bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Do the elderly and those with comorbid chronic physical conditions have improved access to outpatient psychotherapy post structural reforms in Germany? Results of the ES-RiP study
Authors: Jedamzik Johanna , Kampling Hanna , Christoffer Andrea , Szardenings Carsten , Heuft Gereon , Friederich Hans-Christoph , Kruse Johannes 
Published: April 2024

BackgroundIn 2017, a reform of the German outpatient psychotherapy guideline was carried out, aiming to reduce waiting times and facilitate low-threshold access. This study analyzes the extent to which the implementation of the two new service elements ‘psychotherapeutic consultation times’ and ‘acute short-term psychotherapeutic interventions’ improved psychotherapeutic care for patients with mental disorders and chronic physical conditions (cMPs), for patients with mental disorders without chronic physical conditions (MnoP), and elderly patients.MethodsIn a quantitative secondary analysis, we analyzed health insurance data of patients with psychotherapy billing codes obtained from the National Association of Statutory Health Insurance Physicians (KBV) for the years 2015-2019, evaluating descriptive statistical parameters for specific patient groups and care services.ResultsBetween 2015 and 2019, the number of mentally ill receiving psychotherapy at least once in the corresponding year increased by 30.7%. Among these, the proportion of cMPs-patients increased from 26.8% to 28.2% (+1.4%), while that of MnoP-patients decreased from 68.3% to 66.4% (-1.9%). The number of elderly people receiving treatment also increased.ConclusionSince increases and decreases in the percentage shares occur evenly over the years investigated, it is questionable whether the reform in 2017 has had a direct influence on these changes.Study registrationID DRKS00020344, URL: https://www.bfarm.de/DE/Das-BfArM/Aufgaben/Deutsches-Register-Klinischer-Studien/_node.html.
Assessing interstate racial and socioeconomic disparities in newborn screening policies in the United States
Authors: Bedford Shanaya , Vachuska Karl 
Published: April 2024

IntroductionThis paper explores racial and socioeconomic disparities in newborn screening (NBS) policies across the United States. While inter-state inequality in healthcare policies is often considered a meaningful source of systemic inequity in healthcare outcomes, to the best of our knowledge, no research has explored racial and socioeconomic disparities in newborn screening policies based on state of residence.MethodsWe investigate these disparities by calculating weighted average exposure to specific NBS tests by racial and socioeconomic group. We additionally estimate count models of the number (and type) of NBS conditions screened for by state racial and socioeconomic composition.ResultsAdding to the knowledge base that social determinants of health and health disparities are linked, our analysis surprisingly reveals little evidence of substantial inter-state inequity in newborn screenings along racial and socioeconomic lines.DiscussionWhile there is substantial nationwide racial and socioeconomic inequity in terms of infant health, the distribution of state-level policies does not appear to be structured in a manner to be a driver of these disparities. Our findings suggest that efforts to reduce inequities in outcomes related to NBS should shift focus toward the delivery of screening results and follow-up care as discussion builds on expanding NBS to include more conditions and genomic testing.
Widening Educational Inequalities in Physical Health Due to the Obesity Trend?—A Mediation Analysis Using the German Socio-Economic Panel Study
Authors: Sperlich Stefanie , Beller Johannes , Safieddine Batoul , Tetzlaff Juliane , Geyer Siegfried 
Published: April 2024

Objectives:This study examined the contribution of obesity to the development of educational inequalities in physical health.Methods:We used data from the German Socio-Economic Panel for the period 2002–2020. Physical health was measured with the modified SF12-questionnaire. Logistic regression analyses were applied to estimate time trends. The Relative Index of Inequality (RII) and the Slope Index of Inequality (SII) were calculated to examine educational inequalities. The role of obesity as a mediator was analyzed using the Karlson-Holm-Breen (KHB) method.Results:Over time, educational inequalities in obesity as well as impaired physical health widened in men and women, particularly among those aged 30–49 years. For individuals with a low level of education at this age, the probability of impaired physical health increased significantly by 7.7%-points in women and 9.4%-points in men. Of this increase, 25.9% for women and 14.8% for men could be attributed to the increase in obesity.Conclusion:Our findings suggest that the steeper rise in obesity among individuals with a low level of education partly explains the observed widening in educational inequalities in physical health.
IMPACT OF POLYMERS, DIFFERENT IRRIGATION PROGRAMS AND SELENIUM FOLIAR ON REDUCING AMOUNT OF IRRIGATION WATER FOR IRIS PLANTS
Authors: Istabraq. A. Aziz  , Jawad S. A. Abd Al-Latif 
Published: April 2024

The experiment was carried out in one of the green houses of the research station A of the Department of Horticulture and Landscape Design during fall season 2020/2021 This study was aimed to reducing the amount of irrigation water using factorial experiment with in split plot designed by The study included three factor , First factor, the quality of irrigation water (main plots) and at three levels: (irrigation with water from the Tigris River 0.92 dm s-1(I0), alternating irrigation (one irrigation with saline water followed by irrigation with the water of the Tigris River(I1), Alternating irrigation (two irrigations with saline water, followed by irrigation with the water of the Tigris River(I2), Second factor was the addition of Polyacrylamide (0, 1.5,2.5) g of soil-1 his symbol(P0,P1.P2). Third factor was spraying with selenium with three concentrations (0, 10,20) mg L-1 his symbol (S0,S1,S2) The results showed The addition of polymers led to decrease in the amount of irrigation water used to irrigate Iris, as the amount of irrigation water decreased with an increase in the concentrations of added polymers. Also, the polymers contributed at a concentration of 2.5 g kg of soil-1 percentage of dry matter in leaves, percentage of carbohydrates in leaves, N, P, K, percentage the water potential in the leaves, relative water content, stomata area and the reduction in the activity of the enzyme Superoxide dismutase led to an increase in the salinity of the irrigation water to a decrease in all characteristics and an increases in the activity of the sod and spraying with selenium at a concentration of 20 mgL-1 increased all study parameters and reduced enzyme activityed.
RESPONSE OF SOME CHARACTERISTICS OF WHEAT GROWTH TO SPRAYING WITH VITAMIN B9 AND E
Authors: H. A. Baqir  , N. H. Zeboon  
Published: April 2024

Over the course of two winter periods, researchers at the Agricultural Experiment Unit, College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences, University of Baghdad, studied the effects of covering wheat (the Al-Furat variety) and “vitamins B9” (“folic acid”) and E “(tocopherol)” on a number of growth traits. Three independent trials were conducted utilizing a factorial design within a Randomized Complete Block Design. The first component was folic acid at 0, 250, and 500 mg L-1; the second component was vitamin E at 0, 1, and 2 ml L-1. At the start of the tillering and flowering stages, both vitamins were applied. All measured characteristics (plant height, flag leaf area, total tiller count, plant dry weight at booting and 100% blooming phases, and “vitamin B9” 500 mg L-1) were found exceeded at this dosage. Aside from that, total chlorophyll, chlorophyll a and b content in leaves, and the pace of crop growth.Since the focus of 2 ml L-1 was higher than most of the attributes, applying vitamin E influenced the growth characteristics. The number of tillers, plant dry weight, crop growth rate, total chlorophyll, biological yield, chlorophyll a and b in leaves.
EFFICACY OF PROBIOTICS AND ESSENTIAL OILS AS ALTERNATIVES TO ANTIBIOTIC GROWTH PROMOTERS IN BROILER CHICKENS
Authors: W. M. Al-Younes  , A. M. Abdelqader  , M. KH. Abuajamieh  , K. O. Nassar  
Published: April 2024

The current study was carried out on broiler chickens to assess whether probiotics or essential oils could be utilized instead of antibiotics growth promoters (AGP) in typical feed formulations, to determine their effectiveness. A total of 2250 broiler chicks at one-day old age were allocated into 5 dietary treatments in a completely randomized design with 9 replicates per treatment and 50 chicks/replicate. The Probiotic included three strains of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, the essential oil (EO) was a blend of Cinnamaldehyde-Thymol, and the AGP was Lincomycin™. These additives were added to the basal diets (BD) to formulate the following dietary treatments (T): (T1) control-fed BD that is regularly used by broiler farmers (T2) control-fed BD that is regularly used by broiler farmers and supplemented with Lincomycin™ (100 g/ton) as AGP; (T3) fed BD + Probiotics (Enviva® PRO 60 g/ton); (T4) fed BD + EO (Enviva® 100g/ton); and (T5) fed BD + combination of both probiotics and EO with the same doses used in T3 and T4. The study findings demonstrated that the use of probiotics or essential oils did not have any significant impact on the average body weight gain, final body weight, feed conversion ratio, or footpad lesion scores when compared to the AGP group. It was concluded that replacing the AGP with probiotics or EO, as natural feed additives, had no negative effects on broiler performance. The probiotic strains or the EO could be safe alternatives to AGP.
تأثير تكنولوجيا المعلومات في الإبداع الأكاديمي-دراسة ميدانية لعينة من أكاديميي جامعة البصرة
Authors: علي راضي , حبيب دعاء 
Published: April 2024

تهدف الدراسة الحالية الى الكشف عن تأثير تكنولوجيا المعلومات بأبعادها (المكونات المادية, قواعد البيانات, البرامجيات, شبكات الاتصال, والمكون البشري) في تقويم الاداء الاكاديمي, وقد طبقت واختبرت هذه الدراسة على عينه من اكاديمي جامعة البصرة, اذ بلغ عددهم (365) تدريسي, تم اختيارهم باستخدام اسلوب (العينة العشوائية البسيطة), واعتمدت الاستبانة كأداة لجمع البيانات من خلال استخدام مجموعة من الاساليب الاحصائية المتوفرة في برنامجي (SPSS.V.24 & AMOS.V.24), وأظهرت النتائج أن هناك تأثيرا ايجابيا لتكنولوجيا المعلومات في الابداع الاكاديمي ، ويمكن الإفادة من النتائج التي توصلت اليها الدراسة, إذ إن الاهتمام في التطبيق والاستخدام المتقدم لــــــ(IT) في الجامعة يؤدي الى تنمية الأساليب والقدرات الابداعية, وعلية فإن زيادة الاهتمام بهذا المجال سيزيد من فرصة الجامعة المبحوثة في تحقيق Hهدافها وغاياتها والارتقاء بمستوى الاداء العام لها.
Dead Men Do Even Tell Filled Tales
Authors: S. Anitha Rao  , G. Venkateshwar Rao  , V. Chandrasekhar  , Kolli Tejaswi Chowdary  , Shaik Sana  
Published: April 2024

Background: Dental identification of deceased individual is a core task in the forensic dentistry. The accurate recording of clinical procedures has become more important over the time because of the increasing trends of lawsuits worldwide. Advances in imaging, root canal anatomy and restorative materials have been consistently emerging in present research and practice. Hence, the purpose of this paper is to provide an update on interrelationship between restorative dentistry and forensic personal identification.Aim: To observe the effects of predetermined incineration temperatures (400 and 800) on unrestored and restored teeth with different restorative materials, and its effect on length of tooth and volume of the pulp under Stereomicroscope and CBCT.Materials and Methods: 48 extracted premolar teeth were divided into 2 groups based on predetermined temperatures and subdivided into 4 subgroups based on restorative material used. Subgroup i- Unrestored teeth, Subgroup ii- class I Amalgam restoration, Subgroup iii- class I Amalgomer restoration and Subgroup iv- class I Cention restoration. The Antemortem and postmortem records were compared using Stereomicroscope and CBCT.Results: Teeth exposed to incineration at different temperatures will be analyzed under Stereomicroscope and CBCT.
Unveiling Digital Document Manipulation: A Case Study in Forensic Examination
Authors: Deepika Dubey  , Richa Rohatgi  , Seema R. Pathak  
Published: April 2024

The ease of creating digital documents due to today’s technological advancements has led to a surge in white- collar crimes involving forgery and manipulation. Detecting these digital document alterations presents a unique set of challenges to forensic investigators. The present study aims to uncover a forgery in a digitally manipulated document and demonstrate the successful detection of digital document alterations. This study examines a real- life case to explore the methods utilized by forensic experts in detecting and evaluating document forgery. It highlights the crucial role of digital forensic analysis in contemporary investigative procedures. This research emphasises the significance of understanding document forgery and the need for robust forensic techniques in detecting digital manipulation. Ensuring the integrity of digital documents is crucial in maintaining trust and reliability in today’s information-driven era.
Tracking real-time proximity in daily life: A new tool to examine social interactions
Authors: Janssen Loes H. C. , Verkuil Bart , Nedderhoff Andre , van Houtum Lisanne A. E. M. , Wever Mirjam C. M. , Elzinga Bernet M. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractSocial interactions, spending time together, and relationships are important for individuals’ well-being, with people feeling happier when they spend more time with others. So far, most information about the frequency and duration of spending time together is based on self-report questionnaires. Although recent technological innovations have stimulated the development of objective approaches for measuring physical proximity in humans in everyday life, these methods still have substantial limitations. Here we present a novel method, using Bluetooth low-energy beacons and a smartphone application, to measure the frequency and duration of dyads being in close proximity in daily life. This method can also be used to link the frequency and duration of proximity to the quality of interactions, by using proximity-triggered questionnaires. We examined the use of this novel method by exploring proximity patterns of family interactions among 233 participants (77 Dutch families, with 77 adolescents [Mage = 15.9] and 145 parents [Mage = 48.9]) for 14 consecutive days. Overall, proximity-based analyses indicated that adolescents were more often and longer in proximity to mothers than to fathers, with large differences between families in frequency and duration. Proximity-triggered evaluations of the interactions and parenting behavior were generally positive for both fathers and mothers. This innovative method is a promising tool that can be broadly used in other social contexts to yield new and more detailed insights into social proximity in daily life.
Analisis Postur Kerja Berdasarkan Metode Owas Dan Nordic Body Map Pada Pekerja Bongkar Muat Barang Di Pasar Klaten
Authors: Siti Siti Lestariningsih , Faisal Abdul Jamal  , Puji Asih  , Iva Mindhayani  
Published: April 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi besarnya tingkat resiko pekerjaan bongkar muat barang dan bagian tubuh yang paling dominan dirasakan rasa sakit oleh pekerja, mengetahui besarnya action limit dan mengetahui saran pebaikan untuk pekerjaan bongkar muat barang di pasar darurat 3 lantai Kabupaten Klaten. Hal ini dikarenakan pasar mansih menganut sistem tradisional, pekerja memiliki peran dominan dalam penanganan barang secara manual untuk pelayanan terhadap konsumen, penanganan barang tersebut dilakukan setiap hari dan secara terus menerus, maka sudah seharusnya dilakukan analisis dan evaluasi yang mengacu pada postur kerja untuk menjamin pekerja dari risiko cidera otot pada tulang belakang. Penelitian ini merupakan identifikasi pada 10 orang pekerja dengan menggunakan metode OWAS dapat diketahui tingkat resiko dan penentuan saran perbaikan, dengan metode Nordic Body Map untuk mengetahui bagian tubuh yang dominan dirasakan rasa sakit, dan action limit untuk mengetahui batasan berat beban yang dapat diangkut secara manual. Hasil penentuan skor OWAS dari pekerjaan bongkar muat barang yang berkativitas mengangkut menunjukkan kategori postur. Besar resiko pekerjaan bongkar muat barang yang berkativitas mengangkut adalah kategori 4 dan tubuh yang paling dominan dirasakan Pinggang, Bokong, Paha kiri, Paha kanan, Bahu kanan, Lutut kiri, Lutut kanan, Betis kiri, Betis kanan, nilai action limit (AL) 219,65 N dibandingkan dengan nilai Maximum Pressible Limit (MPL) sebesar 6.589,63 N dan FCL5/S1 sebesar 5.230,15 N maka dikategorikan berbahaya. Guna mengurangi cidera musculoskeletal memberikan edukasi kepada pekerja pentingnya postur kerja dan memfasilitasi pekerja diusulkan dengan alat bantu berupa Troli.
Conocimiento de la técnica SAER del personal de enfermería del servicio de urgencias de un hospital público de Tabasco
Authors: Velázquez Ruiz Miguel Ángel , González Angulo Pedro , Lázaro Pérez Mirella , Madrigal Peregrino José del Carmen , Ávalos Cancino Oriana Guadalupe 
Published: April 2024

Esta investigación tiene el propósito determinar el nivel de conocimiento de la aplicación de la técnica SAER en el personal de enfermería del servicio de urgencias pediátricas. Es un estudio de tipo cuantitativo, descriptivo y transversal, se consideró una población de 82 enfermeros del servicio de urgencias de un Hospital público de Alta Especialidad en la ciudad de Villahermosa, Tabasco, México. Como muestra final se obtuvo la participación de 45 enfermeras(os). Par la recolección de datos se utilizó el instrumento: “Test Conocimiento sobre un modelo de comunicación SAER de los profesionales de enfermería”. Para las consideraciones éticas se tomó en cuenta lo dispuesto en el Reglamento de la Ley General de Salud en Materia de Investigación. Como princial resultado se obtuvo que el 35.6% reportó un nivel medio de conocimiento sobre la técnica SAER, el 33.3% un nivel alto y el 31.1% un nivel bajo. A manera de conclusión se puede decir que el nivel de conocimiento sobre la técnica SAER en el personal de enfermería estudiado en esta investigación fue de medio a alto, lo cual indica que esta téncia es conocida por más de la mitad del personal de enfermería.
Bottom’s Dream and the Amplification of Filamentary Gas Structures and Stellar Spiral Arms
Authors: Meidt Sharon E. , van der Wel Arjen 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Theories of spiral structure traditionally separate into tight-winding Lin–Shu spiral density waves and the swing-amplified material patterns of Goldreich & Lynden-Bell and Julian & Toomre. In this paper we consolidate these two types of spirals into a unified description, treating density waves beyond the tight-winding limit, in the regime of shearing and nonsteady open spirals. This shearing wave scenario novelly captures swing amplification that enables structure formation above conventional Q thresholds. However, it also highlights the fundamental role of spiral forcing on the amplification process in general, whether the wave is shearing or not. Thus it captures resonant and nonresonant mode growth through the donkey effect described by Lynden-Bell & Kalnajs and, critically, the cessation of growth when donkey behavior is no longer permitted. Our calculations predict growth exclusive to trailing spirals above the Jeans length, the prominence of spirals across a range of orientations that increases with decreasing arm multiplicity, and a critical orientation where growth is fastest that is the same for both modes and material patterns. Predicted structures are consistent with highly regular, high-multiplicity gaseous spur features and long filaments spaced close to the Jeans scale in spirals and bars. Applied to stellar disks, conditions favor low multiplicity (m < 5) open trailing spirals with pitch angles in the observed range 10° < i

p
< 50°. The results of this work serve as a basis for describing spirals as a unified class of transient waves, abundantly stimulated but narrowly selected for growth depending on local conditions.
Investigating Model Dependencies for Obscured Active Galactic Nuclei: A Case Study of NGC 3982
Authors: Kallová Kristína , Boorman Peter G. , Ricci Claudio 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
X-ray spectroscopy of heavily obscured active galactic nuclei (AGN) offers a unique opportunity to study the circumnuclear environment of accreting supermassive black holes. However, individual models describing the obscurer have unique parameter spaces that give distinct parameter posterior distributions when fit to the same data. To assess the impact of model-specific parameter dependencies, we present a case study of the nearby heavily obscured low-luminosity AGN NGC 3982, which has a variety of column density estimations reported in the literature. We fit the same broadband XMM-Newton+NuSTAR spectra of the source with five unique obscuration models and generate posterior parameter distributions for each. By using global parameter exploration, we traverse the full prior-defined parameter space to accurately reproduce complex posterior shapes and inter-parameter degeneracies. The unique model posteriors for the line-of-sight column density are broadly consistent, predicting Compton-thick N
H > 1.5 × 1024 cm−2 at the 3σ confidence level. The posterior median intrinsic X-ray luminosity in the 2–10 keV band was found to differ substantially, however, with values in the range log L
2–10 keV/ erg s−1 = 40.9–42.1 for the individual models. We additionally show that the posterior distributions for each model occupy unique regions of their respective multidimensional parameter spaces and how such differences can propagate into the inferred properties of the central engine. We conclude by showcasing the improvement in parameter inference attainable with the High Energy X-ray Probe, with its uniquely broad, simultaneous, and high-sensitivity bandpass of 0.2–80 keV.
Morphology of Galaxies in JWST Fields: Initial Distribution and Evolution of Galaxy Morphology
Authors: Lee Jeong Hwan , Park Changbom , Hwang Ho Seong , Kwon Minseong 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
A recent study from the Horizon Run 5 (HR5) cosmological simulation has predicted that galaxies with

log

M

*

/

M

⊙

≲
10

in the cosmic morning (10 ≳ z ≳ 4) dominantly have disk-like morphology in the ΛCDM universe, which is driven by the tidal torque in the initial fluctuations of matter. For a direct comparison with observation we identify a total of about 19,000 James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) galaxies with

log

M

*

/

M

⊙

>
9

at z = 0.6–8.0 utilizing deep JWST/NIRCam images of publicly released fields, including North Ecliptic Pole Time-Domain Fields, Next Generation Deep Extragalactic Exploratory Public survey, Cosmic Evolution Early Release Science Survey, Cosmic Evolution Survey, UltraDeep Survey, and SMACS J0723-7327. We estimate their stellar masses and photometric redshifts with the redshift dispersion of σ
NMAD = 0.009 and an outlier fraction of only about 6%. We classify galaxies into three morphological types, disks,
spheroids, and irregulars, applying the same criteria used in the HR5 study. The morphological distribution of the JWST galaxies shows that disk galaxies account for 60%–70% at all redshift ranges. However, in the high-mass regime (

log

M

*

/

M

⊙

≳
11

), spheroidal morphology becomes the dominant type. This implies that the mass growth of galaxies is accompanied by a morphological transition from disks to spheroids. The fraction of irregulars is about 20% or less at all masses and redshifts. All the trends in the morphology distribution are consistently found in the six JWST fields. These results are in close agreement with the results from the HR5 simulation, particularly confirming the prevalence of disk galaxies at small masses in the cosmic morning and noon.