bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Can sugar taxes be used for financing surgical systems in Nigeria? A mixed-methods political economy analysis
Authors: Ifeanyichi Martilord , Dim Cyril , Bognini Maeve , Kebede Meskerem , Singh Darshita , Onwujekwe Obinna , Hargest Rachel , Friebel Rocco 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
This study determined the feasibility of investing revenues raised through Nigeria’s sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) tax of 10 Naira/l to support the implementation of the National, Surgical, Obstetrics, Anaesthesia and Nursing Plan, which aims to strengthen access to surgical care in the country. We conducted a mixed-methods political economy analysis. This included a modelling exercise to predict the revenues from Nigeria’s SSB tax based on its current tax rate over a period of 5 years, and for several scenarios such as a 20% ad valorem tax recommended by the World Health Organization. We performed a gap analysis to explore the differences between fiscal space provided by the tax and the implementation cost of the surgical plan. We conducted qualitative interviews with key stakeholders and performed thematic analyses to identify opportunities and barriers for financing surgery through tax revenues. At its current rate, the SSB tax policy has the potential to generate 35 914 111 USD in year 1, and 189 992 739 USD over 5 years. Compared with the 5-year adjusted surgical plan cost of 20 billion USD, the tax accounts for ∼1% of the investment required. There is a substantial scope for further increases in the tax rate in Nigeria, yielding potential revenues of up to 107 663 315 USD, annually. Despite an existing momentum to improve surgical care, there is no impetus to earmark sugar tax revenues for surgery. Primary healthcare and the prevention and treatment of non-communicable diseases present as the most favoured investment areas. Consensus within the medical community on importance of primary healthcare, along the recent government transition in Nigeria, offers a policy window for promoting a higher SSB tax rate and an adoption of other sin taxes to generate earmarked funds for the healthcare system. Evidence-based advocacy is necessary to promote the benefits from investing into surgery.
Genetic correlation between circulating cytokines and risk of three ophthalmic diseases: a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Zhang Xin , Fu Qiangqiang , Cai Yuying , Li Xianglian , Chen Li , Jiang Yaping , Chen Yihui 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Purpose
Pathogenesis and the associated risk factors of cataracts, glaucoma, and age-related macular degeneration (AMD) remain unclear. We aimed to investigate causal relationships between circulating cytokine levels and the development of these diseases.

Patients and methods
Genetic instrumental variables for circulating cytokines were derived from a genome-wide association study of 8293 European participants. Summary-level data for AMD, glaucoma, and senile cataract were obtained from the FinnGen database. The inverse variance weighted (IVW) was the main Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis method. The Cochran’s Q, MR-Egger regression, and MR pleiotropy residual sum and outlier test were used for sensitivity analysis.

Results
Based on the IVW method, MR analysis demonstrated five circulating cytokines suggestively associated with AMD (SCGF-β, 1.099 [95%CI, 1.037–1.166], P = 0.002; SCF, 1.155 [95%CI, 1.015–1.315], P = 0.029; MCP-1, 1.103 [95%CI, 1.012–1.202], P = 0.026; IL-10, 1.102 [95%CI, 1.012–1.200], P = 0.025; eotaxin, 1.086 [95%CI, 1.002–1.176], P = 0.044), five suggestively linked with glaucoma (MCP-1, 0.945 [95%CI, 0.894–0.999], P = 0.047; IL1ra, 0.886 [95%CI, 0.809–0.969], P = 0.008; IL-1β, 0.866 [95%CI, 0.762–0.983], P = 0.027; IL-9, 0.908 [95%CI, 0.841–0.980], P = 0.014; IL2ra, 1.065 [95%CI, 1.004–1.130], P = 0.035), and four suggestively associated with senile cataract (TRAIL, 1.043 [95%CI, 1.009–1.077], P = 0.011; IL-16, 1.032 [95%CI, 1.001–1.064], P = 0.046; IL1ra, 0.942 [95%CI, 0.887–0.999], P = 0.047; FGF-basic, 1.144 [95%CI, 1.052–1.244], P = 0.002). Furthermore, sensitivity analysis results supported the above associations.

Conclusion
This study highlights the involvement of several circulating cytokines in the development ophthalmic diseases and holds potential as viable pharmacological targets for these diseases.
A challenging case of severe bilateral septic arthritis with osteomyelitis of the sternoclavicular joint in a patient with end-stage renal disease
Authors: Khoo Chun Yuet , Chia Cynthia Ming Li 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Septic arthritis of the sternoclavicular joint (SCJ) is a rare condition that comprises &lt;1% of all joint infections. We report a case of severe bilateral septic arthritis of the SCJ in a patient with end-stage renal disease on peritoneal dialysis. A 44-year-old female presented with right SCJ infection 1 month after recovering from a tenckhoff catheter exit-site infection. She completed 6 weeks of antibiotics however this progressed to bilateral SCJ septic arthritis with osteomyelitis necessitating multiple surgical debridement and excision of bilateral clavicular heads. Further imaging showed signs of renal osteodystrophy and degenerative joint changes resembling calcium pyrophosphate deposition. Patients with end-stage renal disease have multiple risk factors including immune system dysfunction, renal osteodystrophy and dialysis access sites that increase susceptibility to bacteraemia and seeding. Therefore in such patients, prompt assessment is necessary to ensure expeditious diagnosis and treatment of this potentially debilitating condition. A multidisciplinary team involving various specialties is crucial for the holistic care for such patients and to reduce the risk of recurrence.
Dietary intake of copper and gastric cancer: a pooled analysis within the Stomach cancer Pooling (StoP) Project
Authors: Sassano Michele , Collatuzzo Giulia , Seyyedsalehi Monireh Sadat , Pelucchi Claudio , Bonzi Rossella , Palli Domenico , Ferraroni Monica , Lunet Nuno , Morais Samantha , López-Carrillo Lizbeth , Malekzadeh Reza , Pakseresht Mohammadreza , López-Cervantes Malaquias , Ward Mary H , Camargo Maria Constanza , Curado Maria Paula , Vioque Jesùs , Zhang Zuo-Feng , Boccia Stefania , Negri Eva , La Vecchia Carlo , Boffetta Paolo 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background
Evidence on the potential association between dietary copper intake and gastric cancer (GC) is lacking. Thus, we aimed to evaluate this association within the Stomach cancer Pooling (StoP) Project—an international consortium of epidemiological studies on GC.

Methods
Data from five case–control studies within the StoP Project were included (2448 cases, 4350 controls). We estimated adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% CIs for the association between dietary copper intake and GC using multivariable mixed-effects logistic regression models. We also modelled the dose–response relationship between copper intake and GC using a logistic mixed-effects model with fractional polynomial.

Results
The OR for the highest quartile of copper intake compared with the lowest one was 0.78 (95% CI: 0.63–0.95; P for trend = 0.013). Results were similar for non-cardia-type (OR: 0.72; 95% CI: 0.57–0.91), intestinal-type (OR: 0.75; 95% CI: 0.56–0.99) and other histological-type GC (OR: 0.65; 95% CI: 0.44–0.96). The dose–response analysis showed a steep decrease in ORs for modest intakes (&lt;1 mg/day), which were subsequently steady for ≤3 mg/day (OR: 0.09; 95% CI: 0.02–0.41) and slowly increased for higher intakes.

Conclusions
The findings of our large study suggest that copper intake might be inversely associated with GC, although their confirmation by prospective studies is required.
Efficacy and Safety of a Tetravalent Dengue Vaccine (TAK-003) in Children With Prior Japanese Encephalitis or Yellow Fever Vaccination
Authors: Sirivichayakul Chukiat , Biswal Shibadas , Saez-Llorens Xavier , López-Medina Eduardo , Borja-Tabora Charissa , Bravo Lulu , Kosalaraksa Pope , Alera Maria Theresa , Reynales Humberto , Rivera Luis , Watanaveeradej Veerachai , Yu Delia , Espinoza Felix , Dietze Reynaldo , Fernando LakKumar , Wickramasinghe V Pujitha , Moreira Edson Duarte , Fernando Asvini D , Gunasekera Dulanie , Luz Kleber , Venâncio da Cunha Rivaldo , Oliveira Ana Lucia , Rauscher Martina , Fan Huihao , Borkowski Astrid , Escudero Ian , Tuboi Suely , Lloyd Eric , Tricou Vianney , Folschweiller Nicolas , LeFevre Inge , Vargas Luis Martinez , Wallace Derek ,   for the TIDES Study Group, Fernando Asvini , Borja-Tabora Charissa , Sirivichayakul Chukiat , Yu Delia , Gunasekera Dulanie , López-Medina Eduardo , Rodriguez-Arenales Edith Johanna , Moreira Edson Duarte , Espinoza Felix , Velásquez Hector , Reynales Humberto , Luz Kleber , Jimeno Jose , Fernando LakKumar , Bravo Lulu , Vargas Luis Martinez , Rivera Luis , Alera Maria Theresa , Manacharoen Onanong , Lopez Pio , Kosalaraksa Pope , Pujitha Wickramasinghe V , Dietze Reynaldo , da Cunha Rivaldo Venâncio , Watanaveeradej Veerachai , Saez-Llorens Xavier , Brose Manja , Biswal Shibadas , Hutagalung Yanee , Tuboi Suely 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background
We explored the impact of prior yellow fever (YF) or Japanese encephalitis (JE) vaccination on the efficacy of Takeda's dengue vaccine candidate, TAK-003.

Methods
Children 4–16 years of age were randomized 2:1 to receive TAK-003 or placebo and were under active febrile surveillance. Symptomatic dengue was confirmed by serotype-specific reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction. YF and JE vaccination history was recorded.

Results
Of the 20 071 children who received TAK-003 or placebo, 21.1% had a YF and 23.9% had a JE vaccination history at randomization. Fifty-seven months after vaccination, vaccine efficacy (95% confidence interval) was 55.7% (39.7%–67.5%) in those with YF vaccination, 77.8% (70.8%–83.1%) for JE vaccination, and 53.5% (45.4%–60.4%) for no prior YF/JE vaccination. Regional differences in serotype distribution confound these results. The apparent higher vaccine efficacy in the JE vaccination subgroup could be largely explained by serotype-specific efficacy of TAK-003. Within 28 days of any vaccination, the proportions of participants with serious adverse events in the YF/JE prior vaccination population were comparable between the TAK-003 and placebo groups.

Conclusions
The available data do not suggest a clinically relevant impact of prior JE or YF vaccination on TAK-003 performance. Overall, TAK-003 was well-tolerated and efficacious in different epidemiological settings.
Clinical Trials Registration.  NCT02747927.
A Qualitative Descriptive Exploration of the Experiences of Burn Therapists
Authors: Yelvington Miranda L , Wood Rachel E , Corson Tyler , Hu Jiale , Reynolds Stacey 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Exposure to patients who have experienced major traumatic events places burn therapists at risk of developing high levels of anxiety and stress, directly impacting their quality of life. Poor professional quality of life has been associated with negative physical and emotional characteristics in healthcare professionals and may subsequently influence patient safety and satisfaction, job retention, and productivity. The purpose of this study was to understand and describe the experiences of occupational and physical therapists who provide acute therapy to people who have sustained burn injuries. Semistructured interviews were completed with 10 participants (8 females and 7 physical therapists) for this qualitative descriptive study. Conventional content analysis was used to analyze the data collected from semistructured interviews. Six themes emerged after content analysis: (1) the importance of therapeutic relationships to patient successes and therapists’ retention; (2) the autonomy and flexibility of burn therapists; (3) the impact of career longevity on compassion; (4) the uniqueness of burn team relationships and camaraderie; (5) the challenges of operating within the business of a healthcare system; and (6) the physical, mental, and emotional challenges to the burn therapists’ resiliency. This research brings to light the physical, mental, and emotional challenges that impact burn therapists’ resiliency, and which should be considered when creating programs to increase retention and professional quality of life in this professional population.
Genotype × Environment interaction and the evolution of sexual dimorphism: adult nutritional environment mediates selection and expression of sex-specific genetic variance in Drosophila melanogaster
Authors: De Lisle Stephen P 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Sexual conflict plays a key role in the dynamics of adaptive evolution in sexually reproducing populations, and theory suggests an important role for variance in resource acquisition in generating or masking sexual conflict over fitness and life history traits. Here, I used a quantitative genetic genotype × environment experiment in Drosophila melanogaster to test the theoretical prediction that variance in resource acquisition mediates variation in sex-specific component fitness. Holding larval conditions constant, I found that adult nutritional environments characterized by high protein content resulted in reduced survival of both sexes and lower male reproductive success compared to an environment of lower protein content. Despite reduced mean fitness of both sexes in high protein environments, I found a sex*treatment interaction for the relationship between resource acquisition and fitness; estimates of the adaptive landscape indicate males were furthest from their optimum resource acquisition level in high protein environments, and females were furthest in low protein environments. Expression of genetic variance in resource acquisition and survival was highest for each sex in the environment it was best adapted to, although the treatment effects on expression of genetic variance eroded in the path from resource acquisition to total fitness. Cross-sex genetic correlations were strongly positive for resource acquisition, survival, and total fitness and negative for mating success, although estimation error was high for all. These results demonstrate that environmental effects on resource acquisition can have predictable consequences for the expression of sex-specific genetic variance but also that these effects of resource acquisition can erode through life history.
Hungry bone syndrome following thyroid surgery
Authors: De Armas-Conde María , Camarasa-Pérez Ángel , García-Martínez Rubén , Hueso-Mor Alejandro , Caballero-Rodríguez Eugenia , Jordán-Balanzá Julio César 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The diagnosis of hypocalcemia-induced tetany following a total thyroidectomy is not common. However, there is a higher risk in patients with a history of gastric bypass surgery due to their malabsorption condition. This case describes postoperative hungry bone syndrome resulting from chronic malabsorption in a patient with a history of bariatric surgery. It is important to consider alternative treatment options if the initial management proves ineffective. Typically, this is a temporary condition, but it’s crucial to prioritize prevention in high-risk patients by providing perioperative calcium and vitamin D supplementation.
From dawn ‘til dusk: daytime progression regulates primary and secondary metabolism in Cannabis glandular trichomes
Authors: Dimopoulos Nicolas , Guo Qi , Purdy Sarah Jane , Nolan Matthew , Halimi Razlin Azman , Mieog Jos Cornelis , Barkla Bronwyn J , Kretzschmar Tobias 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Cannabis sativa L. glandular trichomes synthesize large amounts of secondary metabolites, predominantly cannabinoids and terpenoids. The associated demand for carbon and energy makes glandular trichomes strong sink tissues with indications that their secondary metabolism is coupled to the availability of photoassimilates. Many metabolites show diurnal patterns of flux, but it is unknown whether cannabinoids and terpenoids are regulated by time of day. We quantified cannabinoids, terpenoids, and the glandular trichome proteome over a 12 h light period in flowers of ‘Hindu Kush’, a high-tetrahydrocannabinol cultivar. Major cannabinoids changed significantly over the course of the day, resulting in an increase in total measured cannabinoids. Major terpenoids also changed, with sesquiterpenes generally decreasing with day progression. While monoterpenes generally did not decrease, the second most abundant, α-pinene, increased. The glandular trichome proteome changed the most within the first 6 h of the day, and analysis of differentially abundant proteins indicated up-regulation of primary metabolism. Surprisingly, key cannabinoid biosynthetic enzymes decreased with daytime progression despite increases in cannabinoid content, which indicates that daytime increases of photoassimilates are the main driver of cannabinoid regulation. This first reporting of variability of cannabinoid and terpenoid biosynthesis over the course of the day has implications for Cannabis research and production.
Molecular mechanisms regulating GROWTH-REGULATING FACTORS activity in plant growth, development, and environmental responses
Authors: Lazzara Franco E , Rodriguez Ramiro E , Palatnik Javier F 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Plants rely on complex regulatory mechanisms to ensure proper growth and development. As plants are sessile organisms, these mechanisms must be flexible enough to adapt to changes in the environment. GROWTH-REGULATING FACTORS (GRFs) are plant-specific transcription factors that act as a central hub controlling plant growth and development, which offer promising biotechnological applications to enhance plant performance. Here, we analyze the complex molecular mechanisms that regulate GRFs activity, and how their natural and synthetic variants can impact on plant growth and development. We describe the biological roles of the GRFs and examine how they regulate gene expression and contribute to the control of organ growth and plant responses to a changing environment. This review focuses on the premise that unlocking the full biotechnological potential of GRFs requires a thorough understanding of the various regulatory layers governing GRF activity, the functional divergence among GRF family members, and the gene networks that they regulate.
Integration of single-cell transcriptome and chromatin accessibility and its application on tumor investigation
Authors: Yang Chunyuan , Jin Yan , Yin Yuxin 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The advent of single-cell sequencing techniques has not only revolutionized the investigation of biological processes but also significantly contributed to unraveling cellular heterogeneity at unprecedented levels. Among the various methods, single-cell transcriptome sequencing stands out as the best established, and has been employed in exploring many physiological and pathological activities. The recently developed single-cell epigenetic sequencing techniques, especially chromatin accessibility sequencing, have further deepened our understanding of gene regulatory networks. In this review, we summarize the recent breakthroughs in single-cell transcriptome and chromatin accessibility sequencing methodologies. Additionally, we describe current bioinformatic strategies to integrate data obtained through these single-cell sequencing methods and highlight the application of this analysis strategy on a deeper understanding of tumorigenesis and tumor progression. Finally, we also discuss the challenges and anticipated developments in this field.
Modal algebra of multirelations
Authors: Furusawa Hitoshi , Guttmann Walter , Struth Georg 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
We formalize the modal operators from the concurrent dynamic logics of Peleg, Nerode and Wijesekera in a multirelational algebraic language based on relation algebras and power allegories, using relational approximation operators on multirelations developed in a companion article. We relate Nerode and Wijesekera’s box operator with a relational approximation operator for multirelations and two related operators that approximate multirelations by different kinds of deterministic multirelations. We provide an algebraic soundness proof of Goldblatt’s axioms for concurrent dynamic logic and one for a multirelational Hoare logic based on Nerode and Wijesekera’s box as applications.
Rearrangement of sunspot magnetic field caused by an X1.5 solar flare
Authors: Gong Liufan , Yan Xiaoli , Liang Hongfei , Xue Zhike , Wang Jincheng , Yang Liheng , Peng Yang , Yang Liping , Zhang Xinsheng 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT
Solar flares will cause the change of the photospheric magnetic field and sunspot structure. However, the exact physical processes involved remain unclear. Here, we study the changes of photospheric magnetic field before and after an X1.5 flare caused by a circular filament eruption in the active region NOAA 13006. The magnetic field structure of this active region is a fan-spine structure with a circular polarity inversion line (PIL). We found that the sunspot structure contracted towards the PIL as a whole after the flare. The penumbra away from the PIL gradually disappears, and the umbra and penumbra near the PIL gradually enhances. By analysing the local magnetic field, the Lorentz force (LF), and the photospheric velocity field in these three regions, we find that the magnetic flux in the region of the disappearing penumbra converges and contracts towards the PIL, leading to an enhancement of the umbra, while the enhancement of the penumbra potentially indicates that this region may be the footpoint of a reconnected magnetic field system. We suggest that this contracting motion is driven by the horizontal LF.
Simultaneous Chandra and HST observations of the quiescent neutron star low-mass X-ray binaries in 47 Tucanae
Authors: van den Berg M , Rivera Sandoval L E , Heinke C O , Cohn H N , Lugger P M , Grindlay J E , Edmonds P D , Anderson J , Catuneanu A 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT
We present simultaneous Chandra X-ray Observatory and Hubble Space Telescope observations of three certain (X5, X7, W37) and two likely (X4, W17) quiescent neutron star low-mass X-ray binaries (qLMXBs) in the globular cluster 47 Tuc. We study these systems in the X-ray, optical, and near-ultraviolet (NUV) using the simultaneous data and additional non-contemporaneous HST data. We have discovered a blue and variable NUV counterpart to W17. We have not securely identified the eclipsing qLMXB W37 in the optical or NUV. Deeper high-resolution imaging is needed to further investigate the faint NUV excess near the centre of the W37 error circle. We suggest that a previously identified optical astrometric match to X7 is likely the true counterpart. The H α emission and the location of the counterpart in the colour–magnitude diagram, indicate that the secondary is probably a non-degenerate, H-rich star. This is consistent with previous results from fitting X7’s X-ray spectrum. In X4, the simultaneous X-ray and optical behaviour supports the earlier suggestion that the X-ray variability is driven by changes in accretion rate. The X-ray eclipses in X5 coincide with minima in the optical/NUV light curves. Comparison of the 47 Tuc qLMXBs with the cataclysmic variables (CVs) in the cluster confirms that overall the qLMXBs have larger X-ray to optical flux ratios. Based on their optical/NUV colours, we conclude that the accretion discs in the qLMXBs are less prominent than in CVs. This makes the ratio of X-ray flux to excess blue-optical flux a powerful discriminator between CVs and qLMXBs.