bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A compact slot inverted‐F antenna to be embedded in the laptop computer for LTE/WWAN applications
Authors: Hu Chuan‐Ling , Lee Wen‐Feng , Lin Shun‐Tian 
Published: May 2011

AbstractA slot inverted‐F antenna with multiband operations for long‐term evolution (LTE700/2500) and penta‐band wireless wide area network (WWAN) applications is presented. The antenna fabricated on a direct bond copper Al2O3 substrate consists of multibranch strips and a slot which occupy a compact size of merely 97(L) × 11.2(W) × 0.5(H) mm3 to be easily embedded in the laptop computer as an internal antenna. By properly designing the multibranch inverted‐F antenna, three bands covering 659–973 MHz, 1689–2179 MHz and 2449–2779 MHz for the LTE700, GSM850/900, DCS/PCS/UMTS, and LTE2500 operations are achieved with good radiation efficiencies. Thus, the proposed antenna is well suitable to be embedded in the laptop computer for the LTE and WWAN applications. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett, 2011; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.26131
Anomalous forerunners in wave propagation interpreted by a typical diffraction integral
Authors: Ranfagni A. , Cacciari I. , Ruggeri R. , Agresti A. , Mignani R. , Ricci A. M. , Petrucci A. 
Published: May 2011

AbstractBy using radar techniques over distances of 16 and 80 m, microwave propagation experiments revealed the presence of anomalous forerunners situated in advanced positions with respect to the main (luminal) peak. These results can be interpreted by a typical diffraction integral, which accounts for the existence of (fast) complex waves, which are usually considered only in the near‐field region, but are still surviving beyond this limit. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett, 2011; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.26133
A compact, one‐piece, metal‐plate patch PIFA for 2.4‐GHz WLAN operation
Authors: Hong Tzi‐Chieh , Su Saou‐Wen , Chang Fa‐Shian 
Published: May 2011

AbstractA simple, standalone, one‐piece patch PIFA operating in the 2.4‐GHz WLAN band is introduced. The antenna was first constructed by stamping a rectangular flat plate, which has an area of 10 × 62 mm2, and then bent two times to form a compact patch antenna with dimensions 5 × 10 × 35 mm3. The top patch is of the same width as the antenna ground plane and set 5 mm therein above. The feeding and shorting portions of the antenna are all located on the same, short side of the top patch. This arrangement makes the proposed antenna quite easy to manufacture and also facilitates the feeding‐cable soldering. With a low profile of the design and the use of the coaxial‐line feed, the antenna was further applied to a wireless LCD TV for the antenna operating frequency and radiation performance analyses. Details of the design prototype are discussed in the article. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett, 2011; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.26134
Numerical modeling of thin‐film bulk acoustic wave resonators using a Crank‐Nicolson finite‐difference time‐domain method
Authors: Wu Dagang , Chen Ji , Liu Ce , Bi Frank 
Published: May 2011

AbstractIn this study, an unconditionally stable finite‐difference time‐domain (FDTD) method implemented with Crank‐Nicolson scheme is presented for the analysis of thin‐film bulk acoustic wave resonators (TFBARs).The proposed approach is unconditionally stable and therefore, the algorithm can significantly reduce the computer processing unit (CPU) time compared to that of the conventional FDTD algorithm. The accuracy and efficiency of the proposed method for calculating resonator frequencies of TFBARs are verified by simulation results. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett, 2011; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.26135
A fully integrated 3–10‐GHz IR‐UWB CMOS impulse generator
Authors: Li Ju‐Ching , Jung Sungyong , Moon Hyejin 
Published: May 2011

AbstractThis letter presents the design and measurement of a CMOS impulse‐radio ultra‐wideband (UWB) impulse generator using IBM 90‐nm CMOS technology for the application of 3.1–10.6 GHz UWB systems. The impulse generator has a simplex architecture using digital circuits and passive bandpass filter. The measurement results show great consistency with the simulation results. The impulse generator has a center frequency of 5.8 GHz and consumes an average power of 0.9 mW at 200 MHz pulse repetition frequency. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett, 2011; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.26137
A pattern‐reconfigurable antenna using PIN diodes
Authors: Kang Woong , Lee Seokjae , Kim Kangwook 
Published: May 2011

AbstractA beam pattern‐reconfigurable antenna has been designed to operate over the 2.4 GHz industrial, scientific, and medical (ISM) band.The proposed antenna is symmetric with respect to the vertical center line and has a pair of PIN diodes as switching elements near the top center of the antenna. The electrical shape of the antenna is a loop with an open wire, which flips symmetrically, depending on the switching states. The width and length of the antenna are chosen such that the gain–bandwidth product is maximized while the antenna operates over the 2.4 GHz band. The antenna is shown to have the ability of beam switching without input impedance variation. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett, 2011; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.26138
Modified fast multipole algorithm using well‐conditioned electric field integral equation for electromagnetic scattering problem
Authors: Chen H. , Wang L. , Chen R. S. 
Published: May 2011

AbstractConventional fast multipole algorithm is one of the most widely used integral equation method for its high efficiency. Unfortunately, it always come across a problem named subwavelength breakdown when the finest group size is smaller than 0.2 wavelength. In this article, singular value decomposition method is used to modify the translation operator of fast multipole algorithm. The finest group size will be smaller without subwavelength breakdown by this method, which leads to much reduction of the memory requirement. Furthermore, the time consumption is also reduced by applying the well‐conditioned electric field integral equation. Numerical results prove the validity and efficiency of this method. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett, 2011; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.26142
Microstrip‐based segmented coupling reader antenna for near‐field UHF RFID applications
Authors: Li Xiuping , Cao Liang 
Published: May 2011

AbstractA microstrip‐based segmented coupling reader antenna is proposed for near‐field ultra high frequency radio frequency identification applications. The measured reading distance is 13.5 cm in the air and the measured bandwidth is around 55 MHz (895–950 MHz) under the condition of voltage standing wave ratio less than 2.0, which covers the Federal Communications Commission standard (902–928 MHz) completely. In addition, the simulated far‐field gain is around 4.7 dBi. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett, 2011; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.26144
Modified compressed block decomposition preconditioner for electromagnetic problems
Authors: Jiang Zhaoneng , Chen Ru‐Shan , Fan Zhenhong , An Yuyuan 
Published: May 2011

AbstractA modified compressed block decomposition (CBD) preconditioner combined with the multilevel fast multipole algorithm (MLFMA) is proposed for efficiently solving large dense complex linear systems that arise in electromagnetic problems.The modified preconditioner utilizes some improvements to improve the CBD preconditioner which is constructed from the available sparse near‐field matrix. On the basis of the modified preconditioner, an efficient matrix–vector multiplication is implemented. Accordingly, the modified preconditioner is comparable with the unpreconditioned generalized minimal residual algorithm (GMRES) in terms of the number of iterations and the total solution time. Remarkably, the modified preconditioner provides a reduction close to one order of magnitude in both the number of iterations and the total solution time. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett, 2011; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.26149
X‐band circularly polarized antenna gain enhancement with metamaterials
Authors: Kossiavas C. , Zeitler A. , Clementi G. , Migliaccio C. , Staraj R. , Kossiavas G. 
Published: May 2011

AbstractOn board systems are of growing interest for aerospace applications due to the increase of air traffic as well for civil as for military applications. Moreover, the spread out of drones leads to new security issues. On board systems requires not only detection capabilities but also a “sense and avoid” operation mode. This article describes the study of a X‐band antenna that could be suitable for this application. First, a 2 × 2 circularly polarized antenna array is designed, fabricated and measured. Then an optimization process using a micro Genetic Algorithm (mGA) coupled to a “home made” 3D‐TLM electromagnetic software is applied to improve its performances. A metamaterial type Partially Reflective Surface (PRS) is inserted above the whole structure for this purpose. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett, 2011; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.26150
An analytical characterization of transmission through a building for deterministic propagation modeling
Authors: Soni Sanjay , Bhattacharya Amitabha 
Published: May 2011

AbstractAn accurate deterministic model for propagation through buildings is presented.The proposed model gives significant improvement over earlier predicted results. The application of the proposed model is considered for a single building scenario and urban microcellular scenario to demonstrate its accuracy. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett, 2011; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.26152
Comments on “The forbidden bandgap characteristic of EBG structures”
Authors: Dang Xiao‐Jie , Yuan Haobo , Wang Nan , Liang Chang‐Hong 
Published: May 2011

AbstractIn a letter by Yang (Microwave Opt Technol Lett 50 (2008), 2965–2967), the bandgap characteristic of a new uniplanar compact electromagnetic bandgap is considered. The authors use the dispersion diagram related to the irreducible Brillouin zone (IBZ) to determine the bandgap. We have already noticed the IBZ used by the letter is not correct, according to the symmetry of the structure. So, the resulted bandgap characteristic is not true. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett, 2011; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.26153
Design of compact microstrip filter with large reject band using a new multisectioned T‐shaped defected ground structure and multilayer technique
Authors: Al Sharkawy M. , Boutejdar A. , Abd El Aziz D. , Galal E. 
Published: May 2011

AbstractIn this article, a new compact defected ground structure (DGS) low pass filter (LPF) with wide rejection band, low insertion loss in the stopband, and sharp transition from passband to stopband is proposed. The prototype LPF is composed of three repetitive DGS elements with open stubs to act as a compensated capacitance. Each single DGS element consists of multisections of T‐shaped slots. The filter is then realized as a multilayer structure to achieve size reduction and enhance the filter response. The proposed filter has been fabricated and measured. The agreement between the simulated and measured results confirms the effectiveness of the proposed concept. Finally, multilayer LPF is transformed to band pass filter using J‐inverter method. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett, 2011; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.26157
An infrared negative‐index layer based on single‐species particles in a polaritonic host
Authors: Basilio Lorena I. , Warne Larry K. , Johnson William A. , Langston William L. , Sinclair Michael B 
Published: May 2011

AbstractFor this article, a simple design procedure based on effective‐media analysis (including higher‐order multipoles), simple optimization, full‐wave numerical simulations, and a postprocessing retrieval algorithm is used to synthesize a negative‐index metamaterial based on a single‐species cubic array immersed in a polaritonic host. In order to verify the predicted performance based on effective media and ultimately validate the design methodology, a full‐wave massively‐parallel numerical simulation for a “bulk” (5 layer thick) sample is performed. Published 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.† Microwave Opt Technol Lett, 2011; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.26159
Frequency reconfigurable antenna for DVB‐H applications
Authors: Canneva F. , Ferrero F. , Ribero J.M. , Staraj R. 
Published: May 2011

AbstractThis article presents a new reconfigurable DVB‐H antenna for a portable TV or a tablet PC device. The antenna consists in a folded monopole loaded by a diode varactor combined with an open stub used to match the antenna. Design procedure and equivalent model are presented. A prototype is realized and measured; return loss and efficiency are presented. A minimal total efficiency of 27% is reported at the whole DVB‐H band. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett, 2011; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.26160
An ultra‐wideband monopole antenna with water‐wave structure
Authors: Jiang Wen , Gong Shu‐Xi , Cui Sha 
Published: May 2011

AbstractA novel water‐drop‐shaped monopole antenna that is based on the model from nature is designed to realize ultra‐wideband (UWB). Its UWB‐related characteristics are simulated and experimentally verified. The results show that the proposed antenna has good radiation performances, which illuminates the structure is a good candidate for antenna design. Method of designing antenna using the model from nature will serve as a good candidate for the future antenna design. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett, 2011; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.26161
Using indirect covariance processing for structure elucidation of small molecules in cases of spectral crowding
Authors: Aspers Ruud L. E. G. , Geutjes Pepijn E. T. J. , Honing Maarten , Jaeger Martin 
Published: May 2011

AbstractIndirect and unsymmetrical indirect covariance NMR provide powerful tools to compute and visualize correlation information by transforming component spectra into combined spectral data matrices. Sensitive component spectra such as TOCSY, HSQC and NOESY can be quickly converted into experimentally insensitive or time‐consuming correlation spectra such as HSQC‐NOESY. The comparison of illustrative series of spectra from four steroids, dexamethasone, testosterone, allylestrenol and tibolone, renders the effects of resonance overlap on the ease of interpretation visible. The compounds are selected such that signal overlap increases systematically in the proton and carbon domain. Spectra are defined as light, moderate and heavy signal overlap, based on signal density. The investigation suggests that moderate spectral congestion in either proton or carbon domain leads to a number of artifacts that does not hamper signal assignment but lowers the level of confidence on de novo structure elucidation. Since the number of correlations usually increases through covariance processing, component spectra with severe spectral congestion in both dimensions are not suitable for covariance processing and the resulting spectra do not support structure confirmation or structure elucidation. The calculated spectra are compared with the corresponding experimental spectra with respect to their application in structure elucidation laboratory environments. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Modulation of autophagy influences development and apoptosis in mouse embryos developing in vitro
Authors: Lee Seung‐Eun , Hwang Kyu‐Chan , Sun Shao‐Chen , Xu Yong‐Nan , Kim Nam‐Hyung 
Published: May 2011

AbstractAutophagyis, the bulk degradation of proteins and organelles, is essential for cellular maintenance, cell viability, and development, and is often involved in type II programmed cell death in mammals. This study investigated the expression levels of autophagy‐related genes and the effect of 3‐methyladenine (3‐MA, an autophagy inhibitor) or rapamycin (an autophagy inducer) on the in vitro development and apoptosis of mouse embryos. LC3, which is essential for the formation of autophagosomes, was widely expressed in mouse embryos, and high levels of transcript were present from 1 to 4 cells but gradually decreased through the morula and blastocyst stages. 3‐MA‐treated embryos exhibited significantly reduced developmental rates and total cell numbers, but increased rates of apoptosis. Furthermore, both the expression of Lc3, Gabarap, Atg4A, and Atg4B, and the synthesis of LC3 were significantly reduced at the blastocyst stage. Although rapamycin treatment did not affect developmental rates, cell numbers decreased, and the apoptosis rate increased. Expression of Lc3, Gabarap, Atg4A, and Atg4B, and synthesis of LC3 increased as well. Modulation of Lc3 mRNA and LC3 protein levels using 3‐MA or rapamycin significantly increased apoptotic cell death through the disruption of mitochondrial morphology and reduction of mtDNA copy number at the blastocyst stage. Interestingly, the inner cell mass, detected by immunostaining with POU5F1 (OCT3/4) after 3‐MA or rapamycin treatment of embryos, was significantly increased compared to controls. These results suggest that autophagy influences developmental patterning and apoptosis, and may play a role in early mouse embryogenesis. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 78:498–509, 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Carbon nanotubes induced microstructure and mechanical properties changes in cocontinuous poly( L‐lactide)/ethylene‐co‐vinyl acetate blends
Authors: Shi Yunyun , Li Yanli , Xiang Fangming , Huang Ting , Chen Chen , Peng Ya , Wang Yong 
Published: May 2011

AbstractToughening of poly( L‐lactide) (PLLA) by elastomer attracts much attention in recent years; however, it is usually associated with the deterioration of modulus and/or strength, resulting in limitation in many applications of the material. In this work, functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotubes (FMWCNTs) were introduced into ethylene‐co‐vinyl acetate toughened PLLA blends. The effects of FMWCNTs content on crystalline structure of PLLA matrix and the morphology of the blends, as well as the selective distribution of FMWCNTs in the ternary nanocomposites were investigated using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), wide angle X‐ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope, and transmission electron microscope. The results show that FMWCNTs exhibit excellent nucleation role in improving the cold crystallization behaviors of PLLA during the annealing and/or DSC heating processes. The results of mechanical property measurements demonstrate that the modulus, strength, and ductility of the blends can be further improved simultaneously through introducing FMWCNTs. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Preparation and characterization of protein‐free natural rubber
Authors: Chaikumpollert Oraphin , Yamamoto Yoshimasa , Suchiva Krisda , Nghia Phan Trung , Kawahara Seiichi 
Published: May 2011

AbstractProtein‐free natural rubber was prepared by incubation of natural rubber latex with urea and polar organic solvent in the presence of surfactant. Effect of the polar organic solvent on the removal of the proteins was investigated with respect to chemical affinity and concentration of the solvents. Under a suitable condition, nitrogen content of the deproteinized natural rubber (DPNR) was 0.000 wt%, which was less than that of natural rubber deproteinized with proteolytic enzyme or urea in the presence of surfactant. The removal of all proteins from natural rubber was proved through FT‐IR spectroscopy. Changes in morphology of the DPNR were also investigated by transmission electron microscopy. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Assessment of nanocomposites based on unsaturated polyester resin/nanoclay under impact loading
Authors: Esfahani Javad Moftakharian , Sabet Ali Reza , Esfandeh Masoud 
Published: May 2011

AbstractThe aim of this study is to investigate the performance of nanoclay reinforced unsaturated polyester (UP) resin under impact loads. Nanocomposite specimens containing nanoclay in 0, 1.5, and 3 (wt%) were prepared by melt mixing method. X‐ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy analysis, scanning electron microscope photographs, and viscosity changes in liquid state resin confirmed exfoliation and intercalation of the nanoclay in the UP resin system used. Tensile modulus showed an increase with increase in nanoclay content. However, the tensile strength and elongation at break exhibited reducing performance with increase in nanoclay content. Izod impact test results indicated better performance for the specimens containing nanoclay reinforcements, with 1.5 (wt%) of nanoclay specimens showing the highest value. High velocity impact tests were carried out using gas gun in velocity range of 20–100 m/sec and harden steel hemispherical tip projectile with diameter of 8.7 mm and weight of 11.54 g. Results for high velocity impact test indicated better performance by the specimens containing nanoclay, with 1.5 (wt%) nanoclay showing the highest attained value. Damage assessments of impact area for all specimens showed spalling type brittle failure with punch out and sever fragmentation pattern. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Formulation and characterization of leather and rubber wastes composites
Authors: Ferreira Maria J. , Almeida Manuel F. , Freitas Fernanda 
Published: May 2011

AbstractResidues from footwear roughing and carding operations represent 5–15% (w/w) of the solid wastes generated by shoe‐making companies. These wastes are mainly composed by chromium tanned leather and sole materials, and are mostly land filled. Sometimes leaching tests show these wastes as hazardous due to chromium in the leachate. This work aims at a more sustainable option for these wastes by recycling them in styrene butadiene rubber (SBR) and acrylonitrile butadiene rubber (NBR). Thus, they were charged with: (i) ≤1 mm leather waste fibers in the range of 10–25 parts per hundred parts of rubber (phr); and (ii) leather and soles industrial carding and roughing wastes in the range of 20–100 phr. The leather waste fibers‐rubber composites tear strength is increased till 25 phr and both tension and elongation at break decrease within the acceptable range till 12.5 phr for SBR and 15 phr for NBR. In the case of leather and sole carding and roughing wastes, composites tear strength increases till 100 phr, and tension and elongation decrease within the acceptable range till 20 phr. The composite materials at the end of their life cycle may be considered inert or non‐hazardous wastes. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 2011. © 2011 Society of Plastics Engineers