bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Subterranean infrastructure reconnaissance for manmade and natural hazards and disasters
Authors: White Todd , Ariaratnam Samuel T. , Michael John 
Published: February 2012

PurposeThe consideration of all aspects of the systems that support a community is necessary to accomplish adequate long range asset planning and protection. The purpose of this paper is to introduce the addition of a subterranean infrastructure reconnaissance emphasis to an existing series of vulnerability assessment tools used by the State of Arizona, and investigate economic impact (disaster recovery) estimation methods for potential incorporation. The intent is to provide a framework for model development and suggest data to be collected.Design/methodology/approachThrough modifications of existing system components, a subterranean infrastructure reconnaissance emphasis is proposed for the State of Arizona's current vulnerability assessment tools. Although they can be adjusted as needed, the modifications presented herein include 11 subterranean assets and ten threats to subterranean assets. Furthermore, existing methods for estimating the economic impact of disasters are investigated via literature reviews, e‐mails, and telephone correspondence.FindingsRegarding the subterranean infrastructure reconnaissance component, a number of emerging technologies are currently available to monitor the various infrastructure elements from the identified potential threats. The process of linking the various data collection elements into a comprehensive surveillance system is currently underway in Arizona. Interim reconnaissance techniques using local statistic models will be applied incrementally while the data integration process is underway. With respect to the economic impact estimation module, the Federal Emergency Management Agency's HAZUS‐MH loss estimation model was identified as a top prospect for testing.Research limitations/implicationsThe research focuses on examining the interdependencies and vulnerabilities of critical subterranean infrastructure. Therefore, critical surface or above ground infrastructure components are not primarily discussed. Additionally, this paper presents only a plan; there are no empirical results to date.Practical implicationsThe methodology discussed may be utilized to support the decision‐making process for managing resources used to sustain subterranean infrastructure operations, with the goal of providing resiliency to community support mechanisms.Originality/valueThe specific focus on developing a subterranean infrastructure reconnaissance emphasis in a State's disaster management program is a novel tool for Arizona. The value is to enhance preparation, response, resilience, and recovery from hazards and disasters affecting the State's critical subterranean infrastructure. It is theorized that value will further be generated in a resulting subterranean infrastructure reconnaissance template, which can be adopted by other emergency and disaster management organizations.
Financial statement risk assessment following the COSO framework
Authors: Premuroso Ronald F. , Houmes Robert 
Published: February 2012

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to teach students the fundamental and most critical aspects of performing a financial statement risk assessment, a skill vital to help ensure both auditor and public‐company compliance with guidance found in the Sarbanes‐Oxley Act of 2002 (SOX), the SEC's Interpretative Guidance regarding Management's Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting, the control deficiency evaluation framework found in Auditing Standard No. 5 (AS5) of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (PCAOB), and the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO).Design/methodology/approachThis instructional case study helps students assess the impact of a set of hypothetical internal control deficiency risks in various industries, including inherent and residual financial statement risk assessment, and concludes with determining which identified internal control weaknesses are significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in internal control. Included in the financial statement residual risk assessment process are example entity‐level and process‐level controls described in COSO. Learning objectives, implementation guidance, and the efficacy of using the case study in the undergraduate or graduate auditing or accounting information systems courses are also provided.FindingsThe results of classroom testing of the case study at two universities provides evidence the case study increases student understanding of the implications of internal controls and their impact on the reliability of the financial statements significantly. Students also found the case to be challenging, interesting, relevant, clear, understandable, and a realistic approximation of what they might expect to encounter in the real‐world when performing a financial statement risk assessment.Originality/valueThe case study includes the development of skills important to students in performing financial statement risk assessments, either as an auditor or when working in a private industry environment, including making professional judgments related to risk assessment.
Green IT adoption: a process management approach
Authors: Bose Ranjit , Luo Xin (Robert) 
Published: February 2012

PurposeTo better understand and assist business managers to deal with green IT adoption, this paper provides a step‐by‐step process management approach.Design/methodology/approachBy drawing on the process management to investigate the green IT adoption, the paper analyzes and discusses four different phases: plan, design, implement, and measure the performance of the process.FindingsThe likelihood that companies will successfully adopt green IT initiatives depends on several organizational and environmental factors. The primary factor is the Champion Support. Lack of implementation barriers is another important factor among others.Research limitations/implicationsBy comparing behavioral and technological changes derived from green IT initiatives and unveiling possible factors associated with the adoption process, this paper provides an opportunity for academics to conduct applied research based on the issues discussed.Practical implicationsThe paper can be an extremely useful and practical source for top‐level managers, particularly IT managers, to bring greener technologies and more environmentally responsible strategies and practices to their organizations.Originality/valueThe paper contends that the green IT adoption process is an ensemble of four phases: plan, design, implement, and measure the performance of the process. This paper serves as a guide and offers practical measures in terms of understanding how green IT initiatives could be more effectively and efficiently adopted by organizations.
“Is work good for you?” Does paid employment produce positive social capital returns for people with severe and enduring mental health conditions?
Authors: Dominy Martin , Hayward‐Butcher Toby 
Published: February 2012

PurposeThis paper seeks to examine whether paid employment produces positive social capital returns for people with severe and enduring mental health needs.Design/methodology/approachA sample of 96 users of mental health services in Sussex, who had been supported to return to work, completed a questionnaire rating their level of agreement with statements about their quality of life both before and after they started working. In addition, three supplementary individual case studies were made.FindingsAnalysis showed significant increases in reported quality of life following employment. The post‐employment positivity of responses was found across most areas of well‐being. Significant but varying gains were found in the majority of individuals who reported improvement in the following areas; social life; independence; resilience; confidence and self‐esteem; optimism; satisfaction; general happiness and ability to manage mental health. A third of individuals reported improvements in personal relationships and physical health. Qualitative data indicated that increased confidence was perceived by participants as the most important factor. Increased benefits were also found to be associated with individuals who had worked for a longer period, worked longer hours and were supported on a contract with high fidelity to the IPS model.Research limitations/implicationsThe paper relies on a self‐report method requiring respondents to reflect on how they felt pre and post gaining employment. This follows a rather subjective methodology. There were a number of individuals who had only worked for one month or less in the past year. These are unlikely to have experienced social capital returns or in fact any real impact at all as a result of working and likely distorted the results to some extent.Originality/valueThere have been limited research studies that have examined the additional social capital returns for people with enduring mental ill health who return to work.
Use of restraint for the management of challenging behaviour in children with intellectual disabilities
Authors: Menon Krishna , Baburaj Raghavendra , Bernard Sarah 
Published: February 2012

PurposeThis review seeks to provide an overview of the current research evidence on the use of restraint as an intervention in managing challenging behaviours in relation to children with intellectual disabilities. It also aims to discuss legal frameworks and ethical considerations that underpin the use of restraint in intellectually disabled children who present with challenging behaviours.Design/methodology/approachThe authors conducted a search of existing literature primarily pertaining to the management of challenging behaviours in intellectual disability on PubMed, PsycInfo and Google Scholar using combinations of the following key words – children, intellectual disabilities, learning disability, mental retardation, challenging behaviour, restraint, seclusion, physical restraint, mechanical restraint, personal restraint, and chemical restraint. Since research on the use of such interventions in children has been hitherto scant, literature relating to their use in intellectually disabled adult populations as well as cognitively able children was also examined to ascertain whether the broad principles informing the use of restraint interventions could be generalised to their use in intellectually disabled children.FindingsThe review finds evidence to suggest that restraint interventions in their myriad forms are widely used to manage challenging behaviours in children with intellectual disabilities and outlines the evidence base, clinical scope, and the risks associated with the use of such interventions in children. It also helps highlight the current absence of comprehensive evidence based guidance that incorporates clinical, ethical, and legal aspects of the use of restraint interventions in children with intellectual disabilities and raises relevant questions in relation to their judicious use in this patient group.Originality/valueThe authors believe that the review completes the first in depth evaluation of the use of restraint interventions in children with intellectual disabilities and are confident that this would serve as useful guidance for professionals working with this patient group who may be considering using restraint interventions in their everyday clinical practice.
Treatment of erotomania using cognitive behavioural psychotherapy approaches
Authors: Desnoyers Hurley Anne 
Published: February 2012

PurposeThis case report seeks to describe successful treatment of erotomania using cognitive behavioural psychotherapy in concert with community support providers applying similar psychotherapeutic approaches.Design/methodology/approachA case report is presented illustrating successful treatment of an individual with erotomania and intellectual disability. Pharmacotherapy assessment suggested its ineffectiveness and medicines were slowly reduced and discontinued. Cognitive behavioural psychotherapy provided a venue to discuss personal issues and work on solutions. The community support system was enlisted to approach the problem using two main psychotherapeutic strategies: eliminate social attention for the delusion; and increase social relationships.FindingsCognitive behavioural psychotherapy working in collaboration with the community support system resulted in great improvement. Within three years, the individual returned to previous functioning with no symptoms of the delusional disorder.Originality/valueThis case study illustrates the successful treatment of erotomania using cognitive behavioural psychotherapy and engaging the community support system in applying directed psychotherapeutic strategies. Erotomania occurs in people with intellectual disability and must be recognized and treated. Ineffective pharmacotherapy was successfully reduced and discontinued within the context of appropriate therapeutic supports.
Payment by Results in intellectual disability services – a vehicle for personalising healthcare
Authors: Roy Ashok , Bhaumik Sabyasachi 
Published: February 2012

PurposeNeeds led person centred services are the hallmark of high quality intellectual disability services. Commissioning mechanisms such as Payment by Results (PbR) have been established in acute health services. An outcome focussed version of PbR will be implemented nationally from 2012 in an incremental manner in mental health services for adults and older people. Though intellectual disability services are currently excluded, it is proposed that needs led approaches would improve the quality and efficiency of specialist intellectual disability services. This paper aims to suggest that this approach could be the key to commissioning and designing personalised pathways of care.Design/methodology/approachHealth needs are scoped and care pathways are defined as primarily consisting of Needs, Interventions and Outcomes. The mandated cluster groups to be used for PbR in adult mental health and older people's services are extended to cover the non overlapping needs of people with intellectual disability to provide an integrated framework of health needs usually met by specialist services. A framework of interventions is suggested and components of “assessment” and “therapeutic” activities are outlined. An outcome framework is described. A case example illustrates the application of these components to design a care pathway to provide a personalised, needs led service.FindingsIt is possible to use the principles underlying PbR to commission personalised services of high quality, improved efficiency and thus greater value.Originality/valueThe principles underlying PbR can be used to commission personalised pathways of care in intellectual disability services at a time when this approach is being extended to mental health services nationally.
Managing natural gas business: a case of Bharat Natural Gas Company Limited
Authors: Kumar Kar Sanjay , Sahu Subrat 
Published: February 2012

Subject area
Marketing - value proposition and value delivery, switching cost, customer acquisition and retention, positioning, pricing, distribution and retailing, role of trust and transparency to build sustainable relationship in B2B context, and efficient service delivery.

Study level/applicability
Undergraduate and graduate students in marketing, business administration, strategy, retailing, B2B marketing, services marketing and general management courses. Also, it can be used for executive management/training programmes.

Case overview
The case focuses on an existing scenario of a natural gas business in Gujarat, India, in order to provide understanding of marketing challenges, especially in the B2B context, faced by organisations in this evolving business environment. The case examines the strategies and policies implemented by the company and their impact on the customer. The case presents reactions and responses from the concerned customers. The case illustrates the criticalness of understanding customer expectations and designing and delivering customer centric strategies to sustain market leadership in an evolving and competitive market.

Expected learning outcomes
The case study enables the students to understand and analyse: the current business environment; the important factors impacting natural gas business; economic analysis of energy; opportunity and challenges for doing cleaner and greener business; role of cleaner fuel to reduce carbon footprint; and carbon credit impacting top line and bottom line of a customer. The case provides students the opportunity to understand and analyse the importance of switching costs to acquire a new customer; and devising and implementing marketing strategies to expand customer base and enter into new territories.

Supplementary materials
Teaching notes.
Mobile marketing at Telenor Pakistan – a MAD strategy?
Authors: Malik Yasmin 
Published: February 2012

Subject area
Mobile marketing.

Study level/applicability
MBA, marketing level consultants.

Case overview
This is the first documented study on the development of a mobile marketing eco-system in Pakistan. The focus of the case is Telenor Pakistan - the first local operator to implement a comprehensive mobile marketing strategy via opt-in based consumer profiling. By positioning itself as a “media company” in the mobile marketing value chain, Telenor Pakistan aims to both enable and drive the mobile marketing eco-system at a time when operators are suffering from a decline in average revenue per user and are endeavouring to put into place strategies that will open up revenue streams based on services other than voice.

Expected learning outcomes
To develop a comprehensive understanding of the drivers and restrainers that affect the mobile marketing eco-system in emerging markets; and to examine to what extent operator-driven mobile marketing can create synergies within the mobile marketing value chain.

Supplementary materials
Teaching notes.
Discovery Ltd: entrepreneurship in its DNA
Authors: Beswick Claire , Urban Boris 
Published: February 2012

Subject area
Entrepreneurship.

Study level/applicability
The case has been used at Master's level but it has direct application to any MBA programme or entrepreneurship module.

Case overview
Adrian Gore started Discovery in 1992 with seed-funding of R10 million from merchant banking group, Rand Merchant Bank (RMB), as a health insurance company within the RMB stable. By 2009, Discovery had become a large, listed, financial services institution employing more than 5,000 people and comprising not only Discovery Health (DH), but also Discovery Life (DL), Discovery Invest (DI) and Discovery Vitality (a wellness programme). In addition, it had operations in the USA, where it licensed Vitality for use by employers and other health insurers, and in the UK where it operated two joint ventures with The Prudential plc – Pruhealth and Prulife.

Expected learning outcomes
To understand the similarities and differences between corporate and start-up entrepreneurship; to understand the entrepreneurial process within an established organization; to explore the environment within an established company in terms of how much it supports or constrains entrepreneurship; and to look at creative ways to overcome obstacles to entrepreneurship in established companies.

Supplementary materials
Teaching notes.
Future internet: on a continuous path for achieving “a vision beyond expectations”
Authors: Bodolica Virginia , Spraggon Martin , Shahid Anam 
Published: February 2012

Subject area
Firm success, organizational structure and values, business challenges, corporate change, decision making.

Study level/applicability
Senior undergraduate courses in Organizational Behavior and Business Policy and Strategy.

Case overview
This case relates the story of growth of Future Internet, a small media firm launched in 1998 in Dubai, UAE. The case describes the past achievements of Future Internet along with the challenges met on the road, illustrates the key factors and core organizational values that were critical for its business success and discusses the new prospects that the company is seeking to explore in the future. As Future Internet is continuously searching to engage in a path of new business opportunities, what are the most viable strategic choices to be made for securing a sustainable corporate growth and development?

Expected learning outcomes
Discuss different aspects involved in the management of a small firm operating in a dynamic industry; assess the key factors that might contribute to explaining corporate success; and evaluate the effectiveness of managerial decision making over time (change in structure and values, opportunities' evaluation and selection of strategic options) to achieve sustainable development.

Supplementary materials
Teaching notes.
Long‐term outcome following imatinib therapy for chronic myelogenous leukemia, with assessment of dosage and blood levels: the JALSG CML202 study
Authors: Ohnishi Kazunori , Nakaseko Chiaki , Takeuchi Jin , Fujisawa Shin , Nagai Tadashi , Yamazaki Hirohito , Tauchi Tetsuzo , Imai Kiyotoshi , Mori Naoki , Yagasaki Fumiharu , Maeda Yasuhiro , Usui Noriko , Miyazaki Yasushi , Miyamura Koichi , Kiyoi Hitoshi , Ohtake Shigeki , Naoe Tomoki ,   for the Japan Adult Leukemia Study Group
Published: February 2012

A prospective multicenter Phase II study was performed to examine the efficacy and safety of imatinib therapy in newly diagnosed Japanese patients with chronic‐phase CML. Patients were scheduled to receive imatinib 400 mg daily. Plasma imatinib concentrations were measured by liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. In 481 evaluable patients, estimated 7‐year overall survival (OS) and event‐free survival (EFS) at a median follow‐up of 65 months were 93% and 87%, respectively. Because imatinib dosage was reduced in many patients due mainly to adverse events, subgroup analysis was performed according to the mean daily dose during the first 24 months of treatment: ≥360 mg (400‐mg group; n = 294), 270–359 mg (300‐mg group; n = 90) and <270 mg (200‐mg group; n = 67). There were no significant differences in OS and EFS between the 300‐ and 400‐mg groups; however, cumulative rates of complete cytogenetic and major molecular responses differed significantly between the two groups. There were no significant differences in mean imatinib trough levels between these two groups for the patients in whom trough levels had been measured. Survival and efficacy in the 200‐mg group were markedly inferior to the former two groups. These results suggest that, although a daily dose of 400 mg imatinib is associated with better outcomes, 300 mg imatinib may be adequate for a considerable number of Japanese patients who are intolerant to 400 mg imatinib. Blood level monitoring would be useful to determine the optimal dose of imatinib. (Cancer Sci 2012; 103: 1071–1078)