bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Detecting and Managing Inter-Reservoir Communication between Two Stacked Reservoirs
Authors: SayedAkram Nawaf I. , Tubayyeb Abdulaziz S. , Ansah Joseph , Shamrani Sultan S. 
Published: May 2012

Abstract
The challenge of how to effectively manage a field with multiple reservoirs that are in hydraulic communication comes up routinely when the field is under waterflood. Conventional management of such fields can result in many undesired outcomes such as a premature water production caused by cross-channeling from different reservoirs, inefficient pressure support to some of the individual reservoirs, or large volumes of bypassed oil. The main challenge that leads to such outcomes is the ability to identify the medium and magnitude of the inter-reservoir communication within the field. This paper addresses a field practice to pinpoint the communication between two reservoirs while the field is on production, along with its capability to further improve the effective reservoir management.
The field consists of two large carbonate reservoirs separated by thick non-reservoir formation. Historical data proved the inter-reservoir communication in the field. I-Field technology was a primary component in the development of this field. This technology has become a tool for an effective day-to-day reservoir management. This enables pro-active management rather than the traditional, re-active, management with respect to field life due to its added advantage of early detection of anomalies and subsequently enhances characterization. In this field, i-field facilitated a field-wide interference test that was conducted prior to field production start-up to help with field characterization including inter-reservoir communication between the two reservoirs.
Field cases describing the integration of static and dynamic data that led to better understanding of the field are presented. Results of this study will play a major role in building a robust dynamic model that can capture the fluids exchange between the two reservoirs. Such model will become an important tool for managing both reservoirs in order to maximize ultimate recovery from the field.
Anthropological Foundation of Dialogue
Authors: Juhant Janez 
Published: May 2012

Anthropological Foundation of DialogueThe dialogue of the society in the post-communist countries seems to be a problem. Both the post-communist countries and in the countries with a long democratic tradition are developing the postmodern individualistic mentality. On the orther hand, the world is becoming a unity, throug economic and productive processes. A man tries to solve his own problems, yet he is not prepared to share his own life and participate in the community. This is the one of the greatest problems of the so-called postmodern society. Present world is full of conflicts, not only in level of Islamic and the Christian world, but we, people of dialogue can solve them.
The Search for the Identity of the Church of Christ
Authors: Paločko Štefan 
Published: May 2012

The Search for the Identity of the Church of Christ
If we consider Christ to be the only Savior, then it is also necessary to find his Church, his mystical body, where the salvation of man is realized. After two thousand years of existence of Christendom, we can observe more than 25.000 different Christian communities that claim to be the Church founded by Christ, or to be the part of it. This paper brings a method of finding the Church founded by Jesus Christ for our salvation among many churches and Christian confessions that exist today.
The Relationship Between 1 Hour Glycemia, During Oral Glucose Tolerance Test and Cardiometabolic Risk
Authors: Albai Oana , Timar Romulus 
Published: May 2012

The Relationship Between 1 Hour Glycemia, During Oral Glucose Tolerance Test and Cardiometabolic RiskBackground Diabetes mellitus is a very common disease, worldwide there are currently over 366 million diabetics. It seems that people with normal glucose tolerance and blood glucose at 1 hour during OGTT ≥200mg% represent an intermediate phenotype of abnormal glucose metabolism, another disturbance of carbohydrate metabolism that is associated with increased cardiometabolic risk. Objectives Starting from these premises, we decided to analyze the subjects with glucose at 1 hour during OGTT ≥200mg%, but with normal values for fasting glucose and 2 hours glucose. In this subgroup of subjects some parameters of CMR were analyzed. We also performed a comparison of this subgroup of subjects with both normal glucose tolerance and 1-hour glucose <200mg%, and with those with abnormal glucose tolerance. Results According to currently used recommendations to diagnose diabetes mellitus, from the 778 people included in this study, 167 (21.5%) had disturbances of carbohydrate metabolism, being classified as patoglycemic and 611 persons (78.5%) had normal values of fasting glucose and 2 hours glucose during OGTT, being considered normoglycemic. From the 611 people who were classified as normal glucose tolerance, based on the currently used criteria for diagnosis of diabetes mellitus, a total of 44 persons (7.2%) had, however, the value of 1-hour glucose during OGTT ≥200mg%, which represents 5.6% of the entire group studied. Conclusions Patients with normal glucose tolerance and glucose ≥200mg% at 1 hour during OGTT represent a new subgroup of impaired glucose tolerance, which requires strict lifestyle advice and possibly pharmacological measures to prevent or delay progression to abnormal glucose tolerance.
Predictors of Changes in Physical Properties of Skin in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Crăciun Anca-Elena , Moldovan Mirela , Rusu Adriana , Niţă Cristina , Crăciun C. , Tătaru A. 
Published: May 2012

Predictors of Changes in Physical Properties of Skin in Patients with Diabetes MellitusIntroduction: The skin, the largest human organ, is often affected by diabetes mellitus (DM). We know that DM affects the hydration of stratum corneum (SC), the sebum content of the skin and to some extent, the barrier function of the epidermis and elasticity, but we do not know the factors leading to these changes. Objectives: The objectives of this study were to determine the factors associated with changes in physical properties of the skin (skin hydration degree, sebumetry, transepidermal water loss and skin elasticity) in patients with diabetes. Materials and methods: The physical properties of the skin were assessed using the Multi Probe Adapter Systems MPA ® (Courage-Khazaka, Germany) in 57 patients with diabetes and 46 non-diabetic. Results: Statistical analysis of the entire group of 103 subjects showed a significant association between female gender and decreased SC hydration (p<0.05 in all cases), decreased values of transepidermal water loss (TEWL) (β=-0.282, p=0.006) and decreased elasticity of the skin in forearm (β=-0.216, p=0.043). Also, the presence of DM was negatively associated with levels of SC hydration measured on the forearm (β=-0.281, p=0.005). Furthermore, in patients with diabetes, the presence of diabetic neuropathy (DNP) was negatively associated with the hydration of SC measured at all levels (forearm: β=-0.465, p<0.001; leg: β=-0.590, p<0.001; tight: β=-0.198, p<0.001). The observed relationship was independent of age and sex of the participants (p<0.05 after adjustment for age and sex). Regarding skin elasticity, increasing age was associated with lower levels of skin elasticity both in entire group and in patients with DM, at all sites of measurements (p<0.05 in all cases). Additionally, in patients with diabetes, elasticity of the skin measured at forearm and tight was negativelly associated with type of DM (forearm: β=-0.335, p=0.023; tight: β=-0.522, p<0.001). In our study, nor diabetes neither DNP were not associated with TEWL values. Conclusions: The presence of DNP seems to be the main predictor of decreased SC hydration in all measuring points and skin elasticity is significantly associated with age. There are some gender-related modification in physical properties of the skin. Surprisingly, type 2 DM was associated with reduced elasticity in the thigh, and this association was independent of age and sex.
Oceanic mechanical forcing of a marine-terminating Greenland glacier
Authors: Walter Jacob I. , Box Jason E. , Tulaczyk Slawek , Brodsky Emily E. , Howat Ian M. , Ahn Yushin , Brown Abel 
Published: May 2012

AbstractDynamics of marine-terminating major outlet glaciers are of high interest because of their potential for drawing down large areas of the Greenland ice sheet. We quantify short-term changes in ice flow speed and calving at a major West Greenland glacier and examine their relationship to the presence of the sea-ice melange and tidal stage. A field campaign at the terminus of Store Gletscher (70.40˚N, 50.55˚W) spanning the spring and summer of 2008 included four broadband seismometers, three time-lapse cameras, a tide gauge, an automatic weather station and an on-ice continuous GPS station. Sub-daily fluctuations in speed coincide with two modes of oceanic forcing: (1) the removal of the ice melange from the terminus front and (2) tidal fluctuations contributing to speed increases following ice melange removal. Tidal fluctuations in ice flow speed were observed 16km from the terminus and possibly extend further. Seismic records suggest that periods of intensive calving activity coincide with ice-flow acceleration following breakup of the melange in spring. A synchronous increase in speed at the front and clearing of the melange suggests that the melange directly resists ice flow. We estimate a buttressing stress (~30–60 kPa) due to the presence of the ice melange that is greater than expected from the range of observed tides, though an order of magnitude less than the driving stress.
Effects of Reynolds and Prandtl Number on Mixed Convection in an Octagonal Channel with a Heat-Generating Hollow Cylinder
Authors: Parvin S. , Nasrin R. 
Published: May 2012

A numerical study has been executed to analyze the effects of Reynolds and Prandtl number on mixed convective flow and heat transfer characteristics inside an octagonal vertical channel in presence of a heat-generating hollow circular cylinder placed at the centre. All the walls of the octagon are considered to be adiabatic. Galerkin weighted residual finite element method is used to solve the governing equations of mass, momentum and energy. Results are presented in terms of streamlines, isotherms, the average Nusselt number and the maximum fluid temperature for different combinations of controlling parameters namely, Reynolds number, Prandtl number and Richardson number. The results indicate that the flow and thermal fields as well as the heat transfer rate and the maximum fluid temperature in the octagonal channel depend significantly on the mentioned parameters.Keywords: Heat-generation; Hollow cylinder; Octagonal channel; Mixed convection; Finite element method.© 2012 JSR Publications. ISSN: 2070-0237 (Print); 2070-0245 (Online). All rights reserved.doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jsr.v4i2.8142 J. Sci. Res. 4 (2), 337-348 (2012)
On Left Centralizers of Semiprime &Gamma;-Rings
Authors: Dey K. K. , Paul A. C. 
Published: May 2012

Let M be a semiprime G-ring satisfying an assumption xaybz = xbyaz for all x, y, z?M, a, b?G. In this paper, we prove that a mapping T: M ? M is a centralizer if and only if it is a centralizing left centralizer. We also show that if T and S are left centralizers of M such that T(x)a x + x a S(x)?Z(M) (the center of M) for all x?M, a?G, then both T and S are centralizers. Keywords: Semiprime G-ring; Left (right) centralizer; Centralizer; Commuting mapping; Centralizing mapping: Extended centroid.© 2012 JSR Publications. ISSN: 2070-0237 (Print); 2070-0245 (Online). All rights reserved.doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jsr.v4i2.8691 J. Sci. Res. 4 (2), 349-356 (2012)
Applicability of Vaisburd and Evdokimov Model to Ionic Targets
Authors: Sabrin F. , Uddin M. A. , Haque A. K. F. 
Published: May 2012

The Vaisburd and Evdokimov proposed an empirical model to calculate the electron impact single ionization cross-sections of atoms and molecules. The model has been applied to some atoms and molecules. To examine the efficiency of the model, the present work applies the model to calculate cross-sections for Ne-isonuclear series Ne+, Ne2+, Ne3+, Ne4+, Ne5+, Ne6+, Ne7+, Ne8+, Ne9+ . The separate sets of values of the parameters of the model are determined by comparison with the available experimental data using a non-linear least-squares fitting computer code. Keywords: Electron impact ionization; Empirical model; Ionic targets. © 2012 JSR Publications. ISSN: 2070-0237 (Print); 2070-0245 (Online). All rights reserved. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jsr.v4i2.8704 J. Sci. Res. 4 (2), 307-313 (2012)
Effect of Ca-substitution on the Magnetic and Dielectric Properties of Mn-Zn Ferrites
Authors: Rahman M. M. , Halder P. K. , Ahmed F. , Hossain T. , Rahaman M. 
Published: May 2012

Spinel Mn-Zn ferrites with composition MnxZn0.4Ca0.6-2xFe2+xO4, where x = 0.10, 0.15, 0.20, 0.25 and 0.30 have been prepared by conventional ceramic technique sintered at 1300 °C for 4 hours. The influence of Ca-substitution on various properties of Mn-Zn ferrites have been studied in this work. Investigations were carried out by the measurements of Curie temperature, permeability, loss tangent, Q-factor, dielectric constant and AC resistivity of the samples. Curie temperature (Tc), the real part of initial permeability (µ´), loss tangent (tan ?), and AC resistivity have been found to be decreased while the Q-factor increases with the increase in Ca-content. The frequency characteristics of the dielectric constant and AC resistivity have been found to be decreased as the frequency increases. Maxwell-Wagner interfacial type of dielectric polarization was observed with the addition of Ca-content over the entire range of frequency considered. Keywords: Spinel ferrites; Sintering temperature; Initial permeability; Dielectric constant.© 2012 JSR Publications. ISSN: 2070-0237 (Print); 2070-0245 (Online). All rights reserved.doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jsr.v4i2.9752 J. Sci. Res. 4 (2), 297-306 (2012)
Development and characterization of microsatellite markers for Berberis thunbergii (Berberidaceae)
Authors: Allen Jenica M. , Obae Samuel G. , Brand Mark H. , Silander John A. , Jones Kenneth L. , Nunziata Schyler O. , Lance Stacey L. 
Published: April 2012

• Premise of the study: Microsatellite markers were isolated and characterized in Berberis thunbergii, an invasive and ornamental shrub in the eastern United States, to assess genetic diversity among populations and potentially identify horticultural cultivars.• Methods and Results: A total of 12 loci were identified for the species. Eight of the loci were polymorphic and were screened in 24 individuals from two native (Tochigi and Ibaraki prefectures, Japan) and one invasive (Connecticut, USA) population and 21 horticultural cultivars. The number of alleles per locus ranged from three to seven, and observed heterozygosity ranged from 0.048 to 0.636.• Conclusions: These new markers will provide tools for examining genetic relatedness of B. thunbergii plants in the native and invasive range, including phylogeographic studies and assessment of rapid evolution in the invasive range. These markers may also provide tools for examining hybridization with other related species in the invasive range.
Unique expression of a sporophytic character on the gametophytes of notholaenid ferns (Pteridaceae)
Authors: Johnson Anne K. , Rothfels Carl J. , Windham Michael D. , Pryer Kathleen M. 
Published: April 2012

• Premise of the study: Not all ferns grow in moist, shaded habitats; some lineages thrive in exposed, seasonally dry environments. Notholaenids are a clade of xeric‐adapted ferns commonly characterized by the presence of a waxy exudate, called farina, on the undersides of their leaves. Although some other lineages of cheilanthoid ferns also have farinose sporophytes, previous studies suggested that notholaenids are unique in also producing farina on their gametophytes. For this reason, consistent farina expression across life cycle phases has been proposed as a potential synapomorphy for the genus Notholaena. Recent phylogenetic studies have shown two species with nonfarinose sporophytes to be nested within Notholaena, with a third nonfarinose species well supported as sister to all other notholaenids. This finding raises the question: are the gametophytes of these three species farinose like those of their close relatives, or are they glabrous, consistent with their sporophytes?• Methods: We sowed spores of a diversity of cheilanthoid ferns onto culture media to observe and document whether their gametophytes produced farina. To place these species within a phylogenetic context, we extracted genomic DNA, then amplified and sequenced three plastid loci. The aligned data were analyzed using maximum likelihood to generate a phylogenetic tree.• Key results: Here we show that notholaenids lacking sporophytic farina also lack farina in the gametophytic phase, and notholaenids with sporophytic farina always display gametophytic farina (with a single exception). Outgroup taxa never displayed gametophytic farina, regardless of whether they displayed farina on their sporophytes.• Conclusions: Notholaenids are unique among ferns in consistently expressing farina across both phases of the life cycle.
Recherche comparative internationale à la base de trois méthodes de LSP
Authors: Verjans Martine 
Published: April 2012

Linguaplan Limburg, recherche comparative internationale, a d’abord dressé l’inventaire des problèmes d’ordre linguistique de 1 000 PME-PMI. Cette première partie quantitative fut suivie par une phase axée sur une analyse qualitative à double objectif : l’établissement de profils langagiers détaillés de certains métiers-professions résultant du susdit inventaire d’une part, la constitution et l’analyse de corpus écrits et oraux d’autre part. Cette exploration qualitative a constitué la base de la troisième phase, celle de la conception et de l’élaboration de modules langagiers d’apprentissage ciblés et multimédias, de la taille la plus opérationnelle possible, et se prêtant à l’auto-apprentissage.
E2A and CBP/p300 Act in Synergy To Promote Chromatin Accessibility of the Immunoglobulin κ Locus
Authors: Sakamoto Shuji , Wakae Kousho , Anzai Yuki , Murai Kiyohito , Tamaki Nobuyuki , Miyazaki Masaki , Miyazaki Kazuko , Romanow William J. , Ikawa Tomokatsu , Kitamura Daisuke , Yanagihara Itaru , Minato Nagahiro , Murre Cornelis , Agata Yasutoshi 
Published: April 2012

Abstract
V(D)J recombination of Ig and TCR genes is strictly regulated in a lineage- and stage-specific manner by the accessibility of target gene chromatin to the recombinases RAG1 and RAG2. It has been shown that enforced expression of the basic helix–loop–helix protein, E2A, together with RAG1/2 in a nonlymphoid cell line BOSC23 can induce V(D)J recombination in endogenous Igκ and TCR loci by increasing chromatin accessibility of target gene segments. In this study, we demonstrate that ectopically expressed E2A proteins in BOSC23 cells have the ability to bind directly to the promoter and recombination signal sequence of Vκ genes and to recruit histone acetyltransferase CBP/p300. Overexpression of CBP/p300 in conjunction with E2A results in enhancement of E2A-induced histone acetylation, germline transcription, and Igκ rearrangement. Conversely, knockdown of endogenous CBP/p300 expression by small interfering RNA leads to a decrease in histone acetylation, germline transcription and Igκ rearrangement. Furthermore, analyses using a mouse pre-B cell line revealed that endogenous E2A proteins also bind to a distinct set of Vκ genes and regulatory regions in the mouse Igκ locus and act to increase histone acetylation by recruiting p300, confirming the similar findings observed with BOSC23 cells. These observations indicate that E2A plays critical roles in inducing Igκ rearrangement by directly binding to and increasing chromatin accessibility at target gene segments.
Two Preferentially Expressed Proteins Protect Vascular Endothelial Cells from an Attack by Peptide-Specific CTL
Authors: Thommen Daniela S. , Schuster Heiko , Keller Mario , Kapoor Sarika , Weinzierl Andreas O. , Chennakesava Cuddapah S. , Wang Xueya , Rohrer Lucia , von Eckardstein Arnold , Stevanovic Stefan , Biedermann Barbara C. 
Published: April 2012

Abstract
Vascular endothelial cells (EC) are an exposed tissue with intimate contact with circulating Ag-specific CTL. Experimental in vitro and clinical data suggested that endothelial cells present a different repertoire of MHC class I-restricted peptides compared with syngeneic leukocytes or epithelial cells. This endothelial-specific peptide repertoire might protect EC from CTL-mediated cell death. The HLA-A*02-restricted peptide profile of human EC and syngeneic B lymphoblastoid cells was biochemically analyzed and compared. For EC selective peptides, source protein expression, peptide binding affinity, and peptide–HLA-A*02 turnover were measured. The significance of abundant peptide presentation for target cell recognition by immunodominant CTL was tested by small interfering RNA treatment of EC to knock down the source proteins. High amounts of two peptides, PTRF56–64 and CD59106–114, were consistently detected in EC. This predominance of two endothelial peptides was explained by cell type-specific source protein expression that compensated for poor HLA-A*02 binding affinity and short half-live of peptide/HLA-A*02 complexes. Knocking down the source proteins containing the abundant endothelial peptide motifs led to a nearly 100-fold increase of surface expression of SMCY311–319, an immunodominant minor histocompatibility Ag, as detected by cytotoxicity assays using SMCY311–319-specific CTL. We conclude that EC express and present preferentially two distinct HLA-A*02-restricted peptides at extraordinary high levels. These abundant self-peptides may protect EC from CTL-mediated lysis by competing for HLA-A*02 binding sites with immunodominant scarcely expressed antigenic peptides.
Strong Impact of CD4+Foxp3+ Regulatory T Cells and Limited Effect of T Cell-Derived IL-10 on Pathogen Clearance during Plasmodium yoelii Infection
Authors: Abel Simone , Lückheide Nadja , Westendorf Astrid M. , Geffers Robert , Roers Axel , Müller Werner , Sparwasser Tim , Matuschewski Kai , Buer Jan , Hansen Wiebke 
Published: April 2012

Abstract
It is well established that CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ regulatory T cells (Tregs) play a crucial role in the course of different infectious diseases. However, contradictory results have been published regarding to malaria infection. In this study, we report that specific ablation of Foxp3+ Tregs in Plasmodium yoelii-infected DEREG-BALB/c mice leads to an increase in T cell activation accompanied by a significant decrease in parasitemia. To better understand how Foxp3+ Tregs orchestrate this phenotype, we used microarrays to analyze CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ Tregs and CD4+CD25−Foxp3− T cells in the course of P. yoelii infection. Using this approach we identified genes specifically upregulated in CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ Tregs in the course of infection, such as G-protein-coupled receptor 83 and Socs2. This analysis also revealed that both CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ Tregs and CD4+CD25−Foxp3− T cells upregulate CTLA-4, granzyme B, and, more strikingly, IL-10 during acute blood infection. Therefore, we aimed to define the function of T cell-derived IL-10 in this context by Cre/loxP-mediated selective conditional inactivation of the IL-10 gene in T cells. Unexpectedly, IL-10 ablation in T cells exerts only a minor effect on parasite clearance, even though CD8+ T cells are more strongly activated, the production of IFN-γ and TNF-α by CD4+CD25- T cells is increased, and the suppressive activity of CD4+CD25+ Tregs is reduced upon infection. In summary, these results suggest that CD4+Foxp3+ Tregs modulate the course of P. yoelii infection in BALB/c mice. Moreover, CD4+ T cell-derived IL-10 affects T effector function and Treg activity, but has only a limited direct effect on parasite clearance in this model.