bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Experimental Evaluation of a Modular Electric Barrier for the Deterrence of Invasive Carp
Authors: Collins Scott F. , Porreca Anthony , Nannini Michael , Butler Steven E. , Broadway Kyle , Parkos Joseph J. , Wahl David H. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
We conducted a series of studies to assess the effectiveness of an electric barrier in deterring the movements of freshwater fish. Fish responses (detections·individual−1·hr−1 within the 3 m exclusion zone) were quantified for a mixed assemblage of native and nonnative fishes within 0.4 ha ponds. Additionally, we mapped the surface voltages generated by the electric barrier in a nearby stream. The electric barrier (operated at 10 kW) was effective at deterring native and invasive fishes, as &gt; 99% of all fish detections within the exclusion zone occurred while the electric barrier was off. However, some fish detections occurred while the system was operated at full power, indicating the electric barrier was not 100% effective. A follow-up study found that fish responses differed between low (3.6 kW), medium (6.6 kW), and high (10 kW) field strengths, with smallmouth buffalo Ictiobus bubalus exhibiting a greater sensitivity to the low setting than bighead carp Hypophthalmichthys nobilis and silver carp H. molitrix. Maps of the surface voltages within a nearby stream indicated that the electric barrier was strong enough to deter silver carp (&gt; 1 V/cm). However, the surface voltages quickly dissipated upstream and downstream of the electrodes. Overall, the electric barrier appears to be an effective tool that can be used to combat the spread of invasive fishes in freshwater environments. However, more evaluations are needed to test how the system performs in different conditions and to identify whether fish of varying sizes or life stages respond similarly.
Use of Fin Rays and Fin Spines in Nonlethal Age Estimation of Florida Bass
Authors: Lindelien Summer , Parkyn Daryl C. , Anderson Chris C. , O’Connor Jason H. , Dutterer Andrew C. , Schueller Paul 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Nonlethal age-estimation methods for Florida Bass Micropterus salmoides using fin rays and spines would enhance trophy-bass research, management, and conservation. Nonlethal removal of fin structures would also expand opportunities for collecting age-related information, specifically during small-population projects as well as tournaments and citizen-science programs, for which sacrificing fish is not an option. We assessed the bias of age estimates derived from Florida Bass anal-, pelvic-, dorsal-, and pectoral-fin rays and anal-, pelvic-, and dorsal-fin spines by comparing them to age estimates derived from otoliths (i.e., sagittae), which are the standard for aging Florida Bass. We evaluated the precision of age estimates by calculating the absolute difference between replicate reads of each aging structure for each reader. Linear-mixed effects model selection indicated that precision was most affected by age, structure, and the age*structure interaction, in which the effect of age varied by structure. Age estimates from otoliths were the most precise, whereas pelvic spines were the least precise among all structures examined. Bias was similar across all fin structures, but the effect of age on bias varied by reader. Marginal increment analysis indicated that annulus formation was completed from November to March in Florida Bass dorsal spines, 5 mon earlier than in Florida Bass otoliths. Our results suggest that nonlethally removed fin structures, especially dorsal spines, have potential for use in estimating age, growth rates, mortality, and age structure of bass populations, which could be particularly beneficial where bass can reach unusual trophy sizes.
Nantes, une ville imprégnée de musiques à la fin du xviiie siècle
Authors: Besson-Guy Béatrice 
Published: June 2024

Nantes, porte d’entrée vers la Bretagne, aussi maritime que fluviale, est à la fin du xviiie siècle la ville la plus importante de la province. L’activité musicale y est examinée à travers les deux principales institutions que sont l’Église et le Concert. Si compétences et acteurs sont en principe spécifiques, dans la pratique, les interactions se multiplient, créant une vie musicale foisonnante. Qu’en est-il des musiciens d’Église ? À partir de 1727, le chapitre cathédral, les yeux rivés sur Paris, redéfinit sa stratégie musicale qu’il veut à l’aune des grandes cathédrales. La notoriété du maître de musique Cappa-Lescot ou de l’organiste Joubert, compositeurs de musiques religieuses et profanes, n’a-t-elle pas contribué à leur recrutement ? Sont mises en avant les porosités entre les acteurs musicaux, tout comme les tensions, les ambigüités du chapitre vis-à-vis de ses musiciens engagés pour des talents exercés au-delà de l’enceinte cathédrale. Marchands de musique, facteurs d’instruments, musiciens venus s’installer à Nantes participent à ce mouvement. Alors que pour certains la Révolution intervient comme un couperet, d’autres, acquis aux idées nouvelles, tirent leur épingle du jeu et occupent les nouveaux espaces musicaux.
Être musicien d’Église au xviiie siècle, une affaire de famille ?
Authors: Mussat Marie-Claire 
Published: June 2024

Comment devient-on musicien d’Église ? Quel est l’impact de la famille sur le choix et la formation ? Le travail mené sur les musiciens d’Église ayant exercé au xviiie siècle dans les trois diocèses (Rennes, Saint-Malo et Dol), constitutifs du département d’Ille-et-Vilaine, met en évidence des configurations variées : la reproduction du modèle paternel, la création de véritables dynasties, principalement chez les organistes (Les Duparc et Leplat à Rennes, les Bertrand à Vitré et autour), l’existence de fratries telle celle des Beauchemin, répartie entre Saint-Brieuc et Saint-Malo, le dynamisme d’une bande de cousins à Fougères. Une attention particulière a été portée aux femmes musiciennes d’Église, qu’elles soient filles et petites-filles d’organistes ou non, ainsi qu’aux musiciennes des couvents (Augustines de Vitré) dont on entrevoit la formation et les responsabilités. Peu à peu émerge la nécessité d’interventions extérieures (formation continue, perfectionnement) tandis que se met en place à Fougères, dans les années 1770, une véritable école d’orgue dans un contexte novateur. On passe ainsi de « fils de » « à élève de ».
La représentation des anges musiciens dans l’art breton des xviie et xviiie siècles
Authors: Hamoury Maud 
Published: June 2024

Au cours du Moyen Âge, les représentations des anges musiciens fleurissent dans toute l’Europe et sur des supports variés. Si le concile de Trente a entraîné un léger recul de la représentation de cette pratique, les anges musiciens n’en demeurent pas moins présents dans l’art breton des xviie et xviiie siècles. La fonction première de l’ange musicien est la louange de Dieu par le chant et la musique. C’est donc tout naturellement, qu’ils décorent les voûtes peintes symbolisant le ciel mais aussi les tribunes d’orgue. Dans la peinture de chevalet, ils accompagnent le culte de la Vierge (Couronnement ou Assomption) ou le culte des saints comme Saint François d’Assise en extase. Dans la sculpture, ils trônent sur les abat-voix des chaires, ils font office de blochets ou ornent les retables. Outre l’intérêt de ces représentations pour l’histoire de l’art, elles apparaissent également comme un témoignage des instruments de musique utilisés à cette période.
A Cluster of Severe Myositis with Rhabdomyolysis Identified During the Zika Virus Outbreak in Thiruvananthapuram, India, 2021
Authors: Niyas Vettakkara Kandy Muhammed , Arjun Rajalakshmi , Vijayan Deepak , Yadav Pragya D. , Muralidharan Raman , Thomas Sujith , Sahay Rima Rakeshkumar , Pookunju Shamnad , Murlidharan Praveen , Balan Satish , Deshpande Gururaj Rao , Sapkal Gajanan N. , Rajesh Subramonia Pillay , Mahendran Bhuvanesh , Chandran Suresh , Sasidharan Syamlal , Abraham Rachel , Leenadevi Kokkuvayil Raghavan 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background:
A cluster of patients with severe myositis and rhabdomyolysis was identified in a tertiary care hospital during the Zika virus (ZIKV) outbreak in Thiruvananthapuram district of Kerala state, India, 2021. We report their clinical features, laboratory investigations and virological studies.

Materials and Methods:
An electronic medical record based retrospective analysis of these cases was done. Clinical details, laboratory investigations including virological investigations were noted.

Results:
11 patients with severe myositis and rhabdomyolysis were admitted in July-August 2021. Most patients developed severe rhabdomyolysis with acute kidney injury. Virological investigations were available in six patients. ZIKV RNA was detected by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction in urine sample of one patient. Four patients tested positive for anti-ZIKV immunoglobulin M (IgM) antibodies by ELISA. Among the four patients who tested positive for ZIKV by ELISA, two tested positive for anti-dengue IgM antibodies by ELISA; while in the other two, the test was equivocal. PRNT90 assay performed in all six patients showed flaviviruses cross-reactive neutralizing antibodies.

Conclusion:
Our observations point toward a possible association between ZIKV disease and severe myositis. Further epidemiological and virological studies are warranted.
Face Masks: Boon or Bane? A Multimethod Study on Utilization Pattern and Short-term Effects of Face Masks on Adults in Central Kerala
Authors: Kumar Varun V. , Thomas Ankita Mariam , Saji Liya Anna , Sebastian Shaliet Rose 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background:
Face masks have been an inseparable part of one’s day to day ensemble worldwide for over the past two years. There is no two opinion regarding the usefulness of face masks in the control of the community transmission of COVID-19. However the use of mask is not without adverse effects.

Objective:
To study the utilization pattern and short term effects of facemasks on health of study participants.

Materials and Methods:
A cross-sectional mixed method study was carried out among the 210 adult participants of age above 18 years. Variables were expressed using proportions. The qualitative data collected was analysed using thematic analysis and classified into themes and subthemes.

Results:
The present study found that there was a decrease in the incidence of allergies and headaches by 52% and 49 % respectively. An extensive majority of 134 (63.8%) study participants reported an increased incidence of sweating and disturbance around the orofacial region with continued usage pattern.

Conclusion:
On a positive note, in healthy populations, wearing a mask does not appear to cause any harmful physiological alterations on the health of the community.
Comparison of treatment outcomes between nonsurgical and percutaneous pinning of distal radius fracture in elderly
Authors: Hegazy Mohammed O. , Farag Hossam E. , Abdellatif Ahmed E. 
Published: June 2024

Background
Distal radius fractures (DRFs) are commonly encountered in orthopedic practice, especially in elderly patients. A number of clinical papers have supported the idea that anatomic restoration of the distal end of the radius is essential to gain superior results.

Purpose
To introduce a systematic review and meta-analysis about the results of DRF treatment in the elderly with nonoperative treatment in comparison with percutaneous pinning.

Patients and methods
This meta-analysis and systematic review were conducted in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. Medline, Cochrane, EMBASE, and Google Scholar databases were searched until November 2020, using combinations of the following search terms: DRF, wrist fractures, Colles fractures and Smith fractures, conservative treatment, nonoperative treatment, nonsurgical treatment, surgical treatment, operative, pinning, elderly, and older. Reference lists of relevant studies were manually searched.

Results
In total, five studies were included from 2005 to 2011 with total cases 265. There was statistically significant heterogeneity in the studies (I2=86.21%, P<0.0001). Using the random-effect model, the outcome results revealed that extension was significantly different in percutaneous pinning and casting group versus nonsurgical group (mean, 95% confidence interval: 69.89–93.69) with absence of publication bias.

Conclusion
The outcome results revealed that there was no significant difference between the nonsurgical and percutaneous pinning treatments of DRF in the elderly regarding grip strength, pronation, supination range of motion, and ulnar variance (pre). We also found that there was no clinically significant difference in the functional (Patient-Rated Wrist Evaluation and Disabilities of Arm, Shoulder and Hand) scores. Thus, the two methods have similar results.
Intra-articular platelet-rich plasma versus hyaluronic acid injections in patients with advanced knee osteoarthritis
Authors: El-Zayat Ahmed Ramzy , El Sayed Haytham 
Published: June 2024

Background
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic disease that can be treated by several modality, one of which intra-articular injection. Hyaluronic acid (HA) and platelet-rich plasma (PRP) were approved in the management of OA grade 2 and grade 3 with good response. The aim of this study was to compare the effect of intra-articular injection of PRP versus HA in patients with knee OA grade 4.

Patients and methods
The study was carried out on 67 patients having knee OA grade 4, who were divided into two groups: group 1 included 33 patients who were treated with intra-articular injection of leukocyte-low PRP, and group 2 included 34 patients who were treated with intra-articular injection of high-molecular-weight hyaluronic acid. Both groups were evaluated according to the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) and MRI before and 6 months after injection.

Results
In group 1, there were no statistically significant improvements in total WOMAC score and WOMAC score of pain, stiffness, and function in both knees and no statistically significant difference in cartilage thickness of the knee measured by MRI. In group 2, there were statistically significant improvement in total WOMAC score and WOMAC score of pain and function in both knees, no statistically significant improvement in WOMAC score of stiffness, and no statistically significant differences in cartilage thickness of the knee measured by MRI. Comparing the two groups, intra-articular injection of HA showed significant improvement than that of PRP in the management of grade 4 knees OA.

Conclusions
The effect of intra-articular injection of HA is better than that of PRP in the management of grade 4 knees OA.
MRI versus diagnostic arthroscopy of the knee to evaluate meniscal tears
Authors: Ali Hesham , Yehya Mohamed 
Published: June 2024

Background
This study compares between the results of MRI and diagnostic arthroscopy of the knee to evaluate meniscal tears.

Patients and methods
A total of 32 patients who had undergone MRI of the knee between March 2018 and May 2020 were selected for the study in whom arthroscopy had also been performed. All knees had been investigated for possible meniscal tears. The MRI results were compared with those of arthroscopy. The arthroscopic results were used as the gold standard to recognize if meniscal tear is present or not. Of the 32 patients, 24 were males and eight were females. The average age was 31 years (range, 22–45 years). Patients who had a discoid lateral meniscus, history of meniscal surgery, or prior surgery on the injured knee were excluded from the study. The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy were calculated based on arthroscopic findings.

Results
The time between MRI and arthroscopy was 7–10 weeks (average, 8 weeks). In certain cases, a difference was noted between the MRI and arthroscopic findings for revealing the meniscal tears. False-positive MRI result was found in one (3.1%) patient and false-negative MRI result was found in five (15.6%) patients. The accuracy of MRI in the evaluation of meniscal tears was 90.58%.

Conclusions
MRI is a noninvasive and exceptionally a sensitive method of investigation that may detect early and slight abnormalities within the menisci. However, MRI is not 100% accurate; if MRI result is reported as negative but the patient keeps complaining of continuing symptoms, then arthroscopy should be considered.
Short-term evaluation of combined Scarf and Akin osteotomies for treatment of hallux valgus
Authors: Zakaria Ahmed R. , Bayomy El Sayed M. 
Published: June 2024

Background
Despite Scarf osteotomy was described earlier in the 20th century, it was popularized later in 2000 after modification of the original technique. The combined Scarf–Akin osteotomies were described for surgical correction of the hallux valgus, but with no significant consideration for the patient satisfaction.

Patients and methods
Twenty-three patients with unilateral painful hallux valgus deformity were treated with combined Scarf and Akin osteotomies. All patients were evaluated clinically (using American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society-Hallux Metatarsophalangeal–Interphalangeal scale scores) and radiologically (hallux valgus angle, intermetatarsal angle, union, evidence of degenerative changes, and joint congruity) after 12 months of follow-up. All the patients were then asked about their satisfaction and if they would undergo the same surgery under similar circumstances in the future.

Results
There were 15 females and eight males with an average age 38.8 ± 2.4 years. The mean preoperative American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society was 55.4 that significantly improved to 87.2 postoperatively (P<0.001). There was a significant reduction of the mean hallux valgus angle and the mean intermetatarsal angle preoperatively and postoperatively (P=0.03 and 0.034, respectively). One patient complained of a prominent screw postoperatively, while two patients suffered from superficial wound infection. At 12 months postoperatively, all operated patients were satisfied with their results and indicated that they would be happy to undergo surgery again under similar circumstances.

Conclusion
Despite the short follow-up period in our study, the combined Scarf and Akin osteotomies are a safe and effective method for treatment for hallux valgus deformity that provides statistically significant clinical and radiographic improvements with excellent patient satisfaction.

Level of evidence
Level-IV case-series study.
Open reduction and internal fixation of depressed intra-articular calcaneal fractures through a miniopen approach
Authors: Abdelrazek Begad H.M.Z. , Waly Mohamed R. 
Published: June 2024

Background
Fractures of the calcaneus pose a great challenge both to surgeons and patients. They are considered life-changing injuries. Anatomical reduction of fragments is one of the important variables affecting outcome. Extensile lateral approach has been used widely to facilitate good visualization and reduction. Skin complications like wound infection and dehiscence are a major concern. Therefore minimally invasive approaches came to fame. However, the use of less rigid fixation in minimally invasive techniques has led to inferior results.

Aim
The aim was to combine the merits of rigid fixation and minimally invasive approaches.

Patients and methods
Twenty-three patients with calcaneal fractures were operated upon and followed for a mean of 6 months. All patients were operated upon in the prone or lateral position under tourniquet. A miniopen sinus tarsi approach was used for fracture reduction and fixation. The latter was achieved using a calcaneal miniplate and screws. Patients were assessed radiographically for restoration of Bohler and Gissane angles, clinically using American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society score (AOFAS) and the visual analog score for pain.

Results
All patients showed a significant improvement in the mean Bohler and Gissane angles. The majority of the patients scored very good on the AOFAS score, the mean being 83 ± 4. The mean visual analog scale was 3. Mean time to full weight bearing was 12.5 ± 2 weeks after full radiological union was achieved.

Conclusion
Miniplate fixation through miniopen approach combines the merits of open reduction and internal fixation and minimally invasive techniques. Longer follow-up is however required to establish its superiority over screw-only fixation constructs.
Primary treatment of femoral neck fracture in young adults using valgus osteotomy and fixation by dynamic hip screw combined with cannulated screw
Authors: El Naggar Ahmed , Nafea Waleed , Fawzy Mohsen 
Published: June 2024

Background
For most femoral neck fractures in young adults, the recommended fixation technique is with multiple cancellous lag screws. The Pauwels types I and II fractures are the most amenable to this type of fixation. A Pauwels type III fracture is a vertically oriented fracture with more than 50° inclination angle from the horizontal line on an anteroposterior radiograph. This fracture is both axially and rotationally unstable and experiences increased shear forces leading to a higher rate of failure and nonunion. The treatment of this type of fracture remains controversial. Various treatment modalities have been proposed to improve the outcome of the treatment, such as treatment with valgus osteotomy and fixation with dynamic hip screw (DHS) and cannulated screws. The valgus osteotomy converts the shear force into compression increasing the stability of the implant.

Patient and methods
A total of 12 patients (10 males and two females) with acute Pauwels type III femoral neck fractures in the age group 22–48 years (mean, 28.5 years) were managed with valgus osteotomy and fixation with DHS and cannulated screws. The patients were followed up from 1 to 3 years (mean, 20 months).

Results
Clinically, the patients were evaluated according to the Harris Hip Score. Excellent results were achieved in eight patients, good in three, and fair in one. No evidence of infection occurred in any patient. Radiologically, the fracture united in all cases 6 months postoperatively. Avascular necrosis occurred in one case.

Conclusion
Vertical femoral neck fractures in young adults can be safely managed using valgus osteotomy and fixation with DHS augmented by cannulated screws.
Making short-segment posterior fixation more successful in treatment of unstable thoracolumbar fracture
Authors: Nafea Waleed , Fawzy Mohsen 
Published: June 2024

Background
Short-segment posterior fixation (SSPF) is liable to failure in unstable thoracolumbar fracture because of disruption of load-bearing anterior column. Intermediate screw and intracorporeal transpedicular grafting increase the stability of construct and enhance fracture healing, thereby avoiding long-segment posterior fixation and demanding anterior surgery in unstable thoracolumbar fracture.

Patients and methods
There were 20 patients with unstable thoracolumbar fractures treated with SSPF and TIG. These patients were followed for at least 14 months for to assess clinical improvement and the ability of the technique to reduce the fractures and maintain kyphosis correction with absence of implant failure.

Result
All patients were operated within the first week, with a mean time delay of 3.4 days. There were no cases with deep postoperative infection, iatrogenic dural tear, deterioration of neurologic deficit, or implant failure. The mean local kyphosis angle was 22.9° preoperatively, 9.7° postoperatively, and 11° at final examination. The mean anterior height collapse was 55.9% preoperatively, 87.5% postoperatively, and 79.8% at final examination.

Conclusion
SSPF with intermediate screw and TIG is an effective and safe technique in the treatment of unstable thoracolumbar fracture, with good clinical and radiological results.