bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pre‐operative diflunisal for pain relief following third molar surgery under general anaesthesia
Authors: Rodrigo M. R. C. , Comfort M. B. , Lee K. M. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractIn order to find out whether long‐acting non‐narcotic analgesics given pre‐operatively reduce the postoperative pain and decrease the narcotic analgesic requirements following third molar surgery under general anaesthesia, thirty Hong Kong Chinese patients undergoing this procedure were randomly given either diflunisal or placebo one hour prior to anaesthesia. Pain reduction was monitored for ten hours from the end of surgery using visual analogue scales. Except in the first hour, pain reduction at each hour was significantly better in the diflunisal group than in the placebo group. Furthermore, only one patient required narcotic analgesics in the diflunisal group compared with five in the placebo group. In patients who had multiple tooth sectioning or very difficult surgery of one or both lower third molars, the requirement for post‐operative analgesics was high in the placebo group.
Coronal morphology of the mandibular second premolar in the Singaporean Chinese
Authors: Loh H. S. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractFive hundred and sixty‐four patients of Singaporean Chinese origin with bilateral second premolars present were screened. Morphological features of the crown, number and position of cusps and the sex of the patient were recorded. The mesio‐distal dimensions of the crowns were measured. Three hundred and seventy‐four (66.3 per cent) exhibited bilateral 2‐cusp forms; 143 (25.4 per cent) were 3‐cusp forms; and 47 (8.3 per cent) were mixed. There was no sex predilection in the three groups. In the 2‐cusp forms, the predominant occlusal pattern was H‐shaped (75.9 per cent). The 3‐cusp type with a Y‐shaped pattern and a squarish outline is a significant morphological and racial characteristic in the local population. The presence of 2‐cusp and 3‐cusp forms in an individual is an unusual developmental phenomenon.
Orofacial sensitivity reactions and the role of dietary components. Case reports
Authors: Reed B. E. , Barrett A. P. , Katelaris C. , Bilous M. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractDietary components have proven to be important aetiological factors in orofacial sensitivity reactions such as plasma cell gingivitis and orofacial granulomatosis. The use of elimination diets to identify these dietary antigens can be instrumental in both diagnosis and effective treatment for these disorders.
Oral herpes remission and fluoride pulsing. Case reports
Authors: Woods Robin 
Published: May 2009

AbstractBased on evidence from observation of some twenty cases, there would appear to be a relationship between the incidence and severity of herpes simplex attacks and the ingestion of daily fluoride in the form of tablet supplementation. Although only anecdotal at present, the cases presented seem to indicate that children who had previously suffered from recurrent herpes entered into a period of partial or complete remission when receiving daily fluoride tablet supplementation. Further observations are needed to confirm this relationship.
One‐year clinical evaluation of three dentine bonding agents
Authors: Tyas Martin J. , Chandler Janine E. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractOne hundred and twenty‐five composite restorations were placed in non‐undercut, non‐enamel‐etched Class V abrasion lesions in 20 patients using the dentine bonding agents Scotchbond 2, Tripton, and Prisma Universal Bond 2. Patients were recalled at approximately 3 months, 6 months, and 1 year. After 1 year the cumulative per cent survival of restorations was Scotchbond 2, 8 per cent; Scotchbond 2 with dentine roughening, 16 per cent; Tripton, 16 per cent; Prisma Universal Bond 2, 75 per cent.
The evolution of the complete denture base. Theories of complete denture retention—A review. Part 2
Authors: Murray Michael D. , Darvell Brian W. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractThe history of denture base materials and the accompanying development of impression techniques are traced from the earliest times to the present day (Part 1) as a prelude to a study (Part 2–4) of the various theories that have been advanced to explain retention of the base without mechanical support. These theories are critically reviewed and tabulated in chronological order. Some areas for further investigation are identified.
Oral health status and treatment needs of non‐institutionalized persons aged 60 + in Adelaide, South Australia
Authors: Slade Gary D. , Spencer A. John , Gorkic Ed , Andrews Gary 
Published: May 2009

AbstractThere has been a growing recognition of the need to obtain information about the oral health of older Australians. The aim of this report is to provide descriptive epidemiological information about the oral health and treatment needs of non‐institutionalized older adults in Adelaide. Data from interviews with 178 persons aged 60 + were obtained from a pilot study. Clinical data were available for 106 persons who participated in oral examinations. Among the 52.9 per cent of dentate persons, the prevalence of root decay (27.1 per cent) was slightly higher than coronal decay (23.6 per cent). Some 28.1 per cent of dentate persons had a serious periodontal condition, defined as the presence of four or more teeth with at least 5 mm or more of periodontal attachment loss and periodontal pocketing of 4 mm or more at one or more of those teeth. The majority of persons (83.8 per cent) wore one or two dentures. Disorders associated with dentures were frequent, affecting 77.4 per cent of upper denture wearers and 72.5 per cent of lower denture wearers. Persons who were older, who had lower educational attainment or lower household incomes were disadvantaged in aspects of oral health status and dental caries. However, there were no consistent associations between chronic medical conditions and oral disorders. Despite the high prevalence of oral impairment, reflecting extensive disease activity in the past, high levels of untreated disease were relatively uncommon. Instead, a high prevalence of oral disorders created a substantial need for basic forms of dental treatment in this group.
The evolution of the complete denture base. Theories of complete denture retention — A review. Part 3
Authors: Murray Michael D. , Darvell Brian W. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractThe history of denture base materials and the accompanying development of impression techniques are traced from the earliest times to the present day (Part 1) as a prelude to a study (Part 2–4) of the various theories that have been advanced to explain retention of the base without mechanical support. These theories are critically reviewed and tabulated in chronological order. Some areas for further investigation are identified.
A simple eyesight screening programme for dental undergraduates: Results after 7 years
Authors: Rawlinson A. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractThis paper reports the results of a simple eyesight screening programme for dental undergraduates which has been used for 7 years. Examinations were performed by orthoptists at a general hospital associated with the dental school. Defects in visual acuity, squints, limitations of convergence, defective stereopsis and colour vision were found. Many students were unaware of their visual defects, and the findings support the continued use of visual screening to identify and encourage those with defects to seek professional treatment at an early opportunity.Many of the defects were correctable or could be improved with help. Those with defective colour‐vision were encouraged to seek assistance with shade selection during their clinical careers. The value of visual screening and the significance of the findings are discussed.
A microcomputer system for physiological data collection and analysis
Authors: L'Estrange Peter R. , Blowers Alan R. , Carlyon Robert G. , Karlsson Stig L. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractThe ability to monitor and record activity within the masticatory system is of importance to both general practitioner and research worker. Recent developments in physiological data collection and analysis at the Department of Anatomy, University of Queensland, have achieved that objective in a simple and cost‐effective manner. Recording, printing, plotting, and a wide range of analysis procedures can be undertaken utilizing relatively inexpensive available computers.
HIV infection and the dentist. 1. The presence of HIV in saliva and its implications to dental practice
Authors: Serb Peter , Yeung Stephen 
Published: May 2009

AbstractThe human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) has been detected in all body fluids. The presence and the detection of HIV virus in human saliva are reviewed. Modes of HIV transmission are discussed with particular reference to the possibility and risk of virus transmission via saliva. This risk is considered to be extremely low. The relevance of this information to the practising dentist is discussed and some practical suggestions in infection control are made.
HIV infection and the dentist. 2. The diagnosis and management of gingivitis and periodontitis
Authors: Yeung Stephen , Serb Peter 
Published: May 2009

AbstractIn HIV infected patients, a distinct form of gingivitis and periodontitis was reported recently. This paper reviews the clinical and microbiological features of these lesions and makes recommendations regarding their clinical management. The need for early treatment and control of periodontitis in HIV seropositive patients is emphasized.
Specific lymphocytotoxic destruction of autologous epithelial cell targets in recurrent aphthous stomatitis
Authors: Savage Neil W. , Seymour Gregory J. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractConcepts of the immunopathogenesis of recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS) based on lesion histology suggest an early role for CD4+ T cells. Other in vitro studies show enhanced destruction of epithelial targets by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from RAS subjects. The present project aimed to extend these studies under conditions simulating the in vivo situation. Epithelial cells were cultured and induced to express class I and class II major histocompatibility complex (MHC) antigens with gamma interferon (γ‐IFN). Co‐cultures with autologous PBMC showed evidence of specific destruction of epithelial targets in RAS patients when compared with a control group. Co‐culture with CD4+ enriched cells also showed specific epithelial cell lysis. Effector cells pre‐incubated with interleukin‐2 (IL‐2) did not produce increased destruction of epithelial cells. This study has supported previous work and identified an early role of CD4+ cells.
Ultrastructural morphology of vascular endothelial junctions in periodontal ligament
Authors: Chintakanon K. , Sims M. R. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractThe TEM was used to categorize vessels and their junctions in normal and tensioned rat maxillary molar periodontal ligament. In tensioned periodontal ligament mean luminal diameters of capillaries were significantly smaller (p< 0.001). Goniometer tilting of sections with apparent tight regions revealed that only 16 per cent were actual tight junctions. The other regions proved to be close junctions (85 per cent) and open junctions (4 per cent). No gap junctions were found. These findings establish that morphologically the periodontal ligament contains a microvascular bed of ‘leaky’ endothelium with a potentially high permeability factor.
In vitro development of lower first molars from the osteopetrotic microphthalmic (mi) mouse
Authors: Symons Anne L. , Powell Robin N. , Seymour Gregory J. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractWhile the precise mechanism of tooth eruption remains unknown it has been established that for tooth eruption to occur a functioning dental follicle is essential and normal bone resorption is required. In the osteopetrotic microphthalmic (mi) mouse, teeth fail to erupt and development is affected. In the present study, an organ culture technique was established to culture successfully lower first molars from normal and affected mi mice so as to determine if developmental defects were intrinsic to the dental tissue or whether such defects were a result of local environmental factors. Tissue was cultured for up to 13 days and development assessed morphologically at varying time intervals using standard light microscopy. Teeth developed similarly in both animal groups studied. The only variation in the appearance of cultured tissue occurred in the cervical loop region with more curling evident in dental tissue from the affected animals. The results of this study therefore showed that dental tissue from both normal and affected mi mice can be cultured for up to 13 days and that there is no difference in their development. It would appear that these teeth have the same ability to develop and consequently erupt, however the local environment influences tooth development and alters the eruption potential.
Factors associated with continuing pain in endodontics
Authors: Abbott Paul V. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractA survey of 100 patients referred to a specialist endodontic practice was undertaken to determine the frequency of various factors associated with continuing pain after endodontic treatment had been commenced by the patient's general dental practitioner. Information was obtained by questioning the patient, examining the tooth, reviewing information supplied by the referring dentist and by observation during subsequent treatment. There were 23 different factors associated with continuing pain — all patients had more than one factor; most (78 per cent) had four, five or six factors; the highest was 9 factors (2 per cent). The most commonly occurring factors were: lack of use of rubber dam (87 per cent), unsatisfactory temporary restorations (80 per cent), and inappropriate use of intracanal medicaments (71 per cent). The other factors were related to diagnostic or treatment errors that could have been avoided in most cases. This survey suggests that dentists need to pay more attention to basic treatment recommendations in order to predictably relieve pain when carrying out emergency endodontics.
Mandibular deformity associated with Paget's disease. Case report
Authors: Thomas D. W. , Tate R. J. , Shepherd J. P. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractPaget's disease (osteitis deformans) and osteoporosis represent the commonest systemic bone disorders. Clinically Paget's disease may be mono‐, or polyostotic, and is characterized by excessive and disorganized formation and resorption of bone. It may affect any of the facial bones, most notably the skull and the jaws. A case is described in which the only symptomatic manifestation of Paget's disease was mandibular prognathism. The pathogenesis, aetiology, and management are discussed.
A misdiagnosed giant dentigerous cyst involving the maxillary antrum and affecting the orbit. Case report
Authors: Kaya Ömer , Bocutoğlu Önder 
Published: May 2009

AbstractA case report of gigantic, previously misdiagnosed dentigerous cyst is presented. The cyst originated from an impacted upper right cuspid and its expansion involved the whole of the right maxillary sinus, the orbital floor and the lateral wall of the nose. The extent of the expansion was highlighted by the injection of contrast medium.
Radiopacity of elastomeric impression materials
Authors: Parissis N. , Iakovidis D. , Chirakis S. , Tsirlis A. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to measure and classify the radiopacity of various elastomeric impression materials available on the open market and to compare their appearance in radiographs of the oral tissues. In order to measure and classify their radiopacity, twenty‐eight specimens of various materials were placed and exposed on film together with an aluminium stepwedge. A dummy head was used to investigate the radiographic density of the above specimens in comparison with that of simulated oral tissues.
A problem‐based approach to a course in oral diagnosis
Authors: Wetherell John , Mullins Gerry 
Published: May 2009

AbstractThis paper describes the first two years of an attempt to introduce a problem‐based approach into the teaching of oral diagnosis. The most significant features of this approach were the involvement of the students in setting course goals, the use of student journals to encourage reflection on learning, the encouragement of self‐assessment, and an attempt to relate clinical practice to problem‐solving seminars. The paper reports on student reactions to the course and discusses further developments in the course, in particular attempts to develop a more explicit understanding in students of their own learning processes, and more attention to factors in the learning environment which engender confidence, reflection and self‐evaluation.
Palatally impacted canines: aetiology of impaction and the scope for interception. Report of cases outside the guidelines for interception
Authors: Jacobs Stanley G. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractPatients with palatally impacted canines have an increased incidence of missing or anomalous lateral incisors adjacent to the impacted canines. Their arches are often uncrowded and this, in part, is linked to the increased incidence of missing or anomalous lateral incisors. Other teeth are also more frequently missing. The present guidelines for the relief of palatally impacted canines by extraction of the deciduous canine require that the patient is aged between 10–13 years and that normal space conditions are present. Two successful case reports are presented which were outside the recommended guidelines. The technique of relieving a palatal impaction by extraction of the deciduous canine has wide application.
Allergy to gloves. Case report
Authors: Ching Martin , Webster Graham , Goss Alastair N. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractThe risk of contracting infectious diseases from patients with either serious or even fatal consequences has led to considerable changes in dental practice in the last few years. A key step in infection control is to prevent contact between the dentist's skin and the patient's blood and saliva by wearing gloves. The practice initially requires some patience and tolerance but then has few disadvantages. This paper reports a case where there were adverse effects to the patient from the dentist wearing gloves.
The effect of delayed placement of capsulated cements on crown seating
Authors: Wilson Peter R. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractThe effect of delayed seating of a crown onto a die was determined when using capsulated zinc phosphate and glass ionomer cements. The space between the crown and the die was varied up to 60 μm, and the commencement of seating was from 30 to 210 seconds after mixing ended.The zinc phosphate cement gave gradually increasing seating discrepancies with time, but providing 45 μm of space was present, the crown could be well seated up to 3 minutes after mixing. It is argued that this cement is particularly suitable for cementing burnishable inlays. The glass ionomer cement permitted reduced seating discrepancies compared with zinc phosphate cement when 45 μm of space was present, but gave poor results when the seating was delayed more than three minutes. The capsulated cements were clean and quick to use, and It is recommended that if there is a delay in seating, a new mix of cement shoud be prepared rather than attempting to complete cementation with an obviously setting cement.
The need for post‐vaccination serology and the timing of booster vaccinations against hepatitis B in dental health care workers
Authors: Davies G. R. , Porra M. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractViral hepatitis caused by the hepatitis B virus is a disease which has no oral manifestations but is of direct concern to dental health care workers due to its transmissibility by transfer of minute quantities of infected body fluids from patients with the condition. Many chronic carriers of HBV do not have signs and symptoms of hepatitis and are frequently unaware of the virus they harbour.In recent years immunization against HBV has become possible and a high success rate has been achieved in inducing immunity against HBV in dental health care workers who have completed an immunization programme. When the HBV vaccines were introduced to widespread clinical use in the 1980s it was optimistically predicted that immunity conferred by the vaccines would be for ten years. Recent research has cast severe doubts on this optimism and clinical trials have indicated that the immunity may be short‐lived and varies between individuals. Longevity of immunity is dependent upon antibody levels attained by the immunization programme. Post‐immunization antibody levels can be utilized as a guide to the longevity of the immunity and hence should serve as a prognostic indicator for timing of booster inoculations.
Dental health changes in an Australian Defence Force population
Authors: Dawson Anthony S. , Smales Roger J. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractThe dental histories of 100 long‐term members of the Royal Australian Air Force were obtained from their dental records. Data relating to dental health status, as measured by the DMF indices and the T‐Health scores, were tested to determine if there were any correlations present between changes in dental health and certain risk factors which had been identified by previous studies in the General Dental Service in Scotland. These studies had demonstrated positive relationships between the frequency of dental examination and the frequency with which patients changed their dentist, with the amount of dental treatment the patients received. However, within the potential limitations imposed by the sample size, the present long‐term study did not detect any significant associations between the frequencies of dental examination or change of dentist, with changes in dental health.
Ectopic eruption of transposed mandibular permanent lateral incisors beneath primary first molars. Case report
Authors: Brownbill John W. , Holmberg Mark , Fleming Padraig , Messer Louise Brearley 
Published: May 2009

AbstractMandibular permanent lateral incisors showing bilateral transposition and ectopic eruption were seen beneath primary first molars on bitewing radiographs in a female aged 9 years. This report chronicles management of the case during the mixed dentition period. Appropriate space maintenance after extraction of mandibular primary first molars, cuspids and lateral incisors on both sides facilitated eruption and repositioning of the permanent lateral incisors without the need to sever supracrestal gingival fibres.
Longevity of dental restorations in selected patients from different practice environments
Authors: Mahmood Shahid , Smales Roger J. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractThe objective of the study was to evaluate the longterm survivals or longevity of dental restorations placed in selected patients from different practice environments in two countries. The case histories of 46 adult patients with 622 restorations placed in three private practices in Pakistan were followed for a minimum of 10 years, and compared with similar assessments of 50 adult patients with 966 restorations placed in a dental hospital in Australia. Amalgam and composite resin restorations showed similar survivals in both countries, but cast gold restorations had much lower survivals in the Pakistan group of patients. In both countries, restoration survivals were significantly better in females, and when patients attended less frequently for treatment. For the Australian group, changes in dental operators also gave significantly better survivals, and there were significant restoration survival differences present between the three practices in Pakistan.