bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An educational intervention for improving knowledge, attitude, and practice of dietary salt intake among individuals with hypertension in public sector secondary care facilities, Agra, India, 2021
Authors: Jain Piyush , Murali Sharan , Mariam Jacob Quincy , Shivashankar Roopa , Srivastava Arun , Joseph Bency , Raju Mohankumar , Nesan S Manikanda , Damasceno Albertino , Kaur Prabhdeep 
Published: April 2024

AbstractWe conducted a pre‐post intervention study to determine knowledge, attitude, and practice toward dietary salt intake before, immediately, and 1‐month after nurse‐led one‐on‐one counseling. We purposively selected three public health facilities in Agra, India, and enrolled all eligible hypertensive patients aged 18–60 under treatment for ≥6 months. Of the 153 patients at the 1‐month follow‐up, counseling improved knowledge (4% vs. 42%, p < .001), a greater prioritization of a low salt diet (34% vs. 52%, p < .001), and practice of adding less salt to the dough (48% to 41%, p < .001). The counseling intervention improved knowledge, attitude, and practice toward dietary salt intake.
Long non‐coding RNA H19 mediates osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells through the miR‐29b‐3p/DKK1 axis
Authors: Qin Sen , Liu Da 
Published: April 2024

AbstractSingle immobilization theory cannot fully account for the extensive bone loss observed after spinal cord injury (SCI). Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) are crucial in bone homeostasis because they possess self‐renewal capabilities and various types of differentiation potential. This study aimed to explore the molecular mechanism of long non‐coding RNA H19 in osteoporosis after SCI and provide new research directions for existing prevention strategies. We used small interfering RNA to knockdown H19 expression and regulated miR‐29b‐2p expression using miR‐29b‐3p mimetics and inhibitors. Western blotting, real‐time fluorescence quantitative PCR, Alizarin red staining, alkaline phosphatase staining and double‐luciferase reporter gene assays were used to assess gene expression, osteogenic ability and binding sites. lncRNA H19 was upregulated in BMSCs from the osteoporosis group, whereas miR‐29b‐3p was downregulated. We identified the binding sites between miR‐29b‐3p and lncRNAs H19 and DKK1. H19 knockdown promoted BMSCs' osteogenic differentiation, whereas miR‐29b‐3p inhibition attenuated this effect. We discovered potential binding sites for miR‐29b‐3p in lncRNAs H19 and DKK1. Our findings suggest that long non‐coding RNA H19 mediates BMSCs' osteogenic differentiation in osteoporosis after SCI through the miR‐29b‐3p/DKK1 axis and by directly inhibiting the β‐catenin signalling pathway.
Expression of human dCTP pyrophosphatase 1 (DCTPP1) and its association with cisplatin resistance characteristics in ovarian cancer
Authors: Wang Yu , Chen Xiangyun , Chen Qiduan , Liu Tiancai , Wu Yingsong , Huang Liping , Chen Yao 
Published: April 2024

AbstractCisplatin (DDP) resistance is a major challenge in treating ovarian cancer patients. A recently discovered enzyme called dCTP pyrophosphatase 1 (DCTPP1) has been implicated in regulating cancer characteristics, including drug responses. In this study, we aimed to understand the role of DCTPP1 in cancer progression and cisplatin response. Using publicly available databases, we analysed the expression and clinical significance of DCTPP1 in ovarian cancer. Our bioinformatics analysis confirmed that DCTPP1 is significantly overexpressed in ovarian cancer and is closely associated with tumour progression and poor prognosis after cisplatin treatment. We also found that DCTPP1 located in oxidoreductase complex and may be involved in various biological processes related to cisplatin resistance, including pyrimidine nucleotide metabolism, the P53 signalling pathway and cell cycle signalling pathways. We observed higher expression of DCTPP1 in cisplatin‐resistant cells (SKOV3/DDP) and samples compared to their sensitive counterparts. Additionally, we found that DCTPP1 expression was only enhanced in SKOV3/S cells when treated with cisplatin, indicating different expression patterns of DCTPP1 in cisplatin‐sensitive and cisplatin‐resistant cancer cells. Our study further supports the notion that cisplatin induces intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and triggers cancer cell death through excessive oxidative stress. Knocking out DCTPP1 reversed the drug resistance of ovarian cancer cells by enhancing the intracellular antioxidant stress response and accumulating ROS. Based on our research findings, we conclude that DCTPP1 has prognostic value for ovarian cancer patients, and targeting DCTPP1 may be clinically significant in overcoming cisplatin resistance in ovarian cancer.
Translucency of bulk‐fill composite materials: A systematic review
Authors: Paolone Gaetano , Baldani Sofia , De Masi Niccolò , Mandurino Mauro , Collivasone Giacomo , Scotti Nicola , Gherlone Enrico , Cantatore Giuseppe 
Published: April 2024

AbstractObjectivesTo conduct a systematic review on the translucency of bulk‐fill (BF) composite materials, evaluating the factors influencing it and its clinical implications.Materials and MethodsA systematic search was performed on four databases (Embase, Medline/PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science) for articles published until October 2, 2023. Search terms were: “translucency,” “translucency parameter,” “contrast,” “contrast ratio,” “bulk,” “bulk‐fill,” “bulk fill,” “composite,” “resin,” “resin based,” “resin‐based,” “restoration,” and “dental.” In vitro studies, written in English language, investigating BF resin‐based composites translucency were included. The risk of bias was performed with the RoBDEMAT tool.ResultsOf 590 screened articles, 13 were included in this review. They investigated 11 high‐viscosity BF and 5 low viscosity ones. The limited number of the identified studies and the heterogeneity of the extracted data did not allow to conduct a meta‐analysis.ConclusionsBF materials exhibit variability in translucency due to variations in experimental designs and the heterogeneous composition.Clinical SignificanceBFs may behave differently in masking the substrate or in blending capacity.
Freeze–thawed characteristics of lactone tofu under the synergy of low‐frequency electrostatic field
Authors: Deng Yawen , Yun Xueyan , Lu Yueyuan , Wang Yangyang , Zhang Xiaoyu , Dong Tungalag 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe formation and melting of ice crystals bring undesirable changes to the gel structure of frozen food. To explore the role of Low‐frequency electrostatic field (LFE‐field) in the freeze–thaw quality of protein‐rich foods, the freezing temperature, thawing temperature, and the participation of the LFE‐field were used as variables to orthogonally optimize the treatment of tofu. The sensory score, color, moisture, aerobic bacterial count, and micromorphology were recorded to evaluate the quality variation of tofu. When be frozen at −50°C and thawed at 10°C, tofu maintains 91.1% hardness and 87.0% elasticity hinging on the effect of LFE‐field. When be frozen at −60°C in LFE‐field and thawed at 10°C, tofu maintains 90.7% hardness and 89.7% elasticity. The LFE‐field treatment also increased the water retention capacity and reduced the damage of ice crystals to the protein matrix structure of tofu. In addition, the LFE‐field has minimal impact influence on the tofu's color.Practical applicationsThe low‐frequency electrostatic field (LFE‐field) treatment increased the water retention capacity and reduced the damage of ice crystals to the protein matrix structure of tofu during the freeze–thaw process. In the future, the small LFE‐field could easily be installed in refrigerator and used for long time freezing preservation protein rich food to extend its shelf life and improve the storage quality, such as cheese, tofu, etc.
Idiopathic condylar resorption in adolescents: A scoping review
Authors: Nobrega Marina Tavares Costa , Almeida Fabiana T. , Friesen Reid , Davis Clayton , Major Paul W. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractObjectiveIdiopathic condylar resorption (ICR), also known as progressive condylar resorption, is poorly understood, particularly in adolescent patients. Therefore, this scoping review aims to summarize the available literature on the prevalence, aetiology, pathogenesis, diagnostic process, treatment and/or any outcome regarding ICR in adolescent individuals.MethodsThis scoping review followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines and its extension for scoping reviews (PRISMA‐ScR), as well as Joanna Briggs Institute studies. The search strategy was defined adopting a core search structure for each source, and the search was performed on MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Scopus and Google Scholar. After duplicate removal, two independent reviewers screened abstracts, followed by complete articles, to achieve the definition of included studies. Data collection was performed, and the extracted data were organized in tabular form, along with a narrative summary of main findings that aligns with the objective of this review.ResultsSix observational studies were included in this review. Three studies focused on signs and symptoms, one on prevalence and signs and symptoms, one on treatment and one on disease pathogenesis.ConclusionThis scoping review revealed inadequate published research regarding prevalence, aetiology, early diagnosis, pathogenesis and treatment of ICR in adolescents.
Change in parental knowledge and beliefs about early childhood dental caries following a pragmatic community‐based trial
Authors: Lumsden Christie L. , Edelstein Burton L. , Leu Cheng‐Shiun , Zhang Jiaqing , Rubin Marcie S. , Andrews Howard 
Published: April 2024

AbstractObjectivesTo evaluate parent knowledge and belief changes following the MySmileBuddy (MSB) early childhood caries (ECC) intervention.MethodsPre‐ and post‐intervention surveys were completed by 669 parents of children with visually‐evident ECC from among 977 participants in a 6–12‐month pragmatic community‐based caries management trial administered by community health workers (CHWs). Six domains of knowledge about caries and motivating and facilitating determinants were assessed via 26 survey items. Principal components analysis and reliability testing reduced dataset dimensionality. Parent and CHW characteristics were analyzed as potential moderators. Paired T‐tests measured pre‐to‐post‐intervention changes. Generalized estimating equations accounted for within‐participant correlation with significance set at p < 0.05.ResultsTwenty items consolidated into five factors (saliva, hygiene, diet, seriousness/susceptibility, and outcome expectations). Six additional items were evaluated individually. Positive post‐intervention changes (p < 0.0001) were observed across all factors and all but one individual item (tooth decay is very common). Greatest knowledge increases related to caries as a bacterial disease in two measures, the saliva factor and a single caries belief item tooth decay is an infectious disease (0.59 unit increase, 95% CI [0.55, 0.64] and 0.46 unit increase, 95% CI [0.4, 0.51], respectively), and in the value of fluoridated water over bottled (0.46 unit increase, 95% CI [0.39–0.53]). Most parents improved knowledge of ECC salivary (72%) and dietary risks (57%), and preventative hygiene behaviors (59%).ConclusionsMSB enhanced knowledge and beliefs about caries and confirmed hypothesized mediators of behavior change among parents of high‐risk children. Engaging peer‐like CHW interventionists may have moderated intervention effects, warranting further exploration.
Genomic insights on conservation priorities for North Sea houting and European lake whitefish (Coregonusspp.)
Authors: Tengstedt Aja Noersgaard Buur , Liu Shenglin , Jacobsen Magnus W. , Gundlund Camilla , Møller Peter Rask , Berg Søren , Bekkevold Dorte , Hansen Michael M. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractPopulation genomics analysis holds great potential for informing conservation of endangered populations. We focused on a controversial case of European whitefish (Coregonusspp.) populations. The endangered North Sea houting is the only coregonid fish that tolerates oceanic salinities and was previously considered a species (C. oxyrhinchus) distinct from European lake whitefish (C. lavaretus). However, no firm evidence for genetic‐based salinity adaptation has been available. Also, studies based on microsatellite and mitogenome data suggested surprisingly recent divergence (c. 2500 years bp) between houting and lake whitefish. These data types furthermore have provided no evidence for possible inbreeding. Finally, a controversial taxonomic revision recently classified all whitefish in the region asC. maraena, calling conservation priorities of houting into question. We used whole‐genome and ddRAD sequencing to analyse six lake whitefish populations and the only extant indigenous houting population. Demographic inference indicated post‐glacial expansion and divergence between lake whitefish and houting occurring not long after the Last Glaciation, implying deeper population histories than previous analyses. Runs of homozygosity analysis suggested not only high inbreeding (FROHup to 30.6%) in some freshwater populations but alsoFROHup to 10.6% in the houting prompting conservation concerns. Finally, outlier scans provided evidence for adaptation to high salinities in the houting. Applying a framework for defining conservation units based on current and historical reproductive isolation and adaptive divergence led us to recommend that the houting be treated as a separate conservation unit regardless of species status. In total, the results underscore the potential of genomics to inform conservation practices, in this case clarifying conservation units and highlighting populations of concern.
A dynamic graph deep learning model with multivariate empirical mode decomposition for network‐wide metro passenger flow prediction
Authors: Huang Hao , Mao Jiannan , Kang Leilei , Lu Weike , Zhang Sijia , Liu Lan 
Published: April 2024

AbstractNetwork‐wide short‐term passenger flow prediction is critical for the operation and management of metro systems. However, it is challenging due to the inherent non‐stationarity, nonlinearity, and spatial–temporal dependencies within passenger flow. To tackle these challenges, this paper introduces a hybrid model called multi‐scale dynamic propagation spatial–temporal network (MSDPSTN). Specifically, the model employs multivariate empirical mode decomposition to jointly decompose the multivariate passenger flow into multi‐scale intrinsic mode functions. Then, a set of dynamic graphs is developed to reveal the passenger propagation law in metro networks. Based on the representation, a deep learning model is proposed to achieve multistep passenger flow prediction, which employs the dynamic propagation graph attention network with long short‐term memory to extract the spatial–temporal dependencies. Extensive experiments conducted on a real‐world dataset from Chengdu, China, validate the superiority of the proposed model. Compared to state‐of‐the‐art baselines, MSDPSTN reduces the mean absolute error, root mean squared error, and mean absolute percentage error by at least 3.243%, 4.451%, and 4.139%, respectively. Further quantitative analyses confirm the effectiveness of the components in MSDPSTN. This paper contributes to addressing inherent features of passenger flow to enhance prediction performance, offering critical insights for decision‐makers in implementing real‐time operational strategies.
Streptococcus salivarius ameliorates the destructive effect on the epithelial barrier by inhibiting the growth of Prevotella melaninogenica via metabolic acid production
Authors: Zhu Pingyi , Shao Ruru , Xu Pan , Zhao Ruowen , Zhao Chen , Fei Jian , He Yuan 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundOral lichen planus (OLP) is one of the most common oral mucosal diseases, exhibiting a higher prevalence in women than men, but its pathogenesis is still unclear. Current research suggests that microbial dysbiosis may play an important role in the pathogenesis of OLP. Our previous research has found that the increase of Prevotella melaninogenica and decrease of Streptococcus salivarius have been identified as a potential pathogenic factor in OLP. Consequently, the objective of this study is to examine whether S. salivarius can counteract the detrimental effects of P. melaninogenica on the integrity of the epithelial barrier function.Materials and methodsEpithelial barrier disruption was induced by P. melaninogenica in human keratinocytes (HaCaT cells). HaCaT cells were pretreated with S. salivarius(MOI = 20) or cell‐free supernatant for 3 h, followed by treatment with P. melaninogenica (MOI = 5) for 3 h. The epithelial barrier integrity of HaCaT cells was detected by FD4 permeability. The mRNA level of tight junction protein was detected by quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Immunofluorescence and Western Blot were used to detect the protein expression of zonula occludin‐1 (ZO‐1). The serial dilution‐spotting assay was applied to monitor the viability of P. melaninogenica at the end of 8 and 24 h incubation.ResultsChallenge by P. melaninogenica decreased the levels of tight junction proteins, including occludin, ZO‐1, and claudin in HaCaT cells. S. salivarius or its cell‐free supernatant inhibited the down‐regulation of ZO‐1 mRNA and protein expression levels induced by P. melaninogenica and thus improved the epithelial barrier function. The inhibitory effect of the cell‐free supernatant of S. salivarius on the growth of P. melaninogenica is associated with metabolic acid production rather than with bacteriocins and hydrogen peroxide.ConclusionsThese results suggest that live S. salivarius or its cell‐free supernatant significantly ameliorated the disruption of epithelial tight junctions induced by P. melaninogenica, likely through the inhibition of P. melaninogenica growth mediated by metabolic acid production.
Chinese guidelines for the diagnosis and management of atrial fibrillation
Authors: Ma Changsheng , Wu Shulin , Liu Shaowen , Han Yaling 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAtrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common sustained cardiac arrhythmia, significantly impacting patients' quality of life and increasing the risk of death, stroke, heart failure, and dementia. Over the past two decades, there have been significant breakthroughs in AF risk prediction and screening, stroke prevention, rhythm control, catheter ablation, and integrated management. During this period, the scale, quality, and experience of AF management in China have greatly improved, providing a solid foundation for the development of the guidelines for the diagnosis and management of AF. To further promote standardized AF management, and apply new technologies and concepts to clinical practice timely and fully, the Chinese Society of Cardiology of Chinese Medical Association and the Heart Rhythm Committee of Chinese Society of Biomedical Engineering jointly developed the Chinese Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Management of Atrial Fibrillation. The guidelines comprehensively elaborated on various aspects of AF management and proposed the CHA2DS2‑VASc‑60 stroke risk score based on the characteristics of the Asian AF population. The guidelines also reevaluated the clinical application of AF screening, emphasized the significance of early rhythm control, and highlighted the central role of catheter ablation in rhythm control.
Penal state power in Latin America: Cases, concepts and questions for the political sociology of penality
Authors: Santos Maria‐Fátima 
Published: April 2024

AbstractExamining penality across different regions and periods of time allows us to develop both a robust empirical imaginary and conceptual understanding of the commonalities and variation in how penal state power operates. In this article I elaborate key dimensions of penality in contemporary Latin America. Since the late 20th century, Latin American countries have undergone economic and political transformations with profound effects for the organization of their societies and the features and implications of penal state power. First, I situate research on penal state practices in Latin American countries within the broader dynamics of violence and social conflict across the region. Second, I review scholarship on the relationship between the features of penal state policies and reform in the region and the transformative, procedural and cultural dimensions of democracy. Third, I describe initiatives to expand state capacities to incarcerate criminalized people at an unprecedented scale and clarify the relationship of carceral administration to social order and political legitimacy across Latin America. I then conclude by elaborating how penality in Latin America contributes to our broader understanding of the relationship between penal power, state authority, and inequality; and I highlight three lines of inquiry for future research.
Examining the trajectory of relational conflict leading up to and after an anticipated stressor
Authors: DiGiovanni Ana M. , Gresham Abriana M. , Yip‐Bannicq Marika , Bolger Niall 
Published: April 2024

AbstractA wealth of research suggests that as stress increases, so does conflict in close relationships. But is this always the case? Specifically, how does the trajectory of conflict unfold in the period before and after an acute and anticipated major life stressor? We capitalize on a 44‐day dyadic diary where one partner was preparing for the New York State Bar Exam (N = 312 couples) to explore the trajectory of conflict leading up to the exam, as well as how these patterns differed once exams finished. Results revealed that examinees and partners reported statistically meaningful decreases in conflict as exams approached, which contrasts prior research. This was followed by a spike in the likelihood of conflict immediately after exams were finished, and a quick return to low likelihoods of conflict one week after exams. This work highlights how couples, even in the face of stress, regulate their emotions and engage in relationship maintenance processes. However, relationship frustrations tend to be expressed—resulting in conflict—once the stressor is over. Not only does this work inform theories about relational conflict during times of stress, but it also highlights the need to study the dynamics of stress before, during, and after meaningful life events.
From fear to hate: Sources of anti‐Asian sentiment during COVID‐19
Authors: Dai Yaoyao , Gao Jingjing , Radford Benjamin J. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractObjectiveThis paper seeks to explain and empirically test how a public health crisis, such as the COVID‐19 pandemic, might lead to discriminatory attitudes and behaviors against marginalized groups.MethodWe identify four causal mechanisms that may account for the increase in anti‐Asian racism during COVID‐19. Using a large data set of geolocated COVID‐19‐related tweets in the U.S., we examine the spatiotemporal pattern of anti‐Asian sentiment on Twitter and test all four mechanisms that link the crisis to the behaviors of “othering” and “scapegoating.”ResultsWe find evidence consistent with the elite cueing, perceived threat, and grievance mechanisms. The president's scapegoating rhetoric significantly increased anti‐Asian hate tweets across all counties. In addition, high COVID‐19 infection rates and grievances from containment policies are also associated with greater numbers of anti‐Asian hate tweets. On the other hand, counties with larger vulnerable populations do not seem to have more anti‐Asian hate tweets.ConclusionsWe demonstrate that a crisis alone does not necessarily lead to othering behavior, while elite rhetoric can significantly influence the public's opinion and behavior during a crisis.