bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Library Approach to the Development of BenzaPhos: Highly Efficient Chiral Supramolecular Ligands for Asymmetric Hydrogenation
Authors: Pignataro Luca , Bovio Chiara , Civera Monica , Piarulli Umberto , Gennari Cesare 
Published: June 2012

AbstractA library of chiral supramolecular ligands, named BenzaPhos, of straightforward preparation (two steps from commercially or readily available starting materials) and modular structure, was designed and synthesized. The ligands were screened in the search for new rhodium catalysts for the enantioselective hydrogenation of several benchmark and industrially relevant substrates. Once a series of hits were identified, structural modifications were introduced on three of the best ligands and a small second‐generation library was created. Members of the latter library showed outstanding levels of activity and enantioselectivity in the hydrogenation of challenging olefins, such as enamide S4 and β‐dehydroamino ester S5 (>99 % ee: best value ever reported in both cases). A series of control experiments were undertaken to clarify the role of hydrogen bonding in determining the catalytic properties of the new ligands. The results of these experiments, together with those of computational studies carried out on four dihydride complexes involved in the catalytic hydrogenation of substrate S4, strongly suggest that a substrate orientation takes place in the catalytic cycle by formation of a hydrogen bond between the ligand amide oxygen atom and the substrate amide NH atom.
The development of implicit learning from infancy to adulthood: Item frequencies, relations, and cognitive flexibility
Authors: Amso Dima , Davidow Juliet 
Published: June 2012

AbstractThe majority of cognitive processes show measurable change over the lifespan. However, some argue that implicit learning from environmental structure is development invariant [e.g., Muelemans et al. [1998] Experimental Child Psychology, 69, 199–221; Reber [1993] Implicit learning and tacit knowledge: An essay on the cognitive unconscious. Oxford University Press], while others have shown that adults learn faster than children [Thomas et al. [2004] Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 16, 1339–1351]. In two experiments, we tested infants through adults using the same saccade latency measure and behavioral learning paradigm. We examined implicit learning when subjects are presented with interleaved regularities acting on one item, as well as the ability to adjust behavior when learned information is violated. In one comparison, the first‐ (item frequencies) and second‐ (spatiotemporal item relations) order statistics are in conflict, allowing us to examine flexibility in learning from multiple parameters. Data from Experiment 1 (N = 90, 6‐ to 30‐year olds) showed no developmental differences in either implicit learning from environmental regularity or flexibility of learning from conflicting parameters across our age range. Accuracy data showed that children are especially sensitive to low frequency relative to high frequency items. In Experiment 2, we showed that 7‐ to 11‐month‐old infants had a saccade latency profile that was consistent with task structure, that is, they simultaneously learned both item frequencies and spatiotemporal relations, as indicated by data patterns similar to those obtained in Experiment 1. Taken together, these data provide support for developmental invariance in implicit learning from environmental regularities. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals,Inc. Dev Psychobiol 54: 664–673, 2012.
New method for controlling large fan of thermal power plant boiler using inverter in abnormal state
Authors: Matsui Nobumasa , Kurokawa Fujio 
Published: June 2012

AbstractThis paper presents a new air flow controller for a thermal power plant. When an inverter power source is used for a forced draft fan (FDF) in order to save power, the conventional countermeasures do not cover all abnormal states. The proposed controller is evaluated by performing a simulation. The power source is shown to change from the inverter to a commercial power source within 0.5 second in the abnormal state. The changing time is determined to be 0.55 second based on the mechanical tolerance of the design. Testing was performed in an actual plant using the proposed control method, and the transient response was compared with the simulated and measured data. The errors were less than 3.4%. The FDF changed over smoothly and the plant conditions remained the same as the normal state in the actual plant testing. This paper deals with the safe operation of a thermal power plant that employs the proposed air flow controller. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 180(4): 47–56, 2012; Published online in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com). DOI 10.1002/eej.21202
Quantitative assessment of social losses based on physical damage and interaction with infrastructural systems
Authors: Cavalieri Francesco , Franchin Paolo , Gehl Pierre , Khazai Bijan 
Published: June 2012

SUMMARYMetrics that describe direct social losses, such as number of casualties and fatalities, or the number of displaced people, which pose a demand for emergency shelter needs, or on the health‐care system and other critical facilities, are key inputs for emergency response planning and preparedness. This paper presents a model to evaluate such performance indicators. The model integrates multiple infrastructural systems within a consistent computational framework where the consequences of their physical damage and interactions are used in the quantitative assessment of social losses. In particular, the interaction between the physical damage state of buildings and the combined residual service level in the utility networks is used to assess the habitability of buildings from which the number of displaced persons can be computed. The model is integrated within a larger analysis framework for the seismic vulnerability assessment of interconnected infrastructural systems, accounting for relevant uncertainties and interdependencies. A simple application illustrates the model capabilities. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Synthesis and structural characterization of diorganotin dithiocarbamates from 4‐(ethylaminomethyl)pyridine
Authors: Barba Victor , Arenaza Bonifacio , Guerrero Jorge , Reyes Reyna 
Published: June 2012

AbstractThree 4‐(ethylaminodithiocarbamate) methylpyridine diorganotin derivatives were prepared using a one‐pot synthetic procedure from 4‐(ethylaminomethyl)pyridine, carbon disulfide, KOH as a base, and the corresponding diorganotin dichloride (R = Me, nBu, Ph). All three compounds were successfully characterized in solution (1H, 13C, and 119Sn NMR) as well as in the solid state (IR, mass spectrometry, and X‐ray diffraction). In all three cases, an anisobidentate coordination mode was observed for the dithiocarbamate moiety to the tin atom, evidenced mainly by the different SnS bond distances obtained from the X‐ray diffraction analysis. The organic groups attached to the tin atom have no influence on the reaction course, leading in each case to the formation of mononuclear complexes with the metal center in a hexacoordinated environment. Interestingly, in the solid state the methyl‐tin derivative showed Pyċn and SċSn intermolecular interactions, which were not observed in the two other complexes. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heteroatom Chem 23:422–428, 2012; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/hc.21032
A COMPARISON OF ALTERNATIVE VARIANTS OF THE LEAD AND LAG TIME TTO
Authors: Devlin Nancy , Buckingham Ken , Shah Koonal , Tsuchiya Aki , Tilling Carl , Wilkinson Grahame , van Hout Ben 
Published: June 2012

ABSTRACT‘Lead Time’ TTO improves upon conventional TTO by providing a uniform method for eliciting positive and negative values. This research investigates (i) the values generated from different combinations of time in poor health and in full health; and the order in which these appear (lead vs. lag); (ii) whether values concur with participants' views about states; (iii) methods for handling extreme preferences. n = 208 participants valued five EQ‐5D states, using two of four variants. Combinations of lead time and health state duration were: 10 years and 20 years; 5 years and 1 year; 5 years and 10 years; and a health state duration of 5 years with a lag time of 10 years. Longer lead times capture more preferences, but may involve a framing effect. Lag time results in less non‐trading for mild states, and less time being traded for severe states. Negative values broadly agree with participants' stated opinion that the state is worse than dead. The values are sensitive to the ratio of lead time to duration of poor health, and the order in which these appear (lead vs. lag). It is feasible to handle extreme preferences though challenges remain. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Transnasal endoscopic surgery for selected orbital cavernous hemangiomas: Our preliminary experience
Authors: Muscatello Luca , Seccia Veronica , Caniglia Michele , Sellari–Franceschini Stefano , Lenzi Riccardo 
Published: June 2012

AbstractBackgroundEndoscopic transnasal approaches to the orbit have been recently described and they have been proposed as an option in the surgical management of medial and inferior orbital lesions.MethodsRetrospective evaluation of 3 patients operated on in our department during 2011 to remove a cavernous hemangioma of the inferior‐medial orbit. Two patients were operated on via an endoscopic transnasal approach and 1 patient was operated on via an external anterior approach.ResultsA complete surgical resection was obtained in all patients. A transient postoperative diplopia was recorded in the patient operated on via the external approach. No other significant complications were recorded.ConclusionExtraconal lesions adjacent to the paranasal sinuses can be safely removed through an endoscopic transnasal route. Intraconal lesions located inferiorly and medially to the optic nerve are amenable of transnasal endoscopic resection in selected cases. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2013
Impact of intraoral stent on the side effects of radiotherapy for oral cancer
Authors: Verrone Juliana Rocha , Alves Fábio de Abreu , Prado José Divaldo , Boccaletti Karina Waiswol , Sereno Milena Priscila , Silva Maria Letícia Gobo , Jaguar Graziella Chagas 
Published: June 2012

AbstractBackgroundThe intraoral stent is a mouth‐opening device which may be used during head and neck cancer radiotherapy with the intention of preventing unnecessary irradiation in normal adjacent tissue. The use of this device during intensity‐modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) has not been reported in the literature.MethodsA 30‐year‐old woman with squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue was submitted to a CT for IMRT treatment planning with and without the use of the intraoral stent.ResultsDosimetric analysis showed that the irradiation dose to the maxilla, both parotid glands, and left submandibular gland decreased with the use of this device.ConclusionThis article shows that intraoral stents seem to be useful in decreasing the radiation dose to healthy structures, especially in bone structures and salivary glands during radiotherapy, and emphasizes the importance of a multidisciplinary team during oncological therapy. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2013
Low risk of second primary malignancies among never smokers with human papillomavirus–associated index oropharyngeal cancers
Authors: Peck Brandon W. , Dahlstrom Kristina R. , Gan Samuel J. , Caywood Wes , Li Guojun , Wei Qingyi , Zafereo Mark E. , Sturgis Erich M. 
Published: June 2012

AbstractBackgroundAmong patients with index oropharyngeal cancer, second primary malignancies (SPMs) may be less common in cases of human papillomavirus (HPV)‐associated tumors than HPV‐negative tumors. Further modification of these SPM risks by smoking has not been reported.MethodsSPM outcomes of 356 patients with incident oropharyngeal cancer were analyzed using Cox proportional hazards and Kaplan–Meier models. SPM risk and SPM‐free survival were compared in HPV‐seronegative patients, HPV‐seropositive never smokers, and HPV‐seropositive ever smokers.ResultsHPV‐seropositive patients had a lower 5‐year SPM rate than HPV‐seronegative patients (5.6% vs 14.6%; p = .051). Compared to HPV‐seronegative patients, HPV‐seropositive never smokers had a 73% reduced SPM risk, and HPV‐seropositive ever smokers had a 27% reduced SPM risk (trend p = .028). Although HPV‐seronegative patients had SPMs in traditional locations, 70% of SPMs among HPV‐seropositive patients were outside typical tobacco‐related sites.ConclusionHPV serologic status and smoking may stratify patients with index oropharyngeal cancers in terms of risk and location of SPMs. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2012
New modified free chimeric fibular flap design for head and neck reconstruction
Authors: Roan Tyng–Luen , Horng Shyue–Yih , Hsieh Jung–Hsien , Tai Hao–Chih , Chien Hsiung–Fei , Tang Yueh–Bih 
Published: June 2012

AbstractBackgroundThe free fibular osteocutaneous flap is a commonly used flap for mandible and buccal mucosa reconstruction in head and neck cancer surgery. However, the skin paddle restriction from the intermuscular septum often limits the soft tissue reconstruction.MethodsWe have proposed a new modified chimeric fibular osteocutaneous flap design based on the combination of a traditional fibular flap and a peroneal artery perforator fasciocutaneous flap to overcome the restriction from intermuscular septum.ResultsWe successfully applied this modified chimeric free fibular osteocutaneous flap design to 2 patients after buccal cancer wide excision surgery.ConclusionThe modified free chimeric fibular flap can be easily applied to a segmental defect over the mandible and adjacent soft tissue without restrictions between the bone and the skin paddle. Furthermore, this skin paddle design can also serve as an extra skin paddle to reconstruct an outer cheek skin defect. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2013
Using existing data sources/programs and multilevel modeling techniques for questions in institutional research
Authors: King Joe P. , Hernandez José M. , Lott Joe L. 
Published: June 2012

AbstractMultilevel modeling is becoming a very popular method of estimating models where participants are nested within groups. It allows researchers to estimate models where independence is an assumption—an assumption that may not be tenable. This chapter examines the data sources available and the software used to estimate multilevel models.
Nano‐/microfiber scaffold for tissue engineering: Physical and biological properties
Authors: Santana Bianca Palma , dos Reis Paganotto Gian Francesco , Nedel Fernanda , Piva Evandro , de Carvalho Rodrigo Varella , Nör Jacques Eduardo , Demarco Flávio Fernando , Villarreal Carreño Neftali Lenin 
Published: June 2012

AbstractAlginate hydrogel (AH) has intrinsic physical and biological limitations that hinder its broader application in tissue engineering. We hypothesized that the inclusion of nanofibers in the hydrogel and the use of a biotemplate that mimics nature would enhance the translational potential of alginate hydrogels. In this study, we have shown a method to obtain nano‐/microfibers of titanium (nfTD) and hydroxyapatite (nfHY) using cotton as a biotemplate. These fibers were incorporated in the alginate hydrogel and the mechanical characteristics and biological response to these reinforced materials were evaluated. We observed that these nanofibers resembled the structure of natural collagen and did not mediate cell toxicity. The incorporation of nfTD or nfHY to the AH has not increased the viscosity of the hydrogel. Therefore, this is a feasible method to produce a scaffold with improved physical characteristics, while at the same time generating an enhanced environment for cell adhesion and proliferation. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 100A:3051–3058, 2012.
Valomaciclovir versus valacyclovir for the treatment of acute herpes zoster in immunocompetent adults: A randomized, double‐blind, active‐controlled trial
Authors: Tyring Stephen K. , Plunkett Stephanie , Scribner Anita R. , Broker Robert E. , Herrod John N. , Handke Lane T. , Wise John M. , Martin Paul A. ,   for the Valomaciclovir Zoster Study Group
Published: June 2012

AbstractHerpes zoster is a common infectious disease that can result in significant acute and chronic morbidity. The safety and efficacy of once‐daily oral valomaciclovir (EPB‐348) was evaluated for non‐inferiority to 3‐times daily valacyclovir, an approved therapy. In this study, 373 immunocompetent adults with onset of a herpes zoster rash within the preceding 72 hr were randomly assigned to receive one of four treatments for 7 days: (1) EPB‐348 1,000 mg once‐daily; (2) EPB‐348 2,000 mg once‐daily; (3) EPB‐348 3,000 mg once‐daily; or (4) valacyclovir 1,000 mg 3‐times daily. A 20% margin was the reference for non‐inferiority assessment. For the primary efficacy measure of time to complete crusting of the zoster rash by Day 28, non‐inferiority criteria were met for once‐daily EPB‐348 2,000 mg and once‐daily EPB‐348 3,000 mg compared to 3‐times daily valacyclovir. Additionally, EPB‐348 3,000 mg significantly shortened the time to complete rash crusting by Day 28 compared to valacyclovir. For secondary efficacy measures, non‐inferiority was achieved for the EPB‐348 1,000 and 2,000 mg groups compared to the valacyclovir group for time to rash resolution by Day 28. No EPB‐348 group was non‐inferior to valacyclovir for time to cessation of new lesion formation or time to cessation of pain by Day 120, though no significant differences occurred between treatment groups. Nausea, headache, and vomiting were the most common adverse events. Based on these results, additional studies are warranted to define further EPB‐348's potential as an effective and safe therapy for acute herpes zoster. J. Med. Virol. 84: 1224–1232, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
REBA HPV‐ID® for efficient genotyping of human papillomavirus in clinical samples from Korean patients
Authors: Kim Sunghyun , Lee Dongsup , Park Sangjung , Kim Tae Ue , Jeon Bo‐Young , Park Kwang Hwa , Lee Hyeyoung 
Published: June 2012

AbstractThis study was conducted to evaluate the overall performance of a reverse blot hybridization‐based assay, REBA HPV‐ID® (Molecules and Diagnostics, Wonju, Korea) for genotyping human papillomaviruses (HPV). HPV Genotyping on 356 specimens examined cytologically was performed using the REBA HPV‐ID®, and its results were compared with those obtained using the MyHPV DNA Chip® (Mygene, Seoul, Korea), DNA chip‐based HPV genotyping assay. The results from this study showed that the positivity rate of the REBA HPV‐ID® for abnormal cytological samples was higher (80.9%) than that of the MyHPV DNA chip (69.8%). In addition, the REBA HPV‐ID® positivity rate with normal cytological samples was higher (64.4%) than that obtained using DNA chips (34.4%). Subsequently, sequence analysis was performed with specimens that generated conflicting test results. Sequence analysis confirmed that the specimens which were positive by REBA HPV‐ID® did indeed contain HPV sequences. The results of this study suggest that the REBA HPV‐ID® is a sensitive test for genotyping HPV of clinical specimens. J. Med. Virol. 84: 1248–1253, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Systematic evaluation of bladder cancer risk‐associated single‐nucleotide polymorphisms in a chinese population
Authors: Ma Zhicheng , Hu Qingfeng , Chen Zhuo , Tao Sha , Macnamara Lindsay , Kim Seong‐Tae , Tian Lu , Xu Ke , Ding Qiang , Zheng Siqun L. , Sun Jielin , Xia Guowei , Xu Jianfeng 
Published: June 2012

AbstractRecently, genome‐wide association studies (GWAS) have identified over 12 single‐nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with bladder cancer risk in populations of European descent. However, effects of these SNPs in bladder cancer have not been systemically evaluated in the Chinese population. We conducted association studies of 12 SNPs in a Chinese population of 184 cases and 962 controls. These SNPs were previously identified in European GWAS and a fine mapping study. The reported risk alleles of rs798766 on TACC3 at 4p16 and rs9624880 on MYC at 8q24 were significantly associated with increased bladder cancer risk with P‐values of 0.003 and 0.03, respectively. Next, we performed a meta‐analysis, by combining our study with previous association studies performed in Chinese. In the meta‐analysis, the reported risk allele for four SNPs were significantly associated with increased bladder cancer risk, including rs798766 on TACC3 at 4p16, rs9624880 on MYC at 8q24, rs2294008 on PSCA at 8q24, and rs2736100 on TERT at 5p15. The meta‐analysis P‐values for the four SNPs ranged from 0.017 to 5.52E−05. The results from our study suggest that a sub‐set of bladder cancer risk‐associated SNPs identified from the European population are also associated with bladder cancer risk in the Chinese population. Additional studies with larger sample sizes are needed to further confirm our results. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Detection of rare and possibly carcinogenic human papillomavirus genotypes as single infections in invasive cervical cancer
Authors: Geraets Daan , Alemany Laia , Guimera Nuria , de Sanjose Silvia , de Koning Maurits , Molijn Anco , Jenkins David , Bosch Xavier , Quint Wim ,   on behalf of the RIS HPV TT Study Group
Published: June 2012

AbstractThe contribution of carcinogenic human papillomavirus (HPV) types to the burden of cervical cancer has been well established. However, the role and contribution of phylogenetically related HPV genotypes and rare variants remains uncertain. In a recent global study of 8977 HPV‐positive invasive cervical carcinomas (ICCs), the genotype remained unidentified in 3.7% by the HPV SPF10 PCR–DEIA–LiPA25 (version 1) algorithm. The 331 ICC specimens with unknown genotype were analysed by a novel sequence methodology, using multiple selected short regions in L1. This demonstrated HPV genotypes that have infrequently or never been detected in ICC, ie HPV26, 30, 61, 67, 68, 69, 73 and 82, and rare variants of HPV16, 18, 26, 30, 34, 39, 56, 67, 68, 69, 82 and 91. These are not identified individually by LiPA25 and only to some extent by other HPV genotyping assays. Most identified genotypes have a close phylogenetic relationship with established carcinogenic HPVs and have been classified as possibly carcinogenic by IARC. Except for HPV85, all genotypes in α‐species 5, 6, 7, 9 and 11 were encountered as single infections in ICCs. These species of established and possibly carcinogenic HPV types form an evolutionary clade. We have shown that the possibly carcinogenic types were detected only in squamous cell carcinomas, which were often keratinizing and diagnosed at a relatively higher mean age (55.3 years) than those associated with established carcinogenic types (50.9 years). The individual frequency of the possibly carcinogenic types in ICCs is low, but together they are associated with 2.25% of the 8338 included ICCs with a single HPV type. This fraction is greater than seven of the established carcinogenic types individually. This study provides evidence that possibly carcinogenic HPV types occur as single infections in invasive cervical cancer, strengthening the circumstantial evidence of a carcinogenic role. Copyright © 2012 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.