bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Light and scanning electron microscopic study of the effects of platelet-rich plasma on dexamethasone-induced osteoporosis in adult male albino rats
Authors: Ramadan Mirna M A B , Mostafa Magdy S , El-Ala Amal M A A , El-Morshedy Kadreya El-Sayed 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background
Osteoporosis may occur by using glucocorticoids for a long time. Recently, platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is used in treating a wide variety of musculoskeletal problems.

Aim
This work aimed to study the effect of PRP against dexamethasone-induced osteoporosis in adult male albino rats.

Materials and methods
This study was carried out on 40 adult male albino rats that were divided into two main groups: control group I: included 10 rats and experimental group II included 30 rats, which were subdivided into three subgroups. Subgroup IIa received PRP, subgroup IIb was injected with dexamethasone intramuscularly, and subgroup IIc received the same dose of dexamethasone and then injected with PRP. At the end of the experiment, upper ends of femur bones of all animals were obtained and processed for histological study using light and scanning electron micrograph studies.

Results
Light microscopic examination revealed osteoporotic histological changes in group IIb where cancellous bone trabeculae appeared thin and discontinuous. Scanning electron micrograph studies confirmed the results of the light microscopic study. Group IIc revealed partial preservation of the normal histological picture. Statistical analysis showed that group IIb and untreated left femur of group IIc revealed a highly significant decrease in the mean thickness of trabeculae and a highly significant increase in the width of intertrabecular spaces as compared with the control group, while group IIa and treated right femur of group IIc revealed nonsignificant changes as compared with the control group.

Conclusion
Osteoporosis resulted from glucocorticoids in adult male albino rats could be partially treated with PRP injection.
Accuracy of ultrasound two-point compression test in the diagnosis of lower limb deep vein thrombosis in emergency departments
Authors: El-Shorbagy Hala M A , Adel El Eissawy Mohamed I , Teama Atef H , El Heniedy Mohamed A 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background
Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is a common reason for emergency department (ED) visits. DVT is not a clinical diagnosis, and a definitive diagnosis requires imaging. Compression ultrasound (US) is a noninvasive tool for diagnosing DVT that is considered very precise. It takes place in two simple proximal points (femoral and popliteal) and depends on a complex assessment of the venous system’s compression ability.

Aim
The aim of this study is to evaluate how accurate the US two-point compression test (2PCT) regarding diagnosis of lower limb DVT by emergency physicians in ED.

Patients and methods
This study was conducted on 50 patients with suspected DVT in Tanta University Emergency Hospital in a duration of 1 year on patients suspected to have DVT using Wells’ criteria, comparing the accuracy of 2PCT performed by emergency physicians and duplex US done by radiology physicians. Patients presented with suspected lower extremity DVT were recruited into this study.

Results
The sensitivity of 2PCT is 80%, specificity 80%, positive predictive value 90.32%, negative predictive value 63.16%, and the overall accuracy is 80%.

Conclusion
US performed by emergency physicians for the diagnosis of DVT can give accurate and reliable results. 2PCT test is a good tool in detecting DVT in EDs with an overall accuracy of 80%.
Multislice computed tomography angiography in assessment of pulmonary vascular abnormalities
Authors: Elhashash Shimaa R , Shaban Ekhlas A , Abdullah Timour M , Elbarbary Aly A 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background
Multidetector computed tomography (CT) angiography with maximum intensity projection, multiplanar reformations and 3D reconstructions, and volume rendering technique provide visualization of normal vascular anatomy and variants.

Aim
The aim of this work was to evaluate the role of multislice CT angiography in the evaluation of pulmonary vascular diseases, classification of diseases, and to be familiar with technique and finding.

Patients and methods
This observational trial was carried out on 30 cases suspected of or diagnosed with acute chest pain, suspected pulmonary embolism, and pulmonary arterial or pulmonary venous abnormalities. Patients were classified equally into two groups. All patients underwent pulmonary angiography using CT, which involved the following steps: preparation of the patient, examination procedure, data collection, reconstruction and postprocessing of the images, and image explanation.

Results
In group 1, 60% of cases had normal pulmonary vein whereas 20% of them had venous drainage anomaly. The majority of cases (86.7%) had confluent pulmonary artery findings. The highest percent of cases had dilatation of main pulmonary artery, left pulmonary artery (46.7%), and right pulmonary artery. Overall, 26.7% had either atretic or hypoplastic main pulmonary artery, 40% had normal right pulmonary artery, and 26.7% had normal left pulmonary artery. In group 2, 80% of cases had normal pulmonary vein, whereas 20% had abnormal findings. The majority of cases (80.0%) had pulmonary embolism, and 33.3% had pulmonary hypertension (one case had both embolism and hypertension).

Conclusions
CT angiography is a very effective and beneficial method in the evaluation of pulmonary vascular abnormalities with or without congenital cardiac and/or extracardiac anomalies.
Clinical features and surgical outcomes of childhood and adult Takayasu arteritis: A retrospective study
Authors: Pan Dikang , Guo Julong , Meng Wenzhuo , Guo Jianming , Guo Lianrui 
Published: April 2024

Abstract:

OBJECTIVE:
Takayasu arteries (TAK) is a rare and unexplained inflammatory arterial disease that can occur in both children and adults. Our goal was to clarify the clinical features and surgical outcomes of aortitis in children and adults.

METHODS:
A retrospective cohort study was conducted on patients with TAK treated at tertiary care centers between 2012 and 2020. The American College of Rheumatology’s TAK criteria were used to select patients. Study results were reported using descriptive statistics and Kaplan–Meier methods.

RESULTS:
The cohort included 106 TAK patients with a median follow-up of 69 (interquartile range 80) months. Childhood TAK (c-TAK) differed from adult TAK (a-TAK) in terms of baseline: the predominant Nomo staging for c-TAK was Type IV (70.4), while the predominant staging for a-TAK was Type I (68.4%). Sixty-eight of them underwent surgical intervention, with a total of 85 vascular procedures (77 endoluminal procedures and 8 open procedures). c-TAK group had more endoluminal interventions (100%), while the a-TAK group had a higher proportion of open procedures (17.8%) than the c-TAK group, and the main complication in both groups was restenosis. Kaplan–Meier curves showed that c-TAK had a significantly higher rate of restenosis than a-TAK and had a significantly higher reintervention rate (logrank, P < 0.001).

CONCLUSION:
In conclusion, the main difference between c-TAK and a-TAK is that Nomo typing c-TAK is mainly Type IV, while a-TAK is mainly Type I. Furthermore, c-TAK has a higher rate of reintervention after surgical treatment than a-TAK, more attention should be paid to the postoperative follow-up of c-TAK patients, and further large sample studies are needed to confirm this.
Successful retrieval of a retained cerebral protection device using esophageal biopsy forceps
Authors: Li Yan , Yue Yangyang , Yang Bao , Lu Shaoying , Liu Jianlin 
Published: April 2024

Abstract:
Cerebral protection devices (CPDs) often were applied to improve the safety of carotid artery stenting, but the CPD itself may cause fatal complications. We report a case of a retained CPD that was an Emboshield NAV6 device left in situ, which was retrieved successfully with esophageal biopsy forceps.
Sosialisasi Empat Pilar Literasi Digital di SMP Islam Terpadu An Nizomiyah Jakarta
Authors: Kartikawati Dwi , Nurhasanah Nurhasanah 
Published: April 2024

The purpose of this community service activity is to provide socialization of 4 (four) pillars of digital literacy to be smart in the digital space at SMP Islam An Nizomiyah Jakarta. Activities are focused on SMP An Nizomiyah Jakarta because this school has never been introduced to digital literacy even though most of the junior high school students in this school use digital media for various things which of course are at risk of being negatively affected if not equipped with digital literacy knowledge. Digital literacy is an indispensable skill for students to master as future generations of leaders. Therefore, education has a big role in supporting the mastery of students' digital media literacy skills. Digital media literacy occurs if a person can process various information, understand information, and communicate effectively with others in various forms of media. Digital media literacy is a life skill that not only involves the skills to use technology and information devices but also individual skills to socialize and have a critical thinking attitude as one of the digital competencies.
Assessing the impact of climate-driven water stress on agriculture growth of Pakistan
Authors: Hafeez Saira , Aftab Rashid , Mirza Bilal 
Published: April 2024

This study was designed to investigate the role of changing climatic conditions on irrigation water security in Pakistan in order to quantify its implications for agricultural growth and, subsequently, the food security of the populace. Developing nations are highly vulnerable to climate crises, and Pakistan, in particular, is among the most vulnerable countries in this context. Over 60 percent of the population in Pakistan directly or indirectly depends on agriculture, which is extremely sensitive to the water stress triggered by escalating temperatures and unpredictable weather patterns. This study follows a quantitative approach, employing RStudio for mediation analysis where correlation, single-factor regression, and two-factor regression techniques were used to quantify the relation under study. The research findings revealed that the changing temperature and precipitation patterns have triggered an increase in water stress, negatively affecting agricultural growth to 13% from 1975 to 2019. This research is significant because it attempts to quantify the share of climatic changes in Pakistan's decreasing agricultural growth, elaborates on the country's current risks and mitigation potential, and puts forward policy recommendations to promote climate-resilient agricultural practices to facilitate adaptation to shifting climate regimes.
Freie Fahrt für Sonnenstrom
Authors: Vetter Bernhard , Zietz Rouven 
Published: April 2024

Frankfurt a.M. Die Regierungsfraktionen haben in dieser Woche eine Einigung zum sogenannten Solarpaket und zur Änderung des Erneuerbare-Energien-Gesetzes (EEG) erreicht. Auch Bioenergie-relevante Themen wurden in die Empfehlungen des Ausschusses aufgenommen.
O PLANEJAMENTO E SUA IMPORTÂNCIA NO CONTEXTO ESCOLAR
Authors: Sousa Ana Doroteia do Nascimento , Fonseca Celma Martins da Silva , Lopes Vanildes Pereira  , Silva Jeromice Moreira da 
Published: April 2024

O planejamento escolar possibilita ter um direcionamento em relação ao contexto e as ações docentes, pois, ao planejar constrói-se de forma organizada o que alcançar e a forma como será executada a ação para se atingir o que se espera. Este ato nos permite ter uma visão ampla da nossa atuação como também o estudo de novas abordagens para melhor atender a nossa necessidade. Este artigo tem como objetivo analisar a importância do planejamento no contexto escolar por meio de ações significativas que resultam da prática do planejamento escolar e ainda esclarecer como se dá o processo de planejar diante da complexidade dos problemas encontrados nos dias atuais e a falta de esclarecimento sobre sua finalidade diante da educação que passa por mudanças, renovações e progresso. O artigo foi elaborado por meio de pesquisas bibliográficas e leituras complementares, aprimorando conhecimentos sobre a importância do planejamento no contexto escolar. Mediante ainda as experiências individuais da ação docente, pôde-se fazer uma relação entre a teoria e a prática escolar a fim de explanar que teoricamente há muito o que se estudar, buscando sempre pela melhoria desse ato tão importante na atuação docente. Compreende-se então que o planejamento deve é extremamente importante para execução das atividades escolares, e com isso para obtenção de sucesso.
Characterization of refractory aerosol particles collected in the tropical upper troposphere–lower stratosphere (UTLS) within the Asian tropopause aerosol layer (ATAL)
Authors: Ebert Martin , Weigel Ralf , Weinbruch Stephan , Schneider Lisa , Kandler Konrad , Lauterbach Stefan , Köllner Franziska , Plöger Felix , Günther Gebhard , Vogel Bärbel , Borrmann Stephan 
Published: April 2024

Abstract. Aerosol particles with diameters larger than 40 nm were collected during the flight campaign StratoClim 2017 within the Asian tropopause aerosol layer (ATAL) of the 2017 monsoon anticyclone above the Indian subcontinent. A multi-impactor system was installed on board the aircraft M-55 Geophysica, which was operated from Kathmandu, Nepal. The size and chemical composition of more than 5000 refractory particles/inclusions of 17 selected particle samples from seven different flights were analyzed by use of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) combined with energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) microanalysis. Based on chemical composition and morphology, the refractory particles were assigned to the following particle groups: extraterrestrial, silicates, Fe-rich, Al-rich, Hg-rich, other metals, C-rich, soot, Cl-rich, and Ca-rich. Most abundant particle groups within the refractory particles are silicates and C-rich (non-volatile organics). In samples taken above the tropopause, extraterrestrial particles are becoming increasingly important with rising altitude. The most frequent particle sources for the small (maximum in size distribution DP-max=120 nm) refractory particles carried into the ATAL are combustion processes at the ground (burning of fossil fuels/biomass burning) and the agitation of soil material. The refractory particles in the ATAL represent only a very small fraction (< 2 % by number for particles > 40 nm) of the total aerosol particles, which are dominated by species like ammonium, sulfate, nitrate, and volatile organics. During one flight, a large number of very small (DP-max=25 nm) cinnabar particles (HgS) were detected, which are supposed to originate from a ground source such as coal combustion or underground coal fires.
Comparative effectiveness of immunotherapy and chemotherapy in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer stratified by microsatellite instability status
Authors: Niu Chen-Gu , Zhang Jing , Rao Aniket-Vijay , Joshi Utsav , Okolo Patrick 
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND
Immunotherapy have demonstrated promising outcomes in patients with high microsatellite instability (MSI) (MSI-H) metastatic colorectal cancer. However, the comparative effectiveness of Immunotherapy and chemotherapy for patients with low MSI (MSI-L), and microsatellite stable (MSS) metastatic colorectal cancer remains unclear.
AIM
To investigate immunotherapy vs chemotherapy for treatment of MSI-L/MSS metastatic colorectal cancer, and to evaluate the success of immunotherapy against chemotherapy in managing MSI-H metastatic colorectal cancer during a follow-up of 50 months.
METHODS
We conducted a retrospective cohort study using the National Cancer Database (NCDB) to evaluate the overall survival (OS) of patients with metastatic colorectal cancer treated with immunotherapy or chemotherapy. The study population was stratified by MSI status (MSI-H, MSI-L, and MSS). Multivariable Cox proportional hazard models were used to assess the association between treatment modality and OS, adjusting for potential confounders.
RESULTS
A total of 21951 patients with metastatic colorectal cancer were included in the analysis, of which 2358 were MSI-H, and 19593 were MSI-L/MSS. In the MSI-H cohort, immunotherapy treatment (n = 142) was associated with a significantly improved median OS compared to chemotherapy (n = 860). After adjusting for potential confounders, immunotherapy treatment remained significantly associated with better OS in the MSI-H cohort [adjusted hazard ratio (aHR): 0.57, 95% confidence interval (95%CI): 0.43-0.77, P < 0.001]. In the MSS cohort, no significant difference in median OS was observed between immunotherapy treatment and chemotherapy (aHR: 0.94, 95%CI: 0.69-1.29, P = 0.715).
CONCLUSION
In this population-based study using the NCDB, immunotherapy treatment was associated with significantly improved OS compared to chemotherapy in patients with MSI-H metastatic colorectal cancer, but not in those with MSI-L/MSS metastatic colorectal cancer. Further studies are warranted to determine the optimal therapeutic approach for patients with MSI-L/MSS metastatic colorectal cancer.
Sex-based Differences in Patient Perspectives and Experiences With Shoulder, Hip, and Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Chi Hannah , Woolley Katherine A. , Allahabadi Sachin , Fluet Angelina , Roach Colin , Ward Derek T. , Wong Stephanie E. 
Published: April 2024

Introduction:
Sex disparities in presentation of osteoarthritis and utilization of joint replacement surgery (JRS) have been demonstrated. The role of patients' unique perspectives on JRS on their treatment decisions is poorly understood.

Methods:
JRS candidates who were offered JRS but declined surgical treatment completed this survey. Survey questions included demographic information, patient experiences and current opinions around JRS, patient experiences with providers, goals and concerns, and barriers to JRS.

Results:
More women experience barriers to undergoing JRS compared with men (53% versus 16%; P = 0.014). While both men and women indicated pain relief as their primary goal for treatment, women were significantly more likely to prioritize regaining the ability to complete daily tasks and responsibilities when compared with men (P = 0.007). Both men and women indicated that low symptom severity and nonsurgical treatment options were the reasons for not undergoing JRS (P = 0.455). Compared with men, women trended toward feeling that they were not sufficiently educated about JRS (P = 0.051).

Conclusion:
Women have unique perspectives and goals for JRS that may pose sex-specific barriers to care. A better understanding of how patients' gendered experiences affect their decision making is necessary to improve treatment of osteoarthritis and decrease disparities in care.
The effect of rehabilitation exercises using the inverted table in improving the muscular strength of the back and abdominal muscles for women with herniated disc aged (30-45) years
Authors: Zahraa Khalil Ibrahim  , Suhad Hasib Abdul Hamid  
Published: April 2024

هدف البحث إعداد تمرينات تأهيلية باستخدام جهاز الطاولة المعكوسة للمصابات بالانزلاق الغضروفي, والتعرف على تأثير هذه التمرينات في تحسين القوة العضلية لعضلات الظهر والبطن من اجل التخلص من الإصابة , وتكمن أهمية التمرينات التاهيلية باستخدام الطاولة المعكوسة في تحسين القوة العضلية للنساء المصابات بالانزلاق الغضروفي من خلال استعادة الوظائف الحيوية وتحسين صحة العمود الفقري أن إصابة الانزلاق الغضروفي تحدث عند اغلب النساء لكونهم يؤدون حركات خاطئة منها حركات لف الخصر المفاجئة ويحملون أوزان ثقيلة كذلك التعرض لصدمات مثل السقوط والحمل والولادة الطبيعية للجنين والسمنة مما يتسبب بالانزلاق الغضروفي ووجد الباحثتين أثناء التجول في مراكز التأهيل أن المصابين يخضعون لطرق تأهيل متكررة وتقليدية لذلك اعد الباحثون التمرينات التأهيلية لعلاج المصابات بالانزلاق الغضروفي كذلك اعتمد المنهج التجريبي بتصميم المجموعة الواحدة ذات الاختبار القبلي والبعدي على المصابات المراجعات لمركز اوتزم وعددهن (8) تم الاختيار بالطريقة العمدية لتكون ملائمة لطبيعة المشكلة من حيث الأهداف والفروض واعد الباحثتين تمرينات تأهيلية تم عرضها على الخبراء والمختصين في مجال الطب الرياضي بعدها اجري الاختبار القبلي واستمرت مدة الـتأهيل لمدة شهر ونصف بواقع (24) وحدة تاهيلية وبعد الانتهاء من التجريب اجري الاختبار البعدي وتمت معالجة البيانات وفق مايتطلبه البحث بنظام (spss) وافترضت الباحثتان بأنه توجد فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية بين نتائج الاختبارات القبلية والبعدية لمجموعة البحث في تأهيل المصابات بالانزلاق الغضروفي , لتكون الاستنتاجات والتوصيات بتطبيق التمرينات التأهيلية باستخدام الطاولة المعكوسة يلائم المصابات بالانزلاق الغضروفي كذلك يساعد تطبيق التمرينات التأهيلية باستخدام الطاولة المعكوسة في تحسين القوة العضلية لعضلات الظهر والبطن لدى النساء المصابات بالانزلاق الغضروفي ومن الأفضل عدم استخدام الطاولة المعكوسة للنساء المصابات بأمراض العيون وضغط الدم المرتفع وحالات الكسور ومن الأفضل أن تهتم المستشفيات بتطوير خبرات المعالجين العاملين في كيفية استخدام التمرينات باستخدام الطاولة المعكوسة إي إلى ما توصلت إليه الدراسة من نتائج
The effect of aerobic exercise on the mental health of people with cancer aged (18-20)
Authors: Bushra Kadhim Al-Hamash  , Rusul Ali Jabur  
Published: April 2024

تعد اللياقة البدينة ضرورة من ضروريات الحياة فهي جزء من اللياقة العامة للإنسان وأحدي مكونات اللياقة الشاملة التي تؤهل الفرد للعيش على نحو متوازن داخل المجتمع وتهدف الى اعداد فرد لديه كفاءة بدينة في مواجهة متطلبات الحياة وتكمن مشكلة البحث بانه مرضى السرطان الذين لم يتمكنوا من لحصول على الاحتياجات اللازمة بان هذا يعرقل من حصولهم على الصحة النفسية والبدنية ولإبراز أهمية ممارسة النشاطات الرياضة وأثرها على الصحة النفسية لمرضى السرطان بأعمار (18-20) سنه. وهدف البحث الى التعرف على تأثير تمرينات الايروبكس بمصاحبة الموسيقي الصحة النفسية لمرض السرطان. استخدمت البحث المنهج التجريبي ذات التصميم المجموعة الواحدة بالاختبار القبلي والبعدي على عينة تبلغ (7) من المصابين بمرض السرطان بعمر (18-20) وطبقت عليهم تمرينات الايروبكس المصاحبة للموسيقى لمدة شهر ونصف ،وتوصلت الباحثتان الى عدد من الاستنتاجات كانت أهمها الى. فاعليه تمرينات الايروبكس مع الموسيقى في تحسين مؤشر الصحة النفسية لدى عينه البحث. وخرجت الباحثات بعدة توصيات. الاهتمام بالصحة النفسية كونها تعكس الرضاء والثقة بالنفس والسعادة لدى الفرد مع نفسه ومع المجتمع الذي ينتمي اليه، التأكيد على استخدام تمرينات الايروبكس المصاحبة للموسيقى كونها عامل يساعد على التخلص من الملل وتشجع على اداء التمرينات بنشاط وفاعلية و تؤثر بشكل ايجابي على الصحة النفسية.