bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chimeric, divalent and tetravalent anti‐CD19 monoclonal antibodies with potent in vitro and in vivo antitumor activity against human B‐cell lymphoma and pre‐B acute lymphoblastic leukemia cell lines
Authors: Liu Xiao‐Yun , Pop Laurentiu M. , Tsai Lydia , Pop Iliodora V. , Vitetta Ellen S. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractCD19 is an attractive therapeutic target for treating human B‐cell tumors. In our study, chimeric (c) divalent (cHD37) and tetravalent (cHD37‐DcVV) anti‐CD19 monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) were constructed, expressed and evaluated for their binding to human 19‐positive (CD19+) tumor cell lines. They were also tested for proapoptotic activity and the ability to mediate effector functions. The antitumor activity of these MAbs was further tested in mice xenografted with the CD19+ Burkitt's lymphoma cell line, Daudi or the pre‐B acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) cell line, NALM‐6. The cHD37 and cHD37‐DcVV MAbs exhibited specific binding and comparable proapoptotic activity on CD19+ tumor cell lines in vitro. In addition, the cHD37 and cHD37‐DcVV MAbs were similar in their ability to mediate antibody‐dependent cell‐mediated phagocytosis (ADCP). However, the tetravalent cHD37‐DcVV MAb bound more avidly, had a slower dissociation rate, and did not internalize as well. It also had enhanced antibody‐dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) with human but not murine effector cells. The cHD37 and cHD37‐DcVV MAbs exhibited comparable affinity for the human neonatal Fc receptor (FcRn) and similar pharmacokinetics (PKs) in mice. Moreover, all the HD37 constructs were similar in extending the survival of mice xenografted with Daudi or NALM‐6 tumor cells. Therefore, the cHD37 and cHD37‐DcVV MAbs have potent antitumor activity and should be further developed for use in humans. Although not evident in mice, due to its increased ability to mediate ADCC with human but not mouse effector cells, the cHD37‐DcVV MAb should have superior therapeutic efficacy in humans.
Trends in head and neck cancer incidence in Denmark, 1978–2007: Focus on human papillomavirus associated sites
Authors: Blomberg Maria , Nielsen Ann , Munk Christian , Kjaer Susanne Krüger 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThe aim of our study was to assess the overall trends in the incidence of head‐and‐neck cancer (HNC) among Danish men and women in 1978–2007, to describe the distribution and incidences of HNCs at different anatomical sites, and to determine whether the incidence of human papillomavirus (HPV)‐associated cancers is increasing. Data were extracted from the nationwide Cancer Registry database. To assess the possible impact of HPV infection, the sites of squamous cell carcinomas were categorized as HPV‐associated, potentially HPV‐associated or HPV‐unrelated. In total, 26,474 incident cases were identified and the overall incidence increased throughout the period. Significantly increasing incidence rates were notably seen for tumors in the oral cavity (2.2% per year), tonsils (4.8% per year), oropharynx (3.5% per year) and hypopharynx (4.4% per year). A significantly decreasing incidence of lip cancer was observed among men (–5.0% per year). Cancers at HPV‐associated sites (n = 3650) showed strongly increasing incidence rates, primarily in individuals < 60 years. In contrast, HNCs at sites not related to HPV infection showed a significant decrease (in men) or virtually no change in incidence (in women). Our results suggest a marked impact of HPV infection on the epidemiology of HNCs in Denmark. HPV16 is the type most often found in HNCs; thus, the recent introduction of vaccination against HPV may in the future prevent HPV‐associated cancers of the head and neck.
Dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids and breast cancer risk in Chinese women: A prospective cohort study
Authors: Murff Harvey J. , Shu Xiao‐Ou , Li Honglan , Yang Gong , Wu Xiauyan , Cai Hui , Wen Wanqing , Gao Yu‐Tang , Zheng Wei 
Published: September 2010

AbstractBreast cancer is the most common cancer in women. Controversy exists regarding the role of dietary fat in breast cancer etiology. We investigated the association of dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and the ratio of n‐6 PUFAs to marine‐derived n‐3 PUFAs with breast cancer risk in the Shanghai Women's Health Study, a prospective cohort study including 72,571 cancer‐free participants at baseline. Dietary fatty acid intake was determined using food frequency questionnaires. We used Cox proportional hazards analysis to estimate the relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the association of breast cancer risk with dietary fatty acids consumption. In 583,998 person‐years of follow‐up, we identified 712 breast cancer cases. We found no association of breast cancer risk to dietary intake of linoleic acid, arachidonic acid, α‐linolenic acid or marine‐derived n‐3 PUFA. We found a statistically significant interaction between n‐6 PUFA intake, marine‐derived n‐3 PUFA intake and breast cancer risk (p = 0.008). Women with lower intake (the lowest tertile) of marine‐derived n‐3 PUFA and higher intake (the highest tertile) of n‐6 PUFA had an increase risk for breast cancer (RR = 2.06; 95% CI = 1.27–3.34) compared to women with higher intake (the highest tertile) of marine‐derived n‐3 PUFAs and lower intake (the lowest tertile) of n‐6 PUFAs after adjusting for potential confounders. The relative amounts of n‐6 PUFA to marine‐derived n‐3 PUFAs may be more important for breast cancer risk than individual dietary amounts of these fatty acids.
Gene expression profiling reveals novel biomarkers in nonsmall cell lung cancer
Authors: Sanchez‐Palencia Abel , Gomez‐Morales Mercedes , Gomez‐Capilla Jose Antonio , Pedraza Vicente , Boyero Laura , Rosell Rafael , Fárez‐Vidal Mª Esther 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThe development of reliable gene expression profiling technology is having an increasing impact on our understanding of lung cancer biology. Our study aimed to determine any correlation between the phenotypic heterogeneity and genetic diversity of lung cancer. Microarray analysis was performed on a set of 46 tumor samples and 45 paired nontumor samples of nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) samples to establish gene signatures in primary adenocarcinomas and squamous‐cell carcinomas, determine differentially expressed gene sequences at different stages of the disease and identify sequences with biological significance for tumor progression. After the microarray analysis, the expression level of 92 selected genes was validated by qPCR and the robust Bonferroni test in an independent set of 70 samples composed of 48 tumor samples and 22 nontumor samples. Gene sequences were differentially expressed as a function of tumor type, stage and differentiation grade. High upregulation was observed for KRT15 and PKP1, which may be good markers to distinguish squamous‐cell carcinoma samples. High downregulation was observed for DSG3 in stage IA adenocarcinomas.
Nonparametric estimation of the impact of taxes on female labor supply
Authors: Kumar Anil 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThis paper proposes a simple extension of nonparametric estimation methods for nonlinear budget‐set models derived in Blomquist and Newey (2002) to censored dependent variables. The nonparametric method is applied to estimate female labor supply elasticities using data on married women from the 1985 and 1989 waves of the Panel Study of Income Dynamics, exploiting the substantial variation in budget sets caused by the Tax Reform Act of 1986 as a source of identification. The estimated wage elasticities from this new method are 0.56 overall and 0.27 on the intensive margin. The income elasticity estimates are close to − 0.67 overall and − 0.13 on the intensive margin. Compared with the linear labor supply model, the estimated elasticities are usually larger for the nonparametric specifications that account for nonlinear budget sets. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
MicroRNA expression changes during zebrafish development induced by perfluorooctane sulfonate
Authors: Zhang Ling , Li Yuan‐yuan , Zeng Huai‐cai , Wei Jie , Wan Yan‐jian , Chen Jun , Xu Shun‐qing 
Published: September 2010

AbstractPerfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS), a kind of widely distributed environmentally organic compound, has been found to cause developmental toxicity. Although microRNAs (miRNAs) play an important role in many metabolic tasks, whether and how they are involved in the process of PFOS‐induced toxicity is largely unknown. To address this problem, PFOS‐induced changes in miRNAs and target gene expression in zebrafish embryos, and the potential mechanism of PFOS‐induced toxic action were studied in this research. Zebrafish embryos were exposed to 1 µg ml−1PFOS or DMSO control from 6 h post‐fertilization (hpf) to 24 or 120 hpf. Subsequently, RNA was isolated from the embryo pool and the expression profiles of 219 known zebrafish miRNAs were analyzed using microarray. Finally, quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction was used to validate several miRNAs expression of microarray data. The analysis revealed that PFOS exposure induced significant changes in miRNA expression profiles. A total of 39 and 81 miRNAs showed significantly altered expression patterns after PFOS exposure 24 and 120 hpf. Of the changed miRNAs, 20 were significantly up‐regulated and 19 were significantly down‐regulated (p< 0.01) at 24 hpf, whereas 41 were significantly up‐regulated and 40 were significantly down‐regulated (p< 0.01) at 120 hpf. These miRNAs were involved in development, apoptosis and cell signal pathway, cell cycle progression and proliferation, oncogenesis, adipose metabolism and hormone secretion, whereas there is still little functional information available for 32 miRNAs. Our results demonstrate that PFOS exposure alters the expression of a suite of miRNAs and may induce developmental toxicity. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Protective effect of C60‐methionine derivate on lead‐exposed human SH‐SY5Y neuroblastoma cells
Authors: Chen Tian , Li Yuan‐Yuan , Zhang Jin‐Long , Xu Bin , Lin Yi , Wang Chun‐Xiang , Guan Wen‐Chao , Wang You‐Jie , Xu Shun‐Qing 
Published: September 2010

AbstractOxidative stress has been considered as one of the possible mechanisms leading to the neurotoxicity of lead. One of the effective ways to prevent cellular damage after lead exposure is using antioxidants. In this paper, a novel C60‐methionine derivate (FMD), a fullerene molecule modified with methionine, was synthesized. The protective effect of FMD on lead‐exposed human SH‐SY5Y neuroblastoma cells was investigated. In this research, after incubating with 500 µm Pb acetate alone for 72 h, the cells had undergone a series of biological changes including viability loss, apoptotic death, the depletion of glutathione (GSH), the peroxidation of membrane lipid and DNA damage. Pretreatment with FMD before lead exposure could improve cell survival, increase the GSH level, reduce malondialdehyde content and attenuate DNA damage without obvious toxicity. In addition, the protective effects of FMD were proven to be greater than those of other two C60‐amino acid derivates, β‐alanine C60 derivate and cystine C60 derivate, which have been confirmed in our previous work to be able to protect rat pheochromocytoma PC12 cells from hydrogen dioxide‐induced oxidative injuries. These observations suggest that FMD may serve as a potential antioxidative and neuroprotective agent in the prevention of lead intoxication. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Label‐free imaging and analysis of the effects of lipolysis products on primary hepatocytes
Authors: Schie Iwan W. , Wu Jian , Weeks Tyler , Zern Mark A. , Rutledge John C. , Huser Thomas 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThe increased accumulation of intracellular lipid droplets within hepatocytes is a pathologic hallmark of liver injury of various etiologies, especially non‐alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). The dynamics, subcellular origin, and chemical composition of lipid droplets under various pathophysiologic conditions, however, remain poorly understood. We used coherent Raman microscopy and spontaneous Raman spectroscopy to monitor and analyze the formation of lipid droplets in living primary rat hepatocytes exposed to triglyceride‐rich lipoprotein (TGRL) lipolysis products. After exposure to the complex fatty acid mixture released during the lipolysis process for 30 minutes, new lipid droplets rapidly appeared within hepatocytes and increased in size and number over the total observation period of 205 minutes. Raman spectroscopic analysis of individual intracellular lipid droplets before and after exposure to lipolysis products reveals that the major components of these droplets are esterified unsaturated fatty acids. We find that the fatty acid unsaturation ratio increases with droplet size. Control experiments with defined fatty acid mixtures reveal the complexity of the cellular response to assault by combinations of lipids. (© 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Biocompatibility evaluation of HDPE‐UHMWPE reinforced β‐TCP nanocomposites using highly purified human osteoblast cells
Authors: Shokrgozar M. A. , Farokhi M. , Rajaei F. , Bagheri M. H. A , Azari SH. , Ghasemi I. , Mottaghitalab F. , Azadmanesh K. , Radfar J. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractBiocompatibility of β‐TCP/HDPE‐UHMWPE nanocomposite as a new bone substitute material was evaluated by using highly purified human osteoblast cells. Human osteoblast cells were isolated from bone tissue and characterized by immunofluorescence Staining before and after purification using magnetic bead system. Moreover, proliferation, alkaline phosphatase production, cell attachment, calcium deposition, gene expression, and morphology of osteoblast cells on β‐TCP/HDPE‐UHMWPE nanocomposites were evaluated. The results have shown that the human osteoblast cells were successfully purified and were suitable for subsequent cell culturing process. The high proliferation rate of osteoblast cells on β‐TCP/HDPE‐UHMWPE nanocomposite confirmed the great biocompatibility of the scaffold. Expression of bone‐specific genes was taken place after the cells were incubated in composite extract solutions. Furthermore, osteoblast cells were able to mineralize the matrix next to composite samples. Scanning electron microscopy demonstrated that cells had normal morphology on the scaffold. Thus, these results indicated that the nanosized β‐TCP/HDPE‐UHMWPE blend composites could be potential scaffold, which is used in bone tissue engineering. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A, 2010.
In vitro and in vivo release of nerve growth factor from biodegradable poly‐lactic‐co‐glycolic‐acid microspheres
Authors: de Boer Ralph , Knight Andrew M. , Spinner Robert J. , Malessy Martijn J. A. , Yaszemski Michael J. , Windebank Anthony J. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractRegeneration of peripheral nerves after injury is suboptimal. We now report the long term delivery of nerve growth factor (NGF) by biodegradable poly‐lactic‐co‐glycolic acid (PLGA) microspheres in vitro and in vivo. Lactic to glycolic acid ratios of 50:50 and 85:15 were fabricated using the double emulsion solvent, evaporation technique. Three different inherent viscosities (0.1 dL g−1: 1A, 0.4 dL g−1: 4A, 0.7 dL g−1: 7A) were analyzed. In vitro, release of NGF for 23 days was measured. Electron microscopy demonstrated intact spheres for at least 7 days (50:50 1A), 14 days (50:50 4A), or 35 days (50:50 7A and 85:15 7A). In vitro release kinetics was characterized by burst release, followed by release of NGF at a rate of 0.6–1.6% a day. Release curves for 50:50 1A and 85:15 7A differed significantly from other compositions (p < 0.01). In vivo, release was characterized by a novel radionuclide tracking assay. Release rates varied from 0.9 to 2.2% per day with linear kinetics. All but the 85:15 type of spheres showed different release profiles in vivo compared to in vitro conditions. On the basis of the surface morphology and release profiles, we found microspheres fabricated from 50:50 4A PLGA to be best suited for the use in a rat sciatic nerve injury model. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A, 2010.
The synthesis and characterization of nanophase hydroxyapatite using a novel dispersant‐aided precipitation method
Authors: Cunniffe Gráinne M. , O'Brien Fergal J. , Partap Sonia , Levingstone Tanya J. , Stanton Kenneth T. , Dickson Glenn R. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThe synthesis of nanophase hydroxyapatite (nHA) is of importance in the field of biomaterials and bone tissue engineering. The bioactive and osteoconductive properties of nHA are of much benefit to a wide range of biomedical applications such as producing bone tissue engineered constructs, coating medical implants, or as a carrier for plasmid DNA in gene delivery. This study aimed to develop a novel low‐temperature dispersant‐aided precipitation reaction to produce nHA particles (<100 nm), which are regarded as being preferable to micron‐sized agglomerates of nHA. The variables investigated and optimized include the reaction pH, the rate of reactant mixing, use of sonication, order of addition, and concentration of the primary reactants, in addition, the effect of using poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) surfactant and Darvan 821A® dispersing agent during the reaction was also examined. It was found that by fine‐tuning the synthesis parameters and incorporating the dispersing agent, monodisperse, phase‐pure nano‐sized particles under 100 nm were attained, suitable for clinical applications in bone regeneration. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A, 2010.
Effects of electrodeposited poly(ethylene glycol) on biofilm adherence to titanium
Authors: Tanaka Yuta , Matin Khairul , Gyo Mariko , Okada Ayako , Tsutsumi Yusuke , Doi Hisashi , Nomura Naoyuki , Tagami Junji , Hanawa Takao 
Published: September 2010

AbstractProtein‐resistant coatings have been studied for inhibiting biofilm formation on implant devices. In this study, titanium (Ti) surfaces were biofunctionalized with poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) by electrodeposition and were evaluated as biofilm substrates under an oral simulated environment. Streptococcus gordonii, an early colonizer of oral biofilms, was inoculated on Ti and PEG‐electrodeposited Ti (PEG‐Ti) surfaces and was analyzed quantitatively and topographically. Streptococcus mutans supplemented with sucrose, a late colonizer mainly found in dental plaque, was also used to form biofilms on the surfaces of Ti and PEG‐Ti for 20 h followed by sonication as a means of detaching the biofilms. The results indicated that the attachment of S. gordonii on PEG‐Ti surfaces was inhibited compared with Ti, and the S. mutans biofilm was easier to be detached from the surface of PEG‐Ti than that of Ti. Moreover, the presence of PEG electrodeposited on Ti surface inhibited salivary protein adsorption. The degree of detachment of biofilms from PEG‐Ti was associated with the inhibition of the salivary protein adsorption, suggesting weak basal attachment of the biofilms to the electrodeposited surfaces. Therefore, controlling protein adsorption at the initial stage of biofilm formation may be an effective strategy to protect metal surfaces from bacterial contamination not only in dental manipulations but also in orthopedic applications. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A, 2010.
Composite scaffolds: Bridging nanofiber and microsphere architectures to improve bioactivity of mechanically competent constructs
Authors: Brown Justin L. , Peach M. Sean , Nair Lakshmi S. , Kumbar Sangamesh G. , Laurencin Cato T. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractTissue engineering often benefits from the use of composites to produce an ideal scaffold. We present the focused development of a novel structure that combines the biomimetic properties of nanofibers with the robust mechanical aspects of the sintered microsphere scaffold to produce a composite scaffold that demonstrates an ability to mimic the mechanical environment of trabecular bone while also promoting the phenotype progression of osteoblast progenitor cells. These composite nanofiber/microsphere scaffolds exhibited a mechanical modulus and compressive strength similar to trabecular bone and exhibited degradation resulting in a mass loss of 30% after 24 weeks. The nanofiber portion of these scaffolds was sufficiently porous to allow cell migration throughout the fibrous portion of the scaffold and promoted phenotype progression through focal adhesion kinase‐mediated activation of the transcription factor Runx2, control scaffolds not containing nanofibers did not demonstrate extensive cell migration or phenotype progression. Ultimately, the focal adhesion kinase activity on the composite nanofiber/microsphere scaffolds demonstrated causality over the production of the mature osteoblast marker, osteocalcin, and the development of a calcified matrix. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A, 2010.
Preparation and characterization of trace elements‐multidoped injectable biomimetic materials for minimally invasive treatment of osteoporotic bone trauma
Authors: Yang Xianyan , Gan Yilai , Gao Xin , Zhao Li , Gao Changyou , Zhang Xinli , Feng Yanbo , Ting Kang , Gou Zhongru 
Published: September 2010

AbstractIt has always been a clinical challenge to use the proper implants or biomaterials to restore function to traumatized bone defects in patients with osteoporosis. In this study, we prepared the alginate–chitosan/trace elements‐multidoped octacalcium phosphate–bioglass (AT–CS/teOCP‐BG) hydrogel composite as an injectable biomaterial and evaluated its physicochemical properties and biological performance. Trace amount of silicon, strontium, and zinc was first doped into the structure of OCP porous microspheres via a wet chemical reaction. The AT–CS complex was mechanically mixed with teOCP and then neutralized by the ionic products of bioglass 58S particles dissolution. Formulations of this novel composite presented in wet state have teOCP‐BG contents ranging from 7.8 to 25.4% and AT–CS content of below 3.2%. The composite retained gel in culture medium at 37°C, and the ratio of storage modulus and loss modulus (G′/G″) exhibited a marked increase with decreasing the amount of BG, signifying a pH‐dependent enhancement of rheological properties and gel stability. After injection into rat femoral bone marrow cavity with minimal tissue invasion, new bone ingrowth was observed from radiologic images in the ovariectomized (OVXed) rats, which was significantly greater than that found in sham‐operated animals within 8 weeks postoperatively. The fast bone regeneration phenomenon was observed in the OVXed rats by radiographic and microcomputerized tomography examination and histological analysis. These findings suggest that the AT–CS/teOCP‐BG system might be used as an injectable biomaterial for minimally invasive treatment of osteoporosis‐related (micro‐)trauma. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A, 2010.