bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Isolation, characterization, and probiotic profiling of amylolytic lactic acid bacteria from Sonadi sheep milk
Authors: Rao Pallavi , Meena Kamalesh Kumar , Panwar Narayan Lal , Gupta Lokesh , Joshi Manvik 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Probiotics are live, healthy bacteria that improve health when given to a host in sufficient quantities. This research explored the possible probiotic attributes of amylase-producing lactic acid bacteria (ALAB) from milk of Sonadi sheep breed. Five strains (P1, P2, P3, P4, and P5) out of 76 isolates were found to be amylase-producing LAB, which was characterized by morphological, phenotyping, and biochemical tests and identified by 16S rRNA sequencing and phylogenetic evaluation. The strains were characterized for probiotic attributes such as tolerance to bile salt and acid, resistance to lysozyme and phenol, antioxidative activity, simulated gastric and pancreatic digestion, cell surface properties (auto-aggregation and cell surface hydrophobicity), antimicrobial activity (antifungal and antibacterial), and safety assessment (antibiotic susceptibility, hemolytic and DNase activities). This study exhibited that Lactiplantibacillus plantarum P2 and Enterococcus faecium P1 were observed to have excellent probiotic traits and could be a putative candidate as a probiotic for the manufacturing of fermented products.
Granulomatous inflammation and fibrosis in the porcine gastro-intestinal tract after application of TachoSil and Biodesign patches
Authors: Budtz Eva , Marcussen Niels , Larsen Thomas , Ugianskiene Aiste , Einarsdottir Sylvia Oddny , Valsamidis Alexandros , Kjærgaard Benedict , Glavind Karin , lauszus Finn , Ellebaek Mark Bremholm , Helligsø Per , Nielsen Michael Festersen , Nielsen Kristian Als 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background. Leakage from gastrointestinal anastomoses (AL) is a serious complication associated with increased morbidity and mortality, prolonged hospitalization, and increased treatment costs. Moreover, AL in patients following colorectal resection is associated with an increased risk of cancer-related death and a reduced 5-year survival rate. Several studies imply that coating of gastrointestinal anastomoses with sealing devices such as fibrin glue and omental patches may enhance tissue healing and reduce the risk of AL.
Purpose. The present study was undertaken to examine the short (3 days) and long-term (4 weeks) effects of a fibrin patch (TachoSil) and a biological mesh (Biodesign) on connective tissue synthesis when applied on fascia and the serosal surfaces of the intestine.
Methods. TachoSil and Biodesign patches were applied on fascia, stomach, duodenum, small bowel, and colon in 8 pigs. The animals were sacrificed after 3 days and 4 weeks, respectively. Tissue samples from each anatomical site were obtained for histopathological examinations and histochemical analyses.
Results. Significant histopathological changes were only observed in samples from pigs sacrificed after 4 weeks. The analyses revealed granulomatous inflammatory responses in the subserosa with fibrosis, neovascularization, and a high concentration of myofibroblasts. Focally, destruction of muscularis propria was noted. The observed inflammatory responses did not differ substantially between the two patches.
Conclusion. The present study demonstrates that TachoSil and Biodesign promote connective tissue synthesis. This response has the potential to increase the long-term strength of the connective tissue thereby lowering the risk of AL.
Effects of person-centred care and intensive care experience on post-intensive care syndrome in critical care survivors: a multi-centre prospective cohort study
Authors: Kang Jiyeon , Yun Seonyoung 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background: Several risk factors for post-intensive care syndrome have been recognised, but the majority of them cannot be altered. While there is potential for negative experiences in the intensive care unit and person-centred care to impact post-intensive care syndrome, the evidence linking the three is insufficient. This study aimed to investigate the impact of person-centred care and the patient’s experience in the intensive care unit on post-intensive care syndrome among critical care survivors during the first year following hospital discharge.
Methods: The study was a prospective, multi-centre longitudinal cohort study. This study was conducted in 19 intensive care units at four university hospitals located in Busan, South Korea. The participants were 618 adults who had been admitted to the intensive care unit for more than 24 hours between May 2019 and July 2021. At the time of intensive care unit discharge, participants completed a person-centred care and an intensive care experience questionnaire. We evaluated the post-intensive care syndrome of the participants 3, 6 and 12 months after hospital discharge.
Results: The frightening experience in the intensive care unit was a factor that significantly increased post-intensive care syndrome at 3 and 6 months. Person-centred care partially mediated the impact of the frightening experience on post-intensive care syndrome, mitigating its effect. Female gender, older age, comorbidities, delirium and discharge to an extended care facility were factors that increased post-intensive care syndrome at 3, 6 and 12 months. Furthermore, comorbidities and discharge place had a statistically significant influence on the participants' post-intensive care syndrome changes over the course of one year.
Conclusions: The findings of this study support the development and implementation of person-centred interventions that reduce patients' frightening experiences in the intensive care unit in order to enhance long-term outcomes. Additionally, the post-intensive care syndrome of survivors who are discharged to an extended care facility requires special attention.
Registration: This study is registered at the Korean Clinical Research Information Service (#KCT0004045; date of registration: June 11, 2019; date of 1st participant recruitment: June 7, 2019).
Prevalence and Risk Factors of Concomitant Malleolar and Fibular Fractures in Distal Spiral Tibial Shaft Fractures
Authors: Lu Feiqi , Yuan Ye , Zhu Jianjin , Deng Jiuzheng , He Dawei , Zhao Zhe , Pan Yongwei 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Purpose: (1) To evaluate the incidence and morphology features of concomitant malleolar and fibular fractures in patients with distal spiral tibial shaft fractures. (2) To evaluate the risk factors for concomitant malleolar fractures in patients with distal spiral tibial shaft fractures.
Methods: A retrospective review was performed on 64 cases of operatively treated distal spiral tibial shaft fractures with complete radiographs and computed tomography (CT) scans. Data were collected on age, sex, injured side, AO classification of tibial shaft fractures, relative fibular fracture location, patterns and severity of concomitant malleolar fractures. Univariate analysis was performed to analyze factors associated with concomitant malleolar fractures.
Results: The incidence of concomitant malleolar fractures in distal spiral tibial shaft fractures found in this study was 89.1%, including 50% of single fracture and 39.1% of multiple fractures. The most frequent being posterior malleolar fractures (PMF), followed by anterior inferior tibiofibular ligament (AITFL) avulsion fractures and lateral malleolar fractures (LMF). 58 cases (90.6%) had concomitant fibula fractures, with the most common location being proximal to the tibial fracture. There was a significant association between AO42B fractures and fibular fractures at the same level as the tibia. Age was associated with the severity of concomitant malleolar fractures (p=0.422), particularly with AITFL avulsion fractures (p=0.0251) and LMF (p=0.0129).
Conclusion: Distal spiral TSFs were highly associated with malleolar fractures, which may occur at single or multiple sites. A CT scan of the ankle joint is essential to avoid misdiagnosis and the potential need for additional fixation of malleolar fractures in distal spiral TSF. Age was associated with the severity of malleolar fractures, particularly with LMF and AITFL avulsion fracture in distal spiral TSF, but not with PMF or MMF.
Association Between VitaminE and 28-Day Mortality in adult sepsis patients: a retrospective cohort analysis
Authors: he yili , li yang , lao qifang , qin tao , xie xianlong , jiang wenyan 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

BACKGROUND There is currently no clear conclusion on the impact of isolated vitamin E in the nutritional composition on the 28-day mortality rate of adult sepsis patients. This study hypothesized that vitamin E could improve outcomes for patients with sepsis.
METHODS The primary objective of this project is to evaluate the relationship between Vitamin E and 28-Day Mortality. The secondary objective is to investigate whether variations in Vitamin E administration routes lead to differences in 28-day mortality rates. We analyzed adult sepsis patients (According to the international diagnostic criteria of sepsis3.0) from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care IV Database (MIMIC-IV). A multivariate regression, propensity score analysis, and interaction effects, survival curve was used to determine the associations between Vitamin E intake and 28-day mortality rates in ICU.
RESULTS This cohort study included 25 715 samples and 287 patients treated with the investigational drug. A significant reduction in 28-day mortality was observed among patients who used vitamin E (therapy group) compared to those who did not use it (control group) (HR = 0.71, 95% CI = 0.54~0.93, p=0.014). The adjusted Hazard Ratio was 0.62 (95% CI = 0.47~0.81, p<0.001). In the propensity score matching (PSM) model, the HR values are all <1, and the p-values are all <0.05, with consistent trends in all results. The survival curve demonstrated a significant difference in the same trend before and after propensity score matching (p=0.014). However, the 28-day mortality rate results of intravenous administration of vitamin E compared to other routes of administration is: (HR, 1.77; 95% CI, 0.97-3.21, p=0.062).
CONCLUSIONS In a general population of critically ill patients with adult sepsis, use of vitamin E is associated with improved 28-day mortality in ICU. The intravenous administration of vitamin E did not demonstrate better mortality outcomes compared to other routes of administration.
Impact of PDA Closure Methodology on Peri-procedural Opioid Utilization in Preterm Neonates, a Cross-sectional Review in a Tertiary Pediatric Healthcare System.
Authors: Saini Ashish , Hamrick Shannon , Adamson Marissa , Bhombal Shazia , Hash Sarah , Kim Dennis , LeFevre Ashley , Long Justin , Mills Marcos , Ligon Ronald 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Objective- To study the association between PDA closure methodology and peri-procedural opioid utilization in preterm neonates. Study Design –A retrospective cohort study comprising all premature neonates and infants with a hemodynamically significant PDA who underwent surgical ligation (SL) between February 2020 – December 2022 or transcatheter PDA closure (TCPC) between August 2020 – February 2023. Intra-procedural and post-procedural opioid use was systematically quantified and compared between the two groups before and after propensity score matching. Result – The study included 52 preterm infants in the SL group and 74 in the TCPC group. After propensity score matching, infants undergoing TCPC received significantly lower intraprocedural (4.33 vs 5.99 µg/kg, p = 0.037) and post-procedural (0.09 vs 0.32 mg/kg, p < 0.001) opioids. A significantly lower proportion of infants undergoing TCPC were exposed to post-procedural opioids (60.8% vs 92.3%, p = < 0.001). Conclusion – Transcatheter PDA device closure is associated with significantly lower neonatal opioid exposure.
Evaluation of a Modified Short all oral Treatment Regimen for Rifampicin-Multidrug Resistant Tuberculosis in Dominican Republic
Authors: Rodríguez María , Bustos Yamile Celis , Encarnación Melanea , Muñoz Elisabet , Santos Sandra De los , Sánchez Ingrid , Portorreal Lissette , Sombie Seydou Benjamín , Sall Fatimata Bintou , Merle Corinne Simone , Perez Freddy 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background
This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness, safety, and impact on health-related quality of life (HQoL) of a fully oral shortened regimen for Rifampicin-Resistant/Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis (RR/MDR-TB) over 9 to 12 months under programmatic conditions.
Methods
A prospective cohort study was conducted on an all-oral modified Shortened Treatment Regimen (mSTR) comprising linezolid (Lzd), bedaquiline (Bdq), levofloxacin (Lfx), clofazimine (Cfz), and cycloserine (Cs). Patients with RR/MDR-TB were enrolled between January and December 2022 across seven drug-resistant TB units in the Dominican Republic.
Results
A total of 113 patients were enrolled, with 87% achieving culture conversion at two months. Treatment outcomes revealed that 79% of patients were successfully treated and didn’t relapse six months after the end of the treatment, 14% were lost to follow-up during the treatment, 6% deceased, and one experienced treatment failure due to Adverse Drug Reactions (ADRs). Adverse events (AEs) were common, with 82% of patients experiencing at least one AE with high proportion of QT interval prolongation, elevated transaminases, and anemia. A total of 12% of the patients experiencing Serious Adverse Events (SAEs). Improvement in HQoL dimensions was noted throughout treatment, with the EQ-VAS score increasing by an average of 15.5 by treatment end.
Conclusion
The high treatment success rate of the 5-drug mSTR facilitated the adaptation and integration of a shortened treatment regimen lasting 9 to 12 months in routine care in Dominican Republic. Although AEs were frequent, they were manageable in most cases. Continuous monitoring, especially regarding Lzd and Bdq use, is crucial to effectively mitigate risks. Since September 2023, this short all oral treatment regimen is now the one recommended for RR/MDR-TB patients in Dominican Republic.
Analysis of the pregnancy status and outcomes of pregnant women with α-thalassemia: a retrospective study
Authors: Li Yi , Feng Yuanyuan , Wei Yiyun , Huang Jing , Chen Hui , Wei Changqiang , Wei Kaiyi , Pang Lihong 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background
The prevalence of α-thalassemia co-occurrence with pregnancy may impede maternal system functions, with a consequent adverse effect on pregnancy progression and birth outcomes. The aim of this study was to provide guidance for the prevention and monitoring of perinatal complications of different types of α-thalassemia in pregnancy.
Methods
The observation group comprised 1371 singleton pregnant women with α-thalassemia. The control group comprised 680 non-thalassemia singleton pregnancies during the same period. The thalassemia genotypes of the observation group were tallied and categorized based on their respective genotypes within the group.
Results
The hemoglobin in the experimental group was lower than that in the control group, with the lowest hemoglobin in the intermediate group (P < 0.001), and serum ferritin trending in the opposite direction. The most significant decreases in hemoglobin and ferritin during pregnancy were observed in the intermediate group (P<0.001). The incidences of abnormal Electrocardiograph, abnormal liver function, hypertensive disorders, Gestational Diabetes Mellitus and thyroid disorders during pregnancy were higher in the observation group than in the control group (P<0.05). The incidences of preterm labor, caesarean section and postpartum hemorrhage were all higher in the observation group than in the control group (P<0.05). The delivery weight and neonatal hemoglobin in the observation group were lower than those in the control group (P<0.05).
Conclusions
Pregnant women with α-thalassemia have the more complications of pregnancy and childbirth than non-thalassemic pregnancies. Pregnancy-related indicators should be monitored and corrected in a timely manner.
Morphology and Structure Adaptation of Avicennia and Sonneratia Growing in Lagoon, Island, and Bay
Authors: Jeffry Syazana , Zakaria Muta Harah , Ramaiya Shiamala Devi , Bujang Japar Sidik 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Mangrove ecosystems face increasing environmental threats and changes, making it crucial to unravel the complex interrelationship between Avicennia and Sonneratia and their diverse habitats. This study identified the environmental factors, including water salinity and substrate, that impact the distribution and abundance of Avicennia alba, A. marina, A. rumphiana, Sonneratia alba, and S. caseolaris. Three unique mangrove habitats include the isolated rocky island of Pulau Burong, the muddy-sand inland lagoon of Pengkalan Nangka, and the sandy mud to firm mud of coastal Teluk Buih. Pulau Burong is surrounded by marine water of salinity 31 to 35, Pengkalan Nangka is brackish water ranging from 12 to 19, and Teluk Buih is brackish to marine water of salinity 15 to 32. A. alba and A. marina from Pulau Burong have shorter leaf lengths, narrower widths, and thicker leaves compared to Pengkalan Nangka Lagoon and Teluk Buih (p<0.05). Similarly, S. alba from Pulau Burong has a shorter leaf length, narrower width, and thicker leaves than Teluk Buih. Water salinity had perfectly negative correlations with the leaf length of A. alba (r= -0.93) and A. marina (r= -0.91). A. marina leaf width and thickness were strongly negatively correlated with water salinity (r= -0.85 for leaf width and r= -0.84 for thickness). All three Avicenniaspecies' flowering responses, including cyme-like spike inflorescences, were documented. These findings enhance understanding of Avicenniaand Sonneratia ecology in the context of unique ecosystems facing environmental challenges.
A Nepal Demographic Health Survey Findings on Status of Women Empowerment Using Indicator as Employment Status in Nepal
Authors: Bhattarai Sandesh , Bishwas Sajan 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background: Empowering women through increased employment is crucial for sustainable development goals, yet globally, women face economic disparities and limited access to opportunities. In South Asia, including Nepal, low female labor force participation persists due to various challenges such as gender-based violence, discrimination, and societal norms. This study aims to investigate factors influencing women's employment status in Nepal focusing on education, children, wealth, partner's education, and other socio-economic factors.
Method: Data from the Nepal Demographic Health Survey 2016 was obtained through a DHS website. A working dataset was constructed, comprising 11 independent variables, and cleaned for analysis. Missing values were addressed, and the statistical analysis plan included descriptive analysis and chi-square tests to examine relationships between variables.
Results: The socio-demographic profile of married women aged 15-49 in Nepal reveals a predominance of male-headed households, urban residency, and secondary education attainment. Unadjusted logistic regression findings indicate significant associations between women's employment status and factors such as age, rural residency, lower education levels, more children, and poorer household wealth. However, multivariate analysis suggests that female-headed households have slightly lower employment likelihood. Age and education emerge as key determinants, with older and educated women more likely to be employed. Provincial disparities are evident, with certain provinces showing increased employment odds, while mobile phone ownership is associated with higher employment likelihood. These findings emphasize the complex interplay of factors influencing women's employment status, underscoring the need to address socio-economic disparities for enhanced empowerment and economic participation.
Conclusion: Findings reveal a higher prevalence of employment among women compared to the unemployment rate, yet disparities persist between male and female employment rates. Women with no education are more likely to be employed in daily waged labor-intensive jobs, indicating a need for targeted interventions to enhance employment opportunities, particularly in disadvantaged regions like Province 6. The study underscores the association between women's age and education levels with employment status, highlighting the importance of educational attainment in facilitating employment. Moreover, findings suggest a positive correlation between the husband's education level and women's employment, emphasizing the significance of household dynamics. Recommendations include the development of employment programs tailored to women's educational backgrounds and vocational training initiatives to enhance their participation in professional sectors, ultimately fostering economic independence and empowerment at the local level.
Comparative analysis of the clarus Aspergillus Galactomannan Enzyme Immunoassay for the Diagnosis of Invasive Pulmonary Aspergillosis in Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid
Authors: Sedik Sarah , Boyer Johannes , Egger Matthias Florian , Dichtl Karl , Prattes Juergen , Prüller Florian , Hoenigl Martin 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background: Galactomannan (GM) testing using Platelia Aspergillus enzyme immunoassay (Platelia GM) from bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) aids in early diagnosis of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA). Globally, only a minority of laboratories have the capability to perform on-site GM testing, necessitating accessible and affordable alternatives. Hence, we conducted a comparative evaluation of the new clarus Aspergillus GM enzyme immunoassay (clarus GM) with Platelia GM using BALF samples.
Methods: This is a single-center, prospective, cross-sectional study, where Platelia GM testing was routinely performed followed by clarus GM testing in those with true positive or true negative GM test results according to the 2020 EORTC/MSG and the 2024 FUNDICU consensus definitions. Descriptive statistics, ROC curve analysis, and Spearman’s correlation analysis were used to evaluate analytical performance of the clarus GM assay.
Results: This study enrolled 259 adult patients, of which 53 (20%) were classified as probable IPA, while 206 did not fulfill IPA criteria. Spearman's correlation analysis revealed a strong correlation between the two assays (rho = 0.727, p < 0.001). The clarus GM had a sensitivity of 96% (51/53) and a specificity of 74% (153/206) for differentiating probable versus no IPA when using the manufacturer recommended cut-off. ROC curve analysis showed an AUC of 0.936 (95% CI: 0.901-0.971) for the clarus GM, while the Platelia GM yielded an AUC of 0.918 (95% CI: 0.876-0.959).
Conclusions: Clarus GM demonstrated a strong correlation and promising test performance, comparable to Platelia GM, rendering it a viable alternative in patients at risk of IPA.