bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fabrication and characterization of microemulsion of some insecticides and evaluating their efficacy against cotton leaf worm on cotton crop under laboratory and field conditions
Authors: Derbalah Aly , Morsy Saad , El‐Zahi El‐Zahi S. , Zidan Mohmmed , Alfuhaid Nawal Abdulaziz , Hamza Amany , Abdeldayem Sherif 
Published: May 2024

AbstractTraditional pesticide formulations have some shortcomings, including limited efficacy and the usage of huge amounts of insecticide, which has a negative impact on the environment. Using nano‐pesticide formulations reduces the amount of pesticide applied, minimizing pest control expenses and environmental contamination. As a result, this study was conducted to develop a microemulsion formulation containing emamectin benzoate or beta‐cyfluthrin with improved morphology, droplet size, emulsion stability, and persistence of foam. Moreover to assess the efficacy of the developed microemulsion in comparison to the convention alone against the Egyptian cotton leaf worm, Spodoptera littoralis (Boisd.) under both laboratory and field conditions. The results showed that the optimum conditions for emamectin benzoate microemulsion was 2% active ingredient, 5% (w/w) ethyl acetate, and DMF (3:2), 3.5% (w/w) Geronol ff4 and Etocas 35 (6:1), 5% (w/w) ethanol, and 86.5% (w/w) water, while for beta‐cyfluthrin, a 5.0% active ingredient, 15% (w/w) Solvesso 100 and ethyl acetate (2:1), 7.0% (w/w) Geronol ff4 and Etocas 35 (6:1), 10% (w/w) ethanol, and 68% (w/w) water. Under laboratory conditions, emamectin benzoate was more toxic than beta‐cyfluthrin to Spodoptera littoralis second and fourth instar larvae. Emamectin benzoate was more effective that beta‐cyfluthrin against Spodoptera littoralis in the field, whether as a microemulsion or a commercial product. Thus, microemulsions of tested insecticides with better formulation qualities may be more effective than traditional ones in controlling cotton leaf worm.
RETRACTED: Comparative study of the ciliary body and iris morphology in the anterior eye chamber of five different vertebrate classes
Authors: Seleem Amin A. , Badr Amira H. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractOne crucial component of the optical system is the ciliary body (CB). This body secretes the aqueous humour, which is essential to maintain the internal eye pressure as well as the clearness of the lens and cornea. The histological study was designed to provide the morphological differences of CB and iris in the anterior eye chambers of the following vertebrate classes: fish (grass carp), amphibians (Arabian toad), reptiles (semiaquatic turtle, fan‐footed gecko, ocellated skink, Egyptian spiny‐tailed lizard, Arabian horned viper), birds (common pigeon, common quail, common kestrel), and mammals (BALB/c mouse, rabbit, golden hamster, desert hedgehog, lesser Egyptian jerboa, Egyptian fruit bat). The results showed distinct morphological appearances of the CB and iris in each species, ranging from fish to mammals. The present comparative study concluded that the morphological structure of the CB and iris is the adaptation of species to either their lifestyle or survival in specific habitats.
Evaluation and 3D imaging of mineral structure changes of the rabbit (New Zealand) skull during developmental periods
Authors: Kanmaz Yeşim Aslan , Baygeldi Saime Betül , Güzel Barış Can , Yılmaz Yücehan , Karan Meryem , Hark Betül Dağoğlu , Yılmaz Sadık 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis study aimed to determine the morphometric measurements anatomically and CT images of skulls of healthy male and female rabbits during postnatal development, to analyse the data statistically and to demonstrate the structural changes in bone. A total of 40 rabbits (20 females and 20 males) were divided into four groups including prepubertal period (group I (0–1 month)), period between adolescence and adulthood (group II (3‐5 month)) and later (young adult period as group III (1–3 years) and old adult period as group IV (3–5 years)), with five animals in each group. After the morphometric measurements, the surface area and volume values of the skull were calculated. The skulls were reconstructed using a 3D Slicer (5.0.2), which is used for 3D modelling. The cranial bones in each group were then crushed using a grinder so that the powdered samples were obtained for XRF (X‐ray fluorescence technique). The p‐value was statistically highly significant between group and gender (p < 0.001). In morphometric measurements, males were generally higher than females. Only PL, GBOC and GNB measurements were higher in females. The p‐value between groups (in all measurements), between genders (in TL, GLN, FL, VL, OZB and GBN parameters) and between groups and genders (in TL, DL and VL parameters) was statistically highly significant (p < 0.001). The p‐value between the groups, p‐value between sexes and p‐value between group and sex in Si, P, K, Ca, Ni, Zn, Sr, Sr and Ca/P elements were statistically significant (p < 0.001). Consequently, metric, volume and surface area measurements were taken through 3D modelling of skull bone in prepubertal period (group I), period between adolescence and adulthood (group II) and later (young adult period as group III and old adult period as group IV) of rabbits and the change in the mineral structure during postnatal development and effect of sex on this change were investigated. This might be the first study to assess both metric and mineral changes at four age intervals taken during the life span of rabbits.
Light microscopic morphology of blood cells of non‐descript indigenous Zoar chicken of Mizoram, India
Authors: Doley Probal Jyoti , Sarma Kabita , Kalita Pranab Chandra , Talukdar Manmath , Kalita Arup , Sarkar Rupan , Choudhary Priyanka 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIdentifying and analysing distinct blood cells is crucial for the diagnosis and treatment of diseases in the field of biomedicine. The present study was undertaken to study the cytomorphological and cytochemical characteristics of the blood cells of Zoar, a non‐descript indigenous breed of chicken extensively reared under backyard poultry farming in Mizoram, India. For this study, 2 mL of blood samples were aseptically collected from the wings veins of 12 chickens and were processed for light microscopic study under standard protocols. The matured erythrocytes were elliptical, while the immature erythrocytes appeared oval. The heterophils were positive for SBB (SBB), Periodic Acid Schiff (PAS), acid phosphatase, alkaline phosphatase and Arylsulphatase while the eosinophils were positive for SBB, PAS, alkaline phosphatase, cytochrome oxidase and peroxidase. The basophils of were positive for toluidine blue while the thrombocytes were positive for PAS. These cytochemical and cytoenzymatic staining properties plays a very important role in diagnosis, differentiation, and classification of leukaemias.
Does a lack of emotions make chatbots unfit to be psychotherapists?
Authors: Rahsepar Meadi Mehrdad , Bernstein Justin S. , Batelaan Neeltje , van Balkom Anton J. L. M. , Metselaar Suzanne 
Published: May 2024

AbstractMental health chatbots (MHCBs) designed to support individuals in coping with mental health issues are rapidly advancing. Currently, these MHCBs are predominantly used in commercial rather than clinical contexts, but this might change soon. The question is whether this use is ethically desirable. This paper addresses a critical yet understudied concern: assuming that MHCBs cannot have genuine emotions, how this assumption may affect psychotherapy, and consequently the quality of treatment outcomes. We argue that if MHCBs lack emotions, they cannot have genuine (affective) empathy or utilise countertransference. Consequently, this gives reason to worry that MHCBs are (a) more liable to harm and (b) less likely to benefit patients than human therapists. We discuss some responses to this worry and conclude that further empirical research is necessary to determine whether these worries are valid. We conclude that, even if these worries are valid, it does not mean that we should never use MHCBs. By discussing the broader ethical debate on the clinical use of chatbots, we point towards how further research can help us establish ethical boundaries for how we should use mental health chatbots.
Creating wildlife habitat using artificial structures: a review of their efficacy and potential use in solar farms
Authors: Boscarino‐Gaetano Remo , Vernes Karl , Nordberg Eric J. 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACTThe biodiversity crisis is exacerbated by a growing human population modifying nearly three‐quarters of the Earth's land surface area for anthropogenic uses. Habitat loss and modification represent the largest threat to biodiversity and finding ways to offset species decline has been a significant undertaking for conservation. Landscape planning and conservation strategies can enhance habitat suitability for biodiversity in human‐modified landscapes. Artificial habitat structures such as artificial reefs, nest boxes, chainsaw hollows, artificial burrows, and artificial hibernacula have all been successfully implemented to improve species survival in human‐modified and fragmented landscapes. As the global shift towards renewable energy sources continues to rise, the development of photovoltaic systems is growing exponentially. Large‐scale renewable projects, such as photovoltaic solar farms have large space requirements and thus have the potential to displace local wildlife. We discuss the feasibility of ‘conservoltaic systems’ – photovoltaic systems that incorporate elements tailored specifically to enhance wildlife habitat suitability and species conservation. Artificial habitat structures can potentially lessen the impacts of industrial development (e.g., photovoltaic solar farms) through strategic landscape planning and an understanding of local biodiversity requirements to facilitate recolonization.
Meeting the Religious Other
Authors: La Mela Vera 
Published: May 2024

AbstractDialogue and engaging with the religious Other are essential questions that warrant even greater attention in the Christian communities at large. In 2020, the World Council of Churches and the Pontifical Council for Interreligious Dialogue jointly published a document on interreligious solidarity titled Serving a Wounded World in Interreligious Solidarity: A Christian Call to Reflection and Action During COVID‐19 and Beyond. This document serves as an exhortation for Christians and all people of goodwill to collaborate and cultivate a world where fraternity and the unwavering dignity of every human being motivate our actions. Meanwhile, the document offers a comprehensive account of a Christian approach to religious diversity, which can prove very valuable for the faith communities. This article discusses the document through the lens of the philosophies of dialogue presented by David Bohm and Martin Buber. It analyzes how the document portrays the approach to the religious Other and the principles that underpin encounters and dialogue with them.
Shareholder litigation risk and stock returns
Authors: Luo Di 
Published: May 2024

AbstractExamining the staggered adoption of universal demand (UD) laws as an exogenous shock to shareholder litigation risk, we show that firms have lower stock returns following that adoption in a difference‐in‐differences (DID) design and Fama and MacBeth (1973) regression. Sorting stocks into UD laws portfolios, we show that firms adopting UD laws earn lower risk‐adjusted returns than those who do not. Further, the relation between UD laws and returns is more pronounced when firms face financial constraints, CEOs engage in high risk taking, or takeover protection is low.
Early career mobility and health and wellbeing of female doctorate holders: A narrative review of the international literature
Authors: Álvarez Inma , Horáčková Clare , Vseteckova Jitka 
Published: May 2024

AbstractWhile in the last decade gender research has shown great interest in problems around work–life balance for women and the implications for their career mobility, the links between these and women's health and wellbeing have not been fully examined. This article reviews international research undertaken between 1980 and 2020 on the early career period of female doctorate holders. The focus is on the early career mobility (career progression as well as international, disciplinary, and sectorial mobility) of women with doctorates and the connections between their mobility and their physical and mental health and wellbeing. Guided by feminist theories on recurrent institutionalized and legitimized gender inequalities, our review identifies the establishment of inequity during the early career period for female doctoral graduates inside and outside academia and associates this with imbalances in mobility patterns, which are directly connected with their personal lives. The evidence found also suggests that women's health and wellbeing is mostly negatively impacted by these circumstances which may be contributing to women leaving academia or employment. Some improvements at institutional level are recommended as well as the need to continue challenging perceptions of gender roles and responsibilities.
Responding to economic abuse: An institutional logics analysis of feminist activism
Authors: Benjamin Orly , Yassour‐Borochowitz Dalit , Barzilay Arianne Renan 
Published: May 2024

AbstractEconomic abuse (EA)—intimate partners' efforts to control women's economic resources—still suffers from ambiguous legal recognition. Even in countries with legal recognition, state allocation of resources for support remains meager. We suggest that Israeli state welfare organizations (SWOs) employees have developed their professional response to EA along two distinct value sets—a dominant institutional logic in their respective organizations and a more covert feminist institutional logic encountered in collaborations with feminist Non Governmental Organizations. Using a framework of multiple institutional logics, in interviews with 48 SWO employees, we map the multiple institutional logics that cultivate responses to EA survivors and show that elements of feminist understanding and practices on EA permeate SWOs' practices. The existence of a feminist institutional logic creates a path for exploring whether the feminist impact is significant in enabling committed responses to EA even while no institutional change is achieved.
Comparative metabolomics study on the quality of Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba) stored at different temperatures
Authors: Ma Xinyu , Su Dong , Zhu Jiancheng , Miao Junkui , Liu Xiaofang , Leng Kailiang , Wang Xixi , Xie Wancui 
Published: May 2024

SummaryIn this study, the effect of short‐term storage at different temperatures (0, 4 and −8 °C) on the quality of Antarctic krill was investigated using the main quality indicators as a reference, combined with electronic nose and untargeted metabolomics. Antarctic krill stored at lower temperatures (−8 °C) were of better quality and had a flavour similar to that of the original Antarctic krill. Metabolomics analyses showed that differential metabolites (DMS) were more abundant in Antarctic krill at higher temperatures (4 °C), with sixty‐five metabolites having reduced expression and forty‐five metabolites having increased expression; Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analyses showed that amino acid metabolism and nucleotide metabolism pathways were the Five DMS, including α‐ketoglutarate, glutamate, succinate, sucrose and glutarate, can be used as potential biomarkers to monitor quality changes during short‐term storage of Antarctic krill. In addition, the association between quality indicators and differential metabolites remains to be explored.
The influence of pectinase treatments on the characteristics of pre‐treated and lyophilised sunflower meal‐whey blends
Authors: Güneş Zeynep Saliha , Raak Norbert , Corredig Milena , Gülseren İbrahim 
Published: May 2024

SummaryWhey and sunflower meals are primary by‐products of dairy cheese and vegetable oil production, respectively. Due to their widespread abundance, their valorisation could enable the generation of various value‐added food ingredients or products. In this study, an effort was made to utilise enzymatic pectinolysis along with other pre‐treatments to generate mixtures from whey and sunflower meal (SFM). The increasing presence of SFM increased the critical denaturation temperature of the mixtures and induced less protein structural changes. In addition, the presence of complex carbohydrates in SFM enhanced water and oil holding capacities. In general, pectinase and ultrasonication led to enhanced foaming of the mixtures, although the foams were relatively short‐lived. SFM inclusion limited foaming and emulsification capacities of the blends. In most cases, increasing the ratio of SFM to protein resulted in lower total reducing sugars (TRS), suggesting a more limited enzymatic activity. On the other hand, heating temperature or ultrasonication improved the extent of pectinolysis. Pre‐treatments and pectinolysis improved the functional properties of SFM and whey protein concentrate blends and are promising as an alternative protein source in new product applications.
Development of a comprehensive classification model for determining the storage day of frigate tuna (Auxis thazard) for freshness evaluation using a portable electronic nose
Authors: Madhubhashini M. Nerandi , Liyanage Chamara P. , Alahakoon Amali U. , Liyanage Rumesh Prasanga 
Published: May 2024

SummaryEnsuring the freshness of fish is essential to guaranteeing safer products for consumers. A classification model was developed using the PEN3 electronic nose to predict fish freshness with its storage day. Frigate tuna (Auxis thazard) was used for odour sampling along with the total volatile base nitrogen (TVB‐N), at 4 °C for 14 days every other day. Random forest and support vector machine (SVM) were performed to develop freshness classification models based on PEN3 data and 100% and 99.8% accuracies were obtained, respectively, in distinguishing the eight storage day classes. The PEN3 sensors including W2S, W1S, W1W, W3S, and W6S were identified as key sensors for fish freshness. TVB‐N analysis advances the freshness prediction of e‐nose and three freshness levels were identified as ‘Fresh’, applicable from the 0th to the 6th day; ‘Moderately fresh’, lasting from the 7th to the 9th day; and ‘Unsuitable for consumption’, applicable from the 10th day onwards.
Insights into the mechanism of Penicillium inoculation on microbial succession, volatile compound evolutions and sensory development of Jinhua ham
Authors: Li Danni , Li Zimu , Cao Jinxuan , Teng Wendi , Wang Ying , Pan Daodong , Xia Qiang , Sun Yangying , Du Lihui , He Jun , Wang Wei , Zhou Changyu 
Published: May 2024

SummaryTo investigate the mechanism of Penicillium inoculation on the flavour improvement of Jinhua ham, the microbial succession, free amino acid contents, volatile compound evolutions, sensory attributes and the relationship between key volatiles and sensory properties were investigated during the processing of Jinhua ham with P. aethiopicum (PA) or P. chrysogenum (PC) inoculation. The total counts of fungal communities in CK, PA and PC groups significantly increased from 2.74 log CFU*g−1 of raw ham to 5.18, 5.39 and 5.50 log CFU*g−1 from day 0 to day 28, and then decreased by 2.06, 1.94 and 1.86 log CFU*g−1 from day 28 to the final products (P < 0.001). The total contents of free amino acids significantly increased from 1584.22 mg/100 g of CK to 2117.20 mg/100 g of PA and 2174.05 mg/100 g of PC (P < 0.01); the contents of alanine, glutamic acid, lysine, valine, leucine and phenylalanine in PC were significantly higher than those of CK and PA (P < 0.05). Sensory scores of meaty aroma, nutty aroma and overall acceptance showed the largest values in PC among three groups. GC–MS results indicated that aromatic aldehydes and pyrazines in PC showed the largest increase, compared with CK and PA groups. PLS‐DA and correlation analysis demonstrated that benzaldehyde, benzeneacetaldehyde and 2,5‐dimethyl pyrazine contributed to the improvement of aroma attributes of Jinhua ham with Penicillium inoculation. The KEGG analysis further revealed that the metabolism of valine and phenylalanine was mainly involved in developing aromatic aldehydes and pyrazines of Jinhua ham with Penicillium inoculation. These results indicated that the inoculation of Penicillium could enhance the flavour quality of Jinhua ham.
Effect of preparation design and endodontic access on fracture resistance of zirconia overlays in mandibular molars: An in vitro study
Authors: Jurado Carlos A. , Afrashtehfar Kelvin I. , Robles Manuel , Alaqeely Razan S. , Alsayed Hussain D. , Lindquist Terry J. , Alhotan Abdulaziz 
Published: May 2024

AbstractPurposeTo evaluate the fracture resistance of zirconia overlays, considering various preparation designs and the presence of endodontic access.Materials and MethodsNinety translucent zirconia (5Y‐PSZ) overlay restorations were divided into six groups (n = 15/group) based on different preparation designs, with and without endodontic access: chamfer margin 4 mm above the gingival level without (group 1) and with endodontic access (group 2); margin 2 mm above the gingival level without (group 3) and with endodontic access (group 4); overlay with no chamfer margin without (group 5) and with endodontic access (group 6). Restorations were bonded to mandibular first molar resin dies, and the groups with endodontic access were sealed with flowable resin composite. All restorations underwent 100,000 cycles of thermal cycling between 5°C and 55°C, followed by loading until fracture. Maximum load and fracture resistance were recorded. ANOVA with Tukey post‐hoc tests were used for statistical comparison (α < 0.05).ResultsFracture resistance significantly varied among overlay designs with and without endodontic access (p < 0.001), except for the no‐margin overlays (groups 5 and 6). Overlays with a 2 mm margin above the gingival margin with endodontic access (group 4) exhibited significantly higher fracture resistance compared to both the 4‐mm supragingival (group 2) and no‐margin (group 6) designs, even when compared to their respective intact groups (groups 1 and 5). There were no significant differences between the no‐margin and 4‐mm supragingival overlays.ConclusionThe more extensive zirconia overlay for mandibular molars is the first choice since the 2 mm margin above the gingival level design withstood considerable loads even after undergoing endodontic access. A no‐margin overlay is preferred over the 4‐mm supragingival design as it preserves more tooth structure and there was no outcome difference, irrespective of endodontic access. Caution is warranted in interpreting these findings due to the in vitro nature of the study.