bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Leaf concentrate as an alternative to iron and folic acid supplements for anaemic adolescent girls: a randomised controlled trial in India
Authors: Vyas Swati , Collin Simon M , Bertin Eric , Davys Glyn J , Mathur Beena 
Published: August 2009

AbstractObjectiveDespite public health campaigns based on Fe and folic acid supplements, Fe-deficiency anaemia remains highly prevalent among women in India. We investigated leaf concentrate as an alternative to Fe and folic acid supplements for treating anaemia in adolescent girls.DesignRandomised controlled two-arm trial over 3 months: one group received daily Fe and folic acid (IFA; 60 mg Fe, 500 μg folic acid); the other daily leaf concentrate (LC; 5 mg Fe, 13 μg folic acid). Hb concentration, mean cell volume, serum Fe, serum ferritin and total Fe-binding capacity were measured pre- and post-intervention.SettingJaipur, India.SubjectsOne hundred and two adolescent girls aged 14–18 years.ResultsOf the 102 girls randomized to the two arms of the trial, four (3·9 %) were severely anaemic (Hb < 7 g/dl), twenty-eight (27·5 %) were moderately anaemic (Hb ≥ 7 g/dl, <10 g/dl) and seventy (68·6 %) were mildly anaemic (Hb ≥ 10 g/dl, <12 g/dl). In the IFA group, eleven girls (20·4 %) withdrew due to side-effects, compared with one girl (2·1 %) in the LC group (P = 0·005). Total losses to follow-up were 14/54 in the IFA group and 2/48 in the LC group. At the end of the trial, none of the eighty-six remaining girls were severely anaemic, nine (10·5 %) were moderately anaemic and twenty-six (30·2 %) were mildly anaemic; fifty-one (59·3 %) had normal Hb levels (≥12 g/dl). After adjustment for baseline values, LC was as effective as IFA in improving serum Fe parameters and treating anaemia.ConclusionsLeaf concentrate is an effective, and more palatable, alternative to Fe and folic acid supplements for treating anaemia in adolescent girls.
Knowledge, attitudes and potential response to menu labelling in an urban public health clinic population
Authors: Piron Jennifer , Smith Lisa V , Simon Paul , Cummings Patricia L , Kuo Tony 
Published: August 2009

AbstractObjectiveThe present study examines the receptivity to and potential effects of menu labelling on food choices of low-income and minority individuals – a group often at disproportionate risk for preventable, lifestyle-related health conditions (e.g. obesity, diabetes and CVD).DesignWe conducted a cross-sectional survey to examine the knowledge, attitudes and potential response to menu labelling in an urban public health clinic population.SettingUnited States.SubjectsA total of 639 clinic patients were recruited in the waiting rooms of six, large public health centres in Los Angeles County (2007–2008). These centres provide services to a largely uninsured or under-insured, low-income, Latino and African-American population.ResultsAmong those approached and who met eligibility criteria, 88 % completed the survey. Of the 639 respondents, 55 % were overweight or obese based on self-reported heights and weights; 74 % reported visiting a fast food restaurant at least once in the past year, including 22 % at least once a week; 93 % thought that calorie information was ‘important’; and 86 % thought that restaurants should be required to post calorie information on their menu boards. In multivariate analyses, respondents who were obese, female, Latino and supportive of calorie postings were more likely than others to report that they would choose food and beverages with lower calories as a result of menu labelling.ConclusionsThese findings suggest that clinic patients are receptive to this population-based strategy and that they would be inclined to change their food selections in response to menu labelling.
Effectiveness of an educational intervention on complementary feeding practices and growth in rural China: a cluster randomised controlled trial
Authors: Shi Ling , Zhang Jingxu , Wang Yan , Caulfield Laura E , Guyer Bernard 
Published: August 2009

AbstractObjectiveInappropriate complementary feeding is one of the major causes of malnutrition in young children in developing countries. We developed an educational intervention, delivered by local health-care providers, aimed at improving complementary feeding practices and child nutrition.DesignEight townships in Laishui, a rural area in China, were randomly assigned to the educational intervention or control group. A total of 599 healthy infants were enrolled at age 2–4 months and followed up until 1 year of age. In the intervention group, educational messages and enhanced home-prepared recipes were disseminated to caregivers through group trainings and home visits. Questionnaire surveys and anthropometric measurements were taken at baseline and ages 6, 9 and 12 months. Analysis was by intention to treat.ResultsIt was found that food diversity, meal frequency and hygiene practices were improved in the intervention group. Infants in the intervention group gained 0·22 kg more weight (95 % CI 0·003, 0·45 kg,P= 0·047) and gained 0·66 cm more length (95 % CI 0·03, 1·29 cm,P= 0·04) than did controls over the study period.ConclusionsFindings from the study suggest that an educational intervention delivered through local health-care providers can lead to substantial behavioural changes of caregivers and improve infant growth.
The effect of second‐line surgery on reproductive performance of women with recurrent endometriosis: A systematic review
Authors: VERCELLINI PAOLO , SOMIGLIANA EDGARDO , VIGANÒ PAOLA , DE MATTEIS SARA , BARBARA GIUSSY , FEDELE LUIGI 
Published: August 2009

AbstractEstimates of endometriosis recurrence after primary surgery are around 10% per annum during the first postoperative quinquennium. The aim of this study was to define the effect of reoperation in women seeking conception. A MEDLINE and PubMed search was conducted to identify English language studies published in the last 30 years evaluating reproductive performance after second‐line surgery. Repeat surgery for recurrent endometriosis and identification of women seeking pregnancy were selected. Two authors abstracted data on standardized forms. The initial literature screening yielded 41 citations, but 19 were excluded because no data on reoperation were described, seven as no original figures were included, three because analyses were performed on the same cohort, and one because extremely skewed data were reported. A total of 313 patients who sought pregnancy after repetitive surgery for recurrent endometriosis were found, 139 in six non‐comparative studies, and 174 in five retrospective comparative studies. Overall, pregnancy was achieved in 81 women (26%; 95% confidence interval (CI), 21–31%), without significant difference between the laparotomy (27%) and laparoscopy (25%) approach. Three studies compared pregnancy rate after second‐line (28/124; 23%) and primary surgery (236/577; 41%; common odds ratio (OR), 0.44; 95% CI, 0.28–0.68%), and two compared the probability of conception after in‐vitro fertilization (IVF) (14/27; 30%) and repetitive surgery (10/50; 20%; common OR, 1.51; 95% CI, 0.58–3.91%). Conclusions. The probability of conception after repeat surgery for recurrent endometriosis appeared limited and reduced compared with that after primary surgery. The results of IVF were not inferior to those of reoperation.
A method for visualizing CellML models
Authors: Wimalaratne S. M. , Halstead M. D. B. , Lloyd C. M. , Cooling M. T. , Crampin E. J. , Nielsen P. F. 
Published: August 2009

AbstractMotivation: The Physiome Project was established in 1997 to develop tools to facilitate international collaboration in the physiological sciences and the sharing of biological models and experimental data. The CellML language was developed to represent and exchange mathematical models of biological processes. CellML models can be very complicated, making it difficult to interpret the underlying physical and biological concepts and relationships captured/described in the mathematical model.Results: To address this issue a set of ontologies was developed to explicitly annotate the biophysical concepts represented in the CellML models. This article presents a framework that combines a visual language, together with CellML ontologies, to support the visualization of the underlying physical and biological concepts described by the mathematical model and also their relationships with the CellML model. Automated CellML model visualization assists in the interpretation of model concepts and facilitates model communication and exchange between different communities.Contact: sarala.dissanayake@auckland.ac.nzSupplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
A new taxonomy-based protein fold recognition approach based on autocross-covariance transformation
Authors: Dong Qiwen , Zhou Shuigeng , Guan Jihong 
Published: August 2009

Abstract
Motivation: Fold recognition is an important step in protein structure and function prediction. Traditional sequence comparison methods fail to identify reliable homologies with low sequence identity, while the taxonomic methods are effective alternatives, but their prediction accuracies are around 70%, which are still relatively low for practical usage.
Results: In this study, a simple and powerful method is presented for taxonomic fold recognition, which combines support vector machine (SVM) with autocross-covariance (ACC) transformation. The evolutionary information represented in the form of position-specific score matrices is converted into a series of fixed-length vectors by ACC transformation and these vectors are then input to a SVM classifier for fold recognition. The sequence-order effect can be effectively captured by this scheme. Experiments are performed on the widely used D-B dataset and the corresponding extended dataset, respectively. The proposed method, called ACCFold, gets an overall accuracy of 70.1% on the D-B dataset, which is higher than major existing taxonomic methods by 2–14%. Furthermore, the method achieves an overall accuracy of 87.6% on the extended dataset, which surpasses major existing taxonomic methods by 9–17%. Additionally, our method obtains an overall accuracy of 80.9% for 86-folds and 77.2% for 199-folds. These results demonstrate that the ACCFold method provides the state-of-the-art performance for taxonomic fold recognition.
Availability: The source code for ACC transformation is freely available at http://www.iipl.fudan.edu.cn/demo/accpkg.html.
Contact: sgzhou@fudan.edu.cn
Supplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
integrOmics: an R package to unravel relationships between two omics datasets
Authors: Lê Cao Kim-Anh , González Ignacio , Déjean Sébastien 
Published: August 2009

AbstractMotivation: With the availability of many ‘omics’ data, such as transcriptomics, proteomics or metabolomics, the integrative or joint analysis of multiple datasets from different technology platforms is becoming crucial to unravel the relationships between different biological functional levels. However, the development of such an analysis is a major computational and technical challenge as most approaches suffer from high data dimensionality. New methodologies need to be developed and validated.Results: integrOmics efficiently performs integrative analyses of two types of ‘omics’ variables that are measured on the same samples. It includes a regularized version of canonical correlation analysis to enlighten correlations between two datasets, and a sparse version of partial least squares (PLS) regression that includes simultaneous variable selection in both datasets. The usefulness of both approaches has been demonstrated previously and successfully applied in various integrative studies.Availability: integrOmics is freely available from http://CRAN.R-project.org/ or from the web site companion (http://math.univ-toulouse.fr/biostat) that provides full documentation and tutorials.Contact: k.lecao@uq.edu.auSupplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
TheColletotrichum orbiculare ssd1Mutant EnhancesNicotiana benthamianaBasal Resistance by Activating a Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Pathway
Authors: Tanaka Shigeyuki , Ishihama Nobuaki , Yoshioka Hirofumi , Huser Aurélie , O'Connell Richard , Tsuji Gento , Tsuge Seiji , Kubo Yasuyuki 
Published: August 2009

AbstractPlant basal resistance is activated by virulent pathogens in susceptible host plants. A Colletotrichum orbiculare fungal mutant defective in the SSD1 gene, which regulates cell wall composition, is restricted by host basal resistance responses. Here, we identified the Nicotiana benthamiana signaling pathway involved in basal resistance by silencing the defense-related genes required for restricting the growth of the C. orbiculare mutant. Only silencing of MAP Kinase Kinase2 or of both Salicylic Acid Induced Protein Kinase (SIPK) and Wound Induced Protein Kinase (WIPK), two mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinases, allowed the mutant to infect and produce necrotic lesions similar to those of the wild type on inoculated leaves. The fungal mutant penetrated host cells to produce infection hyphae at a higher frequency in SIPK WIPK-silenced plants than in nonsilenced plants, without inducing host cellular defense responses. Immunocomplex kinase assays revealed that SIPK and WIPK were more active in leaves inoculated with mutant fungus than with the wild type, suggesting that induced resistance correlates with MAP kinase activity. Infiltration of heat-inactivated mutant conidia induced both SIPK and WIPK more strongly than did those of the wild type, while conidial exudates of the wild type did not suppress MAP kinase induction by mutant conidia. Therefore, activation of a specific MAP kinase pathway by fungal cell surface components determines the effective level of basal plant resistance.
ArabidopsisCortical Microtubules Are Initiated along, as Well as Branching from, Existing Microtubules
Authors: Chan Jordi , Sambade Adrian , Calder Grant , Lloyd Clive 
Published: August 2009

AbstractThe principles by which cortical microtubules self-organize into a global template hold important implications for cell wall patterning. Microtubules move along bundles of microtubules, and neighboring bundles tend to form mobile domains that flow in a common direction. The bundles themselves move slowly and for longer than the individual microtubules, with domains describing slow rotary patterns. Despite this tendency for colinearity, microtubules have been seen to branch off extant microtubules at ∼45°. To examine this paradoxical behavior, we investigated whether some microtubules may be born on and grow along extant microtubule(s). The plus-end markers Arabidopsis thaliana end binding protein 1a, AtEB1a-GFP, and Arabidopsis SPIRAL1, SPR1-GFP, allowed microtubules of known polarity to be distinguished from underlying microtubules. This showed that the majority of microtubules do branch but in a direction heavily biased toward the plus end of the mother microtubule: few grow backward, consistent with the common polarity of domains. However, we also found that a significant proportion of emergent comets do follow the axes of extant microtubules, both at sites of apparent microtubule nucleation and at cross-over points. These phenomena help explain the persistence of bundles and counterbalance the tendency to branch.
Uncomplicated peptic ulcer in the UK: trends from 1997 to 2005
Authors: CAI S. , GARCÍA RODRÍGUEZ L. A. , MASSÓ‐GONZÁLEZ E. L. , HERNÁNDEZ‐DÍAZ S. 
Published: August 2009

SummaryBackground  Few studies have examined the incidence of uncomplicated peptic ulcer or the trends in factors affecting its incidence.Aim  To estimate the incidence rate of uncomplicated peptic ulcer in the UK from 1997 to 2005 and report temporal changes in the main known preventive and risk factors.Methods  Population‐based cohort study of 1 049 689 patients enrolled in The Health Improvement Network in the UK. We estimated the incidence rate of uncomplicated peptic ulcer and evaluated temporal trends in demographic characteristics and prescription patterns for various anti‐inflammatory and gastroprotective agents.Results  Overall uncomplicated peptic ulcer incidence was 0.75 cases per 1000 persons‐years, declining from 1.1 to 0.52 cases per 1000 person‐years between 1997 and 2005. Distributions of age, gender and alcohol habits were similar in 1997 and 2005. The proportion of documented Helicobacter pylori‐negative cases increased from 5% to 12%. Monthly prevalence of subjects with prescriptions for traditional non‐aspirin NSAIDs changed from 7.7% to 6.8%, Coxibs from 0% to 0.7%, and proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) from 2.4% to 7.4%. The proportion of subjects on prescription NSAIDs on PPIs increased continuously over time.Conclusion  A reduction in H. pylori‐related peptic ulcers, changing patterns in NSAID use and increasing PPI use may have contributed to a decline in uncomplicated peptic ulcer incidence in the UK.
Predictors of gastroduodenal erosions in patients taking low‐dose aspirin
Authors: HART J. , HAWKEY C. J. , LANAS A. , NAESDAL J. , TALLEY N. J. , THOMSON A. B. R. , YEOMANS N. D. 
Published: August 2009

SummaryBackground  Gastroduodenal ulcers are common in patients taking low‐dose aspirin. However, the factors predisposing to mucosal erosions, the precursor lesions, are not well known.Aims  To examine the potential risk factors for the development of erosions in patients chronically taking low‐dose aspirin.Methods  Patients included were taking aspirin 75–325 mg daily for >28 days. Exclusion criteria included use of nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory and ulcer‐healing drugs. Demographic data were collected at baseline, prior to endoscopy to determine the frequency and number of erosions and Helicobacter pylori status. In those without ulcer or other exclusions, endoscopy was repeated at 3 months.Results  Fewer patients had gastric erosions if they were H. pylori +ve (48.5% vs. 66.4% in H. pylori−ve patients at baseline, P = 0.17; 40.0% vs. 64.1% at 3 months, P = 0.029). If gastric erosions were present, they were also less numerous in H. pylori +ve patients (3.61 ± 0.83 vs. 4.90 ± 0.53 at baseline, P = 0.026; 2.17 ± 0.68 vs. 5.68 ± 0.86 at 3 months, P = 0.029). There was a trend (0.1 > P > 0.05) for more gastric erosions in those taking >100 mg/day aspirin. Males had more duodenal erosions at baseline (25.2% vs. 7.5%, P = 0.016). Patient age did not affect the presence or number of erosions. H. Pylori was not significantly associated with duodenal erosion numbers.Conclusions  Helicobacter pylori infection may partially protect against low‐dose aspirin‐induced gastric erosions; damage to the stomach appears weakly dose‐related; and older age does not increase the risk of erosions.
Sensitization profiles in birch pollen‐allergic patients with and without oral allergy syndrome to apple: lessons from multiplexed component‐resolved allergy diagnosis
Authors: Ebo D. G. , Bridts C. H. , Verweij M. M. , De Knop K. J. , Hagendorens M. M. , De Clerck L. S. , Stevens W. J. 
Published: August 2009

SummaryBackground
Component‐resolved diagnosis (CRD) using microarray technology has recently been introduced into the field of clinical allergology.Objective
To further validate the use of CRD by microarray technology in allergy diagnosis.Methods
Thiry‐seven patients allergic to birch pollen were included. The discriminative value of apple‐specific IgE (sIgE), recombinant Mal d 1 (rMal d 1) sIgE, apple skin prick test and rMal d 1 on the microarray was assessed between patients with a birch‐related oral allergy syndrome to apple (OAS+, n=20) and healthy control individuals (HC, n=8) without a history of inhalant allergies or apple‐induced OAS. An additional comparative analysis was carried out with individuals allergic to birch pollen allergy without OAS (OAS−; n=17).Results
rMal d 1 coupled to the microarray constitutes a discriminative marker between OAS+ and HC with a sensitivity 95% and a specificity of 100%. However, in parallel with the traditional sIgE assay, 15 out of 17 OAS− individuals (88%) also displayed IgE reactivity to rMal d 1 coupled to the microarray. OAS− individuals are more frequently sensitized to mite (about three to four times), cat and dog dander (about two to three times) and grass pollen (about 1.5 times) as compared with OAS+ patients.Conclusion
At first glance, CRD by microarray seems to be a reliable instrument in the diagnosis of apple‐mediated OAS in birch pollen allergy. However, for discriminating between sensitization and a real allergy, micro‐arrayed rMal d 1 offers no advantage over conventional quantification of rMal d 1 sIgE. Most interestingly, within a single run, birch pollen‐allergic patients without OAS to apple were shown to display a broader sensitization to classical inhalant allergens than birch pollen‐allergic patients with an apple‐related OAS. Cite this as: D. G. Ebo, C. H. Bridts, M. M. Verweij, K. J. De Knop, M. M. Hagendorens, L. S. De Clerck and W. J. Stevens, Clinical & Experimental Allergy, 2010 (40) 339– 347.
Minimal persistent inflammation in allergic rhinitis: implications for current treatment strategies
Authors: Canonica G W , Compalati E 
Published: August 2009

Summary
Patients with allergic rhinitis have traditionally been placed into ‘seasonal’ and ‘perennial’ categories, which do not account for the subclinical inflammatory state that exists in many patients. In subjects with seasonal and perennial allergic rhinitis, even subthreshold doses of allergen have been found to cause inflammatory cell infiltration in the nasal mucosa, including increases in expression of cellular adhesion molecules, nasal and conjunctival eosinophilia, and other markers of inflammation, which do not result in overt allergy symptoms. This state – which has been termed ‘minimal persistent inflammation’– may contribute to hyperreactivity and increased susceptibility to development of clinical symptoms as well as common co-morbidities of allergic rhinitis, such as asthma. Treating overt allergy symptoms as well as this underlying inflammatory state requires agents that have well-established clinical efficacy, convenient administration, potent anti-inflammatory effects and proven long-term safety, so that long-term continuous administration is feasible. Of the three major classes of commonly used allergic rhinitis medications – intranasal corticosteroids, anti-histamines, and anti-leukotrienes – intranasal corticosteroids appear to represent the most reasonable therapeutic option in patients who would benefit from continuous inhibition of persistent inflammation.
Competitive adsorption between phosphate and carboxylic acids: quantitative effects and molecular mechanisms
Authors: Lindegren M. , Persson P. 
Published: August 2009

SummaryThe competitive adsorption at the water‐goethite interface between phosphate and a carboxylic acid, either oxalate, citrate, 1,2,3,4‐butanetetracarboxylic acid (BTCA), mellitate or Suwannee River Standard Fulvic Acid 1S101F (FA), was investigated over a wide pH range (3–9) by means of batch experiments and attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared (ATR‐FTIR) spectroscopy. The quantitative results from the competitive adsorption measurements show that the efficiency of the organic acids in competing with phosphate was in the order oxalate < citrate < BTCA ≅ FA < mellitate. Oxalate showed no detectable effect, whereas the effect in the mellitate system was strong, and the aggregative results indicate that an increasing number of carboxylic groups favours competitive ability towards phosphate. The infrared spectroscopic results show conclusively that competition for goethite surface sites between carboxylic acids and phosphate is not a ligand‐exchange reaction between inner‐sphere surface complexes. Instead, ligands capable of multiple H‐bonding interactions are required to out‐compete and desorb surface complexes of phosphate. The fact that partially protonated organic acids are the most efficient emphasizes the importance of both H‐accepting carboxylate groups and H‐donating carboxylic acid groups for the competitive effect.