bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ηand dexterities assessment in stroke patients based on augmented reality and machine learning through a box and block test
Authors: Papagiannis Georgios , Triantafyllou Αthanasios , Yiannopoulou Konstantina G. , Georgoudis George , Kyriakidou Maria , Gkrilias Panagiotis , Skouras Apostolos Z. , Bega Xhoi , Stasinopoulos Dimitrios , Matsopoulos George , Syringas Pantelis , Tselikas Nikolaos , Zestas Orestis , Potsika Vassiliki , Pardalis Athanasios , Papaioannou Christoforos , Protopappas Vasilios , Malizos Nikolas , Tachos Nikolaos , Fotiadis Dimitrios I. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractA popular and widely suggested measure for assessing unilateral hand motor skills in stroke patients is the box and block test (BBT). Our study aimed to create an augmented reality enhanced version of the BBT (AR-BBT) and evaluate its correlation to the original BBT for stroke patients. Following G-power analysis, clinical examination, and inclusion–exclusion criteria, 31 stroke patients were included in this study. AR-BBT was developed using the Open Source Computer Vision Library (OpenCV). The MediaPipe's hand tracking library uses a palm and a hand landmark machine learning model to detect and track hands. A computer and a depth camera were employed in the clinical evaluation of AR-BBT following the principles of traditional BBT. A strong correlation was achieved between the number of blocks moved in the BBT and the AR-BBT on the hemiplegic side (Pearson correlation = 0.918) and a positive statistically significant correlation (p = 0.000008). The conventional BBT is currently the preferred assessment method. However, our approach offers an advantage, as it suggests that an AR-BBT solution could remotely monitor the assessment of a home-based rehabilitation program and provide additional hand kinematic information for hand dexterities in AR environment conditions. Furthermore, it employs minimal hardware equipment.
Uncertainty quantification in multivariable regression for material property prediction with Bayesian neural networks
Authors: Li Longze , Chang Jiang , Vakanski Aleksandar , Wang Yachun , Yao Tiankai , Xian Min 
Published: May 2024

AbstractWith the increased use of data-driven approaches and machine learning-based methods in material science, the importance of reliable uncertainty quantification (UQ) of the predicted variables for informed decision-making cannot be overstated. UQ in material property prediction poses unique challenges, including multi-scale and multi-physics nature of materials, intricate interactions between numerous factors, limited availability of large curated datasets, etc. In this work, we introduce a physics-informed Bayesian Neural Networks (BNNs) approach for UQ, which integrates knowledge from governing laws in materials to guide the models toward physically consistent predictions. To evaluate the approach, we present case studies for predicting the creep rupture life of steel alloys. Experimental validation with three datasets of creep tests demonstrates that this method produces point predictions and uncertainty estimations that are competitive or exceed the performance of conventional UQ methods such as Gaussian Process Regression. Additionally, we evaluate the suitability of employing UQ in an active learning scenario and report competitive performance. The most promising framework for creep life prediction is BNNs based on Markov Chain Monte Carlo approximation of the posterior distribution of network parameters, as it provided more reliable results in comparison to BNNs based on variational inference approximation or related NNs with probabilistic outputs.
Novel design of cryptographic architecture of nanorouter using quantum-dot cellular automata nanotechnology
Authors: Kassa Sankit , Das Jadav Chandra , Lamba Vijay , De Debashis , Debnath Bikash , Mallik Saurav , Shah Mohd Asif 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe article introduces a revolutionary Nanorouter structure, which is a crucial component in the Nano communication regime. To complete the connection, many key properties of Nanorouters are investigated and merged. QCA circuits with better speed and reduced power dissipation aid in meeting internet standards. Cryptography based on QCA design methodologies is a novel concept in digital circuit design. Data security in nano-communication is crucial in data transmission and reception; hence, cryptographic approaches are necessary. The data entering the input line is encrypted by an encoder, and then sent to the designated output line, where it is decoded and transferred. The Nanorouter is offered as a data path selector, and the proposed study analyses the cell count of QCA and the circuit delay. In this manuscript, novel designs of (4:1)) Mux and (1:4) Demux designs are utilized to implement the proposed nanorouter design. The proposed (4:1) Mux design requires 3–5% fewer cell counts and 20–25% fewer area, and the propsoed (1:4) Demux designs require 75–80% fewer cell counts and 90–95% fewer area compared to their latest counterparts. The QCAPro utility is used to analyse the power consumption of several components that make up the router. QCADesigner 2.0.3 is used to validate the simulation results and output validity.
Democratising complex system modelling
Authors: Pardi Anabele-Linda , Burina Elizaveta 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIn the contemporary context of an acute need for sustainability and swift response to imminent crises such as global warming, pandemics and economic system disruptions, the focus on responsible decision making, ethical risk assessment and mitigation at all organizational levels is an overarching goal. Our aim is to introduce a deterministic method for investigating the stability of complex systems, in order to find the most important elements of such systems and their impact on different scenarios. The novelty of the current approach lies in its compact format and intuitive nature, designed to accommodate a limited amount of computational resources. The proposed modelling method involves the mapping of complex systems from a diversity of disciplines (economic markets, resource management domain and the community impact of suburbanisation) onto a sequence of chemical reactions and involving a subsequent mathematical analysis. Mapping the results back onto the use cases shows that one can retrieve a considerable amount of detail, making the modelling strategy general enough to be adaptable and scalable while also detailed enough to provide valuable insights for practical scenarios.
Isotherm-kinetic equilibrium investigations on absorption remediation potential for COD and ammoniacal nitrogen from leachate by the utilization of paper waste sludge as an eco-friendly composite filler
Authors: Detho Amir , Kadir Aeslina Abdul , Rassem Hesham Hussein 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe paper industry is a major environmental polluter due to paper waste sludge (PWS), often disposed of in hazardous ways. The techniques are employed to disposing of PWS are posing significant environmental hazards and risks to well-being. This study aims to evaluate PWS as a potential replacement for commercial adsorbents like AC and ZEO in treating stabilized leachate. Contact angle analysis of PWS was 92.60°, reveals that PWS to be hydrophobic. Batch adsorption experiments were conducted with parameters set at 200 rpm stirring speed, 120 min contact time, and pH 7. Optimal conditions for COD and NH3–N removal were identified at 120 min contact time, 200 rpm stirring speed, pH 7, and 2.0 g PWS ratio. Removal percentages for COD and NH3–N were 62% and 52%, respectively. Based on the results of the isotherm and kinetic studies, it was observed that the Langmuir and Pseudo second order (PSO) model exhibited greater suitability compared to the Freundlich and Pseudo first order (PFO) model, as indicated by higher values of R-squared (R2). The R-squared of Langmuir for COD and NH3–N were 0.9949 and 0.9919 and for Freundlich model were 0.9855 and 0.9828 respectively. Whereas the R-squared of PFO for COD and NH3–N were 0.9875 and 0.8883 and for PSO were 0.9987 and 0.9909 respectively.
Serum iron level is independently associated with sarcopenia: a retrospective study
Authors: Huang Meiying , Xu Bingqing , Xu Yihui , Zhang Kaiyu , Zhu Wenyu , Lian Xiaoyi , Chen Zhe , Wang Minhong , Liu Lei , Guo Zhengli 
Published: May 2024

AbstractSarcopenia greatly reduces the quality of life of the elderly, and iron metabolism plays an important role in muscle loss. This study aimed to investigate the association between iron status and sarcopenia. A total of 286 adult patients hospitalized between 2019 and 2021 were included in this study, of which 117 were diagnosed with sarcopenia. Serum iron, total iron binding capacity (TIBC), transferrin, and transferrin saturation levels were compared between groups with and without sarcopenia and were included in the logistic analyses, with significant variables further included in the logistic regression model for the prediction of sarcopenia. Serum iron, TIBC, and transferrin levels decreased significantly in the sarcopenia group (p < 0.05), and were negatively associated with handgrip strength, relative skeletal muscle index, and multiple test performances (p < 0.05). Multivariate logistic analysis showed that sex, age, body mass index (BMI), and serum iron level were independent risk factors for sarcopenia. In the final logistic regression model, male sex (odds ratio [OR] 3.65, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.67–7.98), age > 65 years (OR 5.40, 95% CI 2.25–12.95), BMI < 24 kg/m2 (OR 0.17, 95% CI 0.08–0.36), and serum iron < 10.95 μmol/L (OR 0.39, 95% CI 0.16–0.93) were included. Our study supported the impact of iron metabolism on muscle strength and performance.
Construction of ceRNA regulatory networks for active pulmonary tuberculosis
Authors: Li Qifeng , Xin Tao , Liu Zhigang , Wang Quan , Ma Lanhong 
Published: May 2024

AbstractDelayed diagnosis in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) often leads to serious public health problems. High throughput sequencing was used to determine the expression levels of lncRNAs, mRNAs, and miRNAs in the lesions and adjacent health lung tissues of patients with PTB. Their differential expression profiles between the two groups were compared, and 146 DElncRs, 447 DEmRs, and 29 DEmiRs were obtained between lesions and adjacent health tissues in patients with PTB. Enrichment analysis for mRNAs showed that they were mainly involved in Th1, Th2, and Th17 cell differentiation. The lncRNAs, mRNAs with target relationship with miRNAs were predicted respectively, and correlation analysis was performed. The ceRNA regulatory network was obtained by comparing with the differentially expressed transcripts (DElncRs, DEmRs, DEmiRs), then 2 lncRNAs mediated ceRNA networks were established. The expression of genes within the network was verified by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). Flow cytometric analysis revealed that the proportion of Th1 cells and Th17 cells was lower in PTB than in controls, while the proportion of Th2 cells increased. Our results provide rich transcriptome data for a deeper investigation of PTB. The ceRNA regulatory network we obtained may be instructive for the diagnosis and treatment of PTB.
Recycled melanoma-secreted melanosomes regulate tumor-associated macrophage diversification
Authors: Parikh Roma , Parikh Shivang , Berzin Daniella , Vaknine Hananya , Ovadia Shai , Likonen Daniela , Greenberger Shoshana , Scope Alon , Elgavish Sharona , Nevo Yuval , Plaschkes Inbar , Nizri Eran , Kobiler Oren , Maliah Avishai , Zaremba Laureen , Mohan Vishnu , Sagi Irit , Ashery-Padan Ruth , Carmi Yaron , Luxenburg Chen , Hoheisel Jörg D , Khaled Mehdi , Levesque Mitchell P , Levy Carmit 
Published: May 2024

AbstractExtracellular vesicles (EVs) are important mediators of communication between cells. Here, we reveal a new mode of intercellular communication by melanosomes, large EVs secreted by melanocytes for melanin transport. Unlike small EVs, which are disintegrated within the receiver cell, melanosomes stay intact within them, gain a unique protein signature, and can then be further transferred to another cell as “second-hand” EVs. We show that melanoma-secreted melanosomes passaged through epidermal keratinocytes or dermal fibroblasts can be further engulfed by resident macrophages. This process leads to macrophage polarization into pro-tumor or pro-immune cell infiltration phenotypes. Melanosomes that are transferred through fibroblasts can carry AKT1, which induces VEGF secretion from macrophages in an mTOR-dependent manner, promoting angiogenesis and metastasis in vivo. In melanoma patients, macrophages that are co-localized with AKT1 are correlated with disease aggressiveness, and immunotherapy non-responders are enriched in macrophages containing melanosome markers. Our findings suggest that interactions mediated by second-hand extracellular vesicles contribute to the formation of the metastatic niche, and that blocking the melanosome cues of macrophage diversification could be helpful in halting melanoma progression.
Mutational robustness and the role of buffer genes in evolvability
Authors: Tawfeeq Mohammed T , Voordeckers Karin , van den Berg Pieter , Govers Sander K , Michiels Jan , Verstrepen Kevin J 
Published: May 2024

AbstractOrganisms rely on mutations to fuel adaptive evolution. However, many mutations impose a negative effect on fitness. Cells may have therefore evolved mechanisms that affect the phenotypic effects of mutations, thus conferring mutational robustness. Specifically, so-called buffer genes are hypothesized to interact directly or indirectly with genetic variation and reduce its effect on fitness. Environmental or genetic perturbations can change the interaction between buffer genes and genetic variation, thereby unmasking the genetic variation’s phenotypic effects and thus providing a source of variation for natural selection to act on. This review provides an overview of our understanding of mutational robustness and buffer genes, with the chaperone gene HSP90 as a key example. It discusses whether buffer genes merely affect standing variation or also interact with de novo mutations, how mutational robustness could influence evolution, and whether mutational robustness might be an evolved trait or rather a mere side-effect of complex genetic interactions.
A broken debris cascade as a possible source of hot dust emission in transitioning planet-forming disks
Authors: Swinkels N. , Dominik C. 
Published: May 2024

Context. Planet-forming disks go from gas-rich, massive disks made of dust and gas into planetary systems containing only small amounts dust. This dust is produced by collisions between smaller planetary objects, such as planetesimals, asteroids, and comets. Traditionally, we talk about protoplanetary (age ~1 Myr), transitional (~5-10 Myr), and debris disks (~10-hundreds of Myr) even though the overlap between these phases may be relevant.
Aims. We aim to show that in the transition phase of a disk, when the gas surface densities are reduced but not yet negligible, a seemingly small amount of collisional activity may lead to the production of dust on a level that is observationally relevant by creating regions characterised by an optical depth of 1 or above. In particular, we aim to show that the hot dust emission component of transitional disks may in fact be debris dust that has been produced in such collisions.
Methods. We developed an analytical model to derive the conditions in which observationally relevant amounts of dust can be produced. We focussed on the effect of the gas surface density during the transition phase of a disk from fully gas-dominated to the gas-poor debris stage.
Results. We show that the decrease in the gas surface density has an important effect. It allows for smaller planetesimals to become collisional, initiating a cascade. At the same time, small particles are not destroyed by collisions. This interrupted cascade is critical in terms of preserving the produced dust for significant time intervals, allowing for a seemingly minor amount of planetesimal collisions to be effective in producing detectable amounts of dust.
Conclusions. The warm emission of low amounts of dust in many transitional planet-forming disks might be caused entirely by second-generation dust, exposing planetary material at a much earlier time than the age that debris disks have traditionally been characterised by.
Schulterschmerzen im Wandel? Psychosoziale Faktoren vor und nach
operativen Eingriffen
Authors: Kalmring Matthias 
Published: May 2024

ZusammenfassungNeben biomechanischen wurden psychosoziale Einflüsse auf muskuloskelettale
Beschwerden in Untersuchungen der letzten Jahre häufig evaluiert. Auch bei
Schulterschmerzen konnte die Präsenz dieser Faktoren in Studien beobachtet
werden.Ziel dieses narrativen Reviews war es, einen möglichen Zusammenhang von
psychosozialen Aspekten und Schulterschmerzen in einem prä- und postoperativen
Zeitraum darzustellen. Für die Literatursuche wurde eine computergestützte
Recherche in den Datenbanken PubMed und Cochrane Library für den Zeitraum
2018–2023 durchgeführt.Die eingeschlossenen systematischen Übersichtsarbeiten postulieren einen
negativen Einfluss von psychosozialen Aspekten auf präoperative
Schulterschmerzen. Postoperativ hingegen sind die Schlussfolgerungen der
integrierten Arbeiten weniger übereinstimmend.Auf Basis der ermittelten Erkenntnisse sollten Kliniker*innen die emotionale
Gesundheit in der Behandlungsplanung im präoperativen Zeitraum
berücksichtigen.
Fuchs-Syndrom
Authors: Löbig Tina , Grigorjan Philipp , Meinig Robert , Kaatz Martin 
Published: May 2024

ZusammenfassungDas Fuchs-Syndrom wird auch als die Schleimhautvariante eines Erythema exsudativum multiforme majus bezeichnet. Auslöser können Medikamente, Impfungen oder Infektionen sein 1
2
3
4. Wir berichten über einen sonst gesunden 22-jährigen Patienten mit ausgeprägter erosiver Konjunktivitis, Stomatitis und Urethritis, der zudem einzelne atypische Kokarden aufwies. Aufgrund der möglichen Residuen der Erkrankung ist eine konsequente sofortige interdisziplinäre Therapie notwendig.
Connecting place branding to social and governance constructs in Johannesburg, South Africa
Authors: Mbinza Zenzile E. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractEmploying Johannesburg as a case, this paper explores the intersections of place branding with pervasive, often taken-for-granted phenomena, including culture, democracy, urban governance, gender and public diplomacy. The paper argues that these intersections are seldom the subject of place branding scholarship, even in the global North, where the discipline receives considerable inquiry. The paper undertakes a multidisciplinary review of the literature to situate place branding and its relation to culture, democracy, urban governance and public diplomacy. Delving deeper into the literature surrounding place branding and its relation to culture, democracy, urban governance and public diplomacy reveals the need for a more comprehensive and nuanced approach to understanding the impact of place branding. By situating place branding within these broader contexts, the paper opens new avenues for inquiry and challenges the predominant lenses through which place branding has been traditionally studied. Through delving deeper into place branding scholarship, the paper introduces a new term, “mentrification”, to enhance descriptions of placeholder disengagement and to add to the emerging lexicon of place branding. Ultimately, this paper serves as a valuable contribution by offering a new outlook on the complexities of place branding, moving beyond traditional efficacy measurements and definitional issues to delve into the deeper layers of its impact on society.
Pillared graphene oxide frameworks for the adsorption and separation of polar protic and aprotic liquid solvents: The cases of pure water, methanol, dimethyl sulfoxide, and dimethyl sulfoxide–water mixtures
Authors: Skarmoutsos Ioannis , Koukaras Emmanuel N. , Klontzas Emmanuel 
Published: May 2024

Potential applications of previously synthesized pillared graphene oxide frameworks with phenyldiboronic acid linkers in the field of the adsorption and separation of polar protic and aprotic liquid solvents have been systematically explored using grand canonical Monte Carlo simulations. Particular attention was initially paid to the adsorption of pure liquid water, methanol, and dimethyl sulfoxide. The results obtained a significant increase in the isosteric heat of adsorption at low uptake in the case of dimethyl sulfoxide, which is about 17.9 and 26.8 kJ/mol higher than the values corresponding to methanol and water adsorption. These findings indicated that from a thermodynamic point of view, these pillared graphene oxide frameworks could be used in the separation of dimethyl sulfoxide–water liquid mixtures. Systematic grand canonical Monte Carlo simulations were then subsequently performed for dimethyl sulfoxide–water mixtures, with a low dimethyl sulfoxide concentration. The calculated values of the separation selectivity indicate that these materials could have potential applications in the separation of these mixed liquid solvents. Molecular dynamics simulations performed for a representative adsorbed mixture have revealed a substantial slowing down of the dynamics under confinement, particularly in the case of the hydrogen bonds formed between water and dimethyl sulfoxide.
Mitigation of disease and browsing impacts, and translocation, supports post-fire threatened flora recovery
Authors: Barrett Sarah , Yates Colin J. , Dillon Rebecca , Dilly Megan , Varcoe Ben , Martin Darcy , Castlehow Bayley , Gosper Carl R. 
Published: May 2024

Context For plant species that have evolved in fire-prone environments, declines after wildfires are often driven by the combination of fire and other threatening processes. Mitigating the impacts of these threatening processes can sometimes effectively support post-fire population recovery. Aims We test the effectiveness of: (1) phosphite application to mitigate Phytophthora dieback; (2) fencing to exclude browsing by mammalian herbivores; and (3) translocation to sites where threats can be practically managed, for conservation of threatened flora affected by wildfires in 2018 and 2019 in the Stirling Range (Koi Kyeunu-ruff), south-western Australia. Methods Survival of Phytophthora-susceptible flora was compared in repeatedly sampled plots from prior to and after wildfire and ± recurrent phosphite application. Survival and growth of browsing-susceptible flora was compared post-fire in fenced and control plots. Survival, growth and flowering was compared between wild populations recruiting after wildfire and translocated populations. Key results Phosphite application increased survival of most Phytophthora-susceptible flora. Fencing led to greater growth and often increased survival. Translocated populations, with supplemental water, had greater growth rates and earlier flowering than wild populations, and a non-significant trend for higher survival. Conclusions These findings provide strong evidence supporting continuation of phosphite application, herbivore exclusion and translocation for post-fire recovery of the threatened flora of the Stirling Range. Implications With increasing wildfire extent, frequency and impact across the globe, successful management of non-fire threats will be crucial for post-fire conservation of threatened flora, with the approaches proving effective in this study likely to have conservation value elsewhere.