bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Novel Pathway Responsible for Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Translational Regulation of TNF-α and IL-6 Expression Involves Protein Kinase C and Fascin
Authors: Kim Jae-Kwan , Lee Sang-Min , Suk Kyoungho , Lee Won-Ha 
Published: November 2011

Abstract
Fascin, as a substrate of protein kinase C (PKC), is a well-known cytoskeletal regulatory protein required for cell migration, invasion, and adhesion in normal and cancer cells. In an effort to identify the role of fascin in PKC-mediated cellular signaling, its expression was suppressed by stable transfection of specific short hairpin RNAs (shRNAs) in mouse monocytic leukemia RAW264.7 cells. Suppression of fascin expression resulted in impaired cellular migration and invasion through extracellular matrix proteins. Unexpectedly, the specific shRNA transfectants exhibited a marked reduction in LPS-induced expression of TNF-α and IL-6 by blocking the translation of their mRNAs. Transient transfection assay using a luciferase expression construct containing the 3′ untranslated region of TNF-α or IL-6 mRNA revealed a significant reduction in both LPS- and PMA- (the direct activator of PKC) induced reporter activity in cells transfected with fascin-specific shRNA, indicating that fascin-mediated translational regulation targeted 3′ untranslated region. Furthermore, LPS-induced translational activation of reporter expression was blocked by a pharmacological inhibitor of PKC, and the dominant-negative form of PKCα attenuated LPS-induced translational activation. The same type of regulation was also observed in the human monocytic leukemia cell line THP-1 and in mouse peritoneal macrophages. These data demonstrate the involvement of fascin in the PKC-mediated translational regulation of TNF-α and IL-6 expression during the LPS response.
BAFF/APRIL Inhibition Decreases Selection of Naive but Not Antigen-Induced Autoreactive B Cells in Murine Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Authors: Huang Weiqing , Moisini Ioana , Bethunaickan Ramalingam , Sahu Ranjit , Akerman Meredith , Eilat Dan , Lesser Martin , Davidson Anne 
Published: November 2011

Abstract
BAFF inhibition is a new B cell-directed therapeutic strategy for autoimmune disease. Our purpose was to analyze the effect of BAFF/APRIL availability on the naive and Ag-activated B cell repertoires in systemic lupus erythematosus, using the autoreactive germline D42 H chain (glD42H) site-directed transgenic NZB/W mouse. In this article, we show that the naive Vκ repertoire in both young and diseased glD42H NZB/W mice is dominated by five L chains that confer no or low-affinity polyreactivity. In contrast, glD42H B cells expressing L chains that confer high-affinity autoreactivity are mostly deleted before the mature B cell stage, but are positively selected and expanded in the germinal centers (GCs) as the mice age. Of these, the most abundant is VκRF (Vκ16-104*01), which is expressed by almost all IgG anti-DNA hybridomas derived from the glD42H mouse. Competition with nonautoreactive B cells or BAFF/APRIL inhibition significantly inhibited selection of glD42H B cells at the late transitional stage, with only subtle effects on the glD42H-associated L chain repertoire. However, glD42H/VκRF-encoded B cells were still vastly overrepresented in the GC, and serum IgG anti-DNA Abs arose with only a slight delay. Thus, although BAFF/APRIL inhibition increases the stringency of negative selection of the naive autoreactive B cell repertoire in NZB/W mice, it does not correct the major breach in B cell tolerance that occurs at the GC checkpoint.
Organic Thin‐Film Transistors for Chemical and Biological Sensing
Authors: Lin Peng , Yan Feng 
Published: November 2011

AbstractOrganic thin‐film transistors (OTFTs) show promising applications in various chemical and biological sensors. The advantages of OTFT‐based sensors include high sensitivity, low cost, easy fabrication, flexibility and biocompatibility. In this paper, we review the chemical sensors and biosensors based on two types of OTFTs, including organic field‐effect transistors (OFETs) and organic electrochemical transistors (OECTs), mainly focusing on the papers published in the past 10 years. Various types of OTFT‐based sensors, including pH, ion, glucose, DNA, enzyme, antibody‐antigen, cell‐based sensors, dopamine sensor, etc., are classified and described in the paper in sequence. The sensing mechanisms and the detection limits of the devices are described in details. It is expected that OTFTs may have more important applications in chemical and biological sensing with the development of organic electronics.
Dynamic layer‐by‐layer self‐assembly of organic–inorganic composite hollow fiber membranes
Authors: Wang Naixin , Zhang Guojun , Ji Shulan , Fan Yiqun 
Published: November 2011

AbstractMultilayer membranes constructed layer‐by‐layer (LbL) is finding increasing importance in many separation applications. The efficient construction of LbL multilayer on to hollow fiber substrates may offer many new opportunities for industrial applications. An organic–inorganic composite hollow fiber membrane has been developed using a dynamic LbL self‐assembly. This poly(acrylic acid)/poly(ethyleneimine) multilayer was dynamically assembled onto the inner surfaces of ceramic hollow fiber porous substrates pretreated by Dynasylan Ameo silane coupling agents. The hollow fibers were subsequently heat crosslinked to obtain stable permselective membranes. The formation of multilayers on the hollow fibers was characterized with a SEM, EDX, an electrokinetic analyzer and IR spectra. The effects of layer number, feed temperature and water content in the feed on the pervaporation performance have been investigated. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of LbL assembly of polymer building blocks onto ceramic hollow fiber porous substrates. © 2011 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 58: 3176–3182, 2012
Array‐CGH and clinical characterization in a patient with subtelomeric 6p deletion without ocular dysgenesis
Authors: Piccione Maria , Antona R. , Salzano E. , Cavani S. , Malacarne M. , Morreale Bubella R. , Pierluigi M. , Viaggi C.D. , Corsello Giovanni 
Published: November 2011

AbstractSubtelomeric terminal 6p deletion has been recognized as a clinically identifiable syndrome including facial dysmorphism, malformation of the anterior eye chamber, hearing loss, heart defects, and developmental delay. Genotype–phenotype correlations of previously published patients have strongly suggested anterior eye segment anomalies as one of the major malformations of the syndrome if the critical 6p25 region contains the FOXC 1 gene. In addition, the presence in this region of one or more genes involved in hearing loss has been hypothesized. We report a patient with a 47,XYY karyotype and submicroscopic terminal 6p deletion. Further characterization of the deletion with array comparative genome hybridization also revealed a cryptic microduplication on chromosome 19. The patient showed dysmorphic features, neuromotor retardation, and profound language impairment, in absence of hearing loss and structural eye anomalies. As far as we know this is the first reported terminal 6p25.1 deletion case without eye dysgenesis precisely characterized by array‐CGH. Our result suggests that the genes in this region may not be obvious candidates for hearing loss and demonstrate the need for further elucidation of the function of the genes involved in eye developmental processes. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Auriculo‐condylar syndrome. Confronting a diagnostic challenge
Authors: Kokitsu‐Nakata Nancy Mizue , Zechi‐Ceide Roseli Maria , Vendramini‐Pittoli Siulan , Romanelli Tavares Vanessa Luiza , Passos‐Bueno Maria Rita , Guion‐Almeida Maria Leine 
Published: November 2011

AbstractAuriculo‐condylar syndrome (ACS) is characterized by typical ears malformation (so‐called “question mark” ears), prominent cheeks, microstomia, and abnormality of the temporomandibular joint and condyle of the mandible. In this report we describe a new simplex case and a previously unreported family with affected individuals in three generations documenting clinical variability. Linkage study for markers located in candidate region for ACS1 (1p21.1–q23.3) was excluded in our familial case, reinforcing the hypothesis of genetic heterogeneity for this condition. A review of the literature focusing diagnostic criteria and features of ACS was performed. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Long QT, syndactyly, joint contractures, stroke and novel CACNA1C mutation: Expanding the spectrum of Timothy syndrome
Authors: Gillis Jane , Burashnikov Elena , Antzelevitch Charles , Blaser Susan , Gross Gil , Turner Lesley , Babul‐Hirji Riyana , Chitayat David 
Published: November 2011

AbstractTimothy syndrome (TS) is an autosomal dominant condition with the constellation of features including prolonged QT interval, hand and foot abnormalities, and mental retardation or autism. Splawski et al. [2004] previously described two phenotypes associated with TS distinguished by two unique and different mutations within the CACNA1C gene. We report on a newborn who presented with prolonged QT interval and associated polymorphic ventricular tachycardia, dysmorphic facial features, syndactyly of the hands and feet, and joint contractures, suggestive of TS. He developed a stroke, subsequent intractable seizures, and was found to have cortical blindness and later profound developmental delay. Initial targeted mutation analysis did not identify either of the previously described TS associated mutations; however, full gene sequencing detected a novel CACNA1C gene mutation (p.Ala1473Gly). The clinical and genetic findings in our case expand both the clinical and molecular knowledge of TS. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Trends in occurrence of twin births in Japan
Authors: Kurosawa Kenji , Masuno Mitsuo , Kuroki Yoshikazu 
Published: November 2011

AbstractThe rise in the rate of multiple births since the 1980s is due to the effect of advanced maternal age and increased use of assisted reproductive technology (ART). To determine the trends of prevalence in twin births, we studied the data of a population‐based birth defects monitoring system during 26 years in Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan. A total of 15,380 twins from 7,690 deliveries were ascertained from 990,978 births in the Kanagawa Birth Defects Monitoring Program (KAMP) during 1981–2008. From the start of KAMP in 1981, the incidence of twin births had been consistently increasing from 57.0 to 98.6 per 10,000 deliveries until 2003, but after this time, the incidence declined to 78.5 in 2007. While the rate of monozygotic twins has been stable (∼40 per 10,000 deliveries) after 1990, that of dizygotic twins increased from 25.3 to 57.3 per 10,000 deliveries until 2002, and recovered to 40.1 in 2007. These results showed the most recent tendency of twin births and indicated that the single embryo transfer method can provide protection and reduction of perinatal risk caused by multiple births. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Early infantile epileptic encephalopathy associated with the disrupted gene encoding Slit‐Robo Rho GTPase activating protein 2 (SRGAP2)
Authors: Saitsu Hirotomo , Osaka Hitoshi , Sugiyama Shirou , Kurosawa Kenji , Mizuguchi Takeshi , Nishiyama Kiyomi , Nishimura Akira , Tsurusaki Yoshinori , Doi Hiroshi , Miyake Noriko , Harada Naoki , Kato Mitsuhiro , Matsumoto Naomichi 
Published: November 2011

AbstractWe report on a female patient with early infantile epileptic encephalopathy and severe psychomotor disability possessing a de novo balanced translocation t(1;9)(q32;q13). The patient showed clonic convulsions of extremities 2 days after birth. Electroencephalogram (EEG) transiently showed atypical suppression‐burst pattern. The seizures evolved to brief tonic spasms, and hypsarrhythmia on EEG was noticed at age of 5 months, indicating the transition to West syndrome. By using fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH), southern hybridization, and inverse PCR, the translocation breakpoints were successfully determined at the nucleotide level. The 1q32.1 breakpoint was located within a segmental duplication and disrupted the gene encoding Slit‐Robo Rho GTPase activating protein 2 (SRGAP2). The 9q13 breakpoint was suggested to reside in the heterochromatin region. Srgap2 has been shown to be specifically expressed in developing brain of rodents, negatively regulate neuronal migration and induce neurite outgrowth and branching. Thus, SRGAP2 is very likely to play a role in the developing human brain. This is a first report of the SRGAP2 abnormality associated with early infantile epileptic encephalopathy. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Recombinant chromosome 7 in a mosaic 45,X/47,XXX patient
Authors: Tirado Carlos A. , Gotway Garrett , Torgbe Emmanuel , Iyer Santha , Dallaire Stephanie , Appleberry Taylor , Suterwala Mohamed , Garcia Rolando , Valdez Federico , Patel Sangeeta , Koduru Prasad 
Published: November 2011

AbstractIndividuals with pericentric inversions are at risk for producing offspring with chromosomal gains and losses, while those carrying paracentric inversions usually produce unviable gametes [Madan, 1995]. In this current study, we present a newborn with dysmorphic features and malformations, whose karyotype showed an abnormal copy of chromomosome 7 described at first as add(7)(q32) as well as mos 45,X/47,XXX. Array comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) revealed an interstitial deletion in the long arm of chromosome 7 involving bands q35 to q36.3 but retaining the 7q subtelomere. The patient's deletion is believed to be due to meiotic recombination in the inversion loop in the phenotypically normal father who seems to carry two paracentric inversions in the long arm of chromosome 7, which was described as rec(7)(7pter‐ > q35::q36.3‐ > 7qter)pat. The abnormal copy of chromosome 7 in the father has been described as: der(7)(7pter‐ > q22.1::q36.3‐ > q35::q22.1‐ > q35::q36.3‐ > 7qter). This is a unique karyotype that to our knowledge has not been previously reported in the literature and predisposes to meiotic recombination that can result in deletions or duplications of 7q35–36. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
MBTPS2 mutation causes BRESEK/BRESHECK syndrome
Authors: Naiki Misako , Mizuno Seiji , Yamada Kenichiro , Yamada Yasukazu , Kimura Reiko , Oshiro Makoto , Okamoto Nobuhiko , Makita Yoshio , Seishima Mariko , Wakamatsu Nobuaki 
Published: November 2011

AbstractBRESEK/BRESHECK syndrome is a multiple congenital malformation characterized by brain anomalies, intellectual disability, ectodermal dysplasia, skeletal deformities, ear or eye anomalies, and renal anomalies or small kidneys, with or without Hirschsprung disease and cleft palate or cryptorchidism. This syndrome has only been reported in three male patients. Here, we report on the fourth male patient presenting with brain anomaly, intellectual disability, growth retardation, ectodermal dysplasia, vertebral (skeletal) anomaly, Hirschsprung disease, low‐set and large ears, cryptorchidism, and small kidneys. These manifestations fulfill the clinical diagnostic criteria of BRESHECK syndrome. Since all patients with BRESEK/BRESHECK syndrome are male, and X‐linked syndrome of ichthyosis follicularis with atrichia and photophobia is sometimes associated with several features of BRESEK/BRESHECK syndrome such as intellectual disability, vertebral and renal anomalies, and Hirschsprung disease, we analyzed the causal gene of ichthyosis follicularis with atrichia and photophobia syndrome, MBTPS2, in the present patient and identified an p.Arg429His mutation. This mutation has been reported to cause the most severe type of ichthyosis follicularis with atrichia and photophobia syndrome, including neonatal and infantile death. These results demonstrate that the p.Arg429His mutation in MBTPS2 causes BRESEK/BRESHECK syndrome. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Accelerated ultraviolet aging study of the Vectran fiber
Authors: Liu Yuyan , Zhang Chunhua , Liu Yuting , Tan Huifeng , Wang Changguo 
Published: November 2011

AbstractAging behavior of Vectran fiber exposed to ultraviolet (UV) radiation was investigated. Vectran fiber was subjected to UV‐accelerated degradation environment. Tensile strength of Vectran fiber was determined at room temperature using a two‐parameter Weibull distribution. The average tensile strength loss was 42.75% when the irradiation time reached 186 h. The surface morphology of the degraded fiber was examined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and 13C‐NMR were used to provide a molecular characterization of fibers. SEM and AFM showed that UV exposure result in microvoids on the surface of fibers. The results of the XPS and 13C‐NMR indicated that the UV radiation could lead to chain scission of fiber surface layer. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012
Synthesis and application of methyl methacrylate/butyl acrylate copolymer nanoemulsions as efficient retanning and lubricating agents for chrome‐tanned leather
Authors: Nashy EL‐Shahat H. A. , Essa Mohamed M. , Hussain Ahmed I. 
Published: November 2011

AbstractTwo different nano‐emulsions based on methyl methacrylate/butyl acrylate copolymers have been synthesized to be used as retanning and lubricating agents for chrome‐tanned leather. The main difference and characteristics of the two prepared copolymers were studied. The nano particle size of the two copolymers was confirmed using transmission electron microscope (TEM). The influence of the prepared copolymers on chrome‐tanned leather as retanning agents was investigated. The properties of the retanned leather, namely, physicomechanical properties as tensile strength, elongation at break and water absorption, were measured. Thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) technique was used to examine the thermal stability of the retanned leather. Also, the texture of the grain surface and fibers were inspected using scanning electron microscope (SEM). The retanned leather showed an improvement in its physicomechanical properties, as well as enhancement of its thermal stability as compared with the chrome‐tanned leather. Furthermore, the retanned leather has uniform dyestuff, softness, and firmness of grain. All these promising results provide evidence to the applicability of the prepared copolymer emulsions as efficient retanning and lubricating agents for chrome‐tanned leather. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012
Synthesis and characterization of tanninsulfonic acid doped polyaniline–metal oxide nanocomposites
Authors: Bairi Venu Gopal , Warford Brock A. , Bourdo Shawn E. , Biris Alexandru S. , Viswanathan Tito 
Published: November 2011

AbstractComposites of conducting polymers and metal oxides have a potential role in electronic devices because of their enhanced physical and electronic properties. Anin situsynthesis of metal oxide nanocomposites of polyaniline (PANI) and tanninsulfonic acid doped PANI was carried out at −10°C with two different ratios of aniline to sodium persulfate (oxidant) and the simultaneous incorporation of TiO2, Al2O3, and ZnO nanopowders. The products were characterized by X‐ray diffraction (XRD), thermal analysis, spectroscopy, and electrical conductivity measurements. XRD and thermogravimetric analysis confirmed the presence of the metal oxide in the final product, whereas the spectroscopic characterization revealed interactions among the tannin, metal oxides, and PANI. The electrical properties were determined by four‐point‐probe bulk conductivity measurements. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012
Quantitative analysis of cloisite 93A infused into linear low‐density polyethylene and maleated linear low‐density polyethylene in a supercritical carbon dioxide medium
Authors: Factor Matthew , Lee Sunggyu 
Published: November 2011

AbstractLinear low‐density polyethylene (LLDPE) is a widely used polymer that can benefit from the enhanced barrier, thermal, and mechanical properties offered by nanoclay fillers. However, optimal property enhancement requires complete exfoliation and uniform dispersion, both of which are difficult to achieve with nanoclay fillers. Supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO2) processing is an inexpensive and environmentally benign method for exfoliating and dispersing clays into polymers. In a scCO2 medium under controlled environments, the organically modified clay Cloisite 93A was infused into LLDPE and maleated linear low‐density polyethylene (LLDPE‐g‐MA). Upon microscopic inspection, it was evident that clay infusion was achieved near the surface of the polymer pellet, but no clay found its way into the interior of the pellet. In this article, we describe an analytical method for determining the amount of nanoclay infused into a polymer matrix via Fourier transform infrared analysis. Using this method, we determined the weight percentage of Cloisite 93A infused into LLDPE and LLDPE‐g‐MA. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012
Effect of polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane on water sorption and surface property of Bis‐GMA/TEGDMa composites
Authors: Song Jiangxuan , Zhao Junfeng , Ding Yun , Chen Guangxin , Sun Xulong , Sun Da , Li Qifang 
Published: November 2011

Abstract2,2‐Bis[4‐(2‐hydroxy‐3‐methacryloxypropoxy)phenyl]propane (Bis‐GMA), one of the most important light‐curable dimethacrylate resins, is widely used as dental restorative material. However, one problem of Bis‐GMA is the high water sorption due to the hydrophilic hydroxyl (–OH) group, resulting in a short life in actual application. In this study, to overcome the drawback stated above, novel organic–inorganic dimethacrylate monomer containing polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes (POSS), Bis‐GMA‐graft‐POSS, is synthesized via the nucleophilic addition reaction of isocyanate functionalized POSS (IPOSS) and pendent hydroxyl group of Bis‐GMA. Then the as‐synthesized Bis‐GMA‐graft‐POSS, of which hydroxyl group was substituted by hydrophobic POSS, is also introduced into the Bis‐GMA/TEGDMA matrix to prepare a series of methacrylate‐based hybrids for dental materials under visible light with camphorquinone and ethyl‐4N,N‐dimethy‐laminobenzoae (EDMAB) as initiator and coinitiator, respectively. Compared to Bis‐GMA/TEGDMA composites, water sorption of modified composites can be significantly reduced with the addition of Bis‐GMA‐graft‐POSS. Moreover, the Bis‐GMA/TEGDMA/POSS hybrids show hydrophobic surfaces, leading to much higher water contact angles than that of Bis‐GMA/TEGDMA composites. The morphology of hybrids containing POSS was furthermore studied by X‐ray diffraction (XRD) analysis and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The results show that POSS disperses in the matrix in noncrystalline form and tend to migrate to the surface of the modified composites that lead to the lower water sorption and higher water contact angles. These results are very useful for design of novel methacrylate monomers and clinical application. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012
Blends of LDPE/chitosan using epoxy‐functionalized LDPE as compatibilizer
Authors: Prasanna K. , Sailaja R. R. N. 
Published: November 2011

AbstractLDPE and chitosan blends were prepared using an epoxy‐functionalized polyethylene as compatibilizing agent for improving interfacial adhesion. Compatibilization improved both tensile and flexural properties (with values approaching close to that of neat LDPE) when compared with that of uncompatibilized blends. However, the elongation at break reduced due to the addition of rigid chitosan. Thermogravimetric analysis showed a two‐stage degradation, while differential scanning calorimetry exhibited reduced crystallinity for compatibilized blends. Biodegradation studies revealed increased biodegradability with increase in chitosan loading. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012