bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Foreign Bodies in Urinary Bladder: A Clinical Case
Authors: Passaro Giovanna , Cappa Emanuele , D'addessi Alessandro , Sacco Emilio , Bassi Pier Francesco 
Published: December 2011

Objectives A pencil in the urinary bladder is an unusual problem for urologists. We present a case in a 44-year-old female with an eyeliner pencil self-introduced into the urethra. Materials and Methods The patient was referred to us with a recent history of “ingestion of foreign body”. The clinical presentation, radiologic data, and treatment were reported. Results The patient had a pencil placed sideways in the urinary bladder, with focal perforation of the left wall. A cystoscopy was performed and the pencil was removed at the same time by using grasping forceps and hydraulic overdistention of the urinary bladder. Conclusions Bladder is the most common location of foreign bodies of the urogenital tract, almost always due to self-insertion into the urethra for the purpose of masturbation or as a result of non-inhibited or altered behavior due to psychiatric diseases, or to the influence of drugs. Most patients were too ashamed to admit they had inserted or applied any object and usually presented when a complication had occurred such as difficulty in voiding, hematuria, pain or swelling, extravasations or abscess formation. The treatment can be endoscopic, and it depends on the type of the foreign object and the operator's skills.
ChemInform Abstract: The Mixed Lanthanum Dichalcogenide β‐LaS1.86(1)Se0.14(1). Synthesis, Crystal Structure, Raman Spectrum and Optical Band Gap.
Authors: Bartsch Christian , Doert Thomas 
Published: December 2011

AbstractThe title compound is prepared by reaction of the elements in an NaCl flux (La:S:Se = 1:1.9:0.1; glassy carbon crucible in a sealed silica tube, 850 °C, 7 d).
ChemInform Abstract: FeCl3/NaI‐Catalyzed Allylic C—H Oxidation of Arylalkenes with a Catalytic Amount of Disulfide under Air.
Authors: Huang Deshun , Wang Haining , Xue Fazhen , Shi Yian 
Published: December 2011

AbstractStarting from acyclic olefins, the allylic products are obtained with excellent (E)‐selectivity.
ChemInform Abstract: Eco‐Friendly Synthesis of β‐Nitro Ketones from Conjugated Enones: An Important Improvement of the Miyakoshi Procedure.
Authors: Gabrielli Serena , Palmieri Alessandro , Perosa Alvise , Selva Maurizio , Ballini Roberto 
Published: December 2011

AbstractThe work‐up step is merely a filtration of the crude reaction mixture and a subsequent evaporation of volatile compounds.
ChemInform Abstract: Pd‐Catalyzed Synthesis of Ar—SCF3 Compounds under Mild Conditions.
Authors: Teverovskiy Georgiy , Surry David S. , Buchwald Stephen L. 
Published: December 2011

AbstractThe Pd‐catalyzed reaction of aryl/heteroaryl bromides with nucleophile (II) affords the corresponding aryl/heteroaryl trifluoromethyl sulfides, an important class of compounds in both the pharmaceutical and agrochemical areas.
ChemInform Abstract: From Highly Enantioselective Catalytic Reaction of 1,3‐Diynes with Aldehydes to Facile Asymmetric Synthesis of Polycyclic Compounds.
Authors: Turlington Mark , Du Yuhao , Ostrum Samuel G. , Santosh Vishaka , Wren Kathryne , Lin Tony , Sabat Michal , Pu Lin 
Published: December 2011

AbstractHighly enantioselective addition of various 1,3‐diynes towards aromatic and aliphatic aldehydes is smoothly achieved in the system Et2Zn—(S)‐BINOL—Ti(O‐iPr)4.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Aurones and Their Inhibitory Effects on Nitric Oxide and PGE2 Productions in LPS‐Induced RAW 264.7 Cells.
Authors: Shin Seo Young , Shin Min Cheol , Shin Ji‐Sun , Lee Kyung‐Tae , Lee Yong Sup 
Published: December 2011

AbstractAurones (IIIe) and (IIIf), which possess a C‐6 hydroxyl group in the A‐ring and methoxy substituents in the B‐ring, inhibit the NO and PGE2 production more efficiently than sulfuretin and are less cytotoxic.
ChemInform Abstract: Novel Pyrrolidinone and Pyrazolo[1,5‐a][1,3,5]triazine Derivatives Bearing a Biologically Active Sulfamoyl Moiety as a New Class of Antitumor Agents.
Authors: Aly Hala M. 
Published: December 2011

AbstractA series of sulfonamides is prepared and tested as antitumor agents.
ChemInform Abstract: 2‐Alkyl‐4‐oxohexahydropyrimido[4,5‐d]‐ and ‐[5,4‐d]azocines.
Authors: Voskressensky L. G. , Ovcharov M. V. , Borisova T. N. , Kulikova L. N. , Listratova A. V. , Borisov R. S. , Varlamov A. V. 
Published: December 2011

AbstractReaction of tetrahydropyridopyrimidinones with activated alkynes in MeOH affords pyrimidoazocine and/or products of the pyridine ring opening, i.e.
ChemInform Abstract: Plastoquinones from Sargassum yezoense; Chemical Structures and Effects on the Activation of Peroxisome Proliferator‐Activated Receptor Gamma.
Authors: Kim Min Cheol , Kwon Hak Cheol , Kim Su Nam , Kim Hyung Seop , Um Byung Hun 
Published: December 2011

AbstractThe new plastoquinones, named meroterphenol A (I), B (II), C (III), and D (IV), show potent activation effects on peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor gamma.
Was die Immunantwort auslöst
Authors: Harrer Roswitha 
Published: December 2011

AbstractDer Nobelpreis für Physiologie und Medizin 2011 würdigt bahnbrechende Arbeiten zur Funktion des Immunsystems. Bruce A. Beutler und Jules A. Hoffmann entdeckten die evolutionsbiologisch sehr alte Rezeptorfamilie, die Pathogen‐spezifische Motive erkennt, und Ralph M. Steinmann widmete sein Lebenswerk der Beschreibung der dendritischen Zellen und ihrer Rolle in der adaptiven Immunität.
Supercritical Fluid Chemical Deposition as an Alternative Process to CVD for the Surface Modification of Materials
Authors: Majimel Mélanie , Marre Samuel , Garrido Elsa , Aymonier Cyril 
Published: December 2011

AbstractTaking the desirable attributes of CVD and aqueous plating techniques while minimizing the disadvantages of each, supercritical fluid chemical deposition (SFCD) demonstrates itself to be a promising process alternative to enable the fabrication of nanostructured devices. This paper gives information about the SFCD process for metal deposition as an alternative to CVD through various examples of inorganic deposition (films or nanostructures). In particular, the use of SFCD will be demonstrated for the surface modification of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and their decoration with palladium nanoparticles.
Mobile social networks: state‐of‐the‐art and a new vision
Authors: Yang Kun , Cheng Xueqi , Hu Liang , Zhang Jianming 
Published: December 2011

SUMMARYSocial networks have attracted much attention and are gaining increasing momentum in communities, academia and industries. The mobilization of social networks, thus mobile social networks (MSNs), has equally been widely used, driven by the rapid advancement of both wireless network technologies and mobile devices. In light of the many works on MSNs focusing on its various different aspects, this paper aims to provide an overall view of this young and exciting field by summarizing its key research activities/categories and analyzing their interrelationships. Furthermore, the paper goes one step further by presenting a new vision of MSNs, which brings its other equally important arm, that is, mobile communication networks, into the horizon of MSN research. This new vision advocates the seamless integration of both arms, each located at different layers, that is, social networks at the application layer and mobile wireless networks at the network and communication layers. This integration calls for a cross‐layer information exchange of the two layers for the benefit of the MSN as a whole. The methodologies that shall be adopted by this new vision of MSN and the upcoming research challenges faced by this new field are discussed. It is hoped that this paper can serve as a seed to spark wider and deeper discussions and research activities on this new field of MSNs, where social computing activities and mobile wireless network researches embrace each other to create an era where all stakeholders in the MSN supply chain and in particular end‐users benefit. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Multistate Redox‐Active Metalated Triarylamines
Authors: Grelaud Guillaume , Cifuentes Marie P. , Schwich Torsten , Argouarch Gilles , Petrie Simon , Stranger Rob , Paul Frédéric , Humphrey Mark G. 
Published: December 2011

Abstracttrans‐[(η5‐C5H5)Fe(η5‐C5H4‐η1‐C≡C)Ru(C≡C‐4‐C6H4NPh2)(dppe)2] [4; dppe = 1,2‐bis(diphenylphosphanyl)ethane] and trans,trans,trans‐[{(η5‐C5H5)Fe(η5‐C5H4‐η1‐C≡C)Ru(dppe)2(C≡C‐4‐C6H4)}3N] (7) have been synthesized from trans‐[Ru(C≡C‐4‐C6H4NPh2)Cl(dppe)2] (3) and trans,trans,trans‐[{(dppe)2ClRu(C≡C‐4‐C6H4)}3N] (6), respectively, and the identities of trans‐[Ru(C=CH‐4‐C6H4NPh2)Cl(dppe)2][PF6] (2, precursor to 3), 3, and 4 have been confirmed crystallographically. Chemical oxidation of 4 and 7 afforded the isolable mixed‐valence species 4[PF6] and 7[PF6]3. The CV of 4 reveals sequential loss of three electrons in fully reversible oxidation steps, whereas the CV of 7 shows five reversible redox waves; in contrast, oxidation of the precursor amines HC≡C‐4‐C6H4NPh2 and (HC≡C‐4‐C6H4)3N are irreversible processes. All oxidation processes afford reversible changes in the linear optical properties. Complementary time‐dependent density functional theory (TD‐DFT) studies suggest that the initial oxidation process for 4 and 7 is iron‐centered and is followed by one (for 4) or three (for 7) ruthenium‐centered oxidations. The final reversible oxidation is assigned by TD‐DFT as delocalized along the metalla‐ethynylarylamine moiety. The intense optical changes consequent on reversible oxidation, together with their charge‐transfer character, suggest that 4 and 7 have potential as nonlinear as well as linear optical multistate switches.
Erosion effects on chemical composition and morphology of dental materials and root dentin
Authors: Soares Luís Eduardo Silva , Lima Luciana Reinaldo , Vieira Laís De Souza , Santo Ana Maria Do EspÍRito , Martin Airton Abrahão 
Published: December 2011

AbstractPurpose: This work aims to study the erosion on restorative materials and on surrounding dentin. Fifty root dentin samples were obtained from bovine incisors. Methods: Twenty samples were not restored and thirty received cavity preparations. Samples were assigned to five groups: G1, G2: sound dentin (D); G3: composite resin (CR); G4: resin‐modified glass‐ionomer cement (RMGIC); G5: glass‐ionomer cement (GIC). The samples of groups 2–5 were submitted to six cycles (demineralization–remineralization). Samples were analyzed by micro energy‐dispersive X‐ray fluorescence spectrometry (μ‐EDXRF) and by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Results: Mineral loss was greater in G2 samples than in RMGI > CR > GIC > D (control). SEM images showed pronounced dentin demineralization in groups 2 and 4. The acid erosion has a significant effect on mineral loss (Ca and P) of root dentin without restoration. Conclusions: Composite resin had the best chemical resistance to erosion among all the materials. Fluoride contained in GIC seemed to cause some protection, however, with material degradation. Chemical interaction of tooth‐colored dental materials with root dentin could be assessed by μ‐EDXRF. Microsc. Res. Tech. 75:703–710, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Vertical distribution of soluble organic nitrogen, nitrogen mineralization, nitrification, and amidohydrolase activities in a manure‐treated soil
Authors: Khalili Banafshe , Nourbakhsh Farshid 
Published: December 2011

AbstractRecent studies indicate that soil soluble organic nitrogen (SON) plays an important regulatory role in the soil–plant N cycle. The aims of this study were to identify the vertical distribution of SON and its correlation with N mineralization, nitrification, and amidohydrolase activities, in a soil repeatedly amended with cow manure or chemical fertilizer. For this purpose, soil samples were collected from 0–20, 20–40, 40–60, 60–80, and 80–100 cm depths of a calcareous soil, which has been annually amended for 5 y with cow manure (CM) at two rates of 50 (CM50) and 100 (CM100) Mg CM ha–1 y–1. Treatments with chemical fertilizer (CF) and a control (CT) were also included. Soluble organic N, N mineralization, nitrification rates, as well as L‐glutaminase and L‐asparaginase activities were determined. Both CM50 and CM100 enhanced SON content throughout the soil profile. Nitrogen‐mineralization rate (Nm) was increased at the 0–20 cm depth of the CM100 treatment and remained unaffected at the deeper depths. Nitrification rate (Nn) was significantly higher at the 0–60 cm depth of CM100 compared to CF and CT. L‐glutaminase and L‐asparaginase activities were significantly increased at the 0–40 cm depth in both CM50 and CM100 compared to CF and CT. The amidohydrolase activities could not be detected below 40 cm, regardless of the fertilizer treatments. Our results suggest that SON makes a minor contribution to N mineralization in deep soil layers. It was also concluded that changes in the SON throughout the soil profile were not associated with changes in the N‐transformation rates (Nm and Nn) and amidohydrolase activities. While we conclude that SON is a major N pool in the whole profile of the manure applied soil further investigation is required to characterize SON and to investigate the bioavailability of SON for microbial activity in different soil depths.
Anti‐inflammatory activities of aqueous extract of Mesona procumbens in experimental mice
Authors: Huang Guan‐Jhong , Liao Jung‐Chun , Chiu Chuan‐Sung , Huang Shyh‐Shyun , Lin Tsung‐Hui , Deng Jeng‐Shyan 
Published: December 2011

AbstractBACKGROUND: Mesona procumbens is consumed as a herbal drink and jelly‐type dessert in Taiwan. The aim of this study was to determine the mechanism of anti‐inflammatory activities of the aqueous extract of M. procumbens (AMP) using the λ‐carrageenin (Carr)‐induced mouse paw oedema model. The fingerprint chromatogram of AMP was obtained by high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis. To investigate the anti‐inflammatory mechanism of AMP, the activities of catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and the level of malondialdehyde (MDA) in paw oedema were monitored. Serum nitric oxide (NO), tumour necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α) and interleukin‐1β (IL‐1β) were also evaluated.RESULTS: The fingerprint chromatogram from HPLC indicated that AMP contained protocatechuic acid, chlorogenic acid, vanillic acid and caffeic acid. In the anti‐inflammatory test, AMP decreased paw oedema after Carr administration and increased the CAT, SOD and GPx activities and decreased the MDA level in paw oedema at 5 h after Carr injection. AMP also affected the serum NO, TNF‐α and IL‐1β levels at 5 h after Carr injection. Western blotting revealed that AMP decreased the expression of Carr‐induced inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase‐2 (COX‐2).CONCLUSION: Mesona procumbens has the potential to provide a therapeutic approach to inflammation‐associated disorders. Copyright © 2011 Society of Chemical Industry
Single shot concentric shells trajectories for ultra fast fMRI
Authors: Zahneisen Benjamin , Hugger Thimo , Lee Kuan J. , LeVan Pierre , Reisert Marco , Lee Hsu‐Lei , Assländer Jakob , Zaitsev Maxim , Hennig Jürgen 
Published: December 2011

AbstractMR‐encephalography is a technique that allows real‐time observation of functional changes in the brain with a time‐resolution of 100 ms. The high sampling rate is enabled by the use of undersampled image acquisition with regularized reconstruction. The article describes a novel imaging method for fast three‐dimensional‐MR‐encephalography whole brain coverage based on undersampled, single‐shot concentric shells trajectories and the use of multiple small receiver coils. The technique allows the observation of changes in blood oxygenation level dependent signal as a measure of brain physiology at very high temporal resolution. Magn Reson Med, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Luminescence coupling effects on multijunction solar cell external quantum efficiency measurement
Authors: Lim Swee Hoe , Li Jing‐Jing , Steenbergen Elizabeth H. , Zhang Yong‐Hang 
Published: December 2011

ABSTRACTThe effects of luminescence coupling on the external quantum efficiency (EQE) measurement of an InGaP/InGaAs/Ge triple junction solar cell were investigated. A small signal model was used to study the interaction of the subcells during EQE measurement. It was found that an optical–electrical feedback mechanism results in EQE measurement artifacts. Measurements of luminescence from the InGaP p–n junction are also performed to quantitatively determine the strength of the luminescence coupling. These results offer a more thorough and comprehensive interpretation of EQE measurement results that are needed for the design and accurate performance evaluation of high‐efficiency multijunction solar cells. The effects demonstrated here can also be used to measure the spontaneous emission efficiency of the subcells, which is useful for nondestructive assessment of multijunction solar cell material quality. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Solution‐processible polymer solar cells fabricated on a papery substrate
Authors: Kim Tae‐Soo , Na Seok‐In , Kim Seok‐Soon , Yu Byung‐Kwan , Yeo Jun‐Suk , Kim Dong‐Yu 
Published: December 2011

AbstractWe report on solution‐processible polymer solar cells (PSCs) fabricated on a papery substrate using carton. Highly conductive PEDOT:PSS was used as a bottom anode and planarization layer, and a semi‐transparent top cathode was applied. This research could be an important approach to the development of all‐solution‐processible papery PSCs as well as paper electronics.magnified image(© 2012 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Experimental characterization of temperature‐dependent electron transport in single‐wall multi‐tube carbon nanotube transistors
Authors: Sakalas Paulius , Claus Martin , Schroter Michael , Rumiantsev Andrej 
Published: December 2011

AbstractCurrent–voltage, radio‐frequency (RF) and noise characteristics of single‐wall multi‐tube carbon nanotube (CNT) transistors were measured at cryogenic temperatures. Compared to an ambient temperature (Ta) of 300 K, only a slight drain current increase at Ta = 77 K was observed. In addition, a weak dependence of the maximum value of the current gain cut‐off frequency (fT) on Ta was obtained, indicating that fT is rather limited by the device intrinsic quantum and extrinsic capacitances than by an improved mobility due to reduced optical phonon scattering at low Ta. A noise analysis of the devices at Ta = 10 K reveals that the noise factor (NF) improvement at very low temperatures is related to the reduced Nyquist noise of all resistive transistor noise contributors. Since the main noise source in CNTFETs is the shot noise, NF remains comparatively high even at Ta = 10 K.magnified imagePhoto of the CNTFET embedded in RF pads (left) and schematic layout of the CNTFET (right).(© 2012 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Mifepristone-Inducible Caspase-1 Expression in Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells Eliminates Tumor Formation but Spares Differentiated Cells In Vitro and In Vivo
Authors: Wang Yi , Yang Dehua , Song Lin , Li Ting , Yang Juan , Zhang Xiaojie , Le Weidong 
Published: December 2011

AbstractEmbryonic stem cell (ESC)-based therapy is a promising treatment for neurodegenerative diseases. But there is always a risk of tumor formation that is due to contamination of undifferentiated ESCs. To reduce the risk and improve ESC-based therapy, we have established a novel strategy by which we can selectively eliminate tumor cells derived from undifferentiated ESCs but spare differentiated cells. In this study, we generated a caspase-1-ESC line transfected with a mifepristone-regulated caspase-1 expression system. Mifepristone induced caspase-1 overexpression both in differentiated and undifferentiated caspase-1-ESCs. All the undifferentiated caspase-1-ESCs were induced to death after mifepristone treatment. Tumors derived from undifferentiated caspase-1-ESCs were eliminated following 3 weeks of mifepristone treatment in vivo. However, differentiated caspase-1-ESCs survived well under the condition of mifepristone-induced caspase-1 overexpression. To examine in vivo the impact of mifepristone-induced caspase-1 activation on grafted cells, we transplanted wild-type ESCs or caspase-1-ESCs into nude mice brains. After 8 weeks of mifepristone treatment, we could not detect any tumor cells in the caspase-1-ESC grafts in the brains of mice. However, we found that donor dopamine neurons survived in the recipient brains. These data demonstrate that mifepristone-induced caspase-1 overexpression in ESCs can eliminate the potential tumor formation meanwhile spares the differentiated cells in the host brains. These results suggest that this novel ESC-based therapy can be used in Parkinson's disease and other related disorders without the risk of tumor formation.Disclosure of potential conflicts of interest is found at the end of this article.
Beyond DNA origami: the unfolding prospects of nucleic acid nanotechnology
Authors: Michelotti Nicole , Johnson‐Buck Alexander , Manzo Anthony J. , Walter Nils G. 
Published: December 2011

AbstractNucleic acid nanotechnology exploits the programmable molecular recognition properties of natural and synthetic nucleic acids to assemble structures with nanometer‐scale precision. In 2006, DNA origami transformed the field by providing a versatile platform for self‐assembly of arbitrary shapes from one long DNA strand held in place by hundreds of short, site‐specific (spatially addressable) DNA ‘staples’. This revolutionary approach has led to the creation of a multitude of two‐dimensional and three‐dimensional scaffolds that form the basis for functional nanodevices. Not limited to nucleic acids, these nanodevices can incorporate other structural and functional materials, such as proteins and nanoparticles, making them broadly useful for current and future applications in emerging fields such as nanomedicine, nanoelectronics, and alternative energy. WIREs Nanomed Nanobiotechnol 2012, 4:139–152. doi: 10.1002/wnan.170This article is categorized under:

Diagnostic Tools > Biosensing
Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Emerging Technologies
Nanotechnology Approaches to Biology > Nanoscale Systems in Biology
Preoperative 18F‐FDG Uptake is Strongly Correlated with Malignancy, Weiss Score, and Molecular Markers of Aggressiveness in Adrenal Cortical Tumors
Authors: Gust Lucile , Taieb David , Beliard Arnault , Barlier Anne , Morange Isabelle , de Micco Catherine , Henry Jean‐François , Sebag Frederic 
Published: December 2011

AbstractBackgroundAdrenal incidentaloma are frequent in the general population. It can be difficult to diagnose adrenocortical carcinomas among them, even with the progress of imaging techniques. We studied the results of PET‐FDG in the diagnosis of such tumours.MethodsWe studied patients referred to the Department of Endocrine Surgery at La Timone Hospital, Marseilles, France, between June 2006 and October 2010 for adrenal tumours. All patients underwent a complete work‐up (biological tests and imagery), completed with PET‐FDG. We compared the results of PET‐FDG and molecular analysis with Weiss score and clinical follow‐up. We calculated correlations with the Pearson test.ResultsA total of 51 patients were studied. We found that PET‐FDG had a sensitivity of 95% and specificity of 97% for the diagnosis of adrenocortical carcinoma. The correlation between PET‐FDG and Weiss score was 77% (P ≤ 0.0001). Molecular analyses were correlated as well with Weiss score and malignancy (P < 0.05).ConclusionsThe nature of atypical adrenal masses can be difficult to define during preoperative investigations. For undetermined tumours smaller than 6 cm, characterization with PET‐FDG can be one more diagnostic argument pointing to malignancy. It could potentially change the therapeutic strategy and surgical management. In our experience, molecular analyses are available after surgery and have less impact on the therapeutic strategy than PET‐FDG. Preoperative PET‐FDG can be an asset in the management of adrenal incidentaloma and adrenocortical carcinoma.