bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Outcomes after completing growth-friendly surgical treatment for early-onset scoliosis in patients with skeletal dysplasia
Authors: Saarinen Antti J. , Sponseller Paul , Thompson George H. , White Klane K. , Emans John , Cahill Patrick J. , Hwang Steven , Helenius Ilkka 
Published: June 2024

AimsThe aim of this study was to compare outcomes after growth-friendly treatment for early-onset scoliosis (EOS) between patients with skeletal dysplasias versus those with other syndromes.MethodsWe retrospectively identified 20 patients with skeletal dysplasias and 292 with other syndromes (control group) who had completed surgical growth-friendly EOS treatment between 1 January 2000 and 31 December 2018. We compared radiological parameters, complications, and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) at mean follow-up of 8.6 years (SD 3.3) in the dysplasia group and 6.6 years (SD 2.6) in the control group.ResultsMean major curve correction per patient did not differ significantly between the dysplasia group (43%) and the control group (28%; p = 0.087). Mean annual spinal height increase was less in the dysplasia group (9.3 mm (SD 5.1) than in the control group (16 mm (SD 9.2); p < 0.001). Mean annual spinal growth adjusted to patient preoperative standing height during the distraction period was 11% in the dysplasia group and 14% in the control group (p = 0.070). The complication rate was 1.6 times higher (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.3 to 2.0) in the dysplasia group. The following complications were more frequent in the dysplasia group: neurological injury (rate ratio (RR) 5.1 (95% CI 2.3 to 11)), deep surgical site infection (RR 2.2 (95% CI 1.2 to 4.1)), implant-related complications (RR 2.0 (95% CI 1.5 to 2.7)), and unplanned revision (RR 1.8 (95% CI 1.3 to 2.5)). Final fusion did not provide additional spinal height compared with watchful waiting (p = 0.054). There were no significant differences in HRQoL scores between the groups.ConclusionAfter growth-friendly EOS treatment, patients with skeletal dysplasias experienced a higher incidence of complications compared to those with other syndromes. Surgical growth-friendly treatment for skeletal dysplasia-associated EOS should be reserved for patients with severe, progressive deformities that are refractory to nonoperative treatment.Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2024;106-B(6):596–602.
Ascites Is a Poor Prognostic Factor in Advanced Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma and May Be Undertreated: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Wang Justin , Cui Yujie , Osipov Arsen , Gong Jun , Pandol Stephen , Lo Simon , Nissen Nicholas , Abbas Anser , Levi Abrahm , Hendifar Andrew 
Published: June 2024

INTRODUCTION:
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma is associated with significant morbidity and mortality as most patients present with advanced disease. The development of ascites has been associated with poor outcomes and further characterization and contemporary management strategies are needed.

METHODS:
A total of 437 patients enrolled in the Gastrointestinal Biobank at Cedars-Sinai Medical Center who had epithelial pancreatic malignancy were included in the prospective cohort group. Overall, 41.7% of patients included in this study developed ascites. Most patients with ascites (>80%) had high serum-ascites albumin gradient ascites. In both univariate and multivariate analysis, a history of ≥1 form of chemotherapy was significantly associated with ascites. Estimated median overall survival in patients with ascites was significantly lower than in patients without ascites, 473 days vs 573 days, and ascites had a hazard ratio of 1.37.

RESULTS:
Patients with ascites who received diuretics and indwelling peritoneal catheter had an estimated median survival of 133 days from diagnosis of ascites, and those who received only the indwelling peritoneal catheter without diuretics had an estimated median survival of only 54 days. The estimated median survival from the diagnosis of ascites was 92 days, and the median time to puncture was 7 days. The median time from first tap to death was 45 days.

DISCUSSION:
The use of diuretics is lower than would be expected for patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma with elevated serum-ascites albumin gradient. Other therapies such as beta blockers should be investigated in this subset of patients. The etiology of ascites in these patients is poorly understood, and further research is needed to establish treatment guidelines and improve outcomes.
Interstitial Lung Disease as an Emerging Contributor to Mortality in Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Population-Based Epidemiological Study
Authors: Vaezi Atefeh , Ashby Tracy , Schweitzer Michael , Ghali Peter , Mirsaeidi Mehdi 
Published: June 2024

INTRODUCTION:
We aim to investigate the contribution of interstitial lung disease (ILD) to mortality in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).

METHODS:
We performed a comprehensive retrospective, population-based epidemiological study across the United States from 2001 to 2020, using the Wide-ranging Online Data for Epidemiologic Research database. Mortality data were classified according to the International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision, with the codes J84 for ILD, K50 for Crohn's disease, and K51 for ulcerative colitis. To discern patterns, age-adjusted mortality rates (AMR) were computed, stratified by sex, geographic census region, and racial/ethnic demographics.

RESULTS:
From 2001 to 2020, there were 57,967 reported deaths among patients with IBD with an AMR per million significantly rising from 10.989 in 2001–2005 to 11.443 in 2016–2020 (P < 0.0001). ILD was a contributor to death in 1.19% (692/57,967) of these cases, with AMR rising from 0.092 to 0.143 per million (P = 0.010). The percentage of ILD-related deaths in the IBD population increased from 1.02% to 1.30% over 2 decades. ILD was a more common cause of death in patients with Crohn's disease than with ulcerative colitis (54.6% vs 45.4%), with a significant increase for both conditions from 2001 to 2020 (P < 0.05). An upward trend in ILD-related mortality was observed in both sexes (P < 0.05) and within the White population (P = 0.010).

DISCUSSION:
The observed increase in mortality rates due to ILD among patients with IBD is concerning and highlights a critical need for systematic ILD screening protocols within the IBD patient population to facilitate early detection and management.
A High Visceral-to-Skeletal Muscle Area Ratio on Cross-Sectional Imaging Is Associated With Failure of Standard Ustekinumab Doses: A Multicenter Study
Authors: Tan Zhi , Chin Andrew , Welman Christopher J. , Thin Lena 
Published: June 2024

INTRODUCTION:
Anti-interleukin 12/23 agents have shown greater durability in response compared with anti-tumor necrosis factor α agents. Data on the association between body composition (BC) or body mass index (BMI) and ustekinumab's therapeutic response is limited. We aimed to evaluate the impact of BC on time to failing standard doses of ustekinumab in patients with Crohn's disease (CD).

METHOD:
Patients with CD aged 16 years and older from 2 tertiary centers were studied retrospectively. Included patients had abdominal imaging within 6 months of ustekinumab induction and were followed until April 30, 2022. An experienced abdominal radiologist blinded to the clinical information measured the area of visceral fat area and skeletal muscle area at the mid L3 vertebral level, with values corrected for height2 to derive respective indices (visceral fat index [VFI], skeletal muscle index [SMI]) and the VFI:SMI ratio.

RESULTS:
Ninety-nine patients met inclusion criteria. The mean age at ustekinumab induction was 46.6 (±1.6) years. The median BMI (interquartile range) was 26.5 (22.6–30.8). Twenty-four patients (24.2%) did not respond or lost response to standard doses of ustekinumab over the follow-up duration. A younger age (hazard ratio 0.96, 95% confidence interval 0.94–0.99, P = 0.01) and a VFI:SMI ratio >1.6 (hazard ratio 4.65, 95% confidence interval 1.73–12.45, P = 0.002) were both associated with a shorter time to failing ustekinumab at standard doses on multivariate analysis. BMI, notably, had no association with the primary outcome.

DISCUSSION:
A high VFI:SMI ratio is associated with an increased risk of failing standard doses of ustekinumab. BC measurements derived from cross-sectional imaging at the start of ustekinumab therapy is a useful indicator for therapeutic durability.
Chemical modification of kraft lignin using black liquor heat treatment
Authors: Demuner Iara Fontes , Borges Gomes Fernando José , Coura Marcela Ribeiro , Demuner Antonio Jacinto , Macedo Ladeira Carvalho Ana Márcia , Cubides-Román Diana Catalina , Ribas Batalha Larisse Aparecida , Castro Rosane Nora 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Utilizing kraft technical lignin to produce value-added products is one of the obstacles associated with kraft mill work as an operational biorefinery. The objective of this work was to evaluate chemical modification in eucalypt kraft lignin after heat treatment of black liquor. To prove possible structural changes, advanced analytical tools were used, such as pyrolysis coupled to gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (2D NMR). Kraft lignins extracted from heat-treated liquors compared with the untreated liquors showed a high total lignin content, varying between 96.4 and 98.3 %, and a lower content of sugars and ash. Py-GC/MS, FTIR and 2D NMR analyses showed interesting modification on the lignin structure, such as a reduction in S-type and G-type lignin and an increase in H-type and Ca-type lignin with heat treatment of the black liquor. The heat treatment of the black liquor proved to be efficient in the chemical modification of the extracted kraft lignins. Demethylation and demethoxylation reactions occurred and they generated kraft lignin with free phenolic groups and that were rich in catechol groups.
RNA expression profiling of peritoneal metastasis from pancreatic cancer treated with Pressurized Intraperitoneal Aerosol Chemotherapy (PIPAC)
Authors: Detlefsen Sönke , Burton Mark , Ainsworth Alan P. , Fristrup Claus , Graversen Martin , Pfeiffer Per , Tarpgaard Line S. , Mortensen Michael B. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Objectives
Pressurized Intraperitoneal Aerosol Chemotherapy (PIPAC) is an experimental treatment option in peritoneal metastasis from pancreatic cancer (PM-PC). Aims were to examine mRNA profile of fibrosis due to response after systemic chemotherapy and PIPAC (Regression) compared to treatment-naïve PM-PC and chronic cholecystitis–related peritoneal fibrosis (Controls).

Methods
Peritoneal biopsies (PBs) from PM-PC patients who had undergone systemic chemotherapy and PIPAC were evaluated with Peritoneal Regression Grading Score (PRGS). We extracted RNA from PBs with Regression (PRGS 1, n=11), treatment-naïve PM-PC (n=10), and Controls (n=10). Profiling of 800 mRNAs was performed (NanoString nCounter, PanCancer Immuno-Oncology 360 (IO-360) and 30 additional stroma-related mRNAs).

Results
Regression vs. PM-PC identified six up-regulated and 197 down-regulated mRNAs (FDR≤0.05), linked to TNF-α signaling via NF-kB, G2M checkpoint, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, estrogen response, and coagulation. Regression vs. Controls identified 43 significantly up-regulated mRNAs, linked to interferon-α response, and down-regulation of 99 mRNAs, linked to TNF-α signaling via NF-kB, inflammatory response, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, KRAS signaling, and hypoxia (FDR≤0.05).

Conclusions
In regressive fibrosis of PM-PC after systemic chemotherapy and PIPAC (Regression), downregulation of mRNAs related to key tumor biological pathways was identified. Regression also showed transcriptional differences from unspecific, benign fibrosis (Controls). Future studies should explore whether mRNA profiling of PBs with PM from PC or other primaries holds prognostic or predictive value.
The impact of COVID-19 pandemic on diet and lifestyle of undergraduate medical students of South India-a cross sectional study
Authors: Shanbhag Deepthi N. , Shaj Dana Mariyam , S. J. Manju Mariya , Sushil Ann Mary 
Published: June 2024

Background: COVID-19, infectious disease caused by the Corona virus, caused economic and social disruptions all over the World. In order to contain this pandemic, complete/partial lock down was declared in different parts and thus restricting all human activities. Lifestyle behaviours, especially eating habits, physical activity and sleep patterns changed causing complications such as obesity, diabetes and cardiovascular disorders. The prevalence of depression, anxiety and stress increased among the public.
Methods: The study is conducted among medical students to find out the extent of after effects of COVID pandemic on the diet and life style of medical students. Online questionnaire was used to access the lifestyle and exercise patterns of medical students across South India.
Results: The study reveals that the pandemic has led to notable shifts in the daily routines, eating habits, and overall well-being of this demographic. Factors such as increased stress, remote learning, and limited social interactions have played a crucial role in these changes. Significant change in hours of sleep, and change in sitting and screen time has been observed. Slight increase in the daily intake of fruits and vegetables, intake of balanced diet and immunity-boosting food, consumption of junk food/fast food and fried food has been observed. The consumption of unhealthy food when bored or stressed is also slightly increased. There is also slight change in quality of sleep and participation in exercise.
Conclusions: The publication provides insights into the challenges faced by medical students and highlights the importance of addressing these issues to support their health and well-being during these unprecedented times.
Skin stories unveiled: A histopathological journey through tertiary care dermatology
Authors: Ratnika  , Chaudhary Savita , Fatima Alisha , Riya  , Lal Nirupama 
Published: June 2024

A variety of clinical phenotypes are observed in dermatological illnesses, which can occasionally make diagnosis challenging. Our study aimed to conduct a retrospective analysis of dermatopathological correlation and highlight its significance in establishing an accurate diagnosis. Retrospective analysis was done on histopathological data gathered from a tertiary health care centre over a period of 18 months. To facilitate analysis, the results were categorised into various groups. Of the 336 cases that were examined in total, microbial infections accounted for the majority (33.93%, n = 114/336). Non-infectious erythematous papular and squamous disease (18.75% n = 63/336) and non-infectious vesiculobullous and vesicopustular disease (11.31% n = 38/336) were the other two prevalent groups. The least common categories were inflammatory disease of subcutis (0.3% n = 1/336) and disorder associated with physical agent (0.3% n = 1/336). The histological results were generally in agreement with the clinical observations (75.60 percent, n = 253/336). Partial concordance and discordance was seen in 10.12% (34/336) and 6.25% (21/336) cases respectively. Early histopathological diagnosis and clinicopathological correlation helped in timely management of partially concordant and discordant cases. This study highlights the value of skin biopsies as an easy, reasonably priced, and useful tool in a dermatologist's toolbox. Histopathological analysis distinguishes between illnesses with similar morphologies, hence preventing misdiagnosis. Histopathology was useful in diagnosing a number of neoplastic disorders and in determining the progression or resolution of diseases like leprosy. Discordant cases were timely managed with the help of histopathological and clinical correlation.
The effect of Islamic leadership, organizational culture, motivation, work environment, and job satisfaction on employee performance
Authors: Rabbad Rana , Justiana Astuti Herni , Tubastuvi Naelati , Cinintya Pratama Bima 
Published: June 2024

This research aims to determine the effect of Islamic leadership, organizational culture, motivation, work environment, and job satisfaction on employee performance. Utilizing a quantitative approach, data was gathered through a survey method using a Likert-type scale with 5 rating options. The population in this study was all the employees of Universitas Muhammadiyah Purwokerto as many as 721 and the sample of 142 respondents was conveniently selected for this research. In this study the technique of analyzing the data using multiple regression analysis and the coefficient of determination test R2. Research results indicate that while organizational culture has no significant effect on employee performance, Islamic leadership, motivation, the work environment, and job satisfaction all positively and significantly affect employee performance. The findings of this research offer insights that can enhance employee performance within organizations. The independent variables Islamic leadership, organizational culture motivation work environment, and job satisfaction have an impact on 69.6% of the employee performance variable at Universitas Muhammadiyah Purwokerto and factors not covered in this study will have an impact on the remaining 30.4% of the employee performance variable. Organizations should prioritize enhancements in Islamic leadership, organizational culture, motivation, work environment, and job satisfaction to achieve this. Strategies for improvement may include fostering learning and development opportunities for employees, cultivating a positive and supportive workplace atmosphere, and providing competitive compensation and benefits packages.
IMPLEMENTATION OF PBL MODEL TO TRAIN PROBLEM-SOLVING SKILLS OF KUALA LUMPUR INDONESIAN SCHOOLS’ STUDENTS
Authors: Kusaeni Tsabita Na'ilatun Nahda , Inayah Nailil , Siraj Taufiq , Astutik Julia 
Published: June 2024

This research aims to determine students' problem-solving skills using the problem-based learning model assisted by Wordwall. This research was a quasi-experimental research posttest-only design. Samples were taken using saturated sampling techniques. The data collection method used a problem-solving skills test (posttest) and student response questionnaires. The results of the hypothesis test obtained a significance of 0.766 > 0.05, which means H0 was accepted. Based on the research results, it can be concluded that there is a difference in the problem-solving skills of students using the problem-based learning model compared to the conventional model using discovery learning, as seen from the average problem-solving aspects, although the differences are not significant. The students' response toward PBL assisted by Wordwall was positive. This research can be useful for developing a body of knowledge and a basis for other researchers' research, especially regarding the use of problem-based learning models assisted by wordwall game media to improve students' problem-solving abilities. Apart from that, research also provides new experiences for students in solving problem-based questions.
Technology Focus: EOR Operations (June 2024)
Authors: Mogensen Kristian 
Published: June 2024

With 2024 marking the 75th anniversary of JPT, several articles published earlier this year in the magazine reflected on how our industry has evolved over the last 25 years thanks to technology breakthroughs and entrepreneurial mindsets. Some of the fields that came into production at the turn of the century are now potential candidates for enhanced oil recovery (EOR), and current oil price levels ought to make more EOR projects economically attractive.
The EOR scene has evolved as well. Low-salinity waterflooding, originally thought to apply only in certain sandstone reservoirs, appears to be able to unlock additional reserves also for some carbonate formations, although the fundamental mechanisms are different. Within chemical EOR, we now have polymers and surfactants that can tolerate higher salinity and higher temperatures. Clear synergistic effects exist with low-salinity water, which can lower the required dosage of polymer and reduce adsorption in carbonates. Advancement in chemical formulations also can benefit mobility control in gasflooding applications through foam generation, with apparent synergistic effects when adding nanoparticles. There is no shortage of human ingenuity, and people are seeking inspiration from other industries such as biotech, nanotech, aerospace, and others.
Yet, despite these advancements, many factors, such as suboptimal well placement, inadequate completion for inflow control, aging facilities, and the lower cost of infill drilling, can dampen the initial enthusiasm toward EOR. This is most certainly the case in an offshore environment where we have yet to see CO2 injection beyond the piloting phase. I remain optimistic that EOR has a role to play in maintaining the supply of hydrocarbons during the energy diversification era that we have just entered.
Recommended additional reading at OnePetro: www.onepetro.org.
SPE 214825 Using Natural Gas Liquid for EOR in a Huff‘N’Puff Process: A Feasibility Study by Amin Alinejad, University of Alberta, et al.
SPE 216582 Alkali Polymer Flooding: Tackling Risks and Challenges From Feasibility Study to Pilot by A. Janczak, OMV, et al.
IPTC 24484 Comprehensive Piloting Strategy To Derisk First CO2 EOR Development in Sultanate of Oman by Ramez Nasralla, Petroleum Development Oman
OTC 34911 Pilot Tests of Steamflooding After Cyclic Steam‑N2‑CO2 Stimulation in Bohai Offshore With Large Well Spacing by Dong Liu, CNOOC, et al.
Bushfire season in Australian Indigenous seasonal calendars and associated drought trends
Authors: Coleman Rachel L. , Jain Shaleen 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT
Climate-induced changes in rainfall and temperature across Australia exacerbate drought and bushfire risk which have detrimental impacts on flora, fauna, and water quality. Indigenous Peoples across Australia have recorded climate, environment, and biotic patterns in seasonal calendars, of which five are used to delineate approximate time windows associated with bushfire to demonstrate the necessity of weaving non-colonial and colonial knowledge for better understanding modern climate challenges. The bushfire season (October–March) was examined for variability and trends in the Standardised Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI), the Southern Oscillation Index (SOI), and the Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) historical data from 1950 to 2021. SPEI is an integrative measure of local land-atmospheric conditions and affords physics-based monitoring of drought conditions across large spatial scales, using temperature, precipitation, and potential evapotranspiration to evaluate moisture content in a region. We found that drought indices showed moderate correlations with climate variables (SOI and sea surface temperatures). Taken together, this study illustrates overlapping scales of Indigenous and western knowledges in the context of bushfire risk and has the potential to enhance and inform climate adaptation efforts.