bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rhizosphere-xylem sap connections in the olive tree microbiome: implications for biostimulation approaches
Authors: Marques Mónica , Sierra-Garcia I Natalia , Leitão Frederico , Martins João , Patinha Carla , Pinto Glória , Cunha Ângela 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Aims
Climate change is endangering olive groves. Farmers are adapting by exploring new varieties of olive trees and examining the role of microbiomes in plant health.
The main objectives of this work were to determine the primary factors that influence the microbiome of olive trees and to analyze the connection between the rhizosphere and endosphere compartments.

Methods and Results
The rhizosphere and xylem sap microbiomes of two olive tree varieties were characterized by next-generation 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing, and soil descriptors were analyzed. Bacterial communities in the rhizosphere of olive trees were more diverse than those found in the xylem sap. Pseudomonadota, Actinobacteriota, Acidobacteriota, and Bacillota were the dominant phyla in both compartments. At the genus level, only very few taxa were shared between soil and sap bacterial communities.

Conclusions
The composition of the bacteriome was more affected by the plant compartment than by the olive cultivar or soil properties, and a direct route from the rhizosphere to the endosphere could not be confirmed. The large number of plant growth-promoting bacteria found in both compartments provides promising prospects for improving agricultural outcomes through microbiome engineering.
Effect of repeated HPA axis stimulation on hair cortisol concentration, growth, and behavior in preweaned dairy cattle
Authors: Kern Jessica , Jorgensen Matthew W , Boerman Jacquelyn P , Erasmus Marisa , Johnson Jay S , Pempek Jessica A 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The study objective was to investigate the effect of repeated hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis stimulation using synthetic adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) intramuscular injections on hair cortisol concentration, growth, and behavior in preweaned dairy calves. Twenty-seven Holstein calves were assigned to nine triads (based on sex and birth order) and randomly assigned to 1 of 3 treatments: 1) control (CON; 2 mL saline weekly); 2) moderate (MOD; alternating Cosyntropin [2 mcg/kg body weight (BW)] and saline weekly); or 3) frequent (FREQ; Cosyntropin [2 mcg/kg BW] weekly). Calves received their first injection on study day 0 (7 ± 1 d of age). Hair was collected from the tail switch between days −5 and −3 (baseline), 21, and 49 and analyzed for cortisol concentration. To verify the endogenous cortisol release by Cosyntropin during the treatment period, saliva was collected on days 0, 14, 28, and 42 before injection and every 15 min for 2 h after injection for analysis of salivary cortisol concentration. Calves were fitted with accelerometers to continuously monitor lying time, number of lying bouts, and lying bout duration throughout the study. Growth measures (BW, hip height, hip width) were recorded weekly. Data were analyzed using repeated measures ANOVA (SAS, Version 9.4), and models included the fixed effects of treatment, time (min or study day), and interaction between treatment and time. Temperature humidity index was included as a continuous covariate in all models. We observed a treatment × min interaction (P &lt; 0.0001), whereby salivary cortisol concentration was lower in CON calves compared to MOD and FREQ calves 15 to 120 min postinjection. While hair cortisol concentration was not influenced by treatment, concentration decreased from day 21 (1.28 ± 0.03 ng/mL) to 49 (0.93 ± 0.03 ng/mL). Average BW was similar across treatments (CON [59.4 ± 1.09 kg], MOD [58.6 ± 0.98 kg], and FREQ [57.6 ± 0.96 kg]; P = 0.50). There was no evidence to suggest a difference in average daily lying time (CON [18.5 ± 0.23 h/d], MOD [18.6 ± 0.23 h/d], and FREQ [18.5 ± 0.23 h/d]; P = 0.99). These results suggest that repeated HPA axis stimulation through Cosyntropin administration increased salivary cortisol concentration, but did not influence hair cortisol concentration, growth, or behavior in preweaned dairy calves.
The neurodevelopmental genes alan shepard and Neuroglian contribute to female mate preference in African Drosophila melanogaster
Authors: Roy Paula R , Castillo Dean M 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Mate choice is a key trait that determines fitness for most sexually reproducing organisms, with females often being the choosy sex. Female preference often results in strong selection on male traits that can drive rapid divergence of traits and preferences between lineages, leading to reproductive isolation. Despite this fundamental property of female mate choice, very few loci have been identified that contribute to mate choice and reproductive isolation. We used a combination of population genetics, quantitative complementation tests, and behavioural assays to demonstrate that alan shepard and Neuroglian contribute to female mate choice, and could contribute to partial reproductive isolation between populations of Drosophila melanogaster. Our study is among the first to identify genes that contribute to female mate preference in this historically important system, where female preference is an active premating barrier to reproduction. The identification of loci that are primarily known for their roles in neurodevelopment provides intriguing questions of how female mate preference evolves in populations via changes in sensory system and higher learning brain centres.
Determining the accuracy and suitability of common analytical techniques for sophorolipid biosurfactants
Authors: Ingham Benjamin , Sung Rehana , Kay Phil , Hollywood Katherine , Wongsirichot Phavit , Veitch Alistair , Winterburn James 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
To determine the performance of a sophorolipid biosurfactant production process, it is important to have accurate and specific analytical techniques in place. Among the most popular are the anthrone assay, gravimetric quantification (hexane:ethyl acetate extraction), and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The choice of analytical tool varies depending on cost, availability, and ease of use; however, these techniques have never been compared directly against one another. In this work, 75 fermentation broths with varying product/substrate concentrations were comprehensively tested with the 3 techniques and compared. HPLC–ultraviolet detection (198 nm) was capable of quantifying C18:1 subterminal hydroxyl diacetylated lactonic sophorolipid down to a lower limit of 0.3 g/L with low variability (&lt;3.21%). Gravimetric quantification of the broths following liquid:liquid extraction with hexane and ethyl acetate showed some linearity (R2 = .658) when compared to HPLC but could not quantify lower than 11.06 g/L, even when no sophorolipids were detected in the sample, highlighting the non-specificity of the method to co-extract non-sophorolipid components in the final gravimetric measure. The anthrone assay showed no linearity (R2 = .129) and was found to cross-react with media components (rapeseed oil, corn steep liquor, glucose), leading to consistent overestimation of sophorolipid concentration. The appearance of poor biomass separation during sample preparation with centrifugation was noted and resolved with a novel sample preparation method with pure ethanol. Extensive analysis and comparisons of the most common sophorolipid quantification techniques are explored and the limitations/advantages are highlighted. The findings provide a guide for scientists to make an informed decision on the suitable quantification tool that meets their needs, exploring all aspects of the analysis process from harvest, sample preparation, and analysis.
Glioblastoma vulnerability to neddylation inhibition is dependent on PTEN status, and dysregulation of the cell cycle and DNA replication
Authors: Taylor Brett , Tang Nanyun , Hao Yue , Lee Matthew , Peng Sen , Bybee Rita , Hartman Lauren , Garcia-Mansfield Krystine , Sharma Ritin , Pirrotte Patrick , Ma Jianhui , Parisian Alison D , Furnari Frank , Dhruv Harshil D , Berens Michael E 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background
Neddylation (NAE) inhibition, affecting posttranslational protein function and turnover, is a promising therapeutic approach to cancer. We report the cytotoxic vulnerability to NAE inhibitors in a subset of glioblastoma (GBM) preclinical models and identify genetic alterations and biological processes underlying differential response.

Methods
GBM DNA sequencing and transcriptomic data were queried for genes associated with response to NAE inhibition; candidates were validated by molecular techniques. Multi-omics and functional assays revealed processes implicated in NAE inhibition response.

Results
Transcriptomics and shotgun proteomics depict PTEN signaling, DNA replication, and DNA repair pathways as significant differentiators between sensitive and resistant models. Vulnerability to MLN4924, a NAE inhibitor, is associated with elevated S-phase populations, DNA re-replication, and DNA damage. In a panel of GBM models, loss of WT PTEN is associated with resistance to different NAE inhibitors. A NAE inhibition response gene set could segregate the GBM cell lines that are most resistant to MLN4924.

Conclusions
Loss of WT PTEN is associated with non-sensitivity to 3 different compounds that inhibit NAE in GBM. A NAE inhibition response gene set largely consisting of DNA replication genes could segregate GBM cell lines most resistant to NAEi and may be the basis for future development of NAE inhibition signatures of vulnerability and clinical trial enrollment within a precision medicine paradigm.
Kinetics and mechanism of esterification of palmitic acid with ethanol in the presence of Brønsted acidic ionic liquids as catalyst
Authors: Chandrika Beula , Muraleedharan Srilekshmi , Chandran Gokul 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The present work is focused on the kinetics and mechanisms of palmitic acid and ethanol esterification reaction using Brønsted acidic ionic liquids (BAILs) as catalysts. The experiments were performed in an isothermal batch reactor and progress of reaction has been monitored by measuring the water content using Karl Fischer Titrator. The experimental data has been investigated by integral method of data analysis to determine the kinetics. The kinetics from the experimental data revealed that the reaction is non-elementary, and a suitable mechanism was proposed. The importance of activity coefficients was also studied using UNIFAC and modified UNIFAC programme.
From Molecules to Computational Modeling
Authors: Zhang Yili , Smolen Paul , Byrne John H. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Invertebrates have provided key insights into the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying different types of learning and memory. However, although many details of molecular processes are known, the ways in which they quantitatively account for memory are not well understood due, in part, to the nonlinearity and complexity of these molecular processes. Computational modeling of these complex process can provide valuable insights into their role in memory processes. This chapter reviews computational modeling developed to describe long-term synaptic plasticity associated with a simple form of learning called sensitization in a model invertebrate, the marine mollusk Aplysia. It also reviews how these models have successfully led to the development of strategies for enhancing synaptic plasticity and rescuing deficits in synaptic plasticity. Finally, the relevance of these findings to memory systems in other animals will be discussed.
Introduction
Authors: Fung C. Victor , Tan Leonard 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This chapter outlines the rationale for addressing Asian philosophies in music education. A brief overview of the philosophy of music education reveals the lack of coverage of non-Western philosophies in the field. A premise of this book is a multicultural approach to the philosophy of music education, in which the various authors recognize the profound richness, distinctiveness, diversity, and potential for development of Asian philosophies, which are beyond the scope of any single volume. The chapter proposes charting a New Silk Road in music education by sharing valuable Asian treatises on philosophy and music, and provides an overview of the rest of the book.
Taksu in Balinese Music
Authors: Dibia I Wayan 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
In Bali, Indonesia, musicians strongly believe in the impact of taksu in their arts. Taksu, a divine power and supreme energy, is a profound traditional concept in the Balinese cultural system, essential especially in all forms of local performing arts. In this chapter, the author discusses the importance of taksu in Balinese gamelan music. The three main questions raised in this chapter are: (1) What is taksu to the Balinese? (2) Where does this divine power reside in Balinese music? and (3) How do local musicians obtain this spiritual power? This chapter shows that taksu is the soul and power of Balinese arts. Only a music or dance performance with taksu can show “lightning” on stage that can deeply touch everyone in the audience. The author concludes that taksu is a special power and energy essential to all art forms, including both traditional and contemporary music.
Trading Ideas on a New Silk Road
Authors: Tan Leonard , Fung C. Victor 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This chapter is a recap and synthesis of ideas presented by the various culture bearers of the philosophies to which they attest in this volume. It contains a synopsis of each of its four main sections (Chinese, Japanese and Korean, South and Southeast Asian, and Islamic and Middle Eastern), followed by a discussion relating them to major philosophies in the English-speaking world. The authors then argue for the need for music educators to continue trading ideas on a New Silk Road, emphasizing how a multicultural approach to music education, one that celebrates multiplicities and pluralities, must be undergirded by a multiphilosophical underpinning. It concludes with the themes of continuity, interaction, intersection, value, and philosophical openness.
Hebrews, the Catholic Epistles, and the “Delay of the Parousia”
Authors: Gathercole Simon 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This essay considers the scholarly theory of the imminence and delay of the parousia as it relates to Hebrews and the Catholic Epistles. According to some, the first Christians viewed Christ’s return as immediately impending, and when this did not take place, they experienced disappointment and then recalibrated the timing of the end to factor in delay. This chapter finds little evidence for the delay theory in Hebrews and the Catholic Epistles; there is nothing specific about the timing of Christ’s return. Additionally, scholars can exaggerate the evidence for imminent expectation in these letters, with insufficient accounting for the elasticity of nearness. Positively, the letters evince fruitful theological ideas of temporality, such as the incommensurability of divine and human time, the unrepeatability of the end, the relative extents of time before the end now and everlasting glory in the future, and the meshing of the present age and eternity.
Hebrews
Authors: Schenck Kenneth 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This essay focuses on the Letter to the Hebrews and surveys a number of the perennial issues scholars have debated concerning its interpretation, including authorship, provenance and date, audience, literary questions such as structure and the use of sources, the letter’s relationship to Judaism, and its contributions to Christian theology. Scholarly trends are in part a function of context, with sociological and historical factors playing a larger role than scholars themselves often realize. Hebrews is no exception. In the aftermath of the Holocaust, for example, it is no surprise that biblical scholars might emphasize the continuity of Hebrews with Judaism and reject the notion of a “parting of the ways” within the Jesus movement. By the end of the century, postmodernist theory and the methodological concerns of thinkers like Hans-Georg Gadamer would increasingly focus the attention of interpreters on hermeneutical issues. Approaches often characterized as theological interpretation, by contrast, as well as efforts at reading Hebrews through the lens of Christian doctrine have become more pronounced over the past two decades. Whether or in what form scholars will return to historical-critical questions that occupied previous generations or seek out new areas of research, and in response to which new developments, is yet to be determined.
The Reception History of 1–2 Peter and Jude
Authors: Gray Patrick , Booth Adam 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This essay surveys a selection of themes in the reception history of 1–2 Peter and Jude. Topics examined include the doctrine of theōsis, developing notions of the parousia, the “priesthood of all believers,” understandings of persecution and martyrdom, slavery, the perspicuity of Scripture, the Descent into Hades, Christian attitudes toward civil authorities, slavery, the hermeneutical concerns reflected in 2 Pet 1:20–21, and assessments of the relationship between canonical and noncanonical writings. Later texts and traditions examined include medieval hymns, Thomas Aquinas, William Tyndale, John Calvin, Martin Luther, the seventeenth-century Dutch Martyrs’ Mirror, the Westminster Confession of Faith, eighteenth-century antislavery writings from Southern abolitionist Angelina Grimké, the Catechism of the Catholic Church, the Mormon Doctrine and Covenants, evangelical worship music, and Young Earth Creationism.
Pathology
Authors: Devinant Julien 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This chapter discusses Galen’s ideas concerning human ailments, their classification and etiology, and how they relate to entities from earlier medical traditions. It shows that Galen has set the scene for later developments by combining two approaches to disease: the classical notion of imbalance and the popular idea of functional damage. First, it outlines the status of pathology in Galen’s project and presents the context of its development. Next, the various concepts involved in it are defined. The structure of Galen’s nosology is then described and its meaning examined. Finally, it provides an account of the multiple levels of causation in play and how they inform the diagnostic procedure.
Galen on the Pulse
Authors: Lewis Orly 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This chapter sets out Galen’s theory and method concerning the pulse. It walks the reader through the clinical and diagnostic process related to the pulse, as Galen perceived it and following the path he set in his instruction of “the art of the pulse”: from physiology, through the classification of the different pulses, to the practical method of taking the pulse, identifying its characteristics and drawing diagnostic conclusions from it. The core of this chapter focuses on his pulse works and his teachings there; the penultimate section explores the extent to which those teachings are reflected in the rest of the Galenic corpus. The conclusion offers some overarching observations concerning Galen’s pulse works and the difference between the handbook style of other pulse works of the time and Galen’s extensive polemical and discursive treatises.
Galen beyond Baghdad
Authors: Das Aileen R. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This chapter argues that Galen gave medieval Islamicate authors an autobiographical discourse on which to draw to position themselves as more uniquely qualified than their peers and predecessors, including Galen himself, to improve their respective sciences. Focusing on individuals born outside of Baghdad, the chapter first investigates how the mathematician Ibn al-Haytham (d. 1039) and the theologian al-Ghazālī (1058–1111) appropriated Galen’s narrative about his youthful search for knowledge to distinguish Aristotelian philosophy and Sufism, rather than geometry, as the surest path to truth. The second half highlights how the doctors Ibn Riḍwān (988–1061) and al-Rāzī (d. 925) utilized Galen’s tactics of self-presentation—specifically, the link that he establishes between himself and Hippocrates and his claims of doctrinal independence—to supplant his medical authority.
Galen in Renaissance and Early Modern Debates
Authors: Hirai Hiro 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The substantial body of Galen’s writings was made available in Europe thanks to the Aldine Greek edition (Venice, 1525) along with a flood of Latin translations of individual treatises. This chapter explores the impact of some key texts of Galen (embryology, physiology, and pharmacology) in the initial shaping of early modern science and philosophy. To that end, it focuses on the particular use of Galen’s texts and ideas by Jean Fernel (1497–1558) of Paris, one of the most influential physician-philosophers of the Renaissance. It then addresses the major debates launched by Fernel and driven by his followers and critics in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries.
Galenic Anatomy in the Long Renaissance
Authors: Nutton Vivian 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The arrival of the Greek Galen in Quattrocento Italy brought Galenic anatomical texts to scholarly notice, although their major impact followed the Latin translations of 1529 and 1531. Early work concentrated on establishing a coherent vocabulary, soon followed by a surge of interest in dissection. Several writers noted discrepancies between Galen and what could be seen, but it was Vesalius in 1543 who emphasized that these errors were systematic, the result of reliance on animal dissections. His views were often opposed, but by 1580 his corrections were generally accepted as within the Galenic tradition, and Harvey saw his discovery of the circulation of the blood as supporting Galenic therapeutics. In Spain and elsewhere there was also a return to Galenic anatomical texts as providing a more relevant, functional anatomy for physicians.
Galen’s Legacy in Jewish and Muslim Medical Traditions in Europe
Authors: Caballero-Navas Carmen 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The aim of this chapter is to present a brief overview of the influence of Galen on the medical traditions of Muslims and Jews in medieval Europe, particularly in the Iberian Peninsula and the south of France. To that end, it will account for the impact of Galen’s understanding of medicine on both the textual production and the medical practice of members of the Jewish and Muslim communities in two distinct geopolitical and cultural contexts, the Islamicate areas of the above-mentioned region, that is, al-Andalus, and the territories under Christian rule. The chapter explores the modes in which Jews and Muslims of the European southwest acquired, accommodated, and transmitted Galenic medical knowledge and integrated it into their actual practice of medicine in a multicultural context.
Galen in Premodern Tibet and China
Authors: Weil Dror , Yoeli-Tlalim Ronit 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Galen’s name appears in several contexts of Asian medical traditions, and while those references do not come with much substantial medical input, their existence and contexts are important to delineate. Galen comes to Asia through mediating languages, primarily Arabic, Persian, and Syriac. The conduits that caused this knowledge to traverse Asia were a combination of empire and religion: translation projects between Greek, Syriac, and Arabic during the Abbasid dynasty, the movement of Islam and Eastern Christianity through Asia, the Mongol Empire and its lingering effects, followed by transmissions facilitated by Western (Christian and Muslim) missionaries. These were underlying causes with which we can explain how, when, and where we find Galen in pre-modern Tibet and China.