bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intérêts des remplissages des dolines dans l’étude des paléoenvironnements du Mont-Liban : cas des dolines du Jabal Kneisseh et de Faouar Dara
Authors: Kupélian Laurent , Nehme Carole , Gérard Pierre-Charles , Bataillé Marie-Paule , Mouralis Damase 
Published: May 2024

Ce travail discute l’intérêt des remplissages des dolines dans l’étude des paléoenvironnements du Mont-Liban. Le carottage de deux séquences du bassin versant du Nahr Beyrouth s’inscrivant dans des contextes géomorphologiques distincts ont été étudiées. La première est extraite d’une doline du haut plateau du Jabal Kneisseh (KD2) et la seconde, de la doline tectono-karstique de Faouar Dara (FD). Les analyses sédimentologiques et géochimiques visent à identifier et interpréter les potentiels indicateurs de transport et déposition du matériel jusque dans les dolines. Le cadre chronologique des séquences a été obtenu par datations AMS C14 de fragments de charbons de bois. Les données analysées de la séquence du Jabal Kneisseh soutiennent l’hypothèse de la présence de couverts végétal et pédologique à la surface du haut plateau qui se seraient progressivement érodés suite à divers épisodes d’incendies durant l’Holocène tardif (~2429–2000 cal. BP). Les résultats à FD suggèrent un lien entre le remplissage de la doline et l’évolution de l’occupation du sol en amont durant le dernier millénaire (~973–795 cal. BP), potentiellement en lien avec une migration en altitude des activités agro-pastorales.
Injury risk factors related to sport specialization in high school basketball: a prospective study.
Authors: Post Eric G. , Rivera Matthew J. , Robison Hannah J. , Rauh Mitchell J. , McGuine Timothy A. , Simon Janet E. 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT

Context
Research that has examined the association between specialization and injury in basketball has been limited to cross-sectional or retrospective studies.

Objective
To determine whether specialization is a risk factor for injury among high school basketball athletes.

Design
Prospective cohort study.

Setting
Basketball players from 12 high schools participating in the National Athletic Treatment, Injury, and Outcomes Network Surveillance Program (NATION-SP) were recruited prior to the 2022-2023 interscholastic basketball season.

Patients or Other Participants
130 athletes (mean age (SD) = 15.6 (1.3); girls’ basketball: n=68 (52.3%)).

Main Outcome Measures
Participants completed a questionnaire prior to the start of their school basketball season that had questions regarding participation in various specialized sport behaviors. During the basketball season, the school’s athletic trainer reported all athletic exposures (AEs) and injuries (regardless of time loss) for participating athletes into NATION-SP. Injury incidence (IR) and incidence rate ratios (IRR) with 95% confidence intervals [95%CI] were calculated for the specialized sport behaviors previously described.

Results
There was no difference in injury risk between highly specialized and low specialized athletes (IRR [95%CI]: 1.9 [0.9, 3.7]). Players who participated in basketball year-round were twice as likely to sustain an injury compared to those who did not play year-round (IRR [95%CI]: 2.1 [1.1, 3.6]). Similarly, players who reported participating in basketball skills camps were at increased risk of injury compared to athletes who did not participate in basketball skill camps (IRR [95%CI]: 2.5 [1.2, 5.7]).

Conclusion
Injury risk related to sport specialization in basketball may be specific to certain behaviors such as year-round play and participation in skills camps. Validated measures of comprehensive sport activity are needed to better measure specialization in youth sports to better determine injury risk related to sport specialization and develop injury prevention programs for basketball athletes.
Perception to Hydroxyurea Therapy in Patients with Sickle Cell Disease
Authors: Korubo Kaladada I. , Onodingene Nkemsinachi Maryanne , Okoye Helen Chioma , Omunakwe Hannah E. 
Published: May 2024

Background:
Hydroxyurea (HU) is an hemoglobin F inducing agent used in the treatment of sickle cell disease (SCD).

Aim:
The aim of this study is to determine the perception of HU by people living with SCD.

Materials and Methods:
A pretested questionnaire was self-administered to known cases of SCD attending pediatrics and adult hematology clinics in three participating centers. Mothers of children <18 years responded on their behalf.

Results:
There were 101 responders, 49 (48.5%) males and 52 (51.5%) females, of which 24 (23.8%) were children <18 years and 77 (76.2%) were adults. The majority (n = 73, 72.3%) knew their phenotype. Up to 63 (62.4%) had crises in the past 3 months. Only 35 (34.7%) had heard of HU, many through their doctor (n = 16, 45.7%), 8 (22.9%) through online resources, and 7 (20%) from friends. Only 12 (11.9%) had been exposed to HU therapy, of which 5 (41.7%) had discontinued therapy mostly due to side effects (n = 2, 40%). The seven patients (58.3%) on continuous HU therapy for a duration of 6 months to over 5 years, all reported reduced hospital admissions and frequency of crises as benefits of the drug, whereas 4 (57.1%) had stopped requiring blood transfusion since starting therapy. Of those who had never taken HU, 53 (52.5%) believed that HU should be used in treating SCD and majority (n = 32, 60.4%) would want to be commenced on the drug. However, 8 (15.1%) would decline therapy (mostly due to perceived associated side effects; n = 4; 50%). Six (11.3%) were unsure if they would want the drug and 7 (13.2%) would have to discuss the decision first with their family. There were 8 (8.9%) responders who did not think HU will be beneficial in SCD and would decline treatment, while 26 (29.2%) were unsure of both the benefits of the drug or of commencing therapy.

Conclusion:
The findings from this study suggest that HU is beneficial for patients with SCD; however, the awareness of this medication among SCD patients is still low in our environment. Some SCD patients would decline the use of HU due to perceived side effects. We recommend that more awareness on HU be created and coordinated multi-center studies on the efficacy of HU in the Nigerian population be carried out.
Selfie-Driven Thyroid Disease Leads
Authors: Panchangam Ramakanth Bhargav , Kota Sunil Kumar , Mayilvaganan Sabaretnam 
Published: May 2024

Introduction:
Taking a photograph of self alone or with a group called selfie, has become modern-day rage with spurt in smartphone technology. It has catapulted from a hobby into psychiatric ailment, especially among teens and young adults. Although it is considered a psychiatric ailment keeping them aloof from social interactions, we observed an inadvertent advantage in this process. In this context, we present some intriguing findings in this study.

Materials and Methods:
This retrospective study was based on compilation of 14 cases from endocrine surgery outpatient cum inpatient database collected over 2 years’ period. The inclusion criteria are the chief complaint (CC) was noted only after watching the selfie picture and not otherwise; the CC leads them to consult physician; the picture was captured by oneself or other person who was also part of that image; and the CC leads to definitive diagnosis of thyroid disease requiring treatment. All other clinical, investigative, and treatment (medical and surgical) were studied.

Results:
In all, we had 14/5820 (0.0024%) cases meeting the above criteria. CC and later confirmed in pictures were four cases of Grave's disease associated ophthalmopathic exophthalmos, eight cases of goiter, and two cases of facial puffiness (myxedema related). All these CC helped in investigating for the diagnosis of Graves’ disease (4), nodular goiter (8), and hypothyroidism (2) confirmed by appropriate investigations. Ten cases underwent thyroidectomy (two of the nodular goiter cases were papillary thyroid cancer) and four cases took conservative medical treatment.

Conclusions:
Although selfie is considered a modern-day lifestyle-induced psychiatric illness, it can inadvertently help in picking up thyroid diseases in earlier stages.
Relevance of skin prick test, serum total immunoglobulin E, and absolute eosinophil counts in asthma patients
Authors: Kumar Manoj , Gupta Rajesh Kumar , Mavi Anil Kumar , Singh Kamal , Kumar Raj 
Published: May 2024

BACKGROUND:
Asthma is a multifaceted condition defined by chronic airway inflammation. Skin prick test (SPT), serum total immunoglobulin E (tIgE), and absolute eosinophil counts (AEC) estimation are commonly available tools for evaluating allergen sensitization.

OBJECTIVE:
The present study evaluates the sensitivity to common aeroallergens and also compares serum tIgE and AEC levels with spirometry in Indian individuals with a history of allergy symptoms.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
An observational prospective study was conducted in the Outpatient Department of Viswanathan Chest Hospital, VPCI, Delhi, between 2017 and 2019. Two hundred asthma patients diagnosed as per the Global Initiative for Asthma guidelines undergo SPT against a battery of common aeroallergens and measured serum tIgE and AEC.

RESULTS:
Out of 200 cases, the overall prevalence of common aeroallergens sensitization was found to be 57% (114) in asthmatic patients (atopic). SPT positivity to common aeroallergens was highest in people between the ages of 21 and 30 and lowest in people over 50. The most prevalent annoying aeroallergens were found to be weed pollens (14%), house dust mites (11%), fungi (10.5%), tree pollen (9.5%), dust (6%), kapok cotton (5.5%), grass pollen (3.5%), silk (1.5%), and wool (1%). The mean tIgE was higher in atopic asthmatic patients than in nonatopic asthmatic patients (553.25 ± 218.12 IU/ml and 489.1 ± 251.16 IU/ml; P = 0.056).

CONCLUSION:
In the present study, we found that insects are the most common offending aeroallergens with higher SPT sensitivity and serum tIgE in atopic patients. Spirometry severity is not affected by allergens sensitivity in asthma patients.
To assess activity-related dyspnea in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients
Authors: Sahni Subah , Singh Devendra Kumar , Sarwat Tarana , Verma Rahul , Mishra Jyoti , Gupta Mohan Bandhu 
Published: May 2024

BACKGROUND:
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is currently the fourth leading cause of death in the world. COPD is a growing global health concern affecting over 300 million people worldwide and contributing to ~3 million deaths every year. COPD being a respiratory disorder affects the daily routine activities of people and causes immobilization and makes them bedridden due to dyspnea causing activity limitation. This study aimed to assess this activity-related dyspnea in COPD.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
This cross-sectional study was conducted among COPD patients. Patients were assessed based on a detailed history, thorough clinical examination, chest X-ray, sputum for Ziehl–Neelsen staining, and electrocardiogram to fulfill the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Furthermore, spirometry, Modified Medical Research Council (mMRC) Dyspnea scale, COPD assessment test (CAT) score, and Borg’s scale were used to assess the activity-related dyspnea grading.

RESULTS:
Among 110 participants, the mean age was 57.51 ± 10.86 years with equal gender distribution. The majority of participants (33.6%) showed mMRC grade II dyspnea and medium range CAT category and obstructive pattern on spirometry (92.7%). Hence, there was a linear correlation between the CAT score and the mMRC dyspnea score.

CONCLUSION:
Based on our findings, we can conclude that these patients’ activities of daily living should be examined, and patients should be directed by a complete multidisciplinary team to offer them better advice to prevent, diagnose, and early treatment of dyspnea.
Need to raise awareness about self care practices among people living with human immunodeficiency virus infection
Authors: Hiremath Ravishekar N. , Bhalla Sandeep , Ghodke Sandhya , Rai Seema , Raj Rishi , Singh Smakshi 
Published: May 2024

BACKGROUND:
Globally, 36.9 million people are living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Like in chronic disease, many individuals may engage in self-initiated behaviors in HIV that are useful to maintain health, quality of life and perceptions of wellbeing. All these behaviors form the part of self-care activities.

METHODOLOGY:
This is a hospital-based cross-sectional descriptive study carried out in a large tertiary care center. A total of 120 consecutive HIV-positive patients were included in the study.

RESULTS:
While 99% (101) of participants told that good diet is necessary to maintain health, only 42.2% (43) told that adherence to treatment is important. With respect to satisfactory knowledge regarding different attributes of self care, majority (79.4%) had knowledge regarding diet to be taken to stay healthy while only 37.3% had knowledge regarding precautions to be taken while preparing food, 28.4% in case suffering from diarrhea, skin problems (11.8%), fever (61.8%), cough (19.6%), vomiting (11.8%), and headache (45.6%) which were very low. With regard to overall knowledge status, 22.5% (95% confidence interval 14.9–31.89) had satisfactory score while 77.5% had unsatisfactory score. The test of significance revealed that there is statistically significant relation of knowledge regarding self-care with that of education and duration of HIV positivity.

CONCLUSION:
Findings showed low awareness regarding self-care to be taken, leading to low percentage of overall satisfactory knowledge level among respondents which is a matter of concern. This knowledge which is often neglected and is therefore vital for an HIV-positive person to be able to take care of himself at the right time and take the right actions to prevent the progression of the disease and improve the quality of life.
Impact of air pollutants, meteorological factors on pollen counts, and its association with patients emergency hospital visits in the North Delhi region
Authors: Kumar Raj , Kumar Manoj , Kumar Dheeresh , Mavi Anil Kumar , Singh Kamal , Mrigpuri Parul , Nagaraja Ravishankar 
Published: May 2024

BACKGROUND:
Meteorological factors and environmental air pollutants may affect pollen counts in the North Delhi region that produce a variety of pollen and it may affect patients with respiratory illness.

OBJECTIVE:
This study was planned to see the effect of meteorological factors and environmental air pollutants on pollen counts and its association with emergency hospital visits.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
From 2015 to 2020, atmospheric pollen was collected (24-h sampling) using a Volumetric Burkard Air Sampler.

RESULTS:
The total pollen count was (n = 461,474) in the last 6 years and the maximum pollen count was (n = 85,363) observed in the year 2016. Pollen count was high (>500) in the months of March and April during the study tenure, however, October month of the year 2015 and 2017 also crossed this range of pollen count (>500). During the years 2015–2020, nitrogen dioxide and carbon dioxide had a negative association with pollen count that was statistically significant (P < 0.05), but sulfur dioxide had a positive correlation that was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Maximum emergency hospital visits were in 2019. Pollen count positively correlated with emergency hospital visits only for the year 2015.

CONCLUSION:
This study concludes that meteorological factors and environmental air pollutants have a significant influence on the pollen counts that may affect the patient’s hospital visits.
Parental knowledge, attitude toward asthma, and its correlation with compliance of asthma management in children
Authors: Silvia L. Caroline , Podhini J. , Palanisamy Soundararajan 
Published: May 2024

BACKGROUND:
Asthma is one of the common chronic illnesses in children affecting about 10-15% worldwide. Proper management of asthma depends on the knowledge, attitude, and practices of the parents towards asthma which in turn will enable early intervention and prompt management.

OBJECTIVE:
To determine the parental knowledge, attitude towards asthma and its correlation with the compliance of asthma management in children.

METHODOLOGY:
It is a cross-sectional observational study carried out in a tertiary care hospital between January 2020 to December 2020.

RESULTS:
The study included 112 participants. Mothers were the predominant caregivers (72.3%). Family history of asthma was noticed in 42.8%. 88.4% knew that their child was suffering from asthma, 18% felt that asthma is contagious. Change in the climate (91.1%), dust (60.7%), respiratory infection (49.1%), and smoke (44.6%) were the common triggers. 15% tried an alternate system of medication. Majority (87%) had moderate knowledge, 92 (82%) showed good practices. 56 (50%) exhibited negative attitude. Nearly 60% of the participants preferred inhaler therapy. The causes for non-adherence to inhaler therapy were fear of addiction (46.7%), child refusing inhaler (40%), cost of therapy (40%) and child being symptom free in between episodes (37.8%).

CONCLUSIONS:
This study revealed a moderate level of knowledge and good practices towards childhood asthma among the parents of asthmatic children. Better knowledge and good practices among the parents strongly correlated with mother being the participant of the study, educational status, positive family history of asthma and persistent asthma symptoms. Better knowledge and positive attitude towards asthma was associated with adherence to inhaler therapy.
Tetralogy of Fallot with Absent Pulmonary Valve: A Single-center Experience
Authors: Majumder Biswajit , Chakraborty Sougat , Roy Rammohan , Sarkar Shibsankar , Ghosh Ratul 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) with absent pulmonary valve (APV) is a rare congenital heart disease with a 2% incidence among patients of TOF. The main hallmark of the disease is the presence of a rudimentary pulmonary valve or a ridge-like structure with pulmonary regurgitation and a hugely dilated main pulmonary artery. It has a perinatal mortality of 14%–64%, depending on the severity of the disease. Surgical correction is done urgently in severely symptomatic patients, whereas surgery can be delayed in asymptomatic or mildly symptomatic patients. In the last 2 years (July 2021–June 2023) in our single tertiary care center, five patients of TOF with APV with varying severity have been documented. Among these five patients, two patients had cyanosis and three patients had recurrent cough and cold during childhood. Two patients were diagnosed during health screening. One newborn had respiratory distress due to compression of the tracheobronchial tree by a hugely dilated pulmonary artery. TOF with APV has features of both pulmonary stenosis and regurgitation, a malaligned ventricular septal defect, and a dilated pulmonary artery. The direction of the shunt depends on the severity of pulmonary stenosis. Patients with left-to-right shunt may develop pulmonary artery hypertension depending on flow and gradient across the pulmonary valve. Patients with a massively dilated pulmonary trunk obstructing the tracheobronchial tree and patients with right-to-left shunt and cyanosis usually have worse outcomes. Often, the disease is diagnosed in late childhood, particularly in mildly symptomatic and asymptomatic patients.
A Rare Case of Prostatic Utricle Cyst Causing Obstructive Azoospermia
Authors: Anand Madhur , Singh Bhupendra Pal , Jain Ujjawal , Dev Nitish , Kesharwani Mayank 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Male infertility is a concern affecting approximately 8% of couples worldwide, with ejaculatory duct obstruction contributing to about 5% of male infertility cases. Prostatic utricle cysts are a rare but surgically correctable cause of ejaculatory duct obstruction. While often asymptomatic, these cysts can manifest as azoospermia with low ejaculate volume, necessitating intervention for fertility restoration. We present the case of a 22-year-old newly married male with azoospermia and otherwise unremarkable medical history. Clinical examination revealed normal bilateral vas deferens and epididymis, along with low ejaculate volume. Testicular size, follicle-stimulating hormone, and testosterone levels were within the normal range. Transabdominal ultrasound uncovered a midline cystic structure within the prostate. Bilateral testicular fine-needle aspiration confirmed the presence of spermatozoa at various stages of development. The patient underwent urethroscopy, bilateral retrograde seminal vesiculography, and transurethral resection of the midline prostatic cyst. At 3 months, the follow-up revealed normal semen analysis. Transurethral resection of the roof of the midline prostatic cyst can effectively restore fertility in cases of ejaculatory duct obstruction. Precise resection technique is crucial to prevent damage to the urethral sphincter and subsequent incontinence. This approach offers a favorable prognosis for fertility restoration in patients with prostatic utricle cysts and associated azoospermia.
Completeness Documentation of Fall Risk Management
Authors: Sari Sugianto Kartika Mawar , Sri Hariyati Rr Tutik , Galleryzki Annisa Rahmi , Bota Koten Elisabet Herlyani , Sudjiati Endang , Bardah Dadan 
Published: May 2024

Background:
Patient safety management includes the documentation of fall risks. This study aims to portray the nurses' performance toward the risk of falling management in hospitals.

Materials and Methods:
A cross-sectional approach was used as the study design to measure the documentation completeness of the nursing process toward the risk of falling at hospitals during 2020. There are 110 selected medical records of hospitalized patients based on inclusion criteria such as low-risk medical records, hospitalization within 3 days, and a maximum hospitalization length of one year after the beginning of the data collection procedure. Univariate analysis is chosen to analyze the data.

Results:
The results showed that nurses were inconsistent in implementing fall risk management. Furthermore, the assessment was 68.18%, where 45.45% of nurses made the nursing diagnosis, 4.55% described the problems and etiology, and also 32.72% evaluated patients' integrated records.

Conclusions:
The incomplete documentation of fall risk describes the nonoptimal risk management implementation. The head nurse should develop a dynamic interaction with the fall risk patients, as well as increase nursing coordination and integration.
Challenges of Caregivers Having Children with Autism in Kenya
Authors: Masaba Brian Barasa , Taiswa Jonathan , Mmusi-Phetoe Rose Maureen 
Published: May 2024

Background:
Caring for children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is demanding, especially where access to services and support are inadequate. The present study aimed to systematically review the challenges associated with the caregivers whose children have autism.

Materials and Methods:
A systematic review design was utilized. The searches were conducted from February 2019 to January 2020. A qualitative analysis that was based on meta-aggregation approach and thematic analysis was used. Thereafter, data was presented into themes. The quality of all included studies was assessed using the Critical Appraisal Skills Program (CASP).

Results:
The search generated 909 articles of which only 9 met the inclusion criteria. The main findings were discussed under the following three thematic domains: 1) Stigma, 2) Financial burden, and 3) Caregiving burden.

Conclusions:
Evidence from the data reviewed showed financial burden faced by the caregivers whose children are diagnosed with ASD. This was manifested through both direct and indirect cost of treatment. Another key finding was that majority of the caregivers faced stigma from the community. This implies the low level of awareness of the ASD within the community. The present study calls for more programs on the present research problem within the community so as to increase awareness. Furthermore, the current advocacy of Universal Health Coverage programs in the country should incorporate ASD children.