bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Birth by Cesarean Delivery and Failure on First Otoacoustic Emissions Hearing Test
Authors: Smolkin Tatiana , Mick Orna , Dabbah Maisam , Blazer Shraga , Grakovsky Galina , Gabay Noah , Gordin Arie , Makhoul Imad R. 
Published: June 2012

BACKGROUND:Neonatal hearing screening occasionally fails. We noticed that infants born by cesarean delivery (CD) appeared to fail the first otoacoustic emissions (OAE) test more frequently than infants delivered vaginally (VD). This might increase maternal anxiety. We aimed to evaluate the influence of mode of delivery on failure to pass the first OAE.METHODS:Overall, 1653 infants of &gt;35 weeks’ gestation were evaluated. OAE was performed before discharge. Perinatal-neonatal variables and results of OAE were recorded retrospectively.RESULTS:Compared with VD infants, CD infants had lower gestational age and 1-minute Apgar, more small for gestational age (SGA), and earlier age at first OAE. Univariate analysis: CD, male gender, gestational age 35 to 37 weeks, birth weight ≤2500 g, SGA, and younger age at first OAE were significantly associated with failed first OAE. In infants weighing 2501 to 4000 g, CD infants had 3-fold higher rates of failed first OAE in comparison with VD infants (20.7% vs 7.1%) before 48 hours of age. In the multivariate analysis, variables independently significantly associated with failed first OAE were male gender (odds ratio [OR] 1.42 [1.02–1.98]), CD (emergency CD: OR 3.18 [2.21–4.57], elective CD: OR 3.32 [2.04–5.42]), age 12 to 23 hours at first OAE (OR 3.1 [2.1–4.58]) and SGA (OR 2.2 [1.15–4.28]).CONCLUSIONS:CD infants had significantly higher failure rates on first OAE. We speculate that CD is accompanied by retained fluid in middle ear which may impair neonatal hearing. The timing of first OAE after CD should preferably be postponed beyond 48 hours of age to improve OAE passage and minimize maternal anxiety and costs.
Numerical and experimental study of heat transfer in gas-solid flow: Particle cooling
Authors: El-Behery S. M. , El-Askary W. A. , Hamed M. H. , Ibrahim K. A. 
Published: June 2012

Abstract
Heat transfer in gas-solid two-phase flow is investigated numerically and experimentally. The numerical computations are carried out using four-way coupling Eulerian-Lagrangian approach. The effects of particle rotation and lift forces are included in the model. The gas-phase turbulence is modeled via low Reynolds number k-ε turbulence models. The SIMPLE algorithm is extended to take the effect of compressibility into account. The experimental study is performed using crushed limestone to simulate the solid phase. The effects of Reynolds numbers, particles size and temperature on the pressure drop and the temperature of the phases are investigated. The model predictions are found to be in a good agreement with available experimental data for high speed gas-solid flow and present experimental data for low speed flow. The present results indicate that heat transfer in gas solid flow can be modeled using ideal gas incompressible flow model at low conveying speed, while for high speed flow, a full compressible model should be used.
Contribution to mathematical modelling of charging and discharging of the seasonal heat storage tank
Authors: Böszörményi L. , Šiváková E. 
Published: June 2012

Abstract
The seasonal heat storage tank is the most important component of the SDH system, which allows significant increase in the share of solar energy in heat supply in comparison with conventional solar systems with short-term accumulation of heat. The adverse impact of their investment sophistication on competitiveness may be compensated by the increased use. For example: Administrative cooperation with heat pump allows increasing the accumulation capacity of the seasonal heat storage tank. Such cooperetion causes the direct use of heating energy and the accumulation of cooling energy produced by heat punp in the final stage of the heating period. It can be used to remote cooling supplied buildings. Experimentation on mathematical models is possible to obtain valuable insights about the dynamics of the processes of charging and discharging in the seasonal storage tank and subsequently used in the design, implementation and operation.
Testing and Perforating in the HPHT Deep and Ultradeep Water Environment
Authors: Wendler C. , Scott M. 
Published: June 2012

Abstract
The US Gulf of Mexico is one of the few regions in the world where wells are completed in the deepwater Miocene and Lower Tertiary reservoirs. These deepwater plays have required constant technological improvement to equipment service capabilities in order to maintain integrity in the 30,000-psi environments and minimize risks. Although capable tools and guns have been developed, continuous assessing of reliability still remains vital in the exploratory processes.
Testing for production assessment in deep and ultra-deep water is critical, and when target reservoirs produce heavy oil, gas and condensate, or are in HP/HT environments, planning safe tests with risk mitigation that can gather high-quality data is paramount. Because of the high rig rates for deep-water operations, prolonged periods of low temperature and heat loss that can affect production or enable hydrate formation and other environmental challenges cannot be ignored. Fluid volumes and water depths can increase well-control time and expense. Also, since well tests are conducted from mobile vessels, alarm and subsea equipment philosophies are critical to success, and well-test string configurations must be flexible yet control well safety.
Obviously, all issues must be understood for the program plan to anticipate the potential challenges. The purpose of this paper is to explore these issues as well as discuss mitigation methodologies. The considerations, merits, and limitations of various solutions will be considered. Lessons learned from actual cases will compare the consequences of inadequate preparation to the benefits of proper design.
This paper explains why and how the methods and equipment suggested should be used and will include:
DP vessel testing Well integrity at extreme depths and pressures Functional pressure-operated tool windows Coiled tubing Cushion and mud-type criteria Hydrate prevention Perforating strategies.
Evaluation of Thermal/Solvent Applications with and without Cold Heavy Oil Production with Sand (CHOPS)
Authors: Rangriz Shokri A. , Babadagli T. 
Published: June 2012

Abstract
Typical recovery factor for conventional heavy oil primary production has been reported about 1-5% of original oil in place. The recovery factor of cold production can be improved up to 5-20% using other techniques, Cold Heavy Oil Production with Sand (CHOPS) being one of them(1,2). CHOPS is a deliberate sand production with oil in unconsolidated sand reservoirs with an oil viscosity of 500 to 15000 cP. It is believed that sand production increases oil rate and makes the well to remain at the economic limit of cold production. Based on field observations and laboratory experiments, it creates cavity and wormholes at least around the well and possibly far further in the reservoir. This wormhole pattern not only increases the oil production rate, but also alters reservoir characteristics in a dramatic fashion.
Based on current literature, CHOPS offers a very low OPEX and CAPEX compared to thermal methods and surface mining. During CHOPS, many of the important properties of the reservoir change. Mathematically, it means a need for predictive and dynamic models and simulations for CHOPS. Unfortunately, due to dynamic changes of reservoir properties, no valid model is available to simulate CHOPS production. But, it is believed, after certain sand production period and in the beginning of subsequent enhanced oil recovery processes, these dynamic changes become very rare. Hence, a dual porosity approach can be practically employed for post-CHOPS studies.
In this paper, we present a partial dual porosity modeling approach with selective wormhole patterns, depending on the well perforations and geological properties. First, wormhole patterns are generated and introduced into a static model. It is assumed that wormhole properties are a function of its radius and it can be controlled along with its length and pattern, which facilitates history matching process. After validation of the model with available field data, different post-CHOPS scenarios are studied. Proposed simulation approach to create post-CHOPS is flexible and can be applied in both black-oil and compositional simulators.
Exploitation of Elite Maize (Zea mays L.) Germplasm across Maturity Zones
Authors: Steinhoff Jana , Liu Wenxin , Maurer Hans Peter , Würschum Tobias , C. Friedrich H. Longin , Ranc Nicolas , Reif Jochen C. 
Published: June 2012

ABSTRACTTransfer of elite lines across maturity zones is important because it facilitates the exploitation of indirect selection gain. The main goal of this study was to investigate strategies to guide the transfer of elite lines from Southern Europe to the U.S. Corn Belt. Testcrosses of progenies of six biparental populations derived from a diallel cross of four Southern European elite lines were evaluated together with adapted commercial checks in 10 Southern European and six U.S. Corn Belt environments in 2007 for grain yield and grain moisture when crossed to adapted testers. Moreover, the 788 genotypes were fingerprinted with 857 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers and multiple‐line cross quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping was performed. Some testcross progenies in the U.S. Corn Belt reached grain yield performance comparable to the best check, which suggests that direct use of Southern European lines is promising. The success of using grain yield or grain moisture data determined in Southern Europe to preselect Southern European lines for use in the U.S. Corn Belt is limited. Moreover, we observed a complex genetic architecture of adaptation with absence of major QTL and strong QTL by background interactions. We found evidence that epistasis influences adaptation, additionally hampering the success of marker‐guided transfer of germplasm from Southern Europe to the U.S. Corn Belt.
Effects of Abiotic Stress on Respiratory Carbon Loss of Two Maize (Zea mays L.) Inbred Lines and Their Hybrid During Silking and Grain‐Filling
Authors: Earl Hugh J. , Liu Weidong , Bowley Stephen R. , Tollenaar Matthijs 
Published: June 2012

ABSTRACTHigh‐yielding commercial maize (Zea mays L.) hybrids have higher seasonal dry matter accumulation (DMA) than their inbred parents, with the difference often being greater under conditions of abiotic stress. The greater DMA of high‐yielding maize genotypes has been attributed in part to maintenance of higher leaf photosynthetic capacity during the grain‐filling period, but it is possible that lower respiratory C loss also contributes to higher DMA. We compared the root and shoot dark respiration rates of a hybrid to those of its two parental inbred lines under resource‐replete conditions, and also under conditions of shade stress, water stress, and N stress. Stress treatments applied over a 3‐wk period around silking did not affect root or shoot respiration rates per unit dry weight (DW). By contrast, all three stress treatments reduced respiration per unit DW when the stresses were applied over 3 wk during the grain‐filling period. By 5 wk after silking, respiration per unit DW was significantly lower in the hybrid than in either of the inbred lines, but this may have been due to greater dilution of the respiration signal by the accumulation of structural biomass and/or storage tissues in the hybrid, rather than a lower respiration rate per se. We did not find strong evidence that the hybrid benefited from fundamentally lower respiratory requirements than its inbred parents, or that the hybrid and its parental inbreds differed in their respiratory responses to abiotic stress.
Evaluation of Population Structure within Diploid Agrostis Germplasm Based on Miniature Inverted‐Repeat Transposable Elements
Authors: Amundsen Keenan , Brown Rebecca , Jung Geunhwa , Warnke Scott 
Published: June 2012

ABSTRACTThe bentgrasses (Agrostis spp.) are valuable species to the turfgrass industry. The bentgrasses have complex genomes resulting from interspecific hybridization and polyploidization events. The New England Velvet Bentgrass collection along with diploid germplasm present in the National Plant Germplasm System represent the largest collections of publicly available diploid Agrostis germplasm within the United States. In the present study, 1225 miniature inverted‐repeat transposable element (MITE)‐display genetic markers were used to assess the amount of genetic diversity within a collection of 181 diploid Agrostis selections. Structure v. 2.3.3 was used to determine population structure and suggests that five subpopulations best explain the genetic variation present within this germplasm. An analysis of molecular variance and principal coordinate analysis also supports the subgroupings defined by the Structure analysis. Nine selections were found to be genetically similar to Agrostis stolonifera L. and may be related to one of its diploid progenitors. Our improved understanding of the genetic diversity among these diploid selections, resulting from this study, will help Agrostis breeders transfer important traits from these unimproved selections for cultivar improvement.
Specific models for estimation of locally oriented laboratory thermal conductivity of tertiary sediments in the Niger Delta using wire line logs
Authors: Thompson Akpabio , Jimmy George , Michael Udofia 
Published: June 2012

Abstract
In this study, specific development of empirical models for estimation of laboratory thermal conductivities from wire line log thermal conductivity within the ambience of locally oriented wells located in the Niger Delta have been established. The laboratory thermal conductivity is characterised with high fidelity compared to wire line log thermal conductivity whose values vary as the dependence of lithology of the subsurface geomaterials, well effects, as well as the effects of the limited bed thickness of the adjacent lithological units of the Niger Delta where the study was stationed. The generalised equation kleff = 0.709 kweff + 0.188 is an empirically estimated model based on site variables (porosity, permeability and temperature) and constants (cementation factor, formation factor and tortuosity) of the locally oriented wells in the Niger Delta. It can be used to set bounds on the unstable wire line log thermal conductivity values within the 1-2.5 km depths where the oil-rich geomaterials in the Niger Delta are usually found. Equations have been established which show inter-convertibility between laboratory and wire line log thermal conductivity. These equations are considered useful in converting the available wire line log thermal conductivity data of nearby wells in the area to the usually desired and stable laboratory thermal conductivity. Various diagrams in 2-D and 3-D have been established to show the distribution of the parameters considered, and this could help the operating companies in the zone to predict the density of oil.
Retrospective Study of Posterior Cervical Fusions With rhBMP-2
Authors: Hodges Scott D. , Eck Jason C. , Newton Danette 
Published: June 2012

Posterior cervical decompression and fusion can be performed for various spinal conditions. Previous rates of pseudoarthrosis have been reported in up to 38% of patients. The use of bone morphogenic protein (BMP) has been approved for use in certain anterior lumbar interbody fusion techniques to decrease the incidence of pseudoarthrosis. Bone morphogenic protein in the anterior cervical spine carries a potential increased risk of airway complications; however, few data exist on the safety and efficacy of BMP in the posterior cervical spine. The purpose of this study was to evaluate fusion success, safety, and heterotopic bone formation using BMP in posterior cervical fusion.
Twenty-nine patients who received posterior cervical fusion with BMP were followed for a minimum of 12 months. Computed tomography scans were obtained at a minimum of 12 months postoperatively to evaluate for solid arthrodesis and the presence of heterotopic bone formation. Patients’ demographic data and adverse events were evaluated. All patients underwent posterior cervical decompression and instrumented fusion of at least 1 level between 2006 and 2008. Of 37 patients eligible for the study, 29 agreed to participate. Three (10.3%) of 29 patients developed pseudoarthrosis, as found on computed tomography scan. None of these went on to further surgery. No evidence existed of heterotopic bone formation outside of the lateral masses or bone growth over the spinal canal or neuroforamen. No adverse events were related to the use of BMP in this series of posterior cervical fusions. Bone morphogenic protein can be used safely in posterior cervical spine fusion, but additional larger studies are recommended. Even with the use of bone morphogenic protein, the possibility of pseudoarthrosis exists.
Posttraumatic Focal Dystonia of the Shoulder
Authors: Vasileiadis Georgios I. , Sakellariou Vasileios I. , Papagelopoulos Panayiotis J. , Zoubos Aristeides B. 
Published: June 2012

Focal posttraumatic shoulder dystonia is a rare and not easily identifiable entity. Its true pathophysiologic nature, predisposing factors, and disease course remain debatable.
This article describes a rare case of a 40-year-old man with late symptoms of focal shoulder dystonia after peripheral trauma of his left shoulder girdle. The shoulder was indirectly injured from the impact of a fall off his motorbike 3 years earlier. He was referred to the authors’ institution because remarkable reduction of arm abduction, muscle spasms, and circumscribed hypertrophy of the trapezius muscle were noted while his head and neck were in neutral position and had a full range of motion. The left shoulder had a fixed elevated posture compared with the contralateral shoulder. A continuous burning pain was localized over the area of the hypertrophied trapezius muscle, radiating to the ipsilateral side of the head and neck. Dystonic movements of the trapezius, rhomboid, and supraspinatus muscles were observed. The abduction of the shoulder was significantly decreased, and any repetitive effort for arm abduction induced an exaggeration of his movement disorder, leading to a more pronounced shoulder elevation.
Plain radiographs and magnetic resonance imaging of the left shoulder revealed a suprascapular tendinitis with no other abnormalities. Repeated needle electromyography of the left trapezius muscle and neurography of the accessory nerve on both sides were normal. Injections of botulinum toxin A were effective in the resolution of muscle hypertrophy and abnormal posture.
Optic Disc and Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer Parameters of Eyes With Keratoconus
Authors: Cankaya Ali Bulent , Beyazyildiz Emrullah , Ileri Dilek , Yilmazbas Pelin 
Published: June 2012

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:
To evaluate optic nerve head (ONH) characteristics and retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness measurements in patients with nonglaucomatous keratoconus.

PATIENTS AND METHODS:
This was a cross-sectional, observational study in which 46 patients with keratoconus and 74 healthy subjects were included. Analysis of ONH and RNFL imaging were performed by confocal scanning laser ophthalmoscopy and optical coherence tomography, respectively.

RESULTS:

Eyes with keratoconus had larger disc area (2.37 ± 0.5 vs 2.17 ± 0.36 mm
2
) (
P
= .013), larger cup area (0.65 ± 0.53 vs 0.49 ± 0.28 mm
2
) (
P
= .035) and deeper cup depths (for mean cup depth 0.24 ± 0.09 vs 0.20 ± 0.07 mm,
P
= .008 and for maximum cup depth 0.69 ± 0.27 vs 0.60 ± 0.17 mm,
P
= .037) than control group eyes. Height variation contour also differed in the two groups (
P
= .007) but RNFL measurements did not.

CONCLUSION:
RNFL thickness between patients with keratoconus and healthy subjects seems to be more comparable than ONH parameters.
Improving the Accuracy of Eyewitnesses in the Presence of Misinformation with the Plurality Option
Authors: Luna Karlos , Martín‐Luengo Beatriz 
Published: June 2012

SummaryMisinformation has negative effects in the accuracy of eyewitnesses' reports. We investigated whether those negative effects could be reduced when participants are allowed to decide how many answers to include in their answers, that is, to regulate the plurality option. Participants watched a slideshow and received misinformation through a narrative. In the recognition memory test, participants had to select, out of five alternatives, one (single) and then three alternatives (plural answer) and to indicate which one they preferred to report if they were in a courtroom. Perceived likelihood ratings were also collected. Results showed that the regulation of the plurality option increased accuracy even in the presence of misinformation and highlighted the importance of the perceived likelihood ratings in the decision to select a single or plural answer. In general, the results suggest that better testimonies could be obtained if witnesses are given some control over their answers. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Chemiluminescent and Antioxidant Micelles as Theranostic Agents for Hydrogen Peroxide Associated‐Inflammatory Diseases
Authors: Cho Sujin , Hwang On , Lee Iljea , Lee Gayoung , Yoo Donghyuck , Khang Gilson , Kang Peter M. , Lee Dongwon 
Published: June 2012

AbstractHydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is one of essential oxygen metabolites in living organisms, but is generated in large amounts during inflammatory responses. Therefore, H2O2 has great potential as diagnostic and therapeutic markers of several inflammatory and life‐threatening diseases. Here, chemiluminescent and antioxidant micelles are reported as novel theranostic agents for H2O2‐associated inflammatory diseases. The chemiluminescent micelles composed of amphiphilic block copolymer Pluronic F‐127, hydroxybenzyl alcohol‐incorporated copolyoxalate (HPOX) and fluorescent dyes perform peroxalate chemiluminescence reactions to detect H2O2 as low as 100 nM and image H2O2 generated in inflamed mouse ankles. The micelles encapsulating HPOX reduce the generation of reactive oxygen species in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐activated macrophages by scavenging overproduced H2O2 and releasing antioxidant hydroxybenzyl alcohol (HBA). They also exert inhibitory effects on H2O2‐induced apoptosis. HPOX‐based chemiluminescent and antioxidant micelles have great potential as a theranostic agent for H2O2‐associated inflammatory diseases.
An aging program at the systems level?
Authors: Han Jing‐Dong Jackie 
Published: June 2012

AbstractMany genes and pathways are known to modulate lifespan in various organisms, but it remains unclear whether there exists a common aging program, and how individual variations of lifespan can occur in an isogenic population. Recent studies on aging regulation at the systems and epigenetic levels point to the possibility of regulating and potentially reversing the aging epigenome and transcriptome, resulting in differential aging status and aging rate in different individuals. Here, the author summarize some of these findings and discuss the possibility of integrating multiple layers of aging regulation at the systems level, to identify an aging program that can explain lifespan variations introduced by environmental and developmental history. Birth Defects Research (Part C) 96:206–211, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.