bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hyperglycemia Impairs Proteasome Function by Methylglyoxal
Authors: Queisser Markus A. , Yao Dachun , Geisler Sven , Hammes Hans-Peter , Lochnit Günter , Schleicher Erwin D. , Brownlee Michael , Preissner Klaus T. 
Published: December 2009

OBJECTIVE
The ubiquitin-proteasome system is the main degradation machinery for intracellularly altered proteins. Hyperglycemia has been shown to increase intracellular levels of the reactive dicarbonyl methylglyoxal (MGO) in cells damaged by diabetes, resulting in modification of proteins and alterations of their function. In this study, the influence of MGO-derived advanced glycation end product (AGE) formation on the activity of the proteasome was investigated in vitro and in vivo.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
MGO-derived AGE modification of proteasome subunits was analyzed by mass spectrometry, immunoprecipitation, and Western blots. Proteasome activity was analyzed using proteasome-specific fluorogenic substrates. Experimental models included bovine retinal endothelial cells, diabetic Ins2Akita mice, glyoxalase 1 (GLO1) knockdown mice, and streptozotocin (STZ)-injected diabetic mice.

RESULTS
In vitro incubation with MGO caused adduct formation on several 20S proteasomal subunit proteins. In cultured endothelial cells, the expression level of the catalytic 20S proteasome subunit was not altered but proteasomal chymotrypsin-like activity was significantly reduced. In contrast, levels of regulatory 19S proteasomal proteins were decreased. In diabetic Ins2Akita, STZ diabetic, and nondiabetic and diabetic G101 knockdown mice, chymotrypsin-like activity was also reduced and MGO modification of the 20S-β2 subunit was increased.

CONCLUSIONS
Hyperglycemia-induced formation of MGO covalently modifies the 20S proteasome, decreasing its activity in the diabetic kidney and reducing the polyubiquitin receptor 19S-S5a. The results indicate a new link between hyperglycemia and impairment of cell functions.
Oxygen Tension Regulates Pancreatic β-Cell Differentiation Through Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1α
Authors: Heinis Mylène , Simon Marie-Thérèse , Ilc Karine , Mazure Nathalie M. , Pouysségur Jacques , Scharfmann Raphael , Duvillié Bertrand 
Published: December 2009

OBJECTIVE
Recent evidence indicates that low oxygen tension (pO2) or hypoxia controls the differentiation of several cell types during development. Variations of pO2 are mediated through the hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF), a crucial mediator of the adaptative response of cells to hypoxia. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of pO2 in β-cell differentiation.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
We analyzed the capacity of β-cell differentiation in the rat embryonic pancreas using two in vitro assays. Pancreata were cultured either in collagen or on a filter at the air/liquid interface with various pO2. An inhibitor of the prolyl hydroxylases, dimethyloxaloylglycine (DMOG), was used to stabilize HIF1α protein in normoxia.

RESULTS
When cultured in collagen, embryonic pancreatic cells were hypoxic and expressed HIF1α and rare β-cells differentiated. In pancreata cultured on filter (normoxia), HIF1α expression decreased and numerous β-cells developed. During pancreas development, HIF1α levels were elevated at early stages and decreased with time. To determine the effect of pO2 on β-cell differentiation, pancreata were cultured in collagen at increasing concentrations of O2. Such conditions repressed HIF1α expression, fostered development of Ngn3-positive endocrine progenitors, and induced β-cell differentiation by O2 in a dose-dependent manner. By contrast, forced expression of HIF1α in normoxia using DMOG repressed Ngn3 expression and blocked β-cell development. Finally, hypoxia requires hairy and enhancer of split (HES)1 expression to repress β-cell differentiation.

CONCLUSIONS
These data demonstrate that β-cell differentiation is controlled by pO2 through HIF1α. Modifying pO2 should now be tested in protocols aiming to differentiate β-cells from embryonic stem cells.
Moving to an A1C-Based Diagnosis of Diabetes Has a Different Impact on Prevalence in Different Ethnic Groups
Authors: Christensen Dirk L. , Witte Daniel R. , Kaduka Lydia , Jørgensen Marit E. , Borch-Johnsen Knut , Mohan Viswanathan , Shaw Jonathan E. , Tabák Adam G. , Vistisen Dorte 
Published: December 2009

OBJECTIVE
To compare screen-detected diabetes prevalence and the degree of diagnostic agreement by ethnicity with the current oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT)-based and newly proposed A1C-based diagnostic criteria.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
Six studies (1999–2009) from Denmark, the U.K., Australia, Greenland, Kenya, and India were tested for the probability of an A1C ≥6.5% among diabetic case subjects based on an OGTT. The difference in probability between centers was analyzed by logistic regression adjusting for relevant confounders.

RESULTS
Diabetes prevalence was lower with the A1C-based diagnostic criteria in four of six studies. The probability of an A1C ≥6.5% among OGTT-diagnosed case subjects ranged widely (17.0–78.0%) by study center. Differences in diagnostic agreement between ethnic subgroups in the U.K. study were of the same magnitude as between-country comparisons.

CONCLUSIONS
A shift to an A1C-based diagnosis for diabetes will have substantially different consequences for diabetes prevalence across ethnic groups and populations.
On set-valued cone absolutely summing maps
Authors: Labuschagne Coenraad , Marraffa Valeria 
Published: December 2009

Abstract
Spaces of cone absolutely summing maps are generalizations of Bochner spaces L
p(μ, Y), where (Ω, Σ, μ) is some measure space, 1 ≤ p ≤ ∞ and Y is a Banach space. The Hiai-Umegaki space $$
\mathcal{L}^1 \left[ {\sum ,cbf(X)} \right]
$$
of integrably bounded functions F: Ω → cbf(X), where the latter denotes the set of all convex bounded closed subsets of a separable Banach space X, is a set-valued analogue of L
1(μ, X). The aim of this work is to introduce set-valued cone absolutely summing maps as a generalization of $$
\mathcal{L}^1 \left[ {\sum ,cbf(X)} \right]
$$
, and to derive necessary and sufficient conditions for a set-valued map to be such a set-valued cone absolutely summing map. We also describe these set-valued cone absolutely summing maps as those that map order-Pettis integrable functions to integrably bounded set-valued functions.
Total vs. partial aponeurectomy for Dupuytren’s contracture — A literature review
Authors: Högemann Astrid , Kendoff Daniel , Wolfhard Ulrich , O’Loughlin Patrick , Olivier Lucien 
Published: December 2009

Abstract
The etiology of Dupuytren’s disease is controversial and thus the disease can only be treated when it presents with symptoms to warrant intervention. Surgical treatment is the method of choice to preserve hand dexterity and function. It is advisable to perform surgery at an early stage of disease progression, but various surgical techniques have been advocated. A partial fasciectomy is recommend by many authors, whereas a total aponeurectomy, where all palmar tissue is removed, might reduce the risk of recurrent disease due to the widespread removal of aponeurosis. The total aponeurectomy is performed less frequently due to the potential complications of this technique. In order to achieve an objective comparison of both surgical options we performed a literature meta-analysis, involving a comparison of surgical indications, results and complications following partial and total aponeurectomy, which are described in detail within this review article.
<i>Gliricidia</i> leaves decomposition: The effect of particle size on microbial respiration
Authors: Walpola BC , Kumara KKIU Aruna , Senanayake AP , Wanniarachchi SD 
Published: December 2009

Legume leaves used as green manure are a potential alternative to commercial fertilizers for non-legume crop production. Therefore, many researches have been conducted to understand the pattern of legume leaf decomposition and its release of nutrients. A study on Gliricidia leaves decomposition was conducted under laboratory conditions to elucidate the effect of grinding size of Gliricidia leaves (S1 = ≤ 0.5 mm, S2 = 4 mm, and S3 = 9 mm) on microbial respiration and N mineralization after incorporation in to the soil. The early stages of the incubation were found to be significantly influenced by the particle size of the Gliricidia leaves. Particle size S2 (4 mm) was reported to exhibit the highest C and NH4+-N mineralization. However, in the case of NO3+-N mineralization, no treatment was found to be significant. It could thus be hypothesized that physical protection of finely ground (< 0.5 mm) Gliricidia leaves was responsible for the relatively low rates of decomposition. Key Words: Decomposition, mineralization, Gliricidia leaves. DOI:	10.3329/bjar.v34i3.3957 Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 34(3) : 343-350, September 2009
Role of serum cardiac Troponin-I for risk stratification in first attack in acute myocardial infarction
Authors: Joarder Md Sahabuddin , Jafarullah Md , Moinuddin Ahmed 
Published: December 2009

Introduction: Cardiac troponin-I (cTnI) is known to have the highest specificity and analytic sensitivity for detection of myocardial injury; it is used both as diagnostic and prognostic marker. This study was aimed to confirm this idea. Subjects & methods: This prospective observational study included 60 patients of 40 to 65 years age range diagnosed as acute myocardial infarction. The mean ages were 50±8 years and 53±8 years in Q -wave AMI and non Q-wave AMI respectively. Male and female patients included were 86.7% and 13.3%; BMI was 25.3±1.5. Results: Study showed troponin-I 7.53±0.086 ng/ml in Q wave and in non Q-wave AMI was 6.38±0.64 ng/ml after 24 hours of attack of AMI without any significant difference between two groups (P>0.05). The mean troponin-I within 9 hours of attack, were 1.60±0.80 ng/ml and 2.7±1.4 ng/ml in stable and unstable group respectively and the difference found statistically significant (P<0.05). The mean troponin-I between 9-24 hours of attack were 2.90±1.20 ng/ml and 4.90±3.20 ng/ml in stable and unstable group respectively and the difference found statistically significant (P<0.01). The mean troponin-I in unstable group after 24 hours was 9.20±4.30 ng/ml which was more than between 9-24 hours and the difference was significant (P>0.001). In clinicopathological outcome evaluation 37 patients had troponin-I level >1.5 ng/ml in which 29 patients developed unstability and 8 patients were stable. Conclusion: Serum cTnI is better and more characteristic biomarker for risk prediction and prognosis evaluation in AMI patients. Key words: Cardiac Troponin-I, acute myocardial infarction, risk stratification. DOI: 10.3329/bjms.v8i3.3984 Bangladesh Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.8(3) 2009 p57-63
Activity of Isatine-Sulfadimidine Derivatives against 2009 Pandemic H1N1 Influenza Virus in Cell Culture
Authors: Selvam Periyasamy , Chandramohan Markandavel , Hurst Brett L , Smee Donald F 
Published: December 2009

Background: The development of antiviral drugs has provided crucial new means to mitigate or relieve the debilitating effects of many viral pathogens. New classes of inhibitors are essential to combat swine influenza viral infection. Methods: A series of isatine-sulfadimidine derivatives were screened for antiviral activity against swine influenza A/California/07/2009 (H1N1) virus in Madin–Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cell culture. Cytotoxicity of the synthesized compounds was also tested in uninfected MDCK cells. Results: All the compounds inhibit the influenza A (H1N1) in MDCK cells. The most active compounds, SPIII-5Br and SPIII-5H, inhibited virus-induced cytopathology by 50% at 27 and 30 μM, respectively, with 50% cytotoxicity occurring at a much higher dose (975–1,000 μM). The positive control compound ribavirin inhibits the replication of the virus at 18 μM and cytotoxic concentration was found to be >1,000 μM. Conclusions: SPIII-5Br and SPIII-5H exhibited potency in the same range as ribavirin and are suitable candidate molecules for further investigation.
White Electroluminescence by Supramolecular Control of Energy Transfer in Blends of Organic‐Soluble Encapsulated Polyfluorenes
Authors: Brovelli Sergio , Meinardi Francesco , Winroth Gustaf , Fenwick Oliver , Sforazzini Giuseppe , Frampton Michael J. , Zalewski Leszek , Levitt James A. , Marinello Francesco , Schiavuta Piero , Suhling Klaus , Anderson Harry L. , Cacialli Franco 
Published: December 2009

AbstractHere, it is demonstrated that energy transfer in a blend of semiconducting polymers can be strongly reduced by non‐covalent encapsulation of one constituent, ensured by threading of the conjugated strands into functionalized cyclodextrins. Such macrocycles control the minimum intermolecular distance of chromophores with similar alignment, at the nanoscale, and therefore the relevant energy transfer rates, thus enabling fabrication of white‐light‐emitting diodes (CIE coordinates: x = 0.282, y = 0.336). In particular, white electroluminescence in a binary blend of a blue‐emitting, organic‐soluble rotaxane based on a polyfluorene derivative and the green‐emitting poly(9,9‐dioctylfluorene‐alt‐benzothiadiazole (F8BT) is achieved. Morphological and structural analyses by atomic force microscopy, fluorescence mapping, µ‐Raman, and fluorescence lifetime microscopy are used to complement optical and electroluminescence characterization, and to enable a deeper insight into the properties of the novel blend.
Follow‐up of neck and shoulder pain among sewing machine operators: The Los Angeles garment study
Authors: Wang Pin‐Chieh , Harrison Robert J. , Yu Fei , Rempel David M. , Ritz Beate R. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of the present study is to explore factors affecting or modifying self‐reported neck/shoulder pain in sewing machine operators.MethodsWe investigated self‐report neck/shoulder pain in 247 workers who participated in a 4‐month prospective intervention study for musculoskeletal disorders. All participants were immigrants. We examine the influence of individual and work‐related factors on changes in neck/shoulder pain during follow‐up employing linear mixed models with time‐spline functions.ResultsWe observed a dramatic decline (72%) in self‐reported pain intensity in the first month of follow‐up, followed by a small increase from the first to fourth month (4% per month). Workers who perceived and reported their physical workload as high or worked overtime experienced less overall pain reduction. Higher baseline pain intensity, being of Hispanic ethnicity (vs. Asian), and taking cumulative daily rest time during work of 35 min or more allowing for muscles to rest were associated with a larger pain reduction in the first month, but not thereafter.ConclusionOur findings indicate that some work‐related factors may be of clinical relevance for reducing neck/shoulder pain. Having lower physical workloads and less overtime work should be considered when treating patients or planning workplace interventions for managing work‐related musculoskeletal disorders in this underserved immigrant population. Am. J. Ind. Med. 53:352–360, 2010. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Modeling of Particle Layer Detachment under Consideration of Transient Kinetic Effects
Authors: Zhang Q. , Schmidt E. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractParticle layers tend to build up on walls in many filtration and separation processes, calling for periodic removal in order to keep the device running. Important factors are the adhesion of the layer on the substrate and the cohesion of the particles in the layer. Models describing such layer detachment generally assume constant and homogeneous conditions for the forces acting on the layer. But in reality detachment is extremely nonstationary concerning place and time, primarily due to changing conditions for the forces on the one hand and changes in the particle layer morphology on the other. This paper describes a model and a simulation considering such transient kinetic effects on filter cake detachment. Diverse computing results are presented and discussed.
Integrierte Produktion und Separation von Biotensiden im Mehrphasenreaktor
Authors: Heyd M. , Franzreb M. , Berensmeier S. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractGegenstand der Arbeit ist die kostengünstige Produktion von Rhamnolipiden (Biotensid) durch magnetische Ganzellimmobilisate von Pseudomonas aeruginosa DSM 2874 und deren Separation mittels Schaumfraktionierung in einem integrierten Reaktorsystem. Als Kohlenstoffquelle/Substrat wird Glycerin verwendet, das als nachwachsender Rohstoff beispielsweise in größeren Mengen während der Biodieselherstellung anfällt.
Structural Water Drives Self‐assembly of Organic Rosette Nanotubes and Holds Host Atoms in the Channel
Authors: Yamazaki Takeshi , Fenniri Hicham , Kovalenko Andriy 
Published: December 2009

AbstractWe reveal how water solvent determines the self‐assembly pathway and stability of organic rosette nanotubes (RNTs) and show their possible functions, using three‐dimensional molecular theory of solvation (a.k.a. 3D‐RISM). Structural water molecules penetrate the pockets on the RNT outer surface, form a wetting monolayer in the RNT channel and bridge RNT rosettes. We predict that the inner water shell might stabilize rare gas atoms inside the RNT channel, and envision molecular devices with RNT channels transporting water or holding guest molecules for targeted delivery.
Late‐postnatal cannabinoid exposure persistently increases FoxP2 expression within zebra finch striatum
Authors: Soderstrom Ken , Luo Bin 
Published: December 2009

AbstractPrior work has shown that cannabinoid exposure of zebra finches during sensorimotor stages of vocal development alters song patterns produced in adulthood. We are currently working to identify physiological substrates for this altered song learning. FoxP2 is a transcription factor associated with altered vocal development in both zebra finches and humans. This protein shows a distinct pattern of expression within Area X of striatum that coincides with peak expression of CB1cannabinoid receptors during sensorimotor learning. Coincident expression in a brain region essential for song learning led us to test for a potential signaling interaction. We have found that cannabinoid agonists acutely increase expression of FoxP2 throughout striatum. When administered during sensorimotor song learning, cannabinoids increase basal levels of striatal FoxP2 expression in adulthood. Thus, song‐altering cannabinoid treatments are associated with persistent increases in basal expression of FoxP2 in zebra finch striatum. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Develop Neurobiol 2010
SARCOSYL‐PAGE: a new method for the detection of MIRCERA‐ and EPO‐doping in blood
Authors: Reichel Christian , Abzieher Friedrich , Geisendorfer Thomas 
Published: December 2009

AbstractThe detection of doping with MIRCERA (the brand name for Continuous Erythropoietin Receptor Activator, or CERA) is hampered by the limited excretion of the rather large molecule (approximately 60 kDa) in urine. Blood (serum, plasma) in combination with sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS‐PAGE) appears to be the ideal matrix for detecting all forms of doping with erythropoiesis‐stimulating agents (ESAs) because the apparent molecular masses of ESAs are different from the mass of human serum erythropoietin (shEPO). While SDS‐PAGE has proven the most sensitive method for the detection of doping with Dynepo, the sensitivity of SDS‐PAGE for MIRCERA is drastically decreased. By exchanging the SDS for SARCOSYL (SAR) in the sample and running buffers the sensitivity problem was solved. SARCOSYL, a methyl glycine‐based anionic surfactant, is only binding to the protein‐part of MIRCERA but not to its polyethylene glycol (PEG)‐chain, while SDS binds to both parts. In consequence, the monoclonal anti‐EPO antibody (clone AE7A5) no longer interacts with the fully SDS‐solubilized MIRCERA molecules. Only those molecules that contain SDS bound to the protein‐chain are detected. Due to the inability of SARCOSYL to solubilize PEG‐molecules, MIRCERA can be detected on SARCOSYL‐PAGE with the same sensitivity as non‐PEGylated epoetins. In a typical SAR‐PAGE experiment, 200 µL of serum are used, which allows the direct detection of MIRCERA, recombinant epoetins (such as NeoRecormon, Dynepo, NESP), and shEPO in a single experiment and with high (i.e. femtogram) sensitivity. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Real‐time observation of Wnt β‐catenin signaling in the chick embryo
Authors: Rios Anne C. , Denans Nicolas , Marcelle Christophe 
Published: December 2009

AbstractA critical mediator of cell–cell signaling events during embryogenesis is the highly conserved Wnt family of secreted proteins. Reporter constructs containing multimerized TCF DNA binding sites have been used to detect Wnt β‐catenin dependent activity during animal development. In this report, we have constructed and compared several TCF green fluorescent protein (GFP) reporter constructs. They contained 3, 8, or 12 TCF binding sites upstream of a minimal promoter driving native or destabilized enhanced GFP (EGFP). We have used the electroporation of somites in the chick embryo as a paradigm to test them in vivo. We have verified that they all respond to Wnt signaling in vivo. We have then assessed their efficiency at reflecting the activity of the Wnt pathway. Using destabilized EGFP reporter constructs, we show that somite cells dynamically regulate Wnt/β‐catenin–dependent signaling, a finding that was confirmed by performing time‐lapse video confocal observation of electroporated embryos. Developmental Dynamics 239:346–353, 2010. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The trimeric G protein Go inflicts a double impact on axin in the Wnt/frizzled signaling pathway
Authors: Egger‐Adam Diane , Katanaev Vladimir L. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractCOVER PHOTOGRAPH: Signaling by the Wingless morphogen (a member of the Wnt family of secreted glycoproteins) is required for the proper development of appendages in Drosophila. Overexpression of Axin, a negative regulator of Wnt signaling, leads to severe defects in Drosophila wing growth and patterning (the affected wing is shown in a green pseudocolor, compared to a wild‐type wing in pink). The inhibitory activity of Axin can be suppressed by co‐expression of the GTP‐binding protein Gαo, leading to a partial rescue in wing development (yellow). Gαo physically binds the RGS domain of Axin and recruits Axin it to the plasma membrane, antagonizing the Axin‐based destruction complex. From Egger‐Adam and Katanaev, Developmental Dynamics 239:168–183, 2010. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
αPS1βPS integrin receptors regulate the differential distribution of Sog fragments in polarized epithelia
Authors: Negreiros Érika , Fontenele Marcio , Câmara Amanda R. , Araujo Helena 
Published: December 2009

AbstractBone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) have important functions during epithelial development. In Drosophila, extracellular Short gastrulation (Sog) limits the action of the BMP family member Decapentaplegic (Dpp). We have shown that Integrin receptors regulate Sog activity and distribution during pupal wing development to direct placement of wing veins. Here, we show that Integrins perform a similar function in the follicular epithelium, impacting Dpp function during oogenesis and embryonic development. As reported for the wing, this effect is specific to mew, which codes for αPS1 integrin. Sog is subject to cleavage by metalloproteases, generating fragments with different properties. We also show that Integrins regulate the distribution of C‐ and N‐terminal Sog fragments in both epithelia, suggesting they may regulate the quality of BMP outputs. Our data indicate that αPS1βPS integrin receptors regulate the amount and type of Sog fragments available for diffusion in the extracellular space during oogenesis and pupal wing development. genesis 48:31–43, 2010. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.