bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification of altered MicroRNA expression patterns in synovial sarcoma
Authors: Hisaoka Masanori , Matsuyama Atsuji , Nagao Yuichi , Luan Lan , Kuroda Toshihiko , Akiyama Hideo , Kondo Satoshi , Hashimoto Hiroshi 
Published: December 2010

AbstractMicroRNAs (miRNAs) are noncoding small RNAs that function as an endogenous regulator of gene expression. Their dysregulation has been implicated in the development of several cancers. However, the status of miRNA in soft tissue sarcomas has not yet been thoroughly investigated. This study examined the global miRNA expression in synovial sarcoma and compared the results to those in another translocation‐associated sarcoma, the Ewing family of tumors, and in normal skeletal muscle. The 3D‐Gene miRNA microarray platform (Toray, Kamakura, Japan) and unsupervised hierarchical clustering revealed a distinct expression pattern of miRNAs in synovial sarcoma from Ewing tumors and skeletal muscle. Thirty‐five of the more than 700 miRNAs analyzed were differentially expressed in synovial sarcomas in comparison to other tissue types. There were 21 significantly up‐regulated miRNAs, including some miRNAs, such as let‐7e, miR‐99b, and miR‐125a‐3p, clustered within the same chromosomal loci. Quantitative reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction also demonstrated that these miRNAs were over‐expressed in synovial sarcomas. The down‐regulation of let‐7e and miR‐99b by anti‐miR miRNA inhibitors resulted in the suppression of the proliferation of synovial sarcoma cells, and modulated the expression of their putative targets, HMGA2 and SMARCA5, suggesting that these molecules have a potential oncogenic role. The unique miRNA expression pattern including the over‐expressed miRNA clusters in synovial sarcoma warrants further investigation to develop a better understanding of the oncogenic mechanisms and future therapeutic strategies for synovial sarcoma. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Dissociation between manipulation and conceptual knowledge of object use in the supramarginalis gyrus
Authors: Pelgrims Barbara , Olivier Etienne , Andres Michael 
Published: December 2010

AbstractBecause tool naming activates motor‐related areas in the posterior parietal cortex, it has been suggested that conceptual knowledge of tools relies on their unique manipulation patterns. However, this view is questioned by the finding that some patients impaired in retrieving manipulation knowledge of man‐made objects are still able to perform conceptual judgments on them. To address this issue, we used repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) to interfere with the functioning of the anterior part of the right or left supramarginalis gyrus (SMG), a region critically involved in object‐directed actions. rTMS was delivered in healthy participants performing four judgment tasks designed to explore different aspects of manipulation and conceptual knowledge of man‐made objects. The two manipulation judgment tasks consisted in determining whether (1) two objects displayed on a computer screen are normally used by adopting a comparable hand posture, or (2) a given hand posture is appropriate to use an object. In the two conceptual judgment tasks, subjects had to decide whether (1) two objects displayed on the computer screen are normally used in the same context or (2) they are functionally related. We found that virtual lesions of left SMG interfere only with the performance of the manipulation judgment task in which subjects had to decide whether two different objects are used by adopting the same hand posture, all the other tasks being unaltered. rTMS applied over the right SMG had no effect. These results challenge the assumption that conceptual knowledge of tools is grounded upon motor representations. Hum Brain Mapp, 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Sustained torpidity following multi‐dose administration of 3‐iodothyronamine in mice
Authors: Ju Hyunwoo , So Hyekyoung , Ha Kyungbong , Park Kyoungsook , Lee Ju‐Woon , Chung Chan‐Moon , Choi Inho 
Published: December 2010

AbstractDespite significant medical benefits as in space exploration or emergency care, prolonged torpidity of non‐hibernator mammals remains unexplored to date. Here, we report that male Institute of Cancer Research mice could sustain two separate 2‐day torpor bouts and maintain body temperature of 28–33°C following repeated treatments of 3‐iodothyronamine (T1AM), a natural derivative of thyroid hormone. A 1‐day interbout arousal period, adopted to mimic the behavior of true hibernators, seemed critical for the subjects to restore physiological homeostasis. Molecular studies of neuron‐specific enolase, S100 calcium binding protein B and heat shock protein 72 suggested that the brain maintains functional and cytoprotective activities during sustained torpidity. Together, the results of this study propose a practical protocol using a torpor‐arousal cycle that can be applied to the extreme medical situations. J. Cell. Physiol. 226: 853–858, 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
An integrated spectroscopic approach to investigate pigments and engobes on pre‐Roman pottery
Authors: De Benedetto Giuseppe E. , Nicolì Silvia , Pennetta Antonio , Rizzo Daniela , Sabbatini Luigia , Mangone Annarosa 
Published: December 2010

AbstractPainted Canosa ceramics were examined to identify the nature of the pigments employed and their manufacturing technology. A multi‐technique approach was used, comprising Raman microspectroscopy and laser ablation hyphenated to inductively coupled plasma‐mass spectrometry (LA‐ICP‐MS). The analysed samples were mainly produced for burial in tombs and were not intended for everyday use. They belong to the period between the end of the mid‐7th century and the first half of the 4th century BC, and were excavated from the Toppicelli archaeological district near the suburbs of Canosa (Puglia, Italy). Forty‐eight pottery fragments were available for this study. No handling of the samples was required for the Raman study, and it was possible to excise the pigmented layer in such a way that the lacunae were not distinguishable to the naked eye due to the micrometric size of the laser spot as far as LA‐ICP‐MS is concerned. Their combination turned out to be quite useful for the investigation of these archaeological materials: the chemical nature of the white, red, brown and black pigments employed in the pottery manufacture was investigated. Iron and manganese compounds were identified as the red and brown/black main colouring substances, respectively; on the other hand, whites and engobes (whitish slips) were based on kaolinite. This set of colouring substances is of importance, as it enabled the artisan to obtain in one oxidising firing cycle brown, black and red paints. Finally, the finding of manganese black in these Canosa potsherds confirms that Canosa was an important centre connecting the near East to central Italy and Europe since the pre‐Roman age. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Orientation of sp2 carbon nanoclusters in ion‐implanted polymethylmethacrylate as revealed by polarized Raman spectroscopy
Authors: Ivanov Victor G. , Hadjichristov Georgi B. 
Published: December 2010

AbstractRaman spectroscopy is widely used for the characterization of bonding type in carbon‐based materials, including carbonized surface layer in ion‐implanted polymers. Studies of the polarization properties of Raman scattering from amorphous carbonaceous materials, however, are very scarce. In this paper, we investigate the polarized Raman spectra of polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) implanted with 50‐keV Si+ ions at fluences in the range 3.2 × 1014–1.0 × 1017 ions/cm2 and for different visible excitation wavelengths. The spectra of the implanted samples are dominated by the D‐ and G‐bands of sp2 carbon, which evidence strong carbonization of the ion‐modified layer. The multiwavelength excitation allowed us to resonantly probe the depolarization ratios for sp2 clusters of different sizes. We established that the depolarization ratio ρG of the G‐band correlates with the sp2 cluster size approaching the random orientation limit of 0.75 for the smallest clusters and a limiting value of 0.41 for the largest clusters. The experimental findings give evidence for a preferable orientation of the larger size clusters with their hexagonal planes perpendicular to the surface of the sample. A plausible explanation for such an arrangement is that the sp2 clusters form tile‐like arrangements along the ion tracks. This finding may give clues for understanding of the strong transconductance of the ion‐modified layer, and open prospects for the application of polarized Raman spectroscopy as a characterization tool for surface morphology in ion‐implanted materials. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Microwave‐assisted extraction and in situ clean‐up for the determination of fluoroquinolone antibiotics in chicken breast muscle by LC‐MS/MS
Authors: Xu Haoyan , Chen Ligang , Sun Lei , Sun Xin , Du Xiaobo , Wang Jian , Wang Tianyi , Zeng Qinglei , Wang Hui , Xu Yang , Zhang Xiaopan , Ding Lan 
Published: December 2010

AbstractA new method was developed for the determination of six fluoroquinolone antibiotics including fleroxacin, levofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, lomfloxacin, enrofloxacin, and sparfloxacin in chicken breast muscle, in which the extraction and clean‐up were performed in one step by microwave irradiation. The mixture of ACN containing 0.3% v/v phosphoric acid/water pH 3 (70:30, v/v) was used as the extraction solution and hexane was used as the clean‐up solution. The extract was analyzed by liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry system. The RSDs of intra‐ and inter‐day obtained are in the range of 1.0–10.4 and 3.8–13.6%, respectively. In the three fortified levels of chicken breast muscle (20, 100, and 500 ng/g), the recoveries of fluoroquinolone antibiotics ranging from 66.0 to 97.2% are obtained. The LODs are in the range of 2.7–6.7 ng/g. This method simplifies the process of the sample preparation and reduces the operation errors.
Optimisation of ultra‐performance LC conditions using response surface methodology for rapid separation and quantitative determination of phenolic compounds in Artemisia minor
Authors: Zhou Yan , Fung‐Kei Choi Franky , He Zhi Zhou , Song Jing‐Zheng , Qiao Chun‐Feng , Liu Xin , Ding Li‐Sheng , Gesang Suo‐Lang , Xu Hong‐Xi 
Published: December 2010

AbstractA method that couples rapid, sensitive, reproducible and accurate ultra‐performance LC (UPLC) with quadrupole‐TOF‐MS was established for the first simultaneous qualitative and quantitative analysis of phenolic compounds in Artemisia minor. Box–Behnken designs (BBDs) were applied as an effective tool to optimise major parameters that influence the resolution of UPLC, including three gradient steps and column temperature. Under optimal UPLC conditions, a total of 23 phenolic compounds in the crude methanol extracts of A. minor were well separated on a Waters Acquity UPLC BEH C18 column (100×2.1 mm, 1.7 μm particle size) within 16.5 min, and the compounds were unequivocally or tentatively identified via comparisons with authentic standards and literature. In this study, a total of six major phenolic compounds were quantified in A. minor and the method was validated to be sensitive, precise and accurate within the LOD from 1.24 to 5.27 μg/mL, and the overall intra‐ and inter‐day variations in detection were less than 3.76%. The recovery of the method ranged from 97.9 to 103.8% with RSDs that were less than 5.8%. These results demonstrate that this approach has the potential for quality control of A. minor and other Tibetan herbal medicines.
Development of metastatic HER2+ breast cancer is independent of the adaptive immune system
Authors: Ciampricotti Metamia , Vrijland Kim , Hau Cheei‐Sing , Pemovska Tea , Doornebal Chris W , Speksnijder Ewoud N , Wartha Katharina , Jonkers Jos , de Visser Karin E 
Published: December 2010

AbstractThe tumour‐modulating effects of the endogenous adaptive immune system are rather paradoxical. Whereas some clinical and experimental observations offer compelling evidence for the existence of immunosurveillance, other studies have revealed promoting effects of the adaptive immune system on primary cancer development and metastatic disease. We examined the functional significance of the adaptive immune system as a regulator of spontaneous HER2+ breast tumourigenesis and pulmonary metastasis formation, using the MMTV–NeuT mouse model in which mammary carcinogenesis is induced by transgenic expression of the activated HER2/neu oncogene. Although T and B lymphocytes infiltrate human and experimental HER2+ breast tumours, genetic elimination of the adaptive immune system does not affect development of premalignant hyperplasias or primary breast cancers. In addition, we demonstrate that pulmonary metastasis formation in MMTV–NeuT mice is not dependent on the adaptive immune system. Thus, our findings reveal that spontaneous HER2‐driven mammary tumourigenesis and metastasis formation are neither suppressed, nor altered by immunosurveillance mechanisms, nor promoted by the adaptive immune system. Copyright © 2011 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A combined quantum mechanical and experimental approach towards chiral diketopiperazine hydroperoxides
Authors: Argyrakis Wassiliki , Köppl Christoph , Werner Hans‐Joachim , Frey Wolfgang , Baro Angelika , Laschat Sabine 
Published: December 2010

AbstractIn order to improve hydroperoxide formation from heterocyclic compounds relating to the formation rate and to allow a suitable choice of starting materials for autoxidation, theoretical studies on a set of different amino acid‐derived diketopiperazines and pyrazinoquinazolines were carried out. To estimate their reactivity towards hydroperoxide formation, bond dissociation enthalpies (BDEs) of tertiary α‐CH bonds as well as reaction enthalpies to the corresponding hydroperoxides were calculated at the B3LYP/TZVP and RMP2/aug‐cc‐pVTZ level of theory. The Evans–Polanyi relation was then used to correlate substrate reactivity with calculated BDEs. Thermal and zero point vibrational energy (ZPE) corrections were determined in the classical harmonic oscillator‐rigid rotor‐particle in a box model. While for the investigated set of diketopiperazines BDEs of 318.8–327.0 kJ mol−1 were found, BDEs for pyrazinoquinazolines spread between 248.4 and 368.4 kJ mol−1 at the B3LYP/TZVP level of theory. A selected subset of heterocycles was converted to the corresponding hydroperoxides and the diketopiperazines were obtained in up to 39% yield after 5–7 days, whereas the pyrazinoquinazoline hydroperoxides were isolated in up to 67% yield after 24 h. Thus, replacing an amido moiety in an N‐aryl‐imino moiety when using pyrazinoquinazolines instead of diketopiperazines leads indeed to an improved captodative stabilization of the radical intermediate. Furthermore the theoretical calculations allowed a distinctive forecast of the preferred regioisomeric hydroperoxide. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Regiospecific naphthyl nitration of 5,10,15,20‐tetranaphthylporphyrin
Authors: Li Jun , Raabe Gerhard , Yang Gao‐mai , Duan Ming‐yue , Mele Giuseppe , Zhang Feng‐xing 
Published: December 2010

AbstractThe nitration reaction of 5,10,15,20‐tetranaphthylporphyrin (TNP) was investigated in detail and the mono‐, di‐, and tri‐nitro‐TNPs were synthesized in high yield using 65% HNO3. The 1H‐NMR study shows that the preferred site of nitration of the naphthyl substituted porphyrin is the carbon atom of the meso‐substituents para to its bond to the porphyrin ring. The reaction leads to exquisite regioselectivity in favor of the mono, di, and tri‐nitro‐TNP. Quantum‐chemical ab initio calculations at different levels of theory were performed in order to explain the experimentally observed reactivity. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Synthesis and chiroptical properties of chiral binaphthyl‐containing polyfluorene derivatives
Authors: Liu Zi‐Tong , Huang Yi‐Yong , Li Yong , He Yan‐Mei , Fan Qing‐Hua 
Published: December 2010

AbstractNew chiral binaphthyl‐containing polyfluorene (PF) derivatives, PFOH, PFMOM, and PFP, bearing different binaphthyl units ((S)‐2,2′‐bis(methoxymethoxy)‐1,1′‐binaphthyl for PFMOM, (S)‐1,1′‐binaphthyl‐2,2′‐diol for PFOH, and (S)‐2,2′‐bis(diphenylphosphinyl)‐1,1′‐binaphthyl for PFP) in the backbone have been designed and synthesized through Pd‐catalyzed Suzuki polycondensation. Their properties have been investigated in detail by 1H NMR, 13C NMR, TGA, DSC, UV–vis, photoluminescence (in solutions, in thin films before and after annealing), and circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopic methods compared with poly(9,9‐dihexylfluorene‐2,7‐diyl) (PF). The resulting copolymers possessed excellent solubility in organic solvents and emitted strong blue light. The phosphine oxide‐containing copolymers PFP and PFMOM exhibited higher quantum yields and better thermal spectral stability in comparison with PF. All the copolymers exhibited obviously the linearly polarized photoluminescent properties both in solutions and in solid states. High emission polarization ratios (RPL) of PFP were observed with no obvious decrease upon thermal annealing. In addition, investigation of the CD spectroscopic properties of these copolymers in THF solutions indicated that the chirality of the binaphthyls could be transferred to the whole PF backbone. All these results demonstrated that introduction of the chiral binaphthyls, particularly BINAPO, into the backbone could effectively improve the performances of the copolymers. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem, 2011
Going global in physical therapist education: International service‐learning in US‐based programmes
Authors: Pechak Celia , Thompson Mary 
Published: December 2010

AbstractBackground and Purpose. Internationalization is expanding its presence in higher education in the United States. Reflecting this trend that includes incorporating global perspectives in the curricula, physical therapist education programmes increasingly offer international opportunities such as International Service‐Learning (ISL) to their students. Service‐learning, a teaching strategy that integrates community service with structured learning activities, has gained broad acceptance in health professions education including physical therapy, and is therefore the focus of this paper. The specific purposes of this paper were to identify and analyse the commonalities that existed among established ISL programmes within physical therapist education programmes in terms of structures and processes, and to consider its broader implications for physical therapist education. Methods. A descriptive, exploratory study was performed using grounded theory. Snowball and purposive, theoretical sampling yielded 14 faculty members with experience in international service, international learning or ISL in physical therapist education programmes. Faculty were interviewed by phone. Interview transcriptions and course documents were analysed applying grounded theory methodology. Data from eight programmes which met the operational definition of established ISL were used to address the purposes of this paper. Results. Five phases of establishing an ISL programme were identified: development, design, implementation, evaluation, and enhancement. Although no single model exists for ISL in physical therapist education; commonalities in structures and processes were identified in each phase. However, attention to service objectives and outcomes is lacking. Conclusions. While analysis revealed that each programme shared commonalities and demonstrated differences in structures and processes compared with the other programmes, the study demonstrated a general lack of focus on formal community outcomes which raises ethical concerns. Future research and dialogue is warranted to explore ethics and good practice in ISL and other global health initiatives in physical therapy. This study may facilitate reflections and creative solutions by individual faculty and the profession. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Development of force field parameters for oxyluciferin on its electronic ground and excited states
Authors: Song Chang‐Ik , Rhee Young Min 
Published: December 2010

AbstractConstruction of force field parameters of the oxyluciferin molecule on its electronic ground and excited states is presented. Several new approaches are introduced for more reliable parameterization: argon‐scanning, Hessian matching, and constrained‐group parameterization. The Ar‐scanning approach is for fitting Lennard‐Jones parameters so that the constructed force field can mimic the changes in ab initio energy of oxyluciferin‐argon pair at various argon positions. The Hessian matching procedure is to closely reproduce the second derivative matrix of the bonded interaction terms of the force field functions, in comparison with the quantum chemically obtained results. The constrained‐group algorithm is applied for both of these approaches to enable an automated atom‐type‐based parameterization. For complete description of the force field of the oxyluciferin molecule, we have also adopted the second order perturbatively corrected one‐particle density matrices to obtain the atomic partial charges within the conventional framework of the restrained electrostatic potential fit. With the availability of the full force field parameter sets, the differences in condensed‐phase dynamics on the two states can be investigated. As a simple demonstration, molecular dynamics simulations of aqueous oxyluciferin solution have been performed. The surrounding water structures for the two cases are analyzed by inspecting both the static solvent distribution functions as well as time variation of solvent–solute interaction. The contributions of charge–charge and dispersive interactions toward the solvation dynamics are also discussed. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2010
Fragmentation study of iridoid glycosides including epimers by liquid chromatography‐diode array detection/electrospray ionization mass spectrometry and its application in metabolic fingerprint analysis of Gardenia jasminoides Ellis
Authors: Zhou Tingting , Liu Hua , Wen Jun , Fan Guorong , Chai Yifeng , Wu Yutian 
Published: December 2010

AbstractA high‐performance liquid chromatography‐diode array detection/electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (HPLC‐DAD/ESI‐MS) method was applied to the characterization of ten iridoid glycosides in Gardenia jasminoides Ellis, a traditional Chinese medicine. During the process of structural elucidation, two groups of isomers including two epimers were structurally characterized and differentiated according to their distinctive fragmentation patterns which were closely related to their isomeric differentiations. Subsequently, the major compounds were purified by multi‐dimensional chromatography and semi‐preparative HPLC and the structure identification was confirmed with NMR techniques. The major fragmentation pathways of iridoid glycosides in Gardenia jasminoides Ellis obtained through the MS data were schemed systematically, which provided the best sensitivity and specificity for characterization of the iridoid glycosides especially the isomers so far. Based on the fragmentation patterns of iridoid glycosides concluded, seven major iridoid glycosides were characterized in rat plasma after intravenous administration of Gardenia jasminoides Ellis. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.