bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Emergence of Climate Change Litigation in the Global South
Authors: Lin Jolene , Peel Jacqueline 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
This chapter focuses on where Global South climate litigation is emerging and what this indicates about the preconditions for development of climate jurisprudence. The chapter takes a deep dive into the climate case law of three ‘forerunner’ jurisdictions with the greatest number of cases across the Asia and Pacific, African, and Latin American regions: India, South Africa, and Brazil. This analysis identifies five conditions as explanatory factors for the emergence of climate litigation: (1) access to justice; (2) a climate-conscious judiciary; (3) progressive environmental jurisprudence and/or the existence of climate change laws, policies, and institutions; (4) constitutional protection for the environment; and (5) a well-developed civil society. This suggests that if litigation is to be promoted as a climate change governance tool in the Global South, policy attention and resources must continue to be directed to establishing and strengthening the fundamental pillars of effective legal institutions and access to justice.
Actors in Global South Climate Change Litigation Mobilization Efforts
Authors: Lin Jolene , Peel Jacqueline 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
This chapter turns to the question: who are the people mobilizing the law in Global South jurisdictions to strengthen climate change policy responses and halt emissions-intensive projects? The chapter provides an analytical overview of the constellation of key actors and their roles in enabling the emergence of climate change litigation in the Global South. These actors include environmental non-governmental organizations (NGOs), regulatory agencies, local and Indigenous communities, climate change activists, environmental cause lawyers located inside and outside NGOs, and funders. This broad range of actors reflects the growing complexity, polycentricity, and multi-level nature of the climate change litigation space, and climate change governance more broadly. Stepping back from the granular analysis of specific groups of actors, the chapter advances a theoretical framework in relation to the different, prototypical modes of legal action in the Global South and how they are shaped by particular actors.
Assessing the Impact of Global South Climate Litigation
Authors: Lin Jolene , Peel Jacqueline 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
This concluding chapter considers the early impacts emerging from Global South climate litigation to date and potential areas of future development for this body of jurisprudence. The ‘impact’ of climate litigation is discussed in terms of the outcomes achieved by the litigation that extend beyond courtroom findings, as well as likely trajectories of future outcomes. The chapter outlines frameworks that have been developed for the assessment of impact from litigation and how they might need to be adjusted for the task of assessing the impacts of climate litigation in the Global South. It also examines four case studies of high-profile Global South climate cases and traces evidence of impacts stemming from these cases. The final section of the chapter draws together lessons for the assessment of climate litigation’s impact and highlights areas that the authors see as promising avenues for further development of the Global South climate case law in the future.
Introduction
Authors: Fortin Marie-France 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
This introduction demonstrates how the mystical confusion surrounding the king can do no wrong in legal thinking still has significant consequences for the law of governmental liability today. It describes how this confusion, in conjunction with the emphasis on the individual liability of public servants, shields modern-day government in common law jurisdictions from liability at common law, and obfuscates the lack of direct liability for institutional wrongdoing. Light is shone on the revival of historical constitutional understandings of the king can do no wrong in public law cases on the prerogative and judicial review, and the resulting discrepancy with legal thinking on crown liability. The divergence between the law of public authority liability and crown liability is explored. The historical constitutional approach adopted in this book is described and how it can enlighten our understanding of crown liability and sovereign immunity is explained.
The King Can Do No Wrong During The Constitutional Struggles of the Seventeenth Century
Authors: Fortin Marie-France 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
This chapter shows that while the king can do no wrong still conveyed the Bractonian understanding that the king is not entitled to do wrong in early seventeenth century cases and in Coke’s work, the conflict opposing Royalists and Parliamentarians led to varied—sometimes opposed—understandings of the phrase until the new constitutional order ushered in by the Glorious Revolution led to a revised understanding of the king can do no wrong in legal thinking. It is proposed that this seventeenth-century constitutional understanding of the king can do no wrong—reflected in Matthew Hale’s work, which is studied in detail—was that the king’s wrongful commands are void and that his ministers and servants must be sued instead. The chapter also shines a light on the issue of the continued existence of the petition of right, left unresolved after the conferral of a personal immunity from suit on the king.
Conclusion
Authors: Fortin Marie-France 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The conclusion recounts the evolution of the king can do no wrong in the work of Bracton, Coke, Hale, Blackstone, and Dicey, as well as in seminal nineteenth-century cases on the petition of right that led to the legal fiction that there is no wrong in the king. Following the historical constitutional approach adopted in this book, changes and continuity in understandings of the three notions associated with the king can do no wrong during the Middle Ages, Tudor era, seventeenth-century constitutional struggles, and since the eighteenth century are summarized. The heuristic model of crown liability elaborated in this book is used to critically analyse the obfuscation of the issue of the central government’s capacity to do wrong in legal discourse. Avenues for reform of the law of crown liability are proposed and an argument is made in favour of coherence in constitutional thinking, as reflected in recent seminal cases.
Introduction
Authors: Preston Carrie J 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The Introduction establishes complicit participation as the prevailing framework through which many white liberals who identify as allies participate in theatrical and other institutional efforts grouped under the rubric of diversity, equity, and inclusion initiatives. This chapter defines “immersion,” “realism,” and “antiracism”; discusses the complicit anecdote and autoethnography as central methods; comments on the terminology chosen for the book; and identifies the drawbacks to a project that centers a cisgender, white voice. The chapter identifies the emotional power and political limitations of well-intentioned performances of allyship, particularly the author’s own complicit participation in productions and efforts that seek to depict and challenge institutionalized anti-Black racism and white supremacy.
Blackfaced at The Blacks
Authors: Preston Carrie J 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
This chapter considers the audience participation in Jean Genet’s controversial play The Blacks (1959) as it was staged in the New York premiere in 1961 and revival in 2003 at the Classical Theatre of Harlem (CTH). The Blacks casts its audience in a painful, confusing, even humiliating role, a role that was aggravated by production strategies at CTH, yet the play has been remarkably successful throughout its history. This chapter considers the aspirations and limitations of audience participation as a form of political engagement, as well as Genet’s suspicion, articulated in his recently published “Preface to The Blacks,” that theater cannot contribute to the liberation of oppressed groups. The American career of The Blacks clarifies some of the reasons we fail to end racism, including the potential pleasures of participating in our own racially inspired humiliation.
Hissing, Bidding, and Lynching at Branden Jacobs-Jenkins’s An Octoroon
Authors: Preston Carrie J 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Branden Jacobs-Jenkins’s 2016 An Octoroon encouraged Boston theatergoers to hiss and cheer like the audiences for Boucicault’s 1859 The Octoroon, and then encouraged them to bid for slaves and scream for a lynching. For some, participation may have encouraged a self-satisfied post-racial bliss; for others, it may have bolstered psychic investments in racism and misogyny. Many, however, were confused: What is an appropriate response to the melodramatic extremes of American race relations? Jacobs-Jenkins’s work suggests there are no easy answers to the melodramatics of racism and misogyny, and the audience reaction he hopes to achieve is ambiguous and ambivalent, with confusion and more conversation as a desired outcome.
Administrative Procedure Acts in Europe: An Emerging “Common Core”?
Authors: Cananea Giacinto Della , Parona Leonardo 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
This Article concerns the legislative regulation of administrative procedure in Europe. Two main themes are discussed. The first is the spread of administrative procedure legislation. The vast majority of the member states of the European Union, though not all, have adopted some type of code of administrative procedure. Arguably, this constitutes a significant change in the pattern of modern administrative law. The second theme concerns commonality and diversity in European laws. Both common and distinctive features are considered from a twofold point of view: functional and structural. Functionally, attention is devoted to the rationales for such a legislative instrument, including procedural fairness and administrative efficiency. The structural features of administrative procedure acts (APAs) include, first, their size and scope and the nature of their provisions; second, their legal status, in particular whether some of them can be regarded as “super-statutes”; third, their provisions concerning the rights and duties of the individual. Interestingly, despite numerous differences between national APAs, deriving from both context and policy choices, there are certain basic requirements, such as the right to be heard and the duty to give reasons, which seem to prevail everywhere. The Article suggests that such common features depend on a mix of factors, including functional needs, prestige, and the influence of supranational legal orders.
RmsdXNA: RMSD prediction of nucleic acid-ligand docking poses using machine-learning method
Authors: Tan Lai Heng , Kwoh Chee Keong , Mu Yuguang 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Small molecule drugs can be used to target nucleic acids (NA) to regulate biological processes. Computational modeling methods, such as molecular docking or scoring functions, are commonly employed to facilitate drug design. However, the accuracy of the scoring function in predicting the closest-to-native docking pose is often suboptimal. To overcome this problem, a machine learning model, RmsdXNA, was developed to predict the root-mean-square-deviation (RMSD) of ligand docking poses in NA complexes. The versatility of RmsdXNA has been demonstrated by its successful application to various complexes involving different types of NA receptors and ligands, including metal complexes and short peptides. The predicted RMSD by RmsdXNA was strongly correlated with the actual RMSD of the docked poses. RmsdXNA also outperformed the rDock scoring function in ranking and identifying closest-to-native docking poses across different structural groups and on the testing dataset. Using experimental validated results conducted on polyadenylated nuclear element for nuclear expression triplex, RmsdXNA demonstrated better screening power for the RNA-small molecule complex compared to rDock. Molecular dynamics simulations were subsequently employed to validate the binding of top-scoring ligand candidates selected by RmsdXNA and rDock on MALAT1. The results showed that RmsdXNA has a higher success rate in identifying promising ligands that can bind well to the receptor. The development of an accurate docking score for a NA–ligand complex can aid in drug discovery and development advancements. The code to use RmsdXNA is available at the GitHub repository https://github.com/laiheng001/RmsdXNA.
PlasCAT: Plasmid Cloud Assembly Tool
Authors: Peccoud Samuel , Berezin Casey-Tyler , Hernandez Sarah I , Peccoud Jean 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Summary
PlasCAT (Plasmid Cloud Assembly Tool) is an easy-to-use cloud-based bioinformatics tool that enables de novo plasmid sequence assembly from raw sequencing data. Nontechnical users can now assemble sequences from long reads and short reads without ever touching a line of code. PlasCAT uses high-performance computing servers to reduce run times on assemblies and deliver results faster.

Availability and implementation
PlasCAT is freely available on the web at https://sequencing.genofab.com. The assembly pipeline source code and server code are available for download at https://bitbucket.org/genofabinc/workspace/projects/PLASCAT. Click the Cancel button to access the source code without authenticating. Web servers implemented in React.js and Python, with all major browsers supported.
Distinct ultrastructural phenotypes of glial and neuronal alpha-synuclein inclusions in multiple system atrophy
Authors: Böing Carolin , Di Fabrizio Marta , Burger Domenic , Bol John G J M , Huisman Evelien , Rozemuller Annemieke J M , van de Berg Wilma D J , Stahlberg Henning , Lewis Amanda J 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Multiple system atrophy is characterized pathologically by the accumulation of alpha-synuclein (aSyn) into glial cytoplasmic inclusions (GCIs). The mechanism underlying the formation of GCIs is not well understood.
In this study, correlative light and electron microscopy was employed to investigate aSyn pathology in the substantia nigra and putamen of post-mortem multiple system atrophy brain donors.
Three distinct types of aSyn immuno-positive inclusions were identified in oligodendrocytes, neurons and dark cells presumed to be dark microglia. Oligodendrocytes contained fibrillar GCIs that were consistently enriched with lysosomes and peroxisomes, supporting the involvement of the autophagy pathway in aSyn aggregation in multiple system atrophy. Neuronal cytoplasmic inclusions exhibited ultrastructural heterogeneity resembling both fibrillar and membranous inclusions, linking multiple systems atrophy and Parkinson’s disease. The novel aSyn pathology identified in the dark cells, displayed GCI-like fibrils or non-GCI-like ultrastructures suggesting various stages of aSyn accumulation in these cells.
The observation of GCI-like fibrils within dark cells suggests these cells may be an important contributor to the origin or spread of pathological aSyn in multiple system atrophy. Our results suggest a complex interplay between multiple cell types that may underlie the formation of aSyn pathology in multiple system atrophy brain and highlight the need for further investigation into cell-specific disease pathologies in multiple system atrophy.
Decreased brain iron deposition based on quantitative susceptibility mapping correlates with reduced neurodevelopmental status in children with autism spectrum disorder
Authors: Du Lei , Ye Fang , Gao Wenwen , Yang Aocai , Luan Jixin , Xu Manxi , Lv Kuan , Hu Pianpian , Liu Bing , Yu Hongwei , Wang Yuli , Huang Weijie , Shu Ni , Ouyang Gaoxiang , Yin Qian , Shmuel Amir , Wang Yunfeng , Zhang Qi , Xu Pengfei , Ma Guolin 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
To investigate potential correlations between the susceptibility values of certain brain regions and the severity of disease or neurodevelopmental status in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), 18 ASD children and 15 healthy controls (HCs) were recruited. The neurodevelopmental status was assessed by the Gesell Developmental Schedules (GDS) and the severity of the disease was evaluated by the Autism Behavior Checklist (ABC). Eleven brain regions were selected as regions of interest and the susceptibility values were measured by quantitative susceptibility mapping. To evaluate the diagnostic capacity of susceptibility values in distinguishing ASD and HC, the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was computed. Pearson and Spearman partial correlation analysis were used to depict the correlations between the susceptibility values, the ABC scores, and the GDS scores in the ASD group. ROC curves showed that the susceptibility values of the left and right frontal white matter had a larger area under the curve in the ASD group. The susceptibility value of the right globus pallidus was positively correlated with the GDS-fine motor scale score. These findings indicated that the susceptibility value of the right globus pallidus might be a viable imaging biomarker for evaluating the neurodevelopmental status of ASD children.
Noninvasive brain stimulation in autism: review and outlook for personalized interventions in adult patients
Authors: Hensel Lukas , Lüdtke Jana , Brouzou Katia O , Eickhoff Simon B , Kamp Daniel , Schilbach Leonhard 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Noninvasive brain stimulation (NIBS) has been increasingly investigated during the last decade as a treatment option for persons with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Yet, previous studies did not reach a consensus on a superior treatment protocol or stimulation target. Persons with ASD often suffer from social isolation and high rates of unemployment, arising from difficulties in social interaction. ASD involves multiple neural systems involved in perception, language, and cognition, and the underlying brain networks of these functional domains have been well documented. Aiming to provide an overview of NIBS effects when targeting these neural systems in late adolescent and adult ASD, we conducted a systematic search of the literature starting at 631 non-duplicate publications, leading to six studies corresponding with inclusion and exclusion criteria. We discuss these studies regarding their treatment rationale and the accordingly chosen methodological setup. The results of these studies vary, while methodological advances may allow to explain some of the variability. Based on these insights, we discuss strategies for future clinical trials to personalize the selection of brain stimulation targets taking into account intersubject variability of brain anatomy as well as function.
Decision-making under conditions of explicit risk and uncertainty in autistic and typically developing adolescents and young adults
Authors: Krug Marie K , Takarae Yukari , Iosif Ana-Maria , Solomon Marjorie 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Adolescence has been characterized as a period of risky and possibly suboptimal decision-making, yet the development of decision-making in autistic adolescents is not well understood. To investigate decision-making in autism, we evaluated performance on 2 computerized tasks capturing decision-making under explicit risk and uncertainty in autistic and non-autistic adolescents/young adults ages 12–22 years. Participants completed the Game of Dice Task (32 IQ-matched participant pairs) to assess decision-making under explicit risk and the modified Iowa Gambling Task (35 IQ-matched pairs) to assess decision-making under uncertainty. Autistic participants overall made riskier decisions than non-autistic participants on the Game of Dice Task, and the odds of making riskier decisions varied by age and IQ. In contrast, the autistic group showed comparable levels of learning over trial blocks to the non-autistic group on the modified Iowa Gambling Task. For both tasks, younger autistic participants performed poorer than their non-autistic counterparts, while group differences diminished in older ages. This age-related pattern suggests positive development during adolescence on risk assessment and decision-making in autism but also implies differential developmental trajectories between groups. These findings also suggest differential performance by the risk type, with additional complex influences of IQ and fluid cognition, which warrants further investigations.
Novel gurmarin-like peptides from Gymnema sylvestre and their interactions with the sweet taste receptor T1R2/T1R3
Authors: Maaroufi Halim 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Gymnema sylvestre (GS) is a traditional medicinal plant known for its hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effects. Gurmarin (hereafter Gur-1) is the only known active peptide in GS. Gur-1 has a suppressive sweet taste effect in rodents but no or only a very weak effect in humans. Here, 8 gurmarin-like peptides (Gur-2 to Gur-9) and their isoforms are reported in the GS transcriptome. The molecular mechanism of sweet taste suppression by Gur-1 is still largely unknown. Therefore, the complete architecture of human and mouse sweet taste receptors T1R2/T1R3 and their interaction with Gur-1 to Gur-9 were predicted by AlphaFold-Multimer (AF-M) and validated. Only Gur-1 and Gur-2 interact with the T1R2/T1R3 receptor. Indeed, Gur-1 and Gur-2 bind to the region of the cysteine-rich domain (CRD) and the transmembrane domain (TMD) of the mouse T1R2 subunit. In contrast, only Gur-2 binds to the TMD of the human T1R2 subunit. This result suggests that Gur-2 may have a suppressive sweet taste effect in humans. Furthermore, AF-M predicted that Gα-gustducin, a protein involved in sweet taste transduction, interacts with the intracellular domain of the T1R2 subunit. These results highlight an unexpected diversity of gurmarin-like peptides in GS and provide the complete predicted architecture of the human and mouse sweet taste receptor with the putative binding sites of Gur-1, Gur-2, and Gα-gustducin. In addition, gurmarin-like peptides may serve as promising drug scaffolds for the development of antidiabetic molecules.