bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Experimental and computational study of crystalline formic acid composed of the higher-energy conformer
Authors: Hakala Mikko , Marushkevich Kseniya , Khriachtchev Leonid , Hämäläinen Keijo , Räsänen Markku 
Published: February 2011

Crystalline formic acid (FA) is studied experimentally and by first-principles simulations in order to identify a bulk solid structure composed of the higher-energy (cis) conformer. In the experiments, deuterated FA (HCOOD) was deposited in a Ne matrix and transformed to the cis conformer by vibrational excitation of the ground state (trans) form. Evaporation of the Ne host above 13 K prepared FA in a bulk solid state mainly composed of cis-FA. Infrared absorption spectroscopy at 4.3 K shows that the obtained solid differs from that composed of trans-FA molecules and that the state persists up to the annealing temperature of at least 110 K. The first-principles simulations reveal various energetically stable periodic chain structures containing cis-FA conformers. These chain structures contain either purely cis or both cis and trans forms. The vibrational frequencies of the calculated structures were compared to the experiment and a tentative assignment is given for a novel solid composed of cis-FA.
Measurement of electron energy band structure in the valence band of MgO thin film with and without a sprayed functional layer by secondary electron emission from Auger neutralization
Authors: Choi Joon Ho , Son Chang Gil , Hong Young June , Park Byoung Choo , Uhm Han Sup , Choi Eun Ha 
Published: February 2011

Abstract
We have investigated the electron energy band structure of MgO thin film with and without a sprayed functional layer (FL), based on the Auger neutralization theory by a gamma-focused ion beam (γ-FIB) system. We have measured the secondary electron emission characteristics of MgO thin film with and without the sprayed FL, and from which their respective energy band structure f

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(α) functions have also been investigated by using an He ion beam with ionization energy 24.58 eV through Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) and inverse-Fast Fourier Transform (IFFT).
A new platform for RFID research in Vietnam
Authors: Tran Ai Nhan , Nguyen Son Dat , Thai Pham Duc Hoang , Nguyen Thuat Tran , Dang Chien Mau , Fribourg-Blanc Eric 
Published: February 2011

Abstract
Radio-Frequency IDentification (RFID) is a technology that has been emerging for less than a decade as the primary choice to exchange information between objects and their environment. Most of the challenges arise due to the passive nature of the tags placed on objects. The absence of a local power source implies that power management is critical for efficient work of the data exchange link. This paper presents the platform under development at the Laboratory for Nanotechnology to study these challenges. The primary goal of the platform is to implement the complete chain from design and simulation of tags to antenna measurements and field tests of tags through fabrication of real tags on flexible substrates. This structure allows for fundamental and practical studies of new concepts in sensing and wireless networks based on passive tags. A description of the actual achievements is also included.
The R2R3 MYB Transcription Factor DUO1 Activates a Male Germline-Specific Regulon Essential for Sperm Cell Differentiation inArabidopsis
Authors: Borg Michael , Brownfield Lynette , Khatab Hoda , Sidorova Anna , Lingaya Melanie , Twell David 
Published: February 2011

AbstractThe male germline in flowering plants arises through asymmetric division of a haploid microspore. The resulting germ cell undergoes mitotic division and specialization to produce the two sperm cells required for double fertilization. The male germline-specific R2R3 MYB transcription factor DUO1 POLLEN1 (DUO1) plays an essential role in sperm cell specification by activating a germline-specific differentiation program. Here, we show that ectopic expression of DUO1 upregulates a significant number (~63) of germline-specific or enriched genes, including those required for fertilization. We validated 14 previously unknown DUO1 target genes by demonstrating DUO1-dependent promoter activity in the male germline. DUO1 is shown to directly regulate its target promoters through binding to canonical MYB sites, suggesting that the DUO1 target genes validated thus far are likely to be direct targets. This work advances knowledge of the DUO1 regulon that encompasses genes with a range of cellular functions, including transcription, protein fate, signaling, and transport. Thus, the DUO1 regulon has a major role in shaping the germline transcriptome and functions to commit progenitor germ cells to sperm cell differentiation.
Identification of FOXP1 and SNX2 as novel ABL1 fusion partners in acute lymphoblastic leukaemia
Authors: Ernst Thomas , Score Joannah , Deininger Michael , Hidalgo‐Curtis Claire , Lackie Peter , Ershler William B. , Goldman John M. , Cross Nicholas C.P. , Grand FrancisH. 
Published: February 2011

SummaryWe have identified two novel ABL1 fusion genes in two patients with B‐cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) associated with a t(3;9)(p12;q34) and a t(5;9)(q23;q34), respectively. Molecular analysis revealed a FOXP1‐ABL1 fusion for the t(3;9) and a SNX2‐ABL1 fusion for the t(5;9). The fusions were confirmed by specific amplification of the genomic breakpoints using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. The identification of ALL with rare ABL1 fusion partners is important because the leukaemia may respond to tyrosine kinase inhibitors in the same way as ALL patients with a classical BCR‐ABL1 fusion gene.
TUMOUR NECROSIS FACTOR MICROSATELLITE ALLELES IN AN ITALIAN POPULATION
Authors: Ciusani E. , Salmaggi A. , Pociot F. , Nespolo A. , Sandberg‐Wollheim M. 
Published: February 2011

SUMMARYA non‐radioactive technique for the typing of tumour necrosis factor (TNF) microsatellite alleles has been applied in the study of an Italian population. The frequency of the TNFa10 allele was markedly increased compared with other European populations.
Effect of plant extracts on lipid oxidation during frozen storage of minced fish muscle
Authors: Özalp Özen Berna , Eren Mine , Pala Aslıhan , Özmen İlknur , Soyer Ayla 
Published: February 2011

SummaryThe aim of the study is to determine the effect of pomegranate seed extract (PSE) and grape seed extract (GSE) addition to chub mackerel minced muscle on lipid oxidation during frozen storage. Each extract was added to minced fish muscle at 2% concentration and then stored at −18 °C for 3 months. The effect of plant dietary fibres to control lipid oxidation was compared with untreated samples (control). Formation of lipid hydroperoxides and thiobarbituric acid‐reactive substances (TBARS) was significantly inhibited by PSE and GSE addition when compared with control. Both extracts significantly retarded lipid oxidation according to the results of TBARS. A significant reduction of L* (lightness), a* (redness) and b* (yellowness) values was detected during frozen storage. GSE added samples had the highest redness and the lowest lightness and yellowness. However, samples with PSE showed the lowest redness and highest yellowness and h° (hue angle) values. The results from this study suggest GSE is a very effective inhibitor of primary and secondary oxidation products in minced fish muscle and have a potential as a natural antioxidant to control lipid oxidation during frozen storage of fatty fish.
Engineering a future for amphibians under climate change
Authors: Shoo Luke P. , Olson Deanna H. , McMenamin Sarah K. , Murray Kris A. , Van Sluys Monique , Donnelly Maureen A. , Stratford Danial , Terhivuo Juhani , Merino‐Viteri Andres , Herbert Sarah M. , Bishop Phillip J. , Corn Paul Stephen , Dovey Liz , Griffiths Richard A. , Lowe Katrin , Mahony Michael , McCallum Hamish , Shuker Jonathan D. , Simpkins Clay , Skerratt Lee F. , Williams Stephen E. , Hero Jean‐Marc 
Published: February 2011

Summary 1. Altered global climates in the 21st century pose serious threats for biological systems and practical actions are needed to mount a response for species at risk. 2. We identify management actions from across the world and from diverse disciplines that are applicable to minimizing loss of amphibian biodiversity under climate change. Actions were grouped under three thematic areas of intervention: (i) installation of microclimate and microhabitat refuges; (ii) enhancement and restoration of breeding sites; and (iii) manipulation of hydroperiod or water levels at breeding sites. 3. Synthesis and applications. There are currently few meaningful management actions that will tangibly impact the pervasive threat of climate change on amphibians. A host of potentially useful but poorly tested actions could be incorporated into local or regional management plans, programmes and activities for amphibians. Examples include: installation of irrigation sprayers to manipulate water potentials at breeding sites; retention or supplementation of natural and artificial shelters (e.g. logs, cover boards) to reduce desiccation and thermal stress; manipulation of canopy cover over ponds to reduce water temperature; and, creation of hydrologoically diverse wetland habitats capable of supporting larval development under variable rainfall regimes. We encourage researchers and managers to design, test and scale up new initiatives to respond to this emerging crisis.
Sensitization profiles to purified plant food allergens among pediatric patients with allergy to banana
Authors: Palacin Arantxa , Quirce Santiago , Sanchez‐Monge Rosa , Bobolea Irina , Diaz‐Perales Araceli , Martin‐Muñoz Flora , Pascual Cristina , Salcedo Gabriel 
Published: February 2011

To cite this article: Palacin A, Quirce S, Sanchez‐Monge R, Bobolea I, Diaz‐Perales A, Martin‐Muñoz F, Pascual C, Salcedo G. Sensitization profiles to purified plant food allergens among pediatric patients with allergy to banana. Pediatr Allergy Immunol 2011; 22: 186–195.AbstractBanana fruit allergy is well known, but neither immunoglobulin E recognition patterns to purified plant food allergens nor true prevalences of putative banana allergens have been established. This study aimed to characterize β‐1,3‐glucanase and thaumatin‐like protein (TLP) as banana allergens, testing them, together with other plant food allergens, in 51 children with allergic reactions after banana ingestion and both positive specific IgE and skin prick test (SPT) to banana. Banana β‐1,3‐glucanase and TLP were isolated and characterized. Both banana allergens, together with kiwifruit TLP Act d 2, avocado class I chitinase Pers a 1, palm pollen profilin Pho d 2 and peach fruit lipid transfer protein (LTP) Pru p 3, were tested by in vitro and in vivo assays. Banana β‐1,3‐glucanase (Mus a 5) was glycosylated, whereas banana TLP (Mus a 4) was not, in contrast with its homologous kiwi allergen Act d 2. Specific IgE to both banana allergens, as well as to peach Pru p 3, was found in over 70% of sera from banana‐allergic children, and Mus a 4 and Pru p 3 provoked positive SPT responses in 6 of the 12 tested patients, whereas Mus a 5 in only one of them. Both peptidic epitopes and cross‐reactive carbohydrate determinants were involved in the IgE‐binding to Mus a 5, whereas cross‐reactivity between Mus a 4 and Act d 2 was only based on common IgE protein epitopes. Profilin Pho d 2 elicited a relevant proportion of positive responses on in vitro (41%) and in vivo (58%) tests. Therefore, Mus a 4 and LTP behave as major banana allergens in the study population, and profilin seems to be also a relevant allergen. Mus a 5 is an equivocal allergenic protein, showing high IgE‐binding to its attached complex glycan, and low in vivo potency.
Prehospital care, importance of early intervention on outcome
Authors: Regel Gerd , Stalp M. , Lehmann U. , Seekamp A. 
Published: February 2011

AbstractThe improvement of rescue systems and on‐scene therapy has lead to a significant reduction of early posttraumatic death. It was the goal of this study to critically analyse the value of prehospital care in respect to early but also to delayed complications (single=SOF or multiple organ failure= MOF) In a retrospective analysis 1223 polytraumatized patients treated during 1984 and 1994, with an injury severity of more than 20 points according to the Injury Severity Score =ISS, on‐scene therapy (“field stabilization”) was evaluated. We could show that a sufficient preclinical airway management has major influence on late prognosis (MOF). We therefore definitely recommend early intubation at the scene in these patients. The intravenous access at the emergency place is always necessary independant whether the patient is in hemorrhagic shock or not. Loss of time can increase shock mechanisms making intravenous access even more difficult. If there is already a peripheral vasoconstriction and the localisation of an peripheral vein renders more difficult, one possibility is a venae sectio to get safe access. Concerning the amount of preclinical infusion controverse opinions exist. Our evaluation could not give an satisfactory statement because of a differing high incidence of mass bleeding in the groups with low (<1000 ml) and high (>2000ml) preclinical infusion.The improvement of rescue systems and on‐scene therapy has lead to a significant reduction of early posttraumatic death. Especially in those injuries, that are directly associated with the development of early death, i.e. intracranial bleeding, massive hemorrhage from thoracic and intraabdominal lesions these regimens on scene improved survival significantly (Fig 1) (Trunkey 1983). Nevertheless it is still discussed whether a longer rescue time is then justified to intensify on scene therapyRecent publications demonstrate for instance that infusion therapy beginning on scene is not always necessary and sometimes especially in severe hemorrhagic shock can even aggrevate bleeding (Bickell 1989, Bickell 1991, Bickell 1993, Crawford 1991, Gross 1988, Stern 1993).On the other hand the value of on scene intubation and ventilation and chest tubing in these patients is critically discussed (Mattox 1989). Most of these studies however have their origin in the USA and are related exclusively to penetrating trauma (knife and gunshot wounds), which is completely different from underlying pathomechanisms (pure hemorrhagic shock). Only one reports of the same experience with blunt trauma (Barone 1986). Thus for severe blunt trauma the question is still open: “field stabilization” or “load and go” (Krausz 1992). A decision that always has to be related to the definite rescue time (Smith 1985).It was the goal of this study to critically analyse the value of prehospital care in respect to early but also to delayed complications (single=SOF or multiple organ failure= MOF)
Cytopathic hypoxia in sepsis
Authors: Fink Mitchell 
Published: February 2011

AbstractDiminished availability of oxygen at the cellular level might account for organ dysfunction in sepsis. Although the classical forms of tissue hypoxia due to hypoxemia, anemia, or inadequate perfusion all might be important under some conditions, it seems increasingly likely that a fourth mechanism, namely cytopathic hypoxia, might play a role as well. The term cytopathic hypoxia is used to denote diminished production of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) despite normal (or even supranormal) PO2 values in the vicinity of mitochondria within cells. At least in theory, cytopathic hypoxia could be a consequence of several different (but mutually compatible) pathogenic mechanisms, including diminished delivery of a key substrate (e.g., pyruvate) into the mitochondrial tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, inhibition of key mitochondrial enzymes involved in either the TCA cycle or the electron transport chain, activation of the enzyme, poly‐(ADP)‐ribosylpolymerase (PARP), or collapse of the protonic gradient across the inner mitochondrial membrane leading to uncoupling of oxidation (of NADH and FADH) from phosphorylation of ADP to form ATP. Tantalizing, but limited, data support the view that cytopathic hypoxia occurs in both animals and patients with sepsis or endotoxemia.
Transgenic analysis of central nervous system development and regeneration
Authors: Lendahl Urban 
Published: February 2011

AbstractThe transgenic technique allows specific genetic alterations to be made in all cells of an animal and this has greatly improved our understanding of how the embryonic and adult central nervous system (CNS) develop. The CNS originates from the neuroectoderm in the neural plate on the dorsal side of the embryo and after closure of the neural tube the cells of the neuroepithelium, i.e. the CNS stem cells, transiently proliferate to generate neurons and glial cells. Here we review our attempts to gain insights into the control of CNS development.We have identified a gene, nestin, which is predominantly expressed in embryonic and adult CNS stem cells. In addition to its normal expression in the CNS stem cells, nestin is reexpressed in CNS tumors and in the adult spinal cord and brain after CNS injury. By using the lacZ reporter gene assay in transgenic mice, we have identified regulatory regions (enhancer) in the nestin gene required for expression in embryonic CNS stem cells and in the adult spinal cord after injury.In a second project, we have cloned and characterized the Notch gene family (the Notch 1, 2 and 3 genes) in mouse and man. These genes encode transmembrane receptors, which appear to be key regulatory molecules for proliferation and differentaition both in the developing CNS and in other tissues. Expression of an activated form of the Notch 3 receptor from the nestin promoter in transgenic mice leads to a lethal, exencephaly‐like phenotype in the embryo, probably as a result of excess proliferation of the CNS stem cells. The recent finding that the Notch 3 gene is the genetic cause for familial stroke is discussed in the context of current models for Notch function.
Adenosine for pain control
Authors: Sollevi Alf 
Published: February 2011

AbstractThe antinociceptive actions of adenosine and adenosine analogs in animal models has been known for more than 10 years. The recent development with regard to the pain modulatory effects of adenosine, primarily in clinical studies, has generated a renewed interest in this principle for pain control. This review summarizes the current knowledge in adenosine mediated pain modulation in acute and chronic conditions, with focus on studies in man.The endogenous compound adenosine has various modulatory effects in the peripheral and central nervous system, mediated through specific cell‐surface associated receptors. The current view is that adenosine receptors of the A1‐subtype are associated with a modulatory effect on pain transmission at spinal cord level. Animal studies have repeatedly demonstrated adenosine‐ and adenosine analog mediated inhibitory influences on presumed nociceptive reflex responses (1, 2). These examinations in rodents have tested acute pain models involving tactile, pressure and heat stimulations. More recently, animal lesion models presumably reflecting chronic pain, has shown that adenosine analogs can suppress nociceptive behaviour both by systemic and intrathecal (i.t.) administration (3,4). Consequently, there is substantial evidence that adenosine can modulate nociceptive input. Further, it has been proposed that endogenous adenosine formation is involved in physiological pain control at the spinal cord level and that its release is involved in the action of opioid antinociception (1).Clinical studies have revealed that adenosine administration by bolus injection or by infusion at doses above 70 μg × kg−1 × min−1 is associated with pain symptoms from different parts of the body. This algogenic effect of higher doses of adenosine is probably related to sensitization/activation of peripheral nociceptive afferents (5).
Ireland’s IBC/05 Administrative Scheme for Immigrant Residency, the Separation of Families and the Creation of a Transnational Familial Imaginary
Authors: Coakley Liam , Healy Claire 
Published: February 2011

AbstractThis paper reports on the experiences of one particular group of immigrants to Ireland ‐‐ the parents of Irish citizen children, whose residency is dependent on an ongoing, renewable form of residential status called IBC/05. This residency status was instituted in response to the constitutional changes that arose in the aftermath of Ireland’s 2004 citizenship referendum.While this status category is valued in the short‐term, we contend that immigrants whose residence in Ireland is dependent on this status are effectively living in‐between their countries of origin and Ireland as a result of legislative specificities that separate their families and create an air of uncertainty about the continuance of the status category in the longer term.Immigrants with IBC/05 status operate across a number of transnational familial fields. Transnational economic fields are reinforced by immigrants’ need to finance the lives of family members still resident in their country of origin but a range of hybridised personal and familial identity spaces are created outside this economic pattern and the experience of life in Ireland is anchored in the imaginaries that spring from such transnationalised experiences. Importantly, however, we find that this transnationalism is not operationalised “from below” in this instance but “from above” by the Irish state through the emphasis it places on this form of long‐term temporary residency.
Overview of clinical experience with methylprednisolone aceponate
Authors: Marks R. 
Published: February 2011

AbstractMethylprednisolone aceponate is a new potent topical corticosteroid. Chemically it is a corticoid diester that rapidly penetrates the skin. It is rapidly metabolised and then conjugated so that although potent, it does not appear to cause serious local or systemic side effects. Clinical trials indicate that once daily applications are sufficient to control most eczematous disorders and that it is suitable and effective in atopic dermatitis.
Long‐term treatment with 6α‐methylprednisolone aceponate
Authors: Haneke Eckart 
Published: February 2011

AbstractAim 6α‐Methylprednisolone aceponate (MPA) is a new steroid double ester for topical use, the potent action and lack of untoward side‐effects of which became evident in two different studies.Background Recent studies have proved the concept that MPA is both potent and extremely well tolerated when used for a relatively short time.Methods Two multicentre studies on patients with steroid responsive dermatoses using either MPA fatty ointment (n = 66) or MPA in a vehicle individually adapted to the patients' skin condition (n = 256) were conducted over a maximum of 4 and 6 months, respectively. Plasma Cortisol levels were determined in study I (n = 45) to reveal potential systemic effects.Results Complete healing and marked improvement were achieved in 86 % of 322 patients. There were no systemic side effects and no significant alteration in plasma Cortisol levels during and after treatment. Minor temporary local side effects were observed in 7%.Conclusion MPA (Advantan) is a potent antiinflammatory topical steroid virtually devoid of systemic adverse effects and with a low incidence of local side‐effects.