bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Differences in phosphorylation patterns of intracellular signaling proteins in T cells from kidney transplant patients with different outcomes
Authors: Ortiz Yaneth M. , García Luis F. , Álvarez Cristiam M. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractTransplant patients with long‐term graft survival (LTS) may have developed mechanisms that prevent rejection and allow graft function under low or no immunosuppressive therapy. In murine models, T cell tolerance is associated with alterations in the expression/activation of proteins involved in T cell signaling. These alterations have not been reported in transplanted patients with different outcomes. This study aimed to evaluate calcium mobilization, the phosphorylation of different proteins involved in T cell signaling and the expression of molecules associated with anergy, in T cells from kidney transplant patients. No differences were observed in calcium mobilization, although transplanted patients had a tendency toward augmented calcium flux. Chronic rejection patients (ChrRx) displayed lower Lck basal phosphorylation levels compared with LTS patients, and the phosphorylation profile of proteins evaluated was different. Among the groups, phosphorylation of Zap‐70 was higher in LTS patients compared with ChrRx, and LAT phosphorylation was lower in LTS and ChrRx patients compared with healthy controls. The expression of molecules related to the anergic phenotype was similar among the study groups. Results suggest that phosphorylation patterns, rather than phosphorylation levels, may correlate with transplant outcome and that anergy may not be the main mechanism mediating LTS.
Successful unrelated bone marrow transplantation in two siblings with alpha‐mannosidosis
Authors: Yesilipek Akif M. , Akcan Mediha , Karasu Gulsun , Uygun Vedat , Kupesiz Alphan , Hazar Volkan 
Published: July 2012

Yesilipek AM, Akcan M, Karasu G, Uygun V, Kupesiz A, Hazar V. Successful unrelated bone marrow transplantation in two siblings with alpha‐mannosidosis.Abstract:  Alpha‐mannosidosis is a rare lysosomal storage disorder with an autosomal recessive inheritance. Deficient alpha‐mannosidase activity leads to lysosomal accumulation of mannose‐rich oligosaccharides. The disease characterized by mental retardation, skeletal changes, hearing impairment, and recurrent infections. Stem cell transplantation has been shown to be an effective treatment. It works by providing increased levels of α‐mannosidase in the localized extracellular milieu to provide improvements in skeletal malformations, neurocognitive, and sensorineural function. In this case report, we describe a pair of siblings with α‐mannosidosis who successfully underwent HSCT from matched unrelated donors. In both siblings, enzyme levels reached to normal limits and improvements in clinical symptoms were recognized early after HSCT. We conclude that HSCT should be considered as a therapeutic approach in patients with alpha‐mannosidosis before disease‐related complications have developed.
Response to artificial drying until drought‐induced death in different elevation populations of a high‐mountain plant
Authors: García‐Fernández Alfredo , Iriondo Jose M. , Bartels Dorothea , Escudero Adrián 
Published: July 2012

AbstractClimate change is imposing warmer and more arid conditions on high‐mountain Mediterranean pastures. The severity of these conditions is more intense in lower elevation populations and may be critical for their survival. In this context, we asked whether local adaptation plays an important role in the response of these populations to climate change, and if so, what mechanisms are involved. Previous works, involving reciprocal sowings suggested the existence of local adaptation in lower elevation populations ofSilene ciliata, a perennial representative of high‐mountain Mediterranean pastures. To determine if this local advantage is due to better adaptation to more intense water stress conditions, an experiment was conducted in whichS. ciliataplants from three populations located at different elevations (Low, Intermediate and High) were subjected to severe artificial water stress. Results showed that plants from the Low population had greater tolerance to water stress than plants from the High population in the earliest stages of water shortage. Furthermore, responses of proteins to specific antibodies related to drought were evaluated. Two representative late‐embryogenesis abundant (LEA) proteins known to play a role in water stress tolerance were expressed throughout the drought treatment in plants from the three populations, with some pattern differences among individuals within populations. This study detected slight evidence of local adaptation to water stress in populations from different elevations.
Comparison of the response to treatment between Asian and Caucasian men with benign prostatic hyperplasia: Long‐term results from the combination of dutasteride and tamsulosin study
Authors: Chung Byung‐Ha , Lee Seung Hwan , Roehrborn Claus G , Siami Paul F , Major‐Walker Kim , Wilson Timothy H , Montorsi Francesco ,   on behalf of the CombAT Study Group
Published: July 2012

AbstractThe Combination of Avodart and Tamsulosin study was a 4‐year, randomized, double‐blind study of the efficacy and safety of dutasteride and tamsulosin, alone or in combination, in men with moderate‐to‐severe benign prostatic hyperplasia. In this post‐hoc investigation, we analyzed primary and secondary end‐points from the Combination of Avodart and Tamsulosin study in Asian (n = 325) and Caucasian men (n = 4259). The incidence of acute urinary retention or benign prostatic hyperplasia‐related surgery did not differ significantly between treatment groups in the Asian subpopulation. In Caucasian men, the incidence of acute urinary retention/benign prostatic hyperplasia‐related surgery was significantly lower in the combination therapy group compared with the tamsulosin monotherapy group (P < 0.001), but not compared with dutasteride monotherapy. Combination therapy significantly increased the time to benign prostatic hyperplasia clinical progression and resulted in improved International Prostate Symptom Score, maximum urinary flow rate, quality of life, and reduced prostate volume in Asian and Caucasian men who received combination therapy compared with tamsulosin monotherapy. Combination therapy also significantly improved (P < 0.05) time to benign prostatic hyperplasia clinical progression, International Prostate Symptom Score, maximum urinary flow rate and quality of life versus dutasteride in the Caucasian subpopulation. The adverse‐event profile was comparable between subpopulations. In conclusion, Asian and Caucasian men respond similarly to these treatments, despite apparent racial differences in 5α‐reductase activity.
Examining the Interplay of Career, Migration and National Cultural Identity: The Case of Indian Scientists
Authors: Cohen Laurie , Duberley Joanne , Ravishankar M.N. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractIn this paper, we examine individuals’ career migration across international borders. It is widely recognized that globalization has fundamental implications for the careers of people across geographical and cultural boundaries. However, our understanding of the interplay of migration, career development and national/cultural identities remains undeveloped within the extant literature. In this paper, we seek to offer insights into this relationship. Focusing on Indian scientists, an occupational group whose careers have long been associated with movement around the world, in this paper we examine these issues. Empirically, we examine three themes: why Indian scientists see international mobility as important in the development of their careers; continued links with India; and the interplay of national/cultural affiliation and respondents’ career experiences. In light of our findings, in the discussion section we argue that considering Indian scientists as a career diaspora highlights three important features that in the main have received only limited attention in the extant literature: career as a social form and process; the notion of the scientific career as a cultural product; and the interrelationship of career and national/cultural affiliation as ongoing facets of individuals’ identities as they develop diasporic careers.
Histamine in brain development
Authors: Molina‐Hernández Anayansi , Díaz Néstor Fabián , Arias‐Montaño José‐Antonio 
Published: July 2012

J. Neurochem. (2012) 122, 872–882.AbstractThe function of histamine in the adult central nervous system has been extensively studied, but data on its actions upon the developing nervous system are still scarce. Herein, we review the available information regarding the possible role for histamine in brain development. Some relevant findings are the existence of a transient histaminergic neuronal system during brain development, which includes serotonergic neurons in the midbrain and the rhombencephalon that coexpress histamine; the high levels of histamine found in several areas of the embryo nervous system at the neurogenic stage; the presence of histaminergic fibers and the expression of histamine receptors in various areas of the developing brain; and the neurogenic and proliferative effects on neural stem cells following histamine H1‐ and H2‐receptor activation, respectively. Altogether, the reviewed information supports a significant role for histamine in brain development and the need for further research in this field.
Deforestation and precipitation patterns in the arid Chaco forests of central Argentina
Authors: Hoyos L.E. , Cingolani A.M. , Zak M.R. , Vaieretti M.V. , Gorla D.E. , Cabido M.R. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractAims(1) to compare two series of precipitation data from different periods (1930–1950 and 1950–2000) in three sectors of the southern dry Chaco in the arid and semi‐arid sub‐regions; (2) construct maps showing the distribution of land‐cover units for 1979, 1999, 2004 and 2010 for the same three sectors; and (3) assess the changes in land‐cover units occurred between 1979 and 2010 in the three sectors.LocationSouthern extreme of the dry Chaco in NE and NW Córdoba Province, central Argentina.MethodsWe compared annual and growth period (November–March) precipitation among the three sectors and between two series of data corresponding to different periods (1930–1950 and 1950–2000) using repeated measures ANOVA, with the station as the subject variable, period as the within‐factor and sector as the between factor. Using three Landsat MSS (1979) and nine Landsat TM (1999, 2004 and 2010) images we mapped the distribution of eight land‐cover units for the whole study area. For each sector (NE, NW and W), we performed a change detection analysis between 1979 and 2010.ResultsThe classification of Landsat MSS and TM images resulted in reliable land‐cover maps (overall accuracy 80%). Our results showed that vegetation cover in the area is highly disturbed and that the present status of vegetation cover differs among the three sectors. In the more humid sector, the land‐cover changes have been dominated by replacement of closed forests by crops, while in the driest portion of the study area forest loss was not related to agriculture. Additionally, we found that significant increases in precipitation have occurred in all three sectors, but the increase was highest in the humid sector.ConclusionsThe differences observed among the three sectors suggest that precipitation may have effectively played a dominant role in the process of forest conversion to agriculture.
COURT‐CONNECTED ADR—A TIME OF CRISIS, A TIME OF CHANGE
Authors: Boyarin Yishai 
Published: July 2012

The report, which is based on the conference titled The Future of Court ADR: Mediation and Beyond co‐sponsored by AFCC, RSI and Marquette and hosted by Marquette, examines the status of court ADR programs—both in the family context as well as the general, civil, one—and challenges faced by them, the primary challenge being the lack of appropriate institutional support needed to run high‐quality court ADR programs. The report attempts to help with cross‐fertilization between these at times disconnected groups, emphasizing new ADR options as they relate to the ever‐evolving use of the mediation process and other Hybrid ADR processes. The report outlines the conference participants' ideas for the future of court‐connected ADR.Key Points for the Family Court Community:
The main challenge faced by court‐connected ADR programs is how to balance between efficiency, fairness and justice. Currently, the overall trend is to over‐emphasize efficiency at the expense of fairness and justice.
ADR programs should include ADR interventions that maximize self‐determination but also provide other ADR interventions that might be more directive and potentially coercive but also more appropriate in some instances.
Where self‐determination is diminished, whether within the ADR process itself or in the manner in which the parties enter into the ADR process, ADR programs and the courts that manage such programs have a duty to ensure that the ADR interventions provide for fairness protections and ensure a just result.
Improved He I emissivities in the case B approximation
Authors: Porter R. L. , Ferland G. J. , Storey P. J. , Detisch M. J. 
Published: July 2012

Abstract
We update our prior work on the case B collisional-recombination spectrum of He i to incorporate ab initio photoionization cross-sections. This large set of accurate, self-consistent cross-sections represents a significant improvement in He i emissivity calculations because it largely obviates the piecemeal nature that has marked all modern works. A second, more recent set of ab initio cross-sections is also available, but we show that those are less consistent with bound-bound transition probabilities than our adopted set. We compare our new effective recombination coefficients with our prior work and our new emissivities with those by other researchers, and we conclude with brief remarks on the effects of the present work on the He i error budget. Our calculations cover temperatures 5000 ≤ Te 25 000 K and densities 101 ≤ ne ≤ 1014 cm−3. Full results are available online (see Supporting Information).
Evaluating Statewide Climate Extremes for the United States
Authors: Shein Karsten A. , Todey Dennis P. , Akyuz F. Adnan , Angel James R. , Kearns Timothy M. , Zdrojewski James L. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractThe NOAA National Climatic Data Center maintains tables for temperature and precipitation extremes in each of the U.S. states. Many of these tables were several years out of date, however, and therefore did not include a number of recent record-setting meteorological observations. Furthermore, there was no formal process for ensuring the currency of the tables or evaluating observations that might tie or break a statewide climate record. This paper describes the evaluation and revision of the statewide climate-extremes tables for all-time maximum and minimum temperature, greatest 24-h precipitation and snowfall, and greatest snow depth (the five basic climate elements observed on a daily basis by the NOAA Cooperative Weather Network). The process resulted in the revision of 40% of the values listed in those tables and underscored both the necessity of manual quality-assurance methods and the importance of continued climate-monitoring and data-rescue activities to ensure that potential record values are not overlooked.
Ultra-steep side facets in multi-faceted SiGe/Si(001) Stranski-Krastanow islands
Authors: Brehm Moritz , Lichtenberger Herbert , Fromherz Thomas , Springholz Gunther 
Published: July 2012

AbstractFor the prototypical Ge/Si(001) system, we show that at high growth temperature a new type of Stranski-Krastanow islands is formed with side facets steeper than {111} and high aspect ratio. Nano-goniometric analysis of the island shapes reveals the presence of six new facet groups in addition to those previously found for dome or barn-shaped islands. Due to the highly multi-faceted island shape and high aspect ratio, the new island types are named "cupola" islands and their steepest {12 5 3} side facet is inclined by 68°to the substrate surface. Assessing the relative stability of the new facets from surface area analysis, we find that their stability is similar to that of {113} and {15 3 23} facets of dome islands. The comparison of the different island shapes shows that they form a hierarchical class of geometrical structures, in which the lower aspect ratio islands of barns, domes and pyramids are directly derived from the cupola islands by successive truncation of the pedestal bases without facet rearrangements. The results underline the key role of surface faceting in the process of island formation, which is as crucial for understanding the island's growth evolution as it is important for device applications.
Role of Capsaicin-Sensitive C-Fiber Afferents in Neuropathic Pain-Induced Synaptic Potentiation in the Nociceptive Amygdala
Authors: Nakao Ayano , Takahashi Yukari , Nagase Masashi , Ikeda Ryo , Kato Fusao 
Published: July 2012

Background: Neurons in the capsular part of the central nucleus of the amygdala (CeC), a region also called “nociceptive amygdala,” receive nociceptive information from the dorsal horn via afferent pathways relayed from the lateral parabrachial nucleus (LPB). As the central amygdala is known to be involved in the acquisition and expression of emotion, this pathway is thought to play central roles in the generation of affective responses to nociceptive inputs. Excitatory synaptic transmission between afferents arising from the LPB and these CeC neurons is potentiated in arthritic, visceral, neuropathic, inflammatory and muscle pain models. In neuropathic pain models following spinal nerve ligation (SNL), in which we previously showed a robust LPB-CeC potentiation, the principal behavioral symptom is tactile allodynia triggered by non-C-fiber low-threshold mechanoreceptor afferents. Conversely, recent anatomical studies have revealed that most of the spinal neurons projecting to the LPB receive C-fiber afferent inputs. Here, we examined the hypothesis that these C-fiber-mediated inputs are necessary for the full establishment of robust synaptic potentiation of LPB-CeC transmission in the rats with neuropathic pain. Results: Postnatal capsaicin treatment, which has been shown to denervate the C-fibers expressing transient receptor potential vanilloid type-1 (TRPV1) channels, completely abolished eye-wiping responses to capsaicin eye instillation in rats, but this treatment did not affect mechanical allodynia in the nerve-ligated animals. However, the postnatal capsaicin treatment prevented LPB-CeC synaptic potentiation after SNL, unlike in the vehicle-treated rats, primarily due to the decreased incidence of potentiated transmission by elimination of TRPV1-expressing C-fiber afferents. Conclusions: C-fiber-mediated afferents in the nerve-ligated animals may be a required facilitator of the establishment of nerve injury-evoked synaptic potentiation in the CeC. These inputs might play essential roles in the chronic pain-induced plastic changes in the central network linking nociception and negative emotion.
Smoking among troops deployed in combat areas and its association with combat exposure among navy personnel in Sri Lanka
Authors: de Silva Varuni Asanka , Jayasekera Nicholas ELW , Hanwella Raveen 
Published: July 2012

Abstract

Background
Among military personnel alcohol consumption and binge-drinking have increased but cigarette smoking has declined in the recent past. Although there is a strong association between smoking and PTSD the association between combat exposure and smoking is not clear.

Methods
This cross sectional study was carried out among representative samples of SLN Special Forces and regular forces deployed in combat areas. Both Special Forces and regular forces were selected using simple random sampling. Only personnel who had served continuously in combat areas during the one year period prior to end of combat operations were included in the study. Females were not included in the sample. The study assessed several mental health outcomes as well as alcohol use, smoking and cannabis use. Sample was classified according to smoking habits as never smokers, past smokers (those who had smoked in the past but not within the past year) and current smokers (those smoking at least one cigarette within the past 12 months).

Results
Sample consisted of 259 Special Forces and 412 regular navy personnel. Prevalence of current smoking was 17.9% (95% CI 14.9-20.8). Of the sample 58.4% had never smoked and 23.7% were past smokers. Prevalence of current smoking was significantly higher among Special Forces personnel compared to regular forces. (OR 1.90 (95% CI 1.20-3.02). Personnel aged ≥35 years had the lowest prevalence of smoking (14.0%). Commissioned officers had a lower prevalence (12.1%) than non commissioned officers or other ranks. After adjustment for demographic variables and service type there was significant association between smoking and combat experiences of seeing dead or wounded [OR 1.79 (95%CI 1.08-2.9)], handling dead bodies [OR 2.47(95%CI 1.6-3.81)], coming under small arms fire [OR 2.01(95%CI 1.28-3.15)] and coming under mortar, missile and artillery fire [OR 2.02(95%CI 1.29-3.17)]. There was significant association between the number of risk events and current smoking [OR 1.22 (95%CI1.11-1.35)].

Conclusions
There was significant association between current smoking and combat experiences. Current smoking was strongly associated with current alcohol use. Prevalence of current smoking was less among military personnel than in the general population. Prevalence of smoking was significantly higher among Special Forces personnel.