bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of a microgrooved collar design on soft and hard tissue healing of immediate implantation in fresh extraction sites in dogs
Authors: Shin Soo‐Yeon , Han Dong‐Hoo 
Published: April 2010

AbstractObjective: This study compared the alveolar bone reduction after immediate implantation using microgrooved and smooth collar implants in fresh extracted sockets.Material and methods: Four mongrel dogs were used in this study. The full buccal and lingual mucoperiosteal flaps were elevated and the third and fourth premolars of the mandible were removed. The implants were installed in the fresh extracted sockets. The animals were sacrificed after a 3‐month healing period. The mandibles were dissected and each implant site was removed and processed for a histological examination.Results: During healing, the marginal gaps in both groups, which were present between the implant and the socket walls at implantation, disappeared as a result of bone filling and resorption of the bone crest. The buccal bone crests were located apical of its lingual counterparts. At the 12‐week interval, the mean bone–implant contact in the microgrooved group was significantly higher than that of the turned surface group. From the observations in some of the microgrooved groups, we have found bone attachment to the 12 μm microgrooved surface and collagen fibers perpendicular to the long axis of the implants over the 8 μm microgrooved surface.Conclusion: Within the limitations of this study, microgrooved implants may provide more favorable conditions for the attachment of hard and soft tissues and reduce the level of marginal bone resorption and soft tissue recession. To cite this article:
Shin S‐Y., Han D‐H. Influence of microgrooved collar design on soft and hard tissue healing of immediate implantation in fresh extraction sites in dogs. Clin. Oral Impl. Res. 21, 2010; 804–814. doi: 10.1111/j.1600‐0501.2010.01917.x
In vivo degradation of collagen barrier membranes exposed to the oral cavity
Authors: Klinger Avigdor , Asad Rawi , Shapira Lior , Zubery Yuval 
Published: April 2010

AbstractObjectives: The purpose of this human clinical trial was to compare the degradation profiles of three different collagen membranes under conditions mimicking exposure to the oral cavity.Materials and methods: Three collagen membranes, ribose cross‐linked (RCL), glutaraldehyde cross‐linked (GCL), and non‐cross‐linked (NCL) were tested. The membranes were placed over the buccal mucosa of 20 human volunteers, apical to the gingival margins in the maxillary premolar and molar region. A periodontal dressing was placed over the membranes and secured in the interproximal spaces. The dressing was removed after 10 days, and membrane integrity was evaluated by two examiners using a Likert‐like grading scale (grades 1–5).Results: Eight subjects withdrew from the study due to discomfort, pain, or dislodging of the pack. Of the three membranes tested, RCL appeared to be the most resistant to degradation (median grade 5), compared with GCL (2.25) and NCL (1.75).Conclusions: Marked differences in membrane integrity were found between the three tested membranes after 10 days in the oral cavity. These differences may be part of the important factors determining the outcome of the regenerative treatment modality in cases of premature membrane exposure. To cite this article:
Klinger A, Asad R, Shapira L, Zubery Y. In vivo degradation of collagen barrier membranes exposed to the oral cavity. Clin. Oral Impl. Res. 21, 2010; 873–876. doi: 10.1111/j.1600‐0501.2010.01921.x
Bacteraemia following dental implants' placement
Authors: Piñeiro A. , Tomás I. , Blanco J. , Álvarez M. , Seoane J. , Diz P. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractObjective: To investigate the prevalence, duration and aetiology of bacteraemias following the placement of implants as well as the prophylactic efficacy of a chlorhexidine digluconate (CHX) mouthrinse.Material and methods: Fifty patients undergoing implant placement were randomly distributed into two groups:Control group: 30 patients with no prophylactic intervention before surgery.CHX group: 20 patients who performed a 0.2% CHX mouthrinse before surgery.Blood samples were collected at baseline, at 30 s after the insertion of implants and at 15 min after completion of the suturing of the mucoperiosteal flap. Samples were processed in the Bactec 9240, and the subculture and further identification of the isolates were performed using conventional microbiological techniques.Results: The prevalence of bacteraemias was 2% at baseline. In the control group, the prevalence of bacteraemias was 6.7% at 30 s and 3.3% at 15 min, but no statistically significant differences were achieved compared with the baseline percentage. In the CHX group, there were no positive cultures from blood samples obtained at 30 s or at 15 min.Conclusions: Implant placement via a mucoperiosteal flap does not carry a significant risk of developing bacteraemias. The use of antibiotic prophylaxis for the prevention of focal infections such as bacterial endocarditis in “at‐risk” patients undergoing dental implants is therefore questionable. Although its efficacy has not been confirmed statistically, we recommend a 0.2% CHX mouthrinse before treatment as proposed previously by the British Society for Antimicrobial Chemotherapy. To cite this article:
Piñeiro A, Tomás I, Blanco J, Álvarez M, Seoane J, Diz P. Bacteraemia following dental implants' placement. Clin. Oral Impl. Res. 21, 2010; 913–918. doi: 10.1111/j.1600‐0501.2010.01928.x
Is ED length of stay before ICU admission related to patient mortality?
Authors: Carter Angus W , Pilcher David , Bailey Michael , Cameron Peter , Duke Graeme J , Cooper Jamie 
Published: April 2010

AbstractObjective:  To describe and identify the relationship between ED length of stay (LOS) and mortality after ICU admission.Methods:  We undertook a retrospective cohort study of records from the Australian and New Zealand Intensive Care Society Adult Patient Database (from 1 January 2000 to 31 December 2006). Data from 45 hospitals and 48 803 ED patients directly transferred to ICU were included. Patients were divided into ED LOS < 8 h and ED LOS ≥ 8 h. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed.Results:  Median ED LOS was 3.9 h (interquartile range 2.0–6.8). Patients transferred within 8 h (80.9%) were younger (P < 0.001) and more seriously ill (higher mortality and mechanical ventilation rate) than those transferred ≥8 h. There was no clear relationship between ED LOS and hospital survival for patients admitted directly to ICU (odds ratio = 1.01 per hour, 95% confidence intervals 0.99–1.02).Conclusion:  Although 20% of critically ill patients spend more than 8 h in ED before transfer to ICU, we were unable to demonstrate an adverse relationship between time in ED and hospital mortality.
Hepatic portal venous gas in a patient with intestinal necrosis
Authors: Siswojo Andy , Ihle Benno U 
Published: April 2010

AbstractThis report describes a case of hepatic portal venous gas (HPVG) in a patient with intestinal ischaemia and necrosis resulting from an obstructing lesion in the sigmoid colon. CT images demonstrating a large amount of HPVG are presented.
Bowel perforations induced by multiple magnet ingestion
Authors: Lee Byung Kook , Ryu Hyun Ho , Moon Jeong Mi , Jeung Kyung Woon 
Published: April 2010

AbstractWe report two cases of bowel perforation that presented to the ED after ingesting multiple magnets as diagnosed with exploratory laparotomy. Foreign body ingestion is a common occurrence in the paediatric population. Diagnosis is often delayed because it is difficult to obtain a precise history of foreign body ingestion. Fortunately, in many cases, ingested foreign bodies pass spontaneously without complications. However, surgical intervention is required for about one percent of foreign body ingestions. Multiple magnet ingestion produces bowel injuries, including bowel obstruction, ischaemia, necrosis, perforation and fistula formation, finally requiring surgical intervention. The incidence, which is rare, of magnet ingestion with complications has increased as a result of the popularity of magnetic toys. This case report highlights the complications that might occur with multiple magnet ingestion. We aim to alert physicians that multiple magnet ingestion can be a serious matter.
Investigating moderate to severe paediatric trauma in the Auckland region
Authors: Couch Louise , Yates Kim , Aickin Richard , Pena Andres 
Published: April 2010

AbstractObjective:  To investigate differences between paediatric patients with moderate to severe trauma admitted from two paediatric ED, with respect to: demographics, patterns of presentation, mechanism of injury, injury severity scores (ISS), interventions and outcome.Method:  Retrospective cohort study. Moderate to severe trauma was defined as ISS >9. Paediatric patients admitted to hospital via Starship Children's Emergency or KidzFirst ED, with trauma from 1 May 2003 to 30 April 2004, with ISS >9 were identified using multiple databases. The charts were reviewed and data collected included: demographics, hospital of first presentation, diagnoses, ISS, Paediatric trauma score (PTS), Glasgow coma score (GCS), ventilator hours, length of admission, survival and discharge destination. Descriptive statistics with 95% confidence intervals, Mann–Whitney U‐test, χ2‐test and Fisher's exact test were used as appropriate.Results:  A total of 393 children with moderate to severe trauma were identified using initial search strategies. Of these, 82 children met the inclusion and exclusion criteria for the study; 42 children were admitted via KidzFirst ED and 40 via Starship Children's ED. There was no statistically significant difference in ISS (P= 0.86), PTS (P= 0.11), GCS (P= 0.62), hours on a ventilator (P= 0.28) and length of stay (P= 0.87) between children admitted from Starship or KidzFirst ED.Conclusion:  This study suggests that there are no differences in the numbers or severity of paediatric trauma patients admitted from the Starship and KidzFirst ED. This indicates triage is to the closest ED despite having a tertiary referral centre for paediatric trauma available in Auckland City.
Endothelin-1 Induces Contraction of Female Rat Internal Pudendal and Clitoral Arteries through ETA Receptor and Rho-Kinase Activation
Authors: Allahdadi Kyan J. , Hannan Johanna L. , Tostes Rita C. , Webb R. Clinton 
Published: April 2010

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Endothelin-1 (ET-1), a potent vasoconstrictor peptide, acts mainly through the Gprotein-coupled ETA receptor (ETAR). Increased vascular ET-1 production and constrictor sensitivity have been observed in various cardiovascular diseases, including hypertension, as well as erectile dysfunction. The internal pudendal artery (IPA) supplies blood to the vagina and clitoris. Inadequate blood flow through the IPA may lead to insufficient vaginal engorgement and clitoral tumescence.

Aim
Characterize the effects of ET-1 on the IPA and clitoral artery (CA).

Methods
IPA and CA from female Sprague Dawley rats (225–250 g) were mounted in myograph chambers. Arterial segments were submitted to increasing concentrations of ET-1 (10-10-10-6 M). Segments were incubated with the ETAR antagonist, atrasentan (10-8 M) or the Rho-kinase inhibitor, Y-27632 (10-6 M) 30 minutes prior to agonist exposure. All Emax values are expressed as % KCl-induced maximal contraction. ETAR, RhoA, and Rho-kinase expression from IPA was evaluated by Western blot. mRNA of preproET-1, ETAR, ETBR, RhoA, and Rho-kinase were measured by real time PCR.

Main Outcome Measures
ET-1 constrictor sensitivity in IPA and CA, protein expression and messenger RNA levels of ET-1-mediated constriction components.

Results
ET-1 concentration-dependently contracted IPA (% Contraction and pD2, respectively: 156 ± 18, 8.2 ± 0.1) and CA (163 ± 12, 8.8 ± 0.08), while ETAR antagonism reduced ET-1-mediated contraction (IPA: 104 ± 23, 6.4 ± 0.2; CA: 112 ± 17, 6.6 ± 0.08). Pretreatment with Y-27632 significantly shifted ET-1 pD2 in IPA (108 ± 24, 7.9 ± 0.1) and CA (147 ± 58 and 8.0 ± 0.25). Protein expression of ETAR, ETBR, RhoA, and Rho-kinase were detected in IPA. IPA and CA contained preproET-1, ETAR, ETBR, RhoA, and Rho-kinase message.

Conclusion
We observed that the IPA and CA are sensitive to ET-1, signaling through the ETAR and Rho-kinase pathway. These data indicate that ET-1 may play a role in vaginal and clitoral blood flow and may be important in pathologies where ET-1 levels are elevated.
IMPROVING THE PREDICTION FOR SENSORY TEXTURE ATTRIBUTES FOR MULTICOMPONENT SNACK BARS BY OPTIMIZING INSTRUMENTAL TEST CONDITIONS
Authors: GREVE PATRICK , LEE YOUNG SEUNG , MEULLENET JEAN‐FRANCOIS , KUNZ BENNO 
Published: April 2010

ABSTRACT Ten instrumental variables derived from a variety of five test probes (three‐point bending, needle, 2‐mm/6‐mm cylinder compression and small blade shear) and five deformation rates ranging from 5 to 100 cm/min were used to predict the sensory texture attributes for 16 commercial snack bars. Hardness, crispness, brittleness and hand‐evaluated hardness were selected as relevant texture attributes and evaluated from a descriptive analysis by 10 trained panelists. To determine the optimal instrumental test conditions (test probes and deformation rate) for the prediction of each sensory attribute, various model statistics based on partial least squares regression were used. The blade exhibited high predictive abilities, showing validation coefficient determination (Rval) greater than 0.8 for all the sensory attributes evaluated. The results display that, provided the correct instrumental conditions are set, a valuable improvement in the prediction of sensory attributes by instrumental variables can be achieved. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONSTextural attributes are important drivers of liking for snack bar products. The food industry has made a great deal of efforts in optimizing instrumental methodologies for their routine quality control, especially for texture measurements to maintain consumer acceptance. Therefore, a reliable prediction of sensory attributes derived from the instrumental variables is a crucial issue for the successful launch of instrumental analysis in industrial applications. To satisfactorily predict sensory texture attributes, the optimization of instrumental settings is of uttermost importance.
MULTIGRAIN BREAD – ITS DOUGH RHEOLOGY, MICROSTRUCTURE, QUALITY AND NUTRITIONAL CHARACTERISTICS
Authors: INDRANI D. , SOUMYA C. , RAJIV JYOTSNA , VENKATESWARA RAO G. 
Published: April 2010

ABSTRACT Effect of replacement of wheat flour with 5, 10, 15 and 20% multigrain mix (MGM) prepared by combining soya bean, oats, fenugreek seeds, flaxseed and sesame seeds on rheological and bread‐making characteristics of wheat flour was studied. Use of increasing amount of MGM from 0 to 20% increased farinograph water absorption, caused disruption of protein matrix, decreased volume and increased crumb firmness value showing adverse effect of MGM on the volume and texture of bread. Addition of combination of additives to wheat flour with 15% MGM brought about significant improvement in the dough strength and overall quality of the bread. The protein, fat and dietary fiber contents of bread with 15% MGM was 1.5, 5.0 and 2.5 times higher than the control. The results showed that bread with improved quality characteristics and perceptible taste of multigrains could be produced by adding 15% MGM and combination of additives. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONSMultigrain breads are breads made with multiple grains, legumes and seeds. These breads are more nutritious, richer in flavor and tastier than normal bread. This article discusses the effect of replacement of wheat flour with a mix consisting of soya bean, oats, fenugreek seeds, flaxseed and sesame seeds on the dough properties and the quality of bread. This paper also highlights the improvement brought about by the addition of combination of additives on the rheological and bread‐making quality of wheat flour with 15% multigrain mix. This information will have a practical application in the production of acceptable quality multigrain bread having typical grainy taste and improved nutritional characteristics in large scale.
Using next‐generation sequencing for molecular reconstruction of past Arctic vegetation and climate
Authors: SØNSTEBØ J. H. , GIELLY L. , BRYSTING A. K. , ELVEN R. , EDWARDS M. , HAILE J. , WILLERSLEV E. , COISSAC E. , RIOUX D. , SANNIER J. , TABERLET P. , BROCHMANN C. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractPalaeoenvironments and former climates are typically inferred from pollen and macrofossil records. This approach is time‐consuming and suffers from low taxonomic resolution and biased taxon sampling. Here, we test an alternative DNA‐based approach utilizing the P6 loop in the chloroplast trnL (UAA) intron; a short (13–158 bp) and variable region with highly conserved flanking sequences. For taxonomic reference, a whole trnL intron sequence database was constructed from recently collected material of 842 species, representing all widespread and/or ecologically important taxa of the species‐poor arctic flora. The P6 loop alone allowed identification of all families, most genera (>75%) and one‐third of the species, thus providing much higher taxonomic resolution than pollen records. The suitability of the P6 loop for analysis of samples containing degraded ancient DNA from a mixture of species is demonstrated by high‐throughput parallel pyrosequencing of permafrost‐preserved DNA and reconstruction of two plant communities from the last glacial period. Our approach opens new possibilities for DNA‐based assessment of ancient as well as modern biodiversity of many groups of organisms using environmental samples.
Les arts : valeurs refuge ou accord futur ?
Authors: Dufrêne Thierry 
Published: April 2010

Résumé Thierry Dufrêne prend pour point de départ la phrase d’Hannah Arendt, selon laquelle « toute discussion sur la culture doit de quelque manière prendre comme point de départ le phénomène de l’art ». L’auteur avait mis l’accent sur la nécessité qu’a chaque culture de négocier avec les autres sa propre conception de ce qu’elle appelle beauté. Elle avait également rappelé la formule d’André Malraux, qui se déclarait incertain sur l’avenir de l’art contemporain, mais convaincu que « l’art des métamorphoses » avait commencé. Reprenant l’idée des métamorphoses, Thierry Dufrêne pose la question des bouleversements de l’art face à la crise des valeurs, à l’accélération des techniques de communication, et à la marchandisation et la médiatisation croissantes. L’art est‐il devenu une simple marchandise ? Même s’il est partout célébré, peut‐on encore le voir, l’entendre et le comprendre ?
Décoloniser l’esprit : le travail de l’imagination créatrice
Authors: Nettleford Rex 
Published: April 2010

Résumé L’article traite de la décolonisation des esprits dans les pays en voie de développement, qui peinent à faire admettre leur dignité et leur différence, et àêtre ainsi reconnus au sein de la communauté mondialisée. Dans ce contexte, l’art revêt une signification particulière en ce qu’il peut encourager les résistances les plus profondes et s’opposer à la dilution des identités, des spécificités et des appartenances. Or l’enseignement artistique est encore trop peu développé dans nombre de ces pays. Si de nombreux artistes vivent aux Caraïbes, il faut encore étendre l’acquisition des connaissances, des savoir‐faire et du savoir‐vivre ensemble pour libérer l’énergie créatrice.
Using species distribution models to identify suitable areas for biofuel feedstock production
Authors: EVANS JASON M. , FLETCHER ROBERT J. , ALAVALAPATI JANAKI 
Published: April 2010

AbstractThe 2007 Energy Independence and Security Act mandates a five‐fold increase in US biofuel production by 2022. Given this ambitious policy target, there is a need for spatially explicit estimates of landscape suitability for growing biofuel feedstocks. We developed a suitability modeling approach for two major US biofuel crops, corn (Zea mays) and switchgrass (Panicum virgatum), based upon the use of two presence‐only species distribution models (SDMs): maximum entropy (Maxent) and support vector machines (SVM). SDMs are commonly used for modeling animal and plant distributions in natural environments, but have rarely been used to develop landscape models for cultivated crops. AUC, Kappa, and correlation measures derived from test data indicate that SVM slightly outperformed Maxent in modeling US corn production, although both models produced significantly accurate results. When compared with results from a mechanistic switchgrass model recently developed by Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), SVM results showed higher correlation than Maxent results with models fit using county‐scale point inputs of switchgrass production derived from expert opinion estimates. However, Maxent results for an alternative switchgrass model developed with point inputs from research trial sites showed higher correlation to the ORNL model than the corresponding results obtained from SVM. Further analysis indicates that both modeling approaches were effective in predicting county‐scale increases in corn production from 2006 to 2007, a time period in which US corn production increased by 24%. We conclude that presence‐only methods are a powerful first‐cut tool for estimating relative land suitability across geographic regions in which candidate biofuel feedstocks can be grown, and may also provide important insight into potential land‐use change patterns likely to be associated with increased biofuel demand.
A simple and innovative method for species identification of phytoplankton cells on minute quantities of DNA
Authors: Masseret Estelle , Enquebecq Marjorie , Laabir Mohamed , Genovesi Benjamin , Vaquer André , Avarre Jean‐Christophe 
Published: April 2010

SummaryDinoflagellates belonging to the genus Alexandrium are often involved in harmful algal blooms. Their ecological exploration is thus essential to increase our knowledge on these toxic events. Yet, population genetic studies, taxonomic identification and environmental monitoring are hampered by major constraints: the necessity to establish monoclonal cultures from environmental samples and the sensitivity of available molecular tools. The present work describes a very simple and sensitive method for extraction and amplification of DNA at the infra‐single‐cell level. Its on‐slide format allows for easy visual control of both quality and quantity of the templates. Combined with a semi‐multiplex PCR protocol designed on the 18S‐28S rDNA‐ITS region of Alexandrium catenella and Alexandrium tamarense, this procedure allowed the identification and discrimination of these species from both monoclonal cultures and natural samples.