bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Play as co‐created narrative in computer game consumption: The hero's journey in Warcraft III
Authors: Buchanan‐Oliver Margo , Seo Yuri 
Published: February 2012

Computer games are now a significant consumption activity in consumer culture. Informed by interdisciplinary studies and drawing on data from in‐depth interviews with players of the Warcraft III computer game, we explore the relationship between play and storytelling during digital play. Understanding that such play is determined by systems of game rules and that computer game characters and settings are capable of conveying cultural meanings to players, we found that the rules of play in computer games can be designed in ways that encourage consumers to co‐create meaningful story plots derived from their knowledge of myth and fiction. In the case of Warcraft, these plots resembled the archetypal plot of the hero's journey. We conclude that computer games immerse consumers in a form of playful consumption that engages them in memorialised, co‐authored storytelling.Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Long‐term results of cephalad arteries percutanoeus transluminal angioplasty with stent implantation (The CAPTAS registry)
Authors: Buszman Piotr P. , Szymański Radosław , Dębiński Marcin , Milewski Krzysztof , Król Marek , Nowakowski Przemyslaw , Kiesz R. Stefan , Radvany Martin G. , Wiernek Szymon , Wiernek Barbara , Buszman Pawel E. 
Published: February 2012

AbstractIntroduction: Carotid artery stenting (CAS) has become an alternative to carotid endarterectomy. Moreover, percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) allows other cephalad arteries revascularization. The aim of this study was to evaluate late outcomes of cephalad arteries PTA. Methods: This is an international multicenter registry of 434 consecutive patients in which 497 PTAs were performed. Patients with symptomatic >50% stenosis or asymptomatic >70% stenosis were enrolled. Stenting of 577 internal carotid arteries (ICA) and 13 common carotid arteries was performed, 20.7% procedures were complex in which bilateral carotid stenoses or carotid and vertebral arteries stenoses were revascularized at one stage. In 15.9% patients, one‐stage coronary intervention was carried out. Distal protection devices were used in 69.6% of cases. PTAs were divided into high (n = 330) and low (n = 167) risk of major adverse coronary and cerebral events (MACCE). Results: At 30 days, there were 15 (3.5%) cases of MACCE [0.9% deaths, 2.1% strokes, and 0.9% myocardial infarction (MI)]. TIAs were observed in 15 (3.9%) patients. There was no significant difference in stroke incidence between procedures with or without neuroprotection (1.8 vs. 3%; P = 0.66) as well as in MACCE occurrence between high and low‐risk groups (4.3 vs. 2%; P = 0.34). Bilateral stenoses increased while hypertension decreased the risk of MACCE. Left ICA lesions increased the risk of cerebrovascular accidents (CVA). At 4 years (1–11 years), the mortality rate was 11.5%, 6% of patients had stroke, and 3% MIs. Restenosis occurred in 3%. There was a trend toward higher mortality rate (13.3 vs. 6.9%; P = 0.07) and MACCE risk in high‐risk group (23.5 vs.14.7% P = 0.06). Age > 65 y.o. and stent length < 24 mm increased, while the statin therapy on admission decreased the risk of long‐term death. Structural valve disease and stent length <30 mm increased the risk of MACCE, while implantation of Acculink stent decreased the risk of CVA. Conclusions: CAS is safe and successful procedure with low early and long‐term adverse events. Special attention should be put on patients with bilateral and left ICA stenoses. If possible, longer stents should be applied. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Mixed‐Matrix Membrane for Gas Separation: Polydimethylsiloxane Filled with Zeolite
Authors: Hussain M. , König A. 
Published: February 2012

AbstractMixed‐matrix membranes (MMMs) comprised of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) as continuous and zeolite (ZSM‐5) as dispersed phase have been prepared to investigate CO2 separation from gas mixtures, focusing on the high solubility of CO2 in ZSM‐5/PDMS MMMs for separating CO2‐N2 mixtures. ZSM‐5 incorporation in PDMS significantly increases the permeability of single gases and a similar effect is observed for gas mixtures. Membrane performance is evaluated using the Maxwell model; an interphase gap between the filler and the polymeric phase is identified. A modified Maxwell model is applied to account for this additional transport through the membrane.
Intermolecular Communication on a Liposomal Membrane: Enzymatic Amplification of a Photonic Signal with a Gemini Peptide Lipid as a Membrane‐Bound Artificial Receptor
Authors: Mukai Masaru , Maruo Kohei , Sasaki Yoshihiro , Kikuchi Jun‐ichi 
Published: February 2012

AbstractA supramolecular system that can activate an enzyme through photo‐isomerization was constructed by using a liposomal membrane scaffold. The design of the system was inspired by natural signal transduction systems, in which enzymes amplify external signals to control signal transduction pathways. The liposomal membrane, which provided a scaffold for the system, was prepared by self‐assembly of a photoresponsive receptor and a cationic synthetic lipid. NADH‐dependent L‐lactate dehydrogenase, the signal amplifier, was immobilized on the liposomal surface by electrostatic interactions. Recognition of photonic signals by the membrane‐bound receptor induced photo‐isomerization, which significantly altered the receptor’s metal‐binding affinity. The response to the photonic signal was transmitted to the enzyme by Cu2+ ions. The enzyme amplified the chemical information through a catalytic reaction to generate the intended output signal.
Organometall‐Reaktionen in Wasser
Authors: Seßler Miriam , Schatz Jürgen 
Published: February 2012

AbstractDas Interesse an Wasser als alternatives Lösungsmittel für Organometall‐Reaktionen ist erheblich gestiegen, da Wasser nicht nur ungiftig, nicht brennbar und günstig ist, sondern auch wegen seiner einfachen Abtrennung vom organischen Produkt. Organometall‐Reaktionen wie palladiumkatalysierte Kupplungen von Alkyl‐/Arylhalogeniden mit bororganischen und zinnorganischen Verbindungen gehören zu den am häufigsten verwendeten Reaktionen zur Knüpfung von Kohlenstoff‐Kohlenstoff‐Bindungen. Die Entdeckung wasserlöslicher, sulfonierter Phosphanderivate und deren Verwendung in wasserlöslichen Palladiumkatalysatoren ermöglicht die Durchführung solcher Reaktionen im wässrigen Milieu. Auch die Olefinmetathese als eine weitere effiziente, metallkatalysierte Variante zur Kohlenstoff‐Kohlenstoff‐Bindungsknüpfung ist mittlerweile in Wasser möglich. Die Bemühungen hierfür beinhalteten z. B. die Verwendung wasserlöslicher Rutheniumkatalysatoren, die Zugabe von Tensiden und Additiven, Ultraschallbehandlungen, die Einführung polarer quartärer Ammoniumgruppen sowie die Kupplung an ein hydrophiles Trägermaterial (PEG). Gerade wenn es um die Entfernung von Rutheniumnebenprodukten geht, weist der letzte Punkt auch ein enormes Potential für weitere Entwicklungen auf. Wasser als Lösungsmittel erlaubt es auch, polare, wasserlösliche Substrate wie Natur‐ oder Wirkstoffe in nativer Umgebung direkt zur Reaktion zu bringen.
Arsenvergiftungen
Authors: Süss‐Fink Georg 
Published: February 2012

AbstractAnhand einiger spektakulärer Vergiftungsfälle mit Arsen vom 17. bis zum 20. Jahrhundert wird gezeigt, wie sich die Methoden der gerichtlichen Wahrheitsfindung von der Folter über Exhumierung und Obduktion bis hin zu chemischen und radiochemischen Nachweisverfahren entwickelt haben, wobei wegen der Allgegenwart von Arsen in der Umwelt nicht immer alle Zweifel ausgeräumt werden konnten.
Limonade durch Fermentation
Authors: Rapp Erdmann , Borowiak Matthias 
Published: February 2012

AbstractAm Max‐Planck‐Institut für Dynamik komplexer technischer Systeme in Magdeburg beschäftigen wir uns unter anderem mit biotechnologischen Prozessen, deren Verständnis und Optimierung. Biotechnologische Prozesse werden inzwischen in vielen Bereichen z.B. der Pharma‐ und Lebensmittelindustrie eingesetzt, um mit Hilfe geeigneter Mikroorganismen aus günstigen Ausgangsstoffen ein hochwertiges biotechnologisches Produkt herzustellen. Der Brauprozess ist einer der ältesten biotechnologischen Prozesse und ideal dazu geeignet, um moderne biotechnologische Prozesse in der Praxis zu veranschaulichen.
Electron Transport through Single π‐Conjugated Molecules Bridging between Metal Electrodes
Authors: Kiguchi Manabu , Kaneko Satoshi 
Published: February 2012

AbstractUnderstanding electron transport through a single molecule bridging between metal electrodes is a central issue in the field of molecular electronics. This review covers the fabrication and electron‐transport properties of single π‐conjugated molecule junctions, which include benzene, fullerene, and π‐stacked molecules. The metal/molecule interface plays a decisive role in determining the stability and conductivity of single‐molecule junctions. The effect of the metal–molecule contact on the conductance of the single π‐conjugated molecule junction is reviewed. The characterization of the single benzene molecule junction is also discussed using inelastic electron tunneling spectroscopy and shot noise. Finally, electron transport through the π‐stacked system using π‐stacked aromatic molecules enclosed within self‐assembled coordination cages is reviewed. The electron transport in the π‐stacked systems is found to be efficient at the single‐molecule level, thus providing insight into the design of conductive materials.
Environmental Disclosure and Financial Characteristics of the Firm: The Case of Denmark
Authors: Andrikopoulos Andreas , Kriklani Nikoleta 
Published: February 2012

ABSTRACTDrawing on the importance of social accounting for sustainable development, we study practices of environmental disclosure on the websites of companies listed on the Copenhagen Stock Exchange. The first part of this paper produces and discusses descriptive evidence on environmental reporting practices by listed companies with respect to the content of disclosed information. We then undertake an explanatory task in order to identify the factors that determine environmental reporting for firms listed on the Copenhagen Stock Exchange. Firm size, financial leverage, the market‐to‐book ratio, and profitability are significantly associated with the breadth environmental disclosure. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment.
Immunological advantages of everolimus versus cyclosporin A in liver‐transplanted recipients, as revealed by polychromatic flow cytometry
Authors: Roat Erika , De Biasi Sara , Bertoncelli Linda , Rompianesi Gianluca , Nasi Milena , Gibellini Lara , Pinti Marcello , del Giovane Cinzia , Zanella Andrea , Di Benedetto Fabrizio , Gerunda Giorgio Enrico , Cossarizza Andrea 
Published: February 2012

AbstractSeveral immunosuppressive drugs with different mechanisms of action are available to inhibit organ rejection after transplant. We analyzed different phenotypic and functional immunological parameters in liver‐transplanted patients who received cyclosporin A (CsA) or Everolimus (Evr). In peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from 29 subjects receiving a liver transplant and treated with two different immunosuppressive regimens, we analyzed T cell activation and differentiation, regulatory T cells (Tregs) and Tregs expressing homing receptors such as the chemokine receptor CXCR3. T cell polyfunctionality was studied by stimulating cells with the superantigen staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB), and measuring the simultaneous production of interleukin (IL)‐2 and interferon (IFN)‐γ, along with the expression of a marker of cytotoxicity such as CD107a. The analyses were performed by polychromatic flow cytometry before transplantation, and at different time points, up to 220 days after transplant. Patients taking Evr had a higher percentage of total CD4+ and naïve CD4+ T cells than those treated with CsA; the percentage of CD8+ T cells was lower, but the frequency of naïve CD8+ T cells higher. Patients taking Evr showed a significantly higher percentage of Tregs, and Tregs expressing CXCR3. After stimulation with SEB, CD8+ T cells from Evr‐treated patients displayed a lower total response, and less IFN‐γ producing cells. The effects on the immune system, such as the preservation of the naïve T cell pool and the expansion of Tregs (that are extremely useful in inhibiting organ rejection), along with the higher tolerability of Evr, suggest that this drug can be safely used after liver transplantation, and likely offers immunological advantages. © 2012 International Society for Advancement of Cytometry
Flow cytometry in cancer stem cell analysis and separation
Authors: Greve Burkhard , Kelsch Reinhard , Spaniol Kristina , Eich Hans Theodor , Götte Martin 
Published: February 2012

AbstractIn recent years, a special type of cancer cell—the cancer stem cell (CSC)—has been identified and characterized for different tumors. CSCs may be responsible for the recurrence of a tumor following a primarily successful therapy and are thought to bear a high metastatic potential. For the development of efficient treatment strategies, the establishment of reliable methods for the identification and effective isolation of CSCs is imperative. Similar to their stem cell counterparts in bone marrow or small intestine, different cluster of differentiation surface antigens have been characterized, thus enabling researchers to identify them within the tumor bulk and to determine their degree of differentiation. In addition, functional properties characteristic of stem cells can be measured. Side population analysis is based on the stem cell‐specific activity of certain ATP‐binding cassette transporter proteins, which are able to transport fluorescent dyes out of the cells. Furthermore, the stem cell‐specific presence of aldehyde dehydrogenase isoform 1 can be used for CSC labeling. However, the flow cytometric analysis of these CSC functional features requires specific technical adjustments. This review focuses on the principles and strategies of the flow cytometric analysis of CSCs and provides an overview of current protocols as well as technical requirements and pitfalls. A special focus is set on side population analysis and analysis of ALDH activity. Flow cytometry‐based sorting principles and future flow cytometric applications for CSC analysis are also discussed. © 2012 International Society for Advancement of Cytometry.
On the use of immune clonal optimization for joint subcarrier and power allocation in OFDMA with proportional fairness rate
Authors: Chai Zheng‐yi , Liu Fang , Qi Yu‐tao , Zhu Si‐feng 
Published: February 2012

SUMMARYResource allocation in orthogonal frequency division multiple access is a constraint optimization problem. In this paper, we concentrate on maximizing both the sum capacity and proportional fairness rate among users. The optimization model of resource allocation is formulated and then an immune clonalbased algorithm is proposed for it. The resource allocation is solved by separating the subcarrier and power allocation in two steps. Suitable immune operators are designed, such as clonal, mutation, Baldwin learning, selection and so on. Experiments show that, compared with the previous methods, the proposed algorithm obtains higher sum capacity with comparable computational complexity, and keeps the proportional rate more fairly among users. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Generation of an Organotellurium(II) Cation (Eur. J. Inorg. Chem. 5/2012)
Authors: Sugamata Koh , Sasamori Takahiro , Tokitoh Norihiro 
Published: February 2012

AbstractThe cover picture shows the generation of the tellurium(II) cationic species bearing a sterically demanding ligand, exhibiting a deep red color. It was generated from the corresponding tellurium halides and trapped by diene and phosphane to give the corresponding adducts. The tellurium(II) cationic species was found to be regenerated by the thermolysis of the diene adduct. Details are discussed in the Short Communication by T. Sasamori, N. Tokitoh et al. on p. 775 ff. The origin of ?tellurium? is “tellus” in Latin meaning “earth”. magnified image
A Carbohydrate‐Based Synthesis of the C13–C22 Fragment of Amphidinolide X
Authors: Gurjar Mukund K. , Yellol Gorakh S. , Mohapatra Debendra K. 
Published: February 2012

AbstractA facile carbohydrate‐based route was developed for the synthesis of the tetrahydrofuran (C13–C22) fragment of amphidinolide X. Starting from L‐sorbose, the key reactions followed include the stereoselective synthesis of a quaternary center at C1, Barton–McCombie deoxygenation at C2, Mitsunobu inversion at C3, and chain elongation by a Wittig reaction at C5.
A Printed Electrocatalyst for Hydrogen Peroxide Reduction
Authors: Gonzalez‐Macia Laura , Smyth Malcolm R. , Killard Anthony J. 
Published: February 2012

AbstractThe modification of silver screen‐printed electrodes with a dodecyl benzenesulfonic acid and KCl solution was performed by inkjet printing. Scanning Electron Microscopy was performed to characterize the electrode surfaces. Electrochemical reduction of H2O2 was studied and compared to electrodes modified by dip‐coating. Analytical parameters of the all‐printed electrode such as LOD, sensitivity and inter‐electrode reproducibility were calculated (5.8×10−6 M, 4.9×10−2 AM−1 cm−2 and approx. 10 %) and contrasted with other data in the literature for the measurement of H2O2. Ink jet printing led to reductions in required surface modification times and improved signal to background levels and reproducibility.
A Membrane Free Amperometric Gas Sensor Based on Room Temperature Ionic Liquids for the Selective Monitoring of NOx
Authors: Toniolo Rosanna , Dossi Nicolò , Pizzariello Andrea , Doherty Andrew P. , Bontempelli Gino 
Published: February 2012

AbstractA conveniently assembled, sensitive and fast‐responding membrane free amperometric sensor is described for the detection of nitrogen oxides in gaseous atmospheres which exploits some profitable properties of room temperature ionic liquids (RTILs), such as high electrical conductivity, negligible vapor pressure and good thermal stability. It consists of three Pt wires piercing through a Teflon rod, whose exposed head is coated with a steadily adhesive thin RTIL film assuring the necessary electrical conductivity among the electrodes. The negligible vapor pressure of the immobilized RTIL layer makes possible to eliminate the need for the use of membranes, thus avoiding the involvement of a slow limiting step such as analyte permeation. Preliminary voltammetric tests performed at this sensor in gaseous atmospheres proved that the oxidation of NO2 and NO occurs at very close potentials, thus allowing effective NOx determinations. Instead, other atmospheric components able to act as possible interfering species (CO, H2S and SO2) were found to undergo oxidation only at quite higher potentials. The performance of this device was assayed under flowing conditions on synthetic nitrogen atmospheres with controlled NOx contents, which was changed in a wide range (0.01–103 ppm v/v). At room temperature, repeatable (±3.9 %) and linearly dependent current signals were recorded, allowing a detection limit of 0.96 ppb v/v to be inferred. At higher temperatures (100 °C) a lower detection limit (0.55 ppb v/v) could be instead estimated. The possibility of using this sensor for monitoring NOx in reduced pressure atmospheres was also assayed.
Analytical Applications of a Nanoparticle‐Based Sensor for the Determination of Mercury
Authors: Abollino Ornella , Giacomino Agnese , Ginepro Marco , Malandrino Mery , Zelano Isabella 
Published: February 2012

AbstractThe applicability of a gold nanoparticle‐modified glassy carbon sensor (AuNPs‐GCS) for the determination of inorganic mercury in different matrices is demonstrated. Mercury content in some certified samples (Estuarine sediment BCR CRM 277, City waste incineration ash BCR CRM 176, Sea lettuce BCR CRM 279 and Tuna fish ISPRA T22) and in three real samples (drinking water, a plant, a pharmaceutical) has been determined. The analysis was performed by anodic stripping voltammetry using the optimized conditions (deposition potential 0 V, step potential 0.004 V, frequency 150 Hz, amplitude 0.003 V). For each sample the most suitable conditions to take account of matrix effects were identified and adopted.
Thin‐Layer and Wall‐Jet Arrangement of Amperometric Detector with Boron‐Doped Diamond Electrode: Comparison of Amperometric Determination of Aminobiphenyls in HPLC‐ED
Authors: Maixnerová Lucie , Barek Jiří , Pecková Karolina 
Published: February 2012

AbstractThe performance of a microcrystalline boron‐doped diamond electrode in a thin‐layer and wall‐jet amperometric detection cell for HPLC was compared with the spectrophotometric detection. Comparison of peak parameters of 2‐, 3‐, and 4‐aminobiphenyl after their separation revealed satisfactory repeatabilities of signal responses for all detection modes and regarding electrochemical detection higher current densities and higher noise for the thin‐layer arrangement, and a slightly wider linear dynamic range of calibration dependencies and lower quantitation limits in the 10−8 mol L−1 concentration range for the wall‐jet arrangement. This detection mode was further employed for the determination of studied aminobiphenyls in model samples of the synthetic colorant tartrazine. Using solid phase extraction for the preliminary separation and preconcentration of the analytes the limit of quantitation was lowered to nanomolar concentrations.
MORTALITY AND MORBIDITY RISKS AND ECONOMIC BEHAVIOR
Authors: Stoler Avraham , Meltzer David 
Published: February 2012

SUMMARYThere are theoretical reasons to expect that high risk of mortality or morbidity during young adulthood decreases investment in human capital. However, investigation of this hypothesis is complicated by a variety of empirical challenges, including difficulties in inferring causation due to omitted variables and reverse causation. For example, to compare two groups with substantially different mortality rates, one typically has to use samples from different countries or periods, making it difficult to control for other relevant variables. Reverse causation is important because human capital investment can affect mortality and morbidity. To counter these problems, we collected data on human capital investments, fertility decisions, and other economic choices of people at risk for Huntington's disease. Huntington's disease is a fatal genetic disorder that introduces a large and exogenous risk of early mortality and morbidity. We find a strong negative relation between mortality and morbidity risks and human capital investment. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Proposal of landmarks for clamping neurovascular elements during endoscopic surgery of the supraglottic region
Authors: Souvirón R. , Maranillo E. , Vázquez T. , Patel N. , McHanwell S. , Cobeta I. , Scola B. , Sañudo J. 
Published: February 2012

AbstractBackgroundBleeding within the supraglottic region can be a lethal complication after CO2 laser microsurgery. Our aim was to propose endoluminal anatomical landmarks to locate the superior laryngeal vessels resulting in a safer microsurgery.MethodsEndoluminal dissections were made in 22 larynges without laryngeal disease.ResultsThe neurovascular structures were in the superior third of a triangle defined by the vocal process, the anterior commissure, and the epiglottic attachment of the aryepiglottic fold. They overlapped in 4 different ways: pattern I (70.4%): superior laryngeal vein (SLV), superior laryngeal artery (SLA), and internal laryngeal nerve (ILN); pattern II (13.6%): SLA, SLV, ILN; pattern III (4.6%): SLV, ILN, and SLA; pattern IV (4.6%): SLA, ILN, and SLV.ConclusionMicrosurgery in the supraglottic region may be safer if surgeons are aware of the superior third of the above‐defined triangle, “danger area”, where the vascular elements of this region are located. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2013