bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of mechanomyogram efficacy as a tool for assessing paired‐pulse inhibition of blink reflex early R1 component
Authors: Bayasgalan Borgil , Itoh Yasushi , Shingaki Megumi , Inui Koji 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIntroduction/AimsPaired‐pulse stimulation provides clinically useful information regarding sensory inhibition. When supraorbital nerve stimulation is repeated within a short interval, the response to the second stimulation is reduced to varying degrees. This magnitude of change in stimulation response can be monitored by electromyogram (EMG) or by mechanomyogram (MMG) as in this report. MMG has some advantages such as being less time consuming and lacking stimulus artifact. We compared the use of MMG and EMG to validate MMG as an effective method of assessing blink reflex paired‐pulse inhibition.MethodsEight volunteers participated. Participants received electrical stimulation to the supraorbital nerve of each side. A paired‐pulse paradigm was employed, varying the conditioning‐test interval between 5 and 800 ms. The R1 component of the induced blink reflex was simultaneously recorded by EMG using a pair of electrodes placed on the lower eyelid and by MMG using an accelerometer placed between the electrodes.ResultsThe correlation coefficient of the R1 amplitude between MMG and EMG of the grand‐averaged waveforms was 0.99. The average participant r value was .91 (range .76–.99). Similar analyses were performed for the amplitude variation of the second response relative to the first response. Results correlated well, yielding r values of .97 and .86 for the grand‐averaged waveform and the average for each subject.DiscussionThe present results demonstrate that MMG could be an alternative to EMG in assessing paired‐pulse inhibition of the electrical blink reflex R1 component.
Reducing extrauterine growth restriction in very preterm neonates: A before‐after intervention study
Authors: Shrikant Ketaki Nawlakhe , Gracy Nithya Babu , Pournami Femitha , Prithvi Ajai Kumar , Panackal Anila V. , Prabhakar Jyothi , Jain Naveen 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundFocus on preterm nutrition strategies is imperative. Extrauterine growth restriction (EUGR) is a clinically relevant, but seemingly elusive consequence, often used to benchmark and compare outcomes.MethodsThis before‐after observational study was designed to study the effect of a multipronged updated “nutrition care bundle” in very preterm infants on rate of EUGR compared with a cohort from a previous period. Eligible participants were neonates born at <32 weeks' gestation who completed care in the unit; a retrospective group from a previous period and a prospective cohort after implementation of the bundle were included. The bundle constituted of three key areas: (1) aggressive parenteral nutrition with high‐dose amino acids and lipids from day 1, (2) “rapid‐escalation” enteral feed regimens including earlier introduction of human milk fortifier (at 40‐ml/kg/day feeds), and (3) colostrum mouth paint and structured oromotor stimulation to promote oral feeding. EUGR was defined as a z score difference of >−1 in weight for postmenstrual age (PMA) at discharge and at birth.ResultsData of 116 infants were retrieved for the retrospective group; 103 infants were included in the prospective group. EUGR was reduced from 71% to 58% (P = 0.039) after implementation of the bundle. Infants in the prospective group achieved full oral feeds at earlier PMA (P < 0.001) and were discharged at earlier PMA (P = 0.002).ConclusionsThe proportion of neonates with EUGR was reduced significantly after implementation of the revised nutrition care bundle. Achievement of full oral feeds and discharge readiness were earlier in the prospective group.
Glutamate and excitotoxicity in central nervous system disorders: ionotropic glutamate receptors as a target for neuroprotection
Authors: Magdaleno Roman Jorge Y. , Chapa González Christian 
Published: June 2024

AbstractRecent advances in neuroscience have illuminated the central role of glutamate dysregulation in various neurological disorders. The glutamatergic system has emerged as a central player in the pathophysiology of various neurological disorders. The dysregulation of glutamate signaling, leading to excitotoxicity and neuronal cell death, has been a focal point in understanding the underlying mechanisms of these conditions. This has prompted a paradigm shift in neuroprotection research, with a growing emphasis on targeting ionotropic glutamate receptors (iGluRs) to restore glutamatergic homeostasis. This review provides a comprehensive overview of recent advancements in the field of iGluR‐targeted neuroprotection. We further investigate the implications of glutamate dysregulation in the central nervous system (CNS) disorders, highlighting the complex interplay between excitotoxicity and neuroprotection. We elucidate the multifaceted factors that render neurons vulnerable to excitotoxic damage, emphasizing the need for innovative therapeutic approaches. This review provides an extensive survey of the burgeoning field of iGluR‐targeted neuroprotection. It showcases the significant potential of a wide array of compounds, encompassing both natural and synthetic agents, to modulate iGluRs and ameliorate excitotoxicity and oxidative stress‐induced neuronal damage. These compounds have demonstrated impressive neuroprotective effects in diverse experimental models, from glutamate‐induced toxicity to traumatic brain injuries. We advocate for further research and clinical investigations to harness the full therapeutic potential of iGluR modulation, heralding a promising era in neuroprotection and CNS disorder management.
Status of knowledge, attitude and practice of clinical nurses towards the intrahospital transport of critically ill patients: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Dong Jie , Yi Yayan , Zhu Xiaocha , Zhang Huafang 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAimsTo explore the knowledge, attitudes and practice status of the intrahospital transport (IHT) of critically ill patients among clinical nurses and their influencing factors.DesignCross‐sectional study.MethodsA questionnaire determined the nurses' knowledge, attitudes and practice scores. The questionnaire was used for data collection in a tertiary hospital from 10 January to 17 January 2023. Multivariate regression analysis was also used to evaluate the related factors of IHT of critically ill patients in different dimensions.ResultsOut of 670 distributed questionnaires, 612 nurses returned the completed questionnaire. The scores of KAP were (9.72 ± 1.61), (42.91 ± 4.58) and (82.84 ± 1.61), respectively. Pearson's correlation analysis showed that knowledge, attitude and behaviour scores were positively correlated. Variables that were associated with the scores of transfer knowledge were the scores of transfer practice, different departments and the scores of transfer attitude. The score of practice, number of IHT and received hospital‐level training had statistical significance on the nurses' attitude scores. Furthermore, the score of the attitude and transport knowledge had statistical significance on the nurses' practice.ConclusionThe findings indicate a clear need for clinical nurses' knowledge of IHT of critically ill patients, especially in the emergency department (ED) and ICU. In addition, nurses need to be more active in transporting critically ill patients. Managers should enhance nurses' confidence in the IHT of critically ill patients and promote clinical nurses to establish a correct and positive attitude.ImpactThe findings of this study benefit nursing managers in understanding the current situation of IHT of critically ill patients. Managers should apply new training methods to nursing education and develop a multi‐level training program that is systematic, comprehensive and demand‐oriented.Patient or Public ContributionThe participants of this study were nurses and this contribution has been explained in the Data collection section. There was no patient contribution in this study.
Polymeric nanotheranostics for solid tumor management: Recent developments and global regulatory landscape
Authors: Sardar Md Samim , Kashinath Kardile Punam , Gupta Ujjwal , Roy Subhadeep , Kaity Santanu 
Published: June 2024

AbstractPolymeric nanotheranostics have emerged as promising vehicles for diagnosis‐cum‐targeted therapy in solid tumors, offering precise delivery of therapeutic agents at the site of solid tumors and minimizing systemic side effects. This article summarizes the latest developments in using polymeric nanoparticles for specific treatment strategies in solid tumors. It explores the various methods these nanoparticles utilize for targeted medication delivery. This includes passive targeting through the amplified permeability and retention effect, active targeting via interactions between ligands and receptors, and stimuli‐responsive release mechanisms such as pH, temperature, and enzymatic triggers. Furthermore, we highlight recent developments in stimuli‐responsive polymeric nanoparticles, which enable controlled drug release in response to specific cues in the tumor microenvironment, thus enhancing therapeutic efficacy. Also, we focus on the theranostic polymeric nanoparticles, which are used for diagnosing and treating solid tumors. We discuss critical regulatory considerations and the regulatory bodies of different countries that regulate nanomedicines' safety, efficacy, quality, and manufacturing processes. Overall, this review provides insights into the latest innovations in polymeric nanoparticles for targeted therapy in solid tumors, elucidating their mechanisms of action, stimuli‐responsive properties, and regulatory pathways, which collectively contribute to developing effective and safe nanomedicines for cancer treatment.
Environmental and Economic Analysis of Reusable and Single‐Use Food Packaging Formats in University Campus Food Services
Authors: Snyder William Ralph , Park Jonghun 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACTThe purpose of this study is to assess the environmental and economic impacts of the various food packaging systems offered in university food services in Canada. Toronto Metropolitan University's food service was chosen as a test case. Three systems exist in this setting: single‐use polypropylene (PP) containers, reusable PP clamshells and compostable bagasse clamshells. The goal is to understand which system has the most favourable impact regarding the Tool for the Reduction and Assessment of Chemical and other environmental Impacts' (TRACI 2.1) 10 impact categories and which system is the most financially viable through a cost analysis. The scope includes a cradle‐to‐grave life cycle assessment (LCA) consisting of raw material extraction and production, transportation, usage and end‐of‐life disposal. This study investigates the environmental impact of each packaging system for 10 000 meals consumed by students. This research follows two ISO standards, 14044:2006, and 14040:2006. These standards involve defining the goal and scope, completing a life cycle inventory (LCI) analysis, completing a life cycle impact assessment (LCIA) and interpreting the life cycle. LCI information is extracted using SimaPro v9.0. The study results reveal that the reusable PP clamshell has the least environmental impact when compared to the two other single‐use packaging alternatives for nine of the 10 environmental impact categories. The single‐use PP container has the most significant environmental impact due to its harmful material extraction, production processes and end‐of‐life emissions. The sensitivity analysis determined that if reused a minimum number of 37 times, the reusable clamshell (RU) remains favourable to the single‐use formats in nine of the 10 impact categories. Furthermore, the cost analysis reveals that the reusable packaging format is the most financially favourable when reused 16 times or more. This research concludes that single‐use food packaging options have a more significant environmental impact than reusable PP clamshells. Based on the research findings, purchasing a less harmful detergent, sourcing the packaging locally and reducing the loss rate of reusable PP clamshells could produce an even more favourable environmental impact for the reusable food packaging system.
Coronavirus disease 2019 vaccination in patients with rheumatic diseases: A bibliometric‐based analysis of trends
Authors: Kong Xiufang , Wang Wei 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) vaccination in patients with rheumatic disease is of practical clinical importance. This study aimed to perform a comprehensive bibliometric analysis of COVID‐19 vaccination in patients with rheumatic disease and indicate possible directions for future studies.MethodsResearch articles and reviews related to COVID‐19 vaccinations in patients with rheumatic diseases were retrieved from Science Citation Index Expanded of the Web of Science Core Collection. The CiteSpace and VOSviewer software were used to depict network mapping showing the collaborations among countries, institutions, and authors. Current hotspots and future directions were derived by analyzing highly cited/co‐cited documents and keywords.ResultsIn total, 615 documents published in 194 academic journals, including 505 articles and 110 reviews contributed by 5068 authors from 1693 institutions in 79 countries/regions, were finally included and analyzed. The United States and the University of London were the most productive country and cooperative institution, respectively. Author analysis showed that cooperation between different authors was largely confined to only several groups. Vaccines and Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology were the journals with the most publications and citations per document, respectively. Cluster analysis showed that the keywords can be categorized into groups like kidney disease, antibody response, COVID‐19 vaccine, vaccination, validation, safety, and giant cell arteritis.ConclusionsThe efficacy and safety of COVID‐19 vaccination in patients with rheumatic disease are being continuously investigated. Future studies on COVID‐19 vaccination in patients with rheumatic diseases could focus on antibody response, validation, and vaccine safety.
Chronic schistosomiasis infection and obstetric fistula repair outcomes in Lubango, Angola: A retrospective chart review
Authors: Chin Esther A. , Olson Annelise , Foster Stephen , Arrowsmith Steven , Browning Andrew 
Published: June 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the association between chronic schistosomiasis infection, determined by bladder biopsies, and vesicovaginal (VVF) repair outcomes at an urban hospital in Angola. Other objectives were to quantify the prevalence of chronic schistosomiasis among patients with VVF and to assess agreement between pelvic X‐rays and bladder biopsies for chronic schistosomiasis diagnosis.MethodsIn this retrospective chart review, data were collected on patients who underwent VVF repair between 1 June 2022 and 30 November 2022 including: age, number of previous fistula repairs, Goh classification of fistula, X‐ray and biopsy results, fistula repair outcome, perioperative complications and postoperative incontinence. Age and number of previous repairs were described using means with standard deviations. Goh classification, X‐ray and biopsy results, fistula repair outcome, perioperative complications, and postoperative incontinence were described using frequencies. Parametric and nonparametric tests and Cohen's κ were calculated using R software and Excel.ResultsOf the 76 charts retrieved, 60 met inclusion criteria. The overall fistula repair failure rate was 26.7% (n = 16). There was no difference in the fistula repair failure rate between those with (26.9%) and without (26.5%) evidence of chronic schistosomiasis infection (χ2 = 2.33 e‐31, 95% confidence interval [CI]: −0.30, 0.28). The prevalence of chronic schistosomiasis was 43.3%. There was no agreement between X‐ray and biopsy in diagnosing chronic schistosomiasis infection (Cohen's κ = 0.23, 95% CI: −0.001, 0.47).ConclusionThere was no difference in the chance of fistula repair failure between those with evidence of chronic schistosomiasis infection and those without.
A Universal Electronic Structure Modulation Strategy: Is Strong Adsorption Always Correlated with High Catalysis?
Authors: Liu Mengyu , Hou Ruohan , Zhang Pengpeng , Li Yukun , Shao Guosheng , Zhang Peng 
Published: June 2024

AbstractUnveiling the inherent link between polysulfide adsorption and catalytic activity is key to achieving optimal performance in Lithium‐sulfur (Li‐S) batteries. Current research on the sulfur reaction process mainly relies on the strong adsorption of catalysts to confine lithium polysulfides (LiPSs) to the cathode side, effectively suppressing the shuttle effect of polysulfides. However, is strong adsorption always correlated with high catalysis? The inherent relationship between adsorption and catalytic activity remains unclear, limiting the in‐depth exploration and rational design of catalysts. Herein, the correlation between “d‐band center‐adsorption strength‐catalytic activity” in porous carbon nanofiber catalysts embedded with different transition metals (M‐PCNF‐3, M = Fe, Co, Ni, Cu) is systematically investigated, combining the d‐band center theory and the Sabatier principle. Theoretical calculations and experimental analysis results indicate that Co‐PCNF‐3 electrocatalyst with appropriate d‐band center positions exhibits moderate adsorption capability and the highest catalytic conversion activity for LiPSs, validating the Sabatier relationship in Li‐S battery electrocatalysts. These findings provide indispensable guidelines for the rational design of more durable cathode catalysts for Li‐S batteries.
Cathode|Electrolyte Interface Engineering by a Hydrogel Polymer Electrolyte for a 3D Porous High‐Voltage Cathode Material in a Quasi‐Solid‐State Zinc Metal Battery by In Situ Polymerization
Authors: Puthiyaveetil Priyanka Pandinhare , Torris Arun , Dilwale Swati , Kanheerampockil Fayis , Kurungot Sreekumar 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis work highlights the development of a superior cathode|electrolyte interface for the quasi solid‐state rechargeable zinc metal battery (QSS‐RZMB) by a novel hydrogel polymer electrolyte using an ultraviolet (UV) light‐assisted in situ polymerization strategy. By integrating the cathode with a thin layer of the hydrogel polymer electrolyte, this technique produces an integrated interface that ensures quick Zn2+ ion conduction. The coexistence of nanowires for direct electron routes and the enhanced electrolyte ion infiltration and diffusion by the 3D porous flower structure with a wide open surface of the Zn‐MnO electrode complements the interface formation during the in situ polymerization process. The QSS‐RZMB configured with an integrated cathode (i‐Zn‐MnO) and the hydrogel polymer electrolyte (PHPZ‐30) as the separator yields a comparable specific energy density of 214.14 Wh kg−1 with that of its liquid counterpart (240.38 Wh kg−1, 0.5 M Zn(CF3SO3)2 aqueous electrolyte). Other noteworthy features of the presented QSS‐RZMB system include its superior cycle life of over 1000 charge‐discharge cycles and 85% capacity retention with 99% coulombic efficiency at the current density of 1.0 A g−1, compared to only 60% capacity retention over 500 charge‐discharge cycles displayed by the liquid‐state system under the same operating conditions.
On reference architectures
Authors: Krob Daniel , Roques Adrien 
Published: June 2024

AbstractA reference architecture is a key architectural asset for the systems engineer, that intends both to simplify its work and to guarantee the exhaustiveness of the coverage of its system analyses. This paper proposes formal definitions for a reference architecture, based on the theory of abstract interpretation that formalizes the notion of abstraction, which covers respectively large and small‐scale families of systems. These definitions are illustrated by automotive, building, and mining case studies.
Updated typification of the Tasmanian pteridophytes described by Labillardière in his Novae Hollandiae plantarum specimen of 1806
Authors: Schwartsburd Pedro B. , Bostock Peter D. , Parris Barbara , Field Ashley , Brownsey Patrick , Nepi Chiara 
Published: June 2024

AbstractWe present updated type information on the Tasmanian species of ferns and lycophytes described by Labillardière in his Novae Hollandiae plantarum specimen of 1806. Among the 13 names introduced, we list a total of 80 specimens with type status (13 lectotypes and 67 isolectotypes), mainly from FI, which houses Labillardière's herbarium (and the main set of plants) in FI‐W, but also from B (including B‐W), BM, F, G, GH, K, L, LE, MEL, P (including P‐JU), PRC, RB, and WAG. Another nine specimens are cited as probable isolectotypes, since they lack confident label data. Four lectotypifications and one second‐step lectotypification are newly proposed. Some specimens previously regarded as “holotypes” are better referred to as inadvertently chosen lectotypes. We show evidence that Lindsaea lanceolata Labill. (= L. ensifolia Sw. subsp. ensifolia), although originally described from Tasmania, was probably mislabeled, and the specimen was actually from Amboyna (= Ambon), Indonesia. We provide an Appendix with links to online images of nearly all type specimens.
Assessing tilavonemab efficacy in early Alzheimer's disease via longitudinal item response theory modeling
Authors: Zhou Xiaoxiao , Zou Haotian , Lutz Michael W. , Arbeev Konstantin , Akushevich Igor , Yashin Anatoli , Welsh‐Bohmer Kathleen A. , Luo Sheng 
Published: June 2024

AbstractINTRODUCTIONAlzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by declines in cognitive and functional severities. This research utilized the Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR) to assess the influence of tilavonemab on these deteriorations.METHODSLongitudinal Item Response Theory (IRT) models were employed to analyze CDR domains in early‐stage AD patients. Both unidimensional and multidimensional models were contrasted to elucidate the trajectories of cognitive and functional severities.RESULTSWe observed significant temporal increases in both cognitive and functional severities, with the cognitive severity deteriorating at a quicker rate. Tilavonemab did not demonstrate a statistically significant effect on the progression in either severity. Furthermore, a significant positive association was identified between the baselines and progression rates of both severities.DISCUSSIONWhile tilavonemab failed to mitigate impairment progression, our multidimensional IRT analysis illuminated the interconnected progression of cognitive and functional declines in AD, suggesting a comprehensive perspective on disease trajectories.Highlights
Utilized longitudinal Item Response Theory (IRT) models to analyze the Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR) domains in early‐stage Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients, comparing unidimensional and multidimensional models.
Observed significant temporal increases in both cognitive and functional severities, with cognitive severity deteriorating at a faster rate, while tilavonemab showed no statistically significant effect on either domain's progression.
Found a significant positive association between the baseline severities and their progression rates, indicating interconnected progression patterns of cognitive and functional declines in AD.
Introduced the application of multidimensional longitudinal IRT models to provide a comprehensive perspective on the trajectories of cognitive and functional severities in early AD, suggesting new avenues for future research including the inclusion of time‐dependent random effects and data‐driven IRT models.