bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sequential Volume Reduction With Capsular Plications
Authors: Ponce Brent A. , Rosenzweig Seth D. , Thompson Kevin J. , Tokish John 
Published: February 2011

Purpose: To quantify the relationship between the amount of shoulder capsule imbricated with a simple stitch and the degree of glenohumeral volume reduction in a multidirectional instability model. Secondary purposes were to identify the number of arthroscopic plication stitches required to reduce the shoulder volume equal to that of an open lateral-based inferior capsular shift and to compare volume reductions between suture anchor and suture-only capsular plication stitches. Study Design: Controlled laboratory study. Methods: Twelve fresh-frozen cadaveric shoulders (mean age, 64.4 years) were dissected to the level of the rotator cuff. A viscous liquid was injected into each joint, and measurements were taken before and after six 1-cm arthroscopic capsular plication stitches were performed. The sizes of the capsular plications were measured to quantify the amount of capsule imbricated with each simple stitch. A repeated random-intercept regression model was fitted for each outcome, with significance set at P = .05. Results: There was a near-linear relationship, with each 1 cm of total plication equaling 10% volume reduction up to 4.0 cm. After this, each additional 1-cm plication stitch resulted in 2% to 6% more reduction (mean, 4%). Five simple plication stitches reduced the volume by 52% in the suture anchor group and 49% in the suture-only group. The suture anchor achieved 3% greater volumetric reduction than the suture-only plication stitches, but this effect was not statistically significant ( P = .06). Conclusion/Clinical Relevance: A 1-cm capsular plication stitch results in a roughly 10% volume reduction of the glenohumeral joint. Five simple capsular plication stitches result in a volume reduction equivalent to an open lateral-based capsular shift.
Effect of Complications After Minimally Invasive Surgical Repair of Acute Achilles Tendon Ruptures
Authors: Metz Roderik , van der Heijden Geert J. M. G. , Verleisdonk Egbert-Jan M. M. , Kolfschoten Nicky , Verhofstad Michiel H. J. , van der Werken Christiaan 
Published: February 2011

Background: Complications of acute Achilles tendon rupture treatment are considered to negatively influence outcome, but the relevance of these effects is largely unknown. Purpose: The Achilles Tendon Total Rupture Score (ATRS) was used to determine level of disability in patients with minimally invasive surgical Achilles tendon rupture repair with a complicated postoperative course. Study Design: Case series; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: The charts of 340 consecutive patients treated for an acute Achilles tendon rupture by minimally invasive surgical repair were reviewed. Complications were categorized as rerupture, severe wound infection, sural nerve injury, and other. Level of disability was evaluated by the 10-item ATRS with a sum score of minimum 0 to maximum 100 points. Results: A total of 211 patients returned a completed questionnaire: mean follow-up was 6.2 years (range, 3-10 years). Mean ATRS for all 211 patients was 84 (95% confidence interval: 82, 87). The mean ATRS for the 135 (64%) uncomplicated cases was 89 of 100 points, 71 points for the 17 (8%) patients with a rerupture (95% confidence interval: 63, 79; P < .0001), 79 points for the 41 patients (19%) with a sural nerve injury (95% confidence interval: 74, 85; P = .0008), and 75 points for the 17 patients (8%) with another complication (95% confidence interval: 67, 83; P = .001). Of these other complications, 13 patients (6%) suffered a wound-healing complication considered minor. Their average ATRS score was 80 points (95% confidence interval: 71, 88.7; P = .0445). One patient suffered a severe wound infection as well, scoring 28 of 100 points. Rerupture significantly increased the risk of quitting or changing sport participation on the long term. Conclusion: Long-term outcome after minimally invasive Achilles tendon rupture repair is excellent. Rerupture and severe wound infection are the most important complications with lasting negative effect on outcome. It justifies the use of rerupture as a relevant outcome measure in treatment evaluation.
Evi1 represses PTEN expression and activates PI3K/AKT/mTOR via interactions with polycomb proteins
Authors: Yoshimi Akihide , Goyama Susumu , Watanabe-Okochi Naoko , Yoshiki Yumiko , Nannya Yasuhito , Nitta Eriko , Arai Shunya , Sato Tomohiko , Shimabe Munetake , Nakagawa Masahiro , Imai Yoichi , Kitamura Toshio , Kurokawa Mineo 
Published: February 2011

AbstractEvi1 (ecotropic viral integration site 1) is essential for proliferation of hematopoietic stem cells and implicated in the development of myeloid disorders. Particularly, high Evi1 expression defines one of the largest clusters in acute myeloid leukemia and is significantly associated with extremely poor prognosis. However, mechanistic basis of Evi1-mediated leukemogenesis has not been fully elucidated. Here, we show that Evi1 directly represses phosphatase and tensin homologue deleted on chromosome 10 (PTEN) transcription in the murine bone marrow, which leads to activation of AKT/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling. In a murine bone marrow transplantation model, Evi1 leukemia showed modestly increased sensitivity to an mTOR inhibitor rapamycin. Furthermore, we found that Evi1 binds to several polycomb group proteins and recruits polycomb repressive complexes for PTEN down-regulation, which shows a novel epigenetic mechanism of AKT/mTOR activation in leukemia. Expression analyses and ChIPassays with human samples indicate that our findings in mice models are recapitulated in human leukemic cells. Dependence of Evi1-expressing leukemic cells on AKT/mTOR signaling provides the first example of targeted therapeutic modalities that suppress the leukemogenic activity of Evi1. The PTEN/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway and the Evi1-polycomb interaction can be promising therapeutic targets for leukemia with activated Evi1.
Lentiviral gene transfer regenerates hematopoietic stem cells in a mouse model for Mpl-deficient aplastic anemia
Authors: Heckl Dirk , Wicke Daniel C. , Brugman Martijn H. , Meyer Johann , Schambach Axel , Büsche Guntram , Ballmaier Matthias , Baum Christopher , Modlich Ute 
Published: February 2011

AbstractThpo/Mpl signaling plays an important role in the maintenance of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) in addition to its role in megakaryopoiesis. Patients with inactivating mutations in Mpl develop thrombocytopenia and aplastic anemia because of progressive loss of HSCs. Yet, it is unknown whether this loss of HSCs is an irreversible process. In this study, we used the Mpl knockout (Mpl−/−) mouse model and expressed Mpl from newly developed lentiviral vectors specifically in the physiologic Mpl target populations, namely, HSCs and megakaryocytes. After validating lineage-specific expression in vivo using lentiviral eGFP reporter vectors, we performed bone marrow transplantation of transduced Mpl−/− bone marrow cells into Mpl−/− mice. We show that restoration of Mpl expression from transcriptionally targeted vectors prevents lethal adverse reactions of ectopic Mpl expression, replenishes the HSC pool, restores stem cell properties, and corrects platelet production. In some mice, megakaryocyte counts were atypically high, accompanied by bone neo-formation and marrow fibrosis. Gene-corrected Mpl−/− cells had increased long-term repopulating potential, with a marked increase in lineage−Sca1+cKit+ cells and early progenitor populations in reconstituted mice. Transcriptome analysis of lineage−Sca1+cKit+ cells in Mpl-corrected mice showed functional adjustment of genes involved in HSC self-renewal.
Evaluation of Ergocalciferol or Cholecalciferol Dosing, 1,600 IU Daily or 50,000 IU Monthly in Older Adults
Authors: Binkley N. , Gemar D. , Engelke J. , Gangnon R. , Ramamurthy R. , Krueger D. , Drezner M. K. 
Published: February 2011

Abstract

Context:
Whether ergocalciferol (D2) and cholecalciferol (D3) are equally effective to increase and maintain serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] concentration is controversial.

Objective:
The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of daily and once monthly dosing of D2 or D3 on circulating 25(OH)D and serum and urinary calcium.

Design, Setting and Participants:
In a university clinical research setting, 64 community dwelling adults age 65+ were randomly assigned to receive daily (1,600 IU) or once-monthly (50,000 IU) D2 or D3 for 1 yr.

Main Outcome Measures:
Serum 25(OH)D, serum calcium, and 24-h urinary calcium were measured at months 0, 1, 2, 3, 6, 9, and 12. Serum PTH, bone-specific alkaline phosphatase, and N-telopeptide were measured at months 0, 3, 6, and 12.

Results:
Serum 25(OH)D was less than 30 ng/ml in 40% of subjects at baseline; after 12 months of vitamin D dosing, levels in 19% of subjects (n = 12, seven receiving daily doses and five monthly doses) remained low, despite compliance of more than 91%. D2 dosing increased 25(OH)D2 but produced a decline (P &lt; 0.0001) in 25(OH)D3. Substantial between-individual variation in 25(OH)D response was observed for both D2 and D3. The highest 25(OH)D observed was 72.5 ng/ml. Vitamin D administration did not alter serum calcium, PTH, bone-specific alkaline phosphatase, N-telopeptide, or 24-h urine calcium.

Conclusions:
Overall, D3 is slightly, but significantly, more effective than D2 to increase serum 25(OH)D. One year of D2 or D3 dosing (1,600 IU daily or 50,000 IU monthly) does not produce toxicity, and 25(OH)D levels of less than 30 ng/ml persist in approximately 20% of individuals. Substantial between-individual response to administered vitamin D2 or D3 is observed.
The Effect of Very-Low-Calorie Diet on mRNA Expression of Inflammation-Related Genes in Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue and Peripheral Monocytes of Obese Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Mraz M. , Lacinova Z. , Drapalova J. , Haluzikova D. , Horinek A. , Matoulek M. , Trachta P. , Kavalkova P. , Svacina S. , Haluzik M. 
Published: February 2011

AbstractContext:Low-grade inflammation links obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and cardiovascular diseases.Objective:To explore the expression profile of genes involved in inflammatory pathways in adipose tissue and peripheral monocytes (PM) of obese patients with and without T2DM at baseline and after dietary intervention.Design:Two-week intervention study with very-low-calorie diet (VLCD).Setting:University hospital.Patients:Twelve obese females with T2DM, 8 obese nondiabetic females (OB) and 15 healthy age-matched females.Intervention:Two weeks of VLCD (2500 kJ/d).Main Outcome Measures:Metabolic parameters, circulating cytokines, hormones, and mRNA expression of 39 genes in sc adipose tissue (SCAT) and PM.Results:Both T2DM and OB group had significantly increased serum concentrations of circulating proinflammatory factors (C-reactive protein, TNFα, IL-6, IL-8), mRNA expression of macrophage antigen CD68 and proinflammatory chemokines (CCL-2, -3, -7, -8, -17, -22) in SCAT and complementary chemokine receptors (CCR-1, -2, -3, -5) and other proinflammatory receptors (toll-like receptor 2 and 4, TNF receptor superfamily 1A and 1B, IL-6R) in PM, with OB group showing less pronounced chemoattracting and proinflammatory profile compared to T2DM group. In T2DM patients VLCD decreased body weight, improved metabolic profile, and decreased mRNA expression of up-regulated CCRs in PM and chemokines [CCL 8, chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 10] in SCAT. VLCD markedly increased mRNA expression of T-lymphocyte attracting chemokine CCL-17 in SCAT.Conclusion:Obese patients with and without T2DM have increased mRNA expression of chemotactic and proinflammatory factors in SCAT and expression of corresponding receptors in PM. Two weeks of VLCD significantly improved this profile in T2DM patients.
Effect of Bariatric Surgery-Induced Weight Loss on SR-BI-, ABCG1-, and ABCA1-Mediated Cellular Cholesterol Efflux in Obese Women
Authors: Aron-Wisnewsky Judith , Julia Zélie , Poitou Christine , Bouillot Jean-Luc , Basdevant Arnaud , Chapman M. John , Clement Karine , Guerin Maryse 
Published: February 2011

AbstractAim:We tested the hypothesis that quantitative changes in high-density lipoprotein (HDL) particles weight loss induced by Roux-en-Y bypass (RYGBP) in morbidly obese subjects might be associated with improved functionality of these particles in the reverse cholesterol transport pathway.Methods and Results:Thirty-four morbidly obese women were recruited and followed up before and 6 months after RYGBP. After surgery, along with a major weight loss (−20%; P &lt; 0.0001), we observed a significant increase in HDL mass concentration (+14%; P &lt; 0.04), reflecting a specific increase in large HDL2 subfraction levels (+42%; P &lt; 0.01), whereas those of HDL3 remained unchanged. Cholesterol ester transfer protein activity decreased significantly (−15%; P &lt; 0.0001). Efflux capacity of total plasma increased significantly via both scavenger receptor class B type I (SR-BI) (+58%; P &lt; 0.0001) and ATP binding cassette G1 (ABCG1) (+26%; P &lt; 0.0001) pathways. Such enhanced capacity resulted from increased capacity of HDL2 particles to mediate cholesterol efflux through the SR-BI pathway (+56%, P &lt; 0.001) and from the increase plasma level of cholesteryl ester-rich HDL2 particles for the ABCG1 pathway.Conclusion:RYGBP-induced weight loss results in improvement in atherogenic lipid profile including a shift toward a more cardioprotective HDL subfraction profile. In addition, our in vitro studies demonstrated an increased in plasma efflux capacity via both SR-BI and ABCG1 after surgery.
The Akt-Specific Inhibitor MK2206 Selectively Inhibits Thyroid Cancer Cells Harboring Mutations That Can Activate the PI3K/Akt Pathway
Authors: Liu Ruixin , Liu Dingxie , Trink Eliana , Bojdani Ermal , Ning Guang , Xing Mingzhao 
Published: February 2011

AbstractContext:The phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt pathway is widely postulated to be an effective therapeutic target in thyroid cancer.Objective:The aim of the study was to test the therapeutic potential of the novel Akt inhibitor MK2206 for thyroid cancer.Design:We examined the effects of MK2206 on thyroid cancer cells with respect to the genotypes of the PI3K/Akt pathway.Results:Proliferation of thyroid cancer cells OCUT1, K1, FTC133, C643, Hth7, and TPC1, which harbored PIK3CA, PTEN, Ras, or RET/PTC mutations that could activate the PI3K/Akt pathway, was potently inhibited by MK2206 with IC50 values mostly below or around 0.5 μm. In contrast, no potent inhibition by MK2206 was seen in most of the Hth74, KAT18, SW1736, WRO, and TAD2 cells that did not harbor mutations in the PI3K/Akt pathway. The inhibition efficacy was also genetic-selective. Specifically, the average inhibition efficacies were 59.2 ± 11.3 vs. 36.4 ± 8.8% (P = 0.005) at 1 μm MK2206 and 64.4 ± 11.5 vs. 38.5 ± 18.9% (P = 0.02) at 3 μm MK2206 for cells with mutations vs. cells without. The SW1736 cell, lacking mutations in the PI3K/Akt pathway, had minimal response to MK2206, but transfection with exogenous PIK3CA mutants, PIK3CA H1047R and E545K, significantly increased its sensitivity to MK2206. MK2206 also completely overcame the feedback activation of Akt from temsirolimus-induced mammalian target of rapamycin suppression, and the two inhibitors synergistically inhibited thyroid cancer cell growth.Conclusions:Our study demonstrates a genetic selectivity of MK2206 in inhibiting thyroid cancer cells by targeting the PI3K/Akt pathway, supporting a clinical trial in thyroid cancer.
Exploring the Adult Life of Men and Women With Fragile X Syndrome: Results From a National Survey
Authors: Hartley Sigan L , Seltzer Marsha Mailick , Raspa Melissa , Olmstead Murrey , Bishop Ellen , Bailey, Donald B 
Published: February 2011

Abstract
Using data from a national family survey, the authors describe the adult lives (i.e., residence, employment, level of assistance needed with everyday life, friendships, and leisure activities) of 328 adults with the full mutation of the FMR1 gene and identify characteristics related to independence in these domains. Level of functional skills was the strongest predictor of independence in adult life for men, whereas ability to interact appropriately was the strongest predictor for women. Co-occurring mental health conditions influenced independence in adult life for men and women, in particular, autism spectrum disorders for men and affect problems for women. Services for adults with fragile X syndrome should not only target functional skills but interpersonal skills and co-occurring mental health conditions.
Accounting for the “Down Syndrome Advantage”
Authors: Esbensen Anna J , Seltzer Marsha Mailick 
Published: February 2011

Abstract
The authors examined factors that could explain the higher levels of psychosocial well being observed in past research in mothers of individuals with Down syndrome compared with mothers of individuals with other types of intellectual disabilities. The authors studied 155 mothers of adults with Down syndrome, contrasting factors that might validly account for the “Down syndrome advantage” (behavioral phenotype) with those that have been portrayed in past research as artifactual (maternal age, social supports). The behavioral phenotype predicted less pessimism, more life satisfaction, and a better quality of the mother–child relationship. However, younger maternal age and fewer social supports, as well as the behavioral phenotype, predicted higher levels of caregiving burden. Implications for future research on families of individuals with Down syndrome are discussed.
Secondary Conditions in People With Developmental Disability
Authors: Koritsas Stella , Iacono Teresa 
Published: February 2011

AbstractThe authors investigated secondary conditions in people with developmental disabilities in terms of (a) the average number of conditions experienced and overall health and independence, (b) their degree and nature, and (c) gender differences. Information was obtained by a questionnaire completed by the caregivers for 659 people with developmental disabilities. Participants experienced an average of 11.3 secondary conditions. Secondary conditions causing significant limitations were reading difficulties, communication, physical fitness–conditioning, personal hygiene–appearance, weight, dental and oral hygiene, and memory problems. Some gender differences emerged in overall health scores and limitations due to secondary conditions.
Peer-Related Social Competence of Young Children With Down Syndrome
Authors: Guralnick Michael J , Connor Robert T , Johnson L. Clark 
Published: February 2011

AbstractThe peer-related social competence of children with Down syndrome was examined in an observational study. Dyadic interactions with peers of children with Down syndrome were compared with the dyadic interactions of matched groups of typically developing children and with playmates differing in both familiarity and social skills. Results suggested that both risk and protective factors influenced the peer interactions of children with Down syndrome. Recommendations are made for applying contemporary models of peer-related social competence to etiologic subgroups to better understand the mechanisms involved and to provide direction for the design of intervention programs.
Parkinson's disease – the continuing search for biomarkers
Authors: Breen David P. , Michell Andrew W. , Barker Roger A. 
Published: February 2011

Abstract
There is currently no well-established biomarker for Parkinson's disease. The need to better diagnose the condition, define the subtypes of disease, and follow its course independent of any symptomatic drug effects is well-established. In this review, we will begin by reviewing the evidence for biological fluid biomarkers in Parkinson's disease. We will then touch upon the role of brain imaging in diagnosis and defining prognosis, as well as the value of studying motor phenotype and its potential applications for characterising Parkinson's disease subtypes with differing natural histories.
Clauss assay and fibrinogen protein estimated by capillary zone electrophoresis
Authors: Lebitasy Massin Precieux , Latinne Dominique , Maisin Diane , Vertommen Didier , Eeckhoudt Stephane 
Published: February 2011

Abstract

Background: The clottability and the amount of total protein in fibrinogen provide information about qualitative or quantitative alterations. We aimed to evaluate whether capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) Capillarys II analyzer with the protein 6 buffer is able to estimate the amount of fibrinogen antigen.

Methods: Citrated plasmas were assayed for clottable fibrinogen, and any relationship with the β2-globulin fraction (percentage of the area under the curve) was evaluated. The integration method used was “tangent skimming” in order to reduce the overestimation due to high protein background. Linearity was optimized according to the ICH Q2R1 recommendations and evaluated using polynomial regression. The precision was computed in accordance with the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute EP5-A2 protocol. In patients, clottable fibrinogen (Clauss method) was compared to its protein CZE amount by Passing and Bablok regression and the Bland-Altman plot.

Results: The correlation was linear y=0.0744+0.8991x (R2=0.9707) within the range of 2.26–17.26 μmol/L. The repeatability and the within-device precision were <15% for three levels of percentage of the β2-globulin fraction (1.61%, 3.51%, and 9.24%). In patients, clottable fibrinogen and its protein amount were similar (–0.1779+0.9654x). The ratio activity/protein was 1.08±0.32 (mean±2 SD).

Conclusions: CZE with the Capillarys II and the buffer protein 6 is an easy method. It is a good candidate for estimation of the concentration of fibrinogen antigen, which may have diagnostic utility for the screening of quantitative or qualitative fibrinogen abnormalities.
Analytical variability in sport hematology: its importance in an antidoping setting
Authors: Banfi Giuseppe , Lombardi Giovanni , Colombini Alessandra , Lippi Giuseppe 
Published: February 2011

Abstract
Hematologic parameters are commonly utilized in sports medicine and antidoping testing. However, there are no universally accepted methodologies for comparing the performance of automated blood analyzer systems. To address this problem, we selected and examined 19 studies from a review of literature published from 2000 to 2010. Meaningful discrepancies were found between measurements obtained with different analytical systems. Because harmonization and clear standardization of methods are lacking, the analytical variability often largely exceeds intra- and inter-individual biological differences, producing equivocal test results unreliable for clinical and antidoping testing. A central criticality to applying the Bayesian approach is analytical variability, but the use of different analytical technologies precludes the comparison of inter-methods for determining the robustness of blood variables and their clinical significance. Therefore, future multicenter studies are needed to compare analytical methodologies and blood analyzer systems, and to establish worldwide-accepted standards and quality control protocols.