bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
VARIATIONS IN THE LIFE CYCLE OF THE LODGEPOLE TERMINAL WEEVIL, PISSODES TERMINALIS HOPPING (COLEOPTERA: CURCULIONIDAE), IN CALIFORNIA,
Authors: Cameron E. Alan , Stark R.W. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractThe lodgepole terminal weevil, Pissodes terminalis Hopping (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), is widely distributed in western North America on three races of lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta Dougl.), as well as jack pine (P. banksiana Lamb.), Bishop pine (P. muricata D. Don.), and Monterey pine (P. radiata D. Don.).Three types of life cycle, one with three subtypes, are identified. In the univoltine type 1 cycle, adults emerge from attacked leaders in the fall, overwinter probably in the ground, and re-emerge in the spring to lay eggs in elongating leaders. Larval and pupal development is completed by early fall. The univoltine type 2 life cycle is similar, except that overwintering takes place in leaders; fourth-instar larvae overwinter in type 2A, pupae in type 2B, and adults in type 2C. The type 3 life cycle takes 2 years to complete, with the first winter being passed as a third-instar larva in the leader and the second as an adult, probably in the ground. The type 1 life cycle is most common at altitudes < 2000 m and the type 3 life cycle at altitudes over ca. 2500 m; all types may be found at altitudes of 2000–2500 m.
ECONOMIC INJURY LEVELS AND ECONOMIC THRESHOLDS FOR THE GREEN APPLE BUG, LYGOCORIS COMMUNIS (KNIGHT) (HEMIPTERA: MIRIDAE), IN QUEBEC APPLE ORCHARDS
Authors: Michaud O. , Stewart R.K. , Boivin Guy 
Published: November 2009

AbstractEconomic injury levels and economic thresholds for nymphs of Lygocoris communis (Knight) were defined in apple orchards, using the beating technique. These were determined with 1987 apple market value and chemical control costs. Economic thresholds were established, assuming a 24-h period required for control implementation. Highly significant relationships were found between the damage at harvest and the captures of young nymphs of L. communis. The economic injury levels ranged from 0.4 to 5.8 young nymphs per sample unit depending on the sample unit and insecticide used.
EFFICACY OF MIXTURES OF MICROBIAL INSECTICIDES AND PERMETHRIN AGAINST THE CABBAGE LOOPER (LEPIDOPTERA: NOCTUIDAE) AND THE IMPORTED CABBAGEWORM (LEPIDOPTERA: PIERIDAE)
Authors: Jaques Robert P. , Laing Daniel R. , Maw H. Eric L. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractThe joint action of permethrin and Bacillus thuringiensis var. kurstaki Berliner (B.t.), Autographa californica (Speyer) nuclear polyhedrosis virus (ACNPV), or Artogeia (= Pieris) rapae (L.) granulosis virus (ARGV) fed as mixtures to larvae of Trichoplusia ni (Hübner) or A. rapae in laboratory bioassys differed with the host insect, the components, and the concentrations of the components. Permethrin interfered with the activity of ACNPV and ARGV in most of the mixtures, particularly at low concentrations of the latter virus but mortality by mixtures of mid-range (approximately LC50 if fed alone) concentrations of permethrin and of ACNPV exceeded the mortality expected by the components acting independently. Concentrations of permethrin in the middle of the dosage range enhanced the effect of B.t. against T. ni resulting in mortality that exceeded the expected mortality but mortality of A. rapae larvae fed most permethrin–B.t. mixtures was less than expected.
NEW ASSOCIATIONS IN BIOLOGICAL CONTROL: THEORY AND PRACTICE
Authors: Hokkanen Heikki M.T. , Pimentel David 
Published: November 2009

AbstractThe new association approach for selecting biological control agents has been reanalyzed in the light of recent data. The results support the conclusion that the new association approach is ecologically and statistically sound. One of the major advantages of this approach is its capacity to control native pests, which make up 60–80% of all pests. The specificity of biocontrol agents newly associated with the target hosts is similar to other biocontrol agents. In addition, the new association approach is as safe as the old association approach in terms of environmental risks. Recent trials in the use of new associations have been most encouraging, and suggest that this approach should contribute to the future success of biological pest control worldwide.
DIAPAUSE STATUS OF THE OVERWINTERING GENERATION OF THE CARROT RUST FLY, PSILA ROSAE (FAB.) (DIPTERA: PSILIDAE), IN ONTARIO
Authors: Stevenson A.B. , Barszcz E.S. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractThe incidence of diapause in pupae of the second (overwintering) generation of the carrot rust fly, Psila rosae (Fab.), at the Holland Marsh, Ont., was determined at intervals during fall and spring of 1982–1983, 1984–1985, and 1985–1986, by placing pupae collected from carrot plantings at developmental temperatures in the laboratory. The percentage of samples in diapause increased with time of sampling from late September on, until 100% of the pupae collected in late November or early December were in diapause. The percentage in diapause of pupae overwintering in the ground of an insectary at Jordan Station, Ont., decreased from January onward until, by early April, diapause was virtually absent. In spring collections from the Holland Marsh, some evidence of diapause was detected in the earliest samples, indicating that diapause is a factor that should be considered when degree-day models are being developed for the carrot rust fly.
NORTH AMERICAN WATER MITES OF THE FAMILY MOMONIIDAE VIETS (ACARI: ARRENUROIDEA). II. REVISION OF SPECIES OF MOMONIA HALBERT, 1906
Authors: Smith Ian M. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractThe North American species of Momonia Halbert, 1906, are revised. Larvae, deutonymphs, and adults of Momonia campylotibia sp.nov. are described, adults of Momonia marciae Habeeb and Momonia projecta Cook are redescribed, and deutonymphs of M. projecta are described for the first time. New morphological, life history, and distributional data are presented for all species. A new diagnosis of Momonia is proposed, and a key to adults of all known species of the genus is included.
NORTH AMERICAN WATER MITES OF THE FAMILY MOMONIIDAE VIETS (ACARI: ARRENUROIDEA). III. REVISION OF SPECIES OF STYGOMOMONIA SZALAY, 1943, SUBGENUS ALLOMOMONIA COOK, 1968
Authors: Smith Ian M. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractMorphological, life history, and distributional data are presented for North American species of the subgenus Allomomonia Cook, 1968. Adults of Stygomomonia (Allomomonia) moodyi Mitchell are redescribed, and deutonymphs and adults of four new species, S. (A.) pacifica, S. (A.) mendocinoensis, S. (A.) mitchelli, and S. (A.) atnarkicola, are described for the first time. Larvae tentatively identified as S. (A.) mitchelli are also described, and host associations of these, and larvae that appear to belong to other species of Stygomomonia, are presented and discussed. New distributional data are presented for all species. A new diagnosis of Allomomonia is proposed, two new species groups, the moodyi and mitchelli groups, are proposed and diagnosed, and a key to adults of North American species of the subgenus is included.
Organocatalytic Asymmetric Synthesis of Protected α,β‐Diamino Acids
Authors: Shi Zugui , Yu Peiyuan , Chua Pei Juan , Zhong Guofu 
Published: November 2009

AbstractIn the presence of the readily available quinine‐derived catalyst 4d, highly diastereo‐ and enantioselective Mannich reactions of tosyl‐protected imines and α‐isothiocyanato imides proceeded to afford the protected α,β‐diamino acids, useful building blocks for natural products and biologically active compounds, in good to excellent yields.
Effect of pH on molecular constitution and distribution of hemoglobin in living erythrocyte
Authors: Wu Yue , Huang Yao‐Xiong , Kang Li‐Li , Wu Zheng‐Jie , Luo Man 
Published: November 2009

AbstractThe molecular constitution of in situ hemoglobin (Hb) and their distribution in living erythrocyte were investigated versus pH using the technique of confocal Raman microscopy. Both Raman point spectra and line mapping measurements were performed on living erythrocytes in suspensions with pH values from 4.82 to 9.70. It was found that the Hb inside a living erythrocyte would dissociate into monomer/dimer when the cells are in low and high pH environments. In contrast to the homogeneous distribution of the Hbs in the cells in neutral suspension, there are more Hbs distributing around the cell membrane or binding to the membrane as pH increases. While in low pH, as the cell become spherical, most of the Hbs distribute to the central part of the cell. In summary, our investigation suggests that the variation of the external pH not only brings changes in the morphology and membrane structure of an erythrocyte, but also affects the constitution and distribution of its intracellular Hbs, thereby the flexibility of the cell membrane and the oxygenation ability of the Hb. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Biopolymers 93: 348–354, 2010.This article was originally published online as an accepted preprint. The “Published Online” date corresponds to the preprint version. You can request a copy of the preprint by emailing the Biopolymers editorial office at biopolymers@wiley.com
Correlation Between Increased Urinary Sodium Excretion and Decreased Left Ventricular Diastolic Function in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Kagiyama Shuntaro , Koga Tokushi , Kaseda Shigeru , Ishihara Shiro , Kawazoe Nobuyuki , Sadoshima Seizo , Matsumura Kiyoshi , Takata Yutaka , Tsuchihashi Takuya , Iida Mitsuo 
Published: November 2009

AbstractBackgroundIncreased salt intake may induce hypertension, lead to cardiac hypertrophy, and exacerbate heart failure. When elderly patients develop heart failure, diastolic dysfunction is often observed, although the ejection fraction has decreased. Diabetes mellitus (DM) is an established risk factor for heart failure. However, little is known about the relationship between cardiac function and urinary sodium excretion (U‐Na) in patients with DM.MethodsWe measured 24‐hour U‐Na; cardiac function was evaluated directly during coronary catheterization in type 2 DM (n = 46) or non‐DM (n = 55) patients with preserved cardiac systolic function (ejection fraction ≥ 60%). Cardiac diastolic and systolic function was evaluated as − dp/dt and + dp/dt, respectively.ResultsThe average of U‐Na was 166.6 ± 61.2 mEq/24 hour (mean ± SD). In all patients, stepwise multivariate regression analysis revealed that − dp/dt had a negative correlation with serum B‐type natriuretic peptide (BNP; β = − 0.23, P = .021) and U‐Na (β = − 0.24, P = .013). On the other hand, + dp/dt negatively correlated with BNP (β = − 0.30, P < .001), but did not relate to U‐Na. In the DM‐patients, stepwise multivariate regression analysis showed that − dp/dt still had a negative correlation with U‐Na (β = − 0.33, P = .025).ConclusionThe results indicated that increased urinary sodium excretion is associated with an impairment of cardiac diastolic function, especially in patients with DM, suggesting that a reduction of salt intake may improve cardiac diastolic function. Copyright © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Liquid Crystallinity and Supramolecular Organization of Regioisomeric Isatin Derivatives: An Experimental and Theoretical Study
Authors: Blunk Dirk , Porada Jan H. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractSpatially organized chromophores can be beneficial for advanced applications like for example, organic solar cells, laser technology or non‐linear optic devices as well as supramolecular photochemistry. Of particular interest are non‐static ordered forms of molecular organization as for example, liquid crystals. With this in mind we synthesised four new regioisomeric isatin derivatives by Suzuki–Miyaura coupling of 4‐dodecyloxyphenylboronic acid with all four possible regioisomers of bromoisatin. Liquid crystalline properties are found for 5‐(4‐dodecyloxyphenyl)isatin, while the other regioisomers do not display a mesomorphic behaviour. The synthesis, physicochemical investigations including polarization microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry and X‐ray investigations are discussed and accompanied with density functional theory calculations with respect to the target molecules and their possible H‐bonded aggregates. Two distinct setups of supramolecular assemblies for such isatin derivatives are discussed and a model for the mesophase is proposed.
Low temperature synthesis of thiol‐functionalized CdTe nanoclusters with different tellurium contents
Authors: Sathyamoorthy R. , Sudhagar P. , Kumar R. Saravana , Sathyadevan T. M. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractIn recent years thiol‐functionalized cadmium telluride nanoparticles act as a core layers for obtaining high photovoltaic efficiency in conjugated polymer/inorganic nanocrystal solar cells and also provide easy tuning of quantum size effect by varying thiol groups and processing temperature. In this work, thiol functionalized CdTe nanoclusters were prepared for different tellurium concentrations at low temperature and its impact has been discussed. Structural parameters estimated by X‐ray diffraction revealed hexagonal phases at lower tellurium concentration and cubic phase at higher tellurium concentrations. Surface morphology of the samples analyzed by transmission electron microscopy, exhibited cluster type of morphology. Optical band gap energy estimated by diffused electron microscopy showed an increase with Te content and band edge emission has been observed in the photoluminescence spectra of CdTe nanoclusters around 620 nm. (© 2010 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Influence of essential and non‐essential amino acids on calcium oxalate crystallization
Authors: Sargut S. T. , Sayan P. , Kıran B. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractThe investigation on the mechanism of nucleation and growth of crystals at organic‐inorganic interfaces is crucial for understanding biological and physiological calcification processes such as the formation of urinary stones. The effects of five different amino acids on the crystallization of calcium oxalate have been investigated at pH 4.5 and 37 °C in aqueous solutions in the batch type crystallizer. The products were characterized by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Fourier Transfer Infrared Spectroscopy (FT/IR) and X‐Ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. Crystal size distribution (CSD) and filtration rate measurements were done. In order to determine the adsorption characteristics of amino acids on the calcium oxalate crystal surfaces, zeta potential measurements were also done and discussed. The results indicate that in the presence of all investigated amino acids, calcium oxalate monohydrate (COM) crystals were preferentially produced, but the crystal morphology varied with amino acid types and concentrations. Various crystal morphologies such as elongated hexagonal, coffin or platy habits were observed. In the presence of all investigated amino acids, the calcium oxalate crystallized in a monohydrate form. Electrostatic/ionic interaction, different adsorption properties and special functional effects of amino acids led to find different crystal morphology. (© 2010 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Polyallylammonium Ferrocyanide Films for Trace Water Detection in Halogenated Solvents
Authors: Liang Jie , Elliot Matthew C. , Cammarata Vince 
Published: November 2009

AbstractPolyallylammonium films with electrostatically bound ferrocyanide were formed by electrochemically reducing ferricyanide ions in the presence of polyallylammonium chloride. These films could be deposited onto the surfaces of Pt, Au or SnO2 electrodes. In anhydrous organic electrolyte solutions, these films are electroinactive but become electroactive after the addition of trace water. For concentrations of water from 0.0 to 0.12% in chlorinated solvents, the electroactivity is linear with water concentration. The linearity between concentration of water and electroactivity can be exploited to develop a subsaturation trace water sensor.
Effect of Platinum and Ruthenium Incorporation on Voltammetric Behavior of Nitrogen Doped Diamond‐Like Carbon Thin Films
Authors: Khun N. W. , Liu E. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractNitrogen doped diamond‐like carbon thin films with or without platinum and ruthenium incorporation (N‐DLC or PtRuN‐DLC) were deposited on highly conductive p‐Si substrates by DC magnetron sputtering to study the effect of Pt and Ru doping on the voltammetric performance of the N‐DLC films. The potential windows of these film electrodes were measured in different electrolytic solutions, such as H2SO4, HCl and KCl. The cyclic voltammograms obtained from the N‐DLC film electrodes in these solutions showed wide potential windows while the introduction of Pt and Ru into the film electrodes apparently narrowed down the potential windows due to their catalytic activities.
Electrochemical Sensing of Thiocyanate Using Gold Electrodes Modified with an Underpotentially Deposited Silver Monolayer
Authors: Bristow Christopher A. , Michalitsch Richard , Laibinis Paul E. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractGold electrodes modified by underpotential deposition to expose a layer of silver atoms on their surfaces were used to measure thiocyanate concentrations in aqueous solutions. When exposed to thiocyanate, the ion adsorbs onto the modified electrode and causes changes in the electrochemical properties of the silver adlayer. Coulometric measurement of the fraction of the silver adlayer that remains in its original state provides a means for determining thiocyanate concentrations. The adsorption of thiocyanate onto the electrode follows a first‐order process with a rate constant of ca. 440 L/mol s that defines its concentration/time response.
Remarkable Electrochemical Responses of Ferrocene/NaY Zeolite Composite modified Electrode Based on Hydrophobic Ionic Liquid
Authors: Dong Junping , Jin Chengli , Xu Jiaqiang , Yan Hao 
Published: November 2009

AbstractThe ferrocene/NaY zeolite composites (Fc/NaY) are introduced on the surface of a glassy carbon electrode together with the hydrophobic ionic liquid 1‐butyl‐3‐methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate (BMIMPF6). The modified electrode thus constructed exhibits a pair of reversible redox peaks corresponding to ferrocene. Additionally the peak separation remains almost constant (58–75 mV) and the value of the ratio ipa/ipc is close to 1 for scan rates in the range from 10 to 1000 mV s−1. The effects of the scan rate, aqueous supporting electrolytes, hydrophobic ionic liquid and the contents of ferrocene encapsulated by electrochemistry are investigated. The extrazeolite electron transfer process is discussed. Furthermore, the Fc/NaY/IL‐modified electrode shows good mediation towards oxidation of ascorbic acid, dopamine, hydroquinone, and catechol.
Work sampling: Methodological advances and new applications
Authors: Robinson Mark A. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractThis article introduces an effective job analysis method for examining how people spend their working time, that is, the tasks they perform, the time each accounts for, and how they perceive these. Based on the principles of work sampling, it addresses several disadvantages of existing techniques. Self‐report data are collected using mini portable computers (personal digital assistants; PDAs), the efficiency of which enables a more comprehensive approach to be adopted. A key feature of the method is the use of multilevel categories to examine work tasks from multiple perspectives, simultaneously, in a detailed manner. The article describes the development of the method, illustrates its procedures and analyses using sample research data, and evaluates its use as an organizational research tool. Furthermore, it provides detailed and accessible descriptions of the numerous methodological and technical procedures common to all work sampling approaches, and discusses the various associated issues. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Intravital microscopy evaluation of angiogenesis and its effects on glucose sensor performance
Authors: Koschwanez H. E. , Reichert W. M. , Klitzman B. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractAn optical window model for the rodent dorsum was used to perform chronic and quantitative intravital microscopy and laser Doppler flowmetry of microvascular networks adjacent to functional and non‐functional glucose sensors. The one‐sided configuration afforded direct, real‐time observation of the tissue response to bare (unmodified, smooth surface) sensors and sensors coated with porous poly‐L‐lactic acid (PLLA). Microvessel length density and red blood cell flux (blood perfusion) within 1 mm of the sensors were measured bi‐weekly over 2 weeks. When non‐functional sensors were fully implanted beneath the windows, the porous coated sensors had two‐fold more vasculature and significantly higher blood perfusion than bare sensors on Day 14. When functional sensors were implanted percutaneously, as in clinical use, no differences in baseline current, neovascularization, or tissue perfusion were observed between bare and porous coated sensors. However, percutaneously implanted bare sensors had two‐fold more vascularity than fully implanted bare sensors by Day 14, indicating the other factors, such as micromotion, might be stimulating angiogenesis. Despite increased angiogenesis adjacent to percutaneous sensors, modest sensor current attenuation occurred over 14 days, suggesting that factors other than angiogenesis may play a dominant role in determining sensor function. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 2010
Surface modification of PCL‐TCP scaffolds in rabbit calvaria defects: Evaluation of scaffold degradation profile, biomechanical properties and bone healing patterns
Authors: Yeo Alvin , Wong Wah Jie , Teoh Swee‐Hin 
Published: November 2009

AbstractTraditionally, polycaprolactone (PCL) based scaffolds tend to degrade at a slow rate. Pretreatment of polycaprolactone‐20% tricalcium phosphate (PCL‐TCP) scaffolds under alkaline conditions can be utilized to increase the degradation rate and improve mechanical properties. Three groups of PCL‐TCP scaffolds with varying pretreatment exposures with sodium hydroxide (NaOH) were studied in a rabbit calvaria defect model and analyzed at 2, 4, 8, 12, and 24 weeks. (Group A: Untreated, Group B: 3 M NaOH/ 48 h and Group C: 3 M NaOH/96 h). Micro‐CT analysis demonstrated that scaffolds with increased surface roughness (Groups B and C) showed a greater impact on the overall volume loss during the early healing period between 2 and 8 weeks as compared to the untreated group. In addition, greater bone formation was detected in NaOH treated scaffolds as compared to the untreated group throughout the experiment. Scaffolds with increased surface roughness generally reported higher push out test and compressive strength values from 4 to 8 weeks of early healing. Interestingly, the mechanical properties displayed a decline in values from 12 weeks onwards in the modified groups suggesting a favorable breakdown or weakening of PCL‐TCP scaffolds tailored for replacement by new bone formation. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 2010