bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative linkage of novel anti-tumor Pd(II) complex with two bio- macromulecules: fluorescence, UV-Vis, DFT, molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation studies
Authors: Tabatabai Ashraf Sadat Dorafshan , Dehghanian Effat 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

A novel mononuclear palladium complex, [Pd(dach)(SSA)], where dach and SSA are diaminocyclohexane and sulfosalicylic acid ligands, respectively, has been synthesized and identified utilizing analytical and spectral methods. DFT calculations, namely geometry optimization, MEP, HOMO-LUMO and NBO analysis, have been conducted at B3LYP level by aug-ccpVTZ-PP and 6-311G(d,p) basis sets. By employing MTT assay, the cytotoxicity activity of the aforesaid compound was examined on K562 cell line, which revealed a proper activity compared to cisplatin. To ascertain the lipophilicity of the newly made compound, the partition coefficient measurement was accomplished, which follows the order of cisplatin < Pd(II) complex. Next, investigation of binding properties of the studied compound with DNA of calf thymus and BSA were done by spectroscopic (CD, fluorescence emission and electronic adsorption) and non-spectroscopic (viscosity measurements, DNA gel electrophoresis, molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation) methods. Data obtained from UV-Vis studies indicate non–intercalative mutual action. Fluorescence quenching mechanism of the two biomolecules by metal complex is static and the calculated thermodynamic parameters suggests the hydrogen bonding to the DNA and BSA. Further, docking simulation indicated that the studied compound fits into the groove of DNA and the BSA site I. The stability of metal compound-DNA/-BSA in the presence of H2O solvent and over the time were validated via molecular dynamics simulation.
Crash response and occupant injury analysis in vertical drop test of a typical large transport aircraft fuselage section
Authors: Feng zhenyu , Mou Haolei 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

To analyze the crash characteristics of a typical large aircraft fuselage section and occupant injury, a three-frame typical fuselage section was designed and fabricated, which including two sets of triple seats and four 50th-percentile FAA Hybrid III Anthropomorphic Test Devices (ATDs). The vertical drop test of fuselage section was conducted at 6.02m/s, the crash response and occupant injury were analyzed, and the crashworthiness evaluation and analysis of fuselage section were further conducted. The results show that the sub-cabin floor structures suffer the serious deformation and damage, which is the unrolling failure mode (three plastic hinges failure mode), and one opening plastic hinge is generated in the sub-cargo middle support columns area, and two opening plastic hinges are generated in the connection areas between the both sides cabin floor support columns and fuselage frames. The cabin area is remained basically intact, and the survivable volume is maintained. The connections between the seats and cabin floor guide rails are maintained in good condition, and the occupant seat belts are kept in place. The maximum value of head injury criterion and lumbar spine compression load are 31.47 and 3997.2 N, respectively, which are much lower than the threshold of Airworthiness Standard. The ATDs lean towards the aisle, and the occupant egress paths are maintained. The aircraft crashworthiness is evaluated by considering the survivable volume, retention strength, occupant injury and emergency evacuation, and the Integrated Crashworthiness Index (ICI) is used to evaluate the aircraft crashworthiness by the scoring method, which indicating a low occupant injury risk. The flattening failure mode (multiple plastic hinges failure mode) of fuselage section can be realized by controlling the failure load, failure position and failure sequence of fuselage section, and more crash energy can be absorbed by producing multiple plastic hinges of fuselage section, which can effectively improve the crashworthiness of fuselage section.
Commonalities and variations in emotion representation across modalities and brain regions
Authors: Kiyokawa Hiroaki , Hayashi Ryusuke 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Humans express emotions through various communication modalities such as facial expressions and natural language. However, there are still many uncertainties regarding the relationships between multiple emotions expressed through different modalities and their correlations with neural activities in diverse brain regions. First, we calculated the representations of various emotions as multi-dimensional vectors of data from three different modalities (visual, language, and visio-linguistic modalities) and used Representational Similarity Analysis to compare similarities between modalities. Second, we examined the similarity between the emotion representation of each modality and representations derived from brain activities across 360 regions. Third, we investigated the linear transferability of emotion representation from vision to other modalities. Our results revealed: 1) the representational structures of emotions expressed in different modalities share commonalities with modality-specific variations; 2) the emotion representations in different solo modalities showed relatively higher similarity with representations in different partial brain regions, while multi-modal emotion representation was most similar to representations across the entire brain region; and 3) emotion representations can be linearly mapped onto each other. These findings suggest that emotional experiences are represented differently in each brain region with varying degrees of similarity across different modalities, and that they may be cross-modally conveyable through different modalities.
Renal Cell Carcinoma in a Transplanted Kidney: a retrospective evaluation
Authors: Trushkin Ruslan N. , Isaev Teymur K. , Medvedev Pavel E. , Shcheglov Nikolai E. , Variasin Valerii V. , Lysenko Mariana A. , Dmitriev Ilya V. , Balkarov Aslan G. , Kesaeva Laura A. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Introduction
Kidney transplantation is the optimal treatment modality for patients with end-stage chronic kidney disease. The long-term mortality of kidney recipients is 48–82% lower than that of patients on the waiting list. However, the risk of developing malignancies in these patients is twice as high as in the healthy population. Specifically, the incidence of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) in transplant recipients is 10–30 times higher than in non-transplanted patients. The reason for the increased risk is poorly understood, but is most likely related to continuous immunosuppressive therapy. The problem of kidney graft neoplasia has not been adequately addressed in the medical literature.
Objective
To determine the incidence of renal cell carcinoma in transplanted kidneys, enhance the efficacy of its treatment, and study the etiology of RCC development.
Materials and Methods
A retrospective analysis of RCC incidence in kidney grafts was conducted in 3,270 patients who underwent kidney transplantation between 2013 and 2023. We evaluated the effectiveness of surgical interventions for these complications. Patients with histologically confirmed RCC of the transplanted kidney underwent genetic study to determine the etiology of the neoplasm.
Results
The incidence of RCC in transplanted kidneys was found to be 0.95% (n = 31), 28 patients underwent laparoscopic resection of the renal transplant tumor, 2 patients were treated with radiofrequency ablation of the tumor. Transplantectomy was performed in 1 patient.
Conclusion
Laparoscopic resection is an effective and safe method for the treatment of RCC in kidney transplants. Transplanted kidney cancer originates from the donor tissue. The clear cell variant of transplanted kidney cancer is a genetically determined disease.
Effect of Geometrical and Operational Parameters on Performance Dynamics of Modified Rotary Blades: A DEM-Based Investigation
Authors: Nalawade Rohit Dilip , Singh Krishna Pratap , Roul A. K. , Agrawal K. N. , Sonawane Shital , Mahore Aman , Patel Abhishek , Kumar Mohit , Shelake Pramod , salem Ali , Elbeltagi Ahmed 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

The geometric features and operational parameters of rotary blades on rotary tillers significantly impact their performance characteristics. The sweepback angle is a geometric feature of the 'L'-shaped rotary blade that has remained unexplored in previous studies. This study aimed to analyze the effect of geometrical and operational parameters on the performance dynamics of the 'L'-shaped rotary blade. The investigation was conducted using the discrete element method (DEM) and further validated through experiments conducted in a soil bin. The simulation experiment was conducted by dividing the particle bed into horizontal particle zones. The effect of the geometrical (sweepback angle) and operational parameters (forward speed, rotational speed and depth) on the power requirement, disturbance intensity and mixing index was studied. The novel method was adopted to determine the mixing capability of rotary blades in terms of sub-domain mixing index (SMI) and overall mixing index (OMI). The results revealed that the power requirements for a sweepback angle of 18° were 26.39% and 16.50% lower than those for sweepback angles of 6° and 12°, respectively. The sweepback angle tends to have the least effect on the overall mixing index compared to operational parameters. The average particle velocity decreased by 22.19 and 29.60% with sweepback angles of 12 and 18°, respectively, compared to the sweepback angle of 6°. The relative error during the experiment varied between 1.29 and 13.51%. It was concluded that the sweepback angle was found to be a feasible option for reducing the power requirement with the minimum impact on the overall performance.
Deciphering Teixobactin Resistance Mechanisms in Enterococcus faecalis Through Integrated RNA-seq and Hub Genes Identification
Authors: J Deepika , Shetty Aishwarya C , DhanushKumar T , Vasudevan Karthick 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) poses a severe and pressing global health crisis, necessitating urgent innovative approaches to combat drug-resistant bacteria. This study investigates the genetic underpinnings of resistance in Enterococcus faecalis., a Gram-positive bacterium, in response to the novel antibiotic Teixobactin. Leveraging whole transcriptome RNA-seq analysis and sophisticated bioinformatics tools, we have identified ten central hub genes: guaA, guaB, lepA, der, secA, ftsH, obg, nusG, dnaA, and ffh. These genes display significant upregulation and robust interactions within the bacterial genome. Our comprehensive analysis uncovers the involvement of these genes in diverse critical cellular functions associated with antibiotic resistance. These functions encompass purine metabolism, protein export, stress response, transcriptional regulation, and ribosomal activities. These findings provide crucial insights into the intricate molecular mechanisms underpinning Enterococcus faecalis resistance to Teixobactin. Furthermore, potential targets were identified for the development of advanced antibiotics, aligning with the ongoing global efforts against Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR), these identified hub genes offer promising avenues for novel drug discovery, bolstering the ongoing crusade against drug-resistant bacterial infections.
In vivo optimization of the experimental conditions for the non-invasive optical assessment of breast density.
Authors: Serra Nicola , Cubeddu Rinaldo , Maffeis Giulia , Damagatla Vamshi , Pifferi Antonio , Taroni Paola 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

In this study, time domain diffuse optical spectroscopy is performed in the range 600–1100 nm on 11 healthy volunteers with a portable system for the quantitative characterization of breast tissue in terms of optical properties and optically-derived blood parameters, tissue constituent concentrations, and scattering parameters. A measurement protocol involving different geometries (reflectance and transmittance), subject’s positions (sitting and lying down), probing locations (outer, lower, and inner breast quadrants), and source-detector distances (2 and 3 cm) allowed us to investigate the effect of tissue heterogeneity and different measurement configurations on the results with the aim of identifying the best experimental conditions for the estimate of breast density (i.e., amount of fibro-glandular tissue in the breast) as a strong independent risk factor for breast cancer. The higher source-detector distance, which probes deeper tissue, retrieves optical outcomes in agreement with higher average density tissue. Similarly, results on the outer quadrants indicate higher density than internal quadrants. These findings are coherent with breast anatomy since the concentration of dense fibro-glandular stroma is higher in deep tissue and towards the external portion of the breast, where the mammary gland is located. The dataset generated with this laboratory campaign is used to device an optimal measurement protocol for a future clinical trial, where optical results will be correlated with conventional mammographic density, allowing us to identify a subset of wavelengths and measurement configurations for an effective estimate of breast density. The final objective is the design of a simplified, compact and cost-effective optical device for a non-invasive, routine assessment of density-associated breast cancer risk.
Knapsack-Based Approach for Optimizing Resource Management in Edge Computing
Authors: Babaei Behrad , Morshedlou Hossein 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

In the era of rapid internet expansion, Edge Computing has emerged as a critical field in computer science, addressing challenges posed by increasing internet data, bandwidth limitations, and the distance between cloud servers and users. The impact of Edge Computing can be observed in various domains such as IoT networks, 5G cellular networks, healthcare systems, and more. A key focus is the optimal resource management problem within Edge Computing. This problem involves efficiently allocating computational resources from edge and cloud servers to respond to user requests, aiming to minimize reliance on distant cloud servers and bring calculations nearer to the edge for task offloading. This article proposes a knapsack-based approach to optimize resource management in hybrid edge and cloud networks. The Multiple Knapsack Problem (MKP) is employed to model the resource allocation issue, defining servers as knapsacks and tasks as items. The proposed algorithm is defined in two parts: an exact solution for scenarios with a moderate number of servers and tasks, and a greedy solution for situations where the scale is too large for precise calculations within a reasonable time. Application of the proposed algorithm is demonstrated using the ECHOES simulator, designed for testing optimization methods in environments that combine both cloud and edge components. This work focuses on a new approach for offloading tasks to computational resources at edge or cloud.
Diagnostic and therapeutic analysis of three cases of sarcomatoid carcinoma of the esophagus
Authors: Pang Feng , Zhou Chun lai , Zhou Lei 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the clinicopathological features, imaging manifestations, and treatment strategies for esophageal sarcomatoid carcinoma.
Results: All three cases involved male patients with ages ranging from 68 to 74 years, with an average age of 71.0 years. The duration of the disease varied from 20 to 60 days, with an average of 36.7 days. Tumors in all three cases were located in the middle and lower esophagus. CT scans revealed irregular mass shadows and thickened esophageal walls, which exhibited significant enhancement upon enhanced scanning. Barium meal examinations of the upper digestive tract showed two cases of intraluminal type, characterized by localized filling defects in the esophageal lumen with smooth edges and no obvious expansion above the lesion, while one case exhibited a thickening type with a rough and rigid wall, mucosal destruction, interruption, and narrowed lumen. Two cases underwent surgical treatment, with OVER-LAP anastomosis of the esophageal and gastric aortic arch under thoracoscopy. One case received docetaxel chemotherapy. After a 1.5-year follow-up, no tumor recurrence or metastasis was observed.Pathological findings revealed one case of squamous cell carcinoma with an adjacent rough area also exhibiting squamous cell carcinoma in situ, while the other case was diagnosed as adenocarcinoma. Immunohistochemistry showed positivity for epithelial cancer components (CK, EMA, Desmin) and sarcomatoid components (Vimentin, EMA, SMA).
Conclusion: Esophageal sarcomatoid carcinoma is a rare malignant tumor demonstrating bidirectional differentiation of cancer and sarcoma components. Although its early prognosis appears to be more favorable compared to typical esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, long-term prognosis remains uncertain. Surgical intervention constitutes the primary treatment modality, while radiotherapy and chemotherapy may contribute to prolonging patient survival.
A common factor underlying confirmation bias in hypothesis testing tasks
Authors: Berthet Vincent , Teovanović Predrag , de Gardelle Vincent 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

When they are asked to test a given hypothesis, individuals tend to be biased towards confirming evidence. This phenomenon has been documented on different cognitive components: information search, weighing of evidence, and memory recall. However, the interpretation of these observations has been debated, and it remains unclear whether they truly reflect a confirmation bias (as opposed to e.g., a bias towards positive information). In the present study we aimed at evaluating whether these biases might be subtended by a common factor. We adapted three classic experimental paradigms on hypothesis testing (Wason selection task, 2-4-6 task, and interviewee task) and examined the relation between these biases using an individual differences approach. Participants (N = 200) completed a total of nine behavioral tasks, in which each component of confirmation bias was measured in each of the three experimental paradigms. Correlations and factor analyses within a multitrait–multimethod framework indicated greater convergence of bias scores within each component across paradigms, than within experimental paradigms. This suggests that a common factor underlies the different measurements of confirmation bias across experimental paradigms, at least to some extent. In these paradigms, thus, biases towards confirming evidence may truly reflect a confirmation bias.
A causal association study between chronic kidney disease and oral health
Authors: Zhang Guilian , Xu Duojiao , Yu Guoxia 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background
Observational studies have shown that chronic kidney disease can lead to changes in oral health, but the conclusions remain controversial. Thus, we conducted a Mendelian randomization study from the perspective of genetic analysis to assess the causal association between chronic kidney disease and oral health conditions, including dental caries, pulp diseases, periapical tissues, and diseases of the gum and periodontal tissues.
Methods
We performed inverse variance weighted random effects Mendelian randomization analyses and several sensitivity Mendelian randomization analyses using summary statistics from genome-wide association studies of European people.
Results
We found a positive causal relationship between chronic kidney disease and dental caries, and the effect odds ratio of chronic kidney disease on dental caries was 1.368 (95% CI, 1.124-1.664; P = 0.002). There was no direct causal relationship between chronic kidney disease and diseases of the pulp and periapical tissues and diseases of the gum and periodontal tissues, with the effect odds ratio of 1.176 (95% CI, 0.973-1.420; P = 0.094) and 1.201 (95% CI, 0.977-1.477; P = 0.08).
Conclusion
Our findings suggest that chronic kidney disease could affect oral health, but only with a direct causal link to dental caries.
Development of a shear creep damage model of jointed rock masses considering the influence of freeze-thaw and chemical corrosion
Authors: Zhang Fengrui , Jiang Annan , Jiang Haopeng , Guo Xinping , Zheng Fu 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

The freeze-thaw and chemical corrosion has a significant influence on the shear creep characteristics of jointed rock masses. To conduct a more realistic numerical simulation analysis of jointed rock mass engineering in cold regions, this study employed three-dimensional scanning and sculpting techniques to prepare joint surfaces with consistent morphologies in granite samples. Subsequently, shear creep tests were conducted on the jointed rock masses under freeze-thaw and chemical corrosion. Based on test results, the freeze-thaw and chemical corrosion damage variables were defined, a continuous yield joint model was introduced, and a shear creep damage model of jointed rock masses was established. The FISH language was used on the 3DEC platform to implement the secondary development of the model, and the rationality of the model was verified through degradation analysis and test data. Finally, the developed model was used to numerically calculate the creep characteristics of tunnel in cold regions, the research results show that: with freeze-thaw and chemical corrosion increases, the creep deformation and plastic zone of the tunnel gradually increase, and the maximum creep value consistently occurs near the tunnel vault. It is necessary to pay close attention to the deformation and stress of the tunnel vault, and take timely repair measures such as grouting reinforcement to prevent cracking of the local lining support structure. The research results provide an effective computational method for the stability analysis of rock mass engineering in cold regions.
Prevention of Delayed Cerebral Ischemia after Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage – Expert Consensus and Summary of Existing Evidence
Authors: Miller Margaux , Thappa Priya , Bahagat Hemant , Veldman Michael , Rahmani Redi 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

The 2023 International Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Conference identified a need to provide an up-to-date review on prevention methods for delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI) following aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage and highlight areas for future research. A PubMed search was conducted for key factors contributing to development of delayed cerebral ischemia: anesthetics, antithrombotics, CSF diversion, and hemodynamic and endovascular management. Over 100 published articles were analyzed. It was found that there is still a need for prospective studies analyzing the best methods for anesthetics and antithrombotics, though inhaled anesthetics and antiplatelets were found to have some advantages. Lumbar drains should increasingly be considered the first line of CSF diversion when applicable. Finally, maintenance euvolemia before and during vasospasm is recommended as there is no evidence supporting prophylactic spasmolysis or angioplasty. There is accumulating observational evidence, however, that intra-arterial spasmolysis with refractory DCI might be beneficial in patients not responding to induced hypertension.