bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stress Fractures of the Lateral Rays in the Cavovarus Foot: Indication for Surgical Intervention
Authors: Bluth Benjamin , Eagan Michael , Otsuka Norman Y. 
Published: September 2011

Lateral ray stress fractures are a known complication of the cavovarus foot deformity. Malpositioning of the forefoot and hindfoot leads to increased pressure on the heel and lateral rays, resulting in significant morbidity. Patients with nonprogressive deformities can be managed surgically or nonsurgically in an attempt to decrease adverse events. It is often difficult to predict which patients will benefit most from a surgical intervention. This article describes 2 model cases of stress fractures in patients with nonprogressive cavovarus foot deformities. Patient 1 was an active patient with a minor, flexible cavovarus deformity, and patient 2 was a relatively inactive patient with a severe, fixed deformity.
These cases serve to illustrate a spectrum of the 2 major risk factors for the development of a stress fracture of the lateral rays: severity of deformity and activity level of the patient. We believe the relationship between these 2 risk factors constitutes a threshold that allows the development of a stress fracture to serve as an adequate marker for surgical intervention. Within this patient population, a stress fracture indicates that given a patient’s lifestyle, his or her deformity is sufficient enough to cause significant and repeated morbidity. Surgical restoration of the foot to plantigrade will eliminate the increased forces to the lateral metatarsals and decrease the incidence of further injury. Thus, stress fractures of the lateral rays in patients with nonprogressive cavovarus deformities should be considered an indication for surgical intervention.
Contralateral Deep Venous Thrombosis After Hip Arthroscopy
Authors: Alaia Michael J. , Zuskov Andrey , Davidovitch Roy I. 
Published: September 2011

Since the 1980s, hip arthroscopy has become an accepted treatment modality for a variety of hip conditions. It is generally considered a low-risk procedure with a low rate of complications. The risk of developing a deep venous thrombosis (DVT) or venous thromboembolism following these procedures is also thought to be low, and most patients undergoing these procedures receive no pharmacologic prophylaxis postoperatively.
This article presents a case of a 33-year-old woman with a history of oral contraceptive use who presented 13 days after a routine hip arthroscopy with pain and swelling in the contralateral thigh. Ultrasonography revealed acute DVTs in the left common femoral, superficial femoral, and popliteal veins. She was admitted to the hospital and treated accordingly. A workup for thrombophilic disorders was negative. We believe that her history of oral contraceptive use, the use of axial traction, and asymmetric forces about the pelvis during the procedure contributed to this postoperative complication.
Although this complication is rare and the use of pharmacologic prophylaxis is not common, physicians must be aware of this potential complication following hip arthroscopy.
Fracture of a Titanium Sleeve-encased Third-generation Ceramic Liner in a Modern THA
Authors: Chotai Pranit N. , Su Edwin P. 
Published: September 2011

Due to their excellent tribology, ceramics are increasingly used for total hip arthroplasty (THA) in young patients. Fracture rates for contemporary ceramics range from 0% to 0.004%. Recently, ceramic liners are encased in a titanium sleeve to further decrease the chances of fracture. We encountered 1 case of a metal-encased acetabular liner fracture in a ceramic-on-ceramic articulation in a series of 764 hips. Our literature review revealed no reports of metal-encased ceramic liner fracture.
A 60-year-old woman presented 27 months after a bilateral ceramic-on-ceramic THA. She reported mechanical grinding and clicking from the left hip on extension. There was no history of trauma or fall. Examination revealed a nonantalgic gait and audible–palpable crepitations on the left hip. Range of motion of the left hip was intact with no subluxation. Radiographs revealed fractured ceramic insert and an excessively anteverted socket on the left side. Intraoperative findings revealed gross impingement in the form of indentation of the metal femoral neck against the elevated metal rim encasing the liner. Revision THA was performed using an uncemented polyethylene liner while retaining the well-fixed cup and stem. The Harris Hip Score at 4.5-year follow-up was 100, with no evidence of osteolysis or polyethylene wear.
Clavicle Fracture With Thoracic Penetration and Hemopneumothorax but Without Neurovascular Compromise
Authors: Tjoumakaris Fotios P. , Matzon Jonas L. , Williams Gerald R. 
Published: September 2011

Clavicle fractures are rarely associated with more severe neurologic or vascular injuries. When these associated injuries are encountered, prompt recognition and treatment are paramount to optimize outcome. The majority of fractures that result in neurovascular compromise are from high-energy trauma; however, a high index of suspicion should be present in all cases as low-energy trauma can also result in more catastrophic injury.
This article describes a case of a low-energy clavicle fracture in a 28-year-old woman that resulted in intrathoracic penetration of the fracture fragment with hemopneumothorax. The patient underwent successful chest tube placement and open reduction and internal fixation of the fracture. A multidisciplinary team was used during surgery, including cardiothoracic, trauma, and orthopedic surgery. Two years postoperatively, the patient was back to normal activities with no neurologic, pulmonary, or vascular sequelae. This case highlights the importance of a comprehensive physical examination and inspection of all radiographs so that associated injuries are not missed.
Fiscal Policy in Latin America: Countercyclical and Sustainable?
Authors: Daude Christian , Melguizo Ángel , Neut Alejandro 
Published: September 2011

Abstract
This paper analyses fiscal policy for several economies in Latin America, from the early nineties to the 2009 crisis. We present original estimates of cyclically-adjusted public revenues for Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Mexico, Peru and Uruguay implementing the standardised OECD methodology and extending it to include commodity cycles, which have a direct and significant effect on the fiscal balance of several Latin American countries. Based on these estimates, we evaluate the size of automatic tax stabilisers and the cyclicality of discretionary fiscal policy. Additionally, we highlight the uncertainty stemming from the estimation of the output gap, due to large and simultaneous cyclical, temporary and permanent shocks in several Latin American economies.
Is God Obliged to Answer Prayers of Petition (Du'a)? The Response of Classical Sufis and Qur'anic Exegetes
Authors: Khalil Atif 
Published: September 2011

ABSTRACT
The following article sets out to explore classical responses within the tradition of Qur’anic exegesis and Sufism to the theological problem of how it is that God responds to all prayers of petition. The basis of this problem rests on two Qur’anic verses in which such a guarantee is explicitly made. In Q 2:186, the Qur’an has God declare, “I answer the call [da‘wa] of the suppliant [da‘i] when he calls upon Me [da‘ani].” And in Q 40:60, the Qur’an has God state, “Call upon Me [ud‘uni], and I will answer.” The article presents an overview of the various strategies through which Muslim thinkers sought to resolve the underlying problem. In the process of exploring this question the article also demonstrates, by drawing on a wide range of classical texts, the interdependence of the Islamic subtraditions of Qur’anic commentary and Sufi thought, particularly in the latter’s more “practical” dimensions.
How Do Body Diagrams Affect the Accuracy and Consistency of Children's Reports of Bodily Touch Across Repeated Interviews?
Authors: Brown Deirdre , Pipe Margaret‐Ellen , Lewis Charlie , Lamb Michael E. , Orbach Yael 
Published: September 2011

SummaryWe examined the amount, accuracy, and consistency of information reported by 58 5‐ to 7‐year‐old children about a staged event that included physical contact/touching. Both 1 and 7 months following the event, children were asked both open and yes/no questions about touch [i] when provided with human body diagrams (HBDs), [ii] following instruction and practice using the HBDs, or [iii] without HBDs. Children interviewed with HBDs reported more information at 7 months, but a high proportion of inaccurate touches. Children seldom repeated touch‐related information across the two interviews and did not incorporate errors made in the 1‐month interview into their open‐ended accounts 6 months later. Asking children to talk about innocuous touch may lead them to report unreliable information, especially when HBDs are used as aids and repeated interviews are conducted across delays that resemble those typical of forensic contexts. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Atlantoepistrophic magnetic resonance imaging involvement in early rheumatoid arthritis: An aggressive tight control therapy not fully arresting the disease
Authors: Zoli Angelo , Bosello Silvia , Magarelli Nicola , D'Antona Graziella , Amelia Rosanna , Fedele Annalaura , Peluso Giusy , Bonomo Lorenzo , Ferraccioli Gianfranco 
Published: September 2011

AbstractObjectiveRheumatoid arthritis (RA) is the most common inflammatory disorder affecting the cervical spine. The purpose of this study was to characterize the atloaxial involvement with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in patients with early RA at the moment of diagnosis and after 18 months of a tight control therapy.MethodsTwenty consecutive patients with early RA without cervical symptoms and 20 healthy controls were enrolled. The patients underwent unenhanced and enhanced gadolinium MRI study of the upper cervical spine at diagnosis and after 18 months of therapy. The presence of pannus tissue at MRI was considered active synovitis.ResultsFive (25%) of the 20 patients presented craniocervical involvement with active synovitis at MRI. At onset, patients with cervical involvement presented higher levels of erythrocyte sedimentation rate, a higher swollen joint count, and a higher Disease Activity Score in 44 joints level. All 5 patients (100%) with cervical involvement presented already peripheral erosions. After 18 months, 1 of 5 patients with atloepistrophic synovial involvement at baseline presented complete regression of the enhancement of synovial periodontoid process, and 1 presented a decrease of this enhancement. None of the patients developed erosive process at the odontoid. The only patient with complete regression of the enhancement presented a very early disease (<3 months).ConclusionOur study demonstrates involvement of the atloaxial junction in 25% of early RA patients, in particular in patients with active and erosive arthritis. An early diagnosis and aggressive treatment with a combination therapy, aiming for remission, does not always reduce atlantoaxial synovitis.
Thresholds in disease activity for switching biologics in rheumatoid arthritis patients: Experience from a large US cohort
Authors: Zhang Jie , Shan Ying , Reed George , Kremer Joel , Greenberg Jeffrey D. , Baumgartner Scott , Curtis Jeffrey R. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractObjectiveTo examine the threshold in disease activity associated with switching biologic treatment regimens in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients in real‐world clinical practice.MethodsUsing data from a prospective observational North American cohort of RA patients through December 30, 2009, patients who initiated a new anti–tumor necrosis factor α (anti‐TNFα) agent with ≥6 months of followup were identified. Patients were classified as switchers or maintainers depending on whether they continued their anti‐TNF treatment or switched (including discontinuation) within 12 months. Level of disease activity measured by the Clinical Disease Activity Index (CDAI) and Disease Activity Score in 28 joints (DAS28) at the time of the switch (corresponding followup visit for maintainers) was examined and random‐effect multivariable logistic regression was used to adjust for covariates.ResultsMean age and RA duration among 1,549 eligible patients were 56.1 and 9.6 years, respectively, 80% were women, 62% were initiating their first biologic, and 30% were initiating their second biologic. At the time of the switch, the median DAS28 and CDAI score were 3.1 and 8.4 among maintainers and 4.0 and 15.2 among switchers, respectively. Maintainers also experienced a greater amount of reduction in disease activity compared with switchers (CDAI: −7.7 versus −2.3, DAS28: −1.1 versus −0.3). The threshold to switch decreased over calendar time, with the greatest amount of reduction observed among patients with moderate disease activity.ConclusionOn average, physicians and patients were willing to continue biologic treatment for patients who were at or near low disease activity. The threshold to switch decreased over time, especially among partial responders.
Diagnostic accuracy of range of motion measurements in early symptomatic hip and/or knee osteoarthritis
Authors: Holla Jasmijn F. M. , van der Leeden Marike , Roorda Leo D. , Bierma‐Zeinstra Sita M. A. , Damen Jurgen , Dekker Joost , Steultjens Martijn P. M. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractObjectiveTo examine the diagnostic accuracy of hip internal rotation, hip flexion, and knee flexion measurements for the presence of osteophytosis and joint space narrowing (JSN) in early symptomatic osteoarthritis (OA).MethodsThe baseline data for 598 participants of the Cohort Hip & Cohort Knee study were used. Participants underwent a standardized physical and radiographic examination. The active range of motion (ROM) was assessed using a goniometer. The ROM cutoff with the highest discriminative ability for radiographic features of OA was defined by maximizing the sum of the sensitivity and specificity. Several diagnostic measures were calculated to establish the diagnostic accuracy of ROM measurements for the presence of radiographic features.ResultsIn patients with hip symptoms, hip internal rotation <24° and flexion <114° were found to be the cutoffs with the highest discriminative ability to distinguish between patients with and without radiographic features. In patients with knee symptoms, knee flexion <132° was the cutoff with the highest discriminative ability. The American College of Rheumatology (ACR) criterion of hip internal rotation <15° increased the probability of the presence of osteophytosis or JSN from 25% to 58%. The diagnostic accuracy of hip and knee flexion measurements was low.ConclusionTo reduce the number of patients that are not identified by the ACR criterion of hip internal rotation <15°, it is recommended to change the cutoff to internal rotation <24° in patients with early symptomatic OA. Individual hip and knee flexion measurements seem to be of little diagnostic value in early symptomatic OA.
Mechanical Control of Nanomaterials and Nanosystems
Authors: Ariga Katsuhiko , Mori Taizo , Hill Jonathan P. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractIn situations of power outage or shortage, such as periods just following a seismic disaster, the only reliable power source available is the most fundamental of forces i.e., manual mechanical stimuli. Although there are many macroscopic mechanical tools, mechanical control of nanomaterials and nanosystems has not been an easy subject to develop even by using advanced nanotechnological concepts. However, this challenge has now become a hot topic and many new ideas and strategies have been proposed recently. This report summarizes recent research examples of mechanical control of nanomaterials and nanosystems. Creation of macroscopic mechanical outputs by efficient accumulation of molecular‐level phenomena is first briefly introduced. We will then introduce the main subject: control of molecular systems by macroscopic mechanical stimuli. The research described is categorized according to the respective areas of mechanical control of molecular structure, molecular orientation, molecular interaction including cleavage and healing, and biological and micron‐level phenomena. Finally, we will introduce two more advanced approaches, namely, mechanical strategies for microdevice fabrication and mechanical control of molecular machines. As mechanical forces are much more reliable and widely applicable than other stimuli, we believe that development of mechanically responsive nanomaterials and nanosystems will make a significant contribution to fundamental improvements in our lifestyles and help to maintain and stabilize our society.
Covariance‐based hardware selection‐part III: Distributed parameter systems
Authors: Ahmed Syed K. , Peng Jui‐Kun , Chmielewski Donald J. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractIn this article, we propose a new method for the selection of control system hardware (sensors and actuators) for distributed parameter systems. The proposed design scheme seeks to minimize the capital cost of hardware while satisfying predefined performance constraints. Within this minimum capital cost framework, three design scenarios will be discussed; the closed‐loop full state information actuator selection problem, the open‐loop partial state information sensor selection problem, and the closed‐loop partial state information simultaneous sensor and actuator selection problem. The proposed method will be illustrated through application to a nonisothermal tubular reactor example. © 2011 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2012
Fractionated doses of gemtuzumab ozogamicin with escalated doses of daunorubicin and cytarabine as first acute myeloid leukemia salvage in patients aged 50–70‐year old: A phase 1/2 study of the acute leukemia French association
Authors: Farhat Hassan , Reman Oumedaly , Raffoux Emmanuel , Berthon Celine , Pautas Cécile , Kammoun Leila , Chantepie Sylvain , Gardin Claude , Rousselot Philippe , Chevret Sylvie , Dombret Hervé , Castaigne Sylvie 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThis Phase 1/2 study aimed to determine optimal doses of daunorubicin (DNR; mg/m2) and cytarabine (mg/m2) to be combined with fractionated doses of gemtuzumab ozogamicin (GO, Mylotarg®; 3 mg/m2 on day 1, 4, and 7) satisfying safety requirements. Three dose levels of DNR/AraC were investigated namely (45, 100), (60, 100), and (60, 200). Patients included were acute myeloid leukemia in first relapse, aged 50–70 years. Hematological recovery was 31 days for neutrophil and 32 days for platelet counts. A documented infectious episode > Grade 2 occurred in 11/20 patients (55%). None of the 20 patients had signs of veno‐occlusive disease. Overall, eleven patients reached complete remission (CR), two CR with incomplete platelets recovery. The results showed that combination of fractionated GO doses with DNR at 60 mg/m2/d for 3 days and cytarabine at 200 mg/m2/d for 7 days is tolerable and could be further investigated in the front‐line therapy. Am. J. Hematol., 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Acute kidney injury during leukocyte engraftment after autologous stem cell transplantation in patients with light‐chain amyloidosis
Authors: Irazabal Maria V. , Eirin Alfonso , Gertz Morie A. , Dispenzieri Angela , Kumar Shaji , Buadi Francis K. , Lacy Martha Q. , Hayman Suzanne R. , Dingli David , Hogan William J. , Gastineau Dennis A. , Glavey Siobhan V. , Amer Hatem , Leung Nelson 
Published: September 2011

AbstractEngraftment syndrome (ES) is a complication of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation characterized by fever, rash, and non‐cardiogenic pulmonary edema. Acute kidney injury (AKI) has been recognized but is considered a minor criterion in one and excluded another definition of ES. We have noted a high incidence of AKI in patients with immunoglobulin light‐chain amyloidosis (AL) undergoing autologous stem cell transplant (ASCT) around the time of leukocyte engraftment. This study was conducted to further investigate the relationship between AKI and ES. Data were collected from 377 AL patients who underwent ASCT from 7/1997 to 10/2009. Patients who experienced an elevation of serum creatinine >0.5 mg/dL within 4 days of leukocyte engraftment and anyone who presented with signs associated with ES regardless of renal manifestations were included. Forty‐one patients met criteria. Twelve were excluded for positive cultures (10), acute interstitial nephritis (1), and acute cellular rejection (1). In addition to AKI (93.1%), patients also exhibit fever (82.7%), hypotension (51.7%), rash (48.2%), edema (93.1%), diarrhea (69.0%), conjunctival hemorrhage (31.0%), pulmonary edema (31.0%), pulmonary hemorrhage (13.8%), and transient encephalopathy (17.2%). Patient with pulmonary involvement were more likely to require dialysis but was not statistically significant. AKI was very common during leukocyte engraftment in AL patients. While infectious etiology accounted for some of the AKI, most appeared to be associated with ES. After infection is ruled out, ES should be considered in the differential diagnosis when evaluating AKI in this population. Am. J. Hematol., 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Tail growth tracks the ontogeny of prehensile tail use in capuchin monkeys (Cebus albifronsandC. apella)
Authors: Russo Gabrielle A. , Young Jesse W. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractPhysical anthropologists have devoted considerable attention to the structure and function of the primate prehensile tail. Nevertheless, previous morphological studies have concentrated solely on adults, despite behavioral evidence that among many primate taxa, including capuchin monkeys, infants and juveniles use their prehensile tails during a greater number and greater variety of positional behaviors than do adults. In this study, we track caudal vertebral growth in a mixed longitudinal sample of white‐fronted and brown capuchin monkeys (Cebus albifronsandCebus apella). We hypothesized that young capuchins would have relatively robust caudal vertebrae, affording them greater tail strength for more frequent tail‐suspension behaviors. Our results supported this hypothesis. Caudal vertebral bending strength (measured as polar section modulus at midshaft) scaled to body mass with negative allometry, while craniocaudal length scaled to body mass with positive allometry, indicating that infant and juvenile capuchin monkeys are characterized by particularly strong caudal vertebrae for their body size. These findings complement previous results showing that long bone strength similarly scales with negative ontogenetic allometry in capuchin monkeys and add to a growing body of literature documenting the synergy between postcranial growth and the changing locomotor demands of maturing animals. Although expanded morphometric data on tail growth and behavioral data on locomotor development are required, the results of this study suggest that the adult capuchin prehensile‐tail phenotype may be attributable, at least in part, to selection on juvenile performance, a possibility that deserves further attention. Am J Phys Anthropol, 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.