bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Amelioration of Neurochemical Alteration and Memory and Depressive Behavior in Sepsis by Allopurinol, a Tryptophan 2,3-Dioxygenase Inhibitor
Authors: Metzker Kiuanne Lino Lobo , Mathias Khiany , Machado Richard Simon , Bonfante Sandra , Joaquim Larissa , da Silva Marina Goulart , Daros Guilherme Cabreira , Lins Elisa Mitkus Flores , Belle Fernanda , Alano Carolina Giassi , Matiola Rafaela Tezza , da Silva Lemos Isabela , Danielski Lucinéia Gainski , Gava Fernanda Frederico , de Bitencourt Rafael Mariano , Bobinski Franciane , Streck Emilio Luiz , Reus Gislaine Zilli , Petronilho Fabricia 
Published: May 2024

Background:
In response to inflammation and other stressors, tryptophan is catalyzed by
Tryptophan 2,3-Dioxygenase (TDO), which leads to activation of the kynurenine pathway. Sepsis is
a serious condition in which the body responds improperly to an infection, and the brain is the
inflammation target in this condition.

Objective:
This study aimed to determine if the induction of TDO contributes to the permeability of
the Blood-Brain Barrier (BBB), mortality, neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial
dysfunction, besides long-term behavioral alterations in a preclinical model of sepsis.

Methods:
Male Wistar rats with two months of age were submitted to the sepsis model using Cecal
Ligation and Perforation (CLP). The rats received allopurinol (Allo, 20 mg/kg, gavage), a TDO
inhibitor, or a vehicle once a day for seven days.

Results:
Sepsis induction increased BBB permeability, IL-6 level, neutrophil infiltrate, nitric oxide
formation, and oxidative stress, resulting in energy impairment in 24h after CLP and Allo administration
restored these parameters. Regarding memory, Allo restored short-term memory impairment
and decreased depressive behavior. However, no change in survival rate was verified.

Conclusion:
In summary, TDO inhibition effectively prevented depressive behavior and memory
impairment 10 days after CLP by reducing acute BBB permeability, neuroinflammation, oxidative
stress, and mitochondrial alteration.
Systematic Review of Dispositional Determinants of Xenophobic Behaviours among South Africans: Implications for Psychological-based Intervention
Authors: Olaseni Abayomi O. , Adewoye Segun E. 
Published: May 2024

Background
Despite pieces of evidence suggesting that one of the major motivations of Xenophobic behaviour is cognition, there are limited studies that have systematically reviewed the influence of psychological factors on Xenophobic behaviour. Therefore, this study set to conceptualise a psychological-based intervention by weighing the pieces of evidence from previous studies that examined the dispositional determinants of xenophobic behaviour in South Africa using structured systematic reviews.

Methods
The articles considered in this study were incorporated using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses framework of 2009. We performed a review search in PubMed, PsychINFO, Google Scholar, and Unisa Library for studies published between 2008 and February 2022.

Results
The outcome revealed that shared external locus of control, repression, displacement, and learned helplessness were major dispositional factors influencing reoccurring xenophobic behaviour.

Conclusion
It was concluded that dispositional factors precipitate/perpetuate xenophobic behaviours in South Africa, and implementation of the conceptualised intervention framework could forestall further occurrence. The organised body of psychology in South Africa should implement a National Cognitive Re-Orientation Programme (NCRP) to tackle and boost the internal locus of control of South Africans.
Fire Resistance of Lightweight Aggregate Concrete Containing Spent Garnet as Partial Fine Aggregate Replacement
Authors: Jaafar Mohd Faizal Md. , Muthusamy Khairunisa , Jamaludin Nur Farah Aziera , Jasni Sofia Adibah , Zulkarnain Fahrizal 
Published: May 2024

Introduction
The escalating demand for concrete, driven by global infrastructure development, poses significant challenges to environmental sustainability due to the depletion of natural resources and the accumulation of waste materials. This paper explores the potential of utilizing waste materials, particularly palm oil clinker (POC) and spent garnets, as sustainable alternatives in concrete production. The depletion of natural aggregates, such as river sand, coupled with the environmental hazards associated with waste disposal, underscores the urgent need for eco-friendly solutions in construction materials. POC, derived from palm oil production waste, and spent garnets from abrasive industries offer promising avenues for reducing environmental impact and enhancing sustainability in concrete production. By addressing the dual challenges of resource depletion and waste management, this research aims to contribute to developing greener construction practices and mitigating environmental degradation.

Aims
This study aims to investigate the effects of incorporating spent garnet as a partial fine aggregate replacement on the fire resistance of POC LWAC. By examining the interplay between spent garnet inclusion and fire resistance, the research contributes to developing more sustainable concrete formulations and aids in industrial waste management practices, addressing critical societal and environmental challenges.

Methods
This study investigates the effects of elevated temperatures on the compressive strength and durability of POC LWAC specimens. Concrete specimens were demoulded after 24 hours of curing and submerged in water for 28 days. Compressive strength and water absorption tests were conducted at the end of the curing period. Subsequently, specimens were subjected to temperatures of 300 °C, 500 °C, and 700 °C for 1 hour in a furnace. After cooling naturally for 24 hours, visual inspection, mass reduction analysis, and evaluation of residual compressive strength were performed.

Results
Results indicate that 20% garnet replacement yields the highest compressive strength due to pore filling and denser structure. Higher garnet levels lead to reduced strength and increased water absorption. Visual assessment post-heating shows surface alterations, with 20% garnet exhibiting the lowest mass loss and strength reduction at elevated temperatures.

Conclusion
Notably, specimens containing 20% spent garnet in POC LWAC performed better in a fire than others, enhancing their fire-resistant properties. In summary, this research introduces a hopeful approach to improve the sustainability of concrete and mitigate the environmental repercussions of industrial waste.
Genetic Diversity and Population Structure of Actinidia eriantha by ITS Sequences
Authors: Lin Chao , Zhang Xiaoqin , Sun Piliang , liu Shuang , Mao Jiale , Lei Houxing , Ma Yihan , Xu Wenzheng , Pan Fengjun , Chen Meiping 
Published: May 2024

Background:
Actinidia eriantha Benth is a widely used natural product from Traditional
Chinese Medicine in the Actinidiaceae family. However, its wild resources have been declining due
to over-exploitation. It has become urgent to investigate the genetic diversity for the conservation of
A. eriantha, to evaluate the current species and discover strategies for preservation.

Methods:
The internal transcribed spacer (ITS) was used to evaluate the genetic diversity among and
within populations of this species. Dnasp, PERMUT and Arlequin 3.0 software were used to calculate the genetic diversity index, and MEGA 5.0 software was used to construct the neighbor-joining
(NJ) tree.

Results:
A total of 27 haplotypes were obtained by ITS sequence analysis of 12 populations, and the
most frequently haplotype observed was H1. AMOVA analysis revealed that the genetic variation
rates were 10.91% (FST = 0.22290) and 77.71% (FSC = 0.12306) among and within populations,
respectively, with high genetic diversity at the species level (Hd = 0.692). The genetic distance
among populations ranged from 0 to 0.004. The results of Permut analysis showed that there was no
significant correlation between genetic distance and geographic distance (NST > GST). The NJ tree
was divided into two Clades (Clade A and Clade B), Clade B has obvious geographical specificity,
and haplotypes of this clade are all specific to the GX-ZY population. Four types were found according
to ITS sequences of A. eriantha, haplotypes H1 and H5 were ancient haplotypes.

Conclusion:
Our findings indicated that genetic diversity within populations was higher than observed among populations. This study is significant for further research endeavors focused on the
efficient collection and preservation of wild resources of A. eriantha.
Epigallocatechin Gallate (EGCG) Formulations: Unlocking Potential in Nutraceutical and Pharmaceutical Sectors
Authors: Mittal Ravi K. , Mishra Raghav , Uddin Rehan , Bhargav Ranjeet , Kumar Neeraj 
Published: May 2024

Objective:
This review aims to evaluate the latest techniques used in formulating epigallocatechin
gallate (EGCG), analyse the difficulties encountered in the process, and offer perspectives
on potential future advancements in epigallocatechin gallate formulations for both nutraceutical and
pharmaceutical applications.

Methods:
This work provides a thorough literature review, examines current epigallocatechin gallate
formulation strategies, assesses solubility improvement approaches, examines obstacles, and summarises
results regarding benefits and drawbacks. In nutraceuticals and pharmaceuticals, it identifies
knowledge gaps and suggests future research avenues.

Results:
This comprehensive review presents a synthesis of pivotal discoveries about epigallocatechin
gallate formulations, particularly emphasising notable progress in enhancing solubility and the
concomitant obstacles encountered in this pursuit. This review weighs the benefits and drawbacks,
shedding light on areas that need further investigation in the pharmaceutical and nutraceutical fields.

Conclusion:
This review synthesises current research on formulations containing epigallocatechin
gallate, focusing on their various applications and the obstacles accompanying their implementation.
Despite facing various challenges, the methodologies that have been investigated demonstrate potential.
The comprehensive evaluation of both strengths and limitations highlights the imperative nature
of continuous research. The conclusion provides opportunities for research in pharmaceuticals and
nutraceuticals, outlining future directions.
Smart Home Powered by Solar: IoT-based SEPIC Converter Control
Authors: Purushothaman Srinivasan , Perumal Rampriya Boomi , Elango Shabarish , Premananth Hanitha , Yoganand Krishnamsetti 
Published: May 2024

Background:
In this article, an IOT solution for managing and controlling a PV system with
applications for the home is presented. A DC-DC SEPIC converter, a bidirectional converter, a PWM
generator, and a single-phase voltage source inverter with active clamping are used for power conditioning. An output voltage control loop is implemented, and real-time online communication with an internet server is accomplished using the PIC microcontroller.

Methods:
The ESP8266MOD WIFI IOT module works with the Blynk mobile app. Experimental findings showing the proper operation of IOT features demonstrate the effectiveness of voltage regulation.
In this article, frequency is taken into consideration as solar power is integrated with the grid. A user
may easily control the DC-DC converter, load batteries, and monitor battery voltage through our userfriendly GUI interface.

Results:
In this paper, an IOT (Internet of Things) application was used to control and track the output
of a modest PV power plant. The study shows the efficiency of the digitally controlled system developed to regulate the output voltage of the SEPIC DC-DC converter.

Practical Significance:
They further argue that the ESP8266 and microcontroller's versatility make
them an appropriate instrument for remote and real-time monitoring and control of the proposed model
from around the world. The energy that is produced by the sun is added to the grid so that it may be put
to effective use and contribute to satisfying the rising demand for energy. Solar energy is the input that
SEPIC uses to charge the batteries and for all of its other processes. In the event that solar photovoltaic
(PV) panels are not available, the SEPIC DC-DC converter will derive its energy from AC power.

Conclusion:
In this article, an IOT (Internet of Things) application was used to control and track the
output of a modest PV power plant. The research demonstrates the effectiveness of the digitally controlled system created to manage the output voltage of the SEPIC DC-DC converter. They further argue
that the ESP8266 and microcontroller's versatility make them an appropriate instrument for allowing
remote and real-time monitoring and control of the proposed model from any part of the world. The
energy that is produced by the sun is added to the grid so that it may be put to effective use and contribute to satisfying the rising demand for energy. Solar energy is the input that SEPIC uses to charge the
batteries and for all of its other processes. In the event that solar photovoltaic (PV) panels are not available, the SEPIC DC-DC converter will derive its energy from AC power.
The Potential Anti-psoriatic Effects of Andrographolide: A Comparative Study to Topical Corticosteroids
Authors: Dharmasamitha Indira , Mas Rusyati Luh Made , Wati Dyah Kanya , Gelgel  Wirasuta I. Made Agus 
Published: May 2024

Background:
Andrographolide (AP), a bioactive anti-inflammatory compound of Sambiloto,
inhibits NF-κB, TNF-α, and interleukin IL-6. Nowadays, molecular docking simulation between
AP and dexamethasone against NF-κB receptor presented the energy AP higher than dexamethasone.
This becomes a potential treatment for psoriasis.

Objective:
This manuscript reported the effectiveness of AP from Sambiloto in treating psoriasis
compared to topical steroids.

Methods:
This study conducted TLC analysis of AP content and its metabolite impurities, emulgel
formulation, molecular docking, in-silico skin toxicity study, and in-vivo anti-psoriatic activity.
This was a combination study of an in-silico study and an in-vivo study. This in-silico study
was analyzed through multivariate statistical analysis (PCA) to elucidate the data constellation relationship
of andrographolide derivatives with several target proteins. The intervention was performed
in seven days. The PASI score, molecular parameters (IL-6, IL-17, VEGF, and TNF-a levels),
and histopathological findings were assessed.

Results:
Molecular docking results revealed andrographolide to exhibit a relatively high binding
affinity towards IL-6, NF-kB, and TNF-α which is comparable to the corticosteroids, andrographolide
also shares similar residue interaction profile with each of the respective protein’s native
ligand. In the in-vivo study, we found several parameters statistically significantly different regarding
the intervention, including final PASI score (p = 0.017), redness (p = 0.017), scale (p =
0.040), thickness (p = 0.023), total histopathology of psoriasis score (p = 0.037), keratin layer
score (p = 0.018).

Conclusion:
Emulgel AP 0.1% could lower the anti-inflammatory agent, which is vital to psoriasis
progression.
Assessment of Wooden School Furniture Defects When Exposed to Flood Simulation
Authors: Abdul Kadir Yanti , Samsi Hashim W. , Ali Siti Zaliha , Jabar Khairul Azmi , Abd Rashid Noor Azrieda , Masseat Khairul , Mohd Radzi Maryam 
Published: May 2024

Flood is one natural disaster that can occur yearly in Malaysia, usually from November to January. Unexpected floods due to climate change, unexpected heavy rainfall, and lack of drainage systems can have a tremendous effect. The affected has many impacts, such as damage to property like household and institutional furniture. Based on the institution/school information, the furniture submerged during the flooding was 90% damaged. The objectives of this study are to determine the durability of the school furniture and to evaluate the defects when the products are exposed to flood (simulation).
Use of Multiple-Choice Items in Summative Examinations: Questionnaire Survey Among German Undergraduate Dental Training Programs
Authors: Rössler Lena , Herrmann Manfred , Wiegand Annette , Kanzow Philipp 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background
Multiple-choice examinations are frequently used in German dental schools. However, details regarding the used item types and applied scoring methods are lacking.

Objective
This study aims to gain insight into the current use of multiple-choice items (ie, questions) in summative examinations in German undergraduate dental training programs.

Methods
A paper-based 10-item questionnaire regarding the used assessment methods, multiple-choice item types, and applied scoring methods was designed. The pilot-tested questionnaire was mailed to the deans of studies and to the heads of the Department of Operative/Restorative Dentistry at all 30 dental schools in Germany in February 2023. Statistical analysis was performed using the Fisher exact test (P<.05).

Results
The response rate amounted to 90% (27/30 dental schools). All respondent dental schools used multiple-choice examinations for summative assessments. Examinations were delivered electronically by 70% (19/27) of the dental schools. Almost all dental schools used single-choice Type A items (24/27, 89%), which accounted for the largest number of items in approximately half of the dental schools (13/27, 48%). Further item types (eg, conventional multiple-select items, Multiple-True-False, and Pick-N) were only used by fewer dental schools (≤67%, up to 18 out of 27 dental schools). For the multiple-select item types, the applied scoring methods varied considerably (ie, awarding [intermediate] partial credit and requirements for partial credit). Dental schools with the possibility of electronic examinations used multiple-select items slightly more often (14/19, 74% vs 4/8, 50%). However, this difference was statistically not significant (P=.38). Dental schools used items either individually or as key feature problems consisting of a clinical case scenario followed by a number of items focusing on critical treatment steps (15/27, 56%). Not a single school used alternative testing methods (eg, answer-until-correct). A formal item review process was established at about half of the dental schools (15/27, 56%).

Conclusions
Summative assessment methods among German dental schools vary widely. Especially, a large variability regarding the use and scoring of multiple-select multiple-choice items was found.
Research on the Influence of Industrial Intelligence on the Activity of Innovation and Entrepreneurship
Authors: Zhu Yue , Wang Siyu 
Published: May 2024

Drawing on China's panel data across 30 provinces between 2011 and 2021, this paper explains the impact of industrial intelligence on the activity of innovation and entrepreneurship from two aspects: baseline regression estimation results and nonlinear effects. In this paper, the installation density of industrial robots is used to measure industrial intelligence, and the threshold regression model and panel fixed effect model are used to study the complex relationship between industrial intelligence and innovation and entrepreneurship at the national, eastern, central, and western levels. It is found that the development of industrial intelligence plays a significant positive role in the improvement of innovation and entrepreneurship activity and presents the characteristics of "Midwest > East"; industrial intelligence has a significant threshold effect on the activity of innovation and entrepreneurship. When the region has a strong talent agglomeration, industrial intelligence has a greater effect on the promotion of innovation and entrepreneurship activity.
Pola Komunikasi Dalam Proses Interaksi Sosial Di Dewan Pimpinan Pusat Perkumpulan Penyandang Disabilitas Indonesia
Authors: Sakaril Gufroni , Yoedtadi Moehammad Gafar 
Published: May 2024

Abstrak Proses komunikasi dalam organisasi tidak jarang terjadi konflik. Bahkan konflik itu terjadi antar anggota pengurus organisasi. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui Pola Komunikasi Organisasi Dalam Proses Interaksi Sosial di Dewan Pengurus Pusat Perkumpulan Penyandang Disabilitas Indonesia. PPDI menggunakan pola komunikasi dengan pola bintang dan pola rantai. Pola bintang digunakan untuk berkomunikasi secara umum, dimana ketua bebas berkomunikasi kepada anggota dan anggota bebas berkomunikasi kepada ketua tanpa perantara orang lain Untuk komunikasi rantai digunakan untuk memberikan informasi yang bersifat pengumuman dari satu bagian kepada seluruh anggota pengurus yang harus melalui Sekretaris Jenderal Proses komunikasi kelompok berlangsung baik karena ketua dapat menerima masukan dari anggoya pengurus demi tercapainya tujuan organisasi Sedangkan proses interaksi sosial yang berlangsung di PPDI proses assosiatif dan proses dissosiatif. Proses assosiatif meliputi kerja sama, akomodasi dan asimilasi Didalam mereka melakukan kegiatan proses assosiatif, mereka mampu bergotong royong, rukun, kompak di dalam melakukan kegiatan organisasi. Proses dissosiatif meliputi persaingan dan konflik. . Proses ini hanya bersifat sebentar dan tidak lama dalam prosesnya karena segera dapat diselesaikan dengan baik.Kata Kunci : : Pola Komunikasi, Organisasi, Interaksi Sosial, Perkumpulan, Disabilitas
Design of Microstrip Array Antenna for Vehicle Millimeter Wave Radar
Authors: Nabi Rehmat , Wei-Jun Long , Majeed Muhammad Rashid 
Published: May 2024

The design and construction of a microstrip array antenna especially intended for vehicle millimeter-wave radar applications in the 77–81 GHz frequency range is presented in this study. This study relies on earlier research on single-patch antennas to provide a full array design that satisfies the demanding performance requirements necessary for sophisticated car radar systems. The study carefully models and analyzes the antenna array using the High-Frequency Structure Simulator (HFSS) to get an azimuth angle of 90° within a 6 dB beamwidth and a pitch angle of 10° ± 1° within a 3 dB beamwidth. Achieving a gain of more than 13 dBi, keeping sidelobe levels below −15 dB, and guaranteeing isolation of more than 35 dB are all priorities in the design process. Precision and interference avoidance are crucial in high-resolution, short-range radar systems, and these factors are essential to the antenna’s operation. The array’s small form factor, along with factors like easy integration and economical production, make it an excellent choice for contemporary automobile radar applications. The research addresses the wider ramifications of this technology in vehicle safety and navigation in addition to diving into the technical issues of antenna design, such as the optimization of element spacing, array layout, and material selection. By exploring the limits of high-frequency antenna performance, this work advances the fields of autonomous cars and wireless communication technologies. The designed antenna array architecture is very adaptable, as shown by its possible applications ranging from point-to-point transmission and satellite communication to vehicle radar systems. The goal of this effort is to improve the capabilities of vehicle radar systems, which will lead to safer and more effective autonomous navigation solutions.