bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: Facile Synthesis of 1,3,4‐Benzotriazepines and 1‐Arylamide‐1H‐indazoles via Palladium‐Catalyzed Cyclization of Aryl Isocyanates and Aryl Hydrazones under Microwave Irradiation.
Authors: Dong Chune , Xie Lingli , Mou Xiaohong , Zhong Yashan , Su Wei 
Published: February 2011

AbstractThe title compounds are prepared from bromo‐ or iodo‐aryl hydrazones, resp., under the same reaction conditions.
ChemInform Abstract: An Expedient and Facile Route for the General Synthesis of 3‐Aryl Substituted 1,2,3‐Triazolo[1,5‐a][1,4]benzodiazepin‐6‐ones and 1,2,3‐Triazolo[1,5‐a][1,5]benzodiazocin‐7‐ones.
Authors: Chowdhury Chinmay , Sasmal Anup Kumar , Achari Basudeb 
Published: February 2011

AbstractThe method includes a Sonogashira coupling of aryl iodides with substrate (I) or its homologue (VI), in situ diazotization, azidation and cycloaddition.
ChemInform Abstract: Stereoselective Synthesis of Enynones via Base‐Catalyzed Isomerization of 1,5‐Disubstituted‐2,4‐pentadiynyl Silyl Ethers or Their Alcohol Derivatives.
Authors: Chen Jingjin , Fan Guoqin , Liu Yuanhong 
Published: February 2011

Abstracttrans‐Enynones are obtained from alcohol substrates when treated with a catalytic amount of KOH [cf.
ChemInform Abstract: Tin(II) Chloride Assisted Synthesis of N‐Protected γ‐Amino β‐Keto Esters Through Semipinacol Rearrangement.
Authors: Bandyopadhyay Anupam , Agrawal Neha , Mali Sachitanand M. , Jadhav Sandip V. , Gopi Hosahudya N. 
Published: February 2011

AbstractThe reaction tolerates ‐Boc, ‐Cbz and ‐Fmoc protecting groups and does not require an inert atmosphere.
ChemInform Abstract: Direct Glycosylation with Anomeric Hydroxy Sugars by Activation with 3‐Fluorophthalic Anhydride and Trifluoromethanesulfonic Anhydride.
Authors: Baek Ju Yuel , Lee Bo‐Young , Pal Rita , Lee Won‐Yong , Kim Kwan Soo 
Published: February 2011

Abstract28 examples
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Evaluation of Phosphodiesterase IV Inhibitory Potency of Isocarbostyril Derivatives of Naturally Occurring Isocoumarins, Scoparines A and B.
Authors: Taguchi Kumiko , Kobayashi Koichi , Ishida Keiko , Kamata Katsuo , Honda Toshio 
Published: February 2011

AbstractEight isocarbostyril derivatives are prepared from scoparine A and B.
Designing Dye–Nanochannel Antenna Hybrid Materials for Light Harvesting, Transport and Trapping
Authors: Calzaferri Gion , Méallet‐Renault Rachel , Brühwiler Dominik , Pansu Robert , Dolamic Igor , Dienel Thomas , Adler Pauline , Li Huanrong , Kunzmann Andreas 
Published: February 2011

AbstractWe discuss artificial photonic antenna systems that are built by incorporating chromophores into one‐dimensional nanochannel materials and by organizing the latter in specific ways. Zeolite L (ZL) is an excellent host for the supramolecular organization of different kinds of molecules and complexes. The range of possibilities for filling its one‐dimensional channels with suitable guests has been shown to be much larger than one might expect. Geometrical constraints imposed by the host structure lead to supramolecular organization of the guests in the channels. The arrangement of dyes inside the ZL channels is what we call the first stage of organization. It allows light harvesting within the volume of a dye‐loaded ZL crystal and also the radiationless transport of energy to either the channel ends or center. One‐dimensional FRET transport can be realized in these guest–host materials. The second stage of organization is realized by coupling either an external acceptor or donor stopcock fluorophore at the ends of the ZL channels, which can then trap or inject electronic excitation energy. The third stage of organization is obtained by interfacing the material to an external device via a stopcock intermediate. A possibility to achieve higher levels of organization is by controlled assembly of the host into ordered structures and preparation of monodirectional materials. The usually strong light scattering of ZL can be suppressed by refractive‐index matching and avoidance of microphase separation in hybrid polymer/dye–ZL materials. The concepts are illustrated and discussed in detail on a bidirectional dye antenna system. Experimental results of two materials with a donor‐to‐acceptor ratio of 33:1 and 52:1, respectively, and a three‐dye system illustrate the validity and challenges of this approach for synthesizing dye–nanochannel hybrid materials for light harvesting, transport, and trapping.
A Tubular Network Assembled from Silver Nanoparticles
Authors: Yan Guangqing , Wang Li , Yu Haojie , Zhang Lei , Gao Jingmin , Wang Jianjun , Ma Liang , Zhao Yulai , Wu Qian , Amin Abid Muhammad 
Published: February 2011

AbstractA novel submicron‐sized tubular network composed of rolled silver nanosheets was successfully fabricated by the assemblage of silver nanoparticles in a reverse micellar solution; the size of these assembled nanoparticles was ca. 3 nm and they had a narrow size distribution. The molar ratio between H2O and lauric acid in the reaction media was found to significance effect the structure of the resultant tubular network. This study further showed that these nanostructures are stabilized by lauric acid, which contributed to the assemblage of the network. After detailed analysis, a possible reaction mechanism was determined, and these nanostructures showed obvious advantages and potential application as conductive fillers in coatings, especially because of their unique network morphology.
Supramolecular Approach to Gold Nanoparticle/Triruthenium Cluster Hybrid Materials and Interfaces
Authors: Toma Sergio H. , Santos Jonnatan J. , Araki Koiti , Toma Henrique E. 
Published: February 2011

AbstractA systematic and comprehensive study of the interaction of citrate‐stabilized gold nanoparticles with triruthenium cluster complexes of general formula [Ru3(CH3COO)6(L)]+ [L = 4‐cyanopyridine (4‐CNpy), 4,4′‐bipyridine (4,4′‐bpy) or 4,4′‐bis(pyridyl)ethylene (bpe)] has been carried out. The cluster–nanoparticle interaction in solution and the construction of thin films of the hybrid materials were investigated in detail by electronic and surface plasmon resonance (SPR) spectroscopy, Raman scattering spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Citrate‐stabilized gold nanoparticles readily interacted with [Ru3O(CH3COO)6(L)3]+ complexes to generate functionalized nanoparticles that tend to aggregate according to rates and extents that depend on the bond strength defined by the characteristics of the cluster L ligands following the sequence bpe > 4,4′‐bpy >> 4‐CNpy. The formation of compact thin films of hybrid AuNP/[Ru3O(CH3COO)6(L)3]+ derivatives with L = bpe and 4,4′‐bpy indicated that the stability/lability of AuNP–cluster bonds as well as their solubility are important parameters that influence the film contruction process. Fluorine‐doped tin oxide electrodes modified with thin films of these nanomaterials exhibited similar electrocatalytic activity but much higher sensitivity than a conventional gold electrode in the oxidation of nitrite ion to nitrate depending on the bridging cluster complex, demonstrating the high potential for the development of amperometric sensors.
Electrosynthesised Metal (Ni, Fe, Co) Oxide Films on Single‐Walled Carbon Nanotube Platforms and Their Supercapacitance in Acidic and Neutral pH Media
Authors: Adekunle Abolanle S. , Ozoemena Kenneth I. 
Published: February 2011

AbstractSupercapacitive properties of Single‐walled carbon nanotubes/metal oxides nanocomposites (SWCNT‐MO where M=Ni, Fe, Co) have been described. The SWCNT‐MO nanocomposites was confirmed with SEM, EDX and XPS techniques. Supercapacitive properties of the modified electrodes in H2SO4 and Na2SO4 electrolytes was investigated using cyclic voltammetry (CV), galvanostatic constant current charge‐discharge (CD) and the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) techniques. SWCNT‐NiO nanocomposite modified electrodes gave better supercapacitive performance with a specific capacitance of 186 mF cm−2 (or 928 F g−1). This value compared quite favourably and even higher than values hitherto reported in several literature.
Iodide‐Selective Screen‐Printed Electrodes Based on Low‐Melting Ionic Solids and Metallated Phthalocyanine
Authors: Shvedene Natalya V. , Avramenko Oksana A. , Baulin Vladimir E. , G. Tomilova Larisa , Pletnev Igor V. 
Published: February 2011

AbstractIodide‐selective electrodes were fabricated by modification of commercially available screen‐printed electrodes with low‐melting ionic solids (ionic liquids which are solidified at room temperature) and tetrakis(tert‐butyl)phthalocyaninatocobalt(III) iodide . The main potentiometric characteristics including the selectivity were determined. The best electrochemical characteristics were demonstrated by electrodes which surface has been modified by 1‐dodecyl‐3‐methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate retaining the metallated phthalocyanine. The sensor works well over a concentration range from 1×10−5 to 1×10−1 with nearly Nernstian response (−58.3±0.5 mV decade−1); pH range is 2.0–11.5, response time is ca. 10 s. A good selectivity towards iodide over a number of anions was observed. The electrode was successfully used for the determination of iodide content in pharmaceuticals.
Directed Self‐Assembly of Gold Nanoparticles on Graphene‐Ionic Liquid Hybrid for Enhancing Electrocatalytic Activity
Authors: Ho Yang Min , Choi Bong Gill , Park HoSeok , Park Tae Jung , Hong Won Hi , Lee Sang Yup 
Published: February 2011

AbstractThe effects of introducing gold (Au) nanoparticles (NP) on the electrochemical properties of graphene functionalized with ionic liquid were investigated by cyclic voltammetry, amperometry, and AC impedance analysis. The introduction of Au NPs onto graphene‐ionic liquid sheets led to enhanced electron transfer rate, low charge transfer resistance, and large electrocatalytic area. An electrochemical biosensor device based on the hybrid of Au NPs and functionalized graphenes was fabricated and found to have superior electrochemical performance in the detection of glucose, with a sensitivity of 0.16 µA mM−1, a detection limit of 0.13 mM, and a response time of 5 s.
Relationships between benthic macroinvertebrate community structure and geospatial habitat, in-stream water chemistry, and surfactants in the effluent-dominated Trinity River, Texas, USA
Authors: Slye Jaime L , Kennedy James H , Johnson David R , Atkinson Sam F , Dyer Scott D , Ciarlo Michael , Stanton Kathleen , Sanderson Hans , Nielsen Allen M , Price Bradford B 
Published: February 2011

Abstract
Over the past 20 years, benthic macroinvertebrate community structure studies have been conducted on the upper Trinity River, Texas, USA, which is dominated by municipal wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) and industrial effluents. The Trinity River is located in the Dallas—Fort Worth metropolitan area, and is the most highly populated and industrialized watershed in Texas. As such, the Trinity River represents a near-worst-case scenario to examine the environmental effects of domestic–municipal and industrial effluents on aquatic life. A 1987 to 1988 study concluded that many stretches of the river supported a diverse benthic community structure; however, a decline in taxa richness occurred immediately downstream of WWTPs. A 2005 study designed to parallel the 1987 to 1988 efforts evaluated how changes in water quality, habitat, and increased urbanization impacted benthic community structure. Physicochemical measurements, habitat quality, geospatial variables, and benthic macroinvertebrates were collected from 10 sites. Surfactants were measured and toxic units (TUs) were calculated for surface water and pore water as indicators of domestic/household use of cleaning products. Total TUs indicated a low potential for biological impacts. Toxic unit distribution was not dependent on WWTP location and did not correlate with any benthic variable. Eight environmental parameters were determined to be useful for predicting changes in benthic macroinvertebrate community structure: surfactant surface water TUs (SWTU), in-stream habitat cover, and surface water total organic carbon were the top three parameters. Abundance, taxa richness, and taxa similarity in 2005 had increased since the earlier study throughout the immediate vicinity of the metropolitan area. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2011; 30:1127–1138. © 2011 SETAC
Influence of sewage and pharmaceuticals on soil microbial function
Authors: Gielen Gerty J. H. P , Clinton Peter W , Van den Heuvel Michael R , Kimberley Mark O , Greenfield Laurie G 
Published: February 2011

Abstract
Although sewage effluent application to land is a common approach to recycle water and provide nutrients to plants, bioactive pharmaceuticals contained in sewage may change soil quality by affecting soil microbial communities. Establishing causal effects, however, is difficult, because trace levels of pharmaceuticals are confounded with other effluent constituents. Therefore, two originally similar soil microbial communities, one irrigated in situ with sewage effluent for 12 years and another nonirrigated, were exposed to high levels of acetaminophen, aspirin, carbamazepine, chlorpromazine, and tetracycline. The objectives of the current study were to determine the influence of high levels of pharmaceuticals on several soil microbial properties, the effect that prolonged effluent irrigation with ambient levels of pharmaceuticals had on soil microbial function, and how this effect would change in response to pharmaceutical exposure. Several pharmaceuticals, at high exposure levels, imposed stress on the soil microbial community as judged by increased CO2 respiration, decreased biomass carbon, and altered substrate utilization affinities. Prolonged effluent irrigation, which altered the genetic fingerprint of the microbial community, also mitigated the response that exposure to pharmaceuticals had on the microbial community and enabled degradation of the antimicrobial salicylic acid after aspirin exposure. In conclusion, prolonged irrigation with sewage effluent containing pharmaceuticals at ambient levels influenced the microbial community so that they were able to better cope with sudden exposure to high levels of pharmaceuticals. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2011; 30:1086–1095. © 2011 SETAC
Seasonality in contaminant accumulation in Arctic marine pelagic food webs using trophic magnification factor as a measure of bioaccumulation
Authors: Hallanger Ingeborg G , Warner Nicholas A , Ruus Anders , Evenset Anita , Christensen Guttorm , Herzke Dorte , Gabrielsen Geir W , Borgå Katrine 
Published: February 2011

Abstract
Seasonality in biomagnification of persistent organic pollutants (POPs; polychlorinated biphenyls, chlorinated pesticides, and brominated flame retardants) in Arctic marine pelagic food webs was investigated in Kongsfjorden, Svalbard, Norway. Trophic magnification factors (TMFs; average factor change in concentration between two trophic levels) were used to measure food web biomagnification in biota in May, July, and October 2007. Pelagic zooplankton (seven species), fish (five species), and seabirds (two species) were included in the study. For most POP compounds, highest TMFs were found in July and lowest were in May. Seasonally changing TMFs were a result of seasonally changing POP concentrations and the δ15N-derived trophic positions of the species included in the food web. These seasonal differences in TMFs were independent of inclusion/exclusion of organisms based on physiology (i.e., warm- versus cold-blooded organisms) in the food web. The higher TMFs in July, when the food web consisted of a higher degree of boreal species, suggest that future warming of the Arctic and increased invasion by boreal species can result in increased food web magnification. Knowledge of the seasonal variation in POP biomagnification is a prerequisite for understanding changes in POP biomagnification caused by climate change. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2011; 30:1026–1035. © 2011 SETAC
Metals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in colonial waterbird eggs from Lake Athabasca and the Peace–Athabasca Delta, Canada
Authors: Hebert Craig E , Weseloh D.V. Chip , MacMillan Stuart , Campbell David , Nordstrom Wayne 
Published: February 2011

Abstract
In 2009, aquatic bird eggs from a variety of species were collected from three sites in northern Alberta, Canada. Two sites were located in receiving waters of the Athabasca River, which drains the oil sands industrial region north of Fort McMurray, Alberta. The third site, located on the Peace River, was remote from the influence of the Athabasca River. Levels of mercury, arsenic, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were measured in the eggs along with nitrogen stable isotopes (δ15N) as an indicator of bird trophic position. Levels of As and PAHs in eggs were low, whereas Hg was measureable in all samples. Egg Hg levels increased with δ15N values (a proxy of food web trophic position); however, some eggs exhibited Hg levels greater than expected based on trophic position. These eggs were from sites in receiving waters of the Athabasca River, namely, Mamawi Lake and Egg Island. Levels of Hg in egg pools were correlated with naphthalene levels, perhaps indicating a common source of contamination. Temporal comparison of Hg levels in California gull (Larus californicus) eggs from the Lake Athabasca colony indicated that egg Hg burdens increased 40% from 1977 to 2009. More research is required to evaluate temporal trends in levels of environmental contaminants and to identify sources. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2011; 30:1178–1183. © 2011 SETAC
Business Cycle Forecasts and their Implications for High Frequency Stock Market Returns
Authors: Entorf Horst , Gross Anne , Steiner Christian 
Published: February 2011

ABSTRACTThis article contributes to the literature on business cycle forecasts and their impact on asset prices by investigating how the 15‐second Xetra DAX returns reflect the monthly announcements of the two best‐known business cycle forecasts for Germany, i.e., the Ifo Business Climate Index and the ZEW Indicator of Economic Sentiment. The analysis disentangles ‘good’ macroeconomics news from ‘bad’ news and, simultaneously, considers time intervals with and without confounding announcements from other sources. Releases from both institutes lead to an immediate response of returns occurring 15 seconds after the announcements, i.e. within the first possible time interval. Announcements of both institutes are also clearly and immediately reflected in the volatility, which remains at a significantly higher level for approximately 2 minutes. Findings can be used to improve high‐frequency forecasts in stock markets. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
On scale and magnitude of pressure build‐up induced by large‐scale geologic storage of CO2
Authors: Zhou Quanlin , Birkholzer Jens T. 
Published: February 2011

AbstractThe scale and magnitude of pressure perturbation and brine migration induced by geologic carbon sequestration is discussed assuming a full‐scale deployment scenario in which enough CO2 is captured and stored to make relevant contributions to global climate change mitigation. In this scenario, the volumetric rates and cumulative volumes of CO2 injection would be comparable to or higher than those related to existing deep‐subsurface injection and extraction activities, such as oil production. Large‐scale pressure build‐up in response to the injection may limit the dynamic storage capacity of suitable formations, because over‐pressurization may fracture the caprock, may drive CO2/brine leakage through localized pathways, and may cause induced seismicity. On the other hand, laterally extensive sedimentary basins may be less affected by such limitations because (i) local pressure effects are moderated by pressure propagation and brine displacement into regions far away from the CO2 storage domain; and (ii) diffuse and/or localized brine migration into overlying and underlying formations allows for pressure bleed‐off in the vertical direction. A quick analytical estimate of the extent of pressure build‐up induced by industrial‐scale CO2 storage projects is presented. Also discussed are pressure perturbation and attenuation effects simulated for two representative sedimentary basins in the USA: the laterally extensive Illinois Basin and the partially compartmentalized southern San Joaquin Basin in California. These studies show that the limiting effect of pressure build‐up on dynamic storage capacity is not as significant as suggested by Ehlig‐Economides and Economides, who considered closed systems without any attenuation effects. © 2011 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
CO2‐based energy vectors for the storage of solar energy
Authors: Centi Gabriele , Perathoner Siglinda 
Published: February 2011

AbstractThe analysis of the evolving scenario for a sustainable energy indicates that recycling CO2 back to fuels (using sunlight) appears the preferable option to develop effective energy vectors for the storage of solar energy which integrates into existing energy infrastructure and allow a smooth, but fast transition to a more sustainable energy future. The different possible options to develop CO2‐based energy vectors are overviewed to give a glimpse to the opportunities, prospects, and limits in this fast accelerating R&D area. Aspects analysis regards the catalytic hydrogenation of CO2 to different possible fuels and/or chemicals and the generation of renewable H2 via bioroutes, and thermo‐ or photo(electro)‐chemical approaches, with respect to the combination of PV cells (or other non‐carbon‐based electrical energy sources) and electrolyzers. The application of bioroutes, and thermo‐ or photo(electro)‐chemical approaches to the combined CO2 and H2O direct conversion to (solar) fuels was also discussed and indicated as the challenging target to effectively develop CO2‐based energy vectors that can fully enable the potential of renewable energy. © 2011 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Emergence of synchronous EEG spindles from asynchronous MEG spindles
Authors: Dehghani Nima , Cash Sydney S. , Halgren Eric 
Published: February 2011

AbstractSleep spindles are bursts of rhythmic 10–15 Hz activity, lasting ∼0.5–2 s, that occur during Stage 2 sleep. They are coherent across multiple cortical and thalamic locations in animals, and across scalp EEG sites in humans, suggesting simultaneous generation across the cortical mantle. However, reports of MEG spindles occurring without EEG spindles, and vice versa, are inconsistent with synchronous distributed generation. We objectively determined the frequency of MEG‐only, EEG‐only, and combined MEG‐EEG spindles in high density recordings of natural sleep in humans. About 50% of MEG spindles occur without EEG spindles, but the converse is rare (∼15%). Compared to spindles that occur in MEG only, those that occur in both MEG and EEG have ∼1% more MEG coherence and ∼15% more MEG power, insufficient to account for the ∼55% increase in EEG power. However, these combined spindles involve ∼66% more MEG channels, especially over frontocentral cortex. Furthermore, when both MEG and EEG are involved in a given spindle, the MEG spindle begins ∼150 ms before the EEG spindle and ends ∼250 ms after. Our findings suggest that spindles begin in focal cortical locations which are better recorded with MEG gradiometers than referential EEG due to the biophysics of their propagation. For some spindles, only these regions remain active. For other spindles, these locations may recruit other areas over the next 200 ms, until a critical mass is achieved, including especially frontal cortex, resulting in activation of a diffuse and/or multifocal generator that is best recorded by referential EEG derivations due to their larger leadfields. Hum Brain Mapp, 2011. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.