bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adaptive Fuzzy Control for Fractional-Order Networked Control Systems with Input Time Delay and Data Loss
Authors: Yang Chunzhi , Zhang Xiulan 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This paper considers the adaptive fuzzy control of fractional-order nonlinear networked control systems subjected to network-induced input delay and data loss. To approximate unknown functions, fuzzy logic systems are employed. Furthermore, the Pade approximation method and an intermediate variable are introduced to eliminate the impact of input delay, and an adaptive fuzzy controller is designed using backstepping technology. Based on fractional-order Lyapunov stability theory, the proposed method can ensure that all signals are uniformly ultimately bounded, and the tracking error can converge to a small region of the origin. Two simulation examples are provided to verify the viability of the control method.
Life cycle assessment in net zero energy building scenarios in a tropical country
Authors: Rodríguez Lizeth , Martínez Luis , Ramos José , Ariza René , Paris-Viviana Oriol , Muros Adrian , Morales Gabriel , Palacios Andrea , Menjívar Sofía 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe recent IPCC 2023 report reiterates that humans are responsible for global warming over the past 200 years, causing a rise in temperature of 1.1 °C above pre-industrial levels, urging the implementation of mitigation options, especially in the building energy sector. One strong mitigation strategy is designing and building net zero energy buildings (NZEB), although their implementation faces challenges such as opposition to change, especially in tropical countries with traditional and conservative design and construction practices. This paper uses data from a pilot NZEB Laboratory building at UCA, El Salvador, and details its results by comparing different construction system scenarios. The present work presents the results of the Life-cycle assessment (LCA) in three popular construction systems in El Salvador, comparing them with the baseline of its current operation, through 3 iterative calculation tools: structural, thermal and carbon footprint estimation, managing to visualize important findings on how vernacular systems could meet the NZEB performance with added insulation in the structural walls. In addition, a triple-axis sustainability analysis (environmental, economic and social) is conducted using the weighted criteria matrix, which provides nuanced results, such as the proportional share of embodied carbon between the proposals, there is not much difference between the results of the proposed systems, but compared to the baseline, the proposals represent a significant increase of more than 50%. Our results show that in this context, the scalability of NZEB buildings is feasible for different construction systems, paving the way for a progressive and incremental.
Design of a two-dimensional photonic crystal biosensor to identify blood cholesterol in humans
Authors: Heidari Farsad , Parandin Fariborz , Boochani Arash , Rahimi Zahra , Parandin Mohamad Mehdi 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe cholesterol detection of human blood using a two-dimensional photonic crystal biosensor has been studied in this paper. The structure calculations are done using Plane Wave Expansion (PWE) and Finite Difference Time Domain (FDTD). Photonic crystals can be used to detect biological components by utilizing a two-dimensional structure and resonator nano ring. These nano rings cause waveguide and resonator coupling. The cylinders around the sensing region have investigated the improvement structure output. The quality factor and figure of merit (FOM) for this sensor are 4988 and 57.14 RIU−1, respectively, and the low detection limit (DL) is 0.001(RIU), with a sensitivity of 32 (nm/RIU).
Effectiveness of empiric carbapenem versus non-carbapenem therapy for extended-spectrum β-lactamase producing Enterobacterales infections in non-intensive care unit patients: a real-world investigation in a hospital with high-prevalence of extended-spectrum β-lactamase producing Enterobacterales
Authors: Kang Amy Y. , Elkomos Mary , Pham Danny , Guerrero Michelle , Kupferwasser Deborah , Miller Loren G. 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT

Objective:
To investigate whether empiric carbapenem therapy, compared to empiric non-carbapenem therapy, was associated with improved clinical outcomes among hospitalized, non-intensive care unit (ICU) patients with extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacterales infections.

Methods:
We performed a retrospective cohort study of adult, non-ICU patients admitted with ESBL-producing Enterobacterales infections. Primary outcome was time to clinical stability from the first empiric antibiotic dose. Secondary outcomes were early clinical response and 30-day all-cause hospital readmission. We used multivariate regression methods to examine time to clinical stability.

Results:
Of the 142 patients, 59 (42%) received empiric carbapenems and 83 (58%) received empiric non-carbapenems, most commonly ceftriaxone (49/83, 59%). Median age was 59 years. The most common infection source was urinary (71%). The carbapenem group had a higher proportion of patients who received antibiotics within 6 months of admission (55% vs 28%, P < .01) and history of ESBL (57% vs 17%, P < .01). There were no significant differences in hours until clinical stability between the carbapenem and non-carbapenem groups (22 (IQR: 0, 85) vs 19 (IQR: 0, 69), P = .54). Early clinical response (88% vs 90%, P = .79) and 30-day all-cause hospital readmission (17% vs 8%, P = .13) were similar between groups.

Conclusion:
Among hospitalized non-ICU patients with ESBL-producing Enterobacterales infection, we found no difference in time to clinical stability after the first empiric antibiotic dose between those receiving carbapenems and those who did not. Our data suggest that empiric carbapenem use may not be an important driver of clinical response in patients with less severe ESBL-producing Enterobacterales infection.
Impact of discontinuation of contact precautions on surveillance- and whole genome sequencing-defined methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus healthcare-associated infections
Authors: Karunakaran Sharon , Pless Lora Lee , Ayres Ashley M. , Ciccone Carl , Penzelik Joseph , Sundermann Alexander J. , Martin Elise M. , Griffith Marissa P. , Waggle Kady , Hodges Jacob C. , Harrison Lee H. , Snyder Graham M. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Objective:
Prior studies evaluating the impact of discontinuation of contact precautions (DcCP) on methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) outcomes have characterized all healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) rather than those likely preventable by contact precautions. We aimed to analyze the impact of DcCP on the rate of MRSA HAI including transmission events identified through whole genome sequencing (WGS) surveillance.

Design:
Quasi experimental interrupted time series.

Setting:
Acute care medical center.

Participants:
Inpatients.

Methods:
The effect of DcCP (use of gowns and gloves) for encounters among patients with MRSA carriage was evaluated using time series analysis of MRSA HAI rates from January 2019 through December 2022, compared to WGS-defined attributable transmission events before and after DcCP in December 2020.

Results:
The MRSA HAI rate was 4.22/10,000 patient days before and 2.98/10,000 patient days after DcCP (incidence rate ratio [IRR] 0.71 [95% confidence interval 0.56–0.89]) with a significant immediate decrease (P = .001). There were 7 WGS-defined attributable transmission events before and 11 events after DcCP (incident rate ratio 0.90 [95% confidence interval 0.30–2.55]).

Conclusions:
DcCP did not result in an increase in MRSA HAI or, in WGS-defined attributable transmission events. Comprehensive analyses of the effect of transmission prevention measures should include outcomes specifically measuring transmission-associated HAI.
Toward the Formation of the Public in a Marginalized Communicative Culture: Analyzing The Long Road of Woman's Memory
Authors: Ripatti-Torniainen Leena 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This study analyzes Jane Addams’ contribution to an enduring topic: how marginalized people join the public from beyond political, socioeconomic, cultural, and gendered barriers. I study Addams’ book, The Long Road of Woman's Memory (1916), which discusses the seemingly irrational devil baby case in Chicago. Using the concept of public and hidden transcripts and the method of cultural discourse analysis, I contextualize the book within the theorizing around the concept of the public by Addams’ contemporaries, Gabriel Tarde and Robert E. Park. The analysis shows that Addams’ discussion aligns with three conceptual aspects of the formation of the public. First, Addams describes the awakening of consciousness about a collectively relevant concern, and second, the emergence of interaction about the topic. Third, Addams constructs a conceptual distinction between two functions of memory, highlighting independent critical judgment as the divider between the two, which is the decisive factor that Park argues distinguishes the public from the crowd. Addams’ writing contains an unusual perspective in that she discusses development toward the formation of something like the public in a marginalized communicative culture. Instead of focusing on performative and dramatic public debate, Addams addresses discreet genres of communication and illustrates their public relevance.
Improvements on the discretisation of boundary conditions to the momentum balance for glacial ice
Authors: Berends Constantijn J. , van de Wal Roderik S. W. , Zegeling Paul A. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The flow of glacial ice is typically approximated as a nonNewtonian viscous fluid, with the momentum balance described by (an approximation to) the Stokes equations, and the nonlinear rheology described by a flow law. The most commonly used rheological law for glacial ice, Glen's flow law, yields infinite viscosity in the case of zero deformation, which can be the case at the ice surface. This poses a problem when solving the momentum balance numerically. We show that two commonly-used discretisation schemes for the boundary conditions at the ice surface and base, which yield proper numerical convergence when applied to simpler problems, produce poor numerical convergence and large errors, when used to solve the momentum balance with Glen's flow law. We show that a discretisation scheme based on the concept of ghost nodes, which substitutes the boundary conditions directly into the momentum balance equations, yields second-order numerical convergence and errors that can be up to four orders of magnitude smaller. These results are robust across different momentum balance approximations. We show that the improved boundary conditions are particularly useful for solving the 3-D higher-order Blatter-Pattyn Approximation (BPA). In general, this work underlines the importance of thoroughly verifying the numerical solvers used in ice-sheet models, before applying them to future projections of ice-sheet mass loss.
Colourising the past: Digital visual repatriation of colourised Sámi photography
Authors: Marselis Randi 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Colourised photographs have become a popular form of social media content, and this article examines how the digital sharing of colourised colonial photographs from the Sápmi region may develop into a kind of informal visual repatriation. This article presents a case study on the decolonial photographic practices of the Sámi colouriser Per Ivar Somby, who mines digitised photo archives, colourises selected photos, and subsequently shares them on his social media profiles. The article draws on a qualitative, netnographic study of Somby's Colour Your Past profiles in Facebook and Instagram and demonstrates how Somby and his followers reclaim photos of Sámi people produced during historical encounters with non-Sámi photographers. Drawing on Hirsch's (2008, 2012) concept affiliative postmemory, the analysis examines how historical information and affective responses becomes interwoven in reparative readings of colonial photos.
Who is Anaemic in India? Intersections of class, caste, and gender
Authors: Das Bikash , Adhikary Mihir , Singha Smriti Rekha , Parmar Daksha 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAnaemia severely impacts physical and mental abilities, raises health risks, and diminishes the quality of life and work capacity. It is a leading cause of adverse pregnancy outcomes and maternal mortality, especially in developing nations like India, where recent data on anaemia from National Family and Health Survey (NFHS-4) (2015–16) and NFHS-5 (2019–21) indicate a tremendous rise. Anaemia is a marker of poor nutrition and health, and socio-economic factors such as gender norms, race, income, and living conditions influence its impact. As a result, there are disparities in how anaemia affects different segments of society. However, existing research on health inequity and anaemia often employs a single-axis analytical framework of social power. These studies operate under the assumption that gender, economic class, ethnicity, and caste are inherently distinct and mutually exclusive categories and fail to provide a comprehensive understanding of anaemia prevalence. Therefore, the study has adopted the theoretical framework of intersectionality and analysed the NFHS-5 (2019–21) data using bivariate cross-tabulations and binary logistic regression models to understand how gender, class, caste, and place of residence are associated with the prevalence of anaemia. The results suggest that the women of Scheduled Tribes (ST) and Scheduled Castes (SC) share a disproportionate burden of anaemia. This study confirms that economic class and gender, geographical location, level of education, and body mass index significantly determine the prevalence of anaemia. The ST and SC women who are economically marginalised and reside in rural areas with high levels of poverty, exclusion, and poor nutritional status have a higher prevalence of anaemia than other population groups. Thus, the study suggests that intersections of multiple factors such as caste, class, gender, and place of residence significantly determine ‘who is anaemic in India’.
How Do Cash Windfalls Affect Entrepreneurship? Evidence from the Spanish Christmas Lottery
Authors: Bermejo Vicente J. , Ferreira Miguel A. , Wolfenzon Daniel , Zambrana Rafael 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
We show cash windfalls affect the real economy by spurring entrepreneurship. We identify these effects using the Spanish Christmas Lottery, which provides a unique setting as prizes are geographically concentrated and distributed among thousands of households. We find higher start-up entry, job creation, and self-employment in winning regions. Consistent with a financial constraints channel, results are strongest in sectors relying on external finance and regions with limited credit access. Newly created firms are larger, more profitable, and survive longer. For existing firms, however, growth and profitability do not respond to lottery awards, but wages increase due to tighter labor markets.
Methodological characteristics in technology-mediated task-based language teaching research: Current practices and future directions
Authors: Kim YouJin , Namkung Yoon 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
In the past two decades, the synergistic relationship among task-based language teaching (TBLT), instructed second language acquisition, and computer-assisted language learning has gained increasing interest.Technology-mediated TBLT combines these three research domains by integrating the use of technology with task-based approaches for second language (L2) learning purposes. Since the emergence of this framework, empirical studies have increasingly explored the incorporation of tasks with technology-mediated settings for L2 learning and teaching purposes. To understand the methodological characteristics of technology-mediated TBLT research to date, we conducted a systematic search and reviewed 254 technology-mediated TBLT studies published between 2000 and 2022 in peer-reviewed journals and book chapters. These studies were coded for methodological features, research foci, and types of technology. We further examined the role of technologies in task performance to identify their effectiveness in creating authentic tasks. The findings revealed that technology-mediated TBLT research investigated a rather limited scope of contexts, learner groups, and linguistic features, with little attention paid to evaluating the quality of task outcomes. The types of technology used were skewed toward computer-mediated communication. The results also showed that studies examined various interactional features, and the majority reported both quantitative and qualitative data. Furthermore, technologies were integrated into task design to create meaningful language use contexts. Based on these findings, we share suggestions for future technology-mediated TBLT research.
What determines respondents’ valuation uncertainty? Impact of subjective perceptions from the demand and supply sides
Authors: Su Hongyan , He Jie , Huang Desheng , Wang Hua 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBased on a contingent valuation method survey on air quality improvement in northern China, we construct several subjective perception determinants of respondents' valuation uncertainty from both the demand and perceived supply sides. Using the individual-level uncertainty measurements initially proposed by Wang and He (2011) and their alternative transformations, we analyze how these factors of demand and perceived supply sides affect people's valuation uncertainty. Our results demonstrate the significant contribution of these determinants in explaining respondents' uncertainty. On the demand side, people who ‘don't know much’ about benefits-related factors have the highest level of uncertainty, and those claiming to ‘know nothing’ most often report the lowest level of uncertainty. On the supply side, people who either do not trust or are not satisfied with the control policies tend to be more certain of their valuation. The subsequent analyses also suggest that these results be interpreted as negative certainty, which is attributed to a lack of interest.
Heterogeneity in Permeability and Particulate Organic Carbon Content Controls the Redox Condition of Riverbed Sediments at Different Timescales
Authors: Chen Kewei , Guo Zhilin , Zhan Yang , Roden Eric E. , Zheng Chunmiao 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe hydrological and biogeochemical properties of the hyporheic zone in stream and riverine ecosystems have been extensively studied over the past two decades. Although it is widely acknowledged that sediment heterogeneity can influence biogeochemical reactions, little effort has been made to understand the role of heterogeneity on the spatiotemporal variability of riverbed redox conditions under changing flow dynamics at different timescales. Here we integrate a mechanistic model and field data to demonstrate that heterogeneity in permeability plays a vital role in modulating sediment redox conditions at both seasonal (annual) and event (daily‐to‐weekly) timescales, whereas heterogeneity in particulate organic carbon (POC) content only has a comparable influence on redox conditions at the seasonal timescale. These findings underscore the importance of accurately characterizing sediment heterogeneity, in terms of permeability and POC content, in quantifying biogeochemical dynamics in the riverbed and hyporheic zones of riverine ecosystems.
Multi‐Model Simulation of Solar Geoengineering Indicates Avoidable Destabilization of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet
Authors: Moore John C. , Yue Chao , Chen Yangxin , Jevrejeva Svetlana , Visioni Daniele , Uotila Petteri , Zhao Liyun 
Published: June 2024

AbstractHeat transported in Circumpolar Deep Water is driving the break‐up of ice shelves in the Amundsen Sea sector of Antarctica, that has been simulated to be unavoidable under all plausible greenhouse gas scenarios. However, Solar geoengineering scenarios remain largely unexplored. Solar geoengineering changes global thermal radiative balance, and atmospheric and oceanic transportation pathways. We simulate stratospheric aerosol injection (SAI) designed to reduce global mean temperatures from those under the unmitigated SSP5‐8.5 scenario to those under the SSP2‐4.5 scenario with six CMIP6‐class Earth System Models. These consistently show intensified Antarctic polar vortex and sub‐polar westerlies, which mitigates changes to easterly winds along the Amundsen Sea continental shelf compared with greenhouse gas scenarios. The models show significantly cooler Amundsen Sea waters and lower heat content at 300–600 m under SAI than with either solar dimming or the SSP5‐8.5 unmitigated greenhouse gas scenarios. However, the heat content increases under all scenarios compared with present day suggesting that although vulnerable ice shelves would continue to thin, the rate would be lower for SAI even with SSP5‐8.5 specified greenhouse gases, than for the moderate (SSP2‐4.5) scenario. The simulations here use solar geoengineering designed to meet global temperature targets; interventions targeted at preserving the frozen high latitudes have also been proposed that might be expected to produce bigger local effects, but potentially deleterious impacts elsewhere. Considering the huge disruptions to society of ice sheet collapse, more research on avoiding them by intervention technology is a moral imperative.
Volcanic Unrest After the 2021 Eruption of La Palma
Authors: Fernández José , Escayo Joaquin , Prieto Juan F. , Tiampo Kristy F. , Camacho Antonio G. , Ancochea Eumenio 
Published: June 2024

AbstractLa Palma, Canary Islands, had its largest historical eruption in 2021. From January 2022 to May 2023 there were >2,100 seismic events, primarily at depths ≤20 km, prompting us to update the deformation and modeling study, using interferometric synthetic aperture radar observations and a last generation interpretation tool. We detect the evolution of the remaining magmatic body in the SW portion of the island, with arrival of new magma moving into the oceanic crust out to sea, and a pressurized zone in the central‐eastern area, at regions of structural weakness. The current source characteristics have some similarities to the early stage dynamics prior to the 2021 eruption. Operational and multidisciplinary studies must continue to monitor either their stabilization or growth and destabilization. The ability to identify magma ascent using only deformation data over short time periods allows us to characterize unrest patterns and provide new insights into volcanic processes.