bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A study of suicidal attempts and voluntary self-harm admitted to “Al. Obregia” psychiatry clinical hospital between 2008 and 2010
Authors: Manea M. , Rusanu V. , Patrichi B.E. , Frunza A.A. , Bectas S.M. , Stoean R.M. 
Published: May 2011

IntroductionIn 2009, 8 Romanians committed suicide every day. Suicide risk assessment and management remains difficult for psychiatrists worldwide and requires further study and a better implementation of prevention strategies.AimsTo identify the relationship between demographic and clinical data in a sample of psychiatric patients admitted after a suicideattempt and voluntary self-harm (VSH-SA) to our hospital between 2008 and 2010.ObjectivesThe purpose of this study is to determine which factors, if any, influence suicidal behavior.MethodsA retrospective review of patients aged 10–84 with VSH-SA (coded by ICD-10), admitted during a three year period. The cases were sorted by age, gender, year of admission, seasonal pattern, mechanism of injury and associated psychiatric pathology. The mechanisms of injury were both violent and non-violent.Results59% of cases were female and 41% male, 18% under the age of 18 (82% female). 31,5% were in the 18-29 years of age interval. A large difference between the year 2008 (16 cases) and 2009 (51 cases) was registered in the male group. Most cases were registered during spring (34%). Drug and substance ingestion was the most common method. Violent methods were used by 25% of men and only 9,5% of women. The most frequent diagnosis was major depression.ConclusionOur results show that a large number of VSH-SA were committed by young, active members of the population and a significant number of children was noticed. These findings emphasize the importance of identifying suicide risk factors and developing prevention strategies.
How do mental health professionals deal with uncertainty in suicide risk assessment?
Authors: Manley K. , Beezhold J. 
Published: May 2011

IntroductionSuicide risk-assessment forms a significant part of the workload of mental health professionals (MHPs). There is much research regarding efficacy of different methods/scales of suicide risk-assessment, and effects of formal training on risk-assessment. To date, there is little investigation into how approach to risk-assessment varies amongst professionals on an individual level, or how MHPs react when confronted by lack of information.ObjectiveThis study evaluated how MHPs respond to uncertainty when assessing suicide risk.Methods720 MHPs were given 10 clinical scenarios and asked to assess suicide risk in each case. The scenarios were a mixture of high, medium and low risk cases. In addition, there were scenarios where information provided was incomplete or ambiguous. Subjects graded suicide risk-severity from 1–10 (1 = low, 10 = high).ResultsThe simple scenarios produced a predictable consensus of opinion amongst MHPs. The ambiguous scenario produced three distinct response peaks (Fig. 1) at low, medium, and high risk.Fig. 1[Fig 1]ConclusionsAmbiguous suicide risk separates MHPs into three responder groups:1.‘don’t know’2.more cautious, assumes higher risk3.less cautious, assumes lower risk.This has implications for suicide risk training. Further research is required to fully understand why individuals respond in different ways to suicide risk scenarios.
Drug addiction and suicide - retrospective study
Authors: Martins A.P. , Silva A. , Pinho M. , Samico G. 
Published: May 2011

Impulsiveness has an important role in suicide behaviour and substance abuse.In this context, it's important to assess suicide risk among drug users and to determine which factors play a protective role and which factors increase the risk.In this study the authors propose to determine the prevalence of actual or past suicidal ideation in a sample of substance users; to determine the prevalence of previous suicidal behaviours in the same sample; and to study the relation with clinical and sociodemographic variables.The sample included 119 patients with drug addiction behaviours receiving treatment in an inpatient detoxication unit (Unidade de Desabituação do Norte do IDT - Instituto da Droga e das Toxicodependências), admitted between May 2010 and July 2010.Data was obtained from the patient clinical chart, including the admission protocol form.SPSS was used for statistical analysis.The results founded were:18,5% (n = 22) had previous suicidal ideation at least once in their lifetime.2,5% (n = 3) had suicidal ideation at admission.10,9% (n = 13) had previous suicidal attempts.According to literature, in general population, lifetime prevalence of suicidal ideation is 10–18% and history of suicidal attempt is 3–5%.In the studied sample, suicidal ideation during lifetime is slightly raised (18,5%) and history of suicidal behaviours is strongly higher (10.9%).These data suggest a raised suicidal risk in drug abuse population, probably reflecting a higher impulsiveness in this population.
Do suicide victims who leave notes differ from those who do not? A study in Greece
Authors: Paraschakis A. , Michopoulos I. , Douzenis A. , Christodoulou C. , Koutsaftis F. , Lykouras L. 
Published: May 2011

IntroductionSuicide notes are considered very sensitive markers of suicide attempt severity providing a lot of information about the mental state of the victim. An interesting question is whether note writers differ from suicide victims who don’t leave suicide notes.Objective and MethodTo present and discuss the differences between these two subgroups. We collected psychological autopsy data from one year's suicide deaths (November 2007 -October 2008), at the Athens’ Department of Forensic Medicine (covering 35% of the total Greek population).ResultsNote writers represented 21.7% of our sample (30 out of 138), had no history of psychiatric disorders (p = 0.003) or recent (psychiatric) hospitalization (p = 0.026), were mostly men (p = 0.001), and died by hanging or shooting (p = 0.04). We believe that the powerful stigma associated with psychiatric disorders in our Country could provide a possible explanation for our results. A lot of people suffer in silence. For many of the deceased's relatives the suicide note provided, for the first time, an insight into their loved one's mental problems. It is also believed that psychiatric symptoms are indicating character weakness, incompatible with the sense of power that, particularly men, should display. Finally, it is well-known that men commit suicide more often than women, choosing more violent methods (hanging or shooting) compared to them.ConclusionsMore efforts against mental illness stigma and towards improving detection of psychiatric disorders are needed in our Country. Unfortunately, suicide notes seem to represent the first and only means of communication of mental suffering for a lot of people.
The slovene challenges of the project saving and empowering young lives in Europe (SEYLE)
Authors: Poštuvan V. , Mars U. , Žiberna J. , Zupančič K. , Košir V. , Podlogar T. 
Published: May 2011

Despite the high suicide rate (22,5 for 2009), Slovenia doesn’t have systematic mental health prevention programmes implemented in the educational system. Project SEYLE is that kind of programme and aims to improve health through decreased risk-taking and suicidal behaviours, to evaluate outcomes of different preventive intervention programs (education of gatekeepers - QPR approach, awareness workshops, screening, and a minimal intervention) and to recommend effective culturally adjusted models for promoting health of adolescents in different European countries.Minimum 1.000 students were recruited in each involved country and the evaluation of the interventions consisted of the baseline testing (set of mental health related instruments) and two follow-ups in the period of three and twelve months after the interventions.The results show that a country like Slovenia is facing specific challenges in the implementation of this kind of project due to a small population, specific attitudes (and myths) toward suicide and mental health, and the priorities of the education system. In our case, the school-response and regional suicide rate were in inversely proportional relationships: schools from the regions with higher suicide rate were more reluctant to participate in our study and reported more fear of addressing the issues like suicide, depression or mental health to students than schools from the areas with the lower suicide rate. Anyhow, the schools participating in SEYLE despite many logistical problems report a positive feedback and see a great value in the initiative to promote healthy lifestyle and positive mental health among youth.
The effects of beverage type on suicide rates in Russia
Authors: Razvodovsky Y.E. 
Published: May 2011

ObjectivePrevious research has suggested that the consumption of different types of alcoholic beverage may have a differential effect on suicide rates. The aim of this study was to examine the relation between the consumption of different beverage types and suicide rates in Russia across the later-Soviet and post-Soviet periods.MethodAge-standardised sex- and age-specific suicide rates for the period 1980–2005 and data on beverage-specific alcohol sales were obtained Russian State Statistical Committee (Rosstat). Time-series analytical modelling techniques (ARIMA) were used to examine the relation between the sale of different alcoholic beverages and suicide rates.ResultsVodka consumption as measured by sales was significantly associated with both male and female suicide rates. The consumption of beer and wine were not associated with suicide rates. The estimates of the age specific models for men were positive (except for the 75+ age group) and ranging from 0.069 (60–74 age group) to 0.123 (30–44 age group). The estimates for women were positive for the 15–29 age group (0.08), 30–44 age group (0.096) and 45–59 age group (0.057).ConclusionsThese findings suggest that public health efforts should focus on both reducing overall consumption and changing beverage preference away from distilled spirits in order to reduce suicide rates in Russia.
Relationship between family performance and sexual satisfaction among mental health hospital in fertile and infertile couples cleric ayatollah rohani babol
Authors: Babakhani N. , Shafiei Amiri M. , Abolmaali K. 
Published: May 2011

IntroductionSome studies, anxiety, stress, low self esteem, sexual dissatisfaction psychological consequences of infertility shall introduce Low mental health and reduce sexual satisfaction may play a significant role in the lives of infertile couples, treatment and follow-up process they have hope for the future.ObjectivesThis study of relationship between family performance and health with sexual satisfaction among mental hospital in fertile and infertile couples cleric Ayatollah took Babol.MethodsThis descriptive study - the correlation The performance of families with depression and sexual satisfaction in 100 infertile couples with 100 couples who fertilize simple random sampling, were studied Data collected using a questionnaire comprising demographic section Brchhar - social, family performance questionnaires, measures of mental health and standardized questionnaire Goldberg and Hillary Larson sexual satisfaction, was Data obtained by descriptive statistical methods, mean difference tests and Pearson moment correlation and one-way analysis of variance analysis were statistically analyzed.ResultsResults showed that between family and mental health performance and efficiency of family and marital satisfaction between positive and significant relationship exists Depression score differences between fertile and infertile men and in women was statistically significant But no significant difference in sexual satisfaction scores of infertile and fertile men and women were observed.ConclusionsInfertile patients need careful treatment and care of the psychological issues is Presence of experts in infertility treatment team to evaluate and diagnosis of infertile couples is essential Before any treatment can delay these people began.
Domestic violence in a sample of Egyptian female psychiatric patients(pilot study)
Authors: Dessoki H. , El Batrawy M. , Shaheen M. , Sabry N. 
Published: May 2011

Domestic violence is one of the most pervasive of all social problems, Domestic violence for women is violence perpetrated within relationships; this violence is much serious than violence perpetrated by a stranger.The hypothesis of this work is that domestic violence is a general health problem and not present particularly in psychiatric patients, the study aims at studying domestic violence in married female psychiatric patients. Sixty Egyptian married females were included, 20 of them had the I.C.D.-10 diagnosis of bipolar affective disorder, 20 neurotic disorders and 20 control group. All groups were clinically and psychometrically assessed using clinical psychiatric sheet of Kasr El-Aini hospital. Those who reported history of domestic violence were subjected to: Zung self rating depression scale, locus of control, Esyenck Personality Questionnaire (E.P.Q) and a specially designed questionnaire to assess intimacy/abuse, and wives’ perception of husbands characters.The results reveal no statistically significant difference between the 3 groups concerning the domestic violence or the degree of abuse. A significant relation was found between domestic violence and history of child abuse. Battered women of patient group were more depressed than control group with no statistical significance, while neurotic patients were significantly more depressed (87%) than bipolar patients (50%) and control group (57.1%)((p < 0.05). Significant higher scores were found in neurotic patients on EPQ neuroticism scale.ConclusionDomestic violence occurring in female psychiatric patients is not higher than normal. In addition, despite abuse, Egyptian wives tend to see their husbands positively.
Depression, anxiety and quality of life in female patients with dermatitis artefact: a comparative study
Authors: El Kissi Y. , Mannai J. , Kenani N. , Nouira R. , Ben Hadj Ali B. 
Published: May 2011

IntroductionPsychological profile and quality of life of patients suffering from Dermatitis artefact (DA) have never been assessed in a standardized and comparative way.ObjectiveTo compare anxiety, depression and quality of life in patients with DA and in patients with other chronic skin illnessMaterial and methodsThirty patients meeting DSM-IV criteria of Dermatitis artefact were recruited in dermatology department of Farhat Hached hospital (Sousse, Tunisia). Control group consisted of 30 patients with other chronic dermatitis, randomly selected and matched for age and disease duration. Anxiety and depression were assed using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HAD-S). Quality of life was measured by the MOS 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36).ResultsCompared with controls, patients with DA had an impaired quality of life (p < 10-3). They had lower scores in physical activity (p = 10-3), limitations due to physical condition (p = 0.024), physical pain (p < 10-3), perception of health (p < 10-3). They also had lower scores in vitality (p = 0.005), social dysfunction (p = 0.003), limitations due to mental condition (p < 10-3) and mental health (p < 10-3). Anxiety and depression scores showed no differences between DA patients and controls.ConclusionCompared to patients with other chronic dermatological conditions, patients suffering from DA had a more impaired quality of life, but they were no more depressed or anxious.
Knowledge and violence experience of female prisoners in their past life
Authors: Scherer Z.A.P. , Scherer E.A. ,   GREIVI - Grupo de Estudos Interdisciplinar Sobre Violência
Published: May 2011

IntroductionExposure to violence, particularly physical or sexual abuse, are frequently part of female prisoners’ past personal history.ObjectiveVerify female prisoners’ knowledge on violence and contextualize the violence they experienced, suffered or witnessed before prison.AimsGet to know the perceptions and meanings the female prisoners attributed to violence.MethodExploratory and descriptive study, carried out at the Female Penitentiary of Ribeirão Preto (SP) - Brazil. A semistructured interview was applied to 15 prisoners. The results were submitted to thematic content analysis.ResultsTwo categories were identified. “What violence is”: they recognized interpersonal (intra-family and community) and self-inflicted violence. Regarding the nature, they mentioned physical aggressions, sexual abuse, psychological abuse and negligence. They assess that these practices occur for random and futile motives, with family connivance and complicity. They consider violence a social problem, resulting from inequalities, lack of access to education and employment opportunities. “Violence in past life”: as victims and spectators - physical aggressions (body fight), sexual abuse and mistreatment in interpersonal relations (rejection, depreciation, discrimination, disrespect, intimidation, oppression, exaggerated charge or punishment). As perpetrators of physical aggression, homicides, assaults and drugs traffic, they appoint alcohol and drugs abuse as the main motivator for aggressions and crimes.ConclusionBased on this study, can be suggested the need to construct public policies against violence in primary care, mainly at home, where the violence cycle seems to start.
From the lack to the sublimation: Psychodynamic considerations about the inability to become pregnant by the way of biographical data about Frida Kahlo
Authors: Gradvohl S.M.O. , Turato E.R. 
Published: May 2011

IntroductionThe inability to gestate is considered a difficult experience for women. It is impossible to distinguish whether the cause of greatest suffering is the absence of the desired child or the feeling of failure. According to Freudian theory, this inability could reopen the narcissistic wound, arisen in the castration complex, once the woman is inserted as an incomplete being again. Sublimation is a mechanism for dealing with the deprivation, used by Frida Kahlo, a famous Mexican artist. The aim of this study was to understand the sublimation in the life of Frida by her inability to gestate.MethodBiographical research about Frida Kahlo articulated with the Freudian theory.ResultsFrida sublimated her deprivation through the painting: “Painting completed my life. I lost three children…painting substituted for all this. I believe that works is the best thing. Through the emptiness, Frida reinvented herself, recognized her absence and enabled the emergence of other objects “I paint self-portraits because I am so often alone, because I am the person I know best”.ConclusionAlthough she managed to sublimate her pain through painting, Frida did not have a happy life: “I hope the exit is joyful - and I hope never to return”. Sublimation helped her to overcome the lack of children, but not healed her narcissistic wound. Her paintings were a manifestation of her symptoms, the revelation of the discovered behind the repression necessary to sublimation: “I never painted dreams, I painted my own reality”.
Physical examination on admission to an acute psychiatric inpatient unit, how often is it done?
Authors: Abbasi Y. , Balakrishna U. , Bell M. , Jackson G. 
Published: May 2011

IntroductionCertain studies in 1986 & 2004 reported that recording of physical examination carried out on admission by psychiatric trainees to be ‘uniformly poor’ to variable’.1AimsThe aim was to re-audit the recording of performing a physical examination on psychiatric inpatients at the time of admission.ObjectiveTo identify the reasons for the inability to physically examine psychiatric patients on admission.MethodsWe reviewed 30 case notes retrospectively each time, following admission, data was collected in December 2008 and June 2009. Ten patients from each ward (3 wards) were selected randomly.ResultsThe percentage of patients having a physical examination on admission rose from 67% in December 2008 to 83% in July 2009. 13% of patients each were examined the next day, leaving 20% and 4% of the patients respectively, who were not examined within 72 hours of admission. The general trend (full & partial examination) in July 2009 was improving when compared to December 2009, with general inspection being done in 66% as compared to 56%, cardio-vascular examination 94% as compared to 77%, Respiratory examination 83% from 76%and central nervous system in 83% as compared to 63%. The rate of abdominal examination and baseline blood tests dropped from 73% to 67% and 93% to 73% respectively. 73% had baseline ECG in 2009 compared to 60% in 2008.ConclusionsWe are also looking at the availability of staff and examination equipments on the wards and suggest this should be the aim of future studies.
The discharge of patients with enduring mental health problems into primary care: Patients’ preferences and views
Authors: Agyapong V.I.O. , Thekiso T.B. , Guerandel A. 
Published: May 2011

ObjectivesTo investigate the preferences of psychiatric patients regarding attendance for their continued mental health care once stable from a primary care setting as opposed to a specialized psychiatric service setting.Methods150 consecutive psychiatric patients attending outpatient review in a community mental health centre in Dublin were approached and asked to complete a semi-structures questionnaire designed to assess the objectives of the study.Results145 patients completed the questionnaire giving a response rate of 97%. The majority of patients had a general practitioner (GP, 132, 94.3%) and most attended their GP every 3 months (68, 48.6%). Ninety-eight patients (70.0%) preferred attending a specialized psychiatry service even when stabilised on their treatment. The common reason was fear of substandard quality of psychiatric care from their GPs (68.4%), followed by inability to afford a GP appointment (23, 23.5%) and not having a GP (9, 9.2%). Thirty two patients (22.9%) preferred to attend their GP. Reasons for this included confidence in GPs providing same level of care as psychiatrist for mental illness (18, 56.3%), the advantage of managing both mental and physical health by GPs (13, 40.6%) and less stigma (28.1%).ConclusionAlthough most patients attended their GP more frequently than the psychiatry clinic, they preferred attending specialized psychiatric services once mentally stable than primary care with most reasons revolving around fears of inadequate psychiatric care from GPs.