bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An Effect of Chromium on Mechanical Properties of the Ni3Al-Based Alloys and Sinters in Compression Tests
Authors: Malec W. , Rzyman K. , Czepelak M. , Wala A. 
Published: January 2012

An Effect of Chromium on Mechanical Properties of the Ni3Al-Based Alloys and Sinters in Compression TestsMechanical properties of the Ni75Al(25-x)Crx cast alloys and sinters were investigated using compression tests conducted within a wide range of compositions and temperature. The alloys and sinters exhibiting the best mechanical properties from a point of view of their intended use as constructional materials suitable for high-temperature applications were selected.
Structural Investigations and Determination of Current and Voltage Characteristics in Htsc 2G SF12050 Tapes
Authors: Jędryka J. , Szota M. , Nabiałek M. 
Published: January 2012

Structural Investigations and Determination of Current and Voltage Characteristics in Htsc 2G SF12050 TapesInvestigations of a state-of-the art high-temperature ceramic superconducting tape of SF 12050 series are presented. The study focuses on current and voltage characteristics, examination of microstructure and analysis of chemical composition in superconducting tapes of SF series. In order to measure current parameters, a measuring system was designed to investigate sections of the tapes at the temperature of liquid nitrogen. The system is powered with direct current with parameters I= 0 ÷ 580A and U= 0 ÷ 8V. Measurements of critical current were taken by means of determination of the decline in voltage along the measurement section for the tape with accuracy of 1nV. Analysis of chemical composition was carried out using scanning microscope which features chemical composition microanalyser EDX. The paper presents microscope images which are a result of examination of the structures by means of light microscope and scanning microscope. The method of preparation of superconducting tapes for soldering and the method of selection of solder were also presented.
Technology, Physical Properties and Phase Transitions in PMN-PT-PS Ceramics
Authors: Skulski R. , Bochenek D. , Wawrzała P. 
Published: January 2012

Technology, Physical Properties and Phase Transitions in PMN-PT-PS CeramicsSolid solution of (1-y)[(1-x)Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3-xPbTiO3]-yPbSnO3(PMN-PT-PS) investigated in this paper is based on (1-x)PMN-xPT (PMN-PT) where, with increasingx, the transition from relaxor to ferroelectric properties is observed depending on composition. PMN-PT ceramics with 0.25<x<0.4 has been obtained using sol-gel method and next mixed together with PS ceramics obtained from oxides. Final sintering of ceramic samples was pressureless. We present the results of microstructure and XRD investigations, dielectric permittivity and hysteresis loops measurements vs. temperature.
Ceramic Nanomaterials Based on the Barium and Titanium Compounds, Prepared by the Sol - Gel Method, for Elecrotechnical Applications
Authors: Kogut K. , Zboromirska-Wnukiewicz B. , Kasprzyk K. 
Published: January 2012

Ceramic Nanomaterials Based on the Barium and Titanium Compounds, Prepared by the Sol - Gel Method, for Elecrotechnical Applications
This paper describes the sol - gel method barium and titanium compounds materials obtaining, which their physicochemical parameters could be competitive with the materials obtained by classic methods. Additionally dielectric thin layers was obtained with the use of spin and dip coaters. Based on selected precursor elements which form appropriate crystal net, the capacitance construction was created. Dielectric in this contraction was a barium titanate with high electrical permittivity and small grain size. The optimal dry, calcinations and sintering temperature of the dielectric with base was determined. On that capacitor the microscopic analysis with the use of scanning electron microscope (SEM) was carried out. The thickness of the dielectric layer and electrical parameters use by impedance analyzer Solatron SI 1260 was carried out. The capacitance, dielectric loss and electrical permittivity was carried out, cooperative influence of the frequency and temperature on the measurements was determined. The best results had a samples sintered in the 1000°C. The electrical permittivity for measurements in few Hertz for the samples with the base of nickel and BaTiO3 layer coated by spin and dip coaters, in the room temperature and measurements for few Hertz, amount to 4700. The electrical capacity for low frequency was about 3,2·10-8F.
Application of Water-Thinnable Photopolymerizable Resin for Shaping of Microreactors - Preliminary Results
Authors: Falkowski P. , Elert P. 
Published: January 2012

Application of Water-Thinnable Photopolymerizable Resin for Shaping of Microreactors - Preliminary ResultsThe article presents the preliminary research on application of synthesized water-thinnable polyester resin for shaping of ceramic element by photopolymerization. The ceramic pastes made of alumina (30 vol%) and photocurable resins were used to prepare thin layers (tapes) and then were exposed to UV radiations. The cure depth and König hardness of cured layers were determined as well as the effect of a photoinitiator concentration on polymerization. The density of sintered ceramic samples also were examined. The research showed that the developed pastes with water-thinnable resin might be used to mold the ceramic elements by soft lithography method. The results obtained for polyester resin were compared with results obtained for commercially available photocurable resin.
Porous Ceramic Materials for Virus Filtration
Authors: Zalewska M. , Bobryk E. , Pędzikiewicz A. , Szafran M. 
Published: January 2012

Porous Ceramic Materials for Virus Filtration
The purpose of this study was to design and examine porous ceramic materials on the basis of diatomaceous earth, as well as carrying out preliminary model researches of the purification of drinking water. The conditions, parameters and methods of production of the ceramic samples have been selected on experimental way, in order to characterize them by suitable porosity and tensile strength. The authors have searched such porous ceramic materials, which exhibit positive charge, in contrast to viruses, which have a negative surface charge in pH o drinking water.
A new family of Coreoidea from the Lower Cretaceous Lebanese Amber (Hemiptera: Pentatomomorpha)
Authors: Azar Dany , Nel André , Engel Michael , Garrouste Romain , Matocq Armand 
Published: January 2012

A new family of Coreoidea from the Lower Cretaceous Lebanese Amber (Hemiptera: Pentatomomorpha)A new genus and species,Yuripopovina magnifica, belonging to a new coreoid family, Yuripopovinidae (Hemiptera: Pentatomomorpha), is described and illustrated from the Lower Cretaceous amber of Lebanon. The species represents the first definitive Mesozoic record for the Coreoidea. A cladistic analysis of Coreoidea, including the new family, is undertaken.
First record of the genus Ipsvicia (Hemiptera: Ipsviciidae) outside Gondwana - an Australian genus from the Upper Triassic of Germany
Authors: Barth Gregor , Ansorge Jörg , Brauckmann Carsten 
Published: January 2012

First record of the genusIpsvicia(Hemiptera: Ipsviciidae) outside Gondwana - an Australian genus from the Upper Triassic of GermanyIpsvicia langenbergensissp. n. (Hemiptera: Ipsviciidae) from the Upper Norian (Upper Triassic) deposits of the Langenberg near Seinstedt, Lower Saxony (Germany) is described and illustrated. This is the first definite record of the genusIpsviciaTillyard, 1919 outside Gondwana. The stratigraphy and palaeoenvironment of the Langenberg and the nearby Fuchsberg localities are briefly discussed.
Yuripopoverus africanus gen. et sp. n. from East African copal (Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha: Ricaniidae)
Authors: Stroiński Adam , Szwedo Jacek 
Published: January 2012

Yuripopoverus africanus gen. et sp. n. from East African copal (Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha: Ricaniidae)
A new genus and species of the planthopper family Ricaniidae Yuripopoverus africanus gen. et sp. n. is described and illustrated on the basis of an inclusion in East African copal.
First record of the plant bug subfamily Psallopinae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera, Miridae) from Dominican amber, with a description of a new species of the genus Psallops Usinger, 1946
Authors: Herczek Aleksander 
Published: January 2012

First record of the plant bug subfamily Psallopinae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera, Miridae) from Dominican amber, with a description of a new species of the genus Psallops Usinger, 1946
The plant bug subfamily Psallopinae SCHUH 1976 is reported from Dominican amber for the first time. Psallops popovi Herczek sp. n. is described, illustrated and interpreted.
A new fossil mosquito, with notes on the morphology and taxonomy of other species reported from Eocene Baltic amber (Diptera: Culicidae)
Authors: Szadziewski Ryszard , Giłka Wojciech 
Published: January 2012

A new fossil mosquito, with notes on the morphology and taxonomy of other species reported from Eocene Baltic amber (Diptera: Culicidae)
Males of Culiseta gedanica sp. n. and Culex erikae Szadziewski & Szadziewska, 1985 are described, and an incomplete male of Coquillettidia is reported from Baltic amber for the first time. Aedes perkunas Podenas, 1999 is recognized as a junior synonym of Culex erikae, syn. n.Aedes serafini Szadziewski, 1998 is transferred to the genus Ochlerotatus, comb. n. Mosquitoes are rare fossils in Baltic amber. They represent six species of extant genera with a worldwide distribution: Culiseta, Ochlerotatus, Coquillettidia, Culex and Aedes. A key to the identification of males is also provided.
Clinical Decision Making in Exercise Prescription for Fall Prevention
Authors: Haas Romi , Maloney Stephen , Pausenberger Eva , Keating Jennifer L. , Sims Jane , Molloy Elizabeth , Jolly Brian , Morgan Prue , Haines Terry 
Published: January 2012

Background
Physical therapists often prescribe exercises for fall prevention. Understanding the factors influencing the clinical decision-making processes used by expert physical therapists working in specialist fall and balance clinics may assist other therapists in prescribing exercises for fall prevention with greater efficacy.

Objectives
The objective of this study was to describe the factors influencing the clinical decision-making processes used by expert physical therapists to prescribe exercises for fall prevention.

Design
This investigation was a qualitative study from a phenomenological perspective.

Methods
Semistructured telephone interviews were conducted with 24 expert physical therapists recruited primarily from the Victorian Falls Clinic Coalition. Interviews focused on 3 exercise prescription contexts: face-to-face individual therapy, group exercise programs, and home exercise programs. Interviews elicited information about therapist practices and the therapist, patient, and environmental factors influencing the clinical decision-making processes for the selection of exercise setting, type, dosage (intensity, quantity, rest periods, duration, and frequency), and progression. Strategies for promoting adherence and safety were also discussed. Data were analyzed with a framework approach by 3 investigators.

Results
Participants described highly individualized exercise prescription approaches tailored to address key findings from physical assessments. Dissonance between prescribing a program that was theoretically correct on the basis of physiological considerations and prescribing one that a client would adhere to was evident. Safety considerations also were highly influential on the exercise type and setting prescribed. Terminology for describing the intensity of balance exercises was vague relative to terminology for describing the intensity of strength exercises.

Conclusions
Physical therapists with expertise in fall prevention adopted an individualized approach to exercise prescription that was based on physical assessment findings rather than “off-the-shelf” exercise programs commonly used in fall prevention research. Training programs for people who prescribe exercises for older adults at risk of falling should encompass these findings.
Changes in Body Weight After Total Hip Arthroplasty: Short-term and Long-term Effects
Authors: Paans Nienke , Stevens Martin , Wagenmakers Robert , van Beveren Jan , van der Meer Klaas , Bulstra Sjoerd K. , van den Akker-Scheek Inge 
Published: January 2012

Background
Elevated body weight is associated with hip osteoarthritis (OA) and subsequently with total hip arthroplasty (THA). Patients with hip OA who are overweight often mention their restricted mobility as a factor that thwarts their attempts to be physically active and lose weight. There is some evidence that THA increases physical activity, but none for losing body weight after THA.

Objective
The purpose of this study was to analyze the short-term (1-year) and long-term (4.5-year) effects of a THA on body weight.

Design
This was an observational, multicenter cohort study.

Methods
For the short-term effect, all patients (N=618) were analyzed; for the long-term effect, a random subgroup (n=100) was analyzed. Preoperative and postoperative body weight and height were self-reported. Patients were categorized according to their preoperative body mass index (BMI &lt;25 kg/m2=normal weight, 25–30 kg/m2=overweight, &gt;30 kg/m2=obese). Clinical relevancy was set at a minimum of 5% weight loss compared with baseline.

Results
The mean age of the study group was 70 years (SD=8), 74% were women, and mean preoperative body mass was 79 kg (SD=14). One year after THA, a significant decrease in body weight of 1% and 3.4% occurred for the overweight and obese BMI categories, respectively. After 4.5 years, a significant decrease in body weight of 6.4% occurred for the obese BMI category.

Limitations
Height and weight—and thus BMI—were self-reported.

Conclusion
Patients in the overweight and obese groups showed a decrease, albeit not clinically relevant, in body weight after 1 year. After 4.5 years, a decrease that was relevant clinically was observed in the patients who were obese. It can be concluded that no clinically relevant reduction of weight occurred after THA, except in the long term for patients who were obese.
Use of Visual and Proprioceptive Feedback to Improve Gait Speed and Spatiotemporal Symmetry Following Chronic Stroke: A Case Series
Authors: Lewek Michael D. , Feasel Jeff , Wentz Erin , Brooks Frederick P. , Whitton Mary C. 
Published: January 2012

Background and Purpose
Persistent deficits in gait speed and spatiotemporal symmetry are prevalent following stroke and can limit the achievement of community mobility goals. Rehabilitation can improve gait speed, but has shown limited ability to improve spatiotemporal symmetry. The incorporation of combined visual and proprioceptive feedback regarding spatiotemporal symmetry has the potential to be effective at improving gait.

Case Description
A 60-year-old man (18 months poststroke) and a 53-year-old woman (21 months poststroke) each participated in gait training to improve gait speed and spatiotemporal symmetry. Each patient performed 18 sessions (6 weeks) of combined treadmill-based gait training followed by overground practice. To assist with relearning spatiotemporal symmetry, treadmill-based training for both patients was augmented with continuous, real-time visual and proprioceptive feedback from an immersive virtual environment and a dual belt treadmill, respectively.

Outcomes
Both patients improved gait speed (patient 1: 0.35 m/s improvement; patient 2: 0.26 m/s improvement) and spatiotemporal symmetry. Patient 1, who trained with step-length symmetry feedback, improved his step-length symmetry ratio, but not his stance-time symmetry ratio. Patient 2, who trained with stance-time symmetry feedback, improved her stance-time symmetry ratio. She had no step-length asymmetry before training.

Discussion
Both patients made improvements in gait speed and spatiotemporal symmetry that exceeded those reported in the literature. Further work is needed to ascertain the role of combined visual and proprioceptive feedback for improving gait speed and spatiotemporal symmetry after chronic stroke.
2-Deoxy d-Glucose Prevents Cell Surface Expression of NKG2D Ligands through Inhibition of N-Linked Glycosylation
Authors: Andresen Lars , Skovbakke Sarah Line , Persson Gry , Hagemann-Jensen Michael , Hansen Karen Aagaard , Jensen Helle , Skov Søren 
Published: January 2012

Abstract
NKG2D ligand surface expression is important for immune recognition of stressed and neotransformed cells. In this study, we show that surface expression of MICA/B and other NKG2D ligands is dependent on N-linked glycosylation. The inhibitor of glycolysis and N-linked glycosylation, 2-deoxy-d-glucose (2DG), potently inhibited surface expression of MICA/B after histone deacetylase inhibitor treatment; the inhibition occurred posttranscriptionally without affecting MICA promoter activity. Transient overexpression of MICA surface expression was also inhibited by 2DG. 2DG blocks N-linked glycosylation of MICA/B by a reversible mechanism that can be alleviated by addition of d-mannose; this does not, however, affect the inhibition of glycolysis. Addition of d-mannose restored MICA/B surface expression after 2DG treatment. In addition, specific pharmacological or small interfering RNA-mediated targeting of glycolytic enzymes did not affect MICA/B surface expression, strongly suggesting that N-linked glycosylation, and not glycolysis, is essential for MICA/B surface expression. Corroborating this, tunicamycin, a selective inhibitor of N-linked glycosylation, abolished MICA/B surface expression without compromising activation of MICA promoter activity. NK cell-mediated killing assay and staining with a recombinant NKG2D–Fc fusion protein showed that all functional NKG2D ligands induced by histone deacetylase inhibitor treatment were abolished by 2DG treatment and fully reconstituted by further addition of d-mannose. Our data suggest that posttranslational N-linked glycosylation is strictly required for NKG2D ligand surface expression. Cancer and infection often result in aberrant glycosylation, which could likely be involved in modulation of NKG2D ligand expression. Our data further imply that chemotherapeutic use of 2DG may restrict NKG2D ligand surface expression and inhibit secretion of immunoinhibitory soluble NKG2D ligands.
Early use of Brachial-Basilic Arteriovenous Fistula
Authors: Matsumoto Harunobu , Yamamoto Eisuke , Kamiya Chiaki , Miura Emi , Kitaoka Tadashi , Suzuki Jun , Deguchi Juno , Ogawa Tomonari , Matsuda Akihiko , Sato Osamu 
Published: January 2012

Purpose The aim of this study was to evaluate the long-term patency rate and complications associated with the use of the BBAVF in the early period. Methods The records of all patients undergoing BBAVFs for hemodialysis access between June 2001 and June 2011 were retrospectively evaluated. We allowed the use of the BBAVF beginning two weeks after the fistula creation. The primary and secondary patencies were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method. Results A total of 44 BBAVFs were created for 41 patients. Most (73.2%) of the patients had previously been on hemodialysis. A previous history of AVG creation was noted in 36.6% and previous insertion of a catheter was reported for 72.7% of the patients, respectively. The mean time to the first cannulation of the BBAVF was 18.8 days (13–42 days). In two cases, the BBAVFs were not used. Postoperative complications were noted in 2 cases, and included prolonged arm edema and thrombosis. There was no infection of the wound or steal syndrome. The primary and secondary patency rates were 68.1% and 84.2% at 1 year, 55.0% and 80.7% at 2 years, and 38.1% and 70.1% at 5 years, respectively. Conclusions In this study, the patency rates following the early use of the BBAVFs were not inferior to the previously reported patency rates in the literature. In cases where the patients already have an inserted central catheter, the early use of the BBAVFs decreases the complications associated with catheters.
Artifact versus reality—How astrocytes contribute to synaptic events
Authors: Nedergaard Maiken , Verkhratsky Alexei 
Published: January 2012

AbstractThe neuronal doctrine, developed a century ago regards neuronal networks as the sole substrate of higher brain function. Recent advances in glial physiology have promoted an alternative hypothesis, which places information processing in the brain into integrated neuronal‐glial networks utilizing both binary (neuronal action potentials) and analogue (diffusional propagation of second messengers/metabolites through gap junctions or transmitters through the interstitial space) signal encoding. It has been proposed that the feed‐forward and feed‐back communication between these two types of neural cells, which underlies information transfer and processing, is accomplished by the release of neurotransmitters from neuronal terminals as well as from astroglial processes. Understanding of this subject, however, remains incomplete and important questions and controversies require resolution. Here we propose that the primary function of perisynaptic glial processes is to create an “astroglial cradle” that shields the synapse from a multitude of extrasynaptic signaling events and provides for multifaceted support and long‐term plasticity of synaptic contacts through variety of mechanisms, which may not necessarily involve the release of “glio” transmitters. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Assessment of enveloping distribution sampling to calculate relative free enthalpies of binding for eight netropsin–DNA duplex complexes in aqueous solution
Authors: Hansen Niels , Dolenc Jožica , Knecht Matthias , Riniker Sereina , van Gunsteren Wilfred F. 
Published: January 2012

AbstractThe performance of enveloping distribution sampling (EDS) simulations to estimate free enthalpy differences associated with seven alchemical transformations of A‐T into G‐C base pairs at the netropsin binding site in the minor groove of a 13‐base pair DNA duplex in aqueous solution is evaluated. It is demonstrated that sufficient sampling can be achieved with a two‐state EDS Hamiltonian even for large perturbations such as the simultaneous transformation of up to three A‐T into three G‐C base pairs. The two parameters required to define the EDS reference state Hamiltonian are obtained automatically using a modified version of a scheme presented in earlier work. The sensitivity of the configurational sampling to a variation of these parameters is investigated in detail. Although for relatively small perturbations, that is, one base pair, the free enthalpy estimate depends only weakly on the EDS parameters, the sensitivity is stronger for the largest perturbation. Yet, EDS offers various convenient measures to evaluate the degree of sampling and thus the reliability of the free enthalpy estimate and appears to be an efficient alternative to the conventional thermodynamic integration methodology to obtain free energy differences for molecular systems. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Chem, 2012
Lennard‐Jones parameters for small diameter carbon nanotubes and water for molecular mechanics simulations from van der Waals density functional calculations
Authors: Kaukonen M. , Gulans A. , Havu P. , Kauppinen E. 
Published: January 2012

AbstractLennard‐Jones (LJ) parameters are derived for classical nonpolarizable force fields for carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and for CNT–water interaction from van der Waals (vdW) enhanced density functional calculations. The new LJ parameters for carbon–carbon interactions are of the same order as those previously used in the literature but differ significantly for CNT–water interactions. This may partially originate from the fact that in addition to pure vdW interactions the polarization and other quantum mechanics effects are embedded into the LJ‐potential. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Chem, 2012