bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of nuchal translucency measurements obtained using Volume NTTM and two‐ and three‐dimensional ultrasound
Authors: Cho H. Y. , Kwon J.‐Y. , Kim Y. H. , Lee K. H. , Kim J. , Kim S. Y. , Park Y. W. 
Published: March 2011

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the feasibility of Volume NTTM, a new technique that automatically archives mid‐sagittal plane views and measures the maximum nuchal translucency (NT) thickness, by comparing its measurements with those made with conventional two‐ (2D) and three‐dimensional (3D) techniques.MethodsThis was a prospective study of 130 singleton pregnancies undergoing NT screening at 11 + 0 to 13 + 6 weeks of gestation. Fetuses with enlarged NT or multiple anomalies and those in the prone position were excluded. Success rate of NT measurement was assessed using Volume NTTM, 2D and 3D techniques. In cases in which all three techniques were successful, intra‐ and interobserver bias and levels of agreement for NT measurements within and between techniques were evaluated using Bland–Altman plots.ResultsOf 130 cases enrolled into the study, 16 were excluded from analysis due to enlarged NT (n = 3), prone position (n = 2) or missing data (n = 11). Among the 114 cases analyzed, NT measurement was successful by the conventional 2D method in 95.6% (109/114) of cases and by 3D and Volume NTTM measurements in 103 and 93 cases, respectively. Success rate was not significantly different between methods. In 89 cases, NT values were available using all three methods. Among them, mean ± SD 2D‐NT was 1.3 ± 0.4 mm, 3D‐NT was 1.2 ± 0.4 mm and Volume NTTM was 1.3 ± 0.4 mm. The mean differences of the intra‐ and interobserver variability of each method were not significantly different from zero for each method.ConclusionsVolume NTTM, a novel technique for automated NT measurement, is apparently reproducible and comparable with conventional 2D and 3D ultrasound techniques for NT measurement. Copyright © 2012 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Standardization of fetal ultrasound biometry measurements: improving the quality and consistency of measurements
Authors: Sarris I. , Ioannou C. , Dighe M. , Mitidieri A. , Oberto M. , Qingqing W. , Shah J. , Sohoni S. , Al Zidjali W. , Hoch L. , Altman D. G. , Papageorghiou A. T. ,   for the International Fetal and Newborn Growth Consortium for the 21 Century (INTERGROWTH‐21st)
Published: March 2011

AbstractObjectiveTo assess whether a standardization exercise prior to commencing a fetal growth study involving multiple sonographers can reduce interobserver variation.MethodsIn preparation for an international study assessing fetal growth, nine experienced sonographers from eight countries participated in a standardization exercise consisting of theoretical and practical sessions. Each performed a set of seven standard fetal measurements on pregnant volunteers at 20–37 weeks' gestation, and these were repeated by the lead sonographer; all measurements were taken in a blinded fashion. After this the sonographers had hands‐on practice and feedback sessions on other volunteers. This process was repeated three times. Measurement differences between sonographers and the lead sonographer, expressed as a gestational‐age‐specific Z‐score, between the first and third scans were compared using the Wilcoxon signed ranks test, and variance was assessed using Pitman's test. Interobserver agreement was also assessed using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), and all images were scored for quality in a blinded fashion.ResultsAt baseline the level of agreement and image scoring were high. A significant reduction in the differences between sonographers and the lead sonographer were seen for fetal biometry overall (head circumference, abdominal circumference and femur length) between the first and third scans (median Z‐scores, 0.46 and 0.24; P = 0.005), and a reduction in the variance was also observed (P < 0.001). The ICCs for measurement pairs for every fetal measurement showed a clear trend of increasing ICC (better agreement) with consecutive training scan sessions, although no improvement in image scores was seen.ConclusionEven for experienced sonographers, a standardization exercise before starting a study of fetal biometry can improve consistency of measurements. This could be of relevance for studies assessing fetal growth in multicenter sites. Copyright © 2011 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Dietary fish oil and curcumin combine to modulate colonic cytokinetics and gene expression in dextran sodium sulphate-treated mice
Authors: Jia Qian , Ivanov Ivan , Zlatev Zlatomir Z. , Alaniz Robert C. , Weeks Brad R. , Callaway Evelyn S. , Goldsby Jennifer S. , Davidson Laurie A. , Fan Yang-Yi , Zhou Lan , Lupton Joanne R. , McMurray David N. , Chapkin Robert S. 
Published: March 2011

Both fish oil (FO) and curcumin have potential as anti-tumour and anti-inflammatory agents. To further explore their combined effects on dextran sodium sulphate (DSS)-induced colitis, C57BL/6 mice were randomised to four diets (2 × 2 design) differing in fatty acid content with or without curcumin supplementation (FO, FO+2 % curcumin, maize oil (control, MO) or MO+2 % curcumin). Mice were exposed to one or two cycles of DSS in the drinking-water to induce either acute or chronic intestinal inflammation, respectively. FO-fed mice exposed to the single-cycle DSS treatment exhibited the highest mortality (40 %, seventeen of forty-three) compared with MO with the lowest mortality (3 %, one of twenty-nine) (P = 0·0008). Addition of curcumin to MO increased (P = 0·003) mortality to 37 % compared with the control. Consistent with animal survival data, following the one- or two-cycle DSS treatment, both dietary FO and curcumin promoted mucosal injury/ulceration compared with MO. In contrast, compared with other diets, combined FO and curcumin feeding enhanced the resolution of chronic inflammation and suppressed (P < 0·05) a key inflammatory mediator, NF-κB, in the colon mucosa. Mucosal microarray analysis revealed that dietary FO, curcumin and FO plus curcumin combination differentially modulated the expression of genes induced by DSS treatment. These results suggest that dietary lipids and curcumin interact to regulate mucosal homeostasis and the resolution of chronic inflammation in the colon.
Art. XII.—The Mohammedan Law of Evidence, and its influence on the Administration of Justice in India
Authors: Baillie N. B. E. 
Published: March 2011

This subject is of some importance to persons who are resident in Mussulman countries, or our dominions in India, and a brief exposition of it may not be out of place in the Society's Journal.Evidence is based on testimony, and testimony may be either direct to the point at issue, or to collateral circumstances from which the point at issue may be reasonably inferred. It were, perhaps, more correct to say, that in the latter case testimony is the channel through which evidence is conveyed to the minds of those who have to decide upon it, while in the former case it is the evidence itself. Under the most common systems of jurisprudence testimony of both kinds is received, and the judge is left free to form his own opinion from all the circumstances as detailed by the witnesses. Under other systems, while testimony is equally free, the decision upon it is committed to a separate tribunal, such as a jury. Under both systems there is, perhaps, an inclination to treat testimony, even when direct, as a mere channel of communication, and to take the fact asserted by the witness, entirely stripped of his opinion.
Art. VII.—Notes on Persian Belúchistán. From the Persian of Mirza Mehdy Khán. Published Teheran, July, 1875
Authors: Schindler A. H. 
Published: March 2011

The part of Belúchistán now under Persian rule is bounded upon the north by Seistán, upon the east by Panjgúr and Kej, upon the south by the Indian Ocean, and upon the west by Núrámshír, Rúdbár, and the Báshákerd mountains.This country enjoys a variety of climates; almost unbearable heat exists on the Mekrán coast, we find a temperate climate on the hill slopes and on the slightly raised plains as at Duzek and Bampúr, and a cool climate in the mountainous districts Serhad and Bazmán. The heat at Jálq is said to be so intense in summer that the gazelles lie down exhausted in the plains, and let themselves be taken by the people without any trouble.
Art. II.—A Dialogue on the Vedantic Conception of Brahma
Authors: Mittra Pramadá Dása 
Published: March 2011

European Scholar.—Is the Grod of the Vedántin a conscious or an unconscious being ?Pandit.—Your question rendered into Sanskrit would indeed startle a Vedántin, who would consider it an insult offered to his philosophy of pure spiritualism.
Art. XII.—Identification of the “False Dawn” of the Muslims with the “Zodiacal Light” of Europeans
Authors: Redhouse J. W. 
Published: March 2011

In a paper read before the Royal Asiatic Society in the spring of 1877, and printed in the tenth volume, new series (p. 344), of its Journal, a suggestion was made that the natural phenomenon known to Muslims of every clime as the “False Dawn” was no other than what is known in Europe by the name of “The Zodiacal Light.”Through the liberality of the Society's rule by which a certain number of copies are furnished to the writers of papers printed in its Journal, this subject was brought to the notice of several of our most talented astronomers, in the hope that they might adopt a method of authoritatively settling the question, which is not only interesting to Orientalists as one of lexicology, but also to the astronomical world as involving a point in the archæology of their special science.
Art. XX.—Buddhist Nirvāna, and the Noble Eightfold Path
Authors: Frankfurter Oscar 
Published: March 2011

The following three Pāli suttas strictly bear on the much-diputed question of the Buddist Nirvāna, and I trust they will, as far as Southern Buddhism is concered, help to finally settle the question.The suttas are taken from the Saṁyutta Nikāya, and form respectively the 4th, 5th, and 9th part of the SaỊāyatanavagg0, which itself forms the fourth part of the Saṁyutta Nikāya.
Art. XX.—Further Note on the Apology of Al-Kindy
Authors: Muir W. 
Published: March 2011

With reference to my paper on the Apology of Al-Kindy, I have received the following letter from Professor Ignatius Guidi, dated Rome, 24th February:—“You will he glad to hear that in the Propaganda Library (Museo Borgiani) I found a MS. of the Apology of Al-Kindî, together with the letter of his Moslem friend. The amanuensis was, I think, a Jacobite (the MS. is written in Karshuni character), hence he says (page 5, line 18 of the printed text):The Roman MS. is apparently of the same family with the Paris MS. as described by Zotenberg, Catalogue des MSS. Syriaques de la Biblioth. Nationale, Nos. 204, 205.”
XXVII. Note on Musalman Coins Collected by Mr. G. P. Tate in Seistan
Authors: Codrington O. 
Published: March 2011

The following coins were sent by Mr. Tate, together with those described by Professor Rapson in the preceding article:—Khalif coins of Taimarah mint are rare, but one of the year 94 is given in Tiesenhausen, No. 402.
XXIII. Une Inscription Du Yunnan (Mission D'ollone) Traduite Par M. Chavannes and Errata
Authors: Farjenel Fernand 
Published: March 2011

Le commandant d'Ollone a rapporté de sa dernière mission scientifique diverses inscriptions chinoises qui peuvent fournir d'utiles indications sur l'histoire des régions du sud-ouest de la Chine.Plusieurs de ces inscriptions ont été publiées dans le Journal Asiatique de Paris de Juillet-Août, 1909, traduites et commentées par M. Chavannes, professeur au Collège de France et membre de l'Académie des Inscriptions et Belles lettres.
XIII. Iranian Manuscripts in the Library of the India Office
Authors: Dhalla M. N. 
Published: March 2011

29·8×23·7 cm.Fols. 246, marked in Gujarati.19 lines to a page.Rubrics in Guj. in an upturned script.Catchwords at the bottom of the pages on the righthand side.No colophon, but on fol. 246 the year 804 A.Y. (=1435 A.D.) is inserted by a later hand. A short postscript in Guj. on the last page states that this Vendidād with Yasna and Visperad is 300 or 350 years old.
XXV. Nouveaux Fragments de la Collection Stein
Authors: de la Vallée Poussin Louis 
Published: March 2011

Ch. 00262, papier. Comprend—1. Fragment d’un recueil de Śikṣās, folios numeratés (coll. Stein) 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, qui sont 90, 91, 92,93, et 44,45. 159–60 mm.; 4 lignes, belle écriture.—Voir les Sekhiyas et Mahāvyutpatti, 263.
XXI. Examples of Tibetan Seals: Supplementary Note
Authors: Walsh E. H. 
Published: March 2011

In my paper on Tibetan Seals in the last number of this Journal (JRAS., 1915, p. 1) I regret that, owing to there not being time for a second revision of the proof, on account of my being in India, there are certain misprints, which I correct below.For 'abar in line 6 of the inscription of the seal on p. 7, read hbar.For the top word of the third column of the seal on p. 8, read.For the second word in the same column, read For the bottom word in the sixth column of the above seal, read
XXIII. Jāḥiẓ of Baṣra to al-Fatḥ ibn Khāqān on the “Exploits of the Turks and the Army of the Khalifate in general”
Authors: Walker C. T. Harley 
Published: March 2011

The treatise of Jāḥiẓ, of which a translation is given in the following pages, was published at Leyden in 1903 by Brill. The editor was Van Vloten. But he died before completing the work; it was continued and sent to the press by de Goeje. Since then another edition has appeared at Cairo from the “Maẓba'a al-Taqaddum” by Muḥammad Effendi al-Sāsy al-Maghriby. I have used the Cairene edition for my translation. In the Leyden edition there are two other opuscula (rasā'il) besides the one translated here, namely those entitled “The Boast of Black People over White” and “The forming of Squares and Circles”. In the Cairene edition there are eleven rasā'il in all, including the three of the Leyden edition, the titles of the remainder being as follows:—The Envious Man and the Object of his Envy.The Superiority of Speech to Silence.The Praise of Merchants and the Blame of the Work of Government. Love and Women. Keeping One's Promise.Exposition of the Practices of the “Faction”. Gradations of the Competent.
IV. Yasna XXXII, 9–15, in its Indian Equivalents
Authors: Mills Lawrence 
Published: March 2011

9. Duḥ-(-ś-)-śastiḥ (-r asmākaṃ) śravāṅsi mṛdnāt svaḥ (saḥ, sa) jīvātoḥ, (tasya) śāsanaiḥ(-s), sva-śaṅsanaiḥ, kratum;(b) apa mama *iṣṭim (?) 2 *iṣṭi-(?)-(-dravṇaḥ-(-o-)-vedatām)(apa-)yaṃtā((-ā-)asti(-y), āsīt, kila,(-ā-) asmākaṃ. draviṇaḥ(-o) vedam apayayāma), bhrājasvatīṃ (?) satyām *iṣṭim ((?) aiśya*-raivatya-vedatāṃ) vasoḥ(-or) mánasaḥ(-a), (kila (-ar-) ṛtāvanaḥ (-no vasumanasvataḥ(-s))),(c) téna (-o-) ukténa manyoḥ, (-or) ātmanaḥ(-s) mama tubhyaṃ, súmedhaḥ, (-a) ṛtāya ca, yuṣmabhyaṃ, yuvābhyāṃ (?), garhe.
II. Yasna XLVII of the Gāthā(-a) Speñtāmainyu rendered in its Sakskrit equivalents
Authors: Professor Mills  
Published: March 2011

Ahura is besought to send Success and Immortality, to the Representative Saint among His People, through His Holy Spirit and Its practical Influence.1. Śvāntena, kila puṇyena, manyuna, vasiṣṭhena ca manasā,(b) sacā ṛtāt(-te) cyautnenaca vacasā ca (-ā-)(c) asmai dhuḥ(-r) (dāt) sarvatātī(-y-)-amṛtatve(d) sumedhāḥ kṣatreṇa-(-ā-)-aramatī(-y) asuraḥ.Ahura is besought to work out this Blest Result by Means of Personal Propagation and the Gāthic Hymns sung widely, and through the Organized Devoted Labour of Aramaiti—He is thus the Father of His Saint (inspired by Asha Archangel of the Law).
The Dual Authorship of the Kavya-prakasa
Authors: Divekar H. R. 
Published: March 2011

It is, I believe, familiar knowledge that the work on Rhetoric called Kāvya-prakāśa was composed by two authors, Mammaṭa and Alaka or Alaṭa. The traditional verse quoted by Rājānaka Ānanda, in his commentary entitled Kāvya-prakāśa-nidarśanā—informs us that Mammaṭa wrote the work as far as Parikara, and the rest was completed by Alaka. Sanskrit scholars therefore inferred that “about a third of the last chapter on Figures of Speech, or roughly speaking a tenth of the whole work, was written by Alaka, i.e. from the second half of the 118th, verse onwards”. But the reference to the joint authorship of the seventh Ullāsa by Arjunavarmadeva has given rise to the question whether “Alaka had a hand not only in the tenth, but also in the seventh chapter”. An attempt is made in the present article to examine the question and to arrive, if possible, at some definite conclusion in the matter.
Errata
Authors: Krenkow F. 
Published: March 2011

I wish to correct the following errors in the last two quarterly issues of JRAS.:—October, 1920, pp. 535–63.The interesting account of Mr. Ivanow about the manuscripts preserved at the shrine of Imām Rizā (Riḍā) at Meshhed contains many entries from which it is far from clear what works are meant, but the following corrections may elucidate some obscure places:—p. 543. No. 286 is the well-known work of Murtaḍā lithographed in Ṭeherān, and in a more accessible edition, Cairo, 1325 A.H. (four volumes).p. 549. No. 13. Insān al-'Uyūn is correct; it is a well-known biography of the prophet, and the remainder should read Noe. 38–9. . No doubt the Constantinople print 1286 a.h. (in four volumes). No. 41. No doubt the work of Qazwīnī.p. 550. Nos. 47–8. . Probably the Cairo edition of 1283 a.h.p. 551. No. 71. . The history of Maḥmūd of Ghazna.p. 554. No. 10. .p. 555. No. 80. .p. 556. No. 125. .There are many other titles of books which by careful scrutiny could be identified, but the whole library appears to be very disappointing when compared with the libraries in Constantinople.January, 1921, pp. 121 ff.p. 121, 6a, read p. 122, 33b, read 105a, read p. 123, 224b, read p. 123, 224b, read p. 124, 226a, read In several cases the vowels have been placed a trifle sideways from the consonants, but this should be no impediment to students.
Further Arabic Inscriptions on Textiles (III)
Authors: Guest A. R. 
Published: March 2011

The preceding article of this series is in the Journal for 1923, p. 406. Mr. H. A. Elsberg of New York has kindly supplied photographs and descriptions of the following Fatimid pieces in his collection and authorized their publication, and Mr. S. Flury has been so good as to give assistance in the decipherment of the inscriptions:—No. 1. Collection No. 1356.
XVIII. The Pahlavi Text of Yasna LXXI (Sp. LXX), 1–38, for the first time critically treated.
Authors: Mills Lawrence 
Published: March 2011

Frašoštar, the holy, asked of Zartūšt, the saint: give me the answer, (O thou) foremost Zartūšt (most pre-eminent in authority and initiative), [that is to say, before this Dēn, O Zartūšt, thou didst come:—(2) Which is the full recital of the liturgies ? which is the summarised-celebration of the Gāθas ? (3) Thereupon said Zartūšt: to Aūharmazd, the Holy Chief of A(r)ša (as the Ritual), do I sacrifice.
An Important Interpretation in the Rāma-carita-Mānasa Regarding its Date
Authors: Gupta Mata Prasad 
Published: March 2011

The verses that give the date of composition of the poem are the 34th and 35th dohās of the Bālakāṇḍa in Rāmadāsa Gaur's edition, and may be translated as follows:—“Having so removed all doubts,And having placed on my head the pollen-dust of my master's lotus-feet,I again pray to all with joined palmsThat I may not be blamed as I make this Tale.
Masterpieces of Oriental Art. 6
Authors: Gordine Dora 
Published: March 2011

This small head is one of the world's supreme masterpieces, A exhibiting all the qualities of the greatest sculpture.The face is wistful. A faint smile plays almost imperceptibly round the curves of the mouth, the nostrils, and the languid eyes. So sensitive is the modelling that the very flesh appears to vibrate under the skin, and the eyes seem liquid and alive. The technique is detailed enough to bring out the profound individuality of the Egyptian queen, but it does not mar the bland unity of the whole, planes flowing one into another with unbroken continuity.
Sanskrit jenya
Authors: Thomas F. W. 
Published: March 2011

This Ṛg-vedic word, for which Grassmann's Wörterbuch proffers the meanings—1. “noble,” “of high origin (Abkunft)”;2. (of goods, possessions) “fine”, “excellent”recurs in the Sāma-veda and in the Kāṣhaka-saṃhitā and Maitrāyaṅī- s. of the Black Yajur-veda, but only in two passages taken verbatim from the Rv., viz. Vi.42.4 = Sv. II.6.3.2.4, and V, 1, 5 = Ks. XVI, 3, XIX, 4, Ms. II.7.3. In the other Vedic texts, in the Nirukta, in Pāṇini's Aṣṭādhyāyi and its commentaries, in the Gaṇa-pāṭha, the Uṇādi lists and in the whole subsequent independent literature it seems to be uninstanced. The Ṛg-veda commentaries, which could not fail to interpret it, propound meanings for the most part different from those adopted by Grassmann.
A Muslim Tombstone from Paphos
Authors: Megaw A. H. S. 
Published: March 2011

Mr. ST. H. STEPHAN began to study this monument but died before he had finished the work. He made the following acknowledgments:—“I have to thank the Director of Antiquities, Cyprus, Mr. A. H. S. Megaw, and Mr. Loizos Philippou, Hon. Curator of the Paphos District Museum for information and kind permission to publish this article. My thanks are also due to Mr. P. Dikaios, Curator of the Cyprus Museum, to Miss A. Paschalidou, Keeper of the photographic records in the Department, and to the Librarian, Mr. D. Daniel.”
Masterpieces of Oriental Art. 16: Late Mauryan or Early Śuṅga Ring-stones
Authors: Irwin John 
Published: March 2011

A carved ring-stone and fragment of a second similar stone, both probably of the late Mauryan or early Śuṅga period, are among minor antiquities of exceptional interest recently acquired by the Indian Section, Victoria and Albert Museum, from the collection of Colonel D. H. Gordon, D.S.O., O.B.E. Both pieces were bought some years ago by Colonel Gordon from a local dealer in the Taxila area. Their special interest derives not only from fineness of craftsmanship but also from the fact that their use has remained an archæological problem for more than seventy years. A full description follows:—A. Ring-stone: greyish-buff sandstone, highly polished. Carved in low relief, the upper surface having two concentric cableedged bands filled with cross-and-reel motives (slightly pyramidal); the sides of the hole with four standing female nudes alternating with four flowering trees. The base and outer sides are left plain.Outer diameter, 3·37 inches. Inner diameter, 1·06 inches. Depth, 1 inch. Weight, 8¾ ounces.B. Fragment of ring-stone: pinkish-buff sandstone, highly polished. Carved in slightly deeper relief, the upper surface decoration being identical with A. A similar standing female nude appears on the side of the hole, but beside her, instead of a flowering tree, there is an Indian “honeysuckle” motive, partly visible. The base and outer side are left plain.The following measurements are based on a reconstruction of the complete ring. Outer diameter, 3·37 inches. Inner diameter, 0·84 inches. Depth, 0·75 inches.
An Old Imperial “Sanad” relating to Rāisinā or New Delhi
Authors: Nath Reu Sāhityāchārya Pt. Bisheshwar 
Published: March 2011

This “Sanad” had been issued in favour of Mahārājā Bijaysingh of Mārwār by the Mughal Emperor Shāh 'Ālam II of Delhi on the 9th Jumāda-ul-ākhir of the 17th year of his reign.Emperor Shāh 'Ālam II, whose original name was 'Ālīgauhar, was son of Emperor 'Ālamgīr II.