bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Questionnaire de Dépression de Beck: Etude psychométrique auprès d'une population âgée francophone
Authors: Vézina Jean , Landreville Philippe , Bourque Paul , Blanchard Louis 
Published: November 2010

ABSTRACTPsychometric properties of the Beck Depression Inventory are questionable for elderly francophones. Consequently, the aim of this study is to assess the reliability and the validity of the French version of the BDI (Questionnaire de Dépression de Beck: Bourque & Beaudette, 1982) for this group. Six hundred and forty-three French-speaking elders from Quebec and New-Brunswick answered the BDI. The reliability coefficients showed satisfactory internal consistency (.85), split-half reliability (.76) and test-retest correlation (.74). A principal-components analysis yielded three factors (somatic complaints, negative view of the self, and helplessness) accounting for 46.9 per cent of the total variance. The choice of an optimal cut-off score and the use of the BDI with the elderly are also discussed in this study.
An Effective Evaluation of a Small Scale Seniors Health Promotion Centre: A Case Study
Authors: Glor Eleanor D. 
Published: November 2010

RÉSUMÉL'évaluation rigoureuse et de grande envergure est souvent impossible. Les micro-programmes requièrent cependant des évaluations à leur mesure. A l'aide de l'exemple d'un centre communautaire pour personnes âgées, les difficultés de l'évaluation d'un petit programme sont discutées; soit celles relatives à mesure de la santé, la mesure de l'impact, qui ne sera pas significative en terme statistique, et le coût de l'évaluation en rapport avec les sommes investies dans le programme. L'évaluation de ce centre, qui a mis l'emphase sur la qualité et la quantité des services, a conclu que ce centre, associé à une association communautaire, offrait un ensemble de services de prévention et de promotion de la santé accessibles aux personnes âgées du quartier. Deux groupes avaient été ciblés par le centre: les personnes âgées vulnérables et les autochtones âgées.
Biology and Evolution of Aging: Implications for Basic Gerontological Health Research
Authors: Harley Calvin B. 
Published: November 2010

ABSTRACTThe maximum lifespan of different animal species is genetically determined. Many biochemical and physiological systems which influence longevity have apparently evolved to regulate growth and development in a way which maximizes fitness given the ecological niche and constraints on the species. The diversity of individual genetic effects on aging makes it unlikely that either extrinsic factors such as nutrition and medicine or genetic intervention will have dramatic effects on the maximum lifespan of a species, in spite of significant qualitative effects on individuals. However, understanding the fundamental genetic determinants of senescence may be of particular importance to the treatment and or prevention of age associated problems involving tissue degeneration and/or cancer. Considerable investment in basic biological research on both aging and developmental processes is needed before this understanding can be achieved.
The Elderly Physically and Developmentally Handicapped: An Analysis of Service Delivery
Authors: McDonald Lynn , Badry Dorothy , Mueller Christine 
Published: November 2010

ABSTRACTIn view of the growing numbers of physically and developmentally handicapped older persons in Canada, this study attempts to determine the effects of basic client characteristics on the delivery of services to these groups. Using data from the 1984 Disability Information System of Calgary, a series of models are estimated which focus on the characteristics of age, gender, geographical location, and level of physical and cognitive functioning as determinants of the receipt or non-receipt of residential, professional, support and day program services. The results indicate that there is a weak relationship between age, gender and level of cognitive functioning and the overall receipt of services. However, when each service is analyzed separately, only day programs are adequately explained. As was anticipated, it appears the needs of the elderly handicapped are not being met within the rehabilitation service system.
Les effets d'un atelier d'éducation/ counseling en loisir sur certaines variables chez les personnes âgées
Authors: Ouellette Pierre 
Published: November 2010

RÉSUMÉLe but de cette étude était de mesurer les effets d'un atelier d'éducation/counseling en loisir sur la motivation, la participation et la satisfaction face au loisir chez un groupe de 27 personnes âgées. La méthode de travail de l'atelier s'inspira largement de la technique de la clarification des valeurs. Les données analysées au moyen du test t révèlent le faible impact de l'atelier sur les variables dépendantes mesurées.
Age-Related Differences in a Kinematic Analysis of Precued Movements
Authors: Goggin Noreen L. , Stelmach George E. 
Published: November 2010

ABSTRACTAn experiment is reported that examines kinematic measures, reaction time and response preparation differences between young and older adults, and movement response parameters in a precueing paradigm. Ten young and ten older adults performed 5 cm or 10 cm horizontal movements to the left or right with an electronic pen on a digitizing tablet. The precue (advance information) provided information about direction, extent, or both parameters. Dependent measures of reaction time (RT), movement time (MT), peak velocity, peak acceleration, peak deceleration, and their respective time values were analysed. The results indicate that young adults were significantly different on all dependent measures. Advance precue information was advantageous for all subjects as RT was faster when advance information was provided. In addition, both groups of subjects produced higher peak velocities when provided advance information about both direction and extent. Examination of the kinematics indicate that older adults produce movement patterns which display different response characteristics such as accelerating less rapidly and displaying a prolonged deceleration phase. Finally, older adults are less efficient than young adults at scaling velocity and acceleration over time between long and short movements when spatial accuracy constraints are minimal.
Subjective Well-being Among Native and Non-Native Elderly Persons: Do Differences Exist?
Authors: Blandford Audrey A. , Chappell Neena L. 
Published: November 2010

ABSTRACTThis paper examines subjective well-being among Native and non-Native elderly persons. Though much has been written about Natives as a disadvantaged group in terms of income, education and health, studies which examine the subjective well-being of Natives are virtually non-existent. Subjective well-being is measured as general satisfaction with life and loneliness in this paper. Independent variables include demographic, health and social indicators. Natives have significantly lower life satisfaction than non-Natives. However, logistic regression analyses indicate that health and social factors are the major predictors of quality of life. While Natives experience a lower quality of life, it is accounted for by their worse health and disadvantaged social circumstances and is not attributable to being Native per se.
The Care of Irreversible Dementia Sufferers in the Toronto and Peel Regions: Perceptions of Service Providers
Authors: MacFadgen S. Lynne 
Published: November 2010

ABSTRACTIn this study, the system of care for 4907 irreversible dementia (ID) sufferers in Metropolitan Toronto and the Region of Peel was investigated. Mail survey data were compiled from senior administrative personnel (data include observation ratings by clinical and direct service staff) within 41 long-term care facilities, 15 acute care hospitals, and 30 community services. Consistent with the results of other descriptive studies, the findings reveal that: 1) long-term care facilities had the highest average proportion of ID sufferers; 2) the majority of ID sufferers were 75 years and older and predominantly female; and 3) ID sufferers on community service caseloads were less impaired than those in long-term care facilities. The study findings also indicate that the following factors may be important in assessing the care and management of ID sufferers within long-term care facilities and acute care hospitals: type of facility, admission criteria, arrangements for accommodation, number and nature of special programs, extent of inservice training, levels of staffing, and number and nature of family support services. In addition to these variables, the location and size of the catchment area and eligibility criteria may be important factors in similar community service assessments. The findings pertaining to the frequently used inpatient and community resources, additional resources required, and unmet needs of ID sufferers and family are discussed with respect to health care and senior support service planning and implementation within the outlined regions.
Vieillesse, monde de femmes: un mythe?
Authors: Santerre Renaud 
Published: November 2010

RÉSUMÉL'auteur s'efforce ici de relativiser la thèse généralement admise dans les milieux gérontologiques et popularisée par l'avocate féministe Louise Dulude dans un article intitulé “Vieillesse, monde de femmes”. Prenant le taux de masculinité âgée comme indicateur, l'article démontre que cette affirmation n'est vraie au Canada que depuis peu et dans les milieux urbains, qu'un pays sur six à travers le monde fait exception à la règle de même que la moitié (9/18) des groupes ethniques de l'Ontario en 1971. Le cas autochtone illustre encore davantage la complexité de la situation.On se rend ainsi compte que la prédominance d'un sexe sur l'autre au troisième âge est conditionnée par une multiplicité de facteurs: biologie, histoire, migrations, ethnicité, milieu (rural-urbain) et occupation.
The Seniors Boom, Dramatic Increases in Longevity and Prospects for Better Health. Leroy O. Stone and Susan Fletcher. Statistics Canada, 89–515E, October 1986, pp 46 ($9.95 CDN).
Authors: Simmons-Tropea Daryl 
Published: November 2010

RÉSUMÉCe livre composé de 46 pages de diagrammes souligne les derniers progrès réalisés au niveau du prolongement de la vie chez les canadiens du troisième âge. Il attire également l'attention du public en général sur une des questions fondamentales du futur, soit: Sera-t-il possible de ralentir la déchéance progressive qui découle du processus de vieillissement pour le segment d'âge mûr de la société? Toutefois, les auteurs ne s'adressent pas directement à cette question d'une façon analytique ou descriptive. Ils nous offrent plutôt des diagrammes précis et clairement illustrés accompagnés de commentaires rudimentaires sur une variété choisie de caractéristiques qui s'apparentent aux personnes âgées. La plupart de ces données out été publiées ailleurs à l'exception des plus récentes projections démographiques.
“Keeping Your Mind Alive” par Janet McPhee, TALA Publications, Toronto, 1986, 91 p.
Authors: Leclerc Gilbert 
Published: November 2010

ABSTRACTThis is a practical book aimed at those who wish to form small self-directed study groups in order to maintain a keen and alert mind for as long as possible. Emphasis is placed on the importance of remaining intellectually astute and sharp while aging. The author describes the requirements as well as the various stages which lead to the formation of self-directed study groups, not unlike the ones she belongs to. This relatively new concept is rapidly gaining popularity in the Toronto area, in English Canada and in the northern United States. The book's most important characteristic is that it is action-oriented. The author however does not discuss the weaknesses of this educational trend and fails to elaborate on the literature that deals with potential as well as cause and effect of intellectual growth in aging.
Institutional Care of the Mentally Impaired Elderly. Jacqueline Singer Edelson and Walter H. Lyons, Van Nostrand Reinhold, 1985, $50.45.
Authors: Dawson Pam 
Published: November 2010

COMPTE-RENDULe segment de la population auquel ce livre s'adresse ne semble pas évident. L'administrateur y retrouvera la description d'une ambiance et d'un maintien favorables mais ne décèlera pas la marche à suivre logique qui lui permettrait de rejoindre un tel objectif. Les auteurs font allusion à des programmes d'entraînement à maintes reprises mais ils n'élaborent pas. En se basant sur une série d'anecdotes, ils illustrent l'importance, pour les infirmières, d'incarner des rôles dans le but de créer une atmosphère thérapeutique. Le rôle interprété le plus fréquemment est celui de l'infirmière en charge. Cependant, si les auteurs désiraient mettre l'accent sur ce sujet, ils auraient dû décrire ce modelage, sa valeur et sa fonction.Les auteurs démontrent logiquement les effets positifs qui découlent d'un traitement humain et chaleureux accordé aux vieillards qui manquent de lucidité. L'ouvrage semble quelque peu boiteux puisqu'il ne mentionne pas la gamme des facteurs qui pourraient influencer le niveau de fonctionnement des vieillards qui ne sont pas en pleine possession de leurs connaissances. Toutefois, le livre souligne l'importance de développer des systèmes de soins psychosociaux pour de tels patients hospitalisés.
One Way to Bridge the Two Cultures: Advancing Qualitative Gerontology Through Professional Autobiographies
Authors: Achenbaum W. Andrew 
Published: November 2010

RÉSUMÉLa gérontologie, en Amérique du Nord, a été largement façonnée par les théories et les méthodes des chercheurs en biomédecine et des spécialistes en sciences humaines. Cela signifie, entre autres choses, que les approches «qualitatives» dans la recherche sur le vieillissement ont été mises au second plan. Les chercheurs ne s'entendent cependant pas toujours sur l'interprétation du terme. Cet essai ne pretend pas résoudre tous les paradigmes qui séparent la science «dure» de la science «douce,» mais propose plutôt que les chercheurs adoptent une orientation plus autocritique, et même plus personnelle, afin de saisir l'essentiel du processus de vieillissement dans leur propre vie.
Participant Observation as a Method for Evaluating a Mental Health Promotion Program with Older Persons
Authors: Tindale Joseph A. 
Published: November 2010

RÉSUMÉCet article décrit l'utilisation de l'observation participante à des fins d'évaluation dans un contexte gérontologique structuré. L'observation participante fut utilisée pour savoir si une « search conference » permet à des personnes âgées d'identifier les besoins de leur communauté et de mettre sur pied une organisation communautaire pour y répondre. Les observations étaient consignées dans des notes de terrain et analysées en vue d'identifier les mécanismes de prise de décision. Les personnes âgées observées ont mis sur pied avec succès un programme de promotion de la santé. Ce faisant, elles ont orienté de façon décisive l'identification et la prise en charge de besoins sociaux et de santé importants pour elles. Les résultats obtenus attestent la flexibilité et la pertinence de l'observation participante sur des terrains de recherche structurés impliquant des personnes âgées. L'observation participante apparaît comme une méthode efficace pour recueillir des données sur un processus, à savoir comment un groupe de personnes âgées répond à une tâche spécifique à divers moments dans le temps.
Thomas R. Cole. The Journey of Life. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1992.
Authors: Kenyon Gary M. 
Published: November 2010

RÉSUMÉLe sujet du grand voyage de la vie est un exemple riche et intéressant de l'érudition en matière de gérontologie. Ce « voyage » dont parle l'auteur fait état de l'évolution de la signification du vieillissement en Amérique depuis la fin du Moyen-Age jusqu'à la fin du XXe siècle. Les différents sens qui lui ont été donnés sont abordés selon les niveaux de discours cosmique, social et individuel. Bien que les références de Cole proviennent exclusivement du nord de l'Europe et d'Amérique, une grande partie de l'ouvrage est pertinente à la culture canadienne, au développement de la gérontologie canadienne et aux conceptions canadiennes du vieillissement. Le principal argument de Cole est que la synthèse de la signification du vieillissement s'est graduellement érodée au fil du temps. À l'époque de la colonisation américaine, les puritains reliaient les trois niveaux de signification du vieillissement au résultat d'une vision complète du voyage humain, lequel comprenait un « abandon » à la nature et à Dieu. Vers la fin de l'époque victorienne et à l'aube du XXe siècle, Cole explique comment la mort, et avec elle, une notion saine du vieillissement, en sont venues à disparaître du scénario du grand voyage. Selon Cole, un vestige de cette moralité dite « civilisée » face au vieillissement datant de la fin de l'ère victorienne nous suit encore aujourd'hui, en ce que la pensée de notre époque est réflétée par des métaphores sur la gestion et le contrôle scientifique du vieillissement. Il manque une préoccupation et une sensibilité à l'endroit des dimensions existentielles du voyage de la vie. L'épilogue du livre aborde cette forme plus introspective de la gérontologie et laisse entendre que son importance et son intérêt iront en grandissant avec la fin de notre monde post-moderne.
Prescription Drugs and the Elderly in B.C.
Authors: Tuominen Jean D. 
Published: November 2010

ABSTRACTPersons aged 65 and older comprise about 9–12% of the population of industrialized countries but consume 25–30% of prescribed drugs. This high consumption may be due to an increase in disease and chronic illness and/or the result of over prescription.The purpose of this study was to investigate the use of prescription drugs by the population of B.C. aged 65 and older. Using B.C. Pharmacare data for 1984, the cost and number of prescriptions were analysed, comparing consumption by the mobile elderly with that of the elderly in nursing homes. Both populations were found to receive a high number of prescriptions per person, particularly in the Central Nervous System therapeutic class.The results indicate the need for further study into the prescription of drugs for both elderly groups, but particularly those in nursing homes.
Veterans and Veterans Legislation in Canada: An Historical Overview
Authors: Gee Ellen M. , Margeny Boyce A. 
Published: November 2010

ABSTRACTThis article provides a descriptive account of the history of Canadian veterans and veterans legislation focussing upon five time periods: pre–1918; 1918–1939; 1939–1950; 1950–1980; and the present time. Emphasis is placed on issues and legislation relating to aging and elderly persons, with particular concentration on pensions and health. It is shoivn that veterans legislation and veterans issues have played a facilitating role in the development of Canadian health and social services, and argued that a social historical perspective on aging provides for an enhanced understanding of current age-related institutions, services and policies.
Poor Mental Status in Older Hospital Patients: Prevalence and Correlates
Authors: Eaton Bill , Stones M.J. , Rockwood Ken 
Published: November 2010

ABSTRACTSome older patients on treatment wards suffer from poor mental status in addition to a primary illness condition. This research 1) compared the relative prevalence of cognitive dysfunction when indexed by a mental status questionnaire (MSQ), physician reports, and nurse ratings, respectively, and 2) examined relationships of the MSQ to other variables. The sample was the entire inpatient population on medical and surgical wards at two general hospitals during a one-week period. Data were obtained from the patients (i.e., the MSQ), case notes by physicians (i.e., diagnoses or symptoms indicative of cognitive dysfunction), and ward nuses (i.e., ratings on several variables). The findings were that prevalence of cognitive dysfunction was greater by the MSQ than by physician reports, than by nurse ratings. Against the criterion of MSQ classification, both physicial reports and nurse ratings exhibited false positive and false negative errors; however, false negative errors were more frequent. The strong correlates of MSQ included capacity for independent living, use of geriatric chair, and physician evaluation. Other signs of normalcy or dysfunction were specific to only one MSQ category: tube feeding, restraint, and basic function capability.
Structural Inequalities, Informal Networks: A Comparison of Native and Non-Native Elderly
Authors: Bienvenue Rita M. , Havens Betty 
Published: November 2010

ABSTRACTThis study examines a comparative sample of native and non-native Canadian elderly. Findings indicate that the native population is seriously disadvantaged in terms of housing and health care services. In terms of informal networks and assistance to the elderly, native Canadians rely almost exclusively on informal networks while others receive some assistance from formal agencies as well. These and other issues are discussed relative to future research and the development of theory.
Changes in Polyploidy During Aging in Human Liver
Authors: Enesco Hildegard E. , Laskey Marie I. , Fisman Michael 
Published: November 2010

ABSTRACTThe level of liver polyploidy was compared in three groups of humans: a young group aged 20–46, an older group aged 62–68 and the oldest group aged 70–79. The most important trend showed by the data was that there is a depletion of 2N and 4N cells, accompanied by an increase in 8N and 16N cells as a function of advancing age. There was a high degree of variability in the percentage of cells in each ploidy class from one individual to the next for all age groups. For this reason, polyploidy appears to be a less effective biomarker of aging in humans than it is in experimental animals.
The Leisure Participation and Enjoyment Patterns of French and English-Speaking Members of Senior Citizens' Clubs in New Brunswick, Canada
Authors: Ouellette Pierre 
Published: November 2010

ABSTRACTThe purpose of this study was to examine the relationship of eight categories of leisure participation and enjoyment with ten selected demographic variables. A Likert-type questionnaire was designed to ascertain the degree of participation and enjoyment in 89 activities. The activities were grouped in the following leisure categories: aesthetic, civic, intellectual, mass-media, physical, social, spiritual and touristic.The sample consisted of three executive board members and five non-board members for each of the 229 senior citizen clubs currently affiliated with the New Brunswick Senior Citizen's Federation. Canonical correlation analyses were used to investigate the relationship stated in the two research questions. Three meaningful canonical variates were respectively identified for participation and enjoyment. On the basis of the results of the study, there seems to be some justification to take into account the particular ethnic orientation of senior clubs in the delivery of the various leisure programs.