bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Novel Adjuvant Treatment to Scaling and Root Planing With a Topical Gingival Patch: A Case Series
Authors: Saffer Aron , Samuels Noah 
Published: April 2012

Introduction: Gingival inflammation often persists despite conventional therapies. A topical gingival patch containing natural extracts has been shown in a randomized clinical trial to reduce gingival inflammation when administered as an independent therapy. We report a case series of patients with moderate‐to‐severe chronic periodontitis in whom the patch was used together with scaling and root planing (SRP).Case Series: A series of 20 healthy patients presenting with moderate‐to‐severe chronic periodontitis (probing depths, 5 to 8 mm) were treated with the patch immediately after treatment with SRP. All patients had bilateral gingival inflammation with a gingival index (GI) ≥2 and bleeding on probing (BOP) on ≥1 site per tooth on two adjacent teeth. After SRP, the patch was applied first by the study periodontist (AS), with two subsequent applications over the next 24 hours by the patient, and reevaluated 2 to 4 weeks later. On a separate visit, the contralateral side was treated with SRP alone and was also reassessed after 2 to 4 weeks. Both the patch and non‐patch sides showed improvement after SRP. When comparing the two sides, the patch‐treated area showed a significantly greater reduction of inflammation and bleeding, as measured by GI (P <0.001) and BOP (P <0.002).Conclusions: In this case series, the patch is shown to provide a beneficial effect by helping to further reduce inflammation when used in conjunction with scaling and root planing. Additional research of the patch combined with SRP treatment is warranted within the framework of large randomized and controlled trials.
Ligneous Periodontitis and Conjunctivitis With Hyper‐Immunoglobulin E Syndrome
Authors: Gupta Shalini R. , Chaudhry Zainab , Kumar Vijay , Saran Ravindra Kumar , Augustine Jeyaseelan 
Published: April 2012

Introduction: Hyper‐immunoglobulin E syndrome (HIES) is a rare multisystem primary immunodeficiency caused by mutation in signal transducer and activator of transcription gene protein 3, associated with recurrent skin and sinopulmonary infection and high serum levels of immunoglobulin E (IgE). It is mostly sporadic, but familial inheritance with autosomal dominant and autosomal recessive forms are seen. Ligneous periodontitis and conjunctivitis are rare poorly defined conditions, characterized by pseudomembranous inflammation of mucosa. There is accumulation of fibrin in lamina propria mostly as a result of quantitative plasminogen deficiency.Case Presentation: An 18‐year‐old Indian girl with history of newborn rash had generalized pseudomembranous periodontitis, bilateral pseudomembranous conjunctivitis, multiple staphylococcal abscesses on the feet, right radial neck fracture after minor trauma, eosinophilia, and raised IgE. Subepithelial deposition of fibrin was seen in gingival and conjunctival biopsies. The National Institutes of Health scoring system for HIES was calculated to be 42 (HIES score >40 points indicates that the presence of autosomal dominant HIES genotype is highly likely). Segmental gingivectomies, topical heparin, and corticosteroids were not effective in dentate areas of gingiva, whereas edentulous areas healed normally. Oral and topical antibiotics caused resolution of the skin abscesses, whereas lubricating and corticosteroid eye drops caused improvement in conjunctival lesions.Conclusions: Ligneous periodontitis and conjunctivitis are novel manifestations in HIES recalcitrant to various treatments. Optimal therapy would be systemic plasminogen concentrate replacement, which is not commercially available. Extensive investigations and a multidisciplinary approach to diagnosis and management are required.
Periodontal Healing of a Human Intrabony Defect Treated by Autogenous Periosteal Barrier Membrane and Bone Graft: A Clinical and Histologic Case Report
Authors: Femminella Beatrice , Traini Tonino , Romano Luigi , Di Tullio Marcella , D'Arcangelo Camillo , Paolantonio Michele 
Published: April 2012

Introduction: The aim of this case report is to clinically and histologically evaluate the healing of a deep intrabony defect treated with a combination therapy using autogenous periosteal membrane and autogenous bone graft.Case Presentation: A 45‐year‐old female was scheduled for hemisection of tooth #30, affected by a degree III furcation involvement, with the extraction of the mesial root. The root was associated with a 6‐mm intrabony defect. The patient volunteered to have the defect treated by a regenerative technique before the extraction. A notch was placed at the level of the crestal bone on the root surface to serve as reference for histologic evaluation. The intrabony defect was filled by autogenous bone chips and covered by an autogenous periosteal barrier membrane obtained from the palate. One year after regenerative treatment, a block biopsy containing the root with some of the surrounding soft and hard tissues was sampled during the tooth hemisection procedure and processed for histologic evaluation. At the 12‐month examination, a 7‐mm probing depth decrease and a 4‐mm clinical attachment gain were observed. The radiographic examination showed the complete filling of the defect. Histologic evaluation showed the formation of new cellular cementum with inserting collagen fibers from the base of the defect to the notch level. Newly formed bone was also observed.Conclusion: Our results suggest that the adjunctive use of autogenous bone graft and periosteal barrier membrane may represent a promising surgical technique for periodontal regeneration in clinical practice.
Treatment Alternative for Root Resorption of an Avulsed Tooth in a Growing Child: A Case Report With a 4‐Year Follow‐Up
Authors: Mau Lian Ping , Pang Iok‐Chao , Tseng Chuen‐Chyi , Melody Chen Yea‐Huey , Cochran David L. 
Published: April 2012

Introduction: Dental treatment is difficult in young patients who present with a root‐resorbed permanent tooth and are still growing. The purpose of this case report is to present a treatment option to delay implant placement until the child's growth has slowed and the tissues are fully developed so that an esthetic implant restoration can be achieved.Case Presentation: A 9‐year‐old female patient presented to the clinic after a traffic accident. Avulsion of her maxillary right central incisor had occurred and the tooth was repositioned during that emergency visit. The tooth vitality was followed regularly. Significant root resorption of the tooth was observed 4 years after the accident. The treatment strategy was to retain the tooth as long as possible until her growth was completed. Root canal therapy was done, and the canal was sealed with calcium hydroxide, mineral trioxide aggregate, and glass ionomer cement. Unfortunately, root resorption continued. When the patient was 22 years old, the tooth was extracted, and a standard‐sized implant was placed immediately with a bone graft, collagen membrane, and connective tissue graft augmentation. A temporary restoration was inserted 5 months after implantation. The definitive restoration was fabricated 3 months after the provisional. The dentists and patient were satisfied with the final outcome.Conclusion: Repositioning of an avulsed tooth and conservative endodontic treatment despite root resorption preserved the adjacent bone in a young female until her growth was complete, allowing for the placement of a standard‐sized dental implant with a natural esthetic restoration.
The Sandwich Bone Augmentation Technique
Authors: Fu Jia‐Hui , Wang Hom‐Lay 
Published: April 2012

Introduction: Horizontal ridge width reduction after tooth extraction is a common clinical scenario. As such, when implant‐supported restorations are planned for tooth replacement, it is a challenge to regenerate adequate bone width to house the dental implant and ensure its long‐term stability. Several horizontal ridge augmentation techniques, e.g. guided bone regeneration, ridge splitting, and block grafts, have been tested and proven to predictably augment bone width. Although these techniques are successful, treatment time is significantly increased and patients need to endure additional surgical procedures. Therefore, this case report aims at illustrating the ease and success of the sandwich bone augmentation technique when performed with dental implant placement.Case Presentation: A clinical case with a horizontally deficient ridge was selected. A buccal dehiscence was observed after placement of the dental implant in a prosthetically driven position. Autogenous bone graft harvested from the osteotomy site was placed on the exposed implant surface. Mineralized cancellous bone allograft was layered on, followed by a layer of mineralized cortical bone allograft. A collagen membrane was trimmed and used to contain the bone grafts as well as to exclude unwanted cells, such as epithelial cells and connective tissue fibroblasts. Tension‐free primary closure was subsequently obtained. Six months later, mature regenerated bone was found on the buccal surface of the implant at surgical reentry.Conclusion: Simultaneous implant placement with the sandwich bone augmentation technique predictably regenerated bone on implant buccal dehiscence defects.
New Crestal Approach for Lifting Sinus in the Extremely Atrophic Upper Maxillae
Authors: Soardi Carlo M. , Wang Hom‐Lay 
Published: April 2012

Introduction: Sinus augmentation, when performed with simultaneous or delayed implant placement, is a predictable procedure in augmenting deficient ridges. Traditionally, sinus augmentation was performed with either the lateral window or crestal osteotome approaches. In this case series, a new sinus floor elevation technique is proposed to treat specific cases of extremely atrophic maxillae.Case Series: In this technique, a window is opened from the ridge crest instead of the lateral wall. Particulate bone graft is subsequently packed through the crestal window to elevate the Schneiderian membrane. Primary closure is achieved and implant placement is performed after healing is completed.Conclusion: This new crestal sinus elevation technique combines direct visualization of the Schneiderian membrane with minimal flap reflection in the augmentation of severely atrophic maxillae in preparation for subsequent implant placement.
Treatment of Generalized Aggressive Periodontitis With Enamel Matrix Derivative and Implant Prosthesis: A Case Report
Authors: Takanashi Takuya , Fujinami Koushu , Matsuzaki Mai , Sekine Hideshi , Saito Atsushi 
Published: April 2012

Introduction: Aggressive periodontitis is characterized by relatively rapid loss of connective tissue attachment and alveolar bone in apparently healthy young adults. Ideally, treatment aims at regeneration of lost periodontal tissues and functional and esthetic restoration of lost dentition.Case Presentation: This case report describes an interdisciplinary approach to aggressive periodontitis in a 23‐year‐old woman involving a periodontist, dental hygienist, and implantologist. After initial periodontal therapy, periodontal lesions were treated by regenerative therapy using enamel matrix derivative. Treatment yielded a mean clinical attachment level (CAL) gain of 3.0 mm (range: 2 to 5 mm; 41% of the preoperative CAL) at 1 year. A trend toward a progressive increase in radiopacity, suggestive of bone fill, was also observed. After extraction of the upper incisors, transitional implants were immediately placed to support a provisional prosthesis. Two osseointegrated implants were then inserted. After confirming suppression of periodontal pathogens, an implant‐supported prosthesis was placed for esthetic and functional restoration of the anterior dentition.Conclusion: This collaborative approach yielded a favorable outcome in the treatment of aggressive periodontitis.
Use of an Extracellular Matrix Membrane for Root Coverage: Case Series and Review of the Literature
Authors: Bhola Monish , Sanchez Shayna , Kolhatkar Shilpa 
Published: April 2012

Introduction: The treatment of gingival recession (GR) is a growing need in patients as a result of functional, esthetic, and preprosthetic demands. Techniques that primarily use autogenous grafts, although well established, often require a remote second surgical site. Clinicians have attempted to achieve comparable results without a donor site by using substitutes for autogenous grafts, such as allografts. Recently, the efficacy and predictability of an extracellular matrix (ECM) membrane for root coverage procedures has received close attention. This case series investigates whether the use of an ECM membrane for root coverage procedures achieves objectives, such as complete root coverage (CRC), stable results, and good esthetics in the form of uniform gingival color and contour. The results of six such cases in a variety of clinical situations are presented.Case Series: Six cases of Miller Class II and III GR defects were treated using an ECM membrane. The flap operation was conducted with a trapezoidal or sulcular flap, followed by placement of the ECM over the GR defect. A follow‐up range of ≤15 months showed complete (two cases) to partial (four cases) root coverage and an increase in tissue thickness.Conclusion: These results suggest that the use of an ECM membrane is a viable alternative to the use of autogenous grafts when treating GR defects or for soft‐tissue thickness augmentation.
Management of Retrograde Peri‐Implantitis by Apical Resection and Guided Bone Regeneration in Adjacent Maxillary Implants
Authors: Thompson‐Sloan Tamika N. , Kolhatkar Shilpa , Bhola Monish 
Published: April 2012

Introduction: Retrograde peri‐implantitis (RPI) is defined as a clinically symptomatic periapical lesion that develops shortly after implant insertion while the coronal portion of the implant sustains a normal bone‐to‐implant interface. The etiology of RPI is unclear and may be attributed to several causes. Regardless of etiology, the management of RPI has been attempted by either resective or regenerative techniques.Case Presentation: A 61‐year‐old male was screened and evaluated for three maxillary anterior implants placed 10 years previously. Evaluation included a thorough periodontal and dental exam, radiographs, and cone‐beam computed tomography. Probing depths around all implants ranged from 2 to 4 mm with no bleeding on probing/mobility. The apices of implants #8 and #9 exhibited radiolucencies, and a draining fistula was associated with implant #8. Treatment consisted of sectioning and removal of the affected portion of the implants and collection of a specimen for histopathologic examination. Demineralized bone matrix putty was placed in the residual bony defects and covered with a collagen barrier. At 1 year, radiographs revealed both lesions around implants #8 and #9 appeared to be resolving. The lesion associated with implant #9 had a more remarkable radiographic change, because it was smaller than the lesion around implant #8. Both implants continued to function with no recurrence of fistula formation. Histopathologic analysis was consistent with the diagnosis of a periapical granuloma.Conclusion: Resection of the apical portion of implants is a viable treatment modality in the management of RPI.
Is There an Interaction Between Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and Gingival Inflammation?
Authors: Özçaka Özgün , Ceyhan Banu Öztürk , Akcali Aliye , Biçakci Nurgün , Lappin David F. , Buduneli Nurcan 
Published: April 2012

Background: The aim of this study is to evaluate the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF), saliva, and serum concentrations of tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α), TNF‐α receptor‐1 (TNF‐αR1), TNF‐αR2, and interleukin‐6 (IL‐6) in non‐obese females with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and either clinically healthy periodontium or gingivitis.Methods: Thirty‐one females with PCOS and healthy periodontium, 30 females with PCOS and gingivitis, and 12 systemically and periodontally healthy females were included in the study. GCF, saliva, and serum samples were collected, and clinical periodontal measurements, body mass index, and Ferriman‐Gallwey score (FGS) were recorded. Sex hormones, cortisol, and insulin levels were measured. TNF‐α, TNF‐αR1, TNF‐αR2, and IL‐6 were determined by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. Kruskal‐Wallis followed by Bonferroni‐corrected post hoc Mann‐Whitney U tests were used to analyze the data.Results: The PCOS + gingivitis group revealed significantly higher GCF, saliva, and serum IL‐6 concentrations than the PCOS + healthy group (P <0.0001). The two PCOS groups exhibited significantly higher saliva TNF‐α concentrations than the control group (P = 0.024 and P = 0.013, respectively). The FGS index was significantly higher in the PCOS + gingivitis group than the PCOS + healthy group (P = 0.030). The PCOS + gingivitis group revealed significantly higher insulin concentration than the PCOS + healthy and control groups (P = 0.014 and P <0.0001, respectively). Serum TNF‐α, TNF‐αRs, and serum, GCF, and salivary IL‐6 levels correlated with the clinical periodontal measurements.Conclusions: PCOS and gingival inflammation appear to act synergistically on the proinflammatory cytokines IL‐6 and TNF‐α. Thus, PCOS may have an impact on gingival inflammation or vice versa. Additional studies are warranted to clarify the possible relationship between PCOS and periodontal disease.
Effect of the Timing of Restoration on Implant Marginal Bone Loss: A Systematic Review
Authors: Suarez Fernando , Chan Hsun‐Liang , Monje Alberto , Galindo‐Moreno Pablo , Wang Hom‐Lay 
Published: April 2012

Background: The advancement in implant dentistry has allowed shortened treatment time by restoring the implants earlier. Whether the timing of restoration has an impact on implant marginal bone level has not been systematically analyzed. The aim of this study is to compare marginal bone loss (MBL) between implants that were restored with the following protocols: 1) immediate restoration/loading (IR/L); 2) early loading (EL); and 3) conventional loading (CL).Methods: An electronic literature search from three databases (until November 2011) and a hand search in implant‐related journals were conducted. Clinical human studies in English language that had reported a comparison of MBL between implants with IR/L, EL, or CL with ≥12‐month follow‐up were included. In addition, the minimal number of implants had to be 10 for each group. Implants with both immediate placement (IP) and delayed placement (DP) were included and analyzed separately. An assessment of the publication bias for the included randomized clinical trials (RCTs) was performed.Results: The initial search resulted in 1,640 articles, of which 27 articles in full text were further evaluated for eligibility. Finally, 11 studies (eight RCTs, two controlled clinical trials, and one retrospective study) were qualified and classified into four groups: 1) IR/L + DP versus CL + DP (n = 6 articles); 2) IR + DP versus EL + DP (n = 2 articles); 3) EL + DP versus CL + DP (n = 1 article); and (4) IL + IP versus CL + IP (n = 2 articles). A meta‐analysis performed for group 1 showed 0.09 mm (95% confidence interval = −0.27 to 0.09 mm) difference in the mean MBL, favoring the IR/L protocol but without significant difference (P = 0.33). No significant difference in MBL was found for groups 2 through 4 after adjusting for the implant placement level. The eight RCTs were determined to be at moderate‐to‐high risk of publication bias.Conclusions: This meta‐analysis does not show an effect of the timing of restorations on implant MBL. The selection of restoration protocols should be based on factors other than MBL.
Voluntary Disclosure Incentives and Earnings Informativeness
Authors: Roychowdhury Sugata , Sletten Ewa 
Published: April 2012

ABSTRACT
We propose that the value of the earnings reporting process as an information source lies in limiting delays in the release of bad news, either by inducing managers to disclose it voluntarily or by directly releasing the negative news that managers have incentives to withhold. We compare earnings informativeness in bad-news and good-news quarters. Using returns to measure news, we find, consistent with our prediction, that earnings informativeness relative to other sources is higher in bad-news quarters than in good-news quarters. Further, cross-sectional tests indicate that earnings differential informativeness in bad-news quarters is more pronounced when managers do not voluntarily disclose the news, information asymmetry is stronger, and managers are net sellers of stock.
JEL Classifications: G3; M4; M40; M41; M48.
Data Availability: Data are available from Compustat, CRSP, First Call, I/B/E/S, ISSM, TAQ, and Thompson Financial.
Two-jets of conformal fields along their zero sets
Authors: Derdzinski Andrzej 
Published: April 2012

Abstract
The connected components of the zero set of any conformal vector field v, in a pseudo-Riemannian manifold (M, g) of arbitrary signature, are of two types, which may be called ‘essential’ and ‘nonessential’. The former consist of points at which v is essential, that is, cannot be turned into a Killing field by a local conformal change of the metric. In a component of the latter type, points at which v is nonessential form a relatively-open dense subset that is at the same time a totally umbilical submanifold of (M, g). An essential component is always a null totally geodesic submanifold of (M, g), and so is the set of those points in a nonessential component at which v is essential (unless this set, consisting precisely of all the singular points of the component, is empty). Both kinds of null totally geodesic submanifolds arising here carry a 1-form, defined up to multiplications by functions without zeros, which satisfies a projective version of the Killing equation. The conformal-equivalence type of the 2-jet of v is locally constant along the nonessential submanifold of a nonessential component, and along an essential component on which the distinguished 1-form is nonzero. The characteristic polynomial of the 1-jet of v is always locally constant along the zero set.
Baryon number cumulants and proton number cumulants in relativistic heavy ion collisions
Authors: Asakawa Masayuki 
Published: April 2012

Abstract
Baryon number cumulants are invaluable tools to diagnose the primordial stage of heavy ion collisions. In experiments, however, proton number cumulants have been measured as substitutes. In fact, proton number fluctuations are further modified in the hadron phase and different from those of baryon number. We give formulas that express the baryon number cumulants solely in terms of proton number fluctuations, which are experimentally observable.
Wireless communication for control of manipulation systems
Authors: Belda Květoslav , Rychnovský Václav , Píša Pavel 
Published: April 2012

Wireless communication for control of manipulation systemsThe paper deals with a novel application of the wireless data communication for a continual control of the distributed manipulation systems. The solution is intended for industrial robotic plants. A considered way of the wireless communication is based on ZigBee protocol. The protocol is tested for a real time bidirectional data communication within a manipulation system. The system consists of several moving manipulation units, several stationary auxiliary units and one control computer. The computer provides the cooperation of all units in the system in relation to the user requirements. The system is controlled by a simple feedback multi-level control realized in MATLAB - Simulink environment. The paper is focused on the realization of the boards of power electronics, transmitters, optical positional sensors, optical gates and their networking in accordance with ZigBee protocol definition. The behavior of the ZigBee is illustrated by several records from real experiments.