bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
“It's about how you use your privilege”: Privilege, Power, and Social (In)justice in Berlin's Community Food Spaces
Authors: Véron Ophélie 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis paper explores the role of community food spaces in processes of social change and reproduction. I investigate the mechanisms by which these groups reproduce, exacerbate, or dismantle power relations and socio‐environmental injustices. I systematically examine exclusion and inclusion dynamics and assess what shapes diversity of participation and representation. Contending that diversity is not a sufficient indicator of social equity and may overshadow forms of injustice, I unpack the interlocking workings of privilege and power in place and examine innovative ways of developing emancipatory food politics. Drawing upon activist ethnography among community gardens, people's kitchens, and co‐operative projects in Berlin, I expose the complex, dual nature of its food activist landscape, characterised by the coexistence of experienced, locally rooted, and openly political projects, and more recent, outsider‐led sustainability‐ and consumption‐orientated projects—together embodying the variegated and shifting politics of socio‐environmental change in the city and beyond.
Foveal thickness and vascular variables in adolescents born moderate‐to‐late preterm
Authors: Ovik Titus , Lind Alexandra , Popovic Zoran , Dahlgren Jovanna , Aring Eva , Andersson Grönlund Marita 
Published: April 2024

AbstractPurposeIt is well established that children born very preterm are at increased risk for ocular abnormalities including altered foveal morphology. However, little is known about how children born moderate‐to‐late preterm (MLP), gestational age 32 + 0–36 + 6 weeks, are affected later in life. This study investigates foveal avascular zone (FAZ) area, vascular density (VD), central foveal thickness (CFT) and ganglion cell layer thickness (GCL++) of adolescents born MLP without history of retinopathy of prematurity and compare the results with full‐term controls.MethodsIn a prospective population‐based cohort study, 50 adolescents (26 girls; mean age 16.5 years) born MLP were examined with optical coherence tomography (OCT) and OCT angiography (OCT‐A). FAZ and VD were obtained from OCT‐A scans and adjusted for ocular magnification. CFT and GCL++ were obtained from the OCT scans. The results from the MLP individuals were compared with the results from 49 healthy full‐term controls (29 girls; mean age 16.7 years).ResultsThe results showed statistically significant differences in FAZ area (0.22 vs 0.28 mm2; p = 0.0032) and CFT (198.1 vs 187.1 μm; p = 0.0010) between the MLP group and controls. Strong correlations between FAZ area and CFT (r = −0.773, p < 0.0001) and GCL++ (r = −0.924, p < 0.0001) were found in the MLP group. There were no differences in VD.ConclusionsOur results show that adolescents born MLP have a smaller FAZ area and an increased CFT compared with full‐term controls. These results indicate that adolescents born MLP have similar parafoveal changes as children born extreme or very preterm.
Effects of quercetin in preclinical models of Parkinson's disease: A systematic review
Authors: de Oliveira Vian Camila , Marinho Marcelo Augusto Germani , da Silva Marques Magno , Hort Mariana Appel , Cordeiro Marcos Freitas , Horn Ana Paula 
Published: April 2024

AbstractParkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disease that affects dopaminergic neurons, thus impairing dopaminergic signalling. Quercetin (QUE) has antioxidant and neuroprotective properties that are promising for the treatment of PD. This systematic review aimed to investigate the therapeutic effects of QUE against PD in preclinical models. The systematic search was performed in PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science. At the final screening stage, 26 articles were selected according to pre‐established criteria. Selected studies used different methods for PD induction, as well as animal models. Most studies used rats (73.08%) and mice (23.08%), with 6‐OHDA as the main strategy for PD induction (38.6%), followed by rotenone (30.8%). QUE was tested immersed in oil, nanosystems or in free formulations, in varied routes of administration and doses, ranging from 10 to 400 mg/kg and from 5 to 200 mg/kg in oral and intraperitoneal administrations, respectively. Overall, evidence from published data suggests a potential use of QUE as a treatment for PD, mainly through the inhibition of oxidative stress, neuroinflammatory response and apoptotic pathways.
Persistence to statin treatment: A cohort study in Lithuania
Authors: Kirilova Karina , Trečiokienė Indrė , Bratčikovienė Nomeda , Qvarnström Miriam , Wettermark Björn 
Published: April 2024

AbstractCardiovascular diseases are the main causes of death, and statins can reduce the risk of major vascular events. Lithuania is among the European countries with the highest cardiovascular mortality despite a rapidly increasing use of statins. Previous reviews have shown the problem of poor patient adherence, but there are limited studies from Eastern European countries. The aim of this study was to evaluate treatment persistence in new users of statins in Lithuania and to investigate factors associated with persistence. Dispensed prescriptions from patients aged >18 years old initiated on statins in 2018–2019 were included, and data were obtained from a national health insurance fund. Persistence was assessed by the proportion of patients who still had statins dispensed 1 year after the first dispensing. Factors associated with persistence were assessed using logistic regression. A total of 104 726 patients (41.3% men) were initiated on statin treatment. Only 41% of them continued statin use 1 year after initiation. Factors associated with higher persistence rate were older age, higher dose of statin, use of other medicines and use of statins as secondary prevention. Low persistence to statin therapy needs to be recognized by healthcare workers, pharmacists and policy makers to address this problem.
Implications and hidden toxicity of cardiometabolic syndrome and early‐stage heart failure in carfilzomib‐induced cardiotoxicity
Authors: Efentakis Panagiotis , Varela Aimilia , Lamprou Sofia , Papanagnou Eleni‐Dimitra , Chatzistefanou Michail , Christodoulou Andriana , Davos Constantinos H. , Gavriatopoulou Maria , Trougakos Ioannis , Dimopoulos Meletios Athanasios , Terpos Evangelos , Andreadou Ioanna 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackground and PurposeCancer therapy‐related cardiovascular adverse events (CAEs) in presence of comorbidities, are in the spotlight of the cardio‐oncology guidelines. Carfilzomib (Cfz), indicated for relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma (MM), presents with serious CAEs. MM is often accompanied with co‐existing comorbidities. However, Cfz use in MM patients with cardiometabolic syndrome (CMS) or in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF), is questionable.Experimental ApproachApoE−/− and C57BL6/J male mice received 14 weeks Western Diet (WD) (CMS models). C57BL6/J male mice underwent permanent LAD ligation for 14 days (early‐stage HFrEF model). CMS‐ and HFrEF‐burdened mice received Cfz for two consecutive or six alternate days. Daily metformin and atorvastatin administrations were performed additionally to Cfz, as prophylactic interventions. Mice underwent echocardiography, while proteasome activity, biochemical and molecular analyses were conducted.Key ResultsCMS did not exacerbate Cfz left ventricular (LV) dysfunction, whereas Cfz led to metabolic complications in both CMS models. Cfz induced autophagy and Ca2+ homeostasis dysregulation, whereas metformin and atorvastatin prevented Cfz‐mediated LV dysfunction and molecular deficits in the CMS‐burdened myocardium. Early‐stage HFrEF led to depressed LV function and increased protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) activity. Cfz further increased myocardial PP2A activity, inflammation and Ca2+‐cycling dysregulation. Metformin co‐administration exerted an anti‐inflammatory potential on the myocardium without improving LV function.Conclusion and ImplicationsCMS and HFrEF seem to exacerbate Cfz‐induced CAEs, by presenting metabolism‐related hidden toxicity and PP2A‐related cardiac inflammation, respectively. Metformin retains its prophylactic potential in the presence of CMS, while mitigating inflammation and Ca2+ signalling dysregulation in the HFrEF myocardium.
Dental caries and school readiness in 5‐year‐olds: A birth cohort data linkage study
Authors: Giles Erin , Relins Samuel , Gray‐Burrows Kara , Baker Sarah R , Day Peter F. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo describe the association between dental caries and school readiness in 5‐year‐old children taking part in the Born in Bradford (BiB) birth cohort, UK.MethodsThe Early Years Foundation Stage Profile (EYFSP) assesses the school readiness of young children and is strongly predictive of future academic attainment. Children are recorded as ‘emerging’ (below expected), ‘expected’, or ‘exceeding’ in five key learning areas. The Oral Health Survey of 5‐year‐olds (OHS5) is undertaken biennially in England, assessing caries experience at a dentine threshold (d3mft). EYFSP and OHS5 were available for a proportion of children participating in BiB. Odds ratios and confidence intervals for caries experience were established, and odds ratios adjusted for significant sociodemographic variables.ResultsEYFSP and OHS5 data were available for 2.5% (n = 346) BiB participants. Nearly half (45.2%) had caries. A measure of socio‐economic status, receiving free school meals, was the only demographic variable strongly related to caries experience (OR: 2.8, 95% CI: 1.6–4.9). After adjustment, children ‘emerging’ in EYFSP learning areas had 1.6‐ to 2.2‐fold (95% CI: 1.0–3.8) higher odds of experiencing caries. Children ‘exceeding’ EYFSP learning areas had 2.3‐ to 4‐fold (95% CI: 0.1–0.9) lower odds of caries experience.ConclusionThis is the first study to explore the association between caries experience and school readiness using a holistic assessment tool. The association was found across different learning areas and was comparable to and independent of socio‐economic status. The findings indicate oral health‐related absenteeism is not a causative factor. EYFSP shows potential to enhance the targeting of preventive interventions at a child, class or school level.
Experiences of dental behaviour support techniques: A qualitative systematic review
Authors: Geddis‐Regan Andrew , Fisal Aisyah Binti Ahmad , Bird James , Fleischmann Isabel , Mac Giolla Phadraig Caoimhin 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundLittle is known about patients' or carers' reported experiences of dental care provided using dental behaviour support (DBS) techniques. Qualitative literature can provide unique insight into these experiences.AimTo explore and synthesize qualitative literature related to patient experience of dental behaviour support.MethodsA PROSPERO‐registered systematic review of qualitative articles was undertaken. Studies were identified through MEDLINE, Embase and PsycINFO. Abstracts were screened by two reviewers and data were extracted to summarize the qualitative findings included within them. A thematic summary approach was used to synthesize the qualitative data identified.ResultsTwenty‐three studies were included. Studies primarily explored experiences of dental care of children by speaking to their parents (n = 16), particularly regarding paediatric dental general anaesthesia (DGA) (n = 8). Studies of adults' experiences of DBS (n = 7) covered a range of techniques. Nine studies explored broader dental care experiences and did not study specific DBS approaches. A thematic synthesis identified five themes applicable across the studies identified: Trust and the therapeutic alliance supporting effective care delivery; considered information sharing often alleviated anticipatory anxiety; control and autonomy‐reduced anxieties; variations in the perceived treatment successes and failures of DBS techniques; and DBS techniques produced longer positive and negative impacts on patients beyond direct care provision.ConclusionQualitative research has been under‐utilized in research on DBS techniques. Care experiences of most DBS techniques outside of paediatric DGA are poorly understood. Building trust with patients and enabling autonomy appear to support positive patient‐reported experiences of care.
Effects of sterilization, conditioning, and thermal aging on the retention of zirconia hybrid abutments: A laboratory study
Authors: Alghanaim Nalah , Kern Matthias , Yazigi Christine , Chaar M. Sad 
Published: April 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the effects of sterilization, conditioning method, and thermal aging on the retentive strength of two‐piece zirconia abutments.Materials and MethodsIn total, 128 stock zirconia abutments were divided into four groups (n = 32) according to the conditioning parameters: (A) air‐abrasion using 50 μm alumina particles/1.0 bar, (B) 50 μm/2.0 bar, (C) 100 μm/1.0 bar, and (D) 100 μm/2.0 bar. All abutments were bonded onto titanium bases using DTK adhesive resin and stored in water bath (37°C) for 72 h. Each group was subdivided into two subgroups (n = 16), group 1 was disinfected, whereas group 2 followed disinfection and autoclave sterilization. Half of the specimens of each subgroup (n&amp;#x02009;=&amp;#x02009;8) was directly subjected to the axial retention test (groups N), while the other half was first subjected to 150&amp;#x02009;days of thermocycling followed by retention test (groups T). Statistical analysis was performed with three‐way ANOVA, additional statistical analysis was performed by using separate one‐way ANOVAs followed by the Tukey's post‐hoc test for post hoc pairwise comparisons among groups.ResultsThe highest median retention strength was recorded for group B2N (1390 N), whereas the lowest strength was recorded for group C1T (688 N). No significant interaction (p ≥ 0.05) was detected between the different variables; conditioning method, sterilization, and the thermal cycling regarding the effect on the resulting retention. However, the sterilization always showed a positive effect. Thermocycling presented an adversely significant effect only in the absence of sterilization (p < 0.05), with the exception of subgroups A. For the sterilized groups, thermocycling had no statistically significant effect on the retention.ConclusionSteam autoclaving increased the retention of hybrid zirconia abutments. DTK adhesive resin for two‐piece zirconia abutments performed well after sterilization and thermocycling.
Audience segmentation approach to conservation messaging for transforming the exotic pet trade
Authors: Naito Rumi , Chan Kai M. A. , López de la Lama Rocío , Zhao Jiaying 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAdvancing transformative change for sustainability requires population‐wide behavior change. Yet, many behavioral interventions tackling environmental problems only examine average effects on the aggregate, overlooking the heterogeneous effects in a population. We developed and preregistered a novel audience segmentation approach to test the diverse impact of conservation messaging on reducing demand for exotic pets (private action ‐ i.e., desire to own exotic pets or visit wildlife entertainment places) and fostering citizen engagement for system‐wide change (civic action ‐ e.g., signing a petition or participating in a protest against the exotic pet trade). Through an online survey with US participants (n = 2953), we identified 4 population segments (early adopters, early majority, late majority, and laggards), representing varying levels of commitment to wildlife conservation and then randomly assigned each segment to one of 3 messaging conditions. Messages highlighting negative consequences of the exotic pet trade and the power of collective action for system change effectively promoted private action among all segments except early adopters (ηp2 = 0.005). Among civic actions, only the collective action message motivated early adopters and the early majority to sign petitions (φC = 0.193 andφC = 0.097, respectively). Furthermore, the 4 segments showed distinct reasoning for action and inaction on wildlife conservation, with certain relational values, such as care, serving as both motivations and barriers to action. These findings highlight the need for targeted behavioral interventions across diverse populations.
Global patterns of human–wildlife spatial associations and implications for differentiating conservation strategies
Authors: Zhang Chengcheng , Wang Yihong , Chang Jiang , Li Junsheng , Pan Shengkai , Yang Biao , Zhan Xiangjiang , Dai Qiang 
Published: April 2024

AbstractUnderstanding the global patterns of human and wildlife spatial associations is essential for pragmatic conservation implementation, yet analytical foundations and indicator‐based assessments that would further this understanding are lacking. We integrated the global distributions of 30,664 terrestrial vertebrates and human pressures to map human–nature index (HNI) categories that indicate the extent and intensity of human–wildlife interactions. Along the 2 dimensions of biodiversity and human activity, the HNI allowed placement of terrestrial areas worldwide in one of 4 HNI categories: anthropic (human‐dominated areas), wildlife‐dominated (little human influence and rich in wildlife), co‐occurring (substantial presence of humans and wildlife), and harsh‐environment (limited presence of humans and wildlife) areas. The HNI varied considerably among taxonomic groups, and the leading driver of HNI was global climate patterns. Co‐occurring regions were the most prevalent (35.9%), and wildlife‐dominated and anthropic regions encompassed 26.45% and 6.50% of land area, respectively. Our results highlight the necessity for customizing conservation strategies to regions based on human–wildlife spatial associations and the distribution of existing protected area networks. Human activity and biodiversity should be integrated for complementary strategies to support conservation toward ambitious and pragmatic 30×30 goals.
Impact of delayed listing after initiating kidney transplant evaluation on transplant outcomes
Authors: Ly Lisa , Zhu Danting , Schaubel Douglas E. , Woodside Kenneth J. , Sung Randall S. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractObjectiveLonger end‐stage renal disease time has been associated with inferior kidney transplant outcomes. However, the contribution of transplant evaluation is uncertain. We explored the relationship between time from evaluation to listing (ELT) and transplant outcomes.MethodsThis retrospective study included 2535 adult kidney transplants from 2000 to 2015. Kaplan–Meier survival curves, log‐rank tests, and Cox regression models were used to compare transplant outcomes.ResultsPatient survival for both deceased donor (DD) recipients (p < .001) and living donor (LD) recipients (p < .0001) was significantly higher when ELT was less than 3 months. The risks of ELT appeared to be mediated by other risks in DD recipients, as adjusted models showed no associated risk of graft loss or death in DD recipients. For LD recipients, ELT remained a risk factor for patient death after covariate adjustment. Each month of ELT was associated with an increased risk of death (HR = 1.021, p = .04) but not graft loss in LD recipients in adjusted models.ConclusionsKidney transplant recipients with longer ELT times had higher rates of death after transplant, and ELT was independently associated with an increased risk of death for LD recipients. Investigations on the impact of pretransplant evaluation on post‐transplant outcomes can inform transplant policy and practice.
Frequency of hypoglycaemia with basal insulin treatments in adults with type 1 diabetes treated with basal‐bolus insulin regimens in treat‐to‐target trials: A narrative review
Authors: Russell‐Jones David , Bailey Timothy S. , Lane Wendy , Mathieu Chantal , Pedersen‐Bjergaard Ulrik 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAimTo summarise, in a narrative review, published data on hypoglycaemia occurrence with basal insulin therapy in adults with type 1 diabetes treated with basal‐bolus insulin regimens in treat‐to‐target randomised controlled trials.MethodsData were included from 21 eligible trials, which mainly used self‐measured blood glucose or plasma glucose to detect hypoglycaemia.ResultsAll‐day self‐measured blood glucose or plasma glucose level 2 (glucose threshold of 3.1 or 3.0 mmol/L) and level 3 (severe, requiring assistance) hypoglycaemic events were reported, respectively, by a range of 69.0%–97.5% and 0%–13.4% adults when receiving basal‐bolus insulin therapy, with rates of 10.6–68.1 and 0.0–0.4 events per patient‐year of exposure, respectively. Hypoglycaemia rates measured using continuous glucose monitoring (three studies) were numerically, yet consistently, higher than with either other method, except when limiting to symptomatic events. Nocturnal hypoglycaemia rates were generally less than 30% of the equivalent all‐day rates.ConclusionsDifferences across the studies in design (e.g., titration targets) and participant characteristics hindered comparison of hypoglycaemia rates by insulin formulation. Consequently, few trends were identified by insulin formulation, study methodology or individuals' characteristics, suggesting that further research is required to identify treatment strategies that facilitate development of individualised recommendations to lower hypoglycaemia risk. These findings are useful to understand hypoglycaemia risk with available basal insulin therapies when used in a multiple daily injection regimen, as well as to provide context for the results of ongoing and future clinical trials, including those for two once‐weekly basal insulins, insulin icodec and basal insulin Fc.
A trait‐based understanding of the vulnerability of a Paleotropical moth community to predation by a sympatric bat with flexible foraging strategies
Authors: Dey Pritha , Balakrishnan Rohini 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Prey vulnerability across seasons can be predicted by measuring their morphological traits and availability. Although conventional prey–predator dynamics focus on pairs of prey and predator species, the trait‐based approach allows us to draw inferences at the scale of the entire assemblage.
Here, we coupled measurable prey traits with their availability in the study area, to identify the vulnerability of a diverse moth assemblage to predation by the lesser false vampire bat (Megaderma spasma) Chiroptera: Megadermatidae, Linneaus 1758, a bat with flexible foraging strategies, in the Western Ghats biodiversity hotspot of India.
We analysed the discarded prey remains from several roosts, collected over 3 years, for seasonal patterns in the diet and selective hunting. Through light‐trapping, we collected moth specimens in different seasons and measured the morphological traits likely to affect their vulnerability to predation, such as body size and evasive flight capability.
Our results showed that consumed moth prey diversity varies seasonally, with moths belonging to the Hepialidae family being preferred in the wet season. We found that the larger moth species with lower evasive capabilities are more vulnerable to predation. Sphingid and Hepialid moths, among the most abundant in the diet, have the lowest manoeuvrability and the maximum body size, respectively. By assessing vulnerability at the prey assemblage level, our study sets the stage for future research on moth–bat interactions from the diverse and less‐explored Paleotropical communities. In addition, the study reiterates the usefulness of trait‐based approaches to understanding prey–predator dynamics.