bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
SAT-1 -1415T/C polymorphism and suicidal behavior
Authors: Riaza Bermudo-Soriano C. , Vaquero-Lorenzo C. , Baca-García E. , Díaz-Hernández M. , Pérez-Piqueras J. , Sáiz-Ruiz J. 
Published: May 2011

BackgroundA growing interest in the potential role of polyamines in stress, mood disorders and suicidal behavior has recently emerged. In particular, the expression of polyamine's rate-limiting catabolic enzyme (SAT-1, Spermidine/spermine N1-acetyltransferase-1) may be reduced in ventral prefrontal cortex and posterior cyngulate gyrus of patients who committed suicide. However, there is some controversy regarding the involvement of potential cis-acting loci controlling SAT-1 gene expression (rs6526342 or rs17286006) in suicidal behavior. Moreover, a significant association between SAT-1 rs1960264 SNP and anxiety disorders has been found in a male caucasian spanish sample.MethodsIn order to test the potential association of SAT-1 -1415T/C SNP (rs1960264) with suicidal behavior, genotype frequencies for that SNP were compared between 193 suicidal attempters (126 female and 67 male) and 650 non-suicidal patients (314 female and 336 male) from an in-patient sample.ResultsWe could not find a significant difference in the distribution of the genotypes for rs1960264 SNP between suicide attempters versus non-suicidal individuals (Linear-by-Linear association X2 = 0,203; df = 1; P = 0,652, females; Linear-by-Linear association X2 = 0,000; df = 1; P = 0,990, males). Neither could we demonstrate a relationship between rs1960264 genotype and past history of suicidal attempts (Linear-by-Linear association X2 = 2,966 ; df = 1; P = 0,085, females; Linear-by-Linear association X2 = 1,171; df = 1; P = 0,279, males).ConclusionsAlthough we did not find a link between rs1960264 genotype and suicidal behavior, SAT-1 may be an interesting target to investigate the biology of this phenotype. Future studies should take into account other genetic polymorphisms at SAT-1, and definitively evaluate whether or not rs6526342 and rs1960264 have any functional implications.
A functional polymorphism of FK506-binding protein 51 (FKBP5) gene affects personality traits of harm avoidance and cooperativeness in healthy subjects
Authors: Shibuya N. , Suzuki A. , Sadahiro R. , Kamata M. , Matsumoto Y. , Goto K. , Hozumi Y. , Otani K. 
Published: May 2011

AimsPrevious studies have shown that the function of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis is involved in the characterization of personality traits. FK506-binding protein 51 (FKBP51 or FKBP5) is a co-chaperone of heat-shock protein 90, and plays an important role in the negative feedback regulation of HPA axis function. It has been reported that a C/T single nucleotide polymorphism in the intron 2 of FKBP5 gene (rs1360780) affects FKBP5 protein levels and cortisol response to dexamethasone and psychological stress tests. Therefore, it is hypothesized that the FKBP5 polymorphism affects personality traits. In the present study, we studied the association between this polymorphism and personality traits in healthy subjects.MethodsSubjects were 826 Japanese healthy volunteers. Personality traits were assessed by the Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI), and the FKBP5 genotype was detected by a real-time PCR and cycling probe technology for SNP typing.ResultsIn total subjects, the group with the T allele predictive of impaired negative feedback regulation of the HPA axis had higher scores of harm avoidance (p = 0.043) and lower scores of cooperativeness (p = 0.019) compared to that without the T allele. The T allele was associated with higher scores of harm avoidance in females (p = 0.020) and lower scores of cooperativeness in males (p = 0.015).ConclusionThe present study thus suggests that the FKBP5 polymorphism affects harm avoidance and cooperativeness in healthy subjects, with gender specificity.
A study of the relationship between weight loss and behavioral symptoms in patients with severe alzheimer's disease
Authors: Furuhashi Y. , Shin K. 
Published: May 2011

IntroductionAlzheimer's disease (AD) is often accompanied and worsened by malnutrition.AimsThe aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between weight loss and behavioral symptoms in institutionalized severe AD patients.MethodsAll subjects were recruited from Asahi Hospital, a long-term care facility.The diagnosis of AD was made in accordance with the National Institute of Neurological and Communicative Disorders and Stroke and the Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders Association (NINCDS-ADRDA) criteria. The inclusion criteria were (1) an MMSE score of 12 or less, (2) stable physical condition for at least three months. Exclusion criteria were (1) presence of acute disorders such as infection, heart failure, or requiring special treatment and intensive care. Weight was measured monthly. At baseline, 12 weeks, and 24 weeks, each patient received the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), the Barthel Index, and Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI).ResultsWe included 48 patients who were judged appropriate for the study. At baseline, the mean age was 83.3 ± 6.2, the mean weight was 41.8 ± 7.9, the mean body mass index (BMI) was 18.7 ± 3.5. During the 24 weeks of follow-up, 16 patients lost at least 3 kg of body weight, 20 patients remained stable, and 12 patients gained at least 3 kg of body weight. The mean NPI scores was significantly higher in the weight-loss group than in the weight-gain and weight-stable groups.ConclusionThese preliminary results suggest that behavioral disturbances play a role in low body weight and weight loss in AD patients.
An evaluation of the beyondblue depression training program for aged care workers
Authors: Mellor D. , Mccabe M. , Davison T. , Karantzas G. , George K. 
Published: May 2011

IntroductionThe prevalence of depression among older people receiving care is high, yet the rate of treatment of this disorder is low. One way to improve the pathway to care is to train care staff to recognise the symptoms of depression and raise their confidence in responding to them.ObjectiveTo evaluate the efficacy of the beyondblue Depression Training Program.MethodsStaff (N = 148) from low level care facilities and community care facilities in metropolitan Melbourne completed the beyondblue Depression Training Program, while staff in other facilities (N = 96) acted as controls. Pre-, post- and follow-up questionnaire data were collected and referrals for depression by staff were recorded.ResultsTraining improved carers’ knowledge about depression, their self-efficacy in responding to signs of depression and their attitudes towards working with depressed aged care recipients. In addition, training increased the number of referrals for depression made by carers.ConclusionsTraining aged care staff in depression can improve the pathways to care for depressed care recipients, and has the potential to improve the quality of life of older people.
Low frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in elderly: Effects on mood and cognitive functions
Authors: Pallanti S. , Cecchelli C. 
Published: May 2011

Increasing the options for effective treatment of depression in elderly with the aim of improving quality of life remains a critical public health goal. Late-life depression is associated with cognitive impairment and dementia. Pharmacological therapy is a common modality of treatment for depression during the late-life period. Antidepressants seem to have some efficacy in improving cognitive functions. However pharmacological treatment in elderly causes some trouble because of the risk of metabolic side effects. Continuing use of antidepressant medication is associated with an increased relative risk of type 2 diabetes.Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS) represents an effective, well-tolerated non-pharmacological treatment for depression. Recently rTMS has been proposed as a possible treatment for the cognitive deficits associated with Alzheimer disease (AD). The findings of a recent study provide initial evidence for the persistent beneficial effects of rTMS on sentence comprehension in AD patients.We propose the use of rTMS for treatment of depression in elderly in order to reduce the risk of metabolic side effects and to improve cognitive functions. In our experience, elderly depressed patient treated with rTMS, at 1 Hz at 110% of Rest Motor Threshold (RMT) over the right Dorso-Lateral Pre-Frontal Cortex (DLPFC) for three or four weeks, show a significant reduction in depressive symptomatology and furthermore a significant improving in cognitive functions (verbal fluency, visual-spatial memory and score in the MINI-Mental State Examination).
Late-life depression and cerebrovascular diseases
Authors: Shakhurova N.I. , Lebedeva V.F. , Popova N.M. , Pavlova O.A. 
Published: May 2011

IntroductionOne of relevant challenges of psychogeriatric assistance is recognition of depression and cognitive disturbances in elder patients because clinical similarity of their manifestations masks nature of syndrome.ObjectiveTo study of clinical severity and nosological belonging of depressive syndrome against the background of accompanying cerebrovascular pathology with availability of cognitive disorders in elder patients under treatment at the specialized department of affective states.MethodsTotal number of observations has constituted 55 persons (males - 24, females - 31, mean age 66,3 ± 5,8 years). Criteria of inclusion: age older than 60 years, complaints about memory disturbances and decreased background of mood as a basic cause of seeking psychiatric assistance. We excluded patients with mental disorders of psychotic register, presence of substance dependence syndrome, dementia.ResultsAccording to results of clinical-psychopathological investigation along with ICD-10 diagnostic criteria, nosological structure of revealed disorders has been represented by the following rubrics: organic affective disorder (F06.3) was diagnosed in 355 of patients; depressive disorders of rubric F3 were registered in 45% of patients, comorbid with organic asthenic disorder (F06.6) or with mild cognitive disorder (F06.7), in 15% of cases depression was leading syndrome within adjustment disorder also in combination with mild cognitive disorder, in 55 of cases depressive symptoms was regarded as secondary whereas predominating ones were cognitive and behavior disturbances within organic asthenic disorder (F06.6).ConclusionsThus, clinical assessment and nosological belonging of depressive syndrome combined with organic disorders in the elderly are an important factor mainly determining the choice of therapeutic strategy.
P02-262 Age group differences in psychiatric hospital settings in ontario: Evidence based on the interrai mental health (MH)
Authors: Sluchevskaya S. , Hirdes J. ,   InterRAI Network of Excellence in Mental Health
Published: May 2011

Although the clinical characteristics of persons in mental health settings are likely to vary in relation to a number of different, age is often considered to be one of the primary factors associated with the strengths, preferences and needs of psychiatric patients. The present study employs data from the mandated use of the interRAI Mental Health (MH) assessment instruments as part of normal clinical practice in Ontario psychiatric hospitals/units. The interRAI MH is a comprehensive assessment tool designed to support care plan development and outcome measurement at the person level, as well as quality monitoring and resource allocation at the organizational level. A sample of 27,530 Ontario psychiatric inpatients aged 18+ was examined with respect to socio-demographic, clinical, patient safety and service utilization characteristics. Younger and middle aged persons were compared with a subsample of 3,219 adults aged 65 years or more, including 112 nonagenarians.Although there were a number of notable differences across age groups, there were substantial variations within the elderly population when considering source of admission. Elderly patients admitted from the general community were often relatively comparable to their younger counterparts; however, those admitted from nursing homes were a distinctive subgroup from both younger and older patients admitted from the community. This suggests that age alone is rather limited in its utility for describing mental health populations and more comprehensive clinically based measures should be employed to fully understand the needs and experiences of older adults in psychiatric settings.
Anger and depression in the old people with hypertension
Authors: Tel H. 
Published: May 2011

IntroductionHypertension is closely related with the anger control of the individual. While anger causes hypertension, the incapability to express anger in an appropriate way leads to depression. Depression is a mental problem occurring frequently in the old age period.ObjectiveThe present study was carried out in order to determine the anger and depression conditions in the old people diagnosed with hypertension.Method418 old people diagnosed with hypertension and living in home with their families were included in the study. The data of the research were gathered with the individual information form, trait anger, anger types scale and depression scale for old people.FindingsIn the study, it has been understood that there are positive correletion between anger and depression in older people, and between hypertension during and depression (p < 0.05). It was found out that the anger mean score is high in old people who were male, using cigarette and alcohol; likewise, the depression score is high in older people who were women, widow, interdependent to someone in order to carry out daily life activities, illiterate and having poor economic conditions.ResultsIn old people with hypertension, depression increases as anger increases. As the hypertension diagnosis during of older people rises, depression rises, too. For this reason, it is needed to plan approaches for old people to recognize their anger, to ensure expressing their anger in an appropriate way and to prevent depression.
Screening for depression and anxiety in patients admitted for coronary artery bypass graft: comparison of nurses’ reports vs. hospital anxiety and depression scale
Authors: Nejatisafa A.A. , Shahmansouri N. , Sadeghian S. , Abbasi H. 
Published: May 2011

AimsTo evaluate the validity of nurses’ reports as a screening tool for anxiety and depression in hospitalized patients admitted for Coronary Artery Bypass Graft.MethodsWithin 72 hours of admission, the patients were assessed using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). Simultaneously, the nurses who provided care for the patients were asked whether they believed the patients had significant levels of depression or anxiety. They were also asked to rate the degree of depression and anxiety of their patients in a 5 point Likert scale. Assessments were completed for 150 patients.ResultsAccording to HADS score, 67 (44.66%) patients had probable depressive disorders (HADS-D score > 7) and 57(38%) had probable anxiety disorders (HADS-A score>7). Nurses recognized 31(20.66%) patients had depressive disorder and 24(16%) had anxiety disorders. The correlation coefficient between nursing diagnosis and diagnosis according to HADS was small (phi = 0.24, P < 0.01). No significant correlation was observed between HADS scores and the nurses’ assessment of severity of depression and anxiety. Comparing with HADS, the sensitivity, specificity and positive predictive value for nursing reports was 0.25, 0.55 and 0.41 for depression and 0.66, 0.57 and 0.72 for anxiety respectively.ConclusionThis study indicates nurses’ reports may have not enough validity and sensitivity to be used as the only way for screening anxiety and depression in patients admitted for cardiac surgery. A consultation-liaison psychiatry service that include an active case finding strategy by using standard instrument and educational program for nurses may be helpful.
Psychosis in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Yelmo Cruz S. , Barrau Alonso V. , Salinas Muñoz M. 
Published: May 2011

IntroductionSystemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) can affect central nervous system (CNS), leading to neurological and/or psychiatric disorders. The use of corticosteroids for the management of SLE may induce psychiatric disorders.ObjectivesDifferential diagnosis of the origin of psychosis in patients with SLE (CNS lupus vs. induced by corticosteroid therapy).Methods and resultsA 22 year old female patient presented asthenia, oral bleeding, epistaxis, metrorrhagia, bicytopenia, hypoalbuminemia, low complement, with anti-DNA > 300, ANA, IgG Anticardiolipin, Anti-Sm, anti-RNP, anti-Ro, Anti-La and Anti-Histone positive.A diagnosis of SLE was made. She presented also diffuse grade IV nephritis. There were administered 3 iv 6-methylprednisolone pulse therapies (750 mg/day) with a cycle of cyclophosphamide. Subsequently she continued with oral prednisone 60 mg/day. Four days after the end of the pulses, the patient developed anxiety, suspicion, injury delusions, auditory hallucinations and behavioral disinhibition. A MRI was normal. Risperidone was started up to 6 mg/day and oral prednisone was tapered. After a progressive improvement she was discharged.ResultsCorticosteroids induce psychiatric disorders in 3–10% of patients. Low levels of complement, hypoalbuminemia and a positive ratio (≥ 9) of albumin in CSF x103/serum albumin are indicators of blood brain barrier damage and psychosis induced by corticosteroids. The presence of ac Antiribosoma P, ac antineuronals, MRI or EEG abnormals suggest the diagnosis of CNS lupus (lupus psychosis)ConclusionsDifferential diagnosis between lupus psychosis vs. psychosis induced by corticosteroids is complicated. In case of doubt, some authors advocate increasing the dose of steroids and awaiting a clinical response. Others advocate rapid tapering and stopping steroids.
Risperidone and weight change in children with learning disability. A retrospective study
Authors: Narayan M. , Ahmed U. , Bachu C.R. , Read S. 
Published: May 2011

AimRisperidone has been recommended for the management of disruptive behaviour disorders in children with learning disabilities. This study explored the effects of Risperidone on absolute body weight in children with learning disabilities who received Risperidone for disruptive behaviour disorders.MethodologyData was collected for children (n = 70) with learning disabilities who were prescribed Risperidone for disruptive behaviour disorders in out patient clinic. Weight, height and BMI were recorded at the first appointment and at the follow up for up to one year. Data was analysed to find any changes in weight and BMI during the course of treatment with Risperidone.ResultsMean weight gain for the sample was 6.1 kg (sd = 2.7), 1.7 kg more than expected in one year which was statistically significant (t = 6.2, df = 69, p < 0.001). Mean BMI change was 1.51 kg; significantly larger than the mean expected BMI change of 0.62 of this sample (t = 4.98, df = 1.6, P = 0.001). Change in BMI was more for girls, 2.17 (sd = 1.00) compared with boys 1.36 (sd = 1.18), but this was not significant (t = 1.90, df = 49, p = 0.06). There is no significant relationship between Risperidone dose and weight gain (Pearson's r = 0.21, p = 0.42) and BMI (Pearson's r = 0.03, p = 1.00).ConclusionRisperidone should be used with caution in children where weight gain could have long lasting impact. Prescribing clinicians should obtain baseline measures of weight, height, BMI and monitor them at regular intervals. Emphasis should be placed on life style interventions such as diet, physical activities etc. Further comparable studies with larger sample sizes using more homogenous diagnostic samples are needed.
Characteristics of brain comuterized tomography diagnoses and comorbid conditions of alcohol dependant males treated on psychiatry department Tuzla during 2005–2009
Authors: Hasanović M. , Pajević I. , Zukić S. , Hamidović J. , Kuldija A. , Delić A. , Kravić N. 
Published: May 2011

IntroductionConsequences of alcohol dependence may be complex, and difficult for treatment, thus complex diagnostic procedures are needed.AimTo assess the prevalence of silent brain strokes and cortical cerebral atrophy amongst male inpatient alcoholics.MethodologyWe analyzed 86 file records of males treated from 01 January 2005 to 31 December 2009 year on Tuzla Psychiatry Department, who had dismissed diagnosis Alcohol dependency (F 10.2) according ICD-10, with computerized tomography (CT) of brain, related to age, war engagement, brain trauma, employment, smoking, psychological findings and presence of silent stroke and cortical brain atrophy according CT diagnosis.ResultsThe mean age of observed patients was 50.1 ± 6.6 years. Amongst them (70.9%) were active soldiers in Bosnia-Herzegovina Army during 1992–1995 war. There were 71 (72.6%) with atrophy of brain cortex, 27 (31.4%) had ischemic silent stroke. In the sample, 61 (70.9%) of inpatients met criteria for PTSD according ICD-10, 53 (61.6%) had cognitive disturbances, 29 (33.7%) had psychotic symptoms, 50 (58.1%) of them had clinically manifested depression, 47 (54.7%) had difficulties in social contacts, 23 (26.7%) had somatic disorders. Age of inpatients was in positive correlation with duration of work, presence of silent ischemic stroke and brain cortex atrophy. Presence of PTSD was in positive correlation with involvement in the combatants, with cognitive disturbances, with depressiveness and somatic complains. Atrophy of brain cortex positively correlated with silent stroke and glucose blood level.ConclusionBrain cortical atrophy and silent brain stroke were frequent CT findings amongst male alcohol dependants clinically treated in Psychiatry department.
Functional brain connectivity and deactivation in new onset schizophrenia: A pilot study
Authors: Norton A. , Reis S. , Bastos-Leite A.J. , Silveira C. , Andrade A. 
Published: May 2011

Background/introductionThere has been previous evidence of aberrant functional connectivity in the so-called “default-mode” network (DMN) in patients with schizophrenia.ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to test whether such aberrant connectivity, if existent, can be modulated by a task involving the challenge of attention, working memory and executive functioning.MethodsA functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) experiment alternating between periods of “rest” and periods of visual stimulation with successive series of pictures extracted from the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-III was carried out in seven patients with new onset schizophrenia according to the DSM-IV criteria and in six healthy control subjects matched for sex, age, and education. The DMN was extracted by using independent component analysis (ICA). The degree of deactivation during periods of stimulation was tested by means of a correlation analysis. To determine the existence of differences in deactivation between patients and controls, we used a non-parametric statistical test.ResultsAn overall increased activation of the DMN in patients with schizophrenia relative to control subjects seems to occur. There was also an almost significant difference in the degree of deactivation between the two groups (controls>patients, p = 0.05).ConclusionsAberrant connectivity of the DMN is indeed a consistent feature in schizophrenia. An altered deactivation of the DMN during a highly demanding task in patients with schizophrenia confirms previous results suggesting an abnormal behaviour of networks in the transition from “rest” to goal-directed activity.