bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluating the Impact of Various Treatment Modalities on the Chewing Efficiency of Anterior Disc Displacements of Temporomandibular Joint Disorder Cases: A Comparative Study
Authors: Abdel-Gawwad Esmail Ahmed , Atito Ehap , Osman Mohammed , Emam Abdel-Naser M , Baraka Yasser , Abdullah Abdel Aziz Baiomy , Helal Mohamed Ahmed 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Aim:
Internal disc displacement of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is identified by an anomaly between the condylar-disc assembly, which, in many cases, may lead to discomfort and malfunction of the chewing function. The study’s objective was to assess the effects of four distinct treatment approaches on temporomandibular disorder cases with anterior disc displacements focusing on their chewing efficiency.

Materials and Methods:
One hundred participants suffering from reducible TMJ disc displacement were selected for enrollment in the study. Subjects were divided equally into four groups: group I patients were treated with behavioral therapy; group II patients were treated with low-level laser therapy (LLLT); group III patients were treated with anterior repositioning splints; and group IV patients were treated with flat plane splints. Chewing efficiency was assessed utilizing the fractional sieving method and a synthetic food substitute was created using silicon impression material. The statistical analysis encompassed comparisons of chewing efficiency between groups and between baseline and posttreatment within each group, employing analysis of variance (ANOVA) and paired t tests, respectively.

Results:
Using the paired t test, a significant difference in chewing efficiency values as expressed by the median particle size was observed between the baseline and 6-month values in all groups (P < 0.05), except for group I where no significant change was noted over the 6 months (P > 0.05). The one-way ANOVA test revealed a statistically significant difference among groups following therapies (P ˂ 0.05). The post hoc Tukey test was employed for pairwise comparisons and revealed statistically significant variances in the main values of chewing efficiency among all groups at a 95% confidence level (P ˂ 0.05).

Conclusion:
The study’s results suggest that occlusal splints and LLLT are more effective in improving chewing efficiency than behavioral interventions.
Dental caries as a health risk for visual acuity in relation to salivary transforming growth factor beta-1 among students aged 8–10 years: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Ajeel Noor Adil , Diab Ban Sahib 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background:
Dental caries and an impairment in visual acuity (VA) may both be caused by a variety of risk factors. Various conditions of the eye can appear as a consequence of overall inflammation and active dental caries.

Aim:
The present study aims to assess dental caries and salivary status by measuring the transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGF-β1) and flow rate between visually impaired students compared with students with normal vision.

Materials and Methods:
Research was performed employing a cross-sectional comparative study design conducted among representative 653 students aged 8–10 years at primary schools in Al-Diwaniyah governorate using the Snellen E chart for measuring VA status. Partitioning the students according to the degree of VA into normal students with normal VA of 6/9 or better and students with visual impairment of 6/12 or worse was done. Sub-sample of 180 students was recruited randomly from both groups, age and gender-matched participants for salivary analysis, and dental caries assessment measured by decay, missed, filled index, according to the World Health Organization in 2013

Results:
Out of 653 students, only 70 students suffer from a decrease in VA. Dental caries was more prevalent in those who had a decrease in VA compared with normal groups. For primary teeth decay, missed, filled teeth index (DMFT/dmft), the result was not significant but highly significant for DMFT/dmft. A significant decrease in salivary flow rate and increased salivary TGF-β1 level among visually impaired students was found.

Conclusions:
According to the current research, the study population that has impaired VA, dental health status has greatly deteriorated.
Correlation of oxygenation indices in invasive mechanical ventilated adult patients
Authors: Jain Ravi , Jain Ashish , Jain Srishti , Jain Rohit , Panwar Puneet , Goyal Manish , Jain Anand Kumar , Meena Munesh , Gupta Priyamvada , Manghwani Hetal , Gupta Divyansh 
Published: April 2024

Background:
Mechanical ventilation is essential for managing acute respiratory failure, but traditional methods of assessing oxygenation, like the PaO2/FiO2 ratio, pose challenges due to invasiveness and cost.

Objective:
This single-centre prospective observational study aimed to assess the potential of the non-invasive Oxygen Saturation Index (OSI), utilising SpO2 measurements, to diagnose hypoxemia in mechanically ventilated adults. The study sought to establish correlations between OSI, oxygenation index (OI), PaO2/FiO2 ratio and SpO2/FiO2 ratio.

Methods:
From August 2022 to July 2023, data was collected from 1055 mechanically ventilated intensive care unit patients. Statistical analysis included correlation tests, receiver operating curve (ROC) analysis and cut-off value determination for hypoxemia diagnosis.

Results:
We found that the P/F ratio had a statistically significant negative correlation with OI (correlation coefficient -0.832, P value: 0.000 in hypoxemic group and correlation coefficient -0.888, P value: 0.000 in the non-hypoxemic group), and OSI (correlation coefficient -0.746, P value: 0.000 in hypoxemic group and correlation coefficient -0.629, P value: 0.000 in non-hypoxemic group) and has a positive correlation with P/F ratio (correlation coefficient 0.92, P value: 0.000 in hypoxemic group and correlation coefficient -0.67, P value: 0.000 in non-hypoxemic group). OI and OSI had a statistically significant correlation (correlation coefficient 0.955, P value: 0.000 in hypoxemic group and correlation coefficient 0.815, P value: 0.000 in non-hypoxemic group). on ROC analysis P/F ratio was the most accurate in predicting hypoxia followed by OI and OSI. with a cut-off value, of OI being 7.07, and that for OSI being 3.90, at an 80% sensitivity level to diagnose hypoxemia.

Conclusion:
OSI can serve as a dependable surrogate for OI, simplifying ARDS severity assessment. The P/F ratio is the most accurate predictor of hypoxia. Further research, especially in larger multicentre studies, is needed to validate these findings and explore the long-term clinical implications of using OSI for oxygenation monitoring in mechanically ventilated patients.
Propofol-based Anesthesia versus Volatile Anesthesia on Brain Relaxation in Neurosurgery: A Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Jonathan Jeremy , Wijaya Khema Metta , Johansyah Theodorus Kevin Putra , Sari Felicia Puspita , Satrio Kenny , Jobul Ivan Christianto 
Published: April 2024

Background:
The main objectives of neuroanesthesia are maintaining the stability of cerebral blood flow, intracranial pressure (ICP), and hemodynamics. Both intravenous and volatile anesthetics are frequently used in neuroanesthesia, yet the superior agent is still an ongoing debate. This study aimed to compare propofol-based versus volatile anesthesia on brain relaxation in patients undergoing neurosurgery.

Subjects and Methods:
PubMed, Cochrane, EMBASE, and ProQuest were searched using suitable keywords. Randomized controlled trials comparing propofol-based and volatile anesthesia for neurosurgery were included. The primary outcome was the brain relaxation score. Secondary outcomes were cerebral hemodynamics, intraoperative hemodynamics, recovery profiles, and postoperative complications. A meta-analysis was done to analyze the outcomes.

Results:
Seventeen studies (2135 patients) were included. Propofol-based group had lower ICP values (mean difference [MD]: −5.13 mmHg; 95% confidence interval [CI]: −6.95 to − 3.32; P < 0.00001); however, brain relaxation was similar within both groups. Intraoperative hemodynamics parameters were similar, aside from higher hypertension incidence in the propofol-based group. Remifentanil usage was higher with propofol-based anesthesia (MD: 1.08 μg; 95% CI: 0.72–1.44; P < 0.00001). Recovery profiles and postoperative complications were similar, with the exception of lower postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) incidence with propofol-based anesthesia (odds ratio = 0.59; 95% CI: 0.43–0.79; P = 0.0005).

Conclusions:
Propofol-based and volatile anesthesia provides comparable adequate brain relaxation in patients undergoing neurosurgery, although ICP was lower with propofol-based anesthesia. Propofol-based anesthesia significantly promoted the incidence of hypertension and reduced PONV. Other adverse events with both regimens were comparable.
Surgical outcomes of pediatric glaucoma in Indian eyes
Authors: Menon Meena Gopinath , Thulasidas Mithun , Singh Aditi 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Purpose:
To evaluate the surgical outcomes of pediatric glaucoma in a cohort of Indian population.

Materials and Methods:
We conducted a single-center retrospective study including pediatric glaucoma patients who had undergone surgery between January 2012 and January 2022. The surgeries performed were trabeculectomy with mitomycin-C or Ologen, combined trabeculectomy with trabeculotomy (CTT), Ahmed glaucoma valve (AGV) implantation, and diode laser transscleral cyclophotocoagulation. Success was defined as complete if intraocular pressure (IOP) was between 6 and 21 mmHg in children who were examined on slit lamp, or between 6 and 18 mmHg in patients examined under general anesthesia, in the absence of any glaucoma medication and as qualified, with glaucoma medication at the last follow-up. Outcome measures included IOP at the last follow-up, number of glaucoma medications, any complications, and additional surgeries.

Results:
Seventy-eight eyes of 68 children were included. The most common glaucoma types were primary congenital glaucoma (30.8%), followed by posttraumatic glaucoma (17.9%) and postvitreoretinal surgery glaucoma (16.7%). The mean IOP reduced from 34.17 ± 9.35 mmHg preoperatively to 21.38 ± 9.61 mmHg at the last follow-up (P < 0.001). The number of glaucoma medications reduced from 2.55 ± 1.10 preoperatively to 1.76 ± 1.26 at the last follow-up (P < 0.001). Success was achieved in 62.8% of eyes and the mean survival time was 3.62 years. Among all procedures, AGV implantation had a longer survival time (mean 4.86 years).

Conclusion:
Pediatric glaucoma management remains a challenge. Majority of the cases remain refractory in spite of multiple surgical interventions. AGV and CTT could be offered as primary surgery in cases of pediatric glaucoma with hazy cornea where goniotomy may not be an option.
An Atypical Etiology for Granulomatous Mediastinal Lymphadenopathy in an Immunocompetent Adult Male
Authors: Deepak T. H. , Joseph Ananthu , Santhakumar S. , Venugopal J. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are widely distributed microorganisms that have the potential to cause severe illness in humans, especially those with compromised immune systems. In adults, the disease mainly manifests as chronic pulmonary disease. Few case reports are available on lymphadenopathy caused by nontubercular mycobacterium in children, primarily affecting the cervical lymph nodes. However, it is exceptionally rare for an immunocompetent adult to develop mediastinal lymphadenopathy due to NTM infection. We present a case of posttubercular fibrocavitary lung disease with mediastinal adenopathy in an immunocompetent male. The initial clinical suspicion was the reactivation of tuberculosis. However, the cultures from the mediastinal node aspirate obtained by Endo Bronchial Ultra Sound guided Trans Bronchial Needle Aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) and the bronchoalveolar lavage showed growth of nontubercular mycobacterium. Our literature search only revealed a case report discussing mediastinal lymphadenopathy associated with NTM in an immunocompetent individual.
Voir une image dans une image: Husserl
Authors: Lageira Jacinto 
Published: April 2024

théoriques et pratiques, cela en raison du titre, je ne traiterai pas directement de la célèbre recommandation faite par Léonard de Vinci dans ses Carnets : « Si tu regardes des murs barbouillés de taches, ou faits de pierres d’espèces différentes, et qu’il te faille imaginer quelque scène, tu y verras des paysages variés, des montagnes, fleuves, rochers, arbres, plaines, grandes vallées et divers groupes de collines. Tu y découvriras aussi des combats et figures d’un mouvement rapide, d’étranges airs de visages [...] et une infinité de choses […]». Ni ne traiterai directement de la méthode d’Alexander Cozens, consistant à créer des images à partir de taches répandues de manière hasardeuse sur le papier ou sur la toile, ni non plus directement des peintures d’Arcimboldo ou de celles de Dali dans lesquelles l’on peut discerner une tête, un paysage, des personnages formés d’éléments pourtant séparés et disparates. Ce que l’on nomme la paraéidolie – capacité à voir toutes sortes de figures dans des formes naturelles ou artificielles -, existe aussi dans la photographie, soit qu’il s’agisse d’une volonté de l’opérateur, soit d’une reconstruction du récepteur, et, bien que cette approche relève de la possibilité illusoire et concrète de voir une image dans une image – dont un cas, exponentiel, est le procédé de la mise en abyme –, ce n’est pas cette très riche problématique qui sera ici abordée. Alors que la paraéidolie fonctionne par assemblage de ressemblance(s), l’approche dont il sera ici question est celle de l’analogie des images, ou de l’image-analogon, donc une image qui est un autre elle-même. [...]
HUBUNGAN ANTARA WAKTU LAMA PUASA DENGAN KEJADIAN MUAL MUNTAH PADA PASIEN POST OPERASI DI RSUD PIRU KABUPATEN SERAM BAGIAN BARAT
Authors: Timbu Aloysius , Zakaria Amin , Negoro Widigdo Rekso , Suryanto Suryanto 
Published: April 2024

Pendahuluan: Post Operative Nausea and Vomiting (PONV) merupakan pengalaman yang tidak menyenangkan selama masa postoperasi pada 24-48 jam, yang menyusahkan bagi pasien dan dapat memperpanjang masa tinggal, serta meningkat resiko komplikasi pasca operasi. Puasa sebelum operasi diperlukan untuk meminimalkan risiko aspirasi selama prosedur anestesi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisa hubungan antara waktu lama puasa dengan kejadiaan mual dan muntah pada pasien post operasi. Metode: Jenis penelitian ini adalah analisa korelasi dengan desain cross-sectional. Populasi pasien di unit anestesi yang menjalani seksio sesaria dengan anestesi SAB spinal. Sampel berjumlah 64 metode konsekutif sampling periode bulan April 2023. Variable bebas waktu lama puasa dan variable terikat kejadian mual dan muntah yang diukur menggunakan lembar observasi, Skala data rasio dan analisa data menggunakan uji korelasi one way anova dengan data berpasangan. Hasil: Hasil uji hipotesis hubungan antara lama puasa dengan kejadian mual dan muntah pada pasien operasi sexcio caesarea dengan spinal anestesi didapatkan nilai significan 0.23 yang berarti tidak ada hubungan antara lama puasa dengan kejadian mual dan muntah pada pasien dikarenakan kejadian mjual dan muntah paska operasi dengan spinal anastesi kemungkinan disebabkan oleh faktor lain yaitu: hipotensi mengakibatkan hipoperfusi, aerophagi, pemberian obat, teknik operasi (banyak manipulasi organ usus, dan faktor-faktor lainnya. Kesimpulan: Bagi peneliti berikutnya menganalisa hubungan kejadian mual muntah pada faktor yang lain atau mengendalikan variabel perancu.
Kata kunci: Lama Puasa, Post Operative, Nausea and Vomiting
HUBUNGAN ANTARA TINGKAT NYERI DENGAN KEMAMPUAN AKTIVITAS PADA PASIEN POST OPERASI SECTIO CAESAREA DENGAN ANESTESI SPINAL
Authors: Yusuf Muhammad , Suryanto Suryanto , Umifa Kaslinda Nur , Zakaria Amin 
Published: April 2024

Pendahuluan: Nyeri post operasi sectio caesarea akan menyebabkan terbatasnya mobilisasi karena intensitas nyeri. Rasa nyeri yang signifikan dapat membuat seseorang merasa sulit untuk bergerak dengan bebas dan melakukan aktivitas yang memerlukan penggunaan otot perut dan panggul. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu menganalisa hubungan antara tingkat nyeri dengan kemampuan aktivitas pada pasien post operasi sectio caesarea dengan anestesi spinal. Metode: Jenis penelitian analisa korelasi dengan desain cross-sectional pada populasi pasien diunit recovery room 24 jam paska operasi, kuota sampling dengan 30 responden. Variable bebas yaitu tingkat nyeri dan variable terikat kemampuan melakukan aktifitas. Tingkat nyeri yang diukur menggunakan lembar observasi skala nyeri numeric rating scale, skala data rasio. Kemampuan melakukan aktifitas diukur dengan lembar observasi yaitu kemampuan duduk, berdiri dan kemampuan berjalan. analisa data menggunakan uji korelasi pearson, menggunakan komputer bantuan aplikasi SPSS 22. Hasil: Ada hubungan antara tingkat nyeri dengan kemampuan aktifitas pasien post operasi SC dengan anestesi spinal. Hubungannya negative yaitu semakin tinggi tingkat nyeri maka kemampuan aktifitas semakin rendah. Tingkat hubungannya sangat kuat yaitu dengan nilai -0,886. Kesimpulan: Untuk mampu melakukan aktifitas berjalan, minimal rasa nyeri sedang sehingga pasien perlu diturunkan tingkat nyerinya pada tingkat sedang dan ringan agar mampu melakukan aktifitas berjalan.
Kata Kunci : Nyeri, Kemampuan Aktivitas, Anastesi Spinal, Sectio Caesarea
TRANSFORMATION OF THE RUSSIAN OIL INDUSTRY IN 2022-2023
Authors: Yushkov I. V. 
Published: April 2024

The article examines the state of Russia’s oil industry over the period 2022 and 2023 as geopolitical changes shifted from one year to the next. The author notes that despite the sanctions pressure, Russia has successfully managed to reorient its oil markets towards Asia. Exports to India are the most actively developing; the ease of transition was due, among other things, to the availability of ready-made business in India: new refineries were built on the coast, for which oil was purchased from the nearest markets. In 2022-2023, India became the largest market for Russian oil delivered by sea. As for supplies via oil pipelines, China remains the largest consumer. Under these conditions, Russian companies have an opportunity use the competition between the countries to their advantage by reducing the discount on their products.The USA used to be the biggest buyer of Russian oil products until 2022, currently this role is taken by Turkiye. The state buys large volumes from Russia and then resells similar volumes to the EU countries. Despite the statements about different origin of oil products, formally the volumes of purchases and sales coincide.A significant role in the supply of Russian resources by sea is played by the shadow fleet, which began operating after the introduction of the «price ceiling». The fleet’s tankers have been bought off the world market by various companies that are registered offshore.There has been no reduction in production and exports due to technical problems caused by sanctions on the supply of equipment and technologies to Russia, or due to the withdrawal of Western oil service companies. Domestic structures quickly managed to establish a system of parallel imports, as well as to find alternative equipment in China.
RUSSIAN-MONGOLIAN RELATIONS: A NEW STAGE
Authors: Egorov V. G. , Belonogova A. A. 
Published: April 2024

The article characterizes the current stage of Russian-Mongolian cooperation, reveals the factors and conditions that determined the new stage of bilateral interaction after 2010. The development of cooperation is conditioned by the needs of regional interaction and the need to solve the problems of internal socio-economic process of Russia and Mongolia. The authors note that the expansion of trade and economic relations with Russia is important for Mongolia for several reasons, including diversification of the public economy, prevention of unipolar orientation of foreign economic activity and the need to solve internal socio-economic problems. The article emphasizes Mongolia’s transit potential and its role in Russia-China relations.The authors separately note that Mongolia faces economic development challenges, including low GDP and high unemployment. In this regard, the Mongolian government is implementing policies and programs aimed at economic development, employment and reducing unemployment and poverty.The intensification of relations between the two countries in the context of Russian interests contributes to the expansion of functional geopolitical space, helps to overcome the artificial isolation constructed by the West, as well as increases the transit opportunities for Russia.
Profiling consumers’ online shopping and following social media influencers behaviors
Authors: Wu Ming-Yi 
Published: April 2024

In order to develop effective digital marketing strategies, this study explores how demographic factors may affect consumers’ online shopping and following social media influencers behaviors. Market segmentation theory and consumer demographics theory provide the theoretical foundation for this study. By analyzing survey data collected from 6,034 U.S. adults with decision tree analysis, there are a number of significant findings. First, educational level, income, and age category are the important predictors for consumers’ buying things online using a desktop or laptop computer behavior. Second, age category, geographic location (urban, suburban, rural) are the predictors for consumers’ buying things online using a smartphone behavior. Third, educational level, age, and geographic location are the predictors for consumers’ preferring online shopping over in-store shopping behavior. Fourth, age category and race-ethnicity are the predictors for following social media influencers behavior. Fifth, gender and age category are the predictors for purchasing something after seeing an influencer’s posts behavior. Finally, age category and gender are the predictors for purchase decisions getting impacted by influencers. The results provide valuable insights about consumer behaviors online, market segmentation, and influencer marketing strategies.
A satellite view of the exceptionally warm summer of 2022 over Europe
Authors: Martins João P. A. , Caetano Sara , Pereira Carlos , Dutra Emanuel , Cardoso Rita M. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract. Summer heatwaves are becoming increasingly dangerous over Europe, and their close monitoring is essential for human activities. Typically, they are monitored using the 2 m temperature from meteorological weather stations or reanalysis datasets. In this study, the 2022 extremely warm summer over Europe is analysed using satellite land surface temperature (LST), specifically the LSA SAF (Land Surface Analysis Satellite Application Facility) all-sky LST product (available from 2004 onwards). Since climate applications of LST are still poorly explored, heatwave diagnostics derived from satellite observations are compared with those derived using ERA5/ERA5-Land reanalysis data. Results highlight the exceptionality of 2022 in different metrics such as the mean LST anomaly, area under extreme heat conditions, number of hot days and heatwave magnitude index. In all metrics, 2022 ranked first when compared with the remaining years. Compared to 2018 (next in all rankings), 2022 exceeded its LST anomaly by 0.7 °C and each pixel had on average 7 more hot days. Satellite LST complements reanalysis diagnostics, as higher LST anomalies occur over areas under severe drought, indicating a higher control and amplification of the heatwave by surface processes and vegetation stress. These cross-cutting diagnostics increase the confidence across satellite data records and reanalyses, fostering their usage in climate applications.