bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Recovery and intellectual disabilities: a review
Authors: Handley Emily , Southwell Olivia , Steel Julie 
Published: June 2012

PurposeGiven the increased prevalence of mental health problems amongst people with intellectual disabilities, it seems pertinent to consider how the recovery approach could potentially benefit practice within mental health services for people with intellectual disabilities. This paper seeks to explore the similarities between recovery principles and existing approaches in services for people with intellectual disabilities; it also aims to reflect on the potential barriers to the explicit uptake of the “recovery” approach in this context.Design/methodology/approachThe presence and implementation of “recovery” approaches within mental health services for people with intellectual disabilities are reviewed. This is achieved through an examination of existing practices that could be described as recovery oriented, along with reflections on how these relate to the recovery approach. Questions are raised regarding whether practices can be regarded as “recovery oriented”, without first consulting service users.FindingsFurther consideration is needed about the extent to which mental health services for people with intellectual disabilities are recovery oriented and how recovery would be defined amongst people with intellectual disabilities.Research limitations/implicationsIt is suggested that further research using qualitative methodology is conducted, to enable the voice of service users to be heard.Originality/valueThe paper is one of the first to explore the relevance of the recovery approach to people with intellectual disabilities. Given the increasing emphasis on recovery approaches within mainstream services, it seems vital to give consideration to the potential for its meaningful application to people with intellectual disabilities and mental health problems.
Challenging behaviour and associated risk factors: an overview (part I)
Authors: Koritsas Stella , Iacono Teresa 
Published: June 2012

PurposeThis article is the first in a two‐part series exploring challenging behaviour, its prevalence, risk factors and causes. The aim of this article is to provide an overview of prevalence studies and explore the various risk factors that have been associated with challenging behaviour. The authors also seek to explore methodological differences across studies that may contribute to the prevalence variations reported in the literature.Design/methodology/approachThe article summarises the findings from frequently cited prevalence studies as well as more recent studies.FindingsThe prevalence of challenging behaviour reported in the literature has varied due to methodological differences across studies. Despite this, the best estimate is believed to be from 15 to 17.5 per cent. A range of factors have been associated with challenging behaviour and include gender, age, severity of disability and residential setting.Originality/valueThis article appears to represent the most current overview of research in this area.
The effects of survey design and circulation pattern on the perceived abundance of herring larvae: a case study for Norwegian spring spawning herring (Clupea harengus)
Authors: STENEVIK ERLING K. , NASH RICHARD D.M. , VIKEBØ FRODE , FOSSUM PETTER , BAKKEPLASS KJELL 
Published: July 2012

AbstractA larval survey is used in the annual assessment as an index of the spawning stock size of Norwegian spring spawning herring (Clupea harengus). To test how inter‐annual fluctuations in circulation pattern, survey design and execution of the survey affected the larval abundance estimate we conducted simulated surveys using a model framework with idealized assumptions to model larval drift and sampled larvae using several realistic survey scenarios. The results suggest that inter‐annual variations in circulation pattern alone can have a profound effect on the perception of larvae abundance and that the direction of the survey (north to south versus south to north) can have a significant effect on the estimated abundance, particularly if hatching occurs over a short period of time. Additionally, disruptions to a continuous survey schedule also have an effect and, as such, sampling strategies in case of disruption to the survey are proposed.
A qualitative exploration of stakeholder perspectives on a school‐based multi‐component health promotion nutrition programme
Authors: Middleton G. , Keegan R. , Henderson H. 
Published: July 2012

How to cite this article
Middleton G., Keegan R. & Henderson H. (2012) A qualitative exploration of stakeholder perspectives on a school‐based multi‐component health promotion nutrition programme. J Hum Nutr Diet.AbstractBackground:  Food for Fitness is an on‐going multi‐component health promotion programme, delivered in primary and secondary schools by community nutrition assistants. The programme uses nutritional interventions aimed at promoting healthier eating practices for children. This service evaluation investigated the receipt and delivery of the programme, as perceived by local stakeholders who had experienced and administered the service.Methods:  Semi‐structured interviews and focus groups were carried out with three key stakeholder groups: health professionals (n = 9), school teachers (n = 10) and senior health officials (n = 3). Qualitative data were transcribed verbatim and received thematic analysis with deductive and inductive processes.Results:  Stakeholders reported that the programme contributed to the development of food education and healthy‐eating practices of children in the local area. Stakeholders considered that the main concern was the limited capacity and size of the service. They described problems with long‐term sustainability in supporting schools with maintaining nutritional interventions, highlighting issues regarding contact, planning and organisation of several interventions.Conclusions:  The findings of the service evaluation inform service management, organisation and ground‐level delivery. The use of stakeholder opinion provided contextualised information on the factors that impact on the implementation of the programme. The richness of the qualitative results can guide future planning and provision for similar health promotion nutrition programmes delivered in the school environment.
Progressive dopamine and hypocretin deficiencies in Parkinson’s disease: is there an impact on sleep and wakefulness?
Authors: WIENECKE MIRIAM , WERTH ESTHER , PORYAZOVA ROSITSA , BAUMANN‐VOGEL HEIDE , BASSETTI CLAUDIO L. , WELLER MICHAEL , WALDVOGEL DANIEL , STORCH ALEXANDER , BAUMANN CHRISTIAN R. 
Published: July 2012

SummarySleep–wake disturbances are frequent in patients with Parkinson’s disease, but prospective controlled electrophysiological studies of sleep in those patients are surprisingly sparse, and the pathophysiology of sleep–wake disturbances in Parkinson’s disease remains largely elusive. In particular, the impact of impaired dopaminergic and hypocretin (orexin) signalling on sleep and wakefulness in Parkinson’s disease is still unknown. We performed a prospective, controlled electrophysiological study in patients with early and advanced Parkinson’s disease, e.g. in subjects with presumably different levels of dopamine and hypocretin cell loss. We compared sleep laboratory tests and cerebrospinal fluid levels with hypocretin‐deficient patients with narcolepsy with cataplexy, and with matched controls. Nocturnal sleep efficiency was most decreased in advanced Parkinson patients, and still lower in early Parkinson patients than in narcolepsy subjects. Excessive daytime sleepiness was most severe in narcolepsy patients. In Parkinson patients, objective sleepiness correlated with decrease of cerebrospinal fluid hypocretin levels, and repeated hypocretin measurements in two Parkinson patients revealed a decrease of levels over years. This suggests that dopamine and hypocretin deficiency differentially affect sleep and wakefulness in Parkinson’s disease. Poorer sleep quality is linked to dopamine deficiency and other disease‐related factors. Despite hypocretin cell loss in Parkinson’s disease being only partial, disturbed hypocretin signalling is likely to contribute to excessive daytime sleepiness in Parkinson patients.
Population structure, mitochondrial polyphyly and the repeated loss of human biting ability in anopheline mosquitoes from the southwest Pacific
Authors: AMBROSE L. , RIGINOS C. , COOPER R. D. , LEOW K. S. , ONG W. , BEEBE N. W. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractAustralia and New Guinea contain high levels of endemism and biodiversity, yet there have been few evaluations of population‐level genetic diversity in fauna occurring throughout the Australo‐Papuan region. Using extensive geographical sampling, we examined and compared the phylogenetic relationships, phylogeography and population structure of Anopheles farauti, An. hinesorum and An. irenicus throughout their ranges in the southwest Pacific using mitochondrial (mtDNA COI) and nuclear (ribosomal protein S9 and ribosomal DNA ITS2) loci. Phylogenetic analyses suggest that the ability to utilize humans as hosts has been lost repeatedly, coincident with independent colonizations of the Solomon Islands. As some of the species under investigation transmit malaria in the region, this is a medically important finding. Maximum likelihood and Bayesian phylogenetic analyses of nuclear loci also showed that the three species are monophyletic. However, putative introgression of An. hinesorum mtDNA onto a nuclear background of An. farauti was evident in populations from Queensland, Torres Strait and southern New Guinea. Haplotype networks and pairwise FST values show that there is significant genetic structure within New Guinea and Australia in both An. farauti and An. hinesorum, consistent with a long‐term history of low gene flow among populations.
Performance characteristics of scintigraphic measurement of gastric emptying of solids in healthy participants
Authors: CAMILLERI M. , ITURRINO J. , BHARUCHA A. E. , BURTON D. , SHIN A. , JEONG I.‐D. , ZINSMEISTER A. R. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractBackground  Gastric emptying (GE) is measured in pharmacodynamic and diagnostic studies. Our aim was to assess inter‐ and intra‐subject coefficients of variation (COV) of scintigraphic GE measurements in healthy subjects, and associations of GE with gender and body mass index (BMI).Methods  Data from participants with scintigraphic measurements of gastric emptying of solids were analyzed. Primary endpoints were gastric emptying T1/2 (GE T1/2) and GE at 1, 2, 3, and 4 h.Key Results  The patient cohort consisted of 105 males and 214 females; at least two studies were performed in 47 subjects [16 males (M), 32 females (F)]. Inter‐subject COV (COVinter) for GE T1/2 were similar in M and F: overall 24.5% (M 26.0%, F 22.5%); COV are predictably lowest for GE at 4 h (COVinter 9.6%). COVintra for T1/2 and GE at 4 h were overall 23.8% and 12.6%, and were similar to COVinter values. Gender (but not age or BMI) was significantly associated with GE T1/2 [P < 0.001, F 127.6 ± 28.7 (SD) min; M 109.9 ± 28.6 min] and with GE at 1 h and 2 h. Repeat GE T1/2 values in 47 participants were significantly correlated (r = 0.459, P < 0.001) with median difference of −6 min (mean −1.6, range −56 to 72 min). Bland–Altman plots showed Δ GE T1/2 similarly distributed across mean GE T1/2 100–155 min, and across studies conducted 90–600 days apart.Conclusions & Inferences  Inter‐subject variations in scintigraphic GE results are only slightly higher than the intra‐subject measurements, which are also reproducible over time in healthy volunteers. Gender, but not BMI, is significantly associated with GE results.
Rice MPR25 encodes a pentatricopeptide repeat protein and is essential for RNA editing of nad5 transcripts in mitochondria
Authors: Toda Takushi , Fujii Sota , Noguchi Ko , Kazama Tomohiko , Toriyama Kinya 
Published: July 2012

SummaryPentatricopeptide repeat (PPR) proteins are involved in the modification of organelle transcripts. In this study, we investigated the molecular function in rice of the mitochondrial PPR‐encoding gene MITOCHONDRIAL PPR25 (MPR25), which belongs to the E subgroup of the PPR family. A Tos17 knockout mutant of MPR25 exhibited growth retardation and pale‐green leaves with reduced chlorophyll content during the early stages of plant development. The photosynthetic rate in the mpr25 mutant was significantly decreased, especially under strong light conditions, although the respiration rate did not differ from that of wild‐type plants. MPR25 was preferentially expressed in leaves. FLAG‐tagged MPR25 accumulated in mitochondria but not in chloroplasts. Direct sequencing revealed that the mpr25 mutant fails to edit a C–U RNA editing site at nucleotide 1580 of nad5, which encodes a subunit of complex I (NADH dehydrogenase) of the respiratory chain in mitochondria. RNA editing of this site is responsible for a change in amino acid from serine to leucine. Recombinant MPR25 directly interacted with the proximal region of the editing site of nad5 transcripts. However, the NADH dehydrogenase activity of complex I was not affected in the mutant. By contrast, genes encoding alternative NADH dehydrogenases and alternative oxidase were up‐regulated. The mpr25 mutant may therefore provide new information on the coordinated interaction between mitochondria and chloroplasts.
Comparison of Protein Fractions in Seminal Plasma from Multiple Sperm Collections in Sterlet (Acipenser ruthenus)
Authors: Shaliutina A , Hulak M , Li P , Sulc M , Dzyuba B , Linhart O 
Published: July 2012

ContentsSeminal plasma of sterlet Acipenser ruthenus was evaluated using comparative proteomics to characterize its protein fractions and to determine any influence of multiple sperm collections on these proteins. An experimental group of fish was used, in which sperm was collected three times at 5 h intervals. Protein fractions of seminal plasma were determined by SDS‐gel electrophoresis (SDS‐PAGE) and two‐dimensional electrophoresis high‐resolution gels (2D). At all stripping times, five protein bands with molecular weights of 93, 53, 48, 33 and 28 kDa were identified using SDS‐PAGE. No significant differences (p > 0.05) in relative mass of protein bands among collections were observed. At the third collection, 20 protein spots were detected from the two‐dimensional gels, compared to 17 found at the first and second collections. Ten protein spots, from the third stripping, were analysed. Screening of these spots by mass spectrometric analysis showed positive results for spot 10. Direct comparison across public databases revealed sequence similarity with two hypothetical proteins, MCAG_00854 and IscW_ISCW011489. Differences in the seminal plasma protein fractions were found at the third stripping compared to the first two. It is hypothesized that these extra proteins after the third collection could be involved in some step of intracellular mechanism which is responsible for regulating of spermatozoa motility. However, protein identification revealed no significant distinction for any protein spot and protein sequences available in public databases. These results highlighted the need for a complete genome sequences for sturgeons.
Japanese guidelines for the management of intussusception in children, 2011
Authors: Ito Yasuo , Kusakawa Isao , Murata Yuji , Ukiyama Etsuji , Kawase Hirokazu , Kamagata Shoichiro , Ueno Shigeru , Osamura Toshio , Kubo Minoru , Yoshida Masahiro 
Published: July 2012

AbstractBackground:  The Japanese Society of Emergency Pediatrics has formulated evidence‐based guidelines for the management of intussusception in children in order to diagnose intussusceptions promptly, to initiate appropriate treatment as early as possible, and to protect intussuscepted children from death.Methods:  Literature was collected systematically via the Internet using the key words “intussusception” and “children.” The evidence level of each paper was rated in accordance with the levels of evidence of the Oxford Center for Evidence‐based Medicine. The guidelines consisted of 50 clinical questions and the answers. Grades of recommendation were added to the procedures recommended on the basis of the strength of evidence levels.Results:  Three criteria of “diagnostic criteria,”“severity assessment criteria,” and “criteria for patient transfer” were proposed aiming at an early diagnosis, selection of appropriate treatment, and patient transfer for referral to a tertiary hospital in severe cases. Barium is no longer recommended for enema reduction (recommendation D) because the patient becomes severely ill once perforation occurs. Use of other contrast media, such as water‐soluble iodinated contrast, normal saline, or air, is recommended under either fluoroscopic or sonographic guidance. Delayed repeat enema improves reduction success rate, and is recommended if the initial enema partially reduced the intussusception and if the patient condition is stable.Conclusions:  The guidelines offer standards of management, but it is not necessarily the purpose of the guidelines to regulate clinical practices. One should judge each individual clinical situation in accordance with experiences, available devices, and the patient's condition.
Kana reading disability and Das–Naglieri Cognitive Assessment System findings in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
Authors: Nakashima Noriko , Yamashita Yushiro , Hirata Rumiko , Nagamitsu Shinichiro , Matsuishi Toyojiro 
Published: July 2012

AbstractBackground:  Epidemiological and clinical studies suggest that attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and reading disability co‐occur more frequently than would be expected by chance. The purposes of this study were to (i) assess the frequency of Japanese syllabary (Kana) reading disability (RD) and (ii) measure the psychometric properties of the Das–Naglieri Cognitive Assessment System (DN‐CAS) in a clinic‐referred sample of Japanese children with ADHD.Methods:  Twenty children with ADHD aged 8–13 years were evaluated using both Kana reading tasks and the DN‐CAS.Results:  Seven children (35%) showed excessive reading time in at least two of four Kana reading tasks and were diagnosed as ADHD plus RD. The children with ADHD plus RD took significantly longer to read a single mora, four‐syllable words, and short sentences. There was no significant difference in the time it took the children with ADHD plus RD to read four‐syllable non‐words compared to the children with ADHD only. The children with ADHD plus RD had significantly lower simultaneous‐processing scores in the DN‐CAS compared to children with ADHD but not RD.Conclusion:  Children with ADHD should be given Kana reading tasks because RD is highly comorbid with ADHD. DN‐CAS is a useful method for evaluating cognitive processing in children with ADHD with or without RD.
Comparison of carbon dioxide and air insufflation use by non‐expert endoscopists during endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography
Authors: Muraki Takashi , Arakura Norikazu , Kodama Ryou , Yoneda Suguru , Maruyama Masafumi , Itou Tetsuya , Watanabe Takayuki , Maruyama Masahiro , Matsumoto Akihiro , Kawa Shigeyuki , Tanaka Eiji 
Published: July 2012

Background:  Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is subject to several complications that include a lengthy procedure time, technical difficulty, and active bowel movement induced by air insufflation. In ERCP carried out by non‐expert endoscopists who are prone to excessive luminal insufflation, insufflation with carbon dioxide (CO2) may provide better and safer outcomes. We aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of CO2 insufflation during ERCP by non‐expert endoscopists.Methods:  This study included 208 consecutive patients who received ERCP, excluding those in poor general health or with obstructive lung disease. The first operator for each patient was a non‐expert endoscopist having done 50 or fewer ERCP procedures. Primary outcomes were the changes in cardiopulmonary state during ERCP. Secondary outcomes were ERCP complications. We designed a single‐center, randomized, prospective, double‐blind, controlled trial with CO2 and air insufflation during ERCP.Results:  CO2 insufflation did not affect overall procedure progression or results. A positive correlation was observed between procedure time and change in maximal systolic blood pressure from baseline among patients in the air insufflation group, but not in the CO2 insufflation group (correlation coefficient 0.408 vs 0.114, change in the maximal systolic blood pressure from baseline +4.2 vs+1.2 mmHg/10 min). This was consistent with our findings in patients treated by the first operator alone. The occurrence rate of post‐ERCP pancreatitis tended to be lower in the CO2 group than the air group (4/102 [3.9%]vs 0/106 [0%], P = 0.056).Conclusions:  CO2 insufflation during ERCP by non‐expert endoscopists is recommended from the standpoints of efficacy and safety.
A low molecular weight proteome comparison of fertile and male sterile 8 anthers of Zea mays
Authors: Wang Dongxue , Adams Christopher M. , Fernandes John F. , Egger Rachel L. , Walbot Virginia 
Published: July 2012

SummaryDuring maize anther development, somatic locular cells differentiate to support meiosis in the pollen mother cells. Meiosis is an important event during anther growth and is essential for plant fertility as pollen contains the haploid sperm. A subset of maize male sterile mutants exhibit meiotic failure, including ms8 (male sterile 8) in which meiocytes arrest as dyads and the locular somatic cells exhibit multiple defects. Systematic proteomic profiles were analysed in biological triplicates plus technical triplicates comparing ms8 anthers with fertile sibling samples at both the premeiotic and meiotic stages; proteins from 3.5 to 20 kDa were fractionated by 1‐D PAGE, cleaved with Lys‐C and then sequenced using a LTQ Orbitrap Velos MS paradigm. Three hundred and 59proteins were identified with two or more assigned peptides in which each of those peptides were counted at least two or more times (0.4% peptide false discovery rate (FDR) and 0.2% protein FDR); 2761 proteins were identified with one or more assigned peptides (0.4% peptide FDR and 7.6% protein FDR). Stage‐specific protein expression provides candidate stage markers for early anther development, and proteins specifically expressed in fertile compared to sterile anthers provide important clues about the regulation of meiosis. 49% of the proteins detected by this study are new to an independent whole anther proteome, and many small proteins missed by automated maize genome annotation were validated; these outcomes indicate the value of focusing on low molecular weight proteins. The roles of distinctive expressed proteins and methods for mass spectrometry of low molecular weight proteins are discussed.
ENDOGENOUS TIMING IN A MIXED DUOPOLY WITH ENDOGENOUS VERTICAL DIFFERENTIATION
Authors: Liu Lin , Lu Yuanzhu 
Published: July 2012

ABSTRACTWe consider a game of endogenous timing with observable delay in a mixed duopoly with endogenous vertical differentiation in the context of sequential quality and price choice. We find that a simultaneous play in the first opportunity at each stage turns out to be the unique subgame perfect Nash equilibrium, which contrasts with the endogenous timing in a purely private duopoly.