bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
In Suspected Fetal Growth Restriction, sFlt‐1/PlGF and PlGF May Have Value in Risk Stratification for Preterm Birth and Birthweight < 3rd Centile: A Blinded Cohort Study
Authors: Hughes Ruth C. E. , Kyle Pippa , Phillips Ian , Florkowski Chris M. , Gullam Joanna 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTWe investigated the value of measuring sFlt‐1/PlGF in people with suspected fetal growth restriction (sFGR) without signs of preeclampsia at recruitment. Angiogenic biomarkers were considered positive when sFlt‐1/PlGF > 38 or PlGF < 100 pg/mL. Clinicians were blinded to the sFlt‐1/PlGF results. In sFGR presenting < 32 weeks, but not ≥ 32–37 weeks, positive angiogenic biomarkers vs. NZ FGR criteria had increased risk of preterm birth RR 5.32 [2.04–13.88] vs. 2.19 [0.89–5.37], respectively, and birthweight < 3rd centile RR 2.11 [1.24–3.58] vs. 1.83 [0.92–3.63], respectively. Larger studies are needed to establish whether routine testing of angiogenic biomarkers in sFGR is recommended for risk stratification.
Be happy and effective? Incorporating emotional design into multimedia learning in elementary science education
Authors: Lang Yueru , Gong Shaoying , Wu Yanan , Liu Qingtang , Deng Wei 
Published: February 2025

AbstractBackgroundIn recent years, the endeavour to stimulate positive emotions, regulate negative emotions, and facilitate the learning of elementary school students through emotional design has attracted a lot of attention.AimsThe purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of warm colours and anthropomorphism as emotional design elements on multimedia learning, and whether combining a positive pedagogical agent with positive learning materials would be better.SamplesExperiment 1 recruited 203 elementary school students. Experiment 2 recruited 140 elementary school students.MethodsExperiment 1 employed a 2 (Colours: warm vs. grayscale) × 2 (Anthropomorphism: with vs. without) between‐subjects design. Experiment 2 employed a 2 (Learning materials: positive vs. neutral) × 2 (Pedagogical agent: positive vs. neutral) between‐subjects design.ResultsResults of Experiment 1 showed that warm colours reduced boredom and anxiety; anthropomorphism increased enjoyment, intrinsic motivation, and mental effort, and reduced boredom; their combination facilitated retention and transfer performance. Results of Experiment 2 revealed that combining a positive pedagogical agent with positive learning materials ameliorated learners' overall emotional experiences, but did not significantly affect retention and transfer performance.ConclusionsIncorporating both warm colours and anthropomorphism as emotional design elements yielded the most favourable impact in designing positive learning materials. Integrating emotional design approaches to both learning materials and pedagogical agents could be conducive to happy and effective learning, showing the importance of holistic approaches to emotional design in educational settings.
STAT3 Inhibition Prevents Adaptive Resistance and Augments NK Cell Cytotoxicity to KRASG12C Inhibitors in Nonsmall Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Pan Zehao , Qian Yuxian , Wang Yajing , Zhang Te , Song Xuming , Ding Hanling , Li Rutao , Zhang Yijian , Wang Zi , Wang Hui , Xia Wenjie , Wei Lei , Xu Lin , Dong Gaochao , Jiang Feng 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTKRASG12C inhibitors exhibit conspicuous clinical response in KRASG12C‐mutant lung cancer, yet adaptive resistance, the rapid onset of intrinsic resistance, dampens their therapeutic success. Rational combination strategies could tackle this challenging problem. A high‐throughput screening of a pharmacological library with 423 compounds revealed that napabucasin, a signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) inhibitor, synergistically potentiated the growth inhibition effect of the KRASG12C inhibitor sotorasib in sensitive and resistant KRASG12C NSCLC cell lines. Functional assays further revealed that the coordinated targeting of KRAS with STAT3 improved the inhibitory effect on tumor growth and augmented the infiltration and activation of natural killer (NK) cells within the tumor microenvironment. Mechanistically, KRASG12C inhibition induced compensatory activation of STAT3, contingent on concomitant suppression of downstream ERK signaling, abrogated by napabucasin. Moreover, we unveiled and verified the binding site of phosphorylated STAT3 at the HLA‐B promoter, an inhibitor ligand for NK cells. Our study dissected an unknown mechanism of adaptive resistance to KRASG12C inhibitors, with the STAT3 activation sustaining the regrowth of tumor cells under KRAS inhibition and up‐regulating HLA‐B transcription to dampen the cytotoxicity of infiltrated NK cells.
Wait a Minute? Hiding Behavior of Burrowing Crabs and an Oversized Bill Explain Why Crab Plovers Prefer Armored Swimming Crabs
Authors: Bom Roeland A. , Piersma Theunis , Fijen Thijs P. M. , van Gils Jan A. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTIn the Indo‐West Pacific biogeographical region, a suite of shorebirds searches for crabs as food. While the majority of these shorebirds hunt on burrowing crabs, the endemic crab plover Dromas ardeola additionally feeds on swimming crabs with “fast and powerful claws”. Here, we examined the trade‐off made by crab plovers between foraging for swimming crabs and burrowing crabs on the intertidal mudflats of Barr Al Hikman in the Sultanate of Oman during four winters (2012–2015). Foraging on burrowing crabs requires waiting for the occupant to emerge, whereas foraging on swimming crabs involves searching and extensive handling. We found that crab plovers strongly preferred swimming crabs. In fact, diet composition was exclusively a function of the densities of swimming crabs, that is, crab plovers stopped waiting for burrowing crabs above threshold densities of swimming crabs even if burrowing crabs were abundant. Using a two‐prey functional response model, we could explain diet composition from an energy‐maximization perspective, but only if waiting time was added as an identification phase independent of prey densities. This suggests that crab plovers exhibit selective attention and can only wait for a limited number of burrowing crabs at a time. We conclude that the preference for swimming crabs emerges from both the efficient handling of swimming crabs by the crab plover and the long hiding times of the burrowing crabs. Undoubtedly, it is the crab plovers' specialized bill which makes handling of swimming crabs profitable. We speculate that this bill uniquely evolved in the “escalated” environment of the Indo‐West Pacific.
Factors Related to Negative Transfer of Training in Safety‐Critical Professions: An Interview Study
Authors: Pennings Helena J. M. , Landman Annemarie , Groen Eric 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTLiterature on transfer of training largely deals with positive transfer. Only few studies exist on negative transfer, and these were often performed in (laboratory) environments with low ecological validity. This study's objective is to identify factors that contribute to negative transfer in safety‐critical professions. The primary focus of the study is on aviation, but investigated principles also apply to other domains with high‐performing professionals. Semi‐structured interviews were performed with training experts from commercial and military aviation (n = 8), as well as the medical (n = 1) and maritime (n = 1) domain. The experts were asked to list examples of negative transfer that they have observed or experienced themselves. Follow‐up questions addressed training approaches and solutions regarding these examples. Answers were categorized using a transfer framework. The experts' most salient concerns involved: Time pressure, which leads to rushed training; Instructors with insufficient understanding of the limitations of the (simulator) training; and the way in which trainees should be placed into hazardous situations in a realistic manner. The experts provided several factors and recalls of experiences which may lead to negative transfer. These results may be relevant for instructors and can provide input for further experimental research regarding negative transfer.
Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms and Quality of Life in Obese Women: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Malak Arzu , Aslan Ergul 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThis study was conducted to determine lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) and their impact on the quality of life in obese women with LUTS. This study was conducted using a qualitative method at a university hospital. In‐depth interviews were conducted with 30 obese women who had LUTS and no chronic illnesses using a semi‐structured interview form. The interviews were evaluated through content analysis, and themes were identified and findings were interpreted. Qualitative analysis revealed that LUTS significantly affected women's lives, with complaints increasing as the degree of obesity increased. Most women reported searching for a restroom when going out, being unable to perform religious practices such as prayer, and experiencing negative effects on their sexual lives. Most women indicated that the causes of urinary tract symptoms were pregnancy/birth, excess weight and ageing. In conclusion, it was observed that obesity causes LUTS in women and negatively affects their quality of life.
Procreative Liability and Equality before the Law
Authors: Gheaus Anca 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTPallikkathayil argues that restrictions on abortion are inconsistent with the usual demands that states place on their citizens. States don't require their citizens to make their bodies available for the protection of other people's interests. Yet, when abortion is restricted, women who can be pregnant are less entitled than other citizens to decide on how their bodies are to be used; then, states fail to treat women as equal before the law. The argument is supposed to hold even if one assumes that fetuses at various stages of development are as morally considerable as (already born) children, and even if, moreover, fetuses have passive citizenship status – that is, if they have claims to state protection. Pallikkathayil's argument comes at excessive theoretical costs, rulling out (a) general duties to help others in the protection of vital interests via relatively non‐burdening donation, e.g. of blood, and (b) plausible although demanding special duties of procreative parents. Nevertheless, I agree with Pallikkathayil's conclusion that existing legal restrictions on abortion violate the state's duty to treat its citizens as equal, and are hence illegitimate; namely, because they fail to hold all procreators ‐ whether or not gestational ‐ equally liable.
The Current Status and Factors Influencing the Discharge Readiness of Parents of Children With Pneumonia: A Cross‐Sectional Survey
Authors: Wang Yue , Zhang Chuan Ying , Ma Gui Yue , Wei Wei 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundPneumonia is the primary cause of pediatric hospitalization and the most frequent cause of death among children under the age of five in China. The parental discharge teaching quality and discharge readiness have a significant impact on children's health outcomes and readmission.Research AimThe study was conducted to assess the discharge readiness and the quality of discharge teaching of parents of children with pneumonia, examine their relationship, and identify key influencing factors.MethodsA cross‐sectional study was conducted from May to October 2023. Participants, a total of 202 parents, were given anonymous questionnaires on the day of discharge, including the Readiness for Hospital Discharge Scale—Parent Form and the Quality of Discharge Teaching Scale—Parent Form.ResultsThe results showed a medium level of discharge readiness and a low level of discharge teaching quality. Additionally, there was a strong positive association between the aforementioned. The quality of discharge teaching, parents' perceived severity of the child's illness, the child's age and the child's disease status were the main factors determining discharge readiness.ConclusionsPediatricians are encouraged to consider this outcome to develop targeted interventions that improve parental discharge teaching, discharge readiness and post‐discharge outcomes for children with pneumonia.
Circumcision‐Associated Penile Papules: A Novel Complication With Unclear Etiology
Authors: Zhang Mingshuang , Yang Rongqing , Huang Jie 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTObjectiveTo report six patients with penile papules after circumcision to attract the attention of clinicians and patients to the complication associated with circumcision.MethodsWe reported several clinical cases presenting with these papules following circumcision. Cases were reassessed for clinical characteristics, histopathological features, and potential risk factors.ResultsA series of six adult male cases were identified, with papules appearing asymptomatically months to years after circumcision. The papules were larger, exhibited uneven distribution, and lacked the typical arrangement of pearly penile papules, posing a cosmetic concern and a risk of misdiagnosis as genital warts.ConclusionThis study presents a previously unreported complication of circumcision with significant implications for patient care. Further investigation is warranted to understand the etiology and develop strategies for prevention and management.
How to Interpret what is Given: Revelation and Hermeneutics in Jean‐Luc Marion
Authors: Jones Tamsin , Horner Robyn 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThe most significant gift of Jean‐Luc Marion's work to the worlds of phenomenology, theology, and religious studies is the provision of a thinking which begins with givenness: the thought of a given which, arriving from “elsewhere,” escapes the determining limits of the one who receives it and, thus, a gift which reveals itself starting from itself. Given this starting point, the question of this article is whether there is a genuine role for hermeneutics in Marion's understanding of phenomenology, especially as seen in his most recent discussions of revelation. If so, can it be made to cohere with his more fundamental phenomenological methodology, specifically the reduction to “pure givenness” which is meant to deliver phenomena without the constituting influence of a subjective knower? Can he make room for the role of interpretation without jeopardizing that which he seeks to guarantee: the appearance (or arrival) of the given on its own terms?
“Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus” Infection Induces Citric Acid Accumulation and Immune Responses Mediated by the Transcription Factor CitPH4
Authors: Hu Bin , Yuan Tao , Lu Zhihao , Huang Rongyan , He Jiaxian , Yang Kun , Wu Qinchun , Ai Wanqi , Zhang Wang , Zheng Weikang , Wu Xiaoxiao , Wang Xia , Xu Yuantao , Deng Xiuxin , Xu Qiang 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTCitrus huanglongbing (HLB), caused by “Candidatus Liberibacter” spp., is one of the most disastrous citrus diseases worldwide. HLB‐affected citrus fruits are significantly more acidic than healthy fruits. However, the molecular mechanism behind this phenomenon remains to be elucidated. Here, we report that HLB‐affected fruits have higher levels of citric acid (CA) than healthy fruits. Moreover, Citrus PH4 (CitPH4), which encodes a MYB transcription factor that functions as a key regulator of CA accumulation, was upregulated in HLB‐affected fruits relative to healthy fruits. Heterologous overexpression of CitPH4 in tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) plants enhanced tolerance to HLB. Subsequently, overexpression and gene‐editing experiments indicated that CitPH4 can affect the salicylic acid (SA) pathway, which directly binds to and activates the promoter of CsPBS3, a key gene of SA biosynthesis. HLB‐affected fruits had higher SA levels than healthy fruits. Furthermore, application of SA activated CA biosynthesis and application of CA activated SA biosynthesis and signalling in citrus fruits and decreased “Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus” (CLas) titres in infected leaves. This work suggests that CitPH4 is a key node between CA and SA, thus revealing crosstalk between defence responses and fruit quality in citrus.
Care at the Crossroads: How Policy Feedback Shaped Competing Feminist Advocacy for Parental Leave Reform in Spain
Authors: Alvariño Manuel 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTGrowing attention to “degenderization” reforms that aim to encourage men's caregiving roles may generate opposition from groups advocating to prioritize mothers' right to care. This article seeks to understand the politics of degenderization through the case of Spain, the only state with equal non‐transferable parental leave entitlements for mothers and fathers. It argues that policy feedback effects from changes in family policy and gender representation shape feminist advocacy for leave reform. Methodologically, the study combines a historical review, document analysis, and interviews with policy makers and activists. Results show that the institutionalization of equality feminism, initially a reaction against Francoism, generated positive feedback effects. Namely, it fostered the emergence and success of the PPiiNA organization by making elites responsive to its advocacy for equal and non‐transferable parental leave. However, this provoked a negative feedback effect, mobilizing mothers' groups into a competing organization, named PETRA, that demands transferable or mother‐exclusive leave rights.
Contextual factors influencing implementation of tuberculosis digital adherence technologies: a scoping review guided by the RE-AIM framework
Authors: Bahukudumbi Shruti , Chilala Chimweta I , Foster Nicola , Patel Barbie , Mohamed Mona S , Zary Miranda , Kafie Cedric , Gore Genevieve , Schwartzman Kevin , Fielding Katherine L , Subbaraman Ramnath 
Published: February 2025

IntroductionDigital adherence technologies (DATs) may enable person-centred tuberculosis (TB) treatment monitoring; however, implementation challenges may undermine their effectiveness. Using the reach, effectiveness, adoption, implementation and maintenance framework, we conducted a scoping review to identify contextual factors informing ‘reach’ (DAT engagement by people with TB) and ‘adoption’ (DAT uptake by healthcare providers or clinics).MethodsWe searched eight databases from 1 January 2000 to 25 April 2023 to identify all TB DAT studies. After extracting qualitative and quantitative findings, using thematic synthesis, we analysed common findings to create meta-themes informing DAT reach or adoption. Meta-themes were further organised using the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology, which posits technology use is influenced by perceived usefulness, ease of use, social influences and facilitating conditions.Results66 reports met inclusion criteria, with 61 reporting on DAT reach among people with TB and 27 reporting on DAT adoption by healthcare providers. Meta-themes promoting reach included perceptions that DATs improved medication adherence, facilitated communication with providers, made people feel more ‘cared for’ and enhanced convenience compared with alternative care models (perceived usefulness) and lowered stigma (social influences). Meta-themes limiting reach included literacy and language barriers and DAT technical complexity (ease of use); increased stigma (social influences) and suboptimal DAT function and complex cellular accessibility challenges (facilitating conditions). Meta-themes promoting adoption included perceptions that DATs improved care quality or efficiency (perceived usefulness). Meta-themes limiting adoption included negative DAT impacts on workload or employment and suboptimal accuracy of adherence data (perceived usefulness); and suboptimal DAT function, complex cellular accessibility challenges and insufficient provider training (facilitating conditions). Limitations of this review include the limited studies informing adoption meta-themes.ConclusionThis review identifies diverse contextual factors that can inform improvements in DAT design and implementation to achieve higher engagement by people with TB and healthcare providers, which could improve intervention effectiveness.
Burden of oesophageal cancer attributed to alcohol use in 204 countries and territories, 1990–2019: results from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019
Authors: Yan Dongqing , Wei Li , Liang Hongsen , Zhang Junhang , Shi Donglei , Wang Zhaojun 
Published: February 2025

ObjectivesThis study aimed to assess the global burden of oesophageal cancer (EC) attributable to alcohol consumption across 204 countries and territories from 1990 to 2019. Alcohol use is a major modifiable risk factor for EC, with unique biological and epidemiological effects compared with other contributors such as smoking, necessitating a focused analysis of its global impact.DesignWe analysed trends in EC attributable to alcohol consumption from 1990 to 2019 using data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2019 study.SettingData were obtained from the GBD Results Tool, covering 204 countries and territories across 21 GBD regions.ParticipantsPatients with EC attributable to alcohol consumption.Main outcomes and measuresThe number and age-standardised rates of deaths and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) due to EC attributable to alcohol consumption are presented by region for 1990 and 2019, along with the number of deaths, age-standardised mortality rates (ASMR) and age-standardised DALY rates (ASDR) in 204 countries and territories in 2019. Geographical variations were visualised using maps, and linear regression analyses were performed to assess the association between the Socio-Demographic Index (SDI) and EC mortality and DALY rates.ResultsIn 2019, there were 113 600.3 deaths (95% uncertainty intervals (UIs): 84 062.5–144 685.6), contributing to 2818.2×103DALYs (95% UI: 2109.6–3573.6). From 1990 to 2019, total deaths and DALYs associated with EC increased, while age-standardised rates decreased. ASMR and ASDR decreased in high SDI populations but plateaued in low-middle or low SDI populations for both genders. China recorded the highest death toll (61 887.7, 95% UI: 42 882.6–84 201.3), while Uganda had the highest ASMR (4.48, 95% UI: 3.06–6.26) and ASDR (119.21, 95% UI: 80.72–167.22). Males accounted predominantly for EC attributed to alcohol use.ConclusionsGlobally, there was a decline in ASMR and ASDR but an increase in overall deaths and DALYs related to EC from 1990 to 2019. The burden of EC varied across regions and countries, with Uganda exhibiting the highest ASMR, and China having the highest fatalities. The association between alcohol and EC was more pronounced in males than females.