bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Thermal Equator on Earth and Mars
Authors: McKay Christopher P. , Cintron Mateo N. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The thermal equator (also known as the heat equator) is the circumplanetary set of points that represent the highest mean annual temperature at each longitude. Recent high precision global datasets for Earth and Mars provide a basis for a detailed calculation of the thermal equator on these worlds. On Earth, the temperature values that comprise the thermal equator range from 25.85° to 34.75°C, with a mean of 27.75° ± 1.3°C, and extends in latitude as high as 20°N in Mexico and 29.3°N in the Indian subcontinent. The maximum southern extent is 20°S in Australia. On Mars, lacking oceans, the thermal equator takes a simpler track and is roughly parallel to the equator, and displaced 5°–10°S. However, there is a region of longitude on Mars where the thermal equator becomes bimodal with a northern branch centered at 10°N and a southern branch centered at 20°S.
Associations between TCA cycle plasma metabolites and fatigue in black females with systemic lupus erythematosus: An untargeted metabolomics pilot study
Authors: Kimble Laura P. , Khosroshahi Arezou , Brewster Glenna S. , Dunbar Sandra B. , Ryan Dylan , Carlson Nicole , Eldridge Ron , Houser Madelyn , Corwin Elizabeth 
Published: June 2024

Objective In this pilot study, we used untargeted metabolomics to identify biochemical mechanisms or biomarkers potentially underlying SLE-related fatigue. Methods Metabolon conducted untargeted metabolomic plasma profiling using ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry on plasma samples of 23 Black females with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and 21 no SLE controls. Fatigue phenotypes of general fatigue, physical fatigue, mental fatigue, reduced activity, and reduced motivation were measured with the reliable and valid Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory (MFI). Results A total of 290 metabolites were significantly different between the SLE and no SLE groups, encompassing metabolites related to glycolysis, TCA cycle activity, heme catabolism, branched chain amino acids, fatty acid metabolism, and steroids. Within the SLE group, controlling for age and co-morbidities, TCA cycle metabolites of alpha-ketoglutarate (AKG) and succinate were statistically significantly associated ( p < .05) with physical and general fatigue. Conclusion While pervasive perturbations in the entire TCA cycle have been implicated as a potential mechanism for fatigue, our results suggest individual metabolites of AKG and succinate may be potential biomarkers or targets of intervention for fatigue symptom management in SLE. Additionally, perturbations in heme metabolism in the SLE group provide additional insights into mechanisms that promote systemic inflammation.
Cultural Perspective on Emotional Intelligence and Behaviour Patterns Among Adolescents in Gujarat and Maharashtra
Authors: Dubey Divya , Kewalramani Soni , Sanyal Shubhra 
Published: June 2024

Background Understanding the complex interplay between emotional intelligence and behaviour patterns among adolescents holds a pivotal role in shaping their developmental trajectories and overall well-being. Adolescence, marked by rapid physical, emotional and cognitive changes, is a critical phase where emotional skills and behavioural tendencies are particularly malleable. Purpose The study investigates the interplay between emotional intelligence and behaviour patterns among adolescents in Gujarat and Maharashtra, India. The research objectives encompassed assessing emotional intelligence levels, exploring gender differences and examining the relationship between emotional intelligence and behaviour patterns. Methods The research design employed ex post facto methodology, collecting data from 740 adolescents across CBSE schools. Validated measures for emotional intelligence and criminal propensity were utilized. Results The results revealed the impact of gender, regions and their interaction on different dimensions of emotional intelligence and criminal propensity. While some dimensions were significantly influenced by these factors, others remained unaffected. The correlation analysis underscored intricate relationships between emotional intelligence dimensions and criminal propensity. Conclusion The study contributes valuable insights into the dynamics of Emotional Intelligence and Behaviour Patterns among adolescents, highlighting the need for targeted interventions and support systems. These findings hold implications for educators, parents and policymakers in fostering Emotional Intelligence development and curbing potential Behavioural concerns among adolescents.
Analysis of Prescription Pattern, Treatment, and Clinical Outcome in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Patients at Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital
Authors: Savaliya Shital , Modi Krishna , Singh Anil , Piparva Kiran 
Published: June 2024

Background and Aims: A major economic and social burden is associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), an incurable lung illness that affects people all over the world. With a rising incidence rate, COPD is predicted to overtake all other causes of mortality by 2030. This study employs the BMI, Obstruction, Dyspnea scale, exercise tolerance (BODE) index as a multidimensional staging approach to evaluate the prescription pattern, safety, and efficacy of therapy in patients with COPD. The body mass index (BMI), forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), modified british medical research council questionnaire (MMRC) Dyspnoea scale, and the 6-minute walk test are among the factors that the BODE index uses to classify the severity of an illness. Methods: An observational and prospective study was conducted at a government teaching hospital’s outpatient department for one and a half years. Demographic, clinical, and treatment data were collected from patients with COPD, and severity was assessed using the BODE index. The study aimed to evaluate prescription trends, treatment effectiveness, and safety, with primary and secondary objectives. Results: Out of 100 enrolled participants, 79 completed follow-ups. Sociodemographic analysis revealed a male predominance (83.54%), with the highest prevalence in the 51–70 age group. Most patients exhibited moderate COPD severity (51.9%), based on the BODE index. Prescriptions included inhalation therapy (94.94%), predominantly combining corticosteroids and bronchodilators. Assessing treatment effectiveness, the BODE index significantly improved over 6 months ( P = 0.0002), demonstrating reduced disease severity. Adverse drug reactions occurred in 13.92% of participants, primarily mild in nature. Conclusion: The study highlights prevalent prescription patterns, emphasising inhalation therapy, and demonstrates the effectiveness and safety of the selected treatments using the BODE index. The findings underscore the importance of tailored therapeutic approaches in COPD management.
Dual-Energy Computed Tomography Parameters Combined With Inflammatory Indicators Predict Cervical Lymph Node Metastasis in Papillary Thyroid Cancer
Authors: Wei Longyu , Wu Yaoyuan , Bo Juan , Fu Baoyue , Sun Mingjie , Zhang Yu , Xiong Baizhu , Dong Jiangning 
Published: June 2024

Background and Objective Cervical lymph node metastasis (CLNM) is considered a marker of papillar Fethicy thyroid cancer (PTC) progression and has a potential impact on the prognosis of PTC. The purpose of this study was to screen for predictors of CLNM in PTC and to construct a predictive model to guide the surgical approach in patients with PTC. Methods This is a retrospective study. Preoperative dual-energy computed tomography images of 114 patients with pathologically confirmed PTC between July 2019 and April 2023 were retrospectively analyzed. The dual-energy computed tomography parameters [iodine concentration (IC), normalized iodine concentration (NIC), the slope of energy spectrum curve (λHU)] of the venous stage cancer foci were measured and calculated. The independent influencing factors for predicting CLNM were determined by univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis, and the prediction models were constructed. The clinical benefits of the model were evaluated using decision curves, calibration curves, and receiver operating characteristic curves. Results The statistical results show that NIC, derived neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (dNLR), prognostic nutritional index (PNI), gender, and tumor diameter were independent predictors of CLNM in PTC. The AUC of the nomogram was .898 (95% CI: .829-.966), and the calibration curve and decision curve showed that the prediction model had good predictive effect and clinical benefit, respectively. Conclusion The nomogram constructed based on dual-energy CT parameters and inflammatory prognostic indicators has high clinical value in predicting CLNM in PTC patients.
Meperidine compared to morphine for rigors associated with monoclonal antibody-related infusion reactions
Authors: Yakubi Hanna , Steele Aaron Paul , Tsao Megan 
Published: June 2024

Introduction Infusion reactions, characterized by symptoms such as rigors, fever, and hypotension, are common adverse events that occur during monoclonal antibody (MAB) therapy. The treatment of rigors often involves opioids, most commonly meperidine, despite limited evidence supporting use in the setting of MAB infusions. This study aims to compare the efficacy and safety of intravenous (IV) meperidine and morphine is treatment of MAB-related rigors, filling a significant gap in the literature. Methods This was a single-center, retrospective cohort study which reviewed patients either inpatient or within outpatient infusion centers from January 2015 to January 2024. Patients receiving IV 2 mg morphine or 25 mg meperidine for MAB-related rigors were included. The primary outcome was defined as the number of opioid doses required for rigors ablation. Secondary outcomes included rates of naloxone administration and documented sedation. Results A total of 1251 administration events were screened, of which 127 and 26 rigor events were in the meperidine and morphine cohorts, respectively, were included. A majority of both cohorts required only one dose of either agent for rigors ablation with <20% of either cohort requiring 2 or more doses (p = 0.539). Low rates of sedation were observed in both groups. Conclusion Both meperidine and morphine effectively manage MAB-related rigors within minimal safety concerns. These findings suggest that morphine is a suitable alternative to meperidine for this indication, which may influence future formulary decision, provide alternatives for drug shortage, and optimize supportive care for patients undergoing MAB therapy.
Intracranial Infections Arising From an Odontogenic Infection: A Report of 2 Cases
Authors: Attouchi Ikram , Dammak Nouha , Zouaghi Hela , Ben Khelifa Mohamed 
Published: June 2024

Introduction: Intracranial empyema is a rare but serious and life-threatening infection. It is an accumulation of purulent material in the subdural or extradural space leading to development of subdural empyema or intracranial epidural abscess, respectively. The incidence of morbidity and mortality is high because the diagnosis is often unsuspected. Infections of dental origin could be responsible for such condition. Case reports: A 22-year-old female and 30-year-old male patients, both with no significant medical history, presented with subdural empyema and intracranial epidural abscess, respectively, both complicating pan-sinusitis of dental origin. Successful outcomes were achieved with surgical drainage of the lesions, antibiotic therapy, and extraction of affected teeth. Female patient underwent further management for neurological sequelae, while male patient was discharged without neurological complications. Discussion: Intracranial suppuration of odontogenic origin is an uncommon but extremely serious complication. The most common dental origins are caries with periapical involvement and periodontitis. Wisdom tooth extraction is the most common preceding dental procedure for this infection. A multidisciplinary approach is essential for the identification and treatment of suspected oral sources. Antibiotic therapy with surgical approach is the gold standard treatment. Conclusion: This sequel to odontogenic infection is quite rare, but it can be prevented by a good oral hygiene and removal of abscessed teeth.
Total Endovascular Repair of a Giant Iliac Vein Aneurysm: A Case Report and Review of Literature
Authors: Chatzelas Dimitrios A. , Pitoulias Apostolos G. , Tsamourlidis Georgios V. , Zampaka Theodosia N. , Potouridis Anastasios G. , Tachtsi Maria D. , Pitoulias Georgios A. 
Published: June 2024

Purpose: The iliac veins are the least frequent location for venous aneurysms, with only a few cases described globally. The etiology and clinical presentation of this extremely rare entity is diverse and unclear and no treatment consensus has been reached yet. Our purpose is to present an interesting iliac vein aneurysm (IVA) case that we treated in our department, with a brief review of the literature. Case report: We report a case of a 74-year-old male patient with a giant, 55 mm in diameter, asymptomatic, right common IVA, with concurrent aplasia of the left common iliac vein and an extensive network of venous collaterals. The patient was treated, under general anesthesia, with total endovascular iliocaval reconstruction through implantation of a 32 × 100 mm thoracic aortic tubular Ankura stent graft. The computed tomography venography at first-month follow-up showed the complete exclusion of the IVA, without any endoleak and the patient remains up to date free of symptoms and thromboembolic events. Conclusion: Twelve cases of endovascular treatment of IVA have been reported so far, and our case is the first with implantation of a thoracic aortic stent graft. Our results suggest that this technique is safe, effective, and may be considered for appropriately selected patients. Clinical Impact This is the first case with total endovascular repair of an iliac vein aneurysm with contralateral iliac vein aplasia through endovenous implantation of a thoracic aortic stent-graft. Our results suggest that this technique is safe and effective and thus, may be considered for appropriately selected cases.
Making it transparent: A worked example of articulating programme theory for a digital health application using Intervention Mapping
Authors: Marcos Tamika A. , Crutzen Rik , Leitner Veronika , Smeddinck Jan D. , Strumegger Eva-Maria , Wurhofer Daniela , Kulnik Stefan T. 
Published: June 2024

Objective Digital health interventions for behaviour change are usually complex interventions, and intervention developers should ‘articulate programme theory’, that is, they should offer detailed descriptions of individual intervention components and their proposed mechanisms of action. However, such detailed descriptions often remain lacking. The objective of this work was to provide a conceptual case study with an applied example of ‘articulating programme theory’ for a newly developed digital health intervention. Methods Intervention Mapping methodology was applied to arrive at a detailed description of programme theory for a newly developed digital health intervention that aims to support cardiac rehabilitation patients in establishing heart-healthy physical activity habits. Based on a Predisposing, Reinforcing, and Enabling Constructs in Educational Diagnosis and Evaluation (PRECEDE) logic model of the problem, a logic model of change was developed. The proposed mechanisms of action were visualised in an acyclic behaviour change diagram. Results Programme theory for this digital health intervention includes 4 sub-behaviours of the main target behaviour (i.e. habitual heart-healthy physical activity), 8 personal determinants and 12 change objectives (i.e. changes needed at the determinant level to achieve the sub-behaviours). These are linked to 12 distinct features of the digital health intervention and 12 underlying behaviour change methods. Conclusions This case study offers a worked example of articulating programme theory for a digital health intervention using Intervention Mapping. Intervention developers and researchers may draw on this example to replicate the method, or to reflect on most suitable approaches for their own behaviour change interventions.
Augmented cement shelf acetabuloplasty to improve hip stability in elderly patients with recurrent hemiarthroplasty dislocations
Authors: Gupta Rajul , Dowell Evan , Le Toan Theodore 
Published: June 2024

Background The treatment of dislocated hip hemiarthroplasty in low-demand elderly patients is controversial due to poor results with closed reduction, and significant complications with exchange arthroplasty. This case series demonstrates the use of a novel, simple surgical technique for hip hemiarthroplasty containment without resorting to exchange arthroplasty. Methods Eleven patients where screw-augmented cement shelf acetabuloplasty procedures were performed were retrospectively identified. All surgeries were performed by a single attending surgeon, at a level-one trauma center, from 2015 to 2022. Previous dislocations, interventions, co-morbidities, mobility level, and posterior wall deficiency were recorded from the patient's charts. The following outcome measures were recorded: operative time, blood loss, perioperative complications, early and late infections, shelf loosening, subsequent dislocations, and the need for additional procedures. Results The median duration between hip hemiarthroplasty and shelf procedure was 56 days. The mean duration of the surgical procedure was only 63 min, and the mean blood loss was only 250 mL. There was only one instance of loosening of the cement shelf. Two patients had surgical site infections leading to sepsis and death. In two patients, the femoral head was exchanged to improve stability. All patients were allowed immediate weight bearing after the procedure. Conclusions Shelf acetabuloplasty is a simple, inexpensive, and safe procedure to salvage recurrent hip hemiarthroplasty dislocation in low-demand patients. Shorter surgical duration, relatively lower blood loss, and immediate weight bearing render this an attractive procedure for this fragile population.
Factors Associated With Quality of Life Among Adolescent With Beta Thalassemia in Indonesia: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Mardhiyah Ai , Panduragan Santhna Letcmi , Mediani Henny Suzana , Yosep Iyus 
Published: June 2024

Introduction Thalassemia is a hereditary condition that causes chronic anemia and is a serious public health concern globally. Quality of life is a concept to help healthcare professional understand the impact of disease or treatment of life. While many quality of life studies have been performed to improve patient care in developed countries, such research and their practical implementation are limited in developing countries such as Indonesia. Objective This study aimed to assess the quality of life in adolescent with thalassemia in Indonesia, and determining its main clinical and demographic correlations. Methods This was a cross-sectional study. Data were collected between December 2020 and May 2021 from patients diagnosed with beta thalassemia in Indonesia. The study involved adolescent diagnosed with thalassemia major and had been officially recorded in the thalassemia association records at least three months prior data collection. TranQOL was used to measure quality of life. Linear regression with enter method was used to determine factors associated with quality of life. Results showed that 63% of thalassemic adolescents were aged at 10 to 15 years old and 76% of them had diagnosed with beta thalassemia at aged less than one year old. About 54% ( n = 130) of the sample were boy and 45% ( n = 108) were junior high school. The highest mean score was reported for physical health (58.3 ± 14.8) and the lowest score was reported for the school and career functioning (52.6 ± 14.3). Age, gender, comorbidity, and hemoglobin concentration explained 10.5% of the variances in the total quality of life. Conclusions The results of this study that thalassemia has a detrimental impact on the quality of life of Indonesian adolescents. Healthcare providers must expand their access to information and abilities in order to fulfill new nursing responsibilities as genetic educators and counselors.
Zygoma Asymmetry in Non-Syndromic Patients with Unilateral Cleft Lip and Palate
Authors: Fotouhi Annahita R. , Chiang Sarah N. , Peterson Andrew M. , Albers Brian , Skolnick Gary B. , Long Katherine D. , Liebendorfer Adam P. , Snyder-Warwick Alison K. , Patel Kamlesh B. 
Published: June 2024

Background: Cleft lip and palate are often accompanied by maxillary asymmetry and midface hypoplasia. However, there has been limited examination of the symmetry of the zygoma in these patients. In this study, computed tomography scans prior to alveolar bone grafting are utilized to examine zygomatic symmetry through width, projection, and volume. Methods: Retrospective review was conducted of patients with nonsyndromic unilateral cleft lip and palate with eligible scans prior to alveolar bone grafting at our institution. Anterior zygomatic width, posterior zygomatic width, and zygomatic projection were measured on axial images oriented to the Frankfort horizontal, and three-dimensional digital models of each zygoma were created from the computed tomography data to estimate zygoma volume. These measurements were then compared on cleft and noncleft sides. Results: Twenty-two patients were included in this study. The mean (95% CI) zygoma volume of the cleft side and non-cleft side was 4219 mm3 (3858-4574 mm3) and 4286 mm3 (3932-4660 mm3), respectively, with a mean difference of −67 mm3 ([−402-266 mm3]; P = .704). The zygomatic projection of the cleft side was 43 mm (41-45 mm) in comparison to 47 cm (45-49 mm) for the non-cleft side. Mean difference in zygomatic projection was −4 mm (−5 to −2 mm, P < .001). Mean anterior zygomatic width was greater on the cleft side (42 mm [41-44 mm]) than the non-cleft side (41 mm [40-42 mm]; P = .037). No significant difference was found between posterior zygomatic width of the cleft side (59 mm [58-60 mm]) and non-cleft side (58 mm [57-59 mm]; P = .118). Conclusions: Upon preoperative image analysis in patients with non-syndromic, unilateral lip and palate clefts, zygomatic projection was significantly different between cleft and non-cleft sides. Evaluation of zygoma asymmetry should be included as a component of the physical exam when assessing a patient with unilateral cleft lip and palate, as improved awareness of existing zygomatic asymmetry could aid in setting patient expectations, improving satisfaction/outcomes, and in planning for potential surgical correction.