bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anatomical and scanning electron microscopic investigations of the tongue and laryngeal entrance in the long‐legged buzzard (Buteo rufinus, cretzschmar, 1829)
Authors: Erdoǧan Serkan , Pèrez William , Alan Aydin 
Published: April 2012

AbstractThis research aimed to examine the morphological features of the tongue and laryngeal entrance of long‐legged buzzard by macroscopic and scanning electron microscopic methods. Two adult buzzards were used as material. The tongue was fairly elongated and terminated in oval shovel‐like apex. Scale‐like projections were localized on the apex and body of tongue. Both lateral sides of lingual body were contained considerably long thread‐like projections. Many orifices of lingual posterior salivary glands were discerned among scale‐like projections in median sulcus of the lingual body. Papillary crest of sharp conical papilla were observed on the between the body and root of the tongue. No conical papillae or other projections were existent on the root of the tongue, but numerous orifices of posterior salivary gland ducts were detected. In addition, orifices of anterior salivary gland ducts were present on the dorsal and lateral surfaces of the lingual body. Numerous conical papillae were observed on the caudal region of glottis and no conical papillae or any similar projection which were bordered the glottic fissure was noted. Anatomy of these organs in the long‐legged buzzard and white tailed eagle which are the member of the same family, Accipitridae, revealed very high similarity. Microsc. Res. Tech. 75:1245–1252, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Detection of human bocavirus 1 and 2 from children with acute gastroenteritis in Japan
Authors: Khamrin Pattara , Thongprachum Aksara , Shimizu Hiroyuki , Okitsu Shoko , Mizuguchi Masashi , Hayakawa Satoshi , Maneekarn Niwat , Ushijima Hiroshi 
Published: April 2012

AbstractThis study reports the detection and the genetic characterization of HBoV, a new member in the Parvoviridae family. Among 177 fecal specimens collected from children with diarrhea younger than 5 years in Japan, 11 (6.2%) were positive for HBoV. Co‐infection with other enteric viruses (norovirus and adenovirus) was found in nine (81.8%) pediatric patients, while monoinfection by HBoV alone was detected in two (18.2%) cases. Nucleotide sequence analysis of 11 Japanese HBoV strains revealed that seven HBoV sequences were most closely related to other HBoV 1 reference strains, while the other four strains were similar to HBoV 2A. These results indicated that HBoV was one of the viral agents found in stool specimens collected from children with acute gastroenteritis and HBoV 1 and 2A circulated in Japan between 2009 and 2010 epidemic season. J. Med. Virol. 84:901–905, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Prospective evaluation of a new automated nucleic acid extraction system using routine clinical respiratory specimens
Authors: Mengelle C. , Mansuy J.‐M. , Sandres‐Sauné K. , Barthe C. , Boineau J. , Izopet J. 
Published: April 2012

AbstractThe aim of the study was to evaluate the MagNA Pure 96™ nucleic acid extraction system using clinical respiratory specimens for identifying viruses by qualitative real‐time PCR assays. Three extraction methods were tested, that is, the MagNA Pure LC™, the COBAS Ampliprep™, and the MagNA Pure 96™ with 10‐fold dilutions of an influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 sample. Two hundred thirty‐nine respiratory specimens, 35 throat swabs, 164 nasopharyngeal specimens, and 40 broncho‐alveolar fluids, were extracted with the MagNA Pure 96™ and the COBAS Ampliprep™ instruments. Forty COBAS Ampliprep™ positive samples were also tested. Real‐time PCRs were used to identify influenza A and influenza A(H1N1)pdm09, rhinovirus, enterovirus, adenovirus, varicella zoster virus, cytomegalovirus, and herpes simplex virus. Similar results were obtained on RNA extracted from dilutions of influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 with the three systems: the MagNA Pure LC™, the COBAS Ampliprep™, and the MagNA Pure 96™. Data from clinical respiratory specimens extracted with the MagNA Pure 96™ and COBAS Ampliprep™ instruments were in 98.5% in agreement (P < 0.0001) for influenza A and influenza A(H1N1)pdm09. Data for rhinovirus were in 97.3% agreement (P < 0.0001) and in 96.8% agreement for enterovirus. They were in 100% agreement for adenovirus. Data for cytomegalovirus and HSV1‐2 were in 95.2% agreement (P < 0.0001). The MagNA Pure 96™ instrument is easy‐to‐use, reliable, and has a high throughput for extracting total nucleic acid from respiratory specimens. These extracts are suitable for molecular diagnosis with any type of real‐time PCR assay. J. Med. Virol. 84:906–911, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Prevalence and genotype distribution of human papillomavirus infection of the cervix in Spain: The CLEOPATRE study
Authors: Castellsagué Xavier , Iftner Thomas , Roura Esther , Vidart José Antonio , Kjaer Susanne K. , Bosch F. Xavier , Muñoz Nubia , Palacios Santiago , Rodriguez Maria San Martin , Serradell Laurence , Torcel‐Pagnon Laurence , Cortes Javier ,   for the CLEOPATRE Spain Study Group
Published: April 2012

AbstractHuman papillomavirus (HPV) infection is a necessary cause of cervical cancer. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of cervical HPV infection and HPV type‐specific distribution among women attending cervical cancer screening in Spain during 2007 and 2008. Women aged 18–65 years were recruited according to an age‐stratified sampling method. Liquid‐based cervical samples were collected and analyzed for cytology, HPV detection, and genotyping. HPV genotyping was determined using the INNO‐LiPA HPV Genotyping Extra Reverse Hybridization Line Probe Assay. Prevalence estimates were age‐standardized using 2001 Spanish census data. The present study included 3,261 women. Age‐standardized HC2‐based HPV prevalence was 14.3% (95% CI, 13.1–15.5) among women aged 18–65 years, and 28.8% (26.6–31.1) among women aged 18–25 years. High‐risk HPV types were detected in 12.2% (95% CI, 11.1–13.4) of HPV‐tested women, representing 84.0% of HPV‐positive samples. Multiple infections were present in 4.1% (95% CI, 3.4–4.8) of HPV‐tested women (25.0% of HPV‐positive samples). The most common high‐risk HPV‐types among HPV‐tested women were 16 (2.9%), 52 (1.8%), 51 (1.6%), 31 (1.3%), and 66 (1.2%). HPV‐type 16 was present in 16.9% of HPV‐positive samples. One or more of the HPV vaccine types 6/11/16/18 were detected in 3.8% of HPV‐tested women (22.1% of HPV‐positive samples). Though not a true population‐based survey, this study provides valuable baseline data for future assessment of the impact of current HPV vaccination programs in Spain. The high prevalence of HPV infection among young women may reflect recent changes in sexual behavior. J. Med. Virol. 84:947–956, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Early human enterovirus infections in healthy Swedish children participating in the PRODIA pilot study
Authors: Simonen‐Tikka Marja‐Leena , Hiekka Anna‐Kaisa , Klemola Päivi , Poussa Tuija , Ludvigsson Johnny , Korpela Riitta , Vaarala Outi , Roivainen Merja 
Published: April 2012

AbstractHuman enteroviruses (HEV) are common, especially in childhood and during the enterovirus season, causing mainly asymptomatic infections but also mild and severe illnesses. Numerous studies have shown the association between HEV infections and type 1 diabetes. Here, the prevalence of HEV infections was studied in healthy Swedish children with increased HLA‐associated risk for type 1 diabetes participating in the PRODIA pilot study in which children were randomized to receive probiotics or placebo during the first 6 months of life. Stool specimens collected from 197 children in every 3 months from the age of 3 to 24 months were screened for HEV using traditional viral culturing method and identified with reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) and sequencing of the partial VP1 coding part of the viral genome. Altogether 4.8% (52/1,094) of the specimens were HEV‐positive and 22.3% (44/197) of the children excreted HEV during the follow‐up. HEV‐A and HEV‐B were present in 2.1 and 2.7% of the specimens, respectively. HEV‐C and HEV‐D viruses were not detected. In total, 17 different HEV serotypes were detected and the most common findings were CV‐A9 (13.5%), CV‐A16 (11.5%), and CV‐A2 (9.6%). The majority of the infections (92.3%) were during the enterovirus season extending from July to December. Probiotic treatment did not affect significantly the risk of HEV infections during the 2‐year follow‐up although a trend for transient decrease for HEV positivity (HEV‐A and/or HEV‐B) by the age of 12 months was observed in children who received probiotics [OR 0.40; 95% confidence interval 0.15 to 1.08; P‐value 0.071, generalized estimating (GEE) analysis]. According to the results, HEV‐A findings were nearly as common as HEV‐B findings among the healthy children participating in this study. Also it was shown that serotypes belonging to HEV‐A species can be detected by means of viral culturing. J. Med. Virol. 84:923–930, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Improved quantitative PCR protocols for adenovirus and CMV with an internal inhibition control system and automated nucleic acid isolation
Authors: Henke‐Gendo C. , Ganzenmueller T. , Kluba J. , Harste G. , Raggub L. , Heim A. 
Published: April 2012

AbstractWith the establishment of routine virus load (DNAemia) screening for Human adenovirus (HAdV) and Cytomegalovirus (CMV) in post‐transplant care quality standards for quantitative PCR‐assays are increasing. Established real‐time PCR assays were improved with a fully automated DNA‐extraction and with a competitive internal control DNA packaged into a lambda phage which serves as an extraction and amplification control in each sample. HAdV and CMV DNA were detected and quantified simultaneously in various types of diagnostic samples like blood, feces or respiratory tract materials. Inhibition was observed in 0.33–0.66% of over 14,000 diagnostic samples, an infrequent but nevertheless not negligible event, which is observed mainly in stool samples. CMV viral load in broncho‐alveolar lavage fluid (BALF) ranged between positive but below the quantitation limit of 1,000 copies/ml up to 1.8 × 107 copies/ml with a median of 6.0 × 103 copies/ml. Forty‐one (4.7%) BALF samples had a viral load above 5.0 × 105 copies/ml, which was proposed as a threshold for the diagnosis of pneumonia. HAdV viral loads ranged between positive but below the quantitation limit of 1,000 copies/ml to a very high concentration of 1.3 × 1011 copies/ml in stool and BALF samples. A HAdV‐DNAemia of >104 copies/ml was found only in patients with stool viral load of above 105 copies/ml. These data support the hypothesis that quantitation in diagnostic materials other than blood may give valuable diagnostic information and that further evaluation of this approach is reasonable. J. Med. Virol. 84:890–896, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Human parvovirus B19 surveillance in patients with rash and fever from Belarus
Authors: Yermalovich Marina A. , Hübschen Judith M. , Semeiko Galina V. , Samoilovich Elena O. , Muller Claude P. 
Published: April 2012

AbstractHuman parvovirus B19 (B19V) infection in immunocompetent patients usually has a mild clinical course, but during pregnancy it can cause serious and even fatal complications in the fetus. The most common clinical presentation of B19V infection is erythema infectiosum and in this case laboratory confirmation is required for differentiation from other exanthematous diseases. Measles and rubella negative sera collected in Belarus between 2005 and 2008 from 906 patients with a rash and fever were screened for B19V infection by ELISA. More than 35% of the samples (322/906) were positive for B19V. The proportion ranged from 10.1% in 2008 to 53.2% in 2006 when an outbreak took place in Minsk city. All B19V outbreaks and cluster cases occurred during the winter–spring period, but sporadic cases were recorded basically throughout the year. The majority of the cases (56.5%) occurred among the 2 till 10 year old children, and 27.3% of the cases were observed in adults between 19 and 53 years. All 104 B19V strains sequenced in the NS1/VP1u region belonged to genotype 1 with a maximal genetic distance of 1.75%. The two phylogenetic clusters reflected the geographic origins of the viruses within the country. Forty‐two unique nucleotide mutations as compared to sequences downloaded from GenBank were found in the VP1u and NS1 regions; most of these changes were nonsynonymous. This report highlights the importance of B19V infection in patients with a rash and fever in Belarus. J. Med. Virol. 84:973–978, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Assessing risk of a short‐term antiretroviral therapy discontinuation as a read‐out of viral control in immune‐based therapy
Authors: Routy J.P. , Boulassel M.R. , Nicolette C.A. , Jacobson J.M. 
Published: April 2012

AbstractAlthough analytical treatment interruption is used as a strategy to test immunotherapeutic agents in HIV‐infection, it may pose a risk for study participants. The potential risks of short‐term interruption of antiretroviral therapy (ART) during treatment with an autologous dendritic cell immune‐based therapy (AGS‐004‐001) were assessed using data from a subgroup of subjects in the strategies for management of antiretroviral therapy (SMART) study with matched eligibility criteria. A retrospective subgroup analysis of the SMART study population using the eligibility criteria and treatment stopping rules of AGS‐004‐001 study was analyzed. Key inclusion criteria for AGS‐004‐001 study were applied to the data collected from participants of the SMART study. There were 440 of 2,720 on the drug conservation arm and 436 of 2,752 on the viral suppression arm that matched the AGS‐004‐001 inclusion criteria and were used in the SMART subgroup analysis. In the first 16 weeks following randomization into the SMART study there were no deaths in either subgroup. There were two AIDS‐related events in the drug conservation subgroup and one in the viral suppression subgroup, making the overall risk of AIDS‐related events 2 per 100 person years (0.005%) and 1 per 100 person years (0.002%) in the two subgroups, respectively. There were 6/440 subjects (1.4%) in the drug conservation subgroup and 4/436 subjects (0.92%) in the viral suppression subgroup who experienced Grade 2 adverse events. These results demonstrated that analytical treatment interruption within the context of highly selective, closely monitored studies assessing the antiviral activity of immune‐based agents should be an acceptable strategy for at least 16 weeks. J. Med. Virol. 84:885–889, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
High‐resolution computed tomography analysis of the prevalence of onodi cells
Authors: Tomovic Senja , Esmaeili Azadeh , Chan Norman J. , Choudhry Osamah J. , Shukla Pratik A. , Liu James K. , Eloy Jean Anderson 
Published: April 2012

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:Onodi cells are the posterior‐most ethmoid air cells that lie superior to the sphenoid sinus. Identification of these cells is essential prior to endoscopic sinus and skull base surgery due to their intricate relationship with the optic nerves and carotid arteries, which may lead to deleterious complications. In this study, high‐resolution computed tomography (HRCT) scans from 170 adult‐patients were analyzed by two independent observers for the presence of Onodi cells.Study Design:Radiographic analysis at a tertiary care medical center.Methods:A retrospective analysis was performed on patients undergoing HRCT between July 2008 and September 2010. Incidence of Onodi cells and demographic data were collected.Results:The overall prevalence of Onodi cells in this cohort was 65.3%. Subgroup analysis based on ethnicity showed a rate of Onodi cells of 83.3% in Asians, 73.1% in whites, 57.0% in African Americans, and 62.7% in Hispanics. The prevalence of Onodi cells was not significantly different among the different ethnicities (P > .05). However, this was limited by a small sample size in some ethnic groups. Onodi cell prevalence was equivalent among males and females: 62.2% and 63.5% respectively (P > .05). Overall, our results show a greater prevalence of Onodi cells than previously reported.Conclusions:We found a higher prevalence of Onodi cells in our cohort than previously reported in the literature. Therefore, it is important for surgeons to anticipate the presence of these cells during endoscopic sinus and skull base procedures to prevent potential complications. Laryngoscope, 2012
The effect of alcohol abuse and alcohol withdrawal on short‐term outcomes and cost of care after head and neck cancer surgery
Authors: Genther Dane J. , Gourin Christine G. 
Published: April 2012

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:Alcohol abuse is associated with an increased incidence of postoperative complications in surgical patients and is a significant risk factor for the development of head and neck cancer (HNCA). We sought to determine the relationship between alcohol abuse and in‐hospital mortality, postoperative complications, length of stay, and costs in HNCA surgery.Study Design:Retrospective cross‐sectional study.Methods:Discharge data from the Nationwide Inpatient Sample for 92,312 patients aged 18 years and older who underwent an ablative procedure for a malignant oral cavity, laryngeal, hypopharyngeal, or oropharyngeal neoplasm in 2003 to 2008, were analyzed using cross‐tabulations and multivariate regression modeling.Results:Patients who abused alcohol were more likely to have advanced comorbidity, undergo major surgical procedures, and require medical care at another facility or home healthcare after discharge. The development of alcohol withdrawal symptoms (AWS) was associated with an increased incidence of acute medical complications (odds ratio [OR]: 5.6, P < .001) and surgical complications (OR: 2.3, P < .001). After controlling for all other variables, there was no significant association of alcohol abuse or AWS with in‐hospital mortality; however, alcohol abuse and AWS were associated with significantly increased length of hospitalization and hospital‐related costs, with AWS having the single largest impact on length of stay and costs.Conclusions:Alcohol withdrawal is associated with an increase in postoperative medical and surgical complications, length of hospitalization, and hospital‐related costs in HNCA surgical patients. Aggressive measures to prevent the development of AWS in patients who abuse alcohol are warranted. Laryngoscope, 2012
The physiologic impact of transnasal flexible endoscopy
Authors: Ongkasuwan Julina , Yung Katherine C. , Courey Mark S. 
Published: April 2012

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:Diagnostic transnasal flexible endoscopy (TNFE) is a commonly used office procedure in otolaryngology. Currently there is a paucity of data on the impact of TNFE on physiologic parameters. This is relevant with the advent of office‐based endoscopic procedures. The goal of this study is to measure the impact of topical decongestion, anesthesia, and diagnostic TNFE on vital signs: systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP), heart rate (HR), and oxygenation (O2 sat).Study Design:Prospective case control study, in which the patient is his/her control.Methods:Vital signs were obtained at baseline, immediately after the application of Neosynephrine, after the application of lidocaine, 5 minutes later, with the scope in the nasopharynx and hypopharynx, and upon completion of the procedure.Results:Compared to the baseline data, there was a statistically significant increase in HR after the procedure (mean change, 4.06 ± 10.15 bpm; range, −14 to 42 bpm, P = .01). There was also a change in O2 sat (mean change, 0.42% ± 1.36%; range −3% to 3%, P = .03) after the application of lidocaine. When comparing each data point to the preceding point, there was a statistically significant change in SBP with the scope in the nasopharynx (mean change, 5.34 ± 10.65 mm Hg; range, −22 to 28 mm Hg, P = .001) and in HR with the scope in the hypopharynx (mean change, 3.76 ± 6.41 bpm; range, −9 to 19 bpm, P = .0004).Conclusions:Diagnostic TNFE and topical lidocaine can have an impact on physiologic parameters; however, these changes are unlikely to be clinically significant.
Combined prospective and retrospective correction to reduce motion‐induced image misalignment and geometric distortions in EPI
Authors: Ooi Melvyn B. , Muraskin Jordan , Zou Xiaowei , Thomas William J. , Krueger Sascha , Aksoy Murat , Bammer Roland , Brown Truman R. 
Published: April 2012

AbstractDespite rigid‐body realignment to compensate for head motion during an echo‐planar imaging time‐series scan, nonrigid image deformations remain due to changes in the effective shim within the brain as the head moves through the B0 field. The current work presents a combined prospective/retrospective solution to reduce both rigid and nonrigid components of this motion‐related image misalignment. Prospective rigid‐body correction, where the scan‐plane orientation is dynamically updated to track with the subject's head, is performed using an active marker setup. Retrospective distortion correction is then applied to unwarp the remaining nonrigid image deformations caused by motion‐induced field changes. Distortion correction relative to a reference time‐frame does not require any additional field mapping scans or models, but rather uses the phase information from the echo‐planar imaging time‐series itself. This combined method is applied to compensate echo‐planar imaging scans of volunteers performing in‐plane and through‐plane head motions, resulting in increased image stability beyond what either prospective or retrospective rigid‐body correction alone can achieve. The combined method is also assessed in a blood oxygen level dependent functional MRI task, resulting in improved Z‐score statistics. Magn Reson Med, 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
An Alternative Preparation of 1‐(N,N‐Dimethylaminomethyl)‐1′‐(diphenylphosphanyl)ferrocene: Synthesis and Structural Characterization of AuI and PdII Complexes with this Hybrid Ligand
Authors: Štěpnička Petr , Zábranský Martin , Císařová Ivana 
Published: April 2012

Abstract1‐(N,N‐Dimethylaminomethyl)‐1′‐(diphenylphosphanyl)ferrocene (1) was synthesized in good yield by lithiation of 1‐bromo‐1′‐(diphenylphosphanyl)ferrocene and subsequent reaction with Eschenmoser’s salt (dimethylmethylideneammonium iodide). Making use of an easily accessible, nontoxic starting material, this procedure represents a convenient alternative to the original synthetic protocol based on stepwise lithiation/functionalization of 1,1′‐bis(tributylstannyl)ferrocene and reductive amination [M. E. Wright, Organometallics 1990, 9, 853–856]. Compound 1 has typical hybrid‐donor properties. When reacted with [AuCl(tht)] (tht=tetrahydrothiophene), it afforded the expected AuI phosphane complex [AuCl(1‐κP)] (2). An attempted removal of the chloride ligand from 2 with AgClO4 produced an ill‐defined material formulated as Au(1)ClO4. The uncoordinated amine substituent reacted with traces of hydrogen chloride formed by slow decomposition typically occurring in solution. In this manner, complexes [AuCl(Ph2PfcCH2NHMe2)]Cl (3, fc=ferrocene‐1,1′‐diyl) and [AuCl(Ph2PfcCH2NHMe2)]ClO4 (4) were isolated from crystallizations experiments with 2 and Au(1)ClO4, respectively. On a larger scale, complex 3 was prepared easily from 2 and hydrogen chloride. The course of reactions between [PdCl2(cod)] (cod=cycloocta‐1,5‐diene) and 1 were found to depend on the ligand‐to‐metal ratio. Whereas the reaction with two equivalents of 1 afforded bis(phosphane) complex trans‐[PdCl2(1‐κP)2] (5), that of a Pd:P ratio 1:1 produced ligand‐bridged dimer [(μ‐1)PdCl2]2 (6). With hydrogen chloride, complex 6 reacted to afford zwitterionic complex [PdCl3(1H‐κP)] (7), which was also formed when ligand 1 and [PdCl2(cod)] were allowed to react slowly by liquid‐phase diffusion of their chloroform solutions. The compounds were characterized by spectroscopic methods (multinuclear NMR and ESI–MS), and the molecular structures of complex 2–4, 6⋅2CHCl3 and 7⋅1.5CHCl3 were determined by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction analysis.