks in which decisions on the response side have to be made. This might indicate that DBS speeds up both motor and nonmotor operations. Therefore, we studied the extent to which modifications of different processing streams could explain changes of RT under subthalamic DBS. Ten PD patients on‐DBS and off‐DBS and 10 healthy subjects performed a choice‐response task (CRT), requiring either right or left finger button presses. At the same time, EEG recordings were performed, so that RTs could be assessed together with lateralized readiness potentials (LRP), indicative of movement preparation. Additionally, an oddball task (OT) was run, in which right finger responses to target stimuli were recorded along with cognitive P300 responses. Generally, PD patients off‐DBS had longer RTs than controls. Subthalamic DBS accelerated RT only in CRT. This could largely be explained by analog shortenings of LRP. No DBS‐dependent changes were identified in OT, neither on the level of RT nor on the level of P300 latencies. It follows that RT accelerations under DBS of the STN are predominantly due to effects on the timing of motor instead of nonmotor processes. This starting point explains why DBS gains of response speed are low in tasks in which reactions are initiated from an advanced level of movement preparation (as in OT), and high whenever motor responses have to be raised from scratch (as in CRT). © 2010 Movement Disorder Society
Direct induction of CCK and GLP‐1 release from murine endocrine cells by intact dietary proteins
Authors: Geraedts Maartje C. P. , Troost Freddy J. , Fischer Marc A. J. G. , Edens Luppo , Saris Wim H. M. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractScope: Consumption of high‐protein diets cause elevated levels of CCK and GLP‐1. Although unknown, this might be due to protein breakdown by various proteases that originate from the gastrointestinal tract. This study investigated which dietary proteins, hydrolysates, or synthetic‐peptides are most potent to affect secretion of CCK and GLP‐1 in STC‐1 cells known for satiety hormone release.Methods and results: Addition of intact proteins to STC‐1 cells exerted strong effects on secretion of satiety hormones. Casein, whey, and pea showed strongest effects on CCK release, whereas casein, codfish, egg, and wheat showed most pronounced effects on GLP‐1 release. Egg‐hydrolysate stimulated release of CCK and GLP‐1, whereas all other tested hydrolysates and synthetic‐peptides showed no significant effects on hormone release. Addition of a combination of trypsin and casein‐hydrolysate, codfish, egg, egg‐hydrolysate, sodium‐casein, wheat‐hydrolysate, or wheat resulted in additional stimulation of CCK release, compared to only the protein. Addition of a combination of DPP‐IV and egg‐hydrolysate, ovomucoid, or sodium‐casein decreased GLP‐1 levels.Conclusion: This study showed that specific intact, or partially digested proteins, in contrast to protein‐hydrolysates and synthetic‐peptides, stimulated hormone release. We conclude that intact proteins exert strong effects on satiety hormone release, and may therefore provide potent dietary supplements for prevention or treatment of obesity.
Dietary L‐carnitine alters gene expression in skeletal muscle of piglets
Authors: Keller Janine , Ringseis Robert , Priebe Steffen , Guthke Reinhard , Kluge Holger , Eder Klaus 
Published: October 2010

AbstractScope: Carnitine improves protein accretion, muscle mass, and protein:fat accretion in piglets. The underlying mechanisms, however, are largely unknown.Methods and results: To gain insight into mechanisms through which carnitine exerts these effects, we fed piglets either a control or a carnitine‐supplemented diet, and analyzed the transcriptome in skeletal muscle. Carnitine concentrations in plasma and muscle were about four‐fold higher in the carnitine group when compared to the control group. Transcript profiling revealed 211 genes to be differentially expressed in muscle by carnitine supplementation. The identified genes were mainly involved in molecular processes such as cytoskeletal protein binding, insulin‐like growth factor (IGF) binding, transcription factor activity, and insulin receptor binding. Identified genes with the molecular function transcription factor activity encoded primarily transcription factors, most of which were down‐regulated by carnitine, including pro‐apoptotic transcription factors such as proto‐oncogene c‐fos, proto‐oncogene c‐jun and activating transcription factor 3. Furthermore, atrophy‐related genes such as atrogin‐1, MuRF1, and DRE1 were significantly down‐regulated by carnitine. IGF signalling and insulin signalling were identified as significantly up‐regulated regulatory pathways in the carnitine group.Conclusion: Carnitine may have beneficial effects on skeletal muscle mass through stimulating the anabolic IGF‐1 pathway and suppressing pro‐apoptotic and atrophy‐related genes, which are involved in apoptosis of muscle fibers and proteolysis of muscle proteins, respectively.
Coupling global methylation and gene expression profiles reveal key pathophysiological events in liver injury induced by a methyl‐deficient diet
Authors: Tryndyak Volodymyr P. , Han Tao , Muskhelishvili Levan , Fuscoe James C. , Ross Sharon A. , Beland Frederick A. , Pogribny Igor P. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractScope: A methyl‐deficient diet induces liver injury similar to human nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, one of the main risk factors for the development of hepatocellular carcinoma. Previous studies have demonstrated that this diet perturbs DNA methylation by causing a profound loss of global cytosine methylation, predominantly at heavily methylated repetitive sequences. However, whether methyl deficiency affects the methylation status of gene promoters has not been explored.Methods and results: Mouse gene expression and CpG island microarrays were used to characterize the gene expression and CpG island methylation profiles in the livers of C57BL/6J mice fed a methyl‐deficient diet. We detected 164 genes that were differentially expressed and exhibited an inverse relationship between the gene expression and the extent of CpG island methylation. Furthermore, these genes were associated with altered lipid and glucose metabolism, DNA damage and repair, apoptosis, the development of fibrosis, and liver tissue remodeling. Although there were both increased and decreased levels of CpG island methylation, the number of hypomethylated genes was substantially greater than the number of hypermethylated genes.Conclusion: The results this study demonstrate that pairing methylation profiles with gene expression profiles is a powerful approach to identify dysregulated high‐priority fundamental pathophysiological pathways associated with disease development.
Exploring solid lipid nanoparticles to enhance the oral bioavailability of curcumin
Authors: Kakkar Vandita , Singh Sukhjit , Singla Dinesh , Kaur Indu Pal 
Published: October 2010

AbstractScope: Curcumin, a molecule with pluripharmacological properties, was loaded into solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) with a view to improve its oral bioavailability (BA).Methods and results: Curcumin‐loaded solid lipid nanoparticles (C‐SLNs) with an average particle size of 134.6 nm and a total drug content of 92.33±1.63% was produced using a microemulsification technique. The particles were spherical in shape, with high drug entrapment of 81.92±2.91% at 10% drug loading. Thein vitrorelease was predominantly by diffusion phenomenon and was prolonged up to 7 days. No significant variation in particle size and curcumin content of C‐SLNs was observed, upon storage, over a period of 12 months at 5±3°C.In vivopharmacokinetics performed after oral administration of C‐SLNs (50, 25, 12.5 and 1 mg/kg dose) and (free) solubilized curcumin (C‐S; 50 mg/kg), using a validated LC‐MS/MS method in rat plasma revealed significant improvement (atp<0.05) in BA (39 times at 50 mg/kg; 155 times at 1 mg/kg; and, 59 and 32 times at 12.5 and 25 mg/kg, respectively) after administration of C‐SLNs at all the doses with respect to C‐S.Conclusions: Enhanced and reliable BA will help in establishing its therapeutic usefulness especially for neurodegenerative and cancerous disorders in humans.
Identification of estrogen‐responsive vitelline envelope protein fragments from rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) plasma using mass spectrometry
Authors: Salinas K. , Hemmer M.J. , Serrano J. , Higgins L. , Anderson L.B. , Benninghoff A.D. , Williams D.E. , Walker C. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractPlasma peptides previously associated with exposure of juvenile male rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) to the hormone 17β‐estradiol (E2) were identified using matrix‐assisted laser desorption ionization time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI‐TOF‐MS). Specifically, plasma peptides of interest were fractionated and subsequently identified via spectra obtained by MALDI QqTOF MS/MS and LC‐MALDI TOFTOF MS/MS analysis, de novo sequencing and database matching. The two peptide masses were identified as significant matches for fragments of the C‐terminal propeptides from rainbow trout vitelline envelope protein (VEP)α and VEPγ isoforms. Our findings document the presence of the C‐terminal propeptides from rainbow trout VEPα and VEPγ proteins in the bloodstream of juvenile male rainbow trout exposed to E2 via MALDI‐TOF‐MS detection. We provide three possible explanations for the presence of C‐terminal propeptides in the bloodstream, as well as compare previously obtained hepatic transcriptomic results with the plasma proteomic results obtained in the present study. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 77:963–970, 2010. Published 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Split‐acquisition real‐time CINE phase‐contrast MR flow measurements
Authors: Steeden Jennifer A. , Atkinson David , Taylor Andrew M. , Muthurangu Vivek 
Published: October 2010

AbstractThe temporal and spatial resolution of real‐time phase‐contrast magnetic resonance (PCMR) is restricted by the need to acquire two interleaved phase images. In this article, we propose a split‐acquisition real‐time CINE PCMR technique, where the acquisition of flow‐encoded and flow‐compensated data is divided into separate blocks. By comparing magnitude images, automatic matching of data in cardio‐respiratory space allows subtraction of background phase offsets. Thus, the data is acquired in real‐time but with phase correction originating from a different heart beat. This effectively doubles the frame rate, allowing either higher temporal or spatial resolution. Two split‐acquisition sequences were tested: one with high‐temporal resolution and one with high‐spatial resolution. Both sequences showed excellent agreement in stroke volumes in 20 adults when validated against cardiac‐gated PCMR and interleaved real‐time PCMR (cardiac gated: 95.2 ± 20.0 mL, interleaved real‐time: 96.2 ± 20.7 mL, high‐temporal resolution: 95.6 ± 20.1 mL, high‐spatial resolution: 95.5 ± 20.4 mL). In six children, the high‐spatial resolution sequence provided more accurate flow measurements than interleaved real‐time PCMR, when compared with cardiac‐gated PCMR (cardiac gated: 20.6 ± 7.6 mL, interleaved real‐time: 24.3 ± 9.2 mL, high‐spatial resolution: 20.8 ± 7.8 mL), due to the increased spatial resolution. The matching technique is shown to be accurate (truth: 94.6 ± 21.8, split‐acquisition: 95.0 ± 21.9 mL) and quantitative image quality (signal‐to‐noise ratio, velocity‐to‐noise ratio and edge sharpness) is acceptable. Magn Reson Med, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Quantitative 1H MR spectroscopic imaging of the prostate gland using LCModel and a dedicated basis‐set: Correlation with histologic findings
Authors: García‐Martín M. L. , Adrados M. , Ortega M. P. , Fernández González I. , López‐Larrubia P. , Viaño J. , García‐Segura J. M. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractProton magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging (1H‐MRSI) has been advocated as a valuable tool for prostate cancer diagnosis. However, a barrier to widespread clinical use of this technique is the lack of robust quantification methods that yield reproducible results in an institution‐independent manner. The main goal of this study was to develop a standardized and fully automated approach (LCModel‐based) for quantitative prostate 1H‐MRSI. To this end, a dedicated basis set was constructed by the combination of simulated (citrate, Cit; choline, Cho, and creatine, CR) and experimentally acquired (spermine, Spm) spectra. The overlapping Spm, Cho, and Cr could be resolved and quantified individually, thus allowing for the independent assessment of glandular (Cit and Spm) and proliferative (Cho) components. Several metabolite ratios were calculated and compared to the histologic findings of prostatectomy specimens from 10 prostate cancer patients with Gleason scores (3 + 3) and (3 + 4). The Cho mole fraction and the Cho/(Cit + Spm) ratio were found to best discriminate between prostate cancer and healthy tissue. The comparison between the quantitative MRSI results and the histologic findings suggests that no correlation exists between the detected metabolic alterations and the Gleason score of low‐grade tumors. Magn Reson Med, 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
CEST‐FISP: A novel technique for rapid chemical exchange saturation transfer MRI at 7 T
Authors: Shah T. , Lu L. , Dell K. M. , Pagel M. D. , Griswold M. A. , Flask C. A. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractChemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) and magnetization transfer techniques provide unique and potentially quantitative contrast mechanisms in multiple MRI applications. However, the in vivo implementation of these techniques has been limited by the relatively slow MRI acquisition techniques, especially on high‐field MRI scanners. A new, rapid CEST‐fast imaging with steady‐state free precession technique was developed to provide sensitive CEST contrast in ∼20 sec. In this study at 7 T with in vitro bovine glycogen samples and initial in vivo results in a rat liver, the CEST‐fast imaging with steady‐state free precession technique was shown to provide equivalent CEST sensitivity in comparison to a conventional CEST‐spin echo acquisition with a 50‐fold reduction in acquisition time. The sensitivity of the CEST‐fast imaging with steady‐state free precession technique was also shown to be dependent on k‐space encoding with centric k‐space encoding providing a 30–40% increase in CEST sensitivity relative to linear encoding for 256 or more k‐space lines. Overall, the CEST‐fast imaging with steady‐state free precession acquisition technique provides a rapid and sensitive imaging platform with the potential to provide quantitative CEST and magnetization transfer imaging data. Magn Reson Med, 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Superelliptical insert gradient coil with a field‐modifying layer for breast imaging
Authors: Moon Sung M. , Craig Goodrich K. , Rock Hadley J. , Kim Seong‐Eun , Zeng Gengsheng L. , Morrell Glen R. , McAlpine Matthew A. , Chronik Blaine A. , Parker Dennis L. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractMany MRI applications such as dynamic contrast‐enhanced MRI of the breast require high spatial and temporal resolution and can benefit from improved gradient performance, e.g., increased gradient strength and reduced gradient rise time. The improved gradient performance required to achieve high spatial and temporal resolution for this application may be achieved by using local insert gradients specifically designed for a target anatomy. Current flat gradient systems cannot create an imaging volume large enough to accommodate both breasts; further, their gradient fields are not homogeneous, dropping off rapidly with distance from the gradient coil surface. To attain an imaging volume adequate for bilateral breast MRI, a planar local gradient system design has been modified into a superellipse shape, creating homogeneous gradient volumes that are 182% (Gx), 57% (Gy), and 75% (Gz) wider (left/right direction) than those of the corresponding standard planar gradient. Adding an additional field‐modifying gradient winding results in an additional improvement of the homogeneous gradient field near the gradient coil surface over the already enlarged homogeneous gradient volumes of the superelliptical gradients (67%, 89%, and 214% for Gx, Gy, and Gz respectively). A prototype y‐gradient insert has been built to demonstrate imaging and implementation characteristics of the superellipse gradient in a 3 T MRI system. Magn Reson Med, 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Short note: An integrable numerical algorithm for computing eigenvalues of a specially structured matrix
Authors: Sun Jian‐Qing , Hu Xing‐Biao , Tam Hon‐Wah 
Published: October 2010

AbstractThis paper is motivated by some recent work of Fukuda, Ishiwata, Iwasaki, and Nakamura (Inverse Problems 2009; 25:015007). We first design an algorithm for computing the eigenvalues of a specially structured matrix from the discrete Bogoyavlensky Lattice 2 (dBL2) system. A Lax representation for the dBL2 system is given in a matrix form. By considering the asymptotic behavior of dBL2 variables, some characteristic polynomials are then factorized. A new algorithm for computing the complex eigenvalues of a specially structured matrix is then introduced. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Assessing the life history of an andean traveller through biogeochemistry: Stable and radiogenic isotope analyses of archaeological human remains from Northern Chile
Authors: Knudson K. J. , Pestle W. J. , Torres‐Rouff C. , Pimentel G. 
Published: October 2010

ABSTRACTBioarchaeology and biogeochemistry can elucidate aspects of individual life histories that are often lost in the archaeological record. Here, we use stable and radiogenic isotope analyses of enamel, bone and hair to reconstruct paleodiet and paleomobility in an adult male interred along a pre‐Columbian route connecting the northern Chilean coast to the inland Loa River Valley. Although this well‐preserved burial included mortuary goods typical of coastal cultures, it was discovered in a vast, uninhabited part of northern Chile's hyper‐arid Atacama Desert.Variation in carbon and nitrogen isotopes reflects dietary differences, while strontium and oxygen isotopes vary geologically and geographically. We use these data to examine paleodiet and paleomobility and to assess whether this was a coastal traveller seeking provisions from the interior orvice versa. Enamel stable isotope analysis is consistent with the consumption of a mixture of terrestrial and marine resources during the first years of life. Bone stable isotope analyses indicate habitual consumption of marine foodstuffs over the last 10–30 years of this individual's life. Interestingly, stable isotope analysis of hair samples provides more fine‐grained information on this individual, suggesting movements between the coast and highlands in the months before his death. Radiogenic strontium isotope data are consistent with residence on the coast or in the Atacama Desert, but are lower than strontium isotope values from higher altitudes. These dietary and geological patterns are reconcilable with coastal residency; the isotopic data are consistent with foodstuffs and textiles found with the burial. Therefore, we argue that this individual was regularly moving from the coast to inland areas, crossing the hyper‐arid Atacama Desert by following strategic interzonal routes that provided access to particular resources. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Consumption of serum lipid‐reducing drugs in Serbia compared with Scandinavian countries: a population‐based study, 2004–2008
Authors: Sabo Ana , Tomić Zdenko , Stilinović Nebojša , Milijašević Boris , Mikov Momir , Vukmirović Saša , Horvat Olga 
Published: October 2010

AbstractPurposeThe aim of this study was to measure the consumption of serum lipid reducing drugs in Serbia from 2004 to 2008, to compare this data with that from Scandinavian countries, and to compare the consumption of lipid lowering drugs and the rate of mortality from cardiovascular diseases in these countries.MethodsA population‐based study was undertaken to analyse lipid lowering drug consumption using the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical/Defined Daily Dose methodology. Cause‐specific mortality rates were obtained from the WHOSIS annual report for the year 2009.ResultsIn 2008, a total of 1207.44 DDD/1000 inh/day of all drugs, was used in Serbia, of which 38.89% belonged to drugs for cardiovascular diseases. While in Scandinavian countries 17.03–24.80% of drugs for cardiovascular diseases belonged to lipid‐lowering drugs, in Serbia it was substantially lower (3%). In 2004 in Serbia, 1.50 DDD/1000 inh/day of statins were used. In 2008, this value was 14.24 DDD/1000 inh/day. In every investigated country, simvastatin made up more than 50% of the consumption of statins. After simvastatin, the next most frequently used statin was atorvastatin, with 5.52, 11.00, 11.17 and 24.82 DDD/1000 inh/day, in Serbia, Denmark, Finland and Norway, respectively. In 2004 Serbia has the highest mortality rate for cardiovascular diseases among investigated countries with 762/100.000 inhabitants and Norway has the lowest rate with 158/100.000 inhabitants.ConclusionThe use of lipid lowering drugs is 6–8 times lower in Serbia than in Scandinavian countries but there is an evident rise in lipid lowering drugs consumption in Serbia during years. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Decreasing inappropriate vocalizations using classwide group contingencies and color wheel procedures: A component analysis
Authors: Kirk Emily R. , Becker Jennifer A. , Skinner Christopher H. , Fearrington Jamie Yarbrough , McCane‐Bowling Sara J. , Amburn Christie , Luna Elisa , Greear Corinne 
Published: October 2010

AbstractTeacher referrals for consultation resulted in two independent teams collecting evidence that allowed for a treatment component evaluation of color wheel (CW) procedures and/or interdependent group‐oriented reward (IGOR) procedures on inappropriate vocalizations in one third‐ and one first‐grade classroom. Both studies involved the application of B‐C‐D‐C designs, with the initial B phase involving the application of independent group‐oriented punishment (IGOP) procedures that were applied in all classrooms at the respective schools and maintained across all phases of the studies. In Study I, the C phase involved that application of IGOP, IGOR, and CW; CW was withdrawn in the D phase and reinstated in the subsequent C phase. In Study II, IGOP procedures were supplemented with CW procedures (first C phase), then IGOR procedures were added (D phase) and withdrawn (second C phase). Results from the two studies converge and provide evidence that CW procedures are effective when applied with IGOP procedures and that supplementing them with IGOR procedures may have little classwide impact on inappropriate vocalizations. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.