bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of topography on the functional development of human neural progenitor cells
Authors: Wu Ze‐Zhi , Kisaalita William S. , Wang Lina , Zachman Angela L. , Zhao Yiping , Hasneen Kowser , Machacek Dave , Stice Steven L. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractWe have fabricated a topographical substrate with a packed polystyrene bead array for the development of cell‐based assay systems targeting voltage‐gated calcium channels (VGCCs). Human neural progenitor cells (H945RB.3) cultured on both flat and topographical substrates were analyzed in terms of morphological spreading, neuronal commitment, resting membrane potential (Vm) establishment and VGCC function development. We found, by SEM imaging, that arrayed substrates, formed with both sub‐micrometer (of 0.51 µm in mean diameter) and micrometer (of 1.98 µm in mean diameter) beads, were capable of promoting the spreading of the progenitor cells as compared with the flat polystyrene surfaces. With the micrometer beads, it was found that arrayed substrates facilitated the neural progenitor cells' maintenance of less negative Vm values upon differentiation with bFGF starvation, which favored predominant neuronal commitment. Almost all the progenitor cells were responsive to 50 mM K+ depolarization with an increase in [Ca2+]i either before or upon differentiation, suggesting the expression of functional VGCCs. Compared to the flat polystyrene surfaces, microbead arrayed substrates facilitated the development of higher VGCC responsiveness by the progenitor cells upon differentiation. The enhancement of both VGCC responsiveness and cell spreading by arrays of micrometer beads was most significant on day 14 into differentiation, which was the latest time point of measurement in this study. This study thus rationalized the possibility for future substrate topography engineering to manipulate ion channel function and to meet the challenge of low VGCC responsiveness found in early drug discovery. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2010;106: 649–659. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Stable propagation of human embryonic and induced pluripotent stem cells on decellularized human substrates
Authors: Abraham Sheena , Sheridan Steven D. , Miller Bradley , Rao Raj R. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractHuman pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) that include human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) and human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) have gained enormous interest as potential sources for regenerative biomedical therapies and model systems for studying early development. Traditionally, mouse embryonic fibroblasts have been used as a supportive feeder layer for the sustained propagation of hPSCs. However, the use of nonhuman‐derived feeders presents concerns about the possibility of xenogenic contamination, labor intensiveness, and variability in experimental results in hPSC cultures. Toward addressing some of these concerns, we report the propagation of three different hPSCs on feeder‐free extracellular matrix (ECM)‐based substrates derived from human fibroblasts. hPSCs propagated in this setting were indistinguishable by multiple criteria, including colony morphology, expression of pluripotency protein markers, trilineage in vitro differentiation, and gene expression patterns, from hPSCs cultured directly on a fibroblast feeder layer. Further, hPSCs maintained a normal karyotype when analyzed after 15 passages in this setting. Development of this ECM‐based culture system is a significant advance in hPSC propagation methods as it could serve as a critical component in the development of humanized propagation systems for the production of stable hPSCs and its derivatives for research and therapeutic applications. © 2010 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Biotechnol. Prog., 2010
Identifiying New Technologies, Products and Strategies for Resource Efficiency
Authors: Lang‐Koetz C. , Pastewski N. , Rohn H. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractNew technologies can be the basis for resource‐efficient products and services and thus create eco‐innovations, either by creating new functionalities in existing or new application fields or by substituting existing technologies in existing or new application fields. In this paper, an overview over different technology fields, products and strategies with resource efficiency potential, such as nanotechnologies, material science, manufacturing technologies, process technologies and cross‐cutting issues, is presented. There is a special focus on applications from nanotechnology issuing, e.g. functional surfaces or new ‘smart' materials with special functionalities. Furthermore, it is shown how companies can use the method Resource Efficiency Technology Radar to identify and evaluate technologies with resource efficiency in order to incorporate them into their development activities.
Resource Cost Accounting (RKR) – A Synthesis of Business Management and Technology
Authors: Kunsleben A. , Tschesche J. R. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractResource Cost Accounting (known by its German acronym RKR) is a tool of the Efficiency Agency in North‐Rhine/Westphalia (Germany) that identifies and describes a company's cost‐saving potential with regard to resource consumption. By consistently synthesizing the company's key managerial and technical data and by allocating costs to their actual cost drivers, RKR is able to identify points along the production cycle with latent cost‐savings potential. Rather than merely “jump‐starting” continual improvement within a company, RKR anchors this firmly and permanently into the business. Assuming the relevant price data is available, it is even possible to extend the use of RKR analysis beyond the scope of one's own company.
Comparison of Electrochemical Synthesis of Ammonia by Using Sulfonated Polysulfone and Nafion Membrane with Sm1.5Sr0.5NiO4
Authors: Liu Ruiquan , Xu Gaochao 
Published: March 2010

AbstractPolysulfone (PSF) and sulfonated polysulfone (SPSF) were synthesized and characterized by IR spectrum. Sm1.5Sr0.5NiO4 (SSN) and Ni‐Ce0.8Sm0.2O2−δ (Ni‐SDC, Ni‐samarium doped ceria) were prepared and characterized by X‐ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Ammonia was synthesized from wet hydrogen and dry nitrogen with applied voltage, using SSN as cathode, Ni‐SDC as anode, Nafion and SPSF as proton membrane respectively. The performances of Nafion and SPSF membranes in ammonia synthesis were investigated and compared at atmospheric pressure and low temperature (25–100°C). The results demonstrated that the proton conducting performances of Nafion and SPSF membranes were similar and the highest rates of evolution of ammonia were up to 1.05×10−8 and 1.03×10−8 mol·cm−2·s−1 respectively at 80°C and 2.5 V.
Preparation of Amino‐functionalized Multiwall Carbon Nanotube/Gold Nanoparticle Composites
Authors: Ding Mingyu , Zheng Rui 
Published: March 2010

AbstractMultiwall carbon nanotubes (MWNT) were modified orderly with carboxyl groups and amino groups. The MWNT/gold nanoparticle composites were formed when the amino‐functionalized MWNT was interacted with gold colloids. The functionalized MWNT was characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The amino‐functionalized MWNT allows further attaching gold nanoparticles through electrostatic interaction between the negatively charged gold nanoparticles and amino groups on the surface of the MWNT. The composite of gold nanoprticles and amino‐functionalized MWNT was characterized by transmission electron microscopy. This method decorating carbon nanotubes can be used to identify the location of functional groups, i.e. defect sites on carbon nanotubes.
Impact of the Aliphatic Dicarboxylate Chain of Novel Dinuclear Palladium(II) Complexes: Synthesis and Biological Evaluation
Authors: Gao Enjun , Zhu Mingchang , Wu Qiong , Liu Lei , Liu Hongyan , Liu Fuchun , Huang Yun , Wang Lei , Shi Qunzhi , Zhang Wanzhong 
Published: March 2010

AbstractFive dinuclear palladium(II) complexes with HOOC(CH2)nCOOH (n=2–6) and 2,2′‐bipyridine ligands were synthesigned by a reaction with K2PdCl4. To prepare such complexes with different aliphatic dicarboxylate chain lengths was in an attempt to correlate this length factor, which influences the biological activity of the complexes, with fluorescence spectra, DNA cleavage and cytotoxic activity. The results indicate that the complexes bind to fish sperm DNA (FS‐DNA) in an intercalative mode via fluorescence spectra, and the five complexes show different cleavage of supercoiled DNA, and then a cytotoxicity assay of these dinuclear palladium(II) complexes on human tumor cell lines was performed. In most of the cell lines, complex 5 (n=6) and 4 (n=5) showed much higher cytotoxicity than cis‐platin. On the other hand, complex 3 (n=4) was found to be moderately active, and complex 1 (n=2), complex 2 (n=3) were found only marginally cytotoxic. Implications of these findings were discussed from a structure‐activity relationship.
Tris(4‐anisyl)phosphine as an Efficient and Practical Reagent for the Synthesis of (E)‐2‐Benzylidenesuccinates
Authors: Jiang Huanfeng , Wang Wei , Liu Weibing , Qiao Chunli 
Published: March 2010

AbstractCondensation of maleic anhydride or dimethyl maleate with benzylaldehydes controlled by tris(4‐anisyl)‐phosphine to synthesize dimethyl (E)‐2‐benzylidenesuccinates has been systematically investigated. The protocol gives the product with high stereoselectivity in moderate to good yields under mild conditions. A plausible mechanism has been proposed.
MCM‐41 Catalyzed Efficient Regioselective Synthesis of β‐Aminoalcohol under Solvent‐free Conditions
Authors: Heravi Majid M. , Bakhtiari Khadijeh , Alinejhad Hamideh , Saeedi Mina , Malakooti Reihane 
Published: March 2010

Abstractβ‐Aminoalcohols were synthesized in high yields by reaction of epoxides with amines in the presence of MCM‐41 as a green and reusable catalyst under solvent‐free conditions.
Highly Selective Vapor‐Phase Acylation of Veratrole over H3PO4/TiO2‐ZrO2: Using Ethyl Acetate as a Green and Efficient Acylating Agent
Authors: Javad Kalbasi Roozbeh , Abbaspourrad Alireza , Massah Ahmad Reza , Zamani Farzad 
Published: March 2010

AbstractA simple sol‐gel method with and without surfactant was applied to prepare TiO2‐ZrO2 mixed oxides containing Ti and Zr at a molar ratio of 1:1. Several catalysts containing w=15% –35% H3PO4 were set up using these mixed oxides. The physical and chemical properties of catalysts were investigated by BET, SEM and pyridine adsorption‐desorption. The catalytic performance of each material was determined for the vapor‐phase acylation of veratrole (1,2‐dimethoxybenzene) to 3,4‐dimethoxyacetophenone (3,4‐DMAP), which was found to be the major product of the reaction of veratrole with ethyl acetate, with alkylated products being the minor products. 2,3‐Dimethoxyacetophenone (2,3‐DMAP) was not detected in the product stream. In the best experimental conditions, the alkylated products were less than 0.7%. This reaction may represent an environmentally friendly alternative to use the ethyl acetate as the acylating reagent. The feed molar ratios of veratrole/ethyl acetate were varied over a wide range of 0.1 to 1, and the optimum feed ratio of veratrole/ethyl acetate was 1:3. Space velocity employed in the veratrole acylation reported as WHSV (veratrole) was 1.2 h−1. The acylation reactions were carried out in the temperature range of 423 to 673 K and the optimum H3PO4 content for acylation was w=15%.
Development and Application of Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography Method to the Quantification of the Biotransformation of Methyl Paraben in Eisenia foetida
Authors: Mincea Manuela , Şerban Simona , Rusu Irina , Talpos̨ Ioan , Ostafe Vasile 
Published: March 2010

AbstractA simple and quick ultra performance liquid chromatography method (UPLC) has been developed for determination of methyl paraben (MP) and its major metabolites p‐hydroxybenzoic acid (pHBA) and phenol (Phe), following its biotransformations in Eisenia foetida. After different exposure time to paper contact test, the presence of methyl paraben and his biotransformation products in adult earthworms was monitored. Determination of its metabolites was achieved with a BEH (bridged ethane‐silicon hybrid) C18 column (2.1×50 mm i.d., 1.7 µm particle size), using methanol/water/phosphoric acid as mobile phase, under a gradient elution program, and a PDA (photo‐diode array) detection (quantification with MaxPlot in the range 210–400 nm). The absorption of MP did not exceed 30% and in the first 4–6 h after exposure only minute amounts of pHBA and Phe were detected in the worm homogenates. After 48 h of exposures, almost 70% of absorbed MP was already metabolized to Phe and around 20% could be found as pHBA.
Treatment selection for patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Atkins Michael B. , Choueiri Toni K. , Cho Daniel , Regan Meredith , Signoretti Sabina 
Published: March 2010

AbstractThe availability of approved agents with distinct mechanisms of action has encouraged investigations to identify optimal treatment strategies for specific patients and specific tumor features. Study of tumors from patients treated with interleukin‐2 (IL‐2) has suggested that response was unlikely in patients with tumors with papillary features or low carbonic anhydrase IX (CAIX) expression. A model combining histologic features and CAIX expression separated patients into 2 groups of roughly equal size, with 96% of the responding patients being in the favorable prognostic group. Additional studies have begun to identify molecular features that might predict response to IL‐2 therapy. In contrast, clinical trial data suggest that temsirolimus was relatively more active than interferon in patients with tumors containing non–clear cell features. Furthermore, pathologic examination showed no correlation of response with CAIX expression, but an apparent association with high expression of either phospho‐AKT or phospho‐S6, proteins either upstream or downstream of mammalian target of rapamycin. Preliminary investigations of tumor specimens from patients receiving vascular endothelial growth factor–targeted therapy suggested that high hypoxia‐inducible factor expression might predict response. In addition, response appeared more likely in tumors with mutated or methylated VHL genes; however, substantial antitumor activity was still observed in patients with VHL wild‐type tumors, particularly in patients treated with either sunitinib or axitinib, rather than bevacizumab or sorafenib. Although these data provide some guidance in treatment selection, considerably more research is needed to identify and validate selection models for particular treatment approaches, and to enable rational and optimal utilization of the available treatment options. Cancer 2009;115(10 suppl):2327‐33. © 2009 American Cancer Society.
Combination targeted therapy in advanced renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Sosman Jeffrey , Puzanov Igor 
Published: March 2010

AbstractSeveral novel therapies have been approved recently in advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC). These agents inhibit pathways downstream of loss of the von Hippel‐Lindau gene VHL. They target the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) ligand, VEGF receptor (VEGFR), mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), and other potentially important pathways. Even with improvements in survival, disease progresses in all patients. There is a critical need to increase complete responses (now rare). One such strategy is combining several agents to block different levels of the VEGF‐VEGFR axis (vertical blockade). Alternatively, combination of a VEGF‐VEGFR inhibitor with an mTOR inhibitor is attractive. Finally, horizontal blockade of VEGFR with epidermal growth factor receptor and/or platelet‐derived growth factor receptor, all signaling pathways activated by hypoxia‐inducible factor, is another approach. Already trials have revealed difficulties with combination therapy. By combining agents, the toxicity of 1 or both can be enhanced. The authors of this article report their experience with sorafenib plus bevacizumab, which produced increases in hand‐foot syndrome, hypertension, and proteinuria, all known toxic effects. Clinical activity was impressive with 25 responses in 48 patients (52% response rate). Other combinations also required dose reductions (sorafenib with temsirolimus) or were intolerable (sunitinib with temsirolimus or sunitinib with bevacizumab). Unexpected toxicity characterized by microangiopathic hemolytic anemia occurred late in treatment with sunitinib and bevacizumab. Toxicity may be more severe in patients with RCC, who frequently have 1 kidney and poor renal function. Once tolerability for combination regimens has been established, it will be critical to design informative phase 2 trials and address the benefit of combination versus sequential therapy. Cancer 2009;115(10 suppl):2368‐75. © 2009 American Cancer Society.
Novel therapeutics for metastatic renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Hutson Thomas E. , Figlin Robert A. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractThe treatment of metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC) has changed dramatically during the past few years. Sunitinib malate, sorafenib tosylate, bevacizumab with interferon α, temsirolimus, and everolimus have improved clinical outcomes in randomized phase 3 trials by inhibiting the vascular endothelial growth factor and related pathways. Combinations and sequences of these agents are being evaluated. Other novel agents are in clinical development, some of which target novel pathways not yet exploited as therapy for RCC. Recently reported and ongoing clinical trials will help further define the role of these agents as therapy for metastatic RCC. Cancer 2009;115(10 suppl):2361‐7. © 2009 American Cancer Society.
Retracted: Immunotherapy of metastatic renal cell carcinoma
Authors: McDermott David F. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractRenal cell carcinoma (RCC) evokes an immune response, which occasionally has resulted in spontaneous and dramatic remissions. In an attempt to reproduce or accentuate this response, various immunotherapeutic strategies have been studied. The most consistent antitumor activity has been reported with interferon‒α (IFN‐α) and interleukin‐2 (IL‐2). In recent years, randomized trials have suggested that high‐dose, intravenous bolus IL‐2 is superior in terms of response rate and possibly in terms of response quality to regimens that involve either low‐dose IL‐2 and IFN‐α, intermediate‐ or low‐dose IL‐2 alone, or low‐dose IFN‐α alone. More significantly, investigations associated with those trials suggested that the potential exists for identifying predictors of response (or resistance) and limiting IL‐2 therapy to those patients who hare most likely to benefit. Although the role of low‐dose, single‐agent cytokines is limited, combinations of cytokines with targeted therapy may have merit. Several studies, including 2 completed, large, phase 3 trials of interferon plus bevacizumab versus interferon alone, have demonstrated superior efficacy with the combination regimen compared with cytokine monotherapy and suggested the potential of an additive effect that requires further exploration. For patients who are unlikely to benefit from IL‐2 or who are unable to receive it, the emergence “targeted immunotherapy” offers hope for improved clinical outcome. Improvements in patient selection, novel agents, and combination therapy will be required to optimize the benefits of immunotherapy in metastatic RCC as the list of effective therapies grows. Cancer 2009;115(10 suppl):2298‐305. © 2009 American Cancer Society.
Targeting mTOR in renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Hudes Gary R. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractThe mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) is clearly an important therapeutic target for advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC), although its mechanisms of activation are not completely understood. In first‐line treatment of patients who have both advanced RCC and multiple risk factors for short survival, temsirolimus improves overall survival (OS) compared with interferon. In patients whose tumors have progressed after sunitinib and/or sorafenib therapy, everolimus improves progression‐free survival compared with placebo. Beyond the initial phase 3 studies demonstrating efficacy, many important questions remain in the clinical application of mTOR inhibition and in developing other inhibitors of PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling. Important objectives of current and future clinical investigations include a more detailed description of the molecular pathology of RCC and identification of potential biomarkers that are predictive of tumor sensitivity to PI3K/Akt/mTOR targeted therapies. This information may identify other groups of RCC patients that are likely to benefit from inhibition of this signaling pathway. Additional questions concern mechanisms by which tumors become resistant to mTOR inhibitor therapy and how such resistance can be defeated. Possible mechanisms include the loss of feedback inhibition of insulin receptor substate/PI3K signaling resulting from the inhibition of mTOR complex 1 by rapamycin analogs and the activating phosphorylation of Akt by mTOR complex 2. Laboratory studies indicate that these resistance mechanisms could be countered by using other targeted agents in combination with mTOR inhibitors. Cancer 2009;115(10 suppl):2313‐20. © 2009 American Cancer Society.
The 2008 European School of Oncology inside Track Conference, “Predictive Modeling in Prostate Cancer”
Authors: Valdagni Riccardo , Scardino Peter T. , Denis Louis 
Published: March 2010

AbstractThe European School of Oncology (ESO) Inside Track Conference, “Predictive Modeling in Prostate Cancer,” the first event ever dedicated to prediction in prostate cancer, was organized in collaboration with the Prostate Program of Milan National Cancer Institute and the American Italian Cancer Foundation in the wonderful scenario of the Excelsior Lido Hotel in Venice on April 17 through 19, 2008. More than 240 participants from 23 countries attended this 3‐day conference, which convened an exceptional group of experts from all over the world whose presentations provided a framework for understanding the state of the art in predictive modeling of prostate cancer and displayed future research trends in the uro‐oncologic community. Cancer 2009;115(13 suppl):3035–8. © 2009 American Cancer Society.
Biomolecular markers of outcome prediction in prostate cancer
Authors: Lopergolo Alessia , Zaffaroni Nadia 
Published: March 2010

AbstractProstate cancer has a variable clinical outcome and, therefore, there is a clear need for novel molecular markers that are specifically associated with biologically aggressive disease to improve staging and prognostication and also to provide mechanistic information to facilitate treatment selection. Different candidate biomarkers have been identified that are linked to patient prognosis and/or response to specific treatments. Such molecules are involved in diverse cellular processes (including cell cycle regulation, cell death and apoptosis, signal transduction, cell adhesion, and angiogenesis) within which aberrant activity of several regulatory pathways has been seen in prostate cancer. Although the number of molecular markers continues to grow, mainly because of the advent of high‐throughput methods, more work needs to be done to develop uniform standards for their characterization to enable comparison of markers across studies. Moreover, a rate‐limiting step in the development of molecular markers is large‐scale clinical assessment and their evaluation in the context of prediction model improvement. In fact, thus far, only a few studies have tested and demonstrated whether the addition of new biological markers improves the accuracy of standard clinical models (nomograms) in predicting biochemical progression in patients with clinically localized prostate cancer who underwent radical prostatectomy. Cancer 2009;115(13 suppl):3058–67. © 2009 American Cancer Society.