bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Population-Level Blood Pressure Treatment Strategies on Cardiovascular and Cognitive Outcomes
Authors: Burke James F. , Sussman Jeremy B. , Yaffe Kristine , Hayward Rodney A. , Giordani Bruno J. , Galecki Andrzej T. , Whitney Rachael , Briceño Emily M. , Gross Alden L. , Elkind Mitchell S.V. , Manly Jennifer J. , Gottesman Rebecca F. , Gaskin Darrell J. , Sidney Stephen , Levine Deborah A. 
Published: May 2024

BACKGROUND:
The large and increasing number of adults living with dementia is a pressing societal priority, which may be partially mitigated through improved population-level blood pressure (BP) control. We explored how tighter population-level BP control affects the incidence of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) events and dementia.

METHODS:
Using an open-source ASCVD and dementia simulation analysis platform, the Michigan Chronic Disease Simulation Model, we evaluated how optimal implementation of 2 BP treatments based on the Eighth Joint National Committee recommendations and SPRINT (Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial) protocol would influence population-level ASCVD events, global cognitive performance, and all-cause dementia. We simulated 3 populations (usual care, Eighth Joint National Committee based, SPRINT based) using nationally representative data to annually update risk factors and assign ASCVD events, global cognitive performance scores, and dementia, applying different BP treatments in each population. We tabulated total ASCVD events, global cognitive performance, all-cause dementia, optimal brain health, and years lived in each state per population.

RESULTS:
Optimal implementation of SPRINT-based BP treatment strategy, compared with usual care, reduced ASCVD events in the United States by ≈77 000 per year and produced 0.4 more years of stroke- or myocardial infarction–free survival when averaged across all Americans. Population-level gains in years lived free of ASCVD events were greater for SPRINT-based than Eighth Joint National Committee–based treatment. Survival and years spent with optimal brain health improved with optimal SPRINT-based BP treatment implementation versus usual care: the average patient with hypertension lived 0.19 additional years and 0.3 additional years in optimal brain health. SPRINT-based BP treatment increased the number of years lived without dementia (by an average of 0.13 years/person with hypertension), but increased the total number of individuals with dementia, mainly through more adults surviving to advanced ages.

CONCLUSIONS:
Tighter BP control likely benefits most individuals but is unlikely to reduce dementia prevalence and might even increase the number of older adults living with dementia.
Roles and Relations in Biblical Law
Authors: Canu Højgaard Christian 
Published: May 2024

Leviticus 17–26, an ancient law text known as the Holiness Code, prescribes how particular persons are to behave in concrete, everyday situations. The addressees of the law text must revere their parents, respect the elderly, fear God, take care of their fellow, provide for the sojourner, and so on. The sojourner has his own obligations, as do the priests. Even God is said to behave in various ways towards various persons. Thus, the law text forms an intricate web of persons and interactions.
There is a growing awareness that ancient law texts were not arbitrary collections of legal paragraphs but articulations of certain world views. The laws were rational in their own respect and were based on the lawgiver’s ethos. However, since the ethical values of the lawgiver rarely—if ever—surface in the text itself, it has proven difficult to grasp with traditional, exegetical methods. This study offers a novel approach to mapping out the ethos of an ancient law text like Leviticus 17–26. By employing social network analysis, the participants and their interactions are mapped to scrutinize the ethical roles embodied by the persons of the law.
To accomplish this, the study undertakes meticulous research into both the participants and the interactions of Leviticus 17–26. The book investigates a semi-automatic approach to extracting participant information from a text and offers new methods for analysing Hebrew interactions (realised as verbal predicates) in terms of dynamicity, causation, and agency.
1. Introduction
Authors: Canu Højgaard Christian 
Published: May 2024

Leviticus 17–26, an ancient law text known as the Holiness Code, prescribes how particular persons are to behave in concrete, everyday situations. Among Christian readers and scholars of the text, it has for the most part been considered obsolete or even a decay of biblical theology.
There is a growing awareness, however, that ancient law texts are not arbitrary collections of primitive laws but represent an ancient understanding of life and society which is rational in its own respect. Thus, over the last generation, a stream of anthropological, literary, and rhetorical approaches has enriched the study of biblical law. This chapter introduces yet another approach to grasp the ethos of the ancient law giver, namely that of social network analysis which offers a mapping of all persons of the text and their internal interactions as a means to investigate ethical roles and thereby the ethics implied by the text.
3. Tracking the Participants
Authors: Canu Højgaard Christian 
Published: May 2024

When social network analysis has been applied to texts, the participants or persons of the text have commonly been conceptualized as nodes and their relationships as edges. Most often, the data have been extracted manually as semantic triplets, also known as RDF triplets, in order to reduce the complexity of the data. Obviously, texts do not usually come in neat semantic triplets, so the question is how information can be extracted more consistently in order to increase the accuracy of analysis.
In Leviticus 17–26 there are 4,092 individual participant references, so manual tagging is problematic. This chapter investigates a semi-automatic approach to participant resolution in order to map linguistic references unto text-level persons. A number of crucial issues are discussed, including the problem of identical, yet different participants, conflation of participants, synonymous participants, and references to individual participants in a group.
7. Participants in Social Networks
Authors: Canu Højgaard Christian 
Published: May 2024

Social network analysis has only occasionally been applied to the analysis of texts. This chapter offers a novel attempt to map the social network of an ancient law text, Leviticus 17–26. Using the participants and their interactions as nodes and edges, respectively, graph-based and feature-based approaches to role discovery are applied to detect clusters of participants. Three clusters emerge, and crucial representatives of each cluster are analysed in depth to suggest the roles obtained by the participants in the network. Finally, the ethos expressed by the network is discussed and related to the major theme of holiness in Leviticus 17–26.
The chapter advances existing methods of social network analysis of texts by conceptualizing the network edges as the agency invested by the participants in concrete interactions. Moreover, it is argued that texts exhibit another dimension apart from participants and interactions, namely that of textual structure. Participants and interactions are embedded in a discourse or narrative, and their embeddedness adds important information about their role in the social network as implied by the text.
Forecasting Ocean Waves off the U.S. East Coast Using an Ensemble Learning Approach
Authors: Chaichitehrani Nazanin , He Ruoying , Allahdadi Mohammad Nabi 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
This study introduces an ensemble learning model for the prediction of significant wave height and average wave period in stations along the U.S. Atlantic coast. The model utilizes the stacking method, combining three base learner models—least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression, support vector machine, and multilayer perceptron—to achieve more precise and robust predictions. To train and evaluate the models, a 20-yr dataset comprising meteorological and wave data was used, enabling forecasts for significant wave height and average wave period at 1-, 3-, 6-, and 12-h intervals. The data collection involved two NOAA buoy stations situated on the U.S. Atlantic coast. The findings demonstrate that the ensemble learning model constructed through the stacking method yields significantly higher accuracy in predicting significant wave height within the specified time intervals. Moreover, the study investigates the influence of swell waves on forecasting significant wave height and average wave period. Notably, the inclusion of swell waves improves the accuracy of the 12-h forecast. Consequently, the developed ensemble model effectively estimates both significant wave height and average wave period. The ensemble model outperforms the individual models in forecasting significant wave height and average wave period. This ensemble learning model serves as a viable alternative to conventional coastal models for predicting wave parameters.
Delivering and Evaluating Climate Services: The North Central U.S. Climate and Drought Webinar Series
Authors: Haigh Tonya R. , Kluck Douglas R. , Todey Dennis P. , Nowatzke Laurie 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Evaluation of near-term (sub)seasonal climate services’ impact is challenging but necessary for ensuring that society’s needs for actionable information are met. We use a descriptive study of the monthly North Central U.S. Climate and Drought Webinar Series at two time points (2014 and 2021) to examine societal impacts on capacity-building, sensemaking, fact-establishing, communication, decision-making, and social–ecological systems. The North Central U.S. Climate and Drought Webinar Series arose following a 2011 climate disaster and established itself over the next 10 years as a monthly resource for climate and impact information translation and interaction. Survey respondents indicated early benefits related to understanding how to find and use climate information and improved conceptual understanding of climate issues and problems. Many used webinar information to compare with other sources of data or to incorporate into their own communications, uses which can increase overall societal trust in climate information over time. Attendees’ self-reported capacity for using climate information in decision-making and actual use of information in specific decisions or management contexts increased as the webinar series approached the 10-yr mark. Most participants did not note financial or other social–ecological outcomes of their use of the webinars. We conclude by recommending that climate services be evaluated over sufficiently long time periods to capture evolving impacts and that evaluations incorporate impact rubrics that measure subtle yet important societal capacities and decision-making processes related to climate risk management.
Effects of Radiation on Olfactory Function in Head and Neck Malignancy
Authors: Manojan Sourabh , Saldanha Marina , Ail Sandeep , Bhat Vadisha , Aroor Rajeshwary 
Published: May 2024

Objectives: Olfactory dysfunction is an overlooked adverse effect of radiation therapy. This study is designed to find the effect of radiation therapy on olfactory function in head and neck malignancy excluding tumors of nose and nasopharynx and correlate the olfactory changes with the radiotherapy dose. Method: This prospective observational study was done over a 2-year period in 34 participants with head and neck malignancies who underwent radiation therapy (RT). The participants olfaction was evaluated subjectively with Italian Nose Obstruction Symptom Evaluation (I-NOSE) scale and objectively by a modified I-Smell test which included an olfactory identification score and an olfactory threshold score at 5 time points. The beginning of RT ( T0), at 2 weeks of RT( T1), end of RT ( T2), 1 month follow-up ( T3), and 3-month follow-up ( T4). The near maximum dose to the nasal cavity ( D2%) and mean dose to the nasal cavity ( Dmean) were calculated for all participants and correlated with olfactory function. Results: A total of 34 patients with head neck malignancy were recruited. The median I-NOSE score reached maximum at the end of radiation and decreased to baseline at 3 months follow-up ( P < .001). The olfactory identification score, olfactory threshold score, and median combined olfactory score showed a significant decrease at the end of radiation therapy compared to Pre-radiation therapy values. There was a significant but incomplete recovery in the 3-month follow-up period ( P < .001). Conclusion: There was a significant deterioration in quality of life for olfaction, olfactory identification, and olfactory threshold at the completion of radiotherapy. At 3 months follow-up, though there was no complete recovery of olfaction, it did not have an adverse effect on the quality of life.
Safety of synchronous prophylactic ablation of the anterior saphenous vein in patients undergoing great saphenous vein thermal ablation– 6 months follow-up data of the SYNCHRONOUS study
Authors: Dietrich Carmen K , Hirsch Tobias , Hartmann Karsten , Mattausch Thomas , Wenzel Hans-Christian , Zollmann Philipp , Veltman Jürgen , Weiler Thomas K , Lengfellner Guido , Müller Lars , Stücker Markus , Pannier Felizitas , Uhlmann Lorenz , Müller-Christmann Christine 
Published: May 2024

Background The SYNCHRONOUS-study investigates simultaneous ASV-ablation with great saphenous vein (GSV) treatment in endovenous laser ablation (EVLA) for preventing varicose vein recurrence. This sub-study examines complication rates associated with prophylactic ASV-ablation. Methods Among 1173 patients with refluxing GSV, 604 underwent GSV-ablation only, and 569 received additional ASV-ablation. Complication rates were compared over 6 months. Results Approximately 80% of patients were complication-free with minor bruising and dysesthesia being most common complications. After 6 months, additional prophylactic ASV-ablation did not increase the rate of complications compared to GSV-only treatment. Conclusion The 6-months follow-up data suggests that prophylactic ASV-closure, alongside GSV-treatment, is safe, with similar complication rates to GSV-only EVLA.
Views of patients with progressive illness and carers about the role of digital advance care planning systems to record and share information: A qualitative study
Authors: Birtwistle Jacqueline , Allsop Matthew J , Bradshaw Andy , Millares Martin Pablo , Sleeman Katherine E , Twiddy Maureen , Evans Catherine J 
Published: May 2024

Background: Digital approaches are being explored internationally to support the elicitation, documentation and sharing of advance care planning information. However, the views and experiences of patients and carers are little understood, impeding the development and impact of digital approaches to strengthen palliative and end-of-life care. Aim: To explore perspectives of patients with progressive illness and their carers on digital approaches to advance care planning, anticipated impact from their use and expectations for their future development. Design: A qualitative study employing thematic framework analysis of data collected from focus groups and semi-structured interviews. Setting/participants: Purposive sample of 29 patients and 15 current or bereaved carers in London and West Yorkshire from hospice settings, non-governmental support and advocacy groups, and care home residents. Results: Four generated themes included: 1. ‘ Why haven’t you read what’s wrong with me?’; uncertainty around professionals’ documenting, sharing and use of information; 2. The art of decision-making relies on the art of conversation; 3. The perceived value in having ‘ a say in matters’: control and responsibility; 4. Enabling patient and carer control of their records: ‘ custodianship is key’. Conclusions: Lived experiences of information sharing influenced trust and confidence in digital advance care planning systems. Despite scepticism about the extent that care can be delivered in line with their preferences, patients and carers acknowledge digital systems could facilitate care through contemporaneous and accurately documented wishes and preferences. There remains a need to determine how independent patient and public-facing advance care planning resources might be integrated with existing digital health record systems.
Reconstructing the group matrix: In pursuit of balance in the dynamic whole
Authors: Paris Timothy 
Published: May 2024

The group analytic concept of the matrix was developed by Foulkes and is constantly being redeveloped by contemporary group analysts. This article outlines the basic structure of the matrix as proposed by Foulkes and how this has been built upon over time. A split between the objective, quantitative biomedical and subjective, qualitative psychosocial approaches is explored. The article attempts to demonstrate the arbitrary distinction between the two positions, as well as to overcome polarization of thought through synthesis and the use of metaphor. Finding balance and mutuality between the two brings the homeostatic function of the organism, brain, mind, and matrix to the foreground. This is complemented through the examination of current neuroscientific research and shows how the two positions enrich and add nuance to our understanding of the matrix as a fluid, ever-changing, and dynamic structure. This article also explores the relationship between the matrix and the group conductor. This relationship has the potential to offer containment and security for the group and can be harnessed to improve the conductor’s clinical confidence, as well as the clinical care of group members. This is articulated in terms of Gestalt psychology’s ‘figure’ and ‘ground’ as well as psychotherapeutic stances of ‘being’ and ‘doing’. Van der Kleij’s linguistic analogies are elaborated on to explore the concept of the matrix in the total group situation, and how individuals might be able to find structure and meaning in the context of an analytic group. Finally, the author reflects on the process of exploring the group matrix and how this relates to his own development as a psychiatrist and group analyst in training.
Heat transfer and flow characteristics of a novel turbulator design in heat exchanger: Experimental and numerical analysis
Authors: Şener Ramazan , Demir M Eşref 
Published: May 2024

Turbulators are used in heat exchangers to increase the contact surfaces of fluids and enhance heat transfer rates by promoting turbulence flow. This is particularly important in applications that require high productivity and capabilities. The use of turbulators can lead to maximum energy efficiency, resulting in high efficiency and lower costs. This investigation presents a comprehensive experimental and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) approach into the influence of turbulator-induced disturbances on heat transfer characteristics in a double pipe heat exchanger. In this study, two innovative turbulators (named TY and TZ) were designed to enhance the performance of heat exchangers. The turbulators are inserted into the inner pipe of the double pipe heat exchanger. According to the experimental and numerical results, compared to the plain pipe condition (without turbulator), it was observed that maximum temperature differences were reached with a 28% increase at velocity of 2.5 m/s with TY and 118% increase at velocity of 3 m/s with TZ. Nusselt numbers increased by 32% with TY and by 157.9% with TZ compared to the plain pipe condition. Therefore, TZ turbulator with a simple structure can significantly enhance the heat transfer performance of double-pipe heat exchangers, making it an ideal option for use in these exchangers.
Secondhand Smoke and Socio-Demographic Associated Factors: Results From the Vietnam Population-Based Provincial Global Adult Tobacco Survey in 2022
Authors: Huong Le Thi Thanh , Tuyet Hanh Tran Thi , Hoang Le Tu , Can Phan Van , Nguyen-Tien Thang , Quynh Anh Nguyen , Thu Trang Phan Thi , Huong Nguyen Thi , Hoang Minh Dao Le , Khue Luong Ngoc , Hai Phan Thi , Linh Nguyen Thuy , Anh Duong Tu , Minh Hoang Van 
Published: May 2024

Background: Secondhand smoke (SHS) has detrimental effects on community health, including coronary heart diseases, stroke, lung cancer etc. This manuscript exploited data from the Vietnam Population-based Provincial Global Adult Tobacco Survey (PGATS) in 2022 to update the prevalence of adult exposure to SHS and associated socio-demographic factors. Methods: With the sample size of 71,981 adults aged 15+ throughout 30 provinces and cities in Vietnam, data was collected using the Global Adult Tobacco Survey (GATS) questionnaire. Bivariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression modelling were performed. Results: In the past 30 days, 44.4% (95% CI: 44.0%-44.9%) adults aged 15+ exposed to SHS at home while 23.1% (95% CI: 22.6%-23.6%) exposed to SHS at work. Female exposure to SHS in the past 30 days was higher at homes but lower at indoor workplaces. Participants aged 15-24 were likely to have higher odds of SHS exposure in the past 30 days to other age groups. Those living in the urban areas had 1.15 times higher odds (95% CI: 1.08-1.22) of exposure to SHS than those in the rural areas. Current smokers tended to have 2.2 times higher odds of exposure to SHS at the indoor workplaces compared to non-smokers (95% CI: 2.05-2.37). Conclusions: The prevalence of exposure to SHS at home was still relatively high amongst the adult population. While there was a significant reduction of SHS exposure at indoor workplaces, there was a higher prevalence of women being exposed to SHS at home. The Government of Vietnam should continue to strictly implement the smoke-free environment resolution at indoor workplaces and appropriate communication campaigns to protect people, especially women from SHS exposure at homes.
The Tell on Telehealth
Authors: Patel Anup D. , Joshi Charuta , Das Rohit , Stern John M. , Herman Susan T. , Gidal Barry E. 
Published: May 2024

Objective: Telehealth in epilepsy care is not new. During the COVID-19 public health emergency, telehealth became more readily used to deliver epilepsy care. However, a summarized guidance of use in caring for people with epilepsy utilizing telehealth is needed. Methods: Existing literature was reviewed to provide guidance on various aspects of telehealth. Billing aspects are reviewed. Recommendations and considerations along with benefits and barriers to telehealth are provided. Results: Telehealth can be a preferred delivery route of care for people with epilepsy in specific situations. Examples include psychiatric complaints, medication management, and follow-up visits for noncomplicated epilepsy care. In addition, telehealth is useful for patients who need postoperative visits, are not able to travel, or live in residential facilities. In-person care may be more suitable for patients who are medically complex, have language barriers or difficulty with resource access, hearing impaired, or have neurostimulation devices where remote monitoring or programming options are infeasible. Discussion: Telehealth care for people with epilepsy can be a useful and important method of care delivery. It should remain an option for providers to use in epilepsy clinical care. It is important for the neurology provider to understand the benefits, billing, and barriers to providing telehealth.