bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
2 Jahre ambulanter Kurzzeit-Entzug von Heroin: Beobachtungen zum outcome
Authors: Elsner Heinrich 
Published: September 2010

Fragestellung: Die Methadonambulanz der Krisenhilfe e. V. Bochum führt seit dem Frühjahr 2006 als Regelversorgung einen ambulanten Kurzzeitentzug bei Heroinabhängigkeit durch. Der ambulante Kurzzeitentzug ist indiziert bei einem (monovalenten) Heroinkonsum, jedoch nicht bei einer Polytoxikomanie/ Mehrfachabhängigkeit. </p><p> Methodik, Erfahrungen, Schlussfolgerungen: In den ersten zwei Jahren (Stand 29.02.08) wurden 52 Patienten* behandelt, 39 Männer und 13 Frauen. Im Rahmen einer klinischen Anwendungsbeobachtung wurden retrospektiv die Daten zum outcome vom ambulanten Kurzzeitentzug der 52 Patienten erhoben: Ca. 36 % der Männer schlossen die Behandlung mit einer Abstinenzzeit von über einer Woche ab, während dies ca. 46 % der Frauen gelang. Der Aufsatz weist auch auf weitere Einsatzgebiete der Methode hin, z. B. auf den ambulanten Tilidin-Entzug. </p><blockquote> *Aus Gründen der leichteren Lesbarkeit wird im folgenden Text auf eine geschlechtsspezifische Differenzierung, wie z. B. PatientInnen, verzichtet. Entsprechende Begriffe gelten im Sinne der Gleichbehandlung für beide Geschlechter. </blockquote><p>
Factors associated with age of untreated recovery from alcohol dependence
Authors: Bischof Gallus , Rumpf Hans-Jürgen , Meyer Christian , Hapke Ulfert , John Ulrich 
Published: September 2010

Einflussfaktoren von Ausstiegsprozessen ohne formelle Hilfen bei Alkoholabhängigkeit in Abhängigkeit vom Remissionsalter Fragestellung: Weisen ohne formelle Hilfe remittierte Alkoholabhängige in Abhängigkeit vom Remissionsalter ein unterschiedliches Bedingungsgefüge von Ausstiegsprozessen auf? </p><p> Methode: 178 durch Presseaufrufe rekrutierte ohne formelle Hilfe remittierte Alkoholabhängige wurden nach ihrem Alter zum Zeitpunkt der Remission unterschieden in Junge Remittierer (YR, n=55) und Späte Remittierer (LR, n=123) hinsichtlich auslösender und aufrechterhaltender Faktoren der Remission miteinander verglichen. </p><p> Ergebnisse: YR wiesen gegenüber LR eine kürzere Abhängigkeitsdauer und eine längere Abstinenzdauer, eine höhere Problemschwere, geringere Ressourcen, sowie ausgeprägtere Coping-Anstrengungen auf. </p><p> Schlussfolgerungen: Ohne formelle Hilfe remittierte Alkoholabhängige unterscheiden sich in Abhängigkeit vom Alter zum Remissionszeitpunkt hinsichtlich auslösender und aufrechterhaltender Bedingungen der Remission.
In situ growth of a PEG-like polymer from the C terminus of an intein fusion protein improves pharmacokinetics and tumor accumulation
Authors: Gao Weiping , Liu Wenge , Christensen Trine , Zalutsky Michael R. , Chilkoti Ashutosh 
Published: September 2010

This paper reports a general in situ method to grow a polymer conjugate solely from the C terminus of a recombinant protein. GFP was fused at its C terminus with an intein; cleavage of the intein provided a unique thioester moiety at the C terminus of GFP that was used to install an atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) initiator. Subsequent in situ ATRP of oligo(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate (OEGMA) yielded a site-specific (C-terminal) and stoichiometric conjugate with high yield and good retention of protein activity. A GFP-C-poly(OEGMA) conjugate (hydrodynamic radius (
R
h
): 21 nm) showed a 15-fold increase in its blood exposure compared to the protein (
R
h
: 3.0 nm) after intravenous administration to mice. This conjugate also showed a 50-fold increase in tumor accumulation, 24 h after intravenous administration to tumor-bearing mice, compared to the unmodified protein. This approach for in situ C-terminal polymer modification of a recombinant protein is applicable to a large subset of recombinant protein and peptide drugs and provides a general methodology for improvement of their pharmacological profiles.
Preferential use of protein domain pairs as interaction mediators: order and transitivity
Authors: Itzhaki Zohar , Akiva Eyal , Margalit Hanah 
Published: August 2010

Abstract
Motivation: Many protein–protein interactions (PPIs) are mediated by protein domains. The structural data of multi-domain PPIs reveal the domain pair (or pairs) that mediate a PPI, and implicitly also the domain pairs that are not involved in the interaction. By analyzing such data, preference relations between domain pairs as interaction mediators may be revealed.
Results: Here, we analyze the differential use of domain pairs as mediators of stable interactions based on structurally solved multi-domain protein complexes. Our analysis revealed domain pairs that are preferentially used as interaction mediators and domain pairs that rarely or never mediate interaction, independent of the proteins' context. Between these extremes, there are domain pairs that mediate protein interaction in some protein contexts, while in other contexts different domain pairs predominate over them. By describing the preference relations between domain pairs as a network, we uncovered partial order and transitivity in these relations, which we further exploited for predicting interaction-mediating domains. The preferred domain pairs and the ones over which they predominate differ in several properties, but these differences cannot yet determine explicitly what underlies the differential use of domain pairs as interaction mediators. One property that stood up was the over-abundance of homotypic interactions among the preferred domain pairs, supporting previous suggestions on the advantages in the use of domain self-interaction for mediating protein interactions. Finally, we show a possible association between the preferred domain pairs and the function of the complex where they reside.
Contact: hanahm@ekmd.huji.ac.il
Supplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
XMSF: Structure-preserving noise reduction and pre-segmentation in microscope tomography
Authors: Bilbao-Castro J. R. , Sorzano C. O. S. , García I. , Fernández J. J. 
Published: August 2010

Abstract
Summary: Interpretation of electron tomograms is difficult due to the high noise levels. Thus, denoising techniques are needed to improve the signal-to-noise ratio. XMSF (Microscopy Mean Shift Filtering) is a fast, user-friendly application that succeeds in filtering noise while preserving the structures of interest. It is based on the extension to 3D of a method widely applied in other image processing fields under very different scenarios. XMSF has been tested for a variety of tomograms, showing a great potential to become a state-of-the-art filtering program in electron tomography. Applied iteratively, the algorithm yields pre-segmented volumes facilitating posterior segmentation tasks. Moreover, execution times remain low thanks to parallel computing techniques to exploit current multicore computers.
Availability: http://sites.google.com/site/xmsfilter/
Contact: jrbcast@ace.ual.es
Spatial and Temporal Distribution of Iris yellow spot virus and Thrips in Colorado Onion Fields
Authors: Schwartz Howard F. , Gent David H. , Fichtner Scott M. , Khosla Rajiv , Mahaffey Linda A. , Camper Matthew A. , Cranshaw Whitney S. 
Published: August 2010

Iris yellow spot virus and its onion thrips vector (Thrips tabaci) are yield limiting pests of onion in the western United States. This two-year project investigated the relationship of iris yellow spot to thrips populations, soil properties, and grower management practices in six onion fields during 2005 and 2006 in Colorado. Thrips density (average number of thrips per plant per day) was negatively associated with soil pH (r = -0.61). The incidence of iris yellow spot at harvest was positively associated with organic matter, zinc, potassium, percent sodium, percent hydrogen, copper, iron, and soil pH. Thrips-days had a clear non-linear association with disease incidence at harvest. Onion plant population was positively associated with levels of iron, phosphorus, potassium, and zinc; and negatively associated with calcium, salts, percent potassium, and cation exchange capacity (CEC). Marketable (medium or larger sized bulbs) yield was negatively associated with phosphorus and percent potassium, and positively associated with salts, calcium, and CEC. Results from this project could contribute to the development of a risk index to predict potential risk from Iris yellow spot virus and its onion thrips vector. Accepted for publication 6 July 2010. Published 20 August 2010.
Potassium Phosphite Mixed with Other Fungicides Reduces Yield Loss to Downy Mildew on Collard
Authors: Keinath Anthony P. 
Published: August 2010

Downy mildew of collard occurs frequently in the southeastern United States, and fungicides have become an essential part of economical control strategies for the disease. Fungicides were evaluated in 2007 and 2008 either alone or combined with a reduced rate (2 pt/acre) of potassium phosphite. Two formulations of potassium phosphite also were tested alone at the full rate (4 pt/acre). Presidio, Presidio plus Pro-Phyt (2007) or K-Phite (2008), K-Phite, Amistar plus ProPhyt, and Aliette reduced downy mildew severity at the final rating and also reduced AUDPC over the two years. Presidio plus potassium phosphite and Amistar plus ProPhyt increased the weight of healthy leaves and stems over the water control and also increased economic return calculated after fungicide and other production costs were subtracted from the crop value. The yields with Ranman, Sonata, and Presidio applied in combination with potassium phosphite were 16% greater than with the fungicides applied alone. Potassium phosphite may be useful in a tank-mix with other fungicides applied to collard to prevent yield loss to downy mildew. Accepted for publication 7 July 2010. Published 23 August 2010.
Occurrences of Soybean Viruses, Fungal Diseases, and Pests in Illinois Soybean Rust Sentinel Plots
Authors: Hobbs Houston A. , Herman Theresa K. , Slaminko Tara L. , Wang Yi , Nguyen Binh T. , McCoppin Nancy K. , Domier Leslie L. , Hartman Glen L. 
Published: August 2010

After soybean rust was confirmed in soybean in the USA, sentinel plots were established in 26 states to monitor its spread. Funding for establishing, sampling, and monitoring the plots came from the USDA, national, regional, and state soybean commodity boards, and state departments of agriculture, extension services, and universities. The presence of sentinel plots for soybean rust monitoring provided the potential for reducing the time and expense of extensive statewide travel for collection of soybean leaf samples for monitoring the incidence of other foliar diseases of soybean in Illinois. Accepted for publication 27 July 2010. Published 27 August 2010.
Fungicide Resistance Management Guidelines for the Control of Tomato Diseases in the Mid-Atlantic and Northeast Regions of the United States
Authors: Wyenandt Christian A. , Rideout Steven L. , Gugino Beth K. , McGrath Margaret T. , Everts Kathryne L. , Mulrooney Robert P. 
Published: August 2010

Foliar diseases and fruit rots occur routinely on tomato, an important crop grown throughout the Mid-Atlantic and Northeast regions of the United States where it is produced for both fresh-market and processing. To enable these tomato growers to more effectively manage economically important diseases, a fungicide resistance management table has been developed which promotes the importance of understanding FRAC (Fungicide Resistance Action Committee) codes and provides an integrated pest management tool for tomato growers which will allow them to develop season-long disease control programs with an emphasis on fungicide resistance management. Accepted for publication 19 July 2010. Published 27 August 2010.
Survey of Fusarium spp. Associated with Fruit Rot of Pumpkin in Ohio
Authors: Wyenandt Christian A. , Riedel Richard M. , Rhodes Landon H. , Bennett Mark A. , Nameth Steven G. P. 
Published: August 2010

From 2000 to 2002 commercial pumpkin (Cucurbita pepo) fields in Ohio were surveyed for Fusarium fruit rot. From six counties in 2000, 2001, and 2002, a total of 43 isolates from eight farms, 84 isolates from nine farms, and 40 isolates from six farms were collected, respectively. Fusarium solani f. sp. cucurbitae race 1 was the most commonly isolated Fusarium species from infected pumpkin fruit in Ohio. Other Fusaria isolated from infected fruit included F. oxysporum, F. graminearum, and F. acuminatum. A survey of infected pumpkin fruit in the field and inoculation studies of mature, healthy pumpkin cultivar Magic Lantern in the laboratory resulted in three types of fruit rot symptoms. Type 1, caused by F. oxysporum and F. acuminatum, resulted in a slow-expanding rot just below the rind surface of the infected fruit. Type 2, caused by F. graminearum, resulted in an expanding, slightly sunken, irregular rot of the rind surface. Type 3, caused by F. solani resulted in expanding, circular sunken lesions on the fruit surface bearing white to tan sporodochia. This is the first report of F. solani f. sp. cucurbitae race 1, F. oxysporum, F. acuminatum, and F. graminearum causing fruit rot of pumpkin in Ohio. Accepted for publication 26 July 2010. Published 27 August 2010.
Effectiveness of a mood management component as an adjunct to a telephone counselling smoking cessation intervention for smokers with a past major depression: a pragmatic randomized controlled trial
Authors: Van Der Meer Regina M. , Willemsen Marc C. , Smit Filip , Cuijpers Pim , Schippers Gerard M. 
Published: August 2010

ABSTRACTAims  To assess whether the addition of a mood management component to telephone counselling produces higher abstinence rates in smokers with past major depression and helps to prevent recurrence of depressive symptoms.Design  Pragmatic randomized controlled trial with two conditions, with follow‐up at 6 and 12 months. The control intervention consisted of eight sessions of proactive telephone counselling. The mood management intervention was an integration of the control intervention with a mood management component. This component consisted of a self‐help mood management manual, two more preparatory proactive telephone counselling sessions and supplementary homework assignments and advice.Setting  Dutch national smoking cessation quitline.Participants  A total of 485 daily smokers with past major depression, according to the DSM‐IV.Measurements  The primary outcome measure was prolonged abstinence and secondary outcome measures were 7‐day point prevalence abstinence and depressive symptoms.Findings  The mood management intervention resulted in significantly higher prolonged abstinence rates at 6‐ and 12‐month follow‐up (30.5% and 23.9% in experimental condition, 22.3% and 14.0% in the control condition). The odds ratios were 1.60 (95% CI 1.06–2.42) and 1.96 (95% CI 1.22–3.14) for both follow‐ups. The mood management intervention did not seem to prevent recurrence of depressive symptoms.Conclusions  Adding a mood management component to telephone counselling for smoking cessation in smokers with a past major depression increases cessation rates without necessarily reducing depressive symptoms.
Prevalence of the metabolic syndrome in men and women with alcohol dependence: results from a cross‐sectional study during behavioural treatment in a controlled environment
Authors: Kahl Kai G. , Greggersen Wiebke , Schweiger Ulrich , Cordes Joachim , Correll Christoph U. , Ristow Jessica , Burow Juliane , Findel Corinna , Stoll Anne , Balijepalli Chakrapani , Göres Laura , Lösch Christian , Hillemacher Thomas , Bleich Stefan , Moebus Susanne 
Published: August 2010

ABSTRACTAims  Prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in men and women who use alcohol has been inconsistent in the literature. The aim of this study is to compare the prevalence of MetS in patients with a diagnosis of alcohol dependence who are currently abstinent in a controlled environment, and in control subjects followed in primary care from a similar region in Northern Germany.Design  Cross‐sectional study.Setting  In‐patient cognitive behavioural therapy.Participants  One hundred and ninety‐seven men and women with alcohol dependence during behavioural treatment in a controlled environment were compared to 1158 subjects from primary care from a similar region in northern Germany.Measurements  We used the American Heart Association/National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute (AHA/NHBLI) criteria to determine the rate of MetS and each single criterion of MetS in both groups.Findings  The prevalence of MetS was almost twice as high in men and women with alcohol dependence compared to control subjects (30.6% versus 17.0%). With respect to the single criteria, elevations were found for fasting glucose and blood pressure in both genders and for triglycerides in women only. High density lipoprotein (HDL)‐cholesterol was higher in men and women with alcohol dependence.Conclusions  Our results demonstrate an increased rate of MetS, increased blood pressure and dysregulation of glucose and lipid metabolism in alcohol‐dependent patients. Whether high HDL‐cholesterol has cardioprotective effects in this context remain doubtful.
A comparison of four international surveys of tobacco dependence treatment provision: implications for monitoring the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control
Authors: Bitton Asaf , Raw Martin , Richards Ann , McNeill Ann , Rigotti Nancy A. 
Published: August 2010

ABSTRACTAims  Article 14 of the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC) requires countries to implement systems to provide tobacco dependence treatment. We report on global efforts to monitor the implementation of Article 14, and compare the surveys used in this effort.Design  Cross‐sectional comparison of agreement (concordance and discordance) among the four main surveys used to monitor tobacco dependence treatment provision.Setting  Four global surveys of tobacco treatment provision.Participants  The four surveys were Raw et al. (2009), the Framework Convention Alliance (FCA) Monitor, World Health Organization (WHO) MPOWER survey and the FCTC Party Reports.Measurements  Concordance as measured by percentage providing the same answers, as well as kappa statistic of inter‐rater agreement.Findings  The four surveys used to monitor Article 14 implementation vary widely in countries sampled, questions asked, respondent characteristics and survey design. The four surveys generally show a moderate to high concordance (kappa > 0.60) with each other across most survey pairs and most domains, except for the MPOWER and FCTC Party governmental surveys (63% overall concordance, kappa = 0.26). This concordance was lower than any other survey pair examined. Government respondents to the WHO MPOWER and FCTC Party Report surveys provided answers to the same question domains with relatively poorer concordance than those from surveys of non‐governmental or mixed governmental/non‐governmental sources.Conclusions  Current surveys of tobacco dependence treatment provision are in general agreement with each other except for the two official government surveys that rely on governmental respondents. We believe that this points to the continued need for independent non‐governmental monitoring of FCTC protocol implementation.
Addiction Research Centres and the Nurturing of Creativity The Norwegian Centre for Addiction Research (SERAF)
Authors: Bramness Jørgen G. , Clausen Thomas , Duckert Fanny , Ravndal Edle , Waal Helge 
Published: August 2010

ABSTRACTThe Norwegian Centre for Addiction Research (SERAF) at the University of Oslo is a newly established, clinical addiction research centre. It is located at the Oslo University Hospital and has a major focus on opioid dependency, investigating Norwegian opioid maintenance treatment (OMT), with special interest in OMT during pregnancy, mortality, morbidity and criminality before, during and after OMT and alternatives to OMT, such as the use of naltrexone implants. The well‐developed health registries of Norway are core assets that also allow the opportunity for other types of substance abuse research. This research includes health services, abuse of prescription drugs and drugs of abuse in connection with traffic. The centre also focuses upon comorbidity, investigating the usefulness and limitations of psychometric instruments, drug abuse in different psychiatric treatment settings and internet‐based interventions for hazardous alcohol consumption.
The microenvironment differentially impairs passive and active immunotherapy in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia – CXCR4 antagonists as potential adjuvants for monoclonal antibodies
Authors: Buchner Maike , Brantner Philipp , Stickel Natalie , Prinz Gabriele , Burger Meike , Bär Constance , Dierks Christine , Pfeifer Dietmar , Ott Ariane , Mertelsmann Roland , Gribben John G. , Veelken Hendrik , Zirlik Katja 
Published: August 2010

SummaryDirect contact with stromal cells protects chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) B cells from chemotherapy‐induced apoptosis in vitro. Blockade of CXCR4 signalling antagonizes stroma‐mediated interactions and restores CLL chemosensitivity. In vivo, administration of CXCR4 antagonists effectively mobilizes haematopoietic progenitor cells. Therefore, combinations of CXCR4 blockade and cytoreductive treatment with selective activity on CLL cells may avoid potential haematotoxicity. Hence, we tested CXCR4 antagonists in the context of passive and active immunotherapeutic approaches. We evaluated how efficiently rituximab, alemtuzumab and cytotoxic T cells killed CLL cells cocultured with stromal cells in the presence and absence of a CXCR4 antagonist. Stromal cell contact attenuated rituximab‐ and alemtuzumab‐induced complement‐dependent cytotoxicity of CLL cells. Addition of CXCR4 antagonists abrogated the protective effect of stroma. In contrast, stromal cells did not impair antibody‐dependent cell‐mediated cytotoxicity and cytotoxicity induced by activated T cells. Destruction of microtubules in CLL target cells restored the protective effect of stroma coculture for CLL cells during Natural Killer cell attack by preventing mitochondrial relocalization towards the immunological synapse. Our data identify the combination of CXCR4 antagonists with passive ‐ but not active ‐ immunotherapy as a promising potential treatment concept in CLL.
Primary central nervous system lymphoma in the elderly: a multicentre retrospective analysis
Authors: Schuurmans Mascha , Bromberg Jacoline E. C. , Doorduijn Jeanette , Poortmans Philip , Taphoorn Martin J. B. , Seute Tatjana , Enting Roelien , Van Imhoff Gustaaf , Van Norden Yvette , Van Den Bent Martin J. 
Published: August 2010

SummaryElderly patients with primary central nervous ystem lymphoma (PCNSL) do not tolerate treatment with combined radio‐chemotherapy well because of leuco‐encephalopathy; they are usually treated initially with chemotherapy or radiotherapy alone. Little is known about the efficacy and toxicity of these treatments outside clinical studies. This study was a retrospective analysis of all patients aged 60 years or over who were admitted with PCNSL to one of five Dutch centers between 1998 and 2007. A total of 74 patients were identified. Twenty‐nine were treated with radiotherapy only (Group A), in 36 the intended treatment was chemotherapy alone (Group B), and nine were planned to receive chemotherapy followed by radiotherapy (Group C). Median overall survival was 20 months; 4 months in patients with a Karnofsky performance status (KPS) <70, 25 months in patients with a KPS ≥ 70 (P < 0·001). Treatment modality was not an independent prognostic factor. Forty patients were treated with methotrexate 3 g/m2: there were two toxic deaths. Ten patients discontinued chemotherapy because of toxicity. Delayed encephalopathy was reported in 10 patients. In conclusion, community hospitals still frequently utilize whole brain radiotherapy in elderly PCNSL patients, though a majority tolerates chemotherapy well. Performance status was the most important variable determining prognosis. Short and long term toxicities must be weighed against possible clinical benefits of each treatment, making treatment decisions a highly individualized process.