bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
New Capitalism, Risk, and Subjectification in an Early Childhood Classroom
Authors: Bialostok Steve , Kamberelis George 
Published: September 2010

‘New capitalism’ has been characterized as an economic period in which insecurity, flux, and uncertainty exist in the workplace. Capitalism attempts to tame that uncertainty through risk taking. Taking risks has become what one must do with risk. Economic discourses of embracing risk — thoroughly grounded in the ideologies of neoliberalism — are widely distributed into many non-economic areas, including education. Risk taking is now understood as something everyone should valorize, a necessity for freedom and choice. Such discourses are appropriated and recontextualized into different domains, including the everyday interactions between young children and teachers. In this study the authors examine the discourse of a writing lesson taught by one early childhood teacher, focusing on how she used language to promote/produce her students as risk-takers. The authors argue that this teacher's attempt to promote/produce risk-takers belied her commitment to neoliberal ideologies and new modes of capitalism. They also argue that her efforts were dampened by tensions that she also seemed to embody/live — tensions between old and new forms of capitalism, between modernist and postmodernist notions of agency, between safety and risk, and between freedom and control. The outcomes of her work thus seemed to embody tensions in how her students came to understand choice, risk, and freedom. It is no coincidence that free-market economies, which encourage personal risk taking, have outlived centrally planned ones, which do not. ( The Economist, 1994) Steve: A person who takes risks — what kind of person do you think that person is? Jackie (age 10): A good person.
Dose-Dependent Delay of the Hypoglycemic Effect of Short-Acting Insulin Analogs in Obese Subjects With Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Gagnon-Auger Maude , du Souich Patrick , Baillargeon Jean-Patrice , Martin Elisabeth , Brassard Pascal , Ménard Julie , Ardilouze Jean-Luc 
Published: September 2010

OBJECTIVE
Injected volume and subcutaneous adipose tissue blood flow (ATBF) affect insulin absorption. Pharmacokinetics of short-acting insulin analogs were established by assessing injection of small doses in lean subjects, healthy or with type 1 diabetes. In obese patients, however, daily dosages are larger and ATBF is decreased. This study assessed the kinetics of a short-acting insulin analog in obese subjects with type 2 diabetes.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
Euglycemic clamps after subcutaneous lispro injections were performed. Six healthy control subjects received 10 units. Seven obese (BMI 38.3 ± 7.0 kg/m2) subjects with type 2 diabetes received 10, 30, and 50 units. Plasma lispro was measured by specific radioimmunoassay and ATBF by the 133Xe-washout technique.

RESULTS
ATBF was 64% lower in subjects with type 2 diabetes than in control subjects. After 10 units injection, time to lispro plasma peak (Tmax) was similar (48.3 vs. 55.7 min; control subjects versus type 2 diabetic subjects), although maximal concentration (Cmax)/dose was 41% lower in subjects with type 2 diabetes, with lower and delayed maximal glucose infusion rate (GIRmax: 9.0 vs. 0.6 mg/kg/min, P &lt; 0.0001, 69 vs. 130 min, P &lt; 0.0001, respectively). After 30- and 50-unit injections, Tmax (88.6 and 130.0 min, respectively) and time to GIRmax (175 and 245 min) were further delayed and dose related (r2 = 0.51, P = 0.0004 and r2 = 0.76, P &lt; 0.0001, respectively).

CONCLUSIONS
Absorption and hypoglycemic action of increasing dosages of lispro are critically delayed in obese subjects with type 2 diabetes.
Effect of PaCO2 and PaO2 on Lidocaine and Articaine Toxicity
Authors: Barcelos K. C. , Furtado D. P. , Ramacciato J. C. , Cabral A. M. , Haas D. A. 
Published: September 2010

Abstract
Alterations in arterial PaCO2 can influence local anesthetic toxicity. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of stress-induced changes in PaCO2 and PaO2 on the seizure threshold of lidocaine and articaine. Lidocaine (2% with 1 ∶ 100,000 epinephrine) or articaine (4% with 1 ∶ 100,000 epinephrine) was administered intravenously under rest or stress conditions to 36 rats separated into 4 groups. Propranolol and prazosin were administered preoperatively to minimize cardiovascular effects of epinephrine. Mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR), and arterial pH, PaCO2, and PaO2 were measured. Results showed no differences in MAP, HR, or pH. Stress significantly increased the latency period for the first tonic-clonic seizure induced by a toxic dose of both lidocaine and articaine (P < .05). Seizures were brought on more rapidly by articaine. No significant difference between toxic doses of lidocaine and articaine was noted. Stress raised the seizure threshold dose for both drugs and significantly (P < .01) increased arterial PaO2 from 94.0 ± 1.90 mm Hg to 113.0 ± 2.20 mm Hg, and reduced PaCO2 from 36.0 ± 0.77 mm Hg to 27.0 ± 0.98 mm Hg. In conclusion, reduction in PaCO2 and/or increase in PaO2 raised the seizure threshold of lidocaine and articaine. This study also confirmed that lidocaine and articaine have equipotent central nervous system toxicity.
Application of Gum Elastic Bougie to Nasal Intubation
Authors: Arisaka Hirofumi , Sakuraba Shigeki , Furuya Munetaka , Higuchi Kazutoshi , Yui Hitoshi , Kiyama Shuya , Yoshida Kazu-ichi 
Published: September 2010

Abstract
Gum elastic bougie (GEB), a useful device for difficult airway management, has seldom been used for nasotracheal intubation. Among 632 patients undergoing dental procedures or oral surgery, GEB was used successfully in 16 patients in whom conventional nasal intubation had failed because of anatomical problems or maldirection of the tip of the tracheal tube. We recommend that GEB should be applied from the first attempt for nasal intubation in patients with difficult airways.
Rabies surveillance in the United States during 2009
Authors: Blanton Jesse D. , Palmer Dustyn , Rupprecht Charles E. 
Published: September 2010

Abstract
Summary—During 2009, 49 states and Puerto Rico reported 6,690 rabid animals and 4 human rabies cases to the CDC, representing a 2.2% decrease from the 6,841 rabid animals and 2 human cases reported in 2008. Approximately 92% of reported rabid animals were wildlife. Relative contributions by the major animal groups were as follows: 2,327 (34.8%) raccoons, 1,625 (24.3%) bats, 1,603 (24.0%) skunks, 504 (75%) foxes, 300 (4.5%) cats, 81 (1.2%) dogs, and 74 (1.1%) cattle. Compared with 2008, numbers of rabid raccoons and bats that were reported decreased, whereas numbers of rabid skunks, foxes, cats, cattle, dogs, and horses that were reported increased.
Fewer rabid raccoons, compared with 2008, were reported by 12 of the 20 eastern states where raccoon rabies is enzootic, and number of rabid raccoons decreased by 2.6% overall nationally. Despite a 10% decrease in the number of rabid bats that were reported and a decrease in the total number of bats submitted for testing, bats were the second most commonly submitted animal, behind cats, during 2009. The number of rabid skunks that were reported increased by 0.9% overall. The proportion of rabid skunks in which infection was attributed to the raccoon rabies virus variant decreased from 473% in 2008 to 40.9% in 2009, resulting in a 12.7% increase in the number of rabid skunks infected with a skunk rabies virus variant. The number of rabid foxes increased 11.0% overall from the previous year.
Four cases of rabies involving humans were reported from Texas, Indiana, Virginia, and Michigan. The Texas case represented the first presumptive abortive human rabies case, with the patient recovering after the onset of symptoms without intensive care. The Indiana and Michigan cases were associated with bat rabies virus variants. The human rabies case in Virginia was associated with a canine rabies virus variant acquired during the patient's travel to India.
Evaluation of the association between plasma concentration of N-terminal proatrial natriuretic peptide and outcome in cats with cardiomyopathy
Authors: Zimmering Tanja M. , Hungerbühler Stephan , Meneses Felix , Nolte Ingo , Simon Daniela 
Published: September 2010

Abstract
Objective—To determine whether plasma N-terminal proatrial natriuretic peptide (NT-proANP) concentration could predict the outcome (survival duration) of cats with cardiomyopathy (CM).
Design—Case-control study.
Animals—51 cats with CM (25 with and 26 without congestive heart failure [CHF]) and 17 healthy cats.
Procedures—Cats were thoroughly examined and assigned to 1 of 3 groups (control, CM with CHF, and CM alone). Plasma NT-proANP concentrations were measured by use of a human proANP(1-98) ELISA. Survival durations were compared between CM groups.
Results—Plasma NT-proANP concentrations differed significantly among the 3 groups, and survival durations differed significantly between the 2 CM groups. Median (range) NT-proANP concentration was 413 fmol/mL (52 to 940 fmol/mL) in the control group, 1,254 fmol/mL (167 to 2,818 fmol/mL) in the CM alone group, and 3,208 fmol/mL (1,189 to 15,462 fmol/mL) in the CM with CHF group. At a cutoff of 517 fmol/mL, NT-proANP concentration had a sensitivity of 90% and specificity of 82% for detecting CM. Multivariate analysis revealed that only the variable left atrium-to-aortic diameter ratio was a significant predictor of survival duration.
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Plasma NT-proANP concentration may have potential as a testing marker for distinguishing healthy cats from cats with CM. It may also be useful for distinguishing CM cats with CHF from those without CHF The value of NT-proANP concentration as a predictor of survival duration was not supported in this study and requires further evaluation. (J Am Vet Med Assoc 2010;237:665-672)
Clinical signs and neuropathologic abnormalities in working Australian Kelpies with globoid cell leukodystrophy (Krabbe disease)
Authors: Fletcher Jessica L. , Williamson Peter , Horan David , Taylor Rosanne M. 
Published: September 2010

Abstract
Objective—To characterize the clinical signs of globoid cell leukodystrophy (GLD) in Australian Kelpies from a working line (AWKs) and determine whether an association existed between these signs and degrees of demyelination and inflammatory responses in affected brains.
Design—Case-control study.
Animals—4 AWKs with GLD (cases) and 7 unaffected young adult dogs of mixed breeding (controls).
Procedures—Clinical records were reviewed for information on signalment, and samples of neurologic tissues underwent histological processing, immunohistochemical staining, and image analysis. Findings were compared between case and control dogs.
Results—The 4 affected AWKs had progressive ataxia, tremors, and paresis and low leukocyte activity of galactosylceramidase, the lysosomal enzyme deficient in GLD. Image analysis of neurologic tissue revealed globoid cells characteristic of GLD and substantial demyelination in the peripheral and central nervous systems, relative to that in neurologic tissue from control dogs. This was accompanied by microglial activation, reactive astrocyto-sis, and axonal spheroid formation.
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—The demyelination, inflammatory responses, and axo-nal spheroids evident in the AWKs were consistent with the clinical signs of peripheral nerve, spinal cord, and cerebellar dysfunction. Because GLD is an autosomal recessive inherited disease, with considerable overlap in galactosylceramidase activity existing among heterozygotes and noncarriers, development of a molecular test is important for preventing the perpetuation of this disease in the Australian Kelpie breed. (J Am Vet Med Assoc 2010;237:682-688)
Układ Sterowania Bombą Lotniczą
Authors: Szklarski Adrian 
Published: September 2010

Układ Sterowania Bombą LotnicząW artykule przedstawiony został model sterowania aerodynamicznego bombą. Do symulacji przyjęto ogólny model bomby lotniczej. Założenie to pozwala na zbudowanie uniwersalnego układu sterowania, który można zaimplementować do dowolnego rodzaju bomby sterowanej aerodynamicznie. Ważnym elementem adaptacji układu do bomby jest określenie jej wymiarów geometrycznych, z których za pomocą metod numerycznych lub doświadczalnych należy określić współczynniki aerodynamiczne. Sterowanie bombą po zadanym torze lotu jest korygowane i kontrolowane przez INS/GPS.
Application of the Strip Yield Model to Crack Growth Predictions for Structural Steel
Authors: Skorupa Małgorzata , Machniewicz Tomasz 
Published: September 2010

Application of the Strip Yield Model to Crack Growth Predictions for Structural SteelA strip yield model implementation by the present authors is applied to predict fatigue crack growth observed in structural steel specimens under various constant and variable amplitude loading conditions. Attention is paid to the model calibration using the constraint factors in view of the dependence of both the crack closure mechanism and the material stress-strain response on the load history. Prediction capabilities of the model are considered in the context of the incompatibility between the crack growth resistance for constant and variable amplitude loading.
Prediction of Helicopter H-V Zone and Cueing the Emergency Maneuver After Power Loss
Authors: Stanisławski Jarosław 
Published: September 2010

Prediction of Helicopter H-V Zone and Cueing the Emergency Maneuver After Power Loss
The paper presents the results of simulation method for prediction of helicopter H-V zone envelope in the case of engine power loss. Depending on the loss rate of available power, the emergency maneuver for flight continuation is calculated, or the autorotation landing is predicted. The realization of an airborne device with in-built calculating procedure and graphic presentation of H-V zone predicted limits can improve safety level of helicopter flight, and can cue the pilot to make proper decision in emergency conditions. The results of emergency maneuver simulation were verified by comparing them with flight tests of Mi-2Plus helicopter for partial power unit failure, and with records of SW-4 helicopter autorotation landing. The operation of measurement-recording module, which consists of GPS receiver, inertial measurement unit and a computer of PC-104 standard, was checked during flight tests of a radio-controlled helicopter model.
Thoracic Kyphosis Affects Spinal Loads and Trunk Muscle Force
Authors: Briggs Andrew M , van Dieën Jaap H , Wrigley Tim V , Greig Alison M , Phillips Bev , Lo Sing Kai , Bennell Kim L 
Published: September 2010

Background and Purpose
Patients with increased thoracic curvature often come to physical therapists for management of spinal pain and disorders. Although treatment approaches are aimed at normalizing or minimizing progression of kyphosis, the biomechanical rationales remain unsubstantiated.

Subjects
Forty-four subjects (mean age [±SD]=62.3±7.1 years) were dichotomized into high kyphosis and low kyphosis groups.

Methods
Lateral standing radiographs and photographs were captured and then digitized. These data were input into biomechanical models to estimate net segmental loading from T2–L5 as well as trunk muscle forces.

Results
The high kyphosis group demonstrated significantly greater normalized flexion moments and net compression and shear forces. Trunk muscle forces also were significantly greater in the high kyphosis group. A strong relationship existed between thoracic curvature and net segmental loads (r =.85–.93) and between thoracic curvature and muscle forces (r =.70–.82).

Discussion and Conclusion
This study provides biomechanical evidence that increases in thoracic kyphosis are associated with significantly higher multisegmental spinal loads and trunk muscle forces in upright stance. These factors are likely to accelerate degenerative processes in spinal motion segments and contribute to the development of dysfunction and pain.
Determinants of Satisfaction With Community Reintegration in Older Adults With Chronic Stroke: Role of Balance Self-Efficacy
Authors: Pang Marco YC , Eng Janice J , Miller William C 
Published: September 2010

Background and PurposeMany people with stroke have a low level of satisfaction with community reintegration. Although previous studies focused on the effect of physical factors on community reintegration, the effect of psychological factors, such as balance self-efficacy, has been ignored. The purpose of this study was to determine the contribution of balance self-efficacy to satisfaction with community reintegration in older adults with chronic stroke.SubjectsA sample of 63 community-dwelling older adults (50 years of age or older) with chronic stroke (onset of 1 year or more) participated in this study.MethodsThis study involved a secondary analysis of data collected from a stroke exercise clinical trial. Satisfaction with community reintegration was measured with the Reintegration to Normal Living (RNL) Index, and balance self-efficacy was measured with the Activities-specific Balance Confidence (ABC) Scale.ResultsBivariate correlation analyses showed that the RNL Index scores were moderately correlated with the ABC Scale scores. In a multiple regression analysis, after adjusting for age, sex, depression, and other impairments after stroke, balance self-efficacy remained independently associated with the RNL Index scores, accounting for 6.5% of the variance in the RNL Index scores.Discussion and ConclusionBalance self-efficacy is an independent predictor of satisfaction with community reintegration in older adults with chronic stroke. Improving balance self-efficacy may be instrumental in enhancing community reintegration in this population.
State-of-the-Science on Postacute Rehabilitation: Setting a Research Agenda and Developing an Evidence Base for Practice and Public Policy—An Introduction
Authors: Heinemann Allen W 
Published: September 2010

The Rehabilitation Research and Training Center on Measuring Rehabilitation Outcomes and Effectiveness, along with academic, professional, provider, accreditor, and other organizations, sponsored a 2-day State-of-the-Science of Post-Acute Rehabilitation Symposium in February 2007. The aim of this symposium was to serve as a catalyst for expanded research on postacute care (PAC) rehabilitation so that health policy is founded on a solid evidence base. The goals were: (1) to describe the state of our knowledge regarding utilization, organization, and outcomes of postacute rehabilitation settings, (2) to identify methodologic and measurement challenges to conducting research, (3) to foster the exchange of ideas among researchers, policymakers, industry representatives, funding agency staff, consumers, and advocacy groups, and (4) to identify critical issues related to setting, delivery, payment, and effectiveness of rehabilitation services. Plenary presentation and state-of-the-science summaries were organized around 4 themes: (1) the need for improved measurement of key rehabilitation variables and methods to collect and analyze this information, (2) factors that influence access to postacute rehabilitation care, (3) similarities and differences in quality and quantity of services across PAC settings, and (4) effectiveness of postacute rehabilitation services. The full set of symposium articles, including recommendations for future research, appear in Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation.

Key Words
Health policy, Outcome and process assessment (health care), Outcomes research, Rehabilitation.
© 2007 American Physical Therapy Association and the American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine and American Academy of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation. By prior agreement, this document also appears in American Journal of Occupational Therapy, American Journal of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology, Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Assistive Technology, Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation, Journal of Neuroengineering and Rehabilitation, Journal of Spinal Cord Medicine, OTJR: Occupation, Participation and Health, and Topics in Stroke Rehabilitation.
Current Practice of Pre-emptive Analgesic and its Effects on Postoperative Pain Control
Authors: Alam Shoheli , Waliullah Abu Seleh Md , Samsuddin AKM 
Published: September 2010

Pre-emptive analgesic is regularly practiced as a part of well defined protocol in most of the tertiary hospitals in developed countries. In our country most of the hospitals do not practice this. But few centers practice it irregularly without following any defined protocol. Keeping this in mind our present study was carried out to find the current practice of pre-emptive analgesic and its effects on postoperative pain control. It was a cross-sectional study for 2 years. Sample size was 90; with a mean age of 8.7 years. Patients were selected from the department of paediatric surgery of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka, Bangladesh Institute of Child Health, Dhaka and Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Dhaka. Observation were made on pre-emptive analgesic practice regarding the agents used for analgesia, route of administration and time of administration in relation to surgery. Postoperative pain was measured on the first postoperative day by Visual Analogue Scale and was graded. Only 17 (18.9%) patients received pre-emptive analgesic and others 73 (81.1%) did not receive any pre-emptive analgesic. Among them 12 patients received local infiltration and 5 patients received caudal block. Mean value of pain score who received pre-emptive analgesic was 49.7mm on the first postoperative day and which was "moderate" grade of pain. Mean value of pain score who did not receive pre-emptive analgesic was 67.0 mm on the first postoperative day and which was "moderate" grade of pain. Postoperative pain control was relatively better in those patients who received pre-emptive analgesic. But further study should be carried out with large number of patients in different centers by using different drugs to develop a protocol for effective postoperative analgesia. Key words: Present; Pre-emptive analgesic; Postoperative pain control. DOI: 10.3329/bjch.v31i1.6067 Bangladesh Journal of Child Health 2007; Vol.31(1-3): 8-11
En Coup de Sabre Scleroderma and Parry-Romberg Syndrome in Adolescents: Surgical Options and Patient-related Outcomes
Authors: PALMERO MARIA LOURDES H. , UZIEL YOSEF , LAXER RONALD M. , FORREST CHRISTOPHER R. , POPE ELENA 
Published: September 2010

Objective.There is little information regarding surgical options and outcomes in patients with facial localized scleroderma. We evaluated the surgical outcomes of procedures performed for linear scleroderma of the face in the pediatric age group; and assessed psychosocial effects of surgical interventions on the affected children.Methods.A retrospective chart review was performed of children with en coup de sabre scleroderma (ECDS) and Parry-Romberg syndrome (PRS) who underwent surgical intervention; this included demographic data, clinical features, and type of surgical interventions. A questionnaire of 13 questions covering 4 domains (physical, emotional, social, and symptoms) was sent to patients who consented to take part in the survey. Surgical treatments and outcomes were analyzed retrospectively.Results.Seventeen patients underwent surgical intervention (autologous fat injections, Medpor implants, bone paste cranioplasty, and free groin flap) to correct facial asymmetry. Ten patients answered the questionnaire (58.8% response rate). Unhappiness with their appearance, loss of confidence, and bullying were cited as reasons for surgery. The appearance subscale of the survey demonstrated the lowest standardized scores and greatest negative effect on the patients’ quality of life compared to the 3 other subscales. All subjects would consider another surgery and would recommend surgery to other patients with ECDS and PRS.Conclusion.Surgical treatment is a potential useful intervention in children with facial disfigurement. Prospective data are needed.