bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Task completion without commitment
Authors: Freeman David J. , Laughren Kevin 
Published: May 2024

AbstractWe conduct an experiment where participants make choices between completing a task now or waiting to complete it in the future. We vary the dates when a task can be completed and the effort required at each date. We infer participants’ preferences for when to complete a task and their expectations about how their future preferences will differ from their current ones. Our findings indicate that most participants prefer to complete tasks immediately, even if it demands more effort than waiting. Their choices generally align with the principles of time consistency, monotonicity, and time invariance. We show that quasi-hyperbolic discounting, anticipatory utility, fixed costs, decision costs, and cost-of-keeping-track are all unable to provide a reasonable account of both our findings and related experiments.
Assessing educational inequality in high participation systems: the role of educational expansion and skills diffusion in comparative perspective
Authors: Araki Satoshi 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
A vast literature shows parental education significantly affects children’s chance of attaining higher education even in high participation systems (HPS). Comparative studies further argue that the strength of this intergenerational transmission of education varies across countries. However, the mechanisms behind this cross-national heterogeneity remain elusive. Extending recent arguments on the “EE-SD model” and using the OECD data for over 32,000 individuals in 26 countries, this study examines how the degree of educational inequality varies depending on the levels of educational expansion and skills diffusion. Country-specific analyses initially confirm the substantial link between parental and children’s educational attainment in all HPS. Nevertheless, multilevel regressions reveal that this unequal structure becomes weak in highly skilled societies net of quantity of higher education opportunities. Although further examination is necessary to establish causality, these results suggest that the accumulation of high skills in a society plays a role in mitigating intergenerational transmission of education. Potential mechanisms include (1) skills-based rewards allocation is fostered and (2) the comparative advantage of having educated parents in the human capital formation process diminishes due to the diffusion of high skills among the population across social strata. These findings also indicate that contradictory evidence on the persistence of educational inequality in relation to educational expansion may partially reflect the extent to which each study incorporates the skills dimension. Examining the roles of societal-level skills diffusion alongside higher education proliferation is essential to better understand social inequality and stratification mechanisms in HPS.
Risk–return preferences, gender inequalities and the moderating role of a counselling intervention on choice of major: evidence from a field and survey experiment
Authors: Fervers Lukas , Jacob Marita , Beckmann Janina , Piepenburg Joachim G. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIn this study, we examine gender inequalities in educational decision-making. Specifically, we consider high school students selecting a higher education study programme and examine gender-specific risk and return preferences regarding monetary returns and the risk of failure in the programme. Moreover, we assess whether a counselling intervention can mitigate these gender inequalities. We employ a research design that combines a factorial survey and a field experiment to test our hypotheses. Consistent with our theoretical expectations, the results of the factorial survey confirm that girls are disproportionally deterred by the higher failure rates of possible study programmes, whereas boys are attracted more strongly by higher expected returns after graduation. Overall, the counselling intervention reduces the dissuasive effect of higher failure rates. Contrary to our expectations, the moderating effect is not stronger for girls but (if at all) is stronger for boys.
Differences in desiccation tolerance of two Australian freshwater mussel species with different life history characteristics is temperature dependent
Authors: Wright Daniel W. , Thiem Jason D. , Blackman Elka , Beatty Stephen J. , Lymbery Alan J. , Davis Sam 
Published: May 2024

AbstractMass die-offs, reduced species richness and local extinctions of freshwater mussels have resulted from river drying events, which often co-occur with high ambient temperatures. These events are predicted to increase in frequency and severity under the influence of climate change. We aimed to identify the desiccation tolerance of two freshwater mussel species (the river mussel Alathyria jacksoni and the floodplain mussel Velesunio ambiguus) across a range of temperatures by simulating river drying events in laboratory conditions. Freshwater mussels were buried in sediment heated to 29, 32, 35, 38 and 41°C. Lethal times and lethal temperatures at which 50% mortality occurred were used to infer species-specific tolerances. The lethal time for 50% of mussels to reach mortality at 29°C was shorter for A. jacksoni (14 days) than V. ambiguus (58 days) but did not differ markedly at higher temperatures. Lethal temperatures were also similar between species over short durations (e.g. 39–40°C at 1 day). Our results suggest that the difference in desiccation tolerance between species diminishes toward their upper thermal limit. Management interventions aimed at reducing sediment temperatures, such as providing shade via riparian vegetation and wetting from environmental flows, could help alleviate the impact of drying events and climate change on both freshwater mussel species.
Development of Restricted and Repetitive Behaviors from 2–19: Stability and Change in Repetitive Sensorimotor, Insistence on Sameness, and Verbal Behaviors in a Longitudinal Study of Autism
Authors: Masjedi Nina , Clarke Elaine B. , Lord Catherine 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis study examined trajectories of repetitive sensorimotor (RSM), insistence on sameness (IS), and verbal RRBs from ages 2–19 in a well-characterized longitudinal cohort. We also tested the factor structure of the ADI-R restricted and repetitive behavior (RRB) domain at age 19 and the inclusion of a verbal RRBs factor, in addition to previously identified RSM and IS factors, at ages 9 and 19. The ADI-R was administered to 193 participants at five timepoints from 2 to 19. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was used to examine the factor structure of ADI-R RRB data. Change in RRB subtypes was examined using group-based trajectory modeling and multilevel modeling. RSM and IS behaviors generally decreased from 2 to 19, with some participants experiencing increases from ages 2–9. 46.46% of participants experienced increasing verbal RRBs from 2 to 9, followed by a plateau from 9 to 19. The remaining participants had few to no verbal RRBs throughout development. Multilevel modeling indicated ADOS CSS scores were associated with change in RSM trajectories only. Child IQ was not associated with change in any RRB trajectories. CFA indicated previously-derived RSM and IS factors fit age 19 ADI-R data well. The inclusion of a third factor, verbal RRBs, worsened goodness-of-fit statistics and was ultimately omitted. Our findings suggest the RRB factor structure of the ADI remains consistent into early adulthood and illustrate developmental continuity and change in RRBs. For autistic individuals with fluent speech, RRB presentation may be influenced by verbal ability in ways that are highly variable, but clinically meaningful.
Rigidity Results for the p-Laplacian Poisson Problem with Robin Boundary Conditions
Authors: Masiello Alba Lia , Paoli Gloria 
Published: May 2024

AbstractLet $$\Omega \subset \mathbb {R}^n$$

Ω
⊂

R

n

be an open, bounded and Lipschitz set. We consider the Poisson problem for the p-Laplace operator associated to $$\Omega $$
Ω
with Robin boundary conditions. In this setting, we study the equality case in the Talenti-type comparison: we prove that the equality is achieved only if $$\Omega $$
Ω
is a ball and both the solution u and the right-hand side f of the Poisson equation are radial and decreasing.
Taking One for the (Other) Team: Does Political Diversity Lower Vaccination Uptake?
Authors: Kim Sung Eun , Pelc Krzysztof 
Published: May 2024

AbstractWhat implications might rising animosity towards political out-partisans have for public health? Vaccination has a significant social aspect, protecting not only the vaccinated, but also those around them. While political ideology in the United States was an important driver of individuals’ willingness to get vaccinated against COVID-19, with those on the political right displaying greater hesitancy, we examine the role that political diversity has on vaccine uptake across US states and commuting zones. Using data from the Cooperative Election Study fielded on over 20,000 respondents in November 2021, and controlling for individual partisanship, we find that those who are political outliers in their community are significantly less likely to get vaccinated. By contrast, we find no equivalent negative effect for ethnic diversity. In sum, the impact of affective polarization is not limited to encounters between non-partisans; it can lead to decreased pro-social behavior that harms political friends and foes alike. Yet these behavioral effects depend on how individuals relate to their community’s predominant political ideology.
Metabolic and enzymatic engineering strategies for polyethylene terephthalate degradation and valorization
Authors: Satta Alessandro , Zampieri Guido , Loprete Giovanni , Campanaro Stefano , Treu Laura , Bergantino Elisabetta 
Published: May 2024

AbstractPolyethylene terephthalate (PET) is one of the most marketed aromatic polyesters in the world with an annual demand in 2022 of approximately 29 million metric tons, expected to increase by 40% by 2030. The escalating volume of PET waste and the current inadequacy of recycling methods have led to an accumulation of PET in the terrestrial ecosystem, thereby posing significant global health risks. The pressing global energy and environmental issues associated with PET underscore the urgent need for “upcycling” technologies. These technologies aim to transform reclaimed PET into higher-value products, addressing both energy concerns and environmental sustainability. Enzyme-mediated biocatalytic depolymerization has emerged as a potentially bio-sustainable method for treating and recycling plastics. Numerous plastic-degrading enzymes have been identified from microbial origins, and advancements in protein engineering have been employed to modify and enhance these enzymes. Microbial metabolic engineering allows for the development of modified microbial chassis capable of degrading PET substrates and converting their derived monomers into industrial relevant products. In this review, we describe several engineering approaches aiming at enhancing the performances of PET-degrading enzymes and we present the current metabolic engineering strategies adopted to bio-upcycle PET into high-value molecules.
Electrotrawling can improve the sustainability of the bottom trawl fishery for sole: a review of the evidence
Authors: Rijnsdorp Adriaan D. , Boute Pim G. , Tiano Justin C. , de Haan Dick , Kraan Marloes , Polet Hans , Schram Edward , Soetaert Maarten , Steins Nathalie A. , Lankheet Martin , Soetaert Karline 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBetween 2009 and 2021 almost the complete beam trawl fleet of the Netherlands switched from conventional beam trawls (BT) to pulse trawls (PT) using electrical stimulation to catch sole, Solea solea. Electric fishing, being banned in the EU in 1988, was made possible in 2006 under a derogation. Over the years stakeholders expressed concern about ecosystem effects. Here we review the research conducted. PT improved the selectivity of the fishery and reduced the ecological side effects. PT caught more sole per hour fishing but less discards and benthos than BT. The transition to PT reduced the surface area swept (lower towing speed), sediment depth of disturbance and associated benthic impacts, as well as fuel consumption. Laboratory experiments with 9 fish and 17 benthic invertebrate species showed that exposure to a commercial bipolar pulse stimulus did not result in harmful effects except in cod. Autopsy of cod sampled from PT revealed that 40% had an internal injury. Injury rates in other roundfish species was low (< 2%) and absent in flatfish. Electrical-induced impacts on biogeochemistry were not observed. The transition increased competition with other fishers which fed the resentment against PT. Governance arrangements under which the number of temporary licenses expanded, undermined legitimacy of the gear, resulting in a ban in 2021. Although questions about the ecological impact of electrical stimulation remain, adverse effects are considered negligible in comparison with the benefits.
Revealing risky mistakes through revisions
Authors: Breig Zachary , Feldman Paul 
Published: May 2024

AbstractWe argue that a choice that is modified, absent any informational change, is revealed to have been a mistake. In an experiment, we allow subjects to choose from budgets over binary lotteries. To identify mistakes, which we interpret as deviations from an underlying “true” preference, we allow subjects to revise a subset of their initial choices. The set of revised decisions improves under several standard definitions of optimality. These mistakes are prevalent: subjects modify over 75% of their initial choices when given the chance. Subjects make larger mistakes when inexperienced and when choosing over lotteries with small probabilities of winning.
A study of entrepreneur and innovative university index by entropy-based grey relational analysis and PROMETHEE
Authors: Elevli Sermin , Elevli Birol 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIn recent years, the concept of entrepreneurial and innovative universities has gained widespread prominence. Many universities have been paying more attention to being entrepreneurial and innovative by improving their organizational systems, advancing their infrastructure, and increasing financial support. Since numerous criteria with different weights exist, ranking universities based on entrepreneurial and innovative performance can be considered a multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) problem. This article aims to investigate how different multi-criteria decision-making methods with different criterion weights can affect university rankings and to highlight the reasons that contribute to these differences. In this scope, Grey Relational Analysis (GRA) and Preference Ranking Organization Method for Enrichment Evaluation (PROMETHEE) methods were used to rank and compare the universities in Türkiye according to the 2022 Entrepreneur and Innovative University Index (EIUI). In addition to the current weights of each EIUI dimension, entropy-based weights and equal weights were used in MCDM methods. Three ranking approaches with varying weights provided different rankings for universities. The effect of criterion weights was found to be more important in the ranking difference than the method used. The ranks for universities coded U1 and U2 as the most entrepreneurial and innovative universities remained the same. In addition, the performance of each university according to each dimension was evaluated graphically using the GAIA plane to enable them to identify areas for improvement in their rankings.
I Would Like to but I Cannot: What Influences the Involuntariness of Part-Time Employment in Italy
Authors: Busilacchi Gianluca , Gallo Giovanni , Luppi Matteo 
Published: May 2024

AbstractOver the last two decades, involuntary part-time (IPT) employment has become a more and more pressing issue in Europe, especially in the southern countries, where IPT today constitutes most part-time employment. Using INAPP-PLUS data and different discrete choice model estimations, this paper aims to shed light on the factors that explain the IPT growth in Italy, focusing on what influences the IPT status at the individual, household and labour market levels. The main hypothesis is that what influences the IPT work derive from a combination of workers’ individual, household, and job characteristics which may engender limited power during the bargaining process. The empirical results, based on gender-specific models, highlight that characteristics associated with the IPT status significantly changed over time, reporting a convergent path between the gender profiles of IPT employment. However, IPT employment for women still appears to be mainly originated from the gendered division of domestic and care tasks, while this phenomenon seems to be mainly driven by the labour demand side for men.
The Lunar Environment Heliophysics X-ray Imager (LEXI) Mission
Authors: Walsh B. M. , Kuntz K. D. , Busk S. , Cameron T. , Chornay D. , Chuchra A. , Collier M. R. , Connor C. , Connor H. K. , Cravens T. E. , Dobson N. , Galeazzi M. , Kim H. , Kujawski J. , Paw U C. K. , Porter F. S. , Naldoza V. , Nutter R. , Qudsi R. , Sibeck D. G. , Sembay S. , Shoemaker M. , Simms K. , Thomas N. E. , Atz E. , Winkert G. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe Lunar Environment heliospheric X-ray Imager (LEXI) is a wide field-of-view soft X-ray telescope developed to study solar wind-magnetosphere coupling. LEXI is part of the Blue Ghost 1 mission comprised of 10 payloads to be deployed on the lunar surface. LEXI monitors the dayside magnetopause position and shape as a function of time by observing soft X-rays (0.1–2 keV) emitted from solar wind charge-exchange between exospheric neutrals and high charge-state solar wind plasma in the dayside magnetosheath. Measurements of the shape and position of the magnetopause are used to test temporal models of meso- and macro-scale magnetic reconnection. To image the boundary, LEXI employs lobster-eye optics to focus X-rays to a microchannel plate detector with a 9.1$^{\circ }\times 9.1^{\circ }$×∘9.1∘field of view.
Validation of the Sleepiz One + as a radar-based sensor for contactless diagnosis of sleep apnea
Authors: Gross-Isselmann Jonas Alexander , Eggert Torsten , Wildenauer Alina , Dietz-Terjung Sarah , Grosse Sundrup Martina , Schoebel Christoph 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Purpose
The cardiorespiratory polysomnography (PSG) is an expensive and limited resource. The Sleepiz One + is a novel radar-based contactless monitoring device that can be used e.g. for longitudinal detection of nocturnal respiratory events. The present study aimed to compare the performance of the Sleepiz One + device to the PSG regarding the accuracy of apnea–hypopnea index (AHI).

Methods
From January to December 2021, a total of 141 adult volunteers who were either suspected of having sleep apnea or who were healthy sleepers took part in a sleep study. This examination served to validate the Sleepiz One + device in the presence and absence of additional SpO2 information. The AHI determined by the Sleepiz One + monitor was estimated automatically and compared with the AHI derived from manual PSG scoring.

Results
The correlation between the Sleepiz-AHI and the PSG-AHI with and without additional SpO2 measurement was rp = 0.94 and rp = 0,87, respectively. In general, the Bland–Altman plots showed good agreement between the two methods of AHI measurement, though their deviations became larger with increasing sleep-disordered breathing. Sensitivity and specificity for recordings without additional SpO2 was 85% and 88%, respectively. Adding a SpO2 sensor increased the sensitivity to 88% and the specificity to 98%.

Conclusion
The Sleepiz One + device is a valid diagnostic tool for patients with moderate to severe OSA. It can also be easily used in the home environment and is therefore beneficial for e.g. immobile and infectious patients.

Trial registration number and date of registration for prospectively registered trials
This study was registered on clinicaltrials.gov (NCT04670848) on 2020–12-09.
Multi-night acoustic stimulation is associated with better sleep, amyloid dynamics, and memory in older adults with cognitive impairment
Authors: Zeller Céline J. , Wunderlin Marina , Wicki Korian , Teunissen Charlotte E. , Nissen Christoph , Züst Marc A. , Klöppel Stefan 
Published: May 2024

AbstractSleep is a potential early, modifiable risk factor for cognitive decline and dementia. Impaired slow wave sleep (SWS) is pronounced in individuals with cognitive impairment (CI). Cognitive decline and impairments of SWS are bi-directionally linked in a vicious cycle. SWS can be enhanced non-invasively using phase-locked acoustic stimulation (PLAS), potentially breaking this vicious cycle. Eighteen healthy older adults (HC, agemean±sd, 68.3 ± 5.1) and 16 older adults (agemean±sd, 71.9 ± 3.9) with CI (Montreal Cognitive Assessment ≤ 25) underwent one baseline (sham-PLAS) night and three consecutive stimulation nights (real-PLAS). EEG responses and blood-plasma amyloid beta Aβ42/Aβ40 ratio were measured pre- and post-intervention, as was episodic memory. The latter was again evaluated 1 week and 3 months after the intervention. In both groups, PLAS induced a significant electrophysiological response in both voltage- and time–frequency analyses, and memory performance improved in association with the magnitude of this response. In the CI group, both electrophysiological and associated memory effects were delayed compared to the healthy group. After 3 intervention nights, electrophysiological response to PLAS was no longer different between CI and HC groups. Only in the CI sample, stronger electrophysiological responses were significantly associated with improving post-intervention Aβ42/Aβ40 ratios. PLAS seems to improve SWS electrophysiology, memory, and amyloid dynamics in older adults with CI. However, effects on memory require more time to unfold compared to healthy older adults. This indicates that PLAS may become a potential tool to ameliorate cognitive decline, but longer interventions are necessary to compensate for declining brain integrity. This study was pre-registered (clinicaltrials.gov: NCT04277104).
Dual-energy CT in musculoskeletal imaging: technical considerations and clinical applications
Authors: Albano Domenico , Di Luca Filippo , D’Angelo Tommaso , Booz Christian , Midiri Federico , Gitto Salvatore , Fusco Stefano , Serpi Francesca , Messina Carmelo , Sconfienza Luca Maria 
Published: May 2024

AbstractDual-energy CT stands out as a robust and innovative imaging modality, which has shown impressive advancements and increasing applications in musculoskeletal imaging. It allows to obtain detailed images with novel insights that were once the exclusive prerogative of magnetic resonance imaging. Attenuation data obtained by using different energy spectra enable to provide unique information about tissue characterization in addition to the well-established strengths of CT in the evaluation of bony structures. To understand clearly the potential of this imaging modality, radiologists must be aware of the technical complexity of this imaging tool, the different ways to acquire images and the several algorithms that can be applied in daily clinical practice and for research. Concerning musculoskeletal imaging, dual-energy CT has gained more and more space for evaluating crystal arthropathy, bone marrow edema, and soft tissue structures, including tendons and ligaments. This article aims to analyze and discuss the role of dual-energy CT in musculoskeletal imaging, exploring technical aspects, applications and clinical implications and possible perspectives of this technique.