bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Physiotherapy students' attitudes toward the use of telehealth in clinical practice: A cross‐sectional survey
Authors: Davies Luke , Lawford Belinda J. , Chan Cliffton 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackground and AimsProvision of physiotherapy services using telehealth has drastically increased since the COVID‐19 pandemic and continues to be utilized in clinical practice suggesting telehealth in physiotherapy will become common practice. Prior research has explored the attitudes of physiotherapists with many years of in‐person clinical experience toward telehealth. However, little is known about the emerging workforce's attitudes. This study aims to explore physiotherapy students' attitudes toward the use of telehealth in clinical practice.MethodsA cross‐sectional online survey of physiotherapy students enrolled in the Doctor of Physiotherapy program at Macquarie University between November 2022 and February 2023. Participants rated their level of agreement across 11 statements regarding telehealth use in physiotherapy clinical practice using a 5‐point Likert scale ranging from “strongly disagree” to “strongly agree.” Participants answered two open‐ended questions regarding when they might use telehealth in clinical practice as a physiotherapist and why they believe physiotherapists might be reluctant to use telehealth in clinical practice.ResultsA total of 118 participants completed the survey (response rate 53%). Overall, most participants believed telehealth would continue being offered post‐Covid‐19 (86%, n = 101), participants would use some form of telehealth in clinical practice (82%, n 96), believe a blended approach would be beneficial for patients (84%, n = 99), and were interested in further training in telehealth (90%, n = 107). We identified six broad themes, including accessibility, subsequent consultations, inability to provide manual therapies, limited training/education, perceived ineffectiveness, and digital literacy of the patient.ConclusionOverall physiotherapy students believe telehealth will continue being offered in clinical practice, form part of contemporary physiotherapy practice, and are interested in further training to upskill in the delivery of care via telehealth. Given the continued use and students' demand for future training, it may be time to reimagine the inclusion of telehealth education and training in the entry‐level physiotherapy curriculum.
Assessment of barriers to cancer screening and interventions implemented to overcome these barriers in 27 Latin American and Caribbean countries
Authors: Mosquera Isabel , Barajas Clara B. , Theriault Hannah , Benitez Majano Sara , Zhang Li , Maza Mauricio , Luciani Silvana , Carvalho Andre L. , Basu Partha 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThere is a gap in the understanding of the barriers to cancer screening participation and complying with downstream management in the Community of Latin American and Caribbean states (CELAC). Our study aimed to assess barriers across the cancer screening pathway from the health system perspective, and interventions in place to improve screening in CELAC. A standardized tool was used to collect information on the barriers across the screening pathway through engagement with the health authorities of 27 member states of CELAC. Barriers were organized in a framework adapted from the Tanahashi conceptual model and consisted of the following dimensions: availability of services, access (covering accessibility and affordability), acceptability, user–provider interaction, and effectiveness of services (which includes governance, protocols and guidelines, information system, and quality assurance). The tool also collected information of interventions in place, categorized in user‐directed interventions to increase demand, user‐directed interventions to increase access, provider‐directed interventions, and policy and system‐level interventions. All countries prioritized barriers related to the information systems, such as the population register not being accurate or complete (N = 19; 70.4%). All countries implemented some kind of intervention to improve cancer screening, group education being the most reported (N = 23; 85.2%). Training on screening delivery was the most referred provider‐directed intervention (N = 19; 70.4%). The study has identified several barriers to the implementation of cancer screening in the region and interventions in place to overcome some of the barriers. Further analysis is required to evaluate the effectiveness of these interventions in achieving their objectives.
The multifaceted role of macrophage mitophagy in SiO2‐induced pulmonary fibrosis: A brief review
Authors: Zhou Yu‐ting , Li Shuang , Du Shu‐ling , Zhao Jia‐hui , Cai Ya‐qiong , Zhang Zhao‐qiang 
Published: April 2024

AbstractProlonged exposure to environments with high concentrations of crystalline silica (CS) can lead to silicosis. Macrophages play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of silicosis. In the process of silicosis, silica (SiO2) invades alveolar macrophages (AMs) and induces mitophagy which usually exists in three states: normal, excessive, and/or deficiency. Different mitophagy states lead to corresponding toxic responses, including successful macrophage repair, injury, necrosis, apoptosis, and even pulmonary fibrosis. This is a complex process accompanied by various cytokines. Unfortunately, the details have not been fully systematically summarized. Therefore, it is necessary to elucidate the role of macrophage mitophagy in SiO2‐induced pulmonary fibrosis by systematic analysis on the literature reports. In this review, we first summarized the current data on the macrophage mitophagy in the development of SiO2‐induced pulmonary fibrosis. Then, we introduce the molecular mechanism on how SiO2‐induced mitophagy causes pulmonary fibrosis. Finally, we focus on introducing new therapies based on newly developed mitophagy‐inducing strategies. We conclude that macrophage mitophagy plays a multifaceted role in the progression of SiO2‐induced pulmonary fibrosis, and reprogramming the macrophage mitophagy state accordingly may be a potential means of preventing and treating pulmonary fibrosis.
A comprehensive examination of structural modifications, optical characteristics, and electrochemical analysis of magnesium‐doped dysprosium chromite
Authors: Saleemi Awais Siddique , Albaqami Munirah D. , Mohammad Saikh , Abdullah Ali , Saeed Muhammad 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundThis study focuses on the synthesis of magnesium‐doped dysprosium chromite via a sol‐gel method. The investigation aims to understand the morphological and structural properties of the synthesized nanochromates. Key techniques employed include x‐ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and Raman spectroscopy.AimsThe primary aim is to analyze the structural characteristics of MgxDy1−xCr2O4 nanoparticles with varying Mg doping concentrations (ranging from 0.2 to 0.8). Special attention is given to the crystallinity of the synthesized materials, with the goal of assessing the reliability and reproducibility of the sol‐gel synthesis method.MethodsXRD analysis is employed to identify major diffraction peaks associated with the chromate nanoparticles, providing insights into their crystallinity. SEM imaging allows for the examination of the morphological features of the synthesized materials. Additionally, Raman spectroscopy aids in further understanding the structural properties of the nanochromates.ResultsThe XRD analysis reveals average crystallite sizes for MgxDy1−xCr2O4 nanoparticles at different Mg doping concentrations. Notably, an improvement in crystalline quality is observed with an increase in Mg doping from 0.2 to 0.8, indicating a high level of control achieved in the synthesis process. Cyclic Voltammetry (CV) experiments conducted using a 1M KOH electrolyte and varying scan rates (3 mV/s to 50 mV/s) demonstrate enhanced electrochemical performance of the synthesized nanoparticles.ConclusionThe study concludes that the sol‐gel synthesis method effectively produces MgxDy1−xCr2O4 nanoparticles with controlled morphological and structural properties. The observed improvement in crystalline quality with increasing Mg doping concentration suggests potential applications in fields such as photo‐catalysis, where enhanced crystallinity correlates with improved photo‐catalytic potential for visible light absorption.
Simultaneous removal of mixed pesticides and natural organic matter from surface waters by nitric and chlorosulfonic acid functionalized powdered activated carbon
Authors: Aykut‐Senel Betul , Ozgur Cihan , Bakirdere Sezgin , Kaplan‐Bekaroglu Sehnaz Sule , Ates Nuray 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDSeveral studies have addressed the adsorption of pesticides such as alachlor, acetochlor, metolachlor and fenthion from water and wastewater, yet the interaction of these compounds with natural organic matter (NOM) complicates their effective removal owing to competitive adsorption effects. This study aims to fill this gap by exploring the efficacy of nitric acid and chlorosulfonic acid‐modified activated carbons (ACs) in removing both pesticides and NOM under realistic environmental conditions.RESULTSModifications using nitric acid and chlorosulfonic acid significantly improved the pesticide removal capabilities of Norit SX F Cat (AC1) adsorbents. While both the original and chlorosulfonic acid‐modified adsorbents showed comparable efficacy in pesticide removal, nitric acid‐modified AC Puriss (AC2) adsorbents were less effective. Remarkably, a 100 mg L−1 dose of both original and modified powdered ACs (PACs) removed >98% of all four pesticides from water samples. Additionally, a lower 25 mg L−1 dose effectively achieved similar removal rates, demonstrating their utility as feasible options for water treatment.CONCLUSIONModifying PACs with nitric acid and chlorosulfonic acid has been proven to enhance their structural and adsorptive properties significantly. These modifications led to improved pesticide removal efficiencies, particularly with the chlorosulfonic acid‐modified PACs, which demonstrated superior performance in adsorption tests. The study also highlighted the competitive adsorption posed by low‐molecular‐weight organic substances in water, which compete with pesticides for active adsorption sites. © 2024 The Authors. Journal of Chemical Technology and Biotechnology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).
Experimentally elevated corticosterone increases song output and complexity in common mynas
Authors: Gaviraghi Mussoi Juliane , MacQueen Rebecca A. , Stanley Margaret C. , Cain Kristal E. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractVocalization is an important communication tool that can reflect many aspects of an individual's internal and external condition. This is especially true for birds. Previous research has shown that bird calls and songs change in response to a variety of potential stressors, although the extent and direction of the changes depend on the nature of the stressor and the environment. Circulating glucocorticoids, such as corticosterone, often increase in response to stressors and mediate some of the observed changes via alterations of the individual's physiological state. Acute elevations of corticosterone often occur as a physiological response to short‐term stressors; however, the effects of this elevation on adult vocalizations have not been well documented. Here, we experimentally elevated corticosterone at two different levels using a noninvasive method and examined the effects on the vocal communication of male and female adult common mynas (Acridotheres tristis). Corticosterone elevation temporarily increased song output and some measures of song complexity, while call output decreased. These effects were dosage dependent (higher corticosterone levels had a stronger effect), most evident 40 min after ingestion, and some vocal changes were sex‐specific. Future studies should investigate whether the changes in vocal performance due to elevated glucocorticoids have consequences for the birds' behavior, reproductive success, and survival.
The role of phenotypic plasticity and corticosterone in coping with pond drying conditions in yellow‐bellied toad (Bombina variegata, Linnaeus 1758) tadpoles
Authors: Kijanović Ana , Vukov Tanja , Mirč Marko , Mitrović Aleksandar , Prokić Marko D. , Petrović Tamara G. , Radovanović Tijana B. , Gavrilović Branka R. , Despotović Svetlana G. , Gavrić Jelena P. , Tomašević Kolarov Nataša 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAmphibian larvae inhabiting temporary ponds often exhibit the capacity to accelerate development and undergo metamorphosis in challenging conditions like desiccation. However, not all species exhibit this ability, the yellow‐bellied toad (Bombina variegata) is one such example. The underlying mechanisms behind the inability to accelerate development under desiccation remain largely unexplored. The hypothalamic–pituitary–interrenal (HPI) axis and corticosterone (CORT), which act synergistically with thyroid hormone, are thought to facilitate metamorphosis in response to desiccation stress. In this study, we aimed to investigate whether modification in the HPI axis, particularly CORT levels, contributes to the absence of adaptive plasticity in B. variegata under desiccation stress. The study design included four treatments: high water level, high water level with exogenous CORT, low water level, and low water level with metyrapone (a CORT synthesis inhibitor). The main objective was to evaluate the effects of these treatments on whole‐body corticosterone levels, life history, morphological traits, and oxidative stress parameters during the prometamorphic and metamorphic climax developmental stages. While low water level had no effect on total corticosterone levels, larval period, body condition index, and metamorphic body shape, it negatively affected metamorph size, mass, and growth rate. Our findings suggest that constant exposure to desiccation stress over generations may have led to modifications in the HPI axis activity in B. variegata, resulting in adaptation to changes in water level, evident through the absence of stress response. Consequently, CORT may not be a relevant stress indicator in desiccation conditions for this species.
The correlation between smoking cumulative dose based on Brinkman Index with peak expiratory flow rate
Authors: Mulyawan Erwin , Setiawan Jessica Anastasia 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundIndonesia is the country with the highest prevalence of smokers above 15 years old according to WHO, with a percentage of 76.2%. Smoking‐induced lung damage is characterized by inflammation, leading to the destruction of lung parenchyma and airway obstruction, ultimately worsening lung function parameters. This study aims to find correlation between cumulative dose of smoking based on Brinkman index (BI) with Peak Expiratory Flow Rate (PEFR).MethodsThis is a cross‐sectional correlative study conducted on January–March 2020. Data were collected through history taking and PEFR measured with a peak flowmeter by taking the average of three peak flowmeter measurements, each separated by a 2‐min interval. Inclusion criteria include male active smokers, aged 30 to 40 years, who have had a smoking history for at least 1 year. Exclusion criteria are as follows: uses e‐cigarretes for smoking, has a history of chronic lung diseases such as tuberculosis, pneumonia, post‐COVID‐19 syndrome, asthma, and has not smoked in the last 28 days.ResultsA total of 48 male smokers are included in this study. The mean age of participants was 35.91 years, with a history of smoking of 18.12 years, and 12.5 cigarettes smoked daily. Patients included in this study had BI classified as mild (47.91%), moderate (47.91%), and severe (4.16%). PEFR in patients was classified into green (10.41%), yellow (83.33%), and red (6.25%). Analysis showed significant negative correlation between BI and PEFR (r = −0.721; p < 0.001) suggesting that increasing Brinkman Index may lead to a decrease in PEFR.ConclusionHigher BI correlates with a decrease in PEFR. PEFR may prove to be useful in early detection of reduced pulmonary function. Further trials conducted on larger sample sizes and evaluating other lung function parameters are recommended.
A relation between the cube polynomials of partial cubes and the clique polynomials of their crossing graphs
Authors: Xie Yan‐Ting , Feng Yong‐De , Xu Shou‐Jun 
Published: April 2024

AbstractPartial cubes are the graphs which can be embedded into hypercubes. The cube polynomial of a graph is a counting polynomial of induced hypercubes of , which is defined as , where is the number of induced ‐cubes (hypercubes of dimension ) of . The clique polynomial of is defined as , where () is the number of ‐cliques in and . Equivalently, is exactly the independence polynomial of the complement of . The crossing graph of a partial cube is the graph whose vertices are corresponding to the ‐classes of , and two ‐classes are adjacent in if and only if they cross in . In the present paper, we prove that for a partial cube , and the equality holds if and only if is a median graph. Since every graph can be represented as the crossing graph of a median graph, the above necessary‐and‐sufficient result shows that the study on the cube polynomials of median graphs can be transformed to the one on the clique polynomials of general graphs (equivalently, on the independence polynomials of their complements). In addition, we disprove the conjecture that the cube polynomials of median graphs are unimodal.
Cost‐effectiveness of maribavir versus conventional antiviral therapies for post‐transplant refractory cytomegalovirus infection with or without genotypic resistance: A US perspective
Authors: Schultz Bob G. , Kotton Camille N. , Jutlla Ginita , Ressa Riccardo , de Lacey Tam , Chowdhury Emtiyaz , Bo Tien , Fenu Elisabetta , Gelone Daniele K. , Poirrier Jean‐Etienne , Amorosi Stacey L. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis study evaluated the cost‐effectiveness of maribavir versus investigator‐assigned therapy (IAT; valganciclovir/ganciclovir, foscarnet, or cidofovir) for post‐transplant refractory cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection with or without resistance. A two‐stage Markov model was designed using data from the SOLSTICE trial (NCT02931539), real‐world multinational observational studies, and published literature. Stage 1 (0–78 weeks) comprised clinically significant CMV (csCMV), non‐clinically significant CMV (n‐csCMV), and dead states; stage 2 (78 weeks–lifetime) comprised alive and dead states. Total costs (2022 USD) and quality‐adjusted life years (QALYs) were estimated for the maribavir and IAT cohorts. An incremental cost‐effectiveness ratio was calculated to determine cost‐effectiveness against a willingness‐to‐pay threshold of $100 000/QALY. Compared with IAT, maribavir had lower costs ($139 751 vs $147 949) and greater QALYs (6.04 vs 5.83), making it cost‐saving and more cost‐effective. Maribavir had higher acquisition costs compared with IAT ($80 531 vs $65 285), but lower costs associated with administration/monitoring ($16 493 vs $27 563), adverse events (AEs) ($11 055 vs $16 114), hospitalization ($27 157 vs $33 905), and graft loss ($4516 vs $5081), thus making treatment with maribavir cost‐saving. Maribavir‐treated patients spent more time without CMV compared with IAT‐treated patients (0.85 years vs 0.68 years), leading to lower retreatment costs for maribavir (cost savings: −$42 970.80). Compared with IAT, maribavir was more cost‐effective for transplant recipients with refractory CMV, owing to better clinical efficacy and avoidance of high costs associated with administration, monitoring, AEs, and hospitalizations. These results can inform healthcare decision‐makers on the most effective use of their resources for post‐transplant refractory CMV treatment.
Meniscal allograft transplantation: A matched‐pair analysis reveals worse sport activity level but similar clinical improvement and survival in women compared to men
Authors: Romandini Iacopo , Lucidi Gian Andrea , Altovino Emanuele , Salerno Manuela , Filardo Giuseppe , Grassi Alberto , Zaffagnini Stefano 
Published: April 2024

AbstractPurposeThe aim of this study was to assess how gender might affect the clinical outcome and survival of meniscal allograft transplantation (MAT).MethodsA total of 358 patients (23.2% women, 76.8% men) were treated with fresh‐frozen nonirradiated allografts implantated arthroscopically using a single‐ or double‐tunnel technique without bone plugs and peripheral suture to the capsule with ‘all‐inside’ stitches.ResultsPatients were evaluated at baseline and 2‐year follow‐up with the Lysholm score, visual analogue scale (VAS) pain, the Knee Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) subscales and Tegner score. Women presented higher body mass index (p < 0.0005), poorer baseline VAS (p = 0.012), Lysholm score (p = 0.005), KOOS symptom (p = 0.034) and KOOS pain (p = 0.030), Tegner score (preinjury and basal, p < 0.0001 and p = 0.002, respectively), a lower number of previous (p = 0.039) and concurrent (p = 0.001) anterior cruciate ligament reconstructions and a higher number of concurrent procedures (p = 0.032) and distal femoral osteotomies (p = 0.024). Worse results were documented in women at 2 years, with lower Lysholm score (p = 0.024) and Tegner score (p = 0.007) and a lower clinical survival rate (p = 0.03) (67.5% vs. 82.2%) in the overall patient cohort. However, the matched‐pair analysis only confirmed a lower Tegner score value at 2 years (p = 0.016), while underlying the interplay of sex, age and concomitant cartilage lesions in determining the clinical outcome. The analysis of this large series of patients affected by postmeniscectomy syndrome and treated with MAT revealed gender differences.ConclusionWhile both genders benefited from a significant improvement, the female population presents more often with older age, concomitant cartilage lesions and a lower activity level, all factors contributing towards a lower clinical success after MAT.Level of EvidenceLevel III, comparative study.