bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Biogenic synthesis of Psidium guajava‐mediated silver nanoparticles: A comprehensive antibiofilm and antivirulence study
Authors: Chmagh Aalaa A. , Alown Fadaa , Khan Mo Ahamad , Shafiq Anam , Kumar Sachin , Ameen Fuad , Khan Afroz 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIn this study, at sub‐MIC, the efficacy of green synthesized Psidium guajava‐mediated silver nanoparticles (Pg@AgNPs) in inhibiting quorum sensing facilitated virulence factors and suppressing biofilm formation was evaluated against clinical multidrug resistant (MDR) isolates, specifically Chromobacterium violaceum MCC‐2290 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1. The AgNPs were synthesized by adding the leaf extract to a solution of silver nitrate, and the reduction of Ag+ ions to Ag0 was confirmed by the appearance of brown color. The Pg@AgNPs were characterized using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), UV/Vis spectroscopy, TEM, and XRD. The UV/Vis spectrum showed the characteristic absorption peak of Pg@AgNPs in the range of 350–480 nm. FTIR analysis substantiated the existence of functional groups implicated in the synthesis and stabilization of AgNPs. The XRD analysis elucidated the crystalline characteristics of the nanoparticles. The TEM images further confirmed the spherical shape and size of the nanoparticles, which ranged between 5 and 25 nm. The AgNPs demonstrated notable antibacterial efficacy against C. violaceum and P. aeruginosa. Moreover, the Pg@AgNPs effectively suppressed both biofilm formation and the production of quorum sensing‐mediated virulence factors such as pyoverdin (77.2%), pyocyanin (78.12%), and violacein (83.4%). Additionally, the Pg@AgNPs demonstrated broad‐spectrum activity against biofilm formation, showing the biofilm inhibition in C. violaceum and P. aeruginosa by 81.86% and 87.89%, respectively. Under light microscopy, it is also observed that Pg@AgNPs reduce the formation of biofilm in both tested bacteria. The present finding highlights the potential of green‐synthesized AgNPs using P. guajava leaf extract as antimicrobial agents with potential applications in combating bacterial infections and biofilm‐related diseases.
Examination of associations between psychopathy and neural reinforcement sensitivity theory constructs
Authors: Dickison Ella M. , Neo Phoebe S.‐H. , McNaughton Neil , Sellbom Martin 
Published: May 2024

AbstractWe investigated psychopathy from the neurobiological perspective of reinforcement sensitivity theory (RST). In contrast to previous semantically derived self‐report scales, we operationalised RST systems neurally with evoked electroencephalography (EEG). Participants were from a community sample weighted towards externalising psychopathology. We compared the Carver & White Behavioural Inhibition System (BIS)/Behavioural Approach System (BAS) scales with EEG responses associated with RST's systems of goal conflict (aka ‘behavioural inhibition’), repulsion/outcome conflict (aka ‘fight/flight/freeze’) and attraction (aka ‘approach’). Bivariate correlations and multiple regression analysis yielded results generally consistent with past literature for associations between psychopathy and the self‐report BIS/BAS scales. There were some differences from self‐report associations with neural measures of RST. With EEG measures, (1) no meaningful associations were observed between any psychopathy scales and the attraction system; (2) affective‐interpersonal traits of psychopathy were negatively associated with goal conflict; (3) disinhibition‐behavioural traits of psychopathy were negatively associated with goal conflict but, unexpectedly, positively associated with outcome conflict. These results indicate frontal‐temporal‐limbic circuit dysfunction in psychopathy as specific domains were linked to neural deficits in goal conflict processing, but there was no evidence for deficits in attraction‐related processes.
Lived experiences of caregivers with infants treated at home with continuous invasive or noninvasive ventilation
Authors: Maniaci Jon , Kearney Matthew D. , DeMauro Sara B. , Panitch Howard 
Published: May 2024

AbstractRationaleCaring for children dependent upon continuous invasive ventilation in the home setting requires extensive expertise, coordination, and can result in impaired caregiver quality of life. Less is known regarding the experiences of caregivers with children requiring continuous noninvasive ventilation.ObjectivesTo evaluate caregiver experiences with invasive and noninvasive home mechanical ventilation, and to compare parental quality of life based on the child's mode of ventilation.MethodsCaregivers of infants who were discharged home with continuous ventilatory support were recruited to complete semi‐structured qualitative interviews. Interviews explored their decision‐making process, the transition to home, and health related quality of life.ResultsCaregivers of 16 children were interviewed, of whom eight were treated with continuous invasive ventilation, and eight with continuous noninvasive ventilation. The decision to pursue home ventilation in both groups was greatly influenced by the desire to be discharged and reunite the family at home. Following the transition to home, caregivers from both groups described high rates of insomnia, emotional distress, work disruption and familial hardship. Despite this, parents were overwhelmingly pleased with the decision to proceed with home ventilation and perceived their children to be living enriched lives outside of the hospital. Factors associated with easing the transition to home were in‐hospital training and the presence of a robust support system.ConclusionsLives of families with children dependent on continuous mechanical ventilation are characterized by isolation, lifestyle disruption, adverse mental and physical health consequences, and impaired interpersonal relationships, irrespective of the mode of ventilation.
Exploring the relationship between school‐supervised asthma therapy and social determinants of health in pediatric asthma care
Authors: Al‐Halbouni Layana , Ryan Grace W. , Radu Sonia , Spano Michelle , Sabnani Reshma , Phipatanakul Wanda , Gerald Lynn B. , Garg Arvin , Pbert Lori , Trivedi Michelle 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundSocial determinants of health (SDoH), including access to care, economic stability, neighborhood factors, and social context, strongly influence pediatric asthma outcomes. School‐supervised asthma therapy (SST) is an evidence‐based strategy that improves asthma outcomes, particularly for historically marginalized children, by providing support for daily medication adherence in school. However, little is known about the relationship between these programs and the adverse SDoH commonly affecting underrepresented minority and marginalized children with asthma.MethodsWe examined qualitative data from interviews (n = 52) conducted between 2017 and 2020 with diverse multi‐level partners involved in Asthma Link, a SST intervention. Participants included end‐users (children and their parents), deliverers (school nurses and pediatric providers), and systems‐level partners (e.g., insurers, legislators, and state officials). We used inductive coding to determine themes and subthemes and deductive coding using the Healthy People 2030 SDoH framework.ResultsThree themes emerged: (1) SST mitigates adverse SDoH (improves access to preventive healthcare and asthma health literacy), (2) SST benefits children experiencing specific adverse SDoH (provides a consistent medication routine to children with unstable family/housing situations) and (3) specific adverse SDoH impede SST implementation (economic instability, culture and language barriers).ConclusionThis study suggests an important relationship between SDoH and SST that warrants further evaluation in our future work on this community‐based asthma intervention. Moreover, our findings underscore the importance of measuring SDoH in the implementation and evaluation of pediatric asthma interventions, particularly given the strong influence of these social factors on child health outcomes.
Does larger prostate size provide protection for cancer specific outcomes in localized prostate cancer
Authors: Abedali Zain , Woloshuk Andre , Cary Clint , Boris Ronald S. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractObjectiveBenign prostatic hyperplasia is common in the aging population and frequently comorbid with localized prostate cancer. Large prostate volume places significant challenges in robotic prostatectomy including reduced mobility and visualization. The goal of this study is to evaluate the effect of prostate volume as a continuous variable on cancer specific outcomes.MethodsThree thousand four hundred and twenty five patients with localized prostate cancer at a single institution who underwent robotic prostatectomy were retrospectively reviewed. A number of preoperative, operative, and postoperative variables were collected to evaluate cancer specific outcomes including pathologic stage, tissue margins, and biochemical recurrence (BCR). Logistic regression models and univariate and multivariate analyses were implemented for pathologic stage T3 and BCR respectively.ResultsThe median follow up time was 52 months (IQR 18−95). 37.4% of the patients had a final pathologic stage of T3 or higher, 21.2% experienced positive surgical margins, and 24.7% of patients experienced BCR. Prostate size was a significant predictor of all three outcomes of interest. Increasing prostate size was protective against both higher pathologic stage and positive surgical margins (odds ratio = 0.989, 0.990 respectively, p < 0.001). There was a modest increase in the risk of BCR with increasing gland size (hazard ratio = 1.006, p < 0.001). These results were most significant for patients with Gleason Grade Groups 1 and 2 prostate cancer.ConclusionProstate size is a commonly determined clinical factor that effects both surgical planning and cancer specific outcomes. Increasing prostate size may offer protection against higher stage disease and positive surgical margins. While surgically challenging, favorable oncologic outcomes can be consistently achieved for patients with low‐intermediate risk disease.
Application and challenges of layers of protection analysis (LOPA) in mining processes: Insights into benefits and limitations
Authors: Anato Laura , Carrero Luis , Brouillard Guy , Morar Catherine 
Published: May 2024

AbstractLayers of protection analysis (LOPA) is a semiquantitative technique widely used in process industries for assessing hazardous scenarios and supporting risk‐informed decision making. It provides a balance between the simplicity of qualitative analysis and the detail of quantitative analysis. This paper discusses the authors' experiences with the application of LOPA in the mining and metals (M&M) industry, combined with traditional methods like HAZOP and HAZID, to identify risks. Several of LOPA's limitations became evident, and scenarios involving human factors, natural events, and asset integrity were excluded from analysis. Certain M&M processes, often complex and heavily reliant on manual operations, pose unique challenges to LOPA's effectiveness due to difficulties in isolating independent protection layers: for example, those involving induction furnaces where overheat scenarios can lead to explosive phase transitions upon contact with water and molten metal. Despite these challenges, the advantages of LOPA, such as enhanced understanding of protection layers and fostering effective safety improvements, are significant. The paper anticipates continued use of LOPA within the company, complemented by safety critical task analysis to manage human errors and enhance safety controls in critical situations.
Light Emission Characteristics in Nitride Semiconductor Nanowires Fabricated by Top‐down Method
Authors: Tateno Kouta , Takiguchi Masato , Ebata Kazuaki , Sasaki Satoshi , Kumakura Kazuhide , Taniyasu Yoshitaka 
Published: May 2024

Nanophotonic devices made from nitride semiconductors are promising for various applications, especially those utilizing ultraviolet‐visible light with low‐power consumption and high driving speed. Herein, nanowire structures are fabricated from a light‐emitting diode epitaxial wafer and demonstrates the effectiveness of wet etching in top‐down fabrication. Spontaneous emission from active layers and unanticipated lasing derived from a GaN layer in a single nanowire are observed by microphotoluminescence measurement. Lastly, the lasing mode through a 3D simulation of the eigenmodes in this nanowire structure is clarified.
A global observing‐system simulation experiment for the EPS–Sterna microwave constellation
Authors: Rivoire Louis , Marty Robin , Carrel‐Billiard Thomas , Chambon Philippe , Fourrié Nadia , Audouin Olivier , Martet Maud , Birman Camille , Accadia Christophe , Ackermann Jörg 
Published: May 2024

AbstractA constellation of microwave sounders named the EUMETSAT Polar System–Sterna (EPS–Sterna) is under study at the European Organisation for the Exploitation of Meteorological Satellites (EUMETSAT), with the aim of complementing the backbone orbits of the global observing system in low Earth orbit. The satellites of this constellation would be similar to the Arctic Weather Satellite (AWS), which is being developed by the European Space Agency (ESA). The microwave sounder on board AWS is equipped with temperature sounding channels around the 50‐GHz oxygen absorption band, water‐vapour sounding channels around the 183‐ and 325‐GHz absorption bands, and also window channels at 89 and 165 GHz. An observing‐system simulation experiment (OSSE) has been conducted at the Centre National de Recherches Météorologiques (CNRM) to evaluate the impact of this constellation on numerical weather prediction (NWP) at the global scale with the Action de Recherche Petite Echelle Grande Echelle (ARPEGE) model. Two periods ranging from August–October 2021 and December 2021–February 2022 have been chosen to compute the nature run and to run 4D‐Var data assimilation experiments. As validation of the OSSE framework, the impact of a Metop‐B denial experiment in the OSSE is compared with the impact of a Metop‐B denial with real observations. This comparison shows that the Metop‐B denial impacts are very similar in the OSSE and with real observations, with the OSSE slightly overestimating the impact. Then, the impacts of various scenarios for the EPS–Sterna constellation are assessed by computing forecast errors, fractions skill scores, and moist global energy norms, and comparing these with the results of a baseline experiment without the EPS–Sterna constellation. Significant and positive improvements of the forecasts are found up to 96 h, for every variable tested, with an impact increasing with the number of satellites.
Are we doing enough to understand our relationship with the environment? A bibliometric analysis of the instruments that evaluate pro‐environmental behavior
Authors: Sánchez Flores Estefanía , Olivares Barlin Orlando , Vinueza Chérrez Rubén , Serrano Rodríguez Rocío 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis article provides information on the evolution of research using instruments to assess pro‐environmental behavior (PEB), based on a bibliometric analysis of academic publications from 2011 to 2023. The study shows that research has rapidly increased in recent years, with 538 articles published in 257 high‐impact journals across various areas of knowledge. The literature mainly comes from the United States, followed by Europe and Asia. The most often addressed topics were green behavior, sustainability, climate change, and biodiversity conservation. Attitudes were the most addressed goal, but there is a growing interest in evaluating PEB from different perspectives. Surveys were the most widely used instrument to assess PEB, but it is important to consider alternative instruments such as interviews and focus groups. The study highlights the need for more research on evaluating PEB and emphasizes that the instruments used should undergo validation and reliability processes to ensure accuracy.
A Sustainable and Cost‐Effective Bioadsorbent for the Removal of Allura Red from Contaminated Water
Authors: Kaushik Vasvi , Bhogal Ashmeet , Singhal Shailey , Agarwal Shilpi , Kumar Tijendra 
Published: May 2024

AbstractFood grade dyes pose severe health hazards when consumed in excessive amounts or enter body via contaminated water. Despite its harmful effects, Allura Red (AR) is very less explored dye for its removal, especially using agricultural/fruit waste. This study presents efficient removal of an important and unsafe food grade dye, AR via adsorption. Waste watermelon peel waste has been used for the first time for treatmenting wastewater contaminated with AR. Waste was converted to two types of adsorbents, with and without subjecting it to pyrolysis. Both the adsorbents were characterized for functionality and crystallinity and used for conducting adsorption studies. Removal of dye was evaluated by intrinsic strategy of monitoring the model solutions under pre‐ and post‐adsorption conditions. Removal percentage of dye was determined by calculating its initial (Co) and final (Cf) concentrations in solution using the formula (see Eq. (1)). Various reaction parameters important for adsorption, viz. pH, adsorbent dose, residence time, reaction temperature and particle size were optimized. Results indicate that ~80 % and >92 % dye could be removed using 0.5 g/L adsorbent before and after pyrolysis respectively in 3.5 h from its 2 ppm concentration in modelled water.
Multiphoton Lithography of Interpenetrating Polymer Networks for Tailored Microstructure Thermal and Micromechanical Properties
Authors: Silbernagl Dorothee , Szymoniak Paulina , Tavasolyzadeh Zeynab , Sturm Heinz , Topolniak Ievgeniia 
Published: May 2024

AbstractMultiphoton lithography (MPL), an emerging truly 3D microfabrication technique, exhibits substantial potential in biomedical applications, including drug delivery and tissue engineering. Fabricated micro‐objects are often expected to undergo shape morphing or bending of the entire structure or its parts. Furthermore, ensuring precise property tuning is detrimental to the realization of the functionality of MPL microstructures. Herein, novel MPL materials based on interpenetrating polymer networks (IPNs) are presented that effectively combine the advantages of acrylate and epoxy systems. IPNs with varying component ratios are investigated for their microfabrication performance and structural integrity with respect to thermal and micromechanical properties. A variety of high‐resolution techniques is applied to comprehensively evaluate IPN properties at the bulk, micron, and segmental levels. This study shows that the MPL laser scanning velocity and power, photoinitiator content, and multi‐step exposure can be used to tune the morphology and properties of the IPN. As a result, a library of 3D MPL IPN microstructures with high 3D structural stability and tailored thermal and micromechanical properties is achieved. New IPN microstructures with Young's moduli of 3–4 MPa demonstrate high‐to‐fully elastic responses to deformations, making them promising for applications in morphable microsystems, soft micro‐robotics, and cell engineering.
A Super‐Hygroscopic Solar‐Regenerated Alginate‐Based Composite for Atmospheric Water Harvesting
Authors: Abd Elwadood Samar N. , Farinha Andreia S. F. , Al Wahedi Yasser , Al Alili Ali , Witkamp Geert‐Jan , Dumée Ludovic F. , Karanikolos Georgios N. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractGlobal water scarcity is leading to increasingly tense competition across populations. In order to complement the largely fast‐depleting fresh water sources and mitigate the challenges generated by brine discharge from desalination, atmospheric water harvesting (AWH) has emerged to support long‐term water supply. This work presents a novel alginate‐based hybrid material comprised of porous silico‐aluminophosphate‐34 (SAPO‐34) as fast‐transport channel medium as well as hydrophilicity and stability enhancer, and graphene‐based sheets as light absorber for solar‐enabled evaporation, both optimally incorporated in an alginate matrix, resulting in a composite sorbent capable of harvesting water from the atmosphere with a record intake of up to 6.85 gw gs−1. Natural sunlight is solely used to enable desorption achieving increase of the temperature of the developed network up to 60 °C and resulting in release of the sorbed water, with impurities content well below the World Health Organization (WHO) upper limits. After 30 cycles of sorption and desorption, the composite hydrogel displayed unchanged water uptake and stability. This work provides an impactful perspective toward sustainable generation of water from humidity without external energy consumption supporting the emergence of alternative water production solutions.
Sonodynamic Therapy‐Driven Immunotherapy: Constructing AIE Organic Sonosensitizers Using an Advanced Receptor‐Regulated Strategy
Authors: Tian Mengyan , Li Yucong , Li Yaning , Yang Tianyue , Chen Hongli , Guo Jun , Liu Yi , Liu Pai 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBenefit from the deeper penetration of mechanical wave, ultrasound (US)‐based sonodynamic therapy (SDT) executes gratifying efficacy in treating deep‐seated tumors. Nevertheless, the complicated mechanism of SDT undeniably hinders the exploration of ingenious sonosensitizers. Herein, a receptor engineering strategy of aggregation‐induced emission (AIE) sonosensitizers (TPA‐Tpy) with acceptor (A)‐donor (D)‐A’ structure is proposed, which inspects the effect of increased cationizations on US sensitivity. Under US stimulation, enhanced cationization in TPA‐Tpy improves intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) and accelerates charge separation, which possesses a non‐negligible promotion in type I reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Moreover, abundant ROS‐mediated mitochondrial oxidative stress triggers satisfactory immunogenic cell death (ICD), which further promotes the combination of SDT and ICD. Subsequently, subacid pH‐activated nanoparticles (TPA‐Tpy NPs) are constructed with charge‐converting layer (2,3‐dimethylmaleic anhydride‐poly (allylamine hydrochloride)‐polyethylene glycol (DMMA‐PAH‐PEG)) and TPA‐Tpy, achieving the controllable release of sonosensitizers. In vivo, TPA‐Tpy‐mediated SDT effectively initiates the surface‐exposed of calreticulin (ecto‐CRT), dendritic cells (DCs) maturation, and CD8+ T cell infiltration rate through enhanced ROS production, achieving suppression and ablation of primary and metastatic tumors. This study provides new opinions in regulating acceptors with eminent US sensitization, and brings a novel ICD sono‐inducer based on SDT to realize superior antitumor effect.