bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Correlation between sleep disorder, anxiety, depression, and sarcopenia in multiethnic areas of western China
Authors: Xu Zhigang , Liu Xiaolei , Ning Huang , Zhang Gongchang , Jia Shuli , Xia Xin , Hu Fengjuan , Ge Meiling , Dong Birong 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background
Sarcopenia not only leads to impaired physical function but may also be associated with changes in sleep and mental health as individuals age. Research on the relationship between sleep, anxiety, and depression and adultonset sarcopenia is limited; however, there are no reports indicating the relationship between them and the different groups of sarcopenia. The aim of this study is to explore the correlation between sarcopenia (diagnosed sarcopenia, severe sarcopenia) and sleep, anxiety, and depression in different groups in the multiethnic region of western China based on the 2019 Asian sarcopenia diagnostic criteria.
Methods
The diagnostic method recommended by the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia in 2019 was used to screen for sarcopenia. The population in the multiethnic region of western China included in this study underwent bioelectrical impedance analysis to classify sarcopenia into the diagnosed sarcopenia and severe sarcopenia groups, while also recording other data for analysis. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, the 7-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder Questionnaire, and the 15-item geriatric depression scale were used to assess the sleep quality, anxiety, and depression status of participants, respectively. Multiple logistic regression multivariate analysis was used to determine the relationship among sleep, anxiety, depression, and the different types of sarcopenia.
Results
Among the 4500 participants surveyed in the western region of China, 408 (9.06%) were identified as having myasthenia gravis and 618 (13.73%) as having severe myasthenia gravis, whereas 2015 individuals (44.78%) had poor sleep quality, 842 (18.71%) had anxiety, and 1045 (23.22%) had depression. Sleep abnormalities were associated with severe sarcopenia (odds ratio [OR]: 0.717, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.550–0.934), whereas depression was associated with diagnosed sarcopenia (OR: 1.289, 95%CI 1.032–1.608) and severe sarcopenia (OR: 1.622, 95%CI 1.032–1.608).
Conclusion
The western region of China is a multiethnic area with 44.78% of participants > 50 years of age experiencing poor sleep quality, 18.71% suffering from anxiety, and 23.22% experiencing depression. It may be possible to delay or reduce the severity of sarcopenia by early intervention in improving sleep quality and alleviating depression.
Clinical trial number
: ChiCTR1800018895
Anomalous Gate-tunable Capacitance in Graphene Moiré Heterostructures
Authors: Shi Yanmeng , Chen Linshang , Long Haoran , Wu Heng , Mei Rui , Su Zhengyu , Feng Mengjie , Wu Jiangbin , Watanabe Kenji , Taniguchi Takashi , Cao Xuewei , Wei Zhongming , Tan Ping-Heng 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Moiré ferroelectricity in graphene/hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) heterostructures driven by charge ordering instead of traditional lattice displacement has drawn considerable attention because of its fascinating properties and promising applications in neuromorphic computing and so on. Combining the interface engineered ferroelectricity and strong correlations in moiré heterostructures could enable the realization of novel quantum states such as ferroelectric superconductivity and multiferroicity. Here we study the electronic transport properties of twisted double bilayer graphene (TDBLG), aligned with one of the neighbouring hBN. We observe a strong gating hysteresis and the electronic ratchet effect. We find that the top gate is anomalously screened, while the back gate is anomalously doubly efficient in injecting charges into graphene, that is, the effective back gate capacitance is two times larger than its geometry capacitance. This unexpected gate-tunable capacitance causes a dramatic change in electric fields between forward and backward scans. The anomalous change in capacitance could be explained with a spontaneous electric polarization located between top hBN and graphene. Our work provides more insights into the mysterious ferroelectricity in graphene/hBN moiré heterostructures and paves the way to the understanding of the underlying mechanism.
Causal relationship between gut microbiota and diabetic complications: a two- sample Mendelian Randomization study
Authors: Liu Jinya , Chen Yuanyuan , Peng Cheng 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background: Imbalances in gut microbiota (GM) have been proposed as a potential contributing factor to diabetic complications; however, the causal relationship remains incompletely understood.
Methods: Summary statistics were obtained from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of 196 gut microbial taxa, including 9 phyla, 16 classes, 20 orders, 32 families, and 119 genera. These data were then analyzed using mediation Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses to explore the potential mediating effect of diabetes complications risk factors on the relationship between gut microbiota and specific diabetic complications such as diabetic kidney disease (DKD), ketoacidosis, and diabetic retinopathy (DR).
Results: In our Mendelian analysis, we observed negative associations between Bifidobacterial order and Actinomycete phylum with DKD in type 1 diabetes (T1D) as well as early DKD in T1D. Conversely, these taxa showed positive associations with ketoacidosis in type 2 diabetes (T2D). In reverse Mendelian analysis, we found that DR in both T1D and T2D as well as ketoacidosis in T2D affected the abundance of Eubacterium fissicaten genus and LachnospiraceaeUCG010 family within the gut flora.
Conclusions: Our findings provide compelling evidence for causal relationships between specific GM taxa and various diabetes complications. These insights contribute valuable knowledge for developing treatments targeting diabetes-related complications.
Effect of training sequences on the maximum strength and explosive power of the lower limbs
Authors: WANG Shuo , YI Qing , GUO Yiran , CHEN Zitong 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

This study investigated the effects of different 8-week concurrent training sequences on the maximal strength and explosive power of lower extremities in male college students. Forty male students from sports colleges were divided into four groups, following the same training content and load over an 8-week period and prioritizing different types of training: resistance-training (GCOM1 RT + ET), endurance-training (GCOM1 ET + RT), two-session resistance-training (GCOM2 RT + ET), and two-session endurance-training (GCOM2 ET + RT) priority groups. The one-repetition maximum (1RM) deep squat score improved significantly after different training sequences (F = 12.240, p < 0.001, ES = 0.238). Post hoc two-by-two comparisons showed that the effect size was significantly lower in the GCOM1 RT + ET (p < 0.05), GCOM2 RT + ET (p < 0.05), and GCOM2 ET + RT (p < 0.05) groups. The 1RM hard pull improved significantly after different training sequences (F = 3.674, p = 0.021, ES = 0.234). Post hoc two-by-two comparisons showed that the degree of variables was significantly lower in the endurance-first group than in the two-session strength-first group (p < 0.05) and the two-session endurance-first group (p < 0.05). Squat jumps improved significantly after different training sequences (F = 12.405, p < 0.001, ES = 0.508). Post hoc two-by-two comparisons showed that the degree of variables was significantly higher in the strength-first exercise group during the same session than in the endurance-first exercise group during the same session (p < 0.05), two-session strength-first exercise group (p < 0.05), and two-session endurance-first exercise group (p < 0.05). Squat jumps improved after different training sequences without significant differences (F = 0.495, p = 0.688, ES = 0.004). The GCOM2 training sequence was more effective than the GCOM1 sequence in improving the maximum strength of the lower limbs. The RT + ET training sequence was more effective in improving the countermovement jump height using the GCOM1 training sequence. Future research should consider factors such as training pattern and intensity.
Core competencies of different-level clinical nurse specialists: A comparative study between two years
Authors: Zhao Yafang , Lai Xiaoxing , Zheng Danping , Zhang Xinyue , Zhang Hongmei , Huo Xiaopeng 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background: To promote the collaborative development of CNSs at different levels, it is necessary to have a targeted understanding of the current core capabilities of CNSs at different levels. The study aims to describe and compare the core competencies of clinical nurse specialist (CNS) between two years in China and investigate the differences among three levels of expertise of CNSs: primary, intermediate, and advanced.
Methods: This is a cross-sectional study. An online survey was conducted in 5 November, 2021 and 7 November, 2023. The study was conducted in a grade 3A hospital in China. A population sample of clinical nurse specialists from China was recruited. Core competency was assessed through a self-evaluation strategy, and the assessment instrument included five first-level domains and 35 items. The data were analysed based on their level and survey year.
Results: A total of 483 clinical nurse specialists, classified into primary, intermediate, and advanced levels of expertise, participated in the study. The average CNS competency scores increased after two years (P=.002). Among the primary-level CNSs, the scores for all five core competencies significantly differed from 2021 to 2023 (P= .032, .009, .031, .006, .047). The competency of intermediate-level CNSs improved throughout the two years, and their scores for ‘consulting and teaching’ and ‘management and leadership’ were significantly different (P< .001). For advanced-level CNSs, self-assessment scores all increased but were not significantly different.
Conclusion: After two years of working at the clinic and receiving further education, the overall core abilities of specialized nurses improved. The performance improvement of intermediate specialized nurses is particularly outstanding, and they are the most popular among colleagues in clinical practice and can provide effective care for patients. The core abilities of primary and intermediate clinical nurse specialists need to be further improved to meet the more urgent needs of hospitals and patients in difficult clinical problems, team management, and professional development.
Infection pattern of male-killing viruses alters phenotypes in the tea tortrix moth, Homona magnanima
Authors: Takamatsu Takumi , Arai Hiroshi , Itoh Yoshiyuki , Wu Chien-Fu , Kitaura Kentaro , Inoue Maki 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Male-killing is a microbe-induced reproductive manipulation in invertebrates whereby male hosts are eliminated during development. In the tea tortrix moth Homona magnanima, Osugoroshi viruses 1‒3 (OGVs/ Partitiviridae) induce male-killing. OGVs co-infect with a host individual, however, it is still unclear how infection patterns influence host phenotypes remains largely unknown. Using field-collected larvae, we established the OGV1 and OGV3 double infection line, in addition to a triple infection line, and examined the dsRNA segments, purified viral proteins, OGVs density, and host phenotypes. PCR analysis showed that the triple infection line lost one dsRNA segment, while the double infection line lost eight segments including one RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) gene. LC-MS analysis detected three potential structural proteins in the OGVs. Males died in the larval stage when infected with three different OGVs and at the embryo-larval stages when infected with OGVs 1 and OGV3, even though no apparent correlation between virus density and lethal stages was found. Compared to the triple infection line, the larval period of the double infection line was significantly longer. These results suggest that, rather than viral density, the pattern of viral infection controls the stage of development at which male-killing occurs. The shorter larval period of in the triple-infection line would probably be advantageous over the double-infection line in maximizing transmission efficiency.
Assessment of the elevation-dependent warming of land surface temperatures in the Qinling-Daba Mountains and its relationship with land surface albedo and aerosol optical depth from 2001 to 2021
Authors: Lian Yuanyuan , Tang Jiale , Zhang Yanli , Zhao Fang , Yu Haifang , Zheng Zhixian , Wang Yumeng 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

In this paper, we examined the elevation-dependent warming (EDW) patterns of MODIS LST across different seasons in the Qinling-Daba Mountains, further investigate the connections between the EDW patterns of LST and ALB as well as AOD. The key findings include: 1) Our study reveals a robust correlation between LST and air temperature in the Qinling-Daba Mountains, suggesting the feasibility of using MODIS LST to predict the temperature trends 2) During the period from 2001 to 2010, MODIS LST shows a significant EDW trend, primarily in the spring season. In contrast, a negative EDW is observed in the period during 2011–2021, which is contrary to the earlier decade, particularly during the autumn and winter seasons. 3) EDW of MODIS LST is affected by the combination of ALB and AOD. The former has a negative influence on the change of LST, particularly above 2500 m in elevation. However, the latter is negatively correlated with the trend of MODIS LST, primarily at lower and middle altitudes (0-2500 m). This study gives a comprehensive explanation for the EDW of the temporal variations of LST in the Qinling-Daba Mountains to improve our understanding of the complex interactions and potential future climate scenarios in the region.
Traffic Safety Evaluation and Accident Modelling at Horro Guduru Wallaga Zone
Authors: Garoma Shiferaw , Tolera Daniel , Kumar Sitesh 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

One of the principal reasons of losses and wounds international was traffic accidents. Ethiopia was among the top nations for traffic coincidences. The aim of the investigation was to determine the main causes that contribute to traffic accidents on the roads in the Horro Guduru Wallaga Zone, to investigate these factors and suggest potential solutions, and to gather empirical data on the viability of existing solutions to problems. The objective of this study was to measure Road Traffic accident associated subjects to Horro Guduru Wallaga zone in terms of time. The key data essential for the study would be gathered from the daily road traffic accident records present of the zone. In this study, the management status and factors connected to drivers in the Horro Guduru Wallaga Zone were to be determined. Structured interviews and both open-ended & closed-ended surveys were created for population of the chosen sample. There were 520 samples drawn from these target demographics, distributed among five sites in the zone: 300 were pedestrians, 170 were drivers & 50 were traffic police & other relevant accountable entities. Demographic factors, excessive speeding, overloading, driving while intoxicated, overtaking too closely, and inexperienced driving are all issues associated with the driver. Participants also gave their opinions on the distribution of adequate traffic police, the lack of road signals & symbols, the failure to raise community awareness, the absence of combined efforts with institutions (both governmental & non-governmental), the lack of commitment from supervising bodies, & dishonesty. Last but not least, the researchers advised other investigators who were attracted in this field to broaden their study zone & contain documenting accidents & measuring vehicle speeds appropriately. In general, the mixed traffic flow in congested and heavily pedestrianized areas, improper management of public transportation in urban areas, subpar vehicle quality, poor upkeep & expansion of roads, carelessness on the part of drivers outstanding to inadequate exercise and challenging, carelessness on the part of pedestrians unpaid to lax laws, and poor traffic governor & enforcement all contribute to a higher risk of accidents on the roads of Horro Guduru Wallaga Zone.
Examining environmental sustainability in last-mile delivery: a quality function deployment analysis
Authors: Agarwal Alpana , Ojha Ravindra 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Considering the unprecedented growth in last-mile delivery (LMD) of goods in the e-commerce business, the paper aims to analyze its related environmental sustainability concerns. It involves prioritizing the barriers to sustainable LMD and recommending countermeasures to minimise the growing adverse impact of last-mile logistics on the environment. The Quality Function Deployment (QFD) approach is applied to convert the LMD barriers into sustainable LMD design requirements. It utilizes Delphi approach to capture inputs for the development of the House of Quality (HOQ) framework. The analysis from the HOQ has highlighted that four dominant barriers contribute approximately 70% to the total sustainability issues of LMD. These are high emissions due to fossil-fuelled vehicles, lack of consumer awareness, increasing traffic congestion due to delivery vehicles, and growing expectations from today’s end-consumers. Five out of the nine countermeasures identified together have a significant 72% contribution in mitigating the adverse impact of the growing LMD.
Precise determining lymphovascular infiltration and the role of tumor-associated macrophage in cervical cancer
Authors: Guan Liming , Xu Xuexiang , Xu Junhao , Xu Gang , Zhang Yunzhu , Xia Haitao 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background: Accurate determination of lymphovascular infiltration(LVI) status can guide the accurate surgical scope of cervical cancer patients and improve the prognosis.
But LVI reduces overall survival (OS) of cervical cancer patients and not easy detected by routine HE staining.The role of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) in this process is not well defined.
Methods: Early stage cervical cancer patients received carbon nanoparticles(CNP) for sentinel lymph nodes(SLNs) mapping,laparotomy pelvic lymph node dissection and radical hysterectomy.The samples were detected for ultra staging,cocktail double immunohistochemical(IHC) staining, Flow cytometry and Western blot anlysis.
Results: The combine of CNP mapping,ultra staging and double IHC staining enhance determining ratio for tumor LVI than that of HE staining alone(41.8% (41/98) vs. 20.4% (20/98), P=0.046)).
When the number of vascular invasion foci>2.0,or the number of cancer emboli cells ≥5.3, there was negative correlation with the OS for patients (p < 0.05).
More M2 macrophage emerged surrounding the tumor vasculature detected by double IHC staining, accompanied higher M2/M1 ratio detected by flow cytometry detection (P<0.05). M2 TAMs number was positive correlation to the number of tumor LVI(P=0.0024),indicating M2 TAMs increased in tumor LVI infiltration.TAMs related genes MMP2,SPARC and GNLY expessed higher level in tumor in Western blot analysis, while the OS of the patients decreased accordingly.
Conclusions: The CNP mapping combined with double IHC staining could improve the precision surgical detection rate of cervical cancer LVI. M2 macrophages polarization and related markers increased cervical cancer tissure LVI.
Being autonomous in dialysis: Association with occupational status, social activity level, quality of life, and physical activity level
Authors: Huré Fabrice , Laruelle Eric , Dolley-Hitze Thibault , Chazot Charles , Bayat Sahar , Couchoud Cécile 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Introduction. End-stage kidney disease radically alters the patients’ lives. The aim of this study was to compare the levels of employment, financial assistance, global activities, quality of life, and energy expenditure in patients according to the autonomous dialysis modality: Long Nocturnal Hemodialysis (LNHD), Daily Home Hemodialysis (DHHD), Automated Peritoneal Dialysis (APD), and hemodialysis in a self-care unit. Methods. Voluntary patients (n = 182) treated with an autonomous dialysis modality completed an anonymous e-questionnaire that included items on type of paid employment, voluntary work and leisure activities, and three self-report questionnaires (SONG-Fatigue, Recent Physical Activity Questionnaire, and EuroQol EQ-5D-5L). Results. Overall, 33% of patients had a remunerated activity, 10% of patients were considered as sedentary and 39.6% reported an important physical activity. The SONG-Fatigue median score was 3 (IQR 2–5). Moreover, 54%, 89% and 56% of patients did not report any problem with mobility, self-care, and usual activities, respectively. In addition, 35% of patients did not complain about pain or discomfort and 59% had no anxiety or depression symptoms. Patients estimated their global health status at 60 (IQ 50–80). The LNHD group had more often a remunerated activity and the DHHD group reported fewer problems with usual activities. The APD and LNHD groups experienced pain more often. Conclusion. This study showed a significant overall impact of dialysis on the patients’ daily life with some differences according to the dialysis modality.
Optical skyrmions from metafibers with subwavelength features
Authors: Xiao Qirong , He Tiantian , Meng Yuan , Wang Lele , Zhong Hongkun , Mata-Cervera Nilo , Li Dan , Yan Ping , Liu Qiang , Shen Yijie 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Optical skyrmions are an emerging class of structured light with sophisticated particle-like topologies with great potential for revolutionizing modern informatics. However, the current generation of optical skyrmions involves complex or bulky systems, hindering the development of practical applications. Here, exploiting the emergent “lab-on-fiber” technology, we demonstrate the design of a metafiber-integrated photonic skyrmion generator. We not only successfully generated high-quality optical skyrmions from metafibers, but also experimentally verified their remarkable properties, such as topology switchable and topological stability with subwavelength features beyond the diffraction limits. Our flexible and fiber-integrated optical skyrmions platform paves the avenue for future applications of topologically-enhanced remote super-resolution microscopy and super-robust information transfer.
Intrinsic Gata4 expression sensitizes the aortic root to dilation in a Loeys-Dietz syndrome mouse model
Authors: Bramel Emily , Camejo Wendy Espinoza , Creamer Tyler , Restrepo Leda , Saqib Muzna , Bagirzadeh Rustam , Zeng Anthony , Mitchell Jacob , Stein-O’Brien Genevieve , Pedroza Albert , Fischbein Michael , Dietz Harry , MacFarlane Elena Gallo 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Loeys-Dietz syndrome (LDS) is an aneurysm disorder caused by mutations that decrease transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) signaling. Although aneurysms develop throughout the arterial tree, the aortic root is a site of heightened risk. To identify molecular determinants of this vulnerability, we investigated the heterogeneity of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) in the aorta of Tgfbr1M318R/+ LDS mice by single cell and spatial transcriptomics. Reduced expression of components of the extracellular matrix-receptor apparatus and upregulation of stress and inflammatory pathways were observed in all LDS VSMCs. However, regardless of genotype, a subset of Gata4-expressing VSMCs predominantly located in the aortic root intrinsically displayed a less differentiated, proinflammatory profile. A similar population was also identified among aortic VSMCs in a human scRNAseq dataset. Postnatal VSMC-specific Gata4 deletion reduced aortic root dilation in LDS mice, suggesting that this factor sensitizes the aortic root to the effects of impaired TGF-β signaling.