bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multidimensional influencing factors of postpartum depression based on the perspective of the entire reproductive cycle: evidence from western province of China
Authors: Zhang Yiyun , Liu Xinwei , Liu Mengmei , Li Min , Chen Ping , Yan Guanghong , Ma Qingyan , Li Ye , You Dingyun 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Objective
China has a serious burden of Postpartum depression (PPD). In order to improve the current situation of high burden of PPD, this study explores the factors affecting PPD from the multidimensional perspectives with physiology, family support and social support covering the full-time chain of pre-pregnancy–pregnancy–postpartum.

Methods
A follow-up survey was conducted in the Qujing First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province from 2020 to 2022, and a total of 4838 pregnant women who underwent antenatal checkups in the hospital were enrolled as study subjects. Mothers were assessed for PPD using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS), and logistic regression was used to analyse the level of mothers’ postnatal depression and identify vulnerability characteristics.

Results
The prevalence of mothers’ PPD was 46.05%, with a higher prevalence among those who had poor pre-pregnancy health, had sleep problems during pregnancy, and only had a single female fetus. In the family support dimension, only family care (OR = 0.52, 95% CI 0.42–0.64) and only other people care(OR = 0.78, 95% CI 0.64–0.96) were the protective factors of PPD. The experience risk of PPD was higher among mothers who did not work or use internet.

Conclusion
The PPD level in Yunnan Province was significantly higher than the global and Chinese average levels. Factors affecting mothers’ PPD exist in all time stages throughout pregnancy, and the influence of family support and social support on PPD shouldn’t be ignored. There is an urgent need to extend the time chain of PPD, move its prevention and treatment forward and broaden the dimensions of its intervention.
Effect of current waveform in MIG arc on weld bead formation in plasma-MIG hybrid welding
Authors: Ishida Kazuya , Tashiro Shinichi , Nomura Kazufumi , Wu Dongsheng , Murphy Anthony B. , Yuji Toshifumi , Tanaka Manabu 
Published: May 2024

AbstractPlasma-metal inert gas (MIG) hybrid welding enables to join thick steel plates in single pass. However, arc coupling occurring between the plasma and MIG arcs disturbs its heat source characteristics, lowering the welding quality. This arc coupling phenomenon is not yet understood due to the complexity. This study aims to clarify the effect of current waveform of arc on weld bead formation according to the arc coupling in plasma-MIG hybrid welding. The metal transfer characteristics and bottom side weld pool were observed for direct current (DC) and pulse-MIG current waveforms. In addition, Ni element was used for visualizing the transport process of high-temperature molten metal provided by MIG welding within the weld pool. From these results, the effects of differences in MIG arc current waveforms on heat and mass transport processes within the weld pool and also on weld bead formation on the bottom side through changes in the occurrence of arc coupling were discussed. As a result, it was clarified that the droplets after detachment from the wire were transferred to the weld pool surface under the wire tip for DC MIG current, while those were transferred along the wire axis to the weld pool surface behind the keyhole for pulse-MIG current. When the droplet was transferred to the weld pool region with the forward flow such as the pulse-MIG current case, the heat was transported to the bottom side together with the counter-clockwise eddy behind the keyhole, strongly contributing to increasing the penetration depth. In the case of pulse-MIG current, the plasma arc is oscillated due to the arc coupling. According to this oscillation, the accumulation of molten metal behind the keyhole is prevented to suppress the humping bead formation. Consequently, pulse-MIG current was found to be suitable for increasing the penetration depth and suppressing humping bead formation on the bottom side comparing with DC MIG current.
Bounds of expectations of order statistics for distributions possessing monotone reversed failure rates
Authors: Goroncy Agnieszka , Rychlik Tomasz 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIn the literature, the sharp positive upper mean-variance bounds on the expectations of order statistics based on independent identically distributed random variables with the decreasing and increasing failure rates, have been recently presented. In this paper we determine analogous evaluations in the dual cases when the parent distributions have monotone reversed failure rates.
In vitro assessment of thyroid peroxidase inhibition by chemical exposure: comparison of cell models and detection methods
Authors: Liu Runze , Novák Jiří , Hilscherová Klára 
Published: May 2024

AbstractDisruption of the thyroid hormone (TH) system is connected with diverse adverse health outcomes in wildlife and humans. It is crucial to develop and validate suitable in vitro assays capable of measuring the disruption of the thyroid hormone (TH) system. These assays are also essential to comply with the 3R principles, aiming to replace the ex vivo tests often utilised in the chemical assessment. We compared the two commonly used assays applicable for high throughput screening [Luminol and Amplex UltraRed (AUR)] for the assessment of inhibition of thyroid peroxidase (TPO, a crucial enzyme in TH synthesis) using several cell lines and 21 compounds from different use categories. As the investigated cell lines derived from human and rat thyroid showed low or undetectable TPO expression, we developed a series of novel cell lines overexpressing human TPO protein. The HEK-TPOA7 model was prioritised for further research based on the high and stable TPO gene and protein expression. Notably, the Luminol assay detected significant peroxidase activity and signal inhibition even in Nthy-ori 3-1 and HEK293T cell lines without TPO expression, revealing its lack of specificity. Conversely, the AUR assay was specific to TPO activity. Nevertheless, despite the different specificity, both assays identified similar peroxidation inhibitors. Over half of the tested chemicals with diverse structures and from different use groups caused TPO inhibition, including some widespread environmental contaminants suggesting a potential impact of environmental chemicals on TH synthesis. Furthermore, in silico SeqAPASS analysis confirmed the high similarity of human TPO across mammals and other vertebrate classes, suggesting the applicability of HEK-TPOA7 model findings to other vertebrates.
Multipliers on bi-parameter Haar system Hardy spaces
Authors: Lechner R. , Motakis P. , Müller P. F. X. , Schlumprecht Th. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractLet $$(h_I)$$

(

h
I

)

denote the standard Haar system on [0, 1], indexed by $$I\in \mathcal {D}$$

I
∈
D

, the set of dyadic intervals and $$h_I\otimes h_J$$

h
I

⊗

h
J

denote the tensor product $$(s,t)\mapsto h_I(s) h_J(t)$$

(
s
,
t
)

↦

h
I

(
s
)

h
J

(
t
)

, $$I,J\in \mathcal {D}$$

I
,
J
∈
D

. We consider a class of two-parameter function spaces which are completions of the linear span $$\mathcal {V}(\delta ^2)$$

V
(

δ
2

)

of $$h_I\otimes h_J$$

h
I

⊗

h
J

, $$I,J\in \mathcal {D}$$

I
,
J
∈
D

. This class contains all the spaces of the form X(Y), where X and Y are either the Lebesgue spaces $$L^p[0,1]$$

L
p

[
0
,
1
]

or the Hardy spaces $$H^p[0,1]$$

H
p

[
0
,
1
]

, $$1\le p < \infty $$

1
≤
p
<
∞

. We say that $$D:X(Y)\rightarrow X(Y)$$

D
:
X
(
Y
)
→
X
(
Y
)

is a Haar multiplier if $$D(h_I\otimes h_J) = d_{I,J} h_I\otimes h_J$$

D

(

h
I

⊗

h
J

)

=

d

I
,
J

h
I

⊗

h
J

, where $$d_{I,J}\in \mathbb {R}$$

d

I
,
J

∈
R

, and ask which more elementary operators factor through D. A decisive role is played by the Capon projection$$\mathcal {C}:\mathcal {V}(\delta ^2)\rightarrow \mathcal {V}(\delta ^2)$$

C
:
V

(

δ
2

)

→
V

(

δ
2

)

given by $$\mathcal {C} h_I\otimes h_J = h_I\otimes h_J$$

C

h
I

⊗

h
J

=

h
I

⊗

h
J

if $$|I|\le |J|$$

|
I
|
≤
|
J
|

, and $$\mathcal {C} h_I\otimes h_J = 0$$

C

h
I

⊗

h
J

=
0

if $$|I| > |J|$$

|
I
|
>
|
J
|

, as our main result highlights: Given any bounded Haar multiplier $$D:X(Y)\rightarrow X(Y)$$

D
:
X
(
Y
)
→
X
(
Y
)

, there exist $$\lambda ,\mu \in \mathbb {R}$$

λ
,
μ
∈
R

such that $$\begin{aligned} \lambda \mathcal {C} + \mu ({{\,\textrm{Id}\,}}-\mathcal {C})\text { approximately 1-projectionally factors through }D, \end{aligned}$$

λ
C
+
μ
(

Id

-
C
)

approximately 1-projectionally factors through

D
,

i.e., for all $$\eta > 0$$

η
>
0

, there exist bounded operators A, B so that AB is the identity operator $${{\,\textrm{Id}\,}}$$

Id

, $$\Vert A\Vert \cdot \Vert B\Vert = 1$$

‖
A
‖
·
‖
B
‖
=
1

and $$\Vert \lambda \mathcal {C} + \mu ({{\,\textrm{Id}\,}}-\mathcal {C}) - ADB\Vert < \eta $$

‖
λ
C
+
μ
(

Id

-
C
)
-
A
D
B
‖
<
η

. Additionally, if $$\mathcal {C}$$
C
is unbounded on X(Y), then $$\lambda = \mu $$

λ
=
μ

and then $${{\,\textrm{Id}\,}}$$

Id

either factors through D or $${{\,\textrm{Id}\,}}-D$$

Id

-
D

.
Unitary Anchored Planar Algebras
Authors: Henriques André , Penneys David , Tener James 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIn our previous article (http://arxiv.org/abs/1607.06041), we established an equivalence between pointed pivotal module tensor categories and anchored planar algebras. This article introduces the notion of unitarity for both module tensor categories and anchored planar algebras, and establishes the unitary analog of the above equivalence. Our constructions use Baez’s 2-Hilbert spaces (i.e., semisimple $$\textrm{C}^*$$

C
∗

-categories equipped with unitary traces), the unitary Yoneda embedding, and the notion of unitary adjunction for dagger functors between 2-Hilbert spaces.
Managing complexity with chimerism: ALT-AMT flaps for complex head and neck reconstruction
Authors: Jaiswal Dushyant , Shrotriya Raghav , Kumar Vineet , Bindu Ameya , Mantri Mayur , Mathews Saumya , Shankhdhar Vinay kant , Yadav Prabha 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background
Head and neck cancer is the most common cancer in males and fifth most common in females in India. Inadequate screening programs and non-availability of local healthcare resources leads to late diagnosis and most cases present at an advanced stage. Surgical extirpation often results in complex, large defects. The concept of chimerism is useful in dealing with such extensive defects.

Methods
Between July 2013 and May 2017, all patients who underwent primary reconstruction of head and neck defects following cancer extirpative surgery, with ALT-AMT chimera flap at a tertiary care cancer centre were included in this study. The patient data of age, sex, etiology, defect size, flap size, perforator configuration, anastomotic details, donor site closure, and complications was retrospectively collected as per the designated proforma from the hospital electronic record, departmental case record forms and the first author’s personal logs, and analyzed.

Results
Chimeric flaps based on the lateral circumflex femoral artery i.e. ALT plus AMT provide the desired qualities to address the complex defects. All thirteen patients had a large intraoral mucosal defect. Nine cases had a large extra oral skin defect. The average size of ALT was (112.5 cm2 area) and of AMT was (94.9 cm2 area). The combined area of ALT AMT was 28.5 X 9 = 256.5 cm2. All AMT pedicles were joining the ALT pedicle. 1 AMT was lost and all donor sites needed skin grafting.

Conclusion
Chimeric ALT + AMT is a valuable option when complex, large, multidimensional and multicomponent defects need to be reconstructed. The advantage of utilising a single donor site and two independent flaps with a single microvascular anastomosis.

Level of Evidence: Level IV, therapeutic study
Predicting the Emergence of Localised Dihedral Patterns in Models for Dryland Vegetation
Authors: Hill Dan J. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractLocalised patterns are often observed in models for dryland vegetation, both as peaks of vegetation in a desert state and as gaps within a vegetated state, known as ‘fairy circles’. Recent results from radial spatial dynamics show that approximations of localised patterns with dihedral symmetry emerge from a Turing instability in general reaction–diffusion systems, which we apply to several vegetation models. We present a systematic guide for finding such patterns in a given reaction–diffusion model, during which we obtain four key quantities that allow us to predict the qualitative properties of our solutions with minimal analysis. We consider four well-established vegetation models and compute their key predictive quantities, observing that models which possess similar values exhibit qualitatively similar localised patterns; we then complement our results with numerical simulations of various localised states in each model. Here, localised vegetation patches emerge generically from Turing instabilities and act as transient states between uniform and patterned environments, displaying complex dynamics as they evolve over time.
Abrupt increase in Greenland melt enhanced by atmospheric wave changes
Authors: Graversen Rune Grand , Heiskanen Tuomas , Bintanja Richard , Goelzer Heiko 
Published: May 2024

AbstractRecent Greenland ice-sheet melt constitutes a considerable contribution to global sea-level rise. Observations indicate an approximate zero mass balance of the ice sheet until the late 1990s, after which a strong increase in melting occurred. This cannot be attributed linearly to gradually-increasing global warming. Instead the abrupt shift has been linked to atmospheric circulation changes, although causality is not fully understood. Here we show that changes of atmospheric waves over Greenland have significantly contributed to the shift into a strong melting state. This is evident after having applied a newly-developed methodology effectively decomposing atmospheric flow patterns into parts associated with waves of different scales such as Rossby waves and smaller perturbations. The onset of a westerly-flow reduction, consistent with anthropogenic Arctic warming, affected transports by atmospheric waves and led to a decrease in precipitation and an increase in surface warming, contributing to ice-sheet mass loss, in particular over the southwestern regions. As such, the Greenland ice-sheet melt is an example of a climate response non-linearly coupled to global warming.
Machine learning–based response assessment in patients with rectal cancer after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy: radiomics analysis for assessing tumor regression grade using T2-weighted magnetic resonance images
Authors: Lee Yong Dae , Kim Hyug-Gi , Seo Miri , Moon Sung Kyoung , Park Seong Jin , You Myung-Won 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Purpose
This study aimed to assess tumor regression grade (TRG) in patients with rectal cancer after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (NCRT) through a machine learning–based radiomics analysis using baseline T2-weighted magnetic resonance (MR) images.

Materials and methods
In total, 148 patients with locally advanced rectal cancer(T2-4 or N+) who underwent MR imaging at baseline and after chemoradiotherapy between January 2010 and May 2021 were included. A region of interest for each tumor mass was drawn by a radiologist on oblique axial T2-weighted images, and main features were selected using principal component analysis after dimension reduction among 116 radiomics and three clinical features. Among eight learning models that were used for prediction model development, the model showing best performance was selected. Treatment responses were classified as either good or poor based on the MR-assessed TRG (mrTRG) and pathologic TRG (pTRG). The model performance was assessed using the area under the receiver operating curve (AUROC) to classify the response group.

Results
Approximately 49% of the patients were in the good response (GR) group based on mrTRG (73/148) and 26.9% based on pTRG (28/104). The AUCs of clinical data, radiomics models, and combined radiomics with clinical data model for predicting mrTRG were 0.80 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.73, 0.87), 0.74 (95% CI 0.66, 0.81), and 0.75(95% CI 0.68, 0.82), and those for predicting pTRG was 0.62 (95% CI 0.52, 0.71), 0.74 (95% CI 0.65, 0.82), and 0.79 (95% CI 0.71, 0.87).

Conclusion
Radiomics combined with clinical data model using baseline T2-weighted MR images demonstrated feasible diagnostic performance in predicting both MR-assessed and pathologic treatment response in patients with rectal cancer after NCRT.
Vasodilator reactive oxygen species ameliorate perturbed myocardial oxygen delivery in exercising swine with multiple comorbidities
Authors: van Drie R. W. A. , van de Wouw J. , Zandbergen L. M. , Dehairs J. , Swinnen J. V. , Mulder M. T. , Verhaar M. C. , MaassenVanDenBrink A. , Duncker D. J. , Sorop O. , Merkus D. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractMultiple common cardiovascular comorbidities produce coronary microvascular dysfunction. We previously observed in swine that a combination of diabetes mellitus (DM), high fat diet (HFD) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) induced systemic inflammation, increased oxidative stress and produced coronary endothelial dysfunction, altering control of coronary microvascular tone via loss of NO bioavailability, which was associated with an increase in circulating endothelin (ET). In the present study, we tested the hypotheses that (1) ROS scavenging and (2) ETA+B-receptor blockade improve myocardial oxygen delivery in the same female swine model. Healthy female swine on normal pig chow served as controls (Normal). Five months after induction of DM (streptozotocin, 3 × 50 mg kg−1 i.v.), hypercholesterolemia (HFD) and CKD (renal embolization), swine were chronically instrumented and studied at rest and during exercise. Sustained hyperglycemia, hypercholesterolemia and renal dysfunction were accompanied by systemic inflammation and oxidative stress. In vivo ROS scavenging (TEMPOL + MPG) reduced myocardial oxygen delivery in DM + HFD + CKD swine, suggestive of a vasodilator influence of endogenous ROS, while it had no effect in Normal swine. In vitro wire myography revealed a vasodilator role for hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in isolated small coronary artery segments from DM + HFD + CKD, but not Normal swine. Increased catalase activity and ceramide production in left ventricular myocardial tissue of DM + HFD + CKD swine further suggest that increased H2O2 acts as vasodilator ROS in the coronary microvasculature. Despite elevated ET-1 plasma levels in DM + HFD + CKD swine, ETA+B blockade did not affect myocardial oxygen delivery in Normal or DM + HFD + CKD swine. In conclusion, loss of NO bioavailability due to 5 months exposure to multiple comorbidities is partially compensated by increased H2O2-mediated coronary vasodilation.
Arthroscopic and open reconstruction of the posterolateral corner of the knee have equally good clinical results: first results of a prospective 12-month follow-up study
Authors: Fahlbusch H , Weiß S , Landenberger J , von Rehlingen Prinz F , Dust T , Akoto R , Krause M , Frosch Karl-Heinz 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Arthroscopic reconstruction techniques for higher-grade posterolateral corner (PLC) injuries (Fanelli Type B, PoLIS LI-B) have not yet been validated in clinical studies. The open reconstruction technique described by Arciero is well-established and showed good restoration of joint stability in previous studies. This study aimed to compare clinical outcomes of this established open surgery technique to a newly developed arthroscopic technique in a prospective randomized clinical trial.

Methods
Between 2019 and 2021, this study focused on chronic high-grade PLC injuries (Fanelli Type B, PoLIS LI-B). Group A consisted of patients treated with conventional open surgery following Arciero’s technique, while Group B included patients treated with Arciero’s arthroscopic technique. All cases underwent additional PCL reconstruction. After a minimum 12-month follow-up, clinical scores and objective stability assessments were compared between the groups.

Results
In total, 26 (group A 12, group B 14) eligible patients with a mean follow-up of 14.9 ± 7.2 months were evaluated in the present study. Knee stability and patient-reported outcome scores (PROMS) were significantly improved when comparing pre- and post-operative values (p < 0.0001). No clinically relevant differences in PROMS (Lysholm: A 83.9 ± 11.4 vs. B 85.3 ± 13.8; IKDC: A 76.91 ± 12.6 vs. B 76.8 ± 15.7) were shown in both groups. Additionally, no statistically significant differences were detected between groups with respect to external rotation, range of motion and instrumental stability testing. Arthroscopic reconstruction showed significantly shorter operation time (p = 0.0109). There were no clinical failures or neurovascular complications of the surgical procedures.

Conclusion
Both surgical techniques for isolated chronic PLC Fanelli Type B injuries significantly improved the knee stability, were equivalent with respect to PROMs and led to good clinical results. However, arthroscopic PLC reconstruction was associated with a shorter surgery time compared to open PLC reconstruction. Therefore, arthroscopic PLC reconstruction may be a viable option in the hands of an experienced surgeon.

Level of evidence
Prospective cohort study, II.
Brown tumors: Retrospective analysis of 26 cases
Authors: Karaca Mustafa Onur , Özyıldıran Mustafa , Savran Merve Dursun , Başarır Kerem , Yıldız Hüseyin Yusuf 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Introduction
Brown tumors are reactive osteolytic lesions caused by hyperparathyroidism. These rare lesions are non-neoplastic processes that result from bone resorption. The purpose of this study was to retrospectively review a 34-year experience with brown tumors in our institution.

Materials and methods
We retrospectively analyzed the records of 26 consecutive patients with brown tumor who were treated in our institution between May 1988 and October 2020, with a mean follow-up of 36,1 months.

Results
17 male (65,4%) and 9 female (34,6%) patients with a mean age of 41,6 were included in the study. Localized bone pain was present in 13 cases (50,0%) as the first presenting symptom. 3 patients (11,5%) presented with diffuse bone pain. 7 patients (26,9%) were diagnosed with brown tumor while being investigated for pathological fractures. The other 3 patients (11,5%) were diagnosed while being evaluated for hypercalcemia symptoms. 7 patients (26,9%) had solitary lesions, while 19 patients (73,1%) had multiple lesions. Pelvis, femur, ribs, tibia, proximal humerus and mandible were the most common sites of localization. 23 patients (88,5%) were diagnosed with primary hyperparathyroidism, while the other 3 patients (11,5%) had secondary hyperparathyroidism. A total of the 65 lesions, 23 (35.4%) underwent orthopedic surgery, and 42 (64.6%) were followed up conservatively after parathyroidectomy. Orthopedic surgery was performed in 21 of 26 patients, the other 5 cases were followed up conservatively. Intralesional curettage was performed in 19 cases (82,6%). The resulting cavity was filled with bone cement in 11 cases (47,8%). Bone grafting was applied in 8 cases (34,8%). No recurrence was observed in any of the patients.

Conclusion
The diagnosis of brown tumor begins with clinical suspicion. Endocrinology and general surgery consultation is important before surgery. Treatment of brown tumors requires a multidisciplinary approach.