bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigating psychobiological causes and mechanisms in functional seizures and functional motor symptoms: Study protocol
Authors: Pick Susannah , David Anthony S. , Edwards Mark J. , Goldstein Laura H. , Hodsoll John , Millman L. S. Merritt , Nicholson Timothy R. , Reinders A. A. T. S. , Stanton Biba , Winston Joel S. , Mehta Mitul A. , Chalder Trudie , Hotopf Matthew 
Published: June 2024

Introduction
Advances have been made in understanding the aetiology of functional neurological disorder (FND); however, its pathophysiological mechanisms have not been definitively demonstrated. Evidence suggests interacting roles for altered emotional processing and interoception, elevated autonomic arousal, and dissociation, but there is limited evidence demonstrating their causal influence on specific FND symptoms. Our superordinate aim is to elucidate potentially shared and distinct aetiological factors and mechanisms in two common FND subtypes, functional seizures (FS) and functional motor symptoms (FMS).

Methods
This study has a multimodal, mixed between- and within-groups design. The target sample is 50 individuals with FS, 50 with FMS, 50 clinical controls (anxiety/depression), and 50 healthy controls. Potential aetiological factors (e.g., adverse life events, physical/mental health symptoms, dissociative tendencies, interoceptive insight/sensibility) will be assessed with a detailed medical history interview and self-report questionnaires. A laboratory session will include a neurocognitive battery, psychophysiological testing, cardiac interoception and time estimation tasks and an isometric handgrip task. A subsample will undergo magnetic resonance imaging, including structural, resting-state and task-based scans combined with psychophysiological recording. Remote monitoring with ecological momentary assessment and wearables will measure variability in FND symptoms and their potential predictors/correlates for ≥2 weeks in patients’ daily lives. Longitudinal follow-ups at 3, 6, and 12-months will monitor longer-term outcomes in the clinical groups.

Discussion
This study employs multimodal research methods to rigorously examine several putative mechanisms in FND, at subjective/experiential, behavioural, and physiological levels. The study will test causal hypotheses about the role of altered emotional processing, autonomic arousal, dissociation and interoception in the initiation or exacerbation of FND symptoms, directly comparing these processes in FS and FMS to healthy and clinical controls. This is the first study of its kind, with potential to reveal important targets for prevention and treatment of FND in future.
Relationship between maternal consumption of fermented foods and the development of the offspring at the age of 3 years: The Japan Environment and Children’s Study
Authors: Hirai Hiroko , Tanaka Tomomi , Matsumura Kenta , Tsuchida Akiko , Hamazaki Kei , Adachi Yuichi , Inadera Hidekuni ,   the Japan Environment and Children’s Study Group
Published: June 2024

Background
It is well known that maternal diet affects the development of offspring. Herein, the relationship between maternal intake of fermented foods during pregnancy and offspring development was investigated.

Methods
The diet of 103,060 pregnant women at >4 months of gestation who were enrolled in the Japan Environment and Children’s Study was analyzed. Their intake levels of fermented soybeans (miso and natto), yogurt, and cheese were investigated. The developmental status of the offspring at 3 years of age was assessed using the Ages and Stages Questionnaires (ASQ-3). Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the risk of maternal intake levels of the fermented foods associated with subsequent developmental delay in the offspring.

Results
Intake of cheese was associated with a reduced risk of child developmental delay in all intake level groups from the second quartile onward. Intakes of miso and yogurt were associated with a reduced risk of developmental delay in communication skills in the fourth quartile. There was no association between intake of natto and developmental delay.

Conclusion
Maternal consumption of fermented foods during pregnancy may reduce the risk of later developmental delay in offspring. It is therefore important to review the mother’s diet for fermented foods during pregnancy. However, further studies are warranted to evaluate the factors influencing the association between diet and offspring development.
Association of frailty with adverse outcomes in surgically treated geriatric patients with hip fracture: A meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis
Authors: Dong Xiaomeng , Zhang Xiuguo , Hu Fang , Yang Shuhong , Hong Zengchao , Geng Qian 
Published: June 2024

Objective
Some studies have associated frailty and prognostic outcomes in geriatric hip fracture patients, but whether frailty can predict postoperative outcomes remains controversial. This review aims to assess the relationship between frailty and adverse postoperative outcomes in geriatric patients with hip fracture.

Methods
Based on electronic databases, including PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, the Cochrane Library, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure, and WanFang Data, we systematically searched for studies that investigated the association between frailty and adverse outcomes among patients aged 60 or over after hip fracture surgery. Stata 17.0 and Trial Sequential Analysis viewer software were used to obtain pooled estimates and verify whether the sample size was sufficient and the evidence robust.

Results
Twenty-one studies involving 49,196 patients were included for quantitative analysis. Compared with nonfrail patients, frail patients had a higher risk of inpatient mortality (risk ratio [RR] = 1.93, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.66–2.23), 30-day mortality (RR = 2.13, 95% CI: 1.23–3.70), and 1-year mortality (RR = 2.44, 95% CI: 1.47–4.04). Frailty can significantly predict postoperative complications (RR = 1.76, 95% CI: 1.38–2.23), including delirium, pneumonia, cardiac complications, urinary tract infection, and surgical site infection; the association between frailty and deep venous thrombosis/pulmonary embolism and acute kidney injury needs further analysis. Trial sequential analysis showed that the findings regarding mortality were reliable and robust.

Conclusion
This meta-analysis provides detailed information indicating that frailty is a substantial predictor of mortality and selected postoperative complications.
De-/Anti-/Post-colonial Feminisms in Contemporary Art and Textile Crafts, Katy Deepwell (ed.) (2023)
Authors: Hannigan Shelley 
Published: June 2024

Review of: De-/Anti-/Post-colonial Feminisms in Contemporary Art and Textile Crafts, Katy Deepwell (ed.) (2023)
London: KT Press, 184 pp.,
ISBN 978-0-99269-347-3, p/bk, £14.99
Inside Hong Kong’s Arts and Cultural Scene: Conversations with Hong Kong’s Leading Arts and Cultural Administrators, Educators, Producers, and Presenters, Patrick Lo, Rebekah Okpoti, Wei-En Hsu, Hermina G. B. Anghelescu and Dickson K. W. Chiu (2023)
Authors: Liu Yichang 
Published: June 2024

Review of: Inside Hong Kong’s Arts and Cultural Scene: Conversations with Hong Kong’s Leading Arts and Cultural Administrators, Educators, Producers, and Presenters, Patrick Lo, Rebekah Okpoti, Wei-En Hsu, Hermina G. B. Anghelescu and Dickson K. W. Chiu (2023)
New York: Nova Science Publishers, 379 pp.,
ISBN 979-8-89113-132-3, h/bk, $230 USD
Laju Pertumbuhan Dan Survival Rate Fragmen Karang Hias Echinopora lamellosa Secara In Situ Di Perairan Penginuman, Gilimanuk
Authors: Kurniawan Hertanto Dwi , Septiandi Adrian Rahman , Ardiansyah Anwan Rahmat , Damanik Gabriel Dala Bona Putra , . Riyanti 
Published: June 2024

Ekosistem terumbu karang memiliki nilai penting dalam kehidupan, baik dari segi ekologi maupun nilai ekonomi. Perairan Penginuman, Gilimanuk merupakan salah satu lokasi dengan kondisi terumbu karang yang buruk. Echinopora lamellosa merupakan spesies karang hias yang memiliki pertumbuhan cepat sehingga dapat digunakan dalam upaya pemulihan karang. Laju pertumbuhan karang dapat diukur dengan menghitung penambahan tinggi maupun luas areanya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui laju pertumbuhan dan survival rate karang E. lamellosa. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan analisis kuantitatif dengan pengambilan data secara langsung selama 4 bulan dengan interval waktu setiap 1 bulan sekali. Foto karang sampel didigitasi menggunakan software ImageJ untuk mengetahui luas area pertumbuhannya. Hasil yang diperoleh yaitu kenaikan rata-rata area pertumbuhan per bulan yaitu berkisar antara 1.04 – 2.79 cm2. Hasil perhitungan tingkat kelangsungan hidup E. lamellosa bernilai 66.67%. Budidaya karang secara in situ yang dilakukan di perairan Penginuman, Gilimanuk termasuk dalam kategori berhasil karena karang tumbuh lebih cepat dan memiliki kelangsungaan hidup yang cukup tinggi. Coral reef ecosystems have important role in life, both from an ecological and economic values. Water of Penginuman, in Gilimanuk is one of the locations with poor conditions of its coral reef. Echinopora lamellosa is one of ornamental coral species that has fast growth so they can be used in coral recovery system. Coral growth rate can be known by measuring calculating the growth of their height and wide area of surface. The purpose of this research was to find out the growth rate and survival rate of E. lamellosa corals. Quantitative analysis with direct data collection was used in this research method for 4 months with intervals once per month. Coral photos sample were digitized using ImageJ software to determine the wide area of their growth. The data show an increase in average monthly growth, which varies from 1.04 to 2.79 cm2. The calculated E. lamellosa survival rate was 66.67%. The in situ method of coral culture in Penginuman Waters, Gilimanuk, may be considered effective because the corals grow more quickly and have a high enough survival rate.
Perbandingan Jumlah Cadangan Karbon Mangrove Aboveground dan Belowground di Gili Petagan, Sambelia, Lombok Timur
Authors: Asiah-Z.A. Siti , Puna Salvina H. , Lestariningsih Wiwid A. , Rahman Ibadur 
Published: June 2024

Pemanasan global terjadi karena kandungan karbondioksida di udara terus meningkat. Mangrove dapat menyerap karbon dan menyimpannya di akar, batang, dan daun. Selain itu, substrat di kawasan mangrove juga mampu menyimpan karbon. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui jumlah cadangan karbon di aboveground dan belowground pada kawasan mangrove Gili Petagan, Sambelia, Lombok Timur. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Mei sampai Agustus 2023 di kawasan mangrove Gili Petagan, dan analisis data karbon dilakukan di Laboratorium Kimia Tanah, Universitas Mataram. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif eksploratif, pengumpulan data karbon pada sedimen mangrove dilakukan menggunakan sediment corer pada kedalaman 0-30 cm dan 30-60 cm. Analisis karbon pada tegakan mangrove menggunakan persamaan alometrik, sedangkan karbon substrat dihitung menggunakan metode Colorimetri Walkey and Black. Hasil yang didapatkan yaitu terdapat 4 jenis mangrove, yaitu Rhizophora apiculata, Rhizophora mucronata, Rhizophora stylosa, dan Sonneratia alba. Estimasi cadangan karbon bagian batang (aboveground) mangrove sebesar 161,77 ton/ha, sedangkan pada bagian akar dan substrat (belowground) di kawasan mangrove Gili Petagan sebesar 112,02 ton/ha.Total jumlah cadangan karbon bagian atas (aboveground) mangrove di Gili Petagan lebih tinggi dibandingkan bagian bawah (belowground). Global warming is occurring due to the continuous increase in carbon dioxide content in the air. Mangroves can absorb carbon and store it in their roots, stems, and leaves. Additionally, the substrate in mangrove areas is also capable of storing carbon. This research was conducted to determine the amount of carbon reserves in aboveground and belowground areas in the mangrove area of Gili Petagan, Sambelia, East Lombok. The research was conducted from May to August 2023 in the mangrove area of Gili Petagan, and carbon data analysis was carried out at the Soil Chemistry Laboratory, University of Mataram. The research method used was descriptive exploratory, carbon data collection on mangrove sediments was carried out using a sediment corer at depths of 0-30 cm and 30-60 cm. Carbon analysis in mangrove stands was done using allometric equations, while substrate carbon was calculated using the Walkey and Black Colorimetric method. The results obtained were that there are 4 types of mangroves, namely Rhizophora apiculata, Rhizophora mucronata, Rhizophora stylosa, and Sonneratia alba. The estimated carbon reserves for mangrove stems (aboveground) is 161.77 tons/ha, while for roots and substrate (belowground) in the Gili Petagan mangrove area is 112.02 tons/ha. The total amount of carbon reserves for aboveground mangrove in Gili Petagan is higher than the belowground.
Environmental exposure to wildfire smoke may reduce microvascular oxygenation during graded handgrip exercise: A case series
Authors: Blum Oliver E. , DeBlauw Justin A. , Greaves Lauren M. , Shostak Elena S. , Ives Stephen J. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractWildfire smoke (WFS) is an urgent and rapidly growing threat to global health. Aside from obvious threats to pulmonary function, increases in cardiac abnormalities or myocardial infarction have been documented during WF season, but little is known about the effects of WFS on cardiovascular health. We investigated the effect of nonoccupational WFS exposure on cardiovascular and pulmonary function at rest and during graded handgrip exercise through a case series of young, healthy adults (n = 4, 25 ± 6 years) assessed after ≥3 days of bad or good air quality. Peripheral and estimated central blood pressures, vascular stiffness, and microvascular function (Near infrared spectroscopy, NIRS) were assessed at rest, and during rhythmic handgrip exercise. WFS did not appear to alter resting peripheral, central BP, or vascular stiffness (all, p > 0.05). Slope 1 and slope 2 from the NIRS‐vascular occlusion test (NIRS‐VOT) were not different between conditions (p > 0.05). The change in SmO2 during exercise was lower (p = 0.02,  = 0.62) with bad air quality. These preliminary findings suggest modest effects of environmental WFS exposure on muscle microvascular function during exercise in healthy adults. Future work is needed to elucidate the physiological changes with WFS exposure and the increased risk of cardiovascular events, perhaps exacerbated through physical activity.
Stability and bifurcation analysis of a nested multi-scale model for COVID-19 viral infection
Authors: Chhetri Bishal , Vamsi Dasu Krishna Kiran 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
In this study, a nested multi-scale mathematical model is proposed and studied for COVID-19 viral infection. The well-posedness of the multi-scale model is discussed, followed by the stability analysis of the equilibrium points. The proposed model admits two equilibrium solutions: the infection-free equilibrium and the infected equilibrium. The infection-free equilibrium point is shown to be globally asymptotically stable provided that the value of the basic reproduction number is less than unity. When the value of the basic reproduction number exceeds unity, a unique infected equilibrium exists, and the system is found to undergo a forward (trans-critical) bifurcation. Two-parameter heat plots are performed to identify the parameter combinations for the stability of the admitted equilibrium points. From the sensitivity analysis, the transmission rate, infection rate, and birth rate were found to be most sensitive to the basic reproduction number. The influence of the within-host sub-model parameters on the between-host sub-model variables is numerically illustrated. The spread of infection in a community is shown to be influenced by the within-host sub-model parameters, such as the production of viral particles, the clearance rate of infected cells by the immune system, and the clearance rate of viral particles by the immune system. The comparative effectiveness of three health interventions (antiviral drugs, immunomodulators, and generalized social distancing) for COVID-19 infection is examined using the reproductive number as an indicator of the effectiveness of these interventions. The results from the comparative effectiveness study suggest that a combined strategy of antiviral drugs, immunomodulators, and generalized social distancing would be the best strategy to implement to contain the spread of infection in the community.
Exploring Mentor Teachers’ Experiences and Practices in Japan: Formative Intervention for Self-Directed Development of Novice Teachers
Authors: Goto Ikuko , Yada Takumi 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This study pursues interventions by mentors in different mentoring phases. The mentoring refers to Engeström’s (2011. From design experiments to formative interventions. Theory & Psychology, 21(5), 598–628) formative intervention to promote the self-directed development of novice teachers. This study involved data obtained from the preliminary survey, fieldwork experiences, and interviews with mentees during teacher training. The survey data were descriptively analysed for the close-ended question and thematically coded using an inductive approach. The fieldwork and interview data were thematically analysed. This study uncovered themes with supporting subthemes to identify mentors’ activities addressed during the mentoring process: designing a class, determining teaching methods, and reviewing a class. The themes for these processes were setting the direction for self-directed problem-solving, collaboratively clarifying unclear and ambiguous aspects of the teaching method, assessing good instructions and providing clues for further growth, and designing an opportunity for learning in dialogic communication and mutual negotiation. Mentor training opportunities are needed for experienced teachers to pursue the intervention that supports the self-directed development of novice teachers. This is a unique study to explore interventions that meet the needs of novice teachers according to mentoring phases, in certain contexts.
A system-level study of indoor light energy harvesting integrating commercially available power management circuitry
Authors: Kaushalya Tharaka , Littow Markus , Virta Eetu , Ruotsalainen Tarmo , Juuti Jari , Bai Yang 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
With the development of sustainable and energy-efficient buildings and cities, scavenging indoor light energy to power Internet of Things has become an increasingly attractive solution. However, the energy that can be harvested from an indoor light environment is limited compared to natural, outdoor sunlight, emphasizing the importance of efficiency of the entire energy harvesting system rather than that of individual harvesters. Power management circuitry plays a crucial role here but there has not been a system-level study for different power management schemes when connected to both harvesters and batteries whilst working under real lighting conditions. This study evaluates four integrated indoor light energy harvesting systems containing two distinctive types of photovoltaic cells connected to a switched capacitor (SC) and an inductor-based (IN) boost converter, respectively, as well as a Li-ion battery. Charging efficiencies of the entire systems, in addition to those of individual components, are assessed. Results suggest that for an indoor light energy harvesting system, although the IN converter tends to be cumbersome, it provides unbeatably high and stable battery charging efficiency across a broad range of light intensities compared to the SC converter even though the latter is specifically designed for low-power applications competing with the IN counterpart.
Parameter optimization of anisotropic polarization in magnetorheological elastomers for enhanced impact absorption capability using the Taguchi method
Authors: Sobri Normidatul Salwa , Hudha Khisbullah , Kadir Zulkiffli Abd , Amer Noor Hafizah , Ahmad Ku Zarina Ku , Rahmat Mohd Sabirin 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Magnetorheological elastomers (MREs) are intelligent materials that exhibit changes in their properties when exposed to a magnetic field. By applying a magnetic field during the curing process, MRE can be made anisotropic. This study focuses on optimizing the fabrication process parameters using the design of an experimental approach, namely the Taguchi method. The parameters to be optimized for MRE fabrication include the number of coil turns, coil diameter, curing current, and curing time. Twenty-five sets of anisotropic MRE were fabricated and subjected to drop impact testing to evaluate their impact absorption capability. The results were further examined for a more comprehensive analysis using the signal-to-noise ratio, analysis of means, and analysis of variance. This rigorous examination aimed to pinpoint the optimal parameters and the key factors influencing the fabrication of the MRE. From the analysis result, it can be seen that the number of coil turns contributed to 63.36% of the entire MRE fabrication process. Furthermore, a well-defined composition for the MRE was identified, consisting of 200 coil turns, a coil diameter of 1.0 mm, an applied current of 1.2 A, and a curing time of 20 min.
Reactions of trans-[PtX2(pic)2] (Pic = γ-PICOLINE, X = Cl−, NO3
−) with N-acetyl-l-cysteine and glutathione
Authors: Hadi Sutopo , Noviany Noviany , Yandri Yandri 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The reactions of trans-[PtX2(pic)2] (pic = γ-picoline, X = Cl−, NO3
−) with N-acetyl-l-cysteine (acSH) and glutathione (GSH) were monitored and followed by 1H and 195Pt NMR. In the reaction of trans-[Pt(pic)2(D2O)2](NO3)2 with acSH, in the 195Pt NMR spectra, the most intense peak observed was trans-[Pt(pic)2(acS)}2(µ-acS)]+ (3). The intermediate product which was not clearly seen in the spectra was formulated as trans-[Pt (pic)2(acS)(D2O)]+ (2), with the weaker peak one as trans-[Pt(pic)2(acS)2] (1). With GSH, the main product observed was trans-[Pt(pic)2(GS)2] (4), while the intermediate product was not observed during this study. In the reactions of trans-[PtCl2(pic)2] with acSH, besides complexes 1 and 3 formed, the formation of trans-[Pt(pic)2Cl(acS)] (6) was also observed in the NMR spectra, while when it was reacted with GSH, followed a similar course to that of with acSH, but more slowly.
Hypocapnia in women with fibromyalgia
Authors: Jonsson Kent , Pikwer Andreas , Olsson Erik M. G. , Peterson Magnus 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Objectives
The purpose of this study was to investigate whether people with fibromyalgia (FM) have dysfunctional breathing by examining acid–base balance and comparing it with healthy controls.

Methods
Thirty-six women diagnosed with FM and 36 healthy controls matched for age and gender participated in this cross-sectional study. To evaluate acid–base balance, arterial blood was sampled from the radial artery. Carbon dioxide, oxygen, bicarbonate, base excess, pH and lactate were analysed for between-group differences. Blood gas analyses were performed stepwise on each individual to detect acid–base disturbance, which was categorized as primary respiratory and possible compensation indicating chronicity. A three-step approach was employed to evaluate pH, carbon dioxide and bicarbonate in this order.

Results
Women with FM had significantly lower carbon dioxide pressure (p = 0.013) and higher lactate (p = 0.038) compared to healthy controls at the group level. There were no significant differences in oxygen pressure, bicarbonate, pH and base excess. Employing a three-step acid–base analysis, 11 individuals in the FM group had a possible renally compensated mild chronic hyperventilation, compared to only 4 among the healthy controls (p = 0.042).

Conclusions
In this study, we could identify a subgroup of individuals with FM who may be characterized as mild chronic hyperventilators. The results might point to a plausible dysfunctional breathing in some women with FM.