bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tumor treating fields for newly diagnosed high‐grade glioma based on the criteria of 2021 WHO CNS5: A retrospective analysis of Chinese patients in a single center
Authors: Zhang Li , Ren Yanming , Peng Youheng , Luo Yong , Liu Yanhui , Wang Xiang , Yang Yuan , Liu Lei , Ai Ping , Yang Xiaoyan , Li Yanchu , Mao Qing , Wang Feng 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackground and ObjectiveHigh‐grade glioma (HGG) is known to be characterized by a high degree of malignancy and a worse prognosis. The classical treatment is safe resection supplemented by radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Tumor treating fields (TTFields), an emerging physiotherapeutic modality that targets malignant solid tumors using medium‐frequency, low‐intensity, alternating electric fields to interfere with cell division, have been used for the treatment of new diagnosis of glioblastoma, however, their administration in HGG requires further clinical evidence. The efficacy and safety of TTFields in Chinese patients with HGG were retrospectively evaluated by us in a single center.MethodsWe enrolled and analyzed 52 patients with newly diagnosed HGG undergoing surgery and standard chemoradiotherapy regimens from December 2019 to June 2022, and followed them until June 2023. Based on whether they used TTFields, they were divided into a TTFields group and a non‐TTFields group. Progression‐free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were compared between the two groups.ResultsThere were 26 cases in the TTFields group and 26 cases in the non‐TTFields group. In the TTFields group, the median PFS was 14.2 months (95% CI: 9.50–18.90), the median OS was 19.7 months (95% CI: 14.95–24.25) , the median interval from surgery to the start of treatment with TTFields was 2.47 months (95% CI: 1.47–4.13), and the median duration of treatment with TTFields was 10.6 months (95% CI: 9.57–11.63). 15 (57.69%) patients experienced an adverse event and no serious adverse event was reported. In the non‐TTFields group, the median PFS was 9.57 months (95% CI: 6.23–12.91) and the median OS was 16.07 months (95% CI: 12.90–19.24). There was a statistically significant difference in PFS (p = 0.005) and OS (p = 0.007) between the two groups.ConclusionsIn this retrospective analysis, TTFields were observed to improve newly diagnosed HGG patients' median PFS and OS. Compliance was much higher than reported in clinical trials and safety remained good.
Identification ofPSMD11as a novel cuproptosis‐ and immune‐related prognostic biomarker promoting lung adenocarcinoma progression
Authors: Huang Qiumin , Tian Ran , Yu Jinxi , Du Wei 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundDue to the unfavorable prognosis associated with lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD), the development of targeted therapies and immunotherapies is essential. Cuproptosis, an emerging form of regulated cell death, is implicated in mitochondrial metabolism and is induced by copper ions. This study aimed to explore the prognostic value of cuproptosis‐ and immune‐related genes (CIRGs) in LUAD.MethodsWe used The Cancer Genome Atlas database to develop a prognostic prediction model for LUAD patients based on eight CIRGs. Using Cox regression analysis, we determined that the CIRG signature is a reliable, independent prognostic factor. We further identifiedPSMD11as a critical CIRG and performed immunohistochemistry to study the protein expression levels of PSMD11 in LUAD tissues. We also investigated the impact of PSMD11 on the biological behavior of lung cancer cell lines.ResultsWe found that patients with low PSMD11 expression levels displayed an improved prognosis compared with those with high PSMD11 expression levels. Overexpression ofPSMD11enhanced proliferation, migration, invasion, and tumor growth of lung carcinoma cell line A549, whilePSMD11knockdown diminished proliferation, migration, invasion, and tumor growth of lung carcinoma cell line PC9. Additionally, we discovered thatPSMD11expression was positively correlated with the infiltration of myeloid‐derived suppressor cells and the increased expression of immunosuppressive molecules.ConclusionThese findings suggest thatPSMD11may serve as a valuable prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target for LUAD.
Client subgroups in emotion‐focussed therapy: Exploring profiles in observable emotion
Authors: Pascual‐Leone Antonio , Cristoffanini Florencia , Sawashima Tsubasa 
Published: June 2024

AbstractObjectiveThe present study examined client profiles in observed emotion to explore possible subgroups among clients given that there is substantial heterogeneity in clients' expression of emotion in therapy. Subgroups were identified using the sequential model of emotional processing, which posits that global distress, shame/fear and rejecting anger represent ‘early expressions of distress’, whereas assertive anger, self‐compassion and grief/hurt are conceptualised to be ‘adaptive states’ that predict good outcomes. The present study also offers a unique strategy for studying differences in clients' emotional presentation with implications for within‐session assessment by therapists.MethodSections of videotaped therapy sessions for 34 participants in emotion‐focussed therapy were coded for each emotional state. Through cluster analysis, participants were grouped based on the relative magnitude of each emotion state in the model.ResultsIn the first set of analyses, two naturalistic groups were formed: Cluster 2 had higher levels of adaptive emotion and rejecting anger than Cluster 1. There was a significantly greater proportion of good within‐session outcomes in Cluster 2 than in Cluster 1. In the second set of analyses, a separate cluster analysis categorised participants based on their early expressions of distress. Four groups were described as follows: Distressed, Protesters, Fearful & Ashamed and Minimally Distressed. Only the Minimally Distressed group showed significantly higher rates of good within‐session outcome.DiscussionThese findings provide support for the emotional processing model by using novel methods and analyses. Although the findings are preliminary, they have implications for clinicians' assessments of clients' emotional needs and characteristic presentations.
Management of severe aortic stenosis in the presence of an 8 mm right coronary stent protrusion
Authors: Novelli Alexandra , Gogo Prospero , Dauerman Harold L. , Polomsky Marek 
Published: June 2024

AbstractManagement of a protruding coronary stent into the aortic root in patients undergoing evaluation for transcatheter aortic valve replacement can be challenging. We describe a patient treated with stent trimming and surgical aortic valve replacement, highlighting the importance of a multidisciplinary evaluation and selection process in this complex scenario.
Subtelomeric microdeletion in chromosome 20p13 associated with short stature
Authors: Liu J. , Li Y. , Andersson H. C. , Upadia J. 
Published: June 2024

Key Clinical MessageAmong the total 10 reported cases with 20p13 microdeletion, including our patient, it is notable that 50% of patients presented a height below the 3rd percentile. We suggest that short stature is among the most common manifestations in patients with 20p13 subtelomeric microdeletion.AbstractChromosome 20p13 microdeletion occurs rarely, with only 10 reported cases. We report a 16‐year‐old male with a 1.59 Mb terminal deletion in chromosome 20p13, who presented with proportionate short stature, mild language delay, mild learning disability, and delayed puberty. The clinical phenotype associated with this deletion can exhibit clinical variability. Our patient deviates from the typical developmental and intellectual phenotype seen in the 20p13 deletion, instead displaying mild speech delay, short stature, and delayed puberty. The CSNK2A1 deletion, leading to haploinsufficiency, might be the potential mechanism. And the prominence of his proportionate short stature provides a unique perspective to review the existing literature.
Optimization of Batch Cooling Crystallization of Sodium Phosphite Through Genetic Algorithm
Authors: Wang Zechen , Rao Silin , Li Bao , Wang Jingtao 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIn this paper, the seeded batch cooling crystallization of sodium phosphite (SP) is simulated and optimized through a coupled method of the genetic algorithm and nonlinear programming. At first, the modeling and simulation test methods of the crystallization process are applied for the crystallization of SP, which expands the relevant study of SP from the experiment to the simulation. A comprehensive model is established in MATLAB/Simulink, and based on this model, the results of the common cooling strategy (linear cooling) on the process are investigated. Meanwhile, the process sensitivity to the change of seeding conditions is analyzed. Then, the coupled optimization method based on the genetic algorithm and nonlinear programming is applied to optimize the crystallization process for the first time, and the obtained optimized cooling strategy is compared to the result of the traditional nonlinear programming method (NLPM). The traditional NLPM has more significant effects on large seeding mass and small mean size, while the coupled method has better adaptability. When the coefficient of variation is almost fixed, the cooling strategy obtained by the coupled method could produce more crystals with large mean size. In addition, the end of the process can be reached earlier. The results show that the coupled method is more suitable for the optimization of the batch cooling crystallization of SP.
Dietary choline intake and its association with asthma: A study based on the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey database
Authors: Shi Jiaqiang , Lin Yuming , Jiang Yingxiu , Qiu Guoguo , Jian Fanghua , Lin Wei , Zhang Shihao 
Published: June 2024

AbstractObjectiveThis work endeavored to examine the correlation between dietary choline intake and the odds of asthma, utilizing data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES).MethodsAggregated data from seven cycles (2005–2018) in the NHANES database were utilized. The independent variable was dietary choline intake, and the dependent variable was asthma. The weighted logistic regression method was used to construct a model reflecting the relationship between these two factors. This work employed stratified analysis without adjusting for confounding factors and subgroup analysis with adjusted confounding factors to mine the association between dietary choline intake and asthma. Additionally, restricted cubic spline analysis examined nonlinear associations of the two in age subgroups.ResultsForty five thousand and seven hundreds ninety seven samples were included here. The model indicating the relationship between dietary choline intake and asthma was constructed (OR: 0.86, 95% CI: 0.79–0.93, p < 0.001). Stratified analysis indicated that the interaction terms of age (p < 0.001) and body mass index (BMI) (p = 0.002) with dietary choline intake significantly influenced the relationship model. In the adjusted models, accounting for demographic characteristics, poverty impact ratio, BMI, exposure to environmental tobacco smoke, and total energy intake, an increase in dietary choline intake significantly reduced the odds of asthma (OR: 0.79, 95% CI: 0.72–0.88, p < 0.001). Subgroup analyses based on age and BMI revealed a significant negative correlation between dietary choline intake and the odds of asthma in the adult population (OR: 0.76, 95% CI: 0.67–0.86, p < 0.001), as well as in individuals with a BMI between 25 and 30 kg/m2 (OR: 0.79, 95% CI: 0.63–0.99, p = 0.042), and those with a BMI >30 kg/m2 (OR: 0.73, 95% CI: 0.60–0.89, p = 0.002).ConclusionDietary choline intake was significantly inversely correlated with asthma prevalence, especially in adults and overweight/obese individuals, suggesting that increasing choline intake may reduce asthma risk. Further research is needed to explore this relationship and provide tailored dietary recommendations for different age and BMI groups to enhance asthma prevention and management.
Dispositional Empathy Among Psychotherapists: A Latent Profile Analysis
Authors: Lachance Valerie , Laverdière Olivier , Kealy David , Ogrodniczuk John S. 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACTObjectiveThis study examined therapists' dispositional empathy profiles and how they differ based on professional and personal characteristics.MethodA total of 376 clinicians was recruited for this study. Dispositional empathy was assessed with the Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI). Profiles were generated using latent profile analysis. Predictors of profiles were assessed with multiple self‐report questionnaires measuring demographic and professional characteristics, romantic attachment styles, five‐factor personality traits and vulnerable narcissism.ResultsA four‐profile solution was retained with the following proportions: rational empathic (20%), disengaged/detached (10%), empathic immersion (35%) and insecure/self‐absorbed (35%). Overall, few relationships were found regarding demographic and professional characteristics. In contrast, significant relationships were found between profile membership and personal characteristics, including avoidant and anxious attachment, agreeableness, conscientiousness, neuroticism, intellect/imagination and vulnerable narcissism.ConclusionThe findings show that differences in therapists' empathic dispositions are linked to personality dimensions. Implications for psychotherapy research, practice and training are discussed.
Hot Exciton versus Hot Exciplex TADF Mechanism – Effect of the Donor‐Acceptor Functionalization Pattern on Anthracene‐based Emitters
Authors: Majer Felix , Roß Lars , Respondek A. Lennart , Bannwarth Christoph , Kuehne Alexander J. C. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractHot exciton emitters based on 9,10‐substituted anthracenes are a well‐investigated class of molecules featuring thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF). TADF converts triplet excitons into singlet excitons and improves the internal quantum efficiency of electroluminescent devices to performance beyond the limit of spin‐statistics of conventional emitters. In this paper, we compare different 1,8‐functionalized donor/acceptor‐substituted anthracenes and compare these to established 9,10‐functionalized hot exciton emitters. Interestingly, our new 1,8‐substituted anthracenes make use of a beneficial hot exciplex pathway, resulting in improved emission characteristics and higher photoluminescence quantum yield.
Ball‐Milling toward Nickel(II) Diphosphine Complexes for Direct Use in Catalysis
Authors: Pietras Natalia , Frąckowiak Dawid , Kownacki Ireneusz 
Published: June 2024

AbstractMechanochemistry turned out to be a powerful synthetic tool enabling the first efficient synthesis of nickel(II) complexes with diphosphines. It has been demonstrated that solventless ball‐milling of nickel(II) halides with diphosphines leads to the [NiX2(diphosphine)] type compounds, which can be directly used in catalysis without any purification. Moreover, it was confirmed that despite the presence of impurities in the resulting complexes, their catalytic activity remains identical to those obtained via traditional solvent‐based methods.
Stuttering in adolescence and the risk for dysglycemia in early adulthood
Authors: Rabotin Alexandra , Schwarz Yair , Pinhas‐Hamiel Orit , Amir Ofer , Derazne Estela , Tzur Dorit , Chodick Gabriel , Afek Arnon , Tsur Avishai M. , Twig Gilad 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAimsTo investigate the association between stuttering during adolescence and the onset of dysglycemia (prediabetes or type 2 diabetes) in early adulthood among men and women.Materials and MethodsThis cohort study included Maccabi Health Services members assessed for mandatory military service at ages 16–19 during 1990–2019 and followed until 31 December 2020. Stuttering status was recorded in the baseline medical evaluation. Incident cases of dysglycemia were identified systematically using prediabetes and diabetes registries. Cox proportional hazard models were applied for men and women separately, adjusting for sociodemographics and medical status.ResultsThe study cohort comprised 866,304 individuals (55% men; 0.21% with stuttering) followed for a total of 12,696,250 person‐years. During the study period, 7.6% (n = 36,603) of men and 9.0% (n = 34,723) of women were diagnosed with dysglycemia. The mean ages at diagnosis were 34 and 32 years for men and women, respectively. Women with stuttering exhibited the highest dysglycemia incidence rate (102.3 per 10,000 person‐years) compared with the other groups (61.4, 69.0, and 51.9 per 10,000 person‐years for women without stuttering, men with stuttering, and men without stuttering, respectively). For both men and women, those with stuttering showed an increased risk of being diagnosed with dysglycemia compared with those without (adjusted hazard ratios 1.18 [1.01–1.38] and 1.61 [1.15–2.26], respectively). The associations persisted in extensive sub‐analyses.ConclusionsStuttering in adolescence is associated with a higher risk of dysglycemia in early adulthood for men and women. Screening and targeted prevention in this population, especially women, may be beneficial.
Inferences about the population history of Rangifer tarandus from Y chromosome and mtDNA phylogenies
Authors: Bozlak Elif , Pokharel Kisun , Weldenegodguad Melak , Paasivaara Antti , Stammler Florian , Røed Knut H. , Kantanen Juha , Wallner Barbara 
Published: June 2024

AbstractReindeer, called caribou in North America, has a circumpolar distribution and all extant populations belong to the same species (Rangifer tarandus). It has survived the Holocene thanks to its immense adaptability and successful coexistence with humans in different forms of hunting and herding cultures. Here, we examine the paternal and maternal history of Rangifer based on robust Y‐chromosomal and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) trees representing Eurasian tundra reindeer, Finnish forest reindeer, Svalbard reindeer, Alaska tundra caribou, and woodland caribou. We first assembled Y‐chromosomal contigs, representing 1.3 Mb of single‐copy Y regions. Based on 545 Y‐chromosomal and 458 mtDNA SNPs defined in 55 males, maximum parsimony trees were created. We observed two well separated clades in both phylogenies: the “EuroBeringian clade” formed by animals from Arctic Islands, Eurasia, and a few from North America and the “North American clade” formed only by caribou from North America. The time calibrated Y tree revealed an expansion and dispersal of lineages across continents after the Last Glacial Maximum. We show for the first time unique paternal lineages in Svalbard reindeer and Finnish forest reindeer and reveal a circumscribed Y haplogroup in Fennoscandian tundra reindeer. The Y chromosome in domesticated reindeer is markedly diverse indicating that several male lineages have undergone domestication and less intensive selection on males. This study places R. tarandus onto the list of species with resolved Y and mtDNA phylogenies and builds the basis for studies of the distribution and origin of paternal and maternal lineages in the future.
Evaluation of flux and fate of plastic in terrestrial–aquatic–estuarine continuum by using an advanced process‐based model
Authors: Nakayama Tadanobu 
Published: June 2024

AbstractEnvironmental contamination by plastics has been receiving considerable attention from scientists, policy makers and the public during the last few decades. Though some of the models have succeeded in simulating the transport and fate of plastic debris in freshwater systems, a complete model is now being developed to clarify the dynamic characteristics of the plastic budget on a continental scale. Recently, the author linked two process‐based eco‐hydrology models, NICE (National Integrated Catchment‐based Eco‐hydrology) and NICE‐BGC (BioGeochemical Cycle), to a plastic debris model that accounts for both the transport and fate of plastic debris (advection, dispersion, diffusion, settling, dissolution and biochemical degradation by light and temperature) and applied these models on a regional scale and also for global major rivers. The present study was newly modified to incorporate the plastic dynamics in estuaries by extending the previous studies. The model was employed to conduct a 2‐year global simulation aimed at evaluating changes in plastic dynamics in major rivers including 130 tidal estuaries. The model simulated the impact of estuaries on plastic budget and its seasonal variability caused by settling, resuspension and bedload transport during 2014–2015. The model showed that plastics with smaller particle sizes account for more in the water of estuaries than that of rivers, and plastics with larger particle sizes accumulate more on the riverbed. The simulated result also showed that estuaries trap more plastic than lakes and riverbeds (0.218 ± 0.053 Tg/year) although not as much as reservoirs (0.386 ± 0.103 Tg/year). More than 40% of plastics were retained by lakes, reservoirs, riverbeds and estuaries and the riverine plastic transport to the ocean was revised from 1.749 ± 0.371 Tg/year in the author's previous study to 1.000 ± 0.397 Tg/year in the present study. These results aid the development of solutions and measures for the reduction of plastic input to the ocean and help quantify the magnitude of plastic transport under climate change.
Measuring complexity for hierarchical models using effective degrees of freedom
Authors: Thorson James T. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractHierarchical models can express ecological dynamics using a combination of fixed and random effects, and measurement of their complexity (effective degrees of freedom, EDF) requires estimating how much random effects are shrunk toward a shared mean. Estimating EDF is helpful to (1) penalize complexity during model selection and (2) to improve understanding of model behavior. I applied the conditional Akaike Information Criterion (cAIC) to estimate EDF from the finite‐difference approximation to the gradient of model predictions with respect to each datum. I confirmed that this has similar behavior to widely used Bayesian criteria, and I illustrated ecological applications using three case studies. The first compared model parsimony with or without time‐varying parameters when predicting density‐dependent survival, where cAIC favors time‐varying demographic parameters more than conventional Akaike Information Criterion. The second estimates EDF in a phylogenetic structural equation model, and identifies a larger EDF when predicting longevity than mortality rates in fishes. The third compares EDF for a species distribution model fitted for 20 bird species and identifies those species requiring more model complexity. These highlight the ecological and statistical insight from comparing EDF among experimental units, models, and data partitions, using an approach that can be broadly adopted for nonlinear ecological models.