bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Soil organic matter and water content affect the community characteristics of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in Helan mountain, an arid desert grassland area in China
Authors: Shao Leilei , Yan Peixuan , Ye Siqi , Bai Hao , Zhang Rui , Shi Guangyao , Hu Yang , Pang Danbo , Niu Xiang , Ni Xilu 
Published: June 2024

IntroductionArbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are vital in terrestrial ecosystems. However, the community structure characteristics and influencing factors of AMF in the forest ecosystems of arid desert grassland areas require further investigation.MethodsTherefore, we employed high-throughput sequencing technology to analyze the soil AMF community characteristics at different elevations in the Helan mountains.ResultsThe results revealed that significant differences (P &lt; 0.05) were observed in the soil physicochemical properties among different elevations, and these properties exhibited distinct trends with increasing elevation. Through high-throughput sequencing, we identified 986 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) belonging to 1 phylum, 4 classes, 6 orders, 12 families, 14 genera, and 114 species. The dominant genus was Glomus. Furthermore, significant differences (P &lt; 0.05) were observed in the α-diversity of the soil AMF community across different elevations. Person correlation analysis, redundancy analysis (RDA), and Monte Carlo tests demonstrated significant correlations between the diversity and abundance of AMF communities with soil organic matter (OM) (P &lt; 0.01) and soil water content (WC) (P &lt; 0.05).DiscussionThis study provides insights into the structural characteristics of soil AMF communities at various altitudes on the eastern slope of Helan mountain and their relationships with soil physicochemical properties. The findings contribute to our understanding of the distribution pattern of soil AMF and its associations with environmental factors in the Helan mountains, as well as the stability of forest ecosystems in arid desert grassland areas.
Small bowel adenocarcinoma of the jejunum detected by double contrast enhanced ultrasound: a case report of a novel ultrasound modality
Authors: Wu Shuang , Yu Huizhen , Liu Ying , Zhou Hong , Zhou Yang 
Published: June 2024

BackgroundSmall Bowel Adenocarcinoma (SBA) is rare, occult and life-threatening malignancy in digestive system. Given low incidence and nonspecific symptoms, SBA is frequently detected in later stages. Double contrast enhanced ultrasound (DCEUS) is an innovative imaging technique applied to visualize the gastrointestinal tract, merging intravenous contrast-enhanced ultrasound with oral contrast-enhanced ultrasound. In this case, DCEUS was utilized and successfully detected an SBA of the jejunum.Case presentationA Chinese woman, aged 64, sought consultation in the gastroenterology department at our hospital, reporting symptoms of abdominal pain. Three months before entering the hospital, she underwent gastroscopy and colonoscopy which suggested chronic gastritis, and she was treated with oral drugs. However, her symptoms were not relieved, and even worsened. To further investigate, DCEUS was performed. The oral contrast agent dilated the luminal space of the upper gastrointestinal tract, resolving the hindrance caused by gas in the gastrointestinal tract and creating an acoustic window for scanning. Through this acoustic window, oral agent contrast-enhanced ultrasound (OA-CEUS) revealed a localized thickening of jejunal intestinal wall measuring 4x3 cm. Following intravenous injection of ultrasound contrast agent, the jejunal lesion exhibited faster enhancement and heterogeneous hyper-enhancement. Finally, the patient underwent jejunal tumor resection. Pathological examination revealed a jejunal adenocarcinoma.ConclusionThe timely diagnosis of SBA can be challenging. DCEUS may have the potential to contribute to diagnosis and detailed evaluation of SBA, particularly in cases involving jejunum. Further researches are needed to fully explore the benefits of DCEUS in the standard diagnostic approach for small bowel diseases.
Transcriptome analysis reveals the molecular mechanism of differences in growth between photoautotrophy and heterotrophy in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
Authors: Chen Jing , Chen Yuanhao , He Weiling , Liang Honghao , Hong Ting , Li Tangcheng , Du Hong 
Published: June 2024

BackgroundThe green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii can grow photoautotrophically utilizing light and CO2, and heterotrophically utilizing acetate. The physiological and biochemical responses of autotrophy and heterotrophy are different in C. reinhardtii. However, there is no complete understanding of the molecular physiology between autotrophy and heterotrophy. Therefore, we performed biochemical, molecular and transcriptome analysis of C. reinhardtii between autotrophy and heterotrophy.ResultsThe cell growth characterization demonstrated that heterotrophic cell had enhanced growth rates, and autotrophic cell accumulated more chlorophyll. The transcriptome data showed that a total of 2,970 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified from photoautotrophy 12h (P12h) to heterotrophy 12h (H12h). The DEGs were involved in photosynthesis, the tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA), pyruvate and oxidative phosphorylation metabolisms. Moreover, the results of qRT-PCR revealed that the relative expression levels of malate dehydrogenase (MDH), succinate dehydrogenase (SDH), ATP synthase (ATPase), and starch synthase (SSS) were increased significantly from P12h and H12h. The protein activity of NAD-malate dehydrogenase (NAD-MDH) and succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) were significantly higher in the H12h group.ConclusionThe above results indicated that the high growth rate observed in heterotrophic cell may be the effects of environmental or genetic regulation of photosynthesis. Therefore, the identification of novel candidate genes in heterotrophy will contribute to the development of microalga strains with higher growth capacity and better performance for biomass production.
Partnered dance evokes greater intrinsic motivation than home exercise as therapeutic activity for chemotherapy-induced deficits: secondary results of a randomized, controlled clinical trial
Authors: Worthen-Chaudhari Lise , Schnell Patrick M. , Hackney Madeleine E. , Lustberg Maryam B. 
Published: June 2024

IntroductionDance has been proposed to support superior intrinsic motivation over non-dance forms of therapeutic physical activity. However, this hypothesis has yet to be evaluated empirically, particularly among populations living with neuropathology such as survivors of cancer with neurologic complications from chemotherapy treatment. Questions about motivation are relevant to clinical outcomes because motivation mediates neuroplasticity. We conducted this secondary analysis of a randomized-controlled study to begin to investigate the relationships between personal motivation and neurophysiologic effects of dance-based intervention for healthy aging among populations with neurologic complications of cancer.MethodsWe measured motivation using the Intrinsic Motivation Inventory, a validated patient-reported outcome from the psychological approach of Self Determination Theory. We assessed intrinsic motivation, extrinsic motivation, and satisfaction with intervention within a randomized controlled trial of dance versus exercise designed to alleviate symptoms of chemotherapy-induced impairment. Fifty-two survivors of breast cancer with chemotherapy-induced neuropathy diagnosis and associated sensorimotor functional deficits were randomized (1:1) to 8 weeks of partnered dance or home exercise, performed biweekly (NCT05114005; R21-AG068831).ResultsWhile satisfaction did not differ between interventions, intrinsic motivation was higher among participants randomized to dance than those randomized to exercise (p &lt; 0.0001 at all timepoints: 2 weeks, 4 weeks, 6 weeks, and 8 weeks of intervention), as was extrinsic motivation at 2 weeks (p = 0.04) and 8 weeks (p = 0.01).DiscussionThese data provide evidence that social dance is more motivating than the type of home exercise generally recommended as therapeutic physical activity. The results inform directions for future study of the effect of dance-based therapeutics on embodied agency, neuroplastic changes, and clinically-relevant neuropathic improvement.
Factors affecting parental role adaptation in parents of preterm infants after discharge: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Li Jia , Zhang Xiaohong , Ye Fei , Cheng Xiaolin , Yu Liping 
Published: June 2024

BackgroundParenting a preterm infant can be incredibly challenging and stressful, particularly in the first year after discharge. Desirable parental role adaptation leads to appropriate parenting behaviors and parent-infant interaction, which are essential to child health and development.AimTo investigate the level of parental role adaptation and its influencing factors among parents of preterm infants in the first year after hospital discharge according to Belsky’s parenting process model among parents of preterm infants in the first year after hospital discharge.MethodsA cross-sectional study design was adopted using convenience sampling. Data were collected using the Parental Role Adaptation Scale (PRAS) in parents with preterm infants, the Perceived Social Support Scale (PSSS), the Coping Adaptation Processing Scale (CAPS-15), and a sociodemographic questionnaire. Descriptive statistics, non-parametric tests, Spearman correlation analyses, and multivariate linear regression were used to analyze the data.ResultsIn total, 300 Chinese parents were included in the analysis. In the multivariate analysis, first-time parent (p = 0.003), master’s degree and above (p = 0.042), coping adaptation processing (p = 0.000), residence location (towns: p = 0.019, city: p = 0.028), monthly family income (6000–10,000: p = 0.000, &gt;10,000: p = 0.000), and perceived social support (p = 0.001) were all significant predictors of parental role adaptation and collectively accounted for 56.8% of the variation in parental role adaptation of parents with preterm infants (F = 16.473, p &lt; 0.001). Coping adaptation processing mediated the relationship between perceived social support and parental role adaptation (95% bootstrap CI = 0.022, 0.130).ConclusionChinese parents of preterm infants experience a moderate level of parental role adaptation when their child is discharged from the hospital to home. Parents who are not first-time parents, have master’s degrees or above, live in towns or cities, have higher coping and adaptation abilities, have high monthly family income, and greater perceived social support have a higher level of parental role adaptation. Healthcare providers should pay more attention to parents with low socioeconomic status and encourage them to improve their coping and adaptation abilities and to utilize their formal and informal social support networks.
Investigating the causal association between gut microbiota and type 2 diabetes: a meta-analysis and Mendelian randomization
Authors: Liu Ting , Cao Yang , Liang Ning , Ma Xiaoqi , Fang Jing-ai , Zhang Xiaodong 
Published: June 2024

BackgroundStudies have shown that gut dysbiosis contributes to the pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Identifying specific gut microbiota dysbiosis may provide insight into the pathogenesis of T2DM.PurposeThis study investigated the causal relationship between gut microbiota and T2DM using meta-analysis and Mendelian randomization (MR).MethodsIn the first part, we searched for literature on gut microbiota and T2DM, and conducted a meta-analysis. We observed differences in glycosylated hemoglobin and fasting blood glucose levels in both groups. Second, we obtained GWAS data from genome-wide association study database 19 (GWAS). We used two-sample MR analysis to verify the forward and reverse causal associations between gut microbiota and T2DM. Additionally, we selected the European GWAS data from the European Bioinformatics Institute (EBI) as a validation set for external validation of the MR analysis. In the third part, we aimed to clarify which gut microbiota contribute to the degree of causal association between group disorders and T2DM through multivariate MR analysis and Bayesian model averaging (MR-BMA).Results1. According to the meta-analysis results, the glycated hemoglobin concentration in the gut probiotic intervention group was significantly lower than in the control group. Following treatment, fasting blood glucose levels in the intervention group were significantly lower than those in the control group. 2. The results of two samples MR analysis revealed that there were causal relationships between six gut microbiota and T2DM. Genus Haemophilus and order Pasteurellaceae were negatively correlated with T2DM. Genus Actinomycetes, class Melanobacteria and genus Lactobacillus were positively correlated. Reverse MR analysis demonstrated that T2DM and gut microbiota did not have any reverse causal relationship. The external validation data set showed a causal relationship between gut microbiota and T2DM. 3. Multivariate MR analysis and MR-BMA results showed that the independent genus Haemophilus collection had the largest PP.ConclusionOur research results suggest that gut microbiota is closely related to T2DM pathogenesis. The results of further MR research and an analysis of the prediction model indicate that a variety of gut microbiota disorders, including genus Haemophilus, are causally related to the development of T2DM. The findings of this study may provide some insight into the diagnosis and treatment of T2DM.Systematic review registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO
Cultural adaptation of a self-review tool for health promoting universities in Bulgaria
Authors: Boncheva Petya , Dokova Klara 
Published: June 2024

IntroductionThe Health Promoting University initiative is unknown in Bulgaria, and the health promotion potential of Bulgarian universities has not been studied. In order to examine it, a suitable instrument is needed. The UK Healthy Universities Network provides an accessible Self-Review-Tool (SRT). Aim: To present the process of cultural adaptation of the SRT in Bulgarian language.MethodsThe standardized WHO methodology for cultural adaptation of instruments was followed in four stages: (1) Two language translations of the instrument into Bulgarian were made; (2) An expert Delphi discussion reached a consensus on specific health promoting (HP) terms, followed by a backward translation; (3) Pilot testing of the tool among university community representatives was conducted through a survey among a small sample, with independent responses to the SRT questionnaire followed by cognitive interviews; (4) Final revision of the instrument.ResultsTen public health experts reached a consensus on the name of the initiative and various HP terms. Ten other respondents pre-tested the tool. Difficulties in responding the SRT concerned the meaning of some HP terms, complex words, the system of answers, limited applicability of some statements. Changes were made to 61 of the total 68 elements in the SRT.ConclusionAll stages of the cultural adaptation were important for the final result. The adapted Bulgarian version of the SRT would be useful to Bulgarian universities that want to make a clear commitment to improving the health of their university community and the wider society.
Identification of parameters for electronic distance examinations
Authors: Richter Robin , Tipold Andrea , Schaper Elisabeth 
Published: June 2024

IntroductionThis study investigates the log data and response behavior from invigilated in-person electronic timed exams at the University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Germany. The primary focus is on understanding how various factors influence the time needed per exam item, including item format, item difficulty, item discrimination and character count. The aim was to use these results to derive recommendations for designing timed online distance examinations, an examination format that has become increasingly important in recent years.MethodsData from 216,625 log entries of five electronic exams, taken by a total of 1,241 veterinary medicine students in 2021 and 2022, were analyzed. Various statistical methods were employed to assess the correlations between the recorded parameters.ResultsThe analysis revealed that different item formats require varying amounts of time. For instance, image-based question formats and Kprim necessitated more than 60 s per item, whereas one-best-answer multiple-choice questions (MCQs) and individual Key Feature items were effectively completed in less than 60 s. Furthermore, there was a positive correlation between character count and response time, suggesting that longer items require more time. A negative correlation could be verified for the parameters “difficulty” and “discrimination index” towards response time, indicating that more challenging items and those that are less able to differentiate between high- and low-performing students take longer to answer.ConclusionThe findings highlight the need for careful consideration of the ratio of item formats when defining time limits for exams. Regarding exam design, the literature mentions that time pressure is a critical factor, since it can negatively impact students’ exam performance and some students, such as those with disabilities, are particularly disadvantaged. Therefore, this study emphasizes finding the right time limits to provide sufficient time for answering questions and reducing time pressure. In the context of unsupervised online exams, the findings of this study support previous recommendations that implementation of a stringent time limit might be a useful strategy to reduce cheating.
جوانب من العلاقات الجزائرية النمساوية - المعاهدات والوجود القنصلي النمساوي بالجزائر (1727م- 1830م).
Authors: فكاير عبد القادر 
Published: June 2024

تتناول هذه الدراسة بعض الصور من العلاقات بين الجزائر والإمبراطورية النمساوية، هذه الإمبراطورية التي كانت لها علاقات حرب وسلام مع الدولة العثمانية. وبحكم أن الجزائر كانت إيالة عثمانية فقد انعكست تلك العلاقات على الجزائر، وكانت البداية على الخصوص منذ سنة 1717م التي عقدت فيها معاهدة بساروفيتز التي أشارت إحدى موادها إلى التزام الجزائر بهذه المعاهدة وكذلك إيالتي تونس طرابلس (ليبيا). لقد رأيت من الأجدر تسليط الضوء على دولة النمسا في نبذة تاريخية عنها حتى سنة 1748م. ثم تطرقت إلى العلاقات النمساوية العثمانية وانعكاساتها على العلاقات الجزائرية النمساوية، بعد ذلك تعرضت إلى ظروف عقد المعاهدتين اللتين أبرمتا بين الجزائر مع النمسا الأولى سنة 1727م والثانية سنة 1748م، وإلى تحليل بنودهما، ثم تطرقت إلى الوجود القنصلي النمساوي بالجزائر الذي بدأ منذ سنة 1748م. إن الهدف من هذه الدراسة هو تسليط الضوء على بعض الصور من العلاقات بين الجزائر وإمبراطورية النمسا خلال العصر الحديث، خاصة وأن الدراسات حول هذا الموضوع غير موجودة على الإطلاق باللغة العربية، حتى باللغات الأجنبية فهي نادرة حسب علمي باستثناء دراسة أكاديمية صادرة عن جامعة فيينا تتناول علاقات النمسا مع الدول المغاربية. أما مشكلة البحث فتركز على معالجة مظهرين من العلاقات الجزائرية النمساوية وهما معاهدتا 1727م و 1748م، والوجود القنصلي النمساوي بالجزائر. أما عن المنهج المتبع فقد اعتمدت في إعداد هذا البحث على المنهج التاريخي في تطبيق التسلسل الزمني للأحداث التاريخية، واستقراء الوثائق والنصوص التاريخية وتحليلها واستنباط الأحداث والمعلومات التاريخية. أما عن أهم النتائج التي توصلت إليها، هي أن العلاقات الجزائرية النمساوي قد بدأت متأخرة خلال الربع الأول من القرن 18، مقارنة مع دول أوربا الأخرى. كما أن العلاقات لم تكن على نسق واحد رغم عقد المعاهدتين، بل كانت في حالة توتر بعد سنة 1764م حيث انخفض التمثيل الدبلوماسي النمساوي بالجزائر. أما ما يتعلق بالتوصيات فأقول إن موضوع العلاقات الجزائرية النمساوية يحتاج إلى المزيد من البحث في جوانب أخرى، منها: المواجهات البحرية، والغنائم، وقضية الأسرى الإمبراطوريين، وإجراءات تحريرهم، والهدايا.
Problematika Guru Pendidikan Agama Islam dalam Mengimplementasikan Kurikulum Merdeka Belajar di SD Negeri 2 Jayabakti Kabupaten Ogan Komering Ilir
Authors: Harits Al Agam Mohammad , Marlia Ani 
Published: June 2024

Sistem pendidikan di Indonesia selalu mengalami perkembangan dan pembaruan dengan segala kebijakan yang telah ditetapkan di dalamnya. Salah satunya perubahan kurikulum. Kurikulum di Indonesia sudah mengalami beberapa kali perubahan, mulai dari tahun 1947 sampai kurikulum Merdeka belajar, Karena seringnya perubahan kurikulum, membuat guru kurang berkompeten dalam menerapkan kurikulum di sekolah sehingga terjadi problematika dalam mengimplementasikan kurikulum terbaru yakni kurikulum Merdeka belajar. Guru Pendidikan Agama Islam mempunyai peranan krusial dalam mencetak generasi yang unggul baik dari segi ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi (IPTEK) serta dalam penguatan iman dan taqwa (IMTAQ) sebagai akibatnya, tujuan pendidikan khususnya PAI bisa tercapai sebagaimana mestinya. Adanya Kurikulum Merdeka yang di terapkan di SDN 2 Jayabakti saat ini, menjadi sebuah problematika khususnya bagi guru PAI pada pengimplementasian kurikulum Merdeka di sekolah. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif yang bertujuan untuk menganalisis problematika guru PAI dalam menerapkan kurikulum Merdeka saat ini. Subjek penelitian ini yaitu, guru PAI, kepala sekolah, waka kurikulum SDN 2 Jayabakti. Hasil penelitian ditemukan bahwa problematika guru dalam menerapkan Kurikulum Merdeka Belajar pada perencanaan, pelaksanaan dan penilaian pembelajaran adalah kesulitan menganalisis, merumuskan, menyusun ATP dan Modul Ajar, menentukan metode dan strategi pembelajaran, minimnya kemampuan menggunakan teknologi, kurangnya alokasi waktu pembelajaran berbasis proyek. Siswa juga merasakan kesulitan untuk mengikuti Kurikulum Merdeka terlebih pada soal yang berbasis AKM di mana siswa dituntut untuk berfikir kritis, siswa mengalami kesulitan dalam memahami soal yang bernarasi panjang.
Kata kunci: Problematika, Guru PAI, Kurikulum Merdeka
Karakteristik Pola Pendidikan pada Masa Nabi Muhammad SAW dan Khulafa’ Ar-Rasyidin
Authors: Firmansyah Firmansyah , Fatimah Siti , Ballianie Novia , Hamzah Amir 
Published: June 2024

Penelitian ini membahas tentang karakteristik pola pendidikan pada masa Nabi Muhammad Saw dan Khulafa' Ar-Rasyidin, dengan menyoroti metode pengajaran, kurikulum, serta dampaknya terhadap masyarakat. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kepustakaan (library research), yang menggunakan teknik dokumentasi sebagai teknik pengumpulan data dan selanjutnya dianalisis secara induktif. Hasil pembahasan menunjukkan bahwa karakteristik pola pendidikan pada masa Nabi Muhammad Saw dan Khulafa' Ar-Rasyidin menunjukkan betapa pentingnya pendidikan dalam membentuk peradaban Islam. Metode pengajaran yang bervariasi, kurikulum yang komprehensif, serta peran sentral masjid dan institusi pendidikan formal, semuanya berkontribusi pada perkembangan ilmu pengetahuan dan moralitas dalam masyarakat. Dampak pendidikan yang diterapkan pada masa Nabi Muhammad Saw dan Khulafa' Ar-Rasyidin masih terasa hingga saat ini, yang menunjukkan kekuatan dan relevansi pendidikan yang berlandaskan pada nilai-nilai Islam.
Kata Kunci: karakteristik pola pendidikan; pendidikan pada masa Nabi Muhammad Saw; pendidikan pada masa Khulafa' Ar-Rasyidin.