bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Aryl Diazonium for Biomolecules Immobilization onto SPRi Chips
Authors: Mandon Céline A. , Blum Loïc J. , Marquette Christophe A. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractA method for the immobilization of proteins at the surface of surface plasmon resonance imaging (SPRi) chips is presented. The technology, based on the electro‐deposition of a 4‐carboxymethyl aryl diazonium (CMA) monolayer is compared to a classical thioctic acid self‐assembled monolayer. SPRi live recording experiments followed by the quantification of the diazonium surface coverage demonstrate the presence of a monolayer of electro‐deposited molecules (11*1012 molecules mm−²). This monolayer, when activated through a classical carbodiimide route, generates a surface suitable for the protein immobilization. In the present study, protein A and BSA are immobilized as specific and control spots (150 μm id), respectively. The AFM characterization of the spots deposited onto CMA or thioctic acid modified chips prove the presence of 4.7 nm protein monolayers. Finally, the SPRi detection capabilities of the two surface chemistries are compared according to specific signal, non‐specific interaction and regeneration possibilities. Advantages are given to the CMA surface modification since no measurable non‐specific signal is obtained while reaching a higher specific signal.
An extensible and ubiquitous RFID management framework over next‐generation network
Authors: Cho Kideok , Pack Sangheon , Kwon Ted ‘Taekyoung’ , Choi Yanghee 
Published: October 2009

AbstractRadio frequency identification (RFID) is an enabling technology for a variety of applications in next‐generation network (NGN). Although several RFID management frameworks are proposed in the literature, they have limitations in terms of service extension. In this paper, we propose an extensible RFID management framework calledSIP‐based RFID management system(SRMS), which can support various RFID applications. SRMS employssession initiation protocol(SIP), which is an Internet standard protocol adopted in NGN for session management and mobility support. SRMS enhances the existing SIP architecture by introducing asurrogate user agent(SUA) and anSRMS name server(SNS). The SUA performs SIP signaling on behalf of RFID tags with limited capabilities, whereas the SNS provides name resolution services. To illustrate the extensibility of SRMS, we demonstrate two representative application scenarios. Compared with the existing RFID management frameworks, SRMS has advantages of service extensibility and reusability. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Duplicated Inferior Vena Cava—Something to Consider in the Evaluation of a Living‐Donor Renal Transplant
Authors: Kennealey Peter T. , Saidi Reza F. , Markmann James F. , Ko Dicken S.C. , Kawai Tatsuo , Yeh Heidi 
Published: October 2009

AbstractCongenital anomalies of the inferior vena cava are rare and usually of no clinical significance. The presence of a duplicated inferior vena cava (D‐IVC) has an incidence rate ranging from 0.3% to 3% and is a result of an embryological misadventure. Typically, the primitive cardinal veins come together and, along with the regression of the left supracardinal vein, leave a solitary, right‐sided vena cava. Here we review the relevant anatomy and clinical significance of a D‐IVC and present a case of successful laparoscopic donor nephrectomy in a patient with this anomaly.
Hemoglobin Variability with Extended Dosing of Epoetin Alfa in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease and Not on Dialysis
Authors: Bailey Robert A. , McGowan Tracy , Tang K. Linda , Langholff Wayne K. , Lantz Keith C. , Wolfson Marsha 
Published: October 2009

AbstractOBJECTIVESHemoglobin (Hgb) variability when treating anemia in pre‐dialysis chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients with erythropoietin stimulating agents (ESAs) may be an important safety consideration, as significant Hgb fluctuations over time appear to be associated with worse outcomes, especially cardiovascular‐related outcomes. We analyzed Hgb variability in subjects receiving epoetin alfa (EPO) with extended dosing regimens.METHODSWe conducted a post‐hoc analysis to evaluate Hgb variability in 2 trials of EPO in CKD anemia; both examined Hgb response during dosing intervals up to 4 weeks. Study 1 examined 4 EPO maintenance regimens of every 1 to 4 weeks for 16 weeks. Study 2 examined EPO initiation and maintenance dosing of every 2 weeks for 28 weeks.RESULTSDuring the maintenance periods evaluated, Hgb variability (mean within‐subject standard deviations) was 0.75 (0.32), 0.66 (0.29), 0.65 (0.30), and 0.74 (0.36) g/dL, with 10KQW, 20KQ2W, 30KQ3W, and 40KQ4W regimens in study 1 (10,000 IU [10K] once weekly [QW], 20,000 IU [20K] every 2 weeks [Q2W], 30,000 IU [30K] every 3 weeks [Q3W], or 40,000 IU [40K] every 4 weeks [Q4W]), and was 0.59 (0.27) g/dL with 20KQ2W in study 2. Serious thrombovascular events were seen in 4 patients in study 1 and in 3 patients in study 2.CONCLUSIONSOur analysis of CKD patients treated with extended dosing of EPO revealed no relationships between Hgb variability and administered dose or dose interval, comparable with published results of other ESAs.
The Changing Epidemiology of Glycopeptide‐Resistant Enterococci in a Renal Unit
Authors: Khanna Nitish , Inkster Teresa 
Published: October 2009

AbstractOBJECTIVESGlycopeptide‐resistant enterococci (GRE) have become well‐established nosocomial pathogens. Certain patient groups, such as renal patients, are at increased risk of GRE colonization and subsequent invasive disease. We sought to establish the current epidemiology of GRE within this patient group as well as other high risk groups in our institution and to ascertain whether the epidemiology had changed since the introduction of screening in 2001.METHODSAll enterococcal isolates obtained from samples received from the renal unit, ICU, and oncology wards between 2001 and 2007 were reviewed, and information regarding glycopeptide usage on the renal unit was obtained from the pharmacy department.RESULTSThere were 3,710 enterococcal isolates from the renal unit (GRE: 1,077), 1,464 from intensive care units (ICU; GRE: 203), and 857 from the oncology wards (GRE: 51). There was a 5‐fold increase in the percentage of enterococci displaying glycopeptide resistance from the renal unit between 2001/2002 and 2006/2007, with similar increases in resistance from the ICU and oncology wards. During this time, the predominant phenotype changed from VanB to VanA, resulting in an increased resistance profile.DISCUSSIONOur results demonstrate that the number of isolates of GRE in our institution continues to rise yearly in renal patients. Owing to the change in phenotype, enterococci are displaying increased antibiotic resistance, resulting in a subsequent reduction in the therapeutic options available.
Correlation between morphology and human telomerase gene amplification in bronchial brushing cells for the diagnosis of lung cancer
Authors: Fan Yi‐Bo , Ye Lin , Wang Tian‐Yu , Wu Guang‐Ping 
Published: October 2009

AbstractThe aim of this study was to investigate the frequency of amplification of the human telomerase gene (TERC), as measured by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), in routine liquid‐based cytological preparations from bronchial brushing specimens, and to assess the associations between TERC amplification, cytological diagnosis, and cytological morphology, in order to obtain further insight into these associations. Bronchial brushings from 102 patients with lung carcinoma (52 squamous‐cell carcinomas, 22 adenocarcinomas, 28 small cell lung carcinomas) and 40 patients with nonmalignant disease were used. Amplification of TERC was performed using a commercially available two‐color FISH probe, and slides were prepared for the SurePath liquid‐based Pap test (LPT) using the same samples. Amplification of TERC was significantly associated with histological diagnoses (P < 0.05). Patients with lung cancer, and especially those with nonsmall cell lung cancer, had significantly higher percentages of cells with amplification of TERC than did patients with nonmalignant disease (P < 0.05). Comparing the FISH and LPT results, there was no significant difference in diagnostic sensitivity between the two methods (P > 0.05). However the difference in diagnostic sensitivity of the two methods for squamous‐cell carcinoma was significant (P < 0.01). FISH can be performed on bronchial brushing specimens to detect amplification of TERC. This test may be an adjunct to cytology screening, especially in squamous‐cell carcinoma, and may provide an indication of the potential of individual lesions to progress. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2010. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Taste bud development and patterning in sighted and blind morphs of Astyanax mexicanus
Authors: Varatharasan Nirupa , Croll Roger P. , Franz‐Odendaal Tamara 
Published: October 2009

AbstractIn the blind cave‐dwelling morph of A. mexicanus, the eye degenerates while other sensory systems, such as gustation, are expanded compared to their sighted (surface‐dwelling) ancestor. This study compares the development of taste buds along the jaws of each morph. To determine whether cavefish have an altered onset or rate of taste bud development, we fluorescently labeled basal and receptor cells within taste buds over a developmental series. Our results show that taste bud number increases during development in both morphs. The rate of development is, however, accelerated in cavefish; a small difference in taste bud number exists at 5 dpf reaching threefold by 22 dpf. The expansion of taste buds in cavefish is, therefore, detectable after the onset of eye degeneration. This study provides important insights into the timing of taste bud expansion in cavefish as well as enhances our understanding of taste bud development in teleosts in general. Developmental Dynamics 238:3056–3064, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Brn3a regulates the transition from neurogenesis to terminal differentiation and represses non‐neural gene expression in the trigeminal ganglion
Authors: Lanier Jason , Dykes Iain M. , Nissen Stephanie , Eng S. Raisa , Turner Eric E. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractThe POU‐domain transcription factor Brn3a is expressed in developing sensory neurons at all levels of the neural axis, including the trigeminal ganglion, hindbrain sensory ganglia, and dorsal root ganglia. Changes in global gene expression in the trigeminal ganglion from E11.5 to E13.5 reflect the repression of early neurogenic genes, exit from the cell cycle, and initiation of the expression of definitive markers of sensory function. A majority of these developmental changes are perturbed in the trigeminal ganglia of Brn3a knockout mice. At E13.5, Brn3a−/− trigeminal neurons fail to repress a battery of developmental regulators that are highly expressed at E11.5 and are normally down‐regulated as development progresses, and also fail to appropriately activate a set of definitive sensory genes. Remarkably, developing Brn3a−/− trigeminal neurons also ectopically express multiple regulatory genes associated with cardiac and/or cranial mesoderm development, although definitive myogenic programs are not activated. The majority of these genes are not ectopically expressed in the dorsal root ganglia of Brn3a null mice, perhaps due to redundant mechanisms of repression at spinal levels. These results underscore the importance of gene repression in regulating neuronal development, and the need for unbiased screens in the determination of developmental gene regulatory programs. Developmental Dynamics 238:3065–3079, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Inhibition of clonal expansion by Foxp3 expression as a mechanism of controlled T‐cell responses and autoimmune disease
Authors: Guo Linjie , Tian Jun , Marinova Ekaterina , Zheng Biao , Han Shuhua 
Published: October 2009

AbstractThe essential role of the transcription factor Foxp3 in the development and function of Treg has been well documented. The role of Foxp3 in non‐Treg, however, is not fully understood. Emerging evidence indicates that Foxp3 expression is not confined to CD4+CD25+ Treg. The present study shows that in Foxp3 transgenic (Foxp3‐Tg) mice, in which the transgene is driven by the lck distal promoter, CD4+CD25− T cells that express the Foxp3 transgene do not upregulate the expression of CD25−, GITR, or CTLA‐4, and do not have suppressive function; however, the Foxp3‐Tg+CD4+CD25− T cells exhibit significantly reduced proliferative response to TCR engagement. Foxp3‐Tg mice are resistant to collagen‐induced arthritis via reduced cellular proliferation of activated T cells. These findings indicate that Foxp3 upregulation in activated non‐Treg may be a mechanism to suppress immune responses by reduced clonal expansion of activated T cells.
Phenotypic analysis of human peripheral blood regulatory T cells (CD4+FOXP3+CD127lo/–) ex vivo and after in vitro restimulation with malaria antigens
Authors: Finney Olivia C. , Riley Eleanor M. , Walther Michael 
Published: October 2009

AbstractRegulatory T cells (Treg) play crucial roles in regulating autoimmune responses and immunity to tumors and infectious diseases. However, numerous subpopulations of Treg are now being described and the utility of various Treg markers is being reassessed. Here we report the results of a detailed phenotypic comparison of two supposedly regulatory human T‐cell populations, namely CD4+FOXP3+ T cells and CD4+CD25hi T cells. We find that CD4+FOXP3+ cells are extremely heterogeneous with respect to CD25 expression and that FOXP3+ and CD25hi CD4+ T cells differ in their expression of chemokine receptors (CCR), CD95 and Bcl‐2, suggestive of distinct migration characteristics and susceptibility to apoptosis. Further, we propose that CD25 expression should be regarded as an activation marker rather than as a defining marker of Treg. Lastly, CD4+FOXP3+ T cells activated in vitro with malaria antigen expressed the highest levels of CCR4 and CD95, and the lowest levels of CCR7, indicating that they are most likely generated from effector memory cells during an immune response and rapidly succumb to apoptosis at the end of the response.
Inhibition of murine γδ lymphocyte expansion and effector function by regulatory αβ T cells is cell‐contact‐dependent and sensitive to GITR modulation
Authors: Gonçalves‐Sousa Natacha , Ribot Julie C. , deBarros Ana , Correia Daniel V. , Caramalho Íris , Silva‐Santos Bruno 
Published: October 2009

Abstractγδ T cells are highly cytolytic lymphocytes that produce large amounts of pro‐inflammatory cytokines during immune responses to multiple pathogens. Furthermore, their ability to kill tumor cells has fueled the development of γδ‐T‐cell‐based cancer therapies. Thus, the regulation of γδ‐T‐cell activity is of great biological and clinical relevance. Here, we show that murine CD4+CD25+ αβ T cells, the vast majority of which express the Treg marker, Foxp3, abolish key effector functions of γδ T cells, namely the production of the pro‐inflammatory cytokines, IFN‐γ and IL‐17, cytotoxicity, and lymphocyte proliferation in vitro and in vivo. We further show that suppression is dependent on cellular contact between Treg and γδ T cells, results in the induction of an anergic state in γδ lymphocytes, and can be partially reversed by manipulating glucocorticoid‐induced TNF receptor‐related protein (GITR) signals. Our data collectively dissect a novel mechanism by which the expansion and pro‐inflammatory functions of γδ T cells are regulated.
IL‐33 broadens its repertoire to affect DC
Authors: Turnquist Hēth R. , Thomson Angus W. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractIL‐33 is a novel multi‐functional IL‐1 family member that, in contrast to other family members, is associated with Th2 responses. IL‐33 signals via a heterodimer composed of its receptor, IL‐1 receptor‐like‐1 (IL‐1RL1), more commonly known as ST2L, and the IL‐1R accessory protein. ST2L is expressed by endothelial cells, mast cells, basophils, Th2 cells, and DC. IL‐33 has been associated with several immune‐mediated disorders, including asthma, arthritis, and inflammatory bowel disease. In contrast, there is evidence that IL‐33 can inhibit atherosclerosis development. A report in this issue of the European Journal of Immunology reveals a novel function of IL‐33: the ability to promote myeloid DC generation in murine BM cell cultures, by triggering GM‐CSF production by other BM cells, likely basophils. DC generated in the presence of IL‐33 are maturation resistant, with only minimal T‐cell stimulatory ability, associated with comparatively high levels of programmed death receptor ligand expression. This commentary discusses several questions raised by these findings, and provides a basis for further evaluation of IL‐33 and ST2L in regulation of APC generation and function in both innate and adaptive immunity.
Unsupported μ‐Oxo‐ and μ‐Hydroxo‐Iron(III) Dimers and Mononuclear Iron(III) Complexes with Pyridylbis(aminophenol) Ligands
Authors: Shakya Rajendra , Powell Douglas R. , Houser Robert P. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractUnsupported hydroxo‐ and oxo‐bridged diiron(III) and mononuclear iron(III) complexes with pyridylbis(aminophenol) ligands (Lamine)2– and (LtBu‐amine)2– were synthesized and characterized [H2Lamine = 2,2′‐(2‐methyl‐2‐(pyridin‐2‐yl)propane‐1,3‐diyl)bis(azanediyl)bis(methylene)diphenol; H2LtBu‐amine =6,6′‐(2‐methyl‐2‐(pyridin‐2‐yl)propane‐1,3‐diyl)bis(azanediyl)bis(methylene)bis(2,4‐di‐tert‐butylphenol)]. Dimeric [(FeLamine)2(μ‐OH)]BPh4 (1) and [(FeLtBu‐amine)2(μ‐O)] (2), and monomeric [FeLtBu‐amine(OCH3)] (3) were synthesized from ferric perchlorate. Monomeric [FeLamineCl] (4) and[FeLtBu‐amineCl] (5) were synthesized from ferric chloride. Complex 1 is comprised of two [FeLamine]+ units, where(Lamine)2– is pentadentate, bridged by a single hydroxo ligand. Intramolecular H‐bonding between the NH groups on one [FeLamine]+ unit and the phenolato O atoms of the other [FeLamine]+ unit stabilizes the structure. Complex 2 is an oxo‐bridged dimer, but the steric constraints from the tert‐butyl groups of (LtBu‐amine)2– prevent intramolecular H‐bonding. Monomeric 4 and 5 are isostructural with pentadentate ligands (Lamine)2– or (LtBu‐amine)2–, respectively, and a chloro ligand in the sixth position of the six‐coordinate iron(III) moieties. Conversion of 2 to its protonated hydroxo‐bridged analog [(FeLtBu‐amine)2(μ‐OH)]+ by treatment with mild acid was monitored spectroscopically and electrochemically, but the reaction was not reversible by treatment with base. Similarly, hydroxo‐bridged 1 could not be deprotonated to generate its oxo‐bridged analog, [(FeLamine)2(μ‐O)], suggesting that the pKa values of the hydroxo groups in 1 and [(FeLtBu‐amine)2(μ‐OH)]+ are quite large. The CV of 2 revealed well‐defined ligand‐based redox couples, but no metal‐based redox couples. When 2 was treated with mild acid, metal‐based redox couples for [(FeLtBu‐amine)2(μ‐OH)]+ grew in. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2009)
On the Regioselective Intramolecular Nucleophilic Addition of Thiols to C60
Authors: Izquierdo Marta , Osuna Sílvia , Filippone Salvatore , Martín‐Domenech Angel , Solà Miquel , Martín Nazario 
Published: October 2009

AbstractThe first intramolecular nucleophilic addition of a thiol to a fullerene double bond is reported. Whereas the reaction of cysteine (4) or cystine (11) with formaldehyde and [60]fullerene in chlorobenzene at reflux afforded the new compound 10 bearing a thiazolidine moiety fused to the fullerene sphere, the reaction of commercially available N‐methylglycine (12; sarcosine) with 1,4‐dithiane‐2,5‐diol (13) and C60 in chlorobenzene at reflux led to the desired cyclized compound 3 in poor yield. The favorable geometrical approach of the reactive thiol group towards the fullerene double bond is followed by a 5‐exo‐trig intramolecular nucleophilic addition of the S–H group to the adjacent double bond of the fullerene to form compound 3 in which a tetrahydrothiophene ring is simultaneously fused to the pyrrolidine and the fullerene moieties. Compound 3 was spectroscopically and electrochemically characterized and CV revealed that saturation of a second double bond of the fullerene sphere (cis‐1 regioisomer) is compensated by the electronegative character of the sulfur atom, resulting in reduction potentials similar to those observed for fullerene monoadducts. The two‐fold cyclization reaction occurs in a totally regioselective stepwise process leading exclusively to the cis‐1 isomer. Theoretical calculations (DFT and the ONIOM approach) predict that the formation of the sulfur pentagonal ring is highly favored and does not present structural constraints. Furthermore, the activation barrier for the nucleophilic attack of the thiol group on the fullerene surface was found to be substantially higher in comparison with the analogous previously reportedhydroxy group (activation barrier about 8 kcal mol–1 larger for SH than for OH), thus accounting for the poor yields of tetrahydrothiophene 3. The formation of 3 competes with the formation of 1,2‐dimethylpyrrolidino[3,4:1,2][60]fullerene (15), which is formed as the main reaction product by loss of the SH group. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2009)
A Convenient Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Novel Pseudonucleosides Bearing a Thiazolidin‐4‐one Moiety by Tandem Staudinger/Aza‐Wittig/Cyclization
Authors: Chen Hua , Zhang Hongzhi , Feng Junna , Li Xiaoliu , Jiao Lingling , Qin Zhanbin , Yin Qingmei , Zhang Jinchao 
Published: October 2009

AbstractNovel pseudonucleosides 3 and 4 bearing a thiazolidin‐4‐one moiety were firstly synthesized by a one‐pot, multicomponent, tandem Staudinger/aza‐Wittig/intermolecular nucleophilic addition/intramolecular cyclization process in good yields of 43.8–88.0 %. Deacetylation of 3 and 4 afforded compounds 5 and 6, respectively. The structures of the new compounds were determined on the basis of the X‐ray crystal structures of 3b and 3e and by 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy and high‐resolution mass spectrometry. The antitumor activity and the inhibitory activities against glycosidases and HIV reverse transcriptase of 5 and 6 were also evaluated.(© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2009)
Configurational Isomers of a Stilbene‐Linked Bis(porphyrin) Tweezer: Synthesis and Fullerene‐Binding Studies
Authors: Fathalla Maher , Jayawickramarajah Janarthanan 
Published: October 2009

AbstractA new stilbene‐tethered bis(porphyrin) tweezer 5 has been synthesized through a Sonogashira cross‐coupling reaction. The tweezer exists as two configurational isomers [(Z) + (E)], which have distinct cavity sizes. Fullerene‐binding studies show that the (Z) isomer of the tweezer has a significantly higher affinity toward both C60 and C70 compared to the (E) congener. In addition, the (Z) → (E) photoisomerization of tweezer 5 is also discussed. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2009)
A General Asymmetric Aldol Reaction of Silyl Ketene Acetals Derived from Simple Esters to Aryl α‐Keto Esters
Authors: Le Engers Julie , Pagenkopf Brian L. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractA general method for the enantioselective addition of O,O‐ketene silyl acetals made from simple esters to α‐keto esters catalyzed by a CuCl2·bis(oxazoline) complex is reported that overcomes the limitations of the classic aldol reaction, such as steric intolerance and the need for expensive thio esters. This method excels with aryl α‐keto esters and provides products in good yield and high ee that are not readily available by alternative strategies. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2009)