bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Singular and Simultaneous Effects of Step and Stern Wedge on High-speed Craft Behavior in Irregular Waves: Experimental and Statistical Assessment
Authors: Ghadimi Parviz , Sajedi Sayyed Mahdi , Ghadimi Aliakbar 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

In the design process of high-speed craft, the motions and exerting acceleration on the craft in waves are of great importance. Due to the relatively small size of this type of vessel, they incur more intensive motions and higher accelerations in the presence of waves. In the current study, the behavior of five configurations of baseline, wedge-mounted, single-stepped, wedge-mounted single-stepped and double-stepped planing hulls in irregular waves were experimentally studied. All models have a length of 2.6 m, a beam of 55 cm, and weigh 86 kg. The considered irregular wave was generated using the JONSWAP spectrum and had a characteristic height of 12 cm and a peak period of 1.6 s. These models were towed at Froude numbers ranging from 2.15 to 3.44. The analysis of heave and pitch motions of these models demonstrated that simultaneous use of a single-step and a stern wedge can reduce the heave and pitch double-amplitudes of the planing hull up to 33% and 60%, respectively. That’s while, the double-stepped model was the least successful model in heave and pitch motions reduction, by a maximum of 27% and 18% reduction for heave and pitch motions, respectively. Regarding the acceleration of these vessels, the wedge-mounted single-stepped hull experienced 34% and 16% lower accelerations in its center of gravity and bow than what the baseline model experienced. However, using two steps could only reduce these two types of acceleration by 10% and 4%, respectively.
Cone-beam computed tomographic evaluation of styloid process: a retrospective study of 498 patients with orofacial disease （Not applicable）
Authors: Zhang Yang , Jing Yuzi , Liang Beibei 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to assess the structural characteristics of the styloid process (SP) using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) examination in patients with orofacial pain. Additionally, the study aimed to determine the prevalence of elongated SP and its relationship to gender in the study population.
Methods: A retrospective evaluation was conducted on the clinical and radiographic records of 208 patients. Radiological examinations were performed on CBCT images to measure the structure, length, and medial angulations of the SP.
Results: Out of 208 patients, the distribution of SP elongation was as follows: 96 (46%) had non-elongated SP, 28 (13%) had elongation on the left side, 16 (8%) had elongation on the right side, and 68 (33%) had bilateral elongation of SP. The patients with elongated SP had significantly decreased angle values. However, there were no statistically significant differences in the length values of SP between males and females in both groups. Additionally, a significantly increased prevalence of symptoms, except for headaches, was observed in patients with elongated SP.
Conclusions: This study introduces cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) as a substitute approach for CT or panoramic radiographs in gauging and evaluating the styloid process (SP). Individuals experiencing orofacial pain, along with elongated SP, exhibited a higher incidence of associated neurological symptoms relative to those without elongation.
Expression and prognostic impact of CD73 in classical Hodgkin lymphoma
Authors: Li Zheng , Liu Haisheng , Ma Guangyu , Zhang Shuo , Liu Caili , Li Kexin , Wang Yunzhe , Liu Yueping , Yue Meng , Liu Chang , Wang Xiaoxiao , Yin Shaoning , Liu Beichen , He Cuiying 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Treatment of relapsed or refractory classical Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL) remains clinically challenging. Hence, early identification of high-risk patients is critical for treatment stratification. CD73 may exert an immunosuppressive effect by degrading adenosine monophosphate into adenosine, promoting cancer progression. Although increased CD73 expression is associated with reduced survival rates in various cancers, its role in cHL remains unclear. Therefore, in this retrospective study, we aimed to examine the expression of CD73, CD39, and PD-L1 in cHL and assess their clinical implications and prognostic value. Eighty-four patients with cHL hospitalized in the Hematology Department of the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University between May 2007 and May 2021 were included in this study. Of the 84 patients, 35 were male (41.7%), and the median age was 55 years (range: 16–88 years). Univariate analysis showed that relapsed/refractory disease was associated with advanced stage, low CD73 expression, ≥ 1 extranodal lesion, ≥ 3 nodal areas, and lactate dehydrogenase levels ≥ 240 UL. Patients with low CD73 expression had a higher incidence of relapsed/refractory disease (87.2% vs. 12.8%) and a poorer median progression-free survival (24.2 months vs not reached) than those with high CD73 expression. Low CD73 protein abundance in a multivariate model was identified as an independent negative prognostic indicator for cHL (hazard ratio: 0.413, 95% confidence interval: 0.088–1.94). Collectively, the results of this study suggest that CD73 is an independent prognostic immune biomarker for relapsed or refractory cHL and may serve as a novel therapeutic target.
Interferon upregulation as the cause of Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Lee Jong Hoon , Bourbeau Jean , Kanwar Badar A. , Lee Kun Ho , Sergi Consolato , Kast Richard E. , Oh Sangsuk , Sohn Mun-Gi , Lee Chul Joong , Coleman Michael D. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Dapsone (4,4′-diamino diphenyl sulfone, DDS) is an acetylation agent, anticatalysis for Alzheimer’s disease (AD) exacerbation in the previous report. We analyzed the viral respiratory disease (VRD) (+)/(−) and DDS (+)/(−) groups with the ICD-10 from 2005 to 2021. We used to evaluate the associations statistical methods the correlation of VRD, its interferon responses, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) incidence, excess acetylcholine (ACh) by the use of anti-AD drugs (AADs), and AD on Sorok Island in South Korea. All significance levels were set at 0.05. We investigated 93 non-COPD subjects with AD. Their prevalence of AD increased more than twofold fold in 2010 after the endemic disease during 2007–2010. AD increased again in 2013 from the medical data of Hansen's people and a correlation graph was drawn and analyzed. A total of 4772 subjects were randomized. Subjects with DDS have a very low prevalence of VRDs. In the tracking results within the cohort, 31 ADs were found from 107 COPD patients. The COPD+AAD+DDS− subjects correlated most strongly to AD+. ACh excess exacerbated AD in COPD patients and exacerbates AD despite of the acetylation by DDS according to Fisher’s exact test. Moreover, a survey of COVID-19 reinfection conducted in April 2022 in South Korea revealed that ACh excess aggravated severity and mortality. AD can be caused by the VRDs, acute or chronic bronchitis, and pneumonia. This indicates that AD starts from their acquired interferon upregulation and its glycolysis. This study elucidated AD genetics related to infections, inflammation, and immune responses by pathogens in the isolated cohort.
Identifying Chickpea Genotypes Rich in Ascorbic Acid as a Source of Drought Tolerance for Genetic Improvement in Semi-Arid Regions
Authors: Raut Dnyaneshwar , Gadakh Sharad , Kute Nandkumar , Blesseena A , N.V.P.R. Gangarao , Siddique Kadambot H. M. , Rane Jagadish 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Drought stress triggers a cascade of physiological changes in plants, including oxidative damage. Ascorbic acid (AsA), commonly known as vitamin C, is a vital non-enzymatic antioxidant with the potential to scavenge reactive oxygen species and modulate key processes in crop plants under abiotic stresses like drought. Chickpea, is predominantly cultivated in drought-prone regions. We demonstrate the utility of phenotyping for AsA content to enhance drought tolerance in chickpea. Using automated phenomics facility that can monitor daily soil moisture levels, we optimized a protocol for screening endogenous AsA levels in chickpea genotypes. Findings revealed that AsA accumulation peaked at 30% field capacity (FC), when measured between 11:30 am and 12:00 noon, coinciding with the maximum solar radiation during a 24 h cycle. Leveraging this protocol, screened 106 diverse chickpea genotypes for genetic variability in AsA accumulation under soil moisture depletions, identifying two sets of genotypes exhibiting differential AsA levels. Subsequent field evaluations over two consecutive years demonstrated that genotypes with elevated AsA levels like BDNG-2018-15 and PG-1201-20 displayed enhanced drought tolerance with minimum reductions in yield attributes compared to popular cultivars. These AsA-rich genotypes hold promise as valuable genetic resources for breeding programs aimed at improving drought tolerance in chickpea cultivation.
PARP1 regulates RECQL4 recruitment for DNA double-strand break repair
Authors: Bohr Vilhelm , Hussain Mansoor , Khadka Prabhat , Pekhale Komal , Kulikowicz Tomasz , Gray Samuel , May Alfred , Croteau Deborah 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

RecQ helicases, highly conserved proteins with pivotal roles in DNA replication, DNA repair, and homologous recombination, are crucial for maintaining genomic integrity. Mutations in RECQL4 have been associated with various human diseases, including Rothmund-Thomson syndrome. RECQL4 is involved in regulating major DNA repair pathways, such as homologous recombination (HR) and non-homologous end repair (NHEJ). RECQL4 has a more prominent single-strand DNA annealing activity than helicase activity. Its recruitment to DNA damage and the precise role of its DNA annealing activity in DNA repair is unclear. This study reveals that PARP1 interacts with RECQL4, enhancing its single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) strand annealing activity. PARP1 specifically promotes - RECQL4-PARylation at both its N- and C-terminal regions, promoting RECQL4’s recruitment to DNA double-strand break (DSB). Inhibition or depletion of PARP1 significantly diminishes RECQL4 recruitment and occupancy at specific DSB sites on chromosomes. RECQL4 actively displaces replication protein A (RPA) from ssDNA, promoting microhomology annealing in vitro. Further, depletion of PARP1 or RECQL4 substantially impacts classical-NHEJ (c-NHEJ) and alternative-NHEJ (alt-NHEJ)-mediated DSB repair. Consequently, the combined activities of PARP1 and RECQL4 modulate DNA repair.
3D-printed degradable paclitaxel/polylactic acid scaffolds for the treatment of breast cancer
Authors: Tang Jingyi , Ma Mingwei , Yuan Jishan , Su Duoxi , Zhu Peizhi 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Paclitaxel(PTX) is a highly effective drug for breast cancer treatment. However, its pharmacological activity and poor water solubility often lead to severe adverse reactions and allergic responses, causing significant discomfort for patients. In this study, a three-dimensional (3D) --printed anti-tumor scaffold made of polylactic acid (PLA) doped with PTX was developed and evaluated for its ability to inhibit tumor growth. In vitro experiments were conducted to investigate the release rate of PTX from the scaffold. Co-culturing the scaffold with mouse breast cancer cells (4T1) allowed for the assessment of its cytotoxicity and anti-tumor efficacy. In vivo studies involved implanting the scaffolds into an animal model generated by 4T1 cells, and various parameters including body weight, tumor volume, organ coefficient, tissue anatomy, and histological analysis were used to evaluate the toxicity of the drug and its impact on inhibiting tumor growth. The 3D-printed circular scaffold demonstrated a sustained drug release over 21 days. The primary matrix material, PLA, exhibited no cytotoxicity, and the PTX/PLA scaffold effectively suppressed the multiplication of 4T1 cells in vitro. Animal experiments showed that high concentrations of the PTX/PLA scaffold successfully minimized systemic toxicity associated with PTX treatment while exhibiting a more pronounced inhibitory effect on tumor growth compared to PTX injection. These findings highlight the potential of using 3D-printed porous scaffolds made of paclitaxel-doped PLA as a drug delivery system for cancer therapy. Such scaffolds offer improved efficacy and reduced systemic toxicity, providing a promising approach for effective and local cancer treatment.
Antibiotics Use and Resistance: Assessment of Maternal Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices in District Peshawar
Authors: Wahid Marwa , Malik Farhat R , Khan Abdul Latif Afzal , Ahmad Waqar , Ahmad Zawar , Ahmad Sohail , Ali Shujaat , Shah Dilawar , Tahir Muhammad 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Introduction:
Antibiotic resistance occurs when bacteria change in response to improper antibiotic use. Bacteria may infect humans and animals and are harder to treat than those caused by non-resistant bacteria. Antibiotic resistance is a major health issue and has grown to be a global phenomenon.
Objectives:
This study assesses maternal knowledge, attitude, and practices regarding antibiotic use, the frequency of antibiotic usage without physicians 'prescriptions, and the association of knowledge, attitude, and practices with demographic variables.
Methodology:
A descriptive study was conducted in Private Teaching Hospitals from 12 June 2023 till 21 October 2023. A total of 377 mothers were included. Non-probability serial sampling technique was used. Descriptive statistics were used for demographic variables such as frequencies and percentages. Means and standard deviation were used for knowledge, attitude, and practices. The chi-square test assessed the association between demographic variables and knowledge, attitude, and practices, keeping statistical significance at 0.05. The confidence interval was reported for each variable understudy.
Result:
The maternal mean age was 27.74±4.9 years, and the mean number of children was 2.63±1.27. The mother’s knowledge of antibiotic usage was good, with 73%; however, 82.5% were ignorant, and 31.6% used antibiotics without prescription. Attitudes regarding possible consequences of resistance to antibiotics were quite concerning, with 76.18%. However, practices were very good, with 89.46%. Age and education were statistically significant in their knowledge, attitude, and practices regarding antibiotic use and resistance.
Conclusion:
Maternal knowledge of antibiotic usage and practices was sound. However, knowledge of "antibiotic resistance" and "attitudes" was poor.
Green Vehicle Routing Problem with Capacitated Service Stations
Authors: LI Xiaohui , LIU Yuchen , LI Peifan , ZHAO Yi , DONG Yuan , JIN Yinli 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Logistics distribution requires competitive planning of distribution routes to reduce costs and improve customer satisfaction. As a result, it has garnered significant attention and research. This paper addresses the challenges faced by organizations with alternative fuel-powered vehicle fleets, such as limited vehicle driving range and refueling infrastructure, by proposing a more realistic Green Vehicle Routing Problem (G-VRP). The objective of this study is to optimize the total length of the final planning route and reduce distribution costs. To achieve this, a Hybrid Two-stage Heuristic Algorithm (HTSHA) is introduced to solve the G-VRP with capacitated service stations. Additionally, this paper accounts for the possibility of service stations temporarily failing to provide services and presents a rescheduling strategy for the remaining distribution tasks. The results demonstrate the practical significance of this research in promoting the application of new energy vehicles in urban logistics and distribution.
Construction and Validation of a Novel Cuproptosis-associated lncRNA Signature as a Prognostic Biomarker in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Duan Ruifeng , Zhang Yue , Börner Nikolaus , Song Xiangyi , Wei Lijuan 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has been found as a highly lethal malignancy worldwide that has an extremely unfavorable prognosis. A considerable number of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have a correlation with the prognosis of patients with HCC. Cuproptosis, a new form of regulated death of cells, is a major focus of research recently. Whereas, research on cuproptosis-associated lncRNA prognosis signature in patients with HCC is still lacking.
Methods
In accordance with the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database in this study, HCC patients’ clinicopathological information and RNA-seq data were obtained. The correlation of cuproptosis-associated genes (CAGs) and lncRNAs was evaluated using Pearson’s test. We screened the differentially expressed cuproptosis -associated lncRNAs (CALs) in 315 HCC and 39 normal hepatic samples. Univariate Cox regression analysis was carried out to investigate CALs correlated with prognosis. In terms of the cohort of training, a total of 24 prognostic CALs were loaded into the algorithm of least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) to build an 8-CAL prognosis signature. The prognosis value of the signature was investigated on the basis of Kaplan–Meier (K-M) survival curve analysis and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. Besides, we carried out functional enrichment analyses based on Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG), gene ontology (GO), and the Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) with the use of R software package.
Results
A prognosis signature of eight CALs was built in patients with HCC. The patients with HCC were classified as high-risk and low-risk groups according to the risk scores. This prognostic model indicated a more robust capacity in predicting survival of patients with HCC than conventional clinicopathological features. Additionally, the risk score was obviously related to T stage, tumor stage, and tumor grade. The results of the functional enrichment analyses suggested that the CAL signature played a major role in metabolism, cell cycle, and metal ion transmembrane transport processes and pathways.
Conclusions
The signature of eight CALs takes on an essential significance in the prognosis of HCC, which may offer novel research directions and improve individualized cancer treatment.
Aggressive value of preoperative multi-genic assay and implications for initial surgical management in papillary thyroid cancer
Authors: Chun Lin , He Liqiong , Yang Shiying , Su Xinliang , Zhou Jing 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

A minority of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is highly aggressive, with rapid progression and a poor prognosis. This study investigated the clinical implications of preoperative multi-genic assay in identifying aggressive PTC and initial surgical management. The demographic data, clinicopathological data and preoperative multi-genic assay results of 251 patients with PTC after the initial surgery admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University from June 2022 to October 2023 were retrospectively analyzed. The results of preoperative multi-genic assay were categorized into three Molecular Risk Groups (MRGs) : MRG-Low, MRG-Intermediate, and MRG-High. 6.7% of patients belonged to MRG-High in this cohort study. Compared with MRG-Low and MRG-Intermediate, there was a significant increase in tumor size, capsular invasion, extrathyroidal extension (ETE), TNM stage, total thyroidectomy (TT) and radioiodine ablation in MRG-High. The multivariate analyses showed MRG-High was an independent predictor for high prevalence of ETE [OR = 83.343(10.074-689.477), P < 0.001]. However, MRG-High was not associated with lymph node metastases(LNM). Conversely, MRG-Low had lower rates of LNM [OR = 0.11 (0.02–0.6), p = 0.011]. Additionally, preoperative multi-genic assay could avoid 20.9% of complete total thyroidectomy in the MRG-Intermediate. This study found that preoperative multi-genic assay is useful to identify the aggressiveness of PTC, which is helpful to the choice of initial surgical management.
Disentangling Degradation Pathways of Narrow Bandgap Lead-Tin Perovskite Material and Photovoltaic Devices
Authors: Rombach Florine , Dasgupta Akash , Kober-Czerny Manuel , Ball James , Smith Joel , Jin Heon , Farrar Michael , Snaith Henry 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Narrow bandgap mixed lead-tin perovskites are critical for efficient all-perovskite multi-junction solar cells, but their poor stability under operating conditions represents a major barrier to implementation. In this work, we explore the causes of this instability under combined heat and light stress (ISOS L-2 conditions). The phase, absorbance, morphology, and background hole density in lead-tin perovskite films are observed to be stable beyond the usual timescales associated with device degradation. We measure a moderate increase in non-radiative recombination during stressing, but device simulations demonstrate that this can only account for a small portion of the observed steady-state performance loss. Variable rate current-voltage scanning of devices instead reveals an increasing impact of mobile ions to be the major cause of early-time performance degradation. This impact is found to be significantly mitigated by selecting an alternative hole transport layer. Over longer aging times, we also identify the growth of impurity phases as well as hole transport material-dependent changes in the electronic properties of the perovskite. By quantifying the impact of these changes on device performance, we identify the most dominant degradation pathway at each aging time for different device architectures, defining a clear direction for future stability improvements.
The impact of herd structure on the performance of commercial sow-breeding farms
Authors: Sanz-Fernández Santos , Díaz-Gaona Cipriano , Simões João , Casas-Rosal José Carlos , Alòs Nuria , Tusell Llibertat , Quintanilla Raquel , Rodríguez-Estévez Vicente 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background
The herd structure, i.e., distribution of sows within a farm based on their parity number, and its management are essential to optimise farm reproductive efficiency. The objective of this study is to define different types of herd structure using data from 623 Spanish commercial sow farms. Additionally, this study aims to determine which type of herd structure can enhance reproductive efficiency at the farm level.
Results
Farms are classified into three groups according to the quadratic function fitted to the percentage of sows over parities. This classification unveils three types of herd structures: type 1 (HS1) exhibits a concave-downward trend, with a higher percentage of sows in intermediate parities (mean of 45.5% sows between the 3rd to 5th parity); type 2 (HS2) presents a trend curve that is close to a straight line, with a gradual decrease in the percentage of sows per parity (approximately 2% loss of sows census per parity); and type 3 (HS3) shows an upward concave trend curve, with an increase in the percentage of sows in later parities (19.0% of sows between 7th and ≥ 8th parity). Additionally, parametric tests (ANOVA followed by the Tukey HSD test) assess productivity differences between the three groups of farms with different herd structures. Significant differences (p < 0.01) are noted in number of piglets weaned per sow per year, farrowing rate, percentage of sows returning to oestrus and number of weaned piglets, with a medium effect size (values of η2 between 0.06 to < 0.14). Farms with HS1 (showing a concave-downward trend) have the best productive outcomes over a year, surpassing the results of farms with HS2 and even more so those of HS3 farms.
Conclusions
This study shows the importance of herd structure on sow-breeding farms as factor of reproductive efficiency. The results endorse the proposed classification based on the curvature of the trend parabola obtained with the quadratic function to categorize herd structures into three groups. Besides that, these highlight the importance of considering the herd structure in farm decision-making.