bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comment les Québécois se tirent-ils d'affaire ? Un défi lancé aux chercheurs de sciences humaines
Authors: Jutras Sylvie , Guyon Louise , Renaud Marc , Dandurand Renée B. , Bouchard Pierre 
Published: October 2010

Sylvie Jutras, Louise Guyon, Marc Renaud, Renée Dandurand, Pierre Boucharol : ¿ Cómo los Quebequences salen de apuros ? Un reto lanzado a los investigadores de las Ciencias Humanas.
La comisión de investigación sobre los servicios de salud y los servicios sociales ha confiado a nuestro équipo de investigación la tarea de describir cómo los quebequences tratan de arreglar sus problemas sociales y de salud. El artículo refïere el proceso de elaboración del objeto de estudio que desemboca sobre una encuesta llevada a cabo a partir de un muestreo representativo de los Quebequences (N-2 1 14). Paralelamente a un sondeo realizado en la población en general, el estudio abarcó a très subgrupos; cada uno representaba una categoría específica de problemas examinados por la comisión : padecer dolores de espalda crónicos (problemática de salud), tener que ayudar a un anciano que está perdiendo su autonomía (problemática sociosanitaria), ser confrontado a las responsabilidades de jefe de familia monoparental (problemática social). El artículo présenta los resultados más destacados de la investigación con respecto a cada una de las situaciones estudiadas. En conclusión, se discute la gama de soluciones actualmente disponibles en una perspectiva venidera.
Contrainte affichée ou contrainte réelle ? Analyse de la régulation du système hospitalier public français
Authors: Engel François , Moisdon Jean-Claude , Tonneau Dominique 
Published: October 2010

François Engel, Jean-Claude Moisdon, Dominique Tonneau: "Official" constraint or real constraint? An analysis of the control of hospitals in France.
Since the end of the seventies, different dispositions and reforms have been issued to try and limit the growth of hospital expenses, and change the management rules in place. Through a research dealing with a sample of 12 hospitals, and completed between 1986 and 1988, the authors studied the effects of these new budgeting constraints.
A quantitative analysis was led on the 1980-1986 period of time, and it did not yield a significant bend in respect with the pre- vious tendencies: growth of the hospital real expenses quite higher than the provided officiai rate, lack of tendencies as to the financial indicators, very heavy increase in the medical expenditures, etc.
These results may be explained fiinctionally through a certain amount of derogations and various exceptions, as well as a local use of the allowed flexibility remaining in the definition of the budgeting procedure.
More basically, such a state of facts may be linked to the présent actors' system. The authors show how physicians and hospital managers have gradually built up a consensus, in order to enter a strategy of technical development, centered on the hospital itself. As to the local trusteeship authorities, they are not in a position to oppose this strategy, because of two main factors: the power relations at stake, and the constraints deriving from the management tools in use.
Fabriquer le sens : le réseau sémantique du cancer
Authors: Saillant Francine 
Published: October 2010

Francine Saillant: Constructing meaning: the semantic network of cancer.
This paper presents the findings of a clinical anthropology study about the cancer experience of a population of francophone patients of Quebec (Canada). The general theme of popular knowledge about cancer is speciflcally investigated. The cancer phenomenon is analysed as a representation and a symbol. Cancer knowledge among patients is regarded as a production of meaning. The data showed that the popular knowledge of cancer is constructed during the course of illness, this knowledge is produced in a dedramatization perspective (cancer is not only a reality mediated by death) and in the connexion with the life story of the ill subject. Psychosocial etiology explains the personal situation of the patient, environmental etiology explains the cancer prevalence in modem society.
La qualité de vie peut-elle guider les choix de planification sanitaire ? Les QALYs ou l'essai non transformé de l'Angleterre
Authors: Jourdain Alain 
Published: October 2010

Alain Jourdain: Can quality of life contribute to health planning? QALYs or the english unconverted try.
Quality Adjusted Life Years (QALYs) have been used for decision making in the field of new technologies at regional level in UK and USA. This tool is now disputed; the aim of this article is to make an evaluation of its usefullness.
In the first part, QALYs are presented as an original contribution to the battery of synthetic health indicators like life expectancy or life expectancy without disability. In the second part, QALYs/cost are discussed from the micro-economic point of view.
We set in the discussion that QALYs, now, suffer of a lack of conception and experience that could be compensated by a better dialogue between economists and clinicians. This effort is justified because this tool allows a transfer of responsabilities from specialists towards civil society.
And QALYs have an advantage on other utility-cost indicators: they are built as a "lego System", the elements of which can be found in the scientific litterature.
Approches méthodologiques dans l'étude de l'acceptabilité de la vaccination : exemple de trois enquêtes menées en Afrique de l'Ouest
Authors: Lévy-Bruhl Daniel , Cook Jon , Legonou Blandine , Jaffré Yannick , Amévigbe Philippe Dzek , Sanou Gilbert , Guérin N. 
Published: October 2010

Daniel Lévy-Bruhl, J. Cook, B. Legonou, Y. Jaffré, P. Amévigbe, G. Sanou, N. Guérin: Methodological approaches in studying the acceptability of vaccination: example of three investigations conducted in West Africa.
Immunization program directors in three West African countries asked the help of social scientists to better understand non-utilization of immunization services. Semi-structured interviews carried out in homes sought to identify how parental models of childhood illnesses, especially concepts of their causes and prevention, affect immunization levels. These studies are examples of applied social science research providing, in a matter of months, information useful to health personnel for the management of their programs.
Approche anthropologique de la drépanocytose des malades antillais
Authors: Bougerol Christiane 
Published: October 2010

Christiane Bougerol : Enfoque antropológico de la drepanocitosis en enfermos de las Antillas francesas.
La encuesta antropológica entre enfermos antillanos que sufren de la drepanocitosis muestra como, a nivel cognitivo, hacen una amalgama entre una enfermedad de la medicina tradicional - la anemia - y la drepanocitosis. A base de ajustes y arreglos continuos entre los datos obtenidos de la medicina tradicional y de la bio-medicina, los enfermos organizan su vida cotidiana. Al quedar bien explicada la información médica permite a los pacientes pasar de una gestion aleatoria de la enfermedad a una gestion concertada.
En Francia esta enfermedad queda desconocida fuera del medio de los enfermos, de los antillanos y de los africanos, y del medio médico. Eso vuelve la vida de los jóvenes pacientes difícil en las diferentes esferas de la vida social en donde éstos se insertan -y particularmente en el mundo escolar- aun mas cuanto el tratamiento de la enfermedad tiene un gran carácter de visibilidad.
Anciens buveurs et alcoolisme. Discours de la causalité
Authors: Fainzang Sylvie 
Published: October 2010

Sylvie Fainzang : Exbebedores y alcoholismo. Dicursos de la causalidad.
Este artículo explora los conceptos etiológicos desarrollados por los miembros de una asociación de exbebedores (Vida libre) con relación al alcoholismo. El exámen de sus discursos, confrontado al discurso doctrinal del movimiento, permite mostrar que :
1. Aún cuando existe un rechazo al cuestionamiento sobre las causas de su alcoholismo (o del de su conjugue), se produce un discurso etiológico ;
2. Esos discursos reproducen los modelos culturales construidos alrededor de las categorias del sexo ;
3. La interpretación que el individuo da de su alcoholismo (o bien del de su conjugue) influencía cuando no determina, el tipo de terapéutica escogida ;
4. La coexistencia de estos discursos con el discurso doctrinal de « Vida libre » es posible y no se opone a la acción del movimiento en la medida en que los esquemas de causalidad que contienen admiten una focalización sobre la « responsabilidad » del alcohol-sujeto.
Interactions familiales et impact de la technologie dans la gestion d'une maladie chronique chez l'enfant
Authors: Waissman Renée 
Published: October 2010

Family interactions and the impact of technology upon the management of a chronic illness in children
This article looks at the interactions between the actors involved: the families, the affected children and the medical personnel, within the framework of the organization of a serious illness, kidney renal failure. Such interaction is concretized in the form of certain tasks to be accomplished. These constitute medical work which involves a technical dimension and combines to shape the social relationships in the home and/or hospital. This medical work is carried out in a context of changing situations, constantly put in to question by the illness, and thus discovering a social order in which families and children becomes actors in these new situations.
Informatisation des unités de soins et travail de formalisation de l'activité infirmière
Authors: Acker Françoise 
Published: October 2010

Informatización de las unidades de curación y trabajo de formalización de la actividad de enfermera
La informatización de las unidades de curación y trabajo de formalización actualmente en vigencia en los establecimientos hospitalarios se inscribe en un movimiento más amplio de racionalización de la actividad hospitalaria, como también en un proyecto de autonomización de la enfermería con respecto a la actividad médica. El trabajo de formalización de la actividad de enfermería, efectuado para elaborar las aplicaciones se lleva a cabo dentro de esta tensión, las enfermeras deben realizar un doble trabajo de articulación, por una parte el trabajo interno dentro de su grupo profesional, para lograr una representación formai unificada de su acividad, por otra arte, con respecto a los otros grupos profesionales, para que dicha representación pueda ser integrada. Las enfermeras encargadas de la computación desarrollan con el tiempo conocimientos y competencias particulares, aunque su estatus dentro de la organización siga siendo problemático.
Débats autour de la transplantation d'organes
Authors: Déchamp-Le Roux Catherine 
Published: October 2010

Controversies about transplants
Solidarity between the living and the dead as materialised by the circulation of organs and tissues has been both the cause and the consequence of social change. The emergence of conditions favourable to that technico-social paradigm are analysed through a study of the scientific and lay controversies about transplants. In western countries, the State has legislated and organised the social transfer of the dead human body, considered as an element of the solidarity between strangers. The death of organs led to the definition of brain death - in 1968 - that in turn led to the idea of a human body distinct from the person with a consequent increase in transplantation. The rapid development of this medical technology forced the State to intervene and ensure that the human body be henceforth considered as a national resource. The State, in its capacity as guarantor of organic solidarity, also works for the technicians who manage the supply and demand.
Réticences au prélèvement d'organes : égoïsme ou résistance au biopouvoir ? Une question de catégorisation
Authors: Girard Alain 
Published: October 2010

Reticence towards organ removal.
Selfishness or resistance towards biopower?
A question of classification
This article offers to clarify the question of « organ donation » (as well as the issue of reluctance brought on by this « donation ») by following a reconstrucitve method of the classifcations through which the subjects constitute or interpret this question. The reconstructive method works in two phases : first, the rebuilding of the two contradictory discourses (or demonstratives logics) which developed from the problem or « organ donation »; second, the establishing of mostly pre-demonstrative representations on a question on wich many of the subjects, in everyday life, have not yet elaborated a justified reasoning. These representations are addressed trough the results of a survey (n = 208) which included questions about association and evocation. This investigation leads to destabilizing the qualification of « donation » imposed by the « transplantors community ». It proposes to both take seriously the « transplantors community » and prevent the monopolisation by the medical technologies of the symbolic power of « telling » the life and the death.
D'où viennent les interrogations morales ? Les usages rhétoriques des innovations par les pédiatres réanimateurs français
Authors: Paillet Anne 
Published: October 2010

Where do moral issues corne from? Rhetorical use of innovations by intensive care pediatricians
Intensive care pediatricians must routinely make decisions about ending or continuing intensive care procedures on patients — difficult decisions that raise moral issues. Although there is little discussion of such moral dilemmas in their daily interactions in the hospital, pediatricians point them out clearly in their publications. They even trace such decisions to their presumed origins through accounts connecting the emergence of moral issues with biomedical innovations. But the moral role attributed to biomedical innovations is not self-evident. This paper examines the different ways in which the moral dimensions of innovations are utilized by intensive care pediatricians when they write. It illuminates how, when challenged by other hospital staff or by larger scale debates, especially those pertaining to bioethics, they use such discourses to legitimize their practice.
La décision médicale entre expertise et contrôle de la demande : le cas des interruptions de grossesse pour motif thérapeutique
Authors: Membrado Monique 
Published: October 2010

Medical decision-making between expertise and assessment of the daim: the case of termination of pregnancy
Despite the ten-week legal limit on pregnancy termination, the 1975 French law makes medical termination at any point on the pregnancy possible, as long as the fœtus can be shown to be at risk of a very serious or incurable health risk. In this case, the decision requires the approval of at least two doctors. Given the ethical difficulties surrounding any clinical diagnosis, the Gynaecology and Obstetrics unit of a university training hospital (CHU) set up an ethical watchdog committee (comite de vigilance) comprising medical and non-medical members. The aim of the committee is to define the criteria used to approve or reject applications for pregnancy termination, since this is evidently an area where social norms play a role which is as important as medical expertise. Decisions are reached with reference to the psychological characteristics and family background of the patients. With regard to its goals (the definition of objective criteria in the justification of medical decisions) and to its practice (the fine line between medical and ethical criteria), the committee studied here offers an interesting example of the potentially conflicting nature of the rationalities which are at the core of medical practice in the field of human reproduction.
Joyce et l'éthernité
Authors: Rigal Élisabeth 
Published: October 2010

"L'auteur prend pour point de départ le temps chez Joyce et lie cette question à celle de Dieu (l'éternité) très présente dans les premiers textes. L'éternité trouve sa place dans les écrits suivants à travers l'occultation de la mort : les morts se réveillent comme les dormeurs. Le temps se trouve lié à la forme de spatialisation que l'écriture de Joyce introduit, sa tentative inachevable de délimiter les choses par une fine, fine ligne", sa façon à lui de répondre, dans une création infinie de néologismes, à l'inconsistance d'une langue (éthernité)."
Quelle jouissance et quel salut de la psychanalyse ?
Authors: Aumercier Sandrine 
Published: October 2010

La jouissance est-elle atteinte dans le symptôme contemporain ? Doit-elle au contraire être atteinte dans la cure ? Lacan la situe du côté de l’impératif inassouvi ou de la jouissance féminine, ce qui permet, nous semble-t-il, d’éviter d’instrumentaliser ce concept, tant dans la cure que dans une politique de la psychanalyse.
Giant non-functioning adrenocortical carcinoma: A rare childhood tumor
Authors: Patel Viral V , Shah Diva S , Raychaudhari Chandra R , Patel Keyuri B 
Published: October 2010

AbstractAdrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is a rare malignancy, especially in children. The overall incidence is approximately 2 cases per million per year. [1] In children, the incidence is 0.3 cases per million per year, except in southern Brazil where the incidence is 3.4-4.2 cases per million per year. [2] We describe a giant nonfunctioning metastasized ACC in a 6-year-old girl who presented with a history of increasing abdominal girth incidentally noticed by her mother since 1 week. Ultrasound abdomen showed a large right suprarenal tumor with calcifications and necrosis. Empty left renal fossa and compensatory enlarged right kidney were seen. Computed tomography (CT) scan revealed a large heterogenously enhancing right suprarenal mass with calcification and necrosis with pulmonary metastasis. Histopathology report from the right suprarenal mass revealed an ACC. With a stage IV disease, the patient died after 2 months from diagnosis.
Locating and Communicating With At-Risk Populations About Emergency Preparedness: The Vulnerable Populations Outreach Model
Authors: Klaiman Tamar , Knorr Deborah , Fitzgerald Shannon , DeMara Philip , Thomas Chad , Heake George , Hausman Alice 
Published: October 2010

ABSTRACTVulnerable populations tend to have the worst health outcomes during and after disasters; however, these populations are rarely included in the emergency planning process. In Philadelphia, the Department of Public Health and the Office of Emergency Management have reached out to community-based organizations that serve vulnerable populations to include these key stakeholders in emergency planning. In this article, we outline strategies for locating, engaging, and communicating with vulnerable populations about both organizational and personal emergency preparedness. Such strategies include creating a method for bidirectional communication via a free quarterly health newsletter that is distributed to community-based organizations serving vulnerable populations. We also note successes and next steps from engaging vulnerable populations in the planning process in Philadelphia.(Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2010;4:246-251)
Communicating Emerging Infectious Disease Outbreaks to the Public Through Local Television News: Public Health Officials as Potential Spokespeople
Authors: Pribble James M. , Fowler Erika F. , Kamat Sonia V. , Wilkerson William M. , Goldstein Kenneth M. , Hargarten Stephen W. 
Published: October 2010

ABSTRACTObjective: To assess how West Nile virus (WNV) was reported to the American public on local television news and identify the main factors that influenced coverage.Methods: A representative sample of WNV stories that were reported on 122 local television news stations across the United States during October 2002, covering 67% of the nation's population, were coded for self-efficacy, comparative risk scenarios, symptoms and recommendations, high-risk individuals, and frame. In addition, public service professionals (PSPs) interviewed in the segments were identified. Comparisons were made between stories in which a PSP was interviewed and stories without an interview with respect to discussion of the 5 variables coded.Results: Of the 1371 health-related stories captured during the study period, 160 WNV stories aired, the second most common health topic reported. Forty-nine of the 160 WNV stories contained at least 1 of the 5 reporting variables. Forty-two PSPs were interviewed within 33 unique WNV stories. Public health officials composed 81% of all PSP interviews. Stories containing a public health official interview had 15.2 times (odds ratio 15.2, confidence interval 5.1-45.9) higher odds of reporting quality information, controlling for station affiliate or geographic location.Conclusions: Emerging infectious disease stories are prominently reported by local television news. Stories containing interviews with public health officials were also much more likely to report quality information. Optimizing the interactions between and availability of public health officials and the local news media may enhance disaster communication of emerging infections.(Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2010;4:220-225)
Hospital Referral Patterns: How Emergency Medical Care Is Accessed in a Disaster
Authors: Reilly Michael J. , Markenson David 
Published: October 2010

ABSTRACTBackground:A prevalent assumption in hospital emergency preparedness planning is that patient arrival from a disaster scene will occur through a coordinated system of patient distribution based on the number of victims, capabilities of the receiving hospitals, and the nature and severity of illness or injury. In spite of the strength of the emergency medical services system, case reports in the literature and major incident after-action reports have shown that most patients who present at a health care facility after a disaster or other major emergency do not necessarily arrive via ambulance. If these reports of arrival of patients outside an organized emergency medical services system are accurate, then hospitals should be planning differently for the impact of an unorganized influx of patients on the health care system. Hospitals need to consider alternative patterns of patient referral, including the mass convergence of self-referred patients, when performing major incident planning.Methods:We conducted a retrospective review of published studies from the past 25 years to identify reports of patient care during disasters or major emergency incidents that described the patients' method of arrival at the hospital. Using a structured mechanism, we aggregated and analyzed the data.Results:Detailed data on 8303 patients from more than 25 years of literature were collected. Many reports suggest that only a fraction of the patients who are treated in emergency departments following disasters arrive via ambulance, particularly in the early postincident stages of an event. Our 25 years of aggregate data suggest that only 36% of disaster victims are transported to hospitals via ambulance, whereas 63% use alternate means to seek emergency medical care.Conclusions:Hospitals should evaluate their emergency plans to consider the implications of alternate referral patterns of patients during a disaster. Additional consideration should be given to mass triage, site security, and the potential need for decontamination after a major incident.(Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2010;4:226-231)