bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of fragmented medial coronoid process of the ulna in lame adult dogs
Authors: Meyer‐Lindenberg A. , Langhann A. , Fehr M. , Nolte I. 
Published: October 2010

Over a period of three years, a diagnosis of fragmented medial coronoid process of the ulna was confirmed by arthroscopy in 263 dogs, in 69 of which both elbow joints were affected, giving a total of 332 affected joints; 39 of the joints were also affected by osteochondrosis dissecans of the trochlea of the humerus. More than half of the dogs (51·7 per cent) were over one year old when first examined. In 259 (78 per cent) of the joints there were radiographic changes of secondary osteoarthrosis of different severity, but the other 73 (22 per cent) had no signs of osteophytosis except for a mild sclerosis. Among these 73 there were 14 joints in 13 dogs between 19 and 36 months old and 11 joints in 10 dogs over three years old. A further 12 joints in 11 dogs over three years old showed only mild arthrosis. In five of the 11 joints of the dogs over three years old which had no radiological signs of arthrosis, the fragment was already dislocated. Among the dogs over 18 months old with no arthrosis and the dogs over three years old with mild arthrosis, the most commonly affected breeds were the Bernese mountain dog, rottweiler and boxer.
Effects of age, size and condition of elephant seals (Mirounga leonina) on their intravenous anaesthesia with tiletamine and zolazepam
Authors: Field I. C. , McMahon C. R. , Burton H. R. , Bradshaw C. J. A. , Harrinigton J. 
Published: October 2010

Southern elephant seals (Mirounga leonina) were caught as part of a long‐term demographic study on Macquarie Island. Over 18 months, 1033 seals were caught by hand and anaesthetised intravenously with a 1:1 mixture of tiletamine and zolazepam. Assessments were made of the effects of variations in the body condition and age at capture of the seals on the characteristics of their anaesthesia, including induction time and weighted recovery time. The size and condition of the seals were assessed by morphometric and ultrasound measurements. Weighted recovery times decreased as the body condition and age of the seals increased, but there were no residual effects of sex. There were no fatalities, and no periods of apnoea longer than five minutes were recorded. In individual seals there was a significant increase in weighted recovery time with successive captures.
Association between postpartum pyrexia and uterine bacterial infection in dairy cattle
Authors: Sheldon I. M. , Rycroft A. N. , Zhou C. 
Published: October 2010

The temperature of 90 dairy cattle was recorded for the first 10 days after parturition and the animals were categorised as either normal (<39.7°C) or pyrexic. Swabs were collected from the uterine lumen seven, 14, 21 and 28 days after parturition for aerobic and anaerobic culture; bacteria were identified and their growth was scored semiquantitatively. Blood samples were collected three times a week for the estimation of the concentrations of acute phase proteins. The cows' temperatures were often above the accepted normal range, but it was not a good indicator of the number of bacteria in the uterus. However, pyrexia was correlated with the presence of specific uterine pathogens (P<0.05) and in particular withPrevotellaspecies (P<0.01). The pyrexic animals had a higher plasma concentration of the acute phase protein (α1‐acid glycoprotein (P<0.05). Although pyrexia is an indicator of postpartum inflammation, additional clinical signs are necessary to identify uterine bacterial infection.
Field trial of the efficacy of a combination of ivermectin and praziquantel in horses infected with roundworms and tapeworms
Authors: Barrett E. J. , Farlam J. , Proudman C. J. 
Published: October 2010

Two hundred and thirty‐three horses were screened for the presence of roundworms by faecal egg counts (FEcs) and for tapeworms by an ELISA specific for antibodies to the immunodominant 12 kDa and 13 kDa tapeworms antigen. The 62 horses were found to be infected with both parasites were treated with a combination of 0.2 mg/kg ivermectin and 1.5 mg/kg praziquantel. The treatment suppressed the median FEC of the horses to zero for 10 weeks and significantly reduced their anti‐12/13 kDa antibody levels. The estimated risk of tapeworm‐associated colic in these horses was halved by 12 weeks after the treatment.
Effects of stocking density and group size on the condition of the skin and feathers of pheasant chicks
Authors: Kjaer J. B. 
Published: October 2010

Twenty‐two flocks of pheasants were reared from day‐old to approximately six weeks of age without the use of beak trimming or other measures against feather pecking. The pheasants were housed in aviaries in groups of 80 or 240 chicks at stocking densities of 0.7, 1.3 or 4.0 birds per m2. The quality of the pheasants'plumage was poorer at the highest stocking density than at the two lower densities. Higher stocking densities resulted in higher proportions of birds with injuries to their skin (7.2 per cent, 13 per cent and 34 per cent). The group size had no significant effect on the quality of the birds' plumage, but at the largest group size there were significantly more beak‐inflicted skin injuries (21 per cent v 12 per cent). In the period between 35 and 42 days of age, the quality of the birds' plumage decreased significantly.
Efficacy of eprinomectin pour‐on against gastrointestinal nematodes and the nasal bot fly (Oestrus ovis) in sheep
Authors: Hoste H. , Lemercier P. , Jacquiet P. , Dorchies P. , Lespine A. , Alvinerie M. 
Published: October 2010

The efficacy of the pour‐on formulation of eprinomectin, at a dose rate of 0.5 mg/kg bodyweight, was assessed in sheep against three main species of gastrointestinal nematodes and against the nasal bot fly, Oestrus ovis, and some pharmacokinetic parameters were determined for 21 days after the treatment. By comparison with untreated control sheep, infected experimentally with Haemonchus contortus, Teladorsagia circumcincta and Trichostrongylus colubriformis, eprinomectin was 100 per cent effective against the two abomasal species and 99‐5 per cent effective against Tcolubriformis. In ewes naturally infected with the nasal bot fly, the efficacy of the drug against 0 ovis was 97.7 per cent. The mean (se) systemic area under the curve (Auc) was 56.0 (26.2) ng/day/ml and the mean residence time was 5.3 (1.0) days, but there were wide variations between individual sheep.
Treatment of suckling beef cattle with a progestagen sponge and oestradiol benzoate or equine chorionic gonadotrophin
Authors: Viñoles C. , Quintans G. , Paiva N. , Cavestany D. 
Published: October 2010

The ovarian responses of anoestrus beef cows to a combined treatment with medroxy‐progesterone acetate (MAP) sponges and oestradiol benzoate or equine chorionic gonadotrophin (eCG) were evaluated. Forty‐fiwe suckling Hereford cows were allocated to three equal groups. Group 1 received a MAP sponge for seven days plus an injection of 2 mg oestradiol benzoate when the sponge was inserted (day 0) and 1 mg when the sponge was withdrawn; group 2 received identical treatment until day 7, when a dose of 400 iu of eCG was administered, and group 3 were left untreated as control animals. From day 0 to day 11 the cows' ovaries were examined daily by transrectal ultrasonography, and their oestrous behaviour was observed from 24 hours to 96 hours after the sponge was removed. Data from cows that had a corpus luteum present before the sponge was withdrawn were not used in subsequent analyses; there were four in group 1, five in group 2 and four in group 3. In 19 of the 21 cows in groups 1 and 2 a new follicular wave was observed to emerge at a mean (sd) interval of 3.9 (0.3) days after the insertion of the sponge, whereas in group 3 it occurred in all 11 cows after 3.4 (0.6) days. Only the six cows that had a follicle of 9 mm or larger in diameter ovulated (P≤0.001). Nine of the 11 cows in group 1 came into oestrus, compared with two of the 10 in group 2 and none of the control cows (P≤0.001). Ovulation was observed in four, two and none of the cows in groups 1, 2 and 3, respectively.
Pantarsal arthrodesis with a customised medial or lateral bone plate in 13 dogs
Authors: McKee W. M. , May C. , Macias C. , Lapish J. P. 
Published: October 2010

Pantarsal arthrodesis was performed in 12 dogs using a customised medial bone plate, and in one using a lateral bone plate. The dogs' ages ranged from 14 months to 144 months (median 30 months) and their bodyweights ranged from 7 to 66 kg (median 32 kg). Before the surgery they had been lame on a pelvic limb for between one and 16 months (median eight months). In eight of the dogs the fixation of the plate was augmented with a calcaneotibial positional screw, and in one of them with a talocrural lag screw. A cranial half cast was applied to 12 of the dogs and an external skeletal fixator to the other for six to eight weeks. Five complications were recorded in four of the dogs. Between 29 and 156 weeks postoperatively the clinical outcome was graded as excellent in six dogs, good in six dogs and fair in the other.
Mycoplasmaspecies and related organisms isolated from ruminants in Britain between 1990 and 2000
Authors: Ayling R.D. , Bashiruddin S. E. , Nicholas R. A. J. 
Published: October 2010

Between 1990 and 2000, more than 1600 mycoplasmas and the related acholeplasmas were identified from ruminant animals by the Mycoplasma Group at the Veterinary Laboratories Agency — Weybridge.Mycoplasma boviswas the most commonly identified pathogen, mostly from pneumonic calves but occasionally from cattle with mastitis and arthritis.Mycoplasma caniswas first isolated in Britain in 1995 from pneumonic calves and the number of isolates increased to 18 per cent of the total mycoplasmas isolated from cattle in 1999. The ELISA for antibodies toM bovisdetected 1971 positive samples (22 per cent) among 8959 serum samples, mainly from pneumonic cattle. Other mycoplasmas identified includedMycoplasma disparfrom the lungs of cattle with respiratory disease, andMycoplasma bovigenitaliumfrom the reproductive tract of cows with vulvovaginitis and infertility.Mycoplasma bovirhinisandAcholeplasmaspecies were found commonly but are thought to be more opportunistic than pathogenic. In sheep and goats, the majority ofMycoplasmaspecies isolated were identified asMycoplasma ovipneumoniaefrom pneumonic sheep,Mycoplasma conjunctivaefrom sheep with keratoconjunctivitis, and the ubiquitousMycoplasma arginini.
Urinary corticoid:creatinine ratios in healthy pet dogs after oral low‐dose dexamethasone suppression tests
Authors: Vaessen M. M. A. R. , Kooistra H. S. , Mol J. A. , Rijnberk A. 
Published: October 2010

Eleven dogs were used in a trial to find a suitable dose of dexamethasone for an oral dexamethasone suppression test for the diagnosis of hyperadrenocorticism. Basal urinary corticoid:creatinine ratios were established in all 11 and then groups of seven were given oral doses of 0.02, 0.01 or 0.0075 mg dexamethasone/kg bodyweight and urine samples were collected at two‐hour intervals from 08.00 to 22.00. The doses of 0.02 and 0.01 mg/kg consistently suppressed their urinary corticoid:creatinine ratios measured at 16.00 by a mean of more than 50 per cent and those of individual dogs to less than 1.0 × 10‐6, whereas the dose of 0.0075 mg/kg did not.
Comparison of the analgesic effects of meloxicam and carprofen administered preoperatively to dogs undergoing orthopaedic surgery
Authors: Laredo F. G. , Belda E. , Murciano J. , Escobar M. , Navarro A. , Robinson K. J. , Jones R. S. 
Published: October 2010

Thirty‐two dogs undergoing operations to repair a torn cranial cruciate ligament or a fractured long bone were randomly allocated to one of two treatment groups in a study on postoperative pain. Sixteen of the dogs were given 4 mg/kg carprofen and the other 16 were given 0.2 mg/kg meloxicam subcutaneously before the operation. The signs of pain shown by the animals were assessed for 24 hours on a visual analogue scale, a discontinuous scoring system, and a score based on five behavioural and physiological variables. The dogs' heart and respiratory rates and their mean arterial blood pressures were also measured non‐invasively at each assessment. Blood samples were taken before the surgery and 24 hours after it, and the concentrations of urea and creatinine were measured in plasma. Both drugs were effective in relieving the signs of pain for up to 24 hours in all the dogs. There were no significant changes in the concentrations of urea and creatinine, and no adverse effects were reported during the postoperative period.
Serum activity/concentration profiles of a sustained‐released formulation of sulphathiazole‐trimethoprim (2·5:1) in calves
Authors: Sumano H. , Gutierrez L. , Zamora M. A. , Perez M. , Cruz C. 
Published: October 2010

Thirty‐six two‐week‐old healthy Holstein‐Friesian calves weighing between 52 and 58 kg were divided at random into three groups of 12; group A calves were given a single oral bolus containing 2.5 g sulphathiazole and 1 g trimethoprim in a sustained‐release formulation; group B received the same doses of the drugs but the trimethoprim was not in a sustained‐release formulation; group C received a bolus containing 2.5 g sulphathiazole and 0.5 g conventional trimethoprim. Blood samples were collected at intervals for two days, the serum was separated and the composite antibacterial activity profiles of the mixture were analysed by an agar‐diffusion microbiological method. The mean maximum activities in the serum of the three groups were 23.4 μg/ml in group A, 9.25 μg/ml in group B and 8.01 μg/ml in group C. The mean areas under the curves of the serum activity time curves were 838 μg/ml/hour in group A, 216 μg/ml/hour in group B and 182 μg/ml/hour in group C.
Doppler ultrasonographic assessment of closure of the ductus venosus in neonatal Irish wolfhounds
Authors: Lamb C. R. , Burton C. A. 
Published: October 2010

The normal appearance and closure time of the ductus venosus of 22 neonatal Irish wolfhounds from three unrelated litters were determined by repeated two‐dimensional, grey‐scale and colour‐flow Doppler ultrasound examinations. A left intercostal approach was used to identify the ductus venosus, which appeared as a parallel‐sided or cone‐shaped vessel connecting a left‐sided intrahepatic branch of the portal vein with a confluence of veins on the cranial aspect of the liver. Doppler signals indicative of patent ductus venosus were obtained in nine of nine puppies on day 2, 11 of 17 on day 4, five of 22 on day 6, none of nine on day 9 and none of eight on day 10.
Effect of teasing, mechanical stimulaton and the intrauterine infusion of saline on uterine contractions in mares
Authors: Campbell M. L. H. , England G. C. W. 
Published: October 2010

Uterine motility may have significance for the transportation of spermatozoa and the elimination of the ejaculate and inflammatory products after mares have been covered. The effect of some of the component stimuli of coitus on uterine contractions was investigated by using M‐mode ultrasound. The number, amplitude and duration of the uterine contractions of each uterine horn and of the uterine body were measured in oestrous mares for four minutes before and four minutes after teasing by a stallion, mechanical stimulation of the vagina and cervix, the intrauterine infusion of 80 ml of sterile saline, the intrauterine infusion of 10 ml of sterile saline, the intrauterine infusion of 150 ml of sterile saline, and the transcervical passage of a uterine catheter. Teasing by a stallion did not affect the total number, mean amplitude or mean duration of the uterine contractions. Mechanical stimulation of the vagina and cervix increased the total number of uterine contractions, but did not affect the amplitude or duration of the contractions. The intrauterine infusion of 80 ml of sterile saline resulted in an increase in the total number of contractions and a significant increase in the mean amplitude and the mean duration of the contractions in the uterine horns but not the uterine body. The intrauterine infusion of 10 ml of sterile saline caused a significant decrease in the number of uterine contractions in the uterine horns, but had no effect on the contractions of the uterine body. The infusion of 150 ml of sterile saline reduced the number of contractions in the uterine horns but not the uterine body, and did not affect the mean amplitude and mean duration of the contractions. The transcervical insertion of a catheter reduced the number of contractions in the uterine horns, but did not affect the amplitude or duration of the uterine contractions.
Steroid hormone receptors in normal, dysplastic and neoplastic feline mammary tissues and their prognostic significance
Authors: Millanta F. , Calandrella M. , Vannozzi I. , Poli A. 
Published: October 2010

The expression of oestrogen‐α and progesterone receptors was determined in 13 normal, 21 dysplastic and 53 neoplastic feline mammary tissues. Expression of the receptors was correlated with cell proliferation, as assessed by the MIB‐1 immunolabelling index, and with the clinical course of the disease. The expression of oestrogen receptors was significantly higher in healthy tissues and in adenosis than in neoplastic lesions, and the levels of progesterone receptors increased in fibroadenomatous changes and in ‘in situ’ carcinomas but decreased in invasive carcinomas. The oestrogen and progesterone receptor status of the invasive carcinomas did not correlate either with the histological parameters or with the overall survival of the cats, although the oestrogen receptor‐negative tumours had a poor prognosis. Oestrogen receptorpositive neoplasms had a significantly lower MIB‐1 immunolabelling index than oestrogen receptor‐negative neoplasms.
Molecular epidemiology of ovine herpesvirus type 2 infection in Kashmir, India
Authors: Wani S. A. , Samanta I. , Pandit F. , Buchoo B. A. , Peer F. , Bhat M. A. 
Published: October 2010

The aims of this investigation were to determine the prevalence of ovine herpesvirus type 2 (ovhv‐2) (the causative agent of malignant catarrhal fever) infection in cattle, the carrier status of sheep and goats, and to define the pattern of acquisition of ovhv‐2 in lambs under natural flock conditions in Kashmir, India. None of the buffy coat samples from 21 lambs contained ovhv‐2 dna sequences up to 28 days after birth, only one lamb had sequences of ovhv‐2 dna as early as 29 days after birth, and they were detected in the other 20 lambs when they were between 43 and 94 days of age. Sequences of ovhv‐2 dna were detected in buffy coat samples from 28 (85 per cent) of 33 adult sheep and in 16 (61 per cent) of 26 samples from adult goats by hemi‐nested pcr. Seventeen (31 per cent) of 55 cattle with malignant catarrhal fever‐like clinical signs had sequences of ovhv‐2 dna in their blood, and nine of the 17 died, all of them during the months of April to November, between November 2002 and March 2004. No clinical cases of sheep‐associated malignant catarrhal fever was recorded during the months of December to March. The overall prevalence of ovhv‐2 infection in the cattle in the region was estimated to be less than 1 per cent.
International disease monitoring, July to September 2006
Authors: Sabirovic M. , Raw L. , Rogers A. , Lock F. , Hall S. , Elliott H. , Coulson N. 
Published: October 2010

Classical swine fever outbreaks in South America, eastern Europe and east AsiaFoot‐and‐mouth disease reported from Africa, east Asia, eastern Europe and South AmericaUpdates on highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses in Asia, the Middle East, Africa and EuropeLow pathogenic avian influenza controlled in the European Union (eu)Outbreaks of Newcastle disease in Europe and South AmericaOutbreak of contagious bovine pleuropneumonia in ZambiaEmergence of bluetongue (bt) virus serotype 8 in western Europe, and spread ofbtvirus serotype 1 through AlgeriaVesicular stomatitis re‐emerges in theusaand EcuadorLumpy skin disease controlled in IsraelEndemic sheep pox and goat pox continues to be reported by TurkeyFirst occurrence of peste des petits ruminants in the Democratic Republic of Congo; continued reports from endemic areas in TurkeyOutbreaks of equine infectious anaemia in theeu— These are among matters discussed in the international disease monitoring report for July to September 2006, prepared bydefra's International Animal Health Division
International disease monitoring, April to June 2006
Authors: Sabirovic M. , Raw L. , Lock F. , Hall S. , Coulson N. 
Published: October 2010

Classical swine fever in Brazil, Guatemala and Germany
Foot‐and‐mouth disease in Turkey, Palestinian Autonomous Territories, Egypt, Botswana, Brazil, Ecuador, China and Vietnam
Highly pathogenic avian influenza in Croatia, the Czech Republic, Denmark, France, Germany, Hungary, Poland, Romania, Switzerland, Turkey, Ukraine, the uk, Azerbaijan, Israel, Jordan, Palestinian Autonomous Territories, Cambodia, China, India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Mongolia, Myanmar, Pakistan, Thailand, Burkina Faso, Côte d'Ivoire, Niger, Nigeria, Sudan and Djibouti
Low pathogenic avian influenza in Denmark and the uk
Newcastle disease in Bulgaria, Denmark, France, Romania, Sweden, Turkey and Japan
Rinderpest in Iraq
African horse sickness in South Africa
Vesicular stomatitis in the usa
Lumpy skin disease in Egypt and Israel
West Nile fever in Argentina
— These are among matters discussed in the international disease monitoring report for April to June 2006, prepared by defra 's International Animal Health Division
Lancefield group B and C streptococci in East African camels (Camelus dromedarius)
Authors: Younan M. , Bornstein S. 
Published: October 2010

Seventeen Lancefield group C streptococci (13 Streptococcus equi zooepidemicus and four Streptococcus dysgalactiae equisimilis) and 185 Lancefield group B streptococci (Streptococcus agalactiae) were isolated from camels (Camelus dromedarius) in Kenya and Somalia; 59 of the isolates were from healthy nasopharynx, vaginal and rectal mucosa and from non‐abscessed lymph nodes, and the other 143 isolates were from clinical infections of the respiratory tract, tick bite lesions, abscessed lymph nodes, abscesses and other purulent skin lesions, periarthritis and arthritis, puerperal infection and gingivitis. The role of Lancefield group B and C streptococci as commensals and common opportunistic pathogens in East African camels is described.
Alopecia in pomeranians and miniature poodles in association with high urinary corticoid: creatinine ratios and resistance to glucocorticoid feedback
Authors: Cerundolo R. , Lloyd D. H. , Vaessen M. M. A. R. , Mol J. A. , Kooistra H. S. , Rijnberk A. 
Published: October 2010

The adrenocortical function of pomeranians and miniature poodles with alopecia was tested by serial measurements of the urinary corticoid: creatinine ratio (uccr) and by an oral low‐dose dexamethasone suppression test (lddst) and uccr measurements. In most of the dogs there was day‐to‐day variation in the uccr s of the 10 sequential urine samples, often with values above or below the upper limit of the range of healthy control dogs. In 22 alopecic pomeranians the basal uccr s were significantly higher than in 18 non‐alopecic pomeranians, and the values of both groups were significantly higher than those of 88 healthy pet dogs. The uccr s of 12 alopecic miniature poodles were significantly higher than those of healthy dogs. In 12 alopecic pomeranians and eight alopecic miniature poodles the oral lddst revealed increased resistance to dexamethasone. In six non‐alopecic pomeranians the uccr s after the administration of dexamethasone were not significantly different from those in seven healthy dogs at the same time. In an oral high‐dose dexamethasone suppression test, using 0·1 mg dexamethasone/kg bodyweight, the uccr s of seven alopecic pomeranians and five alopecic miniature poodles decreased to low levels.