bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pharmacological effects and pharmacokinetics properties ofRadix Scutellariaeand its bioactive flavones
Authors: Li Chenrui , Lin Ge , Zuo Zhong 
Published: September 2011

ABSTRACTRadix Scutellariaeis the dried root of the medicinal plantScutellariae baicalensisGeorgi. It exhibits a variety of therapeutic effects and has a long history of application in traditional formulations as well as in modern herbal medications. It has been confirmed that flavonoids are the most abundant constituents and induce these therapeutic effects. Six flavones are proven to be the major bioactive flavones inRadix Scutellariaeexisting in the forms of aglycones (baicalein, wogonin, oroxylin A) and glycosides (baicalin, wogonoside, oroxylin A‐7‐glucuronide). All six flavones are pharmacologically active and show great potential in the treatment of inflammation, cancers and virus‐related diseases. The current review covers the preparation of the herbRadix Scutellariae, quantification of its major bioactive ingredients, and pharmacological effects of the proposed six bioactive flavones. In addition, this review summarizes the pharmacokinetic profiles of the bioactive flavones reported so far that could be used for further improvement of their pharmacokinetic study. Moreover, due to abundant co‐occurring bioactive components inRadix Scutellariae, our review further documents the pharmacokinetic interactions among them. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Development of zebrafish epidermis
Authors: Chang Wei‐Jen , Hwang Pung‐Pung 
Published: September 2011

AbstractZebrafish epidermal ionocytes are analogous to mammalian kidney cells in terms of expression and function of ion transporters. In this review, we summarize current findings about the development of the zebrafish epidermis and demonstrate how the zebrafish regulate stress acclimation through induction of cell differentiation. In addition, cellular homologies between zebrafish epidermal ionocytes and mammalian kidney cells are presented to show the potential of zebrafish epidermis as an in vivo model to study the development and function of mammalian cells. Birth Defects Research (Part C) 93:205–214, 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The search for evolutionary developmental origins of aging in zebrafish: A novel intersection of developmental and senescence biology in the zebrafish model system
Authors: Kishi Shuji 
Published: September 2011

AbstractSenescence may be considered the antithesis of early development, but yet there may be factors and mechanisms in common between these two phenomena during the process of aging. We investigated whether any relationship exists between the regulatory mechanisms that function in early development and in senescence using the zebrafish (Danio rerio), a small freshwater fish and a useful model animal for genetic studies. We conducted experiments to isolate zebrafish mutants expressing an apparent senescence phenotype during embryogenesis (embryonic senescence). Some of the genes we thereby identified had already been associated with cellular senescence and chronological aging in other organisms, but many had not yet been linked to these processes. Complete loss‐of‐function of developmentally essential genes induce embryonic (or larval) lethality, whereas it seems like their partial loss‐of‐function (i.e., decrease‐of‐function by heterozygote or hypomorphic mutations) still remains sufficient to go through the early developmental process because of its adaptive plasticity or rather heterozygote advantage. However, in some cases, such partial loss‐of‐function of genes compromise normal homeostasis due to haploinsufficiency later in adult life having many environmental stress challenges. By contrast, any heterozygote‐advantageous genes might gain a certain benefit(s) (much more fitness) by such partial loss‐of‐function later in life. Physiological senescence may evolutionarily arise from both genetic and epigenetic drifts as well as from losing adaptive developmental plasticity in face of stress signals from the external environment that interacts with functions of multiple genes rather than effects of only a single gene mutation or defect. Previously uncharacterized developmental genes may thus mediate the aging process and play a pivotal role in senescence. Moreover, unexpected senescence‐related genes might also be involved in the early developmental process and regulation. We wish to ascertain whether we can identify such genes promptly in a comprehensive manner. The ease of manipulation using the zebrafish system allows us to conduct an exhaustive exploration of novel genes and small molecular compounds that can be linked to the senescence phenotype and thereby facilitates searching for the evolutionary and developmental origins of aging in vertebrates. Birth Defects Research (Part C) 93:229–248, 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Spectroscopic investigations of Er3+:CdO–Bi2O3–B2O3 glasses
Authors: Nageswara Raju C. , Adinarayana Reddy C. , Sailaja S. , Seo Hyo Jin , Sudhakar Reddy B. 
Published: September 2011

ABSTRACTThis article reports on the optical properties of Er3+ ions doped CdO–Bi2O3–B2O3 (CdBiB) glasses. The materials were characterized by optical absorption and emission spectra. By using Judd–Ofelt theory, the intensity parameters Ωλ (λ = 2, 4, 6) and also oscillatory strengths were calculated from the absorption spectra. The results were used to compute the radiative properties of Er3+:CdBiB glasses. The concentration quenching and energy transfer from Yb3+–Er3+ were explained. The stimulated emission cross‐section, full width at half maximum (FWHM) and FWHM ×  values are also calculated for all the Er3+:CdBiB glasses. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Study the pharmacokinetics of AV‐45 in rat plasma and metabolism in liver microsomes by ultra‐performance liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry
Authors: Yin Wei , Zhou Xue , Qiao Jinping , Zhu Lin 
Published: September 2011

ABSTRACTAn ultra‐performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometric (UPLC‐MS/MS) method was developed and validated to determine AV‐45 in rat plasma. After the addition of the internal standard benzophenone, plasma samples were pretreated by protein precipitation. Chromatographic separation was achieved on an Acquity UPLC BEH C18 column (50 × 2.1 mm, 1.7 µm) by gradient elution at a flow rate of 0.4 mL/min. Detection of analytes and internal standard (IS) was done by tandem mass spectrometry, operating in positive‐ion and multiple reaction monitoring mode. The method was fully validated for its sensitivity, selectivity, accuracy and precision, matrix effect and stability study. The calibration curve showed good linearity over the concentration range 2.00–1000 ng/mL for AV‐45. Intra‐ and inter‐day precisions were less than 7.6%, and accuracy ranged from 100.6 to 107.8%. There was no matrix effect. The validated method was successfully applied to a pharmacokinetic study of AV‐45 in rats. Additionally, the metabolism of AV‐45 in rat liver microsomes was also studied by ultra‐performance liquid chromatography combined with time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry (UPLC/TOF‐MS). With the help of chromatographic behavior and accurate mass measurements, the metabolites were characterized. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Analysis of anti‐inflammatory dehydrodiisoeugenol and metabolites excreted in rat feces and urine using HPLC‐UV
Authors: Li Fei , Yang Xiu‐Wei 
Published: September 2011

ABSTRACTDehydrodiisoeugenol (DDIE) is a lignan in the fruit of Myristica fragrans. It can be converted into several metabolites in in vitro and in vivo metabolism. In this study, the excretion of DDIE in urine and feces was investigated after intravenous (i.v.) and intragastric (i.g.) administration to rats. DDIE and its metabolites (M‐1 and M‐2) were measured using HPLC. The amount of DDIE and its metabolites excreted was higher in feces than in urine, suggesting that DDIE and its metabolites are eliminated primarily in the feces. Significant differences in the excretion levels of DDIE and its metabolites were seen between i.v. and i.g. administration. Greater amounts of DDIE and its metabolites were excreted following i.v. administration, suggesting that DDIE can exert a longer period of anti‐inflammatory activity following i.g. administration. The accuracy, precision, recovery and stability of the analytical method in this study were satisfactory for the measurement of DDIE and its metabolites in rat urine and feces. Observations made in this study will contribute to understanding of the absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion pathway of DDIE and will aid decision‐making regarding the best mode of DDIE administration during treatment to maximize its anti‐inflammatory effects. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
ChemInform Abstract: Ternary Stannides RE3Ru4Sn13 (RE: La, Ce, Pr, Nd) — Structure, Magnetic Properties, and 119Sn Moessbauer Spectroscopy.
Authors: Mishra Trinath , Schwickert Christian , Langer Thorsten , Poettgen Rainer 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThe title compounds are prepared by arc melting of the elements and characterized by powder and single crystal XRD, 119Sn Moessbauer spectroscopy, and magnetic measurements.
ChemInform Abstract: The High‐Temperature Polymorphs of K3AlF6.
Authors: King Graham , Abakumov Artem M. , Woodward Patrick M. , Llobet Anna , Tsirlin Alexander A. , Batuk Dmitry , Antipov Evgeny V. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThe crystal structures of the three high‐temperature polymorphs of the title compound are determined by neutron powder diffraction, synchrotron powder XRD, and electron diffraction.
ChemInform Abstract: Tunable Full‐Color Emitting BaMg2Al6Si9O30:Eu2+, Tb3+, Mn2+ Phosphors Based on Energy Transfer.
Authors: Lue Wei , Hao Zhendong , Zhang Xia , Luo Yongshi , Wang Xiaojun , Zhang Jiahua 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThe title phosphors are synthesized by solid state reactions of BaCO3, Al2O3, SiO2, MgO, Eu2O3, Tb4O7, and MnCO3 (10% H2/N2 stream, 1300 °C, 4 h).
ChemInform Abstract: Unprecedented Robust Antiferromagnetism in Fluorinated Hexagonal Perovskites.
Authors: Sturza Mihai , Kabbour Houria , Daviero‐Minaud Sylvie , Filimonov Dmitry , Pokholok Konstantin , Tiercelin Nicolas , Porcher Florence , Aldon Laurent , Mentre Olivier 
Published: September 2011

AbstractSamples of 15R‐BaFeFxO3‐δ (0.15 ≤ x ≤ 0.35) and 6H‐Ba0.8Sr0.2FeFxO3‐ δ (0.15 ≤ x ≤ 0.25) are prepared by solid state reaction of stoichiometric mixtures of BaO2, SrO2, Fe2O3, and BaF2 (900—950 °C, 48 h).
ChemInform Abstract: Local and Average Structures and Magnetic Properties of Sr2FeMnO5+y, y = 0.0, 0.5. Comparisons with Ca2FeMnO5 and the Effect of the A‐Site Cation.
Authors: Ramezanipour Farshid , Greedan John E. , Siewenie Joan , Proffen Th. , Ryan Dominic H. , Grosvenor Andrew P. , Donaberger Ronald L. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThe title compounds are synthesized from stoichiometric amounts of SrCO3, CaCO3, Fe2O3, and Mn2O3 either in air or in argon (1250 °C, 100 h).
ChemInform Abstract: LiSbO2: Synthesis, Structures, Stability, and Lithium‐Ion Conductivity.
Authors: de Laune Benjamin P. , Bayliss Ryan D. , Greaves Colin 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThe title compound is synthesized from a mixture of Sb2O3 and Li2O (Ag tubes, 500 °C, 48—72 h).
ChemInform Abstract: Low‐Temperature Vacuum Reduction of BiMnO3.
Authors: Belik Alexei A. , Matsushita Yoshitaka , Tanaka Masahiko , Takayama‐Muromachi Eiji 
Published: September 2011

AbstractAn oxygen‐deficient BiMnO2.81 sample in bulk form is prepared by low‐temperature vacuum reduction of stoichiometric BiMnO3 (10‐4—10‐3 Pa, 570—600 K, 5 h).
ChemInform Abstract: Nanospheres of a New Intermetallic FeSn5 Phase: Synthesis, Magnetic Properties and Anode Performance in Li‐Ion Batteries.
Authors: Wang Xiao‐Liang , Feygenson Mikhail , Chen Haiyan , Lin Chia‐Hui , Ku Wei , Bai Jianming , Aronson Meigan C. , Tyson Trevor A. , Han Wei‐Qiang 
Published: September 2011

AbstractFe0.74Sn5 nanospheres are synthesized from a mixture of Sn nanospheres (obtained by reduction of SnCl2 with NaBH4 in tetraethylene glycol at 170 °C) and FeCl3 in tetraethylene glycol (205 °C, 2 h).
ChemInform Abstract: Intermetallic REPtZn Compounds with TiNiSi‐Type Structure.
Authors: Mishra Trinath , Poettgen Rainer 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThe compounds LnPtZn (Ln: Y, Pr, Nd, Gd—Tm) are prepared from the elements by high‐frequency melting (Ta tubes, 1500 K) followed by annealing (1120 K, 4 h) and quenching.
ChemInform Abstract: Ruthenium‐Catalyzed [2 + 2] Intramolecular Cycloaddition of Allenenes.
Authors: Gulias Moises , Collado Alba , Trillo Beatriz , Lopez Fernando , Onate Enrique , Esteruelas Miguel A. , Mascarenas Jose L. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThe previously unnoticed Ru complex activates the title reaction which proceeds under mild conditions and is fully diastereoselective.
ChemInform Abstract: Silica Sulfuric Acid‐Promoted Deacylation of α‐Bromo‐β‐diketones.
Authors: Aoyama Tadashi , Kubota Sho , Takido Toshio , Kodomari Mitsuo 
Published: September 2011

AbstractA mild procedure for the deacetylation and debenzoylation of α‐bromo diketones promoted by silica sulfuric acid is developed.
ChemInform Abstract: Control of 6‐exo and 7‐endo Cyclizations of Alkynylamides Using Platinum and Bismuth Catalysts.
Authors: Girard Anne‐Lise , Enomoto Taro , Yokouchi Shinsuke , Tsukano Chihiro , Takemoto Yoshiji 
Published: September 2011

AbstractIn the presence of Bi(O‐Tf)3 alkynylamides of type (I) are found to undergo 6‐exo cyclization to afford piperazinones like (II).
ChemInform Abstract: From Bifunctional to Trifunctional (Tricomponent Nucleophile—Transition Metal—Lewis Acid) Catalysis: The Catalytic, Enantioselective α‐Fluorination of Acid Chlorides.
Authors: Erb Jeremy , Paull Daniel H. , Dudding Travis , Belding Lee , Lectka Thomas 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThe trifunctional catalytic system allows efficient and highly enantioselective α‐fluorination of a wide range of acid chlorides.
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric Organocatalytic Monofluorovinylations.
Authors: Jacobsen Christian Borch , Nielsen Martin , Worgull Dennis , Zweifel Theo , Fisker Esben , Joergensen Karl Anker 
Published: September 2011

AbstractDepending on catalyst and reducing agent used, selective formation of (R)‐ or (S)‐ and (E)‐ or (Z)‐configurated products is possible.
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric Au‐Catalyzed Domino Cyclization/Nucleophile Addition Reactions of Enynes in the Presence of Water, Methanol and Electron‐Rich Aromatic Derivatives.
Authors: Pradal Alexandre , Chao Chung‐Meng , Vitale Maxime R. , Toullec Patrick Y. , Michelet Veronique 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThe cyclization of 1,6‐enynes in the presence of external or internal nucleophiles proceeds in good yields.
ChemInform Abstract: Readily Available Hydrogen Bond Catalysts for the Asymmetric Transfer Hydrogenation of Nitroolefins.
Authors: Schneider Jakob F. , Lauber Markus B. , Muhr Vanessa , Kratzer Domenic , Paradies Jan 
Published: September 2011

AbstractA variety of bifunctional hydroxyalkyl—thiourea derivatives is prepared and studied as catalysts in the transfer hydrogenation of various nitroolefins with Hantzsch tert‐butyl ester.
ChemInform Abstract: Sulfonic Acid Resin and Copper Salts: A Novel Heterogeneous Catalytic System for Direct Hydroxylation of Haloarenes.
Authors: Joseph P. J. Amal , Priyadarshini S. , Kantam M. Lakshmi , Maheswaran H. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThe corresponding phenols in excellent yields, a wide range of functional groups is tolerated.
ChemInform Abstract: Highly Diastereoselective Chelation‐Controlled Additions to α‐Silyloxy Ketones.
Authors: Stanton Gretchen R. , Koz Gamze , Walsh Patrick J. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractIn the presence of an alkyl zinc halide Lewis acid, the addition of dialkylzincs and (E)‐di‐, (E)‐tri‐, and (Z)‐disubstituted vinylzinc reagents to α‐silyloxy ketones proceeds chelation‐controlled to give syn‐diol products with diastereoselectivities of < 95%.
ChemInform Abstract: N‐Prolinylanthranilic Acid Derivatives as Bifunctional Organocatalysts for Asymmetric Aldol Reactions.
Authors: Pearson Anthony J. , Panda Santanu 
Published: September 2011

AbstractSeveral N‐prolinylanthranilic acid derivatives can be used as bifunctional organocatalysts in the direct asymmetric aldol reaction of cyclohexanone with aromatic aldehydes.
ChemInform Abstract: Reactions of Fluorinated Silanes with 2‐Nitrocinnamates.
Authors: Zemtsov Artem A. , Levin Vitalij V. , Dilman Alexander D. , Struchkova Marina I. , Tartakovsky Vladimir A. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThe title reactions proceed as conjugate addition of fluorinated carbanion to the C=C double bond furnishing 3‐aryl‐2‐nitrobutanoates (III).
ChemInform Abstract: Efficient One‐Pot Formation of Substituted γ‐Amino Acids.
Authors: El‐Sayed Mardia T. , Abbas Muhammad , Hilgeroh Andreas 
Published: September 2011

AbstractA series of novel substituted γ‐amino acids (III) is prepared by an one‐pot reaction of imines (I) and a homoenolate, generated in situ from the hemiacetal (II).
ChemInform Abstract: Direct Transformation of N,N‐Disubstituted Amides and Isopropyl Esters to Nitriles.
Authors: Suzuki Yusuke , Yoshino Takumi , Moriyama Katsuhiko , Togo Hideo 
Published: September 2011

AbstractTreatment of various tertiary amides with DIBAL‐H, followed by reaction with aqueous ammonia and iodine, provides access towards nitriles, e.g. (II) and (V), in moderate to good yields.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐Catalyzed Cycloisomerizations of Diarylacetylenes: Synthesis, Structures, and Physical Properties of Highly Substituted Naphthalenes and 8,8a‐Dihydrocyclopenta[a]indenes.
Authors: Wu Tsun‐Cheng , Tai Chia‐Cheng , Tiao Hsin‐Chieh , Chang Yu‐Ting , Liu Chia‐Chun , Li Ching‐Hsiu , Huang Cheng‐Hao , Kuo Ming‐Yu , Wu Yao‐Ting 
Published: September 2011

AbstractScope and limitations of a new cyclotrimerization process are studied.
ChemInform Abstract: One‐Pot Synthesis of Chiral Azetidines from Chloroaldehyde and Chiral Amines.
Authors: Orr Suvi T. M. , Cabral Shawn , Fernando Dilinie P. , Makowski Teresa 
Published: September 2011

AbstractA convenient one‐pot two‐step procedure allows the synthesis of azetidinepiperidines via imine formation and subsequent reductive cyclization.
ChemInform Abstract: Discovery of Molecules for the Treatment of Neuropathic Pain: Synthesis, Antiallodynic and Antihyperalgesic Activity of 5‐(4‐Nitrophenyl)furoic‐2‐acid Hydrazones.
Authors: Yogeeswari Perumal , Menon Niloufer , Semwal Arvind , Arjun Muralidharan , Sriram Dharmarajan 
Published: September 2011

AbstractAldehydes and ketones (III) react with hydrazide (II) under microwave irradiation to furoic acid hydrazones (IV), which cause antinociceptive actions in the peripheral nerve injury model of neuropathic pain.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium/2,2′‐bipyridyl/Ag2CO3 Catalyst for C—H Bond Arylation of Heteroarenes with Haloarenes.
Authors: Yanagisawa Shuichi , Itami Kenichiro 
Published: September 2011

AbstractOptimized conditions including an air‐stable Pd‐complex as precatalyst are developed for the regioselective arylation.
ChemInform Abstract: Studies on Lewis‐Acid Mediated Domino Reaction of N‐Protected Bromomethylindoles with Arenes/Heteroarenes.
Authors: Dhayalan Vasudevan , Sureshbabu Radhakrishnan , Mohanakrishnan Arasambattu K. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThe ZnBr2‐mediated arylation of N‐protected bromomethyl‐substituted indoles of type (I), (VIII), or (X) leads to arylated indoles which may form the corresponding cyclized products of type (VI), (VII), (IX), or (XII) in a domino‐type reaction sequence.
ChemInform Abstract: Pyrrolidine‐2,3,4‐tricarboxylic Anhydrides. Part 1. Organocatalytic Synthesis and Fusion of Pyrrole Ring by the Action of p‐Fluorobenzylamine.
Authors: Kudryavtsev K. V. , Trofimova E. V. , Borisova A. O. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractOctahydropyrrolo[3,4‐b]pyrroles (V) are synthesized by 1,3‐dipolar addition of maleic anhydride (II) to benzylidene amino acid esters (I) followed by opening of the anhydride fragment and recyclization.
ChemInform Abstract: Novel Vilsmeier‐Type Methylenation for Synthesis of Dipyrazolylmethane Derivatives Using Formamide or N‐Methylformamide.
Authors: Wong Fung Fuh , Huang Yu‐Ying 
Published: September 2011

AbstractA variety of substituted dipyrazolylmethane derivatives (III) and (VI) is prepared by Vilsmeier‐type reaction of pyrazolones with formamide (II) or N‐methylformamide (IV) in the presence of phosphorus oxychloride.
ChemInform Abstract: Stable Azomethine Imines Derived from Pyrazolidin‐3‐one and Their Cycloaddition to N‐Arylmaleimides.
Authors: Koptelov Yu. B. , Sednev M. V. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractReaction of stable (Z)‐azomethine imines (I) and (VII) with N‐arylmaleimides gives predominantly or exclusively trans‐adducts.
ChemInform Abstract: Design, Synthesis and Antidiabetic Evaluation of Oxazolone Derivatives.
Authors: Mariappan G. , Saha B. P. , Datta Sriparna , Kumar Deepak , Haldar P. K. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractTen novel oxazolone derivatives (III) are synthesized and assayed in vivo for their antidiabetic activities.
ChemInform Abstract: Identification of 5‐Arylidene‐4‐thiazolidinone Derivatives Endowed with Dual Activity as Aldose Reductase Inhibitors and Antioxidant Agents for the Treatment of Diabetic Complications.
Authors: Ottana Rosaria , et al. et al. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractKnoevenagel condensation and subsequent N‐alkylation provide the first series of the title derivatives (V), while the synthesis of the second series is carried out by means of a multi‐step procedure starting from phenylisothiocyanate.
ChemInform Abstract: One‐Pot, Four‐Component Synthesis of Fully Substituted 1,3,4‐Oxadiazole Derivatives from (Isocyanoimino)triphenylphosphorane, a Primary Amine, an Aromatic Carboxylic Acid, and Chloroacetone.
Authors: Ramazani Ali , Nasrabadi Fatemeh Zeinali , Ahmadi Yavar 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThe reaction is applied to a variety of benzylic amines and allylamine and tolerates a range of functional groups in the carboxylic acids.
ChemInform Abstract: FeCl3·6H2O‐Catalyzed Bromocyclization to Access Functionalized Dihydropyrans.
Authors: Xie Mei‐Hua , Zhao Xin‐Yang , Lin Gao‐Feng , Zhang Jin‐Hua 
Published: September 2011

AbstractFe‐catalyzed bromocyclization of polysubstituted 2,5‐hexadiene‐1‐ols (I) provides a simple and efficient access to functionalized tetrasubstituted dihydropyrans.
ChemInform Abstract: Reductive Studies on 3‐Oxidopyrylium‐Alkene [5 + 2] Cycloadducts: Access to Some Hydroxy Cycloheptenoids.
Authors: Yadav Arun A. , Krishna Urlam Murali , Sarang Prajakta S. , Patil Prashant S. , Trivedi Girish K. , Salunkhe Manikrao M. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThe oxo‐bridge in compounds (II) and (V) is easily removed under standard conditions [cf.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective Amine‐Catalyzed [4 + 2] Annulations of Allenoates and Oxo‐dienes: An Asymmetric Synthesis of Dihydropyrans.
Authors: Wang Xiaojun , Fang Tong , Tong Xiaofeng 
Published: September 2011

AbstractAsymmetric [4 + 2] cycloaddition of enones (I) to allenoate (II) proceeds with high enantioselectivity (up to 92% e.e.) in the presence of a quinine‐derived organocatalyst.
ChemInform Abstract: Visible Light Photocatalysis of Radical Anion Hetero‐Diels—Alder Cycloadditions.
Authors: Hurtley Anna E. , Cismesia Megan A. , Ischay Michael A. , Yoon Tehshik P. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThe photochemical intramolecular cycloaddition of tethered bis(enones) proceeds with high regio‐ and diastereoselectivity.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of [2′‐Oxo‐2,3‐dihydro‐3′H‐spiro[chromene‐4,5′‐ [1,3]oxazolidin]‐3′yl]acetic Acid Derivatives as Aldose Reductase Inhibitors.
Authors: Rapposelli Simona , Da Settimo Frederico , Digiacomo Maria , La Motta Concettina , Lapucci Annalina , Sartini Stefania , Vanni Michael 
Published: September 2011

AbstractA series of the title spirocyclic benzopyran derivatives (XI) (12 examples) is synthesized, which all prove to be selective inhibitors of aldose reductase (ARL2).