bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
TabHLH27 orchestrates root growth and drought tolerance to enhance water use efficiency in wheat
Authors: Wang Dongzhi , Zhang Xiuxiu , Cao Yuan , Batool Aamana , Xu Yongxin , Qiao Yunzhou , Li Yongpeng , Wang Hao , Lin Xuelei , Bie Xiaomin , Zhang Xiansheng , Jing Ruilian , Dong Baodi , Tong Yiping , Teng Wan , Liu Xigang , Xiao Jun 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACTCultivating high‐yield wheat under limited water resources is crucial for sustainable agriculture in semiarid regions. Amid water scarcity, plants activate drought response signaling, yet the delicate balance between drought tolerance and development remains unclear. Through genome‐wide association studies and transcriptome profiling, we identified a wheat atypical basic helix‐loop‐helix (bHLH) transcription factor (TF), TabHLH27‐A1, as a promising quantitative trait locus candidate for both relative root dry weight and spikelet number per spike in wheat. TabHLH27‐A1/B1/D1 knock‐out reduced wheat drought tolerance, yield, and water use efficiency (WUE). TabHLH27‐A1 exhibited rapid induction with polyethylene glycol (PEG) treatment, gradually declining over days. It activated stress response genes such as TaCBL8‐B1 and TaCPI2‐A1 while inhibiting root growth genes like TaSH15‐B1 and TaWRKY70‐B1 under short‐term PEG stimulus. The distinct transcriptional regulation of TabHLH27‐A1 involved diverse interacting factors such as TaABI3‐D1 and TabZIP62‐D1. Natural variations of TabHLH27‐A1 influence its transcriptional responses to drought stress, with TabHLH27‐A1Hap‐II associated with stronger drought tolerance, larger root system, more spikelets, and higher WUE in wheat. Significantly, the excellent TabHLH27‐A1Hap‐II was selected during the breeding process in China, and introgression of TabHLH27‐A1Hap‐II allele improved drought tolerance and grain yield, especially under water‐limited conditions. Our study highlights TabHLH27‐A1's role in balancing root growth and drought tolerance, providing a genetic manipulation locus for enhancing WUE in wheat.
Efficacy and safety of mesotherapy with tranexamic acid versus vitamin C in the treatment of melasma: A meta‐analysis and systemic review
Authors: Liao Xin , Cheng Fengrui , Jiang Yunlan 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe exact pathogenesis of melasma is not yet known, and its treatment remains challenging. Mesotherapy with tranexamic acid (TXA) and vitamin C was both reported to have certain effects on melasma. In spite of that several articles have compared the efficacy and safety of the two drugs on melasma, most of them were clinical study with small sample size.AimsTo evaluate the efficacy and safety of mesotherapy with TXA versus vitamin C in treating melasma through meta‐analysis and systemic review.MethodsThe authors searched PubMed, Web of Science, Springer, and ScienceDirect for studies that compared mesotherapy with TXA versus vitamin C as a treatment for melasma. Primary outcomes were change in melasma area and severity index (MASI) before and after the treatment.ResultsFinally, five studies with a total of 127 patients were included in the systematic review. There was no statistic difference in the change in MASI score between the TXA and vitamin C groups (mean difference, 0.16; 95% CI, −0.79 to 1.11).ConclusionsMesotherapy with both TXA and vitamin C is safe and effective in the treatment of melasma.
Quality of care measurement for patients with ovarian cancer in Japan
Authors: Kakuwa Tamaki , Watanabe Tomone , Niino Mariko , Kawata Akira , Satoh Toyomi , Matsumura Noriomi , Yokoyama Yoshihito , Kawana Kei , Hirashima Yasuyuki , Kyo Satoru , Yasuda Masanori , Harano Kenichi , Machida Hiroko , Tokunaga Hideki , Kaneuchi Masanori , Tabata Tsutomu , Kobayashi Yoichi , Nagase Satoru , Katabuchi Hidetaka , Mikami Mikio , Yamamoto Yoko , Rikitake Ryoko , Ichinose Yuichi , Higashi Takahiro 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAimQuality of care is important to reduce disease progression, and improve both survival and quality of life. The Japan Society of Gynecologic Oncology has published treatment guidelines to promote standardized high‐quality care for ovarian cancer in Japan. We developed quality indicators based on the guideline recommendations and used them on large datasets of health service use to examine the quality of ovarian cancer care.MethodsA panel of experts developed the indicators using a modified Delphi method. Adherence to each indicator was evaluated using data from a hospital‐based cancer registry of patients diagnosed in 2018. All patients receiving first‐line treatment at participating facilities were included. The adherence rates were returned to participating hospitals, and reasons for nonadherence were collected. A total of 580 hospitals participated, and the study examined the care received by 6611 patients with ovarian cancer and 1879 with borderline tumors using 11 measurable quality indicators.ResultsThe adherence rate ranged from 22.6% for “Estrogen replacement within 6 months of operation” to 93.5% for “Bleomycin, etoposide, and cisplatin for germ cell tumor more than Stage II.” Of 580 hospitals, 184 submitted the reasons for nonadherence.ConclusionsThe quality of ovarian cancer care should be continuously assessed to encourage the use of best practices. These indicators may be a useful tool for this purpose.
The involvement of epidermal growth factor receptor/protein kinase B signaling in the tumor intrinsic PD‐L1‐induced malignant potential of oral squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Sasabe Eri , Tomomura Ayumi , Yamamoto Tetsuya 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundVarious antigen‐presenting cells and tumor cells‐expressing PD‐L1 inhibits antitumor immune responses in the tumor microenvironment. Recently, numerous studies have shown that tumor cell intrinsic PD‐L1 also plays important roles in tumor growth and progression. On the other hand, oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cells overexpress epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and EGFR signal pathway exacerbates tumor progression. Therefore, this study assessed whether tumor‐intrinsic PD‐L1 facilitates malignant potential of OSCC cells through regulation of EGFR signaling.MethodsTwo OSCC cell lines, SAS and HSC‐3, were transfected with PD‐L1 and EGFR‐specific small interfering RNA (siRNA). Influences of PD‐L1 knockdown on malignant potentials of OSCC cells were examined by Cell Counting kit‐8 assay, transwell assay, sphere formation assay, flow cytometry, and Western blot. Effects of PD‐L1 and EGFR knockdown on each expression were examined by quantitative real‐time PCR (qRT‐PCR), Western blot, and flow cytometry.ResultsTransfection of an PD‐L1‐siRNA into OSCC cells decreased the abilities of proliferation, stemness, and mobility of these cells significantly. PD‐L1 knockdown also decreased EGFR expression through the promotion of proteasome‐ and lysosome‐mediated degradation and following activation of the EGFR/protekin kinase B (AKT) signal pathway. Meanwhile, EGFR knockdown did not influence PD‐L1 expression in SAS and HSC‐3 cells, but treatment with a recombinant human EGF induced its expression. Treatment with erlotinib and cetuximab suppressed rhEGF‐induced PD‐L1 expression and localization in the cellular membrane of both OSCC cells.ConclusionOSCC cells‐expressing PD‐L1 induced by EGF stimulation may promote malignancy intrinsically via the activation of the EGFR/AKT signaling cascade.
Assessment of the association of myofibroblasts and structural components of the extracellular matrix with histopathological parameters of actinic cheilitis and lower lip squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Martinez Farah Essgui Orellana , Bezerra Thâmara Manoela Marinho , Alves Ana Paula Negreiros Nunes , Fernandes Isabelle Joyce Lima Silva , Sousa Fabricio Bitu , de Barros Silva Paulo Goberlânio , Mota Mário Rogério Lima 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundTo evaluate the presence of myofibroblasts (MFs) in the development of lip carcinogenesis, through the correlation of clinical, histomorphometric and immunohistochemical parameters, in actinic cheilitis (ACs) and lower lip squamous cell carcinomas (LLSCCs).MethodsSamples of ACs, LLSCCs, and control group (CG) were prepared by tissue microarray (TMA) for immunohistochemical TGF‐β, α‐SMA, and Ki‐67 and histochemical hematoxylin and eosin, picrosirius red, and verhoeff van gieson reactions. Clinical and microscopic data were associated using the Mann–Whitney, Kruskal‐Wallis/Dunn, and Spearman correlation tests (SPSS, p < 0.05).ResultsACs showed higher number of α‐SMA+ MFs when compared to CG (p = 0.034), and these cells were associated with the vertical expansion of solar elastosis (SE) itself (p = 0.027). Areas of SE had lower deposits of collagen (p < 0.001), immunostaining for TGF‐β (p < 0.001), and higher density of elastic fibers (p < 0.05) when compared to areas without SE. A positive correlation was observed between high‐risk epithelial dysplasia (ED) and the proximity of SE to the dysplastic epithelium (p = 0.027). LLSCCs showed a higher number of α‐SMA+ MFs about CG (p = 0.034), as well as a reduction in the deposition of total collagen (p = 0.009) in relation to ACs and CG. There was also a negative correlation between the amount of α‐SMA+ cells and the accumulation of total collagen (p = 0.041). Collagen and elastic density loss was higher in larger tumors (p = 0.045) with nodal invasion (p = 0.047).ConclusionsOur findings show the possible role of MFs, collagen fibers, and elastosis areas in the lip carcinogenesis process.
How do consumers with different food neophobia levels react to health and environmental information? A case study on legume‐based formulations
Authors: Rabitti Noemi Sofia , Appiani Marta , Proserpio Cristina , Pagliarini Ella , Laureati Monica 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe global environmental changes require the development of new food formulations with sustainable ingredients. In this context, legumes could be used to enrich foods with beneficial consequences both on human health and sustainability of the agri‐food system. The aim was to evaluate the liking of a whole corn‐based formulation including chickpea or red lentil flour with or without providing health and environmental information about legumes. The effect of the conveyed information in subjects with different food neophobia (FN) level as well as the association between FN and different sustainability dimensions were also investigated. A 100% whole‐corn sample and two samples added with 20% of chickpea or red lentil flour were tested by 127 consumers in blind, expected, and real conditions. Subjects completed questionnaires about FN, sustainable behavior, perceived environmental impact of food products, beliefs, and attitudes toward sustainable food. Legume‐based products were equally liked as the control sample indicating that these food ingredients are promising for the enrichment of polenta samples. The information increased consumers' hedonic expectations. However, incomplete assimilation was found for samples with legumes. When the effect of information was assessed as a function of FN level, a complete assimilation for subjects with low (chickpea sample) and medium (red lentil sample) FN score was found, while no significant effect was seen for subjects with high FN score. A significant negative association was found between FN and sustainability commitment.Practical ApplicationThe results of the present study demonstrate that the development of sustainable food formulations using legumes is promising and that conveying health and environmental sustainability information contribute to increase consumer acceptance. However, consumers with high levels of FN were insensitive to information and were also those with low interest in sustainability issues. As a practical application, personalized communication strategies should be developed to reach different consumers targets when specific innovations are launched on the market alongside with industry efforts in developing marketing initiatives raising consumers awareness about health and environmental aspects.
Reducing intravenous antibiotics in neonates born ≥35 weeks' gestation: A quality improvement study
Authors: Grace Erin , Jayakumar Nilarni , Cooper Celia , Andersen Chad , Callander Emily , Gomersall Judith , Rumbold Alice , Keir Amy 
Published: May 2024

AimTo assess the impact of the Early Onset Sepsis (EOS) calculator, implemented as a quality improvement study, to reduce the rate of unnecessary antibiotics in neonates born ≥35 weeks' gestation.MethodsAn audit of routinely collected hospital data from January 2008 to March 2014 (retrospective) and from January 2018 to September 2019 (prospective) determined baseline incidence of EOS intravenous antibiotic use in neonates born ≥35 weeks' gestation in a tertiary level perinatal centre. Plan‐do‐study‐act (PDSA) cycles were applied to implement the EOS calculator. Statistical process control methodology and time series analysis assessments were used to assess the potential impact of the PDSA cycles on the rate of intravenous antibiotics, blood culture collection, EOS, length of stay and health care costs (not adjusted for potential confounders).ResultsIn the study population, from January 2008 to March 2014, the baseline incidence of intravenous antibiotic use was 10.49% (2970/28290), whilst only 0.067% (19/28290) neonates had culture proven EOS. From January 2018 to October 2019, prior to implementation of the EOS calculator, 13.3% (1119/8411) neonates were treated with intravenous antibiotic and the use decreased to 8.3% (61/734) post‐implementation. The rate of blood culture collection decreased from 14.4% (1211/8411) to 11.9% (87/734). There were no cases of missed EOS. Length of stay decreased from 2.68 to 2.39 days, with an estimated cost saving of $366 per patient per admission.ConclusionImplementing the EOS calculator in a tertiary hospital setting reduced invasive investigations for EOS and intravenous antibiotic use among neonates ≥35 weeks' gestation. This can result in reduced length of neonatal hospital stays, and associated health care cost savings and may reduce separation of mother and baby.
Complication rates associated with nasoesophageal versus nasogastric feeding tube placement in dogs and cats: a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Camacho F. , Humm K. 
Published: May 2024

ObjectivesTo determine the rate of accidental placement of nasoenteric tubes into the respiratory tract. To compare the methods of checking correct tube placement. To compare the complication rates between nasoesophageal and nasogastric tubes.Materials and MethodsAnimals requiring nasoenteric feeding tubes were prospectively randomised to have either nasoesophageal or nasogastric tube placement. Various techniques for assessing tube position were compared with thoracic radiographic findings. Complications during placement and use were recorded.ResultsNinety‐seven animals (82 dogs and 15 cats) were studied. The tube was misplaced into the respiratory tract in three (3.1%) cases. No technique for checking placement was completely concordant with radiography but the presence of negative pressure at the thoracic inlet during placement was consistent with the presence of the tube in the oesophagus in 86.2% cases, while capnography can be considered to confirm tracheal placement. The overall rate of complications during tube placement was 25.8%, with mostly minor clinical complications reported. There was no significant difference in the new‐onset regurgitation/vomiting rate, or complications while the tube was in situ between the nasoesophageal and nasogastric groups.Clinical SignificanceMisplacement of nasoenteric tubes is uncommon but a consistent alternative test to radiography for checking correct nasoenteric tube placement was not demonstrated. The choice of placement of either a nasoesophageal or nasogastric tube should be guided by clinician preference, and clients should be warned about possible complications during placement and while the nasoenteric tube is in situ.
Xitsonga segmental phonology
Authors: Hlungwani Crous M. , Lee Seunghun J. , Babane Morris T. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractXitsonga, a southern Bantu language (S53) spoken in South Africa, possesses rich phonological patterns that have been underreported in the literature. This paper aims to provide an overview of the phonology of Xitsonga with a focus on segmental phonology, building up on existing literature. The consonants of Xitsonga show a four‐way laryngeal system with phonation contrast in sonorants and several lateral consonants. These consonants display alternations of post‐nasal hardening, affrication, and lateral‐nasal alternation. Vowel raising and vowel coalescence are also examined. Data with variation from previous studies have been updated to reflect the status of lexical items in contemporary Xitsonga.
Powdery mildew effectors AVRA1 and BEC1016 target the ER J‐domain protein HvERdj3B required for immunity in barley
Authors: Li Zizhang , Velásquez‐Zapata Valeria , Elmore J. Mitch , Li Xuan , Xie Wenjun , Deb Sohini , Tian Xiao , Banerjee Sagnik , Jørgensen Hans J. L. , Pedersen Carsten , Wise Roger P. , Thordal‐Christensen Hans 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe barley powdery mildew fungus, Blumeria hordei (Bh), secretes hundreds of candidate secreted effector proteins (CSEPs) to facilitate pathogen infection and colonization. One of these, CSEP0008, is directly recognized by the barley nucleotide‐binding leucine‐rich‐repeat (NLR) receptor MLA1 and therefore is designated AVRA1. Here, we show that AVRA1 and the sequence‐unrelated Bh effector BEC1016 (CSEP0491) suppress immunity in barley. We used yeast two‐hybrid next‐generation interaction screens (Y2H‐NGIS), followed by binary Y2H and in planta protein–protein interactions studies, and identified a common barley target of AVRA1 and BEC1016, the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)‐localized J‐domain protein HvERdj3B. Silencing of this ER quality control (ERQC) protein increased Bh penetration. HvERdj3B is ER luminal, and we showed using split GFP that AVRA1 and BEC1016 translocate into the ER signal peptide‐independently. Overexpression of the two effectors impeded trafficking of a vacuolar marker through the ER; silencing of HvERdj3B also exhibited this same cellular phenotype, coinciding with the effectors targeting this ERQC component. Together, these results suggest that the barley innate immunity, preventing Bh entry into epidermal cells, requires ERQC. Here, the J‐domain protein HvERdj3B appears to be essential and can be regulated by AVRA1 and BEC1016. Plant disease resistance often occurs upon direct or indirect recognition of pathogen effectors by host NLR receptors. Previous work has shown that AVRA1 is directly recognized in the cytosol by the immune receptor MLA1. We speculate that the AVRA1 J‐domain target being inside the ER, where it is inapproachable by NLRs, has forced the plant to evolve this challenging direct recognition.
The nematode effector Mj‐NEROSs interacts with Rieske's iron–sulfur protein influencing plastid ROS production to suppress plant immunity
Authors: Stojilković Boris , Xiang Hui , Chen Yujin , Maulana Muhammad Iqbal , Bauters Lander , Van de Put Hans , Steppe Kathy , Liao Jinling , de Almeida Engler Janice , Gheysen Godelieve 
Published: May 2024

Summary
Root‐knot nematodes (RKN; Meloidogyne species) are plant pathogens that introduce several effectors in their hosts to facilitate infection. The actual targets and functioning mechanism of these effectors largely remain unexplored. This study illuminates the role and interplay of the Meloidogyne javanica nematode effector ROS suppressor (Mj‐NEROSs) within the host plant environment.
Mj‐NEROSs suppresses INF1‐induced cell death as well as flg22‐induced callose deposition and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. A transcriptome analysis highlighted the downregulation of ROS‐related genes upon Mj‐NEROSs expression. NEROSs interacts with the plant Rieske's iron–sulfur protein (ISP) as shown by yeast‐two‐hybrid and bimolecular fluorescence complementation.
Secreted from the subventral pharyngeal glands into giant cells, Mj‐NEROSs localizes in the plastids where it interacts with ISP, subsequently altering electron transport rates and ROS production. Moreover, our results demonstrate that isp Arabidopsis thaliana mutants exhibit increased susceptibility to M. javanica, indicating ISP importance for plant immunity.
The interaction of a nematode effector with a plastid protein highlights the possible role of root plastids in plant defense, prompting many questions on the details of this process.
Patient‐reported outcomes after oral cancer reconstructions with radial and ulnar forearm‐free flaps
Authors: Al‐Aroomi Maged Ali , Al‐Worafi Naseem Ali , Ma Yujie , Alkebsi Khaled , Mohamed Abdo Ahmed Saleh , Jiang Canhua 
Published: May 2024

AbstractObjectivesThis study aimed to evaluate patient‐reported quality of life and incidence of decision regret in patients undergoing radial (RFFF) and ulnar forearm‐free flaps (UFFF) reconstruction.Materials and MethodsPatients undergoing either RFFF or UFFF were assessed with the University of Washington Quality of Life (UW‐QOL) and Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP‐14) questionnaires, and the Decision Regret Scale (DRS), both before and at least 12 months post‐reconstruction.ResultsIn total, 40 RFFF and 40 UFFF were included. Harvesting time was longer in RFFF (p = 0.043), and the donor‐site defect was significantly larger in RFFF than in UFFF (p = 0.044). Patients with UFFF scored better UW‐QOL in the appearance, pain, activity, mood, and social functioning domains (p < 0.05). However, the RFFF group excelled in swallowing and chewing domains. The DRS score revealed a significant difference between RFFF and UFFF, with scores of 36.26 versus 27.36, respectively. Moreover, the mean DRS score reduced at 12 months compared with 6 months, significantly superior for UFFF.ConclusionOral cancer patients reconstructed with UFFF exhibited a better appearance, social domain, and mild decision regret compared with RFFF, indicating that the UFFF may contribute to improving postoperative quality of life in oral cancer patients.
Immunomodulation of salivary gland function due to cancer therapy
Authors: Costa‐da‐Silva Ana C. , Villapudua Carlos U. , Hoffman Matthew P. , Aure Marit H. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractFunctional salivary glands (SG) are essential for maintaining oral health, and salivary dysfunction is a persistent major clinical challenge. Several cancer therapies also have off‐target effects leading to SG dysfunction. Recent advances highlight the role of SG immune populations in homeostasis, dysfunction and gland regeneration. Here, we review what is known about SG immune populations during development and postnatal homeostasis. We summarize recent findings of immune cell involvement in SG dysfunction following cancer treatments such as irradiation (IR) for head and neck cancers, immune transplant leading to graft‐versus‐host‐disease (GVHD) and immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) treatment. The role of immune cells in SG in both homeostasis and disease, is an emerging field of research that may provide important clues to organ dysfunction and lead to novel therapeutic targets.