bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mood Disorders and Outcome in Patients Receiving Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy
Authors: SHALABY ALAA , BRUMBERG GENEVIEVE , EL‐SAED AIMAN , SABA SAMIR 
Published: January 2012

Background:

Mood disorders (MD) have been demonstrated to influence outcome in cardiac disease in general and specifically in chronic heart failure (HF). Little is known about their possible effect on response to cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT).
Objective:

To evaluate the influence of MD on CRT response.
Methods:

We conducted a retrospective chart review of all cardiac CRT‐D (CRT defibrillator) recipients (N = 153) at the Veterans Affairs Pittsburgh Healthcare System from beginning of 2004 through end of 2006. All‐cause death and HF‐related hospitalizations (HFH), individually and combined, were sought through 2009.
Results:

During a mean follow‐up time of 31.4 ± 14.7 months, there were 48 (31.4%) deaths and 55 (35.9%) HFHs in HF patients having New York Heart Association class of 2.9 ± 0.3, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) of 25.8 ± 9.1%, left ventricular end‐diastolic diameter (LVEDD) of 61.6 ± 11.6 mm, and QRS of 152 ± 30.5 ms
. A total of 65 (42.5%) patients had MD (depression, anxiety, or posttraumatic stress disorder). Compared to others, patients in the MD group were at a significantly higher risk of HFH alone (47.7% vs 27.3%, P = 0.009) or when combined with death (58.5% vs 39.8%, P = 0.022) but not death alone (35.4% vs 28.4%, P = 0.36). The significant predictive effect of MD on HFH alone and when combined with death shown in univariate analysis was not attenuated after adjustment for age, ejection fraction, etiology of cardiomyopathy, cumulative number of any shocks, smoking, and evidence of postimplantation echocardiographic improvement.
Conclusions:

MD in patients with advanced but stable HF receiving CRT‐D therapy was a predictor of HFH alone or when combined with death but not mortality alone. (PACE 2011;1–9)
Inhibition of Helicoverpa armigera gut pro‐proteinase activation in response to synthetic protease inhibitors
Authors: Parde Vinod D. , Sharma Hari C. , Kachole Manvendra S. 
Published: January 2012

AbstractProtease inhibitors play an important role in host plant defence against herbivores. However, insects have the ability to elevate the production of proteinases or resort to production of a diverse array of proteinases to offset the effect of proteinase inhibitors. Therefore, we studied the inhibition of pro‐proteinase(s) activation in the midgut of the polyphagous pest Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in response to protease inhibitors to develop appropriate strategies for the control of this pest. Gelatin coating present on X‐ray film was used as a substrate to detect electrophoretically separated pro‐proteinases and proteinases of H. armigera gut extract on native‐ and sodium dodecyl sulphate‐polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Six activated pro‐proteinase bands were detected in H. armigera gut lumen, which were partially purified and characterized using substrate assays. Activated H. armigera midgut pro‐proteinase(s) showed activity maxima at pH 8 and 10, and exhibited optimal activity at 40 °C. The activation of H. armigera gut pro‐proteinase isoforms was observed in the fraction eluted on benzamidine‐sepharose 4B column. Purification and substrate assay studies revealed that 23–70 kDa polypeptides were likely the trypsin/chymotrypsin‐like pro‐proteinases. Larvae of H. armigera fed on a cocktail of synthetic inhibitors (antipain, aprotinin, leupeptin, and pefabloc) showed maximum activation of pro‐proteinases compared with the larvae fed on individual inhibitors. The implications of these results for developing plants expressing proteinase inhibitors for conferring resistance to H. armigera are discussed.
Phloem‐specific resistance in Brassica oleracea against the whitefly Aleyrodes proletella
Authors: Broekgaarden Colette , Riviere Pierre , Steenhuis Greet , del sol Cuenca Maria , Kos Martine , Vosman Ben 
Published: January 2012

AbstractThe cabbage whitefly [Aleyrodes proletella L. (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae)] is becoming a serious pest in Brassica oleracea L. (Brassicaceae) crops. However, almost nothing is known about the interaction of this insect with its host plants. Previous studies have shown differences in the natural occurrence of adults, eggs, and nymphs on the closely related B. oleracea cultivars Christmas Drumhead and Riviera grown in the field. In this study, we aimed to identify the nature of these differences and to gain insight into the resistance mechanisms against A. proletella. We used no‐choice experiments on field‐ and greenhouse‐grown plants to show that the differences between the two cultivars are mainly based on antibiosis (traits that reduce herbivore performance) and not on antixenosis (traits that deter herbivory). This was further supported by laboratory choice experiments that indicated little or no discrimination between the two cultivars based on plant volatiles. We showed that resistance is dependent on plant age, that is, resistance increased during plant development, and is mainly independent of environmental factors. Analysis of probing behaviour revealed that the resistance trait affects A. proletella at the phloem level and that morphological differences between the two cultivars are most likely not involved. We suggest that compounds present in the phloem reduce sap ingestion by the whitefly and that this explains the observed resistance.
Aragonitic dendritic prismatic shell microstructure in Thracia (Bivalvia, Anomalodesmata)
Authors: Checa Antonio , Harper Elizabeth M. , Willinger Marc 
Published: January 2012

AbstractThe shells of most anomalodesmatan bivalves are composed of an outer aragonitic layer of either granular or columnar prismatic microstructure, and an inner layer of nacre. The Thraciidae is one of the few anomalodesmatan families whose members lack nacreous layers. In particular, shells of members of the genus Thracia are exceptional in their possession of a very distinctive but previously unreported microstructure, which we term herein “dendritic prisms.” Dendritic prisms consist of slender fibers of aragonite which radiate perpendicular to, and which stack along, the axis of the prism. Here we used scanning and transmission electron microscopical investigation of the periostracum, mantle, and shells of three species of Thracia to reconstruct the mode of shell calcification and to unravel the crystallography of the dendritic units. The periostracum is composed of an outer dark layer and an inner translucent layer. During the free periostracum phase the dark layer grows at the expense of the translucent layer, but at the position of the shell edge, the translucent layer mineralizes with the units typical of the dendritic prismatic layer. Within each unit, the c‐axis is oriented along the prismatic axis, whereas the a‐axis of aragonite runs parallel to the long axis of the fibers. The six‐rayed alignment of the latter implies that prisms are formed by {110} polycyclically twinned crystals. We conclude that, despite its distinctive appearance, the dendritic prismatic layer of the shell of Thracia spp. is homologous to the outer granular prismatic or prismatic layer of other anomalodesmatans, while the nacreous layer present in most anomalodesmatans has been suppressed.
Surgical treatment of severe pulmonic stenosis under cardiopulmonary bypass in small dogs
Authors: Fujiwara M. , Harada K. , Mizuno T. , Nishida M. , Mizukoshi T. , Mizuno M. , Uechi M. 
Published: January 2012

Objectives: The aim of this study was to report the long‐term outcome of the surgical palliation of pulmonic stenosis in dogs.Methods: The subjects comprised three female and six male dogs, mean (±sd) age: 23 (±25) months, mean (±sd) weight: 3·4 (±2·1) kg, diagnosed with severe pulmonic stenosis and right ventricular hypertrophy, with an average preoperative pressure gradient of 153 (±43) mmHg on echocardiography.Results: The pressure overload with severe pulmonic stenosis was reduced by valvotomy, i.e., open pulmonary valve commissurotomy, with/without biomembrane patch grafting, under cardiopulmonary bypass. The postoperative pressure gradient at 1 to 7 days was significantly decreased to 65 (±39) mmHg (P<0·05). The reduced pressure gradient was maintained at 58 (±38) mmHg at final follow‐up.Clinical Significance: Open valvotomy, pulmonary valve commissurotomy and biomembrane patch grafting were effective in reducing obstruction in severe pulmonic stenosis in dogs.
Distribution and persistence of topical clotrimazole after sinus infusion in normal canine cadavers
Authors: Hayes G. M. , Demetriou J. L. 
Published: January 2012

Objectives: To determine the in vitro persistence of clotrimazole 1% cream in the canine frontal sinus and to evaluate the distribution of clotrimazole solution over the sino‐nasal mucosa using a previously described surgical treatment protocol for canine nasal aspergillosis.Methods: Two canine skulls were used to monitor the persistence of clotrimazole cream in the lateral frontal sinus at 37°C. The distribution of irrigation solution around the frontal sinus compartments and nasal cavity was determined using six canine cadaver heads by trephining either the lateral or both the lateral and rostral compartments of the frontal sinus. Stain was added to the sinus irrigation solution before visually inspecting the sagittally sectioned heads.Results: Clotrimazole cream persisted in the frontal sinus for at least 96 hours. The nasal cavity mucosa was completely stained in 8 of 12 sides and almost completely stained in the remaining 4 of 12 sides. Flushing irrigation solution through the lateral compartment of the frontal sinus resulted in inadequate staining of the rostral compartment but medicating both the lateral and rostral compartments resulted in complete coating of all frontal sinus mucosa in eight of eight sides.ClinicalSignificance: Clotrimazole cream has the potential to be retained in the frontal sinus for several days and is distributed effectively in normal canine cadavers. Medicating both the rostral and lateral compartments of the frontal sinus may be indicated in some clinical cases.
Promoter methylation regulates cigarette smoke‐stimulated cyclooxygenase‐2 expression in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: MENG Xin Ying , ZHU Sheng Tao , ZHOU Qiao Zhi , LI Peng , WANG Yong Jun , ZHANG Shu Tian 
Published: January 2012

OBJECTIVE:  Cigarette smoke extracts (CSE) could promote esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) through upregulation of cyclooxygenase‐2 (COX‐2) expression. Promoter methylation mediates the transcriptional modulation of the COX‐2 gene. The aim of the study was to explore whether COX‐2 promoter methylation regulated COX‐2 expression and functional activity in ESCC exposed to CSE.METHODS:  The methylation status of COX‐2 promoter in two human ESCC cell lines, EC109 and TE‐1, was examined using bisulfite sequencing analysis. COX‐2 mRNA and protein expression were detected by reverse‐transcription polymerase chain reaction and Western blot. Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) was examined by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).RESULTS:  The promoter was hypermethylated in TE‐1 which had a low level of COX‐2 expression and was hypomethylated in EC109 with a relatively high level of COX‐2 expression. Stimulation by cigarette smoke ethanol extract (EE) resulted in increased COX‐2 expression in EC109, but not in TE‐1. Treatment with 5‐aza‐2'‐deoxycytidine (5‐aza‐DC) demethylated the promoter and upregulated COX‐2 expression as well as PGE2 production in TE‐1, especially followed by EE stimulation. No significant effect was observed in EC109.CONCLUSION:  These findings suggest that promoter methylation may be one of the mechanisms regulating COX‐2 expression in ESCC in response to stimulation of CSE.
Validation of the Health of the Nation Outcome Scales as a routine measure of outcome in early intervention programmes
Authors: Preti Antonio , Pisano Alessia , Cascio Maria Teresa , Galvan Federico , Monzani Emiliano , Meneghelli Anna , Cocchi Angelo 
Published: January 2012

AbstractAim: So far, no study has assessed the validity of the Health of the Nation Outcome Scales (HoNOS) in patients enrolled in early intervention programmes, nor has any study evaluated the validity of the HoNOS in people at ultra high‐risk (UHR) of psychosis. This study set out to assess the validity and reliability of the HoNOS as a measure of outcome in the patients enrolled in an early intervention programme.Methods: The concurrent, discriminant and predictive validity, and the reliability of the HoNOS as a measure of outcome in an early intervention programe were assessed in 87 first‐episode psychosis (FEP) patients, and in 81 patients at UHR of psychosis.Results: Reliability indexes were good in the FEP sample, and less good in the UHR sample. HoNOS total scores differentiated between FEP and UHR patients, and the HoNOS subscales proved able to assess a specific profile of symptoms in the two samples, demonstrating a helpful adjunctive measure of health status without complete overlap with other scales. Sensitivity to change was also very good, again with differences between FEP and UHR patients. HoNOS scores at intake did not predict failure to attain remission in FEP patients. There were too few cases of transition to psychosis (n = 2) to assess predictive validity of HoNOS in the UHR sample.Conclusion: HoNOS possesses satisfactory sensitivity and validity to be used in the routine assessment in early intervention programmes.
Oral vascular malformation in a patient with hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia: a case report
Authors: Hopp Renato Nicolás , de Siqueira Douglas Cardoso , Sena‐Filho Marcondes , Jorge Jacks 
Published: January 2012

ABSTRACTHereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT) is an inherited mucocutaneous disease characterized by recurrent epistaxis, lesions on skin and oral mucosa, and arteriovenous malformations of the soft tissues. This article describes the treatment of a 64‐year‐old woman with a bleeding nodule, which was diagnosed as an arteriovenous malformation of the gingival mucosa. She was treated using sclerotherapy. Patients with HHT can be treated in the dental office and vascular malformations of these patients can be successfully managed with sclerotherapy, which eliminates the need for invasive surgical procedures and the possibility of postsurgical complications.
A one‐year survey of inpatient dental consultations at a children's hospital
Authors: Kanuga Shukan , Sheller Barbara , Williams Bryan J. , Mancl Lloyd 
Published: January 2012

ABSTRACTThis study describes dental consultations for pediatric inpatients. Records of inpatient dental consultations in 2007 were analyzed to determine consultation reasons, diagnoses, treatment, and demographics. Consultations from Hematology‐Oncology (Hem‐Onc) and Transplant Oncology (T‐Onc) were further analyzed. One hundred and fifty‐five consultations were performed for 133 subjects. Hem‐Onc (37%) and T‐Onc (17%) were the most frequent consultations. Requests were most frequently for baseline evaluation (33%) and oral pain/discomfort (10%). Frequent dental diagnoses were soft tissue conditions (29%) and caries (23%). A dental home preexisted for 48% of subjects and in 44% of consultations with caries and 53% without caries. Caries was present in 30% of consultations where Medicaid was sole payer versus 18% with non‐Medicaid payers. Subjects from the Oncology department had more baseline evaluations, frequently had soft tissue diagnoses, and more often received preventive counseling and treatment under general anesthesia. In conclusion, dentists play an important role in optimal management of certain hospital inpatients.
POST-COMPRESSION RATE-DISTORTION DEVELOPMENT FOR EMBEDDED BLOCK CODING WITH OPTIMAL TRUNCATION IN JPEG2000 IMAGERY
Authors: BALSTER ERIC J. , FORTENER BENJAMIN T. , TURRI WILLIAM F. 
Published: January 2012

This paper presents a development of the post-compression rate-distortion optimization (PCRD-opt) algorithm in JPEG2000 used for optimal truncation (OT) rate control. The proposed treatment of PCRD-opt differs from the treatment given in the JPEG2000 standard and what is given in a number of publications. The proposed algorithm is implemented in a complete JPEG2000 compression engine as well as the algorithm published in the JPEG2000 standard. The proposed algorithm gives a substantial performance gain, outperforming the implementation given in the standard by 0.25–1 dB in PSNR on average, demonstrating an improvement from the method for PCRD-opt given in the standard. The proposed algorithm is also compared to the JPEG2000 reference implementation, JasPer, and the popular Kakadu JPEG2000 compressor. The proposed algorithm provides equivalent performance results to both JasPer and Kakadu, indicating that the proposed PCRD-opt treatment provides correct OT of JPEG2000 compressed imagery.
An Analysis of NCEP Tropical Cyclone Vitals and Potential Effects on Forecasting Models
Authors: Trahan Sam , Sparling Lynn 
Published: January 2012

Abstract
This study analyzes the Tropical Cyclone Vitals Database (TCVitals), which contains cyclone location, intensity, and structure information, generated in real time by forecasters. These data are used to initialize cyclones in several NCEP operational forecasting models via bogusing and vortex relocation methods. In many situations, time is of the essence and the TCVitals database represents the best real-time estimate of the cyclone state possible in real time, given the limitations of available data and time constraints inherent in real-time forecasting. NCEP and other users of TCVitals have a responsibility to work around the inevitable limitations of what forecasters can do for TCVitals in real time. With ensemble systems becoming available, a way to do that will soon be available. However, the TCVitals’ limitations must first be quantitatively understood so that model developers can take them into account. That is the motivation for the present study, which compares the TCVitals storm location and intensity to postseason reanalysis values found in the best-track database and statistically compares the TCVitals storm depth to 946 Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) overpasses. All storms of tropical depression strength or stronger in all basins are analyzed, with a special focus on National Hurricane Center TCVitals for the North Atlantic and eastern Pacific basins, the main areas of responsibility for NCEP. In addition, the sensitivity to TCVitals on the Hurricane Weather Research and Forecasting (HWRF) model is examined by rerunning the 2011 HWRF for the 2010 North Atlantic season twice: once with TCVitals input and once with best-track input.
Tornado Vulnerability in Texas
Authors: Dixon Richard W. , Moore Todd W. 
Published: January 2012

Abstract
Tornado vulnerability depends on the incidence of and societal exposure to tornadoes for a particular location. This study assesses the vulnerability of Texas counties to tornadoes using tornado incidence and societal exposure composite scores. Three different assessment methods are used to quantify tornado vulnerability and a geographical information system is used for visualization. Using multiple assessment methods facilitates different ways of viewing tornado vulnerability. Even though the three tornado vulnerability maps produced in this study are spatially diverse, some counties were repeatedly identified as highly vulnerable. The most highly vulnerable counties were located within the northern and northeastern portions of the state, specifically in the northeastern corner within the Shreveport, Louisiana, county warning area.
Intraventricular Hemorrhage and Developmental Outcomes at 24 Months of Age in Extremely Preterm Infants
Authors: O’Shea T. Michael , Allred Elizabeth N. , Kuban Karl C. K. , Hirtz Deborah , Specter Barbara , Durfee Sara , Paneth Nigel , Leviton Alan 
Published: January 2012

Whether intraventricular hemorrhage increases the risk of adverse developmental outcome among premature infants is controversial. Using brain ultrasound, we identified intraventricular hemorrhage and white matter abnormalities among 1064 infants born before 28 weeks’ gestation. We identified adverse developmental outcomes at 24 months of age using a standardized neurologic examination and the Bayley Scales of Infant Development Mental and Motor Scales. In logistic regression models that adjusted for gestational age, sex, and public insurance, isolated intraventricular hemorrhage was associated with visual fixation difficulty but no other adverse outcome. Infants who had a white matter lesion unaccompanied by intraventricular hemorrhage were at increased risk of cerebral palsy, low Mental and Motor Scores, and visual and hearing impairments. Except when accompanied or followed by a white matter lesion, intraventricular hemorrhage is associated with no more than a modest increase (and possibly no increase) in the risk of adverse developmental outcome during infancy.
A Belle Epoque Media Storm: Gender, Celebrity, and the Marcelle Tinayre Affair
Authors: Mesch Rachel 
Published: January 2012

This article examines the controversy surrounding novelist Marcelle Tinayre’s nomination to the French Legion of Honor in January 1908 as an important window onto the active interrogation of public female roles in the belle epoque press. When she learned of her nomination, Tinayre, best-selling author of several critically acclaimed novels and darling of the women’s press, offered her reaction to several French dailies. The controversy over her remarks, deemed overly coquettish and insulting to French patrimony, led to nearly one hundred articles and the ultimate suppression of Tinayre’s nomination. By examining Tinayre’s ill-fated efforts to reconcile a conventionally feminine image with the traditionally masculine public sphere, this article brings to light new challenges that accompanied belle epoque women’s increased professional success and visibility. The Tinayre affair also exposes sharp differences between ideas about women’s public roles promoted by women’s magazines and those endorsed by publications meant for a more general audience.
Cet article examine la controverse qui a entouré, en janvier 1908, la promotion de la romancière Marcelle Tinayre au rang de chevalier de la Légion d’honneur. Apprenant sa nomination, Tinayre, auteur de plusieurs romans salués par la critique et elle-même enfant chérie de la presse féminine, fait part immédiatement de ses impressions à plusieurs quotidiens français. A la suite de ces remarques, considérées comme faussement modestes et insultantes pour le patrimoine français, plus d’une centaine d’articles paraissent dans la presse et la promotion de Tinayre est finalement annulée. En analysant la tentative maladroite de Tinayre pour concilier sa féminité de convention et un espace public traditionnellement masculin, cet article met en lumière les nouveaux défis auxquels, en raison de ses récents succès professionnels et de sa nouvelle visibilité, la femme de la Belle Epoque doit faire face.