bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Migration and natives' inequality: Evidence from Italian local labor markets
Authors: Gianfreda Giuseppina , Vallanti Giovanna 
Published: May 2024

AbstractUsing individual data from the Italian Labor Force Survey, we investigate the impact of immigration on the Gini index and the percentile ratio (p90/p10) at the household level within Labor Market Areas (LMAs) in Italy from 2008 to 2018. To identify the effect of immigration we construct a composite index based on demographic and occupation‐related characteristics that captures the degree of similarity between immigrants and natives across LMAs. This approach addresses the limitations of the standard cell segmentation method and allows us to estimate the impact of immigration on the entire distribution of natives' earnings. To address endogeneity concerns we use an instrument proposed by Card, which exploits the tendency of immigrants to migrate to areas with a pre‐existing group of immigrants of the same ethnicity. Our findings show that immigration reduces income inequality among natives and the effect is larger in those LMAs where the degree of similarity between immigrants and natives is higher. We also find that immigration has a positive effect on natives' labor income in occupations that require language skills, while the effect is not significant in low/no skilled jobs that only require basic language skills, or highly skilled jobs where interaction between immigrants and natives is limited.
Total hip arthroplasty for femoral fractures other than capital physeal fractures in dogs: 14 cases (2012‐2020)
Authors: Adams T. A. , Jones S. C. , Dyce J. 
Published: May 2024

ObjectivesThe goals of this retrospective study were to assess the clinical and radiographic outcomes in dogs with proximal femoral fractures, other than capital physeal fractures, treated via total hip arthroplasty.Materials and MethodsMedical records as well as pre‐operative, immediate post‐operative and 2 to 3 months post‐operative radiographs of 14 dogs with femoral head and neck fractures treated via total hip arthroplasty were reviewed. A Liverpool Osteoarthritis in Dogs questionnaire was completed by owners to assess long‐term outcomes.ResultsSeven femoral head fractures, and seven femoral neck fractures were included. Four of the femoral head fractures were acute in nature, the three remaining femoral head fractures and all seven femoral neck fracture cases were chronic fractures. Malorientation of the femoral stem was more common in the chronic femoral fracture cases when compared to the acute femoral fracture cases. Two of the acute fracture cases and five chronic fracture cases experienced a change in femoral stem position post‐operatively. One femoral fissure fracture occurred and was repaired intraoperatively. One case had a post‐operative complication that resulted in implant removal. All dogs had good to excellent owner‐perceived outcome.Clinical SignificanceFemoral head and neck fractures, and in particular the chronic cases, represented a challenging subset of cases presenting for total hip arthroplasty, resulting in suboptimal stem alignment in many cases. However, clinical outcomes were considered good to excellent in all dogs in the study, indicating that total hip arthroplasty is a viable treatment option for these types of fractures.
The Ordovician meteorite event in North America: Age of the Slate Islands impact structure, northern Lake Superior, Ontario, Canada
Authors: Parisi Andrew F. , Catlos Elizabeth J. , Brookfield Michael E. , Schmitt Axel K. , Stöckli Daniel F. , Miggins Daniel P. , Campos Daniel S. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe Slate Islands (Ontario) is one of Canada's larger impact structures at 32 km in diameter and has been linked to the Ordovician meteorite event (OME). We report zircon U–Pb dates from two suevite and two syenite samples collected from the Slate Islands. Plagioclase 40Ar/39Ar dates were also obtained from one of the samples. The plagioclase and most zircon dates record pre‐impact ages with links to known tectonic events, including those associated with the assembly of the Superior Craton at approximately 2700 Ma. However, Neoarchean zircon grains appear to be reset at 456.1 ± 6.9 Ma (±2σ) based on the lower intercept of discordia for all dated samples. The date overlaps its previously accepted age of 450 Ma and would be 2–19 million years following the parent asteroid breakup if related to the OME.
Trees adjust nutrient acquisition strategies across tropical forest secondary succession
Authors: Wong Michelle Y. , Wurzburger Nina , Hall Jefferson S. , Wright S. Joseph , Tang Wenguang , Hedin Lars O. , Saltonstall Kristin , van Breugel Michiel , Batterman Sarah A. 
Published: May 2024

Summary

Nutrient limitation may constrain the ability of recovering and mature tropical forests to serve as a carbon sink. However, it is unclear to what extent trees can utilize nutrient acquisition strategies – especially root phosphatase enzymes and mycorrhizal symbioses – to overcome low nutrient availability across secondary succession.

Using a large‐scale, full factorial nitrogen and phosphorus fertilization experiment of 76 plots along a secondary successional gradient in lowland wet tropical forests of Panama, we tested the extent to which root phosphatase enzyme activity and mycorrhizal colonization are flexible, and if investment shifts over succession, reflective of changing nutrient limitation. We also conducted a meta‐analysis to test how tropical trees adjust these strategies in response to nutrient additions and across succession.

We find that tropical trees are dynamic, adjusting investment in strategies – particularly root phosphatase – in response to changing nutrient conditions through succession. These changes reflect a shift from strong nitrogen to weak phosphorus limitation over succession. Our meta‐analysis findings were consistent with our field study; we found more predictable responses of root phosphatase than mycorrhizal colonization to nutrient availability.

Our findings suggest that nutrient acquisition strategies respond to nutrient availability and demand in tropical forests, likely critical for alleviating nutrient limitation.
Exercise interventions following bariatric surgery are poorly reported: A systematic review and a call for action
Authors: Baena‐Raya Andrés , Martínez‐Rosales Elena , Ruiz‐González David , Hernández‐Martínez Alba , López‐Sánchez Laura , Ferrer‐Márquez Manuel , Rodríguez‐Pérez Manuel A. , Soriano‐Maldonado Alberto 
Published: May 2024

SummaryObjectivesThis study assessed the transparency and replicability of exercise‐based interventions following bariatric surgery by evaluating the content reporting of exercise‐based clinical trials.DesignThe study design of the present article is a systematic review.Data sourcesPubMed, Scopus, Web of Sciences, PsycINFO, and Cochrane were searched from their inception to May 2023.Eligibility criteriaEligible studies were clinical trials including exercise interventions in participants following bariatric surgery. There were 28 unique exercise interventions. Two independent reviewers applied the exercise prescription components of Frequency, Intensity, Time, and Type (FITT; four items) and the Consensus on Exercise Reporting Template (CERT; 19 items). Exercise interventions were organized into four major exercise components: aerobic training, resistance training, concurrent training, and “others.”ResultsThe FITT assessment revealed that 53% of the trials did not report the training intensity, whereas 25% did not indicate the duration of the major exercise component within the training session. The mean CERT score was 5 out of a possible score of 19. No studies reached CERT score >10, while 13 out of the total 19 CERT items were not adequately reported by ≥75% of the studies.ConclusionThis study highlights that the exercise interventions following bariatric surgery are poorly reported, non‐transparent, and generally not replicable. This precludes understanding the dose–response association of exercise and health‐related effects and requires action to improve this scientific field.
Metagovernance of co‐creation in city–university partnerships: How to avoid being stuck in the middle?
Authors: Torfing Jacob , Sivertsen Håkon , Torvatn Hans 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis article contributes to public administration research on collaborative governance in partnerships by exploring local efforts to metagovern a multi‐layered interorganizational collaboration between a city and a university. Hence, to further explore the prospect for developing city–university partnerships (CUP) into local platforms for the co‐creation of innovative public value outcomes, we ask: How can metagovernance contribute to aligning different actors and levels in a CUP aiming to enhance public value production? This question is answered based on a mixed‐method case study of cutting‐edge experiences from the City of Trondheim, Norway, where a transformative partnership was formed in 2017. The main finding is that the efforts to metagovern the CUP are deficient as they fail to prevent it from being stuck in the middle with a tactical level that is disconnected to strategic leadership and has limited operational impact. Some remedial strategies are offered, and the future of CUPs is discussed.
The complex relationship between disease resistance and yield in crops
Authors: Derbyshire Mark C. , Newman Toby E. , Thomas William J. W. , Batley Jacqueline , Edwards David 
Published: May 2024

SummaryIn plants, growth and defence are controlled by many molecular pathways that are antagonistic to one another. This results in a ‘growth‐defence trade‐off’, where plants temporarily reduce growth in response to pests or diseases. Due to this antagonism, genetic variants that improve resistance often reduce growth and vice versa. Therefore, in natural populations, the most disease resistant individuals are often the slowest growing. In crops, slow growth may translate into a yield penalty, but resistance is essential for protecting yield in the presence of disease. Therefore, plant breeders must balance these traits to ensure optimal yield potential and yield stability. In crops, both qualitative and quantitative disease resistance are often linked with genetic variants that cause yield penalties, but this is not always the case. Furthermore, both crop yield and disease resistance are complex traits influenced by many aspects of the plant's physiology, morphology and environment, and the relationship between the molecular growth‐defence trade‐off and disease resistance‐yield antagonism is not well‐understood. In this article, we highlight research from the last 2 years on the molecular mechanistic basis of the antagonism between defence and growth. We then discuss the interaction between disease resistance and crop yield from a breeding perspective, outlining the complexity and nuances of this relationship and where research can aid practical methods for simultaneous improvement of yield potential and disease resistance.
Effect of light‐induced changes in leaf anatomy on intercellular and cellular components of mesophyll resistance for CO2 in Fagus sylvatica
Authors: Janová J. , Kubásek J. , Grams T. E. E. , Zeisler‐Diehl V. , Schreiber L. , Šantrůček J. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Mesophyll resistance for CO2 diffusion (rm) is one of the main limitations for photosynthesis and plant growth. Breeding new varieties with lower rm requires knowledge of its distinct components.

We tested new method for estimating the relative drawdowns of CO2 concentration (c) across hypostomatous leaves of Fagus sylvatica. This technique yields values of the ratio of the internal CO2 concentrations at the adaxial and abaxial leaf side, cd/cb, the drawdown in the intercellular air space (IAS), and intracellular drawdown between IAS and chloroplast stroma, cc/cbd. The method is based on carbon isotope composition of leaf dry matter and epicuticular wax isolated from upper and lower leaf sides. We investigated leaves from tree‐canopy profile to analyse the effects of light and leaf anatomy on the drawdowns and partitioning of rm into its inter‐ (rIAS) and intracellular (rliq) components. Validity of the new method was tested by independent measurements of rm using conventional isotopic and gas exchange techniques.

73% of investigated leaves had adaxial epicuticular wax enriched in 13C compared to abaxial wax (by 0.50‰ on average), yielding 0.98 and 0.70 for average of cd/cb and cc/cbd, respectively. The rIAS to rliq proportion were 5.5:94.5% in sun‐exposed and 14.8:85.2% in shaded leaves. cc dropped to less than half of the atmospheric value in the sunlit and to about two‐thirds of it in shaded leaves.

This method shows that rIAS is minor but not negligible part of rm and reflects leaf anatomy traits, i.e. leaf mass per area and thickness.
A registered report of a two‐site study of variations of the flanker task: ERN experimental effects and data quality
Authors: Clayson Peter E. , Rocha Harold A. , McDonald Julia B. , Baldwin Scott A. , Larson Michael J. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractError‐related negativity is a widely used measure of error monitoring, and many projects are independently moving ERN recorded during a flanker task toward standardization, optimization, and eventual clinical application. However, each project uses a different version of the flanker task and tacitly assumes ERN is functionally equivalent across each version. The routine neglect of a rigorous test of this assumption undermines efforts to integrate ERN findings across tasks, optimize and standardize ERN assessment, and widely apply ERN in clinical trials. The purpose of this registered report was to determine whether ERN shows similar experimental effects (correct vs. error trials) and data quality (intraindividual variability) during three commonly used versions of a flanker task. ERN was recorded from 172 participants during three versions of a flanker task across two study sites. ERN scores showed numerical differences between tasks, raising questions about the comparability of ERN findings across studies and tasks. Although ERN scores from all three versions of the flanker task yielded high data quality and internal consistency, one version did outperform the other two in terms of the size of experimental effects and the data quality. Exploratory analyses of the error positivity (Pe) provided tentative support for the other two versions of the task over the paradigm that appeared optimal for ERN. The present study provides a roadmap for how to statistically compare psychometric characteristics of ERP scores across paradigms and gives preliminary recommendations for flanker tasks to use for ERN‐ and Pe‐focused studies.
Heterogeneous impacts of sudden stops of international capital flows on economic growth
Authors: Fan Xiaoyun , Wang Wei , Xu Zitong , Yang Haoxi 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis paper empirically examines the heterogeneous impacts of sudden stops in international capital flows on economic growth. We identified 24 sudden stop episodes since 1990 and employed a counterfactual method with cross‐economy panel data to evaluate the impact of each episode on economic growth. The results indicate that 14 sudden stop episodes triggered significant economic decline, with varying magnitudes; 9 episodes were accompanied by insignificant economic downturn, and 1 episode was followed by economic growth. We further utilize the treatment effect derived from the counterfactual analysis to investigate the causes of these heterogeneous impacts of sudden stops on economic growth. Results obtained from the panel data model suggest that external debt, financial development, and real investment return are the main driving forces contributing to the observed heterogeneity.
Sirolimus is effective and safe in childhood relapsed‐refractory autoimmune cytopenias: A multicentre study
Authors: Acar Sultan Okur , Tahta Neryal , Al Işık Odaman , Erdem Melek , Gözmen Salih , Karapınar Tuba Hilkay , Kılınç Burcu , Celkan Tiraje , Kirkiz Serap , Koçak Ülker , Ören Hale , Yıldırım Ayşen Türedi , Arslantaş Esra , Ayhan Aylin Canbolat , Oymak Yeşim 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAutoimmune cytopenias are a heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by immune‐mediated destruction of haematopoietic cell lines. Effective and well‐tolerated treatment options for relapsed‐refractory immune cytopenias are limited. In this study, the aim was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of sirolimus in this disease group within the paediatric age group. The study enrolled patients in the paediatric age group who used sirolimus with a diagnosis of immune cytopenia between December 2010 and December 2020, followed at six centres in Turkey. Of the 17 patients, five (29.4%) were treated for autoimmune haemolytic anaemia (AIHA), six (35.2%) for immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) and six (35.2%) for Evans syndrome (ES). The mean response time was 2.7 months (range, 0–9 months). Complete response (CR) and partial response (PR) were obtained in 13 of 17 patients (76.4%) and nonresponse (NR) in four patients (23.5%). Among the 13 patients who achieved CR, three of them were NR in the follow‐up and two of them had remission with low‐dose steroid and sirolimus. Thus, overall response rate (ORR) was achieved in 12 of 17 patients (70.5%). In conclusion, sirolimus may be an effective and safe option in paediatric patients with relapsed‐refractory immune cytopenia.
Cox processes driven by transformed Gaussian processes on linear networks—A review and new contributions
Authors: Møller Jesper , Rasmussen Jakob G. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThere is a lack of point process models on linear networks. For an arbitrary linear network, we consider new models for a Cox process with an isotropic pair correlation function obtained in various ways by transforming an isotropic Gaussian process which is used for driving the random intensity function of the Cox process. In particular, we introduce three model classes given by log Gaussian, interrupted, and permanental Cox processes on linear networks, and consider for the first time statistical procedures and applications for parametric families of such models. Moreover, we construct new simulation algorithms for Gaussian processes on linear networks and discuss whether the geodesic metric or the resistance metric should be used for the kind of Cox processes studied in this paper.
LINC08148 promotes the caveola-mediated endocytosis of Zika virus through upregulating transcription of Src
Authors: Huo Zhiting , Zhu Xuanfeng , Peng Qinyu , Chen Cancan , Yang Xiaoyi , Huang Changbai , Xiang Yincheng , Tian Qingju , Liu Jingyu , Liu Chao , Zhang Ping 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) represent a new group of host factors involved in viral infection. Current study identified an intergenic lncRNA, LINC08148, as a proviral factor of Zika virus (ZIKV) and Dengue virus 2 (DENV2). Knockout (KO) or silencing of LINC08148 decreases the replication of ZIKV and DENV2. LINC08148 mainly acts at the endocytosis step of ZIKV but at a later stage of DENV2. RNA-seq analysis reveals that LINC08148 knockout downregulates the transcription levels of five endocytosis-related genes including
AP2B1
,
CHMP4C
,
DNM1
,
FCHO1
, and
Src
. Among them, loss of Src significantly decreases the uptake of ZIKV.
Trans
-complementation of Src in the LINC08148
KO
cells largely restores the caveola-mediated endocytosis of ZIKV, indicating that the proviral effect of LINC08148 is exerted through Src. Finally, LINC08148 upregulates the
Src
transcription through associating with its transcription factor SP1. This work establishes an essential role of LINC08148 in the ZIKV entry, underscoring a significance of lncRNAs in the viral infection.

IMPORTANCE
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), like proteins, participate in viral infection. However, functions of most lncRNAs remain unknown. In this study, we performed a functional screen based on microarray data and identified a new proviral lncRNA, LINC08148. Then, we uncovered that LINC08148 is involved in the caveola-mediated endocytosis of ZIKV, rather than the classical clathrin-mediated endocytosis. Mechanistically, LINC08148 upregulates the transcription of Src, an initiator of caveola-mediated endocytosis, through binding to its transcription factor SP1. This study identifies a new lncRNA involved in the ZIKV infection, suggesting lncRNAs and cellular proteins are closely linked and cooperate to regulate viral infection.
Whole-genome sequencing of
Paenibacillus phoenicis
isolated from the Phoenix Mars Lander spacecraft assembly facility
Authors: Garcia Andrew , Rivera Romar , Simpson Anna C. , Singh Nitin K. , Green Stefan , Venkateswaran Kasthuri 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT

The genome of
Paenibacillus phoenicis,
a spore-forming bacterium isolated from the spacecraft assembly facility of the Phoenix mission, was generated via hybrid assembly by merging short and long reads. Examining this genome may shed light on strategies to minimize the risk of contaminating extraterrestrial environments with Earth-based microorganisms.
Short-term dietary fiber interventions produce consistent gut microbiome responses across studies
Authors: Rodriguez Cynthia I. , Isobe Kazuo , Martiny Jennifer B. H. 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT

The composition of the human gut microbiome varies tremendously among individuals, making the effects of dietary or treatment interventions difficult to detect and characterize. The consumption of fiber is important for gut health, yet the specific effects of increased fiber intake on the gut microbiome vary across studies. The variation in study outcomes might be due to inter-individual (or inter-population) variation or to the details of the interventions including the types of fiber, length of study, size of cohort, and molecular approaches. Thus, to identify generally (on average) consistent fiber-induced responses in the gut microbiome of healthy individuals, we re-analyzed 16S rRNA sequencing data from 21 dietary fiber interventions from 12 human studies, which included 2,564 fecal samples from 538 subjects across all interventions. Short-term increases in dietary fiber consumption resulted in highly consistent gut bacterial community responses across studies. Increased fiber consumption explained an average of 1.5% of compositional variation (vs 82% of variation attributed to the individual), reduced alpha-diversity, and resulted in phylogenetically conserved responses in relative abundances among bacterial taxa. Additionally, we identified bacterial clades, at approximately the genus level, that were highly consistent in their response (on average, increasing or decreasing in their relative abundance) to dietary fiber interventions across the studies.

IMPORTANCE
Our study is an example of the power of synthesizing and reanalyzing 16S rRNA microbiome data from many intervention studies. Despite high inter-individual variation of the composition of the human gut microbiome, dietary fiber interventions cause a consistent response both in the degree of change and the particular taxa that respond to increased fiber.