bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Membrane vesicles containing matrix metalloproteinase‐9 and fibroblast growth factor‐2 are released into the extracellular space from mouse mesoangioblast stem cells
Authors: Candela Maria Elena , Geraci Fabiana , Turturici Giuseppina , Taverna Simona , Albanese Ida , Sconzo Gabriella 
Published: March 2010

AbstractCertain proteins, including fibroblast growth factor‐2 (FGF‐2) and matrix metalloproteinase‐9 (MMP‐9), have proved very effective in increasing the efficacy of mesoangioblast stem cell therapy in repairing damaged tissue. We provide the first evidence that mouse mesoangioblast stem cells release FGF‐2 and MMP‐9 in their active form through the production of membrane vesicles. These vesicles are produced and turned over continuously, but are stable for some time in the extracellular milieu. Mesoangioblasts shed membrane vesicles even under oxygen tensions that are lower than those typically used for cell culture and more like those of mouse tissues. These findings suggest that mesoangioblasts may themselves secrete paracrine signals and factors that make damaged tissues more amenable to cell therapy through the release of membrane vesicles. J. Cell. Physiol. 224:144–151, 2010 © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Unusual sonographic appearance of a huge angiomyolipoma of the liver
Authors: Li Rui , Zhang Xiao‐Hang , Hua Xing 
Published: March 2010

AbstractHepatic angiomyolipoma is a rare, benign, hepatic mesenchymal neoplasm. We report a case of an extremely large hepatic angiomyolipoma in a 58‐year‐old woman with unusual sonographic features. The tumor was well demarcated from the surrounding liver and showed a heterogeneous cystic appearance with a thick echogenic rim. Color Doppler showed blood flow in the echogenic rim and around the lesion. Contrast sonography demonstrated strong enhancement in the solid rim from early arterial phase to the late phase and no enhancement in the central cystic part of the lesion. Spiral CT showed a well‐defined huge heterogeneous cystic mass with fatty density. At surgery the tumor was soft and encapsulated with a thin, smooth membrane. The cut surface of the tumor revealed a cystic appearance with necrotic tissue. The diagnosis of hepatic angiomyolipoma was confirmed by immunohistochemistry. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound, 2010
Evaluation of local recurrence after treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma by contrast‐enhanced ultrasonography using Sonazoid: Comparison with dynamic computed tomography
Authors: Shiozawa Kazue , Watanabe Manabu , Takayama Ryuji , Takahashi Masayoshi , Wakui Noritaka , Iida Kazunari , Sumino Yasukiyo 
Published: March 2010

AbstractPurpose.To evaluate the effectiveness of contrast‐enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS) using Sonazoid for the diagnosis of the local recurrence after treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) by comparing it with dynamic CT.Methods.Seventy‐one patients with 87 HCC lesions (mean ± SD; 19.5 ± 9.6 mm) underwent CEUS using Sonazoid and dynamic CT after radiofrequency ablation (n = 55), transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (n = 22), or radiofrequency ablation combined with transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (n = 10). Two hepatologists (observer 1; 10 years of experience, and 2; 20 years of experience) reviewed the CEUS and dynamic CT images independently and evaluated presence or absence of the local recurrence. Diagnostic performance for the local recurrence was assessed using receiver operating characteristic curve analysis.Results.The Az value for dynamic CT was significantly lower in observer 1 than 2 (p < 0.05). The sensitivity of CEUS was 79% in observer 1 and 83.9% in observer 2, and that of dynamic CT was 83.9% and 90.3%, respectively. The specificity of CEUS was 96%, and that of dynamic CT was 92%, in both observers.Conclusion.This study suggests that CEUS using Sonazoid is less affected by the observer's experience and is more accurate in the diagnosis of local recurrence after treatment for HCC than dynamic CT. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound, 2010
Anomalous Raman phenomenon of CuCrS2
Authors: Abramova G. M. , Petrakovskiy G. A. , Vtyurin A. N. , Rasch J. C. E. , Krylov A. S. , Gerasimova J. V. , Velikanov D. A. , Boehm V. M. , Sokolov V. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractStructural dynamics of the layered CuCrS2 is investigated for the first time by using the Raman scattering method in 78–295 K temperature range on the samples synthesized by different methods. The Raman and IR spectra of CuCrS2 were simulated within the valence force field model with the LADY program. The results presented indicate that the lattice dynamics of CuCrS2 depends strongly on the real microstructure and technology of the sample preparation. The anomalous splitting of the A1 phonon mode might be due to presence of the α‐ and β‐domains. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Placing land degradation and biological diversity decline in a unified framework: Methodological and conceptual issues in the case of the north Mediterranean region
Authors: Detsis V. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractThe development of synergies between efforts to mitigate land degradation and biological diversity decline can enhance effectiveness, speed up implementation and avoid potential conflicts. Due to the variable nature of these processes and to the variable characteristics of the areas where they occur, there is no general rule linking land degradation and biological diversity decline. Thus, a geographically limited approach focusing on drivers of change may provide a more appropriate base upon which synergies can be built. This exercise is undertaken for the case of northern Mediterranean. Three related processes are discussed: land use change (in the form of agricultural abandonment and intensification, as well as urbanization), wildfires and overuse of freshwater resources. Agricultural abandonment stands out as it may or may not have adverse effects on land resources and it may promote either a reduction in biological diversity or a shift in community synthesis. Agricultural intensification affects adversely both biological diversity and land resources, though often through different mechanisms. Urbanization, by taking up space, wildfires, if they recur in short intervals or they are very extended spatially, and overuse of freshwater resources adversely affect both issues through common mechanisms. The fact that the various drivers may operate through different mechanisms and sometimes they do not even produce consistently positive or negative results calls for a site‐specific understanding of the mechanisms. As many of the processes generating these patterns are not reversible, e.g. intensification of agriculture or tourism growth, ways should be sought to reconcile them with conservation. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
How Drucker taught me to focus
Authors: Ming Lo Shao 
Published: March 2010

AbstractShao Ming Lo recounts discussions with Peter Drucker which marked the first time someone pointed out to him his problem of not being able to focus when developing his business. “Strategy is in fact the art of focusing,” Shao says. Once we identify our key activities we should commit our resources to them in order to produce outstanding results. This is strategic thinking and the essence of the strategic planning process. This may sound simple, but it is easier said than done. This article offers 3 strategies executives can use to improve their ability to focus.
Stop solving your business problems
Authors: Michaelson Keith , Spiegel Markus 
Published: March 2010

AbstractMany leaders pride themselves on their ability to solve critical business problems. Yet, by assuming they are personally responsible for devising solutions, these managers often engage in behavior that creates powerful road‐blocks to urgently needed improvements. The authors expose the dysfunctional consequences of this manager‐as‐problem‐solver behavior pattern and then show how a different leadership model can help managers make the critical shift from solving business problems to challenging people to deliver real business results.
Downregulation of HDPR1 is associated with poor prognosis and affects expression levels of p120‐catenin and β‐catenin in nonsmall cell lung cancer
Authors: Yang Zhi‐Qiang , Zhao Yue , Liu Yang , Zhang Jun‐Yi , Zhang Sheng , Jiang Gui‐Yang , Zhang Peng‐Xin , Yang Lian‐He , Liu Di , Li Qing‐Chang , Wang En‐Hua 
Published: March 2010

AbstractHDPR1 (human homologue of Dapper) is considered as a Dishevelled (DVL) antagonist in WNT signaling. We recently reported that DVL was associated with cytoplasmic accumulation of β‐catenin in nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Whether cytoplasmic accumulation of β‐catenin is correlated with HDPR1 is unclear. Xenopus Dapper (XDpr) was found to stabilize p120‐catenin (p120ctn) in Xenopus embryogenesis. However, whether HDPR1 can regulate p120ctn expression level is not reported. Furthermore, how HDPR1 influences invasiveness in lung carcinogenesis is also not well understood. In this study, our aims were to explore the effects of HDPR1 on the lung carcinogenesis and to examine the relationship among HDPR1, β‐catenin, and p120ctn. Immunohistochemical analysis in 120 NSCLC tissues showed that HDPR1 was significantly lower in 82 specimens (68.3%). Reverse transcription (RT)‐polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and Western blotting analysis showed that the mRNA and protein expression of HDPR1 were lower in tumor tissues as compared to corresponding nontumorous tissues. Moreover, reduced HDPR1 expression was related to the clinicopathological factors and was an independent risk factor for prognosis of the patients with NSCLC. In addition, HDPR1 expression was also associated with the expression of p120ctn and β‐catenin in lung cancer tissues. Knockdown of HDPR1 gene enhanced the invasive ability of lung cancer cells, which was dependent on p120ctn and independent of β‐catenin. In conclusion, the function of HDPR1 on regulating p120ctn may play an important role in human lung carcinogenesis. Restoration of HDPR1 gene may be a new therapeutic target of lung cancer. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A qualitative exploration of carers' and ‘patients’ experiences of fibromyalgia: one illness, different perspectives
Authors: Rodham Karen , Rance Nicola , Blake David 
Published: March 2010

AbstractObjectives: Previous research has largely focused on the lived experience either of those who have fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) or their spousal carers. This study aimed to explore the lived experiences of both those with FMS and their spousal carers.Methods: Participants were aged between 38 and 65 years and all came from the south‐west of England. Semi‐structured interviews were conducted with four women with FMS and their spousal carers, who were interviewed separately. The resultant transcripts were analysed using interpretative phenomenological analysis.An overriding theme running throughout was loss of identity, which fed into a sense of isolation. Participants reported feeling isolated from: healthcare professionals, whom they felt they had to convince that they had something ‘real’, and from friends and family because the unpredictability of their symptoms meant that they were less able to plan ahead and often had to pull out of arranged outings. They also felt isolated from their identity because they no longer recognized the person that they once were, and struggled to recognize the person that they had become. As a consequence, the people with FMS and their carers were both engaged in a process of reassessing who they were, now that FMS had become such a large part of their lives. This sense of isolation was evidenced for the carers as well as the people with FMS and is documented in three sub‐themes described in the paper: ‘others’ attitudes', ‘invisible illness’ and ‘role’.Conclusion: This study has provided new information regarding the lifeworlds both of people living with FMS and their spousal carers. We identified a number of practical and attitudinal barriers that had led to the diminution of social networks for both members of the couple and have explored the related clinical and theoretical implications of this. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Daytime patterning of fatigue and its associations with the previous night's discomfort and poor sleep among women with primary Sjögren's syndrome or rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Goodchild C.E. , Treharne G.J. , Booth D.A. , Bowman S.J. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractObjectives: Fatigue is a prominent symptom in many rheumatic diseases and has a substantial impact on many outcomes. In previous research, fatigue has been linked with poor sleep and discomfort, including joint pain and sicca symptoms. The aim of the present study was to investigate prospectively the daily variations in fatigue and the roles of discomfort and adequacy of sleep the previous night in that fatigue for people with primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) or rheumatoid arthritis (RA).Methods: Thirty‐nine women with pSS or RA reported their discomfort and fatigue for 35 days using the Profile of Fatigue and Discomfort. Sleep was monitored with wrist actigraphy, and the quantity and quality of the night's sleep was reported in a diary each morning.Results: The pattern of fatigue did not differ significantly between women with pSS and women with RA. For participants with either condition, both somatic and mental fatigue increased steadily throughout the day. Multi‐level regressions indicated that evenings of worse discomfort were followed by poorer reported quantity/quality of sleep and worse sleep efficiency (percentage of time asleep when in bed). In addition, a night of worse discomfort and poor sleep was followed by more severe fatigue compared with the individual's average.Conclusions: Fatigue management for people with rheumatic disease could include strategies for coping with discomfort at night and difficulties in sleeping. Further research into ameliorating fatigue should include assessments of persistent discomfort or periods of insomnia and identify disease‐specific needs that require targeted intervention. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A novel singular node‐based smoothed finite element method (NS‐FEM) for upper bound solutions of fracture problems
Authors: Liu G. R. , Chen L. , Nguyen‐Thoi T. , Zeng K. Y. , Zhang G. Y. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractIt is well known that the lower bound to exact solutions in linear fracture problems can be easily obtained by the displacement compatible finite element method (FEM) together with the singular crack tip elements. It is, however, much more difficult to obtain the upper bound solutions for these problems. This paper aims to formulate a novel singular node‐based smoothed finite element method (NS‐FEM) to obtain the upper bound solutions for fracture problems. In the present singular NS‐FEM, the calculation of the system stiffness matrix is performed using the strain smoothing technique over the smoothing domains (SDs) associated with nodes, which leads to the line integrations using only the shape function values along the boundaries of the SDs. A five‐node singular crack tip element is used within the framework of NS‐FEM to construct singular shape functions via direct point interpolation with proper order of fractional basis. The mix‐mode stress intensity factors are evaluated using the domain forms of the interaction integrals. The upper bound solutions of the present singular NS‐FEM are demonstrated via benchmark examples for a wide range of material combinations and boundary conditions. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effect of hemodialysis on the plasma levels of clofarabine
Authors: Steinherz Peter G. , Shukla Neerav , Kobos Rachel , Latcha Sheron 
Published: March 2010

AbstractClofarabine, a nucleoside analogue for treatment of relapsed leukemia, is 50–60% excreted in urine. Clofarabine has not been studied in patients on hemodialysis. We measured levels in one patient in acute renal failure. Prior to dialysis, 43 hr after a 40 mg/m2 infusion, plasma concentration was 139 ng/ml. One hour after begining hemodialysis, a 20 mg/m2 infusion began. Plasma concentrations were 84.2, 81.1, and 88.0 ng/ml while the dialysis and clofarabine infusion occurred simultaneously. Post‐dialysis, while the clofarabine was still infusing, the level was 95.8 ng/ml. Hemodialysis does decrease clofarabine levels, but given its large volume distribution, hemodialysis may not be effective for clofarabine overdose. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2010;55:196–198. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Inhibition of Aurora Kinase A enhances chemosensitivity of medulloblastoma cell lines
Authors: El‐Sheikh Ayman , Fan Rong , Birks Diane , Donson Andrew , Foreman Nicholas K , Vibhakar Rajeev 
Published: March 2010

AbstractBackgroundMedulloblastoma comprises approximately 20% of all primary pediatric brain tumors. Despite recent advances, the survival rate for high‐risk patients and the morbidity associated with these treatments remains suboptimal. To improve outcomes and decrease morbidity, more targeted therapy is required. One possible target is the Aurora Kinase family. The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of Aurora Kinase A inhibition in medulloblastoma cell lines.ProcedureCell proliferation was measured using an MTS assay after adding an Aurora Kinase inhibitor (C1368) at different concentrations. Cell cycle analysis was carried out by Flow Cytometry using propidium iodide (PI). RNAi experiments were performed using siRNA oligonucleotides. Luciferase experiments were carried out using the Cignal Finder 10 Pathway Reporter Arrays.ResultsInhibition of Aurora Kinase A induces cell death in medulloblastoma cells and lowers the IC50 of other chemotherapeutic agents (etoposide and cisplatin) used in medulloblastoma treatment. Cell arrest at G2/M phase was significantly increased in medulloblastoma cell lines treated with C1368 Sigma at IC30 or transfected siRNA. Inhibition of Aurora Kinase A resulted in decreased activity of pro‐proliferative signaling pathways including Wnt, Myc, and RB as measured by luciferase reporter assays.ConclusionsThese data indicate that inhibition of Aurora Kinase A inhibits cell growth in medulloblastoma through inhibition of pro‐proliferative signaling pathways Wnt, Myc, and RB. Additionally, combining Aurora Kinase A inhibition with other chemotherapeutic agents significantly lowers their IC50, which make it a promising small molecule target for medulloblastoma therapy. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2010;55:35–41. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Preparation and characterization of polyurethane–gold nanocomposites prepared using encapsulated gold nanoparticles
Authors: Chang Chao‐Ching , Chang Chung‐Hsueh 
Published: March 2010

AbstractGold nanoparticles (GNPs) have been widely studied due to their unique properties. Although many research groups have developed the synthesis of GNPs using various polymers as stabilizing or reducing agents, the effects of GNPs on the structures and properties of polymer matrices have been less reported. We propose a new design for the preparation of polyurethane–gold (PU–Au) nanocomposites. 11‐Mercapto‐1‐undecanol‐coated GNPs acted as the chain extenders and reacted with isocyanates to form covalent bonds between PU and GNPs. PU–Au nanocomposites were successfully synthesized, and the effects of multifunctional GNPs on the structures, morphology and properties of poly(ester urethane) were investigated. Scanning electron microscopy images suggested the GNPs can be dispersed uniformly in the PU matrix. Maltese‐cross of spherical crystals was observed in the PU–Au nanocomposites, and the size of the crystals decreased with an increase in gold content. As the gold content increased, the thermal decomposition temperature and the temperature of the maximum decomposition rate increased. The glass transition temperature, crystal melting temperature and melting enthalpy of the soft segment also increased progressively. The results showed that multifunctional GNPs concentrated hard segments and resulted in an increase of heterogeneous nucleation, phase separation and elasticity. Copyright © 2010 Society of Chemical Industry
Synthesis of hollow fluorescent polymeric microspheres with movable magnetic cores
Authors: Liu Bin , Yang Xinlin , Ji Hongfen 
Published: March 2010

AbstractLow‐dispersity hollow poly[(ethyleneglycol dimethacrylate)‐co‐(N‐vinylcarbazole)] (P(EGDMA‐co‐NVCz)) fluorescent microspheres with movable magnetic cores were prepared by quantitative removal of the silica component in hydrofluoric acid aqueous solution from the corresponding magnetite/silica/P(EGDMA‐co‐NVCz) tri‐layer hybrid microspheres. The tri‐layer microspheres with magnetic cores and fluorescent polymer shells were synthesized by distillation precipitation copolymerization of ethyleneglycol dimethacrylate crosslinker and N‐vinylcarbazole fluorescent monomer in acetonitrile in the presence of 3‐(methacryloxy)propyltrimethoxysilane‐modified magnetite/silica particles as seeds, which were afforded by a modified Stöber sol–gel process, to coat the magnetite cores. The corresponding hollow fluorescent polymer microspheres with movable magnetic cores were studied using transmission electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, vibrating sample magnetometry, UV‐visible spectroscopy and fluorescence spectroscopy. Copyright © 2010 Society of Chemical Industry
Combinatorial approach for fast screening of functional materials
Authors: Walter Harald , Basset Guillaume , Beierlein Tilman , Von Mühlenen Adrian , Nisato Giovanni 
Published: March 2010

AbstractWe present an integrated system with automated sample fabrication for combinatorial investigations of solution‐processed organic materials. To illustrate the applicability of the system, we give examples of typical experimental results with organic electronic devices. Organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs) based on a poly‐(N‐vinylcarbazole) matrix system with small molecule hole‐transporter N,N′‐Bis(3‐methylphenyl)‐N,N′‐diphenyl‐benzidine (TPD) and electron transporter 2‐(4‐tert‐butylphenyl)‐5‐(4‐biphenylyl)‐1,3,4‐oxadiazole (PBD) were optimized. In a single experimental run, the optimum range of TPD and PBD concentrations has been determined. Furthermore, we screened the influence of a gate dielectric modification with poly(methyl silsesquioxane) in organic field effect transistors and show that the choice of the material system, which constitutes the interface between the gate dielectric and the organic semiconductor, modulates the mobility of the field‐effect device by more than two orders of magnitude. Finally, we present a combinatorial study of the influence of PEDOT‐PSS and P3HT‐PC61BM layer thickness variation in organic photo voltaic cells. To summarize, we describe the possibilities of a combinatorial tool for solution based multilayer devices comprising functional materials. The tool is applicable to a vast variety of such materials. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 48: 1587–1593, 2010
PS‐b‐PEO block copolymer thin films as structured reservoirs for nanoscale precipitation reactions
Authors: Ochsmann Jannis W. , Lenz Sebastian , Emmerling Sebastian G. J. , Kappes Ralf S. , Nett Sebastian K. , Lechmann Maria C. , Roth Stephan V. , Gutmann Jochen S. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractThin films of PS‐b‐PEO block copolymers were utilized as structured reservoirs for localized nanoscale precipitation reactions. By consecutively immersing the film into solutions of thioacetamide and cadmium chloride, we were able to obtain a monolayer of cadmium sulfide nanostructures on top of the block copolymer film. AFM and grazing incidence small angle X‐ray scattering revealed spherical nanostructures (d = 15 nm) corresponding to the dimensions given by the block copolymer film. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 48: 1569–1573, 2010