bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Blockchain‐enabled decentralized service selection for QoS‐aware cloud manufacturing
Authors: Meng Ke , Wu Zhiyong , Bilal Muhammad , Xia Xiaoyu , Xu Xiaolong 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIn recent years, cloud manufacturing has brought both opportunities and challenges to the manufacturing industry. Cloud manufacturing enables global manufacturing resources to be unified and shared, thus breaking down geographical constraints to enhance the level and efficiency of manufacturing. However, with the explosive growth of manufacturing resources and user demands, traditional cloud manufacturing platforms will face problems of insufficient computility, lack of real‐time data and difficulties in securing user privacy during the service selection process. In this article, a blockchain‐based decentralized cloud manufacturing service selection method is proposed, where the computility resource is deployed in multiple distributed nodes rather than the traditional centralized cloud manufacturing platform to solve the problem of insufficient computility. The credibility of the users is evaluated based on their performance on the contract and the PBFT consensus algorithm is improved based on the credibility of the users. In addition, a tri‐chain blockchain data storage model is designed to ensure the security, real‐time and transparency of data in the cloud manufacturing service selection process. The experimental results show that the method both speeds up service selection process and improves the quality of service selection results, and achieves a significant increase in manufacturing efficiency.
In situ observation of fatigue crack propagation in soda‐lime glass with initial crack and residual stress induced by Vickers indentation under four‐point bending
Authors: Komine Hibiki , Fujita Keisuke , Niwa Akifumi , Kobayashi Yusuke , Sato Yosuke , Kuroda Ryunosuke , Kikuchi Shoichi 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe present study examined the four‐point bending fatigue properties of glass with an initial crack and residual stress induced by Vickers indentation. The fatigue properties of glass with an initial crack are influenced by the residual stress induced by Vickers indentation. Regardless of the presence of residual stress, the failure time under static fatigue is shorter than that under cyclic fatigue. In the region of a small crack, the fatigue crack aspect ratio for glass is smaller than that for metallic materials. The crack growth rate in glass with an initial crack initially decreases and then increases with an increase in the maximum stress intensity factor, Kmax. To investigate the effect of residual stress on the fatigue crack propagation behavior of soda‐lime glass, the in situ observation of fatigue crack propagation was conducted. Crack closure occurs in glass in which tensile residual stress induced by Vickers indentation was released by annealing.
Interpreting an Archaean paleoenvironment through 3D imagery of microbialites
Authors: Howard Cecilia M. , Sheldon Nathan D. , Smith Selena Y. , Noffke Nora 
Published: May 2024

AbstractWhile stromatolites, and to a lesser extent thrombolites, have been extensively studied in order to unravel Precambrian (>539 Ma) biological evolution, studies of clastic‐dominated microbially induced sedimentary structures (MISS) are relatively scarce. The lack of a consolidated record of clastic microbialites creates questions about how much (and what) information on depositional and taphonomic settings can be gleaned from these fossils. We used μCT scanning, a non‐destructive X‐ray‐based 3D imaging method, to reconstruct morphologies of ancient MISS and mat textures in two previously described coastal Archaean samples from the ~3.48 Ga Dresser Formation, Pilbara, Western Australia. The aim of this study was to test the ability of μCT scanning to visualize and make 3D measurements that can be used to interpret the biotic–environmental interactions. Fossil MISS including mat laminae with carpet‐like textures in one sample and mat rip‐up chips in the second sample were investigated. Compiled δ13C and δ34S analyses of specimens from the Dresser Fm. are consistent with a taxonomically diverse community that could be capable of forming such MISS. 3D measurements of fossil microbial mat chips indicate significant biostabilization and suggest formation in flow velocities >25 cm s−1. Given the stratigraphic location of these chips in a low‐flow lagoonal layer, we conclude that these chips formed due to tidal influence, as these assumed velocities are consistent with recent modeling of Archaean tides. The success of μCT scanning in documenting these microbialite features validates this technique both as a first step analysis for rare samples prior to the use of more destructive techniques and as a valuable tool for gaining insight into microbialite taphonomy.
Severe ocular Mpox in person living with advanced HIV treated with extended course of tecovirimat
Authors: Brown Lottie , Sargent Pippa , Islam Meriam , Downie Catriona , Hassan Ali , O'Hara Geraldine , Douthwaite Sam , Kulasegaram Ranjababu , Robbie Scott , Aarons Emma , Milligan Iain D. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundPeople living with HIV are disproportionately represented among people with severe mpox. Mild and self‐limiting conjunctival involvement has been well‐documented, and severe ocular complications, including keratitis, corneal scarring, and the associated loss of vision, are increasingly recognized. Tecovirimat is the first‐line antiviral therapy for severe mpox, but data around the efficacy of systemic antiviral agents for mpox are limited, particularly in cases of ocular mpox.Case ReportHere, we describe a case of sight‐threatening necrotic blepharokeratoconjunctivitis in a person with advanced HIV, requiring an extended course of tecovirimat due to persistent mpox viral shedding for nearly 5 months.
E‐learning anxiety and satisfaction with online EFL courses in times of COVID‐19: A moderated mediation model of positive coping and gender
Authors: Kao Po‐Chi 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis study proposed and statistically examined a research model to understand university learners’ satisfaction with online English as a foreign language (EFL) courses during the pandemic. Variables including e‐learning anxiety, positive coping, and gender were under investigation. These variables did not receive much attention in the previous literature, and yet they are considered essential to understanding satisfaction with online EFL courses. A total of 439 undergraduate EFL learners from a university in Taiwan participated in the present study. The technique of structural equation modeling was adopted to test the hypotheses in the moderated mediation model. This study discovered: (1) e‐learning anxiety had a negative impact on EFL learners’ satisfaction with online EFL courses; (2) positive coping was able to reduce the negative impact of e‐learning anxiety on satisfaction with online EFL courses; (3) males used more positive coping strategies than females, and they had better satisfaction scores as well. The results can enrich the current applied linguistics literature by providing an insight into the dynamics of these variables.
Development of novel lactose‐free Tigernut milk pudding with no added sugar and determination of physicochemical and organoleptic attributes
Authors: Kalahal Sagar Pandappa , Gavahian Mohsen , Lin Jenshinn 
Published: May 2024

SummaryDeveloping health‐oriented novel products (e.g. no sugar added for diabetes and lactose‐free for lactose intolerance) supports diverse consumer needs, promotes healthier eating habits and fosters inclusivity in the food sector. This study aimed to develop a Tigernut milk pudding (TNP), an alternative to dairy‐based pudding and assess its physicochemical and sensory attributes. TNP was formulated by incorporating hydrocolloids κ‐carrageenan (KC), konjac powder (KP) and corn starch (CS), then compared with a commercial milk pudding (CMP) and traditionally prepared raw cow milk pudding (RMP). The crude protein, fat, ash and moisture levels ranged from 5.62% to 8.04%, 5.25% to 7.03%, 2.81% to 3.98% and 68.71% to 74.76% respectively. Lightness (L*) ranged from 69.87 to 77.89, while a* ranged from 0.36 to 0.86 and b* ranged from 8.13 to 9.97. Syneresis ranged from 4.98% to 8.00%, slightly higher than RMP (4.98%) and CMP (4.87%), while pH levels ranged from 6.31 to 6.89, nearly acidic to neutral pH range. Total soluble solids ranged from 2.90 °Brix to 3.67 °Brix. The bacterial count was in the marginal range below 105 CFU g−1, with no presence of Salmonella spp. or E. coli. Total antioxidant properties showed total flavonoid and phenolics, ranging from 306.24 mg QE/100 g to 358.58 mg QE/100 g and 39.06 mg GAE/100 g to 54.81 mg GAE/100 g respectively. An overall organoleptic rate of 3.50 was attained with 0.25% KC, 0.50% KP and 2.50% CS, achieving a desired texture comparable to CMP. The novel study on using Tigernut milk in pudding explores its plant‐based, vegan‐friendly, lactose‐free attributes as a healthy dairy milk alternative. With desirable physicochemical properties, promising improved nutrition, potential health benefits and possible contribution to food security and enhanced resource efficiency, TNP could be considered for commercialisation.
Prevalence of Respiratory Viruses in Children With Acute Respiratory Infections in Shanghai, China, From 2013 to 2022
Authors: Zhang Li , Wang Yuanping , Xu Hongmei , Hao Lipeng , Zhao Bing , Ye Chuchu , Zhu Weiping 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundA variety of viruses can cause acute respiratory infections (ARIs), resulting in a high disease burden worldwide. To explore the dominant viruses and their prevalence characteristics in children with ARIs, comprehensive surveillance was carried out in the Pudong New Area of Shanghai.MethodsBetween January 2013 and December 2022, the basic and clinical information, and respiratory tract specimens of 0–14 years old children with ARIs were collected in five sentinel hospitals in Shanghai Pudong. Each specimen was tested for eight respiratory viruses, and the positive rates of different age groups, case types (inpatient or outpatient) were analyzed.ResultsIn our study, 30.67% (1294/4219) children with ARIs were positive for at least one virus. Influenza virus (IFV) was the most commonly detected respiratory virus (349/4219, 8.27%), followed by respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) (217/4219, 5.14%), para‐influenza virus (PIV) (215/4219, 5.10%), and human coronavirus (HCoV, including 229E, OC43, NL63, and HKU1) (184/4219, 4.36%). IFV was the leading respiratory virus in outpatients aged 5–14 years (201/1673, 12.01%); RSV was the most prevalent respiratory virus in both inpatients (61/238, 25.63%) and outpatients (4/50, 8.00%) for ARI patients aged <6 months old. For PIV, HMPV, HCoV, and HRV, the risk of infection usually was higher among young children. Co‐infection with more than two viruses was seen in 3.25% (137/4219).ConclusionsIFV and RSV played important roles in ARIs among children, but the risk populations were different. There are needs for targeted diagnosis and treatment and necessary immunization and non‐pharmaceutical interventions.
The structure of CaO–MgO–Al2O3–SiO2 melts and glasses doped with FeOX–NiO
Authors: Benmore Chris J. , Bogle Rebekah , Wilke Stephen K. , Weber Richard , Neuefeind Joerg , Costa Gustavo 
Published: May 2024

AbstractNeutron and x‐ray diffraction measurements have been performed on CaO–MgO–Al2O3–SiO2 (CMAS) glasses doped with NiO–FeXO at room temperature, along with x‐ray measurements on aerodynamically levitated liquids at ≥2000 K. The disordered structures have been modeled using empirical potential structure refinement to investigate the relation between the aluminosilicate network and the modifying cations. The SiO4 and AlO4 tetrahedra are found to have wider Si–O and Al–O bond distance distributions in the glass, and the first Ca–On coordination shell is highly distorted, redistributing different populations of long and short bonds between the liquid and the glass. The addition of Fe and Ni at low aluminosilicate content increases the number of free oxygens not bonded to AlO4 or SiO4. Mg–O and Fe–O are both found to be predominantly fourfold and fivefold in the liquid and glassy states. Despite these low coordination numbers, their bond angle distributions indicate that they are predominantly in nontetrahedral‐type geometries, with ferrous and ferric iron possessing similar coordination environments. The Ca–O and Mg–O average coordination numbers and enthalpies of solution are consistent with their higher reactivity within relatively acidic aluminosilicate melts.
Impact of reading messages on student learning and note‐taking during a video lecture
Authors: Colliot Tiphaine , Flanigan Abraham E. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundMany instructors transitioned their courses from face‐to‐face environments to computer‐mediated learning environments (CMLEs) following the onset of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic. However, little was known about how teleconferencing platforms and their corresponding functions affect student learning when the COVID‐19 pandemic began.ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to provide more clarity on the conditions through which online teleconferencing platforms influence student achievement. More specifically, this study investigated how displaying lecture‐relevant and lecture‐irrelevant messages in a chat box during a video lecture delivered via the Zoom teleconferencing platform affected student learning and note taking.MethodsParticipants viewed the video lecture either with (relevant or irrelevant) or without messages appearing in the chat box of the Zoom window. Participants completed a learning test immediately following the lecture.Results and ConclusionsNo difference regarding student achievement was observed between the three groups. However, results revealed that students in the relevant‐lecture messages group reported a higher extraneous cognitive load than the other groups even if they reported positive attitudes about the messages appearing on the chat box. Students in the lecture‐relevant group also recorded more notes during the lecture compared to the two other groups, but this result did not reach significance. This study extends previous research that investigated how messaging influences learning in classroom settings. Findings suggest that allowing relevant discussions is not the best strategy to promote learning in CMLEs as this information seems to compete with the other relevant information being presented during the ongoing lecture.
Trends and disparities in cardiac implantable electronic device infection‐related mortality in the United States
Authors: Agarwal Siddharth , Qamar Usama , Munir Muhammad Bilal , Asad Zain Ul Abideen , Deshmukh Abhishek , DeSimone Daniel C. , DeSimone Christopher V. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIntroductionWe performed a cross‐sectional study using the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's (CDC's) Wide‐Ranging Online Data for Epidemiologic Research (WONDER) database to analyze the trends in cardiac implantable electronic device (CIED) infection‐related mortality from 1999 to 2020.MethodsWe analyzed the death certificate data from the CDC WONDER database from 1999 to 2020 for CIED infections in the US population aged ≥25 years using International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision (ICD‐10) codes, listed as the underlying or contributing cause of death. Age‐adjusted mortality rates (AAMR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were computed per 1 million population by standardizing crude mortality rates to the 2000 US census population. To assess annual mortality trends, we employed the Joinpoint regression model, calculating the annual percent change (APC) in AAMR and corresponding 95% CIs.ResultsOverall, there was an observed declining trend in AAMRs related to CIED infection‐related mortality. Males accounted for 55% of the total deaths, with persistently higher AAMRs compared to females over the study duration. Both males and females had an overall decreasing trend in AAMRs throughout the study duration. On race/ethnicity stratified analysis, non‐Hispanic (NH) Blacks exhibited the highest overall AAMR, followed by NH American Indians or Alaska Natives, NH Whites, Hispanic or Latinos, and NH Asian or Pacific Islanders. On a stratified analysis based on region, the South region had the highest overall AAMR, followed by the Midwest, West, and Northeast regions.ConclusionOur study demonstrates a significant decline in CIED infection‐related mortality in patients over the last two decades. Notable gender, racial/ethnic, and regional differences exist in the rates of mortality related to CIED infections.
Postpartum life interventions to prevent type 2 diabetes in women with gestational diabetes: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Wang Yu , Wei Wenjun , Guo Heming , Wang Dengmin , Wei Xueli , Zhang Chunlan , Zhang Xiaoyan , Huang Yun 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACTAims/IntroductionType 2 diabetes mellitus is a major metabolic disease that seriously endangers life and health, but women with gestational diabetes mellitus are at increased risk for developing type 2 diabetes mellitus. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of postpartum lifestyle intervention on the prevention of type 2 diabetes mellitus, and the effect of lifestyle intervention on glycemic outcomes and anthropometric measures.Materials and MethodsWe searched PubMed and other databases to retrieve articles published before May 21, 2023, on randomized controlled trials of postnatal lifestyle interventions (diet and/or physical activity) in women with gestational diabetes mellitus. We estimated the pooled odds ratios using fixed or random effects models and conducted a subgroup analysis of the different intervention methods to explore differences in the different lifestyle interventions.ResultsThe review included 17 randomized controlled trials. Overall, lifestyle changes started after a pregnancy complicated by gestational diabetes mellitus an 11% (RR = 0.89; 95% CI: 0.74–1.07) reduction in diabetes risk; significant differences were found for weight (MD = −1.33; 95% CI: [−1.76; −0.89], P < 0.00001) body mass index (MD = −0.53; 95% CI: [−0.74, −0.32], P < 0.00001), and waist circumference change (MD = −1.38; 95% CI: [−2.12; −0.64], P = 0.0002) but not for fasting glucose (MD = −0.06; 95% CI: [−0.19; 0.06], P = 0.32), 2 h glucose (MD = −0.12; 95% CI: [−0.30; 0.06], P = 0.19), and hemoglobin A1c (MD = −0.11; 95% CI: [−0.23; 0.02], P = 0.09). Subgroup analyses showed no significant differences in the effects of different lifestyle interventions on the incidence of type 2 diabetes, blood glucose levels, and anthropometric parameters.ConclusionOur comprehensive meta‐analysis of lifestyle interventions can improve modifiable anthropometric measures in women with gestational diabetes. We need further research to provide more intensive lifestyle intervention, more scientific intervention methods, and to reduce the incidence of type 2 diabetes in patients with gestational diabetes.
Association between potentially inappropriate medications prescription and health‐related quality of life among US older adults
Authors: Clark Collin M. , Guan Jiajie , Patel Aman R. , Stoll Jennifer , Wahler Robert G. , Feuerstein Steven , Singh Ranjit , Jacobs David M. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundPotentially inappropriate medications (PIMs) are associated with worse health outcomes among older adults. Our objective was to examine the association between PIM prescription and health‐related quality of life (HRQoL) among older adults in the United States using nationally representative data.MethodsThis was a retrospective study utilizing 2011–2015 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS) data. Community dwelling US adults aged 65 years or older were included. A qualified definition operationalized from the 2019 American Geriatrics Society Beers Criteria® was used to define exposure to PIMs during the study period. The Physical Component Summary (PCS) and Mental Component Summary (MCS) of the Medical Outcomes Study 12‐Item Short Form Health Survey (SF‐12) were used to measure HRQoL. Survey‐weighted linear regression models were constructed to investigate the association between PIM exposure and participants' PCS and MCS scores. Analyses were stratified across three age cohorts (65–74, 75–85, and ≥85 years).ResultsUnadjusted analysis showed poorer scores in the PIM exposed group for both PCS and MCS (all p < 0.001). PIM exposure was associated with poorer PCS scores across all age groups with those aged 65–74 years (adjusted regression coefficient = −1.60 [95% CI = −2.27, −0.93; p < 0.001]), those 75–84 years (adjusted regression coefficient: −1.49 [95% CI = −2.45, −0.53; p = 0.003]), and those 85 years and older (adjusted regression coefficient = −1.65 [95% CI = −3.03, −0.27; p = 0.02]). PIM exposure was also associated with poorer MCS scores in participants aged 65–74 years (adjusted regression coefficient = −0.69 [95% CI = −1.16, −0.22; p = 0.004]) and 85 years and older (adjusted regression coefficient = −2.01 [95% CI = −3.25, −0.78; p = 0.002]).ConclusionsOur results suggest that patients' exposure to PIMs is associated with poorer HRQoL. Further work is needed to assess whether interventions to deprescribe PIMs may help to improve patients' HRQoL.
The impact of monotherapies for male androgenetic alopecia: A network meta‐analysis study
Authors: Gupta Aditya K. , Bamimore Mary A. , Wang Tong , Talukder Mesbah 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe evidence base pertaining to the efficacy of monotherapies for androgenetic alopecia (AGA), the most common form of hair loss, is ever expanding—and this warrants a formal comparison therapies' effect on a frequent basis.AimsThe objective of the current study was to determine the comparative effect of relevant monotherapies for male AGA.Patients/MethodsOur aim was achieved by conducting Bayesian network meta‐analysis (NMA), under a random effects model, for two outcomes: 6‐month change in (1) total and (2) terminal hair density in adult (i.e., aged 18 years and above) men with AGA; these analyses were preceded by a systematic search of the peer‐reviewed literature for suitable data. Interventions' surface under the cumulative ranking curve (SUCRA) and pairwise relative effects (quantified as mean differences) were estimated through the NMAs.ResultsWe determined the comparative effect of 20 active comparators and a control (i.e., placebo/vehicle). “Dutasteride 0.5 mg once daily for 24 weeks” was ranked the most effective in terms of 6‐month change in (1) total hair density (SUCRA = 87%) and terminal hair density (SUCRA = 98%). Our results showed that interventions’ effectiveness can be dose dependent.ConclusionsOur updated analyses of the up‐to‐date evidence regarding monotherapies for male AGA showed that the oral form of 5‐alpha reductase inhibitors are more effective than oral minoxidil and other newer agents like Botox, microneedling, and photobiomodulation. Our findings can better inform clinical decision making and design of future research studies.