bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comment on “Source of black bounces in Rastall gravity”
Authors: Rodrigues Manuel E. , Silva Marcos V.de S. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
In Atazadeh and Hadi (JCAP
01 (2024) 067), the authors proposed that black bounce solutions, such as the Simpson-Visser and the Bardeen-type spacetimes, can be obtained from Rastall gravity. To achieve these spacetimes, the authors consider the presence of a phantom scalar field with nonlinear electrodynamics. However, in this comment, we obtained different electromagnetic Lagrangians from the original work. The most problematic issue is not the incorrect expression of the electromagnetic Lagrangian itself. We show that the method obtains electromagnetic functions that are inconsistent. To obtain the black bounce spacetimes as solutions of Rastall gravity, it is necessary to consider an isotropic fluid, combined with the nonlinear electrodynamics and the phantom scalar field.
Gravitational wave measurement in the mid-band with atom interferometers
Authors: Baum Sebastian , Bogorad Zachary , Graham Peter W. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Gravitational Waves (GWs) have been detected in the ∼ 100 Hz and nHz bands, but most of the gravitational spectrum remains unobserved. A variety of detector concepts have been proposed to expand the range of observable frequencies. In this work, we study the capability of GW detectors in the “mid-band”, the ∼ 30 mHz– 10 Hz range between LISA and LIGO, to measure the signals from and constrain the properties of ∼ 1 – 100 M
⊙ compact binaries. We focus on atom-interferometer-based detectors. We describe a Fisher matrix code, AIMforGW, which we created to evaluate their capabilities, and present numerical results for two benchmarks: terrestrial km-scale detectors, and satellite-borne detectors in medium Earth orbit. Mid-band GW detectors are particularly well-suited to pinpointing the location of GW sources on the sky. We demonstrate that a satellite-borne detector could achieve sub-degree sky localization for any detectable source with chirp mass ℳ
c
≲ 50 M
⊙. We also compare different detector configurations, including different locations of terrestrial detectors and various choices of the orbit of a satellite-borne detector. As we show, a network of only two terrestrial single-baseline detectors or one single-baseline satellite-borne detector would each provide close-to-uniform sky-coverage, with signal-to-noise ratios varying by less than a factor of two across the entire sky. We hope that this work contributes to the efforts of the GW community to assess the merits of different detector proposals.
Dissecting the stochastic gravitational wave background with astrometry
Authors: Çalışkan Mesut , Chen Yifan , Dai Liang , Kumar Neha Anil , Stomberg Isak , Xue Xiao 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Astrometry, the precise measurement of star motions, offers an alternative avenue to investigate low-frequency gravitational waves through the spatial deflection of photons, complementing pulsar timing arrays reliant on timing residuals. Upcoming data from Gaia, Theia, and Roman can not only cross-check pulsar timing array findings but also explore the uncharted frequency range bridging pulsar timing arrays and LISA. We present an analytical framework to evaluate the feasibility of detecting a gravitational wave background, considering measurement noise and the intrinsic variability of the stochastic background. Furthermore, we highlight astrometry's crucial role in uncovering key properties of the gravitational wave background, such as spectral index and chirality, employing information-matrix analysis. Finally, we simulate the emergence of quadrupolar correlations, commonly referred to as the generalized Hellings-Downs curves.
Topological phase transition in compressed van der Waals superlattice heterostructure BiTeCl/HfTe2
Authors: Li 李 Zhilei 志磊 , Li 李 Yinxiang 殷翔 , Wang 王 Yiting 奕婷 , Chen 陈 Wenzhi 文执 , Chen 陈 Bin 斌 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Based on first-principles calculations, we investigate the electronic band structures and topological properties of heterostructure BiTeCl/HfTe2 under c-direction strain. In the primitive structure, this material undergoes a phase transition from an insulator with a narrow indirect gap to a metal by strong spin–orbital coupling. When strain effect is considered, band inversion at time-reversal invariant point Z is responsible for the topological phase transition. These nontrivial topologies are caused by two different types of band crossings. The observable topological surface states in (110) surface also support that this material experiences topological phase transition twice. The layered heterostructure with van der Waals force provides us with a new desirable platform upon which to control topological phase transition and construct topological superconductors.
High-visibility ghost imaging with phase-controlled discrete classical light sources
Authors: Wu 仵 Xueying 雪滢 , Zhao 赵 Yue 岳 , Li 李 Liming 利明 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
We take phase modulation to create discrete phase-controlled sources and realize the super-bunching effect by a phase-correlated method. From theoretical and numerical simulations, we find the space translation invariance of the bunching effect is a key point for the ghost imaging realization. Experimentally, we create the orderly phase-correlated discrete sources which can realize high-visibility second-order ghost imaging than the result with chaotic sources. Moreover, some factors affecting the visibility of ghost image are discussed in detail.
Optimization of pellet design parameters to achieve deep fueling depth in EAST plasma with PAM code
Authors: Zhang Jie , Hou Jilei , Liu Zhuang , Chen Jiale , Huang Jia , Zhuang Ge , Chan Vincent , Nan Kaibo , Zheng Yifeng , Wu Xiaohe , Zhou Yinan , Yolbarsop Adili , Zhou Chengxi , Zhang Qi , Zhang Yunjiao , Qiang Ziwei , Deng Peng , Qiu Meng , Zhang Jingshuo , Pan Di , Dong Qilong , Li Dazheng , Yu Yangdi , Mao Xiaowei , Lan Tao , Liu Zixi , Liu Jian , Liu Adi 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Deep pellet fueling depth is necessary to achieve a high-density high confinement operation and to conduct some pellet-related researches in current devices, such as trigger of internal transport barrier, and to achieve high fusion power and tritium burn-up fraction in future fusion devices. The newly developed PAM code which can make a fast evaluation on pellet ablation and deposition is applied to optimize injection parameters to achieve deep pellet fueling. Systematic scans on pellet injection parameters including pellet injection positions, injection angles, sizes and speeds are performed for optimization purpose, while at the same time demonstrating flexibility and time efficiency of the PAM code. Dependences of the pellet fueling depth on these injection parameters are revealed by simulation results and analyzed. Simulation results indicate that pellet penetration contributes more to the deep pellet deposition than the

∇
B

-induced plasmoid drifts in low temperature plasmas, while deep pellet fueling in reactor relevant high temperature plasmas has to rely on plasmoid drifts. Though a shallow penetration is expected in high temperature plasmas, the

∇
B

-induced plasmoid drift is expected to be larger than that in relatively low temperature plasmas.
Scintillation of Ar/CF4 mixtures: glass-THGEM characterization with 1% CF4 at 1–1.5 bar
Authors: Amedo P. , Hafeji R. , Roberts A. , Lowe A. , Ravinthiran S. , Leardini S. , Majumdar K. , Mavrokoridis K. , González-Díaz D. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Argon gas doped with 1% wavelength-shifter (CF4) has been employed in an optical time projection chamber (OTPC) to image cosmic radiation. We present results obtained during the system commissioning, performed with two stacked glass thick gaseous electron multipliers (THGEMs) and an electron-multiplying charge coupled device (EMCCD camera) at 1 bar. Preliminary estimates indicate that the combined optical gain was of the order of 106 (ph/e), producing sharp and high-contrast raw images without resorting to any filtering or post-processing. A first assessment of the impact of pressurization showed no change in the attainable gains when operating at 1.5 bar.
Comparison of point cloud and image-based models for calorimeter fast simulation
Authors: Torales Acosta Fernando , Mikuni Vinicius , Nachman Benjamin , Arratia Miguel , Karki Bishnu , Milton Ryan , Karande Piyush , Angerami Aaron 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Score based generative models are a new class of generative
models that have been shown to accurately generate high dimensional
calorimeter datasets. Recent advances in generative models have used
images with 3D voxels to represent and model complex calorimeter
showers. Point clouds, however, are likely a more natural
representation of calorimeter showers, particularly in calorimeters
with high granularity. Point clouds preserve all of the information
of the original simulation, more naturally deal with sparse
datasets, and can be implemented with more compact models and data
files. In this work, two state-of-the-art score based models are
trained on the same set of calorimeter simulation and directly
compared.
Promoting tissue repair using deferoxamine nanoparticles loaded biomimetic gelatin/HA composite hydrogel
Authors: Li Jing , Lu Xiang , Weng Mengjia , Wang Yiru , Tang Jun , Xu Qian , Zhang Lei , Bai Jiaojiao 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
To effectively address underlying issues and enhance the healing process of hard-to-treat soft tissue defects, innovative therapeutic approaches are required. One promising strategy involves the incorporation of bioactive substances into biodegradable scaffolds to facilitate synergistic tissue regeneration, particularly in vascular regeneration. In this study, we introduce a composite hydrogel design that mimics the extracellular matrix by covalently combining gelatin and hyaluronic acid (HA), with the encapsulation of deferoxamine nanoparticles (DFO NPs) for potential tissue regeneration applications. Crosslinked hydrogels were fabricated by controlling the ratio of HA in the gelatin-based hydrogels, resulting in improved mechanical properties, enhanced degradation ability, and optimised porosity, compared with hydrogel formed by gelatin alone. The DFO NPs, synthesized using a double emulsion method with poly (D,L-lactide-co-glycolide acid), exhibited a sustained release of DFO over 12 d. Encapsulating the DFO NPs in the hydrogel enabled controlled release over 15 d. The DFO NPs, composite hydrogel, and the DFO NPs loaded hydrogel exhibited excellent cytocompatibility and promoted cell proliferation in vitro. Subcutaneous implantation of the composite hydrogel and the DFO NPs loaded hydrogel demonstrated biodegradability, tissue integration, and no obvious adverse effects, evidenced by histological analysis. Furthermore, the DFO NPs loaded composite hydrogel exhibited accelerated wound closure and promoted neovascularisation and granular formation when tested in an excisional skin wound model in mice. These findings highlight the potential of our composite hydrogel system for promoting the faster healing of diabetes-induced skin wounds and oral lesions through its ability to modulate tissue regeneration processes.
Recent advances in hepatocellular carcinoma-targeted nanoparticles
Authors: Liu Xiaoming , Bai Yaowei , Zhou Binqian , Yao Wei , Song Songlin , Liu Jiacheng , Zheng Chuansheng 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
In the field of medicine, we often brave the unknown like interstellar explorers, especially when confronting the formidable opponent of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The global burden of HCC remains significant, with suboptimal treatment outcomes necessitating the urgent development of novel drugs and treatments. While various treatments for liver cancer, such as immunotherapy and targeted therapy, have emerged in recent years, improving their transport and therapeutic efficiency, controlling their targeting and release, and mitigating their adverse effects remains challenging. However, just as we grope through the darkness, a glimmer of light emerges—nanotechnology. Recently, nanotechnology has attracted attention because it can increase the local drug concentration in tumors, reduce systemic toxicity, and has the potential to enhance the effectiveness of precision therapy for HCC. However, there are also some challenges hindering the clinical translation of drug-loaded nanoparticles (NPs). Just as interstellar explorers must overcome interstellar dust, we too must overcome various obstacles. In future researches, the design and development of nanodelivery systems for novel drugs treating HCC should be the first attention. Moreover, researchers should focus on the active targeting design of various NPs. The combination of the interventional therapies and drug-loaded NPs will greatly advance the process of precision HCC therapy.
Normal quantum channels and Markovian correlated two-qubit quantum errors
Authors: Contreras Reynoso Alejandro , Gorin Thomas 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
We study general ‘normally’ (Gaussian) distributed random unitary transformations. These distributions can be defined in terms of a diffusive random walk in the respective group manifold. On the one hand, a Gaussian distribution induces a unital quantum channel, which we will call ‘normal’. On the other hand, the diffusive random walk defines a unital quantum process, generated by a Lindblad master equation. In the single qubit case, we show different distributions may induce the same quantum channel.
In the case of two qubits, we study normal quantum channels, induced by Gaussian distributions in

SU
(
2
)
⊗
SU
(
2
)

. They provide an appropriate framework for modeling quantum errors with classical correlations. In contrast to correlated Pauli errors, for instance, they conserve their Markovianity, and they lead to very different results in error correcting codes. This is illustrated with an application to entanglement distillation.
Optimal quantum metrology of two-photon absorption
Authors: Karsa Athena , Nair Ranjith , Chia Andy , Lee Kwang-Geol , Lee Changhyoup 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Two-photon absorption (TPA) is a nonlinear optical process with wide-ranging applications from spectroscopy to super-resolution imaging. Despite this, the precise measurement and characterisation of TPA parameters are challenging due to their inherently weak nature. We study the potential of single-mode quantum light to enhance TPA parameter estimation through the quantum Fisher information (QFI). Discrete variable quantum states (defined to be a finite superposition of Fock states) are optimised to maximise the QFI for given absorption, revealing a quantum advantage compared to both the coherent state (classical) benchmark and the single-mode squeezed vacuum state. For fixed average energy

n
¯

∈
2

N

, the Fock state is shown to be optimal for large TPA parameters, while a superposition of vacuum and a particular Fock state is optimal for small absorption for all

n
¯

. This differs from single-photon absorption where the Fock state is always optimal. Notably, photon counting is demonstrated to offer optimal or nearly optimal performance compared to the QFI bound for all levels of TPA parameters for the optimised quantum probes, and their quantum advantage is shown to be robust to single-photon loss. Our findings provide insight into known limiting behaviours of Gaussian probes and their different FI scalings under photon counting (

∝

n
¯

2

for squeezed vacuum states versus

n
¯

3

for coherent states). The squeezed state outperforms coherent states for small TPA parameters but underperforms in the intermediate regime, becoming comparable in the large absorption limit. This can be explained through fundamental differences between behaviours of even and odd number Fock states: the former’s QFI diverges in both large and small absorption limits, while the latter diverges only in the small absorption limit, dominating at intermediate scales.
Resource-efficient quantum principal component analysis
Authors: Wang Youle , Luo Yu 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Principal component analysis (PCA) is an important dimensionality reduction method in machine learning and data analysis. Recently, the quantum version of PCA has been established to diagonalize quantum states. Although these quantum algorithms promise quantum advantages, they require substantial resources beyond the reach of state-of-the-art quantum technologies. This work aims to reduce resource requirements and improve the efficiency of quantum PCA. Assuming that the quantum state is accessed through a purified quantum query model and a sampling model, we propose quantum algorithms that use minimal resource requirements for ancillary qubits to reveal properties of eigenvectors and eigenvalues of a state. In particular, we show that estimating eigenvalue λ with error ε and success probability larger than

λ
(
1
−
η
)

requests a query complexity

O
~

(

ϵ

−
1

)

and a sample complexity

O
~

(

ϵ

−
2

η

−
1

)

, respectively. To our knowledge, our result is the first quantum speedup that achieves asymptotic linear scaling in

1

/

ϵ

for quantum PCA. As applications, we discuss estimating the minimum relative entropy of entanglement of bipartite pure-states and performing quantum state discrimination tasks. We show that quantum speedups are maintained when the pure state has a low Schmidt number and states of discrimination have a low rank. This study opens up a new quantum PCA method for high-dimensional quantum data analysis and discusses its application in quantum information processing tasks.
Unifying quantum verification and error-detection: theory and tools for optimisations
Authors: Kapourniotis Theodoros , Kashefi Elham , Leichtle Dominik , Music Luka , Ollivier Harold 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
With the advent of cloud-based quantum computing, it has become vital to provide strong guarantees that computations delegated by clients to quantum service providers have been executed faithfully. Secure—blind and verifiable—delegated quantum computing (SDQC) has emerged as one of the key approaches to address this challenge, yet current protocols lack at least one of the following three ingredients: composability, noise-robustness and modularity. To tackle this question, our paper lays out the fundamental structure of SDQC protocols, namely mixing two components: the computation which the client would like the server to perform and tests that are designed to detect a server’s malicious behaviour. Using this abstraction, our main technical result is a set of sufficient conditions on these components which imply the security and noise-robustness of generic SDQC protocols in the composable Abstract Cryptography framework. This is done by establishing a correspondence between these security properties and the error-detection capabilities of the test computations. Changing the types of tests and how they are mixed with the client’s computation automatically yields new SDQC protocols with different security and noise-robustness capabilities. This approach thereby provides the desired modularity as our sufficient conditions on test computations simplify the steps required to prove the security of the protocols and allows to focus on the design and optimisation of test rounds to specific situations. We showcase this by systematising the search for improved SDQC protocols for bounded-error quantum polynomial-time (

BQP

) computations. The resulting protocols do not require more hardware on the server’s side than what is necessary to blindly delegate the computation without verification, and they outperform all previously known results.
Application of handheld/portable spectroscopic tools to the identification, inner stratigraphy and mapping of archaeological metal artefacts
Authors: Mattiello Sara , De Pascale Olga , Palleschi Vincenzo , Fiorentino Girolamo , Senesi Giorgio S 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Field handheld/portable instrumentations, such as in-situ geochemical analyzers, have the potential to assist efficiently targeted geochemical archaeometry campaigns in detecting and quantifying specific elements. Non-destructive portable energy dispersive x-ray fluorescence and micro-destructive handheld laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) instrumentation were utilized to investigate the elemental composition, internal stratigraphy by depth profiling and microscale compositional mapping of five copper and two iron alloy artefacts collected from various ancient graves in the Minervino Murge area, Apulia, Italy. The primary elements identified by both techniques included Cu, Sn and Pb in copper alloys, and Fe with minor amounts of Cu and Pb in iron alloys. Furthermore, the elements Al, Ca, Si, Mg, Na and K, mostly originated from soil contamination, and the trace elements Sb, Ni and Zn were detected. The satisfactory performance of both techniques was assessed by their capacity to provide reproducible elemental composition data. Finally, the depth profile and mapping achieved by LIBS contributed to understanding the metal processing and history of the objects studied, so confirming both techniques to be robust analytical tools in outdoor archaeology and archaeometry campaigns.
Speed of sound measurement and mapping in transparent materials by impulsive stimulated Brillouin microscopy
Authors: Le Taoran , Li Jiarui , Wei Haoyun , Li Yan 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Impulsive stimulated Brillouin scattering (ISBS) is a variant of stimulated Brillouin scattering, which can overcome the shortcomings of the long acquisition time of traditional Brillouin microscopy. We introduce the difference between ISBS and other Brillouin microscopies in calculating longitudinal modulus. The Brillouin frequency shift obtained by ISBS is only related to the system parameters and the speed of sound (SOS) in the sample, not to the refractive index. Non-contact SOS measurement of homogeneous samples is an important application of Brillouin scattering, used in the early study of Brillouin spectroscopy and the mechanical properties of liquids. However, the measurement requires prior knowledge of the sample refractive index, which limits the measurement of the unknown refractive index sample. Here, we propose a method to measure the SOS based on ISBS, which in principle avoids the need for refractive index parameters. The SOS of several liquids are measured and compared with the standard values. The mean relative standard deviation is 1.13%. Moreover, we measure the SOS of a mixture of ethanol and water to demonstrate an application of measuring SOS without refractive index information. We also demonstrate the high spatial resolution of ISBS with a methanol-filled PDMS sample.