bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Unveiling the Evolution of CRISPR Spacer Number: A Phylogenetic Analysis of its Correlation with Repeat Characteristics
Authors: Liu Jia , Huang Rui , Niu Deng-Ke 
Published: May 2024

AbstractCRISPR-Cas systems in prokaryotes utilize spacers, segments of DNA acquired from invading phages, to guide immune defense mechanisms. This study investigates the evolution of CRISPR repertoire size by examining its relationships with repeat length, terminal repeat polymorphism, and structural stability in 1,958 bacterial genomes, identifying 5,465 CRISPR arrays. Using CRISPRCasFinder for annotation and RNAfold for predicting RNA secondary structures, we found significant variation in array characteristics. Long-repeat arrays (≥38 bp) showed a significant positive correlation between terminal repeat polymorphism and CRISPR spacer number, a correlation absent in short-repeat arrays (<38 bp), suggesting longer repeats facilitate recombination and spacer loss. Additionally, a negative correlation between repeat length and spacer number across all arrays indicates that longer repeats may accelerate spacer loss. Furthermore, our results show that immune demand significantly influences the evolution of spacer number. Larger CRISPR repertoires correlate with conserved repeat sequences and stable secondary structures, vital for functional arrays under continuous selective pressure. Comparing functional and obsolete CRISPR arrays (orphan arrays in genomes lacking Cas genes) revealed that obsolete arrays have fewer spacers and lower repeat consistency, indicating a degenerative state. By elucidating the factors that shape CRISPR memory size evolution, this research offers strategies to enhance bacterial defenses, mitigate resistance, and improve applications in gene editing and therapeutics.
Representation of grasping type and force in the primate motor cortex
Authors: Moreno Adriana , de Lafuente Victor , Merchant Hugo 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe primary motor cortex (M1) is strongly engaged by movement planning and movement execution. However, the role of M1 activity in voluntary grasping is still not completely understood. Here we analyze recordings of M1 neurons during the execution of a delayed reach-to-grasp task, where monkeys had to actively grasp an object with either a side or a precision grip, and then pull it with a low or high amount of force. Single cell and neural populations analyses showed that grip type was robustly and specifically encoded by a large population of neurons, while force level was weakly encoded within mixed-selective neurons that also provided grip type information. Notably, the grip type was stably decoded from motor cortical populations during the preparation and execution epochs of the task. Our results are consistent with the idea that planning and performing specific grasping movements are high-level skills that strongly engage M1 neurons, while the execution of grasping-pulling force might be prominently encoded at lower stages of the motor system.Significance statementGrasping behavior requires precise motor coordination exerted by multiple brain areas, including the primary motor cortex (M1), but the exact role of M1 in grasping preparation and execution remains elusive. Here, we analyzed the neural activity of M1 while two monkeys performed a delayed reach-to-grasp task. We found that two parameters of grasping: grip type and force level, were represented in the activity of single neurons and the neural population, although with important differences. While grip representation was stronger and more temporally stable, force encoding was weaker and short lived. Our results suggest that grip planning and execution is a high-level neural process that takes place independently of force control in M1.
Study of scalar nonstandard interaction at the Protvino to super-ORCA experiment
Authors: Singha Dinesh Kumar , Majhi Rudra , Panda Lipsarani , Ghosh Monojit , Mohanta Rukmani 
Published: May 2024

In this paper we have studied the phenomenon of nonstandard interaction mediated by a scalar field (SNSI) in the context of P2SO experiment and compared its sensitivity with DUNE. In particular, we have studied the capability of these two experiments to put bounds on the diagonal SNSI parameters, i.e., ηee, ημμ, and ηττ and studied the impact of these parameters on the determination of neutrino mass ordering, octant of θ23 and CP violation (CPV). In our analysis we find that, the parameter Δm312 has a nontrivial role if one wants estimate the bounds on ημμ and ηττ assuming SNSI does not exist in nature. Our results show that sensitivity of P2SO and DUNE to constraint ημμ and ηττ are similar whereas the sensitivity of DUNE is slightly better for ηee. We find that the mass ordering and CPV sensitivities are mostly affected by ηee compared to ημμ and ηττ if one assumes SNSI exists in nature. On the other hand, octant sensitivity is mostly affected by ημμ and ηττ. These sensitivities can be either higher or lower than the standard three flavor scenario depending on the relative sign of the SNSI parameters. Regarding the precision of atmospheric mixing parameters, we find that the precision of θ23 deteriorates significantly in the presence of ημμ and ηττ.

Published by the American Physical Society
2024
The grey decision model and its application based on generalized greyness of interval grey number
Authors: Li Li , Li Xican 
Published: May 2024

PurposeIn order to solve the decision-making problem that the attributive weight and attributive value are both interval grey numbers, this paper tries to construct a multi-attribute grey decision-making model based on generalized greyness of interval grey number.Design/methodology/approachFirstly, according to the nature of the generalized gresness of interval grey number, the generalized weighted greyness distance between interval grey numbers is given, and the transformation relationship between greyness distance and real number distance is analyzed. Then according to the objective function that the square sum of generalized weighted greyness distances from the decision scheme to the best scheme and the worst scheme is the minimum, a multi-attribute grey decision-making model is constructed, and the simplified form of the model is given. Finally, the grey decision-making model proposed in this paper is applied to the evaluation of technological innovation capability of 6 provinces in China to verify the effectiveness of the model.FindingsThe results show that the grey decision-making model proposed in this paper has a strict mathematical foundation, clear physical meaning, simple calculation and easy programming. The application example shows that the grey decision model in this paper is feasible and effective. The research results not only enrich the grey system theory, but also provide a new way for the decision-making problem that the attributive weights and attributive values are interval grey numbers.Practical implicationsThe decision-making model proposed in this paper does not need to seek the optimal solution of the attributive weight and the attributive value, and can save the decision-making labor and capital investment. The model in this paper is also suitable for the decision-making problem that deals with the coexistence of interval grey numbers and real numbers.Originality/valueThe paper succeeds in realizing the multi-attribute grey decision-making model based on generalized gresness and its simplified forms, which provide a new method for grey decision analysis.
Attendees' experiences of anime conventions in the United States: a netnography study
Authors: Liu Tianjian , Liu Sijun , Lee Yee Ming 
Published: May 2024

PurposeGuided by stimulus-organism-response (SOR) theory, this study analyzed the user-generated content (UGC) produced by attendees from six anime conventions in the USA.Design/methodology/approachA total of 739 online reviews and 1,932 photos were collected from the social platforms of six large anime conventions in the USA (Yelp and Facebook), and the study employed thematic analysis and image analysis to analyze the collected UGCs.FindingsThe findings revealed eight main themes (i.e. ambient and space, customers, service and products, sign and symbol, social density, emotional status, motivation, and behavior intention) and 32 subthemes across the three dimensions of SOR theory. Leveraging the power of cutting-edge image analysis, the image labels obtained from the analysis contributed to the creation of network clusters. The result of the image analysis also continued consistently with the thematic analysis result, which reflected SOR theory.Research limitations/implicationsTheoretically, the study applied SOR theory and blended thematic and image analyses to gain a comprehensive understanding of anime convention attendees’ experience and categorized the attendees’ emotional status as positive or negative to reflect their overall evaluation. Practically, this study highlighted some complaints from attendees and provided suggestions for operators. However, the study focused only on large anime conventions in the USA; future studies should compare attendees’ experiences with small and large conventions or anime conventions worldwide.Originality/valueThe study utilized UGCs to understand the key patterns essential to attendees during anime conventions in the USA and applied SOR theory to its investigation.
Food supply chain resilience through digital transformation: a mixed-method approach
Authors: Tortorella Guilherme , Gloet Marianne , Samson Daniel , Kurnia Sherah , Fogliatto Flavio S. , Anzanello Michel J. 
Published: May 2024

PurposeThis study aims to explore the relationship between digital transformation and resilience development in the Australian food supply chain (FSC), and identify the contribution of digital technologies to it using the dynamic capabilities theory as theoretical lens.Design/methodology/approachFor that, a mixed-method approach was used. It combines both quantitative and qualitative data to identify trends and details of the phenomenon, yielding more robust findings. We firstly collected and analyzing quantitative data obtained from food industry practitioners and, then, qualitative data gathered through semi-structured interviews with experts.FindingsThe study findings suggest that the relationship between digital transformation and resilience varies among tiers of the FSC and that digital technologies adoption affects resilience development differently across tiers. This highlights the potential cost savings of developing strategies that jointly address digital transformation and resilience development, improving performance outcomes and determining the extent to which digital technologies enhance or inhibit certain aspects of resilience in the FSC.Originality/valueThe study frames the relationship between digital technologies and resilience within the dynamic capabilities theory and suggests that digitalization can enhance resilience by enabling organizations to sense, seize, and transform strategies. We also provide insights for managers to develop strategies that simultaneously enhance digitalization and resilience, resulting in improved performance during disruptive events.
Gendered pathways to entrepreneurial success: a study on women’s career choices in India
Authors: Mishra Divya , Mangla Gopika , Maheshwari Nidhi 
Published: May 2024

PurposeThis research investigates the barriers hindering women from pursuing entrepreneurship as a career choice, particularly in the Indian context.Design/methodology/approachThe study employs rigorous data analysis techniques, including Confirmatory Factor Analysis and Multiple Regression Analysis, on a sample of 590 MBA students, comprising both male and female participants.FindingsThe findings reveal that social and psychological factors significantly influence women’s decisions regarding entrepreneurship. Social factors such as social stigma and cultural norms, along with psychological factors like societal expectations, emerge as major barriers.Research limitations/implicationsThe findings have implications for policymakers, practitioners, and academics in designing interventions to address social and psychological barriers effectively. Recommendations include promoting cultural sensitivity and fostering confidence among women entrepreneurs.Originality/valueThis study contributes to the existing literature by quantifying the specific barriers faced by women entrepreneurs in India. It offers insights into advancing gender equity and inclusive economic development through targeted policies and programs.
Joint advertising: the impact of domestic, foreign, and global partners on cognitive fit
Authors: Bauer Brittney C. , Johnson Clark D. 
Published: May 2024

PurposeJoint advertising is an emerging strategy where marketers promote both brands in the same marketing communication. This research determines how the domestic, foreign, or global nature of the partner impacts important brand-related outcomes and identifies underlying psychological process mechanisms and contextual variables that affect this relationship.Design/methodology/approachAcross three experiments, we investigate how the type of joint advertising partner impacts consumer attitudes and behaviors. We establish the number of similarities between the partners and perceived cognitive fit as the mediating process mechanisms underlying this relationship, with holistic processing moderating the effect.FindingsWe find that when consumers are exposed to joint advertisements between domestic or global [foreign] brands, they will be able to generate more [fewer] similarities between the partners and perceive a stronger [weaker] cognitive fit. Moreover, these similarities interact with consumer cultural traits related to holistic processing style to differentially influence perceived cognitive fit and downstream consumer attitudes and behaviors.Originality/valuePartnering for mutually beneficial, joint advertisements is a growing phenomenon that redefines traditional thinking about advertising, but the success of the joint advertisement is contingent upon the characteristics and compatibility of the partners.
Patient versus person centeredness: embracing different perspectives
Authors: Pipers Ellen , De Regge Melissa , Bergs Jochen , Leroi-Werelds Sara , Verleye Katrien , Streukens Sandra 
Published: May 2024

PurposeThe aim of this study is twofold: (1) to gain insight into the different perspectives on the relationship between patient and person centeredness and (2) to learn more about the differences between non-academic and academic stakeholders in the healthcare system.Design/methodology/approachThis mixed-methods study includes a scoping review on person and patient centeredness and in-depth interviews with patients, caregivers, staff and management of healthcare organizations. The data were analyzed by following the six phases of Braun and Clarke.FindingsThe analysis of the data showed four different perspectives on patient versus person centeredness: (1) they are synonyms; (2) one term is favorite; (3) they should be in balance; and (4) person centeredness is the surplus on top of patient centeredness.Research limitations/implicationsThere are different perspectives on patient versus person centeredness. Perspectives differ between people and can change over time. Some people feel like a patient all the time, other people feel like a person all the time, and some feel like a patient at one point in time and as a person at another point in time.Practical implicationsThese different perspectives can have important implications for the so-called moments of truth. In their role as patients, people value functional encounters and in their identity as people they value meaningful encounters with caregivers.Originality/valueBy unraveling these different perspectives, novel insights were found in the different perspectives people can take.
Customer satisfaction antecedents in uncertain hospitality conditions: an exploratory data mining approach
Authors: Darvishmotevali Mahlagha , Arici Hasan Evrim , Koseoglu Mehmet Ali 
Published: May 2024

PurposeInformed by trait and self-determination theories, the present study aims to extend the knowledge regarding the link between customer satisfaction (CS) and its antecedents, including job autonomy (JA), conscientiousness, customer uncertainty (CU) and extra-role customer service (E-RCS) in the hospitality industry.Design/methodology/approachA total of 306 frontline employees were selected from the hotels in North Cyprus, Turkey. Psychometric properties, including the validity and reliability of study variables, were assessed in the first step using confirmatory factor analysis. Then, the data were analyzed utilizing machine learning methods, mainly three exploratory data mining techniques, including lasso regression, decision trees and random forest, as well as partial dependence plots to visualize the role of suggested predictors on the outcome variable.FindingsData mining analysis shows that employees who can modify their job objectives are better equipped to satisfy customers in uncertain situations (JA8). In addition, the findings reveal that employees who believe they work hard to accomplish their personal and organizational goals (CON7) while also having the freedom to decide how to approach their job (JA1) and choose the procedures to utilize (JA2) are more likely to contribute to CS. In general, CS peaked when JA was high, but conscientiousness was moderate, while CU was low.Practical implicationsThis study bridges the gap among various factors at the employee and customer individual, corporate and macro-environmental levels. Hospitality organizations can cultivate a culture of autonomy and independence by promoting open communication and offering growth and development opportunities. This approach enhances conscientious employees’ engagement, leading to exceptional customer service performance, particularly, in uncertain situations.Originality/valueFrom the methodology perspective, this work proposes an opportunity for prospective scientists to broaden the trait and self-determination theories research model by relying on the riches of exploratory techniques without the limits imposed by traditional analytical techniques. Further, this study advances the current knowledge about service agility under uncertainty by extending organizational and service management research to consumer behavior literature.
Al-Siyāsah al-Shar‘iyyah’s consideration and its approach among the governors in Islamic financial institutions: a Malaysian’s experience
Authors: Mahmad Robbi Ahmad Akram , Ishak Muhammad Shahrul Ifwat , Asni Fathullah 
Published: May 2024

Purpose
Islamic financial institutions (IFIs) in Malaysia continue to promote Shari‘ah-compliant business and transactions. As a result, the governors have a lot to think about before issuing any fatwa or ordinance, which impacts the majority of Malaysians. Nevertheless, the point of views from the governors have not been highlighted much. This research seeks to investigate the extent to which the conception of al-Siyasah al-Shar‘iyyah is embraced by Shari‘ah committees’ leadership roles within IFIs. The importance of al-Siyasah al-Shar‘iyyah in decision-making makes abandoning the Shari‘ah principle untenable and its significant role for IFIs in Malaysia cannot be overstated. It serves as a crucial tool for decision-making by authorities and governors.

Design/methodology/approach
The objectives of this research are attained by examining diverse sources obtained through library research, encompassing books, journals, newspapers, websites and reports. In addition, to use an analytical method to assess the role of al-Siyasah al-Shar‘iyyah in IFIs pratical, the authors collect information through interviews with five participants actively engaged in Shari‘ah committees within financial institutions, both directly and indirectly.

Findings
The research paper concludes that al-Siyasah al-Shar‘iyyah holds significance for Shari‘ah committees in IFIs when providing legal opinions. In situations where existing madhhab-based laws prove insufficient for addressing a particular issue, the Shari‘ah committees will autonomously engage in new ijtihad to ensure effective resolution of the matter.

Research limitations/implications
The implication that could have been resulted from this study is to indicate how Shari‘ah committees in IFIs structuring a set of rules and regulations embedded by al-Siyasah al-Shar‘iyyah elements to produce maṣlaḥaḥ for the ummah. This perspective is barely discussed in depth as Malaysia has unanimous scholars who work in this area. Thus, the authors attempt to bring the discussion academically and express the point of view from governors’ perspective.

Originality/value
In the Malaysian context, where Islamic banks and financial institutions are overseen by Shari‘ah committee members and the Central Bank of Malaysia, this study delves into the practical experiences of governors in carrying out the responsibilities of al-Siyasah al-Shar‘iyyah within the decision-making process. The objective is to investigate the perspectives of Shari‘ah committees when they encounter scenarios where prevailing madhhab opinions prove inadequate in addressing contemporary issues within the country.
Beyond apples and oranges: unraveling the complexity in corporate sustainability reporting
Authors: Hedley Timothy , Porco Barbara , Keiningham Timothy Lee , Aksoy Lerzan , Statuto Leigh Anne , Amin Muslim 
Published: May 2024

PurposeThis investigation highlights the discrepancies in sustainability reporting practices, and their implications for sustainable service.Design/methodology/approachA comparative analysis methodology was employed, examining sustainability reports from similarly situated companies, specifically PepsiCo and Coca-Cola and The Home Depot, Lowe’s and HomePro. This approach was chosen to uncover variances in sustainability reporting and practices within these sectors using the Sustainability Accounting Standards Board (SASB) guidelines which all four firms followed in their sustainability reports.FindingsThe study reveals significant disparities in how companies within the same industry apply SASB guidelines. These inconsistencies highlight a broader issue of non-standardization in sustainability reporting, leading to challenges in effectively evaluating the relative performance of companies in the same sector.Practical implicationsThe findings suggest managers must prioritize standardized and transparent sustainability reporting to build stakeholder acceptance and trust.Originality/valueThis paper contributes to the existing literature by providing a detailed comparison of sustainability practices in two distinct industry sectors. It offers new insights into the challenges and importance of standardizing sustainability reporting and the potential impact on stakeholders.