bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: Efficient Chemoselective Alkylation of Quinoline 2,4‐Diol Derivatives in Water.
Authors: Ahmed Nafees , Brahmbhatt Keyur G. , Singh Inder P. , Bhutani Kamlesh K. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractWith a view to developing good anti‐HIV agents the simple and environmentally friendly synthesis of the compounds (III) including an easy work‐up is presented.
ChemInform Abstract: Evaluation of 1‐Arylpiperazine Derivative of Hydroxybenzamides as 5‐HT1A and 5‐HT7 Serotonin Receptor Ligands: An Experimental and Molecular Modeling Approach.
Authors: Kowalski Piotr , Jaskowska Jolanta , Bojarski Andrzej J. , Duszynska Beata , Bucki Adam , Kolaczkowski Marcin 
Published: June 2011

AbstractThe compounds (Ia), (IIb), and (IIc) are 5‐HT1A receptor ligands with nanomolar affinity (Ki = 7, 4 and 3 nM, respectively) and reasonable selectivity for 5‐HT1A receptors.
ChemInform Abstract: Structure and Thermodynamic Properties of the NaMgH3 Perovskite: A Comprehensive Study.
Authors: Baricco Marcello , et al. et al. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractStructural and thermodynamic properties of NaMgH3 are characterized by synchrotron XRD, high pressure DSC, pressure‐composition isotherms, IR spectroscopy, and DFT calculations.
ChemInform Abstract: Aryne Click Chemistry: Synthesis of Oxadisilole Fused Benzotriazoles or Naphthotriazoles from Arynes and Azides.
Authors: Lin Yibei , Chen Yali , Ma Xuyan , Xu Di , Cao Weiguo , Chen Jie 
Published: June 2011

AbstractArynes generated in situ from oxadisiloles (I) or (IV) undergo a 1,3‐dipolar cycloaddition reaction with benzyl or aryl azides to give the title fused triazoles under very mild conditions.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐Catalyzed Reaction of Olefins with PhI(OAc)2—TBAB System: An Efficient and Highly Selective Bisfunctionalization Strategy.
Authors: Yu Lei , Ren Lingfeng , Yi Rong , Wu Yulan , Chen Tian , Guo Rong 
Published: June 2011

AbstractThe reaction allows the concurrent and regioselective introduction of oxygen and bromide substituents.
ChemInform Abstract: Gold‐Nanoparticle‐Catalyzed Synthesis of Propargylamines: The Traditional A3‐Multicomponent Reaction Performed as a Two‐Step Flow Process.
Authors: Abahmane Lahbib , Koehler J. Michael , Gross G. Alexander 
Published: June 2011

AbstractThe reaction of aldehydes, amines and phenylacetylene is performed under flow chemistry conditions using two heterogeneous catalyst systems to afford propargylamines mostly in high yields.
ChemInform Abstract: Microwave‐Assisted Rapid and Efficient Reduction of Aromatic Nitro Compounds to Amines with Propan‐2‐ol over Nanosized Perovskite‐Type SmFeO3 Powder as a New Recyclable Heterogeneous Catalyst.
Authors: Farhadi Saeid , Siadatnasab Firouzeh , Kazem Maryam 
Published: June 2011

AbstractThe reaction can also be conducted under conventional heating conditions resulting in similar yields but with prolonged reaction times.
ChemInform Abstract: Helical Chiral 2,2′‐Bipyridine N‐Monoxides as Catalysts in the Enantioselective Propargylation of Aldehydes with Allenyltrichlorosilane.
Authors: Chen Jinshui , Captain Burjor , Takenaka Norito 
Published: June 2011

AbstractA wide range of aromatic aldehydes and an aliphatic one react with allenyltrichlorosilane to afford propargylic alcohols with high yields and enantioselectivities.
ChemInform Abstract: Enhanced anti‐Diastereo‐ and Enantioselectivity in Alcohol‐Mediated Carbonyl Crotylation Using an Isolable Single Component Iridium Catalyst.
Authors: Gao Xin , Townsend Ian A. , Krische Michael J. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractIn the presence of the preformed catalyst, aldehydes and alcohols undergo crotylation with enhanced levels of diastereo‐ and enantioselectivity.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantio‐ and Diastereoselective Synthesis of (E)‐1,5‐syn‐Diols: Application to the Synthesis of the C(23)—C(40) Fragment of Tetrafibricin.
Authors: Kister Jeremy , Nuhant Philippe , Lira Ricardo , Sorg Achim , Roush William R. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractChiral Soderquist borane is used to prepare various chiral diols in a one‐pot three‐step reaction of allenyl trifluoroborate (I) with two different aldehydes.
ChemInform Abstract: A Facile Process for the Asymmetric Synthesis of β‐Trifluoromethylated β‐Amino Ketones via Addition of Ketone Enolates to Sulfinylimine.
Authors: Mei Haibo , Xiong Yiwen , Han Jianlin , Pan Yi 
Published: June 2011

AbstractTitle addition reaction proceeds with good yields and moderate to excellent diastereoselectivities, even on large scale preparation.
ChemInform Abstract: An Efficient and Recyclable Heterogeneous Palladium Catalyst Utilizing Naturally Abundant Pearl Shell Waste.
Authors: Zeng Minfeng , Du Yijun , Qi Chenze , Zuo Shufeng , Li Xiudong , Shao Linjun , Zhang Xian‐Man 
Published: June 2011

AbstractPd on pearl shell powder is an efficient and recyclable heterogeneous catalyst, which is applied to the reductive coupling of aromatic halides.
ChemInform Abstract: Efficient Copper‐Catalyzed Sonogashira Couplings of Aryl Halides with Terminal Alkynes in Water.
Authors: Yang Daoshan , Li Bing , Yang Haijun , Fu Hua , Hu Liming 
Published: June 2011

AbstractGenerally, good yields are obtained with aryl iodides under conditions A) and various functionalities are tolerated.
ChemInform Abstract: Copper‐Mediated Intermolecular Direct Biaryl Coupling.
Authors: Kitahara Masanori , Umeda Nobuyoshi , Hirano Koji , Satoh Tetsuya , Miura Masahiro 
Published: June 2011

AbstractThe reaction proceeds best in the presence of Cu(OAc)2 and PivOH and affords mixtures of mono‐ and bis‐coupling products in the case of para‐substituted 2‐phenylpyridines (I).
ChemInform Abstract: Direct Alkylation of Heteroaryls Using Potassium Alkyl‐ and Alkoxymethyltrifluoroborates.
Authors: Molander Gary A. , Colombel Virginie , Braz Valerie A. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractGenerally, the process provides the alkylated products with good yields and high functional group tolerance in both partners is observed.
ChemInform Abstract: Access to Enantiomerically Enriched cis‐2,3‐Disubstituted Azetidines via Diastereoselective Hydrozirconation.
Authors: Pradhan Tarun K. , Krishnan K. Syam , Vasse Jean‐Luc , Szymoniak Jan 
Published: June 2011

AbstractThe reaction proceeds in three steps including hydrozirconation/iodination/cyclization and affords the target azetidines mostly with excellent diastereoselectivity.
ChemInform Abstract: Pd/Cu‐Catalyzed Cascade Sonogashira Coupling/Cyclization Reactions to Highly Substituted 3‐Formyl Furans.
Authors: Yang Jingyu , Wang Chengyu , Xie Xin , Li Hongfeng , Li Ende , Li Yanzhong 
Published: June 2011

AbstractA diversity of α‐bromoenaminones (I) and (IV) smoothly undergoes Pd/Cu‐catalyzed cascade Sonogashira cross coupling—cyclization reaction with aromatic and aliphatic terminal alkynes (II) to give polysubstituted 3‐formylfuran derivatives (III) and (V), resp., in good yields.
ChemInform Abstract: Base‐Mediated Regio‐ and Stereoselective Intermolecular Addition of Alkynes to N‐Heterocycles.
Authors: Verma Akhilesh Kumar , Joshi Megha , Singh Ved Prakash 
Published: June 2011

AbstractThe reaction of indole, pyrrole and imidazole derivatives with symmetrical internal or terminal alkynes proceeds with complete (Z)‐selectivity.
ChemInform Abstract: A New Synthesis of Pyrazoles Through a Lewis Acid Catalyzed Union of 3‐Ethoxycyclobutanones with Monosubstituted Hydrazines.
Authors: Shan Gang , Liu Pengfei , Rao Yu 
Published: June 2011

AbstractThe reaction is catalyzed by SnCl4 for tosyl hydrazine and by BF3·Et2O for all other monosubstituted hydrazine derivatives.
ChemInform Abstract: Environmental‐Benign Oxidation of 2‐Oxazolines to Oxazoles by Dioxygen as the Sole Oxidant.
Authors: Huang Yue , Ni Lijun , Gan Haifeng , He Yu , Xu Jinyi , Wu Xiaoming , Yao Hequan 
Published: June 2011

AbstractA variety of 2‐arylsubstituted substrates is converted to oxazole derivatives using oxygen or air as a sole oxidant with comparable results.
ChemInform Abstract: One‐Pot Synthesis of 2‐Trifluoromethylchromones.
Authors: Henao Castaneda Isabel C. , Ulic Sonia E. , Della Vedova Carlos O. , Metzler‐Nolte Nils , Jios Jorge L. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractA simple procedure is presented for the reaction of 2‐hydroxyacetophenones (I) with trifluoroacetic anhydride.
ChemInform Abstract: Organocatalytic Approach to Polysubstituted Piperidines and Tetrahydropyrans.
Authors: Wang You , Zhu Shaolin , Ma Dawei 
Published: June 2011

AbstractA variety of polysubstituted piperidines and tetrahydropyrans is prepared generating up to 4 contiguous stereocenters in one step with excellent enantioselectivity.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐Catalyzed Oxidative sp2 C—H Bond Acylation with Alcohols.
Authors: Xiao Fuhong , Shuai Qi , Zhao Feng , Basle Olivier , Deng Guojun , Li Chao‐Jun 
Published: June 2011

AbstractThe reaction proceeds under aerobic conditions and requires 3 equiv.
ChemInform Abstract: Suzuki—Miyaura Cross‐Coupling and Ring‐Closing Metathesis: A Strategic Combination to the Synthesis of Indeno[1,2‐c]isoquinolin‐5,11‐diones
Authors: Lebrun Stephane , Couture Axel , Deniau Eric , Grandclaudon Pierre 
Published: June 2011

Abstractas biologically interesting substances
ChemInform Abstract: A Fungal Nonribosomal Peptide Synthetase Module that Can Synthesize Thiopyrazines.
Authors: Qiao Kangjian , Zhou Hui , Xu Wei , Zhang Wenjun , Garg Neil , Tang Yi 
Published: June 2011

AbstractA library of more than 60 different thiopyrazine compounds is prepared from amino acids and mercaptans.
ChemInform Abstract: Mesoporous Aluminosilicate‐Catalyzed Allylation of Carbonyl Compounds and Acetals.
Authors: Ito Suguru , Hayashi Akira , Komai Hirotomo , Yamaguchi Hitoshi , Kubota Yoshihiro , Asami Masatoshi 
Published: June 2011

AbstractThe reaction is applied to a wide range of aldehydes, acetals, ketones and ketals and allylsilanes.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐Catalyzed Oxidative Allylic C—H Silylation.
Authors: Larsson Johanna M. , Zhao Tony S. N. , Szabo Kalman J. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractThe reaction applies hypervalent iodine reagents as oxidants, proceeds with complete or high (E)‐selectivity and tolerates a range of functional groups.
ChemInform Abstract: A Blue Digermene (t‐Bu2MeSi)2Ge=Ge(SiMet‐Bu2)2.
Authors: Lee Vladimir Ya. , McNeice Kiera , Ito Yuki , Sekiguchi Akira 
Published: June 2011

AbstractThe synthesis of the novel silylated digermene (II) is achieved via reduction of the dichlorine precursor (I) with potassium graphite.
ChemInform Abstract: Linear and Cyclic C‐Glycosides as Surfactants.
Authors: Foley Patrick M. , Phimphachanh Anthony , Beach Evan S. , Zimmerman Julie B. , Anastas Paul T. 
Published: June 2011

Abstract7 Linear or cyclic C‐glycosides of type (III), (V), or (VI) are prepared from readily available nonulose (I) and aliphatic aldehydes.
ChemInform Abstract: Rapid Sonochemical Synthesis of Highly Luminescent Non‐Toxic AuNCs and Au@AgNCs and Cu(II) Sensing.
Authors: Liu Hongying , Zhang Xiang , Wu Ximei , Jiang Liping , Burda Clemens , Zhu Jun‐Jie 
Published: June 2011

AbstractHighly fluorescent and water‐soluble gold nanoclusters with near‐IR emission (8% quantum yield) are prepared by sonication of an aqueous solution of HAuCl4 and bovine serum albumin at pH 12.
Synthesis and Characterization of Polyureas from Aniline Trimer with TDI, MDI and HDI as pH Sensitive Materials
Authors: Liu Siwei , Zhang Yi , Xu Jiarui 
Published: June 2011

AbstractA series of polyureas were synthesized through the reaction of aniline trimer with toluene‐diisocyanate, diphenylmethane‐4,4′‐diisocyanate, and hexamethylene‐1,6‐diisocyanate, respectively. The chemical structure of these polyureas was characterized and verified by FT‐IR, 1H NMR, elemental analysis, UV, XRD and CV. The conductivity of these polyureas ranged from 10−7 to 10−6 S/cm measured by four‐point‐probe instrument. Compared to the standalone aniline trimer, the stability (thermal stability and electrochemical stability), response range and sensitivity of these polyureas are enhanced. The sensitivity of these polyureas DMF solution to pH value is superior to that of the standalone aniline trimer. The color of the polyureas DMF solution is greatly depended on pH value and the color change process is reversible, whenever from base to acid or from acid to base. These enhancements may give these polyureas more opportunities in order to be used as sensor materials.
Efficient Synthesis of 2‐Arylamino‐2‐imidazolines and 2‐Ami‐ nobenzimidazoles with Aminoiminomethanesulfonic Acid Derivatives
Authors: Mohanazadeh Farajollah , Nami Navabe , Hosseini Samine Sadat 
Published: June 2011

AbstractA highly efficient synthesis of 2‐arylamino‐2‐imidazolines and 2‐aminobenzimidazoles from aminoimino‐methanesulfonic acid derivatives is described. The method is simple and practical, generating imidazoline and benzimidazoline derivatives in excellent isolated yields.
Palladium‐catalyzed Coupling between Aryl Halides and Trimethylsilylacetylene Assisted by Dimethylaminotrimethyltin
Authors: Cai Liangzhen , Yang Dujuan , Sun Zhonghua , Tao Xiaochun , Cai Lisheng , Pike Victor W. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractPalladium‐catalyzed coupling between aryl halides, especially less reactive ones or N‐heteroaryls, and trimethylsilylacetylene in the presence of dimethylaminotrimethyltin generated the coupled products in high yields. The reaction does not need CuI and base as auxiliary agents.
Preparation of Helical Mesoporous Ethenylene‐silica Nanofibers with Lamellar Mesopores on Their Surface
Authors: Zhang Ming , Li Yi , Bi Lifeng , Zhuang Wei , Wang Sibing , Chen Yuanli , Li Baozong , Yang Yonggang 
Published: June 2011

AbstractThe morphologies and pore architectures of mesoporous ethenylene‐silica were controlled using cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) as template and (S)‐β‐citronellol as a co‐structure‐directing agent under basic conditions. When the (S)‐β‐citronellol/CTAB molar ratios are in the range of 0.75–2.0, helical nanofibers were obtained. With increasing the (S)‐β‐citronellol/CTAB molar ratio, the lengths of the nanofibers increases. Lamellar mesopores were identified on the surfaces of the nanofibers prepared in the (S)‐β‐citronellol/CTAB molar ratio range of 1.5–2.0. At the (S)‐β‐citronellol/CTAB molar ratio of 2.5:1, nanoparticles with nanoflakes on the surfaces were obtained. The field emission scanning electron microscopy images taken after different reaction times indicated that the helical pitches of the nanofibers decreased with increasing the reaction time. Helical 1,4‐phenylene‐silica and methylene‐silica nanofibers were also prepared. The results indicated that the morphologies and pore architectures of the obtained organic‐inorganic hybrid silicas are also sensitive to the hybrid silica precursors. Helical ethenylene‐silica nanofibers with lamellar mesopores on their surfaces can be also prepared using the mixtures of CTAB and racemic citronellol within a narrower citronellol/CTAB molar ratio range.
Silica Chloride Nano Particle Catalyzed Ring Opening of Epoxides by Aromatic Amines
Authors: Karimian Ramin , Piri Farideh , Karimi Babak , Abolghasem Moghimi 
Published: June 2011

AbstractSilica chloride nano particle (nano SiO2‐Cl), has been found to be heterogeneous catalyst for facile, simple and mild ring opening of epoxides with aromatic amines to afford β‐amino alcohols in dry CH2Cl2 at room temperature.
Synthesis of Mono‐ and Di‐fluorinated Benzimidazoles
Authors: Liang Wu , Liu Gang 
Published: June 2011

AbstractThree efficient methods to synthesize mono‐ and di‐fluorinated benzimidazoles are reported. These methods provide 5‐amino‐6‐fluoro‐benzimidazoles (5), 5,7‐difluoro‐benzimidazoles (10), and 6‐fluoro‐benzimidazoles (13) starting from commercially available 1,5‐difluoro‐2,4‐dinitrobenzene (DFDNB), 2,3,4,5‐tetrafluoro‐6‐nitrobenzoic acid (TFNBA), and 2,4‐difluoro‐1‐nitrobenzene (DFNB), respectively.
A Solution‐Phase Parallel Synthesis of 5‐Substituted 3,6‐Dihydro‐7H‐1,2,3‐triazolo[4,5‐d]pyrimidin‐7‐ones
Authors: Sun Shaofa , Chen Li , Yang Xuhong 
Published: June 2011

Abstract5‐Substituted 7H‐1,2,3‐triazolo[4,5‐d]pyrimidin‐7‐ones (4) were rapidly prepared by a solution‐phase parallel synthetic method, which includes aza‐Wittig reaction of iminophosphorane (1) with phenyl isocynate to give carbodiimide (2) and subsequent reaction of 2 with various amine and alcohols in the presence of catalytic amount of sodium alkoxide in a parallel fashion.
Appropriate Therapy But Not Inappropriate Shocks Predict Survival in Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator Patients
Authors: Dichtl Wolfgang , Wolber Thomas , Paoli Ursula , Brüllmann Simon , Stühlinger Markus , Berger Thomas , Spuller Karin , Strasak Alexander , Pachinger Otmar , Haegeli Laurent M. , Duru Firat , Hintringer Florian 
Published: June 2011

AbstractBackground:Inappropriate implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) shocks have been linked to a worse clinical outcome due to direct myocardial injury.Hypothesis:The occurrence of ventricular tachyarrhythmia indicating progression of the underlying heart disease, but not the ICD shock itself, has prognostic impact in clinical routine.Methods:In a retrospective study, 1117 recipients of an ICD were analyzed with respect to appropriate and inappropriate therapies and survival.Results:During a mean follow‐up of 2.92 years, appropriate therapy occurred in 27.7% and 54.0% of patients who had received an ICD for primary and secondary prevention of sudden cardiac death (SCD), respectively (P<0.0001). Inappropriate shock therapy occurred in 15.0% and 25.4% of patients who had received an ICD for primary and secondary prevention of SCD, respectively (P = 0.122). Appropriate ICD therapy had a strong impact on overall survival (P<0.0001), and this association was found both in primary (P<0.0001) and secondary (P = 0.002) prevention of SCD. Inappropriate ICD shocks had no impact on total mortality, neither in primary nor secondary prevention of SCD.Conclusions:Inappropriate shocks do not affect survival, in strong contrast to appropriate ICD therapy. Our study does not support the hypothesis that shock therapy in itself worsens clinical outcome. However, it confirms that appropriate ICD therapy is a warning sign and should prompt physicians to consider additional treatment strategies. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.The authors have no funding, financial relationships, or conflicts of interest to disclose.
Polyphosphates and Pyrophosphates of Pentopyranoses and Pentofuranoses as Allosteric Effectors of Human Hemoglobin: Synthesis, Molecular Recognition, and Oxygen Release
Authors: Fylaktakidou Konstantina C. , Duarte Carolina D. , Jogireddy Rajamalleswaramma , Koumbis Alexandros E. , Nicolau Claude , Lehn Jean‐Marie 
Published: June 2011

AbstractPerphosphorylated pentopyranoses and pentofuranoses were synthesized from parent carbohydrates as potential allosteric effectors of hemoglobin (Hb). The construction of seven‐ and eight‐membered cyclic pyrophosphates was also carried out successfully on most of the pentoses. All final compounds were tested for their efficiency on oxygen release from human Hb. Most proved to be efficient allosteric effectors, some of them with an affinity toward Hb and an effect on oxygen release from Hb approaching that of myo‐inositol hexakisphosphate, which is one of the most active allosteric effectors of Hb. The efficacy was higher for free phosphates than for pyrophosphates.
Exuberant growth and synapse formation of olfactory sensory neuron axonal arborizations
Authors: Marcucci Florencia , Maier‐Balough Elizabeth , Zou Dong‐Jing , Firestein Stuart 
Published: June 2011

AbstractNeural connections in the adult nervous system are established with a high degree of precision. Several examples throughout the nervous system indicate that this precision is achieved by first establishing an initial exuberant immature pattern of connectivity that is then sculpted into the adult pattern via pruning. This often emerges as an activity‐dependent process. In the olfactory system, sensory axons from neurons expressing the same odorant receptor project with high precision to specific glomerular structures in the olfactory bulb. This process undergoes maturation‐dependent refinements that are not fully understood. Due to technical impediments that have made it difficult to focus on single axons, it is unknown whether olfactory sensory projections are established in an exuberant fashion. Here we developed a novel technique of electroporation that allowed us to simultaneously label single olfactory sensory neuron (OSN) axonal arbors and their presynaptic specializations. Using this method we were able to incorporate plasmids into OSNs at an immature stage, thereby allowing a time‐course study of axonal arbor development and synapse formation in single olfactory sensory axons. We observed that the number of branch points, the total branch length, and the number and density of presynaptic specializations peaked at postnatal day 8 and decreased afterwards. Our data demonstrate that olfactory sensory axons develop in an exuberant way, both in terms of branch growth and synaptic composition. We hypothesize that exuberant branches and synapses are eliminated to achieve the mature pattern in a process likely to be regulated by neural activity. J. Comp. Neurol.519:3713‐3726, 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A‐kinase anchoring protein 150 expression in a specific subset of TRPV1‐ and CaV1.2‐positive nociceptive rat dorsal root ganglion neurons
Authors: Brandao Katherine E. , Dell'Acqua Mark L. , Levinson S. Rock 
Published: June 2011

AbstractModulation of phosphorylation states of ion channels is a critical step in the development of hyperalgesia during inflammation. Modulatory enhancement of channel activity may increase neuronal excitability and affect downstream targets such as gene transcription. The specificity required for such regulation of ion channels quickly occurs via targeting of protein kinases and phosphatases by the scaffolding A‐kinase anchoring protein 79/150 (AKAP79/150). AKAP79/150 has been implicated in inflammatory pain by targeting protein kinase A (PKA) and protein kinase C (PKC) to the transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) channel in peripheral sensory neurons, thus lowering threshold for activation of the channel by multiple inflammatory reagents. However, the expression pattern of AKAP150 in peripheral sensory neurons is unknown. Here we identify the peripheral neuron subtypes that express AKAP150, the subcellular distribution of AKAP150, and the potential target ion channels in rat dorsal root ganglion (DRG) slices. We found that AKAP150 is expressed predominantly in a subset of small DRG sensory neurons, where it is localized at the plasma membrane of the soma, axon initial segment, and small fibers. Most of these neurons are peripherin positive and produce C fibers, although a small portion produce Aδ fibers. Furthermore, we demonstrate that AKAP79/150 colocalizes with TRPV1 and CaV1.2 in the soma and axon initial segment. Thus AKAP150 is expressed in small, nociceptive DRG neurons, where it is targeted to membrane regions and where it may play a role in the modulation of ion channel phosphorylation states required for hyperalgesia. J. Comp. Neurol., 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.