bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
NOTES ON LEPIDOPTEROUS LARVÆ
Authors: Saunders W. 
Published: February 2010

Young specimens of the larva of this species were found last year, about half grown, under chips and logs in open fields early in May. They had evidently wintered in the larval state, and had but lately aroused from their winter's sleep. No description of the larva was taken until May 25th, when it was full grown.Length, 1-25 inch, cylindrical.Head: medium sized, flattened, black, with two diverging whitish lines down the front and one across, forming a small triangle ; a patch of dots of the same colour on sides ; palpi whitish, tipped with black ; mandibles black.Body above, dirty brown, with a faint yellowish tinge; a dorsal line of a paler hue, and a subdorsal yellow line, most distinct from fifth to twelfth segments, nearly obsolete on the anterior ones.
LIST OF THE WRITINGS OF THE LATE: COLEMAN TOWNSEND ROBINSON
Authors: Grote Aug. E. 
Published: February 2010

I give here a list of those of the Entomological writings of my late esteemed friend, Mr. Coleman T. Robinson, that have been published under his sole signature.These recommended themselves to the attention of the student by the conscientious statement and adequate illustration of the different species they discuss. The were all writtent subsequent to Mr. Robinson's return in 1868, from a journey to England and Continental Europe, during the prosecution of which a representative collection of European Lepidoptera was acquired, and especial attention was paid to the smaller moths.
ON SOME LEAF-MINING COLEOPTERA
Authors: Chambers V. T. 
Published: February 2010

It is necessary for me to correct a serious error into which I have fallen.At page 165, v. 3, I have described a larva mining the upper surface of leaves of the White Oak (Quercus alba), which seemed to me to answer the requirements of Dr. Clemens' Lithocollctis tubiferella, which also mines the leaves of Quercus alba. The larva was not removed from the mine, but viewed through the integument.
INSECTS OF THE NORTHERN PARTS OF BRITISH AMERICA
Authors: The Editor  
Published: February 2010

[173] 229. Callidium simile Kirby.–Lenerh of body 7 lines. A single specimen taken with the preceding specics.This species in most respects is so like C. M. proteus, that I had set it
by as another variety; but upon further consideration I am induced to give it as a distinct, sincc it differs not only in colour but in the form and sculpture of the prothorax and other parts.
Maternal-care behaviour inAdomerus variegatus(Hemiptera: Cydnidae)
Authors: Mukai Hiromi , Hironaka Mantaro , Baba Narumi , Yanagi Takao , Inadomi Koichi , Filippi Lisa , Nomakuchi Shintaro 
Published: February 2010

AbstractSubsociality involving provisioning for offspring has been reported for one shield bug and three burrower bug species (Hemiptera: Pentatomoidea: Parastrachiidae and Cydnidae: Sehirinae). We present the first report of subsocial behaviour in the burrower bugAdomerus variegatus(Signoret), focusing on manifestations of maternal care, specifically the production of trophic eggs, guarding of offspring, and progressive provisioning. In our study, each female produced an egg mass that included some trophic eggs. Prior to nymphal hatch, females remained in their nests and showed egg mass guarding behaviour. Mothers started provisioning behaviour a few hours after nymphal hatch. Each mother dragged a seed (larger than her body) with her proboscis to the nest as food for the nymphs. These findings suggest thatA. variegatusshows maternal-care behaviours similar to those reported in some other pentatomoid species and that trophic egg production and nest provisioning have evolved as interrelated processes.
Density and location of simulated signs of injury affect efficacy of ground surveys for Asian longhorned beetle
Authors: Turgeon Jean J. , Pedlar John , de Groot Peter , Smith Michael T. , Jones Chuck , Orr Mary , Gasman Ben 
Published: February 2010

AbstractSurveys for signs of attack by Asian long-horned beetles,Anoplophora glabripennis(Motschulsky) (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae), currently rely upon visual examination of trees to discover signs of attack. By embedding simulatedA. glabripennisoviposition pits and exit holes on open-grown Norway maples,Acer platanoidesL. (Aceraceae), we evaluated the effect of sign density, height (below or above 2.5m), and position (bole or branch) when foliage was present or absent on inspector ability to distinguish trees with or without signs. From this, we quantified detectability, or the proportion of trees correctly identified as infested, and determined the time taken to do so. Effectiveness in detecting trees with signs improved when sign density increased, when signs were below 2.5m, and when oviposition pits were located on boles and exit holes on branches. These main findings require some caveats, due to a number of significant interactions. Foliage presence/absence had no apparent influence on effectiveness; possible reasons are provided for this result. Time-to-find curves, which illustrated the proportion of inspectors who accurately identified an infested tree as a function of survey duration, revealed that for most treatment combinations, most infested trees were detected within the first 2 min of survey time. These findings provide baseline data to assist managers in designing effective protocols for ground surveys ofA. glabripennis.
Performance of the specialist herbivorePlutella xylostella(Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) on Brassicaceae and non-Brassicaceae species
Authors: Sarfraz R.M. , Dosdall L.M. , Keddie B.A. 
Published: February 2010

AbstractThe diamondback moth,Plutella xylostella(L.) (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae), is considered oligophagous on Brassicaceae. We determined the preferences and performance ofP. xylostellaon canola,Brassica napusL., and flixweed,Descurainia sophia(L.) WebbexPrantl (Brassicaceae), spider-plant,Cleome hasslerianaChod. (Capparaceae), and garden nasturtium,Tropaeolum majusL. (Tropaeolaceae). Females deposited most eggs onB. napus;T. majuswas least preferred. The rate of survival from neonate to pupa was highest onB. napusfollowed byC. hassleriana,T. majus, andD. sophia. The rate of development of female larvae on Brassicaceae was similar to that on non-Brassicaceae; pupal development was slowest on non-hosts. Female pupae were heaviest onB. napusand lightest onD. sophia. Adult females were heaviest when reared onB. napusand lightest onT. majusandD. sophia. Females reared onD. sophiahad the smallest forewings; forewing areas for females on other plants were similar. Females reared onB. napusandC. hasslerianalived longer without food than those reared onD. sophiaorT. majus. Males reared onT. majuslived for the shortest time without food. This specialist herbivore can exploit a range of food plants, including suboptimal Brassicaceae and species from other families. This trait appears to facilitate survival and reproduction ofP. xylostellawhen preferred food plants are limiting or absent.
Nesting biology and subsociality inCeratina calcarata(Hymenoptera: Apidae)
Authors: Rehan Sandra M. , Richards Miriam H. 
Published: February 2010

AbstractTo evaluate sociality in small carpenter bees (CeratinaLatreille), we studied the life history and nesting biology of a common eastern North American species,Ceratina(Zadontomerus)calcarataRobertson. Pan-trap and nest collections throughout the active season (May to September 2006) were used to assessC. calcarata’sseasonal phenology and nesting biology in southern Ontario. Adults overwintered in their natal nests. Males emerged in early May and occupied preexisting hollows in twigs and stems. Females emerged from hibernacula 2 weeks later, founding new nests. Nest founding and provisioning occurred throughout the spring; females remained with developing brood through the summer. Complete nests contained, on average, 6.9 offspring, with egg-to-adult development averaging 46 days.Ceratina calcaratais subsocial rather than solitary: mothers are long-lived and nest-loyal, and care for offspring from egg to adulthood. Subsociality is found in all behaviourally classified small carpenter bees, while some species cross the boundary into social life, makingCeratinaan important genus for the study of the transition between solitary and social life.
The Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress-Inducible Protein, Herp, Is a Potential Triggering Antigen for Anti-DNA Response
Authors: Hirabayashi Yasuhiko , Oka Yumiko , Ikeda Tomoko , Fujii Hiroshi , Ishii Tomonori , Sasaki Takeshi , Harigae Hideo 
Published: February 2010

Abstract
Anti-dsDNA Abs are highly specific indicators of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and play a pathogenic role in lupus nephritis. Human anti-dsDNA Abs are most likely generated by an Ag-driven mechanism. However, the Ag responsible for triggering anti-dsDNA Ab production has not been identified. To search for proteins that are cross-reactive with anti-dsDNA Abs, we screened a cDNA library from a patient with SLE with single-chain Fv of O-81 human anti-ss/dsDNA mAb by using a two-hybrid system. Homocysteine-induced ER protein (Herp), an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-inducible ER membrane protein, was identified and shown to bind to original O-81 Ab and human lupus anti-dsDNA Abs. Some IgG purified from patients with active SLE by Herp-immobilized affinity chromatography bound to dsDNA. BALB/c mice immunized with Herp showed IgG anti-dsDNA Abs, IgG anti-nucleosome Abs, and glomerular IgG deposition. Herp reactivity was strongly positive in a proportion of PBLs from patients with active SLE, but undetectable in those from healthy controls. Moreover, activation of caspases was observed in the Herp-positive cells, implying that ER stress-induced apoptosis likely occurs in patients with active SLE. Herp is exposed on blebs of ER stress-induced apoptotic cells, suggesting that Herp can be recognized by immune cells. These results indicate that Herp mimics structural determinants of DNA immunologically and can be immunogenic in vivo. Thus, Herp represents a candidate autoantigen for anti-DNA Abs. This study may help explain how common environmental factors induce the production of anti-DNA Abs and contribute the development of SLE.
The Human IL-3/Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor Locus Is Epigenetically Silent in Immature Thymocytes and Is Progressively Activated during T Cell Development
Authors: Mirabella Fabio , Baxter Euan W. , Boissinot Marjorie , James Sally R. , Cockerill Peter N. 
Published: February 2010

AbstractThe closely linked IL-3 and GM-CSF genes are located within a cluster of cytokine genes co-expressed in activated T cells. Their activation in response to TCR signaling pathways is controlled by specific, inducible upstream enhancers. To study the developmental regulation of this locus in T lineage cells, we created a transgenic mouse model encompassing the human IL-3 and GM-CSF genes plus the known enhancers. We demonstrated that the IL-3/GM-CSF locus undergoes progressive stages of activation, with stepwise increases in active modifications and the proportion of cytokine-expressing cells, throughout the course of T cell differentiation. Looking first at immature cells, we found that the IL-3/GM-CSF locus was epigenetically silent in CD4/CD8 double positive thymocytes, thereby minimizing the potential for inappropriate activation during the course of TCR selection. Furthermore, we demonstrated that the locus did not reach its maximal transcriptional potential until after T cells had undergone blast cell transformation to become fully activated proliferating T cells. Inducible locus activation in mature T cells was accompanied by noncoding transcription initiating within the enhancer elements. Significantly, we also found that memory CD4 positive T cells, but not naive T cells, maintain a remodeled chromatin structure resembling that seen in T blast cells.
Dendritic Cells Derived from Hemozoin-Loaded Monocytes Display a Partial Maturation Phenotype that Promotes HIV-1 Trans-Infection of CD4+ T Cells and Virus Replication
Authors: Diou Juliette , Tardif Mélanie R. , Barat Corinne , Tremblay Michel J. 
Published: February 2010

Abstract
Coinfection of HIV-1 patients with Plasmodium falciparum, the etiological agent of malaria, results in a raise of viral load and an acceleration of disease progression. The primary objective of this study was to investigate whether the malarial pigment hemozoin (HZ), a heme by-product of hemoglobin digestion by malaria parasites, can affect HIV-1 transmission by monocytes-derived dendritic cells (DCs) to CD4+ T cells when HZ is initially internalized in monocytes before their differentiation in DCs. We demonstrate in this study that HZ treatment during the differentiation process induces an intermediate maturation phenotype when compared with immature and fully mature DCs. Furthermore, the DC-mediated transfer of HIV-1 is enhanced in presence of HZ, a phenomenon that may be linked with the capacity of HZ-loaded cells to interact and activate CD4+ T cells. Altogether our findings suggest a new mechanism that could partially explain the increased HIV-1 virus production during a coinfection with P. falciparum. Understanding the multifaceted interactions between P. falciparum and HIV-1 is an important challenge that could lead to the development of new treatment strategies.
IL-4 Regulates Skin Homeostasis and the Predisposition toward Allergic Skin Inflammation
Authors: Sehra Sarita , Yao Yongxue , Howell Michael D. , Nguyen Evelyn T. , Kansas Geoffrey S. , Leung Donald Y. M. , Travers Jeffrey B. , Kaplan Mark H. 
Published: February 2010

AbstractIL-4 promotes the development of Th2 cells and allergic inflammation. In atopic dermatitis lesions, IL-4 decreases the expression of multiple genes associated with innate defense, including genes in the epidermal differentiation complex (EDC) that regulate epidermal barrier function. However, it is not clear whether IL-4 also contributes to homeostatic control of EDC genes. In this report, we demonstrate that expression of EDC genes and barrier function is increased in the absence of endogenous IL-4. Mice that express a constitutively active Stat6 (Stat6VT) are prone to the development of allergic skin inflammation and have decreased expression of EDC genes. IL-4 deficiency protects Stat6VT transgenic mice from the development of allergic skin inflammation and decreased recovery time in barrier function following skin irritation, with a concomitant increase in EDC gene expression. These data suggest that IL-4 plays an important role in regulating epidermal homeostasis and innate barrier function.
Chemokine Scavenger D6 Is Expressed by Trophoblasts and Aids the Survival of Mouse Embryos Transferred into Allogeneic Recipients
Authors: Madigan Judith , Freeman Dilys J. , Menzies Fiona , Forrow Steve , Nelson Scott M. , Young Anne , Sharkey Andrew , Moffett Ashley , Graham Gerard J. , Greer Ian A. , Rot Antal , Nibbs Robert J. B. 
Published: February 2010

Abstract
Proinflammatory CC chemokines are thought to drive recruitment of maternal leukocytes into gestational tissues and regulate extravillous trophoblast migration. The atypical chemokine receptor D6 binds many of these chemokines and is highly expressed by the human placenta. D6 is thought to act as a chemokine scavenger because, when ectopically expressed in cell lines in vitro, it efficiently internalizes proinflammatory CC chemokines and targets them for destruction in the absence of detectable chemokine-induced signaling. Moreover, D6 suppresses inflammation in many mouse tissues, and notably, D6-deficient fetuses in D6-deficient female mice show increased susceptibility to inflammation-driven resorption. In this paper, we report strong anti-D6 immunoreactivity, with specific intracellular distribution patterns, in trophoblast-derived cells in human placenta, decidua, and gestational membranes throughout pregnancy and in trophoblast disease states of hydatidiform mole and choriocarcinoma. We show, for the first time, that endogenous D6 in a human choriocarcinoma-derived cell line can mediate progressive chemokine scavenging and that the D6 ligand CCL2 can specifically associate with human syncytiotrophoblasts in term placenta in situ. Moreover, despite strong chemokine production by gestational tissues, levels of D6-binding chemokines in maternal plasma decrease during pregnancy, even in women with pre-eclampsia, a disease associated with increased maternal inflammation. In mice, D6 is not required for syngeneic or semiallogeneic fetal survival in unchallenged mice, but interestingly, it does suppress fetal resorption after embryo transfer into fully allogeneic recipients. These data support the view that trophoblast D6 scavenges maternal chemokines at the fetomaternal interface and that, in some circumstances, this can help to ensure fetal survival.
Neisseria gonorrhoeae Enhances HIV-1 Infection of Primary Resting CD4+ T Cells through TLR2 Activation
Authors: Ding Jian , Rapista Aprille , Teleshova Natalia , Mosoyan Goar , Jarvis Gary A. , Klotman Mary E. , Chang Theresa L. 
Published: February 2010

Abstract
Sexually transmitted infections increase the likelihood of HIV-1 transmission. We investigated the effect of Neisseria gonorrheae (gonococcus [GC]) exposure on HIV replication in primary resting CD4+ T cells, a major HIV target cell during the early stage of sexual transmission of HIV. GC and TLR2 agonists, such as peptidylglycan (PGN), Pam3CSK4, and Pam3C-Lip, a GC-derived synthetic lipopeptide, but not TLR4 agonists including LPS or GC lipooligosaccharide enhanced HIV-1 infection of primary resting CD4+ T cells after viral entry. Pretreatment of CD4+ cells with PGN also promoted HIV infection. Anti-TLR2 Abs abolished the HIV enhancing effect of GC and Pam3C-Lip, indicating that GC-mediated enhancement of HIV infection of resting CD4+ T cells was through TLR2. IL-2 was required for TLR2–mediated HIV enhancement. PGN and GC induced cell surface expression of T cell activation markers and HIV coreceptors, CCR5 and CXCR4. The maximal postentry HIV enhancing effect was achieved when PGN was added immediately after viral exposure. Kinetic studies and analysis of HIV DNA products indicated that GC exposure and TLR2 activation enhanced HIV infection at the step of nuclear import. We conclude that GC enhanced HIV infection of primary resting CD4+ T cells through TLR2 activation, which both increased the susceptibility of primary CD4+ T cells to HIV infection as well as enhanced HIV-infected CD4+ T cells at the early stage of HIV life cycle after entry. This study provides a molecular mechanism by which nonulcerative sexually transmitted infections mediate enhancement of HIV infection and has implication for HIV prevention and therapeutics.
Adenosine Deaminase Modulation of Telomerase Activity and Replicative Senescence in Human CD8 T Lymphocytes
Authors: Parish Stanley T. , Kim Sarah , Sekhon Rekha K. , Wu Jennifer E. , Kawakatsu Yukako , Effros Rita B. 
Published: February 2010

Abstract
Increased proportions of CD8 T lymphocytes lacking expression of the CD28 costimulatory receptor have been documented during both aging and chronic infection with HIV-1, and their abundance correlates with numerous deleterious clinical outcomes. CD28-negative cells also arise in cell cultures of CD8+CD28+ following multiple rounds of Ag-driven proliferation, reaching the end stage of replicative senescence. The present study investigates the role of a second T cell costimulatory receptor component, adenosine deaminase (ADA), on the process of replicative senescence. We had previously reported that CD28 signaling is required for optimal telomerase upregulation. In this study, we show that the CD8+CD28+ T lymphocytes that are ADA+ have significantly greater telomerase activity than those that do not express ADA and that ADA is progressively lost as cultures progress to senescence. Because ADA converts adenosine to inosine, cells lacking this enzyme might be subject to prolonged exposure to adenosine, which has immunosuppressive effects. Indeed, we show that chronic exposure of CD8 T lymphocytes to exogenous adenosine accelerates the process of replicative senescence, causing a reduction in overall proliferative potential, reduced telomerase activity, and blunted IL-2 gene transcription. The loss of CD28 expression was accelerated, in part due to adenosine-induced increases in constitutive caspase-3, known to act on the CD28 promoter. These findings provide the first evidence for a role of ADA in modulating the process of replicative senescence and suggest that strategies to enhance this enzyme may lead to novel therapeutic approaches for pathologies associated with increases in senescent CD8 T lymphocytes.
Image-guided percutaneous drainage of an emphysematous bulla with a fluid level
Authors: Kalra Naveen , Aiyappan Senthil Kumar , Jindal Surinder K , Khandelwal Niranjan 
Published: February 2010

AbstractWe report here a case of a large emphysematous bulla with a fluid level that was managed successfully by percutaneous catheter drainage in a 50 year-old man with chronic obstructive airway disease.
Refractory post visual internal urethrotomy bleeding managed by angioembolization
Authors: Dhabalia Jayesh V , Nelivigi Girish G , Punia Mahendra Singh , Kumar Vikash 
Published: February 2010

AbstractPost visual internal urethrotomy (VIU) bleeding is usually treated successfully with local compression. Angioembolization for post VIU bleeding has not been previously reported to the best of our knowledge. This is a case report of a 55-year-old man who was referred with persistent per urethral bleeding around a Foley catheter, three days following VIU. When standard methods of treatment were unsuccessful, the bleeding was controlled by embolizing the bulbourethral artery with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) particles.
CT mimics of peritoneal carcinomatosis
Authors: Smiti S , Rajagopal KV 
Published: February 2010

AbstractPeritoneal carcinomatosis is a term used to describe widespread metastases of cancerous tumors in the peritoneal cavity. It is most common in carcinomas of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) and ovaries, and must be considered to be the main diagnosis even when the primary is not known. A wide variety of disease processes mimic peritoneal carcinomatosis. Precise diagnosis based on imaging alone is often difficult and very often the final diagnosis is only obtained after appropriate histopathology or microbiology.
Cavitatory mesenteric lymph node syndrome: A rare entity
Authors: Vishal Kalia , Gill Anakhvir ,   Vibhuti
Published: February 2010

AbstractCeliac disease is a gluten sensitive enteropathy that involves an abnormal immunological response to glutens in wheat, rye etc. It predominantly involves the small intestinal mucosa, though, extra luminal manifestations can also occur. One rare extraluminal manifestation is cavitatory mesenteric lymph node syndrome. It occurs in refractory celiac disease and is associated with poor prognosis due to various complications. The diagnosis is often made on imaging when cystic mesenteric lymph nodes with fat-fluid levels are seen and this can then be confirmed by histopathological examination. We recently had a typical case where we were able to make this diagnosis.