bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Facile Preparation of Fe-Co-Ni-Mo-W High Entropy Alloy Coatings from An Aqueous Bath by Direct Current Electrodeposition: Microstructure and Performance
Authors: Zhang Yifan , Zhong Yiwei , Yu Yu , Wang Mingyong , Guo Zhancheng 
Published: May 2024

High-entropy alloy (HEA) coatings have been widely investigated because they can significantly improve the surface properties of the substrate. Electrodeposition of HEA coatings in an aqueous bath was considered a promising method. In this study, the Fe-Co-Ni-Mo-W HEA coatings were prepared by aqueous electrodeposition. The effects of the current density on the chemical composition and the physical performance of the HEA coatings were investigated. The results showed that the content of Ni, Mo, and W increased, while the content of Fe decreased as the current density increased from 20 to 80 mA cm−2. The coating deposited at 40 mA cm−2 possessed the best mechanical properties. The microhardness and the wear rate were 4.52 Gpa and 2.05 × 10−5 mm3 N·m, respectively. The electrochemical test showed that the corrosion resistance of HEA coatings increased with the decrease of current density. All the physical properties of the HEA coatings were superior to 304 stainless steel, suggesting a considerable application potential.
Intraperitoneal Nivolumab after Debulking Surgery and Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy in Advanced Ovarian Cancer: A Phase I Study with Expansion Cohort
Authors: Corbaux Pauline , Freyer Gilles , Glehen Olivier , You Benoît , Bakrin Naoual , Gelot Audrey , Dayde David , Sajous Christophe , Piffoux Max , Péron Julien , Lescuyer Gaelle , Payen Lea , Kepenekian Vahan 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Purpose:
Cytoreductive surgery (CRS) and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) are expected to be synergistic with intraperitoneal (IP) immunotherapy by increasing tumor antigen expression and mutational load. We assessed the feasibility and safety of IP nivolumab following complete CRS and HIPEC in pretreated patients with recurrent ovarian cancer (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT03959761).

Patients and Methods:
Patients received IP nivolumab (0.5, 1, or 3 mg/kg) using a 3 + 3 dose-escalation design, starting 5 to 7 days after CRS and HIPEC. Four IP Q2W (once every 2 weeks) nivolumab infusions were planned. The primary objective was to demonstrate the feasibility of IP nivolumab based on dose-limiting toxicity. Secondary objectives were to assess changes in tolerance of CRS and HIPEC.

Results:
A total of 17 patients were enrolled including 10 patients in the dose escalation and 7 patients in the expansion phase. No dose-limiting toxicity was observed at any dose level in the 9 evaluable patients. Six of the 17 patients (35%) did not complete all planned infusions: 4 (23.5%) due to peritoneal catheter complications and 2 (11.8%) due to early progression. No procedure-related deaths occurred. Eleven patients (65%) experienced serious adverse events (SAE), mainly transitory grade 3 to 4 transaminase elevations (6/11) and surgery-related (9/11). Four SAEs were related to the peritoneal catheter and two to HIPEC. No SAEs/grade 3 to 4 adverse events related to IP nivolumab occurred.

Conclusions:
This is the first study demonstrating the feasibility of IP nivolumab in patients with relapsed advanced ovarian cancer. Further investigation at 3 mg/kg is warranted.
Multiyear Clinical Outcomes of Cancers Diagnosed Following Detection by a Blood-Based Multicancer Early Detection Test
Authors: Buchanan Adam H. , Lennon Anne M. , Choudhry Omair A. , Elias Paul Z. , Rego Seema P. , Sadler Jennifer R. , Roberta Julia , Zhang Yongqiang , Flake Darl D. , Salvati Zachary M. , Wagner Eric S. , Fishman Elliot K. , Papadopoulos Nickolas , Beer Tomasz M. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
In the US, &lt;20% of cancers are diagnosed by standard-of-care (SoC) screening. Multicancer early detection (MCED) tests offer the opportunity to expand cancer screening. Understanding the characteristics and clinical outcomes of MCED-detected cancers is critical to clarifying MCED tests’ potential impact. DETECT-A is the first prospective interventional trial of an MCED blood test (CancerSEEK). CancerSEEK, coupled with diagnostic PET-CT, identified cancers including those not detected by SoC screening, the majority of which were localized or regional. We report multiyear outcomes in patients with cancers diagnosed following a positive CancerSEEK test. Nine cancer types were diagnosed in 26 participants whose cancers were first detected by CancerSEEK. Information on cancer diagnoses, treatments, and clinical outcomes was extracted from medical records through November 2022. Data collection occurred at a median of 4.4 years (IQR: 4.1–4.6) following study enrollment. Thirteen of 26 (50%) participants were alive and cancer-free [ovarian (4), thyroid (1), uterine (2), breast (1), colorectal (2), and lung (3)]; 7/13 (54%) had cancers without recommended SoC screening modalities. All eight treated stage I or II participants (8/8, 100%) and 12/14 (86%) surgically treated participants were alive and cancer-free. Eligibility for surgical treatment was associated with favorable multiyear outcomes (P = 0.0002). Half of participants with MCED-detected cancers were alive and cancer-free after 4.4 years median follow-up. Most were diagnosed with early-stage cancers and were treated surgically. These results suggest that early cancer detection by CancerSEEK may have facilitated curative-intent treatments and associated positive clinical outcomes in some DETECT-A participants.
Prevention Relevance: This study provides preliminary evidence of the potential of multicancer early detection testing as an effective screening tool for detecting cancers without standard-of-care (SoC) screening modalities and complementing SoC cancer screening.
Northwestern University in Qatar: A Distinctive Global University
Authors: Kraidy Marwan M. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Founded in 2008 through a partnership between Northwestern University and Qatar Foundation for Education, Science and Community Development (QF), Northwestern University in Qatar (NU-Q) educates creative, ethical, and impactful communicators, and contributes both to Northwestern's excellence and the rise of Qatar as a knowledge-based society. NU-Q's vision is multidisciplinary, multimodal, multilingual, and focused on the Global South as an intellectual and creative space for research and teaching. NU-Q positions itself as an “embedded institution” in which U.S. higher education overlaps with regional and “Southern” circuits of academic exchange that catalyze critical debates on enduring and emerging issues, and enables a relationship between the university and the world that is globally competitive and locally resonant. NU-Q is a distinctive university dedicated to that vision.
Establishing a Research-Focused Liberal Arts College in China: Duke Kunshan University
Authors: Gao Haiyan , Gu Yijun 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Duke Kunshan University (DKU), a new liberal arts and science university in China, with Duke University and Wuhan University as academic partners, is an experiment in twenty-first-century characteristics and global challenges. DKU's undergraduate degree program features an innovative, integrated, and interdisciplinary curriculum focused on cross-disciplinary challenges and research experiences. Its interdisciplinary research centers and graduate programs help attract international faculty and students, while its residential setting promotes diverse, rich, and meaningful interactions beyond the classroom. The shared vision for DKU among students, parents, faculty, staff, partner universities, and other stakeholders helps ensure the university's success. And the phenomenal achievements of the first cohort of graduates from the inaugural class of 2022 is evidence that the DKU experiment is working, despite many challenges.
Insights from the Evolving Model of Two Cortical Visual Pathways
Authors: Baker Chris , Kravitz Dwight 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The two cortical visual pathways framework has had a profound influence on theories and empirical studies of the visual system for over 40 years. By grounding physiological responses and behavior in neuroanatomy, the framework provided a critical guide for understanding vision. Although the framework has evolved over time, as our understanding of the physiology and neuroanatomy expanded, cortical visual processing is still often conceptualized as two separate pathways emerging from the primary visual cortex that support distinct behaviors (“what” vs. “where/how”). Here, we take a historical perspective and review the continuing evolution of the framework, discussing key and often overlooked insights. Rather than a functional and neuroanatomical bifurcation into two independent serial, hierarchical pathways, the current evidence points to two highly recurrent heterarchies with heterogeneous connections to cortical regions and subcortical structures that flexibly support a wide variety of behaviors. Although many of the simplifying assumptions of the framework are belied by the evidence gathered since its initial proposal, the core insight of grounding function and behavior in neuroanatomy remains fundamental. Given this perspective, we highlight critical open questions and the need for a better understanding of neuroanatomy, particularly in the human.
Integrating Consciousness Science with Cognitive Neuroscience: An Introduction to the Special Focus
Authors: He Biyu J. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Consciousness science is experiencing a coming-of-age moment. Following three decades of sustained efforts by a relatively small group of consciousness researchers, the field has seen exponential growth over the past 5 years. It is increasingly recognized that although the investigation of subjective experiences is a difficult task, modern neuroscience need not and cannot shy away from the challenge of peeling away the mysteries of conscious experiences. In June 2023, with the joint support of the U.S. National Institutes of Health and the U.S. National Science Foundation, a 3-day workshop was held at the Bethesda, MD, campus of the National Institutes of Health, convening experts whose work focuses primarily on problems of consciousness, or an adjacent field, to discuss the current state of consciousness science and consider the most fruitful avenues for future research. This Special Focus features empirical and theoretical contributions from some of the invited speakers at the workshop. Here, I will cover the scope of the workshop, the content of this Special Focus, and advocate for stronger bridges between consciousness science and other subdisciplines of cognitive neuroscience.
Model-based Mind Wandering in Older Adults: Age Differences in the Behavioral and Electrophysiological Correlates of Subjective and Objective Measures of Mind Wandering
Authors: Henderson Sarah E. , Ryan A. Dawn , Atack Luke W. , Campbell Karen 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Mind wandering is typically characterized as a failure of attentional control, yet despite age-related executive function deficits, older adults typically report less mind wandering than younger adults during cognitive tasks and in daily life. Self-reported mind wandering episodes usually result in similar behavioral detriments in younger and older adults (e.g., greater RT variability, more task errors). However, the relatively few studies investigating the neural correlates of mind wandering and aging have revealed mixed findings, possibly because they typically rely on infrequent thought probes and, therefore, few trials for neural analyses. In the current study, we propose a method to recover more task data by categorizing trials from a commonly used sustained attention to response task according to RT variability. Behavioral data (n = 49 younger; n = 40 older) revealed that compared with younger adults, older adults reported fewer mind wandering episodes, but showed similar behavioral impacts thereof. Furthermore, in both age groups, subjective reports of mind wandering predicted the more objective sorting of trials into “on-” and “off-task” according to RT variability. Using these objectively sorted trials, we investigated two commonly reported EEG measures of mind wandering (diminished P1 and P3 amplitude) in 26 younger and 24 older adults. Although the P1 did not differ between on- and off-task trials for either group, the P3 was diminished for off-task trials in both age groups (albeit significantly less in older adults) suggesting preserved perceptual but reduced higher-order processing during off-task periods in both groups.
Constructive Memory and Conscious Experience
Authors: Schacter Daniel L. , Thakral Preston P. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractEpisodic memory relies on constructive processes that support simulating novel future events by flexibly recombining elements of past experiences, and that can also give rise to memory errors. In recent studies, we have developed methods to characterize the cognitive and neural processes that support conscious experiences linked to this process of episodic recombination, both when people simulate novel future events and commit recombination-related memory errors. In this Perspective, we summarize recent studies that illustrate these phenomena, and discuss broader implications for characterizing the basis of conscious experiences associated with constructive memory from a cognitive neuroscience perspective.
EndoVenous-assisted invaginated stripping of the great saphenous vein: A pilot and feasibility study
Authors: Alexiou Vangelis G. , Vassiliou Areti , Mitsis Michail , Peroulis Michail 
Published: May 2024

Objective: By incorporating an endovascular component into Great Saphenous Vein stripping, EndoVenous-assisted Invaginated Stripping (EVIS) aims to make the procedure minimally invasive. A study was conducted to investigate the surgical intervention. Methods: Sketches and videos were used to illustrate the technical aspects of EVIS. A prospective cohort study included 20 patients with chronic venous insufficiency (CVI). Results: EVIS is performed as a day-surgery. Technical success was 100%, and no complications were recorded. The mean operative time was 45 minutes, intraoperative pain score was 4.8, post-operative pain was 2.5, 1.8, 1.2, 0.5 at 48 hours, 1, 4, and 12 weeks, respectively. The mean blood loss was 15 mL, and the mean length of the GSV strapped was 19 cm. The follow-up duplex showed a reduction in the diameter of the residual GSV stump. Conclusions: EVIS is a combination of standard techniques that may prove valuable in managing CVI.
Detection accuracy and clinical applications of DP-TOF mass spectrometry
Authors: Liu Zhaohui , Zhao Juan , Cui Kai , Guo Huimin , Li Zhikai , Zhou Zhou 
Published: May 2024

Objective Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) is currently used in clinical microbiology laboratories. This study aimed to determine whether dual-polarity time-of-flight mass spectrometry (DP-TOF MS) could be applied to clinical nucleotide detection. Methods This prospective study included 40 healthy individuals and 110 patients diagnosed with cardiovascular diseases. We used DP-TOF MS and Sanger sequencing to evaluate 17 loci across 11 genes associated with cardiovascular drug responses. In addition, we used DP-TOF MS to test 998 retrospectively collected clinical DNA samples with known results. Results A, T, and G nucleotide detection by DP-TOF MS and Sanger sequencing revealed 100% concordance, whereas the C nucleotide concordance was 99.86%. Genotyping based on the results of the two methods showed 99.96% concordance. Regarding clinical applications, DP-TOF MS yielded a 99.91% concordance rate for known loci. The minimum detection limit for DNA was 0.4 ng; the inter-assay and intra-assay precision rates were both 100%. Anti-interference analysis showed that aerosol contamination greater than 1013 copies/µL in the laboratory environment could influence the results of DP-TOF MS. Conclusions The DP-TOF MS platform displayed good detection performance, as demonstrated by its 99.96% concordance rate with Sanger sequencing. Thus, it may be applied to clinical nucleotide detection.
Load Sharing of the Deep and Superficial Medial Collateral Ligaments, the Effect of a Partial Superficial Medial Collateral Injury, and Implications on ACL Load
Authors: Beel Wouter , Doughty Callahan , Vivacqua Thiago , Getgood Alan , Willing Ryan 
Published: May 2024

Background: Injuries to the deep medial collateral ligament (dMCL) and partial superficial MCL (psMCL) can cause anteromedial rotatory instability; however, the contribution of each these injuries in restraining anteromedial rotatory instability and the effect on the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) load remain unknown. Purpose: To investigate the contributions of the different MCL structures in restraining tibiofemoral motion and to evaluate the load through the ACL after MCL injury, especially after combined dMCL/psMCL injury. Study Design: Controlled laboratory study. Methods: Sixteen fresh-frozen human cadaveric knees were tested using a 6 degrees of freedom robotic simulator. Tibiofemoral kinematic parameters were recorded at 0°, 30°, 60°, and 90° of knee flexion for the following measurements: 8-N·m valgus rotation, 4-N·m external tibial rotation (ER), 4-N·m internal tibial rotation, and a combined 89-N anterior tibial translation and 4-N·m ER for both anteromedial rotation (AMR) and anteromedial translation (AMT). The kinematic parameters of the 3 different MCL injuries (dMCL; dMCL/psMCL; dMCL/superficial MCL (sMCL)) were recorded and reapplied either in an ACL-deficient joint (load sharing) or before and after cutting the ACL (ACL load). The loads were calculated by applying the principle of superposition. Results: The dMCL had the largest effect on reducing the force/torque during ER, AMR, and AMT in extension and the psMCL injury at 30° to 90° of knee flexion ( P < .05). In a comparison of the load through the ACL when the MCL was intact, the ACL load increased by 46% and 127% after dMCL injury and combined dMCL/psMCL injury, respectively, at 30° of knee flexion during ER. In valgus rotation, a significant increase in ACL load was seen only at 90° of knee flexion. Conclusion: The psMCL injury made the largest contribution to the reduction of net force/torque during AMR/AMT at 30° to 90° of flexion. Concomitant dMCL/psMCL injury increased the ACL load, mainly during ER. Clinical Relevance: If a surgical procedure is being considered to treat anteromedial rotatory instability, then the procedure should focus on restoring sMCL function, as injury to this structure causes a major loss of the knee joint’s capacity to restrain AMR/AMT.
Time for a change to clozapine haematological monitoring
Authors: Cheng Adrian , Buten Sara , Large Matthew 
Published: May 2024

Objectives This paper critiques the haematological monitoring guidelines for clozapine. It describes the history of clozapine, as well as the pathophysiology and epidemiology of clozapine-induced neutropenia (CIN) and agranulocytosis (CIA). The paper appraises the extant literature on mandatory clozapine haematological monitoring. Conclusion Contemporary Australian protocols for clozapine haematological monitoring are not consistent with the current evidence base. CIN and CIA are rare occurrences, and the associated risk of death is low. Potential modifications to existing guidelines include changing neutrophil thresholds for patients with benign ethnic neutropenia and reducing the frequency or removing haematological monitoring after two years of clozapine treatment.
Adherence to caregiver-administered intravenous immunosuppressant medications in pediatric hematopoietic stem cell transplant
Authors: Lee Jennifer L , Morrison Caroline F , Drake Sarah , Pai Ahna L 
Published: May 2024

Background The purpose of this study was to describe taking, timing, and dosing adherence to home caregiver-administered intravenous (IV) immunosuppressants in a sample of pediatric hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HCT) recipients. Procedures Sixteen children who had undergone HCT, ages 3 months to 15 years, and their caregivers participated. All caregivers were biological mothers. Caregivers completed a demographic questionnaire as part of a larger study and brought in portable infusion pumps to download the pump data at the time of their child's post-HCT clinic visit. Pump data were then examined for dose taking, timing, and amount for 30 days following discharge. Results Despite the importance of the precise timing of IV immunosuppressants, adherence taking, dosing, and timing varied widely in this sample. The mean percentage of doses administered was 98.72%, and 81.3% of children received all doses of immunosuppressant. However, only 62% of doses were given on time and the mean difference between the prescribed and actual administration time was 67.03 minutes. Conclusions Although taking adherence was high, the timing and dosing adherence to IV immunosuppressants in the home was poor. Additional support to promote adherence should be provided including assisting caregivers to identify and use adherence strategies specific to their child's IV immunosuppressant regimen in the home.
Effects of Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) Peel Extract Supplementation on Markers of Inflammation and Serum Matrix Metalloproteinase 1 in Women With Knee Osteoarthritis: A Randomized Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Study
Authors: Rafraf Maryam , Haghighian Mahdiyeh Khadem , Molani-Gol Roghayeh , Hemmati Salar , Asghari Jafarabadi Mohammad 
Published: May 2024

Objective: Osteoarthritis (OA) as a common musculoskeletal disorder is the main cause of disability in the world. The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of pomegranate peel extract (PPE) on some inflammatory markers and matrix maloproteinase1 (MMP1) in women with knee OA. Methods: Sixty obese women with knee OA aged 38 to 60 years were included in this clinical trial. The women were allocated into intervention (n = 30) and placebo (n = 30) groups along with standard drug therapy receiving 500 mg PPE or placebo twice daily for 8 weeks, respectively. Three-day food records, anthropometric measurements, fasting blood samples, and physical activity questionnaires were gathered at the baseline and the end of the study. Results: The supplementation of PPE significantly reduced the serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-ĸB), MMP1, and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) levels of the patients within the intervened group (all, P < .05) and compared with the placebo ( P = .002, .045, .040, and .003, respectively) at the end of the study. The serum NF-ĸB levels significantly increased within the placebo group at the end of the trial ( P = .002). Changes in other variables in the placebo group were not significant ( P > .05). Conclusions: The findings of this clinical trial indicated that PPE supplementation decreased serum inflammatory markers including hs-CRP, NF-ĸB, and MCP-1 and MMP1 levels in women with knee OA. PPE supplementation may be useful as a part of an integrated approach to modulating inflammatory complications in women with knee OA.