bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
On the traces of XPD: cell cycle matters - untangling the genotype-phenotype relationship of XPD mutations
Authors: Cameroni Elisabetta , Stettler Karin , Suter Beat 
Published: September 2010

Abstract
Mutations in the human gene coding for XPD lead to segmental progeria - the premature appearance of some of the phenotypes normally associated with aging - which may or may not be accompanied by increased cancer incidence. XPD is required for at least three different critical cellular functions: in addition to participating in the process of nucleotide excision repair (NER), which removes bulky DNA lesions, XPD also regulates transcription as part of the general transcription factor IIH (TFIIH) and controls cell cycle progression through its interaction with CAK, a pivotal activator of cyclin dependent kinases (CDKs). The study of inherited XPD disorders offers the opportunity to gain insights into the coordination of important cellular events and may shed light on the mechanisms that regulate the delicate equilibrium between cell proliferation and functional senescence, which is notably altered during physiological aging and in cancer.
The phenotypic manifestations in the different XPD disorders are the sum of disturbances in the vital processes carried out by TFIIH and CAK. In addition, further TFIIH- and CAK-independent cellular activities of XPD may also play a role. This, added to the complex feedback networks that are in place to guarantee the coordination between cell cycle, DNA repair and transcription, complicates the interpretation of clinical observations. While results obtained from patient cell isolates as well as from murine models have been elementary in revealing such complexity, the Drosophila embryo has proven useful to analyze the role of XPD as a cell cycle regulator independently from its other cellular functions. Together with data from the biochemical and structural analysis of XPD and of the TFIIH complex these results combine into a new picture of the XPD activities that provides ground for a better understanding of the patophysiology of XPD diseases and for future development of diagnostic and therapeutic tools.
First-time patellar dislocation with resultant habitual dislocation two years later, which was not demonstrated on plain X-rays halfway: a case report
Authors: Ohki Satoshi , Enomoto Hiroyuki , Nomura Eiki , Tanikawa Hidenori , Niki Yasuo , Matsumoto Hideo , Toyama Yoshiaki , Suda Yasunori 
Published: September 2010

Abstract
We present an instructive case of habitual left patellar dislocation in which the patella had appeared odd due to lateral tilt relative to contralateral side, but had been radiologically confirmed to be on the trochlea at 1 year prior to the referral. An 11-year-old girl presented to our hospital 2 years after the left patella had dislocated with a 'giving way' when cutting to the left. Our physical and radiological examinations confirmed that the left patella was laterally tilted in the patellar groove with the knee in extension but was dislocated in flexion beyond 45°. In spite of these findings, she had been untreated at the previous hospital since all plain X-rays, including a skyline patellar view, had failed to demonstrate the dislocation. Consequently, in addition to reconstruction of medial patellofemoral ligament, she had to undergo a lateral retinacular release, which might have been unnecessary if treated earlier. This case illustrates that first-time patellar dislocation can gradually lead to habitual dislocation subsequently, and that cautious physical examinations in regard to patella tracking are essential since radiological examinations do not always reveal the pathophysiology of patellar instability.
Extreme loss of immunoreactive p-Akt and p-Erk1/2 during routine fixation of primary breast cancer
Authors: Pinhel Isabel F , MacNeill Fiona A , Hills Margaret J , Salter Janine , Detre Simone , A'Hern Roger , Nerurkar Ashutosh , Osin Peter , Smith Ian E , Dowsett Mitch 
Published: September 2010

Abstract
Introduction
Very few studies have investigated whether the time elapsed between surgical resection and tissue fixation or the difference between core-cut and excision biopsies impact on immunohistochemically measured biomarkers, including phosphorylated proteins in primary breast cancer. The aim of this study was to characterise the differences in immunoreactivity of common biomarkers that may occur (1) as a result of tissue handling at surgery and (2) between core-cuts and resected tumours.

Methods
Core-cuts taken from surgical breast cancer specimens immediately after resection (sample A) and after routine X-ray of the excised tumour (sample B) were formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded and compared with the routinely fixed resection specimen (sample C). The variation in immunohistochemical expression of Ki67, oestrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PgR), human epidermal growth factor 2 (HER2), p-Akt and p-Erk1/2 were investigated.

Results
Twenty-one tissue sets with adequate tumour were available. Median time between collection of core-cuts A and B was 30 minutes (range, 20 to 80 minutes). None of the markers showed significant differences between samples A and B. Similarly, Ki67, ER, PgR and HER2 did not differ significantly between core-cuts and main resection specimen, although there was a trend for lower resection values for ER (P = 0.06). However, p-Akt and p-Erk1/2 were markedly lower in resections than core-cuts (median, 27 versus 101 and 69 versus 193, respectively; both P < 0.0001 [two-sided]). This difference was significantly greater in mastectomy than in lumpectomy specimens for p-Erk1/2 (P = 0.01).

Conclusions
The delay in fixation in core-cuts taken after postoperative X-ray of resection specimens has no significant impact on expression of Ki67, ER, PgR, HER2, p-Akt or p-Erk1/2. However, extreme loss of phospho-staining can occur during routine fixation of resection specimens. These differences are likely attributable to suboptimal fixation and may have major repercussions for clinical research involving these markers.
Genome-Wide Associations and Functional Genomic Studies of Musculoskeletal Adverse Events in Women Receiving Aromatase Inhibitors
Authors: Ingle James N. , Schaid Daniel J. , Goss Paul E. , Liu Mohan , Mushiroda Taisei , Chapman Judy-Anne W. , Kubo Michiaki , Jenkins Gregory D. , Batzler Anthony , Shepherd Lois , Pater Joseph , Wang Liewei , Ellis Matthew J. , Stearns Vered , Rohrer Daniel C. , Goetz Matthew P. , Pritchard Kathleen I. , Flockhart David A. , Nakamura Yusuke , Weinshilboum Richard M. 
Published: September 2010

Purpose We performed a case-control genome-wide association study (GWAS) to identify single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with musculoskeletal adverse events (MS-AEs) in women treated with aromatase inhibitors (AIs) for early breast cancer. Patients and Methods A nested case-control design was used to select patients enrolled onto the MA.27 phase III trial comparing anastrozole with exemestane. Cases were matched to two controls and were defined as patients with grade 3 or 4 MS-AEs (according to the National Cancer Institute's Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events v3.0) or those who discontinued treatment for any grade of MS-AE within the first 2 years. Genotyping was performed with the Illumina Human610-Quad BeadChip. Results The GWAS included 293 cases and 585 controls. A total of 551,358 SNPs were analyzed, followed by imputation and fine mapping of a region of interest on chromosome 14. Four SNPs on chromosome 14 had the lowest P values (2.23E-06 to 6.67E-07). T-cell leukemia 1A (TCL1A) was the gene closest (926-7000 bp) to the four SNPs. Functional genomic studies revealed that one of these SNPs (rs11849538) created an estrogen response element and that TCL1A expression was estrogen dependent, was associated with the variant SNP genotypes in estradiol-treated lymphoblastoid cells transfected with estrogen receptor alpha and was directly related to interleukin 17 receptor A (IL17RA) expression. Conclusion This GWAS identified SNPs associated with MS-AEs in women treated with AIs and with a gene (TCL1A) which, in turn, was related to a cytokine (IL17). These findings provide a focus for further research to identify patients at risk for MS-AEs and to explore the mechanisms for these adverse events.
Value of Early Referral to Fertility Preservation in Young Women With Breast Cancer
Authors: Lee Sanghoon , Ozkavukcu Sinan , Heytens Elke , Moy Fred , Oktay Kutluk 
Published: September 2010

Purpose To determine whether early referral to reproductive specialists improves fertility preservation (FP) outcomes and reduces delay in adjuvant treatment in young women with breast cancer. Patients and Methods A secondary analysis of a prospective database of patients with breast cancer undergoing ovarian stimulation (OS) for FP by oocyte or embryo cryopreservation was performed. Results Of the 154 patients, 93 met the inclusion criteria (mean age, 35.2 ± 4.4 years). Thirty-five of the 93 patients were referred before breast surgery (PreS), and 58 patients were referred after surgery (PostS). The time periods from initial diagnosis (ID) to initiation of OS (42.6 ± 27.7 days for PreS v 71.9 ± 30.7 days for PostS; P < .001) and from ID to initiation of chemotherapy (83.9 ± 24.3 days for PreS v 107.8 ± 42.9 days for PostS; P = .045) were significantly shorter for the PreS group versus the PostS group. Nine (25.7%) of 35 patients in the PreS group versus one (1.7%) of 58 patients in the PostS group were able to undergo two FP cycles (P < .001), resulting in an increased yield of oocytes in the PreS group (18.2% [93 of 511 oocytes] v 0.6% [five of 800 oocytes], respectively; P < .001) and embryos (17.2% [40 of 233 embryos] v 0.6% [two of 357 embryos], respectively; P < .001). Patients who had an oocyte retrieval within 5 weeks of the surgery were able to complete a second cycle within 9 weeks of the surgery. Conclusion FP referral before breast surgery enables earlier initiation of cryopreservation cycles and chemotherapy and, when appropriate, multiple FP cycles. Women who can undergo multiple cycles may be at advantage for FP because of a larger number of oocytes or embryos cryopreserved. This is the first study demonstrating the benefit of early FP referral in patients with cancer.
Z-Selective Horner–Wadsworth–Emmons-type Reaction Using a 10-P-5 Phosphorane Bearing Bidentates Derived from 1-Naphthol
Authors: Kojima Satoshi , Arimura Jun-ya , Kajiyama Kazumasa 
Published: September 2010

Abstract
A Horner–Wadsworth–Emmons-type 10-P-5 phosphorane reagent bearing bidentate ligands from 1-naphthol was prepared and examined in the olefination of aldehydes. Z-Selectivity was generally high except for the case of 3-phenylpropanal, and acetophenone was also found to react with relatively high selectivity.
Template Synthesis of Monodisperse Mesoporous Titania Spheres
Authors: Wang Peng , Teng Shu-Hua , Tang Fang-Qiong 
Published: September 2010

Abstract
Mesoporous titania spheres with a high monodispersity were synthesized by employing monodisperse poly(styrene-co-methacrylic acid) (PSMAA) particles as templates. The titania nanoparticles coated on the PSMAA spheres were first re-dispersed in the mixed solvent and subsequently infiltrated into the swollen PSMAA spheres. After calcinations to remove completely PSMAA, monodisperse mesoporous titania spheres were obtained, displaying an average particle size of about 130 nm and a pore size distribution centered around 4 nm.
Preparation and Properties of Low Viscous Triazolate-based Ionic Liquids Containing Two Cyano Groups
Authors: Kitaoka Satoshi , Nobuoka Kaoru , Yoshiiwa Naoki , Harran Thomas , Ishikawa Yuichi 
Published: September 2010

Abstract
We synthesized novel triazolate-based ionic liquids containing two cyano groups. These liquids exhibit lower viscosity and glass transition temperatures than the ionic liquids without cyano groups. The present method of delocalizing anion charges in triazolate-based ionic liquids by means of cyano substitutions may be applicable to other ionic liquids to reduce their viscosity, thus making them promising reactive media and electrolytes.
Photoinduced Phase Transitions in Chiral Binaphthyl-diol-doped Smectic Liquid Crystals by a Photochromic Azobenzene
Authors: Wang Guojie , Zhang Mingzhi , Yang Qiang , Liu Fang , Cheng Zihui , Guo Renwei , Yang Huai 
Published: September 2010

Abstract
The liquid crystalline states of mixtures of smectic 4-octyl-4′-cyanobiphenyl, chiral binaphthyl-diol, and a photochromic azobenzene derivative, 4-n-hexyl-4′-(1-bromopropyloxy)azobenzene, are dependant on the chiral dopant and azobenzene concentrations. The trans-to-cis isomerization of azobenzene induces the phase transition from smectic to cholesteric and then to isotropic states.
Regelung elektrischer Traktionsantriebe in Elektro- und Hybridfahrzeugen
Authors: Böcker Joachim , Huber Tobias , Meyer Michael , Peters Wilhelm , Pohlenz Daniel , Specht Andreas 
Published: September 2010

Zusammenfassung
Für automobile elektrische Antriebe werden derzeit permanent erregte Synchronmaschinen favorisiert, die aufgrund der spezifischen fahrzeugspezifischen Anforderungen ein gegenüber Industrieantrieben deutlich anderes Verhalten aufweisen. Charakteristisch ist ein nichtlineares Reluktanzdrehmoment, eine starke magnetischen Sättigung und der sehr große Konstant-Leistungs-Bereich. Der Beitrag beschreibt die Strukturierung einer hierfür geeigneten Regelung mit der Auswahl des optimalen Arbeitspunkts, der unterlagerten Stromregelung und dem Umgang mit der die Reglerstellgrößen begrenzenden speisenden Gleichannung.
Verallgemeinerte Modelle für leistungsverzweigte hybride Antriebsstränge
Authors: Herchenhan Michael 
Published: September 2010

Zusammenfassung
Die Synthese von Algorithmen zur Steuerung und Regelung leistungsverzweigter hybrider ase stellt im Vergleich zu seriellen oder parallelen Topologien eine erhöhte Herausvorderung dar. Schon die dazu erforderliche Modellierung ist durch deutlich höheren Aufwand gekennzeichnet. Zudem können Vertreter dieser Topologie in sehr mannigfaltigen Varianten zum Einsatz kommen. Wünschenswert sind daher verallgemeinerte Modelle für derlei ase, die zur Anwendung auf eine konkrete Variante lediglich noch parametriert werden müssen. In diesem Beitrag werden zwei diesem Anspruch Rechnung tragende kinetische Modelle für leistungsverzweigte hybride ase hergeleitet und allgemeine Eigenschaften diskutiert. Darüber hinaus werden allgemein gültige Eigenschaften leistungsverzweigter hybrider ase aufgezeigt.
Optimierung einer permanenterregten Synchronmaschine unter Berücksichtigung von Lastspielen
Authors: Kreim Alexander , Schäfer Uwe 
Published: September 2010

Zusammenfassung
In diesem Aufsatz wird ein nichtlinearer Optimierungsalgorithmus für gemischt ganzzahlige Probleme vorgestellt. Es handelt sich um einen Trust-Region Algorithmus für eine exakte Straffunktion. Es wird gezeigt, wie mittels der Branch-And-Bound Technik die quadratischen Hilfsprobleme genutzt werden können, um ganzzahlige Variablen mit einzubeziehen. Die Anwendung des Algorithmus wird für eine permanenterregte Synchronmaschine für den Einsatz in einem Hybrid- oder Elektrofahrzeug gezeigt. Dabei werden Lastspiele mittels einer gewichteten Mittelwertbildung berücksichtigt.
The Genetic Basis for Male × Female Interactions Underlying Variation in Reproductive Phenotypes of Drosophila
Authors: Chow Clement Y , Wolfner Mariana F , Clark Andrew G 
Published: September 2010

Abstract
In Drosophila, where females mate multiply, sperm competition contributes strongly to fitness variability among males. Males transfer “Acp” seminal proteins to females during mating, and these proteins influence the outcome of sperm competition. Because Acps function within the female, male proteins can directly interact with female molecules in a manner that affects reproductive fitness. Here we begin to dissect the genetic architecture of male × female interactions underlying reproductive phenotypes important to sperm competition. By utilizing chromosome extraction lines, we demonstrate that the third and X chromosomes each have large effects on fertility phenotypes, female remating rate, and the sperm competition parameter, P1. Strikingly, the third and X chromosomes harbor genetic variation that gives rise to strong male × female interactions that modulate female remating rate and P1. Encoded on these chromosomes are, respectively, sex peptide (SP) and sex peptide receptor (SPR), the only pair of physically interacting male Acp and female receptor known. We identified several intriguing allelic interactions between SP and SPR. The results of this study begin to elucidate the complex genetic architecture of reproductive and sperm competition phenotypes and have significant implications for the evolution of male and female characters.
A New Resource for CharacterizingX-Linked Genes inDrosophila melanogaster: Systematic Coverage and Subdivision of theXChromosome With Nested,Y-Linked Duplications
Authors: Cook R Kimberley , Deal Megan E , Deal Jennifer A , Garton Russell D , Brown C Adam , Ward Megan E , Andrade Rachel S , Spana Eric P , Kaufman Thomas C , Cook Kevin R 
Published: September 2010

AbstractInterchromosomal duplications are especially important for the study of X-linked genes. Males inheriting a mutation in a vital X-linked gene cannot survive unless there is a wild-type copy of the gene duplicated elsewhere in the genome. Rescuing the lethality of an X-linked mutation with a duplication allows the mutation to be used experimentally in complementation tests and other genetic crosses and it maps the mutated gene to a defined chromosomal region. Duplications can also be used to screen for dosage-dependent enhancers and suppressors of mutant phenotypes as a way to identify genes involved in the same biological process. We describe an ongoing project in Drosophila melanogaster to generate comprehensive coverage and extensive breakpoint subdivision of the X chromosome with megabase-scale X segments borne on Y chromosomes. The in vivo method involves the creation of X inversions on attached-XY chromosomes by FLP-FRT site-specific recombination technology followed by irradiation to induce large internal X deletions. The resulting chromosomes consist of the X tip, a medial X segment placed near the tip by an inversion, and a full Y. A nested set of medial duplicated segments is derived from each inversion precursor. We have constructed a set of inversions on attached-XY chromosomes that enable us to isolate nested duplicated segments from all X regions. To date, our screens have provided a minimum of 78% X coverage with duplication breakpoints spaced a median of nine genes apart. These duplication chromosomes will be valuable resources for rescuing and mapping X-linked mutations and identifying dosage-dependent modifiers of mutant phenotypes.
Cumulative Effective Doses From Radiologic Procedures for Pediatric Oncology Patients
Authors: Ahmed Bilal A. , Connolly Bairbre L. , Shroff Puneet , Chong Amy Lee , Gordon Christopher , Grant Ronald , Greenberg Mark L. , Thomas Karen E. 
Published: September 2010

OBJECTIVE:
Our aim was to estimate the cumulative effective doses (CEDs) from radiologic procedures for a cohort of pediatric oncology patients.

METHODS:
A retrospective cohort study of the imaging histories of 150 pediatric oncology patients (30 each in 5 subgroups, that is, leukemia, lymphomas, brain tumors, neuroblastomas, and assorted solid tumors) for 5 years after diagnosis was performed. All procedures involving ionizing radiation were recorded, including radiography, computed tomography (CT), nuclear medicine (NM) studies, fluoroscopy, and interventional procedures. CED estimates were calculated.

RESULTS:
Individual CED estimates ranged from &lt;1 mSv to 642 mSv, with a median of 61 mSv. CT and NM were the greatest contributors; CT constituted 30% of procedures but 52% of the total CED, and NM constituted 20% and 46%, respectively. There was considerable variability between tumor subgroups. CED estimates were highest in the neuroblastoma (median: 213 mSv [range: 36–489 mSv]) and lymphoma (median: 191 mSv [range: 10–642 mSv]) groups and lowest in the leukemia group (median: 5 mSv [range: 0.2–57 mSv]).

CONCLUSIONS:
CEDs from diagnostic and interventional imaging for pediatric oncology patients vary considerably according to diagnoses, individual clinical courses, and imaging modalities used. Increased awareness may promote strategies to reduce the radiation burden to this population.
Increased Use of Acid‐Suppressing Drugs Before the Occurrence of Ischemic Events: A Potential Source of Confounding in Recent Observational Studies
Authors: Blackburn David F. , Lamb Darcy A. , McLeod Melanie M. , Eurich Dean T. 
Published: September 2010

Study Objective. To determine if the use of acid‐suppressing drugs is increased before the occurrence of ischemic events.Design. Population‐based, nested case‐control analysis.Data Source. Administrative databases in Saskatchewan, Canada.Patients. Cases were 1612 patients (aged ≥ 40 yrs) who started a first‐ever antihypertensive drug between January 1, 1994, and December 31, 2003, and were hospitalized for a first ischemic heart event of either myocardial infarction (1002 patients) or unstable angina (610 patients); five control patients were matched to each case patient by age, sex, and year of first antihypertensive prescription (8060 controls).Measurements and Main Results. Within the case and control groups, we calculated exposure to acid‐suppressing therapy, defined as proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) or histamine2‐receptor antagonists (H2RAs), within 90 days leading up to the event. Exposure to acid‐suppressing therapy was higher among cases than controls (15.3% [246/1612] vs 10.4% [837/8060], adjusted odds ratio [AOR] 1.26, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.06–1.49, p<0.009). Exposure to each acid suppressant was similarly higher among cases than controls: H2RA users (11.7% [188/1612] vs 8.4% [678/8060], AOR 1.21, 95% CI 1.00–1.46, p<0.048) and PPI users (4.0% [64/1612] vs 2.2% [179/8060], AOR 1.32, 95% CI 0.95–1.84, p=0.094). Use of other drugs was also significantly increased during this period.Conclusions. Use of acid‐suppressing drugs increased before the occurrence of ischemic events regardless of the type (PPI or H2RA) or whether other drugs, such as clopidogrel, were concurrently administered. In addition, significant increases in overall drug use were observed during this time frame, suggesting that many patients exhibit warning signs before an acute hospitalization. Thus, PPI use before the occurrence of ischemic events may simply be a marker of unmeasured and uncontrolled confounding in observational studies that have implicated a PPI‐clopidogrel interaction as a cause of recurrent ischemic events.
An iterative method based on 1D subspace for projective reconstruction
Authors: Liu S. , Peng Y. , Zeng Z. , Han C. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractHeyden et al. introduced an iterative factorization method for projective reconstruction from image sequences. In their formulation, the projective structure and motion are computed by using an iterative factorization based on 4D subspace. In this paper, the problem is reformulated based on fact that the x, y, and z coordinates of each feature in projective space are known from their projection. The projective reconstruction, i.e., the relative depths w and the 3D motion, is obtained by a simple iterative factorization based on 1D subspace. This allows the use of very fast algorithms even when using a large number of features and large number of frames. The experiments with both simulate and real data show that the method presented in the paper is efficient and has good convergency.