bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
CAZIP, a novel protein expressed in the developing heart and nervous system
Authors: Du Puy Leonie , Beqqali Abdelaziz , Monshouwer‐Kloots Jantine , Haagsman Henk P. , Roelen Bernard A.J. , Passier Robert 
Published: October 2009

AbstractRecently, we have performed a whole genome micro‐array analysis on human embryonic stem cells differentiating toward cardiomyocytes, which resulted in the identification of novel genes that were highly up‐regulated during differentiation. Here, we describe one of these novel genes annotated as KIAA0774. The predicted protein contains a leucine‐zipper domain at the C‐terminus and has at least two isoforms (358 and 1354 amino acids). Whole‐mount in situ hybridization confirmed that the mRNA of both the mouse and chicken orthologs of KIAA0774 is expressed during early cardiac development. Hence, we named this protein CAZIP (cardiac zipper protein). Later during embryonic development, Cazip was also expressed in parts of the nervous system. Northern blot and real‐time polymerase chain reaction analysis showed that Cazip is expressed in heart and brain in adult mice. These results suggest a role for CAZIP in development and function of the heart and nervous system in vertebrates. Developmental Dynamics 238:2903–2911, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Different timings of dicer deletion affect neurogenesis and gliogenesis in the developing mouse central nervous system
Authors: Kawase‐Koga Yoko , Otaegi Gaizka , Sun Tao 
Published: October 2009

AbstractMicroRNAs, processed by the RNAase III enzyme Dicer, are ∼22 nucleotide endogenous noncoding small RNAs. The function of Dicer in the mouse central nervous system (CNS) development is not well understood. Here, we show that specifically deleting Dicer expression in the CNS and in the cerebral cortex using two Cre lines results in reduced progenitor numbers, abnormal neuronal differentiation, and thinner cortical wall. Incomplete Dicer deletion during early embryonic stages contributes to normal development of early‐born neurons in the cortex and motor neurons in the spinal cord. However, at late embryonic stages when Dicer is completely ablated in the CNS, the migration of late‐born neurons in the cortex and oligodendrocyte precursor expansion and differentiation in the spinal cord are greatly affected. Our studies of different timings of Dicer deletion demonstrate the importance of the Dicer‐mediated microRNA pathway in regulating distinct phases of neurogenesis and gliogenesis during the CNS development. Developmental Dynamics 238:2800–2812, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Expressed emotion in relatives of patients with Eating Disorders following skills training program
Authors: Sepulveda Ana R. , Todd Gill , Whitaker Wendy , Grover Miriam , Stahl Daniel , Treasure Janet 
Published: October 2009

AbstractObjective:The first aim of this work was to examine whether high expressed emotion (EE) would be associated with psychological distress and negative appraisal of caregiving. The second aim was to examine whether could replicate the findings of (Uehara et al., Compr Psychiatr, 42, 132–138, 2001) regarding a reduction in EE in association with a psycho‐educational intervention.Method:A prospective exploratory follow‐up assessment of 47 caregivers in which EE was measured by Five Minutes Speech Sample, Experience of Caregiving Inventory and General Health Questionnaire (GHQ‐12).Results:High EE ratings were found in 26/47 (55%) carers at baseline. The high EE group had a higher negative aspects of caregiving (high EE = 109.8 vs. low EE = 93.7, p = 0.04). The number of carers with high‐EE fell from 55% to 24% after intervention, and remained below at follow‐up. The levels of distress and caregiving burden of the caregivers were also reduced.Discussion:Fifty‐five percent of the caregivers have high EE. High‐EE relatives noted a higher caregiving burden than low‐EE relatives particularly on the ‘dimension of loss’. The level of EE was reduced following a skills training program. © 2009 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (Int J Eat Disord 2010;)
The Borane Complexes Htbo·BH3 and Htbn·BH3 (Htbo = 1,4,6‐Triazabicyclo[3.3.0]oct‐4‐ene, Htbn = 1,5,7‐Triazabicyclo[4.3.0]non‐6‐ene): Synthesis and Dehydrogenation to Dinuclear Boron Hydrides
Authors: Schulenberg Nikola , Jäkel Mascha , Kaifer Elisabeth , Himmel Hans‐Jörg 
Published: October 2009

AbstractHerein we report on the synthesis and characterization of the new borane adducts Htbo·BH3 and Htbn·BH3 (two isomers), where Htbo = 1,4,6‐triazabicyclo[3.3.0]oct‐4‐ene and Htbn = 1,5,7‐triazabicyclo[4.3.0]non‐6‐ene. Thermal treatment of these adducts leads to dihydrogen elimination and the formation of dinuclear boron hydrides with bridging guanidinate ligands, namely [BH2(μ‐tbo)]2 and [BH2(μ‐tbn)]2, which both adopt boat‐type conformations in the solid state. The experimental studies are accompanied by quantum‐chemical calculations, and we also analyse the possibility of further reductive dehydrogenation to give the double base‐stabilized diboranes(4) [BH(μ‐tbo)]2 and [BH(μ‐tbn)]2 or oligomeric H2B(μ‐tbn)2BH{BH(μ‐tbn)2BH}nBH(μ‐tbn)2BH2 (n = 0, 1, 2, ...). Furthermore we synthesized the dinuclear dicationic boron(II) compound [HMe2NB(μ‐tbn)]22+ featuring a long B–B bond length of 180.1(5) pm. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2009)
Ordering Phenomena in Complex Chalcogenides – the Showcase of A2In12Q19 (A = K, Tl, NH4; Q = Se, Te) and Pseudobinary In2Q3
Authors: Kienle Lorenz , Schlosser Marc , Manos Manolis J. , Malliakas Christos D. , Duppel Viola , Reiner Christof , Deiseroth Hans‐Jörg , Kanatzidis Mercouri G. , Kelm Klemens , Simon Arndt 
Published: October 2009

AbstractA group of solids with the general composition A2In12Q19 (A = K, Tl, NH4; Q = Se, Te) is characterized by combined X‐ray single‐crystal and high‐resolution transmission‐electron microscopy (HRTEM). Similar nanosize domains with variable sizes and complex internal structures are common to all three compounds. Although a partial ordering of domains for the bulk of K2In12Se19 is dominating, the observed ordering patterns in microdomains range from total random orientation to a pattern with a ninefold superstucture (rare precursor phase not stable under HRTEM conditions). In spite of testing various synthesis conditions it was not possible to avoid these unusual structural features for K2In12Se19, which are apparently intrinsic. The formation of significantly larger domains is observed for K2In12Se19–xTex and K2–yTlyIn12Se19 and results in a twofold superstructure that can be observed with X‐ray diffraction also on a macroscopic scale. (NH4)2In12Se19 is a special case where an initial weak ordering is observed that is characterized by ring X‐ray reflections forming hexagons around certain reciprocal lattice positions. This pattern has apparent similarities to K2In12Se19 but is not stable in the HRTEM. Instead, it disappears rapidly and is finally replaced by a twofold superstructure similar to K2In12Se19–xTex and K2–yTlyIn12Se19. The reason was identified as a combined process of domain broadening and NH3 evaporation. As observed for K2In12Se19 at T > 473 K, the superstructure reflections disappear. Surprisingly, the pseudobinary phase In2Q3 (Q: chalcogen) shows strong structural similarities to K2In12Se19 with respect to the internal structure of the nanodomains. Their three‐dimensional arrangement, however, and the resulting superstructure are closer related to K2In12Se19–xTex and K2–yTlyIn12Se19.
Novel Antioxidant neo‐Clerodane Diterpenoids from Scutellaria barbata
Authors: Nguyen Van Hung , Pham Van Cuong , Nguyen Thi Thu Ha , Tran Van Hieu , Doan Thi Mai Huong 
Published: October 2009

AbstractFour new neo‐clerodane diterpenoids, barbatines A–D (1–4), have been isolated from the whole plant of Scutellariabarbata (Lamiaceae), along with the known scutebarbatine A (5), and their structures determined by spectral analysis, including mass spectrometry and 2D NMR spectroscopy. The absolute configurations of 2 and 5 were established from their CD spectra by using the exciton chirality rule. A biogenetic pathway for these compounds is proposed based on their structures. Barbatine A (1) and scutebarbatine A (5) showed a significant ability to protect cells against H2O2 with ED50 values of 16.8 and 5.0 μM, respectively.(© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2009)
Solid‐State Chiral Supramolecular Organic Fluorophore Having a π‐Conjugated Phenylene Ethynylene Unit
Authors: Kinuta Takafumi , Kamon Kensaku , Harada Takunori , Nakano Yoko , Tajima Nobuo , Sato Tomohiro , Fujiki Michiya , Kuroda Reiko , Matsubara Yoshio , Imai Yoshitane 
Published: October 2009

AbstractA solid‐state, chiral, helical, columnar, organic fluorophore having a π‐conjugated phenylene ethynylene unit was prepared by using 4‐[2‐(4‐methylphenyl)ethynyl]benzoic acid and 1‐phenylethylamine. Such a chiral π‐conjugated organic fluorophore can be obtained from achiral and racemic component molecules, and it exhibits circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) in the solid state.(© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2009)
Enantioselective Allylic Amination of Morita–Baylis–Hillman Carbonates Catalysed by Modified Cinchona Alkaloids
Authors: Zhang Shan‐Jun , Cui Hai‐Lei , Jiang Kun , Li Rui , Ding Zhen‐Yu , Chen Ying‐Chun 
Published: October 2009

AbstractAn efficient procedure for the asymmetric allylic amination of Morita–Baylis–Hillman carbonates with cyclic imides catalysed by commercially available cinchona alkaloids is reported. It proves to be a facile protocol that affords α‐methylene β‐amino esters with good‐to‐excellent enantioselectivities (up to 94 % ee) and in high yields (up to 97 %). (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2009)
Response of seismically isolated structures to rocking‐type excitations
Authors: Politopoulos Ioannis 
Published: October 2009

AbstractIn this paper, the origin of rocking‐type excitations and their effects on the response of base isolated structures are studied. In particular, the role of kinematic interaction in the determination of the rocking excitation is highlighted. The cases of surface foundations subjected to horizontally propagating waves, as well as of embedded foundations under vertically incident shear waves are examined. The validity of the kinematic interaction based on the rigid base mat assumption is discussed. It is shown that, in the case of classical horizontal isolation, rocking input may amplify significantly the response of the lower non‐isolated modes. The examination of full three‐dimensional isolation and active and semi‐active control methods demonstrates the efficacy of these methods to improve the performance of seismically isolated structures subjected to rocking excitations. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Body dissatisfaction across cultures: Findings and research problems
Authors: Holmqvist Kristina , Frisén Ann 
Published: October 2009

AbstractThis review had two aims. The first aim was to describe the existing literature regarding body dissatisfaction across cultures. Previous studies were organized and presented according to three general patterns found in the existing literature, patterns that were to some extent based on the differing degrees of affluence and type of lifestyles in the cultures examined. The review's second aim was to illuminate some of the specific problems that studies of body dissatisfaction across cultures deal with and to provide suggestions for improvement. The suggestions concern how future research may achieve a more inclusive and detailed picture of body dissatisfaction across cultures, for instance by using diversified measurements, providing detailed information about the cultural groups that are examined, investigating how different risk factors may influence the level of body dissatisfaction in different cultures and widening the research geographically. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and Eating Disorders Association.
Accuracy of high‐resolution photogrammetric measurements of gullies with contrasting morphology
Authors: Giménez R. , Marzolff I. , Campo M. A. , Seeger M. , Ries J. B. , Casalí J. , Álvarez‐Mozos J. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractField techniques allow accurate direct measurements on gully geometry, even in three‐dimensional (3D) coordinates. Accuracy and detail reproduction is limited mainly by experimental setup and density of measurements, and less so by the precision of the measuring equipment. In contrast, remote‐sensing techniques permit the coverage of large study areas with a minimum of time and effort. However, the indirect measurements from imagery are known to depend on factors like image resolution, quality of ground control, vegetation cover and image evaluation technique, which strongly influence the measurement accuracy. The objective of the present study was to investigate to what extent the accuracy of 3D gully measurement using photogrammetric techniques depends on gully morphology. At a study site in the Bardenas Reales (Navarre, Spain), field measurements of cross‐sections were taken for five gullies with contrasting morphology and dimensions and used as reference data for analysing the errors associated with a corresponding dataset obtained using small‐format aerial photogrammetry whose pixel size on the ground is 16 mm.Results show that volumetric gully measurements by means of photogrammetric techniques are strongly affected by the gully morphology; in particular by its width/depth (W/D) ratio, because of the increasing sun‐shadowing and sight‐shadowing effects associated with narrower gullies. Only wide, shallow gullies are little affected by this problem. For gullies of an intermediate typology (W/D between 0·5 and 2·5), the accuracy of photogrammetric measurements will much depend on the time of day and the period of the year when the photographs are taken, and narrow/deep gullies (W/D < 0·5) will be likely to be highly inaccurate at any time. Although this study was conducted with a large measurement scale for small (mostly ephemeral) gullies, the W/D ratios judged challenging for photogrammetric analysis in this study are also common for larger‐sized gullies of the (permanent) bank gully type. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effects of land‐use changes in vegetation cover and sidewall erosion in a gully head of the Penedès region (northeast Spain)
Authors: Martínez‐Casasnovas José A. , Ramos M Concepción , García‐Hernández David 
Published: October 2009

AbstractThe present research addresses the effects of land‐use changes in the evolution of vegetation cover on gully erosion in the Penedès region of northeast Spain. The contribution of vegetation cover to gully wall stabilization is also discussed. The catchment area of the gully is 60·2 ha and is mainly composed of vineyards. In this area, large gullies have developed on Tertiary marls and unconsolidated sandstones. Detailed aerial photographs (1 : 5000 and 1 : 7000 scale) of three dates (1975, 1995 and 2002) were ortho‐rectified to derive land‐use information in the catchment, gully vegetation cover and height information to construct detailed digital elevation models. Land‐use and gully vegetation cover mapping of the most recent period was assisted by means of fieldwork and a photo‐interpretation key constructed to help map the older dates. Soil loss in the catchment was estimated for the 1975 and 2002 scenarios to determine the relations between land‐use changes to vegetation cover changes and gully sidewall erosion. The Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation was applied for that purpose. Sidewall mass movements were determined by subtraction of digital elevation models (1 m resolution) of each period. The results show important land‐use changes in the catchment due to field reorganization for the plantation of mechanized vineyards. It increased soil loss from agricultural fields by 26·5%, which influenced vegetation cover dynamics on gully walls, with an important development of scrubland to forest, and gully erosion, with sidewall retreat at rates of 0·025 to 0·50 ha y−1 and mass movements at rates of 16 to 63·2 Mg ha−1 y−1. These results indicate that vegetation cover on gully walls, although suggesting an improvement with respect to wall protection against splash, sheet and rill erosion, did not affect sidewall retreat and mass movements. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Implementation of physical boundary conditions into computational domain in modelling of oscillatory bottom boundary layers
Authors: Tiğrek Ş. , Yılmaz B. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractThis paper discusses the importance of realistic implementation of the physical boundary conditions into computational domain for the simulation of the oscillatory turbulent boundary layer flow over smooth and rough flat beds. A mathematical model composed of the Reynolds averaged Navier–Stokes equation, turbulent kinetic energy (k) and dissipation rate of the turbulent kinetic energy (ε) has been developed. Control‐volume approach is used to discretize the governing equations to facilitate the numerical solution. Non‐slip condition is imposed on the bottom surface, and irrotational main flow properties are applied to the upper boundary. The turbulent kinetic energy is zero at the bottom, whereas the dissipation rate is approaching to a constant value, which is proportional to the kinematic viscosity times the second derivative of the turbulent kinetic energy. The output of the model is compared with the available experimental studies conducted in oscillatory tunnels and wave flume. It is observed that the irrotational flow assumption at the upper boundary is not realistic in case of water tunnels. Therefore, new upper boundary conditions are proposed for oscillatory tunnels. The data of wave flume show good agreement with the proposed numerical model. Additionally, several factors such as grid aspect ratio, staggered grid arrangement, time‐marching scheme and convergence criteria that are important to obtain a robust, realistic and stable code are discussed. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The effects of structural breaks and long memory on currency hedging
Authors: Lien Donald , Yang Li 
Published: October 2009

AbstractEmpirical evidence suggests that unconditional variance of exchange rate return series is subject to occasional structural breaks that may induce spurious phenomenon of high persistence and long memory of volatility processes. In this study, we investigate the effects of such breaks on estimated risk‐minimizing hedge strategies (ratios) and their performance in currency markets. Using bivariate GARCH (BGARCH) and fractionally integrated GARCH models, we estimate the hedge ratios for six foreign currencies in the full sample with and without controlling for breaks and each subsample of different unconditional variance regimes identified by a modified version of the Inclan C, and Tiao GC (1994) algorithm. Our findings suggest that daily currency risk can be better hedged with currency futures when controlling for unconditional variance breaks in the BGARCH model. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Jrl Fut Mark 30:607–632, 2010
Estimating financial risk measures for futures positions: A nonparametric approach
Authors: Cotter John , Dowd Kevin 
Published: October 2009

AbstractThis study presents nonparametric estimates of spectral risk measures (SRM) applied to long and short positions in five prominent equity futures contracts. It also compares these to estimates of two popular alternative measures, the Value‐at‐Risk and Expected Shortfall. The SRMs are conditioned on the coefficient of absolute risk aversion, and the latter two are conditioned on the confidence level. Our findings indicate that all risk measures increase dramatically and their estimators deteriorate in precision when their respective conditioning parameter increases. Results also suggest that estimates of SRMs and their precision levels are of comparable orders of magnitude as those of more conventional risk measures. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Jrl Fut Mark 30:689–703, 2010
Valuation of housing index derivatives
Authors: Cao Melanie , Wei Jason 
Published: October 2009

AbstractThis study analyzes the valuation of housing index derivatives traded on the Chicago Mercantile Exchange (CME). Specifically, to circumvent the nontradability of housing indices, we propose and implement an equilibrium valuation framework. Assuming a mean‐reverting aggregate dividend process and a utility function characterized by constant relative risk aversion, we show that the value of a housing index derivative depends only on parameters characterizing the underlying housing index, the endogenized interest rate and their correlation. We also analytically and numerically examine risk premiums for the CME futures and options and obtain three important findings. First, risk premiums are significant for all contracts with maturities longer than one year. Second, the expected growth rate of the underlying index is the key determinant for risk premiums. Third, risk premiums can be positive or negative, depending on whether the expected growth rate of the underlying index is higher or lower than the risk‐free yield‐to‐maturity. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Jrl Fut Mark 30:660–688, 2010
A large collection of Presbyornis (Aves, Anseriformes, Presbyornithidae) from the late Paleocene and early Eocene of Mongolia
Authors: Kurochkin Evgeny N. , Dyke Gareth J. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractWe describe a large collection of fossil ‘waterfowl’ bones that are referable to the extinct clade Presbyornithidae (Anseriformes). All of these fossils were collected between 1971 and 1994 from Upper Paleocene and Lower Eocene sediments at the Tsagaan Khushuu site in the Gobi Desert of southern Mongolia. The collection includes specimens referred to a new small species within the genus Presbyornis Wetmore, 1926 as well as large numbers of bones that we place in the genus Presbyornis. On this basis of the Tsagaan Khushuu collection we suggest that several species of Presbyornis likely coexisted in this region; indeed, the presence of large numbers of middle‐sized, morphologically consistent but probably ecologically disparate species at the Tsagaan Khushuu site is consistent with the range of variation seen, for example, in taxa of extant dabbling ducks (Anatini). Although the anatomy and phylogenetic position of Presbyornithidae (in particular Presbyornis) are well known, this material from Mongolia further demonstrates the prevalence of these birds in aquatic and semi‐aquatic habitats by the earliest Paleogene. Because presbyornithids are also well documented from the late Cretaceous, their palaeoecology and morphological diversity provides a clue to selective avian survivorship across the Cretaceous‐Paleogene (K‐Pg) boundary. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.