bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
White Blood Cell Parameters in Patients Diagnosed with COVID-19
Authors: Parashar Neha , Gupta Rashmi Jain , Sajwan Aditi , Kumar Sunil , Garg Sandeep , Kumar Suresh 
Published: April 2024

Aim: The SARS-CoV-2 virus has been a major health concern in recent times, causing a large number of deaths globally. It primarily effects the respiratory and immune system. The present study aimed at analysing the effect of this virus on the white blood cell (WBC) parameters.
Study Design: Retrospective record-based study.
Place and duration of study: The study was conducted at Lok Nayak Hospital, Delhi. It was one of the largest COVID designated hospitals in India during the COVID pandemic. A total of 200 patients admitted to Lok Nayak Hospital during the COVID wave in April-May 2021 and the COVID wave in January-February 2022 were randomly included in the study.
Methodology: The cases were grouped into intensive care unit (ICU) patients and non-ICU patients to compare the association of severity of disease with the WBC parameters.
Results: Patients infected with COVID-19 requiring hospital admission showed leucocytosis in the present study. It was noted that the patients requiring critical care had a significantly higher total leucocyte count (TLC), absolute neutrophil count (ANC), neutrophil lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and neutrophil monocyte ratio (NMR). Though no statistically significant association was noted between absolute lymphocyte count (ALC) and the severity of infection, the ALC was markedly reduced in ICU patients as compared to non-ICU patients (p-value= 0.057).
Conclusion: WBC parameters TLC, ANC, NLR and NMR show significant correlation with severity of COVID-19 infection. These basic haematological parameters can be used to assess severity of COVID-19 infection and treatment response in resource limited conditions.
Asymmetric Hydroxylative Phenol Dearomatization through In Situ Generation of Iodanes from Chiral Iodoarenes and m‐CPBA
Authors: Quideau Stéphane , Lyvinec Gildas , Marguerit Mélanie , Bathany Katell , Ozanne‐Beaudenon Aurélie , Buffeteau Thierry , Cavagnat Dominique , Chénedé Alain 
Published: May 2009

Abstract′I′ is all the hype: A twofold excess of iodoarene in the title reaction leads to ortho‐quinols in good yields, whereas organocatalytic versions of this reaction enable subsequent epoxidation in a regio‐ and diastereoselective fashion. Chiral iodobiarenes led to enantioselectivities up to 50 % ee. m‐CPBA=meta‐chloroperoxybenzoic acid.magnified image
Controlled Oligomerization of Lewis Acid/Base‐Stabilized Phosphanylalanes
Authors: Bodensteiner Michael , Vogel Ulf , Timoshkin Alexey Y. , Scheer Manfred 
Published: May 2009

AbstractPAls should stick together: The cyclo‐trimer 2 is obtained by H2 elimination of Lewis acid/base‐stabilized parent compound of the phosphanylalanes 1. The elimination is controlled by fine tuning the temperature and solvent conditions. A subsequent H2 elimination produces the ladder compound 3. Compounds 2 and 3 are the first of a new class of Group 13/15 compounds which show no additionally donor–acceptor bonds within the framework.magnified image
A new retrograde wiring technique for chronic total occlusion
Authors: Kim Moo Hyun , Yu Long Hao , Mitsudo Kazuaki 
Published: May 2009

AbstractTo improve the success rate of percutaneous coronary intervention for coronary chronic total occlusion (CTO), different strategies of retrograde approach were introduced in recent years. The aim of this report is to describe a new retrograde wiring technique for CTO, the “Bridge or Rendezvous method.” This new technique saves time, reduces cost, as well as reduces procedure‐related complications. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Blood vessels form a migratory scaffold in the rostral migratory stream
Authors: Whitman Mary C. , Fan Wen , Rela Lorena , Rodriguez‐Gil Diego J. , Greer Charles A. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractIn adult mice, new neurons born in the subventricular zone (SVZ), lining the lateral ventricles, migrate tangentially into the olfactory bulb along a well‐delineated path, the rostral migratory stream (RMS). Neuroblasts in the RMS migrate tangentially in chains, without a recognized migratory scaffold. Here we quantitatively examine the distribution of, and relationships between, cells within the RMS, throughout its rostral‐caudal extent. We show that there is a higher density of blood vessels in the RMS than in other brain regions, including areas with equal cell density, and that the orientation of blood vessels parallels the RMS throughout the caudal to rostral path. Of particular interest, migratory neuroblast chains are longitudinally aligned along blood vessels within the RMS, with over 80% of vessel length in rostral areas of the RMS apposed by neuroblasts. Electron micrographs show direct contact between endothelial cells and neuroblasts, although intervening astrocytic processes are often present. Within the RMS, astrocytes arborize extensively, extending long processes that are parallel to blood vessels and the direction of neuroblast migration. Thus, the astrocytic processes establish a longitudinal alignment within the RMS, rather than a more typical stellate shape. This complementary alignment suggests that blood vessels and astrocytes may cooperatively establish a scaffold for migrating neuroblasts, as well as provide and regulate migratory cues. J. Comp. Neurol. 513:94–104, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Peptidergic clock neurons in Drosophila: Ion transport peptide and short neuropeptide F in subsets of dorsal and ventral lateral neurons
Authors: Johard Helena A.D. , Yoishii Taishi , Dircksen Heinrich , Cusumano Paola , Rouyer Francois , Helfrich‐Förster Charlotte , Nässel Dick R. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractAbout 150 clock neurons are clustered in different groups in the brain of Drosophila. Among these clock neurons, some pigment‐dispersing factor (PDF)‐positive and PDF‐negative lateral neurons (LNs) are principal oscillators responsible for bouts of activity in the morning and evening, respectively. The full complement of neurotransmitters in these morning and evening oscillators is not known. By using a screen for candidate neuromediators in clock neurons, we discovered ion transport peptide (ITP) and short neuropeptide F (sNPF) as novel neuropeptides in subpopulations of dorsal (LNds) and ventral (s‐LNvs) LNs. Among the six LNds, ITP was found in one that coexpresses long neuropeptide F (NPF) and cryptochrome. We detected sNPF in two LNds that also express cryptochrome; these cells are distinct from three LNds expressing NPF. Thus, we have identified neuropeptides in five of the six LNds. The three LNds expressing cryptochrome, with either ITP or sNPF, are the only ones with additional projections to the accessory medulla. Among the five s‐LNvs in the adult brain, ITP was detected in the fifth neuron that is devoid of PDF and sNPF in the four neurons that also express PDF. By using a choline acetyltransferase (Cha) Gal4, we detected Cha expression in the two sNPF producing LNds and in the fifth s‐LNv. In the larval brain, two of the four PDF‐producing s‐LNvs coexpress sNPF. Our findings emphasize that the LNds are heterogeneous both anatomically and with respect to content of neuropeptides, cryptochrome, and other markers and suggest diverse functions of these neurons. J. Comp. Neurol. 516:59–73, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Olfactory and amygdalar structures of the chicken ventral pallium based on the combinatorial expression patterns of LIM and other developmental regulatory genes
Authors: Abellán Antonio , Legaz Isabel , Vernier Baptiste , Rétaux Sylvie , Medina Loreta 
Published: May 2009

AbstractWe compared the combinatorial expression patterns of several LIM domain‐containing regulatory genes in the ventrolateral pallium of mouse and chicken, in order to identify the homologues of the ventral pallial amygdala and other olfactory structures in birds. Lmo3, Lmo4, Lhx2, and Lhx9 showed comparable expression patterns in the telencephalon of mouse and chicken, which allowed distinction of the ventrolateral pallium and, particularly, the ventral pallial amygdala and entorhinal cortex. Lmo3 was expressed in most of the ventrolateral pallium in both species, including, in chicken, the piriform cortex and dorsal ventricular ridge (mesopallium, nidopallium, and arcopallium) and, in mouse, the piriform cortex, most of the claustral complex, and the pallial amygdala. Lhx9 was differentially expressed in the ventral pallium, where it was restricted to its rostral (olfactory bulb) and caudal (amygdalar and entorhinal) poles. In the caudal pole, expression of Lhx9 overlapped that of its paralog Lhx2. According to these expression patterns, the chicken ventral pallial amygdala appears to include the caudal dorsolateral pallium, the caudal nidopallium, and the whole arcopallium, and each one relates to a distinct ventricular sector. Finally, the combinatorial expression patterns of Lmo3, Lhx9, and Lmo4 distinguished four distinct subdivisions in the superficial, olfactorecipient area of the chicken ventral pallium, which appear comparable to the piriform, entorhinal, amygdalopiriform, and amygdalar cortices of mammals. The results are discussed in the context of the two existing, opposite views on the homology of the dorsal ventricular ridge of sauropsids and in terms of the evolution of pallial derivatives. J. Comp. Neurol. 516:166–186, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Blocking Dishevelled signaling in the noncanonical Wnt pathway in sea urchins disrupts endoderm formation and spiculogenesis, but not secondary mesoderm formation
Authors: Byrum Christine A. , Xu Ronghui , Bince Joanna M. , McClay David R. , Wikramanayake Athula H. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractDishevelled (Dsh) is a phosphoprotein key to beta‐catenin dependent (canonical) and beta‐catenin independent (noncanonical) Wnt signaling. Whereas canonical Wnt signaling has been intensively studied in sea urchin development, little is known about other Wnt pathways. To examine roles of these beta‐catenin independent pathways in embryogenesis, we used Dsh‐DEP, a deletion construct blocking planar cell polarity (PCP) and Wnt/Ca2+ signaling. Embryos overexpressing Dsh‐DEP failed to gastrulate or undergo skeletogenesis, but produced pigment cells. Although early mesodermal gene expression was largely unperturbed, embryos exhibited reduced expression of genes regulating endoderm specification and differentiation. Overexpressing activated beta‐catenin failed to rescue Dsh‐DEP embryos, indicating that Dsh‐DEP blocks endoderm formation downstream of initial canonical Wnt signaling. Because Dsh‐DEP‐like constructs block PCP signaling in other metazoans, and disrupting RhoA or Fz 5/8 in echinoids blocks subsets of the Dsh‐DEP phenotypes, our data suggest that noncanonical Wnt signaling is crucial for sea urchin endoderm formation and skeletogenesis. Developmental Dynamics 238:1649–1665, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Chiral Brønsted‐Acid‐Catalyzed Enantioselective Arylation of Ethyl Trifluoroacetoacetate and Ethyl Trifluoropyruvate
Authors: Nie Jing , Zhang Guang‐Wu , Wang Lian , Zheng Dong‐Hua , Zheng Yan , Ma Jun‐An 
Published: May 2009

AbstractChiral phosphoric acid was found to be an effective organocatalysts for the direct enantioselective arylation of ethyl 4,4,4‐trifluoroacetoacetate (ETFAA). A series of chiral trifluoromethyl‐substituted tertiary alcohols were obtained in moderate to high yields with up to 78 % ee. Several desired products were obtained with excellent optical purities after a single recrystallization. This method was also extended to ethyl trifluoropyruvate, which is complementary to systems catalyzed by Lewis acids and cinchona alkaloids.(© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2009)
The role of catechols and free radicals in benzene toxicity: An oxidative DNA damage pathway
Authors: Barreto George , Madureira Diego , Capani Francisco , Aon‐Bertolino Laura , Saraceno Ezequiel , Alvarez‐Giraldez Lisandro Diego 
Published: May 2009

AbstractBenzene is a widespread volatile compound and an environmental contaminant. Since it causes important toxic effects in workers exposed to low levels, long‐term exposure to this compound has been extensively studied. Leukemia, blood disorders, bone marrow depression, and some types of cancer are directly related to benzene‐initiated toxicity. Bioactivation of benzene can lead to the formation of hazardous metabolites such as phenol, hydroquinone, and catechol. Catechol forms semiquinones and reactive quinones that are presumed to play an important role in the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). ROS formation can directly induce single and double strand breaks in the DNA, oxidized nucleotides, and hyper‐recombination, and consequently produces deleterious genetic changes. In this review, we have addressed the cytotoxic effects of benzene and its main metabolite, catechol, focusing on the oxidative pathway and further DNA damage. Environ. Mol. Mutagen. 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Evaluation of a suitable DNA damage biomarker for human biomonitoring of exposed workers
Authors: Cavallo Delia , Ursini Cinzia Lucia , Rondinone Bruna , Iavicoli Sergio 
Published: May 2009

AbstractThe objective of this study was to identify a sensitive and noninvasive biomarker of early genotoxic effects, for health risk assessment of workers exposed to mixtures of low doses of xenobiotics. We studied 30 workers exposed to antineoplastic drugs, 57 workers exposed to different mixtures of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) (41 airport workers and 16 paving workers) and 76 controls. Comet and micronucleus (MN) tests were performed on lymphocytes and exfoliated buccal cells. The MN assay on lymphocytes did not show significant differences between exposed and controls, while the MN assay on exfoliated buccal cells showed higher values in workers exposed to antineoplastics as compared with controls (0.85 vs. 0.48, P = 0.042). The comet assay on lymphocytes showed a higher comet percentage value (18.11 vs. 11.24 in controls, P = 0.001) and mean tail moment (TM) value (21.84 vs. 16.72 in controls, P = 0.003) in individuals exposed to PAHs as compared with controls; no significant differences were found in exposed to antineoplastics. The comet assay on exfoliated buccal cells did not show significant differences between exposed and control groups for comet percentages, whereas the TM value was higher in workers exposed to PAHs (55.1 vs. 32.31 for controls, P < 0.001). These results show that exfoliated buccal cells, obtained by a noninvasive procedure, represent robust target cells to assess the occupational exposure to inhalable mixture of chemicals at low doses. The comet assay seems to be suitable to promptly evaluate the genotoxic effects of PAHs mixtures that also contain volatile substances. The MN test is suitable to evaluate the effects of antineoplastics. Environ. Mol. Mutagen. 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Linking landslides, hillslope erosion, and landscape evolution
Authors: Korup Oliver 
Published: May 2009

AbstractThis Virtual Issue highlights 10 recent innovative, unconventional, or otherwise significant contributions to Earth Surface Processes and Landforms that help advance the state‐of‐the‐art in research on linkages between landslides, hillslope erosion, and landscape evolution. The selected studies address this feedback within a temporal spectrum that ranges from the event to the millennial scale, thus underscoring the importance of detailed field observations, high‐resolution digital topographic data, and geochronological methods for increasing our capability of quantifying landslide processes and hillslope erosion. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Influence of carbonation on aroma release from liquid systems using an artificial throat and a proton transfer reaction–mass spectrometric technique (PTR–MS)
Authors: Pozo‐Bayón Maria Ángeles , Santos Mónica , Martín‐Álvarez Pedro J. , Reineccius Gary 
Published: May 2009

AbstractTo determine whether carbonation affects aroma release from liquid systems, carbonated and non‐carbonated flavoured model systems were prepared and volatile release was determined under static (equilibrium) and dynamic conditions. A model flavour system was added as a single compound or as a mixture of the six aroma compounds used in this study. Volatile release under dynamic conditions involved using a home‐made device simulating an artificial throat, coupled to a proton transfer mass spectrometer (PTR–MS). The results showed that carbonation increased the release of most of the aroma compounds in both static and in dynamic testing conditions. The extent of this effect depended, however, on the physicochemical characteristics of the aroma compounds (the most volatile and most hydrophobic compounds were affected more). Release was also increased if the aroma compounds were added as a mixture rather than as individual compounds. CO2 appears to be a key factor responsible for the enhanced release of flavourings from carbonated liquid systems. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Expression and role of adrenomedullin in renal tumors and value of its mRNA levels as prognostic factor in clear‐cell renal carcinoma
Authors: Deville Jean‐Laurent , Bartoli Catherine , Berenguer Caroline , Fernandez‐Sauze Samantha , Kaafarani Itidal , Delfino Christine , Fina Frederic , Salas Sébastien , Muracciole Xavier , Mancini Julien , Lechevallier Eric , Martin Pierre‐Marie , Figarella‐Branger Dominique , Ouafik L'Houcine , Daniel Laurent 
Published: May 2009

AbstractAntiangiogenic therapies are used for advanced clear‐cell renal carcinomas (cRCC), but without curative possibilities, underlining the need for new therapeutic targets. Adrenomedullin (AM), a multifunctional peptide, is highly expressed in several tumors and plays an important role in angiogenesis and tumor growth through its receptors: calcitonin receptor‐like receptor/receptor activity‐modifying protein 2 and 3 (CLR/RAMP2 and CLR/RAMP3). In this study, real‐time quantitative reverse‐transcription‐PCR showed AM mRNA levels were higher in cRCC and in chromophobe renal carcinomas (chRCC) than in normal renal tissue. Interestingly, AM mRNA expression in cRCC correlated strongly with VEGF‐A mRNA expression. Immunohistochemically, AM, CLR and RAMP2 were localized in the carcinomatous epithelial compartment of cRCC. Interestingly, RAMP3 immunostaining was found only in the inflammatory cells that infiltrated tumors, suggesting a cross talk between tumor cells and the microenvironment. We also observed that cRCC cells BIZ and 786‐O expressed and secreted AM into the culture medium. In vitro, exogenous AM treatment stimulated cell proliferation, migration and invasion, indicating the cell can respond to AM. The action of AM was specific and was mediated by the CLR/RAMP2 and CLR/RAMP3 receptors. Clinical data showed the prognostic value of AM. High AM mRNA levels were associated with an increased risk of relapse after curative nephrectomy for cRCC. These findings highlight the implication of the AM pathway in the metastatic process and the prognostic relevance of AM in cRCC and point to a potential new therapeutic target. © 2009 UICC
Changing nuclear landscape and unique PML structures during early epigenetic transitions of human embryonic stem cells
Authors: Butler John T. , Hall Lisa L. , Smith Kelly P. , Lawrence Jeanne B. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractThe complex nuclear structure of somatic cells is important to epigenomic regulation, yet little is known about nuclear organization of human embryonic stem cells (hESC). Here we surveyed several nuclear structures in pluripotent and transitioning hESC. Observations of centromeres, telomeres, SC35 speckles, Cajal Bodies, lamin A/C and emerin, nuclear shape and size demonstrate a very different “nuclear landscape” in hESC. This landscape is remodeled during a brief transitional window, concomitant with or just prior to differentiation onset. Notably, hESC initially contain abundant signal for spliceosome assembly factor, SC35, but lack discrete SC35 domains; these form as cells begin to specialize, likely reflecting cell‐type specific genomic organization. Concomitantly, nuclear size increases and shape changes as lamin A/C and emerin incorporate into the lamina. During this brief window, hESC exhibit dramatically different PML‐defined structures, which in somatic cells are linked to gene regulation and cancer. Unlike the numerous, spherical somatic PML bodies, hES cells often display ∼1–3 large PML structures of two morphological types: long linear “rods” or elaborate “rosettes”, which lack substantial SUMO‐1, Daxx, and Sp100. These occur primarily between Day 0–2 of differentiation and become rare thereafter. PML rods may be “taut” between other structures, such as centromeres, but clearly show some relationship with the lamina, where PML often abuts or fills a “gap” in early lamin A/C staining. Findings demonstrate that pluripotent hES cells have a markedly different overall nuclear architecture, remodeling of which is linked to early epigenomic programming and involves formation of unique PML‐defined structures. J. Cell. Biochem. 107: 609–621, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Regular path decompositions of odd regular graphs
Authors: Favaron Odile , Genest François , Kouider Mekkia 
Published: May 2009

AbstractKotzig asked in 1979 what are necessary and sufficient conditions for a d‐regular simple graph to admit a decomposition into paths of length d for odd d>3. For cubic graphs, the existence of a 1‐factor is both necessary and sufficient. Even more, each 1‐factor is extendable to a decomposition of the graph into paths of length 3 where the middle edges of the paths coincide with the 1‐factor. We conjecture that existence of a 1‐factor is indeed a sufficient condition for Kotzig's problem. For general odd regular graphs, most 1‐factors appear to be extendable and we show that for the family of simple 5‐regular graphs with no cycles of length 4, all 1‐factors are extendable. However, for d>3 we found infinite families of d‐regular simple graphs with non‐extendable 1‐factors. Few authors have studied the decompositions of general regular graphs. We present examples and open problems; in particular, we conjecture that in planar 5‐regular graphs all 1‐factors are extendable. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Graph Theory 63: 114–128, 2010