bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
“Speak from a place of love”: The family dynamics surrounding Black father–daughter sexual health communication
Authors: Kachingwe Olivia N. , Reynolds Katelyn D. , Blakely Lenora , Stoebenau Kirsten , Aparicio Elizabeth M. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIntroductionParent–child sexual health communication reduces sexual risk behaviors among youth, which in turn lowers the transmission rate of HIV and sexually transmitted infections. Despite being a known protective factor, gender differences persist with mothers being more likely to discuss sexual health with their children than fathers. Although individual characteristics, interpersonal familial factors and societal norms (e.g., communication self‐efficacy, parent–child closeness, and cultural and gender norms) are associated with Black parents' likelihood to communicate about sex with their children, the current study seeks to explore which of these factors found among Black mother–child or father–son dyads extend to Black father–daughter dyads and how this phenomenon (i.e., Black father–daughter sexual health communication) relates to family structure.MethodsSeven father–daughter dyads (N = 7) and an additional five daughters (n = 5) in the United States completed individual in‐depth semi‐structured interviews. Daughters (Mage = 20.3) and fathers (Mage = 56.7) were biologically related, majority heterosexual, close, and lived together. Data were transcribed verbatim and analyzed using thematic analysis.ResultsAnalysis revealed three themes centering around the role of authoritative parenting, the tactics and skills facilitating sexual health communication, and family structure.ConclusionsBlack father–daughter sexual health communication is facilitated by close father–daughter relationships, non‐authoritative parenting styles, and open, supportive, and non‐judgmental communication. Fathers can be better supported in knowing how and when best to communicate sexual health messages, and to mitigate the possibly negative impacts on communication of divorce or having multiple children.
Is Carla grumpy? Analysis of peer evaluations to explore microaggressions and other marginalizing behaviors in engineering student teams
Authors: Dickerson Darryl A. , Masta Stephanie , Ohland Matthew W. , Pawley Alice L. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundTeamwork has become a central element of engineering education. However, the race‐ and gender‐based marginalization prevalent in society is also prevalent in engineering student teams. These problematic dynamics limit learning opportunities, isolate historically marginalized students, and ultimately push students away from engineering, further reinforcing the demographic imbalances in the profession.PurposeWhile there are strategies to improve the experiences of marginalized students within teams, there are few tools for detecting marginalizing behaviors as they occur. The purpose of this work is to examine how peer evaluations collected as a normal part of an engineering course can be used as a window into team dynamics to reveal marginalization as it occurs.MethodWe used a semester of peer evaluation data from a large engineering course in which a team project is the central assignment and peer evaluation occurs four times during the course. We designed an algorithm to identify teams where marginalization may be occurring. We then performed qualitative analyses using a sociolinguistic analysis.ResultsResults show that the algorithm helps identify teams where marginalization occurs. Qualitative analyses of four illustrative cases demonstrated the stealth appearance and evolution of marginalization, providing strong evidence that hidden within language of peer evaluation are indicators of marginalization. Based on the wider dataset, we present a taxonomy (eight categories) of linguistic marginalization appearing in peer comments.ConclusionBoth peer evaluation scores and the language used in peer evaluations can reveal team inequities and may serve as a near‐real‐time mechanism to interrupt marginalization within engineering teams.
Gut‐liver axis: Potential mechanisms of action of food‐derived extracellular vesicles
Authors: Zhang Sitong , Wang Qiyue , Tan Daniel En Liang , Sikka Vritika , Ng Cheng Han , Xian Yan , Li Dan , Muthiah Mark , Chew Nicholas W. S. , Storm Gert , Tong Lingjun , Wang Jiong‐Wei 
Published: June 2024

AbstractFood‐derived extracellular vesicles (FEVs) are nanoscale membrane vesicles obtained from dietary materials such as breast milk, plants and probiotics. Distinct from other EVs, FEVs can survive the harsh degrading conditions in the gastrointestinal tract and reach the intestines. This unique feature allows FEVs to be promising prebiotics in health and oral nanomedicine for gut disorders, such as inflammatory bowel disease. Interestingly, therapeutic effects of FEVs have recently also been observed in non‐gastrointestinal diseases. However, the mechanisms remain unclear or even mysterious. It is speculated that orally administered FEVs could enter the bloodstream, reach remote organs, and thus exert therapeutic effects therein. However, emerging evidence suggests that the amount of FEVs reaching organs beyond the gastrointestinal tract is marginal and may be insufficient to account for the significant therapeutic effects achieved regarding diseases involving remote organs such as the liver. Thus, we herein propose that FEVs primarily act locally in the intestine by modulating intestinal microenvironments such as barrier integrity and microbiota, thereby eliciting therapeutic impact remotely on the liver in non‐gastrointestinal diseases via the gut‐liver axis. Likewise, drugs delivered to the gastrointestinal system through FEVs may act via the gut‐liver axis. As the liver is the main metabolic hub, the intestinal microenvironment may be implicated in other metabolic diseases. In fact, many patients with non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease, obesity, diabetes and cardiovascular disease suffer from a leaky gut and dysbiosis. In this review, we provide an overview of the recent progress in FEVs and discuss their biomedical applications as therapeutic agents and drug delivery systems, highlighting the pivotal role of the gut‐liver axis in the mechanisms of action of FEVs for the treatment of gut disorders and metabolic diseases.
Overcoming post‐transplant graft failure and adenovirus infection in a patient with FLT3‐TKD‐mutated mixed‐phenotype acute leukemia: A case report
Authors: Takada Yusuke , Kurosawa Shuhei , Ueki Toshimitsu , Najima Yuho , Wakita Satoshi , Yamaguchi Hiroki , Yokota Takako , Hibi Masaki , Hirahara Ayumi , Yoshida Tsutomu , Okubo So , Masuda Moe , Nakayama Hitomi , Sakurai Aki , Ito Chisako , Aisa Yoshinobu , Nakazato Tomonori 
Published: June 2024

AbstractMixed‐phenotype acute leukemia (MPAL) with FLT3‐TKD mutations is a rare and challenging subtype of leukemia. Effective management strategies are crucial for improving patient outcomes. A 31‐year‐old man with FLT3‐TKD‐mutated MPAL achieved hematological remission through the JALSG ALL202‐O protocol and gilteritinib, followed by cord blood transplantation (CBT). Post‐transplant complications included adenovirus‐induced hemorrhagic cystitis, managed with bladder irrigation and ribavirin, and engraftment failure, necessitating a second CBT on Day 35. Subsequent adenoviral conjunctivitis resolved with vidarabine. The patient achieved neutrophil engraftment by Day 76 and was discharged on Day 173 without relapse. This case highlights the importance of vigilant supportive care and tailored therapy in managing MPAL with FLT3 mutations, especially in the context of post‐transplant complications.
Small cell pattern of ALK‐negative anaplastic large cell lymphoma with double‐hit rearrangements of DUSP22 and TP63
Authors: Niiyama‐Uchibori Yui , Mizutani Shinsuke , Tsukamoto Taku , Okamoto Haruya , Ide Daisuke , Onishi Akio , Kato Daishi , Fujino Takahiro , Shimira Yuji , Miyagawa‐Hayashino Aya , Konishi Eiichi , Karube Kennosuke , Nannya Yasuhito , Kuroda Junya 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIn ALK‐negative anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL), gene rearrangements of DUSP22 and TP63 are considered mutually exclusive. The former predicts a favorable prognosis, while the latter is generally unfavorable. We report the first case of ALK‐negative ALCL in a leukemic phase with small cell pattern transformation, harboring double‐hit rearrangements of the DUSP22 gene by inv(6)(p25q21) and TP63 gene by TBL1XR1‐TP63 inversion. Despite the resistance to chemotherapies, the patient remained in remission with allogeneic stem cell transplantation over 20 months. Recognizing this pathologically and genetically rare condition is needed for prompt diagnosis and therapeutic decision‐making in ALK‐negative ALCL.
Medicinal perspective of a promising scaffold – dihydropyrimidinones: A review
Authors: Sarvaiya Bhavesh H. , Vaja Palak I. , Paghdar Niraj A. , Ghelani Satish M. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractDihydropyrimidinones (DHMPs) are the most important pharmacophore in Medicinal Chemistry. The synthetic approach for deriving DHMPs involves the Biginelli reaction or a combination of it with other multi‐component reactions (MCRs). The scaffold has received considerable attention due to its diverse therapeutic activity. This review delves into the exploration of the biological characteristics of DHMPs, which play a pivotal role in various therapeutic areas including “anti‐inflammatory, anti‐HIV, anticancer, antitubercular, antifungal, antibacterial, antihyperglycemic, antihypertensive, anticonvulsant, antimalarial, antioxidant,” reverse transcriptase (RT) inhibitor, antispasmodic, calcium channel blockers, antiproliferative, urease inhibitor, cyclooxygenase (COX‐2), and β‐glucuronidase inhibitor activities. The insights provided in this review have the potential to aid researchers in the formulation of novel drugs, facilitating creation of more resilient, efficient, and safer therapeutic agents with reduced toxicity and minimized adverse effects.
Shifts in bioclimatic zones mirror climate change signals in a tropical agriculture‐dominated Bharathapuzha River basin of southern Western Ghats (India)
Authors: Nizar Sinan , Thomas Jobin , Jainet P. J. , Sebastian Dawn Emil , Surendran U. , Narasimhan Balaji , Sudheer K. P. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAssessing anthropogenic climate change in a regional context is challenging due to the spatial heterogeneity of climatic variables and is more complicated than at the global scale. Especially in the Tropics, such spatial variations are expected to increase, warranting the identification of homogeneous climatic zones for assessing regional climate change. The present study explores the ability of bioclimatic variables in defining regional climatic zones, and the detection of climate change therein. We hypothesize that the identification of homogeneous climatic zones based on bioclimatic variables could be an effective approach rather than the conventional extreme climate‐based indices to identify climate change signals. To demonstrate the hypothesis, bioclimatic variables representing the generalized climatic characteristics of a tropical river basin were derived from observed gridded datasets of rainfall and temperature. Clusters of homogeneous climatic zones were identified, and their temporal variations were analysed to examine the existence of climate change. The results indicate that despite the spatial heterogeneity in extreme climate‐based indices, the bioclimatic variables‐based approach renders a meaningful representation of the regional climatic pattern. Investigation of bioclimatic zones of the study area helped to identify a shift in its climatic zones with a slant towards drier conditions. Further, future changes in climatic zones were identified from 13 different GCMs that participated in the CMIP6, projecting drier conditions over the basin, with varying spatial extend based on future emission scenarios. The study significantly contributes towards the identification of climatologically fragile regions in changing climate, which is an essential component in developing any regional climate change adaptation and mitigation strategy.
Effects of circulating inflammatory proteins on spinal degenerative diseases: Evidence from genetic correlations and Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Zheng Qingcong , Lin Rongjie , Wang Du , Zheng Chunfu , Xu Weihong 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundNumerous investigations have suggested links between circulating inflammatory proteins (CIPs) and spinal degenerative diseases (SDDs), but causality has not been proven. This study used Mendelian randomization (MR) to investigate the causal associations between 91 CIPs and cervical spondylosis (CS), prolapsed disc/slipped disc (PD/SD), spinal canal stenosis (SCS), and spondylolisthesis/spondylolysis.MethodsGenetic variants data for CIPs and SDDs were obtained from the genome‐wide association studies (GWAS) database. We used inverse variance weighted (IVW) as the primary method, analyzing the validity and robustness of the results through pleiotropy and heterogeneity tests and performing reverse MR analysis to test for reverse causality.ResultsThe IVW results with Bonferroni correction indicated that beta‐nerve growth factor (β‐NGF), C‐X‐C motif chemokine 6 (CXCL6), and interleukin‐6 (IL‐6) can increase the risk of CS. Fibroblast growth factor 19 (FGF19), sulfotransferase 1A1 (SULT1A1), and tumor necrosis factor‐beta (TNF‐β) can increase PD/SD risk, whereas urokinase‐type plasminogen activator (u‐PA) can decrease the risk of PD/SD. FGF19 and TNF can increase SCS risk. STAM binding protein (STAMBP) and T‐cell surface glycoprotein CD6 isoform (CD6 isoform) can increase the risk of spondylolisthesis/spondylolysis, whereas monocyte chemoattractant protein 2 (MCP2) and latency‐associated peptide transforming growth factor beta 1 (LAP‐TGF‐β1) can decrease spondylolisthesis/spondylolysis risk.ConclusionsMR analysis indicated the causal associations between multiple genetically predicted CIPs and the risk of four SDDs (CS, PD/SD, SCS, and spondylolisthesis/spondylolysis). This study provides reliable genetic evidence for in‐depth exploration of the involvement of CIPs in the pathogenic mechanism of SDDs and provides novel potential targets for SDDs.
Divergent responses of above‐ and belowground ecosystem functioning to shrub encroachment in the Tibetan semi‐arid alpine steppes
Authors: Ji‐Shi Awei , Zhao Jingxue , Qu Guangpeng , Wu Gao‐Lin 
Published: June 2024

AbstractSemi‐arid alpine ecosystems on the Tibetan Plateau are experiencing rapid climate change and extensive anthropogenic activity, concomitant with the encroachment of shrubs. Shrub encroachment will lead to changes in both the ecosystem structure and functioning of the semi‐arid alpine steppes. Yet, the encroaching impacts of shrubs on the above‐ and belowground ecosystem functioning of the semi‐arid alpine steppes remain uncertain. To quantify shrub encroachment impacts on ecosystem functioning of the semi‐arid alpine steppes, two alpine steppe sites encroached by shrub species are investigated, with one site encroached by leguminous shrub species (Caragana spinifera) and another site encroached by non‐leguminous shrub species (Dasiphora fruticosa). Results shows that the individual ecosystem functions and the ecosystem multifunctionality (EMF) of alpine steppes are significantly enhanced following both leguminous and non‐leguminous shrubs encroachment. We conclude that shrub encroachment tends to facilitate the belowground EMF (BEMF) but has neutral effects on the aboveground EMF (AEMF) in alpine steppes. Our findings also highlight that soil nutrients play critical roles in driving ecosystem functioning responses to shrubs encroachment. These findings further our understanding of shrub encroachment impacts on the ecosystem functioning of the semi‐arid alpine steppes.
Pedicled SCIP‐based vascularized lymphnode and lymphatic vessels transfer (VLNT and VLVT) for deep lymphatic system reconstruction and dead space obliteration after medial thigh sarcoma resection: A case report
Authors: Martini Federica , Meroni Matteo , Scaglioni Mario F. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractSoft‐tissue sarcomas represent a cohort of rare and heterogeneous malignant tumors that could affect various body parts, with a higher incidence in the lower extremity. When these tumors are surgically removed, both the superficial and deep lymphatic pathways could also be damaged and might require immediate reconstruction to prevent lymphatic complications. In the present report, we describe a case of a patient affected by a high‐grade (G3) spindle cell pleomorphic rhabdomyosarcoma of the upper medial thigh. A 22 × 20 cm mass was removed with exposure of the deep femoral vessels and the great saphenous vein. After intraoperative indocyanine green lymphography, it was determined that the superficial lymphatic vessels were intact, but the deep lymphatic system was unavoidably damaged. As a reconstructive procedure, we performed a pedicled SCIP‐based vascularized lymphatic vessel transfer and vascularized lymph node transfer to restore the deep lymphatic system and dead space obliteration. The procedure was successful, and no signs of lymphatic impairment were observed during the two‐year follow‐up period. We believe that this novel approach might be helpful in cases of large and profound defects that involve the deep lymphatic system. The combination of these two techniques could help restore deep lymph drainage, minimizing the risk of superficial system overload and lymphatic dysfunction. No other cases have been described so far employing the same approach. Considering the obtained results, this procedure might be worth further investigation.
Probe capsid structure stability and dynamics of adeno‐associated virus as an important viral vector for gene therapy by hydrogen‐deuterium exchange‐mass spectrometry
Authors: Ye Xiang , Hu Yunli , Qiu Haibo , Li Ning 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAdeno‐associated virus (AAV), a widely used gene therapy vector, is a small, nonenveloped virus that contains a single‐stranded DNA genome with a maximum length of 4.7 kb. Despite extensive biophysical and structural characterization, many aspects of AAV functions remain elusive. This knowledge gap is primarily due to a lack of structurally resolved dynamic information and the absence of structural coverage of functionally critical segments on the AAV capsid. Here, we developed a protocol to study AAV structural dynamics by hydrogen‐deuterium exchange mass spectrometry (HDX‐MS), a powerful method for monitoring protein structure stability and dynamics in solution. We performed HDX‐MS measurements on AAVs without or with different DNA payloads of different sizes, and obtained detailed dynamic information on the entire AAV sequence including the two functionally important segments not previously structurally characterized. The unique N terminus of the capsid protein VP1 (VP1u) was found to adopt a highly dynamic and unstable conformation with low HDX protection across the entire region, whereas the presence of a DNA payload increased its protection. The VP1 and VP2 shared region (VP1/2) showed no measurable protection, with or without DNA. Differential HDX between empty and full capsid samples allowed us to identify potential new DNA‐capsid interaction sites located primarily around the five‐fold channel, which differ from the three‐fold pocket binding site previously identified. Our HDX‐MS method for characterizing AAV structural dynamics opens a new way for future efforts to understand AAV structure–function relationships and engineer next‐generation AAV vectors with improved gene delivery properties.
Real‐world study: Impact of multidisciplinary management of apalutamide‐associated adverse events in prostate cancer
Authors: Córdoba Sánchez Julián , Monge‐Escartín Inés , Gil Javier , Carrera Cristina , Sáez‐Peñataro Joaquín , Ferrer Laura , Aversa Caterina , Mellado Begoña , Mases Joel , Ribal Maria Jose , Alcaraz Antonio , Vilaseca Antoni 
Published: June 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo analyse the adverse events (AEs) associated with apalutamide and the impact of a multidisciplinary team (MDT) protocol on its management at a tertiary care hospital in a real‐world setting.MethodsThis was an observational, prospective, cohort study based on real‐world evidence at the Hospital Clínic de Barcelona. Includes patients diagnosed with metastatic hormone‐sensitive prostate cancer (mHSPC) or high‐risk nonmetastatic castration‐resistant prostate cancer (nmCRPC) and who started treatment with apalutamide between May 2019 and March 2023 in a real‐world clinical setting.ResultsOf the 121 patients treated with apalutamide, 52.1% experienced an AE, 19.8% experienced temporarily interruption or a reduction in the dose of apalutamide, and 13.2% discontinued treatment due to AEs. Without MDT protocol (49 patients), 24.5% of patients had to temporarily interrupt or reduce the dose of apalutamide due to AEs, with a median time from the start of treatment of 10.1 months, and 24.5% discontinued apalutamide due to AEs, with a median time from the start of treatment of 3.1 months. Meanwhile, whit MDT protocol (72 patients), 16.7% of patients had to temporarily interrupt or reduce the dose of apalutamide due to AEs, with a median time from the start of treatment of 1.6 months, and 5.6% discontinued apalutamide due to AEs, with a median time from the start of treatment of 4 months. The risk reduction associated with treatment discontinuation was statistically significant (p‐value = 0.003).ConclusionsThis study highlights the importance of MDT management of AEs associated with apalutamide to reduce treatment discontinuation.
Interplay between microbial‐derived GABA and host GABA receptor signaling collectively influence the tumorigenic function of GABA in colon cancer
Authors: Keane Jonathan M. , Fernandes Philana , Kratz Florian , O'Callaghan Grace , Gahan Cormac G. M. , Joyce Susan A. , Stanton Catherine , Hyland Niall P. , Houston Aileen 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAlthough classically recognized as a neurotransmitter, gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA) has also been identified in colonic tumors. Moreover, the gut microbiome represents another potential source of GABA. Both GABAA and GABAB receptors have been implicated in contributing to the effects of GABA in colorectal cancer, with both pro‐ and anti‐tumorigenic functions identified. However, their subunit composition is often overlooked. Studies to date have not addressed whether the GABA‐producing potential of the microbiome changes over the course of colon tumor development or whether receptor subunit expression patterns are altered in colon cancer. Therefore, we investigated the clusters of orthologous group frequencies of glutamate decarboxylase (GAD) in feces from two murine models of colon cancer and found that the frequency of microbial GAD was significantly decreased early in the tumorigenic process. We also determined that microbial‐derived GABA inhibited proliferation of colon cancer cells in vitro and that this effect of GABA on SW480 cells involved both GABAA and GABAB receptors. GABA also inhibited prostaglandin E2 (PGE2)‐induced proliferation and interleukin‐6 (IL‐6) expression in these cells. Gene expression correlations were assessed using the “Cancer Exploration” suite of the TIMER2.0 web tool and identified that GABA receptor subunits were differentially expressed in human colon cancer. Moreover, GABAA receptor subunits were predominantly positively associated with PGE2 synthase, cyclooxygenase‐2 and IL‐6. Collectively, these data demonstrate decreased potential of the microbiome to produce GABA during tumorigenesis, a novel anti‐tumorigenic pathway for GABA, and that GABA receptor subunit expression adds a further layer of complexity to GABAergic signaling in colon cancer.