bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Vascular function correlates with risk factors for cardiovascular disease in a healthy population of 35‐year‐old subjects
Authors: JENSEN‐URSTAD K. , JOHANSSON J. , JENSEN‐URSTAD M. 
Published: August 2010

Abstract. Jensen‐Urstad K, Johansson J, Jensen‐Urstad M (Karolinska Institute at Sodersjukhuset, Research Centre of General Medicine, and Huddinge University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden). Vascular function correlates with risk factors for cardiovascular disease in a healthy population of 35‐year‐old subjects. Objective: To investigate whether, in a healthy, randomly selected population of 35‐year‐old menand women, there is a relation between vascular function and conventional risk factors for cardiovascular disease such as gender, smoking, elevated blood‐lipids, high blood pressure and heredity for cardiovascular disease, and to blood glucose. Design: Basal brachial artery diameter was measured. Endothelial function was measured as flow mediated dilation (FMD) in response to reactive hyperaemia. The nonendothelial dependent dilation was measured after sublingual nitro‐glycerine (NTG). Setting: A research centre of general medicine and a university hospital. Subjects: One hundred men and 100 women all 35 years old, were invited by letter. Sixty‐six of the 92 men (72 %) living in the community and 74 of the 88 women (84%) participated. Results: Gender had the largest innuence on FMD and NTG induced arterial dilation, probably reflecting NTG induced dilation is inversely related to basal vessel size (r = ‐0.55, P < 0.001 and r = ‐0.40, P < 0.001). In women basal vessel diameter was positively correlated to blood glucose (r = 0.35, P = 0.009) and BMI (r = 0.34, P = 0.012) and negatively correlated to HDL cholesterol (r = ‐0.43, P = 0.001). FMD and NTG induced arterial dilation correlated with a combined risk factor score (r = ‐0.32, P = 0.019 and r = ‐0.31, P = 0.024). The men with the highest risk factor scores had larger vessel size and higher blood flow at rest compared to men without risk factors (4.8 kO.6 mm, 240f 84 mL min‐‘ and4.0+0.8 111111,139 k 72 mL min‐’, respectively, P = 0.014 and P = 0.016). FMD or NTG induced dilation did not correlate to any of the risk factors in men. Conclusions: There are correlations between vascular reactivity and risk factors for MD in women and correlations between vessel diameter and risk factors for MD in both men and women already in a healthy population 3 5‐year‐old subjects. Further studies are needed to determine if the vessel diameter in itself, in a healthy population, is a sign of attenuated endothelial function.
Cardiac tamponade preceding adrenal insufficiency ‐ an unusual presentation of Addisons's disease: a report of two cases.
Authors: TORFOSS D. , LIPPE E. VON DER , JACOBSEN D. 
Published: August 2010

Abstract.Torfoss D, von der Lippe E, Jacobsen D (Ullevaal University Hospital, Oslo, Norway). Cardiac tamponade preceding adrenal insdciency ‐ an unusual presentation of Addison's disease: a report of two cases (Case report).Two cases of young healthy males presenting with cardiac tamponade and developing clinical adrenal insufficiency within a few weeks are described. On presentation they had a brisk inflammatory response with complement activation. Both had signs of subclinical hepatitis, and both have later shown evidence of thyroid involvement. The possibility of a connection between pericarditis and adrenal insdciency is discussed.
Clinical stable systemic mastocytosis with interferon alpha 2b therapy.
Authors: HÜBNER C. , WEDDING U. , STRÄTER J. , LIMBERG B. , STREMMEL W. 
Published: August 2010

Abstract. Hubner C, Wedding U, Strater J, Limberg B, Stremmel W (Universitat Heidelberg. Friedrich Schiller Universitat, Jena and Universit2t Ulm, Germany). Clinical stable systemic mastocytosis with interferon alpha‐2b therapy (Case report).Systemic mastocytosis (SM) with progessive infiltration of various organs by mast cells is a rare disease with a mean survival of 2 years. So far there is no established therapy. We describe a patient with Stremmel W (Universitat Heidelberg. Friedrich progressive mastocytosis who had a clinical response to interferon alpha‐2b 3 times 5 Mio U sc three times a week. The response is stable 3 years after initiation of therapy and includes reduction of abdominal lymphadenopathy, ascites, decrease of serum and urinary histamine levels as well as pulmonary reticdonodular markings.
Hypocomplementaemia caused by C3 nephritic factors (C3 NeF): clinical findings and the coincidence of C3 NeF type II with anti‐C1q autoantibodies
Authors: SKATTUM L. , MARTENSSON U. , SJÖHOLM A. G. 
Published: August 2010

Abstract. Skattum L, MBrtensson U, Sjoholm AG (Lund University, Lund, Sweden). Hypocomple‐mentaemia caused by C3 nephritic factors (C3 NeF): clinical findings and the coincidence of C3 NeF type I1 with anti‐Clq autoantibodies. 1 Intern Med 1997; 242: 455‐64.Objectives: The main purposes were to document manifestations associated with prolonged or clinical ly unexplained C3 deficiency and to approximate how often hypocomplementaemia of this kind is caused by C3 nephritic factors (C3 NeF), i.e. autoantibodies to alternative pathway C3 convertases. We also wished to distinguish between C3 NeF types I and I1 and to assess coincident autoantibody responses to the collagen‐like region of Clq (ClqCLR).Setting: The investigation was based on serum Samples referred to a specialized laboratory for complement analysis in the course of several years.Subjects: Twenty‐five persons with C3 concentrations lower than 0.43 g L', a third of the normal, were included in the study.Results: Analysis using three methods provided evidence of C3 NeF in 20 persons with equal frequencies of C3 NeF types I and 11. We also gave evidence of antibody specificity differences for the two types of C3 NeF. Six patients with C3 NeF type I1 showed antibodies to C1 qCLR. Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis was the predominant diagnosis and two patients had partial lipodystrophy reflecting the wellknown association between these diseases and C3 NeF. Anaphylactoid purpura, systemic lupus erythematosus, and severe infection, mainly meningococcal disease, were also observed.Conclusions: The study group was probably fairly representative of C3 deficiency syndromes as encountered in clinical practice. The findings emphasize the heterogeneity of C3 NeF, and that acquired C3 deficiency syndromes caused by C3 NeF should perhaps be considered more often in diagnostic work.
Elevated apoptotic cell population in patients with chronic fatigue syndrome: the pivotal role of protein Kinase RNA
Authors: VOJDANI A. , GHONEUM M. , CHOPPA P. C. , MAGTOTO L. , LAPP C. W. 
Published: August 2010

Abstract. Vojdani A, Ghoneum M, Choppa PC, Magtoto L, Lapp CW (Immunosciences Laboratory Inc., Beverly Hills, and Charles Drew University School of Medicine and Science, Los Angeles, California, and the Hunter‐Hopkins Centre, Charlotte, North Carolina, USA). Elevated apoptotic cell population in patients with chronic fatigue syn‐drome: the pivotal role of protein kinase RNA. J Intern Med 1997; 242: 465478.Objectives: A prominent feature of chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) is a disordered immune system. Recent evidence indicates that induction of apoptosis might be mediated in a dysregulated immune system by the upregulation of growth inhibitory cytokines. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the apoptotic cell population, interferon‐alpha (IFN‐ a) and the IFN‐induced protein kinase RNA (PKR)gene transcripts in peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) of CFS individuals, as compared to healthy controls.Subjects and methods: PBL were isolated from CFS (n = 29) and healthy control individuals (n = 15) and subjected to quantitative analysis of apoptotic cell population and cell cycle progression by flow cytometry. Quantitative competitive polymerase chain reaction (QIC PCR) and Western blot analysis were used to assess the levels of PKR mRNA and protein in control and CFS individuals. In addition, circulating IFNα was measured by ELISA assay.Results: Increased apoptotic cell population was observed in CFS individuals, as compared to healthy controls (26.6 2 12.9% and 9.9 ? 4.2% respectively). The increased apoptotic subpopulation in CFS individuals was accompanied by an abnormal cell arrest in the S phase and the G2lM boundary of the cell cycle as compared to the control group (8.6 ‐I 1.2 to 22.8 2 2.4 and 3.6 5 0.82 to 24.3 ? 3.4, respectively). In addition, CFS individuals exhibited enhanced PKR mRNA and protein levels (mean basal level 3538 ? 1050 and 2.7 ‐+ 0.26, respectively) as compared to healthy controls (mean basal level 562 5 162 and 0.89 ‐I 0.18, respectively). In 50% of the CFS samples (n = 29) treated with 2‐aminopurine (2‐AP) (a potent inhibitor of PKR) the apoptotic population was reduced by more then 50%.Conclusions: PKR‐mediated apoptosis in CFS individuals may contribute to the pathogenesis and the fatigue symptomatology associated with CFS.
Post‐transplant hyperlipidaemia: low‐dose lovastatin lowers atherogenic lipids with without plasma accumulation of lovastatin
Authors: GULLESTAD L. , NORDAL K. P. , FORFANG K. , IHLEN H. , HØSTMARK A. , BERG K. J. , CHENG H. , SCHWARTZ M. S. , GEIRAN O. , SIMONSEN S. 
Published: August 2010

Abstract.Gullestad L, Nordal K, Forfang K, Ihlen H, Hostmark A, Berg KJ, Cheng H, Schwartz MS, Geiran 0, Simonsen S (Rikshospitalet University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway, and Merck Research Laboratories, West Point, PA, USA). Post‐transplant hyperlipidaemia: low‐dose lovastatin lowers atherogenic lipids without plasma ac‐cumulation of lovastatin. 1 Intern Med 1997; 242: 483‐490.Objectives:The purpose of the present study was twofold. First, to determine the frequency of hyperlipidaemia after heart transplantation (Tx) in relation to values obtained before Tx. Secondly, to examine the effect of low‐dose lovastatin on possible antiatherogenic mechanisms and test the hypothesis that the side‐effects are dose‐dependent.Subjects and design:Retrospective study of the frequency of hyperlipidaemia disturbances in heart transplant patients. In addition, in a prospective study, the safety and efficacy of incremental study, the safety and efficacy of incremental studied, with measurements of its plasma concentration in 24 cyclosporin A treated heart (n = 14) and kidney (n = 10) recipients with total cholesterol >7.5 mmol L‐I.Results:Cholesterol increased markedly after heart transplantation from a pretransplant value of 5.3 (5.0.5.6) mmol L‐‘ to 6.7 (6.4.7.0) mmol L ‐’ after 1 year and then remained constant, but this increase was largely due to a ‘normalization’ since cholesterol decreased significantly during increasing heart failure before transplantation. Treatment with lovastatin decreased total cholesterol by 19% (P < 0.00l), primarily by an effect on IBL cholesterol. HDL cholesterol increased by 15% (P < 0.05), whereas triglycerides remained unchanged. Lovastatin also caused a significant reduction in apolipoprotein B of 16% and lipid peroxidation of 40%. whereas apolipoprotein A‐I, fibperoxidation of 40%. whereas apolipoprotein A‐I, fibcentration of lovastatin was significantly higher in transplant recipients compared with controls, but there was no accumulation during incremental dosing of lovastatin. The drug was well tolerated without significant symptoms or evidence of myopathy.Conclusions:Hyperlipidaemia is common after cardiac transplantation. Treatment with low dose lovastatin is well tolerated and has a favourable effect on atherogenic lipids.
The usefulness of skin culture in the diagnosis of chronic meningococcaemia
Authors: TEXEREAU M. , ROBLOT P. , DUMARS A. , GRIGNON B. , BECQ‐GIRAUDON B. 
Published: August 2010

Abstract. Texereau M, Roblot E', Dumars A, Grignon B, Becq‐Giraudon B (Hbpital la Miktrie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Poitiers, Cedex, France). The usefulness of skin culture in the diagnosis of chronic meningococcaemia (Case Report)We deal with the second reported case of chronic meningococcaemia in which the culture of skin biopmeningococcaemia in which the culture of skin biopa history of recurrent fever and rash. Laboratory studies revealed an inflammatory syndrome. Serologic tests as well as blood culture tests were negative. The histological examination of skin lesions revealed a perivascular infiltrate in the dermis without any picture of leukocytoclastic vasculitis. A culture of skin specimen tested positive for Neisseria meningitidis (N. meningitidis). After a week of antibiotic treatment, the patient recovered with no recurrence of either fever or rash over a two year period.
The influence of ketoacids on plasma creatinine assays in diabetic ketoacidosis
Authors: Kemperman F. A. W. , Weber J. A. , Gorgels J. , Van Zanten A. P. , Krediet R. T. , Arisz L. 
Published: August 2010

Abstract. Kemperman FAW, Weber JA, Gorgels J, van Zanten AP, Krediet RT, Arisz L (University of Amsterdam and Slotervaart Hospital, Amsterdam, The Netherlands). The influence of ketoacids on plasma creatinine assays in diabetic ketoacidosis. J Intern Med 2000; 248: 513–519.Objective. Analysis of the interference of ketoacids on various routine plasma creatinine assays during a clinical episode of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA).Design. Observational study. Blood samples were drawn before, during and after standard in‐hospital treatment. Plasma creatinine was measured with two dissimilar enzymatic assays (creatininase PAP + and creatinine iminohydrolase Serapak), a kinetic alkaline picrate method (Jaffé) and a high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) procedure. Acetoacetate and β‐hydroxybutyrate were analysed by enzymatic methods.Setting. Department of Medicine, University Hospital.Subjects. Nine patients who experienced 10 episodes of DKA.Main outcome measures. Agreement of the routine plasma creatinine assays with HPLC and analysis of possible interferents.Results. At presentation, the Jaffé assay gave falsely high values of plasma creatinine (median 99 µmol L–1), in contrast to the PAP+ (median 60.5 µmol L–1) and HPLC assays (median 67.5 µmol L–1). This positive error decreased during treatment. This was due to a decrease in acetoacetate, as the positive error by the Jaffé method correlated with the acetoacetate concentration (r = 0.79, P < 0.0001). In the multiple regression analysis, β‐hydroxybutyrate caused no additional interference by the Jaffé assay, confirmed by in vitro experiments. Analysis of agreement showed that the difference between PAP+ and HPLC creatinine was – 4.6 ± 3.0 µmol L–1 (mean ± SD), and 2.0 ± 5.3 µmol L–1 between Serapak and HPLC. This was statistically significant, but clinically negligible.Conclusion. Acetoacetate caused severe interference of the alkaline picrate (Jaffé) assay, which might influence therapeutic decisions at the start of diabetic ketoacidosis. Enzymatic assays lack this interference.
Increased mortality in diabetes during the first 10 years of the disease. A population‐based study (DISS) in Swedish adults 15–34 years old at diagnosis
Authors: Wibell L. , Nyström L. , Östman J. , Arnqvist H. , Blohmé G. , Lithner F. , Littorin B. , Sundkvist G. 
Published: August 2010

Abstract. Wibell L, Nyström L, Östman J, Arnqvist H, Blohmé G, Lithner F, Littorin B, Sundkvist G (Uppsala University Hospital, Uppsala; Umeå University, Umeå; Huddinge Hospital, Stockholm; Linköping University Hospital, Linköping; Sahlgrenska Hospital, Gothenburg; University of Lund; and Malmö University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden). Increased mortality in diabetes during the first 10 years of the disease. A population‐based study (DISS) in Swedish adults 15–34 years old at diagnosis. J Intern Med 2001; 249: 263–270. Objectives. To study, prospectively, in young adult patients, the mortality during the first years after the diagnosis of diabetes. Design. The Diabetes Incidence Study in Sweden (DISS) aims to register all incident cases aged 15–34 years. During a 10‐year period all deaths were identified by record linkage to the national Cause of Death Registry. Subjects. During the period, 4097 new cases were registered and classified as type 1 diabetes (73%), type 2 (16%), secondary (2%) and unclassified (9%). The median follow‐up was 5 years (21 001 person‐years). Main outcome measures. Calculation of the standardized mortality ratio (SMR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). Evaluation of all deceased by scrutiny of clinical records, death certificates and autopsy protocols. Results. Fifty‐eight patients died, corresponding to an SMR of 3.5 (CI=2.7–4.5), which increased from 1.5 at 15–19 years to 4.1 at 30–34 years. SMR was 2.7 in primary diabetes: 2.3 (1.6–3.3) in type 1 and 4.1 (2.6–6.7) in type 2. In secondary diabetes, alcohol‐associated pancreatitis a common cause, SMR was 32 (CI=24–45). Evidence of alcohol or drug misuse, mental dysfunction or suicide was found in 40 of all 58 deceased cases. Less often, hypoglycaemia (n=7) or hyperglycaemia‐ketoacidosis (n=11) was present at death. Unexplained ‘dead in bed’ was found once. Conclusions. In the investigated population‐based cohort the early mortality was about threefold increased. Hypoglycaemia and ketoacidosis per se played a relatively small role compared with a heavy impact from social and mental dysfunction, and from careless use of alcohol or drugs.
Developing an optimal approach to global drug safety
Authors: Balkrishnan R. , Furberg C. D. 
Published: August 2010

Abstract. Balkrishnan R, Furberg CD (Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston‐Salem, NC, USA). Developing an optimal approach to global drug safety (Review).J Intern Med2001:250; 271–279.An increasing number of media reports on a number of marketed drugs withdrawn because of harmful effects, a scientific report on epidemic proportions of serious adverse drug reactions in hospitalized patients, and a disturbing report on medical mistakes that includes medication errors have recently all brought drug safety into intense focus and placed it under greater scrutiny. Concerted efforts are now being made to understand the causes of drug safety problems and to find ways to reduce their frequency. An international symposium, ‘Developing an Optimal Approach to Drug Safety’ was held at Wake Forest University in the Fall of 2000 to identify the issues and solutions to extant problems in this area. This report summarizes the resulting discussions of global postmarketing surveillance initiatives and describes efforts to reduce medication errors, and improve global communication about drug safety.
Fruit and vegetable consumption in the prevention of cancer: an update
Authors: Terry P. , Terry J. B. , Wolk A. 
Published: August 2010

Abstract. Terry P, Terry JB, Wolk A (The Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden; Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA; and National Food Administration, Uppsala, Sweden). Fruit and vegetable consumption in the prevention of cancer: an update (Review). J Intern Med 2001; 250: 280–290.Fruit and vegetables are considered to be important means of preventing cancer through diet. However, several recent large prospective cohort studies and clinical trials have found no associations regarding several major cancers, including cancers of the colon, breast and stomach. Although these results are disconcerting, especially for health‐conscious individuals, there is also mounting evidence that people who avoid fruit and vegetables completely, or consume very little, are indeed at increased risk of these cancers. These individuals in particular should be identified, with the goal of helping them find ways to include more fruit and vegetables in their diets.
Chronic mild neutropenia in adults: relation to IgG3 deficiency and infection susceptibility
Authors: Karlström R. , Gustafson R. , Palmblad J. 
Published: August 2010

Abstract. Karlström R, Gustafson R, Palmblad J (The Karolinska Institutet at Huddinge University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden). Chronic mild neutropenia in adults: relation to IgG3 deficiency and infection susceptibility. J Intern Med 2001; 250: 342–347. Objectives. Chronic mild neutropenias (NP, i.e. absolute neutrophil blood counts/ANC/0.5–1.5 × 109 L−1) are accompanied by a variable infection susceptibility, which may or may not be as a result of concomitant conditions. Here, we assessed whether such patients also displayed an immunoglobulin deficiency and if this condition contributed to infection proneness. Design, setting and subjects. Thirty consecutive adult Caucasian patients with chronic mild NP were followed at one university hospital for up to 28 years. Comparisons were made with 49 IgG3 deficiency patients at an immunodeficiency clinic. Main outcome measures. Recorded infections, ANC and serum immunoglobulin levels; flow cytometry assessments of blood lymphocyte subsets and tests for autoimmunity were run to determine neutropenia subtypes. Results. Forty per cent of the NP patients were treated for severe or recurrent infections. The mean IgG3 value for the NP patients was significantly lower than for healthy controls (P < 0.005) and 33% of the patients displayed IgG3 values below the reference values (i.e. below 0.21 g L−1), and an additional 13% had IgG3 values within the range others consider low (0.21–0.41 g L−1). Unexpectedly, neutropenic IgG3 deficiency patients exhibited less infection proneness than those with normal IgG3 values (P=0.03). Patients with autoimmune, large granular lymphocyte‐associated or idiopathic NP had IgG3 deficiency in 63, 44 and 38%, respectively. In addition, none of IgG3 deficiency patients followed at the immunodeficiency clinic displayed neutropenia. Conclusion. IgG3 deficiency is common amongst chronic mild neutropenia patients, particularly in those with autoimmune background, but contributes not significantly to infection susceptibility.
Ultrasound imaging in diagnosis of superior mesenteric artery syndrome
Authors: NERI S. , SIGNORELLI S. S. , MONDATI E. , PULVIRENTI D. , CAMPANILE E. , DI PINO L. , SCUDERI M. , GIUSTOLISI N. , DI PRIMA P. , MAUCERI B. , ABATE G. , CILIO D. , MISSERI M. , SCUDERI R. 
Published: August 2010

Abstract.Objectives.  We screened a cohort of subjects affected by various degree of dyspepsia to reveal if they presented a reduction of the aorto‐mesenteric angle and to diagnose suspected cases of superior mesenteric artery (SMA) syndrome.Design.  Controlled, prospective, study.Setting. Subjects were studied as outpatients.Subjects.  The study investigated a total of 3622 subjects referred to our department by their general practitioners for dyspepsia and/or abdominal pain.Interventions.  Abdominal ultrasonography with power colour Doppler, gastroduodenoscopy, hypotonic duodenography, contrast‐enhanced spiral computerized tomography were performed.Main outcome measurement and results.  Color Doppler revealed a significant reduction of the SMA angle in 29 of 950 subjects; gastroscopy showed duodenal compressive pulsation in 14 of 29 patients and X‐ray revealed compression of the third segment of the duodenum in 28 of 29 patients. CT confirmed the presence of a reduced angle and various degrees of duodenal compression in all patients. Ultrasonography and CT examinations gave overlapping results (P > 0.05) in diagnosing pathological aorto‐mesenteric angle.Conclusion.  The authors believe that the incidence of reduced aorto‐mesenteric angle and SMA syndrome might be underrated.Ultrasound power colour Doppler imaging is useful in epidemiological screening of reduced aorto‐mesenteric angle to diagnose suspected cases of SMA syndrome.