bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of Nurses' Perceptions of Government Policies and COVID‐19 Risks on Their Mental Health Status: A Web‐Based Cross‐Sectional Study
Authors: Xie Yao Jie , Hao Chun , Tian Longben , Yan Linjia , Liao Xiaoli , Wang Harry Haoxiang , Gao Yang , Zhang Dexing , Liu Zhao‐min , Cheng Huilin , Ngai Fei Wan 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACTThis study aimed to understand nurses' perceptions of COVID‐19‐related policies and risks during the outbreak of COVID‐19 in Hong Kong and to determine how their perceptions influenced their mental health status. A web‐based online survey among Hong Kong nurses was conducted. The questionnaire included a self‐designed 5‐point Likert scale with 17 items to assess the nurses' perceptions of COVID‐19‐related policies and risks, as well as the Davidson Trauma Scale (DTS), the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), the Patient Health Questionnaire‐2 (PHQ‐2) and the Generalised Anxiety Disorder scale (GAD) for measurement of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), stress, depression and anxiety, respectively. Of 592 nurses enrolled, 30.6% had PTSD (DTS total score ≥40), and 80.4%, 19.9% and 16.4% had moderate‐to‐high levels of stress (PSS‐10 score ≥14), depression (PHQ‐2 score ≥3) and anxiety (GAD score ≥3), respectively. The top three concerned aspects were ‘worried about themselves and friends to suffer this disease’ (84.5%), ‘insufficient number of isolation wards’ (81.8%) and ‘insufficient number of personal protective equipment’ (74.3%). Logistic regression analyses showed that more negative perception on ‘personal protective equipment in the healthcare institutions’, ‘the confidence in HK's control of COVID‐19’, ‘worried about themselves and friends to suffer this disease’ and ‘self‐perceived risk of infection’ indicated higher severity of the four mental health problems (all p < 0.01). The perception on ‘public gathering ban’, ‘the number of isolation wards’ and ‘expected time to control COVID‐19’ were significantly associated with PTSD and stress (all p < 0.05). Nurses' perception on government policies and COVID‐19 risks played an important role in predicting their mental health status. Policy makers should be aware of nurses' psychological responses and provide timely and targeted emotional support to nurses amid and after the COVID‐19 pandemic.
Mary Warnock and ‘Public Philosophy’
Authors: Archard David 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACTThis article responds to the familiar characterisation of Mary Warnock as someone whose major achievements as a public intellectual, such as the Report on human fertilisation and embryology, were at the expense of philosophical rigour and integrity. I explicate her lifelong commitment to practical morality, and her understanding of ethics and of the role of feelings in moral judgments, before analysing her important distinction between the private and public moral attitude. ‘Public philosophy’ is what she believes is necessary for those seeking to make a difference in the world of law and policy. I highlight the importance for her of securing ‘acceptable’ legal outcomes, especially on issues of bioscientific development which are the subject of irreconcilable moral disagreements. I compare her distinction with others and contrast its use with relevant writing by John Rawls and Thomas Nagel. Finally, I defend her against misjudged criticism from her philosophical contemporaries, most notably Richard Hare.
The prospective associations between autonomy support, basic psychological needs, motivation and well‐being among people with a mild to borderline intellectual disability: a two‐wave study
Authors: Frielink N. , Schuengel C. , van der Ven S. H. G. , Embregts P. J. C. M. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundThis study, grounded in self‐determination theory, examined how satisfaction of the needs for autonomy, relatedness and competence in people with mild to borderline intellectual disability (MBID) changed over a 4.5‐year period. Additionally, it explored the association between life events across various domains (i.e. health, support and living situation, crime, relationships and freedom and finance) and these changes and explored the prospective associations between these needs, perceptions of support from direct support staff and the well‐being and ill‐being of people with MBID.MethodsBased on a sample of 117 adults with MBID, multiple regression analyses were conducted to determine correlations between constructs at both time points and the impact of autonomy support on need satisfaction and motivation, taking into account life events.ResultsThe analyses showed that, at both time points, most constructs were statistically significantly correlated and remained so despite a time lag of 4.5 years. Autonomy support emerged as a significant positive predictor, of medium size, for satisfying autonomy and relatedness needs. Its association with competence need satisfaction was not statistically significant after Bonferroni correction. For type of motivation, autonomy support statistically predicted increased autonomous motivation, irrespective of life events.ConclusionsFindings underline the potential of autonomy supportive direct support in the lives of individuals with MBID. Some unexpected null findings underscore the need for further study into the interplay between autonomy support, life events and the well‐being of people with MBID.
Symptom clusters and their impacts on the quality of life of patients with lung cancer receiving immunotherapy: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Yang Xuying , Bai Jingcui , Zhang Jinhuang , Wang Yanli , Zhao Huanping , Zhu Xuehua 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAimThe objective of this study was to identify symptom clusters in lung cancer patients receiving immunotherapy and explore their impact on the quality of life of patients.BackgroundImmunotherapy is widely used in lung cancer; however, there is little understanding of symptom clusters and their impacts on the quality of life of this population.DesignCross‐sectional study.MethodsThe survey contained the Memorial Symptom Assessment Scale (MSAS), Quality of Life Questionnaire‐Lung Cancer 43 and a self‐designed General Information Evaluation Form. Symptom clusters were identified using exploratory factor analysis (EFA) based on the symptom scores. Spearman correlation analysis was performed to evaluate the associations between each symptom cluster and the patients' quality of life. Multiple linear regression analysis was employed to examine the impact of the symptom clusters on quality of life. This study adhered to the STROBE guidelines.ResultsIn total, 240 participants completed the survey. Five symptom clusters were identified and named according to their characteristics: emotional‐related symptom cluster, lung cancer‐related symptom cluster, physical symptom cluster, skin symptom cluster and neural symptom cluster. All symptom clusters, except for the neural symptom cluster, had a significantly detrimental impact on patient quality of life.ConclusionLung cancer patients undergoing immunotherapy experience a range of symptoms, which can be categorized into five clusters. These symptom clusters have a negative impact on patients' quality of life. Future research should focus on developing interventions for each symptom cluster and their influencing factors.Patient or Public ContributionIn the data collection phase, lung cancer patients undergoing immunotherapy were recruited to participate in the survey.
Optimizing the Time and Dose of Melatonin as a Sleep‐Promoting Drug: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials and Dose−Response Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Cruz‐Sanabria Francy , Bruno Simone , Crippa Alessio , Frumento Paolo , Scarselli Marco , Skene Debra J. , Faraguna Ugo 
Published: June 2024

AbstractPrevious studies have reported inconsistent results about exogenous melatonin's sleep‐promoting effects. A possible explanation relies on the heterogeneity in administration schedule and dose, which might be accountable for differences in treatment efficacy. In this paper, we undertook a systematic review and meta‐analysis of double‐blind, randomized controlled trials performed on patients with insomnia and healthy volunteers, evaluating the effect of melatonin administration on sleep‐related parameters. The standardized mean difference between treatment and placebo groups in terms of sleep onset latency and total sleep time were used as outcomes. Dose−response and meta‐regression models were estimated to explore how time of administration, dose, and other treatment‐related parameters might affect exogenous melatonin's efficacy. We included 26 randomized controlled trials published between 1987 and 2020, for a total of 1689 observations. Dose−response meta‐analysis showed that melatonin gradually reduces sleep onset latency and increases total sleep time, peaking at 4 mg/day. Meta‐regression models showed that insomnia status (β = 0.50, p < 0.001) and time between treatment administration and the sleep episode (β = −0.16, p = 0.023) were significant predictors of sleep onset latency, while the time of day (β = −0.086, p < 0.01) was the only significant predictor of total sleep time. Our results suggest that advancing the timing of administration (3 h before the desired bedtime) and increasing the administered dose (4 mg/day), as compared to the exogenous melatonin schedule most used in clinical practice (2 mg 30 min before the desired bedtime), might optimize the efficacy of exogenous melatonin in promoting sleep.
Periodontitis is associated with impaired olfactory function: A clinical study
Authors: Schertel Cassiano Luisa , Jensen Anne Birkeholm , Pajaniaye Julie , Lopez Rodrigo , Fjaeldstad Alexander Wieck , Nascimento Gustavo G. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAimTo explore the association between periodontitis and olfactory disorders.MethodsClinical data were collected from 198 individuals between the ages of 18 and 60 years living in Denmark. The exposure was periodontitis, and the outcome was olfactory function (Threshold, Discrimination, Identification – TDI score), both measured clinically. Covariates included sex, age, education level, income, usage of nasal spray, tongue coating, halitosis, xerostomia, smoking, and history of COVID‐19. Structural equation modeling was used to estimate the association between periodontitis and olfactory function. Periodontitis was defined using the AAP/EFP classification and dichotomized into “no” (healthy subjects) and “yes” (Stages I, II, and III). Olfactory function was treated as a one‐factor latent variable, including the different olfactory scores. In addition, extra models were performed considering each olfactory component as a separate outcome and the TDI Global Score.ResultsThe results showed that periodontitis was associated with a lower olfactory function [standardized coefficient (SC) −0.264, 95% CI −0.401, −0.118]. Additionally, periodontitis was also associated with a lower olfactory Threshold (odorant concentration required for detection) (SC −0.207, 95% CI −0.325, −0.089), Discrimination (ability to discriminate between odorants) (SC −0.149, 95% CI −0.270, −0.027), Identification (ability to identify odorants) scores (SC −0.161, 95% CI −0.277, −0.045), and TDI Global Score (SC −0.234, 95% CI −0.370, −0.099).ConclusionsThis study suggests that periodontitis is associated with olfactory impairment.
How long does the biological effect of a red light‐emitting diode last on adipose‐derived mesenchymal stem cells?
Authors: da Rocha Vitor Pocani , Mansano Barbara Sampaio Dias Martins , dos Santos Carolina Fernanda Chaves , Teixeira Ighor Luiz Azevedo , de Oliveira Helenita Antonia , Vieira Stella Sousa , Antonio Ednei Luiz , Izar Maria Cristina de Oliveira , Fonseca Francisco Antonio Helfenstein , Serra Andrey Jorge 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis research investigated the duration of the influence of red light‐emitting diodes (LED, 630 nm; output power: 2452.5 mW; laser beam: 163.5 cm2; irradiance: 15 mW/cm2; radiant exposure: 4 J/cm2) on different periods after irradiation (6, 12, 24, 48, and 72 h) on adipose‐derived mesenchymal stem cells' (AdMSCs) metabolism and paracrine factors. AdMSCs were irradiated three times every 48 h. Twenty‐four hours after the last irradiation, there was a higher MTT absorbance, followed by a decrease after 48 h. The cells' secretome showed increased levels of IL‐6 and VEGF after 12 and 24 h, but this was reversed after 48 h. Additionally, LED irradiation resulted in higher levels of nitrite and did not affect oxidative stress markers. LED irradiation had significant effects on AdMSCs after 24 h compared to other groups and its control group.
Biochemical analysis of three red grapevine varieties during three phenological periods grown under Mediterranean climate conditions
Authors: Monteiro A. , Pereira S. , Bernardo S. , Gómez‐Cadenas A. , Moutinho‐Pereira J. , Dinis L.‐T. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

In Mediterranean regions, severe summers are becoming more common, leading to restrictions to vine productivity and yield quality, requiring sustainable practices to support this sector. We assessed the behaviour of three red grapevine varieties from the Douro Region to examine their tolerance to summer climate stress from the perspective that the less common varieties may have potential for increased use in a climate change scenario.

Leaf and fruit biochemical profile, antioxidant activity and fruit colorimetric parameters were assessed at different phenological stages in Aragonez (AR), Tinto Cão (TC) and Touriga Nacional (TN) grape varieties.

All three varieties exhibit significant variability in phenological timing, influenced by genetic and environmental factors. Photosynthetic pigment strategies differed among varieties. Chlorophyll content in AR was high to cope with high radiation, while TN displaying a balanced approach, and TC had lower pigment levels, with higher levels of phenolics, antioxidants, and soluble sugars, particularly during stress. The variations in berry biochemical profile highlight the distinct characteristics of the varieties. TC and TN show potential for coping with climate change, having elevated total acidity, while AR has larger and heavier berries with distinct coloration.

These findings reinforce the need to study the behaviour of different varieties in each Terroir, to understand their diverse strategies to deal with summer climate stress. This will help in selecting the most suitable variety for these conditions under vineyard management in the Douro Region
Soft‐Tissue Vibrations and Fatigue During Prolonged Running: Does an Individualized Midsole Hardness Play a Role?
Authors: Play Marie‐Caroline , Giandolini Marlène , Perrin Titouan P. , Metra Mélanie , Feasson Léonard , Rossi Jérémy , Millet Guillaume Y. 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACTFootwear has the potential to reduce soft‐tissue vibrations (STV) but responses are highly subject‐specific. Recent evidence shows that compressive garments minimizing STV have a beneficial effect on neuromuscular (NM) fatigue. The aim was to determine whether an individualized midsole hardness can minimize STV and NM fatigue during a half marathon. Twenty experienced runners were recruited for three visits: a familiarization session including the identification of midsole minimizing and maximizing STV amplitude (MIN and MAX, respectively), and two half marathon sessions at 95% of speed at the second ventilatory threshold. STV of the gastrocnemius medialis (GM) muscle, running kinetics, foot strike pattern, rating perceived exhaustion (RPE), and midsole liking were recorded every 3 km. NM fatigue was assessed on plantar flexors (PF) before (PRE) and after (POST) the half marathon. At POST, PF central and peripheral alterations and changes in contact time, step frequency, STV median frequency, and impact force frequency as well as foot strike pattern were found in both MIN and MAX. No significant differences in damping, STV main frequency, flight time, duty factor, and loading rate were observed between conditions whatever the time period. During the half marathon, STV amplitude of GM significantly increased over time for the MAX condition (+13.3%) only. Differences between MIN and MAX were identified for RPE and midsole liking. It could be hypothesized that, while significant, the effect of midsole hardness on STV is too low to substantially affect NM fatigue.
Understanding asexuality: A sociological review
Authors: Winer Canton 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAsexuality, a sexual identity that refers to those who experience low/no sexual attraction, has garnered increasing attention in recent years, yet its sociological exploration remains relatively nascent. This review article examines the burgeoning interdisciplinary field of asexuality studies through a sociological lens, examining asexual studies' conceptualizations, theoretical frameworks, and empirical contributions. First, I review how asexuality is defined and conceptualized in existing literature, highlighting diverse understandings and complexities surrounding this sexual orientation. I analyze the various conceptualizations of asexuality, ranging from the absence of sexual attraction to conceptualizations that emphasize the fluidity and spectrum of asexual identities. Next, I identify the subfields in sociology where asexuality studies is making or has the potential to make theoretical and empirical interventions. I examine how asexuality intersects with broader sociological themes such as gender, sexuality, identity, the family, intimacy, relationships, stigma, and community. Drawing on existing research, I examine how asexuality challenges normative assumptions about sexuality and how it contributes to ongoing conversations within sociology. Finally, I offer recommendations for how sociologists can approach the study of asexuality. I advocate for interdisciplinary collaboration, methodological pluralism, and intersectional analyses to capture the complexity and diversity of asexual experiences. Moreover, I emphasize the importance of centering asexual voices and perspectives in research, while also acknowledging the ethical considerations and challenges inherent in studying a marginalized and often misunderstood sexual orientation. Overall, this review provides a scoping overview of the sociology of asexuality, offering insights into its conceptualizations, theoretical implications, and avenues for future research.
Thermal history of the Epiligurian Marzabotto wedge‐top basin records the tectonic development of the Northern Apennines (Italy)
Authors: Stendardi F. , Vignaroli G. , Carrapa B. , Albino I. , Viola G. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractApatite fission track (AFT) and U‐Th/He analyses (AHe) of detrital minerals from Eocene to Pliocene siliciclastic deposits in the Northern Apennines were here applied to constrain the tectono‐thermal history of the wedge‐top Epiligurian Marzabotto Basin (EMB). Detrital AFT age populations from Eocene to Miocene strata cluster between ~71 and ~58 Ma. AHe ages show a quite variable single grain age distribution ranging from ~104 to ~7 Ma indicating some degree of post‐depositional thermal resetting. Thermal modelling of AFT and AHe data indicates that the EMB experienced a maximum temperature of ~90° prior to Oligocene‐to‐Pliocene cooling. We interpret the Oligocene‐Early Miocene cooling signal to represent rock uplift associated with growth of the Apennines orogenic wedge and the late Miocene‐Quaternary cooling to track frontal accretion in the orogenic wedge concomitant with rollback‐driven extension.
Unilateral hindlimb ischaemia‐induced systemic inflammation is associated with non‐ischaemic skeletal muscle inflammation
Authors: Evans William S. , Pena Gabriel S. , Gelman Beata , Kuzmiak‐Glancy Sarah , Prior Steven J. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractSkeletal muscle atrophy and dysfunction commonly accompany cardiovascular diseases such as peripheral arterial disease and may be partially attributable to systemic inflammation. We sought to determine whether acute systemic inflammation in a model of hindlimb ischaemia (HLI) could affect skeletal muscle macrophage infiltration, fibre size, or capillarization, independent of the ischaemia. Eight‐week‐old C57BL/6 male mice underwent either Sham or HLI surgery, and were killed 1, 3, or 7 days post‐surgery. Circulating inflammatory cytokine concentrations were measured, as well as immune cell infiltration and morphology of skeletal muscle from both limbs of HLI and Sham mice. In HLI compared with Sham mice at day 1, plasma interleukin‐1β levels were 216% higher (0.48 ± 0.10 vs. 0.15 ± 0.01 pg/μL, P = 0.005) and decreased by day 3. This was followed by increased macrophage presence in muscle from both ischaemic and non‐ischaemic limbs of HLI mice by day 7 (7.3‐ and 2.3‐fold greater than Sham, respectively, P < 0.0001). In HLI mice, muscle from the ischaemic limb had 21% lower fibre cross‐sectional area than the non‐ischaemic limb (724 ± 28 vs. 916 ± 46 μm2, P = 0.01), but the non‐ischaemic limb of HLI mice was no different from Sham. This shows that HLI induces acute systemic inflammation accompanied by immune infiltration in both ischaemic and remote skeletal muscle; however, this did not induce skeletal muscle atrophy in remote muscle within the 7‐day time course of this study. This effect of local skeletal muscle ischaemia on the inflammatory status of remote skeletal muscle may signal a priming of muscle for subsequent atrophy over a longer time course.Highlights
What is the central question of this study?Does hindlimb ischaemia‐induced inflammation cause acute immune, inflammatory and morphological alterations in remote non‐ischaemic skeletal muscle?
What is the main finding and its importance?Hindlimb ischaemia induced systemic inflammation with subsequent neutrophil and macrophage infiltration in both ischaemic and non‐ischaemic skeletal muscle; however, morphological changes did not occur in non‐ischaemic muscle within 7 days. These immune alterations may have functional implications that take longer than 7 days to manifest, and subsequent or prolonged systemic inflammation and immune infiltration of muscle could lead to morphological changes and functional decline.
Local Entropy Generation Analysis of the Counter-Flow Dew-Point Evaporative Coolers
Authors: Yang Cheng , Chen Haonan , Miyazaki Takahiko , Kim Young-Deuk , Khargotra Rohit , Thu Kyaw 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
A comfortable indoor working circumstance can be accomplished by a ventilation and air conditioning system. There are several factors influencing the quality of indoor air, with the insufficiency of ventilation accounting for over 50% of the overall considerations. While traditional air conditioner is able to fulfill the needs of ventilation and indoor temperature control, low-efficiency and high energy consumption no longer align with the current sustainable and energy-efficiency goals. Thus, the development of energy-saving and high-efficiency air conditioning systems is crucial for realizing green and efficient building practices. Evaporative cooling technology, specifically dew-point evaporative cooling, has garnered extensive attention as an efficient cooling method and a candidate for environmentally friendly and high-performance alternatives to traditional air conditioning systems. This article investigates the thermodynamic losses involved in a dew-point evaporative cooling system using the counter-flow design. Detailed mathematical models for the evaporative cooler along with the entropy generation in the channels are developed. The model facilitates calculations of (1) the entropy generation distribution in different layers within the system and (2) the entropy generation of each layer and the whole system under various input conditions. Approaching the system from the second law of thermodynamics perspective, this model serves as a guide for selecting the optimal operating conditions, thus promoting the widespread application and commercialization of dew-point evaporative cooling systems with the counter-flow structure.