bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rheological, porosimetric, and SEM studies of cements with additions of natural zeolites
Authors: Lilkov V. , Petrov O. , Tzvetanova Y. 
Published: August 2011

AbstractRheological, porosimetric, and SEM studies of cements with additions of natural zeolites (chabazite, mordenite and clinoptilolite) were investigated. The addition of 5% zeolite to cement pastes had a plastifying effect. The increase in the rheological parameters of aqueous cement–zeolite suspensions began after additions of more than 10% zeolite. At a water/solid ratio (w/s) = 0.5 all compositions exhibited similar rheological behaviour for yield stress and maximum shear stress values. At lower w/s values the rheology depended on the zeolite used, decreasing in the order Sl (clinoptilolite, Nižny Hrabovec deposit, Slovakia), M (mordenite, Philipines), Bp (clinoptilolite, Beli Plast deposit, Bulgaria), NM (clinoptilolite, Saint Cloud deposit, New Mexico) and Ch (chabazite, Nasm Yan deposit, Korea).After 28 days of hydration the mixtures containing 10% Bp clinoptilolite, mordenite, and Sl clinoptilolite (up to 30%) had unchanged specific pore volumes but additions of 10% and 30% of chabazite and NM clinoptilolite and of 30% mordenite and Bp clinoptilolite lead to increases in the total specific pore volume compared to the neat cement paste. Between the 28th and 180th days of hydration the specific volume of the pores in all the cement-zeolite pastes decreased due to the filling of the pores with products from the pozzolanic reaction between the zeolites and the hydration products of the cement.The pozzolanic reaction between zeolite and the hydration products of cement is enhanced by the zeolite content in the samples and depends on the Si/Al ratio (clinoptilolite (Si/Al >4.5), mordenite (Si/Al >5), chabazite (Si/Al <2.5)) and the surface area (clinoptilolite from Slovakia has the smallest crystallites and, hence, the greatest reactive surface area).
Effect of recent changes to the Mental Health Act 1983 on sections and appeals: possible unintended consequences
Authors: Walker-Tilley Tom , Exworthy Tim , Baggaley Martin , Wilkinson Laura , Nilforooshan Ramin 
Published: August 2011

Aims and methodWe examined the effect on civil sections and the rate of appeals against them of the amendments made to the Mental Health Act 1983 as a result of the Mental Health Act 2007. We gathered data for the year before and after the introduction of these changes.ResultsWe found increased use of Section 2 (56.8% before and 65.8% after (P < 0.001)) and decreased use of Section 3 (39.5% before and 31.2% after (P < 0.001)). The number of appeals against civil sections decreased (697 before and 692 after) but there was an 8.0% increase in the proportion of appeals to mental health tribunals. There was a decrease in admissions under these sections (817 before and 733 after).Clinical implicationsThese changes may be unintended consequences of the new law, resulting in increased workloads for psychiatrists and costs to the National Health Service.
Coordination Compounds of Hydroxamatooxovanadium(IV) Complexes with Nitrogenous Bases and Their Antimicrobial Activities
Authors: Sharma Neeraj , Kumar Vijay , Sharma Reena , Kumari Meena , Kanwar Shamsher Singh 
Published: August 2011

Abstract
The coordination compounds of composition [VO(HL1,2)2B] (I–IV) (where B = imidazole (C3H4N2) and benzimidazole (C7H6N2); HL1: C6H5OCH2C(O)NHO− (phenoxyacetohydroxamate), HL2: C6H5CH=CHC(O)NHO− (cinnamohydroxamate) have been synthesized from the reactions of [VO(HL1,2)2] with equimolar amounts of imidazole and benzimidazole in ethanol. The compounds have been characterized by elemental analyses, molar conductivity, magnetic measurements, IR, UV–vis, ESR, and FAB mass spectral studies. The spectral studies and molecular modeling dynamics suggest a distorted octahedral geometry around vanadium in coordination compounds. The antibacterial and antifungal activities of the newly synthesized coordination compounds, parent complexes, and respective potassium hydroxamate ligands have been screened in vitro against three bacterial strains viz. E. coli, S. aureus, and B. subtilis and two fungal strains viz. C. albicans and A. niger. The MIC values of newly synthesized coordination compounds have shown enhanced activity over parent complexes and respective potassium hydroxamate ligands. The cytotoxicity of the coordination compounds was studied on mammalian transformed cell line Hep2C, a derivative of human cervix carcinoma HeLa cells by MTT assay.
Resonant Column Test for Unsaturated Soils With Suction–Saturation Control
Authors: Khosravi Ali , McCartney John S. 
Published: August 2011

Abstract
Comprehensive characterization of the small strain shear modulus Gmax of an unsaturated soil specimen during hydraulic hysteresis requires precise control of the stress state, matric suction, degree of saturation, as well as knowledge of the void ratio. This paper describes the details and typical results from a test method which incorporates the axis translation technique for suction control, a flow pump for degree of saturation control, and a vertically oriented proximeter to infer changes in void ratio into a fixed–free resonant column setup. A unique aspect of this test method is the operation of the flow pump to reach equilibrium points on the hysteretic soil–water retention curve (SWRC) for measurement of Gmax. The flow pump, which controls water flow to or from the soil specimen through a high air-entry ceramic disk, is guided using a feedback loop involving the matric suction measured at the boundary of the specimen. Values of Gmax were measured at different equilibrium points on the primary drainage path of the SWRC up to the point of water occlusion, then along a scanning imbibition path of the SWRC. The results indicate a greater shear modulus during imbibition, consistent with trends and magnitudes noted in the technical literature.
Orofacial Clefts at Bugando Medical Centre: Associated Factors and Postsurgical Complications
Authors: Buyu Yunus , Manyama Mange , Chandika Alphonce , Gilyoma Japhet 
Published: August 2011

Objective To determine factors associated with orofacial clefts and postsurgical complications of cleft lip and palate repair surgeries in northwestern Tanzania. Methods This was a cohort study involving patients with orofacial clefts. Associated factors (family history of orofacial clefts, maternal use of alcohol and cigarette smoking during pregnancy) were obtained through interviews with accompanying parents. Antenatal cards were used to obtain maternal age at birth and birth weight. Results Ninety-four patients with different orofacial clefts were seen. Among them, 46.8% (44/94), 13.8% (13/94), and 39.4% (37/94) had cleft lip, cleft palate, and cleft lip and palate, respectively. About 15% of orofacial cleft cases had a positive family history of orofacial clefts. Among these, 7.4% had an affected relative on the maternal side, 4.3% had an affected relative on the paternal side, and 3.2% had an affected sibling. This difference was statistically significant (chi-square = 27.7, p < .001). Orofacial cleft was significantly associated with order of birth (chi-square = 21.0, p < .001). Postoperative complications observed included palatal fistula and philtrum dehiscence. Conclusion Family history of orofacial clefts and order of birth were significantly associated with orofacial clefts in northwestern Tanzania. These factors have been associated with risk of orofacial clefts elsewhere and suggest a hereditary role in the etiology of orofacial cleft. Palatal fistula and philtrum dehiscence were postsurgical complications observed in orofacial clefts patients who had primary surgery past the recommended age. These complications could have resulted from delayed surgery and absence of presurgical procedures.
A comparison of two different techniques for early correction of Class III malocclusion
Authors: Seehra J. , Fleming P. S. , Mandall N. , DiBiase A. T. 
Published: August 2011

Abstract

Objective:
To compare the effectiveness of Reverse Twin-Block therapy (RTB) and protraction face mask treatment (PFM) with respect to an untreated control in the correction of developing Class III malocclusion.

Materials and Methods:
A retrospective comparative study of subjects treated cases with either PFM (n  =  9) or RTB (n  =  13) and untreated matched controls (n  =  10) was performed. Both the PFM and control group samples were derived from a previously conducted clinical trial, and the RTB group was formed of consecutively treated cases. The main outcome variables assessed were skeletal and dental changes. Lateral cephalograms were taken at the start and end of treatment or during the observation period. Analysis of variance was used to compare changes in cephalometric variables arising during the study period in the lateral group. Linear regression analysis and an unpaired t-test were used to determine the impacts of treatment duration and gender, respectively.

Results:
Significantly greater skeletal changes arose with PFM therapy than with RTB therapy or in the control group (SNA, SNB, and ANB; P &lt; .001). The dentoalveolar effects of RTB therapy exceeded those of PFM treatment, with significantly more maxillary incisor proclination (P &lt; .001) and mandibular incisor retroclination (P &lt; .006) arising with treatment.

Conclusions:
Both appliances are capable of correction of Class III dental relationships; however, the relative skeletal and dental contributions differ. Skeletal effects, chiefly anterior maxillary translation, predominated with PFM therapy. The RTB appliance induced Class III correction, primarily as a result of dentoalveolar effects.
Effect of infection with bovine leukosis virus on lymphocyte proliferation and apoptosis in dairy cattle
Authors: Erskine Ronald J. , Corl Christine M. , Gandy Jeffery C. , Sordillo Lorraine M. 
Published: August 2011

Abstract
Objective—To determine effects of infection with bovine leukosis virus (BLV) on lymphocyte proliferation and apoptosis in dairy cattle.
Animals—27 adult Holstein cows.
Procedures—Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were isolated from whole blood from lactating Holstein cows seronegative for BLV (n = 9 cows), seropositive for BLV and aleukemic (aleukemic; 9), and seropositive for BLV and persistently lymphocytotic (PL; 9). Isolated PBMCs were assayed for mitogen-induced proliferation and were analyzed by means of flow cytometry. The PBMCs from a subset of each group were assayed for apoptosis, caspase-9 activity, and expression of selected genes related to apoptosis.
Results—PL cows had significantly higher total lymphocyte counts and significantly lower proportions of T-lymphocyte populations than did BLV-negative and aleukemic cows. Both groups of BLV-infected cows had significantly higher proportions of B cells and major histocompatibility complex II–expressing cells than did BLV-negative cows. Proliferation with concanavalin A was significantly lower for PL cows, compared with proliferation for BLV-negative cows. Pokeweed mitogen–induced proliferation was significantly higher for aleukemic and PL cows than for BLV-negative cows. Gene expression of apoptosis-inhibitory proteins BCL2 and BCL2L1 was significantly higher for aleukemic cows and expression of BCL2 was significantly higher for PL cows than for BLV-negative cows.
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Cattle infected with BLV had marked changes in PBMC populations accompanied by alterations in proliferation and apoptosis mechanisms. Because the relative distribution and function of lymphocyte populations are critical for immune competence, additional studies are needed to investigate the ability of BLV-infected cattle to respond to infectious challenge.
Temporal and spatial distribution of blastomycosis cases among humans and dogs in Illinois (2001–2007)
Authors: Herrmann John A. , Kostiuk Stacy L. , Dworkin Mark S. , Johnson Yvette J. 
Published: August 2011

Abstract
Objective—To compare the temporal and spatial distribution of cases of blastomycosis among humans and dogs in Illinois.
Design—Retrospective cross-sectional survey.
Sample—Human and canine populations in Illinois from 2001 through 2007.
Procedures—For each year, human population data were obtained from the US Census Bureau, and the total number of dogs was estimated by use of a human population-based formula. Data regarding infections with Blastomyces dermatitidis in humans were accessed from the Illinois Department of Public Health. Data regarding B dermatitidis infections in dogs were acquired through a survey of a random sample of the 747 veterinary medical practices in Illinois. Statistical analyses of human and canine data were performed by use of t tests, ANOVA, odds ratio assessment, and regression modeling.
Results—Estimated annual incidence of human cases of blastomycosis in Illinois increased from 3.8 to 10.7 cases/1 million persons/y from 2001 through 2007. Analysis of data from 221 veterinary practices revealed that the mean estimated annual incidence of canine cases of blastomycosis was 8.3 times the mean estimated annual incidence of human cases, with a similar pattern of change and regional distributions. Thirty-eight counties reported either human or canine cases but not both.
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—The estimated annual incidence of blastomycosis in humans and dogs in Illinois increased during the period of interest. Veterinarians, physicians, and public health agencies should be encouraged to communicate with each other regarding diagnoses of blastomycosis in either species to facilitate early diagnosis and treatment.
Nanostructure model and optical properties of InAs/GaAs quantum dot in vertical cavity surface emitting lasers
Authors: Chen J. , Fan W. , Ding Y. , Xu Q. , Zhang X. , Xu D. , Yoon S. , Zhang D. 
Published: August 2011

AbstractWe apply 8-band k.p model to study InAs/GaAs quantum dots (QDs). The strain was calculated using the valence force field (VFF) model which includes the four nearest-neighbour interactions. For the optical properties, we take into account both homogeneous and non-homogeneous broadening for the optical spectrum. Our simulation result is in good agreement with the experimental micro-photoluminescence (μ-PL) result which is from InAs/GaAs QD vertical cavity surface emitting lasers (VCSELs) structure wafer at room temperature. Accordingly, our simulation model is used to predict the QD emission from this QD-VCSELs structure wafer at different temperature ranging from 200–400 K. The simulation results show a decrease of 41 meV of QD ground state (GS) transition energy from 250–350 K. The changes of QDGS transition energy with different temperature indicate the possible detuning range for 1.3-μm wave band QD-VCSELs applications without temperature control. Furthermore, QD differential gain at 300 K is computed based on this model, which will be useful for predicting the intrinsic modulation characteristics of QD-VCSELs.
When the exchange rate makes a difference: Noise Monitoring of Traffic Police in the Kathmandu Valley, Nepal
Authors: Carter William S. , Rauniyar Rupesh 
Published: August 2011

This study demonstrates that when measuring wide swings in noise over short time periods, Time Weighted Average (TWA) calculated results may vary significantly depending upon the exchange rate used. The 3 dBA exchange rate, the ACGIH recommended criteria, results in statistically significant higher values than the 5dBA exchange rate recommended by OSHA, when noise levels vary from 70 dBA to 120 dBA while measurements are taken.A field study of noise levels among the traffic police in the Kathmandu Valley was conducted in the spring of 2009. Sampling was done at 5 high density traffic areas on and inside the Ring Road (valley perimeter road). To collect sufficient data, hourly integrated personal and area samples were simultaneously taken with a dosimeter to identify hazardous noise areas and work locations that should be included in a hearing conservation program. This study demonstrates the importance of taking several integrated samples over short periods of time when average noise levels vary. This study likewise illustrates that area samples may not accurately reflect personal exposure, particularly when there are large variations in temporal and areal measurements. This study is the first to collect personal noise data associated with traffic noise in Nepal.Key Words: personal noise monitoring; Integrated Sampling; 3 dBA exchange rate; traffic noise; NepalDOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ijosh.v1i1.4490 International Journal of Occupational Safety and Health, Vol 1 (2011) 7-13
Noninvasive assessment of intracranial pressure with venous ophthalmodynamometry
Authors: Firsching Raimund , Müller Claudia , _ _ , Pauli Steffen-Ulrich , Voellger Benjamin , Röhl Friedrich-Wilhelm , Behrens-Baumann Wolfgang 
Published: August 2011

Object
Venous ophthalmodynamometry is a technique used to register the pressure within the central retinal vein. Because the outflow of the central retinal vein is exposed to the intracranial pressure (ICP), the pressure of the central retinal vein may be correlated with the ICP. In the absence of adequate statistical evidence, the authors compared the pressure of the central retinal vein with results of simultaneous invasive monitoring of ICP in neurosurgical patients.

Methods
The pressure within the central retinal vein was recorded in 102 patients, in whom invasive continuous monitoring of ICP had become necessary for various reasons, mostly because of suspected hydrocephalus and intracranial hemorrhage.

Results
A highly significant correlation of the pressure in the central retinal vein and the intracranial cavity was confirmed statistically. An increased pressure of the central retinal vein indicated an elevated ICP, with a probability of 84.2%, whereas a normal pressure of the central retinal vein indicated a normal ICP in 92.8% of patients.

Conclusions
Venous ophthalmodynamometry is a valuable technique for the noninvasive assessment of ICP.
A very rare cause of low-back pain and sciatica: deep vein thrombosis due to absence of the inferior vena cava mimicking the clinical and radiological signs of lumbar disc herniation
Authors: Kogias Evangelos , Kircher Achim , Deininger Martin Hermann , Psarras Nikolaos , Keck Tobias , Schäfer Arnd-Oliver , Hubbe Ulrich 
Published: August 2011

The authors report a very rare cause of low-back pain and sciatica in a patient with iliac vein thrombosis attributed to absence of the infrarenal segment of the inferior vena cava (IVC) with massively dilated venous collaterals draining via a paraspinal plexus into the azygous system.
This 21-year-old man presented with acute low-back pain radiating to the left ventral thigh. The initial CT scan revealed an intraspinal lesion that mimicked lumbar disc herniation. Further clarification revealed an iliac vein thrombosis, which was triggered by the absence of the infrarenal segment of the IVC, a very rare vascular anomaly. Collateral venous return was developed and led to lumbar varicosities and epidural vein engorgements. Laboratory examinations revealed factor V mutation as a predisposing factor for thrombosis. The patient's symptoms were relieved with anticoagulation and antiinflammatory therapy.
Absence of the infrarenal IVC associated with iliac vein thrombosis should be regarded as a very rare cause of radicular and low-back pain, and this condition can mimic the clinical and radiological signs of lumbar disc herniation. Sciatica might be the first clinical manifestation of this rare venous anomaly.
Sudden intraaqueductal dislocation of a third ventricle ependymoma causing acute decompensation of hydrocephalus
Authors: Rosenstengel Christian , Baldauf Jörg , Müller Jan-Uwe , Schroeder Henry W. S. 
Published: August 2011

The authors report an unusual sudden intraaqueductal dislocation of a third ventricle ependymoma causing acute loss of consciousness, and they detail its neuroendoscopic treatment. This case is unique and has never been described in the literature before.
The patient suffered from headache and recurrent nausea. Admission MR images revealed a contrast-enhancing lesion within the posterior part of the third ventricle. During the course of the day of admission, the patient suddenly became comatose. Emergency MR imaging demonstrated a deeply intraaqueductal dislocation of the pedicled tumor, with complete obstruction of the aqueduct and ventricular dilation. Immediate surgical intervention with endoscopic third ventriculostomy and complete tumor removal was performed. After surgery, the patient made a rapid recovery.
In this case, the authors presume a sudden intraaqueductal dislocation of the ependymoma caused by aspiration of the tumor as a result of the caudal CSF flow.
When only partial spinal cord detethering is possible
Authors: Ranger Adrianna , Bowden Gregory , Ryu Won Hyung A. 
Published: August 2011

In most instances, initial surgery to untether a tethered spinal cord is successful. But what happens when it is not? The authors describe the case of a now 18-year-old woman with spina bifida in whom surgery for tethered cord was required on two occasions. In both instances, due to the extent of her underlying lesion and fibrous tissue, only partial detethering was possible without acutely sacrificing significant neurological function. The authors detail the patient's course and review the peer-reviewed scientific literature on outcomes in patients in whom only partial cord detethering is achieved.
In their review of all case series and clinical studies pertaining to the surgical treatment of tethered cord syndrome identified during an online search of 2184 scientific abstracts and 2 major neurosurgery textbooks, excluding the present case, the authors identified 53 confirmed or presumed cases of incomplete detethering in eight articles, incorporating 390 patients, for an overall prevalence of roughly 13.6%. Although no investigators have reported statistical comparisons of outcomes in those in whom just partial and complete detethering has been achieved, the evidence generally suggests poorer outcomes in the former. Prospective multicenter studies addressing this important issue clearly are warranted. To date, the authors believe that incomplete detethering is grossly underreported in the medical literature.