bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment of bone mineral status in children with Marfan syndrome
Authors: Grover Monica , Brunetti‐Pierri Nicola , Belmont John , Phan Kelly , Tran Alyssa , Shypailo Roman J. , Ellis Kenneth J. , Lee Brendan H. 
Published: August 2012

AbstractMarfan syndrome (MFS) is an autosomal dominant connective tissue disorder with skeletal involvement. It is caused by mutations in fibrillin1 (FBN1) gene resulting in activation of TGF‐β, which developmentally regulates bone mass and matrix properties. There is no consensus regarding bone mineralization in children with MFS. Using dual‐energy X‐ray absorptiometry (DXA), we evaluated bone mineralization in 20 children with MFS unselected for bone problems. z‐Scores were calculated based on age, gender, height, and ethnicity matched controls. Mean whole body bone mineral content (BMC) z‐score was 0.26 ± 1.42 (P = 0.41). Mean bone mineral density (BMD) z‐score for whole body was −0.34 ± 1.4 (P = 0.29) and lumbar spine was reduced at −0.55 ± 1.34 (P = 0.017). On further adjusting for stature, which is usually higher in MFS, mean BMC z‐score was reduced at −0.677 ± 1.37 (P = 0.04), mean BMD z‐score for whole body was −0.82 ± 1.55 (P = 0.002) and for lumbar spine was −0.83 ± 1.32 (P = 0.001). An increased risk of osteoporosis in MFS is controversial. DXA has limitations in large skeletons because it tends to overestimate BMD and BMC. By adjusting results for height, age, gender, and ethnicity, we found that MFS patients have significantly lower BMC and BMD in whole body and lumbar spine. Evaluation of diet, exercise, vitamin D status, and bone turnover markers will help gain insight into pathogenesis of the reduced bone mass. Further, larger longitudinal studies are required to evaluate the natural history, incidence of fractures, and effects of pharmacological therapy. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Expression analysis of a 17p terminal deletion, including YWHAE, but not PAFAH1B1, associated with normal brain structure on MRI in a young girl
Authors: Enomoto Keisuke , Kishitani Yasuhiro , Tominaga Makiko , Ishikawa Aki , Furuya Noritaka , Aida Noriko , Masuno Mitsuo , Yamada Ken‐Ichiro , Kurosawa Kenji 
Published: August 2012

AbstractTyrosine 3‐monooxygenase/tryptophan 5‐monooxygenase activation protein, epsilon polypeptide (YWHAE), on chromosome 17p13.3, has been shown to play a crucial role in neuronal development. The deletion of YWHAE, but not platelet‐activating factor acetylhydrolase, isoform 1b, subunit 1 (PAFAH1B1), underlies a newly recognized neurodevelopmental disorder, characterized by significant growth retardation, developmental delay/intellectual disability (DD/ID), distinctive facial appearance, and brain abnormalities. Here, we report on a girl with a terminal deletion of 17p13.3, including YWHAE but not PAFAH1B1, showing normal brain structure on MRI. She had mild developmental delay, a distinctive facial appearance, and severe growth retardation despite normal growth hormone levels, which was improved by growth hormone therapy. Expression analysis of YWHAE and PAFAH1B1 yielded results consistent with array CGH and FISH results. These results indicate that the dosage effect of YWHAE varies from severe to very mild structural brain abnormalities, and suggest that the expression of YWHAE is associated with a complex mechanism of neuronal development. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Outcomes of endoscopy and computed tomography in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis
Authors: Amine Muhamad , Lininger Lauren , Fargo Keith N. , Welch Kevin C. 
Published: August 2012

AbstractBackground:Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a common disease diagnosed based on a combination of symptoms, imaging, and/or endoscopy. Computed tomography (CT) is the gold standard in diagnosis of CRS due to inherent low sensitivity of endoscopy. We sought to assess the correlation between symptoms, endoscopy, and imaging in order to reduce the number of CTs without decreasing diagnostic accuracy.Methods:Retrospective review of a single practitioner's patients from 2008 to 2010 who presented for evaluation of CRS. Data on demographics, symptoms, and endoscopic and CT findings were collected and analyzed. Exclusion criteria included patients with prior surgery, no imaging, and those that failed to meet the 2007 CRS Task Force symptom criteria.Results:A total of 244 patients met the Task Force symptom criteria. Using CT as the gold standard, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) of endoscopy alone was 36%, 95%, 89%, and 55%, respectively. The number of symptoms (NOS) strongly correlated with the absence or presence of disease (p < 0.01). Incorporating NOS into a CRS diagnostic algorithm improved sensitivity and NPV of nasal endoscopy to 82% and 79% while maintaining its specificity and PPV at 82% and 84%, respectively. Applying our algorithm retrospectively would have resulted in a reduction in the number of CTs by 69%, resulting in an acceptable 10% (n = 24/244) false negative rate and 8% (n = 20/244) false positive rate.Conclusion:Incorporating number of symptoms in a CRS diagnostic algorithm may drastically reduce the number of CTs needed. Clinical diagnostic accuracy is enhanced with this new algorithm while significantly reducing the cost and radiation burden of CTs. © 2013 ARS–AAOA, LLC.
Lumineszierende ionische Übergangsmetallkomplexe für leuchtende elektrochemische Zellen
Authors: Costa Rubén D. , Ortí Enrique , Bolink Henk J. , Monti Filippo , Accorsi Gianluca , Armaroli Nicola 
Published: August 2012

AbstractDurch die Umsetzung neuer Beleuchtungskonzepte könnte die Verwertung von Energie deutlich effizienter gestaltet werden. Alle derzeit entwickelten Technologien beruhen auf elektrolumineszierenden Festkörpern und lassen sich allgemein als Festkörperbeleuchtung (solid‐state lighting, SSL) einstufen. Die beiden wichtigsten Zweige der SSL‐Technologie sind Leuchtdioden (LEDs) und organische Leuchtdioden (OLEDs), doch seit kurzem bilden auch leuchtende elektrochemische Zellen (LECs) eine Alternative, die als aktive Materialien entweder lumineszierende Polymere in Kombination mit ionischen Salzen oder lumineszierende ionische Spezies wie ionische Übergangsmetallkomplexe (iTMCs) enthalten. Cyclometallierte IrIII‐Komplexe werden bei weitem am häufigsten als iTMCs in LECs verwendet. Hier zeigen wir, wie diese Komplexe hergestellt werden können, und wir diskutieren ihre einzigartigen elektronischen, photophysikalischen und photochemischen Eigenschaften. Schließlich werden die wichtigsten Fortschritte bezüglich Einschaltzeit, Stabilität, Effizienz und Farbe von iTMCs‐LECs präsentiert.
Synthesis and Antimicrobial Activity of Novel Heterocyclic Sulfamoyl‐phenyl‐carboximidamides Derived from Clinically Applied Sulfonamides
Authors: Gobis Katarzyna , Foks Henryk , Wiśniewska Katarzyna , Dąbrowska‐Szponar Maria , Augustynowicz‐Kopeć Ewa , Napiórkowska Agnieszka 
Published: August 2012

AbstractA series of novel heterocyclic sulfamoyl‐phenyl‐carboximidamides were synthesized in satisfactory yields via condensation of clinically applied sulfonamides with heterocyclic methyl carbimidates. New structures were confirmed by IR and NMR spectra as well as elemental analyses. All the compounds were screened for their antibacterial, antifungal, and tuberculostatic activities. Preliminary results indicated that some target compounds exhibited promising antibacterial potency. Especially, N‐[4‐(thiazol‐2‐sulfamoyl)phenyl]pyrazine‐2‐carboximidamide (16) was found to be as potent as clinically applied sulfamethoxypyridazine.
Reagent‐Based DOS: Developing a Diastereoselective Methodology to Access Spirocyclic‐ and Fused Heterocyclic Ring Systems
Authors: Damerla V. Surendra Babu , Tulluri Chiranjeevi , Gundla Rambabu , Naviri Lava , Adepally Uma , Iyer Pravin S. , Murthy Y. L. N. , Prabhakar Nampally , Sen Subhabrata 
Published: August 2012

AbstractHerein, we report a diversity‐oriented‐synthesis (DOS) approach for the synthesis of biologically relevant molecular scaffolds. Our methodology enables the facile synthesis of fused N‐heterocycles, spirooxoindolones, tetrahydroquinolines, and fused N‐heterocycles. The two‐step sequence starts with a chiral‐bicyclic‐lactam‐directed enolate‐addition/substitution step. This step is followed by a ring‐closure onto the built‐in scaffold electrophile, thereby leading to stereoselective carbocycle‐ and spirocycle‐formation. We used in silico tools to calibrate our compounds with respect to chemical diversity and selected drug‐like properties. We evaluated the biological significance of our scaffolds by screening them in two cancer cell‐lines. In summary, our DOS methodology affords new, diverse scaffolds, thereby resulting in compounds that may have significance in medicinal chemistry.
Einfluss des Klebstoffes auf das Brandverhalten von Brettschichtholz
Authors: Klippel Michael , Frangi Andrea 
Published: August 2012

AbstractDie Verwendung von Klebstoffen für die Herstellung von Holzprodukten ist im konstruktiven Holzbau unerlässlich. Die Tragsicherheit von verklebten tragenden Holzbauteilen wie Brettschichtholz wird durch das Verhalten der eingesetzten Klebstoffe maßgeblich beeinflusst. Klebstoffe müssen eine zuverlässige Festigkeit und Dauerhaftigkeit aufweisen, so dass sie unter der vorgesehenen Nutzung ihre Funktionsfähigkeit vollständig behalten. Diese Leistungsanforderung muss auch im Brandfall sichergestellt sein. Zur Untersuchung des Einflusses des Klebstoffes auf das Tragverhalten von Brettschichtholz im Brandfall wurden umfangreiche Untersuchungen durchgeführt. Der vorliegende Artikel fasst die wesentlichen Resultate und Erkenntnisse dieser Untersuchungen zusammen. Die Untersuchungen zeigten den Einfluss des Klebstoffes auf das Tragverhalten bei Brettschichtholz im Brandfall. Bei der flächigen Verklebung (zwischen den Brettlamellen) zeigte sich anhand numerischer Untersuchungen, dass ein Versagen in der Klebstofffuge auch mit Klebstoffen mit geringer thermischer Stabilität kaum maßgebend wird. Die Brandversuche an keilgezinkten Brettschichtholzlamellen zeigten, dass der Feuerwiderstand von der Versagensart dominiert wird. Unter Berücksichtigung der beobachteten Bruchbilder ließen sich keine signifikanten Unterschiede zwischen den geprüften Klebstoffen feststellen.Influence of the adhesive on the fire behaviour of glued laminated timber. Adhesives are commonly used to produce engineered wood products such as glued laminated timber beams. The load‐bearing capacity of these structural timber elements is strongly influenced by the adhesive used. As a consequence, adhesives have to meet requirements regarding strength and durability to ensure the functionality of structural timber elements during the whole lifetime. Also during fire, the performance requirements have to be fulfilled for a certain time period. To investigate the influence of the adhesive on the load‐carrying capacity of glued laminated timber in fire, comprehensive analysis has been performed. This article summarises the most important results and findings. Based on the numerical analysis performed to investigate the influence of adhesive in the bondline between two lamellas, it can be concluded that also if the adhesive strength in the bondline is strongly influenced by the temperature, in most common design applications failure will occur because the bending resistance of the beam is exceeded. Failure in the bondline is hardly to be expected. The fire tests on finger‐jointed timber boards showed that the fire resistance is dominated by the type of failure. Taking into account the different failure modes, no significant difference was observed between the adhesives studied.
Untersuchung des Gesamtenergiedurchlassgrades an gebäudeintegrierbaren, teiltransparenten Photovoltaik‐Modulen bei elektrischer Leistungsentnahme
Authors: Schäfle Claudia , Feldmeier Franz 
Published: August 2012

AbstractDer Gesamtenergiedurchlassgrad (g‐Wert) verschiedener teiltransparenter, gebäudeintegrierbarer Photovoltaik‐Module wurde mit und ohne Entnahme elektrischer Leistung kalorimetrisch gemessen. Durch die Leistungsentnahme sinkt die Oberflächentemperatur des Moduls um bis zu 4 K. Gleichzeitig reduziert sich der g‐Wert aufgrund der geringeren sekundären Wärmeabgabe. Die Größe der Abnahme hängt von der entnommenen Leistung ab und stimmt sehr gut mit einem einfachen, auf dem Energiesatz basierenden Rechenmodell überein.Investigation of the total solar energy transmittance on building‐integrated, semitransparent photovoltaic modules with and without extraction of electrical power. The total solar energy transmittance (g‐value) of different building‐integrated PV‐elements has been measured with and without extracting electrical power from the module. When extracting energy, a reduction in the g‐value has been measured. Moreover, a reduction in temperature up to 4 K on the inner surface is observed. The experimental results are in very good agreement with a physical model based on energy conservation.
Untersuchungen zu Wärmeleitfähigkeit und Feuchteverhalten von Holzfaserplatten und Materialkombinationen
Authors: Brombacher Volker , Michel Franco , Niemz Peter , Volkmer Thomas 
Published: August 2012

AbstractIn der vorliegenden Arbeit wurden wesentliche thermische und hygroskopische Kennwerte von Holzfaserplatten ermittelt. Für die Untersuchungen wurden aktuelle Produkte einzeln oder in Kombination analysiert. Ergänzend wurden Produkte auf Hanf‐ und mineralischer Basis in die Untersuchungen mit einbezogen. Die Bestimmung der Wärmeleitfähigkeit, der Sorptionsgeschwindigkeit sowie des Quell‐ und Schwindverhaltens erfolgte entsprechend den geltenden Normen. In Bezug auf die thermischen Eigenschaften ergibt sich für die verschiedenen Dichtebereiche eine Abhängigkeit zwischen Rohdichte und Wärmeleitfähigkeit, welche jedoch unterschiedlich stark ausgeprägt ist. Bei den Materialkombinationen zeigt sich der dominierende Einfluss der Rohdichte der äußeren Schichten, wobei leichte Materialen zu einer niedrigeren Wärmeleitung führen. Das Dampfdiffusionsverhalten wird durch das Herstellungsverfahren der Platten beeinflusst, darüber hinaus ist teilweise ein Einfluss der Probendicke zu erkennen. Die Sorptionskurven für den Be‐ und Entfeuchtungsprozess zeigen erwartungsgemäß den bekannten Hysterese Effekt des Holzes. Die Sorptionsgeschwindigkeiten für die untersuchten Materialien variieren deutlich, jedoch ist ein Einfluss der Schichtdicke nachweisbar. Die Dickenquellung ist deutlich größer als die Quellung in Plattenebene. Die Herstellungsrichtung wirkt sich dabei nur geringfügig auf die Messwerte aus.Investigation of thermal conductivity and moisture behaviour of fibreboard and material combinations. In the presented paper relevant thermal and hygroscopic parameters of wood fiberboards were determined. The investigations were conducted on up to date products in a single state or in combination. Furthermore materials based on hemp and mineral fibers were included in the investigations. The determination of the thermal conductivity, the sorption behavior, swelling and shrinkage was done in accordance to the actual standards. Concerning the thermal behavior a correlation between density and thermal conductivity was obvious, but different significant for the several density groups. For the material combination the density of the outer layers dominates the thermal parameters, respectively at this position light material leads to low thermal conductivity. The vapor diffusion gets influence by the production process of the single materials. The thickness of the boards tends to influence the vapor resistance as well. The sorption curves for de‐ and adsorption show the expected hysteresis like for solid wood. But the sorption speed varies clearly for the different materials. The swelling perpendicular to the panel plane is significant higher than in plane. The production direction has a little influence in the swelling behavior only.
Development of a Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain for increasing the accumulation of triacylglycerol as a microbial oil feedstock for biodiesel production using glycerol as a substrate
Authors: Yu Kyung Ok , Jung Ju , Ramzi Ahmad Bazli , Choe Se Hoon , Kim Seung Wook , Park Chulhwan , Han Sung Ok 
Published: August 2012

AbstractTriacylglycerol (TAG) is a microbial oil feedstock for biodiesel production that uses an inexpensive substrate, such as glycerol. Here, we demonstrated the overproduction of TAG from glycerol in engineered Saccharomyces cerevisiae via the glycerol‐3‐phosphate (G3P) pathway by overexpressing the major TAG synthesis. The G3P accumulation was increased 2.4‐fold with the increased glycerol utilization gained by the overexpression of glycerol kinase (GUT1). By overexpressing diacylglycerol acyltransferase (DGA1) and phospholipid diacylglycerol acyltransferase (LRO1), the engineered YPH499 (pGutDgaLro1) strain produced 23.0 mg/L lipids, whereas the YPH499 (pESC‐TRP) strain produced 6.2 mg/L total lipids and showed a lipid content that was increased 1.4‐fold compared with 3.6% for the wild‐type strain after 96 h of cultivation. After 96 h of cultivation using glycerol, the overall content of TAG in the engineered strain, YPH499 (pGutDgaLro1), yielded 8.2% TAG, representing a 2.3‐fold improvement, compared with 3.6% for the wild‐type strain. The results should allow a reduction of costs and a more sustainable production of biodiesel. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2013; 110: 343–347. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Critical review of activated sludge modeling: State of process knowledge, modeling concepts, and limitations
Authors: Hauduc H. , Rieger L. , Oehmen A. , van Loosdrecht M.C.M. , Comeau Y. , Héduit A. , Vanrolleghem P.A. , Gillot S. 
Published: August 2012

AbstractThis work critically reviews modeling concepts for standard activated sludge wastewater treatment processes (e.g., hydrolysis, growth and decay of organisms, etc.) for some of the most commonly used models. Based on a short overview on the theoretical biochemistry knowledge this review should help model users to better understand (i) the model concepts used; (ii) the differences between models, and (iii) the limits of the models. The seven analyzed models are: (1) ASM1; (2) ASM2d; (3) ASM3; (4) ASM3 + BioP; (5) ASM2d + TUD; (6) Barker & Dold model; and (7) UCTPHO+. Nine standard processes are distinguished and discussed in the present work: hydrolysis; fermentation; ordinary heterotrophic organisms (OHO) growth; autotrophic nitrifying organisms (ANO) growth; OHO & ANO decay; poly‐hydroxyalkanoates (PHA) storage; polyphosphate (polyP) storage; phosphorus accumulating organisms PAO) growth; and PAO decay. For a structured comparison, a new schematic representation of these processes is proposed. Each process is represented as a reaction with consumed components on the left of the figure and produced components on the right. Standardized icons, based on shapes and color codes, enable the representation of the stoichiometric modeling concepts and kinetics. This representation allows highlighting the conceptual differences of the models, and the level of simplification between the concepts and the theoretical knowledge. The model selection depending on their theoretical limitations and the main research needs to increase the model quality are finally discussed. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2013; 110: 24–46. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Methanol‐driven enhanced biological phosphorus removal with a syntrophic consortium
Authors: Tayà Carlota , Guerrero Javier , Vanneste Gianni , Guisasola Albert , Baeza Juan A. 
Published: August 2012

AbstractThe presence of suitable carbon sources for enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR) plays a key role in phosphorus removal from wastewater in urban WWTP. For wastewaters with low volatile fatty acids (VFAs) content, an external carbon addition is necessary. As methanol is the most commonly external carbon source used for denitrification it could be a priori a promising alternative, but previous attempts to use it for EBPR have failed. This study is the first successful report of methanol utilization as external carbon source for EBPR. Since a direct replacement strategy (i.e., supply of methanol as a sole carbon source to a propionic‐fed PAO‐enriched sludge) failed, a novel process was designed and implemented successfully: development of a consortium with anaerobic biomass and polyphosphate accumulating organisms (PAOs). Methanol‐degrading acetogens were (i) selected against other anaerobic methanol degraders from an anaerobic sludge; (ii) subjected to conventional EBPR conditions (anaerobic + aerobic); and (iii) bioaugmented with PAOs. EBPR with methanol as a sole carbon source was sustained in a mid‐term basis with this procedure. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2013; 110: 391–400. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Micropatterned polyelectrolyte nanofilms promote alignment and myogenic differentiation of C2C12 cells in standard growth media
Authors: Palamà Ilaria E. , D'Amone Stefania , Coluccia Addolorata M.L. , Gigli Giuseppe 
Published: August 2012

AbstractAlignment of skeletal myoblasts is considered a critical step during myotube formation. The C2C12 cell line is frequently used as a model of skeletal muscle differentiation that can be induced by lowering the serum concentration in standard culture flasks. In order to mimic the striated architectures of skeletal muscles in vitro, micro‐patterning techniques and surface engineering have been proven as useful approaches for promoting elongation and alignment of C2C12 myoblasts, thereby enhancing the outgrowth of multi‐nucleated myotubes upon switching from growth media (GM) to differentiative media (DM). Herein, a layer‐by‐layer (LbL) polyelectrolyte multilayer deposition was combined with a micro‐molding in capillaries (MIMIC) method to simultaneously provide biochemical and geometrical instructive cues that induced the formation of tightly apposed and parallel arrays of differentiating myotubes from C2C12 cells maintained in GM media for 15 days. This study focuses on two different types of patterned/self‐assembled nanofilms based on alternated layers of poly (allylamine hydrochloride) (PAH)/poly(sodium 4‐styrene‐sulfonate) (PSS) as biocompatible but not biodegradable polymeric structures, or poly‐L‐arginine sulfate salt (pARG)/dextran sulfate sodium salt (DXS) as both biocompatible and biodegradable surfaces. The influence of these microstructures as well as of the nanofilm composition on C2C12 skeletal muscle cells' differentiation and viability was evaluated and quantified, pointing to give a reference for skeletal muscle regenerative potential in culture conditions that do not promote it. At this regard, our results validate PEM microstructured devices, to a greater extent for (PAH/PSS)5‐coated microgrooves, as biocompatible and innovative tools for tissue engineering applications and molecular dissection of events controlling C2C12 skeletal muscle regeneration without switching to their optimal differentiative culture media in vitro. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2013; 110: 586–596. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.