bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
“Show-Me” — Ein ambientes Informationssystem zur Reduktion des Wasserverbrauchs
Authors: Kappel Karin , Grechenig Thomas 
Published: October 2011

Zusammenfassung
Der weltweite Wasserverbrauch steigt stetig, während die existierenden Süßwasserressourcen immer geringer werden. Aus diesem Grund ist es unerlässlich, sich auch über den täglichen Wasserverbrauch Gedanken zu machen und neuartige Lösungen in diesem Bereich anzuwenden, um insgesamt zu einer Verbrauchsreduktion beizutragen. Ein ausgezeichneter Ansatzpunkt ist dabei die tägliche Dusche, die für eine Vielzahl von Menschen ein wichtiges Ritual darstellt. Je nach Badarmatur oder Duschgewohnheit wird so jeden Tag eine große Menge an Wasser — meist sogar unbewusst — verbraucht. Die Dusche birgt daher ein dementsprechendes Einsparungspotential. Um nachhaltiges Verhalten zu fördern und eine permanente Verhaltensänderung herbeizuführen, hat sich Feedback laut diversen Studien aus unterschiedlichen Bereichen bewährt. Eine Erweiterung des Feedbacks in Form von subtilem Feedback mit Hilfe von Licht, ermöglicht es den Benutzer auf seinen persönlichen Wasserverbrauch aufmerksam zu machen und stimuliert bzw. fördert so ein nachhaltigeres Duschverhalten. Zu diesem Zweck haben wir einen Prototyp entwickelt, mit dem der Effekt von visuellem Feedback auf das Duschverhalten untersucht wurde. Der Wasserverbrauch wird durch das Aufleuchten von je einer LED pro 5 Liter Verbrauch angezeigt. Durch das Design des Prototyps wird ein steigender Wasserspiegel dargestellt und so dem Benutzer ein Gefühl für seinen Wasserverbrauch geben. Durch eine mit dem Prototyp durchgeführte Studie konnten zwei unterschiedliche Benutzergruppen identifiziert werden. Personen, die einen umweltbewussten Lebensstil pflegen und auch in anderen Bereichen auf die Umwelt achten, konnten durch das Feedback ihren Wasserverbrauch reduzieren und ihr Verhalten, z.B. Abdrehen des Wassers während des Einseifens, nachhaltig ändern. Die zweite Benutzergruppe hatte bereits zu Beginn der Studie nicht das vorrangige Ziel Wasser einzusparen und die Personen waren im Allgemeinen und auch in anderen Lebensbereichen nicht umweltbewusst eingestellt. Bei dieser Gruppe hat der Einsatz des Prototyps zwar kurzzeitig zu einer Reduktion des Wasserverbrauchs geführt, allerdings war dies nicht von Dauer und führte zu keiner permanenten Verhaltensänderung.
Predicting Thermal Transport in Bi2Te3: From Bulk to Nanostructures
Authors: Qiu Bo , Ruan Xiulin 
Published: October 2011

ABSTRACTTwo-body interatomic potentials in the Morse potential form have been developed for bismuth telluride, and the potentials are used in molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to predict the thermal conductivity of Bi2Te3 bulk, nanowires and few-quintuple thin films. The density functional theory with local density approximations is first used to calculate the total energies for many artificially distorted Bi2Te3 configurations to produce the energy surface. Then by fitting to this energy surface and other experimental data, the Morse potential form is parameterized. Molecular dynamics simulations are then performed to predict the thermal conductivity of bulk Bi2Te3 at different temperatures, and the results agree with experimental data well. We also predicted the thermal conductivity of Bi2Te3 nanowires with diameter ranging from 3 to 30 nm with both smooth (SMNW) and rough (STNW) surfaces. It is found that when the nanowire diameter decreases to the molecular scale (below 10 nm, or the so called "quantum wire"), the thermal conductivity shows significant reduction as compared to bulk value. We find the dimensional crossover behavior of thermal transport in few quintuple layer (QL) thin films at room temperature, and we attribute it to the interplay between phonon Umklapp scattering and boundary scattering. Also, nanoporous films show significantly reduced thermal conductivity compared to perfect thin films, indicating that they can be very promising thermoelectric materials.
No Evidence of Association between 8q24 and Susceptibility to Nonsyndromic Cleft Lip with or without Palate in Japanese Population
Authors: Hikida Masanori , Tsuda Masayoshi , Watanabe Akira , Kinoshita Akira , Akita Sadanori , Hirano Akiyoshi , Uchiyama Takeshi , Yoshiura Koh-Ichiro 
Published: October 2011

Objective Recent genome-wide association studies identified susceptibility loci for nonsyndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate (NSCL±P) on 8q24.21, 10q25.3, 13q31.1, 15q13.3, 17q22, and 18q22 in populations of European origin. The purpose of this study was to determine, using DNA samples, whether 8q24.21 was a susceptibility locus for the development of NSCL±P in Japanese patients. Methods We used DNA from 167 Japanese NSCL±P patients (45 cleft lip without cleft palate and 122 cleft lip with cleft palate patients) and 190 Japanese unaffected control individuals. We performed an association study using 13 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) selected on the 8q24.21 locus. Genotyping of each SNP was carried out by direct sequencing of genomic DNA. Additionally, a haplotype block was constructed using the selected SNPs. Results The 13 selected SNPs were successfully genotyped in 357 individuals. The p values obtained were not low enough to indicate a significant association between the haplotypes and the development of NSCL±P in this population. Conclusions Our results suggest that the 8q24.21 locus is not associated with susceptibility to NSCL±P in Japanese patients and provide further evidence that ethnicity is a strong factor in determining susceptibility loci, albeit using a limited number of samples. Further studies are needed to identify regions involved in the development of NSCL±P in the Japanese population.
Prevalence and Correlates of Multiple Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Children with Chronic Kidney Disease
Authors: Wilson Amy C. , Schneider Michael F. , Cox Christopher , Greenbaum Larry A. , Saland Jeffrey , White Colin T. , Furth Susan , Warady Bradley A. , Mitsnefes Mark M. 
Published: October 2011

Summary

Background and objectives
Although prevalence of traditional cardiovascular risk factors (CVRF) has been described in children with CKD, the frequency with which these CVRF occur concomitantly and the clinical characteristics associated with multiple CVRF are unknown. This study determined the prevalence and characteristics of multiple CVRF in children in the Chronic Kidney Disease in Children study.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements
Using cross-sectional data from first follow-up visits, we determined the prevalence of four CVRF: hypertension (casual BP >95th percentile or self-reported hypertension with concurrent use of anti-hypertensive medication), dyslipidemia (triglycerides >130 mg/dl, HDL <40 mg/dl, non-HDL >160 mg/dl, or use of lipid-lowering medication), obesity (BMI >95th percentile), and abnormal glucose metabolism (fasting glucose >110 mg/dl, insulin >20 μIU/ml, or HOMA-IR >2.20, >3.61, or >3.64 for those at Tanner stage 1, 2 to 3, or 4 to 5, respectively) in 250 children (median age 12.2 years, 74% Caucasian, median iohexol-based GFR 45.2 ml/min per 1.73 m2).

Results
Forty-six percent had hypertension, 44% had dyslipidemia, 15% were obese, and 21% had abnormal glucose metabolism. Thirty-nine percent, 22%, and 13% had one, two, and three or more CVRF, respectively. In multivariate ordinal logistic regression analysis, glomerular disease and nephrotic-range proteinuria were associated with 1.96 (95% confidence interval, 1.04 to 3.72) and 2.04 (95% confidence interval, 0.94 to 4.43) higher odds of having more CVRF, respectively.

Conclusions
We found high prevalence of multiple CVRF in children with mild to moderate CKD. Children with glomerular disease may be at higher risk for future cardiovascular events.
Contaminated Cocaine and Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody-Associated Disease
Authors: McGrath Martina M. , Isakova Tamara , Rennke Helmut G. , Mottola Ann M. , Laliberte Karen A. , Niles John L. 
Published: October 2011

Summary

Background and objectives
Approximately 70% of illicit cocaine consumed in the United States is contaminated with levamisole. Most commonly used as a veterinary antihelminthic agent, levamisole is a known immunomodulating agent. Prolonged use in humans has been associated with cutaneous vasculitis and agranulocytosis. We describe the development of a systemic autoimmune disease associated with antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA) in cocaine users. This complication appears to be linked to combined cocaine and levamisole exposure.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements
Cases were identified between March 2009 and November 2010 at Massachusetts General Hospital's ANCA laboratory. Cocaine exposure was identified from patient history in all cases. Medical records were reviewed for clinical presentation and for laboratory and diagnostic evaluation.

Results
Thirty cases of ANCA positivity associated with cocaine ingestion were identified. All had antimyeloperoxidase antibodies and 50% also had antiproteinase 3 antibodies. Complete clinical and laboratory data were available for 18 patients. Arthralgia (83%) and skin lesions (61%) were the most frequent complaints at presentation. Seventy-two percent of patients reported constitutional symptoms, including fever, night sweats, weight loss, or malaise. Four patients had biopsy-proven vasculitis. Two cases of acute kidney injury and three cases of pulmonary hemorrhage occurred. From the entire cohort of 30, two cases were identified during the first 3 months of our study period and nine cases presented during the last 3 months.

Conclusions
We describe an association between the ingestion of levamisole-contaminated cocaine and ANCA-associated systemic autoimmune disease. Our data suggest that this is a potentially life-threatening complication of cocaine use.
Erratum to: Superficial mycoses in the Nis region, Southeast-Serbia
Authors: Otasevic Suzana , Miladinovic-Tasic Natasa , Đorđević Jovana , Ranđelović Gordana , Ignjatović Aleksandra , Stojanović Predrag , Zdravković Dragan , Marković Roberta 
Published: October 2011

AbstractThe original version of the article was published in Central European Journal of Medicine Volume 6, Number 5, 665–671, DOI: 10.2478/s11536-011-0052-y. Unfortunately, the original version of this article contains mistakes in the Authors names section. There should be: Suzana Otasevic1, Natasa Miladinovic-Tasic1, Jovana Đorđević1, Gordana Ranđelović1, Aleksandra Ignjatović1, Predrag Stojanović1, Dragan Zdravković2, Roberta Marković2
Bioactive papaverine derivatives bind G-quadruplexes selectively
Authors: Galezowska Elzbieta , Kosman Joanna , Stepien Agnieszka , Rubis Blazej , Rybczynska Maria , Juskowiak Bernard 
Published: October 2011

AbstractG-quadruplexes are a family of DNA secondary structures resulting from the folding of a guanine-rich sequence. Targeting quadruplexes by small molecules is an approach that is currently being studied with the aim of exploring their biological roles and developing new anti-cancer agents. There is evidence that the formation of G4 structures by telomeric DNA can be used to inhibit the enzyme activity of telomerase, and thereby to activate the pathway to senescence in tumour cells. It was previously shown that the papaverine oxidation products 6a,12a-diazadibenzo-[a,g]fluorenylium derivative (ligand I) and 2,3,9,10-tetramethoxy-12-oxo-12H-indolo[2,1-a]isoquinolinium chloride (ligand II) bind to G-quadruplex representing the human telomeric sequence. These ligands possess the ability to inhibit telomerase and polymerase action at the micromolar level. Here we report a DNA binding study on these two ligands and a new derivative 2-(2-carboxy-4,5-dimethoxyphenyl0-6,7-dimethoxyisoquiloliniuminner salt (ligand III) in order to evaluate their binding selectivity to samples of nucleic acids (ssDNA, dsDNA, triplexes, and quadruplexes). Simultaneous investigations on several DNA-ligand complexes carried out using an equilibrium dialysis approach revealed pronounced binding selectivity of ligand I and ligand II to tetraplex DNA structures over the doublestranded DNA forms.
Additive-assisted Rupe rearrangement of 1-ethynylcyclohexan-1-ol in near-critical water
Authors: Chang Yong-Juan , Wang Zhi-Zhong , Luo Li-Gang , Dai Li-Yi 
Published: October 2011

AbstractWe performed the Rupe rearrangement of 1-ethynylcyclohexan-1-ol in near-critical water to study the reaction under high temperature conditions. The final product thus obtained was primarily 1-cyclohexen-1-ylethanone which was identified by GC-MS. The influences of reaction time, temperature, and initial reactant-to-water ratio on the yield of 1-cyclohexen-1-ylethanone were examined. The yield of 1-cyclohexen-1-ylethanone was 49 % in pure water at 260°C for a reaction time of 60 min. However, when additives such as ZnSO4, FeCl3, and NaHSO4, respectively, were introduced to the water to investigate the effect of salts on the Rupe rearrangement reaction, the yield increased markedly to as much as 88 % in 5 mole % NaHSO4 aqueous solution under the same conditions. The catalytic ability of the additives decreased in order: NaHSO4, FeCl3, ZnSO4. On the basis of these results, a possible reaction mechanism of the Rupe rearrangement of 1-ethynylcyclohexan-1-ol in near-critical water was proposed.
One-pot synthesis and luminescent spectra of 3-allyl substituted quinazoline-2,4-dione derivatives as allyl capping agents
Authors: Farouk Mahmoud , Alrokayan Salman , Imran Ahamad , Abu-Salah Khalid 
Published: October 2011

Abstract3-Nitro-N-(phenylsulphonyloxy)phthalimide (IIIa) and N-(phenylsulphonyloxy)phthalimide (IIIb) were synthesised as key intermediates in good yield. Their structures were confirmed by 1H NMR and FTIR spectral data. The reaction of the key intermediates with allylamine produced 3-allyl-5-nitroquinazoline-2,4-(1H,3H)-dione (IVa) and 3-allylquinazoline-2,4-(1H,3H)-dione (IVb), respectively. Luminescence emission and excitation spectra of IVa and IVb are also presented.
Using MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) to Enhance PubMed Search Strategies for Evidence-Based Practice in Physical Therapy
Authors: Richter Randy R. , Austin Tricia M. 
Published: October 2011

Background
Evidence-based practice (EBP) is an important paradigm in health care. Physical therapists report lack of knowledge and time constraints as barriers to EBP.

Objective
The purpose of this technical report is to illustrate how Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), a controlled vocabulary thesaurus of indexing terms, is used to efficiently search MEDLINE, the largest component of PubMed. Using clinical questions, this report illustrates how search terms common to physical therapist practice do or do not map to appropriate MeSH terms. A PubMed search strategy that takes advantage of text words and MeSH terms is provided.

Results
A search of 139 terms and 13 acronyms was conducted to determine whether they appropriately mapped to a MeSH term. The search results were categorized into 1 of 5 outcomes. Nearly half (66/139) of the search terms mapped to an appropriate MeSH term (outcome 1). When a search term did not appropriately map to a MeSH term, it was entered into the MeSH database to search for an appropriate MeSH term. Twenty-one appropriate MeSH terms were found (outcomes 2 and 4), and there were 52 search terms for which an appropriate MeSH term was not found (outcomes 3 and 5). Nearly half of the acronyms did not map to an appropriate MeSH term, and an appropriate MeSH term was not found in the database.

Limitations
The results are based on a limited number of search terms and acronyms.

Conclusions
Understanding how search terms map to MeSH terms and using the PubMed search strategy can enable physical therapists to take full advantage of available MeSH terms and should result in more-efficient and better-informed searches.
Effectiveness of a Targeted Exercise Intervention in Reversing Older People's Mild Balance Dysfunction: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Yang Xiao Jing , Hill Keith , Moore Kirsten , Williams Susan , Dowson Leslie , Borschmann Karen , Simpson Julie Anne , Dharmage Shyamali C. 
Published: October 2011

Background
Previous research has mainly targeted older people with high risk of falling. The effectiveness of exercise interventions in older people with mild levels of balance dysfunction remains unexplored.

Objective
This study evaluated the effectiveness of a home balance and strength exercise intervention in older people systematically screened as having mild balance dysfunction.

Design
This was a community-based, randomized controlled trial with assessors blinded to group allocation.

Participants
Study participants were older people who reported concerns about their balance but remained community ambulant (n=225). After a comprehensive balance assessment, those classified as having mild balance dysfunction (n=165) were randomized into the trial.

Intervention
Participants in the intervention group (n=83) received a 6-month physical therapist–prescribed balance and strength home exercise program, based on the Otago Exercise Program and the Visual Health Information Balance and Vestibular Exercise Kit. Participants in the control group (n=82) continued with their usual activities.

Outcome Measures
Laboratory and clinical measures of balance, mobility, and strength were assessed at baseline and at a 6-month reassessment.

Results
After 6 months, the intervention group (n=59) significantly improved relative to the control group (n=62) for: the Functional Reach Test (mean difference=2.95 cm, 95% confidence interval [CI]=1.75 to 4.15), the Step Test (2.10 steps/15 seconds, 95% CI=1.17 to 3.02), hip abductor strength (0.02, 95% CI=0.01 to 0.03), and gait step width (2.17 cm, 95% CI=1.23 to 3.11). There were nonsignificant trends for improvement on most other measures. Fourteen participants in the intervention group (23.7%) achieved balance performance within the normative range following the exercise program, compared with 3 participants (4.8%) in the control group.

Limitations
Loss to follow-up (26.6%) was slightly higher than in some similar studies but was unlikely to have biased the results.

Conclusions
A physical therapist–prescribed home exercise program targeting balance and strength was effective in improving a number of balance and related outcomes in older people with mild balance impairment.
Adipose lesions of nerve: the need for a modified classification
Authors: Spinner Robert J. , Scheithauer Bernd W. , Amrami Kimberly K. , Wenger Doris E. , Hébert-Blouin Marie-Noëlle 
Published: October 2011

Object
Adipose lesions of nerve are rare and poorly understood. Their current classification, although not universally accepted, generally includes lipomatosis of nerve with or without localized macrodactyly, and intra- as well as extraneural lipoma. The authors believe that the spectrum of these lesions and their interrelationships are not currently appreciated. They propose an adaptation to the existing framework to illustrate the expanding spectrum of adipose lesions of nerve by considering lipomatosis and lipoma singly or in combination.

Methods
Fourteen representative cases are presented to demonstrate not only the intraneural and extraneural examples of lipomatosis and lipoma, but also their anatomical combinations.

Results
Based on the cases presented and a careful literature review, a conceptual approach to the classification of adipose lesions of nerve is generated. This approach incorporates the 2 essential lesions, lipomatosis of nerve and lipoma, in both their intra- and extraneural forms. This permits expansion to encompass combinations.

Conclusions
To press the concept that adipose tumors of nerve are a broad but interrelated spectrum of lesions, the authors propose modification of the present classification system. This approach provides an orderly platform for progress, reflects understanding of these interrelated lesions, and facilitates optimal treatment by distinguishing resectable from nonresectable components.
Therapeutic benefit of urocortin in rats with intracerebral hemorrhage
Authors: Liew Hock-Kean , Hsu Chih-Wei , Wang Mei-Jen , Kuo Jon-Son , Li Ting-Yi , Peng Hsiao-Fen , Wang Jia-Yi , Pang Cheng-Yoong 
Published: October 2011

Object
Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) accounts for about 15% of all deaths due to stroke. It frequently causes brain edema, leading to an expansion of brain volume that exerts a negative impact on ICH outcomes. The ICH-induced brain edema involves inflammatory mechanisms. The authors' in vitro study shows that urocortin (UCN) exhibits antiinflammatory and neuroprotective effects. Therefore, the neuroprotective effect of UCN on ICH in rats was investigated.

Methods
Intracerebral hemorrhage was induced by an infusion of bacteria collagenase type VII-S or autologous blood into the unilateral striatum of anesthetized rats. At 1 hour after the induction of ICH, UCN (0.05, 0.5, and 5 μg) was infused into the lateral ventricle on the ipsilateral side. The authors examined the injury area, brain water content, blood-brain barrier permeability, and neurological function.

Results
The UCN, administered in the ipsilateral lateral ventricle, was able to penetrate into the injured striatum. Posttreatment with UCN reduced the injury area, brain edema, and blood-brain barrier permeability and improved neurological deficits of rats with ICH.

Conclusions
Posttreatment with UCN through improving neurological deficits of rats with ICH dose dependently provided a potential therapeutic agent for patients with ICH or other brain injuries.
Spondylectomy of T-2 according to the Tomita technique via an extended Fessler approach: a cadaveric study
Authors: Miscusi Massimo , Domenicucci Maurizio , Polli Filippo Maria , Forcato Stefano , De Giorgio Fabio , Raco Antonino 
Published: October 2011

Object
The authors' aim was to conduct a surgical anatomy and feasibility study on the use of an extended posterolateral approach to the cervicothoracic junction (Fessler approach) in cadavers to facilitate en bloc removal of the second thoracic vertebra using the Tomita technique. To apply this technique, it is mandatory to approach both sides of the vertebra. But such a maneuver is very difficult in the region of the cervicothoracic junction because the scapula and its muscles represent an anatomical barrier to the paravertebral compartment and lateral aspects of the vertebrae.

Methods
To study the extended posterolateral Fessler approach to the cervicothoracic junction and the possible application of the Tomita technique on the second thoracic vertebra, 3 fresh-frozen cadavers were used in the Laboratory of Human Anatomy at the University of Nantes.

Results
The proposed approach allows exposure of both the posterior arch and the body of the second thoracic vertebra without any significant resection or traction of the superficial and deep posterior thoracic muscles, enabling application of the Tomita technique and facilitating intraoperative spinal fixation.

Conclusions
The proposed surgical technique is technically feasible. Nevertheless, it should be an option reserved for selected patients for whom the surgical complexity can be justified by the characteristics of their malignancy and expected curative outcome.