bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pitfalls in forest carbon sink projection
Authors: Dong Yanli , Yu Zhen , Agathokleous Evgenios , Zhou Guoyi , Liu Shirong 
Published: May 2024

AbstractGlobal forests are increasingly crucial for achieving net-zero carbon emissions, with a quarter of the mitigation efforts under the Paris Climate Agreement directed towards forests. In China, forests currently contribute to 13% of the global land's carbon sink, but their stability and persistence remain uncertain. We examined and identified that published studies suffered from oversimplifications of ecosystem succession and tree demographic dynamics, as well as poor constraints on land quality. Consequently, substantial estimations might have been suffered from underrepresented or ignored crucial factors, including tree demographic dynamics, and disturbances and habitat shifts caused by global climate change. We argue that these essential factors should be considered to enhance the reliability and accuracy of assessments of the potential for forest carbon sinks.
Old Pinus massoniana forests benefit more from recent rapid warming in humid subtropical areas of central-southern China
Authors: Li Wenxin , Zhu Liangjun , Zhu Lianhua , Jing Mengdan , Qian Censhi , Zhu Yu , Cherubini Paolo 
Published: May 2024

AbstractTrees progress through various growth stages, each marked by specific responses and adaptation strategies to environmental conditions. Despite the importance of age-related growth responses on overall forest health and management policies, limited knowledge exists regarding age-related effects on dendroclimatic relationships in key subtropical tree species. In this study, we employed a dendrochronological method to examine the impact of rapid warming on growth dynamics and climatic sensitivity of young (40–60 years) and old (100–180 years) Pinus massoniana forests across six sites in central-southern China. The normalized log basal area increment of trees in both age groups increased significantly following rapid warming in 1984. Trees in young forests further showed a distinct growth decline during a prolonged severe drought (2004–2013), whereas those in old forests maintained growth increases. Tree growth was more strongly influenced by temperature than by moisture, particularly in old forests. Spring temperatures strongly and positively impacted the growth of old trees but had a weaker effect on young ones. Old forests had a significantly lower resistance to extreme drought but faster recovery compared to young forests. The “divergence problem” was more pronounced in younger forests due to their heightened sensitivity to warming-induced drought and heat stress. With ongoing warming, young forests also may initially experience a growth decline due to their heightened sensitivity to winter drought. Our findings underscore the importance of considering age-dependent changes in forest/tree growth response to warming in subtropical forest management, particularly in the context of achieving “Carbon Peak & Carbon Neutrality” goals in China.
Optimization of gluten-free cake formulation by replacement of rice flour and baking powder with different levels of eggshell powder using response surface methodology
Authors: Nakilcioglu Emine , Dadalı Ceyda 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe shell and membrane of the egg constitute approximately 11% of the whole egg and is an important food industry waste. Eggshells can be used as an additional source of calcium to the diet because of their low cost and high bioavailability. This study aimed to design and produce the optimum formulation for the gluten-free cake using eggshell powder as rice flour and baking powder replacer by Face-Centered Composite Design. According to the results, it was determined that the optimized formulation should contain 9.85% eggshell powder as a rice flour replacer and 32.78% eggshell powder as a baking powder replacer to obtain a gluten-free cake with a desirable profile in terms of hardness, specific volume, color ($${\text{L}}_{{{\text{crust}}}}^{*}$$

L

crust

∗

and $${\text{L}}_{{{\text{crumb}}}}^{*}$$

L

crumb

∗

values), ash content, calcium content, and overall acceptability. The gluten-free cake with eggshell powder obtained was characterized as a product rich in calcium, high in ash content, high in specific volume, with a brighter colour and good sensory acceptability. Also, the proximate properties of the gluten-free cake produced with the optimum formulation were also reported. These findings show for the first time that eggshell powder can be used as a rice flour and a baking powder replacer for the formulation of gluten-free cake.
The association between dynamic balance and executive function: Which dynamic balance test has the strongest association with executive function? A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Divandari Nahid , Bird Marie‑Louise , Vakili Mahdi , Jaberzadeh Shapour 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Aim
The aging global population poses increasing challenges related to falls and dementia. Early identification of cognitive decline, particularly before noticeable symptoms manifest, is crucial for effective intervention. This review aims to determine the dynamic balance test most closely associated with executive function, potentially serving as a biomarker for cognitive decline.

Recent findings
Based on recent reviews, inhibitory control, a component of executive function, holds significance in influencing balance performance. Studies suggest that the strength of the correlation between cognition and balance tends to be domain-specific and task-specific. Despite these findings, inconclusive evidence remains regarding the connection between executive function and various dynamic balance assessments.

Summary
Our review identifies a significant association between all dynamic balance tests and executive function, albeit with varying strengths. Notably, a medium effect size is observed for the Timed Up and Go and Functional Reach Test, a small effect size for balance scales, and a strong effect size for postural sway. This review underscores a clear relationship between dynamic balance task performance and executive function. Dynamic posturography holds potential as a clinical biomarker for early detection of cognitive decline, with a note of caution due to observed heterogeneity and limited studies.
Exception to the Puppe’s rule reloaded and a warning in the interpretation of skull fractures: they run even through recent craniotomy burr holes
Authors: Amadasi Alberto , Franceschetti Lorenzo , Amadasi Larissa , Oesterhelweg Lars 
Published: May 2024

AbstractA possible “exception” to Puppe’s rule regarding the intersection of skull fractures has been previously addressed due to the observation that skull fractures can pass through old and remodeled craniotomies. In a further case presented herein, however, it was shown that cranial fractures are also able to pass through recent burr holes, a phenomenon never previously described. A 63-year-old man sustained a self-inflicted gunshot wound to the right temple region, with an exit wound in the left temporal region. Twenty-five days prior, the patient had undergone parietal craniotomy for the evacuation of a subdural hematoma secondary to glioblastoma. Among the fracture lines originating from the exit wound, one traversed the craniotomy hole, terminating approximately 1.4 cm beyond its contralateral margin. This illustrates that cranial fractures possess the capability to cross “fresh” burr holes that have not undergone to bone remodeling. Consequently, the evaluation of Puppe’s rule should be reconsidered, particularly in cases of gunshot injuries, wherein fractures pass through full-thickness circular lesions (such as entry and exit wounds). The varied scenarios underscore the potential for fractures to “pass through” these burr holes if they have not themselves generated fracture lines, as may be the case with entry holes with circular lesions without fractures.
An analysis of the association between breast density and body mass index with breast cancer molecular subtypes in early breast cancer: data from a Spanish population
Authors: Calvo Isabel , González-Rodríguez Marta , Neria Fernando , Gallegos Isabel , García-Sánchez Lourdes , Sánchez-Gómez Rosa , Pérez Silvia , Arenas María Fernanda , Estévez Laura G. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Breast cancer is an important health problem, like obesity and dyslipidemia, with a strong association between body mass index (BMI) and breast cancer incidence and mortality. The risk of breast cancer is also high in women with high mammographic breast density (MBD). The purpose of this study was to analyze the association between BMI and MBD according to breast cancer molecular subtypes.

Methods
This transversal, descriptive, multicenter study was conducted at three Spanish breast cancer units from November 2019 to October 2020 in women with a recent diagnosis of early breast cancer. Data were collected at the time of diagnosis.

Results
The study included 162 women with a recent diagnosis of early breast cancer. The median age was 52 years and 49.1% were postmenopausal; 52% had normal weight, 32% overweight, and 16% obesity. There was no association between BMI and molecular subtype but, according to menopausal status, BMI was significantly higher in postmenopausal patients with luminal A (p = 0.011) and HER2-positive (p = 0.027) subtypes. There was no association between MBD and molecular subtype, but there were significant differences between BMI and MBD (p < 0.001), with lower BMI in patients with higher MBD. Patients with higher BMI had lower HDL-cholesterol (p < 0.001) and higher insulin (p < 0.001) levels, but there were no significant differences in total cholesterol or vitamin D.

Conclusions
This study showed higher BMI in luminal A and HER2-positive postmenopausal patients, and higher BMI in patients with low MBD regardless of menopausal status.
Turkish adaptation of a brief self-report measure of fantasy proneness: The Creative Experiences Questionnaire (CEQ)
Authors: Çekmez Musa , Maçkalı Zeynep 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis research addresses the construct of fantasy proneness that is unexplored in the context of Turkey by adapting and assessing the psychometric properties of the widely accepted Creative Experiences Questionnaire (CEQ), aiming to fill a significant gap in existing literature and contribute to the understanding of this construct and its correlates in a population aged between 18 and 60 years. The Turkish version of the CEQ demonstrated face validity, aligning participant responses with fantasy, imagination, and dissociation (n = 15). Exploratory Factor Analysis confirmed a single-factor solution based on the scree plot graphic, without item removal (n = 310). Reliability and validity analyses (N = 464) affirmed robustness with adequate internal consistency (Cronbach’s Alpha = 0.78, McDonald’s Omega = 0.77) and test-retest reliability (n = 110,r = .72). Convergent validity was supported by correlations with dissociative experiences (r = .51) and magical ideation (r = .51). Discriminant validity was evident in negative correlations with social desirability (r = -.10,p < .05), notably, impression management (r = -.12,p < .05), indicating unbiased capture of fantasy experiences. Predictive validity was supported by a positive correlation observed between fantasy proneness and interest in creative activities (r = .21). Participants engaged in or aspiring to engage in creative activities professionally scored notably higher, broadening implications for creativity research. Similarities between the original and Turkish versions suggested cultural variations do not significantly affect fantasy proneness in adults. Considering limitations, future research should explore age-related variations of fantasy proneness as well as its association with social desirability. Implications extend to clinical research, emphasizing consideration of fantasy proneness and its correlates in psychopathological and broader psychological health studies in Turkey and globally.
The mediation role of emotion regulation strategies on the relationship between mindfulness effects, psychological well-being and distress among youths: findings from a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Scafuto Francesca , Quinto Rossella Mattea , Ghiroldi Silvia , Montecucco Nitamo Federico , Presaghi Fabio , Iani Luca , De Vincenzo Francesco 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe Gaia program is a 12-week mindfulness intervention based on cultivating body, emotional, and ecological self-awareness, which has been shown to be effective in reducing children’s and adolescents’ internalizing problems, and improving psychological well-being, and psychological distress in early adolescents. To clarify the psychological processes underlying mindfulness effects on mental health among adolescents, the present study aimed to examine whether emotion regulation strategies (i.e., cognitive reappraisal and expressive suppression) may be considered as key processes linking the Gaia program effects to improvements in psychological distress and well-being. A total of 361 adolescents (mean age 14 years) were randomly assigned to one of two groups: the Gaia program (i.e., experimental group; N = 210) and waiting list (i.e., control group; N = 151). Measures were administered at three time points, approximately every three months: one week before treatment, one week after treatment, and three months after treatment. Using a structural equation model (SEM), we found that the Gaia Program had a positive and significant indirect effect on psychological well-being only via cognitive reappraisal as measured at follow-up [B = 0.181, 95% C.I. (0.012; 0.395)], whereas no significant indirect effects were found on psychological distress through cognitive reappraisal and expressive suppression. Findings from this study provide evidence of key emotional processes underlying the effects of a mindfulness intervention on positive but not negative psychological outcomes.
Picard Approximation of a Singular Backward Stochastic Nonlinear Volterra Integral Equation
Authors: Ahmadova Arzu , Mahmudov Nazim I. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIn this paper we prove that Picard iterations of BSDEs with globally Lipschitz continuous nonlinearities converge exponentially fast to the solution. Our main result in this paper is to establish a fundamental lemma to prove the global existence and uniqueness of an adapted solution to a singular backward stochastic nonlinear Volterra integral equation (for short, singular BSVIE) of order $$\alpha \in (\frac{1}{2},1)$$

α
∈
(

1
2

,
1
)

under a weaker condition than Lipschitz one in Hilbert space.
Current Concepts of Ablative Surgery in Oral Cavity Cancer
Authors: Tsai Yao-Te , Fang Ku-Hao , Adarsh Kudav 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Introduction
Ablative surgery has evolved over the years with the attempt to extirpate the tumor in its entirety with the understanding of the molecular tumor biology, pattern of tumor invasion of the tumors, as well as availability of better instrumentations.

Materials and Methods
Subset-based evaluation and management of oral cancer.

conclusion
For oral cancer, surgery is still the primary therapeutic option. To establish surgical adequacy, a wide excision with sufficient margins in all three dimensions must be carried out.
Early Childhood Visual Arts Education: Teachers’ Content Knowledge, Pedagogical Content Knowledge, and Challenges
Authors: Leung Suzannie K. Y. , Wu Joseph , Ho Tung Hei 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
In the past, visual arts education in Hong Kong was not considered an important area of early childhood education. While the Hong Kong kindergarten curriculum has recently been updated to encourage creativity, there remains a lack of adequate visual arts education for young children. This deficiency stems from the fact that the visual arts receive minimal attention within Hong Kong teacher education programs. Little research has been conducted on how visual arts education is actually delivered in local kindergarten classrooms in Hong Kong and what kinds of artistic knowledge and skills kindergarten teachers need. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate kindergarten teachers’ content knowledge and pedagogical content knowledge in early visual arts education (EVAE) and to identify the challenges they faced in teaching visual arts to children. The study surveyed 342 in-service kindergarten teachers in Hong Kong and conducted individual interviews with 12 participants. The findings revealed that Hong Kong kindergarten teachers generally performed well in terms of their pedagogical content knowledge, but they lacked content knowledge in various forms of early visual arts (EVA) and faced challenges in teaching visual arts effectively. This study has the potential to change how early childhood visual arts teaching is conceptualized and taught in Hong Kong and other Asian regions.
Association between sedentary behavior and dynapenic abdominal obesity among older adults from low- and middle-income countries
Authors: Smith Lee , López Sánchez Guillermo F. , Rahmati Masoud , Tully Mark A. , Pizzol Damiano , Veronese Nicola , Soysal Pinar , Kostev Karel , Yon Dong Keon , Butler Laurie , Shin Jae Il , Koyanagi Ai 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
Sedentary behavior, or time spent sitting, may increase risk for dynapenic abdominal obesity (DAO), but there are currently no studies on this topic.

Aims
Therefore, we investigated the association between sedentary behaviour and DAO in a nationally representative sample of older adults from six low- and middle-income countries.

Methods
Cross-sectional data from the Study on Global AGEing and Adult Health were analysed. Dynapenia was defined as handgrip strength < 26 kg for men and < 16 kg for women. Abdominal obesity was defined as waist circumference of > 88 cm (> 80 cm for Asian countries) for women and > 102 cm (> 90 cm) for men. DAO was defined as having both dynapenia and abdominal obesity. Self-reported sedentary behavior was categorized as ≥ 8 h/day (high sedentary behaviour) or < 8 h/day. Multivariable multinomial logistic regression was conducted.

Results
Data on 20,198 adults aged ≥ 60 years were analyzed [mean (SD) age 69.3 (13.1) years; 54.1% females]. In the overall sample, ≥ 8 h of sedentary behavior per day (vs. <8 h) was significantly associated with 1.52 (95%CI = 1.11–2.07) times higher odds for DAO (vs. no dynapenia and no abdominal obesity), and this was particularly pronounced among males (OR = 2.27; 95%CI = 1.42–3.62). Highly sedentary behavior was not significantly associated with dynapenia alone or abdominal obesity alone.

Discussion
High sedentary behaviour may increase risk for DAO among older adults.

Conclusions
Interventions to reduce sedentary behaviour may also lead to reduction of DAO and its adverse health outcomes, especially among males, pending future longitudinal research.
Predicting the rutting behaviour of asphalt concrete in the modified wheel tracking test using DEM and a cohesive viscoelastic–elastoplastic-damage contact model
Authors: Lu Dai Xuan , Bui Ha H. , Saleh Mofreh 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis study used an advanced modelling approach capable of capturing the complex behaviour of asphalt concrete to model the modified wheel tracking test using a recent advanced experimental test set-up in accordance with ASTM D8292-20. The modelling approach uses the discrete element method (DEM) to naturally produce the heterogeneous internal structure and governs the behaviour of asphalt concrete at the grain level by an interparticle contact model. The contact model used is capable of characterising the rate and time dependency, viscoelastic-damage, and plastic-damage behaviour of asphalt concrete utilising the coupling of an elastoplastic-damage law with a viscoelastic-damage law. Unlike the conventional wheel tracking tests run in a fixed boundary condition (fully confined), the modified wheel tracking test considers the effect of boundary conditions on the rutting behaviour of asphalt mixes. Through comparisons and verifications with laboratory data of the rutting test at different boundary conditions (fully confined and unconfined), the modelling approach shows its capability of capturing the rutting behaviour of asphalt concrete in the modified wheel tracking test. Micromechanics analysis shows that the third (tertiary) stage of rutting behaviour is due to the weakening of the internal structure of the asphalt samples with contact bond breaks over time, which is found in the unconfined test. Meanwhile, the tertiary stage hardly occurs in the fully confined test once densification leads to contact of the aggregate–aggregate skeleton, forming a rigid structure to resist the load with lateral support from the fixed boundary condition. Finally, a parametric study was also conducted to provide further insight into the current testing set-up, including the effect of the sample size and boundary condition on the rutting behaviour of asphalt concrete.
SCGTracker: object feature embedding enhancement based on graph attention networks for multi-object tracking
Authors: Feng Xin , Jiao Xiaoning , Wang Siping , Zhang Zhixian , Liu Yan 
Published: May 2024

AbstractMulti-object tracking (MOT) is a task to identify objects in videos, however, objects with similar appearance or occlusion may cause frequent ID switching, which is the main challenge of current MOT. In this paper, we propose a novel self-cross graph neural network-based multi-object tracking method, which we termed as SCGTracker. This method seamlessly integrates object detection and tracking through graph neural networks, building upon the foundation of the JDE paradigm. Specifically, we construct graph structures to capture the correlation between objects in both spatial and temporal dimensions. To further tackle the frequent ID switching problem, we employ an attention mechanism to aggregate object context information within the same frame and across different frames, updating the object information via graph neural networks to derive highly distinctive appearance features. Ultimately, the obtained strongly distinguishable object appearance features serve to mitigate the issue of frequent object ID switches. In experiments conducted on the MOT17 test set, our proposed method yields promising results, achieving a 73% Multiple Object Tracking Accuracy (MOTA) and a 73.2% ID F1 score. Furthermore, it demonstrates a substantial reduction in ID switches compared with state-of-the-art methods.