bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Elbow Ulnar Collateral Ligament Reconstruction in Javelin Throwers at a Minimum 2-Year Follow-up
Authors: Dines Joshua S. , Jones Kristofer J. , Kahlenberg Cynthia , Rosenbaum Andrew , Osbahr Daryl C. , Altchek David W. 
Published: September 2011

Background: There are several large series of outcomes after ulnar collateral ligament (UCL) reconstruction that have 1 or 2 javelin throwers included. To our knowledge, however, there are no reports that focus solely on the results of UCL reconstruction in this group of athletes. Hypothesis/Purpose: We hypothesize that by using modern UCL reconstruction techniques, javelin throwers can reliably expect to return to their sport. Additionally, we review the principles behind postoperative rehabilitation in these athletes, as it differs from the usual approach used with baseball players. Study Design: Case series; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: This was a retrospective review of 10 javelin throwers who underwent UCL reconstruction between 2006 and 2009 using the docking technique. There were 5 college and 5 high school javelin throwers. The average age was 18.5 years (range, 18-21 years). All patients, before being indicated for ligament reconstruction, failed a course of nonoperative management that included rest, physical therapy, and a structured attempt to return to throwing. Postoperatively, patients were evaluated using the Conway Scale and the Andrews-Timmerman Score. Results: Patients were evaluated at a minimum 2-year follow-up. The average follow-up was 28.9 months after surgery (range, 24-45 months). On the Conway Scale, 9 of the 10 players had excellent outcomes (90%). There was one fair (10%) outcome. Average time to return to previous level of competition was 15 months. The mean Andrews-Timmerman Score was 97 (range, 85-100). Overall, 100% (10/10) of the patients were subjectively satisfied with their clinical outcome. Conclusion: Similar to other overhand athletes with UCL insufficiency, javelin throwers can reliably expect to return to their previous level of play after surgical reconstruction. A thorough understanding of the unique demands placed on these athletes because of the different throwing motion is helpful when tailoring their postoperative rehabilitation protocol. Additionally, these athletes must be counseled that the postoperative course is associated with an extended period of time until return to previous level of competition when compared with baseball players.
A Simplified WHO Checklist Improves Compliance and Time Efficiency for Urological Surgery
Authors: Henderson John , Fung Timothy , Bhatt Jaimin , Bdesha Amarjit 
Published: September 2011

Objective: A surgical safety checklist has been introduced throughout the UK in response to evidence that its use decreases surgical morbidity and mortality. The adaptation of this has resulted in a lengthy checklist which may be used improperly. We audited the existing and a new simplified checklist with regards to compliance, time-efficiency and relevant safety outcomes. Materials and methods: One hundred operations were observed. Fifty of these cases used the existing 14-question Briefing/Debriefing (BD) and 31-question Sign-in, Timeout and Sign-Out (STS) checklist. The subsequent 50 used a simplified 10-question BD and STS checklist. Percentage compliance, median time taken and relevant safety outcomes were recorded. Results: The median time for the BD questions decreased from 150 to 90s and the STS questions from 88 to 49s ( p<0.05). The compliance improved from 68% to 73% ( p= 0.49) for BD questions and 53% to 92% ( p< 0.05) for STS questions. A clearer phrasing of the antibiotic check question in the revised checklist resulted in no administration of incorrect antibiotics. Conclusion: The nuclear and airline industries have used checklists for many years and observed that long and exhaustive checklists were often used improperly or disregarded completely. We demonstrate that a redesigned, simplified checklist improves time-efficiency and compliance with improved safety outcomes.
Disease burden due to pre‐eclampsia/eclampsia and the Ethiopian health system's response
Authors: Gaym Asheber , Bailey Patricia , Pearson Luwei , Admasu Keseteberhan , Gebrehiwot Yirgu 
Published: September 2011

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the maternal disease burden due to pre‐eclampsia/eclampsia in Ethiopia and the national health system's readiness to respond to the needs of women with pre‐eclampsia/eclampsia.MethodsThe national emergency obstetric and newborn care (EmONC) assessment entailed collecting information from 112 hospitals and 685 health centers in Ethiopia, focusing on their infrastructure, the services they provided, human resources, equipment and supplies, case load, and mortality due to pre‐eclampsia/eclampsia.ResultsPre‐eclampsia/eclampsia complicated 1.2% of all institutional deliveries. Given the low institutional delivery rate and an expected incidence of 2%–8% of all deliveries, this implies that only a small fraction (3.8%) of all women with pre‐eclampsia/eclampsia received care at health facilities. 11% of all maternal deaths and 16% of direct maternal deaths were due to this obstetric complication. The cause‐specific case fatality rate was high (3.6%). Availability of urine test strips, anticonvulsants, antihypertensives, and actual service provision to treat these diseases was limited, especially at health centers.ConclusionThe salutary effects of the national EmONC assessment were immediate, as evidenced by how quickly the release of the Ethiopian report led to important national efforts to improve maternal and newborn health. Expansion of health services should be augmented with periodic assessments of logistics and quality‐related issues to assure functioning facilities for women accessing obstetric services.
Relationship between red cell distribution width and echocardiographic parameters in patients with diastolic heart failure
Authors: Celik Atac , Koc Fatih , Kadi Hasan , Ceyhan Koksal , Erkorkmaz Unal , Burucu Turgay , Karayakali Metin , Onalan Orhan 
Published: September 2011

AbstractRed cell distribution width (RDW) was found to be a prognostic marker in heart failure patients. The aim of the study was to investigate the relationship between RDW and echocardiographic parameters in diastolic heart failure (DHF). Seventy‐one consecutive DHF patients (26 men) and 50 controls (21 men) were included in the study. All of the study population underwent echocardiographic evaluation, and blood samples were obtained. RDW and N‐terminal pro‐B‐type natriuretic peptide (NT‐proBNP) values were significantly higher, whereas there was an increasing trend for high‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein levels in DHF patients than those in controls (p < 0.001, p < 0.001, and p = 0.064, respectively). All of the echocardiographic parameters evaluating diastolic function were more deteriorated in the DHF group. Patients who had an RDW value greater than the cutoff point also had higher NT‐proBNP levels, an elevated ratio of mitral peak velocity of early diastolic filling to early diastolic mitral annular velocity, and increased estimated pulmonary capillary wedge pressures by tissue Doppler parameters, but lower creatinine clearance (p < 0.05 for all). According to the cutoff values calculated using receiver operating characteristic analysis, RDW > 13.6% and NT‐proBNP > 125 pg/mL have high diagnostic accuracy for predicting DHF. RDW values were increased in the DHF population. Our results suggest that the high RDW levels in patients with DHF may be related to increased neurohormonal activity, impaired renal functions, and elevated filling pressure, but not to increased inflammation.
Late Pleistocene paleoecology of arctic ground squirrel (Urocitellus parryii) caches and nests from Interior Alaska's mammoth steppe ecosystem, USA
Authors: Gaglioti Benjamin V. , Barnes Brian M. , Zazula Grant D. , Beaudoin Alwynne B. , Wooller Matthew J. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractBotanical analyses of fossil and modern arctic ground squirrel (Urocitellus parryii) caches and nests have been used to reconstruct the past vegetation from some parts of Beringia, but such archives are understudied in Alaska. Five modern and four fossil samples from arctic ground squirrel caches and nests provide information on late Pleistocene vegetation in Eastern Beringia. Modern arctic ground squirrel caches from Alaska's arctic tundra were dominated by willow and grass leaves and grass seeds and bearberries, which were widespread in the local vegetation as confirmed by vegetation surveys. Late Pleistocene caches from Interior Alaska were primarily composed of steppe and dry tundra graminoid and herb seeds. Graminoid cuticle analysis of fossil leaves identifiedCalamagrostis canadensis,Koeleriasp. andCarex albonigraas being common in the fossil samples. Stable carbon isotopes analysis of these graminoid specimens indicated that plants using the C3photosynthetic pathways were present and functioning with medium to high water-use efficiency. Fossil plant taxa and environments from ground squirrel caches in Alaska are similar to other macrofossil assemblages from the Yukon Territory, which supports the existence of a widespread mammoth steppe ecosystem type in Eastern Beringia that persisted throughout much of the late Pleistocene.
Pain evoked by pressure stimulation on the tibia bone – Influence of probe diameter on tissue stress and strain
Authors: Finocchietti S. , Andresen T. , Arendt‐Nielsen L. , Graven‐Nielsen T. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThe fundamental aspects of bone associated pain in humans are not fully understood. In this study pressure pain applied to the tibia bone was investigated experimentally in humans and by means of computer simulations. In humans, the pressure pain sensitivity and the relation between tissue indentation and pressure intensity were recorded by a computer‐controlled pressure algometer with two different probe sizes (0.03 cm2 and 1.0 cm2). The simulation‐model was validated by the experimental pressure–indentation data and described tissue stress and strain distribution during pressure stimulation. Tissue stress and strain were extracted from the simulation models at the indentation equal to the pressure pain threshold. The pressure pain threshold was higher for the large compared with the small probe size (P < 0.05). This is in accordance with the simulation model where the strain in the interface between subcutaneous adipose tissue and bone was lowest with the large probe compared with the small probe when applying indentations similar to the pressure pain thresholds. For both probes the strain peaked in adipose tissue at 0.29, and in the bone interface it was reduced by 3% (0.03 cm2) and 15% (1.0 cm2), respectively. For both probes the stress peaked at 235 kPa in skin layer, and in the deeper layers it was reduced to 50 kPa. Mechanosensitive nociceptors innervating the periosteum are ideally placed to mediate pain evoked by pressure stimulation on the tibia bone and small diameter probes may be optimal for assessing bone associated pain sensitivity.
Therapy‐related acute lymphoblastic leukemia with t(4;11)(q21;q23) masqueraded as marrow lymphocytosis in a patient with breast cancer
Authors: Chen Yen‐Hsun , Hsieh Yen‐Chuan , Lin Shu‐Hui , Kuo Szu‐Yin , Liu Chiou‐Ping , Hwang Wei‐Shou , Huang Wen‐Tsung , Feng Yin‐Hsun , Chuang Shih‐Sung , Lin Ching‐Nan 
Published: September 2011

AbstractTherapy‐related acute leukemia develops in patients after chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy for a prior cancer, and most cases are acute myeloid leukemia with a much lower frequency of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). One unique feature of these therapy‐related ALL (t‐ALL) is an increased incidence of chromosome band 11q23 aberrations as compared with de novo ALL. In adult female patients, breast cancer is the most common primary cancer. Herein, we report the case of a 49‐year‐old Taiwanese lady who developed t‐ALL with t(4;11)(q21;q23) 16 months after cyclophosphamide, epirubicin, and 5‐fluorouracil chemotherapy for her breast cancer. The unusual feature is that the t‐ALL was heralded 4 months ago by marrow lymphocytosis comprising atypical small lymphocytes with condensed chromatin mimicking a B‐cell chronic lymphoproliferative disorder. Retrospective studies using additional antibodies for immunophenotyping and PCR‐based clonality study for immunoglobulin gene rearrangement showed that these atypical small lymphocytes shared similar features with the leukemic blasts at the frank leukemic stage. Our results suggest that these atypical small lymphocytes are lymphoblasts in disguise and that the clinicopathological correlations with ancillary pathological studies are important to reach a definitive diagnosis of such an unusual case.
Reading—and Enjoying—“Wiles of Women” Stories as a Feminist
Authors: Najmabadi Afsaneh 
Published: September 2011

In a Beautiful Essay, Titled “Justify My Love,” Daniel Boyarin writes, “From almost the first sentence in my first preparatory course in reading the Talmud, I was charmed—in the full antique sense of the word.” So much so that he did not notice that “they [the characters central to the Talmudic narratives] were all men, or that the texts were primarily addressed to me just because I was a Jewish man. I failed to see the exclusions and oppressions that those facts encode and mystify.” Gradually, feminist awareness of these oppressions and exclusions, Boyarin explains, made his life disturbing and untenable, eventually producing a new endeavor, which he calls “to justify my love, that is, both to explain it and to make it just.”The dilemmas eloquently written about in this essay are in many ways those I have navigated since, as a teenager, I fell in love with the seduction-temptation episode in the Joseph/Yusuf story.
Effect of diluents on rapid phase transition of water induced by combustion
Authors: Di Benedetto Almerinda , Cammarota Francesco , Di Sarli Valeria , Salzano Ernesto , Russo Gennaro 
Published: September 2011

AbstractWhen exploding CH4/O2/N2 mixtures with high oxygen contents in a nonadiabatic vessel, the pressure–time histories display oscillations of different frequencies and very high pressure peaks (hundreds of bars). We have attributed this anomalous behavior (combustion‐induced rapid phase transition, cRPT) to the occurrence of cycles of condensation/evaporation of water at the vessel walls, followed by superheating of the liquid film due to radiative heat transfer from the flame, which culminates in the water rapid phase transition. We now report a detailed analysis of the role played by the addition of a diluent (CO2, N2, He, and Ar) on the anomalous behavior. The limit values of the diluent concentration at which the cRPT phenomenon is suppressed have been found and correlated to the kinematic viscosity and the thermal diffusivity through the Prandtl number. The less effective diluent has been found to be Ar followed by He, N2, and CO2 in the order listed. © 2011 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2012
Persistence of a monosomic cell line in a fetus with mosaic trisomy 8
Authors: Turchetti Daniela , Pompilii Eva , Magrini Elisabetta , Bonasoni Maria Paola , Pittalis Maria Carla , Segata Maria , Pession Annalisa , Santini Donatella , Pilu Gianluigi , Seri Marco 
Published: September 2011

AbstractWe report on a fetus presenting with an increased nuchal translucency, in which chorionic villus sampling led to the diagnosis of mosaic trisomy 8. Ultrasound scan performed at 15+6 weeks revealed bilateral cleft lip and palate, flat facial profile, and arrhinia. Pregnancy was terminated at 16+6; postmortem examination showed additional findings including hypospadias, bilateral renal dysplasia, and focal portal fibrosis of the liver. In order to confirm the presence of trisomy 8, FISH analysis was performed in abnormal renal and hepatic tissue, which, unexpectedly, showed a higher fraction of cells with only one fluorescent probe signal (43% and 23%, respectively), if compared with normal fetal liver and kidney (3–10%). This finding is consistent with the survival in this fetus of a monosomic cell line after mitotic non‐disjunction, which is in contrast with what is generally thought about mosaic trisomy genesis. We hypothesize that the possible persistence of the monosomic cell line, in addition to the variable distribution of aneuploid cells in the body tissues, could explain the high heterogeneity of mosaic trisomy 8 phenotype. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Sleep apnea in fragile X premutation carriers with and without FXTAS
Authors: Hamlin Alyssa , Liu Ying , Nguyen Danh V. , Tassone Flora , Zhang Lin , Hagerman Randi J. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThis report seeks to establish the prevalence of sleep apnea in patients with the fragile X mental retardation 1 (FMR1) premutation with and without fragile X‐associated tremor/ataxia syndrome (FXTAS) and to determine any correlation between CGG repeat and FMR1 mRNA levels with sleep apnea prevalence. Demographic and medical data from 430 (229 males, 201 females) participants were used in this analysis. Participants included premutation carriers with (n = 118) and without FXTAS (n = 174) as well as controls without the premutation (n = 123). Logistic regression models were employed to estimate the odds ratio of sleep apnea relative to controls, adjusted for age and gender, and also to examine potential association with CGG size and FMR1 mRNA expression level. The observed proportion of sleep apnea in premutation carriers with and without FXTAS and controls are 31.4% (37/118), 8.6% (15/174), and 13.8% (17/123), respectively. The adjusted odds of sleep apnea for premutation carriers with FXTAS is about 3.4 times that compared to controls (odds ratio, OR = 3.4, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.8–7.4; P = 0.001), and similarly relative to premutation carriers without FXTAS (OR = 2.9, 95% CI 1.2–6.9; P = 0.014). The risk of sleep apnea was not different between controls and premutation carriers without FXTAS. The presence of sleep apnea is not associated with CGG repeat numbers nor FMR1 mRNA expression level among premutation carriers. Our data supports a higher prevalence and risk of sleep apnea in patients with FXTAS. We recommend that all patients diagnosed with FXTAS be screened for sleep apnea given the negative and perhaps accelerative impact sleep apnea may have on their FXTAS progression. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Analysis of octopamine in human doping control samples
Authors: Thevis Mario , Koch Anja , Sigmund Gerd , Thomas Andreas , Schänzer Wilhelm 
Published: September 2011

ABSTRACTThe biogenic amine octopamine [4‐(2‐amino‐1‐hydroxyethyl)phenol] is prohibited in sports owing to its stimulating and performance‐enhancing properties. Adverse analytical findings in athletes' doping control samples commonly result from surreptitious applications; however, the occurrence of octopamine in nutritional supplements and in selected invertebrates as well as the assumption that its N‐methylated analog synephrine [4‐(1‐hydroxyethyl‐2‐methylamino)phenol, not banned by anti‐doping authorities but currently monitored in prevalence studies) might be converted in‐vivo into octopamine have necessitated a study to investigate the elimination of synephrine and octopamine present in over‐the‐counter products. Urine samples collected after administration of nutritional supplements containing octopamine and/or synephrine as well as urine samples collected after therapeutic application of octopamine‐ or synephrine‐containing drugs were analyzed using a validated solid‐phase extraction‐based procedure employing a weak cation exchange resin and liquid chromatographic/tandem mass spectrometric detection with electrospray ionization and multiple reaction monitoring. In the case of therapeutic octopamine application, the urinary concentration of the target compound increased from baseline levels below the lower limit of detection to 142 µg/mL, while urine samples collected after synephrine as well as dietary supplement administration did not yield any evidence for elevated renal excretion of octopamine. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
LC‐ESI‐MS/MS determination of paclitaxel on dried blood spots
Authors: Nageswara Rao R. , Satyanarayana Raju S. , Mastan Vali R. , Sarma V. U. M. , Girija Sankar G. 
Published: September 2011

ABSTRACTA simple and rapid high‐performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometric assay for determination of paclitaxel on rat dried blood spots was developed and validated. The extracted sample was chromatographed without further treatment using a reverse‐phase Oyster ODS3, 4.6 × 50 mm, 3 µm column with mass spectrometry detection. The mobile phase comprised of acetonitrile–water, 60:40 v/v, with a flow rate of 0.4 mL/min was used. The calibration was linear over the range 0.2–20 ng/mL. The limits of detection and quantification were 0.08 and 0.2 ng/mL, respectively. The intra‐ and inter‐day precision (CV%) and accuracy (relative error %) were less than 10 and 12%, respectively. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Purification and electrophoretic characterization of bovine conglutinin
Authors: Dec Marta , Wernicki Andrzej , Puchalski Andrzej , Urban‐Chmiel Renata , Grąz Marcin 
Published: September 2011

ABSTRACTIn this study a two‐stage procedure for purification of conglutinin using affinity and ion‐exchange chromatography was developed. To isolate conglutinin from bovine serum, its unique ability to bind to complement component iC3b was exploited. Incubation of bovine serum with chromatographic beads (TSK, Toyopearl HW‐75 F) at 37 °C allows for iC3b deposition and subsequent binding of conglutinin. A single protein fraction eluted with ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) was then separated on an ion‐exchange column in an NaCl gradient. The purification was evaluated by SDS–PAGE and western blotting. Conglutinin analyzed by SDS–PAGE under reducing conditions showed two main bands at 41 and 47 kDa and eight weaker bands. Nonreduced conglutinin appeared as a ladder pattern composed of many fractions ranging from 34 to 630 kDa. The bands at 34, 153, 174, 247, 338 and 387 kDa displayed the highest optical density. In the native conglutinin profile four fractions were observed, and the pI of this protein was below 8.5. The presence of sugar residues in the conglutinin molecule was detected using Schiff's reagent. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Quantitative determination of lisinopril in human plasma by high performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry and its application in a pharmacokinetic study
Authors: Qin Feng , Wang Dan , Yang Shuyan , Jing Lijuan , Xiong Zhili , Li Famei 
Published: September 2011

ABSTRACTA rapid, selective and sensitive high‐performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC‐MS/MS) method was developed to determine lisinopril in human plasma. Sample pretreatment involved a one‐step protein precipitation with methanol of 0.1 mL plasma. Analysis was performed on an Inertsil ODS‐3 column (2.1 × 50 mm i.d., 3 µm) with mobile phase consisting of methanol–water (containing 0.2% formic acid; 55:45, v/v). The detection was performed on a triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometer in multiple reaction monitoring mode via an electrospray ionization source. Each plasma sample was chromatographed within 2.5 min. The linear calibration curves for lisinopril were obtained in the concentration range of 1.03–206 ng/mL (r2 ≥ 0.99) with a lower limit of quantification of 1.03 ng/mL. The intra‐ and inter‐day precisions (relative standard deviation) were not higher than 11%, and accuracy (relative error) was within ±6.8%, determined from quality control samples for lisinopril, which corresponded to the guidance of the Food and Drug Administration. The method described herein was fully validated and successfully applied to the pharmacokinetic study of lisinopril tablets in healthy male volunteers after oral administration. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.