bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
House price diffusions across three urban areas in Malaysia
Authors: Hui Hon‐Chung 
Published: October 2010

PurposeVarious empirical studies have demonstrated that house prices in different geographic regions have a tendency to co‐move. But these studies have focused on developed economies in the west. The purpose of this paper is to test this hypothesis in the case of three major urban areas in the rapidly developing economy of Malaysia, namely Klang Valley, Penang and Johor.Design/methodology/approachUsing Pesaran et al.'s bounds testing approach to cointegration and Granger non‐causality analysis, the short‐run and long‐run dynamics of regional house prices are analysed.FindingsFirst, house prices in all three regions appear to be cointegrated. Second, there is evidence of short‐run bi‐directional causality between house prices in all regions. Third, long‐run house price movements in Johor are not Granger‐caused by house prices in Klang Valley and Penang. This observation could be rationalised in the light of the argument that Johor house values may be more closely aligned with activities in the Singaporean economy, given the region's geographic proximity to Singapore.Practical implicationsThe findings have several practical implications for housing investors who intend to optimise investment decisions on housing purchases. The understanding of the nature of regional house dynamics could also enrich the government's knowledge of how the local housing markets work and enable the design and implementation of relevant housing policies.Originality/valueThis is the first known study that establishes stylised facts of lead‐lag relationships for regional house prices, while also providing short‐run and long‐run estimates of regional house price interactions for Malaysia.
Culture distance and foreign equity ownership in international joint ventures
Authors: Chen Qiangbing , Liu Yali , Jiang Lu 
Published: October 2010

PurposeThe paper aims to study the impact of cultural differences on the ownership structure of international joint ventures in China. It is reasoned that foreign investors, when faced with larger culture‐related investment uncertainties, may have the incentive to acquire more control rights to contain the risks by acquiring more equity shares in the joint ventures.Design/methodology/approachData on international joint ventures in China were used to test the theory. The data contain 941 observations from Beijing, Shanghai, Shenzhen and Tianjing, covering a 13‐year time span. Pooled ordinary least square is used in the model estimation.FindingsCultural distance between China and foreign countries was found to increase the foreign equity share in the joint ventures, a finding contrary to traditional view. In addition, it was found that cultural distance in different dimensions does not play an equal role in affecting foreign equity shares. Last, there is significant evidence that the allocation of ownership between foreign and domestic investors in the joint ventures is influenced by the investor's relative importance in supplying different types of resources.Originality/valueThe paper introduces a new perspective into the study of culture and international joint venture. Foreign investors may be able to reduce investment risk by increasing equity shares, which gives them more internal control, in international joint ventures. In contrast, the traditional view is that larger cultural distance tends to discourage foreign equity ownership.
Important export skills comparison in different export stage
Authors: Ting Zhou , Guijun Ling , Bojun Leng 
Published: October 2010

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to build a theoretical framework that identifies the important skills for successful export from different business areas and make an empirical ranking of their importance.Design/methodology/approachA survey containing 88 practical export skills, selected from the existing literature, was sent to 800 Chinese exporting companies in major Eastern regions of China. With the factor analysis, eight skill categories were identified and 56 skills were found more important.FindingsThe results of the study show that in the higher export stage, skills in international marketing and international trade logistics were viewed as being more important. However, a firm in an early export stage showed more concerns on international trade policy and regulations, international finance and international trade research. Firms with rich export experience viewed strategic management in international trade as being more important than those with less export experience. International payment terms were considered to be very important by firms across all export stages. However, only these firms which were exploring the availability of export business viewed international trade practice as being somewhat important.Research limitations/implicationsFirst, the export skills pool should be extended and examined according to the firms' characteristics. Second, the study is cross‐sectional and there should be specific analysis of different exporting firms. Third, supplement of the study with more samples from other regions should provide more generalizable implications. Finally, another future work should be to examine how export skills affect financial performance of those Chinese exporting firms.Practical implicationsThis paper can serve as useful information for the exporting firms to improve their existing skill training programs. The skills importance rankings can also be used to guide the resource allocations.Originality/valueThis study builds a theoretical framework that identifies the important skills for successful export from different business areas and makes an empirical ranking of their importance based on the data of Chinese exporting firms.
Exchange rate movements' effect on Sri Lanka‐China trade
Authors: Senanayake Amarasingha Appuhamilage Kanchana , Abdulhusain Ali Alhayky Ahmed 
Published: October 2010

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine empirically the effects of exchange rate movements on trade performance with reference to the Sri Lanka‐China trade relationship over the quarterly period from 1993 to 2007.Design/methodology/approachThis paper tests this condition for the trade between Sri Lanka and China in two steps. First, it investigates the exchange rate movements on Sri Lanka's aggregate exports and imports between China using selected variables such as the real bilateral exchange rate change, the change in income and the exchange rate volatility. Second, this study constructs a panel regression model using Sri Lanka's sectoral exports and imports between China and tests whether exchange rate movements have detrimental effects on sectoral trade.FindingsThe main finding is that bilateral exchange rate changes and exchange rate volatility do play an active role on trade, while income growth changes have less influence in determining the total exports and imports between two countries. The analysis of data shows that changes in real bilateral exchange rate, income and exchange rate volatility are playing a major role in determining sectoral exports and imports between Sri Lanka and China. Therefore, the findings suggest that the movements of exchange rate between these two countries do have significant effects on total trade as well as sectoral trade between Sri Lanka and China.
Low‐carbon disruptive innovation in China
Authors: Tyfield David , Jin Jun 
Published: October 2010

PurposeThis paper seeks to explore arguments for the importance of disruptive innovation to China's low‐carbon transition, while such innovation is generally overlooked and/or belittled.Design/methodology/approachThe paper builds on the multi‐level perspective (MLP) of systems transitions being developed by interdisciplinary scholars regarding low‐carbon innovation to explore the multiple opportunities regarding disruptive innovation in the case of China.FindingsThis exploration details that at the levels of business strategy, national economic development and governance of a transition to ecological sustainability, there is a strongprima faciecase that disruptive innovation offers singular opportunities in China regarding low‐carbon innovation, while a focus on hi‐tech innovation alone is unlikely to effect the radical systems transition needed.Practical implicationsAcknowledging and incorporating such opportunities is thus to be encouraged, both in China and elsewhere, including in the formulation of low‐carbon innovation policy. A concerted research programme for ongoing and iterative “second‐order” learning about concrete examples of disruptive low‐carbon innovation is advocated.Social implicationsThe increased opportunities for dispersed social involvement in a low‐carbon transition through disruptive innovation are discussed.Originality/valueThe paper offers a novel synthesis of diverse literatures to advocate a significantly different approach to low‐carbon innovation than is evidenced in current policy and policy discourse.
Gender differences in entrepreneurial networking and participation
Authors: Klyver Kim , Grant Sharon 
Published: October 2010

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate the relationship between an individual's personal acquaintance with an entrepreneur and his/her participation in entrepreneurial activity at three distinct new venture stages: discovery (intending to start a business), start‐up (actively in the process of starting a business), and young (running a business for less than three months).Design/methodology/approachUsing Global Entrepreneurship Monitor data from 35 countries (n=311,720) pooled across three years (2002‐2004) and multinomial logistic regression, the paper examines the relationship between entrepreneurial networking and entrepreneurial participation across gender. Gender differences in entrepreneurial networking are also examined.FindingsThe findings indicate that individuals who personally know an entrepreneur are more likely to participate in entrepreneurial activity at any venture stage but that female entrepreneurs, compared with their male counterparts, are less likely to be acquainted with an entrepreneur. Taken together, these findings suggest that one of the reasons why women are less likely to become entrepreneurs is that they lack entrepreneurial resource providers or role models in their social networks.Research limitations/implicationsThe paper is subject to two limitations. First, the paper includes a single item measure of social network composition. Second, although the paper includes data from 2000 to 2004, the dataset is cross‐sectional and is thus based on different cohorts of participants. The paper offers a number of implications for theory, practice, and future research. One of the most important implications is that female entrepreneurship participation could be enhanced by policy directed at promoting female entrepreneur role models and connecting women with entrepreneurs.Originality/valueThe paper utilizes a representative sample of 311,720 individuals in 35 countries. Entrepreneurs are classified as operating at three distinct phases of the entrepreneurial process: discovery, start‐up, and young and the relationship between entrepreneurial networking and entrepreneurship participation is examined within each of these phases.
Copreneurship in rural tourism: exploring women's experiences
Authors: Bensemann Jo , Hall C. Michael 
Published: October 2010

PurposeThe paper seeks to explore the experiences of owners of rural tourism accommodation businesses in New Zealand within the framework of copreneurship. It aims to examine roles within copreneurial rural tourism businesses and describes and evaluates women's experiences of entrepreneurship.Design/methodology/approachThe method of the research is a postal survey of rural tourism accommodation business owners complemented by in‐depth interviews with women in copreneurial business relationships. Triangulation of data sources and methods, combining qualitative and quantitative techniques enables a rich understanding of copreneurial expectations, roles and responsibilities and of women's experiences specifically.FindingsThe paper finds that the rural tourism accommodation sector in New Zealand is characterised by lifestylers and copreneurs running their businesses as a “hobby” and that non‐economic, lifestyle motivations are important stimuli to business formation. The paper also finds that any perception of copreneurship as a tool for enabling women to become freed from traditional gender roles may not equal the reality as a gendered ideology persists even through copreneurial relationships in rural tourism. Copreneurial couples appear to engage in running the accommodation business using traditional gender‐based roles mirroring those found in the private home.Originality/valueThe paper goes some way toward addressing the fact that there exists an underexplored and unarticulated feminine set of processes and behaviours in new venture production. In this research, women's voices were able to come through in both the survey and the interview research and their experiences are reported through their narratives. What is revealed is that a gendered ideology persists even through copreneurial relationships in rural tourism.
Training Women to Win
Authors: Dhaliwal Spinder 
Published: October 2010

PurposeTraining Women to Win, a University of Surrey project set out to identify good practice in terms of available support and to produce and pilot recommendations that will improve current business support and training provision for women. In this context, this paper aims to consider some of the key challenges faced by women seeking to start a new business.Design/methodology/approachA questionnaire was posted online on a dedicated project web site, in collaboration with Everywoman Ltd Links were established from other sites. In total, about 1,000 women were targeted. A series of focus groups were also held.FindingsThe main findings of the project are that business support providers tend to be target driven and thus supply is not always geared to demand. One of the consequences of this target culture is a “one size fits all” strategy.Practical implicationsThe paper shows that many respondents, although largely aware that agencies exist, are often unaware of the services that they provide and/or how to access appropriate support. Business support is acknowledged by some to be very good at the initial stages. However, further into the business cycle, there appears to be less support for the growth phrase.Originality/valueThe paper adds to the growing body of work on female entrepreneurship and on the support they need.
The invasion route for an insect pest species: the tobacco aphid in the New World
Authors: ZEPEDA‐PAULO F. A. , SIMON J.‐C. , RAMÍREZ C. C. , FUENTES‐CONTRERAS E. , MARGARITOPOULOS J. T. , WILSON A. C. C. , SORENSON C. E. , BRIONES L. M. , AZEVEDO R. , OHASHI D. V. , LACROIX C. , GLAIS L. , FIGUEROA C. C. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractBiological invasions are rapid evolutionary events in which populations are usually subject to a founder event during introduction followed by rapid adaptation to the new environment. Molecular tools and Bayesian approaches have shown their utility in exploring different evolutionary scenarios regarding the invasion routes of introduced species. We examined the situation for the tobacco aphid, Myzus persicae nicotianae, a recently introduced aphid species in Chile. Using seven microsatellite loci and approximate Bayesian computation, we studied populations of the tobacco aphid sampled from several American and European countries, identifying the most likely source populations and tracking the route of introduction to Chile. Our population genetic data are consistent with available historical information, pointing to an introduction route of the tobacco aphid from Europe and/or from other putative populations (e.g. Asia) with subsequent introduction through North America to South America. Evidence of multiple introductions to North America from different genetic pools, with successive loss of genetic diversity from Europe towards North America and a strong bottleneck during the southward introduction to South America, was also found. Additionally, we examined the special case of a widespread multilocus genotype that was found in all American countries examined. This case provides further evidence for the existence of highly successful genotypes or ‘superclones’ in asexually reproducing organisms.
Pollen limitation of female reproductive success at fine spatial scale in a gynodioecious and wind‐pollinated species, Beta vulgaris ssp. maritima
Authors: DE CAUWER I. , ARNAUD J.‐F. , SCHMITT E. , DUFAY M. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractIn sexually polymorphic plants, the spatial distribution of sexes is usually not random. Local variation in phenotype frequencies is expected to affect individual fitness of the different phenotypes. For gynodioecious species, with co‐occurrence of hermaphrodites and females, if sexual phenotypes are structured in space and pollen flow is spatially restricted, local pollen availability should vary among patches. Female fitness may thus be low when hermaphrodites are locally rare. To test this hypothesis, we analysed how the reproductive output of females varied among patches within two natural study sites of the gynodioecious wind‐pollinated Beta vulgaris ssp. maritima. Plants growing in female‐biased areas and experiencing pollen limitation were found to have low fruit and seed sets but did not reallocate resources towards better offspring. Our results show that fine‐scale processes influence individual fitness and the evolution of sex ratio in sexually polymorphic plants.
The molecular basis of white pericarps in African domesticated rice: novel mutations at the Rc gene
Authors: GROSS B. L. , STEFFEN F. T. , OLSEN K. M. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractRepeated phenotypic evolution can occur at both the inter‐ and intraspecific level and is especially prominent in domesticated plants, where artificial selection has favoured the same traits in many different species and varieties. The question of whether repeated evolution reflects changes at the same or different genes in each lineage can now be addressed using the domestication and improvement genes that have been identified in a variety of crops. Here, we document the genetic basis of nonpigmented (‘white’) pericarps in domesticated African rice (Oryza glaberrima) and compare it with the known genetic basis of the same trait in domesticated Asian rice (Oryza sativa). In some cases, white pericarps in African rice are apparently caused by unique mutations at the Rc gene, which also controls pericarp colour variation in Asian rice. In one case, white pericarps appear to reflect changes at a different gene or potentially a cis‐regulatory region.
Palivizumab: A debate about funding
Authors: Fitzgerald Dominic A , Isaacs David , Tobin Bernadette 
Published: October 2010

AbstractA clinician and the chair of the hospital drug committee debate the merits of the use of palivizumab as prophylaxis against respiratory syncytial virus infection for a preterm baby with oxygen‐dependent, chronic lung disease and discuss the issue of public funding of palivizumab. An ethicist comments on ethical aspects of the debate about cost‐effectiveness.
Beware the lymphopenia: A case of severe combined immunodeficiency
Authors: Mehr Sam , Kakakios Alyson , Shaw Peter , Webster Richard , Kemp Andrew 
Published: October 2010

AbstractWe present a case of a 2‐month‐old boy with partially treated meningitis and suspected Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. A full blood count revealed profound lymphopenia. The child was diagnosed with adenosine deaminase deficiency, a rare cause of severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID). SCID is an immunological emergency and must be considered in any lymphopaenic infant with opportunistic infection. We discuss adenosine deaminase‐deficient SCID, which can involve multiple systems and in which other treatment options apart from bone marrow transplant are available.
Morbidity and Physical Functioning in Old Age: Differences According to Living Area
Authors: Sjölund Britt‐Marie , Nordberg Gunilla , Wimo Anders , von Strauss Eva 
Published: October 2010

OBJECTIVES: To describe differences in morbidity and functional status according to living area.DESIGN: Community‐based survey.SETTING: A community‐based prospective cohort, the Kungsholmen‐Nordanstig Project.PARTICIPANTS: Adults aged 75 and older living in an urban area of central Stockholm (n=1,222) and in the rural community of Nordanstig in northern Sweden (n=919).MEASUREMENTS: Physicians clinically examined all participants using the same standardized protocols in both living areas; trained nurses directly assessed disability.RESULTS: Cardiovascular disease was the most common disorder in both living areas (39.9% in the urban area and 45.2% in the rural area). There were great area differences in the prevalence of stroke (7.4% and 14.0%), diabetes mellitus 6.3% and 16.1%), and Parkinson's disease (1.0% and 3.7%). It was more common to have two or more diseases than no diseases in the rural area than in the urban area (odds ratio=1.9, 95% confidence interval=1.4–2.4). Significant living area differences (urban vs rural) in population attributable risk (PAR) was found for disability due to stroke (5.6 vs 32.2), diabetes mellitus (1.2 vs 6.1), fractures (1.4 vs 10.7), and hearing impairment (8.7 vs 22.0).CONCLUSION: Differences were found in disability, morbidity, and disease patterns according to living area. The rural elderly population was more disabled and had more diseases than the urban elderly population, despite being slightly younger than the urban cohort. There were significant area differences in the PAR of how specific chronic conditions influenced the risk of disability.
The relationship between early embryo development and tumourigenesis
Authors: Ma Yanlei , Zhang Peng , Wang Feng , Yang Jianjun , Yang Zhe , Qin Huanlong 
Published: October 2010

Abstract

Introduction
Embryonic origin of cancer
Similarity in cell invasive behaviours
Similarity in epigenetic regulation
Similarity in gene expression
Similarity in protein profiling
Similarity in other biological behaviours
Conclusion

With the recent substantial progress in developmental biology and cancer biology, the similarities between early embryo development and tumourigenesis, as well as the important interaction between tumours and embryos become better appreciated. In this paper, we review in detail the embryonic origin of tumour, and the similarities between early embryo development and tumourigenesis with respect to cell invasive behaviours, epigenetic regulation, gene expression, protein profiling and other important biological behaviours. Given an improved understanding of the relationship between early embryo development and tumourigenesis, now we have better and broader resources to attack cancer from the perspective of developmental biology and develop next generation of prognostic and therapeutic approaches for this devastating disease.
Does autophagy take a front seat in lifespan extension?
Authors: Petrovski Goran , Das Dipak K. 
Published: October 2010

Abstract

Introduction
Signalling cascades regulating the ageing process
Ageing and autophagy
Signalling cascades regulating autophagy
Pharmacological manipulations to induce autophagy
Future perspectives

This review focuses on the interrelationship between ageing and autophagy. There is a striking similarity between the signalling aspects of these two processes. Both ageing and autophagy involve several of the signalling components such as insulin/IGF‐1, AMPK, Ras‐cAMP‐PKA, Sch9 and mTOR. Ageing and ageing‐mediated defective autophagy involve accumulation of lipofuscin. Components of anti‐ageing and autophagy include SirTs and FoxOs. Nutritional deprivation or calorie restriction as well as several nutriceuticals including resveratrol, spermidine, curcumin and piperine can enhance autophagy and increase lifespan. Such striking similarities indicate that lifespan is strongly dependent on autophagy.