bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The efficacy of topical hyaluronic acid in the management of oral lichen planus
Authors: Nolan A. , Badminton J. , Maguire J. , Seymour R. A. 
Published: August 2010

Background:  The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of a topical hyaluronic acid (HA) gel preparation (0.2%) in the management of oral lichen planus (OLP).Methods:  A total of 124 patients with erosive OLP participated in a randomized, placebo‐controlled, double‐blind trial to evaluate the efficacy of a topical HA preparation. Outcome measures included soreness relief following immediate application, oral function and size of erosive/ulcerative area. Patients were medicated for 28 days and completed a log diary recording oral function and soreness scores.Results:  Application of topical HA produced a significant reduction (P < 0.05) in soreness scores when compared with placebo for up to 4 h post‐application. There was no difference between treatment groups (P > 0.05) with respect to oral function. Patients treated with 0.2% HA showed a significant reduction (P < 0.05) in the size of the erosive/ulcerated area after 28 days of treatment when compared with baseline. There was no significant difference in changes in ulcerative areas between treatment groups.Conclusions:  Topical HA (0.2%) does appear to be of some benefit in the management of erosive lichen planus providing efficacy for up to 4 h after administration. Very frequent applications should be considered to obtain a more significant clinical benefit. Topical HA gel may be a useful addition to the treatment option for OLP.
Detection of fascin and CCR‐7 positive mature dendritic cells in oral lichen planus
Authors: Mukae Shotaro , Okazaki Yasuhiro , Tsuda Hirotaka , Nagai Koichi , Matsumoto Naoyuki , Ochiai Toyoko , Oki Hidero , Komiyama Kazuo 
Published: August 2010

Background:  Dendritic cells (DC) play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of oral lichen planus (OLP) with respect to antigens presented to T cells. We performed immunohistochemical analysis to elucidate the process of activation of DC in OLP.Methods:  Thirty biopsy specimens were obtained from the patients with OLP. The expressions of CD1a, Langerin, S‐100, fascin, chemokine receptor‐7 (CCR‐7), D2‐40, cyclooxygenase‐2 (COX‐2), and microsomal prostaglandin E synthase‐1 (mPGES‐1) in DC from OLP and disease free control were investigated using specific antibodies. The distribution and number (1 mm2) of DC were assessed in the intra‐epithelium and the submucosa specimens. Correlation between the number of DC and epithelium thickness was also determined.Result:  Immature DC (Langerin+, CD1a+, and S‐100+) were identified in the epithelia from OLP patients and control, though the numbers of Langerin+ and CD1a+ positive cells were decreased in the OLP samples as compared to the control. Mature DC (fascin+) were identified in the submucosa specimens, not found in the epithelium from OLP or control. Double immunostaining revealed DC positive for fascin and CCR‐7 in the submucosa, which had migrated into D2‐40+ lymph vessels. Furthermore, keratinocytes expressed both Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) converting enzymes, COX‐2, and mPGES‐1, indicating PGE2 synthesis in the epithelial layer of the OLP specimens.Conclusion:  Our results indicate that DC change from immature to mature in the epithelium and are then drawn out to the submucosa. We demonstrate that mature DC localized in the submucosa, it consequently migrates into lymph vessels. This maturation process of DC is an important immunopathological feature of OLP.
Clonal nature of odontogenic tumours
Authors: Gomes Carolina Cavaliéri , Da Silveira Oliveira Carla , Castro Wagner Henriques , De Lacerda Júlio César Tanos , Gomez Ricardo Santiago 
Published: August 2010

Background:  Although clonal origin is an essential step in the comprehension of neoplasias, there have been no studies to examine whether odontogenic tumours are derived from a single somatic progenitor cell. The purpose of this study was to investigate the clonal origin of odontogenic tumours.Methods:  Fresh samples of seven ameloblastomas, two odontogenic mixomas, two adenomatoid odontogenic tumour, one calcifying odontogenic cyst, one calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumour (CEOT) and six odontogenic keratocyst (OKC) of female patients were included in this study. After DNA extraction, the HUMARA gene polymorphism assay was performed.Results:  Most of the informative odontogenic lesions studied (12 out of 16) showed a monoclonal pattern. Among the polyclonal cases, two were OKC, one CEOT and one odontogenic mixoma.Conclusions:  Our results suggest that most odontogenic tumours are monoclonal.
Smokeless tobacco use among adult patients who visited family practice clinics in Karachi, Pakistan
Authors: Ali Niloufer Sultan , Khuwaja Ali Khan , Ali Tabrez , Hameed Rabia 
Published: August 2010

Background:  Use of smokeless tobacco (SLT) is significantly associated with poor oral health and cancers. The objectives of this study were to estimate the proportion of use and the knowledge about SLT in relation to oral cancer and its differentials by socio‐demographic and patient’s diagnostic categories. This study also aimed to assess the SLT user’s attitude and practices for its use.Methods:  In a cross‐sectional study, 502 adult patients (≥15 years) were randomly interviewed in family practice clinics in Karachi, Pakistan. SLT use was considered as usage of any of the following: betel quid (paan) with tobacco, betel nuts with tobacco (gutkha), and snuff (naswar).Results:  Overall, 52.4% subjects had used SLT at least in one form. More males were using SLT than females (P = 0.03). Similarly, higher proportion of patients with gastro‐intestinal diseases were using SLT compared with other diagnostic categories (P = 0.004). Knowledge about the oral carcinogenic effect of SLT was higher among men and those who had schooling of >10 years (P < 0.001). This knowledge was also higher in patients with non‐communicable and infectious diseases. Among SLT users, 31.3% tried to quit this habit but failed. The majority of users started using SLT before the age of 15 years; 40.2% and 30.8% started after being inspired by media advertisements and friends/peer pressure, respectively.Conclusions:  In this study, over half of the patients were using SLT in various forms and had poor knowledge about its hazards. We suggest that there is a need for socially and culturally acceptable educational and behavioral interventions for control of SLT usage.
Expression of keratinocyte growth factor and its receptor in odontogenic keratocysts
Authors: Suyama Y. , Kubota Y. , Yamashiro T. , Ninomiya T. , Koji T. , Shirasuna K. 
Published: August 2010

Background:  The mitotic activity of the epithelial cells of odontogenic keratocysts (OKCs) is greater than that of other odontogenic jaw cysts, and the mitotic activity of the epithelial cells decreases after marsupialization. Keratinocyte growth factor (KGF) interacts with its specific receptor (KGFR), and elicits the proliferation and/or differentiation of the various types of epithelial cells. The aim of this study was to investigate the expression of KGF/KGFR in OKCs before and after marsupialization.Methods:  The expression of KGF was immunohistochemically detected in the specimens of 16 OKCs and 11 dentigerous cysts before and after marsupialization. The expression of KGF mRNA was measured in the fibroblasts isolated from OKCs by real‐time PCR.Results:  KGF was expressed in the epithelial cells and fibroblasts of 12 and seven of 16 OKC specimens, respectively. The intensity of the KGF expression in both the epithelial cells and the fibroblasts significantly decreased after marsupialization. KGFR was expressed throughout the epithelium in 15 of 16 OKC specimens, but the intensity of the KGFR expression did not change after marsupialization. The expression of KGF was detected in the epithelium of two of 11 dentigerous cyst specimens, but not in the fibroblasts before marsupialization. Real‐time PCR revealed that recombinant human interleukin (IL)‐1α increased the expression of KGF mRNA in the fibroblasts isolated from OKCs.Conclusion:  KGF/KGFR signaling may play a crucial role in the epithelial cells of OKCs. Furthermore, the expression of KGF in the fibroblasts of OKCs is regulated by IL‐1α.
The close association between dental and periodontal treatments and oral ulcer course in behcet’s disease: a prospective clinical study
Authors: Karacayli Umit , Mumcu Gonca , Simsek Ismail , Pay Salih , Kose Osman , Erdem Hakan , Direskeneli Haner , Gunaydin Yılmaz , Dinc Ayhan 
Published: August 2010

Objective:  The aim of the study was to evaluate the influence of dental and periodontal treatments to the course of oral ulcers in patients with Behcet’s disease (BD).Methods:  Fifty‐eight consecutive BD patients with oral ulcers were studied. Twenty‐nine patients were in the intervention group (F/M: 15/14, mean age: 39.6 ± 6.9 years) and 29 (F/M: 15/14, 39.4 ± 10.6 years) were followed with a conventional treatment approach. In addition to oral hygiene education, dental and periodontal treatments were carried out in the intervention group, whereas the control group was only given oral hygiene education. Patients were evaluated in the pre‐treatment observation period (1 month), treatment period (1 month) and 6 months after treatment.Results:  An increase in the number of new oral ulcers (4.1 ± 3.5) was observed within 2 days during the treatment compared with 3–30 days during treatment month (2.3 ± 1.2) (P = 0.002). However, 6 months after the treatment, the number of oral ulcers (1.9 ± 1.5) was significantly lower compared with the pre‐treatment observation (4.8 ± 3.2) (P = 0.000) and treatment periods (6.4 ± 2.3) in the intervention group (P = 0.05), whereas a similar oral ulcer presence was observed in the control group (2.8 ± 2.4, 3.7 ± 2.3 and 4.8 ± 4.3, respectively) (P > 0.05). Dental and periodontal indices were also better in the intervention group during the 6‐month follow‐up.Conclusion:  Our results suggest that, in BD patients, dental and periodontal therapies could be associated with a flare‐up of oral ulcers in the short term, but may decrease their number in longer follow‐up. They also lead to a better oral health.
Clinicopathological and immunohistochemical features of oral spindle cell carcinoma
Authors: Romañach Mário José , Azevedo Rebeca Souza , Carlos Roman , De Almeida Oslei Paes , Pires Fábio Ramôa 
Published: August 2010

J Oral Pathol Med (2010) 39: 335–341Background:  Oral spindle cell carcinoma (SpCC) is a rare variant of oral squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). The aims of this study were to compare the clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical features of oral SpCC with conventional oral SCC.Methods:  Five cases of oral SpCC and 10 cases of oral SCC (five well‐differentiated and five poorly differentiated) were evaluated through conventional hematoxylin and eosin staining and immunohistochemical reactions to cytokeratins (CK), vimentin, desmin, smooth muscle actin, muscle‐specific actin, S‐100 protein, epithelial membrane antigen (EMA), p53, and ki‐67.Results:  Oral SpCC showed predilection for males on their sixth decade of life, presenting clinically as painful infiltrative ulcers or ulcerated exophytic polypoid masses, preferably located on the alveolar mucosa. Mesenchymal markers were expressed in the spindle cell but not in the carcinomatous component of SpCC, and it was negative in all SCC. CKs AE1/AE3, 6, 14, and EMA were positive on both carcinomatous and spindle cell components of most SpCCs. These tumors also presented higher p53 and ki‐67 expression and no CK 1 expression in contrast to well‐differentiated SCC.Conclusion:  Oral SpCC presented a different clinical profile than conventional SCC and histopathologic features and p53 and ki‐67 expression closer to poorly differentiated SCC. Besides mesenchymal markers, CK AE1/AE3, 6, 14, and EMA expression on spindle cells may be useful as an adjunct on microscopical differential diagnosis of SpCC.
The clustering of disorders in infants born before the 28th week of gestation
Authors: Leviton Alan , Dammann Olaf , Engelke Stephen , Allred Elizabeth , Kuban Karl CK , O’Shea T Michael , Paneth Nigel ,   for the ELGAN study investigators
Published: August 2010

AbstractAim:  To see whether disorders prevalent in infants born extremely preterm cluster.Design:  Observational cohort study.Setting:  University‐affiliated newborn intensive care nurseries.Subjects:  One thousand two hundred and twenty‐three infants born before the 28th week of gestation who survived until 36 weeks postmenstrual age when the diagnosis of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) could be made.Interventions:  None.Main outcome measures:  Cerebral white matter damage (an echolucent lesion, or moderate or severe ventriculomegaly on a protocol cranial ultrasound scan), BPD, retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) and early and late bacteremia.Results:  After adjustment for gestational age, children who had severe NEC (Bell stage IIIb) were at increased risk of cerebral white matter damage, severe ROP (stage 3+), and severe BPD (defined as both oxygen and ventilator dependent). Children who had early bacteremia were at increased risk of late bacteremia and severe ROP. Those who had severe ROP were at increased risk of severe BPD and both early and late bacteremia.Conclusions:  Necrotizing enterocolitis is the disorder common to most of the clusters, but we do not know if its onset occurred before the others. Organ‐damage‐promoting substances, however, have been found in the circulation of newborn animals with bowel inflammation, supporting the view that NEC contributes to the damage of other organs.
Mannose‐Specific and Hydrophobic Interaction Between Escherichia Coli and Polymorphonuclear Leukocytes ‐ Influence of Bacterial Culture Period
Authors: öhman Lena , Magnusson Karl‐Eric , Stendahl Olle 
Published: August 2010

The influence of culture period on mannose‐specific and hydrophobic properties of the bacterial surface and on bacteria/polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMNL) interaction was studied. Four E. coli strains, PN7 (01:K1), ABU2 (ON:K14), CU9 (06:K14) and CU13 (08:KN) and two Salmonella typhimurium strains 395 MR 10 and 395 MS, well characterized according to physicochemical surface properties, presence of type 1 fimbriae and interaction with PMNL, were used in the study.The results show that with prolonged culture period, the liability to hydrophobic interaction increases, the agglutination‐strength of mannose‐specific maltobionamide liposomes increases, while the agglutination‐titer with guinea‐pig erythrocytes remains constant. Furthermore, the mannose‐specific association with and metabolic activation of PMNL is augmented, while the ingestion is unchanged. In addition, our results demonstrate differences in sensitivity between the methods used to detect exposure of mannose‐specific structures on the surface of bacteria, and that the culture condition is important for bacterial surface properties.It thus appears that the culture conditions have a great influence on the surface properties of E. coli bacteria and the interaction with phagocytic cells.
The Determination of Specific IgA‐Antibodies to Yersinia Enterocolitica and Their Role In Enteric Infections and Their Complications
Authors: Larsen Jørgen Hannover , Hartzen Susanne Hartvig , Parm Michael 
Published: August 2010

Specific serum IgA‐antibodies, mainly produced in the lymphoid tissue of the gastrointestinal tract (GALT) might exhibit some special characteristics deviating from IgM‐ and IgG‐antibodies: they do not agglutinate nor fix complement. They cannot be determined by usual routine antibody techniques; indirect methods must be used. An antiglobulin‐assay was used in an extensive investigation over a two‐year period on sera from 8,445 patients to determine IgA‐antibodies specific to Yersinia enterocolitica, serotype 3. Y. enterocolitica agglutinins were found in 965 patients, 508 of them with significant titres of ≥ 80. 347 of the 2,111 patients with low titres (10 to 40) had a significantly elevated amount of IgA antibodies. The diagnoses of the IgA‐positive patients fell into three groups: 1) acute infections, 2) acute reactive complicatory inflammations, mainly arthritis, 3) chronic inflammatory connective tissue diseases. The IgA‐antibody pattern was: In early samples from patients with acute enteric infections they might be the only antibodies present following, largely, during the course of the disease the agglutinating IgM and IgG antibodies, except in patients with long‐lasting or chronic complications where IgA antibodies were elevated.It is concluded that determination of specific antibodies of IgA class in cases of Y. enterocolitica infections is an important diagnostic test and, moreover, of prognostic value in the evaluation of chronicity.
Consumption of Antibiotics in Three Clinical Departments and Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Clinically Significant Isolates of Coagu‐Lase‐Negative Micrococcaceae
Authors: Hansen Bente Gahrn 
Published: August 2010

Hansen, B. G. Consumption of antibiotics in three clinical departments and antimicrobial susceptibility of clinically significant isolates of coagulase‐negative Microccacaceae. Acta path, microbiol. immunol. scand. Sect. B, 93: 341–346, 1985.A total of 67 clinicallly significant isolates of coagulase‐negative Micrococcaceae originating from blood specimens from oncologic patients, from dialysate from patients on peritoneal dialysis, and from cerebrospinal fluid from neurosurgical patients with ventricular drainage devices were identified and classified 1) according to the scheme of Baird‐Parker and 2) by means of a simplified Kloos and Schleifer nomenclature. All blood isolates were classified as Staphylococcus epidermidis biotype 1 (Baird‐Parker), while approximately 20% of dialysate isolates and cerebrospinal fluid isolates fell into other staphylococcal biotypes or were classified as micrococci. Using the simplified Kloos and Schleifer nomenclature, five staphylococcal isolates (8%) (four from dialysate, one from cerebrospinal fluid) were classified as “Species other than S. epidermidis”. Isolates from blood exhibited a high frequency of resistance to the antibiotics tested, and 92% were found multiple‐resistant (i.e. were resistant to three or more antibiotics). Isolates from cerebrospinal fluid showed multiple‐resistance in 28%, while isolates from dialysate formed an intermediate group, 42% being multiple‐resistant. The frequency of multiple‐resistance was found to be correlated to the total consumption of antibiotics in the three clinical departments.
Approving for a Community Aged Care Package: Experiences and perceptions of six metropolitan aged care assessment service teams
Authors: Stephens Delwyne , Wells Yvonne , Gardner Ian 
Published: August 2010

Aim:  To establish whether the experiences and perceptions of different metropolitan Aged Care Assessment Service (ACAS) teams when approving people for Community Aged Care Packages (CACPs) were similar.Methods:  Six semi‐structured 30‐minute group interviews were completed.Results:  ACAS team approval processes for CACPs were similar. The primary criterion for approval was need for case management. Many factors, however, impinged on the approval process. Barriers to making approvals included long waiting times, a lack of confidence in the priority rating system, and consideration of whether a person was better off with Home and Community Care services because of the impact of the Australian Government's Cost Recovery policy.Conclusion:  ACAS teams have competing considerations when approving a person for a CACP. In particular, structural barriers, such as cost recovery policies, can have a significant negative impact on approval decisions.
Mental health literacy among young people in a small US town: recognition of disorders and hypothetical helping responses
Authors: Olsson Dudley P. , Kennedy May G. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractAim: Mental health literacy may be a factor in early detection and prompt treatment for mental, emotional and behavioural disorders among young people. Building on previous research in Australia, this study assessed aspects of mental health literacy among adolescents in classrooms in a small town in the eastern USA.Methods: The students were provided brief, hypothetical, gender‐matched scenarios about adolescents experiencing negative emotions and exhibiting related behaviours; some scenarios depicted diagnosable disorders. The respondents were asked to characterize each scenario as describing a mental health problem or other teen problem and indicate how they would respond to a peer who had such a problem.Results: Overall levels of recognition of mental disorders were low (27.5% identified anxiety and 42.4% identified depression as ‘a mental health problem or illness’). However, the respondents who recognized a disorder were three to four times more likely than those who did not to say they would take some helping action, such as telling an adult about the problem (depression: odds ratio 3.27; CI 1.43–7.46, anxiety: OR 4.43; CI 2.23–8.79). Few students (27.7%) remembered in‐class discussions of mental health, a mandated health topic for schools in their area.Conclusions: There appears to be substantial room for improvement in mental health literacy among young people, and the development of interventions to enhance mental health literacy among students may be justified.
Meaningful lives: supporting young people with psychosis in education, training and employment: an international consensus statement
Authors:   The International First Episode Vocational Recovery (iFEVR) Group
Published: August 2010

AbstractAim: Unemployment is the major disability faced by people with psychotic illness. Unemployment rates of 75–95% are found among those with schizophrenia. Unemployment is associated with poorer social and economic inclusion, greater symptomatology, decreased autonomy and generally poorer life functioning. Unemployment also makes up over half of the total costs associated with psychotic illness.Methods: A meeting was convened in London in June 2008. Invitees to this meeting included people from the USA, Canada and the UK interested in vocational intervention in early psychosis from either a research, clinical, economic or policy point of view. From this meeting a larger group – the International First Episode Vocational Recovery (iFEVR) group – has developed an international consensus statement about vocational recovery in first episode psychosis.Results: The document is a basic statement of the rights of young people with psychosis to pursue employment, education and training; the evidence which exists to help them do this; and ways in which individuals, organizations and governments can assist the attainment of these ends.Conclusion: It is hoped that the Meaningful Lives consensus statement will increase the focus on the area of functional recovery and lift it to be seen in parallel with symptomatic recovery in the approach to treating early psychosis.
Serological Survey of Toxoplasma gondii Infection in the Domestic Goose (Anser domestica) in Southern China
Authors: Yan C. , Yue C. L. , Zhang H. , Yin C. C. , He Y. , Yuan Z. G. , Lin R. Q. , Song H. Q. , Zhang K. X. , Zhu X. Q. 
Published: August 2010

SummaryIn the present study, the antibodies to Toxoplasma gondii in 191 farm‐bred and 83 house‐bred geese (Anser domestica) were assessed for the prevalence of T. gondii infection in southern China with the modified agglutination test. Antibodies to T. gondii (MAT ≥ 1 : 5) were found in 27 (14.14%) of farm‐bred geese and 14 (16.87%) of house‐bred geese. Geese infected with T. gondii may be a source of T. gondii infection for humans and cats.