bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical and molecular features of papillary thyroid cancer in adolescents and young adults
Authors: Vriens Menno R. , Moses Willieford , Weng Julie , Peng Miao , Griffin Ann , Bleyer Archie , Pollock Brad H , Indelicato Daniel J. , Hwang Jimmy , Kebebew Electron 
Published: September 2010

AbstractBACKGROUND:Age disparities in thyroid cancer incidence and outcome among adolescents and young adults (AYAs) with thyroid cancer are under reported. In this study, the authors compared the molecular and clinical features of papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) in AYAs with the same features among patients in other age groups.METHODS:One thousand eleven patients underwent initial treatment for PTC at the University of California at San Francisco. Patients were subdivided into 2 age groups: ages 15 to 39 years (the AYA group) and aged ≥40 years. Demographic, clinical, and survival data in the cohort also were compared with data from the National Cancer Instsitute's Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Program. In a subset of the study cohort, the primary tumors were analyzed by genome‐wide expression analyses, genotyping for common somatic mutations, and pathway‐specific gene expression arrays between the age groups.RESULTS:The percentage of women and the lymph node metastasis rate were significantly higher in the AYA group. In the AYA group, the rate of distant metastasis was lower. Disease‐free survival and median overall survival were significantly higher in the AYA group. The better survival in AYA patients also was apparent in the national SEER data. An unsupervised cluster analysis of gene expression data revealed no distinct clustering by age in 96 PTC samples. The frequency and type of somatic mutations in the primary tumors did not differ significantly between age groups (the AYA group vs the group aged ≥40 years). Six genes (extracellular matrix protein 1 [ECM1], v‐erb‐2 erythroblastic leukemia viral oncogene homolog 2 [ERBB2], urinary plasminogen activator [UPA], 6‐phosphofructo‐2‐kinase/fructose‐2,6‐biphosphatase 2 [PFKFB2], meis homeobox 2 [MEIS2], and carbonic anhydrase II [CA2]) had significant differential expression between age groups.CONCLUSIONS:The extent of disease at presentation and the survival of patients with PTC differed between AYAs and older patients. The current results indicated that these differences may be caused by several candidate genes and that these genes are expressed differentially and may play an important role in tumor cell biology. However, no distinct gene expression profiles exist for patients with PTC that distinguish between AYAs and patients aged ≥40 years. Cancer 2011. © 2010 American Cancer Society.
Suicide in patients with pancreatic cancer
Authors: Turaga Kiran K. , Malafa Mokenge P. , Jacobsen Paul B. , Schell Michael J. , Sarr Michael G. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractBACKGROUND:Depression is highly prevalent in patients with pancreatic cancer and can result in fatal outcomes from suicides. The authors report suicide rates among patients with pancreatic cancer in the United States and identify factors associated with greater suicide rates.METHODS:The current study reviewed data in the SEER database for patients diagnosed with pancreatic adenocarcinoma from 1995‐2005. Logistic regression models were used to perform multivariate modeling for factors associated with suicide, while Kaplan‐Meier analysis was used to assess factors affecting survival.RESULTS:Among 36,221 patients followed for 22,145 person‐years, the suicide rate was 135.4 per 100,000 person‐years. The corresponding rate in the US population aged 65‐74 years was 12.5 per 100,000 person‐years, with a Standardized Mortality Ratio (SMR) of 10.8 (95% CI, 9.2‐12.7). Greater suicide rates were noted in males (Odds Ratio (OR) 13.5 [95% CI, 3.2‐56.9, P < .001]) and, among males, in patients undergoing an operative intervention (OR 2.5 [95% CI, 1.0‐6.5, P = .05]). Married men had a lesser risk of committing suicide (OR 0.3 [95% CI, 0.1‐0.6, P = .002]). Median survival among patients undergoing operative intervention was 2 months for those who committed suicide compared with 10 months for those who did not commit suicide.CONCLUSIONS:Male patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma have a risk of suicide nearly 11 times that of the general population. Patients who undergo an operative intervention are more likely to commit suicide, generally in the early postoperative period. Cancer 2011. © 2010 American Cancer Society.
Quality assessment and improvement in diabetes care—an issue now and for the future
Authors: Sun Zi‐lin 
Published: September 2010

AbstractDamin and colleagues in this issue of DMRR Assessing quality of diabetes care and its variation in Aboriginal community health centres in Australia reviewed the quality of diabetes care and its variation among Aboriginal community health centres. They assessed partitioning of variation attributable to health centre and individual patient characteristics. The results demonstrated wide variation across different categories of diabetes care measures and across centres. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
MMP‐2 contributes to the development of the mouse ventral prostate by impacting epithelial growth and morphogenesis
Authors: Bruni‐Cardoso Alexandre , Lynch Conor C. , Rosa‐Ribeiro Rafaela , Matrisian Lynn M. , Carvalho Hernandes F. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractEpithelial growth, branching, and canalization are important morphogenetic events of the rodent ventral prostate (VP) that take place during the first postnatal week. In this study, we evaluated the effect of knocking out MMP‐2 (MMP‐2−/−), by examining developmental and structural aspects of the VP in MMP‐2−/− mice. Neonate (day 6) MMP‐2−/− mice showed fewer epithelial tips, a lower epithelial cell proliferation rate, and also reticulin fiber accumulation. The VP of adult MMP‐2−/− mice showed lower relative weight, smaller epithelial and smooth‐muscle cell volume, and a larger amount of thicker reticulin fibers. No differences in cell proliferation or apoptotic index were noted between adult MMP‐2−/− and wild‐type mice. MMP‐9 was found in the adult MMP‐2−/−, but not in the wild‐type. In conclusion, MMP‐2 function is essential for the epithelial morphogenesis of the mouse VP, and expression of MMP‐9 is not sufficient for acquisition of the normal adult histology. Developmental Dynamics 239:2386–2392, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Development of an electrohydraulic total artificial heart system: Improvement of pump unit
Authors: Homma Akihiko , Taenaka Yoshiyuki , Tatsumi Eisuke , Takewa Yoshiaki , Mizuno Toshihide , Shioya Kyoko , Lee Hwan Sung , Tsukiya Tomonori , Kakuta Yukihide , Katagiri Nobumasa , Nishinaka Tomohiro , Koshiji Kohji 
Published: September 2010

AbstractAn electrohydraulic total artificial heart (EHTAH) system has been developed. The EHTAH system consists of diaphragm‐type blood pumps, and electrohydraulic actuator, an internal control unit, a transcutaneous energy transfer system (TETS), a transcutaneous optical telemetry system (TOTS), and an internal battery. The reciprocating rotation of the impeller generates oil pressure that drives the blood pumps at alternating intervals. The blood pumps and the actuator were successfully integrated into the pump unit without oil conduits. As a result of miniaturizing the blood pumps and the actuator, the displacement volume and weight of the EHTAH system were decreased to 872 ml and 2492 g, respectively. Furthermore, the maximum flow rate and efficiency increased up to 12 L/min and 15.4%. The pump units and the EHTAH systems were successfully implanted in 36 calves weighing from 55 to 87 kg. In the longest case, a calf with the pump unit survived for 87 days and a calf with the EHTAH system survived for 70 days. The EHTAH system was powered by the TETS, and was powered every day by the internal battery for 40 minutes. These results indicate that the EHTAH system has the potential to become a fully implantable cardiac replacement system. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electron Comm Jpn, 93(9): 34–46, 2010; Published online in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com). DOI 10.1002/ecj.10220
Transmission analysis of electromagnetic induction RFID system
Authors: Hirata Katsuhiro , Hamamoto Kentaro , Mitsutake Yoshio , Ota Tomohiro , Yamana Masahito 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThe transmission characteristics of the electromagnetic induction RFID systems are greatly influenced by the distance between the primary and secondary antenna coils and by the materials used in their design. In this paper the induced current of the secondary antenna coil is calculated by the 3D finite element method when both the primary and secondary antenna coils are operated in resonant circuits. The influences of the analyzed parameters on the transmission characteristics are demonstrated. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 173(4): 38–45, 2010; Published online in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com). DOI 10.1002/eej.21019
Study of shunt type SFCL equipped with electromagnetic repulsion switch for large capacity
Authors: Endo Mikihiko , Koyama Tomonori , Takahashi Yousuke , Kaiho Katsuyuki , Yanabu Satoru 
Published: September 2010

AbstractUsing a high‐temperature superconductor, we constructed and tested a model Superconducting Fault Current Limiter (SFCL). The SFCL that we proposed has a vacuum interrupter with electromagnetic repulsion mechanism. We set out to construct a high‐voltage‐class SFCL. We produced an electromagnetic repulsion switch equipped with a 24‐kV vacuum interrupter (VI). However, the opening speed becomes slower, because the larger vacuum interrupter needs a heavier‐weight contact. For this reason, the current which flows in a superconductor may not be interruptible within a half cycle of current. In order to solve this problem, it is necessary to change the design of the coil connected in parallel and to strengthen the electromagnetic repulsion force at the time of opening the vacuum interrupter. Thus, the design of the coil was changed, and in order to examine whether the problem is solvable, a current limiting test was conducted. We carried out a current limiting test using second‐generation (2G) HTS wire. The element used in this experiment has a stainless steel stabilizer on both sides of the wire. In the experiment we succeeded in interrupting the current of a superconductor within a half cycle. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 173(4): 20–27, 2010; Published online in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com). DOI 10.1002/eej.21039
Estimation of system voltage sag profile using recorded sag data
Authors: Tanaka Kazuyuki , Sakashita Tadashi 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThe influence of voltage sags on electrical equipment has become a major issue because of the widespread use of voltage‐sensitive devices. In order to reduce the influence of voltage sags at each customer's site, it is necessary to identify the drop in receiving voltage due to lightning strikes on transmission lines. However, it is hard to directly measure the sag level at every load node.In this report, a new method of efficiently estimating the system voltage sag profile is proposed, based on symmetrical coordinates. In the proposed method, limited sag data recorded at each substation in the power system are used for the estimation. Since the number of recorded nodes is generally far less than the number on the transmission route, a fast method is developed to calculate only the recorded faulted voltage by applying the reciprocity theorem for the Y‐matrix. Furthermore, an effective screening process is used to select limited candidates for the faulted transmission line.Results using the IEEJ East10 standard system and actual 1700 bus system are presented, showing that the estimation accuracy is sufficiently acceptable with lower computational effort. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 173(4): 9–19, 2010; Published online in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com). DOI 10.1002/eej.21061
A Triple‐Decker Heptadecanuclear (CuII)15(CrIII)2 Complex Assembled from Pentanuclear Metallacrowns
Authors: Pavlishchuk Anna V. , Kolotilov Sergey V. , Zeller Matthias , Thompson Laurence K. , Fritsky Igor O. , Addison Anthony W. , Hunter Allen D. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractReaction of the pentanuclear CuII metallacrown [Cu5(ahpha)4](ClO4)·4H2O (ahpha2– is the dianion of 3‐amino‐3‐(hydroximino)propanehydroxamic acid), with Cr(C2O4)33– led to the formation of a heptadecanuclear complex {[Cu5(ahpha)4]3[Cr(C2O4)3]2·4H2O}·8H2O·1/3(DMF) (1·8H2O·1/3(DMF)). This compound contains three stacked Cu5(ahpha)42+ building blocks, linked by axial bonds between Cu2+ ions of one Cu5 metallacrown and hydroxamate oxygen atoms of the neighboring Cu5 unit. Two Cr(C2O4)33– anions are bonded to the two lateral Cu5(ahpha)42+ cations through axial Cu–O(oxalate) bonds. The formation of 1 may be considered the first example of metallacrown trimerization caused by anion metathesis. The compound contains 10 × 13 Å voids (about 25 % of crystal volume), filled with solvate water molecules. The magnetic properties (χMT vs. T) could be fitted as the superposition of the magnetism of 3χMT(CuII5) and 2χMT(CrIII). Exchange interactions within the CuII5 units were fit in the framework of a model based on the Hamiltonian H(CuII5) = –2J1(S1.S5 + S2.S5 + S3.S5 + S4.S5) –2J2(S1.S2 + S2.S3 + S3.S4 + S4.S1), where S5 represents the central Cu2+ ions' spins and the other spin operators correspond to the peripheral Cu2+ ions. With other possible interactions taken into account using a molecular field approach, the best fit correspondedto J1 = –153(5) cm–1, J2 = –71(2) cm–1 and zJ′ = –0.058(4) cm–1.
Photoinduced and thermal oxidation of rapeseed and sunflower oils
Authors: Gromadzka Justyna , Wardencki Waldemar , Pawłowicz Roman , Muszyński Grzegorz 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThe aim of the present study was to compare oxidative stability of different sunflower and rapeseed oils. Ultra violet (UV) irradiation was used as an accelerator of the oil oxidation process. After UV irradiation, the formed volatile compounds were extracted by headspace solid‐phase microextraction HS‐SPME (DVB/CAR/PDMS fibre) and analysed by gas chromatography coupled with a flame ionization detector (GC/FID). At the same time, the same oil samples were thermally oxidized. The induction periods were determined on the basis of hexanal to 2‐trans‐nonenal ratio in the analysed samples. Finally, the obtained results were compared with induction period values obtained through the determination of peroxide and anisidine values, and from the Rancimat method, manostatic test and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) method. The results obtained using the new method were well correlated with those achieved with the well‐established analytical techniques. The values of the induction period obtained after UV/HS‐SPME/GC/FID were up to three times higher than those from Rancimat, but the correlation between these two methods was on a very good level (correlation coefficient R>0.98). Similar correlation was also observed between these new methods and the DSC or manostatic test. In all cases, better results were obtained for rapeseed oils than sunflower oils.
Baking performance of palm diacylglycerol bakery fats and sensory evaluation of baked products
Authors: Cheong Ling‐Zhi , Tan Chin‐Ping , Long Kamariah , Idris Nor Aini , Yusoff Mohd. Suria Affandi , Lai Oi‐Ming 
Published: September 2010

AbstractBaking performance of palm diacylglycerol (PDG)‐enriched fats was evaluated and compared with that of commercial bakery fats. PDG‐enriched shortenings were found to produce cakes with significantly (p<0.05) higher mean values for specific volume than that produced from commercial shortening. As for PDG‐enriched margarines, cookies prepared from PDG‐enriched margarines were found to have reduction in cookies spread as compared to that of commercial shortening. Nevertheless, this reduction was not statistically significant. Sensory evaluation of the baked products was also conducted. Both trained and untrained panelists rated cakes prepared from PDG‐enriched shortenings as having higher moistness, softer, and airier texture than that of commercial shortening. This is in agreement with findings from principal component analysis (PCA). As for cookies, both trained and untrained panelists rated cookies prepared from PDG‐enriched margarines as having softer texture and compactness compared to that prepared from commercial margarine.
Isolation of keratinase from bacterial isolates of poultry soil for waste degradation
Authors: Desai Savitha S. , Hegde Swati , Inamdar Preeti , Sake Nagaraj , Aravind M. S. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractIsolation of two keratinolytic bacterial strains from poultry soil as well as purification and properties of keratinase were investigated. Isolates were designated as KI8101 and KI8102 (KI, keratin isolates) and were identified as Bacillus subtilis and B. licheniformis respectively. The purified enzyme from KI8102 exhibited a high specific activity of 500 U/mg with 71‐fold purification and 41% yield. SDS‐PAGE analysis indicated that the purified keratinase had a molecular mass of 32 kDa. The optimum temperature and pH were 50°C and 7.5, respectively. Its Km was 83.3 μM and Vmax was 71.4 μmol/mL min. The bacterium could potentially degrade keratin waste such as human hair, nails, bovine hair and wool. Therefore, the enzyme could improve the nutritional value of meat and poultry‐processing waste containing keratin and could be a potential candidate for biotechnological processing involving keratin hydrolysis.
Effect of hysteretic smoothness on inelastic response spectra with constant‐ductility
Authors: Song Jong‐Keol , Gavin Henri P. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThis paper presents an efficient methodology for computing constant‐ductility inelastic response spectra. The computation of constant‐ductility spectra involves numerical root‐finding algorithms to find the strongest structure providing a desired ductility response. Smooth inelastic structural behavior is modeled using a first‐order nonlinear differential equation and the transient structural response is solved using an implicit algorithm requiring Newton iterations at each time step. For structural models with smooth hysteretic behavior (not piece‐wise linear), a simple root‐finding method involving a combination of hyperbolic fits, linear interpolation, and Newton's method converges upon the highest strength (conservative) solution with a small number of iterations. The effect of the hysteretic smoothness on the occurrence of multiple roots is examined for two near‐fault and two far‐fault earthquake records, and for two measures of ductility and for normalized hysteretic energy. The results indicate how the smoothness of the hysteretic behavior affects ductility demand and constant‐ductility response spectra. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Dementia services in Australia
Authors: Brodaty Henry , Cumming Anne 
Published: September 2010

AbstractAimTo describe dementia services in Australia.MethodLimited review of current government policies and relevant papers.ResultsAustralians with dementia, currently estimated at 220 000, are expected to number 1.13 million by 2050. In response, Commonwealth and State Australian governments have developed comprehensive plans and systems including expansion of community care services and packages, improvement in quality of residential care and initiatives to address behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia. Alzheimer's Australia, which continues to be a powerful advocate for improvement in services, has pioneered a prevention programme to delay dementia onset.ConclusionFurther developments should aim to increase awareness, reduce stigma, enhance carer support improve timely diagnosis and support for special population groups, notably those from Indigenous and non‐English speaking communities and those with younger onset dementia and correct relative underfunding for dementia research. Dementia care in Australia is well developed but gaps remain. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
LTP‐ and LTD‐inducing stimulations cause opposite changes in arc/arg3.1 mRNA level in hippocampal area CA1 in vivo
Authors: Yilmaz‐Rastoder Eser , Miyamae Takeaki , Braun Amy E. , Thiels Edda 
Published: September 2010

AbstractImmediate early genes (IEGs) typically are the first genetic responders to a variety of cellular activations. The IEG that encodes activity‐regulated cytoskeleton‐associated protein (arc/arg3.1) has attracted much interest because its mRNA is transported to and translated near activated synapses. Moreover, arc has been implicated in both long‐term potentiation (LTP) and long‐term depression (LTD). However, little is known about the time course of altered arc expression during LTP and LTD. Here we characterized arc mRNA levels in area CA1 of the adult rat hippocampus in vivo after LTP‐ and LTD‐inducing stimulations that were identical, except for the temporal patterning of the stimulation pulses. We observed a persistent increase in arc mRNA level during LTP. In contrast, during LTD, arc mRNA level first was decreased and then transiently increased relative to control level. These findings demonstrate that arc mRNA is regulated differently during LTP and LTD, and they provide evidence for stimulation‐induced downregulation of mRNA availability during LTD. Findings of abbreviated LTD when transcription was inhibited indicate that the prolonged maintenance of the type of N‐methyl‐D‐aspartate receptor‐dependent LTD studied here requires de novo transcription. Furthermore, lack of evidence for a LTD‐associated change in the mRNA level of the IEG zif268 demonstrates that the decrease in arc mRNA during LTD is not a general genetic response. Thus, the regulation of arc expression not only differs between LTP and LTD, but also diverges from that of other IEGs implicated in activity‐dependent synaptic plasticity. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
High affinity group III mGluRs regulate mossy fiber input to CA3 interneurons
Authors: Cosgrove Kathleen E. , Meriney Stephen D. , Barrionuevo Germán 
Published: September 2010

AbstractStratum lacunosum‐moleculare interneurons (L‐Mi) in hippocampal area CA3 target the apical dendrite of pyramidal cells providing feedforward inhibition. Here we report that selective activation of group III metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs) 4/8 with L(+)‐2‐amino‐4‐phosphnobytyric acid (L‐AP4; 10 μM) decreased the probability of glutamate release from the mossy fiber (MF) terminals synapsing onto L‐Mi. Consistent with this interpretation, application of L‐AP4 in the presence of 3 mM strontium decreased the frequency of asynchronous MF EPSCs in L‐Mi. Furthermore, the dose response curve showed that L‐AP4 at 400 μM produced no further decrease in MF EPSC amplitude compared with 20 μM L‐AP4, indicating the lack of mGluRs 7 at these MF terminals. We also found that one mechanism of mGluRs 4/8‐mediated inhibition of release is linked to N‐type voltage gated calcium channels at MF terminals. Application of the group III mGluR antagonist MSOP (100 μM) demonstrated that mGluRs 4/8 are neither tonically active nor activated by low and moderate frequencies of activity. However, trains of stimuli to the MF at 20 and 40 Hz delivered during the application of MSOP revealed a relief of inhibition of transmitter release and an increase in the overall probability of action potential firing in the postsynaptic L‐Mi. Interestingly, the time to first action potential was significantly shorter in the presence of MSOP, indicating that mGluR 4/8 activation delays L‐Mi firing in response to MF activity. Taken together, our data demonstrate that the timing and probability of action potentials in L‐Mi evoked by MF synaptic input is regulated by the activation of presynaptic high affinity group III mGluRs. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.