bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The evolution of marine protected areas (MPAs): the North Adriatic case
Authors: Camuffo Monica , Soriani Stefano , Zanetto Gabriele 
Published: December 2010

PurposeThis study seeks to consider the recent evolution of the Italian policy in the field of marine protected areas (MPAs). In particular, it aims to point out the increasing role played by Italian regions in establishing and managing MPAs. This evolution is to be described by focusing attention on the North Adriatic case.Design/methodology/approachAfter a brief introduction on the legislative framework, points of weakness and strength of the Italian experience in the field of MPAs are discussed. Different initiatives for promoting and implementing an MPA strategy are analyzed through the North Adriatic case study, pointing out the increasing role played by the regions in the design and implementation of protection policies.FindingsThe analysis shows how regions direct greater attention to the involvement of the public and economic sector in the design and implementation of protection policies, and to the definition of more flexible management tools. This element clearly confirms the general and overall tendency towards more regional‐based forms of environmental policy, even in coastal and marine affairs. However, in order to improve the environmental gains and implement sustainable forms of economic development, these regional initiatives should be better linked to a more comprehensive coastal zone management framework, which is still lacking. From this perspective, a national strategy for the Italian coast system could strongly contribute to increasing the role and effectiveness of regional initiatives aimed at protecting coastal and marine ecosystems.Originality/valueThe North Adriatic case shows the growing need for integrated policies in different scale projects, enhancing the involvement of local communities toward their own territory.
Greenhouse gas and air pollution emissions and options for reducing from the Kosovo transportation sector‐dynamic modelling
Authors: Kabashi Skender , Bekteshi Sadik , Ahmetaj Skender , Kabashi Gazmend , Blinc Robert , Zidanšek Aleksander , Šlaus Ivo 
Published: December 2010

PurposeThe purpose of this investigation is the dynamic modelling of greenhouse gas (GHG) and air pollution emissions, to identify technology and policy options for reducing GHG and air pollution, and to explain how these options might affect the different variables of mobile source emission systems in Kosovo.Design/methodology/approachFor modelling impacts of the technology and policy options for reducing GHG and air pollution, the model STELLA software has been used. The annual total emission for air pollutants (CO, NOx, CHx, SO2 and dust) and GHG (CO2) from the year 2000 up to 2025 is calculated. 2000 is taken as the base year for emission. Initial data value for vehicle population is taken from MEM and from World Bank ESTAP Project for Kosovo. Projection for the total number of vehicles in Kosovo is calculated with the WB Atlas Method, while the projection for emission factors and total annual emission for Air Pollutants and GHG (CO2) are calculated with US EPA methodology.FindingsFrom the results obtained using this model, the variables that drive GHG and air pollutant emissions and reduction in transport are identified. This model, predicts high emission of air pollutions and GHG in the short term from 2000 to 2010. After 2015, due to implementing the emission reduction policies and introducing new technologies in transportation, a continual reduction in air pollution will take place, whereas the CO2 output up to 2025 will be reduced by 25 percent in comparison with the emission values of 2007.Originality/valueModels presented here are the first, together with original data and results, with the predictions which are regional, but accepted globally. This work is original, since no such analysis has been carried out about mobile source emission systems in Kosovo. The paper provides data and results on which further research could be carried out.
Future changes of freshwater needs in European power plants
Authors: Flörke Martina , Teichert Ellen , Bärlund Ilona 
Published: December 2010

PurposeThe aim of this study is to analyze future changes of freshwater needs in the electricity production sector and to identify hotspots where future cooling water needs may not be fulfilled.Design/methodology/approachTo address the goals of this study, a scenario and simulation approach was selected to estimate water availability and water uses in Europe up to 2050. Two SCENES scenarios were selected to cover a wide range of water‐related driving forces including future developments in population, GDP, electricity production, technological and structural changes, as well as climate change.FindingsDepending on the scenario, water withdrawals in the electricity production would increase by 68 percent or decrease by 33 percent between 2000 and 2050. At the same time, water availability at low flow (Q90) would decrease because of climate change in southern and south‐eastern parts of Europe as well as in Ireland and the UK. Especially in these regions hotspots were identified where water is scarce and where growing water demand promotes water stress that may cause economic losses.Originality/valueThis paper presents hotspots of the thermal electricity production sector in Europe. In these regions water shortages were expected to lead to water stress due to climate change accompanied by increasing water demand for cooling purposes and by competing water use sectors.
Analysis of a sustainable system for energy recovery from municipal waste in Croatia
Authors: Schneider Daniel R. , Bogdan Željko 
Published: December 2010

PurposeThis paper seeks to focus on energy recovery from municipal solid waste (MSW) in Croatia. The state strategy is based on the mechanical and biological treatment of waste in the future waste management centers (WMC). Left over after the treatment is waste that can be used as fuel (e.g. RDF).Design/methodology/approachStarting from the geographical distribution of waste generation (quantities and transport distances), taking into account the costs of collection, transfer and thermal treatment, recommendations on optimal number and size of the dedicated waste‐to‐energy (WtE) plants in Croatia as well as their potential locations are given. The opportunity of the cement industry to utilize ash from thermal treatment of waste in the process of the cement production and the RDF as a substitute fuel is also examined.FindingsBy varying the number of WMCs, the minimal specific cost of waste collection of €33 is obtained, for maximal number of WMCs, which is 21. The optimal capacity of WtE facility is approximately 300,000 t/year, for expected quantity of 600,000 t/year of waste available for energy recovery. However, the geographical shape of Croatia and traffic connections suggest that its area could be better covered by four WtE facilities, each with the capacity of 150,000 t/year. The alternative solution could include the existing cement industry. In this case one bigger WtE plant (preferably near the city of Zagreb) could be built, with the capacity of 400,000 t/year, while the rest of the waste would be used in the cement industry, which capacity amounts to 167,000 tons of RDF annually.Originality/valueThis analysis gives another view of a possible system for energy recovery from MSW in Croatia. MSW has never been used in Croatia for the purpose of energy generation on a wider scale.
Reforming the world monetary system
Authors: Connell Carol M. 
Published: December 2010

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine Fritz Machlup's method and use of scenario analysis in the policy discussions around exchange rate solutions to balance of payments problems.Design/methodology/approachThe qualitative research on which this paper is based is the sociohistorical biographical approach, based on a close examination of published works and archival materials.FindingsWhat makes Machlup unique is his focus on the impact to an economic system of discrete human actions, each set of actions associated with a change in exchange rate policy and the operations and institutions necessary to implement it. Impact on the system was evaluated in terms of three values – balance of payments adjustment, liquidity and confidence. In his use of a system's approach, his focus on change and adjustment to change, and most particularly his focus on human action, Machlup is also distinctively Austrian.Research limitations/implicationsThis is the first paper generated from the author's far larger planned study of Fritz Machlup and the Bellagio Group.Practical implicationsThe collaborative exploration of alternative futures by senior teams has become increasingly important to strategic planning by governments and corporations.Originality/valueThe story of the Fritz Machlup's contribution to exchange rate regimes, international trade and the balance of payments has remained largely untold.
Frank George Woollard: forgotten pioneer of flow production
Authors: Emiliani M.L. , Seymour P.J. 
Published: December 2010

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to introduce management historians to the long‐forgotten work of Frank George Woollard (1883‐1957), who in the mid‐1920s established flow production in the British motor industry, and its remarkable similarity to current‐day production principles and practices used by Toyota Motor Corporation, also known as lean production.Design/methodology/approachOverview of Frank Woollard's life and work obtained from newly discovered journal papers, his 1954 book,Principles of Mass and Flow Production, newly discovered archives, and new first‐hand testimony from a close friend and from a long‐time family friend.FindingsFrank Woollard was a pioneer in the establishment of flow production in the British motor industry in the mid‐1920s and the principal developer of automatic transfer machinery. His accomplishments are comparable to Taiichi Ohno, regarded as the architect of Toyota's production system.Research limitations/implicationsWoollard's accomplishments in flow production are a fruitful area for future research given the speed and completeness with which flow production was established at Morris Motors Ltd, Engines Branch. Newly discovered papers describing his flow production system have yet to be studied in detail by academics.Practical implicationsWoollard's application of flow production beginning in 1923 means that timelines for discoveries and attributions of key accomplishments in lean management must be reexamined and revised.Originality/valueWoollard's work fills important gaps in the literature on the history of flow production generally and in the British motor industry in particular. His work constitutes an early application of current‐day lean principles and practices, and is therefore noteworthy and relevant to management historians and the operations and production management community. It is hoped that this paper will inspire management historians to study Woollard's work and place him in the context of other early twentieth‐century pioneers in industrial management and flow production.
Integrating Barnard's and contemporary views of industrial relations and HRM
Authors: Novicevic Milorad M. , Hayek Mario , Fang Tony 
Published: December 2010

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to juxtapose the contemporary views of industrial relations (IR) and human resource management (HRM) with the ideas expressed by Chester Barnard.Design/methodology/approachThe paper analyzes Chester Barnard's views along the four premises that underlie contemporary perspectives on the fields of IR and HRM.FindingsBarnard's main points: that sincerity and honesty of management is crucial to developing an individual employee's will to collaborate, and that collective cooperation is superior to collective bargaining are found to resonate well with the contemporary views and provide a clear indication for Barnard's preference of human resource perspective to the IR perspective.Practical implicationsThis paper provides Barnard's practical insights into why managing IR and HR by policies leads to poor management.Originality/valueThis paper is the first to recognize Barnard's unique contribution to contemporary perspectives on IR and HRM disciplines.
Ansoff revisited
Authors: Moussetis Robert 
Published: December 2010

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to revisit Igor Ansoff's work and how it interfaces with the various schools of strategic management.Design/methodology/approachAnsoff's work of 40 years is reviewed and related to other schools of thought in strategic management.FindingsAnsoff's work is much more comprehensive than the literature suggests. His later work (after 1990) is largely unnoticed by academics, nevertheless, it is the empirical findings of his theoretical postulations. Moreover, his work interfaces with virtually all schools of thought in strategic management.Research limitations/implicationsIt will provide a broader view of Ansoff's work and perhaps trigger additional research as a result of his later work. Most researchers continue to associate Ansoff with his early thoughts.Practical implicationsAnsoff's work has found wide applications in a variety of industries. His work was mostly with industries that used his propositions in order to better strategies.Social implicationsAnsoff's later research and empirical findings could provide a launchpad for re‐examining the method by which organizations assess their environment, strategic behaviour, and internal capability. Therefore, organizations may have an alternative method to develop strategy.Originality/valueThis is the first attempt to provide a historical view of Ansoff's work and perhaps his timeliness. The recent economic crisis only further supports Ansoff's basic position that companies must create custom strategies to fit their environment, culture, and capabilities.
Improvisation versus rigid command and control at Stalingrad
Authors: Brady Malcolm 
Published: December 2010

PurposeThe merit of improvisation over command and control as an organizational approach is the subject of much debate in the management and emergency literatures. The purpose of this paper is to examine tactics employed by the two leading protagonists at the Battle of Stalingrad – Field Marshall Friedrich Paulus on the German side and General Vasily Chuikov on the side of Russia – and seek to identify the reasons for Chuikov's victory over Paulus and draw lessons from this for practicing managers.Design/methodology/approachThe research project examined over a dozen publicly available texts on the battle, in the light of the crisis management and strategy literatures.FindingsThe paper shows how Chuikov improvised to meet the demands of the situation, relaxed the command and control structure of the Russian 62nd Army and developed a collective mind among Russian troops and that this triple approach played a significant role in his victory over Paulus.Originality/valueThe case provides support for the view that improvisation is important in crisis response and can be applied within a hierarchical command and control structure. The paper puts forward a framework for managers to respond to crisis based on two continua: mode of response (improvised or planned) and means of control (via the hierarchy or via rules embedded in a collective mind).
Modern innovation management theory and the evolving US lighting industry
Authors: Unger Darian 
Published: December 2010

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to use a series of disruptive innovations in the 150‐year history of the US lighting industry to test whether two key innovation management theories retain their explanatory power as market structures change.Design/methodology/approachHistorical case studies of four successive disruptive lighting innovations are used: incandescent light bulbs, fluorescent light bulbs, compact fluorescent light bulbs (CFBs) and light emitting diodes (LEDs). Descriptions of each innovation include the new technologies, the evolving market structures, and how the innovating companies managed their risks during the transitions.FindingsThis paper finds that two contemporary theories on absorptive capacity and disruptive innovations retain validity and remain broadly applicable even as market structures change overtime from oligopoly and cartel to free market competition.Originality/valueBy juxtaposing historic incandescent and fluorescent bulb innovations in constrained market conditions with modern CFB and LED innovations in free market conditions, this paper expands understanding of the lighting history to include the past two decades. It also expands the applicability of innovation theories by showing that they apply to various and changing market structures.
Quality strategy for transformation: a case study
Authors: Breja S.K. , Banwet D.K. , Iyer K.C. 
Published: December 2010

PurposeThis paper aims to address the issue of sustainability of excellence in today's turbulent environment and evaluates the effectiveness (to achieve objectives) of quality strategy in a DAP‐winning company.Design/methodology/approachA face‐to‐face interview and a literature review were carried out in a case study mode.FindingsThe paper finds that total quality management (TQM) implemented in the Deming Application Prize (DAP) framework has a positive effect on business performance. To sustain excellence, it is important to maintain strategic focus, match strategic options with aspirations, link the human resource mission with the company vision, and work for transformation.Research limitations/implicationsInformation provided/reported by the case company is fully relied upon and the required data are extracted.Originality/valueWorking definitions of TQM and business excellence are presented and the issue of “transformation” is explored. The study adopts creative approach for identifying critical success factors, discovers the possibility of including “flexibility” as the fifth angle in DAP examination, and proposes a framework for further research.
Business excellence models and the path ahead …
Authors: Talwar Balvir 
Published: December 2010

PurposeQuality research has paved the way for the evolution of several business excellence models/national quality awards (BEMs/NQAs). This paper aims to review the evolution of BEMs/NQAs and takes a comparative view on these models. It also throws some light on the emerging scenario.Design/methodology/approachThis study is based on information gathered through an extensive literature review using print media and research databases like Emerald, EBSCO and Pro‐Quest. Discussions with experts helped in reviewing the effectiveness of BEMs and visualising the emerging scenario.FindingsA paradigm shift has been witnessed in the understanding of quality. Although MBNQA, EFQM and the Deming Prize are the three globally accepted major BEMs, some unique models are also emerging. The paper identifies 100 BEMs/NQAs being used across the world. They are subject to changes according to the evolution of the external environment and are considered a contemporary way to attain excellence. The benefits and limitations of BEMs are identified. BEMs need to be fine‐tuned by incorporating lessons from ancient teachings to attain “sustained business results”.Research limitations/implicationsAlthough this paper identifies 100 BEMs/NQAs, the author has limited access to the details of these models. While details of some NQAs are available on the web in the native languages of their respective countries, many BEMs/NQAs have limited information in the public domain. Further to this, rapid changes in BEMs/NQAs in line with the evolution of the external environment makes this study even more difficult. Future research may attempt to overcome some of these limitations.Practical implicationsThe study is expected to help in reviewing national business excellence strategies. The effectiveness of BEMs/NQAs needs to be examined empirically for sustained results. Ancient teachings provide the clues for sustainable growth.Originality/valueThis paper is based on literature review and interaction with experts. The paper provides a worldwide analysis of BEMs/NQAs and suggests a few emerging dimensions of excellence.
TQM success factors in North Indian manufacturing and service industries
Authors: Kumar Raj , Garg Dixit , Garg T.K. 
Published: December 2010

PurposeTotal quality management (TQM) is a modern management philosophy and a journey, not a destination. TQM is a systematic management approach to meet the competitive and technological challenges which has been accepted by both service and manufacturing organizations globally. It defines the quality with emphasis on top management commitment and customer satisfaction. It focuses on attaining and maintaining impeccable quality in manufacturing as well as services, by improving the performance of products, processes and services to satisfy customers' expectations. Manufacturing and service industries recognize TQM differently. The purpose of this study is to find the benefits of TQM, shortcomings of TQM and significant difference, if any in the understanding of seven success factors of TQM in manufacturing and service industries of North India.Design/methodology/approachSuccess factors have been identified with a critical literature review and a survey approach has been used to collect relevant data from manufacturing and service industries. In total, 30 manufacturing industries and 30 service industries from North India were chosen for study, whom and all respondedFindingsThe paper finds that success factors have different rankings in manufacturing and service industries, but both sectors comprehend that implementation of TQM success factors is very important. The results also verified were by rejection of the null hypotheses.Originality/valueThe paper can be useful for those manufacturing and service industries which are in the starting phase of TQM implementation.
Practices of robust design methodology in practice
Authors: Gremyr Ida , Hasenkamp Torben 
Published: December 2010

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate whether a design of experiments application in a company that works with robust design management (RDM) reflects the principles and practices of RDM.Design/methodology/approachThe findings of this paper are based on an empirical study of a medium‐sized Swedish enterprise that develops and manufactures consumer products for domestic use and actively uses RDM. The study is comprised of an analysis of internal company documents, semi‐structured interviews and e‐mail correspondence.FindingsThe study reveals a gap between principles and tool use; a feasible tool is applied but in a suboptimal mode with a low contribution in terms of increased robustness. This gap could be bridged by practices that describe, on an activity‐based level, what needs to be done in order to fulfil the principles.Originality/valueThe results of this case explain the difficulties that companies face when trying to introduce RDM. It also provides insights into RDM implementation work at the company in question.