bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Adessive Case in Polish: A Cognitive Perspective On Some Locative Prepositions
Authors: Kokorniak Iwona 
Published: October 2009

The Adessive Case in Polish: A Cognitive Perspective On Some Locative Prepositions
The aim of this paper is to show that what is considered in Polish as one heterogeneous LOCATIVE case in the "formal" approach only on the surface seems rather complex and appears to lack any natural order. Due to the limited size of the paper, focus will be laid only on one locative case, the ADESSIVE, representing the static external locative, expressing different aspects of a relationship outside an entity and describing the "location ‘on top of’ or ‘near’, ‘owner’ or ‘instrument’ by means of which an action is performed" (Karlsson 1999: 115). It has no single linguistic equivalent in Polish; instead it is represented by several prepositions, such as na + LOC ‘on’, przy + LOC ‘by’ and u + GEN ‘at’, etc., reflecting different aspects of proximity and coincidence in space. Taking just the case of the ADESSIVE relation, data observations based on the IPI PAN Corpus of Polish allow us to claim that although each preposition is responsible for a different aspect of the external spatial relation, they complement one another and are related in a family resemblance fashion, expressing an adessive relation.
Transport modelling and monitoring research use for efficiency assessment of vertical barrier surrounding old sanitary landfill
Authors: Koda Eugeniusz , Wiencław Edward , Martelli Livio 
Published: October 2009

Transport modelling and monitoring research use for efficiency assessment of vertical barrier surrounding old sanitary landfill
The paper describes the results of numerical modelling of pollution transport and groundwater quality monitoring for the old sanitary landfill where advanced protection system have been introduced. The protection system consists of the vertical bentonite barrier and peripheral leachate drainage. The GMS/FEMWATER numerical program has been used for groundwater flow and transport simulation. The local monitoring program includes chemical analyses of leachates, surface and groundwater as well as groundwater level observations. The modelling and monitoring results were aimed at the assessment of the vertical barrier effectiveness of groundwater protection in landfill surroundings. These analyses were performed for Radiowo landfill located nearby Warsaw. This object has been existing since 1962, and the permission for its exploitation was extended to the end of the year 2009. Remedial works of the landfill has been conducted since 1998 and they includes: the vertical bentonite barrier, the leachates drainage system, the leachate re-circulation system, the mineral cover, the degassing system as well as the regulation of water relations in surroundings. The influence of remedial works on the groundwater quality on landfill surroundings has also been analysed in the paper.
Surface wind speed probability distribution in the Southeast Pacific of Marine Stratus and Stratocumulus regions
Authors: He Yanping 
Published: October 2009

Abstract
Probability distributions of surface wind speeds (SWS) near coastal regions are needed for applications such as estimating offshore wind power and ocean surface fluxes and for offshore wind risk assessments. Ocean surface wind speed probability distribution (PDF) is characterized using three-year QuikSCAT and AIRS satellite observations in the southeast Pacific of marine stratus and stratocumulus (MSC) regions. Seasonal variation is removed from wind statistics. It was found that the observed SWS standard deviation has a linear positive relationship with its mean SWS; while the SWS skewness decreases with mean SWS in regimes of strong winds and increases with mean SWS in regimes of weak winds. A simple 1D conceptual model is developed near the Peruvian region, which successfully reproduces the observed relationship between higher moments of SWS and its mean value. The model based physical picture among ocean surface winds, SST, and marine boundary clouds are supported by three-year QuikSCAT surface wind observations and fifteen-year ERA40 re-analysis data. Model sensitive tests suggest that large-scale divergence, and strengths of momentum and cloud fluctuations have significant effects on the ocean SWS-PDF in marine stratus and stratocumulus regions.
Status of the Gannet Morus bassanus in the Black Sea region (E Bulgaria)
Authors: Boev Zlatozar 
Published: October 2009

Status of the Gannet Morus bassanus in the Black Sea region (E Bulgaria)
The Gannet Morus bassanus is a rare vagrant species in the Black Sea region (E Bulgaria). There are altogether 9 records of Gannet in Bulgaria over the last 100 years, all on the Black Sea coast. This paper describes the three most recent records. On 29-31 July 2008 6 individuals were observed in the vicinity of St. Constantine and Elena Resort (12 km north of the town of Varna, Varna Region, NE Bulgaria). Gannets were fishing by numerous (typical) dives, accompanied by a flock of Cormorants Phalacrocorax carbo and Yellow-legged Gulls Larus michahellis. A review of all the species' records in Bulgaria, as well as the subfossil records in the Black Sea region is given.
Charles Crussard's early contributions: Recrystallization in situ and a Grain Boundary study with J. Friedel and B. Cullity
Authors: Hardouin Duparc Olivier 
Published: October 2009

Abstract
Charles Crussard's discovery of what he called Recrystallization in situ in 1944 is compared with what Egon Orowan and Robert Cahn named Polygonization. The context of the previous research is recalled in order to show the novelty of these contributions. Progress in accurate deformation and observation techniques such as tensile machines and X-ray methods were important, as were theoretical models about plausible microscopic mechanisms. With Jacques Friedel and Barney Cullity, Ch. Crussard also wrote a pioneering article on grain boundaries, which contains an experimental study of the relative energies of both symmetrical and asymmetrical grain boundaries observed in aluminium together with the first atomistic calculation of energies of symmetrical low and high angle tilt boundaries in several metals. This less well-known contribution is also recalled.
The interplay between grain boundaries and disclinations in condensed matter physics
Authors: Kleman Maurice 
Published: October 2009

Abstract
The concept of grain boundary, much studied for its relationship with dislocation motion in plastic deformation, is here developed and associated with that of disclination. After defining a disclination in terms of a Volterra process, we investigate the nature of the interplay between both, with application to two cases: i) in polycrystals the triple junctions result from the stress free merging of disclinations bordering the incident grain boundaries; the plastic properties of nanocrystals, which cannot be attributed directly to dislocations, are related to these disclinations; ii) in lamellar liquid crystalline phases grain boundaries are often the place not only of dislocations, but also of focal conic domains, a stunning disclination system described by G. Friedel one hundred years ago.
On the high-temperature oxidation of MCrAlY coatings
Authors: Sloof W. G. , Nijdam T. J. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractIn this review, recent progress in understanding the short- and long-term oxidation behaviour of MCrAlY coatings and the instruments that can be employed to influence the oxidation behaviour of the MCrAlY's are discussed. Particular attention is given on the transient oxidation behaviour, the initial distribution of the Y in the oxide scale and how these initial oxide products influence the long-term oxide growth rate and adhesion of the oxide scale. It is shown that the growth kinetics and adhesion of the oxide scale are to a large extent determined by the amount and distribution of Y-oxide inclusions in the scale. Oxide scales with a regularly distributed and larger amount of small Y-oxide inclusions are faster growing, but perform better in thermal cycle tests. Transient oxide products like metastable aluminas (γ- or θ-Al2O3) and spinels do not have a large influence on long-term oxidation behaviour except when the oxide scale is virtually free of Y-oxide inclusions due to Y depletion. Then, the nucleation of metastable aluminas at the onset of oxidation may be beneficial due to a slower-growing alumina scale with a larger grain size after transformation into α-Al2O3. Spinel oxides are considered detrimental for long-term oxidation performance, but their amount is usually limited on most types of MCrAlY coatings due to the rapid supply of Al along the numerous grain and phase boundaries in the fine-grained coatings. The key instruments that can be employed to manipulate the oxidation behaviour of MCrAlY coatings are: (i) the composition and size of the main phases in the coating (γ-Ni and β-NiAl), (ii) the initial distribution, chemical state (metallic or oxidized) and reservoir of the Y in the coating, (iii) the composition and roughness at the coating surface, and (iv) the oxidation conditions during post-deposition heat treatment (temperature, time, partial oxygen pressure).
Low-temperature gaseous surface hardening of stainless steel: the current status
Authors: Christiansen Thomas L. , Somers Marcel A. J. 
Published: October 2009

Abstract
The present review addresses the state of the art of low-temperature gaseous surface engineering of (austenitic) stainless steel and is largely based on the authors' own work in the last 10 years. The main purpose of low temperature gaseous surface engineering of stainless steel is to develop a hardened case at the surface, while maintaining the superior corrosion performance. This can be achieved by dissolving colossal amounts of nitrogen and/or carbon without forming nitrides and/or carbides, thus developing so-called expanded austenite. The present work gives an overview over results obtained on homogeneous expanded austenite and covers the crystallography for nitrogen- and carbon-stabilised expanded austenite, the solubility for nitrogen and carbon, the diffusion of these interstitials as well as the stability of expanded austenite with respect to nitride and carbide formation. Subsequently, the fundamental understanding acquired on homogeneous samples is applied to understand the morphology, composition, and residual stress distribution in functionally graded material, as obtained by nitriding, carburising or nitrocarburising of austenitic stainless steel. Thereafter, aspects of modelling the compositional changes occurring during nitriding are addressed. The overview summarises with an outlook towards future scientific challenges.
Application of intraoperative high-field magnetic resonance imaging in pediatric neurosurgery
Authors: Levy Ron , Cox Robin G. , Hader Walter J. , Myles Terry , Sutherland Garnette R. , Hamilton Mark G. 
Published: October 2009

Object
Over the past decade, the use of intraoperative MR (iMR) imaging in the pediatric neurosurgical population has become increasingly accepted as an innovative and important neurosurgical tool. The authors summarize their experience using a mobile 1.5-T iMR imaging unit with integrated neuronavigation with the goal of identifying procedures and/or pathologies in which the application of this technology changed the course of surgery or modified the operative strategy.

Methods
A database has been prospectively maintained for this patient population. The authors reviewed the hospital charts and imaging results for all patients in the database. This review revealed 105 neurosurgical procedures performed in 98 children (49 male and 49 female) between March 1998 and April 2008. Intradissection (ID) and/or quality assurance images were obtained at the discretion of the surgeon.

Results
The median age at surgery was 12 years (4 months–18 years). One hundred intracranial and 5 spinal procedures were performed; 22 of these procedures were performed for recurrent pathology. Surgical planning scans were obtained for 102 procedures, and neuronavigation was used in 93 patients. The greatest impact of iMR imaging was apparent in the 55 procedures to resect neoplastic lesions; ID scans were obtained in 49 of these procedures. Further surgery was performed in 49% of the procedures during which ID scans had been obtained. A smaller proportion of ID scans in the different cranial pathology groups (5 of 21 epilepsy cases, 4 of 9 vascular cases) resulted in further resections to meet the surgical goal of the surgeon. Two ID scans obtained during 5 procedures for the treatment of spinal disease did not lead to any change in surgery. Postoperative scans did not reveal any acute adverse events. There was 1 intraoperative adverse event in which a Greenberg retractor was inadvertently left on during ID scanning but was removed after the scout scans.

Conclusions
The application of iMR imaging in the pediatric neurosurgical population allows, at minimum, the opportunity to perform less invasive surgical exposures. Its potential is greatest when its high-quality imaging ability is coupled with its superior neuronavigation capabilities, which permits tracking of the extent of resection of intracranial tumors and, to a lesser extent, other lesions during the surgical procedure.
A modified far-lateral approach for large or giant meningiomas of the posterior fossa
Authors: Sanai Nader , McDermott Michael W. 
Published: October 2009

Object
Resecting large meningiomas along the posterior fossa convexity or cerebellopontine angle (CPA) through a suboccipital approach can be challenging. Limitations include a restricted angle of view, high venous pressures, and suboptimal brain relaxation. While a far-lateral craniotomy is a viable alternative, the risks associated with condylar resection are undesirable.

Methods
The authors retrospectively evaluated a modified far-lateral approach in a consecutive series of 12 patients with large or giant posterior fossa convexity and CPA meningiomas. This approach incorporates transverse-sigmoid sinus exposure and C-1 laminectomy, but there is no condylar resection.

Results
Between January 2006 and February 2008, 12 patients (mean age 52 years) presented with large or giant meningiomas of the posterior fossa convexity or CPA. The mean tumor volume was 72.6 cm3 (range 8–131 cm3). Signs and symptoms at presentation included headache (in 8 patients), cranial neuropathy (in 4), and progressive hemiparesis (in 4). There were no operative complications, and the majority of patients (9) had Simpson Grade I or II resections. There were no new permanent neurological deficits following resection, although 2 patients (17%) had transient deficits. The mean modified Rankin score decreased from 2.2 preoperatively to 0.6 postoperatively.

Conclusions
A modified far-lateral approach to the posterior fossa and CPA allows for safe, and often total, resection of large meningiomas with minimal morbidity. While avoiding the risks of condylar resection, this microsurgical strategy allows for greater field of view, minimal venous bleeding, and immediate access to the spinal subarachnoid space.
Pressure autoregulation, intracranial pressure, and brain tissue oxygenation in children with severe traumatic brain injury
Authors: Figaji Anthony A. , Zwane Eugene , Fieggen A. Graham , Argent Andrew C. , Le Roux Peter D. , Siesjo Peter , Peter Jonathan C. 
Published: October 2009

Object
Cerebral pressure autoregulation is an important neuroprotective mechanism that stabilizes cerebral blood flow when blood pressure (BP) changes. In this study the authors examined the association between autoregulation and clinical factors, BP, intracranial pressure (ICP), brain tissue oxygen tension (PbtO2), and outcome after pediatric severe traumatic brain injury (TBI). In particular we examined how the status of autoregulation influenced the effect of BP changes on ICP and PbtO2.

Methods
In this prospective observational study, 52 autoregulation tests were performed in 24 patients with severe TBI. The patients had a mean age of 6.3 ± 3.2 years, and a postresuscitation Glasgow Coma Scale score of 6 (range 3–8). All patients underwent continuous ICP and PbtO2 monitoring, and transcranial Doppler ultrasonography was used to examine the autoregulatory index (ARI) based on blood flow velocity of the middle cerebral artery after increasing mean arterial pressure by 20% of the baseline value. Impaired autoregulation was defined as an ARI < 0.4 and intact autoregulation as an ARI ≥ 0.4. The relationships between autoregulation (measured as both a continuous and dichotomous variable), outcome, and clinical and physiological variables were examined using multiple logistic regression analysis.

Results
Autoregulation was impaired (ARI < 0.4) in 29% of patients (7 patients). The initial Glasgow Coma Scale score was significantly associated with the ARI (p = 0.02, r = 0.32) but no other clinical factors were associated with autoregulation status. Baseline values at the time of testing for ICP, PbtO2, the ratio of PbtO2/PaO2, mean arterial pressure, and middle cerebral artery blood flow velocity were similar in the patients with impaired or intact autoregulation. There was an inverse relationship between ARI (continuous and dichotomous) with a change in ICP (continuous ARI, p = 0.005; dichotomous ARI, p = 0.02); that is, ICP increased with the BP increase when ARI was low (weak autoregulation). The ARI (continuous and dichotomous) was also inversely associated with a change in PbtO2 (continuous ARI, p = 0.002; dichotomous ARI, p = 0.02). The PbtO2 increased when BP was increased in most patients, even when the ARI was relatively high (stronger autoregulation), but the magnitude of this response was still associated with the ARI. There was no relationship between the ARI and outcome.

Conclusions
These data demonstrate the influence of the strength of autoregulation on the response of ICP and PbtO2 to BP changes and the variability of this response between individuals. The findings suggest that autoregulation testing may assist clinical decision-making in pediatric severe TBI and help better define optimal BP or cerebral perfusion pressure targets for individual patients.
Lumbosacral degenerative stenosis in the dog
Authors: Beosier Y. , Daems R. , Janssens L. 
Published: October 2009

SummaryThirty-eight dogs with Hansen type II lumbosacral disc protrusion were treated with epidural infiltration of methylprednisolone acetate between the seventh lumbar vertebra and the sacrum. Epidural infiltration was carried out under C-arm fluoroscopic guidance at standardised intervals for the first three treatments and later on demand. Retrospective evaluation by owner questionnaire found that 79% of the animals were considered to have improved, and 53% were totally cured. Epidural infiltration with methylprednisolone acetate has a clinical outcome comparable to decompressive surgery and can be safely used as a less invasive alternative.
Carpal arthrodesis in cats
Authors: Farrell M. , Chase D. , Aisa J. , Rayward R. , Carmichael S. , Calvo I. 
Published: October 2009

SummaryPancarpal and partial carpal arthrodesis were performed in 22 carpi (20 cats) using various surgical methods. Short and longterm outcomes were assessed using a retrospective review of the case notes and via owner questionnaires. Carpal arthrodesis was associated with complications that did not affect the functional outcome, and in most cases, did not necessitate major revision surgery. Following arthrodesis, the cats did not jump as high, and showed a reduction in their willingness to jump and climb. Based on our results, carpal arthrodesis is a suitable salvage surgery to treat severe carpal injuries in the cat.
Spinal kinematics in horses with induced back pain
Authors: Gómez Álvarez C. B. , Meulenbelt R. , Johnston C. , van Weeren P. R. , Roethlisberger-Holm K. , Drevemo S. , Wennerstrand J. 
Published: October 2009

SummaryBack problems are important contributors to poor performance in sport horses. It has been shown that kinematic analysis can differentiate horses with back problems from asymptomatic horses. The underlying mechanism can, however, only be identified in a uniform, experimental setting.Our aim was to determine if induction of back pain in a well-defined site would result in a consistent change in back movement.Back kinematics were recorded at a walk and trot on a treadmill. Unilateral back pain was then induced by injecting lactic acid into the left longissimus dorsi muscle. Additional measurements were done subsequent to the injections. Data were captured during steady state locomotion at 240 Hz using an infraredbased gait analysis system.After the injections, the caudal thoracic back was more extended at both gaits. The back was also bent more to the left at both gaits. However, at the walk, there was a reversed pattern after a week with bending of the back to the unaffected side.Horses with identical back injuries appear to show similar changes in their back kinematics, as compared to the asymptomatic condition. Unilateral back pain seems to result in an increased extension of the back, as well as compensatory lateral movements.Back movements are complex and subtle, and changes are difficult to detect with the human eye. Present-day gait analysis systems can identify changes in the back movement, and knowledge of the relationship between such changes and the site of injury will be of help in better localising and diagnosing disorders of the equine back.
Diagnostic value of ultrasonography to assess stifle lesions in dogs after cranial cruciate ligament rupture : 13 cases
Authors: Cauvin E. , Viguier E. , Kraft E. , Sonet J. , Carozzo C. , Arnault F. 
Published: October 2009

SummaryThe objective of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of ultrasonographic diagnosis of lesions in the canine stifle associated with cranial cruciate ligament rupture. Thirteen dogs that had a diagnosis of cranial cruciate ligament rupture were included in this prospective clinical study. Two ultrasonographers who were unaware of specific historical and clinical data performed the sonography with a high frequency (8–16 MHz) linear transducer. Surgical treatment of the affected stifle was performed within two days of ultrasonography by a surgeon who was unaware of the ultrasonographic findings. The lesions observed during ultrasonography and arthrotomy were compared at the completion of the study. Visualisation of the superficial tendons (quadriceps and long digital extensor) and ligaments (patellar ligament, collateral ligaments) of the stifle using ultrasonography was excellent. However, the detection of deep stifle ligaments (cranial cruciate ligament and caudal cruciate ligament) was extremely difficult to perform using ultrasonography. For cranial cruciate ligament rupture, the sensitivity for ultrasonographic diagnosis was 15.4%. For meniscal lesions, the sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values for ultrasonographic diagnosis were 82%, 93%, 90% and 88% respectively. High frequency ultrasonography is a non-invasive method for accurately and efficiently detecting superficial ligaments, tendons and meniscal lesions associated with cranial cruciate ligament rupture in the stifle of non-sedated dogs