bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Relationship Between Pterygomaxillary Notches and Maxillary Anterior Teeth
Authors: Guldag M. Ustun , Büyükkaplan U. Sebnem , Sentut Fatih , Ceylan Gözlem 
Published: December 2009

Abstract Purpose: Selection of the appropriate size of maxillary anterior teeth in complete dentures may be difficult, as there is no universally accepted method that can be used reliably. The aim of this study was to investigate whether there is a relationship between the total mesiodistal width of the six maxillary anterior teeth and the interpterygomaxillary notch distance. Material and Methods: One hundred and ten maxillary impressions were made on dental students (67 women, 43 men; 19 to 22 years old) using stock tray and irreversible hydrocolloid impression material. The mesiodistal width of the six maxillary anterior teeth and the distance of the interpterygomaxillary notch were measured by digital caliper on stone casts (on two separate occasions by two independent observers). The results were analyzed using correlation regression tests. Results: The mean mesiodistal width of the six maxillary anterior teeth was 46.02 (±2.8) mm, and the mean distance of the interpterygomaxillary notch was 42.38 (±3.47) mm. A significant correlation was found between mesiodistal width of the maxillary anterior teeth and the interpterygomaxillary notch distance (p= 0.003; r = 0.28). Standardized coefficient was found to be low (28%) to predict the appropriate size of maxillary anterior teeth. Conclusion: Total mesiodistal width of the maxillary anterior teeth correlated with the distance between pterygomaxillary notches; however, measurement of the interpterygomaxillary notch could not be used for tooth selection reliably due to the low standardized coefficient. Within the limitations of this study, the interpterygomaxillary notch distance is not useful for the selection of six maxillary anterior teeth in edentulous patients.
Vocation or Vacation? Perspectives on Teachers' Union Struggles in Southern Mexico1
Authors: Howell Jayne 
Published: December 2009

AbstractFor decades following the 1910 to 1917 Mexican Revolution, rural maestros (teachers) in the Mexican state of Oaxaca were respected for their “vocation” and the hardships they suffered while working in poor, remote, rural communities where they played an instrumental role in forging a national culture. Since the early 1980s, politicization of Oaxaca's Local 22 of the national educators' union and work stoppages that close schools coupled with teachers' high salaries contribute to negative attitudes toward the profession. Using ethnographic data collected in Oaxaca among teachers and other members of the public, I discuss the support and opposition for federal teachers who practice what was long considered a “noble” profession, and union members' justifications of their labor actions.
Evaluation of functional dynamics during osseointegration and regeneration associated with oral implants
Authors: Chang Po‐Chun , Lang Niklaus P. , Giannobile William V. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractObjectives: The aim of this paper is to review current investigations on functional assessments of osseointegration and assess correlations to the peri‐implant structure.Material and methods: The literature was electronically searched for studies of promoting dental implant osseointegration, functional assessments of implant stability, and finite element (FE) analyses in the field of implant dentistry, and any references regarding biological events during osseointegration were also cited as background information.Results: Osseointegration involves a cascade of protein and cell apposition, vascular invasion, de novo bone formation and maturation to achieve the primary and secondary dental implant stability. This process may be accelerated by alteration of the implant surface roughness, developing a biomimetric interface, or local delivery of growth‐promoting factors. The current available pre‐clinical and clinical biomechanical assessments demonstrated a variety of correlations to the peri‐implant structural parameters, and functionally integrated peri‐implant structure through FE optimization can offer strong correlation to the interfacial biomechanics.Conclusions: The progression of osseointegration may be accelerated by alteration of the implant interface as well as growth factor applications, and functional integration of peri‐implant structure may be feasible to predict the implant function during osseointegration. More research in this field is still needed. To cite this article:
Chang P‐C, Lang NP, Giannobile WV. Evaluation of functional dynamics during osseointegration and regeneration associated with oral implants. Clin. Oral Impl. Res. 21, 2010; 1–12.
Influence of implant positioning in extraction sockets on osseointegration: histomorphometric analyses in dogs
Authors: Caneva Marco , Salata Luiz Antonio , De Souza Sergio Scombatti , Baffone Gabriele , Lang Niklaus P. , Botticelli Daniele 
Published: December 2009

AbstractAim: To evaluate the influence of implant positioning into extraction sockets on osseointegration.Material and methods: Implants were installed immediately into extraction sockets in the mandibles of six Labrador dogs. In the control sites, the implants were positioned in the center of the alveolus, while in the test sites, the implants were positioned 0.8 mm deeper and more lingually. After 4 months of healing, the resorptive patterns of the alveolar crest were evaluated histomorphometrically.Results: All implants were integrated in mineralized bone, mainly composed of mature lamellar bone. The alveolar crest underwent resorption at the control as well as at the test sites. After 4 months of healing, at the buccal aspects of the control and test sites, the location of the implant rough/smooth limit to the alveolar crest was 2±0.9 mm and 0.6±0.9 mm, respectively (P<0.05). At the lingual aspect, the bony crest was located 0.4 mm apically and 0.2 mm coronally to the implant rough/smooth limit at the control and test sites, respectively (NS).Conclusions: From a clinical point of view, implants installed into extraction sockets should be positioned approximately 1 mm deeper than the level of the buccal alveolar crest and in a lingual position in relation to the center of the alveolus in order to reduce or eliminate the exposure above the alveolar crest of the endosseous (rough) portion of the implant. To cite this article:
Caneva M, Salata LA, de Souza SS, Baffone G, Lang NP, Botticelli D. Influence of implant positioning in extraction sockets on osseointegration: histomorphometric analyses in dogs. Clin. Oral Impl. Res. 21, 2010; 43–49.
Dynamics of Bio‐Oss® Collagen incorporation in fresh extraction wounds: an experimental study in the dog
Authors: Araújo Mauricio G. , Liljenberg Birgitta , Lindhe Jan 
Published: December 2009

AbstractAim: The objective of this experiment was to analyze processes involved in the incorporation of Bio‐Oss® Collagen in host tissue during healing following tooth extraction and grafting.Methods: Five beagle dogs were used. Four premolars in the mandible (3P3, 4P4) were hemi‐sected, the distal roots were removed and the fresh extraction socket filled with Bio‐Oss® Collagen. The mucosa was mobilized and the extraction site was closed with interrupted sutures. The tooth extraction and grafting procedures were scheduled in such a way that biopsies representing 1 and 3 days, as well as 1, 2 and 4 weeks of healing could be obtained. The dogs were euthanized and perfused with a fixative. Each experimental site, including the distal socket area, was dissected. The sites were decalcified in EDTA, and serial sections representing the central part of the socket were prepared in the mesio‐distal plane and parallel with the long axis of the extraction socket. Sections were stained in hematoxylin and eosin and were used for the overall characteristics of the tissues in the extraction socket. In specimens representing 1, 2 and 4 weeks of healing the various tissue elements were assessed using a morphometric point counting procedure. Tissue elements such as cells, fibers, vessels, leukocytes and mineralized bone were determined. In deparaffinized sections structures and cells positive for tartrate‐resistant acid phosphatase activity (TRAP), alkaline phosphatase and osteopontin were identified.Results: The biomaterial was first trapped in the fibrin network of the coagulum. Neutrophilic leukocytes [polymorphonuclear (PMN) cells] migrated to the surface of the foreign particles. In a second phase the PMN cells were replaced by multinuclear TRAP‐positive cells (osteoclasts). The osteoclasts apparently removed material from the surface of the xenogeneic graft. When after 1–2 weeks the osteoclasts disappeared from the Bio‐Oss® granules they were followed by osteoblasts that laid down bone mineral in the collagen bundles of the provisional matrix. In this third phase the Bio‐Oss® particles became osseointegrated.Conclusions: It was demonstrated that the incorporation of Bio‐Oss® in the tissue that formed in an extraction wound involved a series of different processes. To cite this article:
Araújo MG, Liljenberg B, Lindhe J. Dynamics of Bio‐Oss® Collagen incorporation in fresh extraction wounds: an experimental study in the dog.  Clin. Oral Impl. Res. 21, 2010; 55–64.
Distinction of conjunctival melanocytic nevi from melanomas by fluorescence in situ hybridization
Authors: Busam Klaus J. , Fang Yuqiang , Jhanwar Suresh C. , Pulitzer Melissa P. , Marr Brian , Abramson David H. 
Published: December 2009

A conjunctival melanocytic nevus may on occasion be difficult to distinguish from melanoma both clinically and histopathologically. An unambiguous correct diagnosis is critical because of major differences in management and prognosis. We evaluated a fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) assay, which has previously been shown to be of value for the diagnosis of melanocytic nevi and melanomas of the skin, using probes targeting 6p25 (RREB1), 6q23 (MYB), 11q13 (CCND1) and centromere 6 (CEP6), for its potential to assist in the distinction of conjunctival melanocytic nevi from melanomas. Four melanocytic nevi and eight melanomas of the conjunctiva were analyzed. Two of the melanomas were diagnostically problematic because of suboptimal histopathology. None of the conjunctival melanocytic nevi showed a level of chromosomal aberrations that met FISH criteria for a diagnosis of melanoma. All eight conjunctival melanomas (six unequivocal and two suspicious lesions) met FISH criteria for melanoma. Thus, results from FISH assay targeting 6p25, 6q23, 11q13 and centromere 6 correlated well with the histopathologic diagnoses and supported the histopathologic suspicion in two problem cases. The findings encourage further exploration of this technique as an ancillary method for the work‐up of conjunctival melanocytic proliferations.Busam KJ, Fang Y, Jhanwar SC, Pulitzer MP, Marr B, Abramson DH. Distinction of conjunctival melanocytic nevi from melanomas by fluorescence in situ hybridization.
ORIGINAL ARTICLE: Association Study of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor and Polymorphisms of its Gene with Ectopic Pregnancy
Authors: Elito Julio , Daher Silvia , Fernandes da Silva Marcelo Octávio , Marconi Natali Maiumi Higashi , Pendeloski Karen Priscilla Tezotto , Moron Antonio Fernandes , Camano Luiz 
Published: December 2009

Citation Elito J Jr, Daher S, Fernandes da Silva MO, Marconi NMH, Pendeloski KPT, Moron AF, Camano L. Association study of vascular endothelial growth factor and polymorphisms of its gene with ectopic pregnancy. Am J Reprod Immunol 2010; 63: 120–125Problem  In ectopic pregnancy, increased levels of vascular endothelial growth factor are present. The aims of this study were to determine the association between −634C/G, −460T/C, and +936C/T vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) polymorphisms and ectopic pregnancy, and to determine whether serum levels of VEGF were affected by genetic factors.Method of study  This is a case–control study wherein 74 women with a history of ectopic pregnancy in a tertiary care center were compared to 134 post‐menopausal controls with two pregnancies and no ectopic pregnancy for the genotyping of VEGF polymorphisms. For 35 patients with the diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy, serum concentrations of VEGF were obtained before the treatment. Genotyping of VEGF (−634C/G, −460T/C, and +936C/T) polymorphisms was performed by PCR, followed by endonuclease digestion. ELISA was performed to evaluate the VEGF serum levels.Results  The −634C/G, −460T/C, and +936C/T VEGF polymorphisms were not associated with ectopic pregnancy (P = 0.170, P = 0.285, and P = 0.700, respectively). The serum levels of VEGF were not associated with the genotype of −634C/G, −460T/C, and +936C/T VEGF polymorphisms (P = 0.702; P = 0.347, and P = 0.256, respectively).Conclusion  There was no association between ectopic pregnancy and −634C/G, −460T/C, and +936C/T VEGF polymorphisms. There was no correlation between VEGF genotype and the expression of VEGF in blood samples.
SHORT COMMUNICATION: Circulating and Decidual Th17 Cell Levels in Healthy Pregnancy
Authors: Nakashima Akitoshi , Ito Mika , Yoneda Satoshi , Shiozaki Arihiro , Hidaka Takao , Saito Shigeru 
Published: December 2009

Citation Nakashima A, Ito M, Yoneda S, Shiozaki A, Hidaka T, Saito S. Circulating and decidual Th17 cell levels in healthy pregnancy. Am J Reprod Immunol 2010; 63: 104–109Problem  The Th1/Th2 paradigm has recently been reconstituted to include a third population, Th17 cells. It has been reported that Th2 type immunity is predominantly present in normal pregnancy. However, the level of Th17 cells during pregnancy is still unclear. We investigated the level of peripheral Th17 cells in healthy pregnancy subjects.Method of study  To evaluate the levels of Th17 cells, we investigated the proportion of peripheral blood mononuclear cells that produced IL‐17 in the first, second, and third trimester pregnancy subjects using flow cytometry. We further studied the proportion of decidual lymphocytes that produced IL‐17 in early pregnant subjects.Results  Most of the IL‐17‐producing cells were CD4+ T cells. The number of circulating Th17 cells did not change during pregnancy. In a paired t‐test of early normal pregnant subjects, the proportion of IL‐17+ decidual lymphocytes was significantly higher than that of peripheral blood lymphocytes.Conclusion  Th17 levels in peripheral blood lymphocytes do not change during normal pregnancy.
CONSUMER PERCEPTION OF IRRADIATED FRUIT: A CASE STUDY USING CHOICE‐BASED CONJOINT ANALYSIS
Authors: DELIZA ROSIRES , ROSENTHAL AMAURI , HEDDERLEY DUNCAN , JAEGER SARA R. 
Published: December 2009

ABSTRACT Papaya is a popular fruit among Brazilian consumers, but one problem is that fruit ripens quickly due to the high temperatures of the country. Irradiation is an effective way of slowing down ripening, hereby increasing shelf‐life, but consumer acceptance of this novel technology is paramount for its successful introduction by industry. Using conjoint analysis, this research measures consumer acceptance of irradiated papaya fruit in a sample of urban Brazilian consumers. The study assesses the joint influence of product appearance, price and information about the use of irradiation for consumer choice. Real fruit was used and consumer responses were collected through intercept interviews in supermarkets. These two empirical aspects add external validity to the research. The responses from a convenience sample of 168 consumers from Rio de Janeiro revealed that the product appearance, as a proxy for product quality, was the most important factor influencing decision to purchase papaya. Price was of lesser importance. The participants in this study did not reject papaya due to the labelled information about the use of irradiation. This suggests irradiation as a viable alternative for fruit producers. Consumers demonstrated no knowledge about food irradiation, and education initiatives may be useful as a strategy to aid commercial introduction of irradiated papaya in Brazil. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONSThis study has important practical implications for Brazilian agribusinesses because it contributes to our understanding of the relationship between market changes, consumer behavior, food products and processing technologies. It has shown that sensory appearance was the key factor influencing Brazilian consumers' choice of papaya, however, more education and information regarding irradiation technology should be provided. The results suggest that irradiation could be used in Brazil and provide a viable alternative to fruit producers. As a consequence, these results are useful for strategic planning of consumer education regarding food irradiation (with emphasis on the benefits of processing and addressing the myths), something which could, eventually, contribute to a more favorable consumer response to the technology.
THE TACTILE SENSORY EVALUATION OF KNITTED FABRICS: EFFECT OF SOME FINISHING TREATMENTS
Authors: JEGUIRIM SELSABIL EL‐GHEZAL , DHOUIB AMAL BABAY , SAHNOUN MAHDI , CHEIKHROUHOU MORCHED , NJEUGNA NICOLE , SCHACHER LAURENCE , ADOLPHE DOMINIQUE 
Published: December 2009

ABSTRACT Good textile sensory characteristics required by the consumers incites textile industrialists to improve the sensory properties of fabrics. Therefore, several textile finishing processes have been proposed to improve the feel of fabrics. This work investigates the effects of some finishing treatments on the tactile properties using sensory analysis. The studied finishing treatments, namely bleaching, dyeing in different conditions, bio‐polishing, softening, emerizing and calendaring, were applied on 100% cotton knitted fabrics. The obtained sensory properties of treated fabrics are in accordance with each finishing treatment aim. Hence, the bio‐polishing treatment confers to fabrics a less hairy feeling, softening procures to fabrics a more soft, hairy and elastic feeling and emerizing leads to a more hairy and soft feeling. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONSThe practical use of the research presented in this paper is in the sensory evaluation of textile products. The tactile quality of fabrics is an important selling argument. Thus, the textile industrialists try to optimize the production, and especially finishing processes to improve the fabrics tactile feeling. Therefore, it seems necessary to develop tools describing and grading the sensory quality of the produced fabrics for similar consumers' evaluation.
INFLUENCE OF EDUCATION/PROFESSION OF MEXICAN CONSUMERS ON ACCEPTANCE AND PURCHASE INTENT OF CORN TORTILLA
Authors: CORREDOR JOSE ANDRES HERRERA , PRINYAWIWATKUL WITOON , NO HONG KYOON , CHOMPREEDA PENKWAN , GARCIA KAREN , SAIDU JANETTE E.P. , KHACHATRYAN ARMEN 
Published: December 2009

ABSTRACT Influence of education/profession of Mexican consumers on acceptance and purchase intent of corn tortillas was evaluated. Two groups of 150 Mexican consumers each (faculty/graduate students [A] versus field laborers [B]) rated sensory acceptability of corn tortillas. Acceptance and purchase intent were rated using a binomial scale. Group B had higher expectations towards corn tortillas as indicated by lower acceptability ratings. Both groups used rollability, resistance‐to‐tearing, and chewiness to differentiate tortilla samples, but group B paid more attention to these attributes as indicated by higher canonical correlation values. Acceptance was influenced by overall liking for both groups; chewiness and taste were also significant for group B. Purchase intent was influenced by overall liking and taste for both groups, but color for group A, and appearance and chewiness for group B were also critical. This study demonstrated that education/profession of Mexican consumers affected their acceptance and purchase intent of corn tortillas. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONSThis study revealed that education/profession of Mexican consumers affected acceptance and purchase intent of corn tortillas. Two groups of consumers with different levels of education had different expectation toward tortillas when making purchase decision. Understanding how each consumer segment differently perceives about the tortilla product will give marketers and manufacturers a better direction for developing tortilla products with expected sensory qualities.
ISOMORPHIC PERMUTED EXPERIMENTAL DESIGNS AND THEIR APPLICATION IN CONJOINT ANALYSIS
Authors: GOFMAN ALEX , MOSKOWITZ HOWARD 
Published: December 2009

ABSTRACT This paper deals with experimental designs used in conjoint analysis. The described approach permutes the structure of the underlying fractional experimental design to make different sets of combinations. The resulting experimental designs, suggested to be called Isomorphic Permuted Experimental Designs (IPED), are statistically equivalent to each other while combining diverse sets of the variables and levels into different designs. By facilitating distinctive individual designs (for each respondent), IPEDs reduce a bias caused by some possibly unusually strong performing combinations, and allow detection and estimation of interactions among variables, as well as identification of pattern‐based segments emerging from individual models of utilities. This paper examines the theoretical foundation of the approach, formalizes the methodology for algorithmic implementation and shows a practical example of utilization.PRACTICAL APPLICATIONSIsomorphic Permuted Experimental Design (IPED) allows for overcoming multiple interlinked statistical problems that affect the traditional conjoint analysis approaches, thus leading to more reliable and targeted results in practice. IPED facilitates individual respondents' models based on unique designs, thus allowing for pattern‐based segmentation. The approach also allows for the detection of any and all interactions between the elements (features) of the experiments, thus increasing the reliability of conjoint analysis results. It has been utilized in many practical applications, such as for message optimization, early stage new product development, advertising, package and website optimization.
The Global Financial Crisis and the Efficient Market Hypothesis: What Have We Learned?
Authors: Ball Ray 
Published: December 2009

The sharp economic downturn and turmoil in the financial markets, commonly referred to as the “global financial crisis,” has spawned an impressive outpouring of blame. The efficient market hypothesis (EMH)—the idea that competitive financial markets exploit all available information when setting security prices—has been singled out for particular attention. Like all successful theories, the EMH has major limitations, even as it continues to provide the foundation for not only past accomplishment, but future advances in the field of finance.Despite the theory's undoubted limitations, the claim that it is responsible for the current worldwide crisis seems wildly exaggerated. This essay shows the misreading of the theory and logical inconsistencies involved in popular arguments that EMH played a significant role in (1) the formation of the real estate and stock market bubbles, (2) investment practitioners' miscalculation of risks, and (3) the failure of regulators to recognize the bubbles and avert the crisis. At the same time, the author argues that the collapse of Lehman Brothers and other large financial institutions, far from resulting from excessive faith in efficient markets, reflects a failure to heed the lessons of efficient markets. In the author's words, “To me, Lehman's demise conclusively demonstrates that, in a competitive capital market, if you take massive risky positions financed with extraordinary leverage, you are bound to lose big one day—no matter how large and venerable you are.”Finally, behavioral finance, widely considered as challenging and even supplanting efficient markets theory, is viewed in this article as complementing if not reinforcing efficient markets theory. As the author says, “it takes a theory to beat a theory.” Behavioralism, for all its important contributions to finance literature, is described as not a theory but rather “a collection of ideas and results”— one that depends for its existence on the theory of efficient markets.