bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dasatinib 140 mg once daily versus 70 mg twice daily in patients with Ph‐positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia who failed imatinib: Results from a phase 3 study
Authors: Lilly Michael B. , Ottmann Oliver G. , Shah Neil P. , Larson Richard A. , Reiffers Josy J. , Ehninger Gerhard , Müller Martin C. , Charbonnier Aude , Bullorsky Eduardo , Dombret Herve , Brigid Bradley‐Garelik Mary , Zhu Chao , Martinelli Giovanni 
Published: December 2009

AbstractDasatinib 70 mg twice daily is indicated for Philadelphia chromosome‐positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia (Ph+ ALL) intolerant or resistant to imatinib. In patients with chronic‐phase chronic myelogenous leukemia, once‐daily dosing has similar efficacy with improved safety, compared with twice‐daily dosing. A phase 3 study (n = 611) assessed the efficacy and safety of dasatinib 140 mg once daily versus 70 mg twice‐daily in patients with advanced phase chronic myelogenous leukemia or Ph+ ALL resistant or intolerant to imatinib. Here, results from the Ph+ ALL subset (n = 84) with a 2‐year follow‐up are reported. Patients were randomly assigned to receive dasatinib either 140 mg once daily (n = 40) or 70 mg twice daily (n = 44). The rate of confirmed major hematologic response with once‐daily dosing (38%) was similar to that with twice‐daily dosing (32%). The rate of major cytogenetic response with once‐daily dosing (70%) was higher than that with twice‐daily dosing (52%). Compared with the twice‐daily schedule, the once‐daily schedule had longer progression‐free survival (median, 3.0 months versus 4.0 months, respectively) and shorter overall survival (median, 9.1 months versus 6.5 months, respectively). Overall safety profiles were similar between two groups, with nonhematologic adverse events being mostly grade 1 or 2. Pleural effusion was less frequent with once‐daily dosing than with twice‐daily dosing (all grades, 18% versus 32%). Notably, none of the differences between the two schedules was statistically significant. Compared with the 70 mg twice daily, dasatinib 140 mg once daily had similar overall efficacy and safety in patients with imatinib‐resistant or intolerant Ph+ ALL. (clinicaltrials.gov identifier: NCT00123487). Am. J. Hematol. 2010. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Case–control study of pleural mesothelioma in workers with social security in Mexico
Authors: Aguilar‐Madrid Guadalupe , Robles‐Pérez Eduardo , Juárez‐Pérez Cuauhtémoc Arturo , Alvarado‐Cabrero Isabel , Rico‐Méndez Flavio Gerardo , Javier Kelly‐García 
Published: December 2009

AbstractBackgroundEnvironmental and occupational exposure to asbestos in Mexico in the past has been a cause of deaths and health damages. Its magnitude is unknown to date. Our objective was to identify the proportion of cases of malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) that can be attributed to and occupational exposure to asbestos.MethodsWe carried out a case–control study of MPM in 472 workers insured by the Mexican Institute of Social Security, all Valley of Mexico residents, with 119 incident cases and 353 controls. Cases were histologically confirmed. Participants were questioned concerning their occupational history and sociodemographic data. Assignment to one of the four exposures was performed qualitatively by an expert hygienist. Odds ratios (ORs) and attributable risks (ARs) were calculated using a non‐conditional logistic regression model.ResultsA total of 80.6% of cases and 31.5% of controls had occupational exposure to asbestos. ORs were adjusted for age and gender and by exposure category, and exhibited an increase with probability of exposure as follows: 3.7(95% CI 1.3–10.4) for the likely category and 14.3(95% CI 8–26) for the certain category; AR in the group occupationally exposed to asbestos was 83.2%, and the population AR was 44%.ConclusionsOur results show that the relationship between industrial uses of all forms of asbestos is generating an increase in mesothelioma‐related diseases and deaths among Mexican workers. As a public health policy, Mexico should prohibit the use of asbestos in all production processes with the aim of controlling the epidemic and preventing the occurrence of new cases of MPM. Am. J. Ind. Med. 53:241–251, 2010. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Hearing problems among a cohort of nationally certified EMS professionals
Authors: Fernandez Antonio R. , Crawford J. Mac , Studnek Jonathan R. , Wilkins J.R. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractPurposeThe objectives of this study were to estimate the prevalence of hearing problems among a national cohort of emergency medical service (EMS) professionals, determine factors associated with hearing problems, and estimate the percentage of EMS professionals who utilize hearing protection.MethodsUtilizing results from a questionnaire, individuals who reported hearing problems were compared to individuals who had not. Multivariable logistic regression was performed to identify variables associated with hearing problems. Finally, items regarding use of hearing protection were assessed to estimate the percentage of usage among EMS professionals.ResultsIn total, 1,058 (57%) participants responded to the questionnaire. Of those, 1,024 (97%) who completed the hearing problems question were utilized for analysis. There were 153 (14.9%) cases of self‐reported hearing problems. The final logistic regression model included lifetime occupational noise exposure 0.99 (95% CI = 0.9997–1.0002), report of previous back problems (odds ratio (OR) = 2.74, 95% CI = 1.8340–4.1042), large community size (OR = 1.67, 95% CI = 1.1211–2.4843), and minority status (OR = 0.61, 95% CI = 0.3719–0.9867). Finally, 213 (20.8%) individuals reported utilizing some form of hearing protection at their main EMS job.ConclusionThe results from this analysis are the first national estimates of the prevalence of self reported hearing problems among EMS professionals. This study was also the first to estimate the percentage of EMS professionals who self reported the utilization of hearing protection. Am. J. Ind. Med. 53:264–275, 2010. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Association of high‐dose bifonazole administration during early pregnancy and severe limb reduction defects in the newborn
Authors: Linder Nehama , Amarilla Mandola , Hernandez Adriana , Tamiri Tsippy , Sirota Lea , Klinger Gil , Levy Itzhak , Merlob Paul 
Published: December 2009

AbstractBACKGROUND:Neonatal limb reduction defects may be caused by exposure to an external agent. The azole derivatives are used in the treatment of systemic and dermal mycoses. Their relative teratogenic risk is still controversial.CASES:We describe two newborns with severe limb defects who were exposed to high doses of oral (an unacceptable route) and/or intravaginal bifonazole during the entire first trimester of pregnancy.CONCLUSION:Although only two cases are insufficient to establish a relationship, our data suggest thatmaternal intake of bifonazole in early pregnancy poses a risk of morphogenic malformations. The literature suggests several possible mechanisms. Birth Defects Research (Part A) 2010. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Hyperosmotic stress induces autophagy and apoptosis in recombinant Chinese hamster ovary cell culture
Authors: Han Young Kue , Kim Yeon‐Gu , Kim Jee Yon , Lee Gyun Min 
Published: December 2009

AbstractDuring recombinant Chinese hamster ovary (rCHO) cell culture, various events, such as feeding with concentrated nutrient solutions or the addition of base to maintain an optimal pH, increase the osmolality of the medium. To determine the effect of hyperosmotic stress on two types of programmed cell death (PCD), apoptosis and autophagy, of rCHO cells, two rCHO cell lines, producing antibody and erythropoietin, were subjected to hyperosmotic stress resulting from NaCl addition (310–610 mOsm/kg). For both rCHO cell lines, hyperosmolality up to 610 mOsm/kg increased cleaved forms of PARP, caspase‐3, caspase‐7, and fragmentation of chromosomal DNA, confirming the previous observation that apoptosis was induced by hyperosmotic stress. Concurrently, hyperosmolality increased the level of accumulation of LC3‐II, a widely used autophagic marker, which was determined by Western blot analysis and confocal microscopy. When glucose and glutamine concentrations were measured during the cultures, glucose and glutamine concentrations in the culture medium at various osmolalities (310–610 mOsm/kg) showed no significant differences. This result suggests that induction of PCD by hyperosmotic stress occurred independently of nutrient depletion. Taken together, autophagy as well as apoptosis was observed in rCHO cells subjected to hyperosmolality. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2010;105: 1187–1192. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Sensitive multiplex RNA quantification using capillary electrophoresis‐based single‐strand conformation polymorphism
Authors: Shin Gi Won , Hwang Hee Sung , Nam Hong Gil , Oh Mi‐Hwa , Jung Gyoo Yeol 
Published: December 2009

AbstractQuantification of RNA provides information crucial for various biological studies, including analysis of mRNA expression and that of microRNAs. Reverse transcription (RT) coupled with real‐time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is known to be the most accurate method for quantifying nucleic acids, and thus represents the state‐of‐the‐art for RNA quantification. However, the use of real‐time PCR for RNA quantification is limited to a single target per analytical run because of reductions in quantification power and limitations of fluorescence dyes associated with multiplex applications. Here, we report a novel multiplex RNA quantification method that uses capillary electrophoresis single‐strand conformation polymorphism (CE‐SSCP) coupled with modified RT and asymmetric PCR. The reverse transcripts of seven in vitro transcribed RNAs were modified with common sequence tags and amplified by asymmetric PCR using primers specific to the common tags. The resulting amplicons were separated and quantified by CE‐SSCP. A series of experiments using different amounts of RNA demonstrated that the assay had a limit of detection of 2 amol and a dynamic range of ∼105. These results clearly indicate the potential of this method to provide robust and precise multiplex RNA quantification. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2010; 106: 167–172. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Hypoxia enhances proliferation of mouse embryonic stem cell‐derived neural stem cells
Authors: Rodrigues Carlos A.V. , Diogo Maria Margarida , da Silva Cláudia Lobato , Cabral Joaquim M.S. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractNeural stem (NS) cells can provide a source of material with potential applications for neural drug testing, developmental studies, or novel treatments for neurodegenerative diseases. Herein, the ex vivo expansion of a model system of mouse embryonic stem (mES) cell‐derived NS cells was characterized and optimized, cells being cultivated under adherent conditions. Culture was first optimized in terms of initial cell plating density and oxygen concentration, known to strongly influence brain‐derived NS cells. To this end, the growth of cells cultured under hypoxic (2%, 5%, and 10% O2) and normoxic (20% O2) conditions was compared. The results showed that 2–5% oxygen, without affecting multipotency, led to fold increase values in total cell number about twice higher than observed under 20% oxygen (20‐fold vs. 10‐fold, respectively) this effect being more pronounced when cells were plated at low density. With an optimal cell density of 104 cells/cm2, the maximum growth rates were 1.9 day−1 under hypoxia versus 1.7 day−1 under normoxia. Cell division kinetics analysis by flow cytometry based on PKH67 tracking showed that when cultured in hypoxia, cells are at least one divisional generation ahead compared to normoxia. In terms of cell cycle, a larger population in a quiescent G0 phase was observed in normoxic conditions. The optimization of NS cell culture performed here represents an important step toward the generation of a large number of neural cells from a reduced initial population, envisaging the potential application of these cells in multiple settings. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2010;106: 260–270. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Analysis of endogenous glutathione‐adducts and their metabolites
Authors: Blair Ian A. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractThe ability to conduct validated analyses of glutathione (GSH)‐adducts and their metabolites is critically important in order to establish whether they play a role in cellular biochemical or pathophysiological processes. The use of stable isotope dilution (SID) methodology in combination with liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC‐MS/MS) provides the highest bioanalytical specificity possible for such analyses. Quantitative studies normally require the high sensitivity that can be obtained by the use of multiple reaction monitoring (MRM)/MS rather than the much less sensitive but more specific full scanning methodology. The method employs a parent ion corresponding to the intact molecule together with a prominent product ion that obtained by collision induced dissociation. Using SID LC‐MRM/MS, analytes must have the same relative LC retention time to the heavy isotope internal standard established during the validation procedure, the correct parent ion and the correct product ion. This level of specificity cannot be attained with any other bioanalytical technique employed for biomarker analysis. This review will describe the application of SID LC‐MR/MS methodology for the analysis of GSH‐adducts and their metabolites. It will also discuss potential future directions for the use of this methodology for rigorous determination of their utility as disease and exposure biomarkers. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
An application of terror management theory in the design of social and health‐related anti‐smoking appeals
Authors: Martin Ingrid M. , Kamins Michael A. 
Published: December 2009

Abstract
Marketers and public policy makers continue to be plagued with the problem of creating effective communications, which can increase the probability of complying with risk avoidance behavior related to smoking. Using Terror Management Theory (TMT) as a theoretical basis, we provide a rationale as to why traditional anti‐smoking appeals focusing on negative health consequences are not impactful. We use the implications of the theory to predict and show that an appeal focusing on social exclusion should be more motivating than a health appeal to encourage smokers to quit in the short and long run. Specifically, we conduct an experiment designed to investigate the impact of mortality salience and self‐esteem on whether college‐age smokers will comply with anti‐smoking messages. We observe that social exclusion messages compared to health effect messages are particularly effective in reducing intentions to smoke for college‐age smokers who derive their self‐esteem in part from smoking. Overall, our results show that mortality salience interacts with self‐esteem in terms of influencing the probability of smoking in the short run and that social exclusion appeals have a stronger impact than health‐related appeals both in reducing long run smoking intention and emphasizing the salience of health‐related consequences of smoking.
Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Electrochemical Machining of Gold Microstructures in LiCl/Dimethyl Sulfoxide
Authors: Ma Xinzhou , Bán Andreas , Schuster Rolf 
Published: December 2009

AbstractLiCl/dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) electrolytes were applied for the electrochemical micromachining of Au. Upon the application of short potential pulses in the nanosecond range to a small carbon‐fiber electrode, three‐dimensional microstructures with high aspect ratios were fabricated. We achieved machining resolutions down to about 100 nm. In order to find appropriate machining parameters, that is, tool and workpiece rest potentials, the electrochemical behavior of Au in LiCl/DMSO solutions with and without addition of water was studied by cyclic voltammetry. In waterless electrolyte Au dissolves predominantly as Au(I), whereas upon the addition of water the formation of Au(III) becomes increasingly important. Because of the low conductivity of LiCl/DMSO compared with aqueous electrolytes, high machining precision is obtained with moderately short pulses. Furthermore, the redeposition of dissolved Au can be effectively avoided, since Au dissolution in LiCl/DMSO is highly irreversible. Both observations render LiCl/DMSO an appropriate electrolyte for the routine electrochemical micromachining of Au.
Mechanism of the Aerobic Oxidation of α‐Pinene
Authors: Neuenschwander Ulrich , Guignard Florian , Hermans Ive 
Published: December 2009

AbstractA combined experimental and theoretical approach is used to study the thermal autoxidation of α‐pinene. Four different types of peroxyl radicals are generated; the verbenyl peroxyl radical being the most abundant one. The peroxyl radicals propagate a long radical chain, implying that chain termination does not play an important role in the production of the products. Two distinct types of propagation steps are active in parallel: the abstraction of allylic H atoms and the addition to the unsaturated CC bond. The efficiency for both pathways appears to depend on the structure of the peroxyl radical. The latter step yields the corresponding epoxide product, as well as alkoxyl radicals. Under the investigated reaction conditions the alkoxyl radicals seem to produce both the alcohol and ketone products, the ketone presumably being formed upon the abstraction of the weakly bonded αH atom by O2. This mechanism explains the predominantly primary nature of all quantified products. At higher conversion, co‐oxidation of the hydroperoxide products constitutes an additional, albeit small, source of alcohol and ketone products.
Maternal hypoxia increases the activity of MMPs and decreases the expression of TIMPs in the brain of neonatal rats
Authors: Tong Wenni , Chen Wanqiu , Ostrowski Robert P. , Ma Qingyi , Souvenir Rhonda , Zhang Lubo , Zhang John H. , Tang Jiping 
Published: December 2009

AbstractA recent study has shown that increased activity of matrix metalloproteinases‐2 and metalloproteinases‐9 (MMP‐2 and MMP‐9) has detrimental effect on the brain after neonatal hypoxia. The present study determined the effect of maternal hypoxia on neuronal survivability and the activity of MMP‐2 and MMP‐9, as well as the expression of tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinase 1 and 2 (TIMP‐1 and TIMP‐2) in the brain of neonatal rats. Pregnant rats were exposed to 10.5% oxygen for 6 days from the gestation day 15 to day 21. Pups were sacrificed at day 0, 4, 7, 14, and 21 after birth. Body weight and brain weight of the pups were measured at each time point. The activity of MMP‐2 and MMP‐9 and the protein abundance of TIMP‐1 and TIMP‐2 were determined by zymography and Western blotting, respectively. The tissue distribution of MMPs was examined by immunofluorescence staining. The neuronal death was detected by Nissl staining. Maternal hypoxia caused significant decreases in body and brain size, increased activity of MMP‐2 at day 0, and increased MMP‐9 at day 0 and 4. The increased activity of the MMPs was accompanied by an overall tendency towards a reduced expression of TIMPs at all ages with the significance observed for TIMPs at day 0, 4, and 7. Immunofluorescence analysis showed an increased expression of MMP‐2, MMP‐9 in the hippocampus at day 0 and 4. Nissl staining revealed significant cell death in the hippocampus at day 0, 4, and 7. Functional tests showed worse neurobehavioral outcomes in the hypoxic animals. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Develop Neurobiol 2010
Tables of key findings and quality of included trials for ‘Interventions for treating obesity in children’
Authors: van Dalen E. C. , Kremer L. C. M. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractThese are tables of key findings and quality of included trials of a Cochrane review, published in this issue of EBCH, first published as: Oude Luttikhuis H, Baur L, Jansen H, Shrewsbury VA, O'Malley C, Stolk RP, Summerbell CD. Interventions for treating obesity in children. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2009, Issue 1. Art. No.: CD001872. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD001872.pub2.Further information for this Cochrane review is available in this issue of EBCH in the accompanying Commentary and Summary. Copyright © 2009 The Cochrane Collaboration. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. The Cochrane Collaboration
Summary of ‘Newborn screening for cystic fibrosis’, including tables of key findings and quality of included trials
Authors: Southern K. W. , Mérelle M. E. , Dankert‐Roelse J. E. , Nagelkerke A. , van Dalen E.C. , Kremer L.C.M. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractThis is a summary, including tables of key findings and quality of included trials, of a Cochrane review, published in this issue of EBCH, first published as: Southern KW, Mérelle ME, Dankert‐Roelse JE, Nagelkerke A. Newborn screening for cystic fibrosis. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2009, Issue 1. Art. No.: CD001402. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD001402.pub2.Further information for this Cochrane review is available in this issue of EBCH in the accompanying Commentary. Copyright © 2009 The Cochrane Collaboration. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. The Cochrane Collaboration
Summary of ‘Drug management for acute tonic‐clonic convulsions including convulsive status epilepticus in children’, including tables of key findings and quality of included trials
Authors: Appleton R. , Macleod S. , Martland T. , van Dalen E.C. , Kremer L.C.M. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractThis is a summary, including tables of key findings and quality of included trials, of a Cochrane review, published in this issue of EBCH, first published as: Appleton R, Macleod S, Martland T. Drug management for acute tonic‐clonic convulsions including convulsive status epilepticus in children. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2008, Issue 3. Art. No.: CD001905. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD001905.pub2.Further information for this Cochrane review is available in this issue of EBCH in the accompanying Commentary. Copyright © 2009 The Cochrane Collaboration. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. The Cochrane Collaboration
Commentary on ‘Oral Zinc for treating diarrhoea in children’, with a response from the review authors
Authors: Roth Daniel E. , Lazzerini Marzia , Ronfani Luca 
Published: December 2009

AbstractThis is a commentary on a Cochrane review, published in this issue of EBCH, first published as: Lazzerini M, Ronfani L. Oral zinc for treating diarrhoea in children. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2008, Issue 3. Art. No.: CD005436. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD005436.pub2.Further information for this Cochrane review is available in this issue of EBCH in the accompanying Summary article. Copyright © 2009 The Cochrane Collaboration. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. The Cochrane Collaboration
Commentary on ‘Drug management for acute tonic‐clonic convulsions including convulsive status epilepticus in children’, with a response from the review authors
Authors: McGillivray David , Dayan Peter , Pusic Martin , Appleton R. , Macleod S. , Martland T. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractThis is a commentary on a Cochrane review, published in this issue of EBCH, first published as: Appleton R, Macleod S, Martland T. Drug management for acute tonic‐clonic convulsions including convulsive status epilepticus in children. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2008, Issue 3. Art. No.: CD001905. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD001905.pub2.Further information for this Cochrane review is available in this issue of EBCH in the accompanying Summary article. Copyright © 2009 The Cochrane Collaboration. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. The Cochrane Collaboration