bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The ‘irrelevance of irrelevance’ in entrepreneurial finance: modeling the cost of capital in start‐ups beyond Modigliani–Miller
Authors: Koch Lambert T. , Kuhn Wolfgang , Gruenhagen Marc , Hisrich Robert D. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractA formal model of the cost of capital specific to new ventures can be used as a platform for discussion on entrepreneurial finance in the aftermath of the 2008–2009 banking crisis.
Discrimination of orange beverage emulsions with different formulations using multivariate analysis
Authors: Mirhosseini Hamed , Tan Chin Ping 
Published: March 2010

AbstractBACKGROUND: The constituents in a food emulsion interact with each other, either physically or chemically, determining the overall physico‐chemical and organoleptic properties of the final product. Thus, the main objective of present study was to investigate the effect of emulsion components on beverage emulsion properties.RESULTS: In most cases, the second‐order polynomial regression models with no significant (P > 0.05) lack of fit and high adjusted coefficient of determination (adjusted R2, 0.851–0.996) were significantly fitted to explain the beverage emulsion properties as function of main emulsion components. The main effect of gum arabic was found to be significant (P < 0.05) in all response regression models.CONCLUSION: Orange beverage emulsion containing 222.0 g kg−1 gum arabic, 2.4 g kg−1 xanthan gum and 152.7 g kg−1 orange oil was predicted to provide the desirable emulsion properties. The present study suggests that the concentration of gum arabic should be considered as a primary critical factor for the formulation of orange beverage emulsion. This study also indicated that the interaction effect between xanthan gum and orange oil showed the most significant (P < 0.05) effect among all interaction effects influencing all the physicochemical properties except for density. Copyright © 2010 Society of Chemical Industry
Differentiation of bacteria using fatty acid profiles from gas chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry
Authors: Li Yanyan , Wu Shengfang , Wang Liping , Li Ye , Shi Feng , Wang Xiaoyuan 
Published: March 2010

AbstractBACKGROUND: Fatty acids are essential components in cell membranes of bacteria, and they determine the different structures of lipids and lipid A. Therefore, fatty acids are good targets for development of rapid and reliable methods for differentiation of bacteria.RESULTS: Here we report fatty acid distributions in three different bacteria—Escherichia coli, Francisella novicida and Bacillus subtilis—studied by using gas chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. Different fatty acid profiles were observed in the three bacteria. Hydroxyl fatty acids were observed in E. coli and F. novicida, but not in B. subtilis. Carbocyclic fatty acids were observed in E. coli but not in F. novicida or B. subtilis. Methyl‐branched fatty acids were observed in B. subtilis but not in E. coli or F. novicida. Although saturated and unsaturated fatty acids were all observed in the three bacteria, their chain lengths and distribution patterns were different.CONCLUSION: The results indicate that the fatty acid profile in a given bacterium is highly specific, and gas chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry is a rapid and sensitive method for the identification or detection of bacteria. Copyright © 2010 Society of Chemical Industry
Effect of ethanol treatment on physiological and quality attributes of fresh‐cut eggplant
Authors: Hu Wenzhong , Jiang Aili , Tian Mixia , Liu Chenghui , Wang Yanying 
Published: March 2010

AbstractBACKGROUND: Fresh‐cut eggplants, as other vegetables, have relatively short shelf life because of the large amount of tissue disruption and increased metabolism. There is a very rapid onset of enzymatic browning and tissue softening with consequent decrease in sensorial and nutritional quality. To reduce respiration and maintain the quality, various treatments have been applied to find the optimum conditions that provide more fresh and natural fresh‐cut produce after minimal processing. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of ethanol vapour treatment on physiological and quality attributes of fresh‐cut eggplant during the extension of shelf life.RESULTS: The fresh‐cut eggplant treated with ethanol vapour showed that respiration rate and occurrence of enzymatic browning were reduced, and higher total phenol content was maintained during 8 days of storage at 10 °C. The polyphenol oxidase and peroxidase in fresh‐cut eggplant were also inhibited significantly by ethanol treatment. The ethanol treatment reduced the weight loss and maintained the integrity of cell membranes, as confirmed by the low value of electrolyte leakage.CONCLUSION: The ethanol treatment applied for fresh‐cut eggplant was a practical approach to reduce the activity of physiological metabolism and maintain the fresh quality of fresh‐cut eggplant. The experimental results revealed that ethanol treatment was effective for extending the shelf life of fresh‐cut eggplant as a cheap, environmentally acceptable method. Copyright © 2010 Society of Chemical Industry
PHR1 is a vesicle‐bound protein abundantly expressed in mature olfactory neurons
Authors: Tan Bruce , Brown David , Xu Shunbin , Valle David 
Published: March 2010

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis.To characterize the role of Phr1, a gene highly expressed in primary sensory neurons where it encodes an integral membrane protein with an N‐terminal pleckstrin homology domain and a C‐terminal transmembrane domain, in the olfactory system.Methods.We studied the immunelocalization of the PHR1 protein in mouse olfactory epithelium both at steady state and during regeneration following methyl bromide (MeBr) exposure using scanning confocal microscopy. Additionally, we examined the electrophysiologic role of Phr1 in olfaction and short‐term olfactory adaptation.Results.We found that PHR1 is abundantly and specifically expressed in olfactory neurons. It is widely distributed in punctate, vesiculated organelles throughout the cell bodies, axons, and glomeruli of primary olfactory neurons but is specifically excluded from the olfactory cilia. In the regenerating olfactory epithelium, PHR1 expression appears at 14 days following MeBr ablation coinciding with the onset of olfactory neuron maturity. Despite the abundant and specific expression throughout the olfactory neurons, mice lacking Phr1 did not exhibit differences in the distribution of the components of olfactory signal transduction system, the rate of olfactory regeneration following MeBr exposure, olfactory function, or short‐term adaptation to odors.Conclusions.Phr1 is widely and abundantly expressed throughout mature olfactory neurons and other primary sensory neurons, but its absence does not appear to affect olfactory morphology, regeneration, sensory function, or adaptation. The exact function of Phr1 remains to be discovered. Laryngoscope, 2010
Sleep apnea, daytime somnolence, and idiopathic dizziness—A novel association
Authors: Sowerby Leigh J. , Rotenberg Brian , Brine Meggan , George Charles F. P. , Parnes Lorne S. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:To determine if an association exists between sleep apnea, daytime somnolence, and chronic idiopathic dizziness.Study Design:Case‐control study of new patients presenting to a tertiary neuro‐otologic practice. A total of 46 subjects with idiopathic dizziness (ID), 20 positive controls with dizziness (benign paroxysmal positional vertigo [BPV]), and 69 negative controls with hearing loss (HL) but no dizziness were enrolled.Methods:Participants who were patients diagnosed with the above conditions and who met all other inclusion criteria completed a sleep questionnaire and had a complete physical exam and investigations to establish or exclude a neuro‐otologic diagnosis. They were subsequently evaluated for risk of symptomatic sleep disturbance based on the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), the Berlin Questionnaire, and the Multivariable Apnea Risk Index (MAP). Statistical analysis was carried out using SPSS (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL).Results:There was no significant demographic difference among the groups in terms of age, sex, body mass index, neck size, alcohol consumption, or smoking. Using a cutoff of both 10 and 12 on the ESS, the ID were more likely to have significant daytime somnolence than the HL group, with a likelihood ratio (LR) of 7.8 for the ESS 12 score (P = .021) and 7.1 for the ESS 10 score (P = .029). Using the MAP score, a statistically significant difference between the ID group and both the BPV group (LR 3.99, P = .046) and the HL group (LR 5.46, P = .019) was found.Conclusions:This study suggests that a previously undescribed link between idiopathic dizziness, daytime somnolence, and sleep apnea might exist. Prospective investigation is warranted to determine whether treatment of any sleep issues resolves symptoms of idiopathic dizziness.
Triamcinolone‐impregnated nasal dressing following endoscopic sinus surgery: A randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled study
Authors: Côté David W. J. , Wright Erin D. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:To evaluate the impact of steroid‐impregnated absorbable nasal dressing on wound healing and surgical outcomes after endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS).Study Design:A prospective, randomized, double‐blinded, placebo‐controlled trial.Methods:Chronic rhinosinusitis patients with polyposis who were to undergo bilateral endoscopic sinus surgery were recruited and randomized to receive triamcinolone‐impregnated bioresorbable dressing (Nasopore; Stryker Canada, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada) in one nasal cavity and saline‐impregnated dressing contralaterally. Postoperative healing assessments of edema, crusting, secretions, and scarring were done at postoperative days 7, 14, 28 and at 3 and 6 months using validated Lund‐Kennedy and Perioperative Sinus Endoscopy (POSE) scores.Results:Analysis of 19 enrolled patients having completed observation shows no significant difference between the cavity scores preoperatively using both the POSE and Lund‐Kennedy scores. There was, however, a statistically significant difference at day 7 and 14 in both the Lund‐Kennedy (P = .04 and P = .03, respectively) and POSE scores (P = .03 and P = .001, respectively) for the treatment and control groups, and a significant difference was also detected between the groups at 3‐ and 6‐month observations (Lund‐Kennedy, P = .007 and P = .02, respectively; POSE, P = .049 and P = .01, respectively).Conclusions:Data analysis suggests a significant improvement in early postoperative healing in nasal cavities receiving triamcinolone‐impregnated absorbable nasal packing following ESS and is also associated with improved healing up to 6 months postoperatively.
An experimental model to investigate initial tracheal anastomosis strength
Authors: Schilt Peter N. , McRae Bryan R. , Akkus Ozan , Cordes Susan R. , Halum Stacey L. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:Early anastomotic dehiscence is a devastating complication of segmental tracheal resection. Although wound healing, patient comorbidities, and anastomotic tension are all influential factors, there is a paucity of information available on initial tracheal stability after various tracheal anastomosis techniques in human tissue.Study Design:Prospective cadaver study.Methods:We present a novel, inexpensive pulley‐based system to apply symmetric tension on the trachea in a longitudinal direction to the point of anastomotic dehiscence. The validity of this mechanism was confirmed with trials using incrementally increasing quantities of the same suture type. Twenty‐four trials were then performed on 12 cadaver tracheas (six fresh and six preserved) to compare anastomotic strength with two commonly used suture materials (3‐0 polyglactin [Vicryl] vs. 3‐0 polydioxanone [PDS]).Results:Validation studies demonstrated that the force increased appropriately with an increasing number of sutures tested. In the tracheal anastomoses, tracheal suture pull‐through was the most common mechanism of dehiscence, regardless of suture type. No significant difference in anastomotic stability was detected between the fresh versus preserved cadaver tracheas. The mean anastomotic strength was slightly greater for Vicryl (179.9 N) when compared to PDS (161.5 N), but the difference did not reach significance (P = .207).Conclusions:We introduce an inexpensive tool for measuring initial tracheal anastomosis stability with human cadavers, which demonstrated no difference in the tracheal pull‐through strength of Vicryl and PDS.
Evaluation of the effectiveness of airway fluoroscopy in diagnosing patients with laryngomalacia
Authors: Huntley Colin , Carr Michele M. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:To re‐evaluate the usefulness of airway fluoroscopy (AF) in diagnosing laryngomalacia and to determine the effectiveness of AF in diagnosing laryngomalacia depending on the specific lesion.Study Design:Retrospective chart review.Methods:Patients from 0 to 12 months of age who presented with stridor were evaluated. Those who underwent AF and flexible fiberoptic laryngoscopy (FFL) and/or direct laryngoscopy (DL) were included in the study. The diagnosis made through AF, FFL, and/or DL were recorded with those considered definitive made through FFL and/or DL. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of AF compared to FFL and DL were calculated. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of AF with regard to specific sites of laryngeal collapse were calculated.Results:AF showed an inconsistent sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive value compared to FFL and DL with regard to specific lesions. AF had an overall sensitivity of 35%, specificity of 67%, positive predictive value of 78%, and negative predictive value of 23% when compared to FFL in diagnosing laryngomalacia. When compared to DL, AF had an overall sensitivity of 44%, specificity of 60%, positive predictive value of 67%, and negative predictive value of 38% when diagnosing laryngomalacia.Conclusions:AF is a commonly used modality in the diagnostic workup of a patient with stridor. The effectiveness of AF is limited when compared to endoscopy when used for the evaluation of laryngomalacia.
Land cover change and its relation with population dynamics in Burkina Faso, West Africa
Authors: Ouedraogo I. , Tigabu M. , Savadogo P. , Compaoré H. , Odén P. C. , Ouadba J. M. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractIn the tropics, conversion of woodland and forest into cropland and pasture has risen drastically during the last decade. Rapid population growth and poverty are believed to be the main factors of change in land use in these zones. Southern Burkina Faso experienced rapid population growth due to massive peasants' migration from the north and central regions of the Country, exacerbated by decreasing rainfall and arable land in the area of origin. This paper assessed the impact of such increased population on land use change in the attracting zones from 1986 to 2006. Satellite images were used to measure changes in land cover types over time and national population census data were used to examine the population dynamics over the same time. Results showed that the forest land was progressively converted to croplands at an annualized rate of 0·96 per cent, while the population density shifted from 17 inhabitants per km2 in 1986 to 30 inhabitants per km2 in 2006. Pearson correlation analysis revealed the positive role of population size and distribution in explaining land cover change. Policy initiatives that will lead to better environmental management are recommended. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effect of GroEL on Thermal Aggregation of Glycogen Phosphorylase b from Rabbit Skeletal Muscle
Authors: Eronina Tatyana B. , Chebotareva Natalia A. , Bazhina Svetlana G. , Kleymenov Sergey Y. , Naletova Irina N. , Muronetz Vladimir I. , Kurganov Boris I. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractThe suppression of the thermal aggregation of glycogen phosphorylase b (Phb) from rabbit skeletal muscle by the chaperonin GroEL is studied using dynamic light scattering. It is shown that the decrease in the rate of Phb aggregation under the action of GroEL is due to the transition of the aggregation process from the kinetic regime, wherein the rate of aggregation is limited by diffusion of the interacting particles, to a regime where the sticking probability for the colliding particles becomes lower than one (reaction‐limited cluster‐cluster aggregation). The analytical‐ultracentrifugation data show that elevated temperatures induce dissociation of the dimeric Phb. The formation of a complex between the denatured monomeric form of Phb and the dissociated forms of GroEL is detected during heating at 46 °C.magnified image
Response of Human Corneal Fibroblasts on Silk Film Surface Patterns
Authors: Gil Eun Seok , Park Sang‐Hyug , Marchant Jeff , Omenetto Fiorenzo , Kaplan David L. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractTransparent, biodegradable, mechanically robust, and surface‐patterned silk films were evaluated for the effect of surface morphology on human corneal fibroblast (hCF) cell proliferation, orientation, and ECM deposition and alignment. A series of dimensionally different surface groove patterns were prepared from optically graded glass substrates followed by casting poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) replica molds. The features on the patterned silk films showed an array of asymmetric triangles and displayed 37–342 nm depths and 445–3 582 nm widths. hCF DNA content on all patterned films were not significantly different from that on flat silk films after 4 d in culture. However, the depth and width of the grooves influenced cell alignment, while the depth differences affected cell orientation; overall, deeper and narrower grooves induced more hCF orientation. Over 14 d in culture, cell layers and actin filament organization demonstrated that confluent hCFs and their cytoskeletal filaments were oriented along the direction of the silk film patterned groove axis. Collagen type V and proteoglycans (decorin and biglycan), important markers of corneal stromal tissue, were highly expressed with alignment. Understanding corneal stromal fibroblast responses to surface features on a protein‐based biomaterial applicable in vivo for corneal repair potential suggests options to improve corneal tissue mimics. Further, the approaches provide fundamental biomaterial designs useful for bioengineering oriented tissue layers, an endemic feature in most biological tissue structures that lead to critical tissue functions.magnified image
The Dirichlet problem for second order parabolic operators in non‐cylindrical domains
Authors: Argiolas Roberto , Grimaldi Anna Piro 
Published: March 2010

AbstractIn this paper we develope a perturbation theory for second order parabolic operators in non‐divergence form. In particular we study the solvability of the Dirichlet problem in non cylindrical domains with Lp ‐data on the parabolic boundary (© 2010 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Propagation of singularities for Cauchy problems of semilinear thermoelastic systems with microtemperatures
Authors: Yang Lin , Huang Lihong 
Published: March 2010

AbstractThe propagation of singularities of solutions to the Cauchy problem of a semilinear thermoelastic system with microtemperatures in one space variable is studied. First, by using a diagonalization argument of phase space analysis, the coupled thermoelastic system with microtemperatures will be decoupled microlocally. Second, using a classical bootstrap argument, the property of finite propagation speed of singularities for the semilinear thermoelastic system is obtained. Finally, it is also shown that the microlocal weak singularities propagate along the null bicharacteristics of the hyperbolic operators of the coupled semilinear system (© 2010 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Some new characterizations on spaces of functions with bounded mean oscillation
Authors: Yang Dachun , Zhou Yuan 
Published: March 2010

AbstractLet X be a space of homogeneous type. The authors introduce some generalized approximations to the identity (for short, GAI) with optimal decay conditions in the sense that these conditions are the sufficient and necessary conditions for these GAI's to characterize BMO(X), the space of functions with bounded mean oscillation on X. The authors also obtain a new John‐Nirenberg‐type inequality associated with GAI's, which leads some new characterizations of BMO(X) in terms of rearrangement functions, and certain maximal functions related to GAI's. Some variants of these characterizations for BMO‐type spaces on X of Duong and Yan are also established. Moreover, the equivalence between BMO and the space of BMO type on Ahlfors n ‐regular quasimetric measure spaces is obtained, which confirms an assertion of Duong and Yan (© 2010 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
The asymptotic zero distribution of sections and tails of classical Lindelöf functions
Authors: Ostrovskii Iossif , Zheltukhina Natalya 
Published: March 2010

AbstractWe study the asymptotic (as n → ∞) zero distribution of
In (z, μ, Γλ) = (1 ‐ μ)sn (z, Γλ) ‐ μtn +1(z, Γλ),
where μ ∈ ℂ, sn is nth section, tn is nth tail of the power series of classical Lindelöf function Γλ of order λ. Our results generalize the results by A. Edrei, E. B. Saff, and R. S. Varga for the case μ = 0 (© 2010 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Bilinear isometries on subspaces of continuous functions
Authors: Font Juan J. , Sanchis M. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractLet A and B be strongly separating linear subspaces of C0(X) and C0(Y), respectively, and assume that ∂A ≠ ∅︁ (∂A stands for the set of generalized peak points for A) and ∂B ≠ ∅︁. Let T: A × B → C0(Z) be a bilinear isometry. Then there exist a nonempty subset Z0 of Z, a surjective continuous mapping h: Z0 → ∂A × ∂B and a norm‐one continuous function a: Z0 → K such that T (f, g)(z) = a (z)f (πx (h (z))g (πy (h (z)) for all z ∈ Z0 and every pair (f, g) ∈ A × B. These results can be applied, for example, to non‐unital function algebras (© 2010 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Heterogeneous “Organoclick” Derivatization of Polysaccharides: Photochemical Thiol‐ene Click Modification of Solid Cellulose
Authors: Zhao Gui‐Ling , Hafrén Jonas , Deiana Luca , Córdova Armando 
Published: March 2010

AbstractA simple and direct method for derivatization of solid polysaccharides is presented. The novel methodology is based on the combination of organic acid‐catalyzed esterification or etherification and photochemical thiol‐ene click derivatization of a heterogeneous polysaccharide. The solid cellulose was “organoclick” modified with aryl, alkyl and polyester groups, respectively. The modification allows for a highly modular and metal free surface modification of solid polysaccharides.
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Shape‐Persistent, Truxene‐Based, Nano‐Sized Bisterpyridine Ruthenium(II) Complexes: Synthesis and Photophysical Properties
Authors: Wang Jin‐Liang , Chan Yi‐Tsu , Moorefield Charles N. , Pei Jian , Modarelli David A. , Romano Natalie C. , Newkome George R. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractA new series of shape‐persistent metallomacromolecules G0 and G1 as well as corresponding ligands, based on thiophene‐functionalized bisterpyridine‐Ru(II) with truxene moieties, as the nodes, were developed. All new compounds were fully characterized by 1H, COSY, and 13C NMR, as well as MALDI‐TOF MS. Their photophysical properties revealed that the branched scaffold resulted in high molar absorption coefficients and broad absorption making these materials potential candidates for light‐harvesting.magnified image