bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Variables affecting new drug prices in South Korea’s pricing system
Authors: Lee Dong Yun , Cho Seong Ha , Lee Da Hye , Kang Su Jeong , Lee Jong Hyuk 
Published: May 2024

Objective: The price of pharmaceuticals is important from the economic and industrial perspectives but as well as patients’ access to treatment. This study aimed to analyze the variables affecting the prices of new drugs in South Korea’s pricing system.Methods: Data on 192 new drugs listed in South Korea from 2012 to 2022 were collected from the official website of the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service. The independent variables included drugs for severe diseases, alternatives, number of patients, number of advanced 7 countries listed, budget impact, and listing period. The dependent variables included annual treatment cost and the price ratio to the advanced 7 country’s average adjusted price. Descriptive statistics of variables, linear correlations between quantitative independent and dependent variables, and associations between independent and dependent variables were analyzed.Results: The mean annual treatment cost and price ratio to the advanced 7 country’s average adjusted price were higher for drugs for severe diseases and those with no alternatives. Annual treatment cost and price ratio to the advanced 7 country’s average adjusted price were negatively correlated with the number of patients and positively correlated with the number of advanced 7 countries listed. Annual treatment cost was affected by the variables drugs for severe diseases, alternatives, number of patients, number of advanced 7 countries listed, and budget impact. The price ratio to the advanced 7 country’s average adjusted price was affected by drugs for severe diseases, alternatives, and the number of patients.Conclusion: This study revealed the effect of different variables on the prices of new drugs in South Korea, allowing for the development of a more effective assessment system to evaluate the prices of new drugs while ensuring profitability for pharmaceutical companies, sustainability of public insurance, and accessibility to drugs by patients.
Cytochrome P450 enzymes in the black-spotted frog (Pelophylax nigromaculatus): molecular characterization and upregulation of expression by sulfamethoxazole
Authors: Liu Zhiqun , Shi Chaoli , Wang Bingyi , Zhang Xiaofang , Ding Jiafeng , Gao Panpan , Yuan Xia , Liu Zhiquan , Zhang Hangjun 
Published: May 2024

Cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes are crucial for the detoxification of xenobiotics, cellular metabolism, and homeostasis. This study investigated the molecular characterization of CYP enzymes in the black-spotted frog, Pelophylax nigromaculatus, and examined the regulation of CYP expression in response to chronic exposure to the antibiotic sulfamethoxazole (SMX) at various environmental concentrations (0, 1, 10, and 100 μg/L). The full-length cDNA of Pn-CYP26B1 was identified. The sequence included open reading frames of 1,536 bp, encoding proteins comprising 511 amino acids. The signature motif, FxxGxxxCxG, was highly conserved when compared with a number of selected animal species. SMX significantly upregulated the expression of the protein CYP26B1 in frog livers at concentrations of 1 and 10 μg/L. SMX showed an affinity for CYP26B1 of −7.6 kcal/mol, indicating a potential mechanism for SMX detoxification or adaptation of the frog. These findings contributed to our understanding of the environmental impact of antibiotics on amphibian species and underscored the importance of CYP enzymes in maintaining biochemical homeostasis under exposure to xenobiotic stress.
Symptom experiences and influencing factors in patients undergoing chemotherapy for gastrointestinal cancers: a qualitative study
Authors: Huang Xiaoying , Yang Heng , Qiao Yanyan 
Published: May 2024

ObjectiveTo explore the symptom experiences and influencing factors of gastrointestinal (GI) cancer patients on chemotherapy (CTX) in China.MethodsSemi-structured interviews were conducted with 13 GI cancer patients undergoing CTX. Following the Colaizzi 7-step analysis method, the interview data were read carefully, meaningful statements related to the research questions were extracted, coded, collected, and described in detail, and the authenticity of the theme was verified.ResultsNine themes were grouped into two main areas including the characteristics of symptom experiences and influences on symptom experiences.ConclusionThe symptom experiences of patients undergoing CTX for GI cancer is poor and influenced by multiple factors. Nurses need to pay attention to the assessment and monitoring of CTX-related symptoms, improve symptom recognition, enhance doctor-patient communication and social support, explore intelligent management methods, and increase the efficiency of healthcare services to improve patients’ symptom experience.
Peer assumption: an illusory consensus hidden in the criminal responsibility of juvenile offender—evidence from psychology
Authors: Liu Sanyang , Su Yangxue , Fu Yumiao , Li Haifeng , Xu Dayong , Zhou Min , Jian Weibo 
Published: May 2024

IntroductionThere is a consensus hidden in the criminal legislation of many countries that the criminal responsibility capacity of juvenile offenders is not significantly different from that of their peers. The purpose of this paper was to test this hypothesis. The research objects of this paper were 187 juvenile offenders in J Province, China, who are under detention measures, and 2,449 students from junior high school, senior high school and university in S Province as comparison objects. We subjected the gathered materials to independent-samples t-tests and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA).Results(1) The self-control ability (109.30, 123.59) and empathy ability (63.86, 72.45) of juvenile offenders were significantly different from those of ordinary minors, but the difference of dialectical thinking ability was not statistically significant; (2) Except for the influence of mother’s education level and family income on dialectical thinking ability, the other variables had no statistical significance on the three kinds of ability. Therefore, it was suggested that the correction plan and means for juvenile offenders should focus on the improvement of self-control ability and empathy ability.
Randomized controlled trial of an Acceptance and Commitment Therapy and compassion-based group intervention for persons with inflammatory bowel disease: the LIFEwithIBD intervention
Authors: Ferreira Cláudia , Pereira Joana , Skvarc David , Oliveira Sara , Galhardo Ana , Ferreira Nuno B. , Lucena-Santos Paola , Carvalho Sérgio A. , Matos-Pina Inês , Rocha Bárbara S. , Portela Francisco , Trindade Inês A. 
Published: May 2024

ObjectivesThis study tested the acceptability and efficacy of an Acceptance and Commitment Therapy and compassion-based intervention (LIFEwithIBD) in people with IBD through a two-arm RCT.MethodsParticipants were recruited at the Gastroenterology Department of the Coimbra University Hospital between June and September 2019. Of the 355 patients screened, those who accepted to participate were randomly assigned to one of two conditions: experimental group (LIFEwithIBD; n = 25) or control group (waitlist; n = 29). Participants completed self-report measures at baseline (T0), post-intervention (T1), and 3-month (T2) and 12-month (T3) follow-ups. Intervention acceptability was assessed. Efficacy was examined using intent-to-treat ANCOVA at post-intervention after adjusting for baseline values of depressive, anxiety, and stress symptoms (primary outcomes). Linear mixed models for all longitudinal outcomes were also analysed. Inflammatory and disease biomarkers were determined at T0 and T3.ResultsAcceptability results revealed a high level of satisfaction and perceived usefulness regarding the intervention. Both groups experienced a significant decrease in stress symptoms and IBD symptom perception at T1. No significant differences were observed at follow-up for the primary outcomes. The experimental group reported significantly lower Crohn’s disease Symptom severity at T2 than the control group. Post-hoc analyses designed to mitigate floor effects revealed substantial treatment effects for the experimental group regarding anxiety symptoms. No significant differences were observed in clinical biomarkers from T0 to T3.ConclusionThe LIFEwithIBD intervention shows promising, although preliminary, benefits for managing disease activity and reducing anxiety symptoms in IBD patients with high severity of psychological distress.Clinical trial registration: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03840707, identifier NCT03840707.
Post-traumatic stress disorder in the Ethiopian population dwelling in war-affected communities: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Tinsae Techilo , Shumet Shegaye , Tadesse Gebresilassie , Takelle Girmaw Medfu , Rtbey Gidey , Melkam Mamaru , Andualem Fantahun , Nakie Girum , Segon Tesfaye , Koye Selam , Fentahun Setegn , Alemu Wondale Getinet 
Published: May 2024

BackgroundPost-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a significant mental health concern globally, particularly prevalent in populations exposed to war and conflict. This systematic review and meta-analysis aim to examine the prevalence and factors associated with PTSD among the Ethiopian population residing in war-affected communities.MethodsThe review was reported according to the PRISMA guidelines. Related eligible published articles were searched in electronic online databases such as PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, MEDLINE/PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Science Direct, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and Google, which reported the prevalence and risk factors of PTSD among people dwelling in the war-affected area until January 2024. The relevant data was extracted using a Microsoft Excel spreadsheet. The meta-analysis was conducted using STATA version 11. The estimated pooled prevalence and risk factors were estimated using a random effect model. The potential risk of publication bias was checked using a funnel plot and Egger’s statistical test.ResultsA total of nine published studies with 6107 participants were analyzed in this meta-analysis. The estimated pooled prevalence of PTSD among people living in war-affected areas was 48.4%, with a 95% CI (37.1, 59.8). This study found a higher prevalence of PTSD among women than men. Being female (OR= 2.2, 95% CI: 1.2, 4.3), witnessing a murder of a loved one (OR= 3.0, 95% CI: 1.2, 7.5), depression symptoms (OR= 2.8, 95% CI: 1.4, 5.6), and anxiety symptoms (OR= 3.4, 95% CI: 1.4, 8.0), a close family member killed or seriously injured (OR= 3.1, 95% CI: 1.2, 7.7), a moderate and high perceived threat to life (OR= 3.4, 95% CI: 1.3, 9.1), and poor social support (OR= 4.4, 95% CI: 1.1, 18.7) were associated with post-traumatic stress disorder.ConclusionThe result of this study shows the high prevalence rate of PTSD in people living in war-affected areas. disparities in PTSD prevalence, with women being at higher risk, and identified risk factors were witnessing the murder of a loved one, experiencing depression and anxiety, and perceived threat to life. Addressing PTSD in war-affected communities requires comprehensive interventions that consider both individual and contextual factors.Systematic review registrationwww.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/, identifier CRD42024501384.
The relationship between social support and erectile dysfunction in middle-aged and older males
Authors: Hu Danqing , Zhang Yan , Zhang Yue , Liu Yu , Han Jing 
Published: May 2024

BackgroundErectile dysfunction (ED) is a prevalent condition that affects middle-aged and older men, impacting their sexual health and overall wellbeing. We aimed to investigate the relationship between social support and ED among this specific population.MethodsData were collected from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Social support was assessed through various dimensions, including emotional support, material support, and network support. Multivariate logistic regression was performed to examine the association between social support and ED, and a propensity-score-matched (PSM) analysis was further conducted.ResultsAmong 1938 middle-aged and older males in the United States, 49.9% had a history of ED. ED was more prevalent in older individuals and those with comorbidities such as hypertension, prostate disease, higher serum creatinine level, and mental problems. Males with lower social support scores had a higher weighted rate of ED (P &lt; 0.001). After adjusting for multiple variables in logistic regression analysis, a higher social support score was associated with a 19% lower likelihood of ED (weighted odds ratio [OR] 0.81, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.66–0.98, P = 0.032). The association remained consistent after propensity score matching (OR 0.80, 95% CI 0.66–0.98, P = 0.028).ConclusionSocial support appears to be associated with a reduced risk of ED in middle-aged and older men. Further research is needed to better understand this relationship and explore interventions that enhance social support, potentially leading to improved sexual health outcomes.
Tobacco consumption and quality of life among teachers: a bidirectional problem
Authors: Lizana Pablo A. , Vilches-Gómez Valentina , Barra Lisseth , Lera Lydia 
Published: May 2024

ObjectiveThis study aimed to assess a bidirectional relationship between tobacco consumption and quality of life among Chilean teachers.Participants and methodsA total sample of 647 Chilean teachers was included in a cross-sectional study (71.8% female). Teachers completed a socio-demographic questionnaire, tobacco consumption habits, and the SF-36 questionnaire to assess quality of life. Logistic regression models were employed for statistical analysis of quality of life (physical component summary; mental component summary), and tobacco consumption habits, adjusted for socio-demographic characteristics.ResultsA total of 34.2% of teachers were smokers, with the majority (68.7%) being under 45 years old. Smoking teachers demonstrated lower quality of life scores, particularly mental health and emotional problems dimensions, and mental component summary (p &lt; 0.05) versus nonsmoking teachers. Teachers with tobacco consumption had a higher risk of low mental component summary (OR: 1.74; p &lt; 0.001), and those with low mental component summary were more likely to be smokers (OR: 1.77; p &lt; 0.002).ConclusionThese findings indicate that tobacco consumption adversely affects the quality of life of Chilean teachers, especially their mental health. Psychological support should be provided to help teachers cope with work stress and tobacco consumption.
Exploring biorepository donation patterns, experiences, and recommendations: a mixed-methods study among Appalachian adults enrolled in a sugary drink reduction program
Authors: Brock Donna-Jean P. , Markwalter Theresa , Li Li , Venkatesh Samyukta , Helms Cheyanne , Reid Annie , Zoellner Jamie M. 
Published: May 2024

BackgroundUnder-represented subgroups in biomarker research linked to behavioral health trials may impact the promise of precision health. This mixed methods study examines biorepository donations across an Appalachian sample enrolled in a sugary drink reduction intervention trial.MethodsParticipants enrolled in the behavioral trial were asked to join an optional biomarker study and were tracked for enrollment and biospecimen returns (stool and/or buccal sample). At 6 months, participants completed a summative interview on decision-making process, experiences collecting samples, and recommendations to encourage biospecimen donation. Return rates were analyzed across demographics (i.e., age, gender, race, education, income, health literacy status, and rurality status) using chi-squares. Qualitative data were content coded with differences compared by biomarker study enrollment and donation choices.ResultsOf the 249 invited participants, 171 (61%) enrolled, and 63% (n = 157) returned buccal samples and 49% (n = 122) returned stool samples. Metro residing participants were significantly more likely (56%) to return stool samples compared to non-metro (39%) counterparts [x2(1) = 6.61; p = 0.01]. Buccal sample return had a similar trend, 67 and 57%, respectively for metro vs. non-metro [x2(1) = 2.84; p = 0.09]. An additional trend indicated that older (≥40 years) participants were more likely (55%) to donate stool samples than younger (43%) participants [x2(1) = 3.39; p = 0.07]. No other demographics were significantly associated with biospecimen return. Qualitative data indicated that societal (66–81%) and personal (41–51%) benefits were the most reported reasons for deciding to donate one or both samples, whereas mistrust (3–11%) and negative perceptions of the collection process (44–71%) were cited the most by those who declined one or both samples. Clear instructions (60%) and simple collection kits (73%) were donation facilitators while challenges included difficult stool collection kits (16%) and inconveniently located FedEx centers (16%). Recommendations to encourage future biorepository donation were to clarify benefits to science and others (58%), provide commensurate incentives (25%), explain purpose (19%) and privacy protections (20%), and assure ease in sample collection (19%).ConclusionStudy findings suggest the need for biomarker research awareness campaigns. Researchers planning for future biomarker studies in medically underserved regions, like Appalachia, may be able to apply findings to optimize enrollment.
Development of the Standardized Navigation Of Winter Mobility & Accessibility Network (SNOWMAN) course
Authors: Ripat Jacquie , Giesbrecht Ed , Borisoff Jaimie , Morales Ernesto , Harrison Kara-Lyn 
Published: May 2024

IntroductionManual wheelchairs (MWC) users have limited mobility during winter months as they encounter many environmental barriers that restrict their community participation. This paper outlines the creation and standardization of an outdoor environment designed to simulate the real-life conditions and obstacles experienced by MWC users in winter.Methods and resultsThis study consisted of four phases. In Phase 1, researchers used a qualitative ethnographic approach to document the specific challenges and adaptive strategies used by MWC users in winter conditions. In Phase 2, key informants with expertise in MWC winter mobility were invited to co-design the Standardized Navigation Of Winter Mobility &amp; Accessibility Network (SNOWMAN) course. Participants reviewed draft design solutions and offered their input and suggestions to expand upon the initial design. A second co-design workshop included additional key informants, including service providers, policymakers, and professionals with expertise in landscape architecture and engineering, to validate the design solution. The workshops resulted in a detailed illustration of the SNOWMAN course, including five sections: platforms with side slopes, a miniature ice rink, curbs and curb cuts, a path with uneven winter surfaces, and modular ramps at various slopes. Phases 3 and 4 marked the conclusion of the study and involved fabrication of the SNOWMAN course and establishment of a standardized protocol for course setup and maintenance.DiscussionThe project aimed to offer several additional potential benefits, supported by the various stakeholders across the study phases, that extend beyond creation of a controlled and safe environment for wheelchair users to develop their winter mobility skills. Practicing wheelchair skills in this area may assist wheelchair users in gaining confidence which may ultimately translate to increased participation in the community.
Luteinizing hormone supplementation in controlled ovarian stimulation: the Iran Delphi consensus
Authors: Salehpour Saghar , Aleyasin Ashraf , Moini Ashraf , Mousavifar Nezhat , Mohammadhossein Nasresfahani , Abdollahi Fard Sedighe , Marzie Sanuiefarimani , Mohammadzadeh Mahboubeh , Fischer Robert 
Published: May 2024

IntroductionNumerous consensus documents worldwide address luteinizing hormone (LH) supplementation in controlled ovarian stimulation, yet to the best of our knowledge, only one consensus paper has been published in the Arab region. This study presents a Delphi consensus by seven Iranian infertility experts, offering real-world clinical perspectives. The aim was to develop evidence-based opinions on LH's role alongside FSH in various aspects of assisted reproductive technology (ART), including LH levels, monitoring, r-hLH use, and suggested activity.MethodsEmploying the Delphi consensus approach, the Iran consensus unfolded in three steps. In Step 1, eight out of 10 statements gained approval, while two unclear statements were removed. In Step 2, the 20-member extended panel voted on the remaining eight statements.ResultsOnly one (statement 3) lacked consensus (55% agreement), prompting a modification. The revised statement (noted as statement 3′) obtained an 83% agreement.DiscussionThe clinical perspectives included in this consensus complement clinical guidelines and policies that help further improve treatment outcomes, especially for patients with FSH and LH deficiencies.
Evaluation of physical activity before and after respiratory rehabilitation in normal weight individuals with asthma: a feasibility study
Authors: Oliva Federico Mattia , Tarasconi Matteo , Malovini Alberto , Zappa Martina , Visca Dina , Zampogna Elisabetta 
Published: May 2024

BackgroundIndividuals with asthma spend less time engaging in physical activity compared to the general population. Increasing physical activity has become a patient-centered goal for the treatment of treatable traits of individuals with asthma. There are data showing the possible effects of a pulmonary rehabilitation program on physical activity in obese individuals with asthma but not in normal-weight asthmatics. The objective of this feasibility study is to estimate the number of daily steps and time spent on activity in normal-weight individuals with asthma, measured before and after a pulmonary rehabilitation program.MethodsNormal-weight individuals with moderate to severe asthma were evaluated. The individuals measured their daily steps with an accelerometer for 5 days before and after a pulmonary rehabilitation program. The study was registered on ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT05486689.ResultsIn total, 17 participants were enrolled; one dropout and data on the time in activity of two individuals are missing due to a software error during the download. Data from 16 patients were analyzed. The median number of steps/day at baseline was 5,578 (25th, 75th percentiles = 4,874, 9,685) while the median activity time was 214 min (25th, 75th percentiles = 165, 239). After the rehabilitation program, the number of daily steps increased by a median value of 472 (p-value = 0.561) and the time in activity reduced by 17 min (p-value = 0.357). We also found a significant difference in quality of life, muscle strength, and exercise capacity.ConclusionsThe results of this study make it possible to calculate the sample size of future studies whose main outcome is daily steps in normal-weight individuals with asthma. The difficulties encountered in downloading time in activity data do not allow the same for this outcome.Clinical Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov, identifier NCT05486689.