bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Deformation of Stereolithographically Produced Surgical Guides: An Observational Case Series Report
Authors: Stumpel Lambert J. 
Published: February 2010

ABSTRACTBackground: Template‐based computer‐guided implant placement holds the promise of more precise and less traumatic placement of dental implants. Errors in the fabrication process of the surgical guide may lead to unfavorable clinical outcomes.Purpose: This report discusses the potential of unintentional volumetric deformation of stereolithographically (SLA) produced surgical guides (NobelGuide, Nobel Biocare AB, Göteborg, Sweden) compared with the original scan denture.Materials and Methods: Three‐dimensional radiographic data acquired by medical computerized tomography (CT) or cone beam CT (Newtom 3G, AFP Imaging Corporation, Elmsford, NY, USA) can be utilized in specialized software to develop treatment planning for dental implant placement.This information can then be transferred to the patient via a surgical guide. Stereolithography is a rapid prototyping process that can be used to create such a guide stent. Three cases are shown describing different levels of deformation of SLA‐produced surgical guides.Results: Unintentional deformation of SLA‐produced surgical guides is possible. Deformation of surgical guides can create dissimilarity between the virtually planned position and the actual position of the implants.Conclusion: Incorrect setting of the ISO values for the segmentation of the scan denture has been found to be a factor in the deformation of SLA‐produced surgical guides, although more, at this time known but also less understood, issues appear to be involved. Only one manufacturer's product is discussed; further research is warranted to determine if the discrepancies are process or product based. It might be prudent to closely evaluate the volumetric congruence of SLA‐produced surgical stents before their clinical use to prevent undesired clinical outcomes.
Longitudinal Changes in Tooth/Single‐Implant Relationship and Bone Topography: An 8‐Year Retrospective Analysis
Authors: Chang Moontaek , Wennström Jan L. 
Published: February 2010

ABSTRACTPurpose: To evaluate longitudinal changes in tooth/implant relationship and bone topography at single implants with a microthreaded, conical marginal portion (Astra Tech ST® implants, Astra Tech AB, Mölndal, Sweden).Material and Methods: Thirty‐one subjects with single implant–supported restorations in the esthetic zone were included. Radiographs obtained at crown installation and 1, 5, and 8 years of follow‐up were analyzed with regard to changes in (1) bone level at the implant and adjacent teeth and (2) vertical position of adjacent teeth relative to the single implant.Results: The mean marginal bone loss amounted to 0.1 mm at both implants and adjacent teeth during the 8 years of follow‐up. Regression analysis failed to identify significant explanatory factors for observed variance in bone level change at the adjacent tooth surfaces. Vertical change in position of the teeth relative to the implants was more frequent and significantly greater in incisor compared with premolar tooth region but not associated with gender or age.Conclusions: The marginal bone level at teeth adjacent to single implants with a microthreaded conical marginal part was not influenced by horizontal and vertical tooth‐implant distances. Continuous eruption of adjacent teeth may result in infraocclusal positioning of a single‐implant restoration.
Catalytically active membrane‐distal phosphatase domain of receptor protein‐tyrosine phosphatase α is required for Src activation
Authors: Vacaru Andrei M. , den Hertog Jeroen 
Published: February 2010

Receptor protein‐tyrosine phosphatase α (RPTPα) is a transmembrane protein with tandem cytoplasmic phosphatase domains. Most of the catalytic activity is contained by the membrane‐proximal catalytic domain (D1). We found a spontaneous Arg554 to His mutation in the pTyr recognition loop of the membrane‐distal phosphatase domain (D2) of a human patient. This mutation was not linked to the disease. Here, we report that the R554H mutation abolished RPTPα‐D2 catalytic activity. The R554H mutation impaired Src binding to RPTPα. RPTPα, with a catalytic site cysteine to serine mutation in D2, also displayed diminished binding to Src. Concomitant with decreased Src binding of the R554H and C723S mutants compared with wild‐type RPTPα, enhanced phosphorylation of the inhibitory Src Tyr527 site was observed, as well as reduced Src activation. To confirm that catalytic activity of RPTPα‐D2 was required for these effects, we analyzed a third mutant, RPTPα‐R729K, which had an inactive D2. Again, Src binding was reduced and Tyr527 phosphorylation was enhanced. Our results suggest that a catalytically active D2 is required for RPTPα to bind and dephosphorylate its well‐characterized substrate, Src.Structured digital abstract
MINT‐7551862, MINT‐7552454, MINT‐7552515: Src (uniprotkb:P12931) physically interacts (MI:0915) with RPTP alpha (uniprotkb:P18052) by anti bait coimmunoprecipitation (MI:0006)
EFFECT OF CHEMICAL, PHYSICAL AND ENZYMATIC TREATMENTS ON LACTOCOCCUS LACTIS' SURFACE AGGLUTININ AND ITS PRECIPITATING ABILITY
Authors: CHENG SHAN , LIU CHENG , LI SHIFENG , SHEN QUN , ZHENG WEI 
Published: February 2010

ABSTRACT The precipitating proterty of Lactococcus lactis agglutinin has a negative effect on yield of starch and expanded delaminating time during Chinese traditional mung bean starch processing; thus, it is of interest to find a way to destroy the precipitating property of the agglutinin. In the present study, L. lactis isolated from sour liquid was treated with chemical, physical, and enzymatic methods, respectively. It was found that 12.0–13.7 mol/L of ethanol or 12.3 mol/L of hydrogen peroxide or 0.1 mol/L of HCl, or 0.1 of mol/L NaOH or 0.3 mol/L trichloroacetic acid could destroy the ability of the agglutinin from L. lactis to precipitate starch and expand delaminating time significantly. Periodic acid sodium which destroys the structure of glycosyl also made L. lactis lose its agglutinin activity and precipitating ability. Similarly, pepsin and trypsin had the same function as periodic acid sodium did. The present study might provide a good way to increase the starch yield and delaminating time during the mung bean processing.PRACTICAL APPLICATIONSSour liquid processing has been used for hundreds of years to produce mung bean starch in China because this kind of starch had better quality than that from other processing methods. However, this processing consumed a lot of water while producing a large amount of waste water, resulting in environmental pollution.Many scientists considered that Lactococcus lactis in sour liquid is the main factor to precipitate starch. The agglutinin on the surface of L. lactis is directly involved in starch deposition. Therefore, our research focuses on improvement of starch yield by using L. lactis‐immobilized columns through which starch slurry passes. This technology will cut down waste water and meet the national requirements, so that we do not doubt the prospect of the technology.To develop this technology, we should learn what kinds of factors will affect the precipitating ability of agglutinin of L. lactis. This manuscript reports a study on how chemical, physical and enzymatic substance can affect the precipitating ability of agglutinin.
INFLUENCE OF FEED PARAMETERS ON SPRAY DRYING ENERGY CONSUMPTION
Authors: KAJIYAMA TATUMI , PARK KIL JIN 
Published: February 2010

ABSTRACT The objective of the present research was to simulate and evaluate the performance of spray dryers using MATLAB software. The assessments regarding energy consumption and thermal efficiency were performed. Simulations were conducted to identify the effect of the following parameters' influence on energy consumption: (1) the initial liquid feed moisture content, which ranged from 0.5 kg to 0.9 kg water/kg product, (2) the final moisture content, which ranged from 0.05 kg to 0.3 kg water/kg solid, and (3) the feed flow, ranging from 1 to 10 kg/s. It was found that energy consumption increased with increasing moisture content and feed flow rate and with decreasing final moisture content. The results indicated that the thermal efficiency of the process does not change when process parameters are varied. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONSDrying is a process in which food water activity is reduced by water removal to minimize deterioration caused by enzymatic and microbiological reactions and to prevent physical and chemical modification of products. Dried products are used mainly as convenience foods and have long storage life at normal temperatures. Spray drying is a commonly used method of drying a liquid feed through a hot gas in the production of powders. This technique is widely used in food and pharmaceutical manufacturing and presents low operating cost and short contact time. Nowadays, the development of new products has used encapsulating agent, with good emulsifying capacity and low viscosity in aqueous solution, in microencapsulation by spray drying. This wide application of spray drying in research of new product increases the need of engineers to understand energy calculation with mass and heat balance concerning spray‐drying process.
STUDIES ON ENERGY REQUIREMENTS IN MANUFACTURE OF KUNDA – A HEAT DESICCATED INDIAN MILK PRODUCT
Authors: MAHALINGAIAH L. , VENKATESHAIAH B.V. , KULKARNI S. , RAO K. JAYARAJ 
Published: February 2010

ABSTRACTKunda is an Indian traditional heat desiccated dairy product popular in Karnataka province of India. Manufacture of Kunda is a time consuming and energy intensive process involving continuous desiccation of milk along with sugar and the process involves consumption of large quantities of steam for evaporation of water. Since energy conservation in dairies is a priority area, a technology was developed to manufacture Kunda with less energy requirement utilizing caramelized sugar. Caramelized sugar was used during the process at various levels and it was observed that browning developed faster with increasing level of caramelized sugar. Use of 40% level of caramelized sugar reduced the total process time and also produced good quality Kunda. The total net energy consumption per kg Kunda was 8262.61 kJ and this energy consumption was brought down by 26.91% utilizing caramelized sugar at 40% level of sugar.PRACTICAL APPLICATIONSSeveral varieties of heat desiccated dairy products are being consumed by the people in India and other South Asian countries. Some of these products are highly region specific. The popularity of these products spans a vast geographical area. Kunda is one such product very popularly consumed in central regions of India. Its manufacture involves taking milk in a steam kettle, boiling for long periods of time along with sugar desiccating the contents to a brown colored semisolid mass, called Kunda. In a dairy plant, this involves consumption of large quantities of steam, which naturally adds to the cost of the product. In the present research work, the steam requirement for Kunda manufacture has been estimated and efforts were made to cut down the steam energy requirement by 26–27%, which translated to significant savings in energy. Thus, consumers not only will have to pay less for the product, but also could enjoy good quality product prepared by the developed technology. This technology has been successfully transferred to one of the dairy plants in the region.
PRODUCTION OF XANTHAN GUM FROM XANTHOMONAS CAMPESTRIS NRRL B‐1459 BY FERMENTATION OF DATE JUICE PALM BY‐PRODUCTS (PHOENIX DACTYLIFERA L.)
Authors: SALAH RIADH BEN , CHAARI KACEM , BESBES SOUHAIL , BLECKER CHRISTOPHE , ATTIA HAMMADI 
Published: February 2010

ABSTRACT In this work, we studied the possibility to use date juice for xanthan gum production by Xanthomonas campestris NRRL B‐1459. The results showed that this strain has a high ability to metabolize date juice. The data on optimization of physiological conditions of fermentation, pH, temperature, inoculum's size, glucose and nitrogen concentration showed that the maximum xanthan yield of 24.5 g/L was obtained from 60 g/L glucose, 3 g/L ammonium sulphate when batch fermentation was carried with 5% inoculum's size at pH 7, 28C, 48 h, on a rotary orbital shaker at 180 rpm. The polysaccharide purified by high performance liquid chromatography and analyzed by thin layer chromatography contained glucose, glucoronic acid and mannose.PRACTICAL APPLICATIONSAgri‐food by‐products rich in sugars may be used to produce high added value food ingredients such as xanthan gum. No work has studied the production of this polysaccharide from date. This study is focused on given value addition to date by‐product (hard texture) by production of xanthan gum. The effect of several parameters (pH, temperature, inoculum's size, agitation speed, nitrogen source and carbon concentration) on production yield was investigated.
Part 2: Odontogenic Sinus Disease And Elective Clinical Procedures Involving The Maxillary Antrum: Diagnosis And Management
Authors: Sandler Howard J. 
Published: February 2010

AbstractAlthough odontogenic sinusitis is a rare entity when compared to sinus disease of rhinogenic origin, it is extremely important to identify a dental aetiology when it occurs. The offending tooth or teeth would thus require endodontic treatment or extraction, and the sinus disease carefully assessed and appropriately managed. Aetiology and presentation of oro‐antral fistulae are also discussed and guidelines for the management of this complication are recommended. Certain lesions such as cysts and tumours may involve the jaws and hence the maxillary antrum; some of these, such as a radicular cyst are quite common, but the rarer ones are included for completeness. Surgical techniques are continuously evolving to optimise form and function of the jaws, and when applied to the maxilla there may be some impact on nasal and sinus function. The advent, and now proven success, of osseointegrated jaw implants have brought with them innovations and refinements of bone grafting techniques, and more recently distraction osteogenesis for augmentation. Maxillary osteotomies for surgical orthodontics, and to facilitate prosthodontic treatment are briefly mentioned, as most of these inevitably involve the antrum and/or nose.This paper discusses, in summary form, important aspects of clinical dental practice which may involve the maxillary antrum. It is thus a broad overview of certain pathologic conditions and elective surgical procedures which have relevance to both medical and dental practitioners.
Inappropriate Treatment Of Traumatic Dental Injuries
Authors: Dorney Brett 
Published: February 2010

AbstractTraumatic dental injuries are emergencies that must be treated expediently and efficiently to reduce pain and to restore function and appearance. With an increase in the incidence of traumatic dental injuries in our community (1) it is essential that the dental practitioner has “up‐to‐date” knowledge of dental trauma. The peak incidences of injury are 2–4 years and 8–10 years of age, with statistics revealing 30% of children suffer trauma to the primary dentition, and 22% of children suffer trauma to the permanent dentition by the age of 14(1). The male to female ratio is 2:1. Aside from the emergency treatment and clinical decisions that must be made at the time of injury there is a need for long‐term follow‐up because of the high incidences of complications (2, 3).The factors that will influence the extent of injury will be energy impact, the direction of the impacting object, its shape and its resilience (4). Recent articles have raised concerns about inappropriate treatment for traumatic dental injuries (5, 6). This report will look at one such case.
Clinical Judgement And Decision Making In Endodontics
Authors: Messer Harold H. 
Published: February 2010

AbstractClinical judgement in endodontics consists of much more than diagnosis and treatment planning for the affected tooth. The issues involved in clinical judgement and decision making can be summarised by three questions:

Is endodontic treatment appropriate for the patient? Endodontic treatment should be undertaken only as part of an agreed, comprehensive treatment plan that takes into account patient concerns as well as objective clinical findings.
How difficult is the endodontic treatment? The difficulty of the case should be balanced with the skill and experience of the dentist, in deciding whether to manage the case in general practice or to refer the patient to an endodontist. The use of a standard form for assessing the difficulty of each endodontic case will aid in consistent, systematic assessment of patients. An example of such a form is provided.
What is the prognosis for the tooth? The outcome of endodontic treatment depends not only on the endodontic treatment but on other factors such as restorability and periodontal status. The prognosis will be compromised by procedural problems and by restorative and periodontal factors.

In all but routine cases, the steps involved in decision making may be more complex and less easily resolved than the practical clinical aspects of endodontic therapy.
Mandibular Block Injections ‐ The Inner Game
Authors: Watson John E. 
Published: February 2010

AbstractThis paper is a sequel to a previous article published in the April 1998 issue of this journal (I). Whereas the earlier work concentrated largely on the anatomy and geometry of the Gow‐Gates block, the present paper is more directed towards the mental barriers encountered when a clinician is confronted by a whole new set of conceptual demands. Paradoxically, the concepts underlying the Gow‐Gates technique are almost diametrically opposite to what has traditionally been taught in dental schools in relation to the inferior alveolar nerve block. The author's central hypothesis is that the explanation for indifferent results experienced by dentists in their first attempts at the Gow‐Gates technique lies primarily in mindsets acquired from experience with the inferior alveolar block. It is suggested that the subconscious mind can be as powerful a determinant of human behaviour as the conscious mind, a position more in line with the findings of Freud and Jung than with the cognitivist vogue enthusiastically embraced by contemporary academic psychologists. It is further postulated that the subconscious is amenable to conscious guidance, a skill that can be enhanced by practice.
Neuropathic Orofacial Pain Part 2–Diagnostic Procedures, Treatment Guidelines And Case Reports
Authors: Vickers E. Russell , Cousins Michael J. 
Published: February 2010

AbstractNeuropathic orofacial pain can be difficult to diagnose because of the lack of clinical and radiographic abnormalities. Further difficulties arise if the patient exhibits significant distress and is a poor historian regarding previous diagnostic tests and treatments, such as somatosensory local anaesthetic blockade. Valuable information can be obtained by utilising the McGill Pain Questionnaire that allows the patient to choose words that describe the qualities of his/her pain in a number of important dimensions (sensory and affective). Basal pain intensity should be measured with the visual analogue scale, a simple instrument that can evaluate the efficacy of subsequent treatments. The dentist or endodontist can employ sequential analgesic blockade with topical anaesthetics and perineural administration of plain local anaesthetic to ascertain sites of neuropathology in the PNS. These can be performed in the dental chair and in a patient blinded manner. Other, more specific, tests necessitate referral to a specialist anaesthetist at a multidisciplinary pain clinic. These tests include placebo controlled lignocaine infusions for assessing neuropathic pain, and placebo controlled phentolamine infusions for sympathetically maintained pain.The treatment/management of neuropathic pain is multidisciplinary. Medication rationalisation utilises first‐line antineuropathic drugs including tricyclic antidepressants such as amitriptyline and nortriptyline, and possibly an anticonvulsant such as carbamazepine, sodium valproate, or gabapentin if there are sharp, shooting qualities to the pain. Mexiletine, an antiarrhythmic agent and lignocaine analogue, may be considered following a positive patient response to a lignocaine infusion. All drugs need to be titrated to achieve maximum therapeutic effect and minimum side effects. Topical applications of capsaicin to the gingivae and oral mucosa are a simple and effective treatment in two out of three patients suffering from neuropathic orofacial pain. Temporomandibular disorder is present in two thirds of patients and should be assessed and treated with physiotherapy and where appropriate, occlusal splint therapy. Attention to the patient's psychological status is crucial and requires the skill of a clinical psychologist and/or psychiatrist with pain clinic experience. Psychological variables include distress, depression, expectations of treatment, motivation to improve, and background environmental factors. Unnecessary dental treatment to “remove the pain” with dental extractions is contraindicated and aggravates neuropathic orofacial pain.
An Assessment Of Techniques For Dehydrating Root Canals Using Infrared Laser Radiation
Authors: Amyra T. , Walsh L.T. 
Published: February 2010

AbstractInfrared lasers have been used for debridement and sterilisation of both soft and hard tissues, but there have been few studies of such laser applications in endodontics. The present laboratory study was undertaken to examine the feasibility of using pulsed infrared laser radiation to remove moisture from root canals (with an adjunctive sterilising effect). Canals were prepared in extracted teeth and a standardised technique used to fill the apical half of the root canal with saline. Pulses of CO2 or Nd:YAG laser energy were delivered into the root canal system via miniature applicators and residual fluid determined, as well as temperature changes on the root surface. With the CO2 laser, long pulse durations were effective at dehydrating the canals, but elicited deleterious thermal changes both locally within the canal as well as on the root surface. With Nd:YAG laser treatment, large temperature increases on the root surface occurred even with low powers and low pulse frequencies, and extended times were necessary for dehydration. With higher powers and pulse frequencies, complete dehydration could be achieved in less than 60 seconds, however root surface temperatures increased approximately 25 degrees, and the radicular dentine was damaged by the production of plasma. Dehydration of root canals could not be achieved safely with these two infrared lasers, and damage to both radicular dentine and the periodontal ligament would occur if these techniques were to be applied clinically. Alternative methods which do not exert significant thermal effects should be investigated.