bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rosai‐Dorfman disease of the subglottis diagnosed by ultrasound‐guided fine‐needle aspiration biopsy: A case report
Authors: Tseng Yi‐Lun , Lin Yu‐Chin , Lo Cheng‐Yu , Liao Li‐Jen 
Published: December 2009

AbstractWe report a case of subglottic narrowing caused by an extranodal deposit of sinus histiocytosis in a 55‐year‐old man. To the best of our knowledge, no previous reports have described diagnosis using sonographic‐guided fine‐needle aspiration cytology for Rosai‐Dorfman disease of the subglottis. This patient was diagnosed by sonographic‐guided fine‐needle aspiration biopsy, which revealed lymphocytes, plasma cells, and many foamy, multinuclear histiocytes with preserved lymphocytes in their cytoplasm (emperipolesis). The patient underwent an incisional biopsy of the tumor and received postoperative steroids and low‐dose chemotherapy. The subglottic tumor was markedly regressed 6 months later. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound 2010
Detection of lead in Zea mays by dual‐energy X‐ray microtomography at the SYRMEP beamline of the ELETTRA synchrotron and by atomic absorption spectroscopy
Authors: Reale Lucia , Kaiser Jozef , Pace Loretta , Lai Antonia , Flora Francesco , Angelosante Bruno Antonella , Tucci Adele , Zuppella Paola , Mancini Lucia , Tromba Giuliana , Ruggieri Fabrizio , Fanelli Maria , Malina Radomir , Liška Miroslav , Poma Anna 
Published: December 2009

AbstractThis study is related to the application of the X‐ray dual‐energy microradiography technique together with the atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) for the detection of lead on Zea mays stem, ear, root, and leaf samples. To highlight the places with lead intake, the planar radiographs taken with monochromatic X‐ray radiation in absorption regime with photon energy below and above the absorption edge of a given chemical element, respectively, are analyzed and processed. To recognize the biological structures involved in the intake, the dual‐energy images with the lead signal have been compared with the optical images of the same Z. mays stem. The ear, stem, root, and leaf samples have also been analyzed with the AAS technique to measure the exact amount of the hyperaccumulated lead. The AAS measurement revealed that the highest intake occurred in the roots while the lowest in the maize ears and in the leaf. It seems there is a particular mechanism that protects the seeds and the leaves in the intake process. Microsc. Res. Tech., 2010. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.This article was published online on 1 December 2009. An error was subsequently identified. This notice is included in the online and print version to indicate that both have been corrected 19 February 2010.
Use of direct fluorescence labeling and confocal microscopy to determine the biodistribution of two protein therapeutics, Cerezyme® and Ceredase®
Authors: Piepenhagen Peter A. , Vanpatten Scott , Hughes Heather , Waire James , Murray James , Andrews Laura , Edmunds Tim , O'Callaghan Michael , Thurberg Beth L. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractEfficient targeting of therapeutic reagents to tissues and cell types of interest is critical to achieving therapeutic efficacy and avoiding unwanted side effects due to offtarget uptake. To increase assay efficiency and reduce the number of animals used per experiment during preclinical development, we used a combination of direct fluorescence labeling and confocal microscopy to simultaneously examine the biodistribution of two therapeutic proteins, Cerezyme® and Ceredase®, in the same animals. We show that the fluorescent tags do not interfere with protein uptake and localization. We are able to detect Cerezyme and Ceredase in intact cells and organs and demonstrate colocalization within target cells using confocal microscopy. In addition, the relative amount of protein internalized by different cell types can be quantified using cell type‐specific markers and morphometric analysis. This approach provides an easy and straightforward means of assessing the tissue and cell type‐specific biodistribution of multiple protein therapeutics in target organs using a minimal number of animals. Microsc. Res. Tech. 2010. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Decomposition of N‐hydroxylated compounds during atmospheric pressure chemical ionization
Authors: Eichenberger Silvan , Méret Michaël , Bienz Stefan , Bigler Laurent 
Published: November 2009

AbstractN‐Hydroxylated polyamine derivatives were found to decompose during the ionization process of liquid chromatography‐atmospheric pressure chemical ionization‐mass spectrometry (LC‐APCI‐MS) experiments. The phenomenon was studied with a model compound, a synthetic N‐hydroxylated tetraamine derivative. It was found that reduction, oxidation and water elimination occurred during APCI to generate the corresponding amine, N‐oxide, and imine. The investigation further revealed that decomposition of hydroxylamines during APCI depends upon the concentration of the analyte and on the acidity of the solution introduced into the ionization source. The pH‐dependence of decomposition was utilized for the development of an MS method that allows for the unambiguous identification of NOH functionalities. This method was applied for the study of natural products including polyamine toxins from the venom of the spider Agelenopsis aperta and mayfoline, a cyclic polyamine derivative of the shrub Maytenus buxifolia. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Human nucleus pulposus cells significantly enhanced biological properties in a coculture system with direct cell‐to‐cell contact with autologous mesenchymal stem cells
Authors: Watanabe Takuya , Sakai Daisuke , Yamamoto Yukihiro , Iwashina Toru , Serigano Kenji , Tamura Futoshi , Mochida Joji 
Published: December 2009

AbstractActivated nucleus pulposus (NP) cells can be reinserted into the disc to inhibit intervertebral disc degeneration. Experimental studies in animals showed that using a coculture system with direct cell‐to‐cell contact with mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) significantly upregulated the biological activity of NP cells. The purpose of this study is to determine whether this activation of NP cells by autologous MSCs is applicable to human cells in vitro. Human NP tissue was obtained from surgical specimens and MSCs from bone marrow of 10 subjects. Six‐well culture plates and inserts were used for culture; 1.0 × 104 NP cells were seeded onto each insert and incubated alone, in standard coculture with 1.0 × 104 MSCs, or cocultured with direct cell‐to‐cell contact. NP cell proliferation, DNA synthesis, and proteoglycan (PG) synthesis were evaluated. Chromosome abnormalities in the activated NP cells and tumorigenesis of the cells were evaluated in an additional 10 patients by microscopic examination for segmented cells and histological assessment of activated cells transplanted into nude mice. Cell proliferation, DNA synthesis, and PG synthesis were significantly upregulated. The positive effects of the coculture system with direct cell‐to‐cell contact seen in animal studies were also confirmed in human cells. Chromosome abnormalities and tumorigenesis were not observed in the activated NP cells. In conclusion, a coculture system with direct cell‐to‐cell contact demonstrated a significant positive effect, enhancing the biological properties of human NP cells, as it did in animal models. These results should prove useful for conducting trials leading to the clinical use of activated NP cell transplantation. © 2009 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 28:623–630, 2010
Estrogen modulates iodoacetate‐induced gene expression in bovine cartilage explants
Authors: Sniekers Yvonne H. , van Osch Gerjo J.V.M. , Jahr Holger , Weinans Harrie , van Leeuwen Johannes P.T.M. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractEstrogen loss may be involved in onset or progression of osteoarthritis. Estrogen receptors are present in chondrocytes, thus estrogen may exert effects directly on cartilage. However, studies on direct estrogen effects on cartilage are limited. We investigated, in an in vitro cartilage explant model, whether estrogen prevents damage or stimulates repair after damage induced by addition of iodoacetate (IA), as an experimental model for osteoarthritis. We used healthy bovine cartilage explants. Prevention experiment: Explants precultured with/without estradiol (E) for 3 days were cultured with IA for 4 h on day 0, and subsequently cultured as in preculture: with/without E. Explants were harvested at day 2 for gene expression analysis. Repair experiment: At day 0, explants were cultured with IA for 4 h on day 0, and subsequently cultured without E or with E. Explants were harvested at days 2, 10, and 14 for gene expression analysis. IA transiently downregulated most genes tested, whereas vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) was upregulated on day 2. On day 14, transforming growth factor β (TGFB)1 and TGFB3 were upregulated, and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)13 and VEGF downregulated. Estradiol affected gene expression of aggrecan (AGC)1, MMP2, MMP14, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP)2, TGFB2, and TGFB3. Prevention experiment: Estradiol did not significantly affect IA‐induced changes in gene expression (no significant interaction). Repair experiment: Estradiol affected IA‐induced changes in expression of collagen (COL)2, MMP2, MMP3, MMP13, MMP14, TIMP2, TGFB2, TGFB3, and VEGF. Estradiol affects expression of anabolic and catabolic genes in bovine cartilage explants and modulates the effects of IA. These effects of estradiol may be beneficial for cartilage maintenance and repair. © 2009 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 28:607–615, 2010
Supraspinatus tendon repair into a bony trough in the rabbit: Mechanical restoration and correlative imaging
Authors: Trudel Guy , Ramachandran Nanthan , Ryan Stephen E. , Rakhra Kawan , Uhthoff Hans K. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractRecurrence of tears is a common complication after rotator cuff surgery. Retearing seems to occur early after surgery and may be attributed to too early or too vigorous exercises. We found no experimental data correlating the strength of the rotator cuff early after surgery and imaging. Our objectives were to measure the peak load to failure of rabbit supraspinatus tendon–bone constructs at early times postoperatively, to determine their mode of failure, and to determine whether computed tomography (CT) can predict their strength. We divided one supraspinatus tendon of 40 adult female white New Zealand rabbits and, after resection of the enthesis, sutured the tendon into a bony trough. Ten rabbits were killed immediately and 10 each at 1, 2, and 6 weeks postoperatively. The explanted tendons of both shoulders were imaged on CT and tested to failure. Compared to normal tendons (mean 210 ± 42 N), the mean strength was very low at 0 weeks (57 ± 21 N) and 1 week (86 ± 33 N) (both p < 0.05); it had recovered by 6 weeks (324 ± 66 N). Early on, suture pullout was the most common mode of failure, whereas at 6 weeks, mid‐substance tears predominated (p < 0.05). Hypoattenuation on CT was associated with increased strength of the tendon–bone construct (p < 0.05). The strength of the surgical construct is very low in the early postoperative period. Therefore, the shoulder should be submitted only to loads not interfering with healing. © 2009 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 28:710–715, 2010
The Degradation and Adsorption Behaviors of Enzyme on Poly(butylene succinate) Single Crystals
Authors: Jiang Xi , Yang Ju‐Ping , Wang Xiao‐Hong , Zhou Jian‐Jun , Li Lin 
Published: December 2009

AbstractThe enzymatic degradation behavior of poly(butylene succinate) (PBS) single crystals with a lipase from Pseudomonas cepacia (lipase PS) is monitored using atomic force microscopy (AFM) in phosphate buffer at pH 6.8 and 40 °C. In‐situ AFM results show that enzymatic degradation of the single crystal starts from the crystal edges rather than the chain‐folded surfaces and the lamellar thickness remains constant during the whole degradation process. Total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy (TIRFM) is used for the first time to study the adsorption behavior of lipase onto the PBS crystal surface. The results clearly show that the enzyme molecules preferentially adsorb on the lateral surfaces of the single crystal but not on the chain‐folded surfaces. AFM force–distance curve measurements and force–volume imaging obtained using a lipase‐immobilized AFM tip show that small and large adhesive forces exist in the flat‐on and edge‐on areas of a PBS banded spherulite, respectively, which correspond to the chain‐folded surface and lateral edges of a single crystal.magnified image
Functional Amyloids Used by Organisms: A Lesson in Controlling Assembly
Authors: Smith Andrew M. , Scheibel Thomas 
Published: December 2009

AbstractAmyloid has been studied primarily in relation to the disease states that it causes in humans, but in recent years, a range of proteins have been identified that self‐assemble to a β‐sheet rich fold as part of their native function and as such have been termed as functional amyloids.1 These functional amyloids fulfil a range of tasks within cells and extracellularly. In this paper, we will discuss the concept of functional amyloids, specifically in the sense of a structural component for the producing organism. Additionally, we will discuss how these organisms have controlled amyloid formation so that it only occurs at specific locations and at a desired time.magnified image
Alternating Encapsulation of Water‐Soluble Components in a One‐Dimensional Structure
Authors: Park Chul Ho , Lee Jonghwi 
Published: November 2009

AbstractA novel multi‐compound electrospinning method is described, using high‐conductivity aqueous solutions for the inner fluid and low‐conductivity polymeric solutions for the outer fluids. The driving fluid among inner fluids at the equivalent conductivity is switched at a certain frequency. The switching of the Taylor cone results in the alternative embedding of inner components. Also, the number of inner capillaries is proportional to the encapsulation components. Therefore, our method might be useful to alternatively encapsulate a variety of water‐soluble materials in fibers.magnified image
Studying and Suppressing Olefin Isomerization Side Reactions During ADMET Polymerizations
Authors: Fokou Patrice A. , Meier Michael A. R. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractOlefin isomerization side reactions that occur during ADMET polymerizations were studied by preparing polyesters via ADMET and subsequently degrading these polyesters via transesterification with methanol. The resulting diesters, representing the repeating units of the previously prepared polyesters, were then analyzed by GC‐MS. This strategy allowed quantification of the amount of olefin isomerization that took place during ADMET polymerization with second generation ruthenium metathesis catalysts. In a second step, it was shown that the addition of benzoquinone to the polymerization mixture prevented the olefin isomerization. Therefore, second generation ruthenium metathesis catalysts may now be used for the preparation of well‐defined polymers via ADMET with very little isomerization, which was not possible before.magnified image
On the assessment of the value of the seasonal forecast information
Authors: Kumar Arun 
Published: December 2009

AbstractSeasonal climate forecasts are now routinely produced at many operational and research centres. With the availability of the emerging technology of seasonal climate predictions for managing risks, however, it has proven difficult to quantify the value of seasonal climate forecasts in various applications. The definition of the value in the context of the use of the Seasonal Forecast Information (SFI) is the net benefit a user (or society) incurs as a result of change in management practices in response to the availability of the SFI.A review of the difficulties associated with the value assessment of the SFI is presented. The paper includes a broad overview of pathways how the SFI is used by the various users and applications. The discussion then summarizes difficulties associated with isolating the benefits of the use of the SFI leading to the current paradigm where the value assessments from the use of the SFI are hard to quantify. Copyright © 2009 Royal Meteorological Society
Helium‐3 MR q‐space imaging with radial acquisition and iterative highly constrained back‐projection
Authors: O'Halloran Rafael L. , Holmes James H. , Wu Yu‐Chien , Alexander Andrew , Fain Sean B. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractAn undersampled diffusion‐weighted stack‐of‐stars acquisition is combined with iterative highly constrained back‐projection to perform hyperpolarized helium‐3 MR q‐space imaging with combined regional correction of radiofrequency‐ and T1‐related signal loss in a single breath‐held scan. The technique is tested in computer simulations and phantom experiments and demonstrated in a healthy human volunteer with whole‐lung coverage in a 13‐sec breath‐hold. Measures of lung microstructure at three different lung volumes are evaluated using inhaled gas volumes of 500 mL, 1000 mL, and 1500 mL to demonstrate feasibility. Phantom results demonstrate that the proposed technique is in agreement with theoretical values, as well as with a fully sampled two‐dimensional Cartesian acquisition. Results from the volunteer study demonstrate that the root mean squared diffusion distance increased significantly from the 500‐mL volume to the 1000‐mL volume. This technique represents the first demonstration of a spatially resolved hyperpolarized helium‐3 q‐space imaging technique and shows promise for microstructural evaluation of lung disease in three dimensions. Magn Reson Med, 2010. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Enhancement of gas‐filled microbubble R2* by iron oxide nanoparticles for MRI
Authors: Chow April M. , Chan Kannie W. Y. , Cheung Jerry S. , Wu Ed X. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractGas‐filled microbubbles have the potential to become a unique intravascular MR contrast agent due to their magnetic susceptibility effect, biocompatibility, and localized manipulation via ultrasound cavitation. However, microbubble susceptibility effect is relatively weak when compared with other intravascular MR susceptibility contrast agents. In this study, enhancement of microbubble susceptibility effect by entrapping monocrystalline iron oxide nanoparticles (MIONs) into polymeric microbubbles was investigated at 7 T in vitro. Apparent T2 enhancement (ΔR2*) induced by microbubbles was measured to be 79.2 ± 17.5 sec−1 and 301.2 ± 16.8 sec−1 for MION‐free and MION‐entrapped polymeric microbubbles at 5% volume fraction, respectively. ΔR2* and apparent transverse relaxivities (r2*) for MION‐entrapped polymeric microbubbles and MION‐entrapped solid microspheres (without gas core) were also compared, showing the synergistic effect of the gas core with MIONs. This is the first experimental demonstration of microbubble susceptibility enhancement for MRI application. This study indicates that gas‐filled polymeric microbubble susceptibility effect can be substantially increased by incorporating iron oxide nanoparticles into microbubble shells. With such an approach, microbubbles can potentially be visualized with higher sensitivity and lower concentrations by MRI. Magn Reson Med, 2010. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Reliability and precision of pseudo‐continuous arterial spin labeling perfusion MRI on 3.0 T and comparison with 15O‐water PET in elderly subjects at risk for Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Xu Guofan , Rowley Howard A. , Wu Gaohong , Alsop David C. , Shankaranarayanan Ajit , Dowling Maritza , Christian Bradley T. , Oakes Terrence R. , Johnson Sterling C. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractArterial spin labeling (ASL) offers MRI measurement of cerebral blood flow (CBF) in vivo, and may offer clinical diagnostic utility in populations such as those with early Alzheimer's disease (AD). In the current study, we investigated the reliability and precision of a pseudo‐continuous ASL (pcASL) sequence that was performed two or three times within one hour on eight young normal control subjects, and 14 elderly subjects including 11 with normal cognition, one with AD and two with Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI). Six of these elderly subjects including one AD, two MCIs and three controls also received 15O‐water positron emission tomography (PET) scans 2 h before their pcASL MR scan. The instrumental reliability of pcASL was evaluated with the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). The ICCs were greater than 0.90 in pcASL global perfusion measurements for both the young and the elderly groups. The cross‐modality perfusion imaging comparison yielded very good global and regional agreement in global gray matter and the posterior cingulate cortex. Significant negative correlation was found between age and the gray/white matter perfusion ratio (r = –0.62, p < 0.002). The AD and MCI patients showed the lowest gray/white matter perfusion ratio among all the subjects. The data suggest that pcASL provides a reliable whole brain CBF measurement in young and elderly adults whose results converge with those obtained with the traditional 15O‐water PET perfusion imaging method. pcASL perfusion MRI offers an alternative method for non‐invasive in vivo examination of early pathophysiological changes in AD. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Proper generalized decomposition of multiscale models
Authors: Chinesta F. , Ammar A. , Cueto E. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractIn this paper the coupling of a parabolic model with a system of local kinetic equations is analyzed. A space–time separated representation is proposed for the global model (this is simply the radial approximation proposed by Pierre Ladeveze in the LATIN framework (Non‐linear Computational Structural Mechanics. Springer: New York, 1999)). The originality of the present work concerns the treatment of the local problem, that is first globalized (in space and time) and then fully globalized by introducing a new coordinate related to the different species involved in the kinetic model. Thanks to the non‐incremental nature of both discrete descriptions (the local and the global one) the coupling is quite simple and no special difficulties are encountered by using heterogeneous time integrations. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis in Texas: Observations on ethnicity and race
Authors: Niece J. Allyson , Rogers Zora R. , Ahmad Naveed , Langevin Anne‐Marie , McClain Kenneth L. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractBackgroundEarly recognition and aggressive treatment of hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) has changed a uniformly fatal disease to one 55% survive. We examined the diagnosis and treatment of pediatric patients with HLH from the three largest academic medical centers in Texas for information on modern non‐study treatment and survival. In contrast with previously reported series, the racial and ethnic composition of Texas provided a unique opportunity to evaluate the impact of race and ethnicity on survival with HLH.ProcedureA retrospective chart review of local oncology and pathology databases identified 70 patients with HLH from 1992 to 2007. Median age was 1.8 years (range 0.1–16.5 years) and 43% were Latino.ResultsWe identified 70 patients with an overall survival of 67% after a median follow‐up of 3 months (range 1–139 months). Twenty patients (29%) underwent stem cell transplant (SCT). Seven patients (18%) had mutations in the Perforin, Munc 13‐4, or Syntaxin‐11 genes, consistent with primary disease. Calculated cross‐sectional prevalence of HLH in Texas from our study is 1 in 100,000 children. The effect of Latino ethnicity on survival was not statistically significant.ConclusionHLH is a rare but potentially treatable illness with modern aggressive therapy. Though treatment is more standardized for HLH, the role of race and ethnicity as risk factors for development of disease and impact on outcome may warrant further investigation. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2010;54:424–428. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.