bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Post‐3/11 Japan and the Radical Recontextualization of Value: Music, Social Media, and End‐Around Strategies for Cultural Action
Authors: CONDRY IAN 
Published: October 2011

AbstractThe disasters of 3/11 provoked a global outpouring of emotion towards the suffering in Japan. In many ways, this singular event seemed to refigure the meanings of community and technology by drawing attention to the fragility of human control in times of disaster. Although the long‐term consequences remain uncertain, this radical recontextualization of value points to a way of thinking about broader processes of change, a contrast to cultural analysis that proceeds by directly critiquing structures of power on their own terms. If we look to processes whereby a new context can be the impetus that undermines seemingly entrenched interests, we might find inspiration for alternative forms of critique and action. Music provides a model for cultural movements that do not attack power directly, but rather operate through this kind of slippery, insidious, “end‐around” strategy of change that gains its force from recontextualizing social logics. These features of music foreshadow some of the contemporary developments in social media, and may point to untapped potentials for subverting, and possibly transforming, enduring structures of power and inequality.
Relative Rank‐order of Salient Identities of the Japanese
Authors: UEMURA RYOTARO 
Published: October 2011

AbstractHow are multiple identities of Japanese people rank‐ordered? Previous studies on multiple identities almost exclusively focus on people in the USA. Little is known about the structure of multiple identities of people living in other countries. Japan is a good comparative case because it has both similar and different social contexts than the USA. Analyzing a recent survey of a nationally representative sample of Japanese adults, I examine how multiple identities are rank‐ordered by their salience among the Japanese. The results suggest that among ten identities, the most salient are the family–marital status identity, the occupational identity, and the national identity, while the least salient identities are social class, religious, and political identities. This identity rank‐order differs from that found in a comparable study of Americans in that the rank‐orders of national and religious identities are reversed. The observed patterns also seem to contradict an emerging line of cross‐cultural research that suggests national identity is less important for the Japanese than for Americans. Overall, this paper empirically demonstrates the fundamental dictum of symbolic interactionism that self reflects society, and suggests the importance of specifying and examining country‐level factors to study identity structures.
Head‐To‐Head Comparison of Arrhythmia Discrimination Performance of Subcutaneous and Transvenous ICD Arrhythmia Detection Algorithms: The START Study
Authors: GOLD MICHAEL R. , THEUNS DOMINIC A. , KNIGHT BRADLEY P. , STURDIVANT J. LACY , SANGHERA RICK , ELLENBOGEN KENNETH A. , WOOD MARK A. , BURKE MARTIN C. 
Published: October 2011

Arrhythmia Detection with S‐ICD Versus Transvenous ICDs.
Background:
The development of a totally subcutaneous implantable defibrillator (S‐ICD) system requires a new approach for arrhythmia detection. To evaluate arrhythmia discrimination of one such system, the Subcutaneous versus Transvenous Arrhythmia Recognition Testing (START) study was designed as a prospective, multicenter trial comparing simulated sensing performances of the S‐ICD system with single‐ (SC‐TV) and dual‐chamber transvenous (DC‐TV) implantable cardioverter‐defibrillator (ICD) systems.Methods: At ICD implantation, induced ventricular and atrial arrhythmias were recorded simultaneously in transvenous (right ventricular [RV]→superior vena cava [SVC]+ Coil) and cutaneous electrode configurations. Recorded signals of ventricular (n = 46) and atrial arrhythmias (n = 50) with ventricular rates >170 bpm from 64 patients were used to compare detection performance of the S‐ICD system with TV‐ICD systems from 3 manufacturers. Appropriate detection of ventricular tachyarrhythmias was assessed with devices programmed in single‐zone (rate ≥170 bpm) and dual‐zone configurations (ventricular fibrillation ≥240 bpm; ventricular tachycardia ≥170 bpm). S‐ICD specificity performance for supraventricular arrhythmias was compared to single‐ and dual‐chamber devices in a dual‐zone configuration.Results: Appropriate detection of ventricular tachyarrhythmias for subcutaneous and TV devices in single‐ and dual‐zone configurations was 100% and >99%, respectively. Specificity for supraventricular arrhythmias was significantly better for the S‐ICD system compared to 2 of 3 TV systems, as well as the composite of TV devices (98.0%[S‐ICD] vs 76.7%[SC‐TV range: 64.0–92.0%] vs 68.0%[DC‐TV range: 32.7–89.8%; P < 0.001]).Conclusion: Appropriate ventricular arrhythmia detection is excellent for all ICD systems evaluated; however, specificity of supraventricular arrhythmia discrimination by the S‐ICD system is better than discrimination by 2 of 3 TV systems.
Evolving Electroanatomic Substrate and Intra‐Atrial Reentrant Tachycardia Late After Fontan Surgery
Authors: YAP SING‐CHIEN , HARRIS LOUISE , DOWNAR EUGENE , NANTHAKUMAR KUMARASWAMY , SILVERSIDES CANDICE K. , CHAUHAN VIJAY S. 
Published: October 2011

Atrial Remodeling After the Fontan Operation.
Introduction:
The prevalence of intra‐atrial reentrant tachycardia (IART) increases with age in Fontan patients. This study aimed to characterize the atrial electroanatomic substrate for IART late after Fontan surgery.
Methods and Results:
Detailed electroanatomic mapping of the right atrium (RA) was performed in 11 consecutive patients (33 ± 9 years) with older style Fontan circulation (atriopulmonary and atrioventricular connection) who underwent their first radiofrequency catheter ablation (RFCA) for IART. A comparative group of 30 non‐Fontan congenital heart disease (CHD) patients were also studied. Fontan patients had larger RA (P = 0.004), larger low‐voltage area ≤0.5 mV (P = 0.01), and more fractionated potentials (P < 0.001) than non‐Fontan CHD patients. RA enlargement correlated significantly with both low‐voltage zones (Spearman ρ= 0.68, P < 0.001) and fractionated potentials (Spearman ρ= 0.48, P = 0.001). Among Fontan patients, both age and time since Fontan surgery were significantly correlated to the amount of low‐voltage areas (Spearman ρ= 0.87, P < 0.001; Spearman ρ= 0.63, P = 0.04, respectively). Successful RFCA was accomplished in 30 (73%) patients and was less likely in Fontan patients (54% vs 83%, P = 0.04). Larger RA was significantly associated with a lower success rate (P = 0.04). During a follow‐up duration of 2.3 ± 1.6 years, IART recurred in 47% of patients. Larger RA size and larger low‐voltage areas predicted IART recurrence after RFCA.
Conclusion:
Fontan patients demonstrate progressive adverse atrial electrical remodeling with increasing age and time since surgery. Newer strategies beyond surgical incisions, such as pharmacotherapies that retard the progression of atrial fibrosis, may be required to reduce the long‐term risk of atrial arrhythmias.
Adiponectin and atherosclerosis risk factors in African hemodialysis patients: A population at low risk for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease
Authors: Amira Oluwatoyin C. , Naicker Saraladevi , Manga Pravin , Sliwa Karen , Mia Alamgir , Raal Frederick , Crowther Nigel John , Immelman Ronald A. , Olorunju Steve 
Published: October 2011

AbstractAtherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the major cause of morbidity and mortality in hemodialysis (HD) patients. Adiponectin (ADPN), a recently discovered collagen‐like protein, is secreted exclusively by adipocytes. It has anti‐atherogenic properties and reduced serum ADPN levels have been shown to be predictive of cardiovascular events. In this study, we determined the atherosclerotic risk and the significance of ADPN levels in our HD patients and also examined its relationship to other traditional CVD risk factors. A cross‐sectional study of 84 patients on maintenance HD (58 Blacks and 26 non‐Blacks) and 63 healthy controls matched for age, sex and race (35 Blacks and 28 non‐Blacks) was undertaken. Serum ADPN levels and other risk factors, including blood pressure, serum lipid, and C‐reactive protein, were studied in HD patients and were compared with the controls. Carotid artery intima‐media thickness and plaque occurrence was measured by B‐mode ultrasonography while echocardiography was done according to American Society of Echocardiography guidelines. Serum ADPN levels were higher in the HD group compared with the control subjects (22.19 ± 0.98 μg/mL vs. 9.93 ± 0.68 μg/mL; P < 0.001). Higher ADPN levels in HD patients were associated with lower triglyceride levels. ADPN correlated positively (r = 0.49, P < 0.0001) with left ventricular mass index (LVMI) in the total study population. ADPN levels were raised in HD patients and correlated with LVMI, possibly because of the confounding effect of low glomerular filtration rate. ADPN levels were inversely related to risk factors for atherosclerosis and may provide possible targets for therapeutic interventions.
Effects of glucose‐supplemented diets on food intake, nymphal development, and fecundity of glucose‐averse, non‐glucose‐averse, and heterozygous strains of the German cockroach, Blattella germanica
Authors: Silverman Jules 
Published: October 2011

AbstractLife history parameters were determined for glucose‐averse (glu/glu), wild‐type (glu+/glu+) and heterozygous (glu/glu+) genotypes of Blattella germanica (L.) (Blattodea: Blattellidae) fed diets supplemented with glucose. Glu/glu nymphs consumed less glucose‐supplemented diet, gained less weight, developed slower and had a lower rate of survival than glu/glu nymphs fed the same diet without added glucose, or glu+/glu+ and glu/glu+ fed either diet. Prior to formation of the first oötheca, female glu/glu consumed less glucose‐supplemented diet per day than glu+/glu+ and glu/glu+, which presumably delayed egg case production. Oötheca‐bearing glu/glu and glu/glu+ females consumed less glucose‐supplemented diet than glu+/glu+ females. Despite a difference in female total diet intake, there was no effect of diet or genotype on fecundity. However, the intrinsic rate of increase (r) for glulglu on unsupplemented diet was less than that of glu+/glu+ and glu/glu+, suggesting that individuals with both glu alleles may be at a selective disadvantage in environments lacking diets containing glucose plus a toxicant.
Genetic and phenotypic variation for flight ability in the cactophilic Drosophila species, D. aldrichi and D. buzzatii
Authors: Gu H. , Barker J. S. F. 
Published: October 2011

AbstractThe flight ability of Drosophila aldrichi (Patterson & Crow) and D. buzzatii (Patterson & Wheeler) using tethered flights, was measured with respect to age‐related changes, genetic variation and adult body size variation induced by rearing at different larval densities. Drosophila buzzatii flew for much longer than D. aldrichi, especially females, but age‐related changes in flight duration were significant only for D. aldrichi. Effects of body size on flight ability were significant in D. buzzatii, but not in D. aldrichi. In D. buzzatii, there was a significant genotype‐environment interaction (larval density × line) for flight duration, with short and average flight duration isofemale lines showing longer flights, but a long flight duration line shorter flights as body size decreased (i.e., as larval density increased). Heritability estimates for flight duration were similar in the two species, but flight duration showed no significant genetic correlations with developmental time, body size or wing dimensions (except for one wing dimension in D. buzzatii). Although not significantly different between the species, heritabilities for life‐history traits (adult size and developmental time) showed contrasting patterns ‐ with higher heritability for body size (body weight and thorax length) in D. buzzatii, and higher for developmental time in D. aldrichi. In agreement with limited previous field evidence, D. buzzatii is better adapted for colonization than is D. aldrichi.
Effects of pre‐adult and adult experience on host acceptance in choice and non‐choice tests in two strains of Trichogramma
Authors: Bjorksten Tracey A. , Hoffmann Ary A. 
Published: October 2011

AbstractThe effect of adult learning through an oviposition experience, and pre‐adult learning through development inside a host was investigated in two strains of an Australian egg parasitoid, Trichogramma nr ivelae (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae). Host response was measured in two types of laboratory preference tests. In single host tests, females reared on three lepidopteran hosts (Heliothis punctigera (Noctuidae), Papilio aegeus (Papilionidae), and Hypolimnas bolina (Nymphalinae)) were presented host eggs individually, and allowed two ovipositions. Pre‐adult experience affected host preference in only one strain, while acceptance of a host was increased in both strains when they had previously oviposited in this host species. An oviposition experience had a stronger effect on host preference than pre‐adult experience. In choice tests, pairwise combinations of hosts were arranged in an alternating grid. The ratio of host acceptances to host contacts was computed for the whole test and up to the first oviposition. These indicated that effects of rearing host were weak or absent, but the host chosen initially had a strong effect on host preference. Relative size of the hosts had a strong effect on choice of the first host. The implications of learning in Trichogramma are discussed in relation to host preference testing procedures and the selection of candidate strains for mass rearing and inundative release.
Morphological features of mutant rat, IS‐Tlk/Kyo, fetuses with caudal vertebral anomalies
Authors: Takano Masao , Katsumata Yoshihiro , Ogawa Junko , Ebata Tomonori , Urasoko Yoshinaka , Asano Yuzo , Serikawa Tadao , Kuramoto Takashi 
Published: October 2011

ABSTRACTIS‐Tlk/Kyo, a rat mutant strain derived from IS/Kyo strain, exhibits a kinked and/or short tail, in addition to a congenital anomaly of the lumbar vertebrae that is a hallmark of IS/Kyo rats. Homozygotes (Tlk/Tlk) of Tlk dominant gene are known to die during embryonic development. The present report deals with the morphological features of heterozygous IS‐Tlk/Kyo rat fetuses in comparison with those of IS/Kyo rat fetuses. One of the morphological features was a high incidence of tail vertebral anomalies in IS‐Tlk rats (81.6% versus 0% in IS/Kyo rats). Significantly low values in number of live fetuses and ossified 5th sternebra and sacral and caudal vertebrae were observed in IS‐Tlk/Kyo rats compared with those in IS/Kyo rats as well as a low incidence of fetuses with ventral septal defects in IS‐Tlk/Kyo (0% versus 54.4% in IS rats). These results suggest that the Tlk gene may be involved in the formation of the vertebral centra and the ventral septum when it expresses on the genetic background of the IS rat.
Understanding ageing in older Australians: The contribution of the Dynamic Analyses to Optimise Ageing (DYNOPTA) project to the evidence base and policy
Authors: Anstey Kaarin J , Bielak Allison AM , Birrell Carole L , Browning Colette J , Burns Richard A , Byles Julie , Kiely Kim M , Nepal Binod , Ross Lesley A , Steel David , Windsor Timothy D ,   the DYNOPTA team
Published: October 2011

Aim:  To describe the Dynamic Analyses to Optimise Ageing (DYNOPTA) project and illustrate its contributions to understanding ageing through innovative methodology, and investigations on outcomes based on the project themes. DYNOPTA provides a platform and technical expertise that may be used to combine other national and international datasets.Methods:  The DYNOPTA project has pooled and harmonised data from nine Australian longitudinal studies to create the largest available longitudinal dataset (n= 50652) on ageing in Australia.Results:  A range of findings have resulted from the study to date, including methodological advances, prevalence rates of disease and disability, and mapping trajectories of ageing with and without increasing morbidity. DYNOPTA also forms the basis of a microsimulation model that will provide projections of future costs of disease and disability for the baby boomer cohort.Conclusion:  DYNOPTA contributes significantly to the Australian evidence base on ageing to inform key social and health policy domains.
A prospective study evaluating spontaneous healing of aetiology, size and type‐different groups of traumatic tympanic membrane perforation
Authors: Lou Z.‐C. , Tang Y.‐M. , Yang J. 
Published: October 2011

Clin. Otolaryngol. 2011, 36, 450–460Objectives:  To evaluate the outcome of spontaneous healing of aetiology‐, size‐ and type‐different groups of acute traumatic eardrum perforation and to characterise changes in the morphology of the healing eardrum in various conditions.Study design:  Prospective clinical study.Setting:  University‐affiliated teaching hospital.Participants:  A total of 126 patients who visited the Outpatient Department of the Otolaryngology Clinic of Yiwu Central Hospital, Yiwu, China between January 2008 and June 2009 with acute traumatic tympanic membrane perforations.Main outcome measures:  All participants were allowed to heal spontaneously for 12 months. The clinical outcome including healing rate, healing time, hearing function and air–bone gap recovery as well as morphological changes of the healing tympanic membrane was evaluated on the bases of perforation aetiology, size and type, etc.Results:  By perforation size, the overall healing rate at the end of the 12‐month follow‐up was comparable to each other in the three (small, medium and large) size groups (P > 0.05); however, there were significant perforation size‐dependent differences in the average closure time (P < 0.05). For serosanguinous discharge and dry perforations, the healing rate at the end of 12‐month follow‐up was similar (95%versus 85%, P > 0.05), but the average healing time was different (16 versus 28 days, P < 0.01) and so was the sequence of granulation tissue formation and epithelial migration in the course of perforation healing. The inverted or everted edges as compared with no curled edges did not significantly affect the healing rate (95%versus 82%, P > 0.05) or closure time (24 versus 27 days). Hearing loss differed significantly between perforations of different causes (P < 0.01), but the perforation cause did not affect recovery of the air–bone defect. Pre‐existing tympanosclerosis was the most prominent cause of healing failure.Conclusion:  The clinical outcome of spontaneous healing of acute tympanic membrane perforations is generally associated with perforation size, aetiology and whether dry or with a serosanguenous discharge. The sequence of granulation tissue formation and epithelial migration differs during the healing of traumatic tympanic membrane formation in serosanguinous discharge conditions and dry perforation.
Reducing Cardiorenal Risk Through Combination Therapy With a Direct Renin Inhibitor
Authors: Rastogi Anjay , Rashid Mohamad , Wright Richard F. 
Published: October 2011

J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich). 2011;13:848–855. ©2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.Interruption of the renin‐angiotensin‐aldosterone system (RAAS) cascade with angiotensin‐converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs), or more recently direct renin inhibitors (DRIs) is a safe and effective antihypertensive strategy that is in routine clinical use. The clinical utility of these agents in cardiorenal end‐organ protection is increasingly being recognized. Although both ACE inhibitors and ARBs demonstrate substantial benefit in patients with cardiovascular and/or renal disease, considerable evidence indicates that they only partially suppress the RAAS pathway due to feedback upregulation of plasma renin activity. With the goal of providing more comprehensive RAAS blockade, combination ACE inhibitor/ARB therapy has been evaluated. However, this approach has not shown the anticipated improvements in composite cardiovascular and renal outcomes and appears to be associated with significant toxicity. Due to a unique mechanism of action, the combination of a DRI with an ACE inhibitor or ARB may represent an effective end‐organ–protective therapeutic strategy.
Response to Davis: choosing relevant evidence to assess monarch population trends
Authors: BROWER LINCOLN P. , TAYLOR ORLEY R. , WILLIAMS ERNEST H. 
Published: October 2011

Abstract.  1. We recently reported in this journal that the abundance of the migratory population of monarch butterflies is declining (Brower et al., 2011). Davis (Davis, 2011) subsequently challenged our conclusion.2. Here, we provide further information about the increasing loss of larval habitat and how it may be contributing to the decline.3. We also point out that Davis’s census data were obtained from peripheral monarch populations minimally influenced by the changes in agriculture and development that have affected the larger Midwestern monarch population. Therefore, the data cited by Davis are not representative of the overall monarch population.
A study of population density effects and demographic profiling on recorded customer contacts of sewer flooding
Authors: Unwin D. , Arthur S. 
Published: October 2011

AbstractThe reported research focuses on establishing tangible links between a series of interrelated databases, covering four major cities in Scotland, namely Aberdeen, Dundee, Edinburgh and Glasgow (2003–2006). The databases, containing postcode sector information, customer contacts (relating to sewer flooding complaints) and Multiple Deprivation scoring/Census Data, were supplied in a non‐common format and ‘mined’ so as to reveal patterns of information relating to how complaint density varies with population density and social deprivation scores. The research shows that there are indistinct patterns among the cities and that these patterns may be used to define critical density limits to which targeted asset management modelling approaches may be applied.
PSYCHOLOGICAL STRESS AND STRAIN IN DIALYSIS STAFF‐A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Authors: Böhmert Maren , Kuhnert Saskia , Nienhaus Albert 
Published: October 2011

SUMMARYBackgroung: As the number of dialysis patients increases, the psychological stress and strain suffered by dialysis personnel is of growing importance. For this reason a systematic review of the international literature was performed.Methods: A search of relevant databases for original studies or reviews published after 1990 resulted in 20 articles. The quality of these studies was assessed and they were grouped according to their focused central issues.Results: Stress and burnout were examined in 10 studies and a review. Working conditions and working situation in general were examined in eight studies. The findings were heterogeneous and difficult to compare. The results indicate that employees in the dialysis sector are subject to moderate levels of stress and burnout. Job satisfaction seems to be good. The few studies that allowed for comparison with other professions did not reveal excess stress and strain in dialysis personnel.Conclusion: The results do not indicate that dialysis workers are exposed to above‐average levels of stress or strain. Nevertheless, there is room for optimisation and need for action in some facilities.