bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mining of protein contact maps for protein fold prediction
Authors: Bhavani S Durga , K Suvarnavani , Sinha Somdatta 
Published: May 2011

AbstractThe three‐dimensional structure of proteins is useful to carry out the biophysical and biochemical functions in a cell. Approaches to protein structure/fold prediction typically extract amino acid sequence features, and machine learning approaches are then applied to classification problem. Protein contact maps are two‐dimensional representations of the contacts among the amino acid residues in the folded protein structure. This paper highlights the need for a systematic study of these contact networks. Mining of contact maps to derive features pertaining to fold information offers a new mechanism for fold discovery from the protein sequence via the contact maps. These ideas are explored in the structural class of all‐alpha proteins to identify structural elements. A simple and computationally inexpensive algorithm based on triangle subdivision method is proposed to extract additional features from the contact map. The method successfully characterizes the off‐diagonal interactions in the contact map for predicting specific ‘folds’. The decision tree classification results show great promise in developing a new and simple tool for the challenging problem of fold prediction. © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. WIREs Data Mining Knowl Discov 2011 1 362–368 DOI: 10.1002/widm.35This article is categorized under:

Algorithmic Development > Biological Data Mining
Technologies > Classification
Technologies > Machine Learning
Oligosaccharyltransferase: the central enzyme of N‐linked protein glycosylation
Authors: Mohorko Elisabeth , Glockshuber Rudi , Aebi Markus 
Published: May 2011

AbtractN‐linked glycosylation is one of the most abundant modifications of proteins in eukaryotic organisms. In the central reaction of the pathway, oligosaccharyltransferase (OST), a multimeric complex located at the membrane of the endoplasmic reticulum, transfers a preassembled oligosaccharide to selected asparagine residues within the consensus sequence asparagine‐X‐serine/threonine. Due to the high substrate specificity of OST, alterations in the biosynthesis of the oligosaccharide substrate result in the hypoglycosylation of many different proteins and a multitude of symptoms observed in the family of congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDG) type I. This review covers our knowledge of human OST and describes enzyme composition. The Stt3 subunit of OST harbors the catalytic center of the enzyme, but the function of the other, highly conserved, subunits are less well defined. Some components seem to be involved in the recognition and utilization of glycosylation sites in specific glycoproteins. Indeed, mutations in the subunit paralogs N33/Tusc3 and IAP do not yield the pleiotropic phenotypes typical for CDG type I but specifically result in nonsyndromic mental retardation, suggesting that the oxidoreductase activity of these subunits is required for glycosylation of a subset of proteins essential for brain development.
Dietary n‐3 Fatty Acids Significantly Suppress Lipogenesis in Bovine Muscle and Adipose Tissue: A Functional Genomics Approach
Authors: Hiller Beate , Herdmann Andrea , Nuernberg Karin 
Published: May 2011

AbstractChanges in fatty acid composition of longissimus muscle and subcutaneous adipose tissue of German Holstein bulls induced by a grass‐silage/n‐3 fatty acid based intervention diet versus a maize‐silage/n‐6 fatty acid based control diet were analyzed and related to shifts in lipogenic gene expression, protein expression, and enzyme activity patterns. Significantly higher amounts of n‐3 fatty acids and by mean factors of 2.2–2.5 decreased n‐6/n‐3 fatty acid ratios in both tissues were obtained upon n‐3 fatty acid intervention. In longissimus muscle, these changes of fatty acid profiles were associated with reduced SREBP1c (p = 0.02), ACC (p = 0.00), FAS (p = 0.10) and SCD (p = 0.03) gene expression, Δ6D (p = 0.03) and SCD (p = 0.03) protein expression as well as SCD enzyme activity (p = 0.03). In subcutaneous adipose tissue, significantly reduced ACC (p = 0.00) and FAS (p = 0.01) gene expression, SCD protein expression (p = 0.02) and SCD enzyme activity (p = 0.03) were detected upon n‐3 fatty acid intervention, although lower degrees of correlation between gene and corresponding gene products were obtained in relation to longissimus muscle. The study elucidates tissue‐specific functional genomic responses to dietary fatty acid manipulation in regard to fatty acid profile tailoring of animal tissues.
Children's response to sales promotions and their impact on purchase behavior
Authors: Boland Wendy Attaya , Connell Paul M. , Erickson Lance‐Michael 
Published: May 2011

AbstractDespite the growth in children's purchasing power, surprisingly little is known about how children respond to sales promotions. We conduct two experiments to address this issue. Study 1 shows that elementary‐aged (second and fifth grade) children's purchase decisions are influenced by the presence of sales. Study 2 demonstrates that both age groups favor conceptually easier promotions, even when the sale is inferior. Additionally, we find that children have difficulty applying mathematical concepts to sales promotions, regardless of classroom mastery of the associated operations. Together, these results indicate that elementary‐aged children routinely incorporate sales into purchase decisions, sometimes with suboptimal results.
The organic matter of the recent sediments of Lake Beloe, West Siberia (from data of pyrolytic studies)
Authors: Melenevskii V.N. , Leonova G.A. , Konyshev A.S. 
Published: May 2011

Abstract
Study of the Holocene sediments of Lake Beloe (West Siberia) in the depth range 0–137 cm gave an insight into the transformation of organic matter (OM) at the early stages of diagenesis. Analysis of OM was performed by pyrolytic methods (Rock Eval and pyrolysis + chromato-mass spectrometry). It showed that the macromolecular aliphatic structure of the kerogen and the precursors of sterane and hopane geomoleculessterenes and hopenesform at the early stages of diagenesis. We suggest that macrophytes and bacteria are the main sources of OM for the lacustrine sediments.
The geologic features of mineralization at the Dongsheng uranium deposit in the northern Ordos Basin (Central China)
Authors: Rongxi Li , Youzhu Li 
Published: May 2011

Abstract
The Dongsheng uranium deposit, localized in the northern Ordos Basin in northern Central China, is among the largest deposits of this type in China. It occurs in the sandstones of the Middle Jurassic Zhiluo Formation. The crystalline rocks of the Yinshan and Daqingshan orogenic belts in the northern Ordos Basin are the source of uranium for the deposit. The Dongsheng deposit shows the main characteristics of a sandstone uranium deposit of interstratal oxidation zone, including specific hydrothermal rock alteration. It displays distinct lithologic and mineral zoning. The sandstones of the oxidation zone are variegated and oxidized, and the sandstones of the reduction zone are gray and light gray medium- to coarse-grained and underwent albitization, carbonatization, chloritization, epidotization, pyritization, etc. Ore-bearing sandstones occur in the transitional oxidation-reduction zone, being confined mainly to the reduction zone. Uranium minerals are predominant high-temperature coffinite and subordinate brannerite and uraninite. The homogenization temperature of fluid inclusion in the sandstone cement is 150–160 °C. The performed geological analysis suggests that the hydrothermal alteration of the uranium deposit is intimately related to the synchronous Mesozoic regional magmatic events in the Ordos Basin.
Platinum mineralization of the Svetloborsky and Kamenushinsky massifs (Urals Platinum Belt)
Authors: Tolstykh N.D. , Telegin Yu.M. , Kozlov A.P. 
Published: May 2011

Abstract
Platinum mineralization has been studied within two zoned clinopyroxenitedunite massifs of the Urals Platinum Belt. Within the Svetloborsky massif, platinum group minerals (PGM) occur directly in serpentinized dunite. The ore-forming system demonstrates the features of an early evolutionary stage: a significant portion of PtFe alloys belongs to ferroan platinum; native osmium is depleted in Ir; an isoferroplatinumosmium paragenesis is present. Within the Kamenushinsky massif, PGM are genetically related to chromitite and belong to the late-magmatic stage of the ore-forming system evolution: osmium and isoferroplatinum are rich in Ir; both isoferroplatinumosmium and isoferroplatinumiridium magmatic parageneses are present. The elevated Pt in the dunite of the Svetloborsky massif and in the chromitite of the Kamenushinsky massif is the result of two events: the primary-magmatic crystallization of PGM and later hydrothermal overprint.
The King of the Batavians: Remarks onTab. Vindol. III, 628
Authors: Cuff David B. 
Published: May 2011

AbstractTab.Vindol.III, 628 is a letter of an auxiliary decurion ofcohors VIIII Batavorumthat begins with the greeting‘Masclus Ceriali regi suo’. A.R. Birley tentatively suggested that the title held a literal force, while Bowman and Thomas interpreted the word as meaning ‘patron’ on the basis ofOLDs.v. 8 and a parallel withP. Mich.8.472 =CEL147, a letter, also from a military context, from‘Claudius Tiberianus Longino Prisco domin[o] et regi suo’. This article examines the Batavian and military contexts of these interpretations alongside other epigraphic examples ofrexas ‘patron’.
Mapping a Research Agenda for Home Care Safety: Perspectives from Researchers, Providers, and Decision Makers
Authors: Macdonald Marilyn , Lang Ariella , MacDonald Jo-Anne 
Published: May 2011

RÉSUMÉLe but de cette conception qualitative et interprétative était d’examiner les perspectives des chercheurs, des pourvoyeurs de soins de santé et et des décideurs aux sujets des risques principaux, des préoccupations et des problèmes émergents rattachées à la sécurité de soins à domicile qui informerait une ligne d’enquête de recherche. La sécurité, tel qu’elle s’applique spécifiquement à ce context des soins à domicile, n’a pas encore été définie. Par conséquent, afin de profiter de diverses parties prenantes sur les questions de securité relatives aux soins à domicile est nécessaire afin d’informer les orientations stratégiques pour la recherche future. Afin de commencer à tracer un programme de recherche, une analyse en trois parties de l’environnement a été realisée: (a) une étude pilote avec les bénéficiaires et les fournisseurs de soins à domicile; (b) des entretiens avec des informateurs clés, les chercheurs, les fournisseurs de soins de santé, et les décideurs; et (c) une revue de la littérature dans trois domaines thématiques. Seulement les résultats des entrevues des informateurs clés sont présentés ici.
À mots couverts: le regard des aînés et des soignants sur la communication quotidienne et ses manifestations d’âgisme implicite
Authors: Lagacé Martine , Medouar Fouad , Loock Joséphine , Davignon André 
Published: May 2011

ABSTRACTThe aim of this exploratory study was to better understand interpersonal communication between frail elders and caregivers in the context of long-term care giving. In addition, in light of the Communication Accommodation Theory, the goal was to determine the extent to which communication can be a transmitter of ageism, particularly of implicit ageism. A total of 26 semi-structured interviews were conducted among elders and caregivers of a Quebec long-term care facility. Results suggest a close convergence between the perception of seniors and caregivers in regards to a quasi total absence of daily communication and moreover, in regards to the highly instrumental nature of this same communication. Finally, results of the content analysis also suggest that implicit ageism is indeed reflected in interpersonal communication between frail elders and caregivers.
Becoming Old as a ‘Pharmaceutical Person’: Negotiation of Health and Medicines among Ethnoculturally Diverse Older Adults
Authors: Ballantyne Peri J. , Mirza Raza M. , Austin Zubin , Boon Heather S. , Fisher Judith E. 
Published: May 2011

RÉSUMÉParce que la prescription et l’utilisation des médicaments sont devenus un aspect normatif des soins de santé pour les personnes âgées, nous cherchons à comprendre comment les individus gérer l’utilisation des médicaments d’ordonnance dans le contexte du vieillissement. Nous soutenons que, pour ceux qui sont ambulatoires, l’utilisation de médicaments est susceptible d’être influencée par des considérations ethno-culturelles en matière de la santé et des expériences avec d’autres approches aux soins de santé. En conséquence, nous avons méné une étude qualitative, avec des entrevues en profondeur, sur un échantillon diversifié de personnes âgées afin d’identifier leurs perceptions et utilisations de médicaments. Nos conclusions dépeignent les personne âgées comme des agents actifs – qui s’appuient sur une vie d’expérience et de connaissances – qui prennent la responsabilité de l’adhésion (our non-adhésion) aux médicaments et leurs effets liés sur leur propre corps. Nous représentons la personne âgée comme une « personne pharmaceutique » dont les expériences du vieillissement sont inextricablement liée à la négociation des soins de santé dépendent sur les médicaments.
(A1) The May 12, 2008 Wenchuan Earthquake: A Primer on China's Emergency Responses and Recovery Planning
Authors: Svirchev L. , Li Y. , Yan L. , He C. , Lin M.B. 
Published: May 2011

BackgroundThis presentation summarizes our ongoing hybrid sociological-geological field research into the May 12, 2008 Wenchuan earthquake. In this extreme geo-disaster, mortality was 69,226, with 274,643 injuries, and 17,923 missing. The human toll was accompanied by significant destruction of the natural environment and the economy, estimated at US$ 176 billion. A 300 km long surface rupture occurred in the Longmen Mountains along its margin with the Sichuan Basin.DiscussionThis disaster was caused by the relationships among (1) towns built in on or in proximity to fault lines, (2) the low earthquake-resistance of residences, schools and hospitals, and other buildings, and (3) the concentration of population distributed along rivers lying below steep-sloped mountains. Mortality and devastation were compounded by post-earthquake landslides. The Chinese central government started a national-level response within 2 hours, upgrading it to the highest national emergency level within 10 hours. Most lives were saved by local people. Military rescue units were activated within minutes of the earthquake, and regional militia, local and provincial units such as the Sichuan Seismological Bureau self-activated immediately. By day-two, 20,000 rescue and engineering soldiers had been deployed. Over 15 large medical treatment, epidemic prevention, and psychological intervention teams responded and more than 10 million volunteers took part in relief activities. In spite of mobilization of the nation's resources, emergency relief was frustrated by formidable obstacles such as cloud cover, a destroyed ground transportation network, loss of communication, and continued geo-hazards in the form of landslide-dammed rivers which threatened large downstream urban centers. Expert national planning for recovery began five days post-earthquake; the plan was promulgated by national law in September, 2008. By the second anniversary of the Wenchuan earthquake, most school and residential construction was completed in earthquake-resistant areas.
(A15) Trauma Signature Analysis: Evidence-Based Guidance for Disaster Mental Health Response
Authors: Shultz J.M. , Neria Y. , Espinel Z. , Kelly F. 
Published: May 2011

IntroductionThe first decade of the 2000s has advanced the field of mental health and psychosocial support (MHPSS) in disasters by providing expert consensus guidance. Nevertheless, MHPSS response to major disasters is frequently uncoordinated and rarely based on scientific evidence. Moreover, MHPSS response is not customized to the unique constellation of stressors and psychological risk factors that distinguish each disaster event. To address this lack of science and specificity, we have developed trauma signature (TSIG) analysis.MethodsTSIG analysis consists of the following steps. Risk factors for disaster-related psychological distress and psychopathology (e.g., PTSD, depression) are continuously documented, updated, and refined. When disaster strikes, situation reports (sitreps) are issued in the early aftermath. We examine initial sitreps to determine the presence and intensity of evidence-based risk factors, subsumed under the headings of exposure to hazards, loss, and change. We estimate the size of the affected population. We rapidly create an initial TSIG and translate findings into actionable guidance regarding probable MHPSS needs for services and personnel.ResultsWe have constructed TSIGs for prominent 2010 disasters: Haiti earthquake, Deepwater Horizon oil spill, and Pakistan monsoonal flooding. Psychological risk factor profiles contrast sharply across these three salient events. Regarding exposure to hazards, numbers of persons experiencing physical injury and perceiving threat to life are highly divergent. Losses differ dramatically when quantified in terms of deaths, numbers bereaved, homes and livelihoods lost, and economic toll. The degree of lifestyle and societal change, including displacement, lack of survival needs, lack of security, and interpersonal violence, also differentiates the psychological impact of these disparate events.ConclusionTSIG analysis can be used to provide rapid post-impact/pre-deployment MHPSS response guidance based on risk factor assessment. Using TSIG analysis, MHPSS response can be tailored and timed to the defining features of the disaster event.
(A22) Impact of Karachi Terrorist Bombing on an Emergency Department of a Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Waseem H. , Shahbaz S. , Razzak J. 
Published: May 2011

ObjectivesThe objective of this study was to collect epidemiological injury data on patients presenting to the emergency department of a tertiary care hospital after the bombing on 29 December 2009.MethodsThis was a retrospective review of the medical records of the victims that were brought to a tertiary care hospital. Bombing victims were described as requiring acute care due to the direct effect of the bombing.ResultsThe results are derived from a sample size of 198 bomb blast victims, most of which were first transported to government hospitals by private cars rather than ambulances. After the government announced free treatment, there was a wave of patients, among which, most were stable and already had received some form of treatment. Approximately 5–6 patients who had life-threatening injuries were brought directly to the tertiary care facility and needed surgical intervention. The lack of security in the emergency department could have lead to another terrorist activity. There were no procedures done in the field as there is lack of emergency medical services training in Pakistan, but in the hospital most of the interventions included intravenous (IV) lines, wound care, and laceration repair. The most common treatments included the administration of IV fluids, antibiotics, and analgesia. Radiographs of specific sites and trauma series were used to rule out bone injuries. There was lack of documentation in most of the medical charts.ConclusionsThe emergency department was overwhelmed with the number of patients that it received. Therefore, an updated disaster plan and regular disaster drills are required. Rapid and accurate triage could minimize mortality among bombing survivors significantly. The majority of patients were discharged home.
(A24) An Disaster Education Framework to Bridge Natural Disaster Medical Response and Primary Care Development in Developing Countries
Authors: Chan E.Y.Y. , Wong S.Y. , Griffiths S.M. , Graham C.A. 
Published: May 2011

IntroductionNatural disasters cannot be prevented but their human impact can be mitigated. Effective medical and public health mitigation and responses require multidisciplinary efforts and appropriate training. Whilst Asia is currently ranked as the most natural disaster prone area globally, limited disaster medical and public health response training opportunities are available in the region. Our paper reports efforts to identify the training gaps and ways to fill them to prepare frontline practitioners and academic researchers in disaster and medical humanitarian emergency relief efforts in Asia.MethodsGrounded on the disciplinary principles of academic training in public health, emergency & disaster medicine and primary care, our paper reviews the current disaster related academic training offered in these disciplines and maps out the training and knowledge gaps in disaster mitigation and response for frontline practitioners and academic researchers. We suggest ways to fill such gaps.ResultsA two-dimensional (clinical versus non-clinical), three-tier education training framework (Entrant level, Continuous medical education needs and Expertise level) is developed. Experiences and key training needs in Asia are highlighted.ConclusionThe proposed framework identifies areas for comprehensive training for medical and public health practitioners who are interested to engage in medical disaster relief. The proposed framework also aims to strengthen mitigation and response capacities in health systems.
(A32) Emergency Preparedness in Louisiana Nursing Programs – Response Roles, Impacts, and Competencies
Authors: Andress K. 
Published: May 2011

IntroductionNurses are leaders and primary health responder/providers in natural, anthropic and technological disasters. Preparation and education for nursing emergency and disaster response should begin before nursing program graduation and before disaster events occur. In Louisiana, 17 federally-declared disaster declarations were experienced from 2000 – 2009, ranging from the Space Shuttle “Columbia” to Hurricane “Katrina”. This presentation overviews Louisiana nursing programs' disaster preparedness and operational planning as demonstrated to Louisiana's Schools of Nursing Aligned for Emergency Responsiveness (SAFER) Conference, New Orleans, 2010. Co-sponsored by Dillard University, Division of Nursing, New Orleans, and Northwestern State University, College of Nursing, Shreveport, the invitational conference brought expert nurse and physician preparedness speakers from federal, state and local venues to review disaster planning, experiences, needs, and nurse preparedness competencies with nurse faculty leadership.MethodsA multiple choice survey was developed, trialed and emailed to 42 Louisiana Nursing Programs. Programs surveyed included Associate degree, Bachelors and Graduate-level providers for Registered Nurses as well as Vocational Technical programs for the Licensed Practical Nurse. National Planning Scenario threat priorities; impacts of federally declared disasters on Louisiana nursing programs; nursing program roles in disaster; and awareness of nurse emergency preparedness competencies were queried.Results34 of 42 surveys were returned. 20 were complete. Nursing programs were located state-wide and found in 7 of 9 Louisiana regions. Surveyed programs offered a Bachelors degree (45%); Graduate degree (35%); Associate degree (35%) and vocational or Licensed Practical Nursing (35%).ConclusionsThe majority of Louisiana nursing programs and their health communities have been impacted by federally declared disasters. Coordinated efforts to improve nursing program preparedness education, roles and responsibility are warranted as vulnerability increases.