bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Decline in the Conception Rate of Wild Japanese Monkeys after the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant Accident
Authors: Hayama Shin-ichi , Nakanishi Setsuko , Tanaka Aki , Kato Takuya , Watanabe Chinatsu , Kikuchi Nobutaka , Danjo Risa , Matsuda Ayano , Mori Wakako , Kawabata Yuki , Akiba Hikari , Konno Fumiharu , Kawamoto Yoshi , Omi Toshinori 
Published: April 2024

AbstractWe examined the conception rate of wild Japanese monkeys (Macaca fuscata) in Fukushima City that were exposed to radiation as a result of the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant accident in March 2011. The conception rate in the year of delivery from 2009 to 2022 was estimated by dissecting individuals that were euthanized by the government for population control as a countermeasure against crop damage. To evaluate the effects of exposure, the cumulative exposure dose for each individual was calculated using the concentration of radiocesium deposited in the soil at the capture site and the concentration of radiocesium in muscle estimated from the aggregated transfer factor. There were no significant differences in conception rates across all age classes over time. In terms of conception rates by age class, there was a significant decrease post-exposure compared with pre-exposure in the age class ≥ 8 years, but no significant differences in the age class 5–7 years. The non-ovulation rate did not significantly differ between the pre- and post-exposure periods for any age class. Body fat index, which can affect fertility, was compared between the pre- and post-exposure periods, and no significant differences were found in either age class. In contrast, the median total cumulative exposure (cumulative internal exposure + cumulative external exposure) was significantly higher in the age class ≥ 8 years compared with the age class 5–7 years. These results suggest that the total cumulative exposure dose may be one of the reasons for the lower conception rate in the post-exposure period among the age class ≥ 8 years.
Nachhaltiges Alter(n) im Kontext des Klimawandels: Stand der Forschung und konzeptioneller Ausblick
Authors: Brandt Martina , Höppner Grit 
Published: April 2024

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Die Alter(n)sforschung nimmt sich zunehmend der Herausforderungen im Zuge des Klimawandels an, behandelt jedoch eher die „Reaktionsbedarfe“ denn „Aktionsmöglichkeiten“ älterer Menschen.

Material und Methoden
Auf Basis eines Scoping Review von 39 Fachbeiträgen werden Konstruktionen von Alter(n) im Kontext des Klimawandels und von Nachhaltigkeit analysiert und es wird auf existierende Verengungen hingewiesen. Aus diesen Überlegungen wird ein Modell entworfen, das erfolgreiches, aktives und nachhaltiges Alter(n) in Einklang bringen lässt.

Ergebnisse
In der Fachliteratur werden ältere Menschen häufig als homogene, vulnerable Gruppe eingeordnet, die dem Klimawandel ausgeliefert ist. Im Kontext von Nachhaltigkeit kommt ihnen entweder die Rolle als zentrale Verursacher:innen des Klimawandels zu, oder sie werden als Teil der Lösung von Umweltkrisen verhandelt. Solche Verengungen werden in diesem Beitrag aufgelöst und es werden existierende Ambivalenzen in Lebenswelt und Forschung im Modell des „nachhaltigen Alter(n)s im Kontext das Klimawandels“ verbunden.

Diskussion
Der Klimawandel kann nur gemeinsam bewältigt werden. Die Alter(n)sforschung kann auf Basis des vorgestellten Modells wichtige Beiträge zum Umgang mit Klimaveränderungen und zu (Re‑)Aktionen im Hinblick auf die Umweltkrise leisten.
The effect of target and background texture on relative depth discrimination in a virtual environment
Authors: Lew Wei Hau , Coates Daniel R. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe spatial frequency (SF) content of an object’s texture is an important cue for depth perception, although less is known about the role of background texture. Here, we used bandpass-filtered noise patterns to systematically study the interactions between target and background textures in a virtual environment. During the trials, three square targets were presented at 3 m against a background wall 6 m away from the observer. One of the squares was presented closer than the other two, and the subjects had to indicate it with a key press. The threshold distance from the two reference tiles was determined using a staircase procedure. Both the target and background were tested with different combinations of SF textures and a non-textured gray, which were rendered onto the flat surfaces. Against a gray background, the distance thresholds were smallest when the targets were presented with a mid-SF texture. Performance declined significantly with a non-textured target against a textured background. With different combinations of target-background texture, the background texture significantly affected the performance. We propose several hypotheses to explain the behavioral result. Understanding the effect of surrounding texture can be useful in improving the depth perception experience in virtual reality.
Reversed cooling and heating performance of modernized courtyard envelope in hot-arid climates: a case study at an educational campus
Authors: Balah Eman Mohamed , Shokry Hassan , Hagishima Aya , Mahmoud Hatem 
Published: April 2024

AbstractCourtyard buildings embraced as a passive design paradigm, find wide application in modulating outdoor climatic conditions and fostering energy efficiency. Consequently, exploring passive strategies to mitigate the repercussions of climate change becomes a compelling priority. However, previous studies have predominantly emphasized the daytime performance of traditional courtyards in hot climates, often overlooking their performance throughout the entire day. This oversight includes the impact of courtyards in releasing stored heat into the air during nighttime, commonly referred to as "the reversed impact of the courtyard." This study evaluates the reversed thermal impact of glazed “modernized” courtyard envelope during nighttime and day-exposed radiation. This analysis considers the complex interaction between incoming and outgoing radiation flows. The study employed a combined approach involving onsite measurements and numerical simulations centered upon an educational building within a hot-arid zone. The scope of the study encompasses diverse courtyard geometries and various mitigation strategies, all characterized by heightened proportions of glazed surface areas. The results, depending on prevailing weather conditions, reveal the potential for these factors to reduce heating time from 17 h to just 2 h at the optimum. In contrast, there is an increase in cooling impact, ranging from 7 to 22 h throughout both day and night, with scenarios representing the least and most favorable cases, respectively. For designing processes, optimizing aspect ratio without exceeding 1.6 and glazed façade orientation is essential to control multi-reflection at the modernized courtyard envelope criteria.
Graphical abstract
Characterization and differentiation of dissolved organic matter in leachate derived from an old Japanese landfill site through Orbitrap mass spectrometry
Authors: Nguyen Ngoc Thi , Kusakabe Taketoshi , Takaoka Masaki 
Published: April 2024

AbstractElucidating the characteristics of dissolved organic matter (DOM) is crucial to assessing its impact on the bioavailability and mobility of pollutants in landfill leachate. This study reports a comprehensive 5–month investigation into the characteristics of DOM in leachate from an old Japanese landfill, collected at six different sampling points. The molecular composition, chemical properties, and structural characteristics of DOM were assessed using Orbitrap mass spectrometry and spectral analysis. The leachate DOM mainly consisted of CHO-containing molecules (58.5–88.9%), low-oxygen unsaturated phenolic compounds (40.5–54.0%), and aliphatic compounds (19.4–47.3%), with slight variation among sampling points. A significant portion of the nominal oxidation state of carbon was in the reduced zone (76.2–95.4%). The results underscore the distinct molecular composition of DOM in mature Japanese landfill leachate compared to young and mature leachates from other countries. Two of six sampling points, with notable differences in molecular characteristics, were compared and elucidated. The composition of landfill waste, rather than landfill age, was the main factor affecting the characteristics and differentiation of leachate DOM.
On the application of process management and process mining to Industry 4.0
Authors: Monti Flavia , Mathew Jerin George , Leotta Francesco , Koschmider Agnes , Mecella Massimo 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe continuous evolution of digital technologies applied to the more traditional world of industrial automation led to Industry 4.0, which envisions production processes subject to continuous monitoring and able to dynamically respond to changes that can affect the production at any stage (resilient factory). The concept of agility, which is a core element of Industry 4.0, is defined as the ability to quickly react to breaks and quickly adapt to changes. Accurate approaches should be implemented aiming at managing, optimizing and improving production processes. In this vision paper, we show how process management (BPM) can benefit from the availability of raw data from the industrial internet of things to obtain agile processes by using a top-down approach based on automated synthesis and a bottom-up approach based on mining.
Patient activation and health literacy in Dutch patients with multiple involved specialties
Authors: Dijkstra Hidde , Weil Liann I. , Vermeeren Y. , Verhoeff M. , van Munster Barbara C. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Aim
To examine the association between having a higher number of involved specialties, patient activation (PA), and health literacy (HL) in patients visiting a general hospital.

Subject and methods
Patients ≥ 18 years of age who had an appointment with the medical specialist or physician assistant were asked to participate in this study. Patients completed the Patient Activation Measure-13 (PAM) questionnaire and the European Health Literacy Survey Questionnaire (HLS-EU-Q). They were stratified into having < 3 or ≥ 3 involved medical specialties in the past 12 months. Two association models were built to examine the association.

Results
This study included 200 patients with 52% males (n = 104), a median age of 65 years, and low levels of education (67%). Patients with ≥ 3 involved medical specialties (58%) had lower total PAM scores (p = 0.03) and had lower HLS-EU-Q index scores (p = 0.23). The multivariable regression analysis showed that having ≥ 3 involved medical specialties was not associated with low PAM scores (OR = 1.59, p = 0.13) when adjusted for low education, low HLS-EU-Q scores, and higher age (> 65 years). In addition, having ≥ 3 involved medical specialties was not associated with low HLS-EU-Q scores (OR = 1.10, p = 0.76) when adjusted for low PAM scores and low education.

Conclusion
Patients with ≥ 3 involved medical specialties visiting the internal medicine department of a general (non-academic) hospital had variable levels of PA and HL. Moreover, having ≥ 3 involved medical specialties was not significantly associated with lower PA and HL. Importantly, the number of involved specialties may not be a proxy for recognizing low PA and HL. Organizations aiming to improve PA and HL could measure these constructs directly.
Family Planning Counseling for Women Living with HIV in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Systematic Review of the Impact on Contraceptive Uptake, Intention to Use Contraception and Pregnancy Incidence, 2011 to 2022
Authors: O’Reilly Kevin R. , Yeh Ping Teresa , Kennedy Caitlin E. , Fonner Virginia A. , Sweat Michael D. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractWomen’s ability to control their fertility and have the number of children they want when they want them is an internationally recognized human right. This right has been the driving force behind family planning programs in low- and middle-income countries for more than five decades. The HIV epidemic added greater urgency to those efforts once the risk of vertical transmission of the virus from mothers to their infants was recognized. In 2013, we published a systematic review of the evidence of effectiveness of family planning counseling for women living with HIV, emphasizing HIV related behaviors. In this updated review, we examined 23 studies, primarily from sub-Saharan Africa. The evidence we uncovered reflected efforts to integrate services provided to women. These showed that providing contraceptive services, including intensified counseling and support, in the HIV clinics where women living with HIV received their care increased the likelihood of subsequent use of modern contraception by as much as fourfold. These studies reflected a greater focus on women’s family planning decisions and behaviors and less focus on HIV-related behaviors. Among the possible causes of this noted difference we include the widespread coverage of antiretroviral treatment for HIV. This advance has apparently changed the rationale and the approach to integrating family planning and HIV services in ways that may not have been fully appreciated. The results, however, are beneficial: greater coverage of family planning for women who wish to control their fertility and a more equal partnership between family planning services and HIV services in pursuit of the mutual goal of providing integrated services to meet women’s needs.
Innovative supply chain network design with two-step authentication and environmentally-friendly blockchain technology
Authors: Babaei Ardavan , Tirkolaee Erfan Babaee , Ali Sadia Samar 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBlockchain Technology (BT) has the potential to revolutionize supply chain management by providing transparency, but it also poses significant environmental and security challenges. BT consumes energy and emits carbon gases, affecting its adoption in Supply Chains (SCs). The substantial energy demand of blockchain networks contributes to carbon emissions and sustainability risks. Moreover, for secure and reliable transactions, mutual authentication needs to be established to address security concerns raised by SC managers. This paper proposes a tri-objective optimization model for the simultaneous design of the SC-BT network, considering a two-step authentication process. The model considers transparency caused by BT members, emissions of BT, and costs related to BT and SC design. It also takes into account uncertainty conditions for participating BT members in the SC and the range of transparency, cost, and emission targets. To solve the model, a Branch and Efficiency (B&E) algorithm equipped with BT-related criteria is developed. The algorithm is implemented in a three-level SC and produces cost-effective and environmentally friendly outcomes. However, the adoption of BT in the SC can be costly and harmful to the environment under uncertain conditions. It is worth mentioning that implementing the proposed algorithm from our article in a three-level SC case study can result in a significant cost reduction of over 16% and an emission reduction of over 13%. The iterative nature of this algorithm plays a vital role in achieving these positive outcomes.
Portfolio decision analysis for pandemic sentiment assessment based on finance and web queries
Authors: Cerqueti Roy , Cesarone Francesco , Ficcadenti Valerio 
Published: April 2024

AbstractCOVID-19 has spread worldwide, affecting people’s health and the socio-economic environment. Such a pandemic is responsible for people’s deteriorated mood, pessimism, and lack of trust in the future. This paper presents a portfolio decision analysis framework for policymakers aiming at recovering the population from psychological distress. Specifically, we explore the relative relevance of a country to the overall “mood of the world” in light of pursuing predefined targets through optimization criteria. Toward this aim, we design a statistical indicator for measuring the mood by considering the financial markets’ outcomes and the people’s online searches about COVID-19. Then, we adapt existing portfolio selection models to evaluate the role of an extensive collection of countries and stock markets based on different criteria. More precisely, such criteria are established assuming “rational” goals of a policymaker, namely to aspire to a general and stable optimism and avoid waves of opposite moods or excess pessimism. Empirical experiments validate the theoretical proposal. The employed dataset contains 39 countries selected on the basis of data reliability and relevance in the context of COVID-19. Data on daily Google Trends searches of the term “coronavirus” (and its translations) and closing prices of relevant domestic stock indexes are considered for 2020 to develop the statistical mood indicator. Results offer different insights based on the selected optimization criteria. The practical implications of the proposed models have been illustrated through arguments based on a National Recovery and Resilience Plan-type normative framework.
Hybrid simulation of a steel frame with Dissipative Replaceable Link Frames
Authors: Giuliani Giulia , Andreotti Roberto , Tondini Nicola 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIn the last decades, high priority has been given to enhancing the seismic resilience of structures by reducing the damage of structural and non-structural elements after a disaster. In this context, the European Research Fund for Coal and Steel (RFCS) project DISSIPABLE was funded to perform large demonstration tests of steel frames equipped with easily repairable seismic dissipative devices. The paper extensively describes the experimental campaign carried out at the University of Trento on a steel frame equipped with innovative Dissipative Replaceable Link Frame (DRLF) systems, composed of two rigid columns connected by weakened beams at their ends. Hybrid Simulation was employed, enabling to physically test the first floor of the building yet allowing for considering the response of the remaining five floors, which were numerically simulated. A bidimensional frame was tested under increasing seismic intensity levels: Damage Limitation, Significant Damage and Near Collapse limit states. The experimental results proved that the DRLF system was able to dissipate energy and protect the primary elements of the structure from plasticisation. Moreover, the structure's re-centring capability was verified to ensure the components' replaceability. Finally, the calibration of the nonlinear model was performed following the tests, which allowed to develop a high-fidelity model suitable for further numerical investigation.
Eros In-between and All-around
Authors: Candiotto Laura 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIn this paper, I focus on the concept of embeddedness as the background against which eros is a force and a power in and through interactions. To go beyond an internalist account of eros, I engage in a dialogue with some philosophical accounts of desire from an enactive perspective.This enables me to shed light on the location of the embodied tension as “in-between” lovers and “all-around” them. Crucial to this tensional account of embedded eros is the intertwining between self and others’ becomings in processes of participatory sense-making. Through participatory sense-making lovers make their worlds, creating new ways of being and knowing in the ensemble. I advance some steps towards an enactive ethics of eros where, I claim, the cultivation of the space in-between and all-around lovers is the key to avoid the traps of a degenerated form of eros.
Persistent Schedule Evaluation and Adaptive Re-planning for Maritime Search Tasks
Authors: Bays Matthew J. , Wettergren Thomas A. , Shin Jaejeong , Chang Shi , Ferrari Silvia 
Published: April 2024

AbstractSearch operations performed by adaptive autonomous maritime vehicles have been a topic of considerable interest for many years. Such operations require carefully scheduled coordination of multiple vehicles performing search tasks across the region of interest. Due to the inherent uncertainty of the maritime environment, however, an initially planned search schedule may not be maintained if the vehicles have significant capability to adapt their tasks to match the environment they detect in real time. We propose a multi-vehicle adaptive algorithm for dynamic evaluation and elastic re-planning of variable-length tasks commonly found in the maritime environments. In adaptive evaluation and re-planning problems, a set of tasks are initially planned for execution by adaptive, autonomous search vehicles. Tasks are allocated to search vehicles under a pre-defined schedule based on prior knowledge and desired outcome. Because of the vehicles’ autonomy and reactivity to in situ conditions such as environment or target pose, the precise duration and actions required by each task are unknown a priori. We develop a hidden Markov model (HMM) for propagating task estimates, coupled with a quadratic-programming-based elastic re-scheduler. The result is an integrated estimate-and-schedule adaptation scheme that quickly and efficiently re-plans the vehicles’ schedules based on in situ observations. The numerical simulation results show that this novel HMM approach decreases avoidable schedule variation by over a factor of two compared to existing methods.
Hydrogen trapping and embrittlement of titanium- and vanadium carbide-containing steels after high-temperature hydrogen charging
Authors: Boot Tim , Suresh Kumar Athira , Eswara Santhana , Kömmelt Pascal , Böttger Amarante , Popovich Vera 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
This work studies the effect of TiC and VC precipitate sizes on hydrogen trapping and embrittlement. Two experimental ferritic HSLA steels containing either TiC or VC carbides for precipitation strengthening are annealed in nitrogen and hydrogen gas. This results in a hydrogen uptake of up to 0.91 and 0.44 wppm in the TiC and VC steels, respectively. TEM and TDS analysis indicate that semi-coherent TiC particles trap hydrogen in misfit dislocations with an activation energy of 43 kJ/mol. Coherent VC particles are suggested to trap hydrogen in interface carbon vacancies, with an energy between 53 and 72 kJ/mol. Carbon vacancies are the likely trapping site in incoherent precipitates, where SIMS imaging confirms that incoherent TiC precipitates trap preferentially near the interface, whereas incoherent VC precipitates trap throughout their bulk. Neither alloy is embrittled in SSRT tests after hydrogen absorption, which shows that these precipitates can be used as both a hydrogen sink and a strengthening mechanism in steels.

Graphical abstract