bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study of influence of additives of tyloxapol on the chromatographic characteristics of the model compounds: the comparative characterization of micellar mobile phases of tyloxapol and Triton X‐100
Authors: Rukhadze Marina , Sebiskveradze Maya , Makharadze Theona , Kutkhashvili Maya 
Published: March 2009

AbstractThe chromatographic behavior of model compounds of biomedical significance (organic acids, amino acids, drugs) was investigated using mobile phases modified with tyloxapol. The influence of factors such as concentration of tyloxapol, content of organic modifier and pH of mobile phase on the retention factor of solutes was studied. The results were compared with the data obtained by elution with mobile phases containing Triton X‐100 additives, since units of Triton X‐100 are repeated in the structure of tyloxapol. Divergence in chromatographic behavior of model compounds was explained by the difference in physico‐chemical characteristics (microviscosity, polarity, critical micelle concentration, shape of micelles, etc.) of tyloxapol and Triton X‐100 micelles. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Lysophosphatidylcholine—biomarker of Metformin action: studied using UPLC/MS/MS
Authors: Cai Shuang , Huo Taoguang , Li Ning , Xiong Zhili , Li Famei 
Published: March 2009

AbstractAn UPLC/MS/MS based metabonomic method was developed and applied to the elucidation of biomarker of metformin action. The plasma metabolite profiling in healthy volunteers before and after per os metformin was determined with UPLC/MS/MS and analyzed by using multivariate statistics. Significant difference in endogenous metabolite profiles was revealed before and after administration of metformin. Four biomarkers found were lysophosphatidylcholines (LPCs), and their structures were tentatively identified to be 16:0 LPC, 18:0 LPC, 18:1 LPC and 18:2 LPC according to the molecular ions information and corresponding fragments of product ion scan. Lysophosphatidylcholine in blood may be involved in metformin treatment. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Quantification of montelukast, a selective cysteinyl leukotriene receptor (CysLT1) antagonist in human plasma by liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry: validation and its application to a human pharmacokinetic study
Authors: Bharathi D. Vijaya , Hotha Kishore Kumar , Jagadeesh B. , Mullangi Ramesh , Naidu A. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractA highly sensitive, rapid assay method has been developed and validated for the estimation of montelukast (MTK) in human plasma with liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry with electro spray ionization in the positive‐ion mode. Liquid–liquid extraction was used to extract MTK and amlodipine (internal standard, IS) from human plasma. Chromatographic separation was achieved with 10 mm ammonium acetate (pH 6.4): acetonitrile (15:85, v/v) at a flow rate of 0.50 mL/min on a Discovery HS C18 column with a total run time of 3.5 min. The MS/MS ion transitions monitored were 586.10 → 422.10 for MTK and 409.20 → 238.30 for IS. Method validation and clinical sample analysis were performed as per FDA guidelines and the results met the acceptance criteria. The lower limit of quantitation achieved was 0.25 ng/mL and linearity was observed from 0.25 to 800 ng/mL. The intra‐day and inter‐day precisions were 5.97–8.33 and 7.09–10.13%, respectively. This novel method has been applied to a pharmacokinetic study of MTK in humans. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Neurobiology of empathy and callousness: Implications for the development of antisocial behavior
Authors: Shirtcliff Elizabeth A. , Vitacco Michael J. , Graf Alexander R. , Gostisha Andrew J. , Merz Jenna L. , Zahn‐Waxler Carolyn 
Published: March 2009

AbstractInformation on the neurobiology of empathy and callousness provides clinicians with an opportunity to develop sophisticated understanding of mechanisms underpinning antisocial behavior and its counterpart, moral decision‐making. This article provides an integrated in‐depth review of hormones (e.g. peripheral steroid hormones such as cortisol) and brain structures (e.g. insula, anterior cingulate cortex, and amygdala) implicated in empathy, callousness, and psychopathic‐like behavior. The overarching goal of this article is to relate these hormones and brain structures to moral decision‐making. This review will begin in the brain, but will then integrate information about biological functioning in the body, specifically stress‐reactivity. Our aim is to integrate understanding of neural processes with hormones such as cortisol, both of which have demonstrated relationships to empathy, psychopathy, and antisocial behavior. The review proposes that neurobiological impairments in individuals who display little empathy are not necessarily due to a reduced ability to understand the emotions of others. Instead, evidence suggests that individuals who show little arousal to the distress of others likewise show decreased physiological arousal to their own distress; one manifestation of reduced stress reactivity may be a dysfunction in empathy, which supports psychopathic‐like constructs (e.g. callousness). This integration will assist in the development of objective methodologies that can inform and monitor treatment interventions focused on decreasing antisocial behavior. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Optimization of primary culture condition for mesenchymal stem cells derived from umbilical cord blood with factorial design
Authors: Fan Xiubo , Liu Tianqing , Liu Yang , Ma Xuehu , Cui Zhanfeng 
Published: March 2009

AbstractMesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can not only support the expansion of hematopoietic stem cells in vitro, but also alleviate complications and accelerate recovery of hematopoiesis during hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. However, it proved challenging to culture MSCs from umbilical cord blood (UCB) with a success rate of 20–30%. Many cell culture parameters contribute to this outcome and hence optimization of culture conditions is critical to increase the probability of success. In this work, fractional factorial design was applied to study the effect of cell inoculated density, combination and dose of cytokines, and presence of serum and stromal cells. The cultured UCB‐MSC‐like cells were characterized by flow cytometry and their multilineage differentiation potentials were tested. The optimal protocol was identified achieving above 90% successful outcome: 2 × 106 cells/mL mononuclear cells inoculated in Iscove's modified Dulbecco's medium supplied with 10% FBS, 15 ng/mL IL‐3, and 5 ng/mL Granulocyte‐macrophage colony‐stimulating factor (GM‐CSF). Moreover, the UCB‐MSC‐like cells expressed MSC surface markers of CD13, CD29, CD105, CD166, and CD44 positively, and CD34, CD45, and human leukocyte antigens‐DR (HLA‐DR) negatively. Meanwhile, these cells could differentiate into osteoblasts, chondrocytes, and adipocytes similarly to MSCs derived from bone marrow. In conclusion, we have developed an efficient protocol for the primary culture of UCB‐MSCs by adding suitable cytokines into the culture system. © 2009 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Biotechnol. Prog., 2009
On extremum seeking in bioprocesses with multivalued cost functions
Authors: Bastin Georges , Nešić Dragan , Tan Ying , Mareels Iven 
Published: March 2009

AbstractFinding optimal operating modes for bioprocesses has been, for a long time, a relevant issue in bioengineering. The problem is of special interest when it implies the simultaneous optimization of competing objectives. In this paper, we address the problem of finding optimal steady states that achieve the best tradeoff between yield and productivity by using nonmodel ‐ based extremum‐seeking control with semiglobal practical stability and convergence properties. A special attention is paid to processes with multiple steady states and multivalued cost functions. © 2009 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Biotechnol. Prog., 2009
Redox Properties of a Constructed Wetland: Theoretical and Practical Aspects
Authors: Šíma Jan , Diáková Kateřina , Pavelcová Lenka , Havelka Michal 
Published: March 2009

Abstractmagnified imageConstructed wetlands represent a progressive approach to the wastewater treatment. A fundamental prerequisite of the efficient water quality improvement is the presence of redox potential gradients (connected with the aeration of the system) inside the vegetation bed. Redox properties of a constructed wetland were tested in three longitudinal transects crossing the vegetation bed from the inflow zone to the outflow using diverse indicators (e.g., FeIII/FeII, SO$\rm{ {_{4}^{2-}}}$/S2−). Approximately 10–25% of iron was reoxidized in samples taken 10 m from the inflow zone in 2006. Redox processes of iron in artificial (constructed wetland) and natural (peat bog) ecosystems were compared. The peat bog was characterized with higher percentages of FeII (usually ca. 90–100%). Thus, the aeration of the peat land was lower in comparison with the constructed wetland. The constructed wetland efficiently reduced sulfates (average concentrations of 44.7 and 11.2 mg/l at the inflow and the outflow, resp., in 2007). Organics, expressed as CODCr and BOD5, and NH$\rm{ {_{4}^{+}}}$ were removed with efficiencies of 86.4, 92.2, and 60.4%, respectively. However, total phosphorus (redox processes play a negligible role in this case) was removed only with 39.6% efficiency. Redox properties of the wetland did not significantly depend on the heterogeneity of the treated wastewater flow.
Acylated Flavonol Bisdesmosides, Sinocrassosides A3–A7 and B3, with Aminopeptidase N Inhibitory Activity from Sinocrassula indica
Authors: Morikawa Toshio , Xie Haihui , Wang Tao , Matsuda Hisashi , Yoshikawa Masayuki 
Published: March 2009

Abstractmagnified imageSix new acylated flavonol bisdesmosides, sinocrassosides A3, A4, A5, A6, A7, and B3 (1–6, resp.), were isolated from the MeOH extract of the whole plant of Sinocrassula indica. The structures of 1–6 were elucidated on the basis of chemical and physicochemical evidence. Among them, 2 and 6 which have an acyl group in the 3′′′‐position were found to show strong inhibitory effects on aminopeptidase N activity, which were stronger than that of curcumin.
Degradation of High‐Molar‐Mass Hyaluronan by Ascorbate plus Cupric Ions: Effects of D‐Penicillamine Addition
Authors: Valachová Katarína , Rapta Peter , Kogan Grigorij , Hrabárová Eva , Gemeiner Peter , Šoltés Ladislav 
Published: March 2009

Abstractmagnified imagePro‐ and anti‐oxidative effects of an anti‐rheumatoid drug, D‐penicillamine (D‐PN), on the kinetics of high‐molar‐mass hyaluronan (HA) degradation were monitored using the method of rotational viscometry. The degradation of the dissolved HA macromolecules was attained by applying the Weissberger's system comprising ascorbic acid plus cupric ions. Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy was used to identify the generated free radicals. The results obtained indicate that the initial anti‐oxidative action of D‐PN is followed by induction of pro‐oxidative conditions due to the generation of reactive free radicals. It is speculated, however, that the latter situation may be considered as an advantageous property of D‐PN. Hydroxyl radicals formed in this way may participate in decomposition of proteinases, which are believed to be responsible for the destruction of joint cartilage under rheumatoid arthritic conditions.
Flufuran, an Antifungal 3,5‐Disubstituted Furan Produced by Aspergillus flavusLink
Authors: Evidente Antonio , Cristinzio Gennaro , Punzo Biancavaleria , Andolfi Anna , Testa Antonino , Melck Dominique 
Published: March 2009

Abstractmagnified imageA 3,5‐disubstituted furan, named flufuran, was isolated from a culture filtrate of a strain of Aspergillus flavus obtained from a chestnut compost created in the same orchard. Flufuran was identified by spectroscopic methods, and its structure was confirmed through the preparation of some key derivatives, also used to test the antifungal activity. At a concentration of 0.2 mg/ml, assayed against three Phytophthora species, pathogenic of some forest and agrarian plants, flufuran and especially its acetyl derivative showed significant antifungal activity. Although flufuran appears to be identical to a fungal metabolite isolated previously from some Polyporus spp., its interesting antifungal activity has never been reported before.
Synthesis and Characterization of the Enantiomerically Pure cis‐ and trans‐2,4‐Dioxa‐3‐fluoro‐3‐phosphadecalins as Inhibitors of Acetylcholinesterase
Authors: Wächter Michael , Rüedi Peter 
Published: March 2009

Abstractmagnified imageThe title compounds, the P(3)‐axially‐ and P(3)‐equatorially‐substituted cis‐ and trans‐configured 3‐fluoro‐2,4‐dioxa‐3‐phosphadecalin 3‐oxides (=3‐fluoro‐2,4‐dioxa‐3‐phosphabicyclo[4.4.0]decane 3‐oxides) have been prepared (ee>99%) and fully characterized. The compounds are irreversible inhibitors of acetylcholinesterase, and both the kinetic data and the mechanisms of the inhibition are determined by a novel enzyme‐kinetic approach that is described in the preceding report. The inhibitors display pronounced stereoselectivity, and several of them are significantly stronger than diisopropyl fluorophosphate that is generally used as a potent standard.
Value of intravascular ultrasound in the management of coronary chronic total occlusions
Authors: Rathore Sudhir , Terashima Mitsuyasu , Suzuki Takahiko 
Published: March 2009

AbstractFailure of guide wire crossing is the commonest reason for failed procedure in chronic total occlusion (CTO) of the coronary arteries. Intravascular ultrasound can be useful in some cases to achieve. Successful guide wire crossing into the distal true lumen of the coronary artery. We describe two cases demonstrating the role of intravascular ultrasound in successful recannalization of the CTO. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Ligand binding strategies of human serum albumin: How can the cargo be utilized?
Authors: Varshney Ankita , Sen Priyankar , Ahmad Ejaz , Rehan Mohd. , Subbarao Naidu , Khan Rizwan Hasan 
Published: March 2009

AbstractHuman serum albumin (HSA), being the most abundant carrier protein in blood and a modern day clinical tool for drug delivery, attracts high attention among biologists. Hence, its unfolding/refolding strategies and exogenous/endogenous ligand binding preference are of immense use in therapeutics and clinical biochemistry. Among its fellow proteins albumin is known to carry almost every small molecule. Thus, it is a potential contender for being a molecular cargo/or nanovehicle for clinical, biophysical and industrial purposes. Nonetheless, its structure and function are largely regulated by various chemical and physical factors to accommodate HSA to its functional purpose. This multifunctional protein also possesses enzymatic properties which may be used to convert prodrugs to active therapeutics. This review aims to highlight current overview on the binding strategies of protein to various ligands that may be expected to lead to significant clinical applications. Chirality, 2010. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Interoperation of world‐wide production e‐Science infrastructures
Authors: Riedel M. , Laure E. , Soddemann Th. , Field L. , Navarro J. P. , Casey J. , Litmaath M. , Baud J. Ph. , Koblitz B. , Catlett C. , Skow D. , Zheng C. , Papadopoulos P. M. , Katz M. , Sharma N. , Smirnova O. , Kónya B. , Arzberger P. , Würthwein F. , Rana A. S. , Martin T. , Wan M. , Welch V. , Rimovsky T. , Newhouse S. , Vanni A. , Tanaka Y. , Tanimura Y. , Ikegami T. , Abramson D. , Enticott C. , Jenkins G. , Pordes R. , Sharma N. , Timm S. , Sharma N. , Moont G. , Aggarwal M. , Colling D. , van der Aa O. , Sim A. , Natarajan V. , Shoshani A. , Gu J. , Chen S. , Galang G. , Zappi R. , Magnoni L. , Ciaschini V. , Pace M. , Venturi V. , Marzolla M. , Andreetto P. , Cowles B. , Wang S. , Saeki Y. , Sato H. , Matsuoka S. , Uthayopas P. , Sriprayoonsakul S. , Koeroo O. , Viljoen M. , Pearlman L. , Pickles S. , Wallom David , Moloney G. , Lauret J. , Marsteller J. , Sheldon P. , Pathak S. , De Witt S. , Mencák J. , Jensen J. , Hodges M. , Ross D. , Phatanapherom S. , Netzer G. , Gregersen A. R. , Jones M. , Chen S. , Kacsuk P. , Streit A. , Mallmann D. , Wolf F. , Lippert Th. , Delaitre Th. , Huedo E. , Geddes N. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractMany production Grid and e‐Science infrastructures have begun to offer services to end‐users during the past several years with an increasing number of scientific applications that require access to a wide variety of resources and services in multiple Grids. Therefore, the Grid Interoperation Now—Community Group of the Open Grid Forum—organizes and manages interoperation efforts among those production Grid infrastructures to reach the goal of a world‐wide Grid vision on a technical level in the near future. This contribution highlights fundamental approaches of the group and discusses open standards in the context of production e‐Science infrastructures. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The Aerosol‐Assisted CVD of Silver Films from Single‐Source Precursors
Authors: Panneerselvam Arunkumar , Malik Mohammad A. , O'Brien Paul , Helliwell Madeleine 
Published: March 2009

AbstractThin films of silver are deposited from tetraphenyldioxoimidodiphosphinato silver(I) [Ag{(OPPh2)2N}]4 · 2H2O (1) and silver(I) triflouoroacetate CF3COOAg (2) single‐source precursors (SSPs) by the aerosol‐assisted (AA)CVD method. The complex (1) is a tetramer with linear and distorted tetrahedral coordination modes at silver. Two types of films, silvery and brownish, are observed from both SSPs due to the temperature gradient in the AACVD reactor. The as‐deposited films are characterized by X‐ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X‐ray (EDX) analysis, and ultraviolet/visible (UV‐vis) spectroscopy methods.
Differences in cardiovascular risk profile based on relationship between post‐load plasma glucose and fasting plasma levels
Authors: Succurro Elena , Marini Maria Adelaide , Grembiale Alessandro , Lugarà Marina , Andreozzi Francesco , Sciacqua Angela , Hribal Marta Letizia , Lauro Renato , Perticone Francesco , Sesti Giorgio 
Published: March 2009

AbstractBackgroundIt has been shown that subjects with normal glucose tolerance (NGT), whose plasma glucose (PG) levels do not return to their fasting PG level within 2 h during an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) (Group I), have a significantly higher risk to develop type 2 diabetes than NGT subjects whose 2‐h glucose returns to, or drops below, the fasting level (Group I). However, it is still unsettled whether individuals in Group II have a more atherogenic profile than Group I subjects.MethodsTo address this issue, we examined 266 non‐diabetic offspring of type 2 diabetic patients, recruited in the context of EUGENE2 cross‐sectional study. All subjects underwent an euglycaemic‐hyperinsulinemic clamp to assess glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity. Furthermore, cardiovascular risk factors and ultrasound measurement of carotid intima‐media thickness (IMT) were evaluated.ResultsIndividuals in Group II exhibited significantly higher waist circumference, blood pressure, triglycerides, 2‐h post‐load PG, hsC‐reactive protein, interleukin‐6, insulin‐like growth factor‐1 (IGF‐1), IMT, and lower insulin sensitivity than subjects in Group I.ConclusionsSubjects with NGT, whose PG concentration does not return to their fasting PG level within 2 h during OGTT, have an atherogenic profile, suggesting that performing OGTT with measurement of PG every 30 min may be useful to assess the risk for cardiovascular disease in glucose‐tolerant subjects. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Electro‐ and Photoinduced Formation and Transformation of Oxido‐Bridged Multinuclear Mn Complexes
Authors: Collomb Marie‐Noëlle , Deronzier Alain 
Published: March 2009

AbstractThe extensive chemistry of oxido‐bridged multinuclear manganese complexes arises to a large extent from their relevance to redox‐active metalloenzymes such as manganese catalases and the oxygen‐evolving complex of photosystem II containing, as active centres, oxido‐ and carboxylato‐bridged dinuclear and tetranuclear Mn complexes, respectively. During the enzymatic catalytic cycles the oxidation state changes of the Mn ions induce some structural changes of these active centres such as the formation of oxido bridges. In this area, this review is focused on examples from the literature of the formation and transformation of oxido‐bridged multinuclear manganese complexes that are induced by electrochemical or photochemical means. Representative examples of such transformations are provided by polypyridyl Mn complexes, with interconversion between mononuclear, dinuclear and tetranuclear cores accompanied by the concomitant formation or breaking of μ‐oxido bridges. Other important examples are furnished by dinuclear Mn complexes having multipodal amino‐pyridyl ligands, some of which contain phenolic units, for which a clean interconversion between μ‐oxido and μ‐acetato bridges are observed.(© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2009)
The role of physical properties data in product development
Authors: Flöter Eckhard 
Published: March 2009

AbstractGood input data are an essential base to understand how materials and compositions behave. In this contribution, the role of physical properties data in the process of developing fat‐based products is discussed. Based on a few examples, it is concluded that physical properties data, including the characterization of raw materials, is of paramount importance to transform from an experience‐based domain towards a knowledge‐based domain. Furthermore, it is illustrated that, even though a priori modeling of product properties remains practically impossible, modeling based on adequate input data, thus physical properties data, helps to design better experimental strategies during the search for product solutions.
How acts of forgiveness restore a sense of justice: Addressing status/power and value concerns raised by transgressions
Authors: Wenzel Michael , Okimoto Tyler G. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractCommonly it is understood that forgiveness means sacrificing justice. However, the present study shows that the act of forgiving can increase a sense of justice, which in turn facilitates benevolent sentiments towards the offender. University students (N = 88) imagined themselves as victims and, after the offender either did or did not offer an apology, they either were or were not instructed to express their forgiveness to the offender (via an email). Results showed that, irrespective of apology, the expression of forgiveness led to a greater sense of justice in victims, mediated via feelings of status/power and the perception of a value consensus with the offender. The feeling of justice further mediated the effects of the forgiveness expression in terms of reducing hostile emotions, revenge motivation and retributive attitudes, as well as increasing the willingness to reconcile with the offender. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.