bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Simple Liquid Chromatographic Method for the Simultaneous Determination of Antidepressants in Pharmaceutical Preparations
Authors: Pan Chi‐Wen , Duh Tsai‐Hui , Wu Hsin‐Lung 
Published: June 2012

AbstractFluoxetine (FT), fluvoxamine (FX), sertraline (ST) and trazodone (TD) are new type of antidepressants acting as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs). In structures, they all have chromophore and can be easily monitored by UV absorption spectrophotometry. A simple isocratic high‐performance liquid chromatographic method with ultraviolet detection (215 nm) was developed for the simultaneous quantification of FT, FX, ST and TD. The determination range of the method is over 10.0–400.0 μM for each drug. The detection limits (S/N = 3, injection 20 μL) are about 0.1 μM for TD, 0.2 μM for FT, FX and ST. The relative standard deviation and relative error of the method for intra‐ and inter‐day analyses of FT, FX, ST and TD were all below 3.7%. Application of the method to the analysis of FT, FX or ST in pharmaceutical product proved feasible. The method could be used for the quality control assay of the analytes in bulk and in formulations.
Measurement of the Binding of Adenosylcobalamin to Glutamate Mutase by Fluorescence Spectroscopy
Authors: Lin Heng‐Ju , Hsu Hui‐Ju , Duann Yeh‐Fang , Chen Hao‐Ping 
Published: June 2012

AbstractFluorescence spectroscopy is a fast, highly sensitive technique for investigating protein‐ligand interactions. Intrinsic protein fluorescence is usually occurred by exciting the proteins with 280‐295 nm ultraviolet light, and the light emission is observed approximately between 330‐350 nm. No emission light between 330‐350 nm can be observed when adenosylcobalamin (AdoCbl) is excited at 282 nm. The binding of AdoCbl to glutamate mutase was therefore investigated by fluorescence spectroscopy in this study. Our results show that direct measurement for determining the Kd of AdoCbl by fluorescence spectroscopy leads to significant errors. Here we report the source of error and a corrected method for measuring the binding of coenzyme B12 to glutamate mutase using fluorescence spectroscopy.
Infinite Basis Set Extrapolation for Double Hybrid Density Functional Theory 2: Effect of Adding Diffuse Basis Functions
Authors: Chuang Yao‐Yuan , Chen Sheng‐Min 
Published: June 2012

AbstractWe applied the Infinite Basis (IB) set extrapolation and Double Hybrid Density Functional Theory (DHDF) to calculate the electron affinities, reaction barrier heights, proton affinities, non‐covalent interactions, atomization, ionization, and alkyl bond dissociation energies. We previously found that the mean unsigned error of the B2KPLYP‐IB calculation with the combination of cc‐pVTZ and cc‐pVQZ reach the chemical accuracy limit (∼2 kcal/mol) where the largest deviation occurred in the electron affinity calculations and the weak interactions between noble gases and nonpolar molecules. Here, we investigated the basis set effect using the B2KPLYP‐IB extrapolation scheme that involves (1) the addition of extra tight d basis functions to the second row elements (i.e. cc‐pV(L+d)Z), (2) the addition of extra s, p, and d diffuse basis functions, and (3) a comparison between Dunning's Correlation Consistent and Jensen's Polarization Consistent (pc‐L) basis sets. We found that the addition of extra s and p diffuse basis functions formed the minimal augmented basis sets proposed by Truhlar. This addition permitted the B2KPLYP‐IB to reach the chemical accuracy limit with the combination of the double ζ and triple ζ basis sets. Adding extra s, p diffuse functions to the pc‐L series permitted only a small improvement. This small improvement is due to the fact that the pc‐L basis sets already contain a large number of functions for the p block elements. Taken together, the results suggest that this minimal augmented basis sets is useful for due to its accuracy and affordable computational cost.
Rapid Preparation of C18 Monoliths for Micro‐column Separation Using Ultraviolet and Microwave Irradiation
Authors: Bai Lianyang , Gong Wenjun , Duan Qirong , Chen Jun , Zhang Yuping 
Published: June 2012

AbstractAn organic‐based monolith with long alkyl chain ligands was prepared by UV photo‐initiation using (a) 1‐octadecene as a functional monomer, (b) ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EDMA) as the cross‐linking agent, (c) 1‐propanol, 1,4‐butanediol and dimethylformamide as triporogenic solvents, and (d) Irgacure 1800 as the initiator. The monoliths containing a high fraction of 1‐octadecene possessed a better total porosity, improved permeability, and result in faster separation. Similar monolithic capillary was quickly fabricated in 3 min by microwave irradiation using azobisisobutyronitrile as the thermal initiator. Conventional polyimide‐coated capillaries were used instead of expensive UV‐transparent capillaries in both methods.
Delirium in hospitalized patients: Implications of current evidence on clinical practice and future avenues for research—A systematic evidence review
Authors: Khan Babar A. , Zawahiri Mohammed , Campbell Noll L. , Fox George C. , Weinstein Eric J. , Nazir Arif , Farber Mark O. , Buckley John D. , MacLullich Alasdair , Boustani Malaz A. 
Published: June 2012

AbstractBACKGROUND:Despite the significant burden of delirium among hospitalized adults, critical appraisal of systematic data on delirium diagnosis, pathophysiology, treatment, prevention, and outcomes is lacking.PURPOSE:To provide evidence‐based recommendations for delirium care to practitioners, and identify gaps in delirium research.DATA SOURCES:Medline, PubMed, the Cochrane Library, and the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) information systems from January 1966 to April 2011.STUDY SELECTION:All published systematic evidence reviews (SERs) on delirium were evaluated.DATA EXTRACTION:Three reviewers independently extracted the data regarding delirium risk factors, diagnosis, prevention, treatment, and outcomes, and critically appraised each SER as good, fair, or poor using the United States Preventive Services Task Force criteria.DATA SYNTHESIS:Twenty‐two SERs graded as good or fair provided the data. Age, cognitive impairment, depression, anticholinergic drugs, and lorazepam use were associated with an increased risk for developing delirium. The Confusion Assessment Method (CAM) is reliable for delirium diagnosis outside of the intensive care unit. Multicomponent nonpharmacological interventions are effective in reducing delirium incidence in elderly medical patients. Low‐dose haloperidol has similar efficacy as atypical antipsychotics for treating delirium. Delirium is associated with poor outcomes independent of age, severity of illness, or dementia.CONCLUSION:Delirium is an acute, preventable medical condition with short‐ and long‐term negative effects on a patient's cognitive and functional states. Journal of Hospital Medicine 2012; © 2012 Society of Hospital Medicine
Differences in posttraumatic stress reactions between witnesses and direct victims of motor vehicle accidents
Authors: Tierens Marlies , Bal Sarah , Crombez Geert , Loeys Tom , Antrop Inge , Deboutte Dirk 
Published: June 2012

AbstractThe present study describes posttraumatic stress reactions in young witnesses of motor vehicle accidents (MVAs). This study investigated (a) whether witnesses of MVAs report fewer trauma symptoms than direct victims, but more than adolescents who were never exposed to an MVA; and (b) whether individual differences in sex, negative appraisal, avoidant coping, and social support account for variability in trauma symptoms beyond status as a witness as compared to a victim. Self‐report data came from a community‐based sample of 3,007 adolescents with an average age of 14.6 years and comprising 53% boys. Compared to direct victims of an MVA in which someone was injured, witnesses of MVAs with injury reported significantly less internalizing symptoms, such as symptoms of posttraumatic stress (d = 0.25), fear (d = 0.21), and depression (d = 0.17). Compared to adolescents who were never exposed to an MVA with injury, witnesses reported significantly more externalizing symptoms (d = 0.24). In multiple regression analyses the significant difference between witnesses and victims disappeared when sex, other stressful events, appraisals, and coping were added to the model. These findings suggest that adolescent witnesses, as well as direct victims, may be at risk for posttraumatic reactions.
Measures of psychophysiological arousal among resettled traumatized iraqi refugees seeking psychological treatment
Authors: Slewa‐Younan Shameran , Chippendale Kerenze , Heriseanu Andreea , Lujic Sanja , Atto John , Raphael Beverley 
Published: June 2012

AbstractResettled refugees living in Western countries frequently report high levels of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depression. This study sought to measure levels of physiological arousal in a group of resettled Iraqi refugees in Australia receiving psychological treatment. A continuous recording of electrocardiogram (ECG) data was used to examine baseline heart rate (HR) and heart rate variability (HRV) in refugees (n = 25) and healthy age‐ and sex‐matched controls (n = 23). Descriptively, PTSD (48%) was the most commonly noted disorder followed equally by major depressive episode (36%) and dysthymia (36%) in the refugees. Examination of the physiological data indicated that the refugee group had increased resting HR compared with healthy controls (78.84 vs. 60.08 beats per minute, p < .001). No significant differences were noted in the HRV data with age, gender, and years of education included in the model. This finding highlights the importance of examining levels of arousal in refugees presenting with mental health complaints to provide appropriate treatment strategies.
What can multiwave studies teach us about disaster research: An analysis of low‐income Hurricane Katrina survivors
Authors: Green Gillian , Lowe Sarah R. , Rhodes Jean E. 
Published: June 2012

AbstractPrevious research on natural disasters has been limited by a lack of predisaster data and statistical analyses that do not adequately predict change in psychological symptoms. In the current study, we addressed these limitations through analysis of 3 waves of data from a longitudinal investigation of 313 low‐income, African American mothers who were exposed to Hurricane Katrina. Although postdisaster cross‐sectional estimates of the impact of traumatic stress exposure and postdisaster social support on postdisaster psychological distress were somewhat inflated, the general trends persisted when controlling for predisaster data (B = 0.88 and −0.33, vs. B = 0.81 and −0.27, respectively). Hierarchical linear modeling of the 3 waves of data revealed that lower predisaster social support was associated with higher psychological distress at the time of the disaster (β = −.16), and that higher traumatic stress exposure was associated with greater increases in psychological distress after the storm (β = .86). Based on the results, we suggest that the impact of traumatic stress on psychological trajectories cannot be accounted for solely by preexisting risk, and recommend more complex research designs to further illuminate the complex, dynamic relationships between psychological distress, traumatic stress exposure, and social support.
Ethnic differences in symptoms among female veterans diagnosed with PTSD
Authors: C'de Baca Janet , Castillo Diane , Qualls Clifford 
Published: June 2012

AbstractAmong U.S. male Vietnam veterans, Hispanics have been shown to have higher rates of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) than African Americans and non‐Hispanic Whites (Kulka et al., 1990). In terms of gender, Tolin and Foa's (2006) meta‐analysis suggested women experience higher rates of PTSD than men. This study examined ethnic differences in PTSD and other symptomatology among 398 female veterans (63% non‐Hispanic White, 28% Hispanic, 9% African American) seeking treatment for PTSD from 1995 to 2009 at a Veterans Administration (VA) behavioral health clinic. The following symptom clusters were examined: anxiety/PTSD, depression, anger/hostility, and psychotic/dissociative symptoms. Few differences were found among the groups, suggesting the 3 ethnic groups studied were more similar than different. African American female veterans, however, scored higher on measuring ideas of persecution/paranoia, although this may reflect an adaptive response to racism. These findings warrant further investigation to elucidate this relationship.
Synthesis and Photophysical Behavior of Pyrene‐Bearing Cellulose Nanocrystals for Fe3+ Sensing
Authors: Zhang Lingzhi , Li Qian , Zhou Jinping , Zhang Lina 
Published: June 2012

AbstractCellulose nanocrystals are converted into fluorescent labeling nanoparticles (Py‐CNC) by a three‐step procedure. The fluorescence emission of pyrene is enhanced after the modification to cellulose nanocrystals. Py‐CNC is evaluated for its sensing ability towards metal ions and exhibits high selectivity towards Fe3+ among other screened metal ions with good discrimination between Fe2+ and Fe3+. The excellent selectivity for Fe3+ over a wide linear concentration range is observed through changes in the emission spectra. Spectroscopic analyses prove that the coordination interaction between Fe3+ and pyrene‐modified cellulose nanocrystals leads to the recognition process. This sensing nanomaterial can be employed as a chemosensor for Fe3+ and promoted for many applications in chemical, environmental, and biological systems.
New explicit approximate solution of MHD viscoelastic boundary layer flow over stretching sheet
Authors: Abdou Mohamed Aly Mohamed , Soliman Abdel‐Maksoud Abdel‐Kader 
Published: June 2012

In this paper, the study the momentum and heat transfer characteristics in an incompressible electrically conducting non‐Newtonian boundary layer flow of a viscoelastic fluid over a stretching sheet. The partial differential equations governing the flow and heat transfer characteristics are converted into highly nonlinear coupled ordinary differential equations by similarity transformations.The resultant coupled highly nonlinear ordinary differential equations are solved by means of, homotopy analysis method (HAM) for constructing an approximate solution of heat transfer in magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) viscoelastic boundary layer flow over a stretching sheet with non‐uniform heat source.The proposed method is a strong and easy to use analytic tool for nonlinear problems and does not need small parameters in the equations. The HAM solutions contain an auxiry parameter, which provides a convenient way of controlling the convergence region of series solutions. The results obtained here reveal that the proposed method is very effective and simple for solving nonlinear evolution equations. The method is straightforward and concise, and it can also be applied to other nonlinear evolution equations in physics. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Globale Grippegefahr
Authors: Groß Michael 
Published: June 2012

AbstractGrippeviren, die von Haustieren auf Menschen überspringen, können zu Pandemien mit hoher Sterblichkeit führen. Die Menschheit ist darauf nicht gut vorbereitet, und zwei umstrittene Publikationen, die zeigen, wie leicht ein Virus übertragbar werden kann, haben die Sorgen vermehrt.
Einfach und frei: Protein‐Ligand‐Docking
Authors: Pippel Martin , Scharfe Michael , Meier René , Sippl Wolfgang 
Published: June 2012

AbstractDas Programm Paradocks liefert Open‐source‐Algorithmen und ‐Anwendungen, um Wechselwirkungen von Proteinen und Liganden für die medizinische Chemie zu beschreiben. Die Komponenten und Schnittstellen der Software sind so programmiert, dass der Quellcode möglichst problemlos zu erweitern ist.
Vertriebsmanagement in der Spezialchemie
Authors: Kühne Andreas 
Published: June 2012

AbstractHersteller müssen einem steigenden Innovations‐ und Kostendruck standhalten, um am Markt zu bestehen. Werkzeuge, die sowohl im Vertrieb als auch in der technischen Abteilung frühzeitig die Chancen bewerten, ermöglichen eine effizientere Ressourcenverteilung.
In‐situ‐Beobachtung,
Authors: Koch Marcus , Quilitz Mario , Schmid Herbert , de Jonge Niels 
Published: June 2012

AbstractHochauflösungs‐TEM/STEM spektroskopiert und bildet Strukturen atomar aufgelöst ab. Mit einerMikrofluid‐Probenkammer eignet sich das Elektronenmikroskop auch für In‐situ‐Untersuchungen zu lebens‐ und materialwissenschaftlichen Fragen.
“… zur Not kann ich immer noch Straßenmusiker werden …”
Authors: Kahlert Heike 
Published: June 2012

AbstractSoziologinnen haben Chemikerinnen und Chemiker am Ende der Promotion und Beginn der Postdoc‐Phase zu ihren Karriereplänen befragt. Der Karrieretyp “Wissenschaft als Beruf” kennt die Risiken einer wissenschaftlichen Laufbahn, möchte diese aber dennoch nach der Doktorarbeit weiter verfolgen, auch wenn er am Ende auf der Straße landet. Die Studie identifizierte zwei weitere Typen von Karrierezielen und fand auch heraus, welche Faktoren dazu führen, dass Frauen oft eine wissenschaftliche Laufbahn in der Chemie erst gar nicht anstreben.
An embedded mesh method for treating overlapping finite element meshes
Authors: Sanders Jessica , Puso Michael A. 
Published: June 2012

SUMMARYA new technique for treating the mechanical interactions of overlapping finite element meshes is presented. Such methods can be useful for numerous applications, for example, fluid–solid interaction with a superposed meshed solid on an Eulerian background fluid grid. In this work, we consider the interaction of two elastic domains: one mesh is the foreground and defines the surface of interaction, the other is a background mesh and is often a structured grid. Many of the previously proposed methods employ surface defined Lagrange multipliers or penalties to enforce the boundary constraints. It has become apparent that these methods will cause mesh locking under certain conditions. Appropriately applied, the Nitsche method can overcome this locking, but, in its canonical form, is generally not applicable to non‐linear materials such as hyperelastics. The relationship between interior point penalty, discontinuous Galerkin and Nitsche's method is well known. Based on this relationship, a nonlinear theory analogous to the Nitsche method is proposed to treat nonlinear materials in an embedded mesh. Here, a discontinuous Galerkin derivative based on a lifting of the interface surface integrals provides a consistent treatment for non‐linear materials and demonstrates good behavior in example problems. Published 2012. This article is a US Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.
Improvements in the reliability and element quality of parallel tetrahedral mesh generation
Authors: Chen Jianjun , Zhao Dawei , Huang Zhengge , Zheng Yao , Wang Desheng 
Published: June 2012

SUMMARYThe paper presents a parallel tetrahedral mesh generation approach based on recursive bidivisions using triangular surfaces. Research was conducted for addressing issues concerning mesh generation reliability and element quality. A novel procedure employing local modification techniques is proposed for repairing the intersecting interdomain mesh instead of directly repeating the bidivision procedure, which improves the robustness of the complete meshing procedure significantly. In addition, a new parallel quality improvement scheme is suggested for optimizing the distributed volume meshes. The scheme is free of any communication cost and highly efficient. Finally, mesh experiments of hundreds of millions of elements are performed to demonstrate the reliability, effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed method and its potential applications to large‐scale simulations of complex aerodynamics models. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Fatherhood intervention development in collaboration with African American non‐resident fathers
Authors: Julion Wrenetha A. , Breitenstein Susan M. , Waddell Donald 
Published: June 2012

AbstractBecause interventions developed in partnership with African American fathers not residing with their children are virtually non‐existent, existing interventions fail to address the multiple factors that constrain these fathers' positive involvement with their children. We developed a videotape fatherhood intervention:Building Bridges to Fatherhood. In collaboration with a Fathers Advisory Council composed of 12 African American fathers, we used Aranda's framework for community‐based nursing intervention development to design the intervention. Data from 13 focus group meetings show Advisory Council members' insights on program structure and content, fathers' commitment to their children and communities, and the benefits they garnered from Council participation. The implications for involving fathers in intervention development include using relevant language, vernacular, and interpersonal interactions. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Res Nurs Health 35:490–506, 2012
Optimal dropout policies for networked control systems
Authors: Ling Qiang 
Published: June 2012

SUMMARYBy realizing the feedback paths over communication networks, we get a class of networked control systems (NCSs), where the network's quality‐of‐service (QoS) is commonly characterized by the average dropout rate of feedback data packets. The control performance of an NCS however, is determined not only by the average dropout rate but also by the dropout pattern of feedback data packets. This paper provides a systematic way to determine the optimal dropout pattern (policy) under a given average dropout rate, where the performance is measured by the output signal power under an exogenous white noise. By modeling the finite‐memory dropout policies with the general Markov chain, this paper formulates the optimal dropout policy design into the optimization of parameters of a dropout Markov chain. That optimization is first solved by an augmented Lagrangian gradient method, which may be stuck at local optima because of the problem's non‐convexity. To compensate this weakness, we apply the branch‐and‐bound method to the optimization whose constraints are bilinear. The branch‐and‐bound method can approach the global optimal solution with any desired tolerance in finite steps. The obtained optimal dropout policy may be interpreted as a network's QoS constraint whose enforcement provides a hard guarantee on the control system's performance. An example is used to illustrate the effectiveness of the achieved results. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.