bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An epiQTL underlying asexual seed formation in Arabidopsis
Authors: Pankaj Rishabh , Shoejaeyfar Shiana , Figueiredo Duarte D. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Seed development in most angiosperms is coupled to fertilization of the maternal gametes by two sperm cells. However, apomictic species can reproduce asexually via seeds. This trait is of great agricultural interest, as it would fix complex genotypes and allow for pollen-independent seed production. However, engineering full apomixis requires three independent processes: apomeiosis, parthenogenesis and autonomous endosperm development. While the first two have been successfully engineered in some crops, the formation of functional autonomous endosperms remains a challenge. Although it is known that this trait is under epigenetic control, like of DNA methylation, the underlying mechanisms remain mostly undiscovered. Here, using epigenetic recombinant inbred lines (epiRILs) we identified an epigenetic quantitative trait locus (epiQTL) in the Arabidopsis chromosome 2, which correlates with permissiveness for the formation of asexual seeds: hypomethylation at this genomic region allows the formation of larger autonomous endosperms. Importantly, the methylation at this locus only correlates with asexual seed size, and not to the size of sexual seeds or that of other organs. With this, we aim to show that screening for epialleles is a promising strategy to uncover loci underlying relevant traits and could pave the way to identifying genes necessary for the engineering of apomixis.
Interaction between birds and technical linear structures
Authors: Шилин М.Б. , Леднова Ю.А. , Меньшакова М.Ю. , Гайнанова Р.И. , Румянцева Е.А. 
Published: April 2024

По результатам анализа опыта наилучшей международной практики и собственных наблюдений рассмотрено взаимодействие птиц с линейными техническими объектами: железными и автомобильными дорогами, мостами, линиями электропередач, гидротехническими сооружениями, изгородями и ограждающими конструкциями, искусственно высаженной растительностью, а также с элементами сопутствующей инфраструктуры (телефонные и телеграфные столбы, элементы освещения и т. п.). Выявлены факторы положительного и негативного воздействия линейных техногенных объектов на орнитофауну. Показано, что проанализированные виды воздействия линейных техногенных объектов на орнитофауну должны рассматриваться в совокупности, на основе системного подхода как и сами линейные объекты, представляющие собой комплекс собственно линейного объекта и сопутствующей инфраструктуры.
On the base of analysis of the best international practice and original observations the influence of different linear technogenic objects on birds is evaluated - such as railways and roads, bridges, power lines, hydraulic structures, fences and barriers, artificially planted vegetation, as well as elements of accompanying infrastructure (telephone and telegraph poles, lighting elements, etc.). Factors of positive and negative effects of the linear technogenic objects on the ornithofauna are revealed. It is shown that the anthropogenic effects on ornithofauna should be estimated as a complex, on the base of the system approach - as well as the linear objects themselves, which represent a complex consisting of the linear object proper and accompanying infrastructure.
Surfactant protein D as a marker of persistent impairment of the lungs diffusion capacity in the long-term period in patients who had suffered from severe COVID-19
Authors: Abdullaeva G. B. , Kozhevnikova M. V. , Valiulina D. S. , Belenkov Yu. N. 
Published: April 2024

Introduction. The long-term consequences of COVID-19 (СOrona VIrus Disease 2019) for the respiratory system represent a socially significant problem. Long-lasting respiratory symptoms and functional changes in individuals who have suffered coronavirus infection justify the need to study pathogenetic mechanisms. There is little study of epithelial biomarkers and their potential role in the development of long-term respiratory complications.Аim. Тo study the level of the circulating marker surfactant protein-D (SP-D) in patients who suffered severe COVID-19-associated lung damage at 3 and 12 months after the acute form and its relation with indicators of respiratory function.Materials and methods. The study included 70 patients who were examined at 3 and 12 months after the acute phase of COVID-19, which occurred with severe and extremely severe lung damage. Patients underwent a comprehensive study of respiratory function (spirography, bodyplethysmography and diffusion test), a 6-minute step test with quantitative assessment of shortness of breath, both during exercise and in daily life; the study also determined the serum level of surfactant protein-D.Results. The results of the study indicate that 57% of patients who have suffered severe COVID-19-associated lung damage remain persistently impaired in the diffusion capacity of the lungs throughout the year. It was found that the level of SP-D was increased in all patients 3 months after the acute phase of the disease, but in the group with reduced DLco this level was significantly higher after 3 and 12 months (469 ng/ml and 295 ng/ml, respectively).Conclusion. Persistent impairments in the diffusion capacity of the lungs in some patients persist a year after suffering a severe form of COVID-19. Elevated SP-D levels have been found to be associated with decreased lung diffusion capacity. Thus, SP-D can be considered as a potential biomarker of lung injury severity in the long-term period of COVID-19.
Fish detection based on Gather-and-Distribute mechanism Multi-scale feature fusion network and Structural Re-parameterization method
Authors: Zhang Dengyong , Gao Sheng , Deng Bin , Xu Jihan , Xiang Yifei , Gan Maohui , Qu Chaoxiong 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT

To solve the problems of localization and identification of fish in the complex fishway environment, improving the accuracy of fish detection, this paper proposes an object detection algorithm YOLORG, and a fishway fish detection dataset (FFDD). The FFDD contains 4,591 images from the web and lab shots and labeled with the LabelIMG tool, covering fish in a wide range of complex scenarios. The YOLORG algorithm, based on YOLOv8, improves the traditional FPN–PAN network into a C2f Multi-scale feature fusion network with a Gather-and-Distribute mechanism, which solves the problem of information loss accompanied by the network in the fusion of feature maps of different sizes. Also, we propose a C2D Structural Re-parameterization module with a rich gradient flow and good performance to further improve the detection accuracy of the algorithm. The experimental results show that the YOLORG algorithm improves the mAP50 and mAP50-95 by 1.2 and 1.8% compared to the original network under the joint VOC dataset, and also performs very well in terms of accuracy compared to other state-of-the-art object detection algorithms, and is able to detect fish in very turbid environments after training on the FFDD.
Impacts of climate change on food system security and sustainability in Bangladesh
Authors: Rahman Muhammad Muhitur , Chowdhury Md Monirul Islam , Al Amran Md Iqram Uddin , Malik Karim , Abubakar Ismaila Rimi , Aina Yusuf A. , Hasan Md Arif , Rahman Mohammad Shahedur , Rahman Syed Masiur 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT

Climate change poses a significant threat to the security and sustainability of global food systems, particularly in vulnerable regions such as Bangladesh. This paper comprehensively reviews the impact of climate change on food system security and sustainability in Bangladesh. Specifically, it examines the country's food system and, the climatic conditions endangering food systems and associated vulnerabilities. A systematic review methodology was adopted to select the relevant literature, based on predefined inclusion criteria and research questions. To mitigate selection bias, the research team independently screened and evaluated the articles for inclusion in the review process. Our review reveals increasing trends in temperature fluctuations and irregular rainfall occurrences, posing significant challenges in terms of crop management and planning. The occurrence of floods due to extreme rainfall and sea-level rise exacerbates food insecurity in affected areas. Additionally, moderate to severe droughts have been identified in some regions. The paper also evaluates the effectiveness of current adaptation initiatives and the degree of integration among relevant stakeholders. Through this analysis, the paper emphasizes the importance of local climate-change adaptation strategies and stakeholder collaboration in mitigating the adverse impacts of climate-change on food system security.
Enhancing resource allocation in drought mitigation through a group multicriteria sorting model: a case study of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
Authors: Castro Gabriel de Oliveira , Morais Danielle Costa , Gonçalo Thomas Edson Espindola 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT

Drought is a natural phenomenon that poses a significant threat to water resources in affected regions. The detrimental effects of this extreme weather event, regardless of its type, have had an impact, necessitating concrete resource allocation projects to mitigate drought. From this perspective, our research proposes a group multicriteria sorting model to support resource allocation for drought mitigation. A multicriteria sorting model was developed based on the PROMSORT method to assist the government in evaluating 14 municipalities of the Apodi-Mossoró river basin in the Rio Grande do Norte State in Brazil. This model classifies the municipalities into high, moderate, and low-priority categories, enabling targeted attention and allocation of resources for drought mitigation efforts. The research findings demonstrate that the proposed model can effectively support strategic public policies, allocate resources, and facilitate the implementation of appropriate actions, thereby focusing efforts on the cities most severely affected by drought and alleviating the adverse effects of this natural disaster
Machine learning for water demand forecasting: Case study in a Brazilian coastal city
Authors: Filho Jesuino Vieira , Scortegagna Arlan , Vieira Amanara Potykytã de Sousa Dias , Jaskowiak Pablo Andretta 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT

Water resources management is crucial for human well-being and contemporary socio-economic development. However, the increasing use of water has led to various problems that affect its quality and availability. To address these issues, accurate forecasting of water consumption is essential for the optimal operation of water collection, treatment, and distribution systems. This study aims to compare four machine learning methods for predicting daily urban water demand in a Brazilian coastal tourist city (Guaratuba – Paraná). Historical data from the city’s water distribution system, spanning from 2016 to 2019 (1,461 measurements in total), were considered along with meteorological and calendar data to conduct the investigation. Three time series cross-validation approaches were considered for each method, thus totaling 12 evaluation settings. All models were subjected to hyperparameter optimization and evaluated using appropriate performance metrics from the literature. Results demonstrate the importance of using nonlinear models to predict short-term water demand, highlighting the problem’s complexity. From the compared models, multilayer perceptron provided the best results. Finally, regardless of the model, the best results were obtained by applying an expanding window time series cross-validation, indicating that the more historical data available, the better, in this particular case.
Chest X-Ray–Based Telemedicine Platform for Pediatric Tuberculosis Diagnosis in Low-Resource Settings: Development and Validation Study
Authors: Gómez-Valverde Juan J , Sánchez-Jacob Ramón , Ribó José Luis , Schaaf H Simon , García Delgado Lara , Hernanz-Lobo Alicia , Capellán-Martín Daniel , Lancharro Ángel , Augusto Orvalho , García-Basteiro Alberto L , Santiago-García Begoña , López-Varela Elisa , Ledesma-Carbayo María J 
Published: April 2024

Background
Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major cause of morbidity and death worldwide, with a significant impact on children, especially those under the age of 5 years. The complex diagnosis of pediatric TB, compounded by limited access to more accurate diagnostic tests, underscores the need for improved tools to enhance diagnosis and care in resource-limited settings.

Objective
This study aims to present a telemedicine web platform, BITScreen PTB (Biomedical Image Technologies Screen for Pediatric Tuberculosis), aimed at improving the evaluation of pulmonary TB in children based on digital chest x-ray (CXR) imaging and clinical information in resource-limited settings.

Methods
The platform was evaluated by 3 independent expert readers through a retrospective assessment of a data set with 218 imaging examinations of children under 3 years of age, selected from a previous study performed in Mozambique. The key aspects assessed were the usability through a standardized questionnaire, the time needed to complete the assessment through the platform, the performance of the readers to identify TB cases based on the CXR, the association between the TB features identified in the CXRs and the initial diagnostic classification, and the interreader agreement of the global assessment and the radiological findings.

Results
The platform’s usability and user satisfaction were evaluated using a questionnaire, which received an average rating of 4.4 (SD 0.59) out of 5. The average examination completion time ranged from 35 to 110 seconds. In addition, the study on CXR showed low sensitivity (16.3%-28.2%) but high specificity (91.1%-98.2%) in the assessment of the consensus case definition of pediatric TB using the platform. The CXR finding having a stronger association with the initial diagnostic classification was air space opacification (χ21>20.38, P<.001). The study found varying levels of interreader agreement, with moderate/substantial agreement for air space opacification (κ=0.54-0.67) and pleural effusion (κ=0.43-0.72).

Conclusions
Our findings support the promising role of telemedicine platforms such as BITScreen PTB in enhancing pediatric TB diagnosis access, particularly in resource-limited settings. Additionally, these platforms could facilitate the multireader and systematic assessment of CXR in pediatric TB clinical studies.
Penyakit Paru Obstruktif Kronis (PPOK) dengan Multipel Komorbid
Authors: Maryani Nova , Akhmad Yun  Jufan  , Bowo Adiyanto  
Published: April 2024

Pendahuluan: PPOK merupakan penyakit yang sering, dapat dicegah dan dapat diobati, namun sering tidak terdiagnosa dan misdiagnosa sehingga pasien tidak mendapatkan pengobatan atau pengobatan yang tidak tepat.
Kasus: Seorang laki-laki usia 76 tahun rujukan dari rumah sakit tipe D dengan diagnosa PPOK dengan CAP, AKI, dan CHF cf III dan membutuhkan hemodialisa. Pasien datang ke rumah sakit sebelumnya dengan keluhan sesak nafas 1 bulan yang lalu dan memberat 1 minggu SMRS, sesak nafas dirasakan memberat saat aktifitas, keluhan disertai batuk (+) berdahak warna putih. 1 minggu SMRS pasien dirawat di RS perujuk, karena keluhan sesak memberat pasien dilakukan intubasi dan dirawat di ICU di RS perujuk selama 1 hari. Pasien kemudian dirujuk ke RSS dan dilakukan perawatan di ICU selama 12 hari, kemudian dilanjutkan perawatan di HCU.
Diskusi:
Penggunaan intubasi dan weaning pada pasien PPOK sangat menarik dan menantang. Pasien selama 12 hari perawatan di ICU diberikan medikamentosa sesuai diagnosa dan manajemen ventilasi dengan pemberian NIV diselang seling dengan NRM setelah pasien autoextube pada hari ke-5. Rontgen thorax terakhir menunjukkan perbaikan pada pneumonia dan edem pulmo, sehingga pasien dipindah di HCU untuk perawatan selanjutnya. Problem pasien dengan PPOK dan proses menyapih dari ventilator dapat membutuhkan waktu yang lama. Kesabaran intesivis dan pasien dibutuhkan dalam proses ini.
Kesimpulan:
PPOK yang didiagnosa disertai dengan komorbid penyakit lainnya dapat menyulitkan untuk proses perawatan dan weaning ventilator jika pasien menggunakan ventilator ketika masuk di ICU.

Kata Kunci: COPD, Cor Pulmonale, ICU
THE LENGTH-WEIGHT RELATIONSHIP OF Butis sp. IN THE TAMBUN RIVER, TOLITOLI DISTRICT, CENTRAL SULAWESI
Authors: Laheng Suardi , Putri Dwi Utami , Febriani Febriani 
Published: April 2024

Butis sp. is a type of fish that possesses physical characteristics such as small scales and a yellowish belly. Information regarding the existence and growth of this type of fish is still limited to the Tambun River, Tolitoli Regency. Analyzing the length and weight of the fish is one of the methods used to determine the biological conditions and fish stocks, there by facilitating the management of biodiversity sustainability. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between the length and weight of Butis sp. in order to understand fish growth patterns. This research was carried out for 2 months in Sungai Tambun, Tolitoli Regency, Central Sulawesi Province. The location for collecting sample were divided into 3 stations. The test parameters observed were the relationship between length and weight and habitat conditions. The research results of Butis sp. in Sungai Tambun, Tolitoli Regency showed a positive allometric growth pattern (b= 3,25). The water quality in the Tambun River still supports the growth of Butis sp. (temperature 25-28oC, pH 5,5-8,5).Keywords : Biodiversity, fish biology, growth, positive allometrics
INTERACTION OF STOCKING DENSITY AND DIFFERENT PLANT TYPES IN CULTIVATING SANGKURIANG CATFISH (Clarias gariepinus var. Sangkuriang) AQUAPONIC TECHNOLOGY
Authors: Dg. Masese Risa Apriana A. , Ndobe Samliok , Widiastuti Irawati Mei 
Published: April 2024

This study investigated the impact of varying stocking densities and plant species interactions within an aquaponic framework. Conducted over a 45-day period (August-October 2023) at the Experimental Farm of Tadulako University, Palu, Central Sulawesi, the research utilized juvenile Sangkuriang catfish (Clarias gariepinus var. Sangkuriang) as the focal organism. Employing a factorial design, with stocking densities 12, 20, and 28 fish per 40 liters of water and three distinct plant species (Ipomoea aquatica, Brassica rapa subsp. chinensis, and Lactuca sativa), the study aimed to elucidate optimal growth conditions. Key findings revealed that the stocking density of 12 fish per 40 liters of water, coupled with pakchoi plants, yielded the most significant growth enhancements. Specifically, this configuration demonstrated a specific growth rate of 6.66±0.7% and absolute weight growth of 14.06±1.0, along with a specific length growth rate of 2.10±0.6% and absolute length growth of 4.48±0.6%. Notably, water quality parameters remained within acceptable limits across all treatments, ensuring an environment conducive to catfish growth. In conclusion, this research underscores the critical role of stocking density and plant selection in optimizing aquaponic systems. The findings offer valuable insights into enhancing both fish and plant growth dynamics within integrated aquaponic frameworks. Keywords: Catfish farming, aquaponics, growth rate, survival rate.
Right ventricular dysfunction in chronic heart failure: clinical laboratory and echocardiographic characteristics. (the RIVED-CHF registry)
Authors: Palazzuoli Alberto , Dini Frank Loyd , Agostoni PierGiuseppe , Cartocci Alessandra , Morrone Francesco , Tricarico Lucia , Correale Michele , Mercurio Valentina , Nodari Savina , Severino Paolo , Badagliacca Roberto , Barillà Francesco , Paolillo Stefania , Filardi Pasquale Perrone ,   Italian Heart Failure Study Group, Italian Society of Cardiology
Published: April 2024

Background:
Right ventricular dysfunction (RVD) and pulmonary hypertension have been recognized as two important prognostic features in patients with left side heart failure. Current literature does not distinguish between right heart failure (RHF) and RVD, and the two terms are used indiscriminately to describe pulmonary hypertension and RVD as well as clinical sign of RHF. Therefore, the right ventricle (RV) adaptation across the whole spectrum of left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) values has been poorly investigated.

Methods:
This is a multicenter observational prospective study endorsed by the Italian Society of Cardiology aiming to analyze the concordance between the signs and symptoms of RHF and echocardiographic features of RVD. The protocol will assess patients affected by chronic heart failure in stable condition regardless of the LVEF threshold by clinical, laboratory, and detailed echocardiographic study. During the follow-up period, patients will be observed by direct check-up visit and/or virtual visits every 6 months for a mean period of 3 years. All clinical laboratory and echocardiographic data will be recorded in a web platform system accessible for all centers included in the study.

Results:
The main study goals are: to investigate the concordance and discordance between clinical signs of RHF and RVD measured by ultrasonographic examination; to evaluate prognostic impact (in terms of cardiovascular mortality and heart failure hospitalization) of RVD and RHF during a mean follow-up period of 3 years; to investigate the prevalence of different right ventricular maladaptation (isolated right ventricular dilatation, isolated pulmonary hypertension, combined pattern) and the related prognostic impact.

Conclusions:
With this protocol, we would investigate the three main RVD patterns according to heart failure types and stages; we would clarify different RVD and pulmonary hypertension severity according to the heart failure types. Additionally, by a serial multiparametric analysis of RV, we would provide a better definition of RVD stage and how much is it related with clinical signs of RHF (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT06002321).
Down-regulation of neuronal form of Nitric oxide synthase in the Nurse cell of Trichinella spiralis
Authors: Milcheva R. , Hurníková Z. , Todorova K. , Dilcheva V. , Petkova S. , Janega P. , Babál P. 
Published: April 2024

Summary
The free radical nitric oxide (NO) and Ca2+ are critical regulators of skeletal muscle exercise performance and fatigue. The major source of NO in skeletal muscle cells is the neuronal form of the enzyme Nitric oxide synthase (nNOS). One of the most peculiar characteristics of the Nurse cell of Trichinella spiralis (T. spiralis) is the complete loss of the contractile capabilities of its derivative striated muscle fiber. The aim of the present study was to clarify the expression of nNOS protein and mRNA in striated muscles during the muscle phase of T. spiralis infection in mice. Muscle tissue samples were collected from mice at days 0, 14, 24, and 35 post infection (d.p.i.). The expression of nNOS was investigated by immunohistochemistry, and the expression levels of mRNA of mouse Nitric oxide synthase 1 (Nos1) by real-time PCR. The presence of nNOS protein was still well observable in the disintegrated sarcoplasm at the early stage of infection. The cytoplasm of the developing and mature Nurse cell showed the absence of this protein. At least at the beginning of the Nurse cell development, Trichinella uses the same repairing process of skeletal muscle cell, induced after any trauma and this corroborates very well our results concerning the nNOS expression on day 14 p.i. At a later stage, however, we could suggest that the down-regulation of nNOS in the Nurse cell of T. spiralis either serves a protective function or is an outcome of the genetic identity of the Nurse cell.