bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
COTA to OTR: Factors Influencing Professional Development
Authors: Fleming Cottrell Rita P. 
Published: January 2011

Abstract
Objective. This pilot study examined factors that influenced the pursuit of a professional educational degree by certified occupational therapy assistants (COTAs) seeking to become registered occupational therapists (OTRs).
Method. Questionnaires were distributed to 92 COTAs attending a weekend professional occupational therapy education program.
Results. Although the stressors on these students were many, the depth and breadth of motivators, resources, and supports and the availability of weekend classes enabled this group of COTAs to pursue their professional development goal. Enabling the pursuit of professional degrees while working was viewed by the participants as essential to their professional development and career mobility.
Recommendations. Strategies for meeting the diverse needs of COTAs and other nontraditional adult students seeking a professional degree in occupational therapy are identified and need to be supported by educators and practitioners. An increased appreciation of the challenges faced by these students and the development of innovative programming to meet their educational needs will strengthen the profession’s ability to recruit and retain diverse, competent practitioners.
The Predictive Power of Narrative Data in Occupational Therapy Evaluation
Authors: Simmons Douglas C. , Crepeau Elizabeth Blesedell , White Barbara Prudhomme 
Published: January 2011

Abstract
Objective. This study examined whether adding the Canadian Occupational Performance Measure (COPM) to existing occupational therapy evaluation measures used in a subacute skilled nursing facility unit enhanced the accuracy of therapists’ predictions of the functional status of clients at discharge.
Method. This study utilized a prospective comparison design. Two independent predictive variables were developed using the standard Functional Independent Measure (FIM), and an enhanced FIM that included narrative information from the Canadian Occupational Performance Measure (FIM/COPM). These variables were subsequently compared with the actual FIM discharge (DFIM) scores for 31 clients. The primary author (D.S.) gathered data from chart review and conducted the statistical analysis. The data were analyzed using descriptive correlations (Pearson r) and comparison statistics (Wilcoxon signed rank test).
Results. Comparison statistics (Wilcoxon signed rank test) revealed a statistically significant difference between the standard FIM predictive score and the discharge FIM score. No statistically significant difference was found between the FIM/COPM predictive score and the discharge FIM score. These findings suggest that predictive scores based solely on information attained from the standard FIM resulted in less accuracy in outcome predictions. Correlational analyses further supported these conclusions.
Conclusion. The findings support the study hypothesis that use of the COPM in combination with the FIM enhances accuracy in prediction of outcomes for rehabilitative services for persons in adult physical disabilities settings.
The Effects of Hands-on Occupation Versus Demonstration on Children’s Recall Memory
Authors: Hartman Beth A. , Miller Barbara Kopp , Nelson David L. 
Published: January 2011

Abstract
Objective. Hands-on learning has been an important aspect of the profession of occupational therapy since its founding. The purpose of this study was to determine whether children engaged in hands-on learning would be able to recall more of the steps and more of the correct order of the steps of an occupation than children engaged in a demonstration teaching method.
Method. After being randomly assigned, 73 healthy third-graders (42 girls and 31 boys) either participated in making a model of a volcano or observed the making of a model of a volcano. Following task completion, both groups were asked to recall and state as many of the 41 syntactical units as possible in their proper order. The children’s responses were audiotaped and scored in a blind fashion according to predetermined criteria. Interrater reliability was excellent.
Results. A t-test revealed a significant difference between conditions in terms of free recall scores, with children in the hands-on condition having a greater recall score, t (71) = 2.63, p &lt; .005. The effect size d equaled .62. A MannWhitney U Test revealed no significant difference between conditions in terms of remembering the steps in proper order (the lack of a significant difference may have been due to a problem of measurement).
Conclusion. The results of this study demonstrated that participants were able to recall more information when engaged in a hands-on teaching method as compared with a demonstration method. It is suggested that the learning advantages of hands-on occupation are related to the enhanced sensory/perceptual experiences and the feelings of success that are characteristic of hands-on learning, as opposed to passive forms of learning.
Role Perceptions of Occupational Therapists Providing Support and Education for Caregivers of Persons With Dementia
Authors: Toth-Cohen Susan 
Published: January 2011

Abstract
Objective. This pilot study explored occupational therapists’ perceptions of their roles as interventionists providing education and support for caregivers of persons with dementia. The intervention was provided in caregivers’ homes as part of a larger funded study.
Method. Interviews were conducted with four occupational therapists to elicit their reflections on practice and their views on occupational therapy services on the basis of their experiences providing support and education for caregivers in the funded study.
Results. Key themes consisted of the contrasts between the therapists’ roles in the study and their customary practices and the professional and personal impact of their role in the study. Their recommendations for occupational therapy services emphasized the need to (a) collaborate with patients, families, and other health care staff members to solve problems; (b) acknowledge others as experts; (c) include family perspectives; and (d) fully address the needs of patients and families in their home environments.
Conclusion. Providing support and education for caregivers in the community can be a major transition for therapists accustomed to practicing in more traditional settings. Additional research is needed to explore the ways in which specific practice contexts influence delivery of occupational therapy services.
The Joint Protection Behavior Assessment: A Reliability Study
Authors: Klompenhouwer Petra J. , Lysack Catherine , Dijkers Marcel , Hammond Alison 
Published: January 2011

Abstract
Objective. Of the various measures developed for studying persons with rheumatoid arthritis, only one that focuses on joint protection has undergone extensive testing, the Joint Protection Behavior Assessment (JPBA).The purpose of the present study was to examine the interater and intrarater reliability of the JPBA.
Method. Six healthy participants performed the JPBA under three test conditions (uninformed, informed, completely guided joint protection behavior). The 18 test performances were videotaped and scored by nine independent raters.
Results. Analysis of these data showed that interrater reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient [ICC]) was .90 or higher, and intrarater reliability was .95 or higher (ICC). The correlation between the JPBA and its two shortened versions was .95 or higher (ICC). Internal consistency was also high, with a coefficient alpha of 0.95 for the complete JPBA. Kappa values showed that for most subtasks, there was fair to excellent agreement between raters and consistency of raters over time.
Conclusion.Our data suggest that the complete JPBA has excellent clinimetric properties and that the shortened versions are adequate for clinical situations. Some improvements in the test manual suggested by the present study may further improve the measure. A repeat of this study under real-world circumstances would provide an estimate of JPBA reliability in clinical practice.
Perspectives on Faculty Clinical Practice: Views of Occupational Therapy Curriculum Chairpersons and Faculty Members
Authors: Scoggin Angela E. , Gibson Robert W. , Hanson Carolyn 
Published: January 2011

Abstract
Objective. This study investigated whether and how faculty clinical practice (FCP) was being implemented in occupational therapy professional education programs.
Method. Chairpersons and faculty members from all accredited entry-level occupational therapy curricula in the United States were asked to complete questionnaires about their involvement in FCP. The chairperson questionnaire consisted of primarily closed-ended questions that addressed the organization of faculty practice within their programs, whereas the faculty questionnaire was primarily open-ended and addressed faculty members’ individual involvement in FCP as well as the perceived benefits and drawbacks. Responses were analyzed for 39 program chairpersons and 136 faculty members were analyzed.
Results. Twenty-five chairperson respondents reported that their educational program had FCP, and 44 faculty respondents indicated involvement in FCP during the past year. FCP was more prevalent in public-funded institutions and academic health centers. Faculty members primarily engaged in FCP in order to stay current, enhance teaching, and develop networks. They reported increased credibility with students as an important benefit of clinical practice. The primary reasons faculty members did not engage in clinical practice were insufficient time and institutional policies.
Conclusion. Although many faculty members in occupational therapy education programs value clinical practice as a part of their educator role, it is necessary to negotiate responsibilities and rewards to prevent role overload and comply with institutional policies.
Pressure Garment Adherence in Adult Patients With Burn Injuries: An Analysis of Patient and Clinician Perceptions
Authors: Stewart René , Bhagwanjee Anil M. , Mbakaza Yoliswa , Binase Tabisa 
Published: January 2011

Abstract
Objective. This study provides a descriptive analysis of the factors affecting pressure garment adherence from the perspective of adult patients with burn injuries and occupational therapy clinicians.
Method. Questionnaires were administered to 23 adult patients with burn injuries and 10 occupational therapy clinicians selected from six provincial hospitals in a large metropolitan area in South Africa. Adherence behavior was evaluated from the perspective of both sample groups in terms of four variables: garment type, garment comfort, garment cosmesis, and garment instructions.
Results. Adherence behavior was negatively influenced by differences in both patient and clinician perceptions across several variables, including the types and consequences of skin problems arising from pressure garment use, levels of satisfaction with garment construction and color, and the issuing and understanding of garment instructions. Other factors compromising adherence behavior included the negative effects of visible burn disfigurement, the issuing of pressure garments after hypertrophic scarring had developed, a lack of patient choice in the selection of scar management techniques, and a lack of social support in the wearing of pressure garments.
Conclusion. Much of what is traditionally understood as “patient nonadherence” appeared to be largely because of rational choices made by patients in the face of several difficulties they experienced with the current form and nature of their pressure garment therapy. On the basis of these findings, a range of patient-centered interventions are indicated to enhance treatment efficacy and consumer satisfaction with this treatment regimen, including horizontal rather than vertical therapist–patient communication, closer interaction among members of the health care team, the facilitation of family and social support, and interactive health education interventions.
Quelle sorte d'être est le soi? Les implications ontologiques d'une herméneutique du soi
Authors: Vallée Marc-Antoine 
Published: January 2011

Cet article vise à dégager les implications ontologiques du projet Ricoeurien d’une herméneutique du soi tel que formulé dans Soi-même comme un autre. L’auteur retrace d’abord la double approche de Ricoeur proposant de penser l’attestation du soi suivant la notion aristotélicienne de l’être-vrai et l’homme capable selon les catégories de l’acte et de la puissance. Soulignant le caractère fragmentaire et insuffisant des analyses de Ricoeur, il explore ensuite une troisième façon de nommer l’être du soi selon la catégorie de la relation, développant ainsi l’idée d’une “ontologie de la relation” sous-jacente à cette herméneutique du soi. This article aims to make explicit the ontological implications of the Ricœurian project of a hermeneutics of self as formulated in Oneself as Another. The author first redraws Ricœur’s double approach proposing to think the attestation of the self following the Aristotelian notion of being-true and the capable man following the categories of actuality and potentiality. Underlining the fragmentary nature and the incompleteness of Ricœur’s analysis, he then explores a third way to speak about the being of the self following the category of relation, thus developing the idea of an underlying “ontology of the relation” implied by this hermeneutics of the self.
Experimental and Numerical Investigation of the Role of Grain Boundary Misorientation Angle on the Dislocation–Grain Boundary Interactions
Authors: Canadinc Demircan , Biyikli Emre , Niendorf Thomas , Maier Hans Jürgen 
Published: December 2010

AbstractThe role of grain boundary misorientation angles on the dislocation–grain boundary interactions was incorporated into a micro hardening scheme. The current formulation is applicable to both coarse‐ and ultrafine‐grained alloys, and evidences the experimentally observed dominant role of the misorientation angles on the deformation response of the latter.
A Novel Strategy for the Design of Advanced Engineering Alloys—Strengthening Turbine Disk Superalloys via Twinning Structures
Authors: Yuan Yong , Gu Yuefeng , Cui Chuanyong , Osada Toshio , Yokokawa Tadaharu , Harada Hiroshi 
Published: December 2010

AbstractA novel strategy for designing advanced engineering superalloys using twin structure is presented. By inducing numerous annealing and deformation twins, a new advanced polycrystalline Ni–Co‐base superalloy (TMW‐4M3 alloy) has been developed, which has low stacking fault energy, enhanced tensile and creep strength without degrading other mechanical properties such as low cycle fatigue and crack growth resistance. Based on TEM analysis, the twin strengthening mechanism is proposed.
Microtomography and Creep Modeling of a Short Fiber Reinforced Aluminum Piston Alloy
Authors: Marks Esteban , Requena Guillermo , Degischer Hans‐Peter , Boller Elodie 
Published: December 2010

AbstractInterconnectivity between eutectic silicon and short fibers in an AlSi12CuNiMg/Al2O3/15s composite increases with long‐term creep exposure time due to diffusion. It is also observed that the stationary creep rate decreases significantly compared to the initial stationary creep rate. Interconnectivity between rigid phases is analyzed and three‐dimensional statistical functions are applied to deduce the representative volume elements of the composite in different conditions. Unit cell geometrical models are generated to simulate the stationary creep behavior using the finite element method.
Recrystallization and Grain Growth in Ultrafine‐Grained Materials Produced by High Pressure Torsion
Authors: Khorashadizadeh Anahita , Raabe Dierk , Winning Myrjam , Pippan Reinhard 
Published: December 2010

AbstractUltrafine‐grained (UFG) materials processed by severe plastic deformation are known to exhibit good mechanical properties. Much about the annealing behavior of such materials is still unknown, and this work aims to provide a better understanding of the thermal properties of UFG materials. For this purpose a Cu–0.17 wt%Zr alloy was subjected to high pressure torsion (HPT) with a maximal pressure of 4.8 GPa at room temperature. The microstructures of the specimens were characterized using electron back scatter (EBSD) measurements, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and hardness measurements. During annealing of the samples, dispersoids were formed which improved the thermal stability of the alloy. At higher strain levels the fraction of high angle grain boundaries (HAGBs) increased above 70% of the total grain boundaries.
Production of Ultrafine Grained AlMnFe Samples by Confined Channel Die Pressing as Compared to Equal Channel Angular Pressing
Authors: Berghammer Rolf , Hu Weiping , Hasani Arman , Gottstein Günter 
Published: December 2010

AbstractUltrafine grained material was produced by equal channel angular pressing and confined channel die pressing. Microstructure and mechanical properties of the obtained samples were compared. The different effects on microstructure evolution and mechanical properties from both processes are discussed.
In Situ Diffraction Experiments for the Investigation of Phase Fractions and Ordering Temperatures in Ti‐44 at% Al‐(3‐7) at% Mo Alloys
Authors: Schmoelzer Thomas , Mayer Svea , Sailer Christian , Haupt Frank , Güther Volker , Staron Peter , Liss Klaus‐Dieter , Clemens Helmut 
Published: December 2010

AbstractBeing a strong β stabilizer, Mo has gained importance as an alloying element for so‐called β/γ‐TiAl alloys. Intermetallic TiAl‐based alloys which contain a significant volume fraction of the body‐centered cubic β‐phase at elevated temperatures have proven to exhibit good processing characteristics during hot‐working. Unfortunately, the effect of Mo on the appearing phases and their temperature dependence is not well known. In this work, sections of the Ti‐Al‐Mo ternary phase diagram derived from thermodynamic calculations as well as experimental data are presented. The phase transition temperatures stated in these phase diagrams are compared with the results of high‐temperature diffraction studies using high‐energy synchrotron radiation. Additionally, the disordering temperature of the βo‐phase is determined.
Investigation of the Effects of Different Types of Investments on the Alpha‐Case Layer of Ti6Al7Nb Castings
Authors: Altindis Mustafa , Hagemann Katrin , Polaczek Andreas Bührig‐ , Krupp Ulrich 
Published: December 2010

AbstractThe effects of four different types of investment on the alpha‐case layer of Ti6Al7Nb (Ti67) castings are summarized. The formation mechanism of the alpha‐case layer is investigated. Four different investment materials are compared. The alpha‐case layers on castings produced with Invest‐TiT, Al2O3, and ZrSiO4‐based investments comprise an oxide layer, an alloy layer, and a hardening layer, and are not only formed by interstitial oxygen but also by substitutional elements dissolved from mould materials. The Y2O3‐based investment material provides the most‐reliable choice for the production of titanium castings and is beneficial for the casting of Ti67 because of no alpha‐case formation.
Gas dispersion in air‐lift reactors: Contribution of the turbulent part of the added mass force
Authors: Ali Rahmani Mohamed , Jamel Chahed , Ghazi Bellakhal , Line Alain 
Published: December 2010

AbstractGas dispersion in an airlift reactor focusing on the closure law on turbulent contribution of added mass is presented. A data bank for bubbly flow in an airlift reactor is presented. The liquid velocity is measured by hot film anemometry and gas fraction and velocity are measured with an optical probe. The sensitivity of numerical simulations of gas dispersion to the modeling of turbulent contribution of added mass is shown. Without the turbulent contribution, the bubbles move toward the region where the turbulence is high and the pressure is low. When the turbulent contribution is introduced, the bubble migration towards the low pressure region is counter‐balanced and the void fraction profile is significantly modified. The modeling of the turbulent contribution of added mass is expressed in terms of the turbulent correlations in the gas phase, uGi′uGj′, that can be related to the Reynolds stress in the liquid phase, ui′uj′. © 2011 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2011
One‐dimensional single rising bubble at low Reynolds numbers: solution of equation of motion by differential transformation method
Authors: Jalaal M. , Ghafoori S. , Motevalli M. , Nejad M. G. , Ganji D. D. 
Published: December 2010

ABSTRACTThe behavior of ascending bubbles is of fundamental importance for understanding many natural and artificial phenomena. In this study, the unsteady motion of a single spherical air bubble rising in a stationary viscous liquid has been studied for low Reynolds numbers. Bubble rising under the in?uence of gravitational force is one of the most common gas–liquid flow phenomena. Understanding the dynamic interaction between the phases is an important key for the design and operation of industrial applications. A particular instance of this situation occurs in gas–liquid column reactors. The equation of motion included an additional mass term and neglected the Basset term. An exact solution is derived for instantaneous velocity using a series‐based technique, called the differential transformation method (DTM), and the acceleration and position of the bubble were determined. A general solution of the equation was obtained, and also for several practical conditions with air as the gas phase and glycerin solutions of different concentrations as liquid phase. The results obtained demonstrate the effectiveness of using DTM and promote a new application of this powerful analytical tool for solving nonlinear problems in two‐phase flows. Copyright © 2010 Curtin University of Technology and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Study on biodiesel from cotton seed oil by using heterogeneous super acid catalyst SO42−/ZrO2
Authors: Niu Lei , Gao Lijing , Xiao Guomin , Fu Baosong 
Published: December 2010

ABSTRACTBiodiesel has been drawing a great deal of attention on account of its special environment friendly and fuel properties. However, the cost of biodiesel production is still very high compared with that of traditional fossil fuels. In this study, a heterogeneous super acid catalyst and inedible oil were used to reduce the cost of raw materials. Biodiesel was obtained from cotton seed oil (CSO) and catalyzed by the super acid SO42−/ZrO2, which was prepared by impregnation and characterized by infrared spectroscopy, thermo‐gravimetric analysis (TGA) and X‐ray diffraction (XRD). Different operation parameters of the transesterification of CSO with methanol, such as methanol/oil molar ratio, catalyst amount and loaded mass ratio, reaction time and temperature, were investigated. Under the optimum conditions of methanol to CSO molar ratio of 9:1, 3.5 wt% fresh catalyst (loaded mass ratio is 0.841), 1 h reaction time and reaction temperature of 120 °C, a relatively high biodiesel yield of 98% was obtained. Copyright © 2010 Curtin University of Technology and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
One‐pot Synthesis of 5‐{[Bis(azolylmethylthio)]methylene}pyrimidine‐2,4,6‐(1H,3H,5H)‐triones
Authors: Padmavathi Venkatapuram , Reddy Guda Dinneswara , Venkatesh Bhumireddy Chinnachennaiahgari , Padmaja Adivireddy 
Published: December 2010

AbstractA new class of hitherto unknown trisheterocycles, bisoxadiazolyl/bisthiadiazolyl pyrimidinetriones/thioxopyrimidinediones was prepared in a one‐pot reaction and their antimicrobial activity was studied.