bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effects of connection reconstruction method on the interregional connectivity of brain networks via diffusion tractography
Authors: Li Longchuan , Rilling James K. , Preuss Todd M. , Glasser Matthew F. , Hu Xiaoping 
Published: September 2011

AbstractEstimating the interregional structural connections of the brain via diffusion tractography is a complex procedure and the parameters chosen can affect the outcome of the connectivity matrix. Here, we investigated the influence of different connection reconstruction methods on brain connectivity networks. Specifically, we applied three connection reconstruction methods to the same set of diffusion MRI data, initiating tracking from deep white matter (method #1, M1), from the gray matter/white matter interface (M2), and from the gray/white matter interface with thresholded tract volume rather than the connection probability as the connectivity index (M3). Small‐world properties, hub identification, and hemispheric asymmetry in connectivity patterns were then calculated and compared across methods. Despite moderate to high correlations in the graph‐theoretic measures across different methods, significant differences were observed in small‐world indices, identified hubs, and hemispheric asymmetries, highlighting the importance of reconstruction method on network parameters. Consistent with the prior reports, the left precuneus was identified as a hub region in all three methods, suggesting it has a prominent role in brain networks. Hum Brain Mapp, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc
Human resource executives' perceptions and measurement of the strategic impact of work/life initiatives
Authors: Morris Michael Lane , Heames Joyce Thompson , McMillan Heather S. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractGiven the stresses associated with today's demanding workplaces, work/life (w/l) initiatives continue to grow in importance as an organizational development (OD) intervention. In a period of increasing accountability, it is important for scholars and practitioners to demonstrate how OD interventions, like w/l initiatives, can be used as a strategic business tool to ameliorate the impact of stress in the workplace. To address this gap, the research questions for this study were based on the resource‐based view of the firm (Barney, 1991), while using the Organization Development Human Capital Accounting System (ODHCAS) model (Morris, Storberg‐Walker, & McMillan, 2009) as a basis for generating relevant metrics. This exploratory study used a survey instrument to compare senior human resource (HR) executives' perceptions of the strategic benefit of w/l initiatives in conjunction with their efforts to measure the impact of five types of w/l initiatives as they influence 16 measures representative of the elements of the ODHCAS. Findings from the study extend current research by revealing a relationship between HR executives' perceptions of the strategic impact of w/l initiatives and the decision to measure the impact of said initiatives.
Disseminated tumor cells in pancreatic cancer—an independent prognosticator of disease progression and survival
Authors: Effenberger Katharina E. , Schroeder Cornelia , Eulenburg Christine , Reeh Matthias , Tachezy Michael , Riethdorf Sabine , Vashist Yogesh K. , Izbicki Jakob R. , Pantel Klaus , Bockhorn Maximilian 
Published: September 2011

AbstractPancreatic cancer is one of the most devastating cancers with a 6‐month median survival and a 5‐year survival rate of 3–5%. Still important aspects of its aggressive biology remain elusive and advanced therapeutic regimens have not been substantially successful. We investigated the prognostic role of disseminated tumor cells (DTC) in bone marrow, a reservoir for early DTC potentially contributing to metastatic progression, of pancreatic cancer patients. After exclusion of patients with different postsurgery diagnosis or missing DTC status (n = 40) a total of 175 patients remained for final analyses. One‐hundred and nineteen patients were male and 96 female with a median age of 67 years, 96 patients underwent complete resection. Bone marrow aspirates taken at primary surgery were analyzed for DTC by an immunocytochemical cytokeratin assay and correlated to survival data. Overall 13.7% of patient samples (24/175) harbored DTC in their bone marrow. Histopathological parameters did not correlate significantly. Univariate survival analysis revealed a borderline significant correlation between DTC and decreased progression‐free survival (p = 0.069), and was significant for overall survival (p = 0.036). Regarding patients with resected tumors, the respective p‐values were 0.058 for progression‐free and 0.016 for overall survival. Importantly, the prognostic influence was independent from other risk factors as shown by multivariate analyses for progression‐free (p = 0.030, HR: 2.057; CI (95%): 1.073–3.943) and overall survival (p = 0.006, HR: 2.283; CI (95%): 1.260–4.135). The presence of DTC in bone marrow is a strong and independent prognostic factor of survival in patients with pancreatic cancer. Thus, bone‐targeting may be a new future therapeutic option for DTC‐positive patients.
Paget's disease in patients of Asian descent in New Zealand
Authors: Sankaran Shyam , Naot Dorit , Grey Andrew , Cundy Tim 
Published: September 2011

Abstract
Paget's disease is considered to be uncommon in Asian people, but we have noted a recent increase in the number of Asian patients referred to our clinic, on a background of an apparently decreasing prevalence in the population of European descent. In this article, we report clinical and epidemiological features of patients of Asian descent with Paget's disease, referred between 1973 and 2010 to the Auckland Paget's disease clinic. No Asian patients were referred before 1993, but 14 have presented between 1993 and 2010, with a median of 8 years between arrival into New Zealand and time of diagnosis. The patients were predominantly of south Asian origin. None of the 8 patients tested carried a mutation in exon 8 of the sequestosome 1 (SQSTM1) gene. The number of new Paget's disease referrals expressed as a proportion of the potentially at-risk Asian population in the Auckland region (derived from census data) was 1/104 in 2006 to 2011. Amongst Europeans, the corresponding value decreased from 10/104 in 1986 to 1991 to 2/104 in 2006 to 2010. The increased number of people of Asian descent diagnosed with Paget's disease in the Auckland region has paralleled the increasing size of the local Asian population. The continuing decline of Paget's disease in the European population, in conjunction with the emergence of the disease in the Asian population, supports the view that an environmental determinant to the disease exists and that Asians are not genetically protected. It also implies that the apparent reduction in Paget's disease prevalence in western cities is unlikely to be explicable by the rising Asian population of these cities. © 2012 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research
Unicuspid and bicuspid tooth crown formation in squamates
Authors: Handrigan Gregory R. , Richman Joy M. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThe molecular and developmental factors that regulate tooth morphogenesis in nonmammalian species, such as snakes and lizards, have received relatively little attention compared to mammals. Here we describe the development of unicuspid and bicuspid teeth in squamate species. The simple, cone‐shaped tooth crown of the bearded dragon and ball python is established at cap stage and fixed in shape by the differentiation of cells and the secretion of dental matrices. Enamel production, as demonstrated by amelogenin expression, occurs relatively earlier in squamate teeth than in mouse molars. We suggest that the early differentiation in squamate unicuspid teeth at cap stage correlates with a more rudimentary tooth crown shape. The leopard gecko can form a bicuspid tooth crown despite the early onset of differentiation. Cusp formation in the gecko does not occur by the folding of the inner enamel epithelium, as in the mouse molar, but by the differential secretion of enamel. Ameloblasts forming the enamel epithelial bulge, a central swelling of cells in the inner enamel epithelium, secrete amelogenin at cap stage, but cease to do so by bell stage. Meanwhile, other ameloblasts in the inner enamel epithelium continue to secrete enamel, forming cusp tips on either side of the bulge. Bulge cells specifically express the gene Bmp2, which we suggest serves as a pro‐differentiation signal for cells of the gecko enamel organ. In this regard, the enamel epithelial bulge of the gecko may be more functionally analogous to the secondary enamel knot of mammals than the primary enamel knot. J. Exp. Zool. (Mol. Dev. Evol.) 316:598–608, 2011. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Diffusion coefficient measurement using a temperature‐controlled fluid for quality control in multicenter studies
Authors: Chenevert Thomas L. , Galbán Craig J. , Ivancevic Marko K. , Rohrer Susan E. , Londy Frank J. , Kwee Thomas C. , Meyer Charles R. , Johnson Timothy D. , Rehemtulla Alnawaz , Ross Brian D. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractPurpose:To present the use of a quality control ice‐water phantom for diffusion‐weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DW‐MRI). DW‐MRI has emerged as an important cancer imaging biomarker candidate for diagnosis and early treatment response assessment. Validating imaging biomarkers through multicenter trials requires calibration and performance testing across sites.Materials and Methods:The phantom consisted of a center tube filled with distilled water surrounded by ice water. Following preparation of the phantom, ≈30 minutes was allowed to reach thermal equilibrium. DW‐MRI data were collected at seven institutions, 20 MRI scanners from three vendors, and two field strengths (1.5 and 3T). The phantom was also scanned on a single system on 16 different days over a 25‐day period. All data were transferred to a central processing site at the University of Michigan for analysis.Results:Results revealed that the variation of measured apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values between all systems tested was ±5%, indicating excellent agreement between systems. Reproducibility of a single system over a 25‐day period was also found to be within ±5% ADC values. Overall, the use of an ice‐water phantom for assessment of ADC was found to be a reasonable candidate for use in multicenter trials.Conclusion:The ice‐water phantom described here is a practical and universal approach to validate the accuracy of ADC measurements with ever changing MRI sequence and hardware design and can be readily implemented in multicenter clinical trial designs. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Is administration of gadolinium‐based contrast media to pregnant women and small children justified?
Authors: Sundgren Pia C. , Leander Peter 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThe use of gadolinium‐based contrast media in pregnant or lactating women has been discouraged at many radiology departments due to the lack of knowledge of the risks for the fetus and the unwillingness to expose neonates to unnecessary drugs. In the present review the current literature and present guidelines regarding the use of gadolinium‐based contrast media have been reviewed to validate the justification for their administration to pregnant or lactating women and small children. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2011;. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Mapping system for coregistration of cardiac mri and ex vivo tissue sampling
Authors: Young Alistair A. , Crossman David J. , Ruygrok Peter N. , Cannell Mark B. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractPurpose:To design a method suitable for obtaining tissue samples from regions of different function as ascertained by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).Materials and Methods:In vivo MRI was used to create azimuthal projections of the heart from dilated cardiomyopathy transplant patients with the cardiac valves in the center and four concentric rings representing the septum and free wall. Tagged MRI could identify regions of different contractile strength that were then transferred onto the map projection. The resulting tissue sampling map was used to guide dissection of tissue samples from the explanted heart for analysis by electron microscopy (EM) as well as provide samples for subsequent mRNA analysis. Accuracy of the sampling was determined in a sheep heart using 17 fiduciary markers glued to the epicardial surface.Results:Tagged MRI identified areas of “normal” (%Sc −11), “poor” (%Sc −4) and “failed” contraction (%Sc +3). The mapping method we developed enabled straightforward sampling of these regions after surgical excision. EM showed good tissue preservation while the test of accuracy using the fiduciary markers showed a sampling accuracy of 0.3 ± 3.7 mm. This was similar to the resolution of tagged MRI images themselves.Conclusion:The methods we have developed can accurately guide tissue sampling for ex vivo tissue analysis. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2011. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Accelerating cine‐MR imaging in mouse hearts using compressed sensing
Authors: Wech Tobias , Lemke Angela , Medway Debra , Stork Lee‐Anne , Lygate Craig A. , Neubauer Stefan , Köstler Herbert , Schneider Jürgen E. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractPurpose:To combine global cardiac function imaging with compressed sensing (CS) in order to reduce scan time and to validate this technique in normal mouse hearts and in a murine model of chronic myocardial infarction.Materials and Methods:To determine the maximally achievable acceleration factor, fully acquired cine data, obtained in sham and chronically infarcted (MI) mouse hearts were 2–4‐fold undersampled retrospectively, followed by CS reconstruction and blinded image segmentation. Subsequently, dedicated CS sampling schemes were implemented at a preclinical 9.4 T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) system, and 2‐ and 3‐fold undersampled cine data were acquired in normal mouse hearts with high temporal and spatial resolution.Results:The retrospective analysis demonstrated that an undersampling factor of three is feasible without impairing accuracy of cardiac functional parameters. Dedicated CS sampling schemes applied prospectively to normal mouse hearts yielded comparable left‐ventricular functional parameters, and intra‐ and interobserver variability between fully and 3‐fold undersampled data.Conclusion:This study introduces and validates an alternative means to speed up experimental cine‐MRI without the need for expensive hardware. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2011. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The presence of two local myocardial sheet populations confirmed by diffusion tensor MRI and histological validation
Authors: Kung Geoffrey L. , Nguyen Tom C. , Itoh Aki , Skare Stefan , Ingels Neil B. , Miller D. Craig , Ennis Daniel B. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractPurpose:To establish the correspondence between the two histologically observable and diffusion tensor MRI (DTMRI) measurements of myolaminae orientation for the first time and show that single myolaminar orientations observed in local histology may result from histological artifact.Materials and Methods:DTMRI was performed on six sheep left ventricles (LV), then corresponding direct histological transmural measurements were made within the anterobasal and lateral‐equatorial LV. Secondary and tertiary eigenvectors of the diffusion tensor were compared with each of the two locally observable sheet orientations from histology. Diffusion tensor invariants were calculated to compare differences in microstructural diffusive properties between histological locations with one observable sheet population and two observable sheet populations.Results:Mean difference ± 1SD between DTMRI and histology measured sheet angles was 8° ± 27°. Diffusion tensor invariants showed no significant differences between histological locations with one observable sheet population and locations with two observable sheet populations.Conclusion:DTMRI measurements of myolaminae orientations derived from the secondary and tertiary eigenvectors correspond to each of the two local myolaminae orientations observed in histology. Two local sheet populations may exist throughout LV myocardium, and one local sheet population observed in histology may be a result of preparation artifact. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2011. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Electrical stimulation promotes the survival of oligodendrocytes in mixed cortical cultures
Authors: Gary Devin S. , Malone Misti , Capestany Paul , Houdayer Thierry , McDonald John W. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractOligodendrocyte (OLG) death plays a major role in white matter dysfunction and demyelination following injury to the CNS. Axonal contact, communication, and neuronal activity appear to promote OLG survival and function in cell culture and during development. The application of electrical stimulation to mixed neural cultures has been shown to promote OLG differentiation and the formation of myelin in vitro. Here we show that OLG viability can be significantly enhanced in mixed cortical cultures by applying biphasic pulses of electrical stimulation (ESTIM). Enhanced survival via ESTIM requires the presence of neurons and is suppressed by inhibition of voltage‐gated sodium channels. Additionally, contact between the axon and OLG is necessary for ESTIM to promote OLG survival. This report suggests that patterned neuronal activity could repress delayed progression of white matter injury and promote CNS repair in neurological conditions that involve white matter damage. Journal of Neuroscience Research (2011) © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Inhibitory effect of NAP‐22 on the phosphatase activity of synaptojanin‐1
Authors: Takaichi Rika , Odagaki Sin‐Ichi , Kumanogoh Haruko , Nakamura Shun , Morita Mitsuhiro , Maekawa Shohei 
Published: September 2011

AbstractEndocytosis of the synaptic vesicle is a complicated process, in which many proteins and lipids participate. Phosphatidylinositol 4,5‐bisphosphate (PIP2) plays important roles in the process, and the dynamic regulation of this lipid is one of the key events. Synaptojanin is a PIP2 phosphatase, and dephosphorylation of PIP2 of the clathrin coated‐vesicle results in the uncoating of the vesicle. NAP‐22 is one of the major proteins of the neuronal detergent‐resistant membrane microdomain and localizes in both the presynaptic plasma membrane and the synaptic vesicle. To elucidate the role of NAP‐22 in synaptic function, a screening of the NAP‐22 binding proteins through pull‐down assay was performed. In addition to CapZ protein, synaptojanin‐1 was detected by LC‐MS/MS, and Western blotting using antisynaptojanin‐1 confirmed this result. The interaction seems to be important in the course of synaptic vesicle endocytosis, because NAP‐22 inhibited the phosphatase activity of synaptojanin in a dose‐dependent manner. The inhibitory region for 5‐phosphatase and the binding region for PIP2 overlapped in the amino acid sequence of NAP‐22, so elucidation of the regulatory mechanism of the PIP2 binding ability of NAP‐22 could be important in understanding the membrane dynamics at the presynaptic region. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Neutral sphingomyelinase activation precedes NADPH oxidase‐dependent damage in neurons exposed to the proinflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor‐α
Authors: Barth Brian M. , Gustafson Sally J. , Kuhn Thomas B. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractInflammation accompanied by severe oxidative stress plays a vital role in the orchestration and progression of neurodegeneration prevalent in chronic and acute central nervous system pathologies as well as in aging. The proinflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNFα) elicits the formation of the bioactive ceramide by stimulating the hydrolysis of the membrane lipid sphingomyelin by sphingomyelinase activities. Ceramide stimulates the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and apoptotic mechanisms in both neurons and nonneuronal cells, establishing a link between sphingolipid metabolism and oxidative stress. We demonstrated in SH‐SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells and primary cortical neurons that TNFα is a potent stimulator of Mg2+‐dependent neutral sphingomyelinase (Mg2+‐nSMase) activity, and sphingomyelin hydrolysis, rather than de novo synthesis, was the predominant source of ceramide increases. Mg2+‐nSMase activity preceded an accumulation of ROS by a neuronal NADPH oxidase (NOX). Notably, TNFα provoked an NOX‐dependent oxidative damage to sphingosine kinase‐1, which generates sphingosine‐1‐phosphate, a ceramide metabolite associated with neurite outgrowth. Indeed, ceramide and ROS inhibited neurite outgrowth of dorsal root ganglion neurons by disrupting growth cone motility. Blunting ceramide and ROS formation both rescued sphingosine kinase‐1 activity and neurite outgrowth. Our studies suggest that TNFα‐mediated activation of Mg2+‐nSMase and NOX in neuronal cells not only produced the neurotoxic intermediates ceramide and ROS but also directly antagonized neuronal survival mechanisms, thus accelerating neurodegeneration. Journal of Neuroscience Research (2011) © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Differential expression of sprouty genes in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Sirivatanauksorn Yongyut , Sirivatanauksorn Vorapan , Srisawat Chatchawan , Khongmanee Amnart , Tongkham Chalita 
Published: September 2011

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesSprouty (Spry) proteins are important modulators of the RTK/Ras/MAPK pathway, overactivation of which is associated with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Thus far, the roles of Sprouty in HCC is still unclear.MethodsThe expressions of SPRY1, SPRY2, SPRY3, and SPRY4, at the mRNA levels were determined by quantitative RT‐PCR in paired HCC and non‐tumor liver tissues from 31 patients.ResultsThe expression levels of SPRY1, SPRY2, and SPRY4 in tumor tissues were significantly different from those in non‐tumor tissues with the average log fold change values of 0.15, −0.34, and −0.37, respectively; however, that of SPRY3 was not significantly different. SPRY1 expression was also found to be significantly up‐regulated in the cases without underlying cirrhosis compared with those with cirrhosis (log fold change of 0.35 and −0.02, respectively, P < 0.05), whereas SPRY2 expression was significantly lower in the cases with advanced HCC (log fold change of −0.12 and −0.52 in early and advanced stages, respectively, P < 0.05) and in those with angiolymphatic invasion (log fold change of −0.47 and −0.16 in the presence and absence thereof, P < 0.05).ConclusionThis study demonstrates that Sprouty genes are differentially expressed in HCC and might provide some insight into their roles in HCC carcinogenesis. J. Surg. Oncol. 2012; 105:273–276. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.