bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Soil fungal and bacterial communities reflect differently tundra vegetation state transitions and soil physico‐chemical properties
Authors: Huusko Karoliina , Manninen Outi H. , Myrsky Eero , Stark Sari 
Published: May 2024

Summary

Strong disturbances may induce ecosystem transitions into new alternative states that sustain through plant–soil interactions, such as the transition of dwarf shrub‐dominated into graminoid‐dominated vegetation by herbivory in tundra. Little evidence exists on soil microbial communities in alternative states, and along the slow process of ecosystem return into the predisturbance state.

We analysed vegetation, soil microbial communities and activities as well as soil physico‐chemical properties in historical reindeer enclosures in northernmost Finland in the following plot types: control heaths in the surrounding tundra; graminoid‐dominated; ‘shifting’; and recovered dwarf shrub‐dominated vegetation inside enclosures.

Soil fungal communities followed changes in vegetation, whereas bacterial communities were more affected by soil physico‐chemical properties. Graminoid plots were characterized by moulds, pathotrophs and dark septate endophytes. Ericoid mycorrhizal and saprotrophic fungi were typical for control and recovered plots. Soil microbial communities inside the enclosures showed historical contingency, as their spatial variation was high in recovered plots despite the vegetation being more homogeneous.

Self‐maintaining feedback loops between plant functional types, soil microbial communities, and carbon and nutrient mineralization act effectively to stabilize alternative vegetation states, but once predisturbance vegetation reestablishes itself, soil microbial communities and physico‐chemical properties return back towards their predisturbance state.
Subjectivity through the lens of Guattari: A key concept for nursing
Authors: Lavoie Jasmine , Laurin Annie‐Claude , Martin Patrick 
Published: May 2024

AbstractFélix Guattari, a French philosopher and psychotherapist often recognized for his collaboration with Gilles Deleuze, also published important work of his own. The way he conceptualizes subjectivity and schizoanalysis (later developed into institutional analysis) can incite us to interpret our social contexts differently and to help frame an emancipatory path in nursing. At La Borde, a psychiatric clinic, subjectivity was seen as the real power that lies within the institutions; invisible and flowing through all levels of the hierarchal structure—like waves—each of them unique but still part of the same ocean. Even with its elusive character, this concept can be wielded through psychotherapeutic techniques of analysis which aim to reduce hierarchies, encourage collaborations, decentralize levers of power and promote initiatives that arise from the base. These concepts deserve further exploration when it comes to modern institutional issues like the ones present in Quebec's (Canada) healthcare system. Therefore, this article borrows theorizations elaborated through psychotherapy and applies them to the hospital institution which is seen as an organized, stable structure (the molar line), while paying attention to fluid, changing processes and the multiplicity of desires for transformation (the molecular line), to promote nursing movements that escape and abolish these structures, creating new possibilities and new forms of thinking (the line of flight).
Regulatory networks of senescence‐associated gene‐transcription factors promote degradation in Moso bamboo shoots
Authors: Zhang Wenyu , Shi Man , Yang Kebin , Zhang Junbo , Gao Zhimin , El‐Kassaby Yousry A. , Li Quan , Cao Tingting , Deng Shixin , Qing Hongsheng , Wang Zhikang , Song Xinzhang 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBamboo cultivation, particularly Moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis), holds significant economic importance in various regions worldwide. Bamboo shoot degradation (BSD) severely affects productivity and economic viability. However, despite its agricultural consequences, the molecular mechanisms underlying BSD remain unclear. Consequently, we explored the dynamic changes of BSD through anatomy, physiology and the transcriptome. Our findings reveal ruptured protoxylem cells, reduced cell wall thickness and the accumulation of sucrose and reactive oxygen species (ROS) during BSD. Transcriptomic analysis underscored the importance of genes related to plant hormone signal transduction, sugar metabolism and ROS homoeostasis in this process. Furthermore, BSD appears to be driven by the coexpression regulatory network of senescence‐associated gene transcription factors (SAG‐TFs), specifically PeSAG39, PeWRKY22 and PeWRKY75, primarily located in the protoxylem of vascular bundles. Yeast one‐hybrid and dual‐luciferase assays demonstrated that PeWRKY22 and PeWRKY75 activate PeSAG39 expression by binding to its promoter. This study advanced our understanding of the molecular regulatory mechanisms governing BSD, offering a valuable reference for enhancing Moso bamboo forest productivity.
Short tandem repeat expansions in cortical layer‐specific genes implicate in phenotypic severity and adaptability of autism spectrum disorder
Authors: Kim Jae Hyun , Koh In Gyeong , Lee Hyeji , Lee Gang‐Hee , Song Da‐Yea , Kim Soo‐Whee , Kim Yujin , Han Jae Hyun , Bong Guiyoung , Lee Jeewon , Byun Heejung , Son Ji Hyun , Kim Ye Rim , Lee Yoojeong , Kim Justine Jaewon , Park Jung Woo , Kim Il Bin , Choi Jung Kyoon , Jang Ja‐Hyun , Trost Brett , Lee Junehawk , Kim Eunjoon , Yoo Hee Jeong , An Joon‐Yong 
Published: May 2024

AimShort tandem repeats (STRs) are repetitive DNA sequences and highly mutable in various human disorders. While the involvement of STRs in various genetic disorders has been extensively studied, their role in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) remains largely unexplored. In this study, we aimed to investigate genetic association of STR expansions with ASD using whole genome sequencing (WGS) and identify risk loci associated with ASD phenotypes.MethodsWe analyzed WGS data of 634 ASD families and performed genome‐wide evaluation for 12,929 STR loci. We found rare STR expansions that exceeded normal repeat lengths in autism cases compared to unaffected controls. By integrating single cell RNA and ATAC sequencing datasets of human postmortem brains, we prioritized STR loci in genes specifically expressed in cortical development stages. A deep learning method was used to predict functionality of ASD‐associated STR loci.ResultsIn ASD cases, rare STR expansions predominantly occurred in early cortical layer‐specific genes involved in neurodevelopment, highlighting the cellular specificity of STR‐associated genes in ASD risk. Leveraging deep learning prediction models, we demonstrated that these STR expansions disrupted the regulatory activity of enhancers and promoters, suggesting a potential mechanism through which they contribute to ASD pathogenesis. We found that individuals with ASD‐associated STR expansions exhibited more severe ASD phenotypes and diminished adaptability compared to non‐carriers.ConclusionShort tandem repeat expansions in cortical layer‐specific genes are associated with ASD and could potentially be a risk genetic factor for ASD. Our study is the first to show evidence of STR expansion associated with ASD in an under‐investigated population.
Cross‐attention neural network for land cover change detection with remote sensing images
Authors: Lv Zhiyong , Zhong Pingdong , Wang Wei , Sun Weiwei , Lei Tao , Nicola Falco 
Published: May 2024

AbstractLand cover change detection (LCCD) with remote sensing images (RSIs) is important for observing the land cover change of the Earth's surface. Considering the insufficient performance of the traditional self‐attention mechanism used in a neural network to smoothen the noise of LCCD with RSIs, in this study a novel cross‐attention neural network (CANN) was proposed for improving the performance of LCCD with RSIs. In the proposed CANN, a cross‐attention mechanism was achieved by employing another temporal image to enhance attention performance and improve detection accuracies. First, a feature difference module was embedded in the backbone of the proposed CANN to generate a change magnitude image and guide the learning progress. A self‐attention module based on the cross‐attention mechanism was then proposed and embedded in the encoder of the proposed network to make the network pay attention to the changed area. Finally, the encoded features were decoded to obtain binary change detection with the ArgMax function. Compared with five methods, the experimental results based on six pairs of real RSIs well demonstrated the feasibility and superiority of the proposed network for achieving LCCD with RSIs. For example, the improvement for overall accuracy for the six pairs of real RSIs improved by our proposed approach is about 0.72–2.56%.
The long wavelength limit of periodic solutions of water wave models
Authors: Bona J. L. , Chen H. , Hong Y. , Panthee M. , Scialom M. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe present essay is concerned with providing rigorous justification of a long‐standing practice in numerical simulation of partial differential equations. Theory often sets initial‐value problems on all of or . If the initial data are localized in space, it has been usual practice to approximate the problem by an associated periodic problem or a homogeneous Dirichlet problem set on a finite interval. While these strategies are commonplace, rigorous justification of the practice is sparse. It is our purpose here to indicate justification of this practice in the concrete context of a surface water wave model. While the theory worked out here is specific to the particular partial differential equation, it will be apparent to the reader that more general results may be derived using the same approach.
Semiparametric efficient estimation in high‐dimensional partial linear regression models
Authors: Fu Xinyu , Huang Mian , Yao Weixin 
Published: May 2024

AbstractWe introduce a novel semiparametric efficient estimation procedure for high‐dimensional partial linear regression models to overcome the challenge of efficiency loss of the traditional least‐squares based estimation procedure under unknown error distributions, while enjoying several appealing theoretical properties. The new estimation procedure provides a sparse estimator for the parametric component and achieves the semiparametric efficiency as the oracle maximum likelihood estimator as if the error distribution was known. By employing the penalized estimation and the semiparametric efficiency theory for ultra‐high‐dimensional partial linear model, the procedure enjoys the oracle variable selection property and offers efficiency gain for non‐Gaussian random errors, while maintaining the same efficiency as the least squares‐based estimator for Gaussian random errors. Extensive simulation studies and an empirical application are conducted to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed procedure.
Temporal dynamics of in vitro hemostatic function in platelets cryopreserved using a novel approach for rapid issuance
Authors: Kwan Patrick S. L. , Kirwan Susy , Tuinukuafe Alice , Morley Sarah 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundCurrent procedures for thawing and issuing of cryopreserved platelets (CPPs) are laborious and have remained challenging in emergency settings such as blood banks and military operations. In this prospective study, a novel processing method designed to facilitate the rapid issuance of CPPs with no postthaw handling required was developed and functionally characterized in parallel with standard CPPs manufactured.Study Design and MethodsDouble‐dose plateletpheresis units (n = 42) were cryopreserved at −80°C in 5%–6% dimethyl sulfoxide to produce matched pairs thawed successively over a 27‐month period for comparison between two processing arms. In contrast to the standard CPPs manufactured as standalone units, platelets were frozen in tandem with resuspending plasma in a distinct partition as a single unit in the novel method, herein referred to as tandem CPPs. Postthaw (PT) CPPs from both arms were assessed at PT0‐, 12‐, and 24‐h to measure platelet recovery, R‐time (time to clot initiation; min), and maximum amplitude (MA; clot strength; mm) using thromboelastography.ResultsIn the overall dataset, mean platelet recovery was higher (p < .0005) for tandem CPPs (83.9%) compared with standard CPPs (73.3%) at PT0; mean R‐times were faster (p < .0005) for tandem CPPs (2.5–3.6 min) compared with standard CPPs (3.0–3.8 min); mean MA was higher for tandem CPPs (57.8–59.5 mm) compared with standard CPPs (52.1–55.8 mm) at each postthaw time point (p < .05).ConclusionRobust temporal dynamics of superior hemostatic functionality were established for tandem CPPs over extended cryopreservation up to 27 months and 24 h of postthaw storage.
Reducing blood product wastage through the inter‐hospital redistribution of near‐outdate inventory
Authors: Hajjaj Omar I. , Modi Dimpy , Cameron Tracy , Barty Rebecca , Owens Wendy , Heddle Nancy , Zhang Liying , Thompson Troy , Callum Jeannie 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundHospital transfusion services order blood products to satisfy orders and maintain inventory levels during unexpected periods of increased blood demand. Surplus inventory may outdate before being allocated to a recipient. Blood product outdating is the largest contributor to blood wastage.Study DesignA province‐wide redistribution program was designed and implemented to redistribute near‐outdate plasma protein and related blood products from low‐usage to high‐usage hospitals. Program operations and details are described in this paper. Two transport container configurations were designed and validated for transport of all blood products. A cost‐analysis was performed to determine the effectiveness of this redistribution program.ResultsA total of 130 hospital transfusion services contributed at least one near‐outdate blood product for redistribution between January 2012 and March 2020. These services redistributed 15,499 products through 3412 shipments, preventing the outdating of $17,570,700 CAD worth of product. Program costs were $14,900 for shipping and $30,000 for staffing. Failed time limits or non‐compliance with packing configurations resulted in $388,200 worth of blood products (97 shipments containing 816 products) being discarded. Courier transport delays was the most common reason (42/97; 43%) for transport failure.ConclusionRedistributing near‐outdate blood products between hospitals is a feasible solution to minimize outdating. Despite heterogeneity of Canadian blood product inventory, all products (each with unique storage and transport requirements) were successfully redistributed in one of two validated and simple containers. Total operation costs of this program were small in comparison to the $17.6 million in savings associated with preventing the discard of outdated products.
Swim, Strength, or Combined Programs: Effect on Health-Related Physical Fitness in Adolescents With Down Syndrome
Authors: Suarez-Villadat Borja , Sadarangani Kabir , Corredeira Rui Manuel , Veiga Mario , Villagra Ariel 
Published: May 2024

The adolescent population with Down syndrome (DS) appears to show higher levels of body fat and lower levels of cardiorespiratory fitness or muscle strength than their peers without disabilities. There is a need to create physical activity programs to improve these data. The aim of this research was to determine the effects of a 16-week swimming program, strength program, and combined program (swimming and strength training) on body composition and health-related physical fitness on adolescents with DS and to assess whether there are differences in the results of the different training programs. Forty-five adolescents (17 female and 28 male; average age 15.5 [1.53] years) with DS were recruited and randomized to three groups (swim [n = 15], strength [n = 15], and combined [n = 15]). Results showed that the swim group had significant improvements in all health-related physical fitness variables and there was an improvement in some body-composition variables (p < .05). The strength and combined groups obtained minor improvements in the variables analyzed. In summary, a 16-week swim program consisting of three sessions of 60 min is able to improve levels of body composition and health-related physical fitness in adolescents with DS. The swim training program seems to be more effective in improving body composition and health-related physical fitness than the strength or combined program. These findings could be useful in different special-education centers due to the predisposition shown by the population with DS to this sport modality.
Mandating Women Board Members in Sport Organizations: Change via Coercive Institutional Pressure
Authors: Wilson Kathleen B. , Karg Adam , Sherry Emma , Symons Kasey , Breitbarth Tim 
Published: May 2024

Boosting board representation of women redresses structural unfairness and improves corporate governance and performance. The Change Our Game initiative, running over 3 years statewide in Victoria, Australia, mandated 40% representation of women on state sport boards. At the start, only 44% of state sport boards had 40% women representation; by the mandate deadline, this had increased to 93%. Using an institutional theory lens, the authors qualitatively analyzed four stakeholder groups: mandators, policy champions, operationalists, and mandate targets. Stakeholder sentiments were analyzed pre- and postmandate deadline over 3 years. Sentiments ranged from positive to equivocation to denigration. The mandate’s coercive pressure, supported by institutional legitimacy and work to accelerate changes, led to institutional change and achieved a significant increase in women board members. Change was grounded in strong ethical and cognitive support from mandate champions. Microsocial expressions of denigration and change resistance did not prevent successful change.
It’s Complicated: Examining Connections Between Emotions and Career Stages Among Physical Educators
Authors: Gaudreault Karen Lux , Schulz Denis , Simonton Kelly , Richards Kevin Andrew , Mercier Kevin 
Published: May 2024

Background: Physical education (PE) is a marginalized profession that is socially and emotionally demanding. PE teachers are prone to early career attrition, isolation, and burnout as a result of negative emotional experiences. While these outcomes are customary, little is known about how teachers’ emotions change across their careers. The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between PE Teacher Career Stages and their emotional experiences. Methods: Participants included 31 in-service PE teachers (Mage = 44.70 years, SD = 9.48; M = 15.87 years of teaching) from the United States. Inductive and deductive analyses were used to evaluate the interview data. Results: Themes included: (a) teachers identify within multiple stages/emotions, (b) stakeholder agendas cultivate negative emotions, and (c) the aftermath of the pandemic as a catalyst for frustration. Conclusion: Teachers’ emotions are complex and multidimensional. Exploring teachers’ emotions within different career stages may help prevent early career attrition and increase job satisfaction.
Tracking the tempo of a continental margin arc: Insights from a forearc succession in West Antarctica
Authors: Riley Teal R. , Flowerdew Michael J. , Carter Andrew , Curtis Michael L. , Millar Ian L. , Crame J. Alistair , Whitehouse Martin J. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The Fossil Bluff Group of eastern Alexander Island records the exceptional preservation of more than 8 km of Mesozoic sedimentary rocks deposited into an accretionary forearc basin that developed unconformably above a late Paleozoic accretionary complex, and in proximity to a continental margin arc during a prolonged phase of enhanced magmatism. Through the Mesozoic, the Fossil Bluff Group evolved from a trench-slope environment to a forearc basin sourced from the continental margin arc. During this period, the Antarctic Peninsula’s convergent margin was characterized by episodes of magmatic flare-ups that developed during tectonic compression, crustal thickening, extension, and uplift. U-Pb and Lu-Hf detrital zircon data are used to determine the provenance of the forearc succession and as a monitor of arc magmatic tempos during the late Mesozoic. The magmatic record in the adjacent arc is poorly preserved or partially absent, but the sedimentary record of the forearc basin preserves a largely uninterrupted record of arc magmatism that can be studied with detrital zircon geochronology and geochemistry. The basal succession of the Fossil Bluff Group is sourced from the adjacent accretionary complex, but thereafter it is strongly controlled by the proximal arc in western Palmer Land and is characterized by a mixed arc/recycled signature during episodes of renewed sedimentation. However, the main phases of deposition during the Early Jurassic (ca. 180 Ma), Early Cretaceous (141–131 Ma), and mid-Cretaceous (125–102 Ma) are dominated by arc-only sources. The Lu-Hf isotopic record supports a transition from convergence to extension and a return to convergence during the Mesozoic, which is consistent with accretionary orogens from elsewhere along the West Gondwanan margin. The provenance record during the depositional history of the basin points overwhelmingly to an autochthonous origin; as such, models for parts of the western province of the Antarctic Peninsula being allochthonous are unsupported.
Noncommutative Geometry of Random Surfaces
Authors: Okounkov Andrei 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
We associate a noncommutative curve to a periodic, bipartite, planar dimer model with polygonal boundary. It determines the inverse Kasteleyn matrix and hence all correlations. It may be seen as a quantization of the limit shape construction of Kenyon and the author. We also discuss various directions in which this correspondence may be generalized.
Preparation of High-Labeled Graphene Oxide by Tritium Thermal Activation Method for Application in the Betavoltaic Cell of a Nuclear Battery
Authors: Badun G. A. , Bunyaev V. A. , Chernysheva M. G. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The possibility of tritium introduction into graphene oxide (GO) by tritium thermal activation method was demonstrated. It was established that, in order to produce the highest possible specific radioactivity, thin films of GO with a thickness of 5.6 mg/m2 must be treated with tritium atoms. The experiment conducted at 77 K showed a number of advantages. GO was processed with tritium atoms, the resulting specific activity of [3H]GO reached 2.6 Ci/mg in term of the weight of the initial GO (0.7 Ci/mg after removal of the labile tritium). Specific energy release of [3H]GO with this specific activity is 22.3 W/kg, which is quite sufficient for its application as a component of a nuclear battery.
Nanodiamonds as Lutetium-177 Carriers for Nuclear Medicine
Authors: Kazakov A. G. , Babenya J. S. , Ekatova T. Y. , Vinokurov S. E. , Khvorostinin E. Y. , Ushakov I. A. , Zukau V. V. , Stasyuk E. S. , Nesterov E. A. , Sadkin V. L. , Rogov A. S. , Myasoedov B. F. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The work investigated the sorption of no-carrier-added 177Lu isolated from neutron-irradiated 176Yb2O3, and carrier-added 177Lu obtained by irradiation of natLu2O3, by commercial and oxidized nanodiamonds (NDs) of various grades from aqueous solutions to identify among them a promising carrier for further research in the field of nuclear medicine. A promising sorbent was found: oxidized NDs of the STP grade (ox-STP); conditions for the fast sorption of lutetium with it in an amount equivalent to 1.2 GBq of no-carrier-added 177Lu were determined, which corresponds to the activity used in therapy.