bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Time course of bone loss in patients with anorexia nervosa
Authors: Olmos José M. , Valero Carmen , del Barrio Andrés Gómez , Amado José A. , Hernández José L. , Menéndez‐Arango José , González‐Macías Jesús 
Published: August 2009

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the time course of bone mineral density (BMD) in women with anorexia nervosa (AN) during 2‐year follow‐up.MethodWe prospectively studied 51 female with AN aged 18–38 years, and 40 age‐matched healthy women (19–34 years). BMD was measured in lumbar spine (LS), femoral neck (FN), and total hip (TH) by DXA.ResultsAt baseline, weight, body mass index, and lumbar and hip BMD were significantly (p < .001) lower in AN patients than in controls. Patients who gain weight showed a significant increase in BMD at FN (+1.6%; p < .05), and TH (+4.4%; p < .05) and lower nonsignificant changes in LS (+1.3%). Weight at entry, and percent change of weight were significant determinants (p < .05) of the variability in percent change of BMD at FN and TH, whereas weight at entry was the main determinant of bone modifications at lumbar spine.DiscussionOur data emphasize the influence of weight gain in recovery of bone mass in AN patients, especially at the hip. © 2009 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Eat Disord 2010; 43:537–542
CD8+ T cells specific for β cells encounter their cognate antigens in the islets of NOD mice
Authors: Pang Shuguang , Zhang Li , Wang Haidong , Yi Zuoan , Li Li , Gao Ling , Zhao Jiajun , Tisch Roland , Katz Jonathan D. , Wang Bo 
Published: August 2009

AbstractCD8+ T cells play a key role in the initiation of insulitis. However, the site(s) where naive CD8+ T cells encounter β‐cell antigens and the mechanism(s) by which β‐cell autoimmunity is initiated remain to be determined. In the current study, an adoptive transfer model was employed assessing the initial site of priming and the nature of antigen recognition by naive β‐cell‐specific CD8+ T cells. Temporal analysis demonstrated that unlike CD4+ T cells that are primed in the draining pancreatic lymph nodes, initial proliferation of transferred CD8+ T cells was detected in the islets. These results indicate that in our model, naive β‐cell‐specific CD8+ T cells encounter β‐cell antigens in the islets. Furthermore, ectopic expression of CD80 by β cells accelerated the onset of insulitis mediated by β‐cell‐specific CD8+ T cells, but had no effect on CD4+ T‐cell‐mediated diabetes, suggesting an antigenic interaction between β cells and naive CD8+ T cells. However, it remains to be determined whether the initiation of insulitis in spontaneous diabetes is the result of a cognate interaction between naive CD8+ T cells and islet β cells.
Bridging and Terminal Arrangement of Alkylperoxo Groups in Organoindium Peroxides
Authors: Uhl Werner , Jana Barun 
Published: July 2009

AbstractTreatment of bis(tert‐butyl)‐2,2,6,6‐tetramethyl‐3,5‐heptanedionatoindium, [(Me3C)2In{Me3C‐C(O)C(H)C(O)‐CMe3}] (1), with oxygen afforded the dinuclear alkylindium peroxide[(Me3C‐O‐O)(Me3C)In(μ‐OCMe3)2In{Me3C‐C(O)C(H)C(O)‐CMe3}2] (3) in moderate yield. Compound 3 has an oxidizing peroxo group in close proximity to an In–C bond and decomposes slowly at room temperature by quenching of these conflicting functionalities. The reaction of oxygen with the corresponding dibenzoylmethane derivative, [(Me3C)2In{H5C6‐C(O)C(H)C(O)‐C6H5}] (2), gave by ligand exchange the diperoxide [In2(μ‐O‐O‐CMe3)2{H5C6‐C(O)C(H)C(O)‐C6H5}4] (4) in which the indium atoms are terminally coordinated by chelating ligands and bridged by two peroxo groups. Diperoxide 4 does not contain In–C bonds, is thermally quite stable, and can be handled at room temperature in THF solution over several hours without decomposition. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2009)
Direct numerical simulation of preferential particle concentration in decaying turbulence under the influence of magnetic field
Authors: Kondaraju Sasidhar , Xu Xiaofeng , Lee Joon Sang 
Published: July 2009

AbstractThis paper presents a direct numerical simulation of an isotropic turbulence at Reynolds number Rλ=71.4. The statistics of heavy particles in such turbulence has been investigated. The numerical results indicate the merit of method in solving the magnetohydrodynamic turbulence. The revision of the paper was made based on the reviewers' comments. The paper was improved significantly. Hence, review suggests accepting the submission in current form. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Strategic order splitting, order choice, and aggressiveness: Evidence from the Taiwan futures exchange
Authors: Chou Robin K. , Wang Yun‐Yi 
Published: July 2009

AbstractWe investigate the strategic order‐splitting behavior and order aggressiveness of different types of traders using a unique dataset on the Taiwan Futures Exchange. By examining the trades and orders for each and every account, we find that, as compared with domestic institutional traders and individual traders, foreign institutional traders and futures proprietary firms are more likely to split their orders and it appears that the price adjustments after their trades are permanent. Foreign institutional traders and futures proprietary firms seem to be better informed, with their orders apparently being split so as to reveal their information on a gradual basis. Furthermore, we find that foreign institutional traders and futures proprietary firms use fewer market orders, choosing instead to submit aggressive limit orders, possibly due to their desire to make the most of their information advantage. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Jrl Fut Mark 29:1102–1129, 2009
Subsoil movements due to boring of shallow tunnels with shield machines – application of finite elements in connection with a universally formulated material model
Authors: Böttcher Christian , Fabricius Klaus , Kaufmann Henning 
Published: August 2009

AbstractMany infrastructure projects at the moment include the planning of shallow tunnels to be bored with a shield machine. The extent of the settlement trough with the resulting settlement and inclination of buildings often represent an important problem. Calculations of these deformations are based on an empirical approximation process or finite element methods.The reliability of a FE calculation relies significantly on the quality and calibration of the material model used. A material model with a universal approach for all soils, whose parameters can be determined very simply from standardised laboratory tests, has been developed as a contribution to this problem in the consultancy of Dr. Binnewies. The practicality of the material model has been demonstrated in a multitude of specialised civil engineering projects where no damage occurred, and where the calculations performed at the design stage were confirmed by measurements during the construction phase.The process is illustrated through the example of construction projects in Hamburg. The geology there is characterised by Pleistocene and Holocene sands as well as mica silt, illite and till of varying consolidation resulting from preloading during ice ages.Im Rahmen zahlreicher Infrastrukturmaßnahmen sind derzeit im Schildvortrieb aufzufahrende Tunnel in seichter Lage geplant. Regelmäßig steht dabei die Ausdehnung der Setzungsmulde und die daraus resultierenden Setzungen und Schiefstellungen von Bauwerken im Fokus. In diesem Zusammenhang durchgeführte Verformungsberechnungen beruhen auf empirischen Näherungsverfahren oder der Finite‐Elemente‐Methode.Die Zuverlässigkeit einer FE‐Berechnung hängt wesentlich von Qualität und Kalibrierung des verwendeten Stoffmodells ab. Im Ingenieurbüro Dr. Binnewies wurde in diesem Zusammenhang ein Stoffmodell mit ganzheitlichem Ansatz für alle Böden entwickelt, dessen Parameter sehr einfach aus standardisierten Laborversuchen bestimmbar sind. Die besondere Eignung des Stoffmodells ist durch zahlreiche schadensfreie Baumaßnahmen im Spezialtiefbau belegt, bei denen die im Entwurf durchgeführten Berechnungen durch baubegleitende Messungen bestätigt wurden.Am Beispiel von Baumaßnahmen in Hamburg werden die vorgenannten Zusammenhänge erläutert. Dort ist die Geologie durch pleistozäne und holozäne Sande sowie Glimmerschluff, Glimmerton und Geschiebemergel unterschiedlicher Konsolidation infolge eiszeitlicher Vorbelastung geprägt.
Long‐term trends and cycles in the hydrometeorology of the Amazon basin since the late 1920s
Authors: Marengo José A. 
Published: August 2009

AbstractRainfall and river indices for both the northern and southern Amazon were used to identify and explore long‐term climate variability on the region. From a statistical analysis of the hydrometeorological series, it is concluded that no systematic unidirectional long‐term trends towards drier or wetter conditions have been identified since the 1920s. The rainfall and river series showing variability at inter‐annual scales linked to El Niño Southern Oscillation was detected in rainfall in the northern Amazon. It has a low‐frequency variability with a peak at − 30 years identified in both rainfall and river series in the Amazon. The presence of cycles rather than a trend is characteristic of rainfall in the Amazon. These cycles are real indicators of decadal and multi‐decadal variations in hydrology for both sides of the basin. Sea‐level pressure (SLP) gradients between tropics and sub topics were explored in order to explain variability in the hydrometeorology of the basin. Sea surface temperature (SST) gradients inside the tropical Atlantic and between the tropical Atlantic and the sub‐tropical Atlantic have been assessed in the context of changes in rainfall in the Amazon, as compared to northern Argentina. Trends in SSTs in the subtropical Atlantic are linked to changes in rainfall and circulation in northern Argentina, and they seem to be related to multi‐decadal variations of rainfall in the Amazon. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Structure and function of VEGF receptors
Authors: Stuttfeld Edward , Ballmer‐Hofer Kurt 
Published: August 2009

AbstractVascular endothelial growth factors (VEGFs) regulate blood and lymphatic vessel development and homeostasis. VEGFs are predominantly produced by endothelial, hematopoietic, and stromal cells in response to hypoxia and upon stimulation by growth factors such as transforming growth factor β (TGFβ), interleukins, or platelet‐derived growth factors (PDGFs). VEGFs specifically interact with one or several receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs), VEGF receptor‐1, ‐2, and ‐3 (VEGFR‐1, ‐2, ‐3), and with distinct coreceptors such as neuropilins or heparan sulfate glycosaminoglycans. VEGF receptors are classified as type V RTKs whose extracellular domains consists of seven immunoglobulin‐like (Ig‐like) domains. VEGF receptors are activated upon ligand‐mediated dimerization. However, little was known about the mechanism of receptor activation at the structural level until recently. New data published by several labs for VEGF and the related type III RTKs now suggest that both ligand–receptor as well as homotypic receptor–receptor interactions stabilize ligand‐induced receptor dimers. These data support the idea that structural changes induced in the extracellular domain upon ligand binding instigate transmembrane signaling by properly positioning the intracellular kinase domains in active receptor dimers. © 2009 IUBMB IUBMB Life 61(9): 915–922, 2009
Variations in the composition of mammalian SWI/SNF chromatin remodelling complexes
Authors: Ryme Jessica , Asp Patrik , Böhm Stefanie , Cavellán Erica , Farrants Ann‐Kristin Östlund 
Published: July 2009

AbstractThe ATP‐dependent chromatin remodelling complexes SWI/SNF alter the chromatin structure in transcriptional regulation. Several classes of mammalian SWI/SNF complex have been isolated biochemically, distinguished by a few specific subunits, such as the BAF‐specific BAF250A, BAF250B and BRM, and the PBAF‐specific BAF180. We have determined the complex compositions using low stringency immunoprecipitation (IP) and shown that the pattern of subunit interactions was more diverse than previously defined classes had predicted. The subunit association at five gene promoters that depend on the SWI/SNF activity varied and the sequential chromatin immunoprecipitations revealed that different class‐specific subunits occupied the promoters at the same time. The low‐stringency IP showed that the BAF‐specific BAF250A and BAF250B and the PBAF‐specific BAF180 co‐exist in a subset of SWI/SNF complexes, and fractionation of nuclear extract on size‐exclusion chromatography demonstrated that sub‐complexes with unorthodox subunit compositions were present in the cell. We propose a model in which the constellations of SWI/SNF complexes are “tailored” for each specific chromatin target and depend on the local chromatin environment to which complexes and sub‐complexes are recruited. J. Cell. Biochem. 108: 565–576, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Runx2 and bone morphogenic protein 2 regulate the expression of an alternative Lef1 transcript during osteoblast maturation
Authors: Hoeppner Luke H. , Secreto Frank , Jensen Eric D. , Li Xiaodong , Kahler Rachel A. , Westendorf Jennifer J. 
Published: July 2009

AbstractLymphoid Enhancer Binding Factor (Lef) 1 is a transcriptional effector of the Wnt/Lrp5/β‐catenin signaling cascade, which regulates osteoblast differentiation, bone density, and skeletal strength. In this study, we describe the expression and function of an alternative Lef1 isoform in osseous cells. Lef1ΔN is a naturally occurring isoform driven by a promoter (p2) within the intron between exons 3 and 4 of Lef1. Lef1ΔN is induced during late osteoblast differentiation. This is converse to the expression pattern of the full‐length Lef1 protein, which as we previously showed, decreases during differentiation. Agonists of osteoblast maturation differentially affected Lef1ΔN expression. BMP2 stimulated Lef1ΔN expression, whereas Wnt3a blocked basal and BMP2‐induced expression of Lef1ΔN transcripts during osteoblast differentiation. We determined that the Lef1ΔN p2 promoter is active in osteoblasts and Runx2 regulates its activity. Stable overexpression of Lef1ΔN in differentiating osteoblasts induced the expression of osteoblast differentiation genes, osteocalcin and type 1 collagen. Taken together, our results suggest Lef1ΔN is a crucial regulator of terminal differentiation in osseous cells. J. Cell. Physiol. 221: 480–489, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Electrotreatment of industrial copper plating rinse effluent using mild steel and aluminum electrodes
Authors: Golder Animes K. , Dhaneesh Varappurath S. , Samanta Amar N. , Ray Subhabrata 
Published: August 2009

AbstractBACKGROUND: Heavy metals from aqueous streams can be removed effectively using electrochemical techniques. Although both mild steel (MS) and aluminum (Al) electrodes have long been considered for the treatment of different waste‐waters, unfortunately the reported optimum treatment time, current density, pH and background electrolyte concentration vary greatly. In this work, an electrochemical technique was used for the removal of Cu from electroplating rinse water collected from a local plating industry using MS and Al as electrode materials.RESULTS: Removal of Cu during electrotreatment is due to the combined effect of hydroxide precipitation and electrodeposition. The discharge limit of Cu (3 mg L−1) was achieved with both the electrodes and electrode arrangements. Both MS and Al electrodes showed similar performance for removing copper, however, a lower increase in pH was observed with the MS electrode under identical experimental conditions. NaCl added to increase the solution conductivity decreases Cu removal and inhibits oxide layer formation during electrotreatment. The effluent contains about 6.8 mg L−1 Zn and its discharge limit (4 mg L−1) was achieved within the first 10 min of treatment.CONCLUSIONS: Results obtained from experiments demonstrate that the stipulated limit of both Cu and Zn can be achieved during treatment of industrial plating effluent using MS and Al as electrode materials, depending on current density and treatment time. Copyright © 2009 Society of Chemical Industry
Nucleolar binding of an anti‐NMDA receptor antibody in hydra: a non‐canonical role for an NMDA receptor protein?
Authors: Kass‐Simon Gabriele , Zompa Michael A. , Scappaticci Albert A. , Zackroff Robert V. , Hufnagel Linda A. 
Published: August 2009

AbstractTwo emerging concepts in cell biology are the back‐and‐forth trafficking of receptor proteins and nuclear transcription factors between the nucleus and the cell membrane, and the alternative splicing of messenger RNA to produce similar proteins targeted to different cell sites. Recent evidence suggests that the nucleolus is a dynamic structure whose components may be involved in both types of trafficking. In the nervous system of higher animals, the N‐methyl‐D‐aspartate (NMDA)‐specific glutamate receptor has various roles in development and cell communication. It is involved in learning, memory, axonal guidance and nerve regeneration. We have reported earlier that the NR1 subunit of the NMDA receptor is present in the cell periphery and the nucleus of stem cells, neurons and epitheliomuscular cells of the early‐evolved cnidarian,Hydra vulgaris(Scappaticci et al., 2004. Cell Tissue Res 316:263–270); it is involved in coordinating hydra's neuroeffector systems (Kass‐Simon and Scappaticci, 2003. Hydrobiologia 530/531:67–71; Pierobon et al., 2004. Eur J Neurosci 20:2598–2604; Scappaticci and Kass‐Simon, 2008. Comp Biochem Physiol A 150:415–422; Kay and Kass‐Simon, 2009. Bio Bull 216:113–129). Here we report immunocytochemical experiments, using a mouse monoclonal antibody raised against the mammalian NR1 receptor subunit, and an in silico genomic and gene expression analysis identifying the homologues in hydra of mammalian NR1 and fibrillarin (FBL) genes, and their expressed proteins. The experiments reveal that the NR1 antibody specifically labels the nucleoli of large and small interstitial cells (stem cells), nematoblasts, neuroblasts, and epitheliomusclar cells; antibody labeling of the nucleolar marker, FBL, confirms the nucleolar localization of NR1 antibody labeling. Genomic analysis reveals that NR1 and FBL genes are conserved in hydra, and suggests that there are at least two NR1 splice variants, one of which contains both nuclear and nucleolar targeting signals. The finding that an NR1 receptor subunit (or a portion of it) appears in nucleoli of hydra cells is unique, and has not been reported for any other organism. Its presence in nucleoli of hydra may signal the existence of a yet‐undescribed shuttle mechanism between the cell surface and the nucleous, or the alternative deployment of NR1 splice variants to different cell sites.J. Exp. Zool. 311A:763–775, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Persisting stemma neuropils in Chaoborus crystallinus (Diptera: Chaoboridae): Development and evolution of a bipartite visual system
Authors: Melzer Roland R. 
Published: August 2009

AbstractStemmata or “larval” eyes are of crucial importance for the understanding of the evolution and ontogeny of the hexapod's main visual organs, the compound eyes. Using classical neuroanatomical techniques, I showed that the persisting stemmata of Chaoborus imagos are connected to persisting stemma neuropils neighboring the first and second order neuropils of the compound eyes, and therefore also the imago possesses a stemma lamina and medulla closely associated with the architecture and the developmental pattern of those of the compound eyes. The findings are compared with other arthropods, e.g. accessory lateral eyes in Amandibulata and Myriapoda, suggesting some ancestral rather than derived character states. J. Morphol. 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Top–down glycolipidomics: fragmentation analysis of ganglioside oligosaccharide core and ceramide moiety by chip‐nanoelectrospray collision‐induced dissociation MS2–MS6
Authors: Serb Alina , Schiopu Catalin , Flangea Corina , Sisu Eugen , Zamfir Alina D. 
Published: August 2009

AbstractWe developed a straightforward approach for high‐throughput top–down glycolipidomics based on fully automated chip‐nanoelectrospray (nanoESI) high‐capacity ion trap (HCT) multistage mass spectrometry (MSn) by collision‐induced dissociation (CID) in the negative ion mode. The method was optimized and tested on a polysialylated ganglioside fraction (GT1b), which was profiled by MS1 and sequenced in tandem MS up to MS6 in the same experiment. Screening of the fraction in the MS1 mode indicated the occurrence of six [M − 2H]2− ions which, according to calculation, support 13 GT1 variants differing in their relative molecular mass due to dissimilar ceramide (Cer) constitutions. By stepwise CID MS2–MS5 on the doubly charged ion at m/z 1077.20 corresponding to a ubiquitous GT1b structure, the complete characterization of its oligosaccharide core including the identification of sialylation sites was achieved. Structure of the lipid moiety was further elucidated by CID MS6 analysis carried out using the Y0 fragment ion, detected in MS5, as a precursor. MS6 fragmentation resulted in a pattern supporting a single ceramide form having the less common (d20 : 1/18 : 0) configuration. The entire top–down experiment was performed in a high‐throughput regime in less than 3 min of measurement, with an analysis sensitivity situated in the subpicomolar range. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Micromechanics of postmortem‐retrieved cement–bone interfaces
Authors: Miller Mark A. , Eberhardt Alan W. , Cleary Richard J. , Verdonschot Nico , Mann Kenneth A. 
Published: August 2009

AbstractThe cement–bone interface plays an important role in load transfer between cemented implant systems and adjacent bone, but little is known about the micromechanical behavior of this interface following in vivo service. Small samples of postmortem‐retrieved cement–bone specimens from cemented total hip replacements were prepared and mechanically loaded to determine the response to tensile and compressive loading. The morphology of the cement–bone interface was quantified using a CT‐based stereology approach. Laboratory‐prepared specimens were used to represent immediate postoperative conditions for comparison. The stiffness and strength of the cement–bone interface from postmortem retrievals was much lower than that measured from laboratory‐prepared specimens. The cement–bone interfaces from postmortem retrievals were very compliant (under tension and compression) and had a very low tensile strength (0.21 ± 0.32 MPa). A linear regression model, including interface contact fraction and intersection fraction between cement and bone, could explain 71% (p < 0.0001) of the variability in experimental response. Bony remodeling following an arthroplasty procedure may contribute to reduced contact between cement and bone, resulting in weaker, more compliant interfaces. © 2009 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 28:170–177, 2010