bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Revisionula incompleta Ornithogalorum Austro‐Africanorum (Hyacinthaceae)
Authors: Müller‐Doblies Ute , Müller‐Doblies Dietrich 
Published: August 2010

AbstractFor the well advanced Flora of Namaqualand edited by A. LE ROUX a state of the art list of accepted Ornithogalum names, recently the second genus in size among southern African Hyacinthaceae (after Lachenalia) and now the largest one, is needed. The present sketchy revision is the preliminary harvest of 20 years of occasional encounters with this genus in the field and subsequent observations on cultivated plants, which could solve quite a number of questions and the preliminary lumping of taxa in the last revision (OBERMEYER 1978).The present treatment is intended to be an addition to OBERMEYER'S revision. Its backbone is the enlarged species list. Synonyms are only repeated if there are corrections or additions concerning further type specimens. The keys are still based on OBERMEYER'S.In the recent Ornithogalum list for southern Africa by REID 1993 only four species are added to OBERMEYER'S revision. One of these additions is reduced to synonymy in the present paper, whereas all the 54 species recognized by OBERMEYER 1978 are tentatively maintained. Additionally 26 species are resuscitated from synonymy and 40 new species are described, mainly from the winter‐rainfall region (western Cape and southern Namibia). Thus with a total of 123 southern African species Ornithogalum is again the largest genus of Hyacinthaceae in southern Africa. More details about differences with OBERMEYER'S treatment concerning name changes, resuscitations, and the infrageneric taxonomy proposed are presented in a detailed summary at the end of the paper.In order to place correctly a synonym excluded from Ornithogalum, the genus Physodia SALISB. 1866 is resuscitated, and four new specific combinations are proposed.
Psammophora and other sand‐coated plants from southern Africa
Authors: Neinhuis Christoph , Müller‐Doblies Ute , Müller‐Doblies Dietrich 
Published: August 2010

AbstractWhereas Psammophora is well known as a sand‐bearing plant since its description (DINTER & SCHWANTES 1926), although not yet enough studied, such behaviour has hitherto not been reported of Monocotyledons. In this class, however, psammophory is no rare event, as is shown by a list of about 30 species out of the following families and genera of the superorder Liliiflorae: Asphodelaceae (Trachyandra divaricata), Anthericaceae (Chlorophytum viscosum), Hyacinthaceae (14 Albuca spp., two Dipcadi spp., five Ornithogalum spp.), Amaryllidaceae (Bokkeveldia watermeyeri with two subsp., Brunsvigia cf. bosmaniae, two Strumaria spp., both Namaquanula spp.), and Iridaceae (one sp.). In this paper the topography of the secretion on the epiderm is investigated by SEM. A smooth epiderm may be covered evenly with secretion, mostly, however, we find a localization of the secretion: it is confined to ribs and/or papillae or glandular hairs. Chemically the secretion, which is as clear as water and brittle when dry, consists probably of polysaccharids, which are very slowly soluble in water. In a young stage of the leaves the secretion is sticky and viscous, as to allow the sinking of small particles. As to the function mimesis, protection against being eaten away and against high insolation, or against abrasion by sandy winds are discussed.
Heracleum mantegazzianumSOMMIER& LEVIER(Apiaceae) in Deutschland Untersuchungen zur Biologie, Verbreitung, Morphologie und Taxonomie
Authors: Ochsmann J. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractSummaryThe first escapes of Giant hogweed were recorded already in the middle of the 19th century, whereas the still active exponential spread began about the sixties of this century. As in other neophytes this progress is promoted by strong modification of habitats by man. According to germination experiments and investigations of the soil seedbank the high reproduction rate of Giant hogweed plays an important role, too. The actual distribution in Germany is shown on a map.
Notulae ad Floram Germanicam I
Authors: Wisskirchen R. , Christensen K. I. , Dickoré W. B. , Gottschlich G. , Hanelt P. , van Raamsdonk L. W. D. , Schmidt P. A. , Starmühler W. , Wisskirchen R. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractIn the course of taxonomical and nomenclatural studies for a new check‐list of Germany (higher plants) fourteen names are lectotypified: Aconitum formosum RCHB., Allium angulosum L., Allium ursinum L., Crataegus kyrtostyla FINGERH., Scilla italica L., Lactuca perennis L., Prenanthes viminea L., Sonchus tataricus L., Lactuca quercina L., Scilla bifolia L., Scilla amoena L., Thymus serpyllum f. alpestris ČELAK., Thymus subcitratus SCHREB. and Tulipa sylvestris L.Also five neotypifications are presented: Aconitum × hebegynum DC., Aconitum vulparia RCHB. ex SPRENG., Aconitum plicatum KOEHLER ex RCHB., Polygonum tomentosum SCHRANK and Thymus serpyllum. subsp. brachyphyllus LYKA.Six new combinations are made: Crataegus × subsphaericea GAND. nothovar. domicensis (HRABET.‐UHR.) CHRISTENSEN, Hieracium nassovicum (ZAHN) GOTTSCHLICH, Myosotis scorpioides L. subsp. praecox (HÜLPHERS) DICKORÉ, Thymus × braunii BORBAS nothosubsp. celticus (H.BRAUN) P. SCHMIDT, Thymus × braunii BORBÁS nothosubsp. monteilii (SENNEN ex MACHULE) P. SCHMIDT and Thymus × porcii BORBÁS nothosubsp. pilisiensis (BORBÁS) P. SCHMIDT.
Microhairs of Plantago maritima L. under electron scanning microscopy
Authors: Andrzejewska‐Golec E. , Šwietoslawski J. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractThe surface of leaves of Plantago maritima L. was investigated under scanning electron microscopy for the presence of microhairs. Two types of such hairs were observed: the headed microhairs – so‐called morel‐like–and headless– 1–3‐celled microhairs.
Spatial distribution characteristics of glacial relief flora of the high mountains of the Caucasu
Authors: Shetekauri Sh. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractThe role of the glacial relief of the Caucasus in the spatial distribution of high‐mountain flora was the subject of investigation. It was established that different types of relief forms (moraine, glacial trough, cirque) represent the environments for refuges of endemic and floristic elements. Glacialinterglacial effects exert essential influence on the development of peculiarities of vertical flora distribution‐location and also on the arrangement of different rich floristic centres.
Die Wurzelsysteme der endemischen Echium‐Arten auf Tenerife (Kanarische Inseln) und ihre Beziehungen zum Wuchsort
Authors: Werner M. , Lüpnitz D. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractDie Wurzelsysteme der tenerfenischen Echium‐Arten entwickeln sich recht uneinheitlich, immer aber gemäß den örtlichen Gegebenheiten wie Bodenstruktur, Tiefgründigkeit, Wasserführung und entsprechend dem artspezifischen Bauplan. Die meisten Arten sind weder ausgeprägt flach‐ noch tiefwurzelnd. Sie besitzen aber in der Mehrzahl eine Hauptwurzel, die nur dort pfahlartig in die Tiefe wächst, wo der Untergrund es zuläßt. Die Existenz feuchterer „Taschen”︁, nach denen sich das Wurzelwachstum ausrichtet, sind die wichtigste Wasserquelle für die Mehrzahl der Echium‐Arten. Sie bewirken eine beträchtliche Variabilität ihrer Wurzelsysteme. Eine günstige Wasserversorgung bieten auch Felsspalten und ‐klüfte. E. simplex und E. giganteum haben sich auf die Erschließung solcher Standorte spezialisiert. E. auberianum ist der einzige Gattungsvertreter mit einem ausgeprägt flach streichenden Wurzelsystem, was in engem Zusammenhang mit dem Bodenwasserhaushalt des von ihm besiedelten losen Bimssteins steht.
Reproductive ecology of Mimosa pigra L. in Egypt
Authors: Sheded M. G. , Hassan L. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractMimosa pigra L. is a rare shrub restricted to the Nile banks and granite islands of Aswan. It is considered one of the endangered species in Egypt (EL‐HADIDI et al. 1992). Maximum germination percentage (100%) was obtained after pretreating the seeds with mechanical scarification. Optimum temperature for seed germination was 35 °C. The germination and growth of radicle and plumule of Mimosa pigra L. responded to matric potential. The germination and seedling growth declined rapidly with the reduction of matric potential. Seed bank, seed rain, seed dispersal and seedling establishment were examined and discussed. The study recommends maintaining of Mimosa pigra population in situ for conservation and conducting experimental research in situ and ex situ on its propagation.
On the occurrence of an additional diploid taxon — Withania obtusifolia TÄCKH. (Solanaceae) — from the natural population of South India
Authors: Sundari G. Thirupur , Sudhakaran S. , Ganapathi A. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractThe genus Withania (Solanaceae) — which is widely known as “Aswagantha” in Ayurvedha — is useful in the diagnosis of tuberculosis to arthritis. It is known as “Indian ginseng”. It has a world‐wide distribution with ten species. Earlier taxonomists recorded a single species (tetraploid) Withania somnifera DUNAL from the natural populations of South India. Extensive field survey and critical perusal of literature revealed the presence of an additional diploid taxon of Withania (Withania obtusifolia TÄCKH.) from the natural populations. The present paper is aimed to describe the morphological and cytogenetic variations exhibited by the two taxa of Withania with the aid of biosystematic studies.
On the status of Diphasiastrum oellgaardii (Lycopodiaceae, Pteridophyta)
Authors: Vogel J. C. , Rumsey F. J. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractIn a recent publication HORN (1997: 9) enthusiastically states that with the study by STOOR et al. (1996), which he co‐authored, “the biosystematics of Diphasiastrum in Europe has finally been resolved”. These authors present a scheme showing six taxa, three basal taxa (Ausgangsarten) and three taxa of hybrid origin in a triangular form to illustrate the relationships of European Diphasiastrum and they include a new taxon of hybrid origin, D. oellgaardii. The evidence for the origin and identity of D. oellgaardii is based solely on molecular data derived from allozyme electrophoresis. The interpretation of the allozyme data presented by the authors is open to dispute. The analysis of their data appears to be incorrect as STOOR et al. (1996) misapply the concept of additive banding patterns and fixed heterozygosity to homoploid hybrid taxa. Furthermore, the photograph in STOOR et al. (1996) of D. oellgaardii at its type locality resembles a growth form of D. alpinum frequent in the British Isles. In the light of these concerns we recommend caution and suggest that this name should not be adopted for individuals apparently intermediate between D. alpinum and D. tristachyum until further research is presented.
Eine neue asiatische Chenopodium‐Art aus der Sektion Pseudoblitum HOOK.f. (Chenopodiaceae)
Authors: Suchorukow A. P. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractEine neue, vorwiegend zentralasiatische Chenopodium‐Art, Chenopodium gubanovii SUKHOR. sp. nova aus der Sektion Pseudoblitum HOOK.f. wird beschrieben. Ihre ökologischen Bedingungen und ihre geographische Verbreitung werden angegeben. Ferner wird ein diagnostischer Schlüssel zur Abgrenzung der beiden verwandten Arten Ch. gubanovii und Ch. rubrum L. gegeben.
A new species of Anthurium (Araceae) from south‐eastern Brazil
Authors: Sakuragui C. M. , Mayo S. J. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractThe new species described, Anthurium minarum SAKURAGUI & MAYO sp. nova, has long been known from montane habitats in the Brazilian states of Minas Gerais, Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo under the name Anthurium willdenowii. It is a characteristic species of the Brazilian campo rupestre vegetation in Minas Gerais.
The hairs in species of Plantago L. section Palaeopsyllium PlLG. (Plantaginaceae)
Authors: Andrzejewska‐Golec E. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractThe hairs of three representatives of the section Palaeopsyllium Pilg.: Plantago palmata Hook.f., P. cornuti Gouan and P. eriopoda Torr. were studied. The above mentioned taxa contained headed hairs (a unicellular stalk and a vertically divided into two cells) and multicellular headless hairs (web‐like) typical of the representatives of the family Plantaginaceae. Taxa of the section Palaeopsyllium have similar types of hairs as the sections: Polyneuron Decne., Micropsyllium Decne., Holopsyllium Pilg., Lamprosantha Decne., Oliganthos Barn., Mesembrynia Decne. and Eremopsyllium Pilg., which may be evidence of affinity of these taxa.
Atriplex altaicaSukhor. – Eine neue Art aus der Flora des Altai‐Gebirges
Authors: Suchorukow A. P. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractAus dem Altai‐Gebirge wird eine neue Art der GattungAtriplex(Chenopodiaceae) beschrieben –A. altaicaSukhor. (A. roseaL. var.subintegraauct. fl. Sib. nom. nudum non C.A.Mey.,A. procumbensauct. non Less. 1834, non Jundzilla 1811) aus der SektionSclerocalymmaAschers. Es wurde festgestellt, dass zahlreiche Exemplare neben weißen auch dunkle Blasenhaare besitzen. Die dunkle Behaarung erweist sich als fakultativ und ist für einige Hochgebirgsarten aus den SektionenSclerocalymmaundObione(Gaertn.) C.A.Mey. charakteristisch. Die hier beschriebene Art steht dem EndemitenA. pamiricaIljin aus dem Pamir nahe, unterscheidet sich jedoch von letzterem Taxon durch Details im Bau des Vorblattes, zerstreute oder überhaupt fehlende Behaarung der Vorblätter mit dunklen Blasenhaaren.
Embryology of Phryma leptostachya L. (Verbenaceae) with considerations of its systematic status and affinities
Authors: Ramana R. Venkata , Rao P. S. Prakasa , Dutt B. S. M. , Narayana L. L. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractSome embryological aspects – structure and development of the microsporangium, microporogenesis and male gametophytes; embryogeny and some features of seed‐coat of Phryma leptostacha L. have been studied. The microsporangial wall develops confirming to the Dicot type of Davis (1966). The anther tapetum is secretory and displays dual origin. Endothecial cells exhibit fibrous thickenings. The tricolpate pollen grains are shed at 3‐celled stage. The embryogeny follows the Hyoscamus variation of the Solanad type (Johansen 1950) or the Period‐I, Series C, Megarchetype IV of Soueges (1948). The mature embryo is dicotyledonous. Only a papery layer of endosperm encompasses the embryo. In the light of the present study with the other relevant informations from diverse sources the taxonomic status of the taxon Phryma leptostachya L. is examined. It is suggested, that this genus is undoubtedly related to some verbenaceous taxa and so merits to be retained in a separate tribe (Phrymeae) of its own nearer but not within the sub‐family Verbenioideae, a view expressed by Thorne (1976, 1983, 1992) and Takhtajan (1980, 1987).
Ein besonderes Abdruckfossil von Lyginopteris aus dem Oberkarbon Westfalens, Deutschland
Authors: Krings M. , Schultka St. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractAus dem Oberkarbon Westfalens (Deutschland) wird ein besonderes Abdruckfossil von Lyginopteris beschrieben. Das Stück zeigt ein dicht mit multizellulären Trichomen (Emergenzen?) besetztes Stammstück mit typischer Dictyoxylon Struktur, dem ‐ alternierend oder spiral angeordnet ‐ mehrere Wedel ansaβen, von denen die Basen noch erhalten sind. Darüber hinaus sitzen direkt unterhalb sowie unmittelbar über einem der Wedelabgänge Adventivwurzeln an. Die Orientierung dieser Wurzeln und die Präsenz von Seitenwurzeln 1. und 2. Ordnung deuten darauf hin, dass es sich bei diesem Fossil entweder um einen kriechenden oder um einen umgefallenen Stamm handelt, der an einer Kontaktstelle mit dem Boden Wurzeln ausgebildet hat.
Intact mass detection, interpretation, and visualization to automate Top‐Down proteomics on a large scale
Authors: Durbin Kenneth R. , Tran John C. , Zamdborg Leonid , Sweet Steve M. M. , Catherman Adam D. , Lee Ji Eun , Li Mingxi , Kellie John F. , Kelleher Neil L. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractApplying high‐throughput Top‐Down MS to an entire proteome requires a yet‐to‐be‐established model for data processing. Since Top‐Down is becoming possible on a large scale, we report our latest software pipeline dedicated to capturing the full value of intact protein data in automated fashion. For intact mass detection, we combine algorithms for processing MS1 data from both isotopically resolved (FT) and charge‐state resolved (ion trap) LC‐MS data, which are then linked to their fragment ions for database searching using ProSight. Automated determination of human keratin and tubulin isoforms is one result. Optimized for the intricacies of whole proteins, new software modules visualize proteome‐scale data based on the LC retention time and intensity of intact masses and enable selective detection of PTMs to automatically screen for acetylation, phosphorylation, and methylation. Software functionality was demonstrated using comparative LC‐MS data from yeast strains in addition to human cells undergoing chemical stress. We further these advances as a key aspect of realizing Top‐Down MS on a proteomic scale.
Top‐down protein characterization facilitated by ion/ion reactions on a quadrupole/time of flight platform
Authors: Huang Teng‐yi , McLuckey Scott A. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractIn comparison to bottom‐up proteomics approaches, whereby peptides derived from proteolytic digestion are analyzed, top‐down approaches, involving direct analysis of intact proteins, provide higher specificity for protein identification and are better‐suited for the characterization of sequence variants. However, top‐down protein characterization usually requires more sophisticated instrumentation and methodologies to deal with the more complex tandem mass spectra derived from dissociation of high mass multiply charged intact proteins. Gas‐phase ion/ion reactions are universally applicable and have proved to be useful in mixture analysis and top‐down biomolecule characterization. The coupling of the ion/ion proton transfer reaction in the context of MS/MS has been demonstrated to expand informing power in top‐down protein characterization, particularly with platforms that employ electrodynamic ion trap and TOF mass analysis. In addition, probing protein primary structure using ion/ion electron transfer dissociation usually provides extensive structurally informative fragmentation and also allows for the localization of labile PTMs. Here, the performance of the widely used quadrupole/TOF platform, equipped with ion/ion reaction functionality, for top‐down protein characterization is summarized, and various methodologies employing ion/ion reactions are reviewed.
Three‐dimensional models of arteries constructed using multidetector‐row CT images to perform pancreatoduodenectomy safely following dissection of the inferior pancreaticoduodenal artery
Authors: Horiguchi Akihiko , Ishihara S. , Ito M. , Asano Y. , Yamamoto T. , Miyakawa S. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractBackground/purposeDuring a pancreatoduodenectomy (PD) it is important that the anatomy of the arcade of blood vessels in the head of the pancreas is fully understood before the surgery in order to reduce intraoperative bleeding. In most of the patients our group has treated, the inferior pancreaticoduodenal artery (IPDA), one of the efferent arteries of the head of the pancreas, has formed a short common trunk with the first jejunal artery (FJA). Thus, by first locating the origin of the FJA, it was easier to locate the IPDA. There are two ways to locate the IPDA: (1) by measuring the distance between the origin of the superior mesenteric artery (SMA) and that of the FJA; (2) by measuring the distance between the origin of the middle colic artery (MCA) and that of the FJA. Here, we report our measurements of both distances using three‐dimensional (3D) models of arteries constructed with multidetector‐row computed tomography (MD‐CT) images and discuss which is the better measurement to determine the location of the IPDA during PD.MethodsA total of 140 patients underwent 64‐MD‐CT imaging to acquire early and late arterial phase scans. The distance between the origin of the SMA and that of the FJA and the distance between the origin of the MCA and that of the FJA origin were measured.ResultsIn patients whose IPDA formed either a common trunk with the FJA or arose directly from the SMA, the IPDA or the common truck was located in parallel with the SMA at a very short distance of approximately 18 mm from the MCA origin towards the center. The distance between the SMA origin and the IPDA was significantly longer (approximately 36 mm). Therefore, locating the MCA origin during PD helped determine the location of the IPDA. However, in patients whose anterior inferior pancreaticoduodenal artery (AIPDA) and posterior inferior pancreaticoduodenal artery (PIPDA) arose separately, the distance between the AIPDA origin and the MCA origin was approximately 18 mm, the distance between the AIPDA origin and the PIPDA origin was approximately 19 mm, and the distance between the PIPDA origin and the SMA origin was 19 mm. Thus, locating the SMA helped determine the location of the IPDA during PD in these patients.ConclusionBased on our findings that the distance between the IPDA origin and the MCA origin was short, we have shown that it is effective to locate the MCA origin in order to determine the location of the IPDA.
Regulation of Hepatocyte Lipid Metabolism and Inflammatory Response by 25‐Hydroxycholesterol and 25‐Hydroxycholesterol‐3‐sulfate
Authors: Xu Leyuan , Bai Qianming , Rodriguez‐Agudo Daniel , Hylemon Phillip B. , Heuman Douglas M. , Pandak William M. , Ren Shunlin 
Published: August 2010

AbstractDysregulation of lipid metabolism is frequently associated with inflammatory conditions. The mechanism of this association is still not clearly defined. Recently, we identified a nuclear oxysterol, 25‐hydroxycholesterol‐3‐sulfate (25HC3S), as an important regulatory molecule involved in lipid metabolism in hepatocytes. The present study shows that 25HC3S and its precursor, 25‐hydroxycholesterol (25HC), diametrically regulate lipid metabolism and inflammatory response via LXR/SREBP‐1 and IκBα/NFκB signaling in hepatocytes. Addition of 25HC3S to primary rat hepatocytes decreased nuclear LXR and SREBP‐1 protein levels, down‐regulated their target genes, acetyl CoA carboxylase 1 (ACC1), fatty acid synthase (FAS), and SREBP‐2 target gene HMG reductase, key enzymes involved in fatty acid and cholesterol biosynthesis. 25HC3S reduced TNFα‐induced inflammatory response by increasing cytoplasmic IκBα levels, decreasing NFκB nuclear translocation, and consequently repressing expression of NFκB‐dependent genes, IL‐1β, TNFα, and TRAF1. NFκB‐dependent promoter reporter gene assay showed that 25HC3S suppressed luciferase activity in the hepatocytes. In contrast, 25HC elicited opposite effects by increasing nuclear LXR and SREBP‐1 protein levels, and by increasing ACC1 and FAS mRNA levels. 25HC also decreased cytoplasmic IκBα levels and further increased TNFα‐induced NFκB activation. The current findings suggest that 25HC and 25HC3S serve as potent regulators in cross‐talk of lipid metabolism and inflammatory response in the hepatocytes.
Social enterprise in Europe: At the crossroads of market, public policies and third sector
Authors: Defourny Jacques , Nyssens Marthe 
Published: August 2010

AbstractOver the last 15 years, the concept of social enterprise has been raising an increasing interest in various regions of the world. In the present paper, we describe, first, the European historical landscapes in which the concept of social enterprise took root. In the second part, we analyze the various public policies introduced in several European countries. In the third part, we analyse the logics of financing of social enterprises. Based on the EMES conception of social enterprise, we underline the “hybridization” of their resources. European social enterprises indeed, most often, combine income from sales with public subsidies linked to their social mission and private donations and/or volunteering. This clearly contrasts with a strong US tendency to define social enterprises as non-profit organizations more oriented towards the market and developing “earned income strategies” as a response to decreasing public subsidies and to the limits of private grants from foundations.