bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bethe/Gauge correspondence for AN spin chains with integrable boundaries
Authors: Wang Ziwei , Zhu Rui-Dong 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
We continue the survey initiated in [1] to explore the Bethe/Gauge correspondence between supersymmetric SO/Sp gauge theories in 2d/3d/4d and open spin chain with integrable boundaries. We collect the known Bethe ansatz equations of different types of spin chains with general boundaries that have been analyzed in the literature, and compare them with the vacua equations of the quiver gauge theories. It seems that not all the vacua equations of quiver gauge theory with BCD-type gauge groups can be realized as some known Bethe ansatz equations of integrable spin chain models.
Tips and tricks for Bayesian VAR models in gretl
Authors: Pedini Luca 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBayesian Vector Autoregressive models have become the natural response to the dense parametrization often required by multivariate time series modeling. However, the Bayesian approach is somehow new to the ecosystem: classical analysis of Vector Autoregressions (VARs) is natively supported and supplemented via addons and function packages, but a Bayesian counterpart in the form of equally general and advanced functions or, at a lower level, in the form of didactic example scripts is missing. This paper pursues the second route describing, via a replication exercise, how to perform basic Bayesian inference in using VARs, with particular reference to structural analysis. The contribution goes in the direction of providing new hints and tools, available to the user, for a more complete and up-to-date understanding of modern macroeconometrics.
Extranodal natural killer/T cell lymphoma of the skeletal muscle
Authors: di Gaeta Ettore , Verspoor Floortje , Savci Dilara , Donner Naomi , Maas Mario , Hemke Robert 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis case report highlights a case of extranodal NK/T cell lymphoma initially misdiagnosed as myositis, emphasizing the appearance on both MRI and FDG PET images. The patient presented with systemic symptoms and calf muscle swelling, prompting imaging studies that revealed diffuse muscle involvement. Despite negative myositis markers and inconclusive biopsy, post-amputation findings confirmed lymphoma with EBV positivity. The appearance in both MRI and FDG PET complicated the diagnostic process, underscoring the importance of considering lymphoma in cases of muscle-related symptoms to prevent delays in appropriate management. This case contributes to the understanding of the diagnostic challenges associated with extranodal NK/T cell lymphoma and emphasizes the significance of peripheral band-like features in imaging studies.
A phase I trial of autologous RAK cell immunotherapy in metastatic renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Xu Jing , Zhang Wen , Tong Jinlian , Liu Caixia , Zhang Qiaohui , Cao Liren , Yu Jiangyong , Zhou Aiping , Ma Jie 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
Treatment of metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) remains a challenge worldwide. Here, we introduced a phase I trial of autologous RAK cell therapy in patients with mRCC whose cancers progressed after prior systemic therapy. Although RAK cells have been used in clinic for many years, there has been no dose-escalation study to demonstrate its safety and efficacy.

Methods
We conducted a phase I trial with a 3 + 3 dose-escalation design to investigate the dose-related safety and efficacy of RAK cells in patients with mRCC whose cancers have failed to response to systemic therapy (ChiCTR1900021334).

Results
Autologous RAK cells, primarily composed of CD8+ T and NKT cells, were infused intravenously to patients at a dose of 5 × 109, 1 × 1010 or 1.5 × 1010 cells every 28 days per cycle. Our study demonstrated general safety of RAK cells in a total of 12 patients. Four patients (33.3%) showed tumor shrinkage, two of them achieved durable partial responses. Peripheral blood analysis showed a significant increase in absolute counts of CD3+ and CD8+ T cells after infusion, with a greater fold change observed in naive CD8+ T cells (CD8+CD45RA+). Higher peak values of IL-2 and IFN-γ were observed in responders after RAK infusion.

Conclusion
This study suggests that autologous RAK cell immunotherapy is safe and has clinical activity in previously treated mRCC patients. The improvement in peripheral blood immune profiling after RAK cell infusion highlights its potential as a cancer treatment. Further investigation is necessary to understand its clinical utility.
Mechanical failure of distal femur mega prosthesis due to polyaryl-ether-ether-ketone (PEEK) hinge component
Authors: Merose Omri , Factor Shai , Gortzak Yair , Dadia Solomon , Segal Ortal , Vituri Aya , Bussiba Arie , Sternheim Amir 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
Polyaryl-ether-ether-ketone (PEEK) has gained popularity as a substrate for orthopaedic hardware due to its desirable properties such as heat and deformation resistance, low weight, and ease of manufacturing. However, we observed a relatively high failure rate of PEEK-based hinges in a distal femur reconstruction system. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the proportion of patients who experienced implant failure, analyse the mechanism of failure, and document the associated clinical findings.

Methods
We conducted a retrospective cohort study, reviewing the medical charts of 56 patients who underwent distal femur resection and reconstruction with a PEEK Optima hinge-based prosthesis between 2004 and 2018. Concurrently, we performed a clinical and biomechanical failure analysis.

Results
PEEK component failure occurred in 21 out of 56 patients (37.5%), with a mean time to failure of 63.2 months (range: 13–144 months, SD: 37.9). The survival distributions of PEEK hinges for males and females were significantly different (chi-square test, p-value = 0.005). Patient weight was also significantly associated with the hazard of failure (Wald’s test statistic, p-value = 0.031).

Discussion
Our findings suggest that PEEK hinge failure in a distal femur reconstruction system is correlated with patient weight and male gender. Retrieval analysis revealed that failure was related to fretting and microscopic fractures due to cyclic loading, leading to instability and mechanical failure of the PEEK component in full extension. Further assessment of PEEK-based weight bearing articulating components against metal is warranted.
Circ_0087851 suppresses colorectal cancer malignant progression through triggering miR-593-3p/BAP1-mediated ferroptosis
Authors: Huang Ming , Gao Ting , Chen Xianyong , Yi Junlei , Zhou Xuan 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
Emerging research has validated that circular RNAs (circRNAs) have indispensable regulatory functions in tumorigenesis, including colorectal cancer (CRC). Ferroptosis is a specific cell death form and implicates in the malignant progression of tumors. Here, this study aimed to investigate the biofunction of circ_0087851 in tumor progression and ferroptosis of CRC, as well as its underlying molecular mechanism.

Methods
The expression pattern of circ_0087851 in CRC was validated by qRT-PCR. The biological characteristics of circ_0087851 in CRC were assessed through CCK-8, colony formation and transwell assays in vitro. The ferroptosis was measured using ferroptosis-related reagents on iron, Fe2+, and lipid ROS detection. Bioinformatics, luciferase reporter, and RNA pulldown assays were employed to reveal the circ_0087851-mediated regulatory network. In addition, the effect of circ_0087851 on tumor growth in vivo was detected using a xenograft model.

Results
Circ_0087851 was notably diminished in CRC tissues and cells. Functionally, overexpression of circ_0087851 suppressed CRC cell growth, migration, invasion, and facilitated ferroptosis in vitro. Meanwhile, circ_0087851 upregulation impeded CRC growth in vivo. Mechanistically, circ_0087851 functioned as a molecular sponge for miR-593-3p, and BRCA1 associated protein 1 (BAP1) was identified as a downstream target of miR-593-3p. Besides, rescue experiments revealed that miR-593-3p overexpression or silencing of BAP1 reversed circ_0087851-mediated CRC progression.

Conclusion
Circ_0087851 performed as a tumor suppressor and ferroptosis promoter by the miR-593-3p/BAP1 axis, providing novel biomarker and therapeutic target for the clinical management of CRC.
Improved recurrence rates and progression-free survival in primarily surgically treated oral squamous cell carcinoma – results from a German tertiary medical center
Authors: Struckmeier Ann-Kristin , Buchbender Mayte , Lutz Rainer , Kesting Marco 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Objectives
This study aimed to explore survival and recurrence patterns in patients undergoing primarily surgical treatment for oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) at a high-volume tertiary medical center in Germany.

Materials and methods
The study included 421 patients with primary OSCC who underwent radical tumor resection, neck dissection, and reconstruction with a free flap. Prognostic relevance of clinicopathological characteristics was assessed using Cox proportional-hazards models. Kaplan-Meier method estimated local recurrence-free survival, progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS), while the log-rank test compared survival outcomes between groups.

Results
Recurrence manifested in 16.63% of the patients (70 patients), encompassing local recurrence in 54 patients (77.14%) and distant metastasis in 24 patients (34.28%). Neck recurrence occurred in only 1 patient (0.24%) on the contralateral side. The majority of recurrences occurred within the initial twelve months following primary tumor surgery (64.29%). Overall, the 5-year OS stood at 58.29%, while the 5-year PFS reached 72.53%. Patients with early recurrence within ≤ 12 months showed the least favorable prognosis (log-rank, all p < 0.001).

Conclusions
Our findings show a significant decrease in recurrence rates and enhanced PFS at a high-volume tertiary medical center in Germany compared to previous studies. Local recurrence was the primary form observed, with most recurrences happening within the initial twelve months post-surgery. Opting for treatment at a high-volume center and devising therapy plans in interdisciplinary tumor boards may not only enhance OS but also contribute to improved PFS.

Clinical relevance
These findings offer valuable insights for physicians regarding the post-treatment care of patients with OSCC. The results underscore the importance of frequent follow-up appointments, particularly during the initial year, and highlight the critical need for vigilance in monitoring for local recurrence.
Consequence of habitat specificity: a rising risk of habitat loss for endemic and sub-endemic woody species under climate change in the Hyrcanian ecoregion
Authors: Sękiewicz Katarzyna , Salvà-Catarineu Montserrat , Walas Łukasz , Romo Angel , Gholizadeh Hamid , Naqinezhad Alireza , Farzaliyev Vahid , Mazur Małgorzata , Boratyński Adam 
Published: April 2024

AbstractEndemic species are more impacted by climate change than other taxa. However, assessing the vulnerability of endemics to these changes in some regions, such as the Hyrcanian forest, is limited, despite its importance for biodiversity and ecosystem function. To address the question of expected habitat shifts under climate change across the Hyrcanian ecoregion, we built an ensemble of species distribution models (SDM) under two emission scenarios (RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5) for 15 endemic woody taxa. To identify the potential priority conservation areas, we also applied a spatial prioritization approach. Overall, our results suggest that the impacts of climate change are more severe on the eastern parts of the region (Golestan) and the Talysh Mountains (north-western Hyrcanian ecoregion) with over 85% and 34% loss of suitable habitats over the next 80 years. The central part of the Alborz Mountains (Mazandaran) and some areas in the Talysh Mountains could be potential climatic refugia under the future conditions for endemic taxa. The most prominent changes are expected for Ruscus hyrcanus, Gleditsia capsica, Acer velutinum, Frangula grandifolia, and Buxus hyrcana. The worrying predicted loss of suitable habitats for most studied taxa would dramatically affect the stability and resilience of forests, threatening thus biodiversity of the Hyrcanian ecoregion. We present the first estimation of the potential risks involved and provide useful support for regional climate-adaptation strategy, indicating potential conservation priority areas for maintaining and preserving its resources. Notably, only 13.4% of areas designated for conservation and management under climate change will be located within the current Hyrcanian protected areas, yet the majority of these areas are classified as low priority.
Carbon–neutral hydrogen production by catalytic methane decomposition: a review
Authors: Hantoko Dwi , Khan Wasim Ullah , Osman Ahmed I. , Nasr Mahmoud , Rashwan Ahmed K. , Gambo Yahya , Al Shoaibi Ahmed , Chandrasekar Srinivasakannan , Hossain Mohammad M. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe global hydrogen demand is projected to increase from 70 million tons in 2019 to more than 200 million tons in 2030. Methane decomposition is a promising reaction for H2 production, coupled with the synthesis of valuable carbon nanomaterials applicable in fuel cell technology, transportation fuels, and chemical synthesis. Here, we review catalytic methane decomposition, with focus on catalyst development, deactivation, reactivation, regeneration, and on economics. Catalysts include mono-, bi-, and trimetallic compounds and carbon-based compounds. Catalyst deactivation is induced by coke deposition. Despite remarkable strides in research, industrialization remains at an early stage.
Worldwide Research on Australopiths
Authors: Guil-Guerrero José Luis , Manzano-Agugliaro Francisco 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAustralopiths are a group of early human ancestors that lived approximately 4 to 2 million years ago and are considered a key transitional form between apes and humans. Studying australopiths can help to understand the evolutionary processes that led to the emergence of humans and gain insights into the unique adaptations and characteristics that set humans apart from other primates. A bibliometric-based review of publications on australopiths contained in the Scopus database was conducted, analyzing approximately 2000 of them. The main authors, institutions, and countries researching this subject were identified, as well as their future development. The connections between authors, countries, and research topics were also analyzed through the detection of communities. The more frequent keywords in this subject are hominid, animal, human, South Africa, and Australopithecus afarensis. Four main research clusters were identified in the field of australopiths: palaeobiology, cranial evolution, locomotion, and mandible evolution and morphometry. The most important countries in terms of collaboration networks are South Africa, the UK, France, and Germany. Research on australopiths is ongoing, and new research clusters are expected to emerge, such as those focused on pre-australopiths and the molecular evolution and taxonomy of australopiths. Overall, this work provides a comprehensive overview of the state of research on australopiths and offers insights into the current direction of the field.
Teachers’ Perceptions of the Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic and Their Implementation of an Evidence-based HIV Prevention Program in the Bahamas
Authors: Schieber Elizabeth , Cottrell Lesley , Deveaux Lynette , Li Xiaoming , Taylor Marcellus , Adderley Richard , Marshall Sharon , Forbes Nikkiah , Wang Bo 
Published: April 2024

AbstractInformation on how school-based programs is implemented and sustained during crises is limited. In this study, we assessed the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the implementation of a HIV prevention intervention in The Bahamas. Data were collected from 139 Grade 6 teachers in 2021–2022. Teachers attended virtual training and received implementation monitoring from coordinators. On average, teachers taught 26.4 (SD = 9.2) of the 35 core activities, and 7.4 (SD = 2.4) out of 9 sessions. More than half (58.3%) of teachers completed 28 or more core activities; 69.1% covered eight or all nine sessions, which is equivalent to 80% of the HIV intervention curriculum. Almost half of the teachers (43%) reported that the pandemic negatively impacted their ability to teach the program; 72% of teachers maintained that the program remained “very important” during times of crisis. Greater self-efficacy and supports increased implementation fidelity.
Supporting ANFIS interpolation for image super resolution with fuzzy rough feature selection
Authors: Ismail Muhammad , Shang Changjing , Yang Jing , Shen Qiang 
Published: April 2024

AbstractImage Super-Resolution (ISR) is utilised to generate a high-resolution image from a low-resolution one. However, most current techniques for ISR confront three main constraints: i) the assumption that there is sufficient data available for training, ii) the presumption that areas of the images concerned do not involve missing data, and iii) the development of a computationally efficient model that does not compromise performance. In addressing these issues, this study proposes a novel lightweight approach termed Fuzzy Rough Feature Selection-based ANFIS Interpolation (FRFS-ANFISI) for ISR. Popular feature extraction algorithms are employed to extract the potentially significant features from images, and population-based search mechanisms are utilised to implement effective FRFS methods that assist in selecting the most important features among them. Subsequently, the processed data is entered into the ANFIS interpolation model to execute the ISR operation. To tackle the sparse data challenge, two adjacent ANFIS models are trained with sufficient data where appropriate, intending to position the ANFIS model of sparse data in the middle. This enables the two neighbouring ANFIS models to be interpolated to produce the otherwise missing knowledge or rules for the model in between, thereby estimating the corresponding outcomes. Conducted on standard ISR benchmark datasets while considering both sufficient and sparse data scenarios, the experimental studies demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed approach in helping deal with the aforementioned challenges facing ISR.
CEO Religion and Corporate Social Responsibility: A Socio-behavioral Model
Authors: Le Breton-Miller Isabelle , Miller Danny , Tang Zhenyang , Xu Xiaowei 
Published: April 2024

AbstractStudies linking religion to CSR have produced conflicting findings due to a failure to draw distinctions among religious influences and different CSR practices, and to theorize their connection. Drawing on social identity theory and the theory of planned behavior, we first argue that religion will influence CSR when ethical values from a CEO’s religious social identification resonate with an aspect of CSR. Second, CEO attitudes congruent with those values and forms of CSR—interpersonal empathy and proactiveness—will strengthen that relationship. Third, the relationship between religious social identification and CSR will be strengthened by a CEO’s ability to enact CSR policies, a function of personal and firm market power. Our research on 270 CEOs from 242 publicly traded US firms from 2007 to 2020 supports these relationships.
Political conflict, political polarization, and constitutional compliance
Authors: Lewkowicz Jacek , Metelska-Szaniawska Katarzyna , Fałkowski Jan 
Published: April 2024

AbstractWhile the economic approach to constitutions highlights their contribution to resolving conflict, recent work on the de jure–de facto distinction in relation to various constitutional rules suggests that political conflict and polarization could play a role in explaining the size and evolution of the gap between constitution text and constitutional practice. In this paper, we are interested in the relationship between the degree of conflict in the political arena within the state, captured by the polarization of the political landscape, as well as the underlying political polarization in society, and compliance of government actors with the country’s constitution. Based on a number of theoretical arguments, we provide an empirical investigation for ca. 170 countries in the period 1975–2020, using the new Comparative Constitutional Compliance Database. Our results suggest that constitutional non-compliance is associated with more intense political polarization in society, but it does not seem to be correlated with polarization of the political landscape.
Khat-Chewing, Adiaphorisation and Morality: Rethinking Ethics in the Age of the Synopticon
Authors: Swain Spencer , Lashua Brett , Spracklen Karl 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIn June 2014, the UK Government made khat (Catha edulis) a Class C drug under the UK Misuse of Drugs Act. Based on limited evidence, this decision went against the Government's own Advisory Council on the Misuse of Drugs and has divided members of the British–Somali diaspora, where khat is a popular form of recreation. The Government’s decision to ban khat highlights broader questions regarding how ethical legislation is implemented within post-industrial societies, exposing postcolonial power systems that ‘Other’ migrant groups through synoptic control. Based on qualitative interviews with members of the Somali diaspora and external agencies in Northern England, the research explores how this system fails to consider khat's complex moral position while framing users and those living within the diaspora as deviant.
Socio-ecological gestures of mathematics education
Authors: Coles Alf , Solares-Rojas Armando , le Roux Kate 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIn this theoretical article, we argue that the imminent collapse of earth systems that sustain life forms calls for mathematics education as a field to reflect on and re-evaluate its priorities and thus practices. We consider both what ecological collapse means for mathematics education and whether mathematics education might offer meaningful gestures in response. We explore how the relationship between the social and the ecological is conceptualised in mathematics education (and other relevant) research and what this implies for mathematics education. We read, in this scholarship, a growing focus on the ecological and conceptualisations of socio-ecological relations between existing entities that are dialectical, or mutually dependent. More rarely, are they seen as entangled and monist, and it is in this thought that we locate our contribution of multi-layered gestures of mathematics education. We describe these, in terms of three broad practices: listening for socio-ecological entanglement; attending to the scales of socio-ecological entanglements; and living entanglement as mathematics educators. We exemplify these gestures through examples of curriculum innovation. This article, a socio-ecological gesture in itself, is written in the spirit of opening a conversation into which we invite others.