bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis of reading eye movements with Tobii 1750TM eye tracker in AMD patients pre and post op ranibizumab (LucentisTM) treatment
Authors: KÄLLMARK F 
Published: November 2010

Abstract Purpose In age‐related macular degeneration (AMD), the main deficit is the loss of reading ability. The neovascular form of age‐related macular degeneration (AMD) is the leading cause of irreversible vision loss in the developed world among people over 50 years of age. With ranibizumab (Lucentis) a new efficient drug treatment has now become available. However, despite good outcome of visual acuity, patients often reports affected reading ability. A new technique to study reading performance and eye‐movements has been developed (Tobii eye tracker)and the aim of this project was to evaluate, by using the Tobii eye tracker, if patients with neovascular AMD, treated with Lucentis, gained a better reading ability. Methods Fourteen patients, with subfoveal neovascular AMD who after clinical examination was assessed for treatment with intravitrial Lucentis, were recruited. All had, before and after treatment, their reading speed, comprehension, fixations, saccadic eye movements (number of saccades per word and saccade amplitude)measured with the Tobii Eye tracker while reading two texts with an equal readability rating. Results For all eye movement parameters, except the number of regressions per word, there was no statistically significant difference when comparing the results from before and after treatment.There was a statistically significant increase in the number of regressions per word after treatment as well as increased visual acuity. Conclusion An increased VA will not necessarily equal an increased reading ability.Reading should therefor be tested in order to fully understand a patient’s complaints. The results also show that the Tobii system is suitable for evaluation of reading performance in a clinical setting.
Evaluation of oxidative stress on patients with age‐related macular degeneration
Authors: QUINTYN JC , GALINIER A , CASPAR‐BAUBIL S , PERIQUET B 
Published: November 2010

Abstract Purpose To investigate the state of stress oxidation on age macular degeneration patients using a biological test named “KRL”. Methods This prospective study is on age macular degeneration patients with active form. No one had vitamin supplementation. The KRL testevaluates the resistance generated under standardized conditions to lyses of red blood cells treated by free radicals. We used the KRL test to evaluate the global oxidation stress on 21 patients and on 21 control patients. Results are expressed as the time that is required to reach 50% of maximal haemolysis (half‐haemolysis time, in minutes), the lower the results, the lower antioxidant capacity. Results The both groups are similar for age, sex, BMI, smoking status. The mean of red cell half time is 83,54 (SD:6.99) min for the control group and 77,81 (sd=6.29); min for the patients group. A significant haemolysis is noticed between the control group and the patients group (p<0.001). Conclusion AREDS study reported the benefit action of antioxidants against age macular degeneration. The protective mechanisms against oxidative RPE damage decrease dramatically in age macular degeneration patients. We demonstrated age macular degeneration patients have a diminution of overall antioxidant defence too. KRL test is an easy test which might use to determine the predisposed patients. The age macular degeneration patients have an increased oxidative stress. Age macular degeneration may be not only a local disease but a systemic disease too.
Recurrence of posterior polymorphous corneal dystrophy is caused by the overgrowth of the original diseased endothelium
Authors: MERJAVA S , MALINOVA E , LISKOVA P , ZEMANOVA Z , MICHALOVA K , JIRSOVA K 
Published: November 2010

Abstract Purpose To establish the origin of cells causing the recurrence of posterior polymorphous corneal dystrophy (PPCD). Methods A corneal explant obtained from a male patient suffering from PPCD, who had undergone repeat penetrating keratoplasty (female donor), was examined. Cytokeratin (CK) 19 was detected using indirect immunofluorescence to confirm the presence of abnormal epithelial‐like cells on the endothelial layer. The origin of these CK19‐positive aberrant cells was then determined using fluorescence in situ hybridization of the X and Y chromosomes. Results Two out of 559 cells evaluated (0.4%) were XX positive and CK19‐negative throughout the pathological explant. 99.6% of the endothelial cells were positive for CK19 and exhibited XY staining. These results indicate that the abnormal endothelial cells, which overgrew the posterior surface of the explant within 3.5 years, originated from the patient (XY) but not from the donor tissue (XX). Extreme aggressivity of the cells could be clinically correlated with the finding of retrocorneal membrane on the iris, anterior synechiae, corectopia and secondary glaucoma. Conclusion PPCD recurrence is caused by the abnormal proliferation and migration of the patient’s aberrant endothelium, which remained localized at the periphery of the original cornea, into the donor graft. The presence of retrocorneal membrane prior to the surgery should be considered as an indication of potential aggressive behavior of these cells and it should be taken into consideration prior to the indication of corneal grafting.
Effects of amniotic membrane suspension in corneal epithelialization
Authors: CHOI JA , JOO CK 
Published: November 2010

Abstract Purpose To define the biochemical role of amniotic membrane (AM) suspensions on corneal epithelial wound healing, particularly with regards to epithelial proliferation Methods ELISAs were used to measure the concentrations of mitogenic growth factors in AM suspensions compared to human serum. Human corneal epithelial cells (HCECs) were cultured in medium with AM suspension (5%, 30%), negative and positive control. Migration assays and immunocytochemical staining of cell adhesion molecules were conducted. The relative expression of MMP9 and adhesion molecules and the proliferation assay using BrdU incorporation and Western blot analysis for PCNA were determined. Results ELISAs showed that our AM suspension contained large amount of HGF, EGF, KGF, FGF, especially large amount of HGF, followed by EGF compared to human serum. On migration assay, migration rates enhanced as the concentrations of AM increased, with statistical significant changes seen in AM 30% and positive control compared to negative control (P<0.05). RT‐PCR and Western blot revealed that the expression of MMP9 was upregulated by AM, and the expressions of E‐cadherin and fibronectin were downregulated by AM. Upon immunocytochemistry, large quantities of E‐cadherin were detected near the wound edges in the AM‐treated groups. On the proliferation assay, the BrdU positive cell counts / total cell counts (labeling index) were augmented by AM to a statistically significant degree. On Western blot analysis, the expression of PCNA was increased gradually with increasing AM concentration. Conclusion The suspension form of AM contains large amount of growth factors and maintains its beneficial effect on corneal epithelial wound healing in vitro, especially in corneal epithelial migration and proliferation.
Toxic keratopathy associated with abuse of topical anesthesic
Authors: EGEA ESTOPINAN C , PRIETO CALVO E , GUERRI MONCLUS N , FERNANDEZ PEREZ S , BRITO SUAREZ C , SANCHEZ PEREZ A , IDOIPE CORTA M 
Published: November 2010

Abstract Purpose OBJETIVE: To describe the clinical course and treatment of toxic keratopathy associated with abuse of tocical anethetic Methods CASE REPORT: A 46‐year old male patient with blurred vision and irritated both eyes was referred to the ophthalmology emergency. On initial examination, the right and left best‐corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was 0,05 and 0,1 respectively.Under slit‐lamp microscope, central corneal epithelial defect with underlying infiltrative and opaque stroma was observed in both eyes. Three weeks before, the patient used oxybuprocaine eye drops frequently Results RESULTS: We prescribed topical antibiotics and therapeutic contact lens but the patient did not used these treatment. And finally we practised a penetrating keratoplasty in both eyes Conclusion CONCLUSIONS: Toxic keratopathy may result form abuse of topically administered anesthetics. The topical anesthetics must be used very cautiously because these can produced important damages
Meibomian glands diagnostic expressibility: a new diagnostic medical device
Authors: CELLINI M , CELLINI L , VERSURA P , CAMPOS EC 
Published: November 2010

Abstract Purpose To assess the expressibility of the meibomian gland we proposed a new diagnostic tool. We evaluated the use of the instrument by assessing the time of the meibomian gland expressibility and the intraocular pressure change in two groups of healthy patients. Methods We selected two groups of patients divided according to age. The first group consisted of 45 subjects aged between 20 and 30 years (mean 28 ±4.5 yrs) and a second group (group B) of 45 subjects aged between 40 and 50 years (mean 46±3.8 yrs). Meibomian gland evaluations were performed using a standardized technique with an evolved new diagnostic instrument patented in Italy. The instrument has a rectangular contact surface area of 40.57 mm2. The head surface is covered with a plastic film that is changed at each examination. The instrument exerts a constant pressure of 1.2 gr/mm2 under piezoelectric control. We evaluated the time to onset of fluid at the orifices of the meibomian glands and changes of intraocular pressure (IOP) after compression of the lower eyelid with applanation tonometry. Results In the group A and in group B the time to onset the fluid was 3.69±1.22 vs. 6.62±1.39 sec. (p<0.001). The IOP before and after compression of the eyelid was 14±1.13 vs. 23.4±2.0 mm/Hg (p<0.001). The mean number of meibomian gland secretion in each third of the lower eyelid were significantly different (p<0.001). Temporal: 1.29±0.13, central: 2.72±0.11, nasal: 3.51±0.14. Conclusion Our custom diagnostic meibomian gland expression instrument that is an evolution of other proposed devices has proved effective in evaluating the expressibility of the meibomian gland with a small increase of the intraocular pressure.
Mebomian gland dysfunction and hypercholesterolemia
Authors: PINNA A , ZINELLU A , GIACOBONI M , BLASETTI F , CARTA F 
Published: November 2010

Abstract Purpose To investigate a possible correlation between Mebomian gland dysfunction (MGD) and hypercholesterolemia (total cholesterol ≥200 mg/dL). Methods Fasting blood cholesterol was measured in 35 MGD patients (mean age 47±14 years) with no history of hypercholesterolemia and in 35 control subjects (mean age 44±12 years) without MGD and no history of hypercholesterolemia, all accrued in September‐November 2009. Subjects aged <18 years or >65 years were excluded from this study Results Hypercholesterolemia was found in 19 (54.3%) cases and 4 (11.4%) controls. Mean cholesterol was 211±38 mg/dL in cases and 160±33 mg/dL in controls. Both differences were statistically significant (P<0.001). Conclusion Results suggest that middle‐aged MGD patients with no history of hypercholesterolemia may have higher blood cholesterol levels than controls of similar age without MGD. If these results are confirmed by larger studies, MGD may become a marker of previously unknown hypercholesterolemia and ophthalmologists may increase their role in the early diagnosis of an important risk factor for coronary heart disease and other atherosclerotic diseases.
Cell proliferation studies of novel biomaterials to be used as synthetic keratoprosthesis skirts
Authors: TAN A , MEHTA J 
Published: November 2010

Abstract Purpose In vitro studies of human cornea stroma keratocyte proliferation and cytokine secretion on the various kerato‐prosthesis skirt material. In the development of an artificial cornea, an appropriate skirt material which encourages keratocytes proliferation is important to help wound healing and integration. Epidermal growth factor (EGF), insulin growth factor (IGF‐1) and hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) stimulate corneal keratocytes proliferation. IGF‐1 and EGF have an anti‐apoptotic effect of keratocytes. Conclusion: Methods Three materials were studied: Hydroxyappatite (HA), titanium substate (TiO2) and aluminium oxide substrate (Al2O3). Corneal stromal were seeded on top of these materials for EDU image assay and real time PCR analysing. Conditioned cell culture medium was collected for cytokine array. Results Cytokine array showed the levels of EGF, IGF‐1 and HGF were no statistical significance among the HA, TiO2 and Al2O3. RT‐PCR, showed that the expression level of EGF, IGF‐1 and HGF were highest with TiO2 substrates and lowest with HA substrates with statistical significance. Edu assay showed a comparable number of proliferating cells on the HA and TiO2 with significantly more cells on the Al2O3 dics. Conclusion TiO2 is a comparable material to HA at promoting corneal keratocytes proliferation, hence is a possible alternative material to generate synthetic keratoprosthetic skirts.
23‐gauge versus 20‐gauge vitrectomy for diabetic vitreous hemorrhage
Authors: IVASTINOVIC D , VELIKAY‐PAREL M , HAAS A , EL‐SHABRAWI Y , NEUWIRTH R , ARDJOMAND N , WEDRICH A 
Published: November 2010

Abstract Purpose To compare 23‐gauge and 20‐gauge vitrectomy for diabetic vitreous hemorrhage (VH) regarding postoperative VH (PVH), re‐operation rates, visual acuity (VA) and safety profiles. Methods This was a retrospective chart review of diabetic patients who underwent 20‐gauge or 23‐gauge vitrectomy for persistent VH at our unit between January 2004 and June 2009. Exclusion criteria were silicone oil or gas tamponade, prior vitrectomies, perioperative injection of anti‐vascular endothelial growth factor and a follow up less than 12 months. PVH was classified as early and late PVH occurring within and >2 months after surgery. Samples were compared with independent t test and Mann‐Whitney‐U test depending on distribution. Categorical data were compared with Fisher exact test. Results Hundred and six eyes met our inclusion criteria. Sixty one eyes underwent 20‐gauge and forty six 23‐gauge vitrectomy. Early PVH was observed in 27.8% and 20% in the 20‐gauge and 23‐gauge group, respectively (p=0.44). Late PVH was noted in 24.6% and 22.2% using 20‐gauge and 23‐gauge system (0.83). Re‐operation rates due to early and late PVH were similar among the groups. Final VA averaged 0.71 and 0.68 logMAR in the 20‐gauge and 23‐gauge group (p=0.81). Postoperative hypotony was observed in 8.9% of cases in the 23‐gauge group. Rhegmatogeneous retinal detachment occurred in one eye in each group. Conclusion 23‐gauge vitrectomy is a viable method for diabetic VH providing similar anatomical and functional outcome like after conventional 20‐gauge vitrectomy. The safety profile is acceptable since postoperative hypotony resolved in all cases without intervention.
The MIVI‐007 Trial – phase III evaluation of single intravitreous injection of microplasmin or placebo for treatment of focal vitreomacular adhesion
Authors: VAN CALSTER J , ON BEHALF OF THE MIVI‐007 INVESTIGATORS  
Published: November 2010

Abstract Purpose Focal vitreomacular adhesion (fVMA) can result in vitreomacular traction syndrome and macular hole, and is associated with more severe disease in other conditions such as diabetic retinopathy and AMD. The MIVI‐007 trial was a Phase III study to evaluate single injection microplasmin (generic name ocriplasmin) for treatment of fVMA. Methods A Phase III, randomized, placebo controlled, double‐masked clinical trial was designed to investigate intravitreal microplasmin 125 µg in eyes with symptomatic focal VMA. Exclusion criteria included proliferative retinopathy, MH diameter >400um, and prior RD/macular laser/vitrectomy. Subjects were randomized to microplasmin or placebo intravitreous injection (allocation ratio 3:1). Primary endpoint was nonsurgical resolution of fVMA at day 28, determined by Central Reading Centre OCT evaluation. Secondary endpoints included total PVD at day 28, nonsurgical MH closure, nonsurgical VA improvement, and VFQ‐25. Eyes were followed for 6 months. Results 326 eyes were treated. Mean age at baseline was 72 yo, with 68% Female. In addition to focal VMA, 20% had full‐thickness MH (mean MH diameter 300um). The mean baseline BCVA was 64 letters. Endpoint results and 6 month safety results will be presented. Conclusion In Phase II clinical trials, microplasmin has been associated with nonsurgical resolution of focal VMA and MH closure. This Phase III program is the largest trial ever conducted to evaluate a pharmacologic intervention for treatment of focal vitreomacular adhesion.
Vitrectomy for epiretinal membrane in eyes with a preoperative visual acuity ≥ 20/40 (0.3 LogMAR)
Authors: BERROD JP , SAYEN A , HUBERT I 
Published: November 2010

Abstract Purpose To evaluate the functional and anatomical outcomes of vitrectomy for epiretinal membrane (ERM) in eyes with a preoperative (acuity (VA) ≥ 0,3 LogMAR (20/40) . Methods Sixty‐seven of sixty‐six consecutive patients that undergone surgery for an idiopathic ERM were studied retrospectively. A combined surgery was performed on phakic eyes (n=45). The other eyes were all pseudophakic (n=22). All patients underwent ERM and internal limiting membrane removal by using 20 (n=19) or 23‐gauge (n=48) vitrectomy. The main studied criteria were preoperative and postoperative best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), preoperative and postoperative central macular thickness (CMT) and integrity of junction between inner and outer segments of photoreceptors (IS/OS junction) evaluated with OCT. Results The mean preoperative VA was 0.28 logMAR (range 0.15 logMAR to 0.3 logMAR). The mean VA improved to 0.19 logMAR at a mean of 27 months following surgery (p<0.0001). 71,6 % patients recovered visual acuity ≥ 0,1 logMAR (20/25). The mean preoperative CMT was 367 μm and the mean postoperative CMT was 304 μm . No correlation between postoperative BCVA and postoperative central macular thickness was noted (p=0.46). The preoperative integrity of the IS/OS line correlated with postoperative BCVA (p=0.004) but not with BCVA improvement (p=0.177). Conclusion Vitrectomy for epiretinal membrane is a safe and effective procedure that provides VA ≥ 0,1 LogMAR in 71,6% eyes with relatively good preoperative VA ( ≥ 0,3 LogMAR).Besides the baseline VA, the integrity of the IS/OS line can be used to predict excellent functional outcomes after surgery.
New method of lasercoagulation in treatment of retinoschisis
Authors: BAGDASAROVA T 
Published: November 2010

Abstract Purpose Retinoschisis is a minimum retinal splitting of retina which is seen in ophthalmoscopy. Methods Laser treatment was conducted on 60 eyes. 30 eyes were with 2nd stage of process, 20 with 3rd stage. Diode laser “Milon Lachta” was used. Radiation parameters were as follows: wave‐length – 0,83 mkm, radiation power 350‐850 mWt, exposition 0.2 s, diameter of spot pointing was 150‐200 mkm. In 5 days we carried out our method of staged advancing laser coagulation beginning from retinal macular zone along all cyst area and along vessels. As intraretinal fluid was diminishing we moved to periphery till full blockage of limited area of retinoschisis or complete intraretinal fluid resorption. As criteria of positive laser action we considered cyst flattening and visible in ophthalmoscopy intraretinal fluid resorption with the appearance of distinct border between retina without fluid and retinoschisis with coagulant pigmentation. Results Success is connected with technical biologic peculiarities of diode laser action on retinaand choroid and with method of laser coagulation application. Conclusion Success is connected with technical biologic peculiarities of diode laser action on retinaand choroid and with method of laser coagulation application.
Natural evolution of idiopathic lamellar macular holes
Authors: GARCIA FERNANDEZ M , CASTRO J , SLIESORAITYTE I , GONZALEZ CASTANO C 
Published: November 2010

Abstract Purpose To analize the natural course of patients with idiopathic lamellar macular hole (LMH), based on their optical coherence tomography (OCT) configuration and visual prognosis. Methods A retrospective observational case series study was performed, in 19 eyes (17 patients) over a period of 5 years. A number of factors were analized, including: best visual corrected acuity (BVCA), refractive error, lens status, presence of epirretinal membranes (ERM) and other alterations identified by OCT, and the size of the lamellar defects (diameter, residual foveal thickness, perifoveal thickness). Results Most of them were unilateral defects, and were found in elderly women. More than 50% were found to be myopic patients and 90% of them had cataracts. Fifty‐ per cent of all lamellar defects had an associated ERM. Other alterations like vitreomacular traction syndrome and posterior vitreous detachment were less frequent. No significant differences were found regarding size of the lamellar defects, nor BCVA during the follow‐up period (p>0.05), except those who underwent cataract surgery, who experienced a significant increase of their BCVA (p<0.05), and one patient who developed a full‐thickness macular hole. The presence of ERM was significantly correlated with greater residual foveal thickness (p<0.05). Conclusion According to our study, most of LMH do not progress, and they do not contribute to a diminished BCVA. Frequently, LMH are associated with cataracts and ERM. Hence, a reduction in BCVA in these patients can be related to the mentioned concomitant eye diseases, and should be taken into account before surgery.
Histology of vitreous floaters, after removal by pars plana vitrectomy
Authors: VAN GINDERDEUREN R , STALMANS P , VAN CALSTER J 
Published: November 2010

Abstract Purpose To investigate the histopathology of vitreous floaters. Methods Ten consecutive (10) patients with vitreous floaters creating visual disturbance and affecting their daily life underwent 23G vitrectomy. First, a core vitrectomy was performed. If not already present, a posterior vitreous detachment was created. Next, a shaving of the vitreous base was done. All the aspirated fluid was collected in the vitrectomy cassette and fixed in Cytorich Red. After fixation, the fluid was centrifugated and the pellet was embedded in paraffin and sectioned and stained routinely for microscopy with H&E and PAS. Immunostainings for lymphocytes (CD3, CD20), macrophages (CD68) and retinal (nse) and glial tissue (gfap) were performed. Results In all cases sufficient material was collected for histology. The vitreous core consisted of fine fibrillar tissue in which floaters were recognised as a small fragment of glial tissue with cells with fibrillar cytoplasm, staining specifically for gfap. In most cases macrophages were randomly and diffuse present. Conclusion Vitreous floaters seem to originate from glial origin