bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Deep‐Soil‐Mixing für eine Dammabdichtung in Österreich
Authors: Rathmair Franz , Sigmund Christian 
Published: June 2011

AbstractEin oberwasserseitig des Traunkraftwerks Pucking, Österreich, liegender Damm wies Undichtigkeiten im Bereich der bestehenden Bitumenabdichtung am Dammfuß und der Dichtwand auf. Eine vorgesetzte Dichtwand samt neuem Dichtwandkopf wurde nach dem Deep‐Soil‐Mixing Verfahren ausgeführt. In Bereichen mit Blocklagen wurde die Dichtwand mit dem Soilcrete®‐Düsenstrahlverfahren hergestellt. Zur Sicherung der Qualität bzw. der Erosionsstabilität der verwendeten Dichtwandsuspension wurden neben zahlreichen Festigkeitsuntersuchungen auch Durchlässigkeitsversuche in der fertiggestellten Dichtwand durchgeführt. Durch die Anwendung eines Mehrfachmischwerkzeugs konnte die Ausführungszeit auf wenige Wochen reduziert werden.Deep Soil Mixing for a dam sealing in Austria. The upstream part of a dam at the Traun river power plant in Austria has been found to be permeable at the existing bitumen sealing, the dam base and the inner sealing wall. A new sealing wall including a new sealing wall head has been executed by means of the deep soil mixing technique. Areas containing granite blocks were executed with the Soilcrete® jet‐grouting technique. To ensure the quality and the stability of the grout used for the sealing wall, permeability tests were executed in the finished wall in addition to compressive strength tests. Due to the application of a multi rod mixing tool, the execution time of this job could be reduced to a few weeks.
Identification of a novel human Acyl‐CoA binding protein isoform with a unique C‐terminal domain
Authors: Ludewig Andreas H. , Nitz Inke , Klapper Maja , Döring Frank 
Published: June 2011

AbstractSeven isoforms of the multifunctional human Acyl‐coenzyme A binding protein (ACBP) have been characterized so far. Through ab initio analysis of expressed sequence tag (ESTs), we identified a novel high‐abundant ACBP splice variant ACBP1e encoding an ACBP isoform with a unique C‐terminus of 81 amino acid residues. Bioinformatic analysis shows that this domain is evolutionary conserved and shares no significant homology with other known proteins, and its function is not known. Quantitative RT‐polymerase chain reaction (PCR) revealed that ACBP1e is predominantly expressed in adipose tissue and hippocampus. Protein expression studies showed perinuclear clustering of ACBP1e. These clusters were not seen in ACBP1e mutants with an altered putative subtilisin/kexin isozyme‐1 cleavage site within the C‐terminus, indicating that this domain is required for proper localization of ACBP1e. Conclusively, we identified a novel ACBP isoforms with an unique C‐terminal domain encoded by a high‐abundant splice variant. © 2011 IUBMB IUBMB Life, 63(7): 547–552, 2011
Metabolic pathways and intracellular trafficking of gangliosides
Authors: Daniotti Jose Luis , Iglesias‐Bartolomé Ramiro 
Published: June 2011

AbstractGangliosides constitute a large and heterogeneous family of acidic glycosphingolipids that contain one or more sialic acid residues and are expressed in nearly all vertebrate cells. Their de novo synthesis starts at the endoplasmic reticulum and is continued by a combination of glycosyltransferase activities at the Golgi complex, followed by vesicular delivery to the plasma membrane. At the cell surface, gangliosides participate in a variety of physiological as well as pathological processes. The cloning of genes for most of the glycosyltransferases responsible for ganglioside biosynthesis has produced a better understanding of the cellular and molecular basis of the ganglioside metabolism. In addition, the ability to delete groups of glycosphingolipid structures in mice has been enormously important in determining their physiological roles. Recently, a number of enzymes for ganglioside anabolism and catabolism have been shown to be associated with the plasma membrane, which might contribute to modulate local glycolipid composition, and consequently, the cell function. © 2011 IUBMB IUBMB Life, 63(7): 513‐520, 2011
Identification of galectins as novel regulators of platelet signaling and function
Authors: Romaniuk Maria Albertina , Negrotto Soledad , Campetella Oscar , Rabinovich Gabriel Adrian , Schattner Mirta 
Published: June 2011

AbstractPlatelet activation at sites of vascular injury leads to the formation of a hemostatic plug. Activation of platelets is therefore crucial for normal hemostasis. However, uncontrolled platelet activation may also lead to the formation of occlusive thrombi that can cause ischemic events. Platelets can be activated by soluble molecules including thrombin, TXA2, adenosine diphosphate (ADP), and serotonin or by adhesive extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins such as von Willebrand factor and collagen. In this article, we review recent advances on the role of galectins in platelet physiology. By acting in either soluble or immobilized form, these glycan‐binding proteins trigger platelet activation through modulation of discrete signaling pathways. We also offer new hypotheses and some speculations about the role of platelet–galectin interactions not only in hemostasis and thrombosis but also in inflammation and related diseases such as atherosclerosis and cancer. © 2011 IUBMB IUBMB Life, 63(7): 521–527, 2011
Red blood cell extrudes nucleus and mitochondria against oxidative stress
Authors: Zhang Zhong‐Wei , Cheng Jian , Xu Fei , Chen Yang‐Er , Du Jun‐Bo , Yuan Ming , Zhu Feng , Xu Xiao‐Chao , Yuan Shu 
Published: June 2011

AbstractMammal red blood cells (erythrocytes) contain neither nucleus nor mitochondria. Traditional theory suggests that the presence of a nucleus would prevent big nucleated erythrocytes to squeeze through these small capillaries. However, nucleus is too small to hinder erythrocyte deformation. And, there is no sound reason to abandon mitochondria for the living cells. Here, we found that mammal erythrocyte reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels kept stable under diabetes, ischemia reperfusion, and malaria conditions orin vitrosugar/heme treatments, whereas bird erythrocyte ROS levels increased dramatically in these circumstances. Nuclear and mitochondrial extrusion may help mammal erythrocytes to better adapt to high‐sugar and high‐heme conditions by limiting ROS generation. © 2011 IUBMB IUBMB Life, 63(7): 560–565, 2011
Physiologic estrogen replacement increases bone density in adolescent girls with anorexia nervosa
Authors: Misra Madhusmita , Katzman Debra , Miller Karen K , Mendes Nara , Snelgrove Deirdre , Russell Melissa , Goldstein Mark A , Ebrahimi Seda , Clauss Laura , Weigel Thomas , Mickley Diane , Schoenfeld David A , Herzog David B , Klibanski Anne 
Published: June 2011

Abstract
Anorexia nervosa (AN) is prevalent in adolescents and is associated with decreased bone mineral accrual at a time critical for optimizing bone mass. Low BMD in AN is a consequence of nutritional and hormonal alterations, including hypogonadism and low estradiol levels. Effective therapeutic strategies to improve BMD in adolescents with AN have not been identified. Specifically, high estrogen doses given as an oral contraceptive do not improve BMD. The impact of physiologic estrogen doses that mimic puberty on BMD has not been examined. We enrolled 110 girls with AN and 40 normal-weight controls 12 to 18 years of age of similar maturity. Subjects were studied for 18 months. Mature girls with AN (bone age [BA] ≥15 years, n = 96) were randomized to 100 µg of 17β-estradiol (with cyclic progesterone) or placebo transdermally for 18 months. Immature girls with AN (BA &lt; 15 years, n = 14) were randomized to incremental low-dose oral ethinyl-estradiol (3.75 µg daily from 0 to 6 months, 7.5 µg from 6 to 12 months, 11.25 µg from 12 to 18 months) to mimic pubertal estrogen increases or placebo for 18 months. All BMD measures assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) were lower in girls with AN than in control girls. At baseline, girls with AN randomized to estrogen (AN E + ) did not differ from those randomized to placebo (AN E–) for age, maturity, height, BMI, amenorrhea duration, and BMD parameters. Spine and hip BMD Z-scores increased over time in the AN E+ compared with the AN E– group, even after controlling for baseline age and weight. It is concluded that physiologic estradiol replacement increases spine and hip BMD in girls with AN. © 2011 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research
High temporal and spatial resolution 3D time‐resolved contrast‐enhanced magnetic resonance angiography of the hands and feet
Authors: Haider Clifton R. , Riederer Stephen J. , Borisch Eric A. , Glockner James F. , Grimm Roger C. , Hulshizer Thomas C. , Macedo Thanila A. , Mostardi Petrice M. , Rossman Phillip J. , Vrtiska Terri J. , Young Phillip M. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractMethods are described for generating 3D time‐resolved contrast‐enhanced magnetic resonance (MR) angiograms of the hands and feet. Given targeted spatial resolution and frame times, it is shown that acceleration of about one order of magnitude or more is necessary. This is obtained by a combination of 2D sensitivity encoding (SENSE) and homodyne (HD) acceleration methods. Image update times from 3.4–6.8 seconds are provided in conjunction with view sharing. Modular receiver coil arrays are described which can be designed to the targeted vascular region. Images representative of the technique are generated in the vasculature of the hands and feet in volunteers and in patient studies. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2011;. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Three‐dimensional high frequency power Doppler ultrasonography for the assessment of microvasculature during fracture healing in a rat model
Authors: Sun Ming‐Hui , Leung Kwok‐Sui , Zheng Yong‐Ping , Huang Yan‐Ping , Wang Li‐Ke , Qin Ling , Leung Andraay Hon‐Chi , Chow Simon Kwoon‐Ho , Cheung Wing‐Hoi 
Published: June 2011

AbstractWe aimed to establish a novel approach with 3D high frequency power Doppler ultrasonography (3D‐HF‐PDU) to assess microvasculature at the fracture site in rat femurs by comparing with microCT‐based microangiography. Twenty‐four 9‐month‐old ovariectomized (OVX) osteoporotic rats and age‐matched sham‐ovariectomized (Sham) rats were used for establishing closed fracture models on right femora. At 2, 4, and 8 weeks post‐operatively, four rats in each group underwent in vivo 3D‐HF‐PDU scanning for evaluation of vascularization and blood flow at the fracture site. Then the fractured femora were harvested for ex vivo microangiography, and neovasculatures within the callus were reconstructed for vascular volume analysis. Correlation between the vascular volumes of the two methodologies was examined. Both 3D‐HF‐PDU and microangiography showed a decline of vascular volume at the fracture site from 2 to 8 weeks and a significantly larger volume in the Sham group than the OVX group. A significant linear positive correlation (r = 0.87, p < 0.001) was detected between the volumes measured by the two methodologies. Osteoporotic rats had a diminished angiogenic response and lower blood perfusion than Shams. We believe 3D‐HF‐PDU is feasible and reproducible for in vivo assessment of microvasculature during femoral fracture healing in rats. © 2011 Orthopaedic Research Society Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 30:137–143, 2012
Long‐term spruce budworm outbreak dynamics reconstructed from subfossil trees
Authors: Sonia Simard , Morin Hubert , Krause Cornelia 
Published: June 2011

AbstractWe reconstructed the long‐term spruce budworm (SBW) (Choristoneura fumiferana Clem.) outbreak dynamics in the boreal forest of Quebec (Canada) using a dendrochronological approach with subfossil trees. Although the majority of the excavated wood belonging to the genus Picea could potentially reveal the past activity of spruce budworms in the tree rings, very few were cross‐dated due to a lack of marker rings. All cross‐dated trees were found within a particular zone of the peat bogs and the floating chronology was radiocarbon dated to ca. 5.1 cal ka BP. The results presented in this study suggest that the dynamics of SBW outbreaks in the studied area fluctuated during the last millennia and that severe outbreaks as observed during the 20th century seldom occurred in that part of the boreal forest since the end of the last glaciation. These results are in agreement with observations from other parts of eastern North America. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Preparation of Al2O3/TiO2 composite sol–gel fiber for headspace solid‐phase microextraction of chlorinated organic solvents from urine
Authors: Farhadi Khalil , Maleki Ramin , Tahmasebi Raheleh 
Published: June 2011

AbstractA new solid‐phase microextraction fiber based on alumina/titania sol–gel‐coated on copper wire for headspace sampling of chlorinated organic solvents (chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, trichloroethene, and tetrachloroethene) from urine samples is introduced. The influences of fiber coating composition and microextraction conditions (extraction temperature, extraction time, and ionic strength of the sample matrix) on the fiber performance were investigated. Also, the influence of temperature and time on desorption of analytes from fiber was studied. The proposed fiber has high capacity and demonstrates fast sampling of chlorinated organic solvents from urine samples with high sensitivity. The relative standard deviation (RSD, n=5) for all analytes was below 6.5%.
Monolithic polymer layer with gradient of hydrophobicity for separation of peptides using two‐dimensional thin layer chromatography and MALDI‐TOF‐MS detection
Authors: Urbanova Iva , Svec Frantisek 
Published: June 2011

AbstractSuperhydrophobic monolithic porous polymer layers supported onto glass plates with a gradient of hydrophobicity have been prepared and used for 2‐D thin layer chromatography of peptides. The 50 μm‐thin poly(glycidyl methacrylate‐co‐ethylene dimethacrylate) layers prepared using UV‐initiated polymerization in a simple mold were first hydrolyzed using dilute sulfuric acid and then hydrophilized via two‐step grafting of poly(ethylene glycol) methacrylate to obtain superhydrophilic plates. The hydrophobicity was then formed by photografting of lauryl methacrylate. The exposure to UV light that initiates photografting was spatially controlled using moving shutter that enabled forming of the diagonal gradient of hydrophobicity. This new concept enables the solutes to encounter the gradient for each of the two sequential developments. Practical application of our novel plates was demonstrated with a rapid 2‐D separation of a mixture of model peptides gly‐tyr, val‐tyr‐val, leucine enkephalin, and oxytocin in dual reversed‐phase mode using different mobile phases in each direction. Detection of fluorescent‐labeled peptides was achieved through UV light visualization while separation of native leucine enkephalin and oxytocin was monitored directly using MALDI mass spectrometry.
Effects of process parameters on supercritical CO2 extraction of total phenols from strawberry (Arbutus unedo L.) fruits: An optimization study
Authors: Akay Seref , Alpak Ilknur , Yesil‐Celiktas Ozlem 
Published: June 2011

AbstractThe aim of this work was to optimize total phenolic yield of Arbutus unedo fruits using supercritical fluid extraction. A Box–Behnken statistical design was used to evaluate the effect of various values of pressure (50–300 bar), temperature (30–80°C) and concentration of ethanol as co‐solvent (0–20%) by CO2 flow rate of 15 g/min for 60 min. The most effective variable was co‐solvent ratio (p<0.005). Evaluative criteria for both dependent variables (total phenols and radical scavenging activity) in the model were assigned maximum. Optimum extraction conditions were elicited as 60 bar, 48°C and 19.7% yielding 25.72 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE) total phenols/g extract and 99.9% radical scavenging capacity, which were higher than the values obtained by conventional water (24.89 mg/g; 83.8%) and ethanol (15.12 mg/g; 95.8%) extractions demonstrating challenges as a green separation process with improved product properties for industrial applications.
Do Immigrants Enhance International Trade in Services? The Case of US Tourism Services Exports
Authors: Tadesse Bedassa , White Roger 
Published: June 2011

ABSTRACTThat immigrants affect trade in goods between their home and host countries is well established in the literature. Little evidence exists, however, as to whether immigrants also affect trade in services. Using data on international tourist arrivals from 86 countries to the United States during the years 1995–2004, we provide the first empirical evidence on the effect of immigrants on exports of tourism services. Our results suggest that immigrants significantly enhance exports of tourism services (as measured by the number of tourist arrivals in the US from different home countries). Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Gesundheitsprodukte: Wo hört das Lebensmittel auf, wo fängt das Arzneimittel an?
Authors: Hahn Andreas 
Published: June 2011

AbstractMit Lebensmitteln und Arzneimitteln hat der Gesetzgeber zwei Produktkategorien geschaffen, die er wegen ihrer angenommenen unterschiedlichen Ansprüche und Risiken verschieden handhabt. Das allerdings setzt voraus, dass in jedem Einzelfall eindeutig entschieden werden kann, in welche Kategorie ein Erzeugnis einzuordnen ist. Als (Funktions)Arzneimittel gelten Produkte, die “pharmakologisch” wirken; Lebensmittel weisen im Gegensatz dazu eine (ernährungs)physiologische Wirkung auf. Theoretisch und praktisch zeigt sich allerdings, dass das Abgrenzungskriterium “pharmakologische Wirkung” untauglich ist und keine sachgerechte Unterscheidung beider Produktgruppen ermöglicht. Weder an den Wirkungen noch an den zugrunde liegenden Mechanismen lässt sich in vielen Fällen ein Unterschied zwischen Lebensmitteln und Arzneimitteln festmachen.Wesentlicher Grund hierfür ist, dass Lebensmittel viel umfänglichere Wirkungen ausüben als früher angenommen. Sie tragen nicht nur zur Nährstoffversorgung im engeren Sinne bei, sondern besitzen gleichermaßen präventive und diätetisch‐therapeutische Effekte. Dies spiegelt sich auch in einigen speziellen Gruppen von Lebensmitteln wider, die darauf abzielen, die Leistung zu optimieren, Krankheiten vorzubeugen und die Situation bei bestehenden Krankheiten zu verbessern.Da es schwierig ist, Lebensmittel und Arzneimittel anhand ihrer Wirkungen zu differenzieren, stellt sich die Frage, ob es ggf. ein dem Ziel besser entsprechendes Unterscheidungskriterium geben könnte. Von zentraler Bedeutung für beide Produktgruppen ist die Sicherheit. Während allerdings Lebensmittel per se sicher sein müssen, orientiert sich die Zulassung von Arzneimitteln an einer Nutzen‐Risiko‐Abwägung. Möglicherweise bietet es sich daher an, die Einstufung von Lebensmitteln und Arzneimitteln an ihrem Risikoprofil zu orientieren. Aber auch das dürfte schwierig werden: Wollte man nur eindeutig und in allen Fällen sichere Produkte zulassungsfrei als Lebensmittel erlauben, so wären bereits zahlreiche traditionelle Produkte nicht mehr verkehrsfähig, weil ihr Verzehr mit unerwünschten Wirkungen verbunden sein kann. Hier sei nur an Milch (Laktoseintoleranz), Nüsse (Allergien bis zum anaphylaktischen Schock) oder nicht zuletzt Branntwein erinnert. Kartoffeln beispielsweise dürften, sollten sie heute neu auf den Markt gebracht werden, schon wegen ihres Gehaltes an Glykoalkaloiden und der fehlenden Erfahrungen mit diesem Lebensmittel an den lebensmittelrechtlichen Vorgaben scheitern.Da es auch bei Lebensmitteln kein Nullrisiko geben kann, wäre dann eine neue Abgrenzungsfrage zu beantworten: Wie (un)sicher darf ein Produkt sein, um noch als Lebensmittel zu gelten? Und das dürfte ebenso wenig festzulegen sein wie die Grenze zwischen physiologischer und pharmakologischer Wirkung.
Abgrenzung bei pflanzlichen Produkten
Authors: Schraitle Rose 
Published: June 2011

AbstractProdukte, deren wertbestimmende Inhaltsstoffe Pflanzen oder Pflanzenzubereitungen sind und die “in abgeteilter Form” vorliegen, waren in Deutschland bis vor einigen Jahren als Arzneimittel auf dem Markt; pflanzliche Nahrungsergänzungsmittel waren die Ausnahme. Diese nationale Tradition wird inzwischen durch die europäische Sichtweise zumindest teilweise überlagert.
Klinische Studien mit Nahrungsergänzungsmitteln
Authors: Steffen Christian 
Published: June 2011

AbstractIn den letzten Jahrzehnten drangen viele neue Lebensmittel auf den Markt, die neben dem Ernährungszweck von traditionellen Lebensmitteln einen zusätzlichen Gesundheitsnutzen aufweisen sollen. Dazu gehören zum Beispiel funktionelle Lebensmittel (functional food) wie Margarine mit Inhaltsstoffen, die die Resorption von Cholesterin vermindern, diätetische Lebensmittel für besondere medizinische Zwecke und Nahrungsergänzungsmittel.
Programmierter Zelltod bei Bakterien
Authors: Winckler Thomas 
Published: June 2011

AbstractWissenschaftler vom Max‐Planck‐Institut für Medizinische Forschung haben ein neues, in vielen humanpathogenen Bakterien vorhandenes Toxin‐Antitoxin‐System entdeckt – ein Ansatzpunkt für neuartige Antibiotika?
MassChroQ: A versatile tool for mass spectrometry quantification
Authors: Valot Benoît , Langella Olivier , Nano Edlira , Zivy Michel 
Published: June 2011

AbstractRecently, many software tools have been developed to perform quantification in LC‐MS analyses. However, most of them are specific to either a quantification strategy (e.g. label‐free or isotopic labelling) or a mass‐spectrometry system (e.g. high or low resolution). In this context, we have developed MassChroQ (Mass Chromatogram Quantification), a versatile software that performs LC‐MS data alignment and peptide quantification by peak area integration on extracted ion chromatograms. MassChroQ is suitable for quantification with or without labelling and is not limited to high‐resolution systems. Peptides of interest (for example all the identified peptides) can be determined automatically, or manually by providing targeted m/z and retention time values. It can handle large experiments that include protein or peptide fractionation (as SDS‐PAGE, 2‐D LC). It is fully configurable. Every processing step is traceable, the produced data are in open standard formats and its modularity allows easy integration into proteomic pipelines. The output results are ready for use in statistical analyses. Evaluation of MassChroQ on complex label‐free data obtained from low and high‐resolution mass spectrometers showed low CVs for technical reproducibility (1.4%) and high coefficients of correlation to protein quantity (0.98). MassChroQ is freely available under the GNU General Public Licence v3.0 at http://pappso.inra.fr/bioinfo/masschroq/.