bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Factors predicting suicidality in patients with major depressive disorder
Authors: Chen Jen-Ping , Cheng Chih-Ming , Li Cheng-Ta 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Purpose: Suicide is a serious complication for patients with major depressive disorder (MDD). However, there has not been a broadly accepted scoring system for the assessment of suicidal risk in these patients. This study developed a new model to estimate the risk of suicide in patients with MDD through clinical and sociodemographic factors.
Methods: A total of 288 patients with MDD who made their first visit to our outpatient department were enrolled. Objective variables were thoroughly assessed and evaluated. Suicidal ideation was used as the dependent variable. Univariable logistic regression was used for the selection of variables. Multivariable logistic regression was performed for the selected variables to build our model, and an ROC curve was generated for analysis.
Results: Past suicidal attempt (p<0.001), number of failed antidepressant categories (p=0.001), disease onset earlier than 25 years old (p=0.011), high disease severity (p=0.002), previous psychiatric ward admission (p=0.001), and recurrent MDD (p=0.045) were found to lead to higher suicide risks. A six-item model including these factors was then derived from the multivariable logistic regression (area under curve = 0.768, p < 0.001).
Conclusion: Six clinical variables were included in our model. This model can serve as a valuable reference to prompt the modification and invention of alternative rating scales in the future.
Role of Circulating Inflammatory Proteins in Chronic Hepatitis B: A Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Study.
Authors: Lin Na , Chen FengLin 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background: Alterations in circulating inflammatory proteins are strongly associated with the progression of chronic hepatitis B (Chon B); however, the nature of this causal relationship remains unclear. Therefore, we conducted two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) to explore the association between circulating inflammatory proteins and CHB.
Methods: Data for 91 circulating inflammatory proteins, including interleukin (IL)-10, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and two CHB databases were sourced from the genome-wide association studies (GWAS) catalog and International Epidemiology Unit (IEU) Open GWAS project, respectively. MR analysis was performed using inverse variance weighting and several robustness, heterogeneity, and directionality checks, including MR-Egger, Cochran’s Q, MR-PRESSO, leave-one-out, and Steiger analyses. The variability of MR estimates for overlapping circulating inflammatory proteins across CHB datasets were evaluated using single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) annotations of genes potentially linked to CHB infection.
Results: We identified 4,044 SNPs associated with CHB and circulating inflammatory proteins; nine proteins correlated with CHB in the ebi-a-GCST90018804 dataset, whereas seven associated with CHB in the bbj-a-99 dataset. Heterogeneity assessment in both datasets excluded proteins with significant heterogeneity and confirmed the hypothesized direction of causality using Steiger’s test. Meta-analysis revealed that IL-13 was associated with an increased CHB risk, whereas monocyte chemoattractant protein-3 (MCP-3) was associated with a decreased risk; these effects were consistent across the two datasets. An additional 32 genes associated with CHB infection were identified.
Conclusion: IL-13 and MCP-3 demonstrate a causal relationship with CHB; they hold promise as inflammatory markers of CHB risk and potential targets for future therapeutic strategies against this disease.
Effect of bedside ultrasound-guided versus fluoroscopy-guided transvenous cardiac temporary pacing in children with bradyarrhythmia
Authors: Wang Yefeng , Zuo Chao , Wang Xiang , Xiao Yunbin , Zeng Min , Yang Yufang , Chen Zhi 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

To compare the efficacy and safety of bedside ultrasound-guided and fluoroscopy-guided transvenous cardiac temporary pacing in the treatment of bradyarrhythmia in children. Children treated by temporary intravenous cardiac pacing from January 2016 to June 2023 in Hunan Provincial Children's Hospital were enrolled, and the characteristics and data of the cases were summarized. Patients were divided into bedside ultrasound-guided group (ultrasound group) and fluoroscopy-guided group (fluoroscopy group) according to the implantation guidance methods. The efficacy, safety and incidence of complications in children were compared, and follow-up analysis was carried out. A total of 30 children were enrolled, including 18 males and 12 females, with a median age of 5.5 (2.9, 10.0) years and a median weight of 18.7 (12.7, 32.7) kg. The most common primary diseases were fulminant myocarditis (13/30 cases) and congenital high-grade AVB (10/30 cases). Among them, the proportion of congenital high AVB in the fluoroscopy group was significantly higher than that in the ultrasound group, and the difference was statistically significant (p=0.007). The implantation process was successful in all 30 children. From the time of pacing decision to implantation, the median time of ultrasound group was 56 (30,60) min, and that of fluoroscopy group was 154 (78,180) min, with a statistically significant difference (P<0.001). A total of 5 cases developed complications. There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups (P>0.05). Compared with traditional fluoroscopic temporary pacing, bedside ultrasound-guided temporary pacing technology can effectively shorten the operation time and reduce the occurrence of complications, and has become a better choice for children's emergency and critical care treatment. The right internal jugular vein is preferred for intravenous implantation.
A Miniaturized Enhanced Gain Wideband Metamaterial Loaded Planar Inverted F-L Implant Antenna
Authors: Salama Sanaa , ZYOUD D. , Abuelhaija Associate , Saleh Associate 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

The antenna presented in this work is a planar inverted F-L (PIFLIA) implant antenna. The PIFLIA characteristics are improved by loading it with a metamaterial. A metamaterial is an artificial material engineered having properties that are unavailable in nature. The metamaterial is designed using an H-shaped split rectangular resonator as the unit cell. Unit cells are the main element of metamaterials. The antenna is constructed on a substrate material of RO3010. To reduce the antenna's size and enhance its bandwidth, a 2x2 array of the metamaterial unit cell is printed on the opposite side of the substrate. While, the planar inverted F-L antenna is on the upper side of the substrate. This arrangement results in a compact antenna structure. The size of the metamaterial-loaded PIFLA antenna is specified as 16 × 10 × 1.28 mm³. The structure and simulation of the proposed antenna are performed using CST (Computer Simulation Technology) software, a popular tool for electromagnetic simulations. The relative permittivity, ε_r, relative permeability, μ_r, and refractive index, n of the metamaterial unit cell are determined from the scattering parameters and plotted using Matlab, a high-level programming language commonly used for numerical simulations and data analysis. The simulated S_11 of the antenna indicates excellent performance with less than -32 dB return loss in the industrial, scientific, and medical (ISM) band and the medical implant communication services (MICS) band. Additionally, the antenna supports a wide frequency bandwidth, including the MICS band [393.3 – 412.64 MHz], the ISM band [2 – 2.6 GHz], and two additional frequency bands: [1.2 – 1.3 GHz] and [2.8 - 3.6 GHz]. The introduced metamaterial-loaded PIFLA implant antenna is implemented, and the measurements were in consistent with the simulation results.
Exchange prices shocks and inflation rate persistence for north African countries: a fractional cointegration relationship
Authors: BENKHELOUF Rachid , SAHED Abdelkader 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

This study aims to analyse the relationship between exchange rate and inflation rates persistence in North African countries (Algeria, Tunisia, and Morocco) to determine the extent of inflation persistence in face to exchange rate shocks from January 1987 to April 2023 using the recently developed Fractional Cointegration Model. This topic was chosen due to its significance for monetary policymakers, investors, financial analysts and academics in understanding the dynamics of inflation persistence in North African countries. Our results also showed that Algeria, Tunisia and Morocco has a co-integration relationship between exchange rate and the inflation rate, As exchange rate shocks cause permanent inflation persistence in Algeria and the variation in the inflation rate in Tunisia will persistence for a longer period due to the shock of exchange rate before eventually fading away and the change in the persistence of inflation rate in a Morocco due to an exchange rate shock will fade away within a short period.
Interplay of Natural and Anthropogenic Inputs on the Groundwater Contamination of Beenaganj-Chachura Block
Authors: Murthy Yogesh Iyer , Ahirwar Sanjeev , Samaiya Nitin 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

The present research work investigates the impact of natural and anthropogenic inputs on the chemistry and quality of the groundwater in the Beenaganj-Chachura block of Madhya Pradesh, India. A total of 50 groundwater samples were examined for Nitrates, Fluoride, chlorides, TDS, Calcium, Magnesium, pH, total hardness and conductivity and their impact on Entropy Weighted Water Quality Index (EWQI) and Pollution Index of Groundwater (PIG) was investigated via the Response Surface Methodology (RSM) using the Central Composite Design (CCD). According to analytical findings, Calcium (Ca), Magnesium (Mg), Chloride ions (Cl−), Sulphate ions (SO42−), and Nitrate ions (NO3−) exceed the Desired Limit (DL) and permitted limit (PL) set by the Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) and the World Health Organization (WHO). According to PIG findings, 76%, 16%, and 8% of groundwater samples, respectively, fell into the insignificant, low, and moderate pollution categories. The regression coefficients of the quadratic RSM models for the experimental data provided excellent results. Thus, RSM provides an excellent means to obtain the optimized values of input parameters to minimize the PIG values.
Longitudinal study of foot-and-mouth disease virus in Northern Nigeria: implications for the roles of small ruminants and environmental contamination in endemic settings
Authors: Gubbins Simon , Brown Emma , Wungak Yiltawe , Oyekan Olumuyiwa , Adedeji Adeyinka J. , Ijoma Sandra I. , Atai Rebecca B. , Oguche Moses O. , Samson Mark , Dogonyaro Banenat B. , Rosso Fabrizio , Hicks Hayley , Wood Britta A. , Wadsworth Jemma , Knowles Nick , King Donald P. , Ludi Anna B. , Colenutt Claire , Shaw Andrew E. , Limon Georgina , Ehizibolo David O. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is a highly contagious disease affecting cloven-hoofed ungulates. This study aimed to enhance our understanding of the role of small ruminants and environmental contamination in the epidemiology and endemicity of FMD. A longitudinal study was conducted between March 2021 and October 2021 in northern Nigeria, where monthly samples were collected from five households, one livestock market and one transhumance location in two local government areas (LGA) identified as being at high risk of FMD. Serum samples (n = 783), oral swabs (n = 424) and environmental swabs (n = 458) were collected and tested for the presence of FMDV RNA by rRT-PCR. Serum samples (n = 780) were also tested for the presence of antibodies against FMD virus (FMDV) non-structural proteins. The proportion of FMDV RNA positive samples increased in all sample types collected in one LGA during the period when an FMD outbreak was reported in the same LGA. In contrast, sero-positive samples did not differ by month but differed between LGAs and amongst species. The force of infection (FOI) estimated from age-seroprevalence data for each household was significantly lower in goats compared with both cattle or sheep. Five O/EA-3 topotype sequences were obtained from selected FMDV RNA positive samples; findings which support the use of environmental swabs to detect circulating FMDV strains in endemic settings. These results show oral and environmental swabs are suitable sampling methods for early detection at animal and herd level respectively, and provide insights on the role of small ruminants on FMD epidemiology.
Prevention and Control Strategies of Network Mass Incidents in Colleges and Universities from the Perspective of Cooperative Governance
Authors: Chen Yong , Feng Huaifang 
Published: April 2024

The frequent occurrence of network mass incidents has posed new requirements and challenges to the governance capabilities of colleges and universities. However, the traditional management model of network mass incidents in colleges and universities has limitations in terms of management boundaries, subject status and participation, prevention and remedy. Introducing the concept of cooperative governance and constructing a cooperative governance model for network mass incidents in colleges and universities can effectively solve the current governance dilemma. This requires the cooperation of all parties to achieve a governance structure of "one core, multiple elements" for network mass incidents in colleges and universities, and improve the effectiveness of governance through cooperation, establish a sound mechanism for the balance of subject rights and responsibilities, information disclosure, expression and response of appeals, dialogue and negotiation, trust and supervision, so as to realize the transformation and upgrading of the handling of online mass incidents in universities from "traditional management" to "cooperative governance".
Studies in the Measurements of Refractive Index of Substituted Thio-Carbamidonapthols In 100% & 90% Binary Mixtures of 70% Etoh-H2O Mixture at 298.15 K
Authors: Khan S. R. , Lunge M. S. Lunge , Tayade D. T. 
Published: April 2024

After synthesis of any chemical moiety; physico-chemical properties of that chemical moiety must be investigated. These are essential for predications of medicinal, agricultural, industrial, biochemical and biological applications theoretically and refractometric measurement is one of the best method for the determination of the same in the drug chemistry. Refractometric measurements of chemical moiety are one of the important study for understanding the pharmacokinetics study of synthesized or isolated chemical moiety. Considering all these things refractrometic measurements of 4-amino-1-naphthol [4-AN], 4-phenylthiocarbamido-1-naphthol [4-PTCN], 4-p-chlorophenylthiocarbamido-1-naphthol [4-p-CPTCN] and 4-p-tolylthiocarbamido-1-naphthol [4-p-TPTCN] have been carried out at 100% and 90%, binary mixtures of 70% ethanol-water mixtures in 0.002, 0.004, 0.006, 0.008 and 0.01M concentrations at 298.15K were successfully investigated and gave good results.
Self Nanoemulsifying Drug Delivery System: A Comrhensive Review
Authors: Anuja Gawai G. , Sandip Atram C. , Rupali Sable P. , Vrunda Rajput J. , Subhod Urkunde A. 
Published: April 2024

SNEDDS is also important to create a wide interface for distributing the hydrophobic drug between the oil and aqueous phase, increasing the overall bioavailability of the drug.This process can be stabilized using emulsifiers that reduce interfacial tension.Self-nanoemulsified dosage forms can improve the oral bioavailability of biopharmaceutical class II and IV drugs, The potential mechanism by which SNEDDS increases oral bioavailability.Oral administration of peptides due to proteins is a very difficult task due to poor water quality, poor permeability and tolerance of intestinal environmental stability. Many strategies are being investigated to increase the oral absorption of protein. Recently, evaluated the ability of SNEDDS to improve the oral bioavailability of β-lactamase, a model protein. SNEDDS to the solid state can reduce chemical degradation, but in many cases does not eliminate it. Therefore, it is important to identify microenvironment modification strategies to improve the stability of pH-sensitive drugs.
A Study of Diversity and Performance in Internal Audit Teams: Insights from Chief Audit Executives
Authors: Bonrath Annika , Eulerich Marc 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT
Given heterogeneous findings on how diversity impacts performance, we investigate diversity in internal audit teams. Using responses from 302 chief audit executives, we analyze demographic and cognitive diversity’s effects on perceived internal audit performance. Our metrics go beyond gender diversity to include nationality and education. National diversity gains importance with the increasing internationalization of companies and the global focus of internal auditing. Our findings highlight that gender diversity is conducive to team performance, whereas a skewed gender composition may impede it. We find that national and educational diversity might enhance perceived performance. However, our results indicate that in certain configurations, such as gender-uniform groups, perceived performance may be higher, revealing a complex relation between our measures for diversity and perceived performance. Our findings reveal diversity may induce biases to exclude minority groups, such that teams do not integrate additional perspectives to improve decision-making and offset the expected benefits of diversity.
Data Availability: The data that support the findings of this study are available from the authors upon request.
Association of Water Arsenic With Incident Diabetes in U.S. Adults: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis and the Strong Heart Study
Authors: Spaur Maya , Galvez-Fernandez Marta , Chen Qixuan , Lombard Melissa A. , Bostick Benjamin C. , Factor-Litvak Pam , Fretts Amanda M. , Shea Steven J. , Navas-Acien Ana , Nigra Anne E. 
Published: April 2024

OBJECTIVE
We examined the association of arsenic in federally regulated community water systems (CWS) and unregulated private wells with type 2 diabetes (T2D) incidence in the Strong Heart Family Study (SHFS), a prospective study of American Indian communities, and the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA), a prospective study of racially and ethnically diverse urban U.S. communities.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
We evaluated 1,791 participants from SHFS and 5,777 participants from MESA who had water arsenic estimates available and were free of T2D at baseline (2001–2003 and 2000–2002, respectively). Participants were followed for incident T2D until 2010 (SHFS cohort) or 2019 (MESA cohort). We used Cox proportional hazards mixed-effects models to account for clustering by family and residential zip code, with adjustment for sex, baseline age, BMI, smoking status, and education.

RESULTS
T2D incidence was 24.4 cases per 1,000 person-years (mean follow-up, 5.6 years) in SHFS and 11.2 per 1,000 person-years (mean follow-up, 14.0 years) in MESA. In a meta-analysis across the SHFS and MESA cohorts, the hazard ratio (95% CI) per doubling in CWS arsenic was 1.10 (1.02, 1.18). The corresponding hazard ratio was 1.09 (0.95, 1.26) in the SHFS group and 1.10 (1.01, 1.20) in the MESA group. The corresponding hazard ratio (95% CI) for arsenic in private wells and incident T2D in SHFS was 1.05 (0.95, 1.16). We observed statistical interaction and larger magnitude hazard ratios for participants with BMI &lt;25 kg/m2 and female participants.

CONCLUSIONS
Low to moderate water arsenic levels (&lt;10 µg/L) were associated with T2D incidence in the SHFS and MESA cohorts.
Early-Onset Hypertension and Sex-Specific Residual Risk for Cardiovascular Disease in Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Ji Hongwei , Ebinger Joseph E. , Kwan Alan C. , Reue Karen , Sullivan Jennifer C. , Shyy John , Cheng Susan 
Published: April 2024

OBJECTIVE
To investigate whether the sex disparities in type 2 diabetes–associated cardiovascular disease (CVD) risks may be related to early-onset hypertension that could benefit from intensive blood pressure (BP) control.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
We analyzed intensive versus standard BP control in relation to incident CVD events in women and men with type 2 diabetes, based on their age of hypertension diagnosis.

RESULTS
Among 3,792 adults with type 2 diabetes (49% women), multivariable-adjusted CVD risk was increased per decade earlier age at hypertension diagnosis (hazard ratio 1.11 [1.03–1.21], P = 0.006). Excess risk associated with early-diagnosed hypertension was attenuated in the presence of intensive versus standard antihypertensive therapy in women (P = 0.036) but not men (P = 0.76).

CONCLUSIONS
Women with type 2 diabetes and early-onset hypertension may represent a higher-risk subpopulation that not only contributes to the excess in diabetes-related CVD risk for women but may benefit from intensive BP control.
On using artificial intelligence technologies in blended learning
Authors: Шихнабиева Т.Ш. 
Published: April 2024

В данной статье представлены актуальные проблемы реализации смешанного обучения, пути их решения на основе использования технологий искусственного интеллекта. Также в статье освещён опыт организации смешанного обучения за рубежом и в нашей стране, представлены особенности его организации в современных условиях.
This article presents current problems of implementing blended learning and ways to solve them based on the use of artificial intelligence technologies. The article also highlights the experience of organizing blended learning abroad and in our country, and presents the features of its organization in modern conditions.
Digital Literacy in the Service of Science and Scientific Knowledge
Authors: Dašić Dejan , Ilievska Kostadinović Marija , Vlajković Minja , Pavlović Marko 
Published: April 2024

The subject of this paper is the interdependence of communication and digital literacy, as original entities, and especially digital communication and science and scientific knowledge. In the present day, digital literacy is a necessary ability for scientific professionals. The concept of digital literacy is increasingly prevalent in the 21st century. Scientific research requires the capacity to efficiently use digital tools, platforms, and databases as technology continues to improve at an unparalleled rate. The capacity to get and assess data from a variety of online sources is a crucial component of digital literacy for scientific professionals. In order to encourage cooperation and creativity across scientific groups, digital literacy is vital. Moreover, scientific professionals that possess digital literacy are better equipped to disseminate their research findings to a larger audience. The essence is that the higher the level of digital literacy, the easier it is to find suitable and therefore the best forms of communication.