bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Durable Hepatitis B Surface Antigen Decline in Hepatitis B E Antigen-Positive Chronic Hepatitis B Patients Treated with Pegylated Interferon-α2B: Relation to Response and HBV Genotype
Authors: Sonneveld Milan J , Rijckborst Vincent , Cakaloglu Yilmaz , Simon Krzysztof , Heathcote E Jenny , Tabak Fehmi , Mach Tomasz , Boucher Charles AB , Hansen Bettina E , Zeuzem Stefan , Janssen Harry LA 
Published: September 2011

Background On-treatment decline of serum hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) may refect the immunomodulatory effect of pegylated interferon (PEG-IFN) for hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg)-positive chronic hepatitis B (CHB). We compared HBsAg decline across HBV genotypes between combined responders (HBeAg loss and HBV DNA<10,000 copies/ml at week 78), HBeAg responders (HBeAg loss with HBV DNA>10,000 copies/ml) and non-responders. Methods HBsAg was measured at baseline, on-treatment and 6 months post-treatment in 221 HBeAg-positive CHB patients treated with PEG-IFN with or without lamivudine for 52 weeks, and in a representative subgroup of 142 patients at long-term follow-up (LTFU; mean 3.0 years). Results On-treatment HBsAg decline significantly varied according to HBV genotype (A and B more than C and D; P<0.001). On-treatment HBsAg decline also differed between patients with a combined response ( n=43) and those without ( n=178; 3.34 versus 0.69 log IU/ml decline at week 52; P<0.001). Among patients without a combined response, no difference was observed between HBeAg responders ( n=41) versus non-responders ( n=137). HBsAg decline was sustained in combined responders and progressed to 3.75 log IU/ ml at LTFU. Patients with a combined response achieved pronounced HBsAg declines, irrespective of HBV genotype, and those who achieved HBsAg levels <1,000 IU/ ml at week 78 had a high probability of a sustained response and HBsAg clearance through LTFU. Conclusions On-treatment HBsAg decline during PEG-IFN therapy for HBeAg-positive CHB depends upon HBV genotype. Patients with a combined response to PEG-IFN achieve a pronounced HBsAg decline, irrespective of HBV genotype, which is sustained through 3 years of off-treatment follow-up.
CD4+CD25highCD127low/- Treg Cell Frequency from Peripheral Blood Correlates with Disease Activity in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: KAWASHIRI SHIN-YA , KAWAKAMI ATSUSHI , OKADA AKITOMO , KOGA TOMOHIRO , TAMAI MAMI , YAMASAKI SATOSHI , NAKAMURA HIDEKI , ORIGUCHI TOMOKI , IDA HIROAKI , EGUCHI KATSUMI 
Published: September 2011

Objective.To investigate whether the frequency of peripheral blood (PB) regulatory T cells (Treg) correlates with the clinical disease activity of rheumatoid arthritis (RA).Methods.PB Treg cells, defined as the CD4+CD25highCD127low/- population, were examined by flow cytometry in 48 patients with RA, including 13 who had never received disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARD), 19 with active disease who were receiving (n = 14) or had received (n = 5) DMARD, and 16 receiving DMARD whose disease was in remission. The clinical disease activity of the patients was defined by the 28-joint Disease Activity Score (DAS28). The association of DAS28, C-reactive protein (CRP), or erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) with the frequency of PB Treg cells was examined.Results.The frequency of PB Treg cells in patients with RA was significantly low compared with that of healthy controls (n = 14). Among the 3 populations of patients with RA, Treg cell frequency was lowest in patients with active RA. In contrast, the Treg cell frequency of patients with RA in remission was similar to that of healthy controls. Accordingly, the frequency of CD4+CD25highCD127low/- Treg cells negatively correlated with DAS28, CRP, and ESR in patients with RA.Conclusion.The data suggest that Treg cells, defined as the CD4+CD25highCD127low/- population, may contribute to the pathogenesis of RA and be an indicator of disease activity.
Les rues de Dakar : espaces de négociation des transports collectifs
Authors: Lombard Jérôme , Sakho Papa , Bruez Frank , Baillon Axel 
Published: September 2011

Résumé	La réalité du transport urbain de personnes à Dakar obéit à la loi d’un marchéþdérégulé : face à une demande de mobilité urbaine croissante, une offre plurielle s’invente. Dans un contexte où l’écroulement du service public de transport de personnes est patent, la consolidation du transport privé artisanal à Dakar constitue un potentiel de captage économique important, fruit de négociations quotidiennes entre professionnels, agents de l’État et usagers. L’étude du système de transport par les lieux où il est produit amène à en comprendre les grandes logiques. Leur déploiement à l’échelle de l’agglomération et la multiplicité des acteurs et d’intérêts économiques dérivés du transport de personnes rendent leur observation intéressante. L’émergence d’espaces publics, devenus les points majeurs du réseau de transport collectif privé, résulte de choix de la part des professionnels ou de demandes formulées par des citadins. Espaces stratégiques dans leurs fonctions d’articulation du réseau urbain de desserte, ces lieux ont aussi leur figure emblématique, les coxeurs ou rabatteurs. La création d’un système d’information géographique sur les lieux de transport permet d’analyser, non seulement, la vitalité du secteur privé du transport, mais aussi la répartition géographique de l’offre ainsi que les inégalités socio-spatiales du transport en cours d’accentuation dans l’agglomération.
L'invention du patrimoine urbain à Singapour
Authors: Hamonic Gilbert 
Published: September 2011

Résumé Le patrimoine urbain de Singapour s’est moins constitué à partir d’un contenu concret à découvrir que comme une pure invention, certes en rapport avec une histoire et une certaine mémoire, mais surtout créé à des fins relatives à la citoyenneté, l’identité nationale et l’image internationale de la cité-État. Plutôt que d’évoquer en détail les caractéristiques d’un inventaire (travail déjà fort bien réalisé par les autorités locales), on s’attache davantage ici à la manière dont ont surgi les modalités de classement et de mise en valeur des bâtiments ou des quartiers sauvegardés ; étant entendu que ce que l’on recense et ce que l’on ignore, ce que l’on conserve et ce que l’on détruit, est extrêmement révélateur d’une politique patrimoniale, et plus largement d’une conception de l’urbanisme, qui outre Singapour, inspire désormais plusieurs mégapoles d’Asie du Sud-Est.
Homoxi : ruée vers l'or chez les Indiens Yanomami du haut rio Mucajaí (Brésil)
Authors: Albert Bruce , Le Tourneau François-Michel 
Published: September 2011

Résumé Société amérindienne de chasseurs-cueilleurs et horticulteurs pratiquant la culture itinérante sur brûlis, les Yanomami occupent un territoire d’environ 192 000 km 2 situé entre le Brésil et le Venezuela, de part et d’autre de la chaîne de la Serra Parima . Des années 1910 aux années 1960 les Yanomami du Brésil n’ont connu que des contacts sporadiques avec le monde « blanc ». Ils connaîtront pour la première fois, entre 1973 et 1976, une forme de contact plus intense, durant la construction d’un tronçon de la route Perimetral Norte dans le sud-est de leur territoire. Après une décennie de répit relatif, le projet Calha Norte (1985-1986) et, surtout, la ruée vers l’or du Roraima (1987-1989), intensifieront brutalement l’avancée de la société régionale sur le territoire de ces Indiens, déclenchant de très vives réactions de protestation tant au Brésil que dans le monde et aboutissant, en 1992, à l’homologation de leurs terres sous forme d’une aire protégée de 96 650 km 2 , la Terra Indígena Yanomami . Dans les années suivantes, une structure d’assistance sanitaire, d’abord précaire puis de plus en plus efficace, a rendu possible une reprise de l’essor démographique de cette ethnie. Malgré ces succès, dans les régions où l’impact des activités minières clandestines a été le plus intense, les groupes locaux yanomami ont connu, depuis la fin des années 1980, des changements sociaux et économiques importants. Durement affectés sur le plan démographique et environnemental, ils ont opéré une série de réaménagements de leur mode traditionnel d’occupation de l’espace forestier en fonction de la présence des chercheurs d’or puis de la structure d’assistance installée durant le processus de leur expulsion. Cet article propose l’analyse d’un exemple de cette géométrie variable des stratégies spatiales yanomami face au contact, ceci à partir d’une étude détaillée de la région du haut rio Mucajaí dite « Homoxi ». À cette fin, nous décrivons dans un premier temps le contexte économique et géopolitique régional, en particulier la ruée vers l’or dans l’état de Roraima à la fin des années 1980, peu documentée dans la littérature scientifique. Changeant d’échelle, nous étudions ensuite l’histoire de trois communautés de la région de Homoxi ( Tirei , Xere u et Yaritha, totalisant, à l’époque de l’enquête de terrain, quelque 360 personnes) et le processus de transformation de leur modèle spatial et productif, d’abord face l’invasion des orpailleurs, puis, après l’éviction de ces derniers, face à la structure d’assistance locale mise en place (FNS, FUNAI). Nous mettons ainsi en évidence la flexibilité du système social yanomami et sa capacité à générer des adaptations rapides aux situations les plus adverses.
Le rôle de la socialisation artistique durant l'enfance
Authors: Christin Angèle 
Published: September 2011

Résumé Bien que de nombreuses recherches insistent sur le rôle central de la socialisation artistique durant l’enfance dans la formation des pratiques culturelles à l’âge adulte, peu d’analyses quantitatives existent sur le sujet. Cet article prend l’exemple de l’écart entre les pratiques culturelles des hommes et celles des femmes afin d’explorer ce phénomène. Dans la plupart des pays occidentaux, les femmes participent en effet davantage que les hommes aux activités culturelles les plus légitimes. À partir de régressions sur des données américaines récentes (Survey of Public Participation in the Arts 2008), il s’avère que la socialisation artistique durant l’enfance est un élément déterminant pour expliquer la différence entre les pratiques culturelles des hommes et celles des femmes. Une analyse par classes d’âge montre de plus que la socialisation artistique durant l’enfance joue un rôle particulièrement important pour les enquêtés les plus jeunes.
Affected Upper-Extremity Movement Ability Is Retained 3 Months After Modified Constraint-Induced Therapy
Authors: Page Stephen J. , Murray Colleen , Hermann Valerie 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThe practicality and patient compliance of constraint-induced movement therapy limit its application in many clinical environments. For more than a decade, the principal investigator's laboratory has shown efficacy of an outpatient, modified constraint-induced therapy (mCIT). The current study examined whether participants administered mCIT retained motor changes 3 mo after intervention. The upper-extremity section of the Fugl-Meyer Impairment Scale (FM) and the Action Research Arm Test (ARA) were administered directly after mCIT intervention. Thirteen patients poststroke were tracked prospectively from directly after intervention concluded to 3 mo after intervention, at which time the FM and ARA were readministered. Three months after intervention, 25 of the 26 scores on the FM and ARA increased between the time after intervention and 3 months after intervention, reflecting continued increases in affected extremity movement ability. It is believed that the continued motor changes were caused by the comparatively larger number of extremity-use opportunities during the 10-wk mCIT intervention period. These opportunities encourage habitual extremity use even after the intervention period has concluded, leading to the changes observed.
Effectiveness of a Handwriting Readiness Program in Head Start: A Two-Group Controlled Trial
Authors: Lust Carol A. , Donica Denise K. 
Published: September 2011

Abstract
OBJECTIVE. This study measured skill improvement in prewriting skills, kindergarten readiness, first-name writing, and handwriting-nonspecific fine motor skills of students at Head Start who participated in Handwriting Without Tears®–Get Set for School (HWT–GSS) programming.
METHOD. We conducted a two-group, nonrandomized controlled trial using a pretest–posttest design at a rural Head Start. The effectiveness of adding the HWT–GSS curriculum in one preschool classroom was compared with a control classroom.
RESULTS. On posttesting, the experimental group made significant improvements compared with the control group in prewriting, kindergarten readiness, and fine motor skills. Both groups made significant improvements between pretesting and posttesting in prewriting, first name writing, and school readiness.
CONCLUSION. Adding HWT–GSS to the Head Start program would be beneficial in improving handwriting readiness skills.
Usefulness of Screening Tools for Predicting Driving Performance in People With Parkinson’s Disease
Authors: Classen Sherrilene , Witter D. P. , Lanford D. N. , Okun M. S. , Rodriguez R. L. , Romrell J. , Malaty I. , Fernandez H. H. 
Published: September 2011

Abstract
OBJECTIVE. We used screening tests administered by a certified driving rehabilitation specialist and by Parkinson’s disease (PD) specialty neurologists to develop a model to predict on-road outcomes for patients with PD.
METHOD. We administered a battery of screening tests to 41 patients with PD and 41 age-matched control participants before on-road testing. We used statistical models to predict actual on-road performance.
RESULTS. The PD group had a higher failure rate, indicating more on-road errors. For the PD participants, the Useful Field of View (UFOV) Subtest 2 and Rapid Pace Walk were responsible for most of the variance in the on-road test. The model accurately categorized pass–fail outcomes for 81% of PD patients.
CONCLUSION. Clinical screening batteries may be predictive of driving performance in PD. The UFOV Subtest 2, administered in approximately 15 min, may be the single most useful clinical test for such predictions.
Decreased Ocular Pulse Amplitude Associated with Functional and Structural Damage in Open-Angle Glaucoma
Authors: Kynigopoulos Myron , Tzamalis Argyrios , Ntampos Konstantinos , Schlote Torsten 
Published: September 2011

Purpose To assess the relationship of ocular pulse amplitude (OPA), as measured by dynamic contour tonometry (DCT), with structural and functional damage in patients with open-angle glaucoma (OAG). Methods In this cross-sectional, observational study, 242 eyes of 139 patients with OAG underwent Goldmann applanation tonometry (GAT), DCT, central corneal thickness (CCT) measurement, visual fields examination (Octopus, Haag Streit), and complete ophthalmologic examination. Linear regression analysis was used to analyze the effect of OPA, DCT, GAT, and CCT to the mean defect (MD) of the visual fields and to the vertical cup to disc ratio (CDR). Results Ocular pulse amplitude was the only variable that showed a significant association with MD (slope=–1.1, p=0.012), in contrast to GAT (p=0.98), DCT (p=0.32), and CCT (p=0.42). Ocular pulse amplitude was also negatively associated with CDR (slope=–0.028, p=0.0001). Additional multiple regression analysis revealed that OPA (R2=0.12, r=–0.25, slope=–0.02, p=0.033), GAT (r=–0.27, slope=–0.01, p=0.027), and CCT (r=–0.18, slope=–0.001, p=0.012) were statistically significantly correlated to CDR, while DCT was not (r=–0.20, slope=0.003, p=0.46). Ocular pulse amplitude did not differ statistically significantly (p=0.93) between eyes with (2.79±1.42) and without (2.77±1.21) prior trabeculectomy. No statistically significant difference of OPA was observed between diagnosis groups (p=0.255). Conclusions Decreased OPA seems to be correlated with increased glaucomatous functional and structural damage in OAG. Assessment of OPA by DCT could therefore serve as an important additional parameter in the evaluation of glaucoma patients.
Meta-analysis of the prevalence of Leber hereditary optic neuropathy mtDNA mutations in Europe
Authors: Mascialino Barbara , Leinonen Mika , Meier Thomas 
Published: September 2011

Purpose A meta-analysis was conducted to estimate the prevalence of patients with molecularly confirmed Leber hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) carrying any of the 3 primary mtDNA mutations (m.11778G>A, m.14484T>C, m.3460G>A) which cause this inherited form of blindness. Methods A literature search was conducted to identify primary reports with LHON prevalence data reported for Europe. The overall prevalence of LHON with molecularly confirmed diagnosis was evaluated by weighting the prevalence estimates of the individual studies by the inverse of their variance. Results Based on this meta-analysis of 5 European studies providing appropriate information, the estimated prevalence of LHON disease associated with the combined m.11778G>A, m.14484T>C, m.3460G>A mutations was ∼1:45,000 (2.23×10-5; 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.01-2.44×10–5). Patients with LHON carrying either the m.11778G>A or the m.3460G>A mutation have a more severe clinical presentation and a much lower chance of spontaneous recovery from vision loss compared to patients with the m.14484T>C mutation. The estimated prevalence for patients with LHON in Europe carrying either of these severe mutations (m.11778G>A or m.3460G>A) was ∼1:65,000 (1.54×10–5; 95% CI 1.33-1.74×10–5). Conclusions Although this meta-analysis summarizes the existing prevalence data for the primary, disease-causing mitochondrial DNA mutations of LHON in Europe, there is still a clear lack of reliable primary epidemiologic data for this devastating ophthalmologic disease.
Insurance Reimbursement for Special Foods and Phenylalanine Levels in Patients With PKU in China
Authors: Wang Bo , Xia Yanzhi , Cheng Mingyue , Luo Huili , Xue Luxi , Gong Anyue , Liu Xu , Liao Gaoqi , Song Jieping , Ning Kang 
Published: June 2024

ImportanceRecent changes in China’s social medical insurance reimbursement policy have impacted the financial burden of patients with phenylketonuria (PKU) for special foods. However, whether this policy change is associated with their blood phenylalanine (PHE) concentration is unclear.ObjectiveTo investigate the association between the reimbursement policy and blood PHE concentration in patients with PKU.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis cohort study measured the blood PHE concentrations of 167 patients with PKU across 4 newborn screening centers in China from January 2018 to December 2021. The reimbursement policy for special foods for patients with PKU at 2 centers was canceled in 2019 and restored from 2020 onwards. In contrast, the other 2 centers consistently implemented the policy. Data were analyzed from September 10 to December 6, 2023.ExposuresThe implementation and cancelation of the reimbursement policy for special foods of patients with PKU.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe blood PHE concentration was regularly measured from 2018 to 2021. A 1-sided Z test was used to compare the mean of the blood PHE concentration between different years.ResultsAmong 167 patients with PKU (mean [SD] age, 84.4 [48.3] months; 87 males [52.1%]), a total of 4285 measurements of their blood PHE concentration were collected from 2018 to 2021. For patients at the center that canceled the reimbursement policy in 2019, the mean (SD) of the blood PHE concentrations in 2019 was 5.95 (5.73) mg/dL, significantly higher than 4.84 (4.11) mg/dL in 2018 (P &amp;lt; .001), 5.06 (5.21) mg/dL in 2020 (P = .006), and 4.77 (4.04) mg/dL in 2021 (P &amp;lt; .001). Similarly, for patients at the other center that canceled the policy in 2019, the mean (SD) of the blood PHE concentrations in 2019 was 5.95 (3.43) mg/dL, significantly higher than 5.34 (3.45) mg/dL in 2018 (P = .03), 5.13 (3.15) mg/dL in 2020 (P = .003), and 5.39 (3.46) mg/dL in 2021 (P = .03). On the contrary, no significant difference was observed between any of the years for patients at the 2 centers that consistently implemented the policy.Conclusions and RelevanceIn this cohort study of patients with PKU from multiple centers, the implementation of the reimbursement policy for special foods was associated with controlling the blood PHE concentration. Special foods expenditure for patients with PKU should be included in the scope of long-term social medical insurance reimbursement.
New Supplemental Benefits and Plan Ratings Among Medicare Advantage Enrollees
Authors: Tucher Emma L. , Meyers David J. , Trivedi Amal N. , Gottlieb Laura M. , Thomas Kali S. 
Published: June 2024

ImportanceIn 2018, the US Congress gave Medicare Advantage (MA) historic flexibility to address members’ social needs with a set of Special Supplemental Benefits for the Chronically Ill (SSBCIs). In response, the Centers for Medicare &amp;amp; Medicaid Services expanded the definition of primarily health-related benefits (PHRBs) to include nonmedical services in 2019. Uptake has been modest; MA plans cited a lack of evidence as a limiting factor.ObjectiveTo evaluate the association between adopting the expanded supplemental benefits designed to address MA enrollees’ nonmedical and social needs and enrollees’ plan ratings.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis cohort study compared the plan ratings of MA enrollees in plans that adopted an expanded PHRB, SSBCI, or both using difference-in-differences estimators with MA Consumer Assessment of Health Care Providers and Systems survey data from March to June 2017, 2018, 2019, and 2021 linked to Medicare administrative claims and publicly available benefits and enrollment data. Data analysis was performed between April 2023 and March 2024.ExposureEnrollees in MA plans that adopted a PHRB and/or SSBCI in 2021.Main Outcomes and MeasuresEnrollee plan rating on a 0- to 10-point scale, with 0 indicating the worst health plan possible and 10 indicating the best health plan possible.ResultsThe study sample included 388 356 responses representing 467 MA contracts and 2558 plans in 2021. Within the weighted population of responders, the mean (SD) age was 74.6 (8.7) years, 57.2% were female, 8.9% were fully Medicare-Medicaid dual eligible, 74.6% had at least 1 chronic medical condition, 13.7% had not graduated high school, 9.7% were helped by a proxy, 45.1% reported fair or poor physical health, and 15.6% were entitled to Medicare due to disability. Adopting both a new PHRB and SSBCI benefit in 2021 was associated with an increase of 0.22 out of 10 points (95% CI, 0.4-4.0 points) in mean enrollee plan ratings. There was no association between adoption of only a PHRB (adjusted difference, −0.12 points; 95% CI, −0.26 to 0.02 points) or SSBCI (adjusted difference, 0.09 points; 95% CI, −0.03 to 0.21 points) and plan rating.Conclusions and RelevanceMedicare Advantage plans that adopted both benefits saw modest increases in mean enrollee plan ratings. This evidence suggests that more investments in supplemental benefits were associated with improved plan experiences, which could contribute to improved plan quality ratings.