bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Time to recanalization and risk of symptomatic intracerebral haemorrhage in patients treated with intravenous thrombolysis
Authors: Dorado L. , Millán M. , Pérez de la Ossa N. , Guerrero C. , Gomis M. , Aleu A. , López‐Cancio E. , Cuadras P. , Dávalos A. 
Published: May 2012

Background and purposeTo test whether time to recanalization is associated with a progressive risk of symptomatic intracerebral haemorrhage (SICH) after intravenous alteplase (IVT), we conducted a serial transcranial duplex monitoring study up to 24 h after IVT in a cohort of 140 patients with acute ischaemic stroke attributed to large artery occlusion in the anterior circulation.MethodsPatients were classified in four groups according to the time to complete recanalization (Thrombolysis in Brain Ischaemia, TIBI grades 4 or 5) after alteplase bolus: <2 h (n = 53), 2–6 h (n = 9), 6–24 h (n = 32) and no recanalization (NR) at 24 h (n = 46). SICH was defined as any haemorrhagic transformation with National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score worsening ≥4 points (European Australian Acute Stroke Study II, ECASS II criteria) or parenchymal haematoma type 2 with neurological worsening (SITS‐MOST criteria) in the 24–36 h CT. Favourable outcome was defined as modified Rankin score ≤2 at 3 months.ResultsThere were no differences between the groups of patients who recanalized at each time frame regarding localization of the occlusion (
P
= 0.29), stroke severity at baseline (
P
= 0.22) and age (
P
= 0.06). SICH (ECASS/SITS‐MOST) was observed in 5.7%/5.7% of the patients who recanalized in <2 h, in 0%/0% of the patients who recanalized between 2–6 h, in 3.1%/3.1% of the patients who recanalized within 6–24 h and in 2.2%/0% of those patients who did not recanalize at 24 h. The rate of favourable outcome according to the time of recanalization was 79.2%, 50%, 46.9% and 34.1% (P < 0.001).ConclusionsOur findings are in line with the literature showing a relationship between time to recanalization and functional outcome after IVT in acute stroke, but they do not confirm a progressive increase in the rate of SICH.
Pain following stroke, initially and at 3 and 18 months after stroke, and its association with other disabilities
Authors: Sommerfeld D. K. , Welmer A.‐K. 
Published: May 2012

Background and purposeA general hypothesis is that pain following stroke (PFS) causes disabilities. However, the clinical implication of PFS on other disabilities after stroke and vice versa has not been fully investigated. The aims of this observational study were to analyze the correlation between PFS and other disabilities at different time points after stroke, whether PFS can be a predictor of coming disabilities and whether other disabilities can be predictors of coming PFS.MethodsPatients with a first‐ever stroke were assessed initially (n = 109), and at 3 (n = 95) and 18 months (n = 66) after stroke for PFS, mobility, self‐care as well as touch, proprioceptive, muscle tone, and movement functions.ResultsPFS was correlated to impaired upper extremity movement function on all occasions, while the correlations between PFS and other disabilities varied across the three occasions. Initial PFS and PFS at 3 months did not independently predict coming disabilities. Initial mobility limitation independently predicted PFS at 3 months and impaired touch function, initially and at 3 months, independently predicted PFS at 18 months. No other disabilities independently predicted coming PFS.ConclusionsThe present results do not support the hypothesis that PFS causes other disabilities. Our results indicate that PFS is correlated to other disabilities; however, no ultimate conclusions can be drawn on causality. PFS was not a predictor of coming disabilities, while some disabilities were predictors of coming PFS.
Behçet’s disease in concurrence with psoriasis
Authors: Cho S. , Cho S.B. , Choi M.J. , Zheng Z. , Bang D. 
Published: May 2012

AbstractBackground  Behçet’s disease (BD) and psoriasis are chronic inflammatory diseases characterized by multisystemic vasculitis and epidermal hyperplasia respectively. Although it has been found that the pathogenesis of BD and psoriasis share common perspectives, reports of patients who have both diseases in concurrence are rare.Objectives  To analyse and evaluate the clinical manifestations of BD patients who have psoriasis together.Methods  Retrospective evaluation of the medical records of nine BD patients who were also diagnosed with psoriasis at the BD Specialty Clinic of Severance Hospital was carried out. We analysed the characteristics of patients and the clinical activity of both diseases, and also the effect of the treatment of one disease against the other.Results  Of the nine BD patients who also had psoriasis, male to female ratio was 1 : 2. Two (22.2%) patients had a complete type of BD and seven (77.8%) patients had an incomplete type of BD. For the psoriatic lesions, all nine (100%) patients were diagnosed as psoriasis vulgaris. Five (55.6%) patients had BD as the preceding disease and four (44.4%) patients had psoriasis as the preceding. All five patients who formerly developed BD followed by psoriasis had an active state of BD, but the activity of psoriasis of all nine patients was minimal to average.Conclusion  In this study, we evaluated the clinical manifestations of nine patients who had BD and psoriasis together. Although the exact pathogenesis remains unclear, there might be some influence by each disease to the other between BD and psoriasis.
Provisioning call by mothers of a subsocial shield bug
Authors: Nomakuchi S. , Yanagi T. , Baba N. , Takahira A. , Hironaka M. , Filippi L. 
Published: May 2012

AbstractThe offspring of many animal species solicit food from parents using begging signals, while parents manipulate offspring behavior to optimize fitness using various signals. FemaleParastrachia japonensis(Heteroptera) provision nests with drupes of the host tree. Provisioning females were recently heard emitting a low‐pitched fluttering sound that we characterized in the field using a contact microphone. A single calling event consisted of multiple sound bouts of varying lengths. A fastFourier transform analysis revealed a frequency range of 0∼1 kHz. We hypothesized that the call is specific to provisioning behavior in the context of parent–offspring communication, and tentatively designated it ‘provisioning call’. To test this hypothesis, we observed nesting females in the laboratory to determine if and when they emitted the call, and the response of nymphs. In every case, the call was clearly coordinated with female provisioning behaviors: females emitted the call only upon returning to their nests with a drupe. Moreover, nymphs quickly gathered to the drupe while the female was calling. Because nymphs usually hide in crevices throughout the nest debris while the mother is foraging, we also hypothesized that the provisioning call functions to induce nymphs to gather and feed synchronously on newly provisioned drupes. A playback experiment indicated that significantly more nymphs gathered on a drupe with the playback call than without the call, supporting this hypothesis. Furthermore, observations through nymphal development revealed that the total length of all sound bouts in a single provisioning call was shorter for females with older nymphs. This is consistent with the assumption that older nymphs should gather on the provisioned drupe more quickly than young, less‐motile nymphs. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of a parent producing sound and/or vibration signals directly to offspring at repeated progressive provisioning events in a subsocial insect.
Fine motor skills and interhemispheric transfer in treatment‐naive male children with Tourette syndrome
Authors: BUSE JUDITH , AUGUST JULIA , BOCK NATHALIE , DÖRFEL DENISE , ROTHENBERGER ARIBERT , ROESSNER VEIT 
Published: May 2012

Aim  This study addressed whether Tourette syndrome is associated with an impairment of fine motor skills or altered interhemispheric transfer. We additionally investigated the association between interhemispheric transfer and size of the corpus callosum.Method  The sample, a subsample of our larger neuroimaging sample, included 27 treatment‐naive males with ‘pure’ Tourette syndrome (age range 10y 2mo–14y 4mo; mean age 11y 10mo, SD 1y 2mo) and 26 matched healthy comparison children (age range 10y 2mo–14y 4mo; mean age 11y 10mo, SD 1y 1mo). A finger tapping task and the Purdue Pegboard were used to assess fine motor skills. Interhemispheric transfer time (ITT) was measured with the Poffenberger paradigm. The neuroanatomical data were derived from our previous neuroimaging study.Results  ITT was negatively correlated with the size of callosal subregion 3 (r=−0.366, p=0.028), indicating that a shorter ITT was associated with a larger corpus callosum.Interpretation  Our findings support the assumption that previously reported impairment of motor skills in Tourette syndrome does not directly result from tics but from other factors such as medication or comorbidities. Following the assumption that callosal subregion 3 in Tourette syndrome grows as a consequence of tic performance over years, our preliminary results suggest that this growth might accelerate interhemispheric transfer in Tourette syndrome.
Altered regulation of CXCR4 expression during aging contributes to increased CXCL12‐dependent chemotactic migration of CD4+ T cells
Authors: Cané Stefania , Ponnappan Subramaniam , Ponnappan Usha 
Published: May 2012

SummaryChemokine‐dependent migration of T lymphocytes assures recirculation of naïve T cells to secondary lymphoid organs and tissue‐specific trafficking of memory‐effector T cells. Previous studies carried out in rodents have demonstrated age‐associated modulation of the expression of chemokine receptors such as CXCR4 and CCR5; however, little is known about the molecular mechanisms that regulate receptor expression and turnover in T cells, during advancing age in humans. Our recent results demonstrating increased chemotactic migration in response to CXCL12 in CD4+ T cells obtained from the elderly, as compared to those from young donors, led us to hypothesize that increase in surface expression, because of altered endocytic regulation of CXCR4 on T cells during aging, might be directly responsible for increased migration toward CXCL12. Studies presented here demonstrate a significant increase in the surface expression of CXCR4 in CD4+ T cells from elderly human donors, relative to those from the young. Additionally, CXCL12‐mediated endocytosis of CXCR4 was differentially regulated during aging, which could be attributed to alterations in the ubiquitination of CXCR4. Thus, altered ubiquitination of CXCR4 may contribute to the increased surface expression and enhanced T‐cell migration to chemotactic stimuli in the elderly.
Host cell factor 1 inhibits SKN‐1 to modulate oxidative stress responses in Caenorhabditis elegans
Authors: Rizki Gizem , Picard Colette Lafontaine , Pereyra Charles , Lee Siu Sylvia 
Published: May 2012

SummaryHost cell factor‐1 (HCF‐1) is a conserved regulator of the longevity and stress response functions of DAF‐16/FOXO. SKN‐1 transcription factor is an evolutionarily conserved xenobiotic stress regulator and a pro‐longevity factor. Here, we demonstrate that SKN‐1 contributes to the enhanced oxidative stress resistance incurred by hcf‐1 mutation in C. elegans. HCF‐1 prevents the nuclear accumulation of SKN‐1 and represses the transcriptional activation of SKN‐1 specifically at target genes involved in cellular detoxification pathways. Our findings reveal a novel and context‐specific regulatory relationship between two highly conserved longevity and stress response factors HCF‐1 and SKN‐1.
Migraine: Possible Role of Shear‐Induced Platelet Aggregation With Serotonin Release
Authors: Borgdorff Piet , Tangelder Geert Jan 
Published: May 2012

Background.— Migraine patients are at an increased risk for stroke, as well as other thromboembolic events. This warrants further study of the role of platelets in a proportion of migraine patients.Objective.— To extend the “platelet hypothesis” using literature data and observations made in a rat model of shear stress‐induced platelet aggregation. Such aggregation causes release of serotonin, leading to vasoconstriction during sufficiently strong aggregation and to long‐lasting vasodilation when aggregation diminishes. This vasodilation also depends on nitric oxide and prostaglandin formation.Results.— A role for platelet aggregation in a number of migraineurs is indicated by reports of an increased platelet activity during attacks and favorable effects of antiplatelet medication. We hypothesize that in those patients, a migraine attack with or without aura may both be caused by a rise in platelet‐released plasma serotonin, albeit at different concentration. At high concentrations, serotonin may cause vasoconstriction and, consequently, the neuronal signs of aura, whereas at low concentrations, it may already stimulate perivascular pain fibers and cause vasodilation via local formation of nitric oxide, prostaglandins, and neuropeptides. Platelet aggregation may be unilaterally evoked by elevated shear stress in a stenotic cervico‐cranial artery, by reversible vasoconstriction or by other cardiovascular abnormality, eg, a symptomatic patent foramen ovale. This most likely occurs when a migraine trigger has further enhanced platelet aggregability; literature shows that many triggers either stimulate platelets directly or reduce endogenous platelet antagonists like prostacyclin.Conclusion.— New strategies for migraine medication and risk reduction of stroke are suggested.
Transfusion‐transmitted anaplasmosis from leukoreduced red blood cells
Authors: Alhumaidan Hiba , Westley Benjamin , Esteva Carlos , Berardi Victor , Young Carolyn , Sweeney Joseph 
Published: May 2012

BACKGROUND: Human granulocytic anaplasmosis (HGA) is a tick‐borne rickettsial infectious disease. To date four cases of transfusion‐transmitted anaplasmosis (TTA) have been described in the literature, and only one from leukoreduced red blood cells (RBCs).CASE REPORT: A 64‐year‐old patient with acute gastrointestinal blood loss was admitted to the hospital and received 5 units of prestorage leukoreduced RBCs. He was stabilized and discharged. He developed headache, fever, and chills 2 days after discharge and was readmitted. On Day 5 of his second admission polymorphonuclear leukocytes containing morulae consistent with HGA were reported in the peripheral smear.RESULTS: Samples from the recipient tested positive by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for Anaplasma phagocytophilum, the causative agent of HGA and a segment from one of the five donors tested positive by both serology and PCR.CONCLUSION: Leukoreduction theoretically reduces the risk of TTA but does not interdict all infections. TTA requires consideration in recipients of RBC transfusion with unexplained fever.
Transfusion‐associated graft‐versus‐host disease in a liver transplant recipient: an unusual presentation and review of the literature
Authors: O'Brien Kerry L. , Pereira Shalini E. , Wagner Jeffrey , Shadman Mazyar , Hendrie Paul , Nelson Karen , Gernsheimer Terry B. , Price Thomas , Reyes Jorge D. , Nester Theresa 
Published: May 2012

BACKGROUND: Transfusion‐associated graft‐versus‐host disease (TA‐GVHD) is a rare, nearly universally fatal complication from transfusion of nonirradiated cellular blood components, occurring when a recipient's immune system is unable to recognize and destroy transfused T lymphocytes. Irradiation of cellular components eliminates this risk. We present an unusual case of a liver transplant recipient developing TA‐GVHD 13 weeks after transfusion of a random unit of nonirradiated red blood cells (RBCs) that happened to be from a donor homozygous for an HLA haplotype shared by the patient.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: This study was a single case review of a liver transplant recipient who developed skin GVHD and marrow aplasia. Clinical course and the chimerism studies involving the patient, the liver donor, and the blood donor are detailed.RESULTS: The patient presented 3 months posttransplant with GVHD of his skin and marrow aplasia. In addition to standard antigraft immunosuppression, this patient had started the interleukin‐1 receptor antagonist anakinra on Posttransplant Day 13 for an acute gout flare. Chimerism studies on the patient's peripheral blood identified a population of CD3 cells that did not originate with either the patient or his liver donor. HLA studies and microsatellite profiling of the unknown CD3 population identified the source of the patient's TA‐GVHD, a unit of nonirradiated, nonleukoreduced apheresis RBCs.CONCLUSION: Use of an immunomodulating agent may have contributed to the development of TA‐GVHD in a liver transplant patient who received a random unit of nonirradiated RBCs by chance from an unrelated haploidentical donor.
Incremental Utility of Real Time Three‐Dimensional Tranthoracic Echocardiography in the Assessment of Congenitally Malformed Aortic Valve
Authors: Anwar Ashraf M. , Nosir Youssef F. M. , Galal Ahmed N. , Al‐Barakati Mai , Chamsi‐Pasha Hassan 
Published: May 2012

Objectives: To study the feasibility and additional value of real time three‐dimensional transthoracic echocardiography (RT3D‐TTE) for anatomical and functional assessment of malformed aortic valve (AV) compared to conventional two‐dimensional TTE (2D‐TTE). Methods: Malformed AV was evaluated in 35 patients (mean age 18 ±9.5years, 70% male) by both 2D‐TTE and RT3D‐TTE. The anatomical definition of aortic cusps (number, direction, and commissures) was evaluated by a 3‐point visualization score (1: nonvisualized, 2: inadequate, 3: adequate). 2D‐TTE and RT3D‐TTE measurements included AV area and maximum diameters of both AV annulus and left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT). Results: Adequate visualization of AV cusps was achieved in 86% of patients by RT3D‐TTE compared to 63% by 2D‐TTE. The mean and median visualization score obtained by RT3D‐TTE were higher than that by 2D‐TTE. The opening of commissures was detected in (80%) of patients by RT3D‐TTE compared to (34%) by 2D‐TTE. AV area planimetry could be obtained in 77% of patients by RT3D‐TTE compared to 43% by 2D‐TTE. RT3D‐TTE visualization score of AV cusps and commissures showed better interobserver agreement (Kappa: 0.62 and 0.72, respectively) than 2D‐TTE (0.58 and 0.69, respectively). RT3D‐TTE and 2D‐TTE measurements of AV annulus and LVOT were well correlated (r = 0.85; P < 0.001) but the RT3D‐TTE measurements were significantly larger than that obtained by 2D‐TTE (2.05 ± 0.7 cm and 2.5 ± 0.86 cm vs 1.94 ± 0.67 cm and 1.98 ± 0.74 cm; P < 0.01). Conclusion: RT3D‐TTE is a feasible technique that allows comprehensive quantitative and qualitative assessment of malformed AV.(Echocardiography, 2012;**:1‐6)
The Occupy Movement in Žižek's hometown: Direct democracy and a politics of becoming
Authors: Razsa Maple , Kurnik Andrej 
Published: May 2012

ABSTRACTIn an otherwise sympathetic speech to Occupy Wall Street, Slavoj Žižek dismissed protesters’ pursuit of direct democracy as a “dream.” In no small part responding to a perceived crisis of representative politics, however, the popular movements that swept through northern Africa, Europe, and North America during 2011 have been distinguished by their adoption of direct democratic forms. This initial ethnography—collaboratively researched and written by a Slovene activist–theorist and a U.S. anthropologist—considers the significance of the Occupy Movement's democratic practices in Žižek's own hometown. We trace the development of decidedly minoritarian forms of decision making—the “democracy of direct action,” as it is known locally—to activists’ experiences of organizing for migrant and minority rights in the face of ethnonationalism. We compare the democracy of direct action to Occupy Wall Street's consensus‐based model. In conclusion, we ask how ethnographic attention to the varieties of emergent political forms within the current global cycle of protest might extend recent theorizing of radical politics and contribute to broader efforts to reimagine democracy. [Slovenia, Occupy Movement, direct democracy, direct action, activism, becoming, coauthorship]
The materiality of the corporation: Oil, gas, and corporate social technologies in the remaking of a Russian region
Authors: Rogers Douglas 
Published: May 2012

ABSTRACTIn the Perm Region of Russia, recent social and cultural projects sponsored by energy companies prominently reference certain material qualities of oil and gas. The depth associated with the region's oil deposits is evoked in cultural heritage celebrations funded by Lukoil‐Perm, and the connectivity associated with natural gas pipelines figures in PermRegionGaz's efforts to foster new patterns of sociability. Attending to the larger material and semiotic shifts in which these projects are embedded points to a significant dimension of contemporary hydrocarbon politics and to specific ways in which corporations attempt to transform critiques of their operations. [oil, natural gas, corporations, materiality, infrastructure, corporate social responsibility, postsocialisms]
Rhizomes and other uncountables: The malaise of enumeration in Mexico's Colorado River Delta
Authors: Muehlmann Shaylih 
Published: May 2012

ABSTRACTIn this article, I analyze the “countdown,” a popular rhetorical trope of contemporary discourses of environmental and cultural crisis. Drawing on fieldwork in a Cucapá village in the Colorado River Delta of northern Mexico, I show how, through the counting of people, birds, fish, water quantities, and language speakers, the habitat, culture, and language of the delta's indigenous residents have consistently been represented by NGO workers, scientists, and state officials as “endangered.” In taking on the form of a “countdown,” this numerical tracking has ideological effects distinct from other kinds of enumerative practices, leading some Cucapá people to express frustration with it. I analyze how certain domains of experience, such as language, people, and water, are locally identified as being uncountable, and I use Gilles Deleuze and Félix Guattari's concept of the “rhizome” to illustrate how particular domains of experience become enumerable or resist enumeration in the first place. [enumeration, rhizomes, countdown, indigenous, environment, crisis, identity]
Rite of passing: Bureaucratic encounters, dramaturgy, and Jewish conversion in Israel
Authors: Kravel‐Tovi Michal 
Published: May 2012

ABSTRACTOn the basis of an ethnographic analysis of the state‐run Jewish conversion project in Israel, I address the question of how bureaucrats come to know the subjects they serve. By analyzing how state agents construct the bureaucratic encounter with converts as a dramaturgical exchange, I theorize performance as an institutional mechanism through which bureaucratic knowledge is produced. The notion of “dramaturgy” sheds light not only on the everyday practices of state governmental power but also on the fragile, collaborative dynamics that underwrite the bureaucratic encounter. Such an analysis offers to complicate the notion of “power/knowledge” so often associated with bureaucratic institutions. [bureaucracy, ethnography of the state, Israel, passing, performance, power/knowledge, religious conversion]