bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fabrication of porous ZnO thin films using wet chemical etching with 0.5% HNO3
Authors: Chai Im Ang , Lu Tze Jian Leonard , Poh Kok Ooi , Yaakob Suriani , Chin Guan Ching , Sha Shiong Ng , Hassan Zainuriah , Abu Hassan Haslan , Johar Abdullah Mat 
Published: May 2012

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to synthesize porous zinc oxide (ZnO) by means of strain etching/wet chemical etching method with the use of 0.5% of nitric acid (HNO3) etchant. The structural and surface morphological properties of the samples are accessed by using X‐ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) characterization techniques.Design/methodology/approachZnO samples used in this work were deposited on the p‐Si (111) substrates by using radio frequency (RF) sputtering technique. Wet chemical etching processes with the use of 0.5% HNO3 etchant was applied on these samples in order to obtain porous structure. The porous ZnO samples are characterized by means of XRD and SEM to access their structural and surface morphological properties.FindingsThe XRD and SEM cross‐sectional measurements revealed that the thickness of the etched ZnO thin films is proportional to the etching time. SEM micrographs show that the surface morphology of ZnO changes over etching time. On the other hand, XRD results indicate that the crystallite sizes of the ZnO(002) decreases when the etching time increases.Originality/valueThe paper shows how porous ZnO thin films have been successfully synthesized by using simple wet chemical etching. SEM images reveal that this method is reliable when producing porous structure ZnO surfaces.
Effective delays in portfolio disclosure
Authors: Hee Choi Seung , Chhabria Maneesh 
Published: May 2012

PurposeThe timeliness of portfolio holdings information disclosure has been of interest among regulators, academics and practitioners since the Investment Company Act of 1940. The Securities Exchange Commission has been trying to strike a balance between investors' interest in timely disclosure and the potential costs associated with revealing the strategies of investment managers. The purpose of this paper is to investigate whether current rules regarding the delay in disclosure adequately protect investors, and prevent the formation of copycat portfolios that can profit from the research of the original portfolio manager.Design/methodology/approachThe paper examine the effectiveness of different delays (30, 60 or 90 days) in disclosure of holdings for a sample of large‐cap, actively‐managed mutual funds. Copycat portfolios are constructed based on the holdings of the original portfolios, and their returns compared against the returns (net of expenses) of the original portfolios over the corresponding time frames.FindingsThe results indicate that the current delay of 60 days is sufficient to prevent such free‐riding; however, shortening the delay to 30 days would adversely affect mutual fund investors.Originality/valueThe paper aims to provide an answer to those debates on the effective delays in portfolio disclosure among academics and practitioners based on quantitative evidence. It also contributes to leave a guideline for regulators since the patterns of over‐ or under‐performance of the original portfolio returns vis‐à‐vis the copycat portfolio returns over varying delays provide important insights about possible effects of changes in disclosure regulations.
Challenges to professional identities and emotional exhaustion
Authors: Haines Victor Y. , Saba Tania 
Published: May 2012

PurposeThis study seeks to examine the identity‐relevant stress proposition according to which events occurring in highly‐salient identity domains have a greater impact on psychological well‐being than events occurring in less salient identity domains. The aim of the study is to integrate identity theory into occupational stress research by investigating the proposition that the lack of verification of a salient role identity will be associated with higher levels of emotional exhaustion.Design/methodology/approachUsing a questionnaire methodology, data were obtained from full‐time, permanent, human resource professionals from multiple organizations.FindingsAs predicted, the lack of verification that occurs when an employer denies a professional the opportunity to engage in the responsibilities associated with a salient role was associated with more emotional exhaustion. Moreover, in a way consistent with identity theory, both role prestige and affective commitment to the profession moderated this relationship, providing additional support for the identity‐relevant stress proposition.Originality/valueIdentity theory offers a valuable perspective for work stress research, one that appears to be especially applicable to highly professionalized occupations.
Intention to unretire
Authors: Schlosser Francine , Zinni Deborah , Armstrong‐Stassen Marjorie 
Published: May 2012

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to identify antecedents of intentions to unretire among a group of retirees that included both those who had not returned to the workforce since their retirement and those who had previously unretired.Design/methodology/approachA cross‐sectional survey collected data from 460 recent retirees between the ages of 50 and 70.FindingsResults of hierarchical regression indicated that retirees are more likely to remain retired if they feel financially secure and have a positive retirement experience. Conversely, they are more likely to intend to return to the workforce if they experience financial worries, wish to upgrade their skills or miss aspects of their former jobs.Practical implicationsAging boomers who anticipate early retirement have created a dwindling labor pool. Simultaneously, the global pension crisis has impacted on the financial decisions of retirees. A trend to abolish mandatory retirement and/or increase mandatory age in various countries provides individuals with more freedom in their retirement decisions. Accordingly, managers must be creative in their HR planning strategies to retain or recruit skilled retirees.Originality/valuePrevious research has addressed retirement as a final stage, however, given simultaneous global demographic changes and economic concerns, this study provides new knowledge regarding the factors that push and pull retirees to participate in the labor market.
Psychologically informed environments and the “Enabling Environments” initiative
Authors: Haigh Rex , Harrison Tom , Johnson Robin , Paget Sarah , Williams Susan 
Published: May 2012

PurposeThis paper aims to describe the origins of the concept of a psychologically informed environment (PIE), as now adopted and applied in homelessness resettlement, placing this in the context of work recently carried out under the aegis of the Royal College of Psychiatrists' Centre for Quality Improvement to recognise and promote “enabling environments” in all areas of social practice.Design/methodology/approachThis paper gives an historical account of the contemporary development of new thinking and practical applications for enhancing community mental health and well‐being.FindingsThe concept of an enabling environment (EE) arose out of efforts to up‐date for the twenty‐first century the post‐war concept of a therapeutic community, for all services working with the same basic core values and psycho‐social awareness. The EE approach now applies this framework more flexibly, yet with a clear operational focus in each sector, to a wider range of organisational contexts, social practice and agencies outside the therapy and care services world. From the outset, homelessness resettlement and social housing practice was seen as a key part of the overall ambition.Practical implicationsUnderstanding the values base behind social‐psychological approaches in social practice environments helps to translate these ideas into service‐led improvements in actual frontline services practice. In particular, the enabling environments approach offers a handy tool for self‐assessment and service improvement, which is fully compatible with the PIE's philosophy.Originality/valueThe concept of a PIE is currently acquiring momentum within homelessness resettlement work in the UK. In helping to establish the underlying values framework for psychologically‐informed services; and also provide tools for such services to use, this paper makes a contribution to help inform developing practice.
Risk management practices of conventional and Islamic banks in Bahrain
Authors: Abu Hussain Hameeda , Al‐Ajmi Jasim 
Published: May 2012

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to report empirical evidence regarding the risk management practices of banks operating in Bahrain.Design/methodology/approachA sample of bankers was surveyed through a questionnaire and the results used to examine if the risk management practices are significantly associated with the type of bank (conventional or Islamic) and if those practices are positively affected by understanding risk, risk management, risk identification, risk assessment analysis, risk monitoring and credit risk analysis. Several statistical and econometric methods were used to the test the hypotheses.FindingsBanks in Bahrain are found to have a clear understanding of risk and risk management, and have efficient risk identification, risk assessment analysis, risk monitoring, credit risk analysis and risk management practices. In addition, credit, liquidity and operational risk are found to be the most important risks facing both conventional and Islamic banks. Furthermore, the risk management practices are determined by the extent to which managers understand risk and risk management, efficient risk identification, risk assessment analysis, risk monitoring and credit risk analysis. Islamic banks are found to be significantly different from their conventional counterparts in understanding risk and risk management. The levels of risks faced by Islamic banks are found to be significantly higher than those faced by conventional banks. Similarly, country, liquidity, and operational, residual, and settlement risks are found to be higher in Islamic banks than in conventional banks.Research limitations/implicationsThe results may have been influenced by the current economic global crisis. Although the response rate is very high, there is no evidence of non‐response bias, and there is high internal consistency within the responses. The reliance on survey methodology introduces the possibility that respondents expressed their beliefs and did not necessarily describe their actions.Practical implicationsBankers, depositors, investors and regulators are likely to benefit from the results of the study when taking decisions related to the banking industry.Originality/valueThis is the first published attempt to investigate empirically the risk management practices of banks operating in Bahrain and to compare the practices of conventional and Islamic banks.
The life security system for Chinese families in compliance with the family planning policy
Authors: Wang Guojun , Su Xing 
Published: May 2012

PurposeDuring the early 1970s, faced with the serious demographic situation, China began to fully implement the policy of family planning in urban and rural regions. Nowadays, the problems of pension and medical care for aged parents confronted by the first generation of the one‐child family have begun to gradually appear. Meanwhile, China's population and the family planning are also faced with some problems that are difficult to solve, including unbalanced fertility rate of urban and rural population, the gender imbalance, the difficulty of the risk diversification in a one‐child family, as well as the profound contradiction between the stability of the family planning policy and the drive of administrative measures. Therefore, it is necessary to establish the integrated‐scheduled life security system of the one‐child family in urban and rural areas, in order to overcome the problems and to promote the transformation of the family planning policy. The purpose of this paper is to discuss the life security system for China's one‐child families.Design/methodology/approachThe life security system for the one‐child family proposed by this paper consists of three issues: the basic security based on the level of social security, the additional security of the policy insurance and the supplementary security of the commercial insurance. The paper begins with the history of the family planning policy in the first section and then go through some relevant articles regarding complementary measures such as maternity insurance, rural endowment insurance that only focused on one aspect of issues associated with the family planning. In section three, four typical problems are listed for the purpose of following discussion of corresponding solutions which are full of deficiency in section four. In part five, the integrated planning of the life security system for Chinese one‐child family is elaborated with risk and fund management. In the last part, we conclude that the family planning policy maintains stable, whereas measures to be taken are adjusted along with changeable new problems.FindingsThe policy insurance plays an increasingly important role in dealing with the life security of older people in one‐child families. It may be better to promote the kind of insurance.Originality/valueThe paper comprehensively discusses the life security system for Chinese families in compliance with the family planning policy.
Corporate social responsibility: a psychosocial multidimensional construct
Authors: D'Aprile Gianvito , Mannarini Terri 
Published: May 2012

PurposeCorporate social responsibility (CSR) is conceptualized as the construct describing the relationship between companies and society. Although scholars reached an agreement about the linkages between CSR in small and medium‐sized enterprises (SMEs) and psychosocial issues – social identity, organizational culture and commitment – it is still a problematic issue how CSR should be defined and how companies could behave as socially responsible. The authors hypothesize that psychosocial processes impact the activation of CSR. Within a psychological perspective, the purpose of this paper is to explore CSR definitions and CSR psychosocial dimensions.Design/methodology/approachAccording to an emic perspective oriented at in‐depth comprehension of phenomena, the authors adopted the grounded theory methodology to collect, analyze and discuss the data. In total, 14 entrepreneurs and 12 employees of Italian‐Apulian SMEs were interviewed on three thematic areas: organizational culture; sense of community; and CSR. Interviews were transcribed and analyzed through qualitative content analysis.FindingsResults showed that: CSR definitions were continuously mediated by participants' organizational culture; and perspective taking, care taking and sustainable practices emerged as the salient CSR psychosocial components, correspondent to its cognitive, affective and behavioral dimensions.Practical implicationsThe paper argues that CSR psychosocial components could be the strategic variables to develop and to manage CSR in organizations.Originality/valueCSR is re‐conceptualized as a psychosocial multidimensional construct, explaining its dynamic activation in organizations. The authors suggest that the cognitive and affective dimensions are antecedent to the behavioral dimension. Thus, the authors are developing a CSR psychosocial scale to study the linkages among these dimensions and other variables through quantitative analysis method.
Redefining the roles and duties of management
Authors: Zsolnai Laszlo , Junghagen Sven , Tencati Antonio 
Published: May 2012

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to analyse the crisis of the business profession and the role that management education can play in renewing business management. It is argued that unless future managers demonstrate that they serve the common good in their daily practice, the legitimacy and moral standing of the business profession remain questionable.Design/methodology/approachThe paper presents the Masters in International Management Program of CEMS – Global Alliance in Management Education as a pioneering example of developing reflective and responsible managers.FindingsThe future manager is defined as a reflexive practitioner who is committed to environmental sustainability, exercises social responsibility, works with sensitivity toward gender and diversity issues, harmonizes information and communications technologies with processes and organizational culture, applies holistic perspective in problem solving, cooperates with social and political actors, and is engaged in progressive entrepreneurship.Originality/valueThe paper shows that responsibility can be successfully integrated into a global management education curriculum.
Exploring responsibility
Authors: Robinson Simon J. , Smith Jonathan 
Published: May 2012

PurposeThe purpose of this final paper in the special issue is to extend the critical conversation that has run through this journal about the meaning and practice of responsibility. It will draw together material from the other papers, summarise what is meant by responsibility and offer suggestions for further research.Design/methodology/approachThe paper takes the form of a critical analysis of the concept of responsibility in relation to practice.FindingsThe paper argues for the importance of a holistic view of responsibility focused in individual and organisational practice of the virtues.Practical implicationsThe paper argues for increased dialogue between key stakeholders about the practice and development of responsibility, and for developments in pedagogy that will connect all aspects of ideas, values and practice.Social implicationsThere is typically a low level of appreciation of what responsibility means. This paper raises this awareness and identifies what responsibility looks like. It emphasises the importance of engraining a responsibility culture in the organisation, and continued dialogue between within, and beyond institutions.Originality/valueThe paper provides a virtue‐based approach that is based in critical dialogue, extending responsibility beyond conventional CSR thinking and providing the basis of what is a form of universal responsibility. This leads to a unique view of responsibility in culture and the curriculum.
Implementing a patient centred recovery approach in a secure learning disabilities service
Authors: Esan Fola , Case Katie , Louis Jacques , Kirby Jemma , Cheshire Lucinda , Keefe Jannette , Petty Maggie 
Published: May 2012

PurposeThis paper aims to describe how a patient centred recovery approach was implemented in a secure learning disabilities service.Design/methodology/approachThere are no specific tools for measuring recovery in a secure learning disabilities service. The Recovery Star; a measure of individual recovery was adopted for use among the patients. Staff underwent training on the use of the Recovery Star tool after which a multidisciplinary steering group made some modifications to the tool. Training was cascaded to staff throughout the service and use of the Recovery Star tool was embedded in the care programme approach process.FindingsIt was found that implementing a recovery approach with the Recovery Star tool was a beneficial process for the service but that services will require a whole systems approach to implementing recovery. Key workers working with patients thought that the structure of the Recovery Star tool opened up avenues for discussing topics covered in the domains of the Recovery Star tool which may otherwise have not been discussed as fully.Practical implicationsThe availability of a tool, integrated into existing service processes, e.g. care programme approach and accompanied by a systems approach, equips patients and staff for articulating and measuring the recovery journey.Originality/valueThe paper shows that the Recovery Star tool, embedded in a care programme approach process, equips patients and staff for measuring the recovery journey.
Working with Toshiba, Lewin and Dewey: a journey into the heart of change
Authors: Eastman Christine A. 
Published: May 2012

PurposeMany have suggested that over the last 25 years or so the debate over organisational change has been dominated by the issue of power and politics in the form of an approach consistent with a free‐market spirit. For too long, power and politics have influenced strategic decisions and “top down” management has been the dominant paradigm. However, the author's work with Toshiba has led to the conclusion that the principles of social responsibility and ethical change, as championed by Kurt Lewin and John Dewey, are emerging as a more amenable and desirable approach to change and appear to be embraced by many in the workforce. Many US observers have argued that such events as the bankruptcy of Enron and the indictment of senior executives from this company and others, as well as the recent events in the UK concerning a perceived lack of financial probity in the banking and political milieux, have shown that a disregard for ethics in decision making can have deleterious consequences for business and society. The purpose of this paper is to illustrate the increasing sensitivity to issues of social responsibility, ethical behaviour and democratic ideas and ideals.Design/methodology/approachA case study is presented using Diploma students from Toshibatec in partnership with Middlesex University to illustrate this increasing sensitivity.FindingsThe author contends that Lewin's and Dewey's beliefs are indeed still alive and relevant and that these students are embracing such ideas in their push for organisational change at Toshiba.Originality/valueThe originality of the case study is that, to the best of the author's knowledge, no research has been undertaken either by this company or on this company before. The paper's findings will be interesting for the company and perhaps for working practice to be disseminated to other companies looking to make deep and lasting changes.
Policy watch
Authors: Lawton‐Smith Simon 
Published: May 2012

PurposeThis paper aims to review the last ten years of developments in mental health policy across the UK and to suggest how the mental health world may look in ten years' time.Design/methodology/approachThe paper summarises and comments on policy documents and initiatives since 2000.FindingsThe paper suggests how changes to policy might impact on mental health services.Originality/valueThe paper updates knowledge of recent and forthcoming mental health policy.
The making of a film about recovery
Authors: Carson Jerome , McNary Michelle , Wolfson Paul , Holloway Frank 
Published: May 2012

PurposeThe aim of this paper is to describe how the authors made a film about recovery.Design/methodology/approachA number of service users were auditioned for the Recovery Film and four chosen to participate. The film was directed and edited by the second author who has lived experience of mental health problems.FindingsFive main themes are covered in the film: the experience of being mentally ill; causes of peoples' mental illness; personal definitions of recovery; what helps people; and the process of recovery for each of the four participants.Originality/valueThe Recovery Film was short‐listed for a Mind Media Award, has been shown at a number of national conferences and is available on the internet.