bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Die Regulierung von Krypto-Dienstleistern im EWR – MiCAR ante portas
Authors: Raschauer Nicolas , Kreisl Rene 
Published: February 2025

Zusammenfassung
Die Verordnung über Märkte für Kryptowährungen (MiCAR) zielt darauf ab, die Regulierung digitaler Vermögenswerte, einschließlich Kryptowährungen, in der Europäischen Union (EU) zu regulieren. MiCAR ist Teil eines umfassenderen Verordnungspakets, mit dem ein umfassender Rahmen für das digitale Finanzwesen in der EU geschaffen wurde. MiCAR führt einen harmonisierten Rechtsrahmen für Emittenten und Dienstleister ein, die mit Kryptoassets zu tun haben. Die Verordnung deckt verschiedene Arten von Kryptoassets ab, wie Kryptowährungen, Utility Tokens und Stablecoins. Die Verordnung zielt darauf ab, den Anlegerschutz zu verbessern, die Marktintegrität zu fördern und die Innovation im Bereich der digitalen Vermögenswerte zu unterstützen.
Das folgende Manuskript befasst sich mit den verschiedenen Vorschriften für den Markteintritt von Emittenten und Anbietern von Krypto-Dienstleistern.
Normen: MiCAR, MIV, FM-GwG, TVTG
Deskriptoren: Krypto-Dienstleister, Krypto-Dienstleistung, Token, DLT, Kryptowerte, Zulassung, Bewilligung, Marktzutritt, virtuelle Währung, digitales Asset, E-Geld-Token (EMT), vermögenswertreferenzierte Token (ART), Utility-Token, hybride Token
Akzeptanz psilocybin-assistierter Therapie in den deutschsprachigen Ländern
Authors: Hartter Nina , Däumichen Marvin , Schmidt Christopher , Wolff Max , Gründer Gerhard , Jungaberle Henrik 
Published: February 2025

Zusammenfassung

Hintergrund
Klinische Studien mit Psilocybin in Kombination mit Psychotherapie zeigen vielversprechende Ergebnisse bei der Behandlung verschiedener psychischer Störungen. In der Ärzte- und Psychotherapeutenschaft sowie unter Patient:innen bestehen auch Unwissen, Ablehnung und Vorurteile gegenüber dieser neuen Therapieform. Ziel dieser Studie war es, einen möglichst repräsentativen Eindruck vom Informationsstand und der Einstellung zur Implementation psilocybin-assistierter Therapie (PAT) unter Expert:innen für psychische Gesundheit sowie Patient:innen und der Allgemeinbevölkerung zu erheben.

Methodik
Mittels einer Onlineumfrage wurden Informationen zu Einstellungen und Kenntnisstand von 1456 Teilnehmenden, darunter Ärzt:innen, Psychotherapeut:innen und Patient:innen, erfasst sowie Effekte der experimentellen Gabe von Informationen zu Potenzialen und Risiken getestet. Ergebnisse wurden mittels Varianzanalysen und Regressionsmodellen ermittelt.

Ergebnisse
Regressionsanalysen zeigten, dass ein höherer Kenntnisscore und selbsteingeschätzter Kenntnisstand, eigene Behandlungserfahrung, aber auch eigene Erfahrung mit Psychedelika positivere Einstellungen bezüglich der Einführung von PAT vorhersagten (F[8, 1447] = 154,646, p < 0,001, R2 = 0,39). Die Vermittlung von Informationen über die Potenziale von PAT führte dann zu einer höheren Akzeptanz, wenn diese mit Informationen über deren Risiken kombiniert wurden.

Diskussion
Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass Teilnehmende einer Einführung psilocybin-assistierter Therapie optimistisch gegenüberstehen. Der Zusammenhang zwischen Wissen und Akzeptanz wurde bestätigt. Dass die Vermittlung ausgeglichener Informationen zu höherer Akzeptanz führt, sollte bei der Aufklärung und Berichterstattung über PAT berücksichtigt werden.
Porous plates at incidence
Authors: Bose Chandan , Bruce Callum , Viola Ignazio Maria 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This paper investigates the effect of permeability on two-dimensional rectangular plates at incidences. The flow topology is investigated for Reynolds number (Re) values between 30 and 90, and the forces on the plate are discussed for

$$Re=30$$

R
e
=
30

, where the wake is found to be steady for any value of the Darcy number (Da) and the flow incidence (

$$\alpha $$

α

). At

$$Re=30$$

R
e
=
30

, for a plate normal to the stream and vanishing Da, the wake shows a vortex dipole with a stagnation point on the plate surface. With increasing Da, the separation between the vortex dipole and the plate increases; the vortex dipole shortens and is eventually annihilated at a critical Da. For any value of Da below the critical one, the vortex dipole disappears with decreasing

$$\alpha $$

α

. However, at low Da, the two saddle-node pairs merge at the same

$$\alpha $$

α

, annihilating the dipole; while at high Da, they merge at different

$$\alpha $$

α

, resulting in a single recirculating region for intermediate incidences. The magnitudes of lift, drag, and torque decrease with Da. Nevertheless, there exists a range of Da and

$$\alpha $$

α

, where the magnitude of the plate-wise force component increases with Da, driven by the shear on the plate’s pressure side. Finally, the analysis of the fluid impulse suggests that the lift and drag reduction with Da are associated with the weakening of the leading and trailing edge shear layer, respectively. The present findings will be directly beneficial in understanding the role of permeability on small permeable bodies.
Tafasitamab in refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphoma with neurolymphomatosis
Authors: Mendes João Ricardo Belo Freitas , Couleur Laurine , Manca Chloe , Frossard Valérie , Nabergoj Mitja 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Peripheral nervous system involvement in lymphoproliferative diseases, often due to direct nerve infiltration (neurolymphomatosis, NL), is mostly seen in aggressive B-cell lymphoma. We report the case of an 88-year-old man with stage IVA DLBCL, who achieved the first complete response after six R-miniCHOP21 cycles. One year post-treatment, he developed severe neurological symptoms, and PET-CT revealed widespread relapse with extensive neural involvement. Treatment with tafasitamab and lenalidomide led to a complete morpho-metabolic remission and full neurological recovery, with minimal side effects. This case underscores for the very first time the efficacy and tolerability of this regimen in treating NL, highlighting its potential for frail patients unfit for more intensive therapies.
Socioeconomic disparities in survival of patients with non-muscle invasive urothelial carcinoma
Authors: Baralo Bohdan , Daniels Peter T. , McIntire Cody A. , Thirumaran Rajesh , Melson John W. , Paul Asit K. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Purpose
Limited data are available on the impact of socioeconomic disparities on the survival of patients with non-muscle invasive urothelial carcinoma (NMIBC).

Methods
We analyzed the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database to review the effects of sex, race, location, and socioeconomic factors on the survival of patients with NMIBC. We calculated 5-year overall survival (OS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS) using the log-rank test. The impact of socioeconomic factors on OS and CSS was analyzed using the Cox proportional hazards model adjusted for clinical characteristics. Hazard ratios (HR) and survival rates were reported with 95% confidence intervals (CI).

Results
Analysis of 3831 patients showed that older age was associated with worse OS (HR 1.08 [1.08–1.09]) and CSS (HR 1.05 [1.04–1.06]). Women and men had similar OS (HR 0.91 [0.82–1.01]) and CSS (HR 1.12 [0.95–1.32]). Black patients had worse OS (HR 1.33 [1.08–1.62] and CSS [HR 1.54 [1.13–2.05]) than their White counterparts. Patients with an annual household income below $40,000 had worse outcomes compared to those with income above $70,000 for both OS (HR 1.79 [1.37–2.33]) and CSS (HR 1.924 [1.26–2.89]).

Conclusions
There were no gender differences in survival outcomes of NMIBC. Older age, Black, American Indian/Alaskan Native, and patients with a household income below $40,000 appear to have worse survival. However, the area of residence did not seem to affect patient survival.
Investigating DRD2 and HTR2A polymorphisms in treatment-resistant schizophrenia: a comparative analysis with other treatment-resistant mental disorders and the healthy state
Authors: Del Casale Antonio , Gentile Giovanna , Lardani Simone , Modesti Martina Nicole , Arena Jan Francesco , Zocchi Clarissa , De Luca Ottavia , Parmigiani Giovanna , Angeletti Gloria , Ferracuti Stefano , Preissner Robert , Simmaco Maurizio , Borro Marina , Pompili Maurizio 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This study investigates treatment-resistant schizophrenia (TRS) by analysing genetic markers in dopamine and serotonin receptors. Conducted on a cohort of 221 patients with treatment-resistant mental disorders, the research focused on DRD2 and HTR2A gene variants—specifically, rs1801028, rs6314, rs7997012, and rs6311. The findings suggest specific associations between certain genetic variants and TRS. Notably, the HTR2A rs6314 A|G genotype and rs7997012 G|G genotype were significantly more prevalent in TRS patients compared to healthy controls (HCs). Haplotype analyses revealed associations between specific haplotypes—such as A|G (rs6314-rs7997012)—and TRS, indicating their potential predictive value for TRS versus HCs. The study underscores the involvement of the serotonergic system in TRS. These findings offer valuable insights into the genetic factors contributing to TRS, paving the way for future research and the development of personalised prevention and treatment strategies in psychiatry.
Molecular adsorbent recirculating system (MARS®) and continuous renal replacement therapy for the treatment of paediatric acute liver failure — two-centre retrospective cohort study
Authors: Saxena Romit , Alexander Emma C. , Bontemps Sander , Singla Raman , Verkade Henkjan J. , de Meijer Vincent E. , Kneyber Martin C. J. , Deep Akash 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
To describe outcomes of a cohort of patients with paediatric acute liver failure (PALF) treated with either one of two extracorporeal therapies (ECT) — continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) and molecular adsorbent recirculatory system (MARS®). Retrospective, observational, cohort study at two European paediatric intensive care units (PICUs) — UK (2006–2017, CRRT) and the Netherlands (2003–2017, MARS® and CRRT). Patients were children (0–18 years) admitted to the PICU with PALF who required CRRT or MARS®. Between each group, we compared baseline characteristics, biochemical parameters at 0 and 24 h after commencing MARS®/CRRT, and clinical outcomes. In total, 95 patients (23 MARS®, 72 CRRT) were included. The median age at admission for the whole cohort was 4.3 years (interquartile range (IQR) 1.0–12.1), and 47/95 (49.5%) of patients had an indeterminate aetiology. A lower proportion of patients in the MARS® group were on inotropes or were ventilated at admission, and they had a lower Pediatric Index of Mortality 3 risk % than the CRRT group (14.5% (7.5–22) vs 20.4% (16.8–26.4), p = 0.002). After treatment, there were no significant differences detected between groups in survival with native liver, or overall survival (15/23 (65.2%) for MARS® and 49/72 (68.1%) for CRRT, p = 0.998). Conclusion: We did not detect a significant difference in clinical outcomes between PALF patients treated with CRRT or MARS®, despite a relatively sicker cohort in the CRRT group. Further high-quality evidence is necessary regarding the role of extracorporeal therapies in PALF, with consideration of clinical outcomes, feasibility, and cost.

What is Known:
•
Outcomes for children with paediatric acute liver failure (PALF) have improved in recent years secondary to
improved supportive care aimed at avoiding liver transplantation.
• Extracorporeal therapies, in particular continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT), are increasingly applied in the management of these children; however few studies have compared outcomes between different extracorporeal
therapies.

What is New:
• In this retrospective study across two centres, outcomes between patients with PALF treated with CRRT were compared to patients treated with MARS®.
•
There was no significant difference in key clinical outcomes between groups, including survival with native liver and
overall survival.
Prediction of discharge coefficient of submerged gates using a stacking ensemble model
Authors: Hosny Mohamed , Abdelhaleem Fahmy S. , Elshenhab Ahmed M. , Ibrahim Amir 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Improving the precision of discharge coefficient (Cd) prediction is crucial for effective agricultural water management. However, existing methods for Cd calculation are often complex and dependent on specific assumptions. Therefore, there is a critical need for robust and automated models for Cd estimation. This study introduces a dual-stage ensemble model called EnsembleCNN, for Cd prediction using two distinct gate types under submerged flow conditions. The EnsembleCNN framework uniquely integrates machine learning (ML) models with a recurrent convolutional neural network (CNN) model to capture higher-order interactions and non-linearities. Five base ML models are employed to generate initial predictions. These predictions are subsequently processed by a CNN model embedded with long short-term memory (LSTM) layer, residual connection (RC) and an attention mechanism (ATM). This setup effectively manages the complexity of the combined predictions, seamlessly integrating the outputs from the base models. LSTM is exploited to aggregate the best features for prediction. ATM effectively prioritized high-performing base model outputs, while RC improved the gradient flow, collectively reducing the impact of irrelevant features. The proposed approach strategically weights the contributions of each base model, resulting in accurate Cd estimations. The proposed model achieved root mean square errors of 0.0552 and 0.0173 on vertical sluice gates and radial gates datasets, respectively. Additionally, EnsembleCNN outperformed the base and existing models in terms of prediction accuracy. The proposed system provides a robust tool for optimizing water resource management. Moreover, the adaptability to two field datasets further underscores the practical utility of our model in diverse irrigation scenarios.
N-Doped carbon quantum dot–based ratiometric fluorescent nanosensor platforms for detection of gastric cancer-associated Helicobacter pylori genes
Authors: Öztürk Dilek , Durmuş Mahmut 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Carbon quantum dot (CQD)–based fluorescent nanosensor platforms were developed using gastric cancer-associated Heliobacter pylori (H. pylori) genes. N-doped CQDs were synthesized using two different organic acids (citric acid and malic acid) and ethylenediamine by the microwave method. The photophysical and photochemical properties of the synthesized CQDs were investigated by ultraviolet–visible, fluorescence, and Fourier-transform infrared spectra. The surface of the synthesized N-doped CQDs was conjugated with single-stranded DNA (ssDNA), which is specific for gastric cancer. Ethidium bromide, a selective dye, shows enhanced fluorescence intensity upon intercalating with DNA. In the blue-emissive CQD-ssDNA nanoprobe system, the fluorescence intensity was quenched by ethidium bromide due to Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) processes. When complementary ssDNA was introduced, the ethidium bromide strongly intercalated with the newly formed double-stranded DNA, shifting to a red emission. Using this ratiometric system, the detection method was improved for gastric cancer–associated genes, achieving a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.098 µM, within a concentration range 1.30 to 11.49 µM. Spike and recovery tests were also conducted to evaluate the precision of the presented method in synthetic saliva solutions, with recoveries ranging from 93.06% to 101.85% The performance of the nanosensors was compared using two different synthesized CQDs.

Graphical abstract
Municipal landfill site selection using TOPSIS methodology: A case study for Polatlı, Ankara, Türkiye
Authors: Öner Gökalp , Akgün Haluk , Koçkar Mustafa Kerem , Arslan Kelam Arzu 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Polatlı, which is the largest and tenth out of twenty fifth most populated county of Ankara is well known for being one of the most productive agricultural districts in Türkiye in terms of its barley and wheat production. However, despite that Polatlı has a relatively dense and rapidly growing population, and bears environmental problems, it does not possess a proper municipal solid waste landfill. Since the county currently lacks a proper landfill, the municipal waste is deposited in an improper open dump site that is located to the south of the county. Concerns have been raised due to fire incidents reported and due to scattering of the waste material throughout the neighborhood of the open dump site and to the other parts of the city due to the lack of fencing at the open dump site. Another environmental problem is caused by biogas energy producing companies in the district that dump their processed animal wastes in the farm fields which endangers public health. In addition, extensive illegal waste dumping in the neighborhood of the open dump site exists. The objective of this study is to select the best alternative municipal landfill site location for the Polatlı County, Ankara. To fullfil the disposal needs of the county, landfill site selection has been performed in this study by considering criteria including, air traffic safety, geology, land use, distance to settlement, distance to roads, drainage, slope, erosion, distance to fault and distance to earthquake epicenters. These criteria have been ranked and evaluated in a GIS environment prior to selecting the best alternative landfill site through “The Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS)” method of Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA). The results of the landfill site selection methodology indicated that amongst the three alternative landfill sites, the best locations to construct a landfill were chosen to be those two alternative sites that were situated north northeast (NNE) and north northwest (NNW) of Polatlı, respectively.
The global burden of osteoarthritis knee: a secondary data analysis of a population-based study
Authors: Ren Jia-Le , Yang Junnan , Hu Wan 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Osteoarthritis knee poses a substantial and pervasive global health challenge.

Methods
The data was extracted from the Global Burden of Disease 2021 Study database. First, numbers and age-standardized rates (ASRs) of incidence, prevalence, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) of osteoarthritis knee were assessed globally and by sub-types in 2021. Subsequently, we employed a linear regression model to analyze the temporal trends from 1990 to 2021. To predict the future burden, we utilized the age-period-cohort model and the Bayesian age-period-cohort model. Furthermore, we conducted a sensitivity analysis using the Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average model and the Exponential Smoothing model.

Results
In 2021, osteoarthritis knee accounted for 30.85 million incidence cases, 374.74 million prevalence cases, and 12.02 million DALYs cases globally, with ASRs of 353.67, 4294.27, and 137.59, respectively. Females and individuals over 50 years old were identified as high-risk populations, while higher socio-demographic index regions emerged as high-risk areas. From 1990 to 2021, incidence cases rose from 14.13 million to 30.85 million, prevalence cases from 159.80 million to 374.74 million, and DALYs cases from 5.15 million to 12.02 million, accompanied by increases in their respective ASRs. Projections using the APC model predict a continued increase in incidence, prevalence, and DALYs cases for both genders until 2046. Specifically, male incidence cases are projected to increase to 18.45 million and female incidence to 25.60 million. Similarly, male prevalence cases are projected to rise to 235.41 million and female prevalence to 365.97 million. Male DALYs cases are expected to increase to 7.52 million and female DALYs to 11.55 million. The BAPC models also indicate an upward trend in number of cases.

Conclusion
In conclusion, osteoarthritis knee represents a formidable threat to global public health, necessitating the development of proactive and tailored strategic interventions that account for global-specific contexts.

Key Points• Females and individuals over 50 years old were identified as high-risk populations.• Higher socio-demographic index regions were identified as high-risk areas.• The disease burden attributable to osteoarthritis knee increased from 1990 to 2019.• The number of deaths and DALYs cases would still increase in the next 25 years.
Concentration and homogenization in composites with total flux interface conditions
Authors: Amar M. , Andreucci D. , Timofte C. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The goal of this paper is to obtain, via the periodic unfolding method, the homogenized limit of a stationary diffusion model describing a composite made by a hosting medium containing a periodic array of inclusions of size

$$\varepsilon $$

ε

. The thermal potentials of the two phases are connected through suitable imperfect contact conditions imposed on the interface separating the two materials. Despite the fact that the limit model, obtained as

$$\varepsilon \rightarrow 0$$

ε
→
0

, is governed by a standard Dirichlet problem for an elliptic equation, the construction of the homogenized matrix and of the limit source term deserves a deep investigation. We propose this microscopic model inspired by the result of a concentration procedure performed in a simplified flat geometry, where we have two different bulk materials separated by a thin layer of another material with thickness of the order

$$\eta $$

η

. The thin layer presents an inner interface with imperfect contact conditions of non-local type and we deal with the concentration, as

$$\eta \rightarrow 0$$

η
→
0

, of such a layer. The final interface conditions thus obtained are exactly the interface conditions we impose in the above mentioned microscopic model set in a more general geometry.
A data-efficient active learning architecture for anomaly detection in industrial time series data
Authors: Holtz David , Kaymakci Can , Leuthe Daniel , Wenninger Simon , Sauer Alexander 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Anomaly detection is becoming increasingly important and has found its way into manufacturing applications. The potential is seen in use cases such as maintenance cost reduction, machine fault reduction, or increased overall production based on industrial time series data. However, obstacles arise in practice. Supervised algorithms lack limited and expensive labeled training data, and unsupervised algorithms do not have the capabilities for evaluation and tracking. We propose a data-efficient architecture for anomaly detection using energy consumption time series data to address these limitations. To do so, we design an active learning model that optimizes an unsupervised model by integrating budgeted expert feedback. Our solution builds on an autoencoder to leverage latent space representations for an additional supervised feedforward network trained with expert knowledge labels to distinguish between normal data and anomalies. Four different strategies for querying the still-unlabeled data are compared so that the expert’s resources are used efficiently. We validate our concept in an industrial robotic screwdriving application based on energy data for condition monitoring. Findings for the application tested indicate that anomaly detection performance can be significantly increased by 59% for the F1 score with active learning compared to unsupervised models. Furthermore, models trained only on energy consumption data exhibit the same performance as models trained on difficult-to-obtain mechanical process data, thus confirming the practicality of our proposed approach and data efficiency for the use of easily accessible energy data in manufacturing applications. While our approach enables an active learning model to be added to an existing unsupervised model, it allows for straightforward benchmarking and extension to other manufacturing applications.