bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Controls and relationships of soil organic carbon abundance and persistence vary across pedo‐climatic regions
Authors: von Fromm Sophie F. , Hoyt Alison M. , Sierra Carlos A. , Georgiou Katerina , Doetterl Sebastian , Trumbore Susan E. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractOne of the largest uncertainties in the terrestrial carbon cycle is the timing and magnitude of soil organic carbon (SOC) response to climate and vegetation change. This uncertainty prevents models from adequately capturing SOC dynamics and challenges the assessment of management and climate change effects on soils. Reducing these uncertainties requires simultaneous investigation of factors controlling the amount (SOC abundance) and duration (SOC persistence) of stored C. We present a global synthesis of SOC and radiocarbon profiles (nProfile = 597) to assess the timescales of SOC storage. We use a combination of statistical and depth‐resolved compartment models to explore key factors controlling the relationships between SOC abundance and persistence across pedo‐climatic regions and with soil depth. This allows us to better understand (i) how SOC abundance and persistence covary across pedo‐climatic regions and (ii) how the depth dependence of SOC dynamics relates to climatic and mineralogical controls on SOC abundance and persistence. We show that SOC abundance and persistence are differently related; the controls on these relationships differ substantially between major pedo‐climatic regions and soil depth. For example, large amounts of persistent SOC can reflect climatic constraints on soils (e.g., in tundra/polar regions) or mineral absorption, reflected in slower decomposition and vertical transport rates. In contrast, lower SOC abundance can be found with lower SOC persistence (e.g., in highly weathered tropical soils) or higher SOC persistence (e.g., in drier and less productive regions). We relate variable patterns of SOC abundance and persistence to differences in the processes constraining plant C input, microbial decomposition, vertical C transport and mineral SOC stabilization potential. This process‐oriented grouping of SOC abundance and persistence provides a valuable benchmark for global C models, highlighting that pedo‐climatic boundary conditions are crucial for predicting the effects of climate change and soil management on future C abundance and persistence.
RETRACTED: Influence of preoperative antituberculosis chemotherapy duration on perioperative complications in patients treated with epididymectomy for epididymal tuberculosis
Authors: Liu Pengju , Sun Jiazhu , Wang Yeqiang , Qin Yong , Liu Ben 
Published: May 2024

AbstractObjectivesWe aimed to investigate the influence of preoperative antituberculosis chemotherapy duration on perioperative epididymectomy complications in patients with epididymal tuberculosis (ETB).MethodsThis retrospective study examined patients with ETB between January 1, 2013, and March 31, 2023, who underwent unilateral epididymectomy at our hospital. We selected preoperative antituberculosis chemotherapy duration of 2, 4, and 8 weeks as the cutoffs for this study, to explore whether there are differences in the incidence of intraoperative and 30‐day postoperative complications among the patients with different preoperative antituberculosis chemotherapy durations. Intraoperative complications were graded according to the Satava classification, and 30‐day postoperative complications were defined according to the Clavien–Dindo classification. The study groups were compared using the unpaired t‐test, Wilcoxon rank‐sum test, Pearson's chi‐square test, or Fisher's exact test, as appropriate.ResultsOverall, 155 patients were included. Statistical analysis revealed that there were no significant differences in the incidence of intraoperative and 30‐day postoperative complications between patients with shorter preoperative antituberculosis chemotherapy duration and those with longer preoperative antituberculosis chemotherapy duration.ConclusionsIn patients with ETB, preoperative antituberculosis chemotherapy duration did not significantly affect the incidence of perioperative complications after epididymectomy.
Paxbp1 is indispensable for the maintenance of peripheral CD4 T cell homeostasis
Authors: Li Wenting , Yang Yang , Zhuo Fan , Liu Shenglin , Zhang Kaoyuan , Zhang Wei , Huang Cong , Yu Bo 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe size and condition of the peripheral CD4 T cell population determine the capacity of the immune response. Under homeostatic conditions, the size of the peripheral CD4 T cell population is maintained through turnover and survival. However, the underlying mechanisms remain inadequately understood. Here, we observed a significant decrease in the percentage of CD4 T cells in the periphery following the targeted deletion of the Paxbp1 gene in mouse T cells. In the absence of Paxbp1, naïve CD4 T cells displayed reduced surface interleukin‐7 receptor levels and a decreased capacity to respond to survival signals mediated by interleukin‐7. In addition, naïve CD4 T cells deficient in Paxbp1 demonstrated impaired T cell antigen receptor signalling, compromised cell cycle entry, decreased proliferation, and increased apoptosis following stimulation, all of which contributed to the reduction in the number of peripheral CD4 T cells. Therefore, our study highlights the indispensable role of Paxbp1 in maintaining peripheral CD4 T cell homeostasis.
A probabilistic bi‐objective model for a humanitarian location‐routing problem under uncertain demand and road closure
Authors: Temiz Sedanur , Kazanç Hande Cansın , Soysal Mehmet , Çimen Mustafa 
Published: May 2024

AbstractEffective planning and execution of humanitarian aid logistics activities ensure that disaster‐related losses are minimized. This study addresses a tactical‐level pre‐disaster humanitarian logistics problem where a decision‐maker decides on cross‐dock locations by taking potential vehicle routes into account. A decision support model is proposed for the location selection and distribution operations in humanitarian logistics with explicit fuel consumption estimation. In the addressed problem, the demand amount of each node depends on probabilistic disaster scenarios. Probabilities of whether each arc/road is open or closed and heterogeneous vehicle fleet in terms of vehicle sizes are also respected. The model is formulated as probabilistic bi‐objective mixed integer linear programming, whose objectives are minimization of the total cost (i.e., fuel cost, vehicle fixed cost, and fixed opening cost) and total travel time. To the best of our knowledge, the proposed decision support model is unique in terms of the features considered simultaneously. The applicability of the model is demonstrated by the case study and subsequent numerical analyses of a possible earthquake in the Kartal district of Istanbul. The proposed model is shown to have the potential to support decision‐makers in preparation for a disaster. A solution approach based on a clustering algorithm has been also proposed to solve larger instances of the problem. The effectiveness of this heuristic has been demonstrated through its application to larger‐scale problems.
Initial damage behavior of Al2O3‐modified SiCf/SiC–B4C composites after oxidation under wet atmosphere at 1200°C
Authors: Shan Qingliang , Tian Xiangkun , Xue Yudong , Hu Jianbao , You Xiao , Wu Bin , Qian Junjie , Wang Zhen 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAl2O3 was incorporated into SiCf/SiC–B4C composites to improve their mechanical properties after oxidation. The results showed that Al2O3 reduced the weight gain of these composites, and the oxidized layer became smooth and dense. The fibers pull‐out lengths of the Al2O3‐modified composites were longer than that of virgin composites oxidized for the same amount of time. Compared with the virgin composites, the tensile strength retention rate of Al2O3‐modified composites was improved by 7.3% and 8.4% after oxidation times of 50 and 100 h, respectively. But Al2O3 modification led to 20.6% and 44.3% improvements in σonset (acoustic emission, AE onset stress) as well as 76.5% and 95.5% the improvements in σmin (first AE stress), respectively. Further investigation indicated that a higher proportion of high‐energy level events occurred in the Al2O3‐modified composites when the load just reached the damage thresholds stress compared with the virgin composites.
Unravelling the complexity of research capacity strengthening for health professionals in low‐ and middle‐income countries: A concept analysis
Authors: Buser Julie M. , Capellari Emily , Wondafrash Mekitie , Gray Rachel , Morris Kirby L. , Jacobson‐Davies Faelan E. , Ntasumbumuyange Diomede , Kumakech Edward , Smith Yolanda R. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAimsResearch capacity strengthening (RCS) is crucial in enhancing healthcare outcomes, particularly in low‐ and middle‐income countries (LMICs), which face challenges due to limited resources, unequal access to care and the need for evidence‐based decision‐making. We seek to move beyond a surface‐level understanding of RCS, unearthing the core attributes, the factors that precede its implementation and the transformative outcomes it generates within the LMIC healthcare landscape.DesignThis study employs the Walker and Avant approach to concept analysis to comprehensively explore the dimensions and attributes of RCS as it pertains to allied and public health professionals in LMICs, propose empirical referents and suggest an operational definition.Data SourcesOvid MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL and Cochrane CENTRAL were searched from inception to 27 July 2023, to identify studies on RCS in LMICs. The Walker and Avant approach to concept analysis was selected because it provides a framework for systematically examining and clarifying the meaning and implications of RCS. This method involves a structured process of defining RCS, identifying its attributes, antecedents, consequences and cases, and ultimately providing a clear understanding of its meaning and implications. Identifying empirical referents offers measurable indicators that researchers and policymakers can use to assess the effectiveness of RCS initiatives in LMICs.ConclusionRCS for health professionals in LMICs involves a sustainable process that equips them with essential research skills, fostering the ability to conduct high‐quality research and improve healthcare delivery in resource‐constrained settings.ImplicationsRCS aims to empower health professionals to apply evidence‐based practices, reduce disparities and enhance the well‐being of populations in LMICs.ImpactUltimately, a concept analysis of RCS empowers us to harness the full potential of research to enhance healthcare delivery, improve patient outcomes and advance the well‐being of populations worldwide.
Trajectory patterns and influencing factors of supportive care needs in stroke patients: A longitudinal study
Authors: Xi Yushan , Liu Ranran , Tang Yingmei , Peng Ying , Jin Guoliang , Song Jingyuan 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAimTo investigate the trajectory patterns and influencing factors of supportive care needs in stroke patients.DesignA longitudinal study.MethodsIn total, 207 stroke patients who received treatment at the Department of Neurology in a hospital in Xuzhou between July 2022 and July 2023 were recruited using convenience sampling. Questionnaires including supportive care needs, hospital anxiety and depression scale, and the Barthel index were investigated at baseline and at 1, 3, and 6 months. A latent class growth model was applied to identify the supportive care needs trajectories. Multiple logistic regression was used to determine the predictors for membership. This study adheres to STROBE reporting guidelines.ResultsThree patterns of supportive care needs trajectories were identified: A high needs slow decline group (20.8%), a medium needs stable group (56.5%) and a medium needs rapid decline group (22.7%). Based on further analysis, the findings indicated that age, education level, monthly income, comorbidity, activities of daily living, anxiety and depression were associated with the trajectory categories of supportive care needs with stroke patients.ConclusionThis study demonstrates heterogeneity in changes in supportive care needs among stroke patients. Healthcare providers need to consider these different categories of needs and develop individualized care measures based on the characteristics of different patients.ImpactHealthcare providers should be aware of the fluctuations in care needs of stroke patients at various stages. Additionally, the study aimed to identify patients' specific needs based on their circumstances, monitor the rehabilitation process and establish a more personalized and optimized care plan through multidisciplinary collaboration. The ultimate goal was to alleviate symptomatic distress and address the long‐term care needs of patients.Patient or Public ContributionNo patient or public contribution.
Development and psychometric properties of the Turkish version of the Orofacial Esthetic Scale
Authors: Karaokutan Isil , Senol Hande , Aksoy Duygu , Ayvaz Ilayda , Cifci Huriye 
Published: May 2024

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed to develop the Turkish version of the Orofacial Esthetic Scale (OES‐Tr) and to evaluate its psychometric properties.Materials and MethodsThe OES‐Tr questionnaire was obtained from the English version of OES by translation and back‐translation. The current version's psychometric properties were evaluated in a cohort of 221 participants (81 dental students, 70 dentists with 1–10 years of clinical experience, and 70 dentists with 11–20 years of clinical experience). To assess the test–retest reliability, the OES was administered twice to all participants, with a time interval of 2–4 weeks. The reliability and validity of the questionnaire were assessed. Also, in validity studies, OES total scores were correlated with Oral Health Impact Profile‐Turkish Version (OHIP‐Tr) total scores.ResultsThe Cronbach's alpha value obtained from seven items was 0.866 in the examination performed on all individuals. Reliability results show that all questionnaire items are consistent within the test. Bartlett's test of sphericity was statistically significant (p < 0.05) and Kaiser–Meyer–Olkin test was 0.794. The results of the exploratory factor analysis indicated the creation of a single‐factor structure. The examinations conducted on all participants revealed a statistically significant weak negative correlation between OES and OHIP scores (r = −0.144).ConclusionsOES‐Tr can be utilized as a reliable tool to evaluate an individual's perception of their orofacial appearance. With its excellent psychometric properties, it serves as a valuable instrument for assessing self‐perceived orofacial esthetics.Clinical SignificanceOES‐Tr is a valuable instrument for assessing the appearance of the orofacial region, with good psychometric properties.
Volume‐based enteral feeding for ward patients with acute neurological conditions: a pilot prospective cohort study
Authors: Varghese Jessie A. , Keegan Simone , Nicholson Christine , Drummond Katharine J. , Kaul Neha , Fetterplace Kate 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundPatients requiring enteral nutrition (EN) after neurological insults experience feeding interruptions, contributing to inadequate nutrition delivery. This prospective cohort study investigated if volume‐based enteral feeding (VBF) improved the delivery of prescribed EN volume in ward patients with acute neurological conditions.MethodsOver two sequential periods, the usual care group received standard continuous rate‐based feeding, and the intervention group received VBF with bi‐daily EN rate adjustments to achieve target daily volume. The primary outcome was percentage of prescribed daily EN formula volume delivered. Differences in energy and protein provision, weight, malnutrition and safety were explored. An evaluation survey captured nurse acceptability of the protocol.ResultsThe intervention group (n = 32) achieved greater median interquartile range (IQR) EN adequacy of prescribed volume at 92% (88–97) compared to 67% (54–78) for usual care (n = 35) (p < 0.001). VBF compared to rate‐based feeding resulted in patients receiving more kilojoules (131 [121–138] kJ/kg vs. 84 [64–99] kJ/kg; p < 0.001) and protein (1.3 [1.2–1.5] g/kg vs. 0.9 [0.6–1.1] g/kg; p < 0.001). There were no differences in gastrointestinal intolerance between groups. Compliance to the VBF protocol was 90%, and 78% of staff reported high confidence using the protocol. The intervention group had less median weight loss at discharge (−1.4 [0.1 to −4.3] kg) than usual care (−3.6 [−1.3 to 8.4] kg; p < 0.011), but no differences in malnutrition status were observed.ConclusionA VBF protocol delivered greater EN volume, energy and protein following neurological injury. The VBF protocol was feasible with high acceptability from nursing staff.
Ca2+‐independent ZmCPK2 is inhibited by Ca2+‐dependent ZmCPK17 during drought response in maize
Authors: Hu Xiaoying , Cheng Jinkui , Lu Minmin , Fang Tingting , Zhu Yujuan , Li Zhen , Wang Xiqing , Wang Yu , Guo Yan , Yang Shuhua , Gong Zhizhong 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACTCalcium oscillations are induced by different stresses. Calcium‐dependent protein kinases (CDPKs/CPKs) are one major group of the plant calcium decoders that are involved in various processes including drought response. Some CPKs are calcium‐independent. Here, we identified ZmCPK2 as a negative regulator of drought resistance by screening an overexpression transgenic maize pool. We found that ZmCPK2 does not bind calcium, and its activity is mainly inhibited during short term abscisic acid (ABA) treatment, and dynamically changed in prolonged treatment. Interestingly, ZmCPK2 interacts with and is inhibited by calcium‐dependent ZmCPK17, a positive regulator of drought resistance, which is activated by ABA. ZmCPK17 could prevent the nuclear localization of ZmCPK2 through phosphorylation of ZmCPK2T60. ZmCPK2 interacts with and phosphorylates and activates ZmYAB15, a negative transcriptional factor for drought resistance. Our results suggest that drought stress‐induced Ca2+ can be decoded directly by ZmCPK17 that inhibits ZmCPK2, thereby promoting plant adaptation to water deficit.
PARP1 in the intersection of different DNA repair pathways, memory formation, and sleep pressure in neurons
Authors: Feltes Bruno César , Alvares Lucas de Oliveira 
Published: May 2024

AbstractPoly(ADP‐ribose) polymerase‐1 (PARP1) is a bottleneck that connects different DNA pathways during a DNA damage response. Interestingly, PARP1 has a dualist role in neurons, acting as a neuroprotector and inducer of cell death in distinct neurological diseases. Recent studies significantly expanded our knowledge of how PARP1 regulates repair pathways in neurons and uncovered new roles for PARP1 in promoting sleep to enhance DNA repair. Likewise, PARP1 is deeply associated with memory consolidation, implying that it has multiple layers of regulation in the neural tissue. In this review, we critically discuss PARP1 recent advances in neurons, focusing on its interplay with different DNA repair mechanisms, memory, and sleep. Provocative questions about how oxidative damage is accessed, and different hypotheses about the molecular mechanisms influenced by PARP1 in neurons are presented to expand the debate of future studies.image
ACVIM consensus statement on the diagnosis of immune thrombocytopenia in dogs and cats
Authors: LeVine Dana N. , Kidd Linda , Garden Oliver A. , Brooks Marjory B. , Goggs Robert , Kohn Barbara , Mackin Andrew J. , Eldermire Erin R. B. , Chang Yu‐Mei , Allen Julie , Christopherson Peter W. , Glanemann Barbara , Maruyama Haruhiko , Naskou Maria C. , Nielsen Lise N. , Shropshire Sarah , Viall Austin K. , Birkenheuer Adam J. , Forman Marnin A. , Hanzlicek Andrew S. , Langner Kathrin F. , Lashnits Erin , Lunn Katharine F. , Makielski Kelly M. , Roura Xavier , Spada Eva 
Published: May 2024

AbstractImmune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is the most common acquired primary hemostatic disorder in dogs. Immune thrombocytopenia less commonly affects cats but is an important cause of mortality and treatment‐associated morbidity in both species. Immune thrombocytopenia remains a diagnosis of exclusion for which diagnostic guidelines are lacking. Primary, or non‐associative, ITP refers to autoimmune platelet destruction. Secondary, or associative, ITP arises in response to an underlying disease trigger. However, evidence for which comorbidities serve as ITP triggers has not been systematically evaluated. To identify key diagnostic steps for ITP and important comorbidities associated with secondary ITP, we developed 12 Population Evaluation/Exposure Comparison Outcome (PECO) format questions. These questions were addressed by evidence evaluators utilizing a literature pool of 287 articles identified by the panelists using a structured search strategy. Evidence evaluators, using panel‐designed templates and data extraction tools, summarized evidence and created guideline recommendations that then were integrated by diagnosis and comorbidity domain chairs. The revised PECO responses underwent a Delphi survey process to reach consensus on final guidelines. A combination of panel expertise and PECO responses were employed to develop algorithms for diagnosis of ITP in dogs and cats, which also underwent 4 iterations of Delphi review. Comorbidity evidence evaluators employed an integrated measure of evidence (IME) tool to determine evidence quality for each comorbidity; IME values combined with evidence summaries for each comorbidity were integrated to develop ITP screening recommendations, which also were subjected to Delphi review. Commentary was solicited from multiple relevant professional organizations before finalizing the consensus. The final consensus statement provides clinical guidelines for the diagnosis of, and underlying disease screening for, ITP in dogs and cats. The systematic consensus process identified numerous knowledge gaps that should guide future studies. This statement is a companion manuscript to the ACVIM Consensus Statement on the Treatment of Immune Thrombocytopenia.
Schumpeter and the post‐Keynesian monetary theory
Authors: Bertocco Giancarlo , Kalajzić Andrea 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe name of Schumpeter is not among those of the precursors of post‐Keynesian monetary theory. This seems understandable when considering Schumpeter's ferocious criticism of The General Theory. However, in recent years various authors have highlighted significant points of contact between Schumpeter's monetary theory and that of Keynes and of post‐Keynesians. The objective of this work is not only to indicate the similarities between Schumpeter's monetary theory and that of the post‐Keynesians, but rather to show that Schumpeter's approach to money and credit allows making post‐Keynesian monetary theory more solid. In particular, we will show that Schumpeter's monetary theory enables to develop an explanation of the principle of effective demand sounder than that based on the simple presence of endogenous money and on the liquidity preference theory.