bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Microbial differences in the habitats of lithophytic bryophytes and their relationship with soil nutrients
Authors: Meng Wenping , Jingcheng Ran , Zhang Xu , Kong Deming , Liu Fang , Tong Qi , Wang Chen , Zheng Ting 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background:Lithophytic Bryophyte is a pioneer plant on the exposed rock surface in karst area,and they can alter the microorganisms in the rock habitat.
Results:At the species level, the number of species of various microorganisms in the habitat after the rocky moss was planted on the rock surface was Fungi 235, Bacteria 20535, Eukaryota 816, Archaea 503, and Viruses 155, respectively. Compared with the original control soil, the growth of various microorganisms was Fungi 52%, Bacteria 11%, Eukaryota 78%, Archaea 27%, and Viruses 146%. The number of microbial species related to carbon fixation was 2779, nitrogen fixation was 1502, phosphorus metabolism was 1750.Compared with the original control soil, the bryophytes increased by 37%, 49% and 53% respectively after planting the rock surface. Compared with the original soil, the exposed rock surface increased by 20%, nitrogen fixation by 28% and phosphorus metabolism by 31%.Microbial species with significant differences between groups,Acidimimicrobia_bacterium,Acidimimicrobiaceae_bacterium,Acidimimicrobiales_bacterium, Iamiaceae_bacterium_SCSIO_58843 is significantly positively correlated with potassium content in soil,Microcoleus_Sp._PCC_7113 is a significant negative correlated with potassium content in soil.Alphaprotoobjective_bacterium, Solirubrobacteriales_bacterium, Betaproteobjective_bacterium is a significant positive correlated with succinic acid content in soil.Chloroflexi_bacterium is a significant positive correlated with oxalic acid content insoil.Acidobacteria_bacterium,Solirubrobacterales_bacterium,Acidimicrobiaceae_bacterium is a significant negative correlated with malic acid in soil.Gemmatimonadetes_bacterium is a significant negative correlated with oxalic acid.
Smaragdicoccus_niigatensis,Gemmatimonadetes_bacterium,Nocardiaceae_bacterium_YC2-7 is significantly negatively correlated with succinic acid in soil.
Solirubrobacterales_bacterium,Archangium_gephyra is a significant negative correlated with acetic acid in soil.
Conclusions:The lithophytic bryophytes changed the microbial composition structure in the rock surface habitat, significantly increased the number of functional microorganisms, and then increased the accumulation of potassium, phosphorus, organic carbon and malic acid in the habitat, and promoted the positive development of the rock surface ecosystem.
Designing a hybrid in silico/in-cell controller robust to process-model mismatch associated with dynamically regulated enzyme overexpression
Authors: Ohkubo Tomoki 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Discrepancy between model predictions and actual processes, known as process–model mismatch (PMM), remains a serious challenge in bioprocess optimization. Previously, we proposed the hybrid in silico/in-cell controller (HISICC) concept combining model-based optimization with cell-based feedback to address the PMM problem. Herein, this approach was advanced to regulate intracellular concentrations of rate-limiting enzymes. Advanced HISICC was demonstrated using an engineered Escherichia coli strain for fatty acid production (FA3). This strain harbors an in-cell feedback controller, which decelerates acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) overexpression in response to sensing the concentration of malonyl-CoA formed by this enzyme. A mathematical model for FA3 was constructed and validated using experimental data. Simulations assuming various PMM revealed that the HISICC using FA3 effectively mitigates toxicity from excessive ACC by robustly adapting braking its overexpression, minimizing yield loss. This study confirmed HISICC as a viable strategy for enhancing bioprocess efficiency, especially in balancing the bottleneck enzyme levels.
An Effective Approach Towards the Existence of a Nonlinear Functional Integro-differential Equations
Authors: Kazemi Manochehr , Deep Amar , Sahebi Hamid Reza 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate the existence of a solution for a functional integro-differential equation. To achieve this, we employ noncompactness measures and utilize fundamental fixed point theorems, such as Petryshyn’s fixed theorem, in the framwork of Banach spaces. Then this paper introduces a robust approach, based on fixed point theory, for proving the existence of solutions to the integro-differential equation. Finally, we present several examples of equations to demonstrate the applicability of our results to a broad range of integral equations.
Evaluating Bias and Fairness in AI: An Analysis of YouTube’s Recommendation Algorithm and its Impact on Geopolitical Discourse
Authors: Cakmak Mert Can , Agarwal Nitin , Okeke Obianuju , Onyepunuka Ugochukwu , Spann Billy 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Exposure to online information is often determined by recommendation algorithms that introduce unintended biases when information system platforms attempt to deliver content that is engaging and relevant to their users. Further investigation into the fairness of AI-powered recommendation systems is crucial to understanding technology’s effect on societal behavior. This study underscores the need for further investigations of algorithmic biases within these AI-powered information systems, particularly in the context of geopolitical discourse. Our investigations examine the behavior of YouTube’s recommendation algorithm regarding narratives from the Indo-Pacific region to identify potential biases and study the decision-making behavior of the algorithm. For our analysis, we collected recommended videos across five recommendation depths originating from seed videos related to our narratives. We used drift analysis to examine the evolution of various video characteristics such as emotion, sentiment, and content at each depth. Network analysis was also performed on each depth of recommended videos to determine the "highly-influential" videos responsible for driving the recommendations at each depth. Our analysis reveals narrative-dependent drifts from the original content and emotion present in our seed videos in YouTube’s recommendations. We also observe that highly influential videos at each depth act as attractors, directing content across recommendations where attractors in each depth can become topically unrelated to the original content. The contributions of this analysis add a layer of understanding to the "black-box" nature of the YouTube recommendation algorithm. This study also provides a quantifiable approach for assessing fairness in information systems that are capable of influencing vulnerable populations.
The Relationship between Modifiable Lifestyle Factors and Breast Diseases: A Mendelian Randomization Study
Authors: Yang Zhuojing , Wang Lili , Han Minghua , He Yapeng , Zhao Jian , Zhao Qian 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background This study aimed to employ mendelian randomization to systematically investigate the causal effects of genetic predispositions and modifiable lifestyle factors on breast diseases.
MethodsIn this mendelian randomization study, we leveraged large-scale genetic data from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) to assess the causal effects of modifiable lifestyle factors. Instrumental variable analysis was performed using genetic variants associated with each lifestyle factor as instruments. Sensitivity analyses were conducted to assess the robustness of findings.
Results We applied instrumental variable weighted (IVW) analysis to investigate causal link. Specifically, an increased risk of overall BC was observed with longer sleep duration (OR=1.33, 95% CI: 1.01-1.74, P=0.04) and decreased with more years of schooling (OR=0.91, 95% CI: 0.83-0.99, P=0.04) and greater fresh fruit intake (OR=0.64, 95% CI: 0.46-0.90, P=0.01). For ER+ BC, both increased sleep duration (OR=1.49, 95% CI: 1.12-2.00, P=0.007) and greater fresh fruit consumption (OR=0.65, 95% CI: 0.44-0.95, P=0.02) showed significant associations. In contrast, the risk of developing ER-BC decreased with increased education (OR=0.73, 95% CI: 0.64-0.84, P=0.000005) and fresh fruit intake (OR=0.55, 95% CI: 0.31-0.99, P=0.04) but increased with increased processed meat consumption (OR=1.78, 95% CI: 1.11-2.84, P=0.016). Benign neoplasm of breast was linked to higher physical activity levels (OR=3.13, 95% CI: 1.07-9.10, P=0.0368), more years of education (OR=0.63, 95% CI: 0.46-0.866, P=0.003), and greater processed meat consumption (OR=3.84, 95% CI: 1.25-11.84, P=0.019). Moreover, inflammatory disorders of breast were correlated with pack years of smoking (OR=4.18, 95% CI: 1.10-15.70, P=0.034), higher BMI (OR=1.97, 95% CI: 1.40-2.72, P=0.00004), and fewer years of schooling (OR=0.47, 95% CI: 0.29-0.77, P=0.003). These findings underscore the complexity of lifestyle influences on different types of breast pathologies and highlight the importance of considering specific disease mechanisms in lifestyle recommendations.
Conclusions This MR study provides evidence supporting the significant role of modifiable lifestyle factors in breast diseases. The findings underscore the importance of adopting healthy lifestyle habits for the prevention and management of breast diseases.
A joint similarity matrix learning of multi-view data for RGB-T saliency detection
Authors: Wang Fan , She Yanhong , Ding Weiping , Qian Yuhua , Peng Guohua 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Graph-based saliency detection has aroused considerable attention due to its ability to extract object of interest from the natural scenes. However, the most existing methods usually consisted the graph constrcution and initial back-gorund/foreground seeds selection, which may simplify the relationship among multi-view data and results in an inaccurate in complicated scenes. To our knowledge , the success of the graph-based saliency detection methods mainly rely on the qulaity of graph. In this paper, we target to achieve a joint similarity matrix learning (AJSML) from multi-view data based on graph diffusion process, which is committed to facilitating the RGB-T saliency detection task. Our assumption is that salient object in the complicaed scene always tend to be similarity appearance and compactness distribution in spatial domain. Specifically, we first design a generalized framework to simultaneously learn the high quality graph and similarity matrix for multi-view data. Thus, the similarity relationship and correlation information of multi-view data can be effectively diffused on the high quality graph, which is conducive to generating a faithful similarity matrix. Further, we present a post-processing technology called an adaptive weighted semi-supervised 1 learning (AWSL), integrating saliency information and cross-modality graphs, is developed to promote the accuracy degree of saliency results. Finally, extensive experimental results on well-known benchmark RGB-T, RGB, and RGB-D datasets demonstrate the superiority of the proposed method, in comparison to several state-of-the-art methods.
Reducing COVID-19 Misinformation Spread by Introducing Information Diffusion Delay Using Agent-based Modeling
Authors: Alassad Mustafa , Agarwal Nitin 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

With the explosive growth of the Coronavirus Pandemic (COVID-19), misinformation on social media has developed into a global phenomenon with widespread and detrimental societal effects. Despite recent progress and efforts in detecting COVID-19 misinformation on social media networks, this task remains challenging due to the complexity, diversity, multi-modality, and high costs of fact-checking or annotation. In this research, we introduce a systematic and multidisciplinary agent-based modeling approach to limit the spread of COVID-19 misinformation and interpret the dynamic actions of users and communities in evolutionary online (or offline) social media networks. Our model was applied to a Twitter network associated with an armed protest demonstration against the COVID-19 lockdown in Michigan state in May 2020. We implemented a one-median problem to categorize the Twitter network into six key communities (nodes) and identified information exchange (links) within the network. We measured the response time to COVID-19 misinformation spread in the network and employed a cybernetic organizational method to monitor the Twitter network. The overall misinformation mitigation strategy was evaluated, and agents were allocated to interact with the network based on the measured response time and feedback. The proposed model prioritized the communities based on the agents’ response times at the operational level. It then optimized agent allocation to limit the spread of COVID-19 related misinformation from different communities, improved the information diffusion delay threshold to up to 3 minutes, and ultimately enhanced the mitigation process to reduce misinformation spread across the entire network.
Advancing Land Equity in Urban Planning: A Prototype “GisEquity” Integrating GIS and Python Algorithm for Fair Land Allocation in Morocco
Authors: Otmane YAZIDI ALAOUI 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

The valuation of building plots is intricately linked to their development potential and the density permitted by urban planning regulations. However, contemporary urban planning documents have increasingly become instruments for either enriching or impoverishing Moroccans, emphasizing the necessity of upholding the principle of land equity as mandated by Moroccan law. This article presents a prototype that leverages Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and a Python algorithm to promote land, social, and territorial equity in public land development policies, particularly within the framework of urban development plans, while navigating the complexities of the Moroccan land landscape. To achieve this objective, a Spatial Data Warehouse (SDW) has been established, integrating official census data from 2014 obtained from the Haut Commissariat au Plan (HCP) website, alongside pertinent geographic information for the commune of Bni-Makada in the Tangier region. This SDW will be enhanced with a spatial layer delineating the various legal regimes governing land ownership in Morocco, including the State's public and private domains, forest lands, private property, collective land, “guiche” land, and “habous” land. Furthermore, a Python algorithm has been developed to harness the data within the SDW, enabling essential operations such as rotation and translation to identify optimal land locations that uphold principles of equity. Additionally, the algorithm can determine the fairest location based on motivated intersection percentages, ensuring comprehensive consideration of relevant factors in decision-making processes.
Activation of NPY2R-expressing amygdala neurons inhibits itch behavior in mice without lateralization
Authors: Pavlenko Darya , Seven Zeynep Todurga , Sanders Kristen , Markan Anika , Verpile Rebecca , Ishida Hirotake , Costco Dylan , Akiyama Tasuku 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

The central amygdala (CeA) is a crucial hub in the processing of affective itch, containing a diverse array of neuronal populations. Among these components, Neuropeptide Y (NPY) and its receptors, such as NPY2R, affect various physiological and psychological processes. Despite this broad impact, the precise role of NPY2R+ CeA neurons in itch modulation remains unknown, particularly concerning any potential lateralization effects. To address this, we employed optogenetics to selectively stimulate NPY2R+ CeA neurons in mice, investigating their impact on itch modulation. Optogenetic activation of NPY2R+ CeA neurons reduced scratching behavior elicited by pruritogens without exhibiting any lateralization effects. Electrophysiological recordings confirmed increased neuronal activity upon stimulation. However, this modulation did not affect thermal sensitivity, mechanical sensitivity, or inflammatory pain. Additionally, no alterations in anxiety-like behaviors or locomotion were observed upon stimulation. Projection tracing revealed connections of NPY2R+ CeA neurons to brain regions implicated in itch processing. Overall, this comprehensive study highlights the role of NPY2R+ CeA neurons in itch regulation without any lateralization effects.
“Whoever has the most publications win”: time pressure, accelerated research processes and research integrity in contemporary academia
Authors: Sørensen Mads P. , Lambert Marina , Ravn Tine 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

The paper analyses the merit and reward system in contemporary academia and its influence on current knowledge production. This is done via a secondary analysis of 36 focus group interviews across seven European countries in which 172 researchers took part. Across countries, disciplines, gender, and seniority the interviewees paint a strikingly similar picture of the current reward and merit system in academia, which is perceived to reward speed and quantityat the expense of quality and integrity, and thereby potentially harming the robustness of the knowledge produced. The interviewees likewise express a longing for a more qualitative assessment system (in line with the ideas of the ‘research assessment reform movement’, cf. DORA, CoARA etc.). The theoretical frame for the analysis consists of theories of acceleration-related change in academia (Rosa, 2010, 2013, Ylijoki and Mäntylä, 2003; Ylijoki, 2015; Vostal, 2015, Vostal et al., 2019; Müller, 2014; Felt, 2017). The study uses this theoretical lens to give a unique insight into the effects of accelerated research processes on contemporary knowledge production, including a deeper understanding of the widespread use of questionable research practices (QRPs).
Understanding Minangkabau Culture and its Impact on Weight Management Strategies in Overweight and Obese Women: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Dewi Sri , Setyowati Setyowati , Rachmawati Imami Nur , Ayubi Dian 
Published: May 2024

Background
Overweight and obesity have a particular impact on women; thus, overweight and obese women need to modify their lifestyle in order to lose weight. Diet and exercise are part of the lifestyle influenced by the values of society.

Objective
This study aimed to explore the influence of Minangkabau cultural values on weight management strategies among obese women, aiming to identify culturally appropriate interventions.

Methods
The data were collected through Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) and semi-structured interviews between 35 overweight and obese women, two Minangkabau community leaders, and three health workers in Solok, West Sumatra Province, from June to December 2022. The data were analysed using a descriptive-qualitative approach with thematic content analysis and Colaizzi’s method.

Results
Our analysis revealed three primary themes: eating habits being more desire-driven, less nutritious, and irregular; infrequent exercise due to physical and psychosocial barriers; and significant challenges in weight management due to social and cultural values.

Conclusion
The study highlights the profound influence of Minangkabau cultural values on diet and exercise habits among overweight and obese women, including foods containing coconut milk and fried foods served as the daily menu at home and traditional events; behavioural rules for women to dress without revealing their curves; the prohibition to exercise in public and walk alone; and the significance of obesity as a symbol of prosperity. There is a need for a strategy to encourage healthy diet and exercise habits in society in accordance with the Minangkabau cultural values for women. A support group consisting of numerous obese women, their families, and community leaders is also required.
Research on Public-Private Partnership (PPP) Investment under Build - Operate - Transfer (BOT) and Build-Lease-Transfer (BLT) Contract Types in the High-Speed North-South Rail Project (HSR), the Hanoi - Vinh Line
Authors: Dung Nguyen Thi Tuyet , Dung Nguyen Huu , Hai Dinh Tuan 
Published: May 2024

Introduction
The North-South high-speed rail development is a completely new field in Vietnam. Calculations show that Vietnam's high-speed rail system will attract a significant amount of investment, which is 4-5 times higher than developing highways, and the annual operation and maintenance costs are three times higher.

Methods
Public-Private Partnership (PPP) investment is effective and required to ease the strain on the state budget. This research aims to build a database for calculating the financial efficiency of the high-speed rail project (Hanoi -Vinh line), thereby establishing a mechanism for sharing benefits and risks between the state and investors through financial scenarios: applying Build - Operate - Transfer (BOT) contracts with state participation rates of 50% and 80%, respectively.

Results
The qualitative research method is used to determine the indicators influencing the project's benefits and costs, assume and adjust economic, financial, and fare parameters based on Vietnam's actual conditions, and investigate and survey the affected areas to assess passenger transport demand.

Conclusion
Furthermore, the financial efficiency of the project is calculated, and various participation options for the parties involved are proposed to attract investors.
Analisa Erosi dan Sedimentasi Berbasis SIG (Sistem Informasi Geografis) Pada Hulu Sub DAS Pacal Kabupaten Bojonegoro
Authors: Aprilio Muhammad Dafa' , Ussy Andawayanti  , Linda Prasetyorini  
Published: May 2024

Abstrak: Penggunaan lahan yang tidak sesuai mempengaruhi terjadinya bencana longsor, dan banjir di bagian hilir Hulu Sub DAS Pacal. Studi in bertujuan untuk menganalisa laju erosi & sedimentasi, tingkat bahaya erosi pada Hulu Sub DAS Pacal, dan memberikan saran berupa arahan tata guna lahan dan bangunan pengendali sedimen yang sesuai dengan kondisi Hulu Sub DAS Pacal. Data yang dibutuhkan dalam penelitian ini yakni data curah hujan tahunan tahun 2012-2021, peta jenis tanah, peta kemiringan lereng, dan peta tata guna lahan. Dari hasil analisa diperoleh laju erosi tahunan pada Hulu Sub DAS Pacal diperoleh sebesar 575632.427 ton/tahun, laju sedimentasi tahunan menggunakan nilai SDR diperoleh sebesar 66801.078 ton/tahun. Hasil analisis tingkat bahaya erosi pada Hulu Sub DAS Pacal memiliki 5 kriteria yakni sangat ringan dengan luas 2187.887 Ha, ringan dengan luas 2467.503 Ha, sedang dengan luas 1152.400 Ha, berat dengan luas 716.453 Ha, sangat berat dengan luas 192.397 Ha. Hasil dari analisa tata guna lahan baru menunjukan pengurangan laju erosi sebesar 182231.529 ton/tahun, dan perencanaan checkdam direncanakan pada Sub DAS yang kritis yakni pada subdas 8 dan 9 dengan volume tampungan sebesar 3787.879 m3 dan 3750 m3.

Abstract: Land conversation activities that are inconsistent affect the occurrence of landslides and flooding of the lower section of the watershed. This study is intended to analyze rate of erosion & sedimentation, erosion hazard level in Upper Section of Pacal Sub Watershed, and provided advise such a land use and sediment control structures that suits the condition of Upper Section of Pacal Sub Watershed. The data that is required for this study is yearly rainfall data from 2012-2021, soil type map, slope map, land-use map. Basen on the result, it can be concluded that The rate of the erosion each year in the Upper Section of Pacal Sub Watershed obtained raises 575632.427 ton/year, and rate of the sedimentation using value of SDR and obtained value of the rate of the sedimentation raises 66801.078 ton/year. The result of a erosion hazard level in Upper Section of Pacal Sub Watershed have 5 criteria namely very light with an area of 2187.887 Ha, light with an area of 2467.503 Ha, medium with an area of 1152.400 Ha. Heavy with an area of 716.453 Ha, very heavy with an area of 192.397 Ha. Result of the new land-use that shows that reduction of rate of the erosion raises 182231.529 ton/year, and the checkdam planned on Sub Watershed that critical which is Sub Watershed 8 and 9 with storage volume raises 3787.879 m3 and 3750 m3.