bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association between the Dietary Inflammatory Index and Sleep Quality among Lebanese University Students
Authors: El-Ali Zeina , Hebert James R. , Wirth Michael D. , Mitri Rosy 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Objective The association between sleep quality and overall health has been extensively examined. However, few studies have investigated the relationship between sleep and the inflammatory potential of the diet. Thus, the purpose of the present study was to explore the association between the scores on the Energy-Adjusted Dietary Inflammatory Index (E-DII) and sleep quality in Lebanese university students.
Materials and Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study with students attending the Tripoli campus of Beirut Arab University. A total of 270 students aged between 17 and 25 years were randomly selected. All students filled out a multicomponent questionnaire that included an assessment of their sleep quality using the Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index, and of their physical activity level using the short version of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire. The scores on the E-DII were calculated based on a validated food frequency questionnaire.
Results Individuals in the highest (most proinflammatory) quartile of the E-DII were at an increased risk of having poor overall sleep quality compared with the lowest quartile (odds ratio [OR] = 2.86; 95% confidence interval [95%CI]: 1.27–6.44). Regarding the individual domains of sleep quality, subjects in quartiles 3 and 4 of the E-DII were at an increased risk of having poor sleep efficiency compared with those in quartile 1 (OR = 2.49; 95%CI: 1.12–5.54; and OR = 2.52, 95%CI: 1.13–5.62 respectively). However, individuals in quartile 3 were at a reduced risk of having daytime dysfunction compared with those in the lowest quartile (OR = 0.44; 95%CI: 0.23–0.83).
Conclusion The inflammatory potential of the diet seems to be related to sleep quality in our sample of Lebanese university students. Future prospective studies are required to further explore this association.
Serving Those Who Served: Enhancing Colorectal Surgery Care for Veterans
Authors: Hewitt Austin , Fritz Melanie , Sanger Cristina B. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) is the largest provider of integrated health care services in the United States and its mission is to honor veterans by providing timely, effective, and high-quality health care that improves individuals' health and functionality. The VA provides comprehensive primary and specialty care, including colorectal surgery services, to eligible veterans who suffer from a disproportionately high burden of medical comorbidities and often belong to vulnerable populations, including individuals of low socioeconomic status, those who identify as lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and questioning, racial minorities, and those suffering from severe mental health illness. There are many challenges to caring for a population of veterans with benign and malignant colorectal disease due to both patient and system level factors. Despite these challenges, the VA has demonstrated a commitment to ensuring culturally competent, equitable, and inclusive care and to conducting research that establishes evidence-based best practices in the management of colorectal diseases. These efforts have led to outcomes for patients undergoing care for colorectal diseases within the VA that are par with or better than civilian outcomes. The VA is uniquely positioned on a system level to provide nationwide efforts that improve care delivery and serve those who served.
Focal Cortical Dysplasia: Diagnosis, Classification, and Treatment Options
Authors: Pizzo Francesco , Fichera Valeria , Zanghì Antonio , Praticò Andrea D. , Vecchio Michele , Falsaperla Raffaele , Lavalle Salvatore , Marino Francesco , Palmucci Stefano , Belfiore Giuseppe , Polizzi Agata 
Published: May 2024

AbstractFocal cortical dysplasias (FCDs) include a spectrum of anomalies of cortical development that consist in one or more areas with altered lamination and in some cases, neurons of abnormal morphology. Clinically, these structural anomalies led to arise of epilepsy, which is more often a focal, drug-resistant type with onset in pediatric or adolescent age. Occasionally, other symptoms have been reported in patients with FCDs, such as headache, movement disorders, and cognitive impairment. According to International League against Epilepsy scheme of 2011, three main subtypes of FCD can be distinguished, based of anatomopathological feature, radiological signs, and clinical expression. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography, and neurophysiology are the cornerstones of diagnosis, although their negativity cannot exclude FCD in symptomatic patients, especially in FCD type I which often is elusive. In MRI, the main finding is the irregularity of the cortical–subcortical signal, specifically reduction of cortical thickness and absence of clear demarcation between gray and white matters, which is strongly diagnostic for FCD. Epilepsy related to FCD is difficult to manage and until now there is not a clear direction for treatment's rules. FCD shows poor response to antiepileptic drugs (AEDs), and there is no evidence of some AED that has proved more efficacy than others in patients with FCDs. Considering genetical and pathophysiological recent acquisitions, mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitors may play a fundamental role in future treatment of FCDs, but nowadays, surgery still remains the main weapon, with 50% of patients who undergo neurosurgery.
Exploration of the creative processes in animals, robots, and AI: who holds the authorship?
Authors: Sueur Cédric , Lombard Jessica , Capra Olivier , Beltzung Benjamin , Pelé Marie 
Published: May 2024

AbstractPicture a simple scenario: a worm, in its modest way, traces a trail of paint as it moves across a sheet of paper. Now shift your imagination to a more complex scene, where a chimpanzee paints on another sheet of paper. A simple question arises: Do you perceive an identical creative process in these two animals? Can both of these animals be designated as authors of their creation? If only one, which one? This paper delves into the complexities of authorship, consciousness, and agency, unpacking the nuanced distinctions between such scenarios and exploring the underlying principles that define creative authorship across different forms of life. It becomes evident that attributing authorship to an animal hinges on its intention to create, an aspect intertwined with its agency and awareness of the creative act. These concepts are far from straightforward, as they traverse the complex landscapes of animal ethics and law. But our exploration does not stop there. Now imagine a robot, endowed with artificial intelligence, producing music. This prompts us to question how we should evaluate and perceive such creations. Is the creative process of a machine fundamentally different from that of an animal or a human? As we venture further into this realm of human-made intelligence, we confront an array of ethical, philosophical, and legal quandaries. This paper provides a platform for a reflective discussion: ethologists, neuroscientists, philosophers, and bioinformaticians converge in a multidisciplinary dialogue. Their insights provide valuable perspectives for establishing a foundation upon which to discuss the intricate concepts of authorship and appropriation concerning artistic works generated by non-human entities.
Inverse problem of recovering a time-dependent nonlinearity appearing in third-order nonlinear acoustic equations
*
Authors: Fu Song-Ren , Yao Peng-Fei , Yu Yongyi 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
This paper is devoted to some inverse problems of recovering the nonlinearity for the Jordan–Moore–Gibson–Thompson equation, which is a third order nonlinear acoustic equation. This equation arises, for example, from the wave propagation in viscous thermally relaxing fluids. The well-posedness of the nonlinear equation is obtained with the small initial and boundary data. By the second order linearization to the nonlinear equation, and construction of complex geometric optics solutions for the linearized equation, the uniqueness of recovering the nonlinearity is derived.
Piezoelectric breeze energy harvester with mechanical intelligence mechanism for smart agricultural monitoring systems
Authors: Zheng Xiaotian , Han Lintong , Yang Jingwei , Li Qizhou , He Lipeng 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
In this paper, a piezoelectric breeze energy harvester with a mechanical intelligence mechanism for smart agricultural monitoring systems (G-PBEH) is proposed. Different from the conventional magnetically coupled piezoelectric cantilever beam harvesters where the end magnet is mostly fixed, the G-PBEH has movable magnets in a fixed cylindrical channel. Which could achieve a mechanical intelligence mechanism with the tuned magnets on the shell, contributing to increasing voltage frequency and widening wind bandwidth. The effects of cylindrical channel length (L) and tuned magnet diameter (D) on performance were investigated. The experimental findings reveal that when L is 10 mm and D is 8 mm, the prototype starts at 2 m s−1, and the highest voltage and power are 17.9 V and 944.07 μW (150 kΩ) at 8 m s−1 . Compared to L is 5 mm (magnet fixed), the voltage waveform has a 28.6% increase in the quantity of peaks. Besides, the voltage is larger than 3 V occupying 91.6% of the experimental wind bandwidth. The application experiment demonstrates that the G-PBEH can be used as a reliable power supplier, which can facilitate the progress of smart monitoring systems for simplified greenhouses in remote areas.
Surface enhanced Raman scattering in thin films: the importance of Raman analyte-plasmonic particle inverse geometry
Authors: Naik Aadesh Mohan , Biswal Sambit Kumar , Laha Ranjit , Kar Manoranjan 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Most of the successful applications of surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) involves placing the Raman analyte molecule over the SERS substrate. This conventional geometry of SERS does not work when the Raman analyte is in the form of a thin film. In this report, we experimentally demonstrate the importance of the rarely explored inverse geometry wherein a plasmonic particle is placed over an analyte thin film for SERS study. Initially, as a case study, the effect of size, concentration, and distribution of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) on the SERS of Si wafer was performed. The AuNPs, prepared by optimized annealing of direct current sputtered Au, were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, and UV-Visible spectrophotometry. Finally, as an application, SERS in inverse geometry was successfully performed with an electron-beam evaporated Si thin film. For the first time, a working formula has been proposed to determine the experimental enhancement factor (EEF) for the inverse geometry of SERS. The values of EEF were estimated to be 1526 and 3274 respectively for Si wafer and Si thin film for the similar distribution of AuNPs of average size 52 nm. This study provides an insight into the characterization of thin films.
The role of annealing in optimizing the electrical, linear, and nonlinear optical properties ZIf-8@TiO2 films for possible use in photonic and optoelectronic devices
Authors: Alsharif Marwah Ahmed , Alqurashi Rania Saleh , Hamdalla Taymour A 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Here, we fabricate zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8)–doped 5 wt% nanosized TiO2 (ZIf-8@TiO2) thin films using a vapor coating unit. The effects of annealing up to 473 K on the physical characteristics of fabricated ZIf-8@TiO2 thin films were studied. XRD, FTIR, and UV–vis spectroscopy were utilized to investigate the structural properties of the as-deposited and annealed samples. An increase of approximately 18% was observed in the electrical conductivity. As the annealing temperature increased, the light transmission decreased. This could be due to the growth or aggregation of TiO2 particles during annealing. Raising the annealing temperature by 100 K enhanced the refractive index (n) and energy gap (Eg) by approximately 33% and 8%, respectively. The decrease in ε
1 and ε
2 in response to the annealing temperature increase was due to the evaporation of MOF organic linkers. The nonlinear optical results indicated a dependence on the annealing temperatures that improved charge carrier mobility and coherent light–matter interactions. Our thesis findings can improve the overall performance and efficiency of optoelectronic devices.
The U.S. Midwest and High Plains Aquifer-fed croplands are previously unrealized hotspots of extreme evaporative demand exposure
Authors: Kukal Meetpal S 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Total evaporative demand or atmospheric thirst is a primary determinant of agroecosystems’ water use and an indispensable input to scientifically based irrigation design and management. However, despite its extensive use to represent agricultural environments, it has not been assessed for its extreme behavior. Prolonged exposure to extreme evaporative demand conditions a.k.a thirstwaves can be especially stressful for agricultural output, water use, and management, but remain uninvestigated owing to lack of meaningful metrics for quantifying and reporting ‘extreme thirst exposure’. In this letter, I present spatial (county-level) and temporal (1981–2021) changes in exposure to extreme thirst during the agricultural growing season across the conterminous U.S. (CONUS). Using a fully physical metric of evaporative demand, i.e., standardized short crop reference evapotranspiration (ETo), I define two novel measures: cumulative extreme thirst exposure (thirstcum) and average extreme thirst anomaly (thirstanom) to represent the seasonal-level severity of thirstwaves. Both metrics showed significant spatiotemporal variation with long-term averages of 12 mm (thirstcum) and 0.66 mm d−1 (thirstanom) for CONUS. Distinct spatial patterns were revealed for extreme thirst exposure that had little in common with those observed for total ETo. Spatially, hotspots of high extreme thirst exposure were co-located with the Midwest and High Plains aquifer regions, that account for 64% of total acreage and 28% of irrigated acreage nationally, respectively. Critical for food and water security, these regions have experienced the highest extreme thirst exposure nationally, hence necessitating reevaluation of regional disparities in water stress. While thirstcum and thirstanom have increased by 5.6 mm and 0.21 mm d−1 on an average in CONUS, worsening of extreme thirst exposure is especially concerning for the High Plains aquifer region (12.6 mm and 0.54 mm d−1, respectively). The emergence of previously unrealized hotspots in regions critical for water security uncover potential pitfalls for planning and adaptation that may result from overlooking extreme measures of evaporative demand.
Digital light processing based multimaterial 3D printing: challenges, solutions and perspectives
Authors: Cheng Jianxiang , Yu Shouyi , Wang Rong , Ge Qi 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Multimaterial (MM) 3D printing shows great potential for application in metamaterials, flexible electronics, biomedical devices and robots, since it can seamlessly integrate distinctive materials into one printed structure. Among numerous MM 3D printing technologies, digital light processing (DLP) MM 3D printing is compatible with a wide range of materials from hydrogels to ceramics, and can print MM 3D structures with high resolution, high complexity and fast speed. This paper introduces the fundamental mechanisms of DLP 3D printing, and reviews the recent advances of DLP MM 3D printing technologies with emphasis on material switching methods and material contamination issues. It also summarizes a number of typical examples of DLP MM 3D printing systems developed in the past decade, and introduces their system structures, working principles, material switching methods, residual resin removal methods, printing steps, as well as the representative structures and applications. Finally, we provide perspectives on the directions of the further development of DLP MM 3D printing technology.
New method for measuring and analyzing the deformability and eccentricity of the ferrule kilns
Authors: S Amraoui H , I Janati K , Moujibi N 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
In the industrial sector, particularly in the cement industry, the key aspect of the production process is the production of clinker through the use of a rotary kiln. Due to the large volume and high temperature involved, these complex structures are subjected to stress and deformation during operation. Therefore, it is crucial to conduct regular control measurements to verify the compliance of the basic geometric parameters. In this article, we examine the literature on various control techniques, with a particular focus on the misalignment of the rotating axis of the ferrule. This method was experimentally demonstrated by creating a prototype to validate it, and the results obtained by the prototype were then compared to those obtained by the coordinate measuring machine. The results indicate that the proposed method is effective for determining the real axis of the rotary kiln (eccentricity) and the ovality of the shell structure. With this purpose, the article proposes a new solution for processing spatial data using a mathematical method based on the geometric parameters of the shell structure. This study can be used to develop tools for controlling rotary kilns, particularly in the data collection process.
Optimization methods in powder metallurgy for enhancing the mechanical properties: a systematic literature review
Authors: Lingam Divnesh , Ananthanarayanan Rajeshkannan , Jeevanantham A K , Seenivasagam Devi R 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Powder metallurgy offers several advantages over traditional manufacturing methods, such as improved material utilization and waste reduction. The powder metallurgy process involves four primary steps, metal powder preparation, mixing, compaction, and sintering, followed by secondary operations such as forging, rolling, and extrusion. However, existing studies have predominantly focused on refining the primary processes, neglecting secondary processes that could further enhance mechanical properties. A systematic literature review following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis method identified twenty-three relevant articles over a ten-year period, highlighting three main optimization methods, that are, the Taguchi method, Taguchi-based Grey Relational Analysis, and Response Surface Methodology. These methods effectively reduce experimental trials and optimize key parameters like compaction pressure and weight percentage, which significantly influence mechanical properties. The review emphasizes the key powder metallurgy process parameters that have a significant impact on mechanical properties, becoming the primary targets for optimization. It offers a focused examination of which process parameters require thorough investigation for optimization and the suitable optimization method to achieve optimal outcomes, whether for single or multiple responses, thereby enhancing the manufacturing process. However, inconsistencies in parameter significance across studies indicate the material-dependent nature of powder metallurgy materials. The review also identifies a gap in the literature regarding secondary process optimization and comparative analyses of optimization methods. Future research should explore optimizing secondary processes in powder metallurgy, conduct comparative studies of different optimization methods, and develop novel approaches for optimization to further enhance mechanical properties and process efficiency.
Sensitivity enhanced flexible capacitive pressure sensor microstructure optimization for biomedical applications
Authors: S Ananthi , Chaudhary Himanshu , Singh Kulwant 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
This paper explores the design and optimization of Flexible Capacitive Pressure Sensors (FCPS) using microfabrication technology for applications in the emerging field of flexible electronics, with a particular focus on measuring bio-signals characterized by lower pressure ranges. Sensitivity, a critical parameter for effective FCPS performance, is investigated through a comprehensive series of simulation analyses employing finite element modeling. The study involves varying geometrical and mechanical parameters that influence FCPS performance, individually adjusting each parameter while keeping others constant. Microstructures such as cuboids, truncated pyramids with an aspect ratio of 0.5, cylinders, pyramids, and cones are modeled on the dielectric material surface. The parameters considered include inter-space, base length, height, and elastic modulus, to enhance FCPS sensitivity and linearity. Among the different shapes modeled, the cone exhibits the highest sensitivity, followed by the pyramid structure. Comparative analysis indicates that the cone and pyramid shapes demonstrate 15- and 10-times higher sensitivity, respectively, compared to the cuboid structure under an applied pressure of 10 Pa. Simulation results suggest that sensitivity can be finely tuned, with higher inter-space and microstructure height, as well as lower base length and Young’s modulus of the dielectric material, contributing to increased sensitivity. However, it is noted that these conditions may lead to decreased capacitance in the absence of applied pressure due to air occupation relative to the dielectric material. The findings are further compared with existing literature, and the FCPS response analysis provides valuable insights for the future design of FCPS, particularly in the context of biomedical applications requiring precise low-pressure signal measurements. This research contributes to advancing the understanding of FCPS performance optimization and lays the groundwork for the development of sensors with enhanced sensitivity for bio-medical applications.
Numerical solution of Poisson partial differential equation in high dimension using two-layer neural networks
Authors: Dus Mathias , Ehrlacher Virginie 
Published: May 2024

The aim of this article is to analyze numerical schemes using two-layer neural networks with infinite width for the resolution of the high-dimensional Poisson partial differential equation with Neumann boundary condition. Using Barron’s representation of the solution [IEEE Trans. Inform. Theory 39 (1993), pp. 930–945] with a probability measure defined on the set of parameter values, the energy is minimized thanks to a gradient curve dynamic on the

2
2

-Wasserstein space of the set of parameter values defining the neural network. Inspired by the work from Bach and Chizat [On the global convergence of gradient descent for over-parameterized models using optimal transport, 2018; ICM–International Congress of Mathematicians, EMS Press, Berlin, 2023], we prove that if the gradient curve converges, then the represented function is the solution of the elliptic equation considered. Numerical experiments are given to show the potential of the method.