bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Potential health hazards related to the trace metal accumulation in grass samples obtained near industrial area in Tshwane North district, South Africa.
Authors: Matlou Arnold Thabang , Lebepe Jeffrey , Sethoga Lesibana , Molefe Dan 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

The growing accumulation of trace metals (TMs) from Industrial emissions on vegetation has generated anxiety regarding the integrity of consumable goods by mankind considering that TMs may migrate into the dietary system via accumulation on the grazable grass by domestic livestock. The research project examined the levels of TMs in various grass samples collected near industrial sites in Tshwane District, South Africa, using the ICP-OES technique. The mean concentrations of TMs in the grass samples were in the following order Fe > Mn > Pb > Ni > Cr > Cu > Zn. Moreover, the overall concentrations of TMs in grass were found to be above the permissible limits for plants (4567.2 - 25638.6 mg/kg) Fe, (178.3 - 193.6 mg/kg) Ni, (159.3 - 183.7 mg/kg) Cu, (78.5 - 308.5 mg/kg) Zn, (21.8 - 424.5 mg/kg) Cr, (121.5 - 449.5 mg/kg) Mn, and (19.0 - 689.3 mg/kg) Pb. The research has further indicated that metals obtained from industrial activities have higher possibilities for growth in comparison to metals that originate naturally. By including TMs movement indicators into the ecological evaluation metric, mistakes in determining the true danger of these metals' possible plant uptake and subsequent circulation can be reduced.
Comparative in vivo modulation transfer function (MTF) in refractive multifocal and monofocal IOLs using a pyramidal sensor aberrometer
Authors: Alio Jorge , D'Oria Francesco , Ho Yi-Ju , Versaci Francesco , barrio Jorge Alio del 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

A prospective, consecutive, comparative, case series study was conducted to study and compare in vivo the retinal image quality following implantation with different multifocal refractive IOLs by analyzing the point spread function (PSF) Strehl ratio and the modulation transfer function (MTF) using a pyramidal wavefront sensor (PWS)-based aberrometer. This study included 90 eyes of 70 patients implanted with: (a) 19 AcrySof SA60AT (control group); (b) 24 LENTIS LS-313 MF30; c) 33 LENTIS LS-313 MF15; (d) 20 Precizon Presbyopic. Main outcome measures were MTFa, PSF Strehl ratio, PSF Strehl ratio excluding second-order aberrations (PSFw2), total root mean square, low-order aberration and high-order aberration. SA60AT (group A) showed the highest values of MTFa at 3.0, 4.0 and 5.0 mm pupil sizes (17.53 ± 4.72,15.82 ± 4.19 and 15.39 ± 3.23), followed by Oculentis MF15 (14.57 ± 4.22, 12.57 ± 3.12, 10.1 ± 2.54). There were not significant differences at 2.0 mm pupil size among groups. MTFa significantly changed with pupil diameter in groups B, C and D; however, SA60AT MTFa value wasn’t affected by pupil size. The analysis of PSF and MTFa using a PWS-based aberrometer may guide physicians in IOL selection.
Study on the water conductivity of large-scale boundary fault of the mine field and the design of water-proof coal pillar
Authors: Chen Yingzhou , Zhu Shuyun , Zhu Guanyu , Fang Han 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

The paper investigates the permeability of large-scale boundary fault and its impact on coal pillar design, focusing on the major large-scale boundary reverse fault labeled as F22 and the derived reverse fault labeled as FN1 in the III3 mining area of Zhuxianzhuang coal mine, which is belong to the Huaibei Mining Bureau. Employing a comprehensive approach integrating on-site sampling, laboratory test, underground water discharge tests, numerical simulation, and analog analysis, the aquifer conductivity of the fault is obtained. Drilling sampled the fault zone and surrounding strata, followed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) tests and microscopic observations to determine mineral composition and microfracture structure characteristics, yielding preliminary permeability analysis. Underground water discharge tests confirmed that F22 is a non-water-conducting fault under undisturbed conditions. Subsequently, a numerical model incorporating the mining area's major large-scale boundary fault was established based on stratigraphic profiles of prospecting lines, analyzing mining-induced changes in aquifer conductivity of the F22 and FN1 faults during the excavation of 10th coal seam. Results show the FN1 fault acting as a stress barrier during mining, becoming the primary water inrush channel post-excavation. Finally, complying with regulations, we determined the width of water-proof coal pillar for the FN1 fault aligning with simulation findings. These insights and methodologies are crucial for the safety management of large-scale boundary fault in Zhuxianzhuang coal mine and similar mining conditions.
Required Fatigue Strength (RFS) – A Simple Concept for Determining an Equivalent Stress Range Indicating the Necessary Minimum Joint Quality in Contrast to the Actual Modified Equivalent Strength (MES) Method
Authors: Baumgartner Joerg , Breitenberger Marco , Sonsino Cetin Morris 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

This paper treats different FAT-scenarios for determining damage-equivalent stress ranges according to two methods for transforming a stress or load spectrum into a damage-equivalent constant amplitude loading, i.e., the Modified Equivalent Stress (MES) and the Required Fatigue Strength (RFS) concepts. The MES method is suggested by the IIW-recommendations for fatigue design and the RFS method is applied especially in the design of vehicle safety components. The resulting MES- and RFS-ranges are similar, but not equal.
The MES-method delivers a damage-equivalent stress range that depends on the selected FAT-value, i.e., the position of the Woehler-curve is decisive. In contrast, the RFS-method results in a damage-equivalent fictitious Woehler-line that indicates the lowest necessary strength quality for a given stress spectrum.
The allocation of the modified equivalent stress range to the appertaining bi-linear Woehler-curve does not result in the fatigue life caused by the spectrum. Only in the case of a linear Woehler-curve, the fatigue life is directly obtained. In the case of the RFS-application, the fatigue life is by definition equal to the spectrum length.
For durability tests, the modified equivalent stress range (at LS cycles) and the associated FAT-Woehler-curve should not be used. However, the Woehler-curve derived by the RFS-method allows experimental durability proofs for any amplitude-cycle combination along it. Furthermore, the required lowest necessary strength also enables the selection of the most cost-effective manufacturing technique and quality. The RFS-Woehler-curve also results in a FAT-value with a defined probability of failure depending on the required safety factor.
Forecasting future scenarios of coastline changes in Turkiye's Seyhan Basin: a comparative analysis of statistical methods and Kalman Filtering (2033–2043)
Authors: GÜMÜŞ Münevver Gizem 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Complex changes in coastlines are increasing with climate, sea level, and human impacts. Remote Sensing (RS) and Geographic Information Systems (GIS) provide critical information to rapidly and precisely monitor environmental changes in coastal areas and to understand and respond to environmental, economic, and social impacts. This study was aimed at determining the temporal changes in the coastline of the Seyhan Basin, which is one of the basins significantly affected by climate change and drought in Turkiye. In this context, approximately 50 km of coastline was automatically extracted on the Google Earth Engine (GEE) platform using Landsat satellite images from 1985–2023. This coastline was divided into 3 different regions, and spatial analysis was performed with different statistical proportioning techniques (EPR, LRR, NSM, SCE, and WLR) according to years with the Digital Shoreline Analysis System (DSAS) tool. In addition, to determine whether there is a statistically significant difference between the results obtained from the different methods used to determine the coastal change, the Kruskal-Wallis H test and ANOVA test were applied by min-max normalization. The amounts of erosion and deposition found according to different methods vary by region. Statistical differences were found between the methods used, varying by region. In general, NSM and EPR methods provided similar results in determining coastal changes, while other methods differed by region. In the study, the Kalman filtering model was also used to predict the coastline for the years 2033 and 2043 and to identify areas that are vulnerable to erosion and deposition on the future coastline. Comparisons were made to determine the performance of Kalman filtering. In the 10-year and 20-year future forecasts for determining the coastline for the years 2033 and 2043 with the Kalman filtering model, it was determined that the excessive prediction time negatively affected the performance in determining the coastal boundary changes.
Exploring the protective capabilities developed by hospital nurses to deflect workplace violence：A qualitative study in Taiwan
Authors: Wang Tsu-Chi , Kuo Ting-Ya , Tung Tao-Hsin , Chen Peter Y. , Chen Fu-Li 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background: Workplace violence for healthcare sector is a serious safety hazard and has attracted much attention worldwide, especially for nursing staff. Equipping nursing personnel with protective capabilities for workplace violence can reduce the risk they face in work settings. This study is to explore the scenarios of common violent patient–nurse conflicts in the workplace of hospital nursing staff, as well as their capability for de-escalating such conflicts.
Methods: Qualitative interviews were conducted with 21 nurses in two teaching hospitals in New Taipei City, Taiwan, until data saturation was reached. The data were transcribed, encoded, analyzed and similar concepts were grouped under the same category.
Results:Four categories of workplace violence scenarios common to hospital nursing staff were identified: unreasonable requests, caring for high-risk patients, long waiting time for medical consultation, and close contact when caring for patients. Furthermore, two protective capabilities were recognized: communication and interpersonal capabilities and problem-solving skills. Each scenario may require a different combination of abilities.
Conclusion: Ourfindingssuggest that a violence-prevention training program couldbe designed for various workplace violence scenarios to enhance nurses’ abilities for de-escalating workplace violence in hospitals.
Transcriptome analysis of resistant and susceptible M. truncatula genotypes in response to the necrotrophic fungus A. medicaginicola
Authors: Botkin Jacob , Curtin Shaun 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Ascochyta blights cause yield losses in all major legume crops. Spring black stem (SBS) and leaf spot disease is a major foliar disease of Medicago truncatula and M. sativa (alfalfa) caused by the necrotrophic fungus Ascochyta medicaginicola. This present study sought to identify candidate genes for SBS disease resistance for future functional validation. We employed RNA-seq to profile the transcriptomes of a resistant (HM078) and susceptible (A17) genotype of M. truncatula at 24, 48, and 72 hours post inoculation. Preliminary microscopic examination showed reduced pathogen growth on the resistant genotype. In total, 192 and 2,908 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were observed in the resistant and susceptible genotype, respectively. Functional enrichment analysis revealed the susceptible genotype engaged in processes in the cell periphery and plasma membrane, as well as flavonoid biosynthesis whereas the resistant genotype utilized calcium ion binding, cell wall modifications, and external encapsulating structures. Candidate genes for disease resistance were selected based on criteria, among the top ten upregulated genes in the resistant genotype, upregulated over time in the resistant genotype, hormone pathway genes, plant disease resistance genes, receptor-like kinases, contrasting expression profiles in QTL for disease resistance, and upregulated genes in enriched pathways. Overall, 19 candidate genes for SBS disease resistance were identified with support from the literature. These genes will be sources for future targeted mutagenesis and candidate gene validation potentially helping to improve disease resistance to this devastating foliar pathogen.
A Mosquito Distribution Prediction Method Based on High-Resolution Remote Sensing Maps and the Combination of Deep Learning and Machine Learning
Authors: Liu Quanchao , Zhu Dingwei , Sun Huayun , Zou Yaming , Zhu Ding , Zhang Xin , Lan Cejie 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Objective
To establish a mosquito distribution prediction model using high-resolution remote sensing maps and machine learning deep learning to determine the risk distribution of mosquito-borne infectious disease vectors and provide a decision-making basis for precise prevention and control.
Method
From March to November 2017–2021, a mosquito survey was conducted at 20 mosquito monitoring points in Wuxi City. High-resolution remote sensing image semantic segmentation was used to identify the ground features of a 250 meter radius buffer zone at the mosquito monitoring points. The typical correlation between the number of mosquitoes and ground features was analyzed, and an XGBoost model was established.
Results
A total of 5 types of mosquitoes were observed through the investigation, namely, Culex pipiens pallens, Culex trituberculatus, Anopheles sinensis, Aedes albopictus, and Aedes disturbance, representing 56.5%, 31.7%, 5.0%, 4.0%, and 1.7% of the observed mosquitos, respectively. The accuracy of the land feature data obtained by machine recognition and manual interpretation reaches 70%. The correlation coefficient between the ground feature data and mosquito distribution is 0.892. The accuracy, recall, precision, and F1-score of the dominant species prediction models are 0.916, 0.875, 0.857, and 0.865, respectively, while those for the common species are 0.758, 0.669, 0.733, and 0.699, respectively.
Conclusion
The prediction model established by machine learning deep learning can effectively predict the distribution of mosquitoes and provide a decision-making basis for precise prevention and control.
Building Bridges: Enhancing Cultural Understanding and Community Engagement in the CHAMPS Program – Experience sought from Gobe Challa Village, Ethiopia
Authors: Leulseged Haleluya , Abdi Faisel , Mohamed Abdella , Wakoya Getahun , Aliyi Mohamed , Tesfaye Adane , Yali Segni , Mohamed Khalifa , Mohamed Akile , Yilma Eden , Saboka Mulualem , Bifle Maji , Workalemawu Serkalem , Hussein Obsitu , Aklilu Freedom , Eshetu Hawi , Tafa Mestu , Ahmed Obsa , Abdo Mohamed , Madrid Lola , Assefa Nega 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Public health programs' successful implementation often requires a thorough consideration ⁠ of local cultural contexts and effective community engagement. The complexities and obstacles that public health initiatives may face in culturally ⁠ diverse communities are highlighted by our case study, offering valuable insights.‍ This article focuses on analyzing a particular incident that occurred in Gobe Challa Village, connected ⁠ to the implementation of the Child Health and Mortality Prevention Surveillance (CHAMPS) program. In Gobe Challa Village, an incident occurred that centered on discord within the community and religious fears, resulting ⁠ from misunderstandings surrounding and a general lack of comprehension about the CHAMPS program. Our resolution process involved engaging the community, and religious leaders in constructive dialogue. Throughout this involvement, we delivered extensive elucidation on the aims and ⁠ protocols of the CHAMPS program, mitigating conflicts within the community. The community successfully achieved acceptance of the CHAMPS program by directly ⁠ and respectfully addressing misconceptions and fears, fostering a common understanding. This study emphasizes the significance of effective communication, community engagement, and ⁠ consideration of cultural customs when implementing public health programs. The experiences derived from this incident can act as a practical ⁠ manual for future public health initiatives encountering analogous cultural and societal dynamics. The main emphasis is on highlighting how a proactive, sensitive, and inclusive approach can ⁠ alleviate potential conflicts while also promoting program acceptance and encouraging community engagement. These discoveries have relevance to various public health initiatives and emphasize the significance ⁠ of a culturally conscious, community-involved approach in executing global health programs.‍
Investigation of Depression and Clinical Factors in Adolescent Temporomandibular Disorder Patients with Aging
Authors: Kim Tae-Seok , Lee Yeon-Hee 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background
Temporomandibular disorder (TMD) is a musculoskeletal disorder characterized by functional limitations and pain in the masticatory muscle and the temporomandibular joint. In adolescent, TMD can significantly impact mental health and lead to psychosocial disabilities. This study aims to investigate the correlation between the depression, as assessed by the Symptom-Checklist-90-Revised (SCL-90-R) and clinical factors in adolescent patients with TMD.
Methods
This study included a total of 185 adolescents (69 males, 116 females, mean age 15.15 ± 2.17) diagnosed with TMD between November 2020 and May 2023. Patients were categorized into three age groups: 46 young adolescents aged 10-13, 78 middle adolescents aged 14-16, and 61 older adolescents aged 17-18. Clinical data were collected from the medical records at the patients’ initial visit. Depression of patients was evaluated with SCL-90-R.
Results
Depression of adolescent TMD patients exhibited strong correlation with age (rho=0.193, p=0.004). In the adolescent TMD patients, depression scores were significantly associated with stressful conditions (rho=0.347, p<0.0001), sleep problems (rho=0.249, p=0.001), dysfunction index (rho=0.243, p=0.001), presence of tinnitus (rho=0.225, p=0.002), craniomandibular index (rho=0.218, p=0.003), history of trauma (rho=0.207, p=0.005), and habitual irregular diet (rho=0.189, p=0.010). In the generalized linear model, depression exhibited the most significant association with aging (B=2.651, 95% CI: 0.363-4.940), followed by clenching habits (B=1.433, 95% CI: 0.170-2.696), obsessive-compulsiveness (B=0.581, 95% CI: 0.427-0.735), and somatization (B=0.246, 95% CI: 0.047-0.445). In contrast, pain intensity, pain duration, and joint noise were not significantly related with depression in adolescent TMD patients (p>0.05). Also, osteoarthritis in panoramic image was not significantly associated with depression in adolescent TMD patients (p>0.05).
Conclusion
With the results of this study, clinicians would be able to evaluate the depression state of adolescent TMD patients with concise clinical information.
6CaO·6BaO·7Al 2 O 3 Thin Films Derived by Sol–Gel Process
Authors: Chavhan P. M. , Sharma R. K. , Kaushik N. K. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

A novel 6CaO·6BaO·7Al2O3 (C6B6A7) thin film has been coated onto soda lime float glass substrates via a sol–gel dip coating technique is reported. X-ray diffraction analysis showed deformed cubic crystal structure for C6B6A7 films sample annealed at 450°C. The spectral transmittance of C6B6A7 films reveal that the optical properties of the films have been affected by annealing at 450°C in air and hydrogen (H2) atmosphere. The C6B6A7 films prepared using 5 (wt.%) sol and annealed at 450°C in air and hydrogen (H2) atmosphere exhibits an average transmittance of ~ 88% and ~ 77% respectively in wide visible range. The sheet resistance of the 150 nm films corresponding to 256.3 and 6.43 kilo Ohms per square has been observed for air and H2 annealed, respectively.
Unraveling the interplay of the soil microbiome and (poly)phenol content in blueberry in response to disturbances
Authors: Thomas Maxime , Lamara Mebarek , Desjardins Yves , Asselin Hugo , Fenton Nicole J. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Aims
Disturbances exert direct and indirect effects on plants through alterations of soil properties and microbiota composition. This can induce stress, resulting in modifications of plants’ phytochemical profile. This in turn can affect the possibility for Indigenous people to engage in cultural activities depending on wild plants used as food or medicine. As a case study, we evaluated correlations between (poly)phenols in Vaccinium angustifolium fruits, disturbances from mining and hydroelectric activities, soil properties, and soil microbiome composition.
Methods
We collected fruit and soil samples in the territories of three Indigenous communities in eastern Canada. Fruits were analyzed for their concentrations in anthocyanins, proanthocyanidins and other (poly)phenols. Soil microbial DNA was extracted to reconstruct bacterial and fungal communities. A secondary subset of soil samples was used to measure soil properties. Relationships between soil, disturbances and (poly)phenols were investigated using multivariate analyses.
Results
Disturbances affected soil properties and microbiome, but not fruit (poly)phenol content. Two soil bacterial classes unaffected by disturbances, Bacilli and Desulfitobacteriia, were positively correlated with levels of proanthocyanidines and delphinidin-, cyanidin-, and petunidin-3-glucoside in fruits.
Conclusion
Disturbances did not affect (poly)phenol content in V. angustifolium fruits. However, mine disturbances may contaminate fruits with pollutants detrimental to human health, which should be evaluated before drawing conclusions about the effect of disturbances on plant nutritional and medicinal properties. Some soil bacterial classes seem to enhance the (poly)phenolic content of V. angustifolium fruits, suggesting that a strategy could be developed for enhancing the nutritional and medicinal properties of this culturally salient species.
Mobile health for obsessive-compulsive disorder: users’ preference and perception of patient-centeredness
Authors: Araújo Ana Isabel , Pereira Ana Telma , Duarte Isabel Catarina , Cardoso Remy , Castelo-Branco Miguel , Macedo António 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Purpose: The increasingly fast development of mHealth technologies, despite being potentially valuable for patients with mental health problems, has not been accompanied by the incorporation of patient preferences and expectations. Considering that this is a crucial factor for sustained adherence and driven by the belief that the specific characteristics (young and highly educated) of individuals with obsessive-compulsive disorder are suitable for digital adoption, we sought to investigate mHealth-related desirability factors in this patient population. Fifty-one adults with obsessive-compulsive disorder filled in a self-report questionnaire to evaluate symptom self-management preferences, with a particular emphasis on exploring mHealth options, and a questionnaire about perceptions of patient-centeredness. Results: The smartphone phone app was the top choice of most of the sample for receiving information about symptom status (82.4%), receiving general information about obsessive-compulsive disorder (74.5%), and symptom self-registering (66.7%), with no effect of sex or living location. Although only 23.5% were using a health-related app, most of the participants reported that they would like to use it to receive tips about symptom management (98.1%), medical advice (94.2%), information about symptom evolution (90.2%) and lifestyle (92.2%), fill in their medication status (88.2%), and a short symptom self-report questionnaire (90.2%). The median mHealth-related expected impact on patient perceptions of patient-centeredness, satisfaction, and adherence was positive or very positive. Conclusion: Our data confirms that individuals with OCD show a strong inclination and optimistic expectations regarding technology-based solutions and elucidates some of the preferences of this patient group with potential of translating into real-world app design.