bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploring the determinants of risk behavior for transfusion transmissible infections among first-time blood donors in Mandalay General Hospital, Myanmar
Authors: Oo Myo Zin , Tint Soe Sandi , Wiwatkunupakarn Nutchar , Panza Alessio , Angkurawaranon Chaisiri , Oo Kyaw Min 
Published: May 2024

Introduction
Blood donation is vital to healthcare, but it must be kept safe by mitigating the risk of transfusion transmissible infections (TTIs). The objective of this study was to investigate the factors that influence risk behavior for transfusion transmissible infections among first-time blood donors at Mandalay General Hospital, Myanmar.

Methods
This study utilized a cross-sectional study design using secondary data. Mandalay city and Mandalay Blood Bank in Mandalay General Hospital were purposely selected and a total of 406 first-time blood donors participated. A structured questionnaire administered by an interviewer was used. The questionnaire contained background characteristics, knowledge on TTIs, attitude toward TTIs, and TTIs risk behaviors. To examine the determinants (background characteristics, knowledge, and attitude) that affect risk behavior, inferential statistics techniques that included the chi-squared test, bivariable logistic regression, and multivariable logistic regression were applied. A p-value of less than 0.05 signified statistical significance.

Results
Among 406 first-time blood donors, 52.9% were under 20 years old, and 53.7% were male. Most had undergraduate education (77.6%), were married (84.2%), and were students (55.7%). Additionally, 76.8% hadn’t received the hepatitis B vaccine. Blood groups were distributed as follows: B (40.0%), O (33.8%), A (23.4%), AB (8.9%). About 15.8% showed high knowledge level, and 63.6% had high attitude. Notably, 29.3% exhibited high-risk behavior for TTIs. Age was associated with lower risk behavior (OR = 1.54, 95% CI: 0.99, 2.38, p = 0.049), but lost significance in multivariable regression (p = 0.214). Knowledge on TTIs didn’t show significance. However, high attitudes were significantly associated with lower risk behavior (OR = 11.4, 95% CI: 1.25, 103.83, p = 0.017, retained in multivariable regression, p = 0.012).

Conclusion
Findings of this study contribute in the development of programs that ensure a safe and reliable blood supply chain. To improve blood safety standards among first-time blood donors, this study highlights the value of targeted education and screening processes, placing particular emphasis on acquiring knowledge and positive attitude toward blood donation and risk behavior.
Going Local: An Agency-Based Approach to Collapse, Resistance, and Resilience in Hittite Anatolia
Authors: Gerçek N. İlgi 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Crisis and collapse have long been prominent themes in Hittite studies (much more so than the related topics of resistance and resilience) and most of the extant body of scholarship on these themes have concentrated on the disintegration of the Hittite Empire around 1200 BCE. Though the events, conditions and processes that culminated in the disintegration of the Hittite Empire elude historical reconstruction, recent studies have unanimously rejected monocausal explanations of collapse in favor of the view that it was brought about by a combination of factors – internal, external, acute or chronic. In Hittite scholarship, the study of collapse and its aftermath have typically operated within a markedly state-centered and progressivist framework, focusing primarily on figuring out “what went wrong.” Meanwhile, especially in text-based studies, the agency and resilience of local, small(er)-scale, peripheral, and non-state individuals and communities, as well as their role in the construction, maintenance, and collapse of the Hittite empire, remain largely overlooked. The aim of the present paper is to shift the focus and scale of analysis away from the state, and to draw out from the textual record, the long-term agency, resistance, and resilience of local, small-scale, and often non-state individuals, communities, or socio-political institutions, which have typically been left out of text-based modern narratives. This paper will reassess the prominent view of the Hittite king (and state) as the absolute political, military, judicial, and religious authority, and argue that certain local and non-state communities and socio-political institutions exercised diverse kinds of agency, were remarkably resilient in the long term, and survived the final collapse of the Hittite state. In order to situate the inquiry in its broader scholarly and intellectual context, it will begin with an overview of where things stand in the study of the Hittite collapse. The next step will be to identify individual or collective local actors in the textual record. It will lastly focus on the interactions of diverse local agents with the Hittite state.
HLA-DRB5 promotes immune thrombocytopenia via activating CD8+ T cells
Authors: Ye Qidong , Ying Qianqian , Chen Ying , Liao Cong , Li Anrong 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is an autoimmune disease characterized by a low platelet (PLT) count and a high risk of bleeding, the clinical treatment for which still needs to be upgraded. Based on the critical role of human leukocyte antigen class II heterodimer β5 (HLA-DRB5) in immune system, we herein investigated its effect on ITP. ITP murine models were established by the injection of guinea pig anti-mouse platelet serum (GP-APS), and the PLT of mouse peripheral blood was counted during the modeling. Quantitative real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, western blot and immunofluorescence assay was performed to quantify expressions of HLA-DRB5, major histocompatibility complex II (MHC-II) and co-stimulatory molecules (CD80, CD86). Flow cytometry was conducted to analyze the percentage of CD8+ T cells. As a result, the PLT count was decreased in mouse peripheral blood. Expressions of HLA-DRB5, MHC-II and co-stimulatory molecules, as well as the percentage of CD8+ T cells were elevated in peripheral blood of ITP mice. HLA-DRB5 knockdown mitigated ITP by increasing peripheral PLT level, downregulating expressions of MHC-II and co-stimulatory molecules and inactivating CD8+ T cells. Collectively, the downregulation of HLA-DRB5 restores the peripheral PLT count in ITP mice by reducing MHC-II-mediated antigen presentation of macrophages to inhibit the activation of CD8+ T cells.
Nanoformulations for lysozyme-based additives in animal feed: An alternative to fight antibiotic resistance spread
Authors: Aratboni Hossein Alishah , Olvera Clarita , Ayala Marcela 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The problem of antibiotic resistance (AR) in pathogenic bacteria due to the massive use of antibiotics in animals is an underestimated issue. Finding alternatives to reduce or eliminate the appearance and spread of AR is a pressing issue for humanity. Enzymes with antibiotic properties may serve as antimicrobial agents, less prone to generating AR due to their proteic nature and mode of action. Lysozyme is a natural antimicrobial agent, amenable to replacing small-molecule antibiotics in animal farming (poultry and livestock) due to its similar effects on animal health and growth. Moreover, it is safe for human and animal consumption and environmentally friendly due to its biodegradability. The development and testing against pathogens of lysozyme-containing nanomaterials fabricated with biocompatible polymers, particularly polysaccharides is reviewed, focusing on their antimicrobial properties, often superior to lysozyme alone due to a synergistic effect of the nanoscaled materials.
A homotopic analysis of the blood-based bioconvection Carreau–Yasuda hybrid nanofluid flow over a stretching sheet with convective conditions
Authors: Yasmin Humaira , AL-Essa Laila A. , Bossly Rawan , Alrabaiah Hussam , Lone Showkat Ahmad , Saeed Anwar 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The time-independent and incompressible blood-based hybrid nanofluid flow, including Au and Cu nanoparticles across an expanding sheet, has been studied. To illustrate the non-Newtonian performance of the blood-based hybrid nanofluid flow, a non-Newtonian model known as the Carreau–Yasuda model is used. The hybrid nanofluid flow is studied under the influence of magnetic effects, thermal radiation, Brownian motion, thermophoresis, and chemical reactivity. Homotopy analysis method (HAM) is employed to evaluate the modeled equations. A study is conducted on the convergence analysis of HAM, and the HAM and numerical analyses are compared. From the present analysis, the velocity profile increases with an increase in Weissenberg number and decreases with increasing magnetic factor. The temperature, concentration, and microorganisms profiles increase in tandem with the higher thermal Biot, concentration Biot, and microorganism Biot numbers. The thermal and concentration profiles, respectively, have decreased due to the larger thermal and concentration relaxation time factors. The microorganism profiles have decreased due to the increased bioconvection of Lewis and Peclet populations. The modeled equations can be solved by both the HAM and the numerical approaches, validating both approaches to solution.
Cymbopogon proximus phytochemicals induce S-phase arrest in A549 lung cancer cell lines via CDK2/cyclin A2 inhibition: gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and molecular docking analyses
Authors: Seif-Eldein Noha A. , Abu El Wafa Salwa A. , Mohammed Esraa Z. , Temraz Abeer 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Cymbopogon proximus comprises several phytoconstituent classes that are reported to possess anticancer activity; however, studies on the anticancer potentials of the plant are lacking. C. proximus was extracted using solvents with increasing polarity. In-vitro cytotoxic activity of C. proximus extracts was examined against liver (HepG2), lung (A549), prostate (PC3), and bone (MG63) cell lines using MTT assay in comparison to doxorubicin. Flow cytometry was used to analyze the cell cycle for identification of the phase of inhibition. Chemical composition of the most active fraction was examined using the GC/MS technique. Molecular docking was used to explore the mechanism of cytotoxicity against A549, and the results were confirmed by Western blot analysis. Petroleum ether fraction was the highly effective fraction against A549 with IC50 = 14.02 ± 2.79. GC/MS analysis of Pet.Eth led to the identification of nine compounds in unsaponifiable matter and 27 components in the saponifiable fraction. Di-N-octyl phthalate, 3-β-hydroxylean-11.13(18)-dien-30-oic acid methyl ester, elemol hydrocarbons, linoelaidic acid and linoleic acid demonstrated the lowest docking binding scores and similar binding modes against CDK2 as compared to that attained by the native ligand R-Roscovitine “CDK2 ATP inhibitor”. Western blot analysis demonstrated that CDK2/cyclinA2 protein expression has been suppressed in A549 cell lines by Pet.Eth fraction.
Entity Sentiment Analysis with the Netray Monitoring Tool in Indonesian Online News Media on the Fuel Price Hike
Authors: Tjahyana Lady Joanne , Lesmana Fanny 
Published: May 2024

Introduction. This study aims to find the sentiment in Indonesian online news media surrounding the government’s decision to increase fuel prices on September 3rd, 2022. Additionally, this study investigates the discourses of situational crisis communication strategies (SCCT) around the critical entities in each positive and negative sentiment. Method. The researchers conduct entity sentiment analysis by collecting news data, identifying the primary entities, and analyzing the sentiment using the Netray monitoring tool. The researchers employ critical discourse analysis to find how the media portrays the SCCT strategies surrounding the key entities in positive and negative sentiment news. Analysis. The dominant strategies for positive sentiment are rebuild and bolstering strategies, whereas for negative sentiment, diminish strategies prevail. Results. At the outset, the discourses reflect the strategies positively encompassing the primary entity “price” as the representation of government policy. The subsequent discourses depict the strategies negatively, focusing on “Pertamina” as responsible for the policy’s operational aspects. Positive discourses for “Pertamina” are consistently distributed, adeptly constructing a positive image in the news. The discourses highlight the “fishermen” as a prominent group to convey both positive and negative sentiments. Conclusions. The government and PT Pertamina should monitor the narrative surrounding primary entities as it can enhance or harm their reputation.
Influence of solvent type and leaf moisture on extraction efficiency of major steviol glycosides in stevia (var. Levent 93) plant
Authors: Zoua Assoumou U.T. , Öziyci H.R. , Hacıoğlu A. , Karhan M. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractSteviol glycosides (SGs) are natural sweeteners derived from stevia leaves, which have various applications in food and beverage products. The extraction efficiency of SGs depends on several factors, such as solvent type, solid to solvent ratio, centrifugal force, and temperature. This study aimed to compare the effects of different solvents (ethanol and water) and leaf moisture (dry and fresh) on the extraction efficiency of major steviol glycosides (SGs) of rebaudioside A (Reb A), stevioside (ST), and rebaudioside C (Reb C) in stevia (var. Levent 93) plant. A Box–Behnken design was used to optimise the extraction parameters for each extraction type. The results showed that ethanol was a more effective solvent than water, however, aqueous extraction was more environmentally friendly and low-cost, and could also yield high concentrations of SGs when fresh leaves were used. The major SGs had similar concentrations in ethanolic extraction, but Reb A was twice as high as ST in aqueous extraction. Reb C was influenced by the solid to solvent ratio in both extraction types, but more so in water extraction. Temperature had a positive effect on ST and Reb C in water extraction of fresh leaves, but not in water extraction of dry leaves or ethanolic extraction. The results of this study contribute to the optimisation of SGs extraction from stevia leaves and provide insights for future research on the effects of different solvents and extraction parameters on the quality and purity of SGs.
A spanner in the taxonomic works? A simultaneous spawning irruption of Giant Pyxicephalus adspersus and Edible P. edulis Bullfrogs
Authors: Engelbrecht Derek 
Published: May 2024

This note reports on observations of the simultaneous breeding irruptions of Pyxicephalus adspersus and P. edulis at the same place and time on the farm Uitkoms 864 LS north of Polokwane (23° 41' 30"S, 29° 30' 23"E, QDGC 2329DA; 1192 m a.s.l.). The frogs were calling and spawning over an area of approximately 3 500 m2 which comprised of a series of several shallow pools of varying degrees of interconnectedness. There was no apparent niche separation within the pools, and both species were found in all areas of the pools. Callings males were well-spaced, usually at least 30 cm between calling P. adspersus and P. edulis males. Typical of bullfrog spawning aggregations, both species exhibited aggressive behaviour, both intra- and interspecifically.
COMPUTER VISION TECHNOLOGIES FOR HUMAN POSE ESTIMATION IN EXERCISE: ACCURACY AND PRACTICALITY
Authors: Latyshev Mykola , Lopatenko Georgiy , Shandryhos Viktor , Yarmoliuk Olena , Pryimak Mariia , Kvasnytsia Iryna 
Published: May 2024

Information technologies are increasingly being integrated into all aspects of human life. Over the past few years, the use of machine learning models for human pose detection has significantly increased. As the realms of technology and physical activity converge, understanding the potential of these innovations becomes imperative for refining exercise monitoring systems. The aim of the research - evaluate the accuracy and viability of employing modern computer vision technologies in the identification of human pose during physical exercises. The study employed a combination of machine learning methods, video analysis, a review of scientific literature, and methods from mathematical statistics. The precision evaluation of contemporary machine learning models was conducted on a prepared dataset, comprising annotated images featuring students executing a body balance test with the camera positioned directly towards the subjects. The obtained data showed that both MediaPipe and OpenPose models proficiently recognize key anatomical landmarks during the conducted test. The MediaPipe model demonstrates a lower percentage of deviation from manual annotation compared to OpenPose for most key points: the mean deviation exceeds the threshold for 11 out of 15 key points and 7 out of 18 key points, as defined by the OpenPose and MediaPipe models, respectively. The most significant deviations are noticeable in the detection of points corresponding to the foot and wrist. The derived conclusions underscore the models can address only a portion of the tasks set. Essentially, this raises scepticism regarding the practical application of contemporary machine learning methods for human pose estimation without additional refinement.
Multiple Fold Earthquakes Recorded by the Paleoseismic Surface Ruptures of Bending-Moment Faults in the Qiulitage Anticline, South Tianshan, China
Authors: Zhang Ling , Li An , Yang Xiaoping , Huang Weiliang , Li Shengqiang , Yang Haibo 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Bending-moment faults (BMFs), as a fundamental type of secondary faulting, are intrinsically linked to the primary causative faults within active thrust-fold belts. When these faults thrust through the ground surface, the resulting geomorphic scarps offer the characteristics of local earthquake recurrence. This information helps to fill a gap left by main faults, which often lack coseismic surface ruptures. The Qiulitage anticline where the 1949 M 7¼ Kuqa earthquake occurred is an active thrust-and-fold belt predominantly governed by blind faults. In addition, several typical BMFs extensively crop out as surface scarps in the front of the mountain. Our research concentrates on the well-developed BMF scarps in this region and seeks to explore the recurrence characteristics of paleoearthquakes, which remain inadequately comprehended. Our study reveals that (1) secondary BMF with high enough magnitude can directly generate coseismic ground ruptures, and (2) the seismic behavior of BMFs exhibits a degree of repeatability, potentially linked to the concurrent movement of various BMFs or the solitary action of a single fault. However, the case study presented in this article also highlights the limitation of fold earthquake research because of the swift attenuation of coseismic fault slip as it approaches the ground surface.
Accurate Trace-Cut and Phase Alignment of Active Ocean-Bottom Seismometer Data
Authors: Qiu Xuelin , Ye Sanyu , Li Zizheng , Zhang Haoyu , He Enyuan , Wang Sun 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Accurate positions of ocean-bottom seismometers (OBSs) on the seafloor are critical parameters and can only be obtained by inversion modeling of first-arrival travel times of overhead cross-line airgun shootings. With an increased sampling interval of ≤20 ms for long-term earthquake studies, apparent artifacts affect the phase alignment of first arrivals on the seismic sections of trace-cut airgun shots. Our analysis shows that these apparent misalignments are caused by timing inconsistencies and inaccuracies during the trace-cut, which are so-called rounding errors. To eliminate these rounding errors, a simple interpolation is used to resample traces. Further analysis shows the simple interpolation satisfactorily retains the original waveform. The improved timing accuracy significantly reduces the uncertainty of seafloor locations as shown by Hadal OBS data.
Probing Socio-Pragmatic Skills of L2 Learners of Indonesian on Japanese Politeness
Authors: Supriatnaningsih Rina , Nurjaleka Lisda , Nurhayati Silvia , Yani Damai , Windarti Yulia 
Published: May 2024

This study explores how learners of Japanese as a foreign language in Indonesia comprehend and use Japanese politeness. Many linguists mentioned that socio-pragmatic skills can be developed in a classroom. This skill is essential for L2 learners to master communication in L2, such as how to build and express turn-taking, eye contact and give attention to the interlocutors. Therefore, this study aims to prove whether Indonesian learners of Japanese could use appropriate socio-pragmatic skills, focusing on Japanese politeness in a conversation setting. The subjects are 120 students from two universities whose level of Japanese skills is on the A2-B1 CERF level. We use the role-play method and set a one-on-one conversation/interview setting. Our findings demonstrate that most Indonesian students had difficulty comprehending the concept of ‘Tachiba’, meaning the place where one stands in a Japanese conversation. Most student participants could not yet grasp the social and interaction level. However, in some cases, Japanese politeness in context meaning is found.
Strophantus (Apocynaceae): Composition and Biochemical Properties with a Focus on S. sarmentosus
Authors: König Simone 
Published: May 2024

The genus Strophantus belongs to the Apocynaceae family of flowering plants which grows primarily in tropical Africa. The plants are widely used in traditional herbal medicine. S. sarmentosus, in particular, is used for the treatment of, e.g., joint pain and rheumatoid arthritis, wound infections, head lice, diarrhoea, snake bite, and eye conditions. Despite the widespread use, dedicated research characterizing bioactive plant components is scarce. Investigations focussed mainly on the cardenolides, because of their cardioactivity and historical use as cardiotonic. There are also studies concerning the antibacterial, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity of plant extracts. This review summarizes the present knowledge about the biochemical and analytical reserach on Strophantus, in general, and S. sarmentosus, in particular, and describes the current state-of-the-field based on the available sientific literature.
Climate Change Impacts on Mediterranean Coral Oculina Patagonica: Reproductive Resilience and Thermal Performance
Authors: Shemesh Tamar , Levy Shani , Einbinder Abigail , Kolsky Itai , Bellworthy Jessica , Mass Tali 
Published: May 2024

Global climate change, particularly rising sea surface temperatures, profoundly impacts coral ecosystems, disrupting reproduction synchrony, symbiotic relationships with algae from the Symbiodiniceae family, and causing widespread bleaching and mortality among coral populations. Oculina patagonica, a temperate scleractinian coral dominant in Mediterranean coastal waters, tolerates an annual temperature range of 10- 31°C. Moreover, in the past three decades, sea surface temperatures have rapidly risen in the Eastern Mediterranean Sea. O. patagonica offers insight into evolutionary adaptation to rapid environmental changes. This study investigated the effects of temperature changes on O. patagonica reproductive development, synchrony, and thermal sensitivity. Monthly monitoring of O. patagonica colonies for a year reveals no disruption in gonad development compared to previous studies, suggesting an unaffected sexual reproduction capacity. Thermal performance