bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Etrasimod on Fecal Calprotectin and High-sensitivity C-reactive Protein: Results From the ELEVATE UC Clinical Program
Authors: Jairath Vipul , Rubin David T , Verstockt Bram , Çekin Ayhan H , Abreu Maria T , Lees Charlie W , Fellmann Marc , Woolcott John C , Crosby Catherine , Wu Joseph , Bhattacharjee Abhishek , Herman David , Gu Guibao , Siegmund Britta 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background
Biomarkers offer potential alternatives to endoscopies in monitoring ulcerative colitis (UC) progression and therapeutic response. This post hoc analysis of the ELEVATE UC clinical program assessed potential predictive values of fecal calprotectin (fCAL) and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) as biomarkers and associated responses to etrasimod, an oral, once-daily, selective sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P)1,4,5 receptor modulator for the treatment of moderately to severely active UC, in 2 phase 3 clinical trials.

Methods
In ELEVATE UC 52 and ELEVATE UC 12, patients were randomized 2:1 to 2 mg of etrasimod once daily or placebo for 52 or 12 weeks, respectively. Fecal calprotectin/hsCRP differences between responders and nonresponders for efficacy end points (clinical remission, clinical response, endoscopic improvement-histologic remission [EIHR]) were assessed by Wilcoxon P-values. Sensitivity and specificity were presented as receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curves with area under the curve (AUC).

Results
In ELEVATE UC 52 and ELEVATE UC 12, 289 and 238 patients received etrasimod and 144 and 116 received placebo, respectively. Baseline fCAL/hsCRP concentrations were generally balanced. Both trials had lower week-12 median fCAL levels in week-12 responders vs nonresponders receiving etrasimod for clinical remission, clinical response, and EIHR (all P &lt; .001), with similar trends for hsCRP levels (all P &lt; .01). For etrasimod, AUCs for fCAL/hsCRP and EIHR were 0.85/0.74 (week 12; ELEVATE UC 52), 0.83/0.69 (week 52; ELEVATE UC 52), and 0.80/0.65 (week 12; ELEVATE UC 12).

Conclusions
Fecal calprotectin/hsCRP levels decreased with etrasimod treatment; ROC analyses indicated a prognostic correlation between fCAL changes during induction and short-/long-term treatment response.
Model order reduction in parallel of discrete-time linear systems based on Meixner and Krawtchouk polynomials
Authors: Xu Kang-Li , Li Zhen , Jiang Yao-Lin , Li Li 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
In this paper, based on the partition technique, we use Meixner and Krawtchouk polynomials to present an input-independent model order reduction method. Our main contributions are twofold. First, the explicit difference relations of Meixner polynomials and Krawtchouk polynomials are expressed in an unified form. The parallel computation is carried out on the partitioned subsystems using the Krylov subspaces by which one can generate reduced systems independent of the expansion coefficients of input and can save the computation time. Second, a parallel adaptive enrichment strategy is used to choose the reduced order of reduced systems. Theoretical analysis shows that the proposed method characterizes the property of invariable coefficients. Finally, two numerical examples demonstrate that the proposed method achieves good reduction results in terms of accuracy and reduced CPU time.
Integrating computer vision algorithms and RFID system for identification and tracking of group-housed animals: an example with pigs
Authors: Mora Mónica , Piles Miriam , David Ingrid , Rosa Guilherme J M 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Precision livestock farming aims to individually and automatically monitor animal activity to ensure their health, well-being, and productivity. Computer vision has emerged as a promising tool for this purpose. However, accurately tracking individuals using imaging remains challenging, especially in group housing where animals may have similar appearances. Close interaction or crowding among animals can lead to the loss or swapping of animal IDs, compromising tracking accuracy. To address this challenge, we implemented a framework combining a tracking-by-detection method with a radio frequency identification (RFID) system. We tested this approach using twelve pigs in a single pen as an illustrative example. Three of the pigs had distinctive natural coat markings, enabling their visual identification within the group. The remaining pigs either shared similar coat color patterns or were entirely white, making them visually indistinguishable from each other. We employed the latest version of the You Only Look Once (YOLOv8) and BoT-SORT algorithms for detection and tracking, respectively. YOLOv8 was fine-tuned with a dataset of 3,600 images to detect and classify different pig classes, achieving a mean average precision of all the classes of 99%. The fine-tuned YOLOv8 model and the tracker BoT-SORT were then applied to a 166.7-min video comprising 100,018 frames. Results showed that pigs with distinguishable coat color markings could be tracked 91% of the time on average. For pigs with similar coat color, the RFID system was used to identify individual animals when they entered the feeding station, and this RFID identification was linked to the image trajectory of each pig, both backward and forward. The two pigs with similar markings could be tracked for an average of 48.6 min, while the seven white pigs could be tracked for an average of 59.1 min. In all cases, the tracking time assigned to each pig matched the ground truth 90% of the time or more. Thus, our proposed framework enabled reliable tracking of group-housed pigs for extended periods, offering a promising alternative to the independent use of image or RFID approaches alone. This approach represents a significant step forward in combining multiple devices for animal identification, tracking, and traceability, particularly when homogeneous animals are kept in groups.
Deaf adolescents’ quality of life: a questionnaire in Italian Sign Language
Authors: Gragnaniello Manuela , Gianfreda Gabriele , Pennacchi Barbara , Lucioli Tommaso , Resca Alessandra , Tomasuolo Elena , Rinaldi Pasquale 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
For some deaf people, sign language is the preferred language, the one in which they feel most comfortable. However, there are very few assessment tools developed or adapted for sign languages. The aim of this study was to translate and adapt in Italian Sign Language (LIS) the Italian version of the Youth Quality of Life Instrument—Deaf and Hard of Hearing Module (YQOL-DHH). The YQOL-DHH is a questionnaire assessing health-related quality of life in young deaf people. The guidelines provided by the authors of the original version were followed. Further controls and changes were made to take into account variability in signers’ linguistic skills. This work and availability of the YQOL-DHH questionnaire in LIS, in addition to the Italian version, will ensure accessibility for Italian deaf adolescents.
Pneumo-peritoneum, pneumo-retroperitoneum and subcutaneous emphysema following endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography with sphincterotomy—an uncommon complication case report
Authors: Premakrishna S , Gobishangar Sreekanthan , Nilojan Jude Selvakumar , Vaikunthan Gnanapragasam , Thirunavukkarasu Jothini 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is invasive for pancreaticobiliary diseases. Perforation is a rare but severe complication among its associated risks. A 45-year-old female with biliary colic and multiple gallbladder calculi was diagnosed with choledocholithiasis based on imaging showing CBD dilation and gallstones. ERCP was planned for stone removal. Sphincterotomy was performed, but stone retrieval attempts failed, leading to severe pneumo-peritoneum and respiratory compromise. Immediate CBD stenting was done, avoiding surgical intervention. The patient recovered uneventfully, later undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy with CBD exploration and stone removal. ERCP-related perforations, rare but severe, involve retroperitoneal air collection. Clinical signs include abdominal discomfort, and imaging confirms diagnosis. Management varies by type, with some requiring surgical repair. Conservative management sufficed in this case, with successful patient recovery. ERCP-related complications like pneumo-peritoneum require prompt diagnosis and conservative management if no perforation is evident.
Experiences of young women in the practice of squirting: a descriptive qualitative study
Authors: Cutillas-Blasco Selene , Ruiz-Gonzalez Cristofer , Rueda-Ruzafa Lola , Ropero-Padilla Carmen , Roman Pablo , Rodriguez-Arrastia Miguel 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background
While female ejaculation is viewed as a potential enhancer of women’s sexual experiences and their relationships with their sexual partners, existing studies to date emphasize the need for further exploration of the squirting phenomenon.

Aim
The study sought to explore experiences and perceptions about the phenomenon of squirting in young adult women.

Methods
A descriptive qualitative study was conducted. Semi-structured, in-depth interviews were conducted between December 2022 and March 2023. Seventeen young adult women who experienced squirting were recruited using a convenience and snowball sampling. ATLAS.ti v.9 software was used for a thematic analysis of the interview data. The study adhered to the recommendations for reporting qualitative research (Standards for Reporting Qualitative Research).

Outcomes
The outcomes included (1) exploring factors influencing initial squirting experiences, (2) insights gained through squirting experiences, (3) communication as the cornerstone in sexual relationships, and (4) resources and sources for knowledge on the squirting phenomenon.

Results
After the analysis of the results, the following subthemes emerged: (1) first perceptions on squirting, (2) facilitating factors, (3) physical sensations and psychological aspects in squirting experience, (4) sources of information about squirting and (5) addressing squirting in comprehensive sex education.

Clinical Implications
Frontline healthcare providers should undergo specific training to address anxiety related to squirting among certain individuals and enhance societal awareness while offering emotional support for diverse sexual response variations.

Strengths and Limitations
Acknowledging limitations in our study of young women’s experiences with squirting, a more diverse sample could provide alternative insights. Despite this, our findings contribute valuable knowledge, suggesting avenues for professional training to promote sexual and reproductive health in a more realistic and sensitive manner.

Conclusion
This study explored the emotional and psychological effects of squirting on women’s sexual experiences, ranging from heightened arousal to feelings of humiliation and embarrassment. It emphasized the importance of a partner’s reaction in interpreting the event and the limited understanding of squirting, often influenced by pornography.
A common chord: to what extent can small urban green space support people and songbirds?
Authors: Hayes Hursh Sheryl , Perry Elizabeth E , Drake David 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Large, vegetatively diverse, and connected green space is often considered essential to conservation. Yet, these criteria can be impractical when applied to densely populated or under-resourced urban areas and evoke mixed sentiments from people. Conventional urban green space is often smaller, minimally vegetated, and contains open mowed areas that are inadequate for many wildlife species and fail to provide opportunities for nature connection in biodiverse environments. As songbirds are well liked and globally distributed, they present an opportunity to rethink urban green spaces, particularly small urban green spaces, that contain landscape qualities where the needs of people and songbirds converge. We conducted a comprehensive search of peer-reviewed publications to examine the natural, structural, and anthropogenic factors associated with songbird richness in small (&lt;2 ha) urban green spaces. Overall, small urban green spaces that incorporated a variety of habitats and native plant species, particularly trees, supported songbird richness. In some cases, songbird richness in small green spaces was equivalent to richness reported in larger green spaces. Interestingly, connectivity between green spaces was not significant in the majority of articles that examined the factor. This outcome removes a possible obstruction to green space allocation and has the potential to jumpstart the placement of green space into historically and perpetually under-resourced communities. Finally, associations with anthropogenic factors had few positive associations with songbird richness, but this category of factors was also reported the least often. Collectively, these results provide feasible options to improve human health, nature connections, and songbird conservation.
Theology, Migration, and Environmental Change
Authors: Slater Gary 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This chapter examines the relationship among theology, migration, and environmental change. The chapter focuses first on the migration-environment relationship, which has received greater attention among scholars and the general public. It then surveys the less-commented-upon theological implications of that relationship in the form of some existing projects and potential further lines of inquiry. A key observation is that although the relationship between migration and environmental change manifests itself in multiple discourses—scientific, humanitarian, security, religious, and journalistic—and has been the subject of many empirical projects, the engagement with the topic has been riven with discrepancies in both academic and public contexts. Despite a consensus among scholars that the environmental impact on migration is measured and difficult to isolate, albeit real and important, public narratives of climate-caused cross-border migration “invasion” or “flood” persist. Interrogating such narratives not only requires engaging with deep assumptions about migration and environmental change; it is also a gateway to exploring the issue’s theological dimension, which takes the form of asking how care for the human and nonhuman other can meet within the commitments of a given faith tradition.
The Ebbs and Flows of Online Music Genres
Authors: Whelan Andrew , Nowak Raphaël 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The chapter critically discusses how the category of “music genre” is understood and theorized in the digital era. It first reviews the scholarly conceptualization of the category of music genre, particularly in the discipline of sociology, notably through an emphasis on the negotiation of genre conventions that constitute the category. It then situates genres categories in relation to, and opposition with, categories such as global pop and World Music. Drawing on this initial discussion, the chapter goes on to explore how the affordances of different digital technologies contribute to redefining the understanding and boundaries of music genres. The authors draw on particular examples of online music genres to highlight the increasing pace at which conventions evolve, as well as the discursive inputs of members of the genre communities.
Hebrews, the Catholic Epistles, and the Arithmetic of Canon Lists
Authors: Rothschild Clare K. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Early Christianity shows evidence of only modest commitments to numerological theology. By the fourth century, however, at about the same time as New Testament canon lists flower, Christian interest in numerological symbolism blossoms. The impetus for both developments may be the same. Late antique Christian writers repeatedly condemn the magical use of numbers as associated with Babylonian sources, Pythagoreans, philosophers (e.g., neo-Platonism), and so-called gnostics. At the same time, they use it. Medieval theologians demonstrate a clear interest in establishing numerical relationships between the divine and human realms. This so-called theology of numbers endorses the divine power inherent in integers. Exegesis of the Gospel of John and Johannine writings, including Revelation, was popular, insofar as these texts contain deliberate number symbolism. The Apocalypse of Peter and the Shepherd of Hermas too received attention for their ample numerological references. In addition to exegesis, medieval theologians express interest in the numerical symbolism of the organization of biblical writings. In the twelfth century, faith in numbers as symbols, together with a determination to find number symbolism in the organization of the Bible, soars. This essay considers the extent to which medieval theologians in their discussion of the canon are building on late antique antecedents and explores the hypothesis that numerology and concepts of proportion played a greater role in the articulation of “God’s plan” as it relates to Hebrews and the Catholic Epistles than has hitherto been realized.
Awe, Wonder, and the Emotional Substrates of Religious Experience
Authors: Fuller Robert C. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This chapter examines the role of emotions in religious experience. Scientific studies of emotion provide significant insight into how different emotions (e.g., fear, guilt, awe, wonder) causally influence human thought and feeling. There really is no such thing as an emotion-free experience. It is instead a matter of which specific emotion is present and how strongly it was evoked. Emotions such as fear and guilt underlie many religious experiences as evidenced by the ubiquity of petitionary prayer and rituals of contrition or penance. The emotions of awe and wonder are, however, the two emotions that produce the cognitive and affective characteristics associated with mystical religious experience. Awe and wonder evoke vivid sensations of being engulfed by an ineffable “more,” stimulate abstract or metaphysical contemplation, and enhance ethical sensibilities. This overview of the modern study of emotions helps us understand the mix of biological and cultural factors underlying religious experience.
On Summoning the Gods to Visual Appearance
Authors: Asprem Egil 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This chapter considers a cross-historical selection of cases from the ritual magical traditions and discusses explanations of how such practices may produce subjectively convincing experiences of otherworldly beings on the one hand, and methodological questions of how we might best study them on the other. The chapter argues that our best model is found in the framework of predictive processing, through which magical ritual should be seen as an expectation management technology that manipulates material-environmental, sensory-motor, and ideational/conceptual processes in ways that set the practitioner up for certain kinds of perception-like experiences. The picture emerging is that magical ritual produces (hetero)phenomenologically similar experience narratives through a variety of different techniques, which include elements such as sensory deprivation, hallucinogenic substances, (auto)hypnosis, hypnagogic states, and visualization, but are always grounded in a material-semiotic dimension through which things, gestures, and sensations are imbued with meanings that point towards an otherworldly reality.
Introduction
Authors: Chowrimootoo Christopher , Guthrie Kate 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Recent years have witnessed an explosion of scholarly interest in the middlebrow. Where previously it attracted downright hostility, scholars have begun to interrogate the middlebrow’s history. In addition to building a more nuanced historical picture, they have asked why it was such an uncomfortable category, and what its occlusion in scholarship has meant for historiography. This volume brings together scholars from a range of disciplinary backgrounds to delve more deeply into these questions and to ask how reanimating the middlebrow might radically reshape our understanding of music history. Using the paradigmatic Leonard Bernstein as an entry point, this chapter introduces the values, practices, and debates that have shaped the middlebrow over the past 150 years. It explores why, from the late nineteenth century, commentators, creatives, and audiences began organizing culture into “highbrow” and “lowbrow”; and it traces how, from the outset, these categories were complicated by middlebrow institutions, artworks, and reception modes that fell “in between.” The chapter reveals how and why imagined distinctions between highbrow and lowbrow were traditionally endorsed by the academy—notably, in the subdisciplinary separation of art from popular music studies. Viewing long-standing musicological antipathy toward the middlebrow as a further product of this polarized outlook, it begins to stake the ground for middlebrow studies within musicology. Ultimately, the middlebrow emerges as a vital critical apparatus in the pursuit of a more variegated and inclusive history of twentieth-century culture.
Noisy Feeds
Authors: Macklem Michelle 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This chapter critically analyzes the place of noncommercial podcasting created by artists and makers who use sound to examine their environments, identity, and interconnectedness. The chapter traces the history of early field recordists from their association with colonial practices to the use of field recording to subvert these practices and create Indigenous agency. It argues that new audio devices and platforms have made it easier to share and connect personal recordings and to record complex spur-of-the-moment acts of witnessing. The chapter draws on primary research with artists and practitioners in the field who are actively using podcasts as a method of disseminating their work or building community around shared values of listening and building greater understanding and mutual belonging.
The Invisible Art of Audio Storytelling
Authors: McHugh Siobhán 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Narrative podcasts and radio documentaries are a built form, as carefully crafted as a good film. They apply the grammar, logic, and aesthetics of the audio medium to storytelling technique, paying particular attention to tone, texture, and temporality. This chapter examines the poetics of sound by conceptualizing the craft behind the making of three accomplished audio stories to deepen the way that both creatives and their audiences can engage with narrative audio works. The works analyzed are The Saigon Tapes and Goodbye to All This, from Falling Tree Productions in the United Kingdom, and Marrying Out from the Australian Broadcasting Corporation.
Casting on Podcasts
Authors: Hyland Wang Jennifer 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Early knitting podcasts offer scholars a record of early independent female audio production, community practices, and political activism that deserves examination. Within the heavily gendered environment of early 2000s podcasting, a renewed interest in crafting influenced female-centric podcast development. This chapter argues that the earliest knitting podcasts created an identity for female podcasters as “makers,” which was a critical precondition for female participation in this new medium. Through both producing and listening to knitting podcasts, knitters established a communal identity as creatives, claimed space in early podcasting, and reimagined their power as wives, mothers, and do-it-yourself citizens. Through digital and audio practices, female knitters were able to symbolically reconfigure their access to public spaces like podcasting and to the realm of politics inscribed therein.