bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Textile‐Compatible Substrate Electrodes with Electrodeposited ZnO—A New Pathway to Textile‐Based Photovoltaics
Authors: Loewenstein Thomas , Rudolph Melanie , Mingebach Markus , Strauch Kerstin , Zimmermann Yvonne , Neudeck Andreas , Sensfuss Steffi , Schlettwein Derck 
Published: February 2010

AbstractA strategy is presented to realize textile‐based photovoltaic cells motivated by developments of textile‐based electronics and their demand of grid‐independent energy supply. Beyond this, a development of textile‐based photovoltaics also represents an attractive pathway towards very flexible and rugged solar cells. The need for compatibility of an appropriate photovoltaic technology with the physical limitations of textiles is stressed. Electrodeposition from aqueous solutions is presented as a successful strategy to realize semiconductor structures on textiles and detailed control and influence of the deposition conditions is discussed. The role of microelectrode effects, options of forced convection, deposition under pulsed potential, alternative deposition baths and different substrate metals are emphasized. An active electrode material is presented which reaches a conversion efficiency close to the 1 % limit under AM 1.5 illumination conditions and thereby opens the door for a further optimization towards devices of technical interest.
Differential Behavior of Amino–Imino Constitutional Isomers in Nonlinear Optical Processes
Authors: Latorre Sonia , Moreira Ibério de P. R. , Villacampa Belén , Julià Lluís , Velasco Dolores , Bofill Josep Maria , López‐Calahorra Francisco 
Published: February 2010

AbstractA detailed study of the “blocked” amino–imino tautomers derived from N‐acridine‐substituted 2‐aminobenzothiazole—and their effect on the nonlinear optical response—is presented. The synthesis, characterization, and nonlinear optical properties of these frozen tautomers, namely, N‐methyl‐N‐(2‐nitroacridin‐6‐yl)‐2‐aminobenzothia‐zole and 3‐methyl‐N‐(7‐nitroacridin‐3‐yl)‐2‐iminobenzothiazole, are reported. A theoretical model based on valence–bond theory is also proposed and used to analyze the effects of the nuclear configuration corresponding to each frozen tautomer structure. In the present case, the aromatic form and the allylic‐anion‐like system of the NCN group inherent to each isomer are crucial for understanding and analyzing the different responses of each “blocked” tautomer.
Almost‐anywhere theories: Reductionism and universality of emergence
Authors: Licata Ignazio 
Published: February 2010

AbstractHere, we aim to show that reductionism and emergence play a complementary role in understanding natural processes and in the dynamics of science explanation. In particular, we will show that the renormalization group—one of the most refined tools of Theoretical Physics—allows to understand the importance of emergent processes' role in Nature identifying them as universal organization processes, that is, they are scale independent. We can use the syntaxes of Quantum Field Theory and the processes of Spontaneous Symmetry Breaking as a trans‐disciplinary theoretical scenario for many other forms of complexity, especially the biological and cognitive ones. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Complexity, 2010
Precise conditional immortalization of mouse cells using tetracycline‐regulated SV40 large T‐antigen
Authors: Anastassiadis Konstantinos , Rostovskaya Maria , Lubitz Sandra , Weidlich Stefanie , Stewart A. Francis 
Published: February 2010

AbstractCellular immortalization provides a way for expansion and subsequent molecular characterization of rare cell types. Ideally, immortalization can be achieved by the reversible expression of immortalizing proteins. Here, we describe the use of conditional immortalization based on a modified tetracycline‐regulated system for the expression of SV40 large T‐antigen in embryonic stem (ES) cells and mice. The modified system relies on a codon improved reverse tetracycline transactivator (irtTA) fused to the ligand‐binding domain (LBD) of the androgen receptor (irtTA‐ABD) or of a mutated glucocorticoid receptor (irtTA‐GBD*). Induction of T‐antigen is conferred only after addition of two ligands, one to activate the LBD (mibolerone for irtTA‐ABD or dexamethasone for irtTA‐GBD*) and one to activate the tetracycline transactivator (doxycycline). In ES cells, changes in gene expression upon large T induction were limited and reversible upon deinduction. Similarly, expression of T‐antigen was very tightly regulated in mice. We have isolated and expanded bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells that could be genetically manipulated and maintained their differentiation properties after several passages of expansion under conditions that induce the expression of large T‐antigen. genesis 48:220–232 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A transgenic Cre mouse line for the study of cortical and hippocampal development
Authors: Zhou Wei , Zhang Ying , Li Yiping , Wei Yu‐Sheng , Liu Guang , Liu De‐Pei , Pleasure Samuel J , Xie Wei , Zhao Chunjie 
Published: February 2010

AbstractWnt signaling regulates cortical and hippocampal development. In a previous study we found that a particular Wnt receptor, Frizzled9 (Fzd9), was selectively expressed in both the developing and adult hippocampus. Taking advantage of the specificity of this promoter, we generated a transgenic cre mouse line using the putative control elements of the Fzd9 gene. In the Fzd9‐cre mice, Cre is mainly detected in the developing cortex and hippocampus and is confined to the CA fields and dentate gyrus in adults. Furthermore, by crossing the Fzd9‐cre mouse with the ROSA26 reporter line, we examined the activity of Cre and found that it has very high recombination efficiency. Thus, this mouse line will likely prove to be a useful tool for studying cortical and hippocampal development via activation or inactivation of interesting genes. genesis 48:343–350, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Building a zoo of mice for genetic analyses: A comprehensive protocol for the rapid generation of BAC transgenic mice
Authors: Johansson Torbjörn , Broll Ilja , Frenz Theresa , Hemmers Saskia , Becher Burkhard , Zeilhofer Hanns Ulrich , Buch Thorsten 
Published: February 2010

AbstractTransgenic mice are highly valuable tools for biological research as they allow cell type–specific expression of functionally instrumental genes. In this protocol, the generation of bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) transgenic constructs is described. We give an overview of different transgenic inserts, such as fluorescent proteins (alone or in combination with Cre variants), diphtheria toxin receptor, lacZ, and light‐activated ion channels. The most reliable and versatile approach to express these genes is by using BACs, which allow “highjacking” of the expression pattern of a gene without characterizing its transcriptional control elements. Here, we describe the necessary cloning techniques compared with conventional transgenesis. With the provided “toolbox” of already available transgene constructs, the generation of the BAC transgenes is made easy and rapid. We provide a comprehensive outline how to insert the different transgenes into a chosen BAC by either ET cloning or recombineering. We also describe in detail the methods to identify the correct insertion and the integrity of the final BAC construct, and finally, the preparation of the BAC DNA for oocyte injection is described. genesis 48:264–280, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Comparison of methods for identifying and assessing obese patients with binge eating disorder in primary care settings
Authors: Barnes Rachel D. , Masheb Robin M. , White Marney A. , Grilo Carlos M. 
Published: February 2010

AbstractObjective:Given the prevalence and health significance of binge eating disorder (BED) it is important to determine if time‐efficient self‐reports can adequately assess BED and its features in primary care settings. We compared the Eating Disorder Examination‐Questionnaire (EDE‐Q) and Questionnaire for Eating and Weight Patterns‐Revised (QEWP‐R), administered to obese patients with BED in primary care setting to the Eating Disorder Examination (EDE) interview.Method:Sixty‐six participants completed the questionnaires and were interviewed.Results:The EDE interview was significantly correlated with the EDE‐Q (binge eating, four subscales, and global score) and the QEWP‐R (binge eating, distress, and body image). The EDE‐Q yielded significantly lower estimates of binge eating and significantly higher scores on the EDE subscales. The QEWP‐R yielded significantly higher scores on the behavioral indicators and distress about binge eating and body image variables.Discussion:These findings suggest that these two self‐report measures have potential utility for identifying BED in obese patients in primary care. © 2010 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Bulimia nervosa with history of anorexia nervosa: Could the clinical subtype of anorexia have implications for clinical status and treatment response?
Authors: Vaz‐Leal Francisco J. , Santos Laura Rodríguez , García‐Herráiz M. Angustias , Monge‐Bautista Melchora , López‐Vinuesa Beatriz 
Published: February 2010

AbstractObjective:To investigate whether the subtype of anorexia nervosa (AN) could influence the bulimic syndrome and treatment response in bulimia nervosa (BN) patients with a history of AN (BN/AN+).Method:Seventy female BN patients were assessed for eating disorder, psychopathology and personality, and treated for 6 months.Results:BN/AN+ patients retained some traits of their past condition: lower body weight, higher perfectionism, and higher reward dependence. They also had more severe symptoms, longer evolution time, and worse response to treatment. A history of restricting AN was associated to higher age, longer evolution time, higher impulsivity, and greater tendency to use diet pills and diuretics. A history of binge‐purging AN was associated to more severe vomiting, lower body dissatisfaction and less depressive symptoms, as well as better outcome.Discussion:The influence of the AN subtype in BN/AN+ patients is worthy of further study as it might have clinical implications. © 2010 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc (Int J Eat Disord 2011; 44:212–219)
Spectroscopic and Computational Study of Ligand Photodissociation from [Ru(dipyrido[3,2‐a:2′,3′‐c]phenazine)(4‐aminopyridine)4]2+
Authors: Ruiu Tiziana , Garino Claudio , Salassa Luca , Pizarro Ana M. , Nervi Carlo , Gobetto Roberto , Sadler Peter J. 
Published: February 2010

AbstractThe new complex [Ru(dppz)(4AP)4]2+ (1, in which dppz = dipyrido[3,2‐a:2′,3′‐c]phenazine and 4AP = 4‐aminopyridine) has been synthesized, characterized and its photophysical and photochemical properties have been studied by combining spectroscopic and computational [DFT and time‐dependent (TD) DFT] methods. Upon irradiation in aqueous solution, complex 1 selectively photoreleases one 4AP ligand and subsequently coordinates a water molecule to form [Ru(dppz)(4AP)3(OH2)]2+.
Chemoenzymatic Dynamic Kinetic Resolution of Alcohols and Amines (Eur. J. Org. Chem. 6/2010)
Authors: Lee Jin Hee , Han Kiwon , Kim Mahn‐Joo , Park Jaiwook 
Published: February 2010

AbstractThe cover picture shows the synthesis of optically active esters and amides by chemoenzymatic dynamic kinetic resolution (DKR) from racemic alcohols and amines, respectively. Racemic substrates are transformed into single enantiomeric products by the combination of metal‐catalyzed racemization and enzymatic acylation. The background is “The Hands of Win‐Win” of Homigot, 22 km east of Pohang along the East Sea of Korea. Many people visit Homigot to see the hands and the sun rise. The hands are chiral and racemic. The Microreview by M.‐J. Kim, J. Park et al. on p. 999 ff describes the DKR of racemic alcohols and amines by emphasizing the characteristics of the racemization catalysts developed so far.
DNA damages induced by trans, trans‐2,4‐decadienal (tt‐DDE), a component of cooking oil fume, in human bronchial epithelial cells
Authors: Young Shun‐Chieh , Chang Louis W. , Lee Hui‐Ling , Tsai Lung‐Hung , Liu Yin‐Chang , Lin Pinpin 
Published: February 2010

AbstractEpidemiological studies have demonstrated that cooking oil fumes (COF) are an environmental risk factor for the development of lung adenocarcinoma among nonsmoking females in Taiwan. Aside from polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, aldehydes, especially trans, trans‐2,4‐decadienal (tt‐DDE) are found to be abundant in COF. Although there is indication that tt‐DDE induces DNA damage, the precise role of tt‐DDE in the induction of DNA damage in lung cells is still not clear. When we assessed DNA breaks with the Comet assay, we found that the DNA breaks induced by 1 μM tt‐DDE in human bronchial epithelial cells (BEAS‐2B) could be significantly reduced by antioxidants, suggesting that oxidative stress was involved. Indeed, when tt‐DDE‐treated cells were coincubated with endonuclease III/formamidopyrimidine‐DNA glycosylase or with nuclear extract (NE), an enhancement of DNA breaks was observed at 1 hr after tt‐DDE exposure. Furthermore, when NE was incubated with an antibody against 8‐oxoguanine DNA glycosylase (anti‐OGG1), a reduction in tt‐DDE/NE‐induced DNA breaks could be demonstrated. Since OGG1 is a specific repair enzyme for 8‐oxo‐deoxyguanosine (8‐oxo‐dG), these findings indicated that 8‐oxo‐dG was involved. On the other hand, when NE was incubated with antibodies against nucleotide excision repair enzymes, there was a significant reduction in tt‐DDE/NE‐induced DNA breaks at 4 hr after tt‐DDE treatment. These observations indicate that, in addition to early oxidative DNA damage, nonoxidative DNA damage such as bulky adduct formation, was also induced by tt‐DDE. Our study further affirms that tt‐DDE is genotoxic to human lung cells and can increase carcinogenic risk. Environ. Mol. Mutagen., 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Strategies for DNA interstrand crosslink repair: Insights from worms, flies, frogs, and slime molds
Authors: McVey Mitch 
Published: February 2010

AbstractDNA interstrand crosslinks (ICLs) are complex lesions that covalently link both strands of the DNA double helix and impede essential cellular processes such as DNA replication and transcription. Recent studies suggest that multiple repair pathways are involved in their removal. Elegant genetic analysis has demonstrated that at least three distinct sets of pathways cooperate in the repair and/or bypass of ICLs in budding yeast. Although the mechanisms of ICL repair in mammals appear similar to those in yeast, important differences have been documented. In addition, mammalian crosslink repair requires other repair factors, such as the Fanconi anemia proteins, whose functions are poorly understood. Because many of these proteins are conserved in simpler metazoans, nonmammalian models have become attractive systems for studying the function(s) of key crosslink repair factors. This review discusses the contributions that various model organisms have made to the field of ICL repair. Specifically, it highlights how studies performed withC. elegans, Drosophila, Xenopus, and the social amoeba Dictyostelium serve to complement those from bacteria, yeast, and mammals. Together, these investigations have revealed that although the underlying themes of ICL repair are largely conserved, the complement of DNA repair proteins utilized and the ways in which each of the proteins is used can vary substantially between different organisms. Environ. Mol. Mutagen., 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Degradation of triclosan in the combined reaction of Fe2+ and UV‐C: Comparison with the Fenton and photolytic reactions
Authors: Son Hyun‐Seok , Khim Jeehyeong , Zoh Kyung‐Duk 
Published: February 2010

AbstractThe degradation mechanism of triclosan, which is a potent broad‐spectrum antimicrobial agent considered to be an emerging pollutant, was investigated using the Fenton reaction, UV‐C only, and the combined reaction of Fe2+ and UV‐C. In the Fenton, UV‐C only, and combined reactions, triclosan was almost completely removed within 60 min, whereas total organic carbon (TOC) was degraded by only 48.2, 58.7, and 79%, respectively, within 150 min. The production of chloride as the ionic byproduct in the Fenton, UV‐C only, and combined reactions reached 54, 62, and 78%, respectively, after 150 min. In the presence of methanol as an OH radical scavenger, the efficiencies of triclosan removal and chloride production decreased significantly in all reactions, indicating that the OH radical is the main oxidizing compound in these reactions. The concentration of Fe2+ decreased continuously during the Fenton reaction, whereas it increased after 90 min in the combined reaction, indicating that a reversible reaction between Fe2+ and Fe3+ occurred. The more efficient removal of TOC and the generation of more OH radicals by the combined reaction indicate that it is superior to other reactions for the degradation of triclosan. © 2010 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 2010
Application of MPA to estimate probability of collapse of structures
Authors: Han Sang Whan , Moon Ki‐Hoon , Chopra Anil K. 
Published: February 2010

AbstractThis paper develops a modal pushover analysis‐ (MPA) based approximate procedure to quantify the collapse potential of structural systems. The computationally demanding incremental dynamic analysis (IDA) of the structural system is avoided by MPA of the structure in conjunction with empirical equations for the collapse strength ratio for the first‐mode single‐degree‐of‐freedom (SDF) system; higher modes of vibration play essentially no role in estimating the ground motion intensity required to cause collapse of the structure. Presented are collapse fragility curves for 6‐, 9‐, and 20‐story regular special moment‐resisting teel frames computed by the exact and approximate procedures, demonstrating that the MPA‐based approximate procedure requires only a small fraction (1% in one example) of the computational effort inherent in exact IDA and still achieves highly accurate results. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effects of vegetation on channel morphodynamics: results and insights from laboratory experiments
Authors: Tal Michal , Paola Chris 
Published: February 2010

AbstractA series of laboratory experiments demonstrates that riparian vegetation can cause a braided channel to self‐organize to, and maintain, a dynamic, single‐thread channel. The initial condition for the experiments was steady‐state braiding in non‐cohesive sand under uniform discharge. From here, an experiment consisted of repeated cycles alternating a short duration high flow with a long duration low flow, and uniform dispersal of alfalfa seeds over the bed at the end of each high flow. Plants established on freshly deposited bars and areas of braidplain that were unoccupied during low flow. The presence of the plants had the effect of progressively focusing the high flow so that a single dominant channel developed. The single‐thread channel self‐adjusted to carry the high flow. Vegetation also slowed the rate of bank erosion. Matching of deposition along the point bar with erosion along the outer bend enabled the channel to develop sinuosity and migrate laterally while suppressing channel splitting and the creation of new channel width. The experimental channels spontaneously reproduced many of the mechanisms by which natural meandering channels migrate and maintain a single dominant channel, in particular bend growth and channel cutoff. In contrast with the braided system, where channel switching is a nearly continuous process, vegetation maintained a coherent channel until wholesale diversion of flow via cutoff and/or avulsion occurred, by which point the previous channel tended to be highly unfavorable for flow. Thus vegetation discouraged the coexistence of multiple channels. Varying discharge was key to allowing expression of feedbacks between the plants and the flow and promoting the transition from braiding to a single‐thread channel that was then dynamically maintained. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effect assessment of the herbicide paraquat on a green alga using differential gene expression and biochemical biomarkers
Authors: Jamers An , De Coen Wim 
Published: February 2010

Abstract
Effects of the herbicide paraquat were assessed on the green freshwater alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii using different endpoints of toxicity. Cell concentration and growth rate were monitored, whereas flow cytometry was applied to determine changes in chlorophyll content, viability and presence of reactive oxygen species. Furthermore, a transcriptomics approach using microarray hybridizations was applied to elucidate the mechanisms of toxicity. The results reveal that paraquat concentrations above 0.25 µM induce toxic effects in C. reinhardtii, reflected in a significantly reduced growth rate and cell concentration with a corresponding median effective concentration (EC50) value of 0.26 µM. With increasing paraquat concentrations, an increase in cell volume was registered with a particle counter as well as in the forward scattering signal of flow cytometric measurements, which is a measure of cell size. Flow cytometry, moreover, showed an increase in reactive oxygen species with increasing exposure concentration, corroborating the general knowledge that this herbicide exerts its toxicity through the generation of oxidative stress. At the same time, several genes involved in oxidative stress defense mechanisms, such as L-ascorbate peroxidase, glutaredoxin, and a possible glutathione-S-transferase were differentially expressed, demonstrating the value of microarrays for elucidating possible mechanisms of toxicity. The fact that several genes were differentially expressed at paraquat concentrations that caused no adverse effects on higher levels of biological organization indicates that a transcriptomics approach allows for the detection of early effects, even before they become manifest at higher levels. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2010;29:893–901. © 2009 SETAC
Exposure to lead induces hypoxia—like responses in bullfrog larvae (Rana catesbeiana)
Authors: Rice Timothy M , Blackstone Brian J , Nixdorf Wendy L , Taylor Douglas H 
Published: February 2010

Abstract
Amphibians collected around mining sites, areas with extensive automobile traffic, and shooting ranges have been documented to contain high levels of lead. Lead—exposed amphibians might respond as if in hypoxic conditions because exposure is known to decrease hemoglobin levels, damage erythrocytes, and alter respiratory surfaces. Therefore, we exposed bullfrog larvae to either 0 or 780 μg/L Pb and either 3.50 or 7.85 mg/L oxygen for 7 d and monitored activity, trips to the surface, and buccal ventilation rates. Activity was significantly decreased in larvae exposed to low oxygen, Pb, or both compared to activity of larvae in high oxygen with no Pb. Larvae exposed to both Pb and low oxygen displayed higher buccal ventilation rates than larvae exposed to either treatment separately. Lead—exposed larvae surfaced significantly more often than unexposed larvae even under high—oxygen conditions. Lead—exposed larvae decreased in mass during the exposure period, whereas unexposed larvae increased in mass. Lead exposure could decrease survival of larvae in the field not only because of physiological problems due to decreased oxygen uptake but also because of greater predation pressure due to increased presence at the surface and reduced growth rates.