bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reversibly Switching Hydrogen‐Responsive Palladium–Graphene Composite Membranes
Authors: Kim Lohyun , Persad Aaron , Cheng Chi , Field Randall , Karnik Rohit 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThe growing importance of hydrogen in clean energy highlights the need for advanced technologies for efficient hydrogen flow control and separation. Stimuli‐responsive membranes, regulating flow in response to external stimuli, could present new approaches to enhance hydrogen management. However, hydrogen gas‐responsive membranes have yet to be realized, and palladium‐based membranes, known for their high affinity and selectivity for hydrogen, suffer from irreversible structural damage during the palladium hydride phase transition. Here, a palladium composite membrane is developed, consisting of a single nanoporous graphene layer supporting an ultrathin (≈100 nm) palladium film. Gas permeation tests under varying hydrogen pressures and temperatures and with gas mixtures, demonstrate approximately 10‐fold reversible modulation in permeation in response to the partial pressure of hydrogen, corresponding to the palladium phase transition. Control experiments and modeling suggest that reversible adhesion at the graphene/palladium interface and the graphene porosity are key to this switching. Further reduction of the palladium layer thickness leads to discrete palladium islands, tuning the pore size in graphene and producing a hydrogen‐selective molecular sieving membrane with high permeance. These findings illustrate the potential of palladium–graphene synergy to create new functional materials for applications in hydrogen sensing, flow control, and related fields.
Dissolving Microneedles as In Situ Chemical Reaction Chambers: from Design Strategies to Versatile Biomedical Applications
Authors: Tian Yu , Xia Lili , Song Xinran , Chen Yu 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThe skin microenvironment is a highly intricate and dynamic system, characterized by an acidic pH, a diverse microbiota, various metabolites, and numerous enzymes, creating both challenges and opportunities for the development of innovative drug delivery systems. Dissolving Microneedles (MNs) have emerged as a promising, pain‐free alternative to conventional invasive injections, offering the ability to deliver therapeutics through gradual degradation within the skin's interstitial fluids. Building upon the unique properties of both the skin microenvironment and dissolving MNs, a novel concept is introduced wherein dissolving MNs serve as in situ chemical reaction chambers. In this framework, MNs can deliver chemical reactants or catalysts to the skin, enabling the initiation of specific chemical reactions, such as prodrug activation for targeted therapy, the degradation of harmful metabolites, or the enhanced synthesis of beneficial molecules. Moreover, this review systematically explores the potential of dissolving MNs as chemical reaction chambers, discussing key aspects such as their sustained release mechanisms, design strategies, and a range of therapeutic applications. Finally, a forward‐looking perspective is provided on the future development of dissolving MNs, addressing the challenges and opportunities for their broader clinical translation and application in personalized medicine.
Scallion‐Inspired Environmental Energy Enhanced Solar Evaporator with Integrated Water Transport and Thermal Management
Authors: Cheng Sijie , He Enyu , Zhang Panpan , Sutar Rajaram S , Kannan Shree Kesavan , Balu Satheesh kumar , Zhao Haipeng , Xing Ruimin , Liu Shanhu 
Published: February 2025

AbstractSolar‐driven interface evaporation is recognized as an efficient and energy‐saving strategy to address the global freshwater crisis. However, challenges such as salt crystallization and high energy loss of the evaporators seriously hinder their practical application. In this study, inspired by natural scallion structure, a 3D layered curled cylindrical photothermal interface evaporator using copper sulfide (CuS) and nickel foam (NF) are constructed, achieving an impressive evaporation rate of up to 6.12 kg·m−2·h−1 under 1 kW·m−2 solar irradiation. Further analysis reveals that the layered curled cylindrical structure of the evaporator reduces heat loss to the underlying water, optimizing the balance between water transport and thermal management. Notably, the evaporator demonstrated excellent salt resistance and robust desalination durability for 140 h in 20 wt.% NaCl solution, attributed to the vertical and horizontal water channels. This work guides the design of efficient, salt‐resistant solar‐driven evaporators for seawater desalination and wastewater treatment in extreme conditions.
Bidirectionally Symmetric Self‐Assembly of Switchable Chiral Microstructures Based on Angle Compensation and pH Regulation Strategy for Chiroptical Metamaterials
Authors: Lao Zhaoxin , Liu Xin , Qi Qiaoqiao , Hu Haijian , Liu Meiqi , Zhu Haojie , Dong Rui , Zhang Yachao , Wu Sizhu , Zhang Chenchu , Chen Chao , Zhang Li 
Published: February 2025

AbstractChiral metamaterials have attracted pronounced attention due to their great potential in detecting vortex‐structured light and enantiomeric chiral molecules. However, most previously‐explored rigid chiral structures are constrained by poor tunability, resulting from their inability to achieve bidirectionally symmetric fabrication. Though the integration of smart materials with femtosecond laser printing has advanced the development of 3D tunable microstructures, unfortunately, the asymmetric deformation of those smart materials breaks the chiral symmetry of fabricated structures. Herein, a feasible strategy namely angle compensation coupling with laser‐induced self‐assembly of pH‐sensitive microstructures to restore the symmetry of chiral self‐assemblies, is proposed. Relying on the laser‐printing guided capillary force self‐assembly, the targeted chiral microstructures featuring bidirectional symmetry and shape‐morphing reversibility are successfully harvested, witnessing its unparalleled fabricating flexibility and accurate controllability. Significantly, once the vortex light serves as a probe, the assembled chiral enantiomers yield symmetrically distributed dichroism spectra, evidencing the feasibility of current approaches. This work grants a paradigm for the rapid and steerable manufacture of chiral metasurfaces and further enhances the potential in the fields of optical communication, chemical sensing, and chiral photonics.
Tailored Heterogeneous Catalysts via Space‐Confined Engineering for Efficient Electrocatalytic Oxygen Evolution
Authors: Wu Chenxiao , Liu Chuang , Gao Ang , Xia Tianyu , Huang He , Xu Bojia , Bai Xiaoyan , Wang Ruijie , Gao Han , Song Li , Wang Rongming , Tian He , Wang Shouguo , Guo Haizhong , Gu Lin 
Published: February 2025

AbstractEnhancing the intrinsic activity and number of catalytic sites is crucial in developing high‐performing and robust electrocatalysts. Reductionism provides a material design concept that progresses from atoms to phases and then to phase sequences. Herein, the well‐recognized high‐active (CoFe)Se2 and multi‐site (CoFe)─N─C phases are carefully selected and creatively combined by space‐confined selenization, resulting in the (CoFe)Se2@(CoFe)─N─C heterogeneous nanocatalyst. This design simultaneously yields “better” and “more” catalytic active sites to enable stronger reaction kinetics with a low overpotential of 238 mV at 10 mA cm−2 for the oxygen evolution reaction. The overpotential surprisingly remained almost unchanged after an ultra‐long 500 h of continuous reaction. This ideal space‐confined combination effectively optimizes the absorption capacity and alters the rate‐determining step from *O→*OOH to *OH→*O. This work effectively demonstrates the principles of reductionism and confined engineering, opening a promising avenue for designing and constructing efficient multi‐phase catalytic nanomaterials.
Defect Engineering Zr‐MOF‐Endowed Activity‐Dimension Dual‐Sieving Strategy for Anti‐acid Recognition of Real Phosphoryl Fluoride Nerve Agents
Authors: Zang Runqiang , Liu Yuan , Wang Yihang , Feng Lu , Ge Yuansheng , Qin Molin , Du Yuwan , Ning Jinliang , Ma Xiaowei , Dou Xincun 
Published: February 2025

AbstractDefect‐engineering‐involved metal‐organic frameworks (MOFs) have been highly valued in many fields due to the enhanced porosity and abundant active sites, but how the systematic modulation on deficiency influencing fluorescent sensing performance is still in its infancy. Here, systematic defect‐engineering of MOF‐525 is used to modulate the exposure of zirconium (Zr) clusters and the sieving capability of inner channels, enabling precise fluorescent sensing of phosphoryl fluoride nerve agents with specific chemical activity and molecular dimensions. Controllable defects transformed the localized emission of porphyrin into ligand‐metal charge transferring (LMCT) due to the gradual loss of the ligand molecules, which is interrupted upon the coordination of nerve agents, triggering a red turn‐on fluorescence. Thus, the defective MOF‐525 with 60% deficiency effectively discriminates the phosphoryl fluoride nerve agents (e.g., sarin, soman) from similar substances (e.g., tabun, venomous agent X) due to synergistic sieving effect of chemical activity and molecular dimension. It exhibits highly sensitive (0.96 nm/3.8 ppb), rapid (<1 s) response toward target nerve agents and is robust to the environmental interference from the acidic, humid and common fluorescent substances. This work enhances understanding of defect‐engineering MOFs and the correpsonding luminescent behavior, paving a new avenue for sensing strategy of trace real nerve agent vapor.
Na‐K Interlayer Driven Na‐NASICON Solid‐State Batteries
Authors: Li Yang , Wang Zhichao , Sun Chen , Liu Shiqiao , Dou Yankun , Yuan Xuanyi , Jin Haibo , Zhao Yongjie 
Published: February 2025

AbstractSolid‐state sodium batteries are deemed as a highly promising candidate for medium and long‐term stationary energy storage. But, the solid‐state electrolyte with desirable ionic conductivity and high stability against solid metal electrodes remains a significant challenge for the research and development of solid‐state sodium metal batteries. In this research, the approach of in‐situ formed Na‐K interlayer is put forward, wherein K+ electrochemically migrates from the K‐substituted NASICON‐structure ceramic electrolyte toward the interface of ceramic electrolyte and Na metal electrode, locally and dynamically forming a Na‐K interlayer with Na metal. Therefore, the compatibility between ceramic electrolytes and the Na electrode is obviously enhanced. Accordingly, the area specific resistance of the solid/solid interface contact gets reduced to 29.9 Ω cm2 and a high room temperature critical current density of 1.3 mA cm−2 is achieved. In the meantime, the Na/Na3Zr2Si2PO12‐0.005K/Na can steadily operate for 1400 h at 0.2 mA cm−2. Moreover, NASICON‐structure ceramic electrolyte‐based solid‐state sodium metal batteries paired with polyanion and layered sodium ion cathodes are constructed to highlight the superiority of this well‐designed ceramic electrolyte/metal electrode interface.
High‐Mobility SnO Enabled by Doping‐Induced Interstitial Oxygen for All‐Oxide Complementary Logics
Authors: Han Jing , Hong Ruohao , Liu Hanzhong , Niu Wencheng , Yin Xu , Tang Lin , Zhang Sen , Song Yu , Meng You , He Penghui , Huang Hao , Tang Liming , Liu Xingqiang , Zou Xuming , Liao Lei 
Published: February 2025

AbstractDeveloping high‐performance p‐type oxide semiconductors is a significant challenge in thin‐film semiconductor technology due to their complex electronic structure and the presence of compensating intrinsic defects. To this aim, an unexplored thulium (Tm) doping strategy is proposed to alter the formation energy of interstitial oxygen in p‐type tin monoxide (SnO) with Hall mobility up to 284.0 ± 3.0 cm2 V∙s−1, in which a field‐effect hole mobility of 12.8 cm2 V∙s−1 and an on/off ratio above 104 are achieved. Benefiting from the enhanced reliability of Tm‐doped SnO thin‐film transistors (TFTs), complementary logic circuits such as inverters, NAND, and NOR gates are constructed. The inverters exhibit an ultrahigh gain, which is close to 800, surpassing most of existing counterparts. This work unfolds novel mechanism and highlights the effectiveness of the Tm doping strategy in developing Sn‐based oxide complementary devices and circuits that meet the performance requirements of future TFTs technology.
Enhanced Bioprinting of 3D Corneal Stroma Patches with Reliability, Assessing Product Consistency and Quality through Optimized Electron Beam Sterilization
Authors: Yoon Jungbin , Lee Yeon‐ju , Kim Minji , Park Ju Young , Jang Jinah 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThis study focuses on the optimization of sterilization methods for bioprinted three‐dimensional (3D) corneal stroma patches prepared using cornea‐derived decellularized extracellular matrix (Co‐dECM) hydrogels and human keratocytes, with the aim of enhancing clinical applications in corneal tissue engineering. An essential aspect of this study is to refine the sterilization processes, particularly focusing on electron beam (EB) sterilization, to maintain the structural and functional integrity of the Co‐dECM hydrogels while ensuring sterility. The study reveals that EB sterilization outperformed traditional methods like ethylene oxide (EtO) gas and autoclaving, which tend to degrade the biochemical properties of hydrogels. By optimizing the EB‐sterilization process, the essential mechanical and biochemical characteristics needed for successful 3D bioprinting are retained, reducing batch variability in bioprinted 3D corneal stroma patches. Consistency in production is vital for meeting regulatory standards and ensuring patient safety. Moreover, the study investigates the immunomodulatory properties of sterilized hydrogels, emphasizing their potential to minimize inflammatory responses, which is crucial for maintaining keratocyte phenotype. These findings significantly advance biomedical engineering by providing a sterilization method that preserves material integrity, minimizes immunogenicity, and supports the clinical translation of bioprinted corneal stroma patches, offering a promising alternative to donor transplants and synthetic substitutes.
Acid‐Responsive Bacteria‐Targeted Zinc‐Porphyrin Based Sonosensitizer with Enhancing Antibacterial Efficacy and Biofilm Eradication for Infected Wounds Healing
Authors: Zhao Xingjun , Li Jiaxin , Zhang Peng , Xiao Chunsheng , Chen Li 
Published: February 2025

AbstractDiseases caused by bacterial infections place a significant burden on global public health. Sonodynamic therapy (SDT), as an emerging antibacterial treatment, faces clinical challenges due to the non‐polar nature of most sonosensitizers. To address this, an acid‐responsive zinc‐porphyrin‐based sonosensitizer (Zn‐TCPP) is developed via a simple thermal reaction, which is then coated with phenylboronic acid‐modified hyaluronic acid (B‐HA), to fabricate B‐HA@Zn‐TCPP. While in the mildly acidic microenvironment mimicking an infected wound site, the released B‐HA@Zn‐TCPP achieves effective SDT activity. The disruption of the bacterial membrane and the levels of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) verified that the inhibition rate can reach 99% within 5 min, without any development of resistance after 15 consecutive generations of culture. Additionally, under ultrasound (US) ‐mediated cavitation, B‐HA@Zn‐TCPP exhibits excellent penetration into biofilms, achieving a 90.04% bactericidal rate for bacteria within biofilms. In vivo studies further demonstrated that B‐HA@Zn‐TCPP can effectively accelerate the healing of bacterial infected wounds with a wound healing rate of 98.65% within 9 days. Therefore, B‐HA@Zn‐TCPP as a novel sonosensitizer offers a viable strategy to overcome the limitations of traditional sonosensitizers for the bacterial wound infections.
Robust 3D‐Printable, Injectable, and Adhesive Hydrogels with Stepwise‐Triggered Dual Reversible/Irreversible Covalent Linkages for Wound Healing
Authors: Li Fucheng , Zhang Xiaoying , Cui Tingting , He Fukun , Lu Lingyu , Wang Cai‐Feng , Chen Su 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThe development of 3D‐printable and injectable biocompatible hydrogels with robust mechanical and adhesive properties useful for biomedical applications remains a great challenge. Herein, stepwise‐triggered dual reversible/irreversible covalent linkages are engineered between two functionalized polymers, glycidyl methacrylate‐modified polyvinyl alcohol (PVA‐GMA) and oxidized sodium alginate tailed with 3‐aminophenylboronic acid (OSA‐PBA), allowing the availability of PVA‐GMA/OSA‐PBA (PGOP) hydrogels with versatile properties and functions. The PGOP hydrogels have excellent injectability, processability, mechanical strength (39.5 ± 2.3 kPa), self‐healing, elasticity and toughness (80% compressive strain at 84.5 kPa stress), bioadhesion (34.2 ± 2.7 kPa adhesive strength to fresh pig skin, vs 7.3–15.38 kPa for commercial fibrin glue adhesives), degradability, antibacterial property, and biocompatibility (265% cell survival with fibroblasts co‐culture for 5 d). With these merits, PGOP pregel and hydrogels can be applied as 3D‐printing glue and construct materials to produce diverse 3D hierarchical architectures with high shape fidelity, good mechanical properties, and active materials‐laden capacity. The mouse liver hemorrhage model and the full‐thickness skin defect model demonstrate that PGOP hydrogels have excellent hemostatic ability and accelerated wound healing capacity. Therefore, this work provides 3D‐printable and injectable glue and hydrogel adhesives with favorable mechanical strength useful for various biomedical applications such as tissue engineering and wound healing.
2D AgTiPS6: a Cross‐Stacked In‐Plane Anisotropic Semiconductor for Broadband and Polarization‐Sensitive Photodetection
Authors: Wu Dong , Wu Fafa , Shen Wanfu , Zhou Liujiang , Hu Chunguang , Yu Peng , Yang Guowei 
Published: February 2025

Abstract2D anisotropic materials, typically consisting of 1D distorted chains arranged in parallel or anti‐parallel patterns, are gaining attention for their potential in anisotropic electronic and optoelectronic devices. 2D anisotropic materials with cross‐stacked interconnected 1D chains will show improved anisotropy and stability. Nonetheless, to date, no 2D anisotropic materials featuring cross‐stacked motifs have been experimentally realized. This work identifies AgTiPS6 atomic layers, the 2D in‐plane anisotropic material with cross‐stacked structural motifs, as an n‐type semiconductor with a 1.0 eV band gap. Significantly, the unique cross‐stacked configuration of 2D AgTiPS6 results in a significant in‐plane anisotropy, with electrical and optoelectrical anisotropies measuring 5.44 and 2.44, respectively, as well as an axially orientation selectivity. Meanwhile, a broadband response from visible (Vis, 405 nm) to middle infrared (MIR, 10.6 µm) is achieved in the AgTiPS6‐based photodetector, with the photoresponse above the bandgap attributed to photothermoelectric effect. Furthermore, 2D AgTiPS6 has demonstrated environmental stability exceeding 12 months and a laser damage threshold exceeding 10 W cm−2, attributed to its extra‐thick monolayer (1.32 nm). This work introduces a novel in‐plane anisotropic material, expanding the repertoire of 2D anisotropic materials and offering potential for the development of anisotropic electronic and optoelectronic devices.
Harnessing Amino Acid Modularity for Programmable Function in Covalent Peptide Assemblies
Authors: Hur Yun‐Mi , Min Kyoung‐Ik 
Published: February 2025

AbstractCovalent peptide assembly leverages robust covalent bonds and dynamic non‐covalent interactions to provide enhanced stability and introduce diverse functionalities. Nevertheless, it remains significantly challenging to achieve modular control over the structural diversity and functional complexity while elucidating how specific amino acid sequences contribute to these processes. Here, the systematic encoding of peptide derivative characteristics is demonstrated through amino acid modularity to enable precise control over both the structural diversity and functional complexity in covalent peptide assemblies. By systematically screening single amino acid substitutions in pentapeptides using tyrosine crosslinking, a diverse library of peptide constructs is developed. Each construct is tailored to exhibit distinct properties, including charge repulsion, aggregation‐induced quenching, disassembly behavior, and redox responsiveness. The strategic manipulation of sequence composition, both in individual assemblies and combinatorial systems, enables programmable control over the structural diversity and functional complexity. This approach yields various module‐specific functions, including frustrated growth, hierarchical hollow architecture formation, affinity enrichment, stimuli‐responsive behavior, and fluorescence signal amplification. This work establishes a framework for the design of modular peptide materials with programmable functionalities, advancing the development of next‐generation multicomponent peptide assembly technologies characterized by unprecedented complexity and adaptability.
A Standalone and Quantitative Point‐of‐Need Testing Platform with Manual Readout Capability Based on Smart Hydrogel Strands
Authors: Boroomand Saeed , Farhoudi Navid , Reiche Christopher F. , Magda Jules J. , Solzbacher Florian , Laurentius Lars B. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractSmart hydrogels hold great promise as sensing elements that can be tailored to respond to a wide array of biomarkers and can be integrated with different readout modalities. However, a major challenge with these sensors is response time, which depends on the hydrogel swelling behavior and is limited by diffusion. While geometrical miniaturization can accelerate response time, it often requires complex readout systems to detect volume changes, which is detrimental for use in point‐of‐need (PoN) applications. This study introduces a novel approach for hydrogel‐based platforms that realizes important PoN requirements such as sensitivity, cost‐effectiveness, instrument‐free, and fast response time. The proposed sensing mechanism involves constraining a hydrogel strand at both ends and utilizing a visually observable buckling behavior instead of directly measuring a volume change. The sensing principle is validated by measuring glucose, an important biological analyte, and examines measurement repeatability, response time, sensitivity, and dynamic range. The performance is also demonstrated in blood and serum. The effects of design parameters such as strand length and diameter on sensor performance are also investigated. This new sensor offers a straightforward visual readout without requiring complex instrumentation, paving the way for more accessible and affordable PoN devices.