bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Limits and Lessons of COVID-19 Apps
Authors: Campbell-Verduyn Malcolm , Gstrein Oskar J. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractWhile modern technologies—for example, in the form of airplanes facilitating international travel—enabled the coronavirus virus to spread rapidly, they were also the foreground in responses to the COVID-19 pandemic, most notably in the rapid development of novel vaccines, as well as smartphone apps used to locate, track and alert individuals to the spread of SARS-CoV-2. This chapter investigates what happened, how, and what is likely to emerge from what we characterise as a timid turn to COVID-apps in Europe during the initial outbreak of the pandemic. Our central argument is that COVID-app reliance re-turned to and extended a long-standing emphasis on digital technologies, as quick fixes to complex socio-ecological problems, a tendency known more widely as ‘technosolutionism’. Our analysis expands the growing literature on COVID-19 era technosolutionism in two ways. First, we explain how smartphone apps showed anxious citizens and consumers the rapid responsiveness of both governments and companies to the emergency in ways that navigated tensions between privacy and surveillance. Second, we elaborate how app-based responses have solidified an increasingly permanently ‘datafied’ emergency management infrastructure that threatens the very solution governments and technology firms sought between desires for privacy and surveillance. Our chapter concludes by pointing to further lessons to explore from this case of technosolutionism in troubled times.
Restrictions on Religious Worship
Authors: Brzozowski Wojciech , Hau Maksymilian , Rybczyńska Oliwia 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAt the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, the need to curve the spread of the novel coronavirus became everyone’s overriding focus, and the measures which cut people off from their social life did not spare religious freedom. In fact, this freedom became one of their first collateral victim of the pandemic since churches were commonly identified as hotbeds for infection. The chapter addresses restrictions on religious worship, thus contributing to the extant literature on this topic by generalising examples from several jurisdictions. By doing so, our analysis uncovers patterns in the legal response to COVID-19 and its impacts on religious worship. We show that, on paper, light restrictions on religious practice prevailed during the COVID-19 pandemic and did not discriminate any specific religious denomination. We then preliminary assess the design of restrictions in the light of the requirements established by the European Convention of Human Rights (ECHR). Our chapter also contrasts how restrictions were implemented in different way across Europe. This empirical investigation allows us to draw recommendations on how to best safeguard freedom of religious worship in crises.
Melt infiltration in a crystal mush and pegmatoid formation in the platiniferous Merensky Reef, Bushveld Complex, South Africa
Authors: Hayes Ben , Maghdour-Mashhour Reza , Ashwal Lewis D. , Smith Albertus J.B. , Ueckermann Henriette , Vermeulen Jaco 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Giant mafic-ultramafic layered intrusions of Archaean-Proterozoic age are the fossilised remnants of huge injections of silicate magma in the Earth’s crust and are our most important repositories of platinum-group elements. Magmatic PGE-rich ore deposits, such as the Merensky Reef, are typically hosted in stratiform reefs at the contacts between ultramafic and feldspathic cumulates. The Merensky Reef is commonly characterised by coarse-grained and pegmatoidal textures that may provide important clues to its origin. We present textural and in situ geochemical data for Merensky pegmatoids at Styldrift Mine (Impala Bafokeng) in the Western Bushveld Complex of South Africa. This region is adjacent to an inferred magmatic feeder zone to the Bushveld. The Merensky pegmatoids are characterised by (i) amoeboid olivine inclusions in zoned orthopyroxene megacrysts with increasing molar Mg# of orthopyroxene towards olivine, (ii) fine-grained chains of orthopyroxene in compositional equilibrium with adjacent orthopyroxene megacrysts, (iii) increasing molar Mg# of orthopyroxene megacrysts and increasing molar An with decreasing 87Sr/86Sri (at 2.06 Ga) of plagioclase oikocrysts in pegmatoids laterally across a 10-km section distal to the feeder, and (iv) highly variable molar An and initial 87Sr/86Sri of interstitial plagioclase proximal to the feeder. We interpret the coarse-grained and pegmatoidal textures, their dissolution-reprecipitation features, and lateral chemical variations as the product of lateral melt infiltration and mixing in a crystal mush. We suggest that the platiniferous Merensky Reef was not formed at the base of a large melt-filled magma chamber but was instead the product of non-sequential magma emplacement that rejuvenated the crystal mush.
Uniform Boundedness for Solutions to the Teukolsky Equation on Schwarzschild from Conservation Laws of Linearised Gravity
Authors: Collingbourne Sam C. , Holzegel Gustav 
Published: May 2024

AbstractWe consider the equations of linearised gravity on the Schwarzschild spacetime in a double null gauge. Applying suitably commuted versions of the conservation laws derived in earlier work of the second author we establish control on the gauge invariant Teukolsky quantities $$\upalpha ^{[\pm 2]}$$

α

[
±
2
]

without any reference to the decoupled Teukolsky wave equation satisfied by these quantities. More specifically, we uniformly bound the energy flux of all first derivatives of $$\upalpha ^{[\pm 2]}$$

α

[
±
2
]

along any outgoing cone from an initial data quantity at the level of first derivatives of the linearised curvature and second derivatives of the linearised connection components. Analogous control on the energy fluxes along any ingoing cone is established a posteriori directly from the Teukolsky equation using the outgoing bounds.
Decompressive craniotomy in split-technique (DCST) for TBI in infants: introducing a new surgical technique to prevent long-term complications
Authors: Sarikaya-Seiwert Sevgi , Shabo Ehab , Schievelkamp Arndt-Hendrik , Born Mark , Wispel Christian , Haberl Hannes 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Introduction
Decompressive craniectomy (DC) is rarely required in infants. These youngest patients are vulnerable to blood loss, and cranial reconstruction can be challenging due to skull growth and bone flap resorption. On the other hand, infants have thin and flexible bone and osteogenic potential.

Material and methods
We propose a new technique called DCST, which makes use of these unique aspects by achieving decompression using the circumstance of the thin and flexible bone. We describe the surgical technique and the follow-up course over a period of 13 months.

Results and conclusion
In our study, DCST achieved adequate decompression and no further repeated surgeries in accordance with decompressive craniectomy were needed afterwards.
Intrapartum fever complicated with maternal bacteremia: prevalence, bacteriology, and risk factors
Authors: Attali Emmanuel , Kern Guy , Warshaviak Miriam , Reicher Lee , Many Ariel , Yogev Yariv , Fouks Yuval 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Purpose
To assess the prevalence, microbial profile, and clinical risk factors of maternal bacteremia associated with intrapartum fever (IPF).

Methods
A retrospective cohort study, in a single tertiary university-affiliated medical center between 2012 and 2018. Demographic and labor characteristics of women, who delivered at term (37+0/7–41+6/7) and developed bacteremia following IPF were compared to a control group of women with IPF but without bacteremia.

Results
During the study period there were 86,590 deliveries in our center. Of them, 2074 women (2.4%) were diagnosed with IPF, of them, for 2052 women (98.93%) the blood maternal cultures were available. In 26 patients (1.25%) maternal bacteremia was diagnosed. A lower rate of epidural anesthesia (84.6% vs 95.9%, p = 0.02) and a higher rate of antibiotics prophylaxis treatment prior to the onset of fever (30.8%.vs 12.1%, p = 0.006) were observed in patients who developed maternal bacteremia in comparison to those who have not. Maternal hyperpyrexia developed after initiation of antibiotics or without epidural anesthesia remained significantly associated with maternal bacteremia after applying a multivariate analysis, (Odds Ratio 3.14 95% CI 1.27–7.14, p = 0.009; 4.76 95% CI 1.35–12.5, p = 0.006; respectively).

Conclusion
Maternal fever developing after initiation of antibiotics or without epidural is associated with maternal bacteremia.
Upregulated lncRNA LINC01128 in colorectal cancer accelerates cell growth and predicts malignant prognosis through sponging miR-363-3p
Authors: Zhou Xiaohu , Li Yanhui , Wu Lei , Tian Chunyan , Wu Xiaoliang 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Colorectal cancer (CRC) refers to high-mortality tumors arising in the colon or rectum with a high rate of recurrence. The involvement of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) contributes to the treatment and prognosis evaluation of CRC, and brings a new direction for the radical cure of patients. To identify the pathological mechanism and regulation of lncRNA LINC01128 (LINC01128) on CRC cells, and analyze its potential prognostic value.

Methods
LINC01128 level in tissue and cell specimens from 122 CRC patients was evaluated by RT-qPCR. The clinical significance and prognostic value of LINC01128 in CRC were analyzed via Kaplan–Meier and Cox analysis. CCK8 and Transwell assays were used to study the function of LINC01128 in vitro. The relationship between LINC01128 and miR-363-3p was confirmed by luciferase reporter gene assay.

Results
The overexpression of LINC01128 is associated with TNM stage and lymph node metastasis in CRC patients. Silencing LINC01128 inhibited the proliferation and metastasis of CRC cells. In addition, LINC01128 directly targeted and negatively regulated the miR-363-3p expression, while miR-363-3p inhibitor restored the inhibitory function of LINC01128.

Conclusion
As an independent prognostic factor of CRC, upregulation of LINC01128 predicts poor prognosis and accelerates tumor deterioration through miR-363-3p.
Expression of human RECQL5 in Saccharomyces cerevisiae causes transcription defects and transcription-associated genome instability
Authors: Lafuente-Barquero Juan , Svejstrup Jesper Q. , Luna Rosa , Aguilera Andrés 
Published: May 2024

AbstractRECQL5 is a member of the conserved RecQ family of DNA helicases involved in the maintenance of genome stability that is specifically found in higher eukaryotes and associates with the elongating RNA polymerase II. To expand our understanding of its function we expressed human RECQL5 in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, which does not have a RECQL5 ortholog. We found that RECQL5 expression leads to cell growth inhibition, increased genotoxic sensitivity and transcription-associated hyperrecombination. Chromatin immunoprecipitation and transcriptomic analysis of yeast cells expressing human RECQL5 shows that this is recruited to transcribed genes and although it causes only a weak impact on gene expression, in particular at G + C-rich genes, it leads to a transcription termination defect detected as readthrough transcription. The data indicate that the interaction between RNAPII and RECQL5 is conserved from yeast to humans. Unexpectedly, however, the RECQL5-ID mutant, previously shown to have reduced the association with RNAPII in vitro, associates with the transcribing polymerase in cells. As a result, expression of RECQL5-ID leads to similar although weaker phenotypes than wild-type RECQL5 that could be transcription-mediated. Altogether, the data suggests that RECQL5 has the intrinsic ability to function in transcription-dependent and independent genome dynamics in S. cerevisiae.
Towards an objective assessment of tree vitality: a case study based on 3D laser scanning
Authors: Heidenreich Marius G. , Höwler Kirsten , Seidel Dominik 
Published: May 2024

Key message
Analyzing fine branch length characteristics in beech trees using single-tree QSMs derived from laser scanning reveals insights into drought-induced changes in vitality, which include branch shedding and reduced shoot growth.

Abstract
Climate change causes increasing temperatures and precipitation anomalies, which result in deteriorations of tree health and declines in ecosystem services of forests. It is therefore crucial to monitor tree vitality to preserve forests and their functions. However, methods describing tree vitality in situ are lacking reproducibility or are too laborious. Thus, we tested a laser-scanning based approach, assuming that an objective measurement of a tree’s outer shape should reveal changes according to tree vitality. QSMs of similarly sized beech trees from stands with varying degrees of drought damage were used. Absolute and relative fine branch lengths, their ratio to lower order branches’ lengths and their progressions over relative height were targeted to identify fine branch dieback and reduced growth. The absolute fine branch length was significantly lower for less vital beech trees, especially within the upper crown, leading to a less top-heavy vertical distribution of fine branches and a reduced fine-to-base order branch length ratio. Hence, height-dependent characteristics of fine branch lengths differed between vitalities. We conclude that using fine branch length characteristics derived from QSMs can be helpful in vitality assessments of beech trees. Still, uncertainties with regard to the plotwise assessment and problems with QSM quality are present.
Screening for undiagnosed pancreatic exocrine insufficiency (PEI) in a cohort of diabetic patients using faecal elastase testing and PEI scoring system
Authors: Parihar V. , Ballester R. , Ridgway P. F. , Conlon K. C. , Gibney J. , Ryan B. M. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Introduction
Type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) are often accompanied by mild forms of pancreatic exocrine insufficiency (PEI). The prevalence rates of PEI in diabetic patients are unclear and variable depending on the testing modality and the studies published. The clinical consequences of PEI in diabetics are also not well defined.

Aim
We aimed to determine the prevalence of PEI in a diabetic cohort using the faecal elastase-1 (FE-1) assay as a screening test and to validate a patient-reported symptom-based scoring system, the (PEI-S) for diagnosing PEI within this patient population.

Methods
Two hundred and three diabetic patients attending diabetic and gastroenterology outpatients of a university hospital without previously known PEI were recruited for the study. Demographic parameters, PEI score (PEI-S), and glycated hemoglobin (HBA1c) were documented in standardized data sheets, and a stool sample was obtained. A FE-1 value < 200 μg/g and or a PEIS of > 0.6 was used as the screening cut-off for PEI.

Results
One hundred sixty-six patients returned faecal samples. The prevalence of PEI, as measured by low FE-1, was 12%. Smoking was associated with an increased risk of developing PEI in this diabetic population. No other independent risk factors were identified. The PEI-S system did not differentiate between people with diabetes having a normal and low FE1.

Conclusion
12% of this mixed, real-life cohort of type 1 and 2 DM patients had undiagnosed PEI, as defined by an FE-1 score of less than 200 μg/g. While this may appear low, given the rising prevalence of type 2 DM worldwide, there is likely an unrecognized burden of PEI, which has long-term health consequences for those affected. The PEI-S, a symptom-scoring system for patients with PEI, did not perform well in this patient group.
Investigating the Creep Damage and Permeability Evolution Mechanism of Phyllite Considering Non-Darcy’s Flow
Authors: Li Tianbin , Peng Feng , Chen Chao , Ma Chunchi , Li Yonglin , Wang Yixiang , Li Yushu 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis study investigates the intricate interplay of hydraulic coupling, creep damage, and permeability evolution mechanisms in phyllite, focusing on their relevance to tunnel engineering design and long-term stability in soft rock formations. To achieve this, conventional triaxial tests were conducted on saturated phyllite specimens under creep-seepage acoustic emission conditions. The results were systematically analyzed to unveil the inherent characteristics of creep deformation, seepage rate evolution, and damage progression in phyllite when subjected to stress–seepage coupling. Furthermore, a permeability model for representative volume element (RVE) was developed based on meso-mechanics principles, considering the distinctive attributes of low-permeability non-Darcy’s flow in rock. Consequently, a novel relationship between effective damage and permeability was established. We determined that seepage pressure induces three key effects on the creep damage mechanism of phyllite samples: (1) It adds to the existing stress through the superposition of osmotic pressure and axial load, (2) it induces tensile expansion stress because of pore water pressure, and (3) it softens the fracture surfaces to some extent. More importantly, this study validates the relationship between effective damage and permeability through the fitting of creep and damage parameters, which were obtained from the test results, and it reveals a square relationship between subsequent damage and permeability under stress conditions. The findings of this study provide a robust theoretical foundation for comprehending the evolution of damage and permeability characteristics during the creep process of rock under seepage conditions. We obtained essential insights and quantitative analyses for comprehending the damage mechanisms in rock creep under hydraulic coupling, which has significant implications for tunnel engineering and long-term rock stability assessments in soft rock environments.
Model reduction for an internally damped n-particle chain in a potential well under polyharmonic excitation
Authors: Genda Attila , Fidlin Alexander , Gendelman Oleg 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe study focuses on the model reduction of an internally damped chain of particles confined within a weakening potential well subjected to polyharmonic excitation to investigate the chain’s escape dynamics. The chain features strong linear coupling between particles and nonnegligible viscous damping forces arising from their relative motion. The potential well is modeled to have no energy dissipation, which means that damping arises solely from the internal interactions among particles and not from their motion through a resisting medium. Polyharmonic excitation frequencies are chosen to excite both the center of mass of the chain and at least one of the internally resonant frequencies, which are significantly higher than the linearized angular eigenfrequency of the center of mass within the well. The relative motion of the particles quickly reaches a steady state because of the non-small internal damping, allowing for the derivation of an efficient force field for the center of mass. Eliminating fast dynamics reduces the system’s degrees of freedom to one, employing a probabilistic approach based on the relative motion’s probability density function. The reduced 1 DoF model is appropriate for further investigation using various methods established in the literature.
A rapid review of menopausal education programmes
Authors: McFeeters Claire , Pedlow Katy , McGinn Deborah , McConnell Karen 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Introduction
Menopause is a significant life event that can impact a woman's quality of life and mental health due to hormonal changes. Menopause education programmes play a crucial role in increasing awareness and knowledge about menopause in women. This rapid review aimed to identify the structure and components of menopause education programmes and summarise the evidence of their effectiveness in improving menopausal knowledge, symptoms, and quality of life.

Methods
The Cochrane rapid review methodology was employed, involving systematic searches in four databases. The eligibility criteria included primary research on menopause education programmes for adults, and studies reporting menopause-related outcomes.

Results
A total of 39 studies were included in the review, with most (n = 26/39, 66.7%) published in the last decade. The majority of interventions were delivered in group settings, providing advantages such as a supportive environment and shared experiences among participants. The most frequently covered topics included signs and symptoms of menopause, treatment/management, and lifestyle factors. The review identified evidence of effectiveness in supporting menopause education programmes for improving women's knowledge, symptoms, and quality of life. However, inconsistent reporting of intervention components hindered replication and implementation.

Conclusion
The review suggests the need for comprehensive reporting of interventions, and inclusion of premenopausal women, and recommends that future menopause education interventions are inclusive for all ages and abilities. Overall, studies included in this review support the use of menopause education programmes for improving women's understanding and management of menopause.
A comparative analysis of square-wave voltammetry and multi-frequency electrochemical Faradaic spectroscopy for kinetic characterisation
Authors: Glaubitz Franz , Mirceski Valentin , Schröder Uwe 
Published: May 2024

AbstractA rigorous comparison between square-wave voltammetry (SWV) and the recently proposed multi-frequency electrochemical Faradaic spectroscopy (MEFS) is presented for both a quasireversible electrode reaction of a dissolved redox couple at a planar macroscopic electrode and a catalytic regenerative electrode mechanism (EC′ reaction scheme) by means of numerical simulations. MEFS offers fast kinetic characterisation with a minimal set of experiments, as the system is interrogated with a range of SW frequencies in a single experiment. By changing the mid-potential Em, a critical parameter of MEFS, a broad range of standard rate constants for the heterogeneous interfacial electron transfer is accessible, ranging between 0.006 and 0.12 cm s−1. In the case of the EC′ mechanism, features of the current components in both SWV and MEFS reflect the involvement of the follow-up regenerative chemical reaction (i.e. C′ catalytic step). However, for the kinetic characterisation of the EC′ mechanism, the comparative analysis suggests that SWV should be the main operating technique.
Optimal strategies for the decumulation of retirement savings under differing appetites for liquidity and investment risks
Authors: Avanzi Benjamin , De Felice Lewis 
Published: May 2024

AbstractA retiree’s appetite for risk is a common input into the lifetime utility models that are traditionally used to find optimal strategies for the decumulation of retirement savings. In this work, we consider a retiree with potentially differing appetites for the key financial risks of decumulation: liquidity risk and investment risk. We set out to determine whether these differing risk appetites have a significant impact on the retiree’s optimal choice of decumulation strategy. To do so, we design and implement a framework which selects the optimal decumulation strategy from a general set of admissible strategies in line with a retiree’s goals, and under differing appetites for the key risks of decumulation. Overall, we find significant evidence to suggest that a retiree’s differing appetites for different decumulation risks will impact their optimal choice of strategy at retirement. Through an illustrative example calibrated to the Australian context, we find results which are consistent with actual behaviours in this jurisdiction (in particular, a shallow market for annuities), which lends support to our framework and may provide some new insight into the so-called annuity puzzle.