bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Longitudinal study of the uterine body and cavity with three‐dimensional ultrasonography in the puerperium
Authors: BELACHEW JOHANNA , AXELSSON OVE , MULIC‐LUTVICA AJLANA , EURENIUS KARIN 
Published: April 2012

Abstract Objective. To describe uterine involution in the puerperium with three‐dimensional ultrasound. Design. Prospective, longitudinal study. Setting. Fetal medicine unit, department of obstetrics and gynecology, university referral hospital, Uppsala, Sweden. Population. Fifty women with uncomplicated deliveries and puerperium between February 2009 and February 2010. Methods. Three‐dimensional ultrasound was used to measure the uterine body and cavity volumes. The volume data set was analysed using virtual organ computer‐aided analysis (VOCAL) with a 30 degree rotation step. Measurements were performed transabdominally on days 1, 7 and 14 and transvaginally on days 28 and 56 postpartum. Parity, gestational age, birthweight, smoking, breastfeeding and blood loss were recorded. Main outcome measures. Uterine body and cavity volumes. Results. Median uterine body volume was 756 cm3 on day 1, 440 cm3 on day 7, 253 cm3 on day 14, 125 cm3 on day 28 and 68 cm3 on day 56. Median cavity volume was 22 cm3 on day 1, 18 cm3 on day 7, 6 cm3 on day 14, 1 cm3 on day 28 and not measurable on day 56. The interindividual variation of uterine body and cavity volumes was most pronounced on day 1 and decreased throughout the observation period. Intrauterine content was found in 36% of the women on day 1, 95% on day 7, 87% on day 14 and 28% on day 28. Conclusions. Three‐dimensional ultrasound is a non‐invasive tool suitable for measurement of the uterine body and cavity volumes during the puerperium. The volumes decreased in a similar pattern in the study population.
A clinical‐pathological review of hidradenitis suppurativa: using immunohistochemistry one disease becomes two
Authors: FISMEN SILJE , INGVARSSON GISLI , MOSENG DAGFINN , NATHALIE DUFOUR DEIRDRE , JØRGENSEN LEIF 
Published: April 2012

Fismen S, Ingvarsson G, Moseng D, Dufour ND, Jørgensen L. A clinical‐pathological review of hidradenitis suppurativa: Using immunohistochemistry one disease becomes two. APMIS 2012; 120: 433–40.We report the results of a re‐examination of a series of 57 biopsies from 50 patients with the clinical diagnosis of hidradenitis suppurativa, submitted to the Department of Pathology at the University Hospital of Northern Norway, Tromsø, Norway. The biopsy material came from hospitals and physicians all over northern Norway in the years 2000–2007. All tissue material was resectioned and stained with the immunohistochemical reagent, cytokeratin (AE1/AE3/PKC26), and that made it possible to divide the material into two different disease categories: (1) 36 biopsies from 30 cases had tissue inflammation after rupture of keratin‐rich epidermal cysts, which we call ‘horny cell inflammation’, followed by extensive cutaneous thrombi and infarcts, and (2) 21 biopsies from 20 cases had ‘apocrinitis’ defined here as an inflammatory destruction of apocrine skin glands, and partly of close eccrine glands. The two disease populations differed: the patients with a diagnosis of horny cell inflammation were younger and mainly women; those with a diagnosis of apocrinitis, as defined here, were older, men and women equally represented.
Improved collision strengths and line ratios for forbidden [O iii] far-infrared and optical lines
Authors: Palay Ethan , Nahar Sultana N. , Pradhan Anil K. , Eissner Werner 
Published: April 2012

ABSTRACT
Far-infrared and optical [O iii] lines are useful temperature–density diagnostics of nebular as well as dust obscured astrophysical sources. Fine-structure transitions among the ground state levels 1 s22 s22 p33 P 0,1,2 give rise to the 52- and 88-m lines, whereas transitions among the 3 P 0,1,2, 1 D 2, 1 S 0 levels yield the well-known optical lines λλ4363, 4959 and 5007 Å. These lines are excited primarily by electron impact excitation. However, despite their importance in nebular diagnostics collision strengths for the associated fine-structure transitions have not been computed taking full account of relativistic effects. We present Breit–Pauli R-matrix calculations for the collision strengths with highly resolved resonance structures. We find significant differences of up to 20 per cent in the Maxwellian averaged rate coefficients from previous works. We also tabulate these to lower temperatures down to 100 K to enable determination of physical conditions in cold dusty environments such photodissociation regions and ultraluminous infrared galaxies observed with the Herschel Space Observatory. We also examine the effect of improved collision strengths on temperature- and density-sensitive line ratios.
Physical Activity Energy Expenditure in Dutch Adolescents: Contribution of Active Transport to School, Physical Education, and Leisure Time Activities
Authors: Slingerland Menno , Borghouts Lars B. , Hesselink Matthijs K. C. 
Published: April 2012

BACKGROUND: Detailed knowledge about physical activity energy expenditure (PAEE) can guide the development of school interventions aimed at reducing overweight in adolescents. However, relevant components of PAEE have never been objectively quantified in this population. This study investigated the contribution of active transport to and from school, physical education (PE), and leisure time activities to total PAEE during a regular school week in adolescents.METHODS: Seventy‐three adolescents (mean age: 15.7 years) wore an individually calibrated combined heart rate‐acceleration monitor and kept an activity diary during a regular school week. Branched equation modeling was used to calculate PAEE of the specific activity categories, and their relative contribution to total PAEE was determined.RESULTS: Active transport and PE contributed 30.0% and 17.4%, respectively, to school‐related PAEE. Active transport to and from school contributed 15% to total PAEE. Youth with a high physical activity level (PAL) spent 4 hours less in sedentary behavior than subjects with a medium or low PAL (F = 77.415 (2.70), p < .001) and had higher PAEE during leisure time sports (F = 9.135 (2.70), p < .001) and work‐related activities (F = 10.583 (2.70), p < .001) than youth with medium or low PAL values.CONCLUSIONS: Active transport and PE contribute significantly to PAEE during school hours in adolescents. To achieve an increase in total PAEE in the least active group of adolescents, promising strategies might be to reduce inactive behavior, increase participation in leisure time sports, and possibly to replace inactive for active jobs.
Geriatric nursing assessment and intervention in an emergency department: a pilot study
Authors: Rosted Elizabeth , Wagner Lis , Hendriksen Carsten , Poulsen Ingrid 
Published: April 2012

rosted e., wagner l., hendriksen c. & poulsen i. (2012) Geriatric nursing assessment and intervention in an emergency department: a pilot study. International Journal of Older People Nursing7, 141–151  doi: 10.1111/j.1748‐3743.2012.00323.xAim.  To describe and test a model for structured nursing assessment and intervention to older people discharged from emergency department (ED).Background.  Older people recently discharged from hospital are at high risk of readmission. This risk may increase when they are discharged straight home from an ED as time pressure requires staff to focus on the presenting problem although many have complex, unresolved, care needs.Method.  A prospective descriptive pilot study was conducted. Older people aged 70 and over and at risk of adverse health and functional outcome were included. Intervention: At discharge, and at 1 and 6 months follow‐up, a brief standardised nursing assessment (ISAR 2) developed by McCusker et al. was carried out. The focus was on unresolved problems that required medical or nursing intervention, new or different home care services or comprehensive geriatric assessment. After assessment, the nurse made relevant referrals to the geriatric outpatient clinic, community health centre, general practitioner or made arrangements with next of kin.Results.  One hundred and fifty people participated, mean age was 81.7. At discharge, they had a mean of 1.9 unresolved problems, after 1 month 0.8, and after 6 months 0.4. Older people receiving home care services increased from 79% at discharge to 89% at 1 month and 90% at 6 months follow‐up.Conclusion.  ISAR 2 works well in a Danish ED setting and intercepts older peoples’ problems. It seems that unresolved problems decrease when a nurse assesses and intervenes at discharge from ED, and at follow‐up. However, a randomised controlled test should be carried out to confirm this.Implications for practice.  Nursing assessment and intervention should be implemented in the ED to reduce older peoples’ unrevealed problems.
Avian influenza in shorebirds: experimental infection of ruddy turnstones (Arenaria interpres) with avian influenza virus
Authors: Hall Jeffrey S. , Krauss Scott , Franson J. Christian , TeSlaa Joshua L. , Nashold Sean W. , Stallknecht David E. , Webby Richard J. , Webster Robert G. 
Published: April 2012

Please cite this paper as: Hall et al. (2012) Avian influenza in shorebirds: experimental infection of ruddy turnstones (Arenaria interpres) with avian influenza virus. Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses DOI: 10.1111/j.1750‐2659.2012.00358.x.Background  Low pathogenic avian influenza viruses (LPAIV) have been reported in shorebirds, especially at Delaware Bay, USA, during spring migration. However, data on patterns of virus excretion, minimal infectious doses, and clinical outcome are lacking. The ruddy turnstone (Arenaria interpres) is the shorebird species with the highest prevalence of influenza virus at Delaware Bay.Objectives  The primary objective of this study was to experimentally assess the patterns of influenza virus excretion, minimal infectious doses, and clinical outcome in ruddy turnstones.Methods  We experimentally challenged ruddy turnstones using a common LPAIV shorebird isolate, an LPAIV waterfowl isolate, or a highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza virus. Cloacal and oral swabs and sera were analyzed from each bird.Results  Most ruddy turnstones had pre‐existing antibodies to avian influenza virus, and many were infected at the time of capture. The infectious doses for each challenge virus were similar (103·6–104·16 EID50), regardless of exposure history. All infected birds excreted similar amounts of virus and showed no clinical signs of disease or mortality. Influenza A‐specific antibodies remained detectable for at least 2 months after inoculation.Conclusions  These results provide a reference for interpretation of surveillance data, modeling, and predicting the risks of avian influenza transmission and movement in these important hosts.
Increased reactions to pediatric influenza vaccination following concomitant pneumococcal vaccination
Authors: Van Buynder Paul G. , Frosst Gillian , Van Buynder Jan L. , Tremblay Francios‐William , Ross Alie , Jardine Claire , Fei Bao Gang 
Published: April 2012

Please cite this paper as: Van Buynder et al. (2013). Increased reactions to pediatric influenza vaccination following concomitant pneumococcal vaccination Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses 7(2) 184–190.Background  Influenza in children causes significant morbidity and hospitalizations and also some mortality particularly in children <5 years of age. Influenza vaccination in children has been shown to be safe and effective, but in 2010 the pediatric influenza vaccination program was suspended in Western Australia after the rate of febrile convulsions observed (9/1000 doses) was 55 times the previously reported rate.In 2009, over 80% of all children in New Brunswick were vaccinated with an adjuvanted monovalent H1N1 vaccine shown to have very high effectiveness, raising the prospect of potential hyper‐responsiveness because of residual protection. We conducted enhanced post‐marketing surveillance to monitor local and general reactions.Methods  Parents of participating children seen at dedicated vaccination clinics were given influenza vaccine survey kits to record local and general symptoms up to 3 days following receipt of season influenza vaccine.Results  Febrile reactions of ≥38° occurred in <10% of children who received a first dose of seasonal influenza vaccine (n = 660) and severe febrile incidents with fever ≥39° were uncommon. Concurrent administration of other vaccine(s) including conjugated pneumococcal vaccine appeared to increase reactogenicity. No child in the study had a febrile convulsion.Conclusion  Influenza vaccines in children are safe, and this study provides a baseline for rapid assessment studies at the start of a vaccine season. Parents should be aware of increased fevers with concurrent vaccine administration, and antipyretics should be considered.
Malformations of Cortical Development
Authors: Aronica Eleonora , Becker Albert J. , Spreafico Roberto 
Published: April 2012

AbstractStructural abnormalities of the brain are increasingly recognized in patients that suffer from pharmacoresistant focal epilepsies by applying high‐resolution imaging techniques. In many of these patients, epilepsy surgery results in control of seizures. Neuropathologically, a broad spectrum of malformations of cortical development (MCD) is observed in respective surgical brain samples. These samples provide a unique basis to further understand underlying pathomechanisms by molecular approaches and develop improved diagnostics and entirely new therapeutic perspectives. Here we provide a comprehensive description of neuropathological findings, available classification systems as well as molecular mechanisms of MCDs. We emphasize the recently published ILEA classification system for focal cortical dysplasias (FCDs), which are now histopathologically distinguished as types I to III. However, this revised classification system represents a major challenge for molecular neuropathologists, as the underlying pathomechanisms in virtually all FCD entities will need to be specified in detail. The fact that only recently, the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR)‐antagonist Everolimus has been introduced as a treatment of epilepsies in the context of tuberous sclerosis‐associated brain lesions is a striking example of a successful translational “bedside to bench and back” approach. Hopefully, the exciting clinico‐pathological developments in the field of MCDs will in short term foster further therapeutic breakthroughs for the frequently associated medically refractory epilepsies.
Fatty Acid Composition of 12 Fish Species  from the Black Sea
Authors: C huang L.‐T. , Bülbül U. , Wen P.‐C. , Glew R.H. , Ayaz F.A. 
Published: April 2012

Abstract:  The long‐chain polyunsaturated fatty acids docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) are healthful to humans, particularly in promoting growth and cognitive development in infants and young children, and in reducing the risk of cardiovascular disease. Though the populations who inhabit the Trabzon province of Turkey include seafood from the Black Sea in their diet, knowledge of the fatty acid composition and content of these fish is scant. Fatty acid analysis was performed on freeze‐dried muscle tissue of 12 species of fish purchased in markets in Trabzon. The fat content varied from 0.2% (garfish) to 12% (shad) of dry weight. The highest DHA and DHA plus EPA contents were found in horse mackerel 16.1 and 20.6 mg/g dry weight, respectively. Only in sea bass and sea bream did the essential fatty acid linoleic acid account for more than 10% of the fatty acid total. For all 12 species, arachidonic acid accounted for 0.09% to 7.64% of the fatty acid total. Oleic acid varied greatly from 0.14% (garfish) to 32.7% (shad). The omega‐3/omega‐6 fatty acid ratio ranged from 0.8 to 25. A 100 g serving of fresh horse mackerel would contribute 586 mg of DHA to the diet, which exceeds the recommended daily intake of 200 to 300 mg of DHA for pregnant and lactating women. These data indicate that some, but not all, of the 12 fish species from the Black Sea fish we studied could contribute significantly to satisfy the DHA and EPA needs of the inhabitants of the eastern Black Sea region of Turkey.Practical Application:  The information in the present paper will be of practical value from a health perspective for populations who consume these fish and for food producers, as well as scholars interested in fishery and aquaculture and biodiversity and marine ecology when we consider an increasing pollution of our marine ecosystem in our green planet.
High cyanobacterial nifH gene diversity in Arctic seawater and sea ice brine
Authors: Díez Beatriz , Bergman Birgitta , Pedrós‐Alió Carlos , Antó Meritxell , Snoeijs Pauline 
Published: April 2012

SummaryAlthough cyanobacterial diazotrophs are common in Arctic terrestrial and freshwater habitats, they have been assumed to be absent from Arctic marine habitats. We report here a high diversity of cyanobacterial nifH genes in Fram Strait and the Greenland Sea. The nifH gene encodes the iron protein of the nitrogenase enzyme complex, which is essential for biological N2 fixation. Using primers specific for nifH genes we uncovered communities of autotrophic and heterotrophic bacteria in sea ice brine and seawater between latitudes 65 and 81°N. Cyanobacteria (Oscillatoriales and Chroococcales) with known marine planktonic and benthic distributions were distinguished, alongside a mix of metabolically versatile eubacteria (nifH Clusters I and III). Using primers selective for cyanobacterial nifH genes we identified filamentous non‐heterocystous Trichodesmium‐like and LPP (Leptolyngbya, Phormidium and Plectonema)‐like Oscillatoriales, as well as Cyanothece‐like Chroococcales in a brine sample from 81°N. The occurrence of Trichodesmium‐like cyanobacteria was further confirmed by sequences of the hetR gene of Trichodesmium. Microscopic examinations confirmed the presence of viable filamentous and unicellular cyanobacteria. Our results reveal the potential for microbial N2 fixation in the Arctic seas. However, it is still left to determine if these genes are also metabolically active before any biogeochemical importance of diazotrophy in the polar oceans can be assessed.
A comparative analysis of the accuracy of different direct impression techniques for multiple implants
Authors: Öngül D , Gökçen‐Röhlig B , Şermet B , Keskin H 
Published: April 2012

AbstractBackground:  The aim of this study was to compare the accuracy of different direct implant impression techniques for edentulous arches with multiple implants.Methods: Five experimental groups (n = 5) were assembled. Experimental models were created by a direct splinted technique (EG2 to EG5) and a non‐splinted technique (EG1). In EG2 and EG3 synOcta impression copings were splinted with an acrylic resin bar, and in EG4 and EG5 with a light‐curing composite resin bar. In EG3 and EG5 the resin bars were sectioned, while the other experimental groups were not. Three‐dimensional discrepancies were measured by a computerized coordinate measuring machine. Distortion values among the groups were analysed using one‐way repeated measures ANOVA. The post hoc Tukey’s test was then performed for multiple comparisons.Results: The highest accuracy was obtained in EG2 (mean deviation: 12.70 μm). The acrylic bars demonstrated less deviation (12.70 μm and 22.71 μm) from the master model than the light‐curing composite resin groups and the non‐splinted group (41.09 μm). The post hoc Tukey’s test showed no significant difference among the groups when the effect of splint design on accuracy was investigated.Conclusions: For situations where impressions of multiple implants are to be made, splinting impression copings with acrylic resin demonstrate superior results than the non‐splinted technique and splinting with light‐curing composite.
Older patient, physician and pharmacist perspectives about community pharmacists' roles
Authors: Tarn Derjung M , Paterniti Debora A , Wenger Neil S , Williams Bradley R , Chewning Betty A 
Published: April 2012

Abstract

Objectives
To investigate older patient, physician and pharmacist perspectives about the role of pharmacists in pharmacist-patient interactions.

Methods
Eight focus-group discussions were held in senior centres, community pharmacies and primary care physician offices. Participants were 42 patients aged 63 years and older, 17 primary care physicians and 13 community pharmacists. Qualitative analysis of the focus-group discussions was performed.

Key findings
Participants in all focus groups indicated that pharmacists are a good resource for basic information about medications. Physicians appreciated pharmacists' ability to identify drug interactions, yet did not comment on other specific aspects related to patient education and care. Physicians noted that pharmacists often were hindered by time constraints that impeded patient counselling. Both patient and pharmacist participants indicated that patients often asked pharmacists to expand upon, reinforce and explain physician–patient conversations about medications, as well as to evaluate medication appropriateness and physician treatment plans. These groups also noted that patients confided in pharmacists about medication-related problems before contacting physicians. Pharmacists identified several barriers to patient counselling, including lack of knowledge about medication indications and physician treatment plans.

Conclusions
Community-based pharmacists may often be presented with opportunities to address questions that can affect patient medication use. Older patients, physicians and pharmacists all value greater pharmacist participation in patient care. Suboptimal information flow between physicians and pharmacists may hinder pharmacist interactions with patients and detract from patient medication management. Interventions to integrate pharmacists into the patient healthcare team could improve patient medication management.
Analytical
Investigation of the Effects of Induction Motor Transients on Compressor Drive
Shafts
Authors: Srinivasan Anand 
Published: April 2012

Abstract
Centrifugal compressors driven by induction motors are most common in the turbomachinery industry. When sudden transients occur in the driver due to upsets in electrical supply to the motor, the air-gap torque generated by the motor undergoes a transient spike. This in turn gets transmitted through the coupling to the drive-shaft of the driven equipment, causing momentary high spikes in vibration that are torsional in nature, and can sometimes result in shaft torques that can create catastrophic damage to driven equipment components. In order to analytically predict these peak torques that can occur during transients, a complete drive-train torsional model needs to be created for the mechanical system, and the driving torque values need to be derived from the motor electrical system of equations. Various line faults are possible with induction motor driven equipment. A generalized analytical procedure based on motor electrical parameters to predict the peak shaft torques of compressor drive shafts is investigated in this paper. The effects of shaft transients due to 3-phase short circuits and reclosures are analyzed. The simulation has been performed for an industrial compressor train, and has been presented from a mechanical system point of view, rather than electrical. Comparisons and inferences are also made based on the simulation results.