bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The value of Lymphocyte-to-C-Reactive Protein Ratio for predicting clinical outcomes in patients with sepsis in intensive care unit: a retrospective single-center study
Authors: song chao , hu zhenkui , zhang jinhui 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background
The lymphocyte-to-C-reactive protein ratio (LCR) was a novel biomarker of inflammation that had been implicated in various diseases. Nevertheless, the role of LCR in the context of sepsis patients admitted to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) had not been thoroughly elucidated. This study aimed to determine the significance of the LCR in predicting the prognosis of sepsis patients within ICU.
Methods
A sample of sepsis patients requiring ICU care was selected from the Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University. These patients were then segmented into four quartiles based on their LCR levels. The primary endpoint of the study was 30-day mortality and the secondary endpoint was the occurrence of Acute Kidney Injury (AKI). Survival analysis, via the Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank test, was conducted to assess survival rates. Cox proportional hazards regression and logistic regression models were employed to investigate the association between LCR and clinical outcomes. Additional subgroup analyses were conducted to evaluate the influence of other confounding factors on the relationship between LCR and patient outcomes.
Results
A total of 1123 patients were enrolled in this study, with a median age of 75 (65–84) years, and 707 (63.0%) of them were male. The 30-day mortality rate was 28.1%, while the incidence of AKI was 45.6%. A progressive decrease in LCR levels was found to be associated with an increased cumulative incidence of 30-day mortality (log-rank P < 0.001). Multivariable Cox proportional hazards analyses demonstrated that LCR was an independent predictor of 30-day mortality [per 1-unit increase in LCR: HR (95%CI): 0.370 (0.142–0.963); P = 0.042]. Additionally, multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed a significant association between LCR and AKI occurrence [per 1-unit increase in LCR: OR (95%CI): 0.541 (0.307–0.953); P = 0.034]. Furthermore, subgroup analysis indicated a stronger correlation for patients aged over 65 years compared to those aged 65 or younger (p for interaction < 0.05) in predicting 30-day mortality or AKI occurrence based on LCR.
Conclusions
A reduction in LCR was notably linked to 30-day mortality and the occurrence of AKI in sepsis patients. These findings suggested that LCR could potentially serve as a valuable tool in identifying sepsis patients at a heightened risk of adverse outcomes.
Soil infiltration rates in mediterranean mountain areas: relationship with soil properties and different land-use
Authors: Mongil-Manso Jorge , Jiménez-Ballesta Raimundo , Navarro-Hevia Joaquín , Martín Roberto San 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

We determined the soil properties and infiltration rates in 11 plots, including four soil types (Leptosol, Cambisol, Umbrisol and Regosol, according to the FAO criteria), under three different land uses (pine forest, oak forest and scrubland). The study was conducted in a Spanish Central System mountain under a Mediterranean climate. We tried to quantify the effect of land use (native and reforested forest and scrubland) and soil properties on the steady-state soil infiltration rate because of the limited evidence about soil infiltration in Mediterranean mountains with sandy and acid soils developed on granite rocks. We employed a simple-ring methacrylate infiltrometer method to determine soil infiltration rates. We used correlation and principal component analysis to examine the relationships between soil properties, land uses, and water infiltration. Additionally, a one-way ANOVA model was applied to identify differences between vegetation types. Soil infiltration rates in the pine forest (891.9 mm·h− 1) and the oak forest (509.0 mm·h− 1) were better than those in the scrubland (178.4 mm·h− 1). Our results are in agreement with the common results in the scientific literature. Factors such as sand content (R = 0.71, p-value = 0.02) or electrical conductivity (salt content indicator; R = 0.81, p-value = 0.00) were positively related to soil infiltration, while clay was negatively related (R = -0.69, p-value = 0.02). Forest cover improves soil infiltration. This effect is strongly related to hydrological ecosystem services, which may be of interest for decision-making in natural environment management, especially for soil and water conservation.
Optimal Production Scheduling and Roller Change by Joint Multi-Attribute Constrained Decision Making in Hot Tandem Rolling Production Process
Authors: Hu Shangju , Zhang Xiaohong , Zeng Jianchao , Gan Jie , Shi Guannan , Qiu Huadong 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

During the hot tandem rolling production process, the urgency of rolling tasks requires the manufacturing workflow to respond efficiently to market requirements. Product quality decisively influences a company's competitiveness and customer satisfaction. This study examined production scheduling optimisation and roller-changing decisions in hot rolling systems, considering different production tasks with different quality grades and delivery deadlines under multiple attribute constraints. First, a stochastic wear degradation and reliability prediction model for the roller was developed based on the different material attributes of the rolled pieces and the diversity of the production processes, all of which have varying effects on the roller wear. Second, a combined decision model for production scheduling and roller changes was developed under the dual constraints of quality grade and delivery deadlines, from which the optimal scheduling sequence for the rolled pieces and the reliability threshold for roller changes were determined with the aim of maximizing production profitability. A hybrid optimisation algorithm combining the genetic algorithm with tabu search was employed to enhance search efficiency. Numerical experiments with data sourced from 1,009 rolled pieces produced in an actual steel factory were conducted to validate the effectiveness of the proposed model and method. The results showed that the proposed strategies and models could increase profits by 2.62% under the same conditions and reduce the number of roller changes, ensuring that the reliability of the system before roller changing was no less than 0.97, while still meeting the required quality grades.
Self and Other-Perceived Deception Detection Abilities are Highly Correlated but Unassociated with Objective Detection Ability: Examining the Detection Consensus Effect
Authors: Markowitz David M. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Subjective lying rates are often strongly and positively correlated. Called the deception consensus effect, people who lie often tend to believe others lie often, too. The present paper evaluated how this cognitive bias also extends to deception detection. Two studies (Study 1: N = 180 students; Study 2: N = 250 people from the general public) had participants make 10 veracity judgments based on videotaped interviews, and also indicate subjective detection abilities (self and other). Subjective, perceived detection abilities were significantly linked, supporting a detection consensus effect, yet they were unassociated with objective detection accuracy. More overconfident detectors — those whose subjective detection accuracy was greater than their objective detection accuracy — reported telling more white and big lies, cheated more on a behavioral task, and were more ideologically conservative than less overconfident detectors. This evidence supports and extends truth-default theory, highlighting possible (a)symmetries in subjective and objective veracity assessments.
Donor and recipient hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells mobilization in liver transplantation patients
Authors: Zhi Yao , Qiu Wei , Tian Guangyao , Song Shifei , Zhao Wenchao , Du Xiaodong , Sun Xiaodong , Chen Yuguo , Huang Heyu , Li Jing , Yu Ying , li Mingqian , Lv Guoyue 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background
Hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) mobilize from bone marrow to peripheral blood in response to stress. The impact of alloresponse-induced stress on HSPCs mobilization in human liver transplantation (LTx) recipients remains under-investigated.
Methods
Peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) samples were longitudinally collected from pre- to post-LTx for one year from 36 recipients with acute rejection (AR), 74 recipients without rejection (NR), and 5 recipients with graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). 28 PBMC samples from age-matched healthy donors were collected as healthy control (HC). Multi-color flow cytometry (MCFC) was used to immunophenotype HSPCs and their subpopulations. Donor recipient-distinguishable major histocompatibility complex (MHC) antibodies determined cell origin.
Results
Before LTx, patients who developed AR after transplant contained more HSPCs in PBMC samples than HC, while the NR group patients contained fewer HSPCs than HC. After LTx, the HSPC ratio in the AR group sharply decreased and became less than HC within six months, and dropped to a comparable NR level afterward. During the one-year follow-up period, myeloid progenitors (MPs) biased differentiation was observed in all LTx recipients who were under IS treatment. During both AR and GVHD episodes, the recipient-derived and donor-derived HSPCs mobilized into the recipient's blood, respectively. The HSPCs percentage reduced after the disease was cured.
Conclusions
A preoperative high HSPC ratio in blood characterizes recipients who developed AR after LTx. Recipients exhibited a decline in blood-circulating HSPCs after transplant, the cells mobilized into the blood during alloresponse.
Evaluating Existing Approaches to Text Reuse Through an Analysis of Matteo Ricci’s Reliance on Classical Chinese Texts
Authors: McManus Stuart Michael , Li Yuji , Tam Leo , Qiu Shuyang , Liu Songyu , Ng Daniel , Wong Warner , Yu Letian 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

This article analyses the debt to classical Sinographic literature, history and philosophy in the works of the famous Jesuit missionary to the Wanli Emperor, Matteo Ricci (1552-1610). To do so, we trial three recently developed models for analyzing historical text reuse and choose the model best suited to our task. After identifying relevant examples of text reuse in Ricci’s eight surviving works (two of which show particularly high patterns of reuse), we then explore the possible historical factors behind these patterns and subject the citation frequencies of particular classical works, historical periods and genres to analysis using linear and nonlinear regression models. In the end, we conclude that Ricci’s oeuvre borrows heavily from works generally categorized as “Confucian” from the Warring States period, as well as poetic texts of various sorts. This reflects the existing consensus in the historiography, while adding important granular detail.
Immunohistochemical characterization of interstitial cells and their relationship to motor neurons within the mouse esophagus
Authors: Bhraonain Emer Ni , Turner Jack , Hannigan Karen , Sanders Kenton , Cobine Caroline 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC) and PDGFRα+ cells regulate smooth muscle motility in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. However, their role(s) in esophageal motility are still unclear. The mouse esophagus has traditionally been described as almost entirely skeletal muscle in nature though ICC have been identified along its entire length. The current study evaluated the distribution of skeletal and smooth muscle within the esophagus using a mouse selectively expressing eGFP in smooth muscle cells (SMCs). The relationship of SMCs to ICC and PDGFRα+ cells was also examined. SMCs declined in density in the oral direction however SMCs represented ~ 25% of the area in the distal esophagus suggesting a likeness to the transition zone observed in humans. ANO1+ intramuscular ICC (ICC-IM) were distributed along the length of the esophagus though like SMCs, declined proximally. ICC-IM were closely associated with SMCs but were also found in regions devoid of SMCs. Intramuscular and submucosal PDGFRα+ cells were densely distributed throughout the esophagus though only intramuscular PDGFRα+ cells within the LES and distal esophagus highly expressed SK3. ICC-IM and PDGFRα+ cells were closely associated with nNOS+, VIP+, VAChT+ and TH+ neurons throughout the LES and distal esophagus. GFAP+ cells resembling intramuscular enteric glia were observed within the muscle and were closely associated with ICC-IM and PDGFRα+ cells, occupying a similar location to motor nerve fibers. These data suggest that the mouse esophagus is more similar to the human than thought previously and thus set the foundation for future functional and molecular studies using transgenic mice.
Reflectance Test Method of X-ray Optics on the 100-m X-ray Test Facility
Authors: Zhu Yuxuan , Zhao Zijian , Hou Dongjie , Yang Yanji , Yang Xiongtao , Zhang Yifan , Wu Kaiji , Ding Fei , Xie Dong , Xu Yupeng , Wang Bo , Wang Langping , Wang Yusa 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Reflectance is a key topic in soft X-ray optics research and serves as the foundation for the study of X-ray astronomical satellites and payload performance. Since its establishment, the 100-m X-ray Test Facility (100XF) has been continuously developing various testing functionalities, including calibration of timing, imaging, and energy response. This paper provides a detailed description of the X-ray optics reflectance test method based on the 100XF, which is applicable to various grazing incident X-ray optics, including Wolter-I and lobster-eye types, significantly expanding the application scope of the 100XF. A flat mirror sample (SiO2 coated on Si wafer) are tested. Results of the variation of reflectivity with angle @ C-Kα (0.28 keV), Al-Kα(1.49 keV) and Ti-Kα(4.50 keV) are presented among the description. Additionally, reflectance test method has been applied to the coating reflectivity study of the enhanced X-ray Timing and Polarimetry Mission (eXTP) mirror. At the same time, a new method utilizing continuum spectrum of bremsstrahlung was carried out for studying the continuous variation of reflectivity with energy, greatly improving efficiency compared to traditional methods, and all the results show a good agreement with the theoretical values. The deviation between the test values and theoretical values in the low-energy range (1.5-8.0 keV) is less than 10%.
The Causal Relationship between Cathepsins and Breast Cancer: A Univariable and Multivariable Mendelian Randomization Study
Authors: Xu Zheyu , Mao Chenkai , Zhao Zheng , Zhang Xinyu , Zhou YC 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background
Breast cancer (BC) is the most prevalent cancer among women, with significant incidence, mortality, and economic impact observed worldwide. Exploring potential candidates in the tumor microenvironment can be a breakthrough in cancer prevention. Observational studies have suggested a reciprocal influence between BC and cathepsins. However, potential confounding factors may influence the results of these studies. While overcoming these confounding factors, Mendelian randomization (MR) studies can assess causal relationships.
Objective
This study assessed the causal relationship between BC and cathepsins B, E, F, G, H, O, S, V, and X by using two-sample MR, thereby offering new preventive strategies for BC. Additionally, a multi-sample MR validation was conducted to determine whether indirect causal relationships are present.
Methods
Instrumental variables for genome-wide significant levels were obtained from published summary statistics. The inverse variance weighting method and other MR approaches were used to assess bidirectional causal relationships between BC and cathepsins, followed by the use of multi-sample MR.
Results
Positive MR indicated that cathepsins E and F have a direct causal impact on BC [cathepsin E-related analysis: odds ratio (OR) = 1.064, 95% confidence interval (CI) = (1.009, 1.112), p = 0.021; cathepsin F-related analysis: OR (95% CI) = 1.066 (1.003, 1.133), p = 0.038]. No evidence suggested a reverse causal relationship between BC and the nine cathepsins. Multi-sample MR (multivariable Mendelian randomization) results for the nine cathepsins show no causal relationship.
Conclusion
Cathepsins may have a causal effect on BC. Our findings indicate that patients with higher concentrations of cathepsin E and F are more susceptible to BC. The findings also provide new insights into the potential pathogenic mechanisms of BC and BC preventive strategies involving cathepsins.
A Graph Neural Network Approach for Hierarchical Mapping of Breast Cancer Protein Communities
Authors: Zhang Xiao , Liu Qian 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background
Comprehensively mapping the hierarchical structure of breast cancer protein communities and identifying potential biomarkers from them is a promising way for breast cancer research. Existing approaches are subjective and fail to take information from protein sequences into consideration. Deep learning can automatically learn features from protein sequences and protein-protein interactions for hierarchical clustering.
Results
Using a large amount of publicly available proteomics data, we created a hierarchical tree for breast cancer protein communities using a novel hierarchical graph neural network, with the supervision of gene ontology terms and assistance of a pre-trained deep contextual language model. Then, a group-lasso algorithm was applied to identify protein communities that are under both mutation burden and survival burden, undergo significant alterations when targeted by specific drug molecules, and show cancer-dependent perturbations. The resulting hierarchical map of protein communities shows how gene-level mutations and survival information converge on protein communities at different scales. Internal validity of the model was established through the convergence on BRCA2 as a breast cancer hotspot. Further overlaps with breast cancer cell dependencies revealed SUPT6H and RAD21, along with their respective protein systems, HOST:37 and HOST:861, as potential biomarkers. Using gene-level perturbation data of the HOST:37 and HOST:861 gene sets, three FDA-approved drugs with high therapeutic value were selected as potential treatments to be further evaluated. These drugs include mercaptopurine, pioglitazone, and colchicine.
Conclusion
The proposed graph neural network approach to analyzing breast cancer protein communities in a hierarchical structure provides a novel perspective on breast cancer prognosis and treatment. By targeting entire gene sets, we were able to evaluate the prognostic and therapeutic value of genes (or gene sets) at different levels, from gene-level to system-level biology. Cancer-specific gene dependencies provide additional context for pinpointing cancer-related systems and drug-induced alterations can highlight potential therapeutic targets. These identified protein communities, in conjunction with other protein communities under strong mutation and survival burdens, can potentially be used as clinical biomarkers for breast cancer.
Understanding predictions of drug effectiveness using explainable Machine Learning models
Authors: König Caroline , Vellido Alfredo 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Purpose: The analysis of absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) molecular properties is of relevance to drug design, as they directly inﬂuence the drug’s eﬀectiveness at its target location. This study concerns their prediction, using explainable Machine Learning (ML) models. The aim of the study is to ﬁnd which molecular features are relevant to the prediction of the diﬀerent ADME properties and measure their impact on the predictive model.
Methods: The relative relevance of individual features for ADME activity is gauged by estimating feature importance in ML models’ predictions. Feature importance is calculated using feature permutation and the individual impact of features is measured by SHAP additive explanations.
Results: The study reveals the relevance of speciﬁc molecular descriptors for each ADME property and quantiﬁes their impact on the ADME property prediction.
Conclusion: The reported research illustrates how explainable ML models can provide detailed insights about the individual contributions of molecular features to the ﬁnal prediction of an ADME property, as an eﬀort to support experts in the process of drug candidate selection through a better understanding of the impact of molecular features.
Simultaneous removal of Eriochrome Black T and chromate anions from aqueous solution using functionalized magnetic polymers
Authors: Alghamdi Huda M. , Mohammad Rihab M. , Elwakeel Khalid Z. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Textile wastewater containing heavy metal ions has become a severe environmental problem worldwide. The combined uptake of heavy metals and dyes from wastewater discharged by different sectors is a challenging concept. This study explores the use of hybrid adsorbent based on magnetic chitosan (MC) and magnetic glycidyl methacrylate (Mp(GMA)) in adsorption technology, for simultaneous removal of Eriochrome Black T (EBT) dye and chromate anions from their binary aqueous solution. The adsorbent material was functionalized by loading diethylenetriamine (DETA) or dithizone to improve their adsorption capacity (R-DETA or R-Dithizone). The physicochemical characteristics of the materials have been characterized by a wide variety of analytical techniques. Pseudo-second order and Langmuir adsorption isotherms were the best-fit models in the binary adsorption system. The co-presence of these anions in the binary solution increases the adsorption capacity of chromate and diminishes the EBT adsorption capacity of the investigated adsorbents (R-DETA and R-Dithizone). These anions in the binary solution reduce the adsorption capacity of both dye and chromate anions. The adsorption capacity at monolayer saturation capacities (Langmuir) of R-DETA in binary system were 0.782 and 4.11 mmol g− 1 towards EBT and chromate anions respectively, while R-Dithizone adsorbent recorded lower monolayer sorption capacity for EBT (0.490 mmol g− 1 ) and higher sorption capacity for chromate 5.93 mmol Cr(VI) g− 1 in the binary solution. The effects of competitive anions Cl−, NO3−, SO42−, and MnO4− on the adsorption of EBT and chromate anions in their binary mixture were examined. The good sorption ability of EBT and Cr(VI) anions against ionic interference supported their use in wastewater treatment applications. NaOH (0.5 M) proved the most effective for desorption from their binary mixture.