bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Phylogenetic diversity of alkaline protease‐producing psychrotrophic bacteria from glacier and cold environments of Lahaul and Spiti, India
Authors: Salwan Richa , Gulati Arvind , Kasana Ramesh Chand 
Published: January 2010

AbstractThe diversity of proteolytic bacteria associated with a glacier and cold environment soils from three different locations in Lahaul and Spiti, India was investigated. Two hundred seventeen bacterial strains were isolated in pure culture. Subsequently these strains were screened for protease‐production and one hundred nine showed protease production. From these protease producing psychrotrophic bacteria twenty showing high enzyme production at low temperature and alkaline pH were characterized and identified. The 16S rRNA phylogenetic analysis revealed that none of the strains showed 100% identity with the validly published species of various genera. Isolates belonged to three classes i.e. Actinobacteria, Gammaproteobacteria and Alphaproteobacteria, and were affiliated with the genera Acinetobacter, Arthrobacter, Mycoplana, Pseudomonas, Pseudoxanthomonas, Serratia and Stenotrophomonas. The optimal growth temperature ranged from 10 to 28 °C and interestingly, high levels of enzyme productions were measured at growth temperatures between 15 and 25 °C, for most of the isolates in plate assay. Most of the isolates were found to produce at least two other hydrolytic enzymes along with protease. The crude protease from one strain was active over broad range of temperature and pH with optima at 30 °C and 7.5, respectively. The protease activity was enhanced by Ca2+, dithiothreitol and β‐mercaptoethanol. While Na+, Hg2+, Zn2+, Mn2+, phenylmethanesulfonyl fluoride and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid did not showed much effect on protease activity. The results enrich our knowledge on the psychrotrophic bacterial diversity and biogeographic distribution of enzyme producing bacteria in western Himalaya. (© 2010 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Cloning and characterization of poly(3‐hydroxybutyrate) biosynthesis genes from Pseudomonas sp. USM 4‐55
Authors: Tan Yifen , Neo Pei‐Chin , Najimudin Nazalan , Sudesh Kumar , Muhammad Tengku Sifzizul Tengku , Othman Ahmad Sofiman , Samian Razip 
Published: January 2010

AbstractPseudomonas sp. USM 4‐55 is a locally isolated bacterium that possesses the ability to produce polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) consisting of both poly(3‐hydroxybutyrate) [P(3HB)] homopolymer and medium‐chain length (mcl) monomers (6 to 14 carbon atoms) when sugars or fatty acids are utilized as the sole carbon source. In this study, the P(3HB) biosynthesis operon carrying the phbCPs P(3HB) synthase was successfully cloned and sequenced using a homologous probe. Three open reading frames encoding NADPH‐dependent acetoacetyl‐coenzyme A reductase (PhbBPs), β‐ketothiolase (PhbAPs) and P(3HB) synthase (PhbCPs) were found in the phb operon. The genetic organization of phb operon showed a putative promoter region, followed by phbBPs‐phbAPs‐phbCPs. phbRPswhich encoded a putative transcriptional activator was located in the opposite orientation, upstream of phbBACPs. Heterologous expression of pGEM″ABex harboring phbCPs in Escherichia coli JM109 resulted in P(3HB) accumulation of up to 40% of dry cell weight (DCW). (© 2010 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Characterization of ACC deaminase gene in Pseudomonas entomophila strain PS‐PJH isolated from the rhizosphere soil
Authors: Kamala‐Kannan Seralathan , Lee Kui‐Jae , Park Seung‐Moon , Chae Jong‐Chan , Yun Bong‐Sik , Lee Yong Hoon , Park Yool‐Jin , Oh Byung‐Taek 
Published: January 2010

AbstractThe enzyme 1‐aminocyclopropane‐1‐carboxylate (ACC) deaminase cleaves the ethylene precursor ACC into α‐ketobutyrate and ammonia. The decreased level of ethylene allows the plant to be more resistant to a wide environmental stress including plant pathogens. In the present study, we characterized the ACC deaminase activity of a Pseudomonas entomophila strain PS‐PJH isolated from the red pepper rhizosphere region of red pepper grown at Jinan, Korea. The isolate produced 23.8 ± 0.4 μmol of α‐ketobutyrate/mg of protein/h during ACC deamination under in vitro conditions. Polymerase chain reaction for acdS gene showed that the isolated P. entomophila strain PS‐PJH carry sequences similar to the known acdS genes. Results of the multiple sequence alignment revealed >99% identity (nucleotide and amino acid) with acdS gene of Pseudomonas putida strains AM15 and UW4. The isolated bacteria promoted 43.3 and 34.1% of growth in Raphanus sativus and Lactuca sativa plants, respectively. Based on the 16S–23S internal transcribed spacer region sequences, the isolate was identified as P. entomophila. To the best of our knowledge this is the first study to report the acdS gene in P. entomophila. (© 2010 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
The toxicity of lead to Desulfovibrio desulfuricans G20 in the presence of goethite and quartz
Authors: Sani Rajesh K. , Rastogi Gurdeep , Moberly James G. , Dohnalkova Alice , Ginn Timothy R. , Spycher Nicolas , Shende Rajesh V. , Peyton Brent M. 
Published: January 2010

AbstractAn aqueous mixture of goethite, quartz, and lead chloride (PbCl2) was treated with the sulfate‐reducing bacterium, Desulfovibrio desulfuricans G20 (D. desulfuricans G20), in a medium specifically designed to assess metal toxicity. In the presence of 26 μM of soluble Pb, together with the goethite and quartz, D. desulfuricans G20 grew after a lag time of 5 days compared to 2 days in Pb‐, goethite‐, and quartz‐free treatments. In the absence of goethite and quartz, however, with 26 μM soluble Pb, no measurable growth was observed. Results showed that D. desulfuricans G20 first removed Pb from solutions then growth began resulting in black precipitates of Pb and iron sulfides. Transmission electron microscopic analyses of thin sections of D. desulfuricans G20 treated with 10 μM PbCl2 in goethite‐ and quartz‐free treatment showed the presence of a dense deposit of lead sulfide precipitates both in the periplasm and cytoplasm. However, thin sections of D. desulfuricans G20 treated with goethite, quartz, and PbCl2 (26 μM soluble Pb) showed the presence of a dense deposit of iron sulfide precipitates both in the periplasm and cytoplasm. Energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy, selected area electron diffraction patterns, or X‐ray diffraction analyses confirmed the structure of precipitated Pb inside the cell as galena (PbS) in goethite‐ and quartz‐free treatments, and iron sulfides in treatments with goethite, quartz, and PbCl2. Overall results suggest that even at the same soluble Pb concentration (26 μM), in the presence of goethite and quartz, apparent Pb toxicity to D. desulfuricans G20 decreased significantly. Further, accumulation of lead/iron sulfides inside D. desulfuricans G20 cells depended on the presence of goethite and quartz. (© 2010 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Characteristics of metastasis in the breast from extramammary malignancies
Authors: Lee Se Kyung , Kim Wan Wook , Kim Sung Hoon , Hur Sung Mo , Kim Sangmin , Choi Jae Hyuck , Cho Eun Yoon , Han Soo Yeon , Hahn Boo‐Kyung , Choe Jun‐Ho , Kim Jung‐Han , Kim Jee Soo , Lee Jeong Eon , Nam Seok Jin , Yang Jung‐Hyun 
Published: January 2010

AbstractBackground and ObjectiveBreast metastasis from extramammary neoplasm is rare. We present the cases of metastasis to the breast after review of results in one institute and we want to show the difference of previous report.MethodsThe surgical and pathology databases of Samsung Medical Center from November 1994 to March 2009 were investigated to identify all patients with a diagnosis of metastasis to the breast.ResultsThirty‐three patients with breast metastases from extramammary neoplasm were studied. Gastric carcinoma was most common metastatic origin in this study. There were four cases with microcalcifications in their metastatic lesions. This is the first report of microcalcification of metastatic lesions to the breast from hepatocellular carcinoma and gastric cancer.ConclusionsPathologic examination and considering known clinical history may be helpful to differentiate the primary breast cancer and metastatic cancer. Metastasis to the breast from an extramammary neoplasm usually indicates disseminated metastatic disease and a poor prognosis. An accurate diagnosis of breast metastases, differentiating primary from metastatic breast carcinoma, is important for proper management. J. Surg. Oncol. 2010;101:137–140. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Controlling the histological margin for non‐melanoma skin cancer conveniently using a double‐bladed scalpel
Authors: Aoyagi Satoru , Hata Hiroo , Homma Erina , Shimizu Hiroshi 
Published: January 2010

AbstractBackgroundIn some countries, intraoperative histological evaluation to control the surgical margin for non‐melanoma skin cancer is widely used instead of Mohs micrographic surgery. Nevertheless, this evaluation by frozen section analysis is usually limited to suspicious areas.ObjectivesTo evaluate the efficacy of double‐bladed scalpel for intraoperative histological margin control for non‐melanoma skin cancers.MethodsBetween 2005 and 2009, 10 basal cell carcinomas and 5 squamous cell carcinomas were underwent complete histological margin control in which a double‐bladed scalpel was used during the surgery at the Hokkaido University Hospital in Japan.ResultsThe mean number of re‐excisions required for complete tumor resection was 1.4 times. Nine (60%) of the 15 patients obtained histological clearance of all surgical margins at the first re‐excision. The mean size of total surgical margin was 6.1 mm (range: 2–12 mm). The median time from the first tumor excision to reconstruction was 124 min. No local recurrences have been reported.ConclusionsThis method may be used as an alternative for complete histological margin control at many hospitals where it is difficult to perform Mohs micrographic surgery. J. Surg. Oncol. 2010;101:175–179. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Posterior decompression and stabilization, and surgical vertebroplasty with the vertebral body stenting for metastatic vertebral and epidural cauda equina compression
Authors: Mavrogenis Andreas F. , Papadopoulos Elias C. , Starantzis Konstantinos , Korres Demetrios S. , Papagelopoulos Panayiotis J. 
Published: January 2010

AbstractWe present the technique of combined posterior decompression and spinal instrumentation, and surgical (open) vertebroplasty using a novel system called vertebral body stenting (VBS) during a single session in a patient with metastatic vertebral and epidural cauda equina compression. J. Surg. Oncol. 2010; 101:253–258. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Dysferlin associates with the developing T‐tubule system in rodent and human skeletal muscle
Authors: Klinge Lars , Harris John , Sewry Caroline , Charlton Richard , Anderson Louise , Laval Steve , Chiu Yen‐Hui , Hornsey Mark , Straub Volker , Barresi Rita , Lochmüller Hanns , Bushby Kate 
Published: January 2010

AbstractMutations in the dysferlin gene cause limb‐girdle muscular dystrophy type 2B, Miyoshi myopathy, and distal anterior compartment myopathy. Dysferlin mainly localizes to the sarcolemma in mature skeletal muscle where it is implicated in membrane fusion and repair. In different forms of muscular dystrophy, a predominantly cytoplasmic localization of dysferlin can be observed in regenerating myofibers, but the subcellular compartment responsible for this labeling pattern is not yet known. We have previously demonstrated an association of dysferlin with the developing T‐tubule system in vitro. To investigate the role of dysferlin in adult skeletal muscle regeneration, we studied dysferlin localization at high resolution in a rat model of regeneration and found that the subcellular labeling of dysferlin colocalizes with the developing T‐tubule system. Furthermore, ultrastructural analysis of dysferlin‐deficient muscle revealed primary T‐tubule anomalies similar to those seen in caveolin‐3–deficient muscle. These findings indicate that dysferlin is necessary for correct T‐tubule formation, and dysferlin‐deficient skeletal muscle is characterized by abnormally configured T‐tubules. Muscle Nerve : 166–173, 2010
Effects of stimulation frequency and pulse duration on fatigue and metabolic cost during a single bout of neuromuscular electrical stimulation
Authors: Gondin Julien , Giannesini Benoît , Vilmen Christophe , Dalmasso Christiane , le Fur Yann , Cozzone Patrick J. , Bendahan David 
Published: January 2010

AbstractWe have investigated the effects of stimulation frequency and pulse duration on fatigue and energy metabolism in rat gastrocnemius muscle during a single bout of neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES). Electrical pulses were delivered at 100 Hz (1‐ms pulse duration) and 20 Hz (5‐ms pulse duration) for the high (HF) and low (LF) frequency protocols, respectively. As a standardization procedure, the averaged stimulation intensity, the averaged total charge, the initial peak torque, the duty cycle, the contraction duration and the torque‐time integral were similar in both protocols. Fatigue was assessed using two testing trains delivered at a frequency of 100 Hz and 20 Hz before and after each protocol. Metabolic changes were investigated in vivo using 31P‐magnetic resonance spectroscopy (31P‐MRS) and in vitro in freeze‐clamped muscles. Both LF and HF NMES protocols induced the same decrease in testing trains and metabolic changes. We conclude that, under carefully controlled and comparable conditions, the use of low stimulation frequency and long pulse duration do not minimize the occurrence of muscle fatigue or affect the corresponding stimulation‐induced metabolic changes so that this combination of stimulation parameters would not be adequate in the context of rehabilitation. Muscle Nerve, 2010
Role of renshaw cells in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Authors: Mazzocchio Riccardo , Rossi Alessandro 
Published: January 2010

AbstractIn this article the role of Renshaw cell involvement in experimental amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is discussed, with an emphasis on the anatomy, physiology, and possible role in motor control of Renshaw cells. These cells are located in lamina VII of the spinal cord, are excited by motor axon collaterals, and inhibit homonymous and synergistic motoneurons in a negative‐feedback fashion (recurrent inhibition). Early dysfunction and/or loss of Renshaw cells has been suggested to occur in experimental ALS, and the hypothesis has been put forward that this may be the event that makes motoneurons more susceptible to glutamatergic toxicity in ALS. However, Renshaw cell properties and connectivity—in particular, the lack of recurrent inhibition in the more distal muscles of the limbs where, on the contrary, initial wasting is prominent in human ALS—make it unlikely that impairment of Renshaw cells is a general feature of the human form of the disease. Muscle Nerve, 2010
Im Fluss hergestellt: Strukturen aus Mikroreaktoren
Authors: Dittrich Petra 
Published: January 2010

AbstractWas haben ein Gletscher und ein mikrofluidischer Reaktor gemeinsam? In ihnen herrscht laminare Strömung vor. Dieses Strömungsverhalten ist die Grundlage für die Synthese von Nanopartikeln, Nanodrähten und ‐schläuchen, die in Mikroreaktoren unter definierten und reproduzierbaren Bedingungen möglich ist.
Constitutive approach for rate‐sensitive anisotropic structured clays
Authors: Hinchberger Sean D. , Qu Guangfeng , Lo K. Y. 
Published: January 2010

AbstractThis paper describes a constitutive approach to model the behavior of rate‐dependent anisotropic structured clay. Rate‐sensitivity is modeled using overstress viscoplasticity. Clay structure is treated as a viscous phenomenon whereby the viscosity of the undisturbed structured clay is initially very high and the viscosity degrades or decreases with plastic straining until the intrinsic or residual viscosity is reached. A microstructure tensor approach is used to make the structured viscosity anisotropic; whereas, the intrinsic viscosity is assumed to be isotropic. The behavior of the constitutive model is compared with the measured response of two clays (Gloucester and St. Vallier clay) from Eastern Canada during triaxial compression tests on specimens trimmed at different orientations to the vertical. The comparisons show that the constitutive framework is able to describe the anisotropic and rate‐sensitive response of both clays. The response of the model is also examined for the more general case of anisotropic consolidated triaxial compression and extension. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Does the 6‐min walk test correlate with the exercise stress test in children?
Authors: Lesser Daniel J. , Fleming Margaret M. , Maher Carolyn A. , Kim Stephanie B. , Woo Marlyn S. , Keens Thomas G. 
Published: January 2010

AbstractIs there a correlation between the 6‐min walk and aerobic fitness in children? We studied healthy and cystic fibrosis (CF) subjects age 8–20 years using the 6‐min walk test, treadmill graded exercise stress test, and spirometry. Six‐minute walk distance (6MWD) and the product of 6MWD and body weight (6MWORK) were related to aerobic capacity. Data were analyzed using Student's t‐test and Pearson correlation. 13 healthy subjects [9 females, mean age 15.8 ± 3.6 years, % predicted forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) 105 ± 12%, 6MWD 557 ± 73 m, peak oxygen uptake (${\rm V'}_{{\rm O}_2 }$ max) 41.4 ± 7.2 ml/kg/min, and heart rate (HR) at ${\rm V'}_{{\rm O}_2 }$ max 180 ± 10] and 11 CF subjects (3 females, mean age 14.3 ± 3.8 years, FEV1 67 ± 25.9%, 6MWD 468 ± 68 m, ${\rm V'}_{{\rm O}_2 }$ max 27.0 ± 8.1 ml/kg, and HR at ${\rm V'}_{{\rm O}_2 }$ max 163 ± 22] were studied. 6MWD correlates with ${\rm V'}_{{\rm O}_2 }$ max in normal subjects (r = 0.59, P < 0.05) but not in CF subjects (r = 0.09, NS). 6MWORK correlates with ${\rm V'}_{{\rm O}_2 }$ max in CF subjects (r = 0.65, P < 0.05) but not in normal subjects (r = 0.278, NS). We conclude that the 6MWD corresponds with aerobic fitness in normal pediatric subjects and 6MWORK corresponds with aerobic fitness in CF subjects. We speculate that 6MWORK is superior to 6MWD for assessment of aerobic fitness in children with CF. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2010; 45:135–140. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Prevalence and risk factors of wheeze in Dutch infants in their first year of life
Authors: Visser Chantal A.N. , Garcia‐Marcos Luis , Eggink Jenny , Brand Paul L.P. 
Published: January 2010

AbstractFactors operating in the first year of life are critical in determining the onset and persistence of wheezing in preschool children. This study was designed to examine the prevalence and risk factors of wheeze in the first year of life in Dutch infants. This was a population‐based survey of 13‐month‐old infants visiting well baby clinics for a scheduled immunization. Parents/caregivers completed a standardized validated questionnaire on respiratory symptoms in the first year of life and putative risk factors. The independent influence of these factors for wheeze was assessed by multiple logistic regression analysis. A total of 1,115 questionnaires were completed. Wheeze ever (with a prevalence in the first year of life of 28.5%) was independently associated with male gender, eczema, sibs with asthma, any allergic disease in the family, day care, damp housing, and asphyxia. Recurrent wheeze (prevalence 14.5%) showed independent associations with eczema, sibs with asthma, and day care. In addition to these factors, severe wheeze (prevalence 15.4%) was also associated with premature rupture of membranes during birth, and with damp housing. Wheeze is common during the first year of life, and places a major burden on families and the health care system. Factors associated with wheeze are mainly related to markers of atopic susceptibility, and to exposure to infections. The strongest modifiable risk factor for wheeze in the first year of life is home dampness. Interventions to reduce home dampness to reduce wheeze in infancy should be examined. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2010; 45:149–156. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Hybridity, belonging, and mobilities: the intercontinental peripatetics of a transnational community
Authors: Walker Iain 
Published: January 2010

AbstractHistorical movements through the western Indian Ocean and beyond have led to the constitution of groups of spatially mobile individuals who claim belonging in a number of places on their itineraries. This paper looks at the movements of some of these people and suggests how their cultural and social strategies allow them to belong in these different places. However, their social points of reference (anchored in what Bourdieu callsdoxa) and the dispositions that they carry with them (habitus) are often at variance with those of the groups with whom they interact. I suggest that the concept of partial belonging is useful in understanding these people and that this concept may be developed through rethinking habitus and may equally be extended to other, less mobile social groups. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Elastic and thermodynamic properties of IrN2 under pressure
Authors: Wang Jiemin , Sun Jinfeng 
Published: January 2010

AbstractFirst‐principles calculations of the crystal structure and the elastic properties of IrN2 have been carried out with the plane‐wave pseudopotential density functional theory method. The calculated values are in very good agreement with experimental data as well as with some of the existing model calculations. The dependence of the elastic constants cij, the aggregate elastic moduli (B, G, E), the Poisson's ratio, and the elastic anisotropy on pressure has been investigated. Through the quasi‐harmonic Debye model considering the phonon effects, the isothermal bulk modulus, the thermal expansions, Grüneisen parameters, and Debye temperatures depending on the temperature and pressure are obtained in the whole pressure range from 0 to 60 GPa and temperature range from 0 to 1000 K as well as compared to available data.
Conductance of Ag atoms and clusters on Ag(111): Spectroscopic and time‐resolved data
Authors: Sperl A. , Kröger J. , Berndt R. 
Published: January 2010

AbstractThe evolution of the electronic structure of linear atomic Ag chains on Ag(111) has been explored atom by atom using low‐temperature scanning tunnelling microscopy and spectroscopy. Electronic states confined to the linear chains are well described within a particle‐in‐a‐box model. The evolution of an unoccupied Ag monomer resonance during the synthesis of an Ag dimer reveals that the Ag–Ag interaction is predominantly direct owing to the large spatial extension of p wave functions of the adsorbed atoms. The hopping dynamics of a single Ag atom adsorbed on Ag(111) have been monitored by time‐resolved two‐level conductance fluctuations of the tunnel junctions. Effective temperatures of the junction and diffusion barrier heights in the presence of the tip were extracted from a voltage‐dependent analysis of the fluctuation rate.
Magnetism of 3d transition metal nanoparticles on surfaces probed with synchrotron radiation – from ensembles towards individual objects
Authors: Bansmann Joachim , Kleibert Armin , Getzlaff Mathias , Rodríguez Arantxa Fraile , Nolting Frithjof , Boeglin Christine , Meiwes‐Broer Karl‐Heinz 
Published: January 2010

AbstractMass‐filtered Fe, Co and FeCo nanoparticles in the size regime from 7 to 25 nm have been deposited under soft‐landing conditions onto ferromagnetic films, non‐magnetic surfaces as well as embedded into Al matrices. In situ X‐ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD) measurements reveal a ferromagnetic behaviour of FeCo nanoparticles (size: 10 nm) on Si‐substrates at room temperature whereas the respective Co nanoparticles are superparamagnetic. Besides measurements on ensembles of nanoparticles, we have also carried out in situ measurements on individual Fe nanoparticles using X‐ray photoemission electron microscopy at the Fe L3,2 edges. Fe nanoparticles on Co films show a magnetic contrast depending on the direction of the underlying poly‐crystalline Co domains. This technique also allows to record XMCD spectra on individual nanoparticles.Spectroscopy and spectro‐microscopy on magnetic particles.magnified image