bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Heat shock protein 70 and cellular disturbances in cochlear cisplatin ototoxicity model
Authors: García-Berrocal J R , Nevado J , González-García J Á , Sánchez-Rodríguez C , Sanz R , Trinidad A , España P , Citores M J , Ramírez-Camacho R 
Published: March 2010

AbstractBackground:Exposure to cisplatin leads to cochlear cell death by apoptosis; these changes are most marked on the seventh day after exposure. Heat shock proteins are induced in inner ear cells in response to a variety of stimuli. This study examined the role of heat shock protein 70 in cisplatin-induced cochlear cell death.Methods:Fifty-six Sprague–Dawley rats were involved. Some were injected with cisplatin (5 mg/kg body weight), some with cisplatin plus the caspase inhibitor Z-Asp(OMe)-Glu(OMe)-Val-Asp(OME)-fluoromethylketone (5 mg/kg body weight) and others were left as controls (being injected only with saline). Seven days later, we examined the expression of heat shock protein 70 and several other apoptosis-related proteins within the rat cochlear cells; we also assessed total superoxide dismutase activity, auditory brainstem response and auditory steady state response.Results:Seven days after cisplatin injection, significantly increased expression of heat shock protein 70 was found within the rat cochleae. This correlated with increased executioner caspase levels, total superoxide dismutase activity and auditory brainstem response thresholds, and a significant elevation in auditory steady state response thresholds. Inhibition of caspase-3 activity significantly reduced cochlear heat shock protein 70 expression and total superoxide dismutase activity, and improved auditory brainstem response and auditory steady state response thresholds.Conclusions:Seven days after cisplatin exposure, we found disturbances of the cochlear cellular machinery involving heat shock protein 70, other apoptotic proteins and total superoxide dismutase.
Anxiety and depression in head and neck out-patients
Authors: Veer V , Kia S , Papesch M 
Published: March 2010

AbstractObjectives:To investigate the prevalence of psychological distress in head and neck out-patients.Design:We used the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale to screen 106 patients for mood disorders in a London head and neck ENT out-patient clinic.Setting:Queen's Hospital, Romford, UK.Participants:One hundred and six patients attending a head and neck out-patient clinic.Main outcome measure:Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale score.Results:Approximately 39 per cent of patients had a possible anxiety disorder (10 per cent were rated as severe), and 27 per cent had possible depression (10 per cent were rated as severe).Conclusion:We recommend that a member of the head and neck multidisciplinary team should be trained to identify and correctly refer psychologically distressed patients to appropriate existing psychiatric services.
Spain’s international position, 1850-1913,
Authors: de la Escosura Leandro Prados 
Published: March 2010

AbstractSpain’s financial position during the late 19thand early 20thcenturies has usually been presented as one of persistent deficit on current account, which resulted from her integration into international commodity and factor markets and this, in turn, slowed down the growth of the economy. In this essay a preliminary reconstruction of the balance of payments on current account allows us to reject this view. In fact, a net capital inflow made possible to meet the demand for investment-boosting economic performance. Current account reversals in a context of macroeconomic domestic imperfections help to explain the economic slowdown at the turn of the century.
The evolution of top income and wealth shares in Portugal since 1936
Authors: Guilera Jordi 
Published: March 2010

AbstractThis paper presents new statistical evidence on the long-term evolution of economic inequality in Portugal. Portuguese tax sources have been employed to estimate top income and wealth shares (TIS and TWS) from 1936 onwards. The new series shows that the Second World War had a negative and non-permanent effect on the evolution of TIS, but not on TWS, which increased until the mid 1950s. From the mid 1950s to the early 1980s, there was a sharp decline in TIS and TWS. Finally, during the 1990s, TIS increased again. The reasons behind the Portuguese distributive pattern seem to be more economic than political.
The terms of trade for commodities since the mid-19thcentury
Authors: Ocampo José Antonio , Parra-Lancourt Mariángela 
Published: March 2010

AbstractThis paper shows that there was an improvement in the barter terms of trade for non-fuel commodities vs. manufactures in the late 19thand early 20thcenturies, followed by significant deterioration over the rest of the 20thcentury. However, the decline over most of the 20thcentury was neither continuous nor was it distributed evenly among different commodity groups. The far-reaching changes that the world economy underwent around 1920 and again around 1979 led to a stepwise deterioration which, over the long term, was reflected in roughly a halving of real commodity prices. Tropical agriculture fared the worst, whereas minerals had the best performance, with non-tropical agriculture in an intermediate situation. The increase experienced in the first decade of the 21stcentury may be the beginning of a long-term upward trend, but it is too soon to tell.
Experimental study of radiative shocks at PALS facility
Authors: Stehlé Chantal , González Matthias , Kozlova Michaela , Rus Bedrich , Mocek Tomas , Acef Ouali , Colombier Jean Philippe , Lanz Thierry , Champion Norbert , Jakubczak Krzysztof , Polan Jiri , Barroso Patrice , Bauduin Daniel , Audit Edouard , Dostal Jan , Stupka Michal 
Published: March 2010

AbstractWe report on the investigation of strong radiative shocks generated with the high energy, sub-nanosecond iodine laser at PALS. These shock waves are characterized by a developed radiative precursor and their dynamics is analyzed over long time scales (~50 ns), approaching a quasi-stationary limit. We present the first preliminary results on the rear side XUV spectroscopy. These studies are relevant to the understanding of the spectroscopic signatures of accretion shocks in Classical T Tauri Stars.
Automatic selection of reliability estimates for individual regression predictions
Authors: Bosnić Zoran , Kononenko Igor 
Published: March 2010

AbstractIn machine learning and its risk-sensitive applications (e.g. medicine, engineering, business), the reliability estimates for individual predictions provide more information about the individual prediction error (the difference between the true label and regression prediction) than the average accuracy of predictive model (e.g. relative mean squared error). Furthermore, they enable the users to distinguish between more and less reliable predictions. The empirical evaluations of the existing individual reliability estimates revealed that the successful estimates’ performance depends on the used regression model and on the particular problem domain. In the current paper, we focus on that problem as such and propose and empirically evaluate two approaches for automatic selection of the most appropriate estimate for a given domain and regression model: the internal cross-validation approach and the meta-learning approach. The testing results of both approaches demonstrated an advantage in the performance of dynamically chosen reliability estimates to the performance of the individual reliability estimates. The best results were achieved using the internal cross-validation procedure, where reliability estimates significantly positively correlated with the prediction error in 73% of experiments. In addition, the preliminary testing of the proposed methodology on a medical domain demonstrated the potential for its usage in practice.
A review of multi-instance learning assumptions
Authors: Foulds James , Frank Eibe 
Published: March 2010

AbstractMulti-instance (MI) learning is a variant of inductive machine learning, where each learning example contains a bag of instances instead of a single feature vector. The term commonly refers to the supervised setting, where each bag is associated with a label. This type of representation is a natural fit for a number of real-world learning scenarios, including drug activity prediction and image classification, hence many MI learning algorithms have been proposed. Any MI learning method must relate instances to bag-level class labels, but many types of relationships between instances and class labels are possible. Although all early work in MI learning assumes a specific MI concept class known to be appropriate for a drug activity prediction domain; this ‘standard MI assumption’ is not guaranteed to hold in other domains. Much of the recent work in MI learning has concentrated on a relaxed view of the MI problem, where the standard MI assumption is dropped, and alternative assumptions are considered instead. However, often it is not clearly stated what particular assumption is used and how it relates to other assumptions that have been proposed. In this paper, we aim to clarify the use of alternative MI assumptions by reviewing the work done in this area.
Toward an integrated knowledge discovery and data mining process model
Authors: Sharma Sumana , Osei-Bryson Kweku-Muata 
Published: March 2010

AbstractThe knowledge discovery and data mining (KDDM) process models describe the various phases (e.g. business understanding, data understanding, data preparation, modeling, evaluation and deployment) of the KDDM process. They act as a roadmap for implementation of the KDDM process by presenting a list of tasks for executing the various phases. The checklist approach of describing the tasks is not adequately supported by appropriate tools, which specify ‘how’ the particular task can be implemented. This may result in tasks not being implemented. Another disadvantage is that the long checklist does not capture or leverage the dependencies that exist among the various tasks of the same and different phases. This not only makes the process cumbersome to implement, but also hinders possibilities for semi-automation of certain tasks. Given that each task in the process model serves an important goal and even affects the execution of related tasks due to the dependencies, these limitations are likely to negatively affect the efficiency and effectiveness of KDDM projects. This paper proposes an improved KDDM process model that overcomes these shortcomings by prescribing tools for supporting each task as well as identifying and leveraging dependencies among tasks for semi-automation of tasks, wherever possible.
Glaciochemistry of surface snow from the Ingrid Christensen Coast, East Antarctica, and its environmental implications
Authors: Thamban M. , Laluraj C.M. , Mahalinganathan K. , Redkar B.L. , Naik S.S. , Shrivastava P.K. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractSpatial variations in the ion composition were studied in 55 surface snow samples collected along three transects in the Ingrid Christensen Coast of East Antarctica. The sea-salt ion constituents revealed a drastic reduction from the ice edge to inland sites. The computed sea-salt sodium and non-sea-salt calcium concentrations suggest that while sea spray primarily contributes to the Na+, the crustal contribution dominates the Ca2+ in snow samples. The Cl-/ssNa+ ratios of the snow samples from the Larsemann transect varied between 4.7 and 1.05, indicating that additional Cl- sources like soil dust are important in the inland sites. The enrichment factors (Ef) confirm a dominant crustal source for Ca2+ in all transects. The Ef(K+) values indicate a dominant sea spray source for K+ in the coastal stations of the Larsemann and Publications transects. The Ef(Mg2+) values indicate the absence of any significant Mg2+ enrichment compared to seawater values. Secondary sulphur species (nssSO42- and MSA) within the snow samples suggest that both vary independently of each other, possibly influenced by the local biological activities. The nssSO42- data revealed that several summer snow deposits in the study region are significantly fractionated, apparently related to the sea ice existence during summer.
Algebraic cycles on the relative symmetric powers and on the relative Jacobian of a family of curves. II
Authors: Moonen Ben , Polishchuk Alexander 
Published: March 2010

AbstractLet C be a family of curves over a non-singular variety S. We study algebraic cycles on the relative symmetric powers C[n] and on the relative Jacobian J. We consider the Chow homology CH*(C[∙]/S) := ⊕n CH*(C[n]/S) as a ring using the Pontryagin product. We prove that CH*(C[∙]/S) is isomorphic to CH*(J/S)[t]〈u〉, the PD-polynomial algebra (variable: u) over the usual polynomial ring (variable: t) over CH*(J/S). We give two such isomorphisms that over a general base are different. Further we give precise results on how CH*(J/S) sits embedded in CH*(C[∙]/S) and we give an explicit geometric description of how the operators $\smash{\partial_t^{[m]}}\$ and ∂u act. This builds upon the study of certain geometrically defined operators Pi,j (a) that was undertaken by one of us.Our results give rise to a new grading on CH*(J/S). The associated descending filtration is stable under all operators [N]*, and [N]* acts on $\operatorname{gr}^m_{\mathrm{Fil}}$ as multiplication by Nm. Hence, after − ⊗ ℚ this filtration coincides with the one coming from Beauville's decomposition. The grading we obtain is in general different from Beauville's.Finally, we give a version of our main result for tautological classes, and we show how our methods give a simple geometric proof of some relations obtained by Herbaut and van der Geer–Kouvidakis, as later refined by one of us.
Characteristics, interventions, and outcomes of misdiagnosed delirium in cancer patients
Authors: Wada Tomomi , Wada Makoto , Wada Mei , Onishi Hideki 
Published: March 2010

AbstractObjective:Although delirium is a common psychiatric complication in cancer patients, it is often not accurately recognized. To date, the characteristics and outcome of misrecognized patients are unclear in the cancer setting. This retrospective study was planned to determine the recognition by oncologists at the psychiatric consultation, characteristics, reversibility and outcome of misrecognized patients with delirium.Method:We reviewed charts of 60 patients diagnosed with delirium by the psycho-oncologists who were referred to the psychiatric consultation by the oncologists. Information about demographics, initial assessment by the oncologists, delirium subtype, precipitating factors, intervention for delirium, reversibility, and final status was obtained.Results:Twenty-two among 60 delirious patients were misrecognized by the oncologists at the time of consultation. They were often diagnosed as having anxiety or other psychiatric disorders. Misrecognized participants were significantly younger than accurately recognized cases of delirium. The psychiatrists made suggestions to the oncologists for all the referred patients, even when they were accurately diagnosed with delirium before consultation. For the correctly recognized patients, the main suggestion was pharmacological reevaluation. For the misdiagnosed cases, the psychiatrists suggested a reconsideration of the strategy for cancer treatment and the provision of information to the patient's family members about their condition.Significance of Results:Despite its high prevalence, delirium is difficult to diagnose for non-psychiatric physicians. Its detection is important not only to give the best treatment option to cancer patients but also to provide the best opportunity to inform their family about their condition and end-of-life issues.
Emerging adulthood and cancer: How unmet needs vary with time-since-treatment
Authors: Millar Brett , Patterson Pandora , Desille Natacha 
Published: March 2010

AbstractObjective:The impact of a cancer experience during emerging adulthood (18–25 years of age) is an under-studied phenomenon, with research on young people typically focussing on children or adolescents. Needs-based research on this population is even scarcer. This study sought to ascertain the most commonly-unmet needs of emerging adults with cancer, in various stages of time-since-treatment, and to investigate links to psychological functioning.Method:Using an earlier version of a needs-based questionnaire, presently under development, as well as additional items developed specifically for this age group, the ten most unmet needs were determined for 63 emerging adults in each of the following three groups: those on or within one year since treatment; those between one and five years since treatment; and those beyond five years since treatment. Psychological functioning was measured by the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scales (DASS-21).Results:On average, participants rated 17.7 of the 132 needs as unmet. The 10 most unmet needs for each group generated a distinct picture of how needs change as time-since-treatment increases. For those at or within one year since treatment, there were a number of unmet needs directly related to health care provision and the hospital experience. For those whose treatment was more than one year previous, the most unmet needs were more focussed on emotional/psychological issues, particularly related to survivorship and life direction. Positive correlations were found between the number of unmet needs and levels of anxiety and stress.Significance of results:The results of the present study provide quantitative needs-based information about emerging adults with cancer, in the context of their treatment situation. This enables health care providers to better support the emerging adult with cancer in ways that are age-appropriate and time-sensitive. The persisting levels of unmet needs and psychological distress beyond five years since treatment underscore the importance of long-term follow-up and support.
How might Levinas' concept of the other's priority and Derrida's unconditional hospitality contribute to the philosophy of the modern hospice movement?
Authors: Floriani Ciro Augusto , Schramm Fermin Roland 
Published: March 2010

AbstractHospitality is commonly referred as one of the meanings of hospes, the Latin word which is also the root of hospice. This article explores the semantics of the word hospice - the seal of identity of modern hospice movement - and attempts to integrate the meaning of hospitality into the modern hospice movement, understood as unconditional reception. Therefore, the article analyzes the concept of unconditional hospitality, developed by Jacques Derrida and that of ethical responsibility proposed by Emmanuel Levinas based on the phenomenological experience of the other. From this point of view, these two concepts tie in with the meaning of hospice, bringing substantial grounding elements to the hospice movement for the construction of a protective ethos.
Surgical intensive care unit (ICU) delirium: A “psychosomatic” problem?
Authors: Reich Michel , Rohn Regis , Lefevre Daniele 
Published: March 2010

AbstractObjective:Intensive Care Unit (ICU) delirium is a common complication after major surgery and related among other potential medical precipitants to either pre-existing cognitive impairment or the intensity and length of anesthesiology or the type of surgery. Nevertheless, in some rare situations, an organic etiology is not always found, which can be frustrating for the medical team. Some clinicians working in an intensive care unit have a reluctance to seek another hypothesis in the psychological field.Method:To illustrate this, we report the case of a 59-year-old woman who developed a massive delirium during her intensive care unit stay after being operated on for a left retroperitoneal sarcoma. Interestingly, she had had no previous cognitive disorders and a somatic explanation for her psychiatric disorder could not been found. Just before the surgery, she was grieving the recent loss of a colleague of the same age, and also a close friend, and therefore had a death anxiety.Results:With this case report, we would like to point out the importance of psychological factors that might precipitate delirium in a predominately somatic environment such as an intensive care unit.Significance of results:ICU delirium can sometimes be considered as a “psychosomatic” problem with either a stress response syndrome after surgery or a defense mechanism against death anxiety. Clinicians should be aware of the possibility of such psychological factors even if they always must first rule out potential somatic causes for delirium and encourage thorough investigation and treatment of these medical causes. A collaboration with the psycho-oncologist is recommended to better manage this “psychosomatic” problem.
High-
κ
oxide nanoribbons as gate dielectrics for high mobility top-gated graphene transistors
Authors: Liao Lei , Bai Jingwei , Qu Yongquan , Lin Yung-chen , Li Yujing , Huang Yu , Duan Xiangfeng 
Published: March 2010

Deposition of high-
κ
dielectrics onto graphene is of significant challenge due to the difficulties of nucleating high quality oxide on pristine graphene without introducing defects into the monolayer of carbon lattice. Previous efforts to deposit high-
κ
dielectrics on graphene often resulted in significant degradation in carrier mobility. Here we report an entirely new strategy to integrate high quality high-
κ
dielectrics with graphene by first synthesizing freestanding high-
κ
oxide nanoribbons at high temperature and then transferring them onto graphene at room temperature. We show that single crystalline Al
2
O
3
nanoribbons can be synthesized with excellent dielectric properties. Using such nanoribbons as the gate dielectrics, we have demonstrated top-gated graphene transistors with the highest carrier mobility (up to 23,600 cm
2
/V·s) reported to date, and a more than 10-fold increase in transconductance compared to the back-gated devices. This method opens a new avenue to integrate high-
κ
dielectrics on graphene with the preservation of the pristine nature of graphene and high carrier mobility, representing an important step forward to high-performance graphene electronics.
Compound-specific carbon isotopes from Earth’s largest flood basalt eruptions directly linked to the end-Triassic mass extinction
Authors: Whiteside Jessica H. , Olsen Paul E. , Eglinton Timothy , Brookfield Michael E. , Sambrotto Raymond N. 
Published: March 2010

A leading hypothesis explaining Phanerozoic mass extinctions and associated carbon isotopic anomalies is the emission of greenhouse, other gases, and aerosols caused by eruptions of continental flood basalt provinces. However, the necessary serial relationship between these eruptions, isotopic excursions, and extinctions has never been tested in geological sections preserving all three records. The end-Triassic extinction (ETE) at 201.4 Ma is among the largest of these extinctions and is tied to a large negative carbon isotope excursion, reflecting perturbations of the carbon cycle including a transient increase in CO
2
. The cause of the ETE has been inferred to be the eruption of the giant Central Atlantic magmatic province (CAMP). Here, we show that carbon isotopes of leaf wax derived lipids (
n
-alkanes), wood, and total organic carbon from two orbitally paced lacustrine sections interbedded with the CAMP in eastern North America show similar excursions to those seen in the mostly marine St. Audrie’s Bay section in England. Based on these results, the ETE began synchronously in marine and terrestrial environments slightly before the oldest basalts in eastern North America but simultaneous with the eruption of the oldest flows in Morocco, a CO
2
super greenhouse, and marine biocalcification crisis. Because the temporal relationship between CAMP eruptions, mass extinction, and the carbon isotopic excursions are shown in the same place, this is the strongest case for a volcanic cause of a mass extinction to date.