bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Target Reprogramming the 3′UTR of Tumor‐Suppressor Genes by a siRNA Composite Nanoparticle for Glioblastoma Therapy
Authors: Gu Bin , Zeng Xianyan , Gong Ming , Li Xiangyu , Yu Qian , Tan Zhengzong , Lou Zheqi , Jiang Tinghui , Che Yu , Ao Yiran , Zhu Yong 
Published: June 2024

AbstractGlioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most aggressive and common adult brain tumor. Current therapies primarily involve surgical resection, followed by chemotherapy and radiotherapy. However, the low survival rate due to high toxicity, side effects, and poor targeting necessitates novel treatments. Post‐transcriptional regulation pathways, particularly the regulation of alternative polyadenylation based on the mRNA 3′UTR, play a critical role in cell growth and development and the progression of tumors. Targeting tumor cells and reprogramming the 3′UTR of tumor suppressor genes to achieve post‐transcriptional regulation is expected to be a new channel for GBM therapy. Herein, a novel siRNA delivery system is developed based on mesoporous silica nanoparticles: siRNA composite nanoparticles (siRNA CNP). Encapsulation in MSNs overcomes siRNA degradation and cellular entry issues, while lipid bilayer coating improves biocompatibility and stability. Surface‐modified nucleic acid aptamer SL1 (Apt‐SL1) significantly enhances GBM targeting, offering therapeutic potential. The findings show that siRNA CNP effectively silences the promoter CFIm25 of distal poly(A) in tumor cells, inducing gene reprogramming, inhibiting tumor growth, and promoting apoptosis in nude mice. The siRNA CNP demonstrates a significant effect in reprogramming tumor suppressor genes and treating GBM. It offers a novel and promising therapeutic avenue for GBM.
Nanozybiotics: Advancing Antimicrobial Strategies Through Biomimetic Mechanisms
Authors: Zhou Caiyu , Wang Qian , Cao Haolin , Jiang Jing , Gao Lizeng 
Published: June 2024

AbstractInfectious diseases caused by bacterial, viral, and fungal pathogens present significant global health challenges. The rapid emergence of antimicrobial resistance exacerbates this issue, leading to a scenario where effective antibiotics are increasingly scarce. Traditional antibiotic development strategies are proving inadequate against the swift evolution of microbial resistance. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop novel antimicrobial strategies with mechanisms distinct from those of existing antibiotics. Nanozybiotics, which are nanozyme‐based antimicrobials, mimic the catalytic action of lysosomal enzymes in innate immune cells to kill infectious pathogens. This review reinforces the concept of nanozymes and provides a comprehensive summary of recent research advancements on potential antimicrobial candidates. Initially, nanozybiotics are categorized based on their activities, mimicking either oxidoreductase‐like or hydrolase‐like functions, thereby highlighting their superior mechanisms in combating antimicrobial resistance. The review then discusses the progress of nanozybiotics in treating bacterial, viral, and fungal infections, confirming their potential as novel antimicrobial candidates. The translational potential of nanozybiotic‐based products, including hydrogels, nanorobots, sprays, bandages, masks, and protective clothing, is also considered. Finally, the current challenges and future prospects of nanozybiotic‐related products are explored, emphasizing the design and antimicrobial capabilities of nanozybiotics for future applications.
Self‐Assembled Aza‐Boron‐Dipyrromethene‐Based H2S Prodrug for Synergistic Ferroptosis‐Enabled Gas and Sonodynamic Tumor Therapies
Authors: Zhao Jiajia , Bian Erbao , Zhang Renwu , Xu Tao , Nie Yang , Wang Linqi , Jin Gui , Xie Han , Xiang Huijing , Chen Yu , Wu Dejun 
Published: June 2024

AbstractGlioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most aggressive and lethal subtype of gliomas of the central nervous system. The efficacy of sonodynamic therapy (SDT) against GBM is significantly reduced by the expression of apoptosis‐inhibitory proteins in GBM cells. In this study, an intelligent nanoplatform (denoted as Aza‐BD@PC NPs) based on the aza‐boron‐dipyrromethene dye and phenyl chlorothionocarbonate‐modified DSPE‐PEG molecules is developed for synergistic ferroptosis‐enabled gas therapy (GT) and SDT of GBM. Once internalized by GBM cells, Aza‐BD@PC NPs showed effective cysteine (Cys) consumption and Cys‐triggered hydrogen sulfide (H2S) release for ferroptosis‐enabled GT, thereby disrupting homeostasis in the intracellular environment, affecting GBM cell metabolism, and inhibiting GBM cell proliferation. Additionally, the released Aza‐BD generated abundant singlet oxygen (1O2) under ultrasound irradiation for favorable SDT. In vivo and in vitro evaluations demonstrated that the combined functions of Cys consumption, H2S production, and 1O2 production induced significant death of GBM cells and markedly inhibited tumor growth, with an impressive inhibition rate of up to 97.5%. Collectively, this study constructed a cascade nanoreactor with satisfactory Cys depletion performance, excellent H2S release capability, and prominent reactive oxygen species production ability under ultrasound irradiation for the synergistic ferroptosis‐enabled GT and SDT of gliomas.
Sensory Nerve Regulation via H3K27 Demethylation Revealed in Akermanite Composite Microspheres Repairing Maxillofacial Bone Defect
Authors: Gu Kaijun , Tan Yu , Li Sitong , Chen Siyue , Lin Kaili , Tang Yanmei , Zhu Min 
Published: June 2024

AbstractMaxillofacial bone defects exhibit intricate anatomy and irregular morphology, presenting challenges for effective treatment. This study aimed to address these challenges by developing an injectable bioactive composite microsphere, termed D‐P‐Ak (polydopamine‐PLGA‐akermanite), designed to fit within the defect site while minimizing injury. The D‐P‐Ak microspheres biodegraded gradually, releasing calcium, magnesium, and silicon ions, which, notably, not only directly stimulated the osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) but also activated sensory nerve cells to secrete calcitonin gene‐related peptide (CGRP), a key factor in bone repair. Moreover, the released CGRP enhanced the osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs through epigenetic methylation modification. Specifically, inhibition of EZH2 and enhancement of KDM6A reduced the trimethylation level of histone 3 at lysine 27 (H3K27), thereby activating the transcription of osteogenic genes such as Runx2 and Osx. The efficacy of the bioactive microspheres in bone repair is validated in a rat mandibular defect model, demonstrating that peripheral nerve response facilitates bone regeneration through epigenetic modification. These findings illuminated a novel strategy for constructing neuroactive osteo‐inductive biomaterials with potential for further clinical applications.
Artificial Neutrophils Against Vascular Graft Infection
Authors: Jiang Wentao , Xu Huizi , Gao Zheng , Wu Ziyu , Zhao Zichun , Wang Jun , Wu Yawen , Ke Haifeng , Mao Chun , Wan Mimi , Zhou Min 
Published: June 2024

AbstractEfficient neutrophil migration to infection sites plays a vital role in the body's defense against bacterial infections and natural immune responses. Neutrophils have a short lifespan and cannot be mass‐cultured in vitro. Therefore, developing more stable artificial neutrophils (AN) in a controllable manner has become a research focus. However, existing AN lack chemotaxis, which is the ability to migrate toward high‐signal‐concentration positions in a dynamic blood‐ flow environment. Supplying AN with chemotaxis is key to designing AN that are more similar to natural neutrophils in terms of morphology and function. In this study, micrometer‐sized, spherical, biocompatible AN are developed. These AN consist of zeolitic imidazolate framework‐8 nanoparticles encapsulating two enzymes, coacervate droplet frameworks, and outer phospholipid bilayers carrying enzymes. The AN exhibit responsiveness to elevated hydrogen peroxide levels at inflammation sites, actively chemotaxing toward these sites along concentration gradients. They also demonstrate effective combat against Staphylococcus aureus infections. The capabilities of the AN are further validated through in vitro experiments and in vivo evaluations using vascular graft infection models. This study replicates natural neutrophils in terms of chemical composition, functionality, and physiological impact. It introduces new ideas for advancing the development of advanced artificial cells.
Public agricultural research, political economy, and climate change: A literature review
Authors: Miao Ruiqing , Ulucak Recep , Zilberman David 
Published: June 2024

AbstractImpacted by both economic and political forces, agricultural research serves as a critical approach to alleviating the adverse effects of climate change. Focusing on public agricultural research in the United States, this paper provides a literature review on research and development from the perspectives of the market environment and political economy. It also examines the current assessment of agricultural research effectiveness in addressing the challenges of climate change. A bibliometric analysis is conducted to appreciate the knowledge dynamics in the nexus of agricultural research, political economy, and climate change. Future research directions related to public agricultural research are discussed.
Full‐color‐tunable chiral aggregation‐induced emission fluorophores with tailored propeller chirality and their circularly polarized luminescence
Authors: Li Yifan , Liang Junhao , Fu Shiwei , Huang Haoxin , Liu Sheng , Wang Lei , Liu Yi 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe regulation of emission color, emission efficiency, and asymmetry factor is of great significance for the real applications of circularly polarized luminescent (CPL) materials. Herein, we develop a modular synthetic strategy toward full‐color‐tunable CPL materials based on chiral macrocyclic aggregation‐induced emission (AIE) luminogens via delicate molecular engineering. Modular synthesis of chiral AIEgens with different acceptor moieties has afforded a series of bright solid emitters with tunable emission colors. These chiral cyclic AIEgens have retained high solid‐state emission quantum yield and displayed CPL emission from blue to red as nano‐aggregates, in liquid crystal matrix and polymer film. The strong acceptor units in the red‐emitting chiral AIEgens RBTPE‐2CN and SBTPE‐2CN have rendered them twisted intramolecular charge transfer properties and solvatochromic luminescence. And polymer matrix with different polarity further facilitates the tuning of CPL emission color from green to red emission. These results have paved a reliable approach toward constructing full‐spectra solid‐state CPL material.
Long‐term impact of type 2 diabetes onset on dementia incidence rate among New Zealanders with impaired glucose tolerance: A tapered‐matched landmark analysis over 25 years
Authors: Yu Dahai , Wang Zheng , Osuagwu Uchechukwu Levi , Pickering Karen , Baker John , Cutfield Richard , Cai Yamei , Orr‐Walker Brandon J. , Sundborn Gerhard , Qu Bingjie , Zhao Zhanzheng , Simmons David 
Published: June 2024

AbstractINTRODUCTIONWe aimed to investigate the association between the onset of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and dementia incidence rates (IR) in the population with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) identified in primary care in New Zealand (NZ) over 25 years.METHODSTapered matching and landmark analysis (accounting for immortal bias) were used to control for potential effects of known confounders. The association between T2D onset and 5‐ and 10‐year IR of dementia was estimated by weighted Cox models.RESULTSThe onset of T2D was significantly associated with the 10‐year IR of dementia, especially in the socioeconomically deprived, those of non‐NZ European ethnicity, those currently smoking, and patients with higher metabolic measures.DISCUSSIONOur findings suggest that the onset of T2D is a significant risk factor for dementia in individuals with IGT. Dementia screening and structured diabetes prevention are vital in the population with IGT, particularly those from deprived or ethnic minority backgrounds.Highlights
Increased dementia incidence rate links with T2D onset in people with IGT.
Significant incidence varied by ethnicity, socioeconomic status, and health factors.
Results emphasize the diabetes manage and socioeconomic factors on dementia risk.
Secondary analysis highlights the key role of vascular health in dementia prevention.
Gender‐specific analysis of social connection patterns and risk of dementia in community‐dwelling older people
Authors: Htun Htet Lin , Teshale Achamyeleh Birhanu , Ryan Joanne , Owen Alice J. , Woods Robyn L. , Chong Trevor T.‐J. , Murray Anne M. , Shah Raj C. , Orchard Suzanne G. , Freak‐Poli Rosanne 
Published: June 2024

AbstractINTRODUCTIONPoor social connection is considered a risk factor for dementia. Since socializing behaviors may cluster together or act compensatorily, we aimed to investigate social connection patterns and their association with dementia, for men and women separately.METHODSA total of 12,896 community‐dwelling older adults (mean ± SD age: 75.2 ± 4.3 years, 54% women) without major cognitive impairment were included. Latent class analysis was conducted using 24 baseline social connection indicators. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to estimate the association between latent classes and incident dementia over 12 (median: 8.4) years follow‐up.RESULTSThree distinct classes were identified in both genders: strong social connections with an intermediate friend‐relative network (Class 1: men, 43.8%; women, 37.9%), weak social connections (Class 2: men, 29.6%; women, 27.4%), and strong social connections with a larger friend‐relative network (Class 3: men, 26.6%; women, 34.7%). Compared to Class 1, men in Class 2 (HR: 1.38, 95% CI: 1.08‐1.77) and women in Class 3 (HR: 1.27, 95% CI: 1.01‐1.60) had an increased risk of dementia.DISCUSSIONDementia risk varies with different social connection patterns among older men and women.Highlights
Three distinct social connection patterns were identified based on 24 indicators.
These patterns were related to dementia risk differently in men and women.
In men, a weak social connection pattern was associated with a higher dementia risk.
In women, a strong social connection with a relatively larger friend‐relative network was associated with a greater dementia risk.
Influence of ear tags on the results of body composition analysis in mice
Authors: Liu He , Zhang Yinghua , Zhang Peng , Teng Weiping , Shan Zhongyan , Li Yushu , Wang Dan 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of this study was to investigate the influence of marking methods on the outcomes of body composition analysis and provide guidance for the selection of marking methods in mouse body composition analysis.MethodsMale C57BL/6J mice aged 6 weeks were randomly assigned for pre‐ and post‐ ear tagging measurements. The body composition of the mice was measured using a small animal body composition analyzer, which provided measurements of the mass of fat, lean, and free fluid. Then, the mass of fat, lean and free fluid to body weight ratio was gained. Further data analysis was conducted to obtain the range and coefficient of variation in body composition measurements for each mouse. The distribution of fat and lean tissue in the mice was also analyzed by comparing the fat‐to‐lean ratio.Results(1) The mass of all body composition components in the ear tagging group was significantly lower than that in the control group. (2) There was a significant increase in the range and coefficient of variation of body composition measurements between the ear tagging group and the control group. (3) The fat‐to‐lean ratio in the ear tagging group was significantly lower than that in the control group.ConclusionsEar tagging significantly lowered the results of body composition analysis in mice and higher the results of measurement error. Therefore, ear tagging should be avoided as much as possible when conducting body composition analysis experiments in mice.
A well‐managed case of discontinuous anorectal injury caused by a personal watercraft treated by combining surgery and colonoscopy
Authors: Okuzawa Hiraaki , Endo Akira , Akutsu Tomohiro , Suzuki Keisuke , Hoshi Hiromasa , Kato Shunichiro , Ito Koji , Otomo Yasuhiro , Morishita Koji 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundAnorectal injury caused by personal watercraft (PWC)‐related trauma is rare. However, PWC accidents have increased recently, and since patients tend to be younger, treatment strategies should consider anal function preservation in addition to saving lives.Case PresentationA 30‐year‐old female patient who fell into the water when a PWC suddenly accelerated and injured her perineum with a forceful water jet was transported to our hospital. On examination, she was diagnosed with a traumatic rectal perforation with intraperitoneal findings and an anorectal injury. Emergency surgery, which involved direct suturing, temporary colostomy with intraoperative endoscopy for the rectal perforation, and anorectal reconstruction, was performed. The patient was discharged on postoperative day 19 without complications, and the colostomy was closed 5 months postoperatively.ConclusionWe encountered a case of multiple noncontinuous anorectal injuries due to a PWC accident that was successfully treated using a combination of surgery and intraoperative endoscopy.
Elucidating the Discrepancy between the Intrinsic Structural Instability and the Apparent Catalytic Steadiness of M‐N‐C Catalysts toward Oxygen Evolution Reaction
Authors: Cai Jinyan , Hao Xiaobin , Bian Zenan , Wu Yishang , Wei Cong , Yin Xuanwei , Liu Bo , Fang Ming , Lv Youming , Xie Yufang , Fang Yanyan , Wang Gongming 
Published: June 2024

AbstractDespite the widespread investigations on the M‐N‐C type single atom catalysts (SACs) for oxygen evolution reaction (OER), an internal conflict between its intrinsic thermodynamically structural instability and apparent catalytic steadiness has long been ignored. Clearly unfolding this contradiction is necessary and meaningful for understanding the real structure‐property relation of SACs. Herein, by using the well‐designed pH‐dependent metal leaching experiments and X‐ray absorption spectroscopy, an unconventional structure reconstruction of M‐N‐C catalyst during OER process was observed. Combining with density functional theory calculations, the initial Ni−N coordination is easily broken in the presence of adsorbed OH*, leading to favorable formation of Ni−O coordination. The formed Ni−O works stably as the real active center for OER catalysis in alkaline media but unstably in acid, which clearly explains the existing conflict. Unveiling the internal contradiction between structural instability and catalytic steadiness provides valuable insights for rational design of single atom OER catalysts.
Controlling Disinfection Byproducts at Maine Water's Mirror Lake Water Treatment Plant
Authors: Malenfant Anne , Ames Michael 
Published: June 2024

Key TakeawaysWith elevated disinfection byproduct (DBP) levels in its distribution system, a water treatment plant in Maine worked with an engineering consultant to develop solutions and avoid possible regulatory violations.Four mitigation options were determined—two of them immediate and two long‐term, with the chosen strategy being premembrane coagulation.Recommendations from the success of the DBP mitigation project include being proactive, collaborating with team members and outside experts, and planning for resilience.
Advancing Cobalt‐Free Lithium‐Ion Batteries through Electrochemical Model Refinement and Experimental Parametrization of LNMO|Gr Cells with Gel Polymer Electrolytes
Authors: Daems Kato , Román Victor , de Meatza Iratxe , Ayerbe Elixabete , Dermenci Kamil B. , Van Mierlo Joeri , Berecibar Maitane 
Published: June 2024

AbstractDeveloping new battery configurations is a time‐consuming process, electrochemical models can be employed to expedite the process by predicting the performance of battery designs. An electrochemical pseudo‐two‐dimensional modeling framework is created for both LNMO|LiPF6 in EC/PC/sulfolane|Gr and LNMO|PVdF GPE with 1.15 M LiPF6 in EC/PC/FEC/sulfolane|Gr configurations with gelifiable electrodes, leveraging the experimental characterization of battery components for enhanced accuracy. Parametrization experiments include quasi‐open circuit potential, galvanostatic intermittent titration technique, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, microscopy and the four‐point resistance method. The modeling framework is initiated at full coin cell level and subsequently extended to encompass monolayered, 200 mAh and 500 mAh multilayered pouch cells. Experimental validation, through voltage‐capacity measurements, ensures the accuracy of the models. The discharge curves indicate that cells incorporating GPE show similar performance with liquid electrolytes. The impact of increasing current rates on performance is examined by scrutinizing the polarization trends during discharge and the Li‐ion concentration in the electrolyte phase. Elevated C‐rates induce heightened polarization, detrimentally influencing performance. Importantly, the developed model for full coin cells can be seamlessly expanded to encompass 500 mAh multilayered pouch cells without requiring additional component characterization. This versatility allows the modeling framework to be a valuable tool for evaluating the performance of battery configurations at higher levels.
Protective effects of selegiline against amyloid beta‐induced anxiety‐like behavior and memory impairment
Authors: Mohamadpour Behnam , Mirazi Naser , Komaki Alireza , Basir Hamid Shokati , Hosseini Abdolkarim 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundAlzheimer's disease (AD) is a complex and common neurodegenerative disorder. The present study aimed to investigate the potential effects of selegiline (SEL) on various aspects of memory performance, anxiety, and oxidative stress in an AD rat model induced by intracerebroventricular injection of amyloid beta1‐42 (Aβ1‐42).MethodsOral administration of SEL at a dose of 0.5 mg/kg/day was performed for 30 consecutive days. Following the 30 days, several tests, including the open‐field, elevated plus‐maze, novel object recognition, Morris water maze, and passive avoidance learning were conducted to assess locomotor activity, anxiety‐like behavior, recognition memory, spatial memory, and passive avoidance memory, respectively.ResultsThe results indicate that the induction of AD in rats led to recognition memory, spatial memory, and passive avoidance memory impairments, as well as increased anxiety. Additionally, the AD rats exhibited a decrease in total antioxidant capacity and an increase in total oxidant status levels, suggesting an imbalance in oxidative‐antioxidant status. However, the administration of SEL improved memory performance, reduced anxiety, and modulated oxidative‐antioxidant status in AD rats.ConclusionsThese findings provide evidence that SEL may alleviate anxiety‐like behavior and cognitive deficits induced by Aβ through modulation of oxidative‐antioxidant status.