bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of smartphone-assisted lifestyle intervention in MASLD patients: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Kaewdech Apichat , Assawasuwannakit Suraphon , Churuangsuk Chaitong , Chamroonkul Naichaya , Sripongpun Pimsiri 
Published: June 2024

AbstractMetabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is emerging globally as a significant problem. The mainstay of treatment is lifestyle intervention (LSI). We hypothesized that providing information regarding LSI and MASLD through a social media application generally used in the respective society would improve clinical outcomes in MASLD more than standard of care (SOC). This is a randomized controlled study in noncirrhotic MASLD patients aged 18–65 years in Thailand. Eligible patients were randomly assigned to either the control (SOC) or intervention arm. Patients in both groups received standard LSI advice. Infographics about MASLD and LSI information were sent to the intervention group every 3–7 days via the LINE official account. The outcomes are changes in liver steatosis and liver stiffness by FIBROSCAN at 24 weeks, as well as weight loss, body composition, and serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) level between the two groups. A total of 122 patients were enrolled. The median age of eligible participants was 53 years, 64.7% were female, and median body mass index was 27.3 kg/m2. After a complete 24-week study period, both groups had an improvement in weight, ALT level, liver steatosis, and fat mass, but the differences in those changes between groups were not statistically significant. Interestingly, a significant improvement in liver stiffness was observed in the intervention group than in the control group (− 0.7 ± 1.8 kPa vs. 0.1 ± 2.4 kPa, P = 0.035). Encouraging LSI and delivering MASLD information via a social media application (LINE official account) to patients with MASLD demonstrated a better outcome of liver stiffness measurement than SOC.Clinical trial number: TCTR20210304002 (04/03/2021) (http://www.thaiclinicaltrials.org/show/TCTR20210304002).
Reaction-dependent optical behavior and theoretical perspectives of colloidal ZnSe quantum dots
Authors: Nguyen Duy Hoang , Kim Sung Hun , Lee Joon Sue , Lee Dong Su , Lee Hong Seok 
Published: June 2024

AbstractColloidal quantum dots (QDs) are attracting research interest because of their unique optical properties that result from the quantum confinement effect. ZnSe QDs, which are II–VI semiconductors, offer a wide direct bandgap (2.7 eV), making them promising for applications such as light-emitting diodes, photodetectors, and biomedical labeling. In the present work, colloidal ZnSe (QDs) were synthesized by the hot-injection method with a Zn:Se ratio of 1:1. The optical properties of ZnSe QDs obtained at different reaction times were investigated by spectrophotometric UV–vis absorption and emission measurements. The as-synthesized ZnSe QDs exhibit blue excitonic emission, and no defect emission was detected. Transmission electron micrographs indicated that the QDs have a spherical morphology with dimensions ranging from 3.69 to 4.53 nm. In particular, the Brus model was applied to demonstrate a correlation between the QD sizes and the optical bandgaps obtained from Tauc plots.
Reliable communication based on energy spreading transform and iterative detection in MIMO‐OFDM systems
Authors: He Bo , Xu Hongji , Ji Wei , Du Yan , Xiong Hailiang , Li Jun 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe challenge of ensuring reliability for high‐efficiency technology, multiple‐input‐multiple‐output orthogonal‐frequency‐division‐multiplexing (MIMO‐OFDM), in wireless frequency‐selective fading environments persists. In this article, the concept of spreading a symbol's energy is proposed as a viable solution to enhance transmission reliability for MIMO‐OFDM systems. And an energy‐spreading‐transform (EST)‐based MIMO‐OFDM transceiver is developed. Following the Inverse Fast Fourier Transform (IFFT) performed by the conventional MIMO‐OFDM transmitter, an orthogonal transformation called the EST is introduced. This transform spreads the energy of a symbol across the entire frequency domain and all time slots. The EST is coupled with the improved iterative detection algorithm named EST‐partial decision (PD)‐iterative‐interference‐cancellation (EST‐PD‐IIC) to maximize and leverage the potential diversity gain. Numerical simulation results demonstrate that the proposed scheme approaches the performance bound when signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR) is about 21dB for 16‐ary quadrature amplitude modulation (16‐QAM). Complexity analysis illustrates that the computational complexity of the evolved EST‐PD‐IIC algorithm is lower than that of the famous vertically Bell laboratory layered space‐time detector (V‐BLAST) when the antenna array size is greater than . In summary, the proposed scheme is practical for providing high‐quality communication in multi‐path fading environments and can even enable a reliable communication without channel encoding when Eb/N0 exceeds a threshold in 5G‐Advanced.
PSANet: Automatic colourisation using position‐spatial attention for natural images
Authors: Zhu Peng‐Jie , Pu Yuan‐Yuan , Yang Qiuxia , Li Siqi , Zhao Zheng‐Peng , Wu Hao , Xu Dan 
Published: June 2024

AbstractDue to the richness of natural image semantics, natural image colourisation is a challenging problem. Existing methods often suffer from semantic confusion due to insufficient semantic understanding, resulting in unreasonable colour assignments, especially at the edges of objects. This phenomenon is referred to as colour bleeding. The authors have found that using the self‐attention mechanism benefits the model's understanding and recognition of object semantics. However, this leads to another problem in colourisation, namely dull colour. With this in mind, a Position‐Spatial Attention Network(PSANet) is proposed to address the colour bleeding and the dull colour. Firstly, a novel new attention module called position‐spatial attention module (PSAM) is introduced. Through the proposed PSAM module, the model enhances the semantic understanding of images while solving the dull colour problem caused by self‐attention. Then, in order to further prevent colour bleeding on object boundaries, a gradient‐aware loss is proposed. Lastly, the colour bleeding phenomenon is further improved by the combined effect of gradient‐aware loss and edge‐aware loss. Experimental results show that this method can reduce colour bleeding largely while maintaining good perceptual quality.
Estimating the region of attraction of wind integrated power systems based on improved expanding interior algorithm
Authors: Liu Yang , Yao Huanjin , Chen Zengjie , Pei Xiangyu , Yang Yuexi , Wu Qinghua 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis paper proposes an improved expanding interior algorithm (EIA) to estimate the region of attraction (ROA) of power systems with wind power generation based on sum of squares (SOS) programming. An ordinary differential equation (ODE) model is derived for the doubly‐fed induction generator‐based wind turbine (DFIGWT), which is named as an enhanced synchronous‐generator‐mimicking (ESGM) model. The ESGM model bridges the gap between the requirement of an ODE model in ROA estimation and the conventional differential‐algebraic equation (DAE) model of the DFIGWT system. The ESGM model is able to accurately reflect the low frequency dynamics of the DFIGWT. Moreover, an improved EIA is designed to estimate the ROA based on SOS programming, which has higher efficiency than the existing ROA estimation algorithms based on SOS programming. It is able to adaptively search for the Lyapunov function and obtain an optimal estimation of the ROA in an iterative process. The accuracy and efficiency of this algorithm are verified in three test systems composed of DFIGWTs and synchronous generators (SGs). The morphological changes in the ROA of the test systems caused by the penetration of DFIGWT are examined.
Extended high gain DC‐DC converter with switched‐inductors, switched‐capacitors and soft‐switching: Analysis and implementation
Authors: Biswal Pravat , Bhajana Veera Venkata Subrahmanya Kumar , Iqbal Atif , Kakani Vijay , Popuri Madhuchandra 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis paper proposes an extended DC‐DC converter with high voltage conversion ratio and soft‐switching ability. The proposed converter has active switched‐inductors, switched‐capacitors included in the conventional high gain converter and operates in continuous conduction mode (CCM). Simple auxiliary resonant elements are added on the primary leg of the converter to provide design freedom for soft‐switching operation. The significant merits of the proposed converter are lesser voltage and current stresses, high voltage gain with reduced component count and better efficiency. Additional feature of this converter is soft‐switching operation under different load conditions and duty ratios without considerably increasing stresses. The zero voltage switching (ZVS) turn‐on operation is obtained for all switching devices. Therefore, switching power losses are minimized greatly. This paper presents the description, principles of operation and steady state analysis in comparison with the existing high gain converters. The theoretical analysis is verified with a 350 W prototype operated at input is 20 V and output is 220 V. The overall efficiency achieved is 96.7%. The obtained results confirm ZVZCS operation at full load.
Inter‐day energy storage expansion framework against extreme wind droughts based on extreme value theory and deep generation models
Authors: Zhu Yuhong , Dan Yangqing , Wang Lei , Yan Lei , Zhou Yongzhi , Wei Wei 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe worldwide occurrence of wind droughts challenges the balance of power systems between energy production and consumption. Expanding inter‐day energy storage serves as a strategic solution, yet optimizing its capacity depends on accurately modeling future renewable energy uncertainties to avoid over‐ or under‐investment. Existing approaches that use the historical extreme scenario set (HESS) to represent future conditions are contentious due to potential inadequacies in forecasting future extreme scenarios (ESs), including those on a decadal or centennial scale. This study addresses the issue by proposing an advanced energy storage expansion framework that leverages Extreme Value Theory (EVT) and a novel Deep Generative Model, namely the Diffusion Model. To model the extremes in a principled way, this work leverages EVT to establish a severity‐probability mapping for wind droughts, guiding the training process of the Diffusion Model. This model excels in generating ESs that accurately reflect the distribution of real‐world extremes, thereby significantly enhancing the predictive capacity of HESS. Case studies on a real‐world power system confirm the method's capacity to generate high‐quality ESs, encompassing the most severe historical wind droughts not included in the training dataset, thereby facilitating resilient energy storage expansion against unforeseen extremes.
SDSS1335+0728: The awakening of a ∼106 M⊙ black hole
Authors: Sánchez-Sáez P. , Hernández-García L. , Bernal S. , Bayo A. , Calistro Rivera G. , Bauer F. E. , Ricci C. , Merloni A. , Graham M. J. , Cartier R. , Arévalo P. , Assef R. J. , Concas A. , Homan D. , Krumpe M. , Lira P. , Malyali A. , Martínez-Aldama M. L. , Muñoz Arancibia A. M. , Rau A. , Bruni G. , Förster F. , Pavez-Herrera M. , Tubín-Arenas D. , Brightman M. 
Published: June 2024

Context. The early-type galaxy SDSS J133519.91+072807.4 (hereafter SDSS1335+0728), which had exhibited no prior optical variations during the preceding two decades, began showing significant nuclear variability in the Zwicky Transient Facility (ZTF) alert stream from December 2019 (as ZTF19acnskyy). This variability behaviour, coupled with the host-galaxy properties, suggests that SDSS1335+0728 hosts a ∼106 M⊙ black hole (BH) that is currently in the process of “turning on”.
Aims. We present a multi-wavelength photometric analysis and spectroscopic follow-up performed with the aim of better understanding the origin of the nuclear variations detected in SDSS1335+0728.
Methods. We used archival photometry (from WISE, 2MASS, SDSS, GALEX, eROSITA) and spectroscopic data (from SDSS and LAMOST) to study the state of SDSS1335+0728 prior to December 2019, and new observations from Swift, SOAR/Goodman, VLT/X-shooter, and Keck/LRIS taken after its turn-on to characterise its current state. We analysed the variability of SDSS1335+0728 in the X-ray/UV/optical/mid-infrared range, modelled its spectral energy distribution prior to and after December 2019, and studied the evolution of its UV/optical spectra.
Results. From our multi-wavelength photometric analysis, we find that: (a) since 2021, the UV flux (from Swift/UVOT observations) is four times brighter than the flux reported by GALEX in 2004; (b) since June 2022, the mid-infrared flux has risen more than two times, and the W1 − W2 WISE colour has become redder; and (c) since February 2024, the source has begun showing X-ray emission. From our spectroscopic follow-up, we see that (i) the narrow emission line ratios are now consistent with a more energetic ionising continuum; (ii) broad emission lines are not detected; and (iii) the [OIII] line increased its flux ∼3.6 years after the first ZTF alert, which implies a relatively compact narrow-line-emitting region.
Conclusions. We conclude that the variations observed in SDSS1335+0728 could be either explained by a ∼106 M⊙ AGN that is just turning on or by an exotic tidal disruption event (TDE). If the former is true, SDSS1335+0728 is one of the strongest cases of an AGN observed in the process of activating. If the latter were found to be the case, it would correspond to the longest and faintest TDE ever observed (or another class of still unknown nuclear transient). Future observations of SDSS1335+0728 are crucial to further understand its behaviour.
The turbulent life of NGC 4696 as told by its globular cluster system
Authors: Federle S. , Gómez M. , Mieske S. , Harris W. E. , Hilker M. , Yegorova I. A. , Harris G. L. H. 
Published: June 2024

Context. Globular clusters (GCs) are remarkable witnesses of their host galaxy’s interaction and merger history.
Aims. Our aim is to perform the photometric analysis of the globular cluster system (GCS) of the giant elliptical NGC 4696, which is the brightest member of Centaurus, a rich and dynamically young galaxy cluster.
Methods. We obtained deep Magellan 6.5 m/MegaCam (g′, r′, i′) photometry, with which we identified a sample of 3818 stellar clusters around NGC 4696 that were analyzed in the context of possible interactions and its assembly history.
Results. After carefully modeling and subtracting the galaxy light, we used selection criteria based on the shape, colors, and magnitudes to identify GC candidates. We find a number of features that indicate a disturbed GCS that points toward a complex evolution with other neighboring members of Centaurus. Formally, two subpopulations could be found at (g′−i′)0 = 0.763 ± 0.004 and (g′−i′)0 = 1.012 ± 0.004. Moreover, the color distribution does not show the presence of a significant blue tilt, but it presents a trend with the radius, where at small galactocentric distances a unimodal distribution is preferable to a bimodal one, suggesting the presence of an intermediate GC population. Besides the color distribution, the metallicity distribution also shows a bimodal trend, with peaks at [Fe/H]= − 1.363 ± 0.010 and [Fe/H]= − 0.488 ± 0.012. The radial density profiles show different slopes for the blue and red populations and the azimuthal distributions are well fitted by an asymmetrical sinusoidal function, with peaks projecting toward two nearby galaxies, NGC 4696B and NGC 4709, indicating past interactions among these three galaxies. Finally, we derived a GC specific frequency of S​N = 6.8 ± 0.9, in good agreement with the values obtained for other giant ellipticals and with previously estimated S​N of NGC 4696.
Conclusions. All these results point toward a complex GCS, strongly influenced by the interaction history of NGC 4696 with the other galaxies of the Centaurus cluster. In a future work, the spectroscopic follow-up of the GC candidates analyzed in this study and broadening the photometric baseline will allow us to highlight the formation and evolution of the entire Centaurus cluster.
Modeling the track of the GD-1 stellar stream inside a host with a fermionic dark matter core-halo distribution
Authors: Mestre Martín Federico , Argüelles Carlos Raul , Carpintero Daniel Diego , Crespi Valentina , Krut Andreas 
Published: June 2024

Context. Traditional studies of stellar streams typically involve phenomenological ΛCDM halos or ad hoc dark matter (DM) profiles with different degrees of triaxiality, which preclude us from gaining insights into the nature and mass of the DM particles. Recently, the maximum entropy principle of halo formation has been applied to provide a DM halo model that incorporates the fermionic (quantum) nature of the particles while leading to DM profiles that depend on the fermion mass. These profiles develop a more general “dense core – diluted halo” morphology that can explain the Galactic rotation curve, while the degenerate fermion core can mimic the central massive black hole (BH).
Aims. We model the GD-1 stellar stream using a spherical core-halo DM distribution for the host that simultaneously explains the dynamics of the S-cluster stars through its degenerate fermion core without a central BH.
Methods. We used two optimization algorithms in order to fit both the initial conditions of the stream orbit and the fermionic model. We modeled the baryonic potential with a bulge and two disks (thin and thick) with fixed parameters according to the recent literature. The stream observables were 5D phase-space data from the Gaia DR2 survey.
Results. We were able to find good fits for both the GD-1 stream and the S-stars for a family of fermionic core-halo profiles parameterized by the fermion mass. The particle masses are constrained in the range 56 keV c−2, with a corresponding DM core of ∼103 Schwarzschild radii, to 360 keV c−2, which corresponds to the most compact core of 5 Schwarzschild radii prior to the gravitational collapse into a BH of about 4 × 106 M⊙.
Conclusions. This work provides evidence that the fermionic profile is a reliable model for the massive central object and for the DM of the Galaxy. Remarkably, this model predicts a total Milky Way mass of 2.3 × 1011 M⊙, which agrees with recent mass estimates obtained from Gaia DR3 rotation curves (Gaia RC). In summary, with one single fermionic model for the DM distribution of the Milky Way, we obtain a good fit on three totally different distance scales of the Galaxy: ∼10−6 kpc (central, S-stars), ∼14 kpc (middle, GD-1), and ∼30 kpc (boundary, Gaia RC mass estimate).
The unexpected role of heliospheric boundaries in facilitating interstellar dust penetration at 1–5 AU
Authors: Godenko E. A. , Izmodenov V. V. 
Published: June 2024

Aims.Interstellar dust (ISD) particles penetrate the heliosphere because of the relative motion of the local interstellar cloud and the Sun. The penetrated particles pass through the heliospheric interface, that is, the region in which solar wind and interstellar plasma interact. As a result, the ISD flow is modified after the passage through this region under the influence of electromagnetic force. The main goal of this work is to show how the heliospheric interface affects the distribution of ISD particles near the Sun.Methods.We have developed a Monte Carlo model of the ISD distribution in the heliosphere. It first takes the effects of the heliospheric interface and the rotating heliospheric current sheet into account. The effects of the heliospheric interface were probed using a global heliospheric model.Results.The computation results show that the heliospheric interface strongly influences the distribution of relatively small (radiusa = 150 − 250 nm) astronomical silicates. The unexpected finding is that the heliospheric interface facilitates the penetration ofa = 150 nm particles at small heliocentric distances and, particularly, to the Ulysses orbit (1 − 5 AU). We demonstrate that the deflection of ISD particles in the outer heliosheath is the principal mechanism that causes the effects of the heliospheric interface on the distribution near the Sun. The computations with different heliospheric models show that the distribution near the Sun is sensitive to the plasma parameters in the pristine local interstellar medium. Thus, we demonstrated that being measured near the Sun, the ISD may serve as a new independent diagnostics of the local interstellar medium and the heliospheric boundaries.
Stationäre psychosomatisch-psychotherapeutische Rehabilitation und
ambulante Richtlinienpsychotherapie – Ergebnisse einer
versorgungsepidemiologischen Untersuchung
Authors: Linden Michael , Schymainski David , Solvie Julia , Rose Matthias 
Published: June 2024

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Die ambulante Richtlinienpsychotherapie stellt qualitativ und
quantitativ eine wichtige Behandlungssäule für Menschen mit psychischen
Störungen dar. Ergänzend stehen stationäre Einrichtungen zur Verfügung. Von
besonderer Relevanz und Häufigkeit sind diesbezüglich psychosomatische
Rehabilitationskliniken. Es fehlen jedoch Daten, zum Zusammenspiel zwischen
ambulanter und stationärer psychotherapeutischer Behandlung, d. h. in wie vielen
Fällen ambulanter Psychotherapiepatienten eine stationäre
psychosomatisch-psychotherapeutische Behandlung stattgefunden hat oder indiziert
wäre und bei welchen Krankheitszuständen.
Methode 131 niedergelassene Psychologische Psychotherapeuten und
Psychotherapeutinnen wurden im Rahmen eines Interviews zu insgesamt 322
Behandlungsfällen mit Blick auf die laufende Behandlung, vorangegangene
Reha-Maßnahmen und eine aktuelle Reha-Indikation befragt.
Ergebnis Nahezu 100% der Psychotherapiepatienten litten unter jahrelangen
psychischen Störungen und bei mehr als der Hälfte der Patienten lagen besondere
berufliche Problemlagen vor, was als Indikationsmerkmal für eine
psychosomatische Rehabilitation angesehen wird. 28% waren bereits in einer
Rehabilitationsmaßnahme, bei weiteren 28% wurde eine solche als indiziert
angesehen. Ein Vergleich von Patienten mit stattgehabten Reha-Maßnahmen,
aktueller Reha-Indikation und ohne Reha-Indikation zeigte, dass die beden
Gruppen der Rehapatienten älter waren, einen geringeren Bildungsstand hatten,
eine höhere Symptomschwere, einen problematischeren Behandlungsverlauf, eine
schlechtere Behandlungsprognose, einen höheren Grad allgemeiner sowie
beruflicher Teilhabeeinschränkungen und einen höheren Bedarf an
sozialmedizinischen Hilfestellungen.
Diskussion Die Daten der vorliegenden Untersuchung zeigen, dass viele
Patienten von Psychotherapeuten unter chronischen und teilhabebeeinträchtigenden
Erkrankungen leiden, bereits in psychosomatischer Rehabilitation waren oder
dorthin eingewiesen werden sollten. Richtlinienpsychotherapeuten sind daher
wichtige Kooperationspartner der stationären
psychosomatisch-psychotherapeutischen Rehabilitation, was sowohl den Reha-Zugang
wie die Reha-Nachsorge betrifft. Eine Aufgabe der Sozialversicherungsträger
sollte sein, die Voraussetzungen für eine gute sektorenübergreifende Kooperation
zu schaffen. Bei der hohen Zahl der Fälle wäre auch die Indikationsstellung für
eine stationäre psychosomatische Rehabilitation zu präzisieren.