bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The chorionic bump: Radiologic and pathologic correlation
Authors: Tan Sinan , Ipek Ali , Akın Sivaslıoğlu Ahmet , Süngü Nuran , Sarıcı Özlem Ünal , Karaoğlanoğlu Mustafa 
Published: October 2010

AbstractChorionic bump is a rare abnormal condition of the gestational sac seen in the first trimester of pregnancies, extending from the choriodecidual surface to the gestational sac. We report the sonographic and histopathologic findings in a case involving three “chorionic bumps” extending from the choriodecidual surface to the gestational sac. Chorionic bump can be associated with a poor prognosis for the pregnancy. Therefore, cases with chorionic bumps must be followed with serial ultrasound examinations throughout the first trimester. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound, 2011
Adult human articular chondrocytes in a microcarrier‐based culture system: expansion and redifferentiation
Authors: Schrobback Karsten , Klein Travis Jacob , Schuetz Michael , Upton Zee , Leavesley David Ian , Malda Jos 
Published: October 2010

AbstractExpanding human chondrocytes in vitro while maintaining their ability to form cartilage remains a key challenge in cartilage tissue engineering. One promising approach to address this is to use microcarriers as substrates for chondrocyte expansion. While microcarriers have shown beneficial effects for expansion of animal and ectopic human chondrocytes, their utility has not been determined for freshly isolated adult human articular chondrocytes. Thus, we investigated the proliferation and subsequent chondrogenic differentiation of these clinically relevant cells on porous gelatin microcarriers and compared them to those expanded using traditional monolayers. Chondrocytes attached to microcarriers within 2 days and remained viable over 4 weeks of culture in spinner flasks. Cells on microcarriers exhibited a spread morphology and initially proliferated faster than cells in monolayer culture, however, with prolonged expansion they were less proliferative. Cells expanded for 1 month and enzymatically released from microcarriers formed cartilaginous tissue in micromass pellet cultures, which was similar to tissue formed by monolayer‐expanded cells. Cells left attached to microcarriers did not exhibit chondrogenic capacity. Culture conditions, such as microcarrier material, oxygen tension, and mechanical stimulation require further investigation to facilitate the efficient expansion of clinically relevant human articular chondrocytes that maintain chondrogenic potential for cartilage regeneration applications. © 2010 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 29:539–546, 2011
Motion‐derived coordinate systems reduce inter‐subject variability of elbow flexion kinematics
Authors: Ferreira Louis M. , King Graham J. W. , Johnson James A. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractThe selection of a joint coordinate system affects the outcome of motion pathways. We developed coordinate systems for the ulna and humerus, which are generated from upper extremity motion. These Motion‐Derived Coordinate Systems (CS) were compared to traditional Anatomy‐Derived CS created using surface digitizations of anatomical features. Within‐subject repeatability of creating Motion‐Derived CS was quantified. In vitro elbow flexion was generated in the gravity‐dependent position using an active upper extremity motion simulator. Kinematic pathways of those motions were calculated in terms of valgus angulation and internal rotation of the ulna relative to the humerus, using both CS. The method of creating Motion‐Derived CS was highly repeatable—less than 0.5 mm and 1° for all coordinate directions measured. Inter‐subject variability of active flexion pathways was reduced with Motion‐Derived CS compared to Anatomy‐Derived CS (p < 0.05). The decrease in inter‐subject kinematic variability when using Motion‐Derived CS may increase the statistical power of biomechanical studies and allow for reduced sample sizes. This minimally invasive method, which also determines the elbow flexion and forearm rotation axes and center of the capitellum, may also be applicable in computer‐navigated surgery of the upper limb. © 2010 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 29:596–601, 2011
Deployment experiences and postdeployment PTSD symptoms in National Guard/Reserve service members serving in operations Enduring Freedom and Iraqi Freedom
Authors: Renshaw Keith D. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractThis report provides basic data about risk and protective factors for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in 189 Utah National Guard and Reserve troops who served during Operations Enduring Freedom (OEF) and Iraqi Freedom (OIF). Based on comparisons with other published reports of active duty and National Guard/Reserve troops from prior conflicts, results suggest that OEF‐ and OIF‐era National Guard and Reserve troops' combat and postbattle experiences are similar to those of active duty troops from prior conflicts (and higher than those of National Guard and Reserve troops from prior conflicts). Additionally, reported family and career concerns during deployment appeared higher in this sample than in prior samples of active duty or National Guard and Reserve troops. Moreover, such concerns accounted for unique variance in postdeployment PTSD when controlling for combat experiences, postbattle experiences, and perceived threat.
Age at trauma exposure and PTSD risk in young adult women
Authors: McCutcheon Vivia V. , Sartor Carolyn E. , Pommer Nicole E. , Bucholz Kathleen K. , Nelson Elliot C. , Madden Pamela A.F. , Heath Andrew C. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractThe aim of the current study was to test the independent and joint contributions of 8 different types of trauma to posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) risk using data from a young adult female cohort. Associations of traumatic events with PTSD onset were examined using Cox proportional hazards models. Differences in risk as a function of age at trauma were tested. Childhood sexual assault, physical abuse, and neglect were stronger predictors of PTSD onset than adolescent and early adult occurrence of these events in individual models. In a model including all traumatic events, differential risk by age remained for sexual assault and physical abuse. Early sexual assault was the strongest predictor of risk, but additional traumatic events increased risk even in its presence.
Electrochemical Polymerization of (2‐Dodecyl‐4, 7‐di (thiophen‐2‐yl)‐2H‐benzo[d][1,2,3] triazole): A Novel Matrix for Biomolecule Immobilization
Authors: Ekiz Fulya , Yuksel Merve , Balan Abidin , Timur Suna , Toppare Levent 
Published: October 2010

AbstractA recently synthesized conducting polymer [poly(2‐dodecyl‐4,7‐di(thiophen‐2‐yl)‐2H‐benzo[d][1,2,3]triazole (PTBT)] was tested as a platform for biomolecule immobilization. After electrochemical polymerization of the monomer (TBT) on graphite electrodes, immobilization of glucose oxidase (GOx, β‐D‐glucose: oxygen‐1‐oxidoreductase, EC 1.1.3.4) was carried out. To improve the interactions between the enzyme and hydrophobic alkyl chain on the polymeric structure, GOx and isoleucine (Ile) amino acid were mixed in sodium phosphate buffer (pH 7.0) with a high ionic strength (250 × 10−3 M). The solution is then casted on the polymer film, and the amino groups in the protein structure were crosslinked using glutaraldehyde (GA) as the bifunctional agent. Finally, the surface was covered with a perm‐selective membrane. Consequently, cross‐linked enzyme crystal (CLEC) like assembles with regular shapes were observed after immobilization. Microscopic techniques such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and fluorescence microscopy were used to monitor the surface morphologies of both the polymer and the bioactive layer. Electrochemical responses of the enzyme electrodes were measured by monitoring O2 consumption in the presence of glucose at –0.7 V. The optimized biosensor showed a very good linearity between 0.05 and 2.5 × 10−3 M with a 52 s response time and a detection limit (LOD) of 0.029 × 10−3 M to glucose. Also, kinetic parameters, operational and storage stabilities were determined. Km and Imax values were found as 4.6 × 10−3 M and 2.49 µA, respectively. It was also shown that no activity was lost during operational and storage conditions. Finally, proposed system was applied for glucose biomonitoring during fermentation in yeast culture where HPLC was used as the reference method to verify the data obtained by the proposed biosensor. magnified image
Single‐Molecule Spectroscopy and AFM Morphology Studies of a Diblock Copolymer Consisting of Poly(3‐hexylthiophene) and Fullerene
Authors: Hu Zhongjian , Zou Jianhua , Deibel Carsten , Gesquiere Andre J. , Zhai Lei 
Published: October 2010

AbstractA block copolymer containing P3HT and C60 is synthesized and subjected to single‐molecule spectroscopy (SMS) and AFM studies to investigate the impact of the C60 on the P3HT chain conformation and the phase‐separation behavior upon annealing, respectively. Both the SMS and the single‐molecule polarization investigations indicate that the grafting of the C60‐containing block to the P3HT moiety does not significantly change its conformational structure. AFM studies on thin films of the block copolymer indicate that they are stable with microphase separation, while blended films of the block‐copolymer precursor (without C60) with PCBM undergo macroscale phase separation upon thermal annealing. magnified image
Spectral analysis of fourth order differential operators III
Authors: Behncke Horst 
Published: October 2010

AbstractThis paper extends the results of the two previous papers in several directions. For one we allow slower decay of the coefficients, but higher order differentiability. For this an expansion for the diagonalizing transformations is derived. Secondly unbounded coefficients are permitted. This requires further transformations in order to achieve Levinson's form, but also a modification with the usual M‐matrix approach. While the standard results carry over to weakly singular coefficients, very singular coefficients will generally lead to discrete spectra (© 2010 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Quantitative magnetisation transfer imaging in glioma: preliminary results
Authors: Tozer Daniel J. , Rees Jeremy H. , Benton Christopher E. , Waldman Adam D. , Jäger H. Rolf , Tofts Paul S. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractQuantitative magnetisation transfer imaging (qMTI) is an extension of conventional MT techniques and allows the measurement of parameters that reflect tissue ultrastructure through the properties of macromolecule‐bound protons; these include the bound proton fraction and the relaxation times of free and bound proton pools. It has been used in multiple sclerosis and Alzheimer's disease, and has shown changes in some of the parameters, particularly the bound proton fraction. The purpose of this pilot study was to assess whether qMTI could distinguish between gliomas and normal brain tissue, and provide proof of principle for its use in tumour characterisation. Eight subjects [three men, five women; mean age, 44 years; range, 27–66 years; seven World Health Organization (WHO) Grade II, one Grade III] with biopsy‐proven glioma were imaged with a structural MRI protocol that included three‐dimensional qMTI. qMTI parameters were extracted from regions of interest selected from different tumour components visible on conventional MR sequences, normal‐appearing peritumoral tissue and distant normal‐appearing white matter. All patients gave informed consent and the study was approved by the Local Research Ethics Committee. Almost all of the qMTI parameters detected abnormalities in both glioma and the peritumoral region relative to the distant white matter. In particular, the bound proton fraction was reduced significantly from 6.0 percentage units (pu) [standard deviation (SD), 0.5 pu] in normal‐appearing white matter to 1.7 pu (SD = 0.5 pu) in solid tumour and 2.2 pu (SD = 0.5 pu) in peritumoral areas. This work shows that qMTI reveals abnormalities, not only in glioma, but also in the apparently normal tissue surrounding the conventionally defined tumour. Thus, qMTI shows promise for tumour characterisation and for studying tumour boundaries. These preliminary data justify larger studies in a range of different tumour types and grades. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Randomized trial of biofilm testing to select antibiotics for cystic fibrosis airway infection
Authors: Moskowitz Samuel M. , Emerson Julia C. , McNamara Sharon , Shell Richard D. , Orenstein David M. , Rosenbluth Daniel , Katz Marcia F. , Ahrens Richard , Hornick Douglas , Joseph Patricia M. , Gibson Ronald L. , Aitken Moira L. , Benton Wade W. , Burns Jane L. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractRationaleIn cystic fibrosis (CF), conventional antibiotic susceptibility results correlate poorly with clinical outcomes. We hypothesized that biofilm testing would more accurately reflect the susceptibilities of bacteria infecting CF airways.MethodsA multicenter randomized pilot trial was conducted to assess the efficacy and safety of using biofilm susceptibility testing of Pseudomonas aeruginosa sputum isolates to guide antibiotic regimens for chronic airway infections in clinically stable adolescent and adult CF patients. Thirty‐nine participants were randomized to biofilm or conventional treatment groups; 14‐day courses of two antibiotics were selected according to an activity‐based algorithm using the corresponding susceptibility results.ResultsOf the agents tested, meropenem was most active against biofilm‐grown bacteria, and was included in regimens for about half of each study group. For 19 of 39 randomized participants, randomization to the other study group would not have changed the antibiotic classes of the assigned regimen. Study groups were comparable at baseline, and had similar mean decreases in bacterial density, measured in log10 colony forming units per gram of sputum (biofilm, −2.94 [SD 2.83] vs. conventional, −3.27 [SD 3.09]), and mean increases in forced expiratory volume in 1 sec, measured in liters (0.18 [SD 0.20] vs. 0.12 [SD 0.22]).ConclusionsIn this pilot study, antibiotic regimens based on biofilm testing did not differ significantly from regimens based on conventional testing in terms of microbiological and clinical responses. The predictive value of biofilm testing may nonetheless warrant evaluation in an adequately powered clinical trial in younger CF patients or those experiencing acute pulmonary exacerbation. Pediatr. Pulmonol. 2011; 46:184–192. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Use of azithromycin for the prevention of bronchopulmonary dysplasia in preterm infants: a randomized, double‐blind, placebo controlled trial
Authors: Ballard Hubert O. , Shook Lori A. , Bernard Philip , Anstead Michael I. , Kuhn Robert , Whitehead Vicki , Grider Deb , Crawford Timothy N. , Hayes Don 
Published: October 2010

AbstractObjectiveSince preventive therapies for bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) are limited we treated preterm infants with azithromycin to decrease the incidence of BPD.MethodsInfants less than 1,250 g birth weight were randomized to azithromycin or placebo within 12 hr of beginning mechanical ventilation and within 72 hr of birth. The treatment group received azithromycin 10 mg/kg/day for 7 days followed by 5 mg/kg/day for a maximum of 6 weeks. Aspirates were collected during the study to assay for Ureaplasma. The primary endpoints were incidence of BPD or mortality. (Clinical Trials Identifier: NCT00319956.)ResultsA total of 220 infants were enrolled (n = 111 azithromycin, and 109 placebo). Mortality was 18% for the azithromycin group versus 22% for the placebo group (P = 0.45). Incidence of BPD was 76% for the azithromycin group versus 84% for the placebo group (P = 0.2). The multiple logistic regression analysis demonstrated an odds ratio of 0.46 decrease in the chance of developing BPD or death for the azithromycin group, but was not statistically significant. The incidence of BPD in the Ureaplasma subgroup was 73% in the azithromycin group versus 94% in the placebo group (P = 0.03). Analysis of patients in the Ureaplasma subgroup only, using the exact logistic model demonstrated a decrease in BPD or death in the azithromycin group with an estimated odds ratio of 0.026 (0.001–0.618, 95% confidence interval).ConclusionsRoutine use of azithromycin therapy for the prevention of BPD cannot be recommended. The early treatment of Ureaplasma colonized/infected patients might be beneficial, but a larger multi‐centered trial is required to assess this more definitively. Pediatr. Pulmonol. 2011; 46:111–118. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Dickkopf‐1 (DKK‐1) stimulated prostate cancer growth and metastasis and inhibited bone formation in osteoblastic bone metastases
Authors: Thudi Nanda K. , Martin Chelsea K. , Murahari Sridhar , Shu Sherry T. , Lanigan Lisa G. , Werbeck Jillian L. , Keller Evan T. , McCauley Laurie K. , Pinzone Joseph J. , Rosol Thomas J. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractBACKGROUNDOsteoblastic bone metastasis is the predominant phenotype observed in prostate cancer patients and is associated with high patient mortality and morbidity. However, the mechanisms determining the development of this phenotype are not well understood. Prostate cancer cells secrete several osteogenic factors including Wnt proteins, which are not only osteoinductive but also oncogenic. Therefore, the purpose of the study was to investigate the contribution of the Wnt signaling pathway in prostate cancer growth, incidence of bone metastases, and osteoblastic phenotype of bone metastases. The strategy involved overexpressing the Wnt antagonist, DKK‐1, in the mixed osteoblastic and osteolytic Ace‐1 prostate cancer cells.METHODSAce‐1 prostate cancer cells stably expressing human DKK‐1 or empty vector were established and transduced with lentiviral yellow fluorescent protein (YFP)‐luciferase (Luc). The Ace‐1/vectorYFP‐LUC and Ace‐1/DKK‐1YFP‐LUC cells were injected subcutaneously, intratibially, or in the left cardiac ventricle in athymic mice.RESULTSUnexpectedly, DKK‐1 significantly increased Ace‐1 subcutaneous tumor mass and the incidence of bone metastases after intracardiac injection of Ace‐1 cells. DKK‐1 increased Ace‐1 tumor growth associated with increased phospho46 c‐Jun amino‐terminal kinase by the Wnt noncanonical pathway. As expected, DKK‐1 decreased the Ace‐1 osteoblastic phenotype of bone metastases, as confirmed by radiographic, histopathologic, and microcomputed tomographic analysis. DKK‐1 decreased osteoblastic activity via the Wnt canonical pathway evidenced by an inhibition of T‐cell factor activity in murine osteoblast precursor ST2 cells.CONCLUSIONThe present study showed that DKK‐1 is a potent inhibitor of bone growth in prostate cancer‐induced osteoblastic metastases. Prostate 71:615–625, 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
FINDSITE‐metal: Integrating evolutionary information and machine learning for structure‐based metal‐binding site prediction at the proteome level
Authors: Brylinski Michal , Skolnick Jeffrey 
Published: October 2010

AbstractThe rapid accumulation of gene sequences, many of which are hypothetical proteins with unknown function, has stimulated the development of accurate computational tools for protein function prediction with evolution/structure‐based approaches showing considerable promise. In this article, we present FINDSITE‐metal, a new threading‐based method designed specifically to detect metal‐binding sites in modeled protein structures. Comprehensive benchmarks using different quality protein structures show that weakly homologous protein models provide sufficient structural information for quite accurate annotation by FINDSITE‐metal. Combining structure/evolutionary information with machine learning results in highly accurate metal‐binding annotations; for protein models constructed by TASSER, whose average Cα RMSD from the native structure is 8.9 Å, 59.5% (71.9%) of the best of top five predicted metal locations are within 4 Å (8 Å) from a bound metal in the crystal structure. For most of the targets, multiple metal‐binding sites are detected with the best predicted binding site at rank 1 and within the top two ranks in 65.6% and 83.1% of the cases, respectively. Furthermore, for iron, copper, zinc, calcium, and magnesium ions, the binding metal can be predicted with high, typically 70% to 90%, accuracy. FINDSITE‐metal also provides a set of confidence indexes that help assess the reliability of predictions. Finally, we describe the proteome‐wide application of FINDSITE‐metal that quantifies the metal‐binding complement of the human proteome. FINDSITE‐metal is freely available to the academic community at http://cssb.biology.gatech.edu/findsite‐metal/. Proteins 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
De‐naturalising transit migration. Theory and methods of an ethnographic regime analysis
Authors: Hess Sabine 
Published: October 2010

ABSTRACTAgainst the background of the research project entitled ‘Transit Migration’ (2002–2004), on migration regimes in Turkey, Greece and the Balkan region, the article will discuss methodological and conceptual problems and challenges of qualitative studies of transit migration. By analysing diverse practices and conditions of ‘transit migrations’ the article will argue against attempts to qualitatively define the phenomena. Rather, it suggests applying the concept of ‘precarious transit zone’ in order to grasp the complexity, unsteadiness, and multi‐directionality of many migrational ‘transit‐biographies’. On an ethnographic level the concept of ‘transit zone’ allows a consideration of different figures of transit migrants from those in the traditional sense of the term, visa‐overstayers or rejected asylum seekers transiting diverse countries on their way forward and increasingly also on their difficult way back to their countries of origin as well as the increasing number of migrants ‘stuck in mobility’. Moreover, the concept urges migration research to adopt an ‘ethnographic regime approach’, which implies a multi‐dimensional research design. It combines ethnographic research with discourse analyses and an analytical focus on the macro level. This shows that transit migration is not only shaped by migration related policies by the EU, nation‐states and international/ intergovernmental organisations, but it is shaped by ‘economies of transit’. Additionally an ethnographic regime approach also analyses the impact of academic research itself in re‐constructing categories used by the governing bodies. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Temperature‐dependent photoluminescence measurements on a sub‐micrometer length scale on green light emitting InGaN/GaN quantum wells
Authors: Danhof J. , Vierheilig C. , Schwarz U. T. , Meyer T. , Peter M. , Hahn B. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractFor an InGaN/GaN multiquantum well sample with low threading dislocation density (TDD), temperature‐dependent microphotoluminescence measurements were performed. Evaluation of the behavior of the photoluminescence peak energy leads to the conclusion that even at a length scale of about 500 nm we still see the same S‐shape of the temperature‐dependent energy shift that was observed on a far larger scale. The behavior of the temperature‐dependent full width at half maximum of the spectra and the integrated intensity leads to similar conclusions. We therefore demonstrate that the phenomenon responsible for the S‐shape acts on a length scale that is far smaller than 500 nm. In addition, the behavior of the integrated intensity shows a fluctuation of local point defect density in the analyzed sample with its low TDD.