bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ternary Complex Factors SAP-1 and Elk-1, but Not Net, Are Functionally Equivalent in Thymocyte Development
Authors: Costello Patrick , Nicolas Robert , Willoughby Jane , Wasylyk Bohdan , Nordheim Alfred , Treisman Richard 
Published: June 2010

Abstract
The ternary complex factors (TCFs; SAP-1, Elk-1, and Net) are serum response factor cofactors that share many functional properties and are coexpressed in many tissues. SAP-1, the predominant thymus TCF, is required for thymocyte positive selection. In this study, we assessed whether the different TCFs are functionally equivalent. Elk-1 deletion, but not the hypomorphic Netδ mutation, exacerbated the SAP-1 positive selection phenotype, but triply deficient thymocytes were no more defective than SAP-1−/− Elk-1−/− cells. Inactivation of the other TCFs did not affect SAP-1–independent processes, including β-selection, regulatory T cell selection, and negative selection, although reduced marginal zone B cells were observed in SAP-1−/− Elk-1−/− animals. Ectopic expression of Elk-1, but not Net, rescued positive selection of SAP-1−/− thymocytes; thus, SAP-1 and Elk-1 are functionally equivalent in this system, and the SAP-1 null selection phenotype reflects only its high expression in the thymus. Array analysis of TCR-stimulated double-positive cells identified SAP-1–dependent inducible genes whose transcription was further impaired in SAP-1−/− Elk-1−/− cells; thus, these genes, which include Egr-1 and Egr-2, represent candidate mediators of positive selection. Chromatin immunoprecipitation revealed subtly different promoter targeting between the different TCFs. Ectopic expression of Egr-1 restored positive selection in SAP-1 null thymocytes, establishing it (and possibly other Egr family members) as the major effector for ERK–SAP-1 signaling in thymocyte positive selection.
The Structure of the TNFRSF13C Promoter Enables Differential Expression of BAFF-R during B Cell Ontogeny and Terminal Differentiation
Authors: Mihalcik Stephen A. , Huddleston Paul M. , Wu Xiaosheng , Jelinek Diane F. 
Published: June 2010

Abstract
The B cell-activating factor of the TNF family receptor (BAFF-R), encoded by the TNFRSF13C gene, is critically important for transitional B cell survival to maturity. Thus, ligation of BAFF-R by BAFF delivers a potent survival signal. Reports implicating the BAFF/BAFF-R signaling axis in the pathogenesis of autoimmune human diseases and B lineage malignancies have largely prompted studies focusing on BAFF expression; however, there is an equally critical need to better understand BAFF-R expression. Initial BAFF-R expression, although characterized in murine B cells, has not yet been reported in human B lymphopoiesis. In this study, we first demonstrate that BAFF-R expression is absent from early precursors and is acquired by bone marrow B cells newly expressing the BCR. We next focused on identifying the specific genomic region that controls BAFF-R expression in mature B cells (i.e., the TNFRSF13C promoter). To accomplish this, we used in silico tools examining interspecies genomic conservation in conjunction with reporter constructs transfected into malignant B and plasma cell lines. DNase protection assays using nuclear extracts from BAFF-R–expressing cells suggested potential regulatory sites, which allowed the generation of EMSA probes that bound NFs specific to BAFF-R–expressing cells. With a more stringent analysis of interspecies homology, these assays identified a site at which a single nucleotide substitution could distinctly impact promoter activity. Finally, chromatin immunoprecipitation assays revealed the in vivo binding of the specific transcription factor c-Rel to the most proximal genomic region, and c-Rel small interfering RNA transfections in BAFF-R–expressing lines demonstrated a coincident knockdown of both c-Rel and BAFF-R mRNA.
Genetics of Athletic Performance
Authors: Yu Bing , Trent Ronald J 
Published: June 2010

AbstractAthletic ability is considered to be a complex genetic trait involving the interaction of genes with the environment. An understanding of the genetics of human performance is being sought in a number of research studies using laboratory and computer‐based strategies. Ultimately, an in‐depth understanding of how genes influence human performance has potential for use in talent search programmes and perhaps predicting those who might be predisposed to particular injuries. Many genes have now been identified through association studies to have a possible role in athletic performance but most remain to be confirmed through functional studies. Interest is also moving to novel modes of genetic inheritance including epigenetics and copy number variations. Despite being at the beginning of our understanding of how heritable factors influence athletic performance, there is considerable optimism that the newly developed genomic technologies will identify important genes.Key Concepts:Athletic performance is a complex trait involving the contribution of many genes and environmental factors as well as yet to be defined gene–gene and gene–environment interactions.Genetic association studies are used for gene discovery of complex traits. However, this approach is limiting in terms of identifying small multiple effects or the environmental components.Although current knowledge of the genetics of athletic performance is in its infancy, a number of genes are starting to provide insight into molecular mechanisms likely to be involved in athletic performance.
Electronic Contact Deposition onto Organic Molecular Monolayers: Can We Detect Metal Penetration?
Authors: Shpaisman Hagay , Har‐Lavan Rotem , Stein Nir , Yaffe Omer , Korobko Roman , Seitz Oliver , Vilan Ayelet , Cahen David 
Published: June 2010

AbstractUsing a semiconductor as the substrate to a molecular organic layer, penetration of metal contacts can be clearly identified by the study of electronic charge transport through the layer. A series of monolayers of saturated hydrocarbon molecules with varying lengths is assembled on Si or GaAs and the junctions resulting after further electronic contact is made by liquid Hg, indirect metal evaporation, and a “ready‐made” metal pad are measured. In contrast to tunneling characteristics, which are ambiguous regarding contact penetration, the semiconductor surface barrier is very sensitive to any direct contact with a metal. With the organic monolayer intact, a metal–insulator–semiconductor (MIS) structure results. If metal penetrated the monolayer, the junction behaves as a metal–semiconductor (MS) structure. By comparing a molecule‐free interface (MS junction) with a molecularly modified one (presumably MIS), possible metal penetration is identified. The major indicators are the semiconductor electronic transport barrier height, extracted from the junction transport characteristics, and the photovoltage. The approach does not require a series of different monolayers and data analysis is quite straightforward, helping to identify non‐invasive ways to make electronic contact to soft matter.
Design of Biomolecular Interfaces Using Liquid Crystals Containing Oligomeric Ethylene Glycol
Authors: Yang Zhongqiang , Gupta Jugal K. , Kishimoto Kenji , Shoji Yoshiko , Kato Takashi , Abbott Nicholas L. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractAn investigation of nematic liquid crystals (LCs) formed from miscible mixtures of 4‐cyano‐4′‐pentylbiphenyl (5CB) and 2‐(2‐[2‐{2‐(2,3‐difluoro‐4‐{4‐(4‐trans‐pentylcyclohexyl)‐phenyl‐phenoxy)ethoxy}ethoxy]ethoxy)ethanol (EG4‐LC) is reported, the latter being a mesogen with a tetra(ethylene glycol) tail. Quantitative characterization of the ordering of this LC mixture at biologically relevant aqueous interfaces reveals that addition of EG4‐LC (1%–5% by weight) to 5CB causes a continuous transition in the ordering of the LC from a planar (pure 5CB) to a perpendicular (homeotropic) orientation. The homeotropic ordering is also seen in aqueous dispersions of micrometer‐sized droplets of the LC mixture, which exhibit enhanced stability against coalescence. These observations and others, all of which suggest partitioning of the EG4‐LC from the bulk of the LC to its aqueous interface, are complemented by measurements of the adsorption of bovine serum albumin to the aqueous–LC interface. Overall, the results demonstrate a general and facile approach to the design of LCs with interfaces that present biologically relevant chemical functional groups, assume well‐defined orientations at aqueous interfaces, and lower non‐specific protein adsorption. The bulk of the LC serves as a reservoir of EG4‐LC, thus permitting easy preparation of these interfaces and the potential for spontaneous repair of the EG4‐decorated interfaces during contact with biological systems.
Eleven years of occupational mortality in law enforcement: The census of fatal occupational injuries, 1992–2002
Authors: Tiesman Hope M. , Hendricks Scott A. , Bell Jennifer L. , Amandus Harlan A. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractBackgroundOccupational injury deaths remain high for Law Enforcement Officers (LEOs). This study describes and compares intentional and transportation‐related fatality rates in US LEOs between 1992 and 2002.MethodsWorkplace injury deaths among LEOs from 1992 to 2002 were categorized into “Intentional,” “Transportation‐related,” and “Other,” using the Census of Fatal Occupational Injuries. Occupations included in this analysis were sheriffs and bailiffs, police and detectives, non‐public service guards, and correctional officers. Fatality rates were compared among law enforcement occupations, cause of death, and demographics with rate ratios and 95% confidence intervals.ResultsDuring the 11‐year period, 2,280 workers died from an occupational injury, for a fatality rate of 11.8 per 100,000 across all LEO occupations. Forty‐seven percent were homicides (n = 1,072, rate 5.6 per 100,000), 36% transportation‐related (n = 815, rate 4.2 per 100,000), 11% were due to other causes (n = 249, rate 1.3 per 100,000), and 5% were workplace suicides (n = 122, rate 0.6 per 100,000). The proportion of fatalities by cause of death differed significantly between occupations (P < 0.0001). Sheriffs and bailiffs experience a high risk for occupational injury death compared to other law enforcement occupations. Of the transportation‐related fatalities, LEOs were operating a motor‐vehicle in 58% of the incidents and 22% of the fatalities were struck by incidents.ConclusionsTransportation‐related deaths were nearly as common as homicides as a cause of occupational injury death among US LEOs. Struck by vehicle incidents remain an important and overlooked cause of death. This research points to opportunities for the prevention of transportation‐related deaths in law enforcement. Am. J. Ind. Med. 53:940–949, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Artificial liver devices: A chemical engineering analysis
Authors: Annesini M. C. , Piemonte V. , Turchetti L. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractAll the most widely used liver support devices implement the same elementary unit operations, mainly membrane separation and adsorption, to remove albumin‐bound toxins. Mathematical modeling of these operations is a well‐consolidated knowledge of chemical engineering, and the evaluation of the performance of these apparatus can be confidently carried out once equilibrium conditions and transport phenomena kinetics are known. In this work, a device‐focused analysis of liver support devices is presented, with the aim of providing a framework for the quantitative and semiquantitative assessment of their performance. The analysis is based on simple mathematical models of the single unit operations implemented in the detoxification processes. A preliminary validation of the models against data obtained during a clinical molecular adsorbent recirculating system (MARS) session, and referring to bilirubin detoxification was performed; the results showed that the models used are consistent and possess a very good order‐of‐magnitude prediction capability. Copyright © 2010 Curtin University of Technology and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A comparison of citer and citation‐based measure outcomes for multiple disciplines
Authors: Ajiferuke Isola , Lu Kun , Wolfram Dietmar 
Published: June 2010

AbstractAuthor research impact was examined based on citer analysis (the number of citers as opposed to the number of citations) for 90 highly cited authors grouped into three broad subject areas. Citer‐based outcome measures were also compared with more traditional citation‐based measures for levels of association. The authors found that there are significant differences in citer‐based outcomes among the three broad subject areas examined and that there is a high degree of correlation between citer and citation‐based measures for all measures compared, except for two outcomes calculated for the social sciences. Citer‐based measures do produce slightly different rankings of authors based on citer counts when compared to more traditional citation counts. Examples are provided. Citation measures may not adequately address the influence, or reach, of an author because citations usually do not address the origin of the citation beyond self‐citations.
Genetic risk factors for nonsyndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate in a Mesoamerican population: Evidence for IRF6 and variants at 8q24 and 10q25
Authors: Rojas‐Martinez Augusto , Reutter Heiko , Chacon‐Camacho Oscar , Leon‐Cachon Rafael B. R. , Munoz‐Jimenez Sergio G. , Nowak Stefanie , Becker Jessica , Herberz Ruth , Ludwig Kerstin U. , Paredes‐Zenteno Mario , Arizpe‐Cantú Abelardo , Raeder Susanne , Herms Stefan , Ortiz‐Lopez Rocio , Knapp Michael , Hoffmann Per , Nöthen Markus M. , Mangold Elisabeth 
Published: June 2010

AbstractINTRODUCTION: Nonsyndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate (NSCL/P) is one of the most common of all birth defects. NSCL/P has a multifactorial etiology that includes both genetic and environmental factors. The IRF6 gene and three further susceptibility loci at 8q24, 10q25, and 17q22, which were identified by a recent genome‐wide association scan (GWAS), are confirmed genetic risk factors for NSCL/P in patients of European descent. METHODS: A case‐control association study was performed to investigate whether these four risk loci contribute to NSCL/P in a Mesoamerican population using four single nucleotide polymorphisms to represent IRF6 and the three novel susceptibility loci. A total of 149 NSCL/P patients and 303 controls of Mayan origin were included. RESULTS: Single marker analysis revealed a significant association between NSCL/P and risk variants in IRF6 and the 8q24 and 10q25 loci. In contrast to previous findings, the association at the 8q24 locus was driven solely by homozygote carriers of the risk allele. This suggests that this locus might act in a recessive manner in the Mayan population. No evidence for association was found at the 17q22 locus. This may have been attributable to the limited power of the sample. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that IRF6 and the 10q25 and 8q24 loci confer a risk for the development of NSCL/P in persons of Mayan origin. Birth Defects Research (Part A), 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
ChemInform Abstract: Electronic Structure of La—Ba—Cu—O Superconductors.
Authors: Breza Martin 
Published: June 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Chemical Vapor Transport of Solid Solutions. Part 3. Chemical Transport of MnO/ZnO, FeO/ZnO, and CoO/ZnO Mixed Crystals.
Authors: Locmelis S. , Binnewies M. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Phase Relations in the NbO2—MnO System.
Authors: Mar'evich V. P. , Chumarev V. M. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Structure and Physicochemical Properties of Y2Ba1‐xMxCuO5(M: Sr, Ca) Solid Solutions.
Authors: Klyndyuk A. I. , Petrov G. S. , Poluyan A. F. , Bashkirov L. A. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: D‐Glucose‐Based Azacrown Ethers with a Phosphonoalkyl Side Chain: Application as Enantioselective Phase Transfer Catalysts.
Authors: Bako Peter , Novak Tibor , Ludanyi Krisztina , Pete Bela , Toke Laszlo , Keglevich Gyoergy 
Published: June 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: The Catalytic Activity of New Chiral Salen Complexes Immobilized on MCM‐41 by Multistep Grafting in the Asymmetric Epoxidation.
Authors: Kim Geon‐Joong , Shin Ji‐Hoon 
Published: June 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Novel Axial Chiral Sulfur‐oxazoline Ligands with a Biphenyl Backbone.
Authors: Imai Yoshitane , Zhang Wanbin , Kida Toshiyuki , Nakatsuji Yohji , Ikeda Isao 
Published: June 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Chiral Epoxides from Aldehydes Using Sulfur Ylide Derived from Reduced Product of Baker′s Yeast Reduction.
Authors: Hayakawa Ryuuichirou , Shimizu Makoto 
Published: June 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: New Non‐C2‐Symmetric Phosphine‐Phosphonites as Ligands in Asymmetric Metal Catalysis.
Authors: Reetz Manfred T. , Gosberg Andreas 
Published: June 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: A New Stereoselective Approach to β‐Hydroxy‐α‐aminoacids and Dipeptides.
Authors: Di Felice Pina , Porzi Gianni , Sandri Sergio 
Published: June 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Creation of a Synthetically Useful Lipase with Higher Than Wild‐Type Enantioselectivity and Maintained Catalytic Activity.
Authors: Holmquist Mats , Berglund Per 
Published: June 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Inverse Demand [4 + 2] Cycloaddition Reactions of Allenamides: Reactivity Scopes of an Electron Deficient Variant of Allenamines.
Authors: Wei Lin‐Li , Xiong Hui , Douglas Christopher J. , Hsung Richard P. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Solid—Liquid Phase Transfer Catalytic Method for the Preparation of Acyclic and Cyclic Ketene Acetals.
Authors: Zheng Qi‐Huang , Su Jing 
Published: June 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Spherical and Aspherical Intermolecular Force Fields for Sulfur Allotropes.
Authors: Abraha Aron , Williams Donald E. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: A Mixed Transition Metal Molybdate, β‐(Co0.7Fe0.3)MoO4.
Authors: Ehrenberg Helmut , Svoboda Ingrid , Wiesmann Marc , Weitzel Hans 
Published: June 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Zinc Cadmium Thiocyanate (ZCTC).
Authors: Tian Yu‐Peng , Yu Wen‐Tao , Fang Qi , Wang Xin‐Qiang , Yuan Duo‐Rong , Xu Dong , Jiang Min‐Hua 
Published: June 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Strontium Polyphosphates — β‐ and γ‐Sr(PO3)2.
Authors: Graia Mohsen , Driss Ahmed , Jouini Tahar 
Published: June 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Ba2GaH(P2O7)2.
Authors: Hsu Kuei‐Fang , Wang Sue‐Lein 
Published: June 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.