bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Zr(HSO4)4‐catalyzed one‐pot three‐component synthesis of 7‐alkyl‐6H,7H‐naphtho[1′,2′:5,6]pyrano[3,2‐c]chromen‐6‐ones
Authors: Wang Xiao , Lu Guangzhou , Yan Fulin , Ma Weiwei , Wu Liqiang 
Published: August 2011

AbstractA new, one‐pot, simple thermally efficient and solvent‐free method for the preparation of 7‐alkyl‐6H,7H‐naphtho[1′,2′:5,6]pyrano[3,2‐c]chromen‐6‐ones by condensation of β‐naphthol, aromatic aldehydes, and 4‐hydroxycoumarin using Zr(HSO4)4 as a safe and efficient catalyst is described. This method has the advantages of high yields, a cleaner reaction, simple methodology, short reaction times, easy workup, and greener conditions. J. Heterocyclic Chem., (2011).
Coupling of two diazotized 3‐aminothieno[3,4‐c]coumarins with aromatic amines
Authors: Fondjo Emmanuel Sopbué , Tsemeugne Joseph , Sondengam Beibam Luc , Oppenlaender Thomas , Wabo Hippolyte Kamdem , Tane Pierre , Connolly Joseph D. , Dehaen Wim , Rohand Taoufik , Kikuchi Haruhisa , Oshima Yoshiteru 
Published: August 2011

AbstractThe coupling reactions of two diazotized 3‐aminothieno[3,4‐c]coumarins were investigated. Compounds 1a, 1b both react with sodium nitrite in concentrated sulphuric acid at 0–5°C to give the diazotized intermediates 2 and 3, the latter resulting from the acid ‐catalyzed hydrolysis of the lactonic ring of 2. The in situ formed diazonium salts react with aromatic amines (4) to afford a series of arylazothiophenes dyes in the form of their ammonium sulfate salts. With diazotized aniline, besides the normally expected phenylazothiophene 10 from the reaction with compound 1a, the corresponding product of acid hydrolysis 11 was also isolated. In at least one of the cases, the thienyl diazonium salt 2 undergoes a Gomberg–Bachmann arylation reaction with p‐nitroaniline to give the 2‐arylthiophene 9. The direct hydrolysis of compounds 1a, 1b by concentrated sulphuric acid and subsequent oxidative dimerization of the primary product of acid hydrolysis led to compound 12. J. Heterocyclic Chem., (2011).
Antiallodynic effects of propentofylline Elicited by interrupting spinal glial function in a rat model of bone cancer pain
Authors: Yao Ming , Chang Xiang‐yang , Chu Yu‐xia , Yang Jian‐ping , Wang Li‐na , Cao Hao‐qiang , Liu Ming‐juan , Xu Qi‐nian 
Published: August 2011

AbstractThe activation of microglia and astrocytes in the spinal cord is involved in the progress of cancer pain. Propentofylline (PPF), a glial modulating agent, alleviates pain hypersensitivity in neuropathic pain models. The present study investigated the potential roles of PPF in a preclinical rat model of bone caner pain established by inoculating Walker 256 cells into the left tibia. At day 9 postinoculation, single administration of PPF (10 μg/10 μl, i.t.) significantly but transiently suppressed mechanical allodynia induced by bone cancer. Repeated application of PPF (10 μg/10 μl, i.t., once daily from days 9 to 12) persistently relieved mechanical allodynia on the side ipsilateral to surgery. Immunohistochemistry and ELISA showed that microglia and astrocytes in the spinal cord were activated, and the production of glia‐derived proinflammatory cytokines interleukin‐1β (IL‐1β), IL‐6, and tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α) markedly increased at day 12 postinoculation in the cancer group. Intrathecal injection of PPF (10 μg/10 μl) significantly inhibited the activation of spinal glial cells and the expression of proinflammatory cytokines. These results suggest that the glial modulating agent PPF has antiallodynic effects on bone cancer pain and has potential utility for clinical treatment of cancer pain. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Atmospheric teleconnection‐based conditional streamflow distributions for the Han River and its sub‐watersheds in Korea
Authors: Kim Jong‐Suk , Jain Shaleen , Moon Young‐Il 
Published: August 2011

AbstractAn improved understanding of hydroclimatic variability is central to efforts that seek to anticipate and adapt water resources management in a variable and changing climate. In Korea's Han River Basin, warm season (June–September) streamflow contributes nearly 74% of the annual water supply. In this study, a 40‐year record of simulated daily unimpaired streamflow for the Han River Basin and its 24 sub‐watersheds is analysed with a view to identify relationships with atmospheric teleconnection patterns. Tree‐based classification methods identify East Atlantic‐Western Russia (EA‐WR) and East Atlantic (EA) as the two dominant atmospheric circulation patterns that influence seasonal streamflow variability in the Han River Basin. The classification method allows partitioning of predictor space into three sub‐regions, wherein conditional streamflow statistics were computed based on the joint phases of EA‐WR and EA teleconnection indices. On the basis of conditional hydrologic‐teleconnection information, we estimated the 50‐year return period high‐ and low‐flow events (fitted to a lognormal distribution), thus allowing a simultaneous assessment of the joint effect of changes in the mean and variability of streamflow. Application of this approach for the 24 sub‐watersheds clarified the spatial coherence of teleconnection‐related impacts on streamflow. Despite the relatively modest sample size, the approach presented here illustrates the potential for identification of conditional streamflow information based on climatic precursors. This diagnostic study is a critical first step in developing seasonal streamflow estimates conditioned upon large‐scale climatic state, particularly for multi‐objective reservoir and watershed management. Copyright © 2011 Royal Meteorological Society
Dynamically based future daily and seasonal temperature scenarios analysis for the northern Iberian Peninsula
Authors: González‐Aparicio Iratxe , Hidalgo Julia 
Published: August 2011

AbstractThis research analyses the changes expected in the tails of the temperature distribution over the Basque Country area (Spain). The study is devoted to support the impact and adaptation studies to climate change coordinated in the framework of the multidisciplinary project K‐EGOKITZEN. A set of regional climate model outputs from the EU‐FP6 ENSEMBLES project at 25 × 25 km horizontal resolution is used to analyse daily maximum and minimum near‐surface air temperature and relative humidity over land. Extreme events are assessed using climatic indices defined by the STARDEX methodology for summer and winter seasons for previous (1978–2000) and future projections (2001–2100). Current bias correction methods are discussed. In winter the tenth percentile of the minimum temperature shows a positive trend with an increase of 3 °C with a mean standard deviation of 0.6 °C. All the models show a 70% decrease of the number of frost days at the end of the century and cold‐wave episodes tend to disappear from 2070 to 2100 in some of the models. In summer, the 90th percentile of daily temperature shows also a positive trend with an increase of upto 3.5 °C with a mean standard deviation of 1.2 °C. The duration of each heat episode increase by 30%: while in the reference period, on ensemble model average, the duration of each heat wave is 15 days; at the end of the century is 24 days. Copyright © 2011 Royal Meteorological Society
Changes in the mean and extreme geostrophic wind speeds in Northern Europe until 2100 based on nine global climate models
Authors: Gregow Hilppa , Ruosteenoja Kimmo , Pimenoff Natalia , Jylhä Kirsti 
Published: August 2011

AbstractThis study aims at analyzing the mean and extreme geostrophic wind speeds in Northern Europe. The analyses are based on nine global climate models and the Special Report on Emission Scenarios (SRES) A1B, A2 and B1 scenarios. The time frames studied consist of the baseline 1971–2000 and the future periods 2046–2065 and 2081–2100. The SRES scenarios are considered both separately and combined. The extremes are calculated for the September–April period for various return periods. The analysis is done by applying the program R and the Generalized Extreme Value ‐methodology.All projections indicate that both the mean and extreme geostrophic wind speeds will increase in the southern and eastern parts of Northern Europe and decrease over the Norwegian Sea in September–April. The change over the ocean is pronounced already in 2046–2065, over the continents in 2081–2100. For the model mean, the smallest change (2–6%) was projected under the B1 and the largest (4–10%) under the A1B and A2 scenarios. However, spread among the individual global circulation models (GCMs) was fairly large.The ratios between the return level estimates for various return periods and the annual maximum wind speeds were found nearly homogeneously independent of the time frame studied. For the baseline and future periods, the extreme winds occurring once in 10 or 50 years were 13% ± 2% and 22% ± 5% stronger than the mean annual maxima, respectively. The present findings serve as support for risk assessment such as required when planning the forest management practices. Copyright © 2011 Royal Meteorological Society
Edge‐loading severity as a function of cup lip radius in metal‐on‐metal total hips—A finite element analysis
Authors: Elkins Jacob M. , Kruger Karen M. , Pedersen Douglas R. , Callaghan John J. , Brown Thomas D. 
Published: August 2011

AbstractWhile favorable tribological properties and allowance for larger femoral head sizes have made metal‐on‐metal (MoM) bearings an increasingly popular choice for total hip arthroplasty, concerns have mounted regarding adverse reactions to metal wear debris and ions. MoM cups differ from conventional polyethylene cups in terms of edge profile design and reductions from full hemisphericity, suggesting differences in loading at or near the cup edge, especially during subluxation events. Finite element analysis was used to investigate the effects of cup orientation and lip edge curvature on damage propensity for edge or near‐edge loading during subluxation. Increased cup lip radius (resulting in reduced articular arc) had a detrimental effect upon subluxation‐free hip range of motion and upon dislocation resistance. Contact stresses near the cup edge demonstrated complex relationships between edge radius and cup orientation, with peak stresses being influenced by both variables. The tendency for scraping wear at the egress site demonstrated similarly complex dependencies. These data indicate that acetabular cup design is an important determinant of edge and near‐edge loading damage propensity. © 2011 Orthopaedic Research Society Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 30:169–177, 2012
A thioester substrate binds to the enzyme Arthrobacter thioesterase in two ionization states: evidence from Raman difference spectroscopy
Authors: Dong Jian , Zhuang Zhihao , Song Feng , Dunaway‐Mariano Debra , Carey Paul R. 
Published: August 2011

Abstract4‐Hydroxybenzoyl‐CoA (4‐HB‐CoA) thioesterase from Arthrobacter is the final enzyme catalyzing the hydrolysis of 4‐HB‐CoA to produce coenzyme A and 4‐hydroxybenzoic acid in the bacterial 4‐chlorobenzoate dehalogenation pathway. Using a mutation E73A that blocks catalysis, stable complexes of the enzyme and its substrate can be analyzed by Raman difference spectroscopy. Here we have used Raman difference spectroscopy, in the non‐resonance regime, to characterize 4‐HB‐CoA bound in the active site of the E73A thioesterase. In addition, we have characterized complexes of the wild‐type enzyme complexed with the unreactive substrate analog 4‐hydroxyphenacyl‐CoA (4‐HP‐CoA). Both sets of complexes show evidence for two forms of the ligand in the active site: one population has the 4‐hydroxy group protonated, 4‐OH; while the second has the group as the hydroxide, 4‐O−. For bound 4‐HP‐CoA, X‐ray data show that glutamate 78 is close to the 4‐OH in the complex and it is likely that this is the proton acceptor for the 4‐OH proton. Although the pKa of the 4‐OH group on the free substrate in aqueous solution is 8.6, the relative populations of ionized and neutral 4‐HB‐CoA bound to E73A remain invariant between pH 7.3 and 9.8. The invariance with pH suggests that the 4‐OH and the ‐COO− of E78 constitute a tightly coupled pair where their separate pKa ‘s lose their individual qualities. Narrow band profiles are seen in the CO double bond and C‐S regions, suggesting that the hydrolyzable thioester group is rigidly bound in the active site in a syn gauche conformation. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Exploring the origin of tip‐enhanced Raman scattering; preparation of efficient TERS probes with high yield
Authors: Asghari‐Khiavi Mehdi , Wood Bayden R. , Hojati‐Talemi Pejman , Downes Andrew , McNaughton Don , Mechler Adam 
Published: August 2011

AbstractTip‐enhanced Raman scattering (TERS) spectroscopy is a promising technique for nanoscale chemical analysis. However, there are several challenges preventing widespread application of this technology, including reproducible fabrication of efficient TERS probes. These problems reflect a lack of clear understanding of the origins of, and the parameters influencing TERS. It is believed that the coating characteristics at the apex of the tip have a major effect on the near‐field optical enhancement and thus the TERS activity of a metalized probe. Here we show that the aspect ratio of the tip can play a significant role in the efficiency of TERS probes. We argue that the electrostatic field arising from the lightning‐rod effect has a substantial role in the observed TERS effect. This argument is supported by ‘edge‐enhanced Raman scattering’ which is shown for a noble metal film. Furthermore, it is reported that an associated tip‐surface‐enhanced Raman scattering effect can be achieved by using a TERS‐inactive metalized probe on a surface‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy‐inactive roughened surface. This observation can be explained by an interparticle enhancement of the electromagnetic field. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Development of oxidative sample preparation for the analysis of forensic soil samples with near‐IR Raman spectroscopy
Authors: Edwards Howell , Munshi Tasnim , Scowen Ian , Surtees Alexander , Swindles Graeme T. 
Published: August 2011

AbstractForensic soil samples have been traditionally analysed via examinations of colour, texture and mineral content by physical or chemical methods. These methods leave any organic or water‐soluble fractions unexamined. A range of analytical techniques have been applied in this area and these procedures have been reviewed recently. This study uses Raman Spectroscopy to assess both the mineralogical and the water‐soluble organic fractions in soil samples. Soil samples were collected from both urban and rural environments comprising the city of Bradford, England, and an arable farming district in Lincolnshire. This study demonstrates how, with the use of oxidative preparation methods, Raman spectroscopy can be used to successfully discriminate between soil types using mineralogy as well as the organic and water‐soluble fractions of soils. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Predicting pediatric posttraumatic stress disorder after road traffic accidents: The role of parental psychopathology
Authors: Kolaitis Gerasimos , Giannakopoulos George , Liakopoulou Magda , Pervanidou Panagiota , Charitaki Stella , Mihas Constantinos , Ferentinos Spyros , Papassotiriou Ioannis , Chrousos George P. , Tsiantis John 
Published: August 2011

AbstractThis study examined prospectively the role of parental psychopathology among other predictors in the development and persistence of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in 57 hospitalized youths aged 7–18 years immediately after a road traffic accident and 1 and 6 months later. Self report questionnaires and semistructured diagnostic interviews were used in all 3 assessments. Neuroendocrine evaluation was performed at the initial assessment. Maternal PTSD symptomatology predicted the development of children's PTSD 1 month after the event, OR = 6.99, 95% CI [1.049, 45.725]; the persistence of PTSD 6 months later was predicted by the child's increased evening salivary cortisol concentrations within 24 hours of the accident, OR = 1.006, 95% CI [1.001, 1.011]. Evaluation of both biological and psychosocial predictors that increase the risk for later development and maintenance of PTSD is important for appropriate early prevention and treatment.
Breast milk contains relevant neurotrophic factors and cytokines for enteric nervous system development
Authors: Fichter Michael , Klotz Markus , Hirschberg David L. , Waldura Bärbel , Schofer Otto , Ehnert Sabrina , Schwarz Lukas K. , Ginneken Chris Van , Schäfer Karl‐Herbert 
Published: August 2011

AbstractBreast‐feeding plays an important role for the development of the newborn. Non‐breast fed premature born infants show a significantly higher risk of developing diseases like infantile diarrhoea and necrotizing enterocolitis. In this study, the content of neurotrophic factors and cytokines, which might influence the postnatal development of the enteric nervous system (ENS), was determined in human breast milk. Glial cell‐line‐derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) as well as a panel of cytokines were analyzed using single factor or multiplex ELISA. In order to link their presence in milk with possible effects on the development of the ENS, rat myenteric neurons were cultured in protein extracts from breast milk. Neurite outgrowth, neuron survival and nestin expression in glial cells were measured. Growth factors and cytokines were found in all breast milk samples at varying concentrations. It could be demonstrated that protein extracts of breast milk increased the amount of surviving enteric neurones as well as neurite outgrowth. Additionally it was shown, that the number of nestin and S100‐expressing glial cells increased significantly after incubating in breast milk protein extracts. The data suggest that milk‐born proteins support the development of the enteric nervous system.
Oxyneurography: A new technique for the measurement of nerve oxygenation
Authors: Jabre Joe F. , Squintani Giovanna M. , Chui Kenneth K.H. 
Published: August 2011

AbstractIntroduction:Near‐infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) is a non‐invasive technique used to measure tissue oxygenation. In this study we describe oxyneurography (ONG), a novel application of the NIRS technique in non‐invasive surface measurement of oxygenation in ulnar nerve.Methods:NIRS sensors were applied directly over the ulnar epicondylar groove to measure the ulnar nerve ONG index, a ratio of oxygenated over total hemoglobin content. Ulnar motor conduction studies were obtained in all subjects.Results:The ONG index and ulnar motor conduction had a positive linear association. Ulnar motor conduction could be linearly predicted by the ONG index. The ONG index showed a sensitivity of 1.0 and a specificity of 0.852 for the presence of an ulnar neuropathy symptom. During limb ischemia, the ONG index gradually decreased.Conclusions:Oxyneurography can lead to the early detection of a compromise in a nerve's oxygenation status leading to neuropathy. Muscle Nerve 45:75–80, 2012
Thomsen or Becker myotonia? A novel autosomal recessive nonsense mutation in the CLCN1 gene associated with a mild phenotype
Authors: Gurgel‐Giannetti Juliana , Senkevics Adriano S. , Zilbersztajn‐Gotlieb Dinorah , Yamamoto Lydia U. , Muniz Viviane P. , Pavanello Rita C.M. , Oliveira Acary B. , ZATZ Mayana , Vainzof Mariz 
Published: August 2011

AbstractWe describe a large Brazilian consanguineous kindred with 3 clinically affected patients with a Thomsen myotonia phenotype. They carry a novel homozygous nonsense mutation in the CLCN1 gene (K248X). None of the 6 heterozygote carriers show any sign of myotonia on clinical evaluation or electromyography. These findings confirm the autosomal recessive inheritance of the novel mutation in this family, as well as the occurrence of phenotypic variability in the autosomal recessive forms of myotonia. Muscle Nerve, 2012
Proximity and remoteness in graphs: Results and conjectures
Authors: Aouchiche Mustapha , Hansen Pierre 
Published: August 2011

AbstractThe proximity π = π(G) of a connected graph G is the minimum, over all vertices, of the average distance from a vertex to all others. Similarly, the maximum is called the “remoteness” and denoted by ρ = ρ(G). In this article we first prove upper and lower bounds on π and ρ as a function of the order n of G. A comparison between these two invariants follows and then each one is compared to the diameter, radius, average eccentricity, average distance, independence number and matching number. Most bounds so obtained are proved, but a few of them remain conjectures. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. NETWORKS, 2011
Minimax regret path location on trees
Authors: Puerto Justo , Ricca Federica , Scozzari Andrea 
Published: August 2011

AbstractThis work studies the problem of finding optimal paths with respect to the center, median and centdian objective functions, on networks with uncertain vertex weights that are given as intervals. Our approach looks for minimax regret paths which minimize the worst‐case opportunity loss in the corresponding objective function. These problems are NP‐hard on general graphs, therefore we study them on trees. We show that a discrete optimal path always exists for each of them, and provide polynomial time solution algorithms. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. NETWORKS, 2011
Record linkage for pharmacoepidemiological studies in cancer patients
Authors: van Herk‐Sukel Myrthe P. P. , Lemmens Valery E. P. P. , van de Poll‐Franse Lonneke V. , Herings Ron M. C. , Coebergh Jan Willem W. 
Published: August 2011

ABSTRACTBackgroundAn increasing need has developed for the post‐approval surveillance of (new) anti‐cancer drugs by means of pharmacoepidemiology and outcomes research in the area of oncology.ObjectivesTo create an overview that makes researchers aware of the available database linkages in Northern America and Europe which facilitate pharmacoepidemiology and outcomes research in cancer patients.MethodsIn addition to our own database, i.e. the Eindhoven Cancer Registry (ECR) linked to the PHARMO Record Linkage System, we considered database linkages between a population‐based cancer registry and an administrative healthcare database that at least contains information on drug use and offers a longitudinal perspective on healthcare utilization. Eligible database linkages were limited to those that had been used in multiple published articles in English language included in Pubmed. The HMO Cancer Research Network (CRN) in the US was excluded from this review, as an overview of the linked databases participating in the CRN is already provided elsewhere. Researchers who had worked with the data resources included in our review were contacted for additional information and verification of the data presented in the overview.ResultsThe following database linkages were included: the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End–Results–Medicare; cancer registry data linked to Medicaid; Canadian cancer registries linked to population‐based drug databases; the Scottish cancer registry linked to the Tayside drug dispensing data; linked databases in the Nordic Countries of Europe: Norway, Sweden, Finland and Denmark; and the ECR‐PHARMO linkage in the Netherlands. Descriptives of the included database linkages comprise population size, generalizability of the population, year of first data availability, contents of the cancer registry, contents of the administrative healthcare database, the possibility to select a cancer‐free control cohort, and linkage to other healthcare databases.ConclusionsThe linked databases offer a longitudinal perspective, allowing for observations of health care utilization before, during, and after cancer diagnosis. They create new powerful data resources for the monitoring of post‐approval drug utilization, as well as a framework to explore the (cost‐)effectiveness of new, often expensive, anti‐cancer drugs as used in everyday practice. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.