bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The EMEA ADHES survey in schizophrenia: psychiatrists’ perceptions of the extent of assessment and management of partial and non-adherence to medication
Authors: Naber D. , Alptekin K. , Azorin J.M. , Cañas F. , Dubois V. , Emsley R. , Haddad P. , Gorwood P. , Olivares J.M. , Papageorgiou G. , Roca M. , Thomas P. , Martinez L. , Schreiner A. 
Published: May 2011

IntroductionPartial or non-adherence to medication is high amongst patients with schizophrenia. Rates of non-adherence of up to 72% have being reported depending on the method used and the patient population. Adherence is essential for optimal long-term patient outcomes in schizophrenia and failure to adhere to medication can have a major impact on the course of illness and treatment outcomes.ObjectivesThe objective of the EMEA (Europe, Middle east and Africa) ADHES survey was to collect psychiatrist's perceptions of the assessment, reasons and management of partial and non-adherence to medication.AimsThe aim of this poster is to present psychiatrist's perceptions collected in the EMEA ADHES survey.MethodsThe survey was devised to ascertain psychiatrists’ preferred methods of assessing adherence, their perceptions of the level of adherence, reasons for non-adherence and on strategies to improve adherence.ResultsPsychiatrists estimated that during the previous month more than half of their patients (53%) were partially or non-adherent. They estimated that as few as a third of patients who deteriorated after stopping medication was able to attribute this to their non-adherence. 76% of psychiatrists assessed adherence most frequently by asking their patient explicitly. Use of long-acting treatment was the preferred choice to address adherence problems for 62% of respondents.DiscussionThis EMEA-wide survey illustrates that while respondents recognised the relevance and importance of partial and non-adherence to medication, there remains a need for more proactive management of treatment adherence of patients with schizophrenia to reduce the frequency and consequences of relapse.
Treatment with glutamatergic drugs in the resistant schizophrenia
Authors: Martínez de Velasco Soriano R. , Pando Velasco F. , Serrano Díaz de Otálora M. , Artieda Urrutia P. , Riaza Bermudo-Soriano C. 
Published: May 2011

IntroductionThe neurodevelopmental hypothesis defends the existance of factors that would cause an early impairment on the normal brain development. The neurodegenerative hypothesis proposes the existance of later and progressive pathological phenomena, responsible of the appearance of clinical manifestations and changes on neuroimaging. Both hypotheses would be complementary. Neurodevelopment is completed during adolescence. Within this period, these deficts on executive functions would become apparent, reflecting a neurodevelopmental impairment. Glutamate is the main excitatory neurotransmitter, present throughout the normal postnatal brain development and maduration. In schizophrenic patients and unaffected relatives, a glutamatergic hypofunction has been found and so, an alteration of the dopaminergic mesocortical limbic and nigrostriatal pathways.ObjectivesUsage of molecules that are capable of reversing the glutamatergic hypofunction would be potentially benefitial for either positive or negative symptomathology in schizophrenia.MethodWe have performed a review of several clinical trials (on humans and animals) using glutamatergic drugs alone and combined with neuroleptics to diminish behavioural disturbances related to NMDA blockage.ResultsUsage of glycine binding site agonists (glycine, D- cicloserine, D-serine) has been proposed. D-serine is effective both as monotherapy and combined with neuroleptics. D-cicloserine is not effective on negative symptoms. Usage of high doses of oral glycine (30–60 mg a day) on its own has not shown any clinical change but there is an improvement on negative and positive symptoms if combined with neuroleptics.ConclusionNowadays, there is no glutamatergic agonist used in schizophrenia treatment. Out of the three previously mentioned drugs, only D-serine has shown some efficacy.
Treatment resistant psicosis
Authors: Martínez Manjarrés J.D. , Gallardo Ponce R. , Botillo Martin C. , González Pablos E. 
Published: May 2011

The aim is to charactherize the clinical data: psychopathologic state, pharmacological treatment and sociodemographical data; in a population of long-term institutionalized schizophrenic patients. Treatment resistant patients will be compared to non treatment resistant schizophrenics.The target population is a convenience sample of our institutionalized patients. We chose a total of 60 schizophrenic patients, 100% women, diagnosed following the ICD-10 criteria. Specific survey was applied by the group of investigators: PANSS, Global Assessment Scale (GAS), and Clinical Global Impression (CGI).Statistical analysis was performed with SPSS v 15.0, including descriptive statistics and correlation analysis.Neuroleptic Polipharmacy is the most frequent tretment prescribed, just a 3,7% of the treatment resistant patients is on monotherapy. Despite polipharmacy, patients show a long term acute state.
Differences in quality of life between groups of patients with schizophrenia
Authors: Mas-Expósito L. , Gómez-Benito J. , Amador-Campos J.A. , Lalucat-Jo L. ,   Working Group on Severe Mental Disorder
Published: May 2011

IntroductionStudies about Quality of Life (QOL) in schizophrenia usually involve the validation of questionnaires, the effects of treatments or its association with relevant variables but, so far, the literature about differences in QOL between groups of patients with schizophrenia is scarce.Objectives and aimsThis work aims to show differences in QOL between groups of patients with schizophrenia defined according to socio-demographic, clinical, psychosocial and use of services variables.MethodThe sample comprised 241 patients that meet the following inclusion criteria: 1) International Classification of Diseases-10 diagnosis of schizophrenia, 2) Global Assessment Functioning scores or GAF ≤ 50 and 3) Illness duration greater than 2 years. Patients were evaluated regarding socio-demographic, clinical, psychosocial and use of service variables. T-tests and analysis of variance tests were used.ResultsThere were no differences in QOL between groups of patients with schizophrenia established according to socio-demographic variables. There were significant differences in QOL between groups of patients with schizophrenia defined according to clinical, psychosocial and use of service variables. Patients with schizophrenia who were anxious, disabled, lacked social support and used more social services showed poorer levels of QOL.ConclusionsOur results are consistent with previous studies that support that, in patients with schizophrenia, the association between socio-demographic characteristics and QOL cannot be considered significant and that QOL is associated with disability, social support, psychiatric symptoms and care needs. This work highlight differences between groups of patients with schizophrenia, which may be a useful information to tailor interventions to this sample population.
Side effects of treatment and quality of life among patients with schizophrenia
Authors: Ben Thabet J. , Feki I. , Sallemi R. , Masmoudi J. , Zouari L. , Zouari N. , Maâlej M. 
Published: May 2011

The aim of our study was to assess the treatment side effects and their implications on quality of life in a population of schizophrenic patients.We included 50 patients with schizophrenia treated at Hthe psychiatry department of the university hospital in Sfax (Tunisia). We used the PANSS, the UKU side effect rating scale and the SF-36 to assess, respectively, the severity of disease, the treatment side effects and the quality of life. The statistical analysis was carried out by software SPSS.The assessment of quality of life revealed a global average score of 59.11 and an alteration in 54% of patients. Impaired quality of life was significantly correlated with irregular follow-up (p = 0.02), bad treatment compliance (p = 0.016) and polytherapy (p = 0.024). The presence of side effects which affect either moderately or severely daily activity was significantly correlated with impaired quality of life (p = 0.007). The presence of side effects was correlated in a significant way with altered quality of life (p = 0,007).Our study showed a relatively high frequency of side effects of treatment in patients with schizophrenia. They were correlated with impaired quality of life. They are also factors of bad compliance. Reduction and prevention of side effects requires the use of atypical antipsychotics which are better tolerated and more active on negative symptoms. However, they pose the problem of high costs. But it must be noted here that the overall cost of disease is higher with conventional antipsychotics than with atypical ones.
Patients’ attitudes to antipsychotic depot medication
Authors: Mnif L. , Masmoudi J. , Baâti I. , Masmoudi R. , Damak R. , Jaoua A. 
Published: May 2011

IntroductionThe advantages of conventional depots (CDs) in treating schizophrenia have been demonstrated in several studies. Indeed, the use of CDs continues to have a great importance in our psychiatric sectors due to the unavailability of atypical depot formulations.ObjectiveThe aim of this work was to assess the perspectives of patients with schizophrenia towards CDs.MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional survey using fifty schizophrenic/schizoaffective outpatients treated by CDs for at least 3 months. The questionnaire included sociodemographic data, data concerning the disease and perspectives of CDs.Results80% of the patients were males. The mean age was 30.7 years. 40% were married and 70% unemployed.76% were diagnosed as schizophrenic patients (58% undifferentiated, 18% disorganized) and 24% as schizoaffective patients. The average duration of the disease was 15.5 years. The time of the last hospitalization went back to 10.1 years on average.For all the patients, the initiative of CDs’ prescription was taken by the psychiatrist by reason of the poor adherence (72%) and the inefficiency of the previous treatment (38%). 80% of the patients preferred CDs to oral neuroleptics because the former:
-allowed avoidance of oblivion (70%),-were more effective (60%),-made relapses less frequent (50%),-ensured distant intakes of treatment (50%),-were better tolerated (40%),-improved patient's autonomy (32.5%).ConclusionThe patients in our study have high regard for CDs, which explains their adherence success.Their autonomy and their tolerance of neuroleptics might be improved by using atypical depot formulations.
Schizophrenia -end of classical dopamine theory? what” s next?
Authors: Mititelu A. 
Published: May 2011

IntroductionSchizophrenia (SZ) remains the most challenging psychiatric pathology at moment despite huge efforts made with the scope to achieve a clear better understanding of its etiology and pathophysiology. at least 1% of world populations suffers from this disease.ObjectiveAn avalanche of recent studies reveals the massive importance of glutamate abnormalities which appear in the debut phases and contribute essentially to the further development of severe symptoms. Old, classical and peculiar dopamine hypothesis starts day by day to become less feasible.AimsBased on a better understanding will be more efficient to develop more efficient therapeutic products. Based on more accuracy and real understanding of GABA and Glutamate roles in the pathophysiology of SZ is possible for staring more efficient therapiesMethodsIn this sense we realised a thematical research study from vast bibliographical resources.between 2000–2009 all basic research and clinic-pathological studies, indexed on Pubmed, Medline and Wiley Science Library had been reviewed.ResultsSimple mechanical appreciation shows, unfortunately, that at moment dopamine theory still dominates the etio-pathology of this major psychiatric syndrome. In fact dopamine variations are secondary to glutamate dysfunctions. We don’t need to forget that most of actual treatments-second generation of antipsychotics- had been produced on basis of dopamine hyperfunction theory. The importance of glutamate and GABA deficiencies, which offer a more clear and logical explanation of pathology seen in SZ, cannot be considered as secondary to hypodopaminergic frontality or to hyperdopaminergic inputs from nucleus accumbens.
Quality of life and burden on caregivers of chronic psychotic patient: Analysys and correlation with psycopathology
Authors: Monteiro D.P.E. , Freitas T.H. , Clemente C.M. , Pinto J.P. 
Published: May 2011

ObjectivesTo evaluate the subjective impact on quality of life and burden of caregivers of chronic psychotic patients and correlate with the impact that the type of patient’s symptoms according to PANSS (negative, positive, mixed or none).MethodsWe used the Caregiver's Burden scale to measure quality of life and subjective burden of caregivers of chronic psychotic patients followed up by the Psychotic Disorders Clinic of the Hospital Mental Health Messejana, in Fortaleza, Ceará, and the PANSS for the patients of the relatated caregiver. Then we correlated the data in order to observe whether the patient’s symptoms interfere with the quality of life and the burden of the caregivers.ResultsWe observed that most caregivers were women, mothers of patients who had incomplete primary schooling, married, with incomes between one and two minimum wages. In most cases also with incomplete primary degree and mean disease duration was 16.51 (± 9.64) years. We found that higher scores on scales of positive and PANSS general psychopathology in the patient, the worse the quality of life and caregiver burden. In this sample, negative symptoms measured by the PANSS negative scale does not seem to interfere with quality of life and caregiver burden.OuvirLer foneticamente Dicionário - Ver dicionário detalhadoConclusionDemographic data did not affect the quality of life of caregivers; the main factors that contributed to a poorer quality of life and caregiver's burden were high scores in positive and general psychopathology of PANSS.
Short Message Service (SMS)-based strategy to improve antipsychotic adherence in schizophrenia
Authors: Montes J.M. , Gómez Beneyto M. , Tesoro A. , Díez T. , Maurino J. 
Published: May 2011

ObjectivePoor adherence to antipsychotic treatment is a well-recognized challenge among patients with schizophrenia and is associated with increased morbidity and consumption of health care resources.We evaluated the effect of daily Short Message Service (SMS) reminders on patients’ adherence to antipsychotic medication in schizophrenia.MethodsClinically stabilized outpatients with schizophrenia and considered to be poor adherent (at least one affirmative answer of Morisky-Green questionnaire -MAQ) to antipsychotic monotherapy were included in a multicenter, randomized, open-label, controlled trial. Participants were randomized to receive a daily SMS reminder on their cell phone to take their medication during 3 months or current standard of care. The primary outcome measure was improvement in adherence rate (mean MAQ score) after 3 months.Results254 patients were analysed, 66.5% men. Mean age: 39.7 years (SD = 11.03). Baseline socio-demographic and clinical characteristics were similar between the two groups. No significant differences in baseline mean MAQ scores were observed between groups (2.23, SD = 0.94 and 2.23, SD = 0.85, respectively).At month 3, mean MAQ score in the intervention group was 1.2 and 1.53 in the control group. Absolute difference in mean adherence rate between groups was −0.33 (95%CI −0.62, −0.03; p = 0.03). Largest change from baseline was observed in question 4 of the questionnaire “When you feel better, do you sometimes stop taking your medicine?” (percentage of affirmative answers in the SMS group vs control was 45% and 59%, respectively, p = 0.02).ConclusionsSMS reminders, added to standard interventions for schizophrenia management, may help many patients to improve adherence to antipsychotic medication.
Is attention related with pathological personality in siblings of psychotic patients?
Authors: Moreno L. , Valero J. , Gaviria A.M. , Labad A. 
Published: May 2011

IntroductionImpaired sustained and selective attention have been seen as vulnerability factors to psychotic disorders. Relatives of psychotic patients are a risk population for psychosis, and previous studies have shown that they displayed more attentional deficits compared with healthy controls. Additionally, relatives have more pathological personality and schizotypy, the least considered also to be the expression of the genetic vulnerability to schizophrenia. There are few studies that relate attention to personality factors in relatives of psychotic patients.AimsTo compare attentional performance of siblings of psychotic patients with those of healthy controls, taking into account their pathological and schizotypal personality.MethodsThe Spanish version of the SPQ and the DAPP-BQ were administered to a sample of 51 subjects that were divided into four groups by a hierarchical cluster analysis: siblings with high pathological personality (SHPP), siblings with low pathological personality (SLPP), controls with high pathological personality (CHPP), and controls with low pathological personality (CLPP). In all the subjects we assessed a sustained attention index (SUA) and a selective attention index (SEA). We compared the performance of the four groups on these attentional indexes.ResultsWe found that SHPP had worse performance on sustained attention compared with CLPP. Specifically this difference was in the reaction time item of the SUA.ConclusionsThe high schizotypy and pathological personality had an influence on sustained attentional performance in the siblings of patients with psychosis, but not in the healthy controls.
Conceptual disorganisation in paranoid schizophrenia inpatients and blood melatonin levels
Authors: Morera-Fumero A.L. , Diaz-Mesa E. , Abreu-Gonzalez P. , Jimenez-Sosa A. , Henry-Benitez M. , Gracia-Marco R. 
Published: May 2011

ObjectivesThe aim of this research is to study whether serum melatonin level is related with positive psychopathology in a sample of paranoid schizophrenia patients.Methods32 acutely paranoid schizophrenia patients admitted to the psychiatric ward of the University Hospital of the Canary Islands took part in the study. All patients met DSM-IV criteria for paranoid schizophrenia. 22 were males and 9 females. The mean age was 36.7 ± 10.3 (standard deviation). Blood was sampled by venipuncture at 12:00 and 24:00 hours after having rested in bed one hour. This was done to avoid the body postural effect on melatonin levels. Blood extractions were carried out during the first 48 hours after admission. Psychopathology was assessed by the positive subscale of the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS). Melatonin serum levels were measured by ELISA techniques. Pearson correlations between melatonin serum levels and PANSS positive scores at 24:00 and 12:00 hours at admission and discharge were carried out.ResultsThe only significant correlation, with a positive sign, was the item Conceptual Disorganisation (P2) with serum melatonin at 24:00 h (r = 0.355, p < 0.046).ConclusionsSerum melatonin levels may be used as a biological marker of conceptual disorganisation in paranoid schizophrenia inpatients.AcknowledgementThis study was partly supported by a grant (PI: 08/115) of the Fundacion Canaria de Investigacion y Salud (FUNCIS).
Improvement of positive and negative symptoms in patients with schizophrenia, under risperidone long acting injection (RLAI) treatment
Authors: Moruzzi E. 
Published: May 2011

IntroductionEarly treatment intervention and prevention may minimize the morbidity and persistent disability caused by schizophrenia that occurs over patients’ lifetimes.Atypical antipsychotics with improved tolerability and less likely to cause movement disorders and secondary negative symptoms, are generally used as first line therapy.Risperidone long acting injection (RLAI) is currently the only available long acting atypical antipsychotic, combining the better tolerability of an atypical with the benefits of injectable delivery.ObjectiveTo assess the maintained efficacy and safety of risperidone long acting injection after a direct treatment change from any antipsychotic medication in patients with schizophrenia.MethodsAdults with schizophrenia received injections of long acting risperidone 25, 37.5, 50 mg in 14 days interval for 6 months.Efficacy was measured by:.PANSS (Positive and negative symptoms scale).CGI-S (Clinical Global Impression- Severity).GAF (Global Assessment Functioning)Tolerability was measured with TEAE (Treatments emergent adverse events)ResultsIn this study, negative and positive symptoms were significantly improved. Clinical deterioration was substantially ameliorated between baseline and endpoint. Compared to baseline there were significant decreases in the occurrence of suicidal ideation and violent behaviour. Also, the treatment showed good safety and tolerability.ConclusionsRLAI treatment was associated with a very good efficacy, tolerability, and an excellent improvement of functionality.
Association of deficits in smell identification, social and basic cognition in patients with schizophrenia-spectrum disorders, their first-degree relatives and matched healthy controls
Authors: Mossaheb N. , Schloegelhofer M. , Kaufmann R.M. , Aninilkumparambil T. , Gold A. , Himmelbauer C. , Inreiter S. , Schlehaider L. , Hoffmann H. , Aschauer H.N. 
Published: May 2011

IntroductionAssociations between smell identification deficits (SID) and impairments in basic cognitive domains have been shown in patients with neuropsychiatric disorders.ObjectivesWe analyzed social and basic cognitive deficits and SID.AimsTo assess differences in affective decision making tasks in patients with schizophrenia-spectrum disorders, their 1st degree relatives and healthy controls. Methods: We examined 51 patients with schizophrenia-spectrum disorders (49% female, age 33.1 years, SD 11), 21 first-degree relatives (61.9% female, age 49.5 years, SD 17.6, one affected, others non-affected) and 51 matched healthy controls (49% female, age 33 years, SD 12.1). Psychopathology was evaluated using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS). Subjects were administered the University of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test (UPSIT), the Facially Expressed Emotion Labelling (FEEL) test, the spatial span subtest of the Wechsler Memory Scale-Revised (WMS-R) and the Mehrfachwahl-Wortschatz Test (MWT-B).ResultsPatients, controls and 1st degree relatives differed in age (p = 0.000), WMS-R (p = 0.000) and FEEL scores (p = 0.007). In healthy controls, patients and 1st degree relatives FEEL correlated with age (p = 0.005, p = 0.003, p = 0.004, respectively). In patients FEEL also correlated with MWT-B (p = 0.000), UPSIT (p = 0.000) and PANSS negative scores (p = 0.016); furthermore, UPSIT correlated with MWT-B (p = 0.001). In 1st degree relatives age correlated with WMS-R (p = 0.04) and FEEL (p = 0.004), both of which inter-correlated (p = 0.006).ConclusionWe found that SID, basic and social cognition, i.e. affective decision-making processes, inter-correlate in patients with schizophrenia-spectrum disorders and are partly under the influence of negative symptoms. Some of these relationships can also be seen in 1st degree relatives of patients.