bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Usefulness of Internet in adolescent mental health outpatient care
Authors: KURKI M. , KOIVUNEN M. , ANTTILA M. , HÄTÖNEN H. , VÄLIMÄKI M. 
Published: November 2010

Accessible summary

Internet may have a clear potential in psychiatric nursing care.
Internet use could offer numerous benefits in nurse–adolescent interaction and in the care process among adolescents with depression in mental health services.
The nurses' attitudes to computer use, computer knowledge and skills should be taken into consideration in the implementation of Internet in psychiatric nursing practice.

AbstractInternet has become increasingly common in adolescents' daily lives and also in health care. However, there is still need to explore how nurses perceive its use as a part of adolescents' treatment. This explorative qualitative study aim was to explore how nurses perceive the usefulness of Internet in adolescents' outpatient care in mental health. The data were collected among nurses (n= 12) working in two psychiatric adolescent outpatient clinics in university central hospitals in Finland. The data were collected in focus group interviews and analysed using inductive content analysis. The analysis showed that Internet use could promote the care process of adolescents with depression by supporting their self‐reflection and self‐management, enhancing nurses' understanding of adolescents' daily lives and facilitating nurse–adolescent interaction. Disadvantages identified among nurses were fear of role changes in the nurse–adolescent interaction, changes in the intervention, when Internet might be a third party in the face‐to‐face interaction and negative effects of Internet on adolescents. Facilitators in the use of Internet were nurses' positive attitude to Internet, knowledge and experiences of Internet usage. Nurses' negative attitude to Internet and lack of training and instructions were seen as barriers in promoting the successful utilization of Internet among adolescents with depression in outpatient care.
Distinguishing fluvio‐deltaic facies by bulk geochemistry and heavy minerals: an example from the Miocene of Denmark
Authors: OLIVARIUS METTE , RASMUSSEN ERIK S. , SIERSMA VOLKERT , KNUDSEN CHRISTIAN , PEDERSEN GUNVER K. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractInterpretations of seismic profiles, gamma‐ray logs and sediment descriptions were used to classify seven facies in Miocene fluvio‐deltaic deposits of Denmark. An impartial approach was adopted by not including analytical data in the facies definition. This approach allowed identification of significant differences between facies, where each fluvio‐deltaic facies can be distinguished by integrating geochemistry and mineralogy through a sedimentary succession. Variations in the heavy mineral assemblage between facies are caused primarily by sorting of hydraulically equivalent grains. Decreasing grain size of quartz and heavy minerals from the channel facies towards the delta shoreface facies and further along the coast to the spit shoreface facies is associated with an increase in sorting and textural maturity. This trend is related to longshore drift. Increasing heavy mineral grain size is found from the delta slope facies offshore to the delta toe and shelf facies. This trend is interpreted as a result of sorting by turbidity currents. The mixed origin of the transgressive lag facies is shown by the poorer sorting in this facies. By indicating the amount of alteration the sediments have been exposed to, the Ti‐mineral maturity has proven useful in characterizing the facies. This systematic approach of tying depositional environments to a well‐calibrated sequence stratigraphic model has generated analytical results which are valid as reference levels for future facies identifications.
Prevalence and self‐reported health consequences of vaginal practices in KwaZulu‐Natal, South Africa: findings from a household survey
Authors: Smit J. , Chersich M. F. , Beksinska M. , Kunene B. , Manzini N. , Hilber A. Martin , Scorgie F. 
Published: November 2010

SummaryObjectives  To investigate population‐level prevalence of vaginal practices, their frequency and self‐reported health consequences in KwaZulu‐Natal, South Africa.Methods  A household survey using multi‐stage cluster sampling was conducted in 2007. Women aged 18–60 (n = 867) were interviewed on demographics, sexual behaviours and vaginal practices, focusing on intravaginal practices. Design‐based analysis used multivariate logistic regression to identify factors associated with intravaginal or any practice.Results  Most women currently perform vaginal practices (90.2%), with 34.8% reporting two and 16.3%≥3 practices. Internal cleansing, the commonest practice (63.3% of women), is undertaken frequently (61.6% cleansing twice daily; 20.0% using ≥2 products). Fewer report application (10.1%), insertion (11.6%) or ingestion (14.3%) practices. Hygiene is a common motivation, even for the 23.2% of women reporting intravaginal practices around the time of sex. Prevalence of any practice was lower among women with tertiary education than those without primary education (AOR = 0.26, 95% CI = 0.08–0.85), nearly twice as common in sexually active women (95% CI = 1.05–3.56) and increased as overall health status declined. Adjusted odds of intravaginal practices were 1.8‐fold higher in women reporting unprotected sex (95% CI = 1.11–2.90). Few reported health problems with current practices (0.6%); though, 12.6% had ever‐experienced adverse effects.Conclusions  Vaginal practices are common in KwaZulu‐Natal. Although self‐reported health problems with current practices are rare, high lifetime risk of adverse events and potential for asymptomatic but clinically important damage make continued research important.
Clinicopathologic characteristics of cutaneous chronic graft‐versus‐host diseases: a retrospective study in Korean patients
Authors: Kim Sun‐Ji , Choi Jung‐Min , Kim Jung‐Eun , Cho Baik‐Kee , Kim Dong Wook , Park Hyun‐Jeong 
Published: November 2010

AbstractBackground  Chronic graft‐versus‐host disease (cGVHD) is a major complication in long‐term survivors of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Cutaneous manifestations are frequently the presenting features; therefore, the dermatologist needs to be aware of the wide spectrum of cutaneous cGVHD.Methods  We retrospectively evaluated patients’ characteristics, clinical, and histological features of cutaneous cGVHD and analyzed factors influencing the severity of cutaneous cGVHD in 100 Korean HSCT recipients between January 1, 1995, and December 31, 2007.Results  Clinical manifestations of cutaneous cGVHD mainly presented as lichenoid (60.0%), sclerodermoid (12.0%), or erythematous maculopapular (22.0%) patterns. Other less common findings included xerosis, dyspigmentation, acquired ichthyosis, eczema, exfoliative dermatitis, alopecia, erythema multiforme‐like or keratosis pilaris‐like eruption. Among 100 patients, 46 patients were investigated for nail involvement, and 29 (63.0%) of them were accompanied with nail abnormalities. Histologically, characteristic lichenoid lesions were observed in 53%, sclerodermoid in 9%, and acute/chronic overlap syndrome in 28% of patients. We also discovered that HSCT from female donors to male recipients increased the severity of cutaneous cGVHD.Conclusions  We report a large study about cutaneous cGVHD in Asian patients. Cutaneous cGVHD presented with a wide spectrum of clinical and histological manifestations.
Melanoma in association with acquired melanocytic nevus in Japan: a review of cases in the literature
Authors: Togawa Y. , Nakamura Y. , Kamada N. , Kambe N. , Takahashi Y. , Matsue H. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractBackground  Malignant melanomas clinically and/or histologically associated with melanocytic nevi have been reported worldwide. Approximately 20% of malignant melanomas in Caucasians, most of which are found on the trunk and proximal extremities, develop in association with pre‐existing melanocytic nevi. In Japan, however, over half of all melanomas are acral lentiginous melanomas (ALMs) on the hands and feet; melanomas on sun‐exposed areas are seen less frequently in Japanese people than in Caucasians. As ALMs are not usually accompanied by melanocytic nevi and there have been no reviews of the literature or statistical data regarding Japanese cases of melanomas with melanocytic nevi, dermatologists in Japan have few opportunities to see melanomas associated with pre‐existing melanocytic nevi.Methods  Here we report a case of a superficial spreading melanoma that was formed on a melanocytic nevus on the trunk, and we review for the first time the case reports from the Japanese literature.Results and Conclusions  With regard to the reported cases, melanomas associated with melanocytic nevi were mainly superficial spreading melanomas and nodular melanomas on the trunk or extremities; ALMs were rarely associated with nevi, indicating a trend similar to that observed in Caucasians. These findings suggest that the low frequency of associations between melanomas and melanocytic nevi in Japan reflects racial differences in the frequencies of each type of melanoma.
Effective long‐term control of refractory hidradenitis suppurativa with adalimumab after failure of conventional therapy
Authors: Arenbergerova Monika , Gkalpakiotis Spyridon , Arenberger Petr 
Published: November 2010

AbstractBackground  Hidradenitis suppurativa is a chronic suppurative condition featuring inflammatory nodules, fistulas and scars. It occurs predominantly in the axillae and groin. The disease is poorly responsive to any treatment and is connected with significant morbidity. Systemic therapy, including oral antibiotics, retinoids and antiandrogens, usually has only limited effect. Surgical treatment of affected areas is necessary in advanced stages.Objectives  Several reports support the beneficial effect of tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α) antagonists for the treatment of severe hidradenitis suppurativa. By contrast with data on infliximab and etanercept, data describing the potential positive influence of adalimumab on disease outcome are limited and refer to only small cohorts of patients.Methods  Eight patients with severe, recalcitrant hidradenitis were treated for 1 year with adalimumab in a standard regimen and were subsequently followed for 1 year.Results  All patients improved within 4–6 weeks and laboratory parameters of C‐reactive protein (CRP) and leukocyte count reduced significantly during treatment. Three patients demonstrated long‐lasting improvement and five showed recurrences several months after discontinuation of the therapy. The average recurrence‐free interval was 9.5 months.Conclusions  Adalimumab is suitable for the long‐term treatment of hidradenitis suppurativa and presents a further conservative treatment approach.
A pilot Iron Substitution Programme in female blood donors with iron deficiency without anaemia
Authors: Pittori C. , Buser A. , Gasser U. E. , Sigle J. , Job S. , Rüesch M. , Tichelli A. , Infanti L. 
Published: November 2010

Background and objectives  Blood donation can contribute to iron deficiency. The possibly resulting anaemia importantly affects donor return rate. The determination of serum ferritin levels revealed iron deficiency in many non‐anaemic premenopausal female blood donors at our Institution. We started an iron substitution programme targeting this donor group to prevent anaemia and enhance donor retain.Materials and methods  Women aged ≤50 with haemoglobin levels adequate for donation and serum ferritin ≤10 ng/ml were offered iron supplementation. Substitution lasted 16 weeks and the donation interval was extended. History collection including iron deficiency–related symptoms, whole blood count and serum ferritin determination was performed at baseline and after 2 and 6 months. Data were recorded prospectively and compared with those of 108 female controls with iron deficiency not receiving iron substitution (retrospective data).Results  Of the 116 participating subjects, 60% completed the programme. Significant results were serum ferritin increase (from a mean value of 7·12 to 25·2 ng/ml), resolution of prostration, fatigue, sleep disturbances, tension in the neck, hair loss and nail breakage. No case of anaemia occurred. Sixty per cent of the women completed the programme and donated blood again.Conclusions  Targeted iron substitution prevents the development of anaemia and enhances donation return in premenopausal female blood donors with iron deficiency.
Processing cord blood from premature infants into autologous red‐blood‐cell products for transfusion
Authors: Khodabux C. M. , van Beckhoven J. M. , Scharenberg J. G. M. , El Barjiji F. , Slot M. C. , Brand A. 
Published: November 2010

Background and Objectives  The use of umbilical cord blood (UCB) for transfusion purposes has gained interest the past years. UCB transfusion could serve premature infants, who often need transfusions early in life.Material and Methods  We investigated the suitability of different storage media. UCB was collected after 25 0/7–35 6/7 gestational weeks and centrifuged to concentrate red cells subsequently stored in saline–adenine–glucose–mannitol (SAGM), or in additive solution‐3 (AS‐3), or stored as whole blood in citrate–phosphate–dextrose–adenine‐1. Quality parameters were measured at 7 day intervals during 35 days and compared to the standard RBC product.Results  White‐blood‐cell‐ and platelet counts were higher in the UCB products. In the fractionated units, haemolysis remained below 1·0% in 64% after 14 days, and in 30% after 21 days. Storage in SAGM or AS‐3 showed similar quality. Whole blood UCB showed better pH and haemolysis rates after 21 days.Conclusion  UCB can be processed into autologous products for premature infants. Shelf‐life is limited to 14–21 days and compares unfavourably to stored whole blood. Considering the early transfusion needs in these infants, a short shelf‐life would not be a practical objection.
Lipoprotein enrichment in orange insoluble particulate matter reproducibly appearing in cryoprecipitate
Authors: Sheffield W. P. , Bhakta V. , Trigatti B. , Jenkins C. 
Published: November 2010

Background and Objective  Cryoprecipitate prepared from two whole blood donations from the same donor contained insoluble orange particulate material (OPM). We sought to identify the OPM.Materials and Methods  OPM was recovered from the blood product by centrifugation, dissolved in sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) and analysed by SDS–polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and immunoblotting.Results  Solubilized OPM was enriched in apolipoproteins B and E, but not apolipoprotein A1, immunoglobulin G or albumin, suggesting lipoprotein enrichment in OPM. Subsequent clinical laboratory blood tests confirmed low‐density lipoprotein hyperlipidaemia with normal triglyceride levels. Further, cryoprecipitate production from this donor was prevented by implementation of national predominantly male plasma policies.Conclusion  Cryoprecipitate produced from hyperlipidaemic donors may contain insoluble particles that render it inappropriate for transfusion.
Epidemiology and Impact ofNeospora caninumInfection in Three Queensland Tropical Dairy Herds
Authors: Landmann JK , Gunn AA , O’Donoghue PJ , Tranter WP , McGowan MR 
Published: November 2010

ContentsThis study investigated the epidemiology ofNeospora caninumin three tropical dairy herds in North Queensland, Australia. All animals in the herds were bled, and the sera were tested by ELISA forN. caninumantibodies. Herd records were examined, and the number of calves carried to term and the number of abortions which occurred over the lifetime of each animal were recorded to determine the abortion rate for each animal. Pedigrees were constructed for two of the herds to investigate whether vertical transmission was occurring. The seroprevalence ofN. caninumranged from 23% to 34%. The abortion rate in seropositive animals was significantly (p < 0.001) higher than in seronegative animals in all three herds (12–20.1% cf. 3.6–7%). Overall, the probability of a calf being seropositive was 3.5 times higher when the dam was also seropositive than when the dam was seronegative. Subsequent selective breeding employed by one herd reduced theN. caninumseroprevalence from 23% to 5% over a 9‐year period. This study shows thatN. caninuminfection is prevalent in North Queensland dairy cattle, and both post‐natal infection and vertical transmission are common.
Gender‐related Differences in Cytochrome P450 in Porcine Liver – Implication for Activity, Expression and Inhibition by Testicular Steroids
Authors: Rasmussen MK , Zamaratskaia G , Ekstrand B 
Published: November 2010

ContentsIn pigs, the hepatic cytochrome P450 (CYP) 1A2, 2A and 2E1 activity is important in the regulation of skatole accumulation in adipose tissue. This study investigated gender‐related differences in CYP1A2, 2A and 2E1 dependent activity, protein and mRNA expression. This study also investigated the gonadal steroid dependent inhibition of CYP activity in relation to gender and dietary composition. Microsomes were prepared from the liver of female and entire male pigs (Landrace × Yorkshire sire and Duroc boars) reared under similar conditions and slaughtered at an age of 164 days. A group of entire male pigs fed dried chicory root for 16 days prior to slaughter were included in the study. CYP activities were assessed by the use of probe substrates, whilst mRNA and protein expression were analysed by RT‐PCR and Western blotting. Furthermore inhibition of CYP dependent activity by gonadal steroids was assessed in vitro. Microsomes from female pigs had greater CYP1A2 and 2A activity, as well as mRNA expression compared to entire male pigs. The antibodies used did not detected differences in protein expression. In vitro inhibition by 17β‐oestradiol, oestrone, androstenone and 3β‐OH androstenol of CYP2E1 activity in microsomes from entire male pigs as well as inhibition of CYP1A activity in chicory fed entire male pigs was observed. Apart from that no effect of steroids was shown. In conclusion, female pigs show greater CYP activity and mRNA expression. Including chicory in the diet for 16 days changed the gonadal steroid dependent inhibition of CYP activity in entire male pigs.
Outcomes of overseas kidney transplantation in chronic haemodialysis patients in Taiwan
Authors: HSU CHIH‐CHENG , LEE CHENG‐HUA , HWANG SHANG‐JYH , HUANG SHI‐WEI , YANG WU‐CHANG , CHANG YU‐KANG , TSAI DANIEL FU‐CHANG , KUO KEN N 
Published: November 2010

ABSTRACTAim: Overseas kidney transplantation has often been reported to have unsatisfactory outcomes. This study aims to compare post‐transplantation outcomes between overseas and domestic kidney transplant (KT) recipients in Taiwan.Methods: The Taiwanese National Health Insurance Research Database was used to identify 310 domestic and 643 overseas KT recipients, who survived for longer than 1 month after the transplantation, in a cohort of 45 453 chronic haemodialysis patients in 1997–2002. Cox proportional hazards models were used to assess risks of mortality and graft failure.Results: The 1, 3 and 5 year survival rates for domestic KT recipients were 96.5%, 93.3% and 91.6%, respectively, while those for overseas KT recipients were 94.9%, 87.9% and 77.1%, respectively (P = 0.015). For the overseas group, those who received a KT before 2001 had significantly higher hazard ratios of mortality and graft failure (2.85 and 1.71, respectively). However, for those receiving a KT in 2001–2002, no significant outcome difference could be found between overseas and domestic recipients.Conclusion: The risk disparity between overseas and domestic KT recipients is mainly attributable to when the transplantation was performed. In attempting to dissuade potential recipients from organ trafficking, merely emphasizing the previously acknowledged poor outcomes no longer suffices as a valid reason.
Decision making in the management of benign prostatic enlargement and the role of transabdominal ultrasound
Authors: Foo Keong Tatt 
Published: November 2010

AbstractBenign prostate enlargement (BPE) is a common disease affecting elderly men. It can present clinically in many ways including, but not exclusively, lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) and acute urinary retention (AUR). Therefore, in managing men with BPE, a correct diagnosis in the outpatient setting is important. Diagnosis of BPE in the clinic can be aided by simple, non‐invasive, transabdominal ultrasound (TAUS). In our practice, a normal prostate is generally defined as less than 20 mL, and shows no intravesical prostatic protrusion (IPP) to distort the normal funneling bladder neck on TAUS, with a maximum flow rate of more than 15 mL/s. The degree of IPP can be measured non‐invasively in the midsagittal plane, and can be graded accordingly. Studies have shown that the grade of IPP correlates well with the degree of bladder outlet obstruction (BOO). In addition, TAUS can also be used to measure prostate volume (PV) and post‐void residual urine (PVR). There is a good correlation between IPP and PV, but IPP is a better predictor for BOO. Patients with low‐grade IPP, no significant PVR (<100 mL) and no bothersome symptoms (low stage) can generally be watched; whereas those with high‐grade IPP, significant PVR (>100 mL) and bothersome symptoms (higher stage) will need more aggressive management. The final decision for management can then be tailored and individualized to achieve cost‐effectiveness.
Bacillus Calmette–Guérin treatment of non‐muscle invasive bladder cancer
Authors: Sylvester Richard J 
Published: November 2010

AbstractBacillus Calmette–Guérin (BCG) has been used in the intravesical treatment of non‐muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) for nearly 35 years; however, its use is still subject to controversy. The objective of this paper is to review the role of BCG in the treatment of patients with NMIBC. Clinical trials, meta‐analyses and guidelines related to the administration, safety and efficacy of intravesical BCG were reviewed. Intravesical BCG is more effective than intravesical chemotherapy in decreasing the risk of recurrence and progression to muscle invasive disease; however, it is associated with more local and systemic side‐effects. It is the gold standard in patients at high risk of progression. Maintenance BCG is required in order to achieve the best therapeutic results; however, the optimal dose, induction and maintenance schedules, and duration of treatment are unknown and might be different for each patient. Patients failing BCG treatment have a poor prognosis, and cystectomy is then the recommended treatment. Patients at low risk of recurrence and progression should not receive BCG, because of its side effects. Intermediate‐risk patients might be treated with either intravesical chemotherapy or BCG; however, for patients at high risk of progression, BCG is recognized as the treatment of choice. Further research is urgently needed to identify markers associated with BCG failure and to develop effective alternatives to cystectomy in patients failing BCG.