bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Navigating the complexity of detrital rutile provenance: methodological insights from the Neotethys Orogen in Anatolia
Authors: Mueller Megan A. , Licht Alexis , Möller Andreas , Condit Cailey B. , Fosdick Julie C. , Ocakoğlu Faruk , Campbell Clay 
Published: June 2024

Abstract. Sedimentary provenance is a powerful tool for reconstructing convergent margin evolution. However, single mineral approaches, like detrital zircon, have struggled to track sediment input from mafic and metamorphic sources. Detrital rutile complements detrital zircon datasets by offering a path forward in sedimentary provenance reconstructions where metamorphic terranes are potential source regions. However, U–Pb geochronology in rutile can be difficult due to low uranium concentrations and incorporation of common Pb, and multiple workflows are currently in use. Here, we investigate U–Pb and trace element data reduction, processing, and common Pb correction workflows using new detrital rutile U–Pb geochronology and trace element geochemistry results from the Late Cretaceous to Eocene Central Sakarya and Sarıcakaya basins in Anatolia. A significant number of analyses were rejected (54 %) due to signal intensity limitations, namely low U, low Pb, anomalous signal, and inclusions. We identify this as a universal limitation of large-n detrital rutile studies and recommend the systematic reporting of the amount of discarded analysis and the processes for rejection in all studies using detrital rutile U–Pb geochronology. Additionally, we show that (1) the 208Pb and 207Pb common Pb reduction schemes produce similar age distributions and can be used interchangeably, while (2) the Stacey–Kramers distance is a suitable metric for quantifying U–Pb discordance, but a discordance filter is not recommended. (3) Instead, filtering U–Pb data by a power law function based on the corrected date uncertainty is appropriate. (4) The exclusion of low uranium concentration rutile biases date distributions and favors pelitic-derived, higher Zr-in-rutile temperature, and higher U–Pb concordance grains. (5) Paired U–Pb and trace elements can be used to evaluate potential bias in U–Pb data rejection, which reveals that data rejection does not bias the provenance interpretations. Finally, (6) The signature of sediment recycling can be identified through U–Pb dates and Zr-in-rutile temperatures. To better navigate the complexity of detrital rutile datasets and to facilitate the standardization of data reporting approaches, we provide open-access code as Jupyter notebooks for data processing and analysis steps, including common Pb corrections, uncertainty filters, discordance calculations, and trace element analysis.
Gender Bias in AI
Authors: Çırtlık Burcu , Cosar Simten 
Published: June 2024

This work analyzes the gendered bias inherent in burgeoning Artificial Intelligence (AI) systems. Drawing from feminist scholarship on algorithmic bias, it argues that AI development reflects and amplifies existing patriarchal structures. The analysis highlights how AI applications, from chatbots reinforcing gendered stereotypes to art generators perpetuating a white male gaze, threaten to exacerbate social inequities
Pemerataan Pendidikan melalui Implementasi Kebijakan Sistem Zonasi di Sekolah SMAN 1 Hu’u dan SMK Negeri 1 Hu’u Kabupaten Dompu
Authors: Hajar Qurban , Nursidrati Nursidrati , Firmasyah Edi , Baharudin Baharudin , Awaluddin Rizka 
Published: June 2024

Tujuan dari dilakukannya penelitian ini untuk mengetahui bagaimana penerapan atau implementasi dari kebijakan sistem zonasi PPDB yang menjadi salah satu upaya dalam pemerataan pendidikan pada sekolah menengah atas di wilayah kecamatan Hu’u kabupaten Dompu. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu penelitian kualitatif deskriptif. Penelitian ini dilakukan di SMA Negeri 1 Hu’u dan SMK Negeri 1 Hu’u. Untuk memperoleh data yang diinginkan, peneliti melakukan observasi, wawancara dan studi dokumentasi. Dalam menganalisis data yang telah diperoleh, peneliti menggunakan model Miles dan Huberman yaitu mereduksi data, menyajikan data dan melakukan penarikan kesimpulan dengan triangulasi sumber dan triangulasi teknik sebagai uji keabsahan data. Hasil penelitian yang diperoleh adalah : 1) terpenuhinya enam variabel Van Meter dan Van Horn dalam implementasi kebijakan sistem zonasi yaitu sebagai berikut : a) Aturan Kepala Disdikpora tentang Juknis Pelaksanaan PPDB SMA/SMK Negeri menjadi standar dan tujuan dari implementasi kebijakan sistem zonasi PPDB SMA/SMK negeri. Namun, kebanyakan masyarakat ataupun wali murid kurang memahami isi peraturan tersebut. b) segala hal yang diperlukan dalam implementasi kebijakan ini sudah terpenuhi atau tercukupi melalui adanya panitia PPDB yaitu guru, karyawan dan OSIS, serta sarana prasarana yang mendukung; c) komunikasi antar pelaksana sistem zonasi PPDB di SMA Negeri 1 Hu’u dan SMK Negeri 1 Hu’u serta Disdikpora berjalan dengan lancar melalui adanyaa sosialisasi baik secara langsung maupun melalui grup whatsapp ataupun grup line; d) Dalam pengimplementasian sistem zonasi tidak semua berdasarkan zona daerah siswa, melainkan perengkingan dari hasil nilai UNBK; e) perlunya perbaikan dalam sistem zonasi; dan f) kondisi ekonomi di lingkungan SMA Negeri 1 Hu’u dan SMK Negeri 1 Hu’u rata-rata petani. 2) Dampak positif dari implementasi kebijakan sistem zonasi di SMA N 1 Hu’u dan SMK N 1 Hu’u yaitu input peserta didik pada sekolah tersebut merata dan meningkatnya motivasi belajar di sekolah favorit, sedangkan untuk dampak negatifnya yaitu bisa berpengaruh terhadap kehidupan sosial peserta didik dan kesenjangan sosial.
Banco de España Business Activity Survey: 2024 Q2
Authors: Fernández Cerezo Alejandro , Izquierdo Mario 
Published: June 2024

Rationale
The Banco de España Business Activity Survey (EBAE) provides highly valuable, real-time information on a broad sample of Spanish firms’ turnover, employment, costs and prices, and the constraints on their activity. This is particularly helpful for diagnosing current economic developments.
Takeaways
•Firms have perceived a pronounced increase in turnover in 2024 Q2, after reporting declines in the previous three quarters, although there continues to be high cross-sector heterogeneity.
•Inflationary pressures have eased in Q2, in terms of both the cost of inputs and selling prices and labour costs. Firms expect this easing of inflationary pressures to continue one year ahead.
•Business activity has benefited from a decrease in the adverse impact of the constraints, although concerns over labour shortages and economic policy uncertainty remain high.
CPRE En el diagnóstico y tratamiento de litiasis coledociana en pacientes de Venezuela
Authors: Castillo Arrieta Yhonny , Figueroa Castillo Frank José , Parra Rosargelis , Romero José Ignacio , Castillo Ayala Diego Alejandro , D’ammassa Ana María , Traviezo Valles Luis Eduardo 
Published: June 2024

Introducción. La escasa información reciente, en Venezuela, sobre la utilidad de la colangiopancreatografía retrógrada endoscópica (CPRE) para el diagnóstico y tratamiento de la litiasis coledociana, motivó el presente manuscrito. Metodología. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo transversal en 130 pacientes con edades comprendidas entre los 15 y 97 años, procedentes de 12 estados de Venezuela, a los cuales se les realizó la CPRE para el estudio de la litiasis coledociana como principal motivo de consulta. Resultados. 24 pacientes (18,5%) presentaron esta patología, diagnosticada posterior al CPRE, y de estos 24, diez pacientes ya venían con una impresión diagnostica de litiasis coledociana, mientras que los otros catorce presentaban una impresión diagnóstica menos precisa o distinta. Se pudo resolver 21 de las litiasis coledocianas abordadas, las otras tres fueron complejas e imposibles de resolver en este primer intento. Conclusión. La CPRE sigue siendo, en Venezuela, una importante herramienta en el diagnóstico y tratamiento de la litiasis coledociana.
Intentionnalité et spiritualité narratives dans Anne, ou quand prime le spirituel et Le Sang des autres de Simone de Beauvoir
Authors: Bodil Kalvik Liva 
Published: June 2024

Mon article porte sur la contradiction inhérente à la notion de spiritualité telle qu’elle apparaît dans les romans Le Sang des autres (1945) et Anne, ou quand prime le spirituel (1935/1979) de Simone de Beauvoir. Le spirituel est un élément constitutif du discours romanesque de Beauvoir, partagé entre « pure philosophie » et fiction. Pour interpréter dans ces récits l’évolution spirituelle des personnages principaux, j’aurai recours à la théorie de Mikhaïl Bakhtine sur l’esthétique du héros romanesque, ainsi qu’aux propos philosophiques du Deuxième Sexe (1949). Ces textes me serviront à illustrer la diversité de la poétique phénoménologique de Beauvoir, laquelle est surtout une poétique de l’ambiguïté liée au choix : dans Le Sang des autres et Anne, ou quand prime le spirituel, Beauvoir met en scène la notion de choix à travers ses protagonistes, qui se distinguent les uns des autres notamment sur la question de savoir s’il faut accepter ou non une morale de l’ambiguïté.
Immotum atque insuperabile fatum : autour de l’Énéide de la fin des Métamorphoses
Authors: Clément-Tarantino Séverine 
Published: June 2024

La façon dont Ovide, dans son remake de la prophétie de Jupiter à la fin des Métamorphoses, tend à identifier l’Énéide à un fatum immuable pour réserver ensuite à son œuvre les « libertés » de la fama, incite à réfléchir sur l’appropriation à laquelle l’épopée de Virgile est soumise dans la séquence. Si l’on reconsidère, dans l’Énéide, le fonctionnement métadiégétique de la fama et des fata, l’on se rend compte que la première n’est pas aussi libre qu’il pourrait le sembler, et que les seconds ne sont peutêtre pas aussi immota qu’Ovide (après Jupiter et Junon chez Virgile) peut le prétendre. La « trahison » d’Ovide est néanmoins atténuée, en particulier par le fait que son Jupiter pointe le « déplacement » le plus conséquent des fata de l’Énéide : la transformation de la « grande guerre » qui attendait Énée au Latium en réitération de la guerre civile (du gendre et du beau-père), enrobée d’une réitération de la guerre de Troie.
Determining Optimum Plant Growth Regulator Application Rates in Response to Fruiting Structure and Flower Bud Removal
Authors: Samples Chase , Dodds Darrin , Catchot Angus , Golden Bobby , Gore Jeffrey , Varco Jac 
Published: June 2024

Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum [L.]) yield is dependent on retention of first position bolls on lower sympodial branches; however, fruiting forms can abscise due to a multitude of physiological stresses or insect feeding. Fruit loss results in taller plants as energy devoted to fruit production is redirected to vegetative growth. Plant growth regulator (PGR) use has become common in cotton production systems in the U.S. PGR applications have been shown to reduce plant height; however, yield responses due to PGR application are variable. Due to insect pressure associated with the mid-southern growing region, a better understanding of PGR management is needed in the presence of fruit loss during the floral period of cotton. Field research was conducted in 2012 and 2013 at four locations in Mississippi. Flower bud and fruiting structures were hand removed at first bloom at the following rates: 0, 50 and 100%. Mepiquat pentaborate was applied immediately after flower bud or fruiting structure removal at the following application rates: 0.06, 0.11, 0.17, and 0.23 kg ai ha-1. An untreated check was included for comparison purposes. As the level of flower bud and fruiting structure removal increased, plant height, number of mainstem nodes, and nodes above the cracked boll also increased. Lint yield was similar when comparing the untreated and the 50% removal rate; with both yielding significantly greater than the 100% removal rate. Generally, as PGR application rate increased, plant height, number of mainstem nodes, and nodes above cracked boll decreased.
Battery Condenser System Particulate Emission Factors for Cotton Gins: Particle Size Distribution Characteristics
Authors: Whitelock Derek , Buser Michael , Boykin Clif , Holt Gregory 
Published: June 2024

This report is part of a project to characterize cotton gin emissions from the standpoint of total particulate stack sampling and particle size analyses. In 2006 and again in 2013, the United States (U.S.) Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) published a more stringent National Ambient Air Quality Standard for particulate matter with nominal diameter less than or equal to 2.5 µm (PM2.5). This created an urgent need to collect additional cotton gin emissions data to address current regulatory issues, because EPA AP-42 cotton gin PM2.5 emission factors were limited. In addition, current EPA AP-42 emission factor quality ratings for cotton gin PM10 (particulate matter with nominal diameter less than or equal to 10 µm) data are questionable, being extremely low. The objective of this study was to characterize particulate emissions for battery condenser systems from cotton gins across the cotton belt based on particle size distribution analysis of total particulate samples from EPA-approved stack sampling methods. Average measured PM2.5, PM6, and PM10 emission factors based on the mass and particle size analyses of EPA Method 17 total particulate filter and wash samples from six gins (17 total test runs) were 0.00036 kg/227-kg bale (0.00078 lb/500-lb bale), 0.0042 kg/bale (0.0093 lb/bale), and 0.0078 kg/bale (0.017 lb/bale), respectively. The battery condenser system particle size distributions were characterized by an average mass median diameter of 24.5 µm (aerodynamic equivalent diameter). Based on system average emission factors, the ratio of PM2.5 to total particulate was 1.11%, PM6 to total particulate was 13.2%, and PM10 to total particulate was 24.3%.
Cotton Half-Seed Selection Strategy for Gossypol and Its Plus Isomer
Authors: Scheffler Jodi , Dowd Michael , Romano Gabriela , Pelitire Scott 
Published: June 2024

Successful breeding programs optimize time and resources to produce elite lines. Selecting individual plants in the F2 generation is an efficient strategy if the trait is highly heritable and nondestructive methods exist to analyze the seed. Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) seed has limited uses because of gossypol, a toxic compound found in the seed. Gossypol exists in two enantiomeric forms with the (+) less toxic than the (−) form. Reducing gossypol or increasing the (+) enantiomer in the seed would increase the amount that could be fed to livestock, chicken, or fish. Rapid, cost-effective methods were developed to measure (+) and (−) gossypol in the cotyledon (chalazal) half of a seed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) on a reduced scale. Techniques were also developed to propagate the embryo (micropylar) half of the seed. The techniques were used to develop elite lines with varied gossypol levels produced one year earlier than possible with more conventional breeding strategies. The half-seed methods combined with a modified HPLC gossypol assay provided a simple, cost-effective method to breed for modified gossypol content and enantiomer composition. These methods can be combined with other testing or evaluation techniques to further optimize selection efficiency.
Salinity Responses of Selected Introgressed Cotton Lines Grown in Two Soils from Organic and Conventional Cotton Production
Authors: Barrick Brian , Steiner Robert , Picchioni Geno , Ulrey April , Zhang Jinfa 
Published: June 2024

Cotton yield is adversely affected by various stresses including salinity. Genetic variation in salt tolerance is often evaluated in potting soil media irrigated with saline solutions but not a field soil. This study evaluated the efficacy of screening four introgressed Upland genotypes from a backcross Gossypium hirsutum L. × G. barbadense L. inbred line population grown in two soils, i.e., an organic farm loam soil or a conventional farm clay soil. The genotypes were treated with NaCl for three wk at concentrations of 0 or 200 mM starting at the second true leaf stage. Chlorophyll content and fluorescence, plant height, leaf length, main stem node number and internode length, shoot biomass, and number of fruiting sites at three, six and nine week intervals (WT) were measured. Significant genotypic variation at three and six WT was observed, suggesting that salt tolerance screening in early cotton establishment is optimal. The salt treatment had negative effects on all growth traits except chlorophyll content and fluorescence. The organic farm loam soil amended with dairy manure had higher pre-treatment salinity content than the conventional farm clay, resulting in greater initial growth suppression at zero WT. However, the manure-amended soil showed less reduction in vegetative and reproductive growth after more prolonged salt treatment, suggesting that more scrutiny may be needed in soils treated with carbon-based fertilizers. The lack of genotype by soil or treatment interactions suggests that soil type had little bearing in screening cotton genotypes for salt tolerance and that control (non-saline) treatments may not be needed for cotton salt tolerance screening. Finally, this pot study demonstrates that three to six weeks of salt treatments after the second true leaf stage is an adequate duration of time to screen for cotton salt tolerance.
Survey of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. vasinfectum in the United States
Authors: Cianchetta Amanda , Allen Tom , Hutchmaker Robert , Kemerait Robert , Kirkpatrick Terrance , Lawrence Gary , Lawrence Kathy , Mueller John , Nichols Robert , Olsen Mary , Overstreet Charles , Woodward Jason , Davis R.M. 
Published: June 2024

Fusarium wilt is an important and widespread disease of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L. and Gossypium barbadense L.) caused by several races and genotypes of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. vasinfectum W.C. Snyder & H.N. Hans (FOV). A two-year survey (2012-2013) was conducted to assess the distribution of the fungus, and in particular FOV race 4, throughout the United States (U.S.) Cotton Belt. Partial sequences of the translation elongation factor (EF-1α) region of FOV cultured from symptomatic cotton plants were compared to a database of sequences of known genotypes. Five nominal races of FOV, races 1, 2, 3, 4, and 8, and four previously recognized southeastern genotypes, LA108, LA110, LA112, and LA127/140, were identified. Representative isolates of each were pathogenic on cotton in greenhouse assays. A unique genotype of FOV, MDS-12, which was characterized with additional sequencing of the phosphate permease-like protein, β-tubulin, and intergenic spacer regions, was identified in Alabama, Arkansas, Mississippi, Louisiana, and Georgia. FOV race 4 was not detected outside of California.
First Stage Seed-Cotton Cleaning System Particulate Emission Factors for Cotton Gins: Particle Size Distribution Characteristics
Authors: Whitelock Derek , Boyer Michael , Boykin Clif , Holt Gregory 
Published: June 2024

This report is part of a project to characterize cotton gin emissions from the standpoint of total particulate stack sampling and particle size analyses. In 2006 and again in 2013, the United States (U.S.) Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) published a more stringent National Ambient Air Quality Standard for particulate matter with nominal diameter less than or equal to 2.5 µm (PM2.5). This created an urgent need to collect additional cotton gin emissions data to address current regulatory issues, because EPA AP-42 cotton gin PM2.5 emission factors were limited. In addition, current EPA AP-42 emission factor quality ratings for cotton gin PM10 (particulate matter with nominal diameter less than or equal to 10 µm) data are questionable, being extremely low. The objective of this study was to characterize particulate emissions for 1st stage seed-cotton cleaning systems from cotton gins across the cotton belt based on particle size distribution analysis of total particulate samples from EPA-approved stack sampling methods. Average measured PM2.5, PM6, and PM10 emission factors based on the mass and particle size analyses of EPA Method 17 total particulate filter and wash samples from seven gins (18 total test runs) were 0.0045 kg/227-kg bale (0.010 lb/500-lb bale), 0.042 kg/bale (0.092 lb/bale), and 0.072 kg/bale (0.159 lb/bale), respectively. The 1st stage seed-cotton cleaning system particle size distributions were characterized by an average mass median diameter of 10.7 µm (aerodynamic equivalent diameter). Based on system average emission factors, the ratio of PM2.5 to total particulate was 2.99%, PM6 to total particulate was 27.5%, and PM10 to total particulate was 47.5%.
Eficacia de la aplicación del régimen jurídico de las medidas cautelares constitucionales: Análisis a partir del caso de Jorge Glas
Authors: Corrales Andrea 
Published: June 2024

El presente artículo expone la eficacia de la aplicación del régimen jurídico de las medidas cautelares constitucionales: análisis a partir del caso de Jorge Glas. Ecuador, al ser un estado constitucional, de derechos y justicia, establece varias garantías y métodos, alguno de ellos, a fin de garantizar; otros, evitar o cesar la vulneración de derechos, verbigracia, medidas cautelares. El artículo 87 de la Constitución establece que las medidas cautelares son mecanismos provisionales que pueden ser activados de manera autónoma y conjunta, con el objetivo de prevenir, impedir o evitar la transgresión de un derecho que aún no se encuentra vulnerado, sino que exista una probabilidad de sufrir un daño grave. La investigación inicia con el estudio de la literatura especializada, doctrina y de las reglas jurisprudenciales para delimitar la finalidad, la naturaleza, los requisitos de aplicación y pertinencia, parámetros específicos de las medidas cautelares constitucionales. Se identificará los hechos, los argumentos de la motivación y la normativa aplicable, a través del análisis de la resolución, emitida por el Juez de la Unidad Penal del Cantón Santo Domingo, que concede la libertad al señor Jorge David Glas Espinel, ex vicepresidente del Ecuador, por medio de la aplicación de una medida cautelar.