bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A two-dimensional harmonic oscillator confined in a circle in the presence of a constant electric field: an informational approach
Authors: Cruz Elizabeth , Aquino N. , Prasad V. , Flores-Riveros A. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
In this work, we study an electron subjected to a harmonic oscillator potential confined in a circle of radius $$r_0$$

r
0

and in the presence of a constant electric field. We obtain energies and eigenfunctions for three different confinement radii as a function of the electric field strength. We have used the linear variational method by constructing the trial function as a linear combination of two-dimensional confined harmonic oscillator wave functions. We calculate the radial standard deviation as a measure of the dispersion of the probability density. We also computed the Shannon entropy and Fisher information, in configuration and momentum spaces, as localization-delocalization measures for three different confinement radii and as a function of the electric field strength. We find that Shannon entropy and Fisher information are more reliable than variance in determining electron location. The behaviour of Shannon entropy and Fisher information curves is shown to depend on each specific state under study.

Graphical abstract
Glitter or gold? Deriving structured insights from sustainability reports via large language models
Authors: Bronzini Marco , Nicolini Carlo , Lepri Bruno , Passerini Andrea , Staiano Jacopo 
Published: June 2024

AbstractOver the last decade, several regulatory bodies have started requiring the disclosure of non-financial information from publicly listed companies, in light of the investors’ increasing attention to Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) issues. Publicly released information on sustainability practices is often disclosed in diverse, unstructured, and multi-modal documentation. This poses a challenge in efficiently gathering and aligning the data into a unified framework to derive insights related to Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR). Thus, using Information Extraction (IE) methods becomes an intuitive choice for delivering insightful and actionable data to stakeholders. In this study, we employ Large Language Models (LLMs), In-Context Learning, and the Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) paradigm to extract structured insights related to ESG aspects from companies’ sustainability reports. We then leverage graph-based representations to conduct statistical analyses concerning the extracted insights. These analyses revealed that ESG criteria cover a wide range of topics, exceeding 500, often beyond those considered in existing categorizations, and are addressed by companies through a variety of initiatives. Moreover, disclosure similarities emerged among companies from the same region or sector, validating ongoing hypotheses in the ESG literature. Lastly, by incorporating additional company attributes into our analyses, we investigated which factors impact the most on companies’ ESG ratings, showing that ESG disclosure affects the obtained ratings more than other financial or company data.
A POSIX/RTEMS Monitoring Tool and a Benchmark to Detect Real-Time Scheduling Anomalies
Authors: Djika Blandine , Kouamou Georges , Singhoff Frank , Plantec Alain 
Published: June 2024

This article deals with scheduling anomalies in real-time systems. We present MONANO, a POSIX user-level library allowing applications to dynamically detect a preidentified set of real-time scheduling anomalies.
The MONANO library is based on the modelling of architecture and runtime constraints. MONANO monitors during the runtime the timing behavior of the application and deduces properties needed to identify scheduling anomalies.
We present also a benchmark to evaluate our approach. The benchmark is composed of several programs implementing the most frequent real-time scheduling anomalies.
Missense Mutations in Myc Box I Influence Nucleocytoplasmic Transport to Promote Leukemogenesis
Authors: Arthur Nancy B.J. , Christensen Keegan A. , Mannino Kathleen , Ruzinova Marianna B. , Kumar Ashutosh , Gruszczynska Agata , Day Ryan B. , Erdmann-Gilmore Petra , Mi Yiling , Sprung Robert , York Conner R. , Townsend Robert R. , Spencer David H. , Sykes Stephen M. , Ferraro Francesca 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Purpose:
Somatic missense mutations in the phosphodegron domain of the MYC gene (MYC Box I or MBI) are detected in the dominant clones of a subset of patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML), but the mechanisms by which they contribute to AML are unknown.

Experimental Design:
To investigate the effects of MBI MYC mutations on hematopoietic cells, we employed a multi-omic approach to systematically compare the cellular and molecular consequences of expressing oncogenic doses of wild type, threonine-58 and proline-59 mutant MYC proteins in hematopoietic cells, and we developed a knockin mouse harboring the germline MBI mutation p.T58N in the Myc gene.

Results:
Both wild-type and MBI mutant MYC proteins promote self-renewal programs and expand highly selected subpopulations of progenitor cells in the bone marrow. Compared with their wild-type counterparts, mutant cells display decreased cell death and accelerated leukemogenesis in vivo, changes that are recapitulated in the transcriptomes of human AML-bearing MYC mutations. The mutant phenotypes feature decreased stability and translation of mRNAs encoding proapoptotic and immune-regulatory genes, increased translation of RNA binding proteins and nuclear export machinery, and distinct nucleocytoplasmic RNA profiles. MBI MYC mutant proteins also show a higher propensity to aggregate in perinuclear regions and cytoplasm. Like the overexpression model, heterozygous p.T58N knockin mice displayed similar changes in subcellular MYC localization, progenitor expansion, transcriptional signatures, and develop hematopoietic tumors.

Conclusions:
This study uncovers that MBI MYC mutations alter RNA nucleocytoplasmic transport mechanisms to contribute to the development of hematopoietic malignancies.
Prognostic Value of a Multi-mRNA Signature for 1-Year All-Cause Death in Hospitalized Patients With Heart Failure With a Preserved Ejection Fraction
Authors: Gao Yan , Chen Bowang , Han Yi , Lu Jiapeng , Li Xi , Tian Aoxi , Zhang Lihua , Wang Bin , Hong Yun , Liu Jiamin , Li Yan , Bilige Wuhan , Zhang Haibo , Zheng Xin , Li Jing 
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND:
Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction is a major global public health problem, while effective risk stratification tools are still lacking. We sought to construct a multi-mRNA signature to predict 1-year all-cause death.

METHODS:
We selected 30 patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction who died during 1-year follow-up and 30 who survived in the discovery set. One hundred seventy-one and 120 patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction were randomly selected as a test set and a validation set, respectively. We performed mRNA microarrays in all patients.

RESULTS:

We constructed a 5-mRNA signature for predicting 1-year all-cause death. The scores of the 5-mRNA signature were significantly associated with the 1-year risk of all-cause death in both the test set (hazard ratio, 2.72 [95% CI, 1.98–3.74];
P
<0.001) and the validation set (hazard ratio, 3.95 [95% CI, 2.40–6.48];
P
<0.001). Compared with a reference model, which included sex, ASCEND-HF (Acute Study of Clinical Effectiveness of Nesiritide in Decompensated Heart Failure) score, history of HF and NT-proBNP (N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide), the 5-mRNA signature had a better discrimination capability, with an increased area under the curve from 0.696 to 0.813 in the test set and from 0.712 to 0.848 in the validation set. A composite model integrating the 5-mRNA risk score and variables in the reference model demonstrated an excellent discrimination capability, with an area under the curve of 0.861 (95% CI, 0.784–0.939) in the test set and an area under the curve of 0.859 (95% CI, 0.755–0.963) in the validation set. The net reclassification improvement and integrated discrimination improvement indicated that the composite model significantly improved patient classification compared with the reference model in both sets (
P
<0.001).

CONCLUSIONS:
The 5-mRNA signature is a promising predictive tool for 1-year all-cause death and shows improved prognostic power over the established risk scores and NT-proBNP in patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction.
Tipifarnib Reduces Extracellular Vesicles and Protects From Heart Failure
Authors: Mallaredy Vandana , Roy Rajika , Cheng Zhongjian , Thej Charan , Benedict Cindy , Truongcao May , Joladarashi Darukeshwara , Magadum Ajit , Ibetti Jessica , Cimini Maria , Gonzalez Carolina , Garikipati Venkata Naga Srikanth , Koch Walter J. , Kishore Raj 
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND:
Heart failure (HF) is one of the leading causes of mortality worldwide. Extracellular vesicles, including small extracellular vesicles or exosomes, and their molecular cargo are known to modulate cell-to-cell communication during multiple cardiac diseases. However, the role of systemic extracellular vesicle biogenesis inhibition in HF models is not well documented and remains unclear.

METHODS:
We investigated the role of circulating exosomes during cardiac dysfunction and remodeling in a mouse transverse aortic constriction (TAC) model of HF. Importantly, we investigate the efficacy of tipifarnib, a recently identified exosome biogenesis inhibitor that targets the critical proteins (Rab27a [Ras associated binding protein 27a], nSMase2 [neutral sphingomyelinase 2], and Alix [ALG-2-interacting protein X]) involved in exosome biogenesis for this mouse model of HF. In this study, 10-week-old male mice underwent TAC surgery were randomly assigned to groups with and without tipifarnib treatment (10 mg/kg 3 times/wk) and monitored for 8 weeks, and a comprehensive assessment was conducted through performed echocardiographic, histological, and biochemical studies.

RESULTS:
TAC significantly elevated circulating plasma exosomes and markedly increased cardiac left ventricular dysfunction, cardiac hypertrophy, and fibrosis. Furthermore, injection of plasma exosomes from TAC mice induced left ventricular dysfunction and cardiomyocyte hypertrophy in uninjured mice without TAC. On the contrary, treatment of tipifarnib in TAC mice reduced circulating exosomes to baseline and remarkably improved left ventricular functions, hypertrophy, and fibrosis. Tipifarnib treatment also drastically altered the miRNA profile of circulating post-TAC exosomes, including miR 331-5p, which was highly downregulated both in TAC circulating exosomes and in TAC cardiac tissue. Mechanistically, miR 331-5p is crucial for inhibiting the fibroblast-to-myofibroblast transition by targeting HOXC8, a critical regulator of fibrosis. Tipifarnib treatment in TAC mice upregulated the expression of miR 331-5p that acts as a potent repressor for one of the fibrotic mechanisms mediated by HOXC8.

CONCLUSIONS:
Our study underscores the pathological role of exosomes in HF and fibrosis in response to pressure overload. Tipifarnib-mediated inhibition of exosome biogenesis and cargo sorting may serve as a viable strategy to prevent progressive cardiac remodeling in HF.
Olfactory Impairment and the Risk of Major Adverse Cardiovascular Outcomes in Older Adults
Authors: Chamberlin Keran W. , Yuan Yaqun , Li Chenxi , Luo Zhehui , Reeves Mathew , Kucharska‐Newton Anna , Pinto Jayant M. , Ma Jiantao , Simonsick Eleanor M. , Chen Honglei 
Published: June 2024

Background
Olfactory impairment is common in older adults and may be associated with adverse cardiovascular health; however, empirical evidence is sparse. We examined olfaction in relation to the risk of coronary heart disease (CHD), stroke, and congestive heart failure (CHF).

Methods and Results
This study included 2537 older adults (aged 75.6±2.8 years) from the Health ABC (Health, Aging, and Body Composition) study with olfaction assessed by the 12‐item Brief Smell Identification Test in 1999 to 2000, defined as poor (score ≤8), moderate (9–10), or good (11–12). The outcomes were incident CHD, stroke, and CHF. During up to a 12‐year follow‐up, 353 incident CHD, 258 stroke, and 477 CHF events were identified. Olfaction was statistically significantly associated with incident CHF, but not with CHD or stroke. After adjusting for demographics, risk factors, and biomarkers of CHF, the cause‐specific hazard ratio (HR) of CHF was 1.32 (95% CI, 1.05–1.66) for moderate and 1.28 (95% CI, 1.01–1.64) for poor olfaction. These associations were robust in preplanned subgroup analyses by age, sex, race, and prevalent CHD/stroke. While the subgroup results were not statistically significantly different, the association of olfaction with CHF appeared to be evident among participants who reported very good to excellent health (HR, 1.47 [95% CI, 1.01–2.14] for moderate; and 1.76 [95% CI, 1.20–2.58] for poor olfaction), but not among those with fair to poor self‐reported health (HR, 1.04 [95% CI, 0.64–1.70] for moderate; and 0.92 [95% CI, 0.58–1.47] for poor olfaction).

Conclusions
In community‐dwelling older adults, a single olfaction test was associated with a long‐term risk for incident CHF, particularly among those reporting very good to excellent health.
Building a Liturgical Identity through Baptism and the Eucharist
Authors: Wong Ho Lun Donald 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This paper proposes that the Didache crafts a liturgical identity for its community – an identity centred around Baptismal and Eucharistic rites, with which community members become both privileged celebrants and partakers. This liturgically oriented strategy differs from the more familiar theological or ethnic demarcation of communal boundaries. Furthermore, reading Didache as a liturgical identity-forming document potentially resolves a long-standing debate – whether Didache is an ad hoc compilation of mixed texts (e.g. Niederwimmer) or a unified corpus (e.g. Milavec). While disagreeing with Milavec’s conception of a “rule book”, this paper argues that Didache is a unified text that shapes a liturgical identity of its community. The sacramental arrangements (chs 7–10) effectively explain (and even necessitate) the placing of the “Two-Way” moral tractate (chs1–6) before, and the guidelines dealing with itinerant ministers (chs11–15) and the mini-apocalypse (ch.16) after.
Understanding the Biases in Global Monsoon Simulations from the Perspective of Atmospheric Energy Transport
Authors: Chen Ziming , Zhou Tianjun , Chen Xiaolong , Zhang Lixia , Qian Yun , Wang Zeyi , He Linqiang , Leung L. Ruby 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Understanding global monsoon (GM) variability and projecting its future changes rely heavily on climate models. However, climate models generally show pronounced biases in GM simulations, and the reasons for this remain unclear. Here, we evaluate the performance of 20 pairs of climate models that participated in both phase 5 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5) and phase 6 of CMIP (CMIP6) and identify the sources of their GM simulation biases from an energy transport perspective. The multimodel mean improvement in CMIP6 compared to CMIP5 is demonstrated by the increasing skill scores for various GM metrics from 0.20–0.79 to 0.48–0.83. More specifically, the dry biases in the Northern Hemisphere Summer Monsoon (NHSM) precipitation in CMIP5 [root-mean-square error (RMSE): 1.85 mm day−1] are reduced in CMIP6 (RMSE: 1.66 mm day−1). This higher simulation skill is associated with higher skill in simulating the precipitation-solstitial mode, monsoon intensity, and monsoon domains. The improvement in the NHSM precipitation simulation results from that in the meridional transport of atmospheric energy. Atmospheric energy budget analysis shows that the negative biases in downward surface longwave radiation and northward energy transport are smaller in CMIP6 than in CMIP5 in the boreal summer, resulting in a more realistic interhemispheric thermal contrast and meridional gradient of moist static energy. However, a major weakness of the CMIP6 models is found in the Southern Hemisphere Summer Monsoon precipitation simulation due to the positive bias in the top-of-the-atmosphere downward longwave radiation. This study shows that reasonably reproducing the meridional global atmospheric energy transportation is necessary for skillful GM simulation.
Development of a harmonized sociodemographic and clinical questionnaire for mental health research: A Delphi-method-based consensus recommendation
Authors: Lotfaliany Mojtaba , Agustini Bruno , Walker Adam J , Turner Alyna , Wrobel Anna L , Williams Lana J , Dean Olivia M , Miles Stephanie , Rossell Susan L , Berk Michael , Mohebbi Mohammadreza ,   the HDQ Investigator Group
Published: June 2024

Objective: Harmonized tools are essential for reliable data sharing and accurate identification of relevant factors in mental health research. The primary objective of this study was to create a harmonized questionnaire to collect demographic, clinical and behavioral data in diverse clinical trials in adult psychiatry. Methods: We conducted a literature review and examined 24 questionnaires used in previously published randomized controlled trials in psychiatry, identifying a total of 27 domains previously explored. Using a Delphi-method process, a task force team comprising experts in psychiatry, epidemiology and statistics selected 15 essential domains for inclusion in the final questionnaire. Results: The final selection resulted in a concise set of 22 questions. These questions cover factors such as age, sex, gender, ancestry, education, living arrangement, employment status, home location, relationship status, and history of medical and mental illness. Behavioral factors like physical activity, diet, smoking, alcohol and illicit drug use were also included, along with one question addressing family history of mental illness. Income was excluded due to high confounding and redundancy, while language was included as a measure of migration status. Conclusion: The recommendation and adoption of this harmonized tool for the assessment of demographic, clinical and behavioral data in mental health research can enhance data consistency and enable comparability across clinical trials.
Towards sustainable composites: Evaluation of mechanical properties, erosion behavior and applications of natural fiber-epoxy composites
Authors: Zolfakkar Mohamed , El-Tayeb Nabil , Halawa Taher 
Published: June 2024

Sustainable production and consumption, carried to materials and engineering applications, translates to a need for recyclable, reusable, and/or biodegradable materials. With its lower cost, lighter weight, and less carbon footprint compared to traditional glass and carbon fiber composites, natural fiber-reinforced composites are drawing more attention from the scientific community and the industrial sector. The natural fiber’s high variability and relatively inferior mechanical properties necessitate comprehensive characterization for accurate evaluation of their properties and fitness for different applications. In this research, various locally grown natural fibers (Flax, Jute, and Luffa) were sourced, characterized, and used to synthesize natural fiber-reinforced epoxy composites. The tensile, flexural, impact properties, and erosion resistance of the composites was evaluated. Compared to the other natural fiber composites, the Jute-Epoxy composite achieved the highest tensile strength and tensile modulus with 31 MPa and 4.8 GPa respectively; Jute-Epoxy also achieved the highest flexural strength and flexural modulus, with and 60 MPa and 2.4 GPa respectively. This superior mechanical performance is due to the relatively high strength of the Jute fiber and its high adhesion to the matrix, which is supported by fractographic evidence. Luffa-Epoxy composites in general had the lowest properties of all the tested materials. The erosion test results showed that the Jute-Epoxy composites had the highest erosion resistance of all the tested materials; with 30% more erosion resistance compared to glass-fiber epoxy composites. Based on the experimental results of the investigation and similar previous research, the current and potential applications of natural fiber composites were discussed.
Erasing Race and Disability from Educational Policies of a Chinese–English Dual Language Charter School
Authors: Li Lingyu 
Published: June 2024

Background or Context: There is increasing research focusing on dual language (DL) education program policies and practices regarding who has access to bilingualism and whose bilingualism is valued and represented. However, limited research is situated in the context of Chinese–English DL education and its service of emergent bilingual learners with disabilities (EBLWDs). Purpose, Objective, Research Question, or Focus of Study: The current study examines DL policy documents from one Chinese–English DL charter school to answer the following research question: How do a Chinese–English DL charter school’s policies and practices address racial and disability injustice? Research Design: Textual analysis is conducted to examine publicly available educational policy documents from school, district, and parent-hosted websites; photos from school Facebook pages; and meeting minutes from the school principal, with permission. Conclusions or Recommendations: Drawing from a Disability Critical Race (DisCrit) stance, this study reveals textual silences on disability and race and the exclusion of EBLWDs through no-excuses accountability policies. Discourses of elite bilingualism and neoliberalism are perpetuated and reproduced by White, nondisabled, middle-class, English-speaking families who control the right to make policy decisions. These discourses shape the lived experiences of EBLWDs, who are deemed as deviant for their racial/ethnic identities and deficient for disability and linguistic status, and are thus denied access to bilingual DL education.
Single-port versus traditional three-port laparoscopic total extraperitoneal inguinal hernia repair: A single-centre, prospective, randomised study
Authors: Li Xuen , Hu Xufeng , Hu Yue , Jie Yuan 
Published: June 2024

ObjectiveTo explore the efficacy and safety of single-incision laparoscopic (SIL) technique compared with the traditional three-port total extraperitoneal (TEP) technique for inguinal hernia repair.MethodsThis prospective, randomised study involved patients who underwent surgery for inguinal hernia at our hospital from December 2021 to July 2023. Patients were randomly assigned to SIL-TEP or TEP groups based on a computer-generated random number table. Perioperative clinical indicators for the surgical approaches were evaluated.ResultsOf the 127 patients eligible for study, 66 were randomised to the SIL-TEP group and 61 to the TEP group. The operation time for SIL-TEP was significantly longer than for TEP but the time to return to normal activities was significantly shorter and short-term pain score was significantly lower. There were no differences between groups in intraoperative blood loss, postoperative hospital stays, pain relief time, hospitalization costs or cosmetic satisfaction scores.ConclusionWhile SIL-TEP is more challenging than TEP for hernia repair, we found that at our centre it is comparable with regard to overall safety and feasibility. Further studies are needed to validate our findings.