bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Semi‐Supervised Transformer Survival Prediction Model for Lung Cancer
Authors: Teng Jing , Yang Lan , Wang Shan , Yu Jing 
Published: February 2025

AbstractAnalyzing survival rates for lung cancer presently grapples with two significant hurdles. Insufficient available data is the first one, which is exacerbated by a large amount of censored information, thereby obstructing the effective employment of this data for accurate predictions. Second, lung cancer patient survival data often exhibit complex temporal feature associations, suggesting patient‐specific traits on survival outcomes. To address these issues, the dataset are augmented by integrating semi‐supervised learning, which allows for more effective use of the event data and mitigates overfitting issues. Subsequently, a Transformer‐based predictive model is developed, trained by assorted survival time groups, intending to expand the comprehension of data feature associations. The accuracy of the proposed model is meticulously assessed using a variety of validation metrics, including the Time‐dependent C‐statistic, Integrated Brier Score (IBS), the Time‐dependent receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, and survival curves. These rigorous evaluations offer an intricate insight into the model's performance across different time intervals and event occurrences, thus obtaining a holistic comprehension of the model's precision. The experimental findings convincingly demonstrate the superiority of the proposed framework compared to state‐of‐the‐art methods.
Conjugated Polymer Singlet Fission Material with High Triplet Energy and Long Multiexciton Lifetime via Donor‐π‐Acceptor Strategy
Authors: Shi Xiaomei , Geng Yanfang , Wang Zhongqiang , Zhou Erjun , Fu Hongbing , Wang Long 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThe progress in singlet fission (SF)‐based devices remains basically stagnant due to the limited scope of practical SF materials. Donor–acceptor conjugated polymers hold particular appeal for SF and photovoltaic applications, yet such type SF materials remain largely unexplored, and the previously reported systems are usually beset by low triplet energy and short multiexciton (ME) lifetime impeding their practical applications. In this work, a donor‐π‐acceptor design strategy is presented and successfully develop a new practical polymer SF system. The comprehensive spectroscopic analyses clearly validate that such a molecular design enables the polymer system to hold suitable triplet energy of 1.0–1.1 eV and long ME lifetime of ≈600 ps and implement ultrafast and quantitative ME generation in both dilute solution and solid aggregates. These merits, along with the good processability and excellent stability, make such polymer systems particularly well‐suited for SF‐based light harvesting applications. These results highlight the practical polymer SF system and feasible design guidelines, which can not only pave the way to the discovery of rare polymer SF materials but also lay the foundation for the further implementation of highly efficient SF‐based photovoltaic devices.
Non‐collagenous Protein‐inspired Hydrogels with Repeated Dicarboxylic Structure and High Matrix Strength for Amorphous Calcium Phosphate Stabilization to Promote Bone Defect Regeneration
Authors: Zhang Yuchen , Liu Zheng , Zhang Wenqing , Zhao Xiaodan , Ma Shaoyang , Li Meng , Mei Li , Li Ang , Cheng Yilong , Pei Dandan 
Published: February 2025

AbstractAmorphous calcium phosphate (ACP) as a bone mineral precursor shows vast potential in the treatment of bone defects; however, its strong propensity to crystallize presents a major challenge during therapeutic applications. To mimic the in vivo stabilization of ACP by non‐collagenous proteins, an advanced polymer hydrogel (PAASP hydrogel) with unique repeated dicarboxylic units and high mechanical matrix strength is developed to stabilize ACP for cranial defect treatment. The synergy of high calcium ions chelation strength and hydrogen bonds toughened network in PAASP hydrogel can significantly delay the crystallization process of calcium phosphate and retard hydroxyapatite (HAP) formation, which leads to fast ions release to induce osteogenic differentiation, angiogenesis, collagen mineralization, and fast mineral apposition. In vivo, early osteogenic evaluation reveals that the PAASP hydrogel with stabilized ACP mediates the fastest mineral apposition rate and the largest diameter of collagen fibrils in the bone defect zone. Compared to the widely‐used HAP‐loaded hydrogel (new bone coverage ratio of 53%), the ACP‐loaded PAASP hydrogel can obviously promote new bone formation with a new bone coverage ratio of 88% in a rat cranial defect model. This work advances the current understanding of ACP stabilization and offers valuable insights for designing ACP‐based bone regeneration materials.
Hot Carrier Trapping in Light‐Soaked Mixed Phase CsPbI3 Perovskite Nanocrystals
Authors: Panda Mrinal Kanti , Acharjee Debopam , Mahato Asit Baran , Ghosh Subhadip 
Published: February 2025

AbstractRed‐emitting CsPbI3 perovskite nanocrystals (r‐PNCs) are considered promising for device applications due to their low bandgap. However, their practical use is hindered by significant photoluminescence (PL) intermittency and light‐induced phase transitions. Specifically, the stable and bright α‐phase of r‐PNCs quickly converts into weakly emissive mixed‐phase (δ and γ) within hours under UV irradiation. In the absence of light, r‐PNCs synthesized using an advanced method have been shown to maintain their α‐phase and brightness for over 20 days. This study explores the PL intermittency of r‐PNCs to better understand the carrier dynamics and the nature of trap states in both the α‐phase and mixed phases. These results indicate that r‐PNCs, despite their apparent phase stability, undergo rapid phase deformation during a blinking experiment, as evidenced by the decrease in the average ON state intensity of their PL trajectories and the change in XRD patterns. Fluorescence‐lifetime‐intensity‐distribution (FLID) mapping from blinking studies, combined with fluorescence lifetime correlation spectroscopy (FLCS), reveals that freshly prepared α‐phase r‐PNCs exhibit blinking behavior primarily governed by short‐lived trap states near the band edge. These dynamic trap states function as multiple non‐radiative recombination centers (MRCs). In contrast, light‐soaked mixed‐phase r‐PNCs develop long‐lived deep trap states, leading to dispersive blinking predominantly caused by hot carrier (HC) recombination.
Improved Laser Performance of Carbon‐Bridged Oligo(p‐phenylenevinylene)s Through σ‐π Conjugation with Silyl Groups
Authors: Farrando‐Pérez Álex , Hattori Yuiko , Martínez Angela , Sasaki Kaito , Nunobiki Shuto , Villalvilla José M. , Boj Pedro G. , Quintana José A. , Tsuji Hayato , Díaz‐García María A. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractAll‐solution processed organic distributed feedback (DFB) lasers are attractive devices for a variety of applications. Among many classes of active laser materials, carbon‐bridged oligo(p‐phenylenevinylene)s (COPVm), particularly those with repeating unit of m ≥ 3, have demonstrated well‐balanced and excellent performance for that purpose. However, the blue‐emitting shorter COPVm (with m = 1,2) face significant challenges in terms of photostability and excitation energy for lasing (threshold). Here, the effectiveness of σ‐π conjugation to improve these properties of COPV2 is demonstrated by functionalizing its terminal positions with silyl groups. This study includes the synthesis and optical characterization of two COPV2 derivates, COPV2–Sin (n = 1 and 2) dispersed in polystyrene films. Both compounds show amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) at ≈480 nm over a wide range of concentrations (1–30 wt.%), with COPV2–Si2 exhibiting a lower ASE threshold and longer operational durability than parent COPV2. The potential of these materials has been further demonstrated through the construction of DFB lasers with top‐layer polymeric resonators.
All‐Dielectric Near‐Infrared Metasurface with Field Enhancement and High Q‐Factor Based on Anapole Precise Manipulation
Authors: Chen Cong , Gao Peng , Dai Yaowei , Cui Hongzhong , Wang Xinyan , Huang Tao , Zhu Xiaojun , Liu Hai 
Published: February 2025

AbstractAnapole resonances with high‐quality factor (Q‐factor) can provide strong local electromagnetic fields for dielectric metasurfaces, combined with unique non‐radiation which can play an important role in sensing, nonlinear optics, and other fields. Perfect anapole mode excitation is still a challenge in the near‐infrared band. In this work, a method is proposed to realize the precise control of electric dipole (ED) and toroidal dipole (TD) by introducing elliptical air holes (EAH) and semi‐elliptical slit (SES), so as to excite the perfect anapole mode. The proposed patterned‐matesurface (Pa‐Meta) is prepared by electron beam lithography (EBL) technology, and combined with the built spectral detection system, it is verified that the method can increase the Q‐factor by 7.84 times (58 to 455). In addition, through the simulation calculation, the electric field enhancement factor |E/E0| can be increased by 5.87 times (9.2 to 54). Based on the anapole characteristic of patterned metasurfaces, An analysis of their sensing properties is conducted, revealing a sensitivity of 399.4 nm RIU−1. This study offers a novel perspective for accurately controlling anapole modes in all‐dielectric metasurfaces, as well as their potential applications in optical sensing and spectroscopy.
Toward Sustainable Urban Development: Identifying Principal SDG Indicators for Chinese Cities
Authors: Chen Lu , Shuai Chenyang , Chen Xi , Sun Jingran , Zhao Bu 
Published: February 2025

AbstractUrban transformation plays a decisive role in China's achievement of the United Nations 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. However, a comprehensive and authoritative sustainable development goal (SDG) indicator framework is currently lacking at the city level. To address this gap, we first developed an integrated framework comprising 357 indicators for 297 Chinese cities through a literature review. Nevertheless, the sheer number of reviewed indicators presents significant challenges in data collection. The study then used principal component analysis and multiple regression to identify a small set of SDG indicators (principal indicators) with the consideration of data collection difficulty. Finally, we tested their effectiveness up to 2030. The key findings of our study are as follows: 1) 187 principal indicators are identified to explain the 90% variance of all the 357 indicators with lowest data collection difficulty, providing comprehensive coverage of the SDGs and achieving efficient information aggregation; 2) these principal indicators demonstrated good variance effectiveness and data availability in the vast majority of cities (284 out of 297), highlighting priority areas for future data infrastructure development; 3) the continued applicability of these principal indicators up to 2030 is validated. This study offers insights to guide investments in data infrastructure supporting China's sustainable urban development.
The Efficacy of Pediatric‐Inspired Regimens vs. Hyper‐CVAD in the Treatment of Adolescents and Young Adults With Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Su Wenqing , Stricherz Melisa , Martin Alison , Belsey Jonathan , Kemadjou Eric , DeAngelo Daniel J. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTAdults with acute lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoblastic lymphoma (ALL/LBL) have poorer outcomes than pediatric patients. The aim of this systematic literature review and meta‐analysis was to compare asparaginase (ASP)‐containing pediatric‐inspired regimens (PIRs) with hyper‐fractionated cyclophosphamide, vincristine, doxorubicin, and dexamethasone (hyper‐CVAD) in adolescents and young adults (AYAs) with ALL/LBL. Searches included relevant publications up to April 21, 2022. A meta‐analysis was conducted in four studies with comparable demographics, to estimate the effects of intervention on rates of response and survival. Patients receiving PIRs were approximately twice as likely to achieve complete response and 1.8 times more likely to survive than patients receiving hyper‐CVAD. These results suggest ASP‐containing PIRs are associated with improved outcomes in AYAs compared with hyper‐CVAD.
To Transport or Not to Transport: Post‐Growth Avenues for Transport Infrastructure Planning
Authors: Verweij Stefan , Lamker Christian , de Groot Bert 
Published: February 2025

AbstractPost‐growth literature has recently raised attention to the role of transport infrastructure planning in relation to global sustainability challenges and human wellbeing. Transport infrastructure can be a major obstacle to change, due to sunk costs, material intensity, and historical path dependencies. At the same time, it is a foundation for quality‐of‐life, basic services, and fulfilling human needs. At the crossroads of major societal, spatial, and economic transformations, it is timely to explore what post‐growth perspectives offer to transport infrastructure planning. We develop six propositions that we identify as crucial to connect post‐growth thought with transport infrastructure planning more effectively. Concluding from the six propositions, we underline the need for open political discussions about crucial trade‐offs and the strategic and integrative interfaces between sustainability, socio‐spatial transformations, and transport infrastructures.
Home‐based collaborative management of bullous pemphigoid with delayed seropositive conversion of anti‐BP180‐NC16a antibody
Authors: Yamashita Hiromitsu , Ando Takayuki , Fujikawa Hirohisa , Shiota Masayoshi 
Published: February 2025

AbstractWe report the case of an 82‐year‐old male with a history of multiple cerebral infarctions who developed bullous pemphigoid while receiving home‐based care. Anti‐BP180‐NC16a antibody was initially negative, but later became positive as the disease severity worsened. The patient was successfully managed at home through a collaborative effort between a home‐visiting physician (general practitioner), dermatologist, nursing staff, and pharmacists. This case highlights the value of reevaluating anti‐BP180‐NC16a antibody levels and the feasibility of home‐based care for severe bullous pemphigoid in bedridden patients.
Coherence Awareness in Diffractive Neural Networks
Authors: Kleiner Matan , Michalei Lior , Michalei Tomer 
Published: February 2025

AbstractDiffractive neural networks hold great promise for applications requiring intensive computational processing. Considerable attention is focused on diffractive networks for either spatially coherent or spatially incoherent illumination. Here, it is illustrated that, as opposed to imaging systems, in diffractive networks the degree of spatial coherence has a dramatic effect. In particular, it is showed that when the spatial coherence length on the object is comparable to the minimal feature size preserved by the optical system, neither the incoherent nor the coherent extremes serve as acceptable approximations. Importantly, this situation is inherent to many settings involving active illumination, including reflected light microscopy, autonomous vehicles and smartphones. Following this observation, a general framework is proposed for training diffractive networks for any specified degree of spatial and temporal coherence, supporting all types of linear and nonlinear layers. Using this method, networks are numerically optimized for image classification, and the dependence of their performance on the coherence properties of the illumination is thoroughly investigated. The concept of coherence‐blind networks is further introduced, enabling networks, which have enhanced resilience to changes in illumination conditions. These findings serve as a steppingstone toward adopting all‐optical neural networks in real‐world applications, leveraging nothing but natural light.
Floquet Engineering and Harnessing Giant Atoms in Frequency‐Comb Emission and Bichromatic Correlations in Waveguide QED
Authors: Qiu Qing‐Yang , Zheng Li‐Li , Wu Ying , Lü Xin‐You 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThe capability to design spectrally controlled photon emission is not only fundamentally interesting for understanding frequency‐encoded light–matter interactions, but also is essential for realizing the preparation and manipulation of quantum states. Here, a dynamically modulated qubit array is considered, and realize frequency‐controlled single‐photon emission focusing on the generation of a frequency comb constituted solely of even‐parity or anti‐Stokes sidebands. This system also offers parity‐dependent bunching and antibunching in frequency‐filtered quantum correlations. In particular, the waveguide quantum electrodynamics (QED) setup is extended to include chiral and non‐local coupling architectures, thereby enhancing its versatility in Floquet engineering. This proposal also supports the predictable generation of high‐dimensional entangled quantum states, where the corresponding effective Hilbert space dimension is well controlled by energy modulation. Moreover, the utilisation of sophisticated numerical tools, such as the matrix product states (MPSs) and the discretization approach, enables the efficient simulation of multi‐photon dynamics, in which the non‐Markovian Floquet steady states emerge. This work fundamentally broadens the fields of collective emission, and has wide applications in implementing frequency‐encoded quantum information processing and many‐body quantum simulation.
Selective Effects of Substantia Nigra and Locus Coeruleus Degeneration on Cognition in Parkinson's Disease
Authors: Sun Sophie , Madge Victoria , Djordjevic Jelena , Gagnon Jean‐François , Collins D. Louis , Dagher Alain , Sharp Madeleine 
Published: February 2025

AbstractBackgroundThe substantia nigra (SN) and locus coeruleus (LC) are among the first brain regions to degenerate in Parkinson's disease (PD). This has important implications for early cognitive deficits because these nuclei are sources of ascending neuromodulators (i.e., dopamine and noradrenaline) that support various cognitive functions such as learning, memory, and executive function.ObjectiveOur aim was to investigate the selective and independent contributions of SN and LC degeneration to cognitive deficits in PD.MethodsWe ran a cross‐sectional study testing patients with PD and older adults on tasks of positive reinforcement learning, attention/working memory, executive function, and memory to measure cognitive performance in domains thought to be related to dopaminergic and noradrenergic function. Participants also underwent neuromelanin‐sensitive magnetic resonance imaging as a measure of degeneration.ResultsReduced SN neuromelanin signal in PD was independently associated with impaired positive reinforcement learning (β = 0.41, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.08, 0.74) controlling for changes in the LC. In contrast, reduced LC neuromelanin signal was independently associated with impairments in attention/working memory (β = 0.20, 95% CI [−0.47, −0.10]) and executive function (β = 0.22, 95% CI: −0.57, −0.24), controlling for changes in the SN.ConclusionsThese results suggest that SN and LC degeneration may contribute to different cognitive deficits, potentially explaining the heterogeneity that exists in the cognitive manifestations of PD. These results also highlight the potential value of leveraging brain‐behavior relationships to develop performance‐based measures of cognition that could be used to characterize the phenotypic differences associated with underlying patterns of neurodegeneration. © 2025 The Author(s). Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
Bacteriome of the Middle Ear in Children and Young Adults With Cholesteatoma and Retraction Pocket: A Pilot Study
Authors: Bartos Michal , Urik Milan , Buresova Lucie , Holochova Pavla , Budinska Eva , Linhartova Petra Borilova 
Published: February 2025

AbstractObjectiveChronic otitis media (COM) is a common middle ear disease in children and young adults. Dysfunction of the Eustachian tube and bacterial infection are the main causes. This pilot study aimed to describe and compare bacteriomes of the middle ear in children and young adults with serious forms of COM, such as cholesteatoma and retraction pocket (RP) of the tympanic membrane, with bacteriomes in healthy middle ears.Study DesignObservational study.SettingClinical practice in a tertiary center. From January 1, 2021 to August 31, 2022. Patients aged 0 to 20 years.MethodsIn this case‐control study, middle ears were swabbed during surgery on children with cholesteatoma (N = 23) or RP (N = 26) and on children indicated for cochlear implant (N = 15, controls). Genomic DNA extraction was followed by creation of a 16S ribosomal DNA gene library and sequencing on a MiSeq instrument. Samples with relative abundance of at least one bacterial genus >20% were considered positive for the specific genus.ResultsBacterial diversity was generally low in the middle ear samples from patients with COM, with DNA content from 1 or 2 bacteria usually dominating in the sample. A significant difference in positivity for one or more bacterial genera was observed between patients with cholesteatoma or RP (38.8%) versus patients indicated for cochlear implants (6.7%).ConclusionWhile middle ear bacteriomes in cases of cholesteatoma and RP differed from those of controls, findings in the 2 pathological conditions were similar. These results support the statement that the RP could be a precholesteatoma stage.
Tunable Reactive Metamaterials for Enhanced Explosive Corner Turning
Authors: Ichiyama Robert T. , Stanisha Madeleine , Scarpelli Noah P. , Smith James L. , Stewart D. Scott , Oxley Jimmie C. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTSimulations and experiments were conducted to control energy release4d during detonation using high impedance additively manufactured geometric arrays. These arrays enabled the control of explosive corner turning within nitromethane. These localized geometries were tuned based on simulations carried out in ALE3D. High explosive ignition and growth reactive flow modeling identified specific high impedance inclusion geometries for given donor‐acceptor charge geometries that would induce corner turning when present. Synthetic, pressure‐dependent streak camera images were generated in simulations to inform experimental results. Experiments were conducted using Fritz plane wave lenses to drive planar input shocks into the system. Ultra‐high‐speed framing and streak camera imaging were used to view the shock time of arrivals within manufactured metamaterials. Framing camera images revealed localized instabilities within the nitromethane that were not present in untuned experiments. Streak camera imaging was used to measure the corner turning time of arrival at the boundaries of the experimental geometry. Corner turning did not occur in simulations or experiments that did not include the tuned inclusions. These results suggest that it is possible to localize sensitivity to detonation within an insensitive material increasing the overall safety of fielded energetic materials.