bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Music as a determinant of health among First Nations people in Australia: A scoping narrative review
Authors: Scarfe Brigitta , Apps Kristy , Sunderland Naomi , Graham Phil , Bartleet Brydie‐Leigh , Barry Glenn , Garvey Darren , Cooper Rae , Bracknell Clint 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIssue AddressedWhile social determinants frameworks are still popular in research about First Nations health in Australia, a growing body of research prefers cultural determinants of health models. Cultural determinants models provide a holistic, strength‐based framework to explain connections between health and contextual factors, including the potential role of music and its impact on social and emotional well‐being. Given the growing international recognition of links between music, health, and wellbeing through bodies such as the World Health Organisation, this article examines whether and how music practices are acknowledged in First Nations determinants of health literature.MethodsWe conducted a scoping narrative review of literature from five databases: Scopus, PsycInfo, CINAHL, PubMed and ProQuest Central. The search returned 60 articles published since 2017, which we analysed in NVivo for common themes.ResultsMusic was only explicitly identified as a determinant of health in two studies. Yet, participants in five studies identified music and song as directly impacting their social and emotional well‐being. When we broadened our frame of analysis to include other forms of expressive cultural practice, one quarter of included studies empirically acknowledged the role of expressive cultural practice for social and emotional well‐being.ConclusionWhile many recent studies identify the impact of First Nations' expressive practices broadly, they miss important features of First Nations music as a potentially unique cultural, social, political and ecological determinant of health.So What?There is an opportunity for future research and health determinant modelling to explicitly examine the role of First Nations music and other creative practices for social and emotional well‐being.
Rainfall interception by urban trees: Event characteristics and tree morphological traits
Authors: Anys Markus , Weiler Markus 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe rapid expansion of impermeable surfaces in cities has a major impact on urban hydrology by reducing rainwater infiltration and increasing runoff rates and peaks. The use of urban trees as stormwater management tools is gaining recognition for their potential to mitigate flood risk and provide additional ecosystem services. We conducted an in‐situ field experiment to measure throughfall on Norway maple (Acer platanoides) and small‐leaved lime (Tilia cordata) to assess the interception capacity of solitary urban trees under different degrees of surface sealing in the city of Freiburg, Germany. We examined the relationships between rainfall characteristics, tree morphological traits, and the interception behaviour, analysing eight trees per species over 76 recorded rainfall events from April to September 2021. Average interception values were higher for small‐leaved lime trees (70.3% ± 6.6%) than for Norway maple (54.8% ± 10.3%) surpassing those in typical forested environments. The average interception loss of all recorded events was 2.6 ± 0.6 mm for Norway maple and 3.7 ± 0.3 mm for small‐leaved lime. For both tree species, significant linear correlations were found between the relative interception and factors such as rainfall depths, the leaf area index (LAI), and the plant area index (PAI) (adj. R2 >0.45). Unlike Norway maple, small‐leaved lime demonstrated significant relationships between several tree morphological parameters and interception (adj. R2 >0.43). The LAI of both species significantly decreased with the increasing degree of surface sealing, which in turn affected interception rates. Our results enhance the understanding of the interception process by solitary trees in urban contexts and enables the parameterization of interception rates using measurable properties. To develop a comprehensive database for modelling parameters and aid urban planners in stormwater management, further field experiments involving various tree species are essential.
Comparison of the performance of NIPT and NIPT‐plus for fetal chromosomal aneuploidy and high Z‐score increases the positive predictive value
Authors: Liu Siping , Xu Yushuang , Chang Qingxian , Jia Bei , Li Fenxia 
Published: April 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate non‐invasive prenatal testing (NIPT) and expanded non‐invasive prenatal testing (NIPT‐plus) for detecting aneuploidies at different sequencing depths and assess Z‐score accuracy in predicting trisomies 21, 18, 13, 45X, and 47XXX.MethodsPregnancies with positive NIPT or NIPT‐plus results detected at the prenatal diagnosis center of Nanfang Hospital were included in this retrospective study, between January 2017 and December 2022. Invasive prenatal diagnostic results were collected. Logistic regression analyses were used to study the relationship between Z‐score and positive predictive value (PPV). Optimal cut‐off values were obtained based on receiver operating characteristic analysis, and PPVs were calculated in different groups.ResultsWe evaluated 1348 pregnant women with positive results, including 930 reported by NIPT and 418 reported by NIPT‐plus. NIPT reported significantly more rare chromosomal aneuploidies (RCAs), and NIPT‐plus had a significantly higher PPV for trisomy 21 (T21). Logistic regression analyses showed a significant association (P < 0.001) between Z‐score and PPVs for T21 and trisomy 18 (T18). A linear relationship was observed between fetal fraction (FF) and Z‐values in the true positive cases of T21 and T18.The high Z‐score group had significantly higher PPVs than the low Z‐score group for T21, T18, trisomy 13, and 47XXX, but not for 45X.ConclusionThe Z‐score is helpful in assessing NIPT or NIPT‐plus results. Therefore, we suggest including the Z‐score and FF in the results. By combining the Z‐score, FF, and maternal age, clinicians can interpret NIPT results more accurately and improve personal counsel to reduce patients' anxiety.
Organization of the blood system of rhynchonellid brachiopodHemithiris psittacea(Brachiopoda: Rhynchonelliformea)
Authors: Kuzmina Tatyana , Kuzmin Vladislav , Bogomolova Ekaterina , Malakhov Vladimir 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe brachiopods are sessile invertebrates with an unusual blood system, which consists of a long‐branched dorsal vessel. It is still unknown how blood circulates in this system. In the present study, for the first time we propose the circulation of blood in brachiopodHemithiris psittaceabased on morphological and experimental data. The main heart is located on the dorsal side of the stomach and divides the dorsal vessel into anterior and posterior parts. The anterior part enters the lophophore, where it gives off blind branches to each tentacle. The posterior part passes by the funnels of the nephridia and forms a blindly closed network in the gonads. We suggest that the circulation of blood includes three successive stages. During the first phase of systole of the main heart, blood flows through the anterior dorsal vessel. During the second phase of systole, blood flows through the posterior dorsal vessel. During diastole, blood flows from the anterior and posterior vessels and fills the main heart. The origin of a peculiar blood system in brachiopods can be explained by reduction of the ventral vessel, which is probably correlates with the reduction of the ventral side of the brachiopod ancestor's body. Another peculiarity of brachiopod blood system is the presence of an ampullar heart, which functions as a blood depot and allows blood to move in the vessels in two directions in an oscillatory mode. The brachiopod blood system contains vessels lacking true endothelium and can be classified as an “incompletely closed” type.
Cardiovascular MRI Reference Ranges for Heart, Aorta, and Pulmonary Artery in Healthy Chinese Children
Authors: Cao Yukun , Peng Hua , Zhang Kailu , Huang Mengting , Luo Qinyue , Li Hanting , Li Yumin , Wang Lin , Shi Heshui 
Published: April 2024

BackgroundCardiovascular magnetic resonance (cardiac MR) reference ranges in Chinese children are lacking.PurposeTo establish age‐ and sex‐specific reference ranges for cardiac MR parameters in a cohort of healthy Chinese children.Study TypeRetrospective.SubjectsOne hundred ninety‐six healthy children (mean age 9.5 ± 3.6 years, 111 boys).Field Strength/Sequence1.5 T; balanced steady‐state free precession.AssessmentBiventricular volume and ejection fractions (EF), left atrial (LA) volume, right atrial (RA) area, left ventricular (LV) mass and thickness, aortic root (AR), and main pulmonary artery (MPA) dimensions were measured. Parameters were compared between age groups and sex. The relationships between parameters and age, body mass index (BMI) and body surface area (BSA) were investigated.Statistical TestsIndependent‐samples t tests; Pearson's correlation. A P value <0.05 was considered statistically significant.ResultsGenerally, boys exhibited greater absolute measurements of LV volume (end‐diastolic: 94.4 ± 29.5 vs. 81.3 ± 31.0 mL), LA volume (end‐diastolic: 42.6 ± 13.4 vs. 38.0 ± 13.3 mL), RA area (end‐diastolic: 11.6 ± 2.5 vs. 10.8 ± 2.6 cm2), LV thickness (base: 4.4 ± 1.1 vs. 3.8 ± 0.9 mm), AR dimensions (annuls: 16.3 ± 2.7 vs. 15.0 ± 2.8 mm), and MPA dimensions (14.3 ± 2.3 vs. 13.1 ± 2.4 mm) than girls did. However, these differences were not observed when the measurements were normalized to BSA (LV volume: 75.3 ± 11.7 vs. 71.9 ± 12.3 mL/m2, P = 0.052; LA volume: 34.8 ± 8.9 vs. 34.5 ± 7.6 mL/m2, P = 0.783; RA area: 9.7 ± 2.3 vs. 10.2 ± 2.3 cm2/m2, P = 0.107; LV thickness: 3.6 ± 0.7 vs. 3.6 ± 0.9 mm/m2, P = 0.990; AR: 13.6 ± 2.7 vs. 14.3 ± 3.4 mm/m2, P = 0.108; MPA: 11.9 ± 2.3 vs. 12.4 ± 2.4 mm/m2, P = 0.118). Boys had greater RV volume (end‐diastolic: 98.7 ± 33.5 vs. 82.7 ± 33.1 mL) and LV mass (52.6 ± 20.2 vs. 41.4 ± 16.0 g) compared to girls, irrespective of whether the values were indexed or not for BSA. Additionally, there were significant associations between age, BMI, and BSA with biventricular volume, LA volume, RA area, LV mass and thickness, AR and MPA dimensions in both boys and girls.Data ConclusionThis study suggests reference ranges at 1.5 T for Chinese children.Evidence Level3Technical EfficacyStage 2
Safety, immunogenicity, and protective effective of inhaled COVID‐19 vaccines: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Song Gao , Li Rong , Cheng Meng‐qun 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis study aimed to examine the safety, immunogenicity and protective effective of inhaled COVID‐19 vaccines (ICVs). Literature research was done through EMBASE, Cochrane, PubMed, and Web of Science up to 10 March 2024. Pooled estimates with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI) were computed and compared using the random effects and common effects model. Of the 15 studies, 11 analyzed safety, 13 analyzed immunogenicity, and 3 analyzed protective effective. The results showed a favorable safety profile of ICVs for primary vaccination series, however it does not always seem to produce the expected immune response and protective effective. Meta‐analysis of ICVs booster vaccinations (BVs) showed that the levels of neutralizing antibody Geometric mean titer (nAb‐GMT) with aerosolised Ad5‐nCoV (AAd5‐nCoV) were all higher than those with inactivated vaccine (INA‐nCoV) (standard mean difference (SMD) = 2.32; 95% CI: 1.96–2.69) and intramuscular Ad5‐nCoV (IMAd5‐nCoV) (SMD = 0.31; 95% CI: 0.14–0.48) against the original strain of SARS‐CoV‐2. Importantly, we also observed similar results in the omicron variant. In addition, ICV in BVs has high mucosal immunity to IgA antibodies. The risk of adverse events was comparable or lower for AAd5‐nCoV compared to INA‐nCoV or IMAd5‐nCoV. Current evidence shows that the safety profile of ICVs were well. The booster dose of AAd5‐nCoV had a high immune response (including mucosal immunity) and provided protection against COVID‐19 caused by the SARS‐CoV‐2 omicron variant. Further studies are needed to investigate the long‐term safety of intranasal vaccine booster protection and various types of ICVs.
Structure, functional and physicochemical properties of lotus seed protein under different pH environments
Authors: Zhong Xin , Li Ying‐Qiu , Sun Gui‐Jin , Wang Chen‐Ying , Liang Yan , Zhao Xiang‐Zhong , Hua Dong‐Liang , Chen Lei , Mo Hai‐Zhen 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe present study investigated the structure, functional and physicochemical properties of lotus seed protein (LSP) under different pH environments. The structures of LSP were characterized by sodium dodecyl sulfate‐polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), zeta potential, particle size distributions, free sulfhydryl and rheological properties. The functional and physicochemical properties of LSP were characterized by color, foaming property, emulsification property, solubility, oil holding capacity, water holding capacity, differential scanning calorimetry analysis and surface hydrophobicity.RESULTSLSP was mainly composed of eight subunits (18, 25, 31, 47, 51, 56, 65 and 151 kDa), in which the richest band was 25 kDa. FTIR results showed that LSP had high total contents of α‐helix and β‐sheet (44.81–46.85%) in acidic environments. Meanwhile, there was more β‐structure and random structure in neutral and alkaline environments (pH 7.0 and 9.0). At pH 5.0, LSP had large particle size (1576.98 nm), high emulsion stability index (91.43 min), foaming stability (75.69%) and water holding capacity (2.21 g g−1), but low solubility (35.98%), free sulfhydryl content (1.95 μmol g−1) and surface hydrophobicity (780). DSC analysis showed the denaturation temperatures (82.23 °C) of LSP at pH 5.0 was higher than those (80.10, 80.52 and 71.82 °C) at pH 3.0, 7.0 and 9.0. The analysis of rheological properties showed that LSP gel had high stability and great strength in an alkaline environment.CONCLUSIONThe findings of the present study are anticipated to serve as a valuable reference for the implementation of LSP in the food industry. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
Autoignition enhancement of methane by admixture of low fraction of acetaldehyde: Simulations and RCM experiments in stoichiometric and rich mixtures
Authors: Najafi Seyed B. Nourani , Gersen Sander , Hashemi Hamid , Glarborg Peter , Mokhov Anatoli V. , Levinsky Howard B. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe effect of small fractions of acetaldehyde (CH3CHO) on the ignition delay time of methane (CH4) was examined at high pressure. Measurements are reported for the ignition delay time obtained in a rapid compression machine (RCM) at a compression pressure (Pc) of ∼60 bar and temperatures after compression (Tc) in the range 750–900 K for fuel‐air equivalence ratios ϕ in the range 1–4. The results show that mixtures of 2%–5% CH3CHO in CH4 ignite under conditions at which pure methane does not ignite experimentally. The efficiency of acetaldehyde as a promoter seems to be comparable to that of other oxygenated fuels like alcohols and ethers. For comparison with the experimental results, ignition delay times are computed using an updated reaction mechanism and two mechanisms from the literature for CH3CHO oxidation. For most conditions, the simulations using the current mechanism agree with the measurements to within a factor of two. The ignition profile shows a pre‐ignition temperature rise and two‐stage ignition similar to that previously observed in low fractions of dimethyl ether in ammonia; both phenomena are captured by the simulations. Analysis of simulations at constant volume indicates that CH3CHO is oxidized much more rapidly than CH4, producing reactive species that initiate the oxidation of CH4 and generates heat that accelerates oxidation toward ignition. The low‐temperature chain‐branching reactions of CH3CHO are important in the early oxidation of the fuel mixture. Additional simulations were performed for equivalence ratios of ϕ = 1 and 4, at a compression pressure (Pc) of 100 bar and Tc = 750–1000 K. The simulations indicate that CH3CHO has a strong ignition‐enhancing effect on CH4, with small fractions reducing the ignition delay time by up to a factor of 100, depending on the temperature, as compared to pure CH4.
Distinct risk profiles for short‐term surgical complications and venous thromboembolism exist among extensor mechanism repair procedures
Authors: Baird Henry B. G. , Heffron Walker M. , Pullen W. Michael , Slone Harris S. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractPurposeExtensor mechanism injuries, which comprise patella fractures, patella tendon tears and quadriceps tendon tears, are severely debilitating injuries and a common cause of traumatic knee pathology that requires surgical intervention. Risk factors for short‐term surgical complications and venous thromboembolism (VTE) in this population have not been well characterised. The aim of this study was to identify perioperative risk factors associated with these short‐term complications.MethodsThe National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database was used to identify patients who underwent an isolated, primary extensor mechanism repair from 2015 to 2020. Patients were stratified by injury type. Demographic data were collected and compared. A multivariate logistic regression was used to control for demographic and comorbid factors while assessing risk factors for developing short‐term complications.ResultsA total of 8355 patients were identified for inclusion in this study. Overall, 3% of patients sustained short‐term surgical complications and 1% were diagnosed with VTE within 30 days of surgery. Patella fracture fixation had a nearly twofold higher risk for surgical complications compared to quadriceps tendon repair (p = 0.004). Patella tendon repair had a twofold higher risk for VTE (p = 0.045), specifically deep vein thrombosis (p = 0.020), compared to patella fracture fixation. Increasing age, smoking and American Society of Anesthesiologists Classifications 3 and 4 were also found to be risk factors for surgical complications (p = 0.012, p = 0.004, p = 0.011 and p = 0.032, respectively).ConclusionThis study used a nationally representative, widely validated, peer‐reviewed database to provide valuable insights into risk factors for short‐term postoperative complications associated with extensor mechanism repair procedures, revealing notable differences in risk profiles among distinct surgical procedures. The results of this study will inform surgeons and patients in enhancing risk assessment, guiding procedure‐specific decision‐making, optimising preoperative care, improving postoperative monitoring and contributing to future research of extensor mechanism injuries.Level of EvidenceLevel III.
The tibial capsular reflection and septum in posterior compartment are safe and reliable soft‐tissue landmark for tibial tunnel drilling in posterior cruciate ligament reconstruction
Authors: Niu Yingzhen , Li Zhikuan , Chen Zhen , Zheng Yi , Zhang Zhenfeng , Zhang Zhuangdai , Ma Jun , Dong Jiangtao 
Published: April 2024

AbstractPurposeTo investigate the validity of using tibial capsular reflection and septum in the posterior compartment as landmark during posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) reconstruction (PCLR).MethodsAnatomic measurements were obtained for 12 fresh human cadaveric knee specimens to observe the spatial position of the tibial insertion of the PCL in relation to the posterior septum and the capsular reflection in the posterior compartment. Sixty patients who underwent reconstruction of the PCL between 2020 and 2023 were also retrospectively investigated. The tibial tunnel was replaced in all patients using the same method (with reference to the tibial capsular reflection and the posterior septum). The placement of the tibial tunnel was assessed using X‐ray fluoroscopy intraoperatively and computed tomography and three‐dimensional reconstruction postoperatively.ResultsAll fibres in the tibial insertion of the PCL in the 12 cadaveric specimens were located in the posteromedial compartment, adjacent to the posterior septum. The inferior border of the PCL insertion is adjacent to the tibial capsular reflection, which is attached at the champagne glass drop‐off of the posterior tibia. In our previous cases, none of the patients experienced postoperative or intraoperative complications such as neurovascular injury, and the angle between the pin and the PCL facet was 93.1 ± 3.9° as measured on intraoperative radiographs. The mean distance from the centre of the tibial tunnel outlet to the inferior border of the PCL insertion was 5.6 ± 1.1 mm, and the distance from the centre of the tibial tunnel outlet to the outer border of the PCL insertion as a percentage of the length of the inferior border of PCL insertion was 42.2 ± 6.3%.ConclusionThe tibial capsular reflection and septum in the posterior compartment are safe and reliable soft‐tissue landmark for tibial tunnel drilling in PCLR.Level of EvidenceLevel Ⅳ.
Females present larger deficit in heel‐rise height at 3 months following an Achilles tendon rupture compared with males
Authors: Larsson Elin , Nilsson Niklas , Walstern Julia , Brorsson Annelie , Helander Katarina Nilsson 
Published: April 2024

AbstractPurposeThere is a lack of knowledge concerning differences between females and males in the early stages after an acute Achilles tendon rupture. This article aims to explore the different factors affecting early function after an Achilles tendon rupture with a validated test battery that includes functional tests, clinical measurements and patient‐reported outcome at a 3‐month follow‐up analysis of a larger prospective study.MethodsThis study was part of the DUSTAR‐study (Diagnostic UltraSonography for the choice of Treatment of acute Achilles tendon Rupture) where the main aim was to evaluate if an acute ultrasonography could determine which patients, with an Achilles tendon rupture, should be treated surgically or nonsurgically. At the 3‐month follow‐up, the results between males and females were compared.ResultsOne hundred and twenty‐seven patients were included at the 3‐month follow‐up; of these, 102 (80%) were males and 25 (20%) were females. Amongst the females, 11 (44%) were able to perform a single leg heel‐rise compared to 48 (47%) of the males; however, the difference was not statistically significant. There was no difference between the sexes in the frequency of completing a single‐leg heel‐rise at 3 months after injury; however, there were statistically significant differences between the groups when comparing Limb Symmetry Index (LSI) of heel‐rise height and heel‐rise work. The females had a median heel‐rise height LSI/median heel‐rise work LSI of 45%/14% compared to males who reached a level of 57%/23% (p = 0.006/p = 0.010). At the 3‐month follow‐up, the median (range) Achilles tendon Total Rupture Score (ATRS) reported by females was 28.5 (8–51), which had a nonsignificant difference compared to males who reported a median (range) ATRS of 30 (1–86).ConclusionThe risk of reduced heel‐rise height and worse heel‐rise work 3 months after an acute Achilles tendon rupture increases by being a female. Through this knowledge, we highlighted the importance of an individualised treatment for acute Achilles tendon ruptures with better outcome for both males and females.Level of EvidenceLevel II.