bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Heart rate variability in patients with fully remitted major depressive disorder
Authors: Chang Hsin-An , Chang Chuan-Chia , Chen Chih-Lun , Kuo Terry B. J. , Lu Ru-Band , Huang San-Yuan 
Published: February 2012

ObjectiveCardiac autonomic dysregulation has been reported in major depressive disorder (MDD), but scarce studies investigated that in fully remitted MDD.MethodsTo examine cardiac autonomic function in remitted MDD, 470 unmedicated individuals with a diagnosis of MDD earlier in life and 462 healthy volunteers, aged 18–65 years, were recruited for a case–control analysis. Cardiac autonomic function was evaluated by measuring heart rate variability (HRV) parameters. Frequency-domain indices of HRV were obtained. The obtained results were evaluated in association with personality traits assessed by the Tridimensional Personality Questionnaire.ResultsIn patients with remitted MDD, no differences in RR intervals and all frequency-domain indices of HRV could be detected as compared with controls. Stratified analyses by the presence of a history of suicide ideation (the SI+ vs. the SI-subgroup) revealed decreased cardiac vagal control in the SI+ subgroup. The correlation analysis revealed an inverse relation between HRV levels and the harm avoidance score (which has been suggested to be associated with serotonergic activity), mainly attributable to the robust association in the SI+ subgroup.ConclusionOur study shows that cardiac autonomic dysregulation is not shown in remitted MDD patients as a whole but is limited to the subgroup of remitted MDD patients with a history of suicidal ideation. In view of the higher risk for cardiac complications in these vulnerable individuals, one might consider the treatment to restore their autonomic function.
The care of constipated children in primary care in different countries
Authors: Burgers Rosa , Bonanno Elvira , Madarena Elisa , Graziano Francesca , Pensabene Licia , Gardner William , Mousa Hayat , Benninga Marc A , Di Lorenzo Carlo 
Published: February 2012

AbstractAim: To investigate and compare the approach to childhood constipation by primary care physicians (PCP) in three Western countries to give insight into adherence to current guidelines and in actual care.Methods: Prospective study utilizing a two‐page survey regarding the approach to children suspected to have functional constipation (FC). A total of 413 of 1016 (41%) distributed surveys were returned out of which 383 were suitable for analysis. Surveys were answered anonymously. Survey responses were analysed and are reported in a descriptive way.Results: In Italy, the Netherlands, and the USA, respectively, 75, 187 and 121 surveys were returned by PCP. The majority of PCP (62%) considered stool withholding as a result of painful defecation to be the most common cause of childhood constipation. Rectal examination was used as a standard diagnostic tool for the evaluation of FC by only 31% of PCP with significant differences among the countries (p < 0.05) and a minimum in the Netherlands (11%). Abdominal X‐ray is used by 49% to diagnose FC. 63% of PCP were convinced that hard stool can be softened by drinking more water. Polyethylene glycol was the most common prescribed drug (85%). Significant differences were found among countries in the use of senna and bisacodyl suppositories (p < 0.05).Conclusion: Significant differences in practice exist among PCP from different countries regarding the performance of a digital rectal examination, need for additional diagnostic tests and use of laxatives in childhood constipation.
Assessment of reproduction and growth performance of offspring derived from somatic cell cloned pigs
Authors: HU Kui , KONG Qingran , ZHAO Zeping , LU Xinyu , LIU Biao , LI Yutian , WANG Hongbin , LIU Zhonghua 
Published: February 2012

ABSTRACTSince cloned pig was successfully produced, a new opportunity for porcine breeding industry to conserve genetic resources has been opened. However, there has been no report to investigate whether both somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) pigs and their offspring have the characteristics of the donor breed. In this study, we compared the reproductive and growth performance of American Large White boars cloned by SCNT with the donor boar, and analyzed the test parameters, including semen quality, re‐service rate, rate of parturition, and average daily gain. The results showed that these cloned boars and the donor boar had no significant differences in the tests (P > 0.05) and the growth performance of their offspring was similar to the naturally bred American Large White pigs. In summary, the reproductive and growth performance of cloned pigs are similar to the donor pig and within the normal range. This suggests that pigs cloned by SCNT have the potential to be used in reproduction and breeding.
Recruitment strategies for an osteoporosis clinical trial: Analysis of effectiveness
Authors: Heard Allison , March Rachel , Maguire Patricia , Reilly Penny , Helmore Joy , Cameron Sheryl , Frampton Christopher , Nicholls Gary , Gilchrist Nigel 
Published: February 2012

Aim:  To examine the effectiveness of a planned rapid recruitment strategy in an osteoporosis clinical trial.Methods:  Multiple recruitment methods were explored, including media advertising, searching bone density scan and X‐ray results in specialist and primary practice databases, community initiatives, and generation of research centre and study‐specific pamphlets.Results:  Of 246 women screened, 41 consenting to the study, only 14 were randomised. Thus, 232 (94%) volunteers were screen failures, ineligible or declined to participate. With regard to the cost‐effectiveness of all recruitment strategies, searching the research centre database was the most successful, with four women randomised at a cost of approximately NZ$302 per volunteer. Other strategies were less cost‐effective.Conclusion:  Obtaining a specific study cohort can be achieved by a comprehensive, targeted, rapid recruitment program. A research centre database search was the most successful and cost‐effective recruitment modality in this small study.
Herschel/SPIRE observations of the TWA brown dwarf disc 2MASSW J1207334–393254
Authors: Riaz B. , Lodato G. , Stamatellos D. , Gizis J. E. 
Published: February 2012

Abstract
We present Herschel/SPIRE observations for the 2MASS 1207334−393254 (2M1207) system. Based on radiative transfer modelling of near-infrared to submillimetre data, we estimate a disc mass of 3 ± 2 MJup and an outer disc radius of 50–100 au for the 2M1207A disc. The relative disc mass for 2M1207A is similar to the T Tauri star TW Hya, which indicates that massive discs are not underabundant around substellar objects. In probing the various formation mechanisms for this system, we find that core accretion is highly uncertain mainly due to the large separation between the primary and the companion. Disc fragmentation could be a likely scenario based on analytical models, and if the disc initially was more massive than its current estimate. Considering that the TW Hydrae Association (TWA) is sparsely populated, this system could have formed via one of the known binary formation mechanisms (e.g. turbulent fragmentation of a core) and survived disruption at an early stage.
Can Planck constrain indirect detection of dark matter in our Galaxy?
Authors: Delahaye Timur , Bœhm Céline , Silk Joseph 
Published: February 2012

Abstract
We investigate the synchrotron emission (both intensity and morphology) associated with generic dark matter particles and make predictions for the Planck experiment, using the Fermi data and a model for the astrophysical sources. Our results indicate that the morphology (and not only the intensity) of the synchrotron emission from both dark matter annihilations plus astrophysical source is frequency dependent. Expected signals for light and heavy dark matter candidates seem sufficiently different to potentially delineate the value of the dark matter mass using a thorough comparison between LFI and HFI data.
An Institutional Account of China's HIV/AIDS Policy Process from 1985 to 2010
Authors: KNUTSEN WENJUE LU 
Published: February 2012

China's HIV/AIDS policy progress displays a long‐term stagnancy followed by a sudden revolution. This article utilizes multiple theoretical tools to interpret this policy progress. It identifies four phases of China's HIV/AIDS policy process: (1) institutional endurance interpreted by path dependence from historical institutionalism; (2) deinstitutionalization explained by Oliver's antecedents of deinstitutionalization; (3) the radical shift interpreted by Kingdon's agenda‐setting theory; and (4) reinstitutionalization and diffusion of institutional theory. This study demonstrates the utility of “creative borrowing”—employing multiple theoretical tools to harness the strengths of each. Doing so reveals that a country's past experience with similar policy issues, the perceived political and moral legitimacy of existing policies, and a country's existing political interests can exert resistance to change. In the presence of multiple pressures for change, policy entrepreneurs who can identify policy windows and couple multiple streams may achieve radical policy shifts.El progreso legislativo relacionado al VIH/SIDA en China muestra un estancamiento a largo plazo seguido de una revolución repentina. El objetivo de este estudio es utilizar múltiples herramientas teoréticas para interpretar este progreso legislativo. Se identifican cuatro fases en el progreso de la legislación china sobre el VIH/SIDA: (1) Resistencia Institucional, interpretada por la dependencia al modelo del institucionalismo histórico; (2) Desinstitucionalización, explicada por los antecedentes de desinstitucionalización de Oliver; (3) el Cambio Radical, interpretado por la teoría del establecimiento de agendas políticas de Kingdon, y (4) Reinstitucionalización y Difusión de la teoría institucional. Este estudio muestra la utilidad del “préstamos creativo”—el empleo de múltiples herramientas teóricas para aprovechar las fortalezas de cada una. Este estudio revela que experiencias pasadas con temas legislativos similares, la percepción de legitimidad política y moral de las políticas existentes, y los intereses políticos existentes en el país pueden ejercer una resistencia al cambio Dada la presencia de múltiples presiones para el cambio, emprendedores políticos que identifiquen oportunidades en las políticas y combinen múltiples enfoques pueden lograr cambios políticos radicales.Related Articles:“Civil Society and Immigrant Health Policy Convergence,” (2011):http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1747‐1346.2010.00283.x/abstract“The State, the Market, Economic Growth, and Poverty in China,” (2007):http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1747‐1346.2007.00088.x/abstract“The Search for Legitimacy in Asia,” (2010):http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1747‐1346.2010.00240.x/abstract
Escherichia coli contamination of the river Thames in different seasons and weather conditions
Authors: Amirat Linda , Wildeboer Dirk , Abuknesha Ramadan A. , Price Robert G. 
Published: February 2012

AbstractContamination of public water ways with sewage represents a serious environmental and health risk. We monitored pollution of the river Thames by enumerating the indicator organism Escherichia coli. Samples were taken from a site in central London near Waterloo Bridge in different seasons. E. coli were quantified using a membrane filtration method, and correlated with the tidal variations of the river and meteorological data on rainfall and temperature. More frequent and severe incidents of pollution occurred in the autumn. Heavy rainfall resulted in sharp peaks of E. coli contamination that implies a potential increase of numbers of pathogenic micro‐organisms. Sixty percent of all samples were found to be in excess of the accepted upper limit of pollution set by European Union (EU) legislation for bathing water. This study demonstrated that frequent sewage pollution of the Thames results in high numbers of E. coli and incidents of detectable levels of pathogenic bacteria demonstrating the need for regular monitoring of bacterial pollution.
Plowing the Zen Field: Trends Since 1989 and Emerging Perspectives
Authors: Mohr Michel 
Published: February 2012

AbstractThis survey article focuses on the object and scope of Zen Studies, and on trends visible since 1989. It argues that scholarship about Chan, Zen, Chan, Seon, and Thiên should be more closely integrated with Buddhist Studies, and that the boundaries of this field need to be expanded. Critical and epistemologically aware scholarship only emerged in the 1990s. Hence, scholars need to make a concerted effort in devoting more attention to methodological issues. This in turn ought to be skillfully distilled to non‐academic audiences.
Patronage as a Model for Muslim–Jewish Relations in North Africa: Contributions of Anthropological Field Research and a Case from Libya
Authors: Goldberg Harvey E. 
Published: February 2012

AbstractHistorical research on Jewish and Christian minorities within the Muslim world typically refers to the notion of dhimmi in which religious tradition formulates the relations between Muslim rule and subjects. Rulers should protect the life and property of religious minorities, while members of these communities must accept certain restrictions appropriate to their status. During the second half of the 20th century, anthropologists in North Africa were able to directly observe and interpret Jewish–Muslim interaction among the dwindling number of Jews who still lived in the region. They were impressed by the ability of both Muslims and Jew to create individualized ties that crossed communal boundaries, and suggested that this type of interaction be understood in terms of patron–client relations. This paper explores and discusses this paradigm, and argues that webs of patronage should be seen as complementing the older scheme in which dhimmi status sets the parameters for viewing a person’s place in society, rather than providing an alternative to it. This elaborated perspective is exemplified with data from Jewish life in Libya.
The first cases of 2009 pandemic influenza A (H1N1) virus infection in the United States: a serologic investigation demonstrating early transmission
Authors: Fry Alicia M. , Hancock Kathy , Patel Minal , Gladden Matthew , Doshi Saumil , Blau Dianna M. , Sugerman David , Veguilla Vic , Lu Xiuhua , Noland Heather , Bai Yaohui , Maroufi Azarnoush , Kao Annie , Kriner Paula , Lopez Karla , Ginsberg Michele , Jain Seema , Olsen Sonja J. , Katz Jacqueline M. ,   for the Influenza Serology Working Group
Published: February 2012

Please cite this paper as: Fry et al. (2012) The first cases of 2009 pandemic influenza A (H1N1) virus infection in the United States: a serologic investigation demonstrating early transmission. Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses 6(3), e48–e53.Background  The first two laboratory‐confirmed cases of 2009 pandemic influenza A (H1N1) virus (H1N1pdm09) infection were detected in San Diego (SD) and Imperial County (IC) in southern California, April 2009.Objectives  To describe H1N1pdm09 infections and transmission early in the 2009 H1N1 pandemic.Patients/Methods  We identified index case‐patients from SD and IC with polymerase chain reaction (PCR)‐confirmed H1N1pdm09 infections and investigated close contacts for a subset of case‐patients from April 17–May 6, 2009. Acute and convalescent serum was collected. Serologic evidence for H1N1pdm09 infection was determined by microneutralization and hemagglutination inhibition assays.Results  Among 75 close contacts of seven index case‐patients, three reported illness onset prior to patient A or B, including two patient B contacts and a third with no links to patient A or B. Among the 69 close contacts with serum collected >14 days after the onset of index case symptoms, 23 (33%) were seropositive for H1N1pdm09, and 8 (35%) had no fever, cough, or sore throat. Among 15 household contacts, 8 (53%) were seropositive for H1N1pdm09. The proportion of contacts seropositive for H1N1pdm09 was highest in persons aged 5–24 years (50%) and lowest in persons aged ≥50 years (13%) (P = 0·07).Conclusions  By the end of April 2009, before H1N1pdm09 was circulating widely in the community, a third of persons with close contact to confirmed H1N1pdm09 cases had H1N1pdm09 infection in SD and IC. Three unrelated clusters during March 21–30 suggest that transmission of H1N1pdm09 had begun earlier in southern California.
Inactivation of E. coli O157:H7 on Blueberries by Electrolyzed Water, Ultraviolet Light, and Ozone
Authors: Kim Chyer , Hung Yen‐Con 
Published: February 2012

Abstract:  Increased interest in blueberries due to their nutritional and health benefits has led to an increase in consumption. However, blueberries are consumed mostly raw or minimally processed and are susceptible to microbial contamination like other type of fresh produce. This study was, therefore, undertaken to evaluate the efficacy of electrostatic spray of electrolyzed oxidizing (EO) water, UV light, ozone, and a combination of ozone and UV light in killing Escherichia coli O157:H7 on blueberries. A 5‐strain mixture of E. coli O157:H7 were inoculated on the calyx and skin of blueberries and then subjected to the treatments. Electrostatic EO water spray reduced initial populations of E. coli O157:H7 by only 0.13 to 0.24 log CFU/g and 0.88 to 1.10 log CFU/g on calyx and skin of blueberries, respectively. Ozone treatment with 4000 mg/L reduced E. coli O157:H7 by only 0.66 and 0.72 log CFU/g on calyx and skin of blueberries, respectively. UV light at 20 mW/cm2 for 10 min was the most promising single technology and achieved 2.14 and greater than 4.05 log reductions of E. coli O157:H7 on the calyx and skin of blueberries, respectively. The combination treatment of 1 min ozone and followed by a 2 min UV achieved more than 1 and 2 log additional reductions on blueberry calyx than UV or ozone alone, respectively.Practical Application:  Outbreaks of foodborne illnesses have been associated with consumption of fresh produce. Many methods for removing pathogens as well as minimizing their effect on quality of treated produce have been investigated. UV technology and its combination with ozone used in this study to inactive E. coli O157:H7 on blueberries was found effective. Results from this study may help producers and processors in developing hurdle technologies for the delivery of safer blueberries to consumers.
Assessment of Different Dietary Fibers (Tomato Fiber, Beet Root Fiber, and Inulin) for the Manufacture of Chopped Cooked Chicken Products
Authors: Cava Ramón , Ladero Luis , Cantero V. , Rosario Ramírez M. 
Published: February 2012

Abstract:  Three dietary fibers (tomato fiber [TF], beet root fiber [BRF], and inulin) at 3 levels of addition (1%, 2%, and 3%) were assessed for the manufacture of chopped, cooked chicken products and compared with a control product without fiber added. The effect of fiber incorporation on (i) batters, (ii) cooked (30 min at 70 °C), and (iii) cooked and stored (for 10 d at 4 °C) chicken products were studied. The addition of the fiber to chicken meat products reduced the pH of chicken batters in proportional to the level of fiber addition. Fiber incorporation increased water‐holding capacity but only the addition of TF reduced cook losses. The color of batters and cooked products was significantly modified by the type and level of fiber added. These changes were more noticeable when TF was added. Texture parameters were affected by the incorporation of TF and BRF; they increased the hardness in proportional to the level of addition. The addition of tomato and BRF to chicken meat products reduced lipid oxidation processes. These changes were dependent on the level of fiber added. The reduction of lipid oxidation processes was more marked in TF meat products than in products with other types of fibers. In contrast, the addition level of inulin increased TBA‐RS numbers in chicken meat products. Although the addition of TF increased the redness of the meat products, the use of this fiber was more suitable as it reduced the extent of lipid oxidation processes.Industrial Application:  Nowadays, the reduction of fat and the increase of fiber content in meat products is one of the main goals of meat industry. Numerous sources of fiber can be added to the meat products; however, before that it is necessary to study their technological effect on raw and cooked meat products in order to evaluate their suitability for meat products manufacture. In addition, some of them could have beneficial effect on meat products conservation that could also increase their shelf life.
Role of Peroxyacetic Acid, Octanoic Acid, Malic Acid, and Potassium Lactate on the Microbiological and Instrumental Color Characteristics of Ground Beef
Authors: Mohan Anand , Pohlman F. W. , McDaniel J. A. , Hunt M. C. 
Published: February 2012

Abstract:  This study evaluated the effects of peroxyacetic acid (PAA), malic acid (MA), octanoic acid (OA), and potassium lactate (KL) followed by mixing with trisodium phosphate (TSP) and an ultra‐chilled CO2 snow shower on microbial counts of Escherichia coli (EC), coliform (CF), aerobic plate count (APC), and Salmonella Typhimurium (ST) on inoculated beef trimmings and the instrumental color attributes of the resultant ground beef. Beef trimmings inoculated with EC and ST were treated with either 0.02% PAA; 2% MA; 0.04% OA; or 2% KL, followed by mixing with 10% TSP and rapid chilling with CO2 snow shower. Treated trimmings were then ground, packaged, displayed under simulated retail conditions, and sampled on days 1, 2, 3, 5, and 7 for microbial counts and instrumental color characteristics. PAA, MA, OA, and KL reduced (P < 0.05) the microbial counts of EC, CF, APC, and ST during display. Among treatments, OA was most effective on EC, CF, ST, and APC during retail display. Chilling beef trimmings with CO2 improved instrumental color characteristics of the produced ground beef but made little difference in reducing microbial counts during display. During retail display, ground beef produced from beef trimmings treated with antimicrobials tended to maintain redness, myoglobin redox form stability (630 nm/580 nm), and overall instrumental color characteristics.Practical Application:  This research provides a practical and cost‐effective decontamination technology for beef processors that can be immediately implemented in the ground beef production chain. Using antimicrobial intervention coupled with rapid chilling could benefit the meat industry by preserving the quality attributes of ground beef during retail display under aerobic packaging environment.