bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cornicle Length as a Criterion for Identifying Field Collected Nymphal Instars of Aphids (Homoptera: Aphididae)
Authors: Singh Rajendra , Srivastava Mamta 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThe cornicle lengths of the nymphs and adults of four aphid species, viz., Aphis craccivora, A. gossypii, Brevicoryne brassicae and Lipaphis erysimi reared in the laboratory proved to be instar‐ as well as species‐specific. Multimodal analysis of the cornicle lengths of field collected aphids of all the species studied detected five distribution peaks (4 nymphal instars and one adult). There was a considerable overlap (2.22–10.3%) between successive instar distributions in three species, viz., A. craccivora, A. gossypii and L. erysimi. However, there was little overlap between successive instar distributions in B. brassicae. Therefore, the cornicle length proved to be a useful criterion for identifying only virginoparous B. brassicae instars.
Studies on Apanteles litae var. operculellae, a Parasite of the Diamond‐back Moth, Plutella xylostella in Egypt
Authors: Abbas M. S. T. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractApanteles litae var. operculellae was reared in the laboratory on 2nd instar larvae of Plutella xylostella. The incubation period of the egg was 44 hours at 25 °C and 26 hours at 30°C. The larval stage (3 instars) lasted 6.7 and 5.6 days, the pre‐pupa lasted 24 and 15 hours, the pupa lasted 4.7 and 3.8 days at 25° and 30°C, respectively. The total developmental period of the parasite (from egg to adult) was 14.5 days at 25°C and 11.1 days at 30°C. Sex ratio in A. litae var. operculellae was found to be 1 ♂: 0,83 ♀ in nature and 1 ♂: 0.80 ♀ in the laboratory. Adult females, fed on honey, lived an average of 15.9 and 11.6 days at 25° and 30°C, respectively. The respective figures for males were 14.6 and 6.2 days. – Percentages of parasitism by A. litae var. operculellae in P. xylostella larvae collected from cabbage fields ranged between 0 and 13.7 in Kalubyia Governorate (during May 1981–May 1982) and between 0 and 9.8 in Fayioum Governorate (during July–December 1982).
Effect of Different Concentrations of Thiourea on the Longevity, Fecundity, and Egg Hatchability of the Beetle, Epilachna dodecastigma (Muls.)
Authors: Shanker Shiv , Kumar A. , Pandey K. P. , Tripathi C. P. M. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThe present paper elucidates that 0.005 to 0.05 per cent of thiourea has no significant effect on the longevity of Epilachna dodecastigma. However, when the concentration was raised from 0.05 to 0.10 per cent (t = 7.72, P < 0.001) and from 0.10 to 0.20 per cent (t = 1.90, P < 0.20), the longevity of the beetles was significantly reduced. Further, it has also been observed that as the concentration of thiourea increases, the number of eggs laid by the beetle decreases and complete sterility was achieved when 0.05 per cent of thiourea was applied. Therefore, 0.05 per cent of thiourea concentration is the most suitable dose for the sterilization of E. dodecastigma.
Vorläufige Liste der Chloropidenarten (Diptera, Cyclorrhapha, Acalyptrata) der DDR
Authors: Wendt Hella 
Published: July 2010

Preliminary List of the Chloropid Flies (Diptera, Cyclorrhapha, Acalyptrata) of the GDRA preliminary list comprising 159 species of chloropid flies recorded in the German Democratic Republic is presented. For each species, details of the distribution in the GDR and in the neighbouring countries are given, for some of them the ranges are briefly characterized.
Revision der Gattung Odontotarsus Laporte de Castelnau, 1832 (Heteroptera: Scutelleridae)
Authors: Göllner‐Scheiding Ursula 
Published: July 2010

Revision of the Genus Odontotarsus Laporte de Castelnau, 1832 (Heteroptera: Scutelleridae)A revision of the genus Odontotarsus is given with the redescription of 16 species including one new species, latissimus. The genus is distributed in the Palearctis except North‐Europe.
Astogenese und Phylogenese der letzten Retioliten (Graptolithina; Silur)
Authors: Jaeger Hermann 
Published: July 2010

Astogeny and Phylogeny of the Last Retiolitids (Graptolithina; Silurian)Some twenty retiolitid species of the latest Wenlockian (Zone of Cyrtograptus lundgreni) and much of the Early Ludlovian (up to the Zone of M. chimaera), i.e., through about five million years have been etched out of the rock. The astogeny of many species is now known in great detail, and the phylogeny can be traced fairly well. The major evolutionary trend consists of the progressive simplification and diminution of the rhabdosome (colony) as follows: from six main supporting rods to four, and from complex structures to such without any fine mesh‐work (reticula) and without thecal apertural processes; and from 10‐25 thecal (zooidal) pairs to only two pairs in the very last species. It would appear that the retiolitids evolved themselves out of history. The observed very profound structural transformations are operative throughout the considered time span as rapid, but gradual and stepwise processes.
Phylogenie der Thysanoptera (Insecta) aus ontogenetischer Sicht
Authors: Moritz Gerald 
Published: July 2010

Phylogeny of the Thysanoptera (Insecta) from the Ontogenetical StandpointThe Thysanoptera constitute a monophyletic group on the basis of an analysis of 40 character states of different ontogenetic phases of species of European Thysanoptera families. In the result of some numerical methods, the Panchaetothripinae and Thripinae show a sister‐group relationship. The position of the Mero‐ and Aolothripidae within the monophyletic Terebrantian suborder is very difficult and should be a problem for the future.
On the Identity of the Enigmatic Leptocnema (Arachnida, Opiliones, Gonyleptidae)
Authors: Kury Adriano B. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThrough the restudy of type material of Leptocnema sulphurea (PERTY, 1833), the monotypic genus Leptocnema KOCH, 1839 is removed from the Mitobatinae to the Progonyleptoidellinae. The species is fully described and illustrated, including male genital morphology.
Adinopsis klimaszewskii sp. n. from the Popa Falls in Northern Namibia. (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Aleocharinae)
Authors: Uhlig Manfred 
Published: July 2010

AbstractAdinopsis klimaszewskii sp. n. from the banks of the Kavango River at Popa Falls in the Caprivi strip in Northern Namibia is described and illustrated. Type locality: Namibia, Kavango, Popa Falls, 18°07′S/21°35′E.
Arten der Gattung Cryptocephalus Geoffroy aus der Fauna des südlichen und östlichen Afrika (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae)
Authors: Schöller Matthias 
Published: July 2010

Species of the Genus Cryptocephalus Geoffroy from the Fauna of Southern and Eastern Africa (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae)Type specimens of seven species of Cryptocephalus are redescribed: C. dregii Suffrian, C. hereto Reineck, C. hildebrandti Harold, C. moseri Weise, C. nigricollis Weise, C. pauli Weise and C. usambaricus Weise. Lectotypes of C. dregii and C. moseri are designated. Faunistic data from the Africa expeditions of the Museum of Natural History Berlin and the Namibian National Insect Collection, State Museum Windhoek, Namibia, are added.
Pseudericthonius hesperidesi sp. n. (Crustacea, Amphipoda, Gammaridea, Ischyroceridae) aus dem Sublitoral bei Livingston Island (Südshetlandinseln)
Authors: Rauschert Martin 
Published: July 2010

Pseudericthonius hesperidesi sp. n. (Crustacea, Amphipoda, Gammaridea, Ischyroceridae) from the Sublittoral of Livingston Island (South Shetland Islands)Pseudericthonius hesperidesi is described as new species from the littoral of Livingston Island. The study is based on one amphipod collected during the Spanish Bentart 94 survey aboard the R.V.O. Hesperides.
An Annotated Type Catalogue of the Amphisbaenians (Reptilia: Squamata: Amphisbaenia) in the Zoological Museum, Berlin
Authors: Gans Carl , Bauer Aaron M. , Günther Rainer 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThe herpetological collection of the Zoological Museum of Berlin contains type specimens for 25 names of amphisbaenians. Of these 20 pertain to currently valid names, those for 23 are primary types initially deposited in the Museum, and those for 2 names were obtained by trade or exchange.
Neue Arten und weitere neue Synonyme in der Gattung Amara BONELLI, 1810 (Coleoptera, Carabidae)
Authors: Hieke Fritz 
Published: July 2010

New Species und Further New Synonyms in the Genus Amara BONELLI, 1810 (Coleoptera, Carabidae)Description of 22 new asian species (China, Nepal, Turkey, Libanon) of the genus Amara BON. and presentation of 20 new synonyms.
Direct detection of non‐proton‐bearing 15N nuclei by long‐range couplings using polarization transfer
Authors: Klika Karel D. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThe application of the QDEPT and QHSQC principles to long‐range interactions for the direct detection of non‐proton‐bearing 15N is proffered as a general solution together with multiselective polarization transfer and triple INEPT for overcoming convoluted responses. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Die Formeln des Geschmacks
Authors: Krines Claudia , Hilz Hauke , Mlodzianowski Werner 
Published: July 2010

AbstractClaudia Krines, Hauke Hilz, Werner MlodzianowskiMolekulargastronomie ist ein Lifestyle‐Thema, das auf chemisches Grundwissen Appetit macht.(Natur‐)Wissenschaftler und eine Generation junger Wilder aus der neuen Haute Cuisine vertreten die Disziplin. Doch was sind ihre Grundlagen, Forschungsfelder und ‐aufgaben?
10. Frühjahrssymposium der Jungchemiker in Rostock
Authors: Flemming Anke 
Published: July 2010

AbstractDie Jungchemiker kommen in die Jahre: Nach dem 10‐jährigen Jubiläum des Jungchemikerforums fand nun auch die wichtigste Tagung der GDCh‐Nachwuchsorganisation, das Frühjahrssymposium, zum zehnten Mal statt.
Ein Universalist fürs Spezielle
Authors: Hausberg Sascha , Wunderlich Steffen 
Published: July 2010

AbstractProteindesign und Molekülsimulationen am Rechner helfen, Strukturen zu verstehen, zu konstruieren und anzuwenden. Das Molecular Operating Environment berechnet und zeichnet Bausteine für die Bio‐ und Chemoinformatik und die medizinische Chemie.
Aus Pisa lernen? Ja, aber ...
Authors: Becker Hans‐Jürgen , Stäudel Lutz 
Published: July 2010

AbstractHans‐Jürgen Becker, Lutz StäudelFachleute, Politiker und Öffentlichkeit streiten noch immer darüber, was aus dem mittelmäßigen Abschneiden deutscher Schüler bei internationalen Vergleichstests zu folgern ist. Allerdings reicht es nicht, nur Chemieunterricht zu verändern. Die Struktur des gesamten naturwissenschaftlichen Unterrichts sowie das Schulsystem selbst gehören auf den Prüfstand. Dabei dürfen weder Schüler noch Lehrer aus dem Blickfeld der Reformer geraten, und Lehrer brauchen eher mehr als weniger Gestaltungsfreiraum.
Analysen‐, Bio‐ und Labortechnik
Authors: Briel Katrin von , Schlosser Björn 
Published: July 2010

AbstractKatrin von Briel, Björn SchlosserQualitäts‐ und Innovationsführerschaft erfordern Investitionen. Kostenführerschaft dagegen setzt auf schlanke Prozesse und Strukturen. Weitere Faktoren wie Preisgestaltung und Wissensmanagement führen Unternehmen zum Erfolg.
Zellbasierte Tests statt Tierversuche
Authors: O'Connell James , Abassi Yama , Xi Biao , Wang Xiaobo , Xu Xioa 
Published: July 2010

AbstractJames O'Connell, Yama Abassi, Biao Xi, Xiaobo Wang, Xiao XuDas Xcelligence‐System eignet sich für In‐vitro‐Tests von mikrobiellen Toxinen oder für In‐vitro‐Kardiotoxizitätstests von Arzneimittelkandidaten und kann so Tierversuche ersetzen.
Biotechnica mit neuer Struktur
Authors: Zbikowski Frauke , Hübenthal Anke 
Published: July 2010

AbstractVom 7. bis zum 9. Oktober findet in Hannover die Messe Biotechnica statt, zum ersten Mal seit 1991 wieder im Jahresrhythmus. Neu ist die Kooperation mit dem Kongress European Bio Perspectives.
GFP – Licht ins Dunkel der Zelle
Authors: Hauser Christina 
Published: July 2010

AbstractDas grünfluoreszierende Protein (GFP) dient als genetisch integrierbare Sonde, beispielsweise zum Studium der Genexpression oder um Proteine in lebenden Zellen zu lokalisieren. Für die Entdeckung des GFP und dessen Weiterentwicklung zu einem Werkzeug für die Molekularbiologie erhielten die US‐Amerikaner Osamu Shimomura, Martin Chalfie und Roger Y. Tsien den Nobelpreis für Chemie.
Pionier der Seltenen Erden
Authors: Löffler Gerd 
Published: July 2010

AbstractGerd LöfflerVor 150 Jahren wurde der österreichische Chemiker Carl Auer von Welsbach geboren. Neben seinen großen Leistungen als Unternehmer und Erfinder gerät der Forscher manchmal in Vergessenheit.Zu Unrecht, entdeckte er doch vier Elemente der Seltenen Erden. Auch der österreichischen Radioaktivitätsforschung bereitete er den Weg.
Forschung und Entwicklung für den Erfolg organisieren
Authors: Heyl. Andreas 
Published: July 2010

AbstractAndreas HeylUnternehmen benötigen richtige Strukturen und einen konstanten Zufluss an gut ausgebildeten Berufsanfängern. Universitätsabsolventen prüfen die Profile von Eintrittsabteilungen und bleiben im Unternehmen, wenn das Arbeitsumfeld stimmt. Lonza bietet flache Hierarchien und viel Eigenverantwortung.
Modeling and computation of fretting wear of structures under sharp contact
Authors: Dhia Hachmi Ben , Torkhani Mohamed 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThis paper is concerned with the modeling and simulation of the evolution of fretting wear of interacting solids submitted to cyclic loading and possibly undergoing large mechanical transformations. A Lagrangian formalism of the virtual work principle integrating significant worn volumes from the interacting solids is given. An extension of the Archard's wear model to the large transformations framework is developed and explained. Variational large transformations Lagrangian hybrid contact wear formulations are then derived. Wear explicit and wear implicit solution methodologies are described. A delocalized Archard's law is introduced to bound the wear of a structure under a corner or an edge of contact. Further, we resort to the multimodel Arlequin framework to capture efficiently wear concentrations as well as significant material removal due to wear, while enhancing the modeling flexibility and reducing the simulation costs of wear of structures, particularly thin ones. Our global methodology is assessed by some didactic numerical tests. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
On a code of ethics for policy experts
Authors: Benveniste Guy 
Published: July 2010

AbstractAdvances in science and technology have exposed society to risks of unprecedented magnitude, which sometimes must be faced on very short notice, as in the field of nuclear power. Those developments have greatly increased the significance of the opinions of policy experts. When adversaries are pitted against one another on such issues, the risk that policy experts may lose legitimacy in the eyes of the public is very high. At such times, the concern grows that the experts' views may be influenced by pressure from their principals or by conflicts of personal interest. One step that could reduce the risk of a loss of legitimacy for policy experts is to develop a code of ethics, which would include such issues as defining the responsibility of the expert, identifying unacceptable conflicts of interest, determining the expert's obligations regarding secrecy and disclosure, and developing standards for the process of decision‐making in emergencies.
Markets and politics in France's declining regions
Authors: Zukin Sharon 
Published: July 2010

AbstractFrance has adopted an explicit policy of countering the decline of its old industrial areas, by encouraging a process of reindustrialization in those regions. The French experience illustrates the challenge that such an approach encounters, including dificulties arising out of policies of the European Community, the efforts of the government to achieve national growth targets, the locational preferences of potential “replacement” industries, and political and financial constraints on regional governments when they assume an entrepreneurial role. In the end, the effect of government intervention proves complex. Although the principal effort is directed at cushioning the pressures of market forces, the net result of public policy is often to transmit such forces more directly than in the past.
The changing role of social experiments in policy analysis
Authors: Greenberg David H. , Robins Philip K. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractSince 1968 more than thirty‐five social policy experiments have been conducted in the United States. During this period through 1976 these experiments were generally long‐term, large‐scale tests of major new programs; thereafter, experiments became markedly more modest in scope. Although hundreds of millions of dollars were spent on the earlier programs, the experiments probably had only a negligible impact on policies. This result stemmed from a variety of factors: Social testing actually tends to exert a conservative influence on policymaking; and the time required to complete experiments and interpret results is often incompatible with the needs of policy makers. In addition, test results are often not effectively communicated to Congress, the administration and the public, and even when the results are conveyed, policy makers are frequently skeptical about the soundness of the methodologies employed. If recent experimental programs are to exert more influence on policymaking, program oficials will need to address these dificulties.
Natural gas deregulatin: The need for further reform
Authors: Broadman Harry G. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractLike attempts at achieving effective regulation of economic activity where it is warranted, deregulation can entail hidden complexities and produce unintended outcomes. The principle that deregulation begets “second order” effects that may necessitate further regulatory reform is epitomized in the case of natural gas. This article shows how the partial deregulation of natural gas wellhead markets under the Natural Gas Policy Act of 1978 caused a variety of distortions to emerge in other segments of the industry. Because the distortions are mutually reinforcing, no single policy, such as immediate decontrol of “old” gas or subjecting pipeline companies to common carrier obligations, will solve all of them; rather an integrated program of regulatory reform is required. The article concludes by outlining such a program and commenting on how its implementation through administrative and legislative actions should be carried out in order to reduce the need for further reform in the future.
The narrative structure of policy analysis
Authors: Kaplan Thomas J. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThis paper holds that the prior development of clear external criteria or principles is not always a useful avenue to the resolution of policy dilemmas, and that external criteria are sometimes as likely to emerge from proposed resolutions to policy issues as they are to govern those resolutions. In the absence of external criteria, stories meeting certain characteristics (truth, richness, consistency, congruency, and unity) can integrate necessary considerations, explain the development of current dilemmas, and point the way to resolutions. Not all policy analyses need to be in the narrative form‐some analyses appropriately make tenseless arguments for particular principles. However, these principles invariably allow for many possible actions, and only a narrative can explain which particular course of action is desirable and why.
Effects of malonic acid treatment on crystal structure, melting behavior, morphology, and mechanical properties of isotactic poly(propylene)/wollastonite composites
Authors: Li Lin , Dou Qiang 
Published: July 2010

AbstractWollastonite is treated with a new surface modifier (malonic acid). The influence of malonic acid treatment on the crystallization and mechanical properties of polypropylene (PP)/wollastonite composites has been studied. The results of differential scanning calorimetry, wide angle X‐ray diffractometry, and polarized light microscopy prove that malonic acid‐treated wollastonite increases the relative content of β‐crystal form of PP. The scanning electron microscopy shows that malonic acid‐treated wollastonite has better compatibility with PP matrix than the untreated wollastonite. Higher β‐phase contents, smaller spherulite sizes, and better compatibility with PP matrix of the composites containing malonic acid‐treated wollastonite result in improved impact strength and tensile strength, but lower flexural modulus. The results of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy show that malonic acid reacts with the Ca2+ of wollastonite to form the calcium malonate, which acts as an effective β‐nucleating agent. POLYM. COMPOS., 2010. © 2009 Society of Plastics Engineers
Calculation of the molecular weight distribution of crosslinked polymer chains using the theory of branching processes
Authors: Vojta Vladimír , Dušek Karel 
Published: July 2010

AbstractA numerical method for calculation of the weight‐fraction distribution resulting from random crosslinking of polydisperse primary chains is suggested. The method is based on the numerical inverse Laplace transform of the weight‐fraction generating function given by the theory of branching processes. The applicability of the method was demonstrated using the Schulz‐Zimm type distribution of primary chains. A good agreement was obtained by comparing the results with those following from the kinetic theory of crosslinking for the most probable distribution of primary chains at low degrees of crosslinking.
Polymers as Catalysts
Authors: Sherrington David C. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractPolymers have been widely used as catalysts or catalyst supports and the various applications can be categorised conveniently into four groups (a) catalysis by soluble linear polymers, (b) catalysis by ion exchange resins, (c) polymer‐supported ‘homogeneous’ metal complex catalysts and (d) polymer‐supported phase transfer catalysts. A brief review of each of these is given, with citation of some of the more recent and important examples which illustrate some of the basic principles involved.
Structural Differences Between Similar Commercial Grades of Polyvinyl Alcohol‐Acetate
Authors: Dunn Alexander S. , Naravane Shreeang R. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThe properties of ostensibly similar grades of polyvinyl alcohol‐acetate are often found to be drastically different: for example, the viscosity of a polyvinyl acetate latex prepared using polyvinyl alcohol in the emulsifier system was reduced by half when a different sample of polyvinyl alcohol was used, yet the polyvinyl alcohols appeared to be identical in most respects. However, when the { 1 H } −13C n.m.r. spectra were obtained under identical conditions it was found that the ratio of the intensities of the methine and methylene resonances differed. This is attributable to a difference in the extent of short‐chain non‐hydrolysable branching.
Colloidal Reinforcement: The Influence of Bound Polymer
Authors: Kendall Kevin , Sherliker Frank R. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThe reinforcement of rubbers by colloidal filler particles has often been associated with the presence of ‘bound polymer’, that polymer which cannot be removed by solvent extraction from the filled material. This paper demonstrates to the contrary that, for filled polyethylene, bound polymer is observed but reinforcement is not. Indeed, the bound polymer appears to embrittle the filled material. A new model of the filler‐polymer interface is proposed to account for these results. It is suggested that there are two interfaces in a filled polymer; one between filler and bound polymer, and a second interface between bound polymer and soluble polymer. This second interface appears to be weak in the case of filled polyethylene and causes failure some 2.8 nm from the true filler surface. The model explains why cross‐linking the polyethylene, or increasing its molecular weight, overcomes the embrittlement problem.