bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preparation and Characterization of Polyurethane/Polysulfide Miscible Blend Nanocomposites
Authors: Guchhait P. K. , Rahaman M. , Nayak L. , Chaki T. K. 
Published: August 2012

Abstract
Novel elastomeric miscible blend nanocomposites have been prepared by co-reacting isocyanate terminated liquid polyurethane pre-polymer with thiol terminated polysulfide together with chain extender, modified organic nanoclay, and curator. The studies report the influence of nanoclay loading on the morphology, mechanical and thermal properties of the nanocomposites. The morphology and state of dispersion of nanoclays in the nanocomposites were studied by high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). It was seen that nanoclay particles were well dispersed in the blend at 1, 3, and 5 wt.% nanoclay loadings. The reactive miscibility of blend was confirmed by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The effect of clay loading on thermal stability of polysulfide PS/IPU blend and their nanocomposites was studied by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). It was observed that thermal stability of nanocomposite progressively increased with increase in nanoclay loading. However, about 123% increment in adhesive strength, 78% increment in tensile strength were observed at 3 wt.% clay loaded nanocomposite when compared to control blend. This enhancement in thermal, adhesion and mechanical properties demonstrate that the resulting nanocomposites can be tailored as novel adhesive and coating materials for aerospace application.
An Investigation on Usage of Sodium Borohydride and Zinc Oxide as Oxygen Scavengers in Polyethylene Terephthalate Films
Authors: Özen İ. 
Published: August 2012

Abstract
The aim of this work is the production and characterisation of a plastic film having active oxygen barrier properties. The films have been obtained by adding an oxygen scavenger (either sodium borohydride (NaBH4) or zinc oxide (ZnO)) into a polyethylene terephthalate (PET) matrix during the extrusion process. In order to investigate the activity of the scavengers used, the produced films have been subjected to permeability measurements. It was revealed that NaBH4 – though a strong reductive agent – didn't cause any degradation in matrix polymer but served as an ineffective oxygen scavenger as in the case of ZnO.
Variability and Trend of Seasonal Climatic Variables in Dinajpur District
Authors: Syeda JA 
Published: August 2012

An attempt was made to investigate the seasonal (three crop seasons) trend and variability of 20 climatic variables of Dinajpur district for 1948-2004. The variety of Exploratory Data Analyses (EDA) tools and different robust and nonrobust measures are used for the analyses. The rates of total rainfall are observed positive for all the three seasons but the residuals are nonormal and/or nonstationary. The rates were found significant positive for average dry bulb temperature (+0.00655°Cyr-1) but negative for total frequency of zero rainfall (-0.0846daysyr-1) during Kharif season and significant positive for average minimum temperature(+0.0175°Cyr-1) but negative for range temperature (-0.0456°Cyr-1 ) and maximum temperature (-0.0281°Cyr-1) during Rabi season. Historical climatic data needs exploratory analysis and warrants tougher justification in classical analyses for outlier and residuals nonnormality and nonstationarity. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jesnr.v5i1.11549 J. Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources, 5(1): 19  28, 2012
Influence of Commercially Available Organic vs Inorganic Fertilizers on Growth Yield and Quality of Carrot
Authors: Zakir HM , Sultana MN , Saha KC 
Published: August 2012

An experiment was conducted at the Horticulture Farm, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh to evaluate the response of Biomeal, a commercial organic fertilizer in combination with inorganic fertilizers on growth, yield and quality named of carrot. The maximum gross yield (29.27 t ha-1) of carrot was obtained from T4 treatment [recommended dose of inorganic fertilizers (RDIF) + ½ recommended dose of Biomeal (RDB)], while the second lowest gross yield (18.73 t ha-1) was recorded in alone RDB treatment. Carrot plants treated with RDIF showed the highest values for fresh weight of individual root (67.13 g), marketable yield (18.74 t ha-1), shoot length (47.87 cm), individual root diameter (10.91 mm) and nitrogen content in carrot (2.48%). Among the biochemical properties, the maximum amount of reducing sugar and total sugar (5.15 and 10.51%, respectively) were obtained from T7 treatment (RDIF + RDB). In context of carotene, the highest amount (4.92%) was found in T4 treatment (RDIF + ½ RDB). Considering major nutrients and biochemical properties of carrot, it can be inferred that Biomeal alone is not sufficient enough but it has positive influence when it is applied in combination with inorganic fertilizers. The study also revealed that there was no significant contribution of Biomeal to increase organic carbon, N, P, S and Ca content in post harvest soils. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jesnr.v5i1.11551 J. Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources, 5(1): 39 - 45, 2012
Investigation on Fish Marketing Pattern in Mymensingh
Authors: Goon PK , Chandra KJ , Sultana N 
Published: August 2012

An investigation was carried out on fish marketing system of Mymensingh town to find out different marketing channels, fish trading, marketing cost and margins of fish at different levels. The investigation was conducted from October, 2010 to September, 2011 in sixteen markets of Mymensingh town. In Mymensingh town a large number of people were involved in the fish marketing channel as bepari, aratdar, paiker and retailer. Paiker and bepari bought fish from producer and finally sold fish to retailer through aratdar. In the study area it was estimated that total marketing cost of fish for aratdar was Tk. 1.32, paiker, Tk. 6.05, and retailer, Tk. 1.83 per kg of fish. Cost item of fish for different intermediaries was Tk. 10.49 total. The highest marketing costs (Tk. 6.05) were for paiker because they had paid higher aratdari commission and higher transportation cost. Average Net profit was Tk. 3.19 for paikers at peak period and Tk. 3.36 at lean period, for aratdars Tk. 1.60 at peak period and Tk. 1.75 lean period and for retailers Tk. 5.06 at peak period and Tk. 6.24 at lean period per kg of fish. Ilish (Tenualosa ilisha) had high demand to consumers and available in the market with approximate price of Tk. 250 to Tk. 300 per piece DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jesnr.v5i1.11554 J. Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources, 5(1): 61-68, 2012
Analysis of the Proximate Composition of Domesticated Stock of Pangas (Pangasianodon hypophthalmus) in Laboratory Condition
Authors: Begum M , Akter T , Minar MH 
Published: August 2012

A study was undertaken to determine the proximate composition of aquarium reared pangus (Pangasianodon hypophthalmus) fish. Fresh aquarium pangas fish were used during the whole experiment and the fishes were under identical rearing conditions from fingerling till adult. The proximate biochemical composition of domesticated stock of raw pangas muscles were determined through determination of moisture, Protein, Fat and Ash of the edible portion. And the results indicates the moisture, protein, fat and ash percentage (%) were 78.29 ±0.22, 12.78 ±0.16, 16.55 ± 1.52 and 1.78 ±0.19, respectively. Therefore, this fish can play a significant role to fulfill the nutrient demand of the people in Bangladesh. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jesnr.v5i1.11555 Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources, 5(1): 69-74, 2012
Impact of Seed Transmission of Bipolaris sorokiniana on the Planting Value of Wheat Seeds
Authors: Sultana A , Rashid AQMB 
Published: August 2012

An experiment was conducted in vitro to determine the planting value of wheat seeds as affected by Bipolaris sorokiniana. The wheat seed samples were tested in blotter method and impairment caused by B. sorokiniana was recorded after sprouting of the seeds. During the germination of wheat seeds the pathogen transmitted from seed to plant and caused germination failure, coleoptile infection and root infection. Significantly, the highest transmission of the pathogen caused germination failure in the sample S2 (64.3%). The coleoptile infection was recorded in the sample S3 (9.5%) followed by S2 (5.4%) and S1 (2.4%) respectively. The pathogen was recorded to be transmitted from seed to the coleorhizae giving rise to significantly the highest infection in S3 (2.6%) followed by S2 (2.3%) and S1(2.1%) respectively in blotter. Regression between prevalence of the pathogen and germination failure along with the coleoptiles and coleorhizae infection indicated the increasing trend of deteriorating planting value of the seed with the increasing rate of transmission of the pathogen from seed to germinating seed and seedlings. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jesnr.v5i1.11556 J. Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources, 5(1): 75- 78, 2012
Effects of Spirulina in Lead Induced Toxicities in Long Evans Rats
Authors: Rahman MA , Moitry NF , Alam M , Yasmin Z , Debnath D , Mostofa M 
Published: August 2012

The effect of spirulina in lead induce toxicity was conducted on 20 adult rats (Long Evans). Rats were randomly divided into four equal groups and subjected to treatments once daily for a period of 4 weeks. Rats treated with lead acetate showed severe toxic and significantly reduced erythrocytes count, hemoglobin content and significantly elevated SGPT, SGOT and ALP. Rats treated with lead acetate plus spirulina in two doses, 1500 mg/kg and 2000 mg/kg b.wt. were apparently normal. There hematological and biochemical parameters were not altered significantly. This experiment revealed that treatment with spirulina was effective in lead-induced toxicity and to restore altered values of hematological and biochemical parameters DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jesnr.v5i1.11557 J. Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources, 5(1): 79 - 82, 2012
Hospital Waste Management in Tangail Municipality
Authors: Mia MY , Ali MA , Rahman MA , Naznin L , Hossain MU 
Published: August 2012

An investigation was conducted on hospital waste management in Tangail Municipality and its impact on human health. Data was collected through questionnaire interview from local residents, superintendents, nurses, observation and secondary sources. The results revealed that wastes are collected every alternative day and though sometime in irregular basis. Hospital wastes causes different health hazards like bad smell, infestation of animals, diarrhoea, skin diseases etc. due to irregular collection, unsafe handling, disposal, storage, transportation and finally dumped with municipal wastes. For knowing health impacts, among 110 general respondents 63% was affected, and 50 respondents who were associated with medical waste handling including nurse, pickers, workers, etc. in which more than 90% were affected one or more diseases due to improper management and imposed of hospital wastes. Shortage of dustbin is common in every hospitals and clinics in Tangail Municipality. The study also revealed that 1000-1500kg wastes were generated per day in Tangail Municipal area in which 19.23% infectious and 80.77% noninfectious. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jesnr.v5i1.11566 J. Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources, 5(1): 121 - 127, 2012
Seed Germination and Seedling Growth of Two Vegetables in Responses to Aqueous Extract of Four Herbal Plant Leaves
Authors: Roy B , Sarker BC , Ali MR , Das SR , Sayed MAS 
Published: August 2012

An experiment was conducted on aqueous extracts of leaves of some herbal plants viz., Beleric myrobalan; bohera (Terminalia belirica), Chebulic myrobalan; horitoki (Terminalia chebula), Sweet basil; tulsi (Ocimum gratissmum) and arjunaa myrobalan; arjun (Terminalia arjuna) for investigating the presence of biologically active substance. The seeds of two vegetable crops such as, swamp cabbage (Impoea aquatica) and okra (Hibiscus esculentus) were tested for germination and seedling growth treating with aqueous extract of four herbal plant leaves. The chemical investigation on effective plant extract was also attempted. The aqueous extract of bohera leaves increased germination of seeds tested and enhanced the growth of shoot length and root length of swamp cabbage (Impoea aquatica) and okra (Hibiscus esculentus) whereas the aqueous extract of horitoki significantly reduced and delayed germination, growth of shoot length and root length of swamp cabbage seeds compared with control; water. The maximum germination was in okra and swamp cabbage seeds within 5 and 4.8 days respectively, treated with the leaves extract of bohera. Shoot lengths were 16.2 and 16.43 cm and root length were 8.74 and 8.91 cm for okra and swamp cabbage seedlings, respectively. The aqueous extract of horitoki showed the lowest rate and late germination at 6 and 5.8 days and minimum shoot lengths were 13.13 and 13.36 cm, and root lengths were 5.91 and 6.08 cm for okra and swamp cabbage seedlings, respectively. The thin layer chromatography (TLC) examination of chloroform extract of bohera leaves showed four distinct compounds at Hexane: Ethyl acetate (3:1, v/v) while horitoki leaves showed three distinct compounds at Hexane: Ethyl acetate (5:1, v/v). DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jesnr.v5i1.11569 J. Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources, 5(1): 141-150, 2012
Prospects and Constraints of Madhupur National Park Management
Authors: Mia MY , Hossain MU , Farzana S 
Published: August 2012

The study was conducted in Madhupur National Park (MNP), which is very well known for its characteristics as deciduous forest. This study examined the constraints of park management, causes of deforestation and prospects of Madhupur Sal forests of Bangladesh. Data were collected from the Madhupur National Park authority and a study was done to have clear scenario of the park management and status of forest over time. It is evident from the study that due to various factors like anthropogenic disturbances, political abusement, absence of proper rules and regulations, willingless of the authority, encroachment of forest by locals/local leaders, illegal cutting of Sal trees, agro-forestry, and lack of adequate budget are main constraints for managing MNP. The study also revealed that about 1-3% of the forest is depleted each year, and about 50-80 years later, the forest will be completely vanished or scattered in somewhere. However, MNP will be a sustainable reserve forest for Sal trees and other flora and fauna, and also be a potential ecotourism spot, if it is properly managed. Findings of the study will help to identify the prospects and constraints of MNP and also in other National Parks in Bangladesh which ultimately conserve the biodiversity and help to maintain natural balance. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jesnr.v5i1.11570 J. Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources, 5(1): 151 - 158, 2012
Microbiological Quality and Antibiogram of E. coli, Salmonella and Vibrio of Salad and Water from Restaurants of Chittagong
Authors: Nawas T , Mazumdar RM , Das S , Nipa MN , Islam S , Bhuiyan HR , Ahmad I 
Published: August 2012

The study aimed at examining the microbial quality of restaurant salad and the water used for salad preparation and their role as a source of antibiotic resistant bacteria. Samples were collected from 15 different restaurants located in Chittagong city. The range of Total Viable Count was 1.86×104 to7.28×105 CFU/g and 1.60×104 CFU/ml to 4.38×105 CFU/ml for salad and water respectively. Total colifrm and fecal coliform count > 1100 CFU/100 ml were found in 73.33% of salad and 33.33% water samples. Salmonella spp was present in 46.67% of restaurants salad and water. Vibrio spp. was present in 66.67% of salad and 53.33% of water. A total of 102 isolates belonging to genus Vibrio, Salmonella and E. coli were subjected to antibiotic sensitivity test by disc diffusion method by using nine different types of antibiotic discs. Salmonella spp. from salad and water showed resistance against Amoxicillin (75%), Cephradine and Cephalexin (68.75%). 85.71% Vibrio spp. isolated from salad and water were resistant to Amoxicillin respectively. Multiple drug resistance was seen in 39 and 51 isolates of Salmonella and Vibrio isolates, respectively. The results suggest the necessity to follow the hygienic practices in salad preparation and salad might have an important role as a source of multiple antibiotic resistant bacteria. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jesnr.v5i1.11571 J. Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources, 5(1): 159 - 166, 2012
In Vitro Regeneration of High Yielding Indica Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Varieties
Authors: Alam MJ , Imran M , Hassan L , Rubel MH , Shamsuddoha M 
Published: August 2012

The experiment was conducted to observe the regeneration potential and also to establish a suitable in vitro plantlet regeneration protocol from mature seed derived embryogenic calli of four indica rice varieties viz BRRI dhan28, BRRI dhan29, BRRI dhan47 and Binadhan-7 after partial desiccation treatment. Different concentrations and combinations of growth regulators were used in MS medium to observe the callus induction ability using mature embryo as explants. The percentage of callus induction frequency was highest (86.00) in BRRI dhan47 and the lowest (56.50) in Binadhan-7 Among the culture media the performance of MS +500 mgl-1 L- Proline + 2.0 mgl-12, 4-D + 0.8 mgl-1BAP was better than any other media for callus induction frequency (%), rapid callusing, size of the callus (mm), texture of callus and color of callus. Among the four varieties, shoot regeneration was highest in BRRI dhan29 (84.33%) which required minimum (14.80) days to and the lowest was in Binadhan-7 (39.67%) which required maximum (15.47) days. Among the treatments, the highest (65.75%) shoot regeneration was observed with MS + 6.0 mgl-1Kn +0.5 mgl-1 NAA which required minimum days (13.75) to develop green bud formation and the lowest shoot regeneration (56.50) was observed with MS + 2.0 mgl-1Kn + .05 mgl-1 NAA. BRRI dhan29 produced more number of shoots (4.67) per callus while Binadhan-7 showed minimum number of shoots (2.87) per callus. The highest number of shoot producing roots (3.66) was observed in BRRI dhan29 which showed maximum number of root per plant and the lowest (3.11) in Binadhan-7. Among the three treatments MS + 0.6 mgl-1IBA showed highest percentage 86.67 of root followed by MS+ 0.6 mgl-1IBA 70% and the lowest (66.7%) was in MS+ 0.4 mgl-1IBA. The establishment rate of the plantlet in the pot was the highest (67.67%) in BRRI dhan29 and Binadhan-7 showed lowest establishment rate (51.22%) in pot. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jesnr.v5i1.11573J. Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources, 5(1): 173 - 177, 2012
Response of Nitrogen Application at Different Growth Stages on Fine Aman Rice (CV. Kalizira)
Authors: Haque MA , Miah MNH , Haque ME , Islam MS , Islam MS 
Published: August 2012

An experiment was conducted at the Agronomy Farm, Bangladesh Agricultural University during the aman season of 2005-2006 to investigate the response of different doses of nitrogen application at different growth stages on fine aman rice (cv. kalizira). The experiment consisted of 3 levels of N application namely, 50% of recommended N, 100% of recommended N (150kg ha-1) and 25% higher than recommended N and 3 different plant growth stages of N application namely transplanting, maximum tillering and panicle initiation stage. The application of single super phosphate, muriate of potash, gypsum and zinc sulphate were same in all the plots at the rate of 125, 67, 20 and 5 kg ha-1, respectively. The experiment was laid out in a split plot design (SPD) with three replications. All data were analyzed using the analysis of variance technique and the mean differences were adjusted by DMRT. The results revealed that different doses of nitrogen had significant positive effect on the most of the vegetative parameters. Plant height, numbers of tiller hill-1, leaf hill-1, dry matter hill-1 were to be highest with the increasing rate of nitrogen at all sampling excluding final harvest.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jesnr.v5i1.11582J. Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources, 5(1): 199 - 203, 2012
Effect of Inoculant on Yield and Yield Contributing Characters of Summer Mungbean Cultivars
Authors: Rahman M , Imran M , Ashrafuzzaman M 
Published: August 2012

An experiment was conducted at Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture (BINA) farm, Mymensingh to study the effect of rhizobial inoculant (biofertilizer) on the the yield and yield contributing characters of mungbean cultivars. Experimental treatments included two varieties of mungbean namely Binamoog5 and Binamoog7 and six inoculant treatments namely control(I0), Bradyrhizobium Inoculant(I), Inoculant+P, NPK, Inoculant+PK+B and Inoculant+PK+CD. Inoculantion+PK+B obtained the highest grain yield of mungbean (1.49 t ha-1) while Inoculantion+PK+CD showed the highest straw yield. NPK application showed significantly higher grain and straw yield over uninoculated control and parallel to inoculation but statistically inferior to I+PK+CD in respect of grain yield. Inoculantion+PK+CD or Inoculantion+PK+B may be recommended for summer mungbean production where I+PK+CD is preferable. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jesnr.v5i1.11584 J. Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources, 5(1): 211 - 215, 2012
Influence of Different Media Variety and Growth Regulator on Mycelial Colony Proliferation of Mushroom
Authors: Uddin MJ , Nasiruddin KM , Haque ME , Biswas AK , Islam MS 
Published: August 2012

An experiment was conducted at the Mushroom growth house and Tissue Culture Laboratory, Horticulture Demonstration and Training Centre (HDTC), Kewatkhali, Mymensingh during February to May, 2006 to investigate the mycelial colony proliferation of different mushroom species (Oyster (Pleurotus florida), Milky (Calocybe indica) and Button (Agaricus biporus)) in different media (viz. PDA, YPDA and MEA) and different combinations and concentrations ( 0, 1, 5, 10 and 20 ppm) of different growth regulators (IAA and NAA). As a media, the best mycelial growth of 9.34 cm was found in YPDA (Yeast Potato Dextrose Agar) at 21 DAI. As a variety, the best mycelial growth of 11.90 cm was performed by Oyster at 21 DAI. In case of combined effect of different media and variety for mycelial growth, the best growth (12.57 cm) was found in Oyster with YPDA media at 21 DAI. In case of growth regulator, the best mycelial growth of 5.50 cm was found at 21 DAI with 10 ppm IAA and 4.03 cm was found at 18 DAI with 5 ppm NAA and 5.38 cm at 21 DAI with control. In case of combined effect of IAA and NAA, the best mycelial colony proliferation (6.72 cm) was found with 10 ppm IAA + 5 ppm NAA at 21 DAI. It may be concluded that among three varieties and media, Oyster was the best variety and YPDA was the superior media for mushroom cultivation. Malt extract supplemented with 10 ppm IAA+ 5 ppm NAA as found to be the best for mycelial colony proliferation of Button mushroom DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jesnr.v5i1.11586 J. Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources, 5(1): 223  227, 2012