bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Theoretical investigation on the structures, densities, and detonation properties of polynitrotetraazaoctahydroanthracenes
Authors: Zhao Guozheng , Lu Ming 
Published: December 2011

AbstractThe polynitrotetraazaoctahydroanthracenes were optimized to obtain their molecular geometries and electronic structures at density functional theory–B3LYP/6‐31+G(d) level. Detonation velocities (D) and detonation pressures (P) were estimated for this nitramine compounds using Kamlet‐Jacobs equations, based on the theoretical densities (ρ) and heats of formation. It is found that there are good linear relationships between volume, density, detonation velocity, detonation pressure and the number of nitro group. Thermal stability of the compounds was investigated by calculating the bond dissociation energies and energy gap (ΔELUMO–HOMO). The simulation results reveal that molecule H performs similarly to famous explosive RDX. These results provide basic information for molecular design of novel high energetic density compounds. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
MpAssign: a framework for solving the many‐core platform mapping problem
Authors: Bouchebaba Youcef , Ozcan Ali‐Erdem , Paulin Pierre , Nicolescu Gabriela 
Published: December 2011

SUMMARYMany‐core platforms, providing large numbers of parallel execution resources, emerge as a response to the increasing computation needs of embedded applications. A major challenge raised by this trend is the efficient mapping of applications on parallel resources. This is a nontrivial problem because of the number of parameters to be considered for characterizing both the applications and the underlying platform architectures. Recently, several authors have proposed to use multi‐objective evolutionary algorithm to solve this problem within the context of mapping applications on network‐on‐chips. However, these proposals have several limitations: (1) only few metaheuristics are explored (mainly Nondominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm II and Strength Pareto Evolutionary Algorithm 2), (2) only few objective functions are provided, and (3) they only deal with a small number of the application and architecture constraints. In this paper, we propose a new framework that avoids all of the problems cited previously. Our framework is implemented on top of the jMetal framework, which offers an extensible environment. Our framework allows designers to (1) explore several new metaheuristics, (2) easily add a new objective function (or to use an existing one), and (3) take into account any number of architecture and application constraints. The paper also presents experiments illustrating how our framework is applied to the problem of mapping streaming applications on an NoC‐based many‐core platform. Our results show that several new metaheuristics outperform the classical multi‐objective metaheuristics such as Nondominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm II and Strength Pareto Evolutionary Algorithm 2. Moreover, a parallel multi‐objective evolutionary algorithm is implemented in our framework in order to increase the explored space of solutions by simultaneously running several metaheuristics. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Implantation Site and Lesion Topology Determine Efficacy of a Human Neural Stem Cell Line in a Rat Model of Chronic Stroke
Authors: Smith Edward J. , Stroemer R. Paul , Gorenkova Natalia , Nakajima Mitsuko , Crum William R. , Tang Ellen , Stevanato Lara , Sinden John D. , Modo Michel 
Published: December 2011

Abstract
Stroke remains one of the most promising targets for cell therapy. Thorough preclinical efficacy testing of human neural stem cell (hNSC) lines in a rat model of stroke (transient middle cerebral artery occlusion) is, however, required for translation into a clinical setting. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) here confirmed stroke damage and allowed the targeted injection of 450,000 hNSCs (CTX0E03) into peri-infarct tissue, rather than the lesion cyst. Intraparenchymal cell implants improved sensorimotor dysfunctions (bilateral asymmetry test) and motor deficits (footfault test and rotameter). Importantly, analyses based on lesion topology (striatal vs. striatal + cortical damage) revealed a more significant improvement in animals with a stroke confined to the striatum. However, no improvement in learning and memory (water maze) was evident. An intracerebroventricular injection of cells did not result in any improvement. MRI-based lesion, striatal and cortical volumes were unchanged in treated animals compared to those with stroke that received an intraparenchymal injection of suspension vehicle. Grafted cells only survived after intraparenchymal injection with a striatal + cortical topology resulting in better graft survival (16,026 cells) than in animals with smaller striatal lesions (2,374 cells). Almost 20% of cells differentiated into glial fibrillary acidic protein+ astrocytes, but &lt;2% turned into FOX3+ neurons. These results indicate that CTX0E03 implants robustly recover behavioral dysfunction over a 3-month time frame and that this effect is specific to their site of implantation. Lesion topology is potentially an important factor in the recovery, with a stroke confined to the striatum showing a better outcome compared to a larger area of damage.
Disclosure of potential conflicts of interest is found at the end of this article.
Lymph Node Recurrence in Patients With N1b Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma Who Underwent Unilateral Therapeutic Modified Radical Neck Dissection
Authors: Ito Yasuhiro , Kudo Takumi , Takamura Yuuki , Kobayashi Kaoru , Miya Akihiro , Miyauchi Akira 
Published: December 2011

AbstractBackgroundTherapeutic modified radical neck dissection (MND) is a mandatory surgical procedure for patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) having clinical lateral node metastasis (N1b). However, N1b PTC is still likely to recur in regional lymph nodes after surgery. We investigated the clinicopathological features predicting recurrence in nodes in previously dissected compartments (ipsilateral lateral compartment or central compartment) and nodes in the contralateral lateral compartment for N1b patients who underwent unilateral therapeutic MND.MethodsA total of 744 N1b PTC patients who underwent thyroidectomy with unilateral therapeutic MND between 1987 and 2004 were enrolled in the study. The patient ages ranged from 12 to 88 years (average 50.2 years). The average postoperative follow‐up period was 113 months.ResultsTo date, 87 (12%) and 49 (7%) patients showed recurrence in previously dissected compartments and the contralateral lateral compartment, respectively. On univariate analysis, age >55 years, node metastasis >3 cm, extranodal tumor extension, and extrathyroid extension affected recurrence in previously dissected compartments. Also, the former two were independent predictors on multivariate analysis (P = 0.0170 and <0.0001, respectively). In contrast, only extrathyroid extension and tumor size >4 cm influenced recurrence in the contralateral lateral compartment on univariate analysis. On multivariate analysis, the former was an independent predictor (P = 0.0015), and the latter was of marginal significance (P = 0.0909). To date, 13% of patients having both of these characteristics showed recurrence in the contralateral lateral compartment.ConclusionsExtremely careful therapeutic MND is required for N1b patients with age >55 years or node metastasis >3 cm because of the likelihood of recurrence in previously dissected compartments. Bilateral MND (therapeutic for ipsilateral side and prophylactic for contralateral side) may be a therapy option for N1b PTC >4 cm and having extrathyroid extension.
Quantification of iron concentration in the liver by MRI
Authors: Alústiza Echeverría José María , Castiella Agustín , Emparanza José Ignacio 
Published: December 2011

Abstract

Objective
Measurement of liver iron concentration is a key parameter for the management of patients with primary and secondary haemochromatosis. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has already demonstrated high accuracy to quantify liver iron content. To be able to improve the current management of patients that are found to have iron overload, we need a reproducible, standardised method that is, or can easily be made, widely available.

Methods
This article discusses the different MRI techniques and models to quantify liver iron concentration that are currently available and envisaged for the near future from a realistic perspective.

Results
T2 relaxometry methods are more accurate than signal intensity ratio (SIR) methods and they are reproducible but are not yet standardised or widely available. SIR methods, on the other hand, are very specific for all levels of iron overload and, what is more, they are also reproducible, standardised and already widely available.

Conclusions
For these reasons, today, both methods remain necessary while progress is made towards universal standardisation of the relaxometry technique.
Air quality implications of theDeepwater Horizonoil spill
Authors: Middlebrook Ann M. , Murphy Daniel M. , Ahmadov Ravan , Atlas Elliot L. , Bahreini Roya , Blake Donald R. , Brioude Jerome , de Gouw Joost A. , Fehsenfeld Fred C. , Frost Gregory J. , Holloway John S. , Lack Daniel A. , Langridge Justin M. , Lueb Rich A. , McKeen Stuart A. , Meagher James F. , Meinardi Simone , Neuman J. Andrew , Nowak John B. , Parrish David D. , Peischl Jeff , Perring Anne E. , Pollack Ilana B. , Roberts James M. , Ryerson Thomas B. , Schwarz Joshua P. , Spackman J. Ryan , Warneke Carsten , Ravishankara A. R. 
Published: December 2011

During theDeepwater Horizon(DWH) oil spill, a wide range of gas and aerosol species were measured from an aircraft around, downwind, and away from theDWHsite. Additional hydrocarbon measurements were made from ships in the vicinity. Aerosol particles of respirable sizes were on occasions a significant air quality issue for populated areas along the Gulf Coast. Yields of organic aerosol particles and emission factors for other atmospheric pollutants were derived for the sources from the spill, recovery, and cleanup efforts. Evaporation and subsequent secondary chemistry produced organic particulate matter with a mass yield of 8 ± 4% of the oil mixture reaching the water surface. Approximately 4% by mass of oil burned on the surface was emitted as soot particles. These yields can be used to estimate the effects on air quality for similar events as well as for this spill at other times without these data. Whereas emission of soot from burning surface oil was large during the episodic burns, the mass flux of secondary organic aerosol to the atmosphere was substantially larger overall. We use a regional air quality model to show that some observed enhancements in organic aerosol concentration along the Gulf Coast were likely due to theDWHspill. In the presence of evaporating hydrocarbons from the oil, NOxemissions from the recovery and cleanup operations produced ozone.
Carrier frequency of the recurrent mutation c.1643_1644delTG in the XPC gene and birth prevalence of the xeroderma pigmentosum in Morocco
Authors: DOUBAJ Yassamine , LAARABI Fatima‐Zahra , CHAFAI ELALAOUI Siham , BARKAT Amina , SEFIANI Abdelaziz 
Published: December 2011

AbstractXeroderma pigmentosum (XP) is an autosomal recessive inherited disease which is genetically heterogeneous. The prevalence of this genodermatosis is estimated to be 1/1 000 000 in the USA; it is more common in Japan and probably in other populations with high levels of consanguinity. The molecular diagnosis and identification of mutation in patients requires the knowledge of the causative gene by the determination of XP complementation groups. Soufir et al. have reported that XPC is the major disease‐causing gene with a recurrent mutation in the Mediterranean region. The mutation c.1643_1644delTG (p.Val548AlafsX25) represents alone 74% of all the XP probands tested and 87% in XP type C in North African patients with founder effect. We used molecular epidemiological methods in the present study to calculate the frequency of heterozygote for this mutation in Moroccan newborns and estimate the prevalence of XP in the Moroccan population. DNA extracted from umbilical cord blood samples of 250 newborns were tested for the recurrent XPC mutation c.1643_1644delTG using real‐time polymerase chain reaction. Heterozygotes profiles were confirmed by direct sequencing. Among 250 newborns tested, one subject was heterozygous for the mutation c.1643_1644delTG. The carrier frequency was estimated to be 1/250 which would imply that the prevalence of XP would be approximately 1/80 504 considering the effect of consanguinity. This is the first report of the prevalence of XP in an Arab country and it shows that the prevalence of xeroderma pigmentosum is higher than that found in Europe and the USA.
Surgical management of axillary necrotizing fasciitis: A case report
Authors: YAMASAKI Osamu , NAGAO Yoh , SUGIYAMA Narushi , OTSUKA Masaki , IWATSUKI Keiji 
Published: December 2011

AbstractAxillary necrotizing fasciitis (NF) is quite rare and requires special management with respect to debridement and delayed surgical reconstruction. A 76‐year‐old man presented to our emergency department with a 2‐day history of high fever, severe left axillary pain and redness. A few hours later, he developed discoloration and hemorrhagic bulla in the axilla, and the redness enlarged on the trunk. Emergency surgical debridement was performed. The blackish necrosis in the axilla was completely excised and the erythematous areas in the chest wall were cut down to the level of the fascia. Split‐thickness skin grafts were applied during the second debridement on the 30th day of hospitalization and negative pressure wound therapy was used. Although the grafts took partially, full thickness axillary defects remained. We performed reconstruction with a pedicled latissimus dorsi flap on day 78. This case highlights some of the important surgical considerations in the management of axillary NF.
Interleukin‐17‐ and protease‐activated receptor 2‐mediated production of CXCL1 and CXCL8 modulated by cyclosporine A, vitamin D3 and glucocorticoids in human keratinocytes
Authors: TAKEI‐TANIGUCHI Ryoko , IMAI Yasutomo , ISHIKAWA Chika , SAKAGUCHI Yoshiko , NAKAGAWA Noboru , TSUDA Tatsuya , HOLLENBERG Morley D. , YAMANISHI Kiyofumi 
Published: December 2011

AbstractProtease‐activated receptor 2 (PAR2) is a G protein‐coupled receptor which mediates a variety of functions in the skin including cutaneous inflammation. SLIGKV‐NH2, an agonist peptide for PAR2, enhanced the interleukin (IL)‐17‐induced production of two CXC chemokines, CXCL1 (GRO‐α) and CXCL8 (IL‐8), in normal human epidermal keratinocytes (NHEK) in a concentration‐dependent manner. The enhanced production of those chemokines was suppressed by a PAR2‐specific siRNA. The SLIGKV‐NH2‐induced production of both CXCL1 and CXCL8 was markedly reduced by cyclosporine A. The enhanced production of CXCL1 was suppressed by 1α, 24R‐dihydroxyvitamin D3, an active form of vitamin D3, and weakly by glucocorticoids, dexamethasone and clobetasol propionate, whereas production of CXCL8 was not altered by any of those receptor agonists. In psoriatic skin, the thickened upper spinous layer of the epidermis was positive for PAR2 protein and the expression of the IL17A mRNA was increased. These results suggest that the IL‐17‐induced pro‐inflammatory reaction is enhanced by the activation of PAR2 in keratinocytes, and that the effect of PAR2 is differentially modulated by cyclosporine A, the active form of vitamin D3 and glucocorticoids.
Rippled‐pattern basal cell carcinoma
Authors: MISAGO Noriyuki , TSURUTA Noriko , NARISAWA Yutaka 
Published: December 2011

AbstractBasal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common malignant cutaneous neoplasm, however, there have been few studies on BCC with a “rippled pattern” so far. We reviewed the 650 BCC specimens from the archives of our institution, and only one example of BCC with a rippled pattern was found. We herein report the histopathological characteristics of this case. Within the lesion, which showed the typical histopathological features of nodular BCC, there was a noticeable area composed of 10–15 basaloid aggregations, which showed the rippled pattern. The rippled pattern was characterized by alternating bands of epithelial cords of spindle‐shaped basaloid cells and mucinous spaces. Characteristically, around the rippled‐pattern area, neoplastic aggregations with a mucinous reticulated or cystic pattern (pseudo‐tubular structures), and many cord‐like structures were seen. A review of the published work and the present case suggested that the histopathological characteristics of rippled‐pattern BCC are: (i) a nodular type of BCC; (ii) considerably rare; (iii) have frequent intervention by mucinous spaces between the epithelial cords; and (iv) no apparent divergent differentiation with folliculosebaceous‐apocrine lineage. The last three characteristics contrasted with those of the rippled‐pattern sebaceoma/trichoblastoma. However, neoplastic germinative cells in rippled‐pattern BCC may naturally form cord‐like structures in a manner similar to rippled‐pattern sebaceoma/trichoblastoma.
Advances in the management of alopecia areata
Authors: ITO Taisuke 
Published: December 2011

AbstractSpontaneous remission occurs in up to 80% of patients with limited patchy alopecia areata (AA) within 1 year. Therefore, not all patients of AA simplex/multiplex need extensive treatments, and “wait and see” is one of the choices for some patients. However, once the hair loss show progressive course, it is really difficult to manage well and may be recalcitrant to any treatment in some cases. Hair loss symptom is not life‐threatening but severely decreases quality of life. There have been two widely known guidelines for AA from the British Association of Dermatologists and the National Alopecia Areata Foundation (USA). These guidelines have been substantial and provide clues for dermatologists but needed to be updated. Recently, the Japanese Dermatological Association also published a guideline for the management of AA. This guideline suggests treatments followed by recommendations and evidence levels. Several new treatments are added such as corticosteroid pulse therapy and antihistamine drugs in addition to Japanese historical therapies. Although the highly recommended therapies are still contact immunotherapy and local injection of corticosteroid, it may result in improvement of AA by use of appropriate treatments decided by age, hair loss type, disease course and desire of the AA patient.
Meta‐analysis: the diagnostic accuracy of lactose breath hydrogen or lactose tolerance tests for predicting the North European lactase polymorphism C/T‐13910
Authors: Marton A. , Xue X. , Szilagyi A. 
Published: December 2011

Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2012; 35: 429–440Summary
Background  The diagnostic accuracy of two indirect tests of lactose digestion, lactose breath hydrogen and lactose tolerance tests, have not been systematically reviewed for comparison with available publications on genotype.
Aim  To perform a meta‐analysis of available studies that compares the north‐European genetic polymorphism C/T‐13910 with the lactose breath hydrogen and the lactose tolerance tests, to determine their ability to predict geno/phenotype relationships. We examine the effects of lactose loading dose, inclusion of children and latitudes of study centre on comparative outcome.
Methods  An electronic database of the literature as well as individual references in articles were searched with the theme of genetics of lactase and comparisons with breath or lactose tolerance tests were carried out. Random effect and fixed effect models were used for breath and lactose tolerance tests respectively, to report summary accuracy measures with 95% confidence intervals (CI).
Results  The search revealed 19 studies: 17 evaluated breath hydrogen, five lactose tolerance test (3/17 overlapped). Overall sensitivity was 0.88 (CI, 0.85–0.90), specificity was 0.85 (CI, 0.82–0.87) for breath test. Heterogeneity was explored by adjusting for studies including children, high or low dose lactose and to some extent by site of study. The lactose tolerance test showed sensitivity of 0.94 (0.9–0.97) and specificity of 0.90 (0.84–0.95) with a nonsignificant heterogeneity.
Conclusion  The diagnostic accuracy of both tests individually reflects expected geno/phenotypes when the populations are well defined.
Phase II study of 2‐chlorodeoxyadenosine plus idarubicin for children with acute myeloid leukaemia in first relapse: a Paediatric Oncology Group study
Authors: Chaleff Stanley , Hurwitz Craig A. , Chang Myron , Dahl Gary , Alonzo Todd A. , Weinstein Howard 
Published: December 2011

SummaryRelapse remains the leading cause of death in patients with acute myeloid leukaemia (AML). Relatively few new chemotherapy agents have been proven to be effective in this population. We report on a Phase 2 clinical trial using the novel combination of 2‐chlorodeoxyadenosine (2‐CDA) (8 mg/m2 per d × 5 d) plus idarubicin (Ida) (10 mg/m2 per d × 3 d). The study involved 109 paediatric patients with AML at first relapse, of whom 104 were available for analysis. The overall response rate was 51% (complete response [CR] + partial response) with a CR rate of 46%. 2‐year event‐free survival (EFS) and overall survival (OS) were 20% and 26%. The only significant variable in determining response, EFS and OS was duration of initial remission, with patients who had an initial remission >1 year having much worse outcomes overall (response rate 74% vs. 25%, EFS 8% vs. 37% and OS of 16% vs. 39%, P < 0·01 for all). There was an acceptable toxicity profile with one neurological event and no cardiac events observed. The most common grade 3–4 toxicities observed were neutropenia (59%) and thrombocytopenia (68%). This study demonstrated that the novel combination of 2‐CDA/Ida was effective and should be considered for incorporation in front line therapy for children with AML.
Adverse cardiovascular effects of anabolic steroids: pathophysiology imaging
Authors: Golestani Reza , Slart Riemer H. J. A. , Dullaart Robin P. F. , Glaudemans Andor W. J. M. , Zeebregts Clark J. , Boersma Hendrikus H. , Tio René A. , Dierckx Rudi A. J. O. 
Published: December 2011

Eur J Clin Invest 2012; 42 (7): 795–803AbstractBackground  Anabolic‐androgenic steroids (AAS) are widely abused for enhancing muscle mass, strength, growth and improving athletic performance.Materials and methods  In recent years, many observational and interventional studies have shown important adverse cardiovascular effects of AAS abuse.Conclusions  This review discusses established and future perspectives of novel molecular imaging techniques that may serve as potential tools for early detection of AAS‐associated cardiovascular disorders.