bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of lymph node retrieval on prognosis in elderly and non-elderly patients with T3-4/N+ rectal cancer following neoadjuvant therapy: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Liang Baofeng , Xie Sisi , Yu Nong , Xue Xueyi , Zeng Hao , Que Zhipeng , Xu Dongbo , Wang Xiaojie , Lin Shuangming 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Purpose
The optimal number of lymph nodes to be resected in patients with rectal cancer who undergo radical surgery after neoadjuvant therapy remains controversial. This study evaluated the prognostic variances between elderly and non-elderly patients and determined the ideal number of lymph nodes to be removed in these patients.

Methods
The Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) datasets were used to gather information on 7894 patients diagnosed with stage T3-4/N+ rectal cancer who underwent neoadjuvant therapy from 2010 to 2019. Of these patients, 2787 were elderly and 5107 were non-elderly. A total of 152 patients from the Longyan First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University were used for external validation. Overall survival (OS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS) were evaluated to determine the optimal quantity of lymph nodes for surgical resection.

Results
The study found significant differences in OS and CSS between elderly and non-elderly patients, both before and after adjustment for confounders (P < 0.001). The removal of 14 lymph nodes may be considered a benchmark for patients with stage T3-4/N+ rectal cancer who undergo radical surgery following neoadjuvant therapy, as this number provides a more accurate foundation for the personalized treatment of rectal cancer. External data validated the differences in OS and CSS and supported the 14 lymph nodes as a new benchmark in these patients.

Conclusion
For patients with T3-4/N+ stage rectal cancer who undergo radical surgery following neoadjuvant therapy, the removal of 14 lymph nodes serves as a cutoff point that distinctly separates patients with a favorable prognosis from those with an unfavorable one.
Changes in oxygen supply–demand balance during induction of general anesthesia: an exploratory study using remimazolam
Authors: Yarimizu Kenya , Onodera Yu , Suzuki Hiroto , Nakane Masaki , Kawamae Kaneyuki 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Purpose
This study was performed to evaluate the changes in oxygen supply–demand balance during induction of general anesthesia using an indirect calorimeter capable of measuring oxygen consumption (VO2) and carbon dioxide production (VCO2).

Methods
This study included patients scheduled for surgery in whom remimazolam was administered as a general anesthetic. VO2 and VCO2 were measured at different intervals: upon awakening (T1), 15 min after tracheal intubation (T2), and 1 h after T2 (T3). Oxygen delivery (DO2) was calculated simultaneously with these measurements. VO2 was ascertained using an indirect calorimeter and further calculated using vital signs, among other factors. DO2 was derived from cardiac output and arterial blood gas analysis performed with an arterial pressure-based cardiac output measurement system.

Results
VO2, VCO2, and DO2 decreased significantly from T1 to T2 and T3 [VO2/body surface area (BSA) (ml/min/m2): T1, 130 (122–146); T2, 107 (83–139); T3, 97 (93–121); p = 0.011], [VCO2/BSA (ml/min/m2): T1, 115 (105–129); T2, 90 (71–107); T3, 81 (69–101); p = 0.011], [DO2/BSA (ml/min/m2): T1, 467 (395–582); T2, 347 (286–392); T3, 382 (238–414); p = 0.0020]. Among the study subjects, a subset exhibited minimal reduction in VCO2. Although the respiratory frequency was titrated on the basis of end-tidal CO2 levels, there was no significant difference between the groups.

Conclusion
General anesthetic induction with remimazolam decreased VO2, VCO2, and DO2.
Breathing new life into tissue engineering: exploring cutting-edge vascularization strategies for skin substitutes
Authors: Iqbal M. Zohaib , Riaz Mahrukh , Biedermann Thomas , Klar Agnes S. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractTissue-engineered skin substitutes (TESS) emerged as a new therapeutic option to improve skin transplantation. However, establishing an adequate and rapid vascularization in TESS is a critical factor for their clinical application and successful engraftment in patients. Therefore, several methods have been applied to improve the vascularization of skin substitutes including (i) modifying the structural and physicochemical properties of dermal scaffolds; (ii) activating biological scaffolds with growth factor-releasing systems or gene vectors; and (iii) developing prevascularized skin substitutes by loading scaffolds with capillary-forming cells. This review provides a detailed overview of the most recent and important developments in the vascularization strategies for skin substitutes. On the one hand, we present cell-based approaches using stem cells, microvascular fragments, adipose tissue derived stromal vascular fraction, endothelial cells derived from blood and skin as well as other pro-angiogenic stimulation methods. On the other hand, we discuss how distinct 3D bioprinting techniques and microfluidics, miRNA manipulation, cell sheet engineering and photosynthetic scaffolds like GelMA, can enhance skin vascularization for clinical applications. Finally, we summarize and discuss the challenges and prospects of the currently available vascularization techniques that may serve as a steppingstone to a mainstream application of skin tissue engineering.
Graphical abstract
Hierarchical spatial network models for road accident risk assessment
Authors: Clemente Gian Paolo , Della Corte Francesco , Zappa Diego 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis paper addresses the critical issue of road safety and accident prevention by integrating road features, network theory, and advanced statistical models. It emphasises the importance of understanding the relationship between road infrastructure and accident risk, which impacts on various administrative stakeholders and on citizens’ safety. While existing literature focuses on road features and engineering solutions, this paper highlights the need to consider implicit spatial constraints as well. Our study builds on prior research by proposing a novel approach that merges conditional autoregressive modelling with a two-stage mixed Geographically weighted Poisson regression. This integrated methodology allows us to consider both the effect of risk factors at a global level and at a local road level. By leveraging the strengths of these two methods, we aim to capture both overarching trends and local variations of risk factors, thereby offering a comprehensive understanding of accident risk factors. Using data from the Open Street Map database, which covers the wide province of Milan in Italy, our models identify influential street characteristics, providing valuable insights for informed decision-making regarding road safety measures. Our method can be applied to any region in the world. The paper describes the models used, the dataset employed, and presents a detailed numerical analysis demonstrating the effectiveness of the approach in identifying and understanding accident risk factors within road networks. This information can help guide investments for the benefit of society.
Exploring the impact of data preprocessing techniques on composite classifier algorithms in cross-project defect prediction
Authors: Vescan Andreea , Găceanu Radu , Şerban Camelia 
Published: June 2024

AbstractSuccess in software projects is now an important challenge. The main focus of the engineering community is to predict software defects based on the history of classes and other code elements. However, these software defect prediction techniques are effective only as long as there is enough data to train the prediction model. To mitigate this problem, cross-project defect prediction is used. The purpose of this research investigation is twofold: first, to replicate the experiments in the original paper proposal, and second, to investigate other settings regarding defect prediction with the aim of providing new insights and results regarding the best approach. In this study, three composite algorithms, namely AvgVoting, MaxVoting and Bagging are used. These algorithms integrate multiple machine classifiers to improve cross-project defect prediction. The experiments use pre-processed methods (normalization and standardization) and also feature selection. The results of the replicated experiments confirm the original findings when using raw data for all three methods. When normalization is applied, better results than in the original paper are obtained. Even better results are obtained when feature selection is used. In the original paper, the MaxVoting approach shows the best performance in terms of the F-measure, and BaggingJ48 shows the best performance in terms of cost-effectiveness. The same results in terms of F-measure were obtained in the current experiments: best MaxVoting, followed by AvgVoting and then by BaggingJ48. Our results emphasize the previously obtained outcome; the original study is confirmed when using raw data. Moreover, we obtained better results when using preprocessing and feature selection.
Naturalization of Prunus laurocerasus in a forest in Germany
Authors: Abrahamczyk Stefan , Otto Johanna , Böhnert Tim , Weigend Maximilian 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe cherry laurel (Prunus laurocerasus) is a very popular garden plant and has been widely reported as a garden escape in Central Europe. However, it is still considered an unestablished neophyte in Germany. Few critical data are available on local population sizes, life history or reproductive biology outside its natural range. We carried out a study with 24 transects of 500 m × 6 m in the Kottenforst near Bonn, western Germany to fill these knowledge gaps. Along these transects we recorded the plant number and plant sizes and analysed their age structure. We found Prunus laurocerasus along 19 of 24 transects with up to 63 individual per transect. The largest plants covered areas of up to 50 m2 and were up to 30 years old. However, most of the plants were less than 20 years old and established since 2000. Since we observed high fruit set and old plants surrounded by many seedlings we conclude that Prunus laurocerasus has to be considered as an established neophyte in our study area and has invasive potential.
Optical coherence tomography analysis of lesion characteristics and thrombus types in non ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction patients
Authors: He Qing , Yu Haijia , Li Jingchao , Song Huihui , Cui Luqian , Ma Lingkun , Kang Yue , Ding Zihan , Chu Yingjie , Dong Shujuan 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe precise features of lesions in non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) patients with total occlusion (TO) of the infarct-related artery (IRA) are still unclear. This study employs optical coherence tomography (OCT) to investigate pathological features in NSTEMI patients with or without IRA TO and explores the relationship between thrombus types and IRA occlusive status. This was a single-center retrospective study. A total of 202 patients diagnosed with NSTEMI were divided into two groups: those with Thrombolysis In Myocardial Infarction (TIMI) flow grade 0 before percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) (referred to as the TO group, n = 100) and those TIMI flow grade 1–3 (referred to as the Non-TO group, n = 102). Baseline characteristics, coronary angiography findings, and OCT results were collected. Multivariate logistic analysis identified factors influencing TO in NSTEMI. The category of NSTEMI was further subdivided based on the type of electrocardiogram (ECG) into two subgroups: ST segment unoffset myocardial infarction (STUMI) and ST segment depression myocardial infarction (STDMI). This division allows for a more specific classification of NSTEMI cases. The TO group had a younger age, higher male representation, more smokers, lower hypertension and cerebrovascular disease incidence, lower left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), and higher creatine kinase myocardial band (CKMB) and creatine kinase (CK) peak levels. In the TO group, LCX served as the main IRA (52.0%), whereas in the Non-TO group, LAD was the predominant IRA (45.1%). Compared to the Non-TO group, OCT findings demonstrated that red thrombus/mixed thrombus was more common in the TO group, along with a lower occurrence of white thrombus (p < 0.001). The TO group exhibited a higher prevalence of STUMI (p = 0.001), whereas STDMI was more commonly observed in the Non-TO group (p = 0.001). NSTEMI presents as STUMI and STDMI distinct entities. Red thrombus/mixed thrombus in IRA often indicates occlusive lesions with STUMI on ECG. White thrombus suggests non-occlusive lesions with STDMI on ECG.
Development of a mobile 3D printer and comparative evaluation against traditional gantry systems
Authors: Alhijaily Abdullah , Alqarni Abdulrahman , Kilic Zekai Murat , Bartolo Paulo 
Published: June 2024

AbstractFixed robots have dominated the market of additive manufacturing (AM), despite presenting several limitations, such as the stationary nature of these robots and the limited workspace. Mobile robots solve these problems as they can move freely in the printing area without being rooted to the ground. This allows mobile robots to print large-scale structures and print in places that are unsafe for humans to reach and deploy fixed robots. However, mobile robots suffer from poor positional accuracy. In this paper, we present an accurate mobile robot for material extrusion AM and discuss in detail the design of the mobile 3D printer and its components. This work is the first to rigorously compare the quality, accuracy, and mechanical properties of parts printed by the mobile 3D printer against those printed by gantry systems. Results show that the parts produced by the proposed system are comparable to those of a gantry system in certain aspects such as the overall quality and shape fidelity. Additionally, the accuracy exceeded the state-of-the-art of mobile 3D printing achieving low ranges of less than 0.5 mm. Moreover, the proposed system outperforms other plastic 3D printing mobile robots in literature, excelling in both quality and accuracy.
State observer of multibody systems formulated using differential algebraic equations
Authors: Okada Taiki , Dong Shuonan , Kuzuno Ryo , Takahashi Yuya , Shizuno Yoshitaka , Hara Yushin , Otsuka Keisuke , Makihara Kanjuro 
Published: June 2024

AbstractMultibody dynamics comprises methodologies for the design and analysis of mechanical systems, with Kalman filters being the principal state estimation methods. The Kalman filters are generally formulated for unconstrained systems, the dynamics of which are described by ordinary differential equations in state-space models. However, multibody systems are constrained systems, and the commonly used method to describe their dynamics involves using differential algebraic equations (DAEs) comprising differential and algebraic equations. The differential equations also include the Lagrange multipliers. Hence, incorporating multibody systems, described by DAEs into the scheme of Kalman filters, cannot be achieved straightforwardly, which facilitates different strategies being addressed. This study develops a novel method for converting DAEs into a state-space model. A transition model of the time derivatives of Lagrange multipliers and a Lagrange multiplier constraint vector are devised and used in the state and output equations, respectively. The continuous- and discrete-time extended Kalman filters (CEKF and DEKF) are constructed using the proposed state-space model, and state estimations are simulated on the benchmark planar four- and five-bar linkages. Further, a demonstration of system observability is conducted, and sensitivity to the initial state estimates is studied. These tests demonstrate that the proposed state-space model achieves observable systems and that both the CEKF and DEKF, constructed using the proposed state-space model, can estimate the states with a wide range of initial conditions.
Knowledge Distillation Based on Narrow-Deep Networks
Authors: Zhou Yan , Wang Zhiqiang , Li Jianxun 
Published: June 2024

AbstractDeep neural networks perform better than shallow neural networks, but the former tends to be deeper or wider, introducing large numbers of parameters and computations. We know that networks that are too wide have a high risk of overfitting and networks that are too deep require a large amount of computation. This paper proposed a narrow-deep ResNet, increasing the depth of the network while avoiding other issues caused by making the network too wide, and used the strategy of knowledge distillation, where we set up a trained teacher model to train an unmodified, wide, and narrow-deep ResNet that allows students to learn the teacher’s output. To validate the effectiveness of this method, it is tested on Cifar-100 and Pascal VOC datasets. The method proposed in this paper allows a small model to have about the same accuracy rate as a large model, while dramatically shrinking the response time and computational effort.
Biomarkers and Target-Specific Small-Molecule Drugs in Alzheimer’s Diagnostic and Therapeutic Research: From Amyloidosis to Tauopathy
Authors: Sheng Li , Bhalla Rajiv 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAlzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common type of human dementia and is responsible for over 60% of diagnosed dementia cases worldwide. Abnormal deposition of β-amyloid and the accumulation of neurofibrillary tangles have been recognised as the two pathological hallmarks targeted by AD diagnostic imaging as well as therapeutics. With the progression of pathological studies, the two hallmarks and their related pathways have remained the focus of researchers who seek for AD diagnostic and therapeutic strategies in the past decades. In this work, we reviewed the development of the AD biomarkers and their corresponding target-specific small molecule drugs for both diagnostic and therapeutic applications, underlining their success, failure, and future possibilities.
S100A11 is involved in the progression of colorectal cancer through the desmosome-catenin-TCF signaling pathway
Authors: Zhou Jin , Murata Hitoshi , Tomonobu Nahoko , Mizuta Naoko , Yamakawa Atsuko , Yamamoto Ken-ichi , Kinoshita Rie , Sakaguchi Masakiyo 
Published: June 2024

AbstractCompiling evidence has indicated that S100A11 expression at high levels is closely associated with various cancer species. Consistent with the results reported elsewhere, we have also revealed that S100A11 is highly expressed in squamous cell carcinoma, mesothelioma, and pancreatic cancers and plays a crucial role in cancer progression when secreted into extracellular fluid. Those studies are all focused on the extracellular role of S100A11. However, most of S100A11 is still present within cancer cells, although the intracellular role of S100A11 in cancer cells has not been fully elucidated. Thus, we aimed to investigate S100A11 functions within cancer cells, primarily focusing on colorectal cancer cells, whose S100A11 is abundantly present in cells and still poorly studied cancer for the protein. Our efforts revealed that overexpression of S100A11 promotes proliferation and migration, and downregulation inversely dampens those cancer behaviors. To clarify how intracellular S100A11 aids cancer cell activation, we tried to identify S100A11 binding proteins, resulting in novel binding partners in the inner membrane, many of which are desmosome proteins. Our molecular approach defined that S100A11 regulates the expression level of DSG1, a component protein of desmosome, by which S100A11 activates the TCF pathway via promoting nuclear translocation of γ-catenin from the desmosome. The identified new pathway greatly helps to comprehend S100A11’s nature in colorectal cancers and others.
Zu den Herausforderungen der Bestimmung des Notwendigen
Authors: Kessl Fabian 
Published: June 2024

ZusammenfassungIm vorliegenden Beitrag wird argumentiert, dass der exakte Bedarf an sozialpädagogischen und sozialarbeiterischen Angeboten im Allgemeinen angesichts des konstitutiven Personenbezugs immer unbestimmt bleiben muss. Die Einsicht in diesen Sachverhalt sollte aber nicht davon abhalten, die mögliche systematische Bedarfserhebung zu realisieren – allerdings immer parallel und in Korrespondenz zur Analyse der Praxis fallbezogener Bedarfsfeststellung wie der selbstkritischen Reflexion im Kontext gesellschaftlicher Bedarfskonstruktion.
Mindfulness, Buddhist Modernity and Cultural Psychology
Authors: Christensen Bo Allesøe 
Published: June 2024

AbstractI will in this article use Fircks as a point of departure for trying to understand the complexities involved in the use of the concept of mindfulness. As will be seen, mindfulness can be traced to a decoupling from a religious background and subsequent appropriation within several Western contexts. This will then be used for a discussion of how to deal with the historicity of the phenomena studied within cultural psychology. Here two reminders will be suggested, namely understanding phenomena through a context-sensibility and at the same time being aware of any disciplinary parochialism.
Cellular and humoral immunogenicity against SARS-CoV-2 vaccination or infection is associated with the memory phenotype of T- and B-lymphocytes in adult allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplant recipients
Authors: Konuma Takaaki , Hamatani-Asakura Megumi , Nagai Etsuko , Adachi Eisuke , Kato Seiko , Isobe Masamichi , Monna-Oiwa Maki , Takahashi Satoshi , Yotsuyanagi Hiroshi , Nannya Yasuhito 
Published: June 2024

AbstractWe conducted a cross-sectional study to evaluate cellular and humoral immunogenicity against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccination or infection and examine how lymphocyte subpopulations in peripheral blood correlate with cellular and humoral immunogenicity in adult allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) recipients. The median period from SARS-CoV-2 vaccination or infection to sample collection was 110.5 days (range, 6–345 days). The median SARS-CoV-2 spike-specific antibody level was 1761 binding antibody units (BAU)/ml (range, 0 to > 11,360 BAU/ml). Enzyme-linked immunosorbent spot (ELISpot) assay of T cells stimulated with SARS-CoV-2 spike antigens showed that interferon-gamma (IFN-γ)-, interleukin-2 (IL-2)-, and IFN-γ + IL-2-producing T cells were present in 68.9%, 62.0%, and 56.8% of patients, respectively. The antibody level was significantly correlated with frequency of IL-2-producing T cells (P = 0.001) and IFN-γ + IL-2-producing T cells (P = 0.006) but not IFN-γ-producing T cells (P = 0.970). Absolute counts of CD8+ and CD4+ central memory T cells were higher in both IL-2- and IFN-γ + IL-2-producing cellular responders compared with non-responders. These data suggest that cellular and humoral immunogenicity against SARS-CoV-2 vaccination or infection is associated with the memory phenotype of T cells and B cells in adult allogeneic HCT recipients.