bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
How Syndicate Short Sales Affect the Informational Efficiency of IPO Prices and Underpricing
Authors: Bartling Björn , Park Andreas 
Published: February 2010

AbstractWhen a company goes public, it is standard practice that the underwriting syndicate allocates more shares than are issued. The underwriter thus holds a short position that it commonly fills by aftermarket trading when market prices fall or, when prices rise, by executing the so-called overallotment option. This option is a standard feature of initial public offering (IPO) arrangements that allows the underwriter to purchase more shares from the issuer at the original offer price. We propose a theoretical model to study the implications of this combination of short position and overallotment option on the pricing of the IPO. Maximizing the sum of both the profits from their share of the offer revenue and the potential profits from aftermarket trading, we show that underwriters strategically distort the offer price. This results either in exacerbated underpricing when favorably informed underwriters lower prices to secure a signaling benefit, or in informationally inefficient offer prices when underwriters pool in offer prices irrespective of their information.
Listening, Ancient and Modern
Authors: Fitzgerald William 
Published: February 2010

ABSTRACTThe purpose of this paper is to describe some aspects of the agenda of listening in the Western tradition. Ancient and modern versions of some of the myths of listening (Orpheus, the Sirens) are compared to illustrate what might be at stake in the activity of listening. A basic contrast is drawn between ancient rhetorical ideas of the power of music to affect the listener and the demand of instrumental music, from the late eighteenth century on, that we understand what the music wants of us. The paper continues with a discussion of some ancient ideas about philosophical listening, which precludes talking and is directed both inwards and outwards, and it ends with some suggestions about themes that a history of listening might pursue.
Listening and Responding to the Evidence of Early Twentieth-Century Performance
Authors: Leech-Wilkinson Daniel 
Published: February 2010

ABSTRACTEarly recordings raise fundamental questions about our response to music. Why do these performances seem so strange to us? How could they ever have made musical sense to listeners? How might we make sense of them now, in our very different music-cultural environment? This paper looks at some of the ways in which musical sounds model other processes involving change over time. A mechanism is proposed that may underlie the cross-domain mappings generating musical meaning. Music is seen to be exceptionally adaptable to the modelling of other experiences, able to offer many potential likenesses, among which those with most relevance to what an individual brain already knows and believes are favoured by conscious perception. Performance and perception styles change over time as certain kinds of potential meaning are selected for their relevance to other aspects of contemporary experience. The model helps to explain how subjectivity is constructed and how it changes.
SLiM on Diet: finding short linear motifs on domain interaction interfaces in Protein Data Bank
Authors: Hugo Willy , Song Fushan , Aung Zeyar , Ng See-Kiong , Sung Wing-Kin 
Published: February 2010

Abstract
Motivation: An important class of protein interactions involves the binding of a protein's domain to a short linear motif (SLiM) on its interacting partner. Extracting such motifs, either experimentally or computationally, is challenging because of their weak binding and high degree of degeneracy. Recent rapid increase of available protein structures provides an excellent opportunity to study SLiMs directly from their 3D structures.
Results: Using domain interface extraction (Diet), we characterized 452 distinct SLiMs from the Protein Data Bank (PDB), of which 155 are validated in varying degrees—40 have literature validation, 54 are supported by at least one domain–peptide structural instance, and another 61 have overrepresentation in high-throughput PPI data. We further observed that the lacklustre coverage of existing computational SLiM detection methods could be due to the common assumption that most SLiMs occur outside globular domain regions. 198 of 452 SLiM that we reported are actually found on domain–domain interface; some of them are implicated in autoimmune and neurodegenerative diseases. We suggest that these SLiMs would be useful for designing inhibitors against the pathogenic protein complexes underlying these diseases. Our findings show that 3D structure-based SLiM detection algorithms can provide a more complete coverage of SLiM-mediated protein interactions than current sequence-based approaches.
Contact: ksung@comp.nus.edu.sg
Supplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Serum procalcitonin, C‐reactive protein and white blood cell levels following hypothermia after cardiac arrest: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Schuetz Philipp , Affolter Barbara , Hunziker Sabina , Winterhalder Clemens , Fischer Michael , Balestra Gianmarco M. , Hunziker Patrick , Marsch Stephan 
Published: February 2010

Eur J Clin Invest 2010; 40 (4): 376–381AbstractIntroduction  The aim of this study was to investigate time course of procalcitonin (PCT), C‐reactive protein (CRP) and white blood cell (WBC) levels in patients with therapeutic hypothermia after cardiac arrest.Methods  We retrospectively assessed laboratory and clinical data in a consecutive cohort of patients admitted to the medical intensive‐care‐unit of the University Hospital in Basel, Switzerland, in whom therapeutic hypothermia was induced because of cardiac arrest between December 2007 and January 2009. Infection was considered based on microbiological evidence (restricted definition) and/or clinical evidence of infection with prescription of antibiotics (extended definition).Results  From 34 included patients, 25 had respiratory tract infection based on the clinical judgment and in 18 microbiological cultures turned positive (restricted definition). PCT concentrations were highest on the first day after hypothermia and showed a steady decrease until day 7 without differences in patients with and without presumed infection. CRP concentrations increased to a peak level at days 3–4 followed by a steady decrease; CRP concentrations were higher in patients with clinical diagnosis of infection on day 4 (P = 0·02); and in patients with evidence of bacterial growth in cultures on days 4 and 5 (P = 0·01 and P = 0·006). WBC remained unchanged after hypothermia without differences between patients with and without infection.Conclusion  High initial values of PCT and high peak levels after 3–4 days of CRP were found in patients with induction of hypothermia after cardiac arrest. This increase was unspecific and mirrors rather an inflammatory reaction than true underlying infection, limiting the diagnostic potential for early antibiotic stewardship in these patients.
Scorpiurus muricatus L. subsp. subvillosus (L.) Thell., a potential forage legume species for a Mediterranean environment: a review
Authors: Abbate V. , Maugeri G. , Cristaudo A. , Gresta F. 
Published: February 2010

AbstractPrickly scorpion’s tail, Scorpiurus muricatus L. subsp. subvillosus (L.) Thell., is an annual legume species, widespread in pastures of the basin of the Mediterranean Sea. It has been neglected by researchers and farmers for a long time, although the species has promise as a forage crop for its high nutritive value, self‐reseeding capability and its preference by ruminants. Harvesting and threshing of seed, however, are difficult and it has seed‐coat dormancy, which delays and reduces germination, hindering its use as a forage crop. It is suggested that plant breeding programmes would allow the selection of ecotypes and varieties for field crop cultivation. In this study, the main botanical, biological, ecological and agronomic traits are reviewed to identify those issues that currently limit its introduction into cultivation as a forage crop in Mediterranean areas.
Identifying suitable temperate grass species and cultural practices for herbage production in the mountain regions of North Vietnam
Authors: Salgado P. , Le Hoa B. , Tran V. T. , Vu Chi C. , Faye B. , Lecomte P. 
Published: February 2010

AbstractIn North Vietnam, during winter, shortage of herbage constrains the profitability of dairy farming. The first objective of this study was to evaluate the potential of alternative temperate (C3) forage species, namely common oat (Avena sativaL.), lop‐sided oat (Avena strigosaSchreb.), Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorumL.) and a commercial forage mixture (Avex), to address the shortage of herbage during winter in the mountain regions of North Vietnam. The second objective was to measure the effects of cultural practices (sowing rate, harvest interval and irrigation level) on yield of dry matter (DM), chemical composition, digestibility of DM and metabolizable energy (ME) concentration of herbage from the best adapted C3species previously tested (lop‐sided oat). Four experiments were conducted. Oat species proved to be the best adapted species and produced the highest annual yield of herbage (7600 kg DM ha−1) with a high nutritive value. Yields of DM of lop‐sided oat were not affected by sowing rate of seed but increased as the length of harvest intervals increased from 30 to 45 and 60 d (P < 0·001). Crude protein concentration, digestibility of DM and ME concentration decreased as the harvest interval increased (P < 0·01). Irrigation increased the yields of DM of lop‐sided oats by 1·3 (P < 0·05) but had no effect on the nutritive value of herbage. It is concluded that both common oat and lop‐sided oat are suitable species to provide herbage in the winter for the mountain regions of North Vietnam.
Expression of Endothelin‐1 and Endothelin Receptor A in Canine Ovarian Tumours
Authors: Borzacchiello G , Mogavero S , Tortorella G , Catone G , Russo M 
Published: February 2010

ContentsOvarian tumours have a low incidence in bitch. Endothelin (ET‐1) and endothelin A receptor (ET‐A) are overexpressed in human ovarian cancer. Twenty canine ovarian tumours and five normal samples were first evaluated by western blotting and then immunohistochemically for ET‐1 and ET‐A expression. Seventeen out of twenty tumours were ET‐1 positive. Eight out of twenty tumours were ET‐A immunohistochemically positive. At molecular level both proteins were proven to be expressed in normal as well as in tumour samples. Our results show that ET‐1 and ET‐A are overexpressed in canine ovarian tumours, suggesting a potential role of these two molecules in canine ovarian carcinogenesis.
Population ecology of nitrifying Archaea and Bacteria in the Southern California Bight
Authors: Beman J. Michael , Sachdeva Rohan , Fuhrman Jed A. 
Published: February 2010

SummaryMarine Crenarchaeota are among the most abundant microbial groups in the ocean, and although relatively little is currently known about their biogeochemical roles in marine ecosystems, recognition that Crenarchaeota posses ammonia monooxygenase (amoA) genes and may act as ammonia‐oxidizing archaea (AOA) offers another means of probing the ecology of these microorganisms. Here we use a time series approach combining quantification of archaeal and bacterial ammonia oxidizers with bacterial community fingerprints and biogeochemistry, to explore the population and community ecology of nitrification. At multiple depths (150, 500 and 890 m) in the Southern California Bight sampled monthly from 2003 to 2006, AOA were enumerated via quantitative PCR of archaeal amoA and marine group 1 Crenarchaeota 16S rRNA genes. Based on amoA genes, AOA were highly variable in time – a consistent feature of marine Crenarchaeota– however, average values were similar at different depths and ranged from 2.20 to 2.76 × 104amoA copies ml−1. Archaeal amoA genes were correlated with Crenarchaeota 16S rRNA genes (r2 = 0.79) and the slope of this relationship was 1.02, demonstrating that the majority of marine group 1 Crenarchaeota present over the dates and depths sampled possessed amoA. Two AOA clades were specifically quantified and compared with betaproteobacterial ammonia‐oxidizing bacteria (β‐AOB) amoA genes at 150 m; these AOA groups were found to strongly co‐vary in time (r2 = 0.70, P < 0.001) whereas AOA : β‐AOB ratios ranged from 13 to 5630. Increases in the AOA : β‐AOB ratio correlated with the accumulation of nitrite (r2 = 0.87, P < 0.001), and may be indicative of differences in substrate affinities and activities leading to periodic decoupling between ammonia and nitrite oxidation. These data capture a dynamic nitrogen cycle in which multiple microbial groups appear to be active participants.
Evaluating Natural Resource Investments under Different Model Dynamics: Managerial Insights
Authors: Tsekrekos Andrianos E. , Shackleton Mark B. , Wojakowski Rafał 
Published: February 2010

AbstractWe focus on factors that drive the dynamics of commodity prices. We highlight the capital budgeting implications of three highly‐cited, nested, multi‐factor models for commodity prices that have been successful in empirical investigations. Competing assumptions regarding commodity prices and their convenience yields can account for differences close to 40% on average, and in excess of 60% in cases, in the valuation of typical natural resource investments. These value differences are found to increase with the maturity and the intrinsic value of the investment, and also with the level and the volatility of the resource's convenience yield. Resources such as oil or copper, that are used for production purposes, usually exhibit high and volatile convenience yields; thus our findings should be more relevant for decision‐makers in such sectors.
Sweat duct proliferation associated with aggregates of elastic tissue and atrophodermia vermiculata: a simulator of microcystic adnexal carcinoma. Report of two cases†
Authors: Schaller Jörg , Rytina Ed , Rütten Arno , Hendricks Carlo , Ha Tom , Requena Luis 
Published: February 2010

Microcystic adnexal carcinoma (MAC) is a rare, usually solitary, slowly growing, yet aggressive neoplasm with a tendency for local recurrences. Herein, we present two patients who had been histopathologically diagnosed as suffering from MAC on both cheeks since childhood, an unlikely scenario. Both from a clinical and from a histopathological point of view, our two cases showed some similarities with those previously described in patients with Nicolau‐Balus syndrome, Rombo syndrome, and so‐called eccrine‐pilar hamartoma. Common to all these latter disorders are the round aggregations of elastic tissue in the papillary dermis, a histopathological feature which was also found in our patients. However, to our knowledge, the presence of a MAC‐like ductal proliferation embedded in sclerotic stroma and extending to the deep dermis has not been previously described. Dermatologists and dermatopathologists should be aware of this disorder to avoid overdiagnosis of and inappropriate treatment for MAC.Schaller J, Rytina E, Rütten A, Hendricks C, Ha T, Requena L. Sweat duct proliferation associated with aggregates of elastic tissue and atrophodermia vermiculata: a simulator of microcystic adnexal carcinoma. Report of two cases.
Indication of higher salivary α‐amylase expression in hamadryas baboons and geladas compared to chimpanzees and humans
Authors: Mau M. , Südekum K.‐H. , Johann A. , Sliwa A. , Kaiser T.M. 
Published: February 2010

AbstractBackground  Little is known about salivary α‐amylase expression in primates.Methods  We compared saliva of gelada and hamadryas baboons, chimpanzees and humans using SDS‐PAGE and immunoblotting.Results and conclusions  Amylase expression was increased in hamadryas baboons (P = 0.0376) compared to humans and might indicate dietary starch use in Cercopithecines.
Clustering of acute respiratory infection hospitalizations in childcare facilities
Authors: Kamper‐Jørgensen Mads , Benn Christine Stabell , Simonsen Jacob , Thrane Nana , Wohlfahrt Jan 
Published: February 2010

AbstractAim:  To estimate how risk of acute respiratory infection (ARI) hospitalization in children attending childcare facilities with a recently (within 1 month) hospitalized child is affected by gender, age and other characteristics.Methods:  Population‐based prospective cohort study of 436 434 Danish 0–5‐year‐old children attending childcare during 1989–2004. Information was collected from Danish registers. Main outcome measure was incidence rate ratios (IRRs) of in‐patient hospitalization for ARI.Results:  During 1 777 999 person‐years of follow‐up 42 681 hospitalizations for ARI occurred, of which 362 (1%) occurred within 1 month after another child was hospitalized for ARI in the facility. Children attending a facility with a recent ARI hospitalization had an increased risk of 42% (95% CI 27%;60%) compared with other children. The increased risk was higher in 0–2‐year‐old children than in 3–5‐year‐old children (55% vs 17%, p = 0.02) and if the latest hospitalized child was 0–2 years rather than 3–5 years (52% vs 19%, p = 0.04). The increased risk was similar in boys and girls, but was higher if the latest hospitalized child was a boy rather than a girl (52% vs 13%, p = 0.02).Conclusion:  Although occurring infrequently, clustering of ARI hospitalizations involve 0–2‐year‐olds and boys as first hospitalized child relatively more often than would be expected.
The ClpP protease homologue is required for the transmission traits and cell division of the pathogen Legionella pneumophila
Authors: Li Xiang-hui , Zeng Yong-lun , Gao Ye , Zheng Xiao-cong , Zhang Qin-fen , Zhou Shi-ning , Lu Yong-jun 
Published: February 2010

AbstractBackgroundLegionella pneumophila, the intracellular bacterial pathogen that causes Legionnaires' disease, exhibit characteristic transmission traits such as elevated stress tolerance, shortened length and virulence during the transition from the replication phase to the transmission phase. ClpP, the catalytic core of the Clp proteolytic complex, is widely involved in many cellular processes via the regulation of intracellular protein quality.ResultsIn this study, we showed that ClpP was required for optimal growth ofL. pneumophilaat high temperatures and under several other stress conditions. We also observed that cells devoid ofclpPexhibited cell elongation, incomplete cell division and compromised colony formation. Furthermore, we found that theclpP-deleted mutant was more resistant to sodium stress and failed to proliferate in the amoebae hostAcanthamoeba castellanii.ConclusionsThe data present in this study illustrate that the ClpP protease homologue plays an important role in the expression of transmission traits and cell division ofL. pneumophila, and further suggest a putative role of ClpP in virulence regulation.
Severe odynophagia in a patient developing after azithromycin intake: a case report
Authors: Akyuz Umit , Erzin Yusuf , Yalniz Fevzi Firat , Senkal Ibrahim Volkan , Ekici Isin Dogan , Pata Cengiz 
Published: February 2010

AbstractIntroductionDrug-induced esophageal ulcers most commonly cause heartburn, midsternal pain and dysphagia. In our clinic azithromycin is a relative widely used antibiotic for respiratory tract infections and otitis media because of its activity against Haemophilus influenzae and atypical pathogens, and its ease of administration. After a thorough search in Pubmed the present case is the first one to report azithromycin-induced esophageal ulcer and associated symptoms in the literature.Case presentationA 61-year-old Caucasian man was admitted to our endoscopy unit for the investigation of odynophagia and retrosternal pain of new onset. His past medical history was unremarkable but had used azithromycin 500 mg/d for three days in the previous week. An upper endoscopy revealed an extensive serpiginous midesophageal ulcer in the presence of a normal squamocolumnar junction and biopsies from the edges and center of the lesion disclosed no neoplasia or infectious causes but a dense acute inflammatory infiltrate. The patient was put on a liquid diet, sucralfate proton pump inhibitor treatment and was symptom-free within two weeks. After four weeks on therapy a repeated upper endoscopic control examination demonstrated normal findings.ConclusionTo our knowledge this is the first such a case of azithromycin -induced esophageal ulceration. We think that a little time taken by the physician to warn the patients for taking every oral drug with sufficient amount of water might prevent this kind of complications.
Marketing Public Health Through Older Adult Volunteering: Experience Corps as a Social Marketing Intervention
Authors: Tan Erwin J. , Tanner Elizabeth K. , Seeman Teresa E. , Xue Qian-Li , Rebok George W. , Frick Kevin D. , Carlson Michelle C. , Wang Tao , Piferi Rachel L. , McGill Sylvia , Whitfield Keith E. , Fried Linda P. 
Published: February 2010

Objectives. We present a social marketing conceptual framework for Experience Corps Baltimore City (EC) in which the desired health outcome is not the promoted product or behavior. We also demonstrate the feasibility of a social marketing–based recruitment campaign for the first year of the Baltimore Experience Corps Trial (BECT), a randomized, controlled trial of the health benefits of EC participation for older adults. Methods. We recruited older adults from the Baltimore, MD, area. Participants randomized to the intervention were placed in public schools in volunteer roles designed to increase healthy behaviors. We examined the effectiveness of a recruitment message that appealed to generativity (i.e., to make a difference for the next generation), rather than potential health benefits. Results. Among the 155 participants recruited in the first year of the BECT, the average age was 69 years; 87% were women and 85% were African American. Participants reported primarily generative motives as their reason for interest in the BECT. Conclusions. Public health interventions embedded in civic engagement have the potential to engage older adults who might not respond to a direct appeal to improve their health.