bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anti-viral Effects of Pavetta indica Methanolic Extract and Acyclovir
on Behavioral and Biochemical Parameters in Streptozotocin-induced
Alzheimer's Disease in Rats
Authors: Kumar Deepak , Singh Govind , Tarun  , Dhanawat Meenakshi , Gupta Sumeet , Morsy Mohamed A. , B. Nair Anroop , Matouk Asmaa I. 
Published: April 2024

Background:
Alzheimer's disease is a neurological dysfunction of the brain
caused by neurodegeneration and oxidative stress. Some viruses, such as herpes viruses,
HSV-1, and HSV-2, are causative agents of Alzheimer's disease and result in β-amyloid peptide
and tau protein accumulation in the brain. Some antiviral drugs, such as valacyclovir, acyclovir,
and foscarnet, reduce amyloid-beta and P-tau. Pavetta indica leaves are also reported for
their antiviral properties. The current study aimed to find out the significance of using
Pavetta indica methanolic extract and acyclovir against Alzheimer’s disease induced by streptozotocin.

Methods:
Wistar rats received acyclovir and Pavetta indica methanolic extract orally at different
dose ranges (50, 150, 450 mg/kg) and (125, 250, 500 mg/kg), respectively. The standard
therapy, Rivastigmine (2 mg/kg), was given orally.

Results:
Intracerebroventricular-streptozotocin produced significant alternations in behavioral
assessments, including locomotor activity test, Morris water maze test, and elevated
plus maze test. Moreover, intracerebroventricular-streptozotocin ameliorated the antioxidant
defense activity by decreasing levels of catalase, superoxide dismutase, and reduced
glutathione while enhancing the oxidative stress markers, including malondialdehyde, and total
nitrite levels. Finally, the main findings showed that intracerebroventricular-streptozotocin significantly
increased the inflammatory marker, tumor necrosis factor-α, and disturbed neurotransmitter
mediators, including levels of acetylcholinesterase, glutamate, and γ-amino butyric
acid.

Conclusion:
In a dose-dependent manner, acyclovir and Pavetta indica methanolic
extract treatments abrogated the streptozotocin-induced behavioral and neurological abnormalities
in rats. The potential therapeutic effects of PIME and acyclovir administration in
intracerebroventricular-streptozotocin-treated rats may be attributed to its potential
antiviral, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory effects. The current study suggests that Pavetta
indica methanolic extract and acyclovir are promising therapeutic targets against Alzheimer’s
disease.
Assessment of the Knowledge, Attitude, and Perception of Healthcare Providers Regarding Halal Pharmaceuticals
Authors: Jaber Deema , Hasan Hisham E. , Alkaderi Abdulrahman , Alkilani Ahlam Zaid , El-Sharif Abdul-Rahim 
Published: April 2024

Background
The intersection of religious beliefs and medical practices significantly impacts medication usage and patient adherence to treatment regimens. Emerging within this discourse is the concept of halal pharmaceuticals, emphasizing the alignment of therapeutic drugs with religious beliefs. Despite its importance, there is limited awareness among healthcare providers (HCPs) regarding their ingredients, standards, and manufacturing processes, particularly in the Middle East region. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the knowledge, attitudes, and perceptions (KAP) of HCPs concerning Halal pharmaceuticals, which are crucial for addressing the growing concerns among patients and consumers.

Methods
A cross-sectional survey involved diverse HCPs (physicians, pharmacists, and nurses) in Jordan. The survey encompassed demographic data, knowledge about Halal pharmaceuticals, attitudes, and perceptions. Descriptive statistics and inferential analyses were performed to examine the associations between demographic variables and KAP scores.

Results
A total of 381 HCPs participated in the study. While HCPs generally had a high level of knowledge, gaps existed, particularly concerning pharmaceutical composition and Halal alternatives. Attitudes and perceptions were mostly positive or neutral, though variations occurred among professions. Pharmacists exhibited significantly higher knowledge scores compared to physicians and nurses. Information sources included academic institutions, peers, religious and educational books, and online resources. Factors, such as age, marital status, religion, education type, insurance type, working place, and years of experience significantly influenced the KAP scores of participants.

Conclusion
Tailored educational interventions are critical for addressing knowledge gaps, fostering positive attitudes, and ensuring culturally sensitive healthcare related to Halal pharmaceuticals. Leveraging diverse information sources and tailoring education based on demographics can enhance understanding. Improved knowledge, attitudes, and perceptions enable HCPs to meet the needs of diverse patient populations and provide safe, Halal-compliant medications. Additionally, further research into the perspectives and willingness of patients to pay for Halal pharmaceuticals is essential to ensuring equitable access to pharmaceutical care services.
Evolving Strategies in NSCLC Care: Targeted Therapies,
Biomarkers, Predictive Models, and Patient Management
Authors: Pant Janmejay , Mittal Payal , Singh Lovedeep , Marwah Harneet 
Published: April 2024

Abstract:
Lung cancer, primarily Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC), is a global
public health concern responsible for 80-85% of cases, with over two million new cases
occurring annually, and 50% of them in Asia. While there has been a gradual reduction in
United States (US) cases over the last decade, with 238,340 new cases and 127,070
deaths reported in 2023, managing metastatic NSCLC remains crucial, focusing on prolonging
survival and enhancing quality of life. Integration of early palliative care shows
promise in this regard. International guidelines recommend personalized treatment guided
by genetic mutations (Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR), Anaplastic Lymphoma
Kinase, C-Ros oncogene [1ROS1]) and systemic therapies, including chemotherapy,
targeted therapy, and immunotherapy, which play pivotal roles in redefining care. Treatment
effectiveness hinges on factors such as cancer stage, patient health, and therapy
type, with surgery and radiation therapy common in early stages and advanced stages requiring
chemotherapy, targeted therapy, or immunotherapy. Despite advancements in
treatment modalities, NSCLC continues to pose a significant challenge globally, particularly
in Asia, where a substantial portion of new cases arise. While there has been an uncertain
reduction in the incidence of lung cancer in the US over the past decade, the burden
of the disease persists, with substantial mortality rates reported annually.

:
Additionally, upon diagnosis, many NSCLC patients present with distant metastases, necessitating
effective treatment strategies to improve overall survival and quality of life.
The objectives include investigating targeted treatments for NSCLC with specific genetic
mutations, examining mechanisms of novel therapies under study, evaluating preclinical
and clinical studies for therapy efficacy and safety, identifying genetic and epigenetic biomarkers
for diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment selection, developing predictive models
for lung cancer recurrence and survival, assessing the efficacy of treatment approaches
for early-stage lung cancer, and enhancing patient outcomes through collaborative care
and lifestyle interventions. These collective efforts promise to improve patient outcomes
and quality of life in the battle against NSCLC.
Graphene-Based Hydrogels for Controlled Drug Delivery: Opportunities and Challenges
Authors: Dhankhar Sanchit , Garg Nitika , Chauhan Samrat , Prakash Chander , Saini Monika 
Published: April 2024

Abstract:
Graphene is a remarkable substance that has revolutionized numerous disciplines, including
electronics, materials science, condensed physics, quantum physics, energy systems, and
many more. Its physical and chemical properties have been the subject of a great deal of research
since its 2004 discovery. Because of its unique properties, it has swiftly become a contender worth
investigating for biomedical uses by nano-bio researchers.
Studies on graphene and related materials have attracted a great deal of interest from the biomedical
community in the last decade, with a focus on their potential applications in cancer treatment,
smart drug delivery, and gene therapy. Graphene oxide (GO) has many desirable properties, including
a high adsorption capacity, a big surface area, biocompatibility, and colloidal stability.
To get around the problems with traditional treatment methods, researchers have been working on
new drug delivery systems that include biocompatible polymers as nanocomposite carriers, a three-
-dimensional (3D) hydrogel network, and controlled medication release.
In this review, we compiled the latest findings from graphene's biomedical uses, took a look at the
latest innovations in graphene-based hydrogels for medication delivery, and offered some exciting
predictions for the future of this material's function in this field.
Impact of Vaccination Status on Chest CT Findings and Disease Outcomes in COVID-19 Era: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Abdulqader Shaymaa Khalid , Ali Sally Sarmad Mohammed , Fadhil Abeer Abdulkareem , Akram Nabeeha Najatee , Hassan Wassan Nori Mohammed 
Published: April 2024

Background:
Computerized Tomography (CT) was extensively used in the COVID-19
era to confirm the diagnosis and follow the patient's response. The vaccine was rapidly introduced to
break the disease chain of infection. The current study primarily aimed to examine the relationship
between vaccination status and pulmonary CT findings. Moreover, it also aimed to validate the role
of CT scan along with other patient criteria in predicting disease outcomes.

Methods:
A retrospective cohort study was conducted at the radiology department of two Iraqi hospitals in Baghdad. The study enrolled all hospitalized patients with a confirmed COVID-19 diagnosis
older than 18 years old. Their data regarding demographic criteria, vaccination criteria (the status and
types), and radiological CT-scan parameters (including CT finding and severity score index) were
collected

Results:
It was found that 23 percent of COVID-19 patients were immunized. Most of the unvaccinated cases were older than 45 years and were females. There was a significant correlation between
the degree and severity of lung involvement and the vaccination status (p < 0.001). The worst radiological sign for severity was the ground glass appearance. The vaccine type showed significant
changes in chest CT. Pfizer had the worst severity score, followed by Sinopharm in vaccinated cases.
The overall mortality was 4.5%. Moreover, the vaccine significantly reduced mortality among vaccinated vs. non-vaccinated cases (p = 0.03). By logistic regression, the CT score reliably predicted
mortality with an odds ratio of 1.31 (1.18 to 1.45; p < 0.001).

Conclusion:
Vaccines were found to be significantly effective in protecting vaccinated people
against severe infection and limiting lung injury, as evidenced by CT scores. Vaccines had a trend
effect on reducing mortality. Moreover, CT scores were reliable in predicting the disease outcome.
Utility of Blood Biomarkers to Predict Marrow Iron Stores in Children
Authors: Sharma Shilpa , Pereira Renata C. , Nemeth Elizabeta , Hanudel Mark R. , Ix Joachim H. , Salusky Isidro B. , Ganz Tomas 
Published: April 2024

Key Points

Serum ferritin was the strongest independent correlate of greater marrow iron stores in children with kidney failure supported by dialysis.Compared with current clinical guideline-based cutoffs for iron deficiency, ferritin outperforms these cut points for stainable marrow iron stores.

Background
Iron deficiency is common in children with kidney failure, but current guidelines are based on biomarkers of iron stores that may be influenced by inflammation. This is the first study that examined which serum iron indices were associated with stainable marrow iron stores (the gold standard) in this population with kidney failure who underwent bone biopsies.

Methods
This cross-sectional study enrolled 71 clinically stable children and young adults receiving dialysis who underwent bone biopsy for CKD-mineral bone disorder between 2007 and 2011. Bone biopsies were stained with Perls Prussian blue and independently interpreted by a pathologist blinded to participants' iron parameters and clinical status. Marrow staining was scored absent versus present to facilitate receiver operator curve (ROC) analysis. In ROC analysis, the ability of serum ferritin to detect stainable marrow iron stores was compared with that of transferrin saturation (TSAT), serum hepcidin, and clinical guideline-based iron deficiency cutoffs for serum iron, TSAT, and their combinations.

Results
The mean age was 17.2±4.4 years (range 2–28), and 30% of patients were female. Median dialysis vintage was 1.2 (interquartile range, 0.7–2.0) years, and 56% were supported by peritoneal dialysis. Mean hemoglobin was 12.4±1.7 g/dl, and 35% were receiving iron supplementation at the time of biopsy. On the basis of the gold standard of depleted marrow iron stores, 46.5% of patients were iron deficient. As an indicator of marrow iron staining, serum ferritin provided a larger area under the ROC curve than serum hepcidin, TSAT, or clinical guideline-based evaluation of TSAT+ferritin.

Conclusions
In this cohort of children and young adults with kidney failure, serum ferritin provided the best indication of stainable marrow iron stores, followed by TSAT.

Podcast
This article contains a podcast at https://www.asn-online.org/media/podcast/CJASN/2024_08_01_CJASNJuly197812024.mp3
Identification of volatile organic compound of oil palm plants infected with Ganoderma sp.
Authors: Kresnawaty Irma , Sri Mulyatni Agustin , Eris Deden Dewantara , Panji Tri , Widiastuti Happy , Triyana Kuwat 
Published: April 2024

The success of controlling basal stem rot (BSR) disease caused by Ganoderma sp. is mostly determined by the early detection of the fungi. Hence, when the signs of infection begin to appear, plants are generally difficult to rescue since the pathogen infection has spread widely to all parts of the plant. Therefore, early detection through the application of biosensors for Ganoderma sp. infection is absolutely necessary. This study aim was to identify biomarker compounds of Ganoderma sp. infection in oil palm plants with GC-MS for volatile compounds, and LC-MS for non-volatile compounds. The results showed that Ganoderma sp. mycelium produced pyrimidinamine compounds. Meanwhile in early infected nursery plants, were found benzo[h]quinoline, hexaoxa-7,9,11-trisilaheptad, tris-(trimethyl-silyl ester and methyl-tris(trimethyl-siloxy)-silane). Whereas in Bekri, Rejosari, and Adolina plantation, the compound methyl-tris(trimethyl-siloxy)-silane was also found in healthy mature plants. GC-MS test results showed that for early, moderate and severe plants produced several benzene derivative compounds such as ethylbenzene, xylene, and benzaldehyde. These compounds were assumed to be resulted from the breakdown of the lignin structure which build plant cell walls, and have potency to be used as marker compounds for early infected Ganoderma sp. detection. The result of the produced gas quantification concluded that in the produced oil palm plants released less CO2 compared to healthy plants. On the other hand, the NH3 produced was higher than the healthy plants. Meanwhile, two non-volatile compounds were found that they were only produced by infected trunk and root tissue, namely pseudobrucine and picrasidine.
Bullying on Social Media: Primitive Behavior Against Prophetic Marchals From A Hadith Ahkam Perspective
Authors: Ahmad La Ode Ismail , Ali Muhammad , Mirwan Mirwan , Sakka Abdul Rahman , Mosiba Risna 
Published: April 2024

This article aims to outline some prophetic instructions regarding social interaction to avoid bullying behavior. This study uses a normative qualitative method, namely analyzing hadiths related to bullying with an ahkam hadith perspective. This study concludes that bullying behavior from the perspective of hadith is: 1) The Hadith narrated by Ibn Majah generally explains how the Prophet's Hadith views bullying as leading to degrading behavior. This is obtained from the word ihtiqarwhich has a correlation in meaning with the orientation of bullying behavior itself, namely degrading. Then a complete reading of the hadith narrated by Imam Muslim adds an explanation of indications of bullying behavior such as envy, hatred, belittling and tyrannizing other people. These attitudes are the seeds of hostility and division between people; 2) The basic idea of Ibn Majah's hadith number 3203 is the value of humanism, namely the effort to maintain a humane attitude towards fellow humans in any situation and condition. In the previous comprehensive thematic study, it was also sufficient to contribute to the conclusion of the basic idea of the hadith studied, namely explaining the consequences for perpetrators of bullying both verbally and physically. This spirit is in line with the spirit of humanism which condemns all kinds of acts of harassment or degrading towards fellow human beings. Therefore, in the perspective of ahkam hadith there is a need for preventive measures in order to prevent or overcome this act of bullying; 3) The preventive measures offered by this hadith are: a) providing spiritual awareness of the importance of preventing bullying early, b) supporting cooperation and breaking the cycle of conflict, c) eliminating inferiority for victims of bullying and honing assertive skills.
Glycemic Control, Cognitive Aging, and Impairment Among Diverse Hispanic/Latino Individuals: Study of Latinos– Investigation of Neurocognitive Aging (Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos)
Authors: González Hector M. , Tarraf Wassim , Stickel Ariana M. , Morlett Alejandra , González Kevin A. , Ramos Alberto R. , Rundek Tatjana , Gallo Linda C. , Talavera Gregory A. , Daviglus Martha L. , Lipton Richard B. , Isasi Carmen , Lamar Melissa , Zeng Donglin , DeCarli Charles 
Published: April 2024

OBJECTIVE
Hispanic/Latino individuals in the U.S. have the highest prevalence of undiagnosed and untreated diabetes and are at increased risk for cognitive impairment. In this study, we examine glycemic control in relation to cognitive aging and impairment in a large prospective cohort of middle-aged and older Hispanic/Latino individuals of diverse heritages.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
Study of Latinos–Investigation of Neurocognitive Aging (SOL-INCA) is a Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL) ancillary study. HCHS/SOL is a multisite (Bronx, NY; Chicago, IL; Miami, FL; and San Diego, CA), probability sampled prospective cohort study. SOL-INCA enrolled 6,377 diverse Hispanic/Latino individuals aged 50 years and older (2016–2018). The primary outcomes were cognitive function, 7-year cognitive decline, and mild cognitive impairment (MCI). The primary glycemia exposure variables were measured from fasting blood samples collected at HCHS/SOL visit 1 (2008–2011).

RESULTS
Visit 1 mean age was 56.5 years ± 8.2 SD, and the average glycosylated hemoglobin A1C (HbA1c) was 6.12% (43.5 ± 14.6 mmol/mol). After covariate adjustment, higher HbA1c was associated with accelerated 7-year global (b = −0.045; 95% CI −0.070; −0.021; in z score units) and executive cognitive decline and a higher prevalence of MCI (odds ratio 1.20; 95% CI 1.11; 1.29).

CONCLUSIONS
Elevated HbA1c levels were associated with 7-year executive cognitive decline and increased MCI risk among diverse middle-aged and older Hispanic/Latino individuals. Our findings indicate that poor glycemic control in midlife may pose significant risks for cognitive decline and MCI later in life among Hispanic/Latino individuals of diverse heritages.
ChatGPT Analysis of Strengths and Weaknesses in English Writing and Their Implications
Authors: Li Zheng , Huang Qiuheng , Liu Jiying 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The emergence of the ChatGPT language model has sparked significant interest in educational circles, thanks to its capabilities in generating text, understanding context, and engaging in logical reasoning and conversation. This study explores the impact of ChatGPT on English writing, integrating statistical language models and TF-IDF word frequency analysis to develop a method for identifying and scoring deviations in English essays. Our findings demonstrate the model’s high accuracy in detecting digressions across three categories (88%, 73.33%, and 60%), and its scoring closely aligns with human assessments, with a mean error of just 5.17 and a Pearson correlation coefficient of 0.8024. This evidence supports the model’s reliability and significant potential for application in English writing evaluation.
Quality Innovation Cultivation Strategy for College Students in the Internet Era Oriented on the Cultivation of Innovative Ability
Authors: Zhou Changsheng , Li Chunmei 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Addressing the imperative of cultivating innovation and learning quality in 21st-century college education, this research proposes a strategic CTDE model to enhance college students’ innovative capacities. By implementing a personalized information mining technique, we have established a sophisticated user profile model that strategically distributes learning resources geared towards innovation. The methodology integrates factor analysis with K-means clustering for a customized learning experience. A targeted survey reveals notable achievements: a standout innovation ability score of 3.92 for an individual student and a class-wide enhancement, with improvements ranging from 14% to 21% after detailed work evaluations. These findings affirm the CTDE model’s efficacy in fostering student innovation and quality learning.
Abnormal User Behavior Detection for Industry Big Data Analysis
Authors: Wang Zhe , Hu Junhua 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The security of user information and the precision of user services are paramount, necessitating effective detection of abnormal user behavior in vast datasets. This study introduces the QGAN-BDE algorithm, which leverages a quantum generative adversarial network combined with a novel approach for detecting and evaluating abnormal user behavior. Through a feature matching strategy, the algorithm ensures close data alignment between the generator and discriminator. At the same time, the integration of a classical convolutional neural network within the BDE network assesses user behavior abnormalities. Setting distinct thresholds for abnormal behavior and threats enables the differentiation between normal and abnormal activities. Utilizing a dataset and financial stock log data for simulation, the proposed method achieves an AUC value of approximately 0.912 with small negative data samples. Additionally, it records generator and discriminator loss values within the ranges of [1.05,1.55] and [0.49,0.61], respectively, and demonstrates over 80% accuracy in detecting financial stock log anomalies. This method’s reliance on comprehensive big data allows for an in-depth analysis of user behavior, facilitating the timely identification and management of abnormalities.