bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
“類風濕性關節炎患者自我管理課程”的成效研究和啓示
Authors: 徐 英賢 , 游 達裕 
Published: December 2009

這項研究，主要是探討病患者在參加“類風濕性關節炎患者自我管理課程”後，在自我療理行為、心理狀態及健康狀況等方面的成效及持續效果。研究採用單組活動前後的比較與設計，共有70名病患者參與是次研究。結果顯示，類風濕患者在療理病徵的信心、建立自我療理炎病的行為、心理狀態以及健康狀況方面，當課程結束時和結束後的1個月，均有顯著進步，並且於結束後6個月，開始達致穩定狀態。參加者在課程結束時和結束後的6個月，亦顯著地減少了使用醫療服務。研究結果更發現早期類風濕患者在課程裏能得到較大益處和進步。由於這許多方面的成果和持續效果，“病人自我療理教育”應加以大力推廣，以彌補傳統醫療的不足，並配合現有醫療制度，發揮更大的治療效果。 This study examines whether the Rheumatoid Arthritis Self-Management Course is effective in, as well as being able to achieve stabilizing effect on, enhancing participants' perception of control over the symptoms, improving health behaviours and health status, and reducing use of health care resources. This is a single group pre-and-post design with a sample of 70 participants. After the intervention and at 1 month follow up, participants show significant improvements in arthritis self-efficacy, self-management behaviour (exercise, cognitive symptoms management and communication with doctors), psychological well-being (sense of helplessness, mood and anxiety) and health status (pain and fatigue). These improvements become stabilized at 6 months follow-up after completion of the program. In addition, the program is found effective in reducing visits to general physician on problems related to arthritis. The results in this study clearly indicate that this community based patient education program can offer substantial benefits for the participants, particularly in terms of perceived self-efficacy on managing various aspects of arthritis, the establishment of positive health behaviour and its stabilizing effects. Therefore the complementary role of patient self-management education to traditional disease-oriented medical services can offer a valuable adjunct to medical care and we strongly advocate for its full implementation.
國際反校園欺凌之適切性
Authors: 秦 炳傑 , 鄭 之灝 , 陳 沃聰 
Published: December 2009

Both local and overseas studies affirm that bullying in schools is very prevalent. The overseas experiences in response to bullying are invaluable for local reference. There is a consensus that a whole-school approach and a live policy against bullying are essential for successful intervention. There are different strategies in responses to cases of bullying including the No Blame Approach, the Method of Shared Concern, the Restorative Justice Approach and the Use of Logical Consequences. The authors argue for a mixed approach. Special issues in tackling bullying in Hong Kong are raised. Finally, it is advocated that a safe school is a prerequisite for a harmonious school. 海外和香港的調查研究都說明校園欺凌是一個十分普遍的問題。海外回應欺凌的經驗極具參考價值。“全校參與方法”和反欺凌政策的貫徹和執行是有效介入的必要條件。根據海外的經驗，處理欺凌個案策略有“不責難方法”，“共同關注方法”，“復和公義方式”和“邏輯後果方法”。作者支持使用“混合方法”，認爲更可因時制宜，取長補短。本文同時提出在香港處理欺凌時所需要注意的地方。最後，並認爲建立安全校園是達到和諧校園的先決條件。.
澳門社會福利模式: 一個生産主導福利模式
Authors: 賴 偉良 
Published: December 2009

本文的目標是分析澳門社會福利體系的特徵及探討它的模式。它的特徵包括偏低水平的社會福利開支，福利混合主義之供應模式，較低水平的社會權發展，有限度減少社會分層化，福利發展主要被政治經濟因素所主導。其實，澳門的社會福利體系擁有其他東亞地區福利體制之主要特徵，故它亦屬於生産主導福利模式。 This article is aimed to outline the features of Macao's social welfare system and identify its welfare model. The analysis shows that the welfare system is characterized by its low social welfare expenditure, mixed economy of welfare, underdevelopment of social rights, restricted impact on social stratification and the dominant role of the political-economic factors in social policy-making. It is argued that Macao's social welfare system has shared most of key features of other East Asian welfare regimes and therefore it can be regarded as a productivist welfare model.
COPING WITH MULTIPLE FAMILY TRANSITIONS: EXPERIENCES OF STEPCHILDREN IN HONG KONG
Authors: TAI LIANNE YAU-YEE , WAN CHRISTINA WAI-KUEN , YAN PHYLLIS FUNG-LING 
Published: December 2009

This qualitative study explores the experiences of young adult stepchildren who have gone through multiple family transitions of parental divorce and remarriage in their childhood or adolescence. The findings reveal that the stepchildren experienced an unsettling life in multiple homes. Despite having no choice or control over the family events, they seemed to have accepted well their role as passive participants, and perceived having both gains and losses in the process. Having a stable significant figure as well as something to look forward to seem to have brought them a sense of stability that was so important in helping them survive the serial changes in their lives. Various types of coping strategies have been identified as having contributed to the amazing resilience shown by the stepchildren in this study. 本研究的對象是曾在兒童或少年期經歷過父母離婚及再婚，並曾跟隨再婚父母居住的年青人。研究發現他們雖然缺乏穩定的家庭，甚至感到寄人籬下，但是他們仍能夠接受現實，體會到有失也有得，亦在轉變中尋找到一絲安穩。本文除了闡述受訪者的經歷，並集取及分析了一些有助他們從艱難中站起來的方法。
中國大學生情緒表達性之探索性研究
Authors: 蘇 細清 
Published: December 2009

The present research is an exploratory research focused on emotional expressivity of university students in China. The methodology of the research combined quantitative and qualitative, including Berkeley Expressivity Questionnaire (BEQ, Gross & John, 1995) drawn from U.S.A., and in-depth interview. 1531 participants from 13 universities in Beijing with 829 females and 702 males were invited to participate in the research, and 15 students with 7 females and 8 males (about 1% of Ss) received the in-depth interview. In this research, data shows that Chinese university students are highly in emotional expressivity generally, especially in positive emotional expressivity (M=5.25, SD=.80), while relatively low in negative emotional expressivity (M=4.02, SD=.99). Significant differences are found in Chinese students' emotional expressivity in gender, and major (p<.05). Females are higher than males, and students who study Arts display higher emotional expressivity than students who study Science. From in-depth interview data analysis, strong Chinese culture characteristics can be found in students' emotion expressivity, including relation-focus, the doctrine of the medium, and family-value-focus, etc. Gender difference in emotional expressivity can be tracked to Chinese traditional concept of gender expectation as "Male dominate outside while female dominate inside" (男主外女主內). Since most of the Arts students are female, they higher in emotional expressivity may also be tracked to gender expectation of emotional discourse. The present research is to present some principle of emotional expressivity of university students in China, and the finding of the research can be the empirical basis for university students' emotional education, psychological counseling and the further research, not only in practice but also in future researches. 本文是關於中國大學生情緒表達性的探索性研究，研究方法採用了質性研究和量化研究，包括了採用伯克利大學的情緒表達性量表 (Gross & John, 1995) 和深入訪談方法。參加此次的問卷調查是來自北京13所大學 (約占北京市高校13%) 的1531位大學生 (829女702男) ，從中抽取15位學生 (7女8男，約占總數1%) 進行深入訪談。結果表明中國大學生情緒表達性總體而言並不低，尤其積極情緒的表達傾向性較高(M=5.25, SD=.80)，消極情緒表達性相對較低(M=4.02, SD=.99)。性別和學生所學專業較明顯地影響學生的情緒表達性(p<.05)，總體而言，女生高於男生，而文科類學生高於理工科類學生。從訪談的結果可以看出，學生的情緒表達性深受中國文化的影響，包括維護人際關係和諧、中庸之道以及家庭價值為中心等傳統文化與價值。性別的差異可以追溯到中國傳統文化對不同性別在情緒上的不同期望，尤其受 "男主外女主內" 的傳統文化影響較多。本研究首次描述了中國大學生情緒表達性的現狀，研究結果希望為大學生的情緒健康教育、心理輔導等在實踐和研究提供實證性基礎。
TEENAGE DRUGS SUBCULTURE: IMPLICATIONS FOR PREVENTIVE STRATEGIES IN SOCIAL WORK PRACTICE
Authors: LAI KWOK-HUNG 
Published: December 2009

Rapid social change due to the emigration and development of new towns, has weakened parental bonds and the social support networks of families and clans. These changes may lead to an immense increase in teenage drug abuse and suicide. The drug dependence of teenagers is not simply a result of curiosity, but a reflection of stress management in the form of escape from reality. This paper gives an account of the stages of adolescent drug dependence, and the levels of intervention where social work practitioners can play a more active role in drug prevention. Strategies related to primary, secondary and tertiary prevention are discussed. 新移民流入和新市镇的发展，减弱了家庭和亲族的社交支援网络和家长的约束。这些改变令少年滥用药物和自杀的个案大增。少年依赖药物问题并非单纯是好奇的结果，其实亦反映了以逃避现实来处理压力的方式。这篇文章细述青少年依赖药物的阶段，与及社工可以更主动的角色介入预防药物滥用。文中并讨论基层、中层和深层的预防工作。
SOCIAL WORK WITH THE ADDICTIONS – CAN THE PROFESSION DELIVER?
Authors: NG HO-YEE 
Published: December 2009

This paper reviews the way in which the problems of drug addiction have been managed in Hong Kong. Given the lip service paid so far to social work input in the drug rehabilitation scene, an argument is made for an expansion of the role of social work. But it is contended that social work will only be relevant if addiction work is placed squarely within the totality of an individual's life functioning, the area of concern to social work. This would entail, however, a reconceptualisation of addiction from that of the prevailing medical view, which sees it as a disease process, to that of seeing addiction as a cognitive choice. 本文回顾香港之戒毒治疗及康复工作，发现社会工作之参予未如理想，原因乃由於滥用药物问题一直被定义为一种病态，因而治疗工作倚重於医疗界之服务。但研究指出滥用药物实应视为应付生活之惯性行为。重新定义滥用药物问题後，社会工作之介入变 为极适当，极需扩张。
A STUDY OF THE ATTITUDES OF PRE-MARITAL COUPLES TOWARD MARRIAGE IN HONG KONG
Authors: YEUNG CAROLINE S. T. , KWONG WAI-MAN 
Published: December 2009

This paper presents the findings of a survey study on pre-marital couples in Hong Kong. It is part of a research project to investigate the attitude of young people toward sex, love, marriage, and lifestyle choice in adulthood. The survey sample was a convenient sample. Data were collected through a self-administered questionnaire from prospective participants of marriage preparation programmes of the collaborating agency. A total of 284 valid questionnaires were collected. The major findings were presented around several thematic areas and implications for family life education were discussed. 本文目的，旨在分享一个探讨香港准婚男女婚姻观念的调查结果。这是一个有关青年人对性、爱、婚姻和成年期不同的生活方式研究计划的其中一个调查。是项调查的样本是便利样本，对象是参与合办机构婚前服务的准婚人士。调查采用问卷来搜集资料，由作答者自行填写。我们共收回二百八十四份有效的问卷。本文把主要结果归纳为几项主题，遂一介绍，并讨论有关结果对家庭生活教育的含义。
危机青少年之越轨过程: 个案追踪研究
Authors: 黄 成荣 
Published: December 2009

为了解青少年犯罪之起始及延续因素，研究员进行了一项追踪研究，获取了五个时段的资料。研究对象是19名有一定程度越轨行为的外展队个案，结果显示社会联系、朋辈关系及负面标签等因素与犯罪行为是明显地交互影响的。基于案主之犯罪动机及越轨途径，研究更找出了四种越轨行为类型。基于资料分析，研究员建议一些可行之办法协助危机青少年。 To understand the factors which lead to the on-set and continuation of delinquency, a longitudinal case study, with data collected at five points of time, was launched. Nineteen outreach clients, who have exhibited some sorts of deviant behaviour, were selected as research targets. The results show that interactive effects between elements of social bonds, elements of peer influence, negative labelling and delinquent behaviour were apparent. The study also identifies four different delinquent typologies based on the client's motivation and path to deviation. Based on the analysis, the investigator suggests possible solutions for helping the youths at risk.
THE "NEW OPIUM WAR": WELFARE DEPENDENCY OF LONE MOTHERS IN HONG KONG?
Authors: LEUNG LAI CHING , CHAN KAM WAH 
Published: December 2009

Welfare dependency is becoming a conspicuous problem in Hong Kong. Welfare claimants are accused of being overly dependent on welfare and lacking incentive to work. Welfare is even equated with "spiritual opium", that which erodes work incentive. Lone parents and the unemployed are among the groups blamed the most. This paper produces evidence, based on our research on lone mothers in Hong Kong, to refute the accusation of welfare dependency. The arguments that lone mothers are consciously maximising their social security benefits and that they are better off on benefit, as postulated in rational choice theory, is fallacious. We should therefore try to understand the welfare dependency of lone mothers not by reference to an alleged "dependency culture", but rather through a more holistic appreciation of the interactions among a variety of structural forces such as discrimination in the labour market, gender inequality in marital relation, low wages, inadequate child care facilities and the poverty traps within the social security system. 近年福利开支的增长逐渐成为香港社会的热门话题，有人提出「综援养懒人」的论说，甚至有立法局议员将社会福利等同于「精神鸦片」，批评福利发展会削弱人的工作意愿，以致过分依赖社会福利。在这个讨论中有些社群成为被攻击的对象，例如单亲家庭、失业人士等，因为这些社群领取综援的增幅较大。本文作者曾进行几项有关单亲母亲的研究。建基于这些研究，本文铺陈出有关理据驳斥单亲母亲过分依赖综援的论说，资料显示单亲母亲并非福利太好而作出放弃工作、依赖综援的「理性选择」。反之，因为种种结构性的因素如传统的性别观念、缺乏工作机会、低工资、缺乏劳工保障、性别及年龄歧视、家庭责任歧视、缺乏幼儿服务、家庭支援服务不足、缺乏房屋服务等，以致单亲母亲被困于贫穷中。要解决这个问题，我们需要改善有关服务及各服务间的相互配合，而非靠削减综援金额。
UNRELATED ADOPTION IN HONG KONG: PROFILE AND EMERGING ISSUES
Authors: KO GRACE PO-CHEE 
Published: December 2009

This is the first systematic study of adoption in Hong Kong. It examines the changing profile of non-relative adoption in 1987 to 1993 as shown by the files of 486 successful non-relative adoption cases that were analysed. Characteristics of the adoptive parents, the birth parents and the adopted children are presented in descriptive statistics and their inter-relationships are pointed out. The findings are discussed in the light of the changing scene of adoption work against the socio-economic-political background of Hong Kong. A series of recommendations, based on the findings of the study, to the Social Welfare Department are made. 这是香港第一个对领养作有系统的研究。本文分析了486个文件夹，并勾划出1987至1993年间非亲属领养在转变中的剪影。 本文更发表了有关领养父母、生父母及被领养儿童的特徵和描述性统计数据，更指出了其间的关系。就研究所得结果，以社会、经济和政治作背景，本文讨论了领养工作在香港的改变，也向社会福利署作出了连串的建议。
Environmental urban geotechnics
Authors: Jefferson I. , Braithwaite P. 
Published: December 2009

Abstract
This paper gives a brief overview of 29 papers that were submitted to the 10th Congress of the International Association for Engineering Geology and the Environment (IAEG) held in Nottingham, UK. The ‘Environmental Urban Geotechnics’ theme was one of 12 sessions featured within the Congress. The contributions within this theme were truly international, reflecting the global contribution that engineering geology and geotechnics make to urban environments and their development. Papers within this theme have been submitted from 14 countries including Algeria, China, the Czech Republic, France, Japan, South Korea, Lithuania, Poland, Russia, Singapore, Saudi Arabia, the UK and the USA. The papers are diverse in nature, covering the many different contributory facets that were encompassed within the theme. These papers, discussed here, have been grouped into sub-themes for convenience, reflecting commonalities in what was a very broad and diverse coverage. Of the papers presented under this theme, eight examined assessment of geohazards ranging from anthropogenic ground hazards in the form of contamination to natural hazards related to specific problematic ground behaviour. Ten papers discussed issues related to analytical or numerical approaches, used to assess a range of ground-related problems including a number of key geohazards that affect the urban environment. A further six papers examined ground improvements, and five papers dealt with what has been called here geostructures, taken for the purposes of this paper as retaining structures and other ground–structure interaction problems. A number of case studies were detailed relating to a wide range of ground conditions, consistent with material commonly found in urban environments. Where appropriate, the information gleaned from the papers has been supplemented with additional material gathered during the question and answer sessions undertaken during the presentations. From this, development of the implicit theme of sustainability common to the vast majority of papers under the environmental urban geotechnics theme has been made.
Challenges for regional infrastructure: acceptable risk, prioritization of repair and vulnerability reduction
Authors: Sharpe L. , Allenby D. 
Published: December 2009

Abstract
This paper discusses three major issues identified from the 29 papers accepted for the session entitled ‘Infrastructure for the City and its Regions', part of the 10th Congress of the International Association of Engineering Geology and the Environment (IAEG). These three issues are of significant importance to the owners and operators of infrastructure worldwide in terms of both the management of existing networks and the planning of future projects. They can be summarized as: (1) risk mitigation with respect to site investigation, feasibility and route selection; (2) the strategic management of existing infrastructure assets; (3) the protection of earthwork assets against future climatic change. Both (2) and (3) are discussed with reference to the UK rail network. The importance of historical records and research reported in the session is highlighted, and the example of strategic management of the largely Victorian railway tunnel network is discussed. Landslides and flooding are seen as the major risks affecting infrastructure earthwork assets in relation to climate change. The way in which risks to assets and public safety are currently assessed, given priority for repair, and managed is explored.
Geology of megacities and urban areas
Authors: Marker B. R. 
Published: December 2009

Abstract
Urban geology is not a discipline, as such, but, rather, involves the deployment of the full range of relevant geoscience techniques to urbanized areas. Geoscience issues relevant to megacities and urban areas are essentially the same as those experienced elsewhere but their effects are often greater. Many, if not all, of the papers presented at the IAEG 2006 Congress were, thus, relevant to a greater or lesser degree, and provide a rich source of varied case studies. This paper reviews some important cross-cutting issues, making particular reference to the contributions to the Congress.
Geological evolution of the NW corner of the Caribbean Plate
Authors: Valls Alvarez Ricardo A. 
Published: December 2009

Abstract
The Caribbean Plate consists of a plateau basalt, formed probably in the Middle Cretaceous, complicated by a continental block, Chortís, several magmatic arcs, strike–slip motions along major fault systems such as the Motagua–Polochic fault zone in Guatemala, the pull-apart basin of the Cayman Trough and subduction zones below Central America and the Lesser Antilles. Five major collisional events have been identified: (i) Late Paleocene–Middle Eocene collision of the Greater Antilles with the Bahamas platform; (ii) Late Cretaceous collision of Chortís with the Maya Block; (iii) emplacement of nappes upon the Venezuelan foreland in the Cenozoic; (iv) collision of the Western Cordillera oceanic complex with the Central Cordillera of Colombia; and (v) Miocene collision of the eastern Costa Rica–Panama arc with the Western Cordillera. All these ‘orogenic events’ show an eastward movement of the Caribbean Plate relative to the Americas. Migration of the Jamaica Block from the Pacific caused obduction of the oldest ophiolites of Huehuetenango at the western end of the Polochic–Río Negro faults in Guatemala. South-southwest migration of the Chortís Block from west of Mexico and northward towards the Maya Block destroyed a trench associated with the Motagua–Jalomáx fault system and caused the Chuacús Orogeny, emplacing Guatemalan ophiolite complexes and metamorphosing the rocks from the Chuacús Series.
Key issues on the post-Mesozoic Southern Caribbean Plate boundary
Authors: Audemard Franck A. 
Published: December 2009

Abstract
A lithospheric-scale, geodynamic model of the Caribbean southern boundary takes into account tectonic and stratigraphic elements previously unconsidered or not well constrained. The Falcón, Bonaire, Blanquilla and Grenada basins are parts of a former single back-arc basin associated with the migrating Mesozoic Caribbean Arc in Late Eocene–Oligocene times. Spreading of the crescent-shaped basin was triggered by declining Caribbean eastward motion in response to increased convergence between the two Americas at around 38–33 Ma. Dextral wrenching along the southern boundary started in western Venezuela at 17–15 Ma and progressed eastward to the El Pilar Fault by 12 Ma. Eastward motion of the Caribbean relative to South America was earlier accommodated by east-progressing, non-partitioned oblique subduction and collision, as illustrated today in eastern Venezuela around the Los Bajos–El Soldado fault system. Extrusion of the Maracaibo and Bonaire blocks towards the NNE started around 5 Ma, thus the dextral Boconó fault is a young feature. Total plate boundary Cenozoic dextral wrenching recorded onshore Venezuela does not exceed 100 km and is more likely to be in the order of 55 km.
The vanishing Carib Halite Formation (Neocomian), Colombia-Venezuela-Trinidad prolific petroleum province
Authors: Higgs Roger 
Published: December 2009

Abstract

Literature survey reveals evidence of a thick (
c
. 3 km), largely dissolved, Berriasian–Valanginian ‘Carib Halite Formation’, deposited in a Jurassic to Coniacian ‘Carib Graben’ from Colombia through Venezuela to Trinidad. From Campanian time the graben inverted into the (partly metamorphosed) south-verging nappe/thrust-belt of northern South America (Guajira to Trinidad), and later the bivergent Eastern Cordillera and Mérida Andes. Outcropping halite is confined to Colombia. Numerous lines of evidence suggest
buried
halite in Colombia, Venezuela and Trinidad: drowning coastal geomorphology (halite-solution subsidence); subaerial and submarine closed depressions (solution pits); saline springs; mud-volcano-fluid analysis; heat-flow anomalies; gravity anomalies; and thrust-belt structural style. Other data suggest thick (kilometres)
vanished
halite: a Berriasian regional faunal gap; highly organic shales/phyllites (solution residues); intense fracturing (solution collapse); metamorphic-grade discontinuities (solution weld); and Neogene supraorogen basins attributable to buried-halite solution, for example Gulf of Venezuela, Monagas thrust belt, Gulf of Paria and onshore Trinidad. Halite solution by circulating meteoric water is inferred to have begun near 11 Ma, reflecting climate change (wetter) accompanying the onset of the Gulf Stream, induced by collision of the Panamá Arc against Colombia, interrupting deep-sea Caribbean–Pacific interchange. The Carib Halite concept has important implications for exploration in the oil-rich thrust belts of Colombia, Venezuela and Trinidad. There is also potential for new finds of emeralds and other evaporite-associated minerals.
Present-day strain field on the South American slab underneath the Sandwich Plate (Southern Atlantic Ocean): a kinematic model
Authors: Giner-Robles J. L. , Pérez-López R. , Rodríguez-Pascua M. A. , Martínez-Díaz J. J. , González-Casado J. M. 
Published: December 2009

Abstract
This work analyses the present-day principal strain orientation on the downgoing slab of the South America Plate (SAM) beneath the Sandwich Plate (SAND). The strain regime was deduced from the study of 331 earthquake focal mechanism solutions examined by fault population analysis methods. In the slab, the maximum horizontal shortening direction (ey) rotates in trend in a clockwise direction from NE in the north, to SE in the south. Based on this rotation, three different areas were defined according to the prevailing focal mechanism type: (1) the North Zone, with ey oriented N058°E and reverse and strike–slip focal mechanisms; (2) the Central Zone, with only reverse focal mechanisms and ey striking N080°E; and (3) the South Zone, with ey oriented N106°E and reverse and strike–slip focal mechanisms. The strain field in the North Zone of the SAND involves decoupling of the slab at approximately 70 km depth. In contrast, the South Zone edge slab exhibits no decoupling and it exhibits different geometry (hook-like shaped) from the North Zone. Finally, we define the dextral strike–slip component acting at the South Sandwich Fracture Zone (SSFZ), according to focal mechanism solutions and the regional tectonic configuration.