bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Relationship between thrombus vWF and NETs with clinical severity and peripheral blood immunocytes’ indicators in patients with acute ischemic stroke
Authors: Lin Shi , Chunxiao Wei , Li Sun , Guimei Zhang , Yaru Zhang , Weijie Zhai , Yiming Qi , Ruolin Zhou , Lingjie Meng , Yan Zhang 
Published: May 2024

Objective To investigate the association between von Willebrand factor (vWF) and neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) in thrombus with clinical severity and peripheral blood immunocytes’ indicators in patients with early-stage acute ischemic stroke (AIS). Methods A retrospective study was conducted using the clinical data of 66 patients with AIS who underwent endovascular mechanical thrombectomy and had their thrombus samples collected. The concentrations of vWF and NETs in the thrombus samples were quantitatively assessed. Peripheral blood samples taken in the early stages of the disease were analyzed for total white blood cell counts (WBC), ratios of neutrophils (NEU%), lymphocytes (LYM%), eosinophils (EOS%), and monocytes (MONO%). The severity of clinical symptoms in these patients was evaluated using the modified Rankin Scale (mRS), Essen Stroke Risk Score (ESRS), Barthel Index (BI), and National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS). Results Higher vWF levels in thrombus were associated with lower NIHSS scores, while higher NETs levels were associated with higher initial NIHSS scores. In the early stages of AIS, WBC count and vWF levels were negatively correlated, as well as NEU%. LYM% was positively correlated with vWF level; however, it was negatively correlated with NETs. EOS% was positively correlated with vWF levels. Conclusion In the early stages of AIS, a higher peripheral WBC count and NEU%, combined with decreased EOS% and LYM%, were significantly correlated with a lower vWF level in the thrombus, potentially indicating more severe symptoms. Consequently, the timely administration of vWF-targeted medications is recommended for such patients. Reduced LYM% is indicative of elevated NETs levels and correlated with more severe clinical symptoms. Therefore, the prompt initiation of NETs-targeted medication is warranted for these patients.
Ninety-Day Toxicological Assessment of Preparation of the Medicinal Plant Newbouldia laevis (P. Beauv.) Seem. (Bignoniaceae) in Rats
Authors: Murtala Akanji A. , Akindele Abidemi J. , Oreagba Ibrahim A. 
Published: May 2024

Objectives To investigate the safety profile of subchronic oral administration of hydroethanol leaf extract of Newbouldia laevis (NL) in rats. Methods NL was administered orally (20, 100, and 500 mg/kg) to groups of rats for 90 days. Distilled water served as control. Some rats were spared for an extra 30 days with no extract administration (reversibility study). Blood, urine and selected vital organs were collected for analyses. Results In male rats, NL (20, 500 mg/kg) irreversibly increased ( P˂.05) bodyweight and feeding pattern with opposite trend of results in females. NL (20 mg/kg) elicited irreversible decrease ( P˂0.05) in RBC in male rats; a reversible decrease in RBC and Hb, and an irreversible increase (500 mg/kg) in WBC and neutrophils in females. In male rats, NL irreversibly decreased ( P˂.01) HDL-c and increased uric acid; in female rats, it elicited a reversible increase ( P˂.05, 500 mg/kg) in AST. NL (500 mg/kg) irreversibly decreased ( P˂.05) sperm motility and count, and produced an irreversible increase ( P˂.01) in testosterone levels in male rats (100 mg/kg). It reversibly decreased (20-500 mg/kg) luteinizing hormone levels (both sexes). Conclusions NL is fairly safe at lower doses. However, it could cause anemia at lower doses, infertility (both sexes), liver and kidney injuries at high doses.
NeuroRehabilitation OnLine: Description of a regional multidisciplinary group telerehabilitation innovation for stroke and neurological conditions using the Template for Intervention Description and Replication checklist
Authors: Ackerley Suzanne , Wilson Neil , Boland Paul , Peel Rosemary , Connell Louise 
Published: May 2024

Background Providing recommended amounts of rehabilitation for stroke and neurological patients is challenging. Telerehabilitation is viable for delivering rehabilitation and an acceptable adjunct to in-person therapy. NeuroRehabilitation OnLine (NROL) was developed as a pilot and subsequently operationalised as a regional innovation embedded across four National Health Service (NHS) Trusts. Objective To describe the NROL innovation to assist future implementation and replication efforts. Methods The Template for Intervention Description and Replication (TIDieR) checklist, with guidance from the TIDieR-Telehealth extension, was used to describe NROL. The description was developed collaboratively by clinical academics, therapists, managers and researchers. Updated Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research domains were used to describe the context in which the innovation was delivered. Results NROL delivers online group-based real-time neurorehabilitation with technology assistance. It incorporates multidisciplinary targeted therapy and peer support to complement existing therapy. Procedures, materials and structure are detailed to demonstrate how NROL is embedded within a healthcare system. NROL uses existing NHS therapy workforce alongside dedicated NROL roles, including an essential technology support role. Selection of NROL groups is dependent on patient needs. The NROL innovation is tailored over time in response to feedback. NROL described here is successfully integrated within a regional stroke and neurorehabilitation network, aligns with local and national strategies and capitalises on an existing clinical–academic partnership. Conclusion This comprehensive description of a regional NROL innovation, and clarification of core components, should facilitate other healthcare settings to adapt and implement NROL for their context. Continuous evaluation alongside implementation will ensure maximal impact for neurorehabilitation.
Understanding and comparing risk factors and subtypes in South Korean adult and adolescent women's suicidal ideation or suicide attempt using survey and social media data
Authors: Kim Donghun , Jiang Ting , Baek Ji Hyun , Jang Sou Hyun , Zhu Yongjun 
Published: May 2024

Objective This study aimed to investigate the similarities and differences in risk factors for suicide among adult and adolescent women in South Korea and identify subtypes of suicidal ideation or suicide attempt in each group. Methods Multifaceted data were collected and analyzed by linking survey and social media data. Interpretable machine learning models were constructed to predict suicide risk and major risk factors were extracted by investigating their feature importance. Additionally, subtypes of suicidal adult and adolescent women were identified and explained using risk factors. Results The risk factors for adult women were primarily related to mental disorders, while those for adolescent women were primarily related to interpersonal experiences and needs. Two subtypes of suicidal adult women were one with high psychiatric symptoms and mental disorders of them and/or their families and the other with excessive social media use and high online victimization. Two subtypes of suicidal adolescent women were one with high psychiatric symptoms, high ACEs, and high social connectedness, and the other with frequent social media use, high online sexual victimization, and high social assurance. Conclusions These findings enable a stratified and targeted understanding of suicide in women and help develop customized suicide prevention plans in South Korea.
Effects of acetazolamide on sleep disordered breathing in pulmonary vascular disease: a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Schwarz Esther I. , Saxer Stéphanie , Lichtblau Mona , Schneider Simon R. , Müller Julian , Mayer Laura , Bloch Konrad E. , Ulrich Silvia 
Published: May 2024

BackgroundPatients with pulmonary vascular disease (PVD) often suffer from nocturnal hypoxaemia, but also from sleep apnoea. Short-term use of acetazolamide increases ventilation due to metabolic acidosis and also reduces loop gain. We investigated whether prolonged use of acetazolamide improves sleep disordered breathing in PVD.MethodsIn a randomised controlled crossover trial, patients with PVD were randomly assigned to acetazolamide 250 mg and placebo twice daily for 5 weeks. Patients underwent respiratory polygraphy at baseline and at the end of each intervention phase. Outcomes of interest were the effect of acetazolamide on mean nocturnal oxygen saturation (SpO2), time with oxygen saturation <90% (t<90), apnoea–hypopnoea index (AHI) and sleep apnoea severity.ResultsIn 20 patients with PVD (55% women, nine with pulmonary arterial hypertension, 11 with distal chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension; mean±sdnocturnalSpO288.8±3.5%, obstructive AHI 12.6±12.3 events·h−1), 5 weeks of acetazolamide resulted in a significant improvement in nocturnal oxygenation compared to placebo (mean nocturnalSpO2+2.3% (95% CI 1.3–3.3%); p<0.001 andt<90−18.8% (95% CI −29.6– −8.0%); p=0.001). Acetazolamide increased the proportion of patients with mean nocturnalSpO2≥90% from 45% to 85%. The percentage of patients with AHI >5 events·h−1was reduced from 75% to 60% and with AHI >15 events·h−1from 30% to 15%. Two patients discontinued the study because of mild side-effects.ConclusionsAcetazolamide given for 5 weeks reduces nocturnal hypoxaemia in PVD to a clinically relevant level and reduces the proportion of patients with obstructive sleep apnoea.
Vasoreactivity and inhaled treprostinil response in interstitial lung disease pulmonary hypertension
Authors: Harder Eileen M. , Rahaghi Farbod N. , Leopold Jane A. , Systrom David M. , Washko George R. , Waxman Aaron B. 
Published: May 2024

IntroductionDespite shared features with pulmonary arterial hypertension, acute vasoreactivity in pulmonary hypertension with interstitial lung disease (PH-ILD) is not well characterised, including its potential ability to predict therapeutic outcomes. We sought to determine whether acute vasoreactivity in PH-ILD to oxygen (O2) and inhaled nitric oxide (iNO) predicts inhaled treprostinil (iTre) outcomes.Materials and methodsIn this retrospective cohort analysis, we identified treatment-naive PH-ILD patients with vasoreactivity testing using O2and O2+iNO. 6-month iTre outcome was assessed. “iTre improvement” required fulfilment of criteria on objective assessment without clinical worsening. “iTre failure” was defined by lack of objective improvement or a clinical worsening event.ResultsAmong 75 PH-ILD patients, mean pulmonary arterial pressure (mPAP) decreased by −3 mmHg (−12.6%) and pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) by −1.3 WU (−23.7%) with O2+iNO. With O2+iNO, mPAP decreased ≥10 mmHg to <40 mmHg in four patients (5.3%) and 23 (30.7%) had ≥20% reduction in mPAP and PVR. Among 33 iTre-treated patients, there were 13 improvements and 20 failures. The microvascular response, measured by distensibility, to O2aloneversusO2+iNO correlated with 6-month iTre outcome. Patients with 6-month iTre improvement had large relative distensibility increases with O2+iNO (versusfailure, 76.0%versus15.3%, p=0.004). Conversely, iTre failure was associated with increased distensibility with O2alone (versusimprovement, 26.8%versus−3.9%, p=0.045).ConclusionsIn PH-ILD, the microvascular response to O2versusO2+iNO testing was associated with 6-month iTre outcome, likely reflecting the differential contributions of hypoxic vasoconstriction and remodelling. Acute vasoreactivity may inform therapeutic decision-making in PH-ILD.
Low serum double-stranded DNA levels are associated with higher survival rates in severe COPD patients
Authors: Roodenburg Sharyn A. , Hartman Jorine E. , Eichhorn Ilse A. , Slebos Dirk-Jan , Pouwels Simon D. 
Published: May 2024

IntroductionDamage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) are endogenous danger signals that alert and activate the immune system upon cellular damage or death. It has previously been shown that DAMP release is increased in patients with COPD, leading to higher levels in extracellular fluids such as serum. In the current study we investigated whether the serum levels of DAMPs were associated with survival rates in COPD patients.MethodsA panel of seven DAMPs, consisting of HMGB1, fibrinogen, α-defensin, heat shock protein 70, S100A8, galectin-9 and double-stranded DNA (dsDNA), was measured in serum of 949 severe COPD patients. Maximally selected rank statistics was used to define cut-off values and a Cox proportional hazards model was used to evaluate the effect of high or low DAMP levels on 4-year survival. For DAMPs that were found to affect survival significantly, baseline characteristics were compared between the two DAMP groups.ResultsOut of the seven DAMPs, only dsDNA was significantly associated with 4-year survival. Patients with elevated serum level of dsDNA had higher 4-year mortality rates, lower FEV1% predicted values and higher emphysema scores.DiscussionIn conclusion, in a clinical cohort of 949 patients with moderate-to-severe COPD, elevated serum levels of dsDNA were associated with a higher risk of death. This study further illustrates the potential role of circulating DAMPs, such as dsDNA, in the progression of COPD. Together, the results of this study suggest that levels of circulating dsDNA might serve as an additional prognostic biomarker for survival in COPD patients.
Long-term functional course of Sjögren's disease-associated interstitial lung disease
Authors: Diou Caroline , Debray Marie-Pierre , Porcher Raphaël , Bancal Catherine , Sacre Karime , Taille Camille , Khamis Warda , Dhote Robin , Borie Raphaël , Nunes Hilario , Uzunhan Yurdagül , Crestani Bruno 
Published: May 2024

BackgroundInterstitial lung disease (ILD) is common in primary Sjögren's disease (pSD); its functional course is poorly known. Our aim was to characterise the long-term functional course and prognosis in patients with pSD-ILD. We determined the role of baseline demographic and clinical variables in the evolution of lung function and identified risk factors for death or transplantation.MethodsIn a retrospective observational cohort study, patients with pSD and ILD were retrospectively identified from two French ILD centres. Forced vital capacity (FVC) and diffusing capacity of the lungs for carbon monoxide (DLCO) slopes were obtained from joint models. Latent class mixed models identified clusters of FVC andDLCOtrajectories.ResultsWe included 73 patients (63% women, mean age 63 years), with a median follow-up of 9.3 years. At baseline, mean FVC was 73±21% andDLCO51±16%. On average, FVC was stable, while there was an annual decline inDLCOof 1% of the predicted value. Male sex, a pattern of usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP) or indeterminate for UIP on high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT), and features of fibrosis on HRCT, were associated with an accelerated decline in FVC andDLCO.ConclusionWe identified clusters of lung function evolution. 1) Two FVC trajectories: patients with stable FVC (n=56, 78%); patients with FVC decline (n=16, 22%) of 2.4% per year, characterised by a low baselineDLCO(39%) and a higher risk of death or transplantation (HR 52, 95% CI 10–273). 2) ThreeDLCOtrajectories: patients with stableDLCO(n=44, 66%); patients with a slow decline inDLCO(n=12, 18%) of 2.8% per year; patients with a rapid decline inDLCO(n=11, 16%) of 4.8% per year, characterised by a low baselineDLCO(41%) and a higher risk of death or transplantation (HR 156, 95% CI 18–1352).
Home range of three turtle species in Central Yucatan. A comparative study
Authors: Enríquez-Mercado Ivette , Butterfield Taggert G. , Aguilar-Romero Rafael , Macip-Ríos Rodrigo 
Published: May 2024

AbstractHome range is a fundamental characteristic of an animal natural history. The study of home range provides information on the sites where organisms forage for food, find shelter, or locate mates. Home range size and shape can change throughout the lifespan of an organism, during the year, or across seasons, driven by resource availability and the basic needs for each organism. For freshwater and semi-aquatic turtles, home range is greatly affected by water availability, humidity, and temperature throughout the year, nevertheless demographic factors such age and sex are also important determinants of home range size. In this study we estimated home range and dispersal movements for Kinosternon creaseri, Terrapene yucatana, and Rhinoclemmys areolata in a semi-tropical dry forest in central Yucatán. For a two-year period, turtles were surveyed using hoop traps and visual encounters. Twenty-one individuals (5–8 per species) were equipped with radio transmitters to track them across the landscape. Distances between relocations and home range were compared across species seasons, sex, and interactions of these variables. Monthly average movements were positively correlated with rain in the three species studied. Home range of R. areolata was larger than those of K. creaseri and T. yucatana. Home range of the three studied species were larger during the wet season. Home range overlap index within same species individuals was higher during the rainy than dry season, but overall overlap is low between and within species.
Green iron oxide nanoparticles and magnetic nanobiochar: enhancing tomato performance, phytochemicals, and root-knot nematode resistance
Authors: Mahmoud Nashaat N. , Khader Asmaa , Mahmoud Esawy 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
Green nanoparticles are considered to be an effective strategy for improving phytochemicals and raising productivity in soil infected by root-knot nematodes. This work aims to understand the characteristics of certain nanomaterials, including non-iron (nFe), green non-iron (GnFe), and green magnetic nanobiochar (GMnB), and the effect of adding them at 3 and 6 mg kg− 1 on phytochemicals and tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) plant growth in soils infected by root-knot nematodes.

Results
Spectroscopic characterization of nanomaterials showed that nFe, GnFe, and GMnB contained functional groups (e.g., Fe-O, S-H, C-H, OH, and C = C) and possessed a large surface area. Application of GMB at 6 mg kg− 1 was the most efficient treatment for increasing the phytochemicals of the tomato plant, with a rise of 123.2% in total phenolic, 194.7% in total flavonoids, 89.7% in total carbohydrate, 185.2% in total free amino acids, and 165.1% in total tannin compared to the untreated soil. Tomato plant growth and attributes increased with increasing levels of soil nano-amendment in this investigation. The addition of GnFe3 and GnFe6 increased the reduction of root galls of root-knot nematodes by 22.44% and 17.76% compared with nFe3 and nFe6, respectively. The inclusion of the examined soil nano-amendments increased phytochemicals and reduced the total number of root-knot nematodes on tomato plants at varying rates, which played a significant role in enhancing tomato growth.

Conclusions
In conclusion, treating tomato plants with GnFe or GMnB can be used as a promising green nanomaterial to eliminate root-knot nematodes and increase tomato yield in sandy clay loam soil.
Melatonin enhances resistance to Botryosphaeria dothidea in pear by promoting jasmonic acid and phlorizin biosynthesis
Authors: Xu Hongpeng , Zhang Siying , Liang Chenglin , Li Min , Wang Ran , Song Jiankun , Cui Zhenhua , Yang Yingjie , Liu Jianlong , Li Dingli 
Published: May 2024

AbstractRing rot, caused by Botryosphaeria dothidea, is an important fungal disease of pear fruit during postharvest storage. Melatonin, as a plant growth regulator, plays an important role in enhancing the stress resistance of pear fruits. It enhances the resistance of pear fruits to ring rot by enhancing their antioxidant capacity. However, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. In this study, we examined the effect of melatonin on the growth of B. dothidea. Results showed that melatonin did not limit the growth of B. dothidea during in vitro culture. However, metabolomics and transcriptomics analyses of ‘Whangkeumbae’ pear (Pyrus pyrifolia) revealed that melatonin increased the activity of antioxidant enzymes, including peroxidase (POD), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and polyphenol oxidase (PPO), in the fruit and activated the phenylpropanoid metabolic pathway to improve fruit resistance. Furthermore, melatonin treatment significantly increased the contents of jasmonic acid and phlorizin in pear fruit, both of which could improve disease resistance. Jasmonic acid regulates melatonin synthesis and can also promote phlorizin synthesis, ultimately improving the resistance of pear fruit to ring rot. In summary, the interaction between melatonin and jasmonic acid and phlorizin enhances the antioxidant defense response and phenylpropanoid metabolism pathway of pear fruit, thereby enhancing the resistance of pear fruit to ring rot disease. Our results provide new insights into the application of melatonin in the resistance to pear fruit ring rot.
Repeated acute coronary syndrome caused by a mind-bending mural thrombus in ascending aorta: a case report and review of the literature
Authors: Liu Hanxuan , Yu Zhangjie , Xu Ying , Zhou Yan , Yang Juntao , Qiu Yinyin , Xing Yangbo , Peng Fang , Tang Weiliang 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
Acute coronary syndrome due to coronary artery embolism in the setting of ascending aortic thrombus is an uncommon condition, even rarer when there is no aortic pathology such as aneurysm, severe atherosclerosis, aortic dissection, or thrombophilia (whether inherited or acquired).

Case presentation
We report a case of a 58-year-old male presented with acute chest pain, electrocardiogram showing non-ST-elevation acute coronary syndrome. The computed tomography angiography of coronary artery revealed a mural thrombus in the proximal part of ascending aorta, located above the left coronary artery ostium, without any aortic pathologies. With the exception of hypertension and cigarette smoking, no other risk factors were identified in this patient that may increase the risk of thrombosis. Given the life-threatening risk of interventional therapy and surgery, the patient determinedly opted for anticoagulant and dual antiplatelet therapy. Then he experienced the reoccurrence of chest pain after 6-day treatment, progressed to anterior and inferior ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction. Coronary artery embolism originating from the ascending aortic thrombus was suspected. Considering the hemodynamic instability of the patient, the medical treatment was continued and bridged to warfarin and aspirin after discharge. Follow-up computed tomography angiography at 6 months showed no obstruction in coronary artery and complete resolution of the thrombus. No thromboembolic events occurred henceforward.

Conclusions
Acute coronary syndrome could be a manifestation of secondary coronary embolism due to ascending aortic thrombus. Currently, there is no standardized guideline for the treatment of aortic mural thrombus, individualized treatment is recommended. When surgical therapy is not applicable for the patient, anticoagulation and dual antiplatelet treatment are alternative treatments that may successfully lead to the resolution of the aortic thrombus.