bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Phenotypic manifestations and management of hyperostosis cranialis interna, a hereditary bone dysplasia affecting the calvaria and the skull base
Authors: Waterval J.J. , Stokroos R.J. , Bauer N.J.C. , De Bondt R.B.J. , Manni J.J. 
Published: February 2010

AbstractHyperostosis cranialis interna is a hereditary bone disorder that is characterized by endosteal hyperostosis and osteosclerosis of the calvaria and the skull base (OMIM 144755). The progressive bone overgrowth causes entrapment and dysfunction of cranial nerves I, II, V, VII, and VIII, its first symptoms often presenting during the second decade. This study analyzes the clinical course of 13 affected individuals of three related families (32 individuals). The disorder appears to have an autosomal‐dominant transmission pattern. Facial and vestibulocochlear nerve dysfunction are most frequently reported. Surgical decompression of the accessible impaired cranial nerves is advised in the early symptomatic period or even in the presymptomatic period in high‐risk individuals. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Binuclear NiII‐DpaTyr Complex as a High Affinity Probe for an Oligo‐Aspartate Tag Tethered to Proteins
Authors: Ojida Akio , Fujishima Sho‐hei , Honda Kei , Nonaka Hiroshi , Uchinomiya Sho‐hei , Hamachi Itaru 
Published: February 2010

AbstractA complementary recognition pair of a short‐peptide tag and a small molecular probe is a versatile molecular tool for protein detection, handling, and purification, and so forth. In this manuscript, we report that the binuclear NiII‐DpaTyr (DpaTyr=bis((dipicolylamino)methyl)tyrosine) complex serves as a strong binding probe for an oligo‐aspartate tag tethered to a protein. Among various binuclear metal complexes of M‐DpaTyr (M=ZnII, NiII, MnII, CuII, CdII, CoIII, and FeIII), we have found that NiII‐DpaTyr (1‐2Ni2+) displays a strong‐binding affinity (apparent binding constant: Kapp≈105 M−1) for an oligo‐aspartate peptide under neutral aqueous conditions (50 mM HEPES, 100 mM NaCl, pH 7.2). Detailed isothermal‐titration calorimetry (ITC) studies reveal that the tri‐aspartate D3‐tag (DDD) is an optimal sequence recognized by 1‐2Ni2+ in a 1:1 binding stoichiometry. On the other hand, other metal complexes of DpaTyr, except for NiII‐ and ZnII‐DpaTyr, show a negligible binding affinity for the oligo‐aspartate peptide. The binding affinity was greatly enhanced in the pair between the dimer of NiII‐DpaTyr and the repeated D3 tag peptide (D3×2), such as DDDXXDDD, on the basis of the multivalent coordination interaction between them. Most notably, a remarkably high‐binding affinity (Kapp=2×109 M−1) was achieved between the NiII‐DpaTyr dimer 4‐4Ni2+ and the D3×2 tag peptide (DDDNGDDD). This affinity is ≈100‐fold stronger than that observed in the binding pair of the ZnII‐DpaTyr (4‐4Zn2+) and the D4×2 tag (DDDDGDDDD), a useful tag‐probe pair previously reported by us. The recognition pair of the NiII‐DpaTyr probe and the D3×2 tag can also work effectively on a protein surface, that is, 4‐4Ni2+ is strongly bound to the FKBP12 protein tethered with the D3×2 tag (DDDNGDDD) with a large Kapp value of 5×108 M−1. Taking advantage of the strong‐binding affinity, this pair was successfully applied to the selective inactivation of the tag‐fused β‐galactosidase by using the chromophore‐assisted light inactivation (CALI) technique under crude conditions, such as cell lysate.
Fluorescence Turn‐On Sensing of Lectins with Mannose‐Substituted Tetraphenylethenes Based on Aggregation‐Induced Emission
Authors: Sanji Takanobu , Shiraishi Kentaro , Nakamura Mitsutaka , Tanaka Masato 
Published: February 2010

AbstractThe synthesis of mannose‐substituted tetraphenylethenes (TPEs) and their aggregation‐induced emission (AIE) behavior, induced by interactions with concanavalin A (Con A), are reported. A mixture of the mannose‐TPE conjugates and Con A in a buffer solution displays an intense blue emission on agglutination within a few seconds, which serves as a “turn‐on” fluorescent sensor for lectins. The sensing is also selective: the conjugates act as a sensor for Con A, but do not sense a galactose‐binding lectin, PNA. Con A‐recognition is not affected even in the presence of other proteins in a mixture. The conjugates also exhibit high sensitivity to detect Con A. An increased sensitivity of the conjugates results if mannopyranoside substituents are linked to the TPE‐core unit with a flexible chain and/or when the number of mannose residues increases.
The relative impact of meteorological observations in the Norwegian regional model as determined using an energy norm‐based approach
Authors: Storto Andrea , Randriamampianina Roger 
Published: February 2010

AbstractThe sensitivity of the forecasts to different observation groups is evaluated by comparing moist total energy norm‐based cost functions within the HARMONIE/Norway regional model. We quantify the quality loss associated to each observation type. The use of a localisation operator has allowed us to obtain results for the whole domain and for the area of continental Norway only, as well as for different vertical sub‐regions of the atmosphere. Results show a prominent role of in situ observations for short‐range forecasts, while for medium‐range forecasts microwave satellite observations result in the largest impact, especially the AMSU‐A channels peaking within the troposphere. Copyright © 2010 Royal Meteorological Society
Independent and dependent contributions of advanced maternal and paternal ages to autism risk
Authors: Shelton Janie F. , Tancredi Daniel J. , Hertz‐Picciotto Irva 
Published: February 2010

AbstractReports on autism and parental age have yielded conflicting results on whether mothers, fathers, or both, contribute to increased risk. We analyzed restricted strata of parental age in a 10‐year California birth cohort to determine the independent or dependent effect from each parent. Autism cases from California Department of Developmental Services records were linked to State birth files (1990–1999). Only singleton births with complete data on parental age and education were included (n=4,947,935, cases=12,159). In multivariate logistic regression models, advancing maternal age increased risk for autism monotonically regardless of the paternal age. Compared with mothers 25–29 years of age, the adjusted odds ratio (aOR) for mothers 40+ years was 1.51 (95% CI: 1.35–1.70), or compared with mothers <25 years of age, aOR=1.77 (95% CI, 1.56–2.00). In contrast, autism risk was associated with advancing paternal age primarily among mothers <30: aOR=1.59 (95% CI, 1.37–1.85) comparing fathers 40+ vs. 25–29 years of age. However, among mothers >30, the aOR was 1.13 (95% CI, 1.01–1.27) for fathers 40+ vs. 25–29 years of age, almost identical to the aOR for fathers <25 years. Based on the first examination of heterogeneity in parental age effects, it appears that women's risk for delivering a child who develops autism increases throughout their reproductive years whereas father's age confers increased risk for autism when mothers are <30, but has little effect when mothers are past age 30. We also calculated that the recent trend towards delayed childbearing contributed approximately a 4.6% increase in autism diagnoses in California over the decade.
Nachträgliche Verstärkung gemauerter Tragwerke mit Faserverbundwerkstoffen
Authors: Seim Werner , Pfeiffer Uwe , Vogt Tobias 
Published: February 2010

AbstractGemauerte Konstruktionen lassen sich sehr effektiv mit Faserverbundwerkstoffen nachträglich verstärken. Dabei ist es sinnvoll, den Faserverbundwerkstoff direkt auf der Mauerwerksoberfläche durch das Einlegen von Fasergelegen in eine Klebstoffmatrix herzustellen. Anwendungsgebiete dieses Verfahrens sind die Umschnürung gemauerter Pfeiler, die Verstärkung von Wänden unter Scheibenbeanspruchung und die zugfeste Bewehrung biegebeanspruchter Bauteile. Die wichtigsten Ergebnisse umfangreicher experimenteller Untersuchungen, die an der Universität Kassel in den vergangenen Jahren durchgeführt wurden, werden vorgestellt und erläutert.Post‐strengthening of masonry structures with fibre reinforced polymers. Fiber reinforced polymeres can be used effectively for post‐strengthening of masonry structures. In this context it is reasonable to manufacture the FRP material by wet‐lay‐up directly on the surface of the masonry structure. Possible applications of the method are the confinement of columns as well as post‐strengthening of in‐plane and out‐of‐plane loaded structures. The main results of experimental research carried out at the University of Kassel during the last years will be presented.
CLIBOT &&num;8211; ein seilkletternder Roboter zur Bauwerksinspektion
Authors: Schober Thoralf 
Published: February 2010

AbstractCLIBOT ist ein kletternder Roboter, der für die Inspektion/Überwachung von Bauwerks‐Oberflächen unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der Denkmalpflege entwickelt wurde. Damit können große Einsparpotentiale realisiert und eine Reduzierung von für Menschen gefährliche Arbeit erreicht werden.Eine Vielzahl von Kletter‐Methoden wurde diskutiert und bewertet. Seilklettern mit Klauen erwies sich als bester Kompromiss zwischen Sicherheit und Funktionalität. Klettern mit dünnem Seil oder Draht als Steighilfe stellte sich als besonders geeignet für den Denkmalpflegebereich heraus. Der Roboter wurde aus sog. Off‐the‐shelf‐Komponenten (handelsübliche Standardbauteile) aufgebaut und ist autark. Speziell konzipierte Klauen ermöglichen eine ausreichende Haftung an vertikalen Seilen. Ein minimierter Kletter‐Algorithmus ermöglicht eine einfache Konstruktion der Antriebseinheit. Eine digitale Kamera, die an der Unterseite des Roboters befestigt ist, ermöglicht das Senden eines Video‐Signals für die visuelle Unterstützung. Das Auslösen der Kamera und die Auf‐ und Abwärtsbewegungen des Roboters werden per Funk ferngesteuert. Umfangreiche Tests im praktischen Einsatz zeigten die gute Eignung des gewählten Konzepts.CLIBOT &&num;8211; a rope climbing robot for building surface inspection.CLIBOT is a rope climbing robot developed for inspection tasks on building surfaces under special consideration of conservatory purposes. Great savings potential and a reduction of hazardous human work can be achieved.A variety of climbing methods is discussed and evaluated. Rope climbing by claws turned out as the best compromise between safety and functionality and a thin rope or wire as climbing aid is modest enough for conservatory requirements.The robot was constructed from off‐the‐shelf components and is selfsupported. Special designed claws enable a sufficient grip at vertical ropes. A minimized climbing algorithm allows a simple construction of the drive unit. A digital camera attached at the bottom of the robot is sending a video signal for visual assistance. Triggering the camera and the up and down movement of the robot is remotely controlled by radio link. Extensive tests in practical environements showed the good suitability of that chosen concept.
Optimization of the fermentation media for sophorolipid production from Candida bombicola ATCC 22214 using a simplex centroid design
Authors: Rispoli Fred J. , Badia Daniel , Shah Vishal 
Published: February 2010

AbstractThis article describes the use of a simplex centroid mixture experimental design to optimize the fermentation medium in the production of sophorolipids (SLs) using Candida bombicola. In the first stage, 16 media ingredients were screened for the ones that have the most positive influence on the SL production. The sixteen ingredients that were chosen are five different carbohydrates (fructose, glucose, glycerol, lactose, and sucrose), five different nitrogen sources (malt extract, peptone extract, soytone, urea, and yeast extract), two lipid sources (mineral oil and oleic acid), two phosphorus sources (K2HPO4 and KH2PO4), MgSO4, and CaCl2. Multiple regression analysis and centroid effect analysis were carried out to find the sugar, lipid, nitrogen source, phosphorus source, and metals having the most positive influence. Sucrose, malt extract, oleic acid, K2HPO4, and CaCl2 were selected for the second stage of experiments. An augmented simplex centroid design for five ingredients requiring 16 experiments was used for the optimization stage. This produced a quadratic model developed to help understand the interaction amongst the ingredients and find the optimal media concentrations. In addition, the top three results from the optimization experiments were used to obtain constraints that identify an optimal region. The model together with the optimal region constraints predicts the maximum production of SLs when the fermentation media is composed of sucrose, 125 g/L; malt extract, 25 g/L; oleic acid, 166.67 g/L; K2HPO4, 1.5 g/L; and CaCl2, 2.5 g/L. The optimal media was validated experimentally and a yield of 177 g/L was obtained. © 2010 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Biotechnol. Prog., 2010
Sulfate reduction at pH 4.0 for treatment of process and wastewaters
Authors: Bijmans Martijn F. M. , de Vries Erik , Yang Chun‐Hui , N. Buisman Cees J. , Lens Piet N. L. , Dopson Mark 
Published: February 2010

AbstractAcidic industrial process and wastewaters often contain high sulfate and metal concentrations and their direct biological treatment is thus far not possible as biological processes at pH < 5 have been neglected. Sulfate‐reducing bacteria convert sulfate to sulfide that can subsequently be used to recover metals as metal‐sulfides precipitate. This study reports on high‐rate sulfate reduction with a mixed microbial community at pH 4.0 and 4.5 with hydrogen and/or formate as electron donors. The maximum sulfate reducing activity at pH 4.0 was sustained for over 40 days with a specific activity 500‐fold greater than previously reported values: 151 mmol sulfate reduced/L reactor liquid per day with a maximum specific activity of 84 mmol sulfate per gram of volatile suspended solids per day. The biomass yield gradually decreased from 38 to 0.4 g volatile suspended solids per kilogram of sulfate when decreasing the reactor pH from pH 6 to 4. The microorganisms had a high maintenance requirement probably due maintaining pH homeostasis and the toxicity of sulfide at low pH. The microbial community diversity in the pH 4.0 membrane bioreactor decreased over time, while the diversity of the sulfate reducing community increased. Thus, a specialized microbial community containing a lower proportion of microorganisms capable of activity at pH 4 developed in the reactor compared with those present at the start of the experiment. The 16S rRNA genes identified from the pH 4.0 grown mixed culture were most similar to those of Desulfovibrio species and Desulfosporosinus sp. M1. © 2010 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Biotechnol. Prog., 2010
Oxidative Desulfurization of Aromatic Sulfur Compounds over Titanosilicates
Authors: Gao Guohua , Cheng Shifu , An Ying , Si Xiaojuan , Fu Xianlei , Liu Yueming , Zhang Haijiao , Wu Peng , He Ming‐Yuan 
Published: February 2010

AbstractThe application of several titanosilicates to the oxidation of aromatic sulfur compounds such as thiophene, benzothiophene, dibenzothiophene, and 4,6‐dimethyldibenzothiophene with H2O2 under mild conditions is reported. Superior to other titanosilicates, Ti‐MWW demonstrates a higher activity for the oxidation of 4,6‐dimethyldibenzothiophene owing to the unique pore structure of the MWW topology. The effects of solvent, temperature, catalyst amount, and H2O2/S ratio on the oxidation of 4,6‐dimethyldibenzothiophene over this catalyst are studied in detail. The catalyst is also applied to the oxidative desulfurization of commercial diesel. The sulfur compounds in the commercial diesel were oxidized to the corresponding sulfones, which could be readily extracted by acetonitrile, resulting in a maximum sulfur removal of 88 % .
Geographical origin identification of pure Sri Lanka tea infusions with electronic nose, electronic tongue and sensory profile analysis
Authors: Kovács Zoltán , Dalmadi István , Lukács Larina , Sipos László , Szántai‐Kőhegyi Katalin , Kókai Zoltán , Fekete András 
Published: February 2010

AbstractTea quality used to be traditionally evaluated by sensory panels. Their expertise is considerably better than that of the average consumers. However, there can be definite subjectivity in the judgment of sensory panels. A new direction is advanced sensory study that integrates sensory assessment with instrumental evaluation. The aim of this paper is to distinguish five Sri Lanka black teas from plantations of different geographical origins. From the tea samples, infusions were prepared with standard procedure. Three different test methods were applied: electronic nose, electronic tongue and sensory assessment. In the case of the electronic nose only the volatile components were evaluated. The Alpha Astree II potentiometric electronic tongue analyzed the liquid phase, while in the sensory profiling all perceptible attributes were tested. Data were analyzed with principle component analysis (PCA), linear discriminant analysis (LDA) and in the case of sensory analysis with one‐way ANOVA. The partial least square regression (PLS) was used to estimate the sensory attributes. As a final result, we found that LDA maps show the quality differences of teas grown at different altitudes and geographical location of growing regions. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
One‐Dimensional Ferromagnetically Coupled Bimetallic Chains Constructed with trans‐[Ru(acac)2(CN)2]−: Syntheses, Structures, Magnetic Properties, and Density Functional Theoretical Study
Authors: Guo Jun‐Fang , Wang Xiu‐Teng , Wang Bing‐Wu , Xu Guan‐Cheng , Gao Song , Szeto Lap , Wong Wing‐Tak , Wong Wai‐Yeung , Lau Tai‐Chu 
Published: February 2010

AbstractFour cyano‐bridged 1D bimetallic polymers have been prepared by using the paramagnetic building block trans‐[Ru(acac)2(CN)2]− (Hacac=acetylacetone): {[{Ni(tren)}{Ru(acac)2(CN)2}][ClO4]⋅CH3OH}n (1) (tren=tris(2‐aminoethyl)amine), {[{Ni(cyclen)}{Ru(acac)2(CN)2}][ClO4]⋅ CH3OH}n (2) (cyclen=1,4,7,10‐tetraazacyclododecane), {[{Fe(salen)}{Ru(acac)2(CN)2}]}n (3) (salen2−=N,N′‐bis(salicylidene)‐o‐ethyldiamine dianion) and [{Mn(5,5′‐Me2salen)}2{Ru(acac)2(CN)2}][Ru(acac)2(CN)2]⋅ 2 CH3OH (4) (5,5′‐Me2salen=N,N′‐bis(5,5′‐dimethylsalicylidene)‐o‐ethylenediimine). Compounds 1 and 2 are 1D, zigzagged NiRu chains that exhibit ferromagnetic coupling between NiII and RuIII ions through cyano bridges with J=+1.92 cm−1, z J′=−1.37 cm−1, g=2.20 for 1 and J=+0.85 cm−1, z J′=−0.16 cm−1, g=2.24 for 2. Compound 3 has a 1D linear chain structure that exhibits intrachain ferromagnetic coupling (J=+0.62 cm−1, z J′=−0.09 cm−1, g=2.08), but antiferromagnetic coupling occurs between FeRu chains, leading to metamagnetic behavior with TN=2.6 K. In compound 4, two MnIII ions are coordinated to trans‐[Ru(acac)2(CN)2]− to form trinuclear Mn2Ru units, which are linked together by π–π stacking and weak Mn⋅⋅⋅O* interactions to form a 1D chain. Compound 4 shows slow magnetic relaxation below 3.0 K with ϕ=0.25, characteristic of superparamagnetic behavior. The MnIII⋅⋅⋅RuIII coupling constant (through cyano bridges) and the MnIII⋅⋅⋅MnIII coupling constant (between the trimers) are +0.87 and +0.24 cm−1, respectively. Compound 4 is a novel single‐chain magnet built from Mn2Ru trimers through noncovalent interactions. Density functional theory (DFT) combined with the broken symmetry state method was used to calculate the molecular magnetic orbitals and the magnetic exchange interactions between RuIII and M (M=NiII, FeIII, and MnIII) ions. To explain the somewhat unexpected ferromagnetic coupling between low‐spin RuIII and high‐spin FeIII and MnIII ions in compounds 3 and 4, respectively, it is proposed that apart from the relative symmetries, the relative energies of the magnetic orbitals may also be important in determining the overall magnetic coupling in these bimetallic assemblies.
Chemoenzymatic Synthesis of a Glycolipid Library and Elucidation of the Antigenic Epitope for Construction of a Vaccine Against Lyme Disease
Authors: Stübs Gunthard , Rupp Bernd , Schumann Ralf R. , Schröder Nicolas W. J. , Rademann Jörg 
Published: February 2010

AbstractLyme disease (LD) is the most common tick‐borne disease in Europe, North America, and Asia. The etiologic agents of LD are spirochetes of the group Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato, which possess a lipid content of 25–30 % of the dry weight. The major glycolipid cholesteryl 6‐O‐acyl‐β‐D‐galactopyranoside (ACGal), present in B. burgdorferi sensu stricto, B. afzelii, and B. garinii, is a specific and highly prevalent antigen frequently recognized by antibodies in late‐stage LD. Here we report a convenient route for the chemical synthesis of ACGal by employing a combination of chemical synthesis steps with enzymatic transformations. This synthesized molecule was compared with bacterial extracts by immunoblots with patient sera, confirming the preserved antigenicity. Next, a glycolipid library derived from the native molecules with variations in the fatty acyl moiety and derivatives in which the cholesterol has been replaced was designed and synthesized. The chemical structures were confirmed by 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy and mass spectrometry. The native and synthetic glycolipids were utilized in immunoblots to determine the epitope recognized by antibodies in patient sera. By this method we could demonstrate that galactose, cholesterol, and a fatty acid with a minimal chain length of four carbon atoms comprises the essential structure for recognition by antibodies. Finally, this finding allowed the synthesis of a functionalized ACGal with an ω‐mercapto group at the fatty acid and a facile protection and deprotection strategy. This antigenic hapten can be conjugated to a carrier protein to effect immunization against Lyme disease.
Aggregation‐Controlled Excimer Emission from Anthracene‐Containing Polyamidoamine Dendrimers
Authors: Lekha P. K. , Prasad Edamana 
Published: February 2010

AbstractLower generations of polyamidoamine (PAMAM) dendrimers were peripherally modified with anthracene moieties, and excimer emission from anthracene chromophores was investigated in an acetonitrile–water mixture at acidic and basic pH values. Results from fluorescence spectroscopic experiments suggest that 1) the propensity of anthracene‐modified PAMAM dendrimers to aggregate in acetonitrile is substantial in the presence of 15–20 vol % of water, and 2) aggregate formation in anthracene‐modified PAMAM dendrimers leads to unique morphologies in the ground state, where the anthracene units are pre‐arranged to form stable excimers upon photoexcitation. Three types of anthracene excimers are generated in the system, with face‐to‐face, angular, and T‐shaped geometry. The formation of different types of anthracene excimers was confirmed by steady‐state and time‐resolved fluorescence spectroscopic experiments. Experimental results further suggest that it is feasible to alter the type of excimer formed by anthracene units attached to the PAMAM dendrimers through altering the propensity for ground‐state aggregation. Most excitingly, increased π conjugation in the molecular framework of anthracene‐substituted PAMAM dendrimers leads to intense and exclusive excimer emission from anthracene at room temperature.