bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Glutathione‐induced hydrogen sulfide enhances drought tolerance in sweet pepper (Capsicum annuum L.)
Authors: Kaya Cengiz , Uğurlar Ferhat 
Published: June 2024

AbstractGlutathione (GSH) has been studied for its potential to enhance stress tolerance in plant systems, but the role of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) in GSH‐induced water stress tolerance in sweet pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) is still under investigation. This study explores how H2S and GSH modulate water stress tolerance in pepper plants, addressing a research gap. The joint effect of sodium hydrosulfide (NaHS), a donor of H2S, and GSH on water stress tolerance was determined through pre‐treatment with the H2S scavenger 0.1 mM hypotaurine (HT). Pepper seedlings were sprayed with 1.0 mM GSH or GSH + 0.2 mM NaHS once a week, with soil moisture content set at 80% and 40% for full irrigation and water stress conditions for a duration of 2 weeks. The results showed that water stress significantly reduced total plant dry weight, chlorophyll a and b content, Fv/Fm, leaf water potential, and relative water content by 50%, 56%, 33%, 27%, 52%, and 34%, while increasing hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), proline, and H2S levels by 152%, 134%, and77%, respectively. Treatment with GSH and NaHS reduced water stress‐induced H2O2 production and improved plant growth, photosynthetic traits, proline, and the activity of L‐cysteine desulfhydrase (L‐DES), leading to the generation of H2S content. GSH reduced NADPH oxidase (NOX), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and H2O2 but increased glutathione peroxidase (GPX) activities. The interaction of NaHS and GSH led to further reductions in NOX, SOD, and H2O2 values but increased GPX activity. The combined GSH and NaHS treatment increased nitric oxide (NO) production but decreased the activity of S‐nitrosoglutathione reductase (GSNOR), potentially accelerating S‐nitrosylation. Hypotaurine negated the positive impacts of GSH on water stress tolerance by reducing H2S concentration in pepper plants, but this was corrected by the concurrent application of NaHS and GSH + HT. Therefore, water stress tolerance requires H2S.
Cold‐pressed perilla seed oil: Investigating its protective influence on the gut–brain axis in mice with rotenone‐induced Parkinson's disease
Authors: Techaniyom Peerapa , Korsirikoon Chawin , Rungruang Thanaporn , Pakaprot Narawut , Prombutara Pinidphon , Mukda Sujira , Kettawan Aurawan Kringkasemsee , Kettawan Aikkarach 
Published: June 2024

AbstractPerilla seed oil, derived from a regional plant native to northern Thailand, undergoes cold‐pressing to analyze its bioactive components, notably alpha‐linolenic acid (ALA). ALA, constituting approximately 61% of the oil, serves as a precursor for therapeutic omega‐3 fatty acids, EPA and DHA, with neurodegenerative disease benefits and anti‐inflammatory responses. This study administered different concentrations of perilla seed oil to male C57BL/6 mice, categorized as low dose (LP 5% w/w), middle dose (MP 10% w/w), and high dose (HP 20% w/w), along with a fish oil (FP 10% w/w) diet. An experimental group received soybean oil (5% w/w). Over 42 days, these diets were administered while inducing Parkinson's disease (PD) with rotenone injections. Mice on a high perilla seed oil dose exhibited decreased Cox‐2 expression in the colon, suppressed Iba‐1 microglia activation, reduced alpha‐synuclein accumulation in the colon and hippocampus, prevented dopaminergic cell death in the substantia nigra, and improved motor and non‐motor symptoms. Mice on a middle dose showed maintenance of diverse gut microbiota, with an increased abundance of short‐chain fatty acid (SCFA)‐producing bacteria (Bifidobacteria, Lactobacillus, and Faecalibacteria). A reduction in bacteria correlated with PD (Turicibacter, Ruminococcus, and Akkermansia) was observed. Results suggest the potential therapeutic efficacy of high perilla seed oil doses in mitigating both intestinal and neurological aspects linked to the gut–brain axis in PD.
Sweet pepper extract reduces fat storage in Caenorhabditis elegans by SREBP‐SCD axis based on multiomics analysis
Authors: Wang Junyi , Xu Peng , Liu Xinhua , Cao Chunxin , Sheng Yingkun , Wang Jianfeng 
Published: June 2024

AbstractSweet pepper, a globally commercialized horticultural crop, has been demonstrated to impede fat accumulation, but its mechanism remains incompletely understood. This study was designed to explore the potential mechanism of sweet pepper in reducing fat accumulation in Caenorhabditis elegans through RNA‐seq and metabolome analysis. A total of 22 metabolites were identified from sweet pepper by UHPLC‐ESI‐TOF‐MS analysis. In vivo, sweet pepper significantly inhibited α‐glucosidase activity and reduced the levels of glucose, triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), and the area stained with oil red O. Additionally, it increased body length and the number of head swings in C. elegans compared to the control group. The KEGG enrichment analysis revealed significant enrichment of the biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids signaling pathway among the differentially expressed genes and metabolites. Furthermore, the mRNA levels of sterol regulatory element‐binding proteins (SREBPs) ortholog SBP‐1, as well as the stearyl CoA desaturase‐1 (SCD1), including fat‐5, fat‐6, and fat‐7, were significantly decreased after treatment with sweet pepper. Collectively, sweet pepper effectively reduces fat accumulation, which is probably related to downregulating the SREBP‐SCD axis, offering new insights for future functional food development.
Inhibition of Nε‐(carboxyethyl)lysine and Nε‐(carboxymethyl)lysine formation in beef, chicken, and fish meat: A comparative study of oven frying and air frying with a marinade‐containing Micromeria fruticosa
Authors: Kılıç Altun Serap , Aydemir Mehmet Emin , Takım Kasım , Yilmaz Mustafa Abdullah 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe objective of this study was to assess the impact of marinating beef, chicken, and fish with Micromeria fruticosa (M. fruticosa) on the inhibition of Nε‐(carboxyethyl)lysine (CEL) and Nε‐(carboxymethyl)lysine (CML). Furthermore, our objective was to examine how different cooking techniques, temperatures, and durations affect the creation of CEL and CML in these meat products. The study began with the characterization of M. fruticosa. Subsequently, meat samples were marinated using an M. fruticosa‐containing marinade and stored at 4 ± 1°C for 24 h. Following storage, the meats underwent cooking in an oven at 200°C for 12 min and in an air fryer at 250°C for 8 min. Subsequently, pH, color, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), as well as CEL and CML analyses were conducted. M. fruticosa had high levels of biological activity and bioactive content. Moreover, increasing the M. fruticosa ratio in the marinade demonstrated a reduction in TBARS, CML, and CEL formation. This study concludes that M. fruticosa can be effectively used as a marinade component for meat, inhibiting the formation of CEL and CML. In conclusion, this research underscores the significant potential of M. fruticosa in reducing the synthesis of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) during meat processing. These results not only enhance our comprehension of the complex relationship between plant extracts and meat quality but also present encouraging prospects for fostering healthier and safer cooking methods.
Identification, quantification, and antidepressant‐like evaluation of anthocyanin‐rich extracts from different dietary berries
Authors: Wang Jun , Cheng Jie , Zhu Ji‐Xiao , Xu Guang‐Hui , Huang Wei‐Feng , Yi Li‐Tao 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBerries are highly valued for their rich phenolic content, particularly anthocyanins, which are known for their antioxidative properties and potential effectiveness against depression. This study identified and quantified anthocyanin profiles in blueberry, blackberry, black mulberry, and cranberry using ultra‐performance liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (UPLC–MS), followed by in vivo evaluation of their antidepressant‐like activities. Blueberry and black mulberry showed significant levels of cyanidin‐3‐galactoside and cyanidin. Acute supplementation with these berries decreased serum corticosterone levels and increased monoamine neurotransmitters, while chronic supplementation enhanced antioxidative activity and reduced neuroinflammation in the hippocampus of mice. These findings indicate that the neurochemical, antioxidative, and anti‐inflammatory effects of blueberry and black mulberry mediate their therapeutic role against depression. Berries rich in cyanidin‐3‐galactoside and cyanidin may be valuable in developing functional foods, dietary supplements, and pharmacological formulations for mental health improvement.
Dynamics of spike transmission and suppression between principal cells and interneurons in the hippocampus and entorhinal cortex
Authors: Iwase Motosada , Diba Kamran , Pastalkova Eva , Mizuseki Kenji 
Published: June 2024

AbstractSynaptic excitation and inhibition are essential for neuronal communication. However, the variables that regulate synaptic excitation and inhibition in the intact brain remain largely unknown. Here, we examined how spike transmission and suppression between principal cells (PCs) and interneurons (INTs) are modulated by activity history, brain state, cell type, and somatic distance between presynaptic and postsynaptic neurons by applying cross‐correlogram analyses to datasets recorded from the dorsal hippocampus and medial entorhinal cortex (MEC) of 11 male behaving and sleeping Long Evans rats. The strength, temporal delay, and brain‐state dependency of the spike transmission and suppression depended on the subregions/layers. The spike transmission probability of PC–INT excitatory pairs that showed short‐term depression versus short‐term facilitation was higher in CA1 and lower in CA3. Likewise, the intersomatic distance affected the proportion of PC–INT excitatory pairs that showed short‐term depression and facilitation in the opposite manner in CA1 compared with CA3. The time constant of depression was longer, while that of facilitation was shorter in MEC than in CA1 and CA3. During sharp‐wave ripples, spike transmission showed a larger gain in the MEC than in CA1 and CA3. The intersomatic distance affected the spike transmission gain during sharp‐wave ripples differently in CA1 versus CA3. A subgroup of MEC layer 3 (EC3) INTs preferentially received excitatory inputs from and inhibited MEC layer 2 (EC2) PCs. The EC2 PC–EC3 INT excitatory pairs, most of which showed short‐term depression, exhibited higher spike transmission probabilities than the EC2 PC–EC2 INT and EC3 PC–EC3 INT excitatory pairs. EC2 putative stellate cells exhibited stronger spike transmission to and received weaker spike suppression from EC3 INTs than EC2 putative pyramidal cells. This study provides detailed comparisons of monosynaptic interaction dynamics in the hippocampal–entorhinal loop, which may help to elucidate circuit operations.
Temperature distribution in stretching/shrinking fin with variable parameters
Authors: Sharma Priti , Singh Surjan , Upadhyay Subrahamanyam 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIn this paper, we consider a mathematical model, which has a unique mechanism of heat transfer in the stretching/shrinking straight fin with an exponential profile. The thermal conductivity, internal heat generation, and heat transfer coefficient are considered temperature‐dependent. Heat is exposed to the surroundings by convection and radiation. The governing differential equation and boundary conditions are presented in a dimensionless form. In our study, we considered variable surface emissivity, that is, a constant, and the linear function of a temperature. The convective heat transfer parameter is considered a power‐low type. The novelty of this work is the application of temperature‐dependent surface emissivity, and the problem is solved by the Legendre wavelet collocation method. A comparative analysis of the present results in the context of previous findings is presented in the form of a table for validation and found exactly the same. The impacts of distinct variables are presented in the form of figures and discussed in detail. The present analysis is focused on real‐world applications and offers valuable insights for improving the design of fins.
HIV in pregnant woman and children: Mother‐to‐child transmission of HIV in the Brazilian land border from 2010 to 2021
Authors: de Lannoy Leonor Henriette , Fuentes Anderson , Santos Patrícia C. , Coelho Ronaldo , Miranda Angélica Espinosa 
Published: June 2024

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of the present study was to analyze the profile and trends of HIV mother‐to‐child transmission (MTCT) in the Brazilian land border strip (LBS).MethodsThis was a quantitative, ecological, and cross‐sectional study using secondary data available in the information systems of the Brazilian Ministry of Health. All cases reported in the Notifiable Diseases Information System between 2010 and 2021 were studied.ResultsBetween 2010 and 2021, 275 children were born infected through MTCT, and 6076 pregnant women were living with HIV in the Brazilian LBS. HIV detection rates in pregnant women increased in all border arcs. The northern arc experienced the highest increase (19.6%), followed by the central arc (11.4%), and the southern arc (6.1%). Despite historically high detection rates, the southern arc exhibited the smallest increase. While MTCT rate decreased by 37.7% in the border area, the central arc showed no statistically significant reduction. In 2021, the average age of pregnant women was 26.2 years, 25.7% had up to 8 years of schooling, and 55.8% identified as non‐white. The majority (92.8%) received antenatal care, and 59.7% were diagnosed with HIV before prenatal care. The use of prophylactic antiretroviral therapy during prenatal care occurred in 69.6% of pregnant women, and infant prophylaxis was provided within first 24 h to 43.6% of live births.ConclusionThe results indicate progress in reducing MTCT cases in Brazilian LBS. Disparities in HIV detection rates may be influenced by differences in testing uptake, despite mandatory testing for all babies. It is crucial to continue implementing strategies to reach these women and ensure equitable access to healthcare services for MTCT prevention.
Therapeutic plasma exchange provides native liver survival benefit in children with acute liver failure: A propensity score‐matched analysis
Authors: Biswas Tamoghna , Lal Bikrant Bihari , Sood Vikrant , Ashritha Avalareddy , Maheshwari Ashish , Bajpai Meenu , Kumar Guresh , Khanna Rajeev , Alam Seema 
Published: June 2024

AbstractObjectivesThis study aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) in pediatric acute liver failure (PALF).MethodsAll children aged 2‐18 years with PALF were included. The intervention cohort included a subset of PALF patients undergoing complete three sessions of TPE, whereas the matching controls were derived by propensity score matching from the patient cohort who did not receive any TPE. Propensity matching was performed based on the international normalized ratio (INR), grade of hepatic encephalopathy (HE), age, bilirubin, and ammonia levels. The primary outcome measure was native liver survival (NLS) in the two arms on day 28.ResultsOf the total cohort of 403 patients with PALF, 65 patients who received TPE and 65 propensity‐matched controls were included in analysis. The 2 groups were well balanced with comparable baseline parameters. On day 4, patients in the TPE group had significantly lower INR (P = 0.001), lower bilirubin (P = 0.008), and higher mean arterial pressure (MAP) (P = 0.033) than controls. The NLS was 46.15% in the TPE arm and 26.15% in the control arm. The overall survival (OS) was 50.8% in the TPE arm and 35.4% in the control arm. Kaplan‐Meier survival analysis showed a significantly higher NLS in patients receiving TPE than controls (P = 0.001). On subgroup analysis, NLS benefit was predominantly seen in hepatitis A‐related and indeterminate PALF.ConclusionTPE improved NLS and OS in a propensity‐matched cohort of patients with PALF. Patients receiving TPE had lower INR and bilirubin levels and higher MAP on day 4.
Efficacy and Safety of Oral Semaglutide in the Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes: A Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Zhang Lin , Hua Zixin , Fang Zhenwei , Wei Juanjuan , Lin Yang 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis study aims to systematically review the efficacy and safety of oral semaglutide in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and provide a basis for the rational use of the drug in clinical practice. From the database's inception until February 2023, a systematic search was conducted in PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Database, and China Science and Technology Journal Database to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing the efficacy of oral semaglutide at dosages of 3, 7, and 14 mg (trial group) against placebo or other positive control drugs (control group) for the treatment of T2DM. Following literature screening and data extraction, the bias risk assessment tool in the Cochrane reviewer handbook 5.1.0 was used to evaluate the literature quality. Meta‐analysis was carried out with RevMan 5.4 software. A total of 10 RCTs with 9541 patients were included. The meta‐analysis results revealed that compared with placebo or positive control drugs (empagliflozin, sitagliptin, liraglutide, and dulaglutide), oral semaglutide significantly reduced the hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) in patients (compared to placebo, 3 mg [MD = −0.61%, 95% CI (−0.89, −0.34)], 7 mg [MD = −1.12%, 95% CI (−1.45, −0.79)], 14 mg [MD = −1.08%, 95% CI (−1.32, −0.85)]; compared to positive control drugs (7 mg [MD = −0.26%, 95% CI (−0.38, −0.15)], 14 mg [MD = −0.37%, 95% CI (−0.52, −0.23)]). Oral semaglutide also showed certain advantages over placebo or positive control drugs in terms of weight loss, HbA1c reduction achievement rate, fasting plasma glucose level, and body mass index with overall dose‐dependent efficacy. The incidence of nausea, diarrhea, and vomiting caused by oral semaglutide was higher than that of the placebo or positive control drugs, and the incidence of appetite decrease or constipation was higher than that of the placebo. Severe or symptomatic hypoglycemic episodes were reduced compared to positive control drugs. Oral semaglutide has definite clinical benefits of reducing blood glucose, body weight, reducing the risk of hypoglycemia, and with good safety.
The LTAR Common Experiment at Upper Chesapeake Bay: Integrated
Authors: Soder Kathy J. , Dell Curtis J. , Adler Paul R. , Laboski Carrie A. M. , Williamson Benjamin C. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractCorn (Zea mays) crops harvested as grain in autumn do not provide opportunity for cover crop establishment, which may be remedied by interseeding cover crops into growing corn. Grazing cover crops after corn grain harvest could provide added revenues and increase nutrient cycling in the system while providing additional ecosystem services. However, tradeoffs between cash crop productivity and cover crop inclusion, and use as grazed forage, are not fully understood. This 4‐year Long‐Term Agroecosystem Research Integrated Common Experiment project evaluated the effect of interseeding cereal rye (Secale cereale) into corn for grazing after corn grain harvest on corn grain yield and late‐season grazing. Cereal rye was interseeded into corn in early June. After corn grain harvest, six paddocks at each location were randomly allotted to grazed (GRAZ) or not grazed (NG). The GRAZ paddocks were grazed with beef cattle in late autumn and again in early spring if regrowth allowed. Paddocks were flown with an unmanned aerial system (UAS) to characterize spatial forage yield and quality. Cereal rye provided an additional 20–30 grazing days in the autumn for 24 beef cows on 4.8 ha. Early spring growth shows potential to provide even greater forage yields than autumn, but growth is less dependable. Corn grain yields did not decrease except in 2019 (dry year) when yields were 40% lower. There were no significant differences in soil health indicators between GRAZ and NG paddocks. The UAS shows promise as a tool for monitoring forage yield and quality and optimizing grazing management.
The LTAR Cropland Common Experiment at the Texas Gulf
Authors: Yost Jenifer L. , Smith Douglas R. , Adhikari Kabindra , Arnold Jeffrey G. , Collins Harold P. , Flynn K. Colton , Hajda Chad , Menefee Dorothy , Mohanty Binayak P. , Schantz Merilynn C. , Thorp Kelly R. , White Michael J. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractTexas Gulf is one of the 18 regional sites that is part of the USDA‐ARS Long‐Term Agroecosystem Research (LTAR) network and focuses on cropland and integrated grazing land research in Central Texas, addressing challenges posed by soil characteristics, climate variability, and urbanization. This paper provides brief site descriptions of the two Cropland Common Experiments being conducted in the Texas Gulf LTAR region, emphasizing conservation tillage practices and precision agriculture techniques. The plot‐scale study is located in Temple, TX, at the USDA‐ARS Grassland, Soil and Water Research Laboratory and examines conventional tillage, strip tillage, and no tillage practices. The field‐scale study, located in Riesel, TX, at the USDA‐ARS Riesel Watersheds, assesses the impact of no tillage, cover crops, fertility management, adaptive management, and precision conservation on crop yield, profitability, and environmental footprint. Key measurements include soil and plant analyses, greenhouse gas fluxes, runoff water quantity and quality, and field operations recorded with precision agriculture equipment. Despite challenges posed by urban encroachment, future research aims to incorporate new technologies, such as unmanned ground vehicles, to enhance sustainability and productivity of the agricultural landscape. These experiments provide valuable insights for stakeholders, contributing to the development of sustainable agricultural practices tailored to the unique challenges within the Texas Gulf LTAR region.
Komrower Memorial Lecture 2023. Molecular basis of phenotype expression in homocystinuria: Where are we 30 years later?
Authors: Kožich Viktor , Majtan Tomas 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis review summarises progress in the research of homocystinuria (HCU) in the past three decades. HCU due to cystathionine β‐synthase (CBS) was discovered in 1962, and Prof. Jan Peter Kraus summarised developments in the field in the first‐ever Komrower lecture in 1993. In the past three decades, significant advancements have been achieved in the biology of CBS, including gene organisation, tissue expression, 3D structures, and regulatory mechanisms. Renewed interest in CBS arose in the late 1990s when this enzyme was implicated in biogenesis of H2S. Advancements in genetic and biochemical techniques enabled the identification of several hundreds of pathogenic CBS variants and the misfolding of missense mutations as a common mechanism. Several cellular, invertebrate and murine HCU models allowed us to gain insights into functional and metabolic pathophysiology of the disease. Establishing the E‐HOD consortium and patient networks, HCU Network Australia and HCU Network America, offered new possibilities for acquiring clinical data in registries and data on patients' quality of life. A recent analysis of data from the E‐HOD registry showed that the clinical variability of HCU is broad, extending from severe childhood disease to milder (late) adulthood forms, which typically respond to pyridoxine. Pyridoxine responsiveness appears to be the key factor determining the clinical course of HCU. Increased awareness about HCU played a role in developing novel therapies, such as gene therapy, correction of misfolding by chaperones, removal of methionine from the gut and enzyme therapies that decrease homocysteine or methionine in the circulation.