bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Usefulness of magnifying endoscopy for diagnosis of sessile serrated lesion with dysplasia or carcinoma: Large retrospective study
Authors: Murakami Takashi , Kamba Eiji , Tsugawa Naoki , Fukushima Hirofumi , Shibuya Tomoyoshi , Yao Takashi , Nagahara Akihito 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background and study aims Sessile serrated lesions (SSLs) are
precursor lesions in the serrated neoplasia pathway that lead to invasive carcinoma from
dysplasia arising from SSLs. This study aimed to elucidate the clinicopathological and
endoscopic features of SSLs with and without dysplasia or carcinoma.
Patients and methods We reviewed the clinicopathological and
endoscopic data from all colorectal lesions pathologically diagnosed as SSLs at Juntendo
University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan, between 2011 and 2022. In addition to conventional
endoscopic findings, we retrospectively evaluated magnifying endoscopic findings with
narrow-band imaging (NBI) or blue laser imaging (BLI) using the Japan NBI Expert Team system
and analyzed pit patterns using magnified chromoendoscopic images.
Results Of the 2,132 SSLs, 92.5%, 4.7%, 1.8%, and 0.9% had no
dysplasia, low-grade dysplasia, high-grade dysplasia, and submucosal invasive carcinoma,
respectively. Older age, the proximal colon, and larger lesions were more frequently
associated with SSLs with dysplasia or carcinoma. However, 41.3% of the SSLs with dysplasia or
carcinoma were ≤ 10 mm in size. Endoscopic findings, such as (semi)pedunculated morphology,
double elevation, central depression, and reddishness, were frequently found in SSLs with
dysplasia or carcinoma. Furthermore, magnifying endoscopy using NBI or BLI and magnifying
chromoendoscopy showed high sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy for diagnosing dysplasia or
carcinoma within SSLs.
Conclusions SSLs with and without dysplasia or carcinoma exhibit
distinct clinicopathological and endoscopic features. In an SSL series, conventional
endoscopic characteristics in addition to use of magnifying endoscopy may be useful for
accurately diagnosing advanced histology within an SSL.
Detecting Mosaicism of Monosomy X Using FISH in Prenatal Samples: Post High Risk NIPT
Authors: Murarka Shiva , Biswas Debaashish , Bhatt Samarth , Mistry Krishna , Kotecha Udhaya , Shah Parth , Sharda Sheetal 
Published: June 2024

AbstractNoninvasive prenatal testing (NIPT) is a highly specific and sensitive aneuploidy screening method with low false positive results. Sex chromosome aneuploidy (SCA) is not picked up in prenatal ultrasounds, as they may not have antenatally identifiable features, except for hydrops in monosomy X cases. Women with high risk NIPT results for SCAs are recommended to go for invasive prenatal diagnosis for confirmation by diagnostic tests like chromosome microarray, karyotyping, and/or fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). We present two cases that showed a high risk for monosomy X on NIPT. Chromosomal microarray was negative for SCA. Further, FISH was done to confirm the results and confirm the presence of low level mosaicism for monosomy X. FISH proves to be the test of choice to detect low level mosaicism in high risk NIPT cases with high positive predictive values.
Case Report of Recurrent Popliteal Pterygium Syndrome
Authors: Rangholiya Komal , Ponkiya Pruthviben K. , Desai Purvi , Chauhan Binodini , Patel Shimolee 
Published: June 2024

AbstractA 23 week pregnant woman with a history of a child with facial and limb malformations underwent a fetal ultrasound revealing similar abnormalities in the current fetus. Genetic testing confirmed a new IRF6 gene mutation consistent with popliteal pterygium syndrome type 1. This case highlights the potential for recurrence and the role of genetic testing in prenatal diagnosis.
Clinical Response of Levodopa in CTNNB1-Related Dystonia
Authors: Revert Barberà Anna , Martorell Loreto , Boix Cristina , Armstrong Judith , Carrera Laura , Nascimento Andrés , Ortigoza-Escobar Juan Darío 
Published: June 2024

Abstractβ-catenin, which is encoded by the CTNNB1 gene, is essential for the development and functioning of the brain. There are a few documented cases of dystonia related to CTNNB1. Here, we report the case of an 11-year-old Spanish boy referred for movement disorders and gait disturbance. He had motor developmental delay and achieved unassisted walking at 3 years, with a tiptoe gait and valgus foot posture requiring ankle-foot orthoses. Blood tests showed elevated creatine kinase levels (1684 U/L, normal range 62–235). Molecular analysis revealed a deletion in exons 3-9 of the DMD gene, leading to the diagnosis of Becker muscular dystrophy. By age 8, he presents frequent falls due to a dystonic posture of the feet and abnormal movements in the upper and lower limbs. Whole-exome sequencing revealed a novel heterozygous, de novo pathogenic frameshift variant in the CTNNB1 gene (NM_001098209.1):p.Thr297fs/ c.889dupA. Treatment with levodopa/carbidopa (5.3 mg/kg/day) led to a partial clinical improvement, including a decrease in dystonia, measured by the Burke-Fahn-Marsden Dystonia Rating Scale, and choreic movements in all four limbs. We suggest that levodopa contributes to motor improvement in patients with CTNNB1-related dystonia, supporting its inclusion in the differential diagnosis of childhood dopa-responsive dystonia.
Periprocedural Anticoagulation Management of Patients Undergoing Colonoscopy with Polypectomy
Authors: Chan Melissa , Yoon Joshua , Drury Chipman T. , Wan Tony , Telford Jennifer J. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Introduction/Objective Colonoscopy with polypectomy is an integral component of colorectal cancer screening. There are limited data and consensus on periprocedural anticoagulation management, especially regarding bleeding risk with uninterrupted anticoagulation and thromboembolic risk with interruption. Our aim was to determine the incidence of bleeding and thromboembolic complications among colon screening participants undergoing colonoscopy following implementation of a novel patient care pathway for standardized periprocedural anticoagulation management.
Methods We conducted a retrospective study including all participants (age 50–74) on an oral anticoagulant (e.g., vitamin K antagonists, direct oral anticoagulants) referred to the British Columbia Colon Screening Program for colonoscopy following abnormal fecal immunochemical test in a 6-month period (March–August 2022). Data relating to their specific periprocedural anticoagulant management and colonoscopy results including method of polypectomy were obtained. Primary outcomes were major bleeding and arterial or venous thromboembolic events from time of oral anticoagulant interruption until 14 days of postcolonoscopy. Secondary outcomes included nonmajor and minor bleeding, acute coronary syndrome, emergency room visit, hospital admission, and death due to any cause.
Results Over the 6-month period, 162 participants completed standardized periprocedural anticoagulation management, colonoscopy ± polypectomy, and 14-day follow-up. One (0.6%) had a major bleeding event and one (0.6%) had an arterial thromboembolic event.
Conclusions A novel patient care pathway for standardized periprocedural anticoagulation management with a multidisciplinary team is associated with low rates of major bleeding and thrombotic complications after colonoscopy with polypectomy.
Media frames and images of Chinese immigrants: analyzing European newspaper narratives from 2015 to 2022
Authors: Gao Hao , Peng Li , Zhang Xiaofeng 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe influx of Chinese immigrants into Europe has spawned varied media frames, shaping public perceptions and attitudes towards this demographic. The portrayal of Chinese immigrants in European newspapers has become a subject of socio-political discourse, necessitating exploring the predominant narratives within the media space. This study aims to unearth and analyze the prevailing frames used in European newspapers when reporting on Chinese immigrants from 2015 to 2022, elucidating the impact of these frames on the constructed images of Chinese immigrants in societal consciousness. Employing an inductive mixed-method computational approach (ANTMN) and leveraging the Lexis database, 360 news reports from European newspapers were analyzed using Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) and Gibbs Sampling for topic modeling, semantic network procedures for network structure, and Louvain community detection algorithm for clustering consistent framework packages. The study identifies four primary frames—Integration, Social, Political, and Crime—each revealing a distinct narrative about Chinese immigrants. Furthermore, three predominant images of Chinese immigrants emerged: Failed Integrators, Targets of Political Attack, and Disruptors of Social Safety. Despite the decrease in the utilization of the Crime frame amidst the COVID-19 pandemic, an intensified prejudice against Chinese immigrants was noted. The identified frames and images have crucial implications on socio-political attitudes and policies concerning immigrants, emphasizing the necessity to address the media’s role in potentially perpetuating stereotypes and biases, thereby influencing societal coherence and policy approaches toward immigration.
A low noise capacitance to voltage readout circuit based on active feedback charge sensitive amplifier for micro-gyro
Authors: Liu Yinyu , Gu Ke , Liu Xin , Li Yaochang , Sun Peng 
Published: June 2024

Trans-impedance amplifier (TIA) based capacitance–voltage (C–V) readout circuits are widely used in micro-machined gyroscopes’ control system. In this work, the noise performance of a TIA and charge sensitive amplifier (CSA) based C–V readout circuit is analyzed in detail. The theoretical derivation and simulation experiments carried out in this paper show that the thermal noise of high value feedback resistors in TIA dominates the output noise of the circuit, while a CSA-based readout circuit can overcome this shortcoming. Then, a CSA-based C–V readout circuit is designed with a 1.8 V transistor on a 180 nm complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor. This C–V-based readout circuit occupies an area of 0.039 mm2, which is smaller than the area of a 0603 package resistor. When 1 V bias voltage (Vb) is added to the capacitors under test, the tested C–V gain of this circuit is as high as 225 dB, and the tested output noise of the circuit is less than 150 nV/Hz. Finally, the fabricated chip achieved a resolution of 840 zF/Hz at Vb as low as 1 V. This CSA-based C–V readout circuit has more advantages in terms of noise and area over the TIA circuit and is more suitable for integration into the interface integrated circuit for micro-gyroscopes.
Nuclear quantum effects in phase transition between Ice VII and Ice X
Authors: Kuwahata Kazuaki , Tachikawa Masanori 
Published: June 2024

The theoretical modeling of high-pressure ice remains challenging owing to the complexity in accurately reflecting its properties attributable to nuclear quantum effects. To explore the nuclear quantum effects of the phase transition between Ice VII and Ice X, we introduce an approach based on ab initio path-integral molecular dynamics. The results indicate that quantum effects facilitate the phase transition, with the observed isotope effects consistent with the experimental outcomes. We demonstrate that quantum effects manifest differently across ice phases: In Ice VII, quantum effects reduce the pressure through the centralization of protons. In contrast, in Ice X, quantum effects increase the pressure owing to the increased kinetic energy of zero-point vibration.
Assessing the suitability of a surveillance fauna-monitoring program for detecting future changes in reptile occupancy
Authors: McDonald Peter J. , Stewart Alistair , Ward Simon J. , Oliver Paul M. , Nano Catherine E. M. 
Published: June 2024

Context Ecological surveillance monitoring typically targets multiple taxonomic groups by using standardised sampling across large spatial scales. Although surveillance monitoring confers advantages over hypothesis-driven monitoring in its broad taxonomic and spatial scope, the approach has been criticised for its disconnect from ecological management and failure to provide insights on the drivers of ecological change Aims To assess the adequacy of a plot-based general fauna-monitoring program for sampling reptiles as indicators of ecosystem health in a semi-arid upland region of the Northern Territory, Australia. Methods We surveyed reptiles at 90 sites, stratified between major landform and vegetation types, and using standard fauna-sampling methods, across the 2568 km2 Tjoritja National Park in the MacDonnell Ranges. We compiled a full inventory of the reptile fauna of the study area and identified species with potential utility as ecological indicators. We then used single-season occupancy models and power analyses to evaluate the adequacy of sampling for detecting potential future changes in occupancy. Key results We detected 57 of the 68 reptile species known from the protected area, 17 of which are potentially useful indicators of ecological health, mostly related to fire management. There was insufficient power to detect moderate (50%) future changes in reptile occupancy for all but the single most detected species. For the two ecological indicator species with sufficient detections for occupancy modelling, a positive association with a keystone structure (dense spinifex grass) was confirmed. However, increasing detection probability or the number of surveys would result in only minor improvements in power to detect occupancy change in these species. Conclusions Although reptiles are potentially useful indicators of ecological health, particularly in relation to fire regimes, the number of sites required to detect future changes in reptile occupancy by using standardised plot-based monitoring in this protected area is prohibitively high. Implications Our results suggest that once ecological associations are understood, monitoring ecological health remotely by using techniques such as fire-scar mapping to track proportions of long-unburnt vegetation should be considered over labour-intensive surveillance monitoring for reptiles. Targeted monitoring of threatened and other reptile species of conservation or cultural concern may also be warranted.
Wild Oat (
Avena fatua
): Crop Mimicry and Herbicide Resistance
Authors: Sharpe Shaun M. , Tidemann Breanne D. , Geddes Charles M. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Wild oat (
Avena fatua
) is a weed species that through crop mimicry survive in conventional managed farmlands, particularly in cereal crops such as wheat and barley. Adaptation of wild oat likely dates back around 9000 years when domestication of cereal species began in the Fertile Crescent and around the Mediterranean Sea. So far, wild oat has been described as a troublesome weed in 44 countries across temperate parts of the world. Wild oat reduces crop yields due to its competition for nutrients, water and light. Variable seed dormancy results in early maturing plants that add to the soil’s seed bank, and later maturing plants that contaminate the harvested grain. Since wild oat seeds resembles cereal grain, they are difficult to remove by mechanical seed cleaning. Seed lots contaminated with wild oat seeds are downgraded since it reduces the suitability as food and feed. Contaminated seedlots used for planting is a source of long distance spread of the weed. Herbicide application is an important part of wild oat control in areas with intensive wheat and barley production. Herbicide labels typically recommend the optimal size of wild oat seedlings and crop plants for best control. However, timing of an application can be difficult when wild oat plants are at different growth stages. The majority of herbicides are grouped according to the mode-of-action in cells of weed plants either inhibiting specific enzymes or entire metabolic pathways. Repeated use of herbicides with the same mode-of-action creates a selection pressure that can result in development of wild oat populations resistant to these herbicides. There is a direct relationship between the number of wild oat plants treated with herbicides and the risk of selecting for resistant plants. Thus, best management practices (BMP) aim to reduce the number of wild oat seed in the field, and include rotating between herbicides with different mode-of-action, and following recommendations on herbicide labels regarding plant growth stages and dosage. Cultural practices include rotating crop species and optimizing crop health, planting of weed-free seed, and cleaning of machinery between fields. Wild oat’s adaptations for crop mimicry and herbicide resistance make it problematic to manage but incorporating BMPs into an integrated approach can help.

Information
© His Majesty the King in Right of Canada, as represented by the Minister of Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada.
Ultrafast x-ray scattering and electronic coherence at avoided crossings: complete isotropic signals
Authors: Liane Eirik M , Simmermacher Mats , Kirrander Adam 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Nonadiabatic transitions at conical intersections and avoided crossings play a pivotal role in shaping the outcomes of photochemical reactions. Using the photodissociation of LiF as a model, this theoretical study explores the application of gas phase nonresonant ultrafast x-ray scattering to map nonadiabatic transitions at an avoided crossing, utilizing the part of the scattering signal that probes electronic coherence directly. The presented scattering signals are rotationally averaged and calculated from two- rather than one-electron (transition) densities, which inherently accounts for all possible electronic transitions driven by the x-ray photon. This approach provides quantitative predictions of the experimental signals, thereby facilitating future experimental endeavors to observe nonadiabatic effects and coherent electron dynamics with ultrafast x-ray scattering.
Manipulation of hybrid skyrmion dynamics by step Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interaction approach
Authors: Chhabra Hitesh , Dhakshinamoorthy Jayaseelan , Nayak Ajaya K 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The topological protected magnetic state, which plays a pivotal role against any continuous deformation of a magnetic skyrmion, comes with an unwanted skyrmion Hall effect (SkHE) that poses a significant challenge in practical applications. Here, we present a detailed micromagnetic simulation study that delves into the controlled manipulation of skyrmion dynamics through subtle engineering of the Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interaction (DMI) in a hybrid skyrmion-based racetrack. In particular, we introduce a gradient variation of bulk and interfacial DMIs, which results in a parabolic trajectory of the skyrmion motion, thereby allowing us to find a critical DMI ratio with almost zero SkHE. Most importantly, we present a novel approach involving the engineering of a racetrack with strategically placed step DMI regions that gives us meticulous control over the size and speed of the hybrid skyrmions. The present study gives a new direction for the simultaneous realization of stable skyrmions without SkHE and an increased skyrmion speed with optimized DMI engineering.
High-precision concentration detection of CO2 in flue gas based on BO-LSTM and variational mode decomposition
Authors: Wang Yinsong , Chen Shixiong , Kong Qingmei , Gao Jianqiang 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
In order to improve the detection accuracy of CO2 and other gases in the flue gas emitted from thermal power plants, a CO2 concentration detection model based on tunable semiconductor laser absorption spectroscopy was proposed. First, a variational mode decomposition model was used to filter the harmonic signal after removing the outliers to reduce the influence of noise on the detection results. Suitable absorption lines and concentration characteristics were then selected according to the gas absorption properties and correlation theory. Finally, the CO2 concentration inversion was completed using long short-term memory networks, and a Bayesian optimization algorithm was introduced to optimize the hyperparameters of the network. The experimental results showed that the R
2 and RMSE of the test set were 0.998 84 and 0.116 08, respectively, in the concentration range of 1%–12%. In addition, the Allan analysis of variance revealed that the maximum measurement error of CO2 was only 0.005 619% when the integration time was 38 s. Compared to the traditional CO2 detection schemes, the detection accuracy and stability are significantly improved, which provides a feasible scheme for flue gas detection in thermal power plants.
Adsorption structure and properties of Ni/Fe electrodeposition interface: a DFT study
Authors: Yang Shiqing , Liang Guoxing , Huang Yonggui , Hao Xinhui , Zhao Jian , Lv Ming 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The density functional theory calculations of the adsorption model of NiCl2, Ni, and Cl on the Fe surface, as well as interface electronic properties, provide theoretical guidance for improving the Ni electrodeposition process. The adsorption properties of these three species on the Fe (100) crystal surface at different coverages, and the adsorption properties of the single Ni on three different crystal surfaces of Fe (100), Fe (110), and Fe (111), were studied through calculations of adsorption energy, charge density, charge occupancy, and DOS. The results indicate that the H sites are the most favorable for the adsorption of Ni and Cl on the Fe (100) surface. T sites, B sites, and H sites are all potential adsorption sites for NiCl2. The order of adsorption strength is Ni > Cl > NiCl2. In response to changes in charge, the adsorption effect exhibits a negative correlation with surface coverage. In addition, the hybridization of Ni’s 3d orbitals, Cl’s 3p orbitals, and Fe’s 3d orbitals changes the distribution of the interface charge, resulting in an increase of the charge in the Fe surface. Ni exhibits better adsorption performance on Fe (100) surface, driven by the lattice structure, surface electron configuration, and Ni–Fe atomic interactions.
Metrology for advanced radiotherapy using particle beams with ultra-high dose rates
Authors: Subiel Anna , Bourgouin Alexandra , Kranzer Rafael , Peier Peter , Frei Franziska , Gomez Faustino , Knyziak Adrian , Fleta Celeste , Bailat Claude , Schüller Andreas 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Dosimetry of ultra-high dose rate beams is one of the critical components which is required for safe implementation of FLASH radiotherapy (RT) into clinical practice. In the past years several national and international programmes have emerged with the aim to address some of the needs that are required for translation of this modality to clinics. These involve the establishment of dosimetry standards as well as the validation of protocols and dosimetry procedures. This review provides an overview of recent developments in the field of dosimetry for FLASH RT, with particular focus on primary and secondary standard instruments, and provides a brief outlook on the future work which is required to enable clinical implementation of FLASH RT.