bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The relationship of deiodinase 1 genotype and thyroid function to lifetime history of major depression in three independent populations
Authors: Philibert Robert A. , Beach Steven R.H. , Gunter Tracy D. , Todorov Alexandre A. , Brody Gene H. , Vijayendran Meeshanthini , Elliott Lilly , Hollenbeck Nancy , Russell Daniel , Cutrona Carolyn 
Published: May 2011

AbstractMajor depression (MD) is often associated with disturbances of the hypothalamic/pituitary/thyroid (HPT) axis. Unfortunately, whether this association is secondary to common underlying genetic variation or whether the MD‐associated disturbances in HPT function are chronic or state‐dependent is unknown. To examine these questions, we genotyped 12 single nucleotide polymorphisms identified in previous genome wide association analyses of thyroid function in DNA contributed by 1,555 subjects from three longitudinal ethnically diverse studies that are well‐characterized for lifetime MD and thyroid function. We then examined associations between genetic variants and key outcomes of thyroid stimulating hormone, free thyroxine (FT4) and depression. We confirmed prior findings that two variants in deiodinase 1 (DIO1), including a variant in the 3′UTR of DIO1 (rs11206244), were associated with altered FT4 levels in both White and African American subjects. We also found that rs11206244 genotype was associated with lifetime MD in White female subjects, in particular those from high‐risk cohorts. However, we found no association of current FT4 levels with lifetime MD in either ethnic group. We conclude that genetic variation influencing thyroid function is a risk factor for MD. Given the evidence from prior studies, further investigations of role of HPT variation in etiology and treatment of MD are indicated. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Baboon (Papio anubis) social complexity—a network approach
Authors: Lehmann Julia , Ross Caroline 
Published: May 2011

AbstractAlthough many studies have analyzed the causes and consequences of social relationships, few studies have explicitly assessed how measures of social relationships are affected by the choice of behaviors used to quantify them. The use of many behaviors to measure social relationships in primates has long been advocated, but it was analytically difficult to implement this framework into primatological work. However, recent advances in social network analysis (SNA) now allow the comparison of multiple networks created from different behaviors. Here we use our database of baboon social behavior (Papio anubis, Gashaka Gumti National Park, Nigeria) to investigate (i) to what extent social networks created from different behaviors overlap, (ii) to what extent individuals occupy similar social positions in these networks and (iii) how sex affects social network position in this population of baboons. We used data on grooming, aggression, displacement, mounting and presenting, which were collected over a 15‐month period. We calculated network parameters separately for each behavior. Networks based on displacement, mounting and presenting were very similar to each other, whereas grooming and aggression networks differed both from each other and from mounting, displacement and presenting networks. Overall, individual network positions were strongly affected by sex. Individuals central in one network tended to be central in most other networks as well, whereas other measures such as clustering coefficient were found to vary depending on the behavior analyzed. Thus, our results suggest that a baboon's social environment is best described by a multiplex network based on affiliative, aggressive and sexual behavior. Modern SNA provides a number of useful tools that will help us to better understand animals' social environment. We also discuss potential caveats related to their use. Am. J. Primatol. 73:775–789, 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Evolution of the blood–brain barrier in newly forming multiple sclerosis lesions
Authors: Gaitán María I. , Shea Colin D. , Evangelou Iordanis E. , Stone Roger D. , Fenton Kaylan M. , Bielekova Bibiana , Massacesi Luca , Reich Daniel S. 
Published: May 2011

AbstractObjective:Multiple sclerosis (MS) lesions develop around small, inflamed veins. New lesions enhance with gadolinium on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), reflecting disruption of the blood–brain barrier (BBB). Single time point results from pathology and standard MRI cannot capture the spatiotemporal expansion of lesions. We investigated the development and expansion of new MS lesions, focusing on the dynamics of BBB permeability.Methods:We performed dynamic contrast‐enhanced (DCE) MRI in relapsing–remitting MS. We obtained data over 65 minutes, during and after gadolinium injection. We labeled spatiotemporal enhancement dynamics as centrifugal when initially central enhancement expanded outward and centripetal when initially peripheral enhancement gradually filled the center.Results:We detected 34 enhancing lesions in 200 DCE‐MRI scans. In 65%, enhancement first appeared as a closed ring; in 18%, as a nodule; and in 18%, as an open ring. Lesions with initially nodular enhancement were smaller than those initially enhancing as rings (p < 0.0001). All initially nodular lesions enhanced centrifugally, whereas initially ringlike lesions enhanced centripetally, becoming nodular if small (82%) or nearly nodular if larger (18%). Open‐ring lesions were periventricular or juxtacortical and enhanced centripetally. Centrifugally enhancing lesions evolved into centripetally enhancing lesions over several days.Interpretation:The rapid change of enhancement dynamics from centrifugal to centripetal reflects the outward growth of MS lesions around their central vein and suggests that factors mediating lesion growth and tissue repair derive from different locations at different times. We propose a model of new lesion growth that unites our imaging observations with existing pathology data. ANN NEUROL 2011;
Defective sumoylation pathway directs congenital heart disease
Authors: Wang Jun , Chen Li , Wen Shu , Zhu Huiping , Yu Wei , Moskowitz Ivan P. , Shaw Gary M. , Finnell Richard H. , Schwartz Robert J. 
Published: May 2011

AbstractCongenital heart defects (CHDs) are the most common of all birth defects, yet molecular mechanism(s) underlying highly prevalent atrial septal defects (ASDs) and ventricular septal defects (VSDs) have remained elusive. We demonstrate the indispensability of “balanced” posttranslational small ubiquitin‐like modifier (SUMO) conjugation‐deconjugation pathway for normal cardiac development. Both hetero‐ and homozygous SUMO‐1 knockout mice exhibited ASDs and VSDs with high mortality rates, which were rescued by cardiac reexpression of the SUMO‐1 transgene. Because SUMO‐1 was also involved in cleft lip/palate in human patients, the previous findings provided a powerful rationale to question whether SUMO‐1 was mutated in infants born with cleft palates and ASDs. Sequence analysis of DNA from newborn screening blood spots revealed a single 16 bp substitution in the SUMO‐1 regulatory promoter of a patient displaying both oral‐facial clefts and ASDs. Diminished sumoylation activity whether by genetics, environmental toxins, and/or pharmaceuticals may significantly contribute to susceptibility to the induction of congenital heart disease worldwide. Birth Defects Research (Part A) 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Thermodynamic Simulation of CO2 Capture for an IGCC Power Plant using the Calcium Looping Cycle
Authors: Li Y. , Zhao C. , Ren Q. 
Published: May 2011

AbstractA CO2 capture process for an integrated gasification combined cycle (IGCC) power plant using the calcium looping cycle was proposed. The CO2 capture process using natural and modified limestone was simulated and investigated with the software package Aspen Plus. It incorporated a fresh feed of sorbent to compensate for the decay in CO2 capture activity during long‐term cycles. The sorbent flow ratios have significant effect on the CO2 capture efficiency and net efficiency of the CO2 capture system. The IGCC power plant, using the modified limestone, exhibits higher CO2 capture efficiency than that using the natural limetone at the same sorbent flow ratios. The system net efficiency using the natural and modified limestones achieves 41.7 % and 43.1 %, respectively, at the CO2 capture efficiency of 90 % without the effect of sulfation.
Comprehensive Polymerization Model for Fischer‐Tropsch Synthesis
Authors: Fontenelle A. B. , Fernandes F. A. N. 
Published: May 2011

AbstractThe polymerization kinetics of Fischer‐Tropsch reactions on a cobalt‐based catalyst was studied. A kinetic model was developed based on the alkyl and alkenyl mechanisms for hydrocarbon chain propagation that may occur simultaneously in the Fischer‐Tropsch synthesis. The kinetic model comprised initiation of hydrocarbon chains, propagation, termination to paraffin and olefin and readsorption of olefin. The proposed model was validated by F‐test and proved valid at a confidence level of 95 %.
Modeling and Numerical Simulation of the Gas‐Induced Breakup of Liquid Threads Stretched by Gravity
Authors: Gramlich S. , Mescher A. , Piesche M. , Walzel P. 
Published: May 2011

AbstractSprays with narrowly distributed drop sizes can be produced by atomization systems operating according to the principle of breakup of stretched liquid threads. The mean drop size depending on the process parameters is of major interest for a reliable process design. Thus, a model for the description of the breakup process of stretched liquid threads with laminar flow is introduced. Thread extension by gravity and gas‐induced disturbances are considered in order to predict the mean droplet size. The numerical and experimental results exhibit satisfying accordance.
The interplay of resource provisioning and workflow optimization in scientific applications
Authors: Singh Gurmeet , Deelman Ewa 
Published: May 2011

AbstractIn this paper, we propose resource provisioning as the means to reduce the completion time of scientific workflows in a Grid environment. We propose task clustering as a form of workflow optimization that can be used along with provisioning in order to achieve this reduction in completion time. Provisioning can be done statically using advance reservations (ARs) or using dynamic provisioning mechanisms. A simulation is done using the Maui simulator, a workload trace collected from the NCSA Teragrid cluster and 13 workflows to study the effect of provisioning on the completion time of the scientific workflows. The results show in general a reduction of about 50% in the workflow completion time using provisioning for the First In First Out and fair share scheduling policies. In this paper, we also examine the cost of resource provisioning and propose a utilization‐based metric that can be used to guide the provisioning decisions in order to reduce the cost. Finally, we present the results of a survey on the support of AR at the Grid sites. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A cross‐layer TCP for providing fairness in wireless mesh networks
Authors: Ye Jin , Wang Jian‐Xin , Huang Jia‐Wei 
Published: May 2011

AbstractThe fair allocation of resources among different nodes is one of the critical problems in wireless mesh networks. Existing solutions mainly focus on rate‐limitation policies or distributed fair MAC schemes at the potential expense of total network utilization. This paper investigates a special starvation problem among TCP flows that are different hops away from the BS, as well as its recently proposed solution, the ‘Minimum Content Window’ policy based on IEEE 802.11e. It is found that the aggregate throughput degrades sharply because the effect of this policy on the TCP congestion mechanism has been overlooked. This paper proposes a priority‐based congestion control by using ‘Cross‐Layer Explicit Congestion Notification’. Analysis and simulation results demonstrate that our scheme can improve the fairness of TCP flows while the aggregate throughput is at least 20% higher than the ‘Minimum Content Window’ policy. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Cutaneous metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma diagnosed by fine needle aspiration cytology and Hep Par 1 immunopositivity
Authors: Isa Nurismah Md. , Bong Jan Jin , Ghani Fauzah Abd. , Rose Isa Mohamed , Husain Salina , Azrif Muhammad 
Published: May 2011

AbstractCutaneous metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is very rare, accounting for less than 0.8% of all known cutaneous metastases and occurring in 2.7–3.4% of HCCs. With less than 50 such cases reported worldwide, most of which were diagnosed histologically on excised lesions, it can only be expected that diagnosis made on cytological features alone would be challenging. We report a case of cutaneous metastasis of HCC diagnosed based on cytological features and confirmed by Hep Par 1 immunopositivity of the cell block material. An 81‐year‐old man, who was known to have unresectable HCC, presented with a 1‐month history of painless, left nasal alae mass. The mass measured 1.5 cm in diameter, and was multilobulated with a central necrosis. Fine needle aspiration of the mass was done. Smears were cellular, comprising of malignant cells in loose clusters and aggregates as well as singly dispersed. The malignant cells displayed moderate nuclear pleomorphism, occasional prominent nucleoli, and intranuclear pseudoinclusion. Cell block material demonstrated the trabeculae pattern of the malignant cells and Hep Par 1 immunopositivity. The final diagnosis of a metastatic cutaneous HCC was made. In conclusion, cutaneous HCC metastasis is rare and should be considered in the differential diagnosis in patients with a history of HCC presenting with suspicious skin lesion. In the right clinical setting, a confident diagnosis can be made in such cases by using the fine needle aspiration technique aided with immunopositivity for Hep Par 1 antibody of the aspirated material. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Inflammatory pseudotumor of the spleen: A rare case diagnosed on FNAC
Authors: Mundi Irneet , Singhal Niti , Punia R. P. S. , Dalal Usha , Mohan Harsh 
Published: May 2011

AbstractInflammatory pseudotumor (IPT) is a rare space‐occupying lesion of unknown etiology that can mimic malignancy on clinic‐radiological and pathological examination. We present a case of IPT of the spleen which was clinically suspected to be malignant. This case was initially suggested accurately on fine needle aspiration (FNA) of the mass and subsequently confirmed on histopathology of the resected specimen. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Synaptic vesicle trafficking and Parkinson's disease
Authors: Esposito Giovanni , Ana Clara Fernandes , Verstreken Patrik 
Published: May 2011

AbstractPresynaptic terminals maintain neurotransmitter release during repeated rounds of stimulation using local recycling of synaptic vesicles (SV). During each SV cycle, protein complex assembly and disassembly results in accumulation of inactive (unfolded) protein intermediates that may render synaptic terminals vulnerable to activity‐dependent degeneration. SV trafficking is affected in many neurodegenerative conditions including Alzheimer' and Parkinson's disease (PD) suggesting that alteration of this process might be an important aspect of disease pathogenesis. This article reviews our current understanding for a role of causative PD genes in the SV cycle and speculates on the potential role of aberrant SV trafficking in the neurodegenerative cascade of PD. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Develop Neurobiol 72: 134–144, 2012
Evaluation of protein loading techniques and improved separation in OFFGEL isoelectric focusing
Authors: Keidel Eva‐Maria , Dosch Dominik , Brunner Achim , Kellermann Josef , Lottspeich Friedrich 
Published: May 2011

Abstract2‐DE proved to be a key technology in protein science since the two orthogonal separation dimensions are capable of protein isoform separation. Recently, Agilent introduced the OFFGEL 3100 fractionator for in solution IEF (off‐gel) of proteins with the help of a 12‐ or 24‐well frame. With this instrument also conventional focusing in IPG strips after passive in‐tray rehydration can be performed. In this study, two novel IEF applications using the OFFGEL electrophoresis were developed. First, a sample cup was built and a cup‐loading method for the OFFGEL device was implemented. Applying proteins via cup resulted in higher reproducibility and less protein loss compared with conventional in‐tray rehydration loading. Especially, the recovery of basic and high‐molecular‐mass proteins seems to be favored by cup loading. These effects are more pronounced with low microgram sample amounts. Second, a 48‐well OFFGEL frame was developed, which doubles the resolution of the commercially available 24‐well frame. It is capable of separating proteins with small pI differences and shows potential for isoform/PTM separation.
Frequent genetic abnormalities of the PI3K/AKT pathway in primary ovarian cancer predict patient outcome
Authors: Huang Jia , Zhang Lin , Greshock Joel , Colligon Theresa A. , Wang Yan , Ward Renee , Katsaros Dionyssios , Lassus Heini , Butzow Ralf , Godwin Andrew K. , Testa Joseph R. , Nathanson Katherine L. , Gimotty Phyllis A. , Coukos George , Weber Barbara L. , Degenhardt Yan 
Published: May 2011

AbstractIdentification and characterization of underlying genetic aberrations could facilitate diagnosis and treatment of ovarian cancer. Copy number analysis using array Comparative Genomic Hybridization (aCGH) on 93 primary ovarian tumors identified PI3K/AKT pathway as the most frequently altered cancer related pathway. Furthermore, survival analyses to correlate gene copy number and mutation data with patient outcome showed that copy number gains of PIK3CA, PIK3CB, and PIK3R4 in these tumors were associated with decreased survival. To confirm these findings at the protein level, immunohistochemistry (IHC) for PIK3CA product p110α and p‐Akt was performed on tissue microarrays from 522 independent serous ovarian cancers. Overexpression of either of these two proteins was found to be associated with decreased survival. Multivariant analysis from these samples further showed that overexpression of p‐AKT and/or p110α is an independent prognostic factor for these tumors. siRNAs targeting altered PI3K/AKT pathway genes inhibited proliferation and induced apoptosis in ovarian cancer cell lines. In addition, the effect of the siRNAs in different cell lines seemed to correlate with the particular genetic alterations that the cell line carries. These results strongly support the utilization of PI3K pathway inhibitors in ovarian cancer. They also suggest identifying the specific component in the PI3K pathway that is genetically altered has the potential to help select the most effective therapy. Both mutation as well as copy number changes can be used as predictive markers for this purpose. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Gene expression and single nucleotide polymorphism array analyses of spindle cell lipomas and conventional lipomas with 13q14 deletion
Authors: Bartuma Hammurabi , Nord Karolin H. , Macchia Gemma , Isaksson Margareth , Nilsson Jenny , Domanski Henryk A. , Mandahl Nils , Mertens Fredrik 
Published: May 2011

AbstractSpindle cell lipomas (SCL) are circumscribed, usually s.c. tumors that typically occur on the posterior neck, shoulder, and back of middle aged men. Cytogenetically, almost all SCL are characterized by deletions of chromosome arm 13q, often in combination with loss of 16q. Deletions of 13q are seen also in approximately 15% of conventional lipomas. Through single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) array analyses, we identified two minimal deleted regions (MDR) in 13q14 in SCL. In MDR1, four genes were located, including the tumor suppressor gene RB1. MDR1 in SCL overlapped with the MDR detected in conventional lipomas with 13q14 deletion. In MDR2 in SCL there were 34 genes and the two microRNA (miRNA) genes miR‐15a and miR‐16‐1. Global gene expression analysis was used to study the impact of the deletions on genes mapping to the two SCL‐associated MDR. Five genes (C13orf1, DHRS12, ATP7B, ALG11, and VPS36) in SCL and one gene (C13orf1) in conventional lipomas with 13q‐deletions were found to be significantly underexpressed compared with control tissues. Quantitative real‐time PCR showed that miR‐16‐1 was expressed at lower levels in SCL than in the control samples. No mutations were found at sequencing of RB1, miR‐15a, and miR‐16‐1. Our findings further delineate the target region for the 13q deletion in SCL and conventional lipomas and show that the deletions are associated with down‐regulated expression of several genes, notably C13orf1, which was the only gene to be significantly down‐regulated in both tumor types. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Caregiver burden, health utilities, and institutional service use in Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Miller Edward Alan , Rosenheck Robert A. , Schneider Lon S. 
Published: May 2011

ObjectiveThis study examined the moderating effect of caregiver burden on the relationship between the health status of Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients and their use of institutional services (i.e., hospitalization, nursing home, and residential care).MethodsData were obtained at baseline and at 3, 6, and 9 months following study entry on 421 community‐dwelling patients with AD in the Clinical Antipsychotic Trials of Intervention Effectiveness for AD. The outcome variable includes use of any institutional services. Logistic regression was employed to estimate the interaction between Health Utility Index Mark III score (a general health status measure) and four concurrent caregiver burden measures at outcome. Marginal effects were calculated and plotted using random effects models for observations at multiple time points per individual. Average effects were calculated across all observations using models without random effects.ResultsRandom effects results suggest that caregiver burden weakens the inverse relationship between health utilities and institutional service use, leading to greater likelihood of institutional use than would be expected at a given level of health. This is indicated by positive and significant signs on the Health Utility Index Mark III*caregiver burden interaction when burden is measured using the Caregiver Distress Scale, Beck Depression Inventory, and Caregiver Assessment Survey (all p < 0.05). It is reinforced by positive and significant average effects deriving from Caregiver Distress and Beck Depression Inventory models without random effects (both p < 0.10). Results derived from the Burden Interview Scale, although positive, were non‐significant and weak by comparison.ConclusionCaregiver support interventions should be offered to individuals caring for less‐advanced AD patients. Otherwise, healthy patients may be at increased risk for institutionalization when caregivers experience high levels of burden. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.