bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A study of paclitaxel, carboplatin, and bortezomib in the treatment of metastatic malignant melanoma
Authors: Croghan Gary A. , Suman Vera J. , Maples William J. , Albertini Mark , Linette Gerald , Flaherty Lawrence , Eckardt John , Ma Cynthia , Markovic Svetomir N. , Erlichman Charles 
Published: April 2010

AbstractBACKGROUND:Chemotherapy has not been reported to have a significant impact on survival for patients with metastatic melanoma. Bortezomib was shown to have additive/synergistic effects with several chemotherapeutic agents, including paclitaxel and platinum. A phase 1 trial of this 3‐drug combination reported that 6 of 28 patients treated with bortezomib followed by paclitaxel and carboplatin achieved a partial response (including 2 of 5 patients with metastatic melanoma).METHODS:A 2‐stage phase 2 clinical trial was conducted to assess the antitumor activity of this 3‐agent combination in patients with metastatic melanoma who had received at most 1 prior chemotherapy for metastatic disease. Treatment included bortezomib at a dose of 1.3 mg/m2 intravenously on Days 1, 4, and 8; paclitaxel at a dose of 175 mg/m2; and carboplatin at an area under the concentration (AUC) of 6 on Day 2 of a 21‐day cycle. The primary endpoint of this trial was tumor response rate (TRR).RESULTS:Seventeen eligible patients were enrolled. A median of 4 cycles were administered (range, 1‐7 cycles). Three patients discontinued treatment due to persistent grade 4 (based on National Cancer Institute Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events [version 3.0]) neutropenia with grade 3 leukopenia (2 patients) or grade 4 pulmonary embolism (1 patient). Grade ≥3 toxicities included neutropenia (71%), leukopenia (41%), thrombocytopenia (29%), and arthralgia (12%). Two partial responses were observed (TRR, 11.8%). Four patients had stable disease at >12 weeks. The median progression‐free survival was 3.2 months, and the median overall survival was 7.0 months.CONCLUSIONS:Due to insufficient clinical efficacy, this trial did not proceed to second‐stage accrual. The combination of paclitaxel, carboplatin, and bortezomib demonstrated limited clinical benefit and was associated with significant toxicity. Cancer 2010. © 2010 American Cancer Society.
Renewable H2 from Glycerol Steam Reforming: Effect of La2O3 and CeO2 Addition to Pt/Al2O3 catalysts.
Authors: Montini Tiziano , Singh Rakesh , Das Piyali , Lorenzut Barbara , Bertero Nicolás , Riello Pietro , Benedetti Alvise , Giambastiani Giuliano , Bianchini Claudio , Zinoviev Sergey , Miertus Stanislav , Fornasiero Paolo 
Published: April 2010

AbstractGlycerol is the main byproduct of biodiesel production and its increased production volume derives from the increasing demand for biofuels. The conversion of glycerol to hydrogen‐rich mixtures presents an attractive route towards sustainable biodiesel production. Here we explored the use of Pt/Al2O3‐based catalysts for the catalytic steam reforming of glycerol, evidencing the influence of La2O3 and CeO2 doping on the catalyst activity and selectivity. The addition of the latter metal oxides to a Pt/Al2O3 catalyst is found to significantly improve the glycerol steam reforming, with high H2 and CO2 selectivities. A good catalytic stability is achieved for the Pt/La2O3/Al2O3 system working at 350 °C, while the Pt/CeO2/Al2O3 catalyst sharply deactivates after 20 h under similar conditions. Studies carried out on fresh and exhausted catalysts reveal that both systems maintain high surface areas and high Pt dispersions. Therefore, the observed catalyst deactivation can be attributed to coke deposition on the active sites throughout the catalytic process and only marginally to Pt nanoparticle sintering. This work suggests that an appropriate support composition is mandatory for preparing high‐performance Pt‐based catalysts for the sustainable conversion of glycerol into syngas.
Catalyst Deactivation by β‐Hydride Elimination: Olefin and Alkyne Insertion into Arenido–Nickel(II) Bonds
Authors: Lindner Monika M. , Beckmann Udo , Eichberger Eva , Reiß Guido J. , Kläui Wolfgang 
Published: April 2010

AbstractSquare planar arenido‐(triphenylphosphane)nickel(II) complexes (3) containing a N,O‐chelate ligand are catalysts for the carbon monoxide/ethene copolymerisation reaction. Pathways for catalyst deactivation have been elucidated by investigating the reactions of such complexes with aliphatic unsaturated compounds like olefins and alkynes. We have shown that the double or triple bond, respectively, inserts into the nickel–carbon bond followed by β‐hydride elimination resulting in aryl‐substituted olefins and allenes, which have been identified by means of GC/MS. The remaining nickel forms a bis(N,O‐chelate ligand)nickel complex, the crystal structure of which has been determined. The nickel atom is coordinated in a square‐planar manner by two ligands. Additional coordination of two neighbouring complexes via their nitrile groups completes the coordination of the nickel to a distorted octahedron and forms a two‐dimensional metal‐organic framework (MOF).
A DFT Study of Site‐Selectivity in Oxidative Addition Reactions with Pd0 Complexes: The Effect of an Azine Nitrogen and the Use of Different Types of Halogen Atoms in the Substrate
Authors: Herrebout Wouter A. , Nagels Nick , Verbeeck Stefan , van der Veken Benjamin J. , Maes Bert U. W. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractThe site‐selectivity of Pd‐catalyzed reactions of 2,3‐dihalopyridines [2,3‐dichloropyridine (1), 2,3‐dibromopyridine (3) and2‐chloro‐3‐iodopyridine (2)] has been studied by computing the oxidative addition process using DFT calculations. The activating effect of the azine nitrogen atom on C(2) and C(3) has been obtained by comparison with the corresponding dihalobenzene [1,2‐dichlorobenzene (4), 1,2‐dibromobenzene (5) and 1‐chloro‐2‐iodobenzene (6)]. The performed calculations involve the use of Pd(PPh3)2, Pd(BINAP) and Pd(XANTPHOS) as catalysts. The formation of pre‐reactive complexes proved to be a very important factor in the determination of the activation energy values. A comparison with the simplified systems Pd(PPH3)2, Pd(H‐BINAP) and Pd(H‐XANTPHOS) revealed that care has to be taken when simplified catalyst systems are used for the simulation of the oxidative addition process.
Field‐amplified sample injection‐micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography for the analysis of bisphenol A, bisphenol F, and their diglycidyl ethers and derivatives in canned soft drinks
Authors: Gallart‐Ayala Héctor , Núñez Oscar , Moyano Encarnación , Galceran Maria Teresa 
Published: April 2010

AbstractConditions were established for the separation and analysis of bisphenol A, bisphenol F, and their diglycidyl ethers by micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography (MECC). Good resolution was obtained for all compounds, although in order to achieve the separation of ortho–ortho, ortho–para, and para–para isomers of bisphenol F diglycidyl ether (BFDGE), BFDGE·2H2O and BFDGE·2HCl, it was necessary to use a 25 μm id fused silica capillary. To increase sensitivity, a field‐amplified sample injection (FASI)‐MECC method was developed using 10 mM SDS solution as injection matrix and a 75 μm id fused silica capillary. Instrumental quality parameters such as LODs (<55 μg/L with standards), linearity (r2>0.999), and run‐to‐run and day‐to‐day precisions (RSD values lower than 12.5%) were determined. Finally, the suitability of the FASI‐MECC method for the analysis of bisphenol A, bisphenol F, and their diglycidyl ethers in canned soft drinks was evaluated. Quantitation was performed by matrix‐matched calibration using a plastic‐bottled isotonic drink as matrix. The results showed that FASI‐MECC is an economic method for the screening and quantitation of these kinds of compounds in soft drink beverages, with no loss of reproducibility, and effective at concentrations lower than the specific migration level values established by the European Union.
Recent progress of chiral monolithic stationary phases in CEC and capillary LC
Authors: Zhang Zhenbin , Wu Ren'an , Wu Minghuo , Zou Hanfa 
Published: April 2010

AbstractAs the development of monolithic stationary phases in CEC and capillary LC, the monoliths specifically related with the enantioseparations taking the advantages of monolithic stationary phases have attracted increased research interest in this field. This short review describes recent progress with emphasis on the preparation of the chiral monolithic stationary phases along with brief discussion and perspective on the future development of chiral monolithic stationary phases in CEC and capillary LC.
MicroRNA‐125b‐1 and BLID upregulation resulting from a novel IGH translocation in childhood B‐Cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: Tassano Elisa , Acquila Maura , Tavella Elisa , Micalizzi Concetta , Panarello Claudio , Morerio Cristina 
Published: April 2010

AbstractChromosomal translocations involving the immunoglobulin heavy chain (IGH) locus are common abnormalities in mature B‐cell neoplasms. Recent findings have also revealed their significant role in B‐cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia. As a rule, IGH translocations generate transcriptional activation of the oncogene localized in the proximity of the breakpoint. In this study, we describe a pediatric case of B‐cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia showing microRNA‐125b‐1 (MIR125B1) and BLID gene overexpression, resulting from a novel t(11;14)(q24.1;q32) translocation involving IGH. This is the first report describing the upregulation of a microRNA due to its juxtaposition to protein‐coding gene regulatory elements and the overexpression of two neighboring genes as a consequence of transcriptional enhancers localized in the vicinity of the IGH gene. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Interpreting developmental changes in neuroimaging signals
Authors: Poldrack Russell A. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractThe imaging of developmental changes in brain function is challenging, but great strides have been made in addressing many of the conceptual issues that this work raises. I highlight a set of issues that remain to be addressed in this literature. First, I argue that the appeal to developmental neurobiology is often misplaced, as it focuses on neurodevelopmental processes that are mostly completed by the age at which neuroimaging studies can be performed. Second, I argue that the concept of “normative” development needs to be reexamined, as it reflects fundamental value judgments about brain development that seem inappropriate for scientific investigation. Third, I examine the ways in which developmental changes are often interpreted, arguing that common interpretations, including the concepts of “efficiency” and “focalization” may be less useful than commonly supposed. To put developmental neuroimaging on stronger footing, we need to develop stronger connections between computational and neurobiological accounts of developmental changes. Hum Brain Mapp, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
c‐Met expression as an indicator of survival outcome in patients with oral tongue carcinoma
Authors: Kim Chul‐Ho , Koh Yoon Woo , Han Jae Ho , Kim Jae Wook , Lee Jin Seok , Baek Seung Jae , Hwang Hye Sook , Choi Eun Chang 
Published: April 2010

AbstractBackgroundHepatocyte growth factor (HGF) can promote proliferation, invasion, and angiogenesis in various tumor cells. However, the prognosis according to expression of HGF/c‐Met has not been reported in patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the oral tongue (SCCOT).MethodsTumors from 61 patients with SCCOT were evaluated for the expression of HGF and c‐Met by immunohistochemistry. For Western blot, we used fresh normal and cancer tissues from 3 patients with SCCOT.ResultsThe positive rates of HGF and c‐Met immunostaining in SCCOT were 57.3% and 54.1%, respectively. The c‐Met staining was significantly correlated with lymph node metastasis (p = .005), tumor classification (p = .004), and recurrence (p = .018). Survival was significantly affected in patients with positive c‐Met expression (p = .003). HGF and c‐Met were strongly expressed in cancer tissues on Western blot.ConclusionThe c‐Met expression may play an important role in the progression and the survival outcome of patients with SCCOT. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2010
P‐cadherin in adhesion and invasion: Opposite roles in colon and bladder carcinoma
Authors: Van Marck Veerle , Stove Christophe , Jacobs Koen , Van den Eynden Gert , Bracke Marc 
Published: April 2010

AbstractNeoexpression or upregulation of placental cadherin (P‐cadherin), a member of the classical cadherin family, has previously been described in several carcinomas, such as colorectal and bladder carcinomas. In this study, we combined two different approaches, immunohistochemistry of tumor samples and in vitro knockdown of P‐cadherin, to gain a better insight into the role of P‐cadherin in these types of cancer. First, we performed immunohistochemistry for P‐ and E‐cadherins in a series of 52 colorectal adenocarcinomas, including well, moderately and poorly differentiated (WD, MD, and PD) tumors. Decrease or loss of P‐cadherin neoexpression was significantly associated with a higher tumor grade and could discriminate WD from MD and/or PD tumors (p < 0.001). E‐cadherin, on the other hand, was strongly expressed at the membrane of most WD (18 of 19) and MD tumors (15 of 19). Downregulation correlated significantly with the PD phenotype (p ≤ 0.001). In a second approach, we transiently or stably knocked down P‐cadherin in HT‐29 colon adenocarcinoma cells. This led to decreased intercellular adhesion and to an increased migratory and long‐term invasive phenotype compared with control HT‐29 cells, suggesting that P‐cadherin acts as a proadhesive and anti‐invasive/antimigratory molecule in colon carcinoma cells. Contrasting with these results and illustrating the context‐specific function of P‐cadherin were our results obtained in RT‐112 bladder carcinoma cells. Stable knockdown of P‐cadherin in RT‐112 cells diminished invasion and migration, and promoted intercellular adhesion.
ASBMB and FAOBMB Inc.: Present status and future opportunities
Authors: de Jersey John 
Published: April 2010

AbstractPast and present relationships of three biochemistry and molecular biology organizations: the Australian Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology; the Federation of Asian and Oceanian Biochemists and Molecular Biologists (FAOBMB); and the International Union for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology are discussed. The future of these organizations, particularly FAOBMB, is then considered in the light of factors behind their current status and likely future effects of globalization, growth in Asia, changes in disciplinary focus and contribution to global issues. © 2010 IUBMB IUBMB Life 62(7): 483–485, 2010
A splice‐site mutation leads to haploinsufficiency of EXT2 mRNA for a dominant trait in a large family with multiple osteochondromas
Authors: Yang Liu , Hui Wing Sum , Chan Wilson C. W. , Ng Vivian C. W. , Yam Teresa H. Y. , Leung Helen C. M. , Huang Jian‐Dong , Shum Daisy K. Y. , Jie Qiang , Cheung Kenneth M. C. , Cheah Kathryn S. E. , Luo Zhoujing , Chan Danny 
Published: April 2010

AbstractMultiple osteochondromas (MO) is an autosomal‐dominant disorder and mutations in EXT1 and EXT2 account up to 78% of the cases studied, including missense, nonsense, frameshift, and splice‐site mutations. EXT1 and EXT2 encode glycosyltransferases required for the synthesis of heparan sulfate (HS) chains. The molecular pathogenesis underlying these mutations is still largely unknown. A heterozygous c.1173 + 1G > T (EXT2) mutation was identified in a three‐generation 34‐member MO family and is present in all 19 affected members. The consequence of this mutation is exon 7 being spliced out, and the result is a shift in the codon‐reading frame from position 360 (R360) of the amino acid sequence leading to a premature termination codon, and the mutant mRNA is degraded to an undetectable level. Interestingly, HS glycosaminoglycans were also undetectable in the cartilage cap of the tumors by immunostaining. Full penetrance of this mutation in all affected members ranging from 5 to 70 years of age suggests this primary defect in EXT2 mRNA level, in conjunction with other cellular changes such as enhanced heparanase expression, can produce profound effect on the synthesis of HS chains in cartilage, the consequence of which impacts on the regulation of chondrocyte proliferation and differentiation. © 2010 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 28:1522–1530, 2010
Differences in travel objectives between first‐time and repeat tourists: An empirical analysis for the Kansai area in Japan
Authors: Okamura Kaoru , Fukushige Mototsugu 
Published: April 2010

AbstractThis study investigates the differences in travel objectives between first‐time and repeat tourists. We conduct a questionnaire survey of travel agencies, which asked about specific tour plan for target tourists, their experiences and travel objectives in the Kansai area in Japan. We estimate a logit model for the relationship between travel objectives and visiting experiences. The results indicate that the first‐time tourists' main objective is to enjoy looking around sightseeing spots, while the repeat tourists' objective is simply to enjoy the stay, including the hotel visit and participating in events. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Tourists' perceptions of heritage tourism development in Danish‐Osu, Ghana
Authors: Yankholmes Aaron K. B. , Akyeampong Oheneba A. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractThis paper examines the tourist perceptions at Danish, Osu‐Ghana within the dark tourism or slavery heritage contexts. Using Cohen's (1979) typology of tourist experience, we differentiate between tourist knowledge of a heritage site relative to socio‐demographic indices. The results indicate that tourists' perception of Danish‐Osu reflect their knowledge of the site in relation to its cultural heritage attributes. In addition, it was found that tourists have dual experiences of the site: those that relate to recreational pursuits of heritage sites and those that ascribe meanings based on their background. The contemporary nature and use of Transatlantic Slave Trade relics for tourism development makes the case of the Danish‐Osu more delicate considering the ethical implications of interpreting the community's past to tourists as the borderlines are unclear. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Flaxseed oil reduces the growth of human breast tumors (MCF‐7) at high levels of circulating estrogen
Authors: Truan Jennifer S. , Chen Jian‐Min , Thompson Lilian U. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractFlaxseed (FS) has been shown to attenuate mammary tumorigenesis, possibly due to its high α‐linolenic acid (ALA)‐rich oil (FSO) content. This study determined the effect of FSO on the growth of estrogen receptor‐positive human breast tumors (MCF‐7) in ovariectomized athymic mice at high premenopausal‐like estrogen (E2) levels. Mice with established MCF‐7 tumors were fed basal diet (control) or basal diet supplemented with FSO (40 g/kg) for 8 wks. Compared with control, FSO reduced tumor size (33%, p<0.05) and tumor cell proliferation (38%, p<0.05) and increased apoptosis (110%, p<0.001). FSO also reduced human epidermal growth factor receptor‐2 (79%, p<0.05) and epidermal growth factor receptor (57%, p=0.057) expression, which then may have led to a reduction in Akt (54%, p<0.05) and phosphorylation of mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK) to phosphorylated MAPK (pMAPK, 28%, p<0.05). Insulin‐like growth factor‐1 receptor, vascular endothelial growth factor receptor, MAPK and phosphorylated Akt were not affected. FSO increased (p<0.001) serum ALA, eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid and, in vitro, ALA reduced MCF‐7 cell proliferation (33%, p<0.001). Thus, FSO regressed estrogen receptor‐positive human breast tumorigenesis at high E2 levels via downregulation of the growth factor mediated pathway, likely through its ALA content, and may explain the anti‐tumorigenicity of FS.
International development management: A Northern perspective
Authors: Brinkerhoff Jennifer M. , Brinkerhoff Derick W. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractThis article reviews international development management (DM) from a Northern (primarily though not exclusively US‐based) perspective, identifies lessons learned from experience, and discusses new challenges. The primary data sources are an on‐line survey of DM scholars and practitioners, and the results of a focus group discussion. Survey respondents expressed dismay that the lessons from theory and experience have failed to penetrate the world of practice (largely due to political and bureaucratic constraints). They were generally pessimistic about DM's relevance and effectiveness in the face of new challenges. Our analysis points to implications for DM as a discipline, and examines the development manager as activist, the evolution of politics within DM, and DM as an art. Identified lessons related predominantly to DM's process and values dimensions, suggesting these may best define DM's unique contours. In response to the perceived absence of learning and to new challenges, research participants issued a call for development manager activism to speak truth to power, promote DM values, educate new actors and the public, and mentor and train newcomers to the field. This study underscores Northern‐based development managers' commitment to the profession, including affirmation of the ongoing utility and relevance of DM's knowledge and lessons, and its underlying values of self‐determination, social equity, and empowerment. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
From global paradigms to grounded policies: Local socio‐cognitive constructions of international development policies and implications for development management
Authors: Morrison Jenny Knowles 
Published: April 2010

AbstractUnderstandings of participatory development require grounding—both in the sense that understandings of the principles must be held by local and international staff working on the ground, and also grounded in the local culture. This article provides documentation of a 10 month ethnographic study of an administrative decentralization support program in Cambodia (Seila), funded through multi‐donor support, in order to examine the agency of local mid‐level staff, asking:How do multiple environments interact to create local understandings of participation in international development environments? Five ‘socio‐cognitive environments’ (SCE) surrounding the program environment were developed to disentangle the factors that influence how one group of local staff negotiates complex cultural and historical realities in juxtaposition to donor conceptualizations of development, providing new understanding of structural factors and other resources employed by embedded agents which promote local staff internalization of democratic governance principles. This study suggests that even in program environments with high degrees of cognitive dissonance due to macro‐historical factors, and where international development mandates tend to create additional cultural and organizational blockages, micro‐programmatic interactions can significantly influence the ability of local staff to surmount strong cognitive obstacles. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.