bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
T2DM may exert a protective effect against digestive system tumors in East Asian populations: a Mendelian randomization analysis
Authors: An Ni , Zhang Yu , Sha Zhilin , Xu Zhen , Liu Xiuzhen 
Published: June 2024

IntroductionType 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) was associated with digestive system tumors. We analyzed publicly available data from GWAS studies using Mendelian randomization methods to clarify its causal relationship and mechanisms. Five common digestive system tumors and four diabetes-related phenotypes were included.MethodsInverse variance weighted method was the main analytical method. Meta-analysis was used to summarize results of multiple data sources. Horizontal pleiotropy was tested using Egger-intercept method and validated by MRPRESSO method. Heterogeneity and sensitivity analysis were conducted by Cochran’s Q test and leave-one-out method, respectively.ResultsT2DM is associated with a reduced risk of esophageal (OR: 0.77, 95% CI: 0.71 to 0.83, P&lt; 0.001), gastric (OR: 0.87, 95% CI: 0.84 to 0.90, P&lt; 0.001) and colorectal cancer (OR: 0.88, 95% CI: 0.85 to 0.91, P&lt; 0.001) and hepatocellular carcinoma (OR: 0.92, 95% CI: 0.86 to 0.97, P = 0.005) and an increased risk of pancreatic cancer (OR: 1.92, 95% CI: 1.47 to 2.50, P&lt; 0.001) in East Asian population. T2DM causes decreased fasting insulin levels (OR = 0.966, 95% CI: 0.95 to 0.98, P&lt; 0.001) and increased glycated hemoglobin levels (OR=1.41, 95% CI: 1.39 to 1.44, P&lt;0.001). Elevated fasting insulin levels increase the risk of esophageal cancer (OR = 10.35, 95% CI: 1.10 to 97.25, P = 0.041), while increased glycated hemoglobin levels increase pancreatic cancer risk (OR=2.33, 95% CI: 1.37 to 3.97, P=0.002) but decrease gastric cancer risk (OR=0.801, 95% CI: 0.65 to 0.99, P=0.044).ConclusionT2DM is associated with a reduced risk of esophageal, gastric and colorectal cancer and hepatocellular carcinoma in East Asian populations. The causal relationships between T2DM with esophageal and gastric cancer are partially mediated by decreased fasting insulin and increased glycated hemoglobin levels, respectively. T2DM indirectly increases the risk of pancreatic cancer by increasing glycated hemoglobin levels.
Development and validation of AI models using LR and LightGBM for predicting distant metastasis in breast cancer: a dual-center study
Authors: Zhang Wen-hai , Tan Yang , Huang Zhen , Tan Qi-xing , Zhang Yue-mei , Chen Bin-jie , Wei Chang-yuan 
Published: June 2024

ObjectiveThis study aims to develop an artificial intelligence model utilizing clinical blood markers, ultrasound data, and breast biopsy pathological information to predict the distant metastasis in breast cancer patients.MethodsData from two medical centers were utilized, Clinical blood markers, ultrasound data, and breast biopsy pathological information were separately extracted and selected. Feature dimensionality reduction was performed using Spearman correlation and LASSO regression. Predictive models were constructed using LR and LightGBM machine learning algorithms and validated on internal and external validation sets. Feature correlation analysis was conducted for both models.ResultsThe LR model achieved AUC values of 0.892, 0.816, and 0.817 for the training, internal validation, and external validation cohorts, respectively. The LightGBM model achieved AUC values of 0.971, 0.861, and 0.890 for the same cohorts, respectively. Clinical decision curve analysis showed a superior net benefit of the LightGBM model over the LR model in predicting distant metastasis in breast cancer. Key features identified included creatine kinase isoenzyme (CK-MB) and alpha-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase.ConclusionThis study developed an artificial intelligence model using clinical blood markers, ultrasound data, and pathological information to identify distant metastasis in breast cancer patients. The LightGBM model demonstrated superior predictive accuracy and clinical applicability, suggesting it as a promising tool for early diagnosis of distant metastasis in breast cancer.
Jingqianshu granules mitigates premenstrual depression by regulating orexin signaling
Authors: Dong Ping , Dai Weibo , Zhao Tingting , Gong Yuandong , Weng Ning , Lv Shimeng , Zhao Yifan , Du Chunyu , Ma Yuexiang , Zhang Zhen , He Shuhua , Zheng Feng , Sun Peng 
Published: June 2024

Introduction: Premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD), a severe form of premenstrual syndrome (PMS), is a serious health disorder that affects patient moods. It is caused by cyclic psychological symptoms and its pathogenesis is still unclear. Abnormalities in the basolateral amygdala (BLA) orexin system, which are important causes of the development of depressive mood, have not been reported in PMDD, so exploring its intrinsic mechanisms is meaningful for enriching the pathomechanisms of PMDD.Methods: High performance liquid chromatography was used for the determination of the active ingredients of Jingqianshu granules. Developing a rat model of premenstrual depression using the forced swimming test (FST). The experiment consisted of two parts. In Part 1, the rats were divided into the control group, the model group, the model + Jingqianshu group, and the model + fluoxetine group. The FST, open field test, and elevated plus maze test, were used to assess the behavior of the rats as well as to evaluate the effect of drug intervention. Immunofluorescence and RT-qPCR were used to detect the expression of orexin and its receptors OX1R and OX2R genes and proteins. The expression of Toll-like receptor 4, nuclear factor kappa-B, tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin 6, and interleukin-1β in the BLA brain region was detected by Western-Blot. In part 2, the rats were injected intracerebrally with orexin-A. Observe the behavioral activities of rats in the control group, model group, and model+orexin-A group. Immunofluorescence was used to detect microglia in the BLA area of rats, and the expression levels of the above inflammatory factors were detected by Western-Blot.Results: The five components of Jingqianshu granules are: paeoniflorin, erulic acid, liquiritin, hesperidin, and paeonol. During the estrous cycle, rats exhibited depressive-like behavior during the non-receptive phase of the behavioral test, which disappeared during the receptive phase. Immunofluorescence and RT-qPCR showed reduced gene and protein expression of orexin, OX1R, and OX2R in the BLA region of rats in the model group.WB showed elevated levels of inflammatory factors. All returned to control levels after drug treatment. In part 2, injection of orexin-A into the BLA brain region of model rats resulted in reduced immunoreactivity of microglia and decreased expression levels of inflammatory factors.Discussion: Jianqianshu granules can achieve the purpose of treating premenstrual depression by regulating orexin-mediated inflammatory factors, which provides a new idea for further research on the pathogenesis of PMDD. However, the current study is still preliminary and the pathogenesis of PMDD is complex. Therefore, more in-depth exploration is needed.
Regional insights on tobacco-related tweets: unveiling user opinions and usage patterns
Authors: Castillo-Toledo Consuelo , Fernandez-Lazaro Cesar I. , Lara-Abelenda Francisco J. , Molina-Ruiz Rosa M. , Ortega Miguel Angel , Mora Fernando , Alvarez-Mon Melchor , Quintero Javier , Alvarez-Mon Miguel Angel 
Published: June 2024

IntroductionTobacco consumption and its impact on health remain high worldwide. Additionally, it is a contentious issue generating significant controversy. Twitter has proven to be a useful platform for evaluating public health topics related to population health behaviors, and tobacco consumption.ObjectiveThe objective of this study is to analyze the content of tweets related to tobacco. Moreover, geolocation data will be considered to understand regional differences.MethodsTweets published between 2018 and 2022, in both English and Spanish, containing the keyword “tobacco,” were analyzed. A total of 56,926 tweets were obtained. The tweets were classified into different categories. 550 tweets were manually analyzed, and an automated and computerized classification was performed for the remaining and largest subset of tweets.ResultsThe analysis yielded 30,812 classifiable tweets. Healthcare professionals were the most frequent contributors to the topic (50.2%), with the most common theme being general information about the toxic effects of tobacco. 57.9% of the tweets discussed the harmful effects of tobacco on health, with fear being the predominant emotion. The largest number of tweets were located in America.ConclusionsOur study revealed a substantial number of tweets highlighting the health risks and negative perceptions of tobacco consumption. Africa showed the lowest percentage of tweets discussing the health risks associated with tobacco, coinciding with the continent having the least developed anti-tobacco policies. Healthcare professionals emerged as the most prominent users discussing the topic, which is encouraging as they play a crucial role in disseminating accurate and scientific health information.
Sex-related differences in young binge drinkers on the neurophysiological response to stress in virtual reality
Authors: Moreno-Fernández Román D. , Bernabéu-Brotons Elena , Carbonell-Colomer Myriam , Buades-Sitjar Francisco , Sampedro-Piquero Patricia 
Published: June 2024

BackgroundStress is one of the main environmental factors involved in the onset of different psychopathologies. In youth, stressful life events can trigger inappropriate and health-damaging behaviors, such as binge drinking. This behavior, in turn, can lead to long-lasting changes in the neurophysiological response to stress and the development of psychological disorders late in life, e.g., alcohol use disorder. Our aim was to analyze the pattern of neurophysiological responses triggered with the exposition to a stressful virtual environment in young binge drinkers.MethodsAUDIT-3 (third question from the full AUDIT) was used to detect binge drinking (BD) in our young sample (age 18–25 years). According to the score, participants were divided into control (CO) and BD group. Next, a standardized virtual reality (VR) scenario (Richie’s Plank) was used for triggering the stress response while measuring the following neurophysiological variables: brain electrical activity by electroencephalogram (EEG) and cortisol levels through saliva samples both measurements registered before and after the stressful situation. Besides, heart rate (HR) with a pulsometer and electrodermal response (EDA) through electrodes placed on fingers were analyzed before, during and after the VR task.ResultsRegarding the behavior assessed during the VR task, BD group spent significantly less amount of time walking forward the table and a tendency toward more time walking backwards. There was no statistically significant difference between the BD and the CO group regarding time looking down, but when we controlled the variable sex, the BD women group displayed higher amount of time looking down than the rest of the groups. Neurophysiological measurements revealed that there was not any statistically significant difference between groups in any of the EEG registered measures, EDA response and cortisol levels. Sex-related differences were found in HR response to VR scenario, in which BD women displayed the highest peak of response to the stressor. Also, the change in heartbeat was higher in BD women than men.ConclusionUnveiling the neurophysiological alterations associated with BD can help us to prevent and detect early onset of alcohol use disorder. Also, from our data we conclude that participants’ sex can modulate some stress responses, especially when unhealthy behaviors such as BD are present. Nevertheless, the moment of registration of the neurophysiological variables respect to the stressor seems to be a crucial variable.
Süreyya-Dani technique, a new technique to address notching of soft triangle and opening external nasal valve
Authors: Omer Goran Latif , Şeneldir Süreyya , Di Girolamo Stefano , Habibullah Imad J. , Ahmed Avar F. , Ali Sahand S. , Abdullah Aland S. , Mustafa Ayman M. , Abdalla Berun A. , Hassan Hemin Noori , Mohammed Shvan H. , Kakamad Fahmi H. 
Published: June 2024

IntroductionWhile different methods are employed for fixing narrowed nasal valves and preventing the notching of soft triangles, this study aims to demonstrate the effectiveness of a new technique called Süreyya-Dani Technique.MethodsThis prospective study composed 100 patients who underwent rhinoplasty using the Süreyya-Dani technique. All patients presented with either notching of the soft triangle and/or external nasal valve dysfunction. Patients with the absence of soft triangle notching and external nasal valve dysfunction were excluded from this study. Facial analysis was conducted for all patients to identify any asymmetry in the face, and all nasal defects were identified. Descriptive statistics were calculated for different variables. Analytical statistics, namely Chi-Square test, was conducted with a significance level set at P &lt; 0.05.ResultsIn the current study, 100 patients were involved, out of which 63 (63%) were female and 37 (37%) were male. The participants' ages ranged from 18 to 46 years, with a mean age of 30 years. various chief complaints were found among patients, with the majority 37(37%) expressing cosmetic concerns. A statistically significant difference was found for the association of nasal tip defects with genders, intraoperative findings, and chef complaints, and the association between the degree of external valve insufficiency and crural weakness (P-value &lt; 0.05).ConclusionDespite many techniques that have been put forward to fix narrowed nasal valves and prevent notching of the soft triangle, the Süreyya-Dani Technique could work to prevent its occurrence successfully.
Hydrogen Production from Enzymatic Pretreated Organic Waste with Thermotoga neapolitana
Authors: Tix Julian , Moll Fabian , Krafft Simone , Betsch Matthias , Tippkötter Nils 
Published: June 2024

Biomass from various types of organic waste was tested for possible use in hydrogen production. The composition consisted of lignified samples, green waste, and kitchen scraps such as fruit and vegetable peels and leftover food. For this purpose, the enzymatic pretreatment of organic waste with a combination of five different hydrolytic enzymes (cellulase, amylase, glucoamylase, pectinase and xylase) was investigated to determine its ability to produce hydrogen (H2) with the hydrolyzate produced here. In course, the anaerobic rod-shaped bacterium T. neapolitana was used for H2 production. First, the enzymes were investigated using different substrates in preliminary experiments. Subsequently, hydrolyses were carried out using different types of organic waste. In the hydrolysis carried out here for 48 h, an increase in glucose concentration of 481% was measured for waste loads containing starch, corresponding to a glucose concentration at the end of hydrolysis of 7.5 g·L−1. In the subsequent set fermentation in serum bottles, a H2 yield of 1.26 mmol H2 was obtained in the overhead space when Terrific Broth Medium with glucose and yeast extract (TBGY medium) was used. When hydrolyzed organic waste was used, even a H2 yield of 1.37 mmol could be achieved in the overhead space. In addition, a dedicated reactor system for the anaerobic fermentation of T. neapolitana to produce H2 was developed. The bioreactor developed here can ferment anaerobically with a very low loss of produced gas. Here, after 24 h, a hydrogen concentration of 83% could be measured in the overhead space.
STUDENT SCIENTIFIC PROBLEM GROUPS AS AN INTEGRAL FACTOR OF PROFESSIONAL TRAINING FOR HIGHER EDUCATION STUDENTS MAJORING IN MUSICAL SPECIALTIES
Authors: Prokopchuk V. , Koreychuk M. 
Published: June 2024

The article addresses the issue of professional training for higher education students majoring in music pedagogical / arts specialties, particularly, focusing on student scientific problem groups and their significance in the professional development of musician students. It also elucidates the peculiarities of research work by higher education students, which is an essential integral component of the educational process.
The article highlights the student scientific problem group as a potent tool for professional training of higher education students in arts specialties. It identifies the functions and tasks of scientific and research work by students in general and the student scientific problem group in particular.
The functioning and work specifics of the student scientific problem group of the Art Film Club «World’s Outstanding Musicians», operating at the Department of Musical Instrument Performance of the Institute of Arts at Rivne State University of Humanities since 2012 are revealed. Particularly, the activities of the Art Film Club encompass purely scientific research, pedagogical, and broadly understood art-historical lines. It optimizes the development of students’ skills in independent creative research work, mastery of research methodology and technology of research skills, and accumulation of experience in research activity. Art Film Club acquaints students with the best examples of performance mastery in world musical art to solve practical educational-performing and educational objectives. It deepens the professional competencies of students, expands knowledge of classical and contemporary musical art, music history, instrumental performance, and more. It forms auditory experience, cultural-aesthetic and performing preferences, develops interpersonal communication culture, particularly, professional, and enhances the level of professional (performing) mastery, and innovative activity in art. It develops skills in public presentation of results of performing and creative research work.
Approaches to Predicting the Course of Periodontitis with Maintenance Therapy (Literature Rewiev)
Authors: Перова М.Д. , Самохвалова Д.Д. , Севостьянов И.А. 
Published: June 2024

Несмотря на обширные исследования ученых разных стран, до настоящего времени не решена проблема диагностики – объективной оценки состояний тканей пародонта и понимания результатов лечения пародонтита в контексте приемлемых исходов. Это значительно усложняет построение прогнозов утраты зубов у пациентов с пародонтитом в отдаленные сроки наблюдений для возможности персонализации поддерживающей пародонтальной терапии. В обзоре представлен современный взгляд на детерминанты здоровья и патологии тканей опорного аппарата зубов, взаимовлияния контролируемых, неконтролируемых и модифицирующих факторов в развитии болезни, экскурс в известные модели расчета периориска, различия ассоциативных и предиктивных моделей прогрессирования воспалительно-деструктивного процесса в пародонте. Проанализированы недостатки построения полезных прогнозов с помощью многомерных моделей логистической регрессии и потенциальные преимущества искусственного интеллекта при включении разнородных входных данных с непрозрачным алгоритмом от пациентов, страдающих пародонтитом.
Despite extensive research by scientists from different countries, the problem of diagnosis – an objective assessment of the conditions of periodontal tissues and understanding the results of periodontitis treatment in the context of acceptable outcomes – has not yet been solved. This significantly complicates the construction of forecasts of teeth loss in patients in the long-term follow-up for a personalized approach in the period of supportive periodontal therapy. The review presents up-to-date data on the determinants of health and pathology of periodontal tissues, the interactions of controlled, uncontrolled and modifying factors in the development of the disease, an excursion of known models for calculating the periorisk, differences in associative and predictive models of the progression of the inflammatory-destructive process in periodontal disease / teeth loss. The disadvantages of constructing useful forecasts using multifactorial logistic regression models and the potential advantages of neural network modeling when including heterogeneous input data from periodontitis patients with an opaque algorithm are analyzed.
SEMAY OL, NUEVA VARIEDAD DE CÁRTAMO OLEICA
Authors: Borbón-Gracia Alberto , Montoya-Coronado Lope , Ochoa-Espinoza Xochilt M. , Aguilera-Molina Néstor A. , Ávila-Casillas Eva , Cota Barreras Carlos I. 
Published: June 2024

El cártamo (Carthamus tinctorius L.) es una especie oleaginosa que presenta gran adaptabilidad por su rusticidad, bajos requerimientos hídricos (Singh et al., 2016) y pocos problemas de plagas. La planta produce semillas con aceite oleico y linoleico de gran calidad; sin embargo, es un cultivo cuyo potencial de producción no se ha explotado (Ávila et al., 2017). La producción mundial de cártamo en el ciclo 2009-2010 fue de 697 mil toneladas de semilla, la más baja de los últimos siete años. Desde entonces se inició un incremento gradual y en el ciclo 2015-2016 se produjeron 981 mil toneladas, lo que representa un aumento del 40.7 %. En el periodo 2009-2016, México participó con el 16.3 % de la producción mundial (FAOSTAT, 2018).
Sacred Geography in the History of Abrahamic Religions of the East
Authors: Панченко К.А. 
Published: June 2024

Статья посвящена перспективным направлениям исследований проблематики сакральной географии. Это понятие включает в себя широкий спектр сюжетов – объекты поклонения, «места силы», календарный цикл праздников, паломничество и сопутствующие ритуалы. Ее предлагается рассматривать не как статичную картину святых мест и религиозных обрядов той или иной этноконфессиональной группы, но изучать в динамике, как процесс постоянного изменения, усложнения или упрощения системы культовых объектов, разрастания или упадка вдохновленного ими литературного творчества. Статья обращается к общим сюжетам эволюции сакральной географии в религиозных традициях иудаизма эпохи Второго храма, различных течений восточного христианства, ислама. Рассматриваются, в частности, факторы, влиявшие на разрастание или деградацию системы мест поклонения той или иной религии, а также такие сюжеты, как феномен святых городов, традиции паломничества, способствующие этнической или над-этнической консолидации, а в некоторых случаях и составлявшие основу самой экономики религиозных структур. Наибольший интерес представляют примеры соперничества за обладание св. местами или почитаемыми реликвиями между религиозными исповеданиями или внутри их, а также за уничтожение в ходе межрелигиозного противоборства вражеских сакральных объектов.
This article focuses on promising avenues of research in the field of sacred geography. This concept encompasses a broad spectrum of topics, including objects of worship, «places of power», the calendar cycle of festivals, pilgrimage, and associated rituals. It is suggested to view sacred geography not merely as a fixed collection of sacred sites and religious practices tied to particular ethno-religious communities, but as a dynamic process characterized by ongoing changes, complexities, or simplifications in the system of revered objects, as well as the expansion or decline of literary creations inspired by them. The article discusses the general themes of sacred geography's evolution within the religious traditions of Second Temple Judaism, various branches of Eastern Christianity, and Islam. In particular, it examines factors influencing the expansion or degradation of worship sites in specific religions, as well as topics such as the phenomenon of holy cities and pilgrimage traditions that foster ethnic or supra-ethnic consolidation, and in some cases, underpin the economies of religious structures. Of particular interest are instances of competition for control over sacred sites or revered relics among or within religious groups, as well as the destruction of sacred objects in inter-religious conflicts.