bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of intermittent fasting combined with exercise on serum leptin and adiponectin in adults with or without obesity: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials
Authors: Kazeminasab Fatemeh , Behzadnejad Nasim , Cerqueira Henrique S. , Santos Heitor O. , Rosenkranz Sara K. 
Published: June 2024

ContextIntermittent fasting (IF) and exercise training (Exe) have been evaluated in several studies for improving cardiometabolic biomarkers related to weight loss. However, further investigation is required to understand the potential effects on leptin and adiponectin concentrations. IF protocols have been shown to be efficient in improving adipokines, but further research is required to determine whether or not IF regimens combined with Exe are superior to Exe alone.ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to determine whether or not interventions combining IF plus Exe are more effective than Exe only for improving serum leptin and adiponectin in adults with and without obesity.Data extractionA systematic review and meta-analysis was performed by searching PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases up to August 2023 for randomized clinical trials that determined the effects of IF plus Exe vs. Exe alone (control) on body weight, serum leptin, and serum adiponectin. Analyses were conducted for IF plus Exe vs. Exe alone to calculate weighted mean differences (WMD) and standardized mean differences (SMD).AnalysisThe current meta-analysis included 6 studies with a total sample of 153 participants, with intervention durations ranging from three days to 52 weeks. IF plus Exe elicited significantly larger decreases in leptin levels [SMD = −0.47, p = 0.03], which were accompanied by weight loss [WMD = −1.25 kg, p = 0.05], as compared with exercise-only interventions, but adiponectin did not differ between the two [SMD = 0.02, p = 0.9].ConclusionIF combined with Exe reduced leptin significantly, but did not change adiponectin levels, when compared to exercise only. Perhaps these reductions in leptin levels may have been associated with weight loss; however, due to the small number of included studies and the high heterogeneity in the weight loss outcomes, this result is uncertain.Systematic review registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, identifier CRD42023460735.
Antiresorptive agents enhance ossification of free flap reconstructions of the mandible: a radiological retrospective cohort study
Authors: Gottsauner Maximilian , Meier Johannes , Eichberger Jonas , Eckmüller Stephanie , Schuderer Johannes , Fiedler Mathias , Maurer Michael , Reichert Torsten E. , Ettl Tobias 
Published: June 2024

BackgroundThe aim of this study was to investigate the effect of antiresorptive agents on the ossification of reconstructed mandibles by free bone grafts for the first time.MethodsA total of 38 reconstructions of the jaw were retrospectively evaluated for ossification between bone segments by two raters based on postoperative panoramic radiographs. The study group (n = 13) had segmental resection of the mandible and free bone flap reconstruction due to medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ). The control group (noMRONJ, n = 25) comprised segmental mandibular resections and free bone flap reconstructions due to tumors, chronic osteomyelitis, or trauma without any radiation. Ossification time and influencing factors were evaluated.ResultsBoth duration of surgery (346 ± 90 min. vs. 498 ± 124 min.; p &lt; 0.001) and hospitalization (8.7 ± 2.8 days vs. 13.4 ± 5.3 days, p = 0.006) were shorter in the MRONJ group compared to the noMRONJ group. Ossification after mandibular reconstruction was significantly faster in the MRONJ study group [224 days, interquartile range (IQR) 175–287] compared to the control group (288 days, IQR 194–445; p &lt; 0.001). Moreover, good initial contact between the segments resulted in faster ossification (p &lt; 0.001) in the MRONJ group. Ossification rate between original and grafted bone or between grafted bone segments only did not differ in both the study and control groups (MRONJ, p = 0.705 vs. control, p = 0.292). The type of antiresorptive agent did not show any significance for ossification. The rate of wound healing disturbances did also not differ between the study and control groups (p = 0.69).ConclusionAdvanced MRONJ (stage 3) can be resected and reconstructed safely with free microvascular bone flaps. Antiresorptive agents enhance the ossification of the bone segments. Optimal initial contact of the bone segments accelerates bone healing. Surgery and hospitalization are markedly shortened in this vulnerable group of MRONJ patients compared to oncologic patients.
Efficacy and safety of antibody–drug conjugates in the treatment of urothelial cell carcinoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective clinical trials
Authors: Ren Jun-Wei , Chen Ze-Yu , Bai Yun-Jin , Han Ping 
Published: June 2024

Introduction: Urothelial carcinoma (UC) is a refractory disease for which achieving satisfactory outcomes remains challenging with current surgical interventions. Antibody–drug conjugates (ADCs) are a novel class of targeted therapeutics that have demonstrated encouraging results for UC. Although there is a limited number of high-quality randomized control trials (RCTs) examining the use of ADCs in patients with UC, some prospective non-randomized studies of interventions (NRSIs) provide valuable insights and pertinent information. We aim to assess the efficacy and safety of ADCs in patients with UC, particularly those with locally advanced and metastatic diseases.Methods: A systematic search was conducted across PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, and Web of Science databases to identify pertinent studies. Outcomes, such as the overall response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR), progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), adverse events (AEs), and treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs), were extracted for further analyses.Results: Twelve studies involving 1,311 patients were included in this meta-analysis. In terms of tumor responses, the pooled ORR and DCR were 40% and 74%, respectively. Regarding survival analysis, the pooled median PFS and OS were 5.66 months and 12.63 months, respectively. The pooled 6-month PFS and OS were 47% and 80%, while the pooled 1-year PFS and OS were 22% and 55%, respectively. The most common TRAEs of the ADCs were alopecia (all grades: 45%, grades ≥ III: 0%), decreased appetite (all grades: 34%, grades ≥ III: 3%), dysgeusia (all grades: 40%, grades ≥ III: 0%), fatigue (all grades: 39%, grades ≥ III: 5%), nausea (all grades: 45%, grades ≥ III: 2%), peripheral sensory neuropathy (all grades: 37%, grades ≥ III: 2%), and pruritus (all grades: 32%, grades ≥ III: 1%).Conclusion: The meta-analysis in this study demonstrates that ADCs have promising efficacies and safety for patients with advanced or metastatic UC.Systematic review registration:https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, identifier: CRD42023460232
Impact of sowing date and level of phosphorus application on economic returns in cotton
Authors: Tlatlaa Jacob Shauri , Tryphone George Muhamba , Nassary Eliakira Kisetu 
Published: June 2024

This study explored the economic dynamics of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) production in Msilale village, Chato District, Tanzania. The experiment utilized a factorial design with sowing dates on November 25th, December 15th, and January 4th, and phosphorus levels at 0, 20, 40, and 60 kg P ha-1, replicated three times. Results indicated significantly higher cotton yields (6.1 t ha-1 and 6.3 t ha-1) for November and December sowings compared to January (3.8 t ha-1). This is a 61% and 66% increase in cotton yields for November and December sowings, respectively relative to January sowing. Though not significant, 20 kg P ha-1 and 40 kg P ha-1 applications yielded 5.8 t ha-1 and 5.4 t ha-1, respectively, while 60 kg P ha-1 yielded 5.3 t ha-1. This is a 9.4% and 1.9% increase in cotton yields at 20 and 40 kg P ha-1, respectively relative to absolute control and 60 kg P ha-1 application. Economic analysis revealed that late sowing (January) had the lowest net profit (Tshs. 3,723,400 ≈ USD 1,486) and benefit-to-cost ratio (BCR) of 11.2. Early sowings recorded higher net profits (Tshs. 6,679,527 ≈ USD 2,666 and Tshs. 6,861,283 ≈ USD 2,738) and BCRs (18.4 and 18.8, respectively). This is a 79% (BCR = 64%) and 84% (BCR = 68) increase in net benefits from early sowings compared to late sowing. Applications of 20, 40, and 60 kg P ha-1 resulted in net benefits of Tshs. 5,452,572 ≈ USD 2,176 (BCR = 19.2), Tshs. 5,209,904 ≈ USD 2,079 (BCR = 15.1), and Tshs. 5,748,786 ≈ USD 2,294 (BCR = 14.1), respectively, with a significant (p = 0.017) BCR at 20 kg P ha-1 indicating cost-effectiveness. This is a 36% and 7.1% economic benefit at 20 and 40 kg P ha-1, respectively compared to 60 kg P ha-1 application. Optimizing sowing dates and P levels can boost economic returns in cotton production and promote sustainability.
Antenatal depression and its predictors among HIV positive women in Sub-Saharan Africa; a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Abebe Gossa Fetene , Alie Melsew Setegn , Adugna Amanuel , Asemelash Daniel , Tesfaye Tamirat , Girma Desalegn , Asres Abyot 
Published: June 2024

BackgroundAntenatal depression in Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) positive pregnant women can have significant adverse effects on both the mother and newborns, yet it is often overlooked in pregnancy care in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Despite this, there is limited data on the combined prevalence of antenatal depression and its predictors among HIV-positive women in the region.ObjectiveTo assess the pooled prevalence of antenatal depression and its associated factors among HIV-positive women in SSA.MethodsAll primary cross-sectional studies published before 1st January/2024, were included. We conducted searches in relevant databases; PubMed, HINARI, Web of Science, PsycINFO, Psychiatry Online, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar. The Joanna Briggs Institute checklist was used to critically appraise the selected studies. To assess heterogeneity among the studies, we utilized the I2 test. Publication bias was evaluated using a funnel plot and Egger’s test. The forest plot was used to present the combined proportion of antenatal depression and odds ratio, along with a 95% confidence interval.ResultsThe pooled prevalence of antenatal depression among HIV-positive women in Sub-Saharan Africa was found to be 30.6% (95% CI, 19.8%-41.3%). Factors significantly associated with antenatal depression among HIV-positive women in SSA included being unmarried (AOR: 3.09, 95% CI: 1.57 – 6.07), having a previous history of depression (AOR: 2.97, 95% CI: 1.79 – 4.91), experiencing intimate partner violence (IPV) (AOR: 2.11, 95% CI: 1.44 – 3.09), and experiencing stigma (AOR: 1.36, 95% CI: 1.05 – 1.76).ConclusionHigh prevalence of antenatal depression among HIV-positive women in SSA underscores the need for prioritizing identification and management. Interventions addressing factors like IPV and stigma, along with training for healthcare providers in recognizing symptoms and providing support, are recommended.Systematic Review Registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/, identifier CRD42024508236.
Analysis of demand and influencing factors for smart senior care among older adults in underdeveloped regions of western China: a case study of Lanzhou
Authors: Wang Yunhua , Zeng Hongyu , Lv Fengli , Wang Jiancheng 
Published: June 2024

IntroductionWith the rapid development of artificial intelligence and Internet-of-Things technology, internal support systems among families are gradually weakening, which can no longer satisfy the current demands of older adults. In this context, smart senior care has become a new development direction. However, existing studies on the demand for smart senior care are primarily concentrated in economically developed provinces and mega-cities in eastern China; their research results or conclusions may not apply to underdeveloped areas in the Western region. Therefore, our study selects Lanzhou as a representative city in an underdeveloped western region to investigate the demand of older adults for smart senior care and analyze the influencing factors.MethodsThis cross-sectional study included 4,815 older adults from Lanzhou, China. A structured questionnaire was designed to investigate the demands of the older adults for smart senior care and analyze thie influencing factors. The Chi-square test was used for single factor analysis of each variable. The logistic regression model included the statistically significant variables to analyze factors influencing older adults’ demand for smart senior care. A significance level of p &lt; 0.05 was considered statistically significant.ResultsAmong the surveyed older adults, 1,625 (33.75%) expressed a demand for smart senior care. The finding indicated that participants’ age, level of education, marital status, monthly income, number of children, type of endowment insurance, and knowledge of smart senior care were significantly associated with their demands for smart senior care (p &lt; 0.05). Notably, medical care emerged as the smart senior care service with the highest demand rate (79.45%).ConclusionIn Lanzhou, older adults show a low level of knowledge but a high demand for smart senior care. Their demand is influenced by personal, family, health conditions, senior care security, and other factors. To advance smart senior care, government departments should accelerate the improvement of the laws and regulations on smart senior care while vigorously enhancing the service’s publicity to raise knowledge about it. Additionally, the service contents for smart senior care should be expanded to meet the diversified demands of older adults.
Youth’s climate consciousness: unraveling the Dengue-climate connection in Bangladesh
Authors: Siddique Abu Bakkar , Hasan Maruf , Ahmed Ayesha , Rahman Md Hafizur , Sikder Md Tajuddin 
Published: June 2024

BackgroundClimate change affects the transmission of vector-borne diseases like dengue, posing a substantial public health threat. Bangladesh, with its favorable conditions for Dengue transmission, has experienced periodic outbreaks. This study explores the relationship between climate change knowledge, perceptions of the Dengue-climate link, and the associated factors among Bangladeshi youth.MethodsIn the Dhaka district of Bangladesh, a cross-sectional study was conducted between September and October 2023, involving face-to-face interviews with 1,358 participants. Convenient (non-probability) sampling was utilized for participant selection. Data collection involved the administration of a semi-structured questionnaire encompassing informed consent, socio-demographic information, and inquiries pertaining to climate change-related knowledge (13 items) and perception (11 items). Data analysis utilized STATA (Version 15.0) and SPSS (Version 26.0).ResultsThe mean scores for knowledge and perceptions were determined to be 7.10 ± 3.20 (out of 13) and 26.60 ± 4.12 (out of 33) respectively. Participants had a mean age of 22.02 ± 1.58 years. The study revealed that unmarried status, living in a nuclear family, being a non-smoker, good self-perception of physical health, regular sleep patterns, moderate social media usage, older age, unemployment, and daily media consumption are factors associated with higher knowledge and perception regarding the Dengue-climate change link. Moreover, a positive association was observed between knowledge of climate change and favorable attitudes toward the Dengue-climate connection.ConclusionThis study underscores the importance of tailored climate change education for youth in Bangladesh and highlights key variables influencing their knowledge and perceptions. Notably, there exists a positive association between climate change knowledge and favorable attitudes toward the Dengue-climate connection. These insights underscore the importance of targeted educational campaigns and policy interventions aimed at enhancing climate consciousness among the youth population, thereby fostering proactive measures to mitigate the impact of Dengue fever in the context of climate change.
Sex, environment, and death rate in a dementia cohort: a seven-years Bayesian survival analysis using medications data from a contaminated area in Italy
Authors: Mincuzzi Antonia , Lodeserto Paolo , Zollino Jennifer , Sardone Rodolfo , Bisceglia Lucia , Addabbo Francesco , Minerba Sante , Colacicco Vito Gregorio , Giannico Orazio Valerio 
Published: June 2024

IntroductionStudies have analyzed the effects of industrial installations on the environment and human health in Taranto, Southern Italy. Literature documented associations between different variables and dementia mortality among both women and men. The present study aims to investigate the associations between sex, environment, age, disease duration, pandemic years, anti-dementia drugs, and death rate.MethodsData from the regional medication registry were used. All women and men with an anti-dementia medication between 2015 and 2021 were included and followed-up to 2021. Bayesian mixed effects logistic and Cox regression models with time varying exposures were fitted using integrated nested Laplace approximations and adjusting for patients and therapy characteristics.ResultsA total of 7,961 person-years were observed. Variables associated with lower prevalence of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (AChEIs) medication were male sex (OR 0.63, 95% CrI 0.42–0.96), age 70–79 years (OR 0.17, 95% CrI 0.06–0.47) and ≥ 80 years (OR 0.08, 95% CrI 0.03–0.23), disease duration of 2–3 years (OR 0.43, 95% CrI 0.32–0.56) and 4–6 years (OR 0.21, 95% CrI 0.13–0.33), and pandemic years 2020 (OR 0.50, 95% CrI 0.37–0.67) and 2021 (OR 0.47, 95% CrI 0.33–0.65). Variables associated with higher mortality were male sex (HR 2.14, 95% CrI 1.75–2.62), residence in the contaminated site of national interest (SIN) (HR 1.25, 95% CrI 1.02–1.53), age ≥ 80 years (HR 6.06, 95% CrI 1.94–18.95), disease duration of 1 year (HR 1.50, 95% CrI 1.12–2.01), 2–3 years (HR 1.90, 95% CrI 1.45–2.48) and 4–6 years (HR 2.21, 95% CrI 1.60–3.07), and pandemic years 2020 (HR 1.38, 95% CrI 1.06–1.80) and 2021 (HR 1.56, 95% CrI 1.21–2.02). Variables associated with lower mortality were therapy with AChEIs alone (HR 0.69, 95% CrI 0.56–0.86) and in combination with memantine (HR 0.54, 95% CrI 0.37–0.81).DiscussionMale sex, age, disease duration, and pandemic years appeared to be associated with lower AChEIs medications. Male sex, residence in the SIN of Taranto, age, disease duration, and pandemic years seemed to be associated with an increased death rate, while AChEIs medication seemed to be associated with improved survival rate.
A longevity level-oriented wellness target area identification method: a case study of Yunnan Province, China
Authors: Wang Yu , Wang Jiaxue , Wang Xiao 
Published: June 2024

BackgroundAging, as a global demographic issue, is characterized by its rapid growth, which drives an increase in people's healthcare awareness. The emergence of wellness bases caters to this market demand. Therefore, the identification of potential areas suitable for wellness activities and the construction of wellness bases, referred to as Wellness Target Areas (WTAs), becomes a crucial first step. Currently, commonly used identification methods are mostly based on traditional statistical approaches, which are often complex, cumbersome, and subject to potential risks of subjective assumptions, affecting the reliability of WTAs identification results. Longevity level serves as a comprehensive indicator reflecting the natural and socio-economic environment of a region, making it the most indicative of the regional wellness environment status.MethodsThis study proposes using longevity level as the benchmark for WTAs identification to simplify the identification process and reduce the impact of subjective bias on the results. The study focuses on 129 county-level units in Yunnan Province. Firstly, the Geodetector (GD) is utilized to explore the complex interaction between the longevity level and the geographical environment to determine regional wellness factors. Secondly, using ArcGIS and geographical weighted regression (GWR), the study investigates the role of different wellness factors, ultimately classifying and grading the WTAs.ResultsThe longevity level in Yunnan Province exhibits a pattern of multi-point clustering, forming three major longevity regions. Factors that significantly influence longevity level include annual average precipitation, sunshine duration, PM2.5 content, per capita disposable income, density of tourist attractions, and distance from residential areas to hospitals. Based on the degree of longevity and the contribution rate of influencing factors, Yunnan Province's WTAs are classified into three levels and two types (natural and comprehensive).ConclusionOur study aims to establish a connection between longevity level and the selection of wellness bases, exploring regional wellness factors through the relationship between longevity phenomena and geographical environment, identifying potential construction areas for wellness bases (i.e., WTAs), providing new insights for the precise selection of wellness bases, effectively enhancing the scientificity of site selection, promoting population health, and contributing to the global aging process with better health.
Technical-scientific production and knowledge networks about medicinal plants and herbal medicines in the Amazon
Authors: Lepsch-Cunha Nadja , Muraro Vinicius , Nascimento Henrique Eduardo Mendonça , Mazoni Alysson , Nunez Cecília Verónica , Bonacelli Maria Beatriz Machado 
Published: June 2024

IntroductionThis paper explores the role of Brazilian research institutions in the global and national context of study of medicinal plants. Most of these plants have ethnopharmacological use and herbal medicines related to the Amazon. It highlights Brazil's position in scientific production and the importance of Amazonian resources in developing phytomedicines. The study aims to provide an overview of the technical-scientific production of medicinal plants and herbal medicines related to the Amazon, focusing on scientific impact, collaboration, Technology Readiness Level (TRL) of scientific production, and innovation system maturity.MethodsThe study employs a comprehensive methodological approach, including data collection from Scopus covering the period from 2002 to 2022. The data was cleaned and analyzed using bibliometric and network analysis techniques. Advanced natural language processing techniques, such as Latent Dirichlet Allocation and Jaccard distance measure, were used for TRL classification.ResultsThe findings reveal a predominant contribution from Brazilian institutions and authors, with 1,850 publications analyzed. Key areas identified include Pharmacology, Toxicology, Pharmaceuticals, Medicine, and Biochemistry. The study also uncovers various collaborative networks and technological maturity levels, with a significant focus on early-stage development phases.DiscussionThe research concludes that Brazilian institutions, particularly those in the Amazon region, play a significant role in the scientific exploration and development of medicinal plants and herbal medicines. Despite this, countries like the USA were proportionally more productive in clinical trial research. The study underscores the potential of Brazil's rich biodiversity and traditional knowledge in the pharmaceutical industry, particularly for neglected diseases. It suggests the need for stronger research systems and international collaboration to leverage these resources for global health benefits.