bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Systematic review of immunohistochemical biomarkers to identify prognostic subgroups of patients with pancreatic cancer
Authors: Ansari D , Rosendahl A , Elebro J , Andersson R 
Published: June 2011

AbstractBackgroundPancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) carries a dismal prognosis. There is a need to identify prognostic subtypes of PDAC to predict clinical and therapeutic outcomes accurately, and define novel therapeutic targets. The purpose of this review was to provide a systematic summary and review of available data on immunohistochemical (IHC) prognostic and predictive markers in patients with PDAC.MethodsRelevant articles in English published between January 1990 and June 2010 were obtained from PubMed searches. Other articles identified from cross-checking references and additional sources were reviewed. The inclusion was limited to studies evaluating IHC markers in a multivariable setting.ResultsDatabase searches identified 76 independent prognostic and predictive molecular markers implicated in pancreatic tumour growth, apoptosis, angiogenesis, invasion and resistance to chemotherapy. Of these, 11 markers (Ki-67, p27, p53, transforming growth factor β1, Bcl-2, survivin, vascular endothelial growth factor, cyclo-oxygenase 2, CD34, S100A4 and human equilibrative nucleoside transporter 1) provided independent prognostic or predictive information in two or more separate studies.ConclusionNone of the molecular markers described can be recommended for routine clinical use as they were identified in small cohorts and there were inconsistencies between studies. Their prognostic and predictive values need to be validated further in prospective multicentre studies in larger patient populations. A panel of molecular markers may become useful in predicting individual patient outcome and directing novel types of intervention.
Treatment of aortocoronary dissection complicating anomalous origin right coronary artery and chronic total intervention with intravascular ultrasound guided stenting
Authors: Abdou Sayed M. , Wu Chiung‐Jen 
Published: June 2011

AbstractAcute dissection of the ascending aorta is a rare complication of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Its mechanism involves disruption of the coronary intima by mechanical trauma, followed by subintimal injection of contrast, which, in turn, contributes to subsequent extension of the dissection. In contrast to spontaneous aortic dissection of ascending aorta, which mandates immediate surgical intervention, the appropriate therapy and outcome of this rare entity are not well established. We report a case of iatrogenic aortocoronary dissection, complicating transradial PCI for recanalization of anomalous origin right coronary artery (RCA) from the left coronary cusp with chronic total occlusion. The intimal tear was created by a balloon rupture in the proximal RCA, with propagation of dissection into the ostium and the coronary sinus of Valsalva. Intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) guided coronary stenting was performed to seal the entry port, and to break down the dissection route. This case indicates that IVUS can be a useful tool to ensure complete coverage of the intracoronary dissection and precise placement of the stent to fully cover the ostium of the culprit vessel. This can be particularly important in difficult situations, such as anomalous origin of RCA from the left cusp, with acute downward anterior angulation. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Emergency manual systemic‐to‐pulmonary artery autotransfusion for severe cyanotic spell
Authors: Kothari Shyam S. , Ramakrishnan Sivasubramanian , Bisoi Akshay K. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractCyanotic spell is an important complication of tetralogy of Fallot. We report a simple, innovative method that bailed out a patient with life‐threatening, refractory cyanotic spell in the catheterization laboratory. Manual autotransfusion of blood from aorta into the pulmonary arteries resulted in significant clinical improvement. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Pairwise subcarriers weighting for suppressing out‐of‐band radiation of OFDM
Authors: Xu Renhui , Zhang Jianfeng , Chen Ming , Wu Bingyang , Wang Hai 
Published: June 2011

SUMMARYThis paper proposes a subcarrier weighting technique to suppress the out‐of‐band radiation of OFDM signals. By mapping and weighting the same data on an adjacent pair of subcarriers, the spectrum sidelobes are suppressed perfectly through sidelobes mutual cancellation. The optimum weighting factor is derived based on a rectangular pulse‐shaped OFDM spectrum model. Compared with existing out‐of‐band suppression schemes, the proposed scheme not only requires less computational burden but also achieves better spectral roll‐off. For example, when the cyclic prefix of a one‐eighth OFDM‐block length is added, the proposed scheme suppresses the 10‐dB radiation at the center frequency between two subbands which are using cognitive radio. Analytical and simulation results also show that the proposed scheme improves the system carrier‐to‐interference ratio by 10 dB at a normalized frequency offset above 0.1, which leads to the performance improvement in terms of the BER on AWGN channel and multipath fading channel. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Gene expression profile of the regeneration epithelium during axolotl limb regeneration
Authors: Campbell Leah J. , Suárez‐Castillo Edna C. , Ortiz‐Zuazaga Humberto , Knapp Dunja , Tanaka Elly M. , Crews Craig M. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractUrodele amphibians are unique among adult vertebrates in their ability to regenerate missing limbs. The process of limb regeneration requires several key tissues including a regeneration‐competent wound epidermis called the regeneration epithelium (RE). We used microarray analysis to profile gene expression of the RE in the axolotl, a Mexican salamander. A list of 125 genes and expressed sequence tags (ESTs) showed a ≥1.5‐fold expression in the RE than in a wound epidermis covering a lateral cuff wound. A subset of the RE ESTs and genes were further characterized for expression level changes over the time‐course of regeneration. This study provides the first large scale identification of specific gene expression in the RE. Developmental Dynamics 240:1826–1840, 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Discrete regulatory regions control early and late expression of D‐Pax2 during external sensory organ development
Authors: Johnson Seth A. , Harmon Katharine J. , Smiley Sarah G. , Still Frances M. , Kavaler Joshua 
Published: June 2011

AbstractThe transcription factor D‐Pax2 is required for the correct differentiation of several cell types in Drosophila sensory systems. While the regulation of its expression in the developing eye has been well studied, little is known about the mechanisms by which the dynamic pattern of D‐Pax2 expression in the external sensory organs is achieved. Here we demonstrate that early activation of D‐Pax2 in the sensory organ lineage and its maintenance in the trichogen and thecogen cells are governed by separate enhancers. Furthermore, the initial activation is controlled in part by proneural proteins whereas the later maintenance expression is regulated by a positive feedback loop. Developmental Dynamics 240:1769–1778, 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Prescribing sunshine: A cross‐sectional survey of 500 Australian general practitioners' practices and attitudes about vitamin D
Authors: Bonevski Billie , Girgis Afaf , Magin Parker , Horton Graeme , Brozek Irena , Armstrong Bruce 
Published: June 2011

AbstractThis study aimed to assess the attitudes, practices and knowledge of general practitioners (GPs) with regards to vitamin D. A cross‐sectional survey of a random sample of GPs stratified by location of practice (rural/remote or metropolitan) and employment status (full‐time or part‐time) in New South Wales (NSW), Australia was conducted. Of 500 respondents, 58.1% (95% CI 53.8–62.4) reported that up to 39% of their tested patients showed vitamin D deficiency or insufficiency and a further 37.7% (95% CI 33.5–41.9) of respondents said that over 40% of their patients were vitamin D insufficient. Vitamin D supplementation and advice to receive more natural sunlight were the most common ways vitamin D insufficiency was managed (97.1%; 95% CI 95.6–98.6 and 82%, 95% CI 78.6–85.4, respectively). Some gaps in knowledge were identified. Most respondents (64%; 95% CI 59.8–68.2) believed that a person of average sun sensitivity required 10 min of direct sun exposure during summer in peak UV time and a further 21.6% (95% CI 18.0–25.2) believed that people required 30 min of direct sun. A third of respondents (33.1%; 95% CI 29.0–37.2) advised their patients to use sun protection at all times during winter. In general, the attitude items showed that respondents expressed greater concern about vitamin D deficiency than skin cancer. The results reveal some confusion in general practice regarding vitamin D, sun exposure, sun protection and skin cancer risk. Some of the advice that GPs are offering may needlessly increase their patients' risk for vitamin D insufficiency or skin cancer.
Deregulation of Snai2 is associated with metastasis and poor prognosis in tongue squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Wang Cheng , Liu Xiqiang , Huang Hongzhang , Ma Huibin , Cai Weixin , Hou Jingsong , Huang Lei , Dai Yang , Yu Tianwei , Zhou Xiaofeng 
Published: June 2011

AbstractThe members of the Snail superfamily of zinc‐finger transcription factors, including Snai1 and Snai2, are involved in essential biological processes, such as epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT). Although Snai1 has been investigated in a number of cancers, our knowledge on Snai2 and its role(s) in squamous cell carcinoma of oral tongue (SCCOT) is limited. In this study, we confirmed the previous observation that over‐expression of Snai2 is a frequent event in SCCOT. We further demonstrated that Snai2 over‐expression is associated with lymph node metastasis in two independent SCCOT patient cohorts (total n = 129). Statistical analysis revealed that Snai2 over‐expression was correlated with reduced overall survival. Furthermore, over‐expression of Snai2 was correlated with reduced E‐cadherin expression and enhanced Vimentin expression, suggesting a functional role of Snai2 in EMT. These observations were confirmed in vitro, in which knockdown of Snai2 induced a switch from a mesenchymal‐like morphology to an epithelial‐like morphology in SCCOT cell lines, and suppressed the cell invasion and migration. In contrast, ectopic transfection of Snai2 led to enhanced cell invasion and migration. Furthermore, Snai2 knockdown attenuated TGFβ1‐induced EMT in SCCOT cell lines. Taken together, these data suggest that Snai2 plays major roles in EMT and the progression of SCCOT and may serve as a therapeutic target for patients at risk of metastasis.
Development of a biodegradable foam for use in negative pressure wound therapy
Authors: Liu Jie , Morykwas Michael J. , Argenta Louis C. , Wagner William D. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractTreatment of wounds using negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) uses a nondegradable polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) foam in the application of negative pressures typically for 1–3 days. The purpose of this study was to construct and test biodegradable poly(ε‐caprolactone) (PCL) foam as a substitute for the PVA foam. Such a foam would be left within the wound until healing was achieved and form a biodegradable matrix into which tissue would grow. The use of such foam would obviate the need for any serial foam changes and a final foam removal, thus making patient care much easier and more economical. PCL foams were prepared by salt leaching and phase separation. Morphological and mechanical properties of the foams were characterized and compared to PVA foam. PCL and PVA foams were tested on the uncut surface of a pig liver maintained in a hydration chamber continuously replenished with saline under the conditions of negative pressure of 50 mm Hg for 72 h. The results demonstrated that PCL foam made from phase separation had the similar properties and function as the PVA foam. The results demonstrate that PCL foam is an appropriate substitute for currently used nondegradable PVA foam in NPWT applications. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2011.
Evaluation of the vessels of the cardinal ligament by transrectal ultrasonography with color Doppler imaging
Authors: Furukawa Naoto , Kawaguchi Ryuji , Kajihara Hirotaka , Kobayashi Hiroshi 
Published: June 2011

AbstractPurpose.Radical hysterectomy is the standard treatment for early‐stage cervical cancer. Although during surgery the vessels of the cardinal ligament are divided one by one until the splanchnic nerve is identified before they are dissected, there are individual differences in the numbers of vessels. In this preliminary study, we evaluated the accuracy of preoperative detection of the vessels of the cardinal ligament by transrectal sonography with color Doppler imaging (TR‐CDUS) with respect to the number of vessels detected intraoperatively.Methods.We included patients that underwent radical hysterectomy for cervical cancer in our hospital. The vessels of the cardinal ligament were detected preoperatively by TR‐CDUS. Radical hysterectomy was subsequently performed and the number of vessels found at surgery was recorded.Results.A total of 21 patients were included. The median number of the left vessels detected by TR‐CDUS and intraoperatively were 2 (range, 1–4) and 2 (range, 1–5), respectively. The median numbers of the right vessels detected were 3 (range, 2–4) and 3 (range, 2–4), respectively. The accuracy rates were 90.5% for the left cardinal ligament, 85.7% for the right ligament, and 81.0% for both cardinal ligaments.Conclusions.The results suggest that TR‐CDUS may be useful for preoperative detection of the number of the vessels of the cardinal ligament. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound, 2011
Comparison of monolithic and 1.8‐μm RP‐18 silica capillary columns using chromatographic data and mass spectrometric identification scores for proteins
Authors: Rozenbrand Johan , de Jong Gerhardus J. , van Bennekom Wouter P. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractA goal in proteomics is the analysis of proteins by LC‐MS. The proteins are enzymatically digested and the resulting peptides are chromatographically separated and introduced into a tandem MS. The obtained MS data are used for a search in sequence databases, providing identification scores for the proteins. A method to improve that score is to increase the chromatographic separation and peak capacity. In this study, the chromatographic conditions were optimized for a relatively large gradient time by varying the flow rate and gradient composition. The influence of the monolithic column length (15 and 64 cm) and particle diameter (1.8 μm; 15‐cm length) on the sample peak capacity, productivity and identification score was studied. For comparison of gradient systems, a scaling factor was introduced to normalize the properties/performance of columns for material, diameter and length. As model proteins/digests, a simple (myoglobin) and a larger (BSA) protein were used. The smallest peak width, highest identification scores (54 and 89% for BSA and myoglobin, respectively) and productivity (5.0 and 4.0, respectively) were obtained for the 15‐cm particulate column. The study also demonstrates that a further increase in the chromatographic performance is beneficial for BSA but hardly increases the identification score for the relatively small myoglobin.
The extent of lead fragmentation observed in deer culled by sharpshooting
Authors: Stewart Chad M. , Veverka Norman B. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractSharpshooting is a proven management technique to lower white‐tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) densities in areas where hunting is precluded. A donation program that allows for the consumptive use of these culled deer is often necessary to gain public approval for such a program. We culled 40 deer in Indiana using sharpshooting methods (head and neck shot placement) and radiographed the carcasses to determine if lead fragmentation spread throughout the skeletal muscle system. In 30 deer where shot placement was between the cranium and fourth cervical vertebrae, we observed no lead fragments in any thoracic or crural muscle tissue. Of 10 deer where shot placement was between the fifth and seventh cervical vertebrae, 8 deer experienced lead fragments in the extensor spinae muscle. Deer culled with highly frangible bullets via sharpshooting in the cranium or upper cervical spine have minimal risk of experiencing lead fragmentation in the thoracic or crural muscle systems. Deer shot in the lower neck may experience lead fragmentation in the anterior extensor spinae muscle, and up to 40 cm of that muscle should be removed before consumption. © 2011 The Wildlife Society.
Postoperative pain after adult tonsillectomy with plasmaknife compared to monopolar electrocautery
Authors: Clenney Timothy , Schroeder Ashley , Bondy Peter , Zizak Vincent , Mitchell Allen 
Published: June 2011

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:Monopolar cautery is the most commonly used technique for tonsillectomy. The aim of the present study is to compare postoperative pain using a new technology, PlasmaKnife tonsillectomy (PKT), in comparison with monopolar cautery tonsillectomy (MCT).Study Design:Prospective, randomized, single‐blinded, self‐controlled study using paired organs.Methods:Thirty‐two adult patients, aged 18 to 30 years, scheduled for tonsillectomy for recurrent tonsillitis were included. Patients were randomly assigned to undergo PKT on one side and MCT on the opposite side. The primary outcome was self‐rated daily pain assessed by using a 10‐point scale. Patients were provided 21‐day pain diaries and were phoned twice weekly by a research assistant to assess pain and remind them to complete diaries. Secondary outcomes included comparisons of operative time, blood loss, and postoperative complications.Results:Repeated measures analysis of variance comparing PKT to MCT during the 21‐day postoperative period revealed no difference in postoperative pain between the two groups (P = .131). In addition, total operative time (P = .276) and blood loss (P = .418) did not differ significantly between PKT and MCT.Conclusions:Adult subjects undergoing PKT do not experience less postoperative pain in comparison to MCT.
Evaluation of Norbornene‐Based Adhesives to Amine‐Cured Epoxy for Self‐Healing Applications
Authors: Huang Guang Chun , Lee Jong Keun , Kessler Michael R. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractHigh adhesive strengths are essential in self‐healing polymers. In these novel materials, healing is triggered by crack propagation through embedded microcapsules in an epoxy matrix, which then release the liquid healing agent into the crack plane. Subsequent exposure of the healing agent to an embedded chemical initiator triggers ring‐opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP), bonding the crack faces closed. In order to improve self‐healing efficiencies in these systems, it is necessary to improve the adhesion of the polymerized healing agent with the epoxy matrix. In this study, the adhesive shear strength between different norbornene‐based healing agents and an amine‐cured epoxy resin was evaluated using single lap shear specimens. The healing agents tested include endo‐dicyclopentadiene (DCPD), 5‐ethylidene‐2‐norbornene (ENB) and DCPD/ENB blends. 5‐Norbornene‐2‐methanol (NBM) and 5‐norbornene‐2‐exo,3‐exo‐dimethanol (NBDM) were used as adhesion promoters because they contain hydroxyl groups which can form hydrogen bonds with the amine‐cured epoxy adherend. A custom synthesized norbornene‐based crosslinking agent was also added to improve the adhesion of the polymerized ENB by increasing its crosslink density after ROMP. The effects of catalyst loading, polymerization time and cure temperature on the adhesive bond strength are studied in detail. magnified image
Reference data for ulnar nerve short segment conduction studies at the elbow
Authors: Korkmaz Murat , On Arzu Yağiz , Çaliş Funda Atamaz 
Published: June 2011

AbstractIntroduction: The aim of this study was to generate reference data for ulnar nerve short segment conduction studies (SSCSs) at 2‐cm intervals. Methods: Ulnar nerve SSCS data were collected from dominant and non‐dominant arms of 200 healthy volunteers. The effects of age, gender, weight, height, and body mass index (BMI) on SSCSs were also investigated. Results: High percentile values for short segment latency changes varied from 0.4 to 0.7 ms. Ulnar nerve conductions were slower in the segments 2 cm below and above the elbow compared with the other segments. The amplitude was found not to decrease by >15% in subsequent short segments. There were no significant effects of age and gender on the SSCS parameters. Conductions over the short segments tended to be faster as BMI increased. Conclusions: Reference values should be determined separately over each 2‐cm segment, and the effect of BMI should be considered when interpreting SSCSs. Muscle Nerve, 2011
Validity of hospital discharge data for identifying cases of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Authors: Stickler David E. , Royer Julie A. , Hardin James W. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractInpatient hospital encounters and emergency department visits were examined to identify cases of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS).The ninth edition of the International Classification of Disease, clinical modification (ICD‐9‐CM) for ALS was confirmed for ALS was confirmed in 93% of inpatient discharges and in 91% of emergency department visits by the diagnostic standard (chart review). Yearly prevalence rates ranged from 2.94 to 3.28 per 100,000 residents. The low calculated prevalence rates suggest that this method of case identification is inadequate and must be combined with other data sets to maximize confirmation of the clinical diagnosis. Muscle Nerve, 2011
Synthesis, Characterization, and Crystal Structure of a Metallamacrocycle
Authors: Zhang Dingjun , Chen Yuxian , Zhao Qiang , Wu Youzhi 
Published: June 2011

AbstractThe novel macrocyclic decanuclear manganese(III) 30‐metallacrown‐10 compound [Mn10(RS‐3‐chmshz)10(DMF)10]·9DMF (1) was synthesized by self‐assembly and characterized (H3RS‐3‐chmshz = N‐((R,S)‐3‐cyclohexenoyl)‐5‐methylsalicylhydrazide). Compound 1 is a 30‐membered decanuclear metallamacrocycle and crystallizes in triclinic space group P21/c, in an alternating …ΔΛΔΛ…‐type chiral configuration. The decanuclear systems measure ~2.6 nm in diameter and ~1.1 nm in thickness. The racemic N‐(R,S)‐3‐cyclohexenoyl group directing into the cavity of the metallamacrocycle shows the alternate R,S chiral configuration. Magnetic measurements on the title 30‐metallacrown‐10 compound show weak antiferromagnetic exchange interaction.
A d10 Metal Coordination Polymer Containing a Thiodiphthalic Ligand: Crystal Structure and Luminescent Property
Authors: Cao Li‐Hui , Zang Shuang‐Quan , Li Jia‐Bin 
Published: June 2011

AbstractA new two‐dimensional metal‐organic coordination polymer [Cd2(2,3,2′,3′‐sdpa)(H2O)3]·2H2O (1) were hydro(solvo)thermally synthesized by the reaction of 2,3,2′,3′‐sulfonyldiphthalic acid (2,3,2′,3′‐H4sdpa) with Cd(NO3)2·4H2O and characterized by elemental analysis, thermogravimetry, IR and luminescence spectroscopy, and X‐ray diffraction. In complex 1, two kinds of cadmium atoms are linked together by anionic sdpa4– ligands to form a 2D metal‐organic network. The adjacent 2D layers further interact with each other through hydrogen bonds and π···π interactions to form a 3D supramolecular structure. The luminescence spectra and thermal properties of 1 were also investigated.