bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Self‐care competence in the case of Brazilian patients with diabetes mellitus in a multiprofessional educational programme
Authors: Landim Camila AP , Zanetti Maria L , Santos Manoel A , Andrade Thiago AM , Teixeira Carla RS 
Published: October 2011

Aim.  To compare self‐care competencies in the physical, cognitive and emotional and motivational dimensions of patients with diabetes mellitus before and after participation in an educational programme.Background.  Diabetes mellitus is mainly characterised by a dysfunction of glucose metabolism. The growth of diabetes mellitus as a chronic condition requires continuous management and requires health services to implement care strategies. Diabetes education and self‐care competence have been recognised over the last few decades as essential for patients with diabetes mellitus to achieve positive treatment results.Design.  A prospective, comparative study was used.Methods.  A total of patients with 43 diabetes mellitus participated in this study, before and after a four‐month educational programme on diabetes held in Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil in 2009. Data were collected through the Scale to Identify diabetes mellitus Patients’ Self‐Care Competence [Escala para Identificação da Competência do Portador de diabetes mellitus para o Autocuidado] at two points in time: at the beginning (T1) and at the end (T2) of the programme. Linear mixed effects models were used (p < 0·05) in the analysis.Results.  Statistically significant differences were not found in relation to physical competence in the comparison between T1 and T2. Statistically significant differences were found in the comparison of cognitive and emotional and motivational competencies, respectively, between T1 and T2.Conclusion.  The scores related to cognitive and emotional and motivational competencies for self‐care presented statistically significant differences between T1 and T2.Relevance to clinical practice.  The educational activities implemented in the educational programme favoured improved cognitive, emotional and motivational competence for the incorporation of positive self‐care actions.
Studies on mechanisms for enhanced clearance of low‐density lipoproteins in patients with primary hypertriglyceridaemia
Authors: VEGA G. L. , GRUNDY S. M. 
Published: October 2011

Abstract Vega GL, Grundy SM (Center for Human Nutrition and Departments of Clinical Nutrition, Internal Medicine and Biochemistry. University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, and Veterans Administration Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA). Studies on mechanisms for enhanced clearance of low‐density lipoproteins in patients with primary hypertriglyceridaemia.Patients with primary hypertriglyceridaemia usually have increased clearance rates for plasma low‐density lipoproteins (LDL). To evaluate the mechanisms for this effect, simultaneous turnover rates for autologous and normal homologous LDL were determined in 12 patients with primary hypertriglyceridaemia. On average, the autologous LDL was cleared more rapidly than the normal homologous LDL. Fractional catabolic rates (FCRs) for autologous LDL averaged 0.61 ± 0.06(SEM) pools d−1, whereas FCRs for homologous LDL averaged 0.49 ± 0.04 pools d−1. In eight of the 12 patients the FCRs for ‘hypertriglyceridaemic’ LDL were found to be significantly higher than for normal LDL; in four others both forms of LDL were cleared at essentially the same rate. In all cases, however, both for the normal and ‘hypertriglyceridaemic’ LDL, clearance rates were higher than normal. Thus, besides the variability in LDL affinity for removal pathways, hypertriglyceridaemic patients appear to have an increased availability of LDL receptors for removal of circulating LDL.
Addition of non‐pharmacological methods of treatment in patients on antihypertensive drugs: results of previous medication, laboratory tests and life quality
Authors: ÅBERG H. , TIBBLIN G. 
Published: October 2011

AbstractÅberg H, Tibblin G (Department of Family Medicine. University Hospital, University of Uppsala, Uppsala, Sweden). Addition of non‐pharmacological methods of treatment in patients on antihypertensive drugs: results of previous medication, laboratory tests and life quality.Four hundred patients from eight health centres were recruited for this 2‐year study on the possible replacement of antihypertensive drugs by non‐pharmacological therapy. All the patients were given a device to measure their blood pressure at home and had monthly checks at a health centre. Two hundred patients on antihypertensive drugs (G1) started additional non‐pharmacological therapy after 1 year in the study, while the rest (G2) had used it from the beginning. Antihypertensive drugs were withdrawn according to predetermined criteria.The drop‐out rate was 1.5% each year. Medication was withdrawn completely from 42.7% of G1, and in 21.5% it was withheld for at least 18 months. The corresponding figures for G2 were 46.4% and 25.5% respectively. Most of the medication withdrawal in G1 occurred during the first year, when the group's management consisted solely of blood pressure measurements at home and frequent visits to the health centre. Serum triglycerides decreased on non‐pharmacological treatment in both sexes in both groups. Life quality improved, particularly for the group (n= 173) that had the drugs withdrawn.
Fulminant severe retinopathy in a newly diagnosed diabetic without risk factors
Authors: O'MAHONY D. , FERRISS J. B. , PERRY I. 
Published: October 2011

Abstract O'Mahony D, Ferriss JB, Perry I (Department of Medicine, Regional Hospital. Wilton, Cork, Ireland). Fulminant severe retinopathy in a newly diagnosed diabetic without risk factors.The authors describe a 26‐year‐old female developing severe proliferative retinopathy within 2 weeks of diagnosis of insulin‐dependent diabetes mellitus. The patient presented with profound diabetic ketoacidosis, but had no other risk factors for retinopathy. She had marked bilateral myopia which did not protect her from retinopathy. Nine months after diagnosis of diabetes, she has profound visual impairment despite correction for myopia, and has also developed marked autonomic neuropathy and diabetic nephropathy.
Nephropathy is delayed by intensified insulin treatment in patients with insulin‐dependent diabetes mellitus and retinopathy*
Authors: REICHARD P. , ROSENQVIST U. 
Published: October 2011

Abstract Reichard P, Rosenqvist U (Department of Internal Medicine II, The Southern Hospital, and Stockholm County Council Teaching Centre for Diabetes (LUCD). Stockholm, Sweden). Nephropathy is delayed by intensified insulin treatment in patients with insulin‐dependent diabetes mellitus and retinopathy.Patients with insulin‐dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and non‐proliferative retinopathy were randomized to intensified conventional insulin treatment (ICT, n = 44) or regular treatment (RT, n = 51).During a 3‐year period the glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c) levels were reduced to a greater extent (P = 0.00001) in the ICT group (from 9.5 ± 0.2 to 7.4%, P = 0.0001) than in the RT group (9.4 ± 0.2 to 9.0 ± 0.2. P = 0.004).The urinary albumin excretion rate (UAER) increased significantly (P = 0.033) in the RT group but not in the ICT group, and the UAER differed significantly (P = 0.031) between the groups after 3 years.The mean HbA1c values during the study period independently influenced the deterioration of UAER levels (P = 0.029). Initial diastolic blood pressure (P = 0.112). the HbA1c value at entry (P = 0.480) and the smoking habits (P = 0.959) were not related to change of UAER levels.Manifest nephropathy after 3 years was seen almost exclusively in patients with HbA1c levels above 9%. Improved blood glucose control, without ‘near normoglycaemia’, delayed the progression of nephropathy in patients with IDDM and retinopathy.
Response to erythropoietin in anaemic haemodialysis patients
Authors: NIELSEN O. J. , THAYSEN J. H. 
Published: October 2011

Abstract Nielsen OJ, Thaysen JH (Medical Department P, Division of Nephrology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark). Response to erythropoietin in anaemic haemodialysis patients.An open non‐randomized clinical trial with recombinant human erythropoietin (rhEpo) was conducted in 10 chronic haemodialysis patients with considerable iron overload. Pretreatment serum erythropoietin levels were significantly decreased for the degree of anaemia (22.0 ± 7.6 mUnits (U) ml−1).Initially all patients received 120 U kg−1 of rhEpo intravenously three times a week and after a period of 45 days the haematocrit rose from 25 ± 3 to 36 ± 5. A reduced dose of 30 U kg−1 was then instituted which stabilized the haematocrit at this level.The development of anti‐erythropoietin antibodies to rhEpo could not be demonstrated. Endogenous serum erythropoietin levels remained unchanged during therapy with rhEpo. The serum ferritin concentration, which was initially 3118 ± 1556 μg l−1. was significantly reduced to 2203 ± 1299 μg l −1 after an 80‐d treatment period.The side‐effects in three patients included the occasional sensation of increased body heat without fever. In one previously hypertensive patient the antihypertensive therapy had to be temporarily increased, but otherwise both the mean diastolic and systolic blood pressure remained constant during the observation period. No clotting of arteriovenous fistulas occurred.
Clinical relevance of pedal pulse palpation in patients suspected of peripheral arterial insufficiency
Authors: CHRISTENSEN J. H. , FREUNDLICH M. , JACOBSEN B. A. , FALSTIE‐JENSEN N. 
Published: October 2011

Abstract Christensen JH, Freundlich M, Jacobsen BA, Falstie‐Jensen N (Department of Clinical Physiology, Aalborg Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark). Clinical relevance of pedal pulse palpation in patients suspected of peripheral arterial insufficiency.Previous studies in patients with peripheral arterial disease (PAD) have shown that the prognosis is relatively good when the distal systolic ankle index (ankle systolic pressure/arm systolic pressure) is above 50% and the distal toe systolic pressure is above 40 mmHg. In 132 patients suspected of PAD in the legs we investigated the relationship between the presence of pedal pulse and the distal systolic pressure in order to discover what diagnostic and prognostic information could be found from pulse palpation alone. The prospective study consisted of three consecutive series (A, 51 patients: B, 42 patients: and C, 39 patients); three of the authors palpated the arteries of the patients’ feet: one author in each series. The palpatory findings were related to the distal systolic pressures. When pedal pulses were present we found: (a) ankle indices above 50%: and (b) toe systolic pressures above 40 mmHg. These minimal pressure values were reproducible in the three series. Furthermore, patients lacking palpable pulses in both feet had ankle indices below 90%. We conclude: (a) if pulses are palpable on both feet of a patient the prognosis for progression is relatively good regarding the patient's PAD; (b) if pedal pulse is palpable an arteriosclerotic ulcer on the foot will heal; and (c) patients lacking palpable pulses in both feet actually suffer from PAD.
Coffee and tea consumption, dietary fat intake and serum cholesterol concentration of Finnish men and women
Authors: ARO A. , PIETINEN P. , UUSITALO U. , TUOMILEHTO J. 
Published: October 2011

Abstract Aro A. Pietinen P, Uusitalo U, Tuomilehto J (Departments of Biochemistry and Epidemiology. National Public Health Institute. Helsinki, Finland). Coffee and tea consumption, dietary fat intake and serum cholesterol concentration in Finnish men and women.The association between the consumption of coffee and tea and serum cholesterol concentration was studied in a population sample of 653 men and 695 women from east and south‐west Finland. Cholesterol and high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol were determined from fresh serum samples. Smoking and the intake of coffee, tea and alcohol were assessed by a questionnaire, and nutrient intake was determined from 3‐day food records. Serum cholesterol and non‐HDL cholesterol showed a positive and linear association with coffee consumption in men. In women, no such significant linear association was evident, although the highest mean serum cholesterol levels were found in subjects consuming seven to nine cups of coffee daily. Both in men and in women coffee consumption was positively associated with smoking and the intake of saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids and cholesterol. Serum cholesterol values, adjusted for age, body mass index, smoking, dietary cholesterol, fatty acids, alcohol and physical activity, showed a significant linear association with coffee consumption in men but not in women. Although coffee consumption and high intake of saturated fatty acids and cholesterol were related both in men and in women, adjustment for dietary and other confounding factors did not remove the association between coffee consumption and serum cholesterol concentration in men.
Can villous atrophy be induced by chronic alcohol consumption?
Authors: SJÖLUND K. , PERSSON J. , BERGMAN L. 
Published: October 2011

Abstract Sjölund K, Persson J, Bergman L (Departments of Internal Medicine and Surgery, Central Hospital, Karlstad, Sweden). Can villous atrophy be induced by chronic alcohol consumption?A 43‐year‐old man presented with loose stools, abdominal pain and a weight loss of 15 kg. Investigations revealed a pancreatic insufficiency and an enteropathy with villous atrophy. Coeliaki was suspected. In spite of treatment with a gluten‐free diet in hospital the patient did not improve and the villous atrophy remained unchanged. Other causes than coeliaki to villous atrophy were ruled out. The patient had a heavy consumption of alcohol and after prolonged abstinence the patient gained weight, the pain disappeared and the stools were normalized. The jejunal biopsy was now normal. This case report raises the possibility that enteropathy and villous atrophy may be causally related to alcohol overconsumption.
Abrupt change from a β‐adrenoceptor blocking drug to enalapril in hypertension*
Authors: LILJA M. , IKÄHEIMO M. , JUUSTILA H. , PIRTTIAHO H. , PAKARINEN A. , LEPPÄLUOTO J. , JOUNELA A.J. , RUSKOAHO H. 
Published: October 2011

Abstract Lilja M, Ikäheimo M, Juustila H, Pirttiaho H, Pakarinen A, Leppäluoto J, Jounela AJ, Ruskoaho H (Departments of Medicine, Clinical Chemistry. Physiology and Pharmacology. University of Oulu, Oulu. Finland). Abrupt change from a β‐adrenoceptor blocking drug to enalapril in hypertension.The haemodynamic and hormonal effects of an elective change of antihypertensive therapy from a β‐adrenoceptor blocking drug to a converting enzyme inhibitor, enalapril, were monitored in 12 hypertensive in‐patients (WHO I). Blood pressure and heart rate were determined every 2–4 h using an automatic sphygmomanometer during an abrupt cessation of the previous β‐adrenoceptor blocking drug and commencement of treatment with enalapril 20 mg o.d. 12 h later. Mean blood pressure values at rest and during the hand grip test were lower when on enalapril, but heart rate was significantly higher, and three patients suffered from palpitations during the change. The change resulted in an improvement in cardiac function both at rest and during isometric work, as shown by echocardiography. A rapid decrease in plasma angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) activity and an increase in renin activity were also seen after the change, while plasma levels of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) decreased towards normal values. The results suggest that an abrupt change from a chronic β‐adrenoceptor blocking drug to enalapril is safe, feasible and is likely to produce favourable haemodynamic and hormonal effects in hypertensive patients.
Serum and urinary phosphate during and after prolonged muscular ischaemia in non‐exercising men and women
Authors: ANDERSEN P. T. , NIELSEN L. K. , HANSEN A. K. , TOFT E. , JENSEN B. V. 
Published: October 2011

Abstract Andersen PT, Nielsen LK, Hansen AK, Toft E. Jensen BV (Departments of Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, Medicine C. and Cardiology. Aalborg Sygehus, Aalborg. Denmark). Serum and urinary phosphate during and after prolonged muscular ischaemia in non‐exercising men and women.Serum inorganic phosphate (Pi) concentrations and urinary Pi excretions were measured in nine patients undergoing abdominal aortic bypass grafting (group I) and in nine patients undergoing lower limb arterial embolectomy (group II). In group I, serum Pi concentrations were normal until 24 h after reperfusion. when they decreased, reaching their nadir at 48 h (median Pt 0.45 mmol l−1). The urinary phosphate clearance relative to the creatinine clearance (Cp/Cc) increased 5 min after reperfusion reaching a maximal median value (0.454) in the 2–24‐h collection period. In group II. eight patients had a normal and one had a subnormal serum Pi before reperfusion. None developed hypo‐ or hyperphosphataemia and the Cp/Cc. remained unchanged. Daily urinary Pi excretion was higher in group I than in group II (P < 0.03).The authors concluded that the regional muscular ischaemia in non‐exercising men and women was not associated with hyperphosphataemia. The possible influence of major surgery and anaesthesia on phosphate homeostasis should be considered.
Plasma concentrations of calcitonin gene‐related peptide increase during haemodialysis: relation to blood pressure*
Authors: ODAR‐CEDERLÖF I. , THEODORSSON E. , ERIKSSON C.‐G. , KJELLSTRAND C. M. 
Published: October 2011

Abstract Odar‐Cederlöf I, Theodorsson E, Eriksson C‐G, Kjellstrand CM (Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine and Department of Clinical Chemistry, Karolinska Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden). Plasma concentrations of calcitonin gene‐related peptide increase during haemodialysis: relation to blood pressure.The authors measured the plasma levels of calcitonin gene‐related peptide (CGRP), the most potent vasodilatator known, during sequential ultrafiltration and haemodialysis in 12 patients using a radio‐immunoassay method. Mean plasma levels of CGRP were 70.3 ± 16.5 (mean ± SE) pmol l−1 at the start of treatment, it increased to 85.3 ± 17.6 pmol l−1 during ultrafiltration and to 114.5 ± 25.3 pmol l−1 during dialysis. Systolic blood pressure decreased during haemodialysis. Plasma levels of CGRP were negatively correlated to systolic blood pressure before and at the end of dialysis, and changes in plasma levels of CGRP were strongly correlated to changes in systolic blood pressure. The increase in CGRP levels was not correlated to the fluid removal, toxin removal or changes in osmolality.The increase in plasma levels of CGRP observed during dialysis may be an important cause of dialysis induced vasodilatation and fall in blood pressure.
Pronounced lowering of serum levels of lipoprotein Lp(a) in hyperlipidaemic subjects treated with nicotinic acid
Authors: CARLSON L. A. , HAMSTEN A. , ASPLUND A. 
Published: October 2011

Abstract Carlson LA, Hamsten A, Asplund A (King Gustaf V Research Institute and Department of Internal Medicine, Karolinska Institute and Karolinska Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden). Pronounced lowering of serum levels of lipoprotein Lp(a) in hyperlipidaemic subjects treated with nicotinic acid.Thirty‐one consecutive unselected hyperlipidaemic patients were treated daily with 4 g of nicotinic acid for 6 weeks. The concentrations in serum of lipoprotein Lp(a), and the major lipoprotein classes, were determined before and after the treatment. Nicotinic acid significantly reduced the serum levels of Lp(a) in the whole patient group. Linear regression analysis showed a strong negative relationship between the percentage reduction of Lp(a) and the serum triglyceride level before treatment (r = −0.78), which implied that for patients with a serum triglyceride concentration above 7.5 mmol l−1 there was a rise of Lp(a). The average individual percentage decrease of the concentration of Lp(a) was calculated after the exclusion of four patients who had serum triglyceride levels above 10 mmol l−1. The decrease was 38% with a 95% confidence interval of 28–47%. The absolute decrease of Lp(a) was correlated with the pretreatment levels of Lp(a) (r = 0.91). Within the whole group of patients there was a linear relationship between the percentage decrease of Lp(a) and that of LDL cholesterol (r = 0.88). This latter strong relationship might be due to an inhibition of the synthesis of the protein common to the two lipoproteins, apolipoprotein B.
Peripheral neuropathy, coagulopathy and nodular regenerative hyperplasia of the liver in a patient with multiple serologic auto‐antibody activities and IgM B‐cell lymphoma
Authors: ZUBER M. , GHERARDI R. , DEFER G. , GAULARD P. , DIVINE M. , ZAFRANI E. S. 
Published: October 2011

Abstract Zuber M, Gherardi R, Defer G, Gaulard P, Divine M, Zafrani ES (Service de Neurologie, Département de Pathologie Tissulaire et Cellulaire and Départment d'Hématologie Clinique, Hôpital Henri Mondor. Créteil. France). Peripheral neuropathy, coagulopathy and nodular regenerative hyperplasia of the liver in a patient with multiple serologic auto‐antibody activities and IgM B‐cell lymphoma.A patient with IgM‐secreting B‐cell lymphoma developed demyelinating peripheral neuropathy, nodular regenerative hyperplasia of the liver, coagulopathy, and terminal miliary lymphomatous spreading. Serologic auto‐antibody activities directed against myelin associated glycoprotein, prothrombinase complex (i.e. lupus anticoagulant) and smooth muscle cells were detected. It is suggested that there is a link between the IgM gammopathy, the immunological abnormalities and the various clinico‐pathological conditions.