bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Islamic Paradigm of International Relations in Times of Peace and Conflict: A Conceptual Framework
Authors: Al-Shamari Nayef 
Published: June 2024

This study aims to demonstrate that Islam, as a religion, has an integrated paradigm to deal with international relations. The paradigm includes both peaceful and defensive frameworks applicable during times of peace and conflict, respectively. These two frameworks are based on several foundations and concepts that complement each other to establish the paradigm. The peaceful framework is based on three criteria, namely acquaintance, cooperation, and counseling. While, the defensive framework is based on the reprehension of warfare, the necessity of repelling, and the prioritization of benevolence. The current study seeks to elucidate each of these six concepts and their interconnectedness in shaping the Islamic paradigm of international relations. It relied on inductive and analytical methods to achieve these goals and concluded that Islam’s approach to repelling aggression is primarily rooted in the disapproval of warfare, and that using force is considered a last resort when peace cannot be achieved through other means. Then, when the Muslims are dominant over their opponents, emphasis shifts towards benevolence and tolerance, over seeking justice or revenge.
Entrepreneurship Teaching : Design and Activities of 21st Century Learning for Economic Class under Mini-Project (Participatory-Phenomenological Design)
Authors: Fahrurrozi Muh 
Published: June 2024

This study aims to explain the process of teaching entrepreneurship education courses in economics classes under a detailed mini-project. This research used Participatory action research (PAR) under qualitative approach. The sample size was only taken purposefully from one semester's three economics classes. This research used observation sheets in the form of learning activities and interviews. All data collected were analyzed descriptively with the step of reducing, displaying and drawing conclusion. The research results showed the effectiveness of a bidirectional teaching model in entrepreneurship education. This model, which combines theoretical instruction with practical application, significantly enhances student engagement and learning outcomes. The bidirectional approach allows students to relate theoretical concepts to real-world examples, fostering a deeper understanding and active participation. An essential element of this teaching model is the inclusion of mini-projects. These projects enable students to apply theoretical knowledge in practical scenarios, such as developing business plans and analyzing recruitment strategies. The hands-on experience gained through mini-projects not only solidifies students' grasp of the material but also hones their problem-solving and critical-thinking skills. The study's findings underscore the superiority of the bidirectional teaching model over traditional methods. The experimental class, which utilized this approach, showed a 93% success rate in meeting various evaluation criteria, compared to just 30% in the control class. This stark contrast highlights the importance of integrating mini-projects and practical activities into the curriculum to enhance educational outcomes. The bidirectional teaching model, complemented by mini-projects, proves to be a highly effective approach in entrepreneurship education. It not only engages students more deeply but also equips them with practical skills and knowledge that are essential for their future careers.
Public Libraries as Incubators for Social Inclusion and Entrepreneurship for Achieving Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) : A Progressive Transformation
Authors: Haryanto Haryanto , Laugu Nurdin , Zulaikha Sri Rohyati 
Published: June 2024

This research aims to explore the role of public libraries as incubators of social inclusion and entrepreneurship in supporting the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). This study employed a qualitative approach with a case study method, focusing on public libraries in Karanganyar Regency, Central Java, Indonesia, that have implemented social inclusion and entrepreneurship programs. The data were collected through in-depth interviews with librarians, program participants, and relevant stakeholders, as well as direct observation and program document analysis. The data analysis followed the framework proposed by Miles and Huberman, which involves a systematic approach to qualitative data analysis, including data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing/verification. The results showed that libraries functioning as entrepreneurship incubators can effectively provide platforms for business training, technology access, and network development. These programs enhanced individual's skills and knowledge and drived local economic growth by creating new businesses and increasing employment opportunities. Additionally, library social inclusion initiatives boost community participation and engagement, strengthen social cohesion, and reduce inequality. The research concludes that public libraries in Karanganyar Regency have significant potential as agents of social change by integrating social inclusion and entrepreneurship programs. To optimize this role, adequate policy support, enhanced librarian competencies, and collaboration with various stakeholders are necessary. Thus, libraries can significantly contribute to achieving the SDGs, particularly in quality education, decent work and economic growth, reduced inequalities, and partnerships for the goals.
RNAseq of INOCA patients identifies innate, invariant, and acquired immune changes: potential autoimmune microvascular dysfunction
Authors: Jaatinen Kevin , Shah Palak , Mazhari Ramesh , Hayden Zane , Wargowsky Richard , Jepson Tisha , Toma Ian , Perkins John , McCaffrey Timothy A. 
Published: June 2024

BackgroundIschemia with non-obstructive coronary arteries (INOCA) is a major clinical entity that involves potentially 20%–30% of patients with chest pain. INOCA is typically attributed either to coronary microvascular disease and/or vasospasm, but is likely distinct from classical coronary artery disease (CAD).ObjectivesTo gain insights into the etiology of INOCA and CAD, RNA sequencing of whole blood from patients undergoing both stress testing and elective invasive coronary angiography (ICA) was conducted.MethodsStress testing and ICA of 177 patients identified 40 patients (23%) with INOCA compared to 39 controls (stress-, ICA-). ICA+ patients divided into 38 stress- and 60 stress+. RNAseq was performed by Illumina with ribosomal RNA depletion. Transcriptome changes were analyzed by DeSeq2 and curated by manual and automated methods.ResultsDifferentially expressed genes for INOCA were associated with elevated levels of transcripts related to mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells, plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pcDC), and memory B cells, and were associated with autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis. Decreased transcripts were associated with neutrophils, but neutrophil transcripts, per se, were not less abundant in INOCA. CAD transcripts were more related to T cell functions.ConclusionsElevated transcripts related to pcDC, MAIT, and memory B cells suggest an autoimmune component to INOCA. Reduced neutrophil transcripts are likely attributed to chronic activation leading to increased translation and degradation. Thus, INOCA could result from stimulation of B cell, pcDC, invariant T cell, and neutrophil activation that compromises cardiac microvascular function.
Association between life’s essential 8 and testosterone deficiency in US men: findings from national health and nutrition examination survey (NHANES) 2011–2016
Authors: Mei Yangyang , Ji Nuo , Zhang Bo , Xia Wei , Feng Xingliang , Xu Renfang , Xue Dong 
Published: June 2024

BackgroundTestosterone deficiency (TD) is closely associated with cardiovascular diseases (CVD). We intended to explore the association of Life’s Essential 8 (LE8), the recently updated measurement of cardiovascular health, with the prevalence of TD among US male adults.MethodsThe population-based cross-sectional study selected male adults aged 20 years or older from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2011 to 2016. According to the American Heart Association definitions, the LE8 score was measured on a scale of 0–100, and divided into health behavior and health factor scores, simultaneously. Furthermore, these scores were categorized into low (0–49), moderate (50–79), and high (80–100) classifications. TD is defined as a total testosterone level below 300ng/dL. Correlations were investigated by weighted multivariable logistic regression, and the robustness of the results were verified by subgroup analysis.ResultsA total of 4971 male adults with an average age of 47.46 ± 0.41 years were eligible for the final analyses, of whom 1372 were determined to have TD. The weighted mean LE8 score of the study population was 68.11 ± 0.41. After fully adjusting potential confounders, higher LE8 scores were significantly associated with low risk of TD (odd ratio [OR] for each 10-point increase, 0.79; 95% CI, 0.71–0.88) in a linear dose-response relationship. Similar patterns were also identified in the association of health factor scores with TD (OR for each 10-point increase, 0.74; 95% CI, 0.66–0.83). These results persisted when LE8 and health factor scores was categorized into low, moderate, and high groups. The inversed association of LE8 classifications and TD remained statistically significant among older, obese, and men without CVD.ConclusionsLE8 and its health factor subscales scores were negatively associated with the presence of TD in linear fashions. Promoting adherence to optimal cardiovascular health levels may be advantageous to alleviate the burden of TD.
Functional composition of initial soil fungi explains the difference in mass loss of Phragmites australis litter in different habitat conditions across multiple coastal wetlands
Authors: Ping Yunmei , Pan Xu , Cui Lijuan , Li Wei , Hu Yukun , Cornelissen Johannes H. C. 
Published: June 2024

The differences in mass loss of leaf litter are primarily thought to be driven by microbial activity, especially by fungi. However, the existence of such differences across large spatial scales has not been well explored in field studies and the underlying mechanisms of difference are still unclear, especially for the role of different fungal guilds in driving different mass losses. We conducted a 1-year decomposition study within each of four coastal wetlands in China to test the difference in mass loss across a large spatial scale (ranging from 26° N to 41° N in latitude). In each wetland, six sites including three composed of P. australis and three composed of another dominant plant species typically in coastal ecosystems were selected. We used P. australis leaf litter as the standard decomposition material, placing it into litter bags with mesh sizes 1 mm and 4 mm, respectively. Final litter mass loss was examined approximately after 3, 9 and 12 months. The different mass loss was quantified using additional mass loss at P. australis sites compared to that at another species sites. We found that the mass loss of leaf litter of P. australis showed a clear difference across multiple coastal wetlands only at later stages of decomposition, which was independent of mesofauna (mesh size) contribution to decomposition. Furthermore, the observed difference in mass loss was primarily attributed to the dissimilarities in initial soil fungal community, particularly the symbiotrophic fungi, rather than the soil bacterial community. Our results provide empirical evidence of a large-scale difference in mass loss in litter decomposition and have linked the observed difference to different soil fungal guilds. These results indicate that symbiotrophic fungi might play a direct or indirect role in driving difference in mass loss, which contributes to a better understanding and invites in-depth further investigation on the underlying microbe-driven mechanisms of the difference.
SPI1-mediated macrophage polarization aggravates age-related macular degeneration
Authors: Qi Siyi , Zhang Yihan , Kong Lingjie , Bi Daode , Kong Hongyu , Zhang Shujie , Zhao Chen 
Published: June 2024

ObjectiveThis study revealed a core regulator and common upstream mechanisms for the multifaceted pathological processes of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and provided proof-of-concept for this new therapeutic target.MethodsComprehensive gene expression analysis was performed using RNA sequencing of eye cup from old mice as well as laser-induced choroidal neovascularization (CNV) mouse model. Through integrative analysis and protein-protein interaction (PPI) analysis, common pathways and key transcription factor was identified simultaneously engaged in age-related retinal degeneration and CNV, the two typical pathological process of AMD. Subsequently, the expression changes of Spi1, the key regulator, as well as the alternation of the downstream mechanisms were validated in both models through qRT-PCR, Elisa, flow cytometry and immunofluorescence. Further, we assessed the impact of Spi1 knockdown in vitro and in vivo using gene intervention vectors carried by adeno-associated virus or lentivirus to test its potential as a therapeutic target.ResultsCompared to corresponding controls, we found 1,939 and 1,319 genes differentially expressed in eye cups of old and CNV mice respectively. The integrative analysis identified a total of 275 overlapping DEGs, of which 150 genes were co-upregulated. PPI analysis verified a central transcription factor, SPI1. The significant upregulation of Spi1 expression was then validated in both models, accompanied by macrophage polarization towards the M1 phenotype. Finally, SPI1 suppression significantly inhibited M1 polarization of BMDMs and attenuated neovascularization in CNV mice.ConclusionThis study demonstrates that SPI1 exerts a pivotal role in AMD by regulation of macrophage polarization and innate immune response, offering promise as an innovative target for treating AMD.
Lower serum LDL-C levels are associated with poor prognosis in severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome: a single-center retrospective cohort study
Authors: Guo Shuai , Dong Qing , Zhang Maomei , Tu Lirui , Yan Yunjun , Guo Shougang 
Published: June 2024

BackgroundSevere fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is an emerging infectious disease triggered by a novel bunyavirus (SFTSV). Characterized by fever, thrombocytopenia, leukocytopenia, and multiple organ dysfunction manifestations, its primary mode of transmission is through tick bites. Despite the critical role of lipid metabolism in viral infections, the role of lipids in SFTS remains unclear.MethodsThis retrospective study analyzed 602 patients with SFTS treated at the Shandong Public Health Clinical Center from January 2021 to December 2023. Based on the endpoint events, patients were classified into survival (S) and death (D) groups. The S group was further classified into non-critical (non-C) and critical (C) groups based on symptoms. All patients were followed up for at least 28 days after admission. Propensity score matching, multivariable logistic regression, survival analysis, time trend analysis, and mediation analysis were conducted to assess the association between LDL-C levels and prognosis in SFTS.ResultsThe serum LDL-C levels on admission were significantly lower in the D and C groups than in the S and non-C groups. The logistic regression models indicated a potential association between LDL-C levels and a poor prognosis in SFTS. The restricted cubic spline showed a unidirectional trend between LDL-C levels and mortality, with a cutoff value of 1.59 mmol/L. The survival analysis revealed higher and earlier mortality in the low-LDL-C group than in the high-LDL-C group. The trends over 28 days post-admission showed that the serum LDL-C levels gradually increased in SFTS, with a favorable prognosis. Finally, the mediation analysis indicated that low LDL-C levels are associated with mortality through poor hepatic, cardiac, and coagulation functions.ConclusionLow LDL-C levels are potentially associated with a poor prognosis in SFTS.
Comparative effectiveness of neoadjuvant chemotherapy plus surgery versus concurrent chemoradiotherapy in stages IB2 to IIB of cervical cancer: a meta-analysis
Authors: Gao Yue , Wang Huali , Jiang Meng 
Published: June 2024

ObjectivesTo assess the comparative efficacy of neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by surgery (NACT+S) versus concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) for patients with cervical cancer stages IB2 to IIB.MethodAn exhaustive literature search was conducted up to November 2023 in databases including PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library, focusing on disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS). Data were analyzed using STATA version 15.ResultsThe meta-analysis included data from two randomized controlled trials and eight retrospective cohort studies, totaling 2,879 patients with stages IB2 to IIB cervical cancer. Pooled data showed no significant difference in OS [hazard ratio (HR) 0.71, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.51 to 1.00, p = 0.052] and DFS (HR 0.65, 95% CI: 0.38 to 1.14, p = 0.132) between NACT+S and CCRT. Subgroup analysis revealed that NACT+S provided a better OS in Asian populations, retrospective cohort studies, TP regimen chemotherapy, and multivariate analysis.ConclusionThe findings indicate that CCRT and NACT+S are comparably effective for treating cervical cancer stages IB2 to IIB. Notably, in specific subgroups such as Asian patients and those receiving the TP regimen, NACT+S appears to enhance OS.
The impact of sleep quality on visual working memory varied with the duration of maintenance
Authors: Gong Li , Wang Mengwei , Ye Chaoxiong , Liu Qiang 
Published: June 2024

ObjectiveSleep quality can affect the performance of visual working memory. However, the effect of sleep quality on the maintenance stage, which is the key to maintain the quality and efficiency of visual working memory representation, remains unclear. This study is the first to explore the effect of sleep quality on the maintenance of visual working memory information.Method60 healthy college students completed the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and color recall task of visual working memory. A mixed experimental design of sleep quality (high or low) and delay duration (1, 4, or 6 s) was used to assess the effect of sleep quality on the maintenance phase of visual working memory.ResultsThe main effects of sleep quality were significant on visual working memory quantity, precision and offset indexes. Among the quantity index, the interaction between sleep quality and delay duration was also significant. This suggests that prolonging the delay time in the maintenance phase leads to difficulty in maintaining attention to the task for those with lower sleep quality, which results in poorer working memory quantitative representations.ConclusionIncreases in the delay duration of the maintenance phase in visual working memory intensify the impact of sleep quality on task performance. Our study provides evidence to reveal the relationship between sleep quality and visual working memory and offers recommendations for improving sleep quality and cognitive functioning in individuals.
Experience and side effects of COVID-19 vaccine uptake among university students: a cross-sectional survey study
Authors: Islam Md. Akhtarul , Nahar Mst. Tanmin , Rahman Abdur , Monjur Al Hossain A. S. M. , Jui Umme Johra , Tabassum Tarana , Barna Sutapa Dey , Tahmida Shafia , Mishu Afrina Akter , Parvin Shahanaj , Naime Jannatul , Attar Razaz Waheeb , Attar Renad Waheeb , Hossain Md. Tanvir 
Published: June 2024

IntroductionMany people expressed concern over coronavirus vaccinations’ reliability and side effects. This research aimed to assess university students’ perceptions and experiences regarding the side effects of the COVID-19 vaccines in Bangladesh.MethodWe conducted an online cross-sectional survey to collect responses from university students vaccinated with any vaccines administered in Bangladesh between November 2021 to April 2022. Bangladeshi university students over the age of 18 and having an internet connection was included in the study. A binary logistic regression analysis along with Pearson’s Chi-square test were used to identify COVID-19 vaccine-related side effects predictors after receiving the first dose.ResultsA total of 1,176 participants responded voluntarily to the online study, and most were vaccinated. More than half of the participants received the Sinopharm vaccine (56.5%), while others received Covishield (8.9%), Moderna (7.3%), and Pfizer (5.8%) vaccine. Around 32% of the participants reported side effects after receiving the first dose of the vaccine, including pain and edema (78.4%), body temperature (20.3%), and headache (14.5%), while a few experienced allergy, anxiety, and uneasy feelings. About 17% of the participants reported experiencing side effects after the second dose of the vaccine, including pain and edema (7.5%), body temperature (8.8%), and headache (7.3%). Most side effects were significantly associated with the Moderna vaccine (p &lt; 0.001). Female students and those previously infected with COVID-19 were significantly associated with the side effects after taking the first dose of the vaccine.ConclusionWe found that side effects are mild and did not pose a significant challenge to Bangladesh’s effort in managing and reducing the risk associated with the COVID-19 pandemic.