bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pelaksanaan Penuntutan Oditur Militer Terhadap Oknum Tentara Nasional Indonesia Angkatan Darat (TNI AD) dalam Tindak Pidana Umum
Authors: Fajri Al 
Published: May 2024

This research is aimed at finding out more about the implementation of prosecutions by Military Prosecutors starting from the case files resulting from the investigation being received by the Military Prosecutor until the transfer of case files to the Military Court. The aim of this research is to determine the implementation of prosecutions carried out by Military Prosecutors against TNI AD personnel who commit criminal acts and to find out what the obstacles are and how to overcome obstacles in carrying out prosecutions against TNI AD individuals who commit criminal acts. This type of research is a field research located at the I-04 Military Prosecutor's office, Padang, West Sumatra. The data used are primary data and secondary data obtained from interviews, statutory regulations and literature studies. The informant in this research was the Head of the I-04 Padang Military Authority. The results of this research are that the implementation of the prosecution begins when the case file is received by the Oditur, the Oditur examines the case file, makes a Sph Father, makes an indictment, and transfers the case file to the Military Court.
Investigations on Growth, Characterization, NCI-RDG, AIM, Molecular Docking and In-Silico ADME Properties of 1,2-Benzene Dicarboxylic Acid Anhydride
Authors: G. Saravana Kumar , M. Jeyalaxmi , K. Vijayanarasimhan , N. Boukabcha , A. Chouaih 
Published: May 2024

Superior single crystal of 1,2-benzene dicarboxylic acid anhydride additionally called Phthalic anhydride (PAN) was developed via solution growth at low temperatures. Single crystal X-ray diffraction investigation revealed the crystal system and unit cell characteristics. The phase stability and crystalline nature were uncovered by powder X-ray diffraction analysis. FT-IR examination was done for the titular material so as to survey the various functional groups. With the use of the VEDA program's relevant resources, vibrational assignments have been made on the concept of Potential Energy Distribution (PED). Density Functional Theory (DFT) was employed to smooth out the molecular structure of PAN and was additionally utilized to consider FT-IR spectrum at molecular level. Non covalent interactions reduced density gradient (NCI-RDG) analysis has been used for the prediction of the weak interaction in the actual space in terms of the electron density along with its derivatives for PAN. Atoms in Molecules (AIM) analysis was carried for out for PAN. The docking research of the small molecule (PAN) with target protein confirmed that this is a great molecule which docks nicely with numerous targets associated with Hypoxia Inducible Factor 1-α. The absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion (ADME) characteristics have been calculated with the assist of online server preADMET.
Quantum Chemical-Based Investigations and Lipophilicity Evaluations on Some Structurally Related Quinazoline Derivatives
Authors: Serin Sümeyya 
Published: May 2024

This work was chiefly conceived to explore the substituent effects on thermodynamic, electronic and lipophilic characteristics of some quinazoline derivatives (Q1-Q4) from theoretical aspects. The variations caused by methyl, ethyl, chlorine and bromine substituents on the same carbon of the aromatic ring were evaluated with a computational approach. In accordance with this purpose, simultaneously, DFT-based calculations were performed for vacuum and two different surroundings (DMSO and water) on methaqualone (Q1), etaqualone (Q2), mecloqualone (Q3), and mebroqualone (Q4) compounds by using the B3LYP functional and 6-311++G(d, p) split-valence triple zeta basis set. The computed thermodynamic quantities revealed that the halogen substitution was more preferable. The effect of substituent modification on electrostatic surface features was evaluated visually by molecular electrostatic potential (MEP) mapping technique. To shed light on the chemical reactivity behaviors of the Q1-Q4, DFT-based reactivity identifiers were computed. Also, the intramolecular interactions affected by substitution were evaluated on the basis of the Natural Bond Orbital (NBO) theory. The NBO results revealed that π-π* interactions predominate for each compound. The lipophilic character analyzes of the mentioned compounds were evaluated both numerically and visually. The data of both methods support each other.
Public education and the environment
Authors: Safi Fatma 
Published: May 2024

This paper investigated, in an overlapping generations model highlighting two-period lived households, the influence of education and environmental awareness on physical capital and environmental terms by sketching, at the stable steady-state equilibrium, the comparative static examination. According to this approach, the study has shown that public education policy can neither boost environmental quality standards nor the capital stock. The study also found that larger environmental awareness as young results in upper capital accumulation and upper environmental quality. Regarding individuals' environmental awareness in old age, it was revealed that it leads on the one hand to less physical capital accumulation and on the other hand to a better environmental quality, only in the case where the value of environmental awareness at a young age is 10 and the value of environmental awareness at old age is greater than or equal to 40.
Keywords: Capital accumulation; environmental awareness; environmental quality; public education
Causal association of blood metabolites, immune cells, and lung cancer: A mediation mendelian randomization study
Authors: Wang Lihuai , Chen Sheng , Liu Zhengyi , Hu Yuxiang , Sun Yinhui 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background: Lung cancer ranks highest in annual mortality among all cancers, and blood metabolites may influence its onset and progression. Our objective is to assess the causal relationships between blood metabolites and both non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and small cell lung cancer (SCLC), while exploring the mediating effects of immune cells.
Methods: We utilized publicly available genetic data to investigate the potential causal relationships between blood metabolites and NSCLC as well as SCLC using a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) approach. In our primary analysis, we employed the inverse variance weighted (IVW) method and conducted sensitivity analyses and Steiger test to assess the reliability and directionality of the causal relationships. Additionally, we employed a two-step MR approach to evaluate the mediating role of immune cells in these causal relationships.
Results: The IVW method revealed that Palmitoylcarnitine levels (Metabolon platform) and four other blood metabolites are risk factors for NSCLC, while Tetrahydrocortisol glucuronide levels and two other blood metabolites are protective factors for NSCLC. Additionally, Alpha-hydroxyisovalerate levels and eight other blood metabolites are risk factors for SCLC, whereas Dimethylglycine levels and three other blood metabolites are protective factors for SCLC. Furthermore, IgD- CD27- B cell %B cell, CD27 on IgD- CD38dim B cell, and CD3 on Naive CD4+ T cell mediate some of the relationships between blood metabolites and NSCLC. Activated & secreting CD4 regulatory T cell %CD4+ T cell, CD14- CD16- Absolute Count, and IgD on IgD+ CD24+ B cell mediate some of the relationships between blood metabolites and SCLC.
Conclusion: There are significant causal relationships between blood metabolites and both NSCLC and SCLC, with some of these relationships mediated by immune cells. This aids us in influencing the role of blood metabolites in lung cancer by intervening with immune cells, thereby providing more avenues for the prevention and treatment of lung cancer.
Exploring wild edible plants in West Java, Indonesia: Ethnobotanical assessment, use trends, and potential for improved nutrition
Authors: Rahayu Yen Yen Sally , Dwiartama Angga , Sujarwo Wawan , Rosleine Dian , Irsyam Arifin Surya Dwipa 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background
As one of the world’s biodiversity hotspots, Indonesia contains over 19,000 plant species, including wild edible plants (WEPs). These WEPs complement people’s diets and substitute for common vegetables, particularly in rural areas. However, in West Java, the biodiversity of WEPs is declining, which coincides with public health issues related to malnutrition. Because they often contain high levels of micronutrients WEPs can be used as a healthy dietary alternative, especially given the growing prevalence of micronutrient deficiency and diet-related diseases among the Indonesian population. Despite the potential benefits of addressing these issues, limited research has been conducted on this topic. This study aims to document the diversity of WEPs in rural West Java, assess communities’ perceptions regarding their availability and importance, and determine factors influencing their consumption.
Methods
Mixed methods were employed, including ethnobotanical surveys with 20 key informants and a cross-sectional survey assessing perceptions, attitudes, and correlates of WEP consumption among 107 women in three villages in the region. The nutritional compositions of documented WEPs were obtained from literature and analysis. Bivariate correlation was used to analyze the relationships between WEP consumption frequency and potential correlates.
Results
The study documented 53 species of WEPs from 27 families, and many of which are rich in nutritional value, serving as sources of both macro- and micronutrients. WEP use prevalence was found to be 97%. The main motivations for using WEPs were their availability as free food (33%), medicinal value (26%), nostalgic value (23%), and preferred taste (18%). WEP consumption frequency was positively correlated with age, livestock possession (p < 0.05), and knowledge related to WEP (p < 0.01), while being negatively associated with the number of family members (p < 0.05). Most respondents (92%) agreed that consumption has declined compared to the past.
Conclusions
WEP use is common in the study area, and these plants are highly valued for their critical roles in diet, economy, and culture. They have the potential to improve community diets and nutrition. Educating and raising awareness about their nutritional values among communities can enhance their consumption, thereby contributing to addressing nutrition disparities.
ڕێزگرتن وەک ئالاڤەک بۆ شرۆڤەکرنا کارڤەدانێن پەسنکرنێ
Authors: Waheed Hasan Baravan 
Published: May 2024

پەسنکرن بیاڤه‌كێ گرنگه‌ ژ بیاڤێن زمانى، كو زێدەتر گرێدایی لقێ پراگماتیكێیە و هەر ژ دەستپێکا پەیدابوونا مرۆڤى لسەر رۆیێ عەردى و سەردەمێ زمانێ ئیشارەتان، پەسنی سەرهلدایە وەکە دەڕبرینەکا ئاماژەپێکرى بۆ کارەکێ دهێتە ئەنجامدان ب خورتى، ئەڤە ژ لایەکێ ڤە و ژ لایەکێ دیڤە نیشانێ دکەتە وێ سوپاسى، رێزگرتن و راستگوییا ژ دلێ مروڤى دەردکەڤیت.
ئه‌ڤ ڤه‌كۆلینه‌ هه‌ولدده‌ت پەیوەندییا دناڤبەرا پەسنێ و رێزگرتنێ دا بدەتە دیارکرن، ل ژێر ناڤونیشانێ: ( ڕێزگرتن وەک ئالاڤەک بۆ شرۆڤەکرنا کارڤەدانێن پەسنکرنێ ). ئارمانجا سه‌ره‌كى ژ ئه‌ڤێ ڤه‌كۆلینێ ئه‌وه‌ بهێته‌ زانین، كا د ددەما کریارا پەسنکرنێ، رێزگرتنێ چ په‌یوه‌ندی و رۆل دگێریت.
ڤەکولین ژ دوو پشکان پێک دهێت، پشکا ئێکێ ب ناڤونیشانێ (پەسن، چەمک و پێناسە)ــیە، کو تێدا ب شێوەیەکێ گشتى بەحس ل تێگەهێ پەسنی هاتیەکرن و پشکا دووێ یا تایبەتە ب پەیوەندییا (ڕێزگرتن وەک ئالاڤەک بۆ شرۆڤەکرنا کارڤەدانێن پەسنکرنێ).
The foreign policy of the United States of America towards Iran in the period from 1953 to 1974.
Authors: Gurin Grigorii Gennad'evich 
Published: May 2024

The article examines the foreign policy of the United States of America in the Greater Middle East region, which acquired strategic importance after the end of World War II and the beginning of the Cold War with the Soviet Union. The subject of the study is the American-Iranian relations of 1953-1974, within the framework of which the Iranian Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi consistently built cooperation with D. Eisenhower, J. Kennedy, L. Johnson and R. Nikson. Despite the fact that their approaches to the implementation of American foreign policy in the Greater Middle East underwent significant changes, the desire to maintain influence in the country, consolidate control over cheap Iranian energy resources and prevent the return of Soviet influence on Iran remained the main directions of American activity. The methodological basis of the research is based on the principles of historicism, objectivity and consistency. The following methods were used in the work: historical-comparative, historical-typological and historical-systemic methods. The reviewed diplomatic documents of the United States of America "Foreign Relations of the United States" allow us to establish that the influence of the oil factor on American-Iranian relations in 1953-1974 remained high, despite changes in the approaches of the presidents to the implementation of foreign policy in the region. The return of Iranian oil to the global market allowed Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi to initiate the start of the "white revolution", supported by the United States, among others. Huge oil revenues allowed Iran in a short time not only to realize its claims in the region, but also to become an important ally of the United States, responsible for regional security during the presidency of R. Nixon. The work illustrates the changing role of the United States of America and Iran in the Greater Middle East, due, among other things, to the influence of the oil factor.
The accuracy of shooting petanque iron balls: Effectiveness of resistance band training
Authors: Rasyono  , Yanto Anggel Hardi 
Published: May 2024

Background Problems: There is an integration of strategy, calmness, and accuracy in petanque. Various training forms focus on several parts of the arm muscles to increase the stability of the arm muscles and the ability to throw the ball on target, however, no one has developed a training method that can enhance both accuracy and muscular strength. Research Objectives: This research aims to determine the effect of resistance band exercises on shooting accuracy in petanque athletes. Methods: This research employed a quasi-experimental method with a pretest-posttest approach and a control group design. The research subjects were divided into two groups (experimental and control) and given different treatments. The total number of research subjects consisted of 40 athletes with an average age of 21.43 ± 2.48, a weight 56.07 ± 2.33, a height 170.41 ± 5.12, and a BMI 19.86 ± 2.56. Data analysis was tested using a one-way ANOVA to compare the two groups. Findings and Results: The research results indicated that resistance band exercises for 16 weeks had a positive and statistically significant impact on increasing shooting accuracy in the experimental group compared to the control group in petanque athletes. Thus, this research has provided evidence and recommendations for athletes and coaches that specific recommendations to improve throwing accuracy in petanque must be added with the contribution of strength training with resistance bands. Conclusion: The combination of resistance bands with other forms of accuracy training is also recommended for further research so that options for implementing strength training related to throwing accuracy become more varied to help improve petanque performance. This study can be used as a starting point for training variations that are documented in the literature, which can help coaches and athletes develop skills-related fitness components for the purpose of improving shooting accuracy capabilities in petanque.
Lung Function Indices among Marble Workers with Age Matched Healthy Individuals in Lahore
Authors: Butt Imran Maqsood , Hasnain Seema , Chaudhary Aneela , Iqbal Javeid , Butt Ammara , Farooq Muhammad Umar 
Published: May 2024

Background: Marble dust predominantly comprises of free silica which is a principal constituent of Earth’s crust. Production of toxic substances, chemicals, and respirable dust in marble industry offers an occupational threat to the workers. Free silica dust is generated during quarrying, grinding cutting and polishing of marble and is responsible for occupational pulmonary diseases. Objective: This study was conducted to compare pulmonary function test results among the workers of marble industry and healthy persons of same age in district, Lahore. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Settings: Study was conducted in marble workshops workers, located in Township area College Road, Institute of Public Health, Lahore Pakistan. Duration: Six months from 05 May 2021 to 04 August 2021. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 225 individuals. Forty-five male persons, each were selected from cutting, grinding and polishing sections along with office workers from the marble workshop. Forty-five age matched healthy individuals selected from the same community. After getting approval from the Institutional Review board, the data was collected in a pretested standardized questionnaire after taking informed written consent by the respondents. Lung function tests were conducted by a Spiro Lab Spirometer which included forced vital capacity, forced expiratory volume in one second and ratio of forced expiratory volume to forced vital capacity. Results: The mean years of work experience of respondents was 11.58 ±5.92 and that of non-exposed healthy individuals was 11.23±5.32 years. A significant relationship of marble dust and deranged pulmonary function tests (p-value≤0.001) was noted which was normal in case of non-exposed individuals. Duration of work in marble industry and age in years had significant relationship with reduction in pulmonary function tests (p- value<0.001 in each). About 83 (46%) marble workers working in different sections had reported abnormal spirometry as compared to non-exposed individuals (p-value<0.001). Conclusion: According to the current study, individuals who had worked in the marble industry for more than 15 years had a steady reduction in their lung function indices, which ultimately had a detrimental effect on their health and when compared to healthy individuals of the same community, marble workers' pulmonary function tests showed significant impairments.
Rate of Arteriovenous Fistula Stenosis and Access Recirculation among Individuals Receiving Maintenance Hemodialysis
Authors: Hassan Irfana , Khan Adil , Haroon Anita , Mahmud Mahvesh , Awan Muhammad Farrukh Abbas , Fatima Masooda 
Published: May 2024

Background: Arteriovenous fistula stenosis and access recirculation in hemodialysis represent critical challenges, influencing the efficiency of vascular access and dialysis treatment outcomes. Objective: The objective is to assess the prevalence of arteriovenous fistula (the AVF) stenosis as well as access recirculation (AR) in patients of hemodialysis. Study Design: Cross sectional study. Settings: Department of Nephrology, Bolan Medical Complex Hospital, Quetta. Duration: From 1st April 2022 to 1st September, 2022. Methods: Adult patients having age 18 years to 80 years receiving maintenance hemodialysis 3 times in a week were included in this study. Patients who were willing to provide informed consent participated in the study. Patients with active infections or sepsis, with a history of vascular access interventions within the last three months, pregnant or lactating women as well as patients with cognitive impairment were excluded from study. Outcome variables will be incidence of AVF Stenosis which was determined by regular ultrasound assessments and monitoring of clinical symptoms. Statistical analyses were performed using SPS version 22. Results: The study comprised 150 maintenance hemodialysis patients with a mean age of 55±10. Age distribution showed that 20% were between 18-40 years, 53.3% between 41-60 years, 23.3% between 61-80 years, and 3.3% were older than 80 years. Sixty percent (60%) of the participants were male, while 40% were female. The mean duration of AV fistula use was 3.21± 2.65 years, with 14.66% having duration of 6-12 months, 41.33% between 1-3 years, and 44% using AV fistulas for more than 3 years. Seventy-five point three percent (75.3%) of patients had hypertension, 40.0% had diabetes mellitus, and 28.0% had cardiovascular disease. Additionally, 16.7% of patients presented with other comorbidities. Out of total 25 (16.7%) patients were affected by arteriovenous fistula (AVF) stenosis, while access recirculation was observed in 20 patients (13.3%). Conclusion: In conclusion, our study reveals a notable incidence of arteriovenous fistula (AVF) stenosis and access recirculation among maintenance hemodialysis patients. The observed associations with age and AVF duration underscore the complexity of vascular access complications.
Delegation and its Relationship to Job Involvement as Perceived by Staff Nurses in A Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Aslam Ayesha , Farooq Zambeel , Zafar Misbah , Naz Shabana , Kanwal Anmol , Habib Nusrat , Amjad Rehmana 
Published: May 2024

Background: Delegation is a critical ability for nurses; they must become more aware and diligent. It is a crucial component of routine nursing tasks one of the many reasons why every company should have explicit rules and procedures surrounding delegation. Job involvement satisfies a person's conceptual demands, allowing him or her to work more and function better. Objective: To investigate the delegation and its relationship to job involvement as perceived by staff nurses in a tertiary care hospital. Study Design: Quantitative Correlational study design. Settings: Institute of Public Health, Services Hospital, Lahore Pakistan. Duration: 05 May 2021 to 04 August 2021. Methods: Purposive sampling technique was used for sample selection. Sample size of 146 nurses working in a tertiary care hospital Lahore (as charge nurse, head nurse or specialist nurse) was taken. Study was conducted at Services Hospital Lahore. Charge nurses more than 5 years of experience, having specialty (ICU, CCU, ER, and ICN) were included. Licensed practice nurses, lady health visitors, Student nurses, head nurses and charge nurses having experience less than 5 years will be excluded. Results: Results reveal that 88.571% were females and 11.429% males in this study. The results revealed that there was strong positive correlation between delegation and job involvement (r=0.804, p-value= 0.021). Conclusion: It was concluded that there is positive relationship between delegation and job involvement.