bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Role of glial fibrillary acidic protein expression in the biology of human glioblastoma U-373MG cells
Authors: Murphy Katrina G. , Hatton James D. , Sang U Hoi 
Published: June 2009

Object. The relationship between glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) expression and glial tumor cell behavior has not been well defined. The goal of this study was to examine this relationship further.
Methods. To investigate the relationship between GFAP expression and glial tumor cell behavior, the authors isolated clones from the human glioblastoma cell line, U-373MG, according to their level of GFAP expression. Immunochemical analysis demonstrated that one clone had consistently low GFAP expression (approximately 93% of cells were GFAP negative), whereas a second clone had consistently high GFAP expression (approximately 80% of the cells were GFAP positive). The structure, population doubling time, saturation density, anchorage-independent growth, migratory rate, and invasive potential of these two clones were determined in relation to their level of GFAP expression. Morphologically, both clones were composed of ameboid as well as stellate components. Although the population doubling times of the two clones were equally rapid, the clone with low GFAP expression demonstrated a slightly higher saturation density compared with the clone with high GFAP expression. In an anchorage-independent environment (soft agar), a greater difference in growth characteristics was noted between the two clones: the high-expression clone formed more colonies and these colonies were compact, well defined, and spherical, whereas the low-expression clone formed predominantly smaller, two-dimensional colonies with vague boundaries and isolated cells or groups of cells at the periphery. In contrast to these minor differences between the clones, the low-expression clone showed a markedly increased migratory rate and invasive potential compared with the high-expression clone. Therefore, the clone with reduced GFAP expression appeared more aggressive, demonstrating decreased contact inhibition, increased migratory rate, and increased invasive potential.
Conclusions. These results suggest a direct correlation between GFAP expression and some measures of aggressive tumor growth and transformation properties.
Relationships of the cisternal segment of the trochlear nerve
Authors: Tubbs R. Shane , Oakes W. Jerry 
Published: June 2009

Object. The cisternal portion of the trochlear nerve (fourth cranial nerve) can easily be injured during intracranial surgical operations. To help minimize the chance of such injury by promoting a thorough understanding of the anatomy of this nerve and its relationships to surrounding structures, the authors present this anatomical study.
Methods. In this study, in which 12 cadaveric heads (24 sides) were used, the authors describe exact distances between the trochlear nerve and various surrounding structures. Also described are relatively safe areas in which to manipulate or enter the tentorium, and these are referenced to external landmarks.
Conclusions. This information will prove useful in planning and executing surgical procedures in and around the free edge of the tentorium cerebelli.
Expression and Function of Histone Deacetylases in Rheumatoid Arthritis Synovial Fibroblasts
Authors: HORIUCHI MARIKA , MORINOBU AKIO , CHIN TAKAAKI , SAKAI YOSHITADA , KUROSAKA MASAHIRO , KUMAGAI SHUNICHI 
Published: June 2009

Objective.To explore the effects of histone deacetylases (HDAC) on rheumatoid arthritis synovial fibroblasts (RA-SF).Methods.The expression of mRNA encoding HDAC1 through HDAC11 in RA-SF and osteoarthritis-SF (OA-SF) was determined using real-time polymerase chain reactions. The functions of HDAC1 and HDAC2 in RA-SF were assessed using small interfering RNA (siRNA) technology. Cell counts and proliferation were examined by MTT assays and BrDU ELISA, respectively, and apoptosis was determined using the TUNEL assay and annexin V staining. Levels of cell cycle-related molecules and matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) were tested by Western blotting and ELISA, respectively.Results.Messenger RNA expression of HDAC1 was significantly higher in RA-SF than in OA-SF. Knockdown of HDAC1 and HDAC2 by siRNA resulted in decreased cell counts and cell proliferation, and increased apoptosis in RA-SF. Expression of p16, p21, and p53 was increased by knockdown of both HDAC1 and HDAC2. On the other hand, knockdown of HDAC1, but not of HDAC2, upregulated tumor necrosis factor-α-induced MMP-1 production by RA-SF.Conclusion.HDAC1 is overexpressed in RA-SF compared to OA-SF. HDAC1 supports cell proliferation and survival of RA-SF, but suppresses MMP-1 production. HDAC2 also plays an important role in cell proliferation and apoptosis of RA-SF. Our study provides useful information to develop new HDAC inhibitors for the treatment of RA.
Th1 and Th17 Predominance in the Enthesitis-related Arthritis Form of Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis
Authors: MAHENDRA ANKIT , MISRA RAMNATH , AGGARWAL AMITA 
Published: June 2009

Objective.A Th1 biased immune response in synovial fluid has been reported in children with polyarticular and extended oligoarticular-type juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). We investigated T cell phenotypes including Th1, Th2, Th17, and Treg with emphasis on Th17 and Treg, in order to differentiate cytokines in the enthesitis-related arthritis (ERA) form of JIA.Methods.The frequencies of Th1, Th2, Th17, and Treg cells were determined by flow cytometry in peripheral blood (PB) and synovial fluid from patients with ERA and healthy subjects. Levels of interleukin 1ß (IL-1ß), IL-6, IL-21, IL-23, and transforming growth factor ß (TGF-ß), cytokines that influence Th17 lineage cells, were measured in paired plasma and synovial fluid (SF) samples by ELISA. Frequencies are expressed as percentages and cytokine levels as pg/ml.Results.There were no differences in blood samples in the frequency of Th1, Th2, Th17, and Treg cells between patients and controls. In paired samples, the median frequency of CD4+IFN-γ+ (20.49 vs 4.03; p < 0.005) and CD4+IL-17+ (2.27 vs 0.57; p < 0.01) cells was significantly higher in SF compared to PB, respectively; whereas the frequency of CD4+IL-4+ (1.79 vs 2.29; p < 0.04) cells was significantly reduced in the SF compared to PB. There was no difference in the frequency of regulatory T cells. Patients receiving methotrexate had fewer Th2 cells, whereas the Childhood Health Assessment Questionnaire score had a negative association with the frequency of Treg. Median levels of IL-1ß (p < 0.008), IL-6 (p < 0.0001), and IL-17 (p < 0.0001) were higher in SF than in plasma and levels of TGF-ß were lower (p < 0.001). Levels of IL-21 were similar in SF and plasma, whereas IL-23 was undetectable.Conclusion.In patients with ERA, peripheral blood Th1, Th2, Th17, and Treg cells were unchanged, but Th1 and Th17 cells were increased and Th2 cells were reduced in the SF compared to blood. Elevated IL-1ß and IL-6 in SF may be responsible for increased Th17 cells.
Autologous Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant in Systemic Sclerosis: Quantitative High Resolution Computed Tomography of the Chest Scoring
Authors: LAUNAY DAVID , MARJANOVIC ZORA , de BAZELAIRE CEDRIC , FLOREA LAURA , ZOHAR SARAH , KESHTMAND HOMAH , DELIGNY CHRISTOPHE , de RAIGNIAC AXELLE , WELLS ATHOL U. , FARGE DOMINIQUE 
Published: June 2009

Objective.Using high resolution computed tomography (HRCT), to assess the lung involvement outcome after autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplant (AHSCT) in patients with scleroderma (systemic sclerosis, SSc).Methods.HCRT scans prospectively performed before (n = 9 patients) and after (n = 47) AHSCT were blindly reviewed by 2 independent investigators using the Wells score.Results.After a median 60 months’ followup, the overall disease extent score from HCRT scans decreased from 10 (0–45) to 4 (0–36) (p = 0.04) 6 months after AHSCT, and thereafter increased up to 36 months and stabilized; the modified Rodnan skin score fell (p < 0.05).Conclusion.The extent of SSc lung involvement on HRCT rapidly but transiently regressed after AHSCT.
Les inhibiteurs de l'excitation dans la genèse du fonctionnement psychique : de la décharge à la liaison
Authors: Dechaud-Ferbus Monique 
Published: June 2009

Les inhibiteurs de l’excitation dans la genèse du Moi, pour les transformations dans le fonctionnement psychique : de la décharge à la liaison. Reprenant la genèse du Moi, l’auteur fait l’hypothèse d’une organisation visant, de plusieurs façons, à freiner les excitations tant exogènes qu’endogènes. Vont contribuer à ce complexe inhibiteur : les traces mnémoniques et l’hallucination, l’objet et le cadre de la cure, l’attention dans le Moi. L’inhibition, dont rendent compte ces divers mécanismes, vise à une transformation du fonctionnement psychique, par une liaison favorisant le passage des processus primaires en processus secondaires. Des vignettes cliniques viendront illustrer ces hypothèses. Pour tenir compte des défaillances du fonctionnement psychique des patients, l’auteur utilise la psychothérapie psychanalytique corporelle (dite aussi psychothérapie psychanalytique de relaxation Ajuriaguerrra) comme aménagement du cadre. Cela lui permet de montrer les transformations rendues possibles à partir du travail sur les expressions du langage corporel.
L'inhibition de pensée chez l'analyste : une résistance ?
Authors: Chervet Emmanuelle 
Published: June 2009

Les voies de dégagement de l’inhibition de pensée chez l’analyste sont rapportées aux identifications hystériques développées au contact du patient, en lien à sa propre névrose infantile « civilisée » par son analyse et ses investissements professionnels, et à une conflictualisation de celles-ci, sur un mode œdipien, qui lui permet in fine de réinstaller un cadre topique pour ce patient-là, avec lui, ce qui est l’une des conditions de l’installation d’une régression formelle dans la cure.
De la sensation à l'intuition
Authors: Denis Anne 
Published: June 2009

L’apparition du thème de la musique dans nombre d’analyses non névrotiques a été mise en relation avec un manque de sublimation précoce de la pulsion, s’accompagnant de pathologies de la sensibilité et d’inhibitions ou perversions sexuelles. L’étude de la sensibilité a débouché sur l’intuition comme fonction intellectuelle basée sur la sensibilité et aboutissant à un jugement primaire, processus caractéristique de l’attention en égal suspens. L’étude de l’intuition s’est faite à l’aide d’auteurs extérieurs à la métapsychologie : Kant, Peirce, Einstein et l’incipit décrit par les écrivains.
EFFECTS OF DISTAL NAIL-HOLE DIMENSION AND WALL THICKNESS ON THE FEMORAL NAILING STRESSES — FINITE-ELEMENT ANALYSIS
Authors: Shih Kao-Shang , Tseng Ching-Shiow , Lee Chia-Ching , Lu Tung-Wu , Hou Sheng-Mou , Lin Shang-Chih 
Published: June 2009

Background. For the available systems, the two paired nail holes at the distal femoral portion were of identical size and shape. However, the higher incidence of the first nail-hole failure was reported at the medial than lateral side. In practice, the nail was initially stabilized by the screw insertion into the first hole from the lateral-to-medial side. If the lateral first hole was adequately strengthened, the larger nail-hole diameter could ease to insert the screws into the lateral hole. Methods. The finite-element method was used to investigate the effect of the configuration of the lateral first hole on the screw insertion and stress distribution of the distal nailing system. The distal nail-hole thickness was increased and its edge was intentionally chamfered to increase its effectively projected area onto the sagittal plane. There were eight variations of the nail-hole configuration in the parametric analyses. Findings. The deflected nail diagonally contacts the screws at the medial first and lateral second nail-screw sites. The medial first hole was the most stressed and the stress of the medial second hole was the least. The increase in the nail-hole thickness significantly reduces the concentrated stresses of all four holes, thus allowing the lateral first nail-hole diameter to be increased without the strength loss at that site. The enlargement and chamfer of the lateral first hole significantly increase the effective nail-hole projected area and potentially facilitate the screw insertion. Comparatively, the size and shape re-design of the lateral first hole induced the minor increase in stress values of the other holes and screws. Interpretation. In nature, the load-transferring mechanism between the distal nail-screw interfaces was the point-contact problem. If the wall-thickness, diameter, and chamfer of the lateral first hole were well-controlled, this re-design decreases the stress at the medial first distal hole where most failures occur and renders the overall system mechanically safer and more surgically effective.
Stathmin, a gene regulating neural plasticity, affects fear and anxiety processing in humans
Authors: Brocke Burkhard , Lesch Klaus‐Peter , Armbruster Diana , Moser Dirk A. , Müller Anett , Strobel Alexander , Kirschbaum Clemens 
Published: June 2009

AbstractThe identification of biological mechanisms underlying emotional behavior is crucial for our understanding of the pathogenesis of mental disorders. Besides genes modulating neural transmission and influencing amygdala reactivity and anxiety‐related temperamental traits a different plasticity regulating genes affect interindividual differences in emotional regulation. Recently it has been demonstrated thatstathmin, a regulator of microtubule formation which affects long‐term potentiation (LTP), controls learned and innate fear responses in rodents, but its role in human emotion regulation is unknown. We hypothesized that in humans the gene coding forstathmin(STMN1), which is highly expressed in the lateral nucleus of the amygdala and associated thalamic and cortical structures, influences behavioral responses to fear and anxiety stimuli by way of two common single nucleotide polymorphisms (rs182455, SNP1; rs213641, SNP2). These polymorphisms are located within or close to the putative transcriptional control region. We used the acoustic startle paradigm and a standardized laboratory protocol for the induction of fear and psychosocial stress in 106 healthy volunteers to investigate the impact of stathmin gene variation on two fear‐ and anxiety‐controlling effector‐systems of the amygdala. We found thatSTMN1genotype interacting with individuals' gender significantly impacts fear and anxiety responses as measured with the startle and cortisol stress response. We therefore conclude thatSTMN1genotype has functional relevance for the acquisition and expression of basic fear and anxiety responses also in humans. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
ADH1A variation predisposes to personality traits and substance dependence
Authors: Zuo Lingjun , Gelernter Joel , Kranzler Henry R. , Stein Murray B. , Zhang Huiping , Wei Feng , Sen Srijan , Poling James , Luo Xingguang 
Published: June 2009

AbstractHuman personality traits are strong predictors or characteristics of many psychiatric disorders including substance dependence (SD). Recently, significant associations between alcohol dehydrogenase type 1A gene (ADH1A) and SD have been reported, which led us to investigate the impact of ADH1A variation on personality traits and risk of SD. Five hundred fifty‐eight subjects with SD [398 European‐Americans (EAs) and 160 African‐Americans (AAs)], 517 college students (384 EAs and 133 European‐origin Hispanics), and 448 healthy subjects (385 EAs, 48 AAs, and 15 European‐origin Hispanics) participated. Personality traits were assessed in 247 subjects with SD (179 EAs and 68 AAs), all 517 college students, and 332 healthy subjects (285 EAs, 40 AAs, and 7 European‐origin Hispanics). The relationships between ADH1A and personality traits were comprehensively examined using stepwise multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA), and then decomposed by stepwise analysis of covariance (ANCOVA). The relationship between ADH1A and SD was examined using stepwise logistic regression analysis. Admixture effects on analyses were considered. Overall, Agreeableness and Conscientiousness were associated with the diplotypes, haplotypes, genotypes, and/or alleles of ADH1A in three of four phenotype groups including EA SD subjects, healthy subjects, and AA SD subjects (1.7 × 10−4 ≤ P ≤ 0.055), but not college students. Neuroticism was associated with diplotype, haplotypes and genotypes in AA SD subjects (0.001 ≤ P ≤ 0.031). In addition, SD was associated with diplotypes, haplotypes, genotypes, and/or alleles of ADH1A (0.008 ≤ P ≤ 0.060). The present study demonstrates that the ADH1A variation may contribute to the genetic component of variation in personality traits and SD. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Blogging, communication, and privacy management: Development of the Blogging Privacy Management Measure
Authors: Child Jeffrey T. , Pearson Judy C. , Petronio Sandra 
Published: June 2009

AbstractThis study applied Communication Privacy Management (CPM) theory to the context of blogging and developed a validated, theory‐based measure of blogging privacy management. Across three studies, 823 college student bloggers completed an online survey. In study one (n = 176), exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis techniques tested four potential models. Study two (n = 291) cross‐validated the final factor structure obtained in the fourth model with a separate sample. Study three (n = 356) tested the discriminant and predictive validity of the measure by comparing it to the self‐consciousness scale. The Blogging Privacy Management Measure (BPMM) is a multidimensional, valid, and reliable construct. Future research could explore the influence of family values about privacy on blogging privacy rule management.
Compromised need and the label effect: An examination of claims and evidence
Authors: Nicolaisen Jeppe 
Published: June 2009

AbstractTo establish whether the compromised need/the label effect is a frequently occurring phenomenon or not, available studies of the phenomenon are examined and claims are compared with evidence. Studies that reportedly have verified the phenomenon are shown to suffer from technical problems that put the claim of verification in doubt. Studies that have reported low percentages of questions changing from the initial query during large‐scale studies of user‐librarian negotiations could indicate that users are quite often asking for precisely what they want. However, these studies are found not to be definite falsifications, as the librarians did not conduct in‐depth interviews and therefore may have failed to discover the users' real information needs. Whether the compromised need/the label effect is a frequently occurring phenomenon or not cannot be conclusively confirmed or disconfirmed. However, the compromised need/the label effect is not the obvious truism or empirical fact that it has otherwise been claimed to be.
Fluid–structure interactions of the mitral valve and left heart: Comprehensive strategies, past, present and future
Authors: Einstein Daniel R. , Del Pin Facundo , Jiao Xiangmin , Kuprat Andrew P. , Carson James P. , Kunzelman Karyn S. , Cochran Richard P. , Guccione Julius M. , Ratcliffe Mark B. 
Published: June 2009

AbstractThe remodeling that occurs after a posterolateral myocardial infarction can alter mitral valve function by creating conformational abnormalities in the mitral annulus and in the posteromedial papillary muscle, leading to mitral regurgitation (MR). It is generally assumed that this remodeling is caused by a volume load and is mediated by an increase in diastolic wall stress. Thus, MR can be both the cause and effect of an abnormal cardiac stress environment. Computational modeling of ischemic MR and its surgical correction is attractive because it enables an examination of whether a given intervention addresses the correction of regurgitation (fluid‐flow) at the cost of abnormal tissue stress. This is significant because the negative effects of an increased wall stress due to the intervention will only be evident over time. However, a meaningful fluid–structure interaction (FSI) model of the left heart is not trivial; it requires a careful characterization of the in vivo cardiac geometry, the tissue parameterization through inverse analysis, a robust coupled solver that handles collapsing Lagrangian interfaces, the automatic grid‐generation algorithms that are capable of accurately discretizing the cardiac geometry, the innovations in image analysis, the competent and efficient constitutive models and an understanding of the spatial organization of tissue microstructure. In this paper, we profile our work toward a comprehensive FSI model of the left heart by reviewing our early work, presenting our current work and laying out our future work in four broad categories: data collection, geometry, FSI and validation. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Coupling strategies for biomedical fluid–structure interaction problems
Authors: Küttler U. , Gee M. , Förster Ch. , Comerford A. , Wall W. A. 
Published: June 2009

AbstractThe coupling of lightweight and often thin‐walled structures to fluids in an incompressible regime is a recurring theme in biomechanics. There are many fluid–structure interaction (FSI) solution schemes to address these kinds of problem, each one with its costs and benefits. Here, we attempt a comparison of the most important FSI schemes in the context of biomechanical problems, that is a comparison of different fixed‐point schemes and a block preconditioned monolithic scheme. The emphasis of this study is on the numerical behavior of these FSI schemes to gain an understanding of their effectiveness in comparison with each other. To this end a simplified benchmark problem is studied to show its applicability for more involved biomechanical problems. Two such examples with patient‐specific geometries are also discussed. The monolithic scheme proved to be much more efficient than the partitioned schemes in biomechanical problems. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Hyperchaos of higher order and its circuit implementation
Authors: Hu Guosi 
Published: June 2009

AbstractThough numerous hyperchaotic systems are reported, few of them can generate hyperchaotic attractors with more than three positive Lyapunov exponents. A new hyperchaotic system, constructed by adding the approximate time‐delayed state feedback to Chen system, is presented in this paper. This system has ring architecture with Chen system and several all‐pass filters coupled. With the increase of the number of all‐pass filters used in this system, the number of positive Lyapunov exponents also increases steadily. Hyperchaos of order 11 can be generated by this system. The resulting system is demonstrated by computer simulations and confirmed by an electronic circuit. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
MEKC‐LIF analysis of rhodamine123 delivered by carbon nanotubes in K562 cells
Authors: Li Ruibin , Wu Ren'an , Wu Minghuo , Zou Hanfa , Ma Hong , Yang Ling , Chris Le X. 
Published: June 2009

AbstractOxidized single‐walled carbon nanotubes (o‐SWNTs) were employed as the drug carriers to deliver the small molecules of Rhodamine123 (Rho123) into the K562 cells via physical adsorption. However, due to the fluorescence quenching of Rho123 on carbon nanotubes, the quantitative determination of Rho123 in cells is difficult. Based on the MEKC coupled with LIF detection, a quantitative approach was developed for the determination of Rho123 delivered into K562 cells by o‐SWNTs. Where the adsorbed Rho123 on o‐SWNTs could be desorbed by SDS in running buffer and be simultaneously separated with o‐SWNTs due to the differences of their electrophoretic mobility by applying the electric potential at the both ends of capillary. Using this approach, the intracellular uptakes of Rho123 in multidrug‐resistant and multidrug‐sensitive leukemia cells were quantified, and the results showed that o‐SWNTs could be used as the potential drug carriers to deliver small molecules into cells via the physical adsorption along with the circumventing of multidrug resistance of leukemia cells.