bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Determination of Carbohydrates in Syngonium podophyllum Biomass by Capillary Electrophoresis After Saccharification Process Under Different Sample Preparation Techniques
Authors: Aredes Rafaella Silva , Quattrociocchi Daniel Garcez Santos , Madriaga Vinicius Gomes , Offrede Giovanni , Paranhos Maria Clara de Souza , Lima Thiago de Melo , Duarte Lucas Mattos , Marques Flávia Ferreira de Carvalho 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTTo achieve a more sustainable future, it is crucial to conduct studies on lignocellulosic biomass as a source of carbohydrates, ultimately serving as feedstocks for platform molecules that can be converted into biofuels, biopolymers, and chemicals. Urban residue lignocellulosic biomass, exemplified by Syngonium podophyllum, shows promise as an alternative source. This study employed capillary zone electrophoresis with indirect UV detection as an environmentally friendly method for determining xylose and glucose after treating, depolymerizing, and saccharifying Syngonium biomass. Three different hydrolysis methods yielded distinct outcomes. Heating under reflux treatment resulted in a 37 ± 3 mg g−1 xylose content, whereas ultrasonication significantly increased xylose yield, measuring 110 ± 5 mg g−1. Interestingly, these two methods did not detect glucose, suggesting they may be less effective at producing detectable monosaccharide levels. On the other hand, microwave‐assisted hydrolysis produced the highest xylose content at 290 ± 13 mg g−1 and glucose at 124 ± 6 mg g−1. These results highlighted the effectiveness of microwave‐assisted hydrolysis in converting carbohydrates from the urban Syngonium biomass, demonstrating its potential in processing lignocellulosic biomass through a cheap and sustainable route.
The Incidence and Prevalence of Dementia Among Ontario Adults With and Without Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities
Authors: Patel Prachi , Sun Winnie , Mataruga Andrea , Fung Kinwah , Balogh Robert 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTObjectivesThere are more than 66,000 Ontario adults living with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD). While the risk of dementia is well established among those with Down Syndrome (DS), there is limited research in persons with IDD excluding DS (Non‐DS IDD). This study aimed to compare the incidence and prevalence of dementia in Ontario adults with and without IDD over time and by demographic information.MethodsAdministrative data were used to calculate and compare the annual age‐ and sex‐adjusted cumulative incidence and period prevalence of dementia from fiscal years 2011/12 to 2020/21 in three cohorts: (1) Non‐DS IDD, (2) DS, and (3) No IDD.ResultsCompared to persons without IDD, cumulative incidence of dementia was on average 4.27 and 5.33 times higher in persons with Non‐DS IDD and DS respectively and period prevalence of dementia was on average 4.87 and 5.93 times higher in persons with Non‐DS IDD and DS respectively.ConclusionsGiven the increased rates of dementia within the IDD population, it is imperative that early dementia screening take place, appropriate health and social services are implemented and more actions are taken to delay the onset of dementia, while considering the needs of this population.
Mapping the Numbers of Dementia in Brazil: A Delphi Consensus Study
Authors: Aliberti Márlon Juliano Romero , Suemoto Claudia Kimie , Laks Jerson , Caramelli Paulo , Dozzi Brucki Sonia Maria , Farina Nicolas , Apolinario Daniel , Camargos Einstein Francisco , d'Orsi Eleonora , Alves Gilberto Sousa , César‐Freitas Karolina Gouveia , Rangel Luís Fernando , Chaves Márcia Lorena Fagundes , Lopes Marcos Antonio , Coletta Marcus Vinicius Della , Barbosa Matheus Ghossain , Frota Norberto Anizio Ferreira , Nitrini Ricardo , Ferri Cleusa Pinheiro 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTObjectivesAs the global dementia crisis intensifies, especially in low‐and middle‐income countries (LMICs), there is a pressing need for comprehensive prevalence data across diverse regions, including Brazil, where studies have been predominantly limited to affluent urban centers. This study aimed to conduct an expert consensus to determine the prevalence of all‐cause dementia in Brazil, considering various age groups, sexes, and geographical areas.MethodsA Delphi consensus process with clinical and academic experts from across Brazil was conducted to provide dementia prevalence estimates in people aged ≥ 60 years living throughout Brazil for 2019. Each round consisted of answering structured questionnaires that incorporated information from the literature. A priori criteria were used to ascertain the point in which consensus was achieved for > 70% of the 15 prevalence estimates—for (1) total, (2) women and men, and (3) the five Brazilian macro‐regions. The current and projected dementia cases in Brazil were calculated based on age and sex population distributions.ResultsFifteen experts, with a mean professional experience of 25 ± 10 years, reached a consensus in the fourth round. Experts agreed with a mean all‐cause dementia prevalence of 8.5% among Brazilians aged ≥ 60 years, which comprised 2.46 million people in 2019 in this age. They reported higher dementia rates in women (9.1%) than men (7.7%); the highest total prevalence was in those over 80 where it exceeds 20%. Regional variations were also noted, with lower prevalence in the South (7.3%) and higher in the North (8.9%) and Northeast (10.1%). Projections estimate that considering Brazil’s rapidly aging population, dementia cases will rise to 8.89 million by 2060.ConclusionsThis Delphi study estimated that dementia already affects roughly 1 in 12 older Brazilians aged 60 and above, with slightly higher prevalence in women and significant geographical variations. These results underscore the urgency for targeted public health strategies in Brazil and offer a framework for similar challenges in other LMICs, especially given that dementia cases are projected to increase by approximately 3.6 times in 4 decades.
A Network Analysis of the Associations Between the Dark Triad Traits and Domains of Emotional Functioning
Authors: Grabovac Beata , Dinić Bojana M. , Tomašević Aleksandar , Carroll Grace , Burke Tom 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThe aim of this study was to reexamine relationships between the Dark Triad traits and aspects of emotional functioning, such as emotional intelligence and empathy, as traits and abilities, by using a network analysis approach. The sample consisted of 359 Hungarians from Serbia. The results indicated that the optimal description of the network structure involved four communities: the Dark Triad traits, emotion recognition abilities as aspects of cognitive empathy, emotional intelligence traits and empathy and appraisal and expression of emotion in others as mainly traits of empathy focusing on others. Psychopathy and narcissism are central components connecting their Dark Triad community with emotional functioning communities. Psychopathy's main role stemmed from its negative relationship with emotional reactivity and recognising positive states, indicating emotional deficits in both trait and ability domains. On the other hand, narcissism had a positive relationship with the use of emotion to facilitate performance, but showed a negative relationship with recognising negative states, indicating a discrepancy between self‐image and objective abilities. Machiavellianism showed weak relationships with emotional intelligence and empathy traits, but a non‐significant one with the ability to recognise emotional states. Its strongest positive relationships were observed with cognitive empathy and the use of emotions to facilitate performance.
No significant impact of platelet‐rich plasma on recovery after Achilles tendon surgery: A double‐blind randomized controlled trial
Authors: Yasui Youichi , Miyamoto Wataru , Sasahara Jun , Keisuke Tsukada , Kubo Maya , Sasaki Gen , Yamamoto Asako , Kawano Hirotaka 
Published: February 2025

AbstractPurposeDouble‐blind, randomized, placebo‐controlled trials evaluating the efficacy and safety of Platelet‐rich plasma (PRP) in the treatment of Achilles tendon rupture (ATR) have been scant. This study examines the therapeutic impact of PRP injection 3 weeks after surgery in middle‐aged males.MethodsThis double‐blind, randomized, placebo‐controlled trial included consecutive ATR patients who satisfied the inclusion criteria and was conducted from 5 September 2018 to 24 June 2021. Three weeks after surgery using the side‐locking loop technique, PRP or saline was injected at the suture site under ultrasound guidance. Evaluations were conducted at predetermined intervals (6, 10, 12, 16 and 24 weeks and 1 and 2 years) after surgery. The primary outcome was the period needed to perform a bilateral heel raise, and the important secondary outcomes were the periods needed to perform a single heel raise and 20 unilateral heel raises, respectively.ResultsThere were seven participants in the PRP group and seven in the saline group. Demographically, both groups exhibited comparable characteristics. No complications were reported. At 6 weeks after surgery, all participants achieved bilateral heel raise. The PRP and saline groups averaged 12.3 ± 2.7 and 15.7 ± 5.9 weeks to achieve a single heel raise and 14.3 ± 2.7 and 17.7 ± 4.5 weeks to achieve 20 unilateral heel raises, respectively, with no significant differences between both groups. Moreover, no substantial disparities in clinical scores, period of jogging initiation and magnetic resonance imaging tendon assessments were noted.ConclusionsPRP did not offer a distinct advantage over saline in terms of recovery from ATR in middle‐aged males. This finding underscores the need to reassess the post‐operative significance of PRP and highlights the importance of further research to determine its potential advantages and risks.Level of EvidenceLevel I.
Real‐World Effectiveness of Sotrovimab in Patients Infected With SARS‐CoV‐2 Omicron Subvariant BA.2 in Western Sydney, Australia
Authors: Kalo Eric , Basyouni Ziad , Katz Gideon Meyerowitz , Karkvandi Vahid , Watson Leanne , Crowther Helen , Read Scott , O'Sullivan Matthew V. N. , Ellis Jasmin , Medlin Joanne , Ahlenstiel Golo 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTLaboratory‐based findings suggest that Sotrovimab is significantly less effective against emerging CARS‐CoV‐2 variants, however, clinical data is lacking. Here we examined the effectiveness of sotrovimab, in preventing emergency department (ED) presentation and subsequent hospitalization in high‐risk subgroups of patients during the SARS‐CoV‐2 Delta and Omicron waves in Western Sydney, Australia (n = 515). Risk for ED attendance was comparable in Omicron patients, whether BA.1 or BA.2, compared to Delta patients (hazard ratio of 0.97 [0.36–2.64]). These findings highlight the need for caution when using in vitro findings to drive clinical practice, especially when the consequence is to withhold potentially lifesaving treatment.
Impact of baseline‐pool local impedance on lesion formation using a local impedance‐sensing catheter: Lessons from a porcine experimental model
Authors: Fukaya Hidehira , Ogawa Emiyu , Mori Hitoshi , Matsuura Gen , Toraiwa Megumi , Ogiso Sho , Arakawa Yuki , Kobayashi Shuhei , Nakamura Hironori , Ishizue Naruya , Kishihara Jun , Oikawa Jun , Niwano Shinichi , Ako Junya 
Published: February 2025

AbstractBackgroundImpact of baseline‐pool local impedance (BP‐LI) on the lesion size remains unclear.MethodsLesion size in the porcine left ventricular myocardium was evaluated using the STABLEPOINT™ catheter across various ablation settings and BP‐LIs (100, 140, and 180 ohms).ResultsA total of 184 lesions were created with different durations (15/30/60 s) at 30 watts or with different powers (30/40/50 W) for 15 s. Lesion depth became deeper (2.8/3.0/3.6 mm at 15 s; p = .007, 4.0/4.9/4.6 mm at 30 s; p = .004, and 5.9/5.5/5.2 mm at 60 s; p = .710) and lesion width wider (5.8/6.3/7.6 mm at 15 s; p = .002, 7.0/8.9/8.9 mm at 30 s; p < .001, and 10.5/9.4/10.5 mm at 60 s; p = .262) as the BP‐LI increased under 30 W. Similarly, the lesion depth became significantly deeper (2.1/3.4/3.7 mm at 30 W; p < .001, 3.5/4.6/4.6 mm at 40 W; p < .001, and 4.1/4.7/5.2 mm at 50 W; p = .002) and lesion width broader (5.1/6.9/7.0 mm at 30 W; p < .001, 7.0/7.9/8.1 mm at 40 W; p = .004, and 7.7/8.2/9.6 mm at 50 W; p < .001, respectively) as the BP‐LI increased with a 15‐s ablation. The relationship between the LI drop and lesion size varied with the different BP‐LIs. Adjusted %LI drops (absolute LI drop divided by the BP‐LI) minimized the differences between the LI values and lesion formation among the three BP‐LIs.ConclusionLesion size decreased with lower BP‐LI, and the relationship between the LI drops and lesion formation varied across the different BP‐LIs. Adjusted %LI drops may serve as a more reliable parameter for predicting the lesion formation.
Effectiveness of upgrade left bundle branch area pacing for right ventricular pacing‐induced cardiomyopathy: Extra QRS shortening matters
Authors: Huang Hao , Li Xiaofeng , Long Tianxin , Yu Yu , Cheng Sijing , Ning Xiaohui , Chen Xuhua , Gu Min , Niu Hongxia , Hua Wei 
Published: February 2025

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesLeft bundle branch area pacing (LBBAP) has developed as a strategy for patients with pacing‐induced cardiomyopathy (PICM). We aimed to compare the upgrade effectiveness between LBBAP and traditional biventricular pacing (BVP) in PICM patients.MethodsConsecutive PICM patients with successful device upgrades were enrolled. The primary outcome was the echocardiographic response, defined as absolute left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) improvement ≥5% at 6‐month follow up.ResultsA total of 92 patients were included. 61 underwent BVP and 31 underwent LBBAP. The median RVP burden was 96.8% (IQR: 93.0–99.0%). LBBAP achieved a shorter paced QRS duration (QRSd) compared with BVP (145.9 ± 22.4 ms vs. 157.5 ± 26.5 ms; p =.031). At 6 months, LBBAP had a higher echocardiographic response rate than BVP (67.7% vs. 39.3%, p =.019). LVEF increased from 37.8% ± 9.2% to 44.8% ± 10.2% (p <.001) in LBBAP compared with an improvement from 35.7% ± 8.9% to 38.2% ± 12.1% (p <.01) in BVP, with significantly greater change from baseline in LBBAP (7.0% ± 7.0% vs. 2.5% ± 8.7%; p =.024). Narrower pacing QRS after upgrade was associated with better echocardiographic response only in LBBAP but not in BVP. (P for interaction <.05). Both groups had similar rates of composite clinical outcome.ConclusionLBBAP improved echocardiographic response compared with BVP in PICM patients. The superior efficacy of LBBAP in reverse remodeling was dependent on improved electrical synchrony.
Prognostic and predictive effects of new steatotic liver disease nomenclatures: a large population‐based study
Authors: Zeng Huixian , Fang Letian , Yang Zhiyu , Zhao Xinyu , Chen Hongsen , Xing Puyi , Niu Zheyun , Li Zheng , Li Zishuai , Zhao Jiayi , Liu Wenbin , Jing Chunxia , You Hong , Cao Guangwen 
Published: February 2025

AbstractWe aimed to compare the association of metabolic dysfunction‐associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), metabolic dysfunction‐associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), alcohol‐related liver disease (ALD), metabolic dysfunction and ALD (MetALD), and MASLD with viral hepatitis (MASLD‐Viral) with risks of cirrhosis, liver cancer, and mortality. The data of 464,556 adults from the UK Biobank (UKB), 13,526 adults from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), and 2554 adults from BeijngFH Health Cohort Study (FHCS) were included. Adjusted hazard ratios (aHR) and odds ratios were calculated using Cox and Logistic regression models, respectively. Compared with non‐SLD, the risk of liver cancer increased from MetALD (aHR 1.70 [95% CI 1.37, 2.09]), MASLD (1.91 [1.66, 2.21]), MAFLD (2.01 [1.76, 2.29]), ALD (3.16 [2.54, 3.93]), to MASLD‐Viral (22.0 [10.8, 44.4]) in a stepwise manner in the UKB; the risk of all‐cause mortality increased from MetALD, MASLD, MAFLD, ALD, to MASLD‐Viral in the NHANES. The odds ratio of liver fibrosis increased from MASLD, MAFLD, to MASLD‐Viral in the FHCS. In patients with diabetes, metformin plus other drugs were associated with higher risks of cirrhosis, liver cancer, and all‐cause mortality in MASLD or MAFLD. Prevention rather than antiglycemic treatment is important for patients with diabetic MASLD or MAFLD.
Endothelial monocarboxylate transporter 1 drives atherosclerosis via a lactate/NADH/CtBP‐mediated transrepression pathway
Authors: Li Zou , Guo Shuai , Cao Kaixiang , Duan Yuxi , Zhao Yuan , Zhang Yuting , Yu Shihui , Bai Zaixia , Yu Runfa , Chen Yixin , Li Ziling , Huang Shuqi , Song Mingchuan , Wang Cailing , Hou Wenzhong , He Jun , Yang Bin , Xu Yiming 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThe accumulation of lactate in tissue microenvironments is associated with atherosclerosis, but its precise role in atherogenesis remains largely unknown. This study demonstrated that lactate accumulation in aortic tissues and blood is correlated with increased monocarboxylate transporter 1 (Mct1) expression in endothelial cells (ECs) within atherosclerotic plaques. Lactate uptake via Mct1 triggers an inflammatory response in ECs. The administration of endothelial‐targeting nanoparticles containing siRNA against Mct1 reduces endothelial inflammation and atherogenesis in Apoe−/− mice. Mechanistic studies revealed that the conversion of lactate to pyruvate, along with NADH production and oligomerization of the NADH‐sensitive transcriptional corepressor C‐terminal binding protein 1 (CtBP1), is necessary for the proinflammatory effects of lactate. Monomeric CtBP1 interacts with the transcriptional repressor forkhead box P1 (FOXP1) to suppress endothelial adhesion molecule expression. However, NADH‐induced oligomerization of CtBP1 prevents its binding to FOXP1, significantly reducing FOXP1‐mediated transrepression of endothelial adhesion molecules. Moreover, silencing Foxp1 in ECs negates the atheroprotective effect of endothelial Mct1 knockdown in Apoe−/− mice. These findings suggest that lactate/MCT1‐induced epigenetic reprogramming represents a potential therapeutic target in atherosclerosis.
Microbiota‐derived 3‐Methyl‐L‐histidine mediates the proatherogenic effect of high chicken protein diet
Authors: Zhu Shanshan , Liu Ludi , Zhao Yawen , Ye Bingqi , He Jialin , Li Wenkang , Xu Yingxi , Zhu Jiangyuan , Xia Min , Liu Yan 
Published: February 2025

AbstractDiet rich in chicken protein has gained a widespread popularity for its profound effect on weight loss and glycemic control; however, its long‐term effect on cardiovascular health and the underlying mechanisms remains obscure. Here, we demonstrated that higher intake of chicken protein was an independent risk factor for sub‐clinical atherosclerosis. Adherence to high chicken protein diet (HCD) alleviated excessive weight gain and glycemic control regardless of the presence of gut microbiota in apolipoprotein E–deficient mice. In contrast, long‐term HCD administration enhanced intestinal cholesterol absorption and accelerated atherosclerotic plaque formation in a gut microbiota‐dependent manner. Integrative analysis of 16S rDNA sequencing and metabolomics profiling identified 3‐Methyl‐L‐histidine (3‐MH), resulting from an enrichment of Lachnospiraceae, as the key microbial effector to the atherogenic effect of HCD. Mechanistically, 3‐MH facilitated the binding of hepatocyte nuclear factor 1A (HNF1A) to the promoter of NPC1‐like intracellular cholesterol transporter 1 (NPC1L1), whereas inhibition of HNF1A–NPC1L1 axis abolished the atherogenic effect of 3‐MH. Our findings uncovered a novel link between microbiota‐derived 3‐MH and disturbed cholesterol homeostasis, which ultimately accelerated atherosclerosis, and argued against the recommendation of HCD as weight loss regimens considering its adverse role in vascular health.
Once‐weekly glucagon‐like peptide receptor agonist polyethylene glycol loxenatide protects against major adverse cardiovascular events in patients with type 2 diabetes: a multicenter ambispective cohort study (FLYING trial)
Authors: Li Jilin , Tian Yu , Li Liping , Zhao Yanyan , Yang Shuhui , Xu Wencan , Zhu Dan , Ye Junjun , Chen Jingxian , Liu Weiting , Xue Haibo , Wu Wei , Deng Feiying , Duan Yale , Hu Zhizhen , Xie Bin , Chen Zhe‐Sheng , Hou Kaijian 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThis study aimed to determine the effects of polyethylene glycol loxenatide (PEG‐Loxe), a glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonist, on a three‐point major adverse cardiovascular event (3P‐MACE) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The study was conducted in six tertiary hospitals in three cities in China. Large language models were used to retrospectively screen and include 12,341 patients with T2DM who had either cardiovascular disease or cardiovascular risk factors. The patients were divided into the PEG‐Loxe cohort (treated with PEG‐Loxe, n = 1282) and the control cohort (treated with incretin glucose‐lowering agents, n = 11,059). After a median follow‐up of 4.0 years, 3P‐MACE occurred in 51 (4.0%) and 1263 (11.4%) patients in PEG‐Loxe and control cohorts, respectively (hazard ratio [HR] 0.68, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.49–0.94; p = 0.019). In the PEG‐Loxe versus control cohorts, 21 (1.6%) versus 476 (4.3%) patients experienced nonfatal stroke (HR 0.63; p = 0.041), whereas 22 (1.7%) versus 545 (4.9%) experienced nonfatal myocardial infarction (HR 0.66; p = 0.058), and the incidence of cardiovascular death was 8 (0.6%) versus 240 (2.2%), respectively (HR 0.56; p = 0.118). We found a significantly lower incidence of first nonfatal myocardial infarction, nonfatal stroke, or cardiovascular deaths in the PEG‐Loxe cohort than the control cohort.
High‐efficiency design of multifunctional radar absorbing honeycomb structures for enhanced ultrathin, broadband, and load‐bearing performance
Authors: Li Yuexuan , Han Yiwei , Ji Zhengjiang , Cheng Linhao , Li Maoyuan , Wang Xi , Zhu Youxin , Yan Leilei , Zheng Xitao 
Published: February 2025

AbstractWith the rapid advancements in anti‐stealth technology and electronic reliability, radar absorbing structures urgently need to achieve electromagnetic‐mechanical enhancement. However, the drawback of the current frequency selective surface (FSS) film still affects the interfacial strength of the structures, limiting the improvement of the mechanical performance. This work proposed an ultrathin, broadband, and load‐bearing integrated radar absorbing honeycomb structure (RAHS), fabricated via a high‐efficiency multi‐manufacturing approach, replacing the traditional FSS film. The result reveals that optimizing the structural geometry and resistance of the interlocked functional honeycomb (F‐HC), FSS‐laminate, and polylactic acid honeycomb lattice cores, the optimal RAHS can achieve an excellent absorption bandwidth of 35.30 GHz (absorptivity>87%) under TE polarization at a thickness of only 9 mm with a density of 0.55 kg m−3 as well as possess outstanding compressive strength of 21.9 MPa and energy absorption of 6.43 MJ m−3, increasing of 200% compared with RASH (without lattice cores). Notably, the proposed electromagnetic mechanism demonstrates that the electromagnetic synergistic effects originate from the electromagnetic loss capabilities of F‐HC and the L‐C resonance and resistance between the square loop and square patch, and the gradient impedance matching between FSS‐laminate and F‐HC with lattice cores. The multi‐stage effect between the interlocked square F‐HC structure and the hexagonal honeycomb lattice cores significantly enhances the energy absorption performance. This work provides a high‐efficiency pathway for achieving high‐performance electromagnetic functional structures.Highlights
RAHS is designed for ultrathin, broadband, and load‐bearing integration.
The multi‐manufacturing approach of RAHS effectively resolved the drawbacks of the current FSS film.
Filling lattice cores enhanced compressive strength by 200%, and energy absorption by 793%.
The multi‐stage effect between the F‐HC and lattice cores enhanced the mechanical performance of RAHS.
Electromagnetic synergy improved broadband of RAHS via FSS‐laminate and lattice cores.