bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Do reactions after whole blood donation predict syncope on return donation?
Authors: Eder Anne F. , Notari Edward P. , Dodd Roger Y. 
Published: April 2012

BACKGROUND: Adverse reactions after whole blood donation reduce the likelihood of a subsequent donation. Still, many donors return to give blood even after experiencing a reaction. Consequently, we evaluated the risk of recurrent syncope among returning donors.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: Allogeneic whole blood donors in 2009 who had vasovagal‐type reactions including syncope were evaluated for return donation within 12 months and subsequent reactions, based on donation status (novice [first‐time] or active [repeat]) or age at index donation.RESULTS: Syncope after a first whole blood donation significantly reduced the frequency of return donation (18%), compared to either presyncopal symptoms (27%; p < 0.0001) or no reaction (35%; p < 0.0001). Among novice donors who returned to donate, syncope was more likely among donors who had any reaction (0.8%) or syncope (3.5%) at their first donation, compared to donors who had no reaction (0.3%; p < 0.0001). Syncope at a first donation identified only 2% (19 of 1062) of syncopal reactions among returning donors. For active, repeat donors who experienced syncope in 2009, a history of prior reactions had no effect on the likelihood of return donation or recurrent syncope.CONCLUSION: Donation experience strongly influences the likelihood of return donation and the risk of subsequent reactions, but a prior reaction after whole blood donation does not reliably predict recurrent syncope among returning donors.
Thawing of cryopreserved hematopoietic progenitor cells from apheresis with a new dry‐warming device
Authors: Triana Elvira , Ortega Sandra , Azqueta Carmen , Pomares Helena , Valdivia Elena , Duarte Rafael , Massuet Lluis , Martín‐Henao Gregorio Angel 
Published: April 2012

BACKGROUND: Current thawing techniques of cryopreserved progenitor cells are based on the use of a water bath. The aim of this study has been to assess the progenitor cell viability and the time of hematopoietic engraftment after transplantation of cell products thawed with a new dry‐thawing device.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: In the preclinical phase, two cryobags from the same patient were thawed with the standard technique and with the dry system method in parallel (n = 5, Protocol A and Protocol B, respectively). In the clinical phase, cryobags were thawed with the dry system and the time to hematopoietic engraftment after autologous transplantation (n = 52) was compared with those of a control group of patients whose progenitor cell products were thawed with the standard technique (n = 52).RESULTS: There were no statistical differences in nuclear and CD34+ cell viability, total colony‐forming cells, and cloning efficiency after thawing with Protocols A and B. Days to neutrophil (>0.5 × 109 and >1 × 109/L) and platelet engraftment (>20 × 109 and >50 × 109/L) were not different between patients transplanted with products thawed with Protocols A and B.CONCLUSION: Progenitor cell viability and function are preserved with this dry‐thawing system. The time to hematopoietic engraftment of patients after transplantation is comparable to those infused with progenitor cells thawed with the water bath technique. Thawing cell products without the use of water and in a dry environment might favor the use of this dry method.
Identifying Technology Commercialization Opportunities: The Importance of Integrating Product Development Knowledge
Authors: Frishammar Johan , Lichtenthaler Ulrich , Rundquist Jonas 
Published: April 2012

New product development (NPD) is a knowledge‐intensive activity, perhaps even more so in recent years given the shift toward more open innovation processes, which involve active inward and outward technology transfer. While the extant literature has established that knowledge is critical forNPDperformance, knowledge generated throughNPDcan have an additional impact on external technology exploitation—as when firms go beyond pure internal application of knowledge to commercialize their technologies, for example, by means of technology outlicensing.Grounded in the knowledge‐based view of the firm, this paper examines how the integration of domain‐specific knowledge, procedural knowledge, and general knowledge generated throughNPDaffects a firm's proficiency in identifying technology commercialization opportunities. Additionally, analysis of how technology opportunity identification relates to technology commercialization performance is provided. Empirically, the paper draws on survey data from 193 Swedish medium‐sized manufacturing firms in four industries active withNPD, and regression analyses and structural equation modeling were used to test the hypotheses.The results highlight the importance of integrating domain‐specific and generalNPDknowledge to proficiently identify technology licensing opportunities. The empirical findings also provide strong support for a subsequent link between technology opportunity identification and technology commercialization performance. Altogether, these results point to strong and previously unexplored complementarities between inward and outward technology exploitation, that is, betweenNPDand technology licensing. As such, the results provide important theoretical implications for research into the fields of knowledge integration, technology exploitation, opportunity identification, and technology markets.Moreover, the results have significant managerial implications concerning how knowledge generated throughNPDcan help firms to achieve both strategic and monetary benefits when trying to profit from technology. In particular, to set up proficient technology commercialization processes, it appears beneficial for firms to integrate knowledge that is gained through the ordinary activities of developing and commercializing products. Specifically, the integration of domain‐specific knowledge and general knowledge helps firms to match their technologies with new applications and markets, which is often the critical barrier to successful technology commercialization activities. Managers are thus encouraged to integrate domain‐specific knowledge and general knowledge fromNPDto reap additional benefits in profiting from investments in innovation and technology.
Examining Proactive Strategic Decision‐Making Flexibility in New Product Development
Authors: Kandemir Destan , Acur Nuran 
Published: April 2012

While strategic flexibility is widely accepted as a prerequisite for a firm's success, its application in strategic decision making to a firm's new product development (NPD) activities is limited to only a few studies. Furthermore, many organizations still have difficulties creating proactive strategic flexibility in their decision‐making processes. Past research studies have largely ignored the relationship between strategic decision‐making flexibility and firms' resources and/or capabilities and success in the context of NPD. This study advances strategic flexibility by adopting the proactive approach of NPD decision‐making flexibility and by examining its role in translating organizational resources and capabilities into NPD success. This study draws upon the resources, capabilities (i.e., flexibility), and performance framework to show how proactive strategic decision‐making flexibility plays a crucial role in developing new products that can create new opportunities and comply with market needs. Therefore, this research aims to (1) develop an operational definition of strategic decision‐making flexibility and (2) propose a framework to understand the drivers and the subsequent new product performance outcomes of strategic decision‐making flexibility. This study adopts the proactive perspective of strategic decision‐making flexibility and defines it as a capability that enables firms to develop NPD strategies to respond to future changes in the environment.The analysis, based on data collected from 103 European firms, shows that that the effects of long‐term orientation, strategic planning, internal commitment, and innovative climate on proactive strategic decision‐making flexibility are significant. The findings indicate specifically the roles of both champions and gatekeepers, who infuse a firm's knowledge with a clear understanding of its resources, constraints, and market needs, thereby enhancing decision makers' motivation to behave proactively to precipitate transformation. The results also reveal a positive association between proactive strategic decision‐making flexibility and NPD performance outcomes. As such, strategic flexibility provides firms with an ability to adapt to changing environments and to create new market opportunities, product, and technological arenas, and to deliver successful new products. When firms open new market, technological, and product arenas, they can easily foresee their new demands and changes and successfully deliver new products, meeting customer needs/demands, and offering benefits such as quality, cost, and timeliness. This study therefore provides a valuable reference point for future research in strategic decision‐making flexibility in NPD.
ST Segment Elevation in One Lead: A Case Report
Authors: Rifai Luay , Dia Muhyaldeen 
Published: April 2012

Background: We describe an unusual finding in an electrocardiogram showing ST‐segment elevation not related to coronary artery stenosis, pericarditis, bundle branch block, or other well known disorders.Case Presentation: A 60‐year‐old African American woman admitted for elective coronary artery bypass graft surgery. A temporary pacemaker with pacing wires was placed intraoperatively for prevention and treatment of postoperative bradyarrhythmia. One day following uneventful surgery, her electrocardiogram demonstrated marked ST segment elevation confined to lead V6. These changes were comparable to tracings obtained from direct epicardial electrocardiogram, due to contact between the V6 electrode and the temporary pacemaker ventricular lead wire.Conclusion: Current‐of‐injury patterns are represented on surface electrocardiogram by deviations of the ST segment from the isoelectric baseline. The pacing wire causes direct localized epicardial current‐of‐injury, affecting the action potential and the resting membrane potentials of cardiomyocytes. Our case report demonstrates epicardial current‐of‐injury pattern obtained via surface rather than epicardial electrocardiogram, with surface leads as surrogates of epicardial tracing. Measurement of ST‐segment shifts from the epicardial electrocardiogram has been shown to provide a more sensitive measurement of ischemia when compared to surface precordial ECG.
Behavior of Repolarization Variables during Exercise Test in the Athlete's Heart
Authors: Braschi Annabella , Francavilla Vincenzo C. , Abrignani Maurizio G. , Todaro Lorenzo , Francavilla Giuseppe 
Published: April 2012

Background: T peak–T end, QT peak/QT ratio and T peak–T end/QT ratio are markers able to test myocardial repolarization homogeneity, their increase has been related to a higher risk of ventricular tachyarrhythmias. These parameters have not yet been studied in left ventricular hypertrophy due to training. Aim of the research was to test the behavior of these variables in the athlete's heart during exercise.Methods: We examined 70 athletes, all males, divided into two groups according to the absence or the presence of a left ventricular mass index over 49 g/m2.7 and a control group composed of 35 healthy, untrained males. All study participants underwent electrocardiogram at rest, transthoracic echocardiogram, and ergometric test. Repolarization markers (QT, corrected QT, QT dispersion, T peak–T end, QT peak/QT, T peak–T end/QT) were calculated at rest, at peak exercise and during recovery.Results: There was no statistically significant difference among the groups regarding all the parameters studied, except for corrected QT at rest between athletes with left ventricular hypertrophy and control group. The behavior of repolarization markers during exercise was not dissimilar in the three groups.Conclusions: Athlete's heart is not associated to any alteration in ventricular repolarization homogeneity, neither at rest nor during physical activity nor during recovery. Training‐induced left ventricular hypertrophy does not affect relationship QT parameters/RR interval.
Preparation of Transparent Y2O3–Al2O3–SiO2 Glasses by High‐Gravity Combustion Synthesis with Heating Assistance
Authors: Yang Zengchao , Liu Guanghua , Li Jiangtao , Guo Shibin , Xu Lihua 
Published: April 2012

Transparent Y2O3–Al2O3–SiO2 glasses were prepared by high‐gravity combustion synthesis with heating assistance. The glasses showed the maximum transmittance of 54% in visible to near infrared region and hardness of 8.1–8.5 GPa. For preparing the transparent glasses, the heating assistance played an important role, which prolonged the lifetime of melts and thus promoted phase separation. The quality of prepared glasses strongly depended on the preheating temperature, the excess of Al, and the content of SiO2 in starting compositions.
High‐Temperature Transport Property of In2−xCexO3 (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.10) Fine Grained Ceramics
Authors: Liu Yong , Lin Yuan‐Hua , Xu Wei , Cheng Bo , Lan Jinle , Chen Dongliang , Zhu Hongmin , Nan Ce‐Wen 
Published: April 2012

Using the spark plasma sintering process In2−xCexO3 (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.10) fine grained ceramics have been synthesized. Our results indicate that all the In2O3‐based ceramic samples show good electrical conductivity and high thermoelectric power factor. In comparison with pure In2O3 bulks or doped samples with grain size above 1 μm, the 100–300 nm fine grain In2O3‐based ceramics exhibit much lower thermal conductivities (1.9–2.5 W·(m·K)−1 at 1173 K), demonstrating a remarkable cooperative tuning effect imposed by grain size reduction and nano‐clusters formation. The maximum figure of merit ZT value is optimized up to ~0.47 at 1223 K for In1.92Ce0.08O3 sample, which makes them promising candidates for thermoelectric applications.
Aggressive intervention of previable preterm premature rupture of membranes
Authors: MIYAZAKI KEN , FURUHASHI MADOKA , YOSHIDA KANA , ISHIKAWA KAORU 
Published: April 2012

Abstract Objective. To assess the neonatal and maternal outcomes of pregnancy complicated by previable preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM). Design. Retrospective study. Setting. Tertiary referral hospital. Sample. Forty‐five women having aggressive intervention with antibiotics, amnioinfusion, cerclage and tocolysis. Methods. The hospital database between July 2001 and December 2009 was reviewed for women with singleton fetuses and PPROM before 23+0 weeks of gestation. We analysed maternal and neonatal characteristics. Main outcome measures. Neonatal survival without major morbidity. Results. Thirty‐eight infants were delivered alive and seven were stillborn. Ten infants died in the neonatal intensive care unit and one in the labor ward. Twenty‐seven live‐born infants survived to discharge from hospital. The survival rate of pregnancies with aggressive management was 60% (27 of 45); that of live‐born infants was 71.1% (27 of 38). The median gestational age at PPROM and at delivery were significantly lower in the non‐surviving group than the surviving group. Thirty‐seven women (82.2%) had an amniotic neutrophil elastase level >0.15 μg/mL. Only four women (8.9%) developed clinical chorioamnionitis. Overall, 90.7% of the women showed histological evidence of chorioamnionitis. Eighty‐three per cent of the surviving children had bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Nine infants had serious sequelae at a corrected age of one and a half years. Maternal complications were uncommon. Conclusions. An aggressive treatment protocol for women with previable PPROM resulted in a high neonatal survival rate. Neonatal survival was associated with higher gestational age at delivery and with more frequent use of antenatal corticosteroids. The prognosis is still bad in PPROM before 22+0 weeks of gestation.
Children's use of dental services: influence of maternal dental anxiety, attendance pattern, and perception of children's quality of life
Authors: Goettems Marília L. , Ardenghi Thiago M. , Demarco Flávio F. , Romano Ana R. , Torriani Dione D. 
Published: April 2012

AbstractObjectives The purpose of the study was to investigate the influence of a child's clinical condition; maternal characteristics such as dental anxiety and dental visit pattern; socioeconomic conditions; and maternal perception of the child's oral health‐related quality of life (OHRQoL) on a child's use of dental care services.Methods A cross‐sectional study of 608 mother–child dyads was conducted during the Children's Immunization Campaign in Pelotas, Brazil. Mothers answered a questionnaire regarding their use of dental services, dental anxiety (Dental Anxiety Scale), socioeconomic status, and perception of their children's OHRQoL (the Early Childhood Oral Health Impact Scale). Clinical examination of the children was performed to assess dental caries (dmf‐t). Associations between the above‐mentioned factors and child use of dental services were assessed using Poisson regression models (prevalence ratio [PR]; 95% CI; P ≤ 0.05).Results The majority of children (79.3%) had never had a dental appointment and of the children who had visited a dentist, 55 (43.65%) presented with untreated dental caries at the time of examination. More than half the mothers (60.2%) did not visit a dentist regularly. In the final model, low schooling level of mothers (PR, 0.64) and irregular visits to a dentist by the mother (PR, 0.48) were factors because of which a child did not have a dental appointment. Children who had experienced pain (PR, 1.56), those who had poor OHRQoL (PR, 1.49), and older children (PR, 2.14) visited a dentist with higher frequency.Conclusions Use of dental care services by preschool children was low, and treatment was neglected even among children who had visited a dentist. Children of mothers with low schooling level who do not visit a dentist regularly were at greater risk of not receiving dental care. Maternal perception of their child's oral health motivated visits to the dentist.
Long‐term patterns of humoral and cellular response after vaccination against influenza A (H1N1) in patients with hematologic malignancies
Authors: Mariotti Jacopo , Spina Francesco , Carniti Cristiana , Anselmi Giovanni , Lucini Davide , Vendramin Antonio , Pregliasco Fabrizio , Corradini Paolo 
Published: April 2012

AbstractObjectivesThe efficacy of a novel vaccine against influenza virus A (H1N1) in patients with hematologic malignancies is largely unknown.MethodsWe prospectively evaluated the humoral and cellular immune responses after one injection of monovalent adjuvanted 2009 H1N1 vaccine in 47 adults with hematologic malignancies and 77 controls by hemagglutination‐inhibition assay and flow‐cytometry analysis on day 0, 28, 50, and 90.ResultsOn day 28 postvaccination, patients had lower seroprotection (95.2% vs. 75.2%, P < 0.01) and seroconversion (88.7% vs. 51.1%, P < 0.01) rates, as well as geometric mean titer (GMT; 256 vs. 134, P < 0.05), relative to controls. Response to vaccination varied according to the evaluated time point and the patient status: Patients not receiving chemotherapy had seroprotection and GMTs similar to controls in all time points, while patients receiving chemotherapy or allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) had lower seroprotection and seroconversion levels than controls on day 28 and 50. EMEA cutoffs for efficacy were reached from day 28 by patients in follow‐up or under treatment and only from day 90 by those with HSCT, especially if still under immunosuppressants. Patients treated with immunomodulatory drugs had higher antibody responses in terms of seroprotection and GMTs. T‐ and NK cell‐mediated responses mounted from day 50 and did not differ between patients and controls.ConclusionsAccording to EMEA recommendation, H1N1 vaccination strategy was effective at protecting most of the hematologic patients, but needed to be improved in those more immunocompromised.
Imbalance in Cytokines from Interleukin‐1 Family – Role in Pathogenesis of Endometriosis
Authors: Sikora Justyna , Mielczarek‐Palacz Aleksandra , Kondera‐Anasz Zdzislawa 
Published: April 2012

ProblemTo assess whether interleukin (IL)‐1beta, IL‐18 and interleukin‐1 converting enzyme (ICE) are involved in the pathogenesis of endometriosis.Method of studyPeritoneal fluid (PF) was obtained from 85 women with and without endometriosis. Peritoneal macrophages were cultured and the culture media collected. IL‐1beta, IL‐18 and ICE levels were measured by the enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).ResultsLevels of IL‐1beta and ICE in PF of women with endometriosis were higher than those in the control group. However, PF level of IL‐18 was significantly lower in the study group than in the controls. Higher secretion of IL‐1beta by peritoneal macrophages and lower IL‐18 and ICE in endometriosis patients than in control were observed. Following lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation, the macrophages secreted more IL‐1beta, IL‐18 and ICE in all groups.ConclusionsThe results pointed to impairment of the secretion of the IL‐1 cytokine family in endometriosis. Invalid IL‐1beta and IL‐18 maturation by ICE may be an important pathogenic factor in endometriosis.
Bivalent binding drives the formation of the Grb2–Gab1 signaling complex in a noncooperative manner
Authors: McDonald Caleb B. , Bhat Vikas , Mikles David C. , Deegan Brian J. , Seldeen Kenneth L. , Farooq Amjad 
Published: April 2012

Although the growth factor receptor binder 2 (Grb2)–Grb2‐associated binder (Gab)1 macromolecular complex mediates a multitude of cellular signaling cascades, the molecular basis of its assembly has hitherto remained largely elusive. Herein, using an array of biophysical techniques, we show that, whereas Grb2 exists in a monomer–dimer equilibrium, the proline‐rich (PR) domain of Gab1 is a monomer in solution. Of particular interest is the observation that although the PR domain appears to be structurally disordered, it nonetheless adopts a more or less compact conformation reminiscent of natively folded globular proteins. Importantly, the structurally flexible conformation of the PR domain appears to facilitate the binding of Gab1 to Grb2 with a 1 : 2 stoichiometry. More specifically, the formation of the Grb2–Gab1 signaling complex is driven via a bivalent interaction through the binding of the C‐terminal homology 3 (cSH3) domain within each monomer of Grb2 homodimer to two distinct RXXK motifs, herein designated G1 and G2, located within the PR domain of Gab1. Strikingly, in spite of the key role of bivalency in driving this macromolecular assembly, the cSH3 domains bind to the G1 and G2 motifs in an independent manner with zero cooperativity. Taken together, our findings shed new light on the physicochemical forces driving the assembly of a key macromolecular signaling complex that is relevant to cellular health and disease.Structured digital abstract
GRB2 and GRB2 bind by light scattering (View interaction)
GAB1 and GRB2bind by isothermal titration calorimetry (View Interaction: 1, 2, 3)