bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Registration of Filtration Efficiency of Active or Reactive Filters in Contact with Steel Melt in a Steel Casting Simulator
Authors: Dudczig Steffen , Storti Enrico , Aneziris Christos G. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAspecial metal-casting simulator allowed to investigate the behavior of nozzles and filters in contact with a steel melt under controlled atmosphere. First, the clogging of carbon-bonded alumina nozzles with different active or reactive coatings was evaluated by introducing exogenous inclusions while monitoring the changes in melt flow with time. In addition, the microstructure of the nozzles was investigated by scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy to assess the coating decomposition and phase transformations. In further approaches, endogenous inclusions were generated in situ by pre-oxidizing and deoxidizing the steel melt. Filters with different active and reactive coatings were immersed for different times in order to investigate the evolution of newly formed phases on the filter surface as well as characterize their cleaning performance based on the analysis of the solidified steel. The inclusions in the frozen steel melt were characterized with the aid of an automatic SEM – ASPEX-system, which identified the chemistry as well as the size and population of the inclusions. In the last approach, investigations of a new combined refining process based on the immersion of reactive filters and a subsequent filtration via carbon-free active filters was investigated, in order to remove the remaining clusters of inclusions.
Decopperization by Utilization of the Filter
Authors: Wei Xingwen , Volkova Olena 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe current contribution aims to find the optimal method for removing dramp element copper from molten steel scrap. A special reactive ceramic coating on filter ceramic substrates based on ZnAl2O4 was reported as an effective material for the decopperization process. Therefore, the interaction between the molten copper containing iron Fe-Cu alloys and ZnAl2O4 as well with pure alumina were investigated by applying the sessile drop method at low oxygen partial pressure atmosphere. Furthermore, selenium was found to have a great affinity to copper for forming copper selenide, later on selenium was added to liquid Fe-Cu alloy to verify its decopperization efficiency.
High-Temperature Strength and Form Stability of Compact and Cellular Carbon-Bonded Alumina
Authors: Biermann Horst , Weidner Anja , Wu Xian 
Published: May 2024

AbstractTo prove the applicability of carbon-bonded refractories on basis of Al2O3-C for the filtration of metal melts, their mechanical properties such as compression and bending strength were investigated at elevated temperatures up to 1500 °C. The tests have been carried out on compact specimens and on real filter structures without and with functional coatings. Fracture mechanical tests were performed at room temperature and 1400 °C. In a further approach, the residual strength after contact of the filters with molten steel was determined at elevated temperatures. In addition, a new environmentally friendly binder system based on tannin and lactose has been evaluated.
Effect of Non-metallic Inclusions on the Temperature and Strain-Rate-Dependent Strength, Deformation and Toughness Behavior of High-Strength Quenched and Tempered Steel
Authors: Koch Kevin , Henschel Sebastian , Krüger Lutz 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis chapter presents results of investigations on the strength, deformation and toughness behavior of quenched and tempered 42CrMo4 steel. Intentional impurification and, afterwards, filtration by functionalized ceramic foam filters were applied in order to process cast steels with different amounts and distributions of non-metallic inclusions. As references, a hot-rolled steel batch and spark-plasma sintered materials were studied. The investigations focused on the loading rate and temperature effects. Both, tensile and fracture mechanics tests, were performed in order to investigate the damaging behavior due to non-metallic inclusions remaining after the melt processing of the steel. A further goal was to predict the fracture toughness of the material based on the combination of microstructural information on the inclusion distribution and the strain rate and temperature-dependent strength and deformation behavior. It was shown that the damaging effect of non-metallic inclusions, in particular agglomerated inclusions properties, is localized which leads to relatively low strain to fracture and fracture toughness, but also to crack path deflection. Furthermore, it could be observed that the small interparticle distances within agglomerated non-metallic inclusions determine the fracture toughness behavior of the materials. By analyzing the acoustic emissions, the onset of crack growth as well as the size of the plastic zone at the crack tip could be estimated.
Temperature-Induced Changes in the Microstructure of the Metal Melt Filters and Non-metallic Inclusions
Authors: Thümmler Martin , Dopita Milan , Motylenko Mykhaylo , Salomon Anton , Brendler Erica , Rafaja David 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe functionalization of ceramic foam filters aims typically at the enhancement of the thermal shock resistance and the reactivity of the filters with respect to specific inclusions and impurities. For this purpose, thermodynamically metastable phases are utilized that have a strongly defective crystal structure and/or nanocrystalline character. Such phases possess frequently better or even unique properties in comparison with their thermodynamically stable counterparts. However, the stability of metastable or defect-rich phases is usually impaired by microstructural changes, which occur during the contact of these phases with the metallic melt at high temperatures and which speed up finally the degradation of the functionalized filters. In general, the first step towards the stabilization of the thermodynamically metastable and/or defect-rich phases is the understanding of their microstructure and the microstructure changes accompanying the transition to the thermodynamically stable state. In this chapter, the thermally induced microstructure changes are illustrated on the examples of selected carbon containing binders and metastable alumina phases. In order to be able to describe the crystal structure and microstructure of these compounds in more details, which is required for the targeted development of the functional filter materials, complementary methods of crystal structure and microstructure analysis like X-ray and electron diffraction, X-ray and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and electron microscopy were combined and further developed.
Coming to Terms with the Digital Natives: Understanding the Marketing Sensitivities of GenZers as Hospitality Consumers
Authors: Yılmaz Semih , Collins Ayşe , Ali Seyid Amjad 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAs “digital natives”, GenZ is set apart from previous generations in terms of its online connectedness. Even though this generation is expected to be the prevailing customer base around the world by 2026, there is a noticeable lack of studies on GenZ’s consumer characteristics within the hospitality context. This study investigates the marketing-related factors affecting GenZ’s accommodation decisions as well as their consumer sensitivities to contemporary constructs such as brand uniqueness, social media presentability, sustainability consciousness, and cancel culture.
The Growing Popularity of eSports Events: Insights from Parents
Authors: Mahlangu Nosiphiwo , Naudé-Potgieter Rosa 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe article discusses the growing popularity of eSports events and aims to understand the parents’ perspective towards eSports and eSports events. As the growth of eSport events presents an opportunity of the tourism industry. The study used a qualitative approach utilising a semi-structured interview. The discussion of this semi-structured interviews forms part of a greater research study on eSports in South Africa, and these results are just preliminary results from an eSport event held high school in May 2023. The study found that parents have a positive perspective towards eSports events and are supportive of their children participating in them. The study also found that eSports events are relatively new and that there is a lack of research on parents’ perspective of eSports tournaments. The study recommends further research to understand the motivations of participants and spectators to attend on-site eSports events, the expenses of children participating in eSports, and the benefits of eSports as an event. The article also defines eSports and the different types of eSports games, and discusses the adoption of eSports as a sport. The study provides valuable insights into the growing popularity of eSports events and the need for further research in this area.
Algorithmic Control Across the Employee Lifecycle
Authors: Tuomi Aarni , Ascenção Mário Passos 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis paper examines the employee lifecycle, that is, HR managers’ role in decision-making. In tourism, HR faces unique challenges, e.g. labor shortage, staff turnover, diversity management. Algorithmic management, driven by data, is introduced as significant but ethically complex management strategy. The uses LEGO Serious Play to gather insights from managers (n = 17) and identifies eight potential use-cases for algorithmic control along the employee lifecycle. Implications for tourism management and research are discussed.
Get Ready for the Future of Tourism and Hospitality with the Smart Hospitality Wheel
Authors: Bolté Nicolette Yvonne , Pijls Ruth , Ten Tije Sanne 
Published: May 2024

AbstractTechnologies have changed our world rapidly and have also reshaped the tourism and hospitality industry. Organizations need to innovate to fulfil their customers’ changing needs and wishes. Students therefore need to be well prepared to enter the changing working field. Since innovation is a must, they need to learn how to use their creativity to design innovative concepts, making use of technology and data. This process can be stimulated and guided in a creativity process using the Smart Hospitality Wheel. This wheel has been developed for education, but the results in this study show its effectiveness in the industry as well. This paper introduces the development and use of the Smart Hospitality Wheel; a tool to come up with innovative ideas at the start of a design process. It stresses the importance of the use of the wheel in tourism and hospitality to design competitive and innovative concepts, describes the research method, shows some first results, and explores contributions and further research. The design and use of the wheel combined with the unique combination of theory linked to smartness and hospitality, creates a novel tool to use in the creativity process to design innovative and competitive concepts for the tourism and hospitality industry.
U-KyotoTrip: A Travel Planning System for User Experience Oriented Trips
Authors: Yi Kun , Maekawa Takeyuki , Kong Yuntao , Bai Zhengyang , Jin Xisha , Ma Qiang 
Published: May 2024

AbstractWe propose U-KyotoTrip, a travel planning system designed for user-experience-oriented trips in Kyoto, Japan. U-KyotoTrip integrates extensive content analysis of user-generated content, Point-Of-Interest (POI) recommendations, and route recommendations, with the aim of assisting users in acquiring information and travel planning. To capture new users’ preferences, we propose user-friendly ask-to-rate methods to handle cold-start user scenarios. Furthermore, we employ five route recommendation methods that vary in their consideration for congestion and tourism diversification to address the overtourism problem. An empirical user study was conducted to evaluate U-KyotoTrip, revealing that users are satisfied with the system, particularly the approach that utilizes photos to present their preferences.
The Cognitive Effect of YouTube Video and User-Generated Content: A Preliminary Study
Authors: Lee Eunji , Shin Seunghun , Joo Hyeyeoun , Koo Chulmo 
Published: May 2024

AbstractNowadays, video-sharing social media platforms have become essential sources of information for tourists. In line with this trend, many destination marketing organizations (DMOs) formulate marketing strategies utilizing video-sharing platforms. Nevertheless, despite the extensive research on the impacts of advertising video exposure, there is a notable absence of studies that delve into the influence of user-generated content on the cognitive effect of potential tourists on destinations. To address this gap, this study aims to identify the cognitive effects based on the presence of comments (vs. absent) and different positive comment types (absent vs. opinion vs. impression vs. compliment comments) through a field experiment design. We found that the cognitive effect of YouTube videos is higher when positive comments are available. Further, impression comments had a more significant cognitive effect than the other comment types. Building upon our research findings, we propose strategies for utilizing video social media platforms from the perspective of tourism destination marketers.
Complex-Valued Noisy Sinewaves Frequency Estimator Based on DTFT Linearization and Interpolation
Authors: Belega Daniel , Petri Dario 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis paper proposes an Interpolated Discrete-Time Fourier Transform (LIpDTFT) estimator for complex-valued noisy sinewave frequency based on the Linearization of the DTFT module behavior around the spectrum peak. It belongs to a class of LIpDTFT estimators that compensate the poor Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) frequency resolution by interpolating two DTFT samples located very close to an initial frequency estimate. As compared with other DTFT-based frequency estimators recently proposed in the literature, the proposed LIpDTFT estimator ensures a smaller interpolation error and a lower processing effort. Moreover, if the rectangular window is adopted, it almost attains the unbiased Cramér-Rao Lower Bound (CRLB) even if a very small number of samples is analyzed. The accuracies ensured in different operating conditions by the proposed frequency estimator and other state-of-the-art DTFT-based algorithms are compared to each other through computer simulations.
Energy and structural optimization of mid-rise light-frame timber buildings for different climates and seismic zones in Chile
Authors: Wenzel Alexander , Vera Sergio , Guindos Pablo 
Published: May 2024

AbstractLocation determines not only the climatic condition but also the structural loads that the structure must withstand. Given the broad variety of climatic and seismic requirements of Chile, the design of lightweight timber buildings considering both energy and seismic design parameters and boundary conditions becomes a difficult task. The main objective of this research is to analyze and quantify the effect of climates, seismic loads, lateral anchorage, and story number on the optimal energy design solutions, including the seismic behavior in a light-frame timber building. Furthermore, the optimal design was parametrically analyzed considering five Chilean cities that consider different climates, seismic zone, number of stories, and lateral anchorage systems to prevent rocking (overturning) due to lateral seismic forces. The optimal wall insulation thickness, stud spacing, and thermal mass exhibited significant variations depending on the buildings' number of stories, lateral anchorage system, climate, and seismic zone. Therefore, the results of this investigation reinforce the necessity of integrating energy and seismic designs for light-frame timber buildings. The optimal designs obtained in this investigation showed considerable variations depending on the combination of climatic and seismic loads as well as the number of stories and anchoring systems. The article's main contributions are the evidence of the structural and energy design interconnection of light-frame timber buildings and how design variables, such as stud spacing, floor concrete thickness layer, and wall insulation thickness, are related and change according to the different climates, seismic loads, lateral anchorage, and story number.
Writing a research funding proposal
Authors: Münch Lukas N. , Schüttler Karl F. , Ackermann Jakob , Deichsel Adrian , Eggeling Lena , Günther Daniel , Kopf Sebastian , Laky Brenda , Mathis Dominic , Wafaisade Arasch , Herbst Elmar 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe key to success in securing financial support for research projects lies in the preparation of a well-crafted research grant proposal, showcasing the competence, dedication, and organizational skills of the research group as well as the scientific merit of the proposed study. This paper delineates the essential elements of a successful funding proposal, providing a structured guide to enhance the prospects of obtaining the necessary financial support. In general, the research project should align with the objectives and priorities of the funding agency. Attention to formalities, such as proper formatting and adherence to application guidelines, is mandatory. The core component of a research grant proposal is the formulation of a clear and well-founded research question and hypothesis. The methodology section should address the measurement methods and experimental setup. Additionally, developing a realistic research schedule and milestones is of great importance, along with anticipating potential barriers and challenges. Finally, the proposal’s financial aspect is addressed through a detailed cost breakdown that aligns with the sample size calculation and methodology.
Katětov order between Hindman, Ramsey and summable ideals
Authors: Filipów Rafał , Kowitz Krzysztof , Kwela Adam 
Published: May 2024

AbstractA family $$\mathcal {I}$$
I
of subsets of a set X is an ideal on X if it is closed under taking subsets and finite unions of its elements. An ideal $$\mathcal {I}$$
I
on X is below an ideal $$\mathcal {J}$$
J
on Y in the Katětov order if there is a function $$f{: }Y\rightarrow X$$

f
:
Y
→
X

such that $$f^{-1}[A]\in \mathcal {J}$$

f

-
1

[
A
]

∈
J

for every $$A\in \mathcal {I}$$

A
∈
I

. We show that the Hindman ideal, the Ramsey ideal and the summable ideal are pairwise incomparable in the Katětov order, where

The Ramsey ideal consists of those sets of pairs of natural numbers which do not contain a set of all pairs of any infinite set (equivalently do not contain, in a sense, any infinite complete subgraph),

The Hindman ideal consists of those sets of natural numbers which do not contain any infinite set together with all finite sums of its members (equivalently do not contain IP-sets that are considered in Ergodic Ramsey theory),

The summable ideal consists of those sets of natural numbers such that the series of the reciprocals of its members is convergent.
A Koopman–Takens Theorem: Linear Least Squares Prediction of Nonlinear Time Series
Authors: Koltai Péter , Kunde Philipp 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe least squares linear filter, also called the Wiener filter, is a popular tool to predict the next element(s) of time series by linear combination of time-delayed observations. We consider observation sequences of deterministic dynamics, and ask: Which pairs of observation function and dynamics are predictable? If one allows for nonlinear mappings of time-delayed observations, then Takens’ well-known theorem implies that a set of pairs, large in a specific topological sense, exists for which an exact prediction is possible. We show that a similar statement applies for the linear least squares filter in the infinite-delay limit, by considering the forecast problem for invertible measure-preserving maps and the Koopman operator on square-integrable functions.
Effect of salinity on the bioluminescence intensity of the heterotrophic dinoflagellates Noctiluca scintillans and Polykrikos kofoidii and the autotrophic dinoflagellate Alexandrium mediterraneum
Authors: Park Sang Ah , Jeong Hae Jin , Ok Jin Hee , Kang Hee Chang , You Ji Hyun , Eom Se Hee , Du Yoo Yeong , Lee Moo Joon 
Published: May 2024

AbstractMany dinoflagellate species are bioluminescent, which is one of the anti-predation mechanisms in these species. In addition, dinoflagellate species experience a wide range of salinities in the ocean. However, the effects of salinity on their bioluminescence intensity has only been investigated for one species. Here, we explored the effect of salinity on the bioluminescence intensity of the heterotrophic dinoflagellate Noctiluca scintillans NSDJ2010 feeding on the chlorophyte Dunaliella salina, the heterotrophic dinoflagellate Polykrikos kofoidii PKJH1607 feeding on the dinoflagellate Alexadrium minutum, and the autotrophic dinoflagellate Alexandrium mediterraneum AMYS1807. Moreover, to determine the cell volume and growth effects on bioluminescence intensity, the cell volume and growth rate of three bioluminescent dinoflagellates were simultaneously investigated. The mean 200-s-integrated bioluminescence intensity (BL) per cell, equivalent to the total bioluminescence, of N. scintillans, P. kofoidii, and A. mediterraneum was significantly affected by salinity and increased with increasing salinity from 10 to 40. The results of the present study suggest that the total bioluminescence of N. scintillans, P. kofoidii, and A. mediterraneum in offshore and oceanic waters is greater than that in estuarine waters.
Genomic and Transcriptomic Diversification of Flagellin Genes Provides Insight into Environmental Adaptation and Phylogeographic Characteristics in Aeromonas hydrophila
Authors: Roh HyeongJin , Kannimuthu Dhamotharan 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAeromonas hydrophila is an opportunistic motile pathogen with a broad host range, infecting both terrestrial and aquatic animals. Environmental and geographical conditions exert selective pressure on both geno- and phenotypes of pathogens. Flagellin, directly exposed to external environments and containing important immunogenic epitopes, may display significant variability in response to external conditions. In this study, we conducted a comparative analysis of ~  150 A. hydrophila genomes, leading to the identification of six subunits of the flagellin gene (fla-1 to fla-4, flaA, and flaB). Individual strains harbored different composition of flagellin subunits and copies. The composition of subunits showed distinct patterns depending on environmental sources. Strains from aquatic environments were mainly comprised of fla-1 to fla-4 subunits, while terrestrial strains predominated in groups harboring flaA and flaB subunits. Each flagellin showed varying levels of expression, with flaA and flaB demonstrating significantly higher expression compared to others. One of the chemotaxis pathways that control flagellin movement through a two-component system was significantly upregulated in flaA(+ 1)/flaB(+ 1) group, whereas flaA and flaB showed different transcriptomic expressions. The genes positively correlated with flaA expression were relevant to biofilm formation and bacterial chemotaxis, but flaB showed a negative correlation with the genes in ABC transporters and quorum sensing pathway. However, the expression patterns of fla-2 to fla-4 were identical. This suggests various types of flagellin subunits may have different biological functions. The composition and expression levels of flagellin subunits could provide valuable insights into the adaptation of A. hydrophila and the differences among strains in response to various external environments.