bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical and pathophysiologic determinants of catheter ablation outcome in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy with atrial fibrillation
Authors: Lee Jae‐Hyuk , Cho Iksung , Choi Sung Hwa , Yu Hee Tae , Kim Tae‐Hoon , Uhm Jae‐Sun , Joung Boyoung , Lee Moon‐Hyoung , Hong Geu‐Ru , Hwang Chun , Pak Hui‐Nam 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundHypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is frequently associated with atrial fibrillation (AF). We compared clinical, echocardiographic, and electrophysiological parameters between HCM subtypes and those without HCM at AF catheter ablation (AFCA) and analyzed post‐AFCA reverse remodeling and AF recurrence based on HCM presence and subtype.MethodsAmong 5161 consecutive patients who underwent de novo AFCA, we included HCM patients and control patients who were age‐, gender‐, and AF type‐matched. Between AF‐HCM patients and controls, we compared baseline values for left atrium (LA) wall thickness (LAWT), reverse remodeling at 1‐year follow‐up, and procedural outcomes over the course of follow‐up between two groups.ResultsA total of 122 AF‐HCM patients and 318 control patients were included. AF‐HCM patients had more frequent heart failure and higher LA diameter, E/Em, and LA pressure (all, p < .001). However, LAWT did not differ from control group. A year after AFCA, degree of LA reverse remodeling was significantly lower in AF‐HCM than in control group (ΔLA dimension, p = .025). Nonapical HCM (HR 1.71; 95% CI 1.05–2.80), persistent AF (HR 1.46; 95% CI 1.05–2.04), and LA dimension (HR 1.04; 95% CI 1.01–1.06) were independent risk factors for AF recurrence. During 78.0 months of follow‐up, nonapical HCM patients showed higher AF recurrence rate than both apical HCM (log‐rank p = .005) and control patients (log‐rank p = .002).ConclusionsThe presence of HCM, particularly nonapical HCM, displayed increased LA hemodynamic loading with diastolic dysfunction and had poorer rhythm outcomes after AFCA compared to both apical HCM and control group.
Ultrasound‐based jawbone surface quality evaluation after alveolar ridge preservation
Authors: Rodriguez Amanda B. , Kripfgans Oliver D. , Kozloff Kenneth M. , Samal Ankita , Woo Jae‐man , Shehabeldin Mostafa , Chan Hsun‐Liang 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundBone readiness for implant placement is typically evaluated by bone quality/density on 2‐dimensional radiographs and cone beam computed tomography at an arbitrary time between 3 and 6 months after tooth extraction and alveolar ridge preservation (ARP). The aim of this study is to investigate if high‐frequency ultrasound (US) can classify bone readiness in humans, using micro‐CT as a reference standard to obtain bone mineral density (BMD) and bone volume fraction (BVTV) of healed sockets receiving ARP in humans.MethodsA total of 27 bone cores were harvested during the implant surgery from 24 patients who received prior extraction with ARP. US images were taken immediately before the implant surgery at a site co‐registered with the tissue biopsy collection location, made possible with a specially designed guide, and then classified into 3 tiers using B‐mode image criteria (1) favorable, (2) questionable, and (3) unfavorable. Bone mineral density (hydroxyapatite) and BVTV were obtained from micro‐CT as the gold standard.ResultsHydroxyapatite and BVTV were evaluated within the projected US slice plane and thresholded to favorable (>2200 mg/cm3; >0.45 mm3/mm3), questionable (1500–2200 mg/cm3; 0.4–0.45 mm3/mm3), and unfavorable (<1500 mg/cm3; <0.4 mm3/mm3). The present US B‐mode classification inversely scales with BMD. Regression analysis showed a significant relation between US classification and BMD as well as BVTV. T‐test analysis demonstrated a significant correlation between US reader scores and the gold standard. When comparing Tier 1 with the combination of Tier 2 and 3, US achieved a significant group differentiation relative to mean BMD (p = 0.004, true positive 66.7%, false positive 0%, true negative 100%, false negative 33.3%, specificity 100%, sensitivity 66.7%, receiver operating characteristics area under the curve 0.86). Similar results were found between US‐derived tiers and BVTV.ConclusionPreliminary data suggest US could classify jawbone surface quality that correlates with BMD/BVTV and serve as the basis for future development of US‐based socket healing evaluation after ARP.
Trauma exposure correlates among patients receiving care in federally qualified health centers
Authors: Blanchard Brittany E. , Bluett Ellen J. , Johnson Morgan , Zimberoff Anya , Fortney John C. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractOver 80% of adults in the general population experience trauma. Rates of patients with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are high in primary care settings and are likely to be even higher in federally qualified health centers (FQHCs). Trauma exposure has been linked to psychiatric symptoms and physical health comorbidities, though little research has focused on FQHC patients. This study addresses this by examining clinical and sociodemographic correlates of specific trauma types among FQHC patients. We analyzed secondary data from patients who screened positive for PTSD and were receiving health care in FQHCs in a clinical trial (N = 978). Individuals who did versus did not experience a specific trauma type were compared using between‐group tests. In the sample, 91.3% of participants were exposed to a DSM‐5 Criterion A traumatic event, with 79.6% experiencing two or more trauma types. Witnessing a life‐threatening event (57.3%) and physical assault (55.7%) were the most common traumatic experiences. Physical health comorbidities and worse physical health functioning were associated with a higher likelihood of exposure to all trauma types, with effect sizes larger than PTSD, ds = 0.78–1.35. Depressive and anxiety symptoms were also associated with a higher likelihood of experiencing nearly all trauma types to a lesser magnitude. People of color, OR = 2.45, and individuals experiencing financial inequities, OR = 1.73, had higher odds of experiencing serious accidents as well as other trauma types. The findings highlight the need for trauma‐informed care, including routine trauma and PTSD screening, for FQHC patients.
Influences of aquatic and terrestrial habitat characteristics on abundance patterns of adult wood turtles
Authors: Staggs Jena M. , Brown Donald J. , Badje Andrew F. , Anderson James T. , Carlson Lena V. , Lapin Carly N. , Cochrane Madaline M. , Moen Ron A. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractWood turtles (Glyptemys insculpta) are a species of conservation concern throughout their geographic distribution. Several studies have investigated individual‐level habitat selection of wood turtles in the Upper Midwest in the United States, but the effects of habitat characteristics on abundance are poorly understood. This information is needed to improve landscape‐level habitat management and conservation initiatives for the species. Our study aimed to identify important aquatic and terrestrial habitat characteristics and quantify their influence on abundance dynamics of adult wood turtles in the Laurentian Mixed Forest Province ecoregion of Wisconsin and Minnesota, USA. We collected standardized population survey data at 57 sites within the ecoregion between 2016 and 2022. We used N‐mixture models with a multi‐stage model selection procedure to assess the influence of aquatic and terrestrial predictors on abundance, including several 3‐dimensional forest structure metrics derived from airborne Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) data. Several aquatic and terrestrial habitat characteristics influenced local abundance patterns of adult wood turtles. The most influential aquatic predictors were stream velocity and stream width, and the most influential terrestrial predictors were mean return height and vertical coefficient of variation of height. Abundance was high at sites containing comparatively narrow streams with moderate velocities. The most supported terrestrial predictors were derived from LiDAR and indicate that complex forest structures support larger wood turtle populations. Our results can be used in forest management strategies to improve habitat quality for wood turtles, such as selective tree harvesting to increase structural diversity, and potentially identify robust populations in under‐surveyed areas.
Intraoral laser hair removal: A scoping review
Authors: Katz Abigail , Rivera‐Oyola Ryan , Levinson Carrie , Labadie Jessica G. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractPurposeIntraoral hair growth is a debilitating side effect of flap or graft‐based oropharyngeal reconstruction. There is no standardized treatment, but groups have successfully eradicated unwanted hair growth with intraoral laser hair removal. This scoping review assesses the utility of laser therapy in managing this condition.MethodsThis scoping review followed PRISMA‐ScR guidelines. Ovid Medline, Embase (Ovid) and Scopus were queried using index terms and keywords. Resulting articles were reviewed for inclusion by two independent reviewers against inclusion criteria and relevant data were extracted.ResultsThe literature search yielded 297 articles, 22 of which met inclusion criteria. In total, 77 patients were treated: 38 patients with an Alexandrite laser, 19 with an Nd:YAG laser, 18 with a diode laser, and two with a CO2 laser. Complete response defined as 80% or more reduction in hair count was achieved in 70 patients (90%) and six patients (8%) achieved a partial response (10%–79% reduction in hair count). One patient (1%) with gray hair saw less than a 10% reduction in hair count. On average, 3.84 treatment sessions were needed, spaced 5.4 weeks apart. Treatments were well tolerated without major side effects.ConclusionsThis is the first scoping review assessing the utility of intraoral laser hair therapy and suggests it may be a safe and effective treatment. However, surgeons should advise preoperative hair removal when clinically feasible to mitigate this side effect as much as possible.
Polymer‐Protected Gold Nanoparticles for Photothermal Treatment of Ehrlich Adenocarcinoma: In Vitro and In Vivo Studies
Authors: Tatykhanova Gulnur S. , Tuleyeva Rysgul N. , Nurakhmetova Zhanara A. , Gizatullina Nargiz N. , Krasnoshtanov Vladimir K. , Kaldybekov Daulet B. , Aseyev Vladimir O. , Khutoryanskiy Vitaliy V. , Kudaibergenov Sarkyt E. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractPhotothermal therapy (PTT) is recognized as an effective tool for the treatment of cancer and it has attracted considerable attention of scientists. In this work, gold nanospheres (AuNSs) and gold nanorods (AuNRs) stabilized using poly(N‐vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP), pristine gellan gum (PGG), and poly(2‐ethyl‐2‐oxazoline)‐grafted gellan gum (GG‐g‐PEtOx) are synthesized and evaluated as PTT agents in Ehrlich cancer cells. The physicochemical characteristics of these AuNSs and AuNRs, including their surface plasmon resonance absorption spectra, size, zeta potential, and aspect ratio are studied using UV–vis‐spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering, zeta potential, transmission electron microscopy, and optical microscopy techniques. The polymer‐protected AuNSs exhibit light‐to‐heat conversion, raising the temperature from 37 to 43 °C when irradiated using a visible light source. In the case of AuNSs, considerable damage to Ehrlich cancer cells is observed following irradiation and 40 days of examination. However, with regard to AuNSs, the damage to Ehrlich cancer cells is slightly lower than observed in AuNRs. In vivo experiments demonstrate that laser irradiation of tumors in mice after injecting AuNSs leads to a statistically significant decrease in tumor size as compared to those not irradiated and the control samples.
Data‐driven surrogate modeling of dielectric reflectarray antenna using 3D printing technology for X band applications
Authors: Bereket Mehmet , Belen Mehmet A. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractReflectarray (RA) antennas are gaining recognition as a high‐performance alternative for antenna design. They combine the functionalities of standard parabolic reflectors and phased array antennas without a feed network. However, the design of RA models requires a model that exhibits exceptional performance while meeting contradictory requirements such as size and operation band. An effective and computationally efficient approach is to employ a rapid and precise unit element model for the design of reflective antennas. Artificial intelligence (AI) regression techniques have been developed to predict electromagnetic behavior efficiently and accurately in microwave device design. A cross‐shaped 3D printable RA was examined as a case study, and a design‐ready surrogate model was developed with a mean absolute error of approximately 5° using only 800 data samples. The method can be considered a feasible substitute for current surrogate‐assisted RA design techniques due to its computational efficacy and dependability.
Long‐term sustained effects of the Look AHEAD lifestyle intervention on body composition among adults with type 2 diabetes
Authors: Ashby‐Thompson Maxine , Heshka Stanley , Anderson Andrea , Pownall Henry , Laferrère Blandine , Balasubramanyam Ashok , Heymsfield Steven B. , Wadden Thomas A. , Gallagher Dympna ,   the Look AHEAD Research Group
Published: May 2024

AbstractObjectiveThe objective of the study was to test whether there are sustained effects of the Look AHEAD intensive lifestyle intervention (ILI), versus diabetes support and education (DSE), on weight and body composition 12 to 16 years after randomization.MethodsParticipants were a subset of enrollees in the Look AHEAD dual‐energy x‐ray absorptiometry substudy who completed the final visit, composed of men (DSE = 99; ILI = 94) and women (DSE = 134; ILI = 135) with type 2 diabetes and mean (SD) age 57.2 (6.4) years and BMI 34.9 (5.1) kg/m2 at randomization. Dual‐energy x‐ray absorptiometry measured total and regional fat and lean masses at randomization, at Years 1, 4, and 8, and at the final visit. Linear mixed‐effects regressions were applied with adjustment for group, clinic, sex, age, race/ethnicity, and baseline body composition.ResultsWeight and most body compartments were reduced by 2% to 8% (and BMI 4%) in ILI versus DSE in men but not women. ILI‐induced loss of lean tissue did not show a lower percent lean mass versus DSE at 16 years after randomization.ConclusionILI‐related changes in weight, fat, and lean mass were detectable 12 to 16 years after randomization in men but, for unknown reasons, not in women. There was no evidence that the intervention led to a disproportionate loss of lean mass by the end of the study.
Non‐adherence and non‐persistence with antiretroviral treatment in Belgium: A real‐world evaluation using a pharmacy database, 2018–2021
Authors: Ilboudo Dieudonné , Mbouche Patricia , Sommet Agnès , Van Wilder Philippe , Kirakoya‐Samadoulougou Fati 
Published: May 2024

AbstractPurposeTo evaluate the real‐world rates of non‐adherence and non‐persistence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) among treatment‐naïve adult patients with HIV after a 12‐month follow‐up period in Belgium.MethodsA retrospective analysis of longitudinal pharmacy claims was conducted using the Pharmanet database from January 1, 2018, to December 31, 2021. Non‐adherence was assessed over 12 months and reported as the proportion of days covered below the 80% threshold. Non‐persistence was defined as the first 90‐day gap in treatment between the two types of ART dispensed. Poisson regression with robust standard error and Cox proportional hazard models were used to assess the factors associated with non‐adherence and non‐persistence, respectively.ResultsOverall, 2999 patients were initiated on ART between 2018 and 2021. After a 12‐month follow‐up, the proportions of non‐adherence and non‐persistence were 35.6% and 15.9%, respectively in 2018, and decreased to 18.7% and 6.8%, respectively in 2021. Non‐adherence was higher among women, Brussels residents, and those receiving multiple‐tablet regimens (MTRs). Similarly, the prevalence of non‐persistence was higher among women and MTR recipients.ConclusionAmong treatment‐naïve adults with HIV in Belgium, non‐adherence, and non‐persistence to ART showed improvement over the study period but remained at high levels. Disparities were observed by sex and between geographical regions. Prioritizing strategies targeting women in Brussels and facilitating the transition from MTRs to single‐tablet regimens should be emphasized optimize adherence to ART in Belgium.
Effect of poly(lactic acid) molecular weight and composition on the morphology and crystallization behavior of polyhydroxybutyrate/poly(lactic acid) blends
Authors: Ghassemi Payman , Eesaee Mostafa , Sollogoub Cyrille , Nguyen‐Tri Phuong 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis study investigates the effects of molecular weight and crystallinity of polylactic acid (PLA) on the morphology and crystallization behavior of polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB)/PLA blends. Utilizing a solution casting method, we discovered that the molecular characteristics of PLA significantly influence the thermal and structural properties of the blends. The lower molecular weight and amorphous PLA notably broadened the temperature range for PHB's banded spherulite formation, indicating enhanced miscibility. In contrast, semicrystalline PLA variants produced smaller spherulites within large PHB matrices. The high molecular weight PLA had an unusual, relatively low melting point which led to a competition between the molecular weight effect and the supercooling effect regarding the isothermal crystallization kinetics. The blend morphology was observed in thin films in which the usual crystal formation of PHB was severely hindered in the presence of crystalline PLA but could form thin lamellae when the PLA was amorphous. At ultra‐thin thickness, where crystallization is impossible, the amorphous co‐continuous structure of the blends was revealed by melting the film. Our research contributes to the development of advanced biodegradable materials for environmental sustainability, emphasizing the intricate interplay between polymer blend components that can be tuned for specific applications.Highlights
The study explores the blend morphology and crystallization of PLA/PHB.
The temperature range for PHB's spherulite formation broadens with PLA.
PLA's partial miscibility with PHB shifted Tg and caused delayed Tm of PHB.
Usual PHB crystal formation is hindered with crystalline PLA.
Thin PHB lamellae formed within amorphous PLA and observed via AFM.
Psychosocial and palliative care in African national cancer control plans: A qualitative study
Authors: Henry Melissa , Asuzu Chioma , Savard Sabrina , Devault‐Tousignant Cyril , Timmermans Sydney , Khosravi Katrina , Amin Amina , Albert Justine , Krochmalnek Tara , Odiyo Phillip , Akin‐Odanye Elizabeth Oluwatoyin , Terwase Joyce , Lounsbury David , Nichols Scott , Nichols Sharon , Palmer Charles 
Published: May 2024

AbstractObjectiveLow and middle income countries of Africa account for a disproportionate amount of the global health burden of cancer. Providing patients access to psychosocial oncology and palliative care through policy structures such as the National Cancer Control Plans (NCCP) is essential to improving the care provided to patients and their families. The first phase of this study sought to determine the extent to which palliative care and psychosocial oncology were integrated in NCCPs in African countries.MethodsA qualitative thematic analysis of the plans was used using Nvivo, with two‐raters coding and continuous team discussions. Data were organized into an infographic map showing the coverage of themes across African countries.ResultsFifty‐eight NCCPs and NCD plans were analyzed in the 54 countries in Africa. The findings illustrate a lack of standardization across countries' NCCPs in addressing psychosocial oncology and palliative care themes. Certain areas presented good coverage across several plans, such as barriers to access, education, awareness, and health behaviors, coordination of care, families, caregivers and community involvement, and palliative care. Other themes presented low coverage, such as doctor‐patient communication, mental health, bereavement, psychosocial care, survivorship care, and traditional medicine.ConclusionsOne may consider further developing NCCP areas as they pertain to psychosocial oncology and palliative care to ensure their proper place on the policy agenda for a healthier Africa.
Unusually severe neonatal presentation of mediastinal bronchogenic cyst
Authors: Sanchez‐Ferrer Francisco , Nso‐Roca Ana Pilar 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBronchogenic cysts are rare congenital malformations that occur in adults and children, with differences in distribution and presentation. We present the case of a newborn who initiated respiratory distress from the first minutes of life, presenting with hypoventilation and rightward displacement of the cardiac impulse, requiring oxygen therapy and intubation. The first radiograph shows a left pulmonary emphysema. The computerized axial tomography revealed a large mediastinal mass causing an obstructive syndrome of the left bronchus. The mass was successfully excised, resulting in a favorable clinical evolution. Although the presentation of our case is exceptional, it is worth noting that while most bronchogenic cysts are asymptomatic, they can occur in childhood, even from birth, as in our case.
In silico design and evaluation of a multiepitope vaccine targeting the nucleoprotein of Puumala orthohantavirus
Authors: Bhattacharya Kunal , Chanu Nongmaithem Randhoni , Jha Saurav Kumar , Khanal Pukar , Paudel Keshav Raj 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe Puumala orthohantavirus is present in the body of the bank vole (Myodes glareolus). Humans infected with this virus may develop hemorrhagic fever accompanying renal syndrome. In addition, the infection may further lead to the failure of an immune system completely. The present study aimed to propose a possible vaccine by employing bioinformatics techniques to identify B and T‐cell antigens. The best multi‐epitope of potential immunogenicity was generated by combining epitopes. Additionally, the linkers EAAAK, AAY, and GPGPG were utilized in order to link the epitopes successfully. Further, C‐ImmSim was used to perform in silico immunological simulations upon the vaccine. For the purpose of conducting expression tests in Escherichia coli, the chimeric protein construct was cloned using Snapgene into the pET‐9c vector. The designed vaccine showed adequate results, evidenced by the global population coverage and favorable immune response. The developed vaccine was found to be highly effective and to have excellent population coverage in a number of computer‐based assessments. This work is fully dependent on the development of nucleoprotein‐based vaccines, which would constitute a significant step forward if our findings were used in developing a global vaccination to combat the Puumala virus.