bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Low‐profile titanium mesh in the use of orbital reconstruction: A pilot study
Authors: Lieger Olivier , Schaller Benoit , Kellner Frauke , Messmer‐Schai Brigitte , Iizuka Tateyuki 
Published: February 2012

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:The purpose of this study was to share our clinical experience in the use and accuracy of a newly designed, low‐profile titanium mesh (Modus OPS 1.5; Medartis, Basel, Switzerland) for primary internal orbital reconstruction.Study Design:Observational study.Methods:This study was conducted at the Department of Cranio‐Maxillofacial Surgery at the University Hospital of Bern, Switzerland, starting November 2008. Patients were included who had a defect size of ≥2 cm2 or fractures of more than one wall. The operations were performed within 14 days after trauma. To repair the orbital fracture, a newly designed titanium mesh was applied. The technical innovation in regard to these plates is the low‐profile height of 0.25 mm along the border and 0.2 mm in the mesh area. Two different sizes of two different types of mesh are available for reconstruction. Preoperative computed tomography (CT) scans were obtained to assess the fracture size and location. A maxillofacial surgeon performed pre‐ and postoperative assessments (at 2 weeks, 12 weeks, and 6 months). Ophthalmologic assessments were performed preoperatively and 6 months after the operation. Postoperative CT scans were obtained within 12 weeks after the operation and the orbital volumes analyzed by a radiologist.Results:Twenty‐seven patients underwent surgery (11 female; average age, 55.2 years). Final postoperative ophthalmologic follow‐up was obtained at a mean of 8.8 months (range, 4.0–20.1 months). Twenty‐five patients (93%) had a successful treatment outcome without complications. In two patients, the plate was buckled in the posterior edge region and had to be replaced. Surgical revision was performed within 3 weeks after the first procedure. These patients showed good clinical and radiologic outcome after the second procedure. At the final assessment, none of the patients had experienced diplopia. Three patients showed slight enophthalmos (2‐mm side difference), however, without any subjective functional or aesthetic concerns. According to the literature, an average orbital volume difference of up to 1.95 cm3 is normal. In our study, radiologic volume assessment showed a side difference of ≥2 cm3 in four patients, of which one patient presented with a clinically detectable enophthalmos.Conclusions:The newly designed, thin titanium mesh is a reliable and safe implant for the repair of orbital defects. Owing to insufficient intraoperative control, two plates showed buckling at the posterior border, which made a repair necessary. Awareness of this problem may avoid such complications in the future. However, it would seem reasonable to improve the stability of the mesh by increasing the profile height, to minimize potential complications.
Matrix metalloproteinases and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases in nasal lavage after an inhalation challenge with flour
Authors: Castano Roberto , Miedinger David , Maghni Karim , Ghezzo Heberto , Trudeau Carole , Castellanos Lucero , Wattiez Mathieu , Vandenplas Olivier , Malo Jean‐Luc 
Published: February 2012

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:The existence of nasal mucosa remodeling in allergic rhinitis is controversial. Few data are available on the dynamics of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs) in nasal fluid after an allergen challenge. We examined whether an immediate allergic reaction that induces nasal congestion and inflammation is able to also induce changes in remodeling parameters in nasal fluid.Study Design:Controlled experimental study.Methods:Ten patients with allergic occupational rhinitis due to flour underwent a control and active inhalation challenge with serial monitoring of nasal congestion and nasal symptoms with acoustic rhinometry and a visual analogue scale. Levels of remodeling markers (MMP‐2, MMP‐7, MMP‐9, MMP‐13, TIMP‐1, TIMP‐2) and inflammatory cells in nasal fluid were measured before the challenge and at 30 minutes, 6 hours, and 24 hours following the challenge.Results:In contrast to the control challenge, the flour challenge induced nasal symptoms and significant decreases in nasal volume in all subjects. After the flour challenge, a significant increase in nasal levels of TIMP‐2 and a nonsignificant increase in TIMP‐1 levels were observed, whereas no significant changes in nasal levels of MMPs were documented.Conclusions:This study showed that after an inhalation challenge with an occupational allergen, the nasal mucosa displayed an imbalance in favor of TIMPs enzymes activity as compared to MMPs enzymes activity, represented in an increase in nasal levels of TIMP‐2 during the course of the early reaction following the allergen challenge. Laryngoscope, 2012
Differences in neuromuscular junctions of laryngeal and limb muscles in rats
Authors: Feng Xin , Zhang Tan , Ralston Evelyn , Ludlow Christy L. 
Published: February 2012

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:Laryngeal muscles are specialized for fine control of voice, speech, and swallowing, and may differ from limb muscles in many aspects. Because muscles and their controlling motor neurons communicate via neuromuscular junctions (NMJs), we hypothesized that NMJs in laryngeal muscles have specialized characteristics different from limb muscles.Study Design:In vivo study.Methods:Single muscle fibers from 12 Sprague‐Dawley rats (six male, six female) were used to analyze the postsynaptic side of NMJs from laryngeal thyroarytenoid (TA), cricothyroid (CT), posterior cricoarytenoid (PCA), limb soleus (SOL), and extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscles. NMJs were labeled with rhodamine‐conjugated α‐bungarotoxin. With confocal microscopy, we counted cluster fragments and measured the NMJ area, both absolute and normalized (corrected by muscle fiber diameter), for at least 10 single fibers from each muscle of each animal. Differences between genders were also compared.Results:Cluster fragments of postsynaptic NMJs were more numerous in PCA and TA compared to CT, SOL, and EDL muscles (P < .01) in both male and female rats. NMJ cluster fragments were more numerous in female than in male rats only in the TA muscle (P < .01). The absolute area covered by the NMJs showed SOL > EDL > PCA > CT > TA (P < .01); however, with normalization the SOL = EDL = PCA > CT = TA.Conclusions:Differences found in NMJ surface and organization between laryngeal and limb muscle fibers may relate to specialized laryngeal muscle functions. Differences in NMJs between male and female rats were found only in the TA muscle, suggesting an underlying mechanism for some gender‐specific laryngeal disorders related to abnormal TA muscle activity.
TALK score: Development and validation of a prognostic model for predicting larynx preservation outcome
Authors: Sherman Eric J. , Fisher Susan G. , Kraus Dennis H. , Zelefsky Michael J. , Seshan Venkatraman E. , Singh Bhuvanesh , Shaha Ashok R. , Shah Jatin P. , Wolf Gregory T. , Pfister David G. 
Published: February 2012

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:To develop and validate a simple prognostic tool that would help predict larynx preservation outcome.Study Design:A retrospective review of 3 prospective studies.Methods:We reviewed consecutive chemotherapy/radiation protocols for patients (n = 170) with advanced, resectable, squamous cell, larynx, or pharynx cancer treated at Memorial Sloan‐Kettering Cancer Center from 1988 to 1995 with larynx preservation intent. The outcome was successful larynx preservation. Model validation used data from U. S. Department of Veterans Affairs larynx preservation study.Results:The developed model added one point for each poor prognostic covariate present (show in parentheses) and was given the acronym TALK: T stage (T4), albumin (<4 g/dL), maximum alcohol/liquor use (≥6 drinks/day or heavy drinking), and Karnofsky performance status (<80%). The 3‐year larynx preservation rates by TALK score were 65% (0), 41% (1–2), and 6% (3–4), P < .0001; on validation, the TALK 3–4 group was particularly well demarcated.Conclusions:The TALK score is an easily applied and valid tool that should assist treatment selection.
Surface‐Modifiable Free‐Floating Films Formed by Multiway Connection of Collagen‐Like Triple‐Helical Peptides
Authors: Matsui Shunsuke , Yamazaki Chisato M. , Koide Takaki 
Published: March 2012

AbstractSquare‐millimeter‐sized free‐floating translucent films are formed in physiological buffer by multiway connections between biotinylated collagen‐like triple‐helical peptides and avidin. Although the compositions of the films are almost constant, regardless of the ratios of the components loaded, their thicknesses can be controlled by the concentrations of the components. The film surfaces can be further modified by taking advantage of exposed biotin (or avidin) functionalities. The self‐assembled films could serve as novel materials in biomedical and biosensing applications.
Synthesis of Porous PEG Microgels Using CaCO3 Microspheres as Hard Templates
Authors: Behra Muriel , Schmidt Stephan , Hartmann Jürgen , Volodkin Dmitry V. , Hartmann Laura 
Published: March 2012

AbstractPorous poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) microgels of both 17.6 and 8.3 μm in diameter are synthesized via hard templating with calcium carbonate (CaCO3) microparticles. The synthesis is performed in three steps: loading of PEG macromonomers into CaCO3 microparticles, crosslinking via photopolymerization, and removal of the CaCO3 template under acidic conditions. The resulting porous PEG microgels are inverse replicates of their templates as indicated by light microscopy, cryo‐scanning electron microscopy (cryo‐SEM), and permeability studies. Thus this process allows for the straightforward and highly reproducible synthesis of porous hydrogel particles of two different diameters and porosities that show great potential as carriers for drugs or nanomaterials.
Physiology of human posthypoxic myoclonus
Authors: Hallett Mark 
Published: February 2012

AbstractThere are two types of posthypoxic myoclonus, acute and chronic. The acute type has not been intensively studied but is likely to be brain stem in origin. Chronic posthypoxic myoclonus is most commonly cortical reflex myoclonus, but reticular reflex myoclonus and exaggerated startle may also occur. These three conditions have characteristic physiological features. In assessing the relevance of an animal model, it would be appropriate to identify the myoclonus with one of these three patterns.
Ulnar nerve injuries in guyon canal: A report of 32 cases
Authors: Kokkalis Zinon T. , Efstathopoulos Dimitrios G. , Papanastassiou Ioannis D. , Sarlikiotis Thomas , Papagelopoulos Panayiotis J. 
Published: February 2012

AbstractPurpose:In this study, the surgical outcomes of 32 patients with ulnar nerve injuries in the Guyon canal are presented. Outcomes were analyzed in relation to various factors such as age, surgical timing, zone of injury, and type of nerve reconstruction.Methods:Between 1990 and 2007, 32 patients with injury in Guyon canal were managed surgically. Twelve patients had ulnar nerve injury proximal to its bifurcation (zone I); 14 patients had isolated motor branch injury (zone II); and six patients had isolated sensory branch injury (zone III). End‐to‐end repair was achieved in 12 (38%) of 32 patients, while nerve grafting was performed in 20 (62%) cases. The mean follow‐up period was 22 months.Results:Good and excellent motor function was restored in 25 (96%) of 26 cases with motor branch injury. Good and excellent sensory results were achieved in 15 (83%) of 18 cases with sensory branch injury. Outcomes were significantly better for those who had early repair (<4 weeks) when compared with those who had repair 4 weeks after injury (P < 0.05). There were no significant differences between outcomes after end‐to‐end repair or nerve grafting (P > 0.05) and between outcomes from repair of injuries in different zone (P > 0.05).Conclusions:Early diagnosis and surgical treatment with careful dissection of the ulnar nerve branches within the canal is very important. Adequate exposure is usually required to repair the nerve in the Guyon canal. Nerve grafting in this level could give analogous results as the end‐to‐end repair. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microsurgery, 2012.
Refocused double‐quantum editing for lactate detection at 7 T
Authors: Boer Vincent O. , Luijten Peter R. , J. Klomp Dennis W. 
Published: February 2012

AbstractLactate is an important marker for anaerobic glucose metabolism, and it is therefore of particular interest in, for example, cerebral ischemia, skeletal muscle disorders, and in the monitoring of oncology treatments. However, the in vivo detection of lactate with magnetic resonance spectroscopy is complicated by the overlap of the low‐intensity lactate methyl resonance with lipid signal. Therefore, double‐quantum filters have been employed to dephase the overlapping lipid signal, as they allow for a very high lipid suppression efficiency. For reliable lactate detection in lipid‐rich environment, very large crushing gradients have to be employed to dephase the lipid signal under the noise level. Double‐quantum filters are generally associated with signal loss of the metabolite of interest. For lactate, half of the signal is lost by selecting either the double‐ or the zero‐quantum coherences. Moreover, owing to incomplete refocusing, traditional double‐quantum filters with very large crusher gradients exhibit additional loss of the already low‐lactate signal. In this study, a refocused double‐quantum filter is described, which does not suffer from this source of additional signal loss. Therefore, it becomes possible to detect lactate at lower concentrations, or in lipid‐rich environments. Lactate measurements are shown in the human calf muscle at 7 T. Magn Reson Med, 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Improved diffusion imaging through SNR‐enhancing joint reconstruction
Authors: Haldar Justin P. , Wedeen Van J. , Nezamzadeh Marzieh , Dai Guangping , Weiner Michael W. , Schuff Norbert , Liang Zhi‐Pei 
Published: March 2012

AbstractQuantitative diffusion imaging is a powerful technique for the characterization of complex tissue microarchitecture. However, long acquisition times and limited signal‐to‐noise ratio represent significant hurdles for many in vivo applications. This article presents a new approach to reduce noise while largely maintaining resolution in diffusion weighted images, using a statistical reconstruction method that takes advantage of the high level of structural correlation observed in typical datasets. Compared to existing denoising methods, the proposed method performs reconstruction directly from the measured complex k‐space data, allowing for Gaussian noise modeling and theoretical characterizations of the resolution and signal‐to‐noise ratio of the reconstructed images. In addition, the proposed method is compatible with many different models of the diffusion signal (e.g., diffusion tensor modeling and q‐space modeling). The joint reconstruction method can provide significant improvements in signal‐to‐noise ratio relative to conventional reconstruction techniques, with a relatively minor corresponding loss in image resolution. Results are shown in the context of diffusion spectrum imaging tractography and diffusion tensor imaging, illustrating the potential of this signal‐to‐noise ratio‐enhancing joint reconstruction approach for a range of different diffusion imaging experiments. Magn Reson Med, 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Etiology of overactive bladder: A diet and lifestyle model for diabetes and obesity in older women
Authors: McGrother Catherine W. , Donaldson Madeleine M.K. , Thompson John , Wagg Adrian , Tincello Douglas G. , Manktelow Bradley N. 
Published: February 2012

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate a coherent, evidence‐based hypothesis that specific modifiable lifestyle factors implicated in the development of diabetes and associated obesity are related to the onset of OAB.MethodsA hypothetical causative model for OAB involving modifiable lifestyle factors implicated in the development of diabetes and obesity was constructed, based on a systematic literature review. Secondary analysis of data was undertaken in a prospective cohort of women aged 40 and over, living in Leicestershire, UK. Subjects included 3,411 women free from OAB at baseline and 277 incident cases of OAB. Reported diet, lifestyle, morbid, and social factors were measured at baseline and incident cases at 1‐year follow‐up. Graphical chain modeling was used to estimate the associations between variables and identify likely pathways involved.ResultsAll hypothesized lifestyle factors (physical activity, high glycemic index, and high energy intake) plus diabetes and obesity were retained within the graph as potential contributors. However, low physical activity was the only direct risk factor linked prospectively to the onset of OAB (RR 2.47; 95% CI 1.82, 3.36), in addition to older age.ConclusionsPoor lifestyle factors causally linked to diabetes and obesity may contribute to the onset of OAB; low physical activity appears to be an important modifiable causal factor for OAB operating directly as well as indirectly via pathways involving obesity or diabetes. Further research is needed to demonstrate a causal link between lifestyle and OAB. Neurourol. Urodynam. 31:487–495, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
An exponential high‐order compact ADI method for 3D unsteady convection–diffusion problems
Authors: Ge Yongbin , Tian Zhen F. , Zhang Jun 
Published: March 2012

AbstractIn this article, we develop an exponential high order compact alternating direction implicit (EHOC ADI) method for solving three dimensional (3D) unsteady convection–diffusion equations. The method, which requires only a regular seven‐point 3D stencil similar to that in the standard second‐order methods, is second order accurate in time and fourth‐order accurate in space and unconditionally stable. The resulting EHOC ADI scheme in each alternating direction implicit (ADI) solution step corresponding to a strictly diagonally dominant matrix equation can be solved by the application of the one‐dimensional tridiagonal Thomas algorithm with a considerable saving in computing time. Numerical experiments for three test problems are carried out to demonstrate the performance of the present method and to compare it with the classical Douglas–Gunn ADI method and the Karaa's high‐order compact ADI method. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Numer Methods Partial Differential Eq 2013
Epigenetic disruption of cadherin‐11 in human cancer metastasis
Authors: Carmona F. Javier , Villanueva Alberto , Vidal August , Muñoz Clara , Puertas Sara , Penin Rosa M , Gomà Montserrat , Lujambio Amaia , Piulats Josep M , Mesía Ricard , Sánchez‐Céspedes Montse , Manós Manel , Condom Enric , Eccles Suzanne A , Esteller Manel 
Published: February 2012

AbstractLittle is known about the molecular events occurring in the metastases of human tumours. Epigenetic alterations are dynamic lesions that change over the natural course of the disease, and so they might play a role in the biology of cancer cells that have departed from the primary tumour. Herein, we have adopted an epigenomic approach to identify some of these changes. Using a DNA methylation microarray platform to compare paired primary tumour and lymph node metastatic cell lines from the same patient, we observed cadherin‐11 promoter CpG island hypermethylation as a likely target of the process. We found that CDH11 DNA methylation‐associated transcriptional silencing occurred in the corresponding lymph node metastases of melanoma and head and neck cancer cells but not in the primary tumours. Using in vitro and in vivo cellular and mouse models for depleted or enhanced CDH11 activity, we also demonstrated that CDH11 acts as an inhibitor of tumour growth, motility and dissemination. Most importantly, the study of CDH11 5′‐CpG island hypermethylation in primary tumours and lymph node metastases of cancer patients showed this epigenetic alteration to be significantly confined to the disseminated cells. Overall, these results indicate the existence of metastasis‐specific epigenetic events that might contribute to the progression of the disease. Copyright © 2012 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Modification of Branched Polyethylene by Aerosol‐assisted Dielectric Barrier Discharge
Authors: Mix Renate , Friedrich Joerg F. , Inagaki Norihiro 
Published: March 2012

AbstractThree polyethylene (PE) types with different branching structures were subjected to air, water and ethanol aerosol‐assisted dielectric barrier discharges (DBD) for surface modification. Using the air DBD the incorporated oxygen concentration was found to be independent on the branching of PE in contrast to the introduction of OH groups, which was PE‐2 > PE‐1 > PE‐3. For water‐aerosol DBD the succession of OH concentration was in the order of PE‐1 > PE‐2 > PE‐3. Ethanol aerosol‐assisted DBD produced the lowest concentration of OH groups also independent on the branching of PE. The chemical nature of introduced oxygen functional groups was inspected by X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and assigned as CO, >CO/CHO/OCO and OCO.magnified image
SABER: A computational method for identifying active sites for new reactions
Authors: Nosrati Geoffrey R. , Houk K. N. 
Published: February 2012

AbstractA software suite, SABER (Selection of Active/Binding sites for Enzyme Redesign), has been developed for the analysis of atomic geometries in protein structures, using a geometric hashing algorithm (Barker and Thornton, Bioinformatics 2003;19:1644–1649). SABER is used to explore the Protein Data Bank (PDB) to locate proteins with a specific 3D arrangement of catalytic groups to identify active sites that might be redesigned to catalyze new reactions. As a proof‐of‐principle test, SABER was used to identify enzymes that have the same catalytic group arrangement present in o‐succinyl benzoate synthase (OSBS). Among the highest‐scoring scaffolds identified by the SABER search for enzymes with the same catalytic group arrangement as OSBS were L‐Ala D/L‐Glu epimerase (AEE) and muconate lactonizing enzyme II (MLE), both of which have been redesigned to become effective OSBS catalysts, demonstrated by experiments. Next, we used SABER to search for naturally existing active sites in the PDB with catalytic groups similar to those present in the designed Kemp elimination enzyme KE07. From over 2000 geometric matches to the KE07 active site, SABER identified 23 matches that corresponded to residues from known active sites. The best of these matches, with a 0.28 Å catalytic atom RMSD to KE07, was then redesigned to be compatible with the Kemp elimination using RosettaDesign. We also used SABER to search for potential Kemp eliminases using a theozyme predicted to provide a greater rate acceleration than the active site of KE07, and used Rosetta to create a design based on the proteins identified.