bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Haemorrhagic ascites: An atypical presentation of endometriosis
Authors: Desai Suruchi , Oswal Shreya , Parikh Rashmi 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Haemorrhagic ascites is primarily associated with perforated abdominal viscera, malignancies and tuberculosis or hepatic pathologies. However, its presentation due to ovarian endometriosis is a rare finding. We report the rare occurrence of haemorrhagic ascites due to ovarian endometriosis in a 26-year-old multiparous female presentingwith severe abdominal pain. The other probable causes of ascites were excluded and computed tomography of abdomen and pelvis revealed moderate ascites with bulky left ovarian cyst. Abdominal paracentesis revealed haemorrhagic ascitic fluid which on cytopathology did not reveal evidence of malignancy. Diagnostic work-up including magnetic resonance imaging and diagnostic laparoscopy confirmed the diagnosis. She was treated with oral dienogest which caused regression of the mass and pain. This case highlights that endometriosis may be included in the differential diagnosis while treating haemorrhagic ascites in women in reproductive age.
Clinico-patho-radiological study of mass in the right iliac fossa
Authors: Rao Battalapalli Sri Hari , Kumar V. N. , Rani G. Padmaja 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background:
Sparse recent data are available regarding the aetiological causes of the right iliac fossa (RIF) mass from Andhra Pradesh.

Methods:
We prospectively studied the clinical presentation, diagnosis and management of consecutive cases (n = 100) presenting to our tertiary care teaching hospital with a RIF mass over 2 years.

Results:
Majority of RIF masses were seen in the third and fourth decades of life, and the male-to-female ratio was 2.8:1; 64% of the cases were due to appendicular pathology (appendicular mass [48%] and appendicular abscess [16%]), followed by ileocaecal tuberculosis (TB) (12%) and carcinoma caecum (10%) among others. Carcinoma caecum was more common in males (70%) as compared to females (30%). The majority (78%) were managed surgically; 4% died. Post-operative complications included wound infection and respiratory tract infection.

Conclusions:
Our observations suggest that appendicular pathology, ileocaecal TB and carcinoma caecum are common aetiological causes for RIF mass. Abdominal ultrasonography and computed tomography will facilitate early localisation.
Grading of pelvic floor dysfunction on dynamic magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: Gautam Deeksha , Pobbati Harshavardhan , Ghosh Sumit Kumar 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background:
Pelvic floor disorders are often complex due to symptoms ranging from vague low back pain to major faecal incontinence and urinary incontinence. It is important to perform a dynamic study because certain abnormalities can be identified only during the straining or defaecation phase; for example, rectal prolapse or intussusception.

Methods:
This observational and descriptive study conducted over 18 months had included 50 patients (34 females). Cystocele was graded as mild, moderate and severe based on descent of urinary bladder below the pubococcygeal line (PCL). All of them underwent dynamic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the pelvic floor. Uterine and vaginal vault prolapse was graded as mild, moderate and severe based on uterus, cervix and vaginal vault prolapse below the PCL line.

Results:
Their mean age was 52.4 (range 11-86) years. Cystocele was present in 59% of females and 19% of males. Urethral hypermobility seen in 6% females and 9% males.

Conclusions:
Dynamic MRI can be used as an important investigation before surgery to plan an appropriate surgical procedure based on grading of the pelvic organ prolapsed and involved compartment.
Impact of early postnatal support by lactation consultant on breastfeeding outcomes in urban population: A prospective observational study
Authors: Otiv Anjali , Bhat Minakshi , Koli Chandrashekhar K. , Rajadhyax Mamata Mangesh , Behera Abhiram 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background:
Early breastfeeding support helps in achieving exclusive breastfeeding by reducing the incidence of painful breast problems. A comparison of the impact of lactation counselling by lactation consultants and nursing staff would help to optimise care.

Methods:
In this prospective study conducted in the maternity ward of a private sector tertiary care hospital in an urban area, breastfeeding outcomes such as achievement of exclusive breastfeeding and incidence of painful breast problems such as sore nipples and breast engorgement as well as breastfeeding technique were compared between two groups of mother–newborn dyads receiving support from lactation consultants (study group) and maternity ward nursing staff (control group), respectively.

Results:
A total of 477 mother–newborn pairs were enrolled. Sixty-three out of 225 mothers (28%) in the study group complained of sore nipples as against 122 out of 252 mothers (48.4%) in the control group (odd ratio [OR] 0.414, 95% confidence intervals [CI] 0.282–0.607, P < 0.001). Breast engorgement was reported in 45 mothers (20%) in the study group and 117 mothers (46.4%) in the control group (OR 0.288, 95% CI 0.191–0.434, P < 0.001). Two hundred and three newborns (90.2%) from the study group were discharged on exclusive breastfeeding as compared to 149 newborns (59.1%) in the control group (OR 0.156, 95% CI 0.094–0.260, P < 0.001).

Conclusions:
Lactation consultants are significantly better than nursing staff at improving breastfeeding outcomes by providing trained support to optimise breastfeeding position and attachment, thereby preventing painful breast problems.
Prevalence of Taste Changes among Tobacco Users in Patients Visiting Dental Hospital – A Comparative Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Srinivasan Srividhya , Gopal K. Saraswathi , Raghunathan Anitha , Priyadharshini S. , Vyapuri Shravan 
Published: June 2024

Background:
Impaired taste perception has impact on quality of life; Tobacco being an important contributing factor.

Aim:
To understand the impact of using tobacco on gustation among patients with habit of tobacco.

Method:
A total of 60 subjects enrolled divided into 3 groups (group 1): Habit of using tobacco without lesions; Group II: Patients with habit of using tobacco with tobacco associated lesions like leukoplakia, OSMF, oral cancer, tobacco pouch keratosis; Group III: Healthy individuals. Taste identification time using four aqueous solutions of basic tastes – sweet, salty, sour, and bitter – was recorded (in seconds) and compared among three groups. The data were analyzed using Student’s t-test and analysis of variance using SPSS 20 version software.

Results:
Results revealed 40% of patients with tobacco habits had significant alteration in taste with sour taste identified as salt in tobacco users. Sweet taste identification took longer time followed by salt, bitter and sour in Group 2 patients with statistical highly significant difference (P=.001) between Group 1 and Group 2 when compared to control group (Group 3) for all the taste.

Conclusion:
Hence there exists a definite alteration of taste with greater time taken in identifying a particular taste in tobacco users.
The Analgesic Efficacy of Lidocaine/Prilocaine Cream during Fine-needle Aspiration Biopsy of Thyroid Nodules: A Randomized Double-blind Clinical Trial
Authors: Poursaleh Sajjad , Safi Fatemeh , Modir Hesameddin , Safari Malihe 
Published: June 2024

Introduction:
Fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) method is an effective method in diagnosis and approach to patients with thyroid nodules that create pain. This study investigates the analgesic effect of lidocaine/prilocaine cream during fine-needle aspiration (FNA) of thyroid nodules to reduce discomfort in patients during the procedure.

Materials and Methods:
In a double-blind clinical trial, two groups including patients with thyroid nodules who were rubbed with lidocaine + prilocaine 5% on their skin before FNA and patients with thyroid nodules, who have had topical placebo cream applied to their skin before FNA, were recruited. The Numerical Rating Scale was used to check the pain level. The Chi-square test, Fisher’s exact test, independent t-test, and Mann–Whitney’s nonparametric test were used for data analysis in SPSS software.

Results:
The average pain sensation in the intervention group is lower than the scores obtained in the control group, but despite the existing difference, this difference was not statistically significant (P = 0.7). The investigations showed that with the increase in the size and diameter of the thyroid nodules, the amount of pain that the patient feels during the procedure is reduced. Moreover, increasing the size of the nodule significantly reduces the amount of pain felt by the patient in the intervention group (P = 0.04).

Conclusion:
The results of this study indicated that the use of lidocaine/prilocaine cream in patients who are candidates for thyroid nodule biopsy did not have a significant effect on reducing their pain in contrast with literature. Therefore, based on the findings of the study, the use of lidocaine/prilocaine cream in these patients does not offer any significant decrease in pain sensation compared to using just a placebo.
Comparative Evaluation of Ease of Nasotracheal Intubation Using C-MAC versus TuoRen Video Laryngoscope in Adult Surgical Patients: A Randomized Study
Authors: Rajan Sunil , Chandrasekharan Rejitha , Mathew Jacob , Roy Roniya Ann , Rajkumar Reshma , Paul Jerry 
Published: June 2024

Background and Aims:
Laryngeal visualization and ease of intubation vary with the use of different video laryngoscopes. We compared the number of attempts taken for successful first-attempt nasotracheal intubation using C-MAC video laryngoscope versus TuoRen video laryngoscope. Ease of intubation and time taken, glottic view, and hemodynamic responses were also compared.

Materials and Methods:
It was a randomized, single-blinded trial conducted in eighty adult surgical patients with normal airways requiring nasotracheal intubation. In all patients, the protocols for induction and intubation were similar. In Group C, C-MAC video laryngoscope and in Group T, TuoRen video laryngoscope were used. Statistical analysis was done using independent samples t-test and Chi-squared test as applicable.

Results:
Successful first-attempt intubation was significantly higher in Group C compared to Group T (87.5% vs. 60%). Incidence of fogging was significantly lower in Group C compared to Group T (10% vs. 30%). Time taken for intubation was significantly higher in Group T (34.64 ± 4.38 s vs. 86.25 ± 8.56 s). The view of the glottis obtained was similar in both groups. A significantly higher number of patients in Group C had easy intubation (87.5% vs. 60%). Mean heart rate and mean arterial pressure were significantly higher in Group T after intubation.

Conclusion:
Successful first-attempt nasotracheal intubation was significantly higher with the use of C-MAC which required lesser attempts and time compared to TuoRen video laryngoscope. The glottic views obtained with both devices were comparable, but the ease of intubation was better and fogging was lesser with C-MAC. The use of TuoRen videoscope was associated with significantly higher hemodynamic responses.
Incidence of Contralateral Neck Nodal Metastasis in Recurrent Oral Cavity Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Tomar Gaurav , Kantharia Shehnaz , Banerjee Monalisa , Thakkar Ishani , Kantharia Rajesh Arvind 
Published: June 2024

Aim:
The aim of the study was to evaluate the incidence of contralateral neck nodal metastasis in recurrent oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma (OCSCC) with ipsilateral neck addressed during previous surgery.

Methodology:
A retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data of 2870 patients treated at Kailash Cancer Hospital and Research Center, Goraj, from January 2018 to December 2022 was done. Ninety patients with ipsilateral local recurrences with lesions not crossing or reaching midline were evaluated for contralateral neck nodal metastasis. All patients had undergone ipsilateral neck dissection during the previous surgery.

Results:
Contralateral nodal metastasis was found in 16 patients (17.77%), of which 13 patients (14.44%) had extranodal extension (ENE) and 7 patients (7.77%) had occult metastasis. In 35 patients, ipsilateral completion neck dissection was performed, of which 5 patients (14.28%) were node positive with ENE and 8.33% had bilateral node positivity with ENE. The factors influencing contralateral nodal metastasis after surgery for recurrence were the depth of invasion and ipsilateral neck nodal positivity and factors influencing contralateral node positivity from the previous surgery were nodal status and margins.

Conclusion:
In patients with local recurrence of oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma, with ipsilateral neck addressed previously, the lymphatic patterns alter. Hence, the predictable echelons are modified and no longer reliable. Hence, along with the excision of the primary lesion, completion of the ipsilateral neck and addressing the contralateral neck becomes mandatory, even if the patient is clinically node negative.
Exploring the Role of Circulating Tumor Cells in Contralateral Neck Metastasis
Authors: Varsha B. K. , Thakur Shalini , Sindhe J. Raghunand , Rao Vishal U. S. , Subash Anand , Joy Anu , Puthiyottil Indu Vadakke , Bylapudi Bhanu Prakash , Maruthi Meghana , Mishra Shameekcha 
Published: June 2024

Background:
The management of neck nodes in oral cavity cancers discernibly depends on the approach adopted for the primary tumor. There are abundant literature and consensus guidelines established for ipsilateral neck metastasis in small lateralized oral cavity cancers. However, the literature on the mechanism of contralateral neck metastasis and their management in recurrent settings is sparse. The current analysis aims at elucidating the role of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in contralateral neck metastasis and the incidence of the same.

Materials and Methods:
We performed a retrospective cohort study to include all the patients with recurrent ipsilateral oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma who underwent treatment between January 2016 and October 2021. Various parameters were analyzed, and the data were curated to arrive at a conclusion.

Results:
The analysis of several parameters, including demographics of the patient, tumor site, individual tumor, lymph node, metastasis (TNM) category, depth of invasion (DOI), extra-nodal extension (ENE) status, CTCs, adjuvant treatment received after first surgery followed by TNM category, DOI, worst pattern of invasion, ENE, type of neck dissection, histological grading of tumor, perineural invasion, lymphovascular invasion, nodal yield, and number of nodes positive in the contralateral neck were studied in detail.

Conclusion:
The study showed a significant correlation between contralateral neck metastasis and CTCs.
Extranuclear DNA Variations in the Susceptibility of Glaucoma
Authors: Kumar Sunil , Kaur Ranjeet , Malik Manzoor A. , Angmo Dewang , Kaur Jasbir 
Published: June 2024

Abstract:
Glaucoma is a leading cause of irreversible blindness worldwide which affects all age groups. It is often identified by high intraocular pressure, characteristic optic neuropathy, and vision loss. Due to multifactorial nature of glaucoma pathogenesis, the molecular events responsible for its precipitation are currently poorly understood. Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) variations which are inherited maternally are being closely studied in recent times to elucidate the effect on glaucoma. Mitochondrial genetic studies till date have found a possible link between Leber hereditary optic neuropathy loci and glaucoma but with conflicting views. Furthermore, whole mtDNA studies in glaucoma points at the involvement of oxidative phosphorylation complex I and specifically the NADH dehydrogenase 5 gene in glaucoma. This review focuses on identifying the potential genes and variations in the maternally inherited mtDNA which might be involved in glaucoma pathogenesis.
Imaging-based Biomarkers as Predictors of Response to Anti-VEGF Therapy in Idiopathic Choroidal Neovascularization
Authors: Agrawal Surbhi , Chawla Rohan , Todi Vishnu , Vohra Rajpal , Azad Shorya V. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract:

PURPOSE:
The purpose of this study was to identify biomarkers that predict the response of treatment-naive idiopathic choroidal neovascularization (iCNV) to anti-VEGF treatment.

METHODS:
Fourteen eyes diagnosed with iCNV underwent a dilated fundus examination, Swept Source Optical Coherence Tomography (SS-OCT) and Optical Coherence Tomography - Angiography (OCT-A), and were given an anti-VEGF injection. The same examinations were repeated at every follow-up visit. Analysis of the pre- and posttreatment images was done to identify possible biomarkers which were evaluated to check association with decreased need for multiple anti-VEGF injections.

RESULTS:
At presentation, 11 patients showed a compact pattern, while three patients showed an arborizing pattern on OCT angiography (P = 1). On follow-up imaging, seven patients showed a marked response, five patients showed a moderate response, and two patients showed a mild response to anti-VEGF injection. Among the seven patients showing a marked response, only one required a repeat injection (P = 0.03). On analysis of SS-OCT, a novel Retinal Pigment Epithelium (RPE) healing response was observed in posttreatment imaging of six patients (P = 0.59).

CONCLUSION:
A ”marked” response to the first anti-VEGF injection results in a more sustained response and is a positive prognostic factor. RPE healing response is an interesting observation that merits further evaluation. Morphology of neovascular membranes has no effect on long-term need for multiple anti-VEGF injections.
The Effect of Dorzolamide-timolol Eye drop on Intraocular Pressure Change in Intravitreal Ranibizumab Injected Patients
Authors: Coşkun Mehmet 
Published: June 2024

Abstract:

PURPOSE:
The objective of the study was to examine the effect of dorzolamide–timolol (DT) eye drop used before intravitreal ranibizumab (IVR) injection on intraocular pressure (IOP) change.

METHODS:
50 eyes of 50 patients who received DT eye drops 1 h before IVR injection due to diabetic retinopathy and macular edema were considered Group 1, and 50 eyes of 50 patients who did not receive DT eye drops were considered Group 2. Those patients who had previously undergone intravitreal injection had intraocular surgery, and used any eye drops were not included in the study. Before the injection, IOP values were measured with a Tonopen contact handheld tonometer before the blepharostat was placed (BIOP), after the blepharostat was placed (AIOP), and at the 1st min after the injection (IIOP).

RESULTS:
There were 25 males and 25 females in Group 1 and 25 males and 25 females in Group 2; the mean age was 65.66 ± 9.94 years in Group 1 and 65.54 ± 7.43 years in Group 2 (P = 0.98). In Group 1, BIOP was 18.91 ± 18.91, AIOP was 21.62 ± 6.16 mmHg, and IIOP was 49.21 ± 10.95 mmHg. In Group 2, BIOP was 20.18 ± 4.19 mmHg, AIOP was 24.60 ± 4.90 mmHg, and IIOP was 49.96 ± 9.72 mmHg. IIOP-BIOP difference was 30.30 ± 9.85 mmHg in Group 1 and 29.78 ± 9.33 mmHg in Group 2 and the difference was not statistically significant (P = 0.78). In Group 1, the IIOP-AIOP difference was 27.58 ± 10.60 mmHg and in Group 2, 25.36 ± 10.46 mmHg. The difference between IIOP and AIOP was not statistically significant (P = 0.27).

CONCLUSION:
The use of topical DT eye drops before IVR injection does not affect the intraocular pressure change.
Relationship between Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and Retinopathy in Diabetic Women
Authors: Coşkun Mehmet 
Published: June 2024

Abstract:

PURPOSE:
To examine the relationship between the presence and severity of retinopathy in women with diabetes mellitus and sleep quality assessed using Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI).

METHODS:
Among 90 female patients with type 2 diabetes, 30 patients without retinopathy were classified into Group 1, 30 patients with nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy as Group 2, and 30 patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy as Group 3. People who had a known sleep problem, had a history of using medication other than sleeping pills that would affect sleep, had lower or upper respiratory tract disease, had history of previous surgery, or were unable to answer the survey questions appropriately were excluded from the study.

RESULTS:
The mean age was 52.6 ± 6.18 years in Group 1, 55.15 ± 8.15 years in Group 2, and 60.35 ± 5.93 years in Group 3. While no statistical difference was observed between Groups 1 and 2 (P = 0.27), a statistical difference was observed between both Groups 1 and 3 (P = 0.01) and Groups 2 and 3 (P = 0.02). PSQI scores were found to be 5.10 ± 1.07 in Group 1, 7.30 ± 2.34 in Group 2, and 6.70 ± 1.21 in Group 3. In terms of these scores, there was a statistical difference between Group 1 and both Group 2 (P = 0.01) and Group 3 (P = 0.01), while no difference was observed between Groups 2 and 3 (P = 0.31).

CONCLUSION:
Although the presence of retinopathy significantly impairs sleep quality in diabeticwomen, no relationship was found between the severity of retinopathy and impaired sleep quality.