bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Interaction between genetic variants ofDLGAP3andSLC1A1Affecting the Risk of Atypical Antipsychotics‐Induced Obsessive–Compulsive Symptoms
Authors: Ryu Seunghyong , Oh Sohee , Cho Eun‐Young , Nam Hee Jung , Yoo Jae Hyun , Park Taesung , Joo Yeon Ho , Kwon Jun Soo , Hong Kyung Sue 
Published: October 2011

AbstractAdverse effects of atypical antipsychotics (AAP) can include obsessive–compulsive (OC) symptoms. Based on biological evidence of the relationship between the glutamatergic system and both OC disorder and AAP, this study aimed to determine whetherDLGAP3, coding a post‐synaptic scaffolding protein of glutamatergic synapses, is associated with AAP‐induced OC symptoms. Furthermore, we explored the interactions betweenDLGAP3and a previously reported susceptibility gene, the glutamate transporter geneSLC1A1, regarding this phenotype. Subjects were clinically stable schizophrenia patients receiving AAP treatment (n = 94), and they comprised an OC group (n = 40) and a non‐OC group (n = 54) (patients with and without AAP‐induced OC symptoms, respectively). We performed allelic/genotypic/haplotype association analyses for seven tag single‐nucleotide polymorphisms ofDLGAP3and gene–gene interaction analyses with rs2228622 ofSLC1A1, observing a nominally significant association between AAP‐induced OC symptoms and rs7525948 in both simple chi‐square tests and the regression analyses (nominalP < 0.05). In the logistic regression analysis of gene–gene interaction, we found a significant interaction effect of rs7525948 ofDLGAP3and rs2228622 ofSLC1A1(permutationP = 0.036) on AAP‐induced OC symptoms, with a 30.2 times higher odds for individuals carrying risk genotypes at both loci in comparison with the reference group, which had no risk genotypes. This study provides suggestive evidence thatDLGAP3and its interactive effect withSLC1A1might be involved in susceptibility to developing OC symptoms in schizophrenia patients receiving AAP treatment. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Synthesis and characterization of reactive macroporous poly(glycidyl methacrylate‐triallyl isocyanurate‐ethylene glycol dimethacrylate) microspheres by suspension polymerization: Effect of synthesis variables on surface area and porosity
Authors: Rahman Ata ur , Iqbal Mahmood , Rahman Faiz ur , Fu Dayan , Yaseen Muhammad , Lv Yongqin , Omer Muhammad , Garver Michael , Yang Li , Tan Tianwei 
Published: October 2011

AbstractA novel macroporous poly(glycidyl methacrylate‐triallyl isocyanurate‐ethyleneglycol dimethacrylate) copolymer, hereinafter PGMA‐TAIC‐EGDMA, of controlled bead size was prepared via free radical suspension copolymerization. The effects of varying the concentration of crosslinking agents and porogenic diluent on the average pore diameter, pore size distributions, specific surface area, and pore volume of the copolymer matrix were thoroughly investigated. The spherical beads were characterized by elemental analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and thermogravimetric analysis. The specific pore volume, average pore diameter, pore size distribution, and the specific surface area were measured by Mercury intrusion porosimetry and BET adsorption method, respectively. The porous properties of the polymer matrix are a direct consequence of the amount and quality of the porogenic solvent, the percentage of crosslinking monomers, and the ratio between the monomers and porogen phases. When the polymer was prepared at 30 and 40% crosslinking density, and 75 and 100% diluents, respectively, it showed a fine beads morphology, mechanical stability and pore size distributions. By comparing the copolymers PGMA‐TAIC‐EGDMA and PGMA‐EGDMA, it was found that the former is more stable both thermally and mechanically than its predecessor. The presence of epoxide functionalities of macroporous PGMA‐TAIC‐EGDMA beads makes it a versatile carrier. The resulting polymers have the potential for wide applications. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012
Adhesion behavior of natural rubber‐based adhesives crosslinked by benzoyl peroxide
Authors: Poh B. T. , Cheong S. K. 
Published: October 2011

AbstractThe loop tack, peel, and shear strength of crosslinked natural rubber adhesive were studied using coumarone‐indene and toluene as the tackifying resin and solvent, respectively. The concentration of benzoyl peroxide‐the crosslinking agent—was varied from 1 to 4 parts per hundred parts of rubber (phr). A SHEEN hand coater was used to coat the adhesive on the polyethylene terephthalate substrate at various coating thickness. Loop tack, peel, and shear strength were measured by a Llyod adhesion tester operating at 30 cm min−1. Result shows that loop tack and peel strength of the adhesive increases up to 2 phr of benzoyl peroxide concentration after which it decreases with further benzoyl peroxide content. This observation is attributed to the optimum crosslinking of natural rubber where optimum cohesive and adhesive strength occurs at 2 phr peroxide loading. However, for the shear strength, it increases with increasing benzoyl peroxide concentration where higher rate of increase is observed after 2 phr of peroxide content, an observation which is associated to the steady increase in cohesive strength of crosslinked rubber. In all cases, the adhesion properties of adhesives increase with increase in coating thickness. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012
Study on photoaging of poly(p‐phenylene benzobisoxazole) fiber
Authors: Song Bo , Fu Qian , Ying Linghui , Liu Xiaoyun , Zhuang Qixin , Han Zhewen 
Published: October 2011

AbstractAs a kind of rig‐rod‐like polymer, poly(p‐phenylene benzobisoxazole) (PBO) has received great interest because of its excellent mechanical properties and good thermal stability. The use of PBO fibers, however, is limited due to its low sunlight stability. In this work, the photoaging of PBO fibers, as well as the effects of oxygen and moisture on their photoaging, is investigated by tensile strength measurements, infrared spectroscopy, molecular mass determination, and scanning electron microscopy. It is first time to find that the photoaging of PBO fibers includes two development stages. The physical aging is the dominate factor at the first stage of photoaging relative to the second stage, in which the chemical aging is the dominate factor. In the first degradation stage, long defects appear and develop parallel to the fiber axis. Little chemical change occurs in this stage. In the second degradation stage, the molecular mass of PBO decreases and chemical degradation occurs. Oxygen accelerates the occurrence of chemical degradation. It is also found PBO fibers are more stable for photoaging when moisture and oxygen are isolated. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012
Impact of interactions of cigarette smoking with NAT2 polymorphisms on rheumatoid arthritis risk in African Americans
Authors: Mikuls Ted R. , LeVan Tricia , Gould Karen A. , Yu Fang , Thiele Geoffrey M. , Bynote Kimberly K. , Conn Doyt , Jonas Beth L. , Callahan Leigh F. , Smith Edwin , Brasington Richard , Moreland Larry W. , Reynolds Richard , Gaffo Angelo , Bridges S. Louis 
Published: October 2011

AbstractObjectiveTo examine whether polymorphisms in genes coding for drug‐metabolizing enzymes (DMEs) have an impact on rheumatoid arthritis (RA) risk due to cigarette smoking in African Americans.MethodsSmoking status was evaluated in African American patients with RA compared with non‐RA controls, with smoking exposure categorized as heavy smoker (≥10 pack‐years) versus never smoker/<10 pack‐years. Individuals were genotyped for a homozygous deletion polymorphism in the M1 gene loci of glutathione S‐transferase (GSTM1‐null) in addition to tagging single‐nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in N‐acetyltransferase 1 (NAT1), NAT2, and epoxide hydrolase 1 (EPXH1). Associations of these genotypes with RA risk were examined using logistic regression, and gene–smoking interactions were assessed.ResultsThere were no significant associations of any DME genotype with RA. After adjustment for multiple comparisons, there were significant additive interactions between heavy smoking and the NAT2 SNPs rs9987109 (Padditive = 0.000003) and rs1208 (Padditive = 0.00001); the attributable proportion due to interaction ranged from 0.61 to 0.67. None of the multiplicative gene–smoking interactions examined remained significant with regard to overall disease risk, after adjustment for multiple testing. There was no evidence of significant gene–smoking interactions in analyses of GSTM1‐null, NAT1, or EPXH1. DME gene–smoking interactions were similar when cases were limited to those patients who were positive for anti–citrullinated protein antibodies.ConclusionAmong African Americans, RA risk imposed by heavy smoking appears to be mediated in part by genetic variation in NAT2. While further studies are needed to elucidate the mechanisms underpinning these interactions, these SNPs appear to identify African American smokers at a much higher risk for RA, in whom the relative risk is at least 2‐fold higher when compared to nonsmokers lacking these risk alleles.
Chitosan‐Functionalized Carbon Nanotubes as Support for the High Dispersion of PtRu Nanoparticles and their Electrocatalytic Oxidation of Methanol
Authors: Wu Bohua , Zhang Yunsong , Kuang Yinjie , Yu Yaming , Zhang Xiaohua , Chen Jinhua 
Published: October 2011

AbstractCarbon nanotubes (CNTs) were non‐covalently functionalized with chitosan (Chit) and then employed as the support for PtRu nanoparticles. The functionalization was carried out at room temperature without the use of corrosive acids, thereby preserving the integrity and the electronic conductivity of the CNTs. Transmission electron microscopy reveals that PtRu nanoparticles were highly dispersed on the surface of Chit‐functionalized CNTs (CNT‐Chit) with small particle‐size. Cyclic voltammetry studies indicated that the PtRu nanoparticle/CNT‐Chit nanohybrids have a higher electrochemical surface area, electrocatalytic performance, and stability towards methanol oxidation compared to PtRu nanoparticles supported on the pristine CNTs.
High‐throughput analysis of intraclonal variability of glycoprotein sialylation
Authors: Markely Lam Raga A. , Wang Daniel I. C. 
Published: October 2011

AbstractDevelopment of recombinant Chinese Hamster Ovary (CHO) cells producing therapeutic proteins requires analyzing the quality, such as sialic acid content, of proteins produced by many cell clones. In order to perform these analyses, high‐throughput methods are required. Conventional methods for quantifying sialic acid, however, require protein purification, which is time consuming and cannot be used for high‐throughput analysis. Here we used a high‐throughput method (HTM) that we recently developed to analyze the intraclonal variability of 24 CHO cell subclones. The sialic acid content varied significantly from 1 to 70 mg sialic acid/g protein, and the concentration of total proteins secreted by the cells varied from 41 to 214 mg/L. In addition, the sialic acid content was negatively correlated with total protein concentration. This trend agrees with previous theoretical and experimental studies. Overall, the HTM can finish these analyses in 15 minutes, while conventional methods used in previous studies will require at least 24 days. Thus, the HTM can significantly accelerate the analyses of clonal and intraclonal variability in cell line development © 2011 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Biotechnol. Prog., 2012
A simple percutaneous technique for hemostasis and closure after transcatheter aortic valve implantation
Authors: Badawi Ramy A. , Collins Tyrone J. , Ramee Stephen R. 
Published: October 2011

AbstractAccess closure is a key element to successful retrograde percutaneous transfemoral transcatheter aortic valve implantation. It requires large‐bore femoral arterial access (18Fr–28Fr) which most operators manage with surgical access and closure under general anesthesia. We report a case example of how, using our center's peripheral interventional experience, we have developed a simple five step technique to achieve hemostasis percutaneously. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
HIWI is associated with prognosis in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma after curative resection
Authors: Zhao Yi‐Ming , Zhou Jia‐Min , Wang Long‐Rong , He Hong‐Wei , Wang Xi‐Long , Tao Zhong‐Hua , Sun Hui‐Chuan , Wu Wei‐Zhong , Fan Jia , Tang Zhao‐You , Wang Lu 
Published: October 2011

AbstractBACKGROUND:PIWI protein family was found to play an important role in stem cell self‐renewal. Overexpression of HIWI, the human homolog of PIWI family proteins, was found in several solid tumors, although the role of HIWI in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and its prognostic value remain unclear.METHODS:HIWI expression was measured in stepwise metastatic HCC cell lines (HCCLM3, MHCC97H, MHCC97L, SMMC7721, and HepG2), the normal liver cell line (L02), and HCC tissue samples (n = 20). Proliferation and invasion were investigated in HCC cell lines undergoing HIWI target small interfering RNA transfection. Also explored was HIWI expression in HCC tissue microarrays (n = 168) for survival analysis.RESULTS:Levels of HIWI protein and mRNA were up‐regulated in highly metastatic HCC cell lines (HCCLM3, MHCC97H, and MHCC97L), whereas their proliferation and invasion significantly decreased after depletion of HIWI. Intratumoral HIWI expression was higher than that of peritumoral tissue (P < .001) and positively associated with proliferating cell nuclear antigen expression (P < .001). Positive expression of intratumoral HIWI was associated with larger tumor size (P = .047) and intrahepatic metastasis (P = .027) and was an independent risk factor for overall survival (P = .007) and recurrence‐free survival (P = .036), particularly in patients with low serum α‐fetoprotein and low Edmondson‐Steiner grade.CONCLUSIONS:HIWI may play a key role in HCC proliferation and metastasis and can be a potential prognostic factor for HCC after curative resection, particularly with well‐differentiated HCC. Cancer 2011. © 2011 American Cancer Society.
Change in treatment strategy for intracranial germinoma: Long‐term follow‐up experience at a single institute
Authors: Chen Yi‐Wei , Huang Pin‐I , Ho Donald Ming‐Tak , Hu Yu‐Wen , Chang Kai‐Ping , Chiou Shih‐Hwa , Guo Wan‐Yuo , Chang Feng‐Chi , Liang Muh‐Lii , Lee Yi‐Yen , Chen Hsin‐Hung , Hsu Ting‐Rong , Lin Shih‐Chieh , Wong Tai‐Tong , Yen Sang‐Hue 
Published: October 2011

AbstractBACKGROUND:Previous intracranial germinoma (IG) studies have investigated the effect of different radiotherapy (RT) volumes and the necessity for adjunctive chemotherapy, but there is currently no consensus on the best treatment for this tumor.METHODS:From January 1989 to December 2009, 80 IG patients (≤20 years old) were treated with various RT regimens. Of them, 14 patients had craniospinal irradiation (CSI) + primary boost (PB); 8 patients had whole‐brain irradiation (WBI) + PB; 31 patients had whole ventricular irradiation (WVI) + PB; and 27 patients had focal RT only. Twenty‐nine patients (36.2%) also received systemic chemotherapy (CHT). Survival was estimated by the Kaplan‐Meier method and variables affecting survival were analyzed by the Cox proportional hazard model.RESULTS:Eleven patients (13.8%) developed local recurrence or dissemination after treatment, and 10 of these patients were in the focal RT group. The 5‐year relapse‐free survival (RFS) for the CSI, WBI, WVI, and focal RT patients were 100%, 85.7%, 100%, and 84.6%, respectively (P = .001). The 5‐year overall survival (OS) for CSI, WBI, WVI, and focal RT patients was 100%, 83.3%, 100%, and 87.9%, respectively (P = .125). Focal irradiation (P = .02) and initial use of CHT (P = .021) were negatively associated with RFS.CONCLUSIONS:Focal RT plus CHT were associated with inferior control of IG and a higher incidence of CHT‐related toxicities. Adjustment of the radiation volume to the whole ventricular system without CHT is sufficient for treatment of nondisseminated IGs, even with lower primary RT doses (<36 Gy). Cancer 2011. © 2011 American Cancer Society.
Up‐regulation of enhancer of zeste homolog 2 is associated positively with cyclin D1 overexpression and poor clinical outcome in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Cao Wei , Feng Zhien , Cui Zhibin , Zhang Chenping , Sun Zhaoyao , Mao Li , Chen Wantao 
Published: October 2011

AbstractBACKGROUND:The authors previously observed that enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) overexpression was associated significantly with the development of oral cancer. In the current study, they investigated whether EZH2 can function as a prognostic predictor for patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC).METHODS:Expression levels of EZH2 in HNSCC cells were detected using reverse transcriptase‐polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and Western blot analyses. In addition, the effects of EZH2 ablation on the proliferation and invasion of HNSCC cells were investigated through small interfering RNA (siRNA)‐mediated knockdown. Real‐time PCR and immunohistochemistry were used to evaluate EZH2 and cyclin D1 expression in 46 HNSCC samples, and the expression levels also were re‐evaluated in 124 independent samples by immunohistochemistry.RESULTS:EZH2 expression was elevated remarkably in HNSCC specimens and cell lines. Upon EZH2 silencing, the proliferation and invasion of HNSCC cells were remarkably suppressed. EZH2 expression frequently was correlated with cyclin D1 expression (P = .034) and tumor differentiation (P = .020). In addition, both EZH2 messenger RNA levels and EZH2 protein levels were strongly associated with signs of histologic severity (P = .012 and P = .032, respectively). Univariate analysis revealed that high EZH2 expression was associated with worse overall survival (P = .001) and disease‐free survival (P = .002). The combined expression of EZH2 and cyclin D1 had superior prognostic ability for patients with HNSCC than the expression of either marker alone. In multivariate analysis, EZH2 expression was identified as an independent predictor of overall and disease‐free survival.CONCLUSIONS:The current results indicated that EZH2 is an independent prognostic indicator for patients with HNSCC. In addition, an analysis of the combined expression of EZH2 and cyclin D1 can serve as a more powerful prognostic predictor for patients with HNSCC. Cancer 2011. © 2011 American Cancer Society.
Sarcoma metastases to the skin
Authors: Wang Wei‐Lien , Bones‐Valentin Ross A. , Prieto Victor G. , Pollock Raphael E. , Lev Dina C. , Lazar Alexander J. 
Published: October 2011

AbstractBACKGROUND:Sarcoma metastases to the skin are relatively rare, because most involve the lung, liver, or deep soft tissues. The authors of this report examined the distribution and clinical significance of cutaneous and superficial subcutaneous sarcoma metastases.METHODS:Sixty‐five patients with histologically confirmed dermal and superficial subcutaneous sarcoma metastases were identified in pathology files from more than 25,000 patients with sarcoma who were evaluated at The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center from 1989 to 2009. Pathology slides and clinical and radiological information were evaluated.RESULTS:Cutaneous metastases were documented histologically in <0.25% of patients. The mean patient age was 49 years (range, 16‐79 years), and there was an equivalent ratio of men to women. The most common source of metastasis was leiomyosarcoma (28 of 65 patients; 43%). The most common region of first skin metastasis was head and neck (33 patients; 51%), and the scalp predominated (25 patients; 38%). The mean time from primary tumor diagnosis to skin metastasis was 48 months (range, 0‐166 months). Fifty‐three patients (81%) had multiple metastases (skin and other). Among the patients who had complete clinical information available, 31 patients (62%) had other metastases diagnosed before skin involvement, 17 patients (34%) had skin metastases diagnosed first, and 2 patients (4%) had simultaneous presentation. The following clinical outcomes were documented: Twenty‐nine patients (45%) died of disease, 24 patients (37%) remained alive with disease, and 12 patients were lost to follow‐up. The mean time to death was 80 months (range, 9‐224 months) after primary diagnosis, 45 months (range, 5‐94 months) after the first metastasis to any site, and 27 months (range, 5‐65 months) after the first skin metastasis.CONCLUSIONS:Sarcoma metastases to the skin are rare. In this large study, leiomyosarcoma was the most common source, and the scalp was the most frequent site. The majority of patient with skin metastases harbored metastases elsewhere. However, skin was the initial site of metastasis in approximately 1 in 3 patients. Thus, clinical correlation is needed before establishing a diagnosis of primary cutaneous sarcoma, particularly leiomyosarcoma of scalp. Finally, the current results indicated that skin metastasis usually is a late event in sarcoma clinical progression and heralds a poor prognosis. Cancer 2011. © 2011 American Cancer Society.
Phase 2 trial of induction and concurrent chemoradiotherapy with weekly irinotecan and cisplatin followed by surgery for esophageal cancer
Authors: Ilson David H. , Minsky Bruce D. , Ku Geoffrey Y. , Rusch Valerie , Rizk Nabil , Shah Manish , Kelsen David P. , Capanu Marinela , Tang Laura , Campbell Jenny , Bains Manjit 
Published: October 2011

AbstractBACKGROUND:Preoperative chemoradiation improves survival in esophageal and gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) cancer. We evaluated irinotecan and cisplatin as induction chemotherapy followed by concurrent chemoradiation in esophageal cancer.METHODS:Patients with uT1N1M0 or uT2‐4NanyM0 resectable squamous cancer or adenocarcinoma of the esophagus or GEJ received irinotecan 65 mg/m2 and cisplatin 30 mg/m2 for 4 treatments in weeks 1 through 5, followed by 4 treatments in weeks 7 through 11 with 50.4 Gy in daily fractions, followed by surgery. The primary endpoint was pathologic complete response (pCR). Positron emission tomography (PET) scan was performed prior to chemotherapy and as restaging prior to radiotherapy.RESULTS:Fifty‐five patients were evaluable, 75% of whom had adenocarcinoma and 65% of whom had uT3N1 disease. Thirty‐eight patients underwent R0 resection (69%). The incidence of pCR was 16% (95% confidence interval, 8%‐29%). Median overall survival was 31.7 months. An exploratory analysis of PET response to induction chemotherapy indicated a correlation with pCR (32% vs 4%), R0 resection (84% vs 57%), progression‐free survival (24.1 vs 7.7 months), and overall survival (40.2 vs 25.5 months).CONCLUSIONS:Weekly treatment with irinotecan, cisplatin, and radiation achieved results no better and potentially inferior to other phase 2 chemoradiotherapy trials with a low rate of pCR. The use of PET scan after induction chemotherapy to direct chemotherapy during subsequent radiotherapy merits further study. Cancer 2011. © 2011 American Cancer Society.