bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Frequency Dependence of the Absorption Component of the Magnetic Susceptibility in Superconducting Y1Ba2Cu3O7
Authors: Ducharme S. , Durny R. , Hautala J. , Symko O. G. , Taylor P. C. , Kulkarni Sudhir 
Published: March 2011

ABSTRACTWe report measurements of an apparent magnetic-field-dependent absorption (imaginary part of the a.c. magnetic susceptibility) in superconducting Y1Ba2Cu3O7 ceramics and crystals. The absorption, which is observed over a wide range of frequencies but only when the material is below the superconducting transition temperature, is characterized by a narrow (∼ 30 Gauss FWHM at 6 MHz) peak and a wide (> 10 kG) feature, both of which are maximum at zero magnetic field. The absorption strength varies approximately as one over the square root of the frequency. The unusual magnetic-field-dependent peaks in the magnetic susceptibility are inherent in single grains and therefore do not originate from intergrain Josephson currents or multigrain (i.e., percolative) loops. The susceptibility peaks must be due to bulk behavior, interactons at grain surfaces, intragrain current loops, or intra-grain Josephson Junctions.
Effect of Oxygen Pressure on the Phase Transformation in the Y-Ba-Cu-O and Related Superconducting Oxides
Authors: Kubo Y. , Nakabayashi Y. , Tabuchi J. , Yoshitake T. , Manako T. , Ochi A. , Utsumi K. , Igarashi H. , Yonezawa M. 
Published: March 2011

ABSTRACTThe orthorhombic-tetragonal YBa2Cu3O7-δ phase boundary in the δ-T diagram was determined by the detailed isobar TG measurement under the oxygen partial pressures of 1 to 0.01 atm. The phase boundary was found not to be located at 5 = const, but to have a slope of dδ/dT∼−4.7 × 10-4K-1. Using the same method, the transformation temperatures of a series of lanthanide substituted systems were measured at 1 atm. O2. The transformation temperature increased with increasing the atomic number of the lanthanide element. All these experimental results are well explained in terms of the order-disorder transformation caused by the repulsion energy between the nearest neighbor oxygen atoms on the Cu plane sandwiched by Ba planes.
Synthesis and Superconducting Properties of Metastable Y(Ba2−xYx)Cu3O7+δ
Authors: Iqbal Z. , Reidinger F. , Bose A. , Cipollini N. , Eckhardt H. , Ramakrishna B. L. , Ong E. W. 
Published: March 2011

ABSTRACTThe oxygen-deficient orthorhombic oxide YBa2Cu3O7-δ has been the center of intense recent interest because of its high Tc superconducting proper-ties[l-3]. Recently, the structurally related La3Ba3Cu3O15-δ, has received increasing attention[4–9]. The pure Y analog[10,11] cannot be synthesized by usual solid state reaction routes probably because of its metastability near 880°C. Here we report on the successful synthesis of pure tetragonal Y3,Ba3CU6O15-δ (referred to as Y 3–3–6), via the firing of an atomically mixed citrate precursor at a relatively low temperature. X-ray diffraction data characterize Y 3–3–6 to be isostructural with the corresponding La compound[4]. The unit cell composition can then be written as: Y(Ba2−x Yx) CU3O7+δ with the parent compound at x = 0.50. Specimens of Y 3–3–6 at × = 0.50 and 0.375 annealed at 650°C under 1 atmosphere of O2 are non-superconducting. Higher pressure O2 annealing and fluorine-doping leads to a 1–5% superconducting volume fraction with onset at 85K. Annealing near 880°C creates a 10% superconducting fraction which shows near-zero resistivity at 62K and a reproducible, small resistive transition near 260K.
High Resolution Electron Microscopy and Electron Diffraction of YBa2Cu3O7−x
Authors: Krakow William , Shaw Thomas M. 
Published: March 2011

ABSTRACTExperimental high resolution electron micrographs and computer simulation experiments have been used to evaluate the visibility of the atomic constituents of YBa2Cu3O7−x. In practice, the detection of oxygen has not been possible in contradiction to that predicted by modelling of perfect crystalline material. Preliminary computer experiments of the electron diffraction patterns when oxygen vacancies are introduced on the Cu-O sheets separating Ba layers show the diffuse streaks characteristic of short range ordering.
Thermogravimetric Studies on Ba2YCu3O7−x
Authors: John Brannon C. , Anderson H. U. , Sparlin D. M. 
Published: March 2011

ABSTRACTThe recently discovered high transition temperature superconducting oxide Ba2yCu3O7−x is a p-type psuedoperovskite with ordered oxygen defects. The normal state conductivity is treated in terms of equilibrium defect concentrations using a modified Verway model.
X-Ray Absorption Study of Y1Ba2Cu3O7 and Gd1Ba2Cu3O7 Superconductors
Authors: Boyce J. B. , Bridges F. , Claeson T. , Howland R. S. , Geballe T. H. 
Published: March 2011

ABSTRACTX-ray absorption measurements of the high-Tc superconductors Y1Ba2Cu3O7-δ and Gd1Ba2Cu3O7-δ are essentially identical and show no significant difference in either near-edge or local structure from 4.2K to 688K. The position of the Cu edge suggests that the Cu valence in the superconductors is between that in CuO (formal valence of II) and that in KCuO2 (formal valence of III). Our EXAFS structural results agree well with the diffraction data. From the atomic vibrations, we find that the 2D Cu-O planes and the ID Cu-O chains form the most rigid parts of the structure, with an Einstein temperature of about 560K, compared with 390K for the Y-O bonds, 320K for Ba-O, and 260K for Cu-Cu and Y-Cu.
Superconductive Phases at ≃ 150, ≃200 and 250 °K in the Substituted Perovskite Series Y3−x (BaSr)x Cu3 O5-y
Authors: Dominguez J. M. , Guzman O. , Montoya A. , Del Angel P. , Agosta D. , Falcony C. 
Published: March 2011

ABSTRACTA series of ceramic oxides were prepared and characterized by DTA, X-ray diffraction and resistivity measurements. Partial drops in the electrical resistance were detected in the compounds Y3−x (BaSr)x Cu3,O5-y, which could be associated with partial superconductive phases.
Structure of Water and Electron Beam Damaged High Temperature Superconductors
Authors: Zhang J. P. , Li D. J. , Marks L. D. 
Published: March 2011

ABSTRACTHigh Resolution electron microscope observations of the effect of water vapour and the electron beam on high temperature superconductors indicate that the effects are very similar. Water vapour leads to the decomposition into a barium compound which in the microscope is barium oxide (presumably barium carbonate in air) which takes the form of whiskers on the surface and the green and brown phases. The electron beam first produces a true surface amorphous phase which on prelonged irradiation develops a barium oxide surface coating. Different from the results of ion beam damage, we have not seen any evidence for preferential formation of the amorphous phase at grain boundaries. These results indicate that as the oxygen content of the material is reduced, the barium cations become more mobile and can therefore diffuse out to the surface.
The Role of H in Superconducting HxYBa2Cu3O7
Authors: Yang C. Y. , Heald S. M. , Reilly J. J. , Suenaga M. 
Published: March 2011

ABSTRACTWe have examined the role of H on the superconductivity properties, the atomic structure, and the electronic state in the HxYBa2Cu3O7. The hydrogen solid solution phase (up to ×≃O.2) exhibits a superconducting transition at 94 K, which was usually slightly higher than the starting oxide (YBa2Cu3O7, while the hydride phases (H rich) are not superconducting. Infrared (IR), x-ray diffraction, and x-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) measurements indicate that H is located interstitially only near Cu sites.
Magnetic Properties of Superconducting GdBa2Cu3O6+δat Low Temperature and High Field
Authors: Huang C. Y. , Shapira Y. , Hor P. H. , Meng R. L. , Chu C. W. 
Published: March 2011

ABSTRACTThe magnetization of antiferromagnetic superconducting GdBa2Cu3O6+δ has been measured for ∼1.5 < T ≤4.2 K for magnetic fields up to ∼20 T. We found that all Gd3+ spins are nearly parallel at very high fields, and that this saturated spin subsystem coexists with superconductivity. Below the Neel temperature, 2.22 K, we observed the transition from the “canted” phase to the paramagnetic phase by the application of a high magnetic field. The temperature dependence of this phase transition is also reported.
Exploratory Analysis of Multiple Omics Datasets Using the Adjusted RV Coefficient
Authors: Mayer Claus-Dieter , Lorent Julie , Horgan Graham W 
Published: March 2011

The integration of multiple high-dimensional data sets (omics data) has been a very active but challenging area of bioinformatics research in recent years. Various adaptations of non-standard multivariate statistical tools have been suggested that allow to analyze and visualize such data sets simultaneously. However, these methods typically can deal with two data sets only, whereas systems biology experiments often generate larger numbers of high-dimensional data sets. For this reason, we suggest an explorative analysis of similarity between data sets as an initial analysis steps. This analysis is based on the RV coefficient, a matrix correlation, that can be interpreted as a generalization of the squared correlation from two single variables to two sets of variables. It has been shown before however that the high-dimensionality of the data introduces substantial bias to the RV.We therefore introduce an alternative version, the adjusted RV, which is unbiased in the case of independent data sets. We can also show that in many situations, particularly for very high-dimensional data sets, the adjusted RV is a better estimator than previously RV versions in terms of the mean square error and the power of the independence test based on it.We demonstrate the usefulness of the adjusted RV by applying it to data set of 19 different multivariate data sets from a systems biology experiment. The pairwise RV values between the data sets define a similarity matrix that we can use as an input to a hierarchical clustering or a multi-dimensional scaling. We show that this reveals biological meaningful subgroups of data sets in our study.
Degradation of coatings based on 310S steel doped with Al and Ir additives by the scratch test
Authors: Kucharska Barbara 
Published: March 2011

Abstract
Mechanical tests of PVD coatings made on steel 310S were carried out within this study by the scratch test method. It was found that the additions of Al and Ir caused lower critical load values compared to the coating without additions. Despite the reduction of the critical load of the coating by the aluminium addition, the effect of aluminium was considered advantageous owing to the refinement of the structure causing the coating to become more plastic and reducing the number and sizes of micro-cracks. The addition of iridium results in an embrittlement of the coating structure and its poorer adhesion to the substrate. Comparison of the findings from the scratch test with the observations from an optical and a scanning microscopes was also made.
The zone strong coupling two-channel totally asymmetric simple exclusion processes
Authors: Xiao Song , Tang Liqiong , Wang Hua 
Published: March 2011

Abstract
This article investigates the zone strong coupling two-channel totally asymmetric simple exclusion processes (TASEPs). The study is based on Pronina and Kolomeisky’s work [J. Phys. A-Math. Gen. 37, 9907 (2004)], in which the coupling exists within two whole parallel channels. Zone strong coupling two-channel TASEPs focuses on the behavior and the effect of a particular segment rather than the whole channel. The study shows that there are five possible stationary phases; LD/LD, HD/HD, MC/LD, LD/HD, and MC/HD. The phase diagrams and the density profiles are investigated using computer Monte Carlo simulations and mean-field approximation. The outcomes of the simulations match agreeably with the analytical predictions.
Incidence of venous infarction after sacrificing middle-third superior sagittal sinus cortical bridging veins in a pediatric population
Authors: McNatt Sean A. , Sosa Ivan J. , Krieger Mark D. , McComb J. Gordon 
Published: March 2011

Object
The interhemispheric transcallosal approach offers an excellent surgical corridor for the treatment of deep-seated midline lesions. The approach typically requires the sacrifice of one or more middle-third superior sagittal sinus (SSS) cortical bridging veins, which introduces the risk of venous infarction and associated neurological injury. The authors studied the incidence of venous infarcts following this operative approach in a pediatric population.

Methods
The authors performed a retrospective review of surgical cases involving pediatric patients treated at the Children's Hospital Los Angeles between 1990 and 2007, in which an interhemispheric transcallosal operative procedure was performed and one or more middle-third SSS cortical bridging veins were occluded. Postoperative MR imaging studies done 1–3 days following the procedure were analyzed and compared with preoperative studies.

Results
Sixty-three patients met the inclusion criteria. No patient developed MR imaging evidence of venous infarction.

Conclusions
The occlusion of one or more middle-third SSS cortical bridging veins related to the interhemispheric transcallosal approach resulted in no incidence of cerebral venous infarction in this pediatric population.
Patients with Chiari malformation Type I presenting with acute neurological deficits: case series
Authors: Yarbrough Chester K. , Powers Alexander K. , Park Tae Sung , Leonard Jeffrey R. , Limbrick David D. , Smyth Matthew D. 
Published: March 2011

Object
A subset of patients with Chiari malformation Type I (CM-I) presented with acute onset of a neurological deficit. In this study the authors summarize their experience with these patients' clinical presentation, imaging results, timing of surgery, and outcome following decompression.

Methods
The authors reviewed clinical records, imaging studies, and operative notes from all patients undergoing posterior fossa decompression for CM-I at St. Louis Children's Hospital from 1990 to 2008. Of the 189 patients who underwent surgery, 6 were identified with the acute onset of a neurological deficit at presentation.

Results
All 6 children (age range 3–14 years, 3 boys and 3 girls) had either syringomyelia (5 patients) or T2 signal changes in the spinal cord (1 patient) and CM-I on initial MR imaging. Three patients presented after minor trauma (1 with paraparesis, 2 with sensory deficits). Three patients presented without a clear history of trauma (1 with abrupt onset of spontaneous dysphagia and ataxia, 2 with sensory deficits). Decompression was performed at a mean 7.7 ± 4.9 days after symptom onset (7.0 ± 1.6 days after neurosurgical evaluation). In 1 patient, symptoms had resolved by the time of surgery; in the remainder of the patients, clear improvements were noted within 2 weeks of surgery, with complete resolution of symptoms by 12 months postoperatively. Follow-up MR images were obtained in 4 patients, demonstrating improvement in the extent of the syrinx in each patient.

Conclusions
Children with CM-I and syringomyelia can develop acute spinal cord or bulbar deficits with relatively minor head or neck injuries. The prognosis for symptomatic improvement in the observed deficit is good, with each patient in our series showing resolution of deficits over time. However, based on this relatively limited experience, the authors suggest that patients who present with an acute neurological deficit and are found to have CM-I be managed with early posterior fossa decompression. Patients with CM-I and syringomyelia may be at higher risk of acute neurological deficit than those without a syrinx.
Management of cerebrospinal fluid leaks after anterior decompression for ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament: a review of the literature
Authors: Mazur Marcus , Jost Gregory F. , Schmidt Meic H. , Bisson Erica F. 
Published: March 2011

Object
Anterior decompression is an effective way to treat cervical myelopathy associated with ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL); however, this approach is associated with an increased risk of a dural tear and resultant CSF leak because fusion of the dura with the ossified PLL is common in these cases. The authors review the literature and present an algorithm for treatment of CSF leaks in these patients.

Methods
A MEDLINE review was performed to identify papers related to CSF leak after anterior decompression for OPLL, and data were summarized to identify treatment options for various situations. A treatment algorithm was identified based on these findings and the experience of the authors.

Results
Eleven studies were identified that presented data on intra- and postoperative management of a CSF leak during ventral surgery for OPLL. The incidence of cervical dural tears and CSF leaks after anterior decompression procedures for OPLL ranged from 4.3% to 32%. Techniques including preventative measures, intraoperative dural repair with various materials, and postoperative drainage or shunt placement have all been used.

Conclusions
Although direct dural repair is the preferred treatment for CSF leak, this technique is not always technically possible. In these cases, intraoperative adjuncts in combination with postoperative measures can be used to decrease the pressure gradient across the dural tear.
The genetics of ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament
Authors: Stetler William R. , La Marca Frank , Park Paul 
Published: March 2011

Object
Ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL) is a pathological process of ectopic calcification with a preponderance for the cervical spine. Epidemiological and familial studies have both indicated predisposition; however, the genetic inheritance pattern and responsible genes for OPLL are still uncertain. The aim of this study was to evaluate and summarize the current understanding of the genetics underlying OPLL.

Methods
The authors reviewed epidemiological and genetic studies surrounding OPLL, with a particular focus on inheritance patterns and potential genes responsible for OPLL, using a PubMed database literature search.

Results
Despite an unclear inheritance pattern, there appears to be a strong familial link in patients with OPLL. Examination of these patterns using linkage analysis has shown multiple candidate genes that could be responsible for the inheritance of OPLL. Genes for collagen, nucleotide pyrophosphatase, transforming growth factors, and the vitamin D receptor have all been implicated. Additionally, multiple cytokines and growth factors, including bone morphogenetic proteins as well as other proteins and interleukins involved in bone development, have been shown to be abnormally expressed in patients with OPLL. In addition, multiple mechanical and metabolic factors such as hyperinsulinemia and obesity have been shown to be linked to OPLL.

Conclusions
Ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament has a complex inheritance pattern. It does not appear that OPLL follows a simple, single-gene Mendelian inheritance pattern. Development of OPLL is more likely multifactorial in nature and develops in patients with a genetic predisposition from a variety of different mutations in various genes on various chromosomes. Additionally, environmental factors and interaction by other pathological disease processes, such as obesity and diabetes mellitus, may play a role in the development of OPLL in susceptible individuals.
Surgical management of cervical ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament: natural history and the role of surgical decompression and stabilization
Authors: Sugrue Patrick A. , McClendon Jamal , Halpin Ryan J. , Liu John C. , Koski Tyler R. , Ganju Aruna 
Published: March 2011

Object
Ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL) is a complex multifactorial disease process combining both metabolic and biomechanical factors. The role for surgical intervention and choice of anterior or posterior approach is controversial. The object of this study was to review the literature and present a single-institution experience with surgical intervention for OPLL.

Methods
The authors performed a retrospective review of their institutional experience with surgical intervention for cervical OPLL. They also reviewed the English-language literature regarding the epidemiology, pathophysiology, natural history, and surgical intervention for OPLL.

Results
Review of the literature suggests an improved benefit for anterior decompression and stabilization or posterior decompression and stabilization compared with posterior decompression via laminectomy or laminoplasty. Both anterior and posterior approaches are safe and effective means of decompression of cervical stenosis in the setting of OPLL.

Conclusions
Anterior cervical decompression and reconstruction is a safe and appropriate treatment for cervical spondylitic myelopathy in the setting of OPLL. For patients with maintained cervical lordosis, posterior cervical decompression and stabilization is advocated. The use of laminectomy or laminoplasty is indicated in patients with preserved cervical lordosis and less than 60% of the spinal canal occupied by calcified ligament in a “hill-shaped” contour.
Surgical anatomy of the Guyon canal in children
Authors: Luz Marcus Alexandre Mendes , Marques Maria Julia , Neto Humberto Santo 
Published: March 2011

Object
The anatomy of the Guyon canal is crucial for open and endoscopic surgeries for ulnar canal syndrome at the wrist level. It is also of interest for surgical treatment of carpal canal syndromes. Whereas the Guyon canal is largely described in adults, no studies exist in children. In the present study, the authors examined the Guyon canal in children.

Methods
Sectional anatomy was used. Thirty-two formalin-fixed cadavers (64 sides) were examined (age range 2–11 years). The hands were transversely cut into 2–3-mm-thick slices. Slices were placed in embedding medium, and transverse sections (10 μm thick) were stained with histological methods and photographed under a light microscope.

Results
The roof of the Guyon canal was attached to the flexor retinaculum laterally to the hamulus of the hamate bone. Thus, the radial boundary of the Guyon canal was lateral to the hamulus, which became part of the floor of the Guyon canal. An ulnar neurovascular bundle was found directly volar to the hamulus in 93.8% of the cases and slightly medial to the hamulus (to the ulnar side) in 6.2% of the cases. Proximally, the ulnar artery and nerve were sustained by the flexor retinaculum in direct apposition to the carpal canal.

Conclusions
In children, the Guyon canal displays an anatomical particularity regarding the topography of the ulnar artery and nerve that may be of relevance for intraoperative orientation and endoscopic navigation to avoid lesions to the ulnar nerve and artery in carpal and Guyon canal syndromes.