bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Microalbuminuria and Cardiovascular Autonomic Dysfunction Are Independently Associated With Cardiovascular Mortality: Evidence for Distinct Pathways
Authors: Beijers Hanneke J.B.H. , Ferreira Isabel , Bravenboer Bert , Dekker Jacqueline M. , Nijpels Giel , Heine Robert J. , Stehouwer Coen D.A. 
Published: June 2009

OBJECTIVE
Microalbuminuria is associated with cardiovascular mortality, particularly among individuals with type 2 diabetes, but the mechanisms underlying this association are not completely understood. Microalbuminuria is known to be associated with cardiovascular autonomic dysfunction (C-AD), and C-AD in turn is associated with cardiovascular mortality. The purpose of this study, therefore, was to investigate whether C-AD can explain the relationship between microalbuminuria and cardiovascular mortality.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
We studied 490 individuals from a population-based cohort of individuals aged 50–75 years who were followed for a median period of 13.6 years. Microalbuminuria was defined as an albumin-to-creatinine ratio ≥2.0 mg/mmol in an early-morning spot-urine sample. Ten parameters reflecting different aspects of cardiovascular autonomic function were measured and compiled into a total score of C-AD (mean of separate z scores). The association between C-AD and microalbuminuria was estimated by multiple linear regression, and relative risks (RRs) for cardiovascular mortality were estimated by Cox proportional hazards analyses.

RESULTS
After adjustments for age, sex, glucose tolerance status, and other risk factors, C-AD was associated with microalbuminuria (β = 0.16 [95% CI 0.01–0.33]), and both microalbuminuria (RR 2.09 [1.07–4.08]) and C-AD (1.74 [1.04–2.89]) were associated with cardiovascular mortality. These associations did not change after further mutual adjustment for C-AD (2.13 [1.09–4.17]) or microalbuminuria (1.76 [1.05–2.94]), respectively.

CONCLUSIONS
Both microalbuminuria and C-AD are independently associated with cardiovascular mortality, and the excess mortality attributable to microalbuminuria cannot be explained by C-AD.
Maturity-Onset Diabetes of the Young in Children With Incidental Hyperglycemia:
Authors: Lorini Renata , Klersy Catherine , d'Annunzio Giuseppe , Massa Ornella , Minuto Nicola , Iafusco Dario , Bellannè-Chantelot Christine , Frongia Anna Paola , Toni Sonia , Meschi Franco , Cerutti Franco , Barbetti Fabrizio ,   the Italian Society of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetology (ISPED) Study Group
Published: June 2009

OBJECTIVE
To investigate the prevalence of maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY) in Italian children with incidental hyperglycemia.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
Among 748 subjects age 1–18 years with incidental hyperglycemia, minimal diagnostic criteria for MODY were met by 172 families. Mutational analyses of the glucokinase (GCK) and hepatocyte nuclear factor 1α (HNF1Α) genes were performed.

RESULTS
We identified 85 GCK gene mutations in 109 probands and 10 HNF1Α mutations in 12 probands. In GCK patients, the median neonatal weight and age at the first evaluation were lower than those found in patients with HNF1A mutations. Median fasting plasma glucose and impaired fasting glucose/impaired glucose tolerance frequency after oral glucose tolerance testing were higher in GCK patients, who also showed a lower frequency of diabetes than HNF1A patients.

CONCLUSIONS
GCK mutations are the prevailing cause of MODY (63.4%) when the index case is recruited in Italian children with incidental hyperglycemia.
Acute pancreatitis after nifedipine and acetaminophen poisoning — case report
Authors: Sorodoc Laurentiu , Lionte Catalina , Bologa Cristina , Petris Ovidiu , Sorodoc Victorita , Buga Carmen 
Published: June 2009

Abstract
The incidence of drug-induced pancreatitis is rare. There have been several reports of acute pancreatitis as a complication in acute poisoning with drugs or toxins. We present a case of a young woman with acute pancreatitis secondary to an overdose of nifedipine and acetaminophen in a suicide attempt. We excluded other causes of acute pancreatitis by clinical history, serum toxicology, serology, and abdominal imaging. The most likely underlying pathophysiological mechanism was ischemic injury of the pancreas secondary to severe collapse induced by nifedipine and possible acetaminophen-induced direct pancreatotoxicity. The pancreatitis resolved with treatment that included continuous veno-venous haemofiltration in an intensive care unit. Emergency and intensive care units should be aware of this unusual complication of such poisoning. To our knowledge, this is the first reported association between massive nifedipine overdose and acute pancreatitis.
An unusual form of Gaucher’s disease: pulmonary and cardiovascular involvement and cholelitiasis
Authors: Ceyhan Meltem , Celik Fatma , Elmali Muzaffer , Gurmen Nevzat 
Published: June 2009

Abstract
Gaucher’s disease is an inherited storage disease caused by a deficiency of the enzyme glucocerebrosidase. Although the hepatic manifestations are seen frequently, pulmonary and cardiovascular involvements are known to be very rare in Gaucher’s disease. This report presents these rare findings made by conventional radiography, computerized tomography (CT), and High-resolution CT (HRCT) of a 16-year-old female patient with fatal Gaucher’s disease.
Synthesis of certain pyrrole derivatives as antimicro-bial agents
Authors: Mohamed Mosaad , El-Domany Ramdan , Abd El-Hameed Rania 
Published: June 2009

Synthesis of certain pyrrole derivatives as antimicro-bial agentsIn an effort to establish new pyrroles and pyrrolo[2,3-d] pyrimidines with improved antimicrobial activity we report here the synthesis andin vitromicrobiological evaluation of a series of pyrrole derivatives. A series of new 2-aminopyrrole-3-carbonitriles (1a-d) were synthesized from the reaction of benzoin, primary aromatic amines and malononitrile, from which a number of pyrrole derivatives (2a-dto5a-d) and pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidines (6a-dto10a, d) were synthesized. Thein vitroantimicrobial testing of the synthesized compounds was carried out against Gram-positive, Gram-negative bacteria and fungi. Some of the prepared compounds, [2-amino-1-(2-methylphenyl)-4,5-diphenyl-1H-pyrrole-3-carbonitriles (1b), 2-amino-3-carbamoyl-1-(3-methylphenyl)-4,5-diphenyl-1H-pyrroles (2b),N-(3-cyano-1-(2-methylphenyl)-4,5-diphenyl-1H-pyrrol-2-yl)-acetamides (3b),N-(3-cyano-1-(3-methylphenyl)-4,5-diphenyl-1H-pyrrol-2-yl)-acetamides (3c), 2-amino-1-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4,5-diphenyl-3-tetrazolo-1H-pyrroles (5d),7-(4-methoxyphenyl)-5,6-diphenyl-7H-pyrrolo [2,3-d]pyrimidin-4(3H)-ones (7d), 7-(3-methylphenyl)-5,6-diphenyl-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4(3H)-thione (9b) andN-(7-(2-methylphenyl)-5,6-diphenyl-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d] pyrimidine)-N-aryl amines (10a)] showed potent antimicrobial activity.
Synthesis of coumarin heterocyclic derivatives with antioxidant activity and in vitro cytotoxic activity against tumour cells
Authors: Manojkumar Parameswaran , Ravi Thengungal , Subbuchettiar Gopalakrishnan 
Published: June 2009

Synthesis of coumarin heterocyclic derivatives with antioxidant activity andin vitrocytotoxic activity against tumour cellsThe aim of the present work was to synthesise coumarinyl heterocycles and to elucidate the potential role of these compounds as antioxidants and cytotoxic agents against Dalton's lymphoma ascites tumour cells (DLA) and Ehrlich ascites carcinoma cells (EAC). The synthesis of coumarin derivatives containing pyrazole, pyrazolone, thiazolidin-4-one, 5-carboxymethyl-4-thiazolidinone and 3-acetyl-1,3,4-oxadiazole ring is reported. 4-Methylcoumarinyl-7-oxyacetic acid hydrazide (1) reacted with arylazopropanes or hydrazono-3-oxobutyrate derivatives to form pyrazole (3a-c) and pyrazolone derivatives (5a-c). Heterocyclisation of Schiff's bases of 1 with thioglycolic acid, thiomalic acid or acetic anhydride afforded novel heterocyclic derivatives 4-thiazolidinones (7a-c), 5-carboxymethyl-4-thiazolidinones (8a-c) and oxadiazoles (9a-c), respectively. Some of the compounds showed promising antioxidant activityin vitroand cytotoxic activity against DLA cells and EAC cells.
Pteridophytes of greater Mymensingh district of Bangladesh used as vegetables and medicines
Authors: Sarker Sujan Kumer , Hossain A.B.M. Enayet 
Published: June 2009

Sixteen species of pteridophyte, collected from greater Mymensingh district, Bangladesh, were studied for their use as food (vegetables) and traditional herbal medicine. Out of these, four were recorded to have use as vegetables, seven as traditional medicine and five as both vegetables and medicine. Eight species were recorded for the first time in Bangladesh having use as vegetables and/or medicines. The local people and five ethnic communities, namely Coach, Garo, Mandai, Khayatriya and Wera were interviewed in this study. Keywords: Vegetables; Medicine; Pteridophytes; Bangladesh. DOI: Bangladesh J. Plant Taxon. 16(1): 47-56, 2009 (June)
Occurrence of Chroococcaceae during rice cultivation in North Bihar, India
Authors: Choudhary Kaushal Kishore 
Published: June 2009

The species richness of cyanobacteria belonging to the family Chroococcaceae in rice fields of North Bihar, India was studied over a 60-day period. Twenty-eight species representing nine genera were identified. The highest number of 21 species was observed around 30th day against eight and 13 species around 10th and 60th day of rice cultivation, respectively. Aphanocapsa grevillei (Hass.) Rabenh., Aphanothece naegelii Wartm and Microcystis marginata (Menegh.) Kützing were observed from 10th to 60th days of rice cultivation. Keywords: Chroococcaceae; Cyanobacteria; Rice cultivation; North Bihar; India. DOI: 10.3329/bjpt.v16i1.2747 Bangladesh J. Plant Taxon. 16(1): 57-63, 2009 (June)
A limited surgical approach for pastern arthrodesis in horses with severe osteoarthritis
Authors: Delco M. , Beard W. , Lillich J.D. , Desormaux A. , Jones P. 
Published: June 2009

SummaryOsteoarthritis of the proximal interphalangeal joint (PIPJ) is a common cause of chronic lameness in the horse that requires surgical arthrodesis when medical management is no longer able to alleviate pain. Surgical principles for successful PIPJ arthrodesis include articular cartilage debridement and rigid fixation. To completely debride articular cartilage, the collateral ligaments and extensor tendon are transected, disarticulating the joint. The purpose of this study was to demonstrate that in chronically lame horses with periarticular new-bone formation and osteoarthritis, successful arthrodesis occurs without joint disarticulation and complete articular cartilage debridement. We hypothesised that complete articular debridement is not necessary, thus allowing for a less invasive surgical approach that decreases surgical time and hospitalisation with comparable success rates to previous reports. Medical records from 2000–2007 were reviewed for PIPJ disease. Information regarding lameness, surgical time and hospitalisation were retrieved from 11 horses (12 limbs). Follow-up information was obtained via a telephone interview and a re-evaluation. Average hospital and surgery times were shorter than previous reports at 19 days and 111 minutes respectively. Lameness decreased at least one grade in 92% of limbs. 73% of owners would elect to operate again. The data suggests that successful arthrodesis occurs without joint dis-articulation and complete articular cartilage debridement.
Conservative management for complete loss of a metatarsal pad in a dog
Authors: Sideri K. I. , Papazoglou L. G. , Prassinos N. N. 
Published: June 2009

SummaryA three-year-old intact, male Siberian Husky was presented for complete loss of its left metatarsal pad. The wound was managed as an open wound and left to be closed by second intention healing. Conservative management consisted of regular lavage and bandage changes along with oral antibiotic administration and exercise restriction. Thirty days after referral conservative management was discontinued, as the wound was closed with minimal scar tissue formation and the dog was allowed to take walks wearing a protective boot for another month. The animal was then allowed to return to its previous activity. Four years of follow-up did not reveal any signs of lameness.
Congenital Heart Block Not Associated with Anti-Ro/La Antibodies: Comparison with Anti-Ro/La-positive Cases
Authors: BRUCATO ANTONIO , GRAVA CHIARA , BORTOLATI MARIA , IKEDA KEIGO , MILANESI ORNELLA , CIMAZ ROLANDO , RAMONI VERONIQUE , VIGNATI GABRIELE , MARTINELLI STEFANO , SADOU YOUCEF , BORGHI ADELE , TINCANI ANGELA , CHAN EDWARD K.L. , RUFFATTI AMELIA 
Published: June 2009

Objective.To study anti-Ro/La-negative congenital heart block (CHB).Methods.Forty-five fetuses with CHB were evaluated by analysis of anti-Ro/La antibodies using sensitive laboratory methods.Results.There were 9 cases of anti-Ro/La-negative CHB; 3 died (33.3%). Only 3 (33.3%) were complete in utero and 5 (55.5%) were unstable. No specific etiology was diagnosed. Six infants (66.6%) were given pacemakers. There were 36 cases of anti-Ro/La-positive CHB. All except 2 infants (94.4%) had complete atrioventricular block in utero. Ten died (27.8%), one (2.7%) developed severe dilated cardiomyopathy, and 26 (72.2%) were given pacemakers.Conclusion.Nine of the 45 consecutive CHB cases (20%) were anti-Ro/La-negative with no known cause. They were less stable and complete than the anti-Ro/La positive cases.
Differential Association of Programmed Death-1 and CD57 with Ex Vivo Survival of CD8+ T Cells in HIV Infection
Authors: Petrovas Constantinos , Chaon Benjamin , Ambrozak David R. , Price David A. , Melenhorst J. Joseph , Hill Brenna J. , Geldmacher Christof , Casazza Joseph P. , Chattopadhyay Pratip K. , Roederer Mario , Douek Daniel C. , Mueller Yvonne M. , Jacobson Jeffrey M. , Kulkarni Viraj , Felber Barbara K. , Pavlakis George N. , Katsikis Peter D. , Koup Richard A. 
Published: June 2009

Abstract
Recent studies have revealed the critical role of programmed death-1 (PD-1) in exhaustion of HIV- and SIV-specific CD8+ T cells. In this study, we show that high expression of PD-1 correlates with increased ex vivo spontaneous and CD95/Fas-induced apoptosis, particularly in the “effector-memory” CD8+ T cell population from HIV+ donors. High expression of PD-1 was linked to a proapoptotic phenotype characterized by low expression of Bcl-2 and IL7-Rα, high expression of CD95/Fas and high mitochondrial mass. Expression of PD-1 and CD57 was differentially associated with the maturation status of CD8+ T cells in HIV infection. CD57 was linked to higher apoptosis resistance, with cells expressing a PD-1LCD57H phenotype exhibiting lower levels of cell death. The majority of HIV-specific CD8+ T cells were found to express a PD-1HCD57L or PD-1HCD57H phenotype. No correlation was found between PD-1 expression and ex vivo polyfunctionality of either HIV- or CMV-specific CD8+ T cells. Contrary to CD57, high expression of PD-1 was characterized by translocation of PD-1 into the area of CD95/Fas-capping, an early necessary step of CD95/Fas-induced apoptosis. Thus, our data further support the role of PD-1 as a preapoptotic factor for CD8+ T cells in HIV infection.
The Induction of IL-10 by Zymosan in Dendritic Cells Depends on CREB Activation by the Coactivators CREB-Binding Protein and TORC2 and Autocrine PGE2
Authors: Alvarez Yolanda , Municio Cristina , Alonso Sara , Sánchez Crespo Mariano , Fernández Nieves 
Published: June 2009

Abstract
Stimulation of human monocyte-derived dendritic cells with the yeast extract zymosan is characterized by a predominant production of IL-10 and a strong induction of cyclooxygenase-2, but the molecular mechanisms underlying this response are only partially understood. To address this issue, the activation of transcription factors that may bind to the il10 proximal promoter was studied. Binding activity to Sp1, Sp3, NF-Y, and cAMP response element (CRE) sites was detected in the nuclear extracts of dendritic cells; however these binding activities were not influenced by zymosan. No binding activity to Stat1, Stat3, and c/EBP sites was detected. Notably, zymosan activated κB-binding activity, but inhibition of NF-κB was associated with enhanced IL-10 production. In sharp contrast, treatments acting on CREB (CRE binding protein), including 8-Br-cAMP, PGE2, and inhibitors of PKA, COX, and glycogen-synthase kinase-3β showed a direct correlation between CREB activation and IL-10 production. Zymosan induced binding of both P-CREB and CREB-binding protein (CBP) to the il10 promoter as judged from chromatin immunoprecipitation assays, whereas negative results were obtained with Ab reactive to Sp1, Sp3, c-Maf, and NF-Y. Zymosan also induced nuclear translocation of the CREB coactivator transducer of regulated CREB activity 2 (TORC2) and interaction of TORC2 with P-CREB coincidental with the association of CREB to the il10 promoter. Altogether, our data show that zymosan induces il10 transcription by a CRE-dependent mechanism that involves autocrine secretion of PGE2 and a network of interactions of PKA, MAP/ERK, glycogen-synthase kinase-3β, and calcineurin, which regulate CREB transcriptional activity by binding the coactivators CBP and TORC2 and inhibiting CBP interaction with other transcription factors.
Regulation of Dendritic Cells and Macrophages by an Anti-Apoptotic Cell Natural Antibody that Suppresses TLR Responses and Inhibits Inflammatory Arthritis
Authors: Chen Yifang , Khanna Sahil , Goodyear Carl S. , Park Yong Beom , Raz Eyal , Thiel Steffen , Grönwall Caroline , Vas Jaya , Boyle David L. , Corr Maripat , Kono Dwight H. , Silverman Gregg J. 
Published: June 2009

Abstract
Although natural Abs (NAbs) are present from birth, little is known about what drives their selection and whether they have housekeeping functions. The prototypic T15-NAb, first identified because of its protective role in infection, is representative of a special type of NAb response that specifically recognizes and forms complexes with apoptotic cells and which promotes cell-corpse engulfment by phagocytes. We now show that this T15-NAb IgM-mediated clearance process is dependent on the recruitment of C1q and mannose-binding lectin, which have known immune modulatory activities that also provide “eat me” signals for enhancing phagocytosis. Further investigation revealed that the addition of T15-NAb significantly suppressed in vitro LPS-induced TNF-α and IL-6 secretion by the macrophage-like cell line, RAW264.7, as well as TLR3-, TLR4-, TLR7-, and TLR9-induced maturation and secretion of a range of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines by bone marrow-derived conventional dendritic cells. Significantly, high doses of this B-1 cell produced NAb also suppressed in vivo TLR-induced proinflammatory responses. Although infusions of apoptotic cells also suppressed such in vivo inflammatory responses and this effect was associated with the induction of high levels of IgM antiapoptotic cell Abs, apoptotic cell treatment was not effective at suppressing such TLR responses in B cell-deficient mice. Moreover, infusions of T15-NAb also efficiently inhibited both collagen-induced arthritis and anti-collagen II Ab-mediated arthritis. These studies identify and characterize a previously unknown regulatory circuit by which a NAb product of innate-like B cells aids homeostasis by control of fundamental inflammatory pathways.
Using NCBI BLAST
Authors: Stover Nicholas A. , Cavalcanti Andre R.O. 
Published: June 2009

AbstractBLAST is the most widely used software in bioinformatics research. Its main function is to compare a sequence of interest, the query sequence, to sequences in a large database. BLAST then reports the best matches, or “hits,” found in the database. This simple program has two primary applications. First, if the function of the query sequence is unknown, it may be possible to infer its function based on the recognized functions of similar sequences. Second, if the researcher has a query sequence with a known function, it may be possible to identify sequences in the database that have similar functions. The utility of BLAST therefore depends on the researcher's choice of query sequence and database. An appreciation for the functions and limitations of BLAST are vital to using this program effectively. This unit will introduce the basic concepts behind BLAST, walk through BLAST searching protocols, and interpret common results. Curr. Protoc. Essential Lab. Tech. 1:11.1.1‐11.1.36. © 2009 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Submitting a Sequence to GenBank
Authors: Chang Wei‐Jen , Coppola Thomas W. 
Published: June 2009

AbstractIn the post‐genomic era, more and more research projects involve the generation of molecular sequence data. How should these newly obtained DNA/protein sequences be analyzed, and how should they be prepared for submission to sequence databases? In this unit, we provide guidelines and a flow chart to help first‐time users process new sequence data using third‐party freeware programs and give a step‐by‐step demonstration on the preparation of a sequence file for submission to GenBank using the Sequin program. Curr. Protoc. Essential Lab. Tech. 1:11.2.1‐11.2.20. © 2009 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Beyond Simple Homology Searches: Multiple Sequence Alignments and Phylogenetic Trees
Authors: Zufall Rebecca A. 
Published: June 2009

AbstractPhylogenetic trees represent hypotheses about evolutionary relationships between organisms or nucleotide or amino acid sequences. Because the best BLAST hit often does not represent the most closely related sequence, phylogenetic analyses are an essential extension of inquiry into any new protein or gene. In this unit, the reader will first learn how to create a multiple sequence alignment using ClustalX. He or she will then learn how to use that alignment to build a neighbor‐joining phylogeny using the program Geneious. Finally, the user will learn how to interpret the phylogeny in light of the research questions. Curr. Protoc. Essential Lab. Tech. 1:11.3.1‐11.3.17. © 2009 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Using Model Organism Databases (MODs)
Authors: Engel Stacia R. 
Published: June 2009

AbstractModel Organism Databases (MODs) represent the union of database technology and biology, and are essential to modern biological and medical research. Research communities are producing floods of new data, of increasingly different types and complexity. MODs assimilate this information from a wide variety of sources, organize it in a comprehensible manner, and make it freely available to the public via the Internet. MODs permit researchers to sort through massive amounts of data, providing access to key information that they might otherwise have overlooked. The protocols in this unit offer a general introduction to different types of data available in the growing number of MODs, and approaches for accessing, browsing, and querying these data. Curr. Protoc. Essential Lab. Tech. 1:11.4.1‐11.4.17. © 2009 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Risk Assessment in the Research Laboratory
Authors: Burnett LouAnn C. 
Published: June 2009

AbstractRisk assessment is a term that is applied to a process that we all use every day to make decisions. Conducting risk assessments while working in the laboratory should be integrated into the research culture. Reagents and equipment used in research laboratories can be hazardous if used improperly or without appropriate precautions. The first step in limiting risk is identifying the materials that can be hazardous. The second step is to assess the risk that they present during the experiments that will take place—a process called risk assessment. Once the hazards are identified and the risks assessed, a risk management strategy can be put in place to reduce the risks to an acceptable level. This process (hazard identification, risk assessment, risk management) must be repeated as often as new materials, new procedures, and new people are introduced into the laboratory. Curr. Protoc. Essential Lab. Tech. 1:A.1B.1‐A.1B.11. © 2009 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.