bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PATIENTS' EXPECTATIONS VERSUS THEIR FUNCTIONAL OUTCOMES AFTER HALLUX VALGUS CORRECTIVE SURGERY: A PROSPECTIVE STUDY
Authors: Yousaf S. , Jeong S. , Hamilton P. , Sott A. 
Published: May 2024

PurposeTo explore the relationship in terms of time scale between pre-operative expectations and postoperative outcomes and satisfaction after Hallux valgus surgery.MethodsA patient derived questionnaire was developed and 30 patients aged 19 to 67 were included undergoing primary hallux valgus correction with a first metatarsal osteotomy and distal soft tissue release. Patients were asked pre-operatively to quantify their expected time scale for improvement in pain, ability to walk unaided, ability to drive, routine foot wear and foot feeling normal at 6 weeks, 3 and 6 months following surgery, and to indicate their confidence in achieving this result. Patients recorded postoperative outcomes achieved at number of weeks. Ordinal logistic regression multivariate modelling was used to examine predictors of postoperative satisfaction.Results90% of the patients were able to walk unaided and drive before or around the expected time scale at an average of five weeks' time. Persistent pain subsided at an average of two weeks post operatively which led to high satisfaction Although differences between patients' expectation and achievement were minimal at 6 weeks post-operatively, there was some discrepancy at 3 months, with patient expectations far exceeding achievement. The least satisfactory outcome was normal feeling of foot at six months follow up. There were significant correlations between failure to achieve expectations and the importance patients attached to recovery.ConclusionsThis study underlines the importance of taking preoperative expectations into account to obtain an informed choice on the basis of the patient's preferences. Patients' pre-operative expectations of surgical outcome exceed their functional achievement but satisfaction remains high if pain control and ability to walk unaided is achieved early after hallux valgus corrective surgery.
EARLY MOTION AND DIRECTED EXERCISE (EMADE) VERSUS USUAL-CARE POST-ANKLE FRACTURE FIXATION: 12- AND 24-WEEK RESULTS FROM A PRAGMATIC RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL
Authors: Matthews P. , Scammell B. , Ali A. , Nightingale J. , Coughlin T. , Khan T. , Ollivere B. 
Published: May 2024

BackgroundAnkle fractures are extremely common but unfortunately, over 20% fail to obtain good to excellent recovery. For those requiring surgical fixation, usual-care post-surgery has included six-weeks cast immobilisation and non-weightbearing. Disuse atrophy and joint stiffness are detrimental sequelae of this management. While rehabilitation, starting at two-weeks post-surgery is viewed as safe, the literature contains methodological flaws and a lack of focus on early exercise, perpetuating the controversy over the effectiveness of early exercise interventions.ObjectivesOur objectives were to determine if following operative fixation for Weber B fracture, the physiotherapy intervention, early motion and directed exercise (EMADE), applied in the clinical setting, were superior to Usual-care at 12-weeks (primary outcome) and 24-weeks.Design and MethodsWe undertook a pragmatic-RCT, recruiting 157 surgically fixed Weber B ankle fracture patients, to establish if EMADE was superior to the Usual-care of 6-weeks immobilisation. The EMADE physiotherapy intervention (between week-2 and 4 post-surgery) utilised a removable cast and combined non-weightbearing progressive home exercises with manual therapy, advice and education. The primary outcome measure was the OMAS at 12-weeks.Results130 participants returned their 12-weeks post-surgery data, exceeding the 60/group threshold set by the a-priory power calculation. Group OMAS means were; 62.0 and 48.8 (SD 21, 22.5) EMADE, Usual-care respectively, yielding a clinically meaningful mean difference of 13.2 on the OMAS and a statistical difference (95% CI p< 0.001, 5.66 to 20.73). Both clinically meaningful and statistically significant findings were maintained at week-24. There were no intervention related or unexpected adverse events, including instability.ConclusionsThis clinic set pragmatic-RCT yielded both clinical and statistical outcomes at week-12 in favour of the EMADE physiotherapy intervention over the Usual-care of 6-weeks immobilisation, in surgically fixed Weber B ankle fracture patients. These positive findings were maintained at week-24 and justify EMADE physiotherapy as a viable treatment option.
Gender differences in PTSD severity and pain outcomes: Baseline results from the LAMP trial
Authors: Friedman Jessica K. , Taylor Brent C. , Campbell Emily Hagel , Allen Kelli , Bangerter Ann , Branson Mariah , Bronfort Gert , Calvert Collin , Cross Lee J. S. , Driscoll Mary A. , Evans Ronni , Ferguson John E. , Haley Alex , Hennessy Sierra , Meis Laura A. , Burgess Diana J. 
Published: May 2024

Background
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and chronic pain are highly prevalent comorbid conditions. Veterans dually burdened by PTSD and chronic pain experience more severe outcomes compared to either disorder alone. Few studies have enrolled enough women Veterans to test gender differences in pain outcomes [catastrophizing, intensity, interference] by the severity of PTSD symptoms.

Aim
Examine gender differences in the association between PTSD symptoms and pain outcomes among Veterans enrolled in a chronic pain clinical trial.

Methods
Participants were 421 men and 386 women Veterans with chronic pain who provided complete data on PTSD symptoms and pain outcomes. We used hierarchical linear regression models to examine gender differences in pain outcomes by PTSD symptoms.

Results
Adjusted multivariable models indicated that PTSD symptoms were associated with higher levels of pain catastrophizing (0.57, 95% CI [0.51, 0.63]), pain intensity (0.30, 95% CI [0.24, 0.37]), and pain interference (0.46, 95% CI [0.39, 0.52]). No evidence suggesting gender differences in this association were found in either the crude or adjusted models (all interaction p-values<0.05).

Conclusion
These findings may reflect the underlying mutual maintenance of these conditions whereby the sensation of pain could trigger PTSD symptoms, particularly if the trauma and pain are associated with the same event. Clinical implications and opportunities testing relevant treatments that may benefit both chronic pain and PTSD are discussed.
Explore the shared molecular mechanism between dermatomyositis and nasopharyngeal cancer by bioinformatic analysis
Authors: Zhong Xiuqin , Shang Jingjing , Zhang Rongwei , Zhang Xiuling , Yu Le , Niu Haitao , Duan Xinwang 
Published: May 2024

Background
Dermatomyositis (DM) is prone to nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), but the mechanism is unclear. This study aimed to explore the potential pathogenesis of DM and NPC.

Methods
The datasets GSE46239, GSE142807, GSE12452, and GSE53819 were downloaded from the GEO dataset. The disease co-expression module was obtained by R-package WGCNA. We built PPI networks for the key modules. ClueGO was used to analyze functional enrichment for the key modules. DEG analysis was performed with the R-package "limma". R-package “pROC” was applied to assess the diagnostic performance of hub genes. MiRNA-mRNA networks were constructed using MiRTarBase and miRWalk databases.

Results
The key modules that positively correlated with NPC and DM were found. Its intersecting genes were enriched in the negative regulation of viral gene replication pathway. Similarly, overlapping down-regulated DEGs in DM and NPC were also enriched in negatively regulated viral gene replication. Finally, we identified 10 hub genes that primarily regulate viral biological processes and type I interferon responses. Four key genes (GBP1, IFIH1, IFIT3, BST2) showed strong diagnostic performance, with AUC>0.8. In both DM and NPC, the expression of key genes was correlated with macrophage infiltration level. Based on hub genes’ miRNA-mRNA network, hsa-miR-146a plays a vital role in DM-associated NPC.

Conclusions
Our research discovered pivot genes between DM and NPC. Viral gene replication and response to type I interferon may be the crucial bridge between DM and NPC. By regulating hub genes, MiR-146a will provide new strategies for diagnosis and treatment in DM complicated by NPC patients. For individuals with persistent viral replication in DM, screening for nasopharyngeal cancer is necessary.
Hepatitis B and C viral coinfection and associated factors among HIV-positive patients attending ART clinics of Afar regional state, northeast Ethiopia
Authors: Hagos Yemane Mengsteab , Yalew Gebrehiwet Tesfay , Meles Hadush Negash , Tsegay Ephrem , Lemelem Mulu , Wasihun Araya Gebreyesus 
Published: May 2024

BackgroundHepatitis B (HBV) and C virus (HCV) coinfection are the major causes of liver-related morbidity and mortality among people living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). The burden of hepatitis among HIV-positive individuals has not been studied in the Afar region. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the prevalence of HBV and HCV coinfection and associated factors among HIV-positive patients in Afar Regional State, northeast Ethiopia.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted on 477 HIV-positive patients between February 2019 and May 2019. A structured and pretested questionnaire was used to collect socio-demographic data and associated factors. Five milliliters of blood was collected, and Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and HCV antibodies were detected using rapid test kits. Positive samples were confirmed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Binary and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to identify associated factors. Statistical significance was set atP<0.05.ResultsAmong the 477 study participants, 320/477(67.1%) of them were females and 157(32.9%) males. The overall prevalence of HIV-HBV and HIV-HCV coinfection was 25(5.2%) and 7(1.5%), respectively. Multi-sexual practice was significantly associated with HIV-HBV coinfection (AOR = 5.3; 95% CI: 1.2–24.4,P= 0.032).ConclusionThe prevalence of both HIV-HBV and HIV-HCV coinfection was intermediate. Multi-sexual practice was significantly associated with HIV-HBV coinfection. Screening of all HIV-positive patients for HBV and HCV and health education regarding the transmission modes should be considered.
A qualitative exploration of the challenges providers experience during peripartum management of patients with a body mass index ≥ 50 kg/m2 and recommendations for improvement
Authors: Kominiarek Michelle A. , Lyleroehr Madison , Torres Jissell 
Published: May 2024

Background
The objective of this research was to conduct a qualitative study among a diverse group of providers to identify their clinical needs, barriers, and adverse safety events in the peripartum care of people with a body mass index (BMI) ≥ 50 kg/m2.

Methods
Obstetricians, anesthesiologists, certified nurse midwives, nurse practitioners, and nurses were invited to participate in focus group discussions if they were employed at the hospital for >6 months. Key concepts in the focus group guide included: (1) Discussion of challenging situations, (2) Current peripartum management approaches, (3) Patient and family knowledge and counseling, (4) Design and implementation of a guideline (e.g., checklist or toolkit) for peripartum care. The audiotaped focus groups were transcribed verbatim, uploaded to a qualitative analysis software program, and analyzed using inductive and constant comparative approaches. Emerging themes were summarized along with representative quotes.

Results
Five focus groups of 27 providers were completed in 2023. The themes included staffing (level of experience, nursing-patient ratios, safety concerns), equipment (limitations of transfer mats, need for larger sizes, location for blood pressure cuff, patient embarrassment), titrating oxytocin (lack of guidelines, range of uses), monitoring fetal heart rate and contractions, patient positioning, and communication (lack of patient feedback, need for bias training, need for interdisciplinary relationships). Providers gave examples of items to include in a “BMI cart” and suggestions for a guideline including designated rooms for patients with a BMI ≥ 50 kg/m2, defining nursing ratios and oxytocin titration plans, postpartum incentive spirometer, and touch points with providers (nursing, physicians) at every shift change.

Conclusions
Providers discussed a range of challenges and described how current approaches to care may negatively affect the peripartum experience and pose threats to safety for patients with a BMI ≥ 50 kg/m2 and their providers. We gathered information on improving equipment and communication among providers.
Machine learning for the detection and diagnosis of cognitive impairment in Parkinson’s Disease: A systematic review
Authors: Altham Callum , Zhang Huaizhong , Pereira Ella 
Published: May 2024

BackgroundParkinson’s Disease is the second most common neurological disease in over 60s. Cognitive impairment is a major clinical symptom, with risk of severe dysfunction up to 20 years post-diagnosis. Processes for detection and diagnosis of cognitive impairments are not sufficient to predict decline at an early stage for significant impact. Ageing populations, neurologist shortages and subjective interpretations reduce the effectiveness of decisions and diagnoses. Researchers are now utilising machine learning for detection and diagnosis of cognitive impairment based on symptom presentation and clinical investigation. This work aims to provide an overview of published studies applying machine learning to detecting and diagnosing cognitive impairment, evaluate the feasibility of implemented methods, their impacts, and provide suitable recommendations for methods, modalities and outcomes.MethodsTo provide an overview of the machine learning techniques, data sources and modalities used for detection and diagnosis of cognitive impairment in Parkinson’s Disease, we conducted a review of studies published on the PubMed, IEEE Xplore, Scopus and ScienceDirect databases. 70 studies were included in this review, with the most relevant information extracted from each. From each study, strategy, modalities, sources, methods and outcomes were extracted.ResultsLiteratures demonstrate that machine learning techniques have potential to provide considerable insight into investigation of cognitive impairment in Parkinson’s Disease. Our review demonstrates the versatility of machine learning in analysing a wide range of different modalities for the detection and diagnosis of cognitive impairment in Parkinson’s Disease, including imaging, EEG, speech and more, yielding notable diagnostic accuracy.ConclusionsMachine learning based interventions have the potential to glean meaningful insight from data, and may offer non-invasive means of enhancing cognitive impairment assessment, providing clear and formidable potential for implementation of machine learning into clinical practice.
Acute strength exercise training impacts differently the HERV-W expression and inflammatory biomarkers in resistance exercise training individuals
Authors: Morais Lucas Vinicius , dos Santos Samuel Nascimento , Gomes Tabatah Hellen , Malta Romano Camila , Colombo-Souza Patricia , Amaral Jonatas Bussador , Shio Marina Tiemi , Neves Lucas Melo , Bachi André Luis Lacerda , França Carolina Nunes , Nali Luiz Henrique da Silva 
Published: May 2024

Background
Human Endogenous Retroviruses (HERVs) are fossil viruses that composes 8% of the human genome and plays several important roles in human physiology, including muscle repair/myogenesis. It is believed that inflammation may also regulate HERV expression, and therefore may contribute in the muscle repair, especially after training exercise. Hence, this study aimed to assess the level of HERVs expression and inflammation profile in practitioners’ resistance exercises after an acute strength training session.

Methods
Healthy volunteers were separated in regular practitioners of resistance exercise training group (REG, n = 27) and non-trained individuals (Control Group, n = 20). All individuals performed a strength exercise section. Blood samples were collected before the exercise (T0) and 45 minutes after the training session (T1). HERV-K (HML1-10) and W were relatively quantified, cytokine concentration and circulating microparticles were assessed.

Results
REG presented higher level of HERV-W expression (~2.5 fold change) than CG at T1 (p<0.01). No difference was observed in the levels of HERV-K expression between the groups as well as the time points. Higher serum TNF-α and IL-10 levels were verified post-training session in REG and CG (p<0.01), and in REG was found a positive correlation between the levels of TNF-α at T1 and IL-10 at T0 (p = 0.01). Finally, a lower endothelial microparticle percentage was observed in REG at T1 than in T0 (p = 0.04).

Conclusion
REG individuals exhibited a significant upregulation of HERV-W and modulation of inflammatory markers when compared to CG. This combined effect could potentially support the process of skeletal muscle repair in the exercised individuals.
Machine Learning Models for Pancreatic Cancer Risk Prediction Using Electronic Health Record Data—A Systematic Review and Assessment
Authors: Mishra Anup Kumar , Chong Bradford , Arunachalam Shivaram P. , Oberg Ann L. , Majumder Shounak 
Published: May 2024

INTRODUCTION:
Accurate risk prediction can facilitate screening and early detection of pancreatic cancer (PC). We conducted a systematic review to critically evaluate effectiveness of machine learning (ML) and artificial intelligence (AI) techniques applied to electronic health records (EHR) for PC risk prediction.

METHODS:
Ovid MEDLINE(R), Ovid EMBASE, Ovid Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Ovid Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Scopus, and Web of Science were searched for articles that utilized ML/AI techniques to predict PC, published between January 1, 2012, and February 1, 2024. Study selection and data extraction were conducted by 2 independent reviewers. Critical appraisal and data extraction were performed using the CHecklist for critical Appraisal and data extraction for systematic Reviews of prediction Modelling Studies checklist. Risk of bias and applicability were examined using prediction model risk of bias assessment tool.

RESULTS:
Thirty studies including 169,149 PC cases were identified. Logistic regression was the most frequent modeling method. Twenty studies utilized a curated set of known PC risk predictors or those identified by clinical experts. ML model discrimination performance (C-index) ranged from 0.57 to 1.0. Missing data were underreported, and most studies did not implement explainable-AI techniques or report exclusion time intervals.

DISCUSSION:
AI/ML models for PC risk prediction using known risk factors perform reasonably well and may have near-term applications in identifying cohorts for targeted PC screening if validated in real-world data sets. The combined use of structured and unstructured EHR data using emerging AI models while incorporating explainable-AI techniques has the potential to identify novel PC risk factors, and this approach merits further study.
Pengaruh Fasilitas Perpustakaan Cafe Comic terhadap Gerakan Literasi Sekolah di Perpustakaan SMA Negeri 1 Grabag Kabupaten Magelang
Authors: Kuntardi Dani Marcelo Septiano , Perdani Nur'aini 
Published: May 2024

Gerakan literasi bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan literasi siswa di ruang kelas denganmenyediakan serangkaian kegiatan terstruktur dan terorganisir yang memungkinkan siswa mengakses, memahami, dan menerapkan keterampilan tersebut dengan sukses. Gerakan literasi terdiri dari tiga tahap berbeda: pembiasaan, pengembangan, dan pembelajaran. Untuk memastikan berjalannya inisiatif literasi sekolah secara efisien, diperlukan banyak elemen pendukung, termasuk sumber daya bacaan yang memadai di lingkungan sekolah. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengkaji pengaruh fasilitas perpustakaan pada café comic terhadap gerakan literasi sekolah di SMA N 1 Grabag Kabupaten Magelang. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif yaitu dengan menggunakan analisis regresi linier sederhana. Penelitian ini melibatkan total 255 siswa kelas X, XI, dan XII SMA Negeri 1 Grabag. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa inovasi café comic mempunyai pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap gerakan literasi sekolah, dibuktikan dengan nilai signifikansi sebesar 0,000, lebih rendah dari ambang batas sebesar 0,05. Selanjutnya nilai koefisien (R Square) sebesar 0,292 menandakan bahwa variabel x (inovasi komik kafe) mempunyai pengaruh sebesar 29,2% terhadap variabel y (gerakan literasi sekolah), dan sisanya sebesar 70,8% dipengaruhi oleh faktor lain yang tidak dibahas dalam penelitian ini.
Pencarian Cinta Sejati dalam Film Frozen Karya Walt Disney Picture dan Cerpen “The Snow Queen” Karya Hans Christian Andersen: Kajian Sastra Bandingan
Authors: Falah Fajrul , Budianto Khansa Fahira 
Published: May 2024

Penelitian ini berfokus pada penceritaan pencarian cinta sejati yang dialami oleh tokoh Anna dalam film Frozen (2013) dan tokoh Gerda dalam cerpen The Snow Queen serta menunjukkan bahwa cinta sejati tidak selamanya berdasar pada hubungan romantis. Cinta sejati juga mampu melelehkan hati seseorang yang telah beku. Penelitian ini dikaji berdasarkan teori sastra bandingan yang dikemukakan oleh Hosillos dan berfokus pada konsep cinta sejati yang dikemukakan oleh Protasi. Tujuan dan manfaat penelitian ini mengungkapkan pencarian cinta dan berkontribusi dalam bidang ilmu pengetahuan mengenai bidang studi terkait seperti sastra bandingan, film, dan cerpen serta untuk memberikan pemahaman lebih mengenai cinta sejati kepada penikmat film Frozen (2013) maupun cerpen The Snow Queen. Metode yang digunakan adalah dengan melakukan studi Pustaka, menonton film dan membaca cerpen, serta mencatat bagian-bagian penting pada kutipan dari film dan cerpen tersebut. Hasil yang didapatkan adalah kedua karya sastra tersebut memaparkan konsep cinta sejati dengan sebuah perjalanan dan pengorbanan besar yang membuat tokoh Anna dan Gerda mampu melelehkan hati seseorang yang telah membeku juga mencintai seseorang dengan segala kekurangan dan kelebihannya. Kata Kunci: Sastra bandingan, cinta sejati, Frozen, The Snow Queen
Existence of positive weak solutions for stationary fractional Laplacian problem by using sub-super solutions
Authors: Guefaifia Rafik , Boulaaras Salah , Jan Rashid 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
In this work, we establish a theorem concerning the extension of positive weak solutions for a stationary fractional Laplacian problem featuring weight functions that change sign. Additionally, we introduce novel conditions to ensure the existence of a positive solution for the given problem. These conditions are derived utilizing the approach of sub-super solutions, thereby extending and complementing existing results in the literature.