bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Comparison of INNOVANCE® PFA P2Y and VerifyNow P2Y12 Assay for the Assessment of Clopidogrel Resistance in Patients Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
Authors: Jang Jiyoung , Lim Jihyang , Chang Kiyuk , Kim Yonggoo , Kim Myungshin , il Park Hae , Kim Jayoung , Shin Soyoung 
Published: July 2012

IntroductionVerifyNow P2Y12 is commonly used to measure responsiveness to clopidogrel. We sought to compare the results obtained from novel INNOVANCE® PFA P2Y and VerifyNow P2Y12 assay to assess the clopidogrel resistance in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention.MethodsA total of 255 patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention, preliminarily treated with 100 mg/day of aspirin followed by coadministration of clopidogrel (loading dose, 600 mg; maintenance dose, 75 mg/day), were enrolled in this study. Platelet aggregation was measured by INNOVANCE® PFA P2Y and VerifyNow P2Y12.ResultsINNOVANCE® PFA P2Y and VerifyNow P2Y12 assay showed moderate correlations with INNOVANCE® PFA P2Y vs. VerifyNow%inhibition: r = 0.412, P < 0.0001; INNOVANCE® PFA P2Yvs.VerifyNow P2Y12 reaction units (PRU): r = −0.402, P < 0.0001. The agreement between INNOVANCE® PFA P2Y and VerifyNow%inhibition was 85% and that of INNOVANCE® PFA P2Y and VerifyNow PRU was 79%. The k statistics between INNOVANCE® PFA P2Y and VerifyNow%inhibition and PRU were 0.52 and 0.44, respectively.ConclusionsThe sensitivity of INNOVANCE® PFA P2Y in detecting clopidogrel resistance is comparable to that of VerifyNow P2Y12 assay. As the PFA‐100® system is already widely used, the new test cartilage may be a useful tool for the assessment of clopidogrel effects. Additional clinical correlation studies are required to validate the effectiveness of INNOVANCE® PFA P2Y in predicting long‐term clinical outcomes. J. Clin. Lab. Anal. 26:262‐266, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The Clinical Significance of Serum Cystatin Cin Critically Ill Newborns With Normal Serum Creatinine
Authors: Cho Sun Young , Hahn Won‐Ho , Lee Hee Joo , Suh Jin‐Tae , Lee Anbok , Cho Byoung‐Soo , Suh Jin‐Soon 
Published: July 2012

BackgroundThe aim of this study is to evaluate the clinical significance of cystatin C(CysC) in the newborns who show normal serum creatinine (Cr) and who are in an intensive care unit.MethodsFrom July 2009 to May 2010, a total of 106 patients (53 male and 53 female newborns) in a neonatal intensive care unit at Kyung Hee Medical Center were enrolled in this study. When clinicians ordered CysC, it was tested using HiSens Cystatin‐C LTIA(HBi, An‐yang, Korea) on a Toshiba chemical analyzer (Toshiba, Nasushiobara, Japan).ResultsThe range of serum Cr and CysCwas from 0.1 to 0.8 mg/dL and from 1.0 to 2.3 mg/L, respectively. CysCpresented the wider amplitude of the changes in acute renal failure.ConclusionIn this study, CysCwithout an increased Cr showed only a mild increase. However, CysCreflected more delicate changes in newborns than the serum Cr. This characteristic of CysCcould make it very appropriate for a pediatric population, especially for critically ill newborns. J. Clin. Lab. Anal. 26:267‐271, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The Effect of Age on the Paraoxonase and Arylesterase Activity of Pregnant Mothers and Their Infants
Authors: Abuhandan Mahmut , Cakmak Alpay , Taskın Abdullah , Karakaya Emrah , Kocyigit Abdurrahim , Kılıc Hatip 
Published: July 2012

AimThe study aimed to research the effect of maternal age at pregnancy on the paraoxonase (PON) and arylesterase activity levels of mothers and infants.MethodThe study comprised 30 mothers aged more than 35 years and their infants, and 30 mothers aged under 25 years and their infants. All pregnancies had been of 38–42 weeks with normal spontaneous vaginal birth. PON and arylesterase activities were measured using paraoxon and phenylacetate substrates.ResultsWhen the PON and arylesterase enzyme activities were compared, the PON and arylesterase activity of the mothers aged more than 35 years was found to be statistically significantly lower compared to that of the mothers aged under 25 years (P = 0.006 and P = 0.03, respectively), while there was no statistically significant difference in PON and arylesterase enzyme activity between the two groups of infants (P > 0.05).ConclusionWhile the PON and arylesterase enzyme activity of the mothers aged more than 35 years was found to be significantly lower compared to that of the mothers aged under 25 years, there was no statistical significance between the infants. This can be explained by the reduced PON and arylesterase enzyme activity during pregnancies at an older age, although this did not affect the PON and arylesterase enzyme activity of the infants. J. Clin. Lab. Anal. 26:302‐306, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Cross‐section imaging with M‐mode as an alternative method for the measurement of brachial artery flow‐mediated vasodilation
Authors: Shin Dong Hoon , Lee Jin Soo , Hong Ji Man , Kim Sun Yong 
Published: July 2012

AbstractPurpose:Endothelial dysfunction is well known as a risk marker for initiation and progression of atherosclerosis. Flow‐mediated vasodilation (FMD) of the brachial artery induced by postischemic forearm hyperemia is a widely used noninvasive method for evaluating endothelial function. M‐mode ultrasonography offers high spatial and temporal resolution and is therefore suitable for diameter measurement of pulsatile vessels. We intended to compare FMD values obtained by M‐mode on cross‐section images and by the conventional method, ie, measurement with B‐mode ultrasonography on longitudinal images.Methods:We recruited 37 subjects (19 women, mean age: 48.3 ± 15.2 years; range: 23–71 years) in whom we measured the brachial artery diameters at baseline and at maximum dilation after forearm ischemia. FMD was calculated as the percentage of postischemic dilation.Results:Baseline (3.92 ± 0.72 versus 3.91 ± 0.58 mm; p = 0.97) and maximal dilated diastolic diameter (4.26 ± 0.76 versus 4.23 ± 0.61 mm; p = 0.84), FMD (8.98 ± 3.84 versus 8.14 ± 1.99%; p = 0.84), and time to maximum dilation (48.7 ± 9.0 versus 49.3 ± 6.4 seconds, p = 0.64) were not different between the two methods.Conclusions:M‐mode brachial artery diastolic and systolic diameter measurement is feasible, suitable, and accurate for the assessment of FMD without the need for electrocardiography. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound, 2013
Transient embolization with microspheres of polyhydroxyalkanoate renders efficient adenoviral transduction of pancreatic capillaryin vivo
Authors: Zhang Shui‐Li , Zheng De‐Jin , Fan Wen‐Zhu , Wei Dai‐Xu , Peng Si‐Wu , Tang Mi‐Mi , Chen Guo‐Qiang , Wei Chi‐Ju 
Published: July 2012

AbstractBackgroundOur previous study showed an efficient targeting of islets of Langerhans by adenoviral injection via the celiac trunk. Unexpectedly, none of the endothelial cells was infected given the direct contact between adenoviruses and the capillary wall. The present study intended to provide an efficient approach for adenoviral targeting of the microcapillary endothelial cells in the pancreas.MethodsWe prepared microspheres of poly(3‐hydroxybutyrate‐co‐3‐hydroxyhexanoate) (PHBHHx) with a size comparable to the diameter of capillary (5–10 µm). Scanning electron microscopy was applied to verify that adenoviruses carrying a green fluorescence protein gene were complexed with PHBHHx‐microspheres after 30 min of co‐incubation. The complexes were then injected into the pancreas of mice via the celiac trunk.ResultsApproximately 40% of endothelial cells in the pancreas were labeled 5 days after surgery. Islet cells were labeled occasionally, whereas labeling of the acinar and ductal tissues was barely detectable. Endothelium targeting was inefficient in other internal organs. Consistent with the reported superior tissue compatibility of PHBHHx, no discernable microspheres were found in all of the organs examined. Furthermore, splenocyte activation was dampened when adenoviruses were complexed with the microspheres.ConclusionsThe present study has established an approach for efficient pancreatic capillary targeting by using microsphere‐adenoviral complexes. This procedure could be invaluable for the treatment of capillary‐related diseases. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Identifying Codes in Line Graphs
Authors: Foucaud Florent , Gravier Sylvain , Naserasr Reza , Parreau Aline , Valicov Petru 
Published: July 2012

AbstractAn identifying code of a graph is a subset of its vertices such that every vertex of the graph is uniquely identified by the set of its neighbors within the code. We study the edge‐identifying code problem, i.e. the identifying code problem in line graphs. If denotes the size of a minimum identifying code of an identifiable graph G, we show that the usual bound , where n denotes the order of G, can be improved to in the class of line graphs. Moreover, this bound is tight. We also prove that the upper bound , where is the line graph of G, holds (with two exceptions). This implies that a conjecture of R. Klasing, A. Kosowski, A. Raspaud, and the first author holds for a subclass of line graphs. Finally, we show that the edge‐identifying code problem is NP‐complete, even for the class of planar bipartite graphs of maximum degree 3 and arbitrarily large girth.
CIVIL SOCIETY IN A MIDDLE‐INCOME COUNTRY: EVOLUTIONS AND CHALLENGES IN INDIA
Authors: Dubochet Lucy 
Published: July 2012

AbstractIn 2008, India met the $1005 level of gross national income per capita, the World Bank's threshold to qualify as middle‐income country. Other major countries have followed a similar trajectory, the consequence being that most poor now live in middle‐income countries. The evolution, and the economic situation in many donor countries, has prompted a debate about how best to focus efforts of poverty alleviation. The historic roles of civil society, state actors and foreign donors are increasingly questioned in this new context. This study provides insights into the changing role of civil society in middle‐income countries by presenting views from India. It uses the findings of 35 interviews with academics, members of civil society, donors and representatives of the corporate sector. How do they describe the evolution of social and economic issues? How are interactions between major stakeholders such as the government, the corporate sector and civil society changing? Does the role of civil society change in the current context, and what are the challenges for civil society? With donors phasing out, how will civil society be affected? Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
New insights into sexually dimorphic skin glands of anurans: The structure and ultrastructure of the mental and lateral glands in Hypsiboas punctatus (Amphibia: Anura: Hylidae)
Authors: Brunetti Andrés E. , Hermida Gladys N. , Faivovich Julián 
Published: July 2012

AbstractMany anuran species are characterized by sexually dimorphic skin glands. These glands often are concentrated on specific areas, such as the mental region, flanks, or the nuptial pads. We studied the histology and histochemistry of mental and lateral glands in Hypsiboas punctatus, and compared them to skin from other body regions. We describe four types of dermal glands, two types of mucous and two types of serous glands. The mucous glands are formed by a single layered epithelium. The mucocytes surrounding a central lumen are filled with polyhedral granules. Ordinary mucous glands are small sized glands with cubical epithelium, mucoid content, and small granules. Specialized mucous glands are characterized by a larger size, a columnar epithelium, a proteinaceous content and larger granules. Both types of serous glands are syncytial and share some structural features including size, shape, and morphology of secretory granules. However, ordinary and specialized serous glands differ in their histochemical properties, size and appearance of secretory granules, and glandular outlets. The specialized type of mucous glands in H. punctatus resembles most SDSGs described in anurans, whereas the presence of specialized serous glands that are sexually dimorphic is less common. Both specialized glands occur only in mental and lateral regions of males, whereas ordinary mucous and ordinary serous glands occur in males and females. J. Morphol. 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
4D blood flow visualization fusing 3D and 4D MRA image sequences
Authors: Forkert Nils Daniel , Fiehler Jens , Illies Till , Möller Dietmar P.F. , Handels Heinz , Säring Dennis 
Published: July 2012

AbstractPurpose:To present and evaluate the feasibility of a novel automatic method for generating 4D blood flow visualizations fusing high spatial resolution 3D and time‐resolved (4D) magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) datasets.Materials and Methods:In a first step, the cerebrovascular system is segmented in the 3D MRA dataset and a surface model is computed. The hemodynamic information is extracted from the 4D MRA dataset and transferred to the surface model using rigid registration where it can be visualized color‐coded or dynamically over time. The presented method was evaluated using software phantoms and 20 clinical datasets from patients with an arteriovenous malformation. Clinical evaluation was performed by comparison of Spetzler–Martin scores determined from the 4D blood flow visualizations and corresponding digital subtraction angiographies.Results:The performed software phantom validation showed that the presented method is capable of producing reliable visualization results for vessels with a minimum diameter of 2 mm for which a mean temporal error of 0.27 seconds was achieved. The clinical evaluation based on 20 datasets comparing the 4D visualization to DSA images revealed an excellent interrater reliability.Conclusion:The presented method enables an improved combined representation of blood flow and anatomy while reducing the time needed for clinical rating. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2012;36:443–453. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Constitutive expression, purification and characterisation of pectin methylesterase from Aspergillus niger in Pichia pastoris for potential application in the fruit juice industry
Authors: Jiang Xiuping , Chen Peng , Yin Maolu , Yang Qing 
Published: July 2012

AbstractBACKGROUND: Pectin methylesterase (PME) catalyses the hydrolysis of the methyl ester of pectin, yielding free carboxyl groups and methanol. PME is widely used in the food, cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries.RESULTS: PME from Aspergillus niger was constitutively expressed to a high level in the yeast Pichia pastoris. The recombinant PME was purified by a combination of ammonium sulfate fractionation and ion exchange chromatography, giving an overall yield of 28.0%. It appeared as a single band in sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, with a molecular mass of about 45 kDa. Optimal activity of the enzyme occurred at a temperature of 50 °C and a pH of 4.7. The Km, Vmax and kcat values of the enzyme with respect to pectin were 8.6 mmol L−1 [], 1.376 mmol min−1 mg−1 and 8.26 × 102 s−1 respectively. Cations such as K+, Mg2+, Ni2+, Mn2+ and Co2+ slightly inhibited its activity, whereas Na+ had no effect.CONCLUSION: PME from A. niger was constitutively expressed to a high level in P. pastoris without methanol induction. The recombinant PME was purified and characterised and shown to be a good candidate for potential application in the fruit juice industry. Copyright © 2012 Society of Chemical Industry
A quick method for identifying radiolytic hydrocarbons in low‐fat‐containing food
Authors: Toledano Rosa M , Martínez Rosa M , Barba Carmen , Cortés José M , Calvo Marta M , Santa‐María Guillermo , Herraiz Marta 
Published: July 2012

AbstractBACKGROUND: As radiation‐induced alterations of the lipid fraction of foods are related to their initial fat content, concentrations of fat degradation products used as irradiation markers are expected to be lower when irradiating low‐fat‐containing foods. Thus the sensitivity required when applying analytical methods for identifying irradiation markers in foods eventually depends on their respective amounts of fat. The aim of this study was to perform the qualitative analysis of characteristic hydrocarbons resulting from irradiation of samples with a fat content as low as 25 g kg−1.RESULTS: A rapid extraction using a small amount of ethyl acetate was the unique sample pretreatment required to accomplish the analysis of radiolytic markers by using on‐line coupling of reverse phase liquid chromatography and gas chromatography with mass spectrometry detection (RPLC/GC/MS). Efficient elimination of the large volumes (up to 2170 µL) directly transferred from LC to GC was achieved by optimising the operation mode of the through‐oven transfer adsorption/desorption system used as interface.CONCLUSION: The reported procedure allowed confirmation, in less than 65 min, of the occurrence of up to five irradiation markers, namely n‐pentadecane, 1‐hexadecene, 1,7‐hexadecadiene, n‐heptadecane and 8‐heptadecene, in cooked ham irradiated at doses as low as 2 kGy. © 2012 Society of Chemical Industry
Bacterial community dynamics, lactic acid bacteria species diversity and metabolite kinetics of traditional Romanian vegetable fermentations
Authors: Wouters Dorrit , Grosu‐Tudor Silvia , Zamfir Medana , De Vuyst Luc 
Published: July 2012

AbstractBACKGROUND: Artisanal vegetable fermentations are very popular in Eastern European countries. Fresh vegetables undergo a spontaneous fermentation in the presence of salt, which is mainly carried out by lactic acid bacteria (LAB).RESULTS: Culture‐dependent and culture‐independent analyses of end‐samples of various spontaneous vegetable fermentations carried out in houses of the Chiodju region (central Romania) revealed Lactobacillus plantarum and Lactobacillus brevis as the most frequently isolated LAB species. Leuconostoc mesenteroides and Leuconostoc citreum were also found. Furthermore, the community dynamics of spontaneous cauliflower and mixed‐vegetable (green tomatoes, carrots and cauliflower) fermentations revealed three steps: an initial phase characterised by the presence of Enterobacteriaceae and a wide LAB species diversity, encompassing Weissella species; a second phase from day 3 onwards wherein L. citreum and Lb. brevis occurred; and a final phase characterised by the prevalence of Lb. brevis and Lb. plantarum. Metabolite target analysis revealed that glucose and fructose were mostly depleted at the end of fermentation. The main products of carbohydrate metabolism were lactic acid, acetic acid, ethanol and small amounts of mannitol, indicating heterolactate fermentation.CONCLUSION: Given their prevalence at the end of vegetable fermentations, Lb. brevis and Lb. plantarum appear to be good candidate starter cultures for controlled vegetable fermentation processes. © 2012 Society of Chemical Industry
Concurrent two one‐electron transfer in the oxidation of chromium(III) complexes with trans‐1,2‐diaminocyclohexane‐N,N,N′,N′‐tetraacetate and diethylenetriaminepentaacetate ligands by periodate ion
Authors: Ali Ismat H. , Sulfab Y. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractThe kinetics of oxidation of [CrIIIcdta(H2O)]− and [CrIIIdtpa(H2O)]2− (where cdta = trans‐1,2‐diaminocyclohexane‐N,N,N′,N′‐tetraacetate and dtpa = diethylenetriaminepentaacetate) by periodate ion has been studied in aqueous solutions. The oxidation of these complexes was carried out in the pH range 5.52–7.44 for the [CrIIIcdta(H2O)]− complex and the pH range 5.56–8.56 for the [CrIIIdtpa(H2O)]2− complex. The reaction exhibited an uncommon second‐order dependence on [CrIIIL(H2O)]n (L = cdta or dtpa and n=−1 or −2, respectively) and a first‐order dependence on [IO−4]. At fixed reaction conditions, the reaction rate is described by Eq. (i). The third‐order rate constant, k3, varied with [H+] according to Eq. (ii).

equation image

equation image
A mechanism in which simultaneous one‐electron transfer from two [CrIIIL(OH)]n−1 ions to I(VII) is proposed. The two [CrIIIL(OH)]n−1 ions are bridged to I(VII) via the hydroxo group. Periodate ion is known to undergo rapid substitution or expansion of its coordination number from four to six. The activation parameters ΔH* and ΔS* were calculated using the Eyring equation. The relatively high negative values of ΔS* are consistent with an associative process preceding electron transfer. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Chem Kinet 44: 729–735, 2012
On Spector's bar recursion
Authors: Oliva Paulo , Powell Thomas 
Published: July 2012

AbstractWe show that Spector's “restricted” form of bar recursion is sufficient (over system T) to define Spector's search functional. This new result is then used to show that Spector's restricted form of bar recursion is in fact as general as the supposedly more general form of bar recursion. Given that these two forms of bar recursion correspond to the (explicitly controlled) iterated products of selection function and quantifiers, it follows that this iterated product of selection functions is T‐equivalent to the corresponding iterated product of quantifiers.
Thermally‐Activated Pentanol Delivery from Precursor Poly(p‐phenylenevinylene)s for MEMS Lubrication
Authors: Johnson Ross S. , Washburn Cody M. , Staton Alan W. , Moorman Matthew W. , Manginell Ronald P. , Dugger Michael T. , Dirk Shawn M. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractThe synthesis of two new polyphenylene vinylene (PPV) precursor polymers which can be thermally induced to eliminate pentanol is presented. Pentanol has recently been discovered to be a very useful lubricant in MicroElectroMechanical Systems. The utilization of the elimination reaction of precursor polymers to PPV as a small molecule delivery platform has, to the best of our knowledge, not been previously reported. The elimination reactions were examined using thermal gravimetric analysis, gas chromatography, and UV–Vis spectroscopy. Using PPV precursors allows for (1) a high loading of lubricant (one molecule per monomeric unit), (2) a platform that requires relatively high temperatures (>145 °C) to eliminate the lubricant, and (3) a non‐volatile, mechanically and chemically stable by‐product of the elimination reaction (PPV).
Chimeric partial scapula and latissimus dorsi muscle flap for midfoot reconstruction: A case report
Authors: Chen Cha‐Chun , Lin Chi‐Huwang , Lin Yu‐Hsien 
Published: July 2012

AbstractFree muscular, osteomuscular, and fasciocutaneous flaps are widely used for midfoot reconstruction. The latissimus dorsi (LD) flap is rich in muscle mass, but the weight‐bearing ability of the reconstruction with its combination with a scapula or rib has not been evaluated. Here, we report a case of reconstruction of the right midfoot with the trauma‐related osteomyelitis using a free chimeric scapula and LD muscle flap in a 59‐year‐old woman with diabetes mellitus. After radical debridement and sequestrectomy, a 7 × 3 cm2 wound with a 5 × 3 cm2 bony defect was reconstructed with the chimeric scapula and LD muscle flap. The postoperative course was uneventful. The bony union was achieved 6 months after surgery. In 14 months follow‐up, no clinical complications including a new ulcer or stress fracture were noted. At the end of follow‐up, the gait analysis showed an unbalanced stress distribution on the right foot and a valgus gait. We suggest that this chimeric scapula and LD muscle flap may be an alternative option for midfoot reconstruction. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microsurgery, 2012.