bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Central corneal thickness (CCT) and intraocular pressure (IOP) in myopic adult Chinese
Authors: KACHANOV A , BALASHEVICH L , BAUER S , ZIMIN B , GOLOVATENKO S , TIEHUI Z , WANG X 
Published: September 2009

Abstract Purpose To investigate CCT and IOP in myopic adult Chinese and to estimate its relationship with age, refraction, sex before excimer surgery in Eye Department of Daqing People’s Hospital (the 5‐th Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University). Methods We studied a series of 402 healthy eyes of 201 patients (76 male /37.8%/, 125 female /62.2%/) who underwent excimer surgery for the correction of myopia with the sphere up to ‐13.5.0 D and the cylinder to ‐4.50 D. All ophthalmic investigations were made including pneumotonometry (“”Canon” TX‐10 and T‐F) and ultrasound (US‐) corneal pakhymetry with CCT‐measurements (“Nidek” UP‐1000). We performed accurate statistical analysis by using “Statistica” program. Results The age of our patients was 26.5+/‐6.3 years. UCVA and BCVA of all patients were 0.13+/‐0.09 and 0.97+/‐0.09 consequently. The results showed that mean US‐CCT of our male patients was 548.03+/‐29.12 microns. But mean CCT of our female patients was 537.77+/‐32.09 microns, 10.26 microns less than that of male patients (p<0.01). The mean IOP of male participants was 16.23+/‐2.94 mm Hg, and mean IOP of female participants was 14.82+/‐2.74 mm Hg (p<0.01). Conclusion Our results confirmed some data (P. Li et al., 2006) that mean US‐CCT of male patients was statistically significant more than such measurements in female ones in myopic adult Chinese. We revealed that pneumotonometric IOP was positively related to US‐CCT (r>0.85). None of the authors has no financial interest in this work.
Comparison of morphometric and morphological OCT Visante and UBM potential in anterior segment imaging
Authors: MILKA M , WYLEGALA E 
Published: September 2009

Abstract Purpose To compare anterior segment modalities such as Visante OCT and UBM as an important tool for assessing anterior segment examination. Methods 166 patients (96 women and 70 men, mean age 54,32± 9,92 years) various pathologies in anterior segment area and after refractive and glaucoma surgery were examined with both OCT Visante (Zeiss) and UBM (QuantelMedical). In the above examination, we have compared sectored b‐scan image, made by 50Hz UBM head (patient in horizontal position) to scan image displaying anterior chamber (ac‐scan), made by OCT Visante device (patient sitting). Results Both devices promise quantitative information and imaging of corneal pathologies, keratoplasty results and follow up also anterior chamber imaging, direct angle visualization, lens pathologies, diagnostic and postoperative results of cataract and glaucoma. Bland&Altman analysis has shown, that results obtained by UBM in comparison to Visante OCT in anterior chamber depth measurement (AC) were averagely higher by 0.21mm (± 1.96 SD= 0.30) in case of PKP and 0.2mm (± 1.96 SD= 0.23) in case of lamellar keratoplasty. The results for filtration angle measurement, were averagely higher by 3.3 degrees(± 1.96 SD= 4.30) in case of PKP, and 3.4 degrees(± 1.96 SD= 3.9) in case of lamellar keratoplasty. Calculations obtained by ultrasound biomicroscope were slightly higher, however there was no significant statistic difference. Conclusion Both used devices are helpful in clinical practice, however OCT Visante, with high resolution scanes and as a non contact device with shorter examination time is more usefull in every day practice. Moreover UBM is an indispensable tool for anterior segment tumors involving ciliary body.
Nanostructural properties of intraocular lenses (IOLs) – atomic force microscopy (AFM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) investigations
Authors: WYLEGALA E , MROZ I , JASTRZEBSKA M , WRZALIK R , MILKA M 
Published: September 2009

Abstract Purpose To investigate and analyze surface of explanted intraocular lenses (IOL‐s), by means of the Atomic Force Microscope (AFM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Methods Eight dry IOL‐s (acrylic: SN60AT – 3 pieces, SA60AT , CZ70BD; silicone: CLRFLXC; “hard”: AJPR,CP65T), and four hydrophilic acrylic IOL‐s (AC‐IOL and PC‐ IOL, both: naïve and removed during keratoplasty) were imaged (topography and phase) with AFM. AFM is used to investigate, at nanoscale, the surfaces’ topography and some nanomechanical properties (eg. elasticity, hardness) of materials in medicine. The samples can be investigated in quasi‐physiological conditions, usually no damaging preparation is required. For the acrylic and “hard” lenses the granular nanostructure is observed. The roughness of the lenses’ surfaces can be then assessed. The silicone lens is soft: the forces of nanonewtons applied during imaging cause strong deformations of the material. Results Nanomechanical properties of PC‐IOL lens are not uniform. This may be advantageous for its calcification: for the lens of the same type removed during keratoplasty strong calcification is observed. For SN60AT lens the influence of the application process (folding) on its nanostructure is tested. The observed structural nano‐defects are permanent, they can occur during folding or can be caused by the used equipement. The similar nano‐deformations are observed for the removed AC‐IOL lens. Conclusion AFM and FTIR showed to be a high‐resolution imaging tool for the scanning of surface IOL.
Hardness of a crystalline lens and accommodation
Authors: CHUPROV A , KUDRYAVTSEVA Y , KUDRYAVTSEV V 
Published: September 2009

Abstract Purpose to estimate influence of mechanical characteristics of a crystalline lens on accommodation possibility Methods At 56 patients with a various condition of a crystalline lens we defined amplitude of accommodation by a method of finding of the nearest and far points. Mechanical properties of a crystalline lens defined by the original ultrasonic method. At the heart of a method, use of the information which formed at distribution of a mechanical wave in non‐uniform environments. Results We revealed the strong inverse negative relationship between volume of accommodation and hardness of a crystalline lens nucleus ‐ the factor of correlation was equal ‐0,63 (? <0,01). Conclusion One of the reasons of the accommodation worsening is the increase of a crystalline lens mechanical hardness
Photorefractive keratectomy FAREK in Chinese patients with myopia
Authors: KACHANOV A , BALASHEVICH L , GOLOVATENKO S , TIEHUI Z , WANG X , BAUER S , ZIMIN B 
Published: September 2009

Abstract Purpose To estimate the visual and refractive outcomes of simultaneous bilateral PRK (FAREK) for the correction of difficult cases of high myopia with steepest and very thin cornea in Chinese patients. Methods We studied a series of 38 eyes of 19 patients who underwent simultaneous bilateral PRK (FAREK) for the correction of myopia with the sphere up to ‐15.6 D and the cylinder to ‐2.75 D in difficult cases with the steepest and very thin cornea. Coefficient K2 was up to 49,0D and central corneal thickness was 504.3+/‐33.5 microns. Simultaneous bilateral PRK by using Mytomicin C, soft contact lenses, cooling effects was performed by Russian surgeons with the NIDEK EC‐5000. Follow‐up period was up to 3 months. The age of our patients was 25.2+/‐5.3 years. Pre‐op UCVA and BCVA were 0.12+/‐0.10 and 0.94+/‐0.14 consequently. Results Day of epithelization was 3.3+/‐0.8. Post‐op UCVA was 0.48+/‐0.18 in the epithelization’ day, 0.63+/‐0.21 in the first week, 0.79+/‐0.25 in the first month and 0.89+/‐0.25 in the third month after FAREK. Pre‐op IOP was 13.9+/‐2.9 mm Hg. Post‐op IOP was 8.2+/‐1.8 in the epithelization’ day, 7.8+/‐1.6 in the first week, 9.7+/‐2.2 in the first month and 10.0+/‐2.3 in the third month. UCVA was equal or more than 1.0 in 2.6% in the epithelization’ day, 13.8% in the first week and 41.6% in the first month after FAREK. There were no serious complications including hypertensions in all cases. Conclusion We called our method FAREK – fast recovery excimer keratectomy. FAREK is a safe, reliable and effective method for the correction of difficult cases of high myopia with steepest and very thin cornea in Chinese patients. None of the authors has no financial interest in this work.
What do patients with glaucoma do when they search and look at everyday scenes?
Authors: SMITH ND , GARWAY‐HEATH DF , CRABB DP 
Published: September 2009

Abstract Purpose To test the hypothesis that patients with bilateral glaucoma exhibit different eye movements compared to normally‐sighted subjects when viewing computer displayed photographs, or searching for features or items within them. Methods Thirteen glaucoma patients and 17 age‐matched subjects with normal vision viewed 28 randomised digital photographs of various everyday scenes displayed on a computer screen for 3 seconds each. Subjects were instructed to view the images as they would when looking at a slideshow. The subjects then viewed another set of images, but were timed to find a feature or item in the scene. Eye movements were simultaneously recorded using an Eyetracking system. Results In the passive viewing experiment, there was a significant reduction in the average number of saccades for glaucoma patients compared to controls (p<0.0001). In addition, average fixation duration was longer and the average area scanned was more restricted in patients compared to controls. In the search task glaucoma patients took, on average, longer to find the objects (p<0.0001) compared to controls. For this task, saccades were still reduced in number. In some cases, individual scanning patterns appeared related to the type and nature of the binocular visual field defect. Conclusion Eye movement behaviour in patients with glaucomatous defects in both eyes differ from normal‐sighted subjects when viewing images and photographs. These patients with glaucoma find it more difficult to locate items within scenes compared to normally sighted subjects. Acknowledgements: This work is generously supported by an unrestricted grant from the Special Trustees of Moorfields Eye Hospital.
A variant TGFBI corneal dystrophy from G623D mutation with an unusual amyloidogenic phenotype
Authors: AGOSTINI HT , AUW‐HäDRICH C 
Published: September 2009

Abstract Purpose To present a unique corneal dystrophy never before described in a German family carrying the Gly623Asp mutation of the TGFBI gene with late clinical onset. Methods Clinical documentation and isolation of genomic DNA from peripheral blood leucocytes were obtained from each family member examined. Exons 3, 4, 5, and 11 to 14 of the TGFBI gene were sequenced. 5 corneal buttons of 3 affected siblings were excised at the time of penetrating keratoplasty. Light and electron microscopic examination were performed including immunohistochemistry with antibodies against Keratoepithelin (KE) 2 and 15. Results Specimens showed changes in Bowman's layer and the adjacent stroma. Congo red‐positive amyloid deposits were found within the epithelium in one cornea, in Bowman's layer and in the anterior stroma of all specimens, also showing KE2‐ but not KE15‐immunostaining. EM revealed deposits located in the anterior stroma and Bowman's layer and the basal area of some epithelial cells. These areas were strongly Alcian blue‐positive but negative in the Masson‐Trichrom‐stain. Only affected patients had a heterozygous missense mutation in exon 14 of the TGFBI gene (G‐>A transition at nucleotide 1915) with the change Gly623Asp in the keratoepithelin protein. Conclusion In contrast to the patient carrying the Gly623Asp mutation of the TGFBI gene described by Afshari et al., our cases presented with Salzmann nodular degeneration like clinical features with KE2 positive amyloid. The reason for this now "meeting the expectation histological phenotype" is unclear. The histological findings emphasize that this is a unique corneal dystrophy which shares no clinical characteristics with Reis‐Bücklers dystrophy and should be treated as a distinct entity.
TGFBI gene mutations in Hungary – polymorphic corneal amyloidosis caused by the novel F547S mutation
Authors: BERTA A , LOSONCZY G , TAKACS L 
Published: September 2009

Abstract Purpose To identify mutations in the Transforming Growth Factor Beta Induced (TGFBI) gene in Hungarian patients with corneal dystrophy and to characterize their histological features. Methods Exons of TGFBI gene were sequenced in 38 members of 15 unrelated families with corneal dystrophy. Exon 12 was sequenced in 100 healthy controls. Immunohistological analysis of corneal buttons excised during penetrating keratoplasty was performed. Results Molecular genetic analysis revealed a heterozygous R124C mutation in 18 patients with lattice type I dystrophy. A R555W heterozygous mutation was detected in five patients with granular Groenouw type I corneal dystrophy and the R555Q heterozygous mutation was found in four patients clinically diagnosed with Reis‐Bücklers (one patient) and Thiel‐Behnke (three patients) dystrophy. Three patients with “atypical granular” dystrophy later diagnosed as Avellino dystrophy were heterozygous for the R124H mutation. No other than the novel heterozygous T1640C mutation causing the F547S amino acid exchange was detected in a patient with polymorphic corneal amyloidosis. The mutation could not be found in healthy controls. Immunohistochemistry showed the presence of BIGH3 protein deposits in all examined corneal buttons. Electron microscopy confirmed the presence of amyloid fibrils in the case of the novel mutation. Conclusion Our results indicate that molecular genetic analysis is required to confirm the diagnosis of corneal dystrophies. We report the first cases of Avellino dystrophy from Central‐Eastern Europe. The novel F547S mutation causes polymorphic corneal amyloidosis.
Evaluation of the improvement of sensibility with the new IOL Master software version 5.4.3
Authors: GALLEGO‐PINAZO R , DIAZ‐LLOPIS M , PARDO‐LOPEZ D , LOPEZ‐PRATS M , SANZ‐MARCO E , LOPEZ‐LIZCANO R , GARCIA‐DELPECH S , UDAONDO‐MIRETE P 
Published: September 2009

Abstract Purpose To evaluate the improvement of sensibility of the new IOL‐Master version 5.4.3 compared with the version 4.08. Methods 214 eyes of 115 patients were examined in a cataract preoperative evaluation making use of both IOL‐Master software versions 5.4.3 and 4.08. The type and severity of the lens opacification was assessed by slitlamp biomicroscopy. Results In 182 of the eyes examined both versions were capable to determine the AL; in 29 the version 4.01 could not determine AL whereas the version 5.4.3 was able to measure it; these cases showed posterior capsular cataract (16), dense nuclear cataract (11), posterior synechiae (1) and asteroid hyalosis (1). Finally, the AL of 3 eyes could not only be evaluated with none of the two softwares; these cases showed brunescent cataract (2) and moderate vitreous hemorrhage (1). Conclusion The 5.4.3 software version incorporated in the new IOL‐Master improves the sensibility from 85,04% to 98,59% when compared to the previous version 4.08 in the capability of measuring AL.
Aspheric intraocular lenses: effect of residual spherical aberration on objective quality of vision
Authors: NOCHEZ Y , FAVARD A , MAJZOUB S , PISELLA PJ 
Published: September 2009

Abstract Purpose To assess the impact of residual spherical aberration (SA) on objective quality of vision in pseudophakic patients. Methods 15 patients (25 eyes) were divided into 2 groups: 13 eyes received an aspherical AcriSmart36A® generating a negative SA, 12 eyes received a zero‐aberration AcriSmart46LC®. Postoperative evaluations were conducted 6 months after a 1.8mm micro incision cataract surgery. Aberrometric measurements were done for a standardized pupil size of 5 mm in mesopic conditions using Wavescan Aberrometer®. Modulation Transfer Function (MTF), Strehl ratio and depth of field were measured with Objective Quality Analysis System®. Results Best corrected 100% LogMar distance visual acuity (BCVA) was similar in both groups (p=0.89). 20% and 9% BCVA was increased in 36A® group (p=0.009 and 0.005). Mesopic contrast sensitivity was better and total spherical aberration were significantly less with 36A® IOL(SA=0.075±0.05 μm with 36A® and 0.20±0.05 μm with 46LC®,p=0,0002). Coma and trefoil were not different between the two groups (p>0,05). 36A® induced better image quality with an average MTF of 32.7±9.6 c/deg with 36A® and 23.8±8.1 c/deg with 46LC®, p=0.0002. The 36A® group had 1D less depth of focus than the 46LC® group at 6 months : respectively 1.3±0.59D and 2.27±0.63D. For the whole population, depth of focus appeared to be correlated with SA (r2=0.28, p=0.02) and with trefoil (r2=0.49, p=0.0009). Conclusion While reducing total ocular SA, aspheric IOLs improved mesopic contrast sensitivity, quality of vision with greater MTF values. Reduction of aberrations may be responsible for reduced depth of focus with 36A® IOLs. However, residual trefoil aberrations may be advantageous for depth of focus and reading ability.
New perspectives of optical coherrence tomography in diagnosis and follow‐up of macular holes
Authors: KABANAROU SA , XIROU T , KOURENTIS C , KIDESS A , FERETIS E 
Published: September 2009

Abstract Purpose To compare Time Domain (TD) with Spectral Domain (SD) OCT for imaging macular holes, identify retinal pathology and correlate anatomical morphology after surgical intervention for hole closure with visual outcome. Methods 34 eyes of 34 patients with idiopathic macular holes stage II‐ IV were included in this study. Comparative studies were performed with both SD OCT (Heidelberg, Germany) and TD OCT (Stratus) using standard scanning protocols of 6 radial 6‐mm scans through the fovea. All patients underwent a standard three port‐ pars plana vitrectomy. Postoperatively, all patients were evaluated using both OCTs. ETDRS visual acuities were recorded pre‐ and post‐operatively. Results In general TD and SD OCTs showed comparable images of macular holes. However, the boundary line between the inner and outer segments of the photoreceptors was better imaged with the SD OCT preoperatively and postoperatively. Poor visual acuity postoperatively was measured mainly in cases with morphological disruption in this boundary line despite hole closure. Conclusion SD OCT imaging enhances the visualization of retinal anatomy in macular holes relative to TD OCT.
Macular hole surgery with and without internal limiting membrane peeling
Authors: KOURENTIS C , XIROU T , KABANAROU SA , KIDESS A , FERETIS E 
Published: September 2009

Abstract Purpose To compare the results of surgery for idiopathic macular hole with or without the surgical removal of the internal limiting membrane (ILM) and the effect on anatomical and functional success rates. Methods 41 consecutive patients with idiopathic macular hole stage II (n=11), III (n=22) and IV (n=8) underwent pars plana vitrectomy and intraocular gas tamponade in this study. The surgery was performed either with ILM peeling,Group A (n=28), or without, Group B (n=13). Ocular coherence tomography and ETDRS visual acuity were measured pre‐ and postoperatively to assess macular hole size and anatomical hole closure as well as visual function. Results The postoperative macular hole closure rate was 100% (28/28) in Group A and 84,6% (11/13) in Group B. The 2 cases that failed to close with primary surgery had a hole size greater than 400µm. There was no significant difference between the two groups in the postoperative visual outcome once anatomical success was achieved. Conclusion The study suggests that more evidence based trials are necessary to investigate the benefit of ILM peeling especially in the treatment of larger macular holes.
Sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) versus perfluoropropane (C3F8) gas tamponade for macular hole surgery
Authors: STEFANIOTOU M 
Published: September 2009

Abstract Purpose In Macular Hole surgery gas tamponade is hypothesized to enhance macular hole closure after removal of tangential force. Sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) was described in the initial report of Macular Hole surgery (MHS). Long lasting gas (such as C3F8) may offer more extensive tamponade . To compare outcomes of Macular Hole Surgery using SF6 gas versus C3F8 gas for idiopathic macular hole repair. Methods A consecutive group of patients undergoing MHS with SF6 group A (24 eyes of 24 patients) and a consecutive comparison group B with S3F8 was used (19 eyes of 19 patients). All patients had PP Vitrectomy, ILM peeling, using Kenacort or Blue and two different gases for internal tamponade. Results The macular hole closure rate was similar in both groups. Conclusion Macular Hole surgery using SF6 gas yields similar results as with C3F8 gas and may be a good option.
A bilateral congenital pits of the optic nerve head. A case report
Authors: VILLAFRUELA I , CLARIANA A , RIVAS O , FERNADEZ A , BORREGO R , COLAS T , ARTEAGA P , CACHO L 
Published: September 2009

Abstract Purpose The authors report a patient with a multiple optic nerve head pit Methods A bilateral optic nerve head pit was found in a woman patient of 55 years old without macular retinal detachment. An 8‐microm axial resolution prototype spectral domain optical coherence tomography (OCT) and stereo fundus photography were used to observe the patient. The visual acuity remained stable at 20/20. Results The pits of the optic nerve head is a congenital anomaly of the eye and it is attributed to incomplete closure of the foetal fissure.The prevalence is 1: 10000 eyes. This depression is frequently situated in the temporal or infra‐temporal region of the optic disc. There is usually only one pit per optic disc, although two or three occasionally occur. Optic pits are unilateral in 85‐90% of cases. Visual acuity usually remains unaffected unless the patient develops a serous non‐rhegmatogenous retinal detachment of the macula (over 60% of eyes). Visual fields characteristics of pits were found in our patient. Conclusion High resolution OCT technology and appropriate imaging software is able to observe changes of the micro architecture of the optic nerve as this unusual pits bilateral.
Predicted long‐term outcome of corneal transplantation
Authors: BORDERIE VM 
Published: September 2009

Abstract Purpose To analyze graft survival and the outcome of the corneal endothelium after corneal transplantation in a single model to predict the long‐term prognosis of these grafts. Methods Cohort study. Data were prospectively recorded and then analyzed retrospectively. Participants: One thousand one hundred and forty‐four consecutive eyes of 1,144 patients who underwent corneal transplantation between 1992 and 2006. Interventions: Penetrating keratoplasties and deep anterior lamellar keratoplasties. Main Outcome Measures: Slit lamp examination and wide‐field specular microscopy. A joint analysis of endothelial cell loss and time to graft failure was undertaken. From mid‐term simultaneous analysis of graft survival and endothelial cell loss, long‐term graft survival was predicted. Results The observed 5‐ and 10‐year graft survival estimates were, respectively, 74% and 64%. The average endothelial cell density (cell loss) was 2,270 cells/mm2 preoperatively, 1,058 cells/mm2 (‐53%) during the 6th post‐operative year, and 865 (‐61%) cells/mm2 during the 10th post‐operative year. Overall, the predicted graft survival estimate was 27% at 20 years and 2% at 30 years. Both observed and predicted graft survival were higher in patients with lamellar keratoplasty than in patients with penetrating keratoplasty and normal recipient endothelium and higher in patients with penetrating keratoplasty and normal recipient endothelium than in patients with penetrating keratoplasty and impaired recipient endothelium. Conclusion For corneal diseases involving the endothelium, penetrating keratoplasty appears to be a good therapeutic approach in elderly patients as the graft lifespan may be similar to the patient life expectancy. Conversely, for younger patients, penetrating keratoplasty is only a mid‐term therapeutic approach. For corneal diseases not involving the endothelium, deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty appears to be a promising therapeutic approach with higher long‐term expected survival.