bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dark septate endophyte Anteaglonium sp. T010 promotes biomass accumulation in poplar by regulating sucrose metabolism and hormones
Authors: Qu Dehui , Wu Fanlin , Guo Yingtian , Zhang Jin , Li Mengyuan , Yang Lina , Wang Lei , Su Hongyan 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Plant biomass is a highly promising renewable feedstock for the production of biofuels, chemicals and materials. Enhancing the content of plant biomass through endophyte symbiosis can effectively reduce economic and technological barriers in industrial production. In this study, we found that symbiosis with the dark septate endophyte (DSE) Anteaglonium sp. T010 significantly promoted the growth of poplar trees and increased plant biomass, including cellulose, lignin and starch. To further investigate whether plant biomass was related to sucrose metabolism, we analyzed the levels of relevant sugars and enzyme activities. During the symbiosis of Anteaglonium sp. T010, sucrose, fructose and glucose levels in the stem of poplar decreased, while the content of intermediates such as glucose-6-phosphate (G6P), fructose-6-phosphate (F6P) and UDP-glucose (UDPG), and the activity of enzymes related to sucrose metabolism, including sucrose synthase (SUSY), cell wall invertase (CWINV), fructokinase (FRK) and hexokinase, increased. In addition, the contents of glucose, fructose, starch, and their intermediates G6P, F6P and UDPG, as well as the enzyme activities of SUSY, CWINV, neutral invertase and FRK in roots were increased, which ultimately led to the increase of root biomass. Besides that, during the symbiotic process of Anteaglonium sp. T010, there were significant changes in the expression levels of root-related hormones, which may promote changes in sucrose metabolism and consequently increase the plant biomass. Therefore, this study suggested that DSE fungi can increase the plant biomass synthesis capacity by regulating the carbohydrate allocation and sink strength in poplar.
Screening for Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy: Updated Evidence Report and Systematic Review for the US Preventive Services Task Force
Authors: Henderson J.T. , Webber E.M. , Thomas R.G. , Vesco K.K. 
Published: May 2024

(JAMA. 2023;330:11:1083–1091)
The incidence of hypertensive disorders, including pre-eclampsia, during pregnancy has been increasing since the early 1990s, putting more pregnant women and neonates at risk of death or illness. The Black population is affected disproportionately, with the risk of dying of pre-eclampsia 5 times higher for Blacks than for Whites. In 2017, the US Preventive Services Task Force recommended screening pregnant women for pre-eclampsia by taking blood pressure (BP) readings throughout pregnancy at office visits. This systematic review examined different screening protocols to evaluate if some were more effective than others.
Education in Obstetric Anesthesiology: An International Approach
Authors: Benhamou D. , Mercier F.J. , Van de Velde M. , Lucas N. , Sng B.L. , Gaiser R. 
Published: May 2024

(Int J Obstet Anesth. 2023;55:103896/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijoa.2023.103896 0208-5216/)
Obstetric anesthesiology has transformed from administering inhaled anesthetics to handling complex cases in pregnant or postpartum patients, driven by enhanced education in the field. Different countries employ diverse approaches to prepare anesthesiology trainees for obstetric anesthesia, but common threads include competency-based education and the challenge of assessing clinical judgment and skills. In the United States, anesthesiologists undergo basic obstetric anesthesia training with optional advanced programs. Maternal mortality reduction in the 20th century reflects improved education. However, racial disparities persist in pregnancy-related morbidity and mortality, emphasizing the ongoing need for evolving obstetric anesthesiology education to help address this issue and maternal safety in general. The process involves residency and optional fellowship, ensuring competence through clinical experience. Board certification and ongoing education further contribute to advancing obstetric anesthesiology.
State of the Art: Intrapartum Antibiotics in Cesarean Section—The Infant Microbiota and Allergic Diseases
Authors: Moore J. , Navarro S. , McCarthy K. , Rashid R.B. , Phipps S. , Amoako A. , Callaway L. , Eley V. 
Published: May 2024

(Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2023;102:811–820)
Recent changes in guidelines for administering maternal antibiotics for cesarean deliveries (CD) have increased neonatal exposure to antibiotics. Potential long-term effects of this exposure are relatively unknown; recent evidence in other fields has indicated a long-lasting impact of antibiotic exposure on gut microbiota composition, which raises concerns about the effects of antibiotics on the fragile and new gut microbiota of neonates around the time of birth. This review assessed the current guidelines and applications for CD antibiotics, as well as discussed the importance of neonatal intestinal microbiota and the potential consequences of antibiotic prophylaxis in the development of the neonatal immune system and allergic disease.
Association of the US Affordable Care Act-Dependent Coverage Provision With Labor Neuraxial Analgesia Use
Authors: Guglielminotti J. , Daw J.R. , Landau R. , Friedman A.M. , Li G. 
Published: May 2024

(Anesthesiology. 2023;139:274–286)
Neuraxial analgesia during labor is both safe and effective and has been associated with a lower risk of severe maternal morbidity. However, utilization is lower in minority groups, who experience a higher risk of severe maternal morbidity. Therefore, it is imperative to increase utilization and access, especially among minority ethnic and racial groups. This study examined the factor of health insurance access, specifically the effect of the Dependent Coverage Provision for the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act on the use of neuraxial analgesia during labor, both in women from minority groups and overall.
Association Between Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy and Cardiovascular Diseases Within 24 Months After Delivery
Authors: Ackerman-Banks C.M. , Lipkind H.S. , Palmsten K. , Ahrens K.A. 
Published: May 2024

(Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2023;229(1):65.e1–65.e15)
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death among women in the United States. The association between hypertensive diseases of pregnancy (HDP) and CVD are well known with an increased risk of long-term morbidity. For short-term CVD outcomes after HDP, most existing data are limited to the immediate postpartum period and the data are limited on which specific cardiovascular diagnoses have the greatest risk profiles during the first 24 months after delivery. This study aimed to assess the risk of various cardiovascular diagnoses in the initial 24 months postdelivery among individuals with HDP compared with those without.
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus and Labor Analgesia: Nationwide Register‐Based Analysis in Finland
Authors: Kuitunen I. , Vähä‐Tuisku S. , Huttunen T. 
Published: May 2024

(Acta Diabetol. 2022;59:1515–1517)
Diabetes mellitus (DM) has an impact on patient analgesia, necessitating higher postoperative analgesia doses. Gestational DM’s (GDM) influence on labor analgesia must be studied better. The National Institute for Health and Care Excellence lacks recommendations. A lone study found increased opioid use postcesarean delivery (CD) in GDM patients, who are generally more obese. Previous analyses revealed minimal differences in labor analgesia based on obesity grade. With rising GDM incidence, understanding its impact on labor analgesia is crucial. Our national-level study aims to compare labor analgesia between GDM and non-GDM patients, addressing this gap in research.
Anxiety and Depressive Symptoms in Pregnant Women During the COVID-19 Pandemic in the Czech Republic—Broader Sociodemographic Causes, Connections and Implications
Authors: Krámská L. , Slabá S. , Hrešková L. , Kajdy A. , Sys D. , Poon L. , Calda P. 
Published: May 2024

(Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2023;102:1014–1025)
The COVID-19 pandemic has profoundly impacted various aspects of life, posing risks not only to physical health but also to mental well-being. Psychological effects such as stress, anxiety, and depression are prevalent, particularly among pregnant women, with potential repercussions for pregnancy outcomes. This study explored the sociodemographic and psychological factors during the COVID pandemic that affected the mood of pregnant Czech women. Conducted through the MindCOVID study, our survey included 1830 pregnant women, utilizing standardized instruments (GAD-7 and PHQ-9) to assess anxiety and depression. The study focused on culturally specific characteristics and risk factors for mental disorders, providing valuable insights for effective multidisciplinary health care planning.
Effect of an Oxytocin Protocol on Secondary Uterotonic Use in Patients Undergoing Cesarean Delivery
Authors: Davis P.R. , Sviggum H.P. , Arendt K.W. , Pompeian R.J. , Kurian C. , Torbenson V.E. , Hanson A.C. , Schulte P.J. , Hamilton K.D. , Sharpe E.E. 
Published: May 2024

(Can J Anaesth. 2023;70(7):1194–1201)
Following childbirth, it is customary to administer oxytocin to prevent postpartum hemorrhage (PPH). Oxytocin, the first line uterotonic, is typically given intravenously immediately after vaginal and cesarean delivery. Different oxytocin protocols exist and the optimal dosing regimen is yet to be determined. A rule of three’s oxytocin protocol was previously described and found to reduce the overall amount of oxytocin administered during scheduled cesarean deliveries (CD) while maintaining adequate uterine tone. The aim of the study was to compare a modified rule of three’s oxytocin protocol to a free-flow oxytocin infusion after CD.
Implementation and Outcomes of a Uterine Artery Embolization and Tranexamic Acid Protocol for Placenta Accreta Spectrum
Authors: Munoz J.L. , Blankenship L.M. , Ramsey P.S. , McCann G.A. 
Published: May 2024

(Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2023;229(1):61.e1–61.e7)
During pregnancy, complications may arise such as placenta accreta spectrum (PAS) disorders. PAS is a continuum of conditions characterized by abnormal placental invasion, posing intraoperative risks during delivery. Patients with PAS often face postpartum complications, typically necessitating scheduled cesarean deliveries (CD) between 34 and 36 weeks gestation, making the delivery high risk. High blood loss and post-CD complications are common in women with placenta accreta, prompting the implementation of specific observations and protocols in medical facilities.
Economic Cost of Secondary Postpartum Hemorrhage: A Case-Control Study at a Tertiary Hospital in Australia
Authors: Young N. , Quinlivan J. , Fox R. , Anderson J. , Davis L. , Mooney S. 
Published: May 2024

(Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol. 2023;63:308–313)
Secondary postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) is excessive vaginal bleeding occurring up to 12 weeks after childbirth. The incidence ranges from 0.2% to 3.0%, usually presenting 1 to 2 weeks postnatally and commonly caused by endometritis and retained products. Despite its impact on health, evidence for managing and understanding its cost burden is lacking compared with primary PPH. Australian public hospitals are subsidized, but reproductive care costs were $8.7B in 2018 to 2019. Effective resource allocation is vital amidst rising health care expenses. Limited evidence guides secondary PPH treatment, potentially leading to multiple presentations and increased costs. Consequences include resuscitation, transfusion, surgery, and hysterectomy, elevating health care expenses. This study sought to analyze the economic impact of secondary PPH.
Maternal Outcomes of Placental Abruption With Intrauterine Fetal Death and Delivery Routes: A Nationwide Observational Study
Authors: Wada Y. , Takahashi H. , Sasabuchi Y. , Usui R. , Ogoyama M. , Suzuki H. , Ohkuchi A. , Fujiwara H. 
Published: May 2024

(Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2023;102:708–715)
Both maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality are associated with placental abruption (PA), a condition where the placenta prematurely separates from the uterine wall before or during labor. PA and intrauterine fetal death (IUFD) can co-occur, making a delivery more complex as well as high risk, as shown through increased maternal morbidity rates. Worldwide, delivery for mothers with PA and IUFD varies between vaginal delivery (VD) and cesarean delivery (CD), although various sources cite VD as the preferred method. Frequent complications of VD for PA with IUFD includes a longer delivery time, uterine rupture, and substantial blood loss. CD is associated with hemorrhagic shock and hematoma formation due to a greater increase in blood loss. Limited, small-scale studies have been performed comparing VD and CD and the effect on maternal morbidity in cases with IUFD and PA; however, this study uses a large data set to understand the relationship between delivery method and morbidity in cases of PA with IUFD.
Planned Delivery or Expectant Management for Late Preterm Pre-Eclampsia in Low-Income and Middle-Income Countries (CRADLE-4): A Multicenter, Open-Label, Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Beardmore-Gray A. , Vousden N. , Seed P.T. , Vwalika B. , Chinkoyo S. , Sichone V. , Kawimbe A.B. , Charantimath U. , Katageri G. , Bellad M.B. , Lokare L. , Donimath K. , Bidri S. , Goudar S. , Sandall J. , Chappell L.C. , Shennan A.H. ,   CRADLE-4 Study Group
Published: May 2024

(Lancet. 2023;402:386–396)
Pre-eclampsia is a relatively common condition and poses a disproportionately high risk to women in low-income and middle-income countries where it is a leading cause of maternal morbidity and mortality, estimated to have caused more than 42,000 deaths. The only known treatment is delivery, but there are also risks associated with preterm delivery that can contribute to both maternal and neonatal outcomes. Evidence suggests delivery at 37 weeks optimizes outcomes for both mother and infant, but there is little evidence about delivery in the late preterm gestational period leading up to that, between 34 and 36 and 6/7 weeks. Research in higher income settings has shown that fetal death in these cases is rare, but there are factors in such settings that are unavailable or unrealistic in low-income and middle-income settings. This study aimed to address the gap in knowledge by assessing outcomes related to planned delivery between 34 and 37 weeks in women with pre-eclampsia compared with expectant management during the same gestational period in India and Zambia.
Early Delivery for Pre-eclampsia Might Save Lives in Low-Income and Middle-Income Settings
Authors: Cluver C.A. , Walker S.P. 
Published: May 2024

(Lancet. 2023;402(10399):350–352)
It is well known in the field that pre-eclampsia is a large contributor to maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality, with the burden disproportionately falling on lower income countries; much of the research surrounding pre-eclampsia and its management has been done in high-income countries, even though the disease burden in these countries is felt less severely. This article is a commentary arguing for more research in this area particularly for the settings in which people are most affected.
Prenatal Intravenous Magnesium at 30 to 34 Weeks’ Gestation and Neurodevelopmental Outcomes in Offspring: The MAGENTA Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Crowther C.A. , Ashwood P. , Middleton P.F. , McPhee A. , Tran T. , Harding J.E. 
Published: May 2024

(JAMA. 2023;330(7):603–614)
Preterm infants have a greater risk of cerebral palsy, a common motor disability for which there is no cure. As such, primary prevention is especially important. The use of magnesium sulfate while pregnant has been shown in randomized clinical trials to be helpful for those at risk of early preterm delivery by improving an infant’s chance of survival without cerebral palsy. As a result, magnesium sulfate is recommended for fetal neuroprotection. However, there is a lack of data surrounding the ideal gestational age for using it prenatally.
Direct Current Cardioversion in Pregnancy: A Multicenter Study
Authors: Cauldwell M. , Adamson D. , Bhatia K. , Bhagra C. , Bolger A. , Everett T. , Fox C. , Girling J. , Head C. , English K. , Hudsmith L. , James R. , Johnson M. , MacKiliop L. , McAuliffe F.M. , Mariappa G. , Orchard E. , O'Brien M. , Siddiqui F. , Simpson L. , Simpson M. , Timmons P. , Vause S. , Wander G. , Walker N. , Steer P.J. 
Published: May 2024

(BJOG. 2023;130(10):1269–1274)
The physiological changes that occur in pregnancy have been associated with new onset and recurrent cardiac arrhythmias. It is common for pregnant patients to experience palpitations in pregnancy, and most of these do not require treatment. However, some arrhythmias require treatment including medications and/or direct current cardioversion (DCCV) to restore the patient’s rhythm. In a recent inquiry into maternal deaths in the United Kingdom (UK), DCCV was not applied consistently and may have resulted in maternal deaths. This study aimed to understand practice surrounding DCCV in the UK, assessing which arrhythmias occurred and how they were treated. In addition, they evaluated outcomes associated with obstetric and neonatal health, including the use of fetal monitoring and whether there were cases where DCCV caused harm to the fetus.
Occipital Nerve Block Compared With Acetaminophen and Caffeine for Headache Treatment in Pregnancy
Authors: Bushman E.T. , Blanchard C.T. , Cozzi G.D. , Davis A.M. , Sinkey R.G. ,   et al
Published: May 2024

(Obstet Gynecol. 2023;142:1179–1188)
Tension and migraine headaches affect a significant portion of individuals of reproductive age and are a common complaint during pregnancy. Unfortunately, headache treatment during pregnancy can be difficult because of the effect of some treatments on fetal health and a fear of masking secondary headaches that could be related to pregnancy complications such as pre-eclampsia. One treatment that has been established as effective in a nonobstetric population is occipital nerve block, which involves a subcutaneous injection of local anesthetic into the area surrounding the occipital nerves. The local anesthetics typically used are consistent with those used in epidural analgesia during labor and delivery, and thus are theoretically safe in pregnant individuals. This study was designed to assess the efficacy of occipital nerve block treatment for acute headache in pregnancy compared with standard care.
Ethnic Disparities in Obstetric Anesthesia Care in England: Parallels and Paradoxes With Care in the United States
Authors: Lee A.J. , Palanisamy A. 
Published: May 2024

(Anaesthesia. 2023;78:799–802)
The majority of studies on ethnic disparities in health care environments originate in the United States, where access to care and other factors make the health care experience different for every individual. It has been unclear whether these disparities exist in countries with a more consistently available health care system, such as the United Kingdom. This article comments on a recent study about ethnic disparities in the obstetric anesthesia population in the United Kingdom.
Obstetric Anesthesia Manpower and Service Provision Issues: Introduction and European Perspective
Authors: Guasch E. , Ioscovich A. , Brogly N. , Orbach-Zinger S. , Kranke P. , Morau E. , Gilsanz F. 
Published: May 2024

(Int J Obstet Anesth. 2023;55:103647)
The global perspective on obstetric anesthesia emphasizes the critical role of universal health coverage, particularly during the COVID-19 pandemic. The United Nations prioritizes achieving 80% global universal health coverage by 2030, recognizing the substantial gaps in emergency and essential surgical and anesthesia care. The shortage of health care workers, especially in low-income and middle-income countries (LMIC), is evident, focusing on the lack of anesthesia physicians. In Europe, standards for physician anesthesia providers are currently achieved, but concerns persist about workforce challenges. Obstetric anesthesia practices vary globally, and efforts to address shortages include fellowship programs to enhance competency and efficiency. Examples from European countries, such as Israel, demonstrate diverse approaches to training obstetric anesthesiologists, aiming to ensure quality care amid workforce challenges. The Israel Obstetric Anesthesia Society actively contributes to education and training, highlighting the ongoing need for improvement in aligning standards with daily practice.
High-Volume Patient-Controlled Epidural Versus Programmed Intermittent Epidural Bolus for Labor Analgesia: A Randomized Controlled Study
Authors: Roofthooft E. , Filetici N. , Van Houwe M. , Van Houwe P. , Barbé A. , Fieuws S. , Rex S. , Wong C.A. , Van de Velde M. 
Published: May 2024

(Anaesthesia. 2023;78(9):1129–1138)
Neuraxial labor analgesia is a well-established and effective method for managing pain during labor. The initiation of analgesia through epidural or combined spinal-epidural methods can be followed by various maintenance techniques, including continuous epidural infusion, manual intermittent boluses, patient-controlled epidural analgesia (PCEA), programmed intermittent epidural bolus (PIEB), or a combination of these approaches. Adding PCEA to a continuous infusion was long-favored, demonstrating benefits such as reduced breakthrough pain incidents, lower local anesthetic consumption without compromising efficacy, and heightened patient satisfaction compared with continuous epidural infusion.
ASSESSMENT OF HYPERTENSIVE PATIENTS’ COMPLEX METABOLIC STATUS IN THE NORTHEASTERN REGION OF HUNGARY USING DATA MINING METHODS
Authors: Kovacs Beata , Nemeth Akos , Daroczy Balint , Karanyi Zsolt , Maroda Laszlo , Zrinyi Miklos , Dioszegi Agnes , Nadro Biborka , Szabo Tamas , Harangi Mariann , Pall Denes 
Published: May 2024

Objective:
Previously, the metabolic status of Central and Eastern European hypertensive adult patients has not been thoroughly explored. Therefore, we aimed to identify the prevalence of hypertension and its associated metabolic abnormalities in a relatively large adult population using data mining methods.

Design and method:
We analyzed the data of adults who visited the University of Debrecen Clinical Center’s hospital (n = 937,249) by evaluating a period of 20 years (2001-2021).

Results:
We identified a total of 292,561 adults with hypertension (male/female: 45.4/54.6%), with a 31.2% calculated prevalence of hypertension in the whole study population and a higher prevalence in males (33%) compared to females (29.9%). We found an increasing prevalence in consecutive age groups both in males and females up to the age of 80. The ratio of males with hypertension was higher from 18 to 65 years of age. Markedly higher body mass index (BMI) values were found in hypertensive patients as compared to non-hypertensives (29.5±6.3 vs. 26.57±5.6 kg/m2, p<0.001). A significantly higher triglyceride level was found in hypertensive adults compared to non-hypertensives (1.46 (1.06–2.07) vs. 1.19 (0.82–1.73 mmol/L, p<0.001). We could not find significant differences in total cholesterol and LDL-C levels in the entire patient population (5.1±1.2 vs. 5.0±1.2 mmol/L and 3.1±0.99 vs. 3.1±1.0 mmol/L, respectively). Significantly higher serum glucose levels (5.8 (5.2–6.9) vs. 4.7 (4.6–5.8) mmol/L, p<0.001) were found in subjects with hypertension. Significantly higher urea and creatinine levels were found in hypertensive patients compared to normotensives (5.78 (4.6–7.5) vs. 4.6 (3.7–5.7) mmol/L, p<0.001 and 76 (64–92) vs. 69 (59–81) μmol/L, p<0.001, respectively). Furthermore, we also assessed the rate of significant concomitant diseases in our hypertensive population.

Conclusions:
The results proved that data mining is an excellent yet not-too-widespread method used to define prevalence in large patient cohorts. This novel way of statistical analysis could be beneficial not only for regional clinical practice but nationwide strategies as well.