bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment of selective elements in serum and hair samples of women with post-COVID-19 alopecia: copper significance
Authors: Kondrakhina Irina , Kondrakhin Alexey , Nikonorov Alexandr , Nikonorova Eugenia , Deryabin Dmitry , Skalny Anatoly , Kubanov Alexey 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Hair loss is an unexpected but fairly common complication after recovering from COVID-19. Often, it is the only symptom of infection. Trace elements and metals play an important role in the pathogenesis of both pathological hair loss and the COVID-19 – however, the existing data on the development of these conditions are fragmentary and contradictory. The aim of the study was to assess the levels of Ca, Fe, Mg, Se, Cu, and Zn in the serum and hair of women with post-COVID alopecia and their relationship with trichogram data. The study included 40 women aged 25–41 with complaints of hair loss and a history of laboratory-confirmed COVID-19. Levels of calcium (Ca), iron (Fe), magnesium (Mg), selenium (Se), copper (Cu), and zinc (Zn) in serum and hair samples were analyzed using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The study showed the development of telogen-type alopecia after recovering from COVID-19. The significant decrease in serum Cu levels was characteristic of post-COVID alopecia, however, no correlation with trichological data was found. In hair, the levels of analyzed trace elements were within reference values. A negative correlation between hair Cu and percent of telogen hairs, and a positive correlation with the anagen hairs in the occipital region were found. This study presents, for the first time, evidence of Cu deficiency in cases of post-COVID-19 alopecia. this fact sets the stage for exploring the potential use of Cu in recommended doses for preventing and treating post-COVID-19 alopecia.
A Computational Model of Auditory Chirp-Velocity Sensitivity and Amplitude-Modulation Tuning in Inferior Colliculus Neurons
Authors: Mitchell Paul W. , Carney Laurel H. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

We demonstrate a model of chirp-velocity sensitivity in the inferior colliculus (IC) that retains the tuning to amplitude modulation (AM) that was established in earlier models. The mechanism of velocity sensitivity is sequence detection by octopus cells of the posteroventral cochlear nucleus, which have been proposed in physiological studies to respond preferentially to the order of arrival of cross-frequency inputs of different amplitudes. Model architecture is based on coincidence detection of a combination of excitatory and inhibitory inputs. Chirp-sensitivity of the IC output is largely controlled by the strength and timing of the chirp-sensitive octopus-cell inhibitory input. AM tuning is controlled by inhibition and excitation that are tuned to the same frequency. We present several example neurons that demonstrate the feasibility of the model in simulating realistic chirp-sensitivity and AM tuning for a wide range of characteristic frequencies. Additionally, we explore the systematic impact of varying parameters on model responses. The proposed model can be used to assess the contribution of IC chirp-velocity sensitivity to responses to complex sounds, such as speech.
A geospatial perspective towards the role of migratory birds and poultry in the spread of Avian Influenza
Authors: Lim Samsung , Jindal Mehak , Stone Haley , McIntyre Raina 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

The unprecedented spread of H5N1 2.3.4.4b since 2020 has resulted in widespread infection in a wider range of avian and mammalian species, raising concerns of a human pandemic. The epidemiologic pattern has shifted from sporadic to persistent, with a shift from Asia to Europe, the Americas and Africa. Cattle farms are now affected in the United States of America. The reason for this spread is unknown. This study investigates the interplay between wild bird migrations, global poultry trading, and the Avian Influenza Virus (AIV) spread, particularly the H5N1 strain, from 2020 to 2023. By examining the migratory behaviors of selected wild birds, we investigated their role in AIV spread, as these birds traverse major flyways from the northern hemisphere to the southern hemisphere, potentially spreading AIV. Concurrently, we analyzed the global poultry trade data to assess its role in AIV's anthropogenic spread, highlighting how human economic activities intersect with natural avian behaviors in disease dynamics. Our findings indicate that both the poultry sector and wild bird migrations significantly contribute to AIV transmission, which helps better understand AIV transmission mechanisms when combined with ecological, epidemiological, and socio-economic perspectives. The results are intended to inform policy-making and strategic planning in wildlife conservation and the poultry trade to improve public health and animal welfare globally.
Unveiling Intersectional Vulnerabilities: Understanding the Varied Impact of COVID-19 Across Diverse Vulnerable Population in South Korea
Authors: Lee Yoonkyoung , Lee Taejin 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background
The global impact of the COVID-19 pandemic has been extensive, affecting individuals unequally. Apart from traditional vulnerable groups, new segments of society have emerged as vulnerable during this pandemic. This study focuses on exploring the economic and psychological effects of the pandemic on both traditional and newly recognized vulnerable groups within Korea.
Methods
The study employed multiple logistic regression using micro-level social survey data from Statistics Korea to calculate the odds ratio relating to two categories of vulnerable groups and their economic and mental health impacts. Additionally, through interaction term analysis, we tried to uncover the complex interrelationship between these non-vulnerable groups and target vulnerable groups.
Results
Both the newly identified and traditional vulnerable groups showed higher likelihood of facing economic and mental health challenges compared to non-vulnerable groups. The likelihood of encountering a decrease in income and work-related stress was 2.17 times higher (95% CI = 1.90–2.47) for NVGs, while those belonging to TVGs had a 1.75-fold increase (95% CI = 1.47–2.08). Moreover, female self-employed workers faced higher overall stress at 1.36 times greater risk (95% CI = 1.08–1.71), whereas elderly individuals who are self-employed exhibited lower odds of experiencing such stress at the intersection between TVGs and NVGs.
Conclusion
This research offers in-depth understanding of the diverse impacts of COVID-19 on at-risk groups. Furthermore, examinations that take into account interactions between NVGs and TVGs uncovered subtle effects within subgroup dynamics, suggesting that intersecting factors play a role in different levels of vulnerability. This provides valuable evidence for informing policy decisions and allocating resources.
Controls on the distribution and fractionation of rare earth elements in recent sediments from the rivers along the west coast of India
Authors: Babu Sk. Sai , Rao V. Purnachandra , Mohan M. Ram 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

The sediments of 90 rivers from 5 states along western India were analysed for their chemistry. The major element ratios of sediments suggest lateritic soils in Kerala, lateritic soils admixed with particulates weathered from Fe-Mn ores in Karnataka and Goa and, non-lateritic soils in Maharashtra and Gujarat. The sediments from Archean-Proterozoic (A-P) terrain are strongly weathered, while those from Deccan Traps (DT) terrain are intermediate to strongly weathered. The ∑REE of sediments from Kerala is much higher than in other states. It shows strong correlation with oxides of Fe, Mn and P from A-P terrain and Al, Fe and Ti from DT terrain and, strong correlation with heavy metals from both terrains. The low Sm/Nd and Y/Ho ratios corresponding to high CIA and, high ratios corresponding to high and low CIA are typical. The PAAS-normalized REE shows LREE- and MREE-enriched patterns in the sediments of Kerala and MREE- and HREE-enriched pattern in other sediments. Distinct positive Ce anomaly occurs in the sediments of Karnataka, Goa and south Maharashtra. The Eu anomaly is negative in the silts of south Kerala and positive in other sediments. The primary sources for REEs are adsorbed REEs onto secondary mineral phases and clay minerals and, heavy minerals. The change in REE patterns is primarily related to the source rock composition. Fractionation of REEs is related to the intensity of chemical weathering, supply of REE and transport processes. The average REE composition of river sediments from peninsular India is more mafic than in UCC and World Rivers Average clay.
Comprehensive mm-Wave FMCW Radar Datasetfor Vital Sign Monitoring: Embracing ExtremePhysiological Scenarios
Authors: Sadeghi Ehsan , Skurule Karina , Chiumento Alessandro , Havinga Paul 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Recent advancements in non-invasive health mon-itoring technologies underscore the potential of mm-WaveFrequency-Modulated Continuous Wave (FMCW) radar in real-time vital sign detection. This paper introduces a novel dataset,the first of its kind, derived from mm-Wave FMCW radar,meticulously capturing heart rate and respiratory rate undervarious conditions. Comprising data from ten participants, in-cluding scenarios with elevated heart rates and participants withdiverse physiological profiles such as asthma and meditationpractitioners, this dataset is validated against the Polar H10sensor, ensuring its reliability for scientific research. This datasetcan offer a significant resource for developing and testingalgorithms aimed at non-invasive health monitoring, promising tofacilitate advancements in remote health monitoring technologies.
Hybrid covariance super-resolution data assimilation
Authors: Barthélémy Sébastien , Counillon François , Brajard Julien , Bertino Laurent 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

The super-resolution data assimilation (SRDA) enhances a low-resolution (LR) model with a Neural Network (NN) having learned the differences between high and low-resolution models offline and performs data assimilation in high-resolution (HR). The method enhances the accuracy of the EnKF-LR system for a minor computational overhead. However, performance quickly saturates when increasing the ensemble size due to the error introduced by the NN. We therefore combine the SRDA with the mixed-resolution data assimilation method (MRDA), into a method called ''Hybrid covariance super-resolution data assimilation" (Hybrid SRDA). The forecast step runs an ensemble at two resolutions (high and low). The assimilation is done in the HR space by performing super-resolution on the LR members with the NN. The assimilation uses the hybrid covariance that combines the emulated and dynamical HR members. The scheme is extensively tested with a quasi-geostrophic model in twin experiments, with the LR grid being twice coarser than the HR. The Hybrid SRDA outperforms the SRDA, the MRDA, and the EnKF-HR at a given computational cost. The benefit is the largest compared to the EnKF-HR for small ensembles but even with larger computational resources it is worth using a mix of high and low resolution members. Besides, the Hybrid SRDA, the EnKF-HR, and the SRDA, unlike the MRDA, prevent the smoothing of dynamical structures of the background error covariance matrix. The Hybrid SRDA method is an attractive solution because it is customizable to available resources.
A New Multi-Mode Adaptive In-Vehicle GNSS Navigation and Positioning Algorithm Based on Environment Perception in Urban Environments
Authors: Ma Wenzhuo , Yue Zhe , Lian Zengzeng , Li Kezhao , Sun Chenchen , Zhang Mengshuo 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

In this paper, we address the current state of the need for accurate real-time positioning of vehicles in urban environments and the low precision of existing Kalman-based in-vehicle GNSS navigation algorithms, considering the fusion of navigation positioning and visual environment perception. we propose a new multi-mode adaptive in-vehicle GNSS navigation and positioning algorithm based on environment perception in urban environments. First, we use low-cost environment perception devices to capture vehicle environment information in real time and determine the vehicle driving state based on vehicle status switching and the optical flow method. Second, based on the already determined vehicle driving state, we adapt the vehicle state model to solve the problem of low precision of existing Kalman-based GNSS vehicle navigation and positioning algorithms. Then, considering that vehicles frequently stop during operation, we accurately determine the vehicle's location information based on the judgment of the vehicle's stationary state. Finally, after verifying the effectiveness and reasonableness of the algorithm through simulation experiments, we design actual in-vehicle navigation experiments, and compared with the common algorithm, our proposed algorithm significantly improves the actual GNSS positioning accuracy of vehicles in urban environments by 27%.
Experience of Mothers with Preterm Newborns in a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit at Nigist Elleni Mohammed Memorial Comprehensive Specialized Hospital in Hossana: A Phenomenological Study
Authors: Eriso Melaku , Selamu Markos , Tumiso Hamdela , Bubamo Bisrat Feleke , Agide Feleke Doyore 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background: The neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) is important to save the lives of preterm newborn babies; however, mothers are challenged by several stressful conditions during their stay. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the experiences of mothers with preterm newborns in a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit at Nigist Elleni Mohammed Memorial Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Hossana, Central Ethiopia.
Methods: A descriptive-phenomenological study was conducted. The data were collected by conducting an in-depth interview and field notes with 13 purposefully selected mothers. The data were collected from September 2023 to February 2024. An inductive thematic analysis approach and Atlas Ti8 Software Version 8.4 were used to code the data. Trustworthiness was ensured by implementing the Guba criteria of credibility, transferability, dependability, and conformability.
Results: A study identified five main themes, 10 sub-themes, and 90 codes. These include the emotional experiences of mothers, mothers’ expectations, the needs of healthcare professionals, health facility-related factors, and perceived incompetence in taking care of preterm infants.
Conclusion: Mothers with preterm babies in the NICU experienced negative emotions. This is demonstrated by the mothers’ responses on shortage of medicine, inadequate laboratory tests, lack of bathroom, inconvenient toilet, and insufficient water. Lack of confidence to care for their infants, despite receiving several avenues of support from nursing staff was raised as an important public health problem. The healthcare providers deliver adequate support to help mothers cope with their infants' hospitalization and improve their confidence to take care of their infants.
Safety and Completion of Prophylactic Treatment for Latent Tuberculosis Infection in Children
Authors: Wang Yi , Niu Yayan , Zhang Jianping , Ye Zhijian , Wu Meiying , Yu Xin 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background
To investigate the safety and completion rate of prophylactic treatment for latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) in children.
Methods
Patients who met the diagnostic criteria for LTBI and voluntarily accepted prophylactic treatment were enrolled from the outpatient department of Suzhou Fifth People’s Hospital from January 1, 2018, to February 28, 2021. According to age, participants were divided into a children's group (≤ 14 years old, 84 cases) and a teenage and adult group (> 14 years old, 69 cases). Depending on the different prophylactic treatment regimens, the completion rate and incidence of adverse drug reactions were compared between the different treatment groups.
Results
Close contact history with a pulmonary tuberculosis patient and malnutrition were the main risk factors for LTBI in children. The incidence of adverse drug reactions among children receiving prophylactic treatment was not higher than that among teenagers and adults, and 3 months isoniazid and rifapentine (3HP), 3 months isoniazid and rifampin (3HR), and 4 months rifampin (4R) regimens had better completion rate. However, the 3HP and 3HR regimens had a greater number of adverse drug reactions, especially the 3HR regimen. Only one patient progressed to active tuberculosis within 2 years of prophylactic treatment.
Conclusion
The 3HP, 3HR, and 4R regimens showed higher completion rates in children with LTBI, while the 4R and 3HP regimens demonstrated better safety. Preventive treatment can significantly reduce the risk of progression from LTBI to active tuberculosis in children.
Systematic review of health research using internet search data
Authors: Thompson Matthew , Chan Calvin , Daniels Elisabeth , Obana Kevin , Taylor James , Grailey Kate , Schneider Renee , Flatley John , Sounderajah Viknesh , Darzi Ara 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Novel types of digital data, including internet search data, have potential to improve understanding of early predictors of serious health conditions and enable timely management. While many studies have used aggregate anonymized search trends in this way, what is less clear is the predictive or diagnostic value of online searches at the individual level. While an increasing number of studies have used these kinds of data, this research method is still emerging. We therefore undertook a systematic review of published research that has assessed the predictive or diagnostic value of individual internet search data. MEDLINE and Embase were searched through March 2024 for studies utilising individual internet search data to predict or diagnose patient disease status. Due to the heterogeneous nature of the design, methodology and reported outcomes of included studies, a narrative synthesis of studies and pre-specified outcomes was performed. Study quality was assessed with the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale and PROBAST tool. Twenty-three studies met the inclusion criteria. Conditions of interest encompassed mental health, neurological conditions, malignancies, and miscellaneous healthcare presentations. Data on individuals’ search history were obtained from search engines using anonymous search queries (Bing, Yahoo!) or from consented participants (Google) where consent rates ranged from 20–70%. Wide variability in AUROC (range: <0.53 to > 0.99), sensitivity (range: 0.44 to 0.81) and F1 score (0.36 to 0.80) were reported. Studies noted a range of predictive linguistic, temporal, and other features (e.g., spelling error frequency). This review demonstrated that the use of individual internet search data holds diagnostic and predictive potential, with evidence of strong associative features. However, there was significant variability regarding conditions of interest, methodology, and predictive models used. Given the common use of internet searches by patients as part of their healthcare journeys, individual search data holds significant potential, and justifies further research, including the use of established diagnoses.
Stock price prediction with SCA-LSTM network and Statistical model ARIMA-GARCH
Authors: Mehtarizadeh Homa , Mansouri Najme , zade Behnam Mohammad Hasani , Hosseini Mohammad Mehdi 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Forecasting the stock market is one of the most challenging things for investors to do to increase their profits. The stock market is predicted using statistical strategies and learning tools. The objective of this study is to predict the closing price of the stock using Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) network modified by Sin-Cosine Algorithm (SCA), Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) and Generalized Auto Regressive Conditional Heteroskedasticity (GARCH) statistical models which is called LSTM-SCA-ARIMA-GARCH model. An evaluation of the proposed method was performed using time series that are of varying stability. In this work, the data of 8 stocks including State Bank of India Network (SBIN), Oracle Corporation (ORCL), Microsoft Corporation (MSFT), Halliburton Company (HAL), Goldman Sachs Group Inc (GS), Cognizant Technology Solution Corporation (CTSH), Bank of America Corp (BAC) and Amazon (AMZN), which included closing stock price have been predicted on a daily and weekly basis, and the daily prediction was more accurate than the weekly prediction. In general, for daily prediction the SCA-LSTM-ARIMA-GARCH model 83.37%, 84.05% and 55.8% better than LSTM, Combination of LSTM and Particle Swarm Algorithm (LSTM-PSO) and LSTM-ARIMA, respectively.
Chronic diesel exhaust exposure induced pulmonary vascular remodeling a potential trajectory for traffic related pulmonary hypertension
Authors: Mu Chaohui , Li Qinghai , Niu Yong , Hu Ting , Li Yanting , wang Tao , Yu Xinjuan , Lv Yiqiao , Tang Huiling , Jiang Jing , Xu Haibin , Zheng Yuxin , Han Wei 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background
As one of the most common traffic-related pollutants, diesel exhaust (DE) confers high risk for cardiovascular and respiratory diseases. However, its impact on pulmonary vessels is still unclear.
Methods
To explore the effects of DE exposure on pulmonary vascular remodeling, our study analyzed the number and volume of small pulmonary vessels in the diesel engine testers (the DET group) from Luoyang Diesel Engine Factory and the controls (the non-DET group) from the local water company, using spirometry and carbon content in airway macrophage (CCAM) in sputum. And then we constructed a rat model of chronic DE exposure, in which 12 rats were divided into the DE group (6 rats with 16-week DE exposure) and the control group (6 rats with 16-week clean air exposure). During right heart catheterization, right ventricular systolic pressure (RVSP) was assessed by manometry. Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) in lung tissues and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were measured by qRT-PCR and ELISA, respectively. Histopathological analysis for cardiovascular remodeling was also performed.
Results
In DET cohort, the number and volume of small pulmonary vessels in CT were positively correlated with CCAM in sputum (P<0.05). Rat model revealed that chronic DE-exposed rats had elevated RVSP, along with increased wall thickness of pulmonary small vessels and right the ventricle. What’s more, the MIF levels in BALF and lung tissues were higher in DE-exposed rats than the controls.
Conclusion
Apart from airway remodeling, DE also induces pulmonary vascular remodeling, which will lead to cardiopulmonary dysfunction.