bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cl‐IB‐MECA enhances TRAIL‐induced apoptosis via the modulation of NF‐κB signalling pathway in thyroid cancer cells
Authors: Morello Silvana , Sorrentino Rosalinda , Porta Amalia , Forte Giovanni , Popolo Ada , Petrella Antonello , Pinto Aldo 
Published: June 2009

AbstractApoptosis is an endogenous process that can be a useful anti‐cancer tool. This study aimed to investigate the effect of Cl‐IB‐MECA, adenosine receptor A3 agonist, on TRAIL‐induced apoptosis of thyroid carcinoma cells. Cl‐IB‐MECA enhanced TRAIL‐mediated apoptosis in FRO but not in ARO cells. This effect was correlated to higher expression levels of DR5 on FRO than ARO cells, that instead presented higher levels of decoy receptors, DcR1 and DcR2. To understand the cross‐talk between the effect of Cl‐IB‐MECA and TRAIL, we evaluated the nuclear translocation of p65 and c‐Rel. Since the dependency by NF‐κB, TRAIL promoted the nuclear translocation of both p65 and c‐Rel subunits. However, the addition of Cl‐IB‐MECA led to the predominant translocation of c‐Rel after TRAIL addition. Furthermore, Bcl‐2, cFLIP and pAkt were lower induced than caspase‐3 and ‐9 in FRO cells. To discriminate a specific effect of TRAIL, we used tumour necrosis factor‐alpha (TNF‐α) with Cl‐IB‐MECA. In this case, no synergism was observed. In addition, the effect of Cl‐IB‐MECA was not A3 receptor‐dependent since its antagonists, MRS1191 and FA385, failed to block Cl‐IB‐MECA activity on TRAIL‐treated FRO cells. In conclusion, Cl‐IB‐MECA enhanced TRAIL‐mediated apoptosis via NF‐κB/c‐Rel activation and DR5‐dependent manner. This study may shed light on a potential drug cocktail that may prove useful as anti‐cancer in an in vivo animal model. J. Cell. Physiol. 221: 378–386, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Upregulation of peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor‐γ and NADPH oxidases are involved in restenosis after balloon injury
Authors: Qin Hai‐Dong , Huang Dan , Weng Xiao‐Dan , Xu Feng 
Published: June 2009

AbstractRestenosis is a major complication of percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) and is characterized by increased superoxide formation and accumulation of smooth muscle cells (SMCs). The mechanisms through which peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor‐γ (PPAR‐γ) modulates the pathological process are incompletely defined. In this study, balloon injury of porcine coronary arteries in vivo and cell scraping model in vitro were used to elucidate the pathway via this molecule. PPAR‐γ and NADPH oxidase expression significantly increased both in neointimal hyperplasia after balloon injury or in the cultured SMCs after scraping injury. In vitro, PPAR‐γ agonist 15‐deoxy‐Δ12,14‐prostagladlin J2 (15d‐PGJ2) decreased cell‐scraping‐induced superoxide generation through suppression of NADPH oxidase activity via down‐regulation of p22phox and gp91phox. Furthermore, 15d‐PGJ2 could suppress scraping‐stimulated proliferation of SMCs. These data demonstrate that upregulation of PPAR‐γ and NADPH oxidases are involved in restenosis and activation of PPAR‐γ can inhibit the NADPH oxidase‐dependent superoxide generation in SMCs after injury. These findings will provide a new potential drug target for restenosis after balloon injury. J. Cell. Physiol. 221: 387–393, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Evolution of developmental regulation in the vertebrate FgfD subfamily
Authors: Jovelin Richard , Yan Yi‐Lin , He Xinjun , Catchen Julian , Amores Angel , Canestro Cristian , Yokoi Hayato , Postlethwait John H. 
Published: June 2009

AbstractFibroblast growth factors (Fgfs) encode small signaling proteins that help regulate embryo patterning. Fgfs fall into seven families, including FgfD. Nonvertebrate chordates have a single FgfD gene; mammals have three (Fgf8, Fgf17, and Fgf18); and teleosts have six (fgf8a, fgf8b, fgf17, fgf18a, fgf18b, and fgf24). What are the evolutionary processes that led to the structural duplication and functional diversification of FgfD genes during vertebrate phylogeny? To study this question, we investigated conserved syntenies, patterns of gene expression, and the distribution of conserved noncoding elements (CNEs) in FgfD genes of stickleback and zebrafish, and compared them with data from cephalochordates, urochordates, and mammals. Genomic analysis suggests that Fgf8, Fgf17, Fgf18, and Fgf24 arose in two rounds of whole genome duplication at the base of the vertebrate radiation; that fgf8 and fgf18 duplications occurred at the base of the teleost radiation; and that Fgf24 is an ohnolog that was lost in the mammalian lineage. Expression analysis suggests that ancestral subfunctions partitioned between gene duplicates and points to the evolution of novel expression domains. Analysis of CNEs, at least some of which are candidate regulatory elements, suggests that ancestral CNEs partitioned between gene duplicates. These results help explain the evolutionary pathways by which the developmentally important family of FgfD molecules arose and the deduced principles that guided FgfD evolution are likely applicable to the evolution of developmental regulation in many vertebrate multigene families. J. Exp. Zool. (Mol. Dev. Evol.) 314B:33–56, 2010. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The best probability models for dry and wet spells in Peninsular Malaysia during monsoon seasons
Authors: Deni Sayang Mohd , Jemain Abdul Aziz , Ibrahim Kamarulzaman 
Published: June 2009

AbstractThe identification of the most appropriate models to represent the rainfall distribution is very important as it can be utilised in various applications such as those in water resource management, agricultural planning department and hydrological sectors. Various types of probability models have been introduced and applied to the distribution of dry (wet) spells by previous researchers in the field. With the application of these probability models, this study will investigate the best probability models to describe the distribution of dry and wet spells at each of the 38 rainfall stations in Peninsular Malaysia for the period of 1975–2004. The analysis will be conducted on annual basis and also through monsoon seasons. Thirteen types of probability models with one up to three parameters including the family of geometric and log series distributions will be considered. In selecting the best models to represent the distribution of the dry (wet) spells, the Akaike's information criteria (AIC) and the Kolmogorov‐Smirnov goodness‐of‐fit (GOF) test are used. The results revealed that the modified log series (MLD) and the compound geometric (CGD) distributions were found to be the best models for the dry and wet spells respectively during the monsoon seasons. Meanwhile, the success of the mixed log series with the truncated Poisson distribution (MLTPD) was also proven in the study since this model was the most frequent best model selected in representing the observed distribution of both the annual dry and wet spells in most of the stations over the Peninsula. Copyright © 2009 Royal Meteorological Society
Analysis of phenotypic variation of sugar profile in different peach and nectarine [Prunus persica (L.) Batsch] breeding progenies
Authors: Cantín Celia M , Gogorcena Yolanda , Moreno María Ángeles 
Published: June 2009

AbstractBACKGROUND: Specific sugar contents are well known for contributing to a range of quality traits of fresh fruits such as flavour, texture and health properties. Peaches and nectarines of 205 genotypes from 14 different breeding progenies cultivated under Mediterranean conditions were evaluated by high‐performance liquid chromatography for their content of these sugar traits.RESULTS: A high contribution of cross to the phenotypic variance of all evaluated fruit quality traits was found. There were significant differences in mean sugar concentrations between peach and nectarine, yellow‐ and white‐fleshed or freestone and clingstone genotypes. Pre‐selected genotypes from the original breeding programme showed enhanced soluble solid content (SSC), total sugar and sucrose contents. A significant effect of year was found for SSC, sucrose and glucose contents, whereas no effect was found for fructose and sorbitol contents. Individual sugar contents correlated significantly with each other and with other fruit quality traits.CONCLUSION: A significant effect of cross, year and qualitative traits on the sugar profile of peaches and nectarines was found. Moreover, the differences shown in sugar traits between the breeding population and the pre‐selected genotypes indicated the importance of sugar profile in the global quality of peaches and nectarines. Copyright © 2009 Society of Chemical Industry
Worldwide market screening of saffron volatile composition
Authors: Maggi Luana , Carmona Manuel , del Campo C Priscila , Kanakis Charalabos D , Anastasaki Eirini , Tarantilis Petros A , Polissiou Moschos G , Alonso Gonzalo L 
Published: June 2009

AbstractBACKGROUND: Saffron (Crocus sativus L.) is one of the most valuable spices and nowadays its main use is as a foodstuff. Numerous papers have been published on saffron aroma and its volatile content, but nothing has been written about the aroma quality of samples available on the market to consumers. The aim of this study was to analyse and compare 418 commercial samples of saffron belonging to different ISO categories. Ultrasound‐assisted extraction (USAE) with an organic solvent and dynamic headspace desorption (DHD) followed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry were used to screen for saffron volatile composition.RESULTS: For both methods the saffron aromatic profile was characterised by spicy aromatic notes due to safranal, the most abundant volatile component, by a floral contribution attributable to isophorone and 2,2,6‐trimethyl‐1,4‐cyclohexanedione, together with citrus and spicy notes from 4‐ketoisophorone and 2‐hydroxy‐4,4,6‐trimethyl‐2,5‐cyclohexadien‐1‐one respectively.CONCLUSION: USAE allowed the detection of a greater number of compounds, whereas DHD was faster and a smaller amount of saffron was required. Compared with the USAE method, the DHD method defined the samples as having a spicier and more floral aromatic contribution, thus corroborating that the extraction method considerably changes the aromatic fingerprint of saffron samples. Copyright © 2009 Society of Chemical Industry
1 mm ID poly(styrene‐co‐divinylbenzene) monolithic columns for high‐peak capacity one‐ and two‐dimensional liquid chromatographic separations of intact proteins
Authors: Eeltink Sebastiaan , Dolman Sebastiaan , Detobel Frederik , Desmet Gert , Swart Remco , Ursem Mario 
Published: June 2009

AbstractThe LC performance of a 1×50 mm polymer monolithic column format was demonstrated with high‐peak capacity one‐ (1D) and offline two dimensional (2D) LC separations of intact proteins. After optimizing the RP 1D‐LC conditions, including column temperature, flow rate and gradient time, a peak capacity of 475 was achieved within a 2‐h analysis. The suitability of the monolithic column was also demonstrated for fast 1 min protein separations yielding 1 s peak widths determined at half peak height. In addition, an offline 2D‐LC method was developed using the micro‐fraction collection capabilities of the autosampler allowing automatic fractionation of intact proteins after the weak‐ion‐exchange (WAX) separation, and re‐injection of the fractions onto the second‐dimension RP monolithic column. The best peak capacity‐to‐analysis time ratio was obtained when applying 10 min second‐dimension RP gradients. At optimized conditions, the WAX/×/RPLC separation of intact Escherichia coli proteins was performed within 6 h yielding a maximum theoretical peak capacity of 4880.
Chiral separation of amides of amino acid on a (S)‐N‐(3,5‐dinitrobenzoyl)leucine‐N‐phenyl‐N‐propylamide‐bonded silica using nonaqueous capillary electrochromatography
Authors: Jin Juhyeon , Hyun Myung Ho , Park Jung Hag 
Published: June 2009

Abstract(S)‐N‐(3,5‐dinitrobenzoyl)leucine‐N‐phenyl‐N‐propylamine‐bonded silica was used as a chiral stationary phase for separation of a set of racemic π‐acidic and π‐basic α‐amino acid amides in electrolyteless ACN‐water eluents by CEC in the RP and polar organic (PO) modes. The effect of the amount of water in the ACN‐water eluent on chiral separation was examined. As water is added to ACN, retention was shortened but resolution and selectivity deteriorated severely. Retention, enantioselectivity, and resolution factors obtained in 100% ACN were compared with those in an n‐hexane‐isopropanol eluent with a small amount of water by normal phase (NP) CEC. Much shorter retention times with comparable enantioselectivities were observed with 100% ACN, demonstrating the advantage of separation on (S)‐N‐(DNB)leucine‐N‐phenyl‐N‐propylamine‐bonded silica in PO‐CEC over NP‐CEC.
Microwave‐assisted extraction with water for fast extraction and simultaneous RP‐HPLC determination of phenolic acids in Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae
Authors: Fang Xinsheng , Wang Jianhua , Zhou Hongying , Jiang Xingkai , Zhu Lixiang , Gao Xin 
Published: June 2009

AbstractAn optimized microwave‐assisted extraction method using water (MAE‐W) as the extractant and an efficient HPLC analysis method were first developed for the fast extraction and simultaneous determination of D(+)‐(3,4‐dihydroxyphenyl) lactic acid (Dla), salvianolic acid B (SaB), and lithospermic acid (La) in Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae. The key parameters of MAE‐W were optimized. It was found that the degradation of SaB was inhibited when using the optimized MAE‐W and the stable content of Dla, La, and SaB in danshen was obtained. Furthermore, compared to the conventional extraction methods, the proposed MAE‐W is a more rapid method with higher yield and lower solvent consumption with a reproducibility (RSD <6%). In addition, using water as extractant is safe and helpful for environment protection, which could be referred to as green extraction. The separation and quantitative determination of the three compounds was carried out by a developed reverse‐phase high‐performance liquid chromatographic (RP‐HPLC) method with UV detection. Highly efficient separation was obtained using gradient solvent system. The optimized HPLC analysis method was validated to have specificity, linearity, precision, and accuracy. The results indicated that MAE‐W followed by HPLC–UV determination is an appropriate alternative to previously proposed method for quality control of Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae.
Capillary electrophoresis of intact basic proteins using noncovalently triple‐layer coated capillaries
Authors: Haselberg Rob , de Jong Gerhardus J. , Somsen Govert W. 
Published: June 2009

AbstractThe usefulness of a noncovalent, positively charged capillary coating for the efficient analysis of intact basic proteins with CE was studied. Capillaries were coated by subsequent flushing with solutions of 10% w/v Polybrene (PB), 3% w/v dextran sulfate (DS), and again 10% w/v PB. Coating characterization studies showed that stable coatings could be produced which exhibited a pH‐independent and highly reproducible EOF. The PB–DS–PB coating was evaluated with Tris phosphate BGEs of various pH using the four basic model proteins: α‐chymotrypsinogen A, ribonuclease A, cytochrome c, and lysozyme. Typical migration time RSDs for the proteins were less than 0.85%, and apparent plate numbers were above 125 000 using a capillary length of 40 cm. The high separation efficiency allowed detection of several minor impurities in the model proteins. Using a BGE of medium pH, the CE system with triple‐layer coating appeared to be useful for the repeatable profiling of recombinant humanized mouse monoclonal immunoglobulin G1 showing a characteristic pattern of glycoforms. The CE system was also applied to the characterization of two llama antibodies, which were produced in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, revealing the presence of a side product in one of the antibodies. The high migration time stability allowed the reliable determination of antibody–antigen binding by monitoring migration time shifts. Finally, the feasibility of using the PB–DS–PB coated capillaries for CE with mass spectrometric detection was shown by the characterization of the impure llama antibody sample.
Motor abnormalities in premanifest persons with Huntington's disease: The PREDICT‐HD study
Authors: Biglan Kevin M. , Ross Christopher A. , Langbehn Douglas R. , Aylward Elizabeth H. , Stout Julie C. , Queller Sarah , Carlozzi Noelle E. , Duff Kevin , Beglinger Leigh J. , Paulsen Jane S. 
Published: June 2009

AbstractThe PREDICT‐HD study seeks to identify clinical and biological markers of Huntington's disease in premanifest individuals who have undergone predictive genetic testing. We compared baseline motor data between gene‐expansion carriers (cases) and nongene‐expansion carriers (controls) using t‐tests and Chi‐square. Cases were categorized as near, mid, or far from diagnosis using a CAG‐based formula. Striatal volumes were calculated using volumetric magnetic resonance imaging measurements. Multiple linear regression associated total motor score, motor domains, and individual motor items with estimated diagnosis and striatal volumes. Elevated total motor scores at baseline were associated with higher genetic probability of disease diagnosis in the near future (partial R2 0.14, P < 0.0001) and smaller striatal volumes (partial R2 0.15, P < 0.0001). Nearly all motor domain scores showed greater abnormality with increasing proximity to diagnosis, although bradykinesia and chorea were most highly associated with diagnostic immediacy. Among individual motor items, worse scores on finger tapping, tandem gait, Luria, saccade initiation, and chorea show unique association with diagnosis probability. Even in this premanifest population, subtle motor abnormalities were associated with a higher probability of disease diagnosis and smaller striatal volumes. Longitudinal assessment will help inform whether motor items will be useful measures in preventive clinical trials. © 2009 Movement Disorder Society
Norepinephrine and cardiovascular responses to maximal exercise in Parkinson's disease on and off medication
Authors: DiFrancisco‐Donoghue Joanne , Elokda Ahmed , Lamberg Eric M. , Bono Nancy , Werner William G. 
Published: June 2009

AbstractThe aim of this experiment is to understand how Parkinson's disease (PD) medication affects the autonomic responses of individuals during an acute exercise stress test. Fourteen people with PD and fifteen healthy individuals age‐matched between 50 and 80 years performed a modified Bruce protocol. Subjects with PD performed the test once off medication (PD‐off) and then 1 week later on medication (PD‐on). Heart rate (HR), blood pressure (BP), VO2, and norepinephrine (NE) levels were taken at rest and at peak exercise. At peak exercise HR, BP, and NE values for the PD‐on and PD‐off group were all significantly lower than healthy controls, regardless of whether subjects were on their medication. Autonomic abnormalities during exercise in this population appear to be disease manifested and not impactedby medications used to treat PD. We can assume, both on and off medication, this population will show markedly lower BP, HR, and NE responses. © 2009 Movement Disorder Society
Comparison of three clinical rating scales in Friedreich ataxia (FRDA)
Authors: Bürk Katrin , Mälzig Ulrike , Wolf Stefanie , Heck Suzette , Dimitriadis Konstantinos , Schmitz‐Hübsch Tanja , Hering Sascha , Lindig Tobias M. , Haug Verena , Timmann Dagmar , Degen Ingrid , Kruse Bernd , Dörr Jan‐Markus , Ratzka Susanne , Ivo Anja , Schöls Ludger , Boesch Sylvia , Klockgether Thomas , Klopstock Thomas , Schulz Jörg B. 
Published: June 2009

AbstractTo test the validity and reliability of the scale for the assessment and rating of ataxia (SARA) in Friedreich ataxia (FRDA). SARA is limited to eight items and can be performed rapidly. Ninety‐six patients with a molecular genetic diagnosis of FRDA were rated using three different clinical scales, the FRDA Rating Scale (FARS), the International Cooperative Ataxia Rating Scale (ICARS), and SARA. Despite considerable discrepancies in scale size and subscale structure, SARA total scores were significantly correlated with ICARS (r = 0.953, P < 0.0001) and FARS (r = 0.938, P < 0.0001) total scores. SARA total scores also correlated with the activities of daily living (ADL, r = 0.929, P < 0.0001). Although originally developed for the use in dominantly inherited ataxias, which are primarily ataxias of the cerebellar type, SARA can also be used successfully to assess afferent ataxia, which is the predominant form in FRDA. Because SARA is characterized by high interrater reliability and practicability, SARA is applicable and well suited forclinical trials of FRDA. © 2009 Movement Disorder Society
Expanding the clinical phenotype of SNCA duplication carriers
Authors: Nishioka Kenya , Ross Owen A. , Ishii Kenji , Kachergus Jennifer M. , Ishiwata Kiichi , Kitagawa Mayumi , Kono Satoshi , Obi Tomokazu , Mizoguchi Koichi , Inoue Yuichi , Imai Hisamasa , Takanashi Masashi , Mizuno Yoshikuni , Farrer Matthew J. , Hattori Nobutaka 
Published: June 2009

AbstractSNCA duplication is a recognized cause of familial Parkinson's disease (PD). We aimed to explore the genetic and clinical variability in the disease manifestation. Molecular characterization was performed using real‐time PCR, SNP arrays, and haplotype analysis. We further studied those patients who were found to harbor SNCA duplication with olfactory function tests, polysomnography, and PET. We identified four new families and one sporadic patient with SNCA duplication. Eleven symptomatic patients from these four families presented with parkinsonism, of which three subsequently developed dementia. The lifetime estimate of overall penetrance was 43.8%. FDG–PET study of symptomatic patients showed hypometabolism in the occipital lobe, whereas asymptomatic carriers of SNCA duplication demonstrated normal glucose metabolism. Symptomatic patients showed abnormal olfactory function and polysomnography and asymptomatic carriers showed normal results. The clinical features of SNCA duplication include parkinsonism with or without dementia. Asymptomatic carriers displayed normal test results with the eldest individual aged 79 years; thus, even a carrier of SNCA duplication may escape the development of PD. This difference in age‐associated penetrance may be due to the genetic background or environmental exposures. Further studies of SNCA duplication carriers will help identify disease‐modifiers and may open novel avenues for future treatment. © 2009 Movement Disorder Society
PINK1 mutations in a Brazilian cohort of early‐onset Parkinson's disease patients
Authors: Godeiro‐Junior Clecio , de Carvalho‐Aguiar Patricia M. , Felício Andre C. , Barsottini Orlando G.P. , Silva Sonia M.A. , Borges Vanderci , Andrade Luiz Augusto F. , Ferraz Henrique Ballalai 
Published: June 2009

AbstractData on the frequency of PINK1 mutations in Brazilian patients with early‐onset Parkinson's disease (EOPD) are lacking. The aim of this report was to investigate mutations of the PINK1 gene in a cohort of Brazilian patients with EOPD. Sixty consecutive familial or sporadic EOPD patients were included. All eight PINK1 exons and exon‐intron boundaries were analyzed. We did not find any pathogenic mutation of PINK1 in our cohort. Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNP) were identified in 46.7% of the patients and in 45.9% of controls (P = 0.9). The SNPs identified in our patients had already been described in previous reports. The results of our study support the hypothesis that mutations in PINK1 may not be a relevant cause of EOPD. In Brazil, if we consider only EOPD patients, it seems that parkin and LRRK2 mutations are more common. © 2009 Movement Disorder Society