bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Regio‐ and Stereocontrolled Palladium‐Catalyzed Allylic Substitution on N‐Acetylneuraminic Acid Derivatives
Authors: Chang Chih‐Wei , Norsikian Stéphanie , Guillot Regis , Beau Jean‐Marie 
Published: March 2010

AbstractA process for highly effective regio‐ and stereoselective palladium‐catalyzed allylic substitution of 2,3‐unsaturated derivatives of N‐acetylneuraminic acid (Neu5Ac2en) has been developed. We show that the efficiency of the allylation reaction depends on suitable protecting groups on the starting material and that, with sodium malonate anion as a nucleophile, the regioselectivity can be fine‐tuned by the nature of the ligands associated with the palladium complex. These results are explained by the stoichiometric preparation and study of the highly probable complexes involved in the catalytic reaction. Reactions of this type were also applied to other nucleophiles for the construction of C–C, C–N, and C–O bonds, leading to the major formation of the C‐4 regioisomers. The selective transformation of some of the substitution products provided easy access to a variety of modified sialic acid derivatives that might serve as useful sialyl building blocks for biological research.
Genotoxicity of acrylamide in vitro: Acrylamide is not metabolically activated in standard in vitro systems
Authors: Koyama Naoki , Yasui Manabu , Oda Yoshimitsu , Suzuki Satoshi , Satoh Tetsuo , Suzuki Takuya , Matsuda Tomonari , Masuda Shuichi , Kinae Naohide , Honma Masamitsu 
Published: March 2010

AbstractThe recent finding that acrylamide (AA), a genotoxic rodent carcinogen, is formed during the frying or baking of a variety of foods raises human health concerns. AA is known to be metabolized by cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1) to glycidamide (GA), which is responsible for AA's in vivo genotoxicity and probable carcinogenicity. In in‐vitro mammalian cell tests, however, AA genotoxicity is not enhanced by rat liver S9 or a human liver microsomal fraction. In an attempt to demonstrate the in vitro expression of AA genotoxicity, we employedSalmonellastrains and human cell lines that overexpress human CYP2E1. In theumutest, however, AA was not genotoxic in the CYP2E1‐expressingSalmonellastrain or its parental strain. Moreover, a transgenic human lymphoblastoid cell line overexpressing CYP2E1 (h2E1v2) and its parental cell line (AHH‐1) both showed equally weak cytotoxic and genotoxic responses to high (>1 mM) AA concentrations. The DNA adduct N7‐GA‐Gua, which is detected in liver following AA treatment in vivo, was not substantially formed in the in vitro system. These results indicate that AA was not metabolically activated to GA in vitro. Thus, AA is not relevantly genotoxic in vitro, although its in vivo genotoxicity was clearly demonstrated. Environ. Mol. Mutagen. 52:11–19, 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
BER gene polymorphisms (OGG1 Ser326CysandXRCC1 Arg194Trp) and modulation of DNA damage due to pesticides exposure
Authors: Rohr Paula , da Silva Juliana , Erdtmann Bernardo , Saffi Jenifer , Guecheva Temenouga Nikolova , Antônio Pêgas Henriques João , Kvitko Kátia 
Published: March 2010

AbstractThe susceptibility of individuals to the genotoxic effect of pesticides can be modulated by genetic variations in the xenobiotic detoxification and DNA repair processes. This study evaluates if the two BER polymorphisms (XRCC1Arg194TrpandOGG1Ser326Cys) or the combined genotypes of these polymorphisms withPON1Gln192Argcould modify individual susceptibility to pesticide exposure in vineyard workers, as measured by micronucleus formation and DNA damage induction in peripheral leukocytes. The study population comprised 108 agricultural workers exposed to pesticides and 65 nonexposed. Our results demonstrate that individuals with the variant allele (OGG1Cys) showed higher DNA damage, detected by the comet assay, in relation to individuals carrying the wild‐typeOGG1Serallele. Considering the combined influence of metabolizingPON1and the DNA repairOGG1genes, we observed significantly higher DNA damage in the comet assay in the exposed group when a less efficientOGG1Cysallele was acting independently of thePON1genotype, reinforcing the importance of the OGG1 repair enzyme in the response to DNA damage by pesticide exposure. The association of thePONGln/Glngenotype with higher MN frequency suggests that thePON1genotype is a major determinant of genotoxic risk in individuals exposed to pesticides. Analysis of the compared effect ofXRCC1andPON1genotypes in the exposed group suggested that, among the poorly metabolizingPON1Gln/Glnindividuals, theXRCC1Arg/Trpgenotype has a protective effect with respect to MN formation. These results indicate that enhancedXRCC1function may provide some protection from the enhanced genotoxic risk associated with inefficient xenobiotic detoxification in the studied population. Environ. Mol. Mutagen. 52:20–27, 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Modified augmented Lagrangian preconditioners for the incompressible Navier–Stokes equations
Authors: Benzi Michele , Olshanskii Maxim A. , Wang Zhen 
Published: March 2010

AbstractWe study different variants of the augmented Lagrangian (AL)‐based block‐triangular preconditioner introduced by the first two authors in [SIAM J. Sci. Comput.2006;28: 2095–2113]. The preconditioners are used to accelerate the convergence of the Generalized Minimal Residual method (GMRES) applied to various finite element and Marker‐and‐Cell discretizations of the Oseen problem in two and three space dimensions. Both steady and unsteady problems are considered. Numerical experiments show the effectiveness of the proposed preconditioners for a wide range of problem parameters. Implementation on parallel architectures is also considered. The AL‐based approach is further generalized to deal with linear systems from stabilized finite element discretizations. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A γ‐DGBGK scheme for compressible multi‐fluids
Authors: Ni Guoxi , Sun Wenjun 
Published: March 2010

AbstractThe paper presents a Discontinuous Galerkin γ‐BGK (γ‐DGBGK) method for compressible multicomponent flow simulations by coupling the discontinuous Galerkin method with a γ‐BGK scheme based on WENO limiters. In this γ‐DGBGK method, the construction of the flux in the DG method is based on the kinetic scheme which not only couples the convective and dissipative terms together, but also includes both discontinuous and continuous terms in the flux formulation at cell interfaces. WENO limiters are used to obtain uniform high‐order accuracy and sharp non‐oscillatory shock transition, and time accuracy obtained by integration for the flux function at the cell interface. Numerical examples in one and two space dimensions are presented to illustrate the robust and accuracy of the present scheme. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Role of ERK map kinase and CRM1 in IL‐1β‐stimulated release of HMGB1 from cortical astrocytes
Authors: Hayakawa Kazuhide , Arai Ken , Lo Eng H. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractReactive astrocytes are traditionally thought to impede brain plasticity after stroke. However, we previously showed that reactive astrocytes may also contribute to stroke recovery, partly via the release of a nuclear protein called high‐mobility group box 1 (HMGB1). Here, we investigate the mechanisms that allow stimulated astrocytes to release HMGB1. Exposure of rat primary astrocytes to IL‐1β for 24 h elicited a dose‐dependent HMGB1 response. Immunostaining and western blots of cell lysates showed increased intracellular levels of HMGB1. Western blots confirmed that IL‐1β induced a release of HMGB1 into astrocyte conditioned media. MAP kinase signaling was involved. Levels of phospho‐ERK were increased by IL‐1β, and the MEK/ERK inhibitor U0126 decreased HMGB1 upregulation in the stimulated astrocytes. Since HMGB1 is a nuclear protein, the role of the nuclear protein exporter, chromosome region maintenance 1 (CRM1), was assessed as a candidate mechanism for linking MAP kinase signaling to HMGB1 release. IL‐1β increased CRM1 expression in concert with a translocation of HMGB1 from nucleus into cytoplasm. Blockade of IL‐1β‐stimulated HMGB1 release with the ERK inhibitor U0126 was accompanied by a downregulation of CRM1. Our findings reveal that IL‐1β stimulates the release of HMGB1 from activated astrocytes via ERK MAP kinase and CRM1 signaling. These data suggest a novel pathway by which inflammatory cytokines may enhance the ability of reactive astrocytes to release prorecovery mediators after stroke. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Response rates for mailout survey‐driven studies in patients with head and neck cancer
Authors: Goldstein David P. , Eskander Antoine , Chepeha Douglas B. , Ringash Jolie , Irish Jonathan , Davis Aileen M. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractBackground:Mailout survey studies are becoming more prevalent in the head and neck literature. The objective of this paper is to summarize response rates in patients with head and neck cancer, and to provide recommendations surrounding methodology used to design and implement mailout survey questionnaires.Methods:The results of this paper are from a study assessing the measurement properties of the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand Questionnaire (DASH) in head and neck cancer patients. A modified Dillman tailored design approach was used.Results:The methods used yielded a response rate of 80% with this patient population.Conclusion:This is a considerably higher response rate than other reports in the oncology literature. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2010
A Telemetric light delivery system for metronomic photodynamic therapy (mPDT) in rats
Authors: van Zaane Floor , Subbaiyan Devendiran , van der Ploeg‐van den Heuvel Angelique , de Bruijn Henriëtte S. , Margallo Balbas Eduardo , Pandraud Grégory , Sterenborg Henricus J. C. M. , French Patrick J. , Robinson Dominic J. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractLight delivery and monitoring during photodynamic therapy (PDT) is often limited by the need for a physical link between the light source, detectors and the treatment volume. This paper reports on the first in vivo experiments performed with a fully implantable telemetric system, designed for a rat glioblastoma model. In this system, light delivery is performed using a solid state optode containing 2 LEDs, and 4 photodiodes which will be used to monitor light delivery in future experiments. Powering and communication is achieved by means of an inductive link. The implant may remain in the animal for extended time periods, making it particularly interesting for performing metronomic PDT. In this paper, we demonstrate the feasibility of in vivo light delivery and biocompatibility of the device.. Activation of the inductive link as well as illumination of the brain by the LED did not influence animal behavior during or after treatment. We show that the implant can remain in the animal for two weeks without causing serious biological reactions. (© 2010 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Explicit dosimetry for photodynamic therapy: macroscopic singlet oxygen modeling
Authors: Wang Ken Kang‐Hsin , Finlay Jarod C. , Busch Theresa M. , Hahn Stephen M. , Zhu Timothy C. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractSinglet oxygen (1O2) is the major cytotoxic agent responsible for cell killing for type‐II photodynamic therapy (PDT). An empirical four‐parameter macroscopic model is proposed to calculate the “apparent reacted 1O2 concentration”, [1O2]rx, as a clinical PDT dosimetry quantity. This model incorporates light diffusion equation and a set of PDT kinetics equations, which can be applied in any clinical treatment geometry. We demonstrate that by introducing a fitting quantity “apparent singlet oxygen threshold concentration” [1O2]rx, sd, it is feasible to determine the model parameters by fitting the computed [1O2]rx to the Photofrin‐mediated PDT‐induced necrotic distance using interstitially‐measured Photofrin concentration and optical properties within each mouse. After determining the model parameters and the [1O2]rx, sd, we expect to use this model as an explicit dosimetry to assess PDT treatment outcome for a specific photosensitizer in an in vivo environment. The results also provide evidence that the [1O2]rx, because it takes into account the oxygen consumption (or light fluence rate) effect, can be a better predictor of PDT outcome than the PDT dose defined as the energy absorbed by the photosensitizer, which is proportional to the product of photosensitizer concentration and light fluence. (© 2010 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
A helpful technology – the luminescence detection of singlet oxygen to investigate photodynamic inactivation of bacteria (PDIB)
Authors: Regensburger Johannes , Maisch Tim , Felgenträger Ariane , Santarelli Francesco , Bäumler Wolfgang 
Published: March 2010

AbstractPhotodynamic inactivation of bacteria (PDIB) is considered a new approach for the struggle against multiresistant bacteria. To achieve a sufficient level of bacteria killing, the photosensitizer must attach to and/or penetrate the bacteria and generate a sufficiently high amount of singlet oxygen. To optimize PDIB, the direct detection and quantification of singlet oxygen in bacteria is a helpful tool. Singlet‐oxygen luminescence is a very weak signal, in particular in living bacteria. We first performed experiments in aqueous photosensitizer solution to optimize the luminescence system. We eliminated non‐singlet‐oxygen photons, which is important for the quantification of singlet oxygen and its rise and decay rates. This procedure is even more important when the laser excitation beam is scattered by bacteria (diameter 1 μm). In suspensions with both Gram‐positive and Gram‐negative bacteria we then clearly detected singlet oxygen by its luminescence and determined the respective rise and decay times. The decay times should provide an indication of localization of singlet oxygen and hence of the photosensitizer even in small bacteria. (© 2010 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Validation and application of normalization factors for gene expression studies in rubella virus‐infected cell lines with quantitative real‐time PCR
Authors: Chey S. , Claus C. , Liebert U.G. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractReference genes are generally employed in real‐time quantitative PCR (RT‐qPCR) experiments to normalize variability between different samples. The aim of this study was to identify and validate appropriate reference genes as internal controls for RT‐qPCR experiments in rubella virus (RV)‐infected Vero and MCF‐7 cell lines using SYBR green fluorescence. The software programs geNorm and NormFinder and the ΔΔCt calculation were used to determine the expression stability and thus reliability of nine suitable reference genes. HPRT1 and HUEL, and HUEL and TBP were identified to be most suitable for RT‐qPCR analysis of RV‐infected Vero and MCF‐7 cells, respectively. These genes were used as normalizers for transcriptional activity of selected cellular genes. The results confirm previously published microarray and Northern blot data, particularly on the transcriptional activity of the cyclin‐dependent kinase inhibitor p21 and the nuclear body protein SP100. Furthermore, the mRNA level of the mitochondrial protein p32 is increased in RV‐infected cells. The effect on cellular gene transcription by RV‐infection seems to be cell line‐specific, but genes of central importance for viral life cycle appear to be altered to a similar degree. This study does not only provide an accurate and flexible tool for the quantitative analysis of gene expression patterns in RV‐infected cell lines. It also indicates, that the suitability of a reference gene as normalizer of RT‐qPCR data and the host‐cell response to RV‐infection are strictly cell‐line specific. J. Cell. Biochem. 110: 118–128, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Ganoderma atrum polysaccharide protects cardiomyocytes against anoxia/reoxygenation‐induced oxidative stress by mitochondrial pathway
Authors: Li Wen‐Juan , Nie Shao‐Ping , Chen Yi , Xie Ming‐Yong , He Ming , Yu Qiang , Yan Yan 
Published: March 2010

AbstractIt is now well established that oxidative stress plays a causative role in the pathogenesis of anoxia/reoxygenation (A/R) injury. Ganoderma atrum polysaccharide (PSG‐1), the most abundant component isolated from G. atrum, has been shown to possess potent antioxidant activity. The goals of this study were to investigate the effect of PSG‐1 against oxidative stress induced by A/R injury and the possible mechanisms in cardiomyocytes. In this work, primary cultures of neonatal rat cardiomyocytes pretreated with PSG‐1 were subjected to A/R and subsequently monitored for cell viability by the 3‐(4,5‐dimethyl‐2‐thiazolyl)‐2,5‐diphenyl‐2H‐tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. The levels of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), apoptosis, and mitochondrial membrane potential (Δψm) were determined by flow cytometry. Western blot analysis was used to measure the expression of cytochrome c, Bcl‐2 family, and manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) proteins, and the activities of caspase‐3 and caspase‐9 were determined by a colorimetric method. The results showed that PSG‐1 protected against cell death caused by A/R injury in cardiomyocytes. PSG‐1 reduced the A/R‐induced ROS generation, the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential (Δψm), and the release of cytochrome c from the mitochondria into cytosol. PSG‐1 inhibited the A/R‐stimulated activation of caspase‐9 and caspase‐3 and alteration of Bcl‐2 family proteins. Moreover, PSG‐1 significantly increased the protein expression of MnSOD in cardiomyocytes. These findings suggest that PSG‐1 significantly attenuates A/R‐induced oxidative stress and improves cell survival in cardiomyocytes through mitochondrial pathway. J. Cell. Biochem. 110: 191–200, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
RpS3 translation is repressed by interaction with its own mRNA
Authors: Kim Hag Dong , Kim Tae‐Sung , Joo Yoo Jin , Shin Hyun‐Seock , Kim Sang‐Hwa , Jang Chang‐Young , Lee Cheol Eui , Kim Joon 
Published: March 2010

AbstractRibosomal protein S3 (RpS3) is a well‐known multi‐functional protein mainly involved in protein biosynthesis as a member of the small ribosomal subunit. It also plays a role in repairing various DNA damage acting as a repair UV endonuclease. Most of the rpS3 pool is located in the ribosome while the minority exists in free form in the cytoplasm. We here report an additional function of rpS3 in which it represses its own translation by binding to its cognate mRNA. Through RT‐PCR of the RNAs co‐immunoprecipitated with ectopically expressed rpS3, rpS3 protein was found to interact with various RNAs—endogenous rpS3, 18S rRNA. The S3‐C terminal domain was shown to be the major mRNA binding domain of rpS3, independent of the KH domain. This interaction was shown to occur in cytoplasmic fractions rather than ribosomal fractions, and then is involved in its own mRNA translational inhibition by in vitro translation. Furthermore, when Flag‐tagged rpS3 was transiently transfected into 293T cells, the level of endogenous rpS3 gradually decreased regardless of transcription. These results suggest that free rpS3 regulates its own translation via a feedback mechanism. J. Cell. Biochem. 110: 294–303, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The road much less travelled: treating rural and isolated clients
Authors: Rainer Jackson P. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractThis article serves as the introduction to an issue of the Journal of Clinical Psychology: In Session on the topic of treating rural and isolated clients. This preface frames the issue's topic and addresses the question, “What are the best practices for rural and isolated clients?” Themes of rural mental health are outlined, and the subsequent articles are introduced. Readers of this issue are given case examples, clinical recommendations, and seminal research findings in the hope of integrating and adopting effective methods for underserved rural clients. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Psychol: In Session 66:1–4, 2010.
Rural mental health and psychological treatment: a review for practitioners
Authors: Smalley K. Bryant , Yancey C. Thresa , Warren Jacob C. , Naufel Karen , Ryan Rebecca , Pugh James L. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractPractitioners in rural areas face particular challenges in providing psychological services, ranging from disparate rates of mental disorders to unique circumstances in treating special populations. In this article, we discuss the burden of mental disorders in rural areas, current trends in integration of mental health care and primary care, and unique concerns practitioners face in treating two special populations in rural areas (children and families, and older adults and their caregivers). Implications for practice are also discussed. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Psychol: In Session 66:1–11, 2010.
Oxidative processes of desulfurization of liquid fuels
Authors: Campos‐Martin J.M. , Capel‐Sanchez M.C. , Perez‐Presas P. , Fierro J.L.G. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractEnvironmental concerns have introduced a need to remove sulfur‐containing compounds from light oil. As oxidative desulfurization is conducted under very mild reaction conditions, much attention has recently been devoted to this process. In this contribution, the developments in selective removal of organosulfur compounds present in liquid fuels via oxidative desulfurization, including both chemical oxidation and biodesulfurization, are reviewed. At the end of each section, a brief account of the research directions needed in this field is also included. Copyright © 2010 Society of Chemical Industry
An ultrastructural study of polyembryonic parasitoid embryo and host embryo cell interactions
Authors: Takahashi‐Nakaguchi Azusa , Hiraoka Tsuyoshi , Iwabuchi Kikuo 
Published: March 2010

AbstractThe morula‐stage embryo of the polyembryonic egg‐larval parasitoid Copidosoma floridanum forms outside the host embryo and secondarily invades the host body. Electron microscopic analyses of cellular interactions between the extraembryonic syncytium of the parasitic morula and the host embryonic epithelial cells showed that morula penetration into the host embryo did not cause obvious damage to the host cells, except for the abrasion of the embryonic cuticle. Epithelial cells of the host embryo extended microvilli toward the invading C. floridanum morula and also adjacent host cells in the same way. Shortly after settlement of the morula within the host body cavity, gap junctions and adherens junctions with host cells were formed. The morula was then surrounded by a cyst comprised of host cells into which host tracheoles were invaginated. J. Morphol., 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Adsorption interaction parameter of polyethers in ternary mobile phases: The critical adsorption line
Authors: Cuong Nguyen V. , Trathnigg Bernd 
Published: March 2010

AbstractIt is shown that in LC of polymers, the interaction parameter in ternary mobile phases can be described by a plane, which is determined by the dependencies in binary mobile phases. Instead of a critical adsorption point, critical conditions are observed along a straight line of composition between the two critical points in binary mobile phases. Consequently, a separation of block copolymers under critical conditions for one block by an adsorption mechanism for the other block can be achieved in ternary mobile phases of different compositions, which allows an adjustment of the retention of the adsorbing block.