bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of self‐sampling human papillomavirus test on precancer detection and screening uptake in Japan: The ACCESS randomized controlled trial
Authors: Fujita Misuzu , Nagashima Kengo , Shimazu Minobu , Suzuki Misae , Tauchi Ichiro , Sakuma Miwa , Yamamoto Setsuko , Hanaoka Hideki , Shozu Makio , Tsuruoka Nobuhide , Kasai Tokuzo , Hata Akira 
Published: April 2024

AbstractJapan is lagging in cervical cancer prevention. The effectiveness of a self‐sampling human papillomavirus (HPV) test, a possible measure to overcome this situation, has not yet been evaluated. A randomized controlled trial was performed to evaluate the effectiveness of a self‐sampling HPV test on detection of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2 or worse (CIN2+) and screening uptake. Women between 30 and 58 years old who did not participate in the cervical cancer screening program for ≥3 years were eligible and assigned to the intervention group (cytology or self‐sampling HPV test) or control group (cytology). Participants assigned to the intervention group were sent a self‐sampling kit according to their ordering (opt‐in strategy). A total of 7337 and 7772 women were assigned to the intervention and control groups, respectively. Screening uptake in the intervention group was significantly higher than that in the control group (20.0% vs. 6.4%; risk ratio: 3.10; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.82, 3.42). The compliance rate with cytology triage for HPV‐positive women was 46.8% (95% CI: 35.5%, 58.4%). CIN2+ was detected in five and four participants in the intervention and control groups, respectively; there was no difference for intention‐to‐screen analysis (risk ratio: 1.32; 95% CI: 0.36, 4.93). Self‐sampling of HPV test increased screening uptake; however, no difference was observed in the detection of CIN2+, probably due to the low compliance rate for cytology triage in HPV‐positive women. Efforts to increase cytology triage are essential to maximize precancer detections.
Injectable bioactive poly(propylene fumarate) and polycaprolactone based click chemistry bone cement for spinal fusion in rabbits
Authors: Liu Xifeng , Astudillo Potes Maria D. , Serdiuk Vitalii , Dashtdar Babak , Schreiber Areonna C. , Rezaei Asghar , Lee Miller A. , Hamouda Abdelrahman M. , Shafi Mahnoor , Elder Benjamin D. , Lu Lichun 
Published: April 2024

AbstractDegenerative spinal pathology is a widespread medical issue, and spine fusion surgeries are frequently performed. In this study, we fabricated an injectable bioactive click chemistry polymer cement for use in spinal fusion and bone regrowth. Taking advantages of the bioorthogonal click reaction, this cement can be crosslinked by itself eliminating the addition of a toxic initiator or catalyst, nor any external energy sources like UV light or heat. Furthermore, nano‐hydroxyapatite (nHA) and microspheres carrying recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein‐2 (rhBMP‐2) and recombinant human vascular endothelial growth factor (rhVEGF) were used to make the cement bioactive for vascular induction and osteointegration. After implantation into a rabbit posterolateral spinal fusion (PLF) model, the cement showed excellent induction of new bone formation and bridging bone, achieving results comparable to autograft control. This is largely due to the osteogenic properties of nano‐hydroxyapatite (nHA) and the released rhBMP‐2 and rhVEGF growth factors. Since the availability of autograft sources is limited in clinical settings, this injectable bioactive click chemistry cement may be a promising alternative for spine fusion applications in addressing various spinal conditions.
Therapeutic plasma exchange as an intervention for gemtuzumab ozogamicin impaired hemoglobin scavenging: A case and systematic review
Authors: Adkins Brian D. , Noland Daniel K. , Slone Tamra , Sadanand Arhanti 
Published: April 2024

AbstractGemtuzumab ozogamicin (GO) is a CD33 monoclonal antibody‐drug conjugate currently in use to treat myeloid malignancies. A unique adverse effect of this medication is destruction of CD33 positive macrophages resulting in reduced clearance of free hemoglobin leading to grossly red plasma. This build‐up of free hemoglobin can potentially lead to end organ damage and prevent performance of clinically necessary laboratory evaluation. We present a case of a pediatric patient who developed this adverse effect and was successfully treated with therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE). We also present results from a systematic review of the medical literature and share data from a query of the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Adverse Event Reporting system for GO‐related hemoglobin scavenging impairment. Among reported cases, patients undergoing TPE and those receiving steroids had improved outcomes. Practitioners should be aware of this rare drug side‐effect and the potential utility of TPE for these patients.
Ab initio multireference calculation of electronic spectra of the osmium complexes, [Os(bpy) 3] 2+ and [Os(phen) 3] 2+
Authors: Terek Saša , Milovanović Milan 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe spin‐orbit coupling corrected absorption spectra of osmium complexes, [Os(bpy)] and [Os(phen)], were calculated by using ab initio multireference perturbation method (NEVPT2) with relativistic effects taken into account throughout ZORA approximation and corresponding all‐electron basis sets. For the same purpose, the time‐dependent DFT techniques were used. A very good agreement between NEVPT2 and experimental spectra should be highlighted, especially for the MLCT transitions that occur in visible and near‐UV regions ( cm). Moreover, the present study offers description of excited states of titled osmium complexes and their spectra interpretation using molecular orbitals.
Carboxymethylated Desmodium styracifolium polysaccharide reduces the risk of calcium oxalate kidney stone formation by inhibiting crystal adhesion and promoting crystal endocytosis
Authors: Wang Zhi , Liu Li , Zhao Yao‐Wang , Tong Xin‐Yi , Tang Gu‐Hua , Ouyang Jian‐Ming 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe inhibition of cell surface crystal adhesion and an appropriate increase in crystal endocytosis contribute to the inhibition of kidney stone formation. In this study, we investigated the effects of different degrees of carboxymethylation on these processes. An injury model was established by treating human renal proximal tubular epithelial (HK‐2) cells with 98.3 ± 8.1 nm calcium oxalate dihydrate (nanoCOD) crystals. The HK‐2 cells were protected with carboxy (‐COOH) Desmodium styracifolium polysaccharides at 1.17% (DSP0), 7.45% (CDSP1), 12.2% (CDSP2), and 17.7% (CDSP3). Changes in biochemical indexes and effects on nanoCOD adhesion and endocytosis were detected. The protection of HK‐2 cells from nanoCOD‐induced oxidative damage by carboxymethylated Desmodium styracifolium polysaccharides (CDSPs) is closely related to the protection of subcellular organelles, such as mitochondria. CDSPs can reduce crystal adhesion on the cell surface and maintain appropriate crystal endocytosis, thereby reducing the risk of kidney stone formation. CDSP2 with moderate ‐COOH content showed the strongest protective activity among the CDSPs.
The impact of three learning methods on dental students’ satisfaction and knowledge acquisition
Authors: Toema Sara M. , Amer Nihal S. , Jones Paul C. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractObjectivesHealth professionals’ education presents unique challenges including clinical application of knowledge and interprofessional collaboration. Additionally, institutions suffer from faculty shortages while class sizes increase. Therefore, educators seek innovative andragogical techniques utilizing minimal resources. Several active learning methods have been introduced as a solution. The aim of this study is to assess the impact of lecture (LBL), case (CBL), and team (TBL) based learning on the students’ satisfaction and knowledge attainment.MethodsA total of 134 sophomore dental students are taught pediatric dentistry course using LBL, CBL, and TBL techniques. At the end of the course, students are invited to participate in a satisfaction survey. Statistical analysis is conducted using a two‐sided chi‐square goodness of fit test. Students’ comments are used for qualitative analysis. Final exam analysis is administered via Examsoft software.ResultsA total of 98% of the students participated in the survey out of which 83% met the inclusion criteria (N = 110). Students chose LBL as the method that helped them learn in a comprehensive way, provided the most comfortable environment, and presented the overall highest satisfaction with statistically significant difference (p value = 0.001). LBL questions scored the highest point biserial and discrimination index. The percentage of correct answers and difficulty level was highest for TBL.ConclusionStudents preferred LBL over the other learning methods. Final exam psychometrics showed favorable results for LBL and TBL. Students could potentially benefit from combining both techniques. However, more research is needed to assess the effectiveness of various teaching methods on the short‐ and long‐term learning outcomes.
EV‐COMM: A database of interspecies and intercellular interactions mediated by extracellular vesicles
Authors: Chen Jingyu , Lin Jing‐Jing , Wang Weiyi , Huang Haining , Pan Zhizhen , Ye Guozhu , Dong Sijun , Lin Yi , Lin Congtian , Huang Qiansheng 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIntra‐ and inter‐organismal interactions play a crucial role in the maintenance and function of individuals, as well as communities. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have been identified as effective mediators for the communication both within and between species. They can carry and transport molecular cargoes to transmit biological messages. Several databases (ExoBCD, ExoCarta, EVpedia, EV‐TRACK, Vesiclepedia) complied the cargoes information including DNA, RNA, protein, lipid and metabolite associated with EVs. Databases that refer to the complete records on both donor and recipient information are warranted to facilitate the understanding of the interaction across cells and species. In this study, we developed a database that compiled the records equipped with a structured process of EV‐mediated interaction. The sources of donor and recipient were classified by cell type, tissues/organs and species, thus providing an extended knowledge of cell‐cell, species‐species interaction. The isolation and identification methods were presented for assessing the quality of EVs. Information on functional cargoes was included, where microRNA was linked to a prediction server to broaden its potential effects. Physiological and pathological context was marked to show the environment where EVs functioned. At present, a total of 1481 data records in our database, including 971 cell‐cell interactions belonging to more than 40 different tissues/organs, and 510 cross‐species records. The database provides a web interface to browse, search, visualize and download the interaction records. Users can search for interactions by selecting the context of interest or specific cells/species types, as well as functional cargoes. To the best of our knowledge, the database is the first comprehensive database focusing on interactions between donor and recipient cells or species mediated by EVs, serving as a convenient tool to explore and validate interactions. The Database, shorten as EV‐COMM (EV mediated communication) is freely available at http://sdc.iue.ac.cn/evs/list/ and will be continuously updated.
Comparison of metronidazole versus clarithromycin in first‐line vonoprazan‐based triple therapy for Helicobacter pylori: A multicenter randomized trial in Japan
Authors: Sue Soichiro , Oka Hiroyuki , Kunishi Yosuke , Suzuki Yuichi , Suzuki Shingo , Kaneko Takashi , Komatsu Kazuo , Naito Makoto , Kato Yoshio , Sasaki Tomohiko , Kaneko Hiroaki , Irie Kuniyasu , Kondo Masaaki , Maeda Shin 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackground and AimTo date, no randomized trials have compared the efficacy of 7‐day vonoprazan, amoxicillin, and metronidazole triple therapy (VAM) versus 7‐day vonoprazan, amoxicillin, and clarithromycin triple therapy (VAC) as a first‐line treatment for Helicobacter pylori eradication. This study was performed to compare the efficacy of VAM and VAC as first‐line treatments.MethodsThis prospective multicenter randomized trial was performed in Japan and involved 124 H. pylori‐positive patients without a history of eradication. Patients without antibiotic resistance testing of H. pylori were eligible. The patients were randomized to receive either VAC (vonoprazan 20 mg + amoxicillin 750 mg + clarithromycin 200 or 400 mg twice a day) or VAM (vonoprazan 20 mg + amoxicillin 750 mg + metronidazole 250 mg twice a day) for 7 days, with stratification by age and sex. Eradication success was evaluated using the 13C‐urea breath test. We evaluated safety using patient questionnaires (UMIN000025773).ResultsThe intention‐to‐treat and per‐protocol eradication rates of VAM were 91.3% (95% confidence interval [CI], 82.0–96.7%) and 92.6% (95% CI, 83.7–97.6%), respectively, and those of VAC were 89.1% (95% CI, 77.8–95.9%) and 96.1% (95% CI, 86.5–99.5%), respectively. No significant difference was observed between VAM and VAC in either analysis (P = 0.76 and P = 0.70, respectively). Abdominal fullness was more frequent in patients who received VAM than VAC.ConclusionsThese findings suggest that VAM as a first‐line treatment in Japan can be categorized as grade B (intention‐to‐treat cure rate of 90–95%) and have potential as a first‐line national insurance ‐approved regimen.
Simple, sensitive, and visual detection of 12 respiratory pathogens with one‐pot‐RPA‐CRISPR/Cas12a assay
Authors: Tan Qi , Shi Yaoqiang , Duan Chenlu , Li Qingyuan , Gong Tao , Li Shilin , Duan Xiaoqiong , Xie He , Li Yujia , Chen Limin 
Published: April 2024

AbstractRespiratory infections pose a serious threat to global public health, underscoring the urgent need for rapid, accurate, and large‐scale diagnostic tools. In recent years, the CRISPR/Cas (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/CRISPR‐associated) system, combined with isothermal amplification methods, has seen widespread application in nucleic acid testing (NAT). However, achieving a single‐tube reaction system containing all necessary components is challenging due to the competitive effects between recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) and CRISPR/Cas reagents. Furthermore, to enable precision medicine, distinguishing between bacterial and viral infections is essential. Here, we have developed a novel NAT method, termed one‐pot‐RPA‐CRISPR/Cas12a, which combines RPA with CRISPR molecular diagnostic technology, enabling simultaneous detection of 12 common respiratory pathogens, including six bacteria and six viruses. RPA and CRISPR/Cas12a reactions are separated by paraffin, providing an independent platform for RPA reactions to generate sufficient target products before being mixed with the CRISPR/Cas12a system. Results can be visually observed under LED blue light. The sensitivity of the one‐pot‐RPA‐CRISPR/Cas12a method is 2.5 × 100 copies/μL plasmids, with no cross‐reaction with other bacteria or viruses. Additionally, the clinical utility was evaluated by testing clinical isolates of bacteria and virus throat swab samples, demonstrating favorable performance. Thus, our one‐pot‐RPA‐CRISPR/Cas12a method shows immense potential for accurate and large‐scale detection of 12 common respiratory pathogens in point‐of‐care testing.
Neuronal mechanisms regulating locomotion in adult Drosophila
Authors: Gowda Swetha B. M. , Banu Ayesha , Hussain Sadam , Mohammad Farhan 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe coordinated action of multiple leg joints and muscles is required even for the simplest movements. Understanding the neuronal circuits and mechanisms that generate precise movements is essential for comprehending the neuronal basis of the locomotion and to infer the neuronal mechanisms underlying several locomotor‐related diseases. Drosophila melanogaster provides an excellent model system for investigating the neuronal circuits underlying motor behaviors due to its simple nervous system and genetic accessibility. This review discusses current genetic methods for studying locomotor circuits and their function in adult Drosophila. We highlight recently identified neuronal pathways that modulate distinct forward and backward locomotion and describe the underlying neuronal control of leg swing and stance phases in freely moving flies. We also report various automated leg tracking methods to measure leg motion parameters and define inter‐leg coordination, gait and locomotor speed of freely moving adult flies. Finally, we emphasize the role of leg proprioceptive signals to central motor circuits in leg coordination. Together, this review highlights the utility of adult Drosophila as a model to uncover underlying motor circuitry and the functional organization of the leg motor system that governs correct movement.
Reduced osseointegration in disuse and denervation rat models results from impaired cellular responses to multiscale microstructured titanium surfaces
Authors: Deng Jingyao , Joshua Cohen David , Matias Enrique B. , Olson Lucas C. , McClure Michael J. , Boyan Barbara D. , Schwartz Zvi 
Published: April 2024

AbstractImmobilization‐induced skeletal unloading results in muscle atrophy and rapid bone loss, thereby increasing the risk of falling and the need for implant therapy in patients with extended bed rest or neuromuscular injuries. Skeletal unloading causes bone loss by altering bone growth and resorption, suggesting that implant performance might be affected. To test this, we focused on early events in implant osseointegration. We used the rat sciatic neurectomy‐induced disuse model under two different settings. In Study 1, 16 Sprague Dawley rats (SD) were separated into control, sham operated+cast immobilization, and sciatic neurectomy+casting groups; titanium implants with multiscale microtextured topography and hydrophilic chemistry (modSLA) were inserted in the distal femoral metaphysis. Neurectomy surgeries and casting were performed at the same surgical setting as implant placement; rats were euthanized 4 weeks post‐implantation. In Study 2, we established the unloaded condition before implantation. A total of 12 SD rats were divided into control and sciatic+femoral neurectomy groups. A total of 24 days after sciatic and femoral neurectomy surgery, rats received implants. Study 2 rats were euthanized at 4 weeks post‐implantation. MicroCT and histomorphometry showed that trabecular bone and osseointegration were reduced when disuse was established before implantation. Osteoblasts isolated from Study 1 sciatic neurectomy tibial bones exhibited impaired differentiation on modSLA culture disks, revealing a possible mechanism responsible for the decreased osseointegration observed in the Study 2 rats. This study addressed the importance of considering the mechanical unloading and muscle function history before implant insertion and suggests that implant performance was reduced due to poor cellular ability to regenerate.
The associations of food environment with gastrointestinal cancer outcomes in the United States
Authors: Fei‐Zhang David J. , Schellenberg Samuel J. , Bentrem David J. , Wayne Jeffrey D. , Pawlik Timothy M. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundSocial conditions and dietary behaviors have been implicated in the rising burden of gastrointestinal cancers (GIC). The “food environment” reflects influences on a community level relative to food availability, nutritional assistance, and social determinants of health. Using the US Department of Agriculture‐Food Environment Atlas (FEA), we sought to characterize the association of food environment on GIC presenting stage and long‐term survival.MethodsPatients diagnosed with GIC between 2013 and 2017 were identified using the SEER database. FEA‐scores were based on 282 county‐level food security variables, store‐restaurant availability, SNAP/WIC enrollment, pricing/taxes, and producer vicinity adjusted‐for factors of socioeconomic status, race‐ethnicity, transportation access, and comorbidities. Relative FEA rankings across US counties were averaged into a composite score and assigned to patients by county‐of‐residence. The association of FEA, cancer stage, and survival were analyzed using multiple logistic regression and cox‐proportional hazard models relative to White/non‐White race/ethnicity.ResultsAmong 287,148 patients, the most common GIC‐sites were colon (n = 97,942, 34%), pancreas (n = 49,785, 17.3%), liver (n = 31,098, 11.0%) and esophagus (n = 16,271, 5.7%). A worse food environment was independently associated with increased odds of late‐stage diagnosis (esophageal odds ratio [OR]: 1.03, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.01–1.05; hepatic OR: 1.06, 95% CI: 1.03–1.08; pancreatic OR: 1.04, 95% CI: 1.01–1.06) among all patients; in contrast, food environment was associated with colorectal cancer stage among non‐White patients only (OR: 1.04, 95% CI: 1.03‐1.06). Worse food environment was associated with worse 3‐year survival (colon OR: 1.03, 95% CI: 1.01–1.04; hepatic OR: 1.12, 95% CI: 1.08–1.17; gastric OR: 1.07, 95% CI: 1.01–1.13). Similar associations were noted relative to overall survival among the entire cohort (biliary tract hazard ratio [HR]: 1.03, 95% CI: 1.01–1.05; esophageal HR: 1.02, 95% CI: 1.01–1.04; hepatic HR: 1.07, 95% CI: 1.06–1.09; pancreatic HR: 1.04, 95% CI: 1.02–1.05; rectum HR: 1.03, 95% CI: 1.01‐1.04; gastric HR: 1.05, 95% CI: 1.03–1.07), as well as among non‐White patients (biliary HR: 1.04, 95% CI: 1.01‐1.07; colon HR: 1.03, 95% CI: 1.01–1.05; esophageal HR: 1.05, 95% CI: 1.02–1.08; hepatic HR: 1.08, 95% CI: 1.06–1.10) (all p < 0.003).ConclusionsFood environment was independently associated with late‐stage tumor presentation and worse 3‐year and overall survival among GIC patients. Interventions to address inequities across communities relative to food environments are needed to alleviate disparities in cancer care.
Effect of increased CO2 on calcium homeostasis and signaling in a marine diatom
Authors: Zhang Zhen , Ma Jie , Chen Fengyuan , Chen Shanshan , Pan Ke , Liu Hongbin 
Published: April 2024

AbstractOcean acidification influences photosynthesis, respiration, and metabolism in marine diatoms, leading to changes in diatom growth performance and shifts in phytoplankton communities. Previous studies have demonstrated that increases in seawater CO2 concentrations affect the uptake of trace metals such as iron, zinc, copper, and cobalt by marine diatoms. However, the influence of increased CO2 on calcium, which plays a vital role as a secondary messenger in various signaling pathways within organisms, has received limited attention so far. This study examined the effect of increased CO2 on Ca homeostasis and signaling in the marine diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum. While seawater acidification had little effect on the diatom's growth, it significantly changed cell properties (surface topography, adhesion, and surface potential). Elevated CO2 concentrations reduced calcium accumulation P. tricornutum and lowered the rise of cytosolic Ca2+ transients stimulated by toxic aldehyde, phosphorus supplement, and hypo‐osmotic stress. Our results suggest that a continuous rise in atmospheric CO2 may alter diatoms' response to environmental cues.