bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Minimization of residual monomer content of superabsorbent hydrogels via alteration of initiating system
Authors: Kabiri K. , Hesarian S. , Jamshidi A. , Zohuriaan‐Mehr M. J. , Boohendi H. , Poorheravi M. R. , Hashemi S. A. , Ahmad‐Khanbeigi F. 
Published: January 2011

AbstractProduction of superabsorbent polymer hydrogels with minimized residual monomer content is an essential prerequisite particularly in their related hygienic, pharmaceutical, and food packaging products. Effect of two thermodissociating initiators and an innovative two‐step initiation approach on the residual monomer content of acrylic acid‐based SAP was preliminarily investigated. Ammonium persulfate (APS) and 4,4′‐azobis(4‐cyanopentanoic acid) (ACPA) were used as water‐soluble initiators for the aqueous solution polymerization. FTIR spectroscopy was used for the structural characterization. It was found that APS was more effective than ACPA, and residual monomer was determined in the range of 2200–3000 and 8900–16,600 ppm for APS‐ and ACPA‐initiated polymerization products, respectively. Residual monomer resulted from APS/tetramethyl ethylenediamine (TMEDA) initiation system was measured to be about 4500 ± 117 ppm for one step initiation. However, a two‐step initiation strategy using the APS‐TMEDA was exposed to be a very effective method to decrease residual monomer to 212 ± 6 ppm. The variation of the hydrogel properties (i.e., gel content, swelling capacity, and the residual monomer content) versus the initiator system and concentration was discussed based on the basic literature and supported by some rheological evidences obtained from rheoanalysis of water‐swollen samples. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011
A case study on multiple‐choice testing in anatomical sciences
Authors: Golda Stephanie DuPont 
Published: January 2011

AbstractObjective testing techniques, such as multiple‐choice examinations, are a widely accepted method of assessment in gross anatomy. In order to deter cheating on these types of examinations, instructors often design several versions of an examination to distribute. These versions usually involve the rearrangement of questions and their corresponding answer choices. This study will determine whether the distribution of different versions of an examination affects student performance in a lower division anatomical science course. Students who receive the original version of an examination may be at an advantage over those that receive a shuffled version of an examination because of the systematic tendencies that go into examination construction. This study concludes that the shuffling of questions and answer choices to produce multiple versions of an examination does not affect student performance. Anat Sci Educ. © 2011 American Association of Anatomists.
Cardiogenic shock complicating acute myocardial infarction in the elderly: Predictors of long‐term survival
Authors: Tomassini Francesco , Gagnor Andrea , Migliardi Alessandro , Tizzani Emanuele , Infantino Vincenzo , Giolitto Sara , Rosa Conte Maria , Antonio Lanza Gaetano , Gnavi Roberto , Varbella Ferdinando 
Published: January 2011

AbstractBackground: Cardiogenic shock (CS) is a severe complication of acute myocardial infarction (AMI), associated with a high mortality. A significant improvement in survival has been reported with immediate coronary revascularization. However, there is no clear evidence of such an improvement amongst older patients. The aim of our work was to evaluate in‐hospital and long‐term outcomes in the group of elderly AMI patients with CS (≥75 years old). Methods: We collected data of 157 consecutive AMI patients with CS who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and compared clinical and procedural characteristics and in‐hospital and long‐term outcomes between patients <75 years and patients ≥75 years old. Results: There were 58 patients (36.9%) with age ≥75 years and 99 patients (63.1%) with age <75 years. Patients were followed up for an average period of 34 months (range 5–69). In‐hospital and long‐term mortality was significantly higher in the older group (55 vs. 25%, P < 0.0001; and 62.1 vs. 37.3%, P = 0.005, respectively). Multivariate predictors of in‐hospital mortality were age ≥75 years (hazard ratio 1.81, 95% CI 1.006–3.27, P = 0.04) and PCI failure (hazard ratio 2.67, 95% CI 1.34–5.307, P = 0.005), whereas, the only multivariate predictor of long‐term mortality was PCI failure (hazard ratio 2.88, 95% CI 1.52–5.46, P = 0.001). Age ≥75 years showed only a trend toward statistical significance (hazard ratio 1.62, 95% CI 0.96–2.76, P = 0.07). Conclusions: In elderly AMI patients with CS, PCI can be performed with an acceptable risk that seems lower than that reported in most previous studies. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Kinetics and Efficiency Analysis of Electrochemical Oxidation of Phenol: Influence of Anode Materials and Operational Conditions
Authors: Cui Y. H. , Feng Y. J. , Li X. Y. 
Published: January 2011

AbstractThe influence of operational parameters and anode materials on degradation kinetics, mineralization current efficiency, and energy consumption for electrochemical oxidation of phenol was studied. Phenol elimination follows pseudo‐first‐order kinetics in most cases except for the Ti/RuO2 anode with a phenol concentration of 500 mg L–1, where pseudo‐zero‐order kinetics is observed. The total organic carbon removal by a Ti/Sb‐SnO2 anode follows pseudo‐first‐order kinetics in contrast to pseudo‐zero‐order kinetics by Pt and Ti/RuO2 anodes. For a certain anode, a higher current or voltage input results in a higher reaction rate. With a Ti/Sb‐SnO2 anode, the highest current efficiency and the lowest energy consumption are obtained, but the current efficiency decreases (increases for energy consumption) quickly as the reaction is prolonged due to the reduction of organics.
Exceptionally Large Second‐Order Nonlinear Optical Response in Donor–Graphene Nanoribbon–Acceptor Systems
Authors: Zhou Zhong‐Jun , Li Xiao‐Ping , Ma Fang , Liu Zhen‐Bo , Li Zhi‐Ru , Huang Xu‐Ri , Sun Chia‐Chung 
Published: January 2011

AbstractGraphene nanoribbon (GNR) has been used, for the first time, as an excellent conjugated bridge in a donor–conjugated bridge–acceptor (D–B–A) framework to design high‐performance second‐order nonlinear optical materials. Owing to the unique diradical planar conjugated bridge of GNR, D(NH2)–GNR–A(NO2) exhibits exceptionally large static first hyperpolarizability (β0) up to 2.5×106 a.u. (22000×10−30 esu) for H2N–(7,3)ZGNR–NO2 (ZGNR=zigzag‐edged GNR), which is about 15 times larger than the recorded value of β0 (1470×10−30 esu) for the D–A polyene reported by Blanchard‐Desce et al. [Chem. Eur. J. 1997, 3, 1091]. Interestingly, we have found that the size effect of GNR plays a key role in increasing β0 for the H2N–GNR–NO2 system, in which the width effect of GNR perpendicular to the D–A direction is superior to the length effect along the D–A direction.
ChemInform Abstract: Blue‐Emitting Phosphor M2B5O9Cl: Eu2+ (M: Sr, Ca) for White LEDs.
Authors: Guo Chongfeng , Xu Yan , Ding Xu , Li Ming , Yu Jie , Ren Zhaoyu , Bai Jintao 
Published: January 2011

AbstractThe title phosphors are prepared by solid state reaction of stoichiometric amounts of SrCO3 or CaCO3, SrCl2 or CaCl2 (5% excess), H3BO3 (10% excess), and Eu2O3 (corundum crucible, 900 °C, 4 h).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Hollow‐Flower‐Ball‐Like Cd4(OH)5Cl3 Using Microwave Irradiation Method.
Authors: Peng Yin , Liu Shuhua , Yang Zihui 
Published: January 2011

AbstractNew mesoporous hollow‐flower‐ball‐like Cd4(OH)5Cl3 samples are prepared in high yield by microwave irradiation for 10 min of aqueous solutions of CdCl2, hexamethylenetetramine, and polyacrylamide and characterized by powder XRD, FE‐SEM, HRTEM, and UV/VIS spectroscopy.
ChemInform Abstract: Isomorphous Substitutions of Rare Earth Elements for Calcium in Synthetic Hydroxyapatites.
Authors: Ardanova Lyudmyla I. , Get'man Evgeni I. , Loboda Stanislav N. , Prisedsky Vadim V. , Tkachenko Tatiana V. , Marchenko Valeriy I. , Antonovich Valeriy P. , Chivireva Nataliya A. , Chebishev Konstantin A. , Lyashenko Alexandra S. 
Published: January 2011

AbstractPolycrystalline hydroxyapatites Ca10‐xLnx(PO4)6 (OH)2‐xOx and Ca10‐xLnx(VO4)6 (OH)2‐xOx (Ln: La, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb) are prepared from mixtures of CaCO3, (NH4)2HPO4 or NH4VO3, and Ln2O3 at 1100 °C for 30—36 h, or by dissolving the starting compounds in HNO3 or tartric acid solution followed by evaporation and annealing at 600—1100 °C for 6—48 h.
ChemInform Abstract: Bismuth(III) Bromide in Organic Synthesis. A Catalytic Method for the Allylation of Tetrahydrofuranyl and Tetrahydropyranyl Ethers.
Authors: Krabbe Scott W. , Angeles Veronica V. , Mohan Ram S. 
Published: January 2011

AbstractThe procedure affords moderate yields of highly functionalized acetates in a single step from the cyclic ether substrates.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective Synthesis of Butadien‐2‐ylcarbinols via (Silylmethyl)allenic Alcohols from Chromium‐Catalyzed Additions to Aldehydes Utilizing Chiral Carbazole Ligands.
Authors: Duran‐Galvan Maria , Worlikar Shilpa A. , Connell Brian T. 
Published: January 2011

AbstractSeveral new tridentate bis(oxazolinyl)carbazole ligands are synthesized and evaluated as source of chirality in the preparation of allenic alcohol (IIIa).
ChemInform Abstract: Copper‐Catalyzed Thiolation of the Di‐ or Trimethoxybenzene Arene C—H Bond with Disulfides.
Authors: Zhang Shouhui , Qian Pengcheng , Zhang Manli , Hu Maolin , Cheng Jiang 
Published: January 2011

AbstractThe process provides a convenient and efficient method to prepare aryl sulfides like (III) and (V).
ChemInform Abstract: Weinreb Amide Based Building Blocks for Convenient Access to Analogues of Phenstatin.
Authors: Sivaraman Balasubramaniam , Aidhen Indrapal Singh 
Published: January 2011

AbstractPhosphonium salts (I) contain two functionalities to undergo both C—C bond formation through Wittig reaction with simple or functionalized aldehydes, and nucleophilic addition reactions with aryl/heteroarylmagnesium bromides to give diarylketones including novel analogues of phenstatin such as ketones (V).
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐Catalyzed C—H Functionalization of Heteroarenes with Aryl Bromides and Chlorides.
Authors: Tamba Shunsuke , Okubo Youhei , Tanaka Shota , Monguchi Daiki , Mori Atsunori 
Published: January 2011

AbstractThe reaction allows an efficient access to various arylated heteroarenes including a one‐pot, two‐step synthesis of differently substituted 2,5‐diarylthiazoles.
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric Darzens‐Type Epoxidation via Chiral Ammonium Ylides.
Authors: Kinoshita Hiroyo , Ihoriya Akiko , Ju‐ichi Motoharu , Kimachi Tetsutaro 
Published: January 2011

AbstractElectron‐poor benzylammonium chlorides, generated in situ from benzyl chlorides and brucine, undergo a highly trans‐selective asymmetric Darzens‐type epoxide synthesis to yield (S,S)‐products.
ChemInform Abstract: Efficient Two‐Step Sequence for the Synthesis of 2,5‐Disubstituted Furan Derivatives from Functionalized Nitroalkanes: Successive Amberlyst A21‐ and Amberlyst 15‐Catalyzed Processes.
Authors: Palmieri Alessandro , Gabrielli Serena , Ballini Roberto 
Published: January 2011

AbstractThe reaction of ketal‐functionalized nitroalkanes with α‐oxoaldehydes, promoted by Amberlyst A21 and followed by acidic treatment of the mixture with Amberlyst 15, avoids isolation of the nitroaldol intermediates and leads directly to formation of the desired furan derivatives.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐Catalyzed Direct Arylation of Free NH2‐Substituted Thiophene Derivatives.
Authors: Derridj Fazia , Roger Julien , Djebbar Safia , Doucet Henri 
Published: January 2011

AbstractThe most reactive position for a direct arylation of 3‐aminothiophenes is C‐2, which can be blocked by an ester function.
ChemInform Abstract: Morita—Baylis—Hillman Reaction of Indole‐2‐carboxaldehyde: New Vistas for Indole‐Annulated Systems.
Authors: Biswas Subhasish , Singh Virender , Batra Sanjay 
Published: January 2011

AbstractDABCO mediates the title reaction of several N‐substituted indole‐2‐carbaldehydes.
ChemInform Abstract: A Convenient Domino Synthesis of 4,9‐Diphenyl‐2,3‐dihydro‐1H‐benzo[f]isoindole Derivatives.
Authors: Hu Yi‐min , Lin Xian‐gang , Zhu Tao , Wan Jing , Sun Yong‐jie , Zhao Quan‐sheng , Yu Tao 
Published: January 2011

AbstractThe process allows the regioselective preparation of various complex condensed N‐heterocyclic systems in a single operation.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of New 1,1′‐Carbonyl‐bis[3‐aryl(heteroaryl)‐5‐(trihalomethyl)‐1H‐pyrazoles] and Trifluoromethyl Derivatives Through Ring‐Opening Reactions.
Authors: Bonacorso Helio G. , Cechinel Cleber A. , Porte Liliane M. F. , Navarini Jussara , Cavinatto Susiane , Sehnem Ronan C. , Martins Demetrius B. , Zanatta Nilo , Martins Marcos A. P. 
Published: January 2011

AbstractA simple, convenient and regioselective one‐pot condensation reaction is used for the preparation of the title pyrazoles, e.g. (III).
ChemInform Abstract: Dibromination of 5‐Pyrazolones and 5‐Hydroxypyrazoles via Dibromoisocyanuric Acid.
Authors: Cheng Kaung‐Min , Wu Jin Bin , Lin Hui‐Chang , Huang Jiann‐Jyh , Huang Yu‐Ying , Lin Shao‐Kai , Lin Tsung‐Ping , Wong Fung Fuh 
Published: January 2011

AbstractDibromoisocyanuric acid proves to be a more efficient reagent for the dibromination of the title pyrazole derivatives than NBS.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Some Novel 3‐Alkyl/Aryl‐6‐((1H‐benzo[d][1,2,3]triazol‐1‐yl)methyl)‐ [1,2,4]triazolo[3,4‐b][1,3,4]thiadiazoles.
Authors: Chen Xiqing , Liu Chenjiang , Wang Jide , Li Yanping 
Published: January 2011

AbstractCompounds (IIId) and (IIIf) show weak antiinflammatory activity but no analgesic activity.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 7,8‐Diarylflavones by Site‐Selective Suzuki—Miyaura Reactions.
Authors: Malik Imran , Hussain Munawar , Nguyen Thai Hung , Villinger Alexander , Langer Peter 
Published: January 2011

AbstractThe Suzuki coupling of the bis‐triflate (III) is studied with respect to the formation of mono‐ and diarylated products.
ChemInform Abstract: An Efficient Preparation of Chroman Derivatives from 3‐Aryl‐2‐propanols and Related Compounds with 1,3‐Diiodo‐5,5‐dimethylhydantoin under Irradiation Conditions.
Authors: Furuyama Shusuke , Togo Hideo 
Published: January 2011

AbstractTreatment of aryl‐substituted alcohols or carboxylic acids with DIH under irradiation with a tungsten lamp provides the corresponding chroman derivatives or lactones, respectively.
ChemInform Abstract: Fine Tuning of Pd0 Nanoparticle Formation on Hydroxyapatite and Its Application for Regioselective Quinoline Hydrogenation.
Authors: Hashimoto Norifumi , Takahashi Yusuke , Hara Takayoshi , Shimazu Shogo , Mitsudome Takato , Mizugaki Tomoo , Jitsukawa Koichiro , Kaneda Kiyotomi 
Published: January 2011

AbstractThe nanoparticles exhibit significantly high activity for the formation of the corresponding 1,2,3,4‐tetrahydro derivatives.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis, Antitumor, and DNA Binding Behavior of Novel 4‐(2‐Hydroxyquinolin‐3‐yl)‐6‐phenyl‐5,6‐dihydropyrimidine Derivatives in Aqueous Medium.
Authors: Lamani Devappa S. , Reddy K. R. Venugopala , Naik H. S. Bhojya , Pai K. S. R. , Kumar Ravishankar , Fasiulla Fasiulla , Naik H. R. Prakash , Naik L. R. 
Published: January 2011

AbstractReadily available quinolines (Va) and (Vb) exhibit significant in vitro cytotoxicity against human breast carcinoma cells.
ChemInform Abstract: Promising Antimicrobial Agents: Synthetic Approaches to Novel Tricyclic and Tetracyclic Pyrimidinones with Antimicrobial Properties.
Authors: Gaber Hatem M. , Bagley Mark C. , Sherif Sherif M. , Abdul‐Raouf Usama M. 
Published: January 2011

AbstractVarious new compounds containing a thiazolopyrimidine scaffold as part of a tricyclic or tetracyclic framework are synthesized and evaluated for their antibacterial and antifungal activities.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Tetrahydropyrrolo[1,2‐a]quinoxalines and Tetrahydropyrido[1,2‐a]quinoxalines via a One‐Pot CuI‐Catalyzed Aryl Amination—Hydrolysis—Condensation Process.
Authors: Xu Lanting , Jiang Yongwen , Ma Dawei 
Published: January 2011

AbstractReaction of 2‐iodo or 2‐bromotrifluoroacetamides with pipecolinic acid affords quinoxalines (III) and (V) in good yields.
ChemInform Abstract: Reaction of Tellurium Tetrachloride with Acetylene.
Authors: Potapov V. A. , Musalov M. V. , Musalova M. V. , Amosova S. V. 
Published: January 2011

AbstractAddition of TeCl4 to acetylene affords hitherto unknown (E,E)‐bis(chlorovinyl)tellurium dichloride (II), which represents a promising intermediate for the synthesis of organotellurium products.
ChemInform Abstract: A Stereocontrolled Synthesis of (.+‐.)‐Xenovenine via a Scandium(III)‐Catalyzed Internal Aminodiene Bicyclization Terminated by a 2‐(5‐Ethyl‐2‐thienyl)ethenyl Group.
Authors: Jiang Tao , Livinghouse Tom 
Published: January 2011

AbstractCompared to the alkyl alkene substrate bearing the hexyl group, the heteroaromatic‐ethenyl substituent as a masked analogue increases the yield with concomitant rate enhancement at lower temperature.
ChemInform Abstract: New Xanthones from the Barks of Cratoxylum sumatranum ssp. neriifolium.
Authors: Nuangnaowarat Warraphong , Phupong Worrapong , Isaka Masahiko 
Published: January 2011

AbstractThe xanthones neriifolone A—C (I)—(III), resp., are isolated together with eight known xanthones.
ChemInform Abstract: Time‐Resolved Synchrotron Diffraction and Theoretical Studies of Very Short‐Lived Photoinduced Molecular Species
Authors: Coppens Philip , Benedict Jason , Messerschmidt Marc , Novozhilova Irina , Graber Tim , Chen Yu Sheng , Vorontsov Ivan , Scheins Stephan , Zheng Shao Liang 
Published: January 2011

AbstractReview: 42 refs.
Molecular Diversity of Tonghaosu Analogues, Selective Oxidation of the exo‐Cyclic Double Bond of Spiroacetal Enol Ethers and Diasteroselective Synthesis of Spiro‐Pyranone
Authors: Yin Biaolin , Lai Jinqiang , Zhang Zeren , Wu Yulin 
Published: January 2011

AbstractTwo methods including NBS/AgNO3 system and MCPBA oxidation have been developed for the selective oxidations of the exo‐cyclic double bond of spiroacetal enol ethers 2 with multi reactive sites into spiro‐pyanones 3 and 4. In addition, possible mechanisms for these conversions are proposed.
Electrocatalytic Oxidation of Formaldehyde on Copper Oxide Nano‐crystalline Modified Glassy Carbon Electrode
Authors: Jing Zhenhui , Lin Xiangqin 
Published: January 2011

AbstractThis research found a cheap and efficient catalyst for electrooxidation of formaldehyde (HCHO). A CuO nano‐crystalline modified glassy carbon electrode (GCE) was fabricated and had an excellent electrocatalytic activity towards the oxidation of HCHO. Both the effect of potential scan rate and the effect of HCHO concentration on the electrocatalytic oxidation performance of the electrode were investigated. The amperometric current response of the electrode was proportional to HCHO concentration in the range of 1.0 µmol·L−1–10.0 mmol·L−1 with a detection limit (s/n=3) of 0.25 µmol·L−1. The electrode was stable, showing the CuO nano‐crystlline is promising for applications in fuel cells and electrochemical sensors.
Synthesis of Copper Oxide Hierarchical Nanostructures
Authors: Fang Zhen , Lin Xiu , Jian Xia , Wang Xueying , Wei Xianwen , Tao Feng 
Published: January 2011

AbstractThe copper oxide (CuO) hierarchical nanostructures were synthesized by a simple hydrothermal reaction, using copper(II) acetylacetonate and NaOH as the reactants. The morphologies of CuO nanostructures are strongly influenced by the dosage of copper(II) acetylacetonate, alkali concentration and reaction temperature. The possible formation process was also discussed on the basis of time‐dependent experiments. This simple solution‐phase method may be useful for morphological synthesis of other oxides nanocrystals.
Novel Method for Preparing NH4NiPO4·6H2O: Hydrogen Bonding Coacervate Selective Self‐assembly
Authors: Wu Wenwei , Li Shushu , Wu Xuehang , Liao Sen , Cao Jinchao 
Published: January 2011

AbstractThe single phase NH4NiPO4·6H2O was synthesized by solid‐state reaction at room temperature using NiSO4·6H2O and (NH4)3PO4·3H2O as raw materials. The NH4NiPO4·6H2O and its calcined products were characterized using X‐ray powder diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetry and differential thermal analyses (TG/DTA), Fourier transform IR (FT‐IR), ultraviolet‐visible (UV‐vis) absorption spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results showed that the product dried at 80°C for 3 h was orthorhombic NH4NiPO4·6H2O [space group Pmm2(25)], and surfactant polyethylene glycol (PEG)‐400 can direct growth of crystal NH4NiPO4·6H2O. The thermal process of NH4NiPO4·6H2O experienced three steps, which involve the dehydration of the five crystal water molecules at first, and then deamination, dehydration of the one crystal water, intramolecular dehydration of the protonated phosphate groups together, at last crystallization of Ni2P2O7. The product of thermal decomposition at 150°C for 2 h, orthorhombic NH4NiPO4·H2O, is layered compound with an interlayer distance of 0.8370 nm.
Synthesis and Biological Activity Test of Some New Five Membered Heterocycles
Authors: Xia Qingchun , Xu Dongfang , He Qizhuang , Li Xingyu , Sun Dazhi 
Published: January 2011

AbstractA new series of 1,3,4‐oxadiazoles, 1,2,4‐triazoles, 1,3,4‐thiadiazoles were synthesized using alkylhydrazides as the starting materials, and then 1,2,4‐triazoles were used to synthesize [1,2,4]triazolo[3,4‐b][1,3,4]thiadiazoles. All the compounds were evaluated for in vitro antibacterial activity and antitumor activity.
An Expedient Approach to the Benzopyran Core: Application to Synthesis of the Natural Products (±)‐Xyloketals and (±)‐Alboatrin
Authors: Xu Zhongliang , Li Yiying , Lu Bingtai , Pang Jiyan , Lin Yongcheng 
Published: January 2011

AbstractA mild and efficient protocol for the synthesis of the benzopyran ring has been described and a series of chromans compounds is reported, the yield is from 72% to 95%. The diadduct tended to angular product and showed good regioselectivity. This strategy was applied for the benzopyran derived natural products (±)‐xyloketals and (±)‐alboatrin. The crystal of compound 9 exhibited centro‐symmetric space group, containing two isomers in one unit. The relative configurations were 1R,10R,15S and 34S,22R,30S, respectively.
Synthesis, Radiolabelling and in vitro Stability Study of 99mTc(CO)+3 Labeled Dendrimer PAMAM‐Folic Acid Conjugate
Authors: Zhang Yuanqing , Xu Xiaoping , Sun Yanhong , Shen Yumei 
Published: January 2011

AbstractDendrimer polyamidoamine generation five‐folic acid conjugate was synthesesed and radiolabelled with fac‐[99mTc(CO)3(H2O)3]+, its in vitro stability was evaluated further. Both of the labeling yield and radiochemical purity of the G5‐FA‐DTPA‐99mTc(CO)3 conjugate exceeded 95%. More than 95.7% and 93.1% of the conjugate still keeps its original structure in PBS and new‐born calf serum solution respectively.
Sodium Acetate Catalyzed Multicomponent Cyclization of Aromatic Aldehydes, Acetone and Meldrum Acid
Authors: An Lin , Yang Feng , Yao Rong , Yan Chaoguo 
Published: January 2011

AbstractThe sodium acetate catalyzed three‐component reaction of aromatic aldehyde, acetone and Meldrum acid or spirolactone at room temperature gave stereospecific 7,11‐cis‐diaryl‐2,4‐dioxaspiro[5,5]undecane‐1,5,9‐triones in a very efficient manner.
Efficient Preparation of the Key Intermediate in Corey's Tamiflu Synthesis
Authors: Hong Zhangyong , Cui Qi , Peng Jiannan , Hu Huan , Chen Zeming 
Published: January 2011

AbstractA very efficient two‐step synthesis was developed to prepare the key intermediate in Corey's Tamiflu synthesis. DBU (1,8‐diazabicyclo[5.4.0] undec‐7‐ene) was used as a multifunctional catalyst for a series of reactions in a one pot procedure. The new synthesis was featured by the good availability of the starting material and the ease of the synthetic steps. This method might be practical for large scale preparations.