bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Haptic perceptions in the vehicle seat
Authors: Ji Yong Gu , Lee Kwangil , Hwang Wonil 
Published: November 2010

AbstractThe perceptual overloads of visually and auditorily based information and their interference phenomena within vehicles led to research for the applicability of haptically based information and the haptic interfaces to intelligent vehicles. Because seats are the interface that touches the largest area of the driver's body, the driver's seat in vehicles has been the focus of a promising haptic interface that can improve the safety of drivers and the effectiveness and efficiency of the information transfer between vehicles and drivers. This study aims to provide practical guidelines as a building block for designing the haptic (or vibrotactile) interface in a vehicle's driver's seat by investigating, through four experiments, 1) proper intensity of vibration, 2) minimum distance of spatially distinguishable vibrations, 3) proper position and direction of vibration, and 4) proper rhythm of vibration. Twenty participants took part in the experiments, which were conducted in driving simulation environments. These environments consisted of a real car seat, commercial vibration actuators (i.e., the eccentric motors), and a monitor that showed scenes of the road while driving. This study recommended the proper intensity (approximately 26 to 34 Hz and 2.0 to 3.4 G), position (seat pan or back support), direction (horizontal or indirect), intervibration distance (8 to 9 cm), and rhythm of vibration (3‐s duration with 0.5‐s interval), and showed how the characteristics of drivers, such as gender and age, had effects on setting the design variables of the haptic interface in the vehicle seat. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Biocompatible gellan gum‐reduced gold nanoparticles: cellular uptake and subacute oral toxicity studies
Authors: Dhar Sheetal , Mali Vishal , Bodhankar Subhash , Shiras Anjali , Prasad B. L. V. , Pokharkar Varsha 
Published: November 2010

ABSTRACTCurrently gold nanoparticles are being explored for drug delivery and other biomedical applications; therefore it is necessary to study the fate of such nanoparticles inside the body. The objective of the present study was to investigate the cellular uptake and toxicity of the gold nanoparticles synthesized using a microbial polysaccharide, gellan gum, as a capping and reducing agent. The cellular uptake of gold nanoparticles was studied on mouse embryonic fibroblast cells, NIH3T3 and human glioma cell line, LN‐229. The cellular uptake study indicated that the gellan gum‐reduced gold nanoparticles were located in cancer cells (LN‐229) while no uptake was observed in normal mouse embryonic fibroblast cells (NIH3T3). The toxicity of the gold nanoparticles was evaluated by carrying out subacute 28 day oral toxicity studies in rats. Subacute administration of gum‐reduced gold nanoparticles to the rats did not show any hematological or biochemical abnormalities. The weight and normal architecture of various organs did not change compared with control. The current findings, while establishing the specific uptake of nanoparticles into cancerous cells, also demonstrates that the gellan gum‐reduced gold nanoparticles are devoid of toxicity in animals following oral administration. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
NADPH oxidase participates in the oxidative damage caused by fluoride in rat spermatozoa. Protective role ofα‐tocopherol
Authors: Izquierdo‐Vega Jeannett A. , Sánchez‐Gutiérrez Manuel , Del Razo Luz María 
Published: November 2010

AbstractFluorosis, caused by drinking water contaminated with inorganic fluoride, is a public health problem in many areas around the world. The aim of this study was to evaluate oxidative stress in spermatozoa caused by fluoride and NADPH oxidase in relationship to fluoride. Four experimental groups of male Wistar rats were administered with deionized water, NaF, at a dose equivalent to 5 mg fluoride kg−1per 24 h, NaF plus 20 mg kg−1per 24 hα‐tocopherol, orα‐tocopherol alone for 60 days. We evaluated several spermatozoa parameters in the four groups: standard quality analysis, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), NADPH oxidase activity, TBARS formation, ultrastructural analyses of spermatozoa using transmission electron microscopy andin vitrofertilization (IVF) capacity. After 60 days of treatment, urinary excretion of fluoride was not modified byα‐tocopherol. Spermatozoa from fluoride‐treated rats exhibited a significant increase in the generation of ROS, accompanied by a significant increase in NADPH oxidase activity. The increase in ROS generation was significantly diminished by diphenylene iodonium, an inhibitor of NADPH oxidase activity. In contrast, a decrease in the generation of ROS, an increase in SOD activity and the prevention of TBARS formation process were observed in spermatozoa of rats exposed to fluoride plusα‐tocopherol. Finally,α‐tocopherol treatment prevented the IVF incapacity observed in the spermatozoa from fluoride‐treated rats. These results suggest that NADPH oxidase participates in the oxidative stress damage caused by subchronic exposure to fluoride. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Three‐dimensional visualization of the first hyperpolarizability tensor
Authors: Tuer Adam , Krouglov Serguei , Cisek Richard , Tokarz Danielle , Barzda Virginijus 
Published: November 2010

AbstractWith polarization dependent second harmonic generation (SHG) microscopy becoming a more popular method for investigating the structure of biological materials, there is a need to develop tools with which to understand and interpret the observed SHG properties. Quantum mechanical calculations of the hyperpolarizability tensor have become a popular method for understanding the SHG properties of biomolecules. Visualization of the full hyperpolarizability tensor, termed the unit sphere representation, has been developed to provide insight and intuition on the relationship between SHG properties and molecules. A single vector representation is also presented, which approximates the SHG properties of molecules for certain cases, where the anisotropy is negligible. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Chem, 2011
Triton B catalyzed three‐component, one‐pot synthesis of 2‐amino‐2‐chromenes at ambient temperature
Authors: Sabitha Gowravaram , Bhikshapathi M. , Nayak Sambit , Srinivas R. , Yadav J. S. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractA one‐pot, three‐component synthesis of 2‐amino‐2‐chromenes is described at ambient temperature by the reaction of an aldehyde and malononitrile or ethyl cyanoacetate with α‐naphthol or β‐naphthol in ethanol in presence of a catalytic amount of Triton B. J. Heterocyclic Chem., (2011).
Synthesis and reactions of 3‐cyano‐4,6‐dimethyl‐2‐pyridone
Authors: Elassar Abdel‐Zaher A. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractRapid synthesis of 3‐cyano‐4,6‐dimethyl‐2‐pyridone 3, using piprazine as a catalyst was reported. X‐ray data of the 4,6‐dimethyl‐2‐oxo‐1,2‐dihydropyridine‐3‐carbonitrile exhibited its oxo form. Synthesis of isoquinolinecarbonitrile and pyridylpyridazine using compound 3 was investigated. Reactivity of the synthesized pyridone toward different organic reagents was also studied. J. Heterocyclic Chem., (2011).
Modular synthesis of pyrrolo[2,1‐b]thiazoles and related monocyclic pyrrolo structures
Authors: O'Dwyer Emma E. , Mullane Nessa S. , Smyth Timothy P. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractA modular synthesis of selectively‐substituted pyrrolo[2,1‐b]thiazoles (Δ6 isomeric form) has been implemented, involving a distinctive bicyclization reaction of a mucobromic acid derivative followed by a Suzuki‐Miyaura coupling. A novel process of Δ6 to Δ7 isomerization of the pyrrolothiazole structure was uncovered that appears to involve a 1,4‐addition‐1,2‐elimination mechanism. Preparation of 1,5‐dihydropyrrol‐2‐one structures, selectively substituted at the 3‐ and 4‐positions, was also achieved using the mucobromic acid synthon in a reductive amination process. J. Heterocyclic Chem., (2011).
Course of posttraumatic stress symptoms over the 5 years following an industrial disaster: A structural equation modeling study
Authors: Bui Eric , Tremblay Laurent , Brunet Alain , Rodgers Rachel , Jehel Louis , Véry Etienne , Schmitt Laurent , Vautier Stéphane , Birmes Philippe 
Published: November 2010

AbstractThe present study examined individual latent changes in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms over a 60‐month period after an industrial disaster. Participants were recruited from survivors of a factory explosion. Participants were assessed retrospectively for peritraumatic reactions and acute stress symptoms. Posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms were then assessed at 6, 15, and 60 months. Using structural equation modeling, the authors tested 3 hypotheses of individual latent change: stability of PTSD symptoms between 6, 15, and 60 months; change between 6 and 15 months; and change between 15 and 60 months. Only one model provided a good fit suggesting that PTSD symptoms evolved between 6 and 15 months after trauma exposure and remained stable at the individual level thereafter.
Die Differentialideale im Ring der ganzen Funktionen, die bei vorgegebener Ordnung Minimaltyp besitzen
Authors: Timofeev Alexei Ju. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractIn diesem Beitrag werden die endlich erzeugten Differentialideale im Ring der ganzen Funktionen, die bei vorgegebener Ordnung vom Minimaltyp sind, beschrieben. Die erzielten Ergebnisse werden zur Untersuchung des Faktorisierungsproblems für Differentialoperatoren unendlicher Ordnung angewendet.
Quasi‐Affinity for Unbounded Representations
Authors: Ôta Schôichi 
Published: November 2010

AbstractQuasi‐affinity for unbounded representations are introduced and it is shown that, if a self‐adjoint representation π is quasi‐affine to a *‐representation ϱ, then ϱ is also self‐adjoint and π and ϱ are unitarily equivalent.
Supercritical Branching Brownian Motion and K‐P‐P Equation In the Critical Speed‐Area
Authors: Chauvin B. , Rouault A. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractIf Rt is the position of the rightmost particle at time t in a one dimensional branching brownian motion,

whore α is the inverse of the mean life time and m is the mean of the reproduction law. If Zt denotes the random point measure of particles living at time t, we get in the critical area {c = c0}

The function u(t, x) = P(Rt > x) is studied as a solution of the K‐P‐P equation

for some function f.Conditioned on non‐extinction of the spatial tree in the c0‐direction, a limit distribution is obtained and characterized.
A Gelfand‐Phillips Property with Respect to the Weak Topology
Authors: Leung Denny H. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractWe consider a Gelfand‐Phillips type property for the weak topology. The main results that we obtain are (1) for certain Banach spaces, E˜ϵ F inherits this property from E and F, and (2) the spaces Lp(μ, E) have this property when E does.A subset A of a Banach space E is a limited set if every (bounded linear) operator T:E → c0 maps A onto a relatively compact subset of c0. The Banach space E has the Gelfand‐Phillips property if every limited set is relatively compact. In this note, we study the analogous notions set in the weak topology. Thus we say that A ⊂ E is a Grothendieck set if every T: E → c0 maps A onto a relatively weakly compact set; and E is said to have the weak type GP property if every Grothendieck set in E is relatively weakly compact. In the papers [3, 4 and 6], it is shown among other results that the ϵ‐tensor product E and the spaces Lp(μ, E) inherit the Gelfand‐Phillips property from E and F. In this paper, we study the same questions for the weak type GP property.It is easily verified that continuous linear images of Grothendieck sets are Grothendieck and that the weak type GP property is inherited by subspaces. Among the spaces with the weak type GP property one easily finds the separable spaces, and more generally, spaces with a weak* sequentially compact dual ball. Also, C(K) spaces where K is (DCSC) are weak type GP (see [3] and the discussion before Corollary 4 below). A Grothendieck space (a Banach space whose unit ball is a Grothendieck set) has the weak type GP if and only if it is reflexive.
Nullstellensatz effectif et Conjecture de Serre (Théorème de Quillen‐Suslin) pour le Calcul Formel
Authors: Fitchas Noaï , Galligo André 
Published: November 2010

AbstractLet k be an arbitrary field, X1,….,Xn indeterminates over k and F1…, F3 ε ∈ k[X1…,Xn] polynomials of maximal degree \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$ d: = \mathop {\max }\limits_{1 \le i \le a} \deg $\end{document} (Fi). We give an elementary proof of the following effective Nullstellensatz: Assume that F1,…,F have no common zero in the algebraic closure of k. Then there exist polynomials P1…, P3 ε ∈ k[X1…,Xn] such that \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$ 1: = \mathop \Sigma \limits_{1 \le i \le a} $\end{document} PiFi and

This result has many applications in Computer Algebra. To exemplify this, we give an effective quantitative and algorithmic version of the Quillen‐Suslin Theorem baaed on our effective Nullstellensatz.
Compact Null Hypersurfaces and Collapsing Riemannian Manifolds
Authors: Rendall Alan D. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractRestrictions are obtained on the topology of a compact divergence ‐ free null hypersurface in a four‐dimensional Lorentzian manifold whose Ricci tensor is zero or satisfies some weaker conditions. This is done by showing that each null hypersurface of this type can be used to construct a family of three ‐ dimensional Riemannian metrics which collapses with bounded curvature and applying known results on the topology of manifolds which collapse. The result is then applied to general relativity, where it implies a restriction on the topology of smooth compact Cauchy horizons in spacetimes with various types of reasonable matter content.
Some Remarks on Left‐Definite Hamiltonian Systems in the Regular Case
Authors: Vonhoff Rolf 
Published: November 2010

AbstractIt is the aim to confront recent considerations of A.M. Krall on the left‐definite spectral theory of regular Hamiltonian systems with the results of former research in this field. A short survey of the main sources starting with the work of E. Hölder in 1935 is given. After that the essential features of the left‐definite S‐hermitian theory, as it was developed by Schäfke and Schneider in 1965, are presented for the special case of the problems treated by Krall, and an application to Sturm ‐ Liouville equations is given. By comparing methods and assumptions of both theories, it is shown that the main result in Krall's papers, a theorem on eigenfunction expansions, can be obtained under much weaker conditions. Especially one gets rid of the problem that the restrictions in the work of Krall even exclude the classical polar case which builds the starting‐point of the left‐definite theory.
Exact Sequence of Stable Vector Bundles on Projective Curves
Authors: Ballico Edoardo , Brambila Leticia , Russo Barbara 
Published: November 2010

AbstractLet X be a smooth complex projective curve of genus g over an algebraically closed field k of charcteristic 0. In this paper we prove that given two general stable bundles F and G such that
equation image
there exists an extension
equation image
of G by F with E stable.Moreover, such extension also exists for any general stable bundles of F and G of degree even and X either a double covering of a curve of genus 2 or a curve of genus g ≥ 3 + 4(rank G + rank F) + max {rank G, rank F).That solves Lange's conjecture ([L2], p. 455) for such cases.
On the Essential Spectrum of a Class of Operators in Hilbert Space
Authors: Möller Manfred 
Published: November 2010

AbstractSufficient conditions are given such that the product T1T2 of two unbounded operators in Hilbert spaces is essentially selfadjoint and that the nonzero numbers in the essential spectrum of the closure of T1T2 coincide with the nonzero numbers in the essential spectrum of T2T1. If the essential spectrum of the closure of T2T1 only consists of zero and M is a bounded operator, then several formulas for the essential spectrum of the closure of T2T1 + M are given.
Global Behaviour of a Reaction‐Diffusion System Modelling Chemotaxis
Authors: Gajewski Herbert , Zacharias Klaus , Gröger Konrad 
Published: November 2010

AbstractUsing Lyapunov functionals the global behaviour of the solutions of a reaction‐diffusion system modelling chemotaxis is studied for bounded piecewise smooth domains in the plane. Geometric criteria can be given so that this dynamical system tends to a (not necessarily trivial) stationary state.
Model Spaces for Compositions of Q ‐ Functions
Authors: Kaltenbäck Michael 
Published: November 2010

AbstractGiven two Q ‐ functions f and g, a symmetric relation and a selfadjoint extension is constructed whose Q ‐ function is the composition f o g. To obtain this result we use the concept of tensor products of Hilbert spaces. Furthermore for a symmetric relation S and a selfadjoint extension A the Q ‐ function of S and A is related to the Q ‐ function of S−1 and A−1. This connection is used to characterize some properties of S and A by means of their Q ‐ function.
On the Central Connection Problem for the Double Confluent Heun Equation
Authors: Wolf Gerhard 
Published: November 2010

AbstractThe relation between the different local solutions of the double confluent Heun equation is called the central connection problem for this equation. We give limit formulae for the connection coefficients of the matrix which represents the relation between the fundamental sets of asymptotic solutions at the irregular singularities 0 and ∞, respectively. The problem is closely related to the connection problem of a special confluent Heun equation. By Laplace transform, a transfer between the connection problems of the corresponding differential equations takes place.
Formules Locales de Type Martinelli – Bochner – Koppelman sur des Variétés CR
Authors: Barkatou Moulay Youssef 
Published: November 2010

AbstractWe construct local formulas of Martinelli ‐ Bochner ‐ Koppelman type on q ‐ concave generic CR ‐ manifolds. We apply these results to study the tangentiel Cauchy–Riemann equations and the Hartogs ‐ Bochner phenomenon on such manifolds.
Wiener–Hopf Factorization of Transfer Functions of Extended Pritchard–Salamon Realizations
Authors: Kaashoek M. A. , van Der Mee C. V. M. , Ran A. C. M. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractIn this paper factorization results for transfer functions of Pritchard–Salamon systems are obtained. In particular, transfer functions sufficiently close to the identity operator are shown to have a canonical Wiener–Hopf factorization. Moreover, the Bounded Real Lemma is generalized to Pritchard–Salamon systems and applied to relate left and right canonical Wiener–Hopf factorizations of their transfer functions.
An Operator Theoretical Approach to Enveloping ϕ* – and C* – Algebras of Melrose Algebras of Totally Characteristic Pseudodifferential Operators
Authors: Lauter Robert 
Published: November 2010

AbstractLet X be a compact manifold with boundary. It will be shown (Theorem 3.4) that the small Melrose algebra A≔ ϕb,cl (χ,bΩ1/2) (cf. [22], [23]) of classical, totally characteristic pseudodifferential operators carries no topology such that it is a topological algebra with an open group of invertible elements, in particular, the algebra A cannot be spectrally invariant in any C* – algebra. On the other hand, the symbolic structure of A can be extended continuously to the C* – algebra B generated by A as a subalgebra of ζ(σbL2(χ, bΩ1/2)) by a generalization of a method of Gohberg and Krupnik. Furthermore, A is densely embedded in a Fréchet algebra A ⊆ B which is a ϕ* – algebra in the sense of Gramsch [9, Definition 5.1], reflecting also smooth properties of the original algebra A.
On the Trace Formula of Perturbation Theory. II
Authors: Jonas Peter 
Published: November 2010

AbstractIn a previous paper for a class of pairs of operators in a Hilbert space with nuclear difference or under a more general nuclearity condition there was introduced a spectral shift functional. Here we consider the local integrability of this spectral shift functional, i.e., the problem when this functional can locally be represented by an integrable function. The general results are then applied to pairs of definitizable and locally definitizable unitary operators in a Krein space.
On the Reconstruction of a String from Spectral Data
Authors: Weber Matthias 
Published: November 2010

AbstractWe consider the problem to reconstruct the mass distribution of a string where the mass is concentrated in a finite number of points, or, equivalently, the problem to reconstruct a simply connected mass spring system with unknown masses and stiffness parameters if the following data are given.Problem 1: The spectra of the string and of a modification of the string, or.Problem 2: The spectra of two different modifications of the string.Here a modification of the string is a string which appears if we link the unknown string with another string of known mass distribution.The paper contains a necessary condition for the existence of a solution of Problem 1, and explicit formulas and an algorithm for the solutions of the Problems 1 and 2 under the condition that there exists a solution.For the case that the mass distribution of the unknown string is not discrete we consider the problem to find discrete approximations of this distribution from the respective spectral data.The methods are based on the spectral theory of generalized second order differential operators as developed by M. G. Krein
An Eigenvalue Dirichlet Problem with Weight and L1 Data
Authors: Bocea Marian , Redulescu Vicentiu 
Published: November 2010

AbstractWe give an existence result for a linear eigenvalue problem with weight and data in L1. Our approach is not variational and uses the notion of solution obtained by approximation. We also prove that this solution coincides with that obtained by G. Stampacchia with h duality arguments and we give a link with the renormalized solution in the sense formulated by P. –L. Lions and F. Murat.
A New Approach to the Boussinesq Hierarchy
Authors: Dickson Ronnie , Gesztesy Fritz , Unterkofler Karl 
Published: November 2010

AbstractWe develop a new systematic approach to the Boussinesq (Bsq) hierarchy based on elementary algebraic methods. In particular, we recursively construct Lax pairs for the Bsq hierarchy by introducing a fundamental polynomial formalism and establish the basic algebro ‐geometric setting including associated Burchnall ‐ Chaundy curves, Baker ‐ Akhiezer functions, trace formulas, and Dubrovin ‐ type equations for Dirichlet and Neumann divisors.
Carathéodory ‐ Fejér Problem for Pairs of Meromorphic Functions
Authors: Alpay D. , Bolotnikov V. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractWe continue our study of families of pairs of matrix‐valued meromorphic functions P(ρ,P) depending on two parameters p and P introduced in [2]. These include as special cases the projective Schur, Nevanlinna and Carathéodory classes. A two sided Carathéodory Fejér interpolation problem is defined and solved in P(ρ,P), using the fundamental matrix inequality method. A corresponding Schur algorithm is studied. Finally we also consider the case of functions (as opposed to pairs).
On Generalized Carathéodory's Conditions in Ordinary Differential Equations
Authors: Bugajewski Dariusz , Wójtowicz Daria 
Published: November 2010

AbstractIn this paper we prove that generalized Carathéodory's conditions (so called (G) conditions) imply well ‐ known general conditions which guarantee existence and some properties of solutions of the Cauchy problem, in the Carathéodory sense, as e.g. continuous dependence on initial conditions.
BMO Functions on Compact Sets
Authors: Korey Michael , Tarkhanov Nikolai 
Published: November 2010

AbstractLet P be an elliptic differential operator of order p with real analytic coefficients on in open set Q ⊂ ℝn. Given a compact set K ⊂ Ω, we describe the closure in BMO(K) of the space of mentions of Pf = 0 on neighborhoods of K.