bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cranial bone thickness and density anomalies quantified from CT images can identify chronic increased intracranial pressure
Authors: Liu Jiawei , Chaij Jasmine , Linguraru Marius George , French Brooke , Keating Robert , Alexander Allyson L. , Porras Antonio R. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Purpose
The diagnosis of chronic increased intracranial pressure (IIP)is often based on subjective evaluation or clinical metrics with low predictive value. We aimed to quantify cranial bone changes associated with pediatric IIP using CT images and to identify patients at risk.

Methods
We retrospectively quantified local cranial bone thickness and mineral density from the CT images of children with chronic IIP and compared their statistical differences to normative children without IIP adjusting for age, sex and image resolution. Subsequently, we developed a classifier to identify IIP based on these measurements. Finally, we demonstrated our methods to explore signs of IIP in patients with non-syndromic sagittal craniosynostosis (NSSC).

Results
We quantified a significant decrease of bone density in 48 patients with IIP compared to 1,018 normative subjects (P < .001), but no differences in bone thickness (P = .56 and P = .89 for age groups 0–2 and 2–10 years, respectively). Our classifier demonstrated 83.33% (95% CI: 69.24%, 92.03%) sensitivity and 87.13% (95% CI: 84.88%, 89.10%) specificity in identifying patients with IIP. Compared to normative subjects, 242 patients with NSSC presented significantly lower cranial bone density (P < .001), but no differences were found compared to patients with IIP (P = .57). Of patients with NSSC, 36.78% (95% CI: 30.76%, 43.22%) presented signs of IIP.

Conclusion
Cranial bone changes associated with pediatric IIP can be quantified from CT images to support earlier diagnoses of IIP, and to study the presence of IIP secondary to cranial pathology such as non-syndromic sagittal craniosynostosis.
Emerging and anticipated innovations in prostate cancer MRI and their impact on patient care
Authors: Correia Eduardo Thadeu de Oliveira , Baydoun Atallah , Li Qiubai , Costa Daniel N. , Bittencourt Leonardo Kayat 
Published: June 2024

AbstractProstate cancer (PCa) remains the leading malignancy affecting men, with over 3 million men living with the disease in the US, and an estimated 288,000 new cases and almost 35,000 deaths in 2023 in the United States alone. Over the last few decades, imaging has been a cornerstone in PCa care, with a crucial role in the detection, staging, and assessment of PCa recurrence or by guiding diagnostic or therapeutic interventions. To improve diagnostic accuracy and outcomes in PCa care, remarkable advancements have been made to different imaging modalities in recent years. This paper focuses on reviewing the main innovations in the field of PCa magnetic resonance imaging, including MRI protocols, MRI-guided procedural interventions, artificial intelligence algorithms and positron emission tomography, which may impact PCa care in the future.
Impact of gestational diabetes mellitus on neonatal outcomes in small for gestational age infants: a multicenter retrospective study
Authors: Hirsch Ayala , Peled Tzuria , Schlesinger Shaked , Sela Hen Y. , Grisaru-Granovsky Sorina , Rottenstreich Misgav 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Objective
To evaluate obstetric and perinatal outcomes among small for gestational age (SGA) infants born to patients diagnosed with Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).

Materials and methods
A multicenter retrospective cohort study between 2005 and 2021. The perinatal outcomes of SGA infants born to patients with singleton pregnancy and GDM were compared to SGA infants born to patients without GDM. The primary outcome was a composite adverse neonatal outcome. Infants with known structural/genetic abnormalities or infections were excluded. A univariate analysis was conducted followed by a multivariate analysis (adjusted odds ratio [95% confidence interval]).

Results
During the study period, 11,662 patients with SGA infants met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Of these, 417 (3.6%) SGA infants were born to patients with GDM, while 11,245 (96.4%) were born to patients without GDM. Overall, the composite adverse neonatal outcome was worse in the GDM group (53.7% vs 17.4%, p < 0.01). Specifically, adverse neonatal outcomes such as a 5 min Apgar score < 7, meconium aspiration, seizures, and hypoglycemia were independently associated with GDM among SGA infants. In addition, patients with GDM and SGA infants had higher rates of overall and spontaneous preterm birth, unplanned cesarean, and postpartum hemorrhage. In a multivariate logistic regression assessing the association between GDM and neonatal outcomes, GDM was found to be independently associated with the composite adverse neonatal outcome (aOR 4.26 [3.43–5.3]), 5 min Apgar score < 7 (aOR 2 [1.16–3.47]), meconium aspiration (aOR 4.62 [1.76–12.13]), seizures (aOR 2.85 [1.51–5.37]) and hypoglycemia (aOR 16.16 [12.79–20.41]).

Conclusions
Our study demonstrates that GDM is an independent risk factor for adverse neonatal outcomes among SGA infants. This finding underscores the imperative for tailored monitoring and management strategies in those pregnancies.
CDKL5 deficiency-related neurodevelopmental disorders: a multi-center cohort study in Italy
Authors: Dell’Isola Giovanni Battista , Fattorusso Antonella , Pisani Francesco , Mastrangelo Mario , Cordelli Duccio Maria , Pavone Piero , Parisi Pasquale , Ferretti Alessandro , Operto Francesca Felicia , Elia Maurizio , Carotenuto Marco , Pruna Dario , Matricardi Sara , Spezia Elisabetta , Spalice Alberto , Scorrano Giovanna , Savasta Salvatore , Prontera Paolo , Di Cara Giuseppe , Fruttini Daniela , Salpietro Vincenzo , Striano Pasquale , Verrotti Alberto 
Published: June 2024

AbstractCDKL5 deficiency disorder (CDD) is a complex clinical condition resulting from non-functional or absent CDKL5 protein, a serine–threonine kinase pivotal for neural maturation and synaptogenesis. The disorder manifests primarily as developmental epileptic encephalopathy, with associated neurological phenotypes, such as hypotonia, movement disorders, visual impairment, and gastrointestinal issues. Its prevalence is estimated at 1 in 40,000–60,000 live births, and it is more prevalent in females due to the lethality of germline mutations in males during fetal development. This Italian multi-center observational study focused on 34 patients with CDKL5-related epileptic encephalopathy, aiming to enhance the understanding of the clinical and molecular aspects of CDD. The study, conducted across 14 pediatric neurology tertiary care centers in Italy, covered various aspects, including phenotypic presentations, seizure types, EEG patterns, treatments, neuroimaging findings, severity of psychomotor delay, and variant-phenotype correlations. The results highlighted the heterogeneity of seizure patterns, with hypermotor-tonic-spasms sequence seizures (HTSS) noted in 17.6% of patients. The study revealed a lack of clear genotype–phenotype correlation within the cohort. The presence of HTSS or HTSS-like at onset resulted a negative prognostic factor for the presence of daily seizures at long-term follow-up in CDD patients. Despite extensive polypharmacotherapy, including medications such as valproic acid, clobazam, cannabidiol, and others, sustained seizure freedom proved elusive, affirming the inherent drug-resistant nature of CDD. The findings underscored the need for further research to explore response rates to different treatments and the potential role of non-pharmacological interventions in managing this challenging disorder.
Can we encourage the endoscopic treatment for external snapping hip (ESH)? A systematic review of current concepts
Authors: Giai Via Riccardo , Elzeiny Ahmed , Pantè Salvatore , De Vivo Simone , Massè Alessandro , Giachino Matteo 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
Snapping hip syndrome (SHS) is characterized by snapping sensation and pain and affects up to 10% of the general population. External snapping hip syndrome (ESHS), the most common form, is often due to repetitive movements in sports or anatomical predispositions. Conservative treatment includes physiotherapy and corticosteroid injections, while surgery is considered if conservative measures fail. Open surgical techniques carry several risks, while modern arthroscopic techniques offer less invasive options, such as endoscopic iliotibial band release (ITB) and gluteus maximus tenotomy.

Materials and methods
A systematic review was conducted adhering to the PRISMA guidelines. Relevant studies were searched in four databases: Pubmed, Scopus, Embase, and Medline. The selected articles were evaluated according to the criteria of levels of evidence. The Risk of Bias In Non-randomized Studies of Interventions (ROBINS-I) was used to analyze the retrospective studies. This paper was registered in the International Prospective Registry of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO).

Results
Out of 9 included studies, 403 patients with 689 hips underwent endoscopic treatment. ITB release and his variations were the main surgical techniques. Gluteus maximus tenotomy was also used in some studies. Postoperative rehabilitation protocols varied. Patients generally experienced significant improvements in symptoms and functional outcomes, with low rates of recurrence (1.02%) and revision (0.15%). Complications were minimal.

Conclusions
Endoscopic treatment of ESH shows favorable results, improving functional outcomes and returning patients to pre-injury activity levels. Long-term efficacy and costeffectiveness need to be evaluated, emphasizing the importance of large-scale prospective randomized trials to clarify surgery's benefits in refractory ESH cases.
Duality in optimal consumption–investment problems with alternative data
Authors: Chen Kexin , Wong Hoi Ying 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis study investigates an optimal consumption–investment problem in which the unobserved stock trend is modulated by a hidden Markov chain that represents different economic regimes. In the classic approach, the hidden state is estimated using historical asset prices, but recent technological advances now enable investors to consider alternative data in their decision-making. These data, such as social media commentary, expert opinions, COVID-19 pandemic data and GPS data, come from sources other than standard market data sources but are useful for predicting stock trends. We develop a novel duality theory for this problem and consider a jump-diffusion process for alternative data series. This theory helps investors identify “useful” alternative data for dynamic decision-making by providing conditions for the filter equation that enable the use of a control approach based on the dynamic programming principle. We apply our theory to provide a unique smooth solution for an agent with constant relative risk aversion once the distributions of the signals generated from alternative data satisfy a bounded likelihood ratio condition. In doing so, we obtain an explicit consumption–investment strategy that takes advantage of different types of alternative data that have not been addressed in the literature.
Computed tomography for evaluation of abdominal wall hernias—what is the value of the Valsalva maneuver?
Authors: Ghafoor S. , Hoppe A. T. , Lange M. , Tognella A. , Bueter M. , Lehmann K. , Alkadhi H. , Stocker D. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Purpose
To investigate the differences in the visibility and size of abdominal wall hernias in computed tomography (CT) with and without Valsalva maneuver.

Methods
This single-center retrospective study included consecutive patients who underwent abdominal CTs with Valsalva maneuver between January 2018 and January 2022. Inclusion criteria was availability of an additional non-Valsalva CT within 6 months. A combined reference standard including clinical and surgical findings was used. Two independent, blinded radiologists measured the hernia sac size and rated hernia visibility on CTs with and without Valsalva. Differences were tested with a Wilcoxon signed rank test and McNemar’s test.

Results
The final population included 95 patients (16 women; mean age 46 ± 11.6 years) with 205 hernias. Median hernia sac size on Valsalva CT was 31 mm compared with 24 mm on non-Valsalva CT (p < 0.001). In 73 and 82% of cases, the hernias were better visible on CT with Valsalva as compared to that without. 14 and 17% of hernias were only visible on the Valsalva CT. Hernia visibility on non-Valsalva CT varied according to subtype, with only 0 and 3% of umbilical hernias not being visible compared with 43% of femoral hernias.

Conclusions
Abdominal wall hernias are larger and better visible on Valsalva CT compared with non-Valsalva CT in a significant proportion of patients and some hernias are only visible on the Valsalva CT. Therefore, this method should be preferred for the evaluation of abdominal wall hernias.
Evaluation of pathogenicity of WT1 intron variants by in vitro splicing analysis
Authors: Inoue Seiya , Kondo Atsushi , Inoki Yuta , Ichikawa Yuta , Tanaka Yu , Ueda Chika , Kitakado Hideaki , Suzuki Ryota , Okada Eri , Sakakibara Nana , Horinouchi Tomoko , Nozu Kandai 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
Wilms tumor 1 (WT1; NM_024426) causes Denys–Drash syndrome, Frasier syndrome, or isolated focal segmental glomerulosclerosis. Several WT1 intron variants are pathogenic; however, the pathogenicity of some variants remains undefined. Whether a candidate variant detected in a patient is pathogenic is very important for determining the therapeutic options for the patient.

Methods
In this study, we evaluated the pathogenicity of WT1 gene intron variants with undetermined pathogenicity by comparing their splicing patterns with those of the wild-type using an in vitro splicing assay using minigenes. The three variants registered as likely disease-causing genes: Mut1 (c.1017-9 T > C(IVS5)), Mut2 (c.1355-28C > T(IVS8)), Mut3 (c.1447 + 1G > C(IVS9)), were included as subjects along the 34 splicing variants registered in the Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD)®.

Results
The results showed no significant differences in splicing patterns between Mut1 or Mut2 and the wild-type; however, significant differences were observed in Mut3.

Conclusion
We concluded that Mut1 and Mut2 do not possess pathogenicity although they were registered as likely pathogenic, whereas Mut3 exhibits pathogenicity. Our results suggest that the pathogenicity of intronic variants detected in patients should be carefully evaluated.
Selecting the Best Radiology Workflow Efficiency Applications
Authors: Bharadwaj Prateek , Berger Michael , Blumer Steven L. , Lobig Franziska 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIn the rapidly evolving digital radiology landscape, a surge in solutions has emerged including more than 500 artificial intelligence applications that have received 510 k clearance by the FDA. Moreover, there is an extensive number of non-regulated applications, specifically designed to enhance workflow efficiency within radiology departments. These efficiency applications offer tremendous opportunities to resolve operational pain points and improve efficiency for radiology practices worldwide. However, selecting the most effective workflow efficiency applications presents a major challenge due to the multitude of available solutions and unclear evaluation criteria. In this article, we share our perspective on how to structure the broad field of workflow efficiency applications and how to objectively assess individual solutions. Along the different stages of the radiology workflow, we highlight 31 key operational pain points that radiology practices face and match them with features of workflow efficiency apps aiming to address them. A framework to guide practices in assessing and curating workflow efficiency applications is introduced, addressing key dimensions, including a solution’s pain point coverage, efficiency claim strength, evidence and credibility, ease of integration, and usability. We apply this framework in a large-scale analysis of workflow efficiency applications in the market, differentiating comprehensive workflow efficiency ecosystems seeking to address a multitude of pain points through a unified solution from workflow efficiency niche apps following a targeted approach to address individual pain points. Furthermore, we propose an approach to quantify the financial benefits generated by different types of applications that can be leveraged for return-on-investment calculations.
Changing university students’ alcohol use with a web-based intervention: evidence from a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Andrade Stefan Bastholm , Greve Jane , Lesner Rune Vammen 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Aim
This study evaluated the impact of a web-based nudging intervention aimed at reducing alcohol consumption among Danish university bachelor and master students.

Methods
To evaluate the impact of the intervention, we conducted a clustered randomized controlled experiment among 961 university students. The intervention combined a survey on self-affirmation to reduce defensive progression with information on key beliefs about binge drinking and tools to avoid excessive drinking. We measured the impact of the intervention on outcomes using the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test scale capturing key aspects of youth drinking.

Results
Compared to the students in the control group, the students in the intervention group had a 20% reduction on number of episodes per month with alcohol intake. We find no effect on binge drinking or measures of harmful alcohol consumption.

Conclusions
Our study shows that it is possible to change young people’s alcohol consumption through a relatively cost-effective web-based intervention based on the theory of planned behavior.

Clinical trial registration
The trial was registered at the American Economic Association’s registry for randomized trials with RCT ID: AEARCTR-0004703. https://www.socialscienceregistry.org/trials/4703
Association of religiosity and spirituality with survival among older adults: a systematic review
Authors: Buja Alessandra , Grotto Giulia , Vo Daniele 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Aim
In a world where the aging population and prevalence of chronic degenerative diseases and life-threatening conditions have been increasing, identifying factors that can improve the living conditions of these populations is of paramount importance. The aim of the present research was to conduct a systematic literature review to investigate the impact of religion and spirituality on longevity.

Subject and methods
Studies published in English that assessed the association between religiosity or spirituality and survival were identified by searching electronic databases (PubMed, PsycINFO, and CINAHL) and were independently reviewed by two authors.

Results
A total of 13 prospective cohort studies were included in this review, including seven that found a negative association between religiosity and mortality and six that showed mixed results.

Conclusion
Most studies highlighted the reduction in the risk of mortality, particularly among subjects who engaged in religious activities with an active social component. The linkage between religiosity and longevity might be mediated by the social support of the religious community, better health behavior, and mental health. However, most studies found a reduction in all-cause mortality even after adjusting for these mediating factors, indicating that other important mechanisms might have been involved.
The REMAR (Rhein-Main-Registry) real-world study: prospective evaluation of the 21-gene breast recurrence score® assay in addition to Ki-67 for adjuvant treatment decisions in early-stage breast cancer
Authors: Jackisch Christian , Anastasiadou Louiza , Aulmann Sebastian , Argyriadis Athanasios , Möbus Volker , Solbach Christine , Baier Peter , Giesecke Dagmar , Ackermann Sven , Schulmeyer Elke , Gabriel Boris , Mosch Dietrich , Buchen Stephanie , Krapfl Eckart , Hurst Ursula , Vescia Mario , Tesch Hans , Thill Marc 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Ki-67 is recommended by international/national guidelines for risk stratification in early breast cancer (EBC), particularly for defining “intermediate risk,” despite inter-laboratory/inter-observer variability and cutoff uncertainty. We investigated Ki-67 (> 10%– < 40%, determined locally) as a prognostic marker for intermediate/high risk in EBC, pN0-1 patients.

Methods
This prospective, non-interventional, real-world study included females ≥ 18 years, with pN0/pN1mi/pN1, HR+ , HER2-negative EBC, and locally determined Ki-67 ranging 10%–40%. The primary outcome was changes in treatment recommendations after disclosing the Oncotype DX Breast Recurrence Score®(RS) assay result.

Results
The analysis included 567 patients (median age, 57 [range, 29–83] years; 70%/1%/29%/ with pN0/pN1mi/pN1 disease; 81% and 19% with RS results 0–25 and 26–100, respectively). The correlations between local and central Ki-67, local Ki-67, and the RS, and central Ki-67 and the RS results were weak (r = 0.35, r = 0.3, and r = 0.46, respectively), and discrepancies were noted in both directions (e.g., local Ki-67 was lower or higher than central Ki-67). After disclosing the RS, treatment recommendations changed for 190 patients (34%). Changes were observed in pN0 and pN1mi/pN1 patients and in patients with centrally determined Ki-67 ≤ 10% and > 10%. Treatment changes were aligned with RS results (adding chemotherapy for patients with higher RS results, omitting it for lower RS results), and their net result was 8% reduction in adjuvant chemotherapy use (from 32% pre-RS results to 24% post-RS results).

Conclusion
The Oncotype DX® assay is a tool for individualizing treatments that adds to classic treatment decision factors. The RS result and Ki-67 are not interchangeable, and Ki-67, as well as nodal status, should not be used as gatekeepers for testing eligibility, to avoid under and overtreatment.
S-cone contribution to oscillatory potentials in patients with blue cone monochromacy
Authors: Righetti Giulia , Kempf Melanie , Kohl Susanne , Wissinger Bernd , Kühlewein Laura , Stingl Katarina , Stingl Krunoslav 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Purpose
The aim of this exploratory study is to investigate the role of S-cones in oscillatory potentials (OPs) generation by individuals with blue-cone monochromacy (BCM), retaining S-cones, and achromatopsia (ACHM), lacking cone functions.

Methods
This retrospective study analyzed data from 39 ACHM patients, 20 BCM patients, and 26 controls. Central foveal thickness was obtained using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography, while amplitude and implicit time (IT) of a- and b-waves were extracted from the ISCEV Standard dark-adapted 3 cd.s.m−2 full-field ERG (ffERG). Time–frequency analysis of the same measurement enabled the extraction of OPs, providing insights into the dynamic characteristics of the recorded signal.

Results
Both ACHM and BCM groups showed a significant reduction (p < .00001) of a- and b-wave amplitudes and ITs as well as the power of the OPs compared to the control groups. The comparison between ACHM and BCM didn’t show any statistically significant differences in the electrophysiological parameters. The analysis of covariance revealed significantly reduced central foveal thickness in the BCM group compared to ACHM and controls (p < .00001), and in ACHM compared to controls (p < .00001), after age correction and Tukey post-hoc analysis.

Conclusions
S-cones do not significantly influence OPs, and the decline in OPs' power is not solely due to a reduced a-wave. This suggests a complex non-linear network influenced by photoreceptor inputs. Morphological changes don’t correlate directly with functional alterations, prompting further exploration of OPs’ function and physiological role.