bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
End‐of‐life care in Medicare beneficiaries dying with pancreatic cancer
Authors: Sheffield Kristin M. , Boyd Casey A. , Benarroch‐Gampel Jamie , Kuo Yong‐Fang , Cooksley Catherine D. , Riall Taylor S. 
Published: April 2011

AbstractBACKGROUND:The authors' goal was to characterize hospice enrollment and aggressiveness of care for pancreatic cancer patients at the end of life.METHODS:Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results and linked Medicare claims data (1992‐2006) were used to identify patients with pancreatic cancer who had died (n = 22,818). The authors evaluated hospice use, hospice enrollment ≥4 weeks before death, and aggressiveness of care as measured by receipt of chemotherapy, acute care hospitalization, and intensive care unit (ICU) admission in the last month of life.RESULTS:Overall, 56.9% of patients enrolled in hospice, and 35.9% of hospice users enrolled for 4 weeks or more. Hospice use increased from 36.2% in 1992‐1994 to 67.2% in 2004‐2006 (P < .0001). Admission to the ICU and receipt of chemotherapy in the last month of life increased from 15.5% to 19.6% (P < .0001) and from 8.1% to 16.4% (P < .0001), respectively. Among patients with locoregional disease, those who underwent resection were less likely to enroll in hospice before death and much less likely to enroll early. They were also more likely to receive chemotherapy (14% vs 9%, P < .0001), be admitted to an acute care hospital (61% vs 53%, P < .0001), and be admitted to an ICU (27% vs 15%, P < .0001) in the last month of life.CONCLUSIONS:Although hospice use increased over time, there was a simultaneous decrease in early enrollment and increase in aggressive care at the end of life for patients with pancreatic cancer. Cancer 2011;. © 2011 American Cancer Society.
Correlated Absorption and Photoluminescence of Single Gold Nanoparticles
Authors: Gaiduk Alexander , Yorulmaz Mustafa , Orrit Michel 
Published: April 2011

AbstractWe perform simultaneous absorption (photothermal) and fluorescence detection of gold nanospheres with diameters of 80, 60, 40, 20, 10, and 5 nm. We unambiguously identify the same individual nanoparticles (NPs) over large areas (>400 μm2) by means of atomic force microscopy (AFM) and optical absorption (photothermal) microscopy. We correlate the height of NPs measured with AFM with absorption and fluorescence signals from the same individual NPs. That allows us to compare their brightness and estimate their fluorescence quantum yield at the single NP level.
Exploring an Urban System’s Dependence on the Environment as a Source and a Sink: The City of Rome (Italy) Across Space and Time Scales
Authors: Ascione Marco , Bargigli Silvia , Campanella Luigi , Ulgiati Sergio 
Published: April 2011

AbstractThe material, energy and environmental flows supporting the growth and welfare of the city of Rome, during a recent forty‐year period (from 1962 to 2002) were investigated in order to understand the resource basis of its present welfare and lifestyle. The study focused on the local scale of the urban system (resources actually used within the system’s boundary) as well as on the larger regional and national scales where resources come from. Assessing the resource use change over time allowed to understand what are the main drivers of lifestyle changes of the local population. In particular, while the direct, local‐scale use of the main material and energy resources exhibits a quadratic growth over time, the total (direct+indirect) consumption on the scale of the global economy is always 3–4 times higher, is so highlighting how much of a city’s growth depends on economic and production activities that develop outside of its boundaries. Water use shows an even more alarming trend, in that the indirect consumption grows much faster, suggesting a shift from the use of a less water‐intensive mix of products to a different mix that requires much more water in its industrial production. Such trend calls for increased awareness of the water footprint of goods used as well as increased efficiency in water management by both industries and households. The evolution of resource use and standard of living also affects the release of airborne emissions, an issue that is becoming crucial due to concerns for climate change and urban air pollution. The extent of such additional environmental burden is also explored in the present paper.
Eating behavior in anorexia nervosa: Before and after treatment
Authors: Mayer Laurel E.S. , Schebendach Janet , Bodell Lindsay P. , Shingleton Rebecca M. , Walsh B. Timothy 
Published: April 2011

AbstractObjective:The purpose of this study was to assess eating behavior in patients with anorexia nervosa before and after weight normalization and healthy controls using a standardized, multiple‐item lunch meal paradigm.Method:Eighteen patients were studied shortly after inpatient admission and again after gaining to a BMI ≥ 19.5 kg m−2. Fifteen healthy controls were studied twice, ∼2–3 months apart.Results:When underweight, patients with AN consumed fewer total calories (364 ± 208 kcal) and a lower percentage of calories from fat (18% ± 10%) compared to controls (775 ± 228 kcal, p = 0.001; 38% ± 7%, p = 0.001). After weight normalization, despite a modest increase in total calories (364 ± 208 kcal vs. 516 ± 273 kcal, p = 0.04) and in percent of calories from fat (18% ± 10% vs. 23% ± 9%, p = 0.04), patients continued to consume fewer total calories and a reduced percent of calories from fat compared to controls (758 ± 346 kcal, p = 0.03; 38% ± 18%, p = 0.004).Discussion:Patients with AN, even after acute treatment, consume fewer total calories and fewer calories from fat, compared to healthy controls. The reduced overall intake and persistent avoidance of fat may contribute to relapse, and therefore are potential therapeutic targets. © 2011 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (Int J Eat Disord 2012)
The occurrence of obtuse junction angles and changes in channel width below tributaries along the Mekong River, south‐east Asia
Authors: Hackney Christopher , Carling Paul 
Published: April 2011

ABSTRACTClassic descriptions of drainage patterns suggest that confluence angle is determined by the shape of the drainage basin unless constraining factors, such as the geological structure, affect stream flow. Downstream changes in channel width below tributary junctions have long been associated with tributary inputs of flow and sediment. Analysis of tributary junction geometry and channel width changes in large rivers and over large reaches is sparse. The Lower Mekong Basin exhibits a generally dendritic drainage network despite flowing through a diverse array of geological settings. Publicly available SPOT‐5 imagery from Google Earth was used to identify and catalogue junction geometries and downstream changes in channel width below tributary junctions along a ~2200 km reach of the Mekong River. Of the 284 junctions identified, the majority (66.2%) were acute. However 12 (4.8%) were found to be normal (90°) and 75 (30%) were found to be obtuse. This latter number is in contrast to previous studies over similar spatial scales which found little evidence of obtuse junctions. Meander extension of the incoming tributary and deflection of the tributary across bedrock shoulders were found to be the dominant geomorphological causes of obtuse tributary junctions. The relationship between the width of the tributary channels and the width of the mainstem upstream and downstream of the confluences was analysed. It was observed that, over the whole reach, a slight narrowing occurred immediately below tributary junctions. Although the changes themselves were small, the slight net narrowing is shown to be statistically significant. The observed relationship is shown to vary considerably with geology. The geological control suggests that complex factors play important roles in determining changes to channel width across large systems and that simple cause–effect relationships do not hold in such complicated geological settings. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Interactions between river flows and colonizing vegetation on a braided river: exploring spatial and temporal dynamics in riparian vegetation cover using satellite data
Authors: Bertoldi W. , Drake N. A. , Gurnell A. M. 
Published: April 2011

ABSTRACTField, laboratory, and numerical modelling research are increasingly demonstrating the potential of riparian tree colonization and growth to influence fluvial dynamics and the evolution of fluvial landforms. This paper jointly analyses multi‐temporal, multispectral ASTER data, continuous river stage and discharge data, and field observations of the growth rates of the dominant riparian tree species (Populus nigra) along a 21 km reach of the Tagliamento River, Italy. Research focuses on the period 2004–2009, during which there was a bankfull flood on 24 October 2004, followed by 2 years with low water levels, nearly 2 years with only modest flow pulses, and then a final period from 15 August 2008 that included several intermediate to bankfull flow events. This study period of increasing flow disturbance allows the exploration of vegetation dynamics within the river's active corridor under changing flow conditions. The analysis demonstrates the utility of ASTER data for investigating vegetation dynamics along large fluvial corridors and reveals both spatial and temporal variations in the expansion, coalescence, and erosion of vegetated patches within the study reach. Changes in the extent of the vegetated area and its dynamics vary along the study reach. In sub‐reaches where riparian tree growth is vigorous, the vegetated area expands rapidly during time periods without channel‐shaping flows, and is subsequently able to resist erosion by bankfull floods. In contrast, in sub‐reaches where tree growth is less vigorous, the vegetated area expands at a slower rate and is more readily re‐set by bankfull flood events. This illustrates that the rate of growth of riparian trees is crucial to their ability to contribute actively to river corridor dynamics. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Vector representation of graph domination
Authors: Zewi Noga 
Published: April 2011

AbstractWe study a function on graphs, denoted by “Gamma”, representing vectorially the domination number of a graph, in a way similar to that in which the Lovsz Theta function represents the independence number of a graph. This function is a lower bound on the homological connectivity of the independence complex of the graph, and hence is of value in studying matching problems by topological methods. Not much is known at present about the Gamma function, in particular, there is no known procedure for its computation for general graphs. In this article we compute the precise value of Gamma for trees and cycles, and to achieve this we prove new lower and upper bounds on Gamma, formulated in terms of known domination and algebraic parameters of the graph. We also use the Gamma function to prove a fractional version of a strengthening of Ryser's conjecture. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Graph Theory
Cyclopenta[c]pyrans
Authors: Ţînţaş Mihaela , Bogdan Elena , Grosu Ion 
Published: April 2011

AbstractNatural occurrence, synthesis, chemical behavior, and physical properties of aromatic cyclopenta[c]pyrans are reviewed. Various strategies for the synthesis of cyclopenta[c]pyrans starting from cyclopentadienes, fulvenes, oxadiazinones, or α‐pyrones were developed according to the substitution patterns of the target compounds. J. Heterocyclic Chem., (2011).
Antibacterial efficacy of a new gentamicin‐coating for cementless prostheses compared to gentamicin‐loaded bone cement
Authors: Neut Daniëlle , Dijkstra René J.B. , Thompson Jonathan I. , van der Mei Henny C. , Busscher Henk J. 
Published: April 2011

AbstractCementless prostheses are increasingly popular but require alternative prophylactic measures than the use of antibiotic‐loaded bone cements. Here, we determine the 24‐h growth inhibition of gentamicin‐releasing coatings from grit‐blasted and porous‐coated titanium alloys, and compare their antibacterial efficacies and gentamicin release‐profiles to those of a commercially available gentamicin‐loaded bone cement. Antibacterial efficacy increased with increasing doses of gentamicin in the coating and loading with 1.0 and 0.1 mg gentamicin/cm2 on both grit‐blasted and porous‐coated samples yielded comparable efficacy to gentamicin‐loaded bone cement. The coating had a higher burst release than bone cement, and also inhibited growth of gentamicin‐resistant strains. Antibacterial efficacy of the gentamicin coatings disappeared after 4 days, while gentamicin‐loaded bone cement exhibited efficacy over at least 7 days. Shut‐down after 4 days of gentamicin‐release from coatings is advantageous over the low‐dosage tail‐release from bone cements, as it minimizing risk of inducing antibiotic‐resistant strains. Both gentamicin‐loaded cement discs and gentamicin‐coated titanium coupons were able to kill gentamicin‐sensitive and ‐resistant bacteria in a simulated prothesis‐related interfacial gap. In conclusion, the gentamicin coating provided similar antibacterial properties to those seen by gentamicin‐loaded bone cement, implying protection of a prosthesis from being colonized by peri‐operatively introduced bacteria in cementless total joint arthroplasty. © 2011 Orthopaedic Research Society Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 29:1654–1661, 2011
Analysis of microRNA expression profiling identifies microRNA‐503 regulates metastatic function in hepatocellular cancer cell
Authors: Zhou Jing , Wang Wei 
Published: April 2011

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesMetastasis of cancer is a complex process that involves multiple alterations. Recent evidence indicates that small non‐protein coding RNA molecules (miRNAs) might be involved in cancer‐related processes in humans. This study was to systematically investigate the differentially expressed miRNAs during metastasis in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) using microarray technology.MethodsThe differentially expressed miRNAs between HCCLM3 and MHCC97‐L, two HCC cell lines with differently metastatic potentials were displayed using microarray technology. The expression of miR‐503 was verified by the real‐time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. In addition, the lentivirus‐delivered system for expressing miR‐503 in HCCLM3 cells was employed to investigate whether miR‐503 was involved in invasive phenotype of HCC cell.ResultsOur study built a metastasis‐related miRNAs expression profiling, which includes 327 miRNAs expressed differentially between HCCLM3 and MHCC97‐L cell lines. Furthermore, expression of miR‐503 by lentivirus‐delivered system in HCCLM3 cell was established successfully. Our results showed that miR‐503 induces a G1 arrest and decreased proliferation for HCCLM3 cell (P < 0.05). In addition, miR‐503 inhibits migration and invasion of HCCLM3 cell in vitro (P < 0.05).ConclusionsThis study described a metastasis‐related miRNAs expression profiling and revealed miR‐503 regulating metastatic function in HCC cell. J. Surg. Oncol. 2011; 104:278–283. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Prognostic impact of nm23‐H1 and PCNA expression in pathologic stage I non‐small cell lung cancer
Authors: Liu Chengying , Liu Jun , Wang Xin , Mao Weidong , Jiang Lian , Ni Hua , Mo Mingcong , Wang Wei 
Published: April 2011

AbstractIntroductionThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the value of nm23‐H1 and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) expression as well as other confirmed prognostic factors in predicting the clinical outcome after definitive surgery of pathologic stage I non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).MethodsFour hundred fifty‐two consecutive and non‐selected patients who underwent definitive surgery for stage I NSCLC were included in this study. Formalin‐fixed paraffin‐embedded specimens were stained for nm23‐H1 and PCNA, the correlation between the staining and its clinicopathological parameters, and its prognostic power were analyzed statistically.ResultsOf the 452 patients studied, 320 cases (70.8%) were high expression for nm23‐H1. A total of 182 carcinomas (40.3%) were PCNA high expression tumors. PCNA expression correlated with serum CEA level (P < 0.001), and differentiation (P < 0.001). In univariate analysis by log‐rank test, serum CEA level, pT stage, differentiation, nm23‐H1 expression, and PCNA expression were significant prognostic factors (P = 0.037, 0.021, <0.001, 0.042, and 0.014, respectively). In multivariate analysis, pT stage and nm23‐H1 expression maintained its independent prognostic influence on overall survival (P = 0.041 and 0.003, respectively).Conclusionsnm23‐H1 may be a good biomarker to be applied in clinic to predict the prognosis of patients with completely resected pathologic stage I NSCLC. J. Surg. Oncol. 2011;104:181–186. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Time‐varying migration process of moving neutralization boundary on the immobilized pH gradient strip in the weak‐base rehydration buffer
Authors: Liang Heng , OuYang Liang‐Fei , Liu Qian , Zhang Lin , Tian Li‐Jing , Chen Yang 
Published: April 2011

AbstractThis paper quantificationally probes into time‐varying migration processes of moving neutralization boundary (MNB) on immobilized pH gradient (IPG) strip in ammonia‐rehydration buffers. The time‐varying migration processes are determined by both time‐varying dissociation equilibria of ammonia and position‐varying pH environments formed by immobilized carrier ampholytes (CAs) on the IPG strip. Thus, the local dissociation equilibria of ammonia and the position‐varying pH are introduced into the recursion equation of position of MNB migrations. The theoretical position–time curves and the velocity–time curves of MNB migrations obtained by the recursion approach were satisfactorily validated by a series of images of boundary migrations from the IPG‐MNB experiments by using rehydration buffers with different ammonia concentrations on pH 3–6 IPG strips. The results achieved herein have significant evidence to a quantificational understanding of the mechanism of MNB and IEF.
Calorimetric investigation of reaction Ca(NO3)2 + Na3PO4 in water and microemulsions saturated with CO2
Authors: Du Zhongyu , An Xueqin , Fan Dashuang , Shen Weiguo 
Published: April 2011

AbstractThe reactions of Ca(NO3)2 + Na3PO4 in water and water/sodium bis(2‐ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinate (AOT)/hydrocarbon microemulsions saturated CO2 with various molar ratios of water to surfactant R, oil phases, and surfactant concentrations were investigated by isothermal titration calorimetry. The product of the reaction was confirmed to be sodium‐and‐carbonate‐substituted hydroxyapatite (NaCO3HAP) by Fourier transform infrared spectra (FTIR), energy dispersive spectrometry (EDS), and X‐ray diffraction (XRD). From calorimetric measurements, the molar enthalpies of solution of water in the AOT/n‐dodecane system, and the molar enthalpies, the rate constants, and the activation energies of the reactions were determined. It was found that the enthalpy of solution of water in AOT/n‐dodecane micells and the molar enthalpy of the reaction in the microemulsions increased with the decreases of R until R = 7; below that they kept almost constant. It may be attributed to the increase of the ratio of the bound water to the free water with the decrease of R until there was no free water when R < 7. However, the reaction rate constant k1 was affected by the ionic strength of the medium and log k1 showed a linear dependence on 1/R in the whole range of R we investigated. It was also observed that the rate constant and the enthalpy of the reaction remained almost unchanged when the surfactant concentration and the nature of oil phase varied. © 2011 Wiley Peiodicals, Inc. Int J Chem Kinet 43: 322–330, 2011
Distortion product otoacoustic emission for the screening of cochlear damage in children treated with cisplatin
Authors: Al‐Noury Khaled 
Published: April 2011

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:To detect subtle hearing changes by measuring otoacoustic emissions in patients treated with a first dose of cisplatin.Study Design:Prospective study.Methods:We recruited 26 patients (mean age at treatment, 11.3 years) into this prospective study conducted at a tertiary academic referral center. Audiograms and transient‐evoked otoacoustic emissions (TEOAEs) and distortion‐product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAEs) were measured before and after the first dose of cisplatin.Results:Baseline readings were compared with those recorded after the administration of the first dose of cisplatin. Two patients showed a loss of TEOAEs at high frequencies above 4 kHz, and this was consistent with the 25‐dB hearing loss of the high frequencies detected in their audiograms; there was a significant threshold shift for DPOAEs at a frequency >3 to 4 kHz (P <.05).Conclusions:DPOAE testing appears to be a more sensitive method to detect cochlear damage than conventional pure‐tone audiometry. Our results suggest that the measurement of DPOAE thresholds is a useful approach to detect the early auditory changes induced by cisplatin therapy.
Conjugated Microporous Networks on the Basis of 2,3,5,6‐Tetraarylated Diketopyrrolo[3,4‐c]pyrrole
Authors: Zhang Kai , Tieke Bernd , Vilela Filipe , Skabara Peter J. 
Published: April 2011

Abstractπ‐Conjugated microporous networks have been prepared from the tetraarylated diketopyrrolo[3,4‐c]pyrrole unit as a tetrafunctional building block. The reactions are carried out using microwave‐assisted Yamamoto or Sonogashira cross‐coupling. Red insoluble powders are obtained, showing intense fluorescence. The polymer networks exhibit a high gas storage capability, with BET surface areas up to about 500 m2 · g−1.magnified image
Fatigue strength of shear loaded welded joints according to the notch stress concept
Authors: Amstutz H. , Olivier R. 
Published: April 2011

AbstractThe NOTCH‐STRESS CONCEPT for the fatigue assessment of welded components in the version proposed by SEEGER [1] is presented in all aspects of material fatigue resistence formulation and application for local pure shear stress. Using the data from numerous tests with welded joints the concept is demonstrated up to the determination of local S– N‐curves and the characteristic fatigue reference values τa, A at N = 2·106 load cycles from a statistical analysis of the test results.
Using of mathematical optimization methods for test specification development of simplified chassis components tests
Authors: Kiesel A. , Schliebner R. , Seise M. 
Published: April 2011

AbstractIm Entwicklungsprozess von Fahrwerksbauteilen und zur Qualitätsüberwachung während der Serienfertigung ist es erforderlich die Bauteile auf ihre zu erwartende Lebensdauer zu prüfen. Um den Prüfaufwand zu reduzieren wird häufig eine vereinfachte Prüfung des Einzelbauteils durchgeführt. Die Aufgabe des Entwicklungsingenieurs ist es, diese vereinfachte Prüfung zu entwickeln. Dies kann durch die Suche nach einer geeigneten Prüfkraft bzw. Kraftrichtung bei festgelegter Lagerung oder durch die Suche nach einer vereinfachten Lagerung bzw. durch die Kombination beider Möglichkeiten erfolgen. In diesem Beitrag werden numerische Methoden zur Ableitung eines vereinfachten Prüfaufbaus vorgestellt. Vertiefend werden eine Optimierungsroutine zur Ermittlung eines signifikanten Lastfalls und die iterative Lagerungssuche in Verbindung mit der schädigungsbasierten Kanalselektion vorgestellt. Die Anwendung der Routinen wird beispielhaft am Radträger bzw. der Federbeinaufnahme des Porsche PANAMERA gezeigt. Neben dem derzeitigen Entwicklungsstand der numerischen Routinen werden ausblickend geplante Erweiterungen der Programmroutine vorgestellt.