bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of Push‐In versus Pull‐Out Tests on Bone‐Implant Interfaces of Rabbit Tibia Dental Implant Healing Model
Authors: Seong Wook‐Jin , Grami Shahrzad , Jeong Soo Cheol , Conrad Heather J. , Hodges James S. 
Published: December 2011

ABSTRACTPurpose: This study aimed to investigate whether push‐in and pull‐out tests measure mechanical properties of the bone–implant interface differently, and which test is more sensitive to changes over the healing period.Materials and Methods: Two identical self‐threading dental implants (3.3 × 8.5 mm) were placed in medial surface of the proximal condyles of left and right tibias of 20 rabbits (40 implants total). Five rabbits each were sacrificed after 1, 4, 8, and 12 weeks of healing. Push‐in test was performed on one side's tibia implant and pull‐out on the other side's implant, at a rate of 6 mm/min. Primary and secondary implant stabilities and tibia weight were measured on all implants.Results: The push‐in test generated significantly higher failure load (p = .0001; 530 N vs 279 N), lower displacement at failure (p = .0003; 0.436 mm vs 0.680 mm), and higher interface stiffness (p < .0001; 1,641 N/mm vs 619 N/mm) than pull‐out test. Failure load, stiffness, and secondary implant stability were significantly higher for longer compared with shorter healing periods, while displacement, tibia weight, and primary stability were not. Failure load and stiffness differed significantly for four healing times for the push‐in but not for the pull‐out test. Failure load was significantly correlated with secondary implant stability for both push‐in (r = 0.66) and pull‐out (r = 0.48) tests, but stiffness was significantly correlated with secondary stability only for the push‐in test (r = 0.72; pull‐out test r = 0.40).Conclusion: The push‐in test appeared more sensitive than pull‐out to changes in mechanical properties at bone–implant interfaces during healing in rabbit tibia model.
Evaluation of Primary Stability of Self‐Tapping and Non‐Self‐Tapping Dental Implants. A 12‐Week Clinical Study
Authors: Marković Aleksa , Calvo‐Guirado José Luís , Lazić Zoran , Gómez‐Moreno Gerardo , Ćalasan Dejan , Guardia Javier , Čolic Snježana , Aguilar‐Salvatierra Antonio , Gačić Bojan , Delgado‐Ruiz Rafael , Janjić Bojan , Mišić Tijana 
Published: December 2011

ABSTRACTPurpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between surgical techniques and implant macro‐design (self‐tapping/non‐self‐tapping) for the optimization of implant stability in the low‐density bone present in the posterior maxilla using resonance frequency analysis (RFA).Materials and Methods: A total of 102 implants were studied. Fifty‐six self‐tapping BlueSkyBredent® (Bredent GmbH&Co.Kg®, Senden, Germany) and 56 non‐self‐tapping Standard Plus Straumann® (Institut Straumann AG®, Waldenburg, Switzerland) were placed in the posterior segment of the maxilla. Implants of both types were placed in sites prepared with either lateral bone‐condensing or with bone‐drilling techniques. Implant stability measurements were performed using RFA immediately after implant placement and weekly during a 12‐week follow‐up period.Results: Both types of implants placed after bone condensing achieved significantly higher stability immediately after surgery, as well as during the entire 12‐week observation period compared with those placed following bone drilling. After bone condensation, there were no significant differences in primary stability or in implant stability after the first week between both implant types. From 2 to 12 postoperative weeks, significantly higher stability was shown by self‐tapping implants. After bone drilling, self‐tapping implants achieved significantly higher stability than non‐self‐tapping implants during the entire follow‐up period.Conclusions: The outcomes of the present study indicate that bone drilling is not an effective technique for improving implant stability and, following this technique, the use of self‐tapping implants is highly recommended. Implant stability optimization in the soft bone can be achieved by lateral bone‐condensing technique, regardless of implant macro‐design.
Evaluation of the Esthetic Results of 64 Nonfunctional Immediately Loaded Postextraction Implants in the Maxilla: Correlation between Interproximal Alveolar Crest and Soft Tissues at 3 Years of Follow‐Up
Authors: Malchiodi Luciano , Cucchi Alessandro , Ghensi Paolo , Nocini Pier Francesco 
Published: December 2011

ABSTRACTPurpose: Many authors have emphasized that immediate loading protocols enable better esthetic results to be achieved compared with delayed loading, especially in the case of postextraction implants that are capable of maintaining the original esthetics of soft tissues. The aim of this study was to establish correlations between the interproximal crest, interproximal papilla, and marginal facial gingiva of immediately loaded postextraction implants by evaluating clinical and radiographic data.Materials and Methods: Fifty‐eight consecutive patients underwent a tooth extraction and immediate implant placement with 64 postextraction implants, which were immediately loaded using a provisional single crown from June 2005 to December 2006. At 6 months after surgery, all implants were restored with a definitive single crown. Clinical and radiographic data were recorded at the time of surgery, at the time of definitive restoration, and after 3 years of functioning, in order to evaluate soft tissues esthetics and bone tissue condition. Statistical analysis was used to assess significant correlations between the interproximal crest, interproximal papilla, and marginal facial gingiva (p = 0.05).Results: After 3 years of functioning, the implant success rate was 100% because no implants had failed. All parameters were stable and steady during the 3‐year follow‐up. The regression test revealed a statistically significant correlation between interproximal crest levels and interproximal papilla volume (p = 0.0134), and also between interproximal crest levels and marginal gingiva levels (p = 0.0226).Conclusions: Postextraction immediately loaded implants represent a predictable technique that should be considered the treatment of choice in cases of single anterior tooth restoration and other cases. Esthetic results seem to depend on correct positioning of the implants, considering the correlation between bone tissue and related soft tissues. Maintaining the original condition of both bone and soft tissues around the tooth to be removed is the key to obtaining optimal esthetic outcomes.
The association between pterygium and conjunctival ultraviolet autofluorescence: The Norfolk Island Eye Study
Authors: Sherwin Justin C. , Hewitt Alex W. , Kearns Lisa S. , Griffiths Lyn R. , Mackey David A. , Coroneo Minas T. 
Published: December 2011

Abstract.Purpose:  To investigate the association between conjunctival ultraviolet autofluorescence (UVAF), a biomarker of ocular ultraviolet radiation (UVR) exposure, and prevalent pterygium.Methods:  We conducted a cross‐sectional study on Norfolk Island, South Pacific. All permanent residents aged ≥15 were invited to participate. Participants completed a sun exposure questionnaire and underwent autorefraction and slit lamp biomicroscope examination. Area of conjunctival UVAF (sum of temporal/nasal area in right and left eyes) was determined using computerized methods. Multivariate logistic and linear regression models were used to estimate the associations with pterygia and UVAF, respectively.Results:  Of 641 participants, 70 people (10.9%) had pterygium in one or both eyes, and prevalence was higher in males (15.0% versus 7.7%, p = 0.003). Significant independent associations with pterygium in any eye were UVAF (per 10 mm2) [odds ratio (OR) 1.16, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.16–1.28, p = 0.002], tanning skin phenotype (OR 2.17, 1.20–3.92, p = 0.010) and spending more than three‐quarters of the day outside (OR 2.22, 1.20–4.09, p = 0.011). Increasing quartile of UVAF was associated with increased risk of pterygium following adjustment of age, sex and time outdoors (pTrend = 0.002). Independent associations with increasing UVAF (per 10 mm2) were decreasing age, time outdoors, skin type and male gender (all p < 0.001). UVAF area correlated well with the duration of outdoor activity (pTrend < 0.001).Conclusion:  Pterygium occurs in approximately one‐tenth of Norfolk Islanders. Increasing conjunctival UVAF is associated with prevalent pterygia, confirming earlier epidemiological, laboratory and ray‐tracing studies that pterygia are associated with UVR. Protection from the sun should be encouraged to reduce the prevalence of pterygium in the community.
Sine wave mesopic contrast sensitivity – defining the normal range in a young population
Authors: Haughom Bente , Strand Trond‐Eirik 
Published: December 2011

Abstract.Purpose:  Limited information is available regarding the normal range of mesopic sine wave contrast sensitivity (CS). The aim of this study was therefore to define a reference range and in addition to identify factors related to mesopic CS in a young population.Methods:  Individuals with normal visual acuity (VA) were included from a population of air crew members visiting the Institute of Aviation Medicine for routine medical examinations. CS was measured using the Optec 6500/FACT and evaluated by (i) the CS curve with five frequencies and (ii) the index of contrast sensitivity (ICS). ICS was defined as the sum of the weighted differences from the median CS value for each frequency. Multivariate analyses were performed to identify factors related to CS.Results:  In a total of 197 subjects included, the mean mesopic CS score was significantly lower compared to the corresponding photopic measurements for all five frequencies tested. Median CS score for frequencies 1.5, 3, 6, 12 and 18 cycles per degree was 50, 114, 180, 60 and 33 for photopic and 71, 80, 90, 22 and 12 for mesopic (− glare) conditions, respectively. Better binocular VA was positively associated, while the use of corrective lenses was negatively associated with CS performance.Conclusion:  We have provided reference values for mesopic CS and identified factors important for CS. The difference between mesopic and photopic measurements highlights the need for separate population norms. The new ICS score may be a useful collective descriptor of the traditional CS curve with five frequencies.
Significantly increased risk of cancer in diabetes mellitus patients: A meta‐analysis of epidemiological evidence in Asians and non‐Asians
Authors: Noto Hiroshi , Tsujimoto Tetsuro , Noda Mitsuhiko 
Published: December 2011

AbstractAims/Introduction:  Emerging evidence from observational studies suggests that diabetes mellitus affects the cancer risk. However, whether there are differences in the magnitude of the influence of diabetes among ethnic groups is unknown.Materials and Methods:  We searched MEDLINE and the Cochrane Library for pertinent articles that had been published as of 4 April 2011, and included them in a meta‐analysis of the risk of all‐cancer mortality and incidence in diabetic subjects.Results:  A total of 33 studies were included in the meta‐analysis, and they provided 156,132 diabetic subjects for the mortality analysis and 993,884 for the incidence analysis. Cancer mortality was approximately 3%, and cancer incidence was approximately 8%. The pooled adjusted risk ratio (RR) of all‐cancer mortality was significantly higher than for non‐diabetic people (RR 1.32 [CI 1.20–1.45] for Asians; RR 1.16 [CI 1.01–1.34] for non‐Asians). Diabetes was also associated with an increased RR of incidence across all cancer types (RR 1.23 [CI 1.09–1.39] for Asians; RR 1.15 [CI 0.94–1.43] for non‐Asians). The RR of incident cancer for Asian men was significantly higher than for non‐Asian men (P = 0.021).Conclusions:  Diabetes is associated with a higher risk for incident cancer in Asian men than in non‐Asian men. In light of the exploding global epidemic of diabetes, particularly in Asia, a modest increase in the cancer risk will translate into a substantial socioeconomic burden. Our current findings underscore the need for clinical attention and better‐designed studies of the complex interactions between diabetes and cancer. (J Diabetes Invest, doi: 10.1111/j.2040‐1124.2011.00183.x, 2012)
Biased thinking assessed by external observers in borderline personality disorder
Authors: Kramer Ueli , Vaudroz Cynthia , Ruggeri Ornella , Drapeau Martin 
Published: December 2011

Objectives. Biased thinking (to some extent overlapping with the concepts of cognitive distortions and cognitive errors) is a key concept in cognitive therapy of Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD). Specific contents and cognitive processes related to BPD functioning are known. However, most studies are based on self‐report measures which present a number of important limitations, in particular the difficulty in assessing non‐conscious processes infused by affect. So far, no studies were conducted using valid observer‐rated methodology addressing the question of biased thinking in BPD as it unfolds spontaneously in session.Design. This is a controlled interview study comparing two matched groups, BPD patients and healthy controls.Methods. A total of N= 25 clinical dynamic interviews with patients presenting with BPD were transcribed and rated using the Cognitive Errors Rating Scale (Drapeau, Perry, & Dunkley, 2008); their cognitive profiles were compared to those of N= 25 healthy controls who underwent the same procedure.Results. Overall, results indicated that no between‐group difference in the frequency of specific biases was found. However, heightened levels of negative cognitive biases, in particular over‐generalizing and fortune‐telling, were associated with BPD. Furthermore, negative over‐generalizing was associated with the number of BPD symptoms.Conclusions. These results have high levels of ecological validity and are promising for the refinement of cognitive theory of BPD. Clinical implications for assessment and intervention are discussed.
Genome-Wide CpG Island Profiling of Intraductal Papillary Mucinous Neoplasms of the Pancreas
Authors: Hong Seung-Mo , Omura Noriyuki , Vincent Audrey , Li Ang , Knight Spencer , Yu Jun , Hruban Ralph H. , Goggins Michael 
Published: December 2011

Abstract
Purpose: Intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (IPMN) are precursors to infiltrating pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas. Widespread epigenetic alterations are characteristic of many cancers, yet few studies have systematically analyzed epigenetic alterations of neoplastic precursors. Our goal was to conduct genome-wide CpG island methylation profiling to identify aberrantly methylated loci in IPMNs.
Experimental Design: We compared the CpG island methylation profiles of six IPMNs to normal primary pancreatic duct samples using methylation CpG island amplification (MCA) and Agilent CpG island microarray (MCAM) analysis. When selected 13 genes identified as differentially methylated by MCAM for methylation-specific PCR (MSP) analysis in an independent set of IPMNs and normal pancreas samples and conducted expression analysis of selected genes.
Results: We identified 2,259 loci as differentially methylated in at least one of six IPMNs including 245 genes hypermethylated in IPMNs with high-grade dysplasia compared with normal pancreatic duct samples. Eleven of 13 genes evaluated by MSP were more commonly methylated in 61 IPMNs than in 43 normal pancreas samples. Several genes (BNIP3, PTCHD2, SOX17, NXPH1, EBF3) were significantly more likely to be methylated in IPMNs with high-grade than with low-grade dysplasia. One gene, SOX17, showed loss of protein expression by immunohistochemistry in 22% (19 of 88) of IPMNs. The most specific marker, BNIP3, was not methylated in any IPMNs with low-grade dysplasia or in normal pancreas samples.
Conclusions: IPMNs undergo extensive aberrant CpG island hypermethylation. The detection of genes selectively methylated in high-grade IPMNs such as BNIP3 may have use in the clinical evaluation of IPMNs. Clin Cancer Res; 18(3); 700–12. ©2011 AACR.
Neuropsychological functioning in migraine: Clinical and research implications
Authors: Suhr Julie A , Seng Elizabeth K 
Published: December 2011

Aim: We review the research literature examining neuropsychological performance in migraine. Findings were organized by neuropsychological construct assessed and results were reported using effect size conventions. Factors considered in explaining results included sample characteristics, migraine factors, and control for non-migraine variables. Findings: There is weak evidence for deficits in processing speed, attention, verbal memory, verbal skills, working memory, sustained attention, and inhibition in migraine relative to healthy controls. There are mixed results regarding deficits in visual memory, motor dexterity, visuospatial/constructional skills, visual reasoning, and mental flexibility in migraine relative to healthy controls. Mixed findings do not seem to be consistently related to study characteristics or presence of aura; other important migraine factors (such as migraine severity or presence of neuroradiological findings) remain understudied. Relative to non-healthy control groups, however, there is weak evidence for an effect of migraine in any cognitive domain. Longitudinal studies provide little evidence that neuropsychological functioning worsens over time in migraine or that migraine is a risk factor for Alzheimer’s disease. Research implications: It remains possible that cognitive dysfunction is seen in only a subset of migraine sufferers, perhaps those with more severe illness or neurological involvement; however, more research is needed to examine this issue. Non-migraine differences among migraine sufferers, including medical and psychiatric comorbidities and variables associated with treatment seeking, may partially account for inconsistent findings and should be evaluated for in future research. Clinical implications: Clinicians should refer migraine patients for comprehensive neuropsychological evaluation only when there is sufficient evidence for concern. Such evaluations should include consideration of other psychological, neurological, and medical contributors to both migraine and cognitive status.
Ameliorating effects of quercetin and chrysin on 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo- p-dioxin-induced nephrotoxicity in rats
Authors: Ciftci Osman , Ozdemir Ilknur , Vardi Nigar , Beytur Ali , Oguz Fatih 
Published: December 2011

The aim of this study is to investigate the beneficial effects of the quercetin (Q) and chrysin (CH) against nephrotoxicity induced by 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo- p-dioxin (TCDD), a persistent environmental contaminant, in rats. Rats were divided randomly into six equal groups. TCDD, Q and CH were administered by gavages dissolved in corn oil at the doses of 2 µg/kg/week, 20 mg/kg/day and 50 mg/kg/day, respectively. The kidney samples were taken from all rats on day 60 for the determination of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), glutathione (GSH), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels by spectrophotometric method. The results indicated that TCDD significantly induced lipid peroxidation and reduced antioxidant activities in rats. In contrast, Q and CH significantly prevented toxic effects of TCDD via increased GSH, CAT, GPx and SOD levels but decreased formation of TBARS. Also, it was determined that exposure to TCDD leads to significant histological damage in kidney tissue, and these effects can be eliminated with Q and CH treatment. In conclusion, the current study showed that exposure to TCDD can exert nephrotoxicity in rats. When Q and CH were given together with TCDD, they prevented nephrotoxic effects of TCDD. Their preventive effect lends more support to the role of oxidative and histological damage in the overall toxicity of TCDD.
Internet-Based Learning and Applications for Critical Care Medicine
Authors: Wolbrink Traci A. , Burns Jeffrey P. 
Published: December 2011

Purpose: Recent changes in duty hour allowances and economic constraints are forcing a paradigm shift in graduate medical education in the United States. Internet-based learning is a rapidly growing component of postgraduate medical education, including the field of critical care medicine. Here, we define the key concepts of Internet-based learning, summarize the current literature, and describe how Internet-based learning may be uniquely suited for the critical care provider. Methods: A MEDLINE/PubMed search from January 2000 to July 2011 using the search terms: “e-learning,” “Web-based learning,” “computer-aided instruction,” “adult learning,” “knowledge retention,” “intensive care,” and “critical care.” Results: The growth of the Internet is marked by the development of new technologies, including more user-derived tools. Nonmedical fields have embraced Internet-based learning as a valuable teaching tool. A recent meta-analysis described Internet-based learning in the medical field as being more effective than no intervention and likely as efficacious as traditional teaching methods. Web sites containing interactive features are aptly suited for the adult learner, complementing the paradigm shift to more learner-centered education. Interactive cases, simulators, and games may allow for improvement in clinical care. The total time spent utilizing Internet-based resources, as well as the frequency of returning to those sites, may influence educational gains. Conclusion: Internet-based learning may provide an opportunity for assistance in the transformation of medical education. Many features of Web-based learning, including interactivity, make it advantageous for the adult medical learner, especially in the field of critical care medicine, and further work is necessary to develop a robust learning platform incorporating a variety of learning modalities for critical care providers.
An analytic formulation for blind modal identification
Authors: McNeill SI 
Published: December 2011

In this paper a complex-valued formulation of the modal superposition equation is provided and shown to be equivalent to the original, real-valued Blind Modal IDentification (BMID) problem. The complex-valued variant involves the analytic form of the physical and modal responses. The formulation is shown to be more concise and straightforward than the original. It is noted that complex-valued mode shapes can be obtained using a complex version of the two-step Joint Approximate Diagonalization (JAD) algorithm. Using this approach the modal response pairing step of the original BMID method is eliminated. Since the development of the original BMID method, several new, one-step JAD algorithms have been devised. Many of the algorithms can be extended to identify complex mixing matrices. A complex version of the one-step JAD method known as the Weighted Exhaustive Diagonalization with Gauss itErations algorithm is utilized to solve for the complex mode shapes and modal responses. By using this simplified formulation, the whitening step is eliminated, as well as the modal response pairing step, which is necessary in the original BMID algorithm. Performance of the new Complex BMID (CBMID) algorithm is evaluated by application to synthesized data from a three-degrees-of-freedom system with complex modes, application to measured laboratory data on a structural frame and application to measured output-only data from the Heritage Court Tower building. It is seen that the CBMID method results in essentially the same estimates of modal responses, complex mode shapes, natural frequencies and modal damping compared to results from BMID. Furthermore, it is shown that modal parameters from BMID and CBMID are very consistent with those obtained from state-of-the-art methods, such as the Eigensystem Realization Algorithm and the covariance-driven Stochastic Subspace Identification method.