bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synthesis, photophysics, and electroluminescent performance of stable blue‐light‐emitting copoly(9,9‐diarylfluorene)s
Authors: Chen Ruei‐Tang , Chen Shinn‐Horng , Hsieh Bar‐Yuan , Chen Yun 
Published: April 2009

AbstractA series of fluorene derivatives containing nonsymmetric and bulky aromatic groups at C‐9 position were synthesized and used for the preparation of blue‐light‐emitting copolyfluorenes (P1–P4) by the Suzuki coupling polycondensation. The copolymers were characterized by molecular weight determination, elemental analysis, differential scanning calorimeter, thermogravimetric analysis, absorption and emission spectroscopy, cyclic voltammetry, and differential pulse voltammetry. Their decomposition temperatures and glass transition temperatures are 423–441 °C and >120 °C, respectively. In film state, the copolyfluorenes exhibit blue photoluminescence at 425–450 nm, which remains almost unchanged after annealing at 200 °C in air for 60 min. Polymer light‐emitting diodes [ITO/PEDOT:PSS/P1–P4/Ca(50 nm)/Al(100 nm)] show stable blue‐light emission under device operation with the CIE co‐ordinates being between (0.16, 0.07) and (0.17, 0.09). The light‐emitting diodes devices from P1 and P3 containing electron‐deficient oxadiazole units display enhanced performance, with the maximum brightness and maximum current efficiency being (4510 cd/m2 and 2.40 cd/A) and (2930 cd/m2, 1.19 cd/A), respectively. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 47: 2821–2834, 2009
Thermosensitive polymer brush‐supported 4‐N,N‐dialkylaminopyridine on silica particles as catalyst for hydrolysis of an activated ester in aqueous buffers: Comparison of activity with linear polymer‐supported version and effect of LCST transition
Authors: Jiang Xiaoming , Wang Bingbing , Li Christopher Y. , Zhao Bin 
Published: April 2009

AbstractWe report on the synthesis of a thermosensitive polymer brush‐supported 4‐N,N‐dialkylaminopyridine catalyst and the comparison of its catalytic activity with the corresponding linear polymer‐supported version in the hydrolysis of p‐nitrophenyl acetate (NPA) as well as the effect of lower critical solution temperature (LCST) transition on catalytic activity. The polymer brushes were synthesized from initiator‐functionalized silica particles by surface‐initiated atom transfer radical polymerization of methoxytri(ethylene glycol) methacrylate and 2‐(N‐methyl‐N‐(4‐pyridyl)amino)ethyl methacrylate in the presence of a free initiator. Dynamic light scattering studies showed that the onset temperatures of the LCST transition of polymer brushes in pH 7.52 and 7.82 buffers were 42 and 38 °C, respectively. Under the same reaction conditions, the net initial rate of the hydrolysis of NPA catalyzed by hairy particles was 70–80% of that catalyzed by the free copolymer at the temperature below the LCST of polymer brushes. With further increasing the temperature above the LCST, the plot of logarithm of net initial rate versus inverse temperature exhibited a shift for the reactions catalyzed by hairy particles and leveled off or decreased slightly in the case of using the free copolymer as catalyst, presumably because the structures of the aggregates of hairy particles and free copolymer chains were different. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 47: 2853–2870, 2009
Fluorinated hydroxytelechelic polybutadiene as additive in cationic photopolymerization of an epoxy resin
Authors: Ameduri B. , Bongiovanni R. , Sangermano M. , Priola A. 
Published: April 2009

AbstractFluorinated hydroxytelechelic polybutadiene (PBF), which is synthesized from the radical addition of a fluorinated mercaptan onto a hydroxytelechelic polybutadiene was used as an efficient surface and mechanical modifier in original formulations to enable the UV cationic polymerization of a telechelic diepoxy cycloaliphatic oligomer, leading to crosslinked polymers. Various amounts of PBF were used (ranging between 0 and 15 wt %). The kinetics of photocrosslinking revealed that the diepoxyde conversion reached 70% only in the absence of PBF, whereas it was about 90% in the presence of 10 wt % of PBF. When the PBF content increased, the dynamic mechanical measurements showed that: (i) the glass transition temperature values decreased and (ii) the resilience increased. The hydrophobicity of these polymers was investigated from the water contact angle (WCA) values showing a surface modification of the epoxy‐based system. Indeed, great modifications were noted on the extreme surface (i.e., air side) of the polymers (with WCA values as high as 120°) in contrast to those observed on the substrate side. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 47: 2835–2842, 2009
Discussion of substantially identical gel points among multiallyl monomers based on characterization of resultant network polymer precursors consisting of oligomeric primary polymer chains
Authors: Matsumoto Akira , Hamamoto Hiroyuki , Miwa Yuta , Aota Hiroyuki , Inoue Satoshi , Yokoyama Katsutoshi , Matoba Yasuo , Shibano Michirou 
Published: April 2009

AbstractNo difference in the actual gel points was substantially observed among three isomeric diallyl phthalates such as diallyl phthalate (DAP), diallyl isophthalate, and diallyl terephthalate (DAT); this interesting gelation behavior was discussed further in terms of the correlation between gelation and the difference in cyclization modes, and also, the difference in reactivity between the uncyclized and cyclized radicals for cross‐linking. In the present work, we tried to extend the preceding discussion to the polymerization of triallyl trimellitate (TAT) because the molecular structure of TAT is presumed to essentially involve the characteristics of three isomeric diallyl phthalates and, therefore, the enhanced gelation was expected in TAT polymerization. However, no enhancement of gelation was observed. For a full understanding of the gelation in multiallyl cross‐linking polymerization, we explored further the polymerizations of DAP, DAT, and TAT, especially focusing on the characterization of resultant network polymer precursors (NPPs) using SEC‐MALLS‐viscometry providing the correlation of [η] versus Mw of fractionated samples. Notably, the structure of NPP consisting of oligomeric primary polymer chains generated from specific allyl polymerization would become core‐shell type dendritic with the progress of polymerization. The correlation between delayed gelation and decreased reactivity of dendritic NPP for intermolecular cross‐linking is discussed. Conclusively, the reactivity for intermolecular cross‐linking between NPPs decreased with the progress of polymerization leading to a delayed gelation. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 47: 2871–2881, 2009
Soluble dithienothiophene polymers: Effect of link pattern
Authors: Zhang Shiming , Fan Haijun , Liu Yao , Zhao Guangjin , Li Qikai , Li Yongfang , Zhan Xiaowei 
Published: April 2009

AbstractSoluble conjugated polymers based on 3,5‐didecanyldithieno[3,2‐b:2′,3′‐d]thiophene—single‐bond (1), double‐bond (2), and triple‐bond linked (3)—were synthesized by palladium(0)‐catalyzed Stille coupling reaction and oxidation polymerization. The thermal, absorption, emission, and electrochemical properties of these polymers were examined; the effect of the link pattern was studied. All polymers exhibit decomposition temperatures over 295 °C and glass‐transition temperatures in the range of 137–202 °C. The absorption spectra of 1, 2, and 3 in thin films exhibit absorption maxima at 381, 584, and 444 nm, respectively. Polymer 1 exhibits intense green emission located at 510 nm in film, whereas polymers 2 and 3 are nonemissive both in solution and in film due to H‐aggregate. Cyclic voltammograms of polymers 1, 2, and 3 display irreversible oxidation waves with onset oxidation potentials at 1.73, 0.78, and 1.03 V versus Ag+/Ag, respectively. Theory calculation on model compounds suggests that the dihedral angle decreases in the order of 1 > 3 > 2. On reducing the dihedral angle, the polymer exhibits a longer absorption maximum, a smaller bandgap, a less oxidizing potential and fluorescence quench, due to more coplanar and more π‐electron delocalized backbone structure. Polymer solar cells were fabricated based on the blend of polymer 2 and methanofullerene [6,6]‐phenyl C61‐butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM). The power conversion efficiency of 0.45% was achieved under AM 1.5, 100 mW cm−2 using polymer 2:PCBM (1:2, w/w) as active layer. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 47: 2843–2852, 2009
The Norwegian version of the Mini‐Mental Adjustment to Cancer Scale: factor structure and psychometric properties
Authors: Bredal Inger Schou 
Published: April 2009

AbstractObjective: The object of the study was to examine the factor structure and the psychometric properties of the Mini‐Mental Adjustment to Cancer Scale (Mini‐MAC) among a large sample of Norwegian breast cancer patients.Methods: A total of 402 patients with breast cancer completed the Mini‐MAC.Results: Principal component analysis with varimax rotion confirmed four factors. Three had psychometric properties to the original Mini‐MAC Helpless‐Hopeless (HH), Anxious Preoccupation (AP) and Cognitive Avoidance (CA) subscales. The fourth, named Positive Attitude (PA) combined the Fighting Spirit (FS) and the Fatalism subscales of the original Mini‐MAC. Construct validities were assessed by examining the interscale correlations as well as the correlations between the Mini‐MAC subscales and the HADS subscales scores. Internal consistency of the five subscales was satisfactory for the original (HH, AP, CA, FA, coefficients=0.60‐0.83), except for the FS subscale (coefficient=21).Conclusion: In view of the low internal reliability for the Norwegian Mini‐MAC FS subscale coefficient; it appears to be more appropriate to use the Norwegian Mini‐MAC as a four‐factor model. If researcher or clinicians in Norway use the five‐factor model, they should take great care when interpreting the fighting spirit subscale. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Psychological interventions with siblings of pediatric cancer patients: a systematic review
Authors: Prchal Alice , Landolt Markus A. 
Published: April 2009

AbstractObjective: Siblings of pediatric cancer patients have been shown to be at risk for developing emotional, behavioral, and social problems. There is a need for psychological interventions in this population. Several researchers have previously documented and evaluated their interventions with siblings. This paper aimed at reviewing the existing reports of evaluated psychological interventions with siblings of pediatric cancer patients and at outlining future directions.Methods: Research was conducted on several online bibliographic databases. Articles were selected on the basis of predefined criteria. If possible, effect sizes (ES) were calculated.Results: Fourteen studies representing 11 different sibling interventions met criteria for inclusion. One individual intervention, three camps, and seven groups were found. Objectives of interventions concentrated mainly on enhancing siblings' coping and improving their medical knowledge. In terms of outcome measures, most of the studies focused on psychological adjustment variables. Findings showed significant improvements in siblings' depression symptomatology, medical knowledge, and health‐related quality of life. Findings were inconsistent with regard to anxiety, behavioral problems, social adjustment, self‐esteem, and posttraumatic stress symptoms. Depending on the outcome variables, small to large ES were found. Satisfaction with the intervention was high in both siblings and parents.Conclusion: There is tentative evidence that psychological interventions with siblings of childhood cancer patients can effectively reduce psychological maladjustment and improve medical knowledge about cancer. However, the number of studies is small, and several methodological shortcomings have to be noted. In future, more randomized controlled trials need to be conducted in larger samples to extend the evidence base. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Cancer patients' desire for psychological support: prevalence and implications for screening patients' psychological needs
Authors: Merckaert Isabelle , Libert Yves , Messin Sophie , Milani Mina , Slachmuylder Jean‐Louis , Razavi Darius 
Published: April 2009

AbstractObjectives: To investigate cancer patients' desire for psychological support and to identify patients' sociodemographic, disease‐related and psychological factors associated with this desire.Methods: The study is part of a multicenter, cross‐sectional study assessing cancer patients' needs and desire for psychological support. Patients completed the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, the Ways of Coping Checklist, the Cancer Rehabilitation Evaluation System and reported their desire for psychological support.Results: Among the 381 included patients, women (26%) desired psychological support significantly more often than men (11%) (p<0.001). Patients' desire for psychological support was associated with being younger (OR=0.94; p<0.001 for women and OR=0.93; p=0.007 for men) and having a support‐seeking coping (OR=1.10; p=0.010 for women and OR=1.36; p=0.003 for men). Other contextual factors such as difficulties encountered and treatment modalities were diversely associated with women and men's desire for psychological support. Neither women's, nor men's psychological distress was associated with their desire for psychological support.Conclusions: One female cancer patient out of four and one male cancer patient out of ten desire psychological support. Results emphasize the need to screen not only for cancer patients' distress but also for their desire for psychological support. This will allow implementing psychological interventions according to patients' needs and desire. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Motives that cancer patients in oncological care have for consulting a psychologist—an empirical study
Authors: Salander Pär 
Published: April 2009

AbstractObjective: Most people with cancer are able to deal with the mental turmoil with support from ordinary health care, family and friends. However, by themselves or by attentive health‐care workers some patients are referred to specialists within the psychosocial field, foremost social workers and psychologists. This paper deals with patients' motives for seeing a psychologist.Methods: The case books for all patients who had met with the psychologist at a department of oncology in Sweden during a 10‐year period were read through and categorised according to what the patients wanted to talk about.Results: The most commonly found motives were in sliding order: coping with anxiety and worries caused by the disease; dealing with relational problems in life outside the disease; dealing with relational problems actualised by the disease; living with a malignant disease‐despair in a new life situation; and finally dealing with a particular problem.Conclusion: Patients seeing a psychologist in oncology do not just ask for help to come to terms with anxiety and worries. More than a third of the patients wanted to talk about distressing relationships, which were not connected to, or only remotely connected to the cancer disease. Patients have different needs and competence in different psychological treatment perspectives is therefore important. The found diversity of motives bears impact on the external validity of screening instruments for distress and randomised controlled intervention studies. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Psychological distress and use of psychosocial support in familial adenomatous polyposis
Authors: Douma Kirsten F. L. , Aaronson Neil K. , Vasen Hans F. A. , Gerritsma Miranda A. , Gundy Chad M. , Janssen Esther P. A. , Vriends Annette H. J. T. , Cats Annemieke , Verhoef Senno , Bleiker Eveline M. A. 
Published: April 2009

AbstractObjective: Familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) is characterized by multiple adenomas in the colorectum with a high risk to develop colorectal cancer. It is unclear whether individuals at risk of FAP experience distress due to this potentially life‐threatening disease. This nationwide study assessed: (1) the prevalence of psychological distress; and (2) the need for and use of specialized professional psychosocial support.Methods: In this cross‐sectional study, all individuals from families at high risk for FAP registered at the Netherlands Foundation for the Detection of Hereditary Tumours were invited to complete a questionnaire assessing, among other issues, generalized, cancer‐specific and FAP‐specific distress.Results: In total, 525 individuals completed the questionnaire. Approximately 20% of the respondents had moderate to severe levels of FAP‐specific distress. Levels of generalized distress were comparable to the general Dutch population. Significantly more individuals with a FAP diagnosis had frequent cancer worries than those at risk of FAP or non‐carriers (p=0.02). Distress levels were more strongly associated with psychosocial variables (e.g. perceived cancer risk), than with sociodemographic or clinical variables. Up to 43% of the variance in distress could be explained by all variables combined. Of those moderately to severely distressed, 26% had received specialized professional psychosocial support, while 30% of those did not receive the support they wanted.Conclusions: A substantial minority of individuals reported moderate to severe distress levels associated with FAP. However, only one‐third of those received specialized professional psychosocial support. We recommend the use of a screening questionnaire to identify individuals in need of such support. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Nanosecond Pulsed Plasma Dental Probe
Authors: Jiang Chunqi , Chen Meng‐Tse , Gorur Amita , Schaudinn Christoph , Jaramillo David E. , Costerton J. William , Sedghizadeh Parish P. , Vernier P. Thomas , Gundersen Martin A. 
Published: April 2009

AbstractA novel coaxial tubular device capable of generating a 2.5 cm long pencil‐like plasma plume in ambient atmosphere has recently been developed to disinfect root canal systems during endodontic treatment. Powered with short (≈100 ns), intense (6 kV) electric pulses at 1 kHz, the plasma dental probe is safe for operation, electromagnetic noise‐free, with low power consumption (an average power of ≈1 W) and minimal heating of materials under treatment. It thus has the essential features required for oral and dental disinfection. In this communication, we present the design of the device and evidence that the plasma dental probe is effective for tooth surface disinfection. Scanning electron microscopy shows complete destruction of endodontic biofilms for a depth of 1 mm inside a root canal after plasma treatment for 5 min. Plasma emission spectroscopy identifies atomic oxygen as one of the likely active agents for the bactericidal effect.magnified image
Computer Modeling of Plasmas and Plasma‐Surface Interactions
Authors: Bogaerts Annemie , Bultinck Evi , Eckert Maxie , Georgieva Violeta , Mao Ming , Neyts Erik , Schwaederlé Laurent 
Published: April 2009

AbstractIn this paper, an overview is given of different modeling approaches used for describing gas discharge plasmas, as well as plasma‐surface interactions. A fluid model is illustrated for describing the detailed plasma chemistry in capacitively coupled rf discharges. The strengths and limitations of Monte Carlo simulations and of a particle‐in‐cell–Monte Carlo collisions model are explained for a magnetron discharge, whereas the capabilities of a hybrid Monte Carlo–fluid approach are illustrated for a direct current glow discharge used for spectrochemical analysis of materials. Finally, some examples of molecular dynamics simulations, for the purpose of plasma‐deposition, are given.magnified image
Film Deposition in the Dielectric Barrier Discharge at Atmospheric Pressure in He/O2/HMDSO and He/N2O/HMDSO mixtures
Authors: Vinogradov Igor , Lunk Achim 
Published: April 2009

AbstractNon‐thermal dielectric barrier discharges (DBD) operated in a parallel plate reactor (6 cm width and 16 cm long) under atmospheric pressure in He/O2/HMDSO and He/N2O/HMDSO mixtures at different O2 or N2O to HMDSO (hexamethyldisiloxane) ratios and different power are studied. The effective power of the discharge was derived by evaluating the Lissajous–figure on the oscilloscope. Emission spectroscopy and FTIR‐absorption spectroscopy were applied to get information on the reaction products in DBD. The spectroscopic gas analysis was performed at three residence times. The properties of the polymer films deposited on silicon wafers were measured by FTIR‐absorption spectroscopy, AFM and XPS analysis. Surface tension was obtained by contact angle measurements with water. Correlations between parameters of plasma phase with film parameters are discussed.
Crystal structure of phenylacetic acid degradation protein PaaG from Thermus thermophilus HB8
Authors: Kichise Tomoyasu , Hisano Tamao , Takeda Kazuki , Miki Kunio 
Published: April 2009

AbstractMicrobial degradation of phenylacetic acid proceeds via the hybrid pathway that includes formation of a coenzyme A thioester, ring hydroxylation, non‐oxygenolytic ring opening, and β‐oxidation‐like reactions. A phenylacetic acid degradation protein PaaG is a member of the crotonase superfamily, and is a candidate non‐oxygenolytic ring‐opening enzyme. The crystal structure of PaaG from Thermus thermophilus HB8 was determined at a resolution of 1.85 Å. PaaG consists of three identical subunits related by local three‐fold symmetry. The monomer is comprised of a spiral and a helical domain with a fold characteristic of the crotonase superfamily. A putative active site residue, Asp136, is situated in an active site cavity and surrounded by several hydrophobic and hydrophilic residues. The active site cavity is sufficiently large to accommodate a ring substrate. Two conformations are observed for helix H2 located adjacent to the active site. Helix H2 is kinked at Asn81 in two subunits, whereas it is kinked at Leu77 in the other subunit, and the side chain of Tyr80 is closer to Asp136. This indicates that catalytic reaction of PaaG may proceed with large conformational changes at the active site. Asp136 is the only conserved polar residue in the active site. It is located at the same position as those of 4‐chlorobenzoyl‐CoA dehalogenase and peroxisomal Δ3,Δ2‐enoyl‐CoA isomerase, indicating that PaaG may undergo isomerization or a ring‐opening reaction via a Δ3,Δ2‐enoyl‐CoA isomerase‐like mechanism. Proteins 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.