bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Catalysis Based on Nanocrystals with Well‐Defined Facets
Authors: Zhou Kebin , Li Yadong 
Published: December 2011

AbstractUsing bottom‐up chemistry techniques, the composition, size, and shape in particular can now be controlled uniformly for each and every nanocrystal (NC). Research into shape‐controlled NCs have shown that the catalytic properties of a material are sensitive not only to the size but also to the shape of the NCs as a consequence of well‐defined facets. These findings are of great importance for modern heterogeneous catalysis research. First, a rational synthesis of catalysts might be achieved, since desired activity and selectivity would be acquired by simply tuning the shape, that is, the exposed crystal facets, of a NC catalyst. Second, shape‐controlled NCs are relatively simple systems, in contrast to traditional complex solids, suggesting that they may serve as novel model catalysts to bridge the gap between model surfaces and real catalysts.
Synthesis and characterization of polyhedral oligomeric azido‐octaphenylsilsesquioxane
Authors: Fan Haibo , Yang Rongjie 
Published: December 2011

AbstractPolyhedral oligomeric azido‐octaphenylsilsesquioxane (N3‐OPS) was synthesized from octaaminophenylsilsesquioxane (OAPS) via its diazonium salt. The synthesis included nitration of octaphenylsilsesquioxane (OPS) to octanitrophenylsilsesquioxane (ONPS), conversion of ONPS into octaaminophenylsilsesquioxane (OAPS), and conversion of OAPS into N3‐OPS. The kinetics of the conversion of OAPS into N3‐OPS were studied by recording the volume of N2 gas released with the reaction time, which revealed it to be a 1st order reaction. The chemical structures of ONPS, OAPS and N3‐OPS were characterized by 1H‐NMR, GPC, FTIR, 29Si solid NMR, 13C‐NMR, XRD, and elemental analysis. It is proposed that the diazonium salt of OAPS was substituted by the main N3 group and a few of the OH groups. The ratio of N3:OH was calculated to be approximately 68:32 in N3‐OPS on the basis of the elemental analysis and 1H‐NMR. XRD suggested that N3‐OPS was a kind of amorphous compound. The two‐step conversion mechanism of OAPS to N3‐OPS was briefly discussed. TGA results showed that N3‐OPS was stable at ambient temperature. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012
Organic liquid stimuli‐response behaviors of electrically conductive microfibrillar composite with a selective conductive component distribution
Authors: Dai Kun , Zhang Yi‐Chuan , Tang Jian‐Hua , Ji Xu , Li Zhong‐Ming 
Published: December 2011

AbstractThis article reports the organic liquid stimuli‐response behaviors of carbon black (CB)‐filled electrically conductive microfibrillar poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET)/polyethylene (PE) composite (FCMC) with CB particles selectively localized at PET microfibrils' surfaces. It was found that FCMC's thickness and CB concentration affected its responsivity significantly, a thinner FCMC film with a high CB content exhibited higher responsivity and better signals. In immersion‐drying tests, FCMC displayed high and stable responsivities after six immersion‐drying runs, indicating that the solvent absorption/desorption equilibrium state was achieved. After long‐term immersion, FCMC showed obviously different organic liquid stimuli‐response behaviors with faster response rate in immersion and higher terminal resistivity platform in drying, compared with samples without immersion treatment. Conductive network's microstructural changes induced by the long‐term immersion and evident capillary effect, which resulted in slow evaporation of remaining solvent in FCMC's interfaces, are the reasons for the phenomenon. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011
Ageing of poly(ethylene terephthalate) and poly(ethylene naphthalate) under moderately accelerated conditions
Authors: Turnbull L. , Liggat J. J. , MacDonald W. A. 
Published: December 2011

AbstractPEN is thought to have increased thermal and hydrolytic resistance in comparison to PET. However, due to a lack of research, few studies have been published on the degradation of PEN. In our research, we report on the extent of degradation in PET and PEN after ageing under contrasting environments (dry nitrogen, dry air, wet nitrogen, and wet air) at temperatures between 140°C and 190°C. A combination of analysis techniques were employed in order to characterize and track the physical and chemical changes in the aged polyester samples, enabling the effects of temperature, water, and oxygen to be mapped onto the resultant property changes of PET and PEN. The extent of degradation has been shown to differ between both polymers and the dominant degradation mechanism in PET was shown to differ with ageing temperature. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011
Predictors of functional impairment and pain in erosive osteoarthritis of the interphalangeal joints: Comparison with controlled inflammatory arthritis
Authors: Wittoek Ruth , Cruyssen Bert Vander , Verbruggen Gust 
Published: December 2011

AbstractObjectiveTo compare levels of pain and functional limitation in patients with erosive osteoarthritis (OA) of the interphalangeal finger joints with those in patients with nonerosive OA and patients with controlled inflammatory arthritis affecting the hands, and to explore predictors of functional impairment in erosive OA.MethodsA cross‐sectional study including 270 patients with OA of the hands who were referred to rheumatology clinics was performed. A group of patients with inflammatory arthritis (rheumatoid arthritis or psoriatic arthritis) with a low Disease Activity Score in 28 joints (<3.2; n = 79) was examined. Levels of functional impairment (measured by the Functional Index for Hand OA [FIHOA] and Australian/Canadian OA Hand Index [AUSCAN]) and pain were compared between the groups. Predictors of functional impairment in erosive OA were evaluated by generalized linear models.ResultsOf 270 patients with hand OA, 167 (61.9%) were classified as having erosive OA. Despite a higher percentage of patients taking analgesics (almost 60%), patients with erosive OA had worse functional outcome and pain scores than patients with controlled inflammatory arthritis or nonerosive OA. Pain scores remained significantly higher in patients with erosive OA after correction for potential confounders. FIHOA and AUSCAN function scores showed a trend toward more disability in patients with erosive OA. Female sex and the number of radiographic affected joints (consisting of joints in the erosive and remodeled radiographic phases) were the strongest predictors of functional impairment in erosive OA. Whether the carpometacarpal joints were affected did not influence functional status in patients with erosive OA.ConclusionOur findings indicate that patients with erosive OA have more functional impairment and significantly more pain compared to patients with controlled inflammatory arthritis affecting the hands. This highlights the significant clinical burden of erosive OA and warrants the search for new treatment strategies.
Regional differences in grey and white matter in children and adults with autism spectrum disorders: an activation likelihood estimate (ALE) meta‐analysis
Authors: Duerden Emma G. , Mak‐Fan Kathleen M. , Taylor Margot J. , Roberts S. Wendy 
Published: December 2011

AbstractStructural alterations in brain morphology have been inconsistently reported in children compared to adults with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). We assessed these differences by performing meta‐analysis on the data from 19 voxel‐based morphometry studies. Common findings across the age groups were grey matter reduction in left putamen and medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and grey matter increases in the lateral PFC, while white matter decreases were seen mainly in the children in frontostriatal pathways. In the ASD sample, children/adolescents were more likely than adults to have increased grey matter in bilateral fusiform gyrus, right cingulate and insula. Results show that clear maturational differences exist in social cognition and limbic processing regions only in children/adolescents and not in adults with ASD, and may underlie the emotional regulation that improves with age in this population. Autism Res 2012,5:49–66. © 2011 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Earthquake Distresses Reproductive Function but not Fetal Development in Rats
Authors: Guo Haidong , Pan Li , Li Zike , Wei Na , Wang Hanrong , Xiao Kai , Li Hongxia 
Published: December 2011

BACKGROUNDIt is well known that earthquake severely threatens life‐safety and physical damage. However, the empirical literature on the effects of nature disasters such as earthquake on the reproductive outcomes is limited.METHODSOn May 12th, 2008, a massive 8.0 magnitude earthquake occurred in Wenchuan, a city 92 km away from our animal facility [National Chengdu Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs (NCCSED)]. To investigate whether this tremendous earthquake exerted adverse effects on the reproductive and developmental functions in Sprague–Dawley rats, we collected some relevant data from reproductive toxicity studies around the earthquake, and compared them with the background data, which were gathered before and after the earthquake. Copulation ratio, gestation ratio, and fertility of female rats, as well as uterine and fetal morphology, were examined.RESULTS: Our data demonstrated that the Wenchuan earthquake significantly decreased the copulation and gestation ratio, although it did not exhibit obvious side effects on some other reproductive and developmental parameters.
Teilsicherheitsbeiwerte für bestehende Stahlbetonbauwerke
Authors: Moser Thomas , Strauss Alfred , Bergmeister Konrad 
Published: December 2011

AbstractAllgemeine probabilistische Methoden für die Zuverlässigkeitsbewertung erlauben die Berücksichtigung von Unsicherheiten in der Planung, Bemessung, Ausführung und Erhaltung von neuen und historischen Stahlbetontragwerken. Die Umsetzung der in den Normen erlaubten probabilistischen Nachweisverfahren zur Zuverlässigkeitsbewertung bestehender Stahlbetonbauwerke kommt bis dato nur sehr beschränkt zur Anwendung und fordert entsprechende Modifikationen.Eine höhere Akzeptanz der probabilistischen Nachweisverfahren kann, neben der Zurverfügungstellung von vereinfachten Verfahren für die Bestimmung der Zuverlässigkeit, durch die systematische Angabe von stochastischen Modellen für wesentliche Eigenschaften (z. B. Eigenschaften der Materialien, Widerstände, Lastenmodelle etc.) von neuen und historischen Strukturen erreicht werden. Insbesondere ist für die Praxis eine Methode zur Anpassung der Teilsicherheitsfaktoren des semi‐probabilistischen Nachweisverfahrens aufgrund von erhobenen oder vorgegebenen stochastischen Modellen von großem Interesse, um die etablierten normspezifischen Nachweisroutinen beibehalten zu können.Die Zielsetzung dieses Beitrages ist die Vorstellung und Diskussion einer Methode zur Anpassung der Teilsicherheitsbeiwerte aufgrund erhobener stochastischer Modelle der Eigenschaften von historischen und neuen Strukturen und einer möglichen Reduktion im Zuverlässigkeitsniveau. Die Methode wird an einem repräsentativen dreifeldrigen Plattentragwerk der Österreichischen Bundesbahnen demonstriert.Partial safety factors for reinforced concrete structures – verification of the shear capacityGeneral probabilistic methods for reliability evaluation allow the consideration of uncertainties in planning, design, execution and maintenance of new and historic reinforced concrete structures. The implementation of the probabilistic method used for the reliability evaluation of existing structures which is allowed according to the standards is in very limited use and requires some modifications.A greater acceptance of the probabilistic methods could be reached through some simplified procedures for determining the reliability or the systematic specification of the stochastic models of the essential properties (e.g. properties of materials, of loadmodels, etc.).Especially for the engineering practice a method for adapting the partial safety factors of the semi – probabilistic calculation method would be very useful.The aim of this paper is to present and discuss a method to adjust the partial safety factors due to collected stochastic models of the properties of historic and new structures and a possible reduction of the reliability level. The method is demonstrated on a representative three – span plate structure of the Austrian Federal Railways.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of intraoperative versus preoperative endoscopic sphincterotomy in patients with gallbladder and suspected common bile duct stones (Br J Surg 2011; 98: 908–916)
Authors: Siddiqui M N , Siddiqui Z A 
Published: December 2011

Abstract
The Editors welcome topical correspondence from readers relating to articles published in the Journal. Responses should be sent electronically via the BJS website (www.bjs.co.uk). All letters will be reviewed and, if approved, appear on the website. A selection of these will be edited and published in the Journal. Letters must be no more than 250 words in length. Copyright © 2011 British Journal of Surgery Society Ltd. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Presidents page
Authors: Smith Linda C. 
Published: December 2011

AbstractThe publications of the American Society for Information Science and Technology (ASIS&T) continue a strong, 60‐year tradition of disseminating professional information started by the American Documentation Institute and its successor, the American Society for Information Science. ASIS&T's publications inform members and others seeking knowledge of the field, its practice and of policy related to information, associated technologies and information access. The core publication is the Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology (JASIS&T), the primary channel for scholarly communications for the field. It is supplemented by the Bulletin of the American Society for Information Science and Technology, the Proceedings of the ASIS&T Annual Meeting, ASIS&T monographs, and the ASIS&T Thesaurus of Information Science, Technology and Librarianship. Access to these resources is expanding through the ASIS&T Digital Library. Together, the society's publications serve as important and impartial communication vehicles for members and others. ASIS&T members are invited to share their expertise and opinions, contributing as authors to the Journal, Bulletin, Proceedings and monographs.
Libraries, librarians and mobile services
Authors: Thomas Lisa Carlucci 
Published: December 2011

AbstractIn recognition of the rise of mobile computing, a collection of articles is presented to explore its transformative influence on libraries, librarians and library services. Libraries are offering an expanding array of electronic resources, and patrons are eager to access them on their smartphones, tablet, and similar devices. Despite technological and budgetary challenges, librarians are finding success through creativity and collaboration. This special section explores several aspects of mobile computing in the library context. The articles describe innovative projects made possible by partnering with experts offering programming and other skills, technology implementations that expand users' awareness of and access to resources and practical solutions to common challenges of mobile sites for libraries.
Mobile website development: From site to app
Authors: Iglesias Edward , Meesangnil Wittawat 
Published: December 2011

AbstractStaff and volunteers at Central Connecticut State University's Burritt Library responded to the surging demand for a Library website readable on many mobile devices. An intern and a core group of individuals with common understanding of the goals and needs undertook the development process, starting with the recognition that a library's mobile site should and could not replicate the full content of the existing website. They focused on basic library information, library catalog search, and an instant messaging link to the reference desk. Developers adopted packaged mobile frameworks to first create a simple static mobile site and subsequently took the further step to develop a dynamic library app, distributable through an app market. The app design supported expanded features and functionality, including an interactive library map and QR code scanner. The Burritt Library experience illustrates important lessons about the process and that, with determination and a modicum of skills, developing a mobile website and app is achievable and timely.
Designing low‐cost mobile websites for libraries
Authors: Travis Tiffini , Tay Aaron 
Published: December 2011

AbstractAs smartphone ownership rises, usage patterns are expanding. Libraries face an increasing demand for online content delivered in a mobile compatible format while being constrained by financial and staffing limitations. Solutions are readily available through free and low‐cost products to create mobile web pages and existing design models from which to draw inspiration. Platform‐specific apps can easily support the kinds of content most commonly delivered on library mobile pages: basic contact information and outbound links to the catalog, databases, and other resources. Two software platforms for creating simple pages were tested, the free software from WordPress with mobile detection formatting enabled and LibGuides' mobile friendly platform in a basic version, free for those with LibGuides accounts, and the more feature‐rich MobileBuilder version. Each was found to have advantages and weaknesses. Whichever platform is chosen, usability testing is critical. The authors offer a “Heuristic Checklist for Library Mobile Design,” detailing aspects of interface design, user characteristics, and content delivery that should be assessed to determine how well the platform serves a library's requirements for mobile usability.
Mobile usability
Authors: Wisniewski Jeff 
Published: December 2011

AbstractThe rapid growth in use of mobile devices demands that libraries accommodate information presentation on smartphones and other small screens. Usability should be the focus for every stage of design, ideally following the conventions and best practices promulgated by the World Wide Web Consortium and codified by major manufacturers such as Apple, Android and Blackberry. A mobile device is not simply a reduced‐size desktop; its minimal real estate requires different design choices and compromises that affect reading, navigation and entering text. Testing and evaluating the mobile interface design and function require attention to the hardware, operating system and browser. Ideally testing should be performed on multiple hardware configurations and by a wide variety of users. Emulators, simulators and lab testing can be useful but should not replace usability evaluation by real people in real life situations.
Detailed anatomy of the capsulopalpebral fascia
Authors: Nam Yong Seok , Han Seung‐Ho , Shin Sun Young 
Published: December 2011

AbstractThis study was designed to elucidate the detailed anatomy of the capsulopalpebral fascia (CPF) and capsulopalpebral head (CPH), and their relationships to the inferior rectus muscle (IRM). In this cohort study, 40 eyes from 20 cadavers were observed macroscopically. Dissection was carried out from the CPF origin to its insertion, and the CPF origin pattern was photographed in each specimen. The width, length, and tensile strength of the CPF were measured. The CPF originated 25.07 ± 1.07 mm laterally and 24.86 ± 1.10 mm medially from the origin of the IRM and extended to the lower border of the inferior oblique muscle, and it firmly adhered to the IRM surface and formed into the CPH. The CPH was 4.31 ± 0.86 mm laterally and 6.18 ± 1.94 mm medially in length and 7.47 ± 0.81 mm in width. The CPF originated from the total width or 3/4 temporal part of the IRM in 32 (80%) of 40 faces. There was asymmetry in the pattern of the CPF origin between the left and right eyes in 4 of 20 paired specimens (20%). The tensile strength of the posterior layer was 19.12 ± 11.22 N, which was significantly higher than that of the anterior layer (8.59 ± 3.88 N) (P = 0.001). This study provided a good understanding of the CPF structures conducive to performing IRM surgery. Clin. Anat. 25:709–713, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Robotic thyroid surgery: Clinical and anatomic considerations
Authors: Janus Jeffrey R. , Moore Eric J. , Price Daniel L. , Kasperbauer Jan 
Published: December 2011

AbstractRobotic thyroid surgery is a relatively new technique that provides the patient with the aesthetic advantage of a surgery without a scar in the anterior cervical region. The use of this technique, however, forces the surgeon to view the anatomy from a different vantage point, concomitantly providing the surgeon with a challenge with respect to dissection and sound oncologic ablation. It is important to note that robotic surgery used in this fashion is not limited access but rather requires a greater surface area of dissection to reach the surgical target. This article will discuss the relevant anatomy, operative goals, robotic technique, and clinical considerations of robotic thyroid surgery. Clin. Anat. 25:40–53, 2012. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Inhibition of Heat Shock Transcription Factor Binding by a Linear Polyamide Binding in an Unusual 1:1 Mode
Authors: Wang Rongsheng E. , Pandita Raj K. , Cai Jianfeng , Hunt Clayton R. , Taylor John‐Stephen 
Published: December 2011

AbstractHeat shock proteins (HSPs) are known to protect cells from heat, oxidative stress, and the cytotoxic effects of drugs, and thus can enhance cancer cell survival. As a result, HSPs are a newly emerging class of protein targets for chemotherapy. Among the various HSPs, the HSP70 family is the most highly conserved and prevalent. Herein we describe the development of a β‐alanine rich linear polyamide that binds the GGA heat shock elements (HSEs) 3 and 4 in the HSP70 promoter in an unusual 1:1 mode and inhibits heat shock transcription factor 1 (HSF1) binding in vitro.