bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Economic accounting system should include natural resources and environment, Panel recommends
Authors: Showstack Randy 
Published: October 2011

Five years after the U.S. Congress ordered the Department of Commerce (DOC) to stop developing a method of accounting that tracks natural resources and environmental conditions as a part of the total national economic picture, a panel established by Congress and sponsored by DOC has unanimously concluded that the department was on the right track.The National Research Council Panel on Integrated Environmental and Economic Accounting said in a report released on July 15 that the department should be encouraged to continue developing comprehensive sets of statistics about nonmarket activities for use in national accounting efforts, and that “the development of environmental and natural‐resource accounts is an essential investment for the nation.”
Outstanding student paper award
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2011

The Geodesy Section presented an outstanding student paper award to Sean C. Swenson at the 1999 AGU Spring Meeting in Boston, Massachusetts, last June.Sean presented a poster titled “Estimated Effects of the Vertical Distribution of Atmospheric Mass on the Time‐variable Geoid.” Sean graduated from Cornell University with a B.Ain physics in 1996. He is presently working toward a Ph.D. under the direction of Professor John Wahr of the University of Colorado at Boulder. His current research work is on the Gravity Recovery And Climate Experiment (GRACE), a dedicated gravity satellite mission. Sean's interests include phase boundary effects on post glacial rebound, global ocean heat‐transport variability and satellite gravity.
U.S. federal government tries to get ahead of the curve with drought planning
Authors: Showstack Randy 
Published: October 2011

Richard Tinker, a meteorologist with the National Weather Service (NWS), has seen severe droughts in other parts of the country during previous years. But current conditions in the United States are stunting row crops, lowering the levels of reservoirs and rivers, and parching especially hard the Mid‐Atlantic states in addition to parts of California and other regions. The Mid‐Atlantic is a region perhaps not as sensitized to the creepingly slow troubles droughts can wreak, as are the water‐lorn West and the once‐Dust Bowled Great Plains.The drought—which the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) said on August 6 already has caused the driest seasons in four Mid‐Atlantic states since record‐keeping began 105 years ago—is also taking its toll on Tinker's backyard in the metropolitan Washington, D.C. area.
Climate change science is now big science
Authors: Stanhill Gerald 
Published: October 2011

Climate change is now a big issue, “perhaps the most pressing and urgent environmental issue on the world's agenda,” according to the United Kingdom's National Environment Research Council (NERC) [1998], and so not surprisingly climate change science (CCS) is now Big Science involving Big Money How this situation came about, how big is Big, and whether Big is too big are three of the questions concerning the future of CCS addressed in the following discussion.The growth of the scientific literature on climate change shown in Figure 1 indicates that the transition of CCS from a Little to a Big science began in 1950. Up until that time CCS was conducted by a few self‐motivated individuals using simple observational techniques to study past changes occurring over geological eras. Since then CCS has grown into a major and highly organized activity carried out by large national and international groups using state‐of‐the‐art and very expensive remote sensing and computing facilities. It is now almost exclusively concerned with current and near‐future changes.
Education resources on the Web
Authors: Showstack Randy 
Published: October 2011

As students and teachers in the United States begin a new school year, they will find an increasing amount of educational resources available on the Internet.The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's (NOAA) Education Resources Web site offers activities for students in elementary school and higher levels. NOAA organizes the site into themes, including oceans and coasts, climate change, weather, and satellites and space.
Development efforts must tackle environmental challenges, World Bank says
Authors: Showstack Randy 
Published: October 2011

The World Bank, in several major documents released in mid‐September, says environmental issues such as global climate change are priority concerns, and links them to poverty and development.While the Bank says its development efforts in the past 10 years have contributed to significant progress in protecting the environment and alleviating poverty, it admits that much more needs to be done to address these issues.
A constellation of microsatellites promises to help in a range of geoscience research
Authors: Kuo Y.H. , Chao B. F. , Lee L. C. 
Published: October 2011

An octet of microsatellites to be launched in 2003 promises to deliver a large amount of useful data for meteorological, climatic, ionospheric, and geodetic research as well as for operational weather forecasting and space weather monitoring. Known as the Constellation Observing System for Meteorology, Ionosphere, and Climate (COSMIC), the joint Taiwan‐U.S. scientific satellite project makes use of Global Positioning System (GPS) occultation and tracking signals.COSMIC's final operational configuration is depicted in Figure l.Each of the eight microsatellites in low‐Earth‐orbit (LEO, shown relative to the high‐altitude GPS satellite orbits) will carry in particular an advanced limbsounding GPS receiver, a Tiny Ionospheric Photometer, and a triband beacon transmitter.
Tectonic evolution in the Rocky Mountain region: 4‐D imaging of the continental lithosphere
Authors: Keller G. Randy , Karlstrom Karl E. , Farmer G. Lang 
Published: October 2011

An interdisciplinary study under way this summer and fall in the southern Rocky Mountains hopes to show that the lithospheric structure produced there during the formation of the southwestern United States profoundly influenced both physical and chemical modification of the continental lithosphere during all subsequent tectonism. Known as the Continental Dynamics‐Rocky Mountain (CD‐ROM) project, the study is focusing on understanding the assembly, growth, stabilization, reactivation, and present structure of the Rocky Mountain lithosphere.The Rocky Mountain region of the western United States has experienced a complex geologic history that can only be unraveled by the integration of a broad range of geoscience data. This region is of great fundamental interest to studies of the dynamics and evolution of the North American continent. It is also an area where a better understanding of the scarce water resources, natural resources, and earthquake hazards depends on knowledge of the geologic structures present.
New map revises extent of last ice sheet over Barents and Kara seas
Authors: Thiede Jörn , Mangerud Jan 
Published: October 2011

The last ice sheet over the Barents and Kara Seas, about 18,000 years ago, was much smaller than previously thought, according to a new map (Figure 1) constructed through the interdisciplinary program Quaternary Environments of the Eurasian North (QUEEN), sponsored by the European Science Foundation. The map also has implications for paleoglaciological as well as paleoclimatic modeling and indeed for our understanding of the paleoenvironments of the Arctic Ocean and Eurasian continent far beyond the limits of the ice sheet.Even though many details remain to be worked out, we now confidently conclude that the last glacial maximum of the Eurasian ice sheet was restricted to the Barents Sea and Novaya Zemlya, possibly with an outlet reaching the very coast of the Taymyr Peninsula (Figure 1).This reconstruction is in strong contrast to Grosswald's [1998] map of a contiguous ice sheet across entire northern Eurasia, from Svalbard to the Bering Sea, and also Peltier's [1994] thick ice over northern Russia.
Looking at the vintage of 1949
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2011

Fifty years ago, as 1949 began, AGU dues had been raised from $5 to $7 per year. James Bernard Macelwane had just received the William Bowie Medal. Walter H. Bucher was about to become president, and H. U‐.Sverdrup was vice‐president.The Union's 4,500 members could choose among eight sections: Geodesy, Seismology, Meteorology, Terrestrial Magnetism and Electricity, Oceanography, Volcanology Hydrology, and Tectonophysics. Of the approximately 200 new members that joined AGU in 1949, 34 are celebrating 50 years of membership this year.The individuals listed below join the distinguished ranks of the other 50‐year members. Their continuing commitment to AGU is deeply appreciated. Stephen E. Blewett, William E. Bonini, William M. Cameron, Robert A. Clark, John C. Cook, Joseph S. Cragwall, Jr., Richard C. Culler, Martin M. Fogel, Joseph B. Franzini, Thomas A. Gleeson, O. Milton Hackett, Arthur FHasbrook, James W. Hood, Shragga Irmay William W. Kellogg, Elizabeth R. King, Howard Klein, Finley B. Laverty Heinz H. Lettau, Kurt E. Lowe, Arthur R. Miller, Joseph W Mixsell, Carlo Morelli, Jack E. Oliver, B. H. Olsson, George L. Pickard, John L. Rosenfeld, Thorndike Saville, Jr., John W. Siegmund, James E. Slosson, John Summersett, Harold A. Thomas, Jr., Charles M. Weiss, and Glenn C. Werth.
Extend your commitment to AGU
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2011

Voluntary contributions are essential for AGU to maintain and enhance its many innovative programs. In addition to unrestricted contributions to AGU, contributions may be designated to one or more of the special funds. One such fund is the Mineral and Rock Physics Fund.The Mineral and Rock Physics Fund was established to support an annual award recognizing either one or two outstanding young scientists in Mineral and Rock Physics, broadly defined. Nominations are solicited each year for current graduate students, or recent graduates within one year of their Ph.D. degree, and are reviewed by a subcommittee of the AGU Committee on Mineral and Rock Physics. In 1998, the awardees were Tye Gribb (University of Wisconsin‐Madison) and Abby Kavner (University of California‐Berkeley). They join Donald Isaak (1990), Thomas Duffy (1991), Michael Kruger (1992), Kathleen Kingma (1993), Andy Hsi‐Tien Shen and Andrei Zerr (1994), Nick Beeler and Nobumasa Funamori (1995), Baosheng Li (1996), Ljuba Kerschhofer, and Wenlu Zhu (1997) on the roster of promising colleagues helping to define the future of mineral and rock physics.
Interdisciplinary course focuses on global changes, European north
Authors: Lange Manfred A. 
Published: October 2011

Global environmental changes, the European Arctic, regional climate modeling, integrated assessments, socioeconomic consequences of climate change, integrated regional impact studies—do they have anything in common and can they be dealt with collectively? These and related questions were tackled by 25 doctoral students and 25 lecturers at an advanced study course last summer in northern Sweden.The course addressed two basic issues—regional climate modeling in the European Arctic and integrated regional impact studies in the European north. Called Integrated Regional Impact Studies in the European North: Basic Issues, Methodologies and Regional Climate Modeling (IRISEN), it was held at the Scientific Research Station of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences in Abisko, July 4–16.
Distinguishing volcanic ash from Congressional pork
Authors: Showstack Randy 
Published: October 2011

When NBC‐TV's “West Wing,” a weekly drama about the White House, mentioned in early November that a $2 million Senate appropriations bill earmark to monitor airborne ash from erupting volcanoes on Alaska's Aleutian Islands is an example of Congressional “pork barrel spending,” John Eichelberger dismissed the remark as a throwaway line for a quick laugh.But when the New York Times picked up on the line in a November 19 article about special interest pork, Eichelberger, a professor of volcanology at the University of Alaska at Fairbanks, and coordinating scientist with the Alaska Volcano Observatory (AVO), was “pretty mad.”
Aftermath of Venezuelan flood disaster
Authors: Showstack Randy 
Published: October 2011

One month after several rounds of devastating floods and mudslides waterlogged parts of Venezuela in December and January, the country and government are trying to come to grips with the damage and begin reconstruction efforts. They are also trying to limit potential health risks that can arise following natural disasters. Epidemics, however, rarely occur following a disaster, according to Jean‐Luc Poncelet, a doctor with the Pan American Health Organization.Between 25,000 and 50,000 people in Venezuela were killed, and about 150,000 displaced, according to local and international aid authorities. In addition,Venezuelan national authorities have declared part of the Port of La Guaira as a dangerous chemical zone because of ruptured containers of dangerous chemicals, hundreds of kilometers of the Caribbean coast have been closed to fishing and swimming because of contaminated runoff from the floods, roads remain blocked, and the lack of potable water is a key concern.
Finding faults with the data
Authors: Showstack Randy 
Published: October 2011

Rudolph Giuliani and Hillary Rodham Clinton are crisscrossing upstate New York looking for votes in the U.S. Senate race. Also cutting back and forth across upstate New York are hundreds of faults of a kind characterized by very sporadic seismic activity according to Robert Jacobi, professor of geology at the University of Buffalo (UB), who conducted research with fellow UB geology professor John Fountain.“We have proof that upstate New York is crisscrossed by faults,” Jacobi said. “In the past, the Appalachian Plateau—which stretches from Albany to Buffalo—was considered a pretty boring place structurally without many faults or folds of any significance.”
Space‐age dentistry
Authors: Showstack Randy 
Published: October 2011

Work on developing high‐power lasers to remotely sense the atmosphere has led to a technological spinoff that could cut down on the need for dentists' drills and scalpels. Researchers at NASA's Langley Research Center have demonstrated a multiple‐wavelength laser technology that dentists, with a flip of a switch, can use for working on either hard or soft tissue. If approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, the system could replace separate laser systems for hard and soft tissue work, and be easy to use, according to researchers.“The system is simple because we have already done all the complex physics in the lab,” said Keith Murray, a laser researcher at Langley and co‐inventor of the dental laser technology
Union member receives Nation's Premier Award for Young Scientists
Authors: Grant Shermonta L. 
Published: October 2011

Dana Longcope, an AGU member and an assistant professor of physics at Montana State University‐Bozeman, is one of 59 U.S. scientists to receive this years Presidential Early Career Award for Scientists and Engineers.The award is the highest honor given by the U.S. government to exceptional scientists and engineers who are launching their careers.
Continental drift, organic evolution, and moral courage
Authors: Irving Edward 
Published: October 2011

For the past 40 years or so there has been much discussion of the reasons why, even though there was substantial evidence for it, the continental drift hypothesis of Alfred Wegener and Wladimir Koppen was rejected in the first half of the 20th century. It was often derisively dismissed out of hand.On April 7, 1998, there was a note in Eos by David Stern that included a perceptive and amusing quotation from Teddy Bullard on the question, which has recently reached something of a culmination in an important new book, The Rejection of Continental Drift, by Naomi Oreskes and published by Oxford in 1999.
Air/sea gas exchange in tropical waters
Authors: Corredor Jorge E. 
Published: October 2011

The ocean constitutes a vast reservoir of carbon dioxide and nitrous oxide, atmospherically active gases believed to be responsible for the current greenhouse warming. In addition, nitrous oxide is an ozone‐active gas capable of affecting the stratospheric ozone layer. While we have gained significant insight regarding the role of temperate oceans in gas exchange, our knowledge of the role of the tropical oceans as sources or sinks of these gases is sketchyTo address these issues, the University of Puerto Rico Tropical Atmospheric Science Centers Air/Sea Interaction Group (TASCASIG) recently hosted a workshop on air/sea gas exchange in tropical marine waters with the participation of local researchers and leading scientists from Bermuda, Florida, California, Hawaii, and Maryland.
Comment on “Operational oceanography: Shall we dance?”
Authors: Wilson Stan , Cole Muriel 
Published: October 2011

In a Forum article,“Operational Oceanography: Shall We Dance” (Eos Trans., AGU, March 14, 2000) C. Mooers states that “the worldwide oceanographic community is on the brink of operational oceanography” I beg to differ; this community is already immersed in operational oceanography.Mooers also states that the “National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) has fewer than 100 individuals working in operational oceanography, and they are concentrated at the National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) of the National Weather Service (NWS).“This is incorrect; NOAA currently has at least 1,317 “full‐time equivalents” (FTEs) working in operational oceanography,some of whom directly trace back to President Jefferson's establishment of the Coast Survey in 1807. And there are hundreds, if not thousands, more in other U.S. agencies at the federal,state, and local levels.
Clinton releases oceans report
Authors: Showstack Randy 
Published: October 2011

U.S. President Bill Clinton is trying to beat the clock on the January 20 close of his administration by maintaining a flurry of activity on resource and conservation issues.During a December 4 speech in Washington, D.C., he released a broad‐ranging report by the Presidents Panel on Ocean Exploration, entitled “Discovering Earth's Final Frontier: A U.S. Strategy for Ocean Exploration.”
New protection initiatives announced for coral reefs
Authors: Showstack Randy 
Published: October 2011

Off the coasts of some of the South Pacific's most idyllic‐sounding atolls, Austin Bowden‐Kerby has seen first‐hand the heavy damage to coral reefs from dynamite and cyanide fishing. For instance, while snorkeling near Chuuk, an island in Micronesia, he has observed craters and rubble beds of coral, which locals have told him date to World War II ordnance.A marine biologist and project scientist for the Coral Gardens Initiative of the Foundation for the Peoples of the South Pacific, Bowden‐Kerby has also identified what he says are some public health effects related to destroyed coral reefs and their dying fisheries. These problems include protein and vitamin A deficiency and blindness, all of which may—in some instances—be linked to poor nutrition resulting from lower reef fish consumption by islanders, according to Bowden‐Kerby.
Reply [to Leonard Finegold's “Comment on “Assessing flood hazard on dynamic rivers” by Nicholas Pinter, Russell Thomas and Joseph H. Wlosinski”]
Authors: Pinter Nicholas 
Published: October 2011

I am the source of the Table 1 mentioned in L. Finegold's letter, and the editors of Eos have asked me to respond.I don't know about tons of European lead emissions, which was mentioned in the other offending paper, but when it comes to Mississippi and Missouri River discharges, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) reports measurements to the nearest integer value in cfs (ft3/s). Converting into metric (cmss; m3/s), the values keep the same number of significant figures. Table 1 in Pinter et al. [2002] reported means and standard deviations of USGS annual maximum discharges. The means retain the same number of significant figures as the least precise value in each discharge set (nearest whole unit in cms), and the standard deviations are reported to the same decimal place as the means (again, nearest whole cms).
Some Mars rocks likely formed in water
Authors: Showstack Randy 
Published: October 2011

NASA's Opportunity Rover has found that some rocks on Mars probably formed as deposits in a shallow salt flat, or playa, rover science team members announced on 23 March.When scientists announced on 2 March that they had found strong evidence that a rock outcrop in Mars' Meridiana Planum region once was a wet and habitable environment, they had still been uncertain about whether the rocks had been laid down in liquid water. (See Eos, 16 March 2004.)
Report on science appointments
Authors: Showstack Andy 
Published: October 2011

U.S. policy‐makers should ensure more transparency and speed in the presidential appointment process for senior science and technology posts and for nominees to federal science and technology advisory committees, according to a 17 November report issued by the U.S. National Academies Committee on Science, Engineering and Public Policy.Former U.S. Representative John Porter, chair of the committee that wrote the report, said, “In searching for scientists and engineers to serve on federal advisory committees, charges have surfaced recently that the process of making the appointments has been politicized. We believe it is important at this critical time that science and technology advice to the federal government be—and be seen as—impartial and independent.”
Visas Mantis clearance validity extended
Authors: Keelor Brad 
Published: October 2011

U.S. visa applications for people who are studying or working in some sensitive scientific and technical fields are subject to an interagency clearance in Washington, D.C., called Visas Mantis. The U.S. State Department, in consultation with the Department of Homeland Security, announced extensions for the validity of Visas Mantis in the F (international student), J (exchange visitors), H (temporary workers), L (intracompany transferees) and B (tourist and business) categories on 11 February.F visas will be valid for the length of the student's approved academic program, for up to four years. J, H, and L visas will be valid for the duration of the approved activity, with a maximum of two years. If the visa holder's activity changes at any time after issuance, the holder must apply for a new visa.
Greenhouse emission guidelines
Authors: Showstack Randy 
Published: October 2011

The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) has issued its revised guidelines for voluntary reporting of greenhouse gas emissions, carbon sequestration, and emission reduction, the agency announced on 22 March.DOE Secretary Samuel Bodman said the guidelines “represent another significant step in our broad national effort to reduce the greenhouse gas intensity of the U.S. economy, and address the risk of global climate change.” He added that the guidelines provide a transparent accounting system to encourage increased participation in voluntary efforts to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in a cost‐effective manner.
NOAA to develop strategy to protect coral and sponge habitat
Authors: Showstack Randy 
Published: October 2011

The U.S. National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) will develop a strategy to address research, conservation, and management issues regarding deep‐ocean coral and sponge habitat, the agency indicated in an 11 July Federal Register notice. The Service, which is a unit of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, indicated that this strategy “eventually may result in rulemaking for some fisheries” but that “emergency rulemaking is not warranted.”The NMFS announcement is in response to a 24 March 2004 petition to the Commerce Department filed by Oceana, a non‐governmental organization. That petition urged the department through NMFS to “initiate immediate rulemaking” to protect coral and sponge habitats in the U.S. exclusive economic zone through mapping, monitoring, research, and enforcement measures.