bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Laparoscopic ureterolysis with omental wrap for idiopathic retroperitoneal fibrosis
Authors: Stein Robert J. , Patel Neil S. , Quinn Kyle , Berger Milton , Koff Walter , Shah Gaurang , Aron Monish , Berger Andre K. 
Published: January 2010

Study Type – Therapy (case series) Level of Evidence 4OBJECTIVETo describe various approaches for ureterolysis with an omental wrap using minimally invasive techniques, as surgery for idiopathic retroperitoneal fibrosis includes tissue biopsy, ureterolysis, and intraperitonealization or omental wrap.PATIENTS AND METHODSSince 2006 we have performed ureterolysis in four patients diagnosed with retroperitoneal fibrosis in two institutions. The ureterolysis in two cases was bilateral, using a standard laparoscopic approach for one case and a hand‐assisted technique for the other. Unilateral ureterolysis was completed using a standard laparoscopic approach in one case and was converted to a hand‐assisted technique in the other due to difficulty with ureteric identification. An omental wrap was used after ureterolysis for all renal units.RESULTSA minimally invasive technique was used for all ureterolysis procedures and none required open conversion. There was fascial dehiscence after surgery at the hand‐port site in one patient, and required re‐operation for wound closure. The median (range) hospital stay for all patients was 2.5 (2–10) days and the median blood loss was 100 (50–550) mL. No patient required a blood transfusion. At a median 16.5  (12–32) months of follow‐up, there was symptomatic and radiographic success in all patients.CONCLUSIONSUreterolysis can be a challenging operation depending on the extent of the retroperitoneal mass. An understanding of various laparoscopic techniques can provide the flexibility for successful completion of nearly all of these procedures using a minimally invasive approach.
Intractable haematuria: long‐term results after selective embolization of the internal iliac arteries
Authors: Liguori Giovanni , Amodeo Antonio , Mucelli Fabio Pozzi , Patel Hiten , Marco Doddi , Belgrano Emanuele , Trombetta Carlo 
Published: January 2010

Study Type – Therapy (case series) Level of Evidence 4OBJECTIVETo determine the feasibility and efficacy of transarterial embolization (TAE) in haemorrhagic urological emergencies, and to assess the perioperative morbidity, effect of timing of intervention on the requirement for blood transfusion, and the long‐term follow‐up.PATIENTS AND METHODSBetween October 1997 and March 2009, 44 patients (30 men and 14 women; mean age 79 years, range 51–95) with intractable haematuria secondary to advanced pelvic tumour arising from or invading the bladder, underwent internal iliac TAE. Twenty‐four patients had transitional carcinoma of the urinary bladder, 12 adenocarcinoma of the prostate, five carcinoma of the uterus, one cancer of the vagina, two carcinoma of the rectum, three carcinoma of the kidney, two simultaneous carcinoma of prostate and bladder, one simultaneous carcinoma of prostate and kidney and one had haemorrhagic cystitis after radiotherapy.RESULTSTAE of the internal iliac arteries produced initial complete control of bleeding in 36 of the 44 patients (82%). At a mean (range) follow‐up of 10.5 (1–97) months TAE there was permanent control of bleeding in 19 (43%) patients. A second TAE session was use in five (11%) patients and it was successful in two of them. There were 24 patients (55%) who required a mean of 4 (1–17) transfusion units before embolization; only 13 (30%) required more blood products after TAE. The mean haematocrit level before and after TAE was 27% and 31% (P < 0001), and the respective haemoglobin level were 8.7 and 10.3 g/dL (P < 0001). During the follow‐up there were no major complications related to TAE; minor complications were post‐TAE syndrome in 12 (27%) patients, fever (11%), gluteus pain (14%), nausea (2%), and exterior genital oedema (5%). The 6‐ and 12‐month mortality rates were 66% (29 patients) and 18% (eight), respectively.CONCLUSIONSTAE should be considered as an alternative less‐invasive palliative measure and the treatment of choice in these situations. TAE should always be bilateral, the catheter should advance distally to the origin of the superior gluteal artery and the artery embolized with unresorbable particles. Our study confirms the efficacy and safety of TAE in patients with pelvic malignancy, and indicates that this technique should be considered before surgery. The procedure combines the benefits of a minimally invasive approach in decreasing the cost of surgery and operating time, while maintaining low blood loss and analgesia requirement.
Investigation of the association of BMP gene variants with nephropathy in Type 1 diabetes mellitus
Authors: McKnight A. J. , Pettigrew K. A. , Patterson C. C. , Kilner J. , Sadlier D. M. , Maxwell A. P. ,   the Warren 3/UK GoKinD Study Group
Published: January 2010

Diabet. Med. 27, 624–630 (2010)AbstractAims  Diabetic nephropathy is a leading cause of end‐stage renal disease. The transforming growth factor β–bone morphogenic protein (BMP) pathway is implicated in the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy. The BMP2, BMP4 and BMP7 genes are located near linkage peaks for renal dysfunction, and we hypothesize that genetic polymorphisms in these biological and positional candidate genes may be risk factors for diabetic kidney disease.Methods  The BMP7 gene was screened, variants identified and allele frequencies determined by bidirectionally sequencing 46 individuals to facilitate selection of tag SNPs (n = 4). For BMP2 and BMP4 genes, data were downloaded for 19 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from the International HapMap project and six tag SNPs selected.Results  The BMP7 gene was screened for novel genetic polymorphisms, haplotypes were identified, an appropriate subset of variants selected for the investigation of common genetic risk factors, and BMP2, BMP4 and BMP7 genes assessed for association with diabetic nephropathy in 1808 individuals. Thirty‐two SNPs were identified, of which 11 were novel, including an amino‐acid changing SNP (+63639C>T). No significant differences (P > 0.2) were observed when comparing genotype or allele or haplotype frequencies between 864 individuals with Type 1 diabetes and nephropathy compared with 944 individuals with Type 1 diabetes without nephropathy, stratified by recruitment centre.Conclusions  Common polymorphisms in these BMP genes do not strongly influence genetic susceptibility to diabetic nephropathy in White individuals with Type 1 diabetes mellitus.
School‐based interventions promoting both physical activity and healthy eating in Europe: a systematic review within the HOPE project
Authors: De Bourdeaudhuij I. , Van Cauwenberghe E. , Spittaels H. , Oppert J.‐M. , Rostami C. , Brug J. , Van Lenthe F. , Lobstein T. , Maes L. 
Published: January 2010

SummaryIt is the purpose of this study to systematically review the evidence of school‐based interventions targeting dietary and physical activity behaviour in primary (6–12 years old) and secondary school (12–18 years old) children in Europe. Eleven studies (reported in 27 articles) met the inclusion criteria, six in primary school and five in secondary school children. Interventions were evaluated in terms of behavioural determinants, behaviour (diet and physical activity) and weight‐related outcomes (body mass index [BMI] or other indicators of obesity). The results suggest that combining educational and environmental components that focus on both sides of the energy balance give better and more relevant effects. Furthermore, computer‐tailored personalized education in the classroom showed better results than a generic classroom curriculum. Environmental interventions might include organized physical activities during breaks, or before and after school; improved availability of physical activity opportunities in and around the school environment; increased physical education lesson time; improved availability or accessibility of healthy food options; and restricted availability and accessibility of unhealthy food options. More high‐quality studies are needed to assess obesity‐related interventions in Europe.
Prevalence and risk factors for postpartum depression among women with preterm and low‐birth‐weight infants: a systematic review
Authors: Vigod SN , Villegas L , Dennis C‐L , Ross LE 
Published: January 2010

Please cite this paper as: Vigod S, Villegas L, Dennis C‐L, Ross L. Prevalence and risk factors for postpartum depression among women with preterm and low‐birth‐weight infants: a systematic review. BJOG 2010;117:540–550.Background  Although much is known about the risk factors for postpartum depression (PPD), the role of giving birth to a preterm or low‐birth‐weight infant has not been reviewed systematically.Objective  To review systematically the prevalence and risk factors for PPD among women with preterm infants.Search strategy  Medline, CINAHL, EMBASE, PsycINFO and the Cochrane Library were searched from their start dates to August 2008 using keywords relevant to depression and prematurity.Selection criteria  Peer‐reviewed articles were eligible for inclusion if a standardised assessment of depression was administered between delivery and 52 weeks postpartum to mothers of preterm infants.Data collection and analysis  Data on either the prevalence of PPD or mean depression score in the target population and available comparison groups were extracted from the 26 articles included in the review. Risk factors for PPD were also extracted where reported.Main results  The rates of PPD were as high as 40% in the early postpartum period among women with premature infants. Sustained depression was associated with earlier gestational age, lower birth weight, ongoing infant illness/disability and perceived lack of social support. The main limitation was that most studies failed to consider depression in pregnancy as a confounding variable.Author’s conclusions  Mothers of preterm infants are at higher risk of depression than mothers of term infants in the immediate postpartum period, with continued risk throughout the first postpartum year for mothers of very‐low‐birth‐weight infants. Targeted clinical interventions to identify and prevent PPD in this vulnerable obstetric population are warranted.
Prediction of pre‐eclampsia by an analysis of placenta‐derived cellular mRNA in the blood of pregnant women at 15–20 weeks of gestation
Authors: Sekizawa A , Purwosunu Y , Farina A , Shimizu H , Nakamura M , Wibowo N , Rizzo N , Okai T 
Published: January 2010

Please cite this paper as: Sekizawa A, Purwosunu Y, Farina A, Shimizu H, Nakamura M, Wibowo N, Rizzo N, Okai T. Prediction of pre‐eclampsia by an analysis of placenta‐derived cellular mRNA in the blood of pregnant women at 15–20 weeks of gestation. BJOG 2010;117:557–564.Objective  A panel of cellular mRNA markers was used to predict the occurrence of pre‐eclampsia in pregnant women at 15–20 weeks of gestation.Design  Prospective cohort study.Setting  The Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Indonesia, Cipto Mangunkusumo National Hospital, Indonesia.Sample  Peripheral blood samples from asymptomatic pregnant women.Methods  Among 660 women, 62 developed pre‐eclampsia at later gestation (pre‐eclampsia group) and each case was matched with five controls. Therefore, the RNA expression levels in the cellular component of maternal blood in 62 women with pre‐eclampsia were compared with those in 310 controls.Main outcome measures  The cellular RNA expression levels of genes related to angiogenesis and oxidative stress were compared between pre‐eclampsia and control groups. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to analyse the sensitivity of each available marker. A logistic regression analysis was performed to calculate the odds for each woman to be classified as a case.Results  The univariate ROC analysis identified soluble vascular endothelial growth factor receptor‐1 (Flt‐1) and endoglin (ENG) as the markers with the highest sensitivity. The best multivariate model was obtained by combining Flt‐1, ENG, placental growth factor (PlGF) and parity. The relative ROC curve yielded a sensitivity of 66% at a 10% 1 − specificity rate with an area under the curve of 0.884 (P < 0.001).Conclusion  A panel of cellular mRNA markers in maternal blood can predict the development of pre‐eclampsia long before clinical onset.
The effect of peripheral vascular disease on structure and function of resistance arteries isolated from human skeletal muscle
Authors: Coats Paul 
Published: January 2010

SummaryPeripheral vascular disease (PVD) is associated with numerous pathophysiological adaptations of the microvasculature. Considering this, active and passive pressure‐dependent and pressure‐independent mechanisms of vascular control were studied in small resistance arteries isolated from patients with PVD. Using pressure myography and confocal microscopy, human skeletal muscle arteriolar structure and function were compared between paired arteries; one isolated from the healthy non‐diseased proximal skeletal muscle vascular bed (PSM, internal control) and the other from the diseased ischaemic part of the leg [distal skeletal muscle (DSM)]. Structurally, arteries isolated from the diseased part of the leg displayed significant atrophy compared with the non‐diseased arteries. Functionally, no differences were observed in the fundamental ability small resistance arteries to contract or relax. However, active pressure‐dependent myogenic contraction was significantly reduced in DSM arteries compared with PSM arteries. DSM versus PSM; 3 ± 1% versus 22 ± 4% and 3·4% ± 1·1% versus 25 ± 4% at 80 and 120 mmHg, respectively. Furthermore, structural remodelling in DSM arteries could also be correlated with significant changes in vascular wall mechanics. DSM arteries displayed significantly greater incremental dispensability, wall stress and wall strain compared with PSM arteries as a product of pressure‐dependent distension. These alterations in pressure‐dependent active myogenic tone and passive mechanical properties goes some way to explain uncontrolled orthostatic‐dependent changes in leg fluid volume and oedema formation experienced by these patients.
Beneficial effect of the oligomerized polyphenol oligonol on high glucose‐induced changes in eNOS phosphorylation and dephosphorylation in endothelial cells
Authors: Zhang Xiao‐Hong , Yokoo Hiroki , Nishioka Hiroshi , Fujii Hajime , Matsuda Naoyuki , Hayashi Toshio , Hattori Yuichi 
Published: January 2010

Background and purpose:  Hyperglycaemia is known to reduce nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability by modulating endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) activity, and polyphenols are believed to have cardiovascular benefit. One possible mechanism could be through interaction with eNOS.Experimental approach:  The effects of the oligomerized polyphenol oligonol on eNOS phosphorylation status and activity were examined in porcine aortic endothelial cells cultured in high glucose concentrations.Key results:  Exposure to high glucose concentrations strongly inhibited eNOS phosphorylation at Ser‐1177 and dephosphorylation at Thr‐495 in bradykinin (BK)‐stimulated cells. These inhibitory effects of high glucose were significantly prevented by treatment with oligonol. Akt and p38 mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK) were activated in BK‐stimulated cells. High glucose inhibited Akt activation but enhanced p38 MAPK activation, both of which were reversed by oligonol treatment. The phosphatidylinositol 3‐kinase inhibitor wortmannin blocked the reversal by oligonol of phosphorylation at Ser‐1177, but not dephosphorylation at Thr‐495, in BK‐stimulated cells exposed to high glucose. The effect of oligonol on BK dephosphorylation under high glucose was mimicked by protein kinase C (PKC) ε‐neutralizing peptides. These data suggest that the effects of oligonol on high glucose‐induced attenuation of eNOS Ser‐1177 phosphorylation and Thr‐495 dephosphorylation may be regulated by Akt activation and PKCε inhibition respectively. Oligonol also prevented high glucose‐induced attenuation of BK‐stimulated NO production.Conclusions and implications:  Oligonol prevented the impairment of eNOS activity induced by high glucose through reversing altered eNOS phosphorylation status. This mechanism may underlie the beneficial cardiovascular health effects of this oligomerized polyphenol.
Microsomal prostaglandin E synthase‐1 and cyclooxygenase‐2 are both required for ischaemic excitotoxicity
Authors: Ikeda‐Matsuo Y , Hirayama Y , Ota A , Uematsu S , Akira S , Sasaki Y 
Published: January 2010

Background and purpose:  Although both microsomal prostaglandin E synthase (mPGES)‐1 and cyclooxygenase (COX)‐2 are critical factors in stroke injury, but the interactions between these enzymes in the ischaemic brain is still obscure. This study examines the hypothesis that mPGES‐1 activity is required for COX‐2 to cause neuronal damage in ischaemic injury.Experimental approach:  We used a glutamate‐induced excitotoxicity model in cultures of rat or mouse hippocampal slices and a mouse middle cerebral artery occlusion‐reperfusion model in vivo. The effect of a COX‐2 inhibitor on neuronal damage in mPGES‐1 knockout (KO) mice was compared with that in wild‐type (WT) mice.Key results:  In rat hippocampal slices, glutamate‐induced excitotoxicity, as well as prostaglandin (PG) E2 production and PGES activation, was significantly attenuated by either MK‐886 or NS‐398, inhibitors of mPGES‐1 and COX‐2 respectively; however, co‐application of these inhibitors had neither an additive nor a synergistic effect. The protective effect of NS‐398 on the excitotoxicity observed in WT slices was completely abolished in mPGES‐1 KO slices, which showed less excitotoxicity than WT slices. In the transient focal ischaemia model, mPGES‐1 and COX‐2 were co‐localized in the infarct region of the cortex. Injection of NS‐398 reduced not only ischaemic PGE2 production, but also ischaemic injuries in WT mice, but not in mPGES‐1 KO mice, which showed less dysfunction than WT mice.Conclusion and implications:  Microsomal prostaglandin E synthase‐1 and COX‐2 are co‐induced by excess glutamate in ischaemic brain. These enzymes are co‐localized and act together to exacerbate stroke injury, by excessive PGE2 production.
Active sensitization and contact allergy to methyl 2‐octynoate
Authors: Heisterberg Maria Vølund , Vigan Martine , Johansen Jeanne Duus 
Published: January 2010

Background: Methyl 2‐octynoate is a synthetic fragrance which was first described to have sensitizing properties in 1935. It is one of the 26 fragrances to be labelled on the ingredient list according to current European cosmetics regulation. Objectives: To report the experience with patch testing with methyl 2‐octynoate 1% and 2% in pet. Methods: 230 eczema patients were consecutively patch tested with 1% methyl 2‐octynoate at department of Dermato‐allergology Gentofte Hospital, Denmark and 120 eczema patients were consecutively patch tested with 2% M2O in Finn Chambers® at the Départment de Dermatologie, CHU Saint Jacques, France. Results: Three cases of active sensitization were observed. 2 (0.87%) of the 230 Danish subjects tested with 1% in pet. and of the 120 French subjects patch tested with 2% in pet. 1 (0.83%). There was no statistical difference in active sensitization between the two groups (P = 0.72). Allergic contact dermatitis was observed in two patients (1.67%) in the French group and none in the Danish group. Conclusion: Contact allergy to methyl 2‐octynoate was frequently seen when patch testing with 2% in pet. However, active sensitization was also observed, when patch testing with concentrations of 1% and 2% methyl 2‐octynoate. The patch test concentration should be below 1% in pet., but a safe concentration remains to be defined.
Effects of length of cut and mechanical processing on utilization of corn silage harvested at the black line stage of maturity by lactating dairy cows
Authors: HARA Satoshi , TANIGAWA Tamako 
Published: January 2010

ABSTRACTThe effects of length of cut and mechanical processing on corn silage utilization by dairy cows were evaluated. Corn silage treatments were harvested at the black line stage of maturity and chopped at a theoretical length (TLC) of 9.5 mm without processing (Control) or at a TLC of 19 mm with processing at roller clearances of 1, 3, or 5 mm. Eight multiparous Holstein cows were assigned in a replicated 4 × 4 Latin square design with 21‐day periods. Corn silage treatments were fed in diets containing 78.3% corn silage and 21.7% soybean meal (DM basis). Treatments had no significant effects on DMI, milk and 4% FCM production. The efficiency of converting DMI to FCM tended to be greater with processing at a roller clearance of 1 and 3 mm than at other clearances. Apparent total tract digestibility of starch tended to be lowest for cows fed control silage, and increased as roller clearance decreased. Ruminal ammonia concentrations in cows fed control silage were numerically higher than in cows fed proccesed silages. These results suggest that when corn silage is harvested at the black line of maturity, roller clearance should be 3 mm or less with a TLC of 19 mm.
Mesoscale Patterns in the Floristic Composition of Forests in the Central Western Ghats of Karnataka, India
Authors: Ramesh B. R. , Venugopal P. Dilip , Pélissier Raphaël , Patil Santoshgouda V. , Swaminath M. H. , Couteron Pierre 
Published: January 2010

ABSTRACTWe describe the mesoscale floristic patterns in the central Western Ghats of Karnataka, India, through combined analysis of woody species abundance and stand structure data from a network of ninety‐six 1‐ha sampling plots spread across 22,000 km2. A total of 61,906 individuals (≥10 cm gbh) comprising 400 plant species from 254 genera and 75 families were recorded. Euphorbiaceae, Rubiaceae, Lauraceae and Moraceae families constituted 23.5 percent of the total number of species encountered. The relative dominance of species was skewed with Poecilonueron indicum, Xylia xylocarpa, Terminalia tomentosa and Anogeissus latifolia being dominant in some plots. Correspondence analysis (CA) and a nonmetric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) of plots by species abundances data showed similar arching patterns, with significant correlation between the first axis of CA and NMDS (r=0.77). Hierarchical clustering of plot scores along the three first CA axes resulted in splitting the plots into five different categories that broadly reflect the major bioclimatic features of the region. A multiscale bootstrapping test indicated that categorization of the wettest (wet evergreen group 1 and 2) and driest (dry deciduous) groups were robust (P<0.05 with 1000 bootstraps), while the remaining two transitional groups were uncertain (P=0.12 and 0.26 for moist deciduous and semi‐evergreen group, respectively). Principal component analysis revealed that plots with similar floristic composition can encompass contrastingly different physiognomic structures (canopy cover, canopy height and mean tree diameter) probably in relation to their levels of disturbance. Observed patterns in the floristic composition have been discussed in the light of the complex interaction between the bioclimatic and disturbance regimes that characterize the region.