bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Radio‐Guided Excision of Metastatic Lymph Nodes in Thyroid Carcinoma: A Safe Technique for Previously Operated Neck Compartments
Authors: Erbil Yeşim , Sarı Serkan , Ağcaoğlu Orhan , Ersöz Feyzullah , Bayraktar Adem , Salmaslıoğlu Artür , Gozkun Osman , Adalet Işık , Özarmağan Selçuk 
Published: July 2010

AbstractBackgroundBetter follow‐up of patients with papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) and more sensitive detection leads to detection of recurrences in the neck. Despite excellent outcomes, the major challenge is controlling locoregional recurrence. We aimed to investigate whether the radio‐guided excision of metastatic lymph nodes makes it possible to find the affected lymph nodes in patients with previously operated neck compartments.MethodThis prospective study included 46 patients with recurrent/persistent PTC who had previously undergone operation of the neck compartment. Prior to operation, the pathologic node was localized by ultrasound (US) and radiotracer (99mTc‐labeled rhenium colloid) was injected directly into the pathologic node. Careful dissection was carried out following the area of maximum radioactivity until the metastatic lymph node(s) were identified and excised.ResultOne affected lymph node was removed in 17 patients, and more than one lymph node (affected or additional nodes) was removed in 29 patients. The median count from the lesion was significantly higher than values from the lesion bed (background activity) (16,886 counts/20 s versus 52 counts/20 s; p < 0.001). During follow‐up, four patients were lost to follow‐up and 27 patients had negative US and basal thyroglobulin (Tg). Five patients had suspicious lymph nodes on the operated side. Although the basal Tg level remained above the normal limit, moderately high in 8 patients, no metastases were detected in the neck.ConclusionsRadio‐guided excision of metastatic lymph nodes can be performed safely for the detection and excision of recurrent thyroid cancer in the central and lateral neck.
Proteomic Analysis of the Systemic Response to Radiographic Contrast Media
Authors: Martinez Juan , Laskey Warren K. , Wells Cheri , Foghi Armin , Rohde Sarah , Ricciardi Mark , Mobarak Charlotte 
Published: July 2010

Abstract

Introduction
Radiographic contrast media (RCM) have numerous effects on the hemostatic system, inflammatory pathways, and vascular endothelium. Given the increasing number of high-risk patients undergoing radiographic procedures, more information regarding the systemic effects of RCM is needed.

Methods
Blood samples prior to baseline, 4 and 24 h following elective coronary angiography in 10 patients, were subjected to matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Data are presented as the ratio of the protein mass at 4 (iTRAQ4) and 24 h (iTRAQ24) compared to baseline. A ratio >1.0 and a ratio <1.0 indicate production and consumption, respectively, relative to baseline.

Results
In this sample, we identified 102 proteins with a confidence interval of ≥90%. Six proteins were identified at each time point in all patients. Of the proteins identified, apolipoprotein A-I, apolipoprotein A-II, complement C3, fibrinogen beta chain, immunoglobulin α, and prothrombin revealed an iTRAQ ratio <1.0 at 4 h when compared to baseline (all with p value <0.05) and a trend toward baseline levels at 24 h.

Conclusions
Systemic administration of RCM results in a variety of alterations to the proteome. Of interest, there is activation of the thrombotic and inflammatory pathways as well as an interaction with lipoprotein metabolism. These changes are most pronounced at 4 h but may persist through 24 h and may be of clinical relevance in patients at risk for thrombotic- and inflammatory-mediated consequences of atherosclerosis.
Gestational 30% and 40% fat diets increase brain GLUT2 and neuropeptide Y immunoreactivity in neonatal Wistar rats
Authors: Cerf Marlon E. , Williams Keith , van Rooyen Jacques , Esterhuyse Adriaan J. , Muller Christo J. , Louw Johan 
Published: July 2010

AbstractAdverse maternal nutrition induces developmental programming in progeny thereby predisposing them to metabolic disease. The aim of the study was to determine whether maternal diets, with varying fat percentages as energy, alter the expression of factors associated with brain glucose sensing (glucose transporter 2 and glucokinase) and the feeding response (neuropeptide Y and leptin). Pregnant dams were maintained on diets of 10% (control), 20% (20F), 30% (30F) and 40% (40F) fat as energy throughout gestation. In 1‐day‐old neonatal offspring, anthropometric measurements were recorded. Whole neonatal brain was rapidly excised, weighed and either snap‐frozen at −80 °C for quantitative RT‐PCR or fixed in formalin for immunohistochemical analysis. Brain glucose transporter 2, glucokinase, neuropeptide Y and leptin mRNA expression and immunoreactivity were determined in neonates. In the 20F neonates increases in body weight, head circumference and crown to rump length concomitant with reduced glucokinase immunoreactivity were found. The 30F neonates displayed increases in body weight, head length, head width, crown to rump length and immunoreactivity for both glucose transporter 2 and neuropeptide Y. The 40F neonates also demonstrated increased glucose transporter 2 and neuropeptide Y immunoreactivity.Fetal exposure to a gestational diet with 30% or 40% fat as energy results in increased immunoreactivity for brain glucose transporter 2 and neuropeptide Y, suggesting a programming effect of these diets that may represent an early event of obesity.
Pathogen resistance in the mothOrgyia antiqua: direct influence of host plant dominates over the effects of individual condition
Authors: Sandre S.-L. , Tammaru T. , Hokkanen H.M.T. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThe role of pathogens in insect ecology is widely appreciated but remains insufficiently explored. Specifically, there is little understanding about the sources of the variation in the outcome of insect-pathogen interactions. This study addresses the extent to which immune traits of larvae and pupae of the mothOrgyia antiquaL. (Lepidoptera: Lymantriidae) depend on the host plant species and individual condition of the insects. The two host plants,Salix myrsinifoliaSalisb. andS. viminalisL., were chosen because they differ in the concentration of phenolic glycosides, harmful to most polyphagous insects. Individual condition was assumed to be reflected in body weight and development time, and was manipulated by rearing larvae either singly or in groups of four. The resistance traits recorded were survival and time to death after fungal infection in the larval stage and the efficiency of encapsulating a nylon implant by the pupae. The survival of the infected larvae was mainly determined by the species of the host plant. Encapsulation response was not associated with the resistance to the pathogen, suggesting that the host plant affected the pathogen rather than the immune system of the insect. Interestingly, the host plant supporting better larval growth led to inferior resistance to the pathogen, indicating a trade-off between different aspects of host plant quality.
Distribution pattern of GFP (green fluorescent protein) in a bivalve-inhabiting hydrozoan, Eutima japonica (Leptomedusae: Eirenidae)
Authors: Kubota Shin , Nomaru Eriko , Uchida Hiroko , Murakami Akio 
Published: July 2010

Bright green auto-fluorescence was observed in the umbrellar margin, umbrellar marginal warts, tentacular bulbs, tentacles, and manubrium of laboratory-reared immature (1–14 days old) medusae of Eutima japonica from Japan and China. In vivo microscopic fluorescence spectra showed that the green fluorescence was similar to that of green fluorescent protein (GFP) found in Aequorea victoria, although the maximum emission wavelength (503 nm) was slightly bluer. No fluorescence was detected in the cirri, statocysts, radial canals, velum, or subumbrella of the medusae. The fluorescence distribution pattern in E. japonica more closely resembles that of Eugymnanthea inquilina from the Mediterranean Sea than that of Japanese Eugymnanthea japonica, which is the derived species of E. japonica. This suggests that the common fluorescence pattern is convergently evolved in the former two species, perhaps owing to the as yet unclarified physiological and/or ecological function of GFP and/or GFP-like proteins.
Photobiology of the symbiotic acoel flatwormSymsagittifera roscoffensis: algal symbiont photoacclimation and host photobehaviour
Authors: Serôdio João , Silva Raquel , Ezequiel João , Calado Ricardo 
Published: July 2010

The symbiotic association between the acoel flatwormSymsagittifera roscoffensisand the prasinophyte microalgaeTetraselmis convolutaewas studied regarding its photophysiology and photobehaviour. The photoacclimation status and the photophysiological responses to high light of the algal endosymbiont were studied non-destructively on individualS. roscoffensisusing pulse amplitude modulated fluorometry. Specimens collected in an intertidal sandy shore were characterized regarding the maximum quantum yield of photosystem II (PSII),Fv/Fm, and the light response of photosynthetic activity, by constructing rapid light-response curves of the relative electron transport rate of PSII, rETR. The studied population could be considered as high light-acclimated when compared with other intertidal photosynthetic organisms (e.g. macroalgae), with the light-saturation parameterEkaveraging 250 μmol m−2s−1. Light stress experiments showedS. roscoffensisto be able to withstand the exposure to high light without displaying signs of photoinhibition, suggesting the operation of efficient physiological photoprotective processes. The photobehaviour ofS. roscoffensiswas studied by characterizing the distribution of the flatworms under a light gradient, using a custom-made photoaccumulation chamber. The results showed a photoaccumulation pattern evidencing a clear avoidance of extreme low or high light levels, and with maximum photoaccumulation values being found for a range of irradiances (150–400 μmol m−2s−1) that generally coincided with the optima for photosynthetic activity. This matching between the optimum light levels for photosynthetic activity and photoaccumulation suggested thatS. roscoffensismay use vertical migration as a form of behavioural photoprotection. This behavioural response may be used to rapidly and flexibly control light exposure, avoiding photodamage to the endosymbiont photosynthetic apparatus by direct exposure to sunlight.
First insights into the biochemistry ofSabella spallanzanii(Annelida: Polychaeta) mucus: a potentially unexplored resource for applicative purposes
Authors: Stabili Loredana , Schirosi Roberto , Di Benedetto Angela , Merendino Alessandro , Villanova Luciano , Giangrande Adriana 
Published: July 2010

Although mucus plays many different roles among marine invertebrates, relatively little is known about the link between biochemical structure and function. In the present study we focused on some physical and chemical properties of the polychaeteSabella spallanzanii's mucus such as viscosity, osmolarity, electrical conductivity, elemental composition, the protein and carbohydrate content, the total lipids and fatty acid composition, and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) contamination. Moreover, an antimicrobial activity of the mucus was investigated. The water content ofS. spallanzaniimucus was 96.2±0.3%. By dry weight 26±1.2% was protein, 8±0.21% was carbohydrate and only 0.1% lipid, much of the remainder of the dry weight was inorganic (about 65.2%). The estimated PCBs content was <0.005 μg g−1. The mucus ofS. spallanzaniiexerted a natural lysozyme-like activity and producedin vitrothe growth inhibition ofVibrio anguillarum, Vibrio harveyi, Pseudomonas aeruginosaandCandida albicans.The findings from this study contribute to improve the limited knowledge available on the mucus composition in invertebrates and have implications for future investigations related to employment ofS. spallanzaniimucus as a source of compounds of pharmaceutical and marine technological interest.
Pacific Epimeriidae (Amphipoda: Crustacea):Epimeria
Authors: Lörz A.N. 
Published: July 2010

Epimeriidae is an amphipod family with a worldwide distribution. A new species was found from the Tasman Sea at a depth of 12 m depth and described in detail.Epimeria norfanzisp. nov. can be distinguished from otherEpimeriaby a combination of the following characters: coxal plates 1–3 ventrally rounded; protrusion of coxa 5 reaching the distal end of epimeral plate 2; and urosomite 1 with dorsal keel, telson not cleft. This new species increases the number of PacificEpimeriaspecies to ten. A brief synopsis of the PacificEpimeriaspecies is given and a key provided.
The relevance of Kant's objection to Anselm's ontological argument
Authors: HEATHWOOD CHRIS 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThe most famous objection to the ontological argument is given in Kant's dictum that existence is not a real predicate. But it is not obvious how this slogan is supposed to relate to the ontological argument. Some, most notably Alvin Plantinga, have even judged Kant's dictum to be totally irrelevant to Anselm's version of the ontological argument. In this paper I argue, against Plantinga and others, that Kant's claim is indeed relevant to Anselm's argument, in the straightforward sense that if the claim is true, then Anselm's argument is unsound.
Knowing and judging in International Relations theory: realism and the reflexive challenge
Authors: HAMATI-ATAYA INANNA 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThis article addresses the notion of reflexivity in international theory through an attempt to transcend the dichotomy between knowledge and judgement. It intends to demonstrate that neither ‘philosophical’ nor ‘scientific’ approaches to world politics can reconcile cognitive and evaluative claims, but that such an endeavour may be envisaged within a certain conception of knowledge, science and facts. A comparison of Morton Kaplan's approach with Hans Morgenthau's and Kenneth Waltz's suggests what kind of theoretical alternatives can bring together these two seemingly incommensurable orders of discourse under a unified, foundationally reflexive epistemology.
Trading sovereignty for stability? The political economy of monetary integration
Authors: RUSSELL JESSE 
Published: July 2010

AbstractHow do states attempt to mitigate the pressures of financial globalisation? This article suggests that options can be understood in terms ofmonetary regimechoice. These are best understood with their international component included – whether states integrate unilaterally, integrate multilaterally, or go it alone monetarily. But to understand the international side of monetary relations, one must look to domestic political structures, histories and politics. It is important that to understand that within the pressures of the international system, domestic politics is afons et origodetermining the health and stability of international economic relations.
Law, caution: towards a better understanding of law for IR theorists
Authors: SINCLAIR ADRIANA 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThe aim of this article is to provide International Relations (IR) theorists with a better understanding of law. This is important forallIR theorists, not just those who focus on international law, because the legalistic way of viewing the world colours all aspects of our world, from teaching us what justice is and providing the means to achieve it, to framing our understanding of human relations and giving us the language of rights with which to articulate it. This article has two main goals: first, to question our own assumptions about law; and second, to introduce IR theorists to the basics of legal methodology and demonstrate how law actually operates.
Significance of time-of-flight ion energy spectrum on energy deposition into matter by high-intensity pulsed ion beam
Authors: Xin J.P. , Zhu X.P. , Lei M.K. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractEnergy deposition by high-intensity pulsed ion beam into a metal target has been studied with time-of-flight (TOF) of ions which can be related to the original ion kinetic energy E0 and the ion mass with $t_{\rm TOF} \propto 1/\sqrt{2E_{0}/m_{i}}$. It is found that the TOF effect has a profound influence on the kinetic energy distribution of implanted ions and subsequent energy deposition process into the target. The HIPIB of mixed H+ and C+ was extracted from a magnetically insulated ion diode at a peak accelerating voltage of 350 kV, leading to an ion current density of 300 A/cm2 at the target. The widespread ion energy spectrum remarkably varied in shape as arriving at the target surface, from the original Gaussian-like of 80-ns duration to a pulse form of a sharp front and a long tail extending to about 140-ns duration. Energy loss of the mixed ions into a Ti target was simulated utilizing a Monte Carlo method. The energy deposition generally showed a shallowing trend and could be divided into two phases proceeded with sequent arrivals of H+ and C+. Note that, the peak value of deposited energy profile appeared at the beginning of mixed ion irradiation phase, other than the phase of firstly arrived H+ with peak kinetic energy and peak ion current. This study indicated that TOF effect of ions greatly affects the HIPIB-matter interaction with a kinetic energy spectrum of impinging ions at the target, noticeably differing from that of original output of the ion source; consequently, the specific energy deposition phenomena of the widespread ion energy can be studied with the TOF correlation of ion energy and ion current, otherwise not obtainable in common cases assuming fixed ion energy distribution in accordance with the original source output.
Isometries on extremely non-complex Banach spaces
Authors: Koszmider Piotr , Martín Miguel , Merí Javier 
Published: July 2010

AbstractGiven a separable Banach spaceE, we construct an extremely non-complex Banach space (i.e. a space satisfying that ‖ Id +T2‖ = 1 + ‖T2‖ for every bounded linear operatorTon it) whose dual containsE* as anL-summand. We also study surjective isometries on extremely non-complex Banach spaces and construct an example of a real Banach space whose group of surjective isometries reduces to ±Id, but the group of surjective isometries of its dual contains the group of isometries of a separable infinite-dimensional Hilbert space as a subgroup.
Bilateral hydronephrosis secondary to anticoagulant rodenticide intoxication in a dog
Authors: Hansen Naomi , Beck Cathy 
Published: July 2010

AbstractObjective:To describe an unusual site of hemorrhage in a case of anticoagulant rodenticide toxicity.Case summary:A dog treated for Brodifacoum anticoagulant rodenticide intoxication was referred for treatment of thrombocytopenia and dysuria. Sonographic examination revealed a large blood clot within the urinary bladder, extending proximally along both ureters, and a bilateral hydronephrosis. In this dog, management of the vitamin K1‐dependent coagulopathy was unusually complicated by uremia and thrombocytopenia.New information provided:This is the first reported case of hydronephrosis secondary to anticoagulant rodenticide intoxication in a dog.
Supramolecular insulin assembly II for a sustained treatment of type 1 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Gupta Sarika , Chattopadhyay Tandrika , Pal Singh Mahendra , Surolia Avadhesha 
Published: July 2010

Diabetes is a chronic disease requiring continuous medical supervision and patient education to prevent acute secondary complications. In this study, we have harnessed the inherent property of insulin to aggregate into an oligomeric intermediate on the pathway to amyloid formation, to generate a form that exhibits controlled and sustained release for extended periods. Administration of a single dose of the insulin oligomer, defined here as the supramolecular insulin assembly II (SIA-II), to experimental animals rendered diabetic by streptozotocin or alloxan, released the hormone capable of maintaining physiologic glucose levels for > 120 days for bovine and > 140 days for recombinant human insulin without fasting hypoglycemia. Moreover, the novel SIA-II described here not only improved the glycemic control, but also reduced the extent of secondary diabetic complications.
Logic Forest: an ensemble classifier for discovering logical combinations of binary markers
Authors: Wolf Bethany J. , Hill Elizabeth G. , Slate Elizabeth H. 
Published: July 2010

Abstract
Motivation: Highly sensitive and specific screening tools may reduce disease -related mortality by enabling physicians to diagnose diseases in asymptomatic patients or at-risk individuals. Diagnostic tests based on multiple biomarkers may achieve the needed sensitivity and specificity to realize this clinical gain.
Results: Logic regression, a multivariable regression method predicting an outcome using logical combinations of binary predictors, yields interpretable models of the complex interactions in biologic systems. However, its performance degrades in noisy data. We extend logic regression for classification to an ensemble of logic trees (Logic Forest, LF). We conduct simulation studies comparing the ability of logic regression and LF to identify variable interactions predictive of disease status. Our findings indicate LF is superior to logic regression for identifying important predictors. We apply our method to single nucleotide polymorphism data to determine associations of genetic and health factors with periodontal disease.
Availability: LF code is publicly available on CRAN, http://cran.r-project.org/.
Contact: wolfb@musc.edu
Supplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
PriorsEditor: a tool for the creation and use of positional priors in motif discovery
Authors: Klepper Kjetil , Drabløs Finn 
Published: July 2010

Abstract
Summary: Computational methods designed to discover transcription factor binding sites in DNA sequences often have a tendency to make a lot of false predictions. One way to improve accuracy in motif discovery is to rely on positional priors to focus the search to parts of a sequence that are considered more likely to contain functional binding sites. We present here a program called PriorsEditor that can be used to create such positional priors tracks based on a combination of several features, including phylogenetic conservation, nucleosome occupancy, histone modifications, physical properties of the DNA helix and many more.
Availability: PriorsEditor is available as a web start application and downloadable archive from http://tare.medisin.ntnu.no/priorseditor (requires Java 1.6). The web site also provides tutorials, screenshots and example protocol scripts.
Contact: kjetil.klepper@ntnu.no