bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
HII Regions of NGC 628 and M101 as seen with SpIOMM
Authors: Rousseau-Nepton Laurie , Robert Carmelle , Drissen Laurent 
Published: December 2011

AbstractWith SpIOMM, we obtained numerous spectra in the visible range covering simultaneously several emission lines of bright Hii regions in the spiral galaxies NGC 628 and M101. We measured the size and luminosity of the Hii regions as well as the gas metallicity, temperature, and density. We estimated the age and star forming rate of the young stellar populations associated with the Hii regions. We looked for gradients along the galaxy radius and search for relations with the galactic arm positions. This is a first step in a project, based on a detailed study of stellar populations, to rebuild the history of spiral galaxies and to identify the mechanisms responsible for their evolution.
The Evolution of the Baryonic Tully-Fisher Relation over the past 6 Gyr
Authors: Puech M. , Hammer F. , Flores H. , Delgado-Serrano R. , Rodrigues M. , Yang Y. 
Published: December 2011

AbstractScaling relations are salient ingredients of galaxy evolution and formation models. I summarize results from the IMAGES survey, which combines spatially-resolved kinematics from FLAMES/GIRAFFE with imaging from HST/ACS and other facilities. Specifically, I will focus on the evolution of the stellar mass and baryonic Tully-Fisher Relations (TFR) from z = 0.6 down to z = 0. We found a significant evolution in zero point and scatter of the stellar mass TFR compared to the local Universe. Combined with gas fractions derived by inverting the Schmidt-Kennicutt relation, we derived for the first time a baryonic TFR at high redshift. Conversely to the stellar mass TFR, the baryonic relation does not appear to evolve in zero point, which suggests that most of the reservoir of gas converted into stars over the past 6 Gyr was already gravitationally bound to galaxies at z = 0.6.
Seeking Completeness for high-z ULIRGs: from SCUBA to Herschel
Authors: Casey Caitlin M. 
Published: December 2011

AbstractSelection effects in the submillimeter/far-infrared inhibit detailed analysis of extreme starbursts in the early Universe. Submillimeter Galaxy (SMG) detection and characterization biases against warm temperature SEDs Tdust ~50 K, against the highest redshift ULIRGs z > 3, and has so far been limited to a small sample of ~100 sources that have reliably identified optical or radio counterparts and spectroscopic redshifts. Recent observations by Herschel ⋅ ⋅ ⋅ ⋅ and ⋅ ⋅ ⋅⋅ ⋅ in the ~70–500 μm wavelength range provide a more complete census of high-z ULIRG activity than previous SMG surveys. However, source confusion and lack of spectroscopic identification of reliable counterparts limit the analysis of extreme ULIRGs to the most basic calculations, frought with a priori assumptions (e.g. Tdust/(1+z) degeneracy, far-IR/radio relation, confusion boosting factors, etc). Herein I address the biases on conclusions of SMG work and I demonstrate the need for thorough, spectroscopic follow-up of high-z ULIRGs in order to infer their physical conditions.
Lyman Break Analogs: Constraints on the Formation of Extreme Starbursts at Low and High Redshift
Authors: Gonçalves Thiago S. , Overzier Roderik , Basu-Zych Antara , Martin D. Christopher 
Published: December 2011

AbstractLyman Break Analogs (LBAs), characterized by high far-UV luminosities and surface brightnesses as detected by GALEX, are intensely star-forming galaxies in the low-redshift universe (z ~ 0.2), with star formation rates reaching up to 50 times that of the Milky Way. These objects present metallicities, morphologies and other physical properties similar to higher redshift Lyman Break Galaxies (LBGs), motivating the detailed study of LBAs as local laboratories of this high-redshift galaxy population. We present results from our recent integral-field spectroscopy survey of LBAs with Keck/OSIRIS, which shows that these galaxies have the same nebular gas kinematic properties as high-redshift LBGs. We argue that such kinematic studies are not an appropriate diagnostic to rule out merger events as the trigger for the observed starburst. Comparison between the kinematic analysis and morphological indices from HST imaging illustrates the difficulties of properly identifying (minor or major) merger events, with no clear correlation between the results using either of the two methods. Artificial redshifting of our data indicates that this problem becomes even worse at high redshift due to surface brightness dimming and resolution loss. Whether mergers could generate the observed kinematic properties is strongly dependent on gas fractions in these galaxies. We present preliminary results of a CARMA survey for LBAs and discuss the implications of the inferred molecular gas masses for formation models.
Ages of Globular Cluster Systems and the Relation to Galaxy Morphology
Authors: Chies-Santos A. L. , Larsen S. S. , Kuntschner H. , Anders P. , Wehner E. M. , Strader J. , Brodie J. P. , Santos J. F. C. 
Published: December 2011

AbstractWe investigate the age distributions of GC systems in 14 E/S0 galaxies by carrying out a differential comparison of the (g–z) vs. (g–K) two-colour diagrams for different GC systems. No significant distinction is detected in the mean ages of GCs among elliptical galaxies. S0 galaxies on the other hand, show evidence for younger GCs. Surprisingly, this appears to be driven by the more metal-poor clusters. This is suggestive of E type galaxies having assembled most of their GCs in a shorter and earlier period than lenticular galaxies. The latter galaxy type, seems to have a more extended period of GC formation/assembly.
Highly-luminous Cool Core Clusters of Galaxies: Mechanically-driven or Radiatively-driven AGN?
Authors: Hlavacek-Larrondo Julie , Fabian Andy 
Published: December 2011

AbstractCool core clusters of galaxies require strong feedback from their central AGN to offset cooling. We present a study of strong cool core, highly-luminous (most with Lx ≥ 1045 erg s−1), clusters of galaxies in which the mean central AGN jet power must be very high yet no central point X-ray source is detected. Using the unique spatial resolution of Chandra, a sample of 13 clusters is analysed, including A1835, A2204, and one of the most massive cool core clusters, RXCJ1504.1-0248. All of the central galaxies host a radio source, indicating an active nucleus, and no obvious X-ray point source. For all clusters in the sample, the nucleus has an X-ray bolometric luminosity below 2 per cent of that of the entire cluster. We investigate how these clusters can have such strong X-ray luminosities, short radiative cooling-times of the inner intracluster gas requiring strong energy feedback to counterbalance that cooling, and yet have such radiatively-inefficient cores with, on average, Lkin/Lnuc exceeding 200. Explanations of this puzzle carry significant implications for the origin and operation of jets, as well as on establishing the importance of kinetic feedback for the evolution of galaxies and their surrounding medium.
Allosteric antibody inhibition of human hepsin protease
Authors: Koschubs Tobias , Dengl Stefan , Dürr Harald , Kaluza Klaus , Georges Guy , Hartl Christiane , Jennewein Stefan , Lanzendörfer Martin , Auer Johannes , Stern Alvin , Huang Kuo-Sen , Packman Kathryn , Gubler Ueli , Kostrewa Dirk , Ries Stefan , Hansen Silke , Kohnert Ulrich , Cramer Patrick , Mundigl Olaf 
Published: December 2011

Hepsin is a type II transmembrane serine protease that is expressed in several human tissues. Overexpression of hepsin has been found to correlate with tumour progression and metastasis, which is so far best studied for prostate cancer, where more than 90% of such tumours show this characteristic. To enable improved future patient treatment, we have developed a monoclonal humanized antibody that selectively inhibits human hepsin and does not inhibit other related proteases. We found that our antibody, hH35, potently inhibits hepsin enzymatic activity at nanomolar concentrations. Kinetic characterization revealed non-linear, slow, tight-binding inhibition. This correlates with the crystal structure we obtained for the human hepsin–hH35 antibody Fab fragment complex, which showed that the antibody binds hepsin around α3-helix, located far from the active centre. The unique allosteric mode of inhibition of hH35 is distinct from the recently described HGFA (hepatocyte growth factor activator) allosteric antibody inhibition. We further explain how a small change in the antibody design induces dramatic structural rearrangements in the hepsin antigen upon binding, leading to complete enzyme inactivation.
Relative age effects in Swiss junior soccer and their relationship with playing position
Authors: Romann Michael , Fuchslocher Jörg 
Published: December 2011

AbstractRelative age effects (RAEs) refer to age differences between children in the same selection year. The present study investigated the prevalence of RAEs and their link to playing positions in Swiss junior soccer. Swiss male junior soccer players (n=50,581) representing 11% of the age‐matched population – members of extra‐curricular soccer teams – were evaluated to determine the influence of RAEs on Swiss junior soccer. Subgroups were the national talent development programme (n=2880), and U‐15 to U‐21 national teams (n=630). While no RAEs were found for the self‐selected extra‐curricular soccer teams or for the U‐20 teams (P>0.05), significant RAEs were found for talent development and the national U‐15 to U‐19 and U‐21 teams (P<0.01). Additionally, defenders born early in the year were significantly overrepresented compared with goalkeepers, midfielders and strikers (P<0.05). In Switzerland, RAEs apparently have substantial influence on the talent identification process for U‐15 to U‐18 teams, significantly influencing the selection of players in talent development teams already at an early age, but do not influence self‐selected participation in extra‐curricular soccer. Additionally, the RAE bias may be a predictor of playing positions in national teams. To minimise RAEs in Swiss soccer, systematic education for all coaches regarding RAEs should be established, in addition to a slotting system with rotating calendar cut‐off dates.
Depletion of complement does not impact initiation of xenobiotic‐induced autoimmune disease
Authors: Cauvi David M. , Toomey Christopher B. , Pollard K. Michael 
Published: December 2011

SummaryDeficiency in Daf1, a complement regulatory protein, has been shown to exacerbate development of various autoimmune diseases and recent studies have suggested that this may be explained by Daf1 acting to limit T‐cell hyper‐responsiveness. It has been suggested that the absence of Daf1 aggravates autoimmune disease in a complement‐dependent manner, but others have shown that activation of T cells in the absence of Daf1 can be complement independent. However, the relationship between Daf1, complement components, lymphocyte activation, cytokine expression and antibody production remains to be determined in mice that are not Daf1 deficient. We have recently demonstrated, in murine mercury‐induced autoimmunity (mHgIA), that an accumulation of CD44high Daflow CD4+ T cells is associated with the development of autoimmunity. In this study we observed that complement depletion does not affect the accumulation of activated CD4+ T cells, elevation of splenic interleukin‐4 expression and autoantibody production in mHgIA. In addition, neither the accumulation of CD44high Daflow CD4+ T cells nor the down‐regulation of Daf1 expression on CD4+ T cells was influenced by a lack of complement. In conclusion, these studies show that initiating events in xenobiotic‐induced autoimmunity, including lymphocyte activation, cytokine expression and autoantibody production, are not dependent on complement.
Automated tephritid fruit fly semiochemical mass feeding structure: design, construction and testing
Authors: Tan L. T. , Tan K. H. 
Published: December 2011

AbstractResearch has shown that exposure to semiochemicals significantly improves the mating performance of males from some of the most economically important agricultural tephritid fruit fly pests species. There is consequently a growing awareness of the need to include a pre‐release semiochemical treatment in sterile insect technique pest control programmes, to ensure optimal sexual performance of sterile male flies vis‐à‐vis wild males and to ensure their survival in the wild. This is, however, not a matter of simply spraying flies with the semiochemical as several species (including Bactrocera dorsalis and Bactrocera carambolae) need to actively ingest and metabolize the chemical for it to have the desired effect. Currently, no economical or efficient method exists for large‐scale administering/feeding of semiochemicals to such species. This may be due to the complicated requirements of (i) administering the semiochemical only to flies that are close to sexual maturity, (ii) assuring fixed‐dose feeding to avoid damaging over exposure to flies and (iii) segregating semiochemically satiated from non‐satiated flies prior to release. Using an engineering approach, while leveraging biological behaviour patterns (such as attraction to the semiochemicals and light), a mass semiochemical feeding structure was designed that fulfils all three requirements. The aim of the design was furthermore to maximize survival of flies and to minimize semiochemical wastage and hence cost. To validate the proposed design and to ascertain the behaviour of insects interacting within such a structure, a prototype was constructed and tested for B. dorsalis (with methyl eugenol as the attractant) and Ceratitis capitata (with citrus oil as the attractant). Our results show that the used semiochemicals and drivers, especially the novel conveyor belt system, are effective in encouraging the flies through the facility with minimum damage and without backward motion of flies.
An epidemiological study of the effects of statin use on airflow limitation in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Authors: BANDO MASASHI , MIYAZAWA TADASHI , SHINOHARA HIDEKI , OWADA TOSHIO , TERAKADO MICHIYUKI , SUGIYAMA YUKIHIKO 
Published: December 2011

ABSTRACTBackground and objective:  Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is considered to be a systemic inflammatory disease, and systemic inflammation has been noted as a factor contributing to cardiovascular disease, which is one of the comorbidities associated with COPD. On the other hand, pleiotropic effects, such as the anti‐inflammatory effects of statins, have attracted attention in recent years, and there have been a variety of reports regarding the usefulness of statins for patients with COPD.Methods:  We investigated whether the use or non‐use of statins influenced the prevalence of airflow limitation. All outpatients who were over the age of 40 years and who regularly visited a primary health care facility were invited to participate. Each participant underwent spirometry and completed a questionnaire regarding their clinical status, which was used to screen for COPD. A variety of factors that are potentially related to airflow limitation were assessed.Results:  Of the 853 patients included in the study, 81 (9.5%) had airflow limitation. The prevalence of airflow limitation was 2.3% among the 89 patients with a history of statin use, which was five times lower than the prevalence of airflow limitation among patients who had not used statins (10.5%). Among the 347 patients with a history of past or current smoking, airflow limitation was not observed in the 30 patients who had used statins. However, by multivariate analysis, statin use was not significantly associated with a lower prevalence of airflow limitation.Conclusions:  This is the first cross‐sectional study from Japan that has demonstrated that statin use has a potential impact on airflow limitation in patients with COPD.
Aprepitant plus palonosetron and dexamethasone for prevention of chemotherapy‐induced nausea and vomiting in patients receiving multiple‐day cisplatin chemotherapy
Authors: Gao H. F. , Liang Y. , Zhou N. N. , Zhang D. S. , Wu H. Y. 
Published: December 2011

AbstractBackgroundChemotherapy‐induced nausea and vomiting remain among the most feared adverse effects for cancer patients.AimThe aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of a combination of aprepitant, palonosetron and dexamethasone as antiemetic prophylaxis in patients receiving multiple‐day cisplatin‐based chemotherapy.MethodsForty‐one solid cancer patients received aprepitant, palonosetron and dexa‐ methasone during a 3‐day cisplatin‐based chemotherapy. Primary end‐point was complete response in the overall phase (day 1 until 5 days after the end of chemotherapy).ResultsAprepitant in combination with palonosetron and dexamethasone was safe, with hiccups (31.7%), fatigue (17.1%), headache (14.6%) and constipation (12.2%) the most common treatment‐related adverse events, mostly mild. Complete response was seen in 58.5% of patients in the overall phase. In 23 patients receiving aprepitant in combination with palonosetron and dexamethasone more than one cycle (range: 2–5 cycles), the cumulative emetic protection rate after five cycles was 0.82.ConclusionThis study shows aprepitant in combination with palonosetron and dex‐amethasone is safe and effectively controls chemotherapy‐induced nausea and vomiting in patients undergoing 3‐day cisplatin‐based chemotherapy, moreover, the efficacy is maintained during multiple cycles.
Combination of B‐Lynch brace suture and uterine artery embolization for atonic bleeding after cesarean section in a patient with placenta previa accreta
Authors: Koyama Emi , Naruse Katsuhiko , Shigetomi Hiroshi , Sado Toshiyuki , Oi Hidekazu , Kobayashi Hiroshi 
Published: December 2011

AbstractWe report the case of a patient with placenta previa accreta. A 29‐year‐old multipara, who had previously undergone a cesarean section, was admitted to our hospital for vaginal bleeding. An emergency cesarean section was carried out at the 33rd week of gestation. Uterine bleeding was uncontrollable, and hence, hysterectomy was planned. However, before hysterectomy, B‐Lynch brace suture was carried out to control the massive bleeding; moreover, the suturing technique enabled uterine artery embolization to be carried out as an interventional radiological technique. A good postoperative course was observed, and thus, a secondary hysterectomy was not required. A combination of the B‐Lynch brace suture technique and uterine artery embolization may be an alternative treatment for emergency bleeding during cesarean section in patients with placenta previa accreta.
Correlation of magnesium levels in cord blood and maternal serum among pre‐eclamptic pregnant women treated with magnesium sulfate
Authors: Boriboonhirunsarn Dittakarn , Lertbunnaphong Tripop , Suwanwanich Morakot 
Published: December 2011

AbstractAim:  The aim of this study was to determine the correlation between cord blood and maternal serum magnesium levels among pre‐eclamptic pregnant women treated with magnesium sulfate.Materials and Methods:  A total of 36 pregnant women, >28 weeks' gestation, diagnosed with pre‐eclampsia and treated with magnesium sulfate (MgSO4), were enrolled. Maternal and umbilical cord blood samples were obtained immediately after delivery and sent for determination of magnesium and calcium levels.Results:  Mean maternal age was 27.4 ± 6.4 years and mean gestational age was 38.1 ± 1.8 weeks. Most were diagnosed with pre‐eclampsia (94.5%), others had HELLP syndrome. Mean total MgSO4 the women received was 14.4 ± 6.0 g and mean duration of treatment was 5.1 ± 3.3 h. Mean maternal serum and cord blood magnesium levels were 2.2 ± 0.4 and 1.8 ± 0.3 mmol/L, respectively. Maternal magnesium and calcium levels showed significant positive correlation with their levels in cord blood (P < 0.001). Significant positive correlation was found between total dose as well as duration of MgSO4 and maternal and cord blood magnesium levels (P < 0.001) but was inversely correlated with maternal and cord blood calcium levels.Conclusions:  Maternal serum magnesium and calcium levels were correlated with cord blood levels in pre‐eclamptic pregnant women who received MgSO4 therapy.
Robotic‐assisted surgery in the management of endometrial cancer
Authors: Holloway Robert W. , Ahmad Sarfraz 
Published: December 2011

AbstractAdvanced laparoscopic procedures for hysterectomy and staging lymphadenectomy were not widely adopted for management of endometrial cancer despite nearly 20 years of improvements in laparoscopic technology. Many surgeons have recently embraced da Vinci robotic‐assisted laparoscopy in preference to traditional laparoscopy because of its technological advantages of wristed instrumentation, high‐definition 3‐D optics, ergonomics and autonomy of camera control; the majority of women with endometrial cancer in the USA now undergo robotic‐assisted surgery. The purpose of this article is to review the robotic surgical techniques for hysterectomy, pelvic and aortic lymphadenectomy procedures, and the current comparative literature discussing perioperative outcomes. Additionally, literature that discusses challenges managing obese patients and robotic surgical costs are reviewed. Future multi‐institutional, prospective registration studies comparing perioperative outcomes, complications, pain, recovery time, cost and long‐term clinical outcomes with open, laparoscopic and robotic procedures will be necessary to completely appreciate the impact of robotic‐assisted technology.
Risky Sex in a Risky World: Sexual Behavior in an HIV/AIDS Environment
Authors: Mannberg Andréa 
Published: December 2011

AbstractIn spite of increased awareness of HIV/AIDS, unprotected casual sex is still widespread in many HIV‐infected countries. In this paper, a two‐period model for sexual decisions under uncertainty is developed. The results suggest that, for individuals with limited access to HIV treatment, the uncertainty about their future health could be an important factor driving unsafe sexual practices. The results support the empirical finding of a weak link in poor countries between sexual behavior, HIV frequency, and HIV knowledge. Therefore, this suggests that an AIDS policy needs to be calibrated in order to fit within different social contexts.
GEOGRAPHIES OF INFRASTRUCTURE SYSTEMS: THE USER'S LIFEWORLD AND INTERFACE DESIGN
Authors: FELGENHAUER TILO 
Published: December 2011

ABSTRACTSome of the most important features of modern societies are the specialisation of knowledge, the development of technology and its ubiquitous integration in everyday practices. Apparently, the routine use of complex transport, communication and retail systems can only work out as long as a continuous encoding and decoding of spatial information takes place. In this paper different modes of system‐user‐interaction and the involved spatial concepts will be examined. The outcome is a framework of three conceptual types of interaction (or translation) between the geography of the system and the geography of the user's lifeworld. First, the user learns about the internal spatial code of the system to achieve ‘white‐box‐transparency’. Second, efforts in interface‐design show the attempt for ‘lifeworld‐simulation’ by replicating the individual's spatial perception. Third, common geographical imaginations, names of cities, regions or nations, can serve as a ‘third language’ which both the system and the user can refer to.