bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Dual‐Chamber Model of the Female Genital Tract to Evaluate Epithelial Toxicity of Candidate Anti‐HIV Microbicides
Authors: Ariën Kevin K. , Vanham Guido , Gali Youssef 
Published: September 2011

AbstractHeterosexual transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is the predominant mode of infection worldwide. The early steps of transepithelial infection are crucial, but how exactly infection is established in the female genital tract (FGT) is still under debate. Using epithelial cells originating from the FGT and primary cells as subepithelial HIV target cells, an in vitro dual‐chamber model of the FGT was developed. Here we describe how this in vitro model can be used to assess the cellular toxicity and anti‐HIV activity of antiretrovirals and formulations thereof that are intended to be used as microbicides. Curr. Protoc. Cell Biol. 52:26.13.1‐26.13.17. © 2011 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Physical punishment and childhood aggression: the role of gender and gene–environment interplay
Authors: Boutwell Brian B. , Franklin Cortney A. , Barnes J.C. , Beaver Kevin M. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractA large body of research has linked spanking with a range of adverse outcomes in children, including aggression, psychopathology, and criminal involvement. Despite evidence concerning the association of spanking with antisocial behavior, not all children who are spanked develop antisocial traits. Given the heterogeneous effects of spanking on behavior, it is possible that a third variable may condition the influence of corporal punishment on child development. We test this possibility using data drawn from a nationally representative dataset of twin siblings. Our findings suggest that genetic risk factors condition the effects of spanking on antisocial behavior. Moreover, our results provide evidence that the interaction between genetic risk factors and corporal punishment may be particularly salient for males. Aggr Behav 37:559–568, 2011. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Hematopoietic recovery kinetics predicts for poor CD34+ cell mobilization after cyclophosphamide chemotherapy in multiple myeloma
Authors: Ozsan Guner Hayri , Micallef Ivana N. , Dispenzieri Angela , Kumar Shaji , Lacy Martha Q. , Dingli David , Hayman Suzanne R. , Buadi Francis K. , Wolf Robert C. , Gastineau Dennis A. , Hogan William J. , Gertz Morie A. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractAutologous stem cell transplantation is an important part of therapy in patients with multiple myeloma. Some patients fail to collect the desired number of stem cells while others require multiple apheresis to reach the desired apheresis target. The aim of this study was to determine the predictive factors and if the hematopoietic kinetics of recovery were predictive for outcome of stem cell mobilization in cyclophosphamide + growth factor (CY‐GF) mobilized patients. Three hundred and ninety six consecutive CY‐GF mobilization attempts between January 2000 and December 2009 at Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN were analyzed. Patients were divided into three groups: optimal (>5 × 106 CD34/kg), suboptimal (2–5 × 106 CD34/kg) and poor (<2 × 106/kg CD34+ cells) mobilization groups. About 86% of patients had optimal stem cell collection, whereas 8% had suboptimal collection and 6% had poor (or failed) collections. Age, Hb, WBC, and platelet levels had an impact on mobilization results. Time to peripheral blood (PB) CD34+cells >10/μL predicted for efficiency of collection and the interval between recovery of WBC>1 post‐CY to PB CD34+ cells>10 was shorter in the optimal collection groups. These findings suggest that for patients with a PB CD34+ cell count below 10/μL on Day 13 following CY or 1 day after the WBC>1 × 109/L, addition of plerixafor may be helpful to salvage the mobilization attempt. Am. J. Hematol., 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Influence of climatic variables, forest type, and condition on activity patterns of geoffroyi's spider monkeys throughout Mesoamerica
Authors: González‐Zamora Arturo , Arroyo‐Rodríguez Víctor , Chaves Oscar M. , Sánchez‐López Sónia , Aureli Filippo , Stoner Kathryn E. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractUnderstanding how species cope with variations in climatic conditions, forest types and habitat amount is a fundamental challenge for ecologists and conservation biologists. We used data from 18 communities of Mesoamerican spider monkeys (Ateles geoffroyi) throughout their range to determine whether their activity patterns are affected by climatic variables (temperature and rainfall), forest types (seasonal and nonseasonal forests), and forest condition (continuous and fragmented). Data were derived from 15 published and unpublished studies carried out in four countries (Mexico, El Salvador, Costa Rica, and Panama), cumulatively representing more than 18 years (221 months, >3,645 hr) of behavioral observations. Overall, A. geoffroyi spent most of their time feeding (38.4 ± 14.0%, mean ± SD) and resting (36.6 ± 12.8%) and less time traveling (19.8 ± 11.3%). Resting and feeding were mainly affected by rainfall: resting time increased with decreasing rainfall, whereas feeding time increased with rainfall. Traveling time was negatively related to both rainfall and maximum temperature. In addition, both resting and traveling time were higher in seasonal forests (tropical dry forest and tropical moist forest) than in nonseasonal forests (tropical wet forest), but feeding time followed the opposite pattern. Furthermore, spider monkeys spent more time feeding and less time resting (i.e., higher feeding effort) in forest fragments than in continuous forest. These findings suggest that global climate changes and habitat deforestation and fragmentation in Mesoamerica will threaten the survival of spider monkeys and reduce the distributional range of the species in the coming decades. Am. J. Primatol. 73:1189–1198, 2011. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The response of the frugivorous lion‐tailed macaque (Macaca silenus) to a period of fruit scarcity
Authors: Krishnadas Meghna , Chandrasekhara K. , Kumar Ajith 
Published: September 2011

AbstractTropical rainforests show seasonal fluctuations in the abundance of fruits resulting in periods of resource scarcity for frugivores. We examined the response of an obligate frugivore, the lion‐tailed macaque (LTM) (Macaca silenus), to a period of fruit scarcity in a rainforest in the Western Ghats, India. We estimated the abundance and distribution of fruit resources from food tree densities obtained from 348 point centered quadrats, and fruit availability from phenological monitoring of 195 trees of 15 reported major food species. Macronutrient content was estimated for fruits of 15 major food species. We estimated time spent feeding on different food items from 1,853 individual scans spanning 120 hr of observation of one habituated study group. There was a distinct period of fruit scarcity during the drier months of February to mid‐March (Period 1) compared with late March and April (Period 2), separated by summer showers. Fruits available in Period 1 had lower soluble carbohydrate and lipid content and overall caloric value compared with Period 2. During the lean period, the LTM fed more on fruits of Drypetes wightii, which had the highest carbohydrate content, than on nectar of Palaquium ellipticum or Ficus spp., which had low carbohydrate content. During this period, the resource availability in a location significantly influenced the occurrence of feeding there. In Period 2, the group fed most on the seeds of Cullenia exarillata, the most abundant tree in the home‐range and with the highest content of soluble carbohydrates. During this period, the abundance of food trees in fruit in a location did not seem to influence the occurrence of feeding. Low abundance, stochastic fruiting and, low quality might make Ficus spp. a poor fallback option for the LTM. Am. J. Primatol. 73:1250–1260, 2011. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Synthesis of novel triazine charring agent and its effect in intumescent flame‐retardant polypropylene
Authors: Feng Caimin , Zhang Yi , Liu Siwei , Chi Zhenguo , Xu Jiarui 
Published: September 2011

AbstractA novel charring agent (CNCA‐DA) containing triazine and benzene ring, using cyanuric chloride, aniline, and ethylenediamine as raw materials, was synthesized and characterized. The effects of CNCA‐DA on flame retardancy, thermal degradation, and flammability properties of polypropylene (PP) were investigated by limited oxygen index (LOI), vertical burning test (UL‐94), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and cone calorimeter test (CCT). The TGA results showed that CNCA‐DA had a good char forming ability, and a high initial temperature of thermal degradation; the char residue of CNCA‐DA reached 18.5% at 800°C; Ammonium polyphosphate (APP) could improve the char residue of APP/CNCA‐DA system, the char residue reached 31.6% at 800°C. The results from LOI and UL‐94 showed that the intumescent flame retardant (IFR) containing CNCA‐DA and APP was very effective in flame retardancy of PP. When the mass ratio of APP and CNCA‐DA was 2 : 1, and the IFR loading was 30%, the IFR showed the best effect; the LOI value reached 35.6%. It was also found that when the IFR loading was only 20%, the flame retardancy of PP/IFR can still pass V‐0 rating in UL‐94 tests, and its LOI value reached 27.1%. The CCT results demonstrated that IFR could clearly change the decomposition behavior of PP and form a char layer on the surface of the composites, consequently resulting in efficient reduction of the flammability parameters, such as heat release rate (HRR), total heat release (THR), smoke production rate (SPR), total smoke production (TSP), and mass loss (ML). © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012
Symptomatic effects of chondroitin 4 and chondroitin 6 sulfate on hand osteoarthritis: A randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled clinical trial at a single center
Authors: Gabay Cem , Medinger‐Sadowski Carole , Gascon Danielle , Kolo Frank , Finckh Axel 
Published: September 2011

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the symptomatic effects of highly purified chondroitin 4 and chondroitin 6 sulfate (CS) therapy in patients with osteoarthritis (OA) of the hand.MethodsThis investigator‐initiated, single‐center, randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled clinical trial included 162 symptomatic patients with radiographic evidence of hand OA (American College of Rheumatology criteria). Inclusion criteria included patient's assessment of global spontaneous hand pain of at least 40 mm on a 0–100‐mm visual analog scale (VAS) and functional impairment of at least 6 (0–30 scale) on the Functional Index for Hand OA (FIHOA) in the most symptomatic hand. Patients received either 800 mg of CS (n = 80 patients) or placebo (n = 82 patients) once daily for 6 months and were analyzed in an intent‐to‐treat approach. The two primary outcomes were the change in the patient's assessment of global spontaneous hand pain and in hand function (by FIHOA score) from baseline to month 6. Secondary outcomes were improvement in grip strength, duration of morning stiffness, acetaminophen consumption, and the investigator's global impression of treatment efficacy.ResultsThere was a significantly more pronounced decrease in the patient's global assessment of hand pain in the CS group than in the placebo group (difference VAS scores −8.7 mm; P = 0.016). Hand function improved significantly more in the CS group than in the placebo group (difference in FIHOA scores −2.14; P = 0.008). There was a statistically significant between‐group difference in favor of CS for the duration of morning stiffness and for the investigator's global impression of treatment efficacy. Changes in grip strength, acetaminophen consumption, and safety end points were not significantly different between the two groups.ConclusionThis study demonstrates that CS improves hand pain and function in patients with symptomatic OA of the hand and shows a good safety profile.
Combined effects of 60 Hz electromagnetic field exposure with various stress factors on cellular transformation in NIH3T3 cells
Authors: Lee Hae‐June , Jin Yeung Bae , Lee Jae Seon , Choi Jong‐Il , Lee Ju‐Woon , Myung Sung Ho , Lee Yun‐Sil 
Published: September 2011

AbstractEpidemiological studies have suggested that extremely low‐frequency magnetic fields (ELF‐MF) are associated with an increased incidence of cancer. Studies using in vitro systems have reported mixed results for the effects of ELF‐MF alone, and the World Health Organization (WHO) Research Agenda published in 2007 suggested that high priority research should include an evaluation of the co‐carcinogenic effects of ELF‐MF exposure using in vitro models. Here, the carcinogenic potential of ELF‐MF exposure alone and in combination with various stress factors was investigated in NIH3T3 mouse fibroblasts using an in vitro cellular transformation assay. NIH3T3 cells were exposed to a 60 Hz ELF‐MF (1 mT) alone or in combination with ionizing radiation (IR), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), or c‐Myc overexpression, and the resulting number of anchorage‐independent colonies was counted. A 4 h exposure of NIH3T3 cells to ELF‐MF alone produced no cell transformation. Moreover, ELF exposure did not influence the transformation activity of IR, H2O2, or activated c‐Myc in our in vitro assay system, suggesting that 1 mT ELF‐MF did not affect any additive or synergistic transformation activities in combination with stress factors such as IR, H2O2, or activated c‐Myc in NIH3T3 cells. Bioelectromagnetics 33:207–214, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
High‐performance liquid chromatographic analysis of lacosamide in canine serum using ultraviolet detection: application to pre‐clinical pharmacokinetics in dogs
Authors: Martinez Stephanie E. , Bowen Kurt A. , Remsberg Connie M. , Takemoto Jody K. , Wright Heather M. , Chen‐Allen Annie V. , Davies Neal M. 
Published: September 2011

ABSTRACTA method for analysis of lacosamide [(R)‐2‐acetamido‐N‐benzyl‐3‐methoxypropionamide] is needed for both human and veterinary pharmacokinetic investigations. While lacosamide is currently used to manage partial‐onset seizures in humans suffering from epilepsy, it is also presently being investigated for use in the treatment of canine epilepsy in veterinary medicine. Currently, no dosing regimen for the drug exists in dogs. A novel and simple high‐performance liquid chromatography method was developed for determination of lacosamide in dog serum. Serum proteins (0.1 mL) were precipitated with −20.0°C acetonitrile after addition of the internal standard, daidzein. Separation was achieved with a Phenomenex® Luna® C18(2) (5 µm, 250 × 4.60 mm) column with ultraviolet detection at 210 nm. The calibration curves were linear ranging from 0.5 to 25 µg/mL. Precision of the assay was <13% (RSD) and was within 12% for all points in the calibration curve. The limit of quantitation for this method was 0.5 µg/mL. The assay was applied successfully to a pre‐clinical study of lacosamide pharmacokinetics in dogs. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Arginine–aromatic interactions and their effects on arginine‐induced solubilization of aromatic solutes and suppression of protein aggregation
Authors: Shah Dhawal , Li Jianguo , Shaikh Abdul Rajjak , Rajagopalan Raj 
Published: September 2011

AbstractWe examine the interaction of aromatic residues of proteins with arginine, an additive commonly used to suppress protein aggregation, using experiments and molecular dynamics simulations. An aromatic‐rich peptide, FFYTP (a segment of insulin), and lysozyme and insulin are used as model systems. Mass spectrometry shows that arginine increases the solubility of FFYTP by binding to the peptide, with the simulations revealing the predominant association of arginine to be with the aromatic residues. The calculations further show a positive preferential interaction coefficient, ΓXP, contrary to conventional thinking that positive ΓXP's indicate aggregation rather than suppression of aggregation. Simulations with lysozyme and insulin also show arginine's preference for aromatic residues, in addition to acidic residues. We use these observations and earlier results reported by us and others to discuss the possible implications of arginine's interactions with aromatic residues on the solubilization of aromatic moieties and proteins. Our results also highlight the fact that explanations based purely on ΓXP, which measures average affinity of an additive to a protein, could obscure or misinterpret the underlying molecular mechanisms behind additive‐induced suppression of protein aggregation. © 2011 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Biotechnol. Prog., 2012
Adsorption of Pb2+ and Cd2+ onto a Novel Activated Carbon‐Chitosan Complex
Authors: Ge H. , Fan X. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractA novel activated carbon‐chitosan complex adsorbent (ACCA) was prepared via the crosslinking of glutaraldehyde and activated carbon‐(NH2‐protected) chitosan complex under microwave irradiation. The surface morphology of this adsorbent was characterized. The adsorption of ACCA for Pb2+ and Cd2+ was investigated. The results demonstrate that ACCA has higher adsorption capacity than chitosan. The adsorption follows pseudo first‐order kinetics. The isotherm adsorption equilibria are better described by Freundlich and Dubinin‐Radushkevich isotherms than by the Langmuir isotherm. The adsorbent can be recycled. These results have important implications for the design of low‐cost and effective adsorbents in the removal of heavy metal ions from wastewaters.
Microwave‐Assisted Synthesis of Polysubstituted Benzimidazoles by Heterogeneous Pd‐Catalyzed Oxidative C–H Activation of Tertiary Amines
Authors: De Luca Lidia , Porcheddu Andrea 
Published: September 2011

AbstractTertiary amines can be used in place of aldehydes and carboxylic derivatives as partners in the synthesis of benzimidazoles. Dehydrogenative amine activation under heterogeneous catalysis was developed for the direct transformation of tertiary amines into benzimidazoles. Good yields and efficient recovery and recycling of the catalyst are some of the advantages of this new methodology, which shows that a simple alkene is used as the overall oxidative agent. Enhanced reaction rates were observed by using focused microwave heating.
Brain structural trajectories over the adult lifespan
Authors: Ziegler Gabriel , Dahnke Robert , Jäncke Lutz , Yotter Rachel Aine , May Arne , Gaser Christian 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThe aim of this large‐sample cross‐sectional voxel‐based morphometry (VBM) study of anatomical brain data was to investigate linear and nonlinear age‐related trajectories of grey matter volume in the human brain during the adult lifespan. To date, there are only a few structural brain studies investigating local nonlinear aspects at the voxel level, i.e., without using anatomical ROIs as a priori hypothesis. Therefore, we analyzed 547 T1‐weighted MR images of healthy adult brains with an age range of 19 to 86 years, including 161 scans of subjects with ages 60 and older. We found that the gray matter volume in some regions did not linearly decrease over time, but rather exhibited a delayed decline. Nonlinear age trajectories were observed in the medial temporal lobe regions, the basal ganglia, and parts of the cerebellum. Their trajectories indicated a preservation of grey matter volume during the early adult lifespan. Interestingly, we found nonlinear grey matter structural dynamics specifically in parts of the brain that have been extensively discussed in the context of learning and memory. We propose a hypothesis in relation to the functional role of these brain regions that may explain these results. Hum Brain Mapp 33:2377–2389, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Assessment of cortical degeneration in patients with Parkinson's disease by voxel‐based morphometry, cortical folding, and cortical thickness
Authors: Pereira Joana Braga , Ibarretxe‐Bilbao Naroa , Marti Maria‐Jose , Compta Yaroslau , Junqué Carme , Bargallo Nuria , Tolosa Eduardo 
Published: September 2011

AbstractNoninvasive brain imaging methods provide useful information on cerebral involution and degenerative processes. Here we assessed cortical degeneration in 20 nondemented patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) and 20 healthy controls using three quantitative neuroanatomical approaches: voxel‐based morphometry (VBM), cortical folding (BrainVisa), and cortical thickness (FreeSurfer). We examined the relationship between global and regional gray matter (GM) volumes, sulcal indices, and thickness measures derived from the previous methods as well as their association with cognitive performance, age, severity of motor symptoms, and disease stage. VBM analyses showed GM volume reductions in the left temporal gyrus in patients compared with controls. Cortical folding measures revealed significant decreases in the left frontal and right collateral sulci in patients. Finally, analysis of cortical thickness showed widespread cortical thinning in right lateral occipital, parietal and left temporal, frontal, and premotor regions. We found that, in patients, all global anatomical measures correlated with age, while GM volume and cortical thickness significantly correlated with disease stage. In controls, a significant association was found between global GM volume and cortical folding with age. Overall these results suggest that the three different methods provide complementary and related information on neurodegenerative changes occurring in PD, however, surface‐based measures of cortical folding and especially cortical thickness seem to be more sensitive than VBM to identify regional GM changes associated to PD. Hum Brain Mapp, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Induction of neuronal damage in guinea pig brain by intratracheal infusion of 2‐chloroethyl ethyl sulfide, a mustard gas analog
Authors: Gadsden‐Gray Jessica , Mukherjee Shyamali , Ogunkua Olugbemiga , Das Salil K. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractIntratracheal infusion of 2‐chloroethyl ethyl sulfide (CEES), a mustard gas analog and a chemical warfare agent is known to cause massive damage to lung. The purpose of this study was to determine whether intratracheal CEES infusion causes neuronal damage. Histological, immunohistochemical, and Western blot studies indicated that CEES treatment caused dose‐dependent increases in blood cell aggregation, microglial cell number, microglial activation, and brain inflammation. In addition, an increased expression of α‐synuclein and a decreased expression of the dopamine transporter were observed. The results indicate that intratracheal CEES infusion is associated with changes in brain morphology mediated by an increase in α‐synuclein expression, leading to neurotoxicity in a guinea pig model. These changes may be mediated by oxidative stress. Furthermore, the present study indicates for the first time that intratracheal infusion of a single dose of CEES can cause neuroinflammation, which may lead to neurological disorders in later part of life. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 26:23–30 2012; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/jbt.20409