bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Public Health Nurse Perceptions of Empowerment and Advocacy in Child Health Surveillance in West Ireland
Authors: Cawley Teresa , Mannix McNamara Patricia 
Published: January 2011

ABSTRACT
Objective: The objective of this study was to analyze public health nurses' perceptions of empowerment and advocacy within a child health screening and surveillance program in West Ireland.Design and Sample: This study combined both qualitative and quantitative research methods. A purposive sample of 9 public health nurses (PHNs) (phase 1) participated in 2 focus groups and a purposive sample of 43 clients attending the child health screening service completed a questionnaire (phase 2).Measures: Focus groups and Questionnaires were used.Results: Thematic content analysis revealed that PHNs in the study did not perceive themselves to be empowered in their work. They attributed this to workload, lack of professional advocacy, and restricted access to power and opportunity, while also identifying the need for continued managerial support and feedback.Conclusions: The results suggest that PHNs need to be empowered in order to facilitate client empowerment. PHNs struggled with empowerment and client advocacy. There is a need for professional development for PHNs in order to support them to more critically engage with empowerment and self‐efficacy in their work. This needs to be done within organizational structures that support PHNs to critically analyze the role of advocacy and empowerment in their practice.
Contribution to safety of immunoglobulin and albumin from virus partitioning and inactivation by cold ethanol fractionation: a data collection from Plasma Protein Therapeutics Association member companies
Authors: Dichtelmüller Herbert O. , Biesert Lothar , Fabbrizzi Fabrizio , Falbo Anna , Flechsig Eckhard , Gröner Albrecht , von Hoegen Ilka , Kempf Christoph , Kreil Thomas R. , Lee Douglas C. , Pölsler Gerhard , Roth Nathan J. 
Published: January 2011

BACKGROUND: Virus removal by partitioning into different fractions during cold ethanol fractionation has been described by several authors, demonstrating that cold ethanol fractionation can provide significant contribution to virus removal, even in those cases where virus removal is limited and must be supported by additional measures for virus inactivation during further processing.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: Plasma Protein Therapeutics Association (PPTA) member companies collected and evaluated 615 studies on virus removal by the steps of the cold ethanol fractionation process. The studies describe the precipitation and separation of Fraction (F)III or FI/III in the immunoglobulin fractionation process and precipitation and separation of FII/III, FI/II/III, and FIV/IV in the albumin fractionation process.RESULTS: The data indicate a significant contribution of cold ethanol fractionation to the overall clearance of a broad spectrum of viruses, at varied process variables such as pH, temperature, and alcohol concentration and demonstrate the robustness of virus removal by the cold ethanol fractionation process.CONCLUSIONS: The data presented here support the importance of the partitioning steps for virus safety for immunoglobulins and albumin. However, virus removal by cold ethanol fractionation alone cannot provide viral safety of human albumin and immunoglobulins and therefore must be completed by other virus inactivation and removal procedures.
Rejuvenation capacity of red blood cells in additive solutions over long‐term storage
Authors: Meyer Erin K. , Dumont Deborah F. , Baker Sharry , Dumont Larry J. 
Published: January 2011

BACKGROUND: Red blood cells (RBCs) are Food and Drug Administration (FDA)‐approved for 42‐day storage with the use of additive solutions (ASs). However, adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and 2,3‐diphosphoglycerate (2,3‐DPG) levels in the RBCs decline over this time. These constituents may be restored by treatment with rejuvenation (REJ) solutions. This study was done to assess the response capability of RBCs from 30 to 120 days of storage in three FDA‐licensed RBC storage solutions after incubation with a rejuvenating solution of pyruvate, inosine, phosphate, and adenine.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: Three units each of RBCs in approved AS (AS‐1 [Adsol, Fenwal, Inc.], AS‐3 [Nutricel, Medsep Corp.], and AS‐5 [Optisol, Terumo Corp.]) were stored under standard conditions at 1 to 6°C for up to 120 days. Aliquots (4 mL) on Days 30, 42, 60, 80, 100, and 120 (±2 days) were REJ by incubating with Rejuvesol (Encyte Corp.). Control untreated and REJ aliquots were extracted using perchloric acid and stored at −80°C until assayed for 2,3‐DPG and ATP.RESULTS: RBCs responded to REJ by increasing DPG and ATP contents. The response declined linearly at 0.070 ± 0.008 µmol DPG/g hemoglobin (Hb)/day and 0.035 ± 0.004 µmol ATP/g Hb/day with no differences between ASs.CONCLUSION: We conclude that Rejuvesol is able to restore ATP and 2,3‐DPG levels in RBCs stored up to 120 days in AS. The response diminishes as storage time increases. This rejuvenation (REJ) capability does not seem useful for routine assessment of RBC anabolic capacity in research programs, but may be useful to the investigator when studying unique and novel treatment methods.
Examining the Impact of Pedagogy on Student Application of Learning: Acquiring, Sharing, and Using Knowledge for Organizational Decision Making
Authors: Stewart Alice C. , Williams Jacqueline , Smith‐Gratto Karen , Black Sylvia Sloan , Kane Betty Turner 
Published: January 2011

ABSTRACTIn this pilot research we examine the impact of two leadership development training programs on the ability of students to acquire knowledge, share knowledge, and apply knowledge for organizational decision making. One program emphasized concepts and case‐based application based on a technical learning paradigm. The other program used a game‐based computer simulation, Virtual Leader, grounded in an experiential or situated learning paradigm. After training, students from both programs engaged in a complex in‐basket exercise to examine the quality of their leadership and managerial abilities. In this exercise, participants from each training intervention worked with their trained cohort to accomplish a day of managerial work. Participants were observed and their individual and collective actions and decisions on behalf of the organization were evaluated. Using qualitative research we compared the organizational decisions associated with each group to determine which pedagogical technique resulted in the most effective application of student learning. While technical learning pedagogy was associated with greater information acquisition, the game‐based computer simulation (an experiential, social‐interaction oriented pedagogy) was associated with better decision quality and more shared cognition. Evidence suggests that students taught with the game‐based computer simulation collectively demonstrated a greater ability to apply what they learned.
Applying Mass Customization Concepts to Core Courses: Increasing Student‐Centered Customization and Enabling Cross‐Functional Integration
Authors: Wilson Darryl D. 
Published: January 2011

ABSTRACTThis conceptual paper suggests a methodology for increasing student satisfaction in core courses by applying the principle of mass customization to increase student satisfaction. It proposes that customization can be increased by increasing course flexibility along three dimensions: content flexibility, schedule flexibility, and course length flexibility. The increased flexibility provides opportunities for both student‐centered customization and the cross‐functional integration of the core course with other disciplines. Core courses were targeted because of their high volume of students specializing in something other than the core course being taught and the associated general disinterest of these types of students. There are two main sections. The first section provides an overview to the proposed course structure while the second provides suggestions about computer‐based technology that can be used to support the structure presented in the first section. Examples are presented that pertain to a core course in statistics, but the technology and course structure presented are easily adaptable to core courses in any discipline.
Morse taper connection implants supporting “planned” maxillary and mandibular bar‐retained overdentures: a 5‐year prospective multicenter study
Authors: Mangano Carlo , Mangano Francesco , Shibli Jamil Awad , Ricci Massimiliano , Sammons Rachel Lilian , Figliuzzi Michele 
Published: January 2011

AbstractObjectives: In contrast to the excellent long‐term outcomes described for implant‐supported mandibular overdentures, less favorable long‐term survival and success rates have been reported for maxillary implants supporting overdentures. The aim of this study was to evaluate the treatment outcome of “planned” bar‐retained maxillary and mandibular overdentures supported by Morse taper connection implants, investigating implant survival, peri‐implant tissue health, marginal bone resorption and prosthetic complications.Material and methods: Over a 2‐year period, 60 patients were enrolled in this study, in four different clinical centers. The overdentures (maxilla 38, mandible 34) were planned with support from four implants anchored on a bar. A total of 288 Morse taper connection implants (Leone Implant System®) were inserted (152 maxilla, 136 mandible). Implants were evaluated 5 years after insertion. Success criteria included the absence of pain, suppuration or clinical mobility, the distance between implant shoulder and first crestal bone–implant contact (DIB) <2 mm and no exudate history.Results: The overall 5‐year implant survival rate was 98% (maxilla 97.4%, mandible 98.6%), with 282 implants still in function. Among these surviving implants, 278 (98.6%) were classified in the success group. At the 5‐year examination, the mean DIB was 0.7 mm (±0.53). Few prosthetic complications were reported.Conclusions: With “planned” bar‐retained maxillary and mandibular overdentures supported by Morse taper connection implants, satisfactory survival and success rate can be achieved.To cite this article:
Mangano C, Mangano F, Shibli JA, Ricci M, Sammons R, Figliuzzi M. Morse taper connection implants supporting “planned” maxillary and mandibular bar‐retained overdentures: a 5‐year prospective multicenter study. Clin. Oral Impl. Res.22, 2011; 1117–1124 doi: 10.1111/j.1600‐0501.2010.02079.x
Titanium allergy: could it affect dental implant integration?
Authors: Siddiqi Allauddin , Payne Alan G. T. , De Silva Rohana Kumara , Duncan Warwick J. 
Published: January 2011

AbstractPurpose: Degradation products of metallic biomaterials including titanium may result in metal hypersensitivity reaction. Hypersensitivity to biomaterials is often described in terms of vague pain, skin rashes, fatigue and malaise and in some cases implant loss. Recently, titanium hypersensitivity has been suggested as one of the factors responsible for implant failure. Although titanium hypersensitivity is a growing concern, epidemiological data on incidence of titanium‐related allergic reactions are still lacking.Materials and methods: A computer search of electronic databases primarily MEDLINE and PUBMED was performed with the following key words: ‘titanium hypersensitivity’, ‘titanium allergy’, ‘titanium release’ without any language restriction. Manual searches of the bibliographies of all the retrieved articles were also performed. In addition, a complementary hand search was also conducted to identify recent articles and case reports.Results: Most of the literature comprised case reports and prospective in vivo/in vitro trials. One hundred and twenty‐seven publications were selected for full text reading. The bulk of the literature originated from the orthopaedic discipline, reporting wear debris following knee/hip arthroplasties. The rest comprised osteosynthesis (plates/screws), oral implant/dental materials, dermatology/cardiac‐pacemaker, pathology/cancer, biomaterials and general reports.Conclusion: This review of the literature indicates that titanium can induce hypersensitivity in susceptible patients and could play a critical role in implant failure. Furthermore, this review supports the need for long‐term clinical and radiographic follow‐up of all implant patients who are sensitive to metals. At present, we know little about titanium hypersensitivity, but it cannot be excluded as a reason for implant failure. To cite this article:
Siddiqi A, Payne AGT, De Silva RK, Duncan WJ. Titanium allergy: could it affect dental implant integration? Clin. Oral Impl. Res. 22, 2011; 673–680 doi: 10.1111/j.1600‐0501.2010.02081.x
The effect of zirconia and titanium implant abutments on light reflection of the supporting soft tissues
Authors: van Brakel Ralph , Noordmans Herke Jan , Frenken Joost , de Roode Rowland , de Wit Gerard C. , Cune Marco S. 
Published: January 2011

AbstractObjectives: To determine the difference in light reflection of oral mucosa covering titanium (Ti) or zirconia (ZrO2) abutments as it relates to the thickness of the covering mucosa.Material and methods: Fifteen anterior implants (Astra Osseo speed®) in 11 patients were fitted with a Ti or a ZrO2 abutment (cross‐over, within‐subject comparison). Hyper‐spectral images were taken with a camera fitted on a surgical microscope. High‐resolution images with 70 nm interval between 440 and 720 nm were obtained within 30 s (1392 × 1024 pixels). Black‐ and white‐point reference was used for spatial and spectral normalization as well as correction for motion during exposure. Reflection spectra were extracted from the image on a line mid‐buccal of the implant, starting 1 mm above the soft tissue continuing up to 3 mm apically.Results: Median soft tissue height is 2.3 mm (min: 1.2 mm and max: 3.1 mm). The buccal mucosa rapidly increases in the thickness, when moving apically. At 2.2 mm, thickness is 3 mm. No perceivable difference between the Ti and ZrO2 abutment can be observed when the thickness of the mucosa is 2±0.1 mm (95% confidence interval) or more.Conclusion: It is expected that the difference in light reflection of soft tissue covering Ti or ZrO2 abutments is no longer noticeable for the human eye when the mucosa thickness exceeds 2 mm. Haemoglobin peaks in the reflection spectrum can be observed and make hyper‐spectral imaging a practical and useful tool for measuring soft tissue health.To cite this article:
van Brakel R, Noordmans HJ, Frenken J, de Roode R, de Wit GC, Cune MS. The effect of zirconia and titanium implant abutments on light reflection of the supporting soft tissues. Clin. Oral Impl. Res. 22, 2011; 1172–1178 doi: 10.1111/j.1600‐0501.2010.02082.x
Retracted:Bone remodelling after regenerative procedures around implants placed in fresh extraction sockets: an experimental study in Beagle dogs
Authors: Barone A. , Ricci M. , Calvo‐Guirado J. L. , Covani U. 
Published: January 2011

AbstractIntroduction:After a tooth extraction, the height of the buccal wall tends to decrease. The literature indicates that regenerative techniques (guided bone regenerative [GBR] techniques) have succeeded in improving the bone levels. Therefore, this experiment set out to compare the physiological bone remodelling in Beagle dog models after implant placement in a fresh extraction socket, with and without the application of regenerative procedure.Materials and methods:Five dogs were used in this study. Test and control sites were randomly selected. The experimental teeth (fourth pre‐molar and first molar) were hemi‐sected removing the distal roots and placing implants. Porcine bone was placed to fill the gap around the implant on the test sites and a reabsorbable membrane was used to cover the area. The dogs were put down at different times (2 weeks, 1 month and 3 months). The measurements were taken immediately and at 2, 4, 12 weeks after implant placement. Student's test for paired data was used to compare the means of the clinical measurements.Results:At 2 weeks: On the control sites, few signs of resorption were detected at the first molar only, while at the test sites bone levels were placed at the implant shoulder or above.At 4 weeks: On the control site, slight bone remodelling was observed, while on the test site minor signs of resorption or an increase of bone levels were detected.At 12 weeks: The alveolar crest on the control sites showed various degrees of remodelling. On the test sites stable bone levels or an increase of bone crest was observed.Conclusion:With the limits of this study, the findings showed that GBR techniques were able to limit resorption of the alveolar crest after tooth extraction. A pattern of bone remodelling after tooth extraction and implant placement was observed in the control sites (no GBR) as well as in test sites (GBR), and although the exact cause of this is unclear, surgical trauma could play a role. Further studies are necessary to confirm these results and to clarify the precise causes of bone remodelling in fresh extraction sockets.To cite this article: Barone A, Ricci M, Calvo‐Guirado JL, Covani U. Bone remodelling after regenerative procedures around implants placed in fresh extraction sockets: an experimental study in the Beagle dogs. Clin. Oral Impl. Res.22, 2011; 1131–1137 doi: 10.1111/j.1600‐0501.2010.02084.x
An assessment of the influence of clinical demonstrations on the confidence of undergraduate dental students, when treating patients requiring removable partial dentures
Authors: Packer M. E. , Scott B. J. J. , Davis D. M. 
Published: January 2011

Aim: This study was designed to assess the influence of clinical demonstrations, on the confidence of undergraduate dental students, when treating patients requiring removable partial dentures.Method: The confidence of 45 undergraduate dental students treating their first patient requiring removable partial dentures was assessed using questionnaires. 23 students were given demonstrations prior to carrying out the treatment; the remainder did not receive a demonstration. Outcome was assessed by the time taken to complete the procedures to a clinically acceptable standard.Results: All the students indicated high levels of agreement with a statement expressing their confidence in coping with the clinical procedures undertaken. The more confident students completed their clinical procedures more quickly than other students, irrespective as to whether they had received a demonstration or not. There was a higher proportion of more confident students in the groups who had received a clinical demonstration; it can therefore be concluded that these groups performed better, as measured by the time taken to achieve the required clinical standard. All the students who had received a demonstration believed they had benefited from it, whilst 67% of the students who had not received a demonstration believed they would have benefited from one. Analysis of the students' comments indicated that demonstrations facilitated confidence, communication skills, understanding and recall in the clinical situation. Students who did not perceive a benefit from the demonstrations believed that they had more time for one to one teaching.Conclusion: This study showed that those students who had received a clinical demonstration immediately prior to treating their patients believed they were more confident and as a result their performance was improved. Clinical demonstrations are time consuming, but they would appear to be time well spent.
Skin colorimetric parameters involved in skin age perception
Authors: Puccetti Germain , Nguyen Tung , Stroever Cristina 
Published: January 2011

Background/purpose: Age perception is based on a number of facial attributes such as wrinkles, skin gravity effects, feature lines, and skin optical appearance. The colorimetric and optical diffusion properties of skin have been compared with the consumer interpretation of ‘skin age’ of cheek area pictures without wrinkles or feature lines.Methods: Controlled lighting images of skin were taken with the Visia CR. Skin sections from the cheek area were selected without eye region wrinkles or naso‐labial lines for consumer interpretation. These same skin sections were analyzed for optical roughness and colorimetric parameters in the LCH color space, by distinguishing several roughness parameters according to their physical scale.Results: Three main optical parameters of skin were found to influence the consumer's interpretation of skin ‘visual age’: the chroma (color saturation), lightness, and the local light‐diffusing ability of skin. For the chroma and lightness, mainly large‐scale inhomogeneities in the 0.8–2 cm−1 range are taken into account by the consumer. Surprisingly, variations in the skin hue show a total absence of correlation with the consumer grading.
Comparative diagnostic accuracy in virtual dermatopathology
Authors: Mooney Ellen , Hood Antoinette F. , Lampros James , Kempf Werner , Jemec Gregor B. E. 
Published: January 2011

Background: Virtual microscopy can be used to teach histology and pathology and for in‐training and certification examinations. A few online consultation websites already utilize virtual microscopy, thereby expanding the role of telemedicine in dermatopathology. There are, however, relatively few studies comparing the diagnostic accuracy and acceptability of virtual slides compared to traditional glass slides.Methods: Ten Nordic dermatopathologists and pathologists were given a randomized combination of 20 virtual and glass slides and asked to identify the diagnoses. They were then asked to give their impressions about the virtual images. Descriptive data analysis and comparison of groups using Fisher's exact test were performed.Objective: To compare the diagnostic ability of dermatopathologists and pathologists in two image formats: the traditional (glass) microscopic slides, and whole mount digitized images, and to elucidate their assessment of virtual microscopy in dermatopathology.Results: Dermatopathologists and pathologists performed similarly in diagnosing dermatopathological disorders using virtual slides vs. glass slides, virtual 0.85 and glass 0.81, P=0.286. The order of administration of virtual or glass slides did not affect the percentage of questions answered correctly. Seven of nine participants completing the questionnaire, felt virtual microscopy is useful for both learning and testing.Conclusion: There was no significant difference in the participants' diagnostic ability using virtual slides compared with glass slides. Most participants agreed that virtual microscopy is a useful tool for learning and testing.