bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sensory and motor stimulation thresholds of the ulnar nerve from electric and magnetic field stimuli: Implications to gradient coil operation
Authors: Recoskie Bryan J. , Scholl Timothy J. , Zinke‐Allmang Martin , Chronik Blaine A. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractRapidly changing magnetic fields from gradient coils induce electric fields in the individual being imaged, which can potentially result in peripheral nerve stimulation (PNS). This is a safety concern in MRI. Nerves exposed to either electric fields or time‐varying magnetic fields are presumed to display equivalent stimulation threshold characteristics. This assumption has motivated the use of electric stimulation literature to be applied to gradient field safety standards. The consistency of peripheral nerve stimulation thresholds were compared by measuring chronaxie times for electric and magnetic stimulation for both motor and sensory fibers in the ulnar nerve for a group of healthy volunteers. Thresholds were determined with both electromyography and also by having the subjects report stimulation onset. Chronaxie times measured between motor and sensory fibers were statistically different. However, this difference does not account for the substantial discrepancy reported between measured electric and magnetic stimulation chronaxie times. We further establish that sensation threshold as defined perceptually by the subject volunteer is adequate as a simple and reliable measurement tool. Based on these observations, significant adjustments may need to be made to nerve parameters taken from the electric field stimulation literature prior to applying them directly to gradient induced stimulation in MRI. Magn Reson Med, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Optimization of on‐resonant magnetization transfer contrast in coronary vein MRI
Authors: Stoeck Christian T. , Hu Peng , Peters Dana C. , Kissinger Kraig V. , Goddu Beth , Goepfert Lois , Ngo Long , Manning Warren J. , Kozerke Sebastian , Nezafat Reza 
Published: October 2010

AbstractMagnetization transfer contrast has been used commonly for endogenous tissue contrast improvements in angiography, brain, body, and cardiac imaging. Both off‐resonant and on‐resonant RF pulses can be used to generate magnetization transfer based contrast. In this study, on‐resonant magnetization transfer preparation using binomial pulses were optimized and compared with off‐resonant magnetization transfer for imaging of coronary veins. Three parameters were studied with simulations and in vivo measurements: flip angle, pulse repetitions, and binomial pulse order. Subsequently, first or second order binomial on‐resonant magnetization transfer pulses with eight repetitions of 720° and 240° flip angle were used for coronary vein MRI. Flip angles of 720° yielded contrast enhancement of 115% (P < 0.0006) for first order on‐resonant and 95% (P < 0.0006) for off‐resonant magnetization transfer. There was no statistically significance difference between off‐resonant and on‐resonant first order binomial Magnetization transfer at 720°. However, for off‐resonance pulses, much more preparation time is needed when compared with the binomials but with considerably reduced specific absorption rate. Magn Reson Med, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Multiplanar reconstruction recovers morphological cartilage assessment reproducibility from maloriented coronal MRI scans
Authors: Inglis Dean , Wong Andy Kin On , Eckstein Felix , Adachi Jonathan D. , Beattie Karen A. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractThe study's purpose was to assess the effect of multiplanar reconstruction on precision of weight‐bearing medial and lateral femoral cartilage (cMF, cLF) morphometry in maloriented coronal MR images. Twenty knees were scanned four times with a 1.0 Tesla extremity imager using a fat‐suppressed T1‐weighted three‐dimensional spoiled gradient recalled echo sequence; twice with “best as” double bull's‐eye orientation of the femoral condyles, and once each with 5° internal and external rotation. Multiplanar reconstruction was applied to maloriented scans to recover double bull's‐eye orientation. Medial and lateral femoral cartilages were segmented and precision of bone area, cartilage volume and thickness (ThCtAB) evaluated for all scans. Test‐retest precision (RMSCV%) of the double bull's‐eye scans was 1.1% for total bone area and 4.1% for cartilage volume. Differences in precision between double bull's‐eye and maloriented images were assessed. Higher precision errors were observed in malorientated images for all outcomes (1.7–4.8% for internally rotation scans; 1.7–4.8% for external rotation scans). Precision generally improved with multiplanar reconstruction correction (1.7–5.6% for internally rotated scans; 1.2–3.5% for external rotation scans). Precision of femoral cartilage morphometry is generally reduced when maloriented images are acquired. Multiplanar reconstruction can correct malorientated scans and recover precision losses. Measurements are affected in a rotationally and compartmentally dependent manner. Magn Reson Med, 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Secondary use of electronic health record data: spontaneous triggered adverse drug event reporting
Authors: Linder Jeffrey A. , Haas Jennifer S. , Iyer Aarthi , Labuzetta Michael A. , Ibara Michael , Celeste Michael , Getty George , Bates David W. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractPurposePhysicians in the United States report fewer than 1% of adverse drug events (ADEs) to the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), but frequently document ADEs within electronic health records (EHRs). We developed and implemented a generalizable, scalable EHR‐based system to automatically send electronic ADE reports to the FDA in real‐time.MethodsProof‐of‐concept study involving 26 clinicians given access to EHR‐based ADE reporting functionality from December 2008 to May 2009.MeasurementsNumber and content of ADE reports; severity of adverse reactions (clinician and computer algorithm defined); clinician survey.ResultsDuring the study period, 26 clinicians submitted 217 reports to the FDA. The clinicians defined 23% of the ADEs as serious and a computer algorithm defined 4% of the ADEs as serious. The most common drug classes were cardiovascular drugs (40%), central nervous system drugs (19%), analgesics (13%), and endocrine drugs (7%). The reports contained information, pre‐filled from the EHR, about comorbid conditions (207 reports [95%] listed 1899 comorbid conditions), concurrent medications (193 reports [89%] listed 1687 concurrent medications), weight (209 reports [96%]), and laboratory data (215 reports [99%]). It took clinicians a mean of 53 seconds to complete and send the form. In the clinician survey, 21 of 23 respondents (91%) said they had submitted zero ADE reports to the FDA in the prior 12 months.ConclusionsEHR‐based, triggered ADE reporting is efficient and acceptable to clinicians, provides detailed clinical information, and has the potential to greatly increase the number and quality of spontaneous reports submitted to the FDA. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A new feature commonly observed from air and ground for outdoor localization with elevation map built by aerial mapping system
Authors: Kwon Tae‐Bum , Song Jae‐Bok 
Published: October 2010

AbstractMonte Carlo localization (MCL) uses a reference map to estimate a pose of a ground robot in outdoor environments. However, MCL shows low performance when it uses an elevation map built by an aerial mapping system because three‐dimensional (3D) environments are observed differently from the air and the ground and such an elevation map cannot represent outdoor environments in detail. Although other types of maps have been proposed to improve localization performance, an elevation map is still used as the main reference map in some applications. Therefore, we propose a new feature to improve localization performance with an elevation map. This feature is extracted from 3D range data and represents the part of an object that can be commonly observed from both the air and the ground. Therefore, this feature is likely to be accurately matched with an elevation map, and the average error of this feature is much smaller than that of unclassified sensing data. Experimental results in real environments show that the success rate of global localization increased and the error of local tracking decreased. Thus, the proposed feature can be very useful for localization of an outdoor ground robot when an elevation map is used as a reference map. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Argument‐Driven Inquiry as a way to help students learn how to participate in scientific argumentation and craft written arguments: An exploratory study
Authors: Sampson Victor , Grooms Jonathon , Walker Joi Phelps 
Published: October 2010

AbstractThis exploratory study examines how a series of laboratory activities designed using a new instructional model, called Argument‐Driven Inquiry (ADI), influences the ways students participate in scientific argumentation and the quality of the scientific arguments they craft as part of this process. The two outcomes of interest were assessed with a performance task that required small groups of students to explain a discrepant event and then generate a scientific argument. Student performance on this task was compared before and after an 18‐week intervention that included 15 ADI laboratory activities. The results of this study suggest that the students had better disciplinary engagement and produced better arguments after the intervention although some learning issues arose that seemed to hinder the students' overall improvement. The conclusions and implications of this research include several recommendations for improving the nature of laboratory‐based instruction to help cultivate the knowledge and skills students need to participate in scientific argumentation and to craft written arguments. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Sci Ed 95: 217–257, 2011
Associations between IQ and common mental disorders: The 2000 British National Survey of Psychiatric Morbidity
Authors: Rajput S. , Hassiotis A. , Richards M. , Hatch S.L. , Stewart R. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractBackgroundAssociations have been described between lower IQ and serious mental illness. Associations between common mental disorders (CMDs) and IQ have received little research. The objective of this study was to investigate the association between verbal IQ and CMD symptoms and diagnoses, and to investigate the role of potential mediating and confounding factors.MethodData were analysed from a British national survey with an analysed sample of 8054 people aged 16–74 years. Associations between verbal IQ (NART) and mental symptoms/disorders (CIS-R) were analysed with covariates including education, social class, income, debt, problem drinking, life events, physical health and relationship quality.ResultsCMD was associated with lower IQ. This association was stronger for depressive disorder/symptoms than for generalised anxiety disorder/symptoms. The most important covariates were education, social class, income and relationship quality.ConclusionsThe association between lower IQ and CMD is partly accounted for by adverse social/socioeconomic conditions. Stronger associations for depression than anxiety may indicate an effect of IQ on the way mental distress is communicated.
Subjective cognitive impairment: Functional MRI during a divided attention task
Authors: Rodda J. , Dannhauser T. , Cutinha D.J. , Shergill S.S. , Walker Z. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractBackgroundIndividuals with subjective cognitive impairment (SCI) have persistent memory complaints but normal neurocognitive performance. For some, this may represent a pre-mild cognitive impairment (MCI) stage of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Given that attentional deficits and associated brain activation changes are present early in the course of AD, we aimed to determine whether SCI is associated with brain activation changes during attentional processing.MethodsEleven SCI subjects and 10 controls completed a divided attention task during functional magnetic resonance imaging.ResultsSCI and control groups did not differ in sociodemographic, neurocognitive or behavioural measures. When group activation during the divided attention task was compared, the SCI group demonstrated increased activation in left medial temporal lobe, bilateral thalamus, posterior cingulate and caudate.ConclusionThis pattern of increased activation is similar to the pattern of decreased activation reported during divided attention in AD and may indicate compensatory changes. These findings suggest the presence of early functional changes in SCI; longitudinal studies will help to further elucidate the relationship between SCI and AD.
Hippocampal volume in borderline personality disorder with and without comorbid posttraumatic stress disorder: A meta-analysis
Authors: Rodrigues E. , Wenzel A. , Ribeiro M.P. , Quarantini L.C. , Miranda-Scippa A. , de Sena E.P. , de Oliveira I.R. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractBackgroundSeveral studies have found a reduction in hippocampal volume in borderline personality disorder (BPD) patients.MethodsIn order to investigate the degree to which comorbid posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) could account for reduction in hippocampal volume in these patients, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies that compared hippocampal volume in BPD patients with and without PTSD relative to healthy controls.ResultsSeven articles, involving 124 patients and 147 controls, were included. We found a statistically significant reduction for the left and right hippocampus. Data from the four studies that discriminated BPD patients with and without PTSD indicate that hippocampal volumes were reduced bilaterally in BPD patients with PTSD, relative to healthy controls, but that results were mixed for BPD patients without PTSD, relative to healthy controls.ConclusionsResults from this meta-analysis suggest that hippocampal volumes are reduced in patients with BPD, relative to healthy controls, but particularly in cases in which patients are diagnosed with comorbid PTSD.
Temperament profiles, major depression, and response to treatment with SSRIs in psychiatric outpatients
Authors: Kampman O. , Poutanen O. , Illi A. , Setälä-Soikkeli E. , Viikki M. , Nuolivirta T. , Leinonen E. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractObjectiveThe Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI) is commonly used in adult populations. Our aim was to explore: (1) if there are specific differences in temperament dimensions related to depression in comparison with general population, (2) if the treatment response during the acute phase of major depressive disorder (MDD) is predictable by TCI temperament dimensions.MethodTemperament profiles in 98 MDD patients were compared with a Finnish community sample. The patients were treated with serotonin selective reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) for 6weeks and their temperament profiles were assessed at baseline and endpoint. The harm avoidance (HA) and depression scores at baseline and endpoint were modelled with path analysis. For path modelling, we tested the relationships between different temperament dimensions and depression symptoms and other clinical variables with Mancova model.ResultsThe HA scores were significantly higher in patients both at baseline and endpoint compared to the Northern Finland 1966 Birth Cohort (NFBC). The patients, and especially males, had slightly higher reward dependency (RD) scores. HA at endpoint explained moderately the Montgomery Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) endpoint score. HA endpoint score was strongly explained by HA baseline score.ConclusionsHA is associated with risk of and treatment response to depression.
A controlled follow-up study of adolescents exposed to a school shooting – Psychological consequences after four months
Authors: Suomalainen L. , Haravuori H. , Berg N. , Kiviruusu O. , Marttunen M. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractBackgroundIn November 2007, a student shot eight people and himself at Jokela High School, Finland. This study aims to evaluate the long-term effects of exposure to a school shooting among adolescents.MethodAssociations between psychological outcomes and background factors were analysed and compared with “comparison students” four months after the incident. A questionnaire including Impact of Event Scale (IES) and General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-36) was used.ResultsHalf of the females and a third of the males suffered from posttraumatic distress. High level of posttraumatic distress (IES ≥ 35), predicting PTSD, was observed in 27% of the females and 7% of the males. The odds ratio was 6.4 (95% confidence interval 3.5–10.5) for having high levels of posttraumatic distress. Severe or extreme exposure and female gender were found to increase the risk. Forty-two percent of the females and 16% of the males had psychiatric disturbance (GHQ ≥ 9). Severe or extreme exposure, older age and female gender increased the risk. Perceived support from family and friends was found to be protective.ConclusionsThe observed risk and protective factors were similar to earlier studies. Follow-up will be essential in identifying factors predicting persisting trauma-related symptoms in adolescence.
Our possessions, our selves: Domains of self‐worth and the possession–self link
Authors: Ferraro Rosellina , Escalas Jennifer Edson , Bettman James R. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractThe extent to which a possession is linked to self is a critical determinant of whether a possession elicits grief if lost. We propose a framework for understanding the formation of the possession–self link, arguing that a possession's ability to represent the important domains on which a person bases her self‐worth affects the possession–self link. We also show that dispositional tendencies to incorporate possessions into the self moderate this relationship, while the monetary value of the possession does not affect the strength of the possession–self link.
Reverse phase protein microarrays advance to use in clinical trials
Authors: Mueller Claudius , Liotta Lance A. , Espina Virginia 
Published: October 2010

AbstractIndividualizing cancer therapy for molecular targeted inhibitors requires a new class of molecular profiling technology that can map the functional state of the cancer cell signal pathways containing the drug targets. Reverse phase protein microarrays (RPMA) are a technology platform designed for quantitative, multiplexed analysis of specific phosphorylated, cleaved, or total (phosphorylated and non‐phosphorylated) forms of cellular proteins from a limited amount of sample. This class of microarray can be used to interrogate tissue samples, cells, serum, or body fluids. RPMA were previously a research tool; now this technology has graduated to use in research clinical trials with clinical grade sensitivity and precision. In this review we describe the application of RPMA for multiplexed signal pathway analysis in therapeutic monitoring, biomarker discovery, and evaluation of pharmaceutical targets, and conclude with a summary of the technical aspects of RPMA construction and analysis.
Tissue proteomics of the human mammary gland: Towards an abridged definition of the molecular phenotypes underlying epithelial normalcy
Authors: Moreira José M.A. , Cabezón Teresa , Gromova Irina , Gromov Pavel , Timmermans-Wielenga Vera , Machado Isidro , Llombart-Bosch Antonio , Kroman Niels , Rank Fritz , Celis Julio E. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractOur limited understanding of the biological impact of the whole spectrum of early breast lesions together with a lack of accurate molecular‐based risk criteria for the diagnosis and assignment of prognostic significance to biopsy findings presents an important problem in the clinical management of patients harboring precancerous breast lesions. As a result, there is a need to identify biomarkers that can better determine the outcome of early breast lesions by identifying subpopulations of cells in breast premalignant disease that are at high‐risk of progression to invasive disease. A first step towards achieving this goal will be to define the molecular phenotypes of the various cell types and precursors – generated by the stem cell hierarchy – that are present in normal and benign conditions of the breast. To date there have been very few systematic proteomic studies aimed at characterizing the phenotypes of the different cell subpopulations present in normal human mammary tissue, partly due to the formidable heterogeneity of mammary tissue, but also due to limitations of the current proteomic technologies. Work in our laboratories has attempted to address in a systematic fashion some of these limitations and here we present our efforts to search for biomarkers using normal fresh tissue from non‐neoplastic breast samples. From the data generated by the 2D gel‐based proteomic profiling we were able to compile a protein database of normal human breast epithelial tissue that was used to support the biomarker discovery program. We review and present new data on the putative cell‐progenitor marker cytokeratin 15 (CK15), and describe a novel marker, dihydropyriminidase‐related protein 3 (DRP3) that in combination with CK15 and other well known proteins were used to define molecular phenotypes of normal human breast epithelial cells and their progenitors in resting acini, lactating alveoli, and large collecting ducts of the nipple. Preliminary results are also presented concerning DRP3 positive usual ductal hyperplasias (UDHs) and on single cell layer columnar cells (CCCs). At least two bona fide biomarkers of undifferentiated ERα/PgR negative luminal cells emerged from these studies, CK15 and c‐KIT, which in combination with transformation markers may lead to the establishment of a protein signature able to identify breast precancerous at risk of progressing to invasive disease.
The missing link: Gender, immigration policy and the Live-in Caregiver Program in Canada
Authors: Brickner Rachel K , Straehle Christine 
Published: October 2010

AbstractTemporary labour migration is on the rise in the developed world. In May 2009, Canada's Parliamentary Standing Committee on Citizenship and Immigration issued a report on the state of temporary and undocumented foreign workers in Canada, making a series of recommendations to ensure that labour needs can be met through temporary foreign workers and that those workers are able to successfully integrate into Canadian society. The report highlights one Canadian immigration program, the Live-in Caregivers Program, which offers migrant workers the opportunity to apply for permanent residency after working 24 months as a live-in child or elder care provider. The authors argue that the report errs in holding up the Live-in Caregivers Program as a model for other temporary foreign worker programs. Although the path to permanent residency is an important provision of the Live-in Caregivers Program, a gendered analysis of the program shows that the women who come to Canada as caregivers continue to face vulnerability and exploitation because of key structures of the program, most importantly the live-in requirement. Until policy reform accounts for the results of such a gendered analysis, the Live-in Caregivers Program does not ensure that caregivers will be able to integrate successfully into Canadian society.