bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Injectable biodegradable microcarriers for iPSC expansion and cardiomyocyte differentiation
Authors: Bettini Annalisa , Camelliti Patrizia , Stuckey Daniel J. , Day Richard M. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractCell therapy is a potential novel treatment for cardiac regeneration and numerous studies have attempted to transplant cells to regenerate the myocardium lost during myocardial infarction. To date, only minimal improvements to cardiac function have been reported. This is likely to be the result of low cell retention and survival following transplantation. This study aimed to improve the delivery and engraftment of viable cells by using an injectable microcarrier that provides an implantable, biodegradable substrate for attachment and growth of cardiomyocytes derived from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC). We describe the fabrication and characterisation of Thermally Induced Phase Separation (TIPS) microcarriers and their surface modification to enable iPSC‐derived cardiomyocyte attachment in xeno‐free conditions is described. The selected formulation resulted in iPSC attachment, expansion, and retention of pluripotent phenotype. Differentiation of iPSC into cardiomyocytes on the microcarriers is investigated in comparison with culture on 2D tissue culture plastic surfaces. Microcarrier culture is shown to support culture of a mature cardiomyocyte phenotype, be compatible with injectable delivery, and reduce anoikis. The findings from this study demonstrate that TIPS microcarriers provide a supporting matrix for culturing iPSC and iPSC‐derived cardiomyocytes in vitro and are suitable as an injectable cell‐substrate for cardiac regeneration.
Degradable and Printed Microstrip Line for Chipless Temperature and Humidity Sensing
Authors: Bourely James , Kim Jaemin , Beyer Christian , Vorobyov Oleksandr , Aeby Xavier , Nyström Gustav , Briand Danick 
Published: June 2024

AbstractResearch on chipless and passive architectures for environmental sensing is generating high interest because they do not require any semiconductor components or batteries to operate, thus resulting in an eco‐friendlier footprint. This study demonstrates a printed microstrip line with multiple resonators using biodegradable materials to continuously monitor temperature and relative humidity (RH). Constructed with a paper substrate and printed zinc conductive lines, and encapsulated with beeswax to protect against the interference of humidity, the microstrip line integrates spiral‐shaped resonators. One resonator operates at 1.2 GHz for temperature sensing, while another, coated with konjac glucomannan serves for relative humidity sensing at 2 GHz. The multi‐resonating features allow for a simultaneous assessment of temperature and humidity. The microstrip line displays a linear sensitivity to temperature of −1.35 MHz °C−1 and a non‐linear relative humidity sensitivity ranging between −0.8 and −8 MHz/%RH from 30% to 70% RH. Its degradation in a lab‐made compost for 70 days shows the removal of the transducing layer in 7 days and degradation of the cellulosic substrate starting after 5 weeks. The developed environmental sensing devices are notably promising for future applications in smart packaging and the tracking of goods aiming at the minimization of electronic waste.
Ion Migration and Space‐Charge Zones in Metal Halide Perovskites Through Short‐Circuit Transient Current and Numerical Simulations
Authors: Alvarez Agustin O. , García‐Batlle Marisé , Lédée Ferdinand , Gros‐Daillon Eric , Guillén Javier Mayén , Verilhac Jean‐Marie , Lemercier Thibault , Zaccaro Julien , Marsal Lluis F. , Almora Osbel , Garcia‐Belmonte Germà 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe inherent ion migration in metal halide perovskite materials is known to induce deleterious and highly unstable dark currents in X‐ and γ‐ray detectors based on those compounds upon bias application. Dark current slow drift with time is identified as one of the major drawbacks for these devices to satisfy industrial requirements. Because dark current establishes the detectability limit, current evolution, and eventual growth may mask photocurrent signals produced by incoming X‐ray photons. Relevant information for detector assessment is ion‐related parameters such as ion concentration, ion mobility, and ionic space‐charge zones that are eventually built near the outer contacts upon detector biasing. A combined experimental (simple measurement of dark current transients) and 1D numerical simulation method is followed here using single‐crystal and microcrystalline millimeter‐thick methylammonium‐lead bromide that allows extracting ion mobility within the range of µion  ≈ 10−7 cm2 V−1 s−1, while ion concentration values approximate Nion ≈ 1015 cm−3, depending on the perovskite crystallinity.
Is Fluorine Incorporation in the La0.6Sr0.4Co0.2Fe0.8O3−δ Improving Its Electrochemical Behavior for Solid Oxide Cells Applications?
Authors: Shen Zonghao , Bassat Jean‐Marc , Fourcade Sebastien , Demourgues Alain , Durand Etienne , Teule‐Gay Lionel , Duttine Mathieu , Gamon Jacinthe 
Published: June 2024

AbstractF‐doped La0.6Sr0.4Co0.2Fe0.8O3‐x−δFx (LSCFFx, x = 0.05, 0.10, and 0.20) materials are evaluated as oxygen electrodes for solid oxide fuel and electrolyser cell application. Materials have been prepared via low‐temperature topotactic route by fluorination of the parent oxide with polyvinylidene fluorine (PVDF). A decrease in the polarisation resistance (Rp) is observed for the “LSCFFx” symmetric cells. However, the improved electrochemical behavior for the symmetric cells cannot be explained by the presence of fluorine, as post mortem chemical analysis shows that fluorine is absent from the materials after the calcination treatment, contradicting previous results from the literature and calling for deeper understanding. The presence of fluorine is proved to result in a sluggish surface exchange rate compared with the LSCF oxide via pulsed isotopic exchange technique. Despite the absence of fluorine in the fabricated symmetric cell, annealing with PVDF at low temperatures prior to the electrode fabrication is proven to be a beneficial step to improve the electrochemical performance of LSCF material with applications for solid oxide cells. Studies with room temperature X‐ray diffraction, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and Mössbauer spectroscopy suggest that increased oxygen vacancy concentration, structural disorder and changes in the cobalt/iron valence state distribution are potential explanations for the reduced Rp.
Gamification of emergency medicine cost awareness education
Authors: Ray Joseph 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundDespite rising costs of health care, physician awareness of costs remains poor. Educational initiatives to remedy this have shown promise, with gamification specifically having success, but actual improvements in physician estimation capabilities have yet to be evaluated.ObjectivesThe objective of the study was to assess a gamified educational session for emergency medicine residents that improved their ability to estimate the costs of tests or services commonly performed in their department.MethodsParticipants completed an anonymous presession survey consisting of demographic data, self‐analysis on cost awareness, and a 10‐item cost estimation list. This was followed by a 1‐h interactive gamified education session utilizing rules from the television show The Price is Right. During this session, only three of the survey items had their cost directly discussed such that the remaining seven were able to be assessed solely on estimation improvement instead of short‐term knowledge retention. Participants then completed the same survey to assess for improvement in cost awareness.ResultsSixteen residents at the PGY‐2 or PGY‐3 level completed the surveys and education session. All self‐analysis questions showed significant improvement in the postsession survey. Eight out of the 10 items had significant differences in cost estimation.ConclusionsA gamified teaching session using The Price is Right rules can improve a resident's estimation capabilities, even on items not directly taught during the session.
Fluorescence of European glass eel (Anguilla anguilla L.) under ultraviolet light
Authors: Moore A. , Armstrong F. , Evans Derek W. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe existence of ultraviolet (UV) biofluorescence in nature has been documented in a wide range of flora and fauna. Biofluorescence is utilised throughout biological and ecological functionality, and although invisible to the human visual perception, this spectral range is known to be integral for communication across flocks, swarms, shoals and between individuals. Under UV illumination, European eel juveniles (glass eel) were found to fluoresce bright yellow. Follow‐up experiments using the UV light source on preceding eel life stages such as pigmented glass eels (elvers), ‘bootlace eels’ (juvenile yellow eels), older yellow eels and migrating silver eels, all found that these stages had lost the capacity for biofluorescence. The information gathered from this study suggests that the use of UV light for presence/absence glass eel arrival surveying could be a useful and effective tool for researchers in the research field.
Vapor‐liquid interfacial properties of binary mixtures from molecular simulation and density gradient theory
Authors: Großmann Oliver , Stephan Simon , Langenbach Kai , Hasse Hans 
Published: June 2024

AbstractProperties of the vapor‐liquid interface of 16 binary mixtures were studied using molecular dynamics simulations and density gradient theory in combination with the PCP‐SAFT equation of state. All binary combinations of the heavy‐boiling components (cyclohexane, toluene, acetone, and carbon tetrachloride) with the light‐boiling components (methane, carbon dioxide, hydrogen chloride, and nitrogen) were investigated at 0.7 times the critical temperature of the heavy‐boiling component in the whole composition range. Data on the surface tension, the enrichment, the relative adsorption, and the interfacial thickness, as well as for the vapor‐liquid equilibrium and Henry's law constant are reported. The binary interaction parameters were fitted to experimental data in a consistent way for all systems and both methods. Overall, the results from both methods agree well for all investigated properties. The interfacial properties of the different studied systems differ strongly. We show that these differences are directly related to the underlying phase equilibrium behavior.
Nickel‐Catalyzed Sequential Synthesis of Alkylated Quinolines and Their Photophysical Studies
Authors: Keerthana Pari , Nawaz Khan Fazlur Rahman 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAn efficient nickel‐catalyzed sequential one‐pot strategy for the synthesis of coumarin‐appended quinolines and bis‐quinolines has been developed under mild reaction conditions in moderate to good yields (up to 84 %) via dehydrogenative Friedlander annulation followed by C(sp3)−H functionalization. The use of a cost‐effective Ni catalyst, environmentally friendly solvents and simple operating procedures are the attractive attributes of this method. Additionally, the photophysical properties of the synthesized derivatives were explored utilizing UV‐vis absorption and fluorescence emission studies. Furthermore, the large‐scale synthesis and the synthetic utility of the derivatives highlight the potential applicability of this strategy in synthetic organic chemistry. Moreover, A plausible reaction mechanism is supported by the control experiments and reaction monitoring by 1H NMR analysis.
Premenopausal bilateral oophorectomy and brain white matter brain integrity in later‐life
Authors: Mielke Michelle M. , Frank Ryan D. , Christenson Luke R. , Reid Robert I. , Fields Julie A. , Knyazhanskaya Zhenya E. , Kara Firat , Vemuri Prashanthi , Rocca Walter A. , Kantarci Kejal 
Published: June 2024

AbstractINTRODUCTIONPremenopausal bilateral oophorectomy (PBO) is associated with later‐life cognition, but the underlying brain changes remain unclear. We assessed the impact of PBO and PBO age on white matter integrity.METHODSFemale participants with regional diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) metrics of fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusivity (MD) were included (22 with PBO < 40 years; 43 with PBO 40‐45 years; 39 with PBO 46‐49 years; 907 referents without PBO < 50 years). Linear regression models adjusted for age and apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotype.RESULTSFemales with PBO < 40 years, compared to referents, had lower FA and higher MD in the anterior corona radiata, genu of the corpus collosum, inferior fronto‐occipital fasciculus, superior occipital, and superior temporal white matter. Females who underwent PBO between 45 and 49 also had some changes in white matter integrity.DISCUSSIONFemales who underwent PBO < 40 years had reduced white matter integrity across multiple regions in later‐life. These results are important for females considering PBO for noncancerous conditions.Highlights
Females with premenopausal bilateral oophorectomy (PBO) < 40 years had lower FA versus referents.
Females with PBO < 40 years had higher MD in many regions versus referents.
Adjusting for estrogen replacement therapy use did not attenuate results.
Females with PBO 45‐49 years also had some white matter changes versus referents.
tPA supplementation preserves neurovascular and cognitive function in Tg2576 mice
Authors: Uekawa Ken , Anfray Antoine , Ahn Sung Ji , Casey Nicole , Seo James , Zhou Ping , Iadecola Costantino , Park Laibaik 
Published: June 2024

AbstractINTRODUCTIONAmyloid beta (Aβ) impairs the cerebral blood flow (CBF) increase induced by neural activity (functional hyperemia). Tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) is required for functional hyperemia, and in mouse models of Aβ accumulation tPA deficiency contributes to neurovascular and cognitive impairment. However, it remains unknown if tPA supplementation can rescue Aβ‐induced neurovascular and cognitive dysfunction.METHODSTg2576 mice and wild‐type littermates received intranasal tPA (0.8 mg/kg/day) or vehicle 5 days a week starting at 11 to 12 months of age and were assessed 3 months later.RESULTSTreatment of Tg2576 mice with tPA restored resting CBF, prevented the attenuation in functional hyperemia, and improved nesting behavior. These effects were associated with reduced cerebral atrophy and cerebral amyloid angiopathy, but not parenchymal amyloid.DISCUSSIONThese findings highlight the key role of tPA deficiency in the neurovascular and cognitive dysfunction associated with amyloid pathology, and suggest potential therapeutic strategies involving tPA reconstitution.Highlights
Amyloid beta (Aβ) induces neurovascular dysfunction and impairs the increase of cerebral blood flow induced by neural activity (functional hyperemia).
Tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) deficiency contributes to the neurovascular and cognitive dysfunction caused by Aβ.
In mice with florid amyloid pathology intranasal administration of tPA rescues the neurovascular and cognitive dysfunction and reduces brain atrophy and cerebral amyloid angiopathy.
tPA deficiency plays a crucial role in neurovascular and cognitive dysfunction induced by Aβ and tPA reconstitution may be of therapeutic value.
Hirocidins, Cytotoxic Metabolites from Streptomyces hiroshimensis, Induce Mitochondrion‐Mediated Apoptosis
Authors: Han Esther J. , Jeong Myungeun , Lee Seoung Rak , Sorensen Erik J. , Seyedsayamdost Mohammad R. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractRecent advances in whole genome sequencing have revealed an immense microbial potential for the production of therapeutic small molecules, even from well‐known producers. To access this potential, we subjected prominent antimicrobial producers to alternative antiproliferative assays using persistent cancer cell lines. Described herein is our discovery of hirocidins, novel secondary metabolites from Streptomyces hiroshimensis with antiproliferative activities against colon and persistent breast cancer cells. Hirocidin A is an unusual nine‐membered carbocyclic maleimide and hirocidins B and C are relatives with an unprecedented, bridged azamacrocyclic backbone. Mode of action studies show that hirocidins trigger mitochondrion‐dependent apoptosis by inducing expression of the key apoptotic effector caspase‐9. The discovery of new cytotoxins contributes to scaffold diversification in anticancer drug discovery and the reported modes of action and concise total synthetic route for variant A set the stage for unraveling specific targets and biochemical interactions of the hirocidins.
mRNA Display in Cell Lysates Enables Identification of Cyclic Peptides Targeting the BRD3 Extraterminal Domain
Authors: Hurd Catherine A. , Bush Jacob T. , Powell Andrew J. , Walport Louise J. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractmRNA display is a powerful technology to screen libraries of >1012 cyclic peptides against a protein target, enabling the rapid discovery of high affinity ligands. These cyclic peptides are particularly well suited to challenging protein targets that have been difficult to drug with small molecules. However, target choice can still be limited as screens are typically performed against purified proteins which often demands the use of isolated domains and precludes the use of aggregation‐prone targets. Herein, we report a method to perform mRNA display selections in mammalian cell lysates without the need for prior target purification, vastly expanding the potential target scope of mRNA display. We have applied the methodology to identify low to sub‐nanomolar peptide binders for two targets: a NanoLuc subunit (LgBiT) and full‐length bromodomain‐containing protein 3 (BRD3). Our cyclic peptides for BRD3 were found to bind to the extraterminal (ET) domain of BRD3 and the closely related BRD proteins, BRD2 and BRD4. While many chemical probes exist for the bromodomains of BRD proteins, the ET domain is relatively underexplored, making these peptides valuable additions to the BRD toolbox.
Highly Fluorinated Nanospace in Porous Organic Salts with High Water Stability/Capability and Proton Conductivity
Authors: Ami Takahiro , Oka Kouki , Kitajima Showa , Tohnai Norimitsu 
Published: June 2024

AbstractWater in hydrophobic nanospaces shows specific dynamic properties different from bulk water. The investigation of these properties is important in various research fields, including materials science, chemistry, and biology. The elucidation of the correlation between properties of water and hydrophobic nanospaces requires nanospaces covered only with simple hydrophobic group (e.g., fluorine) without impurities such as metals. This work successfully fabricated all‐organic diamondoid porous organic salts (d‐POSs) with highly fluorinated nanospaces, wherein hydrophobic fluorine atoms are densely exposed on the void surfaces, by combining fluorine substituted triphenylmethylamine (TPMA) derivatives with tetrahedral tetrasulfonic acid. This d‐POSs with a highly fluorinated nanospace significantly improved their water stability, retaining their crystal structure even when immersed in water over one week. Moreover, this highly hydrophobic and fluorinated nanospace adsorbs 160 mL(STP)/g of water vapor at Pe/P0=0.90; this is the first hydrophobic nanospace, which water molecules can enter, in an all‐organic porous material. Furthermore, this highly fluorinated nanospace exhibits very high proton conductivity (1.34×10−2 S/cm) at 90 °C and 95 % RH. POSs with tailorable nanospaces may significantly advance the elucidation of the properties of specific “water” in pure hydrophobic environments.
Alkyl‐Doping Enables Significant Suppression of Conformational Relaxation and Intermolecular Nonradiative Decay for Improved Near‐Infrared Fluorescence Imaging
Authors: Liang Yuying , Pan Yonghui , Chen Lu , Li Ping , Xu Man , Zhou Hui , Lu Xiaomei , Hu Wenbo , Yin Chao , Fan Quli 
Published: June 2024

AbstractDespite various efforts to optimize the near‐infrared (NIR) performance of perylene diimide (PDI) derivatives for bio‐imaging, convenient and efficient strategies to amplify the fluorescence of PDI derivatives in biological environment and the intrinsic mechanism studies are still lacking. Herein, we propose an alkyl‐doping strategy to amplify the fluorescence of PDI derivative‐based nanoparticles for improved NIR fluorescence imaging. The developed PDI derivative, OPE‐PDI, shows much brighter in n‐Hexane (HE) compared with that in other organic media, and the excited state dynamics investigation experimentally elucidates the solvent effect‐induced suppression of intermolecular energy transfer and intramolecular nonradiative decay as the underlying mechanism for the fluorescence improvement. Theoretical calculations reveal the lowest reorganization energies of OPE‐PDI in HE among various solvents, indicating the effectively suppressed conformational relaxation to support the strongest radiative decay. Inspired by this, an alkyl atmosphere mimicking HE is constructed by incorporating the octadecane into OPE‐PDI‐based nanoparticles, permitting up to 3‐fold fluorescence improvement compared with the counterpart nanoparticles. Owing to the merits of high brightness, anti‐photobleaching, and low biotoxicity for the optimal nanoparticles, they have been employed for probing and long‐term monitoring of tumor. This work highlights a facile strategy for the fluorescence enhancement of PDI derivative‐based nanoparticles.
P,N‐Coordinating Ylide‐Functionalized Phosphines (NYPhos): A Ligand Platform for the Selective Monoarylation of Small Nucleophiles
Authors: Löffler Julian , Kaiser Nicolas , Knyszek Daniel , Krischer Felix , Jörges Mike , Feichtner Kai‐Stephan , Gessner Viktoria H. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractPalladium‐catalyzed coupling reactions of small nucleophiles are of great interest, but challenging due to difficulties in selectivity control. Herein, we report the development of a new platform of P,N‐ligands consisting of ylide‐functionalized phosphines with aminophosphonium groups (NYPhos) to address this challenge. These phosphine ligands are easily accessible in a wide structural diversity with highly modular electronic and steric properties. Based on a family of 14 ligands the selective monoarylation of acetone as well as other challenging ketones and amides was accomplished with record‐setting activities even for aryl chlorides at room temperature including late‐stage functionalizations of drug molecules. Moreover, ammonia and other small primary amines could be coupled at mild conditions. Isolation and structure analyses of palladium complexes within the catalytic cycle confirmed that the P,N‐coordination mode is necessary to achieve the observed selectivities. It also demonstrated the facile adjustability of the N‐donor strength, which is beneficial for the targeted design of tailored P,N‐ligands for future applications.
Toward measuring data literacy for higher education: Developing and validating a data literacy self‐efficacy scale
Authors: Kim Jeonghyun , Hong Lingzi , Evans Sarah 
Published: June 2024

AbstractData literacy, a multifaceted competency in working with data, has emerged as an essential skill that holds significance in both personal and professional lives. Nonetheless, there is a lack of a precise definition of data literacy, and individuals' perceptions of their data literacy have not been thoroughly investigated. This study aims to develop and validate a scale designed for measuring self‐efficacy in data literacy within the context of higher education. Both exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were conducted to determine construct validity and reliability. The resulting data literacy self‐efficacy scale comprises 31 items organized into three factors: data identification, data processing, and data management and sharing. These factors represent distinct yet interconnected dimensions, highlighting the multifaceted nature of data literacy.