bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cerebrovascular responses to cold pressor test during static exercise in humans
Authors: Vianna Lauro C. , Sales Allan Robson Kluser , da Nóbrega Antonio Claudio Lucas 
Published: September 2011

SummaryThe purpose of this study was to determine whether exercise modulates the responses of middle cerebral artery blood velocity (MCA Vmean) and cerebrovascular conductance to sympathetic stimulation (i.e. cold pressor test – CPT). To accomplish this, MCA Vmean responses were assessed during CPT, static handgrip exercise (HG) at 30% of maximum voluntary contraction and combined condition (HG + CPT), assigned in a counterbalanced order, in eight healthy subjects. Blood pressure (BP), cardiac output (CO) and end‐tidal partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PETCO2) were also measured non‐invasively, and an index of vascular conductance was calculated for MCA (CVCi). BP increased from rest (P<0·05) during CPT and HG and was additionally augmented during HG + CPT (P<0·05 versus rest, CPT and HG). Despite the greater augmentation in BP during HG + CPT, MCA Vmean was similarly increased during both HG (18·5 ± 2%, P<0·05 versus rest) and combined condition (19·6 ± 2%, P<0·05 versus rest). MCA Vmean remained unchanged from rest during CPT only. CVCi was slightly reduced (P<0·05) from rest during HG but was greatly reduced by CPT (P<0·05 versus rest). The reduction in CVCi evoked by CPT at rest (−15 ± 2%, P<0·05 versus rest) was significantly attenuated during HG (−8 ± 2%, P<0·05 versus CPT). Increases in CO were similar in all trials, and PETCO2 was unchanged from rest throughout the experiments. In summary, the cerebral conductance index decreases during the cold pressure test while that reduction is smaller when the CPT is conducted during the HG. This was critical for the maintenance of MCA Vmean during combined condition.
Analysis of factors associated with patient satisfaction in ophthalmology: the influence of demographic data, visit characteristics and perceptions of received care
Authors: Schoenfelder Tonio , Klewer Joerg , Kugler Joachim 
Published: September 2011

Citation information: Schoenfelder T, Klewer J & Kugler J. Analysis of factors associated with patient satisfaction in ophthalmology: the influence of demographic data, visit characteristics and perceptions of received care. Ophthalmic Physiol Opt 2011, 31, 580–587. doi: 10.1111/j.1475‐1313.2011.00869.xAbstractPurpose:  To identify factors associated with satisfaction among patients receiving ophthalmic services and to indicate the intensity of this relationship.Methods:  The data used was obtained through a self‐administered, post‐visit questionnaire from randomly selected 507 patients treated in seven eye clinics in Germany. The instrument assessed satisfaction with several aspects of care and patient baseline and visit characteristics. Bivariate and multivariate techniques were used to reveal relations between indicators and overall satisfaction.Results:  Factor analysis yielded two factors, ‘medical aspects of care’ and ‘performance of service’, explaining 55% of total variance. Cronbach’s α coefficient for both scales indicates acceptable internal consistency. Bivariate analysis showed strong relations between overall satisfaction and perceived care with weaker findings pertaining to visit characteristics. Not any of the demographic variables was associated with overall satisfaction. Perceived length of stay, intention to return to the clinic, and occurrence of complications were influential attributes on satisfaction ratings. The multivariate analysis identified seven factors associated with overall satisfaction including the treatment outcome (OR: 4.57), kindness of the nurses (OR: 5.27) and medical practitioners (OR: 2.23), room amenities (OR: 2.72), organization of procedures and operations (OR: 2.71), information about anaesthesia (OR: 1.95), and cleanliness (OR: 1.93).Conclusions:  Factors associated with patient satisfaction in ophthalmology concern medical aspects like the organization of procedures and operations but also aspects that are not directly related to technical care, such as kindness of the nurses and cleanliness. Results show that patients’ subjective experiences of received care and services relate more strongly and consistently to overall satisfaction than patient demographic data or visit characteristics. Revealed factors predicting patient satisfaction are alterable by health care managers. Therefore, focusing on these attributes represents an effective manner to enhance patient satisfaction in ophthalmology.
Self‐Serving Attribution Bias, Overconfidence, and the Issuance of Management Forecasts
Authors: LIBBY ROBERT , RENNEKAMP KRISTINA 
Published: September 2011

ABSTRACTPrior studies document that managers consider a variety of costs and benefits when deciding whether to issue earnings forecasts. Using an abstract experiment and a survey of experienced financial managers, we provide evidence that managerial overconfidence may also contribute to this decision. Our experiment shows that participants engage in self‐serving attribution, giving greater weight to internal than external factors as explanations for good performance. This increases confidence in improved future performance, which increases their willingness to issue forecasts. Two facets of the stable individual trait overconfidence, dispositional optimism and miscalibration, also contribute to confidence in improved future performance and willingness to issue forecasts. Consistent with these results, experienced financial manager survey participants believe other managers are likely to overestimate the extent to which they contribute to positive firm performance, and both overoptimism about firm performance and overconfidence in their ability to predict future firm performance contribute to issuance of earnings forecasts.
Inhibition of voltage‐gated Na+ currents in sensory neurones by the sea anemone toxin APETx2
Authors: Blanchard Maxime G , Rash Lachlan D , Kellenberger Stephan 
Published: September 2011

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE APETx2, a toxin from the sea anemone Anthropleura elegantissima, inhibits acid‐sensing ion channel 3 (ASIC3)‐containing homo‐ and heterotrimeric channels with IC50 values < 100 nM and 0.1–2 µM respectively. ASIC3 channels mediate acute acid‐induced and inflammatory pain response and APETx2 has been used as a selective pharmacological tool in animal studies. Toxins from sea anemones also modulate voltage‐gated Na+ channel (Nav) function. Here we tested the effects of APETx2 on Nav function in sensory neurones.EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Effects of APETx2 on Nav function were studied in rat dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurones by whole‐cell patch clamp.KEY RESULTS APETx2 inhibited the tetrodotoxin (TTX)‐resistant Nav 1.8 currents of DRG neurones (IC50, 2.6 µM). TTX‐sensitive currents were less inhibited. The inhibition of Nav 1.8 currents was due to a rightward shift in the voltage dependence of activation and a reduction of the maximal macroscopic conductance. The inhibition of Nav 1.8 currents by APETx2 was confirmed with cloned channels expressed in Xenopus oocytes. In current‐clamp experiments in DRG neurones, the number of action potentials induced by injection of a current ramp was reduced by APETx2.CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS APETx2 inhibited Nav 1.8 channels, in addition to ASIC3 channels, at concentrations used in in vivo studies. The limited specificity of this toxin should be taken into account when using APETx2 as a pharmacological tool. Its dual action will be an advantage for the use of APETx2 or its derivatives as analgesic drugs.
Venous thromboembolism following gynaecological surgery for suspected or confirmed malignancy
Authors: HITOS Kerry , WAIN Gerard V. , FLETCHER John P. 
Published: September 2011

Background:  Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a serious complication following gynaecological surgery, with malignancy placing patients at an even greater risk.
Aims:  To review the incidence of VTE following gynaecological surgery for suspected or confirmed malignancy with respect to prophylactic modalities and to assess the incidence and associated risk factors for bleeding complications.
Methods:  A retrospective cohort study was undertaken between 2001 to 2006 on 1363 women undergoing surgery for suspected or confirmed gynaecological malignancy. Data on demographic details, diagnosis, radiotherapy/chemotherapy treatment, operative details, and hospital length of stay (LOS), thromboprophylaxis, in‐hospital and 3‐month readmission rates for deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and/or pulmonary embolism (PE) were collected.
Results:  Median age was 54 years (IQR 44–66) and hospital LOS 7 days (IQR 5–9). 51.6% had a new malignancy and 33.0% benign disease. All in‐hospital VTE events (0.4%; 95% CI 0.2–1.0%) occurred in women with advanced malignancy. VTE rate was 1.5% (95% CI 1.0–2.3%) at 3 months. In‐hospital and 3‐month non fatal PE occurred in 0.4% (95% CI 0.2–0.9%) and 1.1% (95% CI 0.7–1.8%) respectively, with a fatal PE rate of 0.1% (95% CI 0.04–0.5%). Malignancy (OR 10.3; 95% CI 1.3–80.6; P = 0.026) and duration of surgery (OR 2.1; 95% CI 1.4–3.2; P = 0.001) significantly increased bleeding risk.
Conclusions:  In‐hospital VTE risk is higher following gynaecological surgery for malignancy than for benign disease, despite the use of thromboprophylaxis. Given the higher non fatal PE rate after discharge and increasing trend towards shorter hospital LOS, extended prophylaxis in these patients should be considered.
Adults of European ant‐like stone beetles (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Scydmaeninae) Scydmaenus tarsatus Müller & Kunze and Scydmaenus hellwigii (Herbst) prey on soft‐bodied arthropods
Authors: JAŁOSZYŃSKI Paweł 
Published: September 2011

AbstractScydmaenine beetles are commonly described as predators specialized in capturing and feeding on armored mites of the order Oribatida, and documented cases of feeding on other live arthropods have not been known. Based on laboratory observations and a broad choice of Acari (armored and soft‐bodied) and other soil arthropods, food preferences and associated behavior of two scydmaenine species are clarified and described. Adults of Scydmaenus tarsatus ignored oribatid and mesostigmatan mites, but readily attacked and fed on a soft‐bodied Rhizoglyphus sp. (Acaridae), and on small springtails, especially on Ceratophysella denticulata (Hypogastruridae). A water drinking behavior was observed for this species, not reported previously in any Staphylinidae. Scydmaenus hellwigii ignored all tested Acari (including Rhizoglyphus) and scavenged on dead neanurine collembolans or freshly cut pieces of large springtails; a long term culture was maintained by feeding beetles with isotomid springtails. Previously reported strict specialization of Scydmaenus as a predator on Oribatida was not confirmed and it is concluded that the studied species feed on live soft‐bodied organisms and scavenge on dead arthropods.
Dementia with Lewy Bodies is associated with higher scores on the Geriatric Depression Scale than is Alzheimer's disease
Authors: YAMANE Yumiko , SAKAI Kazuo , MAEDA Kiyoshi 
Published: September 2011

AbstractBackground:  Several reports suggest a higher morbidity of depression in patients with dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) than in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, these results have not been duplicated consistently. The psychiatric symptoms of dementia, including depression, are important for its diagnosis and management. Thus, the aim of the present study was to clarify the characteristics of the depressive symptoms in DLB compared with AD using the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS).Methods:  We examined the GDS score for 86 patients with probable DLB (based on the Consensus Criteria for the clinical diagnosis of DLB) and 86 patients with probable AD (based on criteria of the National Institute for Neurological and Communicative Disorders and Stroke‐Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders Association), who were matched according to age, sex, education, and Mini‐Mental State Examination (MMSE) scores. We also examined correlations between GDS scores and age, sex, or MMSE scores in both groups. Correlations between GDS scores and metaiodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) scintigraphy were examined in patients with DLB. To characterize the GDS in DLB, its profile was examined using factor structures.Results:  Scores for DLB patients were twice as high on the GDS as those for AD patients. There was no correlation between GDS score and age, sex, or MMSE scores in either group. Furthermore, there was no correlation between the results of MIBG scintigraphy and GDS scores in the DLB group. Using factor structures, the depression symptom profile of these diseases suggested that depression‐specific symptoms, such as mood, worry, or future outlook, were more frequent in the DLB group than non‐specific symptoms, such as lack of energy, decreased concentration, or apathy.Conclusions:  The data suggest that depressive symptoms are highly specific symptoms of DLB, independent of other features of this disorder. The GDS could be used as a subsidiary tool in differentiating DLB from AD and is more useful than clinical observations of depression.
Polypharmacy increases the risk of Parkinson's disease in older people in Taiwan: A population‐based study
Authors: LAI Shih‐Wei , SU Li‐Ting , LIN Chih‐Hsueh , TSAI Chon‐Haw , SUNG Fung‐Chang , HSIEH Dennis Paul Hsientang 
Published: September 2011

AbstractBackground:  Little is known about the relationship between polypharmacy and Parkinson's disease (PD). In the present study, we tested the hypothesis that polypharmacy increases the risk of PD in older people in Taiwan.Methods:  From a randomly sampled cohort of one million health insurance enrollees, we identified 2827 new cases of PD over the period 2000–2008 aged ≥65 years and selected 11 308 age‐matched controls without PD. Medication history and baseline comorbidities were compared between the two groups. We defined ‘polypharmacy’ as an average daily use of five or more prescribed drugs.Results:  Compared with patients using between none and one drug, the odds ratios (ORs) for PD increased to 1.53, 2.08, 2.64, and 2.95 for patients using two to four, five to seven, eight to nine, and ≥10 drugs, respectively. The other conditions associated with PD were dementia (OR 3.43), stroke (OR 2.30), depression (OR 2.15), and alcoholism (OR 2.11). Hyperlipidemia (OR 0.90) was inversely associated with PD.Conclusions:  Polypharmacy was shown to increase the risk of PD in older people in Taiwan, with risk increasing with the number of medications taken daily. Dementia, stroke, depression, and alcoholism were also associated with an increased risk of PD, whereas there was an inverse correlation between PD and hyperlipidemia.
Skeletal ossification and sequence heterochrony in xenarthran evolution
Authors: Hautier Lionel , Weisbecker Vera , Goswami Anjali , Knight Frank , Kardjilov Nikolay , Asher Robert J. 
Published: September 2011

SUMMARYPrevious analyses of how mammals vary in their ossification sequences have focused on monotremes, marsupials, and boreoeutherian placentals. Here, we focus on the sequence of cranial and postcranial ossification events during growth in the xenarthran skull and skeleton, including armadillos, anteaters, and sloths. We use two different methods to quantify sequence heterochrony: sequence analysis of variance (ANOVA) and event‐paring/Parsimov. Our results indicate that Parsimov is conservative and does not detect clear heterochronic shifts between xenarthran and boreoeutherian placentals. Sequence‐ANOVA performs better, but both methods exhibit sensitivity to the artifactual accumulation of ties. By controlling for ties and taking into account results that the methods have in common, our analysis suggests that xenarthrans significantly differ from other placentals by a late ossification of the sternum and an early ossification of the phalanges and pubis. We interpret these differences as showing that heterochrony plays a role in the skeletal development of xenarthrans, a change from previous studies that have emphasized the developmental homogeneity of the skeleton across placental mammals.
MBA Program Trends and Best Practices in Teaching Sustainability: Live Project Courses
Authors: Sroufe Robert , Ramos Diane 
Published: September 2011

ABSTRACTThis study offers a model for incorporating live sustainability consulting projects in an MBA curriculum to nurture cross‐functional faculty collaboration while offering students proving ground for solving contemporary challenges related to ethical management of all forms of capital. We attempt to first lay a foundation for the recent evolution of sustainability within business schools, and then provide evidence that an opportunity exists for decision science scholars to play a key role as facilitators of this wave of pedagogy. Our research is based on publicly available data that rank business schools relative to their integration of sustainability within MBA programs, our experiences with 39 project clients over a 3‐year period, an analysis of client and student feedback, and anecdotal evidence of success in the development of live project‐based consulting courses. The case study highlights the potential and scalability of this proposed pedagogy to deliver live projects as either a stand‐alone course or an integrated part of the curriculum.
Teaching Introductory Business Statistics Using the DCOVA Framework
Authors: Levine David M. , Stephan David F. 
Published: September 2011

ABSTRACTIntroductory business statistics students often receive little guidance on how to apply the methods they learn to further business objectives they may one day face. And those students may fail to see the continuity among the topics taught in an introductory course if they learn those methods outside a context that provides a unifying framework. The DCOVA problem‐solving framework that presents discrete steps to define, collect, organize, visualize, and analyze data addresses these concerns while helping to enhance the perceived value of taking statistics courses.
The Bicycle Assembly Line Game
Authors: Klotz Dorothy 
Published: September 2011

ABSTRACT“The Bicycle Assembly Line Game” is a team‐based, in‐class activity that helps students develop a basic understanding of continuously operating processes. Each team of 7–10 students selects one of seven prefigured bicycle assembly lines to operate. The lines are run in real‐time, and the team that operates the line that yields the highest revenue wins. Students learn through discovery “What drives output rate?”; “How is capacity managed relative to market demand?”; and “Why does inventory accumulate?” Because task times are constant, the game provides a nice lead‐in to the topic of line balancing. This game has been successfully used in both undergraduate‐ and MBA‐level operations management courses.
Integrating Geographic Information Systems in Business School Curriculum: An Initial Example
Authors: King Michael A. , Arnette Andrew N. 
Published: September 2011

ABSTRACTGeographic information systems have experienced rapid growth and user adoption over the last four decades, due to an increasing value to the business community. However, business schools are not teaching geospatial concepts and the related location intelligence to their students. This curriculum decision seems completely at odds with business’ day‐to‐day dependence on a wide array of geographic information system applications. Business schools typically teach relational and object‐oriented database courses, quantitative methods, decision supports systems, and Visual Basic for Applications, which are all directly related to the basic concepts of geographic information systems. In addition, these concepts are all part of location intelligence, a more business intuitive term than geospatial analysis. Spatial data modeling is discussed and compared to standard data modeling frameworks such as ANSI/SPARC. Geographic standards are introduced, along with an overview of the OpenGIS Simple Features Specification for SQL. A discussion of how to utilize MySQL open source database software for spatial queries is included, along with a comparison to PostgreSQL/PostGIS. Through the use of these software programs and the techniques introduced in this article, it is possible to integrate the concepts of location intelligence into business curriculum without requiring students to learn new GIS‐specific programs. Enhancing student knowledge of this subject area through existing skill sets provides for smoother integration of this material into existing curriculum, as these topics could be added into established courses and would not require new courses to be developed.
An Analysis of the Demand for Earthquake Insurance
Authors: Athavale Manoj , Avila Stephen M. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThis research examines the decision to purchase earthquake insurance by analyzing data on earthquake insurance price and penetration in the New Madrid fault zone in Missouri. Earthquake risk is of concern to consumers, the insurance industry, industry regulators, and government agencies because of the potentially catastrophic nature of losses resulting from a major earthquake. Despite the significance of the earthquake peril, the recent literature does not contain estimates of the price and income elasticity of the demand for earthquake insurance. Our analysis indicates that homeowners acquire earthquake insurance because of risk considerations, at higher levels of risk the demand for earthquake insurance is higher, and the price of earthquake coverage does not provide incremental information in explaining the demand for earthquake coverage.
Chronotropic Incompetence and Abnormal Heart Rate Recovery Early after Left Ventricular Assist Device Implantation
Authors: DIMOPOULOS STAVROS , DIAKOS NIKOLAOS , TSELIOU ELENI , TASOULIS ATHANASIOS , MPOUCHLA ANTHI , MANETOS CHRISTOS , KATSAROS LAMBROS , DRAKOS STAVROS , TERROVITIS JOHN , NANAS SERAFIM 
Published: September 2011

Background: Chronotropic response to exercise and heart rate recovery immediately after exercise (HRR1) are valid prognostic markers in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF). The aim of this study was to evaluate heart rate profile during and after exercise in CHF patients early after left ventricular assist device (LVAD) implantation.
Methods: We enrolled seven stable consecutive CHF patients (five males, mean age: 45 ± 16 years) after 1 month of LVAD (HeartMate II; Thoratec Corp, Pleasanton, CA, USA) implantation, seven healthy subjects, and 14 patients with advanced HF (HF control group) who performed an incremental symptom‐limited cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET). CHF patients performed CPET at 1 and 3 months after LVAD. HRR1 was defined as the HR difference from peak to 1 minute after exercise and chronotropic response to exercise as the chronotropic reserve ([CR, %]=[peak HR‐resting HR/220‐age‐resting HR]× 100).
Results: LVAD patients 3 months after implantation had a significantly different HR profile during exercise compared to healthy controls, with significantly lower CR (57 ± 31 vs 90 ± 14, %, P < 0.001) and HRR1 (14 ± 6 vs 28 ± 8, bpm, P < 0.01). HR profile during exercise did not significantly change 1 and 3 months after LVAD implantation. There was no statistical difference compared to HF control group and LVAD group regarding cardiopulmonary parameters.
Conclusions: LVAD patients present an impaired CR and an abnormal HRR1 after implantation, indicating significant cardiac autonomic abnormalities. These alterations seem to remain unaltered 3 months after LVAD implantation. (PACE 2011; 34:1607–1614)