bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Steady‐state analysis of a novel ZVT interleaved boost converter
Authors: Genc Naci , Iskender Ires 
Published: April 2010

AbstractIn this paper, a novel soft‐switched interleaved boost converter composed of two‐cell boost conversion units and an auxiliary circuit is proposed and investigated. The proposed auxiliary circuit is implemented using only one auxiliary switch and a minimum number of passive components without an effective increase in the cost and the complexity of the converter. The main advantage of this auxiliary circuit is that it not only provides zero‐voltage‐transition (ZVT) for the main switches but also provides soft switching for the auxiliary switch and diodes. Though all semiconductor devices operate under soft switching, they do not have any additional voltage and current stresses. The proposed converter operates successfully in soft‐switching operation mode for a wide range of input voltage level and the load. In addition, it has advantages such as fewer structure complications, lower cost and ease of control. Since the two‐cell interleaved boost units are identical, operational analysis and design for the converter module become quite simple. In this study, the detailed steady‐state theoretical analysis of the proposed converter is presented, which is verified exactly by simulation and experiments carried out on a prototype of a 120 W and 50 kHz/cell interleaved boost converter. The practical results confirm the results obtained from theoretical analysis. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Unsymmetrically Substituted Butenynyl‐Iron(II) Complexes
Authors: Field Leslie D. , Magill Alison M. , Pike Stuart R. , Turnbull Anthony J. , Dalgarno Scott J. , Turner Peter , Willis Anthony C. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractThe preparation and characterisation of iron(II) complexes bearing unsymmetrically 1,4‐disubstituted η3‐butenynyl ligands, cis‐[Fe(C(C≡CR)=C(H)R′)(dmpe)2][PF6] (e.g. R = tBu, R′ = Ph 2e; R = Ph, R′ = tBu 2e′) are reported. The complexes were obtained as a mixture by protonation and rearrangement of the bis(acetylido)iron(II) complex trans‐Fe(CCPh)(CCtBu)(dmpe)2. The complexes 2e and 2e′ were separated by crystallisation and were both characterised crystallographically. In addition, a number of complexes with symmetrically 1,4‐disubstituted butenynyl ligands cis‐[Fe(C(C≡CR)=C(H)R)(dmpe)2][PF6] (R = p‐C6H4‐OMe 2a; p‐C6H4‐Me 2b. C6H3‐3,5‐(CF3)2 2c; 1‐adamantyl 2d) were synthesised by protonation and rearrangement of the corresponding bis(acetylido)iron(II) complexes.
Cysteine‐Based Mannoside Glycoclusters: Synthetic Routes and Antiadhesive Properties
Authors: Schierholt Alexander , Hartmann Mirja , Schwekendiek Kirsten , Lindhorst Thisbe K. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractClustermannosides of different valency were synthesised based on cysteine. By employing the orthogonally protected amino acid as scaffold molecule, a variety of structurally varied products can be obtained according to different synthetic routes. Testing of the prepared glycoclusters as inhibitors of type 1 fimbriae mediated bacterial adhesion is reported, giving hints about the influence of sugar valency, sugar scaffolding, and the nature of the glycosidic aglycon in this testing system.
1q12 chromosome translocations form aberrant heterochromatic foci associated with changes in nuclear architecture and gene expression in B cell lymphoma
Authors: Fournier Alexandra , McLeer‐Florin Anne , Lefebvre Christine , Duley Samuel , Barki Leila , Ribeyron Juliana , Alboukadel Kassambara , Hamaidia Sieme , Granjon Aurélie , Gressin Rémy , Lajmanovich Alicia , Bonnefoix Thierry , Chauvelier Stéphanie , Debernardi Alexandra , Rousseaux Sophie , de Fraipont Florence , Figeac Martin , Kerckaert Jean‐Pierre , De Vos John , Usson Yves , Delaval Katia , Grichine Alexei , Vourc'h Claire , Khochbin Saadi , Feil Robert , Leroux Dominique , Callanan Mary B. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractEpigenetic perturbations are increasingly described in cancer cells where they are thought to contribute to deregulated gene expression and genome instability. Here, we report the first evidence that a distinct category of chromosomal translocations observed in human tumours—those targeting 1q12 satellite DNA—can directly mediate such perturbations by promoting the formation of aberrant heterochromatic foci (aHCF). By detailed investigations of a 1q12 translocation to chromosome 2p, in a case of human B cell lymphoma, aberrant aHCF were shown to be localized to the nuclear periphery and to arise as a consequence of long range ‘pairing’ between the translocated 1q12 and chromosome 2 centromeric regions. Remarkably, adjacent 2p sequences showed increased levels of repressive histone modifications, including H4K20me3 and H3K9me3, and were bound by HP1. aHCF were associated to aberrant spatial localization and deregulated expression of a novel 2p gene (GMCL1) that was found to have prognostic impact in diffuse large B cell lymphoma. Thus constitutive heterochromatin rearrangements can contribute to tumourigenesis by perturbing gene expression via long range epigenetic mechanisms.
Rapid targeted mutational analysis of human tumours: a clinical platform to guide personalized cancer medicine
Authors: Dias‐Santagata Dora , Akhavanfard Sara , David Serena S. , Vernovsky Kathy , Kuhlmann Georgiana , Boisvert Susan L. , Stubbs Hannah , McDermott Ultan , Settleman Jeffrey , Kwak Eunice L. , Clark Jeffrey W. , Isakoff Steven J. , Sequist Lecia V. , Engelman Jeffrey A. , Lynch Thomas J. , Haber Daniel A. , Louis David N. , Ellisen Leif W. , Borger Darrell R. , Iafrate A. John 
Published: April 2010

AbstractTargeted cancer therapy requires the rapid and accurate identification of genetic abnormalities predictive of therapeutic response. We sought to develop a high‐throughput genotyping platform that would allow prospective patient selection to the best available therapies, and that could readily and inexpensively be adopted by most clinical laboratories. We developed a highly sensitive multiplexed clinical assay that performs very well with nucleic acid derived from formalin fixation and paraffin embedding (FFPE) tissue, and tests for 120 previously described mutations in 13 cancer genes. Genetic profiling of 250 primary tumours was consistent with the documented oncogene mutational spectrum and identified rare events in some cancer types. The assay is currently being used for clinical testing of tumour samples and contributing to cancer patient management. This work therefore establishes a platform for real‐time targeted genotyping that can be widely adopted. We expect that efforts like this one will play an increasingly important role in cancer management.See accompanying article: 10.1002/emmm.201000071
Soybean peroxidase‐catalyzed treatment and removal of BPA and bisphenol derivatives from aqueous solutions
Authors: Watanabe Chisato , Kashiwada Ayumi , Matsuda Kiyomi , Yamada Kazunori 
Published: April 2010

AbstractThe systematic studies were carried out to determine the optimum process parameters, such as the hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) concentration, concentration and molar mass of poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) as an additive, pH value, temperature, and enzyme dose for treatment of bisphenol A (BPA) with soybean peroxidase (SBP). The SBP‐catalyzed treatment of BPA was effectively enhanced by adding PEG in the presence of H2O2. BPA was completely treated by SBP of 0.50 U/cm3 and water‐insoluble oligomers were generated. The optimum conditions for SBP‐catalyzed treatment of BPA at 0.3 mM were determined to be 0.3 mM of H2O2 and 0.10 mg/cm3 of PEG with molar mass of 1.0 × 104 g/mol in a pH 7.0 buffer at 30°C. A variety of bisphenol derivatives were completely or effectively treated by SBP under the optimum conditions determined for treatment of BPA, although the SBP dose was further increased as necessary for some of them. The aggregation of water‐insoluble oligomers generated was enhanced by decreasing the pH values of the solutions to 4.0 with HCl after the enzymatic treatment, and BPA and bisphenol derivatives were removed from aqueous solutions by filtering off the oligomer precipitates. © 2010 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 2011
Optimum design and experimental study of multiple tuned mass dampers with limited stroke
Authors: Lin Chi‐Chang , Wang Jer‐Fu , Lien Chien‐Hsun , Chiang Hung‐Wei , Lin Chih‐Shiuan 
Published: April 2010

AbstractThis paper develops a two‐stage optimum design procedure for multiple tuned mass dampers (MTMD) to reduce structural dynamic responses with the limitation of MTMD's stroke. A new performance index, which is a linear combination of structural response ratio and MTMD stroke ratio by a weighting factor α, is proposed; α is in the range from 0 to 1.0. The larger the α, the more important the stroke. The case of α=1.0 indicates that MTMD is locked. The analytical results show that the MTMD's stroke can be significantly suppressed with little sacrifice of structural control effectiveness when an appropriate α is selected. To verify the design algorithm, a 360 kg‐MTMD composed of five TMD units arranged in parallel was fabricated. Shaking table tests of a large‐scale three‐story building with and without the MTMD under earthquake excitations were conducted at the National Center for Research on Earthquake Engineering (NCREE) in Taiwan. The experimental results show that MTMD is not only effective in mitigating the building responses but also is successful in suppressing its stroke. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Performance of clay masonry veneer in wood‐stud walls subjected to out‐of‐plane seismic loads
Authors: Okail Hussein O. , Shing P. Benson , Klingner Richard E. , McGinley William M. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractThis paper presents the findings of shaking‐table experiments conducted to examine the out‐of‐plane seismic performance of masonry veneer walls. Seven wall assemblies were tested, each consisting of a clay masonry veneer anchored to a wood‐stud backing. Design variables include the type of veneer ties, tie spacing, and presence or absence of mortar joint reinforcement and window opening. The walls were designed and constructed in accordance with current US code provisions. Results of the experiments show that failure of the corrugated ties is governed by pullout of the nails from the wood studs, while failure of the rigid ties is governed by detachment from the mortar joints or pull‐through of the screw heads through fastener holes. Both types of ties show satisfactory performance under ground motions corresponding to Design Basis and Maximum Considered Earthquakes representative of Seismic Design Category E. Although the rigid ties were stronger than the corrugated ties, they had wider vertical spacing and failed at a slightly higher seismic load. Observed extraction capacities of the nails show high variability, which merits attention. Joint reinforcement did not show any noticeable effect on the out‐of‐plane behavior of the veneer. Results of an analytical study have shown that the detachment of a veneer from the backing system is preceded by veneer cracking, which influences the distribution of tie forces, and that the vertical tie spacing influences the cracking load for the veneer. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Anorexia nervosa: Towards an integrative neuroscience model
Authors: Hatch A. , Madden S. , Kohn M. , Clarke S. , Touyz S. , Williams L. M. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractWe reviewed the evidence for emotion‐related disturbances in anorexia nervosa (AN) from behavioural, cognitive, biological and genetic domains of study. These domains were brought together within the framework of an integrative neuroscience model that emphasizes the role of emotion and feeling and their regulation, in brain organization. PsychInfo and Medline searches were performed to identify published peer‐reviewed papers on AN within each domain. This review revealed evidence for ‘Emotion’, ‘Thinking and Feeling’ and ‘Self‐regulation’ disturbances in AN that span non‐conscious to conscious processes. An integrative neuroscience framework was then applied to develop a model of AN, from which hypotheses for empirical investigation are generated. We propose that AN reflects a core disturbance in emotion at the earliest time stage of information processing with subsequent effects on the later stages of thinking, feeling and self‐regulation. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and Eating Disorders Association.
Differences in sensitivity but not selectivity of xenoestrogen binding to alligator versus human estrogen receptor alpha
Authors: Rider Cynthia V. , Hartig Phillip C. , Cardon Mary C. , Lambright Christy R. , Bobseine Kathy L. , Guillette Louis J. , Gray L. Earl , Wilson Vickie S. 
Published: April 2010

Abstract
Reproductive abnormalities in alligators exposed to contaminants in Lake Apopka, Florida, USA represent a clear example of endocrine disruption in wildlife. Several of these contaminants that are not able to bind to mammalian estrogen receptors (such as atrazine and cyanazine) have previously been reported to bind to the alligator estrogen receptor from oviductal tissue. Binding of known Lake Apopka contaminants to full length estrogen receptors alpha from human (hERα) and alligator (aERα) was assessed in a side-by-side comparison within the same assay system. Baculovirus-expressed recombinant hERα and aERα were used in a competitive binding assay. Atrazine and cyanazine were not able to bind to either receptor. p,p′-Dicofol was able to bind to aERα with a concentration inhibiting 50% of binding (IC50) of 4 µM, while only partially displacing 17β-estradiol (E2) from hERα and yielding a projected IC50 of 45 µM. Chemicals that only partially displaced E2 from either receptor, including some dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) metabolites and trans-nonachlor, appeared to have higher affinity for aERα than hERα. p,p′-Dicofol-mediated transcriptional activation through aERα and hERα was assessed to further explore the preferential binding of p,p′-dicofol to aERα over hERα. p,p′-Dicofol was able to stimulate transcriptional activation in a similar manner with both receptors. However, the in vitro results obtained with p,p′-dicofol were not reflected in an in vivo mammalian model, where Kelthane™ (mixed o,p′- and p,p′-dicofol isomers) did not elicit estrogenic effects. In conclusion, although there was no evidence of exclusively species-specific estrogen receptor binders, some xenoestrogens, especially p,p′-dicofol, had a higher affinity for aERα than for hERα. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2010;29:2064–2071. © 2010 SETAC
Comparison of metal concentrations inCorbicula flumineaandElliptio hopetonensisin the Altamaha River system, Georgia, USA
Authors: Shoults-Wilson W. Aaron , Unrine Jason M. , Rickard James , Black Marsha C. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractThe present study evaluated the use of the invasive clam Corbicula fluminea as a surrogate for metal accumulation in native mussels. The tissue concentrations of As, Cd, Cu, Hg, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Zn were analyzed in Corbicula and a native Unionid mussel species (Elliptio hopetonensis) collected from 13 sites in the Altamaha River system (GA, USA). Corbicula accumulated greater concentrations of As, Cd, Cu, Hg, and Ni when compared to E. hopetonensis at the same sites. The reverse was true for the metals Mn and Zn, with E. hopetonensis accumulating greater concentrations than Corbicula. Concentrations of As, Cd, Cu, Hg, and Pb were found to be significantly (α = 0.05) positively correlated between the two species. Greater water alkalinity and hardness tended to negatively correlate with metal accumulation, while organism size tended to correlate positively with tissue concentrations. Tissue Cd, Cu, and Pb concentrations demonstrated a correlation between bivalve tissues and concentrations of those metals in fine sediments. These correlations were significant (α = 0.05) for Cd and Cu concentrations in Corbicula and Pb concentrations in E. hopetonensis. The present findings support the hypothesis that bioaccumulation of some metals by Corbicula can be used to approximate levels accumulated by co-occurring native mussel species. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2010;29:2026–2033. © 2010 SETAC
Rhizotoxic effects of silver in cowpea seedlings
Authors: Blamey F. Pax C. , Kopittke Peter M. , Wehr J. Bernhard , Kinraide Thomas B. , Menzies Neal W. 
Published: April 2010

Abstract
Silver (Ag) is highly toxic to aquatic organisms, including algae, invertebrate animals, and fish, but little information exists on Ag rhizotoxicity in higher plants. In two solution culture experiments with approximately 1,000 µM Ca(NO3)2 and 5 µM H3BO3 (pH 5.4), 20 to 80% of added Ag (≤2 µM) was lost from solution within approximately 30 min, with a further decrease after 48 h root growth. Using measured Ag concentrations at the start of the experiments, the median effective concentration (EC50) for root elongation rate of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata [L.] Walp. cv. Caloona) was 0.010 µM Ag in the first 4 h of exposure (0.021 µM in the first 8 h). This demonstrates that Ag (as Ag+) is rapidly rhizotoxic to cowpea seedlings at concentrations similar to those that are toxic to freshwater biota. Rupturing of rhizodermal and outer cortical layers was evident after 48 h with 0.13 to 0.57 µM Ag initially in solution, being most severe at 0.13 or 0.25 µM Ag. An additional experiment showed that ruptures were first evident after 20 h exposure to 0.17 µM Ag, with increased severity of rupturing over time. The rhizotoxic effects of Ag are similar to those of some other trace metals (e.g., Cu, Al, La) that bind strongly to hard ligands and weakly to soft ligands. The similarity of rupturing effects, despite the difference in strong binding to soft ligands by Ag and to hard ligands by the other metals, suggests a distinctive metabolic effect of Ag that binds only weakly to hard ligands. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2010;29:2072–2078. © 2010 SETAC
The effect of fire‐retardant additives and a surface insulative fabric on fire performance and mechanical property retention of polyester composites
Authors: Kandare Everson , Chukwunonso Anajemba K. , Kandola Baljinder K. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractThis study investigates the simultaneous use of conventional fire‐retardant additives and an insulative intumescent thermal barrier/mat to improve the fire performance and mechanical property retention of glass‐fibre‐reinforced polyester (GRP) composites. Significant reductions in the peak heat release rate (PHRR) and total heat release (THR) were observed from measured cone calorimetric data following the addition of nitrogen, phosphorous, halogen containing and hydroxylated fire‐retardant additives. Some fire‐retarded glass‐fibre‐reinforced composites further protected by an intumescent mat containing silicate fibres, expandable graphite and borosilicate glass bound together by an organic matrix show further reductions in PHRR. Despite improving the fire retardancy of the composites, the presence of fire‐retardant additives alone does not improve flexural modulus retention following exposure to a heat source. However, the introduction of a ‘passive’ fire proofing insulative fabric enhances fire performance while preserving the mechanical properties of composites exposed to high heat fluxes or fires. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Hazards of combustion products: Toxicity, opacity, corrosivity, and heat release: The experts' views on capability and issues
Authors: Gann Richard G. , Babrauskas Vytenis , Grayson Stephen J. , Marsh Nathan D. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractThe science of understanding how fires burn and how heat smoke and gases are generated and affect people has progressed substantially in the last half century. The principles of facility design for life safety in fires have reached a degree of maturity. Standards and code provisions for fire detection, suppression and control have become the norm. Real‐scale (or nearly real‐scale) test methods for the flammability of furnishings and interior finish have been established. In addition, some tests have been developed that measure the results of the burning of a small sample from the finished product. Yet, while there have been numerous small‐scale apparatuses developed for assessing the generation of heat, toxic gases, and visible or corrosive smoke, these facets of life and property safety have not found widespread inclusion in building and fire codes. There has been an invigorated effort in ISO TC92 SC3, Fire Threat to People and the Environment, to develop a coherent and comprehensive set of fire safety standards and guidance documents for life safety. Smaller efforts are ongoing within some national and regional standards bodies. In November 2008, experts in this field gathered at The Royal Society in London to hear papers that captured the state of the art and to discuss where we might go from here. This paper summarizes the papers and the discussion from that meeting. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Frequent epigenetic inactivation of Myocardin in human nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Authors: Chen Fu , Mo Yingxi , Ding Hao , Xiao Xue , Wang Shu Yi , Huang Guangwu , Zhang Zhe , Wang Sheng Zi 
Published: April 2010

AbstractBackgroundEpigenetic silencing of tumor suppressor genes plays an important role in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) tumorigenesis. In the present study, we explore a novel target gene of epigenetic silencing in NPC, Myocardin, which is inactivated by promoter hypermethylation.MethodsTranscriptional expression levels of Myocardin were evaluated by reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR). Methylation status was addressed by methylation‐specific PCR and bisulfite genomic sequencing.ResultsMyocardin mRNA expression was inactivated in 4 of 5 NPC cell lines. Myocardin was aberrantly methylated in 4 of 5 NPC cell lines (80%) and in 48 of 65 NPC primary tumors (73.8%, but not in any of the 12 normal nasopharyngeal tissues tested. Myocardin expression could be reactivated in NPC cells after treatment with the demethylating agent 5‐aza‐2′‐deoxycytidine (5‐aza‐dC).ConclusionsEpigenetic inactivation of Myocardin is a frequent and tumor‐specific event in NPC. Our findings suggest that Myocardin is a candidate tumor suppressor gene in NPC. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2011
Intensity‐modulated radiotherapy for locally advanced cancers of the larynx and hypopharynx
Authors: Daly Megan E. , Le Quynh‐Thu , Jain Anshu K. , Maxim Peter G. , Hsu Annie , Loo Billy W. , Kaplan Michael J. , Fischbein Nancy J. , Colevas A. Dimitrios , Pinto Harlan , Chang Daniel T. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractBackgroundLimited data evaluate intensity‐modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) for cancers of the hypopharynx and larynx. We report clinical outcomes and failure patterns for these patients.MethodsBetween September 2001 and December 2007, 42 patients with squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the hypopharynx (n = 23) and larynx (n = 19) underwent IMRT, 11 postoperatively and 31 definitively. Thirty‐six received systemic therapy. Median follow‐up was 30 months among surviving patients.ResultsThree local failures occurred within the high‐dose region and 3 occurred in regional nodes. Seven patients developed distant metastasis as the initial failure. Three‐year actuarial estimates of locoregional control, freedom from distant metastasis, and overall survival rates were, respectively, 80%, 72%, and 46%.ConclusionsIMRT provides good locoregional control for SCC of the hypopharynx and larynx compared with historical controls. Locoregional relapses occurred in the high‐dose volumes, suggesting adequate target volume delineation. Hypopharyngeal tumors, which fare worse than laryngeal tumors, warrant investigation of more aggressive treatment. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2011