bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Complexation of Cd2+ by cysteine at ionic strength of 0.7 m studied by differential pulse polarography
Authors: Vilariño T. , Brandariz I. , Fiol S. , López Fonseca J. , Sastre De Vicente M. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractDifferential pulse polarography (DPP) was used to study the complexation of cadmium by cysteine (CySH) at pH = 7.8 and l = 0.7 M (KNO3), as well as to determine the stability constants of the equilibria Cd2+ + CyS− ⇄ Cd(CyS)+ and Cd(CyS)+ + CyS− ⇄ Cd(CyS)2.
Réactions De P‐Phényl C‐Amino Alkylidenephosphines Avec Les Diazocomposes
Authors: Rahmouni M. , Abbari M. , Carrié R. , Soufiaoui M. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractP‐Phenyl C‐aminophosphaalkenes 1 react with some disubstituted diazocompounds at −20°C leading to tricoordinated phosphorus compounds 2, 9, 11 and 12 via a Staudinger type reaction. These compounds decompose already at room temperature and quickly by heating. Azines are isolated after extrusion of phenyl phosphinidene.
Synthesis of dipeptides containing propargylglycine and 2‐aminopimelic acid
Authors: Auger Geneviève , van Heijenoort Jean , Blanot Didier 
Published: September 2010

AbstractTwo dipeptides containing antibacterial amino acids, 2‐aminopimelic acid (Apm) and propargylglycine (Pra), were synthesized: L‐Pra‐ambo‐Apm (1) and ambo‐Apm‐L‐Pra (2). 1 was easily obtained from the protected derivative resulting from the coupling (carbodiimide method) of Boc‐L‐Pra‐OH with H‐ambo‐Apm(OBu1)‐OBu1. For 2, we followed a synthesis scheme in which the e‐carboxyl group of Apm was unprotected: after the coupling of Boc‐rac‐Apm‐N3 with H‐L‐Pra‐OBu1, mild acidolytic treatment afforded the desired dipeptide. 2 displayed weak antibacterial activity against some species.
Studies in the azole series. CIII. adamantyl and halogeno pyrazolin‐5‐ones
Authors: Cabildo Pilar , Claramunt Rosa M , Elguero José , Foces‐Foces Concepción , Llamas‐Saiz Antonio L. , Cano Fé Lix H. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractNine new pyrazolinones are described together with the crystal structure of one of them, namely 3‐(4‐chloropyrazol‐1‐yl)‐4,4‐dichloro‐2‐pyrazolin‐5‐one, 8, which has been solved, by X‐ray crystallography. The molecule is planar since it lies on a mirror plane and packs first in chains through hydrogen bonds, then in sheets through strong Cl…O interactions. An NMR study in the solid state and in solution proves that the major tautomer is the 3‐pyrazolin‐5‐one c..
Synthèse de 1,2,3‐Triazolines par Cycloaddition Dipolaire‐1,3 de Diazoalcanes à des Esters D'Oximes
Authors: Perrocheau J. , Carrié R. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractOximino‐cyanacetic or malonesters 1, 2, 3 and 4 lead with diazoalcanes RCHN2 (R = H, CH3 Ph) to 1,2,3‐triazolines. These triazolines present a low stability, however they are obtained crystallized with good yields They are fully characterized and orientation of the cycloaddition is established.
AMINOACIDES, PEPTIDES ET CHIMIE HETEROCYCLIQUE
Authors: Guibourdenche C. , Lazaro R. , Ma S. , Roumestant M. L. , Tabcheh M. F. , Viallefont P. H. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractIn this report the importance of heterocycles in amino acid and peptide chemistry is pointed out. Neuroexcitatory amino acids, kainic acid, quisqualic acid, of which new syntheses are given, are representative examples of the role of the heterocycle in the recognition of receptor sites. It is also shown that a heterocyclic structure can replace advantageously a peptide turn. The synthesis of a functionnalized diazepinone, a γ‐turn mimetic, is described
REACTIONS D'OXIMES O‐& AVEC DEUX YLURES D'AZOMETHINE
Authors: Perrocheau J. , Carrié R. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractTo test the possibility of invertomere formation in a 1,3‐dipolar cycloaddition to a CN double bond, we have studied the reaction of oximino‐malodinitrile, oximino‐cyanacetic and malonesters 5, 6 and 7 with nitrones, a nitrile oxide and two azomethine ylides. Only the azomethine ylides react with the double bond. Unfortunately the nitrogen inversion barrier in the imidazolidines obtained is not sufficient to show the stereospecificity of the 1,3‐dipolar cycloaddition to CN double bond.
COOPERATIVE CATALYSIS of ENOLIZATION BY PROTON DONORS AND ACCEPTORS. SELECTIVE α,α,α′‐TRICHLORINATION OF 3‐PENTANONE AND RELATED KETONES WITH “ACTIVATED” SULFURYL CHLORIDE
Authors: Buyck Laurent De , Detienne Guido , Boelens Mark 
Published: September 2010

AbstractNormally 3‐pentanone reacts with boiling sulfuryl chloride to yield a mixture of dichlorinated compounds. The production of 2,2,4‐trichloro‐3‐pentanone (97% selectivity; 88–93% yield) can be promoted by the catalytic combination of a soluble strong acid and its salt with an organic base. Using chlorosulfonic acid or p‐toluenesulfonic acid (82 mmol/mol ketone) combined with N,N‐dimethyloctylamine or N‐formylmorpholine (50 mmol) the trichlorination step was reached after less than 6h at 97°C. Each additive alone gave a poor result. The trichlorination can be accomplished in 1h at 60–70°C with chlorine and some excess of dimethylformamide, but the catalytic procedure is advantageous for its practical convenience and for avoiding DMF.HCI as a waste.
STUDIES ON MACROCYCLIC DITERPENOIDS(XIV) ‐ A Novel Total SYNTHESIS OF (±)‐S‐M
Authors: Yue Xiangjun , Li Yulin 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThe total synthesis of (±)‐sarcophytol‐M, a marine cembranol, was achieved from E,E‐farnesol through seven steps by using an intramolecular nucleophilic addition of a sulfur‐stabilized carbanion to a ketone as the key step.
STUDIES ON THE PRENYLFLAVONOIDS PART VII. SYNTHESIS OF ANTIARONE‐F
Authors: Zhao Lianyun , Zhang Fangjie , Li Yulin 
Published: September 2010

AbstractAntiarone‐F has been prepared by the condensation of 2‐hydroxy‐4,6‐dimethoxymethoxyacetophenone with 3,4‐dimethoxy‐2‐prenylbenzaldehyde followed by cyclization and demethoxymethylation.
Asymmetric Phase‐Transfer‐Catalyzed Intramolecular N‐Alkylation of Indoles and Pyrroles: A Combined Experimental and Theoretical Investigation
Authors: Bandini Marco , Bottoni Andrea , Eichholzer Astrid , Miscione Gian Pietro , Stenta Marco 
Published: September 2010

AbstractAsymmetric phase‐transfer catalysis (PTC) has risen to prominence over the last decade as a straightforward synthetic methodology for the preparation of pharmacologically active compounds in enantiomerically pure form. However, the complex interplay of weak nonbonded interactions (between catalyst and substrate) that could account for the stereoselection in these processes is still unclear, with tentative pictorial mechanistic representations usually proposed. Here we present a full account dealing with the enantioselective phase‐transfer‐catalyzed intramolecular aza‐Michael reaction (IMAMR) of indolyl esters, as a valuable synthetic tool to obtain added‐value compounds, such as dihydro‐pyrazinoindolinones. A combined computational and experimental investigation has been carried out to elucidate the key mechanistic aspects of this process.
A Radical Polymer as a Two‐Dimensional Organic Half Metal
Authors: Lee Eun Cheol , Choi Young Cheol , Kim Woo Youn , Singh N. Jiten , Lee Sik , Shim Ji Hoon , Kim Kwang S. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractGiven that half‐metals are promising futuristic materials for spintronics, organic materials showing half‐metal character are highly desirable for spintronic devices, not only owing to their weak spin‐orbit and hyperfine interactions, but also their light and flexible properties. We predict that a two‐dimensional organic 2,4,6‐tri‐(1,3,5‐triazinyl)methyl radical polymer has half‐metallic properties as well as a spontaneous magnetic ordering at ambient temperature. The quantum transmission is studied based on the nonequilibrium Green function theory coupled with density functional theory. The half‐metallic property in the triazine‐based polymer depends mainly on the nature of the p‐band in contrast to of conventional half metals in which the nature of the d‐band is more important.
Ring Opening of Pymisyl‐Protected Aziridines with Organocuprates
Authors: Bornholdt Jan , Felding Jakob , Clausen Rasmus P. , Kristensen Jesper L. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThe pyrimidine‐2‐sulfonyl (pymisyl) group is introduced as a new protecting group that can be used to activate aziridines towards ring opening. It is readily introduced and removed under mild conditions. Regioselective ring opening of pymisyl‐protected 2‐methyl‐aziridine with organocuprates gives the corresponding sulfonamides in high yields, and the pymisyl group can subsequently be removed upon treatment with a thiolate. The versatility of this new nitrogen protecting group is illustrated with a new synthesis of Selegiline, a monoamine oxidase‐B inhibitor marketed for the treatment of Parkinson’s disease.
Progress toward the first observation of parity violation in chiral molecules by high‐resolution laser spectroscopy
Authors: Darquié Benoît , Stoeffler Clara , Shelkovnikov Alexander , Daussy Christophe , Amy‐Klein Anne , Chardonnet Christian , Zrig Samia , Guy Laure , Crassous Jeanne , Soulard Pascale , Asselin Pierre , Huet Thérèse R. , Schwerdtfeger Peter , Bast Radovan , Saue Trond 
Published: September 2010

AbstractParity violation (PV) effects in chiral molecules have so far never been experimentally observed. To take up this challenge, a consortium of physicists, chemists, theoreticians, and spectroscopists has been established and aims at measuring PV energy differences between two enantiomers by using high‐resolution laser spectroscopy. In this article, we present our common strategy to reach this goal, the progress accomplished in the diverse areas, and point out directions for future PV observations. The work of André Collet on bromochlorofluoromethane (1) enantiomers, their synthesis, and their chiral recognition by cryptophanes made feasible the first generation of experiments presented in this article. Chirality, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A transcriptional network signature characterizes lung cancer subtypes
Authors: Chang Hsun‐Hsien , Dreyfuss Jonathan M. , Ramoni Marco F. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractBACKGROUND:Transcriptional networks play a central role in cancer development. The authors described a systems biology approach to cancer classification based on the reverse engineering of the transcriptional network surrounding the 2 most common types of lung cancer: adenocarcinoma (AC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC).METHODS:A transcriptional network classifier was inferred from the molecular profiles of 111 human lung carcinomas. The authors tested its classification accuracy in 7 independent cohorts, for a total of 422 subjects of Caucasian, African, and Asian descent.RESULTS:The model for distinguishing AC from SCC was a 25‐gene network signature. Its performance on the 7 independent cohorts achieved 95.2% classification accuracy. Even more surprisingly, 95% of this accuracy was explained by the interplay of 3 genes (KRT6A, KRT6B, KRT6C) on a narrow cytoband of chromosome 12. The role of this chromosomal region in distinguishing AC and SCC was further confirmed by the analysis of another group of 28 independent subjects assayed by DNA copy number changes. The copy number variations of bands 12q12, 12q13, and 12q12‐13 discriminated these samples with 84% accuracy.CONCLUSIONS:These results suggest the existence of a robust signature localized in a relatively small area of the genome, and show the clinical potential of reverse engineering transcriptional networks from molecular profiles. Cancer 2011. © 2010 American Cancer Society.
Ammonia‐Solvated Ammonium Species in the NH4‐ZSM‐5 Zeolite
Authors: Bonelli Barbara , Armandi Marco , Areán Carlos O. , Garrone Edoardo 
Published: September 2010

AbstractInteraction of gaseous ammonia with a NH4‐ZSM‐5 zeolite (Si/Al=11.5) was studied by means of infrared (IR) spectroscopy both at constant ambient temperature and in the temperature range 373–573 K. H‐bonding of NH3 molecules to the NH4+ species takes place. The interaction is weak and reversible, resembling a solvation process. Spectral evidence shows that only one NH moiety is actually available, indicating that ammonium ions are tricoordinated to the zeolite inner surface. H‐bonded NH3 has an absorption band at 1712 cm−1, which grows with increasing pressure in two steps: a monosolvated ammonium species is initially formed, evolving to a disolvated species for pressures above 5 mbar. Coordination of the second NH3 molecule takes place at the already coordinated NH3 molecule and not at the ammonium cation. From the changes in intensity of the 1712 cm−1 band with changing temperature under a moderate NH3 equilibrium pressure, the calculated standard enthalpy and entropy of the monosolvation reaction were ΔH0=−34(±5) kJ mol−1 and ΔS0=−88(±10) J mol−1 K−1, respectively. The enthalpy of the second solvation step was calculated from the corresponding equilibrium constant under the assumption of (nearly) the same entropy change for both solvation processes. In agreement with the overall picture, this enthalpy change is small (−15 kJ mol−1 at the most). Since in a previous work (M. Armandi, B. Bonelli, I. Bottero, C. O. Areán, E. Garrone, J. Phys. Chem. C 2010, 114, 6658) the thermodynamic features of the reaction between bare Brønsted acid sites and NH3 yielding NH4+ species were determined, the data reported herein allow the study of the coexistence of different species in the NH3/H‐ZSM‐5 zeolite system: 1) unreacted acid Brønsted sites, 2) bare ammonium ions, and 3) variously solvated ammonium species. The relevant description is particularly simple when the overall average coverage is one molecule per site.
Lignin as Renewable Raw Material
Authors: Calvo‐Flores Francisco García , Dobado José A. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractLignin is by far the most abundant substance based on aromatic moieties in nature, and the largest contributor to soil organic matter. Millions of tonnes of several lignin preparations are produced by the paper industry every year, and a minimal amount of lignin is isolated by direct extraction of lignin from plants. Lignin is used either directly or chemically modified, as a binder, dispersant agent for pesticides, emulsifier, heavy metal sequestrant, or component for composites and copolymers. For value‐added applications of lignin to be improved, medium‐ and long‐term conversion technologies must be developed, especially for the preparation of low‐molecular‐weight compounds as an alternative to the petrochemical industry.
Treatment of childhood sexual abuse in anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa: A feminist psychodynamic approach
Authors: Kearney‐Cooke Ann , Striegel‐Moore Ruth H. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractIn this article a parallel is drawn between the psychological problems experienced by victims of childhood sexual abuse and by clients with eating disorders. In particular, we describe how sexual abuse has a significant and lasting effect on body image, identity, self‐regulation, and interpersonal functioning. Treatment issues are outlined including the nature of the healing relationship, assessment of abuse, development of capacity for self‐soothing, techniques for assisting in memory recall, sculpting of images, description and reenactment of abuse, dealing with shame, and ending the cycle of repeated victimization.
Repeated binge/purge cycles in bulimia nervosa: Role of glucose and insulin
Authors: Johnson William G. , Jarrell Mark P. , Chupurdia Kimberly M. , Williamson Donald A. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThe available data indicate that over half of patients with bulimia nervosa binge and purge daily with repetitions of the binge/purge cycle being common. An understanding of the biobehavioral mechanisms associated with frequent binge/purge cycles may aid the general conceptualization of bulimia nervosa including its development and maintenance. Binging and purging have demonstrable physiological effects that may be partially responsible for the repetition of binge/purge episodes. In the present study, the cephalic phase oversecretion of insulin and high insulin levels subsequent to purging were investigated as possible mediators of repeated binging and purging. Insulin and glucose levels of bulimic and nonbulimic women were measured in response to: thinking about food, the presence of food, while eating, and for the bulimic group, after purging. Bulimic subjects displayed a dramatic reduction in both insulin and glucose after purging the test meal. When these same subjects ate a subsequent meal that was not purged, they displayed elevations in insulin and glucose similar to those of the normal controls. The hypoglycemia resulting from purging appears to be partially responsible for the continuation of repeated binge/purge episodes.
Validation of the eating disorders inventory in a nonclinical population using transformed and untransformed responses
Authors: Schoemaker Casper , van Strien Tatjana , van der Staak Cees 
Published: September 2010

AbstractIn the present study, the validity of the Eating Disorder Inventory (EDI) in a Dutch nonclinical female school population was established. The data were analyzed in two ways. In the first analyses, the factorial integrity of the questionnaire, and the internal consistencies of the subscales were not found to be very satisfactory. The data showed an impressive lack of variability. It was suggested by the authors that in a nonclinical population the variability of the EDI data is being suppressed as a result of the fact that, in concordance with the manual, the original 6‐point EDI items were transformed into 4‐point items. In the second analyses, this item transformation was ejected. The psychometric properties of all EDI subscales in the present study improved. Implications for the use of the untransformed EDI as a screening instrument were discussed.
An investigation of the effects of mass distribution on pounding structures
Authors: Cole Gregory , Dhakal Rajesh , Carr Athol , Bull Des 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThe effects of diaphragm mass distribution are investigated for building pounding. Elastic diaphragm‐to‐diaphragm collisions are explained by considering the total momentum over the length of each diaphragm at three critical instants during collision. Expressions for collision force and collision duration are produced, providing additional information about the collision process. Equations for the post collision velocity of each diaphragm are produced and are found to appreciably differ from conventional impact—momentum equations under certain conditions. The change in post collision velocity is found to be dependent on the ratio of the axial periods of free vibration of the two diaphragms and the ratio of their masses. An equivalent lumped mass model is proposed and assessed against simplified distributed mass models with numerical modelling of two two‐storey buildings. Finally, a new parameter is introduced to represent the plasticity of an inelastic collision between the two distributed masses. This paper highlights the significant influence that diaphragm mass distribution may have on the analysis of pounding structures. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Dynamic morphology of small south‐eastern Mediterranean river mouths: a conceptual model
Authors: Lichter Michal , Klein Micha , Zviely Dov 
Published: September 2010

AbstractRiver mouths along the Israeli Mediterranean coast are characterized by a dynamic morphology as their channels migrate hundreds of meters along the coast. This study examines the dynamic morphology of seven such river mouths. It offers a conceptual model aimed at generalizing and describing their spatial and temporal morphological patterns, and the environmental factors influencing them.The study methodology comprised a detailed monitoring and mapping by GIS techniques, with quantitative data derived from historic aerial photographs, river discharge records, wave measurements, and a digital elevation model. These data were incorporated into a homogenous database and subsequently applied in the investigation of the morphological patterns of these mouths, and the analysis of their influencing factors.River mouths in this study occur in two distinctive topographic settings. In one setting (here termed barrier topography) the river mouth is deflected alongshore by a sandy barrier. In the second setting (termed funnel topography) the river mouth is confined to a funnel‐shaped topographic depression perpendicular to the coast. The behavior of river mouths in these two settings is quite distinctive. Barrier mouths usually migrate over larger distances, as they tend to deflect along a sand barrier and establish semi‐permanent channels along the dune toe. This enables the wide range migration of semi‐permanent channels over decades. Funnel topography mouths deflect over shorter distances and they rapidly migrate within the funnel boundaries.This study concludes that the topographic setting of the beach, a constant element in the temporal scale of this study, is the primary influencing factor on the morphology of the mouths studied. The influence of other factors on the morphology of these mouths differs in space and time and depends on the topographic settings.
Critical social theory: Core tenets, inherent issues
Authors: Freeman Melissa , Vasconcelos Erika França S. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThis chapter outlines the core tenets of critical social theory and describes inherent issues facing evaluators conducting critical theory evaluation. Using critical pedagogy as an example, the authors describe the issues facing evaluators by developing four of the subtheories that comprise a critical social theory: (a) a theory of false consciousness, (b) a theory of crisis, (c) a theory of education, and (d) a theory of transformative action. They conclude by advocating for more, not less, attention being paid to a critical theory approach in evaluation. © Wiley Periodicals, Inc., and the American Evaluation Association.
Against the majoritarian story of school reform: The Comer schools evaluation as a critical race counternarrative
Authors: Noblit George W. , Jay Michelle 
Published: September 2010

AbstractCritical race theory (CRT) is a relatively new theory that has been little used in evaluation practice. The authors explore an example of critical race evaluation working with James Comer's School Development Program. In this evaluation common tropes associated with CRT were used to construct a counternarrative of school reform. The authors conclude that CRT has a place in evaluation, but that it also makes some demands on evaluators and those being evaluated that may make it less likely to be used than other theories. © Wiley Periodicals, Inc., and the American Evaluation Association.
Roadmap for the next generation of dynamic function allocation theories and strategies
Authors: Lagu Amit V. , Landry Steven J. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractDynamic function allocation theories have matured, but not to the extent that they can be implemented in actual environments. The authors identify a roadmap to help to get to that stage, after a brief review of relevant function allocation theories and the gaps in knowledge in adaptive allocation theories. Past research has focused on short‐term implementations of dynamic function allocation, which last for minutes (but never more than a few hours). Stable and enduring implementations of dynamic function allocation, lasting over days or possibly years, require a better and scientific understanding of the interaction among trigger mechanisms, adaptation strategies, and interruption strategies. The possibility of an unintentional consequence of this adaptive allocation, that the automated agent becomes confined to limited levels of automation, has to be ruled out after experimental evidence. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.