bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Wall fluxes of reactive oxygen species of an rf atmospheric-pressure plasma and their dependence on sheath dynamics
Authors: Liu D X , Yang A J , Wang X H , Rong M Z , Iza F , Kong M G 
Published: July 2012

Abstract
A radio-frequency (rf) atmospheric-pressure discharge in He–O2 mixture is studied using a fluid model for its wall fluxes and their dependence on electron and chemical kinetics in the sheath region. It is shown that ground-state O,

and O− are the dominant wall fluxes of neutral species, cations and anions, respectively. Detailed analysis of particle transport shows that wall fluxes are supplied from a boundary layer of 3–300 µm immediately next to an electrode, a fraction of the thickness of the sheath region. The width of the boundary layer mirrors the effective excursion distance during lifetime of plasma species, and is a result of much reduced length scale of particle transport at elevated gas pressures. As a result, plasma species supplying their wall fluxes are produced locally within the boundary layer and the chemical composition of the overall wall flux depends critically on spatio-temporal characteristics of electron temperature and density within the sheath. Wall fluxes of cations and ions are found to consist of a train of nanosecond pulses, whereas wall fluxes of neutral species are largely time-invariant.
Stress-induced annihilation of Stone–Wales defects in graphene nanoribbons
Authors: Sun Y J , Ma F , Ma D Y , Xu K W , Chu Paul K 
Published: July 2012

Abstract
Stress arising from structural or thermal misfit impacts the reliability of graphene-related devices. The deformation behaviour of graphene nanoribbons (GNRs) with Stone–Wales defects under stress studied by molecular dynamics shows that nearly all the SW defects annihilate via inverse rotation of C–C bonds. The fracture stress of defective GNRs is comparable to that of perfect ones and similar to mechanical annealing observed from bulk metals. It is a competition between bond rotation and fracture and depends on the strain rate and temperature. At a lower strain rate, such as 10−5 ps−1, the rotation velocity of C–C bonds of 4.2 Å ps−1 is three orders of magnitude larger than the velocity of the collective movement of atoms (1.2 × 10−3 Å ps−1). There is enough time for the C–C bond rotation to respond to the external load, but it becomes more difficult at higher strain rates. This stress-induced SW defect annihilation can be enhanced at higher temperatures because of enhanced exchange of atomic momentum and energy. The results reveal the dominant influence of SW defects on the mechanical properties of two-dimensional materials.
MyMiner: a web application for computer-assisted biocuration and text annotation
Authors: Salgado David , Krallinger Martin , Depaule Marc , Drula Elodie , Tendulkar Ashish V. , Leitner Florian , Valencia Alfonso , Marcelle Christophe 
Published: July 2012

Abstract
Motivation: The exponential growth of scientific literature has resulted in a massive amount of unstructured natural language data that cannot be directly handled by means of bioinformatics tools. Such tools generally require structured data, often generated through a cumbersome process of manual literature curation. Herein, we present MyMiner, a free and user-friendly text annotation tool aimed to assist in carrying out the main biocuration tasks and to provide labelled data for the development of text mining systems. MyMiner allows easy classification and labelling of textual data according to user-specified classes as well as predefined biological entities. The usefulness and efficiency of this application have been tested for a range of real-life annotation scenarios of various research topics.
Availability: http://myminer.armi.monash.edu.au.
Contacts: david.salgado@monash.edu and christophe.marcelle@monash.edu
Supplementary Information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
NONPARANEOPLASTIC AUTOIMMUNE RETINOPATHY PRESENTING WITH PERIPHERAL RETINAL VASOOCCLUSION
Authors: Lin Chun-Ju , Chen San-Ni , Hwang Jiunn-Feng , Tseng Chien-Chi , Li Kun-Hsien 
Published: July 2012

Purpose:
To report a case of nonparaneoplastic autoimmune retinopathy presenting with severe peripheral retinal vasoocclusion.

Methods:
Interventional case report.

Case Report:
A 44-year-old woman complained of blurred vision and photopsia in both eyes. She has no history of cancer or autoimmune disease. Best-corrected visual acuity was 20/40 in the left eye and 20/30 in the right eye. Constriction of the visual field sparing central vision was found. Fluorescein angiography revealed severe peripheral retinal vasoocclusion, panretinal degeneration, and cystoid macular edema. Optical coherence tomography demonstrated intraretinal fluid. Electroretinography showed decreased amplitude of a- and b-waves in both scotopic and photopic tests. The implicit time was generally within normal limits. The amplitude of flicker response was also diminished. Multifocal electroretinography showed declined signal all over the macular region. Systemic workup including whole body positron emission tomography/computed tomography for cancer screening showed negative results. Only antirecoverin antibody was positive. Under the impression of nonparaneoplastic autoimmune retinopathy, systemic and local immunosuppressive therapy was given and showed improvement.

Conclusion:
Nonparaneoplastic autoimmune retinopathies are uncommon retinal degenerations with visual loss associated with unique clinical symptoms and findings and with serum antiretinal autoantibodies. Severe peripheral retinal vasoocclusion was not reported. Early detection and timely treatment with immunosuppression could result in clinical improvement.
ALL-TRANS RETINOIC ACID DIFFERENTIATION SYNDROME CHORIORETINOPATHY
Authors: Levasseur Steve D. , Tantiworawik Adisak , Lambert Maberley David A. 
Published: July 2012

Purpose:
The purpose of this study was to report a case of multifocal serous neurosensory retinal detachments associated with systemic differentiation syndrome (DS) (formerly known as all-trans retinoic acid [ATRA] syndrome) in a patient with acute promyelocytic leukemia.

Methods:
In this observational case report, we identify a case of DS because of ATRA induction therapy with associated multiple focal serous neurosensory retinal detachments in a 39-year-old man with acute promyelocytic leukemia.

Results:
While suffering from a rebound episode of DS secondary to ATRA therapy, the patient experienced deterioration of his vision bilaterally. Within 8 days of discontinuing ATRA and the initiation of dexamethasone, the patient's systemic status and ocular findings resolved completely. Optical coherence tomography and fluorescein angiography confirmed the resolution of the subretinal fluid.

Conclusion:
Given the time of onset of the patient's visual symptoms with associated chorioretinopathy, his concurrent systemic manifestations of DS, along with his concurrent systemic, and ocular response to treatment, we speculate that this is the first reported occurrence of ATRA-associated chorioretinopathy in a patient with ATRA DS.
INTRAOPERATIVE BREAKAGE OF A DISPOSABLE 23-GAUGE TROCAR TIP
Authors: Udoetuk Joshua D. , Javey Golnaz , Carvounis Petros E. 
Published: July 2012

Purpose:
To report breakage of the tip of a 23-gauge trocar system during pars plana vitrectomy.

Methods:
Retrospective single case report.

Results:
A 56-year-old man was undergoing pars plana vitrectomy for vitreous hemorrhage using a 23-gauge 1-step trocar/cannula entry system. After placement of the first cannula and upon withdrawing the trocar from the sclera, we noted that the tip had broken. We switched to another brand and completed the surgery without complication. Inspection of the fundus and plain radiography showed no intraocular foreign body, and the patient had an uncomplicated recovery.

Conclusion:
Vitreoretinal surgeons should be aware of the possibility of intraoperative breakage of the 23-gauge trocar tip after creation of the scleral tunnel.
An intervention targeting service providers and clients for methadone maintenance treatment in China: a cluster‐randomized trial
Authors: Li Li , Wu Zunyou , Liang Li‐Jung , Lin Chunqing , Zhang Linglin , Guo Sam , Rou Keming , Li Jianhua 
Published: July 2012

AbstractAimsThis study examines the preliminary outcomes of an intervention targeting service providers in methadone maintenance therapy (MMT) clinics in China. The intervention effects on both service providers and clients are reported.DesignThe MMT CARE intervention pilot was developed and implemented collaboratively with local health educators. After three group intervention sessions, trained providers in intervention clinics delivered two individual motivational interviewing sessions with their clients.SettingsSix clinics in Sichuan, China, were randomized to either the MMT CARE intervention condition or a standard care condition.ParticipantsA total of 41 providers and 179 clients were sampled from the six clinics.MeasurementsAt baseline and three‐, six‐, and nine‐month assessments, providers completed self‐administrated paper/pencil questionnaires regarding provider‐client interaction, MMT knowledge, perceived job‐related stigma and clinic support. Clients completed a face‐to‐face survey about their concurrent drug use and drug avoidance self‐efficacy. Mixed‐effects regression models with clinic‐level random effect were used to assess the intervention effects.FindingsSignificant intervention effects for providers were found in improved MMT knowledge, provider‐client interaction and perceived clinic support. For clients, better improvements in drug avoidance self‐efficacy and reduced concurrent drug use were observed for the intervention compared with the standard care group.ConclusionsThe MMT CARE intervention targeting providers in methadone maintenance clinics can improve providers' treatment knowledge and their interaction with clients. The intervention can also reduce clients' drug‐using behavior through motivational interviewing sessions conducted by trained providers.
Self‐harm, substance use and psychological distress in the Australian general population
Authors: Moller Carl I. , Tait Robert J. , Byrne Don G. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractAimsTo examine predictors of self‐harm, especially substance use and psychological distress, in an Australian adult general population sample.DesignSequential‐cohort design with follow‐up every four years.SettingAustralian general population.ParticipantsA random sample of adults aged 20–24 and 40–44 years (at baseline) living in and around the Australian Capital Territory.MeasurementsSelf‐report survey including items on four common forms of self‐harm. Psychological distress was indexed by the combined Goldberg Anxiety and Depression scale scores and alcohol problems by the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT).FindingsFour thousand one hundred and sixty people (84% of baseline) were re‐interviewed at 8 years: 4126 reported their self‐harm status. Past year self‐harm was reported by 8.2% (95% CI 7.4–9.0%) of participants [males: 9.3% (8.0–10.6%), females: 7.3% (6.2–8.4%)]. Several forms of substance use—smoking (OR = 1.52), marijuana use (OR = 1.77) and drinking alcohol at a level likely to cause dependence (AUDIT score ≥ 20) (OR = 2.08)—were independently predictive of past year self‐harm. Additional key risk factors for self‐harm in the past year were childhood sexual abuse by a parent (OR = 3.07), bisexual orientation (OR = 2.65), younger age (OR = 2.23) and male gender (OR = 1.86). Other independent predictors were years of education, adverse life events, psychological distress and financial strain.ConclusionsSelf‐harm in young and middle‐aged adults appears to be associated with current smoking, marijuana and ‘dependent’ alcohol use. Other independent predictors include younger age, male gender, bisexual orientation, financial strain, education level, psychological distress, adverse life events and sexual abuse by a parent.
A sense of belonging in a changeable everyday life – a follow‐up study of young people in kinship, network, and traditional foster families
Authors: Hedin Lena 
Published: July 2012

ABSTRACTThis in‐depth follow‐up study of 15 foster youth shows the importance of an ‘open foster family’, open to letting the foster youth into the family life and to cooperating with the adolescent's birth family. Previous findings about the importance of negotiations, mutual rituals, and having fun together in foster families for the creation of social bonds and belonging are strengthened in the follow‐up interview. A lack of these mutual practices is observed prior to disruptions. Most adolescents still living with the same foster family feel a sense of belonging to both their foster and birth families, especially when both families cooperate. This is most evident in kinship families. Over time, adolescents in traditional foster families have also strengthened their social bonds to the foster family, which makes the difference to youth in network foster families less pronounced than in the previous study. Despite life changes, above all changing schools and peers, most adolescents reveal personal agency by still coping with their situation. However, therapeutic support is now more common than 1 year ago, for girls in particular. Methods used are interviews, network maps and text responses (‘beepers’).
Sex worker and mother: managing dual and threatened identities
Authors: Dodsworth Jane 
Published: July 2012

AbstractThis paper draws on a qualitative study that sought to understand and develop theory based upon 24 women's subjective accounts of their childhood and adult experiences and involvement in sex work in the UK. It specifically examines the management of dual and threatened identities for the 17 women who were also mothers. To ensure the centrality of the women's voices in the analysis and theory generation, a grounded theory approach was taken using a psychosocial framework that drew on concepts of resilience to explore how the meanings of those experiences were reflectively appraised by participants. The findings indicate that there is a need to cope with the threat to identity inherent in society's diametrically opposed perceptions of sex worker and ‘good mother’ and simultaneously to manage the coexistence of the roles and identities of mother and sex worker. What appear significant in determining how these tensions are managed are the accumulated risk factors of early childhood, and the resources available to individuals in adulthood to manage both identities. Services must recognize not only individual but wider environmental and familial factors impacting on women with the dual identity of sex worker and mother in order to promote their resilience as mothers, whether living with or apart from their children.
Anti‐IL‐5 attenuates activation and surface density of β2‐integrins on circulating eosinophils after segmental antigen challenge
Authors: Johansson M. W. , Gunderson K. A. , Kelly E. A. B. , Denlinger L. C. , Jarjour N. N. , Mosher D. F. 
Published: July 2012

SummaryBackgroundIL‐5 activates αMβ2 integrin on blood eosinophils in vitro. Eosinophils in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) following segmental antigen challenge have activated β2‐integrins.ObjectiveTo identify roles for IL‐5 in regulating human eosinophil integrins in vivo.MethodsBlood and BAL eosinophils were analysed by flow cytometry in ten subjects with allergic asthma who underwent a segmental antigen challenge protocol before and after anti‐IL‐5 administration.ResultsBlood eosinophil reactivity with monoclonal antibody (mAb) KIM‐127, which recognizes partially activated β2‐integrins, was decreased after anti‐IL‐5. Before anti‐IL‐5, surface densities of blood eosinophil β2, αM and αL integrin subunits increased modestly post challenge. After anti‐IL‐5, such increases did not occur. Before or after anti‐IL‐5, surface densities of β2, αM, αL and αD and reactivity with KIM‐127 and mAb CBRM1/5, which recognizes high‐activity αMβ2, were similarly high on BAL eosinophils 48 h post‐challenge. Density and activation state of β1‐integrins on blood and BAL eosinophils were not impacted by anti‐IL‐5, even though anti‐IL‐5 ablated a modest post‐challenge increase on blood or BAL eosinophils of P‐selectin glycoprotein ligand‐1 (PSGL‐1), a receptor for P‐selectin that causes activation of β1‐integrins. Forward scatter of blood eosinophils post‐challenge was less heterogeneous and on the average decreased after anti‐IL‐5; however, anti‐IL‐5 had no effect on the decreased forward scatter of eosinophils in post‐challenge BAL compared with eosinophils in blood. Blood eosinophil KIM‐127 reactivity at the time of challenge correlated with the percentage of eosinophils in BAL post‐challenge.Conclusion and Clinical RelevanceIL‐5 supports a heterogeneous population of circulating eosinophils with partially activated β2‐integrins and is responsible for up‐regulation of β2‐integrins and PSGL‐1 on circulating eosinophils following segmental antigen challenge but has minimal effects on properties of eosinophils in BAL. Dampening of β2‐integrin function of eosinophils in transit to inflamed airway may contribute to the decrease in lung inflammation caused by anti‐IL‐5.
Lipid transfer protein syndrome: clinical pattern, cofactor effect and profile of molecular sensitization to plant‐foods and pollens
Authors: Pascal M. , Muñoz‐Cano R. , Reina Z. , Palacín A. , Vilella R. , Picado C. , Juan M. , Sánchez‐López J. , Rueda M. , Salcedo G. , Valero A. , Yagüe J. , Bartra J. 
Published: July 2012

SummaryBackgroundMultiple plant‐food sensitizations with a complex pattern of clinical manifestations are a common feature of lipid transfer protein (LTP)‐allergic patients. Component‐resolved diagnosis permits the diagnosis of the allergen sensitization profile.ObjectiveWe sought to clinically characterize and describe the plant‐food and pollen molecular sensitization profile in patients with LTP syndrome.MethodsForty‐five subjects were recruited, after being diagnosed with multiple plant‐food allergies sensitized to LTP, but not to any other plant‐food allergen, according to the molecular allergen panel tested (Pru p 3 (LTP), Pru p 1 (Bet v 1‐like), Pru p 4 (profilin) and those included in a commercial microarray of 103 allergenic components). IgE‐mediated food‐allergy symptoms and pollinosis were collected. Patients were skin prick tested with a plant‐food and pollens panel, and specific IgE to Tri a 14 was evaluated.ResultsA heterogeneous group of plant‐foods was involved in local and systemic symptoms: oral allergy syndrome (75.6%), urticaria (66.7%), gastrointestinal disorders (55.6%) and anaphylaxis (75.6%), 32.4% of which were cofactor dependent (Non‐Steroidal Anti‐inflammatory Drugs, exercise). All tested subjects were positive to peach and Pru p 3, Tri a 14 and to some of the LTPs included in the microarray. Pollinosis was diagnosed in 75.6% of subjects, with a broad spectrum of pollen and pollen‐allergen sensitization. Plane tree and mugwort were the statistically significant pollens associated with Pru p 3.Conclusions and Clinical RelevanceSeveral plant‐foods, taxonomically unrelated, independent of peach involvement, are implicated in LTP syndrome. Local symptoms should be evaluated as a risk marker for anaphylaxis because they are frequently associated with cofactor‐dependent anaphylaxis. The association of these symptoms with pollinosis, especially plane tree pollinosis, could be part of this syndrome in our area.
Elevated neutrophil elastase and acrolein-protein adducts are associated with W256 regression
Authors: Jaganjac M , Poljak-Blazi M , Schaur R J , Zarkovic K , Borovic S , Cipak A , Cindric M , Uchida K , Waeg G , Zarkovic N 
Published: July 2012

Summary
The involvement of granulocytes in immune response against cancer is not well understood. Depending on the cytokine milieu in which they act and on their oxidative burst, granulocytes may play either an inhibitory or stimulatory role in tumour growth. Unsaturated fatty acids, essential components of cellular membranes and storage lipids, are susceptible to granulocyte-derived reactive oxygen species (ROS). ROS can induce lipid peroxidation (LPO) resulting in the destruction of biomembranes. Thus, murine W256 tumour progressing and tumour regressing animal models were used to study the involvement of plasma inflammatory mediators and oxidative burst of circulating granulocytes in malignant destruction and detrimental tumour growth. The involvement of LPO-derived aldehydes (i.e. acrolein, 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal and malondialdehyde) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) appearance in the granulocyte anti-cancer response were further evaluated. The results obtained revealed a significant increase in neutrophil elastase in animals with regressing tumour. Furthermore, the presence of MPO in tumour microenvironment was accompanied by the formation of acrolein only 5 h after tumour transplantation and its presence increased during tumour regression. Later, at an early stage of tumour regression, the presence of other LPO-derived aldehydes were also observed. The results obtained suggest that elevated neutrophil elastase and initiation of LPO may play an important role in the tumour development leading to tumour regression.
T cell phenotypes in patients with common variable immunodeficiency disorders: associations with clinical phenotypes in comparison with other groups with recurrent infections
Authors: Bateman E A L , Ayers L , Sadler R , Lucas M , Roberts C , Woods A , Packwood K , Burden J , Harrison D , Kaenzig N , Lee M , Chapel H M , Ferry B L 
Published: July 2012

Summary
Common variable immunodeficiency disorders (CVID) are a group of heterogeneous conditions that have in common primary failure of B cell function, although numerous T cell abnormalities have been described, including reduced proliferative response and reduced regulatory T cells. This study compared the T cell phenotype of CVID patients subdivided into clinical phenotypes as well as patients with partial antibody deficiencies [immunoglobulin (Ig)G subclass deficiency and selective IgA deficiency], X-linked agammaglobulinaemia (XLA) and healthy and disease controls. Absolute numbers of T cell subpopulations were measured by four-colour flow cytometry: naive T cells, central and effector memory and terminally differentiated (TEM) T cells, using CD45RA and CCR7 expression. Early, intermediate and late differentiation status of T cells was measured by CD27/CD28 expression. Putative follicular T cells, recent thymic emigrants and regulatory T cells were also assessed. Significant reduction in naive CD4 T cells, with reduced total CD4 and recent thymic emigrant numbers, was observed in CVID patients, most pronounced in those with autoimmune cytopenias or polyclonal lymphoproliferation. These findings suggest a lack of replenishment by new thymically derived cells. CD8 naive T cells were reduced in CVID patients, most significantly in the autoimmune cytopenia subgroup. There was a reduction in early differentiated CD4 and CD8 T cells and increased CD8 TEM in the CVID patients, particularly autoimmune cytopenia and polyclonal lymphoproliferation subgroups, suggesting a more activated T cell phenotype, due perhaps to an antigen-driven process. XLA patients had significantly reduced putative follicular T cells, which may depend on B cells for survival, while no significant alterations were observed in the T cells of those with IgG subclass deficiency or selective IgA deficiency.