bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enhanced extracellular production of laccase in Coprinopsis cinerea by silencing chitinase gene
Authors: Yao Dongbang , Ma Yuting , Ran Jie , Wang Jiaxiu , Kües Ursula , Liu Juanjuan , Zhou Danya , Zhang Xuecheng , Fang Zemin , Xiao Yazhong 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Laccase, a copper-containing polyphenol oxidase, is an important green biocatalyst. In this study, Laccase Lcc5 was homologous recombinantly expressed in Coprinopsis cinerea and a novel strategy of silencing chitinase gene expression was used to enhance recombinant Lcc5 extracellular yield. Two critical chitinase genes, ChiEn1 and ChiE2, were selected by analyzing the transcriptome data of C. cinerea FA2222, and their silent expression was performed by RNA interference (RNAi). It was found that silencing either ChiEn1 or ChiE2 reduced sporulation and growth rate, and increased cell wall sensitivity, but had no significant effect on mycelial branching. Among them, the extracellular laccase activity of the ChiE2-silenced engineered strain Cclcc5-antiChiE2-5 and the control Cclcc5-13 reached the highest values (38.2 and 25.5 U/mL, respectively) at 250 and 150 rpm agitation speeds, corresponding to productivity of 0.35 and 0.19 U/mL·h, respectively, in a 3-L fermenter culture. Moreover, since Cclcc5-antiChiE2-5 could withstand greater shear forces, its extracellular laccase activity was 2.6-fold higher than that of Cclcc5-13 when the agitation speed was all at 250 rpm. To our knowledge, this is the first report of enhanced recombinant laccase production in C. cinerea by silencing the chitinase gene. This study will pave the way for laccase industrial production and accelerate the development of a C. cinerea high-expression system.

Key points
• ChiEn1 and ChiE2 are critical chitinase genes in C. cinerea FA2222 genome.
• Chitinase gene silencing enhanced the tolerance of C. cinerea to shear forces.
• High homologous production of Lcc5 is achieved by fermentation in a 3-L fermenter.
Integrative analysis of single-cell and bulk RNA sequencing unveils a machine learning-based pan-cancer major histocompatibility complex-related signature for predicting immunotherapy efficacy
Authors: Feng Jia-Lin , Liang Bo , Zheng Wen-Jie , Xu Le , Zhou Qin-Yi , Chen Jun 
Published: May 2024

AbstractMajor histocompatibility complex (MHC) could serve as a potential biomarker for tumor immunotherapy, however, it is not yet known whether MHC could distinguish potential beneficiaries. Single‐cell RNA sequencing datasets derived from patients with immunotherapy were collected to elucidate the association between MHC and immunotherapy response. A novel MHCsig was developed and validated using large‐scale pan‐cancer data, including The Cancer Genome Atlas and immunotherapy cohorts. The therapeutic value of MHCsig was further explored using 17 CRISPR/Cas9 datasets. MHC-related genes were associated with drug resistance and MHCsig was significantly and positively associated with immunotherapy response and total mutational burden. Remarkably, MHCsig significantly enriched 6% top‐ranked genes, which were potential therapeutic targets. Moreover, we generated Hub-MHCsig, which was associated with survival and disease-special survival of pan-cancer, especially low-grade glioma. This result was also confirmed in cell lines and in our own clinical cohort. Later low-grade glioma-related Hub-MHCsig was established and the regulatory network was constructed. We provided conclusive clinical evidence regarding the association between MHCsig and immunotherapy response. We developed MHCsig, which could effectively predict the benefits of immunotherapy for multiple tumors. Further exploration of MHCsig revealed some potential therapeutic targets and regulatory networks.
Friction Velocity Determination Techniques in Turbulent Boundary Layers with Miniature Vortex Generators
Authors: Kong Jiahao , Nugroho Bagus , Bennetts Luke G. , Chan C. I. , Chin R. C. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractMiniature vortex generators (MVGs) have the potential to control turbulent boundary layers (TBLs). Analyzing the scaled turbulent structure of MVG TBLs in experiments typically requires indirect methods for accurate friction velocity $$U_\tau$$

U
τ

determination. The established methods for $$U_\tau$$

U
τ

determination need to be verified for non-generic TBLs, such as MVG TBLs, especially at near-wake stations. This study compares the performance of the five most common $$U_\tau$$

U
τ

-determination methods when applied to MVG TBLs. The methods are tuned in terms of their free parameters and fitting ranges using direct measurements of $$U_\tau$$

U
τ

from large eddy simulation data, and applied to a corresponding experiment to assess their accuracy. Based on the findings, an “inner” method, which is the Musker function with a drifting buffer layer incorporating a bump function, is recommended for MVG TBLs of the form investigated, as it provides a good estimation of $$U_\tau$$

U
τ

with uncertainty $$<3\%$$

<
3
%

for all streamwise stations. The method is applied to three further experimental tests with different flow conditions to study trends in $$U_\tau$$

U
τ

. The error of the drag variation is $$<6\%$$

<
6
%

, which indicates the method is reliable for MVG TBLs at high Reynolds numbers.
Impaired GABAergic regulation and developmental immaturity in interneurons derived from the medial ganglionic eminence in the tuberous sclerosis complex
Authors: Scheper Mirte , Sørensen Frederik N. F. , Ruffolo Gabriele , Gaeta Alessandro , Lissner Lilian J. , Anink Jasper J. , Korshunova Irina , Jansen Floor E. , Riney Kate , van Hecke Wim , Mühlebner Angelika , Khodosevich Konstantin , Schubert Dirk , Palma Eleonora , Mills James D. , Aronica Eleonora 
Published: May 2024

AbstractGABAergic interneurons play a critical role in maintaining neural circuit balance, excitation–inhibition regulation, and cognitive function modulation. In tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC), GABAergic neuron dysfunction contributes to disrupted network activity and associated neurological symptoms, assumingly in a cell type-specific manner. This GABAergic centric study focuses on identifying specific interneuron subpopulations within TSC, emphasizing the unique characteristics of medial ganglionic eminence (MGE)- and caudal ganglionic eminence (CGE)-derived interneurons. Using single-nuclei RNA sequencing in TSC patient material, we identify somatostatin-expressing (SST+) interneurons as a unique and immature subpopulation in TSC. The disrupted maturation of SST+ interneurons may undergo an incomplete switch from excitatory to inhibitory GABAergic signaling during development, resulting in reduced inhibitory properties. Notably, this study reveals markers of immaturity specifically in SST+ interneurons, including an abnormal NKCC1/KCC2 ratio, indicating an imbalance in chloride homeostasis crucial for the postsynaptic consequences of GABAergic signaling as well as the downregulation of GABAA receptor subunits, GABRA1, and upregulation of GABRA2. Further exploration of SST+ interneurons revealed altered localization patterns of SST+ interneurons in TSC brain tissue, concentrated in deeper cortical layers, possibly linked to cortical dyslamination. In the epilepsy context, our research underscores the diverse cell type-specific roles of GABAergic interneurons in shaping seizures, advocating for precise therapeutic considerations. Moreover, this study illuminates the potential contribution of SST+ interneurons to TSC pathophysiology, offering insights for targeted therapeutic interventions.
Association between BMI and oncologic outcomes in epithelial ovarian cancer: a predictors-matched case-control study
Authors: Levin Gabriel , Brezinov Yoav , Tzur Yossi , Bar-Noy Tomer , Brodeur Melica Nourmoussavi , Salvador Shannon , Lau Susie , Gotlieb Walter 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Objective
We aimed to study the association between obesity and survival in ovarian cancer (OC) patients, accounting for confounders as disease stage, histology, and comorbidities.

Methods
Retrospective matched case-control study of consecutive patients, with epithelial OC. Obese (body mass index [BMI] ≥ 35 kg m−2) patients were matched in a 1:4 ratio with patients having lower BMIs (BMI < 35 kg m−2) based on disease stage, cytoreduction state, tumor histology and ASA score. We compared the 3-year and total recurrence-free survival and overall survival through Kaplan–Meier survival curves and Cox proportional hazards.

Results
Overall, 153 consecutive patients were included, of whom 32 (20.9%) had a BMI ≥ 35. and 121 a BMI < 35. The median follow-up time was 39 months (interquartile range 18–67). Both study groups were similar in multiple prognostic factors, including American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status, completion of cytoreduction, histology and stage of disease (p = 0.981, p = 0.992, p = 0.740 and p = 0.984, respectively). Ninety-five (62.1%) patients underwent robotic surgery and conversion rate from robotic to laparotomy was similar in both groups 2 (6.3%) in obese group vs. 6 (5.0%) in lower BMI patients, p = 0.673. During the follow-up time, the rate of recurrence was similar in both groups; 21 (65.6%) in obese group vs. 68 (57.1%), p = 0.387 and the rate of death events was similar; 16 (50.0%) in obese group vs. 49 (40.5%), p = 0.333). The 3-year OS was higher in the obese group (log rank p = 0.042) but the 3-year RFS was similar in both groups (log rank p = 0.556). Median total OS was similar in both groups 62 months (95% confidence interval 25–98 months) in obese vs. 67 months (95% confidence interval 15–118) in the lower BMI group, log rank p = 0.822. Median RFS was similar in both groups; 61 months (95% confidence interval 47–74) in obese, vs. 54 (95% confidence interval 43–64), log rank p = 0.842. In Cox regression analysis for OS, including obesity, age, laparotomy and neoadjuvant treatment – only neoadjuvant treatment was independently associated with longer OS: odds ratio 1.82 (95% confidence interval 1.09–3.05) and longer RFS: odds ratio 2.16 (95% confidence interval 1.37–3.41).

Conclusions
In the present study on consecutive cases of ovarian cancer, obesity did not seem to be associated with outcome, except for an apparent improved 3-year survival that faded away thereafter.
Conformal thyroidectomy is a feasible option in papillary thyroid microcarcinoma: a retrospective cohort study with 10-year follow-up results
Authors: Li Chen , Cao Jian , Chen Guo-Shuai , Yang Xiao-Dong , Jiang Ke-Wei , Ye Ying-Jiang 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
In recent years, there has been an increasing prevalence of patients with papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC) without lymph node involvement in medical centers worldwide. For patients who are unable to undergo active surveillance (AS) and are afraid of postoperative complications, conformal thyroidectomy may be a suitable option to ensure both preservation of function and complete removal of the tumor.

Methods
The patients in the cohort during 2010 to 2015 were retrospectively enrolled strictly following the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The observation and control groups were defined based on the surgical approach, with patients in the observation group undergoing conformal thyroidectomy and patients in the control group undergoing lobectomy. Event-free survival (EFS), the interval from initial surgery to the detection of recurrent or metastatic disease, was defined as the primary observation endpoint.

Results
A total of 319 patients were included in the study, with 124 patients undergoing conformal thyroidectomy and 195 patients undergoing lobectomy. When compared to lobectomy, conformal thyroidectomy demonstrated reduced hospital stays, shorter operative times, and lower rates of vocal cord paralysis and hypoparathyroidism. Furthermore, the mean bleeding volume during the operation and the rate of permanent hypothyroidism were also lower in the conformal thyroidectomy group than in the lobectomy group. However, there was no statistically significant difference observed in the 5- and 10-year EFS between the two groups.

Conclusions
Conformal thyroidectomy had advantages in perioperative management and short-term complication rates, with an EFS that was not inferior to that of lobectomy. Thus, conformal thyroidectomy is a feasible option for low-risk PTMC patients.
The role of tumor-associated macrophages in tumor immune evasion
Authors: Huang Ruizhe , Kang Ting , Chen Siyu 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
Tumor growth is closely linked to the activities of various cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME), particularly immune cells. During tumor progression, circulating monocytes and macrophages are recruited, altering the TME and accelerating growth. These macrophages adjust their functions in response to signals from tumor and stromal cells. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), similar to M2 macrophages, are key regulators in the TME.

Methods
We review the origins, characteristics, and functions of TAMs within the TME. This analysis includes the mechanisms through which TAMs facilitate immune evasion and promote tumor metastasis. Additionally, we explore potential therapeutic strategies that target TAMs.

Results
TAMs are instrumental in mediating tumor immune evasion and malignant behaviors. They release cytokines that inhibit effector immune cells and attract additional immunosuppressive cells to the TME. TAMs primarily target effector T cells, inducing exhaustion directly, influencing activity indirectly through cellular interactions, or suppressing through immune checkpoints. Additionally, TAMs are directly involved in tumor proliferation, angiogenesis, invasion, and metastasis.

Summary
Developing innovative tumor-targeted therapies and immunotherapeutic strategies is currently a promising focus in oncology. Given the pivotal role of TAMs in immune evasion, several therapeutic approaches have been devised to target them. These include leveraging epigenetics, metabolic reprogramming, and cellular engineering to repolarize TAMs, inhibiting their recruitment and activity, and using TAMs as drug delivery vehicles. Although some of these strategies remain distant from clinical application, we believe that future therapies targeting TAMs will offer significant benefits to cancer patients.
Low-Energy Dipole Strength in $$^8$$He
Authors: Bonaiti Francesca , Bacca Sonia 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIn this work, we present new ab initio coupled-cluster calculations of dipole-excited state properties of $$^8$$

8

He based on the chiral effective field theory interaction 1.8/2.0 (EM). We focus on the dipole polarizability, and compare the results to our previous study [Phys. Rev. C 105, 034313 (2022)] and subsequent theoretical work. With the aim of connecting the presence of low-lying dipole strength to structure properties of $$^8$$

8

He, we compute the point-neutron radius, finding excellent agreement with available experimental data, and investigate its correlation with the dipole polarizability.
Structured abstract generator (SAG) model: analysis of IMRAD structure of articles and its effect on extractive summarization
Authors: Özkan Çelik Ayşe Esra , Al Umut 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAn abstract is the most crucial element that may convince readers to read the complete text of a scientific publication. However, studies show that in terms of organization, readability, and style, abstracts are also among the most troublesome parts of the pertinent manuscript. The ultimate goal of this article is to produce better understandable abstracts with automatic methods that will contribute to scientific communication in Turkish. We propose a summarization system based on extractive techniques combining general features that have been shown to be beneficial for Turkish. To construct the data set for this aim, a sample of 421 peer-reviewed Turkish articles in the field of librarianship and information science was developed. First, the structure of the full-texts, and their readability in comparison with author abstracts, were examined for text quality evaluation. A content-based evaluation of the system outputs was then carried out. System outputs, in cases of using and ignoring structural features of full-texts, were compared. Structured outputs outperformed classical outputs in terms of content and text quality. Each output group has better readability levels than their original abstracts. Additionally, it was discovered that higher-quality outputs are correlated with more structured full-texts, highlighting the importance of structural writing. Finally, it was determined that our system can facilitate the scholarly communication process as an auxiliary tool for authors and editors. Findings also indicate the significance of structural writing for better scholarly communication.
Chemical bonding and electronic properties along Group 13 metal oxides
Authors: Kapse Samadhan , Voccia Maria , Viñes Francesc , Illas Francesc 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Context
The present work provides a systematic theoretical analysis of the nature of the chemical bond in Al2O3, Ga2O3, and In2O3 group 13 cubic crystal structure metal oxides. The influence of the functional in the resulting band gap is assessed. The topological analysis of the electron density provides unambiguous information about the degree of ionicity along the group which is linearly correlated with the band gap values and with the cost of forming a single oxygen vacancy. Overall, this study offers a comprehensive insight into the electronic structure of metal oxides and their interrelations. This will help researchers to harness information effectively, boosting the development of novel metal oxide catalysts or innovative methodologies for their preparation.

Methods
Periodic density functional theory was used to predict the atomic structure of the materials of interest. Structure optimization was carried out using the PBE functional, using a plane wave basis set and the PAW representation of the atomic cores, using the VASP code. Next, the electronic properties were computed by carrying out single point calculations employing PBE, PBE + U functionals using VASP and also with PBE and the hybrid HSE06 functionals using the FHI-AIMS software. For the hybrid HSE06, the impact of the screening parameter, ω, and mixing parameter, α, on the calculated band gap has also been assessed.
CPL-01, an investigational long-acting ropivacaine, demonstrates safety and efficacy in open inguinal hernia repair
Authors: Xu H. T. , Zimmerman J. , Bertoch T. , Chen L. , Chen P. J. , Onel E. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
There is an unmet medical need for effective nonopioid analgesics that can decrease pain while reducing systemic opioid use. CPL-01, an extended-release injectable formulation of ropivacaine, is designed to safely provide analgesia and reduce or eliminate opioid use in the postoperative period.

Methods
Subjects undergoing open inguinal hernia with mesh were prospectively randomized to 1 of 3 doses of CPL-01 (10, 20, or 30 ml of 2% CPL-01, n = 14, 12, and 14, respectively), Naropin (150 mg, n = 40), or saline placebo (n = 13) infiltrated into the surgical site prior to closure. Pain and rescue medication usage was assessed, and Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) pain scores were adjusted for opioid usage using windowed worst observation carried forward (wWOCF) imputation. The primary efficacy endpoint was the mean area under the curve (AUC) of the NRS pain intensity scores with activity.

Results
Ninety-three subjects were treated, and 91 subjects completed 72 h of post-operative monitoring. Subjects who received the highest dose of CPL-01 in Cohort 3 showed a clinically meaningful reduction in postoperative pain intensity scores, which was the lowest value for any treatment in all cohorts, showing a trend towards statistical significance as compared to the pooled placebo group (p = 0.08), and numerically better than the 40 subjects who received Naropin. Opioid use through 72 h in subjects who received CPL-01 in Cohort 3 was approximately half of that shown in the placebo and Naropin groups; approximately 2/3 of the CPL-01 subjects (9/14) required no opioids at all through the first 72 h after the operation. More CPL-01 subjects avoided severe pain and were ready for discharge earlier than other groups. CPL-01 was safe and well-tolerated, with no clinically meaningful safety signals, and showed predictable and consistent extended-release pharmacokinetics.

Conclusion
Results suggest that CPL-01 may be the first long-acting ropivacaine to address postoperative pain while reducing the need for opioids.
The impact of food production on ecological footprint in Turkey: an analysis across agriculture, livestock, and aquaculture
Authors: Aktürk Ergün , Gültekin Sena 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe ecological footprint (ECF), which has been frequently examined recently, offers a comprehensive analysis of the environment and has started to be used in Turkey. However, although it is a significant area of study in the world, food production, that raise the ECF the most, has not been the subject of much research in Turkey. In the present analysis, food production’s impacts on the ECF in Turkey are analyzed with yearly statistics for the period 1961–2018. Within the frame of this analysis, both food production as a whole and agriculture, livestock, and aquaculture production, which are the components of food, were analyzed individually. In this context, four different models were constructed, and the Autoregressive Distributed Lag method was used to analyze. According to the outcomes of the analysis, food, agriculture, and livestock production raise the ECF while aquaculture production diminishes. The largest coefficient among the three sub-sectors belongs to the agriculture sector. In addition, while the use of fertilizers, agricultural land, GDP, population, and life expectancy at birth increases the ECF, the age dependency ratio decreases, and the effect of rural population differs in the models.
Partiality and Meaning
Authors: Lange Benjamin 
Published: May 2024

AbstractWhy do relationships of friendship and love support partiality, but not relationships of hatred or commitments of racism? Where does partiality end and why? I take the intuitive starting point that important cases of partiality are meaningful. I develop a view whereby meaning is understood in terms of transcending self-limitations in order to connect with things of external value. I then show how this view can be used to distinguish central cases of legitimate partiality from cases of illegitimate partiality and how it puts pressure on the traditional way of thinking about partiality.
Three-Dimensional Imaging of Non-metallic Inclusions in Steel Using Ionoluminescence
Authors: Imashuku Susumu 
Published: May 2024

AbstractObtaining information on the morphology, size, distribution, and chemical composition of non-metallic inclusions in steel helps control the steel production process and the quality of the steel products. Two-dimensional analysis is commonly used to acquire this information; however, more accurate data can be obtained through three-dimensional analysis, leading to a better control of the quality of steel products and their production process. Currently, several techniques are proposed for the three-dimensional analysis of non-metallic inclusions; however, they are time consuming. Herein, the author presented a method to rapidly obtain three-dimensional images of non-metallic inclusions in steel using ionoluminescence (IL). A three-dimensional image of MgO·Al2O3 spinel inclusions was constructed based on two-dimensional IL images obtained every 10 min during argon–ion bombardment. The proposed IL imaging can cover an oval-shaped area of 1.17 mm × 0.26 mm on the semi-major and in the semi-minor axes, respectively, at a single measurement. Three-dimension images of MgO·Al2O3 spinel inclusions with sizes more than 20 μm can be obtained within 4 hours. Therefore, the IL imaging proposed here can provide a precise and rapid account of the effects of non-metallic inclusions on steel products and the steel production process.