bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Activation of human bronchial epithelial cells by inflammatory cytokines IL‐27 and TNF‐α: Implications for immunopathophysiology of airway inflammation
Authors: Cao Ju , Wong Chun K. , Yin Yibing , Lam Christopher W.K. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractInterleukin (IL)‐27 is a member of IL‐6/IL‐12 family cytokines produced by antigen‐presenting cells in immune responses. IL‐27 can drive the commitment of naive T cells to a T helper type 1 (Th1) phenotype and inhibit inflammation in later phases of infection. Human bronchial epithelial cells have been shown to express IL‐27 receptor complex. In this study, we investigated the in vitro effects of IL‐27, alone or in combination with inflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor (TNF)‐α on the pro‐inflammatory activation of human primary bronchial epithelial cells and the underlying intracellular signaling mechanisms. IL‐27 was found to enhance intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM‐1) expression on the surface of human bronchial epithelial cells, and a synergistic effect was observed in the combined treatment of IL‐27 and TNF‐α on the expression of ICAM‐1. Although IL‐27 did not alter the basal IL‐6 secretion from bronchial epithelial cells, it could significantly augment TNF‐α‐induced IL‐6 release. These synergistic effects on the up‐regulation of ICAM‐1 and IL‐6 were partially due to the elevated expression of TNF‐α receptor (p55TNFR) induced by IL‐27. Further investigations showed that the elevation of ICAM‐1 and IL‐6 in human bronchial epithelial cells stimulated by IL‐27 and TNF‐α was differentially regulated by phosphatidylinositol 3‐OH kinase (PI3K)‐Akt, p38 mitogen‐activated protein kinase, and nuclear factor‐κB pathways. Our results therefore provide a new insight into the molecular mechanisms involved in airway inflammation. J. Cell. Physiol. 223:788–797, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Protein–protein interactions involving IKKγ (NEMO) that promote the activation of NF‐κB
Authors: Shifera Amde Selassie 
Published: March 2010

AbstractInhibitor of κB kinase (IKK) gamma (IKKγ), also referred to as nuclear factor κB (NF‐κB) essential modulator (NEMO), is an important regulatory component of the IKK complex. The IKK complex is a signalosome that catalyzes the inducible phosphorylation of IκB proteins, which is a key step that leads to the activation of NF‐κB. The exact functions of IKKγ (NEMO) as part of the IKK complex have not yet been fully elucidated. This mini‐review covers 16 proteins that have been reported to bind to IKKγ and lead to the enhancement of the activities of the IKK complex, thus resulting in NF‐κB activation. The major mechanisms by which these interactions are mediated involve the recognition of ubiquitinated upstream signaling components by IKKγ or the modification of IKKγ itself by ubiquitination. Additional mechanisms include the sumoylation or phosphorylation of IKKγ and the modification of the tertiary or quaternary structure of IKKγ. J. Cell. Physiol. 223:558–561, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Merkel cells and permanent disesthesia in the oral mucosa after soft tissue grafts
Authors: Aimetti M. , Romano F. , Cricenti L. , Perotto S. , Gotti S. , Panzica G. , Graziano A. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractConnective tissue grafts are routinely procedures in the treatment of gingival defects. The clinical success of the gingival tissue graft procedures anyway should ensure not only the aesthetic integration between the tissues but also the physiological activity of the graft in terms of sensitivity and immunity because the skin and the mucosae constitute the first natural aspecific borders against pathogens. The aim of this paper was to investigate nervous net recovery after connective graft procedure, in relation with sensorial alteration in the injured area. Results showed that there is a close link among the number of Merkel cells and the alteration of sensations. Merkel cells can be found isolated standing in the basal layer, supposed to have neuroendocrine functions in the epithelia or in larger group not associated with nerves; when found in association with nerves they are named Merkel complexes, acting as slow adapter mechanical receptor. Our data can be explained in two ways: Merkel cells increase as a consequence of tissue injury, a sort of “SOS cells” that secrete neuroendocrine signals to guide tissue healing; as an alternative the presence of the Merkel cells could be read as a derailment of tissue regeneration with the stop of cellular differentiation in the direction of an abnormal proliferation, a sort of mad stem cell. J. Cell. Physiol. 224:205–209, 2010 © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
β1 integrins mediate cell proliferation in three‐dimensional cultures by regulating expression of the sonic hedgehog effector protein, GLI1
Authors: Goel Hira Lal , Underwood Jean M. , Nickerson Jeffrey A. , Hsieh Chung‐Cheng , Languino Lucia R. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractThe β1 integrins play an important role in the modulation of cancer cell proliferation and tumor growth. We have previously shown that β1 integrins associate with insulin‐like growth factor type 1 receptor (IGF‐IR) and regulate IGF‐stimulated prostate cancer cell proliferation. In the present study, we find that downregulation of β1 in prostate cancer cells inhibits IGF‐IR and AKT activation. We also show that β1 downregulation in two‐ and three‐dimensional (3D) prostate cancer cell cultures significantly reduces expression of GLI1, a transcription factor known to be regulated by the IGF/AKT signaling pathway and to be a downstream effector of sonic hedgehog. Re‐expression of GLI1 rescues the inhibitory effect of β1 downregulation on prostate cancer cell proliferation in 3D cultures. We find that downregulation of β1 significantly reduces surface expression of the associated α5 integrin subunit. Our results indicate that the β1/IGF–IR complex regulates expression of GLI1, which in turn promotes cancer cell proliferation in 3D cultures. J. Cell. Physiol. 224:210–217, 2010 © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Glycolysis links p53 function with NF‐κB signaling: Impact on cancer and aging process
Authors: Salminen Antero , Kaarniranta Kai 
Published: March 2010

AbstractIn 1930, Otto Warburg observed that cancer cells produce an increased amount of their energy through aerobic glycolysis and subsequently, this was called the Warburg effect. During aging, the capacity for mitochondrial respiration clearly declines and aerobic glycolysis appears to compensate for the deficiency in oxidative metabolism. This shift in energy production, both in aging and cancer, could protect from the toxic effects of oxygen free radicals whereas increased glycolysis can have adverse effects. It was recently demonstrated that the glycolysis‐linked protein O‐glycosylation can potentiate the catalytic activity of IKKβ and subsequently trigger NF‐κB signaling. It seems that tumor suppressor oncogene p53 has an important role in the regulation of protein O‐glycosylation since p53 is a potent inhibitor of glycolysis, for example, via TIGAR protein expression. Aging is known to repress the function of p53 and this could enhance glycolysis and NF‐κB signaling. We will discuss the role of p53 in the regulation of glycolysis‐dependent activation of NF‐κB signaling in both cancer and aging process. J. Cell. Physiol. 224:1–6, 2010 © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Post‐translational modulation of CD133 expression during sodium butyrate‐induced differentiation of HT29 human colon cancer cells: Implications for its detection
Authors: Sgambato A. , Puglisi M.A. , Errico F. , Rafanelli F. , Boninsegna A. , Rettino A. , Genovese G. , Coco C. , Gasbarrini A. , Cittadini A. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractThe CD133 molecule has been proposed as a surface marker of cancer stem cells in several human malignancies, including colon cancers. The function and the mechanisms regulating CD133 expression remain unknown. The HT29 human colon cancer cells undergo differentiation following treatment with various agents and represent a useful in vitro model of colon differentiation. This study evaluated the behavior of CD133 during sodium butyrate‐induced differentiation of HT29 cells. Treatment with sodium butyrate induced a progressive decrease of CD133 expression, as assessed by flow cytometry using the AC133 monoclonal antibody. Indeed, expression of CD133, which was about 47% in untreated control cells, gradually decreased down to about 3% after 72 h in a time‐ and dose‐dependent manner. No relationship was observed between CD133 protein evaluated by flow cytometry and mRNA expression level, and no changes were detected in the methylation status of the CD133 gene promoter during HT29 differentiation. Moreover, the expression of the CD133 protein, evaluated by Western blot analysis using a specific anti‐CD133 antibody directed against the C‐terminal intracytoplasmic region of human CD133 protein, did not correlate with flow cytometry results. Different results were also obtained using the two antibodies to analyze the expression of the CD133 molecule in human colon cancers. These findings demonstrate that membrane expression of the CD133 stem cell marker might undergo a complex regulation during differentiation of colon cells and suggest that HT29 cells are a useful in vitro model to study the mechanisms involved in this regulation which likely occurs at a post‐transcriptional level. J. Cell. Physiol. 224:234–241, 2010 © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Ozonation of a mixture of dialkylphthalates in aqueous solution
Authors: Tay Kheng Soo , Abd Rahman Noorsaadah , Abas Mhd Radzi Bin 
Published: March 2010

AbstractOzonation of dimethyl phthalate, diethyl phthalate and dipropyl phthalate was carried out to evaluate the potential of ozonation for phthalate removal from water. Phthalates with longer alkyl chains, which are often more resistant to biodegradation were found to be more degradable than those with shorter alkyl chains. The degradation of phthalates by ozonation follows the pseudo‐first‐order kinetic model. The rate of phthalates degradation increased exponentially with increasing temperature in the range studied (20 to 50 °C) and in proportion with applied ozone dosages. The rate of phthalates degradation was found to increase with increasing pH of the solution from 2.6 to 11.0, and decreased exponentially with increasing initial concentrations of the phthalates. Degradation of phthalates via ozonation was found to develop dominantly through direct reaction with hydroxyl radicals. Copyright © 2010 Society of Chemical Industry
Effect of sonication assisted by titanium dioxide and ferrous ions on polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and toxicity removals from a petrochemical industry wastewater in Turkey
Authors: Sponza Delia Teresa , Oztekin Rukiye 
Published: March 2010

AbstractBACKGROUND: In Izmir (Turkey) polyaromatic hydracarbon (PAH) removal efficiencies are low in petrochemical industry aerobic biological wastewater treatment plants because bacteria are not able to overcome the inhibition of these toxic and refractory organics. In order to increase PAHs removal, sonication process was chosen among other advanced treatment processes include sonication processes. The effects of ambient conditions, increasing sonication time, sonication temperature, TiO2 and Fe+2 concentrations on sonication at a petrochemical industry wastewater treatment plant in Izmir (Turkey) was investigated in a 650 W sonicator, at a frequency of 35 kHz and a 500 mL glass reactor.RESULTS: Increasing the temperature improved PAH removal after 150 min sonication at 30 °C and 60 °C. The maximum total PAH removal efficiencies were the same in a reactor containing 20 mg L−1 TiO2 and in a TiO2‐free reactor at 30 °C and 60 °C after 150 min sonication. Maximum 91% and 97% total PAH removals were obtained in a control reactor and a reactor containing 20 mg L−1 Fe+2 at 30 °C and 60 °C, respectively, after 150 min sonication. The PAH concentration was toxic to Daphnia magna, so that the EC50 value decreased significantly from 342.56 ng mL−1 to EC50 = 9.88 ng mL−1 and to EC50 = 3.35 ng mL−1, at the lowest TiO2 (0.1 mg L−1) and Fe+2 (2 mg L−1) concentrations, respectively, after 150 min sonication at 30 °C.CONCLUSION: PAHs and the acute toxicity in a petrochemical industry wastewater were removed efficiently through sonication. Copyright © 2010 Society of Chemical Industry
Quantification, confirmation and screening capability of UHPLC coupled to triple quadrupole and hybrid quadrupole time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry in pesticide residue analysis
Authors: Grimalt Susana , Sancho Juan V. , Pozo Óscar J. , Hernández Félix 
Published: March 2010

AbstractThe potential of three mass spectrometry (MS) analyzers (triple quadrupole, QqQ; time of flight, TOF; and quadrupole time of flight, QTOF) has been investigated and compared for quantification, confirmation and screening purposes in pesticide residue analysis of fruit and vegetable samples. For this purpose, analytical methodology for multiresidue determination of 11 pesticides, taken as a model, has been developed and validated in nine food matrices for the three mass analyzers coupled to ultra high pressure liquid chromatography. In all cases, limits of quantification around 0.01 mg/kg were reached, fulfilling the most restrictive case of baby‐food analysis. Regarding absolute sensitivity, the lower limits of detection were obtained, as expected, for QqQ (100 fg), whereas slightly higher limits (300 fg) were obtained for both TOF and QTOF. Confirmative capacity of each analyzer was studied for each analyte based on the identification points (IPs) criterion, useful for a comprehensive comparison. QTOF mass analyzer showed the highest confirmatory capacity, although QqQ normally led to sufficient number of IPs, even at lower concentration levels. The potential of TOF MS was also investigated for screening purposes. To this aim, around 50 commercial fruits and vegetables samples were analyzed, searching for more than 400 pesticides. TOF MS proved to be an attractive analytical tool for rapid detection and reliable identification of a large number of pesticides thanks to the full spectrum acquisition at accurate mass with satisfactory sensitivity. This process is readily boosted when combined with specialized software packages, together with theoretical exact mass databases. Several pesticides (e.g. carbendazim in citrus and indoxacarb in grape) were detected in the samples. Further unequivocal confirmation of the identity was performed using reference standards and/or QTOF MS/MS experiments. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Structural identification of hindered amine light stabilisers in coil coatings using electrospray ionisation tandem mass spectrometry
Authors: Lowe Troy A. , Paine Martin R. L. , Marshall David L. , Hick Larry A. , Boge Jenny A. , Barker Philip J. , Blanksby Stephen J. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractHindered amine light stabilisers (HALS) are the most effective antioxidants currently available for polymer systems in post‐production, in‐service applications, yet the mechanism of their action is still not fully understood. Structural characterisation of HALS in polymer matrices, particularly the identification of structural modifications brought about by oxidative conditions, is critical to aid mechanistic understanding of the prophylactic effects of these molecules. In this work, electrospray ionisation tandem mass spectrometry (ESI‐MS/MS) was applied to the analysis of a suite of commercially available 2,2,6,6‐tetramethylpiperidine‐based HALS. Fragmentation mechanisms for the [M + H]+ ions are proposed, which provide a rationale for the product ions observed in the MS/MS and MS3 mass spectra of N‐H, N‐CH3, N‐C(O)CH3 and N‐OR containing HALS (where R is an alkyl substituent). A common product ion at m/z 123 was identified for the group of antioxidants containing N‐H, N‐CH3 or N‐C(O)CH3 functionality, and this product ion was employed in precursor ion scans on a triple quadrupole mass spectrometer to identify the HALS species present in a crude extract from of a polyester‐based coil coating. Using MS/MS, two degradation products were unambiguously identified. This technique provides a simple and selective approach to monitoring HALS structures within complex matrices. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Changes in temperature and precipitation extremes over the Indo‐Pacific region from 1971 to 2005
Authors: Caesar J. , Alexander L. V. , Trewin B. , Tse‐ring K. , Sorany L. , Vuniyayawa V. , Keosavang N. , Shimana A. , Htay M. M. , Karmacharya J. , Jayasinghearachchi D. A. , Sakkamart J. , Soares E. , Hung L. T. , Thuong L. T. , Hue C. T. , Dung N. T. T. , Hung P. V. , Cuong H. D. , Cuong N. M. , Sirabaha S. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractUp‐to‐date regional and local assessments of changing climate extremes are important to allow countries to make informed decisions on mitigation and adaptation strategies, and to put these changes into a global context. A workshop for countries from the Indo‐Pacific region has brought together daily observations from 13 countries for an analysis of climate extremes between 1971 and 2005. This paper makes use of the workshop outcomes and post‐workshop analyses to build on previous work in Southeast Asia to update the assessment of changing climate extremes using newly available station data. We utilise a consistent and widely tested methodology to allow a direct comparison of the results with those from other parts of the world. The relationship of inter‐annual variability in the climate extremes indices with sea surface temperature (SST) patterns has been investigated with a focus on the influence of the El Niño‐Southern Oscillation phenomenon. The results support findings from elsewhere around the globe that warm extremes, particularly at night, are increasing and cold extremes are decreasing. Trends in precipitation extremes are less spatially consistent across the region. © Royal Meteorological Society and Crown Copyright 2010.
Raman microspectrometric investigationof urea in calcite and gypsum powder matrices
Authors: Culka Adam , Jehlička Jan 
Published: March 2010

AbstractRaman microspectrometry was used for the nondestructive detection of urea in artificially prepared mineral matrices. Various concentrations of urea, a possible biomarker, mixed with calcite and gypsum powders were analyzed using the 514.5‐nm line of an argon laser. Two types of measurements were carried out: direct measurements of powders and analysis of the same mixtures through natural, transparent crystals of calcite and gypsum. The detection limit for urea in artificial powder mixtures was 1 wt% for both calcite and gypsum. In the case of measurements through the monocrystals, the detection limit was between 1 and 5 wt% for calcite and slightly above 5 wt% in the case of gypsum. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Retention of aroma compounds: an interlaboratory study on the effect of the composition of food matrices on thermodynamic parameters in comparison with water
Authors: Kopjar Mirela , Andriot Isabelle , Saint‐Eve Anne , Souchon Isabelle , Guichard Elisabeth 
Published: March 2010

AbstractBACKGROUND: Partition coefficients give an indication of the retention of aroma compounds by the food matrix. Data in the literature are obtained by various methods, under various conditions and expressed in various units, and it is thus difficult to compare the results. The aim of the present study was first to obtain gas/water and gas/matrix partition coefficients of selected aroma compounds, at different temperatures, in order to calculate thermodynamic parameters and second to compare the retention of these aroma compounds in different food matrices.RESULTS: Yogurts containing lipids and proteins induced a higher retention of aroma compounds than model gel matrices. The observed effects strongly depend on hydrophobicity of aroma compounds showing a retention for ethyl hexanoate and a salting out effect for ethyl acetate. A small but noticeable decrease in enthalpy of affinity is observed for ethyl butyrate and ethyl hexanoate between water and food matrices, suggesting that the energy needed for the volatilization is lower in matrices than in water.CONCLUSION: The composition and complexity of a food matrix influence gas/matrix partition coefficients or aroma compounds in function of their hydrophobicity and to a lower extent enthalpy of vaporization. Copyright © 2010 Society of Chemical Industry
Oxidation of diclofenac sodium by diperiodatoargantate(III) in aqueous alkaline medium and its determination in urine and blood by kinetic methods
Authors: Naik P. N. , Chimatadar S. A. , Nandibewoor S. T. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractThe kinetics and oxidation of diclofenac sodium (DFS) by diperiodatoargentate(III) (DPA) in alkaline medium at 298 K and at a constant ionic strength of 0.60 mol dm−3 were studied spectrophotometrically. The oxidation products were [2‐(2,6‐dicloro‐phynylamino)‐phenyl]‐methenol and Ag(I), identified by LC‐ESI‐MS and IR spectral studies. The reaction between DFS and DPA in alkaline medium exhibits 1:1 stoichiometry. The reaction is first order in [DPA] and has a less than unit order dependence each in [DFS] and [alkali]. Increasing concentrations of IO−4 retard the reaction. The active species of DPA proposed to be monoperiodatoargentate(III), and a mechanism is suggested. The rate constants involved in the different steps of the mechanism were determined and are discussed. The activation parameters with respect to a rate‐limiting step of the mechanism were determined. The thermodynamic quantities were also determined. Using the oxidation of DFS by DPA, DFS was analyzed by kinetic methods in urine and blood sample. The proposed method enables DFS analysis in the range from 5.0 × 10−5 to 5.0 × 10−3 mol dm−3. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Chem Kinet 42: 336–346, 2010
Facial synkinesis after experimental compression of the facial nerve comparing intratemporal and extratemporal lesions
Authors: Yamada Hiroyuki , Hato Naohito , Murakami Shingo , Honda Nobumitsu , Wakisaka Hiroyuki , Takahashi Hirotaka , Gyo Kiyofumi 
Published: March 2010

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:The anatomical configuration of the facial nerve differs greatly between the intratemporal and extratemporal portions. The purpose of this study was to investigate the incidence of facial synkinesis and misdirection on clamping the facial nerve at the intratemporal or extratemporal portion of the facial nerve in guinea pigs.Study Design:Experimental study.Methods:In 16 guinea pigs, the facial nerve was clamped with microsurgical needle forceps at either the extratemporal (group A) or intratemporal (group B) segment. Facial nerve function was evaluated 1 week postoperatively using electroneurography (ENoG), and the incidence of facial synkinesis was evaluated 15 weeks postoperatively using an evoked blink reflex test. Fifteen weeks postoperatively, two retrograde fluorescent tracers (Dil [1‐1′‐dioctodecyl‐3,3,3′,3′‐tetramethyl‐indocarbocyanine perchlorate] and True Blue) were injected into the facial muscles to observe reorganization of the facial nucleus.Results:No significant difference in the ENoG threshold was observed between groups A and B. In group A, none of the animals developed facial synkinesis and the somatotopic organization of the facial nucleus was not disturbed. In contrast, synkinesis occurred and the somatotopic organization was disturbed in group B.Conclusions:A lack of funicular structure within the intratemporal facial nerve increases the possibility of misdirected regenerating axons and synkinesis. Laryngoscope, 2010