bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Detection of intracavitary uterine pathology using offline analysis of three‐dimensional ultrasound volumes: interobserver agreement and diagnostic accuracy
Authors: Van den Bosch T. , Valentin L. , Van Schoubroeck D. , Luts J. , Bignardi T. , Condous G. , Epstein E. , Leone F. P. , Testa A. C. , Van Huffel S. , Bourne T. , Timmerman D. 
Published: March 2012

AbstractObjectiveTo estimate the diagnostic accuracy and interobserver agreement in predicting intracavitary uterine pathology at offline analysis of three‐dimensional (3D) ultrasound volumes of the uterus.Methods3D volumes (unenhanced ultrasound and gel infusion sonography with and without power Doppler, i.e. four volumes per patient) of 75 women presenting with abnormal uterine bleeding at a ‘bleeding clinic’ were assessed offline by six examiners. The sonologists were asked to provide a tentative diagnosis. A histological diagnosis was obtained by hysteroscopy with biopsy or operative hysteroscopy. Proliferative, secretory or atrophic endometrium was classified as ‘normal’ histology; endometrial polyps, intracavitary myomas, endometrial hyperplasia and endometrial cancer were classified as ‘abnormal’ histology. The diagnostic accuracy of the six sonologists with regard to normal/abnormal histology and interobserver agreement were estimated.ResultsIntracavitary pathology was diagnosed at histology in 39% of patients. Agreement between the ultrasound diagnosis and the histological diagnosis (normal vs abnormal) ranged from 67 to 83% for the six sonologists. In 45% of cases all six examiners agreed with regard to the presence/absence of intracavitary pathology. The percentage agreement between any two examiners ranged from 65 to 91% (Cohen's κ, 0.31–0.81). The Schouten κ for all six examiners was 0.51 (95% CI, 0.40–0.62), while the highest Schouten κ for any three examiners was 0.69.ConclusionWhen analyzing stored 3D ultrasound volumes, agreement between sonologists with regard to classifying the endometrium/uterine cavity as normal or abnormal as well as the diagnostic accuracy varied substantially. Possible actions to improve interobserver agreement and diagnostic accuracy include optimization of image quality and the use of a consistent technique for analyzing the 3D volumes. Copyright © 2012 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
MicroRNA degradation and turnover: regulating the regulators
Authors: Zhang Zhuo , Qin Yong‐Wen , Brewer Gary , Jing Qing 
Published: March 2012

AbstractMicroRNAs (miRNAs) are endogenous, small noncoding RNAs that play important regulatory roles in gene expression. The control of miRNA biogenesis has been well characterized, but their degradation is not fully understood. Recent discoveries indicate that miRNAs have a long life span in general. However, rapid turnover dynamics of miRNAs in a variety of specific cellular contexts has been documented, as well as the requirement of sequence elements for miRNA decay. Furthermore, several ribonucleases that degrade miRNAs have been identified. Here, we discuss the cellular contexts and biochemical mechanisms of miRNA decay, together with several prominent questions in this field. WIREs RNA 2012, 3:593–600. doi: 10.1002/wrna.1114This article is categorized under:

RNA Turnover and Surveillance > Turnover/Surveillance Mechanisms
Regulatory RNAs/RNAi/Riboswitches > Regulatory RNAs
Holographic predictions for cosmological 3-point functions
Authors: Bzowski Adam , McFadden Paul , Skenderis Kostas 
Published: March 2012

AbstractWe present the holographic predictions for cosmological 3-point correlators, involving both scalar and tensor modes, for a universe which started in a non-geometric holographic phase. Holographic formulae relate the cosmological 3-point functions to stress tensor correlation functions of a holographically dual three-dimensional non-gravitational QFT. We compute these correlators at 1-loop order for a theory containing massless scalars, fermions and gauge fields, and present an extensive analysis of the constraints due to Ward identities showing that they uniquely determine the correlators up to a few constants. We define shapes for all cosmological bispectra and compare the holographic shapes to the slow-roll ones, finding that some are distinguishable while others, perhaps surprisingly, are not. In particular, for three gravitons, we are able to recover the slow-roll shapes exactly.
A Preliminary Comparison Study of Two Noncrosslinked Biologic Meshes Used in Complex Ventral Hernia Repairs
Authors: Janfaza Mona , Martin Maureen , Skinner Ruby 
Published: March 2012

AbstractBackgroundThe biologic materials currently available for hernia repairs are costly and there are limited statistics on recurrences and rates of infection in connection with their use in complex cases.MethodsWe performed a retrospective review and comparison of two types of biologic mesh used at our institution for abdominal hernia repairs spanning a 1‐year period. Demographic data and outcomes relating to surgical site infections, hernia recurrences, and mortality were analyzed. Of the 35 patients in the study, 23 patients (Group I) were managed with SurgiMend, a neonatal bovine mesh, and 12 patients (Group II) were managed with Flex HD, a human‐derived mesh.ResultsThe study cohorts met criteria for high‐risk stratification based on body mass index, comorbid conditions, and a high prevalence of contaminated wounds. The overall surgical site infection rate was 17 % for Group I and 50 % for Group II. These differences reached statistical significance when comparing superficial infections but not for deep infections with mesh involvement. Hernia recurrences in Group I were 5 % compared to 33 % in Group II. No deaths were observed.ConclusionsThese preliminary data demonstrate promising short‐term outcomes for high‐risk complex hernias repaired with biologic mesh, particularly SurgiMend, but the long‐term durability of these biological materials is yet to be determined.
Concentration of Stearidonic Acid in Free Fatty Acids Form from Modified Soybean Oil by Selective Esterification with Dodecanol
Authors: Vázquez Luis , Kleiner Leslie , Akoh Casimir C. 
Published: March 2012

AbstractThe concentration of stearidonic acid (SDA, 18:4 n‐3) in free fatty acids (FFA) formed by selective esterification with dodecanol (lauryl alcohol) was studied. For this purpose, modified soybean oil (initial SDA content, ~23 %) was converted into its corresponding FFA by chemical hydrolysis. In a second step, the resulting FFA were esterified with dodecanol. Process variables such as the type of biocatalyst (lipase), substrate molar ratio and amount of lipase were evaluated. The best SDA concentration (58 %) and recovery (94 %) were attained by performing the esterification reaction for 4 h, with 1:1 molar ratio (dodecanol:FFA), and 5 % (w/w) Candida rugosa lipase as biocatalyst. It was observed that SDA was concentrated in the unesterified fraction.
Hip impingement in slipped capital femoral epiphysis: A changing perspective
Authors: Hosalkar Harish S. , Pandya Nirav K. , Bomar James D. , Wenger Dennis R. 
Published: March 2012

Background Femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) as a result of slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE) has recently gained significant attention. Seen as an intermediate step toward the development of early osteoarthritis, symptomatic FAI develops in SCFE patients who have residual hip deformity characterized by relative posterior and medial displacement of the capital femoral epiphysis, leading to an anterolateral prominence of the metaphysis which abuts on the acetabular rim. This results in a decreased range of hip motion as well as progressive labral damage and articular cartilage injury, which cause symptoms of FAI. All degrees of slips from mild to severe can develop impingement. Methods The existing literature on the subject was thoroughly reviewed and all levels of studies that have made any meaningful changes to clinical practice were considered. Results Based on the literature review, current practice trends, and our own institutional practice pattern, all treatment options for SCFE in the impingement era have been presented with an open discussion regarding potential benefits and limitations. Conclusions Several surgical options exist for the SCFE patient who develops FAI. These are largely determined by the degree of deformity present and severity of the initial slip. Extraarticular (intertrochanteric, base of the neck) as well as subcapital osteotomies can be utilized with a goal of restoring proximal femoral anatomy in order to minimize the effect of the anterolateral prominence in more severe deformities. Patients with milder deformities can undergo osteochondroplasty of the femoral head and neck to remove impinging structures via either an open or arthroscopic approach. Also, proximal femoral osteotomy and open head–neck recontouring can be combined. Finally, patients who develop pain very early after in situ pinning must also be examined for potential iatrogenic screw-head impingement as a source of their pain and decreased hip motion, in addition to abnormalities in the proximal femoral anatomy. There are many centers that are approaching acute unstable SCFE patients as well as the more displaced stable cases with open reduction techniques that seem to be demonstrating good mid-term results. The goal of treatment is to improve patient function, alleviate hip pain, and to delay or prevent the development of early degenerative changes in adolescents and young adults. Prospective multi-center studies will be necessary so as to determine what methods work best in treatment and delay the onset and progression of osteoarthritis. Level of evidence V.
Medical and environmental risk factors associated with frontotemporal dementia: A case‐control study in a veteran population
Authors: Kalkonde Yogeshwar V. , Jawaid Ali , Qureshi Salah U. , Shirani Peyman , Wheaton Michael , Pinto‐Patarroyo Gineth P. , Schulz Paul E. 
Published: March 2012

AbstractBackgroundCompared with other major dementias, very little is known about the medical and environmental risk factors associated with frontotemporal dementia (FTD). In this study, we evaluated medical and environmental disorders associated with FTD in a veteran population.MethodsThe medical records of 845 consecutive veterans who were evaluated for cognitive and/or behavioral complaints at a cognitive disorders clinic in an academic medical center between March 1, 2003, and June 30, 2008, were reviewed and 554 patients received a diagnosis of dementia. Medical disorders and environmental risk factors in 63 patients with behavioral variant of FTD were compared with 491 patients with non‐FTD dementias.ResultsThe prevalence of traumatic brain injury (TBI) was significantly greater in patients with FTD versus those with non‐FTD dementias (12.7% vs 3.5%; P < .05). The FTD group also had a lower prevalence of heart disease (19.0% vs 36.7%; P < .05) and cerebrovascular diseases (12.7% vs 26.1%; P < .05), although the prevalence of vascular risk factors was comparable between FTD and non‐FTD dementia groups: hypertension (65.1% vs 68.2%), diabetes (31.7% vs 26.9%), hyperlipidemia (42.9% vs 48.9%), and tobacco use (7.9% vs 8.8%; P > .05 for all). In multivariate analysis, the risk for FTD was increased in patients with TBI (OR, 4.4; 95% CI, 1.6–11.8). The risk for FTD was marginally decreased in patients with heart disease (OR, 0.4; 95% CI, 0.3–0.96).ConclusionsIn a clinical sample of veterans, risk of FTD was increased in patients with TBI and marginally decreased in patients with heart disease. Prospective studies are needed to confirm these associations temporally and to identify their underlying mechanisms.
Alzheimer's disease: Pathogenesis and prevention
Authors: Braak Heiko , Del Tredici Kelly 
Published: March 2012

AbstractTau lesions (pretangles, neuropil threads, neurofibrillary tangles) in select neuronal types are essential to the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease. Pretangle formation marks the beginning of the pathological process and is of particular interest because it is temporally closer to the prevailing conditions that induce the pathological process underlying Alzheimer's disease in contrast to late‐stage disease. However, not all pretangles convert into neurofibrillary tangles. We propose that the development of tau lesions in Alzheimer's disease is traceable to differences between early‐ versus late‐maturing oligodendrocytes and to the exceptionally protracted myelination of late‐developing portions of the human brain. Conclusions drawn from these considerations should encourage development of new preventative and disease‐modifying strategies.
How does justice matter in achieving buyer–supplier relationship performance?
Authors: Liu Yi , Huang Ying , Luo Yadong , Zhao Yang 
Published: March 2012

AbstractThis study presents an analysis exploring how four types of justice (distributive, procedural, interpersonal, and informational) influence dyadic relationship performance in the buyer–supplier context. Underpinned by loose coupling theory, we build a mediating framework in which we propose that a high level of justice (or fairness) as mutually perceived by both parties drives buyer–supplier relationship performance through bolstered coupling links in mutual knowledge sharing, continuous commitment, and relationship investment. Our survey of 216 paired manufacturers (suppliers) and distributors (buyers) in China generally supports this argument, leading to a conclusion that justice is not a direct determinant of buyer–supplier performance but a critical conduit that nourishes mid‐range coupling behaviors, which in turn promotes a successful relationship. Based on findings from this study, firms are encouraged to endorse all four kinds of justice in managing supply chain relationships. However, when constrained by resources, the recommendation for managers is to focus on achieving a high level of perceptual convergence on procedural justice and informational justice with the exchange partner, because mutual perceptions of procedural and informational justice have the strongest effects on coupling behaviors and buyer–supplier relationship performance.
On the transition from finite-volume negatively buoyant releases to continuous fountains
Authors: Myrtroeen O. J. , Hunt G. R. 
Published: March 2012

AbstractAn experimental investigation to identify the source conditions that distinguish finite-volume negatively buoyant fluid projectile behaviour from fountain behaviour in quiescent environments of uniform density is described. Finite-volume releases are governed by their source Froude number ${\mathit{Fr}}_{D} $ and the aspect ratio $L/ D$ of the release, where $L$ denotes the length of the column of fluid dispensed vertically from the nozzle of diameter $D$. We establish the influence of $L/ D$ on the peak rise heights of a release formed by dispensing saline solution into fresh water for $0\lesssim {\mathit{Fr}}_{D} \lesssim 6$ and $0\lesssim L/ D\lesssim 34$. Within these ranges, we determine the source conditions for which a flow may be regarded, in terms of the initial rise height attained, as either finite-volume or continuous flux. The critical aspect ratio $ \mathop{ (L/ D)} \nolimits _{f} $, for a given ${\mathit{Fr}}_{D} $, which when exceeded no longer influenced release behaviour, led to the determination of $\{ {\mathit{Fr}}_{D} , \mathop{ (L/ D)} \nolimits _{f} \} $ paired source conditions that give rise to solely Froude-number-dependent, i.e. fountain-like, behaviour. As such, we make the link between finite-volume releases and continuous fountains. The $\{ {\mathit{Fr}}_{D} , \mathop{ (L/ D)} \nolimits _{f} \} $ pairs led us directly to the classification of a $\{ {\mathit{Fr}}_{D} , L/ D\} $ space from which source conditions giving rise to either negatively buoyant projectiles or fountains may be readily identified. The variation of $ \mathop{ (L/ D)} \nolimits _{f} $ with ${\mathit{Fr}}_{D} $ corresponds closely to established fountain regimes of very weak, weak and forced fountains. Moreover, our results indicate that the formation or otherwise of a primary vortex, as fluid is ejected, has a profound influence on the length of the dispensed fluid column that is necessary to achieve rise heights equal to fountain rise heights.
On the generation of steady streamwise streaks in flat-plate boundary layers
Authors: Fransson Jens H. M. , Talamelli Alessandro 
Published: March 2012

AbstractA study on the generation and development of high-amplitude steady streamwise streaks in a flat-plate boundary layer is presented. High-amplitude streamwise streaks are naturally present in many bypass transition scenarios, where they play a fundamental role in the breakdown to turbulence process. On the other hand, recent experiments and numerical simulations have shown that stable laminar streamwise streaks of alternating low and high speed are also capable of stabilizing the growth of Tollmien–Schlichting waves as well as localized disturbances and to delay transition. The larger the streak amplitude is, for a prescribed spanwise periodicity of the streaks, the stronger is the stabilizing mechanism. Previous experiments have shown that streaks of amplitudes up to 12 % of the free stream velocity can be generated by means of cylindrical roughness elements. Here we explore the possibility of generating streaks of much larger amplitude by using a row of miniature vortex generators (MVGs) similar to those used in the past to delay or even prevent boundary layer separation. In particular, we present a boundary layer experiment where streak amplitudes exceeding 30 % have been produced without having any secondary instability acting on them. Furthermore, the associated drag with the streaky base flow is quantified, and it is demonstrated that the streaks can be reinforced by placing a second array of MVGs downstream of the first one. In this way it is possible to make the control more persistent in the downstream direction. It must be pointed out that the use of MVGs opens also the possibility to set up a control method that acts twofold in the sense that both transition and separation are delayed or even prevented.
STRONG AND WEAK WEIGHTED NORM INEQUALITIES FOR THE GEOMETRIC FRACTIONAL MAXIMAL OPERATOR
Authors: BARZA SORINA , NICULESCU CONSTANTIN P. 
Published: March 2012

AbstractWe characterise the strong- and weak-type boundedness of the geometric fractional maximal operator between weighted Lebesgue spaces in the case 0<p≤q<∞, generalising and improving some older results.
A NOTE ON AUTOMORPHISMS OF FINITE p-GROUPS
Authors: GHORAISHI S. MOHSEN 
Published: March 2012

AbstractLet p be an odd prime and let G be a finite p-group such that xZ(G)⊆xG, for all x∈G∖Z(G), where xG denotes the conjugacy class of x in G. Then G has a noninner automorphism of order p leaving the Frattini subgroup Φ(G) elementwise fixed.
ON SS-SUPPLEMENTED SUBGROUPS OF FINITE GROUPS AND THEIR PROPERTIES
Authors: GUO XIUYUN , LU JIAKUAN 
Published: March 2012

AbstractA subgroup H of a finite group G is called SS-supplemented in G if there exists a subgroup K of G such that HK = G and H ∩ K is S-quasinormal in K. In this paper, we characterize the finite groups in which every subgroup is SS-supplemented and the influence of SS-supplementation of some subgroups on the structure of finite groups is considered. Some recent results on SS-quasinormal subgroups and C-supplemented subgroups are strengthened and enriched.
ON THE DOUBLE TRANSFER AND THE f-INVARIANT
Authors: POWELL GEOFFREY 
Published: March 2012

AbstractThe purpose of this paper is to investigate the algebraic double S1-transfer, in particular the classes in the two-line of the Adams–Novikov spectral sequence which are the image of comodule primitives of the MU-homology of ℂP∞ × ℂP∞ via the algebraic double transfer. These classes are analysed by two related approaches: the first, p-locally for p ≥ 3, by using the morphism induced in MU-homology by the chromatic factorisation of the double transfer map together with the f′-invariant of Behrens (for p ≥ 5) (M. Behrens, Congruences between modular forms given by the divided β-family in homotopy theory, Geom. Topol.13(1) (2009), 319–357). The second approach (after inverting 6) uses the algebraic double transfer and the f-invariant of Laures (G. Laures, The topological q-expansion principle, Topology38(2) (1999), 387–425).
A NEW QUANTITY IN RIEMANN-FINSLER GEOMETRY
Authors: MO XIAOHUAN , SHEN ZHONGMIN , LIU HUAIFU 
Published: March 2012

AbstractIn this note, we study a new Finslerian quantityĈdefined by the Riemannian curvature. We prove that the new Finslerian quantity is a non-Riemannian quantity for a Finsler manifold with dimensionn= 3. Then we study Finsler metrics of scalar curvature. We find that theĈ-curvature is closely related to the flag curvature and theH-curvature. We show thatĈ-curvature gives, a measure of the failure of a Finsler metric to be of weakly isotropic flag curvature. We also give a simple proof of the Najafi-Shen-Tayebi' theorem.
Audiological monitoring for ototoxic tuberculosis, human immunodeficiency virus and cancer therapies in a developing world setting
Authors: Harris T , Peer S , Fagan J J 
Published: March 2012

AbstractOtotoxic drugs are widely used in the developing world, without audiological monitoring. Epidemiological data on ototoxic deafness are lacking for developing countries. The public health aspect of ototoxicity is often overlooked, to the detriment of the individual patient. This paper reviews ototoxic hearing loss, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa, and also assesses the impact of treatments for tuberculosis, cancer and human immunodeficiency virus (the latter including highly active antiretroviral therapy) on ototoxic hearing loss. The paper also discusses obstacles to audiological monitoring for ototoxicity in the developing world, and the potential of audiology screening using applications for mobile devices.
A false aneurysm
Authors: Mitchell D , Repanos C , Coman W B 
Published: March 2012

AbstractObjective:We report a case of a remaining hemi-thyroid following laryngectomy, which was misinterpreted as a pseudoaneurysm.Methods:Case report and comment on this understandable error which is easily avoidable.Results:A 59-year-old man had undergone salvage laryngectomy for recurrent squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx, which had previously been treated with radiotherapy. Three months after his laryngectomy, he presented with a sore neck and subcutaneous collections. Computed tomography revealed a unilateral mass with high signal contrast uptake anterior to the left common carotid artery, which was thought initially to be a carotid pseudoaneurysm. Further investigation, including ultrasonography and a review by the senior head and neck radiologist, demonstrated that this mass was actually the remnant hemi-thyroid preserved at laryngectomy (which is often misshapen compared with a normal hemi-thyroid). The collections were found to be recurrent tumour, and unnecessary further interventions were avoided.Conclusion:Ultrasonography easily distinguishes between a thyroid remnant and a pseudoaneurysm. Furthermore, the opinion of an experienced head and neck radiologist may be vital when interpreting complex post-surgical head and neck radiology.