bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis of the diagnostic performance of PAX1/SOX1 gene methylation in cervical precancerous lesions and its role in triage diagnosis
Authors: Fan Chunli , Hu Junbo , Luo Ting , Dong Binhua , Li Hongying , Wang Weipeng , Yan Jiong , Cai Hongning 
Published: May 2024

AbstractMethylation panels, tools for investigating epigenetic changes associated with diseases like cancer, can identify DNA methylation patterns indicative of disease, providing diagnostic or prognostic insights. However, the application of methylation panels focusing on the sex‐determining region Y‐box 1 (SOX1) and paired box gene 1 (PAX1) genes for diagnosing cervical lesions is under‐researched. This study aims to examine the diagnostic performance of PAX1/SOX1 gene methylation as a marker for cervical precancerous lesions and its potential application in triage diagnosis. From September 2022 to April 2023, 181 patients with abnormal HPV‐DNA tests or cytological exam results requiring colposcopy were studied at Hubei Maternal and Child Health Hospital, China. Data were collected from colposcopy, cytology, HPV‐DNA tests, and PAX1/SOX1 methylation detection. Patients were categorized as control, cervical intraepithelial neoplasia Grade 1 (CIN1), Grade 2 (CIN2), Grade 3 (CIN3), and cervical cancer (CC) groups based on histopathology. We performed HPV testing, liquid‐based cytology, and PAX1/SOX1 gene methylation testing. We evaluated the diagnostic value of methylation detection in cervical cancer using DNA methylation positivity rate, sensitivity, specificity, and area under the curve (AUC), and explored its potential for triage diagnosis. PAX1/SOX1 methylation positivity rates were: control 17.1%, CIN1 22.5%, CIN2 100.0%, CIN3 90.0%, and CC 100.0%. The AUC values for PAX1 gene methylation detection in diagnosing CIN1+, CIN2+, and CIN3+ were 0.52 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.43–0.62), 0.88 (95% CI: 0.80–0.97), and 0.88 (95% CI: 0.75–1.00), respectively. Corresponding AUC values for SOX1 gene methylation detection were 0.47 (95% CI: 0.40–0.58), 0.80 (95% CI: 0.68–0.93), and 0.92 (95% CI: 0.811–1.00), respectively. In HPV16/18‐negative patients, methylation detection showed sensitivity of 32.4% and specificity of 83.7% for CIN1+. For CIN2+ and CIN3+, sensitivity was all 100%, with specificities of 83.0% and 81.1%. Among the patients who underwent colposcopy examination, 166 cases had cytological examination results ≤ASCUS, of which 37 cases were positive for methylation, and the colposcopy referral rate was 22.29%. PAX1/SOX1 gene methylation detection exhibits strong diagnostic efficacy for cervical precancerous lesions and holds significant value in triage diagnosis.
Prevalence and diversity of imported severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 variants in China, 2021–2022
Authors: Feng Yenan , Zhao Xiang , Chen Zhixiao , Wu Yuchao , Li Lili , Wu Changcheng , Nie Kai , Yang Xiaoyu , Niu Peihua , Wang Ji , Wang Shiwen , Chen Cao 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe causative agent of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19), known as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2), has spread accumulatively to 240 countries and continues to evolve. To gain a comprehensive understanding of the epidemiological characteristics of imported variants in China and their correlation with global circulating variants, genomic surveillance data from 11 139 imported COVID‐19 cases submitted by Chinese provincial CDC laboratories between 2021 and 2022 were analyzed. Consensus sequences underwent rigorous quality checks, followed by amino acid mutations analysis using Nextclade. Sequences with satisfactory quality control status were classified according to the Pango nomenclature. The results showed that the dominant variants in imported cases reflected the global epidemic trend. An increase in the number of imported SARS‐CoV‐2 lineages monitored in China in the second half of 2022, and the circulating Omicron subvariants changed from the ancestral lineages of BA.5 and BA.2 into the lineages containing key amino acid mutations of spike protein. There was significant variation in the detection of Omicron subvariants among continents (χ2 = 321.968, p < 0.001) in the second half of 2022, with four lineages (BA.2.3.7, BA.2.2, BA.5.2.7, and XBB.1.2) identified through imported surveillance mainly prevalent respectively in Taiwan, China, Hong Kong SAR, China, Russian Federation, and Singapore. These findings revealed the alterations in circulating imported variants from 2021 to 2022 in China, reflecting the higher diversity of lineages in the second half of 2022, and revealed the predominant lineages of countries or regions that are in close contacts to China, providing new insights into the global prevalence of SARS‐CoV‐2.
Initial development of perceptions of ability and intent factors of (un)trustworthiness in short‐term teams
Authors: Fletcher Keaton A. , Summers James K. , Bedwell‐Torres Wendy L. , Humphrey Stephen E. , Thomas Sarah E. , Ramsay P. Scott 
Published: May 2024

SummaryIndividual perceptions of team trustworthiness are critical antecedents to the development of relationships within teams. Yet, clarity is needed regarding the focus of these individual perceptions and how they change, particularly at the outset of team interactions. Two distinct research streams have emerged regarding trustworthiness. One proposes a difference between perceived ability and intent, whereas the other proposes a difference between confident positive and negative expectations of others. Regardless of their structure, theory suggests that perceptions of team trustworthiness ought to develop across performance episodes as individuals identify more with their team and have more information about how they are performing. We explore these relationships across three distinct performance episodes in newly formed short‐term teams. Our results support a four‐factor model of trustworthiness within the context of short‐term, lab‐based teams. Further, perceptions regarding teammates' abilities tended to change quickly and curvilinearly while those regarding teammates' intents changed linearly. Positive team performance signals bolstered individual perceptions of team trustworthiness in ability and intent but not perceived team untrustworthiness. Negative team performance signals bolstered individual perceptions of team untrustworthiness in ability and intent while harming both types of individual perceptions of team trustworthiness. This study supports propositions from the model of trust over time and lays the groundwork for a comprehensive approach toward trust research within teams.
Inter‐comparison and validation of high‐resolution surface air temperature reanalysis fields over Italy
Authors: Cavalleri Francesco , Viterbo Francesca , Brunetti Michele , Bonanno Riccardo , Manara Veronica , Lussana Cristian , Lacavalla Matteo , Maugeri Maurizio 
Published: May 2024

AbstractSurface air temperature (t2m) data are essential for understanding climate dynamics and assessing the impacts of climate change. Reanalysis products, which combine observations with retrospective short‐range weather forecasts, can provide consistent and comprehensive datasets. ERA5 represents the state‐of‐the‐art in global reanalyses and supplies initial and boundary conditions for higher‐resolution regional reanalyses designed to capture finer‐scale atmospheric processes. However, these products require validation, especially in complex terrains like Italy. This study analyses the capability of different reanalysis products to reproduce t2m fields over Italy during the 1991–2020 period. The analyses encompass ERA5, ERA5‐Land, the MEteorological Reanalysis Italian DAtaset (MERIDA), the Copernicus European Regional ReAnalysis (CERRA), and the Very High‐Resolution dynamical downscaling of ERA5 REAnalysis over ITaly (VHR‐REA_IT). The validation we conduct pertains to both the spatial distribution of 30‐year seasonal and annual normal values and the daily anomaly records. Each reanalysis is compared with observations projected onto its respective grid positions and elevations, overcoming any model bias resulting from an inaccurate representation of the real topography. Key findings reveal that normal values in reanalyses closely match observational values, with deviations typically below 1°C. However, in the Alps, winter cold biases sometimes exceed 3°C and show a relation with the elevation. Similar deviations occur in the Apennines, Sicily, and Sardinia. Conversely, VHR‐REA_IT shows a warm bias in the Po Valley up to 3°C in summer. Daily anomalies generally exhibit lower errors, with MERIDA showing the highest accuracy and correlation with observational fields. Moreover, when aggregating daily anomalies to annual time scales, the errors in the anomaly records rapidly decrease to <0.5°C. The results of this study empower reanalysis users across multiple sectors to gain a more profound insight into the capabilities and constraints of different reanalysis products. The knowledge and the characterization of the reanalyses t2m bias against observations can indeed be crucial when incorporating these products into their research and practical applications.
Is Creativity Expressed at Home Related to Creativity Expressed at School? A Re‐Examination of the Creativity Gap with Gifted and Nongifted Students
Authors: Abdulla Alabbasi Ahmed M. , Runco Mark A. , Almutairi Maha S. , Ayoub Alaa Eldin A. 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACTPrevious research suggests that environment can play an important role in encouraging or discouraging creative expression and productivity. Additional research has uncovered a discrepancy between the creativity students express at school and the creativity they express outside of school. The fact that, in previous research, students expressed more creativity outside of school than when in school implies that school discourages creativity. So far, the creativity gap has only been studied with nongifted students. One objective of the present investigation was to check for a similar discrepancy among gifted learners. Four hundred and eighty‐seven middle school and high school students from the State of Kuwait (240 gifted and 247 nongifted) were recruited. The Creativity Activities and Accomplishment Checklist (CAAC) was administered to compare students' creative activities at home and school. The primary finding of this investigation was that the strength of the relationship between creativity at home and creativity at school differed in gifted and nongifted students. What was called a creativity gap existed in both groups, but it was smaller in the gifted group. A second finding was that gifted students expressed more creativity at school compared with the nongifted group, in particular CAAC domains. There were no differences between the gifted and the nongifted groups in the creativity expressed at home, except for one subscale, namely everyday creativity. Although gifted students expressed more creativity at school, compared with their nongifted peers, they were nonetheless more creative at home compared with school. Finally, hierarchical regression analyses indicated that measure of personality significantly moderated the relationship between creativity at home and creativity at school. Limitations and future directions are discussed.
Associations between periodontitis and serum anti‐malondialdehyde–acetaldehyde antibody concentrations in rheumatoid arthritis: A case‐control study
Authors: Lee Joyce A. , Mikuls Ted R. , Sayles Harlan R. , Thiele Geoffrey M. , Duryee Michael J. , Payne Jeffrey B. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundMalondialdehyde–acetaldehyde (MAA) adducts lead to generation of anti‐MAA autoantibodies and have been independently identified in inflamed periodontal and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) tissues. This study evaluates serum samples from RA cases and osteoarthritis (OA) controls to quantify associations between periodontal clinical measures, alveolar bone loss (ABL), and anti‐Porphyromonas gingivalis, anti‐Prevotella intermedia, and anti‐Fusobacterium nucleatum antibody concentrations with anti‐MAA antibody concentrations.MethodsParticipants (n = 284 RA cases, n = 330 OA controls) underwent periodontal clinical assessments and ABL measurements. Serum immunoglobulin (Ig) A, IgG, and IgM anti‐MAA and serum IgG antibacterial antibody concentrations were quantified by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Analyses utilized simple linear regression and multivariable adjusted models.ResultsNo significant associations of periodontal clinical measures with serum anti‐MAA were found. Moderate (p = 0.038 and p = 0.036, respectively) and high ABL (p = 0.012 and p = 0.014, respectively) in RA cases (but not in OA) were positively associated with IgG and IgM anti‐MAA. Anti‐P. gingivalis and anti‐P. intermedia antibody concentrations were positively associated with IgA (p = 0.001 for both), IgG (p = 0.007 and p = 0.034, respectively), and IgM anti‐MAA antibody concentrations (p < 0.001 and p = 0.020, respectively), while anti‐F. nucleatum was positively associated with IgG anti‐MAA (p = 0.042), findings that were similar across groups.ConclusionsA positive association was demonstrated between ABL and serum IgG and IgM anti‐MAA antibody concentrations that was unique to RA and not observed in OA. Serum anti‐P. gingivalis, anti‐P. intermedia, and anti‐F. nucleatum antibody concentrations displayed significant associations with anti‐MAA antibody in both groups. These findings suggest MAA may play a role in the interrelationship between the periodontium and RA.
Morphological effect on Core@shell AuAg nanoparticles for detecting p‐aminothiophenol dimerization by surface‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy
Authors: de la Cabeza Fernández María , Alvear‐Jiménez Alexis , Forte‐Castro Arantxa , Contreras‐Cáceres Rafael , López‐Ramírez María Rosa 
Published: May 2024

AbstractA series of non‐spherical metallic Au and bimetallic core@shell AuAg nanoparticles (NPs) have been synthesized for SERS improvements. The bimetallic core@shell AuAg NPs were obtained through a controlled overgrowth of an Ag shell onto the surface of two types of non‐spherical Au NPs, used as seeds, Au nanooctaheda (Au NOc) and Au nanotriangles (Au NTs). This Ag overgrowth was able to produce bimetallic core@shell structures such as nanocubes and nanopyramids, respectively. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was used to determine the particle size and particle morphology for metallic and bimetallic NPs, and energy‐dispersive X‐ray (EDX) elemental mapping analysis confirmed the core@shell structure of the bimetallic NPs. The plasmonic absorption bands exhibited for each nanosystem were observed by UV–vis spectroscopy. The concentration of Au and Ag in the bimetallic systems was determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP‐MS). After synthesis and characterization, p‐aminothiophenol (PATP) was used as a model analyte to investigate the surface‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) capabilities of the synthesized metallic and bimetallic nanosystems. In PATP, a dimerization reaction to 4,4′‐dimercaptoazobenzene (DMAB) is produced when it is adsorbed onto the surface of certain noble metals. This SERS analysis was performed at 10−4 M of PATP and by using two different laser wavelengths (532 and 785 nm) in all cases. In this context, we were able to detect the dimerization reaction of PATP to DMAB only for the bimetallic structures and under the 532 nm laser line. Moreover, we have found that the dimerization capacity also depends on the nanoparticle morphology.
The doctors' perception of skin diseases in general practice in Denmark, with emphasis on atopic dermatitis: A descriptive study
Authors: Sofie Froelunde Anne , Deleuran Mette , Thomsen Janus L. , Vestergaard Christian 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundSkin symptoms are a common reason for consulting a medical doctor, for example a general practitioner (GP) in countries where GPs function as gatekeepers. Despite this, GPs have very sparse dermatological training in their Residency programme.ObjectivesTo investigate management and challenges of skin diseases, in particular atopic dermatitis (AD), in general practice from the GPs' point of view.MethodsA survey was sent out to all 298 GPs in the North Region of Denmark on 5 April 2022 and data collection continued until 8 June 2022. The survey contained three sections; demographic information about the GP, patients with dermatological problems in general practice, and lastly load, management, and perception of AD in general practice.ResultsA total of 94 GPs (31.5%) responded to the survey. Sixty‐four percent of the GPs reported that 5%–10% of their consultations concerned dermatology, and 25% reported that in more than 10% of their consultations, patients have a secondary skin problem. Top three most frequent skin diagnoses were rated to be seborrhoeic keratoses, children with AD, and acne.ConclusionsConsultations for skin diseases are very common in general practice, and very often, patients bring up their skin issue secondary to another problem. Forty‐three percent of GPs in our study had taken postgraduate training in dermatology, which underlines the need for more dermatological education in the GPs' residency programme. Patients with AD are treated according to guidelines, and GPs find consultations with patients with AD complex. Lastly, there is a high rate of reconsultations for patients with AD.
Ultrafast Laser Direct Writing Nanogratings and their Engineering in Transparent Materials
Authors: Yao Heng , Pugliese Diego , Lancry Matthieu , Dai Ye 
Published: May 2024

AbstractFemtosecond laser direct writing is a powerful technique for fabricating micro‐nano devices as it can modify the interior of transparent optical materials in a spatially selective manner through nonlinear multi‐photon absorption. In this context, laser‐induced nanogratings, i.e., a sub‐wavelength assembly of nanolayers (≈20 nm in width, ≈200 nm period), are ultrashort self‐organized structures created by light in the bulk of transparent materials. These have been intensively explored over the last two decades opening a novel era of micro photonic devices due to their unique physicochemical properties, like orientable form birefringence, anisotropic light scattering, highly selective chemical etching, optical chirality, and extraordinary thermal stability. This review provides a throughout overview of the advances in this field, specifically focused on the formation of nanogratings, optical properties that can be exploited in various transparent solids, and the related main applications. Also, the fundamental characteristics, formation mechanism, tuning methods of nanogratings are reviewed.
Using incident reports to diagnose communication challenges for precision intervention in learning health systems: A methods paper
Authors: Clark Rebecca R. S. , Klaiman Tamar , Sliwinski Kathy , Hamm Rebecca F. , Flores Emilia 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIntroductionPoor communication is a leading root cause of preventable maternal mortality in the United States. Communication challenges are compounded with the presence of biases, including racism. Hospital administrators and clinicians are often aware that communication is a problem, but understanding where to intervene can be difficult to determine. While clinical leadership routinely reviews incident reports and acts on them to improve care, we hypothesized that reviewing incident reports in a systematic way might reveal thematic patterns, providing targeted opportunities to improve communication in direct interaction with patients and within the healthcare team itself.MethodsWe abstracted incident reports from the Women's Health service and linked them with patient charts to join patient's race/ethnicity, birth outcome, and presence of maternal morbidity and mortality to the incident report. We conducted a qualitative content analysis of incident reports using an inductive and deductive approach to categorizing communication challenges. We then described the intersection of different types of communication challenges with patient race/ethnicity and morbidity outcomes.ResultsThe use of incident reports to conduct research on communication was new for the health system. Conversations with health system‐level stakeholders were important to determine the best way to manage data. We developed a thematic codebook based on prior research in healthcare communication. We found that we needed to add codes that were equity focused, as this was missing from the existing codebook. We also found that clinical and contextual expertise was necessary for conducting the analysis—requiring more resources to conduct coding than initially estimated. We shared our findings back with leadership iteratively during the work.ConclusionsIncident reports represent a promising source of health system data for rapid improvement to transform organizational practice around communication. There are barriers to conducting this work in a rapid manner, however, that require further iteration and innovation.
iPSC‐derived NK cells with site‐specific integration of CAR19 and IL24 at the multi‐copy rDNA locus enhanced antitumor activity and proliferation
Authors: Zhang Yuxuan , Shi Qingxin , Wang Peiyun , Huang Chujun , Tang Shuqing , Zhou Miaojin , Hu Qian , Wu Lingqian , Liang Desheng 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe generation of chimeric antigen receptor‐modified natural killer (CAR‐NK) cells using induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) has emerged as one of the paradigms for manufacturing off‐the‐shelf universal immunotherapy. However, there are still some challenges in enhancing the potency, safety, and multiple actions of CAR‐NK cells. Here, iPSCs were site‐specifically integrated at the ribosomal DNA (rDNA) locus with interleukin 24 (IL24) and CD19‐specific chimeric antigen receptor (CAR19), and successfully differentiated into iPSC‐derived NK (iNK) cells, followed by expansion using magnetic beads in vitro. Compared with the CAR19‐iNK cells, IL24 armored CAR19‐iNK (CAR19‐IL24‐iNK) cells showed higher cytotoxic capacity and amplification ability in vitro and inhibited tumor progression more effectively with better survival in a B‐cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (B‐ALL) (Nalm‐6 (Luc1))‐bearing mouse model. Interestingly, RNA‐sequencing analysis showed that IL24 may enhance iNK cell function through nuclear factor kappa B (NFκB) pathway‐related genes while exerting a direct effect on tumor cells. This study proved the feasibility and potential of combining IL24 with CAR‐iNK cell therapy, suggesting a novel and promising off‐the‐shelf immunotherapy strategy.
Feasibility of replacing face‐to‐face with telephone interviews for the World Mental Health Qatar survey during the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Khaled Salma M. , Amro Iman , Bader Lina , Lee Holmes John , Diop Abdoulaye , Le Trung Kien 
Published: May 2024

AbstractObjectivesWe investigated the feasibility of replacing face‐to‐face with telephone interviews conducted as part of the World Mental Health Qatar (WMHQ) survey and discuss the main methodological changes across the two pilots that were subsequently implemented in the full‐scale WMHQ telephone survey.MethodsWe assessed the net mode effect by comparing the lifetime prevalence estimates of the main mental disorder classes (mood and anxiety disorders) and a number of disorders across the two survey pilots conducted prior to and post‐pandemic.ResultsThe main differences in terms of methodology for both pilots stemmed from differences in the survey mode, including questionnaire length, study recruitment method, and fielding team size and structure. These factors influenced response rates and costs. However, the lifetime prevalence estimates and other key indicators of survey results did not differ across modes.ConclusionsOur findings confirm the comparability of data collected via telephone and face‐to‐face modes, supporting the adoption of telephone surveys for future mental health studies, particularly in the context of pandemics. They also confirm the feasibility of changing or mixing modes depending on field conditions in future psychiatric epidemiological research.