bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Does the Universal Health Insurance Program Affect Urban‐Rural Differences in Health Service Utilization Among the Elderly? Evidence From a Longitudinal Study in Taiwan
Authors: Liao Pei‐An , Chang Hung‐Hao , Yang Fang‐An 
Published: February 2011

AbstractPurpose: To assess the impact of the introduction of Taiwan's National Health Insurance (NHI) on urban‐rural inequality in health service utilization among the elderly.Methods: A longitudinal data set of 1,504 individuals aged 65 and older was constructed from the Survey of Health and Living Status of the Elderly. A difference‐in‐differences model was employed and estimated by the random‐effect probit method.Finding: The introduction of universal NHI in Taiwan heterogeneously affected outpatient and inpatient health service utilization among the elderly in urban and rural areas. The introduction of NHI reduced the disparity of outpatient (inpatient) utilization between the previously uninsured and insured older urban residents by 12.9 (22.0) percentage points. However, there was no significant reduction in the utilization disparity between the previously uninsured and insured elderly among rural residents.Conclusions: Our study on Taiwan's experience should provide a valuable lesson to countries that are in an initial stage of proposing a universal health insurance system. Although NHI is designed to ensure the equitable right to access health care, it may result in differential impacts on health service utilization among the elderly across areas. The rural elderly tend to confront more challenges in accessing health care associated with spatial distance, transportation, social isolation, poverty, and a lack of health care providers, especially medical specialists.
Prescribing for older people in nursing homes: challenges for the future
Authors: Hughes Carmel , Lapane Kate , Kerse Ngaire 
Published: February 2011

hughes c., lapane k. & kerse n. (2011) Prescribing for older people in nursing homes: challenges for the future. International Journal of Older People Nursing6, 63–70 doi: 10.1111/j.1748‐3743.2010.00262.xAs the population continues to age, long‐term care for older people will be required, although the setting and method of delivery may differ depending on people’s needs. We anticipate that nursing homes will continue to be part of the overall long‐term care delivery model, but will face a number of challenges if they are to be considered as much sought‐after places. This paper highlights three issues in relation to prescribing that have been largely ignored to date, but which need to be considered by practitioners, policy makers and researchers alike: culture; resident‐centred decision‐making and care at the end of life. There has been growing interest in culture within organisations and how this may influence behaviour and performance. In this paper, we will consider how culture may influence prescribing. Culture is important in how it contributes to resident‐centred care and this leads to a consideration on how residents may be involved in decision‐making, specifically in the area of medicines. Finally, care at the end of life in nursing homes, particularly in those with dementia, has been shown to be poor in quality, and this also encompasses the medicines that are prescribed. Palliative services need to be developed to meet the requirements of some of the most vulnerable residents in this care setting.
Prescribing for older people in nursing homes: strategies to improve prescribing and medicines use in nursing homes
Authors: Parsons Carole , Alldred David , Daiello Lori , Hughes Carmel 
Published: February 2011

parsons c., alldred d., daiello l. & hughes c. (2011) Prescribing for older people in nursing homes: strategies to improve prescribing and medicines use in nursing homes. International Journal of Older People Nursing6, 55–62 doi: 10.1111/j.1748‐3743.2010.00263.xInterventions to improve prescribing in the nursing home environment are many and varied. The critical literature review presented in Paper 1 (Parsons et al., 2011, International Journal of Older People Nursing6, 45–54) in this series discussed the main issues repeatedly identified as problematic, and this paper summarises the main approaches which have been used to attempt to improve prescribing. These include national legislation which demands documented justification for the prescribing of medicines, medication review, approaches to reducing medication errors, improving communication across care boundaries and assessment teams and alternative service models. It is difficult to make global recommendations as some of these approaches are country specific or have been delivered in different ways, involving different professionals. However, a series of prompt questions have been provided which may assist nursing home staff in deciding whether prescribing is optimal in a resident or if an intervention is required which may lead to an overall improvement in outcomes.
Development of the Japanese version of the Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire (JFIQ): psychometric assessments of reliability and validity
Authors: OSADA Kenichi , OKA Hiroshi , ISOMURA Tatsuya , NAKAMURA Ikuro , TOMINAGA Keiichiro , TAKAHASHI Shinobu , KOJIMA Ayako , NISHIOKA Kusuki 
Published: February 2011

AbstractAim: To perform a psychometric assessment of the Japanese version of the Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire (JFIQ).Methods: Data for the psychometric assessment were collected from Japanese fibromyalgia (FM) patients who visited a clinic. Analyses were performed to examine the reliability and validity of the JFIQ.Results: A total of 56 patients were included in the analysis. There was no remarkable floor or ceiling effect for the JFIQ item or total scores. In the analysis of reproducibility, the interclass correlation coefficients of each item score and total score ranged from 0.61 to 0.95. Cronbach’s alpha coefficient was 0.92. For the concurrent validity, the total score and most of the item scores correlated to every domain of Short Form‐36 or Beck Depression Inventory‐II to a moderate or great extent. The results of the known‐group comparisons indicated that the total score tended to increase with the increase in severity of FM and pain (P‐values for trend < 0.05).Conclusion: This psychometric assessment demonstrated good reliability and validity of the JFIQ for use with Japanese FM patients. In the future, we expect that this questionnaire will be used in clinical studies and medical practice, and will be beneficial in the development of new therapies as well as for the comprehensive evaluation of patients’ conditions in Japan.
Leflunomide in Pakistani patients with rheumatoid arthritis: prospective study in daily rheumatology practice
Authors: AHMAD Nighat M. , FARMAN Sumaira , SAEED Muhammad A. , HAMEED Rafaqat , UMAIR Muhammad , GHAFOOR Erum 
Published: February 2011

AbstractIntroduction:  Leflunomide is a disease‐modifying anti‐rheumatic drug (DMARD) for rheumatoid arthritis (RA). It has been widely studied in the West but there is no available local Pakistani data.Objective:  To evaluate the efficacy and safety profile of leflunomide in Pakistani patients with RA, either alone or in combination with methotrexate.Materials and methods:  A prospective, non‐comparator, open‐label study in a setting of ‘care as usual’ was performed. In this study, 63 consecutive RA patients on leflunomide were enrolled. Leflunomide dose was started with full loading in 5 (8%), half loading in 39 (62%) and without loading in 19 (30%) patients. Methotrexate was also used in 20 (32%) patients. Primary end‐point was 20% improvement in American College of Rheumatology response criteria (ACR‐20). Safety was assessed by adverse events and abnormalities in laboratory parameters.Results:  Out of 63 patients, 54 (85.7%) were female. Mean age was 46 ± 12.6 years. Mean disease duration was 5.1 ± 4.5 years. Fifty‐two (86.6%) patients achieved ACR‐20 response at 6 months; 32 (53%) achieved ACR‐50 response at 6 months; 20% experienced at least one adverse event, which resolved by reducing leflunomide dose. Only seven (11%) had raised liver enzymes from baseline.Conclusion:  This prospective study conducted in the setting of a daily rheumatology practice shows that leflunomide is an effective and safe DMARD in treatment of RA in Pakistani patients.
JESUS CRUCIFIED AND THE MISSION OF THE CHURCH
Authors: Thomsen Mark W. 
Published: February 2011

“When I came to you brethren I did not come proclaiming to you the testimony of God in lofty words of wisdom. For I decided to know nothing among you except Jesus Christ and him crucified” (I Cor. 2:1–2).“If anyone would come after me, let him deny himself and take up his cross and follow me” (Mark 8:34).“Now I rejoice in my sufferings for your sake, and in my flesh I complete what is lacking in Christ's afflictions for the sake of his body, that is, the church” (Col. 1:24; Rom. 8:16–17).
‘Mobile Love Videos Make Me Feel Healthy’: Rethinking ICTs for Development
Authors: Ganesh Indira Maya 
Published: February 2011

SummaryICT4D discourses tell stories of poor farmers using the internet to compare crop prices, and nurses who use SMS to remind people to take their anti‐retrovirals. Do nurses also use work‐mobiles to make private phone calls? Do farmers surf for pornography when they are supposed to be comparing crop prices? In the ICTs for Development discourse, ICTs are positioned as tools and processes to fight poverty and facilitate empowerment through economic and educational gains; I argue that this discourse ignores the diverse ways in which the poor and the marginalised use media technologies in their everyday lives for social networking, entertainment, to produce and participate in intimate and erotic economies, and to express and experience their sexuality, relationships, pleasure and intimacy in ways that could also be considered empowering. Media use (like development) is an area where sexualities are actively made and remade. ICT4D needs to include an understanding of the potential emotional and sexual effects of interventions. Ethnographic studies of media consumption and use are needed to provide a deeper understanding of sexuality in a way that contributes to applications in a development context.This paper presents one such ethnographic study on how a community uses mobile phones, with the hope that it may provide clues and cues for people and organisations working across these related areas of ICT4D, sexuality, culture and gender. This paper presents a short pilot project of in‐depth interviews with six self‐identified Kothis, a South Asian feminine male identity. This was supported by observations of and participation in weekly support group meetings in an HIV related NGO of which they are members. The study finds that ICTs changes possibilities for finding sex, love and social mobility, as well as presenting new channels for harassment by police and others.
Citizenship and Displacement
Authors: Mehta Lyla , Napier‐Moore Rebecca 
Published: February 2011

SummaryCrucial for displaced people is citizenship (or the lack of it). In conventional terms, citizenship is seen as political membership in a given nation‐state through which citizens possess civil, political, economic and social rights. Most states, however, have groups within them who do not belong and are denied citizenship rights, even though they may have formal citizenship. In particular, displaced people (both within and crossing borders) are denied formal citizenship and rights but are claiming them, subjectively seeing their de facto experience as lived citizenship. Protest, claim assertion and transnational alliances are manifest ways of struggling for those rights. Much of the existing literature tends to focus top‐down understandings of displaced people as citizens/non‐citizens and the formal processes available (or not available) to them, ignoring the importance of informal processes as well as local agency and practice. This paper explores the informal processes and feelings of belonging through case study examples, linking them to changing dynamics in different displacement regimes (e.g. refugee, IDP – internally displaced people – and DID – (development‐induced displacement). We look at impacts of globalisation and changing international and national legal structures to bottom‐up and lived notions of citizenship. The paper also examines displacement in light of differing theoretical meanings of citizenship, asking to what extent the forced migrant is a global or transnational citizen.
Innovation in hip arthroscopy: is hip arthritis preventable in the athlete?
Authors: Ellis Henry B , Briggs Karen K , Philippon Marc J 
Published: February 2011

IntroductionThe hip is the second most common area for injury in collegiate athletes and may account for 2–5% of all sports injuries. Hip and groin pain in the athlete has long been associated with structural abnormalities of the femoral neck, acetabulum and labral pathology.ReviewThe relationship between osteoarthritis and femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) is well established now with clinical studies, radiographic studies and computer simulations.TreatmentThe successful treatment of the athlete with FAI and subsequent labral and chondral damage has been well documented. New techniques, such as labral reconstruction, are being developed to address the more complex injuries seen in athletes, while helping to protect the joint surfaces and decrease the risk of early onsite osteoarthritis.ConclusionThe athlete's painful hip, which is becoming an increasingly more common complaint, is being identified and treated with greater chances of returning to play without compromising long-term hip function and the progression of hip osteoarthritis.
"Equation missing" -Optimal Solutions in Nonconvex Semi-Infinite Programs with Support Functions
Authors: Kim DoSang , Son TaQuang 
Published: February 2011

AbstractApproximate optimality conditions for a class of nonconvex semi-infinite programs involving support functions are given. The objective function and the constraint functions are locally Lipschitz functions on "Equation missing". By using a Karush-Kuhn-Tucker (KKT) condition, we deduce a necessary optimality condition for local approximate solutions. Then, generalized KKT conditions for the problems are proposed. Based on properties of "Equation missing"-semiconvexity and semiconvexity applied to locally Lipschitz functions and generalized KKT conditions, we establish sufficient optimality conditions for another kind of local approximate solutions of the problems. Obtained results in case of nonconvex semi-infinite programs and nonconvex infinite programs are discussed.
Existence of Positive Solutions for Nonlocal Fourth-Order Boundary Value Problem with Variable Parameter
Authors: Han Xiaoling , Gao Hongliang , Xu Jia 
Published: February 2011

AbstractBy using the Krasnoselskii's fixed point theorem and operator spectral theorem, the existence of positive solutions for the nonlocal fourth-order boundary value problem with variable parameter "Equation missing", "Equation missing", "Equation missing", "Equation missing" is considered, where "Equation missing" is a parameter, and "Equation missing", "Equation missing".
Activation of the Androgen Receptor by Intratumoral Bioconversion of Androstanediol to Dihydrotestosterone in Prostate Cancer
Authors: Mohler James L. , Titus Mark A. , Bai Suxia , Kennerley Brian J. , Lih Fred B. , Tomer Kenneth B. , Wilson Elizabeth M. 
Published: February 2011

Abstract
The androgen receptor (AR) mediates the growth of benign and malignant prostate in response to dihydrotestosterone (DHT). In patients undergoing androgen deprivation therapy for prostate cancer, AR drives prostate cancer growth despite low circulating levels of testicular androgen and normal levels of adrenal androgen. In this report, we demonstrate the extent of AR transactivation in the presence of 5α-androstane-3α,17β-diol (androstanediol) in prostate-derived cell lines parallels the bioconversion of androstanediol to DHT. AR transactivation in the presence of androstanediol in prostate cancer cell lines correlated mainly with mRNA and protein levels of 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 6 (17β-HSD6), one of several enzymes required for the interconversion of androstanediol to DHT and the inactive metabolite androsterone. Levels of retinol dehydrogenase 5, and dehydrogenase/reductase short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase family member 9, which also convert androstanediol to DHT, were lower than 17β-HSD6 in prostate-derived cell lines and higher in the castration-recurrent human prostate cancer xenograft. Measurements of tissue androstanediol using mass spectrometry demonstrated androstanediol metabolism to DHT and androsterone. Administration of androstanediol dipropionate to castration-recurrent CWR22R tumor-bearing athymic castrated male mice produced a 28-fold increase in intratumoral DHT levels. AR transactivation in prostate cancer cells in the presence of androstanediol resulted from the cell-specific conversion of androstanediol to DHT, and androstanediol increased LAPC-4 cell growth. The ability to convert androstanediol to DHT provides a mechanism for optimal utilization of androgen precursors and catabolites for DHT synthesis. Cancer Res; 71(4); 1486–96. ©2011 AACR.
Noncytotoxic Differentiation Treatment of Renal Cell Cancer
Authors: Negrotto Soledad , Hu Zhenbo , Alcazar Oscar , Ng Kwok Peng , Triozzi Pierre , Lindner Daniel , Rini Brian , Saunthararajah Yogen 
Published: February 2011

Abstract
Current drug therapy for metastatic renal cell cancer (RCC) results in temporary disease control but not cure, necessitating continued investigation into alternative mechanistic approaches. Drugs that inhibit chromatin-modifying enzymes involved in transcription repression (chromatin-relaxing drugs) could have a role, by inducing apoptosis and/or through differentiation pathways. At low doses, the cytosine analogue decitabine (DAC) can be used to deplete DNA methyl-transferase 1 (DNMT1), modify chromatin, and alter differentiation without causing apoptosis (cytotoxicity). Noncytotoxic regimens of DAC were evaluated for in vitro and in vivo efficacy against RCC cell lines, including a p53-mutated RCC cell line developed from a patient with treatment-refractory metastatic RCC. The cell division–permissive mechanism of action—absence of early apoptosis or DNA damage, increase in expression of HNF4α (hepatocyte nuclear factor 4α), a key driver associated with the mesenchymal to epithelial transition, decrease in mesenchymal marker expression, increase in epithelial marker expression, and late increase in cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor CDKN1B (p27) protein—was consistent with differentiation-mediated cell-cycle exit. In vivo blood counts and animal weights were consistent with minimal toxicity of therapy. The distinctive mechanism of action of a dose and schedule of DAC designed for noncytotoxic depletion of DNMT1 suggests a potential role in treating RCC. Cancer Res; 71(4); 1431–41. ©2011 AACR.
PIPKIγ Regulates β-Catenin Transcriptional Activity Downstream of Growth Factor Receptor Signaling
Authors: Schramp Mark , Thapa Narendra , Heck Jessica , Anderson Richard 
Published: February 2011

Abstract
Increased β-catenin transcriptional activity downstream of the Wnt/Wingless signaling pathway has been observed in many human tumors, most notably colorectal carcinomas. However, β-catenin activation is also observed in many human malignancies with no observable Wnt activity. Wnt-independent pathways that activate β-catenin remain undefined, yet have the potential to play a significant role during tumorigenesis. Here, we report that phosphotidylinositol phosphate kinase Iγ (PIPKIγ), an enzyme that generates phosphoinositide messengers in vivo, directly associates with β-catenin and increases β-catenin activity downstream of growth factor stimulation. PIPKIγ expression and kinase activity enhance β-catenin phosphorylation on residues that promote nuclear importation and transcriptional activity. Lastly, we show that β-catenin is required for PIPKIγ-dependent increased cell proliferation. These results reveal a novel mechanism in which PIPKIγ expression and catalytic activity enhance β-catenin nuclear translocation and expression of its target genes to promote tumorigenic phenotypes. Cancer Res; 71(4); 1282–91. ©2011 AACR.
Genome-Wide Significant Association Between a Sequence Variant at 15q15.2 and Lung Cancer Risk
Authors: Rafnar Thorunn , Sulem Patrick , Besenbacher Soren , Gudbjartsson Daniel F. , Zanon Carlo , Gudmundsson Julius , Stacey Simon N. , Kostic Jelena P. , Thorgeirsson Thorgeir E. , Thorleifsson Gudmar , Bjarnason Hjordis , Skuladottir Halla , Gudbjartsson Tomas , Isaksson Helgi J. , Isla Dolores , Murillo Laura , García-Prats Maria D. , Panadero Angeles , Aben Katja K.H. , Vermeulen Sita H. , van der Heijden Henricus F.M. , Feser William J. , Miller York E. , Bunn Paul A. , Kong Augustine , Wolf Holly J. , Franklin Wilbur A. , Mayordomo Jose I. , Kiemeney Lambertus A. , Jonsson Steinn , Thorsteinsdottir Unnur , Stefansson Kari 
Published: February 2011

Abstract
Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified 3 genomic regions, at 15q24–25.1, 5p15.33, and 6p21.33, which associate with the risk of lung cancer. Large meta-analyses of GWA data have failed to find additional associations of genome-wide significance. In this study, we sought to confirm 7 variants with suggestive association to lung cancer (P &lt; 10−5) in a recently published meta-analysis. In a GWA dataset of 1,447 lung cancer cases and 36,256 controls in Iceland, 3 correlated variants on 15q15.2 (rs504417, rs11853991, and rs748404) showed a significant association with lung cancer, whereas rs4254535 on 2p14, rs1530057 on 3p24.1, rs6438347 on 3q13.31, and rs1926203 on 10q23.31 did not. The most significant variant, rs748404, was genotyped in an additional 1,299 lung cancer cases and 4,102 controls from the Netherlands, Spain, and the United States and the results combined with published GWAS data. In this analysis, the T allele of rs748404 reached genome-wide significance (OR = 1.15, P = 1.1 × 10−9). Another variant at the same locus, rs12050604, showed association with lung cancer (OR = 1.09, 3.6 × 10−6) and remained significant after adjustment for rs748404 and vice versa. rs748404 is located 140 kb centromeric of the TP53BP1 gene that has been implicated in lung cancer risk. Two fully correlated, nonsynonymous coding variants in TP53BP1, rs2602141 (Q1136K) and rs560191 (E353D) showed association with lung cancer in our sample set; however, this association did not remain significant after adjustment for rs748404. Our data show that 1 or more lung cancer risk variants of genome-wide significance and distinct from the coding variants in TP53BP1 are located at 15q15.2. Cancer Res; 71(4); 1356–61. ©2011 AACR.