bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MicroRNA‐200c attenuates tumour growth and metastasis of presumptive head and neck squamous cell carcinoma stem cells
Authors: Lo Wen‐Liang , Yu Cheng‐Chia , Chiou Guang‐Yuh , Chen Yi‐Wei , Huang Pin‐I , Chien Chian‐Shiu , Tseng Ling‐Ming , Chu Pen‐Yuan , Lu Kai‐Hsi , Chang Kuo‐Wei , Kao Shou‐Yen , Chiou Shih‐Hwa 
Published: November 2010

AbstractMicroRNA‐200c (miR200c) is emerging as an important regulator of tumourigenicity and cancer metastasis with a strong capacity for inducing epithelial–mesenchymal transitions. However, the role of miR200c in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) and HNSCC‐associated cancer stem cells (HNSCC‐CSCs) is unknown. In this study, the expression of miR200c in the regional metastatic lymph node of HNSCC tissues was significantly decreased, but BMI1 expression was increased as compared to parental tumours. Importantly, site‐directed mutagenesis with a luciferase reporter assay showed that miR200c targeted the 3′ UTR of BMI1 in HNSCC cells. Isolated HNSCC‐derived ALDH1+/CD44+ cells displayed CSC‐like tumour initiating and radio‐resistant properties. The expression levels of miR200c were significantly down‐regulated while BMI1 was increased in HNSCC‐ALDH1+/CD44+ compared to the other subsets of HNSCC cells. Furthermore, increased miR200c expression or knockdown of BMI1 could significantly inhibit the malignant CSC‐like properties of ALDH1+/CD44+ cells. miR200c over‐expression further down‐regulated the expressions of ZEB1, Snail and N‐cadherin, but up‐regulated E‐cadherin expression in ALDH1+/CD44+ cells. Finally, a xenotransplantion study confirmed that over‐expression of miR200c or BMI1 knockdown effectively inhibited the lung metastatic ability and prolonged the survival rate of ALDH1+/CD44+‐transplanted mice. In summary, miR200c negatively modulates the expression of BMI1 but also significantly inhibits the metastatic capability of epithelial–mesenchymal transitions in malignant HNSCC by reducing the expression of BMI1/ZEB1. Restoration of miR200c in HNSCC and CSCs may be a promising therapeutic approach. Copyright © 2011 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Expression of OCT4 pseudogenes in human tumours: lessons from glioma and breast carcinoma
Authors: Zhao Shidou , Yuan Qiuhuan , Hao Hongbo , Guo Yuji , Liu Shangming , Zhang Yanmin , Wang Jianli , Liu Huijuan , Wang Fuwu , Liu Kai , Ling Eng‐Ang , Hao Aijun 
Published: November 2010

AbstractThe POU family transcription factor OCT4 is required for maintaining the pluripotency of embryonic stem cells and for generating induced pluripotent stem cells. Although OCT4 is clearly shown to be expressed in some pluripotent germ cell tumours, its expression in human somatic tumours remains controversial. Some studies have shown that OCT4 is expressed in adult stem cells, somatic cancers and, further, cancer stem cells, while other studies failed to make such an observation. It is thus important to ascertain whether OCT4 is expressed in human somatic tumours. By using RT‐PCR and sequencing analysis, three OCT4 pseudogenes, viz. OCT4‐pg1, OCT4‐pg3 and OCT4‐pg4 but excluding the OCT4 gene, were found to be expressed in two types of human solid tumours, glioma and breast carcinoma, from which cancer stem cells had earlier been isolated. The protein expression of these pseudogenes was further demonstrated by immunochemistry and western blotting. Along with this, it was shown that OCT4 pseudogenes lacked OCT4‐like activities. The expression of OCT4 splicing variant and various pseudogenes at both the mRNA and protein levels in human somatic tumours might call into question the reliability of the results regarding OCT4 expression and function in tumourigenesis. Hence, in investigations of OCT4 expression in cancers and stem cells, different approaches with appropriate controls would be desirable to exclude possibility of false‐positive results. Copyright © 2011 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Pelvic pseudotumor and pseudoaneurysm in a pediatric patient with moderate hemophilia B: Successful management with arterial embolization and surgical excision
Authors: Kumar Riten , Pruthi Rajiv K. , Kobrinsky Nathan , Shaughnessy William J. , McKusick Michael A. , Rodriguez Vilmarie 
Published: November 2010

AbstractDevelopment of pseudotumors is an unusual complication of hemophilia. Treatment is controversial, especially in patients with large proximal lesions. Surgery, while curative, can be associated with massive intra‐operative bleeding, infection and amputation. Arterial embolization of blood vessels supplying the pseudotumor may reduce these complications. Herein, we report a 14‐year‐old patient with moderate hemophilia B with a pelvic pseudotumor and pseudoaneurysm that failed conservative management with factor replacement alone. He was successfully treated with Bead Block and coil embolization followed by surgical extirpation of the lesion 24 hr later. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2011;56:484–487. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Syntheses and characterization of carbazole based new low‐band gap copolymers containing highly soluble benzimidazole derivatives for solar cell application
Authors: Kim Jaehong , Park Sung Heum , Kim Jinwoo , Cho Shinuk , Jin Youngeup , Shim Joo Young , Shin Hyunmin , Kwon Sooncheol , Kim Il , Lee Kwanghee , Heeger Alan J. , Suh Hongsuk 
Published: November 2010

AbstractNewly designed 2H‐benzimidazole derivatives which have solubility groups at 2‐position have been synthesized and incorporated into two highly soluble carbazole based alternating copolymers, poly[2,7‐(9‐(1′‐octylnonyl)‐9H‐carbazole)‐alt‐5,5‐(4′,7′‐di(thien‐2‐yl)‐2H‐benzimidazole‐2′‐spirocyclohexane)] (PCDTCHBI) and poly[2,7‐(9‐(1′‐octylnonyl)‐9H‐carbazole)‐alt‐5,5‐(4′,7′‐di(thien‐2‐yl)‐2H‐benzimidazole‐2′‐spiro‐4′′‐((2′′′‐ethylhexyl)oxy)‐cyclohexane)] (PCDTEHOCHBI) for photovoltaic application. These alternating copolymers show low‐band gap properties caused by internal charge transfer from an electron‐rich unit to an electron‐deficient moiety. HOMO and LUMO levels are –5.53 and –3.86 eV for PCDTCHBI, and –5.49 and –3.84 eV for PCDTEHOCHBI, respectively. Optical band gaps of PCDTCHBI and PCDTEHOCHBI are 1.67 and 1.65 eV, respectively. The new carbazole based the 2H‐benzimidazole polymers show 0.11–0.13 eV lower values of band gaps as compared to that of carbazole based benzothiadiazole polymer, poly[N‐9′‐heptadecanyl‐2,7‐carbazole‐alt‐5,5‐(4′,7′‐di‐2‐thienyl‐2′,1′,3′‐benzothiadiazole)] (PCDTBT), while keeping nearly the same deep HOMO levels. The power conversion efficiencies of PCDTCHBI and PCDTEHOCHBI blended with [6,6]phenyl‐C71‐butyric acid methyl ester (PC71BM) are 1.03 and 1.15%, respectively. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem, 2011
New polymers derived from 4‐vinylsilylbenzocyclobutene monomer with good thermal stability, excellent film‐forming property, and low‐dielectric constant
Authors: Yang Junxiao , Liu Shangchun , Zhu Fanghua , Huang Yawen , Li Bo , Zhang Lin 
Published: November 2010

AbstractA series of benzocyclobutene (BCB) polymers derived from a new readily available monomer, 4‐(1′,1′‐dimethyl‐1′‐vinyl) silylbenzocyclobutene (4‐DMVSBCB), were conveniently prepared by radical and anionic polymerization. The homo‐ and co‐polymerization results show that the reactivity of 4‐DMVSBCB in anionic polymerization is relatively higher compared with radical polymerization. The molecular weight of 4‐DMVSBCB polymers and content of 4‐DMVSBCB can be controlled by anionic copolymerization. The introduction of rigid and crosslinkable BCB building blocks in side chains and carbosilanes in molecule gives rise to insulating materials with good film‐forming property, smooth and flat film surface, and low‐dielectric constants of 2.41–2.45, as preserving good thermal stability. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem, 2011
Fluorine‐containing linear block terpolymers: Synthesis and self‐assembly in solution
Authors: He Lihong , Hinestrosa Juan Pablo , Pickel Joseph M. , Zhang Shanju , Bucknall David G. , Kilbey II S. Michael , Mays Jimmy W. , Hong Kunlun 
Published: November 2010

AbstractLinear triblock terpolymers of poly(n‐butyl methacrylate)‐b‐poly(methyl methacrylate)‐b‐poly(2‐fluoroethyl methacrylate) (PnBMA‐PMMA‐P2FEMA) were synthesized by sequential reversible addition fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization. Kinetic studies of the homopolymerization of 2FEMA by RAFT polymerization demonstrated controllable characteristics with fairly narrow polydispersities (∼1.30). The resultant PnBMA‐PMMA‐P2FEMA triblock terpolymers were characterized via 1H NMR, 19F NMR, and gel permeation chromatography. These polymers formed micellar aggregates in a selective solvent mixture. The as‐formed micelles were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy and dynamic light scattering. It was found that these terpolymers could directly self‐organize into complex micelles in a tetrahydrofuran/methanol mixture with diameters that depended on polymer composition. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem, 2011
High‐flow nasal cannula: Impact on oxygenation and ventilation in an acute lung injury model
Authors: Frizzola Meg , Miller Thomas L. , Rodriguez Maria Elena , Zhu Yan , Rojas Jorge , Hesek Anne , Stump Angela , Shaffer Thomas H. , Dysart Kevin 
Published: November 2010

AbstractIntroductionHigh‐flow nasal cannula therapy (HFNC) has been shown to be more effective than continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) in reducing intubations and ventilator days. HFNC likely provides mechanisms to support respiratory efficiency beyond application of distending pressure. We reason that HFNC washout of nasopharyngeal dead space impacts CO2 removal along with oxygenation. The aim of this study was to demonstrate the flow dependence of CO2 reduction and improved oxygenation during HFNC and the dependence on leak around the nasal prongs.Materials and MethodsNeonatal piglets (n = 13; 2–6 kg) were injured with IV oleic acid and supported with HFNC at 2 through 8 L/min. High and low leak around the nasal prongs was accomplished by using single and double prong cannulae, respectively. Measurement of hemodynamic, respiratory and blood gas parameters were made at each setting following 10 min for physiologic equilibration. Tracheal pressures were recorded by transmural catheters.ResultsWith HFNC, CO2 trended downward in a flow‐dependent manner independent of leak. Oxygenation and tracheal pressures increased in a flow‐dependent manner with the greatest effect during double prong. At 8 L/min, tracheal pressures did not exceed 6 ± 1 cmH2O.ConclusionsHFNC improves gas exchange in a flow‐dependent manner; double prong had greater impact on O2; single prong had greater impact on CO2 elimination. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2011; 46:67–74. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Development of high‐throughput phosphorylation profiling method for identification of Ser/Thr kinase specificity
Authors: Kim Eun‐Mi , Kim Jaehi , Kim Yun‐Gon , Lee Peter , Shin Dong‐Sik , Kim Mira , Hahn Ji‐Sook , Lee Yoon‐Sik , Kim Byung‐Gee 
Published: November 2010

AbstractIdentification of substrate specificity of kinases is crucial to understand the roles of the kinases in cellular signal transduction pathways. Here, we present an approach applicable for the discovery of substrate specificity of Ser/Thr kinases. The method, which is named as the ‘high‐throughput phosphorylation profiling (HTPP)’ method was developed on the basis of a fully randomized one‐bead one‐compound (OBOC) combinatorial ladder type peptide library and MALDI‐TOF MS. The OBOC ladder peptide library was constructed by the ‘split and pool’ method on a HiCore resin. The peptide library sequence was Ac‐Ala‐X‐X‐X‐Ser‐X‐X‐Ala‐BEBE‐PLL resin. The substrate specificity of murine PKA (cAMP‐dependent protein kinase A) and yeast Yak1 kinase was identified using this method. On the basis of the result, we identified Ifh1, which is a co‐activator for the transcription of ribosomal protein genes, as a novel substrate of Yak1 kinase. The putative Yak1‐dependent phosphorylation site of Ifh1 was verified by in vitro kinase assay. Copyright © 2010 European Peptide Society and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A new family of peptide–nucleic acid nanostructures with potent transfection activities
Authors: Bechinger Burkhard , Vidovic Verica , Bertani Philippe , Kichler Antoine 
Published: November 2010

AbstractA family of His‐rich peptides has been shown to complex DNA and efficiently deliver these nucleic acids into eukaryotic cells. Therefore, these nanoscale complexes have potential applications in gene therapy. Here, we review a number of spectroscopic and biophysical investigations aimed at characterizing the supramolecular interactions of the peptides with the nucleic acids and when overcoming the membrane barriers of the cell. Furthermore, solid‐state NMR distance measurements for the first time reveal close interatomic distances between the amino acid side chains and the DNA phosphates within the transfection complex. A recent study indicates that the peptides are also potent transfectants of siRNAs and they could thereby be of potential interest for gene silencing therapies using these compounds. Copyright © 2010 European Peptide Society and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Synthesis and analysis of the membrane proximal external region epitopes of HIV‐1
Authors: Ingale Sampat , Gach Johannes S. , Zwick Michael B. , Dawson Philip E. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractThe membrane proximal external region (MPER) of gp41 abuts the viral membrane at the base of HIV‐1 envelope glycoprotein spikes. The MPER is highly conserved and is rich in Trp and other lipophilic residues. The MPER is also required for the infection of host cells by HIV‐1 and is the target of the broadly neutralizing antibodies, 4E10, 2F5, and Z13e1. These neutralizing antibodies are valuable tools for understanding relevant conformations of the MPER and for studying HIV‐1 neutralization, but multiple approaches used to elicit MPER binding antibodies with similar neutralization properties have failed. Here we report our efforts to mimic the MPER using linear as well as constrained peptides. Unnatural amino acids were also introduced into the core epitope of 4E10 to probe requirements of antibody binding. Peptide analogs with C‐terminal Api or Aib residues designed to be helical transmembrane (TM) domain surrogates exhibit enhanced binding to the 4E10 and Z13e1 antibodies. However, we find that placement of constrained amino acids at nonbinding sites within the core epitope significantly reduce binding. These results are relevant to an understanding of native MPER structure on HIV‐1, and form a basis for a chemical synthesis approach to mimic MPER stricture and to construct an MPER‐based vaccine. Copyright © 2010 European Peptide Society and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Investigations of PbSe layers after anodic electrochemical etching by scanning electron microscopy
Authors: Zimin Sergey , Vasin Vladimir , Gorlachev Egor , Buchin Eduard , Naumov Viktor 
Published: November 2010

AbstractInvestigations of the morphology of the surface of PbSe/CaF2/Si(111) epitaxial structures after anodic electrochemical etching in a Norr electrolyte with anodizing current density of 2‐8 mA/cm2 and duration of 10‐20 min were performed. Two possible morphology types of PbSe nanostructured surficial porous layers were distinguished. Agglomerated nanoislands with 80‐400 nm lateral sizes and 70 nm average separating gaps were observed for the anodized films with initial flat terraced surface. It is shown that in this case it is possible to fabricate PbSe agglomerated nanoisland structures directly on silicon substrate. A double‐layered porous structure was obtained for epitaxial PbSe films with initial granular surface. Top porous layer with a thickness of 75‐100 nm presents a developed hierarchical porous network. Bottom layer is characterized with a presence of mesopores with 7‐18 nm diameter propagating into the layer. (© 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Effect of low temperature and concentration KOH etching on high aspect ratio silicon structures
Authors: Defforge Thomas , Coudron Loïc , Gautier Gaël , Kouassi Sébastien , Vervisch Wilfried , Tran Van François , Ventura Laurent 
Published: November 2010

AbstractIn this paper, the effect of low concentrated alkaline solutions etching on texturized silicon structures at low temperatures has been studied. The silicon samples have been previously etched either from regular arrays by HF anodization on prepatterned substrates or by Deep Reactive Ion Etching (DRIE). After immersion in a low concentrated potassium hydroxide (KOH) solution mixed with isopropyl alcohol (IPA), the quality of the silicon sidewalls has been improved by an anisotropic etching. Thus, the trenches wall surface has been smoothed and planed. (© 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Structure formation at the nanometric scale during current oscillations at the Si/electrolyte contact
Authors: Grzanna Jürgen , Notz Thilo , Stempel Thomas , Lewerenz Hans‐J. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractThe oxide structure formation process at the Si/electrolyte contact is considered during the anodic oxidation of n‐type silicon in fluoride containing solution. The morphological model is characterized by stress, cracks, nanopores and assumes two types of silicon oxide with different nanopore density which induces synchronization and leads to temporarily extended current oscillations. The Thickness Oscillator Model in a macroscopic and microscopic form is presented. For the macroscopic version a relation between the used integral equation (recurrence relation for the synchronization states) and the Helmholtz differential equation is presented in the case of sustained oscillations. Measurements and the microscopic model in the form of a spatio‐temporarily resolved two‐dimensional cellular automate visualize the oxide structure during current oscillations (© 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Electron irradiation induced defects in germanium‐doped Czochralski silicon substrates and diodes
Authors: Chen Jiahe , Vanhellemont Jan , Simoen Eddy , Lauwaert Johan , Vrielinck Henk , Rafi Joan Marc , Ohyama Hidenori , Weber Jörg , Yang Deren 
Published: November 2010

AbstractGe doping in Czochralski silicon (Cz‐Si) crystal has been proposed as a successful application of the so‐called “impurity engineering” leading to improved properties of Si wafers and/or devices. In an attempt to understand the beneficial effect of Ge doping on irradiation hardness for actual devices, substrates and p‐on‐n diodes, both with and without Ge doping, were exposed to electron irradiation and characterized using deep level transient spectroscopy (DLTS). Our results suggest a concentration of 1019 cm–3 Ge doping has only a limited effect on the total density of vacancy related deep levels in silicon (© 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Dopant profiles in silicon created by MeV hydrogen implantation: Influence of annealing parameters
Authors: Laven J.G. , Schulze H.‐J. , Häublein V. , Niedernostheide F.‐J. , Schulze H. , Ryssel H. , Frey L. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractDopant profiles created by MeV proton implantation in float zone and Czochralski silicon are examined with spreading resistance probe measurements after annealing in the temperature range of 300–500 °C. For the description of the profile shape, two species are used, one being the implanted and mobile hydrogen and the other being an immobile irradiation induced point defect complex. The diffusion of the implanted hydrogen through the radiation damaged layer is found to be of great relevance for the resulting depth distribution of the hydrogen related donors. An effective diffusion coefficient is given for implantation into float zone silicon. Furthermore, the profile shape varies significantly with the annealing temperature. It is proposed that two donor species are generated which each exhibit a different thermal stability, and that these two species have individual depth distributions. Profiles created in Czochralski silicon seem to be additionally affected by an enhanced generation of oxygen thermal donor species. (© 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Integrated demultiplexer and photodetector for short range transmission in the visible range
Authors: Louro P. , Vieira M. A. , Amaral S. , Fernandes M. , Costa J. , Vieira M. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractWe present results on the use of multilayered a‐SiC:H heterostructures as an integrated device for simultaneous measurement and wavelength‐division demultiplexing of optical signals. These devices are useful in optical communications applications that use the wavelength division multiplexing technique to encode multiple signals into the same transmission medium. The device is composed of two stacked p‐i‐n photodiodes, both optimized for the selective collection of the photo generated carriers. Band gap engineering was used to adjust the photogeneration and recombination rates profiles of the intrinsic absorber regions of each photodiode to short and long wavelength absorption and carrier collection in the visible spectrum. The generated photocurrent signal was analyzed at reverse and forward bias and under steady state illumination. A demux algorithm based on the voltage controlled sensitivity of the device was proposed and tested. An electrical model of the WDM device is presented and supported by the solution of the respective circuit equations. Short range optical communications constitute the major application field. (© 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Si and SiC nanocrystals in an amorphous SiC matrix: Formation and electrical properties
Authors: Gradmann Rena , Loeper Philipp , Künle Matthias , Rothfelder Marcel , Janz Stefan , Hermle Martin , Glunz Stefan 
Published: November 2010

AbstractLayers of Si nanocrystals in a dielectric matrix have promising properties to be implemented as the absorber layer in a top cell of a Si‐based tandem solar cell. Si nanocrystals in SiC are produced by plasma deposition of Si rich a‐SiC:H and subsequent solid phase crystallization by thermal annealing at temperatures between 800°C and 1000°C. The Si rich a‐SiC:H films were doped with boron by addition of diluted diborane (B2H6 in H2) to the plasma process. The microstructure was investigated for different gas fluxes and annealing procedures and the films were found to consist of amorphous or polycrystalline SiC with embedded Si nanocrystals. The microstructural results are then correlated with the electrical and optoelectronic properties. By choosing appropriate deposition parameters, the films micro‐structure could be modified such that the crystallization of both Si and SiC nanocrystals is favoured and the conductivity is enhanced. X‐ray diffraction (XRD) patterns show the formation of both Si and SiC nanocrystals after annealing at 900 °C, if the hydrogen flux in the plasma is large enough. The formation of SiC nanocrystals is confirmed by Fourier Transformed IR (FTIR) spectra where a transition from a Gaussian shaped peak of the amorphous SiC‐phase to a blueshifted Lorentzian peak of nanocrystalline SiC is observed. Dark dc IV measurements reveal the increase of conductivity with diluted diborane flux from 9.32 10–6 Ω–1cm–1 to 1.98 10–2 Ω–1cm–1 for a 1000 °C anneal. Increase of annealing temperature at constant doping also increases conductivity by about two orders of magnitude. (© 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)