bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association of Serum Pentosidine With Arterial Stiffness in Hemodialysis Patients
Authors: Zhou YiLun , Yu ZeXing , Jia HuiMin , Sun Fang , Ma LiJie , Guo RuiJun , Peng LiRen , Cui TaiGen 
Published: March 2010

AbstractPentosidine is an advanced glycation end product (AGE). The present study was undertaken to investigate the association of serum pentosidine with carotid distensibility as a measure of arterial stiffness in hemodialysis patients. One hundred and three patients on maintenance hemodialysis were recruited. The distensibility coefficient of the common carotid artery was evaluated by an ultrasonic phase‐locked echo‐tracking system. Serum pentosidine was measured by competitive enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. Serum albumin, lipid profile, calcium, phosphorus, intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH), high‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein (hs‐CRP), and oxidized low‐density lipoprotein (ox‐LDL) levels were also measured. Correlation was determined by linear and multiple stepwise regression analysis. Serum pentosidine level studied in hemodialysis patients was 0.54 ± 0.13 µg/mL. No significant difference in serum pentosidine level was noted between patients with and without diabetes (0.59 ±  0.10 µg/mL vs. 0.53 ± 0.13 µg/mL, P = 0.062) as well as between patients with and without prior cardiovascular disease (CVD) history (0.56 ± 0.14 µg/mL vs. 0.53 ±  0.12 µg/mL, P = 0.206). In multivariate regression analysis, only age (β = 0.363, P < 0.001) and ox‐LDL (β = 0.262, P = 0.004) were identified as independent determinants for serum pentosidine. Serum pentosidine was significantly correlated with carotid distensibility (r = −0.387, P < 0.001), as well as age, ox‐LDL, and hs‐CRP. After adjustment for age, blood pressure, history of diabetes, prior CVD history, lipid profile, calcium, phosphorus, iPTH, hs‐CRP, and ox‐LDL, serum pentosidine was still negatively correlated with distensibility (β = −0.175, P = 0.044). Serum pentosidine was independently associated with carotid distensibility in hemodialysis patients. This finding suggested that the accumulation of AGE might be an important pathway in the development of arterial stiffness in end‐stage renal disease.
Effect of Cyclosporine Therapy With Low Doses of Corticosteroids on Idiopathic Nephrotic Syndrome
Authors: Griveas Ioannis , Visvardis George , Papadopoulou Dorothea , Nakopolou Lidia , Karanikas Evaggelos , Gogos Konstantina , Stavianoudakis George 
Published: March 2010

AbstractCyclosporine (CyA) has an immunosuppressive effect that might suggest a therapeutic role in idiopathic glomerular conditions. We focused on the optimization of CyA treatment control in patients with idiopathic nephrotic syndrome by using trough‐level CyA measurements (C0) and the 2‐h postdose levels (C2). Twenty‐two patients (14 male, 8 female) with idiopathic nephrotic syndrome and the mean age of 51 ± 18 months (mean [M] ± standard deviation [SD]) were enrolled in our study during a period of 10 months (range: 3–18 months). All of the patients received CyA (2–3 mg/kg) in combination with methylprednisolone. In the present study protocol CyA concentrations (C0, C2), renal function, lipid profile, and degree of proteinuria were determined. The mean proteinuria of our patients before treatment was 11 972 ± 7953 mg/24 H (±SD) and the mean creatinine level (Cr) was 0.99 ± 0.37 mg/dL (±SD). Proteinuria decreased significantly already from the first month of therapy with CyA to 3578 ± 2470 mg/24 H (M± SD), and during the whole study period this reduction was significant (0.56 ± 0.37 gr/24 H (M ± SD), P < 0.05). At the same time renal function preserved, 1.09 ± 0.48 mg/dL (M ± SD). The blood levels of C0 were 135.10 ± 97.36 ng/mL (M ± SD) and the blood levels of C2 were 725 ± 256 ng/mL (M ± SD) at the first month of therapy. At the same time renal function preserved, 1.09 ± 0.48 mg/dL (M ± SD). Total cholesterol levels reduced significantly during study period (276.89 ± 45.57 to 200.67 ± 40.27 mg/dL [M ± SD]). The mean number of antihypertensive medication remained the same. The whole therapeutic protocol did not provoke any kind of side effects and CyA was quite tolerated by our patients. Treatment of idiopathic nephrotic syndrome with low doses of CyA with methylprednisolone leads to remission of proteinuria without deterioration of renal function. Blood levels of C0 for monitoring and treatment of nephrotic syndrome agrees with recent literature, while our study focus on establishing the proper levels of C2 for the treatment of nephrotic syndrome. The efficacy of CyA is combined with safety and tolerance.
Experimental Fluid Dynamics of Transventricular Apical Aortic Cannulation
Authors: Fukuda Ikuo , Yanaoka Hideki , Inamura Takao , Minakawa Masahito , Daitoku Kazuyuki , Suzuki Yasuyuki 
Published: March 2010

AbstractTo clarify the flow pattern from a transventricular apical aortic cannula, hydrodynamic analysis of transventricular apical aortic cannulation (apical cannulation) was performed using particle‐image velocimetry in a glass aortic model. Simulated apical cannulation using a 7‐mm Sarns Soft‐Flow cannula and the newly developed 7‐mm apical aortic cannula was compared with standard aortic cannulation. The flow‐velocity, streamline, and distribution of magnitude of the strain rate tensor (function of shear stress) were analyzed. Streamline analysis revealed a steady and organized flow profile in apical cannulation as compared with that in standard aortic cannulation. The magnitude of the strain rate tensor decreased within a few centimeters from the exit of the apical cannula.
Variations in the Application of Various Perfusion Technologies in Great Britain and Ireland—A National Survey
Authors: Warren Oliver J. , Wallace Sophie , De Wit Katie L. , Vincent Charles , Darzi Ara W. , Athanasiou Thanos 
Published: March 2010

AbstractIn an attempt to reduce the negative sequelae of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB), a variety of new technologies have been created. This study investigates variations in the application of these technologies throughout Great Britain and Ireland (GB & I). All perfusion departments within GB & I were surveyed about equipment and technologies used in CPB. Eighty‐five percent of units use a standard arterial line filter in all cases. Forty percent of units occasionally use leukocyte‐depleting filters in various sites within the circuit. Sixteen percent always use some element of heparin‐bonded circuit, but 62% never use them. Twenty‐five percent use solely rotary pumps, 18% use solely centrifugal pumps, and 56% use both. Finally, 20% are now using minimal extracorporeal circulation in certain clinical scenarios. These decisions are most frequently affected by clinician preference and cost. This survey has highlighted significant variation in the utilization of various technologies used in CPB. While some variation between centers is to be expected, as innovative technologies are adopted at varying rates, surveys such as this are useful for alerting clinicians to gaps between evidence‐based knowledge and clinical practice.
Association between HLA‐B*1502 and carbamazepine‐induced severe cutaneous adverse drug reactions in a Thai population
Authors: Tassaneeyakul Wichittra , Tiamkao Somsak , Jantararoungtong Thawinee , Chen Pei , Lin Shu‐Yi , Chen Wei‐Hsuan , Konyoung Parinya , Khunarkornsiri Usanee , Auvichayapat Narong , Pavakul Kasemsin , Kulkantrakorn Kongkiat , Choonhakarn Charoen , Phonhiamhan Siranun , Piyatrakul Namfon , Aungaree Thiti , Pongpakdee Sunsanee , Yodnopaglaw Praphan 
Published: March 2010

SummaryCarbamazepine (CBZ) has been reported as the most common culprit drug for Stevens‐Johnson syndrome (SJS) and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) in several Asian countries including Thailand. A strong association between HLA‐B*1502 and CBZ‐induced SJS/TEN has been reported in Han Chinese but not in Caucasian and Japanese populations. A case–control study was conducted to determine whether HLA‐B*1502 is a valid pharmacogenetic test for SJS/TEN caused by CBZ in a Thai population. Among 42 CBZ‐induced patients with SJS/TEN, 37 (88.10%) patients carried the HLA‐B*1502 while only 5 (11.90%) of the CBZ‐tolerant controls had this allele. The risk of CBZ‐induced SJS/TEN was significantly higher in the patients with HLA‐B*1502, with an odds ratio (OR) of 54.76 [95% confidence interval (CI) 14.62–205.13, p = 2.89 × 10−12]. The sensitivity and specificity of HLA‐B*1502 for prediction of CBZ‐induced SJS/TEN were 88.10%. By assuming a 0.27% as a prevalence rate of CBZ‐induced SJS/TEN in a Thai population, the positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) of the HLA‐B*1502 were 1.92% and 99.96%. Results from this study suggest that HLA‐B*1502 may be a useful pharmacogenetic test for screening Thai individuals who may be at risk for CBZ‐induced SJS and TEN.
Gelastic seizures and the anteromesial frontal lobe: A case report and review of intracranial EEG recording and electrocortical stimulation case studies
Authors: Unnwongse Kanjana , Wehner Tim , Bingaman William , Foldvary‐Schaefer Nancy 
Published: March 2010

SummarySymptomatogenic areas for ictal laughter have been described in the frontal and temporal lobes. Within the frontal lobe, gelastic seizures have been recorded from the cingulate gyrus. Electrocortical stimulation of the cingulate gyrus as well as the superior frontal gyrus induced laughter. We describe a patient whose gelastic seizures were associated with electrographic ictal activity in the mesial aspect of the right anterior frontal gyrus. The symptomatogenic area for ictal laughter in the frontal lobe may reside in the superior frontal gyrus.
Value of Low‐Field Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Diagnosing Meniscal Tears in the Canine Stifle: A Prospective Study Evaluating Sensitivity and Specificity in Naturally Occurring Cranial Cruciate Ligament Deficiency with Arthroscopy as the Gold Standard
Authors: Böttcher Peter , Brühschwein Andreas , Winkels Philipp , Werner Hinnerk , Ludewig Eberhard , Grevel Vera , Oechtering Gerhard 
Published: March 2010

Objective: To evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of low‐field magnetic resonance imaging (lfMRI) for detection of meniscal tears in the canine stifle.Study Design: Double‐blinded prospective clinical study.Animals: Forty‐two consecutive stifles of dogs (≥20 kg; n=34) with clinical and radiologic signs suspicious for cranial cruciate ligament (CCL) insufficiency.Methods: Each stifle had 7 predefined lfMRI sequences using a 0.5 T magnet with a human knee coil. After lfMRI, diagnostic arthroscopy was performed by 1 surgeon unaware of the MRI findings. After completion of the study MRI images were read by 1 investigator, unaware of the intraoperative findings.Results: At arthroscopy, 22 stifles had meniscal tears requiring subtotal meniscectomy. Of these only 14 were identified by lfMRI. Overall sensitivity and specificity of lfMRI for detection of meniscal tears were 0.64 (95% confidence interval [95% CI]=0.43, 0.80) and 0.90 (95% CI=0.70, 0.97), respectively. Positive and negative predictive values were 0.88 (95% CI=0.64, 0.97) and 0.69 (95% CI=0.50, 0.83), respectively. Neither the state of dislocation of vertical longitudinal tears nor the amount of CCL rupture had an influence on lfMRI accuracy (P=1.00).Conclusion: lfMRI was of low diagnostic accuracy in detecting meniscal tears, when compared with arthroscopy. Especially negative lfMRI findings should be interpreted with caution.Clinical Relevance: When using lfMRI as a noninvasive preoperative screening tool for the diagnosis of meniscal tears, a high percentage of missed meniscal tears has to be expected.
The role of lymphatic mapping and sentinel node biopsy in the management of atypical and anomalous melanocytic lesions
Authors: Cochran Alistair J. , Binder Scott , Morton Donald L. 
Published: March 2010

Atypical and anomalous melanocytic lesions are tumors that cannot be determined by microscopy to be certainly benign or fully malignant. The malignant potential of these borderline lesions is unknown and logical determination of best therapy is challenging, in particular whether lymphatic mapping and sentinel node biopsy have a place in their management. Lesions that fall into this category include atypical Spitzoid lesions, atypical cellular blue nevi, combined nevi, deep penetrating nevi, ancient nevi, desmoplastic nevi, balloon cell nevi and proliferation nodules of congenital nevi. We report our experience managing patients with these problematic tumors and discuss our approaches to determining the true location of lesional cells in sentinel nodes.Cochran AJ, Binder S, Morton DL. The role of lymphatic mapping and sentinel node biopsy in the management of atypical and anomalous melanocytic lesions.
Stem cell marker upregulation in normal cutaneous vessels following pulsed‐dye laser exposure and its abrogation by concurrent rapamycin administration: implications for treatment of port‐wine stain birthmarks
Authors: Loewe Robert , Oble Darryl A. , Valero Teresa , Zukerberg Lawrence , Mihm Martin C. , Nelson J. Stuart 
Published: March 2010

Port‐wine stains (PWS) represent a group of vascular malformations that are usually accompanied by psychological distress for affected patients, often reflected in high treatment demand. Although the pulsed‐dye laser (PDL) was established as standard therapy for PWS more than a decade ago, therapeutic outcome may be unsatisfactory. One of the main drawbacks to successful PDL therapy is PWS revascularization shortly after laser exposure. Therefore, inhibition of revascularization should improve therapeutic outcome of PDL therapy. In this study, we first evaluated the effects of various light energies on normal cutaneous vessels over a period of 14 days, particularly the proliferation and stem cell marker expression of dermal endothelial cells, which were found to be highest 8 days following laser exposure. We found that PDL exposure induced dose‐dependent damage of dermal vessels up to energy densities of 6 J/cm2, above which no increase in PDL‐induced effects were observed with the energies employed in this study. In dermal endothelial cells of PDL‐exposed skin, we found strong expression of the proliferation marker Ki‐67 as well as the stem cell marker nestin but not other stem cell markers such as CD133 and CD166. The influence of rapamycin (RPM), used as an adjuvant to PDL exposure, was also investigated. RPM administration reduced Ki‐67 and nestin expression in dermal endothelial cells and increased PDL‐induced destruction of dermal vessels, indicating that the use of RPM after PDL exposure may be an interesting new approach for prolonging and improving PWS laser therapeutic outcome.Loewe R, Oble DA, Valero T, Zukerberg L, Mihm MC Jr, Nelson JS. Stem cell marker upregulation in normal cutaneous vessels following pulsed‐dye laser exposure and its abrogation by concurrent rapamycin administration: implications for treatment of port‐wine stain birthmarks.
Hypothesis: The metastatic niche theory can elucidate infantile hemangioma development
Authors: Mihm Martin C. , Nelson J. Stuart 
Published: March 2010

Recent advances in the understanding of the metastatic phenomenon in cancer have led to the description of a metastatic niche. This concept describes a site prepared for the tumor cells in areas frequently associated with metastasis for the individual tumor studied. This niche is a “soil” that allows for the tumor cell or “seed” to lodge and grow. Certain aspects of the biology of infantile hemangioma cells suggest a relationship to the placenta as a possible site of origin for the hemangioma precursor cells. In this article, a relationship between the placenta, with or without a chorangioma and the hemangioma sites of localization, is hypothesized. The placenta is suggested as the site of humoral factors that prepare a niche similar to the function of malignant tumor cells. If the hypothesis proves to be valid, clues for possible treatment are outlined.Mihm MC, Nelson JS. Hypothesis: the metastatic niche theory can elucidate infantile hemangioma development
ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT (254 NM) INACTIVATION OF PATHOGENS ON FOODS AND STAINLESS STEEL SURFACES
Authors: SOMMERS CHRISTOPHER H. , SITES JOSEPH E. , MUSGROVE MICHAEL 
Published: March 2010

ABSTRACT Ultraviolet Light (254 nm) is a U.S. Food and Drug Administration‐approved nonthermal intervention technology that can be used for decontamination of food surfaces. In this study, the use of ultraviolet light (UV‐C) at doses of 0.5–4.0 J/cm2 to inactivate a cocktail of Salmonella spp., Listeria monocytogenes and Staphylococcus aureus that were surface‐inoculated on frankfurters, bratwurst, shell eggs, chicken drumsticks, boneless skinless chicken breasts, boneless pork chops, tomatoes and jalapeno peppers was investigated. The pathogens displayed similar sensitivities to UV‐C on individual food products. Pathogen reductions ranged from approximately 0.5 log/g on raw meat and poultry to almost 4 log/g on tomatoes, while the pathogens were not recovered from stainless steel at a UV‐C dose of 0.4 J/cm2. Use of UV‐C light should be given serious consideration as a technology for routine surface decontamination of food contact surfaces and appropriate food products.PRACTICAL APPLICATIONSUltraviolet light (UV‐C) is an U.S. Food and Drug Administration‐approved intervention technology that can be used to inactivate pathogenic bacteria in liquid foods and water, food contact surfaces, and food surfaces. This work indicates than UV‐C would be an effective technology for inactivation of foodborne pathogens on the surfaces of frankfurters and sausages immediately prior to packaging, shell eggs immediately prior to cracking in the production of liquid egg products, and smooth skinned produce such as tomatoes and jalapeno peppers prior to further processing. This work provides pathogen inactivation kinetics for food processors and government regulatory agencies.
DETECTION AND ENUMERATION OF MICROORGANISMS IN READY‐TO‐EAT FOODS, READY‐TO‐COOK FOODS AND FRESH‐CUT PRODUCE IN KOREA
Authors: CHUNG MYUNG‐SUB , KIM CHANG‐MIN , HA SANG‐DO 
Published: March 2010

ABSTRACT Levels of total aerobic plate counts (APC), coliforms and various pathogens in convenient foods including ready‐to‐eat foods (RTE), ready‐to‐cook foods (RTC) and fresh‐cut produce (FCP) in Korea were investigated. A total of 244 samples comprising 145 samples of RTE, 39 samples of RTC and 60 samples of FCP were purchased from hyper chain stores located in six different provinces. APC levels of RTE showed a relatively wide range of 1.9–7.8 log10cfu/g, while APC levels of RTC and FCP were relatively high at 6.3–8.1 log10cfu/g. Coliform contamination was detected in approximately 50% of the samples at levels up to 5 log10cfu/g. Escherichia coli was most frequently detected in convenient foods, and followed by Staphylococcus aureus. Salmonella spp. and Listeria monocytogenes were detected in only one sample and Vibrio parahaemolyticus was not detected in any sample. These results show that convenient foods in Korea can be contaminated by various pathogenic bacteria. Therefore, precautionary measures are necessary for consumer protection including improving sanitary conditions in the processing plants for RTE, RTC and FCP products in Korea.PRACTICAL APPLICATIONSAccurate and up‐to‐date data for microbiological contamination of convenient foods including ready‐to‐eat foods, ready‐to‐cook foods and fresh‐cut produce are necessary for consumer protection to improve sanitary conditions in food processing plants in Korea. Known contamination levels of indicator organism and/or pathogenic bacteria can be used by administrators to establish national regulations for control of foodborne diseases.
EFFECT OF STORAGE TIME ON THE EFFICACY OF CHEMICAL AND IRRADIATION TREATMENTS TO INACTIVATE SALMONELLA ON CILANTRO (CORIANDRUM SATIVUM L.)
Authors: VILLAGÓMEZ NAAXIÉLLI SERNA , HERRERA ERIKA A. NERI , OROZCO R. LEOPOLDO , WILD‐PADUA GRACIELA , ITURRIAGA MONTSERRAT H. 
Published: March 2010

ABSTRACT In this work, the efficacy of decontamination treatments to inactivate Salmonella enterica on cilantro throughout storage under different conditions of temperature and relative humidity (RH) was evaluated. Bunches of cilantro (10 g) were inoculated with a rifampicin‐resistant S. enterica strain (ca. 106 cfu/mL) and held at 22C/60 min. Inoculated cilantro (ca. 5.8 log cfu/g) was then stored at: (1) 22C for 2 days under 100 or 30% RH; (2) 5C for up to 8 days under 100 or 60% RH. Periodically, inoculated cilantro was treated with water, chlorine (200 mg/L), peracetic acid (80 mg/L) or gamma rays (0.5, 1 and 2 kGy). At time 0, reductions of Salmonella with chlorine, peracetic acid or water were 2.6, 2.1 and 1.0 log cfu/g, respectively. At 22C, the effectiveness of disinfection treatments to remove or kill Salmonella cells from cilantro significantly decreased as the storage time elapsed (P < 0.05). A similar trend was observed at 5C. On day 0, irradiation of cilantro at a dose of 0.5, 1 or 2 kGy reduced the pathogen by 3.5, 4.5 and 6 log cfu/g, respectively. At 22C, the efficacy of irradiation decreased (P < 0.05), while at 5C, it remained constant regardless of RH.PRACTICAL APPLICATIONSThis study demonstrates how the efficacy of decontamination treatments is modified during the storage of cilantro under constant temperature and relative humidity. The decrease in treatment efficacy suggests that microorganisms colonizing the cilantro surface may produce biofilms that provide protection; the level of naturally occurring microflora may also have an influence on its effectiveness. The results reinforce the concept that once cilantro is contaminated with Salmonella, the pathogen can survive chemical disinfection or irradiation, and eventually multiply on cilantro throughout its shelf life.
CONSUMER ACCEPTANCE OF FOOD BARS
Authors: MAHANNA K. , LEE S.Y. 
Published: March 2010

ABSTRACT Increased use of conjoint analysis during the concept testing stage of food product development raises the question of whether conjoint analysis results translate into successful product development. Five food bar concepts from a previous conjoint analysis study targeted for the “Overall” panel, “Female” segment, “Male” segment, “Label Readers” segment and “Calorie Health Nuts” segment, were used for consumer testing. Standardized packaging was also developed to test elements not easily perceived from the product itself, i.e., low fat, low calorie and other nutritional information. The “Female #1 – commercial (Fiber One)” bar had the highest overall acceptance, 6.9 on a 9‐point hedonic scale. Packaging significantly increased all ratings. Cluster analysis results were compared with segmentation from conjoint analysis. Similar results were found, showing there were clusters of consumers specifically interested in prototypes developed for specific conjoint analysis segments, which supports that conjoint analysis results translate into actual products.