bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Role of Silicon in Mediating Salt Stress Responses in Arabidopsis Methylation Mutants
Authors: Yeşildirek Yağmur Vecide , Arıkan Burcu , Çelik Haluk , Premkumar Albert , Özden Sibel , Kara Neslihan Turgut 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Purpose
The growing prevalence of soil salinity presents a significant threat to agriculture production on a global scale. Previous studies on salt stress, shown that silicon (Si) has an alleviating effect on plants exposed to stress. However, the results of the alleviating effect of Si on epigenetic level is not yet understood. In this study, we tried to understand how methylation mechanisms affect the alleviating effect of Si by testing on Arabidopsis epigenetic mutants (met1-7, drm2-2 and ros1-4).

Methods
The Col-0 and mutant plants were exposed to silicon and NaCl simultaneously and separately during two weeks. After that in order to see the physiological effects of Si on methylation mutants, which is known to be effective in antioxidant pathways of Col-0 plants, osmolyte accumulation and membrane damage were analyzed and to see the effects at the molecular level, the expression profiles of the CSD2, CAT3 and APX1 genes and global methylation changes were analyzed.

Results
As a general result of the osmolyte accumulation, ion leak, global methylation and gene expression analyzes performed in this study, it was determined that salt stress also had negative effects on Arabidopsis epigenetic mutants. It was concluded that the mitigating effect of Si on NaCl stress was most clearly determined as a result of global DNA methylation analyses.

Conclusions
It was found that treating Arabidopsis methylation mutants with Si during salt stress could improve the plants’ ability to withstand salt. The results of this study provide information about the alleviating effect of Si based on methylation of separate and co-exposure to Si and NaCl, and also provide an epigenetic perspective to explain the mechanisms of Si improving plant durability under stress conditions.
Numerical analysis of soil–steel composite structure performance at ultimate load: impact of stiffening ribs and geotextile reinforcement
Authors: Legese Alemu Mosisa , Różański Adrian , Sobótka Maciej , Wysokowski Adam 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis study investigates soil–steel composite structures, emphasizing the role of stiffening ribs and geotextile reinforcement through comprehensive numerical modeling. This study presents a two-dimensional finite element analysis (FEA) and compares the influence of stiffening rib and geotextile on the ultimate bearing capacity of the soil–steel composite structures. The results of this study demonstrate a significant enhancement in load capacity. Specifically, a notable 47% improvement was observed with a stiffening rib, and a 26% increase was noted with the use of a single layer of geotextile. Under peak load, the vertical displacement at the crown exceeds the permissible standard for all models except for one model, while bending moments reach their limits, marking a failure mode of composite system considered. Structures with stiffened ribs reach their load capacity due to the creation of a plastic hinge around the shoulder and haunch of the shell. On the other hand, in structures without stiffening ribs, the crown and haunch section of the shell becomes fully plastic under peak load. The maximum axial thrust is shown in geotextile-reinforced structure, reaching 78% of the shell maximum capacity due to compression. Eventually, stiffening rib substantially improves overall load-bearing capacity of the soil–steel composite structures, and geotextile placement in the upper part of the backfill reduces shell deflection due to bending.
Low impact development devices DNA of cities for long term stormwater management strategies
Authors: Boogaard F. , Kondratenko J. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIn 2024 the Low Impact Development Devices (LID) open-source international database ClimateScan consist of over 14.000 climate adaption related projects uploaded in the period of 2014–2024. For cities with over 500 projects, this offers an opportunity to construct a LID-DNA of the city. LID-DNA presents the ‘genetic information of the development and functioning of LID in a city’ and was first used in The Netherlands during ClimateCafés as evaluation for future design and maintenance of stormwater management strategies. The LID-DNA of several cities based on the quantity and categories of LID is visualized. The LID structure of early adaptor Amsterdam with over 500 LID measures implemented in 2000–2024, shows a large variety of over 20 types of individual LID. The relative new adaptor Riga shows a LID-DNA with a focus on bio-filtration with raingardens and swales (based on 40 data points). Stakeholders from different departments concluded that cities benefit from the insights of their urban LID-DNA earlier in the process. An early insight will support a targeted LID strategy choosing a limited cost-efficient group of LID than having a wide range of different LID without evaluation of their efficiency. Departments in the city asked for more detailed insights (earlier in the process) to prevent mal-adaptation and disinvestments and be more efficient with their capacity. The ClimateScan database holds over 300 monitored LID projects with research results in North America and Europe in cities as Vancouver, New Orleans, Amsterdam and Riga. Future work will focus on more detailed LID-DNA visualisation based on not only the amount of LID but on the dimensions such as water storage (m3) and surface (m2). Monitoring of LID will be stimulated to make strategic decisions on measured infiltration rates (m/d) of LID as most important criteria for possible damage by floodings and maintenance (clogging). Raising awareness and capacity building targeted on the high-ranking cost-efficient LID is set up in both cities focused on the design, construction and maintenance of LID.
CsABCG11.2 mediates theanine uptake to alleviate cadmium toxicity in tea plants (Camellia sinensis)
Authors: Hao Xulei , Xiahou Long , Zhao Hanyang , Liu Jiatong , Guo Fei , Wang Pu , Wang Mingle , Wang Yu , Ni Dejiang , Zhao Hua 
Published: June 2024

AbstractTheanine (Thea) is a unique metabolite in tea plants, but its physiological functions remain elusive. A low soil pH increases cadmium (Cd) availability, affecting the quality of tea plant products. In this study, we found that Thea reversed the Cd-induced reduction in free amino acid (FAA) and caffeine (CAF) in the young tea leaves, as well as the down-regulation in the expression of nitrate transporters CsNRT1.2 and CsNRT2.5, and genes responsible for the nitrogen (N) assimilation. We demonstrated that Thea could alleviate Cd-induced oxidative stresses and enhance photosynthesis. Moreover, an ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter, CsABCG11.2, could uptake distinct Cd substrates and the five major amino acids in tea plants. Heterologous expression of CsABCG11.2 in yeast indicated a competitive absorption between Cd and Thea in a concentration-dependent pattern. CsABCG11.2-overexpressing Arabidopsis plants exhibited increased sensitivity to Cd due to enhanced Cd concentration, accumulation in the shoots, and reduction in the primary root length. Exogenous application of Thea at environmentally regular levels attenuated the adverse effects of Cd-induced growth inhibition and chlorosis in CsABCG11.2-overexpressing Arabidopsis plants. Knockdown of CsABCG11.2 tea plants significantly lowered Cd levels in young shoots. Our results suggest that Thea plays beneficial roles in alleviating Cd stress directly or indirectly by modulating CsABCG11.2-mediated Cd uptake and translocation within plants.
Predictive factors for spontaneous resolution of dural arteriovenous fistulas: a systematic review
Authors: Baldazzi Dalila , D’Andrea Valerio , Bernetti Caterina , Vertulli Daniele , Greco Federico , Beomonte Zobel Bruno , Mallio Carlo A. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Purpose
The aim of this review is to offer a comprehensive overview of the existing knowledge regarding Dural Arteriovenous Fistulas (DAVFs), examining their correlation with clinical data and various pathological conditions.

Materials and methods
The literature was analyzed according to “Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses” (PRISMA) guidelines. MR, CT images and angiography have been used to identify the signs of the presence of DAVFs and the possibility of spontaneous resolution. It is not currently believed that the resolution of DAVFs is exclusively linked to specific conditions, and evidence shows that in a proportion of patients, occlusion of these fistulas occurs without any intervention. Studies exploring the presence of DAVFs and their relationship with clinical data have revealed interesting findings. Furthermore, researchers have identified associations between DAVFs and a variety of factors such as thrombosis, architectural characteristics, angiography, hemorrhage, and more, which may promote their spontaneous closure.

Results
A total of 28 articles were selected. Finally, 5 studies, including 2 retrospective and 5 prospective ones, along with 21 case reports, were included in our results.

Conclusions
The main predictive factors for thrombosis, crucial for DAVF resolution, are stasis and endothelial damage. Stasis arises from certain DAVF architectures, cavernous sinus enlargement, or compression from hemorrhage with edema, while endothelial damage often results from contrast medium use in angiography. These factors are not always decisive, leaving the closure mechanism uncertain. Understanding these factors aids clinicians in stratifying patients and tailoring treatments. Current evidence is limited by a lack of randomized controlled trials and study heterogeneity; thus, larger, multicenter studies are needed to enhance future findings.
Future Changes in Regional Tropical Cyclone Wind, Precipitation, and Flooding Using Event‐Based Downscaling
Authors: Michalek Alexander , Done James M. , Villarini Gabriele 
Published: June 2024

AbstractUnderstanding changes in the hazard component of climate risk is important to inform societal resilience planning in a changing climate. Here, we examine local changes in wind speed, rainfall, and flooding related to tropical cyclones (TCs) and compare them across statistical and dynamical modeling approaches. Our focus region is the Delaware River Basin, located in the northeastern United States. We pair event‐based downscaling with large ensemble climate model information to capture the details of extreme TC wind, rain, and flooding, and their likelihood, in a changing climate. We identify local TCs in the Community Earth System Model 2 Large Ensemble (CESM2‐LENS). We find fewer TCs in the future, but these future storms have higher wind speeds and are wetter. We also find that TCs produce heavier 3‐day precipitation distributions than all other summertime weather events, with TCs constituting a larger percentage of the upper tail of the full precipitation distribution. With this information, we identify a small collection of 200‐year return events and compare the resulting TC rain and wind across dynamical and statistical downscaling methods. We find that dynamical downscaling produces peak rain rates far higher than CESM or the statistical downscaling method. It can also produce quite different future changes in precipitation totals for the small set of events considered here. This leads to vastly different flood responses. Overall, our results highlight the need to interpret future changes of event‐based simulations in the context of downscaling method limitations.
Statistical‐Physical Adversarial Learning From Data and Models for Downscaling Rainfall Extremes
Authors: Saha Anamitra , Ravela Sai 
Published: June 2024

AbstractQuantifying the risk from extreme weather events in a changing climate is essential for developing effective adaptation and mitigation strategies. Climate models capturing different scenarios are often the starting point for physical risk. However, accurate risk assessment for mitigation and adaptation often demands a level of detail they typically cannot resolve. Here, we develop a dynamic data‐driven downscaling (super‐resolution) method that incorporates physics and statistics in a generative framework to learn the fine‐scale spatial details of rainfall. Our approach transforms coarse‐resolution (0.25°) climate model outputs into high‐resolution (0.01°) rainfall fields while efficaciously quantifying the hazard and its uncertainty. The downscaled rainfall fields closely match observed spatial fields and their distributions. Contrary to conventional thinking, our results suggest that coupling simple statistics and physics to learning improves the efficacy of downscaling midlatitude rainfall extremes from climate models.
Distinct Central and Eastern Pacific El Niño Influence on Antarctic Surface Mass Balance
Authors: Macha J. M. A. , Mackintosh A. N. , McCormack F. S. , Henley B. J. , McGregor H. V. , van Dalum C. T. , Purich A. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe El Niño‐Southern Oscillation causes anomalous atmospheric circulation, temperature and precipitation across southern polar latitudes, but the influence of Central and Eastern Pacific El Niño events on Antarctic surface mass balance and snow accumulation has not yet been assessed. Here, we use reanalysis and reanalysis‐forced regional climate model output and find that Central Pacific El Niño results in significantly increased snow accumulation in the western Ross Sea sector and significantly decreased snow accumulation in the Amundsen Sea sector. Eastern Pacific El Niño is associated with similar but weaker patterns, with some regional exceptions. In some areas, like Dronning Maud Land, or the Wilkes Subglacial Basin, the effect of El Niño on snow accumulation changes from increased to reduced accumulation depending on the type of El Niño. Our results show that projecting El Niño types is important for constraining future changes in Antarctic surface mass balance.
A meta-analysis of the effects of ketamine on suicidal ideation in depression patients
Authors: Shen ZuoYao , Gao DaiQuan , Lv Xue , Wang HongXing , Yue WeiHua 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe treatment of suicidal ideation in patients with depression has been a major problem faced by psychiatric and emergency departments, and reasonable drug selection is particularly important. Ketamine has been shown to reduce suicidal ideation rapidly, but the strength of the effect is unclear and there is little evidence-based medical evidence to support this. We systematically searched all articles published on PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, CNKI and EMBASE. Stata 15 and R 4.1.3 were used for meta-analysis, and odds ratios were calculated in fixed effects or random effects models based on the heterogeneity test results. Our search resulted in 505 articles; we analyzed 14 studies, which included 1,380 participants. The 14 studies included 10 randomized controlled trial (RCT) studies and 4 single-arm studies. Our study suggests that, ketamine has a significant therapeutic effect on suicidal ideation throughout the treatment cycle. We performed network meta-analyses(NMA) and pairwise meta-analyses to compare the efficacy of ketamine in the reduction of suicidal ideation. There was a significant reduction in suicidal ideation within the first day after treatment (NMA ketamine day1 RR = 10.02, 95%CI = 4.24 to 23.68). In repeated treatment, the degree of recovery of suicidal ideation after the last dose was significantly greater than that after the first dose (RR = 0.56, 95%CI = 0.51 to 0.62). Recovery of suicidal ideation was also significantly better in the treatment end point than in the placebo group at the same time point (NMA ketamine day26 RR = 4.29, 95%CI = 1.41 to 13.08). This is the first network meta-analysis to demonstrate the role of ketamine in the alleviation of suicidal ideation. Our network meta-analysis also compared the effects of different drugs at different time points, which was not done in previous studies. This is of great reference significance for future drug research andrational drug use.
Planar cell polarity proteins mediate ketamine-induced restoration of glutamatergic synapses in prefrontal cortical neurons in a mouse model for chronic stress
Authors: Freitas Andiara E. , Feng Bo , Woo Timothy , Galli Shae , Baker Clayton , Ban Yue , Truong Jonathan , Beyeler Anna , Zou Yimin 
Published: June 2024

AbstractSingle administration of low-dose ketamine has both acute and sustained anti-depressant effects. Sustained effect is associated with restoration of glutamatergic synapses in medial prefrontal cortic (mFPC) neurons. Ketamine induced profound changes in a number of molecular pathways in a mouse model for chronic stress. Cell-cell communication analyses predicted that planar-cell-polarity (PCP) signaling was decreased after chronic administration of corticosterone but increased following ketamine administration in most of the excitatory neurons. Similar decrease of PCP signaling in excitatory neurons was predicted in dorsolateral prefrontal cortical (dl-PFC) neurons of patients with major depressive disorder (MDD). We showed that the basolateral amygdala (BLA)-projecting infralimbic prefrontal cortex (IL PFC) neurons regulate immobility time in the tail suspension test and food consumption. Conditionally knocking out Celsr2 and Celsr3 or Prickle2 in the BLA-projecting IL PFC neurons abolished ketamine-induced synapse restoration and behavioral remission. Therefore, PCP proteins in IL PFC-BLA neurons mediate synapse restoration induced by of low-dose ketamine.
Identification and characterization of Varicella Zoster Virus circular RNA in lytic infection
Authors: Yang Shaomin , Cao Di , Jaijyan Dabbu Kumar , Wang Mei , Liu Jian , Cruz-cosme Ruth , Wu Songbin , Huang Jiabin , Zeng Mulan , Liu Xiaolian , Sun Wuping , Xiong Donglin , Tang Qiyi , Xiao Lizu , Zhu Hua 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis study investigates the role of circular RNAs (circRNAs) in the context of Varicella-Zoster Virus (VZV) lytic infection. We employ two sequencing technologies, short-read sequencing and long-read sequencing, following RNase R treatment on VZV-infected neuroblastoma cells to identify and characterize both cellular and viral circRNAs. Our large scanning analysis identifies and subsequent experiments confirm 200 VZV circRNAs. Moreover, we discover numerous VZV latency-associated transcripts (VLTs)-like circRNAs (circVLTslytic), which contain multiple exons and different isoforms within the same back-splicing breakpoint. To understand the functional significance of these circVLTslytic, we utilize the Bacteria Artificial Chromosome system to disrupt the expression of viral circRNAs in genomic DNA location. We reveal that the sequence flanking circVLTs’ 5’ splice donor plays a pivotal role as a cis-acting element in the formation of circVLTslytic. The circVLTslytic is dispensable for VZV replication, but the mutation downstream of circVLTslytic exon 5 leads to increased acyclovir sensitivity in VZV infection models. This suggests that circVLTslytic may have a role in modulating the sensitivity to antiviral treatment. The findings shed new insight into the regulation of cellular and viral transcription during VZV lytic infection, emphasizing the intricate interplay between circRNAs and viral processes.
Midbrain glutamatergic circuit mechanism of resilience to socially transferred allodynia in male mice
Authors: Han Yi , Ai Lin , Song Lingzhen , Zhou Yu , Chen Dandan , Sha Sha , Ji Ran , Li Qize , Bu Qingyang , Pan Xiangyu , Zhai Xiaojing , Cui Mengqiao , Duan Jiawen , Yang Junxia , Chaudhury Dipesh , Hu Ankang , Liu He , Han Ming-Hu , Cao Jun-Li , Zhang Hongxing 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe potential brain mechanism underlying resilience to socially transferred allodynia remains unknown. Here, we utilize a well-established socially transferred allodynia paradigm to segregate male mice into pain-susceptible and pain-resilient subgroups. Brain screening results show that ventral tegmental area glutamatergic neurons are selectively activated in pain-resilient mice as compared to control and pain-susceptible mice. Chemogenetic manipulations demonstrate that activation and inhibition of ventral tegmental area glutamatergic neurons bi-directionally regulate resilience to socially transferred allodynia. Moreover, ventral tegmental area glutamatergic neurons that project specifically to the nucleus accumbens shell and lateral habenula regulate the development and maintenance of the pain-resilient phenotype, respectively. Together, we establish an approach to explore individual variations in pain response and identify ventral tegmental area glutamatergic neurons and related downstream circuits as critical targets for resilience to socially transferred allodynia and the development of conceptually innovative analgesics.
Silver coordination-induced n-doping of PCBM for stable and efficient inverted perovskite solar cells
Authors: Gong Cheng , Li Haiyun , Wang Huaxin , Zhang Cong , Zhuang Qixin , Wang Awen , Xu Zhiyuan , Cai Wensi , Li Ru , Li Xiong , Zang Zhigang 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe bidirectional migration of halides and silver causes irreversible chemical corrosion to the electrodes and perovskite layer, affecting long-term operation stability of perovskite solar cells. Here we propose a silver coordination-induced n-doping of [6,6]-phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester strategy to safeguard Ag electrode against corrosion and impede the migration of iodine within the PSCs. Meanwhile, the coordination between DCBP and silver induces n-doping in the PCBM layer, accelerating electron extraction from the perovskite layer. The resultant PSCs demonstrate an efficiency of 26.03% (certified 25.51%) with a minimal non-radiative voltage loss of 126 mV. The PCE of resulting devices retain 95% of their initial value after 2500 h of continuous maximum power point tracking under one-sun irradiation, and > 90% of their initial value even after 1500 h of accelerated aging at 85 °C and 85% relative humidity.
Noisy qudit vs multiple qubits: conditions on gate efficiency for enhancing fidelity
Authors: Janković Denis , Hartmann Jean-Gabriel , Ruben Mario , Hervieux Paul-Antoine 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAs qubit-based platforms face near-term technical challenges in terms of scalability, qudits, d-level bases of quantum information, are being implemented in multiple platforms as an alternative for Quantum Information Processing (QIP). We compare the infidelity scalings of single qudit and multiqubit systems within identical Hilbert space dimensions and noisy environments in the Lindblad formalism. We find them to be gate-independent to first-order and present an analytically-derived critical curve $$({d}^{2}-1)/3{\log }_{2}(d)$$

(

d

2

−
1

)

/
3

log

2

(

d

)

that benchmarks the operational time efficiency of qudits and qubits relative to their decoherence times. This comparison reveals conditions under which qudits offer competitive gate efficiencies compared to leading qubit platforms. Our findings, supported by numerical simulations testing the applicability and limits of the linear response formalism, highlight the relevance of qudits in near-term QIP. This provides a benchmark for evaluating qudit platforms, specifically those with lower dimensionality, in terms of their operational efficiency relative to the qubit state-of-the-art.