bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Problems after discharge and understanding of communication with their primary care physicians among hospitalized seniors: A mixed methods study
Authors: Arora Vineet M. , Prochaska Megan L. , Farnan Jeanne M. , D'Arcy V Michael J. , Schwanz Korry J. , Vinci Lisa M. , Davis Andrew M. , Meltzer David O. , Johnson Julie K. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractBACKGROUND:Communication and coordination with primary care physicians (PCPs) is recommended to ensure safe care transitions for hospitalized older patients. Understanding patient experiences of problems after discharge can help clinical teams design more patient‐centered care transitions.OBJECTIVE:To report older patients' experiences with problems after hospital discharge and investigate whether PCPs were aware of their hospitalization.DESIGN:Prospective mixed methods study.SETTING:Single academic medical center.PATIENTS:Hospitalized patients and PCPs.MEASUREMENTS:Telephone interviews of frail, older general medical patients conducted 2 weeks after discharge to elicit patient problems after discharge, such as: (1) obtaining medications, or follow‐up appointments; and (2) perceptions of hospital physician communication with their PCP. For each patient interviewed, their PCP was faxed a survey 2 weeks after discharge to assess awareness of hospitalization.RESULTS:Forty‐two percent (27) of patients reported 42 different post‐discharge problems. The most frequently reported problems were difficulty with follow‐up appointments or tests (12). Other reported problems included readmission and return to the Emergency Department (10), problems with medications (8), not‐prepared for discharge (8), and hospital complications or questions (4). Thirty percent of PCPs were unaware of patient hospitalization. Patients were twice as likely to report a problem if their PCP was unaware of the hospitalization (31% PCP aware, vs. 67% PCP not aware; P < 0.05).CONCLUSION:This study suggests that many frail, older patients reported problems after discharge and were twice as likely to do so when the patient's PCP was not aware of the hospitalization. Systematic interventions to improve communication with PCPs during patient hospitalization are needed. Journal of Hospital Medicine 2010. © 2010 Society of Hospital Medicine.
Post‐discharge hospital utilization among adult medical inpatients with depressive symptoms
Authors: Mitchell Suzanne E. , Paasche‐Orlow Michael K. , Forsythe Shaula R. , Chetty Veerappa K. , O'Donnell Julie K. , Greenwald Jeffrey L. , Culpepper Larry , Jack Brian W. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractBACKGROUND:Little evidence exists to determine whether depression predicts hospital utilization following discharge among adult inpatients on a general medical service.OBJECTIVE:We aimed to determine whether a positive depression screen during hospitalization is significantly associated with an increased rate of returning for hospital services.DESIGN:A secondary analysis was performed using data from 738 English‐speaking, hospitalized adults from the Project RED randomized controlled trial (clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT00252057) conducted at an urban academic safety‐net hospital.MEASUREMENTS:We used the nine‐item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ‐9) depression screening tool to identify patients with depressive symptoms. The primary endpoint was hospital utilization, defined as the number of emergency department (ED) visits plus readmissions within 30 days of discharge. Poisson regression was used to control for confounding variables.RESULTS:Of the 738 subjects included in the analysis, 238 (32%) screened positive for depressive symptoms. The unadjusted hospital utilization within 30 days of discharge was 56 utilizations per 100 depressed patients compared with 30 utilizations per 100 non‐depressed patients, incident rate ratio (IRR) (confidence interval [CI]), 1.90 (1.51–2.40). After controlling for potential confounders, a higher rate of post‐discharge hospital utilization was observed in patients with depressive symptoms compared to patients without depressive symptoms (IRR [CI], 1.73 [1.27–2.36]).CONCLUSIONS:A positive screen for depressive symptoms during an inpatient hospital stay is associated with an increased rate of readmission within 30 days of discharge in an urban, academic, safety‐net hospital population. Journal of Hospital Medicine 2010. © 2010 Society of Hospital Medicine.
Deficiency of telomerase activity aggravates the blood–brain barrier disruption and neuroinflammatory responses in a model of experimental stroke
Authors: Zhang Bei , Chen Lei , Swartz Karin R. , Bruemmer Dennis , Eum Sung Yong , Huang Wen , Seelbach Melissa , Choi Yean Jung , Hennig Bernhard , Toborek Michal 
Published: June 2010

AbstractEpidemiology and genetic studies indicate that patients with telomere length shorter than average are at higher risk of dying from heart disease or stroke. Telomeres are located at the ends of eukaryotic chromosomes, which demonstrate progressive length reduction in most somatic cells during aging. The enzyme telomerase can compensate for telomere loss during cell replication. The present study sought to investigate the contribution of telomerase to stroke and blood–brain barrier (BBB) dysfunction. Telomerase reverse transcriptase knockout (TERT−/−) mice and littermate controls with normal TERT expression were subjected to a 24‐hr permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion (pMCAO). The stroke outcomes were assessed in terms of neurological scores and infarct volumes. In addition, we evaluated oxidative stress, permeability across the BBB, and integrity of tight junctions in brain microvessels. Neurological testing revealed that TERT−/− mice showed enhanced deficits compared with controls. These changes were associated with a greater infarct volume. The expression of tight junction protein ZO‐1 decreased markedly in ischemic hemispheres of TERT−/− mice. The brain microvessels of TERT−/− mice also were more susceptible to oxidative stress, revealing higher superoxide and lower glutathione levels compared with mice with normal TERT expression. Importantly, TERT deficiency potentiated the production of inflammatory mediators, such as tumor necrosis factor‐α, interleukin‐1β, and intercellular adhesion molecule‐1, in the ischemic hemispheres of mice with pMCAO. Our study suggests that TERT deficiency can predispose to the development of stroke in an experimental model of this disease. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Conformational evolution of TFSI− in protic and aprotic ionic liquids
Authors: Martinelli Anna , Matic Aleksandar , Johansson Patrik , Jacobsson Per , Börjesson Lars , Fernicola Alessandra , Panero Stefania , Scrosati Bruno , Ohno Hiroyuki 
Published: June 2010

AbstractWe here report on the conformational evolution of the bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide anion (TFSI−) in protic and aprotic TFSI−‐based ionic liquids as a function of temperature. The investigation is performed by Raman spectroscopy in the spectral ranges 240‐380 cm−1 and 715‐765 cm−1, where the interference from bands due to the cations is negligible. The contribution from each TFSI− conformation, i.e. the cisoid (C1) and the transoid (C2), is quantified in order to estimate the enthalpy of conformational change, ΔH, which is found to be in the range 3.4–7.3 kJ/mol in the liquid state. Conformational information is for the first time determined from the 740 cm−1 band, which previously mainly has been used as an indicator of ion‐ion interactions. The similarity in ΔH values obtained from the two spectral ranges demonstrates the validity of using also the 740 cm−1 band for the quantification of the TFSI conformational evolution. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Pressure‐induced anomalous phase transformation in nano‐crystalline dysprosium sesquioxide
Authors: Sharma Nita Dilawar , Singh Jasveer , Dogra Sugandha , Varandani D. , Poswal Himanshu Kumar , Sharma S. M. , Bandyopadhyay A. K. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractThe phase transformation in nano‐crystalline dysprosium sesquioxide (Dy2O3) under high pressures is investigated using in situ Raman spectroscopy. The material at ambient was found to be cubic in structure using X‐ray diffraction (XRD) and Raman spectroscopy, while atomic force microscope (AFM) showed the nano‐crystalline nature of the material which was further confirmed using XRD. Under ambient conditions the Raman spectrum showed a predominant cubic phase peak at 374 cm−1, identified as Fg mode. With increase in the applied pressure this band steadily shifts to higher wavenumbers. However, around a pressure of about 14.6 GPa, another broad band is seen to be developing around 530 cm−1 which splits into two distinct peaks as the pressure is further increased. In addition, the cubic phase peak also starts losing intensity significantly, and above a pressure of 17.81 GPa this peak almost completely disappears and is replaced by two strong peaks at about 517 and 553 cm−1. These peaks have been identified as occurring due to the development of hexagonal phase at the expense of cubic phase. Further increase in pressure up to about 25.5 GPa does not lead to any new peaks apart from slight shifting of the hexagonal phase peaks to higher wavenumbers. With release of the applied pressure, these peaks shift to lower wavenumbers and lose their doublet nature. However, the starting cubic phase is not recovered at total release but rather ends up in monoclinic structure. The factors contributing to this anomalous phase evolution would be discussed in detail. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effects of solid substrate on the SERS‐based immunoassay: a comparative study
Authors: Song Chunyuan , Wang Zhuyuan , Yang Jing , Zhang Ruohu , Cui Yiping 
Published: June 2010

AbstractA comparative study of the solid substrates used in surface‐enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) based immunoassay is made in this paper. Five different substrates were prepared and divided into two groups with and without SERS activity. They are (1) a poly‐L‐lysine slide, (2) a glutaraldehyde (GA)‐aminosilane slide, (3) a substrate assembled with silver nanoparticles, (4) a substrate assembled with silver nanoparticles and functionalized with GA–aminosilane and (5) a substrate assembled with gold nanoparticles, of which the first two are substrates are without SERS activity and the latter three are with SERS activity because of the existence of the metallic nanoparticles. The SERS experimental results show that the immunoassay performed on an SERS‐active substrate is more effective than that employing the inactive substrate. Among the inactive substrates, the GA–aminosilane slide with a better ability for antibody immobilization leads to a more sensitive immunoassay than the poly‐L‐lysine slide. Moreover, for SERS‐based immunoassay, the substrate with assembled silver nanoparticles has an advantage of higher SERS enhancement capacity over the substrate assembled with gold nanoparticles. This work indicates that SERS‐active substrates play important and positive roles in sensitive SERS‐based immunoassay. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Local recurrence in the pectoralis muscles following modified radical mastectomy for carcinoma
Authors: Scanlon Edward F. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractLocal recurrence following treatment of carcinoma of the breast is usually associated with systemic metastases. However, there are some cases in which local disease is the only manifestation of recurrence, and long‐term survival can be achieved in these patients with aggressive treatment. Ten cases of apparent isolated metastasis in the pectoralis muscle following modified radical mastectomy are presented and good results were obtained in some cases utilizing surgery or x‐ray therapy or a combination. It is worth noting that reconstruction would not have interefered with the detection of these recurrences, if the implant had been placed under the muscle.
Effect of dietary fiber on intestinal transit times in operated patients with familial polyposis
Authors: Daly John M. , Miller Helen H. , Besser Pamela , Groshen Susan , Decosse Jerome J. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractThe effect of dietary fiber supplementation on whole gut transit time in the absence of an intact large bowel is not known. To address this question, 39 patients who had undergone a total colectomy and ileorectal anastamosis for familial polyposis were studied. Treatment arms in a controlled chemoprevention trial consisted of a placebo low‐fiber supplement (2 g fiber/day) with or without vitamins or a high‐fiber bran supplement (22 g fiber/day) with vitamins. Whole gut transit time was measured by an oral carmine marker, which was administered before and 4–6 weeks after beginning the fiber supplement. Pretreatment median whole gut transit time was 9.7 ± 9.1 hr (interquartile range; IQR), and the mean daily frequency of bowel movements was four ± two (IQR). After introduction of the treatment fiber, the median intestinal transit in the low‐fiber group (n=26) was 8.5 ± 6.7 hr (IQR), and in the high‐fiber group (n=13) median transit was 8.0 ± 6.8 hr (IQR). There was no difference in the final transit times, nor between the initial and subsequent measurements between the groups. Addition of dietary fiber increased slightly the frequency of bowel movements to a median of six per day. These results indicate that dietary fiber does not affect transit in the stomach and small intestine.
Erythropoietin production by macrophages in the regenerating liver
Authors: Naughton Gail K. , Naughton Brian A. , Gordon A. S. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractThe site of erythropoietin (Ep) production and/or storage in the rat liver was determined. A guinea pig anti‐Ep was produced against purified rat Ep (64,096 ± 4J064 IU/mg). This antibody was found to be highly specific using rocket immunoelectrophoresis, Ouchterlony gel diffusion methods, and immunoprecipitin reactions as well as Ep neutralization tests (capable of completely neutralizing up to 2,000 IU Ep/mg). This anti‐Ep was labeled with either fluorescein for light microscopic study or ferritin for electron microscopy. Kupffer cells showed varying degrees of labeling after hepatectomy alone or hepatectomy combined with nephrectomy and/or hypoxia. Greatest labeling was seen in Kupffer cells of rats that were nephrectomized 48 hr posthepatectomy and kept at ambient pressure. No labeling of hepatocytes or vascular and bile duct endothelium was noted.
Localization of intraperitoneal xenografts of human colon cancer by radiolabeled anti‐CEA antibodies
Authors: Duda Rosemary B. , Wong Jeffrey Y. C. , Paxton Raymond J. , Beatty Barbara G. , Williams Lawrence E. , Shively John E. , Beatty J. David 
Published: June 2010

AbstractAn intraperitoneal xenograft tumor model was developed in the nude mouse to represent advanced colorectal disease in the human patient. Intraperitoneal (ip) and subcutaneous (sc) tumor xenografts were successfully localized by indium 111‐labeled anti‐carcinoembryonic antigen monoclonal antibodies (Indacea) administered intravenously (IV) or in‐traperitoneally (IP). In the sc model, tumor uptake (% injected dose per g of tumor tissue—%lD/g) was significantly improved at 72 hours postin‐jection when Indacea was administered IP (44.01 ± 1.94 vs. 33.74 ± 0.87, P<0.005). In the ip model, tumor uptake at 72 hours was improved with IP Indacea (28.23 ± 5.42 vs. 19.36 ± 5.50, P<0.01) and the tumor to blood ratio was significantly improved for IP Indacea (17.83 ± 2.95 vs. 8.45 ± 1.38, P<0.01). Tumor mass was not a contributing factor in these differences. This study demonstrates that ip xenografts can be successfully imaged using radiolabeled antibodies and that the IP route of administration results in better tumor uptake of the antibody in ip lesions.
Thyroid carcinoma infiltrating the trachea: Clinical, histologic, and morphometric analyses
Authors: Nomori Hiroaki , Kobayashi Koichi , Ishihara Tsuneo , Torikata Chikao , Hosada Yasuhiro , Ozaki Osamu , Ito Kunihiko 
Published: June 2010

AbstractForty‐five patients with papillary or follicular thyroid carcinomas with tracheal infiltration were examined by clinical, histologic, and morphometric analyses. Twenty‐four patients with completely encapsulated carcinomas (encapsulated cases) and 26 patients with carcinomas confining within the thyroid capsule (nonencapsulated cases) were examined as controls. Patients with tracheal infiltration were significantly more often male and older than the patients without (P<0.01 and P<0.05, respectively). The histologic grade of differentiation did not correlate with tracheal infiltration. The nuclear area of tumor cells was significantly larger in the cases with tracheal infiltration than in the cases without (P<0.01). In 12 recurrent cases with tracheal infiltration, the nuclear area of recurrent tumours was significantly larger than those of their own primary tumors (P<0.01). These results confirm that thyroid carcinomas with tracheal infiltration were more frequent in male and older patients and had more significant nuclear atypia than the tumors without tracheal infiltration.
Localization of small liver tumors
Authors: Li Guo‐Hui , Li Jin‐Qing 
Published: June 2010

AbstractThirty‐six patients with small liver tumor were diagnosed by α‐fetoprotein (AFP); sonography, and computed tomography (CT), and underwent he‐patectomy. The pathological types included 23 hepatocelluler carcinoma (HCC), 11 hepatic cavernous hemangioma, and 2 secondary liver cancer. In 22 patients, the tumor nodules were located in the right lobe and 14 cases in the left lobe. The diagnostic accuracy rate of CT was 100% for HCC and secondary liver cancer, but for hepatic cavernous hemangioma it was only 72.2%. However, the accuracy rate of sonography was as high as 81.8% for hepatic cavernous hemangioma and only 60.4% for liver malignancies. The positive rate of AFP for the HCC patients of this series was only 66.6%. The method of intraoperative detection of small liver tumor is introduced, if the tumor was invisible grossly or nonpalpable during exploratory laparotomy. In the series, 7 cases in whom the right lobe lesion was too small to be located by routine manual examination during exploratory laparotomy were detected by this method, and all small liver tumors were resected successfully.
Establishment and characterization of human gastric and colonic xenograft lines resistant to CPT‐11 (A new derivative of camptothecin)
Authors: Nagai Satoshi , Yamauchi Masaji , Andoh Toshiwo , Nishizawa Miwako , Satta Tetsuya , Kodera Yasuhiro , Kondou Ken , Akiyama Seiji , Ito Katsuki , Takagi Hiroshi 
Published: June 2010

AbstractCPT‐11‐resistant human gastric and colonic xenograft lines were established by direct intratumoral injection of CPT‐11 into subcutaneous SC‐1‐NU and CC‐2‐NU tumors in nude mice once a week for 10 months. The resistance of these xenograft lines to CPT‐11 was confirmed by growth inhibition rate, to be 36.3% and 45.4%, respectively, compared to each parent cell line. DNA topoisomerase I activity of the nuclear extracts of SC‐1‐NU/CPT‐11 and CC‐2‐NU/CPT‐11, as assayed by relaxation of supercoiled DNA Col‐E1, was significantly less than those of the parent lines. The cellular levels of topoisomerase I in those resistant lines measured by Western blot analysis were 0.57‐ and 0.79‐fold lower than those of the parental lines, respectively. However, the activity of DNA topoisomerase II of those resistant cell lines assayed by decatenation of kinetoplast DNA was higher than that of the parental lines and the cellular levels of topoisomerase II in the resistant lines measured by Western blot analysis were 10.8‐ and 8.1‐fold higher than those of the parent lines. Intracellular accumulation of CPT‐11 in CPT‐11‐resistant tumors was not changed as compared to that of the parental lines, but hydrolysis of CPT‐11 to more active SN‐38 was reduced in the resistant tumors.
Ionic liquid for single‐drop microextraction followed by high‐performance liquid chromatography‐ultraviolet detection to determine carbonyl compounds in environmental waters
Authors: Liu Qingyang , Liu Yanju , Chen Shunzong , Liu Qingjun 
Published: June 2010

AbstractA sensitive method based on ionic liquid for single‐drop liquid microextraction coupled with HPLC‐UV was developed for the determination of carbonyl compounds in environmental waters using 1‐octyl‐3‐methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate [C8min][PF6] as extraction solvent and 2,4‐dinitrophenylhydrazine as derivatizing agent. The extraction parameters affecting the enrichment factors such as solvent volume, pH, extraction time and salt concentration were investigated. A homemade funnel form polytetrafluoroethylene sleeve was fixed at the tip of the syringe needle and this allowed the use of 10 μL drop of ionic liquid for direct immersion extraction. Under the optimal conditions, the remarkable enrichment factors up to 150‐fold were obtained depending on the target analytes. The method has been validated when rectilinear relationship was obtained between the concentrations of analytes and peak area in the range of 5–100 ng/mL, the correlation coefficients were from 0.995 to 0.998, and the limit of detection was in the range of 0.04–2.03 ng/mL. The method was applied to monitor the concentration of carbonyl compounds in environmental waters with spiked recovery in the range of 84.2–106.9%.
Biointeraction analysis of carbamazepine binding to α1‐acid glycoprotein by high‐performance affinity chromatography
Authors: Xuan Hai , Joseph K. S. , Wa Chunling , Hage David S. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractInteractions of the drug carbamazepine with the serum protein α1‐acid glycoprotein (AGP) were examined by high‐performance affinity chromatography. Frontal analysis studies with an immobilized AGP column and control column indicated carbamazepine had both low‐affinity interactions with the support and high‐affinity interactions with AGP. When a correction was made for binding to the support, the association equilibrium constant measured at pH 7.4 and 37°C for carbamazepine with AGP was 1.0 (±0.1)×105 M−1, with values that ranged from 5.1 to 0.58×105 M−1in going from 5 to 45°C. It was found in competition studies that these interactions were occurring at the same site that binds propranolol on AGP. Temperature studies indicated that the change in enthalpy was the main driving force for the binding of carbamazepine to AGP. These results provide a more complete picture of how carbamazepine binds to AGP in serum. This report also illustrates how high‐performance affinity chromatography can be used to examine biological interactions and drug–protein binding in situations in which significant interactions for an analyte are present with both the chromatographic support and an immobilized ligand.