bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cusp estimation in random design regression models
Authors: Fujii Takayuki 
Published: September 2010

Abstract
We consider the parametric estimation for the random design nonlinear regression model whose regression function has an unknown cusp location. The Fisher information of this location parameter is unbounded, that is caused by the non-differentiability of the likelihood function, so this is a non-regular estimation problem. In this paper, we verify the asymptotic properties of the Bayes estimator (BE), e.g. the consistency, the asymptotic distribution and the convergence of its moments, by the likelihood ratio process whose limit is expressed in terms of fractional Brownian motion. Further, we show that the BE is asymptotically efficient in a certain minimax sense.
Dietary Nucleotides and Early Growth in Formula-Fed Infants: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Singhal Atul , Kennedy Kathy , Lanigan J. , Clough Helen , Jenkins Wendy , Elias-Jones Alun , Stephenson Terrence , Dudek Peter , Lucas Alan 
Published: September 2010

BACKGROUND:
Dietary nucleotides are nonprotein nitrogenous compounds that are found in high concentrations in breast milk and are thought to be conditionally essential nutrients in infancy. A high nucleotide intake has been suggested to explain some of the benefits of breastfeeding compared with formula feeding and to promote infant growth. However, relatively few large-scale randomized trials have tested this hypothesis in healthy infants.

OBJECTIVE:
We tested the hypothesis that nucleotide supplementation of formula benefits early infant growth.

PATIENTS AND METHODS:
Occipitofrontal head circumference, weight, and length were assessed in infants who were randomly assigned to groups fed nucleotide-supplemented (31 mg/L; n = 100) or control formula without nucleotide supplementation (n = 100) from birth to the age of 20 weeks, and in infants who were breastfed (reference group; n = 101).

RESULTS:
Infants fed with nucleotide-supplemented formula had greater occipitofrontal head circumference at ages 8, 16, and 20 weeks than infants fed control formula (mean difference in z scores at 8 weeks: 0.4 [95% confidence interval: 0.1–0.7]; P = .006) even after adjustment for potential confounding factors (P = .002). Weight at 8 weeks and the increase in both occipitofrontal head circumference and weight from birth to 8 weeks were also greater in infants fed nucleotide-supplemented formula than in those fed control formula.

CONCLUSIONS:
Our data support the hypothesis that nucleotide supplementation leads to increased weight gain and head growth in formula-fed infants. Therefore, nucleotides could be conditionally essential for optimal infant growth in some formula-fed populations. Additional research is needed to test the hypothesis that the benefits of nucleotide supplementation for early head growth, a critical period for brain growth, have advantages for long-term cognitive development.
Pediatric Clinical Research Networks: Current Status, Common Challenges, and Potential Solutions
Authors: Slora Eric J. , Harris Donna L. , Bocian Alison B. , Wasserman Richard C. 
Published: September 2010

OBJECTIVES:The goals were (1) to describe and to characterize pediatric clinical research networks (PCRNs) in the United States and Canada, (2) to identify PCRN strengths and weaknesses, (3) to evaluate the potential for collaboration among PCRNs, and (4) to assess untapped potential interest in PCRN participation.METHODS:Data collection included (1) initial identification of PCRNs through an Internet search and word of mouth, (2) follow-up surveys of PCRN leaders, (3) telephone interviews with 21 PCRN leaders, and (4) a survey of 43 American Academy of Pediatrics specialty leaders regarding untapped interest in network research.RESULTS:Seventy exclusively pediatric networks were identified. Of those, specialty care networks constituted the largest proportion (50%), followed by primary care (28.6%) and disease-specific (21.4%) networks. A network profile survey (response rate: 74.3%) revealed that ∼90% held infrastructure funding. Nearly 75% of respondents viewed cross-network collaborations positively. In-depth telephone interviews corroborated the survey data, with cross-network collaboration mentioned consistently as a theme. American Academy of Pediatrics specialty leaders indicated that up to 30% of current nonparticipants might be interested in research involvement.CONCLUSIONS:Pediatric networks exist across the care continuum. Significant numbers of uninvolved practitioners may be interested in joining PCRNs. A strong majority of network leaders cited potential benefits from network collaboration.
Open-Label Glucocorticoids Modulate Dexamethasone Trial Results in Preterm Infants
Authors: Onland Wes , van Kaam Anton H. , De Jaegere Anne P. , Offringa Martin 
Published: September 2010

CONTEXT:Open-label glucocorticoids (OLGs) were often used in trials that investigated postnatal dexamethasone treatment in ventilated preterm infants.OBJECTIVE:To determine if OLG use modulates the dexamethasone treatment effect on mortality, bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), and neurodevelopmental outcome.METHODS:Electronic databases, abstracts from the Pediatric Academic Societies, and results of manual reference searches were used as data sources. Fifteen randomized controlled trials comparing dexamethasone with placebo in 721 ventilated preterm infants older than 7 days were identified. The interaction between dexamethasone treatment effect and OLG use was assessed by meta-regression analysis and subgroup meta-analysis according to the percentage of OLG use in the placebo group. Trials with a moderately early (7- to 14-day) or delayed (&gt;3-week) treatment onset were analyzed separately.RESULTS:Moderately early, but not delayed, dexamethasone treatment significantly reduced mortality rates in trials with OLG use at &lt;30% in the placebo arm. Meta-regression analysis revealed that this reduction was inversely related to OLG use. Increasing OLG use strengthened the positive effect of dexamethasone on BPD in the moderately early trials but attenuated the effect in the delayed-treatment trials. In trials with &lt;30% OLG use, dexamethasone increased the risk for cerebral palsy in the delayed, but not the moderately early, treatment trials.CONCLUSIONS:When OLG use is taken into account moderately early dexamethasone treatment reduced mortality rates and the combined outcome mortality and BPD without increasing the risk of adverse neurodevelopmental outcome in ventilated preterm infants. A large randomized controlled trial is needed to confirm or refute these findings.
Chapter 7 or 13: Are Client or Lawyer Interests Paramount?
Authors: Lefgren Lars , McIntyre Frank L , Miller Michelle 
Published: September 2010

Abstract
Households often rely on professionals with specialized knowledge to make important financial decisions. In many cases, the professionals financial interests are at odds with those of the client. We explore this problem in the context of personal bankruptcy. OLS, fixed effects, and IV estimates all show that attorneys play a central role in determining whether households file under Chapter 7 or Chapter 13 of the bankruptcy code. We present evidence suggesting that some attorneys maximize profits by steering households into Chapter 13 bankruptcy even when the households objective financial benefits are low and the probability of case dismissal is high. An attorney-induced Chapter 13 filing increases household legal fees and reduces the probability of long-term debt relief.
Synthesis, crystal structure, and 1H NMR spectra of a chloride-bridged chain complex of dinuclear ruthenium(II,III) 3,4,5-tri(ethoxy-d 5)benzoate
Authors: Ishida Hideaki , Handa Makoto , Ikeue Takahisa , Taguchi Jun , Mikuriya Masahiro 
Published: September 2010

AbstractDeuterated dinuclear ruthenium(II,III) 3,4,5-tri(ethoxy-d 5)benzoate, [Ru2{3,4,5-(C2D5O)3C6H2-COO}4Cl]n, was synthesized by a reaction of [Ru2(C2H5COO)4Cl]n and 3,4,5-tri(ethoxy-d 5)benzoic acid and characterized by single-crystal X-ray analysis as well as IR, UV-VIS, and 1H NMR spectra, and compared with those of the undeuterated complex [Ru2{3,4,5-(C2H5O)3C6H2COO}4Cl]n. Single-crystal X-ray analysis showed that chloride ligands bridge the dinuclear ruthenium(II,III) units at the axial positions to form a zigzag chain molecule with the Ru1-Cl-Ru2 angle of 123.82(4)°. 1H NMR spectra in CD2Cl2 displayed a broad signal attributable to o-H atoms on the phenyl rings of the benzoate ligands from approximately δ = 23 to δ = 32 at 25°C and several signals from approximately δ = −50 to δ = 50 at −80°C. These spectra show the preservation of the polymeric or oligomeric chain structure in dichloromethane, which is supported by the solution behavior confirmed by the UV-VIS spectra and electronic conductance.
The impact of speech material on speech judgement in children with and without cleft palate
Authors: Klintö Kristina , Salameh Eva‐Kristina , Svensson Henry , Lohmander Anette 
Published: September 2010

AbstractBackground: The chosen method of speech assessment, including type of speech material, may affect speech judgement in children with cleft palate.Aim: To assess the effect of different speech materials on speech judgement in 5‐year‐old children born with or without cleft palate, as well as the reliability of materials by means of intra‐ and inter‐transcriber agreement of consonant transcriptions.Methods & Procedures: Altogether 40 children were studied, 20 born with cleft palate, 20 without. The children were audio recorded at 5 years of age. Speech materials used were: single‐word naming, sentence repetition (both developed for cleft palate speech assessment), retelling of a narrative and conversational speech. The samples were phonetically transcribed and inter‐ and intra‐transcriber agreement was calculated. Percentage correct consonants (PCC), percentage correct places (PCP), percentage correct manners (PCM), and percentage active cleft speech characteristics (CSC) were assessed. In addition, an analysis of phonological simplification processes (PSP) was performed.Outcome & Results: The PCC and CSC results were significantly more accurate in word naming than in all other speech materials in the children with cleft palate, who also achieved more accurate PCP results in word naming than in sentence repetition and conversational speech. Regarding PCM and PSP, performance was significantly more accurate in word naming than in conversational speech. Children without cleft palate did better, irrespective of the speech material. The medians of intra‐ and inter‐transcriber agreement were good in both groups and all speech materials. The closest agreement in the cleft palate group was seen in word naming and the weakest in the retelling task.Conclusion & Implications: The results indicate that word naming is the most reliable speech material when the purpose is to assess the best speech performance of a child with cleft palate. If the purpose is to assess connected speech, sentence repetition is a reliable and also valid speech material, with good transcriber agreement and equally good articulation accuracy as in retelling and conversational speech. For typically developing children without a cleft palate, the chosen speech material appears not to affect speech judgement.
Metal foams – towards microcellular materials
Authors: García-Moreno Francisco , Mukherjee Manas , Solórzano Eusebio , Banhart John 
Published: September 2010

AbstractVarious techniques to manufacture low-density metallic foams containing sub-millimetre or even micrometre-sized pores are discussed and first trial experiments presented. Three strategies are evaluated: use of an intrinsic blowing agent, foaming under high pressure and foam control by mechanical pressure manipulation. In all three cases, average pore diameters well below 1 mm could be achieved for some aluminium or zinc-based foams while keeping the relative density in a range between 20 % and 50 % of the full metal density.
Characterization of the microstructure and damage mechanisms in a Ti6Al4V alloy modified with 1 wt.% B
Authors: Poletti C. , Requena G. , Tolnai D. , Cloetens P. , Steiger-Thirsfeld A. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractPowder metallurgy produced Ti-6Al-4V-1B-0.1C is a modification of the Ti-6Al-4V commercial titanium alloy. TiB whiskers precipitate in the Ti64 matrix during the solidification of the powders before consolidation. The whiskers present two size classes due to the solidification rate and satelliting effect. Scanning electron and light optical microscopy were used to characterize the morphology, distribution and damage of TiB before and after hot deformation. These results were compared with those obtained by parallel beam and magnified synchrotron holotomography, and by focused ion beam tomography. The damage produced during hot deformation was provoked by debonding and cracks at the larger TiB particles. Simulations of the compression tests using finite element analysis were carried out to identify strain and stress localizations.
Tensile deformation behavior of AA5083-H111 at cold and warm temperatures
Authors: Ozturk Fahrettin , Toros Serkan , Kilic Suleyman 
Published: September 2010

Abstract
The effects of strain rate and temperature on the deformation behavior of hardened 5083-H111 aluminum magnesium alloy sheet were investigated by performing uniaxial tensile tests at various strain rates from 0.0083 to 0.16 s−1 and temperatures from – 100 to 300 °C. Results from the prescribed test ranges indicate that the formability of this material at cold and warm temperatures is better than at room temperature. The improvement in formability at cold temperatures is principally due to the strain hardening of the material. However, the improvement at warm temperature and low strain rate is specifically due to the high strain rate sensitivity characteristic of the material. Results indicate that this alloy should be formed at temperatures higher than 200 °C and at low strain rates.
Gigacycle fatigue response of tool steels produced by powder metallurgy compared to ingot metallurgy tool steels
Authors: Sohar Christian , Betzwar-Kotas Agnieszka , Gierl Christian , Danninger Herbert , Weiss Brigitte 
Published: September 2010

AbstractIn this work, the gigacycle fatigue response of several tool steel grades, produced by ingot metallurgy and powder metallurgy, has been studied using an ultrasonic frequency resonance testing device. In all cases the S–N curves exhibited a consistent drop up to 10 billion cycles, i. e. there is no fatigue “limit” with these materials. Surprisingly, there was virtually no effect of the composition and hardness of the materials, both for powder metallurgy and ingot metallurgy grades cold work tool steels and high speed steels exhibiting virtually the same S–N curves, however the powder metallurgy steels revealed significantly higher endurance strength levels than ingot metallurgy grades. In the ingot metallurgy tool steel grades, crack initiation started at large primary carbides or carbide clusters, while in the powder metallurgy grades, markedly smaller non-metallic inclusions turned out being the critical defects. Furthermore, it has been shown that it is very important to avoid introducing residual stresses into the specimen surfaces during preparation, since these stresses significantly affect the endurance strength levels and the location of crack initiating sites.
A 45-year-old Woman Who Had Been Sexually Abused
Authors: Seawell Monifa S. , Dziuba John 
Published: September 2010

CME Educational Objectives1.Review the epidemiology and clinical manifestations of delusional disorders.2.Discuss the challenges associated with diagnosing and treating delusional disorders, particularly delusional disorder of the somatic type.3.Summarize the challenges faced in identifying and treating mental illness in medically ill patients.
Management of Subluxating Ulnar Nerve at the Elbow
Authors: Richard Marc J. , Messmer Caroline , Wray Walter H. , Garrigues Grant E. , Goldner Richard D. , Ruch David S. 
Published: September 2010

Musculotendinous variations around the medial epicondyle can contribute to subluxation of the ulnar nerve at the elbow. This article reviews the presenting symptoms, operative findings, and results of surgery for subluxation of the ulnar nerve at the elbow. A retrospective evaluation was performed of 200 elbows managed operatively for medial elbow pathology over a 17-year period between 1990 and 2007. The patient charts were reviewed for chief complaint, radiographic studies, operative reports, and postoperative examination data. Seventeen patients (18 elbows) were treated for a subluxating ulnar nerve. Three patients were women and 14 were men, with a mean age of 27.6 years. Medial elbow pain was the chief complaint in all 17 patients. Seventeen elbows also demonstrated paresthesias in an ulnar nerve distribution. All patients were treated with anterior transposition of the ulnar nerve, and 11 patients (61%) were found to have a muscular anomaly.
At a mean follow-up of 17 months, the mean visual analog scale for pain improved from 6.0 to 2.0. There was no functional impairment reported for any patient at final follow-up. Of the 200 elbows surgically treated for medial elbow pathology, 17 patients (8.5%) demonstrated a subluxating ulnar nerve. These patients tend to be young and present with a primary complaint of medial elbow pain. In addition, a subluxating ulnar nerve is often associated with muscular anomalies, which must be addressed concurrently.
Incidence of Venous Thromboembolic Disease Following Hip Arthroscopy
Authors: Salvo John P. , Troxell Corey R. , Duggan Daniel P. 
Published: September 2010

Venous thromboembolic disease is a known complication of orthopedic surgery. Hip arthroscopy is a technically demanding procedure with a significant learning curve and low reported complication rate. Few reports document the incidence of venous thromboembolic disease following hip arthroscopy. Our hypothesis was that the incidence of venous thromboembolic disease following hip arthroscopy was comparable to that reported for knee arthroscopy.
Eighty-one consecutive patients undergoing hip arthroscopy were retrospectively reviewed. All patients underwent standard diagnostic hip arthroscopy under traction of the operative leg against a well-padded perineal post. All procedures were performed on an outpatient basis. Three of 81 patients (3.7%) developed a clinically symptomatic venous thromboembolic disease in the postoperative period. The diagnosis was suspected clinically and confirmed with the use of a Doppler ultrasound. No patient developed symptomatic pulmonary emboli. One patient used oral contraceptives and 2 had no known risk factors for venous thromboembolic disease. All patients were successfully treated with anticoagulation.
This is the first study to document multiple occurrences of venous thromboembolic disease following hip arthroscopy. This study demonstrated the incidence of symptomatic venous thromboembolic disease after hip arthroscopy to be 3.7%. Further study investigation is warranted regarding the incidence of symptomatic and asymptomatic venous thromboembolic disease following hip arthroscopy.
Fixation of 3- and 4-Part Proximal Humerus Fractures Using the PHILOS Plate: Mid-Term Results
Authors: Gaheer Rajinder Singh , Hawkins Amanda 
Published: September 2010

Treatment of unstable, displaced, and comminuted fractures of the proximal humerus remains challenging, and optimal treatment continues to be controversial. Fifty-six patients with displaced 3- and 4-part fractures of the proximal humerus had open reduction and internal fixation using the proximal humeral internal locking system (PHILOS) plate (Synthes, Stratec Medical Ltd, Mezzovico, Switzerland).
Data were collected retrospectively, and clinical and radiological outcomes were assessed. Mean follow-up was 40 months (range, 18–62 months). The study shows that the PHILOS plate gives good results in the treatment of displaced 3- and 4-part fractures of the proximal humerus. Good fracture stability can be achieved early, allowing early mobilization without compromising fracture union. Most importantly, it requires minimal soft tissue dissection, does not need contouring, and gives good stability. No differences were observed in the functional outcomes of patients younger and older than 65 years.
Few complications were associated with the plate, and the number of ≥2 surgeries was minimal. The complications noted were 1 case each of superficial wound infection, failure of the plate, and persistent stiffness. One patient had screw perforation of the humeral head articular surface, and 1 had subacromial impingement. Of the 32 patients who had been in active employment before the injury, 28 returned to their previous occupation.
A Randomized, Prospective Study of Total Hip Wound Closure with Resorbable Subcuticular Staples
Authors: Fisher David A. , Bengero Lowell L. , Clapp Brenda C. , Burgess Mary 
Published: September 2010

Resorbable subcuticular staples are a new way to close surgical wounds and have not been reported in the orthopedic literature. This randomized, controlled study compared a resorbable subcuticular staple system with stainless steel wound stapling in patients undergoing unilateral primary total hip arthroplasty (THA). Institutional Review Board approval and patient consent was obtained for all patients. Sixty patients (30 each group) were randomized to receive either resorbable subcuticular staples or stainless steel staples after primary THA. Incision length, number of staples used, and any staple insertion problems were recorded.
Subjective reports of pain levels or incision complaints were solicited, and wound photographs were obtained on days 1 and 14 and 6 weeks postoperatively. The presence of wound drainage, erythema, wound separation, or echymosis was recorded at each visit, as well as all postoperative complications. The average incision length in the resorbable group was 13.2 cm and required 16 staples for closure, compared to 15 cm and 20 staples for the metal staple group. No infections occurred in either group, although the incidence of erythema and wound drainage at 2 weeks was higher for patients in the stainless steel group. One patient with metal staples had a postoperative hematoma requiring secondary irrigation and debridement. Patient satisfaction was higher with the resorbable staples.
A resorbable subcuticular staple system can provide comparable wound closure to stainless steel staples following THA and may do so with less local discomfort, wound drainage, or erythematous reaction.