bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The EuroPrevall birth cohort study on food allergy: baseline characteristics of 12,000 newborns and their families from nine European countries
Authors: McBride D. , Keil T. , Grabenhenrich L. , Dubakiene R. , Drasutiene G. , Fiocchi A. , Dahdah L. , Sprikkelman A. B. , Schoemaker A. A. , Roberts G. , Grimshaw K. , Kowalski M. L. , Stanczyk‐Przyluska A. , Sigurdardottir S. , Clausen M. , Papadopoulos N. G. , Mitsias D. , Rosenfeld L. , Reche M. , Pascual C. , Reich A. , Hourihane J. , Wahn U. , Mills E. N. C. , Mackie A. , Beyer K. 
Published: December 2011

To cite this article: McBride D, Keil T, Grabenhenrich L, Dubakiene R, Drasutiene G, Fiocchi A, Dahdah L, Sprikkelman AB, Schoemaker AA, Roberts G, Grimshaw K, Kowalski ML, Stanczyk‐Przyluska A, Sigurdardottir S, Clausen M, Papadopoulos NG, Mitsias D, Rosenfeld L, Reche M, Pascual C, Reich A, Hourihane J, Wahn U, Mills ENC, Mackie A, Beyer K. The EuroPrevall birth cohort study on food allergy: baseline characteristics of 12,000 newborns and their families from nine European countries. Pediatric Allergy Immunology 2012: 23: 230–239.AbstractIt is unclear why some children develop food allergy. The EuroPrevall birth cohort was established to examine regional differences in the prevalence and risk factors of food allergy in European children using gold‐standard diagnostic criteria. The aim of this report was to describe pre‐, post‐natal and environmental characteristics among the participating countries. In nine countries across four major European climatic regions, mothers and their newborns were enrolled from October 2005 through February 2010. Using standardized questionnaires, we assessed allergic diseases and self‐reported food hypersensitivity of parents and siblings, nutrition during pregnancy, nutritional supplements, medications, mode of delivery, socio‐demographic data and home environmental exposures. A total of 12,049 babies and their families were recruited. Self‐reported adverse reactions to food ever were considerably more common in mothers from Germany (30%), Iceland, United Kingdom, and the Netherlands (all 20–22%) compared with those from Italy (11%), Lithuania, Greece, Poland, and Spain (all 5–8%). Prevalence estimates of parental asthma, allergic rhinitis and eczema were highest in north‐west (Iceland, UK), followed by west (Germany, the Netherlands), south (Greece, Italy, Spain) and lowest in central and east Europe (Poland, Lithuania). Over 17% of Spanish and Greek children were exposed to tobacco smoke in utero compared with only 8–11% in other countries. Caesarean section rate was highest in Greece (44%) and lowest in Spain (<3%). We found country‐specific differences in antibiotic use, pet ownership, type of flooring and baby’s mattress. In the EuroPrevall birth cohort study, the largest study using gold‐standard diagnostic criteria for food allergy in children worldwide, we found considerable country‐specific baseline differences regarding a wide range of factors that are hypothesized to play a role in the development of food allergy including allergic family history, obstetrical practices, pre‐ and post‐natal environmental exposures.
Psychosocial Assessment Tool 2.0_General: Validity of a psychosocial risk screener in a pediatric kidney transplant sample
Authors: Pai Ahna L. H. , Tackett Alayna , Ittenbach Richard F. , Goebel Jens 
Published: December 2011

Pai ALH, Tackett A, Ittenbach RF, Goebel J. Psychosocial Assessment Tool 2.0_General: Validity of a psychosocial risk screener in a pediatric kidney transplant sample.  Pediatr Transplantation 2012: 16: 92–98. © 2011 John Wiley & Sons A/S.Abstract: To present the preliminary psychometric properties of the PAT2.0_GEN, a brief, caregiver completed screener of psychosocial for children who were recipients of kidney transplants. Caregivers of 45 children and adolescents with kidney transplants completed the PAT2.0_GEN and the PedsQL. Internal consistency and predictive validity of the PAT2.0 were examined. Internal consistency for the PAT2.0_GEN Total score was strong. Internal consistency for the PAT2.0_GEN subscales ranged from 0.31 to 0.82. Evidence supporting convergent validity was observed; higher PAT2.0_GEN scores were significantly associated with lower caregiver‐ and self‐rated patient quality of life and poorer family communication. PAT2.0_GEN scores were also associated with an increased likelihood that a patient received or had been independently referred for psychological services within two yr of completing the PAT2.0_GEN. The PAT2.0_GEN Total score is a promising screening tool for psychosocial risk in the pediatric kidney transplant population.
Outcome of spontaneous and iatrogenic pneumothoraces managed with small‐bore chest tubes
Authors: GALBOIS A. , ZORZI L. , MEURISSE S. , KERNÉIS S. , MARGETIS D. , ALVES M. , AIT‐OUFELLA H. , BAUDEL J.‐L. , OFFENSTADT G. , MAURY E. , GUIDET B. 
Published: December 2011

BackgroundLittle is known about the efficacy of management of iatrogenic pneumothoraces with small‐bore chest tubes. The aim of this study was to assess the outcome of iatrogenic pneumothoraces requiring drainage managed with a small‐bore chest tube and to compare the results to spontaneous pneumothoraces treated in the same unit with the same device. The primary outcome was requirement of video‐assisted thoracoscopic surgery for drainage failure; secondary outcomes were length of drainage and number of inserted chest tubes.MethodsPatients with pneumothorax admitted between 1997 and 2007 were retrospectively identified. Traumatic pneumothoraces and those occurring under mechanical ventilation were excluded. All pneumothoraces were drained using the same small‐bore chest tube (8 French) according to our local protocol.ResultsFive hundred sixty‐one pneumothoraces were analysed, 431 (76.8%) were spontaneous pneumothoraces and 130 (23.2%) were iatrogenic. Iatrogenic pneumothoraces were associated with less requirement of video‐assisted thoracoscopic surgery for drainage failure [adjusted odds ratio= 0.24 (0.04, 0.86)]. Length of drainage of iatrogenic pneumothoraces was longer than for primary spontaneous pneumothoraces (3.8 ± 3.1 vs. 2.7 ± 1.8 days, P < 0.001) and shorter than for secondary spontaneous pneumothoraces (4.6 ± 2.3 days, P = 0.004). Number of inserted chest tubes per patient was not significantly different according to pneumothoraces' aetiology.ConclusionSmall‐bore chest tubes are feasible for treatment of iatrogenic pneumothoraces and have a better rate of success and slightly longer drainage duration than when used for spontaneous pneumothoraces.
Role of active nitrogen molecules in progression of septic shock
Authors: KOTHARI N. , BOGRA J. , KOHLI M. , MALIK A. , KOTHARI D. , SRIVASTAVA S. , KESHARI R.S. , SINGH V. , BARTHWAL M.K. , DIKSHIT M. 
Published: December 2011

IntroductionActive nitrogen molecules are formed as a result of cell metabolism. They are essential for cell metabolism, but when produced in excess, they contribute to the pathogenesis of several disease processes. These nitrogen molecules play an important role in vascular instability of septic shock. This study was planned to detect the role of active nitrogen molecules in the progression of septic shock.Materials and methodsBlood samples were collected from 118 critically ill patients admitted in ICU and from 95 healthy relatives accompanying the patients. Patients were categorized into three groups: systemic inflammatory response syndrome (n = 54), sepsis (n = 35) and septic shock (n = 29). Plasma total nitrite (nitrites and nitrates), cytokines like tumour necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α) and plasma lactate were measured to assess inflammatory activity and severity of septic shock.ResultsHigh plasma levels of nitrite and nitrate (No2‐/No3‐) were observed in critically ill patients (mean level 78.92 μmol/l in sepsis and 97.20 μmol/l in septic shock). Mean plasma TNF‐α level in sepsis was 213.50 pg/ml and septic shock was 227.38 pg/ml.ConclusionPlasma No2‐/No3‐ and TNF‐α levels were high in patients with sepsis and septic shock, which increased with severity of sepsis.
Lack of agreement and trending ability of the endotracheal cardiac output monitor compared with thermodilution
Authors: MØLLER‐SØRENSEN H. , HANSEN K. L. , ØSTERGAARD M. , ANDERSEN L. W. , MØLLER K. 
Published: December 2011

BackgroundMinimally invasive monitoring systems of central haemodynamics are gaining increasing popularity. The present study investigated the precision of the endotracheal cardiac output monitor (ECOM) system and its agreement with pulmonary artery catheter thermodilution (PAC TD) for measuring cardiac output (CO) during steady state and with induced haemodynamic changes in patients scheduled for elective cardiac surgery.MethodsTwenty‐five patients were enrolled. After induction of anaesthesia, endotracheal intubation using a dedicated ECOM tube, and insertion of the pulmonary artery catheter (PAC), the patient was placed in the following successive positions: (a) supine, (b) head‐down tilt, (c) head‐up tilt, (d) supine, (e) supine with phenylephrine administration. CO was measured simultaneously using the ECOM and the PAC.ResultsBoth methods showed an equally good precision < 10%. Compared to PAC TD, the ECOM system was associated with a bias in supine position of −0.45 l/min (95% confidence interval: −0.86; −0.05), limits of agreement −2.40 l/min to 1.49 l/min and a percentage error of 41.0%. There was no agreement in trending ability between the two methods, with a concordance rate of 30%, shown in a four‐quadrant plot.ConclusionIn a direct comparison with PAC TD, the ECOM system did not show an acceptable agreement, with wide limits of agreement, a much larger percentage error than should be expected from the precision of the two methods and a very poor trending ability. Thus, the ECOM does not replace measurements done by thermodilution using a pulmonary artery catheter in cardiac surgery patients.
Physiological implications of genomic state in parthenogenetic lizards of reciprocal hybrid origin
Authors: ROBERTS J. A. , VO H. D. , FUJITA M. K. , MORITZ C. , KEARNEY M. 
Published: December 2011

AbstractParthenogenesis often evolves in association with hybridization, but the associated ecological consequences are poorly understood. The Australian geckoHeteronotia binoeiis unusual because triploid parthenogenesis evolved through reciprocal crosses between two sexual lineages, resulting in four possible cytonuclear genotypes. In this species complex, we compared the performance of these parthenogenetic genotypes with their sexual progenitors for a suite of physiological traits (metabolic rate, thermal tolerance, locomotor performance, andin vitroactivity and gene sequence divergence of a cytonuclear metabolic pathway, cytochrome C oxidase). Mass‐specific metabolic rate scaled differently with body mass for parthenogens and sexuals, while heat tolerance provided the only evidence for cytonuclear incompatibility in hybrid parthenogens. The most prominent phenotypic effects were attributable to nuclear genome dosage. Overall, our results suggest that the hybrid/polyploidy origin of parthenogeneticH. binoeihas had surprisingly few negative fitness consequences and may have produced a broader overall niche for the species.
P/Q‐type and T‐type calcium channels, but not type 3 transient receptor potential cation channels, are involved in inhibition of dendritic growth after chronic metabotropic glutamate receptor type 1 and protein kinase C activation in cerebellar Purkinje cells
Authors: Gugger Olivia S. , Hartmann Jana , Birnbaumer Lutz , Kapfhammer Josef P. 
Published: December 2011

AbstractThe development of a neuronal dendritic tree is modulated both by signals from afferent fibers and by an intrinsic program. We have previously shown that chronic activation of either type 1 metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluR1s) or protein kinase C (PKC) in organotypic cerebellar slice cultures of mice and rats severely inhibits the growth and development of the Purkinje cell dendritic tree. The signaling events linking receptor activation to the regulation of dendritic growth remain largely unknown. We have studied whether channels allowing the entry of Ca2+ into Purkinje cells, in particular the type 3 transient receptor potential cation channels (TRPC3s), P/Q‐type Ca2+ channels, and T‐type Ca2+ channels, might be involved in signaling after mGluR1 or PKC stimulation. We show that the inhibition of dendritic growth seen after mGluR1 or PKC stimulation is partially rescued by pharmacological blockade of P/Q‐type and T‐type Ca2+ channels, indicating that activation of these channels mediating Ca2+ influx contributes to the inhibition of dendritic growth. In contrast, the absence of Ca2+ ‐permeable TRPC3s in TRPC3‐deficient mice or pharmacological blockade had no effect on mGluR1‐mediated and PKC‐mediated inhibition of Purkinje cell dendritic growth. Similarly, blockade of Ca2+ influx through glutamate receptor δ2 or R‐type Ca2+ channels or inhibition of release from intracellular stores did not influence mGluR1‐mediated and PKC‐mediated inhibition of Purkinje cell dendritic growth. These findings suggest that both T‐type and P/Q‐type Ca2+ channels, but not TRPC3 or other Ca2+‐permeable channels, are involved in mGluR1 and PKC signaling leading to the inhibition of dendritic growth in cerebellar Purkinje cells.
Consent for pediatric anesthesia: an observational study
Authors: Lagana Zoe , Foster Andrew , Bibbo Adriana , Dowling Kate , Cyna Allan M. 
Published: December 2011

SummaryBackground:  Informed consent prior to anesthesia is an important part of the pediatric pre‐anesthetic consultation. This study aimed to observe and identify the number and nature of the anesthesia risks considered and communicated to parents/guardians and children during the pediatric informed consent process on the day of elective surgery.Methods:  A convenience sample of anesthetists had their pre‐anesthesia consultations voice recorded, prior to elective surgery, during a 4‐month period at the largest tertiary referral centre for pediatric care in South Australia. A data collection form was used to note baseline demographic data, and voice recording transcripts were independently documented by two researchers and subsequently compared for accuracy regarding the number and nature of risks discussed.Results:  Of the 96 voice recordings, 91 (92%) were suitable for the analysis. The five most commonly discussed risks were as follows: nausea and vomiting (36%); sore throat (35%); allergy (29%); hypoxia (25%); and emergence delirium (19%). Twenty‐seven pre‐anesthetic consultations (30%) were found to have had no discussion of anesthetic risk at all while a further 23 consultations (26%) incorporated general statements inferring that anesthesia carried risks, but with no elaboration about their nature, ramifications or incidence. The median number of risks (IQR) specifically mentioned per consultation was higher, 3 (1) vs 1 (1), P < 0.05, when the consultation was performed by a trainee rather than a consultant anesthetist and when the patient had previous anesthesia experience odds ratio 0.34, 95% CI [0.13, 0.87], P = 0.025.Conclusions:  The pediatric anesthesia risk discussion is very variable. Trainees tend to discuss more specific risks than consultants and a patient’s previous experience of anesthesia was associated with a more limited discussion of anesthesia risk.
Is black tea consumption associated with a lower risk of cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes?
Authors: Ruxton C. H. S. , Mason P. 
Published: December 2011

SummaryType 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease represent major causes of morbidity, which impact greatly on healthcare expenditure. Clinical studies suggest that ingestion of black tea, which contains a range of bioactive compounds, can inhibit oxidative damage and improve endothelial function. The objectives of this review are to: (1) evaluate observational evidence linking black tea consumption with the prevalence of cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes; (2) consider the mechanisms by which black tea may have a protective effect; and (3) examine the potential role of tea drinking in relation to public health.The findings from epidemiological studies suggested a significant association between regular black tea consumption and a reduced risk of coronary heart disease at around three or more cups per day. For diabetes risk, the data are restricted to a few large cohort studies that suggested a beneficial association at one to four cups daily. These findings need to be confirmed by intervention trials. While some studies suggest that drinking black tea may reduce the risk of stroke, likely mechanisms remain unclear, highlighting the need for more human intervention studies. Disparities found involving studies may have been influenced by variations in reported tea intakes, limited sample sizes in intervention trials and inadequate control of confounders. In conclusion, drinking black tea may have a role in lowering the risk of coronary heart disease and type 2 diabetes. Future research should focus on controlled trials and studies to elucidate likely mechanisms of action.
Daylight photodynamic therapy for actinic keratosis: an international consensus
Authors: Wiegell S.R. , Wulf H.C. , Szeimies R.‐M. , Basset‐Seguin N. , Bissonnette R. , Gerritsen M.‐J.P. , Gilaberte Y. , Calzavara‐Pinton P. , Morton C.A. , Sidoroff A. , Braathen L.R. 
Published: December 2011

AbstractPhotodynamic therapy (PDT) is an attractive therapy for non‐melanoma skin cancers including actinic keratoses (AKs) because it allows treatment of large areas; it has a high response rate and results in an excellent cosmesis. However, conventional PDT for AKs is associated with inconveniently long clinic visits and discomfort during therapy. In this article, we critically review daylight‐mediated PDT, which is a simpler and more tolerable treatment procedure for PDT. We review the effective light dose, efficacy and safety, the need for prior application of sunscreen, and potential clinical scope of daylight‐PDT. Three randomized controlled studies have shown that daylight‐mediated PDT is an effective treatment of thin AKs. Daylight‐mediated PDT is nearly pain‐free and more convenient for both the clinics and patients. Daylight‐mediated PDT is especially suited for patients with large field‐cancerized areas, which can easily be exposed to daylight. Further investigations are necessary to determine at which time of the year and in which weather conditions daylight‐mediated PDT will be possible in different geographical locations.
Trioza hopeae sp. nov. (Hemiptera: Triozidae): A pest on Hopea odorata (Malvales: Dipterocarpaceae) in Vietnam
Authors: BURCKHARDT Daniel , VU Nga Thi 
Published: December 2011

AbstractTrioza hopeae sp. nov. is described and illustrated from Vietnam. Trioza hopeae develops on Hopea odorata, a valuable timber tree on which it causes serious damage by inducing leaf galls. The new species is closely related to Trioza minuta (Mathur) comb. nov. (from Ceropsylla Riley), an Indian species associated with Shorea robusta. Differences between the two species are discussed. Another five Indian species are transferred here from Ceropsylla to Trioza Foerster as T. ferruginea (Mathur, 1975) comb. nov., T. fulvida (Mathur, 1975) comb. nov., T. indica (Kandasamy, 1986) comb. nov., T. longivenata (Kandasamy, 1986) comb. nov., and T. parvus (Kandasamy, 1986) comb. nov.
Esophageal Electric Fields are Predictive of Atrial Defibrillation Thresholds
Authors: FITCH DAVID A. , SOBERMAN JUDITH , DE JONGH CURRY AMY L. 
Published: December 2011

Background:

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a common cardiac arrhythmia characterized by disorganized cardiac electrical activity. Defibrillation electrode placement has been shown to affect the amount of energy and number of shocks required to defibrillate. The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between esophageal electric fields (EEFs) and atrial defibrillation thresholds (ADFTs) to determine the feasibility of using EEFs during a low‐strength shock to predict patient‐specific defibrillation electrode placements.
Methods:

AF was induced and defibrillated according to a Bayesian four‐shock protocol for 12‐electrode placements in six pigs. EEFs were measured during each of the four shocks of the protocol and during a 1‐J shock for each electrode placement. Squared EEFs (EEF2s) during all shocks were compared to the ADFTs using a linear regression.
Results:

There was a negative relationship between EEF2s during the 1‐J shocks and ADFTs, with median R2 values of 0.863 and 0.840 for anterior–anterior (AA) and anterior–posterior (AP) electrode placements, respectively. There was a strong, positive relationship between applied energy and EEF2s, with median R2 values of at least 0.866 for all animals. The placement with the highest EEF2 resulted in the lowest ADFT for both AA and AP placements in four of six pigs. In the other two animals, this held for one electrode set but not both.
Conclusions:

There was a strong negative relationship between EEF2s during 1‐J shocks and ADFTs for both AA and AP electrode placements. These preliminary results suggest that using EEF2s to predict patient‐specific electrode placements is feasible. (PACE 2011;1–6)
Cosmological Christology: Arthur Peacocke, John Polkinghorne and Pierre Teilhard de Chardin in Dialogue
Authors: O'Collins Gerald 
Published: December 2011

AbstractArthur Peacocke, a biochemist turned theologian, accepted Christ's personal resurrection but not his bodily resurrection from the grave. He argued from Paul's silence about the discovery of the empty tomb, from Christ's sharing fully in our human condition, and from the irreversible processes of nature. John Polkinghorne, a physicist turned theologian, has maintained that Paul's view of resurrection implies an empty tomb, that Christ's resurrection from the grave has revealed the transformed destiny of matter, and that, for good reasons, God can suspend and change the laws of nature. In Pierre Teilhard de Chardin's vision of an evolving world, Christ's resurrection from the grave released a new force of love and revealed the spiritual destiny of matter. With Polkinghorne he shared a hope for the transformation of the universe, a process initiated by the glorious raising of Jesus’ crucified body.
Skeletal muscle mitochondrial respiration in AMPKα2 kinase‐dead mice
Authors: Larsen S. , Kristensen J. M. , Stride N. , Wojtaszewski J. F. P. , Helge J. W. , Dela F. 
Published: December 2011

AbstractAim:To study whether the phenotypical characteristics (exercise intolerance; reduced spontaneous activity) of the AMPKα2 kinase‐dead (KD) mice can be explained by a reduced mitochondrial respiratory flux rates (JO2) in skeletal muscle. Secondly, the effect of the maturation process on JO2 was studied.Methods:In tibialis anterior (almost exclusively type 2 fibres) muscle from young (12–17 weeks, n = 7) and mature (25–27 weeks, n = 12) KD and wild‐type (WT) (12–17 weeks, n = 9; 25–27 weeks, n = 11) littermates, JO2 was quantified in permeabilized fibres ex vivo by respirometry, using a substrate‐uncoupler‐inhibitor‐titration (SUIT) protocol: malate, octanoyl carnitine, ADP and glutamate (GMO3), + succinate (GMOS3), + uncoupler (U) and inhibitor (rotenone) of complex I respiration. Citrate synthase (CS) activity was measured as an index of mitochondrial content.Results:Citrate synthase activity was highest in young WT animals and lower in KD animals compared with age‐matched WT. JO2 per mg tissue was lower (P < 0.05) in KD animals (state GMOS3). No uncoupling effect was seen in any of the animals. Normalized oxygen flux (JO2/CS) revealed a uniform pattern across the SUIT protocol with no effect of KD. However, JO2/CS was higher [GMO3, GMOS3, U and rotenone (only WT)] in the mature compared with the young mice – irrespective of the genotype (P < 0.05).Conclusion:Exercise intolerance and reduced activity level seen in KD mice may be explained by reduced JO2 in the maximally coupled respiratory state. Furthermore, an enhancement of oxidative phosphorylation capacity per mitochondrion is seen with the maturation process.