bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Relatively Socially Acceptable Prejudice Within and Between Societies
Authors: West Keon , Hewstone Miles 
Published: August 2011

ABSTRACTTwo studies investigated the relative social acceptability of certain prejudices within a society (Study 1) and between societies (Study 2), using (less) internal motivation to control prejudice as an indicator of social acceptability. In Study 1, White British participants reported less internal motivation to control prejudice against people with schizophrenia than against Black people. In Study 2, Jamaican participants reported less internal motivation to control anti‐homosexual prejudice than did either British participants or American participants. Other differences in motivation to control prejudice were smaller, absent, or at odds with this difference, indicating that differences in motivation to control anti‐homosexual prejudice were not solely due to cultural differences concerning motivation to control prejudice in general. Results are discussed in terms of novel findings, relevance to the literature and possible future research. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Spatial Variation of Haloacetic Acids in Indoor and Outdoor Desalinated Household Drinking Water in Kuwait
Authors: Al‐Mudhaf Humood F. , Selim Mustafa I. , Astel Aleksander M. , Abu‐Shady Abdel‐Sattar I. 
Published: August 2011

AbstractThe present study reveals spatial variability of haloacetic acids and the basic physiochemical properties of drinking water samples through visualization based on the Kriging algorithm and hierarchical cluster analysis. Both projection and statistical method contributed to the logical classification of the indoor and outdoor water samples collected from various governorates covering more than 95% of the residential areas in Kuwait. Clustering of the variables led to the formation of several significant clusters corresponding to the effect of chlorine concentration and its residence time on the formation potential of chlorinated acetic acid derivatives in desalinated drinking water as well as to the total ionic composition of water samples and to the effect of the formation of brominated acetic acid derivatives. Clustering of samples, both indoor and outdoor, indicated that all of governorates located in the northern part of Kuwait are supplied with water containing high concentrations of chlorinated acetic acid derivatives, whereas significantly lower amounts of chlorinated or monobrominated acetic acids were found in water samples in the central and southern parts of the country.
Metal Retention Experiments for the Design of Soil‐Mix Technology Permeable Reactive Barriers
Authors: Ouellet‐Plamondon Claudiane , Lynch Rod , Al‐Tabbaa Abir 
Published: August 2011

AbstractSoil‐mix technology is effective for the construction of permeable reactive barriers (PRBs) for in situ groundwater treatment. The objective of this study was to perform initial experiments for the design of soil‐mix technology PRBs according to (i) sorption isotherm, (ii) reaction kinetics and (iii) mass balance of the contaminants. The four tested reactive systems were: (i) a granular zeolite (clinoptilolite–GZ), (ii) a granular organoclay (GO), (iii) a 1:1‐mixture GZ and model sandy clayey soil and (iv) a 1:1:1‐mixture of GZ, GO and model soil. The laboratory experiments consisted of batch tests (volume 900 mL and sorbent mass 18 g) with a multimetal solution of Pb, Cu, Zn, Cd and Ni. For the adsorption experiment, the initial concentrations ranged from 0.01 to 0.5 mM (2.5 to 30 mg/L). The maximum metal retention was measured in a batch test (300 mg/L for each metal, volume 900 mL, sorbent mass 90–4.5 g). The reactive material efficiency order was found to be GZ > GZ‐soil mix > GZ‐soil‐GO mix > GO. Langmuir isotherms modelled the adsorption, even in presence of a mixed cations solution. Adsorption was energetically favourable and spontaneous in all cases. Metals were removed according to the second order reaction kinetics; GZ and the 1:1‐mix were very similar. The maximum retention capacity was 0.1–0.2 mmol/g for Pb in the presence of clinoptilolite; for Cu, Zn, Cd and Ni, it was below 0.05 mmol/g for the four reactive systems. Mixing granular zeolite, organoclay and model soil increased the chemisorption. Providing that GZ is reactive enough for the specific conditions, GZ can be mixed to obtain the required sorption. Granular clinoptilolite addition to soil is recommended for PRBs for metal contaminated groundwater.
Complementary medicine for fatigue and cortisol variability in breast cancer survivors
Authors: Jain Shamini , Pavlik Desiree , Distefan Janet , Bruyere Reverend Rosalyn L. , Acer Julia , Garcia Rosalie , Coulter Ian , Ives John , Roesch Scott C. , Jonas Wayne , Mills Paul J. 
Published: August 2011

AbstractBACKGROUND:Fatigue is a chief complaint in cancer patients, and warrants effective treatment. Biofield therapies are complementary medicine approaches used by cancer populations. There is little information about their efficacy.METHODS:This blinded, randomized controlled trial examined the effects of 4 weeks (eight 1‐hour sessions) of biofield healing compared with mock healing and a waitlist control group on fatigue in 76 fatigued breast cancer survivors (stages I‐IIIa). Secondary outcomes were diurnal cortisol variability (via estimates of cortisol slope), depression, and quality of life (QOL). Treatment belief was assessed to explore whether belief predicted outcomes. Data were analyzed via hierarchical linear modeling.RESULTS:There were no significant differences between biofield healing and mock healing on belief; 75% thought they received biofield healing. Compared with controls, biofield healing significantly decreased total fatigue (P < .0005, Cohen's d = 1.04), as did mock healing (P = .02, Cohen's d = 0.68), with no significant differences between biofield healing and mock healing. Cortisol slope significantly decreased for biofield healing versus both mock healing and control (P < .04 in both cases; Cohen's d = 0.58). Belief predicted changes in QOL over and above group (P = .004, Cohen's d = 0.84). Belief did not impact fatigue or cortisol variability.CONCLUSIONS:Nonspecific factors are important in responses to biofield interventions for fatigue. Belief predicts QOL responses but not fatigue or cortisol variability. Biofield therapies increase cortisol variability independent of belief and other nonspecific factors. There is a need to further examine the effects of specific processes of biofield healing on outcomes for cancer populations. Cancer 2012;. © 2011 American Cancer Society.
Effect of CYP2D6 polymorphisms on breast cancer recurrence
Authors: Morrow Phuong K. , Serna Ruben , Broglio Kristine , Pusztai Lajos , Nikoloff D. Michelle , Hillman Grantland R. , Fontecha Marcel , Li Rui , Michaud Laura , Hortobagyi Gabriel , Gonzalez‐Angulo Ana M. 
Published: August 2011

AbstractBACKGROUND:Previous studies evaluating the effect of cytochrome P450 2D6 (CYP2D6) polymorphisms on outcomes of adjuvant tamoxifen therapy have been conflicting due to differences in study design, concomitant medications that alter CYP2D6 metabolism, and tamoxifen adherence.METHODS:The authors performed CYP2D6 genotyping from whole blood and fresh frozen tumor samples (n 106) in patients at The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center who were receiving, or had received, tamoxifen as adjuvant therapy for early breast cancer (EBC), using the AmpliChip CYP450 Test. Each patient's medical history was assessed for drugs that affected CYP2D6. Fifty‐five patients who had experienced breast cancer recurrence were matched (by date of diagnosis, menopausal status, clinical stage [TNM Staging System], and race) to patients without recurrence.RESULTS:Unadjusted for other patient characteristics, the odds ratio for disease recurrence associated with CYP2D6 functional status was 1.0 (95% confidence interval, 0.35‐2.85). After adjustment for stage, CYP2D6 inhibitors (moderate or strong vs none), and follow‐up time, no significant association was found between CYP2D6 genotype and breast cancer recurrence in patients who were treated with adjuvant tamoxifen for EBC.CONCLUSIONS:This case‐control study demonstrated no significant effect of CYP2D6 genotype on risk of recurrence in breast cancer patients who received adjuvant tamoxifen therapy. Cancer 2012;. © 2011 American Cancer Society.
Efficacy of imatinib mesylate for the treatment of locally advanced and/or metastatic tenosynovial giant cell tumor/pigmented villonodular synovitis
Authors: Cassier Philippe A. , Gelderblom Hans , Stacchiotti Silvia , Thomas David , Maki Robert G. , Kroep Judith R. , van der Graaf Winette T. , Italiano Antoine , Seddon Beatrice , Dômont Julien , Bompas Emanuelle , Wagner Andrew J. , Blay Jean‐Yves 
Published: August 2011

AbstractBACKGROUND:Pigmented villonodular synovitis (PVNS) (also known as diffuse‐type giant cell tumor) and tenosynovial giant cell tumors (TGCT) are rare, usually benign neoplasms that affect the synovium and tendon sheaths in young adults. These tumors are driven by the overexpression of colony stimulating factor‐1 (CSF1). CSF1 is expressed by a minority of tumor cells, which, in turn attract non‐neoplastic inflammatory cells that express CSF1 receptor (CSF1R) through a paracrine effect.METHODS:Imatinib mesylate (IM) blocks CSF1R, and previous case reports indicated that it also exerts antitumor activity in PVNS. The authors conducted a multi‐institutional retrospective study to assess the activity of IM in patients with locally advanced/metastatic PVNS/TGCT.RESULTS:Twenty‐nine patients from 12 institutions in Europe, Australia, and the United States were included. There were 13 men, the median age was 41 years, and the most common site of disease was the knee (n = 17; 59%). Two patients had metastatic disease to the lung and/or bone. Five of 27 evaluable patients had Response Evaluation in Solid Tumor (RECIST) responses (overall response rate, 19%; 1 complete response and 4 partial responses), and 20 of 27 patients (74%) had stable disease. Symptomatic improvement was noted in 16 of 22 patients (73%) who were assessable for symptoms. Despite a high rate of symptomatic improvement and a favorable safety profile, 6 patients discontinued because of toxicity, and 4 patients decided to discontinue IM for no clear medical reason.CONCLUSIONS:IM displayed interesting activity in patients with PVNS/TGCT, providing proof of concept for targeting CSF1R in this disease. The authors concluded that the benefits of alleviating morbidity in patients with localized PVNS/TGCT must be balanced against the potential toxicity of chronic drug therapy. Cancer 2011;. © 2011 American Cancer Society.
Educational achievement in Swiss childhood cancer survivors compared with the general population
Authors: Kuehni Claudia E. , Strippoli Marie‐Pierre F. , Rueegg Corina S. , Rebholz Cornelia E. , Bergstraesser Eva , Grotzer Michael , von der Weid Nicolas X. , Michel Gisela ,   for the Swiss Pediatric Oncology Group (SPOG)
Published: August 2011

AbstractBACKGROUND:The objective of this study was to describe educational achievements of childhood cancer survivors in Switzerland compared with the general population. In particular, the authors investigated educational problems during childhood, final educational achievement in adulthood, and its predictors.METHODS:Childhood cancer survivors who were aged <16 years at diagnosis from 1976 to 2003 who had survived for ≥5 years and were currently ages 20 to 40 years received a postal questionnaire during 2007 to 2009. Controls were respondents of the Swiss Health Survey ages 20 to 40 years. Educational achievement included compulsory schooling, vocational training, upper secondary schooling, and university degree. The analysis was weighted to optimize comparability of the populations. The authors analyzed the association between demographic and clinical predictors and educational achievement using multivariable logistic regression. Subgroup analyses focused on survivors aged ≥27 years.RESULTS:One‐third of survivors encountered educational problems during schooling (30% repeated 1 year, and 35% received supportive tutoring). In the total sample, more survivors than controls achieved compulsory schooling only (8.7% vs 5.2%) and fewer acquired a university degree (7.3% vs 11%), but more survivors than controls achieved an upper secondary education (36.1 vs 24.1%). In those aged ≥27 years, differences in compulsory schooling and university education largely disappeared. In survivors and controls, sex, nationality, language region, and migration background were strong predictors of achievement. Survivors of central nervous system tumors or those who had a relapse had poorer outcomes (P < .05).CONCLUSIONS:Childhood cancer survivors encountered problems during schooling and completed professional education with some delay. However, with the exception of patients who had central nervous system tumors and those who experienced a relapse, the final educational achievement in survivors of child cancer was comparable to that of the general population. Cancer 2012;. © 2011 American Cancer Society.
Modifying effect of MDM4 variants on risk of HPV16‐associated squamous cell carcinoma of oropharynx
Authors: Yu Hongping , Sturgis Erich M. , Liu Zhensheng , Wang Li‐E. , Wei Qingyi , Li Guojun 
Published: August 2011

AbstractBACKGROUND:The p53 pathway plays a critical role in maintaining genomic stability and preventing tumor formation. Given the roles of both MDM4 and HPV16 E6 oncoproteins in inhibition of p53 activity, we tested the hypothesis that MDM4 polymorphisms are associated with the risk of HPV16‐associated squamous cell carcinoma of head and neck (SCCHN).METHODS:Genotyping was conducted on 3 tagging single nucleotide polymorphisms (rs11801299 G>A, rs10900598 G>T, and rs1380576 C>G) in MDM4, and serology was used to determine HPV 16 exposure in 380 cases and 335 cancer‐free controls that were frequency‐matched by age, sex, smoking, and drinking status.RESULTS:None of 3 MDM4 polymorphisms alone was significantly associated with risk of overall SCCHN. With further analysis stratified by HPV16 serology and tumor site, we found that each polymorphism individually modified the risk of HPV16‐associated squamous cell carcinoma of the oropharynx (SCCOP), and such effect modification was particularly pronounced in never smokers and never drinkers.CONCLUSION:The risk of HPV16‐associated SCCOP could be modified by MDM4 polymorphisms. Large and prospective studies are needed to validate our findings. Cancer 2011;. © 2011 American Cancer Society.
Synthesis of 1‐Heteroaryl‐ and 1,3‐Bis(heteroaryl)azulenes: Electrophilic Heteroarylation of Azulenes with the Triflates of N‐Containing Heteroarenes
Authors: Shoji Taku , Ito Shunji , Higashi Jyunya , Morita Noboru 
Published: August 2011

AbstractAn efficient synthesis of 1‐heteroaryl‐ and 1,3‐bis(heteroaryl)azulenes was established by electrophilic substitution. The reaction of azulenes and 1,1′‐biazulene with the triflate of N‐containing heteroarenes proceeded smoothly in the presence of excess heteroarenes to afford the corresponding 1‐dihydroheteroaryl‐ and 1,3‐bis(dihydroheteroaryl)azulene derivatives in good yields. The 1‐dihydroheteroaryl‐ and 1,3‐bis(dihydroheteroaryl)azulene derivatives were readily converted into the desired 1‐heteroaryl‐ and 1,3‐bis(heteroaryl)azulenes by treatment with tBuOK in DMSO or KOH in EtOH in excellent yields. The pyridinium salts 26+·I– and 272+·2I– were also prepared by the reaction of 4a and 5a with methyl iodide. 1‐Heteroaryl‐ and 1,3‐bis(heteroaryl)azulenes exhibited a significant color change in acetic acid from that in dichloromethane due to the development of intramolecular charge‐transfer (CT) absorption bands.
Human cortical theta reactivity to high‐frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation
Authors: Azila Noh Nor , Fuggetta Giorgio 
Published: August 2011

AbstractElectroencephalography (EEG) can directly monitor the temporal progression of cortical changes induced by repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS) and facilitate the understanding of cortical and subcortical influences in the genesis of oscillations. In this combined rTMS/EEG study, we aimed to investigate changes in oscillatory activity after high‐frequency (∼11 Hz) rTMS relative to the number of applied pulses. Twenty intermittent trains of 20 or 60 rTMS pulses were delivered over the human primary motor cortex at rest and tuned to individual mu frequency. The regional and interregional oscillatory neural activity after stimulation were evaluated using event‐related power (ERPow) and event‐related coherence (ERCoh) transformations. The most prominent changes for ERPow were observed in the theta band (4–7 Hz), as an increase in ERPow up to 20 s following 60 rTMS pulses, whereas ERPow increases were smaller in mu (10–12 Hz) and beta (13–30 Hz). ERCoh revealed that rTMS 60 modulated the connectivity in the theta band for up to 20 s. The topography of mu and theta changes were not identical; mu was more focal and theta was more global. Our data suggested the presence of independent cortical theta and mu generators with different reactivity to rTMS but could not rule out possible thalamocortical contributions in generating theta and mu over the motor network. Hum Brain Mapp 33:2224–2237, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Health insurance for undocumented immigrants: opportunities and barriers on the Mexican side of the US border
Authors: Arredondo Armando , Orozco Emanuel , Wallace Steven P. , Rodríguez Michael 
Published: August 2011

SUMMARYObjectiveThis article aims to identify opportunities, barriers and challenges in Mexico's policy networks for the development of healthcare programs for undocumented migrants in the USA and their families.MethodsWe used policy analysis, in‐depth interviews and a case study. Key stakeholders at the federal, state and municipal levels in one major migrant‐sending state were interviewed. We also conducted an in‐depth case study of one community to obtain the perceptions of local health workers, migrant families and local nongovernmental organizations.ResultsFindings identified opportunities and barriers involving the stakeholders, institutions, social interactions and types of relationships necessary for further progress on binational policies. There was wide interest in creating binational health insurance with different degrees of potential involvement by political actors and variation in local actors' willingness to be covered by some type of health insurance scheme.ConclusionsThe use of the opportunities to overcome barriers depends on the identification of high, medium or low interaction among key stakeholders, integration of coalitions and negotiating skills of all stakeholders involved. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Vegetable and fruit intake after diagnosis and risk of prostate cancer progression
Authors: Richman Erin L. , Carroll Peter R. , Chan June M. 
Published: August 2011

AbstractCruciferous vegetables, tomato sauce and legumes have been associated with reduced risk of incident advanced prostate cancer. In vitro and animal studies suggest these foods may inhibit progression of prostate cancer, but there are limited data in men. Therefore, we prospectively examined whether intake of total vegetables, and specifically cruciferous vegetables, tomato sauce and legumes, after diagnosis reduce risk of prostate cancer progression among 1,560 men diagnosed with non‐metastatic prostate cancer and participating in the Cancer of the Prostate Strategic Urologic Research Endeavor, a United States prostate cancer registry. As a secondary analysis, we also examined other vegetable subgroups, total fruit and subgroups of fruits. The participants were diagnosed primarily at community‐based clinics and followed from 2004 to 2009. We assessed vegetable and fruit intake via a semi‐quantitative food frequency questionnaire, and ascertained prostate cancer outcomes via urologist report and medical records. We observed 134 events of progression (53 biochemical recurrences, 71 secondary treatments likely due to recurrence, 6 bone metastases and 4 prostate cancer deaths) during 3,171 person‐years. Men in the fourth quartile of post‐diagnostic cruciferous vegetable intake had a statistically significant 59% decreased risk of prostate cancer progression compared to men in the lowest quartile (hazard ratio (HR): 0.41; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.22, 0.76; p‐trend: 0.003). No other vegetable or fruit group was statistically significantly associated with risk of prostate cancer progression. In conclusion, cruciferous vegetable intake after diagnosis may reduce risk of prostate cancer progression.
Ethyl pyruvate protects rats from phosgene‐induced pulmonary edema by inhibiting cyclooxygenase2 and inducible nitric oxide synthase expression
Authors: Chen Hong‐li , Bai Hua , Xi Miao‐miao , Liu Riu , Qin Xu‐jun , Liang Xin , Zhang Wei , Zhang Xiao‐di , Li Wen‐li , Hai Chun‐xu 
Published: August 2011

ABSTRACTPhosgene is a poorly water‐soluble gas penetrating the lower respiratory tract which can induce acute lung injury characterized by a latent phase of fatal pulmonary edema. Pulmonary edema caused by phosgene is believed to be a consequence of oxidative stress and inflammatory responses. Ethyl pyruvate (EP) has been demonstrated to have anti‐inflammatory and anti‐oxidative properties in vivo and in vitro. The potential therapeutic role of EP in phosgene‐induced pulmonary edema has not been addressed so far. In the present study, we aim to investigate the protective effects of EP on phosgene‐induced pulmonary edema and the underlying mechanisms. Rats were administered with EP (40 mg kg−1) and RAW264.7 cells were also incubated with it (0, 2, 5 or 10 µm) immediately after phosgene (400 ppm, 1 min) or air exposure. Wet‐to‐dry lung weight ratio (W:D ratio), nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) production, cyclooxygenase2 (COX‐2) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression, and mitogen‐activated protein kinases activities (MAPKs) were measured. Our results showed that EP treatment attenuated phosgene‐induced pulmonary edema and decreased the level of NO and PGE2 dose‐dependently. Furthermore, EP significantly reduced COX‐2 expression, iNOS expression and MAPK activation induced by phosgene. Moreover, specific inhibitors of MAPKs reduced COX‐2 and iNOS expression induced by phosgene. These findings suggested that EP has a protective role against phosgene‐induced pulmonary edema, which is mediated in part by inhibiting MAPK activation and subsequently down‐regulating COX‐2 and iNOS expression as well as decreasing the production of NO and PGE2. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Aberrant expression profiles of isoproterenol‐induced endoplasmic reticulum stress response genes in mouse myocardium
Authors: Chen Lin , Zhang Weiguang , He Juan , Dong Qin , Li Fenglan , Li Hui 
Published: August 2011

AbstractIn this study, we identified the aberrant expression profiles of isoproterenol‐ (ISO; synthetic catecholamine)induced endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress response genes in mouse myocardium. Mouse models of acute catecholamine cardiotoxicity were induced by ISO for 6, 12, and 24 h. We performed whole genome oligo microarrays of damaged mouse cardiac tissues, and we found 26 ER stress‐related genes whose expression changed significantly for at least one time point. The functional analysis of those genes indicated that myocardial cells were protected by increasing folding capacity, inhibiting general protein translation, and promoting the degradation of misfolded proteins; however, some of them underwent apoptosis in the early stage of ER stress after ISO induced. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 25:382–385 2011; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/jbt.20405