bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Local and regional photovoltaic power prediction for large scale grid integration: Assessment of a new algorithm for snow detection
Authors: Lorenz Elke , Heinemann Detlev , Kurz Christian 
Published: November 2011

ABSTRACTLarge‐scale grid integration of photovoltaic (PV) power requires forecast information on the expected PV power for all levels of electricity supply systems. Regional PV power forecasts provide the basis for grid management and trading of PV power on the energy market. On the local scale, smart grid applications define a sector with increasing need for PV power forecasting. Here, we present and evaluate new and enhanced features of the regional PV power prediction system of the University of Oldenburg and Meteocontrol GmbH. The basic approach to predict regional PV power with an hourly resolution of up to 2 days ahead is based on global model forecasts of the European Centre for Medium‐Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) and includes explicit physical modelling steps to convert the predicted solar irradiance into PV power. The proposed new, empirical approach aims at improving PV power predictions during periods of snow cover, where the original forecasts usually show a strong overestimation of the power production. The approach integrates measured PV power production data and additional meteorological forecast parameters. The new approach for power forecasting has been evaluated against the operational forecasts for the control area of the German transmission system operator ‘50Hertz Transmission GmbH’ for a 1‐year period. The root mean square error (rmse) of the forecasts could be reduced from 4.9% to 3.9% for intra‐day forecasts, and from 5.7% to 4.6% for day‐ahead forecasts. The largest improvement was found during January, where the rmse could be reduced by more than half by applying the proposed algorithm for snow detection. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effect of Ginkgo biloba Extract (GbE‐761) on the Survival of Fasciocutaneous Flaps in Rats
Authors: Sambuy Marina T. C. , da Costa Antonio C. , Cohen Carina , Chakkour Ivan 
Published: November 2011

Cutaneous and fasciocutaneous flaps are used widely in the surgical reconstruction of various body segments, especially to cover exposed vital tissues. Partial or total necrosis of these flaps, secondary to insufficient tissue irrigation, is one possible complication. Therefore, investigations into antiplatelet aggregation, vasodilation and antioxidant properties are highly significant. The aim of the present study was to analyse the effect of GbE 761 on the survival of fasciocutaneous flaps in rats. For that purpose, GbE 761 was administered to 30 rats after the creation of 10 × 3 cm dorsal flaps on each animal. The rats were divided into three equal groups. GbE 761 was administered to Group A, starting immediately after surgery; Group B received it 24 h after the flap was cut; and Group C (controls) received 0.9% NaCl solution.The average area of necrosis was 29.53% in Group A, 26.25% in Group B and 46.12% in Group C. The difference between Groups B and C was statistically significant (p = 0.026). These initial findings suggest that GbE 761 administered on day 1 after surgery reduces the percentage of necrosis in fasciocutaneous flaps, relative to not giving GbE at all. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A Risk Assessment Approach: Qualification of a HVAC System in Aseptic Processing Area Using Building Management System
Authors: Shukla Anil K. , Katole Ashutosh , Jain Nilesh , Karthikeyan C. , Mehta Farhad , Trivedi Piyush 
Published: November 2011

AbstractIn the pharmaceutical industry qualification of HVAC systems is done by using a risk based approach. Failure mode effect analysis (FMEA) concepts were used for risk assessment of a HVAC system to determine the scope and extent of qualification and validation in this present work. The HVAC is the “direct impact” system in the aseptic practice which directly affects the product quality and regulatory compliance. The level of risk associated with the HVAC system was assessed based on the impact and severity of the probable risk in aseptic practice in sterile manufacturing. On completion of the risk assessment, control and measures developed and recommended actions for unacceptable risk were identified for improved cGMP compliance and qualification of the system upgrades. After completion of the risk assessment the recommended actions were extended and verified against the qualification stages of the HVAC system. Finally, the HVAC system was subjected to a performance qualification (PQ) study. All of the tests were performed and a report was generated. On evaluation of the data collected during PQ, it was found that the HVAC system met all the specified design criteria and complied with the entire cGMP requirement. Hence the system stands validated for PQ. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Novel 3D hexapod computer‐assisted orthopaedic surgery system for closed diaphyseal fracture reduction
Authors: Tang Peifu , Hu Lei , Du Hailong , Gong Minli , Zhang Lihai 
Published: November 2011

AbstractBackgroundLong‐bone fractures are very common in trauma centers. The conventional Arbeitsgemeindschaft fur Osteosynthesefragen (AO) technique contributes to most fracture healing problems, and external fixation technology also has several disadvantages, so new techniques are being explored.MethodA novel hexapod computer‐assisted fracture reduction system based on a 3D‐CT image reconstruction process is presented for closed reduction of long‐bone diaphyseal fractures. A new reduction technique and upgraded reduction device are described and the whole system has been validated.ResultsTen bovine femoral fracture models were used with random fracture patterns. Tests results were as follows: residual deviation 1.24 + 0.65 mm for the axial deflection, 1.19 + 0.37 mm for the translation, 2.34 + 1.79° for the angulation, and 2.83 + 0.9° for the rotation.ConclusionThe reduction mechanism has the advantages of high positioning, reduction and computer accuracy, and intra‐operative stability for both patients and surgical team. With further investigation, it could be applied in many kinds of long‐bone diaphyseal fractures. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Radial Mechanical Properties of Single‐Walled Boron Nitride Nanotubes
Authors: Zheng Meng , Chen Xiaoming , Bae In‐Tae , Ke Changhong , Park Cheol , Smith Michael W. , Jordan Kevin 
Published: November 2011

AbstractThe radial mechanical properties of single‐walled boron nitride nanotubes (SW‐BNNTs) are investigated by atomic force microscopy. Nanomechanical measurements reveal the radial deformation of individual SW‐BNNTs in both elastic and plastic regimes. The measured effective radial elastic moduli of SW‐BNNTs are found to follow a decreasing trend with an increase in tube diameter, ranging from 40.78 to 1.85 GPa for tube diameters of 0.58 to 2.38 nm. The results show that SW‐BNNTs have relatively lower effective radial elastic moduli than single‐walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs). The axially strong, but radially supple characteristics suggest that SW‐BNNTs may be superior to SWCNTs as reinforcing additives for nanocomposite applications.
Facile and Large‐Scale Fabrication of Anisometric Particles from Fibers Synthesized by Colloid‐Electrospinning
Authors: Friedemann Kathrin , Corrales Tomas , Kappl Michael , Landfester Katharina , Crespy Daniel 
Published: November 2011

AbstractA new top‐down approach is proposed to form large amounts of anisometric particles. Multicompartment fibers that present different domains composed of silica nanoparticles and larger polystyrene nanoparticles are fabricated by colloid‐electrospinning and are subsequently calcinated and broken. The obtained fibers containing voids are subsequently cut via sonication to yield anisometric particles. It is shown that the majority of the fibers can be broken at the voids.
The multiple quality models paradox: how much ‘best practice’ is just enough?
Authors: Heston Keith M. , Phifer William 
Published: November 2011

AbstractToday, several dozen global, national, and industry‐specific standards compete for attention in the industry. Most companies have limited experience in implementing new quality models and few have experts across multiple quality model domains. For most organizations, the number of standards is excessive and unnecessary. Instead, organizations need a straightforward framework that establishes a systematic, value‐added, and effective governance structure and delivery mechanism based on industry‐accepted business process management principles. They need to do this without having to subscribe explicitly to many different models, standards, and best practices.This paper looks at several key industry standards (ISO 9001, CMMI, ITIL, ISO 27001, eSCM‐SP, Six Sigma) and uses the concept of ‘process DNA’ and ‘Quality Genes’ to analyze the key concepts contained in these standards. The Q‐Genes are then used as the basis to explore several organizational archetypes and how different types of organizations can effectively take advantage of the principles in these standards, while limiting unnecessary and redundant effort.This paper recognizes the value of having processes that are drawn from widely accepted and proven quality models. However, it also seeks to find a suitable balance between process maturity and excessive complexity. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Risk Factors for Prolonged Postoperative Ileus After Colorectal Cancer Surgery
Authors: Millan Monica , Biondo Sebastiano , Fraccalvieri Domenico , Frago Ricardo , Golda Thomas , Kreisler Esther 
Published: November 2011

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of this study was to analyze factors contributing to prolonged postoperative ileus (POI) after elective bowel resection in patients with colorectal cancer.MethodsThis was a retrospective review of a prospectively maintained database of patients operated on for colorectal cancer during 2006–2009. Patients with abdominal procedures and bowel resection without anastomotic leakage were included. Prolonged POI was defined as no flatus by postoperative day (POD) 6, with or without intolerance to oral intake by POD 6. Variables studied included demographics, prior medical conditions, details of the surgical procedure, and hospital stay.ResultsA total of 773 patients met the inclusion criteria. POI occurred in 15.9%. The mean hospital stay was 11 days without POI and 20 days for POI patients (P < 0.001). Factors associated with POI in the univariate analysis were ASA III–IV (P < 0.005), male sex (P < 0.004), smoking (P < 0.015), chronic pulmonary disease (COPD) (P < 0.002), rectal cancer (P < 0.02), and ileostomy (P < 0.001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed male sex [odds ratio (OR) 1.6, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.04–3.5]; COPD (OR 1.9, 95% CI 1.25–31.0), and ileostomy (OR 1.9; 95% CI 1.23–3.07) as risk factors for POI.ConclusionsThe risk of POI seems increased in patients with preoperative COPD and patients with an ileostomy, especially in men. Consideration of these factors could be important for the prevention and treatment of POI.
Characteristics of Sleep Disturbance in Patients with Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
Authors: Patel Jay N. , McCabe Steven J. , Myers John 
Published: November 2011

Background Sleep disturbance is common in carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS), and we hypothesize that it has an important impact on the quality of life of CTS patients. The characteristic of sleep problems associated with CTS has not been evaluated. Methods We performed a case-control study to measure the association between a variety of sleep disturbances and CTS. Sixty-two cases with clinically diagnosed CTS and a probable or classic hand diagram were compared to 138 primary care patients without CTS. In addition to demographic features, we collected the nature of sleep disturbance experienced by the patients from a categorical list and the nature, impact, and severity of sleep disturbance using the Insomnia Severity Index. Results Patients with CTS complained of significantly more severe problems with sleep than the control population and had multiple sleep complaints compared to the control group. Sixty-three of the 138 control patients indicated that they had one cause of sleeping disturbance with no control patient choosing more than one. In contrast, in CTS patients, 44 of 63 patients indicated they had two or more causes of sleep disturbance. The Insomnia Severity Index was significantly higher in CTS patients and the impact of sleep disturbance on quality of life was higher in the cases. Conclusion Sleep disturbance in CTS patients is characterized by a broad array of physical symptoms that have a significant impact on quality of life.
An α-lactalbumin-enriched and symbiotic-supplemented v. a standard infant formula: a multicentre, double-blind, randomised trial
Authors: Rozé Jean-Christophe , Barbarot Sébastien , Butel Marie-José , Kapel Nathalie , Waligora-Dupriet Anne-Judith , De Montgolfier Inès , Leblanc Magali , Godon Nathalie , Soulaines Pascale , Darmaun Dominique , Rivero Montserrat , Dupont Christophe 
Published: November 2011

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the safety, tolerance and preventive effect on atopic dermatitis of an experimental α-lactalbumin-enriched and symbiotic-supplemented infant formula. A total of ninety-seven non-breastfed term neonates were enrolled into a double-blind, multicentre, randomised controlled trial in which they received experimental (n 48) or standard formula (n 49) for 6 months. The primary outcome was weight at 6 months of age. Secondary outcomes were gastrointestinal tolerance and manifestation of atopic dermatitis. Faecal secretory IgA (SIgA) concentration and microbiota composition of forty-three infants were analysed at 1 and 6 months. Growth was similar in both groups. At 1 month, compared to those in the control group, infants in the experimental group exhibited less crying or agitation, and more quiet behaviour (P = 0·03). At 6 months, atopic dermatitis was less frequently observed in the experimental group (P < 0·05). Decrease of faecal SIgA concentration between 1 and 6 months was mainly observed in the control group. This decrease was significantly associated with atopic dermatitis (P < 0·014) and negatively correlated to the level of colonisation by bifidobacteria (P < 0·005). In conclusion, compared to the control formula, the experimental formula guaranteed a similar growth, was better tolerated at 1 month and had a protective effect against the development of atopic dermatitis.
Climate change and land suitability for potato production in England and Wales: impacts and adaptation
Authors: DACCACHE A. , KEAY C. , JONES R. J. A. , WEATHERHEAD E. K. , STALHAM M. A. , KNOX J. W. 
Published: November 2011

SUMMARYThe viability of commercial potato production is influenced by spatial and temporal variability in soils and agroclimate, and the availability of water resources where supplementary irrigation is required. Soil characteristics and agroclimatic conditions greatly influence the cultivar choice, agronomic husbandry practices and the economics of production. Using the latest (UKCP09) scenarios of climate change for the UK, the present paper describes a methodology using pedo-climatic functions and a geographical information system (GIS) to model and map current and future land suitability for potato production in England and Wales. The outputs identify regions where rainfed production is likely to become limiting and where future irrigated production would be constrained due to shortages in water availability. The results suggest that by the 2050s, the area of land that is currently well or moderately suited for rainfed production would decline by 88 and 74%, respectively, under the ‘most likely’ climate projections for the low emissions scenario and by 95 and 86%, respectively, for the high emissions scenario, owing to increased likelihood of dry conditions. In many areas, rainfed production would become increasingly risky. However, with supplementary irrigation, c. 0·85 of the total arable land in central and eastern England would remain suitable for production, although most of this is in catchments where water resources are already over-licensed and/or over-abstracted; the expansion of irrigated cropping is thus likely to be constrained by water availability. The increase in the volume of water required due to the switch from rainfed- to irrigated-potato cropping is likely to be much greater than the incremental increase in water demand solely on irrigated potatoes. The implications of climate change on the potato industry, the adaptation options and responses available, and the uncertainty associated with the land suitability projections, are discussed.
On the Scope and Drivers of the Asset Growth Effect
Authors: Lipson Marc L. , Mortal Sandra , Schill Michael J. 
Published: November 2011

AbstractRecent papers have debated whether the negative correlation between measures of firm asset growth and subsequent returns is of little importance since it applies only to small firms, is justified as compensation for risk, or is evidence of mispricing. We show that the asset growth effect is pervasive, and evidence to the contrary arises due to specification choices; that one measure of asset growth, the change in total assets, largely subsumes the explanatory power of other measures; that the ability of asset growth to explain either the cross section of returns or the time series of factor loadings is linked to firm idiosyncratic volatility (IVOL); that the return effect is concentrated around earnings announcements; and that analyst forecasts are systematically higher than realized earnings for faster growing firms. In general, there appears to be no asset growth effect in firms with low IVOL. Our findings are consistent with a mispricing-based explanation for the asset growth effect in which arbitrage costs allow the effect to persist.
Oral oocyst-induced mouse model of toxoplasmosis: effect of infection withToxoplasma gondiistrains of different genotypes, dose, and mouse strains (transgenic, out-bred, in-bred) on pathogenesis and mortality
Authors: DUBEY J. P. , FERREIRA L. R. , MARTINS J. , McLEOD RIMA 
Published: November 2011

SUMMARYHumans and other hosts acquireToxoplasma gondiiinfection by ingesting tissue cysts in undercooked meat, or by food or drink contaminated with oocysts. Currently, there is no vaccine to prevent clinical disease due this parasite in humans, although, variousT. gondiivaccine candidates are being developed. Mice are generally used to test the protective efficacy of vaccines because they are susceptible, reagents are available to measure immune parameters in mice, and they are easily managed in the laboratory. In the present study, pathogenesis of toxoplasmosis was studied in mice of different strains, including Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) transgenic mice infected with different doses ofT. gondiistrains of different genotypes derived from several countries. Based on many experiments, the decreasing order of infectivity and pathogenicity of oocysts was: C57BL/6 background interferon gamma gene knock out (KO), HLA-A*1101, HLA-A*0201, HLA-B*0702, Swiss Webster, C57/black, and BALB/c. Mice fed as few as 1 oocyst of Type I and several atypical strains died of acute toxoplasmosis within 21 days p.i. Some Type II, and III strains were less virulent. The model developed herein should prove to be extremely useful for testing vaccines because it is possible to accurately quantitate a challenge inoculum, test the response to different strains ofT. gondiiusing the same preparations of oocysts which are stable for up to a year, and to have highly reproducible responses to the infection.
On systems-disconjugacy and a question of Barrett
Authors: Edelson Allan , Kreith Kurt 
Published: November 2011

SynopsisIn answer to a question raised by John Barrett in 1961, conditions are established under which the existence of a systems-conjugate point of a fourth-order equation also assures the existence of a 2–2 conjugate point. These results lead to new conjugacy criteria and apply to certain non-selfadjoint equations more general than those previously considered.
Fragmented rings
Authors: Dubreil Paul 
Published: November 2011

SynopsisThe publication of the results in this paper has been delayed, for non-mathematical reasons. However, the author has given lectures on these results in Smolenice [2], Gainesville, Tulane. Riverside (1971), Milan (1972) and in Paris. The main consideration in this paper is the notion of a fragmented ring and its multiplicative semigroup. A fragmented ring is a ring with an identity having a finite set of idempotents, these commuting and therefore being central. In a subsequent paper we shall consider associated ideas in a purely semigroup-theoretic context and, in so doing, point out some differences between general semigroups and those semigroups that are the multiplicative semigroups of rings.
Bounds for the point spectrum for a Sturm-Liouville equation
Authors: Atkinson F. V. , Everitt W. N. 
Published: November 2011

SynopsisThis paper obtains, under certain general conditions on the coefficient q, a best-possible upper bound on the real parameter λ for the differential equationto have a non-trivial solution in the integrable-square space L2 (a, ∞).
Über das Verhalten der Lösung des Dirichletproblems am Rand des Gebietes, wenn der Rand zur KlasseC2αgehört
Authors: König Manfred 
Published: November 2011

SynopsisIn this paper the boundary behaviour of the solution of Dirichlet's problem for the equation Δu=fin domains withC2,α-boundary is studied. Without using Schauder's a priori estimates, we prove the following theorem, which is indispensable in Schauder's method to solve Dirichlet's problem for a general linear elliptic equation.Theorem: Let (f, g)∈ C0,α(Ḡ)×C2,α(∂G) and u ∈ C0.0(Ḡ) ∩C2,α(G) be a solution of the problem Δu = f, u|∂G = g. Then u ∈ C2,α(Ḡ).
Eine kritische Bemerkung zu Darstellungen der Schauderschen Beweistechnik für elliptische lineare Differentialgleichungen
Authors: König Manfred 
Published: November 2011

SynopsisThe object of this paper is to demonstrate, that with the open mapplng theorem of S.Banach one can prove very easily the following estimatefor all u ∈ C2,α and 0 ≤ t ≤ 1, if one knows, that for all bounded G ⊂ Rn, with boundary ∂G ∈ C2,α and for all (f, g) ∈ C0,α × C2,α (∂G) Dirichle's problem Δu = f, u|∂G = g has a solution u ∈ C2,α. This estimate can be used to solve Dirichle's problem for a general linear elliptic equation by Schauder's method.
Padé approximant bounds on the positive solutions of some nonlinear elliptic equations
Authors: Barnsley M. F. , Bessis D. 
Published: November 2011

SynopsisWe consider the equation Lφ − λpφ + γqφ2 = f on a bounded domain in Rn with homogeneous Neumann-Dirichlet boundary conditions. L is a negative definite uniformly elliptic differential operator, while, p, q and f are positive functions. We show that there exists exactly one positive solution for each λ ∈ R and γ > 0. This solution can be analytically continued throughout Re γ > 0: it is a Laplace transform of a positive measure. The measure is bounded prior to the bifurcation point of the associated “homogeneous” equation and unbounded after. Noting that any Laplace transform of positive measure has associated with it a natural sequence of Tchebycheff systems, it now follows that one can obtain monotonically converging upper and lower bounds which are provided by the generalized Padé approximants generated from the Tchebycheff systems.
Limit circle classification and boundedness of solutions
Authors: Neuman F. 
Published: November 2011

SynopsisUsing an algebraic approach to the nth order linear differential equations (see [3] forn= 2 and [13and14] forn≧ 2) it is shown the essence of the relation between the limit circle classification and boundedness of solutions ofy″ =q(t)y. On this example it is demonstrated that if a problem can be formulated in the rank of the approach, then it is only a technical matter to answer it, e.g. the relationship studied here is based on a standard fact from the theory of functions.