bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative Analysis of Two-Piece Extended Peritoneal Dialysis Catheters with Remote Exit-Site Locations and Conventional Abdominal Catheters
Authors: Crabtree John H. , Burchette Raoul J. 
Published: February 2010

Background An alternative peritoneal catheter exit-site location is sometimes needed in patients with obesity, floppy skin folds, intestinal stomas, urinary and fecal incontinence, and chronic yeast intertrigo. Two-piece extended catheters permit remote exit-site locations away from problematic abdominal conditions. Objective The effect on clinical outcomes by remotely locating catheter exit sites to the upper abdomen or chest was compared to conventional lower abdominal sites. Methods In a nonrandomized design, peritoneal access was established with 158 extended catheters and 270 conventional catheters based upon body habitus and special clinical needs. Prospective data collection included patient demographics, infectious and mechanical complications, and catheter survival. Results Kaplan–Meier survival time until first exit-site infection was longer for extended catheters ( p = 0.03). Poisson regression showed no difference in exit site, subcutaneous tunnel, and peritonitis infection rates; however, the proportion of catheters lost during peritonitis episodes was significantly greater for extended catheters ( p = 0.007) and appeared to be due primarily to coagulase-negative staphylococcus organisms. Poisson regression showed interactions of body mass index (BMI) and diabetic status in determining catheter loss from peritonitis for both catheter types ( p = 0.02). Extended catheter patients had higher BMI and diabetes prevalence ( p < 0.0001). Overall extended catheter survival at 1, 2, and 3 years (92%, 80%, 71%) trended lower than conventional devices (93%, 87%, 80%; p = 0.0505). Conclusions Extended catheters enable peritoneal access for patients in whom conventional catheter placement would be difficult or impossible. Certain patient and extended-catheter characteristics may contribute to loss from peritonitis.
Epistasis of ERAP1 With 4 Major Histocompatibility Complex Class I Alleles in Frontal Fibrosing Alopecia
Authors: Rayinda Tuntas , Dand Nick , McSweeney Sheila M. , Christou Evangelos , Ung Chuin Ying , Stefanato Catherine M. , Fenton David A. , Harries Matthew , Palamaras Ioulios , Tidman Alice , Holmes Susan , Koutalopoulou Anastasia , Ardern-Jones Michael , Kaur Manjit , Papanikou Sofia , Chasapi Vasiliki , Vañó-Galvan Sergio , Saceda-Corralo David , Melián-Olivera Ana , Azcarraga-Llobet Carlos , Lobato-Berezo Alejandro , Bustamante Mariona , Sunyer Jordi , Starace Michela Valeria Rita , Piraccini Bianca Maria , Wiss Isabel Pupo , Senna Maryanne Makredes , Singh Rashmi , Hillmann Kathrin , Kanti-Schmidt Varvara , Blume-Peytavi Ulrike , McGrath John A. , Simpson Michael A. , Tziotzios Christos 
Published: February 2025

ImportanceFrontal fibrosing alopecia (FFA) is an inflammatory and scarring form of hair loss of increasing prevalence that most commonly affects women. An improved understanding of the genetic basis of FFA will support the identification of pathogenic mechanisms and therapeutic targets.ObjectiveTo identify novel genomic loci at which common genetic variation affects FFA susceptibility and assess nonadditive effects on genetic risk between susceptibility loci.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsFour genome-wide association studies were combined using an SE-weighted meta-analysis. Within the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) locus, stepwise conditional analysis was undertaken to determine independently associated classical MHC class I alleles. Statistical tests for epistatic interaction were performed between risk alleles at the MHC and endoplasmic reticulum aminopeptidase 1 (ERAP1) loci.Main Outcomes and MeasuresGenome-wide significant locus associated with FFA and nonadditive effects on genetic risk between susceptibility loci.ResultsOf 6668 included patients, there were 1585 European female individuals with FFA and 5083 controls. Genome-wide significant associations were identified at 4 genomic loci, including a novel susceptibility locus at 5q15, and the association signal could be fine-mapped to a single nucleotide substitution (rs10045403) in the 5′ untranslated region of ERAP1 (rs10045403; odds ratio, 1.30; 95% CI, 1.19-1.43; P = 3.6 × 10−8). Within the MHC, FFA risk was statistically independently associated with HLA-A*11:01, HLA-A*33:01, HLA-B*07:02, and HLA-B*35:01. FFA risk was affected by genetic variation at the ERAP1 locus only in individuals who carried at least 1 of the MHC class I risk alleles.Conclusions and RelevanceIn this genome-wide meta-analysis, a supra-additive effect of genetic variation was found that affected peptide trimming and antigen presentation on FFA susceptibility. Patients with FFA may benefit from emerging therapeutic approaches that modulate ERAP-mediated processes.
Integrated Nicotine Replacement and Behavioral Support to Reduce Smoking in Opioid Agonist Therapy
Authors: Druckrey-Fiskaaen Karl Trygve , Madebo Tesfaye , Daltveit Jan Tore , Vold Jørn Henrik , Furulund Einar , Chalabianloo Fatemeh , Gilje Lid Torgeir , Fadnes Lars Thore 
Published: February 2025

ImportanceApproximately 85% of individuals receiving opioid agonist therapy for opioid dependence smoke tobacco. Despite the significant health risks associated with smoking-related diseases, there has been limited evaluation of smoking interventions tailored to this population.ObjectiveTo determine the effectiveness of an intervention combining nicotine replacement with brief behavioral support in reducing cigarette use.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis multicenter randomized clinical trial was conducted from April 2022 to October 2023 in 7 specialized opioid agonist therapy clinics in Bergen and Stavanger, Norway. The analyst was blinded to patient groupings. Assessors (study nurses) were not fully blinded to participant allocation. Individuals diagnosed with opioid dependency receiving opioid agonist therapy at participating clinics and smoking at least 1 cigarette per day were eligible for participation. Data analysis was performed from December 2023 through October 2024.InterventionIn addition to standard opioid agonist therapy, participants in the intervention group received a 16-week integrated treatment combining nicotine replacement with brief behavioral support. Participants in the control group received only standard opioid agonist therapy.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe primary outcome was at least a 50% reduction in the number of cigarettes smoked, self-reported as cigarette use in the past 7 days at week 16. The analysis followed intention-to-treat principles. Cigarette use was self-reported as per the timeline-follow-back method.ResultsAmong the 259 participants (mean [SD] age, 48.5 [10.4] years; 80 [30.9%] female), 135 were allocated to the intervention group and 124 to the control group. The odds ratio of at least halving the number of cigarettes smoked was 2.07 (95% CI, 1.14-3.75) in the intervention group compared with the control group.Conclusions and RelevanceProviding integrated nicotine replacement and behavioral support at opioid agonist treatment clinics effectively helped opioid-dependent participants reduce the number of cigarettes smoked.Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT05290025
Estimating Different Value Functions of the Prospect Theory According to Individual Decision‐Making Styles
Authors: Kim Bum Seok , Kim Woosub , Min Jae H. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThis study aims to explore human risk tolerance behaviors by applying decision‐making styles, which refer to individual habits or response patterns during decision‐making process. Specifically, this research estimates the sample's prospect theory value function by decision‐making style and statistically tests the difference in coefficients of the value function using ANOVA and Duncan grouping. The results show that individuals with rational and avoidant decision‐making styles tend to display risk‐averse tendencies in situations involving future prospective gains, whereas those with dependent, intuitive, and spontaneous styles exhibit risk‐seeking tendencies. Conversely, individuals with rational and dependent decision‐making styles demonstrate risk‐averse tendencies in situations involving future prospective losses, whereas those with avoidant, intuitive, and spontaneous styles display risk‐seeking tendencies. This study presents empirical evidence that decision‐making styles can account for all combinations of risk attitudes toward gains and losses situations. This finding demonstrates a granular level in risk attitudes that prospect theory cannot solely explain.
Patient Perceptions of Medication Therapy for Prevention of Post‐Traumatic Osteoarthritis Following Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury: A Qualitative Content Analysis
Authors: Waddell Lily M. , Mitchener Donald P. , Frier Kelly C. , Jones Morgan H. , Losina Elena , Bansback Nick , Fraenkel Liana , Kim Jason S. , Katz Jeffrey N. , Selzer Faith , Easterbrook Adam 
Published: February 2025

ObjectivePost‐traumatic osteoarthritis (PTOA) accounts for nearly 12% of osteoarthritis (OA) incidence and often occurs after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tear. Ensuring uptake of preventive treatments for PTOA requires that investigators and clinicians understand factors influencing patients to seek preventive therapies. This qualitative, descriptive study aimed to assess individuals’ willingness to adopt a medication therapy for PTOA prevention following ACL injury.MethodsWe enrolled participants who had an ACL tear within two years of enrollment. Subjects participated in a semi‐structured interview or focus group. We reviewed audio transcripts for accuracy, then organized the data inductively, beginning with open coding of audio transcripts using NVivo 12. Finally, using a qualitative content analysis approach we identified, revised, and constructed themes and subthemes.Results25 individuals (mean age 25, 60% women) participated. Participants were an average of 10 months post‐injury (mean 310 days, 95% CI [249, 371]) and reported a mean Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) pain score of 80.3 (95% CI [74.5, 86.2]). We identified three main themes related to general treatment for PTOA (e.g., unwanted side effects), medication treatment for PTOA (e.g., concern about pill size and dose frequency), and clinical trial attributes (e.g., time commitment).ConclusionAlthough participants expressed great interest in trying medication therapy for PTOA prevention, there was variability in which components of treatment mattered to them. Our results stress the importance of using qualitative approaches such as this one to inform the design of trials and treatments that real‐world patients will pursue with enthusiasm.
Coacervates Composed of Low‐Molecular‐Weight Compounds– Molecular Design, Stimuli Responsiveness, Confined Reaction
Authors: Higashi Sayuri L. , Ikeda Masato 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThe discovery of coacervation within living cells through liquid–liquid phase separation has inspired scientists to investigate its fundamental principles and significance. Indeed, coacervates composed of low‐molecular‐weight compounds based on supramolecular strategy can offer valuable models for biomolecular condensates and useful tools. This mini‐review highlights recent findings and advances in coacervates (artificial condensates), primarily composed of low‐molecular‐weight compounds, with focuses on their molecular design, stimuli responsiveness, and controlled reactions within or leading to the coacervates.
Unidirectional Bias Study Based on Nickel Foam Electrochemical Ion Diode
Authors: Zhao Guo‐Xian , Pan Zu‐Tao , Xu Yao , Hou Jing‐Feng , Kong Ling‐Bin 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThe proposed supercapacitor diode (CAPode) integrates energy storage and diode characteristics into a single device, enabling high‐capacity storage for a specific voltage direction. The CAPode expands the functionality of traditional supercapacitors to new technological applications, including microcircuit rectification, logic gate operations, and signal transmission. Conventional active materials for CAPodes include carbon materials and pseudocapacitor materials, among others, which can be complicated and expensive to synthesize. Here, a new commercial nickel foam‐based electrochemical ion diode with ultra‐high rectification characteristics (rectification ratio I of 5.41 and rectification ratio II of 0.85 at 200 mV s−1) and good charge storage capacity (49.74 C g−1 at 10 mV s−1) is reported. The key to achieving unidirectional charge storage lies in the sieve‐selective oxidative reduction of ions in the alkaline electrolyte by nickel foam, enabling unidirectional OH− transport. The emergence of nickel foam electrochemical ion diodes has opened up a new avenue for realizing the design of high‐performance CAPodes due to their lower cost and extremely simple preparation process. Furthermore, the device is demonstrated to perform logical operations such as AND and OR in logic gate circuits, and the results presented may facilitate the practical application of ionic diodes.
Tailoring Stretchable, Biocompatible, and 3D Printable Properties of Carbon‐Based Conductive Hydrogel for Bioelectronic Interface Applications
Authors: Yao Siqi , Zhang Chenrui , Bai Luge , Wang Sen , Liu Yingjie , Li Lei , Li Xiao , He Jiankang , Wang Ling , Li Dichen 
Published: February 2025

AbstractFunctional conductive hydrogels with customizable shapes and structures facilitate seamless integration between biological and electronic interfaces. However, the current capacity to adjust the properties of conductive gels is constrained, frequently requiring complex post‐processing methods to ensure gel formation and achieve a balance between mechanical and electrical properties. This significantly limits the flexibility in fabricating gel‐based sensing interfaces. In this study, a 3D‐printable, photo‐crosslinked, carbon‐based conductive nanocomposite hydrogel (FPCH) comprising poly(ether) F127 diacrylate (F127DA), Single‐Walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNT), and poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene)‐polystyrene sulfonic acid (PEDOT:PSS) is developed. By optimizing the proportion of conductive fillers, the hydrogel achieves tunable modulus (as low as 90 kPa), high stretchability (up to 520% strain), conductivity (440 S m−1), and 3D printability. The conductive gel can be rapidly cured on demand via UV‐induced crosslinking and demonstrates good biocompatibility. It functions not only as a “skin electronic tattoo” for multimodal applications, such as strain and humidity sensing and thermal compensation but also effectively stimulates the sciatic nerve in vivo at low voltage. Furthermore, electrodes fabricated using 3D printing technology offer conformal contact with brain tissue and enable real‐time monitoring of electrophysiological signals, providing a versatile bioelectronic sensing interface for multi‐modal applications adaptable for both the in vivo and in vitro environments.
Breathable Biomimetic Chiral Porous MOF Thin Films for Multiple Enantiomers Sensing
Authors: Li Na , Zhang Jin‐Biao , Wöll Christof , Gu Zhi‐Gang , Zhang Jian 
Published: February 2025

AbstractChiral sensing is essential in pharmaceuticals, food safety, and environmental monitoring, but effectively and accurately detecting various enantiomers continues to be a substantial challenge. Inspired by the dynamic conformational change of olfactory receptor proteins, natural L‐carnosine (Car) is used as a ligand to assemble the first highly crystalline and oriented chiral peptide‐based metal‐organic framework (MOF) thin films with liquid‐phase epitaxial layer‐by‐layer approach (named surfac‐coordinated MOF thin films, SURMOFs). By adjusting the solvent environment, these chiral and at the same time porous SURMOFs mimic the conformational flexibility of receptor proteins, exhibiting dynamic structural changes. This “breathing effect” enables ZnCar SURMOFs to selectively sense six fragrance enantiomers, including (+)/(−)‐carvone, (+)/(−)‐menthol, and (+)/(−)‐limonene. By incorporating these films into a quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) and analyzing the frequency shifts using convolutional neural networks (CNN), a highly sensitive gravimetric biomimetic chiral sensor capable of detecting multiple enantiomers has been developed. With a sensitivity range of 10 to 200 ppm, the sensor reached a recognition accuracy of 98.58% for these six enantiomers, showcasing outstanding selectivity and flexibility.
In Situ Construction of LiF/Li3N/LixGa Hybrid SEI to Boost Long‐Lifespan Succinonitrile‐Based Solid‐State Lithium Metal Batteries
Authors: Yang Tianqi , Lou Jiatao , Hu Liuyi , Liu Qi , Huang Zhouyu , Zhou Qingru , Zhang Haiyuan , Song Wenlong , Huang Hui , Wang Yao , Tao Xinyong , Xia Yang , Zhang Wenkui , Zhang Jun 
Published: February 2025

AbstractSuccinonitrile (SN)‐based in situ polymerized solid‐state electrolytes (SIPSSEs) for lithium batteries have attracted considerable attention due to their high ionic conductivity, wide electrochemical stability window (ESW), and potential for large‐scale applications. Despite these advantages, the polar cyano groups in SN molecules lead to significant interfacial problems upon direct contact with metallic lithium (Li), including unstable solid electrolyte interface (SEI) and the growth of Li dendrites, which impede the further application of SIPSSEs to solid‐state lithium metal batteries (SSLMBs). To address these challenges, here a GaF3‐modified SIPSSE (GSNE) is developed by incorporating GaF3 and fluoroethylene carbonate to passivate metallic Li and employing ethoxylated trimethylolpropane triacrylate to anchor SN molecules. As a result of this strategic electrolyte component design, GSNE achieves an ionic conductivity of 1.3 × 10−3 S cm−1 at 30 °C as well as wide ESW up to 4.6 V. Additionally, a LiF/Li3N/LixGa hybrid SEI is formed on the metallic Li surface through an in situ alloying reaction. This hybrid SEI demonstrates superior interfacial stability and fast Li⁺ transport kinetics, as confirmed by various advanced characterization techniques and theoretical calculations. Consequently, LiFePO4/GSNE/Li cells exhibit excellent rate performance and cycling stability. This work provides new insights into the designing of long‐lifespan SIPSSEs‐based SSLMBs.
Impact of Linking‐Site on Photovoltaic Performance of Giant Molecular Acceptors Containing N‐Type Linker
Authors: Meng Shixin , Zang Yu , Wang Zongtao , Fu Hongyuan , Zhang Ming , Yao Jia , Wang Qingyuan , Wang Haiqiao , Yi Yuanping , Xue Lingwei , Zhou Erjun , Zhang Zhi‐Guo 
Published: February 2025

AbstractConnecting small molecule acceptors through conjugated or nonconjugated linker to form giant molecular acceptors (GMAs) represents a strategic approach to enhancing the morphological stability of organic solar cells (OSCs). In this study, we employed benzothiadiazole (BT) as a typical n‐type linker to design and synthesize two GMAs through linking‐site isomerization: i‐BT‐DY and o‐BT‐DY. Compared to i‐BT‐DY, o‐BT‐DY exhibits enhanced crystallinity and a more favorable face‐on orientation but lower electron mobility. This can be well explained by theoretical calculations, as i‐BT‐DY demonstrates a delocalized LUMO distribution and significantly stronger intramolecular super‐exchange coupling (43.7 meV versus 22.2 meV for o‐BT‐DY). Additionally, i‐BT‐DY also exhibits a stronger and red‐shifted absorption. Combining these attributes, the PM6: i‐BT‐DY blend achieved an impressive power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 18.86%. The PCE can be further increased to 19.49% in ternary blend. As expected, OSCs based on both i‐BT‐DY and o‐BT‐DY exhibit exceptional long‐term photostability (T85% >1000 hours). This work deepens our understanding of how n‐type linkers at different linking sites influence the performance of GMAs, concluding that intramolecular interaction, rather than intermolecular, are the primary factor affecting charge transport in these acceptors. Additionally, it also highlights the potential of n‐type linker GMAs as ternary components for OSCs.
Tetrahedral Tilting and Lithium‐Ion Transport in Halide Argyrodites Prepared by Rapid, Microwave‐Assisted Synthesis
Authors: Shotwell Austin M. , Schulze Maxwell C. , Yox Philip , Alaniz Cade , Maughan Annalise E. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThis study demonstrates a rapid, dry, microwave‐assisted (MW) synthesis method that enables preparation of halide argyrodites ( , , ) in less than 20 min. The structures and ion transport properties of the resulting materials are compared with those synthesized by conventional solid‐state synthesis methods. The microwave‐assisted method leads to increased site disorder and elevated Arrhenius prefactors (), which lead to an order of magnitude improvement in the 30 ionic conductivity of MW‐. X‐ray pair distribution function analysis (XPDF) reveals significant rotational disorder of the units, which is impacted by the synthesis method, choice of halide, and presence of / site disorder. These rotational displacements are strongly correlated with ion transport, specifically and entropy of migration (). Overall, this study demonstrates a rapid synthesis route for preparing high‐quality halide argyrodite solid‐state electrolytes in less than 20 min, and further unravels atomistic insights into the interplay of structural disorder, rotational dynamics, and ion transport mechanisms.
2D Vacancy Confinement in Anatase TiO2 for Enhanced Photocatalytic Activities
Authors: Yoon Minwook , Park Yunkyu , Sim Hyeji , Kwon Hee Ryeong , Lee Yujeong , Jang Ho Won , Choi Si‐Young , Son Junwoo 
Published: February 2025

AbstractLight‐driven energy conversion devices call for the atomic‐level manipulation of defects associated with electronic states in solids. However, previous approaches to produce oxygen vacancy (VO) as a source of sub‐bandgap energy levels have hampered the precise control of the distribution and concentration of VO. Here, a new strategy to spatially confine VO at the homo‐interfaces is demonstrated by exploiting the sequential growth of anatase TiO2 under dissimilar thermodynamic conditions. Remarkably, metallic behavior with high carrier density and electron mobility is observed after sequential growth of the TiO2 films under low pressure and temperature (L‐TiO2) on top of high‐quality anatase TiO2 epitaxial films (H‐TiO2), despite the insulating properties of L‐TiO2 and H‐TiO2 single layers. Multiple characterizations elucidate that the VO layer is geometrically confined within 4 unit cells at the interface, along with low‐temperature crystallization of upper L‐TiO2 films; this 2D VO layer is responsible for the formation of in‐gap states, promoting photocarrier lifetime (≈300%) and light absorption. These results suggest a synthetic strategy to locally confine functional defects and emphasize how sub‐bandgap energy levels in the confined imperfections influence the kinetics of light‐driven catalytic reactions.