Remote monitoring is an independent predictor of better survival in patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy and implantable cardioverter-defibrillators
Authors: Dyrbus M , Pyka Ł , Kurek A , Niedziela J , Adamowicz-Czoch E , Ostrega M , Sokola K , Pres D , Tajstra M , Gasior M 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Introduction
Despite improvements in pharmacotherapy and advancements in invasive techniques, patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy are at high risk of adverse events and death. Strategies aimed at improving prognosis, including patient-centered individualization of care are needed. Remote monitoring (RM) of patients with heart failure, which allows for a continuous assessment of device- and some patient-related parameters, has been shown to reduce the risk of hospitalization and death, although no analyses were focused specifically on patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).

Purpose
To determine whether RM is associated with outcomes in patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy after percutaneous coronary intervention.

Methods
The clinical, echocardiographic and angiographic data of consecutive patients with ICM and ICD or CRT-D, who had undergone PCI were obtained from the single-centre COMMIT-HF registry. Each consecutive patient with ICM was offered RM at the discretion of the treating physician. The RM center in our facility monitors patients with cardiac implantable devices in all working days. In case of any clinical, or device-related events potentially requiring reaction, patients are telephonically invited to contact healthcare system, either in the local emergency departments, or in our hospital, or outpatient clinic. Patients supervised with RM undergo routine in-person visits in the outpatient device clinic every 12 months. In the conventional arm, routine visits in the outpatient clinic occur every 6 months. The long-term data were acquired from the National Health Fund – the sole Polish healthcare provider. The primary outcome of the study was 36-month all-cause mortality.

Results
In the years 2009-2017, there were a total of 1019 patients with ICM and ICD, who underwent PCI, and those constituted the study group. Of those, 227 (22.3%) were monitored remotely, while the remaining were treated conventionally. The studied groups did not differ significantly, apart from that the patients with RM had a history of CABG, and had a lower mean left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF, 26% vs 32%, p&lt;0.001) than subjects without RM, while the percentage of CRT-D devices was significantly higher in patients with RM (36.2% vs 6.2%, p&lt;0.001). The 36-month all-cause mortality rate was 18.9% in patients monitored remotely and 25.3% in subjects without RM (p log rank = 0.028). In the multivariable analysis, RM was identified as an independent predictor of lower mortality. The other variables independently associated with higher survival were lower age, absence of anemia, optimal glomerular filtration rate, and higher LVEF.

Conclusions
Remote monitoring of patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy is independently associated with lower all-cause mortality in a real-world cohort of patients with ICDs.Baseline characteristicsMultivariable analysis