bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of post pattern and resin cement curing mode on the retention of glass fibre posts
Authors: Poskus L. T. , Sgura R. , Paragó F. E. M. , Silva E. M. , Guimarães J. G. A. 
Published: March 2010

Poskus LT, Sgura R, Paragó FEM, Silva EM, Guimarães JGA. Influence of post pattern and resin cement curing mode on the retention of glass fibre posts. International Endodontic Journal, 43, 306–311, 2010.AbstractAim  To evaluate the influence of post design and roughness and cement system (dual‐ or self‐cured) on the retention of glass fibre posts.Methodology  Two tapered and smooth posts (Exacto Cônico No. 2 and White Post No. 1) and two parallel‐sided and serrated posts (Fibrekor 1.25 mm and Reforpost No. 2) were adhesively luted with two different resin cements – a dual‐cured (Rely‐X ARC) and a self‐cured (Cement Post) – in 40 single‐rooted teeth. The teeth were divided into eight experimental groups (n = 5): PFD – Parallel‐serrated‐Fibrekor/dual‐cured; PRD – Parallel‐serrated‐Reforpost/dual‐cured; TED – Tapered‐smooth‐Exacto Cônico/dual‐cured; TWD – Tapered‐smooth‐White Post/dual‐cured; PFS – Parallel‐serrated‐Fibrekor/self‐cured; PRS – Parallel‐serrated‐Reforpost/self‐cured; TES – Tapered‐smooth‐Exacto Cônico/self‐cured; TWS – Tapered‐smooth‐White Post/self‐cured. The specimens were submitted to a pull‐out test at a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm min−1. Data were analysed using analysis of variance and Bonferroni’s multiple comparison test (α = 0.05).Results  Pull‐out results (MPa) were: PFD = 8.13 (±1.71); PRD = 8.30 (±0.46); TED = 8.68 (±1.71); TWD = 9.35 (±1.99); PFS = 8.54 (±2.23); PRS = 7.09 (±1.96); TES = 8.27 (±3.92); TWS = 7.57 (±2.35). No statistical significant difference was detected for posts and cement factors and their interaction.Conclusions  The retention of glass fibre posts was not affected by post design or surface roughness nor by resin cement‐curing mode. These results imply that the choice for serrated posts and self‐cured cements is not related to an improvement in retention.
The influence of pain catastrophising on the experience of persistent pain/discomfort following non‐surgical root canal treatment
Authors: Philpott R. , Gulabivala K. , Ng Y.‐L. 
Published: March 2010

Aims  To (i) determine the prevalence and influence of pain catastrophising on pain/discomfort experience associated with teeth demonstrating periapical healing following non‐surgical root canal treatment (NSRCT); (ii) investigate common descriptors for characterising the pain/discomfort sensation.Methodology  A total of 198 patients (264 teeth) were examined clinically and radiographically 5–14 months after completion of NSRCT. All the radiographs were assessed by one observer and 33% were additionally examined independently by a pre‐calibrated second observer. Each tooth was classified into complete, incomplete, uncertain healing and failed to heal groups. Detailed pain histories were obtained using the Short Form of the McGill Pain Questionnaire. The pain catastrophising score for each case was determined using the Pain Catastrophising Scale (PCS) questionnaire. Cohen's kappa coefficients were calculated to assess intra‐ and inter‐observer agreement on radiographic examination. Multiple logistic regression models were employed to investigate the association between prevalence of pain/discomfort and pain catastrophising as well as other potential influencing factors. Clustering effects within patients were adjusted using robust standard error.Results  In total, 25% (n = 62/249) of teeth showing signs of periapical healing were associated with pain/discomfort on review. The most commonly used descriptors for the pain/discomfort sensation were ‘Sensitivity’, ‘aching’, ‘tender’ and ‘throbbing’. Intra‐ and inter‐observer agreements were substantial (0.8 and 0.6, respectively). The PCS score had no significant association with pain/discomfort experience after NSRCT (OR = 1.3, 95% CI 0.3, 1.1). Significant factors affecting the prevalence of pain/discomfort included: history of chronic pain (OR = 3.5, 95% CI 1.5, 8.4); pre‐operative vital pulp (OR = 5.2, 95% CI 1.5, 18.1); presence of pre‐operative pain (OR = 2.9, 95% CI 1.1, 8.1); presence of a pre‐operative crack (OR = 2.5, 95% CI 1.0, 6.3); and size of pre‐operative periapical lesion (OR = 0.85, 95% CI 0.77, 0.95).Conclusions  Twenty‐five per cent of teeth showing signs of periapical healing had pain/discomfort characterised by typical descriptors; with five significant predicting factors. Pain catastrophising did not predict the occurrence of post‐operative pain/discomfort. Further monitoring of the clinical course of prevalent pain/discomfort associated with periapical healing should inform future decision‐making on further management.
The efficacy of different endodontic irrigants against Enterococcus faecalis in an extracted human tooth model
Authors: Giles L.H. , Chan S.N. , Jarad F. , Hope C. 
Published: March 2010

Aim  To investigate, in vitro, the efficacy of sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), super‐oxidized water (Sterilox® Optident, Ilkely, UK) and chlorhexidine gluconate (CHX) as endondontic irrigants using an extracted human tooth model in a cross over Latin square study design.Methodology  Twelve extracted, human single rooted teeth were prepared for endodontic treatment using the modified double flare method to a master apical file size 40 K‐file. The roots and apices of all teeth were sealed using a dentine bonding agent. The teeth were mounted in cold cure silicone and placed in glass jars before autoclaving. An overnight sample of Enterococcus faecalis grown in brain heart infusion (BHI) was centrifuged and washed using phosphate buffered solution (PBS) before being suspended in fresh BHI. Optical density of the culture was adjusted to 0.1 units at 650 nm before inoculating 20 μL into the canals of the prepared teeth. Inoculated teeth were incubated at 37 °C for 48 h. The teeth were divided into four groups of three teeth, which were irrigated with NaOCl (1%), Sterilox, CHX (2%), and the control, PBS during cycles of experimentation. The teeth were irrigated using 5 × 200 μL of an endodontic irrigant using an electronic pipette, according to the Latin square. Irrigants were left in situ for 60 s after which teeth were flushed with PBS. Five size 40 sterile paper points were used to collect the microbial sample from the root canals. The number of viable bacteria recovered from the canals was determined through serial dilutions and plating of these onto nutrient agar. The logarithm of the colony forming units was used to carry out statistical analysis. The antimicrobial efficacy of the irrigants was compared using analysis of variance (anova) and Tukey post‐hoc analysis at a significance level of P < 0.05 to determine whether there are differences in efficacy of the irrigants investigated.Results  NaOCl, Sterilox and CHX were significantly more effective than the control, PBS, at reducing the bacterial load within the root canals. There was no significant difference between the efficacy of NaOCl, Sterilox and CHX in reducing bacterial load.Conclusion  The study showed that using a cross over Latin square design eliminates bias in results due to the use of different teeth. NaOCl, Sterilox and CHX had a greater antibacterial efficacy that the control, PBS. Statistically there was no significant difference between NaOCl, Sterilox and CHX.
The effect of working length and root canal preparation technique on crack development in the apical root canal wall
Authors: Adorno C. G. , Yoshioka T. , Suda H. 
Published: March 2010

Adorno CG, Yoshioka T, Suda H. The effect of working length and root canal preparation technique on crack development in the apical root canal wall. International Endodontic Journal, 43, 321–327, 2010.AbstractAim  To evaluate the effects of working length and root canal preparation technique on crack development in the apical root canal wall.Methodology  Seventy extracted mandibular premolars were mounted in a resin block with simulated periodontal ligaments and divided into seven groups according to preparation technique and working length: group A, step‐back preparation with stainless steel files with working length set at the apical foramen and defined as root canal length (CL); group B, same as for A, except that the working length was CL–1 mm; group C, crown‐down preparation with Profile instruments followed by an apical enlargement sequence with CL as working length and group D, same as for C, except that the working length was CL–1 mm. Groups E, F and G served as controls. Groups E and F were prepared only with the crown‐down sequence up to CL and CL–1 mm, respectively. Group G was left unprepared. Digital images of the apical root surface (AS) were recorded before preparation, immediately after instrumentation and after removing the apical 1 mm (AS–1 mm) and 2 mm (AS–2 mm) of the root end.Results  Working length significantly affected crack development at AS (P < 0.05). Preparation technique significantly affected crack development at AS–1 mm (P < 0.05). At AS–2 mm, there was no significant difference between preparation technique and working length in terms of crack development on the canal wall.Conclusion  Root canal preparation alone, regardless of the technique used, can potentially generate cracks on the apical root canal wall as well as the apical surface. Working 1‐ mm short of the apical foramen might produce fewer cracks in the apical region.
The Comparison of Antioxidative/Oxidative Profile in Colostrum, Milk and Blood of Early Post‐Partum Cows During their First and Second Lactation
Authors: Albera E , Kankofer M 
Published: March 2010

ContentsThe aim of the study was to compare antioxidative/oxidative profile in blood, colostrum and milk of early post‐partum cows during their first and second lactation. A total of 19 healthy, primiparous cows were included in experiment and samples were collected during 2 years from the same animals immediately after parturition, 24, 48 h as well as 6 and 12 days later. All parameters including the activity of glutathione peroxidase (GSH‐Px), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), the content of vitamin A, C as well as the contents of products of lipid and protein peroxidation were determined by the use of spectrophotometric methods. Comparing the profile within lactation, TAC and GSH‐Px activity in blood showed decreasing trends, while parameters of lipid and protein peroxidation fluctuated. All examined parameters in colostrum and milk except from intermediates of lipid peroxidation exhibited increasing trends. These results which showed dynamic changes of antioxidative/oxidative profile not only in blood but also in colostrum/milk within examined period of time suggested appropriate answer of organism to current challenge. Moreover, not uniform but detectable changes between first and second lactation suggested that two consecutive lactations are not the same. Comparing first and second lactation, TAC and parameters of lipid and protein peroxidation in blood showed increasing tendency in second as first lactation while GSH‐Px activity was opposite. The content of antioxidative vitamins and SH groups in colostrum/milk showed increasing tendency in second as first lactation, while TAC and content of end products of lipid peroxidation showed opposite trend, and GSH‐Px together with intermediates of lipid peroxidation remained stable. Molecular and biochemical background for it require further elucidation.
Determination of adenosine deaminase activity and its isoenzymes for diagnosis of pleural effusions*
Authors: Gorguner Metin , Cerci Melek , Gorguner Ilknur 
Published: March 2010

Objective:We aimed to investigate adenosine deaminase (ADA) activity and the activities of its ADA1 and ADA2 isoenzymes in pleural effusions and also sera with different aetiological origins.Methodology: The pleural effusions of 87 patients were examined. The patients were separated into four groups: transudates, parapneumonic, malignant, and tuberculous effusions. The cases were also designated as tuberculous or non‐tuberculous group. Adenosine deaminase activity was determined by the colorimetric method described by Giusti and Galanti.Results:The intermean differences were statistically significant for total ADA, ADA1 and ADA2, except for pleural fluid ADA1 in the malignant group when compared to the tuberculous effusion group. The intermean differences between the tuberculous and non‐tuberculous group were statistically significant for all three parameters except for pleural fluid and serum ADA1 activity. The sensitivities of total ADA, ADA1 and ADA2 activities for tuberculosis were 91, 57 and 93%, respectively; their specificities 89, 88 and 92%, respectively; their positive predictive values 82, 70 and 86%; and their diagnostic accuracies 89, 76 and 92%, respectively, in pleural fluid.Conclusions:Determination of ADA and its isoenzymes can help to differentiate the causes of pleural effusion. Increased ADA2 activity is a striking marker of tuberculous effusions. In contrast, increased ADA1 activity was significantly elevated in parapneumonic effusions.
Echocardiographic findings of pericardial involvement in patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma with a history of environmental exposure to asbestos and erionite
Authors: Özer Necla , Shehu Veprim , Aytemir Kudret , Övünç Kenan , Emre Salih , Kes Sirri 
Published: March 2010

Objective:The aim of the present study was to evaluate the pericardial involvement in patients with malignant mesothelioma caused by exposure to different minerals.Methodology:Forty‐two patients (mean age of 52 ± 12 years) with malignant mesothelioma were examined with transthoracic echocardiography. Thirty‐three (78.9%) patients had a history of environmental exposure to asbestos and nine (21.4%) had a history of environmental exposure to erionite.Results:In 19 (45.2%) patients with malignant pericardial mesothelioma, pericardial involvement was determined by echocardiography. The other 23 (54.8%) patients had no pericardial involvement. Pericardial effusion was detected in nine (64.3%) patients and pericardial effusion was small in six (14.3%) patients, moderate in one (2.4%) patient and large in two patients. Thickening of the pericardium was observed in eight (19%) patients. In another two (7.1%) patients pericardial calcification was observed. Among the 33 patients who had been exposed to asbestos, 15 (45.5%) had pericardial involvement, and among the nine patients with a history of exposure to erionite, four (44.4%) had pericardial involvement. There was no difference in terms of pericardial involvement in different stages of the tumour (P > 0.05).Conclusions:Pericardial involvement is commonly seen in patients with malignant mesothelioma. Among patients exposed to asbestos or zeolite there was no difference in terms of pericardial involvement. Furthermore, pericardial involvement was not related with the stage of the tumour.
Comparison between tidal breathing and dosimeter methods in assessing cough receptor sensitivity to capsaicin
Authors: Nejla Songur , Fujimura Masaki , Kamio Yumie 
Published: March 2010

Objective:Dosimeter method and tidal breathing method have been used to assess cough sensitivity to inhaled capsaicin, a C‐fibre ending stimulator. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the repeatability of and the agreement between the two methods.Methodology:Cough threshold, the lowest concentration of capsaicin causing five or more coughs, was measured twice 1–3 weeks apart by each method in 26 normal subjects. Increasing concentrations of capsaicin were inhaled by a single breath in the dosimeter method or by 15 s tidal breathing in the tidal breathing method in 1 min intervals.Results:Coefficients of repeatability of the cough threshold measurement were 1.89 and 2.71 doubling concentration in the tidal breathing method and the dosimeter method, respectively, suggesting good repeatability in the cough threshold measurement by both methods. The cough threshold was significantly (P< 0.0001) greater by 1.75 doubling concentration on the dosimeter method than the tidal breathing method. The coefficient of agreement between the two methods was 2.53 doubling concentration. Five subjects complained of burning sensation in the throat in the dosimeter method but no patient complained about the tidal breathing method (P< 0.05).Conclusions:Although the agreement between the two methods was considered to be good, higher concentrations of capsaicin solution were required to determine the cough threshold in the dosimeter method, resulting in an unpleasant sensation in the throat.
The rapid diagnosis of smear‐negative pulmonary tuberculosis: A cost‐effectiveness analysis
Authors: Lim T. K. , Cherian J. , Poh K. L. , Leong T. Y. 
Published: March 2010

ObjectiveThe prompt diagnosis of smear‐negative pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) is a clinical challenge. It may be achieved by a number of tests which have varying accuracies, costs and degrees of invasiveness. The objective of this study was to compare the cost‐effectiveness of clinical judgement (empirical), the Roche Cobas amplicor assay for Mycobacterium tuberculosis (amplicor), acid‐fast staining of bronchoalveolar lavage specimens (BAL), nucleic acid amplification tests of bronchoalveloar lavage specimens for M. tuberculosis (BAL + NAA), computed tomography (CT) and amplicor assay followed by BAL.MethodologyThe range of predictive values of the various strategies were derived from published data and a new study of 441 consecutive adult patients with suspected smear‐negative PTB prospectively stratified into three pretest risk groups: low, intermediate and high. The cost‐effectiveness was evaluated with a decision tree model (DATATM software).ResultsThe incidence of PTB was 5.7% (4% culture positive) for the whole group, 95% in the high‐risk group, 0.9% in the low‐risk group and 3.4% in the intermediate‐risk group. The sensitivity of the empirical approach was 49% and of the amplicor assay was 44%. Patient outcomes were expressed as life expectancy for the base case of a 58‐year‐old man with a pretest probability of 5.7%. At this low pretest risk the differences in life expectancies between tests was < 0.1 years and the empirical approach incurred the lowest cost. Sensitivity analysis at increasing pretest risks showed better life expectancies (~1 years) for CT scan and test combinations than empirical and amplicor for additional costs of US$243–US$309. Bronchoalveolar lavage had the worst overall cost‐effectiveness.ConclusionsWe conclude that the pretest risk of active PTB was a key determinant of test utility; that the AMPLICOR assay was comparable to clinical judgement; that BAL was the least useful test; and that with increasing risks, CT scan and test combinations performed better. Further studies are needed to better define patients with intermediate risk for PTB and to directly compare the cost‐effectiveness of more sensitive nucleic acid amplification tests such as the enhanced Gen Probe, CT scan and test combinations/sequences in these patients.
Pulmonary complications in patients with AIDS: A report from a Beijing hospital
Authors: Xu Kai‐Feng , Lu Weixuan , Li Longyun , Shen Ruiyuan 
Published: March 2010

Objective:The aim of this study was to improve the awareness of pulmonary complications in patients with AIDS.Methodology:Nine patients with AIDS with pulmonary involvement from March 1992 to March 2000 were analysed.Results:Of the nine cases, there were eight cases complicated with Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP). The clinical presentation of PCP was fever (8/8), dyspnoea on exertion or at rest (7/8), and hypoxaemia with a mean PaO2 of 58 mmHg. Chest X‐ray films showed bilateral diffuse interstitial or alveolar infiltrates. Pulmonary tuberculosis, tuberculous lymphadenitis and bronchial fungal infection were found in three cases.Conclusions:AIDS patients are at high risk of suffering from pulmonary complications, of which PCP is most common. If young patients who were healthy in the past suddenly suffered from pneumonia and respiratory failure, PCP should be considered. When opportunistic pulmonary infection is diagnosed under special circumstances, one should be alert to the possibility of AIDS and examine serum antihuman immunodeficiency virus (HIV) antibody.
Preoperative induction with sorafenib pathologically downstaged advanced renal cell carcinoma: A case report
Authors: Kinoshita Tatsuya , Inoue Hitoshi , Kinouchi Toshiro , Kobayashi Masao , Takada Tsuyoshi , Hara Tsuneo , Hatano Koji , Nonomura Norio 
Published: March 2010

AbstractWe present the case of a patient with renal cell carcinoma treated preoperatively with sorafenib. Complete resection of the left renal mass measuring 7.2 × 6.6 cm seemed to be difficult at diagnosis because of large renal hilar lymph nodes. With a short period of sorafenib administration, marked shrinkage of the renal mass and lymphadenopathy was observed after the patient experienced fulminant hepatic failure and a severe hand–foot skin reaction. Two‐dimensional computed tomography revealed 60%, 78% and 84% reduction in the primary renal tumor, lung metastatic nodules and lymph nodes, respectively. Tumor shrinkage allowed for complete resection of the left kidney and the lymphadenopathy. Pathological findings revealed that over 90% of the renal tumor was substituted by necrotic fibrotic tissue and that the residual neoplastic component was diagnosed as clear cell carcinoma. The lymph nodes that were resected were negative for malignancy. At 6 months after radical nephrectomy, a new computed tomography scan revealed no evidence of disease with the disappearance of lung nodules.
Morphological sperm defects analyzed by light microscopy and transmission electron microscopy and their correlation with sperm motility
Authors: Visco Vincenzo , Raffa Salvatore , Elia Jlenia , Delfino Michele , Imbrogno Norina , Torrisi Maria Rosaria , Mazzilli Fernando 
Published: March 2010

Objectives:  To compare sperm defects as assessed by light microscopy (LM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and to correlate them with sperm motility.Methods:  A cohort of 40 male partners of infertile couples was selected. Group 1 (n = 31) included subjects with motility >5 and <50%, group 2 (n = 9) included those with motility <5% and the control group consisted of 10 normospermic subjects. Semen analysis of morphological parameters was carried out by LM and TEM.Results:  A linear correlation between LM and TEM regarding head defects and excess residual cytoplasm (r = 0.87 and 0.90) was found, whereas there was a poor correlation between tail and midpiece anomalies (r = 0.46 and 0.21). No significant variations were detected by LM and TEM regarding sperm head defects and excess residual cytoplasm, whereas TEM showed a significantly greater percentage of tail and midpiece alterations compared with LM in groups 1 and 2, as well as controls (P < 0.05). The microtubular pattern ‘<9 + 2’ represented the most frequent axonemal morphological alteration.Conclusions:  TEM might represent an additional diagnostic tool in the presence of severe sperm hypomotility or absence of motility.
Transnasal transsphenoid approach: a minimally invasive approach for removal of cavernous haemangiomas located at inferomedial part of orbital apex
Authors: Chen Lukui , White William L , Xu Bainan , Tian Xinhua 
Published: March 2010

AbstractTen patients complaining of visual impairment, proptosis or ocular pain, were selected for transnasal transsphenoid microsurgical approach to address cavernous haemangiomas located at inferomedial part of orbital apex. Via this approach, the contents of orbital apex were clearly illuminated and exposed as large as the surgical removal required. All tumours were identified under frameless image‐guided neuronavigation and removed completely without any complications and recurrence in a mean of 12.2 months follow‐up. It is concluded that a transnasal transsphenoid microsurgical approach is a minimally invasive surgery for cavernous haemangiomas located at inferomedial part of orbital apex.