bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Activation of mGluR7s inhibits cocaine‐induced reinstatement of drug‐seeking behavior by a nucleus accumbens glutamate‐mGluR2/3 mechanism in rats
Authors: Li Xia , Li Jie , Gardner Eliot L. , Xi Zheng‐Xiong 
Published: June 2010

J. Neurochem. (2010) 114, 1368–1380.AbstractThe metabotropic glutamate receptor 7 (mGluR7) has been reported to be involved in cocaine and alcohol self‐administration. However, the role of mGluR7 in relapse to drug seeking is unknown. Using a rat relapse model, we found that systemic administration of AMN082, a selective mGluR7 allosteric agonist, dose‐dependently inhibits cocaine‐induced reinstatement of drug‐seeking behavior. Intracranial microinjections of AMN082 into the nucleus accumbens (NAc) or ventral pallidum, but not the dorsal striatum, also inhibited cocaine‐primed reinstatement, an effect that was blocked by local co‐administration of MMPIP, a selective mGluR7 antagonist. In vivo microdialysis demonstrated that cocaine priming significantly increased extracellular dopamine in the NAc, ventral pallidum and dorsal striatum, while increasing extracellular glutamate in the NAc only. AMN082 alone failed to alter extracellular dopamine, but produced a slow‐onset long‐lasting increase in extracellular glutamate in the NAc only. Pre‐treatment with AMN082 dose‐dependently blocked both cocaine‐enhanced NAc glutamate and cocaine‐induced reinstatement, an effect that was blocked by MMPIP or LY341497 (a selective mGluR2/3 antagonist). These data suggest that mGluR7 activation inhibits cocaine‐induced reinstatement of drug‐seeking behavior by a glutamate‐mGluR2/3 mechanism in the NAc. The present findings support the potential use of mGluR7 agonists for the treatment of cocaine addiction.
High‐mobility group box 1 as a surrogate prognostic marker in dogs with systemic inflammatory response syndrome
Authors: Yu Do‐Hyeon , Nho Dong‐Ho , Song Ru‐Hui , Kim Sue‐Hee , Lee Mi‐Jin , Nemzek Jean A. , Park Jinho 
Published: June 2010

AbstractObjective
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To evaluate various surrogate markers associated with the inflammatory and counter‐inflammatory responses with respect to mortality in dogs with systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS).Design
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Prospective observational study.Setting
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Veterinary Teaching Hospital.Animals
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Twenty‐eight dogs with naturally occurring diseases and SIRS from January 2007 to May 2009.Interventions
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Upon admission to the veterinary hospital, history and baseline data from the physical examination, including parameters previously defined for meeting SIRS criteria, were documented. Heparinized blood samples were collected and plasma cytokines interleukin‐6 (IL‐6), IL‐10, and high‐mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) were measured by sandwich ELISA.Measurements and Main Results
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In nonsurvivors, median plasma HMGB1 concentrations (0.718 μg/L, interquartile range [IQR]; 0.300–1.626 μg/L) and the ratio of HMGB1 to IL‐10 (2.236, IQR; 0.972–5.367) were significantly increased as compared with those found in survivors (0.300 μg/L, IQR; 0.300–0.312 μg/L for HMGB1; 1.017, IQR; 0.862–1.126 for the ratio of HMGB1 to IL‐10, P=0.007 and 0.024, respectively). Plasma IL‐6, IL‐10, and the ratio of IL‐6 to IL‐10 were not significantly different between groups. Among the parameters studied, HMGB1 and the ratio of HMGB1 to IL‐10 performed the best in discriminating outcome in dogs with SIRS according to receiver operator characteristic curve analysis.Conclusions
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Increases in plasma HMGB1 concentration and the ratio of HMGB1 to IL‐10 may predict poorer outcomes in dogs with SIRS. The approach described may lead to reliable prognostic biomarkers and new therapeutic concepts in the study of SIRS in dogs.
Presumptive hepatotoxicity and rhabdomyolysis secondary to phenazopyridine toxicity in a dog
Authors: Holahan Melissa L. , Littman Meryl P. , Hayes Cristine L. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractObjective –To describe a rare, but potential clinical manifestation of phenazopyridine (PAP) toxicity in a dog.Case Summary –A 6‐year‐old spayed female Chihuahua was evaluated for ataxia and dysphagia after ingestion of 200 mg (66 mg/kg) of PAP hydrochloride. The dog was presented to the hospital with shifting leg lameness involving all 4 limbs, which progressed to reluctance to walk and severe diffuse muscle hyperesthesia. Clinical laboratory abnormalities included marked increases in serum alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, creatine kinase, mild increases in alkaline phosphatase, and increased c‐Tnl‐troponin concentration. Treatment included administration of intravenous fluids, muscle relaxants, pain medications, and hepatoprotectants for 5 days in the hospital, and medical management at home for an additional 5 days. Follow‐up examinations performed 1 and 6 months after initial presentation revealed the dog to be clinically healthy with serum biochemical profiles within reference intervals.New or Unique Information Provided –The purpose of this report is to describe an unusual manifestation of PAP toxicosis in a dog, which has not been previously reported in the literature. A review of the ASPCA Animal Poison Control Center database revealed 347 cases of PAP exposure in dogs during 2000–2009 underscoring the importance of being aware of this toxicity in the dog.
A technique for improving webcam precision in biological plant measurement
Authors: Chong Albert K. , Brownstein Gretchen 
Published: June 2010

AbstractIn an attempt to harness webcam technology for the biological monitoring of grassland plants, a Microsoft LifeCam‐based photogrammetric system was developed for the remote capture of 3D measurements of plants. Research was necessary to determine the metric quality of this webcam imagery for photogrammetric 3D measurement. This paper presents the details of a qualitative evaluation of a LifeCam VX‐3000 for indoor and outdoor photogrammetric measurement together with the results of a case study involving two common small grassland plants. In the evaluation, laboratory and in‐situ principal distance (PD) determination techniques were performed, thus evaluating the significance of the latter for improving measurement accuracy in an uncontrolled environment despite the ineffective focusing of this imaging sensor. The effect of outdoor ambient temperature on the PD was investigated. Results show that sharp focusing is a problem with this webcam, as shown by the disparity of the laboratory‐determined PD of various object distances. However, the determination of the PD using field images improves the measurement accuracy. Using this approach, 3D measurement accuracy of between 0·3 ± 0·2 and 1·7 ± 0·4 mm was achieved, depending on the type of grass observed and the digitising technique used.
Camera Calibration with Baseline Distance Constraints
Authors: Lerma José L. , Navarro Santiago , Cabrelles Miriam , Seguí Ana E. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractThis paper presents a distance‐constrained bundle adjustment approach which was used to calibrate a multi‐sensor system. The multi‐sensor system integrates three rigidly fixed cameras, two visible and one thermal infrared. The influence of the number of camera base constraints is empirically analysed through the process of self‐calibration bundle adjustment. The successful calibration of the multi‐sensor system requires the incorporation of a full set of baseline distance constraints into the adjustment to obtain satisfactory computations of the camera bases and relative rotations between cameras. The improvement in the precision of the calibration is outstanding; its maximum is achieved with the low‐resolution thermal camera. This constrained solution is recommended for multi‐sensor systems that integrate rigidly fixed cameras.
Formation of gold deposits: a metamorphic devolatilization model
Authors: PHILLIPS G. N. , POWELL R. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractA metamorphic devolatilization model can explain the enrichment, segregation, timing, distribution and character of many goldfields such as those found in Archean greenstone belts, slate‐belts and other gold‐only provinces. In this genetic model, hydrated and carbonated greenschist facies rocks, particularly metabasic rocks, are devolatilized primarily across the greenschist–amphibolite facies boundary in an orogenic setting. Devolatilization operates on the scale of individual mineral grains, extracting not just H2O and CO2 but also S and, in turn, Au. Elevated gold in solution is achieved by complexing with reduced S, and by H2CO3 weak acid buffering near the optimal fluid pH for gold solubility (the buffering is more important than being at the point of maximum gold solubility). Low salinity ensures low base metal concentrations in the auriferous metamorphic fluid. Migration of this fluid upwards is via shear zones and/or into hydraulic fracture zones in rocks of low tensile strength. The geometry of the shear zones dictates the kilometre‐scale fluid migration paths and the degree of fluid focusing into small enough volumes to form economic accumulations of gold. Deposition of gold from solution necessitates breakdown of the gold–thiosulphide complex and is especially facilitated by fluid reduction in contact with reduced carbon‐bearing host rocks and/or by sulphidation of wallrocks to generate iron‐bearing sulphide and precipitated gold. As such, black slate, carbon seams, banded iron formation, tholeiitic basalt, magnetite‐bearing diorite and differentiated tholeiitic dolerite sills are some of the important hosts to major goldfields. Gold deposition is accompanied by carbonation, sulphidation and muscovite/biotite alteration where the host rock is of suitable bulk composition. The correlation of major gold deposits with rock type, even when the gold is primarily in veins, argues for rock‐dominated depositional systems, not fluid‐dominated ones. As a consequence, a general role in gold deposition for fluid mixing, temperature decrease and/or fluid pressure decrease and boiling is unlikely, although such effects may be involved locally. Several geological features that are recorded at gold‐only deposits today reflect subsequent modifications superimposed upon the products of this generic metamorphic devolatilization process. Overprinting by higher‐grade metamorphism and deformation, and/or (palaeo)‐weathering may provide many of the most‐obvious features of goldfields including their mineralogy, geochemistry, geometry, small‐scale timing features, geophysical response and even mesoscopic gold distribution.
Effect of Veneering Techniques on Color and Translucency of Y‐TZP
Authors: Luo Xiao Ping , Zhang Lei 
Published: June 2010

Abstract Purpose: This study compared the color parameters and total luminous transmittance of disc specimens by different veneering techniques in order to examine the effect of veneering technique on esthetics of yttria‐stabilized tetragonal zirconia polycrystalline (Y‐TZP) all‐ceramic restorations. Materials and Methods: Thirty disc specimens (10‐mm diameter, 0.50 ± 0.01 mm thick) were fabricated of IPS e.max ZirCAD core material, and ZL1 IPS e.max ZirLiner (0.10‐mm thick) was layered. The specimens were randomly divided into three groups (n = 10/group). Group ZP (fully anatomical technique) was veneered 0.60 mm by heat‐pressing IPS e.max ZirPress fluorapatite glass‐ceramic ingots; Group ZC (traditional layering technique) was veneered 0.60 mm by condensing and sintering IPS e.max Ceram low‐fusing nano‐fluorapatite veneering porcelain; Group ZPC (cutback technique) was veneered by partially pressed ingots and subsequently layered 0.30 mm with veneering porcelain. Color parameters (L*, a*, b*) and total luminous transmittance (τ) of zirconia core discs and core and veneer specimens were measured with ShadeEye NCC dental colorimeter and spectrophotometer, respectively. Color saturation (C*ab) and color difference (ΔE) were calculated using color difference formula. One‐way analysis of variance (ANOVA) combined with a Tukey multiple‐range test were used to analyze the data (α= 0.05). Results: As to ZP, ZPC, and ZC groups, the value of a* increased (−1.35 ± 0.07, −0.64 ± 0.06, −0.36 ± 0.05, respectively) (p < 0.05); b* decreased (27.01 ± 0.07, 25.48 ± 0.11, 23.28 ± 0.25, respectively) (p < 0.05); and C*ab decreased (27.04 ± 0.08, 25.49 ± 0.11, 23.28 ± 0.25, respectively) (p < 0.05). L* value and total luminous transmittance were highest in ZP group (87.53 ± 0.48, 1.64 ± 0.03, respectively), and lowest in ZPC group (82.14 ± 0.18, 1.47 ± 0.01, respectively) (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Y‐TZP all‐ceramic restoration veneered by fully anatomical technique was the most transparent and lightest, while restorations veneered by cutback technique were the least translucent and the darkest.
Influence of Material of Overdenture‐Retaining Bar with Vertical Misfit on Three‐Dimensional Stress Distribution
Authors: Abreu Ricardo T. , Spazzin Aloísio O. , Noritomi Pedro Y. , Consani Rafael Leonardo X. , Mesquita Marcelo F. 
Published: June 2010

Abstract Purpose: This study evaluated the effects of different bar materials on stress distribution in an overdenture‐retaining bar system with a vertical misfit between implant and bar framework. Materials and Methods: A three‐dimentional finite element model was created including two titanium implants and a bar framework placed in the anterior part of a severely reabsorbed jaw. The model set was exported to mechanical simulation software, where displacement was applied to simulate the screw torque limited by 100‐μm vertical misfit. Four bar materials (gold alloy, silver‐palladium alloy, commercially pure titanium, cobalt‐chromium alloy) were simulated in the analysis. Data were qualitatively evaluated using Von Mises stress given by the software. Results: The models showed stress concentration in cortical bone corresponding to the cervical part of the implant, and in cancellous bone corresponding to the apical part of the implant; however, in these regions few changes were observed in the levels of stress on the different bar materials analyzed. In the bar framework, screw, and implant, considerable increase in stress was observed when the elastic modulus of the bar material was increased. Conclusions: The different materials of the overdenture‐retaining bar did not present considerable influence on the stress levels in the periimplant bone tissue, while the mechanical components of the system were more sensitive to the material stiffness.
Alveolar ridge preservation with guided bone regeneration and a synthetic bone substitute or a bovine‐derived xenograft: a randomized, controlled clinical trial
Authors: Mardas Nikos , Chadha Vivek , Donos Nikolaos 
Published: June 2010

AbstractObjectives: The aim of this randomized, controlled clinical trial was to compare the potential of a synthetic bone substitute or a bovine‐derived xenograft combined with a collagen membrane to preserve the alveolar ridge dimensions following tooth extraction.Methods: Twenty‐seven patients were randomized into two treatment groups following single tooth extraction in the incisor, canine and premolar area. In the test group, the alveolar socket was grafted with Straumann Bone Ceramic® (SBC), while in the control group, Bio‐Oss® deproteinized bovine bone mineral (DBBM) was applied. In both groups, a collagen barrier was used to cover the grafting material. Complete soft tissue coverage of the barriers was not achieved. After 8 months, during re‐entry procedures and before implant placement, the horizontal and vertical dimensions of the residual ridge were re‐evaluated and trephine biopsies were performed for histological analysis in all patients.Results: Twenty‐six patients completed the study. The bucco‐lingual dimension of the alveolar ridge decreased by 1.1±1 mm in the SBC group and by 2.1±1 in the DBBM group (P<0.05). Both materials preserved the mesio‐distal bone height of the ridge. No differences in the width of buccal and palatal bone plate were observed between the two groups. The histological analysis showed new bone formation in the apical part of the biopsies, which, in some instances, was in direct contact with both SBC and DBBM particles. The coronal part of the biopsies was occupied by a dense fibrous connective tissue surrounding the SBC and DBBM particles.Conclusion: Both biomaterials partially preserved the width and the interproximal bone height of the alveolar ridge. To cite this article:
Mardas N, Chadha V, Donos N. Alveolar ridge preservation with guided bone regeneration and a synthetic bone substitute or a bovine‐derived xenograft: a randomized, controlled clinical trial. Clin. Oral Impl. Res. 21, 2010; 688–698.
Evaluation of bone thickness around the mental foramen for potential fixation of a bone‐borne functional appliance: a computer tomography scan study
Authors: Al‐Kalaly Abdullah A. , Wong Ricky W. K. , Cheung Lim K. , Purkayastha Shimanto K. , Schätzle Marc , Rabie A. Bakr M. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractAim: A mandible bone‐borne Herbst appliance (MBBHA) would avoid the proclination of the lower incisors that occurs with any teeth‐borne functional appliance. But mapping of the bone characteristics at potential fixation areas around the mental foramen has not been carried out so far. The aim of this computer tomographic (CT) study was to evaluate bone thickness at specific positions around the mental foramen.Material and methods: CT scans of 60 randomly chosen adult Hong Kong Chinese subjects (mean age 28±6.3 years) were used to measure the bi‐cortical bone thickness in the mandible in the mental foramen area. The thickness of buccal and lingual cortical and cancellous bone was assessed at the following locations: 10 mm (A10 mm) and 5 mm (A5 mm) anterior, 10 mm (P10 mm) and 5 mm (P5 mm) posterior, and 5 mm (Inf5 mm) below the mental foramen.Results: The amount of buccal cortical bone thickness ranged between 1.89 mm, 10 mm anterior of the mental foramen, and 2.16 mm, 10 mm posterior to its location. At the A10 mm level, cortical thickness showed a marginal statistically significant difference between A5 and A10 mm. The total amount of bone thickness ranged from 10.19 to 12.06 mm.Conclusion: At the locations studied around the mental foramen, a mean bicortical bone thickness of 10–12 mm was measured. No large variation in the thickness was found between bicortical bone thicknesses in the measured locations around the mental foramen. Thorough evaluation on a case‐by‐case basis is advisable. To cite this article:
Al‐Kalaly AA, Wong RWK, Cheung LK, Purkayastha SK, Schätzle M, Rabie ABM. Evaluation of bone thickness around the mental foramen for potential fixation of a bone‐borne functional appliance: a computer tomography scan study. Clin. Oral Impl. Res. 21, 2010; 1288–1293. doi: 10.1111/j.1600‐0501.2010.01947.x
Suprapubic catheter displacement: A forgotten phenomenon
Authors: Huang James G , Brough Stephen J , Jensen Robert S , Monsour Michael J 
Published: June 2010

AbstractSuprapubic catheters provide a durable form of long‐term bladder drainage. Few cases of catheter displacement have been reported. We report a series of three patients with suprapubic catheter displacement following catheter changes, with varying clinical presentations and sequelae. Early suspicion of catheter displacement in patients with suprapubic catheters presenting with undiagnosed sepsis or abdominal pain, can lead to timely radiological diagnosis and treatment.
OPTIMIZATION OF CARROT POMACE POWDER INCORPORATION ON EXTRUDED PRODUCT QUALITY BY RESPONSE SURFACE METHODOLOGY
Authors: UPADHYAY A. , SHARMA H.K. , SARKAR B.C. 
Published: June 2010

ABSTRACT Rice and gram flour mix with carrot pomace powder (CPP) was used for the extrudates under study. Response surface methodology was used to analyze the effect of die temperature (65–125C), feed rate (2.5–8.5 g/s), feed moisture (10–30%, w.b.) and CPP (1.5–15.5%) on extrudate moisture, expansion index, bulk density and sensory characteristics of extrudates. Regression equations describing the effect of each variable were obtained. Die temperature was observed to be the most effective (P < 0.05) process variable to affect the selected responses, followed by change in feed moisture and CPP. Overall acceptability (OA) of the experimental samples ranged from 3.4 to 7.9 for the selected process variables. An optimization of process variables using regressed equation was attempted for maximum desirability in responses. Optimum incorporation level of CPP was found to be 5%, with OA score of 7.4. The study demonstrated that an acceptable extruded product can be prepared by CPP incorporation.PRACTICAL APPLICATIONSExtrusion is a widely used processing technology in many ready‐to‐eat cereal‐based snacks. A lot of work has been done on cereal‐based extrusion along with pulse supplementation for improved protein quality. The present study also takes its basis from such previous studies. Innovative approach in this study involves utilization of a by‐product through incorporation of carrot pomace powder (CPP) in pre‐extrusion mix. Furthermore, a polynomial model is established for each process variable, and CPP incorporation is optimized for the desired quality of extrudates.
EFFECT OF STORAGE TEMPERATURE AND TIME ON QUALITY IN MINIMALLY PROCESSED LITCHI FRUIT (LITCHI CHINENSIS SONN.)
Authors: BOLAÑOS ELIA NORA AQUINO , VELÁZQUEZ RUBEN CORONA , CÁRDENAZ ANDRÉS VILLEGAS , SANTAMARÍA ISABEL REYES , VERA NORMA GÜEMES , FUENTES ALMA DELIA HERNANDEZ , SILVA EDMUNDO MERCADO 
Published: June 2010

ABSTRACT Rind browning is the most serious marketing problem for litchi (Litchi chinensis Sonn.) fruit, although it has no effect on the quality of the edible aril portion. Physicochemical, biochemical and subjective quality evaluations were done in minimally processed (peeled and vacuum‐packed) litchi cv. Racimo Rojo fruit stored 18 days at 2, 5 or 10C. Little change was observed in total soluble solids, titratable acidity and pH, independent of storage temperature. Polyphenol oxidase (PPO) activity decreased, total phenolic compound content remained unchanged and peroxidase (POD) activity increased during storage. Correlation was low (<0.63) between color parameters (L*, a*and b*) and PPO and POD activities, and phenolic compounds. The minimally processed fruit stored at 2C exhibited characteristics similar to fresh fruit, whereas those stored at 5 and 10C emitted disagreeable odors that lowered their subjective quality.PRACTICAL APPLICATIONSThe insignificant physicochemical changes observed here suggest that when stored at 2C, litchi fruit can be offered as a minimally processed product with characteristics similar to fresh fruit. Unlike most other minimally processed fruit products and other litchi varieties, pulp browning was not a significant problem in litchi cv. Racimo Rojo after peeling, providing it a potential commercial advantage.