bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Acute supraglottitis in adults in Finland: Review and analysis of 308 cases
Authors: Bizaki Argyro J. , Numminen Jura , Vasama Jussi‐Pekka , Laranne Jussi , Rautiainen Markus 
Published: September 2011

AbstractObjective:The aim of this article is to study the clinical features, management, and outcome in adult patients with acute supraglottitis.Study Design:Retrospective review.Methods:We searched the medical records from our database from the years 1989 to 2009 using codes of international statistical classification of diseases and related health problems for acute epiglottitis or supraglottitis. In total, 308 patients were identified.Results:Incidence of acute supraglottitis increased from 1.88 (first decade) to 4.73 per 100,000 cases (second decade) (P = .05). The mean age of the patients was 49 years old with a slightly male predominance. Sore throat and odynophagia were the most common symptoms. Concomitant disease were common among the patients. Isolated inflammation of epiglottis without involvement of other supraglottic tissue was detected only in 51 patients. Intravenous cephalosporins were the most common empiric antibiotic treatment regimen. Intravenous corticosteroids were administered to half of the cases. Streptococcus was the most common organism in throat cultures. In total, 45 patients needed airway intervention. Complications were rare and mortality was 0.6% in our series.Conclusions:Acute supraglottitis in adults seems to be a different entity than epiglottitis in children, and inflammation does not usually exclusively involve the epiglottis. Early diagnosis seems to decrease the need for airway intervention and to permit the successful treatment of the patient with intravenous antibiotics and corticosteroids. Streptococcus appears as the dominant causative microorganism. However systemic diseases and other local infections that compromise the regional supraglottic immunity may increase the risk for acute supraglottitis.
Endoscopic laser‐assisted diverticulotomy versus open surgical approach in the treatment of Zenker's diverticulum
Authors: Koch Michael , Mantsopoulos Konstantinos , Velegrakis Stylianos , Iro Heinrich , Zenk Johannes 
Published: September 2011

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:This study aimed to evaluate the results of endoscopic laser‐assisted diverticulotomy and the transcervical approach in treating Zenker's diverticulum.Study Design:Retrospective clinical study.Methods:Results of 155 cases after endoscopic laser‐assisted diverticulotomy and the transcervical approach were retrospectively compared.Results:Primary treatment consisted of endoscopic laser‐assisted diverticulotomy in 65.2%, and 34.8% were treated by a transcervical approach. Average follow‐up time was 61.8 months. Surgical time, duration of hospitalization, and occurrence of minor complications were significantly lower after endoscopic approach. Recurrence rate showed a statistically significant difference in favor of open approach. Including the recurrences, 38.7% could be cured only by transcervical techniques. Patient perception of success was found to be similar for the compared treatment modalities.Conclusions:Endoscopic approach proved to be the treatment of first choice. However, the fact that open techniques were necessary in nearly 40% of our cases suggests that this operative technique retains a substantial role in treatment of this disease.
Nasal endoscopy in children with suspected allergic rhinitis
Authors: Ameli Franco , Brocchetti Fabio , Tosca Maria Angela , Signori Alessio , Ciprandi Giorgio 
Published: September 2011

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:Ear, nose, and throat assessment may be frequently requested for children with allergic rhinitis (AR). Nasal endoscopy allows a thorough evaluation of the nose. The aim of the study was to investigate whether there are endoscopic signs predictive for AR diagnosis in a cohort of children with suspected AR.Study Design:Cohort of observational study.Methods:There were 176 children (99 males; mean age, 7.5 years) studied. Clinical visit, nasal endoscopy, and skin prick test were performed in all patients. Nasal endoscopic signs were pale turbinates, middle turbinate contact, and inferior turbinate contact. The AR diagnosis was made when nasal symptom history was concordant with sensitization.Results:AR was diagnosed in 141 children. Inferior and middle turbinate contact were reliable predictive factors for AR (odds ratio 5.38 and 3.42, respectively), whereas pale turbinates did not predict it.Conclusions:This study suggests that nasal endoscopy may reveal signs predictive for AR diagnosis in children.
Endoscopic transvestibular paramandibular exploration of the infratemporal fossa and parapharyngeal space: A minimally invasive approach to the middle cranial base
Authors: Chan Jason Y. K. , Li Ryan J. , Lim Michael , Hinojosa Alfredo Quinones , Boahene Kofi D. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:To describe a novel transvestibular endoscopic approach for the exposure, exploration, and resection of lesions in the infratemporal fossa (ITF) and parapharyngeal space (PPS).Study Design:Surgical technique and clinical feasibilty of a novel approach to the middle cranial base.Methods:The transvestibular endoscopic approach was applied to four patients with lesions involving the ITF and PPS. Through a vertical oral mucosal incision along the ascending ramus of the mandible, an optical corridor to the ITF and PPS was created and maintained with the aid of a Hardy speculum. The contents of the ITF and PPS were explored with the aid of a 0‐degree 4‐mm rigid endoscope.Results:Four patients underwent exploration of their right‐sided ITF and PPS. The approach provided exposure and access from the middle cranial base at the level of the foramen ovale to the mid‐PPS. Branches of the trigeminal nerve in the ITF were safely explored and preserved. Exposure and visualization of the internal maxillary artery and branches were achieved. Of the four patients, two underwent resection of a primary and a recurrent pleomorphic adenoma, one had chronic pain relief from a large synovial chondromatosis, and one had debulking of a recurrent mucoepidermoid carcinoma. The only complications were self‐limiting hypoesthesia of the lip in one patient and transient dysphagia in another patient.Conclusions:The transvestibular endoscopic approach to the ITF and PPS offers direct and minimally invasive access to select lesions within this region. Further use of this approach will allow us to determine its potential and limitations.
Neck mass due to pedicle ossification after oromandibular reconstruction
Authors: DeConde Adam S. , Vira Darshni , Blackwell Keith E. , Moriarty John M. , Sercarz Joel A. , Nabili Vishad 
Published: September 2011

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:To determine the radiographic incidence of heterotopic ossification and the clinical incidence of neck masses secondary to heterotopic ossification in a series of patients who underwent fibula free flap oromandibular reconstruction.Study Design:Retrospective review at a university medical center.Methods:Patient database of 520 consecutive fibula free flaps from 1995 to 2010 was reviewed to identify patients who had postoperative computed tomography (CT) scans of the neck to further investigate the radiologic presence of heterotopic ossification. Patient chart review was also performed to identify patients who had clinical evidence of neck masses consistent with heterotopic ossification.Results:Of the 66 patients who had postoperative CT scans available for radiologic assessment, 43 (65%) showed heterotopic ossification of the fibula periosteum. Clinically, 14 of 520 patients (2.6%) presented with firm, level I or II neck masses that proved to be secondary to heterotopic ossification.Conclusions:Development of a firm neck mass after treatment of head and neck cancer often indicates recurrent tumor. Heterotopic ossification has not been previously reported as a potential etiology of neck masses after fibula free flap oromandibular reconstruction in the head and neck surgery literature. The radiographic incidence of this phenomenon is high, and the clinical incidence of neck masses secondary to heterotopic ossification is low. Heterotopic ossification can be distinguished from recurrent tumor on the basis of physical examination, radiographic assessment, and/or fine‐needle aspiration biopsy. Awareness of heterotopic ossification should be included in the differential diagnosis of patients with a neck mass who have undergone fibula free flap reconstructions.
Predictors of the Feasibility of Primary Endoscopic Management of Biliary Strictures After Adult Living Donor Liver Transplantation
Authors: Lee Yun Young , Gwak Geum-Youn , Lee Kwang Hyuck , Lee Jong Kyun , Lee Kyu Taek , David Kwon Choon Hyuck , Joh Jae-Won , Lee Suk-Koo 
Published: September 2011

Abstract
Biliary strictures are a major cause of morbidity and mortality for liver transplant recipients. The endoscopic management of biliary strictures is not well established after living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) in comparison with deceased donor liver transplantation. The aims of this study were to assess the initial success rate of primary endoscopic treatment of biliary strictures after LDLT and to identify predictors of the feasibility of endoscopic management. One hundred thirty-seven adult patients who underwent LDLT and were confirmed to have biliary strictures by endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) were enrolled. The biliary strictures were primarily managed endoscopically with internal drainage or nasobiliary catheterization. The initial success rate for the primary endoscopic management of biliary strictures after LDLT was 46.7% (64 of 137 patients), and the feasibility of endoscopic management was associated with the stricture-to-ERCP interval (the interval between the development of the total bilirubin, aspartate aminotransferase, or alanine aminotransferase level to >2 times the upper limit of normal and the performance of ERCP) as well as cholangiographic findings (eg, the stricture morphology and the tip shape of the distal duct). In conclusion, when biliary strictures are noticed after LDLT, prompt endoscopic interventions may improve the initial success rate of primary endoscopic management. In addition, the feasibility of primary endoscopic management can be predicted by the cholangiographic findings, which may help with the choice of the therapeutic modality. Liver Transpl, 2011. © 2011 AASLD.
Stochastic representation for anisotropic permeability tensor random fields
Authors: Guilleminot Johann , Soize Christian , Ghanem Roger G. 
Published: September 2011

SUMMARYIn this paper, we introduce a novel stochastic model for the permeability tensor associated with stationary random porous media. In the light of recent works on mesoscale modeling of permeability, we first discuss the physical interpretation of the permeability tensor randomness. Subsequently, we propose a nonparametric prior probabilistic model for non‐Gaussian permeability tensor random fields, making use of the information theory and a maximum entropy procedure, and provide a physical interpretation of the model parameters. Finally, we demonstrate the capability of the considered class of random fields to generate higher levels of statistical fluctuations for selected stochastic principal permeabilities. This unique flexibility offered by the parameterization of the model opens up many new possibilities for both forward simulations (e.g. for uncertainty propagation in predictive simulations) and stochastic inverse problem solving. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Leader–member exchange in nonprofit sport organizations
Authors: Bang Hyejin 
Published: September 2011

AbstractNumerous human resource studies examining the relationship between leaders and followers have found that employees' high levels of leader–member exchange (LMX) are associated with higher job satisfaction and a greater intention to stay with their organizations. Considering the nature of voluntary work in nonprofit sport organizations, leader–member relations may be one of the most important factors influencing volunteer workers' commitment. This study examines the influences of LMX dimensions (Affect, Loyalty, Contribution, and Professional Respect) of volunteer leaders and followers on job satisfaction and assesses the influences of LMX dimensions and job satisfaction of volunteer leaders and followers on intention to stay with their organizations. The findings imply a strong value in positive reciprocal relationships between leaders and followers for enhancing job satisfaction and retention.
Tetralogy of Fallot: prediction of outcome in the mid‐second trimester of pregnancy
Authors: Escribano D. , Herraiz I. , Granados MA. , Arbues J. , Mendoza A. , Galindo A. 
Published: September 2011

ObjectiveTo evaluate the usefulness of fetal echocardiography in the mid‐second trimester in predicting postnatal outcome of tetralogy of Fallot (ToF), focusing on the need for early intervention (EI) and surgery type: pulmonary valve‐sparing surgery (PVSS) versus placement of transannular patch (TAP).MethodsAssessment of cardiac morphological and functional parameters in 23 live‐born fetuses with isolated ToF was performed at 19 to 22 and 34 to 38 weeks. Comparisons were made between outcome groups (EI vs non‐EI and PVSS vs TAP). EI was considered as requirement either of palliative procedure or corrective surgery before three months.ResultsOverall survival was 96%. EI was required in 32% of cases and TAP in 50%. At 19 to 22 weeks, a pulmonary valve peak systolic velocity (PVPSV) ≥87.5 cm/s predicted EI with 100% sensitivity and 93.3% specificity (p < 0.01). At 34 to 38 weeks, the size of the pulmonary valve, pulmonary valve/aortic valve and main pulmonary artery/ascending aorta were significantly different, but the PVPSV again yielded the best performance: all cases undergoing EI and/or TAP were selected using cut‐off of ≥144.5 cm/s.ConclusionThe postnatal outcome of fetuses with ToF may be established using PVPSV from the mid‐second trimester. This may be useful in providing the most appropriate perinatal management and accurate parental counselling. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Third‐generation EUCLIDES concentrator results
Authors: Vivar Marta , Antón Ignacio , Pachón Dolores , Sala Gabriel 
Published: September 2011

ABSTRACTThis paper presents salient results from the third‐generation EUCLIDES linear photovoltaic concentrator, which was developed within the framework of the IDEOCONTE European project. There were two broad objectives for this project: firstly, to review and resolve the difficulties associated with previous prototypes (the Madrid prototype and the Tenerife plant), where the lack of qualification standards and quality control were identified as significant causes of failure under real‐world operation; and secondly, to optimise and commercialise the functionally effective components. During the development period, research activities focussed on cell encapsulation, the reliability of the system components, and the monitoring of field performance across three different test sites. The third‐generation EUCLIDES concentrator system has achieved an overall efficiency of 10%, which is similar to the efficiencies of previous EUCLIDES systems. The main third‐generation improvements relate to the industrialisation and improved reliability of single element system component. The expected system cost, for an annual production of 2 MW, is €3.70/Wp. However, the maximum allowable projected system cost under the Spanish feed‐in‐tariff of 2010 is €3.00/Wp. This will be very difficult to achieve with the current system efficiency. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Distribution and frequency of VKORC1 sequence variants conferring resistance to anticoagulants inMus musculus
Authors: Pelz Hans‐Joachim , Rost Simone , Müller Elisabeth , Esther Alexandra , Ulrich Rainer G , Müller Clemens R 
Published: September 2011

AbstractBACKGROUND:Emerging resistance to anticoagulant rodenticides may significantly impair house mouse (Mus musculusL.) control. As in humans and rats, sequence variants in the gene vitamin K epoxide reductase complex subunit 1 (VKORC1) of house mice are strongly implicated in the responses of mice to anticoagulants. This study gives a first overview of the distribution and frequency of such potentially resistance‐conferring sequence variants in house mice, based on tissue samples from 30 populations in Germany, Switzerland and the Azores.RESULTS:Except for one population from south Germany, sequence variants were found in individuals from all locations sampled (29 out of 30 sites surveyed), with less than 10% of the individuals matching the wild‐type genotype. The most frequent and widespread amino acid substitutions were Leu128Ser, Tyr139Cys and a group of linked sequence changes (Arg12Trp/Ala26Ser/Ala48Thr/Arg61Leu). Where these substitutions occurred as the sole variant, the proportion of homozygous individuals was 72–83%.CONCLUSIONS:An evaluation of published data revealed that the three most frequently found sequence variants are associated with a substantial loss of rodenticide efficacy of first‐generation anticoagulants (e.g. warfarin, coumatetralyl), as well as the second‐generation compound bromadiolone and most probably also difenacoum. Knowledge of the distribution and frequency of resistance‐conferring sequence variants will stimulate their further functional characterisation and facilitate the choice of effective active substances for house mouse control. Copyright © 2011 Society of Chemical Industry
Diamond electrolyte solution gate FETs for DNA and protein sensors using DNA/RNA aptamers
Authors: Kawarada H. , Ruslinda A. R. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractFor DNA and protein detection, we have analyzed DNA/RNA immobilized biosensors based on diamond field effect transistors (FETs), where several types of atomic or molecule termination have been realized on their surfaces. Amine termination and carboxyl termination necessary for biomolecule immobilization can be formed directly on the diamond surfaces resulting in the immobilization of short DNA/RNA within 5 nm from the surface. Owing to the high areal capacitance of a liquid electric double layer capacitor and a solid channel capacitor, the change in the surface charge caused by the hybridization of DNA/RNA and the protein binding to DNA/RNA aptamers can be efficiently detected. The charge of surface termination groups such as ${\rm NH}_{{\rm 3}}^{{\rm + }} $, O−, COO− affects the suppression of nonspecific binding. The detection of biomolecules such as one‐base mismatch of DNA and proteins that is unaffected by nonspecific binding can be realized as a result.
Comparative study of bulk and interface transport in disordered fullerene films
Authors: Pivrikas Almantas , Ullah Mujeeb , Simbrunner Clemens , Sitter Helmut , Neugebauer Helmut , Sariciftci N. Serdar 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThe characterization of the charge carrier transport in disordered fullerene films, grown by physical vapor deposition, is important for organic electronics in order to improve carrier mobility and understand transport processes. In this contribution, the electron mobility in the bulk of the fullerene film and at the interface with dielectrics are compared. The bulk mobility is measured in diode structures using the Charge Extraction by Linearly Increasing Voltage (CELIV) technique, which allows a simultaneous study of the electric field, concentration and temperature dependence. The interface mobility is determined using organic field effect transistor (OFET) geometry. The electron mobility values are lower and the dependence on carrier density, field and temperature is stronger in diodes compared to OFETs. In both structures different temperature dependence of the mobility on the carrier concentration and on the electric field is obtained. The dependence shows Meyer–Neldel rule (MN‐rule) behavior with similar MN temperatures and MN energies. Activation energy for electron transport plotted as a function of the square root of electric field is linear (Gill's law behavior), in accordance with Poole–Frenkel‐type charge carrier transport.
The effect of alkaline doped catalysts on the CVD synthesis of carbon nanotubes
Authors: Nemeth Krisztian , Nemeth Zoltan , Fejes Dora , Reti Balazs , Balogh Zoltan , Hernadi Klara 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThe aim of this work was to develop new doped catalysts for chemical vapour deposition (CVD) synthesis in order to increase the quantity and quality of carbon nanotubes (CNTs). Doping compounds such as CsBr, CsCl, KBr and KCl were used to reach higher carbon deposit and carbon yield. The amount of the dopant alkali compounds varied from 1 to 5%. As prepared CNTs were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X‐ray diffraction (XRD) and Raman microscopy. Results revealed that both carbon yield and deposit could be increased over doped catalysts.
Surface structure and field emission properties of few‐layer graphene flakes
Authors: Kleshch V. I. , Vasilyeva E. A. , Lyashenko S. A. , Obronov I. V. , Tyurnina A. V. , Obraztsov A. N. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractCorrelations between field emission properties and surface structure of few‐layer graphene (FLG) flakes have been examined. Films consisting of flakes oriented perpendicularly to a flat Si substrate were obtained by the direct current plasma enhanced chemical vapour deposition method. FLG flakes had thickness of 5–10 nm and width and height of 1–3 µm. The field emission characteristics of the films were studied depending on the surface modifications produced by thermal oxidation and ion bombardment processes. It was found that thermal oxidation in the air at temperatures near 650 °C produced a big amount of 100 nm through‐hole defects in the lateral sides of the flakes. Nevertheless, the field emission properties after oxidation had not changed. At the same time, electron emission in the harsh ion bombardment conditions led to the strong degradation of the field emission properties. However, no considerable changes in the morphology and composition of the films were revealed. Using structural analysis of the FLG flakes performed by transmission and scanning electron microscopy and Raman technique, the possible mechanisms responsible for the observed field emission changes are discussed.
Effect of glutaraldehyde fixation on bacterial cells observed by atomic force microscopy
Authors: Liu Bao You , Zhang Guang Min , Li Xue Ling , Chen Heng 
Published: September 2011

AbstractAtomic force microscopy (AFM) is a promising microscopy technique that can provide high‐resolution images of bacterial cells without fixation. Three species of bacteria, Xanthomonas campestris, Pseudomonas syringae, and Bacillus subtilis, were used in this study. AFM images were obtained from unfixed and glutaraldehyde‐fixed cells, and cell height was measured. The mean height of bacterial cells prepared by fixation was higher than that of those prepared by nonfixation. However, the height changes were different between Gram‐negative and Gram‐positive bacteria: the mean height of two fixed Gram‐negative bacteria, X. campestris and P. syringae, increased by 112.31 and 84.08%, respectively, whereas Gram‐positive bacterium, B. subtilis, increased only by 38.79%. The results above indicated that glutaraldehyde fixation could affect the measured height of cells imaged by AFM; further more, the effect of glutaraldehyde fixation on the measured height of Gram‐negative bacterial cells imaged by AFM seemed much more than on that of Gram‐positive bacterial cells. SCANNING 34: 6–11, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.