bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
How does patient‐clinician information engagement influence self‐reported cancer‐related problems?
Authors: Tan Andy S. L. , Bourgoin Angel , Gray Stacy W. , Armstrong Katrina , Hornik Robert C. 
Published: January 2011

AbstractBACKGROUND:Past research has linked patient‐physician communication with improved emotional, physical, and social health. One component of communication, patient‐clinician information engagement (PCIE), predicts improved short‐term patient‐reported outcomes, such as treatment satisfaction, through perceptions of feeling informed. However, to the authors' knowledge, the relation between PCIE and longer term cancer‐related problems has not been examined previously. The authors examined the influence of PCIE on self‐reported problems associated with cancer diagnosis and treatment based on a longitudinal survey among a randomly selected sample from the 2005 Pennsylvania Cancer Registry.METHODS:In total, 1293 respondents were surveyed who were diagnosed with colorectal, breast, or prostate cancers during 2006 and 2007. The baseline response rate was 64%, and the retention rate was 65%. The authors predicted an index of cancer‐related problems at 1‐year follow‐up with the baseline cancer‐related problem index and PCIE, controlling for demographic and clinical factors using regression analyses. The mean age of participants was 65 years, approximately 50% were women, and 86% were white.RESULTS:Having more cancer‐related problems and PCIE at baseline significantly predicted more cancer‐related problems at follow‐up. In addition, baseline cancer‐related problems and PCIE interacted significantly (P = .01): PCIE was associated with more cancer‐related problems at follow‐up among participants who reported more symptoms rather than fewer symptoms at baseline.CONCLUSIONS:If respondents reported engaging more with their physicians at baseline, then they reported experiencing more cancer‐related issues at follow‐up; this pattern was stronger among those who reported more baseline problems. The current results indicated that increased discussion of cancer information with physicians may maintain the salience of these problems in cancer survivors' minds over time. Cancer 2011. © 2011 American Cancer Society.
Clinical features and outcomes in patients with extraskeletal ewing sarcoma
Authors: Applebaum Mark A. , Worch Jennifer , Matthay Katherine K. , Goldsby Robert , Neuhaus John , West Daniel C. , DuBois Steven G. 
Published: January 2011

AbstractBACKGROUND:Ewing sarcoma can arise in either bone or soft tissue. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether patient characteristics, treatment strategies, and outcomes differ between skeletal Ewing sarcoma and extraskeletal Ewing sarcoma (EES).METHODS:Patients <40 years of age with Ewing sarcoma or peripheral primitive neuroectodermal tumor reported to the United States Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program database from 1973 to 2007 were evaluated based on skeletal (n = 1519) versus extraskeletal (n = 683) site of origin. Patient characteristics were compared using Fisher exact tests. Overall survival was estimated via the Kaplan‐Meier method and compared using log‐rank tests and Cox proportional hazard models.RESULTS:Patients with EES had a higher mean age (19.5 vs 16.3 years; P < .001) and were less likely to be male (53.4% vs 63.3%; P < .001) or white (84.8% vs 92.5%; P < .001) compared with patients with skeletal tumors. Extraskeletal tumors were more likely to arise in axial locations (72.9% vs 54.2%; P = .001) but were less likely to arise specifically in the pelvis (19.8% vs 26.6%; P < .001). Metastatic status or tumor size did not differ by group. Five‐year overall survival was superior for localized EES compared with localized skeletal tumors (69.7% vs 62.6%; P = .02). The hazard ratio for death in patients with localized skeletal tumors compared with localized EES was 2.36 (95% confidence interval, 1.61‐3.44) beyond 24 months from initial diagnosis.CONCLUSIONS:Patient characteristics and outcomes differ among patients with EES compared with patients with skeletal Ewing sarcoma. These findings may have important implications for patient care. Cancer 2011. © 2011 American Cancer Society.
Association between somatostatin receptor 5 gene polymorphisms and pancreatic cancer risk and survival
Authors: Li Donghui , Tanaka Motofumi , Brunicardi F. Charles , Fisher William E. , Gibbs Richard A , Gingras Marie‐Claude 
Published: January 2011

AbstractBACKGROUND:Somatostatin (SST) inhibited cell proliferation and negatively regulated the release of growth hormones by means of specific receptors (SSTR). Genetic variation in SSTR had been associated with risk of human cancers but had never been investigated in pancreatic cancer.METHODS:In this retrospective study the SSTR5 gene in paired tumor and blood samples from 33 pancreatic adenocarcinoma patients using the Sanger method were sequenced. Three single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in samples from 863 patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma and 876 healthy controls using the TaqMan method were analyzed. The associations between gene polymorphisms and pancreatic cancer risk and survival were analyzed by multivariate logistic regression and Cox proportional hazard models, respectively.RESULTS:No somatic mutations were identified, but 3 nonsynonymous SSTR5 SNPs (P109S, L48M, and P335L) in pancreatic tumors were identified. The SSTR5 P109S variant allele was associated with a 1.62‐fold increased risk of pancreatic cancer (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.08‐2.43, P = 0.019). Furthermore, the SSTR5 L48M AC variant and smoking had a joint effect on pancreatic cancer risk (pinteraction = 0.035). The odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) were 0.58 (0.34‐0.97), 1.49 (1.18‐1.89), and 2.27 (1.35‐3.83) for the variant genotype alone, smoking alone, and both factors, respectively, compared with no factors. Finally, SSTR5 P335L CC and P109S CC combined were associated with lower overall survival durations in patients with resectable disease.CONCLUSIONS:These data suggest that SSTR5 genetic variants play a role in pancreatic cancer development and progression. Cancer 2011. © 2011 American Cancer Society.
Spectral Diffusion of Single Molecules in a Hierarchical Energy Landscape
Authors: Krause Stefan , Kowerko Danny , Börner Richard , Hübner Christian G. , von Borczyskowski Christian 
Published: January 2011

AbstractSpectral diffusion as a result of both the transitions between different molecular conformers and the ′′molecular softness′′ of quasi‐free perylene diimides on a SiO2 surface is investigated by means of single‐molecule spectroscopy, which reveals the time dependence of both the fluorescence spectra and the three‐dimensional orientation. Spectral wavelengths of all single emitters cover a wide energy range of about 0.27 eV, which is due to different types of conformers with large differences in optical transition energy. Time‐dependent spectral trajectories of single emitters within this wavelength manifold are evaluated with a model transcribed from the analysis of spatial diffusion. Spectral diffusion processes are closely correlated with fluorescence emission and excitation power. The overall analysis of spectral diffusion reveals, similar to proteins, a hierarchy of energy barriers in a broad energy landscape.
Stem cell marker prominin‐1 regulates branching morphogenesis, but not regenerative capacity, in the mammary gland
Authors: Anderson Lisa H. , Boulanger Corinne A. , Smith Gilbert H. , Carmeliet Peter , Watson Christine J. 
Published: January 2011

AbstractProminin‐1 (Prom1) is recognized as a stem cell marker in several tissues, including blood, neuroepithelium, and gut, and in human and mouse embryos and many cancers. Although Prom1 is routinely used as a marker for isolating stem cells, its biological function remains unclear. Here we use a knockout model to investigate the role of Prom1 in the mammary gland. We demonstrate that complete loss of Prom1 does not affect the regenerative capacity of the mammary epithelium. Surprisingly, we also show that in the absence of Prom1, mammary glands have reduced ductal branching, and an increased ratio of luminal to basal cells. The effects of Prom1 loss in the mammary gland are associated with decreased expression of prolactin receptor and matrix metalloproteinase‐3. These experiments reveal a novel, functional role for Prom1 that is not related to stem cell activity, and demonstrate the importance of tissue‐specific characterization of putative stem cell markers. Developmental Dynamics 240:674–681, 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Germline cell formation and gonad regeneration in solitary and colonial ascidians
Authors: Kawamura Kaz , Tiozzo Stefano , Manni Lucia , Sunanaga Takeshi , Burighel Paolo , De Tomaso Anthony W. 
Published: January 2011

AbstractThe morphology of ascidian gonad is very similar among species. The testis consists of variable number of testicular follicles; the ovary consists of ovarian tubes that are thickened forming the germinal epithelium with stem cells for female germ cells with the exception of botryllid ascidians. Peculiar accessory cells that would be germline in origin accompany the oocytes. Using vasa homologues as a molecular marker, germline precursor cells can be traced back to the embryonic posterior‐most blastomeres and are found in the tail of tailbud embryo in some solitary and colonial ascidians. In Ciona, they are subsequently located in the larval tail, while in colonial botryllid ascidians vasa‐expressing cells become obscure in the tail. Recent evidence suggests that ascidian germ cells can regenerate from cells other than embryonic germline. An ensemble of the embryonic stringency of germ cell lineage and the postembryonic flexibility of gonad formation is discussed. Developmental Dynamics 240:299–308, 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Multidentate Pyridyl‐Based Ligands in the Coordination‐Driven Self‐Assembly of Palladium Metallo‐Macrocycles (Eur. J. Org. Chem. 3/2011)
Authors: Brusilowskij Boris , Schalley Christoph A. 
Published: January 2011

AbstractThe cover picture shows the formation of a dynamic combinatorial library of self‐assembled metallo‐supramolecular macrocycles. When only one equivalent of the dpppPdII precursor complex is added, the bipyridine‐based ligand selectively forms a 2:2 metallo‐supramolecular macrocycle. Complexation to the bipyridine site occurs only upon addition of a second equivalent of the metal complex. Details are discussed in the article by B. Brusilowskij and C. A. Schalley on p. 469 ff.
Extended MSRS rule for seismic analysis of bridges subjected to differential support motions
Authors: Konakli Katerina , Kiureghian Armen Der 
Published: January 2011

AbstractThis paper introduces a generalized formulation of the multiple support response spectrum (MSRS) method (Earthquake Engng Struct. Dyn. 1992; 21:713–740) and extends it by accounting for the quasi‐static contributions of truncated modes. The generalized formulation allows consideration of response quantities that involve support degrees of freedom (DOF). This situation arises for many response quantities of interest when rotational DOF are condensed out. New cross‐correlation coefficients are introduced in the extended rule and a parametric study is performed to gain insight and identify cases of ground motion spatial variability in which these terms are significant. An efficient computer implementation of the extended MSRS method is described and used for comprehensive analysis of two real bridge models with vastly different structural characteristics. The specified input is in accordance with standards used in engineering practice. The effects of differential support motions, including the influence of spatially varying soil conditions, on the pseudo‐static and dynamic components and the total response are examined and the improvement achieved with the extended MSRS method is assessed. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Manganese superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase as prognostic markers in patients with buccal mucosal squamous cell carcinomas
Authors: Fu Ting‐Ying , Hou Yu‐Yi , Chu Sau‐Tung , Liu Ching‐Feng , Huang Cheng‐Hui , Chen Hung‐Chih , Hsiao Michael , Lu Pei‐Jung , Wang Jyh‐Seng , Ger Luo‐Ping 
Published: January 2011

AbstractBackgroundWe investigated the relationship of the immunohistochemical expression status of manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD), catalase, glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and myeloperoxidase (MPO) in buccal mucosal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) with clinicopathologic parameters and prognosis.MethodsThe expression status of MnSOD, GPx, catalase, and MPO was evaluated by immunohistochemistry in a series of 216 surgically resected buccal mucosal SCC specimens, using tissue microarray slides.ResultsMnSOD, GPx, catalase, and MPO were commonly expressed in buccal mucosal SCC. The high expression level of MnSOD was associated with better disease‐specific survival (p = .009), especially for patients in moderate or poor cell differentiation (p = .045), pathologic stage I (p = .002) and postoperative radiotherapy (p = .048). The high expression level of GPx was also correlated with better disease‐specific survival (p = .042), especially for patients in pathologic stage IV (p = .010) and postoperative radiotherapy (p = .018).ConclusionsMnSOD and GPx are significant prognostic factors for favorable survival in patients with buccal mucosal SCC. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2011
Breakup Criteria for Confined Droplets: Effects of Compatibilization and Component Viscoelasticity
Authors: Cardinaels Ruth , Vananroye Anja , Van Puyvelde Peter , Moldenaers Paula 
Published: January 2011

AbstractThe breakup of confined droplets was studied systematically for systems with either interfacial or component viscoelasticity. The former was obtained by adding a compatibilizer, the latter by using a viscoelastic fluid as the droplet or as the matrix phase. The critical capillary numbers of Newtonian and compatibilized droplets showed a similar increase with increasing confinement ratio. However, a decrease in breakup length was observed in the compatibilized case, caused by the viscoelastic interface. Viscoelastic droplets experienced more stabilization by confinement compared to Newtonian droplets. Matrix viscoelasticity, on the other hand, induced a destabilization with a minimum in critical capillary number as a function of confinement ratio, resulting from a complex interplay of viscoelastic stresses. magnified image
Heterogeneous discounting in economic problems
Authors: Marín‐Solano Jesús , Patxot Concepció 
Published: January 2011

SUMMARYThere is a growing literature considering deviations from standard discounting. In this paper, we analyze a continuous‐time model in finite horizon in which the agent discounts the instantaneous utility function and the final function at constant but different instantaneous discount rates of time preference. Within this context we can model problems in which, when the time t approaches to the final time, the valuation of the final function increases compared with the previous valuations in a way that cannot be explained by using a constant or a variable discount rate. Despite its simplicity, the differential time preference suffices to obtain time‐inconsistent results if standard optimal control theory is applied, for the same reason as in problems with non‐constant discounting or hyperbolic preferences. We derive a dynamic programming equation whose solutions are time‐consistent Markov equilibria. We solve a simple model and discuss some extensions of the model. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Antidiabetic treatments and risk of hospitalisation with myocardial infarction: a nationwide case–control study
Authors: Horsdal Henriette Thisted , Søndergaard Flemming , Johnsen Søren Paaske , Rungby Jørgen 
Published: January 2011

AbstractPurposeData on cardiovascular risk associated with different types of antidiabetic treatments are sparse and conflicting. We examined the risk of hospitalisation with myocardial infarction (MI) among patients treated with sulfonylureas, metformin, insulin, any combination and no antidiabetic pharmacotherapy.MethodsUsing nationwide registries, we conducted a population‐based nested case–control study among all patients with type 2 diabetes in Denmark and identified all patients hospitalised with a first‐time MI and age‐ and gender‐matched non‐MI controls in the period 1996–2004. We estimated odds ratios (ORs) of MI according to type of antidiabetic treatment, adjusted for potential confounding factors using patients treated with sulfonylureas as the reference group.ResultsA total of 10 616 type 2 diabetic cases hospitalised with MI and 90 697 type 2 diabetic non‐MI controls were available for analysis. We found a lower risk of hospitalisation with MI among users of metformin (adjusted OR = 0.86, 95%CI: 0.78–0.95), insulin (adjusted OR = 0.92, 95%CI: 0.86–0.99) and among patients not receiving any antidiabetic pharmacotherapy (adjusted OR = 0.75, 95%CI: 0.71–0.79) compared with users of sulfonylureas. Users of any combination had similar risk as users of sulfonylureas (adjusted OR = 0.99, 95%CI: 0.92–1.06). We found no differences between individual sulfonylureas, and glycaemic control and lipid profile had only minor impact on the risk estimates in subanalyses including HbA1c, cholesterol and triglycerides.ConclusionsOur findings provide some support for the hypothesis that sulfonylureas may be associated with an increased risk of hospitalisation with MI. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Clays for polymeric nanocomposites
Authors: Utracki Leszek A. , Broughton Bill , González‐Rojano Norma , de Carvalho Laura Hecker , Achete Carlos A. 
Published: January 2011

AbstractWe discuss test methods and results for determining individual clay platelets shape, size, size distribution, elemental composition, and impurities. Commercial sodium salt varieties of natural, semisynthetic and synthetic clay (Cloisite®‐Na+, Somasif ME‐100, and Topy‐Na+, respectively) were analyzed. In this international collaboration, eight laboratories on three continents carried out the work within the VAMAS TWA‐33 activities. There are large differences between the three nanofillers as far as: (1) the platelet orthogonal dimensions, (2) chemical composition, and (3) contaminants (their diversity and quantity) are concerned. Elaborate purification of natural clays leaves behind 2–5 wt% of organic and mineral impurities, whose nature, shape, size, and chemistry depend on the clay origin. These contaminants affect nanocomposite performance, thus controlling their composition and quantity is essential. The article describes the developed methods, summarizes the preliminary results, discusses the encountered difficulties, and proposes methods for solving them. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 2011. © 2011 Society of Plastics Engineers
Particle image velocimetry in molten plastic
Authors: Bress Thomas J. , Dowling David R. 
Published: January 2011

AbstractInjection molding is a standard manufacturing process for plastic parts. The most important process step, mold filling, involves unsteady nonisothermal flow of a non‐Newtonian molten plastic. Mold‐filling flow largely determines molecular orientation within the final part and thereby influences final part properties. This article describes techniques for successfully applying particle image velocimetry (PIV) to molten plastic flow during injection molding. The primary experimental challenges include the following: engineering optical access to the molten plastic flow at elevated temperatures (230–245°C) and pressures (∼20 MPa), finding particles that survive the thermal‐mechanical environment that melts the plastic, and developing experimental and data‐reduction techniques that allow multiple imperfect planar PIV measurements to be combined. Here, a custom optical‐access mold allowed mold center‐plane PIV to be performed in molten polystyrene. Simple statistical assessments of the velocimetry data and scaled residuals of the continuity equation suggest that the PIV can be conducted in molten plastics with an uncertainty of ±2%. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 2011. © 2011 Society of Plastics Engineers
Thermal, morphological, and mechanical properties of biobased and biodegradable blends of poly(lactic acid) and chemically modified thermoplastic starch
Authors: Shin Boo Young , Jang Sang Hee , Kim Bong Shik 
Published: January 2011

AbstractIn this study, poly(lactic acid) (PLA) was blended with chemically modified thermoplastic starch (CMPS) in a twin‐screw extruder. The characteristic properties of PLA/CMPS blends were investigated by observing the morphology, thermal, and mechanical properties, and biodegradability. Differential scanning calorimetry showed that the PLA/CMPS were thermodynamically immiscible. However, scanning electron microscopy and Fourier transform infrared studies revealed that the interfacial adhesion was improved by the PLA‐g‐starch copolymers that were formed at the interface through a transesterification reaction between PLA and CMPS. The crystallinity of the PLA component in the blend was increased by the addition of the CMPS and was highly affected by the morphology of the blend. The tensile strength and elongation were found to decrease in a linear trend with increasing CMPS content. The biodegradability of the blends increased with increasing CMPS content, while initial time lag decreased. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 2011. © 2011 Society of Plastics Engineers
Sequential double polymer click reactions for the preparation of regular graft copolymers
Authors: Durmaz Hakan , Dag Aydan , Hizal Gurkan , Tunca Umit 
Published: January 2011

AbstractIn this study, graft copolymers with regular graft points containing polystyrene (PS) backbone and poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), poly(tert‐butyl acrylate) (PtBA), or poly (ethylene glycol) (PEG) side chains were simply achieved by a sequential double polymer click reactions. The linear α‐alkyne‐ω‐azide PS with an anthracene pendant unit per chain was produced via atom transfer radical polymerization of styrene initiated by anthracen‐9‐ylmethyl 2‐((2‐bromo‐2‐methylpropanoyloxy)methyl)‐2‐methyl‐3‐oxo‐3‐(prop‐2‐ynyloxy) propyl succinate. Subsequently, the azide–alkyne click coupling of this PS to create the linear multiblock PS chain with pendant anthracene sites per PS block, followed by Diels–Alder click reaction with maleimide end‐functionalized PMMA, PtBA, or PEG yielded final PS‐g‐PMMA, PS‐g‐PtBA or PS‐g‐PEG copolymers with regular grafts, respectively. Well‐defined polymers were characterized by 1H NMR, gel permeation chromatography (GPC) and triple detection GPC. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem, 2011
Polymer‐regulated pattern formation in pseudo‐2D arrays of a fullerene derivative at the solution—Air interface
Authors: Eliyahu Shani , Ren Chunlai , Szleifer Igal , Yerushalmi‐Rozen Rachel 
Published: January 2011

AbstractSelf‐assembly of nanoparticles (NPs) into nonclose‐packed (ncp), semi‐two‐dimensional (2D) arrays is of interest in a variety of applications. Of special interest are photochemically active surfactant‐like fullerene derivatives [6,6]‐phenyl‐C61‐butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM). The study presented here characterizes the morphology and structure of patterns formed by a mixture of PCBM NP and an amphiphilic block‐copolymer tethered at the water–air interface (a surface brush) as a function of the concentration of poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) dissolved in the liquid subphase. Theoretical modeling of the system shows that the concentration of PEO in the subphase mediates the dimensions of the surface brush and at high PEO concentrations induces a collapse of the brush at the solution–air interface. The state of the surface brush is suggested to tune the semi‐2D patterns observed in the experiments via lateral depletion interactions and, in particular, induce lateral phase separation of the PCBM‐block copolymer. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys, 2011