bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
La bataille du Grand Paris
Authors: Desjardins Xavier 
Published: February 2011

Résumé La question du Grand Paris est de nouveau sur le devant de la scène depuis les années 2000. Trois manières différentes d’organiser l’action collective à l’échelle métropolitaine s’affrontent. La première vise la création d’une nouvelle institution qui se chargerait d’exercer certaines compétences dévolues aux communes. Le but est de réduire la fragmentation politique de la métropole. La seconde postule sur l’effet mobilisateur d’un grand projet. Par la création d’un vaste métro de rocade, il s’agit de fédérer acteurs publics et privés pour relancer l’aménagement et le développement de la métropole. La troisième méthode consiste en la mise en place d’une simple « scène », d’une instance de dialogue. Celle-ci, volontairement peu formalisée, doit permettre de renforcer la confiance entre acteurs publics et donc favoriser des coopérations à géométrie variable selon les enjeux et les problèmes rencontrés. L’affrontement entre ces trois méthodes révèle trois façons différentes d’envisager la légitimité et l’articulation entre différentes échelles, micro-locales, locales, régionales ou encore nationales dans l’aménagement régional. Hiérarchie, intérêt partagé ou confiance, chacune de ces méthodes joue sur un ressort particulier de la coopération entre acteurs. La réponse aux enjeux de l’Île-de-France repose certainement moins sur leur confrontation que sur leur judicieux agencement.
La question métropolitaine : éclairages italiens
Authors: Rivière Dominique 
Published: February 2011

Résumé L’hypothèse de la création de départements métropolitains, envisagée dans le cadre de la « réforme territoriale » en France, rejoint un projet similaire, celui des « aires métropolitaines », en chantier en Italie depuis le début des années 1990. L’article interroge les motivations et les difficultés de ce projet de remaniement des mailles provinciales italiennes. D’une part, il est pris entre reconnaissance de la métropolisation et celle de l’espace vécu urbain et péri-urbain. D’autre part, les recompositions de la gouvernance territoriale, dans un contexte marqué par la régionalisation et le localisme, gênent sa mise en œuvre. L’article s’appuie en particulier sur les cas de Rome et de Naples.
La Belgique existe-t-elle ?
Authors: Delpérée Francis 
Published: February 2011

Résumé La Belgique voit le jour en 1830. Elle se construit progressivement comme un État-nation. Cette situation aurait pu perdurer n’eût été la poussée du mouvement flamand – contenue un temps, puis consacrée dans l’aménagement des institutions. L’organisation d’un État fédéral, à partir de 1970, prolonge cette évolution. Eu égard à l’apparition d’une nation flamande, la préservation de l’État belge réclame de ses dirigeants politiques qu’ils parviennent à élaborer un nouveau « pacte des Belges ».
Extension of Cox Proportional Hazard Model for Estimation of Interrelated Age-period-Cohort Effects on Cancer Survival
Authors: Mdzinarishvili Tengiz , Gleason Michael X. , Kinarsky Leo , Sherman Simon 
Published: February 2011

In the frame of the Cox proportional hazard (PH) model, a novel two-step procedure for estimating age-period-cohort (APC) effects on the hazard function of death from cancer was developed. In the first step, the procedure estimates the influence of joint APC effects on the hazard function, using Cox PH regression procedures from a standard software package. In the second step, the coefficients for age at diagnosis, time period and birth cohort effects are estimated. To solve the identifiability problem that arises in estimating these coefficients, an assumption that neighboring birth cohorts almost equally affect the hazard function was utilized. Using an anchoring technique, simple procedures for obtaining estimates of interrelated age at diagnosis, time period and birth cohort effect coefficients were developed. As a proof-of-concept these procedures were used to analyze survival data, collected in the SEER database, on white men and women diagnosed with LC in 1975–1999 and the age at diagnosis, time period and birth cohort effect coefficients were estimated. The PH assumption was evaluated by a graphical approach using log-log plots. Analysis of trends of these coefficients suggests that the hazard of death from LC for a given time from cancer diagnosis: (i) decreases between 1975 and 1999; (ii) increases with increasing the age at diagnosis; and (iii) depends upon birth cohort effects. The proposed computing procedure can be used for estimating joint APC effects, as well as interrelated age at diagnosis, time period and birth cohort effects in survival analysis of different types of cancer.
Development of a Fidelity Measure for Research on the Effectiveness of the Ayres Sensory Integration® Intervention
Authors: Parham L. Diane , Roley Susanne Smith , May-Benson Teresa A. , Koomar Jane , Brett-Green Barbara , Burke Janice P. , Cohn Ellen S. , Mailloux Zoe , Miller Lucy J. , Schaaf Roseann C. 
Published: February 2011

Abstract
OBJECTIVE. We developed a reliable and valid fidelity measure for use in research on Ayres Sensory Integration (ASI) intervention.
METHOD. We designed a fidelity instrument to measure structural and process aspects of ASI intervention. Because scoring of process involves subjectivity, we conducted a series of reliability and validity studies on the process section. Raters were trained to score therapist strategies observed in video recordings of adult–child dyads. We examined content validity through expert ratings.
RESULTS. Reliability of the process section was strong for total fidelity score (ICC = .99, Cronbach’s α = .99) and acceptable for most items. Total score significantly differentiated ASI from four alternative interventions. Expert ratings indicated strong agreement that items in the structural and process sections represent ASI intervention.
CONCLUSION. The Ayres Sensory Integration Fidelity Measure has strong content validity. The process section is reliable and valid when scored by trained raters with expertise in ASI.
Research Pyramid: A New Evidence-Based Practice Model for Occupational Therapy
Authors: Tomlin George , Borgetto Bernhard 
Published: February 2011

Abstract
In the campaign to implement evidence-based practice, the current single-hierarchy model of levels of evidence fails to incorporate at parity all types of research evidence that are valuable in the practice of occupational therapy. A new model, originally developed by Borgetto et al. (2007) and modified and expanded, is presented. By separating the evidence-level criteria of internal and external validity, by incorporating explicitly the evidence provided by qualitative studies, and by retaining the critical notion of rigor, a pyramidal evidence model emerges. This model, the Research Pyramid, aligns itself with the revised model of evidence-based medicine and, more important, with the basic modes of clinical reasoning in occupational therapy. It constitutes a beginning attempt to order evidence-based practice in accordance with the epistemology of the profession. It may better guide occupational therapy research and meta-synthesis and their incorporation into practice decisions.
Remote sensing of the land surface during the African Monsoon Multidisciplinary Analysis (AMMA)
Authors: Kergoat Laurent , Grippa Manuela , Baille Alain , Eymard Laurence , Lacaze Roselyne , Mougin Eric , Ottlé Catherine , Pellarin Thierry , Polcher Jan , de Rosnay Patricia , Roujean Jean‐Louis , Sandholt Inge , Taylor Christopher M. , Zin Isabella , Zribi Mehrez 
Published: February 2011

AbstractThis article summarises the scientific results gained from the satellite observation of the land surface during African Monsoon Multidisciplinary Analysis (AMMA). Validation of existing satellite products as well as developments of new algorithms are reported, spanning surface and total soil moisture, surface energy balance and radiation fluxes, vegetation properties and land cover (LC). The use of remote sensing data for investigating land–atmosphere interactions, for retrieving the components of continental water cycle and for evaluating Land Surface Models (LSM) is illustrated. The contribution of satellite data to the detection of decadal trends is also highlighted, revealing intriguing results and open questions. Copyright © 2011 Royal Meteorological Society
Education in meteorology and climate sciences in West Africa
Authors: Danuor Sylvester , Gaye Amadou , Yacouba Hamma , Mariko Adama , Bouzou Moussa Ibrahim , Maiga Mohammed , Da Dapola , Ginoux Karine , Parker Douglas J. , Polcher Jan , Laval Katia , Diallo Drissa , Bourles Bernard 
Published: February 2011

AbstractCountries in Africa are the most vulnerable to the impacts of climate change but lack the capacity to manage effectively climate‐related environmental problems. Meteorology and climate education programmes are offered at West African universities, but the poor job market and insufficient funds from governments are impacting negatively on the running and sustainability of master's and PhD programmes. This situation compels students to pursue further studies and seek their fortune abroad, a practice which leads to brain drain. One of the AMMA initiatives is to develop international postgraduate programmes and to seek funding to provide students and lecturers with grants and fellowships. Copyright © 2011 Royal Meteorological Society
Reconstruction of chromatographic peaks using the exponentially modified Gaussian function
Authors: Kalambet Yuri , Kozmin Yuri , Mikhailova Ksenia , Nagaev Igor , Tikhonov Pavel 
Published: February 2011

AbstractThe exponentially modified Gaussian (EMG) peak shape is widely used for peak approximation in chromatography. We constructed the EMG peak deconvolution routine for chromatography using a combination of two EMG formulas and linear optimization methods. A convenient way to determine the position of the EMG peak top was found. The routine accounts for the maximum linear range of the detector and can work with out‐of‐range peaks, where the detector saturation cuts off the top of the peak.The optimization routine is applied to the reconstruction of out‐of‐range peaks using correctly measured points, so that an analyst can get an idea of the height, area and concentration of such peaks as well as the prediction error in similar cases. Peak reconstruction helps in reducing the number of chromatographic runs during method development and routine work. The possibility of reconstructing out‐of‐range peaks using the pre‐defined peak shape obtained while calibrating is also discussed. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Optical and Vibrational Properties of Toroidal Carbon Nanotubes
Authors: Beuerle Florian , Herrmann Carmen , Whalley Adam C. , Valente Cory , Gamburd Alexander , Ratner Mark A. , Stoddart J. Fraser 
Published: February 2011

AbstractToroidal carbon nanotubes (TCNTs), which have been evaluated for their potential applications in terahertz communication systems, provide a challenge of some magnitude from a purely scientific perspective. A design approach to TCNTs, as well as a classification scheme, is presented based on the definition of the six hollow sections that comprise the TCNT, slicing each of them to produce a (possibly creased) planar entity, and projecting that entity onto a graphene lattice. As a consequence of this folding approach, it is necessary to introduce five‐ and seven‐membered rings as defect sites to allow the fusing together of the six segments into final symmetric TCNTs. This analysis permits the definition of a number of TCNT geometry families containing from 108 carbons up to much larger entities. Based on density functional theory (DFT) calculations, the energies of these structural candidates have been investigated and compared with [60]fullerene. The structures with the larger tube diameters are computed to be more stable than C60, whereas the smaller diameter ones are less stable, but may still be within synthetic reach. Computational studies reveal that, on account of the stiffness of the structures, the vibrational frequencies of characteristic low‐frequency modes decrease more slowly with increasing ring diameter than do the lowest optical excitation energies. It was found that this particular trend is true for the “breathing mode” vibrations when the diameter of the tubes is small, but not for more flexible toroidal nanotubes with larger diameters.
New para–para Stilbenophanes: Synthesis by McMurry Coupling, Conformational Analysis and Inhibition of Tubulin Polymerisation
Authors: Álvarez Raquel , López Vilmarí , Mateo Carmen , Medarde Manuel , Peláez Rafael 
Published: February 2011

AbstractThe synthesis of a new family of methoxy‐substituted [2.7]‐ and [2.8]paracyclophanes linked by 3‐oxapentamethylene‐1,5‐dioxy and hexamethylene‐1,6‐dioxy bridges has been carried out by using the McMurry methodology. Related indole compounds were also synthesised. Olefin‐to‐diol ratios depended on the bridge length, the structure of the aromatic ring and the reaction conditions. Macrocyclisation, the methoxy substituents and the presence of a rigid indole moiety restricted the conformational equilibria, as observed by NMR spectroscopy and according to theoretical calculations. The synthesised compounds display micromolar tubulin polymerisation inhibitory activity. The conformational implications on the tubulin polymerisation inhibitory activity derived from the macrocyclisation when compared with combretastatins, closely related stilbenes, are also discussed.
Temperature‐concentration oscillations of crystal‐solution phase equilibria in the presence of trace impurities of surface‐active agents
Authors: Kiryanova E. V. 
Published: February 2011

AbstractUsing the examples of aqueous salt solutions NaNO3, KNO3, RbNO3, K2SO4, NaBr·2H2O, KBr, and NH4NO3, it was experimentally proven that the new phenomena, i.e. temperature‐concentration oscillations of crystal‐solution phase equilibria detected previously in the range of 15–45 °C remain in the presence of trace impurities (10‐4–10‐3 wt. %) of ion‐active organic matters. The signs of breaks transformation into pair oscillations of “maximum‐minimum” type are established for the K2SO4, NaBr, KBr solutions. The efficiency of influence of trace impurities on phase equilibria sharply rises in the areas of the temperature‐concentration oscillations (the saturation temperature ranges up to 10 K). The impurity efficiency is promoted by the presence of the amides in its content (as compared with the sulphates) and an increase in length of the hydrocarbon radical. The phenomenon is absent in case of an addition of ion‐inactive compounds. (© 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Growth of GaSe and GaS single crystals
Authors: Kokh K. A. , Andreev Yu. M. , Svetlichnyi V. A. , Lanskii G. V. , Kokh A. E. 
Published: February 2011

AbstractThe paper describes principal manipulations to prepare single crystals of GaSe and GaS. A new simple method of synthesis with single‐zone heating furnace is proposed. Growth of crystals was performed by modified Bridgman method with the use of rotating heat field. Raman and optical depth spectra show high structural and optical quality of obtained crystals. (© 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Generation of Osr1 conditional mutant mice
Authors: Lan Yu , Liu Han , Ovitt Catherine E. , Jiang Rulang 
Published: February 2011

AbstractThe Odd‐skipped related 1 (Osr1) gene encodes a zinc finger protein homologous to the Drosophila Odd‐skipped transcription factor. During mouse embryogenesis, Osr1 is expressed in multiple tissues, including the developing heart, kidney, limb, lung, and craniofacial structures. Although characterization of targeted mutant mice has revealed essential roles for Osr1 in heart and kidney development, the embryonic lethality of the Osr1 null mice has hindered investigation of its role in many other developmental processes. We report here the generation of conditional mutant mice containing two loxP sites flanking exon 2 of the Osr1 gene. Mice homozygous for this targeted Osr1
fneo allele are normal and fertile. Crossing the Osr1fneo/fneo mice with the EIIa‐Cre transgenic mice resulted in Cre‐mediated deletion of the loxP‐flanked Exon2 in the germ line and mice homozygous for this deletion recapitulated the Osr1 null mutant phenotypes. The Osr1
fneo conditional mice will be valuable for tissue‐specific analysis of the roles of Osr1 in embryonic and postnatal developmental processes. genesis 49:419–422, 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A single frame: Imaging live cells twenty‐five years ago
Authors: Fink Rachel 
Published: February 2011

AbstractIn the mid‐1980s live‐cell imaging was changed by the introduction of video techniques, allowing new ways to collect and store data. The increased resolution obtained by manipulating video signals, the ability to use time‐lapse videocassette recorders to study events that happen over long time intervals, and the introduction of fluorescent probes and sensitive video cameras opened research avenues previously unavailable. The author gives a personal account of this evolution, focusing on cell migration studies at the Marine Biological Laboratory 25 years ago. genesis 49:484–487, 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Generation of transgenic dogs that conditionally express green fluorescent protein
Authors: Kim Min Jung , Oh Hyun Ju , Park Jung Eun , Kim Geon A. , Hong So Gun , Jang Goo , Kwon Mo Sun , Koo Bon Chul , Kim Teoan , Kang Sung Keun , Ra Jeong Chan , Ko CheMyong , Lee Byeong Chun 
Published: February 2011

AbstractWe report the creation of a transgenic dog that conditionally expresses eGFP (enhanced green fluorescent protein) under the regulation of doxycycline. Briefly, fetal fibroblasts infected with a Tet‐on eGFP vector were used for somatic cell nuclear transfer. Subsequently reconstructed oocytes were transferred to recipients. Three clones having transgenes were born and one dog was alive. The dog showed all features of inducible expression of eGFP upon doxycycline administration, and successful breeding resulted in eGFP‐positive puppies, confirming stable insertion of the transgene into the genome. This inducible dog model will be useful for a variety of medical research studies. genesis 49:472–478, 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Inducible Cx40‐Cre expression in the cardiac conduction system and arterial endothelial cells
Authors: Beyer Sabrina , Kelly Robert G. , Miquerol Lucile 
Published: February 2011

AbstractConfocal images of immunofluorescence showing the specific expression of Cx40‐Cre allele through the expression of RFP (Red) colocalizing with alpha‐actinin in green in Purkinje fibers of the ventricular conduction system and with PECAM (blue) in endothelial cells of coronary vessels. See the article by Beyer at al. in this issue.
Immunogenicity and safety of H1N1 vaccination in anorexia nervosa—Results from a pilot study
Authors: Zastrow Arne , Schnitzler Paul , Eckerle Isabella , Herzog Wolfgang , Friederich Hans‐Christoph 
Published: February 2011

AbstractObjective:In anorexia nervosa (AN) patients immunologic alterations are known, although their clinical significance remains a matter of debate. Currently, no recommendation can be given on the safety and immunogenicity of indicated vaccinations in this malnourished population.Method:In this exploratory study, 10 AN patients' (eight female, two male, mean age 31.1 years, SD 16.3 years; mean BMI 14.8 kg/m2, SD 1.6 kg/m2) antibody levels against H1N1 influenza were measured before vaccination, and were followed‐up for two and three weeks after vaccination. They were compared with the immunological response in normal weight population, as reported in the literature. Clinical and socio‐demographical data were collected.Results:In the AN group, H1N1 vaccination showed to be sufficiently immunogenic and safe, comparable to published data of normal weight population.Discussion:The findings provide preliminary evidence that vaccination seems recommendable even in extremely underweight AN patients. Further studies are needed to corroborate the present findings. © 2011 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (Int J Eat Disord 2012)
Reflections on involuntary treatment in the prevention of fatal anorexia nervosa: A review of five cases
Authors: Holm Janni Schmidt , Brixen Kim , Andries Alin , Hørder Kirsten , Støving Rene Klinkby 
Published: February 2011

AbstractObjective:Involuntary treatment in the prevention of fatal anorexia nervosa (AN) is still controversial.Method:Five fatal cases of AN were identified out of 1,160 patients who attended a specialized eating disorder unit between 1994 and 2006. Information on inpatient, ambulatory, and emergency room treatment was extracted from a population‐based registration system.Results:Personality disorders were diagnosed in all five patients and substance abuse in three patients. In all cases, illness duration was more than 10 years and late onset was seen in two cases. None of the deaths were due to suicide. Involuntary hospital admission was instituted for three patients, but only one patient was compulsory detained more than once. Four patients died after having discontinued treatment.Discussion:Compulsory treatment may be of crucial importance in the prevention of fatalities in patients with long‐standing AN and psychiatric comorbidity who discontinue treatment. © 2011 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (Int J Eat Disord 2012)
Cover Picture: Eur. J. Immunol. 3/11
Authors: Satoh‐Takayama Naoko , Lesjean‐Pottier Sarah , Sawa Shinichiro , Vosshenrich Christian A. J. , Eberl Gérard , Di Santo James P. 
Published: February 2011

AbstractThe cover image of this issue consists of sections from the small intestine (proximal ileum) of Ncr1GFP/+ mice stained with anti‐GFP (green) and anti‐RORγt (red) antibodies, and is taken from Satoh‐Takayama et al. (pp 780–786). In this article, the authors use lymphotoxin‐β receptor (LTβR)‐deficient Ncr1GFP/+ mice, which lack organized secondary lymphoid tissues, to analyze the role of organized lymphoid tissue structures in promoting NCR22‐cell development and function. The authors show that NCR22 cells develop in the absence of LTβR, become functionally competent and localize to the lamina propria under steady‐state conditions. Furthermore, LTβR is dispensable for IL‐22 production by NCR22 cells. Thus, organized lymphoid tissue structures are not critical for the generation of an intact and fully functional intestinal NCR22‐cell compartment.