bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
LncRNA in periodontal tissue‐derived cells on osteogenic differentiation in the periodontitis field
Authors: Du Yuanhang , Guan Xiaoyan , Zhu Yinci , Jin Suhan , Liu Jianguo 
Published: April 2024

AbstractObjectivePeriodontitis can lead to the destruction of periodontal tissues and potentially tooth loss. Numerous periodontal tissue‐derived cells display osteogenic differentiation potential. The presence of differentially expressed long non‐coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in these cells indicate their ability to regulate the process of osteogenic differentiation. We aim to elucidate the various lncRNA‐mediated regulatory mechanisms in the osteogenic differentiation of periodontal tissue‐derived cells in the field of periodontitis at epigenetic modification, transcriptional, and post‐transcriptional levels.Subjects and MethodsWe systematically searched the PubMed, Web of Science, and ScienceDirect databases to identify relevant literature in the field of periodontitis discussing the role of lncRNAs in regulating osteogenic differentiation of periodontal tissue‐derived cells. The identified literature was subsequently summarized for comprehensive review.ResultsIn this review, we have comprehensively summarized the regulatory mechanisms of lncRNAs in the osteogenic differentiation of periodontal tissue‐derived cells in the field of periodontitis and discussed how these lncRNAs provide novel perspectives for understanding the pathogenesis and progression of periodontitis.ConclusionThese results indicate the pivotal role of lncRNAs as regulators in the osteogenic differentiation of periodontal tissue‐derived cells, providing a solid basis for future investigations on the role of lncRNAs in the periodontitis field.
Detecting change in graffiti using a hybrid framework
Authors: Wild Benjamin , Verhoeven Geert , Muszyński Rafał , Pfeifer Norbert 
Published: April 2024

AbstractGraffiti, by their very nature, are ephemeral, sometimes even vanishing before creators finish them. This transience is part of graffiti's allure yet signifies the continuous loss of this often disputed form of cultural heritage. To counteract this, graffiti documentation efforts have steadily increased over the past decade. One of the primary challenges in any documentation endeavour is identifying and recording new creations. Image‐based change detection can greatly help in this process, effectuating more comprehensive documentation, less biased digital safeguarding and improved understanding of graffiti. This paper introduces a novel and largely automated image‐based graffiti change detection method. The methodology uses an incremental structure‐from‐motion approach and synthetic cameras to generate co‐registered graffiti images from different areas. These synthetic images are fed into a hybrid change detection pipeline combining a new pixel‐based change detection method with a feature‐based one. The approach was tested on a large and publicly available reference dataset captured along the Donaukanal (Eng. Danube Canal), one of Vienna's graffiti hotspots. With a precision of 87% and a recall of 77%, the results reveal that the proposed change detection workflow can indicate newly added graffiti in a monitored graffiti‐scape, thus supporting a more comprehensive graffiti documentation.
The young Leibniz's tentative acceptance of physical occasionalism
Authors: Henkel Christian 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIn this article, I revisit Leibniz's early views on physical causation, more specifically, his relation to physical occasionalism focusing on the period from 1668 to 1676. An in‐depth analysis of the Confession of Nature against the Atheists taken together with the Catholic Demonstrations, Leibniz's correspondence with Jakob Thomasius from 1668/69, and the Pacidius Philalethi (1676) serve as evidence that his position leads to physical occasionalism. This receives further confirmation by taking into account Leibniz's familiarity with Weigel's occasionalism in contrast to Leibniz's later encounter of French occasionalism à la Cordemoy, La Forge, or Malebranche. Leibniz's exposure to Weigel's occasionalism, in turn, helps us better understand Leibniz's later critical reaction to occasionalism and how occasionalism helped him develop his own distinct views on causation as expressed in his mature philosophy.
Twisted L2$L^2$‐Betti numbers for sofic groups
Authors: Boschheidgen Jan , Jaikin‐Zapirain Andrei 
Published: April 2024

AbstractFor a given group , Wolfgang Lück asked whether twisting a chain complex of finitely generated free ‐modules with a finite‐dimensional complex representation of before passing to the ‐completion has no other effect on ‐Betti numbers than a scaling by the factor . The purpose of the article is to answer this question affirmatively provided is sofic.
Learning‐induced bidirectional enhancement of inhibitory synaptic metaplasticity
Authors: Kundu Sankhanava , Paul Blesson , Reuevni Iris , Lamprecht Raphael , Barkai Edi 
Published: April 2024

AbstractTraining rodents in a particularly difficult olfactory‐discrimination (OD) task results in the acquisition of the ability to perform the task well, termed ‘rule learning’. In addition to enhanced intrinsic excitability and synaptic excitation in piriform cortex pyramidal neurons, rule learning results in increased synaptic inhibition across the whole cortical network to the point where it precisely maintains the balance between inhibition and excitation. The mechanism underlying such precise inhibitory enhancement remains to be explored. Here, we use brain slices from transgenic mice (VGAT‐ChR2‐EYFP), enabling optogenetic stimulation of single GABAergic neurons and recordings of unitary synaptic events in pyramidal neurons. Quantal analysis revealed that learning‐induced enhanced inhibition is mediated by increased quantal size of the evoked inhibitory events. Next, we examined the plasticity of synaptic inhibition induced by long‐lasting, intrinsically evoked spike firing in post‐synaptic neurons. Repetitive depolarizing current pulses from depolarized (−70 mV) or hyperpolarized (−90 mV) membrane potentials induced long‐term depression (LTD) and long‐term potentiation (LTP) of synaptic inhibition, respectively. We found a profound bidirectional increase in the ability to induce both LTD, mediated by L‐type calcium channels, and LTP, mediated by R‐type calcium channels after rule learning. Blocking the GABAB receptor reversed the effect of intrinsic stimulation at −90 mV from LTP to LTD. We suggest that learning greatly enhances the ability to modify the strength of synaptic inhibition of principal neurons in both directions. Such plasticity of synaptic plasticity allows fine‐tuning of inhibition on each particular neuron, thereby stabilizing the network while maintaining the memory of the rule.
imageKey points
Olfactory discrimination rule learning results in long‐lasting enhancement of synaptic inhibition on piriform cortex pyramidal neurons.
Quantal analysis of unitary inhibitory synaptic events, evoked by optogenetic minimal stimulation, revealed that enhanced synaptic inhibition is mediated by increased quantal size.
Surprisingly, metaplasticity of synaptic inhibition, induced by intrinsically evoked repetitive spike firing, is increased bidirectionally. The susceptibility to both long‐term depression (LTD) and long‐term potentiation (LTP) of inhibition is enhanced after learning.
LTD of synaptic inhibition is mediated by L‐type calcium channels and LTP by R‐type calcium channels. LTP is also dependent on activation of GABAB receptors.
We suggest that learning‐induced changes in the metaplasticity of synaptic inhibition enable the fine‐tuning of inhibition on each particular neuron, thereby stabilizing the network while maintaining the memory of the rule.
Vaccines and monoclonal antibodies: new tools for malaria control
Authors: Miura Kazutoyo , Flores-Garcia Yevel , Long Carole A. , Zavala Fidel 
Published: April 2024

SUMMARY

Malaria remains one of the biggest health problems in the world. While significant reductions in malaria morbidity and mortality had been achieved from 2000 to 2015, the favorable trend has stalled, rather significant increases in malaria cases are seen in multiple areas. In 2022, there were 249 million estimated cases, and 608,000 malaria-related deaths, mostly in infants and children aged under 5 years, globally. Therefore, in addition to the expansion of existing anti-malarial control measures, it is critical to develop new tools, such as vaccines and monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), to fight malaria. In the last 2 years, the first and second malaria vaccines, both targeting
Plasmodium falciparum
circumsporozoite proteins (PfCSP), have been recommended by the World Health Organization to prevent
P. falciparum
malaria in children living in moderate to high transmission areas. While the approval of the two malaria vaccines is a considerable milestone in vaccine development, they have much room for improvement in efficacy and durability. In addition to the two approved vaccines, recent clinical trials with mAbs against PfCSP, blood-stage vaccines against
P. falciparum
or
P. vivax
, and transmission-blocking vaccine or mAb against
P. falciparum
have shown promising results. This review summarizes the development of the anti-PfCSP vaccines and mAbs, and recent topics in the blood- and transmission-blocking-stage vaccine candidates and mAbs. We further discuss issues of the current vaccines and the directions for the development of next-generation vaccines.
Japanese encephalitis virus NS1 and NS1’ proteins induce vimentin rearrangement via the CDK1-PLK1 axis to promote viral replication
Authors: Xie Shengda , Yang Xiaoxiao , Yang Xingmiao , Cao Ziyu , Wei Ning , Lin Xinxin , Shi Miaolei , Cao Ruibing 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT

The host cytoskeleton plays crucial roles in various stages of virus infection, including viral entry, transport, replication, and release. However, the specific mechanisms by which intermediate filaments are involved in orthoflavivirus infection have not been well understood. In this study, we demonstrate that the Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) remodels the vimentin network, resulting in the formation of cage-like structures that support viral replication. Mechanistically, JEV NS1 and NS1’ proteins induce the translocation of CDK1 from the nucleus to the cytoplasm and interact with it, leading to the phosphorylation of vimentin at Ser56. This phosphorylation event recruits PLK1, which further phosphorylates vimentin at Ser83. Consequently, these phosphorylation modifications convert the typically filamentous vimentin into non-filamentous “particles” or “squiggles.” These vimentin “particles” or “squiggles” are then transported retrogradely along microtubules to the endoplasmic reticulum, where they form cage-like structures. Notably, NS1’ is more effective than NS1 in triggering the CDK1-PLK1 cascade response. Overall, our study provides new insights into how JEV NS1 and NS1’ proteins manipulate the vimentin network to facilitate efficient viral replication.

IMPORTANCE
Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) is a mosquito-borne orthoflavivirus that causes severe encephalitis in humans, particularly in Asia. Despite the availability of a safe and effective vaccine, JEV infection remains a significant public health threat due to limited vaccination coverage. Understanding the interactions between JEV and host proteins is essential for developing more effective antiviral strategies. In this study, we investigated the role of vimentin, an intermediate filament protein, in JEV replication. Our findings reveal that JEV NS1 and NS1’ proteins induce vimentin rearrangement, resulting in the formation of cage-like structures that envelop the viral replication factories (RFs), thus facilitating efficient viral replication. Our research highlights the importance of the interplay between the cytoskeleton and orthoflavivirus, suggesting that targeting vimentin could be a promising approach for the development of antiviral strategies to inhibit JEV propagation.
Coding-complete genomes of 18 SARS-CoV-2 Omicron JN.1, JN.1.4, and JN.1.11 sub-lineages in Bangladesh
Authors: Tahsin Anika , Hasan Mahin , Rahman Saikt , Jubair Mohammad , Afrad Mokibul Hassan , Khan Manjur Hossain , Alam Md Shaheen , Begum Mst Noorjahan , Karim Md Yeasir , Mukta Sharmin Aktar , Habib Mohammad Tanbir , Alam Ahmed Nawsher , Chowdhury Emran Kabir , Rahman Md Rofiqur , Ryan Edward T. , Shirin Tahmina , Rahman Mustafizur , Qadri Firdausi 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT

We report 18 coding-complete genome sequences of emerging SARS-CoV-2 Omicron sub-lineages JN.1, JN.1.4, and JN.1.11 from Bangladesh. Nasopharyngeal swab samples were obtained from individuals with COVID-19 symptoms between December 2023 and January 2024. Whole genome sequencing was performed following the ARTIC Network-based protocol using Oxford Nanopore Technology.
Conditions of Formation of the Pavlik Gold–Sulfide–Quartz Deposit (Northeast of Russia) According to a Study of Fluid Inclusions
Authors: Volkov A. V. , Prokofiev V. Y. , Aristov V. V. , Sidorova N. V. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The stockwork gold–sulfide–quartz ores of the Pavlik deposit (northeast of Russia) are formed mainly by homogeneous, low saline (9.4–4.3 wt %-eq. NaCl), essentially water–chloride fluid at temperatures of 275–330°C and a fluid pressure of 600–1840 bar. The fluid is characterized by a rather high CO2 content and a reduced methane content, with the ratio of CO2 : CH4 being 17–37.3. In the fluid, among the cations, the main role is played by Na and Ca, and K and Mg are in a subordinate amount. In addition, many trace elements were detected in the fluid composition: As, Li, Rb, Cs, Mo, Ag, Sb, Cu, Zn, Cd, Pb, U, Ga, Ge, Ti, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, V, Cr, Y, Zr, Sn, Ba, W, Au, Hg, and rare-earth elements. The obtained data allow us to suppose that there was a decrease in the depth of ore formation during the formation of the deposit by 4–5 km due to the rise of the ore-bearing block. Attention is drawn to the low fluid pressures for a number of samples (330–140 bar), which may be associated with a separate stage of mineral formation. The ore-forming fluid of the Pavlik deposit in composition, temperatures and pressures shows similarities with the fluids of the neighboring Natalka and Rodionovsky deposits and has a great similarity with typical fluids of orogenic gold deposits. The information given in the article is of great practical importance for regional predictive metallogenic constructions, as well as prospecting and evaluation of gold deposits.
Predictive performance of the common red flags in emergency department headache patients: a HEAD and HEAD-Colombia study
Authors: Chu Kevin , Kelly Anne-Maree , Kuan Win Sen , Kinnear Frances B , Keijzers Gerben , Horner Daniel , Laribi Said , Cardozo Alejandro , Karamercan Mehmet Akif , Klim Sharon , Wijeratne Tissa , Kamona Sinan , Graham Colin A , Body Richard , Roberts Tom 
Published: April 2024

ObjectivesOnly a small proportion of patients presenting to an ED with headache have a serious cause. The SNNOOP10 criteria, which incorporates red and orange flags for serious causes, has been proposed but not well studied. This project aims to compare the proportion of patients with 10 commonly accepted red flag criteria (singly and in combination) between patients with and without a diagnosis of serious secondary headache in a large, multinational cohort of ED patients presenting with headache.MethodsSecondary analysis of data obtained in the HEAD and HEAD-Colombia studies. The outcome of interest was serious secondary headache. The predictive performance of 10 red flag criteria from the SNNOOP10 criteria list was estimated individually and in combination.Results5293 patients were included, of whom 6.1% (95% CI 5.5% to 6.8%) had a defined serious cause identified. New neurological deficit, history of neoplasm, older age (>50 years) and recent head trauma (2–7 days prior) were independent predictors of a serious secondary headache diagnosis. After adjusting for other predictors, sudden onset, onset during exertion, pregnancy and immune suppression were not associated with a serious headache diagnosis. The combined sensitivity of the red flag criteria overall was 96.5% (95% CI 93.2% to 98.3%) but specificity was low, 5.1% (95% CI 4.3% to 6.0%). Positive predictive value was 9.3% (95% CI 8.2% to 10.5%) with negative predictive value of 93.5% (95% CI 87.6% to 96.8%).ConclusionThe sensitivity and specificity of the red flag criteria in this study were lower than previously reported. Regarding clinical practice, this suggests that red flag criteria may be useful to identify patients at higher risk of a serious secondary headache cause, but their low specificity could result in increased rates of CT scanning.Trial registration numberANZCTR376695.
Radiative corrections: from medium to high energy experiments
Authors: Afanasev Andrei , Bernauer Jan C. , Blunden Peter , Blümlein Johannes , Cline Ethan W. , Friedrich Jan M. , Hagelstein Franziska , Husek Tomáš , Kohl Michael , Myhrer Fred , Paz Gil , Schadmand Susan , Schmidt Axel , Sharkovska Vladyslava , Signer Adrian , Tomalak Oleksandr , Tomasi-Gustafsson Egle , Ulrich Yannick , Vanderhaeghen Marc 
Published: April 2024

AbstractRadiative corrections are crucial for modern high-precision physics experiments, and are an area of active research in the experimental and theoretical community. Here we provide an overview of the state of the field of radiative corrections with a focus on several topics: lepton–proton scattering, QED corrections in deep-inelastic scattering, and in radiative light-hadron decays. Particular emphasis is placed on the two-photon exchange, believed to be responsible for the proton form-factor discrepancy, and associated Monte-Carlo codes. We encourage the community to continue developing theoretical techniques to treat radiative corrections, and perform experimental tests of these corrections.
No Prices No Games!
Authors: Richter Michael , Rubinstein Ariel 
Published: April 2024

While current economic theory focuses on prices and games, this book models economic settings where harmony is established through one of the following societal conventions:
•	A power relation according to which stronger agents are able to force weaker ones to do things against their will.
•	A norm that categorizes actions as permissible or forbidden.
•	A status relation over alternatives which limits each agent's choices.
•	Systematic biases in agents' preferences.
These four conventions are analysed using simple and mathematically straightforward models, without any pretensions regarding direct applied usefulness. While we do not advocate for the adoption of any of these conventions specifically – we do advocate that when modelling an economic situation, alternative equilibrium notions should be considered, rather than automatically reaching for the familiar approaches of prices or games.
Pediatric and Young Adult Trauma Recidivism
Authors: Lehane Alison , Wood Elizabeth , Pranikoff Sarah , Avery Martin , Pranikoff Thomas 
Published: April 2024

Introduction Unintentional injury is the leading cause of death among children. Much can be gleaned from the adult literature in understanding the characteristics that lead to recidivism in efforts to establish interventions for prevention. Our study aims to evaluate the rates, demographics, and features of pediatric trauma recidivism. Methods This was a retrospective single-institution review at a level-1 pediatric trauma center of children and young adults (ages 0-28) with traumatic injuries from January 2008 to April 2023. Patients with 1 or more prior visits to our institution’s trauma center (recidivists) were identified and compared with those with single admissions. Chi-square tests were used to statistically analyze the two groups. Results Pediatric/young adult trauma recidivists were 4.4% of the total trauma population captured (n = 14,613). Of the total trauma group, 55% were under 18 years old. Recidivists had higher percentages of patients who were male (82% vs 69%, P < .01), African American (36% vs 24%, P < .01), involved in penetrating trauma (33% vs 17%, P < .01), self-pay/uninsured (17% vs 12%, P < .01), and have abuse reported (5% vs 4%, P = .04). The primary county for recidivism patients was Forsyth with most patients from a specific zip code in an urban area of the county. The average time between visits for recidivists was 1,066 days. Conclusions Pediatric/young adult trauma recidivism is associated with specific characteristics including male, African American race, penetrating trauma, and uninsured status. Recidivists are primarily presenting from a zip code with low socioeconomic status. It is critical to develop targeted interventions to help this population in trauma prevention.
Andexanet Alfa Neutralizes the Anticoagulant Effects of Unfractionated Heparin of Bovine, Ovine and Porcine Origin Almost as Protamine Sulfate
Authors: Siddiqui Fakiha , Hoppensteadt Debra , Jeske Walter , Ramacciotti Eduardo , Tafur Alfonso , Fareed Jawed 
Published: April 2024

Introduction Andexanet alfa (AA) - zhzo, recombinant coagulation factor Xa, is an approved antidote for oral Xa inhibitors (apixaban and rivaroxaban). Unfractionated heparin (UFH) is commonly used for therapeutic, interventional, and surgical indications. Protamine sulfate (PrSO4) is frequently used to neutralize UFH. This study aimed to investigate the comparative neutralization profiles of AA and PrSO4 for heparins of bovine, ovine, and porcine origin. Materials and Methods The neutralization effect of PrSO4 at 25 µg/ml and AA at 100 µg/ml was studied on an approximate surgical/interventional concentration of heparin by supplementing whole blood with each of the heparins at 25 µg/ml. For the clotting profile (activated partial thromboplastin time: aPTT), amidolytic (anti-Xa and anti-IIa), and thrombin generation assay each of the heparin were supplemented from –10–0.62 µg/ml. Results In the whole blood ACT studies, all three heparins produced strong anti-coagulant effects (400–450 seconds) compared to saline (130–150 seconds). Both AA and PrSO4 almost fully neutralized the anti-coagulant effects of heparins (140–160 seconds). Both antidotes completely reversed the anticoagulant effects of all three heparins in the aPTT and thrombin generation assay. However, PrSO4 was more effective in neutralizing the anti-Xa, and anti-IIa effects than AA, which only partially neutralized these effects. Conclusion Andexanet alfa at 100 µg/ml effectively neutralizes the therapeutic and surgical/interventional concentrations of heparins in in-vitro settings. While differences in the anti-Xa, and anti-IIa effects between heparins were noted, anti-coagulant effect of these agents in the aPTT assay were comparable. A similar neutralization profile was observed in the ACT and thrombin generation assays by both agents.