bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Functions of N6-methyladenosine (m6A) RNA modifications in acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Fang Zehao , Ding Hanyi , Han Jiongping , Fu Leihua , Jin Jing , Feng Weiying 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
N6-methyladenosine is the most common modification of eukaryotic RNA. N6-methyladenosine participates in RNA splicing, nuclear export, translation, and degradation through regulation by methyltransferases, methylation readers, and demethylases, affecting messenger RNA stability and translation efficiency. Through the dynamic and reversible regulatory network composed of “writers, erasers, and readers,” N6-methyladenosine modification plays a unique role in the process of hematopoiesis. Acute myeloid leukemia is a heterogeneous disease characterized by malignant proliferation of hematopoietic stem cells/progenitor cells. Many studies have shown that N6-methyladenosine–related proteins are abnormally expressed in acute myeloid leukemia and play an important role in the occurrence and development of acute myeloid leukemia, acting as carcinogenic or anticancer factors. Here, we describe the mechanisms of action of reversing N6-methyladenosine modification in hematopoiesis and acute myeloid leukemia occurrence and progression to provide a basis for further research on the role of N6-methyladenosine methylation and its regulatory factors in normal hematopoiesis and acute myeloid leukemia, to ultimately estimate its potential clinical value.
Co-design and usability of an interactive web-based fertility decision aid for transgender youth and young adults
Authors: Chen Diane , Shen Elaine , Kolbuck Victoria D , Sajwani Afiya , Finlayson Courtney , Gordon Elisa J 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Objective
To develop a patient- and family-centered Aid For Fertility-Related Medical Decisions (AFFRMED) interactive website targeted for transgender and nonbinary (TNB) youth/young adults and their parents to facilitate shared decision-making about fertility preservation interventions through user-centered participatory design.

Method
TNB youth/young adults interested in or currently receiving pubertal suppression or gender-affirming hormone treatment and parents of eligible TNB youth/young adults were recruited to participate in a series of iterative human-centered co-design sessions to develop an initial AFFRMED prototype. Subsequently, TNB youth/young adults and parents of TNB youth/young adults were recruited for usability testing interviews, involving measures of usability (i.e., After Scenario Questionnaire, Net Promotor Score, System Usability Scale).

Results
Twenty-seven participants completed 18 iterative co-design sessions and provided feedback on 10 versions of AFFRMED (16 TNB youth/young adults and 11 parents). Nine TNB youth/young adults and six parents completed individual usability testing interviews. Overall, participants rated AFFRMED highly on measures of acceptability, appropriateness, usability, and satisfaction. However, scores varied by treatment cohort, with TNB youth interested in or currently receiving pubertal suppression treatment reporting the lowest usability scores.

Conclusions
We co-created a youth- and family-centered fertility decision aid prototype that provides education and decision support in an online, interactive format. Future directions include testing the efficacy of the decision aid in improving fertility and fertility preservation knowledge, decisional self-efficacy, and decision satisfaction.
Technical report: clinical feasibility of augmented reality-navigated chronic subdural hematoma evacuation
Authors: Olexa Joshua , Trang Annie , Chryssikos Timothy , Schwartzbauer Gary , Aarabi Bizhan 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Management of chronic subdural hematoma (cSDH) poses unique challenges and can be fraught with complications. Understanding the spatial relationships of cSDH to adjacent brain tissue and skull topography is critical for successful surgical treatment. The aim of this report is to highlight the feasibility and efficacy of a novel augmented reality (AR) overlay tool for surgical planning with technical description of two surgical cases using AR for surgical management of cSDH. This report describes a fiducial-less AR system for surgical planning of surgical evacuation of cSDH. The AR system was used to superimpose 3D anatomy onto the patients head to provide image guidance during two cases of evacuation. Imaging demonstrated convexity cSDH. A 3D model of the patient’s anatomy was created and registered onto the patients’ heads using a novel AR system. Surgical evacuation of the cSDH was completed in each case with surgical planning assisted by AR overlay.
Clinical and radiographic outcomes of a novel technique for socket healing: a protocol for a split-mouth randomized controlled trial
Authors: Albash Ziad 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Tooth extraction is one of the most common routine procedures in the dental clinic. Tooth extraction is followed by an inevitable bone resorption that leads to alveolar ridge reduction in the horizontal and vertical directions. The dimensions of alveolar ridge after socket healing are the result of a balance between the resorption and remodeling mechanisms that occur naturally after tooth extraction. The aim of this study is to evaluate the clinical and radiographic outcomes of the socket decortication technique for socket healing through a split-mouth randomized controlled trial. The proposed research protocol will investigate the effectiveness of this technique in promoting optimal healing and reducing bone loss following tooth extraction. By comparing radiographic data from the intervention side with the control side within the same individual, the study seeks to provide valuable insights into the potential benefits of the novel approach. The findings of this study have the potential to advance current knowledge in the field of dentistry and contribute to improved clinical practices for socket healing.
Oral preparation of hyaluronic acid, chondroitin sulfate, N-acetylglucosamine, and vitamin C improves sexual and urinary symptoms in participants with recurrent urinary tract infections: a randomized crossover trial
Authors: Boeri Luca , De Lorenzis Elisa , Lucignani Gianpaolo , Turetti Matteo , Silvani Carlo , Zanetti Stefano Paolo , Longo Fabrizio , Albo Giancarlo , Salonia Andrea , Montanari Emanuele 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background
Intravesical instillation of hyaluronic acid (HA) has been associated with reduced sexual dysfunction in participants with recurrent urinary tract infections (rUTIs), but the efficacy of an oral treatment has never been investigated.

Aim
To investigate the efficacy of an oral preparation of HA, chondroitin sulfate, N-acetylglucosamine, and vitamin C in improving sexual and urinary symptoms in a cohort of reproductive-age participants with rUTI.

Methods
In a monocentric randomized crossover pilot trial, participants with rUTI who were referred to our institute between March 2022 and April 2023 were randomized 1:1 in 2 groups: intervention vs control. All participants had an oral preparation of cranberry, D-mannose, propolis extract, turmeric, and Boswellia twice a day for 3 months. The intervention group also included an oral preparation of HA, chondroitin sulfate, N-acetylglucosamine, and vitamin C once a day for 3 months. Crossover of treatment occurred at 3 months for an additional 3 months. At baseline and 3 and 6 months, participants were evaluated clinically and with the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) and Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI). Descriptive statistics and logistic regression models tested the impact of the intervention on urinary and sexual symptoms at each follow-up assessment.

Outcomes
Improvement in sexual and urinary symptoms as measured by the FSFI and IPSS.

Results
Overall, 27 (54%) participants had an FSFI score &lt;26.5 at enrollment. At 3 months, FSFI scores were higher in the intervention group vs control (P &lt; .001), but IPSS scores were lower (P = .03). After crossover of treatment, FSFI and IPSS scores remained stable in the intervention group. However, after crossover, the control group showed a significant improvement in IPSS and FSFI scores (all P &lt; .01) vs the 3-month assessment. At last follow-up, urinary and sexual symptoms were comparable between groups. In logistic regression analyses, the intervention group was associated with early improvement in sexual symptoms (odds ratio, 3.9; P = .04) and urinary symptoms (odds ratio, 5.1; P = .01) after accounting for clinical confounders.

Clinical Implications
Combination treatment with HA, chondroitin sulfate, N-acetylglucosamine, and vitamin C is effective if started immediately or even after a few months from symptoms in participants with rUTI.

Strengths and Limitations
The main limitation is the lack of long-term follow-up.

Conclusion
The oral formulation of HA, chondroitin sulfate, N-acetylglucosamine, and vitamin C could be an effective therapy against urinary and sexual distress in participants with rUTI (NCT06268483; ClinicalTrials.gov).
Stem cell quiescence and dormancy in plant meristems
Authors: Eljebbawi Ali , Dolata Anika , Strotmann Vivien I , Stahl Yvonne 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Plants exhibit opportunistic developmental patterns, alternating between growth and dormancy in response to external cues. Moreover, quiescence plays a critical role in proper plant growth and development, particularly within the root apical meristem and the shoot apical meristem. In these meristematic tissues, cells with relatively slower mitotic activity are present in the quiescent center and the central zone, respectively. These centers form long-term reservoirs of stem cells maintaining the meristematic stem cell niche, and thus sustaining continuous plant development and adaptation to changing environments. This review explores early observations, structural characteristics, functions, and gene regulatory networks of the root and shoot apical meristems. It also highlights the intricate mechanism of dormancy within the shoot apical meristem. The aim is to contribute to a holistic understanding of quiescence in plants, which is fundamental for the proper growth and environmental response of plants.
Description of a pathogenic strain ofAeromonas dhakensisisolated fromAncherythroculter nigrocaudain an inland region of China
Authors: Xu Xiandong , Fu Huiyun , Ouyang Min , Du Jinhui , Zhang Yujie , Chen Yangyang , Huang Jiangfeng , Zhou Zhiyong , Hu Baoqing , Yang Gang , Wen Chungen 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAeromonas dhakensis is reported as an emerging pathogenic species within the genus Aeromonas and is widely distributed in tropical coastal areas. This study provided a detailed description and characterization of a strain of A. dhakensis (202108B1) isolated from diseased Ancherythroculter nigrocauda in an inland region of China. Biochemical tests identified the isolate at the genus level, and the further molecular analysis of concatenated housekeeping gene sequences revealed that the strain belonged to the species A. dhakensis. The isolated A. dhakensis strain was resistant to five antibiotics, namely, penicillin, ampicillin, clindamycin, cephalexin, and imipenem, while it was susceptible to or showed intermediate resistance to most of the other 15 tested antibiotics. The isolated strain of A. dhakensis caused acute hemorrhagic septicemia and tissue damage in artificially infected A. nigrocauda, with a median lethal dose of 7.76 × 104 CFU/fish. The genome size of strain 202108B1 was 5 043 286 bp, including 1 chromosome and 4 plasmids. This is the first detailed report of the occurrence of infection caused by an A. dhakensis strain causing infection in an aquaculture system in inland China, providing important epidemiological data on this potential pathogenic species.
Money matters: a critique of ‘informed financial consent’
Authors: Attinger Sara A , Kerridge Ian , Stewart Cameron , Karpin Isabel , Gallagher Siun , Norman Robert J , Lipworth Wendy 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
In recent years, concerns about the financial burdens of health care and growing recognition of the relevance of cost to decision making and patient experience have increasingly focused attention on financial ‘transparency’ and disclosure of costs to patients. In some jurisdictions, there have been calls not only for timely disclosure of costs information, but also for ‘informed financial consent’. However, simply putting the ‘financial’ into ‘informed consent’ and invoking an informed consent standard for cost information encounters several ethical, legal, and practical difficulties. This article will examine the viability and desirability of ‘informed financial consent’, and whether it is possible to derive ideas from traditional informed consent that may improve decision making and the patient experience. We argue that, while there are important legal, ethical, and practical challenges to consider, some of the principles of informed consent to treatment can usefully guide financial communication. We also argue that, while medical practitioners (and their delegates) have an important role to play in bridging the gap between disclosure and enabling informed (financial) decision making, this must be part of a multi-faceted approach to financial communication that acknowledges the influence of non-clinical providers and other structural forces on discharging such obligations.
Pectoralis Major Tendon Reconstruction With Achilles Tendon Allografts Utilizing Combined Pulvertaft Weave and Onlay Techniques
Authors: Wary J Nickolas , Bottoni Craig R , Zhou Liang 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT
Surgical treatment of chronic pectoralis major tears presents a technical challenge, as injury chronicity may preclude the ability to perform a direct repair. Many techniques have been described to repair an acute pectoralis tendon rupture, including utilization of unicortical buttons within the humeral footprint. In the chronic setting when direct repair is not possible, reconstruction with allograft tissue can restore strength, improve cosmesis, and yield high functional outcomes; however, literature is limited to small case series. We describe a combined Pulvertaft Weave and onlay technique with dual Achilles tendon allograft in the management of an active duty infantryman with a chronic pectoralis major injury.
Simultaneous Presentation of Swimming-Induced Pulmonary Edema in a Set of Monozygotic Twin Elite Maritime Warfare Candidates: A Novel Case Report
Authors: Matthew A. Tovar , Boswell Gilbert , Sebreros Benjamin 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT
Swimming-induced pulmonary edema (SIPE) is an incompletely understood condition that is often seen in U.S. special operations candidates participating in maritime qualification training courses. We present a case of two monozygotic twins with the simultaneous onset of acute respiratory distress during a crucible event of a maritime assessment and selection course. Subsequent pulmonary ultrasonography in both candidates showed wedge-shaped hyperechoic lines (B-lines) extending from the pleural interface into the interstitium. Chest radiography of both candidates revealed bilateral asymmetric hazy opacities consistent with SIPE. Both candidates recovered with supportive measures but were medically removed from training. Given the near-identical exposures of the candidates to the same ambient and water temperatures, duration of water submersion, magnitude of physical stressors, and viral colonization, this case study suggests that there may be underlying genetic factors, in addition to environmental factors, that predispose individuals to developing SIPE. Further benchtop and clinical research must be performed to identify potential genetic polymorphisms that contribute to the development of SIPE and to investigate safe interventions that address the underlying etiologies of SIPE pathophysiology.
The ultraviolet continuum slopes of high-redshift galaxies: evidence for the emergence of dust-free stellar populations at z &gt; 10
Authors: Cullen F , McLeod D J , McLure R J , Dunlop J S , Donnan C T , Carnall A C , Keating L C , Magee D , Arellano-Cordova K Z , Bowler R A A , Begley R , Flury S R , Hamadouche M L , Stanton T M 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT
We present an analysis of the ultraviolet (UV) continuum slopes (β) for a sample of 172 galaxy candidates at 8 &lt; zphot &lt; 16 selected from a combination of JWST NIRCam imaging and COSMOS/UltraVISTA ground-based near-infrared imaging. Focusing primarily on a new sample of 121 galaxies at 〈z〉 ≃ 11 selected from ≃ 320 arcmin2 of public JWST imaging data across 15 independent data sets, we investigate the evolution of β in the galaxy population at z ≥ 9. We find a significant trend between β and redshift, with the inverse-variance weighted mean UV slope evolving from 〈β〉 = −2.17 ± 0.06 at z = 9.5 to 〈β〉 = −2.59 ± 0.06 at z = 11.5. Based on a comparison with stellar population models including nebular continuum emission, we find that at z &gt; 10.5 the average UV continuum slope is consistent with the intrinsic blue limit of dust-free stellar populations (βint ≃ −2.6). These results suggest that the moderately dust-reddened galaxy population at z &lt; 10 was essentially unattenuated at z ≃ 11. The extremely blue galaxies being uncovered at z &gt; 10 place important constraints on dust attenuation in galaxies in the early Universe, and imply that the already observed galaxy population is likely supplying an ionizing photon budget capable of maintaining ionized intergalactic medium fractions of ≳ 5 per cent at z ≃ 11.
Challenges nurses face in providing care for patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis
Authors: Fusama Mie , Nakahara Hideko , Miyamae Takako , Mori Masaaki , Urata Yukitomo , Kawahata Kimito , Kawahito Yutaka , Kojima Masayo , Sugihara Takahiko , Hashimoto Motomu , Murashima Atsuko , Yajima Nobuyuki , Matsui Toshihiro 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT

Objectives
This study aimed at identifying challenges nurses face in caring for patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) in Japan.

Methods
Nurses certified by the Japan Rheumatism Foundation were asked to describe their challenges in caring for JIA patients. Data were analysed using qualitative content analysis.

Results
Responses were collected from 89 participants. Fifty-eight issues were identified from 40 participants with experience in caring for JIA patients. Sixteen categories emerged, which were grouped into five challenges: communication, understanding, expertise, system, and collaboration. Care for JIA patients included different challenges from adult patients with rheumatoid arthritis, such as complicated patient–parent relationships, inadequate patient independence, and insufficient patient information. Moreover, 76 issues from 49 participants with no experience were identified. Seven categories emerged, which were grouped into two challenges: expertise and opportunity. Issues included in expertise between both groups were similar. Even with no experience in caring for JIA patients, nurses recognized the importance of acquiring knowledge.

Conclusions
This is the first study in Japan regarding the difficulties nurses face in caring for JIA patients. Multidisciplinary team care and a comprehensive understanding of the patient journey, including relationships with guardians, acquaintances, and healthcare providers, are crucial to improve treatment outcome and overall patient quality of life.
Increased PTCHD4 expression via m6A modification of PTCHD4 mRNA promotes senescent cell survival
Authors: Rossi Martina , Banskota Nirad , Shin Chang Hoon , Anerillas Carlos , Tsitsipatis Dimitrios , Yang Jen-Hao , Munk Rachel , Martindale Jennifer L , Yang Xiaoling , Piao Yulan , Mazan-Mamczarz Krystyna , Fan Jinshui , Lehrmann Elin , Lam Kwan-Wood Gabriel , De Supriyo , Abdelmohsen Kotb , Gorospe Myriam 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
RNA modifications, including N6-methyladenosine (m6A), critically modulate protein expression programs in a range of cellular processes. Although the transcriptomes of cells undergoing senescence are strongly regulated, the landscape and impact of m6A modifications during senescence are poorly understood. Here, we report a robust m6A modification of PTCHD4 mRNA, encoding Patched Domain-Containing Protein 4, in senescent cells. The METTL3/METTL14 complex was found to incorporate the m6A modification on PTCHD4 mRNA; addition of m6A rendered PTCHD4 mRNA more stable and increased PTCHD4 production. MeRIP RT-qPCR and eCLIP analyses were used to map this m6A modification to the last exon of PTCHD4 mRNA. Further investigation identified IGF2BP1, but not other m6A readers, as responsible for the stabilization and increased abundance of m6A-modified PTCHD4 mRNA. Silencing PTCHD4, a transmembrane protein, enhanced growth arrest and DNA damage in pre-senescent cells and sensitized them to senolysis and apoptosis. Our results indicate that m6A modification of PTCHD4 mRNA increases the production of PTCHD4, a protein associated with senescent cell survival, supporting the notion that regulating m6A modification on specific mRNAs could be exploited to eliminate senescent cells for therapeutic benefit.
Skipping events impose repeated binding attempts: profound kinetic implications of protein–DNA conformational changes
Authors: Rogoulenko Elena , Levy Yaakov 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The kinetics of protein–DNA recognition, along with its thermodynamic properties, including affinity and specificity, play a central role in shaping biological function. Protein–DNA recognition kinetics are characterized by two key elements: the time taken to locate the target site amid various nonspecific alternatives; and the kinetics involved in the recognition process, which may necessitate overcoming an energetic barrier. In this study, we developed a coarse-grained (CG) model to investigate interactions between a transcription factor called the sex-determining region Y (SRY) protein and DNA, in order to probe how DNA conformational changes affect SRY–DNA recognition and binding kinetics. We find that, not only does a requirement for such a conformational DNA transition correspond to a higher energetic barrier for binding and therefore slower kinetics, it may further impede the recognition kinetics by increasing unsuccessful binding events (skipping events) where the protein partially binds its DNA target site but fails to form the specific protein–DNA complex. Such skipping events impose the need for additional cycles protein search of nonspecific DNA sites, thus significantly extending the overall recognition time. Our results highlight a trade-off between the speed with which the protein scans nonspecific DNA and the rate at which the protein recognizes its specific target site. Finally, we examine molecular approaches potentially adopted by natural systems to enhance protein–DNA recognition despite its intrinsically slow kinetics.