bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Circulating procalcitonin in aseptic carcinoma patients: a specificity study with 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron-emission tomography/computed tomography as benchmark
Authors: Giovanella Luca , Suriano Sergio , Ricci Riccardo , Ravani Paolo , Ceriani Luca 
Published: May 2010

Abstract

Background: The goal of the study was to evaluate the specificity of serum procalcitonin (PCT) in a large cohort of patients with solid carcinomas at different stages.

Methods: The study involved 447 patients having histologically confirmed carcinoma of the breast, head and neck, ovary, cervix or non-small cell lung carcinoma. Patients with a history of small cell lung cancer, neuroendocrine tumors, medullary thyroid carcinoma, sepsis, systemic inflammatory syndrome, renal failure and/or serum C-reactive protein above 5 ng/mL were excluded. Additionally, those with suspicious infectious or inflammatory diseases in 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron-emission tomography/computed tomography were also excluded. Serum PCT concentrations were measured using a Kryptor system (BRAHMS) and a clinical cut-off at 0.5 ng/mL was used to define positive results.

Results: Serum PCT concentrations did not change at different cancer stages (Kruskal-Wallis, p>0.05). No patient had a PCT concentration >0.5 ng/mL.

Conclusions: Our data show that solid carcinomas “per se” did not increase circulating PCT concentrations, regardless of the histotype and stage of the disease.
Clin Chem Lab Med 2010;48:1163–5.
Thyroglobulin measurement in fine-needle aspirates of lymph nodes in patients with differentiated thyroid cancer: a simple definition of the threshold value, with emphasis on potential pitfalls of the method
Authors: Bournaud Claire , Charrié Anne , Nozières Cécile , Chikh Karim , Lapras Véronique , Denier Marie-Laure , Paulin Christian , Decaussin-Petrucci Myriam , Peix Jean-Louis , Lifante Jean-Christophe , Cornu Catherine , Giraud Céline , Orgiazzi Jacques , Borson-Chazot Françoise 
Published: May 2010

Abstract

Background: Thyroglobulin measurements in fine-needle aspirate (FNA-Tg) is an accurate method for the diagnosis of lymph node metastasis in differentiated thyroid carcinoma. The goal of this study is to determine the most appropriate diagnostic threshold value for FNA-Tg.

Methods: Ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration-cytology (FNA-C) and FNA-Tg were performed on suspicious lymph nodes in 114 consecutive patients with thyroid cancer prior to thyroidectomy (n=13) or during follow-up (n=93), and in 16 control subjects. Functional sensitivity of the thyroglobulin assay was 0.7 ng/mL. Sensitivity and specificity of FNA-Tg and FNA-C were determined for different cut-off values within a range of 0.69–1.34 nanogram/punction (ng/p) using receiver operating characteristic curve analysis.

Results: The FNA-Tg cut-off value of 0.93 ng/p offers the best diagnostic performances: 94.2% sensitivity, 97.8% specificity. FNA-C showed 100% specificity in diagnostic samples, but low sensitivity of 71% due primarily to inadequate samples. Combining FNA-C and FNA-Tg resulted in 98% sensitivity and 100% specificity.

Conclusions: A unique threshold of 0.93 ng/p gives high sensitivity and specificity, even in non-thyroidectomized patients. However, since false negative results may be observed in poorly differentiated thyroid cancer, FNA-C should remain combined to FNA-Tg.
Clin Chem Lab Med 2010;48:1171–7.
Examination of the mode I critical stress intensity factor of wood obtained by single-edge-notched bending test
Authors: Yoshihara Hiroshi 
Published: May 2010

AbstractThe critical stress intensity factor of mode I (KIc) obtained by single-edge-notched bending (SENB) tests of wood was experimentally and numerically analyzed. A double cantilever beam (DCB) test was also conducted and the results were compared with those of SENB tests. TheKIcvalue was obtained by introducing an additional crack length into the equations used for analyzing the SENB test of isotropic material when the initial crack length ranged from 0.1 to 0.6 times the depth of the specimen.
Predicting the longitudinal modulus of elasticity of Sitka spruce from cellulose orientation and abundance
Authors: McLean J. Paul , Evans Robert , Moore John R. 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
Sitka spruce (Picea sitchensis) is the most widely planted commercial tree species in the United Kingdom and Ireland. Because of the increasing use of this species for construction, the ability to predict wood stiffness is becoming more important. In this paper, a number of models are developed using data on cellulose abundance and orientation obtained from the SilviScan-3 system to predict the longitudinal modulus of elasticity (MOE) of small defect-free specimens. Longitudinal MOE was obtained from both bending tests and a sonic resonance technique. Overall, stronger relationships were found between the various measures of cellulose abundance and orientation and the dynamic MOE obtained from the sonic resonance measurements, rather than with the static MOE obtained from bending tests. There was only a moderate relationship between wood bulk density and dynamic MOE (R2=0.423), but this relationship was improved when density was divided by microfibril angle (R2=0.760). The best model for predicting both static and dynamic MOE involved the product of bulk density and the coefficient of variation in the azimuthal intensity profile (R2=0.725 and 0.862, respectively). The model parameters obtained for Sitka spruce differed from those obtained in earlier studies on Pinus radiata and Eucalyptus delegatensis, indicating that the model might require recalibration before it can be applied to different species.
Patterns of Population Structure and Environmental Associations to Aridity Across the Range of Loblolly Pine (Pinus taedaL., Pinaceae)
Authors: Eckert Andrew J , van Heerwaarden Joost , Wegrzyn Jill L , Nelson C Dana , Ross-Ibarra Jeffrey , González-Martínez Santíago C , Neale David B 
Published: May 2010

AbstractNatural populations of forest trees exhibit striking phenotypic adaptations to diverse environmental gradients, thereby making them appealing subjects for the study of genes underlying ecologically relevant phenotypes. Here, we use a genome-wide data set of single nucleotide polymorphisms genotyped across 3059 functional genes to study patterns of population structure and identify loci associated with aridity across the natural range of loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.). Overall patterns of population structure, as inferred using principal components and Bayesian cluster analyses, were consistent with three genetic clusters likely resulting from expansions out of Pleistocene refugia located in Mexico and Florida. A novel application of association analysis, which removes the confounding effects of shared ancestry on correlations between genetic and environmental variation, identified five loci correlated with aridity. These loci were primarily involved with abiotic stress response to temperature and drought. A unique set of 24 loci was identified as FST outliers on the basis of the genetic clusters identified previously and after accounting for expansions out of Pleistocene refugia. These loci were involved with a diversity of physiological processes. Identification of nonoverlapping sets of loci highlights the fundamental differences implicit in the use of either method and suggests a pluralistic, yet complementary, approach to the identification of genes underlying ecologically relevant phenotypes.
Revision of theMelolontha guttigeraGroup (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) with a Key and an Annotated Checklist of the East and South-East AsianMelolonthaGroups
Authors: Li Chun-Lin , Yang Ping-Shih , Wang Chuan-Chan 
Published: May 2010

AbstractThe Oriental Melolontha guttigera species group is revised with synopsis, a key to species, description of a new species, redescriptions of known species, remarks, illustrations, and distribution map, The guttigera species group is the only representative of the genus with its distribution extending southward from the eastern Himalayas to Indochina and crossing the equator to Java. Five species are known in this group, including a new species, M. setifera, from Myanmar. Lectotypes are designated for Melolontha guttigera Sharp and Melolontha weyersi Brenske. A key for the East and South-East Asian species group of the genus is provided, An annotated checklist of Melolontha species recorded in the region is updated in which several nomenclatural changes are proposed as follows: Hoplosternus carinata Brenske, Hoplosternus malaccensis Moser, Hoplosternus incana Motschulsky, and Hoplosternus shanghaiana Brenske are transferred to Melolontha; Melolontha fuliginosa Fairmaire and Melolontha laticauda Bates are transferred to Exolontha; Hoplosternus laevipennis Blanchard is transferred to Tocama; Hoplosternus heydeni Moser n. syn. = Melolontha chinensis (Guérin-Méneville); Melolontha nitidicollis Blanchard n. syn. = Melolontha indica Hope; Hoplosternus bifurcatus Brenske n. syn. = Melolontha furcienanda Ancey; Melolontha albidiventris Fairmaire n. syn. = Tocama rubiginosa (Fairmaire); Hoplesternus squamulatus Frey n. syn. = Tocama laevipennis (Blanchard); Melolontha hualiensis Kobayashi et Chou n. syn. = Melolontha minima Kobayashi.
The Genus Minanga Cameron (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) in China, with Description of a New Subgenus and Species
Authors: Tan Jiang-Li , He Jun-Hua , Chen Xue-Xin 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
A new species of Minanga Cameron (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Sigalphinae), Minanga brevicarinata Tan & Chen, sp. nov., from China is described and illustrated, Previously known mainly from the Afrotropical region (eight species), with one species recently described from the Nearctic region, the genus is recorded for the first time from the boundary of Palearctic and Oriental regions. A new subgenus, Anopliminanga subgen. nov., is proposed to include two species (Minanga achterbergi Sharkey and Minanga brevicarinata sp. nov.). A key to species of the genus Minanga is updated. The distribution of Minanga and the new subgenus are briefly discussed.
“Good Readers Make Good Doctors”: Community Readings and the Health of the Community
Authors: Levin Amy , Davis Phoebe Stein 
Published: May 2010

One of my best experiences as a professor of literature—one of those moments that make the whole endeavor worthwhile—occurred during a discussion of Kafka'sThe Metamorphosisin the visitation room of a former funeral parlor. The building had been acquired by my local hospital and converted into a meeting space with rickety metal folding tables, and it was home to my first Literature & Medicine reading and discussion group.That night, I was experimenting with a risky pairing, linking Kafka's text with an article on doctors and sex-reassignment surgery for infants born with ambiguous genitalia (Feder 294–320). As health-care professionals, members of this reading community were excited by Kafka's adeptness at conveying the array of emotions experienced by Gregor Samsa and his family, including shame, rage, helplessness, and fear at the sudden change in a loved one. The economic dilemmas of the isolated family, together with their sudden questioning of the definition of the monstrous, gained new echoes and generated fresh readings.For me as a scholar, the insights evoked by this pairing generated the same excitement and sense of discovery I experience after successfully explaining a complicated bit of literary interpretation. In turn, the Literature & Medicine programs sponsored by many state humanities councils create valuable reading communities by bringing scholars into hospitals to discuss texts about medical issues with doctors, nurses, and other employees. They offer critically important opportunities for health-care workers to talk about issues that may not arise elsewhere. For example, discussions of sex-reassignment surgery remain taboo in many hospitals, precisely because for many staff and family members the very idea of intersexuality is monstrous. On a broader basis, the effect of Gregor's change on his family echoes the consequences of the sudden disability of a family member. The pairing I presented thus allowed hospital staff members new, more sympathetic insights as well as opportunities to talk about the topics outside the press of everyday practice.—Amy Levin
Consultation of Orthopaedics Cases Using Multimedia Messaging Services
Authors: Eranki Vivek , Munt Justin , Lim Ming J , Atkinson Robert 
Published: May 2010

Background:Frequently, radiological data is transferred verbally between the Emergency Department (ED) and orthopaedic registrar. Given the different language skills and medical experience of health staff, there is often a limit to the adequacy of the verbal description that could lead to suboptimal patient care. This study proposes that concurrent review of MMS teleradiology with traditional verbal reporting results in a significant therapeutic benefit.Methods:Case notes of 40 patients who presented to ED were reviewed. Images were captured and sent to an Orthopaedic registrar along with a brief clinical synopsis. Information was collected on the diagnosis of the MMS radiograph, need for urgent admission and management plan outlined to ED.Results:Correct diagnosis was made in 27 of 40 cases. Using the latest technology available, MMS teleradiology had 79% sensitivity, 83% specificity and an accuracy of 80%. 50% of paediatric fractures and 60% of undisplaced fractures were diagnosed successfully.Conclusion:MMS teleradiology is not suitable by itself as a remote diagnostic tool. However, when combined with existing clinical practice, it is effective in screening patients, enhances confidence in decision making and communication between doctors.
Phonetic: Semantic Mediated False Recognition: Does Activation Fail to Spread?
Authors: Wallace William P. , Salapska-Gelleri Joanna , Belz Christine L. , Owen Melanie A. 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
Spoken word recognition involves brief activation of candidate words. Six experiments examined whether words semantically related to phonologically activated words would be falsely recognized. Experiments 1 and 2 involved homophones as test words; Experiment 3 used strong associates for the semantic mediation link. Experiment 4 approximated lists of "strong" converging associates. Experiment 5 expanded the real time needed for word identification by using a gating procedure during study. In Experiment 6, the goal was to create a more sensitive test by requiring participants to indicate which of two lures (mediated or control) was "most likely" to be new. Recognition errors were sensitive to separate phonetic and semantic stages in the mediated chain; however, there was little evidence of mediated false recognition, despite expectations derived from common models of spreading activation.
The Effect of Written Text on Comprehension of Spoken English as a Foreign Language
Authors: Diao Yali , Chandler Paul , Sweller John 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
Based on cognitive load theory, this study investigated the effect of simultaneous written presentations on comprehension of spoken English as a foreign language. Learners’ language comprehension was compared while they used 3 instructional formats: listening with auditory materials only, listening with a full, written script, and listening with simultaneous subtitled text. Listening with the presence of a script and subtitles led to better understanding of the scripted and subtitled passage but poorer performance on a subsequent auditory passage than listening with the auditory materials only. These findings indicated that where the intention was learning to listen, the use of a full script or subtitles had detrimental effects on the construction and automation of listening comprehension schemas.
The Effect of Divided Attention on Global Judgment of Learning Accuracy
Authors: Barnes Kelly Anne , Dougherty Michael R. 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
This study examined the effect of divided attention (DA) on global judgment of learning (JOL) accuracy in a multitrial list learning paradigm. A word monitoring task was used to divide attention. Participants were assigned to an attention condition (DA at encoding, DA at judgment, DA at retrieval, or focused attention) and completed 4 learning trials, each comprising a study, judgment, and recall phase. Participants showed greater overconfidence in the DA at encoding (Trial 2) and DA at retrieval (Trials 1 and 2) conditions than in the focused attention condition. DA at judgment did not affect JOL accuracy, and there was no effect of DA in Trials 3 and 4 on JOL accuracy across all attention conditions. Results indicate that participants consider conditions of encoding and retrieval but do not engage in recall when forming global JOLs. These findings suggest that people rely on extrinsic cues (Koriat, 1997) when making repeated, global metamemory judgments.
Altruistic Behavior and the Bidimensional Just World Belief
Authors: Bègue Laurent , Charmoillaux Marie , Cochet Julien , Cury Caroline , de Suremain Florence 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
Thirty participants were sampled after donating charity to a street beggar and were compared by means of 2 short scales of belief in a just world for self (BJWS) and belief in a just world for others (BJWO) with 30 randomly selected people who passed the beggar by without donating charity. We assumed that BJWO would be negatively related to altruistic behavior, whereas BJWS would be positively linked with it. A logistic regression analysis introducing BJWS, BJWO, and participants’ age and gender as predictors showed that BJWO was negatively related to altruistic behavior, whereas the BJWS tended to be positively associated to it. No effects were observed for age or gender.
Effect of Pacing and Working Memory Loads on Error Type Patterns in a Routine Skill
Authors: Cassenti Daniel N. , Carlson Richard A. 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
Event counting provides a laboratory paradigm for studying types and causes of error in routine activity. Experiment 1 demonstrated that as more time per event is allowed, counting errors typically are undercounts, then overcounts as the time per event is extended to approximately 3 s. Experiments 2 and 3 examined 2 possible causes of this phenomenon, forgetting and confusions due to overrehearsal of the next number to be used. These findings demonstrate that overcount errors during event counting are reduced by working memory loads, which may result from a lower ability to rehearse the current total. Implications for theoretical accounts of goal representation, control, and error monitoring are discussed.
Relationships between Personality Variables and Bizarreness Effects in Free Recall
Authors: Moss Brett J. , Worthen James B. , Haydel Leslie A. , Mahon Blaithin D. Mac , Savoy Sarah C. 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
Relationships between 6 personality variables and each of 3 different measures of recall for bizarre and common sentences were examined. The personality variables investigated included measures of sensation seeking, novelty experiencing, desire for novelty, arousal-seeking tendency, social potency, and conservatism. Recall was measured in terms of sentences accessed, target words recovered per accessed sentence, and misplaced target words. The results indicated the typical pattern of bizarreness effects on recall and significant relationships between personality variables and these effects. Arousal seeking and conservatism were positively related to a bizarreness advantage in sentences accessed. Additionally, high social potency was related to the recovery of more details from common than bizarre sentences, and high desire for novelty was related to a greater bizarre misplacement effect. The results are discussed in terms of orienting and defensive responses to bizarreness.
Strategy Use in Mental Subtraction Determines Central Executive Load
Authors: Tronsky Loel N. , McManus Melissa , Anderson Eric C. 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
A dual task method was used to examine the relationship between strategy use and working memory load during subtraction problem solving. Undergraduates mentally solved subtraction problems alone and while performing secondary tasks that involved the central executive of working memory. Analyses revealed that a central executive task involving response selection and input monitoring (CRT-R task) interfered more with subtraction problem solving than a task that involved only input monitoring (SRT-R task). Additional analyses showed that the CRT-R task interfered more when participants used a nonretrieval (counting) strategy than a retrieval strategy. These findings suggest that the response selection subcomponent of the central executive is involved during both retrieval-based and non-retrieval-based simple subtraction problem solving but is involved more during the latter.
Exploring Students’ Prospective Memory Inside and Outside the Lab
Authors: Kim Paul Y. , Mayhorn Christopher B. 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
This study compared activity-based intentions with event- and time-based intentions. Forty-five participants completed a laboratory session that tested activity-, event-, and time-based prospective memory. Participants were then asked to keep a record of their planned academic and work-related activities for 1 week. Results revealed a main effect of context such that participants were better at performing intentions in the naturalistic setting than in the laboratory. A strong trend of intention type showed that event-based tasks were more likely to be performed than activity- and time-based tasks. An interaction of context and intention type suggested that participants were significantly better at performing time-based tasks in the naturalistic setting than in the lab. Nearly half of the participants reported using simple memory aids such as alarm clocks, parent or friend reminders, or other external cues. Strikingly, very few reported using electronic devices to aid their memory for future intentions.
Measuring Cognitive Distance in the Network Representations of Texts
Authors: Dopkins Stephen , Sargent Jesse 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
Pairs of words are identified more quickly as coming from different sentences the further apart the words are in the network representation of their native text. How is the distance between the words measured? According to the network connection hypothesis, the distance between 2 words is the length of the network path between the propositions to which they belong, as measured by a process of spreading activation. According to the location code hypothesis, the distance between 2 words is the difference between codes that record the locations of their propositions in the network representation. The results of 3 experiments supported the network connection hypothesis.
Individual Differences in the Influence of Time of Day on Executive Functions
Authors: Bennett Carol L. , Petros Thomas V. , Johnson Matthew , Ferraro F. Richard 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
Previous research has documented the impact of time of day on vigilance and memory and the moderating influence of circadian typology (morningness-eveningness) on the relationship between time of testing and cognitive processes. This study examined the impact of circadian typology and time of testing on executive functions. Morning-type and evening-type people were randomly assigned to a morning or afternoon testing time, and their performance on neuropsychological tests, including the Conners Continuous Performance Test (CPT), the Digit Span test, the Controlled Oral Word Association Test (COWAT), and the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) was compared. No interactions between circadian typology and time of day were observed on the CPT or Digit Span test. A time of day effect was found on the letter generation portion of the COWAT. More words were generated in the afternoon than in the morning. In contrast, performance on the WCST was best when morning-type participants were tested at their optimal time of day. These findings suggest that circadian typology should be considered when scheduling neuropsychological assessments, rehabilitation training, and critical job tasks.