bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Disparities in the Quality of Life Among Smokers, Nonsmokers, and Ex-smokers
Authors: Anu V. , Laksmi B. Seetha , Sharmila S. , Shivani S. , Mahalakshmi SM 
Published: June 2024

Introduction:
Ill effects of smoking and the advantage of smoking cessation on health are well reported. This study was undertaken with the aim to assess the Quality of Life (QOL) among smokers, non -smokers and ex-smokers which will help clinicians to point out the influence of smoking on quality of life to assist in their everyday work with the patients and to the researchers in more comprehensive evaluation of the respondents' life quality.

Materials and Methods:
The study was carried out among 234 current smokers, 233 non-smokers and 253 ex-smokers aged above 20 years using WHO- Quality of life- BREF(WHOQOL-BREF). Sociodemographic variables that were recorded includes age, Gender, educational status, marital status. Smoking history was obtained using a closed ended questionnaire. The collected data was entered in Windows Excel and statistical analysis was carried out using SPSS version 11 software. Descriptive statistics, One-way ANOVA test and Tukey's HSD Post hoc test was done. Level of significance was set as 0.05.

Results:
103(45.4%)smokers are 'satisfied' with their health, while majority of the ex-smokers,99(39.2%) are 'neither satisfied nor dissatisfied' with their health. Non-smokers reports higher mean values in all domains when compared to smokers and ex-smokers. The smokers showed higher rating in physical(53.39%) and environmental(52.7%) domains when compared to ex-smokers(50.56% and 59.21% respectively) while lower ratings were found in psychological and social domains among smokers than ex-smokers. Statistical test showed a significant difference among all groups based on domains except smokers and ex-smokers in psychological and social relationship.

Conclusion:
Quality of life among smokers are relatively lower than the non-smokers in the Physical health, Psychological, Social relationships and Environment attributes. Also, the ex-smokers are found to have similar quality of life as smokers when it comes to psychological and social relationship.
The effects of conservative and surgical approaches in tubal ectopic pregnancy on fertility
Authors: Dur Riza , Nalcakan Aysel , Aytekin Okan , Cirik Derya Akdag , Yaniktepe Basak , Gelisen Orhan 
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND:
Medical treatment, expectant approaches, and surgical treatment options are available in the treatment of ectopic pregnancy. Regardless of the treatment, in addition to its effectiveness, the main concern is to limit the risk of relapse and preserve fertility.

OBJECTIVES:
Determine the impact of medical or surgical treatment for ectopic pregnancy on future fertility.

DESIGN:
Retrospective

SETTING:
Department of obstrtrics and gynecolgy at Ankara Etlik Zübeyde Hanım Women's Health Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey

PATIENTS AND METHODS:
Patients who were treated for ectopic pregnancy between June 2016 and November 2019 were allocated into two groups. Expectant approach or medical treatment by methotrexate constituted the conservative treatment group while salpingectomy by laparoscopy indicated the surgical treatment group.

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:
Fertility rates within two years following treatment were evaluated according to treatment options.

SAMPLE SIZE:
202 patients

RESULTS:

Of the 202 patients, 128 had medical treatment and 74 patients had surgical treatment for ectopic pregnancy. Of 272 diagnosed with ectopic pregnancy, 70 were excluded for various reasons. Parity and unemployment rate was significantly higher in the surgical treatment (
P
=.006 and
P
=.12, respectively). Moreover, ectopic mass size and serum β-hCG levels were significantly higher in the surgical treatment group (
P
<.001 and
P
<.001, respectively). There were no significant differences between the conservative and surgical treatment groups in time to pregnancy (17.0 months vs 19.0 months,
P
=.255). Similarly, there was no significant difference between the conservative and surgical treatment groups with respect to history of infertility (
P
=.12). There were no significant differences between the conservative and surgical treatment groups in terms of live birth (51.6% vs 44.6%) and ectopic pregnancy (2.3% vs 1.4%) (
P
=.72 for both). There was no significant difference between the conservative and surgical treatment groups with respect to infertility rate (35.9% vs 41.9%,
P
=.72) and admittance to the IVF program (3.9% vs 6.8%,
P
=.39) following ectopic pregnancy treatment.

CONCLUSIONS:
Reproductive outcomes did not differ significantly in women undergoing expectant management, medical treatment, and surgery for ectopic pregnancy. This finding suggests that clinicians should not hesitate to act in favor of surgical treatment for ectopic pregnancy even if there were concerns for future fertility.

LIMITATIONS:
Retrospective study.
Locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma in adolescents treated with tomotherapy: Experience at King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre
Authors: Aldakheel Abdulrahman , Aldehaim Mohammed , Alwhaid Mohammed Saleh , Alhabib Renda , Anwar Muhammad Suhail , Alzayed Balqees , Shehzad Khurram , Ghebeh Hazem , Al-Rajhi Nasser 
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND:
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a rare disease worldwide; To the best of our knowledge, there is no established standard of care specifically tailored for the adolescent population. The majority of existing research relies on retrospective data analysis.

OBJECTIVE:
Evaluate clinical features, treatment results, prognostic factors and late toxicities of locally advanced NPC patients treated with tomotherapy.

DESIGN:
Retrospective

SETTINGS:
Tertiary care hospital

PATIENTS AND METHODS:
Between January 2007 and January 2020, we treated patients with NPC, aged between 14 and 21 years, with concomitant chemoradiotherapy using tomotherapy at our institution. We prospectively collected details of clinical characteristics, treatment modalities, outcomes and prognostic factors of these patients and then analysed them retrospectively.

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:
3-5 years overall survival (OS), 3-5 years locoregional control rate, 3-5 years disease-free survival (DFS), prognostic factors.

SAMPLE SIZE:
51 patients

RESULTS:
There were 26 male and 25 female patients included in our study. The mean age was 16.5 years, 5 (9.8%) patients with stage III, and 46 (90.2%) with stage IVa according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer, 8th edition staging system. Most patients (98%) received two or more cycles of induction chemotherapy. All patients received concomitant chemoradiotherapy. The median total dose of radiotherapy delivered was 6600 cGy (range 4800-7000). With a median follow-up of 73 months (range 9-168 months), a 5-year locoregional control rate, 5-year OS and 5-year DFS rates were 100%, 86.8% and 71.7%, respectively. Five years later, disease control was 71.7%. Ten (19.6%) patients had disease recurrence in the form of distant metastases during the follow up.

CONCLUSIONS:
Helical tomotherapy has an excellent late toxicity profile without compromising clinical outcome for patients with NPC. Radiotherapy remains the mainstay of treatment of nasopharyngeal carcinoma to achieve remarkable local control rates.

LIMITATIONS:
Single institution experience, small number of patients, and retrospective design.
Multifrequency radar observations of marine clouds during the EPCAPE campaign
Authors: Socuellamos Juan M. , Rodriguez Monje Raquel , Lebsock Matthew D. , Cooper Ken B. , Beauchamp Robert M. , Umeyama Arturo 
Published: June 2024

Abstract. The Eastern Pacific Cloud Aerosol Precipitation Experiment (EPCAPE) was a year-round campaign conducted by the US Department of Energy at the Scripps Institution of Oceanography in La Jolla, CA, USA, with a focus on characterizing atmospheric processes at a coastal location. The ground-based prototype of a new Ka-, W-, and G-band (35.75, 94.88, and 238.8 GHz) profiling atmospheric radar, named CloudCube, which was developed at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, took part in the experiment during 6 weeks in March and April 2023. This article describes the unique data sets that were obtained during the field campaign from a variety of marine clouds and light precipitation. These are, to the best of the authors' knowledge, the first observations of atmospheric clouds using simultaneous multifrequency measurements including 238.8 GHz. These data sets therefore provide an exceptional opportunity to study and analyze hydrometeors with diameters in the millimeter- and submillimeter size range that can be used to better understand cloud and precipitation structure, formation, and evolution. The data sets referenced in this article are intended to provide a complete, extensive, and high-quality collection of G-band data in the form of Doppler spectra and Doppler moments. In addition, Ka-band and W-band reflectivity and Ka-, W-, and G-band reflectivity ratio profiles are included for several cases of interest on 6 different days. The data sets can be found at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10076227 (Socuellamos et al., 2024).
„Der Park als Problemraum“. Regieren städtischer Drogenkulturen am Beispiel des Görlitzer Parks
Authors: Westerheide Frederieke , Michel Boris 
Published: June 2024

Abstract. The governing of urban drug use and its economies represents a central aspect of urban governmentality and has played an important role in the production and control of public space in numerous cities of the Global North since the 1970s. Urban drug cultures are often the subject of moral panics and urban policing. At the same time, geographical engagement with the spatial dimensions and effects of governing urban drug cultures is surprisingly rare. Using the example of Görlitzer Park in Berlin's Friedrichshain-Kreuzberg district, this paper examines the spatializing discourses and practices of urban drug policies and shows how looking at the governing of illicit drugs provides a productive lens for analysing forms of urban exclusion, marginalization, and normalization. From a geographical perspective, it is particularly interesting to examine how this form of urban governance mobilizes spatial approaches and representations of space, i.e., how urban drug cultures are spatialized in multiple ways.
Evaluation of hydroclimatic biases in the Community Earth System Model (CESM1) within the Mississippi River basin
Authors: O'Donnell Michelle , Murphy Kelsey , Doss-Gollin James , Dee Sylvia , Munoz Samuel 
Published: June 2024

Abstract. The Mississippi River is a critical waterway in the United States, and hydrologic variability along its course represents a perennial threat to trade, agriculture, industry, the economy, and communities. The Community Earth System Model version 1 (CESM1) complements observational records of river discharge by providing fully coupled output from a state-of-the-art earth system model that includes a river transport model. These simulations of past, historic, and projected river discharge have been widely used to assess the dynamics and causes of changes in the hydrology of the Mississippi River basin. Here, we compare observations and reanalysis datasets of key hydrologic variables to CESM1 output within the Mississippi River basin to evaluate model performance and bias. We show that the seasonality of simulated river discharge in CESM1 is shifted 2–3 months late relative to observations. This offset is attributed to seasonal biases in precipitation and runoff in the region. We also evaluate performance of several CMIP6 models over the Mississippi River basin, and show that runoff in other models — notably CESM2 — more closely simulates the seasonal trends in the reanalysis data. Our results have implications for model selection when assessing hydroclimate variability on the Mississippi River basin, and show that the seasonal timing of runoff can vary widely between models. Our findings imply that continued improvements in the representation of land surface hydrology in earth system models may improve our ability to assess the causes and consequences of environmental change on terrestrial water resources and major river systems globally.
Circumarctic land cover diversity considering wetness gradients
Authors: Bartsch Annett , Efimova Aleksandra , Widhalm Barbara , Muri Xaver , von Baeckmann Clemens , Bergstedt Helena , Ermokhina Ksenia , Hugelius Gustaf , Heim Birgit , Leibman Marina 
Published: June 2024

Abstract. Land cover heterogeneity information considering soil wetness across the entire Arctic tundra is of interest for a wide range of applications targeting climate change impacts and ecological research questions. Patterns are potentially linked to permafrost degradation and affect carbon fluxes. First, a land cover unit retrieval scheme which provides unprecedented detail by fusion of satellite data using Sentinel-1 (synthetic aperture radar) and Sentinel-2 (multispectral) was adapted. Patterns of lakes, wetlands, general soil moisture conditions and vegetation physiognomy are interpreted at 10 m nominal resolution. Units with similar patterns were identified with a k-means approach and documented through statistics derived from comprehensive in situ records for soils and vegetation (more than 3500 samples). The result goes beyond the capability of existing land cover maps which have deficiencies in spatial resolution, thematic content and accuracy, although landscape heterogeneity related to moisture gradients cannot be fully resolved at 10 m. Wetness gradients were assessed, and measures for landscape heterogeneity were derived north of the treeline. About 40 % of the area north of the treeline falls into three units of dry types with limited shrub growth. Wetter regions have higher land cover diversity than drier regions. An area of 66 % of the analysed Arctic landscape is highly heterogeneous with respect to wetness at a 1 km scale (representative scale of frequently used regional land cover and permafrost modelling products). Wetland areas cover 9 % and moist tundra types 32 %, which is of relevance for methane flux upscaling.
A Cognitive Poetics of Wonder: The Synthesis of Aristotelian Rhetoric, Grammar, and Psychology in Fernando de Herrera’s Anotaciones
Authors: Iglesias-Crespo Carlos 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This article argues that Fernando de Herrera, Renaissance Spain’s foremost poetic theorist, blended classical poetics and rhetoric with facultative psychology to craft a revolutionary framework of poetic thought in his most important work, the Anotaciones (1580). Drawing on James J. Murphy’s concept of metarhetoric, the analysis foregrounds how in the Anotaciones Herrera intertwined semantics, cognitive processes involving perception, imagination, and memory, and key rhetorical and stylistic doctrines to theorize the pursuit of wonder as poetry’s normative goal. This complex framework was made possible thanks to the often-neglected influence of Aristotelian philosophy on Herrera. Thus building on Aristotle, Herrera originally contributed to the construction of the epistemological paradigm of the Spanish Renaissance by developing one of the period’s most versatile explanations of how poetry and language engage the mind.
Contested Information Environment Framework for Assessing Networked Authoritarian Regimes
Authors: Forner Denton 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Information communication technology (ICT) policy developed to counteract efforts from networked authoritarian regimes to control the information environment must be informed by the information control techniques and strategies that those regimes have at their disposal. This article informs policymakers through the development of a Contested Information Environment Framework that outlines both individual information control techniques and overarching strategies employed by authoritarian regimes. The framework in this article was methodically built through an analysis of the discourse surrounding the efforts of authoritarian state actors to manipulate international and regional social groups by controlling or influencing aspects of information exchanges.
The Transhumanist Sphere of Ease: What is the Ultimate Purpose of Transhumanism?
Authors: Garbowski Marcin 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The aim of this article is to clarify what transhumanism is by asking whether it can be treated as another utopia, ideology, or classically understood concept of the good life. The answer to this question turns out to be currently negative due to the inability to define ultimate values. There is no answer to the question of what the meaning of this improved life is or can be. Improvement turns out to be of a quantitative nature, creating a certain sphere of freedom: one being able to do certain acts without bearing the consequences of the current world. Transhumanist happiness is not a state, but a constant striving for the implementation of these possibilities without answering the question of why one should do so. Axiological replenishment can be provided by an external source of absolute values. Albeit not yet sufficiently developed, Christian transhumanism may be an example of such complementation.
The Posthuman as a Hopeful Monster: “Geneticizing” the Fly-Human Hybrid in David Cronenberg’s The Fly
Authors: Noronha de Almeida Hugo Ricardo 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Even though posthuman themes abound in fiction, they often rely on representational practices tied to humanist worldviews, perpetuating assumptions about the meaning of being human and humankind’s relationship with its environment. This article discusses the artist’s book Not-Human, Not-Fly (NHNF), which reconsiders David Cronenberg’s The Fly from a critical posthumanist perspective. Tied to horror conventions, the film reduces the posthuman to a condition threatening human life and well-being. NHNF employs tools from molecular genetics, designing a fictional database of the creature’s genes based on human and housefly genetic information. The hybrid genetic material rewrites the film’s narrative, revealing the “postfly” condition of the “posthuman” character and bringing its posthuman content to the fore by disentangling it from humanist representational conventions. This transdisciplinary approach challenges the film’s hierarchies of being, its portrayal of the housefly as a contaminant of the human genome’s purity, and unsettles assumptions concerning the ontological separation of humans, nonhumans, and posthumans. Thus, this work delineates one possible formal approach to representation of the posthuman via reframing through genetics. Moreover, it identifies connections between contemporary genetics and posthumanist thinking that validate posthumanism’s decentralization from the human, providing a nonanthropocentric interpretation of human and nonhuman subjects and subjectivities.
Hope Springs Eternal: Political Engagement in a Post-Anarchist Utopia
Authors: Janssen Jorn 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT
Post-anarchism poses a profound challenge to the fundamental tenets of traditional anarchism, particularly its veneration of science and reason, its overarching narrative of human emancipation, and its reliance on a sanguine conception of innate human goodness. However, this challenge inadvertently erodes the utopian aspirations inherent in traditional anarchism, leaving a conspicuous absence of a tangible alternative. Yet, a sense of utopia remains integral to the impetus for political engagement. This article seeks to address the implicit quandary of political engagement within post-anarchism by examining the works of Max Stirner through the lens of existentialism. By juxtaposing Stirner’s notions of involuntary egoism, ownness, the un-man, and insurrection with the philosophical perspectives of Sartre, Camus, and De Beauvoir, we discover that, despite its anti-political inclination, post-anarchism finds solace in the tragic and ceaseless nomadic pursuit of societal amelioration.
The Curious Tales of The Scarlet Empire
Authors: Duvall J. Michael 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT
The Scarlet Empire (1906) by David Maclean Parry, a former president of the National Association of Manufacturers (NAM), offers an anti-utopian romance set in an authoritarian socialist Atlantis. Supplementing the efforts of NAM to limit the power of unions and diminish the appeal of socialism through political and editorial suasion, the novel promised a new and powerful way of proselytizing middle-class readers by competing with prominent literary utopians and socialists, especially Edward Bellamy and Upton Sinclair. The novel’s protagonist is converted to individualism and capitalism and comes to see socialism as emasculating. Empire bundles capitalism and masculinity together through a redemptive adventure romance narrative that serves capitalist ideological purposes and has the protagonist combining tremendous wealth, a powerful faith in individualism, and a recovered masculine subjectivity to become a captain of industry and paragon of a hegemonic masculinity at the turn of the twentieth century.
Disciplinary Utopias: The Mediterranean as a Context and Artistic Mediations
Authors: Arslan C. Ceyhun 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT
This article shifts the emphasis away from debates on how to study the history of the Mediterranean. Instead, it examines the utopian perspectives that Mediterranean as a context and as a framework generates for artists and scholars. Arslan argues that the Mediterranean’s longue-durée history does not have to be thought of as a prison or a burden; rather, this history can provide new future visions. The article claims that artists can draw upon the Mediterranean’s history to simultaneously resist against Western imperialism and criticize discriminatory practices in their communities. Furthermore, recent works in Mediterranean studies can generate what the author calls a “disciplinary utopia,” wherein critics can engage with theoretical issues without foregoing attention to the languages and historical contexts of the traditions they study. The Mediterranean is not solely a sea in which narratives are produced; it is also a context in which they can be reassessed.
Looking for Utopia in the Mediterranean: Contemporary Türkiye and Underground Station by Çağrı Aktaş
Authors: Atasoy Emrah 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT
Recent research in global literature, with a focus on non-Anglophone and non-European literatures and cultures, has sparked a growing interest in utopian and dystopian narratives. These narratives present alternative world scenarios that unfold in both the present and the future. Amidst the escalating impact of the climate crisis in the Anthropocene, the complex issue of migration, and the aftermath of the COVID-19 pandemic, speculative fiction in the Mediterranean region captures the fears, aspirations, and dreams of individuals concerning both the present and the future. Over the last three decades, authors in contemporary Türkiye have increasingly produced utopian and dystopian works. These speculative works exhibit a heightened focus on ecological breakdown, political polarization, gender roles, and the exercise of power. Çağrı Aktaş’s Toprak Palas (Underground Station, 2018), a representative work of speculative fiction in contemporary Turkish literature, carries both utopian and dystopian undertones as it investigates the pressing challenges of Rahim, Aktaş’s finely textured underground city. Through its open-ended structure, the narrative galvanizes readers into action, urging an expedited process of transformation toward a different future.