bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Material and Equipment Testing Methodology in Simulated CO2 Storage and Transportation Environments Using Test Flow Loop facility
Authors: Khasanova L. , Fornitz K. H. , Kashefi K. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The rapid emergence of the Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) industry as a relevant measure to mitigate global climate change, has resulted in a growing number of carbon storage projects. The captured CO2 is going to be safely transported and permanently stored underground in the geological reservoirs. To ensure safe and sealed storage of the injected CO2, the integrity of the injector wells will need to be assured. This can be done through a thorough understanding of the downhole or transportation environment during operational/transporting activities, as well as the impact of CO2 state and content.
The objective of this work is to describe different testing methods using a Test Flow Loop facility and the approach towards simulating, e.g., CO2 injector well environment in critical operational scenarios such as a shut-in period where formation water flow back may occur or a scenario of possible check valve failure where small amounts of formation water may enter and settle on the surface of the completion string causing severe corrosion.
The scenarios and test conditions are based on multiple tests for two CCS projects in Denmark, as well as from other CCS projects in the pipeline.
The work explores the test setup, corrosion tests, and approaches around replenishment of the impurities to simulate worst-case scenarios.
Additionally, a description of the methodology to perform qualification of full-size specialized equipment for CCS applications using the Test Flow Loop facility by simulating various injection or transportation scenarios, pressure and temperature envelope, and associated CO2 states.
Alarming patterns of mature forest loss in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest
Authors: PINTO LUIS GUEDES , Amaral Silvana , Metzger Jean Paul , Rosa Marcos , Adorno Bruno , Goncalves Gabriel 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Controlling tropical deforestation requires a detailed understanding of its drivers. Here we provide for the first time a comprehensive quantitative and qualitative time-series analysis of mature forest loss within the Brazilian Atlantic Forest, a well-known global biodiversity hotspot. From 2010 to 2020 we detected 14,401 deforestation polygons, resulting in a loss of 186,289 ha, most of it with a high likelihood of illegality. This loss occurred mainly in small-sized patches on private lands for agricultural expansion, although it also occurred in protected areas and indigenous lands. Deforestation is concentrated in two hotspots involving different agricultural actors and land use change processes. This scenario poses risks of species extinction, ecosystem service losses, and a weakened capacity to address climate change in a densely populated region. This data challenges the effectiveness of the current mechanisms used to face deforestation. However, our data provides subisidies to prevent it and move towards zero deforestation.
Fine mapping of QGPC.caas-7AL for grain protein content in bread wheat
Authors: Zhao Dehui , Zeng Jianqi , Jin Hui , Liu Dan , Yang Li , Xia Xianchun , Tian Yubing , Zhang Yan , Cao Shuanghe , Zhu Wei , Wang Chunping , He Zhonghu , Liu Jindong , Zhang Yong 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Wheat grain protein content (GPC) is important for end-use quality. Identification of genetic loci for GPC is helpful to create new varieties with good processing quality and nutrients. Zhongmai 578 (ZM578) and Jimai 22 (JM22) are two elite wheat varieties with different contents of GPC. In the present study, 262 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) derived from a cross between ZM578 and JM22 were used to map the GPC with high-density wheat Illumina iSelect 50K single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) array. Seven quantitative trait loci (QTL) were identified for GPC on chromosomes 3AS, 3AL 3BS, 4AL, 5BS, 5DL and 7AL by inclusive composite interval mapping, designated as QGPC.caas-3AS, QGPC.caas-3AL, QGPC.caas-3BS, QGPC.caas-4AL, QGPC.caas-5BS, QGPC.caas-5DL and QGPC.caas-7AL, respectively. Among these, alleles for increasing GPC at QGPC.caas-3AS, QGPC.caas-3BS, QGPC.caas-4AL and QGPC.caas-7AL loci were contributed by ZM578, whereas those at the other three loci were from JM22. The stable QTL QGPC.caas-7AL was fine mapped to a 1.82 Mb physical interval using secondary populations from six heterozygous recombinant plants obtained by selfing a residual RIL. Four genes were predicted as candidates of QGPC.caas-7ALbased on sequence polymorphism and expression patterns. The near-isogenic lines (NILs) with the favorable allele at the QGPC.caas-7AL locus increased farinograph stability time, extension area, extensibility and maximum resistance by 19.6%, 6.3%, 6.0% and 20.3%, respectively. Kompetitive allele-specific PCR (KASP) marker for QGPC.caas-7AL was developed and validated in a diverse panel of 166 Chinese wheat cultivars. These results provide further insight into the genetic basis of GPC, and the fine-mapped QGPC.caas-7AL will be an attractive target for map-based cloning and marker-assisted selection in wheat breeding programs.
Reducing uncertainties of climate projections on solar energy resources in Brazil
Authors: Lima Francisco José Lopes , Gonçalves Andre , Costa Rodrigo Santos , Pes Marcelo , Orsini José Antônio Marengo , Pereira Enio Bueno , Martins Fernando Ramos 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

The share of solar energy in Brazil's electrical grid has rapidly increased, reducing GHG emissions and diversifying energy sources for greater energy security. This study is the first to combine satellite and reanalysis data to evaluate Taylor's skill of CMIP6 models in replicating spatial and seasonal patterns of surface solar irradiance (SSR) in Brazil. We used an ensemble with the highest-skill CMIP6 models to assess the climate change factor (CCF) on solar energy up to 2100 under SSP2-4.5 and SSP5-8.5 scenarios. For most of the Brazilian territory, CCF evidences a robust signal that the annual average SSR will increase by 2% to 8% from the next decade to 2100. An exception occurs in the South of Brazil, where the annual CCF decreases by around -3%. PV yield is predicted to steadily increase in five metropolitan regions until 2100, highlighting the need for public policies to support PV distributed generation as a suitable resource to replace fossil fuels and meet the growing energy future demand in urban areas.
Automatic Segmentation of Early Triassic Vertebrate Fossil CT Scans: Reducing Human Annotation Time through Deep Learning
Authors: Knutsen Espen M. , Konovalov Dmitry A. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Recent developments in Deep Learning have opened the possibility for automated segmentation of large and highly detailed CT scan datasets of fossil material. However, previous methodologies have required large amounts of training data to reliably extract complex skeletal structures. Here we present a method for automated Deep Learning segmentation to obtain high-fidelity 3D models of fossils digitally extracted from the surrounding rock, training the model with less than 1%-2% of the total CT dataset. This workflow has the capacity to revolutionise the use of Deep Learning to significantly reduce the processing time of such data and boost the availability of segmented CT-scanned fossil material for future research outputs. Our final Unet segmentation model achieved a validation Dice similarity of 0.96.
Effectiveness of a Blended Simulation Education Program on Advanced Cardiac Life Support for Nursing Students Using the PARTNER Model
Authors: Kang Miyoung , Lee Eunju 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background
The incidence of acute cardiac arrest is increasing and is directly linked to patient survival, highlighting the critical role of nurses. Advanced nursing skills for cardiac arrest patients, such as self-directed pre-learning applied to various clinical situations, require a systematic blended learning approach to integrate knowledge and enhance clinical performance through face-to-face practice.
Objectives
This study aims to apply a blended simulation education program using the PARTNER model to nursing students and evaluate its effectiveness on their knowledge, confidence, performance in advanced cardiac life support, clinical performance ability, and learning satisfaction.
Design:
The program is structured in phases including pre-stage, pre-learning assessment, pre-learning integration, cooperative learning, core summary lectures, evaluation, and post-reflection. It is theoretically grounded in flipped learning based on the PARTNER model.
Setting and Participants:
The study design is a non-equivalent control group pre-post-test design, conducted from November 4 to December 30, 2022, with third-year nursing students at K University in D City, Korea.
Methods
The experimental group received a 480-minute advanced cardiac life support blended simulation education program using the PARTNER model, while the control group received a traditional simulation education program of equal duration.
Results
The study found that knowledge, confidence, performance in advanced cardiac life support, and clinical performance ability were effectively enhanced, although no significant effect was observed in learning satisfaction.
Conclusions
The program provides a new direction in applying blended simulation using the PARTNER model for advanced cardiac life support nursing education, ultimately contributing to the training of nurses competent in advanced cardiac life support.
Used cars Traffic From Europe to Atlantic Africa: Reconciling Environmental Requirements and Social Expectations.
Authors: LIHOUSSOU Messan , STECK Benjamin , NGOM Ndèye 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

This paper addresses sustainable mobility in Atlantic Africa through compliance with environmental standards, limited by the circulation of very used cars often responsible for various nuisances. This study aimed to show that, in view of environmental requirements, to perpetuate the export of used cars from Europe to Africa, it is necessary to systematize their management. Thus, the methodology (quantitative and qualitative) analyses databases of the International Organization of Motor Vehicle Manufacturers (OICA) from 2015 to 2023 of government and port authorities supplemented by surveys based on direct observation in the field, questionnaires and interviews involving 55 stakeholders in Europe and 127 in Africa. The results demonstrate that cars used and their parts, but not wrecks, are essential for motorization in Atlantic Africa. A pre-export process needs to be set up to ensure that exported vehicles are parked in better condition to meet the required common environmental standards.
An Outlier Detection Algorithm Based on Local Density Feedback Outlier Factor
Authors: Zhang Zhongping , Hou Yuehan , Jia Yin , Zhang Ruibo 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Neighborhood similarity assumes that adjacent objects should exhibit similar characteristics. To address the issue that previous density-based algorithms neglected neighborhood similarity and global information, resulting in low accuracy for outlier detection, we propose an outlier detection algorithm based on local density feedback outlier factor. Firstly, principal component analysis method is employed combining with natural neighbor search algorithm for density estimation. Subsequently, a density feedback mechanism is introduced for post-processing density values, which defines the density differences within the neighborhood as feedback signals, and update density feedback values for each object based on the principle of neighborhood similarity. Through multiple iterations of feedback, individual objects can aggregate global information. Finally, feedback outlier factor is defined to quantify outlier degrees. Experimental validation demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm in enhancing outlier detection performance.
Non-antibiotic feed additives production by Acremonium terricola solid-fermented Camellia oleifera meal
Authors: Zhang Peng , Xiong Ying , Bi Luanluan , Zhong Haiyan , Ren Jiali , Zhou Bo 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

The study of antibiotic-free feed additives production by Acremonium terricola (A. terricola) solid-fermented Camellia oleifera meal (COM) has been carried out in this work. Firstly, the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC, 10 mg/mL) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC, 15 mg/mL) of tea saponin on A. terricola were determined by double dilution method. Then, the tea saponin tolerance concentrations (≤5 mg/mL) for A. terricola to increase production of cordycepic acid and ergosterol has been determined according to the stress mechanism for homeostasis balance of cell and energy, and change in enzyme protection system. Lastly, the comparative analysis of production and accumulation of cordycepic acid and ergosterol in A. terricola cultures (ATCs), which solid-fermented desaponificated COM (tea saponin, 2.6 mg/100 g), rice bran (RB) and wheat bran (WB), has been conducted. All results demonstrated homeostasis of cell and energy has been balanced by increasing production of chitin and ergosterol, and the activity of POD and Na+/K+-ATPase, respectively. COM containing tea saponins (≤5 mg/mL) significantly promoted the production and accumulation of cordycepic acid and ergosterol compared to rice bran (RB) and wheat bran (WB). This work indicated that COM can partially replace food or food by-products to prepare antibiotic-free feed additives by A. terricola.
A vacuolar proton pump controls post-germinative growth of rice (Oryza sativa ssp. japonica)
Authors: Gann Peter James Icalia , Nandy Soumen , Botelho Flavia Barbosa Silva , Vinzant Kari , Khodakovskaya Mariya , Srivast Vibha 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Post-germinative growth in plants is controlled by sucrose mobilization from the endosperm. Regulation of this process, however, is not fully understood. Transcriptional suppression of the rice vacuolar H + translocating pyrophosphatase (V-PPase) referred to as VPP5 led to enhanced starch content in mature grains. However, vpp5 suppressed lines displayed a slower post-germinative growth rescuable by sucrose, indicating inefficient sucrose mobilization from the endosperm. Biochemical and gene expression analyses showed a slower rate of starch to sucrose conversion and altered expression of the key starch conversion pathway genes. We hypothesized that the modulation of metabolic activities in the vpp5 lines was based on the perturbation in the homeostasis of H + and/or inorganic pyrophosphate (PPi). Concurring with this, we found enhanced levels of PPi in vpp5 germinating seeds. Metabolomic analysis of the germinating seeds at two different stages of germination revealed a slower rate of metabolism and a differential enrichment of metabolites associated with starch and sucrose metabolism in vpp5 compared to the wildtype. Notably, the yield traits of vpp5 lines were not impacted as grain numbers and grain weight of the greenhouse ripened seeds were similar to that of the wildtype. In conclusion, VPP5 encoding the endosperm-specific V-PPase regulates starch to sucrose conversion in germinating seeds, and its suppression results in a slower post-germinative growth but does not impact the reproductive development and grain yield of the plants.
Research on the correlation between surface damage and radon release of uranium tailings dam after seismic based on binocular vision
Authors: Liu Kai , Dai Xingwang , Liu Yong , Xu Zhenghua , Hong Changshou , Chang Chenxiao 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

In order to obtain the surface crack development, displacement information of uranium tailing dam conveniently, and evaluate the interrelationship between surface damage and radon migration changes, this paper constructed an indoor model based and built a binocular camera using smartphones to obtain the model surface image data under the multi-stage simulated seismic loading. Image processing techniques were used to quantify surface cracks and displacements, and radon meters recorded radon release data. The results showed that the surface crack of the model was positively correlated with the loading strength. At 0.9 g, the crack rate reached 3.27%, and the free surface caused by the crack led to multiple traction failures; The maximum displacement of artificial markers on the slope increased steadily from 7.748 mm after 0.3 g to 19.45 mm after 0.7 g, and then surged to 46.52 mm after 0.9 g; The stronger the simulated earthquake intensity, the higher the concentration of radon released by the model. The trend of radon release was consistent with the crack and displacement, but the rate of change was more synchronized with the displacement. The technique is expected to provide an economical and intuitive method for dam engineering and environmental safety evaluation.
The Societal Burden associated with Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis: a cross-sectional burden-of-disease study
Authors: Hoelen Thomáy-Claire Ayala , Evers Silvia M. , Arts Jacobus J. , Willems Paul C. , Mastrigt Ghislaine van 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background
Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) has a general population prevalence of 2–3%. The impact of AIS on the patients’ quality of life is increasingly recognized. However, there is limited knowledge on the societal burden of AIS. Therefore, this study aimed to determine societal burden of AIS.
Methods
A cross-sectional, prevalence-based, bottom-up burden of disease study was conducted. AIS patients or parents of a child with AIS residing in the Netherlands were eligible for inclusion. The survey was distributed between June - December 2022 and was completed once by each participant. The institute for Medical Technology Assessment - Medical Consumption and Productivity Cost Questionnaires were used to assess costs. The health-related quality of life (HRQoL) was assessed using the EuroQol 5D-5L/EuroQol 5D Youth and the Scoliosis Research Society-22 revised questionnaires. Costs and HRQoL were identified, measured, and valued.
Results
Participants (n = 229) were predominantly female (92%), on average 35 years old, and were employed (65%). The societal cost for a patient with AIS in the Netherlands was €12,275 per year. The largest costs were estimated for the healthcare and productivity sectors. The mean utility score for adults was 0.7 (SD 0.20). Severe pain was experienced by 10% of the adult participants and 44% reported to experience moderate pain/discomfort. Statistically significant differences between different age groups were present for individual sector costs and HRQoL.
Conclusions
AIS negatively impacts societal costs and the HRQoL. Reducing the productivity sector burden and further improving the HRQoL of life for patients with AIS is needed.
Exploring Multidimensional Aspects of Hope Speech Computationally: A Psycholinguistic and Emotional Perspective
Authors: Arif Muhammad , Tash Moein Shahiki , Jamshidi Ainaz , Ameer Iqra , Ullah Fida , Kalita Jugal , Gelbukh Alexander , Balouchzahi Fazlourrahman 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Hope is a vital coping mechanism, enabling individuals to effectively confront life's challenges. This study proposes a technique employing Natural Language Processing (NLP) tools like Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count (LIWC), NRC-emotion-lexicon, and vaderSentiment to analyze social media posts, extracting psycholinguistic, emotional, and sentimental features from a hope speech dataset. The findings of this study reveal distinct cognitive, emotional, and communicative characteristics and psycholinguistic dimensions, emotions, and sentiments associated with different types of hope shared in social media. Furthermore, the study explores the potential of using this data to classify various hope types via machine learning algorithms. Notably, models such as LightGBM and CatBoost exhibit promising performance, outperforming traditional methods and rivaling deep learning techniques.
A nomogram based on circulating CD8 + T cell and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio to predict overall survival of patients with locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Authors: Yan Chang , Yang Guohai , Zhang Chaojun , Chen KaiHua , Sun Yongchu , Liang Zhongguo , Lai Lin , Li Ling , Qu Song , Zhu Xiao-Dong 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Purpose
To explore the influence of circulating lymphocyte subsets, serum markers, clinical factors, and their impact on overall survival (OS) in locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma (LA-NPC). Additionally, to construct a nomogram predicting OS for LA-NPC patients using independent prognostic factors.
Methods
A total of 530 patients with LA-NPC were included in this study. In the training cohort, Cox regression analysis was utilized to identify independent prognostic factors, which were then integrated into the nomogram. The concordance index (C-index) was calculated for both training and validation cohorts. Schoenfeld residual analysis, calibration curves, and decision curve analysis (DCA) were employed to evaluate the nomogram. Kaplan-Meier methods was performed based on risk stratification using the nomogram.
Results
A total of 530 LA-NPC patients were included. Multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that the circulating CD8+T cell, platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), albumin (ALB), gender, and clinical stage were independent prognostic factors for LA-NPC (p < 0.05). Schoenfeld residual analysis indicated overall satisfaction of the proportional hazards assumption for the Cox regression model. The C-index of the nomogram was 0.724 (95% CI: 0.669–0.779) for the training cohort and 0.718 (95% CI: 0.636-0.800) for the validation cohort. Calibration curves demonstrated good correlation between the model and actual survival outcomes. DCA confirmed the clinical utility enhancement of the nomogram over the TNM staging system. Significant differences were observed in OS among different risk stratifications.
Conclusion
Circulating CD8+ T cell, PLR, LDH, ALB, gender and clinical stage are independent prognostic factors for LA-NPC. The nomogram and risk stratification constructed in this study effectively predict OS in LA-NPC.
A two-stage optimized robust kernel density estimation for Bayesian classification with outliers
Authors: Wei Chenghao , Peng Bo , Li Chen , Liu Yingying , Ye Zhiwei , Zuo Zhiqiang 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

A Bayesian classifier based on kernel density estimation (KDE) is an effective routine for continuous data classification. However, the presence of outliers and inappropriate selection of bandwidth may cause inaccurate and distorted estimations of the density function. This paper presents an improved Bayesian classification approach by employing an optimized robust kernel density estimation (ORKDE). The impact of outliers can be down-weighted by a two-stage optimization in the conditional probability density calculation. In the first stage, an improved hybrid rice optimization (HRO) algorithm is proposed for selecting the bandwidth of a Gaussian KDE using a mixed cross-validation function. It incorporates Levy flight and elite reverse learning strategy to enhance the global optimization searching capability. In the second stage, a soft-redescending Welsch function is applied as the loss function to reduce the weights of outliers using the M-estimation in the kernel space. The relative efficiency index is used to derive the tuning parameter of the influence function. A kernelized iteratively re-weighted least-squares procedure employs both the tuning parameter and the quantile rule for effectively calculating the optimal weights of samples. With the proposed ORKDE method, the Naive Bayesian classifier enhances the generalization in the classification with outliers. The effectiveness of our method is demonstrated by the experiments using synthetic and real-world datasets.