bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
GIS‐Based Platform for Near Real‐Time Prediction of Mosquito Distribution
Authors: Kuchavaram Madhukar , Huang Yuxia 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTMosquitoes are a major public health threat as carriers of numerous pathogens, making it essential to understand their distribution to prevent and control the spread of vector‐borne diseases effectively. This paper presents a platform that incorporates dynamic datasets from online sources with static data from reliable open repositories to predict and visualize mosquito distribution, particularly in low‐resource settings where traditional trapping methods may be unavailable. The dynamic datasets contain near real‐time weather data from the Open Weather API, while the static datasets mainly cover other key factors such as elevation, vegetation, and built settlements. The platform employs a PostgreSQL database to manage these datasets and leverages the MaxEnt model within ArcGIS Pro for near real‐time predictions of mosquito prevalence. Further, an automated Python‐scripted workflow is proposed to seamlessly transfer data between the PostgreSQL database and MaxEnt. The outcomes are shared through an ArcGIS Online dashboard, providing stakeholders with an interactive tool to monitor mosquito occurrences. This innovative platform offers a dynamic and effective solution for public health officials to control the spread of vector‐borne diseases.
The heat shock factor HSFB1 coordinates plant growth and drought tolerance in Arabidopsis
Authors: Zheng Lanjie , Zhang Qianlong , Wang Chen , Wang Zhongbao , Gao Jie , Zhang Runcong , Shi Yong , Zheng Xu 
Published: February 2025

SUMMARYPlants are constantly challenged by a diversity of abiotic stressors, and growth arrest is a common plant response aimed at enhancing stress tolerance. Because of this growth/stress tolerance antagonism, plants must finely modulate their growth and responses to environmental stimuli. Here, we demonstrate that HSFB1, a heat shock transcription factor, plays a critical role in the coordination of plant growth and drought stress responses in Arabidopsis thaliana. First, we found that HSFB1 negatively regulates plant growth and development under normal conditions and that HSFB1 expression is enhanced under drought stress. Conversely, the loss‐of‐function mutant hsfb1 exhibited increased plant growth and reduced drought stress tolerance compared with the wild‐type. Consistently, overexpression of HSFB1 suppressed plant growth and enhanced drought stress tolerance. Subsequently, via chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing, RNA sequencing, and transient expression assays, we screened and identified the heat shock protein 101 (HSP101) gene as a direct transcriptional target of HSFB1. Genetic analysis suggested that HSP101 functions downstream of HSFB1 to positively regulate drought tolerance in plants. Furthermore, we found that HSFB1 physically interacts with the eukaryotic translation initiation factor eIF3G1, and this interaction appears to be further enhanced under drought stress. Notably, the mutation of eif3g1 increased the severity of drought‐induced growth inhibition in the hsfb1 mutant, and eIF3G1 enhanced the transcriptional activation of HSFB1 on the HSP101 promoter under drought stress. Altogether, our findings highlight HSFB1 as a key regulator coordinating plant growth and drought stress responses in Arabidopsis.
Aberrant Right Subclavian Arteries in Dogs Have a Prevalence of 1.2% and Are More Likely to be an Incidental Finding on Computed Tomographic Studies of the Thorax
Authors: Jones Coleen , Klever Julius , Cordella Alessia , Fouriez‐Lablée Virginie , Watton Thom C. , Llabres‐Diaz Francisco 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTAberrant right subclavian arteries (ARSAs) are a form of vascular ring anomaly (VRA) in dogs and the most common VRA in people. To date, there has been no large‐scale study on ARSA in dogs and their potential clinical significance. For part one, a single‐center retrospective observational study was performed to determine the prevalence of ARSAs in a population of 1000 dogs undergoing contrast‐enhanced CT for various reasons. For part two, further canine ARSA cases were collected to characterize their imaging features further and determine whether any imaging findings were more frequent in dogs with clinical signs attributed to a VRA. The prevalence of ARSA was 1.2% (12/1000). For part two, out of a total of 37 dogs with ARSA, this finding was thought to be incidental in 28 cases (75.6%), clinically relevant in 1 case (2.7%), and potentially relevant in 8 cases (21.6%). Cranial esophageal dilation with gas and fluid and esophageal compression at the site of the ARSA crossing the esophagus was found in the case where the ARSA was considered relevant. Esophageal dilation with esophageal compression by the ARSA was also more frequent in the potentially relevant group. Our study shows that an ARSA is more likely to be an incidental finding; however, due to the low number of cases where the ARSA was considered relevant, no specific imaging findings were found that could help determine their clinical relevance.
Locally constant fibrations and positivity of curvature
Authors: Müller Niklas 
Published: February 2025

AbstractUp to finite étale cover, any smooth complex projective variety with nef anti‐canonical bundle is a holomorphic fibre bundle over a smooth projective variety with trivial canonical class (K‐trivial variety for short) with locally constant transition functions. We show that this result is optimal by proving that any projective fibre bundle with locally constant transition functions over a ‐trivial variety has a nef anti‐canonical bundle. Moreover, we complement some results on the structure theory of varieties whose tangent bundle admits a singular Hermitian metric of positive curvature.
On the regulation of arterial blood pressure by an intracranial baroreceptor mechanism
Authors: Wittenberg Philippa , McBryde Fiona D. , Korsak Alla , Rodrigues Karla L. , Paton Julian F. R. , Marina Nephtali , Gourine Alexander V. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractMaintaining sufficient cerebral blood flow is critical for brain function. There is evidence that one of the mechanisms that ensure adequate blood flow to the brain involves the regulation of systemic arterial blood pressure (ABP) by an intracranial baroreceptor mechanism sensitive to changes in brain perfusion. This experimental animal study aimed to provide a detailed characterization of this mechanism. In studies conducted in anaesthetized and conscious rats, cerebral perfusion was experimentally manipulated by applying precise, incremental physiological changes in intracranial pressure (ICP). The data show that (i) the intracranial baroreceptor triggers robust, non‐habituating, proportional sympathetic and cardiovascular responses to acute and repeated ICP increases within the physiological range; (ii) there is a linear relationship between systemic ABP and ICP, as well as between sympathetic nerve activity and ICP; (iii) decreases in brain partial pressure of oxygen induced by physiological changes in ICP are negligible, making the brain tissue hypoxia an unlikely cause of the evoked sympathetic and cardiovascular responses; (iv) ABP responses induced by decreased cerebral perfusion are restrained by inputs from arterial baroreceptors, but are unaffected by renal afferent activity; (v) intracranial baroreceptor mechanism contributes to sympathoexcitatory responses induced by acute arterial hypotension; and (vi) activation of the intracranial baroreceptor mechanism resets the arterial baroreflex centrally, allowing regulation of systemic blood pressure at a higher level required to counteract reduced brain perfusion. These data support the hypothesis that cerebral perfusion is a major determinant of sympathetic activity and systemic arterial blood pressure, regulated by the intracranial baroreceptor mechanism.
imageKey points
An intracranial baroreceptor mechanism contributes to the regulation of systemic arterial blood pressure to maintain cerebral blood flow.
The intracranial baroreceptor mechanism triggers robust, non‐habituating, proportional sympathetic and cardiovascular responses to physiological changes in brain perfusion.
Arterial blood pressure increases induced by activation of the intracranial baroreceptor mechanism in response to reduced cerebral perfusion are restrained by inputs from arterial baroreceptors.
The intracranial baroreceptor mechanism resets the arterial baroreflex centrally to regulate systemic blood pressure at a higher level required to counteract reduced brain perfusion.
Transcallosal connections of face and hand representation areas in the primary motor cortex: a transcranial magnetic stimulation and transcranial magnetic stimulation–electroencephalography study
Authors: Ginatempo Francesca , Casula Elias P. , Soggia Giulia , Loi Nicola , Zeroual Mohammed , Deriu Franca 
Published: February 2025

AbstractConflictual anatomical and neurophysiological findings obtained in both primates and humans raised the question whether the transcallosal pathway connecting the two representation areas of the face in the primary motor cortex (fM1) is absent or present but weak and poorly active. To answer this question in the present study transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and electroencephalography (EEG) were combined as the TMS–EEG approach to investigate the transcallosal pathway connecting fM1s from both a spatial and a functional point of view. For comparison the same approach was used in hand M1 (hM1). Eighteen healthy subjects underwent two experimental sessions where both hemispheres were investigated: (1) a TMS session, to evaluate interhemispheric inhibition (IHI) for the depressor anguli oris (DAO) and the first dorsal interosseus (FDI) M1 representations, and (2) a TMS–EEG session, to calculate the interhemispheric signal propagation (ISP) for the DAO area in fM1 and the FDI area in hM1. Results found the presence of IHI for hM1 and its absence for fM1. On the contrary ISP analysis demonstrated a significant suppression of activity in the non‐stimulated hemisphere compared to the stimulated one, with no difference between the stimulated hemisphere and the representation area. Finally a significant correlation was detected between IHI and ISP only when stimulating the left hM1. Overall the present study suggests the presence of a transcallosal connection between the two fM1s in humans, as demonstrated by the ISP analysis. This interhemispheric connection is however functionally poorly active, as demonstrated by the lack of IHI.
imageKey points
Although the transcallosal connection between hand primary motor cortices (M1) is functionally powerful, to allow hand asymmetrical movements, its role in face motor control is controversial. Indeed to produce face expressions, face muscles are rarely involved symmetrically, and their face M1 control is bilateral and lacks interhemispheric inhibition (IHI).
We investigated the transcallosal connection between face M1s, and for comparison in hand M1 (hM1), both spatially and functionally using transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) to study IHI, and electroencephalography (EEG) combined with TMS, to study interhemispheric signal propagation.
Functional IHI data confirmed its absence in face M1 and its presence in hM1.
In contrast TMS–EEG spatial analysis demonstrated a significant inhibition of activity in the non‐stimulated hemisphere, regardless of the cortical area.
Face M1s are connected by a transcallosal pathway, which is poorly active in physiological conditions. In addition no clear hemispheric dominance exists in face cortical control.
Effects of periconceptional ethanol on mitochondrial content and oxidative stress in maternal liver and placentas from male and female fetuses in rats
Authors: Steane Sarah S. , Das Tulika , Kalisch‐Smith Jacinta I. , Mahaliyanage Dinithi T. , Akison Lisa K. , Moritz Karen M. , Cuffe James S. M. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractAlcohol exposure during pregnancy disrupts fetal development and programs lifelong disease. We have shown, in rats, that alcohol exposure during the periconceptional period (PC:EtOH), causes placental dysfunction and cardiometabolic disease in offspring. The process of metabolising alcohol can cause oxidative stress and damage mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). It is unknown whether alcohol metabolism in a rat model of PC:EtOH impacts oxidative stress markers and mitochondrial content in maternal and placental tissues. We aimed to determine whether PC:EtOH induced oxidative stress and reduced mtDNA in maternal liver and the placental labyrinth and junctional zone. Sprague–Dawley rats were given an ethanol liquid (12.5% v/v) or control (0%) diet for one oestrous cycle before mating to embryonic day (E) 4. Maternal livers were collected at E5 and E20. Placentas were collected at E20 and separated into the junctional zone and labyrinth zone. PC:EtOH reduced Cyp2e1 mRNA levels and mtDNA in the E5 liver with lower mtDNA persisting to E20, at which time mitochondrial proteins were also decreased. PC:EtOH also reduced mitochondrial content in the E20 junctional zone, although mitochondrial protein levels were unaffected. Superoxide dismutase activity was increased in the placental junctional zone and there was no evidence of oxidative stress. The present study demonstrates that alcohol exposure around conception, reduces mitochondrial content within the maternal liver and the junctional zone of the placenta towards the end of pregnancy. These prolonged deficits may have disrupted metabolic processes required for a healthy pregnancy. The study further supports avoiding alcohol when planning a pregnancy.
imageKey points
Even when alcohol is consumed only around conception (PC:EtOH), it can have profound impacts on the developing baby.
Here, we use our established rat model to investigate if PC:EtOH causes oxidative stress and reduces mitochondrial content in the maternal liver immediately after exposure on embryonic day (E) 5. We also investigate these parameters at the end of pregnancy (E20) in maternal liver and the placenta.
PC:EtOH reduced mitochondrial DNA content in the maternal liver by 77% at E5 and by 40% at E20. At E20, expression of proteins that form the electron transport chain were also reduced. The placenta had a more subtle reduction in mitochondrial DNA content, but protein levels of mitochondrial complexes were unchanged.
There was no evidence of oxidative stress in the maternal liver or placenta in response to PC:EtOH. The lack of oxidative stress in the placenta may be a result of compensatory increases in antioxidants.
Computational Fluid Dynamics Analysis of Solidification in Baffled Molten Salt-Air-Cooled Heat Exchangers
Authors: Raj Arun K. , Desai Nishith B. , Haglind Fredrik 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Due to their high freezing point, molten salt heat exchangers face the problem of salt freezing during cyclic operation. As a result, it is critical to detect the onset of salt solidification and anticipate the phase change behavior in high-temperature heat exchange processes, since these parameters influence heat exchanger design and operation. This study presents a three-dimensional transient computational fluid dynamics analysis of a pilot-scale exchanger with molten salt on the tube side and air on the shell side. The investigation focuses on the effects of the baffle arrangement and initial molten salt temperature on the air outlet temperature, pressure drop, and the onset of salt solidification. The pressure–velocity field coupling and turbulence parameters were solved by employing a segregated solver algorithm and a realizable k−ε turbulence model. Verification of the numerical model involved prior findings from a shell-and-tube heat exchanger using pure water as the shell-side fluid. The novel contribution of this work is to predict the time required for the molten salt to begin solidification within the tube bundle when air is used as the working fluid on the shell side of a single-segmented baffled shell-and-tube heat exchanger. The study concludes that, in the absence of a flow diverter, different baffle arrangements have minimal effect on the air outlet temperature or the start of salt solidification. A flow diverter, on the other hand, successfully slows solidification by distributing the flow, even when recirculation zones cause one-third of the heat exchanger length to remain ineffective. These findings provide a standard for future dynamic operation heat transfer assessments of molten salt-air-cooled heat exchangers.
Effects of azithromycin on alleviating airway inflammation in asthmatic mice by regulating airway microbiota and metabolites
Authors: Huang DanHui , Xie Lingyan , Luo Tingyue , Lin Lishan , Ren QianNan , Zeng Zhaojin , Huang Haohua , Liao Hua , Chang XiaoDan , Chen Yuehua , Zhao Haijin , Cai Shaoxi , Dong Hangming 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT

Asthma is a chronic respiratory disease with increasing global prevalence, often linked to disrupted airway microbiota. Azithromycin has shown promise in asthma treatment, but whether its effect is owing to its antimicrobial capacity remains largely unknown. A house dust mite (HDM)-induced asthmatic mouse model was used to evaluate the effects of azithromycin on airway inflammation and microbiota. Mice were divided into control, HDM-induced asthma, HDM + azithromycin, and azithromycin-alone groups. Airway microbiota was analyzed using 16S rRNA sequencing, and metabolomic profiles were assessed via liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. Azithromycin alleviated type 2 airway inflammation in HDM-induced asthma, restoring microbiota diversity by modulating specific genera, including
Streptococcus
,
Staphylococcus
,
Ruminococcus
,
Coprococcus
,
Bifidobacterium,
etc. Combination analysis with metabolomics revealed that azithromycin significantly regulated airway microbiota-associated sphingomyelin metabolism. Azithromycin’s therapeutic effects in asthma are associated with its ability to regulate airway microbiota and its associated sphingomyelin metabolism, highlighting the potential for microbiota-targeted therapies in asthma.

IMPORTANCE
Asthma, a prevalent chronic respiratory condition, poses a significant global health challenge due to its increasing prevalence and associated morbidity. The role of airway microbiota in asthma pathogenesis is gaining attention, with evidence suggesting that disruptions in this microbial community contribute to disease severity. Our study investigates the impact of azithromycin, a macrolide antibiotic, on airway inflammation and microbiota in a mouse model of asthma. The findings reveal that azithromycin not only alleviates airway inflammation but also restores microbiota diversity and modulates microbiota-associated sphingomyelin metabolism. This research underscores the potential of microbiota-targeted therapies in asthma management, offering a novel therapeutic strategy that could improve patient outcomes and reduce the healthcare burden associated with asthma.
Protocol of the Nurses’ Mental Health Study (NMHS): a nationwide hospital multicentre prospective cohort study
Authors: Ning Meng , Li Xuting , Chen Zengyu , Yang Jiaxin , Yu Qiang , Huang Chongmei , Chen Yamin , Tian Yusheng , Li Ya-Min , Xiao Shuiyuan 
Published: February 2025

IntroductionDue to high workload, shift work and shortage of human resources, nurses are vulnerable to various mental health problems which are significantly related to their physical health, patient safety and healthcare quality. The long-term monitoring of nurses’ mental health and identifying its risk factors are necessary. Accounting for more than one-fifth of global nurses, Chinese nurses have a demanding healthcare workload, especially in tertiary hospitals, yet there is no national cohort concerning their mental health and associated factors. This study (Nurses’ Mental Health Study, NMHS) aims to investigate the mental health of Chinese nurses in tertiary hospitals and to identify the risk and protective factors.Methods and analysisNMHS is a multicentre prospective cohort study which plans to recruit at least 30 000 registered nurses from 62 tertiary hospitals using the cluster sampling method. Baseline data collection will be implemented through online questionnaires after obtaining informed consent from each participant. Variables including sociodemographic information, work-related factors, health status, lifestyle habits, objective experiences, family and social relations, current affairs opinions and overall evaluation will be collected. Annual follow-up will be conducted via a questionnaire link to monitor subsequent changes in nurses’ mental health and related factors.Patient and public involvement statementNo patient and public involvement in the study design.Ethics and disseminationThis study was approved by the Institute Review Board from the ethical committee of The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University (E20230048) and NMHS will be performed in line with Helsinki Declarations. The results of NMHS will inform nursing research and practice by providing evidence to nurse managers, healthcare organisations and the government about the target mental health outcomes for early prevention and intervention.Trial registration numberThis study has been registered at the Chinese Clinical Trail Registry (ID: ChiCTR2300072142,https://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.html?proj=192676).
Perturbations in $$\textbf{O}(D,D)$$ string cosmology from double field theory
Authors: Angus Stephen , Mukohyama Shinji 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The low-energy limit of string theory contains additional gravitational degrees of freedom, a skew-symmetric tensor B-field and a scalar dilaton, that are not present in general relativity. Together with the metric, these three fields are naturally embedded in the

$$\textbf{O}(D,D)$$

O
(
D
,
D
)

-symmetric framework of double field theory. The

$$\textbf{O}(D,D)$$

O
(
D
,
D
)

symmetry uniquely prescribes the interactions between the extended gravitational sector and other matter, leading to novel features beyond conventional string cosmology. In this work we present the equations of motion for linear perturbations around

$$\textbf{O}(D,D)$$

O
(
D
,
D
)

string cosmological backgrounds in

$$D=4$$

D
=
4

under a scalar-vector-tensor decomposition. We obtain analytic solutions in the superhorizon limit for scalar perturbations around various homogeneous and isotropic background solutions, including some candidate models for bouncing cosmologies. The generalized energy–momentum tensor includes source terms for the B-field and dilaton, and we show how the resulting generalized conservation laws modify the conditions for conservation of curvature perturbations.
PACMMOD V3, N1 (SIGMOD), February 2025: Editorial
Authors: Abouzied Azza , Hellerstein Joseph M. , Agrawal Divyakant 
Published: February 2025

The Proceedings of the ACM on Management of Data (PACMMOD) is concerned with the principles, algorithms, techniques, systems, and applications of database management systems, data management technology, and science and engineering of data. It includes articles reporting cutting-edge data management, data engineering, and data science research.
We are pleased to present the 1st issue of Volume 3 of PACMMOD. This issue contains papers that were submitted to the SIGMOD research track in July 2024.
Papers accepted in this issue are part of the pool of presentation candidates in the research track of the ACM SIGMOD Conference on Management of Data 2025, to be held in Berlin, Germany.