bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A comparative study of the effect of two educational methods of motivational interviewing and peers on self-efficacy of female high school students in relation to puberty health
Authors: Mohamadi Sarah , Alizadeh Narges , Motaghi Zahra , Paryab Sahar , Garkaz Omid 
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND:
Adolescents experience many physical and psychological changes during adolescence. Not paying attention to the issue of girls’ puberty may have a negative impact on their mental health and self-efficacy in future. The aim of this study was to compare the two methods of motivational interviews and peers on puberty health of female high school students.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
This study was performed semi-experimental intervention on 334 high school students in 2019 through multi-stage randomization. Data using two demographic questionnaires and Scherrer self-efficacy questionnaire in three stages (pre-test, immediately after the test and one month after the test). It was collected that in the motivational interview group, 5 training sessions were presented, and in the peer group, only one training session was taught to the peers and the control group was not trained in any intervention.

RESULTS:
Immediately after, and 1 month after the intervention, the two intervention groups had significantly better scores in self-efficacy compared to the control group (P = 0.001). The mean score of self-efficacy in the control group in the three time periods before, immediately, and one month after the intervention, respectively (50.75 ± 5.322, 50.45 ± 5.34, 50.45 ± 5.37), in the motivational interview group (50.56 ± 5.95, 53.63 ± 5.83, 56.03 ± 6.49) and in the peer group (50.10 ± 5.62, 54.40 ± 4.28, 59.19 ± 4.43) was. Moreover, there were significant differences in self-efficacy scores within and between the groups by time (P < 0.001) in intervention groups.

CONCLUSION:
This study showed that puberty health education increases students’ self-efficacy, that correct information should be conveyed by peers and motivational interview, and motivational interview is more effective.
Thematic analysis of the policies of Iran's health higher education
Authors: Sarshar Mitra , Yazdani Shahram , Jadidfard Mohammad Pooyan , Shams Lida 
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND:
In 1985, the Iranian parliament approved the integration of Medical Education and Health Services and the establishment of the Ministry of Health and Medical Education, which has since been the policymaker of Health Higher Education in Iran. The policies are not based on a codified framework and many were abolished at some point. Some critical issues are not addressed and some activities overlap. The purpose of the present study was to identify the content themes of core policies in the Iranian Health Higher Education system and provide a detailed policy orientation taxonomy.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
This qualitative study was conducted in 2019 using the thematic content analysis of documents relevant to Higher Education and Health Higher Education, including upstream documents, and documents and enactments of the Deputy Minister of Education and its policy centers.

RESULTS:
From 586 policy documents, six main themes or six core policy orientations in the Health Higher Education System were identified, including Development of Medical Education System Policies; Ensuring the Alignment of Operations with Policies; Policies Related to Medical Education Development; Value-orientation; Networking and Development of Medical Education System Interactions; and the Development of Research, Management, and Translation of Medical Education knowledge.

CONCLUSION:
Developing a taxonomy of Health Higher Education policy orientations helps policymakers identify the neglected and overstressed areas. It can provide education policymakers with categorized and comprehensive information to quickly access accurate information, make informed decisions, avoid mistakes, and increase productivity.
Challenges of postgraduate emergency nursing program in Iran
Authors: Norouzadeh Reza , Abbasi Mohammad 
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND:
Some nursing schools in Iran with the aim of training qualified nurses have set up master's degrees in emergency nursing. In any case, there are challenges in the implementation of this discipline in academic nursing centers which prevent the fulfillment of goals and missions in the curriculum.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
In this qualitative study, four graduates of the master of emergency nursing and 13 undergraduate students were purposively recruited from the Nursing and Midwifery Faculty in Qom, Iran. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews and analyzed through conventional content analysis.

RESULTS:
Emergency nursing master's program challenges consist of two categories: nonproductive course design and unresolved infrastructure. The extracted subcategories were unfit curriculum, inappropriate content, nonspecialized program, unclear roles, improper course planning, unskilled human resources, and poor educational facilities.

CONCLUSION:
Based on the experiences of nursing graduates, the curriculum of master of emergency nursing in Iran needs to be substantially revised in terms of content and structure.
Application of the theory of planned behavior in the design and implementation of a behavior-based safety plan in the workplace
Authors: Gh Masoud Motalebi , Kandi Zahra Rahimi Khalifeh , Rostamzadeh Sajjad , Farshad Aliasghar 
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND:
Many accidents in industries occur due to unsafe practices and unsafe conditions. Occupational accidents endanger the health of workers and impose excessive costs on the employers. This study was designed and conducted to evaluate and implement a behavior-based safety approach in an industrial workplace based on the theory of planned behavior.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
The present study was a quasi-experimental study performed on 90 supervisors of an industrial workplace. Behavior-based safety interventions were performed based on the components of the theory of planned behavior using nine strategies of health education and health promotion, including skills training, participation, and social support. The data collection tool consisted of a researcher-made questionnaire that was answered by the supervisors before and 6 months after the intervention. The collected data were evaluated using SPSS 22 software. The significance level was considered 0.05.

RESULTS:
The results showed that the constructs of subjective norms, attitude, and perceived control of behavior predict the safe behavior of supervisors. After behavior-based safety interventions, significant changes were observed in subjective norms, intention, attitude, and perceived control of behavior (P < 0.001) compared to before the intervention.

CONCLUSION:
The results of this study showed the improvement of safe behavior of supervisors in the workplace due to behavioral-based safety interventions using the theory of planned behavior. Accordingly, this theory can be used as a suitable theoretical framework for designing and implementing interventions to promote safe behaviors of employees in the workplace.
Exploring faculty perspectives on competency-based medical education
Authors: Ramanathan Rashmi , Shanmugam Jeevithan , Sridhar Magadi Gopalakrishna , Palanisamy Kalaniti , Narayanan Seetharaman 
Published: April 2024

INTRODUCTION:
Medical education in India is experiencing a paradigm shift from traditional curriculum to competency-based medical education (CBME). It de-emphasizes time-based training and promises greater accountability, flexibility, and learner centeredness. Faculty development is integral in the context of CBME. Considering faculty perceptions toward the new CBME and addressing the difficulties will play a vital role in successful implementation.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
A cross-sectional study was carried out among 297 teaching faculty in 91 medical colleges across 20 states all over India between February and July 2020. A structured validated questionnaire on CBME was used to collect the responses through Google forms and was exported and analyzed in Microsoft Excel.

RESULTS:
More than 80% opined that Faculty members in departments are not adequate for successful CBME implementation. Reflective learning, early clinical exposure, and elective posting were accepted by 60.2%, 70.4%, and 45.5% of the faculty, respectively. Around 81.8% welcomed horizontal integration, whereas only 54.2% favored vertical integration during the Phase I MBBS.

CONCLUSION:
Few reforms such as curtailing the duration of foundation course, sensitization of all medical teachers through faculty development programs, better synchronized vertical integration, increasing the strength of faculty in each department, and adequate infrastructure for skills laboratory can be undertaken as per faculty suggestions.
Management of students’ uncivil behaviors in academic environments
Authors: Farzi Fatemeh , Hasanvand Shirin , Goudarzi Fateme , Gavgani Monireh Tahvildarzadeh , Mokhayeri Yaser 
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND:
Incivility has been raised as a growing concern and a hot topic in nursing education. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of a context-based educational intervention on the nursing students’ civility index and their perception of uncivil behaviors.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
This quasi-experimental study was done from 2019 to 2020 in Khorramabad, Iran. A context-based educational intervention focusing on problem-based scenarios was conducted for 4 weeks. Clark Civility Index for Students and Classmates (2017) and Clark Incivility Scale in the University Environment (2014) were used. Data were analyzed using Stata, descriptive statistics, and paired t-test.

RESULTS:
There was a significant difference between the mean score of students’ civility index before and after the intervention (8.31 points increase, P = 0.004). However, there was no significant difference between the mean score of the civility index for classmates before and after the intervention. Furthermore, the mean score of students’ perception of incivility after the intervention increased by 5.88 points, which confirmed the significant effect of the intervention in improving students’ understanding of uncivil behaviors (P = 0.018).

CONCLUSIONS:
Considering the effectiveness of the problem-based scenario along with other strategies such as journal club and self-learning in increasing the awareness of civility and improving the civility index, the use of these strategies is recommended in order to reduce incivility.
Development of leading indicators for the assessment of occupational health performance using Reason's Swiss cheese model
Authors: Karimi Ali , Abbasi Milad , Zokaei Mojtaba , Falahati Mohsen 
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND:
The Swiss cheese model of accident causation is a model used in risk analysis and risk management, including aviation safety, engineering, healthcare, and emergency service organizations, and as the principle behind layered security, as used in computer security and defense in-depth. This study aimed to develop and weight the occupational health leading indicators using the Swiss cheese model.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
The present study was a descriptive, cross-sectional study; occupational health performance assessment indicators were classified into five main groups of chemical, physical, ergonomic, psychosocial, and biological harmful agents. In addition, potential hazards and their prevention methods were identified using the Swiss cheese model. The leading performance measurement indicators (n = 64) were developed based on preventive methods and were weighted and rated by fuzzy analytic hierarchy process.

RESULTS:
Thirty-six out of 64 indicators were related to the management measures, 25 indicators were related to exposure to harmful occupational agents, and the remaining indicators were occupational-related illnesses and diseases rate. Considering the importance and frequency of indicators, psychological agents were the most important indicators (40%) and physical agents had the greatest frequency (59%).

CONCLUSIONS:
Process of indicators' development has demonstrated that the major occupational health prevention measures in the oil and gas industry are concentrated on physical, psychological, and chemical agents, respectively. Thus, to provide protection for employees against occupational diseases and improve health performance indicators, paying special attention to mentioned agents is essential in the oil and gas industry.
Identifying the roles of medical librarians in COVID-19 crisis in Iran
Authors: Kazempour Zahra , Soleymani Mohammad Reza , Najafi Nayere Sadat Soleimanzade , Ashrafi-rizi Hasan 
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND:
The best mechanisms for medical librarians to be more involved in health, especially during crisis condition, and to expand their roles are using experiences of other individuals and performing new activities. This study aimed to identify the roles of medical librarians in the COVID-19 crisis in Iran.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
This research was done by a qualitative content analysis method. Research participants in the first phase included whole scientific papers (19 documents) which had been published by medical librarians related to the COVID-19 issue and in the second phase 10 medical librarians involved in the COVID-19 who were interviewed and continued until data saturation. Data were collected through each interview, and data analysis was performed using content analysis method. Then, obtained information of the first and second phases was merged together, and codes, subcategories as well as main categories were formed.

RESULTS:
According to the results, 7 main categories and 24 subcategories regarding the roles of librarians in COVID-19 crisis were identified. The main categories include hygiene services promotion, development of health information-seeking skills, health research services, interaction-level development, evidence-based policy development, information dissemination services promotion, and management services development. Furthermore, regarding barriers to the role of medical librarians in the COVID-19 crisis in Iran, four subcategories were identified that are medical librarian-related barriers, organization-related barriers, profession-related barriers, and context of society (country conditions)-related barriers.

CONCLUSION:
Medical librarians relatively have been able to provide effective health information services to managers, health-care specialists, and the general public in a variety of health fields.
Improving burnout and well-being among medicine residents
Authors: Sheer Amy J. , Estores Irene M. , Nickels Rachel , Radhakrishnan Nila , Goede Dianne L. , Mramba Lazarus K. , Lo Margaret C. 
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND:
With growing resident burnout, Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education issued new requirements for program interventions to optimize resident well-being. Little evidence exists on how to best teach resiliency to residents. This study assesses the impact of both a grassroots intervention and formal resiliency curriculum on resident burnout and well-being.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
From November 2016 to August 2017, residents in a large Internal Medicine Residency Program participated in grassroots wellness interventions from the resident-led Gator Council in Gainesville, FL USA. From August 2017 to June 2018, residents participated in a formal program-driven resiliency curriculum. Wellness interventions included monthly morning reports, bimonthly workshops, and biannual noon conferences. Pre- and postintervention Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) and Physician Well-Being Index (PWBI) assessed the effect of both interventions on resident burnout and well-being. Statistical analyses used Student's t-test, Fisher's exact tests, and linear regression model.

RESULTS:
One hundred and twenty-two residents participated in grassroots interventions. One hundred and seventeen (87 residents, 35 students) participated in formal curriculum. Mean MBI scores for all three sections did not differ between pre -and postgrassroots intervention (emotional exhaustion [EE] P = 0.46; depersonalization [DP] P = 0.43; personal accomplishment [PA] P = 0.73]) or between pre- and postcurriculum (EE P = 0.20; DP P = 0.40; PA P = 0.51). Students scored higher burnout levels compared to residents in EE (P = 0.001) and PA (P = 0.02). Pre- versus postcurriculum PWBI scores did not differ among residents (P = 0.20), while PWBI scores improved among students (P = 0.01).

CONCLUSIONS:
This study found no improvement in resident burnout or well-being from a bottom-up and top-down approach. Our results imply the need for an early wellness curriculum to improve student well-being given their higher level of burnout. System-wide efforts are vital to combat physician burnout.
Factors predicting nutritional knowledge, illness perceptions, and dietary adherence among hypertensive middle-aged women
Authors: Mohebbi Bahram , Tafaghodi Banafsheh , Sadeghi Roya , Tol Azar , Yekanenejad Mir Saeed 
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND:
Healthy dietary adherence might be one of the effective and modifiable factors for hypertension (HTN) control; therefor, empowering patients for self-care management including healthy food patterns play a key role in guiding their care, in partnership with health care providers. This study aimed to identify the factors predicting nutritional knowledge, illness perceptions, and adherence to a diet based on transtheoretical model (TTM) among hypertensive middle-aged women.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
A cross-sectional survey was conducted on 164 patients with HTN attending west health centers of Tehran, Iran, in 2020. Simple random sampling was used. Sociodemographic characteristics of the respondents were collected, a valid and reliable measure on nutritional knowledge, illness perceptions, and adherence to diet, and a researcher-made measure based on TTM constructs through in-person interview was applied. Descriptive statistics and general linear model were utilized for data analysis using SPSS version 25. The significance level was considered less than 0.05.

RESULTS:
Mean and standard deviation of participants was 50.82 ± 8.77 years. Multivariate regression analysis indicated that family income (P < 0.001) and body mass index (P < 0.001) predicted nutritional knowledge and adherence to diet, respectively. Decisional balance and self-efficacy constructs predicted nutrition knowledge and illness perceptions (P < 0.001). In adherence to diet, overcoming the temptation construct was indicated as the only predictor (P < 0.001).

CONCLUSION:
Study findings highlighted the necessity of tailoring and implementing interventions based on TTM using appropriate strategies to promote quality of HTN management approach in nutritional knowledge, illness perceptions, and dietary adherence.
Elaboration of indices of the Third Generation of the universities of medical sciences
Authors: Ramezani Ghobad , Zarezadeh Yadolah , Sohrabi Zohreh 
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND:
Universities are changing from government organizations into third generation. The aims of this study were to identify the dimensions and components of a third-generation university and assessment of the status quo of Iran University of Medical Sciences.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
This study was mixed method. In the qualitative phase, participants consisted of experts of academic management and scholars in third-generation universities. The dimensions and components of a third-generation university were identified by content analysis. A questionnaire was prepared according to dimensions and components with Cronbach's alpha of 0.86. In the quantitative phase, participants consisted of managers and experts of Iran University of Medical Sciences; they completed the questionnaire to assess the status quo of Iran University. Data analysis was performed by Colaizzi's and SPSS software.

RESULTS:
Third generation of universities of medical sciences has 2 dimensions and 17 components. Software dimension consists of course content, attitude, vision and mission of the university, organizational culture, instructors, students, employees, academic management and leadership, international approach, and social accountability components. Hardware dimension consists of organizational structure, academic infrastructures, knowledge commercialization, and communication with the government, education system, university environment, and university independence components. Status in Iran University of Medical Sciences in hardware dimension was 2.53, and in software dimension, it was 2.96.

CONCLUSION:
Universities are required to respond to the changes in community. Therefore, universities need to change their structures, goals, approaches, perspectives, and intra-organizational and extra-organizational communications to be able to move toward a university which is entrepreneur, skill teaching, wealth generating.
The mediating role of self-compassion in the relationship between positive reactivity, negative reactivity, and perfectionism with disordered eating
Authors: Mousavi Asl Esmaeil , Abdi Leila , Sadegh Amirali Moghaddam , Behrouzian Forouzan 
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND:
Individuals with disordered eating are at an increased of having one or more additional risks for comorbid disorders, such as anxiety disorder, depressive disorder, and insomnia. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the mediating role of self-compassion in the relationship between positive reactivity, negative reactivity, and perfectionism with disordered eating.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
The study method was descriptive-correlational through structural equation modeling (SEM). The present study population included all students of the University of Tehran in the city of Tehran in 2018–2019. A total of 302 students were selected by convenience sampling method and completed questionnaires on eating attitudes test-8, self-compassion scale (short form), eating disorder inventory-perfectionism scale, and Perth emotional reactivity scale. The SEM path analysis and Pearson correlation coefficient were conducted to analyze the obtained data in SPSS-23 and Lisrel-8.80.

RESULTS:
The finding of the path analysis showed that self-compassion acts as a mediating role in the relationship of disordered eating with positive and negative emotional reactivity and perfectionism. Only the direct effect coefficient of general positive reactivity on disordered eating was not significant.

CONCLUSION:
Based on the results of this study, self-compassion can serve as a protective factor against negative emotional reactivity and perfectionism. Therefore, self-compassion can be considered in the development of prevention and treatment programs for disordered eating.