bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Life Cycle Assessment of Frozen Tilapia Fillets From Indonesian Lake‐Based and Pond‐Based Intensive Aquaculture Systems
Authors: Pelletier Nathan , Tyedmers Peter 
Published: May 2010

SummaryWe used life cycle assessment to evaluate a subset of the cradle‐to‐destination‐port environmental impacts associated with the production, processing, and transportation of frozen, packaged Indonesian tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fillets to ports in Chicago and Rotterdam. Specifically, we evaluated the cumulative energy use; biotic resource use; and global warming, acidifying, and eutrophying emissions at each life cycle stage and in aggregate. We identify the importance of least environmental cost feed sourcing for reducing supply chain environmental impacts. We also highlight the need for more effective nutrient cycling in intensive aquaculture. The environmental trade‐offs inherent in substituting technological inputs for ecosystem services in intensive pond‐based versus lake‐based production systems are discussed. We further call for more nuanced considerations of comparative environmental advantage in the production and interregional trade of food commodities than has been characteristic of historic food miles discussions. Significant opportunities exist for improving environmental performance in tilapia aquaculture. This product compares favorably, however, with several other fishery, aquaculture, and animal husbandry products, according to the suite of impact categories considered in this study.
Zeaxanthin inhibits PDGF‐BB‐induced migration in human dermal fibroblasts
Authors: Wu Nan‐Lin , Chiang Yuh‐Chiau , Huang Chieh‐Chen , Fang Jia‐You , Chen Der‐Fang , Hung Chi‐Feng 
Published: May 2010

Please cite this paper as: Zeaxanthin inhibits PDGF‐BB‐induced migration in human dermal fibroblasts. Experimental Dermatology 2010; 19: e173–e181.Abstract:  Zeaxanthin is the dihydroxy carotenoid and is distributed in our daily foods. Various natural carotenoids, including zeaxanthin, have been shown to inhibit proliferation of several types of cancer cells, but available data on the effect of zeaxanthin on skin fibroblasts and melanoma cells are limited. Platelet‐derived growth factor (PDGF) functions as a chemotactic factor for dermal fibroblasts and plays an important role in the progression of melanoma. In this study, we investigated the effects of zeaxanthin on the migration of skin fibroblasts induced by PDGF‐BB and melanoma cells. We demonstrated that zeaxanthin inhibited PDGF‐BB‐induced skin fibroblast migration on collagen and gelatin by a modified Boyden chamber system. The electric cell‐substrate impedance sensing (ECIS) method also showed similar inhibitory effects of zeaxanthin on the migration of fibroblasts. In functional studies, zeaxanthin decreased melanoma‐induced fibroblast migration in a non‐contact coculture system and also the migration stimulated by melanoma‐derived conditioned medium. Further analysis showed that zeaxanthin attenuated PDGF‐BB and melanoma‐conditioned medium induced phosphorylation of PDGFR‐β and MAP kinase in a concentration‐dependent manner in human skin fibroblasts. However, these effects did not result from direct interaction of zeaxanthin with PDGF‐BB. Thus, our results provide the first evidence showing that zeaxanthin is an effective inhibitor of migration of stromal fibroblasts induced by PDGF‐BB and melanoma cells and this effect may further support its antitumor potential.
Trait impulsivity in female patients with borderline personality disorder and matched controls
Authors: Mortensen Jørgen Assar , Rasmussen Lnge Andre , Håberg Asta 
Published: May 2010

Mortensen JA, Rasmussen IA, Håberg A. Trait impulsivity in female patients with borderline personality disorder and matched controls.Objective:Impulsivity has been shown to load on two separate factors, rash impulsivity and sensitivity to reward (SR) in several factor analytic studies. The aims of the current study were to explore the nature of impulsivity in women with borderline personality disorder (BPD) and matched controls, and the underlying neuronal correlates for rash impulsivity and SR.Methods:Fifteen females diagnosed with BPD and 15 matched controls were recruited. All completed the impulsiveness-venturesomeness scale (I7), the sensitivity to punishment (SP) - sensitivity to reward (SR) questionnaire, and performed a Go-NoGo block-design functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) paradigm at 3T. Correlation analyses were done with I7, SP and SR scores with the level of activation in different brain areas in the whole group. An independent group t-test was used to explore any differences between the BPD group and the matched controls.Results:I7 scores correlated negatively with activity in the left orbitofrontal cortex, amygdala and precuneus, and bilaterally in the cingulate cortices during response inhibition for the entire sample. SP yielded negative correlations in the right superior frontal gyrus and parahippocampal gyrus. No activity related to response inhibition correlated to SR. The Go-NoGo task gave similar brain activity in BPD and matched controls, but behaviourally the BPD group had significantly more commission errors in the NoGo blocks. The BPD group had increased I7 and SP scores indicating rash impulsiveness combined with heightened SP.Conclusion:These results imply that successful impulse inhibition involves interaction between the impulsive and the emotional systems. Furthermore, impulsivity in BPD is described as rash impulsivity, coexisting with increased SP.
Evidence of mitochondrial dysfunction in obese adolescents
Authors: Wilms L , Larsen J , Pedersen PL , Kvetny J 
Published: May 2010

AbstractAim:  Although obesity and weight gain generally are anticipated to be caused by an imbalance between energy intake and energy expenditure, the significance of thyroid hormones (TH) remains unclear. Examination of mitochondrial function may reflect intracellular thyroid hormone effect and elucidate whether a lower metabolic rate is present.Methods:  In a group of 34 obese adolescents (age <16 years and body mass index above the age‐related 95th percentile), and an age‐ and gender‐matched group of 32 lean adolescent, thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) and basal oxygen consumption were measured and mitochondrial function in peripheral blood monocytes was determined by flow cytometry.Results:  Significant increase in TSH (3.06 ± 1.56 mU/L vs. 2.33 ± 0.91 mU/L, p < 0.05) and a decrease in VO2 (129 ± 16 mL O2/m2*min vs. 146 ± 15 mL O2/m2*min, p < 0.05) were observed in obese adolescents compared with lean adolescents. Flow cytometry analysis demonstrated a lower mitochondrial mass (6385 ± 1962 a.u. vs. 7608 ± 2328 a.u., p < 0.05) and mitochondrial membrane potential (11426 ± 3861 a.u. vs. 14017 ± 5536 a.u., p < 0.05) in obese adolescents compared with lean adolescents. These results are even more pronounced in adolescents with obese mothers.Conclusion:  In obese adolescents, the increased TSH and lowered VO2 propose a lowered basal metabolic rate and the impaired mitochondrial function suggests a decreased thyroid hormone stimulation of mitochondrial energy production. The maternal in‐heritage is suggestive of a basal metabolic defect or mitochondrial resistance for TH.
Relationship between the length of hospital stay after hip fracture surgery and ambulatory ability or mortality after discharge in Japan
Authors: KONDO Akiko , ZIERLER Brenda K. , HAGINO Hiroshi 
Published: May 2010

AbstractAim:  To examine whether the length of hospital stay after hip fracture surgery is related to patients' ambulatory ability or mortality after discharge.Methods:  This is a retrospective observational study of patients who had undergone hip fracture surgery at one of three hospitals in Japan. The medical records of patients who were ≥65 years and who had hip fracture surgery within the past 2.5 years were reviewed regarding the demographics, treatments, and health outcomes during the hospital stay. A mail survey, asking about health outcomes after discharge, was sent to the study participants and/or their family members. The response rate of the survey was 70% (n = 149).Results:  The patients who were discharged between 30 and 39 days after surgery had significantly lower current ambulatory ability, compared to the patients who stayed for ≥40 days, after adjusting for patient characteristics, treatments, and hospital. The patients who were discharged within 2 weeks after surgery and the patients who were discharged between 30 and 39 days after surgery had a significantly higher risk of mortality, compared to the patients who stayed in the hospital for ≥40 days, after adjustments were made.Conclusions:  If patients are discharged to a rehabilitation hospital before they are totally recovered from surgery, the emphasis might be on their rehabilitation without adequate management of their comorbidities. Additional prospective studies are needed to determine the effects of a shorter length of hospital stay after hip fracture surgery on patient outcomes.
Prevalence of Sexual Dysfunction and Impact of Contraception in Female German Medical Students
Authors: Wallwiener Christian W. , Wallwiener Lisa-Maria , Seeger Harald , Mück Alfred O. , Bitzer Johannes , Wallwiener Markus 
Published: May 2010

ABSTRACTIntroductionFemale sexual dysfunction (FSD) is a very common disorder, with an estimated prevalence of having at least one sexual dysfunction of about 40%.AimTo investigate the prevalence and types of FSD and the relationship between hormonal contraception (HC) and FSD in female German medical students.Main Outcome MeasuresFemale Sexual Function Index (FSFI) with additional questions on contraception, sexual activity, and other factors that may influence sexual function.MethodsAn online questionnaire based on the FSFI was completed by students from six medical schools. Obtained data were screened for inconsistencies by programmed algorithms.ResultsA total of 1,219 completed questionnaires were received, and 1,086 were included in the analyses after screening. The mean total FSFI score was 28.6 +/− 4.5. 32.4% of women were at risk for FSD according to FSFI definitions. Based on domain scores, 8.7% for were at risk for FSD concerning orgasm, 5.8% for desire, 2.6% for satisfaction, 1.2% for lubrication, 1.1% for pain and 1.0% for arousal. The method of contraception and smoking were factors with significant effect on the total FSFI score whereby hormonal contraception was associated with lower total FSFI scores and lower desire and arousal scores than no contraception and non-hormonal contraception only. Other variables such as stress, pregnancy, smoking, relationship and wish for children had an important impact on sexual function as expected according to earlier studies.ConclusionsThe prevalence of students at high risk for FSD was consistent with the literature although domain subscores differed from samples previously described. The contraception method has a significant effect on the sexual functioning score and women using contraception, especially hormonal contraception, had lower sexual functioning scores. Stress and relationship among other variables were found to be associated with sexual function and may thus provide insight into the etiology of sexual disorders.
Diagnostic Tests for Male Erectile Dysfunction Revisited
Authors: Meuleman Eric J.H. , Hatzichristou Dimitrios , Rosen Raymond C. , Sadovsky Richard 
Published: May 2010

ABSTRACTIntroductionThe Committee on “Clinical Evaluation and Scales in Sexual Medicine” of the third International Consultation in Sexual Medicine reviewed current practice and new developments in the field of physiological testing in male erectile dysfunction (ED).AimTo provide an overview of current practice and new developments in the field of diagnostic testing in male ED.MethodsThe Pubmed literature was reviewed.ResultsSince the 1980s of the last century, a broad array of specialized physiological tests has been used for assessing ED. The notion that ED often is an (early) symptom of generalized cardiovascular disease and the introduction of oral pharmacological therapies that are effective irrespective of etiology has reduced the application of the “classical” tests to a minimum and has shifted the scope toward tests with demonstrated reliability in cardiovascular medicine.Conclusions(i) The clinical utility of specialized tests in the evaluation of male ED is limited to a small minority of men; (ii) the scope of physiological testing has shifted toward tests with demonstrated reliability in cardiovascular medicine.
Characterization and Expression Analysis of Medicago truncatula ROP GTPase Family during the Early Stage of Symbiosis
Authors: Liu Wei , Chen Ai‐Min , Luo Li , Sun Jie , Cao Lian‐Pu , Yu Guan‐Qiao , Zhu Jia‐Bi , Wang Yan‐Zhang 
Published: May 2010

Abstract ROPs (Rho‐related GTPases of plants) are small GTPases that are plant‐specific signaling proteins. They act as molecular switches in a variety of developmental processes. In this study, seven cDNA clones coding for ROP GTPases have been isolated in Medicago truncatula, and conserved and divergent domains are identified in these predicted MtROP proteins. Phylogenetic analysis has indicated that MtROPs are distributed into groups II, III, IV but group I. MtROP genes are expressed in various tissues at different levels. A quantitative reverse transcription PCR analysis indicated that these MtROP genes have different expression profiles in the roots in response to infection with rhizobia. The expression of MtROP3, MtROP5 and MtROP6 are increased, as the expression of Nod factor or rhizobial‐induced marker genes—NFP, Rip1 and Enod11; MtROP10 has showed enhanced expression at a certain post‐inoculation time point. No significant changes in MtROP7 and MtROP9 expression have been detected and MtROP8 expression is dramatically decreased by about 80%–90%. Additionally, ROP promoter‐GUS analysis has showed that MtROP3, MtROP5 and MtROP6 have elevated expression in transgenic root hairs after rhizobial inoculation. These results might suggest a role for some ROP GTPases in the regulation of early stages during rhizobial infection in symbiosis.
Inhibition of Mycobacterial Growth by Plumbagin Derivatives
Authors: Mathew Ritta , Kruthiventi Anil K. , Prasad Jalli V. , Kumar Sadula P. , Srinu Garlapati , Chatterji Dipankar 
Published: May 2010

Electron transport and respiratory pathways are active in both latent and rapidly growing mycobacteria and remain conserved in all mycobacterial species. In mycobacteria, menaquinone is the sole electron carrier responsible for electron transport. Menaquinone biosynthesis pathway is found to be essential for the growth of mycobacteria. Structural analogs of the substrate or product of this pathway are found to be inhibitory for the growth of Mycobacterium smegmatis and M. tuberculosis. Several plumbagin [5‐hydroxy‐2‐methyl‐1, 4‐naphthaquinone] derivatives have been analyzed for their inhibitory effects of which butyrate plumbagin was found to be most effective on M. smegmatis mc2155, whereas crotonate plumbagin showed greater activity on M. tuberculosis H37Rv. Effect on electron transport and respiration was demonstrated by butyrate plumbagin inhibiting oxygen consumption in M. smegmatis. Structural modifications of these molecules can further be improved upon to generate new molecules against mycobacteria.
Discourse Markers across Speakers and Settings
Authors: Fox Tree Jean E. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractViewing discourse markers as one of a class of signals that communicators use to manage conversation can help make sense of the varied and contradictory functions ascribed to them. Issues for further testing include demonstrating that speakers and listeners ascribe particular functions to particular markers, tracking the development of these functions as children age, tracking how these functions are adopted by second language learners, and documenting how discourse marker use changes across technological settings.
Does Economic Growth Cause Environmental Recovery? Geographical Explanations of Forest Regrowth
Authors: Mansfield Becky , Munroe Darla K. , McSweeney Kendra 
Published: May 2010

AbstractThis study examines the links between economic change and environmental recovery. We first review the influential framework known as Forest Transition Theory (FTT), which uses the experience of the North to posit a causal linkage between economic growth and forest regrowth. We then lay out problems with this theory and offer an alternative. Our central argument is that FTT provides faulty explanations of forest regrowth because it treats economic development as a characteristic of places. Drawing from geographical scholarship that sees economic development as occurring through dynamic relationships among places, we contend instead that forest regrowth in the North is due not to a universal process of economic development, but rather reflects the ability of wealthy regions to import forest and agricultural products, thereby exporting environmental impact. Economic growth, therefore, cannot be prescribed as a universal catalyst for environmental recovery because any such recovery relies on degradation elsewhere. Future research on forest regrowth should investigate multiple environment–economy relationships that both create and depend on differences among places.
The Academic Geography Video Genre: A Methodological Examination
Authors: Bauch Nicholas 
Published: May 2010

AbstractThis article compliments the video “Across Space: Finding the farm in the city.” It first outlines key methodological considerations in the production of a video in the academic geography video genre, including technology, scripting, editing, and the implications of authorship related to each of these. Then it discusses the intellectual aims of the video, which are to (i) show where the farm is represented in the city, (ii) show that by using the categories of urban and rural it allows us to attach values to places of a certain character, sometimes unjustifiably so, and (iii) demonstrate the transformative properties of space, i.e., how the meanings of artifacts change when they are used in different spatial contexts. The article concludes with methodological suggestions for other videographers wishing to produce motion pictures that relate themes frequently undertaken in academic geography.
From the Background to the Spotlight: TASK Channels in Pathological Conditions
Authors: Bittner Stefan , Budde Thomas , Wiendl Heinz , Meuth Sven G. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractTWIK‐related acid‐sensitive potassium channels (TASK1–3) belong to the family of two‐pore domain (K2P) potassium channels. Emerging knowledge about an involvement of TASK channels in cancer development, inflammation, ischemia and epilepsy puts the spotlight on a leading role of TASK channels under these conditions. TASK3 has been especially linked to cancer development. The pro‐oncogenic potential of TASK3 could be shown in cell lines and in various tumor entities. Pathophysiological hallmarks in solid tumors (e.g. low pH and oxygen deprivation) regulate TASK3 channels. These conditions can also be found in (autoimmune) inflammation. Inhibition of TASK1,2,3 leads to a reduction of T cell effector function. It could be demonstrated that TASK1−/−mice are protected from experimental autoimmune inflammation while the same animals display increased infarct volumes after cerebral ischemia. Furthermore, TASK channels have both an anti‐epileptic as well as a pro‐epileptic potential. The relative contribution of these opposing influences depends on their cell type‐specific expression and the conditions of the cellular environment. This indicates that TASK channels are per se neither protective nor detrimental but their functional impact depends on the “pathophysiological” scenario. Based on these findings TASK channels have evolved from “mere background” channels to key modulators in pathophysiological conditions.
On Model Selection Curves
Authors: Müller Samuel , Welsh Alan H. 
Published: May 2010

Summary Many popular methods of model selection involve minimizing a penalized function of the data (such as the maximized log‐likelihood or the residual sum of squares) over a set of models. The penalty in the criterion function is controlled by a penalty multiplier λ which determines the properties of the procedure. In this paper, we first review model selection criteria of the simple form “Loss + Penalty” and then propose studying such model selection criteria as functions of the penalty multiplier. This approach can be interpreted as exploring the stability of model selection criteria through what we call model selection curves. It leads to new insights into model selection and new proposals on how to select models. We use the bootstrap to enhance the basic model selection curve and develop convenient numerical and graphical summaries of the results. The methodology is illustrated on two data sets and supported by a small simulation. We show that the new methodology can outperform methods such as AIC and BIC which correspond to single points on a model selection curve.
Metabolic Abnormalities in Adult and Geriatric Major Depression With and Without Comorbid Dementia
Authors: Blank Karen , Szarek Bonnie L. , Goethe John W. 
Published: May 2010

J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich). 2010;12:456–461. ©2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.Metabolic abnormalities and metabolic syndrome (MetS) increasingly have been linked to depression. The authors studied examined inpatients 35 years and older with major depressive disorder (MDD) to determine the prevalence of component metabolic abnormalities and the full MetS with age, treatment, and comorbid dementia. Data analysis involved retrospective cross‐sectional review from a nonprofit psychiatry inpatient service of all discharges 35 years and older with a diagnosis of MDD during a 3 year period (April 1, 2003 to March 31, 2006) (N=1718). Metabolic measures included waist circumference, lipid measurements, glucose, and hypertension diagnosis. Abnormal metabolic measures and MetS were highly prevalent in both young and old patients with MDD: one or more component was present in 87.6% of older (65–99 years old) and 79.9% of younger patients. Full MetS was present in 31.5% of older and 28.9% of younger patients (not significant, P=0.85). Metabolic abnormalities were not associated with atypical antipsychotics after controlling other variables. One‐quarter (n=79, 24.9%) of older inpatients had a dementia co‐diagnosis. Older patients with MDD and dementia had greater risk of elevated glucose while younger patients were more often hypertensive. Longitudinal studies are needed to determine the relationships of MDD with or without dementia with these highly prevalent abnormal metabolic measures and MetS.
Why Physicians Do Not Prescribe a Thiazide Diuretic
Authors: Sutton Emily , Wilson Holly , Kaboli Peter J. , Carter Barry L. 
Published: May 2010

J ClinHypertens (Greenwich). 2010;12:502–507. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.The purpose of this study was to evaluate the reasons physicians provided when the Seventh Report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure (JNC 7) guidelines recommending a thiazide diuretic as a first line treatment for hypertension were not followed. A subsample of patients from a randomized controlled study who had uncontrolled blood pressure at an index visit and were not prescribed a thiazide were evaluated. Differences in groups that received any medication change or therapeutic lifestyle changes counseling and those that did not were compared. Differences in treatment were also compared for patients who received educational materials with or without telephone calls and financial incentive with a control group. The authors examined whether patients achieved blood pressure control in 12 months. The results show providers are not aggressive enough with getting blood pressure to goal and patients who are more educated about hypertension may be less likely to experience clinical inertia.