bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A randomised double‐blind phase II study of lifestyle counselling and salicylate compounds in patients with progressive prostate cancer
Authors: Thomas Robert , Oakes Roger , Gordon Julie , Russell Simon , Blades Mabel , Williams Madeleine 
Published: May 2009

PurposeSalicylate intake and lifestyle have been implicated in the aetiology of prostate cancer, but the purpose of this paper is to evaluate their influence on established cancer progression.Design/methodology/approachA randomised, double blind, phase II study involving 110 men whose prostate specific antigen (PSA), had risen in three consecutive values, >20 per cent over the proceeding six months. Men were counselled to eat less saturated fat, processed food, more fruit, vegetables and legumes; exercise more regularly and to stop smoking. They were then randomised to take sodium salicylate (SS) alone or SS combined with, vitamin C, copper and manganese gluconates (CV247). Patients took this daily, without other intervention, but were withdrawn if their PSA doubling time (PSAdt) shortened or their PSA rose >20 per cent from baseline.FindingsAlthough there was no difference in outcome between the SS or CV247 (21 v 19 p = 0.92), the intervention slowed or stopped the rate of PSA progression in 40 patients (36.4 per cent) for over one year. A further ten patients were stabilised for ten months. Patients least likely to stabilise had received previous radiotherapy or had a Gleason ≥7. These men welcomed this addition to active surveillance.Originality/valueA further RCT in the sensitive subgroup, would determine the role adding SS to lifestyle counselling alone. These data suggest that this intervention would be welcomed by patients as if substantiated, it could potentially delay the need for more radical therapy and their associated toxicities
A reflective essaying model for higher education
Authors: Badley Graham 
Published: May 2009

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to outline a reflective essaying model as a useful way of encouraging learning in higher education. It aims to define reflective essaying as the free and serious play of mind on an interesting topic in an attempt to learn.Design/methodology/approachReflective essaying is first introduced as a unifying concept in the model. Second, the model is introduced and justified especially in connection with De Montaigne's invention of the essai as a process of trying out opinions and testing responses. Third, the role of teachers as essaying mentors is discussed. Fourth, mentoring for essaying is examined as a learning transaction which exemplifies Dewey's transactional theory of experience and knowing.FindingsReflective essaying is promoted as an important way of letting students try to learn. Reflective mentors should promote student learning through reflective essaying which would encourage students to develop their own criticality.Practical implicationsThe paper has implications for both teachers and students. Teachers are urged to become more like mentors and less like didactic instructors. As mentors they should be encouraging students to see academic writing as trying out, as essaying, as experimenting with, and as learning through the ideas and materials they reflect upon.Originality/valueThe paper is original in its approach in that it draws on a wide range of historical and contemporary sources on essaying in order to re‐evaluate and resurrect essaying as an experimental process of learning.
Foundation degree students and their educational decision‐making
Authors: Greenbank Paul 
Published: May 2009

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine the decision‐making process of students who decided to study for a foundation degree.Design/methodology/approachThe research involved interviewing 30 students who were on, or had recently completed, a business‐related foundation degree.FindingsThis study found that students were not adopting a rational/comprehensive approach when making the decision to study for a foundation degree. The students only utilised limited sources of information; they did not consider a range of different options; and they often relied on informally absorbed information and their intuition. This paper argues that these students need impartial “hot” sources of advice that are easy to access. The students should also be provided with the opportunity to critically evaluate their decision‐making and should be encouraged to develop alternative, more comprehensive, approaches to decision‐making.Originality/valueThis paper sets out a novel approach to preparing students for making choices about higher education which involves focusing on the process of decision‐making. It also argues against targeting support at working class students on the grounds that students from middle class backgrounds also exhibit a lack of understanding of higher education and flaws in the way they make decisions.
The effects of attitudes and perceived environment conditions on students' entrepreneurial intent
Authors: Schwarz Erich J. , Wdowiak Malgorzata A. , Almer‐Jarz Daniela A. , Breitenecker Robert J. 
Published: May 2009

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine key factors influencing students' intent to create a new venture. Based on Ajzen's theory of planned behaviour and Autio's model of intention, it aims to develop a model of entrepreneurial intent that incorporates both human and environmental factors. Specifically, the proposed model aims to focus on three constructs to predict the entrepreneurial intent, i.e. general attitudes (toward money, change, and competiveness), the attitude toward entrepreneurship, and the perception of the university environment and regional start‐up infrastructure.Design/methodology/approachIn June 2005, 35,040 students of medicine, law, and technical, natural, social and business science from seven universities in Austria (electronic survey) were contacted. The response rate was 8.10 per cent. A total of 2,124 cases were considered in the final analysis. A multiple linear regression model with attitudes, perceptions of environment conditions, and selected control variables (age, gender, field of study) was estimated to test the hypotheses.FindingsWith the exception of the attitude toward competitiveness, all other paths regarding general and specific attitudes are significant. Pertaining to the environment conditions, only significant effects of the university on students' interest in business founding were detected. Other environment factors have no impact on entrepreneurial intention among students in Austria. In addition to that, significant differences in entrepreneurial intent regarding age, gender and field of study were found. Despite variation in the intent level between students of different fields of study, any significant differences in the effects of predictor variables on the entrepreneurial intent among the investigated student population were not discovered.Research limitations/implicationsFuture research should place more emphasis on interaction between personal and environmental factors. Besides, students' social networks (family and friends) should be included in the analysis of entrepreneurial career decision.Practical implications– The universities in Austria should more extensively address entrepreneurship education to students of other subjects than business sciences. An important component of entrepreneurial training is a social learning process. In this respect, inviting successful entrepreneurs (role models) to the lectures or enabling students small business experience via interaction with local entrepreneurs can be viewed as supportive actions. Developing entrepreneurial skills as crucial life capacities should be the main target of all university faculties.Originality/valueThe paper lays the foundation for a better understanding of the “intent preconditions” in the context of new venture creation, particularly in the context of Austrian students.
Enhancing employability: integrating real world experience in the curriculum
Authors: Ehiyazaryan Ester , Barraclough Nicola 
Published: May 2009

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to report on pedagogical research into the student experience of an approach to enterprise education integrated into the curriculum in a large metropolitan university. The paper aims to explore the implications which the research findings have for pedagogy for enhancing student employability and to discuss the approach to integrating the employability experience within these students' programme of study.Design/methodology/approachAn explanatory case study approach was adopted which aimed to explore students' perspectives on studying in a simulated work environment. Using the case study approach, phenomena of the student experience and behaviour identified through a survey questionnaire were used as a benchmark to understanding how and to what extent students learn employability skills and attributes within the learning environment. The quantitative questionnaire was followed by in‐depth focus group interviews which explored the ways in which students learned in interaction with each other and with clients and the effectiveness of the simulated work environment approach.FindingsThe findings of research pointed to the value of real world experience to learner employability. Students were most motivated in the subject matter where they could engage in activity or situations which they were likely to encounter in the real world of business. This further influenced their behaviour – students demonstrated reflective thinking and enhanced confidence. The learning environment's design in terms of the interdependent way in which students were expected to work was considered to have equally high implications for learner engagement in employability.Originality/valueThis paper contributes to the wider research on learner engagement in employability which is a challenging issue in higher education pedagogy. The paper has some implications for appropriate learning design which would be of interest to academics and practitioners in developing curricula for employability. An emphasis is placed on the need for further research in the areas of teaching transferability to students, effective employer engagement and the value of interdependent learning.
Combining study and employment: a step too far?
Authors: Robotham David 
Published: May 2009

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to report the results of a survey of part‐time employment among university students. The survey seeks to establish the nature and characteristics of that employment, and to determine the extent to which it is comparable to similar institutions. The research also aims to examine the possible consequences of combining part‐time employment with full‐time study, with particular reference to stress.Design/methodology/approachThe research consisted of a web‐based survey of full‐time undergraduates within the business school of a post‐1992 university in the UK.FindingsThe survey found that 68 per cent of the sample currently holds at least one part‐time job during term‐time and that the majority are employed in excess of ten hours per week. Employment is concentrated in a small number of sectors such as retailing, service and call centres. Previous studies report that combining a degree with employment can have negative consequences with students missing classes, doing less reading and experiencing higher levels of stress.Practical implicationsThe growth of student employment is eroding further the concept of the full‐time student and universities may need to consider adaptations to their current programmes to accommodate students. From a recruitment and retention perspective, institutions may also need to consider the mechanisms they can offer to support students working part‐time.Originality/valueThe paper is of value in adding to the existing knowledge base about student part‐time employment, which continues to be a growing phenomenon. It also sheds further light on the consequences of working while studying and the negative outcomes that may arise. In particular it examines the relationship between part‐time employment and stress.
Make your presence known! Post‐bureaucracy, HRM and the fear of being unseen
Authors: Maravelias Christian 
Published: May 2009

PurposeThis paper aims to contribute to critical management studies (CMS) by developing an empirically grounded understanding of how post‐bureaucratic control operates implicitly, by seeping into the very identities of individual employees.Design/methodology/approachOne longitudinal case study of multidisciplinary teamwork in a large insurance company was conducted during a five‐year period, beginning in the late 1990s.FindingsEvidence from the case study shows how human resource management (HRM) techniques established among employees a desire to be recognised as a trustworthy member, on the one hand, and a constant fear of being unseen, on the other. This drove employees to continuously take initiatives that placed them in a self‐regulating limelight.Research limitations/implicationsThe study uses a single case study, which limits the scope of the findingsOriginality/valueThe paper provides interesting clues as to how post‐bureaucratic control is driven not only by the risk of being “caught misbehavin'”, as CMS primarily has it, but also by the risk of being unseen and by the desire to be recognised.
Spillover effects between work and non‐work adjustment among public sector expatriates
Authors: Selmer Jan , Fenner Charles R. 
Published: May 2009

PurposeThe purpose of this pioneering study is to explore spillover effects between non‐work and work adjustment of public sector (PS) expatriates.Design/methodology/approachUS Department of Defense (DoD) administrators assigned to US embassies world‐wide were targeted by a survey.FindingsResults indicated that, in contrast with recent studies of private sector expatriates, there were no spillover effects. Neither general adjustment nor interaction adjustment had any positive association with work adjustment. Additionally, the extent of self‐efficacy of the DoD administrators was not associated with work adjustment, neither directly nor indirectly.Originality/valueResearch on PS expatriates is not very common, despite their increasing numbers. This is lamentable, since the much more advanced knowledge about private sector expatriates may be less applicable to their public sector counterparts. Even for private sector expatriates, research on spillover effects between non‐work and work domains is less than abundant and such studies are virtually non‐existent for PS expatriates. The findings are consistent with the view that the situation of PS expatriates may be different from that of private sector expatriates.
The influence of job performance outcomes on ethical assessments
Authors: Selvarajan Rajan , Cloninger Peggy A. 
Published: May 2009

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine how ethical assessments of employees are influenced by job performance outcomes, that is, by an employee's success or failure as measured by a successful or unsuccessful job appraisal.Design/methodology/approachA sample of 180 employees rated the performance of a fictitious salesperson described in one of four written vignettes as successful/ethical, successful/unethical, unsuccessful/ethical or unsuccessful/unethical.FindingsJob performance outcomes bias the ethical assessments of raters, even raters with stronger ethical beliefs. Successful employees were judged to have exhibited more ethical behaviors than unsuccessful employees.Research limitations/implicationsJob performance outcomes are a systematic source of bias that should be examined to determine the locus of effect as either rater perception and/or recall of ethical behavior that is biased by the job outcomes achieved by ratees. Studies should also examine other rater characteristics such as cognitive moral development; whether ethical intensity of the incidents in the vignettes influences assessments; whether training or other sources of appraisal (e.g. customers or peers) moderates bias; and field settings.Practical implicationsManagers who reward unethical performance with positive job appraisals will influence other employees to be more accepting of unethical behavior and may undermine organizational processes such as background checks. Organizations may try to counter these effects by other sources of appraisal (e.g. customers or peers), training, or supplementary methods.Originality/valueThe research provides important new empirical evidence regarding incorporating ethical behavior into performance appraisals, and has implications for managers seeking to improve employees' ethical behaviors, and for researchers examining performance appraisals, cognition, ethics, and organizational processes.
Predictors of job satisfaction among IT graduates in offshore outsourced IT firms
Authors: Wickramasinghe Vathsala 
Published: May 2009

PurposeThis study aims to investigate the level of job satisfaction experienced by IT graduates employed full time in offshore outsourced IT firms (OOITF) in Sri Lanka, the demographic characteristics that predict job satisfaction, perceptions towards IT jobs in OOITF, and turnover and job search intentions.Design/methodology/approachThe sample consisted of 122 randomly selected individuals who graduated in the information technology field and were employed full‐time in OOITF in Sri Lanka. A survey questionnaire was chosen as the mode for data collection.FindingsThe results indicate that gender and tenure are significant in job satisfaction measurement. Females are less satisfied with their jobs and feel a loss of interest in IT jobs in OOITF but wish to remain in their present workplace. IT graduates with a longer tenure in their present workplace are less satisfied with their jobs, feel a loss of interest in IT jobs in OOITF and intend to leave their present workplace.Originality/valueThe majority of job satisfaction studies on IT personnel have been undertaken primarily in the West. The extent to which the research findings of those studies could be generalised to the South Asian offshore outsourcing context has not been widely tested.
Labor‐management partnership at Korean firms
Authors: Lee Jiman , Lee Deog‐Ro 
Published: May 2009

PurposeThis paper seeks to examine the impact of labor‐management partnership on organizational performance and industrial relations quality at Korean firms.Design/methodology/approachData were collected from 139 firms for organizational‐level research. Hierarchical regression analyses were employed.FindingsThe research showed that the partnership principle and the five practices of management efforts to secure jobs, information sharing, fair financial rewards, investment in employee training, and worker participation in management were significantly and positively associated with the quality of industrial relations. The partnership principle and two of these practices (investment in training and fair financial rewards) had significant and positive effects on organizational performance.Practical implicationsThe results suggest that the partnership principle on its own does not necessarily lead to improved organizational performance or industrial relations quality, and that a company needs not only to adopt the principle of partnership but also to implement it effectively through specific practices.Originality/valueThe paper examines the impact of the partnership model in Korean contexts and offers practical implications for managers seeking effective implementation of the labor‐management partnership model.
Entrepreneurial teams: definition and performance factors
Authors: Schjoedt Leon , Kraus Sascha 
Published: May 2009

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to stimulate future research on entrepreneurial teams (ET).Design/methodology/approachThis paper presents a literature‐driven definition of ET and model of factors influencing entrepreneurial team performance.FindingsThe paper illustrates potential fruitful areas for future research on entrepreneurial teams.Research limitations/implicationsA literature‐driven approach on ET provides an improved basis for future research. Modeling entrepreneurial team performance factors based on a heuristic model provides a basis for both conceptual and empirical research in the future.Practical implicationsBy stimulating additional research on entrepreneurial teams, this paper assists in creating a better distinction on how and why the entrepreneurial team influences new venture performance.Originality/valueMost research on ET is based on an inadequate definition of the concept. This paper adds value by presenting a literature‐driven definition of entrepreneurial teams. Research on ET tends to focus on demographic heterogeneity. This article adds value by illustrating potential fruitful areas of research on ET based on a heuristics team performance model from the organizational literature.
Exploring the roles of social capital and team‐efficacy in virtual entrepreneurial team performance
Authors: Schenkel Mark T. , Garrison Gary 
Published: May 2009

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explore the role various forms of social capital play in the performance of entrepreneurial teams in a virtual context.Design/methodology/approachThe relationships between various social capital dimensions – i.e. relational capital, cognitive capital, entrepreneurial orientation and team‐efficacy – and entrepreneurial team performance are investigated. Students in an upper division course were assigned to a project team in which they consulted with a company and collaborated virtually among team members to develop a database to add value to an existing company's operations. Respondents’ perceptions of team social capital were measured via an online survey. Team performance was evaluated independently by course instructors.FindingsResults reveal that the perceptions of social capital in the form of relational capital, cognitive capital and entrepreneurial orientation are significantly positive predictors of team‐efficacy. Moreover, team‐efficacy is a strong positive predictor of entrepreneurial team performance in a virtual context. Implications for theory and practice are discussed.Originality/valueThis study makes three contributions to entrepreneurship research. First, it extends previous theory by systematically identifying the influence of a number of social capital dimensions as antecedents to entrepreneurial team performance. Second, empirical results extend our understanding of the impact of social capital by highlighting the distinction between social capital as a static and dynamic resource. The third contribution of this study is our explicit focus on how social capital resources might be identified and strategically leveraged in contemporary (e.g. virtual) contexts.