bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enhanced electrical, optical and magnetic properties of BiFeO3 perovskite nanoparticles co-doped with Y and Cu
Authors: Ghosh Tanmoy Kumar , Khan M. K. R. , Rahman M. M. , Hossain Md. Sarowar , Islam Suravi , Khatun Nazia , Sarker M. S. I. 
Published: April 2024

The present work includes the fabrication of pure BiFeO3 and Bi0.9Y0.1Fe1−xCuxO3 (x = 0.05, 0.10, 0.15) nanoparticles by the usual sol-gel route. The characterization of structural, morphological, optical, electrical, and magnetic properties of the synthesized samples was achieved through x-ray diffraction spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, an impedance analyzer, and a vibrating sample magnetometer. The Fourier transform infrared study confirmed the presence of Bi–O and Fe–O bonds. The x-ray diffraction patterns confirmed the rhombohedral (R3c) structure as a major phase with the orthorhombic (Pnma) structure as a secondary phase in all samples, and few amount of impurity phase of Bi25FeO40 was also determined. The surface morphology analysis showed the variation of particle size from 63 to 174 nm. The Raman spectra of 13 optical phonon modes, including 4A1 and 9E symmetric phonons, are observed for all samples, and the positions of these modes are almost similar, except the intensities of A1 modes. The optical measurements show a reduction in bandgap from 2.17 to 2.03 eV with co-doping, revealing itself as a more promising applicant in photovoltaics. An enhanced value of the dielectric constant is observed for different doped samples at different frequency regions from 100 Hz to 10 MHz. Magnetic investigation demonstrates the improved ferromagnetism with co-doping of Y and Cu due to distortion in the FeO6 octahedron. A maximum saturation magnetization of 0.26 emu/gm and a coercivity of 2915 Oe were found for Y concentration of 10% and Cu concentration of 15%.
Visual instructions for writing Chinese for beginners
Authors: Tian Tian , Lonsdale Maria dos Santos , Cheung Vien 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The ability to accurately write Chinese characters is vital for those learning Chinese as a second language, and
writing Chinese components is an indispensable part of writing Chinese characters. This study investigates how
Visual Instructions (VIs) influence the effectiveness of writing Chinese components by beginners. First, a visual
survey was conducted to explore the various visual formats currently used for instructing the writing of Chinese. Then, the
effectiveness of VIs for writing practice and writing recall was examined. The results showed that arrows and color hints in
stroke-by-stroke VIs significantly increased the effectiveness of VIs for both writing practice and recall.
Escalating prosody
Authors: Szczepek Reed Beatrice 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
This paper shows how horse-riding instructors vocally depict, and thereby co-design and mobilize the unfolding
progression of horses’ and riders’ actions through gradually escalating prosody. Escalating prosody involves the stepwise raising
of a speaker’s overall pitch across a series of turn components, often accompanied by increases in overall loudness and
occasionally by changes in voice quality. Escalating prosody can accompany instructed activities from beginning to end or only
during certain phases of the activity. The prosodic delivery mirrors the building and subsequent sustaining of physical effort
expected of the horse-rider pair. It can occur with lexical instructions to perform series of actions or with repeated directives
to sustain the current activity. It can also occur with repeated praise as a successful performance unfolds, and with repeated
corrections, which temporally frame moments of trouble. Prosody is shown to be a resource for co-designing the actions of others,
specifically, their mobility, physical effort, and sequential progression. The data are horse-riding lessons recorded in the UK
and in Germany.
Testing the benefits of relating figurative idioms to their literal underpinnings
Authors: Luo Liting , Boers Frank 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Second/foreign language (L2) learners appear to remember figurative idioms relatively well if they are informed of
the literal underpinning of the expressions, that is, the context in which the expressions were (or still are) used in a literal
sense. In the present exploratory study, ESL learners read texts accompanied by glosses which did or did not mention the literal
underpinnings of idioms used in the texts, and their recollection of the idioms was tested immediately after the reading task and
again one week later. The mean test scores were very similar across the gloss conditions, suggesting no mnemonic
benefits of giving literal underpinnings. However, retrospective interviews with the participants revealed considerable variation
in the way they had engaged with the materials. For example, several students who were not given information about the literal
underpinnings speculated about those underpinnings spontaneously, while those who were given this information did not always
understand its relation to the idiomatic meanings. The interviews also revealed considerable variation in the students’ perception
of the purpose of the glosses, with some treating them as support for text comprehension and others treating them as input for
deliberate vocabulary study. The findings illustrate how mixed-methods research that looks not just at aggregated learning
outcomes but at individuals’ learning processes can help to finetune expectations about the efficacy of an instructional
intervention and, ultimately, perhaps help to optimize the intervention itself.
Message-passing on hypergraphs: detectability, phase transitions and higher-order information
Authors: Ruggeri Nicolò , Lonardi Alessandro , De Bacco Caterina 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Hypergraphs are widely adopted tools to examine systems with higher-order interactions. Despite recent advancements in methods for community detection in these systems, we still lack a theoretical analysis of their detectability limits. Here, we derive closed-form bounds for community detection in hypergraphs. Using a message-passing formulation, we demonstrate that detectability depends on the hypergraphs’ structural properties, such as the distribution of hyperedge sizes or their assortativity. Our formulation enables a characterization of the entropy of a hypergraph in relation to that of its clique expansion, showing that community detection is enhanced when hyperedges highly overlap on pairs of nodes. We develop an efficient message-passing algorithm to learn communities and model parameters on large systems. Additionally, we devise an exact sampling routine to generate synthetic data from our probabilistic model. Using these methods, we numerically investigate the boundaries of community detection in synthetic datasets, and extract communities from real systems. Our results extend our understanding of the limits of community detection in hypergraphs and introduce flexible mathematical tools to study systems with higher-order interactions.
Preparation and Characterization of Cocoa Shell - Pahae Natural Zeolite as a Metal Adsorption Material for Iron (Fe) and Manganese (Mn) in Water
Authors: Susilawati S , Rizki A R , Irma M 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Research has been conducted on an adsorber made from cocoa shell activated charcoal and Pahae Natural Zeolite, designed as an absorber for Fe and Mn metals in well water purification. The cocoa shell were screened with a 100-mesh sieve, followed by carbonization to generate activated charcoal. In parallel, Pahae Natural Zeolite underwent a similar sieving process with a 100-mesh screen and was subsequently chemically activated using a 2.5 M NaOH solution. The compositions of the cocoa shell activated charcoal - Pahae Natural Zeolite adsorber were varied as follows (wt%): 100:0, 95:5, 90:10, 85:15, 80:20, 75:25. These mixtures were then compressed using a hydraulic press with a load of 6 tons for a duration of 10 minutes. The resulting samples underwent physical activation at different temperatures (300°C, 320°C, 340°C) for 30 minutes. The adsorber was subjected to characterization to ascertain its physical properties (porosity, adsorption capacity, density), mechanical properties (compressive strength and hardness), surface morphology, and elemental composition (SEM-EDX). The outcomes of the tests demonstrated the efficacy of the cocoa shell activated charcoal - zeolite based adsorber in significantly reducing iron (Fe) and manganese (Mn) levels, with a remarkable reduction in Fe content by 99.76% and Mn content by 99.70%.
The Characterization of Screen-Printed Copper Electrodes Modified with Chitosan/Reduced Graphene Oxide for Epinephrine Detection
Authors: Nainggolan Irwana , Martina Sake Juli , Nasution Tulus Ikhsan , Sembiring Ardiansyah , Maha Rizka Nurul Annisa 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
In this study, the working electrode (WE) from Screen-Printed Copper modified with chitosan/rGO to detect epinephrine has been successfully performed by using electrodeposition method. Samples are conducted by varying the rGO concentration (300, 350, 400, 450, and 500) ppm with chitosan 1:1 (v/v). The obtained working electrodes were tested for FTIR to determine the functional group, the surface area of WE, characterized by SEM, and amperometry method to determine the output voltage optimum. The FTIR analysis confirmed N-H, OH, C-H, NH2, and C-H in all chitosan and chitosan/rGO. The SEM images showed that CS/rGO film morphology was smoother than CS film. It can be assumed the rGO was distributed well onto CS film. The amperometry test results also showed that the working electrode produced the maximum output voltage from CS/rGO 350 ppm at 0.1032 V. It can be concluded that the working electrode from the screen-printed copper electrodes modified with chitosan/reduced graphene oxide can be used to detect the epinephrine.
Comprehensive Analysis of Dry Material Content, Moisture Content, and FTIR Spectroscopy in Durian Peel
Authors: Sidauruk Lincewati , Sembiring Timbangen , Susilawati  , Humaidi Syahrul , Rianna Martha , Sianturi Herty Afrina 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
One of the agricultural wastes that has the potential to become high-value products is durian peel waste. This study aims to analyze the parts of durian peel in terms of dry material content, moisture content and FTIR analysis. The method of this research is starting from the selection of ripe durian and durian peel is divided into four parts and labelled as B (thin neck area of white inner peel), C (thick bottom area of white inner peel), A (green and spiny outer peel), and AC (overall combination of C and A). Each section of durian peel has been studied to determine dry material, moisture, and crude fiber content. The results showed that the A segment had the highest dry material content (15.18 %), the B segment had the highest percentage of moisture content (124.1 %) and the FTIR testing of durian peel samples contained O-H, C-H, C≡C, C=O and C=C functional groups. These data have proven that each segment of durian peel has a significant difference in terms of composition value and that the moisture absorption rate of durian peel affects the functional groups.
Enhanced Magnetic Properties of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles Encapsulated in Cobalt Nanopowder Derived from Sunur-Pariaman Beach Sand
Authors: Amiruddin Erwin , Awaluddin Amir , Rianna Martha , Umar Lazuardi , Nurdiana Titania Arum , Sari Manda Fatimah , Pertiwi Wina 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Cobalt encapsulated iron oxide nanoparticles based on Sunur-Pariaman beach sand were prepared using ball milling method. Cobalt nanoparticles with concentration of 0, 5,10 and 15 wt.% were added to the iron oxide nanoparticles. Un-encapsulated iron oxide nanoparticles revealed as pure cubic structure of magnetite phase well matched to JCPDS No. 03-0863 with crystallite size in the range of 30.86 -34.91 nm confirmed by X-Ray diffractometer (XRD). Saturation, remanance magnetization and coercivity increase with an increase of cobalt concentration for Co-encapsulated iron oxide nanopartcles showed good magnetic properties. These findings display excellence performance of cobalt encapsulated iron oxide nanparticles compared to un-encapsulated iron oxide nanoparticles and has been considered to be a potential candidate to be used as catalyst for degradation of methylene blue. The concentration of iron (Fe) and titanium (Ti) increase after being milled 100h. However, non iron oxide nanoparticles decrease.
Synthesis and characterization of Magnetic Fe3O4/SiO2 composite for Environmental Sanitation
Authors: Sembiring Timbangen , Lubis Hariyati , Noer Zikri , Kurniawan Budhy , Sitinjak Nikolaus Rabbuni Larsson , Nurbillah Agus , Lubis Ridwan Yusuf 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The synthesis and characterization of the Fe3O4/SiO2 composite using the co-precipitation method have been conducted. Magnetite (Fe3O4) possesses magnetic properties capable of removing catalyst and dye waste. Silica is excellently suited as a material for magnetic coatings. The Fe3O4/SiO2 composite was characterized using XRD to identify the crystal phase and lattice structure parameters. Morphological analysis and elemental mapping of the sample were carried out using SEM-EDS, and FTIR was used to identify the functional groups. The XRD characterization results show that the Fe3O4/SiO2 composite crystallizes well, with identified peaks at angles of 2θ = 30.18°; 36.86°; 43.14°; 53.52°; 57.08°. The FTIR test results indicate the presence of SI-O-Si bonds, characteristic of the SiO2 peak, and Fe-O bonds, which are indicative of Fe3O4. The homogeneous morphologies are demonstrated by the SEM-EDS image.
Highly Efficient CdSe Quantum Dot-Sensitized Solar Cells via a Facile SILAR Method: Dependence of the SILAR Cycles on Optical Properties and Photovoltaic Performance
Authors: Rahayu S U , Lee M-W 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
This work emphasizes using CdSe as a sensitizer in quantum dot-sensitized solar cells (QDSSCs) due to its beneficial band alignment with TiO2, enhancing effective charge injection. This study presents highly efficient CdSe QDSSCs developed using the successive ionic layer adsorption and reaction (SILAR) method. The XRD analysis revealed a hexagonal crystal structure for the synthesized CdSe quantum dots (QDs) with an average particle size of 9.2 nm. Increasing the SILAR cycles from 3 to 5 showed a decrease in the energy bandgap, reducing it from 1.79 eV to 1.68 eV, as observed in the investigation of optical properties. The optimal photovoltaic performance of CdSe QDSSCs was achieved at 4 SILAR cycles, yielding a notable power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 6.77% (Jsc
= 14.63 mA/cm2, Voc
= 0.71 V, FF = 65.2%), which is higher than that of a previous report of SILAR-prepared CdSe QDSSCs.
A Framework for Exploring Nuclear Physics Sensitivity in Numerical Simulations
Authors: Chen Zhi , Johnson Eric T. , Katz Max , Smith Clark Alexander , Boyd Brendan , Zingale Michael 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
We describe the AMReX-Astrophysics framework for exploring the sensitivity of astrophysical simulations to the details of a nuclear reaction network, including the number of nuclei, choice of reaction rates, and approximations used. This is explored by modeling a simple detonation with the Castro simulation code. The entire simulation methodology is open-source and GPU-enabled.
Enhancement of teleportation average fidelity via photon addition operation
Authors: Minh Duc Truong , Quang Dat Tran 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
In this paper, using the linear entropy criterion to quantify the degree of entanglement, we demonstrate that the addition of photons can enhance the entanglement degree of the photon-added two-mode squeezed vacuum states (PATMSVSs). Besides, the entanglement degree can approach ideal in case of squeezing parameter or number of added photons is high. When using PATMSVSs as entanglement resources to teleport a coherent state via a canonical protocol, the results show that the average fidelity of the quantum teleportation process is enhanced by the photon addition operation. The average fidelity increases as the number of photons added to the two-mode increases. In addition, we show that an enhancement in average fidelity can also be achieved by increasing the squeezing parameter of the TMSVS.
Magnetic properties of the spin-1 J
1 − J
3 Heisenberg model on a triangular lattice
Authors: Van Hinh Nguyen , Thi Thanh Nga Pham 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
We study the spin-1 J
1 − J
3 Heisenberg model with antiferromagnetic nearest neighbors J
1 > 0 and the ferromagnetic third nearest neighbor J
3 < 0 for a triangular lattice. The ground-state and thermodynamic properties are evaluated under the Popov-Fedotov functional integral method and the Luttinger-Tisza procedure. Perturbation expansion of the auxiliary field around mean-field theory was carried out to investigate the effect of thermal fluctuations on ground state energy and sublattice magnetization. The results are compared with those of the spin wave approximation and other methods.
Influence of confined acoustic phonons on the acousto-electric field in doped semiconductor superlattices
Authors: Van Nghia Nguyen , Quyet Thang Nguyen , Quang Bau Nguyen 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
By using a quantum kinetic equation for electrons, the expression of the acoustoelectric field under the influence of confined acoustic phonons in doped semiconductor superlattices (DSSL) is obtained. From these expressions, the acousto-electric field depends on temperature, acoustic wave frequency, Fermi energy level, doped concentration, and quantum number m characterizing the phonons confinement. The results are numerically calculated for the GaAs:Be/GaAs:Si DSSL and show that the appearance of phonons confinement makes the acousto-electric field value become different than the cases of unconfined phonons.
Characterization of the radiation tolerant ToASt ASIC for the readout of the PANDA MVD strip detector
Authors: Lenta Francesca , Calvo Daniela , Cossio Fabio , Mazza Giovanni , Wheadon Richard , Becker Jürgen , Brinkmann Kai-Thomas , Caselle Michele , Kopmann Andreas , Manzhura Olena , Mattiazzo Serena , Peter Marvin , Sidorenko Vladimir , Staněk Pavel , Stockmanns Tobias , Tomášek Lukáš , Tröll Nils , Unger Kai Lukas , Zaunick Hans-Georg 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The ToASt ASIC is a 64-channel integrated circuit developed for the readout of the Silicon strip detector project designed to be placed in the Micro-Vertex Detector of the PANDA experiment. ToASt is implemented in a commercial 110 nm CMOS technology and can provide information on the position, time, and deposited energy of the particle passing through the detector. Its time resolution is given by its 160 MHz master clock.
The ASIC has been developed in the framework of the European FAIRnet project.
The chip has been characterized electrically both standalone and coupled with sensors, with focus on its noise performances. It has also been tested for radiation tolerance, both in terms of Total Ionizing Dose and Single Event Upset.
In particular, this work aims to guarantee that the studied ASICs can sustain the levels of ionizing radiation expected in the PANDA experiment and to study the noise characteristics for the two polarities of the ASIC.
Ultra-large scale array silicon pixel sensors with uniform and low leakage current for advanced X-ray light sources
Authors: Sun Peng , Lu Yupeng , Xu Gaobo , Fu Jianyu , Ding Mingzheng , Wu Zhenhua , Yin Huaxiang 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The development of silicon pixel sensors (SPS) with high
operating voltage, low leakage currents, and large arrays can
contribute to improving the energy and spatial resolution of
advanced X-ray light source detection systems. The Future Detection
System comprises a hybrid-pixel detector with a collective
resolution of 2048 × 2048 pixels, each measuring
100 μm× 100 μm. It consists of 16 p-i-n
SPSs, where each sensor has an array size of 1024× 256
pixels. In this paper, the design of the pixel and guard rings is
optimized to achieve uniform and ultra-low pixels leakage currents
under high operating voltage. The high leakage current uniformity of
the designed sensor is demonstrated through several tests conducted
on small scale array SPS. The leakage current of the tested pixels
is in the range of 0.50–0.55 pA at room temperature with less than
5% leakage deviation on the whole array. It is accompanied by
breakdown voltages greater than 1000 V. The optimized
256× 128 pixel SPS showcases uniform leakage currents below
0.6 pA per pixel at room temperature, as evidence in both the edge
and central pixels. The 1024× 256 pixels SPS is then
manufactured based on the optimized design results. The obtained
results show that the breakdown voltage is greater than 1000 V and
the leakage current of the pixel is less than 2.5 pA. In addition,
the interpixel capacitance of the sensor also reach an ultra-low
level of 16 fF. This study paves the way for the development of a
robust semiconductor device solution for applications where
ultra-fast and large panel-pixel detectors in advanced X-ray light
source detection systems are required.
Hesperidin nanoparticles for prostate cancer therapy: preparation, characterization and cytotoxic activity
Authors: Bakhshan Mohammad Amin , Sheikhzadeh Sanaz , Delirezh Nowruz 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Hesperidin, a phytochemical renowned for its therapeutic effects including anticancer, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties, encounters a significant limitation in its application due to its low bioavailability and restricted solubility in water. To surmount these challenges, we employed a spontaneous emulsification method to produce hesperidin nanoparticles. These nanoparticles, averaging 197.2 ± 2.8 nm, exhibited uniform dispersion (polydispersity index: 0.13), a zeta potential (ZP) of −28 mV, encapsulation efficiency of 84.04 ± 1.3%, and demonstrated stable and controlled release across various environments. Assessment of the nanoemulsions stability revealed remarkably high stability levels. Cytotoxicity evaluations (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5diphenyl-2-H-tetrazolium bromide, neutral red, trypan blue, and lactate dehydrogenase) indicated that cancer cell viability following treatment with hesperidin nanoemulsion was concentration and time-dependent, significantly lower compared to cells treated with free hesperidin. The colony formation assay and cell morphology evaluation further corroborated the heightened efficacy of hesperidin in its nano form compared to the free form. In summary, hesperidin nanoparticles not only exhibited more potent anticancer activity than free hesperidin but also demonstrated high biocompatibility with minimal cytotoxic effects on healthy cells. These findings underscore the potential for further exploration of hesperidin nanoparticles as an adjunctive therapy in prostate cancer therapy.