bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Guidelines on the selection and inventory of social life cycle assessment indicators: a case study on flexible plastic packaging in the European circular economy
Authors: Haslinger Anna-Sophie , Huysveld Sophie , Cadena Erasmo , Dewulf Jo 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Emerging technologies are addressing current challenges to shift from a linear to a circular economy. However, the consideration of social aspects in this context is limited, and the prioritization of indicators appears arbitrary in the absence of clear and robust selection criteria. Following social life cycle assessment (S-LCA) principles, the aim of this paper is to guide the selection and inventory of social indicators based on a case study on evolving flexible packaging within the European circular economy.

Methods
To achieve the objective, the study involves several steps, including conducting a systematic literature review to identify key stakeholders, impact subcategories, indicators, and inventories for circular flexible plastic packaging. Multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) is applied to preselect a set of indicators, followed by stakeholder engagement in prioritizing impact indicators through participatory methods. Subsequently, a data collection procedure was established.

Results and discussion
This paper presents a materiality ranking for 19 social indicators tailored to the emerging circular flexible packaging. The result is a prioritization of nine of these indicators, including Existence of record of proof of age, Percentage of workers who are paid a living wage or above, and Existence of certified environmental management system. These nine indicators form the basis for the collection of respective inventory data for an entry-level assessment. Furthermore, guidelines on 11 procedural steps were formulated based on these findings. Moreover, challenges of synonymity and inconsistency in S-LCA terminology, besides inaccessible inventory data especially in the context of evolving recycling technologies, are identified as substantial barriers in the effort to streamline and perform S-LCA.

Conclusions
The paper concludes that prioritizing indicators is essential for entry-level and prospective assessments, especially when time and data are limited. Additionally, using primary inventory data to evaluate the foreground system and its direct impacts on stakeholders promotes accountability and corporate social responsibility. Furthermore, a set of procedural steps, from defining the system boundary to preparing the data questionnaire, serves as a valuable resource for practitioners across diverse industries.

Recommendations
In future research, these nine prioritized indicators can be applied to assess the social performance of various case studies along the value chain of circular flexible plastic packaging, covering food and non-food applications. In addition, the methodological guidelines for selecting and prioritizing indicators can be replicated across multiple industry sectors. Moreover, research effort should be directed towards establishing a methodological framework for prospective S-LCA in the context of emerging technologies.
Rock-Cut Slipways and Slipping Techniques at Dana Island Shipyard
Authors: Öniz Hakan , Büyükkol Semih 
Published: April 2024

AbstractOne of the great recent discoveries in maritime archaeology was the discovery, in 2015, of a hitherto unknown shipyard in the Cilicia Region. Approximately 294 slipways/shipsheds were found on Dana Island (Pitusu-Pityoussa) in eastern Rough Cilicia (Cilicia Trachea), on the Mediterranean coast of Turkey. Recent studies carried out in 2023 on the island have added to our knowledge of the techniques of landing and servicing vessels, while also uncovering an additional small slipway at this location. Some of the rock-cut slipways for the ships have modestly sized rock-cut constructions behind or between them, and these have been interpreted as service areas for the tenders to the mother ships. These features may indicate that maintenance of both the ship and tender was carried out simultaneously. The rock-cut slipways on Dana Island have different characteristics and range considerably in type and size, implying the use of different slipping techniques at various periods. A number of these features are present on other known ancient slipways in the Mediterranean, such as Rhtymna, Eulimna and Matalon (Crete), Tell Dor (Israel), and Apollonia (Cyrenaica-Libya).
Fundamentals of Arthroscopic Surgery Training and beyond: a reinforcement learning exploration and benchmark
Authors: Ovinnikov Ivan , Beuret Ami , Cavaliere Flavia , Buhmann Joachim M. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Purpose
This work presents , a benchmark set of instrument manipulation tasks adapted to the domain of reinforcement learning and used in simulated surgical training. This benchmark enables and supports the design and training of human-centric reinforcement learning agents which assist and evaluate human trainees in surgical practice.

Methods
Simulation tasks from the Fundamentals of Arthroscopic Surgery Training (FAST) program are adapted to the reinforcement learning setting for the purpose of training virtual agents that are capable of providing assistance and scoring to the surgical trainees. A skill performance assessment protocol is presented based on the trained virtual agents.

Results
The proposed benchmark suite presents an API for training reinforcement learning agents in the context of arthroscopic skill training. The evaluation scheme based on both heuristic and learned reward functions robustly recovers the ground truth ranking on a diverse test set of human trajectories.

Conclusion
The presented benchmark enables the exploration of a novel reinforcement learning-based approach to skill performance assessment and in-procedure assistance for simulated surgical training scenarios. The evaluation protocol based on the learned reward model demonstrates potential for evaluating the performance of surgical trainees in simulation.
Representations of (Nano)technology in Comics from the ‘NanoKOMIK’ Project
Authors: Urueña Sergio 
Published: April 2024

Abstract Representations of science and technology, embodied as imaginaries, visions, and expectations, have become a growing focus of analysis. These representations are of interest to normative approaches to science and technology, such as Hermeneutic Technology Assessment and Responsible Innovation, because of their ability to modulate understandings of science and technology and to influence scientific and technological development. This article analyses the culture of participation underlying the NanoKOMIK project and the representations and meanings of (nano)science and (nano)technology communicated in the two nano-fiction comic books created as part of the project: Dayanne and Murillo. The power of nanoscience (2016) and NanoKOMIK #2 (2017). The article argues that despite NanoKOMIK’s efforts to engage the public with (nano)science and (nano)technology, it reproduces non-binding modes of public participation and transmits socio-technical meanings that are instrumental in the social legitimisation of (nano)technology. More specifically, the analysis shows that NanoKOMIK’s comic books, in addition to not problematising the risks and conveying an eminently positive view of nanotechnology, also communicate certain ‘myth-conceptions’ of scientific activity and its products. For example, they convey an individualistic and linear vision of research and innovation and an instrumentalist and neutral (or ‘value-free’) view of technology. These findings highlight the importance of critically analysing the ‘cultures of participation’ that characterise and reproduce ‘participatory’ or ‘collaborative’ projects and the representations of (nano)science and (nano)technology that they perpetuate.
Breaking Barriers: How Do the Marketing Capabilities of Emerging-Market Micro-Multinationals Drive Social Innovation?
Authors: Khan Huda , Amankwah-Amoah Joseph , Lee Richard , Knight Gary , Hussain Nazim 
Published: April 2024

AbstractDespite the increasing importance of social innovation, research seeking to illuminate how firms engage in social innovation in emerging markets is limited. Utilizing survey data from 143 Pakistani micro-multinational firms operating in other emerging markets, this study examined how these firms undertook social innovation practices in host emerging markets. The findings indicate that the social innovation practices of these firms in host emerging markets are influenced by dynamic marketing capabilities. Furthermore, this influence is mediated by social embeddedness in the host market. Moreover, this mediated influence is positively moderated by a socially supportive culture of the host market. The impact of marketing capabilities on value creation in host emerging markets involves the serial mediation of social embeddedness and social innovation practices. The study demonstrates how resource-constrained emerging-market micro-multinational firms can generate value in host emerging markets, thereby validating the efficacy of dynamic marketing capabilities in the context of social innovation in emerging markets. The study also discusses practical and policy implications.
Der „Fingerzeig“ der Lehrkraft: Zusammenhänge zwischen Leistungs- und Verhaltensmerkmalen von Schulklassen und dem Vorliegen eines sonderpädagogischen Unterstützungsbedarfs im Lernen
Authors: Koßmann Raphael , Kölm Jenny , Gresch Cornelia 
Published: April 2024

ZusammenfassungSchüler*innen, die deutliche Lernrückstände aufweisen, kann in Deutschland ein „sonderpädagogischer Unterstützungsbedarf im Lernen“ (SPU-L) zugeschrieben werden. In allen Bundesländern wird mit dieser individuumsbezogenen Kategorie zieldifferente Unterrichtung für das betreffende Kind ermöglicht. Aktuelle Studien lieferten Hinweise darauf, dass referenzgruppenbezogene Einflüsse analog zu jenen bei der schulischen Leistungsbeurteilung auch in den Vorschlag zur Überprüfung eines Kindes auf einen SPU‑L mit eingehen. Zugleich ist von Einflüssen weiterer, für die Unterrichtsdurchführung relevanter Merkmale von Schulklassen auszugehen. In der vorliegenden Studie wurde daher der Frage nachgegangen, inwiefern Merkmale der Leistungsverteilung sowie Verhaltens- und Hintergrundmerkmale von Schulklassen mit der Wahrscheinlichkeit eines festgestellten SPU‑L zusammenhängen. Datengrundlage bildete eine aus dem IQB-Bildungstrend 2016 gewonnene Analysestichprobe von 10.398 Kindern aus 543 Klassen, in welchen 561 Schüler*innen mit SPU‑L inklusiv unterrichtet wurden. Anhand logistischer Mehrebenen-Regressionsanalysen zeigte sich, dass verschiedene Kompositionsmerkmale von Schulklassen in Zusammenhang mit der Wahrscheinlichkeit stehen, einen SPU‑L aufzuweisen. Als zentrale Prädiktorvariable auf Gruppenebene erwies sich die mittlere fachliche Kompetenz einer Schulklasse. Die Wahrscheinlichkeit, bei gleichen individuellen Leistungen einen SPU‑L aufzuweisen, war bei höheren mittleren fachlichen Leistungen einer Klasse erhöht. Einen zusätzlichen Erklärungsbeitrag lieferte der Anteil an Schüler*innen mit festgestelltem SPU im Bereich emotionale und soziale Entwicklung (SPU-ESE). Ein höherer Anteil von Kindern mit festgestelltem SPU-ESE in einer Klasse hing mit einer geringeren Chance auf das Vorliegen eines SPU‑L zusammen. Insgesamt weisen die gefundenen Zusammenhänge erneut darauf hin, dass der SPU‑L, entgegen seiner Intention, eine von schulischen Kontextfaktoren abhängige Kategorie ist. Es ergeben sich weitere Forschungsfragen sowie Hinweise auf Möglichkeiten zur Verbesserung der Diagnostik.
Reimagining the language of engagement in a post-stakeholder world
Authors: Reed Mark S. , Merkle Bethann Garramon , Cook Elizabeth J. , Hafferty Caitlin , Hejnowicz Adam P. , Holliman Richard , Marder Ian D. , Pool Ursula , Raymond Christopher M. , Wallen Kenneth E. , Whyte David , Ballesteros Marta , Bhanbhro Sadiq , Borota Siniša , Brennan Marnie L. , Carmen Esther , Conway Elaine A. , Everett Rosie , Armstrong-Gibbs Fiona , Jensen Eric , Koren Gerbrand , Lockett Jenny , Obani Pedi , O’Connor Seb , Prange Laurie , Mason Jon , Robinson Simon , Shukla Priya , Tarrant Anna , Marchetti Alessandro , Stroobant Mascha 
Published: April 2024

AbstractLanguage matters in shaping perceptions and guiding behaviour. The term stakeholder is widely used, yet little attention is paid to the possibility that its use may inadvertently perpetuate colonial narratives and reinforce systemic inequities. In this article, we critically examine the limitations of the stakeholder concept and its ambiguity, normativity, and exclusionary implications. We emphasise the importance of using language that gives a voice to marginalised groups, promotes inclusion and equity, and fosters meaningful and reflexive participation in decision-making processes. In critiquing the use of the term and calling for alternative practices, we aim to contribute to the decolonisation of research norms and the creation of more inclusive and equitable societies. Therefore, rather than advocating a single alternative term, we suggest a focus on the people, places, and species affected by decisions, interventions, projects, and issues.
In Situ Synthesis and Characterization of Conductive Hybrid Composites Using Functionalized 3D Molybdenum Disulfide Nanoflowers
Authors: García-Carvajal S. , Nicho M. E. , Hernández-Martínez D. , Fuentes-Pérez M. , Nicasio-Collazo J. , Ruiz-Santoyo V. , Arenas-Arrocena M. C. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
We obtained 3D nanoflowers of MoS2 (3D-MoS2) with an average size of 1–3 µm synthesized by a one-step hydrothermal method, the "flower-shape" being composed of several petal-like sheets with a thickness of about 19 nm. The 3D nanoflowers underwent functionalization with diethyl[2-hydroxy-2-(thiophen-3-yl)ethyl]phosphonate and 2-tiophene carboxylic acid. P3HT/MoS2 composites were synthesized by Grignard metathesis using a 2,5-dibromo-3-hexylthiophene/MoS2 weight ratio of 1:0.05. As a reference, the P3HT/MoS2 composites were also synthesized with unfunctionalized 3D-MoS2. The P3HT/MoS2 composites were characterized by FTIR, XRD, TEM, 1H NMR, UV–Vis, TGA, and cyclic voltammetry. We studied the influence of 3D-MoS2 nanoflowers functionalized with phosphonic and carboxyl groups on the properties of the P3HT/MoS2 composites. The addition of functionalized 3D-MoS2 in the P3HT/MoS2 composites improved the percentage of HT dyads and the definition of shoulders in the dyad signal, indicating a better arrangement of the polymeric chains in the P3HT/3D-MoS2 functionalized composites. In addition, the functionalization of the 3D-MoS2 white phosphonic group increased the conjugation length, the percentage of crystallinity, and the conductivity. Likewise, the P3HT/MoS2 functionalized composites showed a decrease in the energy gap compared to P3HT. The functionalization of the 3D-MoS2 was successfully carried out, and a close interaction between the P3HT and 3D-MoS2 was determined. We achieved the in situ synthesis of P3HT/MoS2 composites by Grignard metathesis using functionalized 3D-MoS2 obtained by the hydrothermal method. We compared two functionalization groups with 3D-MoS2 and their subsequent polymerization with P3HT. Our work provides evidence for a better performance in composites functionalized with a phosphonate group because a phosphonic anchor provides strong electronic coupling with the 3D-MoS2. The above makes this material suitable for applications in flexible electronics photosensors, electrochromic devices, photocatalysis, and harvesting energy material in solar cells.

Graphical Abstract
Does the economic motivation of firms to address the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) promote the SDGs or merely SDG-washing? Critical empirical evidence from Japan and Vietnam
Authors: Nishitani Kimitaka , Nguyen Thi Bich Hue , Kokubu Katsuhiko 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) call on all firms to apply their creativity and innovation to solving sustainable development challenges. There is then an argument that firms should address the SDGs by applying the creating shared value (CSV) framework. However, we cannot exclude the possibility that this is nothing more than “business as usual” implemented in the name of the SDGs, or so-called SDG-washing, thereby limiting firm contributions to the SDGs. Although the SDG Compass, the most referenced business guideline on SDGs, currently encourages firms to address the SDGs using their economic motivation, it is uncertain whether it provides the right direction for achieving them. The purpose of this study is to address whether the economic motivation of firms to achieve the SDGs is practically preferable in contrast to the ethical motivation. Using data on Japanese and Vietnamese firms, we empirically analyse whether the degree of a firm’s proactiveness to address the SDGs depends on its economic and/or ethical motivations from a stakeholder management perspective. Our estimation results clarify that an ethical motivation continues to play a more significant role for firms in addressing the SDGs. Put differently, while CSV appears an attractive framework for firms to address the SDGs, its actual contribution remains partial and tentative, and it has thus been criticized for overemphasizing any economic motivation that potentially promotes SDG-washing. It is important to note that this could also ultimately decrease economic value by harming the firm’s reputation.
Refining systems of mad families
Authors: Fischer Vera , Koelbing Marlene , Wohofsky Wolfgang 
Published: April 2024

AbstractWe construct a model in which there exists a refining matrix of regular height λ larger than $$\mathfrak{h}$$
h
; both $$\lambda = \mathfrak{c}$$
λ
=
c
and $$\lambda < \mathfrak{c}$$
λ
<
c
are possible. A refining matrix is a refining system of mad families without common refinement. Of particular interest in our proof is the preservation of $${\cal B}$$
ℬ
-Canjarness.
Oxidative Stress-Mediated RUNX3 Mislocalization Occurs Via Jun Activation Domain-Binding Protein 1 and Histone Modification
Authors: Kang Kyoung Ah , Piao Mei Jing , Fernando Pincha Devage Sameera Madushan , Herath Herath Mudiyanselage Udari Lakmini , Boo Hye-Jin , Yoon Sang Pil , Hyun Jin Won 
Published: April 2024

AbstractRunt domain transcription factor 3 (RUNX3) suppresses many different cancer types and is disabled by mutations, epigenetic repression, or cytoplasmic mislocalization. In this study, we investigated whether oxidative stress is associated with RUNX3 accumulation from the nucleus to the cytoplasm in terms of histone modification. Oxidative stress elevated histone deacetylase (HDAC) level and lowered that of histone acetyltransferase. In addition, oxidative stress decreased the expression of mixed lineage leukemia (MLL), a histone methyltransferase, but increased the expression of euchromatic histone-lysine N-methyltransferase 2 (EHMT2/G9a), which is also a histone methyltransferase. Moreover, oxidative stress-induced RUNX3 phosphorylation, Src activation, and Jun activation domain-binding protein 1 (JAB1) expression were inhibited by knockdown of HDAC and G9a, restoring the nuclear localization of RUNX3 under oxidative stress. Cytoplasmic RUNX3 localization was followed by oxidative stress-induced histone modification, activated Src along with RUNX3 phosphorylation, and induction of JAB1, resulting in RUNX3 inactivation.
Assessment of Protective Effects of DTPA, NAC, and Taurine on Possible Cytotoxicity Induced by Individual and Combined Zinc Oxide and Copper Oxide Nanoparticles in SH-SY5Y Cells
Authors: Paslı Duygu , Gürbay Aylin 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe present study investigated the cytotoxic effects of ZnO, CuO, and mixed combinations of them on SH-SY5Y cells. For this purpose, the cells were exposed to various concentrations of these NPs alone for 24–96 h and as a mixture for 24 h. Variations in cell viability were noted. MTT results showed that ZnO and/or CuO NPs decreased cell survival by about 59% at 200 (ZnO, at 24 h) and 800 µg/ml (ZnO and/or CuO, at 72 and 96 h). When the NR assay was used, slight decreases were noted with ZnO NPs at 72 and 96 h. With CuO NPs alone and NPs in a mixture, only the highest concentrations caused 40 and 70% decreases in cell survival, respectively. Especially with NR assays, DTPA, NAC, or taurine provided marked protection. ROS levels were increased with the highest concentration of CuO NPs and with all concentrations of the mixture. The highest concentration of ZnO NPs and the lowest concentration of CuO NPs caused slight decreases in mitochondrial membrane potential levels. Additionally, increases were noted in caspase 3/7 levels with ZnO and CuO NPs alone or with a mixture of them. Intracellular calcium levels were decreased in this system. These findings demonstrated that ZnO and CuO NPs, either separately or in combination, had a modest cytotoxic effect on SH-SY5Y cells. Protection obtained with DTPA, NAC, or taurine against the cytotoxicity of these NPs and the ROS-inducing effect of CuO NPs and the NPs’ mixture suggests that oxidative stress might be involved in the cytotoxicity mechanisms of these NPs.
The Evolutionary Route of in vitro Human Spermatogenesis: What is the Next Destination?
Authors: Gizer Merve , Önen Selin , Korkusuz Petek 
Published: April 2024

AbstractMalfunction in spermatogenesis due to genetic diseases, trauma, congenital disorders or gonadotoxic treatments results in infertility in approximately 7% of males. The behavior of spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) within three-dimensional, multifactorial, and dynamic microenvironment implicates a niche that serves as a repository for fertility, since can serve as a source of mature and functional male germ cells. Current protocols enable reprogramming of mature somatic cells into induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) and their limited differentiation to SSCs within the range of 0–5%. However, the resulting human iPSC-derived haploid spermatogenic germ cell yield in terms of number and functionality is currently insufficient for transfer to infertility clinic as a therapeutic tool. In this article, we reviewed the evolution of experimental culture platforms and introduced a novel iPSCs-based approach for in vitro spermatogenesis based on a niche perspective bearing cellular, chemical, and physical factors that provide the complex arrangement of testicular seminiferous tubules embedded within a vascularized stroma. We believe that bioengineered organoids supported by smart bio-printed tubules and microfluidic organ-on-a-chip systems offer efficient, precise, personalized platforms for autologous pluripotent stem cell sources to undergo the spermatogenetic cycle, presenting a promising tool for infertile male patients with complete testicular aplasia.
Graphical Abstract
Human Rights and Transitional Justice in the Maldives: Closing the Door, Once and For All?
Authors: Jeffery Renée 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIn 2020, the Maldives instituted a transitional justice process to address decades of systematic human rights abuses including the widespread use of arbitrary arrest and detention, torture, and the forced depopulation of entire island communities. While the country’s decision to confront its violent past is not unusual, the institution it has established to undertake that task is. Rather than institute a truth and reconciliation commission (TRC), refer cases to its Human Rights Commission, or undertake criminal trials in its domestic judicial system, the Maldives has taken the unprecedented step of establishing a temporary Ombudsperson’s Office for Transitional Justice (OTJ). Comparing the OTJ to national human rights institutions and TRCs, this article examines how and why the Maldives’ transitional justice process has taken this unusual form. It suggests that the OTJ represents a new attempt to address the full range of human rights abuses, including violations of social and economic rights, perpetrated by repressive regimes.