bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sinus augmentation via transcrestal approach: a comparison between the balloon and osteotome technique in a cadaver study
Authors: Chan Hsun‐Liang , Oh Tae‐Ju , Fu Jia‐Hui , Benavides Erika , Avila‐Ortiz Gustavo , Wang Hom‐Lay 
Published: June 2012

AbstractBackgroundThe transcrestal approach with osteotomes is a commonly applied and predictable technique for maxillary sinus floor elevation. However, Schneiderian membrane perforation is a common and often inevitable intraoperative complication. Recently, the use of balloons has been proposed to reduce the risk of sinus membrane perforation and to facilitate the surgical technique. The aim of this study was to determine membrane elevation height and perforation rate using the transcrestal balloon technique (B) and a conventional osteotome approach, as control (C).MethodsTen fresh, completely edentulous cadaver heads (seven male and three female) were selected. In a split‐mouth design, each sinus was randomly assigned to either the experimental or the control technique. Pre‐surgical planning was aided by cone‐beam computed tomography. During the procedure, an endoscope was used to monitor the elevation procedure and the occurrence of sinus perforation. The elevation continued until either 15 mm (measured from the alveolar crest) was reached or a perforation occurred. The residual ridge and the elevated membrane height were measured and compared with the paired Student's t‐test. Presence of sinus perforation was recorded at three cutoff points: 10, 12, and 15 mm.ResultsThe mean age of the specimens was 77.7 ± 14.2 years (range 49–92). The mean initial, final, and elevated sinus membrane height for the B group was 5.3 ± 1.9, 13.7 ± 1.9, and 8.3 ± 3.1 mm, whereas the correspondent values for the C group were 5.1 ± 2.1, 13.2 ± 2.8, and 8.1 ± 3.1 mm. The incidence of sinus perforation, using 10, 12, and 15 mm as end points was 0%, 22.2%, and 44.4% in the B group, whereas in the C group the respective values were 10.0%, 20.0%, and 50.0%. No statistically significant differences were found between the two groups for all the above‐mentioned variables. In addition, mean residual ridge height was not significantly different between the non‐perforation and perforation sites in the B group (5.2 ± 2.2 and 5.5 ± 1.7 mm) and in the C group (5.2 ± 2.5 and 5.0 ± 2.0 mm). Three cadavers had perforations in both sinuses, accounting for 66.6% of total number of perforations.ConclusionsBased on the findings of this study, the balloon and the conventional osteotome approach are comparable in terms of perforation rate as it relates to the elevation height. Also, the amount of residual alveolar bone was not related to the incidence of perforation and the height of sinus elevation.
Early‐stage osseointegration capability of a submicrofeatured titanium surface created by microroughening and anodic oxidation
Authors: Yamada Masahiro , Ueno Takeshi , Minamikawa Hajime , Ikeda Takayuki , Nakagawa Kaori , Ogawa Takahiro 
Published: June 2012

AbstractObjectiveThe role of nanoscale/submicron morphological features in the process of osseointegration is largely unknown. This study reports the creation of a unique submicrofeatured titanium surface by a combination of anodic oxidation and sandblasting and determines how the addition of this submicrofeature to a microroughened surface affects the early‐stage process of osseointegration.Materials and methodsNonmicroroughened implants were prepared by machining Ti‐6Al‐4V alloy in a cylindrical form (1 mm diameter and 2 mm long). Microroughened implants were prepared by sandblasting machined implants, while submicrofeatured implants were created by anodic oxidation of the sandblasted implants. Implants were placed into rat femurs and subjected to biomechanical, interfacial, and histological analyses at 1 and 2 weeks post‐implantation (n = 6).ResultsThe submicrotopography was characterized by 50–300 nm nodules and pits in addition to other submicron‐level irregularities formed entirely within the sandblast‐created microstructures. The biomechanical strength of osseointegration increased continuously from week 1 to 2 for the submicrofeatured implants but not for the microroughened implants. A significant increase in bone‐implant contact and bone volume, as well as a reduction in soft tissue intervention, were commonly found for the microroughened surface and the submicrofeatured surface compared with the nonmicroroughened surface. However, there were no differences in these parameters between the microroughened surface and the submicrofeatured surface. An extensive area of bone tissue at the submicrofeatured implant interface was retained intact after biomechanical shear testing, while the microroughened implant‐tissue interface showed a gap along the entire axis of the implant, leading to clear separation of the tissue during the shear procedure.ConclusionsThis study demonstrates that a submicrofeatured titanium surface created by a combination of sandblasting and anodic oxidation enhances the strength of early‐stage osseointegration, primarily because of the increased resistance of peri‐implant bone tissue against external force rather than modulation of bone morphogenesis.
Regenerative periodontal therapy of infrabony defects using minimally invasive surgery and a collagen‐enriched bovine‐derived xenograft: a 1‐year prospective study on clinical and aesthetic outcome
Authors: Cosyn Jan , Cleymaet Roberto , Hanselaer Lore , De Bruyn Hugo 
Published: June 2012

AbstractAimTo evaluate the clinical and aesthetic outcome of regenerative periodontal therapy (RPT) using minimally invasive surgery and a collagen‐enriched bovine‐derived xenograft (1); to identify risk factors for failure (clinical attachment level (CAL) gain ≤1 mm) and advanced gingival recession (REC) increase (>1 mm) (2).Material and methodsNinety‐five non‐smoking patients, with ≤25% full‐mouth plaque and bleeding presenting ≥6 months after initial periodontal therapy with ≥1 isolated inter‐dental infrabony defect were recruited. Patients were consecutively treated by the same clinician using minimally invasive surgery and a collagen‐enriched bovine‐derived xenograft. Clinical, radiographic and aesthetic data were collected before surgery and up to 1 year. Multivariate analyses were used to identify risk factors for failure and advanced REC increase.ResultsEighty‐four patients (39 men, 45 women; mean age 53) complied and demonstrated mean probing depth (PD) of 7.8 mm, CAL of 10.0 mm and defect depth of 5.2 mm before surgery. At 1 year, postsurgery mean PD reduction was 3.5 mm (range 0.0–8.0), CAL gain was 3.1 mm (range 0.0–7.0) and radiographic defect fill was 53% (range 0–100). Forty‐nine percentage showed ≥4 mm CAL gain, whereas 15% were considered failures. Mean inter‐dental and midfacial REC increase was 0.3 mm (range−2.0–2.0) and 0.5 mm (range−1.5–2.0) respectively. Midfacial REC increase and contour deterioration contributed most to a small, yet significant reduction in the Pink Esthetic Score from 10.06 to 9.42 (p = 0.002). Risk factors for failure included defects with a non‐supportive anatomy (OR: ≥10.4), plaque (OR: 14.7) and complication(s) (OR: 12.0). Risk factors for advanced midfacial REC increase included defects with a non‐supportive anatomy (OR: 58.8) and a thin‐scalloped gingival biotype (OR: 76.9).ConclusionsRPT using minimally invasive surgery and a collagen‐enriched bovine‐derived xenograft demonstrated favourable clinical outcome after 1 year, even though soft tissue aesthetics could not be fully preserved. Defects with a non‐supporting anatomy may be at risk for failure and advanced midfacial recession.
Combined photoablative and photodynamic diode laser therapy as an adjunct to non‐surgical periodontal treatment. A randomized split‐mouth clinical trial
Authors: Giannelli Marco , Formigli Lucia , Lorenzini Luca , Bani Daniele 
Published: June 2012

AbstractAimComparing the efficacy of photoablative and photodynamic diode laser in adjunct to scaling ‐root planing (SRP) and SRP alone for the treatment of chronic periodontitis.Materials and MethodsTwenty‐six patients were studied. Maxillary left or right quadrants were randomly assigned to sham‐laser treatment + SRP or laser + SRP. This consisted of photoablative intra/extra‐pocket de‐epithelization with diode laser (λ = 810 nm), followed by single SRP and multiple photodynamic treatments (once weekly, 4–10 applications, mean ± SD: 3.7 ± 2.4) using diode laser (λ = 635 nm) and 0.3% methylene blue as photosensitizer. The patients were monitored at days 0 and 365 by clinical assessment (probing depth, PD; clinical attachment level, CAL; bleeding on probing, BOP) and at days 0, 15, 30, 45, 60, 75, 90, 365 by cytofluorescence analysis of gingival exfoliative samples taken in proximity of the teeth to be treated (polymorphonuclear leukocytes, PMN; red blood cells, RBC; damaged epithelial cells, DEC; bacteria).ResultsAt day 365, compared with the control quadrants, the laser + SRP therapy yielded a significant (p < 0.001) reduction in PD (−1.9 mm), CAL (−1.7 mm) and BOP (−33.2% bleeding sites), as well as in bacterial contamination – especially spirochetes – and PMN and RBC shedding in the gingival samples (p < 0.001).ConclusionsDiode laser treatment (photoablation followed by multiple photodynamic cycles) adjunctive to conventional SRP improves healing in chronic periodontitis patients.
Perifollicular fibroma in Birt–Hogg–Dubé syndrome: an association revisited
Authors: Shvartsbeyn Marianna , Mason Ashley R. , Bosenberg Marcus W. , Ko Christine J. 
Published: June 2012

Background: Mutation in the folliculin gene in Birt–Hogg–Dubé (BHD) syndrome leads to a spectrum of benign tumors of the hair follicle, classically including both fibrofolliculoma and trichodiscoma. In addition, lesions clinically indistinguishable from fibrofolliculoma/ trichodiscoma may show histopathologic findings of perifollicular fibroma or angiofibroma. Although some consider perifollicular fibroma to be a variant of angiofibroma, the specific histopathologic findings of perifollicular fibroma are uncommon.Methods: This is a case series.Results: In 4 patients with multiple facial lesions, recognizing perifollicular fibroma would have been helpful in leading to the diagnosis of BHD syndrome.Conclusion: Perifollicular fibroma is on a spectrum with fibrofolliculoma and trichodiscoma; in a patient with multiple lesions, the diagnosis of perifollicular fibroma is suggestive of BHD syndrome.
The ventral proximal nail fold: stem cell niche of the nail and equivalent to the follicular bulge – a study on developing human skin
Authors: Sellheyer Klaus , Nelson Paula 
Published: June 2012

BackgroundAlthough the bulge is well characterized as a stem cell niche of the hair follicle, comparatively little is known about the location of stem cells in the nail. Herein, we describe the spatiotemporal expression pattern of six stem cell markers in the developing human nail and compared it with the embryonic and fetal human hair follicle. The areas of proliferative activity were additionally examined using labeling with Ki‐67.MethodsWe examined immunohistochemically samples from embryonic and fetal human nail, hair and skin for the expression of cytokeratin 15 (CK15, two clones), cytokeratin 19 (CK19), PHLDA1, CD200, nestin and Ki‐67 using standard techniques.ResultsCK15 (clone LHK15), CK19 and PHLDA1 are negative in the nail and hair matrix but positive in the ventral proximal nail fold and in the follicular bulge. Over the course of embryogenesis they display a highly specific spatiotemporal expression pattern both in the nail and in the hair follicle.ConclusionsWe propose that at least during embryogenesis the proximal ventral nail fold represents the niche for the nail stem cells. In contrast to animal experiments, autoradiographic pulse‐chasing studies cannot be performed in human, and immunohistochemical studies are a valid alternative although they have their limitations. Further studies on adult human nail units are suggested.
Neural antigen‐specific autoimmune disorders
Authors: Iorio Raffaele , Lennon Vanda A. 
Published: June 2012

SummaryNeural‐specific autoantibodies have been documented and their diagnostic utility validated in diseases affecting the neuraxis from cerebral cortex to the somatic, autonomic, and enteric nervous system and skeletal muscle. These neurological disorders occur both idiopathically and in a paraneoplastic context. Molecular identification of the antigens has expedited development of confirmatory and high‐throughput tests for serum and cerebrospinal fluid, which permit early diagnosis and reveal the underlying molecular pathogenic mechanisms. The autoantibodies are classifiable on the basis of antigen location: intracellular (nuclear or cytoplasmic) or plasma membrane. Immunohistopathological studies of patients’ biopsied and autopsied tissues suggest that effector T cells mediate the autoimmune neurological disorders for which defining autoantibodies recognize intracellular antigens. Antigens within intact cells are inaccessible to circulating antibody, and the associated neurological deficits rarely improve with antibody‐depleting therapies. Tumoricidal therapies may arrest neurological progression, but symptom reversal is rare. In contrast, autoantibodies specific for plasma membrane antigens have pathogenic potential, and the associated neurological deficits are often amenable to antibody‐depleting immunotherapy, such as plasma exchange and anti‐B‐cell monoclonal antibody therapy. These reversible neurological disorders are frequently misdiagnosed as neurodegenerative. The focus of this review is the immunobiology, pathophysiology, and clinical spectrum of autoimmune neurological disorders accompanied by neural‐specific IgGs.
In vivo near‐infrared autofluorescence imaging of pigmented skin lesions: methods, technical improvements and preliminary clinical results
Authors: Wang Shuang , Zhao Jianhua , Lui Harvey , He Qingli , Zeng Haishan 
Published: June 2012

Background/purposesFluorescence emission from in vivo cutaneous melanin was recently detected under near‐infrared (NIR) excitation by our group. We then built a prototype NIR autofluorescence imaging system to observe and characterize the melanin distribution in human skin. In this article, we reported a new setup of NIR fluorescence imaging system and calibration methods to optimize the system for better clinical feasibility and clearer image.MethodsThe imaging system was designed to perform both fluorescence and reflectance imaging with a 785‐nm fiber‐coupled laser source. The illumination light was purified by a 785‐nm bandpass filter for fluorescence excitation; while the spontaneous components were selected by a longpass filter for NIR reflectance imaging. A hand‐controlled filter wheel was used to switch these two filters for different imaging modes. A dichroic filter was used to guide the illuminating light onto the skin surface for excitation. Reflectance and fluorescence signals were collected sequentially by a NIR optimized CCD camera. The captured images were calibrated by the reflectance images of a standard reflectance disk for non‐uniform illuminations and light collection efficiencies.ResultsThe clinical results demonstrated that NIR fluorescence intensities and distribution patterns vary among lesion types. It was also confirmed that pigmented skin lesions emitted higher NIR fluorescence than the surrounding normal skin due to the presentation of higher concentrations of cutaneous melanin within the lesions.ConclusionNIR autofluorescence imaging system could be utilized as a powerful tool for visualizing melanin distribution in pigmented skin lesions and as a potential method for aiding melanoma detection.
Investigation of the relationship between wrinkle formation and deformation of the skin using three‐dimensional motion analysis
Authors: Fujimura Tsutomu 
Published: June 2012

BackgroundAlthough there have been many studies investigating facial movements using three‐dimensional (3D) quantitative analysis, the possible relationship between the levels of wrinkles and the movement distance of facial skin has previously not been reported.MethodForty‐four healthy Japanese women (from 20 to 50 years, average = 47.7 ± 3.6 years) were recruited for this study with written informed consent. Infrared reflective marks were attached on their forehead skin, and then moving images of facial skin motions (raising the eyebrows) were captured using two infrared cameras under infrared ray irradiation. Calibration for the absolute value of distance was established using an exact one‐point 3‐m cube having infrared reflective marks at each apex. The two pupils and the top of the nose were setup as fixed standard points. 3D motion analysis was then carried out using Move‐tr/3D™ software to determine the absolute distances of skin surface movements. Levels of wrinkles were determined using a 3D roughness analyzer (PRIMOS™) directly at rest and when raising the eyebrows.ResultsThe wrinkle levels at rest showed a relatively high and significant correlation with wrinkles when strongly raising the eyebrows. Although the wrinkle levels at rest showed no correlation with the movement distance, the wrinkle levels when raising the eyebrows showed a significant correlation with the movement distance. The ratio of change based on the distance between the marks at rest and when raising the eyebrows showed similar correlation results.ConclusionsThese results suggest that both the levels of skin deformation caused by movements and the wrinkles at rest are important factors that determine the wrinkle level when raising the eyebrows. However, the level of skin deformation is not important for wrinkle levels at rest, which indicates that other factors such as skin elasticity are also important for the formation of wrinkles.
Role of cigarette filter on the risk of oral cancer: a case–control study in a Chinese population
Authors: Fu JY , Gao J , Zhang ZY , Zheng JW , Zhong LP , Luo JF , Xiang YB 
Published: June 2012

Oral Diseases (2012) 19, 80–84Objective:  To determine the role of cigarette filter on the incidence risk of oral squamous cell cancer among male smokers in a Chinese population.Subjects and Methods:  A multicentric hospital‐based case–control study was applied. Three hundred and nineteen male cases and 428 male controls matching for age (±3 years) were identified from January 2008 to December 2010. Detailed smoking histories were obtained by interviews. Logistic regression model was used to compare the influence of filter and non‐filter cigarettes on oral cancer risk.Results:  The adjusted odd ratios (ORs) for oral cancer were 1.30 (95% CI 1.15, 1.48) of filter cigarette smokers, 2.06 (95% CI 1.17, 3.62) of non‐filter cigarette smokers, and 1.73 (95% CI 1.33, 2.25) of mixed smokers, as compared with non‐smokers. When classified current smokers according to smoking pack year, the ORs of mixed smokers were 2.27 (95% CI 1.06, 4.85) in <20 pack year, 0.81 (95% CI 0.57, 1.14) in 20–39 pack year, and 0.86 (95% CI 0.57, 1.29) in ≥40 pack year, as compared to filter cigarette smokers.Conclusions:  The protective effect against oral cancer of cigarette filter was limited, restricted to smokers of small amount of smoking accumulation. For most smokers, the difference was non‐significant between filter and non‐filter cigarettes on the risk of developing oral cancer.
The effect of chewing gum on the impact, pain and breakages associated with fixed orthodontic appliances: a randomized clinical trial
Authors: Benson P. E. , Razi R. M. , Al‐Bloushi R. J. 
Published: June 2012

Benson P. E., Razi R. M., Al‐Bloushi R. J. The effect of chewing gum on the impact, pain and breakages associated with fixed orthodontic appliances: a randomized clinical trial  Orthod Craniofac Res 2012;15:178–187. ©2012 John Wiley & Sons A/SStructure AbstractObjectives –  To determine whether the use of chewing gum reduced the impact and pain of fixed orthodontic appliances.Setting and sample population –  The Orthodontic Department of the Charles Clifford Dental Hospital, Sheffield, UK. Fifty‐seven patients aged 18 years or younger and who were about to start fixed orthodontic appliance treatment.Subjects and Methods –  A randomized clinical trial with two parallel groups either allocated to receive chewing gum after placement of their appliance or who were asked not to chew gum. The patients completed a previously validated Impact of Fixed Appliances questionnaire at 24 h and 1 week following each visit up until the placement of the working archwire. A visual analogue scale (VAS) was used to assess the intensity of pain. Appliance breakages were recorded to the end of treatment.Results –  The difference between the median Total Impact Score of the two groups at 24 h was 16, which was significant (p = 0.031; Mann–Whitney U‐test). The difference between the median VAS between the two groups at 24 h was 25 mm, which was significant (p = 0.038; Mann–Whitney U‐test). There were no differences at 1 week. None of the risk ratios for appliance breakages were significant.Conclusion –  Chewing gum significantly decreased both the impact and pain from the fixed appliances. There was no evidence that chewing gum increased the incidence of appliance breakages.
Human leukocyte antigen‐A, ‐B, ‐C, ‐DRB1 and ‐DQB1 allele and haplotype frequencies in an Albanian population from Kosovo
Authors: Sulcebe G. , Cuenod M. , Sanchez‐Mazas A. , Tiercy J.‐M. , Zhubi B. , Shyti E. , Kardhashi V. 
Published: June 2012

SummaryHLA‐A, HLA‐B, HLA‐C, HLA‐DRB1 and HLA‐DQB1 genotyping was performed in a sample of Albanian population from Kosovo. The comparison of the respective allele frequencies through Fst analysis resulted in a close relationship with the Albanians from Albania, the Bulgarians, FYROM Macedonians and Greeks, while the other neighbouring populations are slightly more distant.
Distribution of HLA‐G 14‐bp insertion/deletion polymorphism in six Chinese ethnic groups
Authors: Tao Y. , Chen J. , Yao Y. , Shi L. , Lin K. , Huang X. , Dong Z. , Chu J. , Shi L. 
Published: June 2012

SummaryRecently, a 14‐bp insertion/deletion polymorphism (+14 bp/−14 bp) in exon 8 of the Human leucocyte antigen‐G (HLA‐G) gene has been studied extensively because this polymorphism has been associated with HLA‐G mRNA stability and could influence HLA‐G mRNA expression. We investigated the distribution of the 14‐bp insertion/deletion polymorphism in six different Chinese ethnic groups (Bulang, Wa, Hani, Jinuo, Maonan and Zhuang), which originated from three major ancient tribes (Di‐Qiang, Baipu and Baiyue) in China. Comparison of the 14‐bp insertion frequency in the six groups with other Chinese groups showed marked variation among the three ancient tribes, Di‐Qing (0.490–0.534), Baipu (0.470–0.609) and Baiyue (0.280–0.344). Furthermore, the frequencies of the 14‐bp insertion were similar in groups that came from the same ancient tribe, which indicated that the individuals who share the 14‐bp insertion have the most probably inherited the 14‐bp element from a common ancestor. In addition, an intra‐tribal comparison of the 14‐bp insertion/deletion frequencies between the descendants of the ancient ancestral tribes suggests that population histories or some environmental effects, such as founder effect or isolation, might also influence the distribution.