bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Should I make it round? Suitability of circular and linear layouts for comparative tasks with matrix and connective data
Authors: Ståhlbom E. , Molin J. , Ynnerman A. , Lundström C. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractVisual representations based on circular shapes are frequently used in visualization applications. One example are circos plots within bioinformatics, which bend graphs into a wheel of information with connective lines running through the center like spokes. The results are aesthetically appealing and impressive visualizations that fit long data sequences into a small quadratic space. However, the authors' experiences are that when asked, a visualization researcher would generally advise against making visualizations with radial layouts. Upon reviewing the literature we found that there is evidence that circular layouts are preferable in some cases, but we found no clear evidence for what layout is preferable for matrices and connective data in particular, which both are common data types in circos plots. In this work, we thus performed a user study to compare circular and linear layouts. The tasks are inspired by genomics data, but our results generalize to many other application areas, involving comparison and connective data. To build the prototype we utilized Gosling, a grammar for visualizing genomics data. We contribute empirical evidence on the suitedness of linear versus circular layouts, adding to the specific and general knowledge concerning perception of circular graphs. In addition, we contribute a case study evaluation of the grammar Gosling as a rapid prototyping language, confirming its utility and providing guidance on suitable areas for future development.
Guided By AI: Navigating Trust, Bias, and Data Exploration in AI‐Guided Visual Analytics
Authors: Ha Sunwoo , Monadjemi Shayan , Ottley Alvitta 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe increasing integration of artificial intelligence (AI) in visual analytics (VA) tools raises vital questions about the behavior of users, their trust, and the potential of induced biases when provided with guidance during data exploration. We present an experiment where participants engaged in a visual data exploration task while receiving intelligent suggestions supplemented with four different transparency levels. We also modulated the difficulty of the task (easy or hard) to simulate a more tedious scenario for the analyst. Our results indicate that participants were more inclined to accept suggestions when completing a more difficult task despite theai's lower suggestion accuracy. Moreover, the levels of transparency tested in this study did not significantly affect suggestion usage or subjective trust ratings of the participants. Additionally, we observed that participants who utilized suggestions throughout the task explored a greater quantity and diversity of data points. We discuss these findings and the implications of this research for improving the design and effectiveness ofai‐guidedvatools.
A Systematic Literature Review of User Evaluation in Immersive Analytics
Authors: Friedl‐Knirsch J. , Pointecker F. , Pfistermüller S. , Stach C. , Anthes C. , Roth D. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractUser evaluation is a common and useful tool for systematically generating knowledge and validating novel approaches in the domain of Immersive Analytics. Since this research domain centres around users, user evaluation is of extraordinary relevance. Additionally, Immersive Analytics is an interdisciplinary field of research where different communities bring in their own methodologies. It is vital to investigate and synchronise these different approaches with the long‐term goal to reach a shared evaluation framework. While there have been several studies focusing on Immersive Analytics as a whole or on certain aspects of the domain, this is the first systematic review of the state of evaluation methodology in Immersive Analytics. The main objective of this systematic literature review is to illustrate methodologies and research areas that are still underrepresented in user studies by identifying current practice in user evaluation in the domain of Immersive Analytics in coherence with the PRISMA protocol. (seehttps://www.acm.org/publications/class-2012)
State of the Art of Graph Visualization in non‐Euclidean Spaces
Authors: Miller Jacob , Bhatia Dhruv , Kobourov Stephen 
Published: June 2024

AbstractVisualizing graphs and networks in non‐Euclidean space can have benefits such as natural focus+context in hyperbolic space and the familiarity of interactions in spherical space. Despite work on these topics going back to the mid 1990s, there is no survey, or a part of a survey for this area of research. In this paper we review and categorize over 60 relevant papers and analyze them by geometry, (e.g., spherical, hyperbolic, torus), by contribution (e.g., technique, evaluation, proof, application), and by graph class (e.g., tree, planar, complex).
Open Your Ears and Take a Look: A State‐of‐the‐Art Report on the Integration of Sonification and Visualization
Authors: Enge K. , Elmquist E. , Caiola V. , Rönnberg N. , Rind A. , Iber M. , Lenzi S. , Lan F. , Höldrich R. , Aigner W. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe research communities studying visualization and sonification for data display and analysis share exceptionally similar goals, essentially making data of any kind interpretable to humans. One community does so by using visual representations of data, and the other community employs auditory (non‐speech) representations of data. While the two communities have a lot in common, they developed mostly in parallel over the course of the last few decades. With this STAR, we discuss a collection of work that bridges the borders of the two communities, hence a collection of work that aims to integrate the two techniques into one form of audiovisual display, which we argue to be “more than the sum of the two.” We introduce and motivate a classification system applicable to such audiovisual displays and categorize a corpus of 57 academic publications that appeared between 2011 and 2023 in categories such as reading level, dataset type, or evaluation system, to mention a few. The corpus also enables a meta‐analysis of the field, including regularly occurring design patterns such as type of visualization and sonification techniques, or the use of visual and auditory channels, showing an overall diverse field with different designs. An analysis of a co‐author network of the field shows individual teams without many interconnections. The body of work covered in this STAR also relates to three adjacent topics: audiovisual monitoring, accessibility, and audiovisual data art. These three topics are discussed individually in addition to the systematically conducted part of this research. The findings of this report may be used by researchers from both fields to understand the potentials and challenges of such integrated designs while hopefully inspiring them to collaborate with experts from the respective other field.
Effects of protected area coverage and research on conservation status of primates globally
Authors: Wang Zhining , Chen Tao , Yang Li , Chapman Colin A. , Fan Pengfei 
Published: June 2024

AbstractConducting conservation research and establishing protected areas (PAs) based on research results are critical to biodiversity conservation. However, the effect of research and PAs on conservation of threatened species has rarely been evaluated simultaneously. We collected data on PAs from 2000 for 2021 and determined the number of publications on global primates (published from 1950 to 2021) to assess the effect of PAs, research, and biological and socioeconomic factors on the current International Union for Conservation of Nature endangered status and change in status. We used the MCMCglmm package to conduct a phylogenetic comparative analysis to control the phylogenetic relationship of primate species. The status of 24.6% (82 of 333) of species assessed at least twice declined. Only the black lion tamarin (Leontopithecus chrysopygus) had an improved status. Species with status declines mostly occurred on the south coast of West Africa and in Madagascar. PAs covered 22.1% of each species’ range. Forest loss in PAs (5.5%) was significantly lower than forest loss within 5 km outside PAs (13.8%), suggesting PAs effectively mitigated forest loss. Both the median number of total publications and conservation publications on critically endangered species were higher than those of other categories. Models showed that PA coverage and number of publications or conservation‐focused publications were not related to current status or change in status over time. A decline in status was not related to creation of PAs or increase of research since the last assessment. Our results suggest that current PAs and research are not reversing the extinction crisis of global primates. Doing more conservation‐oriented research, strengthening management of current PAs, and expanding PAs will be needed to protect primates globally.
MultiCogniGraph: A multimodal data fusion and graph convolutional network‐based multi‐hop reasoning method for large equipment fault diagnosis
Authors: Chen Sen , Wang Jian 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAs industrial production escalates in scale and complexity, the rapid localization and diagnosis of equipment failures have become a core technical challenge. In response to the demand for intelligent fault diagnosis in large‐scale industrial equipment, this study presents “MultiCogniGraph”—a multi‐hop reasoning diagnostic method that integrates multimodal data fusion, knowledge graphs, and graph convolutional networks (GCN). This method leverages internet of things (IoT) sensor data, small‐sample imagery, and expert knowledge to comprehensively characterize the equipment state and accurately detect subtle distinctions in fault patterns. Utilizing a knowledge graph to synthesize data from multiple sources and deep reasoning with GCN, “MultiCogniGraph” achieves swift and effective fault localization and diagnosis. The integration of these techniques not only enhances the efficiency and accuracy of fault diagnosis but also its interpretability, marking a new direction in the field of intelligent fault diagnostics.
BiLSTM‐based thunderstorm prediction for IoT applications
Authors: Zhuang Li , Zhu Lin 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAlthough the market demand for smart devices (SDs) in the Internet of Things (IoT) era is surging, the corresponding thunderstorm protection measures have rarely attracted attention. This paper presents a thunderstorm prediction method with elevation correction, to reduce the thunderstorm damage to SDs by visually tracking thunderstorm activities. First, a self‐made three‐dimensional atmospheric electric field apparatus (3DAEFA) deployed in IoT is developed to collect real‐time AEF data. A 3DAEFA‐based localization model is established, and the localization formula after correction is derived. AEF data predicted by the bi‐directional long short‐term memory (BiLSTM) model are input to this formula to obtain thunderstorm point charge localization results. Then, the localization skill is evaluated. Finally, the proposed method is assessed in experiments, under single and multiple point charge conditions. There are significant reductions of at least 33.1% and 8.8% in ranging and elevation angle errors, respectively. Particularly, this post‐prediction correction reduces the deviation of fitted point charge moving paths by at most 0.189 km, demonstrating excellent application effects. Comparisons with radar charts and existing methods testify that this method can effectively predict thunderstorms.
Mortality factors and antibiotic options in carbapenem‐resistant Enterobacterales bloodstream infections: Insights from a high‐prevalence setting with co‐occurring NDM‐1 and OXA‐48
Authors: Karnmueng Palat , Montakantikul Preecha , Paiboonvong Taniya , Plongla Rongpong , Chatsuwan Tanittha , Chumnumwat Supatat 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBloodstream infections (BSI) caused by carbapenem‐resistant Enterobacterales (CRE) are associated with a high mortality rate. This study aimed to investigate factors associated with 14‐day mortality and identify a potential treatment option. A retrospective cohort study was conducted on patients with CRE‐BSI in Thailand from 2015 to 2020. The multivariate Cox proportional‐hazards model was employed to identify factors influencing 14‐day mortality. Out of 134 diagnosed cases of CRE‐BSI, the all‐cause 14‐day mortality rate was 35.1%. The most prevalent organism isolated was Klebsiella pneumoniae (85.8%), followed by Escherichia coli (11.9%). Among the 60 isolates tested for carbapenemase genes, the majority exhibited co‐occurring blaNDM‐1 and blaOXA‐48 (51.7%), followed by blaOXA‐48 (31.7%) and blaNDM‐1 (15.0%). In the multivariate analysis, neutropenia (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] 2.55; 95% confidence interval [95%CI] 1.28–5.06; p = 0.008), sepsis/septic shock (aHR 3.02; 95%CI 1.33–6.86; p = 0.008), and previous metronidazole exposures (aHR 3.58; 95%CI 1.89–6.71; p < 0.001) were identified as independent factors for 14‐day mortality. The fosfomycin‐based regimen was found to be protective (aHR 0.37; 95%CI 0.15–0.92; p = 0.032). In patients with CRE‐BSI, particularly in regions with a high occurrence of co‐occurring blaNDM‐1 and blaOXA‐48, neutropenia, sepsis/septic shock, and previous metronidazole exposures emerged as independent risk factors for mortality. Moreover, the fosfomycin‐based regimen showed an improvement in the survival rate.
Reducing cardiometabolic risk with semaglutide in type 1 diabetes (RESET1): Study protocol of a phase 2 double‐blinded randomised placebo‐controlled trial
Authors: Frampton Ruth , Snaith Jennifer R. , Hocking Samantha , Holmes‐Walker Jane , Olsen Nicholas , Greenfield Jerry R. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundPremature cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death in people living with type 1 diabetes. Therapies are urgently needed to address cardiovascular risk in this group. Semaglutide, a long‐acting glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonist, has been shown to reduce cardiovascular events and improve weight and glycaemia in type 2 diabetes. Semaglutide may offer cardioprotective and metabolic benefits in type 1 diabetes.MethodsWe will study 60 adults aged 25–70 years with type 1 diabetes of duration at least 2 years, body mass index ≥25 kg/m2, HbA1c ≥7% and at least one cardiovascular risk factor (microalbuminuria, hypertension or anti‐hypertensive treatment, hyperlipidemia or lipid lowering therapy, current smoking). Participants will receive semaglutide up to 1.0 mg weekly or matched placebo for 26 weeks. The primary outcome is carotid femoral pulse wave velocity, a measure of arterial stiffness, as a surrogate marker of cardiovascular risk. Potential mechanisms for metabolic changes will be explored including change in insulin sensitivity determined by hyperinsulinaemic‐euglycaemic clamp; and incretin and pancreatic hormone action measured during mixed meal tolerance test.ConclusionThe REducing cardiometabolic risk with SEmaglutide in Type 1 diabetes study will investigate whether semaglutide, a long acting glucagon‐like peptide receptor agonist, can improve markers of cardiometabolic health in T1D. Underlying mechanisms predicting response, including insulin resistance and incretin hormone status, will also be explored.
Diabetes and risk of hospitalisation due to infection in northeastern Thailand: Retrospective cohort study using population‐based healthcare service data
Authors: Peerawaranun Pimnara , Pan‐ngum Wirichada , Hantrakun Viriya , Wild Sarah H. , Dunachie Susanna , Chamnan Parinya 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundPopulation‐based studies describing the association between diabetes and increased risk of infection have largely been based in high‐income countries. There is limited information describing the burden of infectious disease attributable to diabetes in low and middle‐income countries. This study aimed to describe the burden and risk of infectious disease hospitalisation in people with diabetes compared to those without diabetes in northeastern Thailand.MethodsIn a retrospective cohort study using electronic health record data for 2012–2018 for 3.8 million people aged ≥20 years in northeastern Thailand, hospitalisation rates for any infectious diseases (ICD‐10 codes A00‐B99) were estimated and negative binomial regression used to estimate rate ratios (RR) for the association between diabetes and infectious disease hospitalisation adjusted for age, sex and area of residence.ResultsIn this study, 164,177 people had a diagnosis of diabetes mellitus at any point over the study period. Infectious disease hospitalisation rates per 1000 person‐years (95%CI) were 71.8 (70.9, 72.8), 27.7 (27.1, 28.3) and 7.5 (7.5, 7.5) for people with prevalent diabetes, incident diabetes and those without diabetes respectively. Diabetes was associated with a 4.6‐fold higher risk of infectious disease hospitalisation (RR (95% CI) 4.59 (4.52, 4.66)). RRs for infectious disease hospitalisation were 3.38 (3.29, 3.47) for people with diabetes managed by lifestyle alone and 5.29 (5.20, 5.39) for people receiving prescriptions for diabetes drugs.ConclusionsIn this Thai population, diabetes was associated with substantially increased risk of hospitalisation due to infectious diseases and people with diabetes who were on pharmacological treatment had a higher risk than those receiving lifestyle modification advice alone.
Cost–utility analysis of a flash continuous glucose monitoring system in the management of people with type 2 diabetes mellitus on basal insulin therapy—An Italian healthcare system perspective
Authors: Del Prato Stefano , Giorgino Francesco , Szafranski Kirk , Poon Yeesha 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAimsTo assess the cost–utility of the FreeStyle Libre flash continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) system from an Italian healthcare system perspective, when compared with self‐monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) in people living with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) receiving basal insulin.Materials and MethodsA patient‐level microsimulation model was run using Microsoft Excel for 10 000 patients over a lifetime horizon, with 3.0% discounting for costs and utilities. Inputs were based on clinical trials and real‐world evidence, with patient characteristics reflecting Italian population data. The effect of flash CGM was modelled as a persistent 0.8% reduction in glycated haemoglobin versus SMBG. Costs (€ 2023) and disutilities were applied to glucose monitoring, diabetes complications, severe hypoglycaemia, and diabetic ketoacidosis. The health outcome was measured as quality‐adjusted life‐years (QALYs).ResultsDirect costs were €5338 higher with flash CGM than with SMBG. Flash CGM was associated with 0.51 more QALYs than SMBG, giving an incremental cost‐effectiveness ratio (ICER) of €10 556/QALY. Scenario analysis ICERs ranged from €3825/QALY to €26 737/QALY. In probabilistic analysis, flash CGM was 100% likely to be cost effective at willingness‐to‐pay thresholds > €20 000/QALY.ConclusionsFrom an Italian healthcare system perspective, flash CGM is cost effective compared with SMBG for people living with T2DM on basal insulin.
Combined peripheral and central ultrasound for the diagnosis of PAH‐SSc patients
Authors: Correale Michele , Rotondo Cinzia , Bevere Ester Maria Lucia , Tricarico Lucia , Rella Valeria , Villani Deborah , Granato Mattia , Migliozzi Celeste , Cantatore Francesco Paolo , Brunetti Natale Daniele , Corrado Addolorata 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundSystemic Sclerosis (SSc), an intricate autoimmune disease causing tissue fibrosis, introduces cardiovascular complexities, notably pulmonary hypertension (PH), affecting both survival and quality of life. This study centers on evaluating echocardiographic parameters and endothelial function using flow‐mediated dilatation (FMD) in SSc patients, aiming to differentiate those with and without pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). The emphasis lies in early detection, given the heightened vulnerability of the right ventricle (RV) in the presence of PH.MethodsFifty‐nine SSc patients and 48 healthy subjects participated, undergoing clinical examinations, echocardiography, FMD assessments, blood analyses, and right heart catheterization (RHC) according to the ESC/ERS guidelines for diagnosis and treatment of PH.ResultsSSc‐PAH patients displayed lower FMD, higher frequency of TAPSE < 18 mm, RA area > 18 cm2, act RVOT < 105 ms and TRV > 280 cm/s compared to those without PAH and healthy controls. Resting resistivity index (RI) was higher in SSc patients, with no significant difference between those with and without PAH. Lower FMD% serves as a predictive marker for adverse cardiovascular outcomes in both SSc and SSc‐PAH patients. Stratification by TRV levels and PAH presence reveals notable FMD% variations, emphasizing its potential utility.ConclusionsEarly identification of endothelial dysfunction and impaired RV echocardiographic parameters, such as TAPSE and TRV, could aid in predicting right ventricular dysfunction and PAH in SSc patients.
The safety of transesophageal echocardiography to guide transcatheter tricuspid valve edge‐to‐edge repair
Authors: Cammalleri Valeria , De Luca Valeria Maria , Antonelli Giorgio , Piscione Maria Grazia , Gaudio Dario , Carpenito Myriam , Mega Simona , di Pumpo Anna Laura , Carassiti Massimiliano , Grigioni Francesco , Ussia Gian Paolo 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundTransesophageal echocardiography (TEE) is primarily used to guide transcatheter structural heart interventions, such as tricuspid transcatheter edge‐to‐edge repair (TEER). Although TEE has a good safety profile, it is still an invasive imaging technique that may be associated with complications, especially when performed during long transcatheter procedures or on frail patients. The aim of this study was to assess TEE‐related complications during tricuspid TEER.MethodsThis is a prospective study enrolling 53 patients who underwent tricuspid TEER for severe tricuspid regurgitation (TR). TEE‐related complications were assessed clinically and divided into major (life‐threatening, major bleeding requiring transfusions or surgery, organ perforation, and persistent dysphagia) and minor (perioral hypesthesia, < 24 h dysphagia/odynophagia, minor intraoral bleeding and hematemesis not requiring transfusion)ResultsThe median age of the patient population was 79 years; 43.4% had severe, 39.6% massive, and 17.6% torrential TR. 62.3% of patients suffered from upper gastrointestinal disorders. Acute procedural success (APS) was achieved in 88.7% in a median device time of 36 min. A negative association was shown between APS and lead‐induced etiology (r = ‐.284, p = .040), baseline TR grade (r = ‐.410, p = .002), suboptimal TEE view (r = ‐.349, p = .012), device time (r = ‐.234, p = .043), and leaflet detachment (r = ‐.496, p < .0001). We did not observe any clinical manifest major or minor TEE‐related complications during the hospitalization.ConclusionsOur study reinforces the good safety profile and efficacy of TEE guidance during tricuspid TEER. Adequate preoperative management and intraprocedural precautions are mandatory in order to avoid serious complications. Furthermore, suboptimal intraprocedural TEE views are associated with lower TR reduction rates.Highlights
Transesophageal echocardiography is a crucial and safe technique for guiding transcatheter structural heart interventions.
A mix of mid/deep esophageal and trans gastric views, as well as real‐time 3D imaging is generally used to guide the procedure.
Adequate preoperative management and intraprocedural precautions are mandatory in order to avoid serious problems.
A shorter device time is associated with more rarely probe‐related complications.
Suboptimal intraprocedural TEE views are associated with lower TR reduction rates.