bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Preliminary Investigation of the Differences in Immune Responses in Different Strains of Mice with Localized Allergic Rhinitis Tolerance Models
Authors: Zhang Qidi , Zhu Wanting , Zou Zhixin , Yu PHD. Wenting , Gao PHD. Pei , Long Ziyi , Wang Ying , Chen Jianjun 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background：
BALB/c and C57BL/6 are two common mice strains for the study of allergic rhinitis (AR). We previously found that both mice differed in symptoms and immune phenotypes in the local allergy models.This study aimed to systematically compare the immune differences between the two mice in a local tolerance model and explore the underlying mechanisms.
Methods:
We used ovalbumin (OVA) as a topical nasal drop for 15 weeks in BALB/c and C57BL/6 mice. Allergic symptoms were recorded. Serum-specific OVA antibodies (IgE, IgG1, IgG2a) and cytokines (IL-4, IL-10, and IFN-γ) in the spleen cell culture supernatants were tested. The expression of eosinophils, goblet cells, TGF-β, IL-10, eotaxin, and RNA-seq on the nasal mucosa was examined.
Results:
Nasal symptoms of BALB/c worsened first and then relieved, whereas C57BL/6 showed continuously worsened symptoms. The serum antibodies levels in BALB/c increased over time. IgE and IgG1 levels in C57BL/6 showed a trend similar to that of BALB/c, while IgG2a levels did not increase throughout the course. IL-4 first increased and then decreased, while IL-10 remained increased in BALB/c, whereasC57BL/6 showed no significant changes. In BALB/c, the expression of eosinophils and eotaxin in the nasal mucosa increased to a certain extent and remained unchanged, whereas TGF-β and IL-10 expression was upregulated. In C57BL/6, the expression of eosinophils and eotaxin was higher than that in BALB/c at the 15th week. The RNA-sequencing results showed that gene expression in BALB/c was upregulated in biological processes, the tolerance and negative regulatory pathway at the 15th week. Gene expression in C57BL/6 is upregulated in cell synthesis- and secretion-related pathways.
Conclusion:
Local tolerance and systemic sensitisation was successfully induced in BALB/c by long-term stimulation with OVA. However, local tolerance could not be induced in C57BL/6 . The normal function of T regulatory cells is key to local tolerance.
Characterizing gut fauna of American cockroach: Presence of Lophomonas striata and Iodamoeba bütschlii
Authors: Paul Sneha , Sardar Shatavisa , Ghosh Jayati 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background and objectives Cockroach gut houses mostly anaerobic microbial communities. Most of these eukaryotes live as endocommensal rather as pathogenic entity. The morphological diversity of the eukaryotic microorganisms present in the intestinal tract of American cockroach, Periplanata americana were investigated.
Methods Cockroach host were dissected in 0.67% saline and temporary iodine wet mount were prepared. Microrganisms were stained permanently with Delafield and Heidenhain haematoxylin. Feulgen methods were used to study nuclear organization and PAS method was performed to observe mucopolysaccharide utilization and localization. Prevalence of all microscopic specimens was also noted.
Results The study revealed the assemblage of complex eukaryotic fauna showing unique morphological peculiarities. Two oxyurid helminth genuses namely Hammerschmidtiella and Thelastoma were isolated with 44% and 68% prevalence respectively. Among the protozoans the highest prevalence was shown by Nyctotherus ovalis (91.2%). Feulgen reaction revealed that in most of the specimen micronucleus was embedded over the macronucleus of N. ovalis. PAS positive granules were mostly located in the anterior one third region of the cell. A new species of Nyctotheruswas also described (Nyctotherus membralis) showing characteristic membrane fold. Iodamoeba bütschlii (Prowazek, 1912) was isolated and reported for the first time from Kolkata, West Bengal, India. Another human pathogen reported to cause lung infection, Lophomonas striata was also detected with a prevalence of 9%. A moderate number of Endamoeba blattae (41%) and Gregarine blattarum (18%) isolated from hind gut and mid gut respectively.
Conclusions Iodamoeba bütschlii was detected for the first time from Kolkata, West Bengal, India. The isolation of Lophomonas striata, the potential pathogen of human lungs from cockroach gut constitutes a major health risk. Discovery of new species of the ciliate Nyctotherus from cockroach hind intestine also stimulates interest on its contribution towards the host physiology.
Ruxolitinib-loaded poly-ɛ-caprolactone (PCL) nanoparticles inhibit the JAK2/STAT5 signaling via downregulating Bcl-2 and Mcl-1 on BT474 breast cancer cells
Authors: CELIK Esin GUVENIR , EROGLU Onur 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background: To regulate proliferation, JAK/STAT signaling is important. Reducing proliferation and inducing cell death with gene-specific inhibitors such as Ruxolitinib, an RTK inhibitor targeting JAK1/2, are therapeutic approaches. The use of nanoparticles can reduce the toxic and side effects of drugs, as they act directly on cancer cells, and can selectively increase drug accumulation in tumor cells. PCL is a polymer that is frequently used in drug development. This study aimed to increase the effectiveness of Ruxolitinib in BT474 cells by synthesizing Rux-PCL-NPs and to understand the effect of JAK/STAT and apoptotic cell death in cells.
Methods and Results: Rux-PCL-NPs synthesized by nanoprecipitation. Moreover, Rux-PCL-NPs have a spherical and mean particle size of 219 - 88.6 nm, and a zeta potency of 0.471 - 0.453 mV. In vitro cytotoxicity and anti-proliferative effects were determined by MTT and Soft Agar Colony Formation assay, respectively. The effects of Ruxolitinib, PCL-NPs, and Rux-PCL-NPs on apoptosis and JAK/STAT pathways in cells were examined by western blot assay. PCL-NPs didn’t have a toxic effect on the cells. IC50 values of Ruxolitinib decreased 50-fold with the nanoform of Ruxolitinib. By inhibiting the JAK/STAT pathway by reducing JAK2 and STAT5 expression, Rux-PCL-NPs promote cell death.
Conclusions: Our results revealed the roles of Ruxolitinib, increased drug efficiency with Rux-PCL-NPs, on regulating apoptosis and JAK2/STAT5 pathways. Rux-PCL-NPs can be used to increase the drug efficacy of Ruxolitinib.
Association Between Symptoms of Depression and Generalised Anxiety Disorder evaluated through PHQ-9 and GAD-7 and anti-obesity treatment in Polish Adult Women
Authors: Witaszek Tomasz , Kłoda Karolina , Mastalerz-Migas Agnieszka , Babicki Mateusz 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Purpose
Obesity impacts mental health greatly. Psychological factors may influence the effectiveness of its treatment. This study aimed to compare symptoms of generalised anxiety disorder and depression among adult women across different weight categories. We examined the associations between PHQ-9 and GAD-7 questionnaire scores, the use of anti-obesity medications, and former bariatric surgery. We hypothesised that higher BMI would correlate with higher questionnaires’ scores, and that anti-obesity medication usage and bariatric surgery status would impact them.
Methods
The sample consisted of 1,105 adult women. The Computer-Assisted Web Interview (CAWI) utilising the 7-item Generalised Anxiety Disorders Scale (GAD-7) and the 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) was used.
Results
Both GAD-7 and PHQ-9 scores correlated positively with BMI (r = 0.121, p < 0.001 and r = 0.173, p < 0.001, respectively), and negatively with age (r=-0.106, p < 0.001 and r=-0.103, p < 0.001, respectively). Patients undergoing treatment with semaglutide scored lower for both anxiety symptoms (8.71 ± 6.16, p = 0.013) and depression symptoms (9.76 ± 6.37, p = 0.013). Women who underwent bariatric surgery screened less frequently for anxiety (8.03 ± 6.27, p = 0.002) but not for depression.
Conclusion
An interdisciplinary approach involving mental health professionals within the therapeutic team can comprehensively address factors contributing to obesity development and treatment outcomes. More investigation of semaglutide's use is needed, due to the promising evidence suggesting a positive effect on decreasing the severity of depression and anxiety symptoms, to assess the direct or indirect character of this influence. The link between bariatric surgery and mental health status requires more research.
Multi-Features and Multi-Deep Learning Networks to identify, prevent and control pests in tremendous farm fields combining IoT and pests sound analysis
Authors: Ali Md. Akkas , Sharma Anupam Kumar , Dhanaraj Rajesh Kumar 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

The agriculture sectors, which account for approximately 50% of the worldwide economic production, are the fundamental cornerstone of each nation. The significance of precision agriculture cannot be understated in assessing crop conditions and identifying suitable treatments in response to diverse pest infestations. The conventional method of pest identification exhibits instability and yields subpar levels of forecast accuracy. Nevertheless, the monitoring techniques frequently exhibit invasiveness, require significant time and resources, and are susceptible to various biases. Numerous insect species can emit distinct sounds, which can be readily identified and recorded with minimal expense or exertion. Applying deep learning techniques enables the automated detection and classification of insect sounds derived from field recordings, hence facilitating the monitoring of biodiversity and the assessment of species distribution ranges. The current research introduces an innovative method for identifying and detecting pests through IoT-based computerized modules that employ an integrated deep-learning methodology using the dataset comprising audio recordings of insect sounds. This included techniques, the DTCDWT method, Blackman-Nuttall window, Savitzky-Golay filter, FFT, DFT, STFT, MFCC, BFCC, LFCC, acoustic detectors, and PID sensors. The proposed research integrated the MF-MDLNet to train, test, and validate data. 9,600 pest auditory sounds were examined to identify their unique characteristics and numerical properties. The recommended system designed and implemented the ultrasound generator, with a programmable frequency and control panel for preventing and controlling pests and a solar-charging system for supplying power to connected devices in the networks spanning large farming areas. The suggested approach attains an accuracy (99.82%), a sensitivity (99.94%), a specificity (99.86%), a recall (99.94%), an F1 score (99.89%), and a precision (99.96%). The findings of this study demonstrate a significant enhancement compared to previous scholarly investigations, including VGG 16, VOLOv5s, TSCNNA, YOLOv3, TrunkNet, DenseNet, and DCNN.
Research on intelligent semi-active control algorithms and seismic reliability based on machine learning
Authors: Xiao Zhongyuan , Xu Jianguo , Wang Li , Huang Liang 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Aiming to address the shortcomings of existing semi-active control algorithms with poor robustness and the limited generalization ability of current evaluation methods based on deterministic analysis, a novel approach based on probability density evolution is proposed. This method is designed to assess the seismic reliability, enabling a more comprehensive evaluation of the control effectiveness of aqueduct structures. Building upon this, an intelligent semi-active control algorithm leveraging machine learning is introduced. The algorithm is further validated through engineering case studies to investigate semi-active control strategies in response to random seismic events. The results show that the seismic reliability of the machine learning-based semi-active control algorithm is significantly higher than that of the uncontrolled state for the same failure threshold under random seismic effects.
Streamlining Data Transfer: Unlocking the Potential of 8-to-1 Photonic Crystal Fiber Multiplexing for Enhanced Connectivity
Authors: Harrat Assia Ahlem. , Debbal Mohammed. , Ouadah Mohammed Chamse Eddine 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

The ability to transmit data at a high transmission rate is one of the main challenges that has limited the performance of visible light networking systems. In this paper, we present an eight-core photonic crystal fiber designed for multiplexing (MUX) operations at wavelengths of 1.32, 1.3, 1.54, 1.19, 1.4, 0.98, 1.35, and 1.1 µm to overcome this issue. Various MUX parameters, such as transmission rate and normalized power, are examined in this numerical study. A multiplexer is a device that enables multiple messages or signals to be conveyed simultaneously through a single communication channel. A specific type of optical fiber, called photonic crystal fiber (PCF), is used in this context, which has a cladding made of photonic crystals surrounding the fiber core. The fiber features a periodic arrangement of tiny air holes along its length, creating a low-loss periodic dielectric material known as a photonic crystal. In this new design, silica rods are employed instead of multiple air-hole zones along the fiber's length to adjust the coupling length between adjacent channels. The results indicate that after 5.5 mm of light propagation, the operating wavelengths can be effectively multiplexed.
NeRF in NeRF: An Implicit Representation Watermark Algorithm for NeRF
Authors: Chen Lifeng , Liu Jia , Sun Wenquan , Dong Weina , Di Fuqiang 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

The Neural Radiation Field (NeRF) has achieved significant results in the field of computer vision. However, training NeRF models requires a large amount of computing resources and training data. Once the model is stolen or abused by illegal users, it may cause huge losses to copyright owners. This article proposes a watermarking framework for copyright protection using Implicit Neural Representation (INR). After implicitly representing the watermark information, we embed the network representing the watermark information into the network of the NeRF model by designing a specific key. The copyright verifier extracts the watermark from the NeRF model using the key to prove the copyright of the NeRF model. To our knowledge, this is the first time INR has been introduced into the copyright protection of the NeRF model. The experimental results show that our method not only has high robustness and maintains good 3D reconstruction quality, but also achieves lossless (100%) extraction of watermark information, effectively protecting the copyright of the NeRF model.
Enhancing Single Object Tracking with Temporal Information
Authors: Abboud Mai , Jafar Assef , Hamdoun Omar 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

This study introduces an enhancement approach for single object tracking (SOT) algorithms, aimingto use temporal information with minimize architectural changes while preserving the original modeldimensions with minimal impact on the speed. Most state-of-the-art approaches prioritize effectivefeature extraction from the object or the search window images, while temporal information is oftenneglected. Additionally, many deep models used in SOTs are time-consuming compared to traditionaltrackers. This study focuses on SwinTrack V2 as our case study due to its absence of temporalinformation utilization and its excellent performance on GOT-10k dataset. The method suggest addinga third input to the model, which is an updated object template. The initial template features arefused with the updated template using an attention block, which effectively preserves the originalmodel dimension. Our additional block improves performance when testing on Got-10k dataset by 0.9% for average overlap AO and by 2.1% for success rate SR0.5 compared to the original tracker,with only a slight impact on speed.
In vitro evaluation of cytotoxic impact of Adenium obesum crude extract on EJ138 bladder carcinoma cells
Authors: Moula Seyed Mahmoud , Zargan Jamil , Mohammadi Ashkan Hajinoor , zadeh Mohammad Sadegh Odeh 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Bladder cancer is a prevalent neoplasm that exhibits higher incidence rates in males than females. The most common clinical manifestations of bladder cancer are hematuria, reduced urine flow, and urinary frequency. Plant-derived compounds have emerged as promising candidates for anti-tumor therapy. Adenium obesum extract has demonstrated various biological activities, such as antimicrobial, antioxidant, anticancer, antiviral, immunomodulatory, anti-malarial, and anti-trypanosomal effects. The aim of this study was to examine the cytotoxic effects of Adenium obesum crude extract (0.25, 0.5, and 1 µg/mL) on the bladder cancer cell line EJ138 in vitro. Cell viability was assessed by MTT assays, Neutral red uptake, and NO assays. Oxidative stress was evaluated by GSH and catalase assays. Apoptosis was detected by a comet assay. The results showed that Adenium obesum decreased EJ138 cell viability in a concentration-dependent manner. NO production also declined with increasing concentrations of Adenium obesum, except at 0.25. GSH and catalase assays indicated oxidative stress induction in EJ138 cells. A comet assay revealed significant apoptosis induction in a concentration-dependent pattern. These findings imply that Adenium obesum possesses potent anti-cancer properties and may be a potential source of anti-tumor agents.
Assessment of Deforestation and Forest Degradation drivers in Pallandri Azad Kashmir
Authors: Saleem Waqar , Manan Pervez , Ghufran Muhammad Asad , Aziz Maria , Nawaz Abid 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Forestry sector is one of the main greenhouse gas contributors at global level as Deforestation and Forest Degradation contributes about 1.6 billion tonnes of CO2 to the global annual greenhouse gases emissions. Developing countries accounts for 75% of the emissions because their livelihood depends on forests. Pakistan is one of the top listed countries responsible for GHGs emissions including its subnational unit i.e., Azad Jammu and Kashmir (AJK). Therefore drivers responsible for deforestation and forest degradation shall need to be identified to address this issue in more advanced way. Hence the objective of this study was to identify the main drivers of deforestation and forest degradation in Pallandri tehsil of district Sudhnoti, AJK. The results showed that main prioritized drivers of deforestation and forest degradation in the study area were Unsustainable Timber Extraction, Infrastructure Development, Encroachment and Mining, Agriculture Expansion for Subsistence, Unsustainable Wood Extraction, Forest Fires, and Livestock Grazing respectively. According to this study, in general the key reasons for deforestation and forest degradation in Pallandri were water scarcity, land sliding and wood shortages.
Effects of Pomelo Polysaccharide on fat deposition and liver health of orange-spotted grouper (Epinephelus coioides)
Authors: 张 潇潇 , Wu Yingxin , Sun Zizhen , Zeng Xianzi , Lin Li , Liu Yifan , Qin Zhendong , Bai Weidong , Ou Baiqiao , Li Peiyaun , Wu Jinhui , Zou Cuiyun 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

High density and intensive aquaculture of fish often lead to some nutritional and metabolic related diseases. This experiment was designed to investigate the effect of Pomelo Polysaccharide on reducing fat deposition. Five groups of feeds were prepared: control group, low-fat diet group (7.57% fat content), low-fat diet with pomelo polysaccharide group (TDF1 group), high-fat diet group (15.48% fat content), and high-fat diet with pomelo polysaccharide group (TDF2 group). Orange-spotted groupers after 8 weeks of rearing, samples were taken to analyze the growth performance, nutrient composition, liver morphology, enzyme activities and the expression of immune-related genes in liver tissues. The results showed that the weight gain rate (WGR) of groupers in the low-fat diet group was significantly lower than the control group (P < 0.05), while the TDF1 group and TDF2 group were higher than those in the low-fat diet group and high-fat diet group, respectively. Liver damage occurred in the low-fat diet group and the high-fat diet group, while the TDF1 group and the TDF2 group showed improvement in liver tissue structure damage, and the liver lipid droplets in the TDF 2 group decreased significantly compared with the high-fat diet group. Moreover, the TDF2 group significantly inhibited the up-regulation of inflammation and apoptosis-related genes IL-1β, IL-8, caspase-3, and caspase-8. These results indicate that the addition of pomelo polysaccharide can reduce the fat deposition in the liver caused by feeding high-fat feeds, and can have a certain effect on the enhancement of immune function and improve the health of liver of groupers.
Characterization of the Anterior Loop, Accessory Mental Foramen, and Lateral Lingual Foramen Using Cone-Beam Computed Tomography
Authors: Shokri Abbas , Maleki Mohammad Mahdi , Tapak Leili 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Objective: The presence of the anterior loop, accessory mental foramen, lateral lingual foramen, and other details in the mental foramen region can complicate surgeries in this area, which may vary among different populations. This study aims to investigate these features in Iranian population.
Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study utilized Cone-Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) images from patients at the Dental College of Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, encompassing 703 patients providing 1362 mandibular halves. Evaluations were conducted on various sections of CBCT images to examine the targeted structures. Data analyses were performed using IBM SPSS Statistics software (v20.0; IBM Corp) with appropriate statistical tests.
Results: The anterior loop was observed with a prevalence of 22.15% on the right side with an average length of 2.918 mm (range 1-6 mm) and 22.56% on the left side with an average length of 2.628 mm (range 0.9-5 mm). The nerve exit direction was predominantly vertical (67.27%), posterior (26.91%), and anterior (5.79%). Accessory mental foramina were present in 8.27% of cases, ranging from 1 to 3 foramina with an average count of 1.0446, where 1.51% of individuals had bilateral occurrences. Lateral lingual foramina were found in 45.6% of individuals either on the right or left side, with 24.65% having bilateral presences.
Conclusion: According to the findings, ALs, AMFs, and LLFs frequently occur in Iranian population. Considering the impact of racial, gender, and age characteristics on the variations of these anatomical structures, it is recommended to conduct similar studies in different populations.