bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Epigenetic targets of bioactive dietary components for cancer prevention and therapy
Authors: Meeran Syed M. , Ahmed Amiya , Tollefsbol Trygve O. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThe emergent interest in cancer epigenetics stems from the fact that epigenetic modifications are implicated in virtually every step of tumorigenesis. More interestingly, epigenetic changes are reversible heritable changes that are not due to the alteration in DNA sequence but have potential to alter gene expression. Dietary agents consist of many bioactive ingredients which actively regulate various molecular targets involved in tumorigenesis. We present evidence that numerous bioactive dietary components can interfere with various epigenetic targets in cancer prevention and therapy. These agents include curcumin (turmeric), genistein (soybean), tea polyphenols (green tea), resveratrol (grapes), and sulforaphane (cruciferous vegetables). These bioactive components alter the DNA methylation and histone modifications required for gene activation or silencing in cancer prevention and therapy. Bioactive components mediate epigenetic modifications associated with the induction of tumor suppressor genes such asp21WAF1/CIP1and inhibition of tumor promoting genes such as the human telomerase reverse transcriptase during tumorigenesis processes. Here, we present considerable evidence that bioactive components and their epigenetic targets are associated with cancer prevention and therapy which should facilitate novel drug discovery and development. In addition, remarkable advances in our understanding of basic epigenetic mechanisms as well as the rapid progress that is being made in developing powerful new technologies, such as those for sensitive and quantitative detection of epigenetic and epigenomic changes in cancer biology, hold great promise for novel epigenetic approaches to cancer prevention and therapy.
Positive and negative romantic relationship quality: Age, familiarity, attachment and well‐being as correlates of couple agreement and projection
Authors: Zimmer‐Gembeck Melanie J. , Ducat Wendy 
Published: September 2010

ABSTRACTCapturing the multiple aspects of the romantic peer context is a significant challenge for research. One often recommended option is to use reports of multiple relationship features from both members of the romantic dyad. Using a new measure, we extended an existing model of dyadic perception (Kenny & Acitelli, 2001) to investigate associations between couples’ (N = 148) reports about the positive and negative dimensions of their romantic relationships. Differences by participant age and relationship length were examined to test developmental hypotheses, and attachment and well‐being were examined as correlates of participants’ romantic perceptions. Agreement between partners was low, but associations of individuals’ reports about themselves and their partners were high (projection). Agreement about negative romantic behaviors was higher in older compared to younger individuals and agreement about positive behaviors was higher in longer compared to shorter relationships. Partner similarity in negative behavior was higher than similarity in positive behavior. Individuals with better well‐being reported more positive romantic behaviors, and attachment security was associated in some cases. Males were more negative about romantic behaviors than females, but there was no gender difference in agreement or projection.
THE EFFECT OF CONSANGUINITY ON CONGENITAL DISABILITIES IN THE KUWAITI POPULATION
Authors: AL-KANDARI YAGOUB Y. , CREWS DOUGLAS E. 
Published: September 2010

SummaryConsanguinity has been shown to increase homozygosity and to reduce genetic variation in a group, which may protect against the expression of recessive genes that can lead to genetic disorders. Consanguineous marriages are practised widely in Kuwait. The major aim of this study is to delineate the association of consanguineous marriages with congenital disabilities in different Kuwaiti population subcultures. A total of 9104 married Kuwaiti females aged 15–79 years from different backgrounds were selected at ten primary health care centres from six governorates in Kuwait. Data were collected using a questionnaire and analysed with chi-squared tests. The data indicate significant differences in the occurrence of genetic diseases in consanguineous couples' offspring (4.88%) compared with those of non-consanguineous couples (4.13%) (p<0.002). The results also show significant differences in frequencies of genetic/environmental diseases in consanguineous couples' offspring (8.59%) compared with those of non-consanguineous couples (8.23%) (p<0.005). No significant differences between the two groups regarding environmental diseases were observed. A higher frequency of genetic diseases was found in first- (6.97%;p<0.001), second- (6.78%;p<0.001) and third-cousin (6.46%;p<0.022) couples' offspring compared with those of non-consanguineous couples. The frequency of congenital disabilities in the offspring of couples from consanguineous marriages (2.9%) is higher than that in the offspring of non-consanguineous marriages (2.3%). But this difference is not significant at the 0.05 level. First-cousin marriages have the highest frequency (3.5%) of congenital disabilities compared with other kinds of marriages (2.1–2.3%). Differences across groups are significant (p<0.036). Significant differences are found for first-cousin couples in both physical (2.37;p<0.042) and mental (0.74;p<0.037) disabilities compared with non-consanguineous couples. No significant differences were observed in deafness and blindness disabilities. The data show no significant differences between second- and third-cousin and non-consanguineous couples in physical, mental or deafness and blindness disabilities. There are no significant differences in the percentages of offspring with congenital disabilities in consanguineous and non-consanguineous marriages across sub-population groups for the total of four types of congenital disability.
MEN'S ATTITUDES ABOUT ABORTION IN UGANDA
Authors: MOORE ANN M. , JAGWE-WADDA GABRIEL , BANKOLE AKINRINOLA 
Published: September 2010

SummaryAbortion is illegal in Uganda except to save the life of the woman. Nevertheless, the practice is quite common: about 300,000 induced abortions occur annually among Ugandan women aged 15–49 (Singh et al., 2005) and a large proportion of these women require treatment for post-abortion complications. In the male-dominant culture of Uganda, where men control most of the financial resources, men play a critical part in determining whether women receive a safe abortion, or appropriate treatment if they experience abortion complications. This study examines men's roles in determining women's access to a safer abortion and post-abortion care. It draws on in-depth interviews carried out in 2003 with 61 women aged 18–60 and 21 men aged 20–50 from Kampala and Mbarara, Uganda. Respondents' descriptions of men's involvement in women's abortion care agreed that men's stated attitudes about abortion often prevented women from involving them in either the abortion or post-abortion care. Most men believe that if a woman is having an abortion, it must be because she is pregnant with another man's child, although this does not correspond with women's reasons for having an abortion – a critical disjuncture revealed by the data between men's perceptions of, and women's realities regarding, reasons for seeking an abortion. If the woman does experience post-abortion complications, the prevailing attitude among men in the sample was that they cannot support a woman in such a situation seeking care because if it had been his child, she would not have had a covert abortion. Since money is critical to accessing appropriate care, without men's support, women seeking an abortion may not be able to access safer abortion options and if they experience complications, they may delay care-seeking or may not obtain care at all. Barriers to involving men in abortion decision-making endanger women's health and possibly their lives.
Arbitrage Risk and Stock Mispricing
Authors: Doukas John A. , Kim Chansog (Francis) , Pantzalis Christos 
Published: September 2010

AbstractIn this paper we examine the relation between equity mispricing and arbitrage risk and find that stocks with high arbitrage risk have higher estimated mispricing than stocks with low arbitrage risk. These results are not limited to high book-to-market or small capitalization stocks, and they are not sensitive to transaction and short-selling costs. In addition, they remain robust to alternative multifactor return generating specification models and mispricing measures. Overall, our empirical results are consistent with the conjecture that mispricing is a manifestation of the inability of arbitrageurs to hedge idiosyncratic risk, a major deterrent to arbitrage activity.
Agency Costs of Free Cash Flow and the Effect of Shareholder Rights on the Implied Cost of Equity Capital
Authors: Chen Kevin C. W. , Chen Zhihong , Wei K. C. John 
Published: September 2010

AbstractIn this paper, we examine the effect of shareholder rights on reducing the cost of equity and the impact of agency problems from free cash flow (FCF) on this effect. We find that firms with strong shareholder rights have a significantly lower implied cost of equity after controlling for risk factors, price momentum, analysts’ forecast biases, and industry and year effects than do firms with weak shareholder rights. Further analysis shows that the effect of shareholder rights on reducing the cost of equity is significantly stronger for firms with more severe agency problems from FCFs.
The impact of informal care-giving networks on adult children's care-giver burden
Authors: TOLKACHEVA NATALIA , VAN GROENOU MARJOLEIN BROESE , DE BOER ALICE , VAN TILBURG THEO 
Published: September 2010

ABSTRACTPrevious research on the care-giver burden experienced by adult children has typically focused on the adult child and parent dyad. This study uses information on multiple informal care-givers and examines how characteristics of the informal care-giving network affect the adult child's care-giver burden. In 2007, 602 Dutch care-givers who were assisting their older parents reported on parental and personal characteristics, care activities, experienced burden and characteristics of other informal care-givers. A path model was applied to assess the relative impact of the informal care-giving network characteristics on the care-giver burden. An adult child experienced lower care-giver burden when the informal care-giving network size was larger, when more types of tasks were shared across the network, when care was shared for a longer period, and when the adult child had no disagreements with the other members of the network. Considering that the need for care of older parents is growing, being in an informal care-giving network will be of increasing benefit for adult children involved in long-term care. More care-givers will turn into managers of care, as they increasingly have to organise the sharing of care among informal helpers and cope with disagreements among the members of the network.
The Allied Struggle over Cultural Restitution, 1942–1947
Authors: Kurtz Michael J. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThis article discusses the Allied diplomatic and political impasse over restitution during and after World War II. The focus is on cultural restitution—the return of art, archives, and libraries looted by the Nazis. Serious Allied disagreements on general postwar policy for Germany inhibited the development of a coherent approach to the restitution of cultural property. Cultural restitution became lost in the maze of other greater political, economic, and ideological conflicts. Ultimately, the impasse was also fueled by the very complex issues involving cultural restitution itself. Issues including the scope of the entire effort, restitution in kind, returning property to refugees, and the fate of heirless Jewish property were intractable. The problems with cultural restitution reflected the clash of interests and ideologies. As a result, the four occupying powers had distinct approaches with radically differing results.
Stalin's Decrees and Soviet Trophy Brigades: Compensation, Restitution in Kind, or “Trophies” of War?
Authors: Akinsha Konstantin 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThe article is dedicated to the official decrees issued by Joseph Stalin in 1945 ordering the Soviet removal of cultural property from Eastern European and German territories occupied by the Red Army. As opposed to popular belief dominant today in Russia, such decrees were few. Preparation for the removal of cultural property from enemy countries had started before the fate of the war was decided. In 1943 on the request of academician Igor Grabar, the Bureau of Experts was established with the task of composing lists of so-called “eventual equivalents,” which Soviet officials wanted to receive after the war as “restitution in kind,” to compensate for the cultural losses of the USSR. The listed equivalents included art works from museums and private collections in the Axis countries. However, the projected provisions for “restitution in kind” were never approved by the Allies, in large part because during the last months of the war and immediately thereafter, the Soviet Union had already begun massive removal of cultural property from territories occupied by the Red Army. Different trophy brigades sent to the front lines were authorized or ordered to send back home whole collections of German museums and libraries. Only rarely were any of the ‘trophies’ labeled “compensation.”
The Case Against Statutes of Limitations for Stolen Art
Authors: Bibas Stephanos 
Published: September 2010

SummaryWhen a thief steals a work of art and resells it to a bona fide purchaser, most commentators favor protecting the buyer's title against a claim by the original owner. American law on this issue has been in flux, and today most American States resolve these disputes by balancing the buyer's blameworthiness against the owner's delay and fault. Such ad hoc statutes of limitations are misguided because they encourage art theft, reward morally culpable buyers, and leave the law unclear and unpredictable. Instead, the law should award title automatically to theft victims who immediately report their losses to the police and an international computerized database of art thefts. Doing so would create clear incentives for owners to report thefts and for buyers and art merchants to check the database, thus drying up the market for stolen art.
Equity in health care: the Irish perspective
Authors: Smith Samantha , Normand Charles 
Published: September 2010

AbstractEquity is espoused in many national health policy statements but is a complex concept and is difficult to define. The way in which equity is defined in policy has implications for how the health-care system should be structured. Conflicts between different definitions of equity are identified in theory and policy. This paper discusses these issues, with specific focus on the equity principles underpinning the Irish health-care system. The complex mix of public and private funding in the Irish system brings the challenges in identifying (and achieving) equity objectives more sharply into view, and serves as a warning system for other countries.
Epitaxially stabilized TiN/(Ti,Fe,Co)N multilayer thin films in (pseudo-)fcc crystal structure by sequential magnetron sputter deposition
Authors: Klever C , Seemann K , Stüber M , Ulrich S , Brunken H , Ludwig A , Leiste H 
Published: September 2010

Multilayer thin films were grown by non-reactive sequential magnetron sputter deposition from ceramic TiN and metallic FeCo targets addressing a combination of wear resistance and sensoric functionality. Coatings with bilayer period values ranging from 449 nm down to 2.6 nm were grown with the total amount of either material maintained constant. The multilayer thin films were post-annealed ex situ at 600 °C for 60 min in vacuum.
X-ray diffraction results imply the multilayer thin films undergo significant changes in their crystalline structure when the bilayer period is decreased. Using high-resolution transmission electron microscopy as well as selected-area electron diffraction it is shown that in the case of multilayer thin films with bilayer periods of several tens of nanometres and higher, FeCo layers and TiN layers in their respective common CsCl- and NaCl-type crystal structures alternate. In contrast, in the multilayer thin films with bilayer periods of only a few nanometres, grain growth across the interfaces between the individual layers takes place and a strongly textured microstructure is formed which features columns in (pseudo-)fcc crystal structure grown in heteroepitaxial growth mode.
It is suggested that the experimental findings imply the latter multilayer thin films to be alternately composed of TiN layers and (Ti,Fe,Co)N solid solution layers which have been formed by a solid-state reaction during the deposition process. As a consequence, heteroepitaxially stabilized columnar grains in strongly textured (pseudo-)fcc crystal structure are formed. This crystal structure is preserved after the annealing procedure which qualifies these coatings for use in applications where temperatures of up to 600 °C are reached.
Evidence mining and novelty assessment of protein–protein interactions with the ConsensusPathDB plugin for Cytoscape
Authors: Pentchev Konstantin , Ono Keiichiro , Herwig Ralf , Ideker Trey , Kamburov Atanas 
Published: September 2010

Abstract
Summary: Protein–protein interaction detection methods are applied on a daily basis by molecular biologists worldwide. After generating a set of potential interactions, biologists face the problem of highlighting the ones that are novel and collecting evidence with respect to literature and annotation. This task can be as tedious as searching for every predicted interaction in several interaction data repositories, or manually screening the scientific literature. To facilitate the task of evidence mining and novelty assessment of protein–protein interactions, we have developed a Cytoscape plugin that automatically mines publication references, database references, interaction detection method descriptions and pathway annotation for a user-supplied network of interactions. The basis for the annotation is ConsensusPathDB—a meta-database that integrates numerous protein–protein, signaling, metabolic and gene regulatory interaction repositories for currently three species: Homo sapiens, Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Mus musculus.
Availability: The ConsensusPathDB plugin for Cytoscape (version 2.7.0 or later) can be installed within Cytoscape on a major operating system (Windows, Mac OS, Unix/Linux) with Sun Java 1.5 or later installed through Cytoscape's Plugin manager (category ‘Network and Attribute I/O’). The plugin is freely available for download on the ConsensusPathDB web site (http://cpdb.molgen.mpg.de).
Supplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Contact: kamburov@molgen.mpg.de
Combined prediction of Tat and Sec signal peptides with hidden Markov models
Authors: Bagos Pantelis G. , Nikolaou Elisanthi P. , Liakopoulos Theodore D. , Tsirigos Konstantinos D. 
Published: September 2010

Abstract
Motivation: Computational prediction of signal peptides is of great importance in computational biology. In addition to the general secretory pathway (Sec), Bacteria, Archaea and chloroplasts possess another major pathway that utilizes the Twin-Arginine translocase (Tat), which recognizes longer and less hydrophobic signal peptides carrying a distinctive pattern of two consecutive Arginines (RR) in the n-region. A major functional differentiation between the Sec and Tat export pathways lies in the fact that the former translocates secreted proteins unfolded through a protein-conducting channel, whereas the latter translocates completely folded proteins using an unknown mechanism. The purpose of this work is to develop a novel method for predicting and discriminating Sec from Tat signal peptides at better accuracy.
Results: We report the development of a novel method, PRED-TAT, which is capable of discriminating Sec from Tat signal peptides and predicting their cleavage sites. The method is based on Hidden Markov Models and possesses a modular architecture suitable for both Sec and Tat signal peptides. On an independent test set of experimentally verified Tat signal peptides, PRED-TAT clearly outperforms the previously proposed methods TatP and TATFIND, whereas, when evaluated as a Sec signal peptide predictor compares favorably to top-scoring predictors such as SignalP and Phobius. The method is freely available for academic users at http://www.compgen.org/tools/PRED-TAT/.
Contact: pbagos@ucg.gr
Supplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
“If You're Frail You've Had It”: A Theory of Planned Behavior Study of Student Nurses' Attitudes Towards Working with Older Patients
Authors: McKinlay Andy , Cowan Sue 
Published: September 2010

Background: The developed world's population is aging but care of older patients is unpopular in nursing.Objectives: To determine student nurses' attitudes towards working with older patients and analyze underlying factors.Method: 172 UK student nurses were surveyed using the theory of planned behavior.Results: Positive intentions were related to attitudes (p<0.01) and subjective norms (p<0.05). Three underlying factors, intolerance (p<0.01), humanism (p<0.05), and concern about aging (p<0.01) differentiated more and less positive participants.Discussion: Results are only partly consistent with previous findings. Future attitudinal research in this area must be more tightly specified to be relevant to health care and should measure actual behavior and employed nurses' views. Nursing curricula should refer to the three relevant factors.
Functioning of the wings and axillary sclerites of Heteroptera during flight
Authors: Betts C. R. 
Published: September 2010

A high degree of automation of the wingstroke in the Heteroptera has resulted in the simplification of the axillae and associated musculature. The functions of the indirect, asynchronous flight muscles are summarised from previous investigations and original work. Functions are suggested for the tonic muscles but await confirmation by electrophysiological research.The deformations seen in heteropteran wings can be explained in terms of muscularly generated and aerodynamic forces. Unsteady aerodynamic benefits of such deformations, though unproven, may be of primary importance. Torsion, camber change and transverse flexion are all candidates for the generation of unsteady effects. The ‘near clap and peel’ seen at pronation has been described in other insects by Ellington (1984a), and it seems likely that it serves the same purpose in Heteroptera.Heteroptera, like many other insects, show wing‐tip flexion. Among several possible functions, inertial stress reduction is shown to be important.