bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modellbasiertes User Interface Design und HCI Patterns: Eine Symbiose
Authors: Petrasch Roland 
Published: September 2010

Zusammenfassung
Der modellbasierte Entwicklungsansatz trennt die fachliche Essenz (Anwendersicht) von den technischen Details (Entwicklersicht) und lässt sich bei interaktiven Systemen vorteilhaft nutzen. Allerdings sind beim Thema modellbasierte Entwicklung von Benutzeroberflächen noch viele Fragen offen, von denen einige hier beleuchtet werden. Vieles spricht dafür, dass erst in Verbindung mit HCIPatterns eine intensivere Nutzung der modellbasierten Software-Entwicklung im HCI-Bereich stattfindet – quasi im besten Sinne eines symbiotischen Effektes.
Usability in einer Agentur
Authors: Fernandez Christian , Kleine Dennis 
Published: September 2010

Zusammenfassung
Usability in einer Internetagentur kann nicht mit Usability in der Wissenschaft verglichen werden. In der Praxis steht nicht nur die Wirtschaftlichkeit des Entwicklungsprozesses, sondern auch die Wirtschaftlichkeit der späteren Internetanwendung im Vordergrund. Es fehlen häufig die Zeit und/oder das Budget für umfangreiche Tests. Der folgende Blick hinter die Kulissen einer Internetagentur zeigt den Umgang mit dieser Problematik.
Wahre Männer müssen raufen: Das Gestalten von technologievermittelten Verbundenheitserlebnissen
Authors: Laschke Matthias , Hassenzahl Marc , Mehnert Kurt 
Published: September 2010

Zusammenfassung
Wenn zwei Jungen sich raufen, bedeutet das nicht gleich, dass sie Streit haben oder sich nicht mögen. Häufig bedeutet es sogar genau das Gegenteil – ”sich kabbeln“ wird dann zum Ausdruck von Verbundenheit und Nähe. Die vorliegende Arbeit präsentiert ein Konzept zur technologischen Vermittlung des ”Kabbelns“ bei Jungen im Alter von 10 bis 14. Am Beispiel dieser Fallstudie wird ein erlebnisorientierter Ansatz zur Gestaltung von Kommunikationstechnologien vorgestellt, bei dem zugrunde liegende menschlichen Bedürfnisse, entsprechende Gefühle und bedeutungsvolle Erlebnisse und nicht ”Aufgaben“ oder Technologie im Fokus stehen.
From Counterexamples to Incremental Interactive Tracing of Errors
Authors: Weitl Franz , Nakajima Shin , Freitag Burkhard 
Published: September 2010

Abstract
This article summarizes the goals and the first results of the project CITE — from Counterexamples to Interactive Incremental Tracing of Errors — at the National Institute of Informatics (NII) in Tokyo, Japan. CITE aims at developing the fundamental methods for generating both comprehensive and comprehensible error reports based on model checking results. Model checking is a powerful and efficient method for finding flaws in hardware designs, object-oriented software, business processes, and hypermedia applications. One remaining major obstacle to a broader application of model checking is its limited usability for non-experts. It requires much effort and insight to determine the root cause of errors from counterexamples generated by model checkers in the case of a specification violation. The CITE project addresses this problem by proposing tree structured error reports that can be refined successively to the desired level of detail according to the user´s interest. First evaluations demonstrate that the proposed approach reveals more errors and explains the cause of errors more accurately than the counterexamples of existing model checkers.
Decision Support for Sludge Disposal Strategy Development to Resolve Urban and Regional Water Resources Management Conflicts
Authors: Tamás J. , Fehér J. 
Published: September 2010

In the 1990s water quality protection was underdeveloped in Central and Eastern Europe (CEE) compared to EU 15 countries in most indicators. After the CEE countries joined the EU, all of them started to invest significant amounts to implement the requirements of EU water policies in the field of waste water collection and treatment, where efficient use of resources was function of several factors. In Hungary, a new National Sewerage and Waste Water Treatment Strategy was elaborated, which predicted that during the subsequent decade, the amount of sludge produced at waste water treatment plants would increase significantly. Environmental impacts and economical deposition of the increased amount of sludge have not been investigated in the Strategy.
The paper presents an investigation, which was carried out with the application of a newly developed GIS based decision support methodology to identify suitable agricultural areas for deposition of the predicted increased amount of sludge taking into consideration multi-criteria hydrological, environmental, technical, economic and societal conditions that are all important in regional water resources management. The investigation included the entire territory of Hungary. It was concluded that only 25% of the agglomerations indentified in the Strategy has actually enough agricultural land for sludge utilization or other word: placement. This fact influences the investment and upgrading programmes of the waste water treatment plants in the future.
Maternal calcium supplementation during pregnancy and dental caries of children at 12 years of age: follow‐up of a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Bergel Eduardo , Gibbons Luz , Rasines María G. , Luetich Alejandra , Belizán José M. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractObjectives. To evaluate if calcium supplementation during pregnancy could have any influence on primary dentition measured as the reduction of dental caries of the child. Design. Individual randomized controlled trial. Setting. One hospital in Rosario, Argentina. Population. Random sample of 195 12‐year‐old children from a follow‐up study of 614 women who were randomized during pregnancy to calcium supplementation or placebo. Methods. An independent researcher blinded to the group where the mothers were assigned performed a dental examination of the children. Main outcome measures. Proportion of children with at least one decayed, missing or filled teeth (DMFT/dmft) and mean number of decayed, missing or filled surfaces (DMFS/dmfs) per children. Results. Ninety‐eight children were assessed in the calcium supplementation group and 97 in the placebo group. 63.3% of the children whose mother took calcium supplementation had at least one DMFT/dmft compared to 86.6% in the placebo group (<0.001). The children whose mother received the intervention had a 27% reduction in the risk of developing at least one DMFT/dmft (RR: 0.73, CI 95%: [0.62; 0.87]). Conclusions. This study shows a modeling effect of calcium intake during pregnancy on dental caries of the offspring. At around 12 years of age children whose mothers received calcium supplementation when pregnant showed a significant reduction in dental caries.
Skelettdiagnostik mittels 18F-Natriumfluorid-PET und -PET/CT
Authors: Krause B.-J. , Schirrmeister H. , Freesmeyer M. , Hellwig D. 
Published: September 2010

SummaryIn nuclear medicine, bone scanning is based on the principle of scintigraphy using boneseeking radiopharmaceuticals which accumulate in sites of increased bone formation. From a historical point of view, 18F-fluoride was one of the first osteotropic tracers which was replaced by 99mTc-labelled polyphosphonates. With the development of modern PET equipment the superior diagnostic performance of 18F-fluoride PET for the detection and characterization of osseous lesions was proven in comparison to conventional bone scanning. Recently, its importance as a substitute of conventional skeletal scintigraphy increased in a time with limited availability of 99Mo/ 99mTc. To ensure health care during this period, 18F-fluoride PET currently became part of common outpatient care.This guideline comprehends recommendations on indications, protocols, interpretation and reporting of 18F-fluoride PET and PET/CT.
Écoles de réfugiés ou intégration dans les écoles locales ?
Authors: Chelpi-den Hamer Magali 
Published: September 2010

L’offre éducative internationale pour les réfugiés tend à être standardisée et à prendre une forme unique. Or il est fréquent d’observer plusieurs types de trajectoires scolaires parmi les élèves réfugiés, certains pouvant commencer dans un système éducatif et finir dans un autre. D’autres formes d’offre éducatives existent aussi, en parallèle de l’offre internationale, et sont essentiellement promues par des acteurs locaux, même si elles sont rarement mises en avant. À partir de l’exemple des Libériens réfugiés en Côte d’Ivoire, cet article analyse les modalités d’un type d’offre éducative internationale soutenu par le Haut-commissariat des Nations-Unies pour les Réfugiés (HCR). Il montre d’abord l’émergence de véritables dispositifs éducatifs parallèles, puis, quand il a été question de promouvoir l’intégration des élèves réfugiés dans les écoles ivoiriennes, les enjeux implicites en termes d’équivalence et de certification des acquis scolaires. Il montre aussi certains effets inattendus, tant sur les trajectoires scolaires des élèves que sur le pays hôte, notamment avec le phénomène de multiplication d’« écoles clandestines », qui s’évertuent à continuer à transmettre une certaine culture libérienne. L’auteur inscrit sa réflexion dans le temps long et analyse l’évolution de cette offre entre 1992 et 2007.
L'éducation en crise au Sud du Congo-Brazzaville : quel réinvestissement de l'État ?
Authors: Joncheray Mathilde , Dorier Elisabeth 
Published: September 2010

Au Congo-Brazzaville, les populations du Sud du pays, et plus particulièrement celles des pays du Niari, ont été très affectées par les guerres successives des années 1990 et le désengagement de l’État dans ces zones. Le système éducatif n’a pas été épargné. Alors que l’État cherche depuis peu à établir une nouvelle « union nationale » dans les régions du Sud-ouest du Congo, ses intentions ne sont pas dénuées de stratégies politiques, même si cela permet un certain regain d’attention pour cette région. Mais les manques à combler restent grands : à l’hyper visibilité de quelques réalisations de prestige s’oppose le délabrement du système éducatif en zones rurales et dans les petites villes. Cet article fait ressortir les logiques territorialisées de l’État et des organisations internationales, qui, sans le vouloir pour ces dernières, marginalisent les anciens foyers d’opposition et contribuent à renforcer les disparités régionales et sociales, comme les mobilités scolaires des élèves et des enseignants.
Les enjeux de la réconciliation
Authors: Papadopoulos Mando 
Published: September 2010

L’école élémentaire de Saint-Antoine constitue une des premières expériences liées à l’ouverture de points de passage entre les deux zones de l’île de Chypre et à la volonté politique de dépasser les vieilles querelles et les idées nationalistes. Il s’agit de la première école chypriote grecque à prendre l’initiative d’accueillir des enfants turcophones, et à prôner la coexistence entre les deux communautés insulaires conduites à se rencontrer après plus de trente-cinq ans de séparation. Questionnant la mise en place d’une éducation multiculturelle et la révision des pratiques éducatives traditionnelles, cet article examine les stratégies de légitimation et les types de relations qui s’élaborent entre les différents acteurs de l’école – le personnel, les élèves et leurs parents – dans les différents temps de la vie scolaire.
Prognostic significance of the lung scintigraphy scan result and corresponding chest X-ray in patients with suspected pulmonary embolism
Authors: Al-Adhami AS , Simpson AJ , Reid JH , MacDougall M , Murchison JT 
Published: September 2010

Aim: To determine whether the survival of patients with suspected acute pulmonary embolism (PE) relates to radiological probability of acute PE assessed using lung scintigraphy scans (LSS). Methods: Lung scintigraphy scan results from a venous thromboembolism database were categorised as high, indeterminate or low probability using the modified PIOPED criteria and corresponding chest X-rays (CXRs) as normal or abnormal. Mortality data on these cases were obtained from the General Register Office for Scotland, and survival was analysed using the Kaplan-Meier method. Results: Of the 1,818 LSS analysed, 941 (51.8%) were normal, 532 (29.3%) indeterminate and 345 (19.0%) high probability. After an adjustment for age and gender, no significant survival difference was found between patients with normal and high probability LSS (p=0.182). However, patients with indeterminate LSS had significantly lower survival than patients in the other groups. This difference persisted after adjustment for CXR result. Conclusions: Indeterminate LSS results are associated with a poor prognosis. Careful follow-up of patients with inderminate LSS would appear to be justified.
Titanium Alloy Lattice Structures with Millimeter Scale Cell Sizes
Authors: Moongkhamklang Pimsiree , Wadley Haydn N. G. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractTitanium sandwich panels with cellular cores of a uniform 1–5 mm diameter open cell size are well suited for impact energy absorption and cross flow heat exchange applications. Periodic cellular structures (lattices) made from high specific strength, high temperature alloys are preferred for these multifunctional uses. A diffusion bonding method has been applied here to make cellular lattice structures from a Ti–6A1–4V alloy. To illustrate the approach, lattice structures with both square and diamond collinear topologies, a 2 mm open cell size, and a relative density of 15% were made from 254 µm diameter titanium alloy wires. These structures were found to have a compressive strength of 40 ± 5 MPa that was controlled by plastic yield followed by buckling of the struts. The cellular structures have been brazed to titanium alloy face sheets to create sandwich panel structures that appear well suited for multifunctional applications up to 420 °C.
Prototypes for Bone Implant Scaffolds Designed via Topology Optimization and Manufactured by Solid Freeform Fabrication
Authors: Challis Vivien J. , Roberts Anthony P. , Grotowski Joseph F. , Zhang Lai‐Chang , Sercombe Timothy B. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThe linking of computational design with precision solid freeform fabrication has tremendous potential for producing tissue scaffolds with tailored properties. We consider a new approach to optimizing the architecture of scaffolds based on jointly maximizing scaffold stiffness and diffusive transport in the interconnected pores. The stiffness of the scaffolds is matched to that of bone by choosing a suitable scaffold porosity. Moreover, the templates can be scaled to achieve target pore sizes whilst preserving their elastic and diffusive properties. The resultant structures have two major design benefits. First, the scaffolds do not have directions of low stiffness. In contrast, the Young's modulus of conventional layered‐grid designs can be 86% less under diagonally‐aligned loads than under axis‐aligned loads. Second, the mass of the scaffold is used efficiently throughout the structure rather than being clumped in non load‐bearing regions. We fabricate prototypes of the implants using selective laser melting and test their elastic properties. Excellent agreement between theory and experiment provides important confirmation of the viability of this route to scaffold design and fabrication.
Microstructural Modulations Enhance the Mechanical Properties in Al–Cu–(Si, Ga) Ultrafine Composites
Authors: Park Jin Man , Pauly Simon , Mattern Norbert , Kim Do Hyang , Kim Ki Buem , Eckert Jürgen 
Published: September 2010

AbstractAdding small amounts of Si or Ga (3 at.%) to the eutectic Al83Cu17 alloy yields an ultrafine bimodal eutectic composite microstructure upon solidification. The as‐solidified alloys exhibit a distinct microstructural length‐scale hierarchy leading to a high fracture strength of around 1 GPa combined with a large compressive plastic strain of up to 30% at room temperature. The present results suggest that the mechanical properties of the ultrafine bimodal eutectic composites are strongly related to their microstructural characteristics, namely phase evolution, length‐scales, and distribution of the constituent phases.
Bifunctional Nanocomposites with Magnetic and Luminescence Properties
Authors: Vollath Dieter 
Published: September 2010

AbstractMany applications require nanoparticles that exhibit high magnetic moment and luminescence. Compounds exhibiting this combination of properties do not exist. However, this combination of properties may be obtained by nanocomposites. There are two possible configurations for these composites: the core–shell design, leading to the smallest composite particles, and agglomerates containing separated particles with the properties in question. The magnetic core is, in most cases, maghemite or magnetite, whereas the luminescence carrier is either an organic molecule or an inorganic quantum dot. One of the basic problems in designing such composites, to be overcome by the appropriate layout choice, is the potential incompatibility between the magnetic core and the lumophore. Experimentally realized solutions of these problems are presented.
Self‐Healing Materials
Authors: Hager Martin D. , Greil Peter , Leyens Christoph , van der Zwaag Sybrand , Schubert Ulrich S. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractSelf‐healing materials are able to partially or completely heal damage inflicted on them, e.g., crack formation; it is anticipated that the original functionality can be restored. This article covers the design and generic principles of self‐healing materials through a wide range of different material classes including metals, ceramics, concrete, and polymers. Recent key developments and future challenges in the field of self‐healing materials are summarised, and generic, fundamental material‐independent principles and mechanism are discussed and evaluated.
Primate seed dispersers as umbrella species: a case study from Kibale National Park, Uganda, with implications for Afrotropical forest conservation
Authors: Lambert Joanna E. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractAlmost half of the world's extant primate species are of conservation concern [IUCN, International Union for the Conservation of Nature Red List of Threatened Species,2008]. Primates are also effective seed dispersers. The implications of and interactions between these two facts are increasingly understood, and data demonstrating the consequences of losing primates for forest ecology are now available from throughout the tropics. However, a reality is that not all species—and the mutualisms among them—can be protected. Conservation managers must make difficult decisions and use shortcuts in the implementation of conservation tactics. Using taxa as “umbrellas” is one such shortcut, although a lack of an operational definition of what an umbrella speciesisand how to choose one has made implementing this tactic difficult. In this study, I discuss primates as umbrellas by defining a selection index in terms ofrichness/co‐occurrence,rarity, andsensitivityto anthropogenic disturbance. I evaluate the anthropoid assemblage of Kibale National Park, Uganda, in light of the selection index and determine thatCercopithecusis the genus best fitting the criteria for umbrella status. I then evaluate the functional significance—in terms of seed dispersal—of usingCercopithecusmonkeys (guenons) as umbrellas. Results from 1,047 hr of observation of focal fruiting trees in Kibale indicate thatCercopithecus ascaniuswas the most commonly observed frugivore visitor (July 2001–June 2002). These data corroborate earlier data collected in Kibale demonstrating that guenons are highly effective seed dispersers. Patterns ofrichness/co‐occurrence,rarity, andsensitivityobserved in Kibale are reflected in Afrotropical forests more generally, with the genusCercopithecustending to exhibit greatest richness/co‐occurrence with taxonomically similar species, to be neither extremely rare nor ubiquitous, and also to be moderately sensitive to human disturbance. Moreover, in all available evaluations of frugivory in Afrotropical forests, guenons emerge as among the most important seed dispersers relative to other taxa. Am. J. Primatol. 73:9–24, 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Common mitochondrial sequence variants in ischemic stroke
Authors: Anderson Christopher D. , Biffi Alessandro , Rahman Rosanna , Ross Owen A. , Jagiella Jeremiasz M. , Kissela Brett , Cole John W. , Cortellini Lynelle , Rost Natalia S. , Cheng Yu‐Ching , Greenberg Steven M. , de Bakker Paul I.W. , Brown Robert D. , Brott Thomas G. , Mitchell Braxton D. , Broderick Joseph P. , Worrall Bradford B. , Furie Karen L. , Kittner Steven J. , Woo Daniel , Slowik Agnieszka , Meschia James F. , Saxena Richa , Rosand Jonathan ,   on behalf of the International Stroke Genetics Consortium
Published: September 2010

AbstractObjectiveRare mitochondrial mutations cause neurologic disease, including ischemic stroke and MRI white matter changes. We investigated whether common mitochondrial genetic variants influence risk of sporadic ischemic stroke and, in patients with stroke, the volume of white matter hyperintensity (WMHV).MethodsIn this multicenter, mitochondrial genome‐wide association study (GWAS), 2284 ischemic stroke cases and 1728 controls from the International Stroke Genetics Consortium were genotyped for 64 mitochondrial single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Imputation resulted in 144 SNPs, which were tested in each cohort and in meta‐analysis for ischemic stroke association. A genetic score of all mitochondrial variants was also tested in association with ischemic stroke.ResultsNo individual SNP reached adjusted significance in meta‐analysis. A genetic score comprised of the summation of contributions from individual variants across the mitochondrial genome showed association with ischemic stroke in meta‐analysis (odds ratio [OR] = 1.13, p < 0.0001) with minimal heterogeneity (I2 = 0.00). This ischemic stroke score was robust to permutation, and was also associated with WMHV in 792 nested case individuals with ischemic stroke (p = 0.037).InterpretationIn this mitochondrial GWAS of ischemic stroke, a genetic score comprised of the sum of all common variants in the mitochondrial genome showed association with ischemic stroke. In an independent analysis of a related trait, this same score correlated with WMHV in stroke cases. Despite this aggregate association, no individual variant reached significance. Substantially larger studies will be required to identify precise sequence variants influencing cerebrovascular disease.ANN NEUROL 2010;00:000–000
A study on mechanical and thermal properties of silicone rubber/EPDM damping materials
Authors: Zhang Chen , Pal Kaushik , Byeon Jong‐Ung , Han Sang‐Min , Kim Jin Kuk 
Published: September 2010

AbstractSilicone rubber (SR) and ethylene‐propylene‐diene monomer (EPDM) blends were prepared for damping application. The mechanical and thermal properties of the blends are studied. With the increasing content of EPDM, the tensile strength is decreased but elongation at break is increased. By blending with EPDM, tan δ (at 35 to 200°C) of SR is enhanced. However, thermogravimetric analysis results showed the decrease in thermal stability. Scanning electron microscopy study showed the good filler dispersion of the blends with some large silica particles. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011