bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
WAVE3, an actin remodeling protein, is regulated by the metastasis suppressor microRNA, miR‐31, during the invasion‐metastasis cascade
Authors: Sossey‐Alaoui Khalid , Downs‐Kelly Erinn , Das Mitali , Izem Lahoucine , Tubbs Raymond , Plow Edward F. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractWAVE3, an actin cytoskeleton remodeling protein, is highly expressed in advanced stages of breast cancer and influences tumor cell invasion. Loss of miR‐31 has been associated with cancer progression and metastasis. Here, we show that the activity of WAVE3 to promote cancer cell invasion is regulated by miR‐31. An inverse correlation was demonstrated between expression levels of WAVE3 and miR‐31 in invasive versus noninvasive breast cancer cell lines. miR‐31 directly targeted the 3'‐UTR of the WAVE3 mRNA and inhibited its expression in the invasive cancer cells, i.e., miR‐31‐mediated down‐regulation of WAVE3 resulted in a significant reduction in the invasive phenotype of cancer cells. This relationship was specific to the loss of WAVE3 expression because re‐expression of a miR‐31‐resistant form of WAVE3 reversed miR‐31‐mediated inhibition of cancer cell invasion. Furthermore, expression of miR‐31 correlates inversely with breast cancer progression in humans, where an increase in expression of miR‐31 target genes was observed as the tumors progressed to more aggressive forms. In conclusion, a novel mechanism for the regulation of WAVE3 expression in cancer cells has been identified, which controls the invasive properties of cancer cells. The study also identifies a critical role for WAVE3, downstream of miR‐31, in the invasion‐metastasis cascade.
A pooled analysis of 14 cohort studies of anthropometric factors and pancreatic cancer risk
Authors: Genkinger Jeanine M. , Spiegelman Donna , Anderson Kristin E. , Bernstein Leslie , van den Brandt Piet A. , Calle Eugenia E. , English Dallas R. , Folsom Aaron R. , Freudenheim Jo L. , Fuchs Charles S. , Giles Graham G. , Giovannucci Edward , Horn‐Ross Pamela L. , Larsson Susanna C. , Leitzmann Michael , Männistö Satu , Marshall James R. , Miller Anthony B. , Patel Alpa V. , Rohan Thomas E. , Stolzenberg‐Solomon Rachael Z. , Verhage Bas AJ , Virtamo Jarmo , Willcox Bradley J. , Wolk Alicja , Ziegler Regina G. , Smith‐Warner Stephanie A. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractEpidemiologic studies of pancreatic cancer risk have reported null or nonsignificant positive associations for obesity, while associations for height have been null. Waist and hip circumference have been evaluated infrequently. A pooled analysis of 14 cohort studies on 846,340 individuals was conducted; 2,135 individuals were diagnosed with pancreatic cancer during follow‐up. Study‐specific relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated by Cox proportional hazards models, and then pooled using a random effects model. Compared to individuals with a body mass index (BMI) at baseline between 21–22.9 kg/m2, pancreatic cancer risk was 47% higher (95%CI:23–75%) among obese (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2) individuals. A positive association was observed for BMI in early adulthood (pooled multivariate [MV]RR = 1.30, 95%CI = 1.09–1.56 comparing BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2 to a BMI between 21 and 22.9 kg/m2). Compared to individuals who were not overweight in early adulthood (BMI < 25 kg/m2) and not obese at baseline (BMI < 30 kg/m2), pancreatic cancer risk was 54% higher (95%CI = 24–93%) for those who were overweight in early adulthood and obese at baseline. We observed a 40% higher risk among individuals who had gained BMI ≥ 10 kg/m2 between BMI at baseline and younger ages compared to individuals whose BMI remained stable. Results were either similar or slightly stronger among never smokers. A positive association was observed between waist to hip ratio (WHR) and pancreatic cancer risk (pooled MVRR = 1.35 comparing the highest versus lowest quartile, 95%CI = 1.03–1.78). BMI and WHR were positively associated with pancreatic cancer risk. Maintaining normal body weight may offer a feasible approach to reducing morbidity and mortality from pancreatic cancer.
Podoplanin expression correlates with sentinel lymph node metastasis in early squamous cell carcinomas of the oral cavity and oropharynx
Authors: Huber Gerhard Frank , Fritzsche Florian R. , Züllig Lena , Storz Martina , Graf Nicole , Haerle Stephan K. , Jochum Wolfram , Stoeckli Sandro J. , Moch Holger 
Published: November 2010

AbstractIn patients with early head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), occult lymph node metastasis is difficult to predict by clinical or pathological parameters. However, such parameters are necessary to select patients either for elective neck dissection or the sentinel lymph node (SLN) procedure. The membrane glycoprotein podoplanin is normally expressed in lymphatic endothelial cells. Recently, expression of podoplanin by cancer cells was demonstrated to promote tumor cell motility and tumor lymphangiogenesisin vitro. The value of cancer cell‐expressed podoplanin was to be determined as a predictive marker for SLN metastasis in early HNSCC of the oral cavity and oropharynx. One hundred twenty patients with HNSCC of the oral cavity and oropharynx undergoing a SLN biopsy were enrolled in this prospective clinical trial of SLN biopsy. Cancer cell‐expressed podoplanin was determined by immunohistochemistry using tissue microarrays. Podoplanin expression was quantified by the intensity reactivity score and categorized into expression and nonexpression. SLN examination revealed occult metastasis in 45 patients (37.5%). Twenty‐nine of 120 (24.2%) primary HNSCC showed podoplanin expression. Podoplanin expression correlated significantly with SLN metastasis (p= 0.029) and remained a significant predictor for lymph node status even after controlling for tumor stage (p= 0.028). As a predictive marker for SLN metastasis, however, podoplanin expression reached a sensitivity of a mere 36% and a specificity of 83%. Podoplanin expression is associated with metastasis to lymph nodesin vivo.Podoplanin immunohistochemistry in early HNSCC of the oral cavity and oropharynx may help to select patients for the SLN procedure and to identify patients with increased risk for presence of occult lymph node metastasis in the neck.
Protective effects of lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratusSTAPF) essential oil on DNA damage and carcinogenesis in female Balb/C mice
Authors: Bidinotto Lucas T. , Costa Celso A. R. A. , Salvadori Daisy M. F. , Costa Mirtes , Rodrigues Maria A. M. , Barbisan Luís F. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractThis study investigated the protective effect of oral treatment with lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratusSTAPF) essential oil (LGEO) on leukocyte DNA damage induced byN‐methyl‐N‐nitrosurea (MNU). Also, the anticarcinogenic activity of LGEO was investigated in a multi‐organ carcinogenesis bioassay induced by 7,12‐dimethylbenz(a)antracene, 1,2‐dimethylhydrazine andN‐butyl‐N‐(4‐hydroxibuthyl)nitrosamine in Balb/C female Balb/c mice (DDB‐initiated mice). In the short‐term study, the animals were allocated into three groups: vehicle group (negative control), MNU group (positive control) and LGEO 500 mg kg−1(five times per week for 5 weeks) plus MNU group (test group). Blood samples were collected to analyze leukocyte DNA damage by comet assay 4 h after each MNU application at the end of weeks 3 and 5. The LGEO 500 mg kg−1treated group showed significantly lower (P< 0.01) leukocyte DNA damage than its respective positive group exposed to MNU alone at week 3. In the medium‐term study, DDB‐initiated mice were allocated into three groups: vehicle group (positive control) and LGEO 125 or 500 mg kg−1(five times per week for 6 weeks; test groups). At week 20, all animals were euthanized and mammary glands, colon and urinary bladder were processed for histopathological analyses for detection of preneoplastic and neoplastic lesions. A slight non‐significant effect of treatment with LGEO 500 mg kg−1in reducing development of alveolar and ductal mammary hyperplasia was found (P= 0.075). Our findings indicate that lemongrass essential oil provided protective action against MNU‐induced DNA damage and a potential anticarcinogenic activity against mammary carcinogenesis in DDB‐initiated female Balb/C mice. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
APPswe/Aβ regulation of osteoclast activation and RAGE expression in an age-dependent manner
Authors: Cui Shun , Xiong Fei , Hong Yan , Jung Ji-Ung , Li Xing-Sheng , Liu Jian-Zhong , Yan Riqiang , Mei Lin , Feng Xu , Xiong Wen-Cheng 
Published: November 2010

Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD), one of the most dreaded neurodegenerative disorders, is characterized by cortical and cerebrovascular amyloid β peptide (Aβ) deposits, neurofibrillary tangles, chronic inflammation, and neuronal loss. Increased bone fracture rates and reduced bone density are commonly observed in patients with AD, suggesting one or more common denominators between both disorders. However, very few studies are available that have addressed this issue. Here, we present evidence for a function of amyloid precursor protein (APP) and Aβ in regulating osteoclast (OC) differentiation in vitro and in vivo. Tg2576 mice, which express the Swedish mutation of APP (APPswe) under the control of a prion promoter,1,2 exhibit biphasic effects on OC activation, with an increase of OCs in younger mice (&lt; 4 months old), but a decrease in older Tg2576 mice (&gt; 4 months old). The increase of OCs in young Tg2576 mice appears to be mediated by Aβ oligomers and receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) expression in bone marrow macrophages (BMMs). However, the decrease of OC formation and activity in older Tg2576 mice may be due to the increase of soluble rage (sRAGE) in aged Tg2576 mice, an inhibitor of RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis. These results suggest an unexpected function of APPswe/Aβ, reveal a mechanism underlying altered bone remodeling in AD patients, and implicate APP/Aβ and RAGE as common denominators for both AD and osteoporosis. © 2011 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Resistance/Reactance Level
Authors: Beutler Larry E. , Harwood T. Mark , Michelson Aaron , Song Xiaoxia , Holman John 
Published: November 2010

AbstractPsychotherapists from all professions and perspectives periodically struggle to effectively manage a patient's resistance to change. This article provides definitions and examples of patient‐treatment matching applied to patient resistance or reactance. We report the results from an original meta‐analysis of 12 select studies (N = 1,102) on matching therapist directiveness to patient reactance. Our findings support the hypothesis that patients exhibiting low levels of trait‐like resistance respond better to directive types of treatment, while patients with high levels of resistance respond best to nondirective treatments (d = .82). Limitations of the research reviewed are noted, and practice recommendations are advanced. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Psychol: In Session 67:133–142, 2011.
What works for whom: Tailoring psychotherapy to the person
Authors: Norcross John C. , Wampold Bruce E. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractThis article introduces the issue of the Journal of Clinical Psychology: In Session devoted to evidence‐based means of adapting psychotherapy to the patient's (transdiagnostic) characteristics. Practitioners have long realized that treatment should be tailored to the individuality of the patient and the singularity of his or her context, but only recently has sufficient empirical research emerged to reliably guide practice. This article reviews the work of an interdivisional task force and its dual aims of identifying elements of effective therapy relationships (what works in general) and identifying effective methods of adapting treatment to the individual patient (what works in particular). The task force judged four patient characteristics (reactance/resistance, preferences, culture, religion/spirituality) to be demonstrably effective in adapting psychotherapy and another two (stages of change, coping style) as probably effective. Two more patient facets (expectations, attachment style) were related to psychotherapy outcome but possessed insufficient research as a means of adaptation. This special issue provides research‐supported methods of individualizing psychotherapy to the person, in addition to his or her diagnosis. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Psychol: In Session 67:127–132, 2011.
Ontogeny of ENaC expression in the gills and the kidneys of the Japanese black salamander (Hynobius nigrescens Stejneger)
Authors: Uchiyama Minoru , Kumano Tomoko , Konno Norifumi , Yoshizawa Hideki , Matsuda Kouhei 
Published: November 2010

AbstractA full‐length cDNA cloning and tissue distribution of epithelial sodium channel (ENaC) protein were studied during ontogeny by immunohistochemistry in the external gills, and the kidney, pronephros and mesonephros, of the Japanese black salamander, Hynobius nigrescens (Family Hynobiidae; a primitive caudate species). The amino acid sequence of Hynobius ENaCα is 64 and 63% identical to Bufo ENaCα and Rat ENaCα, respectively. In aquatic larva salamander at the digit differentiation stage, Hynobius ENaCα mRNA was expressed in the external gills and pronephros. In the adult, the mRNA was expressed in the skin and the mesonephros. In the larvae, juvenile, and adult specimens, Hynobius ENaCα immunoreactivity was observed at the apical cell membrane of the external gills, late parts of the distal tubules, and mesonephric duct in the kidney. Colocalization of the apical Hynobius ENaCα and the basolateral Na+,K+‐ATPase was observed in the tubular cells of pronephros and mesonephros. These results suggest that Hynobius ENaCα plays an important role in the regulation of sodium transport in the external gills and pronephros of aquatic larvae, and in the skin and mesonephros of terrestrial adult. This is the first study to indicate ENaC expression during ontogeny in amphibians. Since no orthologs or paralogs for ENaC have been found, so far, in databases of the genomes of teleosts, it is assumed that ENaC might have played a role in terrestriality during the evolution of early tetrapods, the origin of lissamphibians. J. Exp. Zool. (Mol. Dev. Evol.) 316:135–145, 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Retrospective review of emergency response activations during a 13‐year period at a tertiary care children's hospital
Authors: Wang George Sam , Erwin Nicole , Zuk Jeannie , Henry Desmond B. , Dobyns Emily L. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractOBJECTIVES:Pediatric in‐hospital arrests are uncommon but are associated with poor outcomes. In preparation for implenting a Rapid Response Team (RRT) at The Children's Hospital, we reviewed our data collection of 13 years of emergency response team (ERT) activations. We describe demographic and clinical variables, including outcomes of ERT activations at a free‐standing tertiary care children's hospital.METHODS:Analysis was performed on data collected from January 1993 through July 2007. Variables collected included age, sex, admission diagnosis, core event, admission diagnosis and secondary diagnosis, medical division or winter/nonwinter months, day/night shifts, survival of core event, survival to discharge, and primary attending service.RESULTS:There were 1537 ERT activations in the database, 203 were eliminated due to missing data or were adult visitors/employees. The remaining 1334 were included for analysis. Our results showed 39%(511) of all ERT activations occurred in patients under 1 year of age. The most common admission diagnosis category was cardiac disease. There was no statistical significance between summer and winter months although more activations occurred during daytime hours (P < .001). Survival rate of an ERT was 90%, with a 78% survival rate to discharge.CONCLUSION:Our data support the general belief that younger children with chronic disease are at highest risk for ERT activations. These risk factors should be taken into consideration when planning patient placement, medical staffing, and the threshold for ICU consultations or admissions. More extensive multisite studies using clinical data are necessary to further identify hospitalized children at risk for sudden decompensation. Journal of Hospital Medicine 2010;. © 2010 Society of Hospital Medicine.
Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging of pulmonary hypertension: Pulmonary vessels and right ventricle
Authors: Ley Sebastian , Grünig Ekkehard , Kiely David G. , van Beek Edwin , Wild Jim 
Published: November 2010

AbstractPulmonary hypertension (PH) is very heterogeneous and the classification identifies five major groups including many associated disease processes. The treatment of PH depends on the underlying cause and accurate classification is paramount. A comprehensive assessment to identify the cause and severity of PH is therefore needed. Furthermore, follow‐up assessments are required to monitor changes in disease status and response to therapy. Traditionally, the diagnostic imaging work‐up of PH comprised mainly echocardiography, invasive right heart catheterization, and ventilation/perfusion scintigraphy. Due to technical advances, multidetector row computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) have become important and complementary investigations in the evaluation of patients with suspected PH. Both modalities are reviewed and recommendations for clinical use are given. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2010;32:1313–1324. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging in cystic fibrosis lung disease
Authors: Eichinger Monika , Heussel Claus‐Peter , Kauczor Hans‐Ulrich , Tiddens Harm , Puderbach Michael 
Published: November 2010

AbstractComputed tomography (CT) is the current “gold standard” for assessment of lung morphology and is so far the most reliable imaging modality for monitoring cystic fibrosis (CF) lung disease. CT has a much higher radiation exposure than chest x‐ray. The cumulative radiation dose for life‐long repeated CT scans has limited its use for CF patients as their life expectancy increases. Clearly, no dose would be preferable over low dose when the same or more relevant information can be obtained. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is comparable to CT with regard to the detection of most morphological changes in the CF lung. It is thought to be less sensitive to detect small airway disease. At the same time, MRI is superior to CT when it comes to the assessment of functional changes such as altered pulmonary perfusion. The recommendation is to further reduce radiation dose related to the use of CT and to use MRI in the follow‐up of morphological changes where possible. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2010;32:1370–1378. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Imaging of lung function using hyperpolarized helium‐3 magnetic resonance imaging: Review of current and emerging translational methods and applications
Authors: Fain Sean , Schiebler Mark L. , McCormack David G. , Parraga Grace 
Published: November 2010

AbstractDuring the past several years there has been extensive development and application of hyperpolarized helium‐3 (HP 3He) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in clinical respiratory indications such as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, cystic fibrosis, radiation‐induced lung injury, and transplantation. This review focuses on the state‐of‐the‐art of HP 3He MRI and its application to clinical pulmonary research. This is not an overview of the physics of the method, as this topic has been covered previously. We focus here on the potential of this imaging method and its challenges in demonstrating new types of information that has the potential to influence clinical research and decision making in pulmonary medicine. Particular attention is given to functional imaging approaches related to ventilation and diffusion‐weighted imaging with applications in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, cystic fibrosis, asthma, and radiation‐induced lung injury. The strengths and challenges of the application of 3He MRI in these indications are discussed along with a comparison to established and emerging imaging techniques. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2010;32:1398–1408. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Recent technological and application developments in computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging for improved pulmonary nodule detection and lung cancer staging
Authors: Sieren Jessica C. , Ohno Yoshiharu , Koyama Hisanobu , Sugimura Kazuro , McLennan Geoffrey 
Published: November 2010

AbstractThis review compares the emerging technologies and approaches in the application of magnetic resonance (MR) and computed tomography (CT) imaging for the assessment of pulmonary nodules and staging of malignant findings. Included in this review is a brief definition of pulmonary nodules and an introduction to the challenges faced. We have highlighted the current status of both MR and CT for the early detection of lung nodules. Developments are detailed in this review for the management of pulmonary nodules using advanced imaging, including: dynamic imaging studies, dual energy CT, computer aided detection and diagnosis, and imaging assisted nodule biopsy approaches which have improved lung nodule detection and diagnosis rates. Recent advancements linking in vivo imaging to corresponding histological pathology are also highlighted. In vivo imaging plays a pivotal role in the clinical staging of pulmonary nodules through TNM assessment. While CT and positron emission tomography (PET)/CT are currently the most commonly clinically employed modalities for pulmonary nodule staging, studies are presented that highlight the augmentative potential of MR. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2010;32:1353–1369. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography of respiratory mechanics
Authors: Biederer Jürgen , Hintze Christian , Fabel Michael , Dinkel Julien 
Published: November 2010

AbstractRadiotherapy for organs with respiratory motion has motivated the development of dynamic volume lung imaging with computed tomography (4D‐CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (4D‐MRI). 4D‐CT can be realized in helical (continuous couch translation during image acquisition) or cine mode (translation step‐by‐step), either acquired prospectively or reconstructed retrospectively with temporal resolutions of up to 250 msec. Long exposure times result in high radiation dose and restrict 4D‐CT to specific indications (ie, radiotherapy planning). Dynamic MRI accelerated by parallel imaging and echo sharing reaches temporal resolutions of up to 10 images/sec (2D+t) or 1 volume/s (3D+t) that allow analyzing respiratory motion of the lung and its tumors. Near isotropic 4D‐MRI can be used to assess tumor displacement, chest wall invasion, and segmental respiratory mechanics. Limited temporal resolution of dynamic volume acquisitions (in their current implementation) may lead to an overestimation of tumor size, as the mass is volume averaged into many voxels during motion. Nevertheless, 4D‐MRI allows for repeated and prolonged measurements without radiation exposure and therefore appears to be appropriate for patient selection in motion‐adapted radiotherapy as well as for a broad spectrum of scientific applications. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2010;32:1388–1397. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.