bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analisis Kausalitas Antara Korupsi, Investasi, Pengangguran dan Pertumbuhan Ekonomi
Authors: Haldi Muhammad 
Published: May 2024

This study analyzes the causality and short-term and long-term relationships between corruption, investment, unemployment, and per capita economic growth in twenty-two Asia-Pacific countries from 2012 to 2020. This study uses the Granger causality approach and the Vector Error Correction Model to answer the problem in this study. The empirical results show that corruption and per capita economic growth has a two-way causality, and the unemployment rate and per capita economic growth only have a one-way causality. On the other hand, the rest have no causal relationship. In the short term, corruption does not significantly affect per capita economic growth and unemployment. However, significant and negative in influencing the level of investment. Meanwhile, in the long term, corruption significantly and negatively affects economic growth per capita. The level of investment and unemployment has a significant and positive effect on economic growth per capita. Therefore, corruption is an obstacle to economic growth and not a "lubricant."

Studi ini menganalisis kausalitas dan hubungan jangka pendek dan jangka panjang antara korupsi, investasi, pengangguran, dan pertumbuhan ekonomi per kapita di dua puluh dua negara Asia-Pasifik dari tahun 2012 hingga 2020. Studi ini menggunakan pendekatan kausalitas Granger dan Vector Error Correction Model untuk menjawab permasalahan dalam penelitian ini. Hasil empiris menunjukkan bahwa korupsi dan pertumbuhan ekonomi per kapita memiliki kausalitas dua arah, sedangkan tingkat pengangguran dan pertumbuhan ekonomi per kapita hanya memiliki kausalitas satu arah. Di sisi lain, sisanya tidak memiliki hubungan sebab akibat. Dalam jangka pendek, korupsi tidak secara signifikan mempengaruhi pertumbuhan ekonomi per kapita dan pengangguran. Namun, signifikan dan negatif dalam mempengaruhi tingkat investasi. Sementara itu, dalam jangka panjang, korupsi secara signifikan dan negatif mempengaruhi pertumbuhan ekonomi per kapita. Tingkat investasi dan pengangguran berpengaruh signifikan dan positif terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi per kapita. Oleh karena itu, korupsi merupakan penghambat pertumbuhan ekonomi dan bukan "pelumas".
Analisis Investasi dan Peran Teknologi Informasi Terhadap Pembangunan Ekonomi Inklusif di Jawa Timur
Authors: Prawesti Rivalda Putri 
Published: May 2024

The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of investment and information technology on inclusive economic development in East Java. This research method is a quantitative research method by taking statistical data from BPS and Bappenas. Data collection used documentation techniques, namely collecting, recording and reviewing documents regarding data from the Central Statistics Agency and the National Development Planning Agency (Bappenas) for 2016-2021 which were taken directly from the BPS and Bappenas websites. Normality test, multiple linear regression analysis and regression coefficient significance test were performed as data analysis techniques. The results of the partial model test show that investment has a positive and significant effect on inclusive economic development. Meanwhile, information technology has a positive and significant effect on inclusive economic development. Simultaneous testing of the model shows that investment and information technology have a significant effect on inclusive economic development.

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh investasi dan teknologi informasi terhadap pembangunan ekonomi inklusif di Jawa Timur. Metode penelitian ini adalah metode penelitian kuantitatif dengan pengambilan data statistik yang berasal dari BPS dan Bappenas. Pengambilan data menggunakan teknik dokumentasi yaitu mengumpulkan, mencatat dan mengkaji dokumen-dokumen tentang data Badan Pusat Statistik dan Badan Perencanaan Pembangunan Nasional (Bappenas) tahun 2016-2021 yang diambil secara langsung dari web BPS dan Bappenas. Uji Normalitas, Analisis regresi linier berganda dan uji signifikansi koefisien regresi dilakukan sebagai teknik analisis data. Hasil uji model parsial menunjukkan bahwa investasi berpengaruh positif dan signifkan terhadap pembangunan ekonomi inklusif. Sementara itu, teknologi informasi berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap pembangunan ekonomi inklusif. Pengujian model secara simultan menunjukkan bahwa investasi dan teknologi informasi berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap pembangunan ekonomi inklusif.
Analisis Pengaruh Modal, Lama Jam Kerja, dan Jumlah Barang Terjual Terhadap Pendapatan Pasca Revitalisasi Pasar Jatirogo
Authors: Suryani Dina Feri 
Published: May 2024

Income is an important component of trading activites especially in traditional markets. In this study aims to see how much the impact of capital, length of working hours, and sales volume on the traders income is. This quantitative research types uses cross section of 30 traders in 2022 with the Ordinary Least Square (OLS) technique in the multiple linear regeression model. The result of the research showed that capital, length of working hours, and sales volume had a positive and significant impact on traders income in the Jatirogo market.

Pendapatan merupakan suatu komponen yang penting dalam kegiatan usaha berdagang di pasar tradisional. Pada penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat seberapa besar pengaruh modal, lama jam kerja, dan jumlah barang terjual terhadap pendapatan pedagang. Objek penelitiannya adalah pedagang di Pasar Jatirogo Kabupaten Tuban. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian kuantitatif dengan data cross section berupa 30 orang pedagang pada tahun 2022 dan teknik Ordinary Least Square (OLS) pada mode regresi linier berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa variabel modal, lama jam kerja, dan jumlah barang terjual berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap pendapatan pedagang di Pasar Jatirogo.
Evaluasi Program BLT Dana Desa Terhadap Masyarakat Miskin di Desa Rejoagung Kecamatan Ngoro Kabupaten Jombang
Authors: Inayah Winanda Fadhilla 
Published: May 2024

This research aims to analyze the influence of education, income and number of family dependents on the amount of direct cash assistance in Rejoagung Village. This research uses primary data and secondary data with quantitative analysis assisted by statistical tools, namely multiple linear regression analysis. The results of this research show that direct cash assistance in Rejoagung Village is working quite well. Income influences direct cash assistance, while education and number of family dependents do not significantly influence direct cash assistance.

Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisa pengaruh pendidikan, pendapatan dan jumlah tanggungan keluarga terhadap besarnya bantuan langsung tunai di Desa Rejoagung. Penelitian ini menggunakan data primer dan data sekunder dengan analisis kuantitatif yang dibantu dengan alat bantu statistic, yakni analisis regresi regresi linier berganda. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa bantuan langsung tunai di Desa Rejoagung berjalan cukup baik. Pendapatan mempengaruhi bantuan langsung tunai, sedangkan pendidikan dan jumlah tanggungan keluarga tidak cukup mempengaruhi bantuan langsung tunai.
Evaluation of Some Hormones Total Antioxidant Capacity and Malondialdehyde Levels in Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome Women attending the gynecology Clinic at Nnewi
Authors: Ihim Augustine Chinedu , Onyenekwe Charles Chinedum , Eze Nkiruka Nwamaka , Obi Patrick Chinedu , Osakue Nosakhare , Awalu Joseph Chimezie , Ikwelle Tochukwu Anthony 
Published: May 2024

Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), marked by oxidative stress and hormonal imbalances, causes infertility, insulin resistance, and diverse health problems. It not only affects physical health but also can strain marriages and lead to divorce, posing a notable societal issue. The levels of hormones (Estradiol (E2), Dihydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA), luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), progesterone (PROG) Testosterone (TEST)), total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and Malondialdehyde (MDA) in PCOS Women attending the gynecology Clinic at Nnewi were investigated. This cross-sectional study had 45 participants with PCOS as a test group and 45 participants without PCOS as the control group between the ages of 18-50 recruited. All the biochemical parameters were determined by enzyme-linked immunoassay technique. Data was expressed as Mean ± standard deviation. The differences in parameters studied between the PCOS group (test) and the control group were evaluated using an independent t-test. Statistical significance was set at p-value < 0.05. Result showed significant higher differences in the mean serum levels of DHEA (87.40±65.90), LH (34.7±36.1), FSH (19.61±14.73) and Testosterone (3.04±1.36) in women with PCOS compared with the control (1.035±0.54),( 20.76±18.1), (13.2±10.19), and (3.04±1.36)(p< 0.05) respectively. A higher significant difference exists in the mean serum MDA values of the test group (women with PCOS compared with the control group(p<0.05). This study concluded that oxidative stress and hormone imbalance occurred among participants with PCOS attending the gynecology clinic of Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital in Nnewi.
Keywords: PCOS, Estradiol, DHEA, luteinizing hormone, FSH, progesterone, Testosterone, TAC
Sero-prevalence of hepatitis B virus and associated factors among pregnant women attending antenatal care in Bosaso general hospital, Puntland, Somalia 2023: A cross-sectional study design
Authors: Ahmed Mohyadin Abdullahi , Ibrahim Ahmed Mohammed , Yusuf Ramadan Budul , Yusuf Beder Jama , Mahamud Abdirahman Muhumed , Duale Fatima Said , Ali Mustafe Abdi , Farah Mustafa Mohamud 
Published: May 2024

Background: Hepatitis is an inflammation of the liver caused by a variety of infectious and non-infectious agents, leading to a range of health problems. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) can cause both acute and chronic liver disease, and the most common virus that can be transmitted from mother to child and other modes of transmission are contact with blood or other body fluids during sexual intercourse, unsafe injections, or exposure to sharp instruments.
Objective: To determine the seroprevalence and associated factors of HBV infection among pregnant women attending the Antenatal Clinic at Bosaso General Hospital, Puntland, Somalia, in 2023.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 302 pregnant women who underwent routine ANC at Bosaso General hospital from March 15 to May 15. Study participants were interviewed using a structured questionnaire. A systematic random sampling technique was used to identify participants. Data entry, editing, and cleanup of the collected data were performed by the principal investigator using EPI data, and data analysis was performed using SPSS software version 20 to examine the association between each independent variable and the outcome variable. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to determine associations.
Result: A total of 302 respondents participated in the study, with a response rate of 96.8%. The overall prevalence of hepatitis B infection among pregnant women was 6.6% (95% CI = 4.0–9.8). Having a history of dental procedures (AOR = 5.52, 95% CI = 1.190–25.68), a history of blood transfusion (AOR = 5.02, 95% CI = 1.088–23.19), a history surgical procedure (AOR = 4.7, 95% CI = 1.014–21.76), or having a family history of HBV infection (AOR = 10.07, 95% CI = (1.27–79.63) were significant predictors of HBV infection among pregnant women.
Conclusion: The seroprevalence of HBV was intermediate (2–8%) in the study area according to WHO classification. A history of dental procedures, blood transfusion, surgical procedures, and a family history of hepatitis B virus infection were significantly associated with HBV infection.
Keywords: Sero-prevalence; Bosaso; hepatitis B virus; pregnant women.
Advances in Local Anesthesia and Pain Management for Practicing Dentists: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Rout Manisha , Tomar Nitin , Kaushik Mayur , Singh Soundarya 
Published: May 2024

One of the most frequent problems that patients bring to a dental clinic is pain in the orofacial region or within the tooth. To identify and solve the issue, a proficient practitioner needs to be equipped with the necessary information and resources. Comprehending the history of pain control in dentistry can provide valuable understanding into the development of the present techniques. Newer and more effective pain management treatments have been created as dentistry continues to advance. Several modalities have been developed to reduce and eliminate this, including pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatment modalities. The goal of the present review of the literature's findings is to provide dentists with reliable information regarding the application of contemporary local anesthetics, alternative methods, and strategies to reduce pain during anesthesia administration, thereby improving patient comfort.
Keywords: Local Anesthesia, Anesthetic Agents, NSAIDS, Lignocaine, Management, Pain Control
Soil-Transmitted Helminthiasis, Intestinal Schistosomiasis and Malaria Co-Infections among Children in Rural Communities Around Rwasave and Cyarwa Valleys
Authors: Jeannine UWIMANA , PRUDENCE ISHIMWE ALAIN , Leon MUTESA , Evariste NTEZIRIZAZA , Jean De Dieu Tuyishime 
Published: May 2024

Background: Soil-transmitted helminthiasis, schistosomiasis and malaria remain a threat in developing countries, especially to people living in rural areas near large water bodies, valleys or swamps whose daily life activities revolve around those areas. In addition, these parasites affect different groups of people especially those in contact with their breeding sites including children mostly due to their developing immunity compared to that of old people.
Methodology: This cross-sectional study was conducted in rural communities near the Rwasave and Cyarwa valleys, with 124 school-aged children participating. Stool samples were tested for the presence of STH eggs and intestinal Schistosoma parasites using the Kato Katz technique, and thick blood smears were made to aid in the identification of plasmodium species in blood. The threshold intensity of infection on STHs and Schistosoma sp. was estimated by counting their eggs microscopically, which aided in classifying infections as light, moderate, or heavy according to WHO standards. Furthermore, Plasmodium species were identified by the presence of schizonts, trophozoites, or gametocytes on Giemsa-stained thick blood smears, and parasitic density was calculated as a result.
Results: In this study, the highest prevalence of soil transmitted helminthiasis was 12.7% in Cyarwa valley compared to 12.5% in Rwasave valley. The highest prevalence of Schistosomiasis was 3.2% in Cyarwa valley compared to 1.3% in Rwasave valley. Prevalence of malaria in Cyarwa valley was 3.3% in 63 children. Where children infected were only males falling in 5-8 age group.
Conclusion: Results showed high prevalence of soil transmitted helminthiasis which was 12.7% in Cyarwa compared to 12.5% in Rwasave valley especially in children aged 5-8, this due to poor sanitation (P<0.001) that have assessed. Surprisingly, Cyarwa valley is located nearby town. Whereas malaria, intestinal schistosomiasis was low and there were not significantly associated with their risk factors with p-values 0.4, 0.092 respectively which can show that, preventive measures that have been established by government of Rwanda have positive impacts. Furthermore, there was a low prevalence of soil transmitted helminthiasis, intestinal schistosomiasis and malaria co-infection.
Keywords: soil transmitted helminthiasis, intestinal schistosomiasis, malaria.
THE FILM 'PESANTREN' AND RELIGIOUS TOLERANCE IN INDONESIA: REALITY, REPRESENTATION AND IDEOLOGY
Authors: Fatihunnada Fatihunnada , Abdullah Irfan Mas’ud , Hasbi Rusli , Ummah Sayidatul 
Published: May 2024

This article aims to explain the form of religious tolerance values in the documentary film 'Pesantren' which was released in 2022. This film is interesting because it reveals the educational side of religious tolerance in Indonesia, which shows another side of pesantren, which is considered by some to be a hotbed of indoctrination of radical and fundamental religious views. Through descriptive qualitative method, this article focuses on the value of religious tolerance in the film presented through verbal and non-verbal signs. The data is analyzed using John Fiske's semiotic theory that explains the codes of television, namely the level of reality, the level of representation and the level of ideology. This theory is useful to reveal the meaning behind each scene. This article shows that in the film Pesantren, the value of tolerance is more dominant after reading the ideology stage. The value of tolerance in the film is present in the frame of inter and intra-religious tolerance. The value is instilled in three major narratives, namely: respecting differences of opinion, avoiding fanaticism because God's love is also unlimited, preaching with good words and staying away from discrimination against people of different beliefs.
Nutritional and Sensory Characterization of Some Fermented Food Products Made in the Carpathian-Danubian-Pontic Area
Authors: Mihaela Dana Pop A.A. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The territory of Romania has been known as the Carpathian-Danubian-Pontic space since ancient times, being traversed from one end to the other by the Carpathian Mountains and being bordered to the south by the Danube River (Danubius) which flows into the Black Sea (Pontic area). Fermented food products manufactured in Romania belong to the many categories, such as: lactic acid dairy products or fermented dairy products (yogurt, sana, buttermilk, kefir, fermented cream, fresh cheese), pickled vegetables (cabbage, cucumbers, red pepper), non-alcoholic fermented beverages (braga, borsch, vinegar, socata), traditional fermented bread, maturated cheeses, raw dried salami and alcoholic beverages (beer, wine). In the present article we will focus on a nutritional and sensory characterization of the most famous fermented products that are manufactured almost exclusively in the Carpathian-Danubian-Pontic area, of course also due to the influence of the neighbours, this being: fermented dairy products (yoghurt, sana and buttermilk), lactic fermented pickles (pickled cabbage) and non-alcoholic fermented drinks (braga, borsh and socata).
Influence of the Forming Die Design on Processing and Physical Properties of Gluten-Free Crisps
Authors: Mitrus Marcin , Tydman Kacper , Milanowski Marek , Soja Jakub , Lewko Piotr , Kupryaniuk Karol , Wójtowicz Agnieszka 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The aim of the research was to evaluate the influence of the forming die openings shape on processing parameters of the extrusion-cooking process and on the selected properties of gluten-free crisps. The experiment used blends of corn grits, unroasted buckwheat, rice, and dried blackberries. The extrusion process of gluten-free crisps was carried out via a prototype EXP-45-32 single-screw extruder with L/D=16. During the tests, 5 different forming dies were assessed: 2 openings with a diameter of 2 mm each, 1 round opening with a diameter of 3 mm, 1 cross-shaped opening, a star and a heart. During the tests, the processing efficiency and energy consumption of the extrusion process were tested, and the expansion index, bulk density and hardness of the crisps were investigated. The research demonstrated that the forming die shape affects the efficiency and energy consumption of the extrusion-cooking process of crisps. The lowest efficiency was found if a heart-shaped die was used, and the highest efficiency was determined in the case of a star-shape die. Moreover, the highest specific energy consumption was noted when using a star-shaped die during crisps extrusion. Crisps obtained using dies with larger diameters were characterized by a lower expansion index. The complicated shape of the die opening resulted in less expansion of the obtained crisps. The highest bulk density and hardness were found in the case of crisps obtained on a star-shaped forming die.
The challenges of the European and Albanian legislation on the procedures for the surrender of persons wanted by criminal justice
Authors: Karamuco Ervin , Plaku Mirseda Shehdula 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
When we talk about the challenges of the European and Albanian legislation on the surrender of persons wanted by criminal justice, the picture of the Albanian law and the operation of the law comes to mind. But today more and more measures are being taken to develop the legislative power and its functioning. These measures have also been taken in drafting and in administrative and judicial execution.
Today, there is more and more talk about justice reforms; such are the challenges that Albania faces when it comes to cooperation with the EU in relation to the procedures for handing over persons wanted by law. It is such a challenge, because Albania’s legislation must be in line with that of the EU. When we talk about compliance or Acquis communautaire, we mean the interoperability that the legislative, judicial and executive powers must follow.
Talking about the justice reform in Albania, we understand and analyse more closely the issue of corruption. The globalization of criminal activities has created a need to strengthen international cooperation. The investigation, prosecution and control of crime cannot be confined within national borders.
Non-Oil Tax Revenue and Infrastructural Development in Nigeria
Authors: Jerry Oziegbe David , Omoyemi Itua Perpetual 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
In Nigeria, there has been a decline in oil revenue. This has impacted negatively on infrastructural development. This paper seeks to examine the effect of non-oil revenue as an alternative source of revenue for infrastructural development. The research design of the study was the ex post facto research design. The source of data was the secondary source and a time series of data from 1981 to 2021 was used in carrying out the research. The Autoregressive Distributed Lagged (ARDL) bounds test was used to determine the long-run and short-run relationship between the dependent and independent variables. It was observed that the variables are co-integrated, and as such, a long-run and short-run relationship exists among the explanatory variables. Furthermore, the ARDL short-run estimation result shows that the non-oil tax variables (proxied by VAT, CUSTD, and CIT) have a positive and significant effect on infrastructural development (proxied by total electricity production measured in Gigawatt hours (GWh) in Nigeria. In tandem, the ARDL long-run estimation results reveal that value-added tax, customs duties, and company income tax have a positive and significant impact on infrastructural development in Nigeria. Hence, an increase in the non-oil tax revenue base will boost infrastructural development in Nigeria in the long run. This finding is in tandem with the ARDL short-run estimation result. Therefore, it is inferred that Nigeria can experience infrastructural development when genuine commitment is made to explore an increase in non-oil revenue generation instead of being over-dependent on oil revenue.
Legal Education in Pakistan: An Overview of Stakeholders’ Perception
Authors: Shah Sardar Ali , Dhanapal Saroja , Syed Kazim 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Legal education plays a vital role in the country’s justice system. The graduates with good quality of law education have a great impact on the quality of the judiciary, Bar, and Bench. There is a general perception amongst the stakeholders comprising of that the present legal education in Pakistan does not satisfactorily match the needs of the country. Thus, it needs to be reviewed and reformed. In line with this, the objective of the current qualitative study is to analyze the opinions of stakeholders. The article ends with recommendations for improvement in legal education as advocated by the stakeholders.