bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigating the association between work family conflict (WFC) and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) in an Australian community-based cohort study
Authors: Wang Tianying , Butterworth Peter , Cooklin Amanda , Strazdins Lyndall , Leach Liana 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Purpose
Difficulties managing work and family demands are common and have been found to be associated with stress and poor mental health. However, very few studies have examined Work Family Conflict (WFC) in connection with diagnosable anxiety disorders (and none with Australian representative data). The current study investigated whether high WFC was significantly associated with a diagnosis of Generalised Anxiety Disorder (GAD) after controlling for a broad range of socio-demographic contextual factors, related psychosocial job, family and individual characteristics, and prior anxiety symptom history.

Methods
Data was analysed from an Australian population-based community cohort - the Personality and Total Health (PATH) Through Life project. Eligible participants (N = 1159) were employed full-time or part-time, with data collected by both online questionnaire and face-to-face interview. Presence of Generalised Anxiety Disorder (GAD) in the past 12-months was diagnosed by the GAD module in the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI) (based on DSM-IV criteria) and severe anxiety symptoms were measured using the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ) 7-item ‘other anxiety’ model.

Results
The findings consistently showed that those experiencing high WFC had higher odds of a GAD diagnosis (final adjusted model: CIDI: OR: 2.55, CI: 1.38–4.70) as well as clinical levels of anxiety symptoms (PHQ: OR:2.61, CI:1.44,4.72). This was the case after controlling for an extensive range of covariates.

Conclusions
This is one of the first studies to show that WFC is associated with greater likelihood of GAD. The challenge of juggling both work and family can have far-reaching impacts - not just increasing distress broadly, but also potentially increasing the likelihood of clinically diagnosable anxiety.
Suffering and prejudice: do negative emotions predict immigration concerns?
Authors: Deole Sumit S. , Huang Yue 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis paper examines the role of individuals’ emotions in determining their concerns about international migration. For the empirical analysis, we exploit little-explored information in the German Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP) data on individuals’ negative emotions, e.g., anger, fear, and sadness. We find that the frequency of experiencing negative emotions is positively associated with immigration concerns. Moreover, we show that the relationship varies across employment status, birth cohort, and social media usage. Our analysis also underscores the real-life consequence of emotions by demonstrating their positive association with support for far-right political parties among males, but not among females. Finally, we exploit the exogenous variation in negative emotions induced by the death of a parent to infer causality. Fixed effects regressions with instrumental variables exhibit a positive impact of negative emotions on immigration concerns among females, but no significant effects are found among males. Further investigation into channels driving these gender differences in results underscores gender differences in roles played by other concerns that often carry over to determine individuals’ immigration concerns, e.g., concerns about international terrorism.
Enhanced antimicrobial efficacy and energy efficiency of low irradiance 405-nm light for bacterial decontamination
Authors: Sinclair Lucy G. , Anderson John G. , MacGregor Scott J. , Maclean Michelle 
Published: May 2024

AbstractDue to its increased safety over ultraviolet light, there is interest in the development of antimicrobial violet-blue light technologies for infection control applications. To ensure compatibility with exposed materials and tissue, the light irradiances and dose regimes used must be suitable for the target application. This study investigates the antimicrobial dose responses and germicidal efficiency of 405 nm violet-blue light when applied at a range of irradiance levels, for inactivation of surface-seeded and suspended bacteria. Bacteria were seeded onto agar surfaces (101–108 CFUplate−1) or suspended in PBS (103–109 CFUmL−1) and exposed to increasing doses of 405-nm light (≤ 288 Jcm−2) using various irradiances (0.5–150 mWcm−2), with susceptibility at equivalent light doses compared. Bacterial reductions ≥ 96% were demonstrated in all cases for lower irradiance (≤ 5 mWcm−2) exposures. Comparisons indicated, on a per unit dose basis, that significantly lower doses were required for significant reductions of all species when exposed at lower irradiances: 3–30 Jcm−2/0.5 mWcm−2 compared to 9–75 Jcm−2/50 mWcm−2 for low cell density (102 CFUplate−1) surface exposures and 22.5 Jcm−2/5 mWcm−2 compared to 67.5 Jcm−2/150 mWcm−2 for low density (103 CFUmL−1) liquid exposures (P ≤ 0.05). Similar patterns were observed at higher densities, excluding S. aureus exposed at 109 CFUmL−1, suggesting bacterial density at predictable levels has minimal influence on decontamination efficacy. This study provides fundamental evidence of the greater energy efficacy of 405-nm light for inactivation of clinically-significant pathogens when lower irradiances are employed, further supporting its relevance for practical decontamination applications.
Glutathione conjugation of sesquimustard: in vitro investigation of potential biomarkers
Authors: Cenk Muharrem , Bekiroğlu Ataş Havva , Sabuncuoğlu Suna 
Published: May 2024

AbstractSesquimustard (Q) is a powerful blistering agent that contains additional sulfur atoms. Sulfur mustard causes covalent bonding by alkylating nucleophilic groups of biologically important macromolecules such as lipids, proteins, DNA, or RNA. Most cells maintain relatively high amounts of a unique tripeptide called glutathione (GSH) (γ-glutamyl-cysteinyl glycine), which possesses a free thiol group, to prevent unwanted reactions caused by reactive chemical entities. Moreover, these thiol groups on cysteines (Cys) are the main target for alkylation. Although Q is the most potent vesicant among sulfur mustards, research studies identifying biomarkers of Q are very limited. Therefore, here in this study, we aimed to identify the GSH and Cys conjugates of Q using mass spectrometric methods and to observe the formation of these conjugates in HaCat cell culture following exposure to different doses. We identified four different conjugates of Q, which are bis-glutathionyl ethylthioethylthioethyl conjugate (GSH-ETETE-GSH), hydroxyethylthioethylthioethyl glutathione conjugate (HETETE-GSH), bis-cysteinyl ethylthioethylthioethyl conjugate (Cys-ETETE-Cys), and hydroxyethylthioethylthioethyl cysteine conjugate (HETETE-Cys). The identity of the conjugates was elucidated using liquid chromatography–high-resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS). We also investigated changes in conjugate formation with exposure concentration and time elapsed after exposure in the cell culture. After exposure, GSH conjugates decreased until 1st hour, while Cys conjugates increased until 6th hour. We also observed that conjugate formation depended on the concentration of Q. This is the first study to elucidate the conjugates of Q dependent on GSH conjugation. As biomarkers are essential tools for evaluating exposure to Q, this study contributes to the limited number of studies identifying biomarkers for Q.
Schur–Weyl dualities for the rook monoid: an approach via Schur algebras
Authors: M. André Carlos A. , Legatheaux Martins Inês 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe rook monoid, also known as the symmetric inverse monoid, is the archetypal structure when it comes to extend the principle of symmetry. In this paper, we establish a Schur–Weyl duality between this monoid and an extension of the classical Schur algebra, which we name the extended Schur algebra. We also explain how this relates to Solomon’s Schur–Weyl duality between the rook monoid and the general linear group and mention some advantages of our approach.
Exploring the impact of digital health literacy on quality of life in patients undergoing retrograde intrarenal surgery for kidney stone treatment: a prospective, single-center study
Authors: Keles Ahmet , Arikan Ozgur , Hamid-zada İlkin , Somun Umit Furkan , Baydili Kursad Nuri , Yildirim Asif 
Published: May 2024

AbstractRetrograde intrarenal surgery (RIRS) is the recommended treatment for renal stones up to two cm in size. As digital health literacy (e-HL) has become increasingly important in promoting informed health decisions and healthy behaviors, it is necessary to investigate its impact on RIRS treatment outcomes. We aimed to explore the influence of patients’ e-HL level on their postoperative quality of life (QoL). We conducted an observational prospective study of 111 patients who underwent RIRS for renal pelvis stones. Before RIRS, we evaluated patients’ e-HL using the electronic health literacy scale (eHEALS). QoL was evaluated using the five-level EuroQol five-dimensional questionnaire (EQ-5D-5L) one month after RIRS. SFR was determined by a negative CT scan or asymptomatic patients with stone fragments < 3 mm. Adult individuals aged 18 years or older with typical calyceal anatomy met the eligibility criteria for enrollment. Exclusion criteria for the study included patients with ureteric stones, anomalous kidneys, or bilateral renal stones. The relationship between patients’ QoL and stone-free rate was explored using Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient. The mean stone burden was 14 ± 3 mm (6–19 mm). The overall SFR was 83.3% after one month. The median EQ-5D-5L utility index and VAS score were 0.826 (0.41–1) and 70 (20–100) respectively, for the overall population. We found that poorer e-HL was associated with being older (p = 0.035), having less education (p = 0.005), and not having access to the internet (p < 0.001). A significant difference was observed between patients with sufficient e-HL and patients with limited e-HL in the self-care (p = 0.02) and anxiety/depression (p = 0.021) dimensions. To date, no study has examined the impact of patients’ e-HL levels on postoperative QoL in patients undergoing RIRS. This study also revealed that e-HL levels in patients undergoing RIRS were related to postoperative QoL, especially self-care and anxiety/depression dimensions, whereas there was no relationship between them and SFR.
Dynamic changes in evapotranspiration, canopy photosynthesis and expansive growth in open field under rapid fluctuating radiation
Authors: Hsiao Theodore C. , Xu Liu-Kang , Steduto Pasquale 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIn open fields, plants experience dynamic changes in environment, particularly radiation, temperature, wind, and humidity but their short-term responses have not been adequately characterized under natural conditions. In this study, we assessed causal effects of rapid radiation fluctuation on seven plant parameters in open fields of cotton and sweet corn canopies. The parameters are evapotranspiration (ET), canopy photosynthesis indicated by CO2 flux from air to canopy (FCO2), sensible heat energy flux (H), canopy conductance for water vapor (gcw), canopy surface temperature (Ts), shoot and leaf elongation rate, and stem diameter change. The energy and CO2 fluxes were measured with Bowen ratio/energy balance/CO2 gradient (BREB+) technique, using averaging time of 5 min. Shoot + leaf elongation and stem diameter change were monitored with position transducers using averaging time of 1 min. All parameters were all found to respond to change in radiation and transpiration within minutes or sooner. While radiation effects on canopy gas exchanges are expected, illuminating are the indirect but immediate effects on shoot + leaf growth and stem diameter change through radiation effects on transpiration and plant water status. A novel finding is that gcw also responded within minutes or sooner to radiation fluctuations and that FCO2 was related almost linearly to gcw. Results are discussed in terms of soil-plant-atmosphere continuum, and interpreted in terms of dynamic interactions between transpiration and plant water status. The clear inverse relationship between ET and elongation rate or stem diameter changes provides additional evidence supporting the validity of 5-min averaging for the BREB + technique.
A non-spherical nanoparticles system for the delivery of peptides using polymer grafted nanocellulose
Authors: Khine YeeYee , Li Yimeng , Ge Wei , Stenzel Martina H. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractPeptide drugs are increasingly used to treat a variety of diseases ranging from cancer, and infections to cardiovascular diseases. However, peptides can suffer from low stability in the bloodstream. Entrapment of peptides into nano-sized carriers of various types has widely been explored, but all of them have spherical shapes. Nanocellulose can in contrast serve as a non-spherical nanoparticle with a high aspect ratio. After the isolation of nanocellulose by TEMPO-mediated oxidation, the material needs to be modified with polymers to generate nanoparticles with high water-solubility that can also favourably interact with peptide drugs. We have here chosen insulin as the model drug, which can strongly interact with cationic polymers. As it is known that cationic polymer may retain charged drugs too tightly, we have selected poly(2-(dimethylamino)ethyl acrylate) PDMAEA as a degradable polymer that undergoes self-hydrolysis to poly(acrylic acid) in water. This polymer was compared to poly(N-(3-(dimethylamino)propyl) acrylamide) PDMAPAA, which is a stable cationic polymer. The cationic polymer was co-grafted with poly(2-hydroxyethyl acrylate) PHEA as a water-soluble neutral polymer using the three-component Passerini reaction. A combination of fluorescence and UV-Vis techniques were used to quantify the amount of polymer that was conjugated to the surface. The polymer-coated nanocellulose was labelled with the fluorescent cyanine dye Cy5 while insulin was labelled with Cy3 creating a FRET system that allows monitoring of the interaction between insulin and polymer in cell growth media. We observed that despite the self-hydrolysis of PDMAEA into a negatively charged polymer, the negatively charged insulin was not released in buffer solution according to the FRET studies. Only the addition of serum-supplemented cell growth media led to insulin release. The limited release was explained with the fact that insulin, as well as other peptides, have a mixture of negative and positive charges, with the pH value and the isoelectric point determining the balance between both. Negative-charged polymers can therefore still interact favourably with negatively charged peptides by interacting with cationic amino acids.
Graphical Abstract
Duration of labor in consecutive deliveries: a retrospective data analysis
Authors: Kreienbühl Jessica , Rüegg Ladina , Balsyte Dalia , Vonzun Ladina , Ochsenbein-Kölble Nicole 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Labor is shorter in multiparous women. However, there are no individualized data on differences in duration of labor for consecutive deliveries in the same parturient.

Methods
We conducted a retrospective data analysis from 2004 to 2021 at the University Hospital of Zurich and included all women with 2 or more vaginal deliveries of a singleton child in cephalic position, between 22 and 42 weeks of gestation. Descriptive statistics were performed with SPSS version 25.0 (IBM, SPSS Inc., USA). The primary endpoint was the ratio between durations of labor stages in consecutive deliveries of the same parturient.

Results
A total of 3344 women with 7066 births (2601 first [P0], 2987 s [P1], 1176 third [P2], and 302 fourth [P3]) were included. The ratio of duration of the active first stage of labor between P1 and P0 was 0.49 (95% CI 0.47–0.51, p < 0.001) meaning that the active first stage of labor was 51% shorter. The second stage of labor with a ratio of 0.26 (95% CI 0.24–0.27, p < 0.001) was 74% shorter in P1 compared to P0. Higher birthweight of the first child led to an even greater decrease in duration of the second stage of labor in P1 compared to P0 (p = 0.003). Neuraxial anesthesia was an independent risk factor for a longer duration of labor, irrespective of parity (p < 0.001). Birthweight and HC of the neonates did not significantly differ between the children born by the same women. However, higher birthweight in of the first child significantly augmented the rate of second stage of labor between P0 and P1 (p = 0.003).

Discussion
Up to the third delivery, duration of labor decreased with each consecutive delivery of the same parturient. An individualized assessment of the expected duration of labor in multiparous women should be encouraged.
Telehealth cognitive behaviour therapy for the management of sleep disturbance in women with early breast cancer receiving chemotherapy: a feasibility study
Authors: Carson Emma-Kate , Dhillon Haryana M. , Vardy Janette L. , Brown Chris , Nunes-Zlotkowski Kelly Ferrao , Della-Fiorentina Stephen , Khan Sarah , Parsonson Andrew , Roncoloato Felicia , Pearson Antonia , Barnes Tristan , Kiely Belinda E. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Sleep quality commonly deteriorates in people receiving chemotherapy for breast cancer (BC). We aimed to determine feasibility and acceptability of telehealth-delivered cognitive behaviour therapy for insomnia (CBT-I) in people with early BC receiving (neo)adjuvant chemotherapy.

Methods
Multi-centre, single arm, phase 2 feasibility trial. People with stage I-III BC received 4 sessions of telehealth CBT-I over 8 weeks, during chemotherapy. Participants completed Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and other Patient Reported Outcome Measures (PROMs) at baseline, post-program (week 9) and post-chemotherapy (week 24); and an Acceptability Questionnaire at week 9. Primary endpoint was proportion completing 4 sessions of telehealth CBT-I.

Results
In total, 41 participants were recruited: mean age 51 years (range 31–73). All 4 CBT-I sessions were completed by 35 (85%) participants. Acceptability of the program was high and 71% reported ‘the program was useful’. There was no significant difference in the number of poor sleepers (PSQI score ≥ 5) at baseline 29/40 (73%) and week 24 17/25 (68%); or in the mean PSQI score at baseline (7.43, SD 4.06) and week 24 (7.48, SD 4.41). From baseline to week 24, 7/25 (28%) participants had a ≥ 3 point improvement in sleep quality on PSQI, and 5/25 (20%) had a ≥ 3 point deterioration. There was no significant difference in mean PROM scores.

Conclusion
It is feasible to deliver telehealth CBT-I to people with early BC receiving chemotherapy. Contrary to literature predictions, sleep quality did not deteriorate. Telehealth CBT-I has a potential role in preventing and managing sleep disturbance during chemotherapy.
Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ANZCTR) registration number: ACTRN12620001379909 and date 22/12/2020.
The prognostic value of immune-nutritional status in metastatic colorectal cancer: Prognostic Nutritional Index (PNI)
Authors: Keskinkilic Merve , Semiz Huseyin Salih , Ataca Evrim , Yavuzsen Tugba 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Backround and purpose
A low Prognostic Nutritional Index (PNI) value, which reflects immune nutrition and inflammation around the tumor, is associated with an unfavorable prognosis, and it was aimed to reveal its prognostic value in metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC).

Methods
In our retrospective cross-sectional study, patients with a diagnosis of metastatic colorectal disease without active infection, between January 2010 and December 2016 were included. The PNI values at the time of diagnosis were calculated according to the formula (10 × serum albumin (g/dL)) + (0.005 × total lymphocyte value).

Results
The mean PNI value of 253 patients included in the study was 46.6. While 53.75% (n = 136) of the patients had a PNI value of 46.6 and above, 46.25% (n = 117) had a PNI value below 46.6. The overall survival (OS) of the group with a PNI of 46.6 and above was statistically significantly longer (53.06 months vs 38.80 months, p = 0.039). The PFS duration of the group with PNI below 46.6 was 25.66 months, while the PFS duration of the group with PNI above 46.6 was not reached (p = 0.265).

Conclusion
PNI is a simple and inexpensive index that evaluates the immunonutritional status, and it is a prognostic marker that can be easily used in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer as in other cancer types.
Metaphyseal trauma of the lower extremities in major orthopedic surgery as an independent risk factor for deep vein thrombosis
Authors: Hartono Franky , Ananditya Tessi , Augustinus Yohanes , Hendra  , Gabriel Nicholas 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Major orthopedic surgeries of the lower extremities, which heavily injure the metaphyseal region, are strongly associated with the risk of developing deep vein thrombosis (DVT). This study aims to investigate the role of metaphyseal trauma as an independent risk factor for DVT.

Methods
Patients undergoing major orthopedic surgery of the hip and knee had their existing DVT risk factors recorded. Metaphyseal trauma was defined by the extent of bone injury during these surgeries. The samples were categorized into three surgery groups: total arthroplasty group (TA), hemiarthroplasty group (HA), and the open reduction internal fixation group (ORIF). Logistic regression test between significant existing risk factors and surgery groups determines the independent association between risk factors and DVT.

Result
The study found a 24.8% incidence of asymptomatic DVT in patients undergoing major orthopedic surgeries, with the highest prevalence (37.2%) in TA, which had the largest extent of metaphyseal trauma and the least existing DVT risk factors. TA showed 6.2 OR and 95% CI (p = 0.036) compared to the other existing risk factor in relation to DVT incidence.

Conclusion
Metaphyseal bone trauma in the hip and knee major orthopedic surgery is an independent risk factor for deep vein thrombosis.
Progressive Weakening of Granite by Piezoelectric Excitation of Quartz with Alternating Current
Authors: Rubio Ruiz Rafael Arturo , Pournoori Nazanin , Isakov Matti , Saksala Timo , Bjørge Ruben , Rack Alexander , Lukic Bratislav , Cohen Amitay , Levi-Hevroni David , Kane Pascal-Alexandre , Hokka Mikko 
Published: May 2024

AbstractA promising solution to reduce energy usage and mitigate the wear of drilling and comminution tools during mining operations involves inducing vibrations within the piezoelectric phases dispersed in the structure of rocks using alternating current (AC). This paper presents experimental evidence of AC-induced weakening of Kuru granite, manifested as improvements in rock drillability and reductions of strength. Sievers’ J-miniature drill tests were used to assess surface drillability. The impact of AC treatment on the quasi-static strength of granite was assessed via three-point bending and indirect tension Brazilian disk tests. The influence of AC treatment on the dynamic tensile strength of the rock was determined using split Hopkinson bar tests, with the fragmentation process captured using in situ ultra-fast synchrotron X-ray phase contrast imaging. The quasi-static tests revealed no reduction in rock strength after the AC treatment. In contrast, reductions of 25% in hardness and 18% in dynamic tensile strength were observed. Fragmentation patterns differed between treated and non-treated rocks, with treated specimens exhibiting reduced macrocrack formation during loading.