bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sleep restriction exacerbates cardiac dysfunction in diabetic mice by causing cardiomyocyte death and fibrosis through mitochondrial damage
Authors: Du Qingfeng , Zhang Jingyi , Zhao Xu , Tang Jing , Liu Ce , Zhang Yining , Cai Cheng 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a cardiovascular complication of diabetes mellitus with a poor prognosis and is the leading cause of death in diabetic patients. Sleep deficiency is not only recognized as an important risk factor for the development of type 2 DM, but is also associated with increased morbidity and mortality of cardiovascular disease. The underlying role and mechanisms of sleep restriction (SR) in DCM are far from clear. The KK/Upj-Ay mouse model of T2 DM was used as a study subject, and the small animal ultrasound imaging system was used to detect the function of the heart; immunopathological staining was used to clarify the histo-structural pathological alterations of the heart; and TUNEL staining, qPCR, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and ELISA kits were used to detect apoptosis, oxidative stress, inflammation, and mitochondrial damage, and related molecular alterations. SR led to a significant increase in mortality, cardiac hypertrophy, necrosis, glycogen deposition and fibrosis further deteriorated in DM KK mice.SR increased cardiomyocyte death in KK mice through the Bax/Bcl2 pathway. In addition to this, SR not only exacerbated the inflammatory response, but also aggravated mitochondrial damage and promoted oxidative stress in KK mice through the PRDM16-PGC-1α pathway. Overall, SR exacerbates structural alterations and dysfunction through inflammation, oxidative stress, and apoptosis in DM KK mice, increasing the risk of death. Clinicians and diabetic patients are prompted to pay attention to sleep habits to avoid accelerating the transition of DCM to heart failure and inducing death due to poor sleep habits.
Evaluation of the Larvicidal Activity of the Fractions of Hyptis suaveolens on 4th instar larvae of Culex quinquefasciatus
Authors: Babayi Hausatu , Garba Zainab U. , Olayemi Israel K. , Dawud Ibrahim , Mustapha Aisha 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Mosquitoes are important vectors that transmit many communicable diseases throughout the world. Billions of people face major health concern throughout the world due to vector borne diseases. Synthetic insecticides such as organophosphate and pyrethroids are commonly used for their control. However, insecticidal compounds from natural sources, such as plants are promising tools for managing vectors. The present study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of Hyptis suaveolens on Culex quinquefasciatus. Extraction of the plant using hexane and ethyl acetate yielded hexane (coded A) and ethylacetate (coded B) leaf extracts. Extract B which attained 100% mortality at 24 hours of exposing the larvae of C. quinquefasciatus (in a previous study) was further fractionated to obtain 5 fractions coded B1-B5. Crude ethylacetate leaf extract of H. suaveolens and its fractions were evaluated for their potentials in vector control of mosquito-borne diseases using World Health Organization’s recommended protocols for testing the efficacy of insecticides. Crude extract at 0.066g/ml attained 100% mortality and complete inhibition of pupation as well as inhibition of adult emergence of the larvae after 72 hours while that of the fractions B1-B5 was at 0.055g/ml and 0.066g/ml after 24 hours of larval exposure to the extract respectively. Fraction B1 was most potent. The mean LC50 and LC90 were 0.046 and 0.461, 0.250 and 0.501, 0.040 and 0.478, 0.185 and 0.730, 0.038 and 0.374, 0.080 and 0.401 of crude extract and its fractions respectively. The values of R2 (coefficient of determination) obtained indicated the rate of mortality linearly increased with increasing dose. The phytochemical constituents detected were alkaloids, anthraquinones, balsams, carbohydrates, glycosides, saponins, terpenes, volatile oils and flavonoids. The present study revealed the potential of fractions of H. suaveolens in controlling vector borne diseases (Avian malaria, West nile virus, St. Louis and Japanese encephalitis).
Trends in induction of labour and associated co-morbidities and demographics in Queensland, Australia from 2001 – 2021: A population-based study
Authors: Lee Nigel , Ballard Emma , Humphrey Tracy 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background
Amongst women who plan a vaginal birth at term, previous studies have reported that rates of induction of labour are increasing potentially impacting other labour and birth outcomes. Indications for induction of labour (IOL) have changed over time though the influences of parity and demographic factors such as age, ethnicity and regionality are not often considered. The aim of this study was to describe the changes in demographic, co-morbidity, IOL indication and clinical outcomes in women undertaking a planned cephalic vaginal birth at term over a 20 year period.
Methods
A retrospective population-based study was undertaken using routinely collected anonymised perinatal data from Queensland, Australia from January 2001 to December 2020. We included all singleton term (≥ 37 weeks) planned vaginal births. A total of 836,065 births met the study criteria. Data for pregnancy complications and IOL indications were grouped by ICD-10 codes. Categorical data was analysed and stratified by parity with percent changes over time calculated for all variables.
Results
Rates of IOL increased by 13% (34.1–47.1%) in nulliparous and 11.5% (29.3–40.8%) in multiparous women, most notable from 2015 onwards. During the study period the percentage of infants born between 37 and 38 weeks gestation increased by 13.9%. Amongst co-morbidities diabetes increased from 3.8–12.8% and anaemia from 2.3–8.1%. As an indication for IOL prolonged pregnancy decreased from 41.0–11.2%. In nulliparous women the percentage of intact perineum decreased from 21.3–6.7% while episiotomy increased from 20.2–38.8%.
Conclusions
We conclude that for women planning a vaginal birth not only has the rate of IOL increased substantially over the last two decades there also appears to be considerable interaction between demographic, co-morbidity, IOL indications and clinical outcomes that warrants further large population-based research.
Early clinical outcomes and learning curve study of robot- assisted precision osteotomy in total knee arthroplasty in the context of ERAS
Authors: Wang Mingyou , Wang Hongping , Tang Zhuodong , Tao Qifeng , Wang Mingli , Lan Ruiqi , Chen Chunyu , Lan Yuping 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Objective: To compare the early clinical outcomes of robot-assisted total knee arthroplasty (RA-TKA) with conventional manual total knee arthroplasty (CM-TKA) and analyze their learning curves.
Methods: Patients who underwent initial unilateral total knee arthroplasty for osteoarthritis of the knee in Panzhihua Central Hospital from June to November 2023 were included. 130 patients were randomly divided into two groups: group A underwent total knee arthroplasty with HURWA Orthopaedic System (65 cases), and group B patients were performed using conventional tools (65 cases). Basic data, surgical information, imaging data and postoperative function were compared between the two groups. Surgical time was analyzed by cumulative sum analysis method (CUSUM), and the goodness of fit was judged by R².
Results: Baseline data were consistent between the two groups, the FFC of the patients in group A was closer to 90° than group B, the LTC was concentrated at 87° and HKA was concentrated at 180°. There was no significant difference in inflammatory indicators and perioperative blood loss. Respectively, 7.80% (groups A) vs 9.52% (groups B) of the patients developed lower extremity intermuscular venous thrombosis, but there was no difference in knee function, pain and satisfaction.The operation time of group A was about 11.3 min longer than group B. The learning curve was best fitted as a cubic curve, and the fitted curve reached its apex when the number of surgical cases accumulated to the 22nd case. During the whole learning curve, no surgical termination or accidental injury caused by the failure of the robotic system occurred, and none of them suffered from serious complications such as infections, periprosthetic fracture, cardiac and cerebral vascular accidents, and so on.
Conclusion: HURWA robot-assisted TKA with learning curve fixation in about 22 cases can obtain good lower limb force line reconstruction and precise implantation of prosthesis, which is a safe and effective surgical procedure for osteoarthritis of the knee.
The Effects of serum glucose level on the association of between serum lactate level and acute kidney injury among critical patient with acute ischemic stroke
Authors: Yu Chunli , Yao Weiguo , Liu Kun , Tang Dingzhong 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background: Serum lactate level has been confirmed to be an independent risk factor for the occurrence of acute kidney injury (AKI) in many diseases. However, the correlation between serum lactate level and AKI in critical patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) has not been unclear. Moreover, limited studies have examined the mediating effect of serum glucose on the association between Serum lactate and AKI.
Methods: We identified 1,435 AIS patients from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care (MIMIC-III) database and divided them into AKI or No-AKI groups. We used a propensity score matching (PSM) method to reduce confounding. Linear regression, logistic regression, and restricted cubic splines (RCS) were used to evaluate relationships between blood lactate levels and serum glucose, serum lactate, as well as AKI. Finally, the mediating role of serum glucose on the relationship between serum lactate and AKI was investigated utilizing the mediation analysis.
Results: In the present study, a total of 634 critical patients with AIS aged ≥18 years were included after propensity score matching (1:1). we use RCS plot to reveal a linear association of between serum lactate levels and AKI and between serum glucose levels and serum lactate levels (all P for nonlinear <0.001). After full adjustment for potential confounders (Model 3), serum glucose was positively correlated to serum lactate level (β=0.004, 95% CI: 0.003-0.006, P-value <0.001). High lactate level increased the risk of AKI (OR, 2.216; 95% CI, 1.559-3.271; P-value <0.001). Serum glucose explained 14.9% of the association between serum lactate and AKI among critical patients with AIS (P-value <0.001), 16.4% among patients with AIS and DM (P-value =0.24), and 19.5% among patients with AIS and without DM (P-value <0.001).
Conclusion: Serum lactate acid was independently associated with increased risk-adjusted AKI in critical patients with AIS. The increase in serum glucose may have mediated this effect, especially in patients without DM.
Gambogic Acid Suppresses Osteosarcoma Progression Through Upregulation of FOXO3a
Authors: Hu Yawei , Zhang Hao , Guo Zengfeng , Han Xiaohong , Wu Jiawen , Ye Songqing 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background
Osteosarcoma is a prevalent bone cancer in children and adolescents, posing significant treatment challenges due to its propensity for metastasis and resistance to traditional chemotherapy. Gambogic Acid (GA) has been studied for its potential anticancer effects, including inhibition of cell proliferation and induction of apoptosis.
Methods
This study evaluated the effects of GA on osteosarcoma cell lines 143B and U2OS. We conducted cell viability assays, proliferation tests, and wound healing assays to assess the impact of GA on tumor cell behavior. Additionally, molecular analyses including RNA sequencing and RT-qPCR were performed to examine changes in gene expression, specifically focusing on the tumor suppressor transcription factor FOXO3a. We also explored the consequences of FOXO3a knockdown to understand its role in GA's mechanism of action.
Results
GA treatment significantly reduced cell viability and inhibited cell proliferation in both 143B and U2OS cell lines. It also hindered cell migration, demonstrating its potential to impede cancer cell dissemination. Molecular analysis revealed a significant upregulation of FOXO3a following GA treatment, highlighting its crucial role in mediating GA’s anticancer effects. Knockdown studies indicated that the absence of FOXO3a reduced the efficacy of GA, confirming the importance of this transcription factor in GA’s antitumor activity.
Conclusions
The findings from this study suggest that GA, with its low toxicity profile, could serve as a viable alternative to conventional chemotherapy for osteosarcoma treatment. GA's ability to regulate tumor suppressor pathways, particularly through the modulation of FOXO3a, offers new insights into potential cancer treatment strategies using natural compounds. Further research is needed to elucidate the interactive mechanisms between GA and FOXO3a and to develop more effective therapeutic modalities based on this interaction.
Plasma levels of neuron/glia-derived apoptotic bodies, an in vivo biomarker of apoptosis, predicts infarct growth and functional outcome in patients with ischemic stroke
Authors: Díaz-Maroto Inmaculada , Castro-Robles Beatriz , Villar Miguel , García-García Jorge , Ayo-Martín Óscar , Serrano-Heras Gemma , Segura Tomás 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Evidence demonstrating the involvement of apoptosis in the death of the potentially salvageable area (penumbra zone) in patients during stroke remains limited. Our aim was to investigate whether apoptotic processes occur in penumbral brain tissue by analyzing circulating neuron- and glia-derived apoptotic bodies (CNS-ApBs), which are vesicles released into the bloodstream during the late stage of apoptosis. We have also assessed the clinical utility of plasma neuronal and glial apoptotic bodies in predicting early neurological evolution and functional outcome. The study included a total of 71 patients with acute hemispheric ischemic stroke (73 ± 10 years; 30 women). Blood samples were collected from these patients immediately upon arrival at the hospital (within 9 hours) and at 24 and 72 hours after symptom onset. Subsequently, isolation, quantification, and phenotypic characterization of CNS-ApBs during the first 72h post-stroke were performed using centrifugation and flow cytometry techniques. We found a correlation between infarct growth and final infarct size with the amount of plasma CNS-ApBs detected in the first 72h after stroke. In addition, patients with neurological worsening (progressive ischemic stroke), had higher plasma levels of CNS-ApBs at 24h after symptom onset than those with a stable or improving course. Circulating CNS-ApBs concentration was further associated with patients' functional prognosis. In conclusion, apoptosis may play an important role in the growth of the cerebral infarct area and plasma CNS-ApBs quantification could be used as a predictive marker of penumbra death, neurological deterioration and functional outcome in patients with ischemic stroke.
Large granular lymphocytosis post allogenic bone marrow transplantation is associated with better outcome - A large retrospective single center analysis
Authors: Viswabandya Auro , stavi vered , Atenafu Eshetu , Lam Wilson , Law Arjun , Kim Dennis , Michelis Fotios , Novitzky-Basso Igor , Pasic Ivan , Lipton Jeffrey , Mattsson Jonas , Gerbitz Armin , Kumar Rajat 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Large granular lymphocytes (LGL) are seen in patients following allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (Allo-HCT) and it has a confounding impact on patient’s prognosis. We assessed 726 consecutive patients at our institution and looked at the clinical characteristics and outcome of patients developing LGL after Allo-HCT using dual T cell depletion as GVHD prophylaxis. The cumulative incidence of LGL lymphocytosis was 15.4%. Notably, a higher proportion of patients who developed LGL had undergone dual T cell depletion as part of their graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) prophylaxis. LGL lymphocytosis was associated with a favorable outcomes, which included a higher two-year overall survival rate (85.4% compared to 53.1%), a lower incidence of non-relapse mortality (6.4% compared to 28%), improved relapse-free survival (76.3% compared to 48.4%), and enhanced GVHD-free relapse-free survival (71.1% compared to 40.1%) all of which were statistically significant. Multivariable analysis confirmed the positive impact of LGL lymphocytosis on patients’ outcome including survival.
The end of silent predators: First cases of active sound production in batoids from the Mediterranean Sea and its potential implications
Authors: Rodriguez Alvaro Almagro , Barría Claudio 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

The production of sound in terrestrial animals has been extensively studied, yet documentation of sound production in fish remains comparatively limited. Furthermore, certain groups such as elasmobranchs have traditionally been regarded as silent predators. This study presents two cases of active sound production in batoids, marking the first documented records in the Mediterranean Sea. Between November and December of 2023, multiple encounters with batoids were observed in the important shark and ray area of Marina Alta, Spain. Four distinct species were documented, with active sound production, in the form of clicks, recorded in two species: the rough skate, Raja radula, and the marbled electric ray, Torpedo marmorata. These clicks were produced while opening and closing their mouths, accompanied by the movement of their pectoral fins, both cases presumably associated with an agonistic display of defense against the divers, perceived as a threat. The clicks were produced when the threat was close, and as it moved away from the divers, the frequency of the clicks decreased until they ceased.
A Scoping review of Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS), protocol implementation, and its impact on surgical outcomes and healthcare systems in Africa
Authors: Kifle Fitsum , Kenna Peniel , Daniel Selam , Maswime Salome , Biccard Bruce 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background
Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) is a patient-centered approach to surgery designed to reduce stress responses and facilitate faster recovery. ERAS protocols have been widely adopted in high-income countries, supported by robust research demonstrating improved patient outcomes. However, in Africa, there is limited evidence regarding its implementation. This review aims to identify the existing literature on the implementation of ERAS principles in Africa, the reported clinical outcomes, and the challenges and recommendations for successful implementation.
Methods
We conducted a librarian-assisted literature search of electronic research databases between October and November 2023. Titles and abstracts were screened for eligibility, duplicates were then removed, followed by full-text assessment of potentially eligible studies. We utilized the summative content analysis method to synthesize and group the data into fewer categories based on agreed-upon criteria. Descriptive statistics were used to describe the results.
Results
The search identified 342 potential studies resulting in 15 eligible studies for inclusion in the review. The publication years ranged from 2016 to 2023. The studies originated from three countries: Egypt (n = 10), South Africa (n = 4), and Uganda (n = 1). Successful implementation was associated with reduced hospital length of stay (n = 12), lower mortality rates (n = 3), and improved pain outcomes (n = 7). Challenges included protocol adherence (n = 5) and limitations in research design to generate strong evidence (n = 3). Recommendations included formal adoption of ERAS principles (n = 5), the need for a sustained research commitment, and exploration of the applicability of ERAS in diverse surgical contexts (n = 8). Large-scale implementation beyond individual institutions was encouraged for further validation of its impact on patient outcomes and healthcare costs (n = 1).
Conclusions
Despite the limited number of studies on ERAS implementation in Africa, the available evidence suggests that it reduces the length of hospital stays and mortality rates. This is crucial for the region, given its higher mortality rates, necessitating more collaborative, methodically well-designed studies to establish stronger evidence for ERAS in lower resource environments.
Machine-learning-based radiomics model for AKR1B10 prediction and prognosis in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Zheng Jia , Yao Haojie , Ying Hongan , Hong Weiwen , Huang Lili 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background
AKR1B10 plays a crucial role in the early diagnosis and prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Our study aimed to develop a radiomics model that can effectively differentiate the expression of AKR1B10 in HCC patients, while also investigating its prognostic value.
Methods
The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database was used to investigate the differential expression of AKR1B10 and its prognostic value in HCC. We extracted computed tomography (CT) images from The Cancer Imaging Archive (TCIA) database and applied machine learning algorithms to extract radiomics features. The radiomics features were utilized to construct a logistic regression model for predicting AKR1B10 expression. The model underwent validation through cross-validation, and its performance was assessed using DCA and ROC curve analysis. Furthermore, we developed a nomogram utilizing both radiomics score (Rad_score) and clinical features to predict the prognosis of HCC patients.
Results
Higher AKR1B10 expression was identified as an independent risk factor for poor prognosis in patients with HCC. The radiomics features of HCC patients with high and low AKR1B10 expression were distinct. A radiomics-based prediction model for AKR1B10 expression was established, yielding an area under the ROC curve of 0.83 (95% CI, 0.69–0.97). Using Rad_score and clinical-pathological features, a nomogram was developed to predict 3-year survival in HCC patients.
Conclusions
AKR1B10 was an independent prognostic indicator in patients with HCC. Furthermore, a radiomics model based on CT could predict the AKR1B10 expression and prognosis in HCC patients.
The effect of mindfulness-based nursing support on the psychosocial status of women receiving infertility treatment
Authors: İnam Özen , Satılmış İlkay Güngör 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of mindfulness-based care support on the psychosocial status of women undergoing infertility treatment during the treatment process.
Method The sample consisted of women who were about to start in vitro fertilization treatment and met the inclusion criteria. The experimental group used a mobile application specifically designed to practice mindfulness for infertility treatment at the beginning of treatment.
Results The gynaecological and infertility characteristics of the experimental and control groups and their scores on the psychosocial scales used in the pretest were similar (p > 0.05). In the post-test, the scores of the participants in the experimental group from mindfulness and infertility self-efficacy scales were higher than the control group, and the scores of infertility adjustment, anxiety and depression were lower (p < 0.05).
Conclusions It was observed that the mobile application developed for mindfulness contributed positively to the psychosocial status of infertile women in the treatment process.
Preregistration The research was registered on http://clinicaltrials.gov (ID: NCT05708937) Registry: 24.01.2023