bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Determination of the Indirect Orientation of Orbital PUSHBROOM Images Using Control Straight Lines
Authors: Tommaselli Antonio M. G. , Medeiros Nilcilene G. 
Published: June 2010

Abstract The aim of this paper is to present an experimental assessment of two models that use “control lines” for the indirect orientation of pushbroom imagery. Since pushbroom image acquisition is not instantaneous, six exterior orientation parameters (EOPs) must be estimated for each scanned line. The sensor position and attitude parameters are modelled with a time‐dependent polynomial. The relationship between a straight line in the image space and its homologous form in the object space is established in the first model, based on the principle that the position vector containing an image point (projection ray) and the vector normal to the projection plane in the object space are orthogonal. The second model is based on the equivalence between the vector normal to the projection plane in the image space and the vector normal to the rotated projection plane in the object space. The equivalence property between planes was adapted to consider the pushbroom geometry. A model based on collinearity equations using points adapted to the pushbroom geometry was also implemented, aiming at a comparison of the methodologies. Six experiments using different sets of observations for indirect estimation of EOPs of images from the China–Brazil Earth Resources Satellite (CBERS) were carried out, by varying the geometric distribution and the number of straight lines. Also, experiments combining points and straight lines were accomplished. The results showed that an accuracy of around twice the ground sample distance (GSD) in the check points can be achieved with the models studied, which can then be used to estimate the EOPs of pushbroom images. Several other factors affecting the accuracy, such as the distribution and number of control features, were also assessed.
Associations of Diet and Lifestyle With Headache in High‐School Students: Results From a Cross‐Sectional Study
Authors: Milde‐Busch Astrid , Blaschek Astrid , Borggräfe Ingo , Heinen Florian , Straube Andreas , Von Kries Rüdiger 
Published: June 2010

(Headache 2010;50:1104‐1114)Background.— Diet and lifestyle are seen as factors which influence headache in adults. However, population‐based studies on this issue in adolescents are rare.Objective.— Aim of the present study was to investigate associations between diet and lifestyle factors and different types of headache, ie, migraine and tension‐type headache (TTH) in adolescents.Methods.— A total of 1260 adolescents from the 10th and 11th grades of high schools filled in questionnaires on intake of meals, coffee, nonalcoholic and alcoholic drinks, smoking, and physical activity. Type of headache was classified according to the International Classification of Headache Disorders – 2nd edition. Multiple logistic regression models, adjusted for sex and grade, were calculated.Results.— High consumption of cocktails (odds ratio = 3.4; 95% confidence interval 1.9‐6.0) and coffee (2.4; 1.3‐4.7), smoking (2.7; 1.4‐5.1), and lack of physical activity (2.2; 1.3‐3.7) were significantly associated with migraine plus TTH episodes, consumption of coffee and physical inactivity particularly with migraine (3.4; 1.6‐7.0 and 4.2; 2.2‐7.9, respectively) and physical inactivity with TTH (1.7; 1.1‐2.7). Skipping of meals or insufficient fluid intake were not associated with any type of headache.Conclusions.— Adolescents with any type of headache might benefit from regular physical activity and low consumption of alcoholic drinks, while for migraine patients a low consumption of coffee should additionally be recommended. Intervention studies are warranted to assess whether psycho‐educational programs conferring knowledge of these associations will influence headache‐triggering behavior and headache in adolescents.
Mechanical insertion properties of calcium‐phosphate implant coatings
Authors: Hägi Tobias T. , Enggist Lukas , Michel Daniel , Ferguson Stephen J. , Liu Yuelian , Hunziker Ernst B. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractObjectives: To investigate the influence of protein incorporation on the resistance of biomimetic calcium‐phosphate coatings to the shear forces that are generated during implant insertion.Materials and Methods: Thirty‐eight standard (5 × 13 mm) Osseotite® implants were coated biomimetically with a layer of calcium phosphate, which either lacked or bore a co‐precipitated (incorporated) depot of the model protein bovine serum albumin (BSA). The coated implants were inserted into either artificial bone (n=18) or the explanted mandibles of adult pigs (n=12). The former set‐up was established for the measurement of torque and of coating losses during the insertion process. The latter set‐up was established for the histological and histomorphometric analysis of the fate of the coatings after implantation.Results: BSA‐bearing coatings had higher mean torque values than did those that bore no protein depot. During the insertion process, less material was lost from the former than from the latter type of coating. The histological and histomorphometric analysis revealed fragments of material to be sheared off from both types of coating at vulnerable points, namely, at the tips of the threads. The sheared‐off fragments were retained within the peri‐implant space.Conclusion: The incorporation of a protein into a biomimetically prepared calcium‐phosphate coating increases its resistance to the shear forces that are generated during implant insertion. In a clinical setting, the incorporated protein would be an osteogenic agent, whose osteoinductive potential would not be compromised by the shearing off of coating material, and the osteoconductivity of an exposed implant surface would not be less than that of a coated one. To cite this article:
Hägi TT, Enggist L, Michel D, Ferguson SJ, Liu Y, Hunziker EB. Mechanical insertion properties of calcium‐phosphate implant coatings. Clin. Oral Impl. Res. 21, 2010; 1214–1222. doi: 10.1111/j.1600‐0501.2010.01916.x
Impact of the global financial crisis on employed Australian baby boomers: A national survey
Authors: O'Loughlin Kate , Humpel Nancy , Kendig Hal 
Published: June 2010

Aim:  This paper examines the impact of the global financial crisis (GFC) on employed Australian baby boomers.Methods:  A nationally representative sample of 1009 boomers aged 50–64 years completed a survey by telephone interview mid 2009.Results:  Compared with 1 year ago, 38.9% of working boomers reported being financially worse off and this was more so for women (42.4%) than men (35.6%). Following the GFC, 41.4% of women and 31.9% of men had decided to postpone their retirement plans.Conclusion:  The GFC is affecting the retirement preparations and plans of Australia's baby boomers. Policy implications include reduced resources for retirement needs, and uneven and differential impacts for those with interrupted employment histories, notably women.
The Potential Impact of Metabolic Syndrome on Erectile Dysfunction in Aging Taiwanese Males
Authors: Lee Yung-Chin , Liu Chia-Chu , Huang Chun-Nung , Li Wei-Ming , Wu Wen-Jeng , Yeh Hsin-Chih , Wang Chii-Jye , Huang Chun-Hsiung , Huang Shu-Pin 
Published: June 2010

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Recently, metabolic syndrome (MtS) has received increasing attention. However, investigations regarding the potential impact of MtS and its components on erectile dysfunction (ED) have not been completely clarified.

Aim
To determine the potential impact of MtS on ED in aging Taiwanese males.

Main Outcome Measure
The definition of MtS was according to the modified criteria developed by the Bureau of Health Promotion in Taiwan. The presence and severity of ED were evaluated by International Index of Erectile Function 5 (IIEF-5) scores.

Methods
A total of 639 subjects with a mean age of 60.2 years (range 40–83) were enrolled during a free health screening. All the men had complete clinical data and questionnaires taken. Clinical variables were compared according to MtS and ED prevalence. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to determine the independent predictors of ED and MtS.

Results
Using age-adjusted multivariate logistic regression analysis, our results showed that subjects with ED had significantly higher prevalence of MtS (P &lt;0.01, OR=2.30, 95% CI: 1.44–3.69). The presence of MtS had significant correlation with lower IIEF-5 scores (P &lt;0.01), which were associated with the increment of MtS components number (P &lt;0.01). Among the MtS components, abnormal fasting blood glucose (FBG) was the most significantly independent factor of MtS for ED (P = 0.01, OR=1.60, 95% CI: 1.09–2.35). Testosterone levels were significantly lower in subjects with MtS (P = 0.05), while inversely correlated with number of MtS components (P &lt;0.01).

Conclusions
In aging Taiwanese males, the presence of MtS is strongly associated with ED and abnormal FBG is the most independent predictor for ED. Low testosterone level might be viewed as another possible common denominator for various pathologies linking MtS to ED.
First detection of a low-mass stellar halo around the young open cluster η Chamaeleontis
Authors: Murphy Simon J. , Lawson Warrick A. , Bessell Michael S. 
Published: June 2010

Abstract
We have identified several lithium-rich low-mass (0.08 &lt; M &lt; 0.3 M⊙) stars within of the young open cluster η Chamaeleontis, nearly four times the radius of previous search efforts. Of these stars, we propose four new probable cluster members and three possible members requiring further investigation. These findings are consistent with a dynamical origin for the current configuration of the cluster, without the need to invoke an abnormal initial mass function deficient in low-mass objects. Candidates were selected on the basis of DENIS and Two-Micron All-Sky Survey photometry, Naval Observatory Merged Astrometric Catalogue astrometry and extensive follow-up spectroscopy.
Ultraviolet Radiation Induces Filamentation in Bacterial Assemblages from North Andean Patagonian Lakes
Authors: Modenutti Beatriz , Balseiro Esteban , Corno Gianluca , Callieri Cristiana , Bertoni Roberto , Caravati Emanuele 
Published: June 2010

AbstractThrough laboratory experiments, we tested whether UV radiation (UVR) induces filamentation in natural bacteria assemblages from North Andean Patagonian lakes. We incubated water from three different lakes for 72 h in four separate treatments: (1) UVR + PAR (photosynthetically active radiation), (2) 50% UVR + PAR, (3) PAR and (4) 50% PAR. The irradiance levels used in the experiments were equivalent to those registered at the epilimnion of the lakes. In the UVR treatments filamentation was induced after the first 24 h and the proportion continued to increase for the next 48–72 h. A comparison of the gross composition and diversity of the entire community (cells >0.2 μm) with bacterial filaments alone (>5.0 μm) showed that UVR‐induced filamentation is not a feature of any particular cluster. By sequencing part of the 16S rRNA gene of the taxonomic units obtained using denaturing gels, we observed that strains in the β‐Proteobacteria group were of relatively high importance in filament formation, followed by Cytophaga–Flavobacterium–Bacteroides, γ‐Proteobacteria and α‐Proteobacteria, whereas Actinobacteria were almost nonexistent in the filaments. We propose that UVR doses equivalent to those of Andean lakes produce bacterial morphological changes, and that all bacterial groups except Actinobacteria can potentially form filaments.
Unitary dual ofGL(n) at archimedean places and global Jacquet–Langlands correspondence
Authors: Badulescu A. I. , Renard D. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractIn a paper by Badulescu [Global Jacquet–Langlands correspondence, multiplicity one and classification of automorphic representations, Invent. Math. 172(2008), 383–438], results on the global Jacquet–Langlands correspondence, (weak and strong) multiplicity-one theorems and the classification of automorphic representations for inner forms of the general linear group over a number field were established, under the assumption that the local inner forms are split at archimedean places. In this paper, we extend the main local results of that article to archimedean places so that the above condition can be removed. Along the way, we collect several results about the unitary dual of general linear groups over ℝ, ℂ or ℍ which are of independent interest.
In Vitro
Antifungal Activities of Bis(Alkylpyridinium)Alkane Compounds against Pathogenic Yeasts and Molds
Authors: Chen Sharon C.-A. , Biswas Chayanika , Bartley Robyn , Widmer Fred , Pantarat Namfon , Obando Daniel , Djordjevic Julianne T. , Ellis David H. , Jolliffe Katrina A. , Sorrell Tania C. 
Published: June 2010

ABSTRACT

Ten bis(alkylpyridinium)alkane compounds were tested for antifungal activity against 19 species (26 isolates) of yeasts and molds. We then determined the MICs and minimum fungicidal concentrations (MFCs) of four of the most active compounds (compounds 1, 4, 5, and 8) against 80
Candida
and 20 cryptococcal isolates, in comparison with the MICs of amphotericin B, fluconazole, itraconazole, voriconazole, posaconazole, and caspofungin, using Clinical Laboratory and Standards Institutes broth microdulition M27-A3 (yeasts) or M38-A2 (filamentous fungi) susceptibility protocols. The compounds were more potent against
Candida
and
Cryptococcus
spp. (MIC range, 0.74 to 27.9 μg/ml) than molds (0.74 to 59.7 μg/ml). MICs against
Exophiala
were 0.37 to 5.9 μg/ml and as low as 1.48 μg/ml for
Scedosporium
but ≥25 μg/ml for zygomycetes,
Aspergillus
, and
Fusarium
spp. Compounds 1, 4, 5, and 8 exhibited good fungicidal activity against
Candida
and
Cryptococcus
, except for
Candida parapsilosis
(MICs of >44 μg/ml). Geometric mean (GM) MICs were similar to those of amphotericin B and lower than or comparable to fluconazole GM MICs but 10- to 100-fold greater than those for the other azoles. GM MICs against
Candida glabrata
were <1 μg/ml, significantly lower than fluconazole GM MICs (
P
< 0.001) and similar to those of itraconazole, posaconazole, and voriconazole (GM MIC range of 0.4 to 1.23 μg/ml). The GM MIC of compound 4 against
Candida guilliermondii
was lower than that of fluconazole (1.69 μg/ml versus 7.48 μg/ml;
P
= 0.012). MICs against
Cryptococcus neoformans
and
Cryptococcus gattii
were similar to those of fluconazole. The GM MIC of compound 4 was significantly higher for
C. neoformans
(3.83 μg/ml versus 1.81 μg/ml for
C. gattii
;
P
= 0.015). This study has identified clinically relevant
in vitro
antifungal activities of novel bisalkypyridinium alkane compounds.
Phagolysosomal Integrity Is Generally Maintained afterStaphylococcus aureusInvasion of Nonprofessional Phagocytes but Is Modulated by Strain 6850
Authors: Lâm Thiên-Trí , Giese Bernd , Chikkaballi Deepak , Kühn Anika , Wolber Wanja , Pané-Farré Jan , Schäfer Daniel , Engelmann Susanne , Fraunholz Martin , Sinha Bhanu 
Published: June 2010

ABSTRACTStaphylococcus aureusis a major cause of a variety of both local and systemic infections. It can invade human host cells, a process that may account for disseminated and recurrent infections.S. aureuspostinvasion events in nonprofessional phagocytes are only partially understood. While morphological data suggest a phagosomal escape, there is a lack of corroborating functional data. Using a combination of pH determination and morphological techniques, we have tested the integrity ofStaphylococcus-containing phagosomes in 293 (HEK-293), HeLa, and EA.hy926 cells over time. Rapid acidification ofS. aureus-containing phagosomes occurred and was sustained for up to 24 h. AllS. aureusstrains tested displayed equally sustained intraphagosomal pH levels without exhibiting any correlation with pH level and hemolytic activity. The membrane morphology of the phagosomal compartment was heterogeneous, even under conditions where acidic pH was fully maintained, an observation incompatible with phagolysosomal membrane destruction. As an exception,S. aureusstrain 6850 showed a reduced phagosomal acidification signal 6 h after invasion. Additionally, only strain 6850 failed to localize to LAMP-1-positive vesicles in HeLa cells, although this was observed only rarely. Several other strongly beta-hemolytic strains did not modulate phagolysosomal pH, suggesting thatS. aureusα-toxin and β-toxin are not sufficient for this process. Taken together, our data suggest thatS. aureus-containing phagolysosomes generally remain functionally intact in nonprofessional phagocytes, thereby contrasting with transmission electron micrographic results.
Atypia in fine needle aspirates of breast lesions
Authors: Tran Phuong Viet The , Lui Philip C W , Yu Alex M C , Vinh Pham The , Chau Helen H L , Ma Tony K F , Tan Puay-Hoon , Tse Gary M 
Published: June 2010

BackgroundThe atypical category is controversial in fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) of the breast; most are benign, but a significant number are malignant. To date, no morphological criterion has been found to be consistent in predicting malignancy.AimsTo evaluate specific cytological parameters and assess their usefulness in predicting histological outcome in a cohort of atypical breast FNAC, in order to establish a set of objective criteria in defining ‘high risk’ atypical breast FNAC.MethodsA retrospective review of 98 cases of atypical breast FNAC with histological correlation was undertaken. The cytological preparations were evaluated for cellularity, percentage of epithelial cell cluster and single epithelial cells, nuclear atypia, nucleus:cytoplasm ratio, percentage of bipolar nuclei, and the presence of stromal fragments, histiocytes and necrosis.Results66 of 98 cases (67.35%) showed benign histology and 32 cases (32.65%) showed malignant histology. Compared with the malignant group, the benign group had significantly lower patient age (p=0.05), higher bipolar nuclei (p<0.0001), less degree of nuclear pleomorphism (p<0.0001), lower nucleus:cytoplasm ratio (p<0.0001), lower cellularity (p=0.05) and less necrosis (p<0.001). There was no difference in the percentage of epithelial clusters and single cells, or the presence of stromal fragments and histiocytes.ConclusionsThe presence of nuclear pleomorphism, high nucleus:cytoplasm ratio, epithelial cell atypia, low number of bipolar nuclei and necrosis are useful parameters to predict malignancy in atypical FNAC of the breast. Assessment of these factors in atypical FNAC may be helpful in predicting cancer risk and subsequent management decision making.
Small cell carcinomas in gastrointestinal tract: immunohistochemical and clinicopathological features
Authors: Li Anna Fen-Yau , Li Alice Chia-Heng , Hsu Chih-Yi , Li Win-Yin , Hsu Han-Shui , Chen Jeou-Yuan 
Published: June 2010

AimsTo test the incidence of the expression of the immunohistochemical markers that aid diagnosis of gastrointestinal tract small cell carcinoma (GI-SmCC) and to evaluate the incidence of mixed endocrine–exocrine carcinomas in GI-SmCC.MethodsImmunohistochemical studies of three antibodies against epithelial markers (CK8, AE1/AE3, EMA), four neuroendocrine differentiation markers (synaptophysin (Syn), neuron specific enolase (NSE), neuronal cell adhesion molecules (CD56), chromogranin A (CgA)), and a transcription factor (thyroid transcription factor 1 (TTF-1)) were performed. The incidence of non-endocrine carcinoma component was evaluated in 42 GI-SmCCs (11 in the oesophagus, 15 in the stomach, 15 in the colon, and 1 in the small intestine).ResultsThe percentages of GI-SmCC with positive immunoreactivity were: CK8 92.9%, AE1/AE3 76.2%, EMA 71.4%, Syn 100%, NSE 100%, CD56 90.5%, CgA 61.9%, TTF-1 21.4%. The low molecular weight cytokeratin CK8 is more commonly expressed in GI-SmCC than is the expression of AE1/AE3 or EMA. Synaptophysin and NSE are expressed in all GI-SmCCs studied. Non-endocrine carcinoma components were demonstrated in 8 patients (4 in the oesophagus and 4 in the stomach).ConclusionIn detecting GI-SmCC, epithelial marker CK8 is more sensitive than AE1/AE3 or EMA, and neuroendocrine differentiation markers synaptophysin and NSE are the most useful markers. TTF-1 positivity is not uncommon in GI-SmCC, but cases with negative TTF-1 staining may indicate an extra-pulmonary primary. Non-endocrine carcinoma components were demonstrated in about 30% of oesophagus and stomach SmCC; the neoplasms should be diagnosed as mixed endocrine–exocrine carcinoma.
Relation between newspaper coverage of ‘light’ cigarette litigation and beliefs about ‘lights’ among American adolescents and young adults: the impact on risk perceptions and quitting intentions
Authors: Dunlop Sally M , Romer Daniel 
Published: June 2010

AimTo investigate the impact of newspaper use in a year of increased coverage of litigation against the tobacco industry on youths' beliefs about the health risks of ‘light’ cigarettes, and examine relations between inaccurate beliefs about ‘lights’, perceptions of risk and intentions to quit smoking.ParticipantsThe data come from the 2004 National Annenberg Survey of Youth, a representative random digit dial telephone survey of youths aged 14–22 years in the USA (n=1501; current smokers, n=305; ‘lights’ smokers, n=112).DesignAll youths were asked about newspaper use and beliefs regarding ‘light’ cigarettes (riskiness, addictiveness, ease of quitting). Smokers reported on risk perceptions and quitting intentions. We also examined changes in newspaper coverage related to ‘lights’ from January 2001 to April 2004.ResultsNewspaper coverage related to ‘lights’ increased in the first months of 2003, and continued into 2004. Logistic regression analyses suggest that ‘lights’ smokers with lower levels of newspaper use were most likely to hold inaccurate beliefs about ‘lights’ (OR=5.93, 95% CI 1.48 to 23.77). Smokers of ‘lights’ with inaccurate beliefs were less likely to perceive their smoking as risky (OR=0.29, 95% CI 0.11 to 0.87), and smokers with inaccurate beliefs were less likely to have strong quitting intentions (OR=0.52, 95% CI 0.28 to 0.96).ConclusionsInaccurate beliefs about the risks of ‘lights’ were negatively related to youth smokers' perceptions of risk and intentions to quit smoking. News coverage surrounding the tobacco industry's failure to disclose these risks might help reduce these inaccurate, and potentially dangerous, beliefs.
Public support in England for raising the price of cigarettes to fund tobacco control activities: Figure 1
Authors: Gardner Benjamin , West Robert 
Published: June 2010

ObjectiveIncreasing the price of cigarettes reduces consumption, with a global price elasticity of approximately −0.4. In the UK where the cost of cigarettes is already relatively high, there is an issue surrounding public acceptance of further price rises ahead of the inflation rate. Previous research suggests that price increases may be supported where funds are dedicated to tobacco control. This study assessed public support in England for such a policy.MethodsA cross-sectional household survey was conducted in England between August 2008 and January 2009. A representative sample of 8736 respondents aged 16+, of whom 1900 (22%) were cigarette smokers at the time of the survey, was recruited. The primary outcome measure was support for a 20p (4%) price increase on a pack of cigarettes with proceeds going to fund tobacco control activities.Results6216 participants (71%), including half (47%) of current cigarette smokers, indicated that they would support a 20p price increase if funds were dedicated to tobacco control activities. Levels of support among smokers were similar across the social gradient and gender. Younger smokers were more likely to support the increase. Smokers who smoked 0–10 cigarettes per day were more supportive of the increase than heavier smokers.ConclusionsThere is broad public support for raising the cost of cigarettes with funds being used for tobacco control activities. The absence of a social gradient among smokers concurs with other research showing that more disadvantaged smokers are as engaged with tobacco control objectives as more affluent smokers.