bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Barriers and facilitators in self‐care and management of chronic kidney disease in dialysis patients: A systematic review of qualitative studies
Authors: Escudero‐Lopez M. , Martinez‐Andres M. , Marcilla‐Toribio I. , Moratalla‐Cebrian M. L. , Perez‐Moreno A. , Bartolome‐Gutierrez R. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAimTo identify and synthesise qualitative studies on barriers and facilitators perceived by dialysis patients in relation to self‐care and disease management.DesignSystematic review of qualitative studies.Data SourcesQualitative study articles were extracted from PUBMED, MEDLINE, COCHRANE, WEB OF SCIENCE (WOS), CINAHL PsycINFO and EMBASE and electronic journals of the Spanish Society of Nephrology and Spanish Society of Nephrological Nursing until May 2022. Studies on barriers and/or facilitators affecting self‐care and disease management expressed by people undergoing haemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis were included.Review MethodsThe SPICE (Setting, Perspective, Intervention, Comparison and Evaluation) strategy was used to develop issues and subissues through the thematic synthesis of the qualitative findings. GRADE‐CERQual was used to evaluate the articles.ResultsFrom 172 articles, 15 qualitative articles about barriers and facilitators perceived by patients concerning self‐care and disease management were finally included. Identified eight facilitators and four barriers.ConclusionPatients perceived a significant number of barriers and facilitators. It is possible to identify which aspects facilitate self‐management of their disease and to understand that the processes are individualised. This is why therapeutic strategies should be designed to foster the participation and empowerment of the person in the management of the disease.Implications for the profession and/or patient careIdentifying the barriers and facilitators concerning the management of chronic kidney disease furnishes us with knowledge for individualised clinical practice and improved care processes.ImpactThis review is the first to synthesise barriers and facilitators in haemodialysis patients about the management of their disease and treatment. The results enable the proposal of improvements in the training of healthcare personnel, clinical practice guidelines and action protocols to improve the daily life and management of the disease by patients.No patient or public contribution due to this is a systematic review.
Effects of exercise interventions on physical, psychological and social outcomes in frail older adults: An overview of systematic reviews
Authors: Kong Ling‐Na , Lyu Qiong , Liu Dun‐Xiu , Hu Ping 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAimsTo comprehensively synthesise existing evidence from systematic reviews regarding the effects of exercise interventions on physical, psychological and social outcomes in frail older adults to provide reference for clinical practice.BackgroundFrailty is highly prevalent in older adults and associated with increased adverse health outcomes. Some systematic reviews have assessed the effectiveness of exercise interventions in frail older adults with varied inclusion criteria, methodology quality, types of exercise and outcome measures.DesignAn overview of systematic reviews reported following the PRISMA checklist.MethodsPubMed, Embase, CINAHL, Web of Science and Cochrane database were searched from inception until June 2023 to identify relevant systematic reviews with or without meta‐analysis of randomised controlled trails. Two reviewers independently selected articles, extracted data, assessed quality and summarised findings.ResultsA total of 17 systematic reviews were included, with methodology quality varying from moderate to critically low. The most frequent types of exercise were multicomponent exercise and resistance‐based exercise in community and long‐term care facilities, respectively. Exercise interventions had positive effects on most physical outcomes and depression, but inconsistent effects on cognitive function and quality of life. The quality of the evidence for most outcomes was low and very low.ConclusionsThis overview highlights the importance of exercise interventions to improve physical, psychological and social aspects in frail older adults and provides evidence on characteristics of exercise interventions for frailty in various settings.Relevance to clinical practiceMulticomponent exercise and resistance‐based exercise should be recommended for frail older adults. There is a need of more well‐designed research with large sample size and validated definition of frailty. Long‐term effects, adherence during and after exercise interventions, adverse events and cost‐effectiveness should be emphasised in future studies.Trial and Protocol RegistrationThe overview protocol was registered on the International Prospective Register of Systematic reviews (CRD 42021281327).Patient or Public ContributionNo patient or public contribution.Reporting MethodThe Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐analysis (PRISMA) guidelines were applied to report the results.
Fracture load of chairside CAD‐CAM veneers fabricated with pre‐and fully crystalized lithium disilicate ceramics
Authors: Jurado Carlos A. , Yeh Jacquelyn S. , Vidal Cristina M. P. , Cho Seok‐Hwan , Abuhammoud Salahaldeen 
Published: May 2024

AbstractPurposeTo evaluate the fracture load of chairside computer‐aided design and computer‐aided manufacturing (CAD‐CAM) veneers fabricated with two conventional pre‐crystallized and two fully crystallized lithium disilicate ceramic materials.Materials and MethodsSeventy‐five chairside CAD‐CAM veneers (15 specimens/group) for maxillary right central incisors were fabricated with different lithium disilicate brands: (1) IPS e.max CAD; (2) Amber Mill; (3) Cerec Tessera; (4) n!ce Straumann; and (5) GC Initial LiSi Block. Restorations were cemented with resin luting cement (Variolink Esthetic, Ivoclar) to 3D‐printed resin dies. Bonded restorations received 5000 thermal cycles and then were loaded until fracture. Statistical analysis included One‐Way ANOVA.ResultsConventional pre‐crystallized e.max CAD displayed the highest fracture load value (640 N), followed by fully‐crystallized n!ce Straumann (547 N), pre‐crystallized Cerec Tessera (503 N), pre‐crystallized Amber Mill (476 N), respectively; fully‐crystallized GC Initial LiSi Block (431 N) displayed the lowest values. When comparing the fracture load of recent lithium disilicate ceramic material to the e.max group, which acted as the control, significant differences were noted. The LiSi Block GC group, in particular, had considerably higher mean difference values (208.867, p < 0.001, 95% CI [89.63, 328.10]), as did the Amber Mill group (164.200, p = 0.002, 95% CI [44.96, 283.44]) and CEREC Tessera group (137.533, p = 0.016, 95% CI [18.30, 256.77]). The e.max and n!ce Straumann groups had no statistically significant differences in mean scores (92.933, p = 0.198, 95% CI [−26.30, 212.17]). These findings imply that the clinical performance of recent lithium disilicate veneers varies when compared to the e.max CAD group.ConclusionsThe fracture load of chairside CAD‐CAM lithium disilicate veneers for maxillary central incisors varies according to the type of ceramic brands. Conventional pre‐crystallized e.max CAD displayed higher fracture load than the recent pre‐ and fully‐crystallized lithium disilicate materials, emphasizing the significance of choosing the right product based on the desired clinical outcome.
Congenital erythropoietic porphyria
Authors: To‐Figueras Jordi , Erwin Angelika L. , Aguilera Paula , Millet Oscar , Desnick Robert J. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractCongenital erythropoietic porphyria (CEP) is a rare autosomal recessive disease due to the deficient, but not absent, activity of uroporphyrinogen III synthase (UROS), the fourth enzyme in the heme biosynthesis pathway. Biallelic variants in the UROS gene result in decreased UROS enzymatic activity and the accumulation of non‐physiologic Type I porphyrins in cells and fluids. Overproduced uroporphyrins in haematopoietic cells are released into the circulation and distributed to tissues, inducing primarily hematologic and dermatologic symptoms. The clinical manifestations vary in severity ranging from non‐immune hydrops fetalis in utero to mild dermatologic manifestations in adults. Here, the biochemical, molecular and clinical features of CEP as well as current and new treatment options, including the rescue of UROS enzyme activity by chaperones, are presented.
The costs of Suaahara II, a complex scaled‐up multisectoral nutrition programme in Nepal
Authors: Choo Esther M. , Kemp Christopher G. , Sagun K. C. , Paudel Uttam , Wun Jolene , Cunningham Kenda , Acharya Pushpa , Rana Pooja Pandey , Levin Carol 
Published: May 2024

AbstractLimited evidence exists on the costs of scaled‐up multisectoral nutrition programmes. Such evidence is crucial to assess intervention value and affordability. Evidence is also lacking on the opportunity costs of implementers and participants engaging in community‐level interventions. We help to fill this gap by estimating the full financial and economic costs of the United States Agency for International Development‐funded Suaahara II (SII) programme, a scaled‐up multisectoral nutrition programme in Nepal (2016–2023). We applied a standardized mixed methods costing approach to estimate total and unit costs over a 3.7‐year implementation period. Financial expenditure data from national and subnational levels were combined with economic cost estimates assessed using in‐depth interviews and focus group discussions with staff, volunteers, community members, and government partners in four representative districts. The average annual total cost was US$908,948 per district, with economic costs accounting for 47% of the costs. The annual unit cost was US$132 per programme participant (mother in the 1000‐day period between conception and a child's second birthday) reached. Annual costs ranged from US$152 (mountains) to US$118 (plains) per programme participant. Personnel (63%) were the largest input cost driver, followed by supplies (11%). Community events (29%) and household counselling visits (17%) were the largest activity cost drivers. Volunteer cadres contributed significant time to the programme, with female community health volunteers spending a substantial amount of time (27 h per month) on SII activities. Multisectoral nutrition programmes can be costly, especially when taking into consideration volunteer and participant opportunity costs. This study provides much‐needed evidence of the costs of scaled‐up multisectoral nutrition programmes for future comparison against benefits.
Knowing what to do
Authors: Jerzak Ethan , Kocurek Alexander W. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractMuch has been written on whether practical knowledge (knowledge‐how) reduces to propositional knowledge (knowledge‐that). Less attention has been paid to what we call deliberative knowledge (knowledge‐to), i.e., knowledge ascriptions embedding other infinitival questions, like where to meet, when to leave, and what to bring. We offer an analysis of knowledge‐to and argue on its basis that, regardless of whether knowledge‐how reduces to knowledge‐that, no such reduction of knowledge‐to is forthcoming. Knowledge‐to, unlike knowledge‐that and knowledge‐how, requires the agent to have formed certain conditional intentions. We discuss the philosophical implications for knowledge‐how, deliberative questions, and virtue.
Artificial intelligence as a prediction tool for orthognathic surgery assessment
Authors: de Oliveira Pedro Henrique José , Li Tengfei , Li Haoyue , Gonçalves João Roberto , Santos‐Pinto Ary , Gandini Junior Luiz Gonzaga , Cevidanes Lucia Soares , Toyama Claudia , Feltrin Guilherme Paladini , Campanha Antonio Augusto , de Oliveira Junior Melchiades Alves , Bianchi Jonas 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIntroductionAn ideal orthodontic treatment involves qualitative and quantitative measurements of dental and skeletal components to evaluate patients' discrepancies, such as facial, occlusal, and functional characteristics. Deciding between orthodontics and orthognathic surgery remains challenging, especially in borderline patients. Advances in technology are aiding clinical decisions in orthodontics. The increasing availability of data and the era of big data enable the use of artificial intelligence to guide clinicians' diagnoses. This study aims to test the capacity of different machine learning (ML) models to predict whether orthognathic surgery or orthodontics treatment is required, using soft and hard tissue cephalometric values.MethodsA total of 920 lateral radiographs from patients previously treated with either conventional orthodontics or in combination with orthognathic surgery were used, comprising n = 558 Class II and n = 362 Class III patients, respectively. Thirty‐two measures were obtained from each cephalogram at the initial appointment. The subjects were randomly divided into training (n = 552), validation (n = 183), and test (n = 185) datasets, both as an entire sample and divided into Class II and Class III sub‐groups. The extracted data were evaluated using 10 machine learning models and by a four‐expert panel consisting of orthodontists (n = 2) and surgeons (n = 2).ResultsThe combined prediction of 10 models showed top‐ranked performance in the testing dataset for accuracy, F1‐score, and AUC (entire sample: 0.707, 0.706, 0.791; Class II: 0.759, 0.758, 0.824; Class III: 0.822, 0.807, 0.89).ConclusionsThe proposed combined 10 ML approach model accurately predicted the need for orthognathic surgery, showing better performance in Class III patients.
The impact of performance information on citizen perceptions of school district efficiency, trust in government, and support for taxes
Authors: Brunner Eric J. , Kim Yusun , Robbins Mark D. , Simonsen Bill 
Published: May 2024

AbstractWe report the results of a random assignment experiment that examines the effect of revealing actual school district performance on three important outcomes: perceptions of efficiency, trust in government, and support for higher taxes for increased school spending. We randomly assign survey respondents to a control group or experimental condition that includes information about how their school district's test scores compare to their state average. Our study includes 2604 observations from an on‐line panel fielded in the United States from October through December, 2022 which allows us to precisely estimate the effect of performance information on outcomes. We find that providing high‐performance information has significant and substantial effects that improve efficiency perceptions, trust in the school district, and support for taxes.
Compliance and assessment outcomes in the personal property tax
Authors: Propheter Geoffrey 
Published: May 2024

AbstractPersonal property taxpayers must decide the sort and quality of property information to report to assessors. Differences in the extent of compliance across personal property owners may result in assessors over‐ or underassessing noncompliers relative to compliers, which has policy implications for assessment equity and noncompliance penalties. Using nonparametric matching on a panel of restaurants from Dallas County, Texas from 2008 through 2022, I find consistent evidence that noncompliers are underassessed relative to compliers. Results suggest that Texas's statutory penalty rate for noncompliance should be almost twice as much for the rational property owner to be indifferent to compliance.
Phytophthora and Phytopythium species associated with walnut dieback in plantations of northern Patagonia, Argentina
Authors: Marfetan Jorge A. , Fernández Diana , Gallo Ana L. , Vélez María L. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe walnut industry in Argentina has grown in recent years, especially in northern Patagonia. However, this expansion has also brought new challenges, including the emergence of diseases threatening the health and productivity of walnut plantations. One of the most important diseases affecting walnut crops worldwide is ‘ink disease’ or ‘walnut dieback'. The aim of this study was to characterize ink disease, identify the aetiological agents, and estimate its incidence in walnut orchards of northern Patagonia, Argentina. Symptomatic trees were observed in the seven surveyed walnut orchards, showing a range of symptoms, including chlorosis and wilting, stem cankers and desiccation. In vivo assay and molecular analyses revealed that not only Phytophthora (P.) but also Phytopythium (Ph.) species are the causal agents of the disease, with P. drechsleri, Ph. mercuriale and Ph. vexans being the most virulent over the commonly used rootstock Juglans hindsii. Notably, Ph. vexans was the most frequently isolated pathogen, suggesting its prevalence and potential impact on the regional walnut industry. Overall, this study provides critical insights into the prevalence and impact of Phytophthora and Phytopythium species on walnut health in northern Patagonia. The presence of multiple pathogenic oomycete species raises concerns about the health of walnut orchards, as well as the potential risk of pathogen transmission to other fruit crops in the region. The findings will help growers to develop better cultural practices and implement measures to guarantee the sustainability of the walnut industry in Patagonia.
Process evaluation of the CO‐WORK‐CARE model: Collaboration and a person‐centred dialogue meeting for patients with common mental disorder in primary health care
Authors: Petersson Eva‐Lisa , Törnbom Karin , Björkelund Cecilia , Jerlock Margaretha , Hange Dominique , Udo Camilla , Svenningsson Irene 
Published: May 2024

AbstractRationaleTo ensure optimal patient care based on evidence, it is crucial to understand how to implement new methods in practice. However, intervention studies often overlook parts of the implementation process. A comprehensive process evaluation is necessary to understand why interventions succeed or fail in specific contexts and to integrate new knowledge into daily practice. This evaluation examines the full implementation of the Co‐Work‐Care model in Swedish primary healthcare to identify strengths and weaknesses.AimThis study aimed to evaluate the process of implementing the CO‐WORK‐CARE model that focuses on close collaboration and the use of a person‐centred dialogue meeting in primary healthcare for patients on sick leave due to common mental disorders.MethodThe CO‐WORK‐CARE model emphasises collaboration among the GP, rehabilitation coordinator and care manager, along with person‐centred dialogue meetings involving employers. Following UK Medical Research Council guidelines, we conducted a process evaluation. Data from previous studies were reanalysed. We also analysed field notes and meeting notes using Malterud's qualitative method.ResultsThe evaluation identified key facilitators for model implementation, including regular visits by facilitators and guidance from the research physician. Peer support meetings also bolstered implementation. However, challenges emerged due to conflicts with existing structures and limitations in person‐centred dialogue meetings.ConclusionAdapting the CO‐WORK‐CARE model to Swedish primary care is feasible and beneficial, with collaboration among the care manager, rehabilitation coordinator and GP and person‐centred dialogue meetings. Thorough preparations, ongoing facilitator and peer support and integrated information enhanced implementation efficiency, despite challenges posed by existing structures.
Developing Structural and Civil Engineering (SCE) Curriculum in sub-Sahara African Nations on the Foundation of the Developed Nations, in Training, Practices and Technology – Nigeria as Case Study
Authors: Fapohunda Christopher , Abioye Adekunle , Osanyinlokun Oluwatoyin 
Published: May 2024

The training and practice of structural and civil engineering (SCE) education in developing nations, especially the sub-Sahara African nations, are not as robust and dynamic when compared to what are operating in the developed Nations of the World. Available resources in the public domain show strong evidence of a sustained fundamental link of SCE training and practice of the developed nations to the classical training of the ancient Caesar’s Rome. This paper looks into the training and practice of structural and civil engineering about 2000 years ago in the imperial Caesar’s Rome. The data used were collected from the information available from the public domain. The results showed that: (i) the curriculum for SCE education was very wide and deep and it is in partnership with the State (ii) the training together with the attendant skill development program/schemes began early at Roman home, (iii) SCE is deeply connected to Latin and Greek languages, and (iv) a heavy dependence on classical philosophical studies existed. It is thus concluded that the curriculum for SCE engineering in developing nations be tied to these foundations.
Selection of Phase Change Material for Latent Heat Thermal Energy Storage Using a Hairpin Heat Exchanger: Numerical Study
Authors: Kumari Pallavi , Raj Akash , Ghosh Debasree 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Phase change materials (PCMs) are promising for storing thermal energy as latent heat, addressing power shortages. Growing demand for concentrated solar power systems has spurred the development of latent thermal energy storage, offering steady temperature release and compact heat exchanger designs. This study explores melting and solidification in a hairpin-type heat exchanger (HEX) using three PCMs (RT 50, RT 27, and RT 35). A 3D model of the HEX is drawn using Ansys-workbench. High-temperature fluid/low-temperature fluid (HTF/LTF) with Stefan numbers (0.44, 0.35, and 0.23) flows through the inner pipe to charge the outer pipe's PCM. The Enthalpy-porosity model is used to study the melting and solidification of various PCMs, and the results were compared. Also, individual thermophysical properties that affect the heat transfer during the melting and solidification process have been discussed. It is observed that low thermal conductivity material with high latent heat is preferred for cold climates. In this study, RT 27 excels in cold climates due to extended solidification time, while RT 50 is effective in tropical regions due to its high melting points and lower latent heat.