bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PPA‐SiO2 Catalyzed Multi‐component Synthesis of N‐[α‐(β‐Hydroxy‐α‐naphthyl)(benzyl)] O‐Alkyl Carbamate Derivatives
Authors: SHATERIAN Hamid Reza , HOSSEINIAN Asghar , GHASHANG Majid 
Published: May 2009

AbstractSilica‐supported polyphosphoric acid (PPA‐SiO2) was found to be an efficient catalyst for the multi‐component condensation reaction of benzaldehydes, 2‐naphthol, and methyl/benzyl carbamate to afford the corresponding N‐[α‐(β‐hydroxy‐α‐naphthyl)(benzyl)] O‐alkyl carbamate derivatives in good to excellent yields. This new approach consistently has the advantage of short reaction time, high conversions, clean reaction profiles, and simple experimental and work‐up procedures.
Synthesis and Properties of Heteroacenes Containing Pyrrole and Thiazine Rings as Promising n‐Type Organic Semiconductor Candidates
Authors: HONG Wei , WEI Zhongming , XU Wei , WANG Quanrui , ZHU Daoben 
Published: May 2009

AbstractPBBTZ (6H‐pyrrolo[3,2‐b:4,5‐b′]bis[1,4]benzothiazine) was a p‐type semiconductor with high field‐effect transistor (FET) performance that we have just reported. Two trifluoromethyl substituted PBBTZ derivatives 3a and 3b were synthesized from facile one‐pot condensation. They were characterized by means of 1H NMR, IR, HRMS (EI‐TOF) and elemental analysis, furthermore, the crystal structure of 3b was described and discussed. Their optical properties were studied by UV‐Vis and fluorescence spectroscopy, electrochemical properties were investigated by cyclic voltammetry (CV), and thermal properties were evaluated by thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA). The energy gaps of 3a and 3b, taken directly from spectroscopic measurements, are as broad as 2.45 and 2.48 eV, leading to bluish green and green photoluminescence. The LUMO and HOMO energy levels are −5.73 and −3.28 eV for 3a, −5.67 and −3.19 eV for 3b, respectively. The low energy levels render them well air‐stable, and to be promising n‐type semiconductor candidates for use in organic electronics.
Becoming stable and strong: The interplay between vinculin exchange dynamics and adhesion strength during adhesion site maturation
Authors: Möhl Christoph , Kirchgeßner Norbert , Schäfer Claudia , Küpper Kevin , Born Simone , Diez Gerold , Goldmann Wolfgang H. , Merkel Rudolf , Hoffmann Bernd 
Published: May 2009

AbstractThe coordinated formation and release of focal adhesions is necessary for cell attachment and migration. According to current models, these processes are caused by temporal variations in protein composition. Protein incorporation into focal adhesions is believed to be controlled by phosphorylation. Here, we tested the exchange dynamics of GFP‐vinculin as marker protein of focal adhesions using the method of Fluorescence Recovery After Photobleaching. The relevance of the phosphorylation state of the protein, the age of focal adhesions and the acting force were investigated. For stable focal adhesions of stationary keratinocytes, we determined an exchangeable vinculin fraction of 52% and a recovery halftime of 57 s. Nascent focal adhesions of moving cells contained a fraction of exchanging vinculin of 70% with a recovery halftime of 36 s. Upon maturation, mean saturation values and recovery halftimes decreased to levels of 49% and 42 s, respectively. Additionally, the fraction of stably incorporated vinculin increased with cell forces and decreased with vinculin phosphorylation within these sites. Experiments on a nonphosphorylatable vinculin mutant construct at phosphorylation site tyr1065 confirmed the direct interplay between phosphorylation and exchange dynamics of adhesion proteins during adhesion site maturation. Cell Motil. Cytoskeleton, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Combined Strategies for the Discovery of Ionotropic Glutamate Receptor Antagonists
Authors: Chimirri Alba , De Luca Laura , Ferro Stefania , De Sarro Giovanbattista , Ciranna Lucia , Gitto Rosaria 
Published: May 2009

AbstractNew glutamate receptor ligands: This review describes the discovery of rationally designed AMPA and NMDA receptor antagonists, some of which have been proven to be highly potent anticonvulsant and neuroprotective agents.magnified imageThis review summarizes the results of our research group engaged in the development of new glutamate receptor ligands. Chemical and biological studies of several active molecules have been carried out. In particular, extensive work has addressed the identification of antagonists of AMPA and NMDA receptor subtypes using a combination of computational strategies. Innovative synthetic pathways have been used and small libraries of new molecules prepared. In vitro and in vivo tests were performed, and some compounds proved to be highly potent anticonvulsant and neuroprotective agents.
Special issue on neural repair
Authors: Kordower Jeffrey H. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractCover Illustration: Computer inverted image of tyrosine hydroxylase immunoreactive perikarya and fibers from a human fetal transplant case. The cells are vibrant, healthy, and cross from the graft to the host to provide new dopaminergic innervation to the host striatum. This example of plasticity in the human brain is striking and serves to highlight the types of studies undertaken by the membership of the ASNTR. Photo supplied by Jeffrey H. Kordower. J. Comp. Neurol., Volume 515, Number 1. J. Comp. Neurol. 515, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Molecular Dynamics Simulations for a Pentacene Monolayer on Amorphous Silica
Authors: Della Valle Raffaele Guido , Venuti Elisabetta , Brillante Aldo , Girlando Alberto 
Published: May 2009

AbstractMolecular dynamics simulations are presented for “bulklike” and “filmlike” monolayers of pentacene deposited on a slab of amorphous silica. The two simulated systems, which mainly differ in the tilt angle between the pentacene molecules and the silica surface, exhibit structural and energetic properties that match the available measurements. The bulklike monolayer, the structure of which corresponds to that of the low‐temperature polymorph of crystalline pentacene, is stable. The filmlike monolayer, in which the molecules are most closely normal to the surface, is instead thermodynamically metastable, in agreement with the experimental evidence.
Structure of Isolated Xanthone in the T1 State Obtained via Combined UV/IR Spectroscopy
Authors: Bartl Kristina , Funk Andreas , Gerhards Markus 
Published: May 2009

AbstractIn order to extend combined UV/IR spectroscopy to triplet states, xanthone has been chosen as a model system due to its efficient intersystem crossing (ISC). The IR/R2PI (resonant two‐photon ionisation) spectrum of the electronic ground state (S0) as well as the IR spectrum of the T1 state have been recorded in a supersonic jet. We show that the IR spectrum of a triplet state can be recorded subsequent to an ISC. In combination with DFT and TDDFT calculations, structural assignments are performed and geometrical changes are identified.
From research tool to routine test: CD38 monitoring in HIV patients
Authors: Coetzee Lindi M. , Tay Szun Szun , Lawrie Denise , Janossy George , Glencross Deborah K. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractBackground:CD38 expression on CD8+ T lymphocytes in HIV‐infected patients is monitored by flow cytometry (FCM). There is however no consensus re CD38 protocols, analyses or result reporting within/between laboratories. Internal quality control measures (QC) were established for a standardized CD38 protocol and a system proposed for reporting CD38 fluctuation in longitudinal HIV+ patient monitoring.Methods:A single‐platform (SP) CD38/CD8 protocol was “piggy‐backed” onto the standardized “panleucogating” CD45/CD4+ protocol. A weekly QC was established to monitor instrument stability (FlowSET™) and absolute cell count accuracy and reproducibility (stabilized blood product, Immuno‐Trol™). The Mean Fluorescence Intensity (MFI) of CD38 expression on CD8+‐lymphocytes was monitored on both stabilized blood and HIV‐control samples. Linearized MFI values were determined from biological controls, i.e. healthy donor monocytes and granulocytes, and tested as a method of reporting CD38 expression on selected HIV+ patients on ART.Results:The CD45/CD4/CD8/CD3 method for lymphocyte enumeration compared well with the CD38 protocol (CD45/CD4/CD8/CD38) with excellent similarity (±100%) and precision for absolute CD4 and CD8 counts (CVs < 5%). Fluorosphere MFI‐ (FlowSet™, FlowCount™) and color compensation values were exceptionally stable over time. CD38 MFI values established on monocytes as biological control was 4.0 and <2.0 for HIV‐control lymphocytes.Conclusions:Monitoring FCM with fluorosphere MFI values, color compensation, and biological controls, can ensure that CD38 analyses are technologically stable. Flow cytometry is thus the preferred method to monitor fluctuations in CD38 MFI (CD38 molecules/cell) associated with HIV‐disease progression and/or response to ART and has potential for application across instruments and centers. © 2009 Clinical Cytometry Society
GSK3β affects apical–basal polarity and cell–cell adhesion by regulating aPKC levels
Authors: Colosimo Pamela F. , Liu Xiaoping , Kaplan Nicole A. , Tolwinski Nicholas S. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractThe dynamic rearrangement of cell–cell contacts is required for the establishment of functional epithelial cell sheets. However, the signaling pathways and cellular mechanisms that initiate and maintain this polarity are not well understood. We show that loss of the Wnt signaling component GSK3β results in increased levels of aPKC and leads to defects in apical–basal polarity. We find that GSK3β directly phosphorylates aPKC, which likely promotes its ubiquitin‐mediated proteosomal degradation. aPKC increases the levels of Armadillo and stabilizes adherens junctions. These results suggest that the Wnt pathway component GSK3β regulates the polarity determinant aPKC, which in turn affects cell–cell contacts during the development of polarized tissues. Developmental Dynamics 239:115–125, 2010. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The non‐conserved C‐terminal segments of Sine Oculis Homeobox (SIX) proteins confer functional specificity
Authors: Weasner Brandon P. , Kumar Justin P. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractThe Sine Oculis Homeobox (SIX) proteins play critical roles in organogenesis and are defined by the presence of two evolutionarily conserved functional motifs: a homeobox DNA binding domain and the SIX protein–protein interaction domain. Members of this transcription factor family can be divided into three subgroups: Six1/2, Six4/5, and Six3/6. This partitioning is based mainly on protein sequence similarity and genomic architecture, and not on specificities of DNA binding or binding partners. In fact, it is well demonstrated that members of the different subgroups can bind to and activate common transcriptional targets as well as form biochemical complexes with communal binding partners. Here we report that the C‐terminal segment, which is not conserved across different SIX subfamilies, may serve to functionally distinguish individual SIX proteins. In particular, we have dissected the C‐terminal region of Optix, the Drosophila ortholog of mammalian Six3/6, and identified three regions that distinguish Optix from Sine Oculis, the fly homolog of Six1/2. Two of these regions have been preserved in all Six3/6 family members while the third section is present only within Optix proteins in the Drosophilids. The activities of these regions are required, in unison, for Optix function. We suggest that biochemical/functional differences between members of large protein families as well as proteins encoded by duplicate genes can, in part, be attributed to the activities of nonconserved segments. Finally, we demonstrate that a subset of vertebrate SIX proteins has retained the ability to function during normal fly eye development but have lost the ability to induce the formation of ectopic eyes. genesis 47:514–523, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Characterization of teleost Mdga1 using a gene‐trap approach in medaka (Oryzias latipes)
Authors: Sano Shinya , Takashima Shigeo , Niwa Hitomi , Yokoi Hayato , Shimada Atsuko , Arenz Alexander , Wittbrodt Joachim , Takeda Hiroyuki 
Published: May 2009

AbstractMAM domain containing glycosilphosphatidilinositol anchor 1 (MDGA1) is an IgCAM protein present in many vertebrate species including humans. In mammals, MDGA1 is expressed by a subset of neurons in the developing brain and thought to function in neural cell migration. We identified a fish ortholog of mdga1 by a gene‐trap screen utilizing the Frog Prince transposon in medaka (Japanese killifish, Oryzias latipes). The gene‐trap vector was inserted into an intronic region of mdga1 to form a chimeric protein with green fluorescent protein, allowing us to monitor mdga1 expression in vivo. Expression of medaka mdga1 was seen in various types of embryonic brain neurons, and specifically in neurons migrating toward their target sites, supporting the proposed function of MDGA1. We also isolated the closely related mdga2 gene, whose expression partially overlapped with that of mdga1. Despite the fact that the gene‐trap event eliminated most of the functional domains of the Mdga1 protein, homozygous embryos developed normally without any morphological abnormality, suggesting a functional redundancy of Mdga1 with other related proteins. High sequential homology of MDGA proteins between medaka and other vertebrate species suggests an essential role of the MDGA gene family in brain development among the vertebrate phylum. genesis 47:505–513, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Transgenic analysis of the physiological functions of Mahogunin ring finger‐1 isoforms
Authors: Jiao Jian , Kim Hae Young , Liu Roy R. , Hogan Carolyn A. , Sun Kaihua , Tam Lori Mon , Gunn Teresa M. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractMahogunin Ring Finger‐1 (Mgrn1) null mutant mice have a pleiotropic phenotype that includes the absence of yellow hair pigment, abnormal head shape, reduced viability, and adult‐onset spongiform neurodegeneration. Mgrn1 encodes a highly conserved E3 ubiquitin ligase with four different isoforms which are differentially expressed and predicted to localize to different subcellular compartments. To test whether loss of specific isoforms causes different aspects of the mutant phenotype, we generated transgenes for each isoform and bred them onto the null mutant background. Mice expressing only isoform I or III appeared completely normal. Isoform II rescued or partially rescued the mutant phenotypes, whereas isoform IV had little or no effect. Our data show that different Mgrn1 isoforms are not functionally equivalent in vivo and that the presence of only isoform I or III is sufficient for normal development, pigmentation, and neuronal integrity. genesis 47:524–534, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Personality dimensions among women with an eating disorder: Towards reconceptualizing DSM
Authors: Tasca Giorgio A. , Demidenko Natasha , Krysanski Valerie , Bissada Hany , Illing Vanessa , Gick Mary , Weekes Kirsti , Balfour Louise 
Published: May 2009

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the incremental validity of a dimensional assessment of personality, after controlling for diagnostic category, in accounting for meaningful variation in eating disorder attitudes and behaviours and in current affective distress among a clinical sample of eating disordered women.Methods244 treatment seeking eating disordered women and 116 non‐eating disordered women were assessed with the NEO five factor inventory (NEO‐FFI), and with measures of eating disorder attitudes and of affective distress using a cross sectional design.ResultsAs predicted, differences were found between eating disordered and non‐eating disordered women on several NEO‐FFI scales, which provided a context for subsequent analyses. NEO‐FFI scales accounted for meaningful variation in eating disordered attitudes and behaviours as well as in levels of current affective distress over and above DSM‐IV diagnostic category.ConclusionA flexible approach to diagnosis, which includes personality dimensions along with a description of eating disorder symptoms, may result in a more inclusive and useful diagnostic scheme for treating women with eating disorders. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and Eating Disorders Association.
Influence of a single nucleotide polymorphism in the P1 promoter of the furin gene on transcription activity and hepatitis B virus infection #
Authors: Lei Rui Xiang , Shi Hong , Peng Xiao Mou , Zhu Yin Hong , Cheng Jie , Chen Gui Hua 
Published: May 2009

Abstract
Hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) is a viral strategy of immune response evasion associated with hepatitis B virus (HBV) persistence. Spontaneous HBeAg seroconversion is usually accompanied by liver disease remission. Unfortunately, this goal is difficult to achieve and requires expensive and time-consuming treatment. Furin, a proprotein convertase, is involved in HBeAg maturation and is therefore a potential therapeutic target or indicator for predicting disease progression and antiviral response. Here we demonstrate that healthy Han Chinese from southern China (an endemic area of HBV infection) harbor a common single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP; −229 C/T) in a 1268-bp region of the P1 promoter of the furin gene [FES upstream region (Fur)]. A luciferase reporter gene assay showed that transcription activity is about 3 times higher in allele T carriers than in allele C carriers of this SNP. Allele T includes a suboptimal transcription factor NF-E2 [i.e., nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)]–binding motif according to bioinformatics and studies using site-directed mutagenesis. We also observed that individuals carrying allele T were more likely to become persistently infected. When persistently infected patients were divided into subgroups according to recent guidelines and HBeAg-defective virus infection was taken into account, patients with allele T or genotype TT had a decreased likelihood of HBeAg seroconversion or an increased likelihood of progressing to HBeAg-negative chronic hepatitis B or liver cirrhosis if accompanied by HBeAg-defective virus infection. Conclusion: The common SNP in the P1 promoter of the Fur gene affects furin transcription activity and HBV infection outcome, possibly by increasing furin messenger RNA expression, and this suggests that furin is a potential therapeutic target and that this SNP is a potential predictor of disease progression or therapeutic response. (Hepatology 2009.)
RETRACTED:ESTIMATION OF IRRIGATION REQUIREMENTS FOR SOME CROPS IN SOUTHERN QUEBEC USING CROPWAT
Authors: Doria R. O. , Madramootoo C. A. 
Published: May 2009

ABSTRACTThe following article from Irrigation and Drainage, Estimation of irrigation requirements for some crops in Southern Quebec using CROPWAT by R. O. Doria and C. A. Madramootoo, published online on 6 May 2009 in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com), has been retracted by agreement between the authors, the journal Chair of the Editorial Board, Prof. Bart Schultz and John Wiley & Sons Ltd. The retraction has been agreed due to problems with the model simulation that potentially invalidate the conclusions.
Villains or heroes? Farmers' adjustments to water scarcity
Authors: Molle François , Venot Jean‐Philippe , Lannerstad Mats , Hoogesteger Jaime 
Published: May 2009

AbstractAlthough farmers are often seen as wasting water and getting a disproportionate share of water, irrigation is losing out in the competition for water with other sectors. In cases of drought, water restrictions are overwhelmingly imposed on irrigation while other activities and domestic supply are only affected in cases of very severe shortage. All over the world, farmers have been responding to the challenge posed by both short‐ and long‐term declining water allocations in many creative ways, but these responses have often been overlooked by policy makers. This paper examines how farmers have adapted to water scarcity in six different river basins of Asia and the Middle East. It inventories the different types of adjustments observed and shows not only their effectiveness in offsetting the drop in supply but also their costs to farmers and to the environment and their contribution to basin closure. The conclusion calls for a better recognition of the efforts made by the irrigation sector to respond to water challenges and of its implications in terms of reduced scope for efficiency gains in the irrigation sector. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
In vitro/in vivo biocompatibility and mechanical properties of bioactive glass nanofiber and poly(ε‐caprolactone) composite materials
Authors: Jo Ji‐Hoon , Lee Eun‐Jung , Shin Du‐Sik , Kim Hyoun‐Ee , Kim Hae‐Won , Koh Young‐Hag , Jang Jun‐Hyeog 
Published: May 2009

AbstractIn this study, a poly(ε‐caprolactone) (PCL)/bioactive glass (BG) nanocomposite was fabricated using BG nanofibers (BGNFs) and compared with an established composite fabricated using microscale BG particles. The BGNFs were generated using sol–gel precursors via the electrospinning process, chopped into short fibers and then incorporated into the PCL organic matrix by dissolving them in a tetrahydrofuran solvent. The biological and mechanical properties of the PCL/BGNF composites were evaluated and compared with those of PCL/BG powder (BGP). Because the PCL/BG composite containing 20 wt % BG showed the highest level of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, all evaluations were performed at this concentration except for that of the ALP activity itself. In vitro cell tests using the MC3T3 cell line demonstrated the enhanced biocompatibility of the PCL/BGNF composite compared with the PCL/BGP composite. Furthermore, the PCL/BGNF composite showed a significantly higher level of bioactivity compared with the PCL/BGP composite. In addition, the results of the in vivo animal experiments using Sprague–Dawley albino rats revealed the good bone regeneration capability of the PCL/BGNF composite when implanted in a calvarial bone defect. In the result of the tensile test, the stiffness of the PCL/BG composite was further increased when the BGNFs were incorporated. These results indicate that the PCL/BGNF composite has greater bioactivity and mechanical stability when compared with the PCL/BG composite and great potential as a bone regenerative material. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2009
Is ceramic‐on‐ceramic squeaking phenomenon reproducible in vitro? A long‐term simulator study under severe conditions
Authors: Affatato S. , Traina F. , Mazzega‐Fabbro C. , Sergo V. , Viceconti M. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractClinical and in vitro studies on ceramic hip prostheses correlate cup implant position with hip noise, ceramic wear, or ceramic liner damage. A ceramic cup malposition could lead to edge load, ceramic head wear, and squeaking. A noise of a ceramic hip could also be correlate with implant instability and liner damage. Aim of this study was to investigate the long‐term wear behavior of 12 commercial alumina‐on‐alumina bearings under severe conditions: different angles of inclination (23°, 45°, and 63°) and the addition of third body particles (titanium and alumina powder) to address the effective role of cup position and ceramic particles on wear and hip noise. The study was performed using a 12‐stations hip joint wear simulator (Shore Western, Monrovia) under bovine calf serum used as lubricant. Wear was evaluated by gravimetric method and the piezo‐spectroscopic technique was used to evaluate the residual stress of the ceramic components and correlate this to the weight loss. After eight million cycles, we found that the inclination of the cup (63° in this study) was the most disadvantaged and it was correlated with a hip noise. Gravimetric measurements showed higher wear than the other configurations and these results were in agreement with the Photoluminescence investigation. In particular, the results obtained in this work revealed a residual stress state greater not only with respect to the other angles of inclination but also to two retrieved alumina acetabular cups with a 10 years follow‐up. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2009