bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Retrospective long‐term follow‐up in patients with chronic palmoplantar dermatoses after good response to bath PUVA therapy
Authors: Bretterklieber Agnes , Legat Franz J. , Wolf Peter , Hofer Angelika 
Published: June 2012

SummaryBackground: Numerous studies have confirmed the short‐term effectiveness of 8‐methoxypsoralen bath PUVA therapy in patients with chronic palmoplantar dermatoses; however, little is known about long‐term results.Patients and methods: In this retrospective study we examined the long‐term results in 79 patients (mean age: 48 years) with chronic palmoplantar dermatoses who were treated with bath PUVA three times a week over an 8‐year period. A good clinical response (a reduction of more than 50% of the skin lesions) occurred after a mean of 23 treatments and a mean cumulative UVA dose of 39 J/cm2 in 51 patients (65%). In 2007 a questionnaire was sent to these 51 patients to assess the long‐term outcome.Results: With bath PUVA treatment, the best results were found in patients with hyperkeratotic eczema (17/22; 77% good clinical response) followed by patients with palmoplantar psoriasis (26/41; 63%) and patients with dyshidrotic eczema (8/16; 50%).Thirty‐four patients (67%) answered the questionnaire after a mean follow‐up interval of 4.3 years (10–87 months). Among these patients, 36% reported an improved course of disease after PUVA therapy with reduced frequency and/or intensity of the skin rash, and 29% of patients reported continued complete clearance. 79% of our patients reported a long‐term reduction in the use of topical corticosteroids during the follow‐up period (mean: 4.3 years). In addition, 67% of patients reported a lasting improvement in quality of life.Conclusions: These data show that bath PUVA may have a long‐term, beneficial influence on the course of disease in a majority of patients with recalcitrant chronic palmoplantar dermatoses.
TEXTURE PERCEPTION DETERMINED BY SOY PROTEIN ISOLATE AND INULIN ADDITION IN POTATO PUREE: LINKS WITH MECHANICAL AND MICROSTRUCTURAL FEATURES
Authors: ALVAREZ MARÍA DOLORES , JIMÉNEZ MARÍA JOSÉ , OLIVARES MARÍA DOLORES , BARRIOS LAURA , CANET WENCESLAO 
Published: June 2012

ABSTRACTThis study evaluated the effect of adding soy protein isolate (SPI) and long‐chain inulin (INL) blends with 10 different SPI : INL ratios on the textural, rheological and microstructural properties of freshly made and frozen/thawed potato puree. All the potato puree samples were subjected to a sensory texture profile analysis and a trained panel rated the intensity of six descriptors, while an untrained panel did the same on six selected frozen/thawed products. The main SPI : INL ratio effect remained significant for all the descriptors evaluated, when the analysis of variance was applied considering the untrained assessors as random effects. However, only trained panel scores for creaminess corresponded well with untrained assessor ratings. Rheological flow index values were linked with variations in perceived consistency, and geometric and surface textural attributes were explained by structural features such as the presence of INL crystallites and SPI coarse strands.PRACTICAL APPLICATIONSA potato puree (PP) serving of 200 g with added soy protein isolate (SPI) and/or inulin (INL) concentrations of 1.5–6% provides from 3 to12 g of SPI and/or INL, respectively. The presence of SPI strands is a dominant factor in texture perception of PP with regard to mouthfeel geometric attributes (visual graininess and fibrousness) and the after‐feel attribute (mouth coating), while INL crystallites are the most important feature influencing creaminess. By adding small amounts of SPI (1.5%) together with INL at >3% increases the intensity of perceived creaminess, which was the most important descriptor in practical terms. In view of the foregoing, PP with ada'ed SPI and INL is a promising foodstuff for incorporating into a diet and in addition, even improves product structure.
TEXTURAL CHANGES OF RAW AND COOKED MUSCLE OF SHRIMP, LITOPENAEUS VANNAMEI, INFECTED WITH NECROTIZING HEPATOPANCREATITIS BACTERIUM (NHPB)
Authors: AVILA‐VILLA L.A. , GARCIA‐SANCHEZ G. , GOLLAS‐GALVAN T. , HERNANDEZ‐LOPEZ J. , LUGO‐SANCHEZ M.E. , MARTINEZ‐PORCHAS M. , PACHECO‐AGUILAR R. 
Published: June 2012

ABSTRACTAlive white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) were experimentally infected with necrotizing hepatopancreatitis bacteria (NHPB) to evaluate the effect of the infection on the postmortem texture of shrimp muscle. The infection percentage was monitored for 18 days. NHPB was propagated in 16.7, 66.7 and 86.4% of shrimp after 7th, 15th and 18th days from experimental infection. Texture profile analysis (hardness, fracturability, elasticity and cohesiveness), shear force and water‐holding capacity (WHC) were monitored in both raw and cooked shrimp muscle sampled from the live stock. No significant differences were detected among infected and healthy shrimp (raw and cooked) during the first 15 days; however, lower hardness, fracturability, elasticity, cohesiveness and WHC were detected in muscle from infected shrimp (cooked and raw) compared with that from healthy shrimp after 18 days. Results suggest that NHPB have a negative impact on the postmortem textural properties of the white shrimp, but the effect is observed only after certain period.PRACTICAL APPLICATIONSSeveral shrimp farms in Latin American countries are having necrotizing hepatopancreatitis disease problems. As postmortem texture in shrimp muscle is one of the main characteristics for their acceptance in the market and decides its quality, this article attempts to show how the disease affects the postmortem textural properties of the white shrimp muscle.
Evangelical Youth Culture: Christian Music and the Political
Authors: Young Shawn David 
Published: June 2012

AbstractEvangelical Christianity has become a powerful force in American popular media and the political arena. The reason for evangelicalism’s rise to prominence has been widely researched. Contemporary manifestations of popular evangelicalism remain connected to a mythology that can be traced to one of many expressions commonly associated with the American counterculture of the 1960s, specifically a revival of conservative Christianity known as the Jesus Movement, a new way of expressing Christian belief that largely targeted American youth. Today’s youth (not unlike youth in every generation) continue to seek identity. For the most part, the media paradigm that emerged during the 1970s and 1980s evolved into a parallel universe of evangelical culture, which operated as chief purveyor of both evangelical belief and identity. The result was a groundswell of new activity as the evangelical culture industry rallied around new, popular ways of expressing Christian belief; the most compelling example has been contemporary Christian music. This essay will focus primarily on Christian music as apotentialcausal agent in the lives of evangelical youth, and considers how these youth are formed by music while also challenging how popular music represents evangelical belief and identity.
Hebrew Bible Goddesses and Modern Feminist Scholarship
Authors: Day Peggy L. 
Published: June 2012

AbstractThis essay first traces the association of ancient goddesses with so‐called fertility cults and sacred (or cultic) prostitution to J. J. Bachofen’s once influential model of human social development, and places prefeminist Hebrew Bible/Old Testament scholarship on this trajectory. It then discusses two streams of feminist theological response to the model, a Great Goddess stream that inverted the values that traditional scholarship associated with ancient goddesses and their worship, and a revisionist stream that strove to reimage the God of the Hebrew Bible to include aspects of the feminine divine. Both streams are assessed critically from the perspective of secular feminist scholarship. Feminist scholars’ challenges to the stereotyping of Canaanite goddesses as primarily associated with sexuality and reproduction are then presented, followed by feminists’ critiques of both the relevance and veracity of the ancient sources alleged to be evidence for the practice of sacred (or cultic) prostitution. Finally, the essay turns to the texts of the Hebrew Bible/Old Testament per se and focuses on the three Hebrew Bible goddesses most discussed in the secondary literature, i.e., Asherah, Astarte/Ashtart and the Queen of Heaven.
Pathways to care for those at clinical high risk of developing psychosis
Authors: Stowkowy Jacqueline , Colijn Mark A. , Addington Jean 
Published: June 2012

AbstractAim: Understanding the pathways to care is a prerequisite for early detection in first‐episode patients with psychosis. Less in known about the pathways to care for individuals at clinical high risk for psychosis.Methods: A sample of 35 clinical high risks for psychosis individuals were administered a semistructured questionnaire inquiring about pathways to care.Results: The majority of contacts were made to general practitioners (32.8%). Various symptoms of concern were reported among the sample, the most common being depression (15.9%) followed by anxiety (11.0%). Delusions/paranoia were the most frequent symptoms associated with successful referral to contacts (14.3%).Conclusion: Education on the pathway to successful access to care and treatment in a putatively prodromal for psychosis group of individuals is valuable information that can potentially aid in a faster discovery of these individuals and their access to treatment and care.
Informal caregivers in early psychosis: evaluation of need for psychosocial intervention and unresolved grief
Authors: Mulligan John , Sellwood William , Reid Graeme S. , Riddell Suzanne , Andy Natasha 
Published: June 2012

AbstractAim: Relatives of service users involved with Early Intervention in Psychosis services often experience substantial distress and need associated with their role as caregivers. This study adapted versions of the Relatives Cardinal Needs Schedule and the Texas Inventory of Grief and tested their utility for use among relatives of service users experiencing a first episode of psychosis.Methods: Staff, service users and relatives were consulted and a pilot took place which facilitated the creation of the Relatives' Urgent Needs Schedule – Early Intervention version (RUNS‐EI) and the Texas Inventory of Grief – Early Intervention version (TIG‐EI). Thirty service user‐caregiver dyads were recruited for the evaluation of reliability and validity.Results: The level of ‘urgent need’ identified by the RUNS‐EI demonstrated good concurrent validity with measures of service user social and global functioning as well as measures assessing relatives' distress, expressed emotion and grief. The measure demonstrated acceptable interrater and test–retest reliability. The profile of need is reported. The TIG‐EI demonstrated ‘excellent’ internal consistency. It also demonstrated good concurrent validity with increased TIG‐EI scores correlated with reduced service user social and global functioning as well as increased scores on measures assessing relatives' distress, expressed emotion and caregiving needs.Conclusions: Results appear to support these assessments' utility as measures of need for psychosocial intervention and grief among relatives supporting service users experiencing a first episode of psychosis.
Efficacy and safety of sitagliptin added to ongoing metformin and rosiglitazone combination therapy in a randomized placebo‐controlled 54‐week trial in patients with type 2 diabetes (一项为期54周的对持续使用二甲双胍与罗格列酮联合治疗的2型糖尿病患者加用西格列汀治疗的有效性与安全性的随机安慰剂对照研究)*
Authors: DOBS Adrian S. , GOLDSTEIN Barry J. , ASCHNER Pablo , HORTON Edward S. , UMPIERREZ Guillermo E. , DURAN Lorraine , HILL Julie S. , CHEN Yu , GOLM Gregory T. , LANGDON Ronald B. , WILLIAMS‐HERMAN Debora E. , KAUFMAN Keith D. , AMATRUDA John M. , FERREIRA Juan Camilo ARJONA 
Published: June 2012

AbstractBackground:  New therapeutic approaches are needed to improve glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D), a progressive disorder that often requires combination therapy. The present study assessed the efficacy and safety of sitagliptin as add‐on therapy to metformin and rosiglitazone in patients with T2D.Methods:  The present study was a randomized double‐blind placebo‐controlled parallel‐group 54‐week study conducted at 41 sites across North and South America, Europe, and Asia in 278 patients with HbA1c ranging from ≥7.5% to ≤11.0% despite ongoing combination therapy with metformin (≥1500 mg/day) and rosiglitazone (≥4 mg/day). Patients were randomized (2:1) to receive sitagliptin 100 mg or placebo once daily. The main outcome measure was change from baseline in HbA1c at Week 18.Results:  Mean baseline HbA1c was 8.8%. The mean placebo‐adjusted change from baseline in HbA1c with sitagliptin treatment was −0.7% (P < 0.001) at Week 18 and −0.8% (P < 0.001) at Week 54. There were also significant (P < 0.001) reductions in 2‐h post‐meal glucose and fasting plasma glucose compared with placebo at Weeks 18 and 54. Significantly higher proportions of sitagliptin‐ than placebo‐treated patients had HbA1c<7.0% at Weeks 18 (22% vs 9%; P = 0.003) and 54 (26% vs 14%; P = 0.015). Changes in body weight and the rates of adverse events overall, hypoglycemia, and gastrointestinal adverse events were similar in the sitagliptin and placebo groups during the 54‐week study.Conclusions:  In patients with T2D, the addition of sitagliptin for 54 weeks to ongoing therapy with metformin and rosiglitazone improved glycemic control and was generally well tolerated compared with placebo.
Sociodemographic factors associated with the dental health of persons with diabetes in France
Authors: Azogui‐Lévy Sylvie , Dray‐Spira Rosemary 
Published: June 2012

ABSTRACTThis paper describes and compares the oral health status among people with and without diabetes in France, and analyzes the related socioeconomic factors. The study is based on data from the cross‐sectional national health survey conducted in France from 2002 to 2003, which included 19,231 people over 35 years of age, among whom 1,111 reported having diabetes. Data were collected through interviews that inquired about oral health status and use of dental care services, income, educational level, health insurance, place of residence, and birthplace.The prevalence of oral health problems was higher among subjects who had diabetes, compared with those who were nondiabetic (16.4% vs. 13.4%). Dental care utilization during the survey period was reported to be 8.7% among subjects who were diabetic versus 12.9% among those who were nondiabetic. The subjects with diabetes were more likely to have dental problems (OR = 1.47, CI = 1.03–2.08) and wear removable dentures (partial and complete) when their income was lower (OR = 2.17, CI = 1.52–3.10). There were social inequalities in oral health among people with diabetes in France according to income level.
CD8+T Cells Use TRAIL To Restrict West Nile Virus Pathogenesis by Controlling Infection in Neurons
Authors: Shrestha Bimmi , Pinto Amelia K. , Green Sharone , Bosch Irene , Diamond Michael S. 
Published: June 2012

ABSTRACTPrevious studies of mice have demonstrated that an orchestrated sequence of innate and adaptive immune responses is required to control West Nile virus (WNV) infection in peripheral and central nervous system (CNS) tissues. Tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL; also known as CD253) has been reported to inhibit infection with dengue virus, a closely related flavivirus, in cell culture. To determine the physiological function of TRAIL in the context of flavivirus infection, we compared the pathogenesis of WNV in wild-type andTRAIL−/−mice. Mice lacking TRAIL showed increased vulnerability and death after subcutaneous WNV infection. Although no difference in viral burden was detected in peripheral tissues, greater viral infection was detected in the brain and spinal cord at late times after infection, and this was associated with delayed viral clearance in the few survivingTRAIL−/−mice. While priming of adaptive B and T cell responses and trafficking of immune and antigen-specific cells to the brain were undistinguishable from those in normal mice, inTRAIL−/−mice, CD8+T cells showed qualitative defects in the ability to clear WNV infection. Adoptive transfer of WNV-primed wild-type but notTRAIL−/−CD8+T cells to recipient CD8−/−mice efficiently limited infection in the brain and spinal cord, and analogous results were obtained when wild-type orTRAIL−/−CD8+T cells were added to WNV-infected primary cortical neuron culturesex vivo. Collectively, our results suggest that TRAIL produced by CD8+T cells contributes to disease resolution by helping to clear WNV infection from neurons in the central nervous system.
Cohesins Repress Kaposi's Sarcoma-Associated Herpesvirus Immediate Early Gene Transcription during Latency
Authors: Chen Horng-Shen , Wikramasinghe Priyankara , Showe Louise , Lieberman Paul M. 
Published: June 2012

ABSTRACT
Chromatin-organizing factors such as CTCF and cohesins have been implicated in the control of complex viral regulatory programs. We investigated the role of CTCF and cohesins in the control of the switch from latency to the lytic cycle for Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV). We found that cohesin subunits but not CTCF are required for the repression of KSHV immediate early gene transcription. Depletion of the cohesin subunits Rad21, SMC1, and SMC3 resulted in lytic cycle gene transcription and viral DNA replication. In contrast, depletion of CTCF failed to induce lytic transcription or DNA replication. Chromatin immunoprecipitation with high-throughput sequencing (ChIP-Seq) revealed that cohesins and CTCF bound to several sites within the immediate early control region for ORF50 and to more distal 5′ sites that also regulate the divergently transcribed ORF45-ORF46-ORF47 gene cluster. Rad21 depletion led to a robust increase in ORF45, ORF46, ORF47, and ORF50 transcripts, with similar kinetics to that observed with chemical induction by sodium butyrate. During latency, the chromatin between the ORF45 and ORF50 transcription start sites was enriched in histone H3K4me3, with elevated H3K9ac at the ORF45 promoter and elevated H3K27me3 at the ORF50 promoter. A paused form of RNA polymerase II (Pol II) was loosely associated with the ORF45 promoter region during latency but was converted to an active elongating form upon reactivation induced by Rad21 depletion. Butyrate treatment caused a rapid dissociation of cohesins and loss of CTCF binding at the immediate early gene locus, suggesting that cohesins may be a direct target of butyrate-mediated lytic induction. Our findings implicate cohesins as a major repressor of KSHV lytic gene activation and show that they function coordinately with CTCF to regulate the switch between latent and lytic gene activity.
Functional Analysis of the Autographa californica Multiple Nucleopolyhedrovirus GP64 Terminal Fusion Loops and Interactions with Membranes
Authors: Dong Sicong , Blissard Gary W. 
Published: June 2012

ABSTRACT

The
Autographa californica
multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus (AcMNPV) glycoprotein GP64 is the major envelope protein of the budded virus (BV). GP64 is a class III fusion protein that mediates BV attachment to the cell surface and low-pH-triggered membrane fusion between the BV envelope and the endosome membrane during entry. Class III fusion proteins contain terminal looped structures that are believed to interact with membranes. To examine the functions of 3 loops found at the apex of the GP64 postfusion structure, we generated 2-alanine substitutions that scanned the two so-called fusion loops (loop 1 and loop 2) plus an adjacent loop structure (loop 3) that is closely attached to loop 2 and is also found at the apex of the GP64 postfusion structure. We identified essential residues from Y75 to T86 (loop 1) and N149 to H156 (loop 2) that are required for fusion activity, but no essential residues in loop 3. Further analysis revealed that critical fusion loop residues fall within two groups that are associated with either membrane merger (hemifusion) or fusion pore expansion. We next examined the interactions of soluble GP64 proteins and BV with membranes composed of various phospholipids. BV interacted directly with small unilamellar vesicles (SUVs) comprised of phospholipids phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidic acid (PC/PA) or phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylserine (PC/PS) under neutral and acidic pH. We also examined the interactions of soluble GP64 constructs containing substitutions of the most hydrophobic residues within each of the two fusion loops. We found that a 2-residue substitution in either single loop (loop 1 [positions 81 and 82] or loop 2 [positions 153 and 154]) was not sufficient to substantially reduce the GP64-liposome interaction, but the same substitutions in both fusion loops severely reduced the GP64-liposome association at neutral pH. These results suggest that critical hydrophobic residues in both fusion loops may be involved in the interaction of GP64 with host cellular membranes and direct GP64-membrane interactions may represent a receptor-binding step prior to a low-pH-triggered conformational change.
Entry of Hepatitis B Virus into Immortalized Human Primary Hepatocytes by Clathrin-Dependent Endocytosis
Authors: Huang Hsiu-Chen , Chen Chun-Chi , Chang Wen-Cheng , Tao Mi-Hua , Huang Cheng 
Published: June 2012

ABSTRACT

The lack of a suitable
in vitro
hepatitis B virus (HBV) infectivity model has limited examination of the early stages of the virus-cell interaction. In this study, we used an immortalized cell line derived from human primary hepatocytes, HuS-E/2, to study the mechanism of HBV infection. HBV infection efficiency was markedly increased after dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO)-induced differentiation of the cells. Transmission electron microscopy demonstrated the presence of intact HBV particles in DMSO-treated HBV-infected HuS-E/2 cells, which could be infected with HBV for up to at least 50 passages. The pre-S1 domain of the large HBsAg (LHBsAg) protein specifically interacted with clathrin heavy chain (CHC) and clathrin adaptor protein AP-2. Short hairpin RNA knockdown of CHC or AP-2 in HuS-E/2 cells significantly reduced their susceptibility to HBV, indicating that both are necessary for HBV infection. Furthermore, HBV entry was inhibited by chlorpromazine, an inhibitor of clathrin-mediated endocytosis. LHBsAg also interfered with the clathrin-mediated endocytosis of transferrin by human hepatocytes. This infection system using an immortalized human primary hepatocyte cell line will facilitate investigations into HBV entry and in devising therapeutic strategies for manipulating HBV-associated liver disorders.