bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Changing US Support for Public Health Data Use Through Pandemic and Political Turmoil
Authors: SCHMIT CASON D. , LARSON BRIAN N. , TANABE THOMAS , RAMEZANI MAHIN , ZHENG QI , KUM HYE‐CHUNG 
Published: May 2024

Policy Points
This study examines the impact of several world‐changing events in 2020, such as the pandemic and widespread racism protests, on the US population's comfort with the use of identifiable data for public health. Before the 2020 election, there was no significant difference between Democrats and Republicans. However, African Americans exhibited a decrease in comfort that was different from other subgroups.
Our findings suggest that the public remained supportive of public health data activities through the pandemic and the turmoil of 2020 election cycle relative to other data use. However, support among African Americans for public health data use experienced a unique decline compared to other demographic groups.
ContextRecent legislative privacy efforts have not included special provisions for public health data use. Although past studies documented support for public health data use, several global events in 2020 have raised awareness and concern about privacy and data use. This study aims to understand whether the events of 2020 affected US privacy preferences on secondary uses of identifiable data, focusing on public health and research uses.MethodsWe deployed two online surveys—in February and November 2020—on data privacy attitudes and preferences using a choice‐based–conjoint analysis. Participants received different data‐use scenario pairs—varied by the type of data, user, and purpose—and selected scenarios based on their comfort. A hierarchical Bayes regression model simulated population preferences.FindingsThere were 1,373 responses. There was no statistically significant difference in the population's data preferences between February and November, each showing the highest comfort with population health and research data activities and the lowest with profit‐driven activities. Most subgroups’ data preferences were comparable with the population's preferences, except African Americans who showed significant decreases in comfort with population health and research.ConclusionsDespite world‐changing events, including a pandemic, we found bipartisan public support for using identifiable data for public health and research. The decreasing support among African Americans could relate to the increased awareness of systemic racism, its harms, and persistent disparities. The US population's preferences support including legal provisions that permit public health and research data use in US laws, which are currently lacking specific public health use permissions.
Regulating Laboratory Tests: What Framework Would Best Support Safety and Validity?
Authors: HORROW CAROLINE , KESSELHEIM AARON S. 
Published: May 2024

Policy Points
With increasing public attention to cases of inaccurate and misleading laboratory‐developed tests, there have been calls for regulatory reform.
To protect patients from faulty laboratory tests, we need a framework that balances comprehensive test review with laboratory flexibility.
The Verifying Accurate Leading‐edge IVCT [In Vitro Clinical Test] Development (VALID) Act would have helped ensure laboratory test safety and validity through a much‐needed expansion of Food and Drug Administration (FDA) oversight. However, Congress did not pass the VALID Act in 2022, forcing the FDA to start the regulatory reform process on its own.
Housing prices, costs, and policy: The housing supply equation in Ireland since 1970
Authors: Günnewig‐Mönert Maximilian , Lyons Ronan C. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis article examines the responsiveness of new housing supply to prices and costs, using the case of Ireland at quarterly frequency from the 1970s, as well as a county‐level panel from the 1990s. Across four error‐correction specifications, and supported by an instrumental variables approach, we find the estimated elasticity of new housing supply to prices of +0.9 in the baseline, while that of costs is larger in magnitude (−1.9). We present evidence that responsiveness to prices rose after the 1980s, then fell in the 2000s, before rising again and also that elasticities vary at the county level.
Risk factors and outcomes for refeeding syndrome in acute ischaemic stroke patients
Authors: Chen Shumin , Cai Dongchun , Lai Yuzheng , Zhang Yongfang , He Jianfeng , Zhou Liang , Sun Hao 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAimPatients with acute ischaemic stroke are more likely to develop refeeding syndrome due to increased need for nutritional support when suffering alterations of consciousness and impairment of swallowing. This study aimed to evaluate the incidence, risk factors and outcomes of refeeding syndrome in stroke patients.MethodsThis was a retrospective observational study, using the prospective stroke database from hospital, included all consecutive acute ischaemic stroke patients who received enteral nutrition for more than 72 h from 1 January 2020 and 31 December 2022. Refeeding syndrome was defined as occurrence of new‐onset hypophosphataemia within 72 h after enteral feeding. Multiple logistic regression analysis was conducted to evaluate risk factors and relationships between refeeding syndrome and stroke outcomes.Results338 patients were included in the study. 50 patients (14.8%) developed refeeding syndrome. Higher scores on National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale and Nutritional Risk Screening 2002, albumin <30 g/L and BMI <18.5 kg/m2 were risk factors for refeeding syndrome. Moreover, refeeding syndrome was independently associated with a 3‐month modified Rankin Scale score of >2 and 6‐month mortality.ConclusionsRefeeding syndrome was common in stroke patients and higher baseline National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale, higher Nutritional Risk Screening 2002, albumin <30 g/L and BMI <18.5 kg/m2 were independent risk factors of refeeding syndrome. Occurrence of refeeding syndrome was significantly associated with higher 3‐month modified Rankin Scale and 6‐month mortality.
Incident psychotic experiences following self‐reported use of high‐potency cannabis: Results from a longitudinal cohort study
Authors: Hines Lindsey A. , Heron Jon , Zammit Stanley 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackground and aimsHigh‐potency cannabis has been associated with increased risk of psychosis, but a lack of prospective data hinders understanding of causality in this relationship. This study aimed to combine prospective report of cannabis use with retrospective report of potency to infer the potency of cannabis used in adolescence and explore whether use of cannabis, and the use of high‐potency cannabis, in adolescence is associated with incident psychotic experiences.DesignPopulation‐based birth cohort study.SettingUnited Kingdom.Participantsn = 5570 participants who reported on any cannabis use (yes/no) age 16 and 18 years, and n = 1560 participants from this group who also retrospectively reported on cannabis potency.MeasurementsIn questionnaires at ages 16 and 18, individuals self‐reported lifetime cannabis use, and at age 24, participants reported the type of cannabis they most commonly used in the whole time since first using cannabis. Psychotic experiences were assessed at age 24 years using the semi‐structured Psychosis‐Like Symptom Interview, with incident defined as new‐onset occurring between ages 19 and 24 years.FindingsUse of high‐potency cannabis at age 16 or 18 was associated with twice the likelihood of experiencing incident psychotic experiences from age 19–24 (Odds Ratio 2.15, 95% Confidence Intervals 1.13–4.06). There was less evidence for an effect of any cannabis use on incident psychotic experiences (Odds Ratio 1.45, 95% Confidence Intervals 0.94–2.12).ConclusionsUse of high‐potency cannabis appears to be associated with increased likelihood of psychotic experiences.
Foreign language proficiency, career behaviors, and turnover‐related outcomes: A social cognitive career theory perspective of host country national employees in foreign subsidiaries
Authors: Peltokorpi Vesa , Presbitero Alfred 
Published: May 2024

AbstractWhile the majority of employees in foreign subsidiaries are host country nationals (HCNs) who use English as a second language in their work tasks, little research focuses on the impact of English proficiency on their career‐related behaviors and outcomes. This paper applies social cognitive career theory (SCCT) to link HCN employees' English proficiency to their career‐related behaviors and outcomes in two time‐lagged studies in foreign subsidiaries. Study 1 conducted with 542 HCN employees in the Philippines suggests that career environment exploration mediates the positive English proficiency–turnover intention relationship. Study 2 conducted with 493 HCN employees in Japan suggests self‐initiated headhunter contacts to mediate the positive English proficiency–voluntary turnover relationship and job embeddedness moderate the self‐initiated headhunter contact‐turnover relationship.
Reappraisal and mindset interventions on pressurised esport performance
Authors: Sharpe Benjamin T. , Leis Oliver , Moore Lee , Sharpe Alexander T. R. , Seymour Stewart , Obine Emmanuel A. C. , Poulus Dylan 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis study investigated the impact of two low‐resource interventions on esport competitors' responses to pressure, focusing primarily on state anxiety, challenge and threat appraisals, and action performance. In Experiment 1, a single‐session arousal reappraisal intervention demonstrated a significant influence on high‐pressure esports performance. Notably, it not only prompted a shift in appraisals from threat to challenge but also reduced cognitive and somatic anxiety, increased quiet eye durations and heightened cognitive effort. In Experiment 2, a preliminary assessment of the Mindset‐Reappraisal intervention was undertaken, demonstrating enhancements in esport action performance, including accelerated completion times and heightened shooting accuracy. This intervention cultivated a stress‐enhancing mindset, lowered cognitive and somatic anxiety, fostered challenge appraisals and underscores the practical efficacy of cost‐effective interventions within the specific context of our performance task. Effective management of arousal levels and educating esports competitors on stress mindset implications may improve performance under pressure, offering valuable insights for esports performance psychology. These findings suggest opportunities for refining pressure‐response strategies, paving the way for comprehensive approaches to optimise performance in competitive esports.
An exploratory study on practising listening comprehension skills in high‐immersion virtual reality
Authors: Ye Yongluan , Kaplan‐Rakowski Regina 
Published: May 2024

AbstractHolding learners' attention is challenging, especially when they are asked to listen to long passages. High‐immersion virtual reality (VR) can immerse learners in listening tasks, even in such complex languages as Chinese. This exploratory study examined the effect of VR on 43 Chinese language learners' listening comprehension, enjoyment, sense of presence, and cognitive load. Participants were self‐selected into two groups without knowing the purpose of the study or the details of their activity. The experimental group (n1 = 23) experienced an interactive multimedia story in VR, and the comparison group (n2 = 20) watched a screencast video recording of the same story. Multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) indicated that VR may have a positive effect on the development of listening skills. Compared with the video group, the VR group had significantly higher listening comprehension scores, reported significantly more enjoyment and sense of presence, and reported experiencing less cognitive load. Thus, the findings suggest that VR could be used as a pedagogical tool to enhance foreign language listening skills.Practitioner notesWhat is already known about this topic

Practising listening skills is key for language development.
Virtual reality (VR) is motivational and engaging.
Research on practising listening skills in VR is scarce.
What this paper adds

VR can be beneficial for practising listening skills.
Language learners highly enjoy practising listening in VR.
Interactivity can improve engagement and support listening comprehension.
Implications for practice and/or policy

Learners should be provided pretraining and scaffolding prior to using VR.
The duration of VR activities should be considered.
Interactivity in VR may increase its effectiveness in attending listening tasks.
Sometimes simple is good enough: An analysis of methods for residential building population estimation
Authors: Yiannakoulias Niko , Boomsma Eva 
Published: May 2024

AbstractResidential building population data can be useful in a breadth of urban planning, health, transportation, and business applications. Unfortunately, complete datasets of residential building populations are not widely available for use in Canada, and therefore either larger census geographies are used or residential building populations must be estimated. This research explores four different methods of estimating residential building populations, including: an equal allocation method, two measures based on building volume, and a novel method that integrates census data at the dissemination area level to calibrate a population estimation model. This work comprises three parts: 1) a description of these approaches, 2) an evaluation of their validity in a case study in Hamilton, Ontario, and 3) an application of these methods in measuring spatial accessibility to schools. Our results show that most methods yield very similar results, and most provide reasonable estimates of building populations that could be useful for some analytical tasks. However, all methods resulted in instances of error, particularly for the largest population buildings. We conclude that while more complex methods do not significantly outperform simpler methods based on building volume alone, the blend of these methods could yield more accurate population predictions.
Debate: More, not less social media content moderation? How to better protect youth mental health online
Authors: Russell Ian 
Published: May 2024

BackgroundThis article challenges Zhang et al.'s claims that social media content moderation is proving detrimental to youth mental health and asserts that greater emphasis on the systemic risks posed by social media platforms is required.MethodThis commentary draws on my lived experience as a bereaved parent, empiricial evidence and ongoing public policy and regulatory debates.ConclusionsGreater attention should be paid to the effects of algorithmic recommendation systems, which can result in teenagers becoming rapidly exposed to large amounts of harmful content on social media sites such as Instagram, Pinterest and TikTok.
The processes and outcomes related to ‘family‐centred care’ in neuromotor and functional rehabilitation contexts for children with cerebral palsy: A scoping review
Authors: Mota Larissa Audi Teixeira , Silva Michelle Zampar , dos Santos Márcia , Pfeifer Luzia Iara 
Published: May 2024

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of this study is to identify the main processes and outcomes related to family‐centred care (FCC) in neuromotor and functional rehabilitation of preschool children with cerebral palsy (CP).BackgroundFCC is considered a reference for best practices in child rehabilitation. CP is the most common cause of physical disability in childhood with repercussions on functionality. There is a gap in knowledge of the practical principles of FCC, and it is necessary to develop a reference model for the practice of child rehabilitation professionals.MethodsIn this scoping review, the main databases selected were as follows: LILACS; Pubmed; Embase; The Cochrane Library; CINAHL (EBSCO); Scopus; Web of Science; PEDro (Physiotherapy Evidence Database); Open Gray and other banks of thesis. The terms combined in the search strategy were as follows: ‘Family‐centered’, ‘Family‐centred’ and ‘CP’. Inclusion criteria are as follows: studies on preschool‐aged children with CP, undergoing family‐centred functional therapeutic interventions (FCFTI) with outcomes on bodily structures and functions and/or activities and/or participation.ResultsThe main participatory care methods identified were home intervention, environmental enrichment, collaborative realistic goal setting, planning of home‐based activities and routine, child assessment feedback, family education/training, family coaching, encouraging discussion, observation of therapist and supervised practice. The main relational care qualities identified were as follows: respect, active listening, treat parents as equals, clear language, respect parents' ability to collaborate, demonstrate genuine care for the family, appreciate parents' knowledge and skills, demonstrate competence, experience and commitment. The main outcomes identified in children were improvement in motor and cognitive function and the child's functional ability. The main parentaloutcomes identified were empowerment, feeling of competence, self‐confidence, motivation and engagement.ConclusionThe main differences in FCFTI programs refer to the parental education/guidance component and the amount of intervention carried out by parents. It is possible that the elements chosen by the therapist in a FCFTI depend on characteristics of the child and caregivers.
The association between sleep duration and cardiometabolic risk among children and adolescents in the United States (US): A NHANES study
Authors: Morgan Timothy , Basalely Abby , Singer Pamela , Castellanos Laura , Sethna Christine B. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractPurposeThis work aims to assess the association of sleep duration with cardiometabolic risk (adiposity, blood pressure, lipids, albuminuria and A1C) and to investigate lifestyle factors (physical activity, light exposure, caffeine consumption and sugar consumption) associated with sleep duration in children.MethodsA nationally representative sample of 3907 children ages 6–17 years enrolled in NHANES from 2011 to 2014 was included in this cross‐sectional study. Sleep duration was defined as the daily average time spent sleeping over 7 days as measured by a physical activity monitor (PAM). Participants without valid sleep data for ≥95% of the study were excluded. Regression models were adjusted for age, sex, race, body mass index (BMI) Z score, physical activity and light exposure.ResultsIn adjusted regression models, longer sleep duration was associated with lower systolic blood pressure index (β = −3.63 * 10−5, 95% CI −6.99 * 10−5, −2.78 * 10−6, p = 0.035) and BMI Z score (β = −0.001, 95% CI −0.001, 0.000, p = 0.002). In logistic regression models, longer sleep duration was associated with lower odds of obesity (OR = 0.998, 95% CI 0.997, 0.999, p < 0.001) and overweight status (OR = 0.998, 95% CI 0.997, 0.999, p = 0.004). Greater light exposure (β = 6.64 * 10−5, 95% CI 3.50 * 10−5, 9.69 * 10−5, p < 0.001) and physical activity (β = 0.005, 95% CI 0.004, 0.006, p < 0.001) were associated with longer sleep.ConclusionLonger sleep duration was associated with lower blood pressure and adiposity measures in children. Improving sleep quality by increasing physical activity and light exposure in childhood may decrease the lifetime risk of cardiometabolic disease.
Authority Over Investigation Decisions in Child Welfare Services: How is it Distributed Among Social Workers, Managers and Citizen Representatives?
Authors: Wollter Filip 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACTThis study examined the distribution of authority over decisions made during investigations within child welfare services (CWS). The distribution between various actors, such as social workers, citizen representatives and managers, was examined regarding 19 key decisions that frequently occur during investigations. The study also examined how the municipal socio‐economic status and the internal organizational conditions of CWS impact the overall hierarchical level of authority using linear regression analysis. The study was a full population study of Swedish municipalities and districts in larger cities (n = 309, response rate of 62%). The study indicates that the head of the unit holds authority over most decision types, followed by the social worker. However, the study also indicates that there are significant variations between municipalities and decision types. In the municipality delegating authority to the lowest hierarchical level, social workers hold authority over 15 decision types compared with two decision types in the municipality delegating authority to the highest hierarchical level. This variation concerns most decision types except two, where authority is almost exclusively delegated to the same actor in all municipalities. The regression analysis indicated that the educational level of the municipal inhabitants and the size of the CWS budget were the strongest predictors of the hierarchical level of authority in a municipality. High educational levels in municipalities are associated with delegating authority to low hierarchical levels, such as social workers, whereas large CWS budgets (spending as SEK per inhabitant) are associated with delegating authority to high hierarchical levels, such as top‐level managers. The implications of these results for social work research and practice are discussed.
Meta‐analysis and transcriptomic analysis reveal that NKRF and ZBTB17 regulate the NF‐κB signaling pathway, contributing to the shared molecular mechanisms of Alzheimer's disease and atherosclerosis
Authors: Zhang Di , Chen Keyan , Shan Li Shen 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIntroductionAlzheimer's disease (AD) and atherosclerosis (AS) are widespread diseases predominantly observed in the elderly population. Despite their prevalence, the underlying molecular interconnections between these two conditions are not well understood.MethodsUtilizing meta‐analysis, bioinformatics methodologies, and the GEO database, we systematically analyzed transcriptome data to pinpoint key genes concurrently differentially expressed in AD and AS. Our experimental validations in mouse models highlighted the prominence of two genes, NKRF (NF‐κB‐repressing factor) and ZBTB17 (MYC‐interacting zinc‐finger protein 1).ResultsThese genes appear to influence the progression of both AD and AS by modulating the NF‐κB signaling pathway, as confirmed through subsequent in vitro and in vivo studies.ConclusionsThis research uncovers a novel shared molecular pathway between AD and AS, underscoring the significant roles of NKRF and ZBTB17 in the pathogenesis of these disorders.