bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Outcomes following single-treatment Gamma Knife surgery for trigeminal neuralgia with a minimum 3-year follow-up
Authors: Riesenburger Ron I. , Hwang Steven W. , Schirmer Clemens M. , Zerris Vasilios , Wu Julian K. , Mahn Kerry , Klimo Paul , Mignano John , Thompson Clinton J. , Yao Kevin C. 
Published: September 2009

Object
Gamma Knife surgery (GKS) has been shown to be effective in treating trigeminal neuralgia (TN). Existing studies have demonstrated success rates of 69.1–85% with median follow-up intervals of 19–60 months. However, series with uniform long-term follow-up data for all patients have been lacking. In the present study the authors examined outcomes in a series of patients with TN who underwent a single GKS treatment followed by a minimum follow-up of 36 months. They used a clinical scale that simplifies the reporting of outcome data for patients with TN.

Methods
Fifty-three consecutive patients with typical, intractable TN received a median maximum radiation dose of 80 Gy applied with a single 4-mm isocenter to the affected trigeminal nerve. Follow-up data were obtained by clinical examination and questionnaire. Outcome results were categorized into the following classes (in order of decreasing success): Class 1A, complete pain relief without medications; 1B, complete pain relief with either a decrease or no change in medications; 1C, ≥ 50% pain relief without medications; 1D, ≥ 50% pain relief with either a decrease or no change in medications; and Class 2, < 50% pain relief and/or increase in medications. Patients with Class 1A–1D outcome (equivalent to Barrow Neurological Institute Grades I–IIIb) were considered to have a good treatment outcome, whereas in patients with Class 2 outcome (equivalent to Barrow Neurological Institute Grades IV and V) treatment was considered to have failed.

Results
A good treatment outcome from initial GKS was achieved in 31 (58.5%) patients for whom the mean follow-up period was 48 months (range 36–66 months). Outcomes at last follow-up were reflected by class status: Class 1A, 32.1% of patients; 1B, 1.9%; 1C, 3.8%; 1D, 20.8%; and Class 2, 41.5%. Statistical analysis showed no difference in outcomes between patients previously treated with microvascular decompression or rhizotomy compared with patients with no previous surgical treatments. Thirty-six percent of patients reported some degree of posttreatment facial numbness. Anesthesia dolorosa did not develop in any patient.

Conclusions
Despite a time-dependent deterioration in the success rate of GKS for medically intractable TN, the authors' study showed that > 50% of patients can be expected to have a good outcome based on their scoring system, with ~ 33% having an ideal outcome (pain free with no need for medications). Long-term data, as those presented here, are important when counseling patients on their treatment options.
Interactive Communication in the Cybermedia
Authors: Cebrián-Herreros Mariano 
Published: September 2009

Internet embeds both conventional mass media and its own cybermedia with a social network that introduces a new communication process based on interactivity, new ways of relating users, different technical and communicative mediations, a new information outlook and changes in the narrative and expressive models together with an expansion of the possibilities of navigation and hypertextuality, creating synergies between the cyberpress, cyberradio, cybertelevision and the social network within a new space-time globality. This article –drawn from research work in these fields– analyses the changes that have affected the cybermedia in their different variations, and systematizes these phenomena in order to provide new dimensions for the theoretical construction of the emerging interactive model of communication.
Internet ha incorporado los medios de comunicación tradicionales y ha originado otros, así como unas redes sociales hasta crear otro ámbito informativo englobado bajo la denominación de cibermedios, los cuales introducen otras formas de comunicación basadas en los procesos de interactividad, el desarrollo de nuevas relaciones entre los usuarios, otras mediaciones técnicoco municativas, los cambios en la concepción de la información, las transformaciones en los modelos narrativos y expresivos con una expansión de las posibilidades de navegación e hipertextualidad, las sinergias entre la ciberprensa, la ciberradio la cibertelevisión y las redes sociales y un nuevo universo espacio-temporal. Este trabajo, resultado de una investigación sobre estos aspectos, analiza estas mutaciones de los cibermedios y de sus diversas variantes y las sistematiza para aportar nuevas dimensiones a la construcción teórica del emergente modelo de comunicación interactiva.
Fifteen Years of Online Journalism. Interaction and Hypertextuality
Authors: Navarro-Zamora Lizy 
Published: September 2009

On-line journalism completes 15 years of existence in 2009. The characteristics of journalism have evolved with information technology. Interaction and hypertextuality are two elements that configure the essence of the relationship between journalism and new information and communication technologies. This research analyzes the profile and elements of on-line journalism, as well as the transmitter and receiver in this communication process. The research corpus is 10 international media and the following Mexican media: 100 newspapers, 30 television stations and 30 radio stations, all with more than 10 years’ on-line experience. Also, two hundred e-mails were sent out to journalists, leader writers and webmasters.
En el 2009 se cumplen 15 años del inicio del periodismo en Internet. Las características del periodismo han evolucionado con la convergencia digital. La interactividad e hipertextualidad son dos elementos que configuran la esencia de la relación entre periodismo y tecnologías de la información y comunicación. En esta investigación se realizó el análisis del perfil y elementos del periodismo digital, así como el emisor y receptor de este proceso comunicativo. El corpus de la investigación fueron diez medios internacionales y los siguientes medios nacionales: 100 periódicos, 30 cadenas de televisión y 30 emisoras de radio que desde hace más de 10 años están en Internet. También se realizó el envío de 2.000 correos electrónicos a un corpus de otros tantos periodistas: reporteros, editorialistas y webmaster.
Networks of Participation and Communicative Interchanges in Public Radio: Podcasting
Authors: González-Conde María Julia , Salgado-Santamaría Carmen 
Published: September 2009

The development of podcasting as an additional system of cyberradio stimulates the appearance of networks of participation and communicative interchanges of social interest, and has numerous advantages over conventional radio practices. The spreading of podcasts through public radio situates it within the process of technological convergence and in an Information and Knowledge society which is able to offer different services within reach of all citizens. Only the introduction of new contents and services that contribute added value to the existing ones and satisfy the needs of users will make this system profitable.
El desarrollo de los podcasting, como sistema añadido de la ciberradio, impulsa a las redes de participación e intercambios comunicativos de interés social, que exhiben numerosas ventajas frente a las prácticas radiofónicas conocidas. La difusión que la radio pública realiza de los podcasts, la colocan en el actual proceso de convergencia tecnológica, y la sitúan en una sociedad de la información y del conocimiento, capaz de ofrecer diferentes servicios al alcance de todos los ciudadanos. Sólo la introducción de nuevos contenidos y servicios que aporten valor añadido a los existentes y satisfagan las necesidades de sus usuarios, procurarán la rentabilidad de este sistema.
Video in Cyberspace: Usage and Language
Authors: Díaz-Arias Rafael 
Published: September 2009

Video is growing faster than any other content in cyberspace. Video clips jumping between screens represent a narrative return to the origins of cinema. In cyberspace, videos can be cybermovies, cybertelevision, television on demand and cybervideo. The social uses of video in cyberspace overlap with information in a process of horizontal communication of immense potential, but with the risk of fragmenting the public sphere. Video is a factor of globalization and a vector of infotainment that colonizes both the media and cyberspace. Hypermedia language fragments the expressive elements of classical audiovisual language. It is necessary to explore new ways of interactive audiovisual language and investigate how video links the media to cyberspace in a new audiovisual ecosystem.El vídeo es el contenido de más rápido crecimiento en el ciberespacio. Los vídeoclips que saltan entre las pantallas suponen un regreso narrativo a los orígenes del cine. En el ciberespacio se dan modalidades audiovisuales características: cibercine, cibertelevisión, televisión a la carta y cibervídeo. Los usos sociales del vídeo en el ciberespacio se solapan con los informativos en un proceso de comunicación horizontal, de enorme potencial, pero que presenta riesgos de fragmentación de la esfera pública. El vídeo es factor de globalización y vector del info-entretenimiento que coloniza tanto el espacio mediático como el ciberespacio. En el lenguaje hipermedia los elementos expresivos del lenguaje audiovisual clásico se fragmentan. Es necesario explorar nuevos modos interactivos de lenguaje audiovisual e investigar cómo el vídeo vincula el espacio mediático y el ciberespacio en un nuevo ecosistema audiovisual.
Investigating the Reading Process by Means of Collaborative Environment
Authors: Neitzel Adair de Aguiar , Neitzel Luiz Carlos 
Published: September 2009

Brazilian research on the determining factors for the success of programs to teach reading indicates a need to view literature as an aesthetic object that will encourage children to appreciate books. This study proposes investigating teachers' concepts of literature, from the point of view of the children. Chat was used as a data collection mechanism, proposed between two groups of elementary school children and interviews with the teachers. The analysis of the chats followed the methodology of Franco (1997). This study indicates three key areas for winning a reading public: a) qualified human resources, with a clear concept of literature as an aesthetic phenomenon; b) methodological procedures that are coherent with this concept; c) a bibliographical archive that is aligned with this concept.
Investigaciones brasileñas acerca de los factores determinantes para el éxito de programas de formación de lectores señalan la necesidad del empleo de la literatura como objeto estético para que el niño se aproxime al libro. Esta investigación se propuso estudiar las concepciones de los profesores acerca de la literatura a partir del punto de vista del lector infantil. Se utilizó el chat como mecanismo de recolección de datos, propuesto entre dos clases de la enseñanza fundamental, y entrevistas con las profesoras regentes. El análisis de los chats siguió la metodología de Franco (1997), evidenciando que los docentes no consideran al libro como un objeto estético que necesita ser disfrutado. Esta investigación señala tres ejes básicos para la conquista de un público lector: a) recursos humanos calificados con claridad acerca de la concepción de literatura como fenómeno estético; b) procedimientos metodológicos coherentes con esa concepción; c) acervo bibliográfico ajustado a esa concepción.
Learning with videogames: Ideas for a Renewal of the Theory of Knowledge and Education
Authors: Gramigna Anita , González-Faraco Juan Carlos 
Published: September 2009

In this paper we reflect on the relationship of games, cognitive development and educational processes during a time of profound technological change. Specifically, we consider the role of videogames in knowledge construction and in children’s education. By studying both the logic of video games and how players understand them, we can develop interesting ideas for re-thinking theories on knowledge and education. Primarily, this text analyzes the role of video games in the world of play in order to delve into its unique narrative models. Finally, we evaluate their virtual features for learning and education in general, then focusing on the risks entailed. We conclude with a cognitive-pedagogical evaluation of the connective thought that videogames can develop.
En este artículo se reflexiona sobre la relación del juego con el desarrollo cognitivo y los procesos educativos en un tiempo de profundos cambios tecnológicos. En concreto, sobre el papel de los videojuegos en la construcción del conocimiento y la formación de los niños. Profundizando en la lógica de los videojuegos y en la relación compleja que los usuarios entablan con ellos, pueden extraerse interesantes ideas para repensar la teoría del conocimiento y la educación. El texto analiza primeramente el papel de los videojuegos en el mundo lúdico, para internarse posteriormente en sus modelos narrativos propios. Finalmente se valoran sus virtualidades para el aprendizaje y en general para la educación, sin olvidar sus riesgos. Se concluye en la valorización cognitiva y pedagógica del pensamiento conectivo que pueden desarrollar los videojuegos.
Multimedia and Reading Ways: a State of the Art
Authors: Díaz-Noci Javier 
Published: September 2009

Multimedia is one of the less studied characteristics, probably because of the less-developed level of the digital language. Along with hypertext and interactivity, it is one of the characteristics that defines the digital edition. Those characteristics have been always studied from the point of view of production, although not so much from the point of view of reception. How do users read a digital text? The reader’s participation, reading depth, different trailblazing, the relation user-interface and the conception of multimedia text as a module of a database introduce major changes in the reception of the text, which can and must be studied.La multimedialidad es una de las características menos estudiadas, tal vez por menos desarrolladas, del nuevo lenguaje digital. Junto con el hipertexto y la interactividad, constituye una de las características que definen el discurso digital. Estas características siempre se han estudiado desde el punto de vista de la producción, no tanto desde el punto de vista de la recepción. ¿Cómo leen los usuarios un texto digital? La participación del lector, la profundidad de la lectura, los distintos recorridos y propósitos por la superficie y los niveles más profundos del texto, la relación del usuario con la interfaz y la concepción del texto multimedia como módulo en una base de datos introducen cambios sustanciales en la recepción del texto que pueden y deben ser estudiados.
Characterization of Taylor vortex flow in a short liquid column
Authors: Deng Rensheng , Arifin Davis Yohanes , Mak Ye Chyn , Wang Chi‐Hwa 
Published: September 2009

AbstractWe present a study on Taylor vortex flow in the annulus between a rotating inner cylinder and a stationary outer cylinder, featured with a wide gap (radius ratio is 0.613) and a short column (aspect ratio is 5.17). A particle image velocimetry (PIV) system was used to determine the position, shape, and velocity distribution of the vortices, by which the flow was also confirmed to lie in the nonwavy Taylor vortex regime for all operating conditions explored in this study. Our results suggest that end boundary effects are important, in which the vortex number decreases with decreasing column length. For a system with an aspect ratio of 5.17, six vortices appear in the gap with their position, size, and shape varying at different Reynolds numbers. The fluid velocities show an asymmetric feature with respect to the vortex centers, while the maximum axial and radial velocities increase almost linearly with the increasing reduced Reynolds number (Re − Rec). In addition, computational fluid dynamics study was employed under the same conditions, and its results agree well with the PIV measurements. Overall, this study provides a quantitative understanding of the formation of Taylor vortices in a constrained space. © 2009 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2009
Graphene: The New Two‐Dimensional Nanomaterial
Authors: Rao C. N. R. , Sood A. K. , Subrahmanyam K. S. , Govindaraj A. 
Published: September 2009

AbstractEvery few years, a new material with unique properties emerges and fascinates the scientific community, typical recent examples being high‐temperature superconductors and carbon nanotubes. Graphene is the latest sensation with unusual properties, such as half‐integer quantum Hall effect and ballistic electron transport. This two‐dimensional material which is the parent of all graphitic carbon forms is strictly expected to comprise a single layer, but there is considerable interest in investigating two‐layer and few‐layer graphenes as well. Synthesis and characterization of graphenes pose challenges, but there has been considerable progress in the last year or so. Herein, we present the status of graphene research which includes aspects related to synthesis, characterization, structure, and properties.
Nonlinear control of power converters: a new adaptive backstepping approach
Authors: Fu Jun , Jin Ying , Zhao Jun 
Published: September 2009

AbstractThis paper proposes a new backstepping approach to nonlinear control of power converters which is attracting considerable attention in both theoretical research and practical applications. The main difference between the proposed algorithm and the existing classical adaptive backstepping method in the literature is that the adaptation mechanism does not follow the certainty‐equivalence principle. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley and Sons Asia Pte Ltd and Chinese Automatic Control Society
Treatment of impulsive aggression in correctional settings
Authors: Shelton Deborah , Sampl Susan , Kesten Karen L. , Zhang Wanli , Trestman Robert L. 
Published: September 2009

AbstractPurpose. This article reports the implementation of Dialectical Behavioral Therapy—Corrections Modified (DBT‐CM) for difficult to manage, impulsive and/or aggressive correctional populations. Methods. Participants were English‐speaking women (n = 18) and men (n = 45) of diverse cultural backgrounds between the ages of 16 and 59 years old retained in state‐run prisons in Connecticut. Following consent, and a psychological assessment battery, twice‐weekly DBT‐CM groups were held over 16 weeks followed by random assignment to DBT coaching or case management condition, with sessions taking place individually for eight weeks. Data analysis. A mixed effects regression model was used to test the hypotheses: participants will show decreased aggression, impulsivity, and psychopathology, as well as improved coping, after completing the DBT‐CM groups; and will show greater reduction in targeted behaviors than those receiving case management at the six month and 12 month follow‐up assessment periods. Results. Significant reduction in targeted behavior was found from baseline to following the16 week DBT‐CM skills treatment groups. Both case management and DBT coaching were significant at 12 month follow‐up. A significant difference was found for adult men and women. Conclusions. The study supports the value of DBT‐CM for management of aggressive behaviors in prison settings. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
“It's doom alone that counts”: can international human rights law be an effective source of rights in correctional conditions litigation?
Authors: Perlin Michael L. , Dlugacz Henry A. 
Published: September 2009

AbstractOver the past three decades, the U.S. judiciary has grown increasingly less receptive to claims by convicted felons as to the conditions of their confinement while in prison. Although courts have not articulated a return to the “hands off” policy of the 1950s, it is clear that it has become significantly more difficult for prisoners to prevail in constitutional correctional litigation. The passage and aggressive implementation of the Prison Litigation Reform Act has been a powerful disincentive to such litigation in many areas of prisoners' rights law. From the perspective of the prisoner, the legal landscape is more hopeful in matters that relate to mental health care and treatment. Here, in spite of a general trend toward more stringent applications of standards of proof and a reluctance to order sweeping, intrusive remedies, some courts have aggressively protected prisoners' rights to be free from “deliberate indifference” to serious medical needs, and to be free from excessive force on the part of prison officials. A mostly hidden undercurrent in some prisoners' rights litigation has been the effort on the part of some plaintiffs' lawyers to look to international human rights doctrines as a potential source of rights, an effort that has met with some modest success. It receives support by the inclination of other courts to turn to international human rights conventions—even in nations where such conventions have not been ratified—as a kind of “best practice” in the area. The recent publication and subsequent ratification (though not, as of yet, by the United States) of the UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD) may add new support to those using international human rights documents as a basis for litigating prisoners' rights claims. To the best of our knowledge, there has, as of yet, been no scholarly literature on the question of the implications of the CRPD on the state of prisoners' rights law in a U.S. domestic context. In this article, we raise this question, and offer some tentative conclusions. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Psychometric properties of the Coolidge Correctional Inventory in a sample of 3,962 prison inmates
Authors: Coolidge Frederick L. , Segal Daniel L. , Klebe Kelli J. , Cahill Brian S. , Whitcomb Jamie M. 
Published: September 2009

AbstractThe present study reports on the preliminary psychometric characteristics of a new personality and neuropsychological, 250‐item, self‐report measure, the Coolidge Correctional Inventory (CCI), in an archival de‐identified sample of 3,962 prison inmates. The median internal reliability for the 33 CCI scales and subscales was α = .79 (range: α = .49 to .93). A prevalence estimate, based on the polythetic criteria in DSM‐IV‐TR, of at least one personality disorder was 61% of the entire sample, and the prevalence of ADHD was estimated to be 16%. Drug and alcohol problems were also highly prevalent (60%). These results appear to support the preliminary reliability and validity of the CCI and also reveal a high rate of psychopathology and neuropsychological dysfunction among prison inmates. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.