bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Correlates of Homeless Episodes Among Indigenous People
Authors: Whitbeck Les B. , Crawford Devan M. , Sittner Hartshorn Kelley J. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractThis study reports the correlates of homeless episodes among 873 Indigenous adults who are part of an ongoing longitudinal study on four reservations in the Northern Midwest and four Canadian First Nation reserves. Descriptive analyses depict differences between those who have and have not experienced an episode of homelessness in their lifetimes. Multivariate analyses assess factors associated with a history of homeless episodes at the time of their first interview and differentiate correlates of “near homelessness” (i.e., doubling up) and “homeless episodes” (periods of actual homelessness). Results show that individuals with a history of homeless episodes had significantly more individual and family health, mental health, and substance abuse problems. Periods of homelessness also were associated with financial problems. Among the female caretakers who experienced episodes of homelessness over the course of the study, the majority had been homeless at least once prior to the start of the study and approximately one‐fifth met criteria for lifetime alcohol dependence, drug abuse, or major depression. Family adversity during childhood was also common for women experiencing homelessness during the study.
Systems of Care: The Story Behind the Numbers
Authors: Brashears Freda , Davis Cliff , Katz-Leavy Judith 
Published: June 2011

AbstractThis article presents a brief description of a longitudinal study of system‐level change, offers observations about what has been learned about the evolution of systems of care from the unique and qualified perspectives of the group of site visitors who gathered the data for the study, and identifies a set of issues that needs to be addressed to advance the system of care model in community based care of children and youth with behavioral health needs and their families. The article describes the system of care assessment portion of the national evaluation of the Federal Children's Mental Health Initiative and presents a brief summary of accumulated findings from the assessments conducted in communities funded in six successive waves of awards to provide context for the site visitors’ observations and the authors’ recommendations. The authors draw upon the expert observations of the site visitors, who represent many different disciplines and backgrounds, which suggest that, as a set of guiding principles, the system of care philosophy and approach seem to have become accepted standards of program practice and system operation in the funded sites, although implementation is uneven across principles and sites. The article concludes with the authors’ identification of high‐level system issues that must be addressed more effectively if systems of care are to come to scale.
Perceived parental psychological control and adolescent depressive experiences: A cross‐cultural study with Belgian and South‐Korean adolescents
Authors: Soenens Bart , Park Seong‐Yeon , Vansteenkiste Maarten , Mouratidis Athanasios 
Published: June 2011

ABSTRACTIn recent research on psychologically controlling parenting, debate has arisen about the cross‐cultural relevance of this construct, with some scholars arguing that the developmental outcomes of psychological control are culture‐bound and others arguing that the detrimental effects of psychological control generalize across cultures. This study aimed to add to this debate by examining the relevance of a distinction between two domain‐specific expressions of psychological control (i.e., dependency‐oriented and achievement‐oriented) in Belgian (N = 290) and South‐Korean (N = 321) adolescents. Multi‐group path analyses showed that associations between the domains of psychological control, depressive personality, and depressive symptoms were similar between the two samples. Overall, the findings are in line with the notion that the effects of psychological control generalize across culture.
Specialized multimodal outpatient treatment for children with chronic pain: Treatment pathways and long‐term outcome
Authors: Hechlerl Tanja , Martinl Annick , Blankenburgl Markus , Schroederl Sandra , Kosfelderl Joachim , Hölscherl Lisa , Deneckel Heide , Zernikowl Boris 
Published: June 2011

AbstractObjective: Despite the increased recognition of paediatric chronic pain, centres for providing appropriate treatment are scarce, and much remains unknown about optimal treatment approaches. The purpose of this study was to investigate effectiveness of multimodal outpatient treatment (MOT) through the examination of treatment pathways and long‐term outcomes.Methods: Within an observational longitudinal study, 275 children (4–18 years) formed the study group and received MOT. Over a 12‐month period, we followed the progress of the study group to identify how many children completed treatment, how many continued treatment and how many were stepped‐up to more intensive treatment. To investigate significant and clinically relevant changes in primary and secondary outcomes the study group was assessed at three consecutive treatment sessions (initial session, 3‐, 6‐month visit) and 12 months following the initial session.Results: Analysis of treatment pathways showed that 1/3 of the children did not attend the prescribed second and third visit to the clinic. Cessation of treatment correlated with significant improvement. Only a small number of children were still in treatment at 12‐month follow‐up (12%) or needed more intensive treatment (11%). At 12‐month follow‐up, almost 70% of children in the study group were able to attend school regularly. Pain intensity, pain‐related disability and inappropriate coping strategies were significantly reduced at 3‐month visit and remained stable at the subsequent time points.Conclusions: MOT appears to be beneficial for children with chronic pain. A short intensive intervention (comprising of a total of 2.5‐h) can lead to substantial improvements even for severely affected children.
The origin and disappearance of the late Pleistocene–early Holocene short-lived coastal wetlands along the Carmel coast, Israel
Authors: Sivan Dorit , Greenbaum Noam , Cohen-Seffer Ronit , Sisma-Ventura Guy , Almogi-Labin Ahuva 
Published: June 2011

AbstractThe formation of short-lived backswamps along the Carmel coast of Israel coincides with the rapid global sea-level rise during the late Pleistocene–early Holocene transition. The current study shows that the wetland phenomena originated around 10,000 yr ago and dried up shortly before the local Pre-Pottery Neolithic humans settled on the wetland dark clay sediments 9430 cal yr BP. Palaeontological and stable-isotope data were used in this study to elucidate previously published sedimentological reconstruction obtained from a core drilled into the western trough of the Carmel coastal plain. The water body contained typical brackish calcareous fauna, with variable numerical abundance and low species richness of ostracods and foraminifera. The δ18O and δ13C of the ostracodCyprideis torosashow close similarity to the present Pleistocene coastal aquifer isotopic values. This study therefore concludes that the wetlands were shallow-water bodies fed by groundwater, with no evidence of sea-water mixing. It seems that they developed as the result of high groundwater levels, transportation of sediments landward, and deposition of sand bars at the paleo-river mouths. It is still not fully understood why these wetlands deteriorated abruptly and disappeared within less than 1000 yr.
Holocene eolian activation as a proxy for broad-scale landscape change on the Gila River Indian Community, Arizona
Authors: Wright David K. , Forman Steven L. , Waters Michael R. , Ravesloot John C. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractEolian sediments are common within the middle Gila River Valley, southern Arizona, and reflect variability in eolian and fluvial processes during the late Holocene. This study focuses on deciphering the stratigraphic record of eolian deposition and associated luminescence dating of quartz extracts by single aliquot regeneration (SAR) protocols. Stratigraphic assessment coupled with luminescence ages indicates that there are four broad eolian depositional events at ca. 3145 ± 220 yr, 1950–1360 yr, 800 ± 100 yr, and 690–315 yr. This nascent chronology, correlated with regional archeological evidence and paleoclimate proxy datasets, leads to two general conclusions: (1) loess deposits, transverse-dune formation and sand-sheet deposition in the late Holocene are probably linked to flow variability of the Gila River, though the last two events are concordant with regional megadroughts; and (2) the stability of eolian landforms since the 19th century reflects the lack of eolian sediment supply during a period of fluvial incision, resulting in Entisol formation on dunes. The prime catalyst of eolian activity during the late Holocene is inferred to be sediment supply, driven by climate periodicity and variable flow within the Gila River catchment.
Immortalization and characterization of normal oral epithelial cells without using HPV and SV40 genes
Authors: Kibe Toshiro , Kishida Michiko , Kamino Masayuki , Iijima Mikio , Chen Lin , Habu Mika , Miyawaki Akihiko , Hijioka Hiroshi , Nakamura Norifumi , Kiyono Tohru , Kishida Shosei 
Published: June 2011

AbstractBackground: As oral neoplasm often originates from epithelium, an immortalized epithelial cell line could be useful for the research of oral carcinogenesis. Although several oral epithelial cell lines were reported, they were either derived from cancer or immortalized by human papilloma virus or simian virus 40 genes, which have the potential to induce carcinogenesis.Materials and methods: We established two immortalized cell lines from human oral epithelium by transducing mutant cyclin dependent kinase 4, cyclin D1, and human telomerase reverse transcriptase with or without dominant‐negative p53 into primary‐cultured normal oral gingival epithelial cells using recombinant lentivirus vectors and named them MOE (mouth‐ordinary‐epithelium) 1a and MOE1b, respectively.Results: MOE1 cells could be passaged for nine months or more, and the morphology of the cells did not change in comparison with that of fresh primary‐cultured epithelial cells. MOE1 cells did not show epithelial–mesenchymal transition. MOE1b cells retain functional p53 and were considered to have less risk of genomic instabilities. Anchorage‐independent growth was not observed in MOE1 cells. The expressions of cancer‐associated genes including keratin‐17 were not elevated in MOE1 cells, whereas oral cancer‐derived HSC‐2 cells showed overexpression of them. Furthermore, interleukin (IL)‐1β, IL‐6, IL‐8, tumor necrosis factor‐α, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)‐2, and MMP‐9 were induced in response to lipopolysaccharide or heat‐killed bacterium in MOE1 cells.Discussion: MOE1 cells kept the characteristics of normal epithelial cells without acquiring typical features of cancer cells and they could be useful not only for the study of oral neoplasm but also for other oral diseases.
Antioxidant enzymes induced by repeated intake of excess energy in the form of high-fat, high-carbohydrate meals are not sufficient to block oxidative stress in healthy lean individuals
Authors: Lim Sangbin , Won Hyeran , Kim Yeonghwan , Jang Miran , Jyothi K. R. , Kim Youngseol , Dandona Paresh , Ha Joohun , Soo Kim Sung 
Published: June 2011

It has been reported that high-fat, high-carbohydrate (HFHC) meals increase oxidative stress and inflammation. We examined whether repeated intake of excess energy in the form of HFHC meals alters reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and the expression levels of antioxidant enzymes and mitochondrial proteins in mononuclear cells, and to determine whether this is associated with insulin resistance. We recruited healthy lean individuals (n 10). The individuals were divided into two groups: one group (n 5) ingested 10878·4 kJ/d (2600 kcal/d; 55–70 % carbohydrate, 9·5–16 % fat, 7–20 % protein) recommended by the Dietary Reference Intake for Koreans for 4 d and the other group (n 5) ingested a HFHC meal containing 14 644 kJ/d (3500 kcal/d). Then, measurements of blood insulin and glucose levels, together with suppressor of cytokine signalling-3 (SOCS-3) expression levels, were performed in both groups. Also, cellular and mitochondrial ROS levels as well as malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were measured. Expression levels of cytosolic and mitochondrial antioxidant enzymes, and mitochondrial complex proteins were analysed. Repeated intake of HFHC meals induced an increase in homeostasis model of assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), together with an increase in SOCS-3 expression levels. While a single intake of the HFHC meal increased cytosolic and mitochondrial ROS, repeated intake of HFHC meals reduced them and increased the levels of MDA, cytosolic and mitochondrial antioxidant enzymes, and several mitochondrial complex proteins. Repeated intake of HFHC meals induced cellular antioxidant mechanisms, which in turn increased lipid peroxidation (MDA) and SOCS-3 expression levels, induced hyperinsulinaemia and increased HOMA-IR, an index of insulin resistance. In conclusion, excess energy added to a diet can generate detrimental effects in a short period.
Phenological diversity in the interactions between winter moth (Operophtera brumata) larvae and parasitoid wasps in sub-arctic mountain birch forest
Authors: Vindstad O.P.L. , Hagen S.B. , Jepsen J.U. , Kapari L. , Schott T. , Ims R.A. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractPopulation cycles of the winter moth (Operophtera brumata) in sub-arctic coastal birch forests show high spatiotemporal variation in amplitude. Peak larval densities range from levels causing little foliage damage to outbreaks causing spatially extensive defoliation. Moreover, outbreaks typically occur at or near the altitudinal treeline. It has been hypothesized that spatiotemporal variation inO. brumatacycle amplitude results from climate-induced variation in the degree of phenological matching between trophic levels, possibly between moth larvae and parasitoids. The likelihood of mismatching phenologies between larvae and parasitoids is expected to depend on how specialized parasitoids are, both as individual species and as a guild, to attacking specific larval developmental stages (i.e. instars). To investigate the larval instar-specificity of parasitoids, we studied the timing of parasitoid attacks relative to larval phenology. We employed an observational study design, with sequential sampling over the larval period, along an altitudinal gradient harbouring a pronounced treeline outbreak ofO. brumata. Within the larval parasitoid guild, containing seven species groups, the timing of attack by different groups followed a successional sequence throughout the moth's larval period and each group attacked 1–2 instars. Such phenological diversity within parasitoid guilds may lower the likelihood of climate-induced trophic mismatches between victim populations and many/all of their enemies. Parasitism rates declined with increasing altitude for most parasitoid groups and for the parasitoid guild as a whole. However, the observed spatiotemporal parasitism patterns provided no clear evidence for or against altitudinal mismatch between larval and parasitoid phenology.
First report ofTroglotrema acutum(Digenea, Troglotrematidae) in the Eurasian badgerMeles melesin the Iberian Peninsula and presumptive lesions caused in the host
Authors: Ribas A. , Molina-Vacas G. , Boadella M. , Rodríguez-Teijeiro J.D. , Fernández-Cardo R. , Arrizabalaga A. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractA total of 109 badgerMeles melesskulls from Catalonia (north-eastern Iberian Peninsula) were studied for helminths. The tremadodeTroglotrema acutumis reported here for the first time in the Eurasian badger in the Iberian Peninsula and southern Europe. Three methodologies were used to detect this trematode: an examination for surface lesions, axial computed tomography and fresh skull dissection. The damage caused in the affected skulls is described, along with details regarding the use of computed tomography to detect hyperostosis, leakage in the sinus structure and bone surface erosion in the affected skulls.
Leiomyosarcoma of the tonsil
Authors: Jones B F , Srinivasan V , Gumparthy K , Hughes D 
Published: June 2011

AbstractObjective:We report a case of leiomyosarcoma arising in the tonsil in a 73-year-old man.Method:Case report and review of the English language literature (using Pubmed, Ovid and Proquest databases).Results:To our knowledge, this is the first case of tonsillar leiomyosarcoma to be reported in the English language literature. Our patient presented with haemoptysis, unilateral odynophagia and an ulcerated, exophytic lesion of the tonsil. Histological examination confirmed the diagnosis of leiomyosarcoma, and the patient was treated with radical radiotherapy.Conclusion:Leiomyosarcomas are extremely rare in the head and neck; the common sites of origin are the skin and sinonasal tract. The overall prognosis is poor.
Cross-sectional study of phoneme and rhyme monitoring abilities in children between 7 and 13 years
Authors: SASISEKARAN JAYANTHI , WEBER-FOX CHRISTINE 
Published: June 2011

ABSTRACTWe investigated phonemic competence in production in three age groups of children (7 and 8, 10 and 11, 12 and 13 years) using rhyme and phoneme monitoring. Participants were required to name target pictures silently while monitoring covert speech for the presence or absence of a rhyme or phoneme match. Performance in the verbal tasks was compared to a nonverbal control task in which participants monitored tone sequence pairs for a pattern match. Repeated-measures analysis of variance revealed significant differences between the three age groups in phoneme monitoring, whereas similar differences were limited to the younger age groups in rhyme monitoring. This finding supported early and ongoing acquisition of rhyme- and later acquisition of segment-level units. In addition, the 7- and 8-year-olds were significantly slower in monitoring phonemes within consonant clusters compared to the 10- and 11-year-olds and in monitoring both singleton phonemes and phonemes within clusters compared to the 12- and 13-year-olds. Regression analysis revealed that age accounted for approximately 30% variance in the nonverbal and 60% variance in the verbal monitoring tasks. We attribute the observed differences to the emergence of cognitive processes such as segmentation skills that are critical to performing the verbal monitoring tasks.
Narrative competence and underlying mechanisms in children with pragmatic language impairment
Authors: KETELAARS MIEKE PAULINE , JANSONIUS KINO , CUPERUS JULIANE , VERHOEVEN LUDO 
Published: June 2011

ABSTRACTThis study investigated narrative competence in children with pragmatic language impairment (PLI) and the extent to which it is related to impairments in theory of mind and executive functioning (EF). Narrative competence was assessed using a retelling design in a group of 77 children with PLI and a control group of 77 typically developing children, aged 5. The children with PLI showed an overall poorer narrative competence as apparent in measures of narrative productivity, organization of content, and cohesion. Some of these differences could be attributed to language impairments. The remaining differences could be partly interpreted as pragmatic deficits. In typically developing children, narrative productivity skills were related to both theory of mind and EF, but only theory of mind explained unique variance once language ability was added to the model. In the PLI group, however, narrative productivity skills were solely related to EF, over and above language abilities. Organization of story content and cohesion were not related to any of the cognitive measures for either group. The results indicate that children with PLI show narrative deficits and that these deficits are related to EF.
Geography or pathology? Regional variation in atrial septal defect closure rates and techniques
Authors: Walker Wendy L. , Karamlou Tara , Diggs Brian S. , Ehieli Eric I. , Caddell Kirk A. , de la Cruz J. S. , Welke Karl F. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractBackgroundSince the introduction of percutaneous closure in the United States, rates of secundum atrial septal defect and patent foramen ovale closures have increased substantially. Whether or not closure rates are uniform or vary due to differences in regional practice patterns is unknown. We sought to investigate this by comparing regional rates of closure across Florida.MethodsWe identified all atrial septal defect closures from 2001 to 2006 in the Florida State Inpatient Database. Using small area analysis, zip codes were assigned to Hospital Referral Regions based on where patients were most likely to go for closure. We obtained population-normalised rates of overall, percutaneous, and surgical closure.ResultsOf 1830 atrial septal defect and patent foramen ovale closures from 2001 to 2006, 751 were surgical and 1004 were percutaneous. The statewide closure rate was 1.91 per 100,000 people per year; regional rates varied 3.8-fold from 0.78 to 2.94 per 100,000 people per year. Percutaneous rates varied sevenfold from 0.25 to 1.75 per 100,000 people per year, while surgical rates varied 2.71-fold from 0.53 to 1.44 per 100,000 people per year.ConclusionsDespite a consistent prevalence of atrial septal defects, and patent foramens ovale, rates of repair vary across regions, suggesting that closure is driven by provider practice patterns rather than patient pathology. Efforts should be directed towards increasing consensus regarding the appropriate, evidence-based indications for closure so as to avoid the costs and potential negative sequelae of over- or undertreatment.
Critical coarctation in an extremely low birth weight pre-term infant
Authors: Bialkowski Anja , Baden Winfried , Franz Axel R. , Poets Christian F. , Hofbeck Michael , Ziemer Gerhard 
Published: June 2011

AbstractNeonatal interventions for critical aortic coarctation may be associated with considerable morbidity and mortality if the patient is extremely premature. We report the successful treatment of critical coarctation in a 25-week, 740-gram infant using initial clipping of the duct until continued prostaglandin E1 infusion delayed end-to-end anastomosis 7 weeks later.
Managing Conflict and Stress in the Workplace: Theory and Practice
Authors: Palferman David 
Published: June 2011

AbstractThis article covers, and expands on, a presentation of the same name given at the BIALL Conference held in Brighton in 2010. The Health and Safety Executive Management Standards approach for tackling the cause of work-related stress was launched in November 2004. Since the launch, the HSE has worked with many thousands of organisations within the United Kingdom to implement the Management Standards approach. This work has provided the HSE with the opportunity to learn how best to manage the causes of work-related stress in the workplace.