bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Couples’ Coping in Prodromal Huntington Disease: A Mixed Methods Study
Authors: Downing Nancy R. , Williams Janet K. , Leserman Anne L. , Paulsen Jane S. 
Published: January 2012

AbstractHuntington disease (HD) includes a prodromal phase with behavioral, cognitive, and motor function decline occurring up to 15 years prior to diagnosis. This study used mixed methods to examine how people in the prodromal phase and their companions coped with noticed changes. Twenty‐three couples completed a semi‐structured interview and Brief COPE. Participants with prodromal HD used acceptance, emotional support, and planning most frequently; companions used acceptance, planning, and active coping. Least frequently used coping strategies for each were denial, behavioral disengagement, and substance use. Qualitative interviews revealed coping strategies not included in the Brief COPE. Participants with prodromal HD used prescription medications, coping as a couple, hope, and self‐monitoring; companions used hope and helping their partners. Many of the coping procedures were rated as effective, especially when changes were not severe. Couples may benefit from counseling that emphasizes using active coping strategies for changes that can be compensated for and acceptance for changes that cannot in prodromal HD. Findings from this study may be helpful for counseling patients and significant others facing other neurodegenerative conditions with prodromal or early phases, such as Alzheimer disease and Parkinson disease.
Black-White Disparities in Life Expectancy: How Much Can the Standard SES Variables Explain?
Authors: Geruso Michael 
Published: January 2012

Abstract
This article quantifies the extent to which socioeconomic and demographic characteristics can account for black-white disparities in life expectancy in the United States. Although many studies have investigated the linkages between race, socioeconomic status, and mortality, this article is the first to measure how much of the life expectancy gap remains after differences in mortality are purged of the compositional differences in socioeconomic characteristics between blacks and whites. The decomposition is facilitated by a reweighting technique that creates counterfactual estimation samples in which the distribution of income, education, employment and occupation, marital status, and other theoretically relevant variables among blacks is made to match the distribution of these variables among whites. For males, 80% of the black-white gap in life expectancy at age 1 can be accounted for by differences in socioeconomic and demographic characteristics. For females, 70% percent of the gap is accounted for. Labor force participation, occupation, and (among women only) marital status have almost no additional power to explain the black-white disparity in life expectancy after precise measures for income and education are controlled for.
GETTING READY FOR THE MARRIAGE MARKET? A REJOINDER
Authors: GRIMPS FLORIAN , SCHNEIDER BJÖRN 
Published: January 2012

SummaryThere is an obvious need for better understanding of people's motives for body weight change, due to the importance of the health-related, social and economic consequences of obesity. In particular, exploration of little-discussed social aspects could provide further insights, but requires, however, close examination. This also applies to the study of the effect of marriage-market-related incentives and divorce risks on individual body mass index (BMI). Nevertheless, the ongoing debate about whether and to what extent the risk of divorce influences the body constitution of middle-aged individuals has as yet failed to mature into a common agreement. This paper will therefore re-examine theoretical assumptions and statistical calculations to clarify still contentious points. Finally, the results of this study suggest once more that there is no significant relationship between country-specific divorce risk and BMI among married individuals in Europe.
XXI.—The Diamond Signet of Henrietta Maria, Queen of Charles I
Authors: Fortnum Charles Drury Edward 
Published: January 2012

It has long been known that King Charles I. of England, some two years or little more after his accession to the throne and marriage with Henrietta Maria, a daughter of Prance, ordered that a diamond should be engraved with his arms, as a signet, designing it probably for his Queen's private use.Although such signet has been lost sight of and forgotten, the record still exists of payment made to the artist for executing the work, and from it alone have we hitherto derived that knowledge.
VII.—On a Votive Painting of St. George and the Dragon, with kneeling Figures of Henry VII., his Queen and Children, formerly at Strawberry Hill, and now in the possession of Her Majesty the Queen
Authors: Scharf George 
Published: January 2012

The Picture which, by Her Majesty's gracious permission, is exhibited before the Society this evening, may be regarded as one of the accepted landmarks of historical painting in England.The grouping of the figures has been made familiar to all students of art by a well executed line engraving taken from the picture in 1762, by Ch. Grignion, and published in the 4to. edition of Walpole's Anecdotes of Painting issued at that date. This was copied on a somewhat smaller scale by Ph. Audinet for the Rev. James Dallaway's edition of the Anecdotes published in 1826, and employed again in the more amplified reprint annotated by Ralph Nicholson Wornum in 1849. The plate which accompanies this paper is a photographic reproduction of a choice impression of Grignion's original engraving in 1762.
XII.—Remarks on the Dorian Peninsula and Gulf, with Notes on a Temple of Latona there
Authors: Spratt T.A.B. 
Published: January 2012

The south-western extremity of Asia Minor, opposite the Island of Cos and Rhodes, is noted for a remarkable promontory, extending nearly east and west towards the former island for a length of thirty-seven miles.The promontory separates two gulfs, the northern one being the ancient Ceramicus Sinus, but now called the Grulf of Boudroum (from the Turkish town and castle of Boudroum, occupying the site of the celebrated city of Halicarnassus within it), and the Southern the Dorian Gulf.
XV.—The Temple and Atrium of Vesta and the Regia
Authors: Middleton John Henry 
Published: January 2012

Before describing the very interesting remains of these buildings recently brought to light, it may be well to give a short account of the worship of Vesta and the rules relating to her priestesses.This cult was (according to tradition) brought to Rome from Alba Long, either in the reign of Romulus or of Numa.
XVII.—Notes on a recent discovery of part of the Roman Wall of London
Authors: Fox George E. 
Published: January 2012

The following notes, mostly made on the spot, record the discovery of a further portion of the Roman wall of London, and give such details respecting its construction as it has been possible to observe.The Government having determined to erect additional buildings to the General Post Office in St. Martin's le Grand, certain steps were taken in order to ascertain the nature of the ground on which these buildings were to be placed. For this purpose, in the latter part of 1887, shafts were sunk along a line from Aldersgate Street to King Edward Street, some yards south of the old money order office and parallel to Bull and Mouth Street, a street now swept away. In sinking these pits the workmen came upon the Roman wall, and afterwards, as the process of preparing the site for the new buildings proceeded, a considerable fragment of it was unearthed running east and west, and extending from Aidersgate Street on the one side to King Edward Street on the other. It was found that the line of buildings and walls forming the southern boundary of the churchyard of St. Botolph, Aldersgate Street, was based upon this wall, and it seems very probable that the churchyard and church above named partly occupy the ground filling up the original ditch.
XX.—On a Roman villa in Spoonley Wood, Gloucestershire; and on Romano-British houses generally
Authors: Middleton J. Henry 
Published: January 2012

This recently discovered Roman villa stands at the foot of a hill, in a very beautiful situation, in one of the valleys of the Cotswold hills, about three miles from Winchcombe, in Spoonley Wood.This elevated and yet sheltered district, with its rich soil and fine timber, appears to have been a favourite place of residence for wealthy Romans.Remains of several other houses of Roman date have been found within a short distance of Spoonley, and no doubt many others still remain hidden below the soil.
Accounts of the New Madrid Earthquakes: Personal Narratives across Two Centuries of North American Seismology
Authors: Valencius Conevery Bolton 
Published: January 2012

ArgumentThe New Madrid earthquakes shook much of North America in the winter of 1811–1812. Accounts of the New Madrid earthquakes originally were collected and employed as scientific evidence in the early nineteenth century. These early accounts were largely ignored when scientific instruments promised more quantitative and exact knowledge. Years later the earthquakes themselves became both more important and less understood because of changes in scientific models. Today, so-called intraplate or stable continental region earthquakes pose a significant problem in seismology. Historical accounts of the New Madrid events offer some of the most significant examples upon which researchers can draw and form the basis for debates over present public policy. The changing function of accounts, from narrative elements of widely-shared scientific discussion, to raw data, and back into wide-ranging conversation once again, demonstrates both deep ruptures and surprising continuities during two centuries of understanding the earth and its movement.
Seed banking in ancient forest species: why total sampled area really matters
Authors: Plue Jan , Thompson Ken , Verheyen Kris , Hermy Martin 
Published: January 2012

AbstractThis study investigates how methodological aspects of seed-bank sampling affect seed-bank records in temperate deciduous forests. We focused explicitly on seed-bank records of ancient forest species, which are assumed to lack a persistent seed bank; a hypothesis suspected to be partly due to methodological shortcomings. Through a quantitative review of 31 seed-bank studies in temperate deciduous forests of central and north-west Europe, we quantified the role of sampling methodology in constraining total seed-bank records and seed-bank records of ancient forest species (γ-diversity, average species' retrieval frequency and average seed density). A major methodological trade-off was established between sampled plot area and the number of plots: at an increased number of plots, the area sampled per plot decreased significantly. The total surface area sampled in a study was the primary determinant of γ-diversity, both for overall species richness and for ancient forest species richness. A high retrieval frequency of ancient forest species indicated that few plots were intensively sampled. The parallel increase in total species richness and ancient forest species richness and the non-significance of their ratio in relation to methodological variables suggests that ancient forest species are not particularly rare in the seed bank compared to other species. These results imply that sampling methodology has a far-reaching impact on seed-bank records such as γ-diversity, the detection of ancient forest species and ultimately seed-bank composition. We formulate a set of guidelines to improve the quality of seed-bank studies in temperate deciduous forests.
Architectural design influences the diversity and structure of the built environment microbiome
Authors: Kembel Steven W , Jones Evan , Kline Jeff , Northcutt Dale , Stenson Jason , Womack Ann M , Bohannan Brendan J M , Brown G Z , Green Jessica L 
Published: January 2012

Abstract
Buildings are complex ecosystems that house trillions of microorganisms interacting with each other, with humans and with their environment. Understanding the ecological and evolutionary processes that determine the diversity and composition of the built environment microbiome—the community of microorganisms that live indoors—is important for understanding the relationship between building design, biodiversity and human health. In this study, we used high-throughput sequencing of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene to quantify relationships between building attributes and airborne bacterial communities at a health-care facility. We quantified airborne bacterial community structure and environmental conditions in patient rooms exposed to mechanical or window ventilation and in outdoor air. The phylogenetic diversity of airborne bacterial communities was lower indoors than outdoors, and mechanically ventilated rooms contained less diverse microbial communities than did window-ventilated rooms. Bacterial communities in indoor environments contained many taxa that are absent or rare outdoors, including taxa closely related to potential human pathogens. Building attributes, specifically the source of ventilation air, airflow rates, relative humidity and temperature, were correlated with the diversity and composition of indoor bacterial communities. The relative abundance of bacteria closely related to human pathogens was higher indoors than outdoors, and higher in rooms with lower airflow rates and lower relative humidity. The observed relationship between building design and airborne bacterial diversity suggests that we can manage indoor environments, altering through building design and operation the community of microbial species that potentially colonize the human microbiome during our time indoors.
Composition of the summer photosynthetic pico and nanoplankton communities in the Beaufort Sea assessed by T-RFLP and sequences of the 18S rRNA gene from flow cytometry sorted samples
Authors: Balzano Sergio , Marie Dominique , Gourvil Priscillia , Vaulot Daniel 
Published: January 2012

Abstract
The composition of photosynthetic pico and nanoeukaryotes was investigated in the North East Pacific and the Arctic Ocean with special emphasis on the Beaufort Sea during the MALINA cruise in summer 2009. Photosynthetic populations were sorted using flow cytometry based on their size and pigment fluorescence. Diversity of the sorted photosynthetic eukaryotes was determined using terminal-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis and cloning/sequencing of the 18S ribosomal RNA gene. Picoplankton was dominated by Mamiellophyceae, a class of small green algae previously included in the prasinophytes: in the North East Pacific, the contribution of an Arctic Micromonas ecotype increased steadily northward becoming the only taxon occurring at most stations throughout the Beaufort Sea. In contrast, nanoplankton was more diverse: North Pacific stations were dominated by Pseudo-nitzschia sp. whereas those in the Beaufort Sea were dominated by two distinct Chaetoceros species as well as by Chrysophyceae, Pelagophyceae and Chrysochromulina spp.. This study confirms the importance of Arctic Micromonas within picoplankton throughout the Beaufort Sea and demonstrates that the photosynthetic picoeukaryote community in the Arctic is much less diverse than at lower latitudes. Moreover, in contrast to what occurs in warmer waters, most of the key pico- and nanoplankton species found in the Beaufort Sea could be successfully established in culture.
Intraoperative Hypotension and Perioperative Ischemic Stroke after General Surgery
Authors: Bijker Jilles B. , Persoon Suzanne , Peelen Linda M. , Moons Karel G. M. , Kalkman Cor J. , Kappelle L. Jaap , van Klei Wilton A. 
Published: January 2012

Background
Postoperative stroke is a rare but major complication after surgery. The most often proposed mechanism is an embolus originating from the heart or great vessels. The role of intraoperative hypotension in the occurrence and evolution of postoperative stroke is largely unknown.

Methods
A case-control study was conducted among 48,241 patients who underwent noncardiac and nonneurosurgical procedures in the period from January 2002 to June 2009. A total of 42 stroke cases (0.09%) were matched on age and type of surgery to 252 control patients. Conditional logistic regression analysis was used to estimate the effect of the duration of intraoperative hypotension (defined according to a range of blood pressure thresholds) on the occurrence of an ischemic stroke within 10 days after surgery, adjusted for potential confounding factors.

Results
After correction for potential confounders and multiple testing, the duration that the mean blood pressure was decreased more than 30% from baseline remained statistically significantly associated with the occurrence of a postoperative stroke.

Conclusions
Intraoperative hypotension might play a role in the development of postoperative ischemic stroke. Especially for mean blood pressure values decreasing more than 30% from baseline blood pressure, an association with postoperative ischemic stroke risks was observed.
Rectal Suction Biopsy to Exclude the Diagnosis of Hirschsprung Disease
Authors: Hayes Christopher E. , Kawatu David , Mangray Shamlal , LeLeiko Neal S. 
Published: January 2012

ABSTRACTObjectives:Hirschsprung disease (HD) is defined as the absence of ganglion cells in the Meissner and Auerbach plexuses. Diagnosis depends on demonstrating the absence of ganglion cells in rectal biopsy specimens. Rectal suction biopsy is widely employed as the method of choice in obtaining such specimens. Classically, the diagnosis was made until the 1990s by using the Multipurpose Suction Biopsy Kit, or Rubin Tube. This device was replaced by the Model SBT‐100 Suction Biopsy Kit as the exclusive device used to procure rectal tissue. Because the suction devices are known to occasionally yield tissue that is insufficient, the present study was undertaken to determine the efficacy of using this technique to make or exclude the diagnosis of HD.Methods:The last 50 biopsy sessions using the Multipurpose Suction Biopsy Kit and the first 46 sessions using the Model SBT‐100 were included for review.Results:Both groups had similar yields (24%) of biopsy sessions with insufficient tissue to allow meaningful interpretation. The predictive value of rectal suction biopsy in excluding HD at the first biopsy session was 65%.Conclusions:We conclude that HD can be excluded with a single rectal suction biopsy 65% of the time. A second biopsy session will exclude the diagnosis in an additional 11% of patients. Both devices yield biopsies of comparable quality and are equally useful in excluding the diagnoses of HD.
Identification of High-Temperature-Responsive Genes in Cereals
Authors: Hemming Megan N. , Walford Sally A. , Fieg Sarah , Dennis Elizabeth S. , Trevaskis Ben 
Published: January 2012

AbstractHigh temperature influences plant development and can reduce crop yields. We examined how ambient temperature influences reproductive development in the temperate cereals wheat (Triticum aestivum) and barley (Hordeum vulgare). High temperature resulted in rapid progression through reproductive development in long days, but inhibited early stages of reproductive development in short days. Activation of the long-day flowering response pathway through day-length-insensitive alleles of the PHOTOPERIOD1 gene, which result in high FLOWERING LOCUS T-like1 transcript levels, did not allow rapid early reproductive development at high temperature in short days. Furthermore, high temperature did not increase transcript levels of FLOWERING LOCUS T-like genes. These data suggest that genes or pathways other than the long-day response pathway mediate developmental responses to high temperature in cereals. Transcriptome analyses suggested a possible role for vernalization-responsive genes in the developmental response to high temperature. The MADS-box floral repressor HvODDSOC2 is expressed at elevated levels at high temperature in short days, and might contribute to the inhibition of early reproductive development under these conditions. FLOWERING PROMOTING FACTOR1-like, RNase-S-like genes, and VER2-like genes were also identified as candidates for high-temperature-responsive developmental regulators. Overall, these data suggest that rising temperatures might elicit different developmental responses in cereal crops at different latitudes or times of year, due to the interaction between temperature and day length. Additionally, we suggest that different developmental regulators might mediate the response to high temperature in cereals compared to Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana).
Expression, purification, crystallization and preliminary X-ray diffraction analysis of a ribokinase from the thermohalophileHalothermothrix orenii
Authors: Kori Lokesh D. , Hofmann Andreas , Patel Bharat K. C. 
Published: January 2012

A ribokinase gene (rbk) from the anaerobic halothermophilic bacteriumHalothermothrix oreniiwas cloned and overexpressed inEscherichia coli. The recombinant protein (Ho-Rbk) was purified using immobilized metal-ion affinity chromatography and crystals were obtained using the sitting-drop method. Diffraction data were collected to a resolution of 3.1 Å using synchrotron radiation. The crystals belonged to the orthorhombic space groupP212121, with unit-cell parametersa= 45.6,b= 61.1,c= 220.2, and contained two molecules per asymmetric unit. A molecular-replacement solution has been found and attempts are currently under way to build a model of the ribokinase. Efforts to improve crystal quality so that higher resolution data can be obtained are also being considered.
Expression, purification, crystallization and preliminary X-ray analysis ofPseudomonas aeruginosaPelD
Authors: Marmont Lindsey S. , Whitney John C. , Robinson Howard , Colvin Kelly M. , Parsek Matthew R. , Howell P. Lynne 
Published: January 2012

The production of the PEL polysaccharide inPseudomonas aeruginosarequires the binding of bis-(3′,5′)-cyclic dimeric guanosine monophosphate (c-di-GMP) to the cytoplasmic GGDEF domain of the inner membrane protein PelD. Here, the overexpression, purification and crystallization of a soluble construct of PelD that encompasses the GGDEF domain and a predicted GAF domain is reported. Diffraction-quality crystals were grown using the hanging-drop vapour-diffusion method. The crystals grew as flat plates, with unit-cell parametersa = 88.3,b= 114.0,c= 61.9 Å, α = β = γ = 90.0°. The PelD crystals exhibited the symmetry of space groupP21212 and diffracted to a minimumd-spacing of 2.2 Å. On the basis of the Matthews coefficient (VM= 2.29 Å3 Da−1), it was estimated that two molecules are present in the asymmetric unit.
Purification, crystallization and preliminary X-ray characterization ofBacillus cereusarylamineN-acetyltransferase 3 [(BACCR)NAT3]
Authors: Kubiak Xavier , Pluvinage Benjamin , Li de la Sierra-Gallay Inès , Weber Patrick , Haouz Ahmed , Dupret Jean-Marie , Rodrigues-Lima Fernando 
Published: January 2012

ArylamineN-acetyltransferases (NATs) are xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes (XMEs) that catalyze the acetylation of arylamines. All functional NATs described to date possess a strictly conserved Cys-His-Asp catalytic triad. Here, the purification, crystallization and preliminary X-ray characterization ofBacillus cereusarylamineN-acetyltransferase 3 [(BACCR)NAT3], a putative NAT isoenzyme that possesses a unique catalytic triad containing a glutamate residue, is reported. The crystal diffracted to 2.42 Å resolution and belonged to the monoclinic space groupC121, with unit-cell parametersa= 90.44,b= 44.52,c = 132.98 Å, β = 103.8°.