bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Coeliac disease in chronic hepatitis C: a French multicentre prospective study
Authors: THEVENOT T. , DENIS J. , JOUANNAUD V. , MONNET E. , RENOU C. , LABADIE H. , ABDELLI N. , NGUYEN‐KHAC E. , DUMOUCHEL P. , BRESSON‐HADNI S. , CHOUSTERMAN M. , DI MARTINO V. , CADRANEL J.‐F. 
Published: July 2010

SummaryBackground  A prevalence of 1.2% of coeliac disease (CD) in patients with chronic hepatitis C was recently reported, suggesting a possible epidemiological link between these two diseases. However, other studies have not found this relationship.Aim  To conduct a French multicentre prospective study to assess the prevalence of CD in hepatitis C virus (HCV)‐infected patients.Methods  Between June 2003 and November 2005, 624 consecutive HCV‐positive out‐patients were tested for antiendomysial IgA antibodies (AEA), antigliadin IgA and IgG antibodies (AGA). Patients with positive AEA or IgA AGA and positive IgG AGA in a context of a high suspicion of CD were asked to undergo gastroscopy with duodenal biopsies.Results  Isolated IgA AEA, IgA AGA and IgG AGA were 0.16%, 5.7% and 4.4%, respectively. Gastroscopy was required for 39 patients, 31 were performed (eight refusals), but only 25 duodenal biopsies were performed as six patients had cirrhosis. CD was never detected.Conclusions  The prevalence of CD in HCV‐positive patients was 0% (95% confidence interval: 0–0.59%), but there is a low prevalence of CD in the whole French population.
Hepatic steatosis in HIV‐HCV coinfected patients in France: comparison with HCV monoinfected patients matched for body mass index and HCV genotype
Authors: CASTÉRA L. , LOKO M. A. , LE BAIL B. , COFFIE P. , DE LEDINGHEN V. , TRIMOULET P. , WINNOCK M. , DABIS F. , NEAU D. ,   THE GROUPE D’EPIDÉMIOLOGIE CLINIQUE DU SIDA EN AQUITAINE (GECSA)
Published: July 2010

SummaryBackground  Significance of steatosis in HIV‐HCV coinfection remains controversial.Aim  To compare the prevalence and predictors of hepatic steatosis between HIV‐HCV and HCV patients matched for steatosis known determinants.Methods  A total of 564 HCV‐naive patients undergoing liver biopsy were studied: 137 with HIV‐HCV coinfection and 427 with HCV monoinfection, among whom 137 were matched for age, gender, body mass index and HCV genotype.Results  Steatosis of any grade (67.1% vs. 41.6%, P < 0.0001), mixed steatosis (55.4% vs. 21.1%, P < 0.0001), severe histological activity (A2‐A3: 78.1% vs. 55.5%, P < 0.0001) and severe fibrosis (F3‐F4: 33.1% vs. 15.3%, P < 0.0001) were significantly more common in coinfected than in matched monoinfected patients. In multivariate analysis, steatosis was associated only with severe histological activity [odds ratio (OR): 3.1 (95% CI: 1.3–7.1)] in coinfected patients and with elevated body mass index [OR; 1.3 (1.1–1.5)], HCV genotype 3 [OR: 5.6 (2.3–13.9)], severe histological activity [OR: 3.1 (1.3–7.3)] and severe fibrosis [OR: 4.7 (1.3–17.3)] in monoinfected patients.Conclusions  Steatosis is significantly more common and severe in HIV‐HCV coinfected than in HCV monoinfected French patients, even after matching for body mass index and HCV genotype. Steatosis is associated only with severe histological activity in coinfected patients and with previously reported factors in monoinfected patients, thus suggesting different underlying mechanisms.
Meta‐analysis: gastrointestinal bleeding due to interaction between selective serotonin uptake inhibitors and non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs
Authors: LOKE Y. K. , TRIVEDI A. N. , SINGH S. 
Published: July 2010

SummaryBackground  Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) have been associated with upper gastrointestinal haemorrhage (UGIH) but the magnitude and characteristics of this reaction and possible interaction with concurrent Non‐Steroidal Anti‐Inflammatory Drug (NSAID) therapy are unknown.Aim  To evaluate systematically the risk of UGIH with SSRIs, including interaction with NSAIDs.Methods  We searched PubMED, Science Citation Index, and trial registries for data on SSRIs, NSAIDs and UGIH. We evaluated spontaneous case reports from pharmacovigilance databases.Results  Random effects meta‐analysis of four observational studies involving 153 000 patients showed an odds ratio of 2.36 (95% CI: 1.44–3.85; P = 0.0006) for SSRI associated UGIH. The odds ratio increased to 6.33 (95% CI: 3.40–11.8; P < 0.00001) with concomitant NSAIDs. In patients aged above 50 years with no UGIH risk factors, the Number‐Needed‐to‐Harm per year is 411 for SSRIs alone, and 106 with concomitant NSAIDs. Analysis of 101 spontaneous reports showed that UGIH occurred after a median of 25 weeks with SSRIs. Around 67% of these patients were on NSAIDs.Conclusions  Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor use, alone and in combination with NSAIDs, substantially increases the risk of UGIH. Clinicians should consider this when managing patients at risk of, or presenting with UGIH.
Clinical trial: multispecies probiotic supplementation alleviates the symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome and stabilizes intestinal microbiota
Authors: KAJANDER K. , MYLLYLUOMA E. , RAJILIĆ‐STOJANOVIĆ M. , KYRÖNPALO S. , RASMUSSEN M. , JÄRVENPÄÄ S. , ZOETENDAL E. G. , DE VOS W. M. , VAPAATALO H. , KORPELA R. 
Published: July 2010

SummaryBackground  Irritable bowel syndrome is the most common diagnosis in gastroenterology. Trials suggest certain probiotics to be beneficial.Aim  To investigate the effects of multispecies probiotic supplementation (Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG, L. rhamnosus Lc705, Propionibacterium freudenreichii ssp. shermanii JS and Bifidobacterium animalis ssp. lactis Bb12) on abdominal symptoms, quality of life, intestinal microbiota and inflammatory markers in irritable bowel syndrome.Methods  Eighty‐six irritable bowel syndrome patients (Rome II criteria) participated in this randomized, placebo‐controlled 5‐month intervention. Patients were randomized to receive daily either multispecies probiotic supplementation or placebo. Irritable bowel syndrome symptoms, quality of life, microarray‐based intestinal microbiota stability (n = 20), serum cytokines and sensitive C‐reactive protein were monitored.Results  The composite irritable bowel syndrome score had at 5 months decreased 14 points (95% CI: −19 to −9) from baseline with the multispecies probiotic vs. three points (95% CI: −8 to 1) with placebo (P = 0.0083). Especially, distension and abdominal pain were affected. A stabilization of the microbiota was observed, as the microbiota similarity index increased with the probiotic supplementation (1.9 ± 3.1), while it decreased with placebo (−2.9 ± 1.7). No differences were seen in C‐reactive protein.Conclusions  This multispecies probiotic seems to be an effective and safe option to alleviate symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome, and to stabilize the intestinal microbiota.
The association of MYO9B gene in Italian patients with inflammatory bowel diseases
Authors: LATIANO A. , PALMIERI O. , VALVANO M. R. , D’INCÀ R. , CAPRILLI R. , CUCCHIARA S. , STURNIOLO G. C. , BOSSA F. , ANDRIULLI A. , ANNESE V. 
Published: July 2010

SummaryBackground  Variants of myosin IXB (MYO9B) gene, encoding for a motor protein implicated in epithelial permeability, have been recently associated with inflammatory bowel disease.Aims  To investigate the contribution of three polymorphisms of MYO9B gene for predisposition to Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis, their association with clinical phenotypes, particularly intestinal permeability, and possible interaction with the CARD15 gene.Methods  549 Crohn’s disease patients, 658 ulcerative colitis patients and 674 controls were genotyped for the rs962917, rs1545620 and rs2305764 single nucleotide polymorphisms.Results  Highly significant genotypic association with Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis was shown for all three single nucleotide polymorphisms, with odds ratio ranging from 1.5 to 1.7 (P‐value: <0.01 to <0.002). A significant difference in allele frequencies was also observed in inflammatory bowel disease patients, with the single most significant association for rs1545620, detected in 47% of Crohn’s disease, 47% of ulcerative colitis patients and 42% of controls (P < 0.005). No association with specific sub‐phenotypes was found, with the exception of a trend towards an abnormal intestinal permeability (P = 0.043) in Crohn’s disease carrying the rs1545620 risk allele.Conclusions  Our findings confirm the association between the MYO9B polymorphisms and susceptibility to both ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease, with a weak influence on sub‐phenotypic expression.
Clinical trial: oral prednisolone metasulfobenzoate (Predocol) vs. oral prednisolone for active ulcerative colitis
Authors: RHODES J. M. , ROBINSON R. , BEALES I. , PUGH S. , DICKINSON R. , DRONFIELD M. , SPEIRS C. J. , WILKINSON P. , WILKINSON S. P. 
Published: July 2010

SummaryBackground  Systemic corticosteroids are effective in ulcerative colitis but commonly cause side effects.Aim  To compare the safety and efficacy of a sparingly absorbed formulation of prednisolone metasulfobenzoate (Predocol) with a conventional tapering course of oral prednisolone.Method  In a double‐blind randomized study, 59 active ulcerative colitis patients received Predocol 40 mg/day for 6 months, 61 received Predocol 60 mg/day for 6 months and 61 received prednisolone 40 mg/day for 2 weeks, tapered to week 8, followed by placebo until 6 months.Results  Steroid‐related side effects assessed using a 10‐cm visual analogue scale were fewer at 2 months with Predocol 40 mg [VAS 8.1 cm (2.6), mean (s.d.)], or 60 mg [8.1 (2.1)] compared with prednisolone [6.7 (2.7); P = 0.01]. Mood changes affected 43% receiving prednisolone at 4 weeks vs. 8% for Predocol 40 mg (P = 0.001). Remission rates (Powell‐Tuck ≤2) at 2 months were Predocol 40 mg 46%, Predocol 60 mg 28% and tapering prednisolone 41% (P = 0.13). Visual analogue scale for efficacy also showed non‐inferiority for Predocol 40 mg/day. Remission rates at 6 months were Predocol 40 mg 51%, Predocol 60 mg 38% and tapering prednisolone 32% (P = 0.08).Conclusion  Predocol 40 mg/day has similar efficacy but markedly fewer side effects than a conventional tapering prednisolone regimen (ISRCTN14133410).
The incidence of Crohn’s disease in Cardiff over the last 75 years: an update for 1996–2005
Authors: GUNESH S. , THOMAS G. A. O. , WILLIAMS G. T. , ROBERTS A. , HAWTHORNE A. B. 
Published: July 2010

SummaryBackground The incidence of Crohn's disease rose rapidly in industralized countries over the past 50 years, but it is unclear whether the incidence is still rising or has reached a plateau.Aims  To update the long‐term incidence study of Crohn’s disease in Cardiff for 1996–2005, to investigate whether incidence is still rising and to study changes in disease characteristics over time.Method  Crohn’s cases identified by retrospective analysis of hospital records as in previous studies in Cardiff.Results  Two hundred and twelve cases were identified. Corrected incidence for this decade was 66 × 106 per year (95% confidence interval: 58–76), showing a continuing rise compared to previous decades. The proportion with colonic disease at presentation continues to rise (43%) with a corresponding fall in those with terminal ileal disease. There remains a strong female preponderance (F:M 1.6:1) as in previous studies. The incidence in children under age 16 continues to rise, and the median age at diagnosis has fallen slightly.Conclusion  Crohn’s disease incidence continues to rise slowly in Cardiff with a continuing increase in those presenting with colonic disease, which is now the commonest disease pattern.
Factors predicting survival in patients with advanced oesophageal cancer: a prospective multicentre evaluation
Authors: BERGQUIST H. , JOHNSSON Å. , HAMMERLID E. , WENGER U. , LUNDELL L. , RUTH M. 
Published: July 2010

SummaryBackground  Oesophageal cancer is often diagnosed at an advanced stage, with poor prognosis and severe morbidity. In majority of cases, palliative treatment is the only option available.Aim  To find factors that can predict survival for patients with incurable cancer of the oesophagus or gastro‐oesophageal junction and hence aid in the choice of treatment.Methods  Ninety‐six patients were included. Health‐related quality of life questionnaires (EORTC QLQ C‐30 and QLQ OES18) were administered and computerized tomography‐derived size assessment of the primary tumours was performed. Univariate and multivariate Cox‐regression analyses were used to determine potential predictors of survival.Results  Karnofsky Index, occurrence of metastases (M‐stage), Union International Contre le Cancer‐stage, computerized tomography‐derived tumour size assessment and 10 of 25 scales and single items from the health‐related quality of life questionnaires were found to be related to survival. In the multivariate analysis, three of the health‐related quality of life questionnaire scales (physical functioning, fatigue and reflux) were found to add prognostic information to M‐stage, the single strongest predictor (HR 1.9, P < 0.01).Conclusion  In addition to M‐stage, the outcome of health‐related quality of life questionnaires can sharpen the prediction of survival in patients with advanced cancer of the oesophagus or gastro‐oesophageal junction and thus aid in the choice of palliative treatment strategy.
Review article: endoscopic antireflux procedures – an unfulfilled promise?
Authors: PACE F. , COSTAMAGNA G. , PENAGINI R. , REPICI A. , ANNESE V. 
Published: July 2010

SummaryBackground  Most published reviews concerning the endoscopic treatment of gastro‐oesophageal reflux disease date back to 2005.Aim  To provide an updated review that includes all papers published up to 2007.Methods  A Medline search from January 2005 to June 2007 was performed regarding endoscopic procedures aiming at treating gastro‐oesophageal reflux disease. In addition, we retrieved the abstracts presented at Digestive Disease Week during the last 3 years. We included in the review both ‘mechanistic’ studies – that is, papers exploring the potential mechanism of action of the procedure/device – and studies trying to assess its clinical efficacy.Results  During the last 3 years, the number of published papers has declined, and some devices are not available any more. The alleged mechanism(s) of action of the various devices or procedures is (are) still not completely elucidated; however, some concerns have arisen as far as durability and potential detrimental effects. Moreover, all the aspects of endoscopic therapy, except for its safety, are either insufficiently explored or not investigated at all, or assessed only in particularly selected patient subgroups.Conclusions  None of the proposed antireflux therapies has fulfilled the criteria of efficacy, safety, cost, durability and, possibly, of reversibility. There is at present no definite indication for endoscopic therapy of gastro‐oesophageal reflux disease. We suggest a list of recommendations to be followed when a new endoscopic therapeutic procedure is to be assessed for use in clinical practice.
The clinical spectrum of cytomegalovirus colitis in adults
Authors: EINBINDER Y. , WOLF D. G. , PAPPO O. , MIGDAL A. , TSVANG E. , ACKERMAN Z. 
Published: July 2010

SummaryBackground  Colonic cytomegalovirus reactivation rarely occurs in adults without inflammatory bowel disease or a known immunosuppressive state.Aim  To describe our experience with such patients.Methods  All consecutive admissions of patients with possible cytomegalovirus colitis, between 1995 and 2006, were reviewed retrospectively.Results  Nineteen patients were studied. Most of the patients were elderly with multiple co‐morbidities. Three main forms of disease presentation were recognized: acute diarrhoea, chronic diarrhoea and lower gastrointestinal bleeding. Colonic mucosal intranuclear inclusion bodies were found in 12 patients. Thirteen patients had cytomegalovirus viraemia (either by polymerase chain reaction and/or by white blood cell‐cytomegalovirus antigenaemia test). Ganciclovir therapy was given to only eight patients; only five of these patients survived. The other subgroup of 11 patients received only supportive therapy. Most of the patients from this subgroup had a prolonged and complicated hospital course; only nine patients survived. Follow‐up colonoscopies were performed only in five patients (out of the 14 patients who survived). In four of these patients, chronic mucosal inflammatory changes were noted.Conclusions  Cytomegalovirus colitis occurs rarely in adult individuals. The disease may have various and multiple acute and/or chronic clinical manifestations. Clinical awareness of this condition is needed.
Review article: evolving concepts in treatment and disease modification in ulcerative colitis
Authors: HANAUER S. B. 
Published: July 2010

SummaryBackground  More than two‐thirds of ulcerative colitis patients experience at least one relapse over a period of 10 years. Treatments that reduce the likelihood of relapses also reduce the risk of long‐term complications.Aim  To review three topics: the current standard of treatment for ulcerative colitis, evolving concepts in treatment, and disease modification as a treatment goal of the future.Results  Currently, 5‐aminosalicylates are the standard treatment for the induction and maintenance of remission in mild‐to‐moderate ulcerative colitis patients. Evidence suggests that patients who take oral 5‐aminosalicylates regularly are nearly six times more likely to experience regression in disease severity than those who do not. Additional treatment options such as corticosteroids, immunomodulators, biological therapies and ciclosporin are available for moderate‐to‐severe ulcerative colitis patients, or those who do not respond to 5‐aminosalicylate. Surgery becomes pertinent for more than one‐third of ulcerative colitis patients during the course of their disease. With the availability of a variety of therapies, advances in surgery and improved management strategies, a better understanding of patient treatment expectations can help improve the quality of care for ulcerative colitis patients.Conclusions  Disease modification is increasingly becoming a treatment goal in the management of ulcerative colitis. However, long‐term studies are needed to examine further the disease modifying role of 5‐aminosalicylates.
Impairment of health‐related quality of life in functional dyspepsia and chronic liver disease: the influence of depression and anxiety
Authors: HAAG S. , SENF W. , HÄUSER W. , TAGAY S. , GRANDT D. , HEUFT G. , GERKEN G. , TALLEY N. J. , HOLTMANN G. 
Published: July 2010

SummaryBackground  Health‐related quality of life (HRQOL) is a marker of disease severity. Data on the relative impairment of HRQOL in chronic liver disease (CLD) and functional gastrointestinal disorders are lacking and no studies have assessed the link between impairment of HRQOL and psychosocial factors yet.Aim  To assess predictors for, and the impairment of, HRQOL in CLD and FD.Methods  In 181 functional dyspepsia (FD) patients, 204 CLD patients and 337 healthy blood donors, HRQOL was assessed with the Short Form‐36 (mental and physical component), and anxiety and depression utilizing the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale.Results  Compared with HC, HRQOL is significantly lower in FD and CLD (P‐value for all <0.001). The mental but not physical component of HRQOL was significantly more impaired in FD compared with CLD (P < 0.05). After adjusting for confounders, impairment of mental (P < 0.001) and physical (P = 0.005) component of HRQOL was associated with the severity of CLD and FD. In FD, the multivariate analysis revealed depression and severity of symptoms as the most important predictors of HRQOL (R2 = 21.9 and 7.1). In CLD, the mental component of HRQOL was associated with depression and anxiety (R2 = 9.9 and 9.7).Conclusions  In tertiary care, HRQOL is more severely impaired in FD compared with CLD. Co‐morbid psychiatric conditions significantly contribute to the impairment of HRQOL.
Review article: gastrointestinal sensory and motor disturbances in inflammatory bowel disease – clinical relevance and pathophysiological mechanisms
Authors: DE SCHEPPER H. U. , DE MAN J. G. , MOREELS T. G. , PELCKMANS P. A. , DE WINTER B. Y. 
Published: July 2010

SummaryBackground  It is well known that inflammation has a profound impact on the neuromuscular apparatus of the gastrointestinal tract during the inflammatory insult and in periods of remission, at the site of inflammation and at distance from this site. The importance of this interaction is illustrated by the higher prevalence of functional gut disorders in patients with inflammatory bowel disease.Aims  To document the epidemiological and clinical significance of functional alterations of gut motility and sensitivity in patients with inflammatory bowel disease and to formulate potential pathophysiological mechanisms.Results and conclusions  Functional gut disorders occur frequently in patients with inflammatory bowel disease, both during inflammatory episodes and in periods of remission, and have a major impact on their quality of life. The clinical manifestations of these motility and sensitivity disorders vary and are often difficult to treat, mainly because therapeutic guidelines and specific diagnostic tests to distinguish inflammatory bowel disease from functional gut disorders are lacking. Chronic bowel inflammation results in a complicated interaction between neuroendocrine serotonin‐predominant cells of the mucosa, inflammatory cells (particularly mast cells) in the submucosa, the intrinsic and extrinsic innervation and the muscular apparatus including the interstitial cells of Cajal. The outcome of this interaction is a perturbation of gastrointestinal motor function, both locally and at distance from the site of inflammation and during both acute inflammation and remission.
Review article: self‐report measures to evaluate constipation
Authors: MCCREA G. L. , MIASKOWSKI C. , STOTTS N. A. , MACERA L. , HART S. A. , VARMA M. G. 
Published: July 2010

SummaryBackground  Constipation is a subjective phenomenon, and as such must be evaluated using patient self‐report. Valid and reliable measures of constipation are essential to standardize the diagnosis, assess the severity and evaluate the effectiveness of treatments.Aim  To compare and contrast published self‐report measures of constipation in terms of development, content, general characteristics, psychometric properties and clinical utility.Methods  MEDLINE (1966–2007), CINAHL (1980–2007), Cochrane (1993–2007) and Web of Science (1995–2007) were searched to identify self‐report measures of constipation. Measures of constipation were selected if they: (i) were self‐report measures that measured only constipation; (ii) had undergone psychometric testing; (iii) were used in adults and (iv) were written in English.Results  Seven self‐report measures of constipation were identified. The content areas evaluated by these measures varied. Only two measures had adequate validity and reliability, sensitivity to change, or were tested in more than one sample.Conclusions  Findings from this review suggest that the Chinese Constipation Questionnaire and the Patient Assessment of Constipation‐Symptom Questionnaire demonstrate adequate psychometric properties for a constipation measure. Additional research is warranted to refine or develop a more comprehensive self‐report measure to evaluate constipation in adults.