bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Interspecific Differences in Responses to Predation Risk May Confer Competitive Advantages to Invasive Freshwater Turtle Species
Authors: Polo‐Cavia Nuria , López Pilar , Martín José 
Published: August 2010

AbstractThe nature of competitive interactions between native and introduced invasive species is unclear. In the Iberian Peninsula, the introduced red‐eared slider (Trachemys scripta elegans) is an invasive species that is competing and displacing the endangered native Spanish terrapin (Mauremys leprosa). We hypothesized that interspecific differences in antipredatory behavior might confer competitive advantages to introduced T. scripta. We examined whether interspecific differences in responses to predation risk affect the time that turtles remained hidden in the shell before using an active escape to water. Both turtle species adjusted hiding times by balancing predation threat, microhabitat conditions and the costs of remaining hidden. However, introduced T. scripta showed longer hiding times before escaping than native M. Leprosa, which, in contrast, switched from waiting hidden in the shell to escape to deep water as soon as possible. These interspecific differences might result from the risk of facing different types of predators in different microhabitats (land vs. water) in their original habitats. However, in anthropogenically altered habitats where predators have been greatly reduced, T. scripta may avoid potential costs of unnecessary repeated escape responses to water (e.g. interruption of basking). These behavioral asymmetries could contribute to the greater competitive ability of introduced T. scripta within anthropogenically disturbed environments.
Canine Reconciliation and Third‐Party‐Initiated Postconflict Affiliation: Do Peacemaking Social Mechanisms in Dogs Rival Those of Higher Primates?
Authors: Cools Annemieke K.A. , Van Hout Alain J.‐M. , Nelissen Mark H. J. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractConflicts over food, access to mates, or other limited resources can sometimes escalate into aggression. In species that form social groups, these aggressive conflicts can jeopardize the benefits of group living, such as enhanced access to valued resources, necessitating the development of behavioural mechanisms that either mitigate conflicts, prevent aggressive escalation or resolve disputes. Two important mechanisms for managing the effects of disputes involve postconflict (PC) affiliative behaviour, either between the former opponents (called ‘reconciliation’) or between one opponent and a third party. Even though numerous studies have tested reconciliatory and third‐party affiliation tendencies in primates, for non‐primate animals little systematic data are available. We performed behavioural observations on three groups of captive domestic dogs (Canis familiaris) and used a PC/MC method to test the existence of reconciliation and third‐party affiliation in this species. The results of this study clearly indicate that both reconciliation and third‐party PC interactions are present in the domestic dog, and form important social mechanisms of the domestic dog. Furthermore, familiar individuals showed a significantly higher proportion of reconciled conflicts than did unfamiliar individuals, and also displayed fewer conflicts. Finally, we show that most of the third‐party affiliations involve the victim of a conflict and that victim‐directed affiliation outweighs victim‐initiated third‐party affiliation in these PC interactions.
Why Do Male Tree Weta Aggressively Evict Females from Galleries After Mating?
Authors: Kelly Clint D. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractThe sexually dimorphic Wellington tree weta (Hemideina crassidens Blanchard) (Orthoptera: Anostostomatidae) is a harem‐defending polygynous insect in which males use their enormous mandibles to fight conspecifics for access to harems residing in tree cavities (gallery). Tree weta ejaculates (spermatophores) do not include a nuptial meal (spermatophylax) to delay removal by females as in some ensiferan Orthoptera. Consequently, male tree weta are predicted to remain with their mates post‐copula to ensure complete sperm transfer. Contrary to prediction, however, males forcibly eject females from the mating site (gallery) soon after copulation. Results suggest that forcible ejection occurs apparently because females consume the previous spermatophore if either the resident male or a rival initiates a subsequent copulation attempt. Thus, ejection appears to reduce the resident male’s risk that his ejaculate will be eaten and his mate will copulate with another male.
Dual Role for Ethylene in Susceptibility of Tomato to Verticillium Wilt
Authors: Robison M. M. , Griffith M. , Pauls K. P. , Glick B. R. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractEthylene has been observed to both inhibit and promote the symptoms of Verticillium wilt (caused by Verticillium dahliae) in tomato. To test the hypothesis that ethylene has different effects at different stages in the infection process, ethylene levels were manipulated in V. dahliae‐infected tomato plants by the application of an ethylene synthesis inhibitor aminoethoxyvinylglycine (AVG) and/or ethylene's biosynthetic precursor 1‐aminocyclopropane‐1‐carboxylate (ACC) and the effects on disease severity were examined. Statistically significant reductions in disease severity were consistently obtained for AVG‐treated plants that had ACC added at the time of inoculation. A model is therefore proposed in which post‐infection ethylene enhances Verticillium wilt development in tomato whereas its presence at the time of infection inhibits disease development.
Bean Anthracnose: Inoculation Methods and Influence of Plant Stage on Resistance of Phaseolus vulgaris Cultivars
Authors: Bigirimana J. , Höfte M. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractBean anthracnose, caused by Colletotrichum lindemuthianum, severely reduces bean production world‐wide and rapid methods are required to investigate bean‐C. lindemuthianum interactions. In this study, bean cvs Boterkoning, Saxa and Admires were inoculated with C. lindemuthianum race 69 using three different methods: germinated seed inoculation, seedling inoculation and detached leaf inoculation. Although the methods gave similar results, inoculation of detached leaves was the best method. In order to compare the susceptibility of bean at different developmental stages, cvs Prelude, Boterkoning, Saxa and Admires were used. Leaves harvested from 6‐, 8‐, 10‐, 12‐ and 14‐day‐old plants were inoculated with C. lindemuthianum races 9, 69, 385, and 401. Race 9 was virulent to the four bean cultivars at all the tested stages; cvs Admires and Saxa were resistant to races 69, 385 and 401, whereas cv. Boterkoning was susceptible. Plants of cv. Prelude were sensitive at 8 days of age, but resistant when 12 and 14 days old. The present results suggest that the resistance of certain bean cultivars is not equally expressed at all the developmental stages.
Light‐Dependent Accumulation of Tryptamine in the Rice Sekiguchi Lesion Mutant Infected with Magnaporthe grisea
Authors: Arase S. , Ueno M. , Toko M. , Honda Y. , Itoh K. , Ozoe Y. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractAn antifungal compound with an infection‐inhibiting activity was isolated from a rice Sekiguchi lesion (sl) mutant and identified as the indole alkaloid tryptamine. Tryptamine inhibited not only spore germination and appressorium formation of Magnaporthe grisea at high concentrations (> 600 μ g/ml) but also the infection hypha formation in onion cells at low concentrations (150‐300 μ g/ml). Tryptamine is a normal compound of the rice sl‐mutant but accumulates further in rice with a mutant‐type response (Sekiguchi lesion formation) to inoculation with M. grisea spores. A mutant type of response is involved in light‐enhanced resistance. The accumulation of tryptamine was not induced, however, in rice with a wild‐type response (blast lesion formation). This study strongly suggests that tryptamine plays an important role as a possible factor in light‐enhanced resistance in the rice sl‐mutants.
Reservoir and Non‐reservoir Hosts of Bean‐Wilt Pathogen, Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. phaseoli
Authors: Dhingra O. D. , Netto R. A. Coelho 
Published: August 2010

AbstractThe capacity of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. phaseoli to multiply in the roots of 12 non‐host plant species was determined with the objective of selecting potential candidates for crop rotation and/or green manuring in infested bean fields. The plants were inoculated at the seedling stage by a benomyl‐resistant mutant of the pathogen using the root‐dip technique and transplanted to natural soil. The number of colony forming units/g dry root tissue (CFU/g) was determined at the full bloom stage. Quantitatively, the root colonization differed greatly among the plant species. The roots and lower stem of Dolichos lablab, Phaseolus lunatus, Mucuna aterrima, Canavalia ensiforme and Vigna unguiculata were the most compatible with the pathogen and those of Sorghum bicolor, Crotalaria juncea, Oryza sativa and Zea mays were least compatible. No disease symptoms developed on any plant species. Chlamydospore germination in the rhizosphere also differed significantly among the plant species. There was no correlation between percentage chlamydospore germination in the rhizosphere and extent of root colonization. Most plant species recommended for green manuring in bean fields allowed extensive root and stem colonization by F. o. f. sp. phaseoli and were considered as reservoir hosts. All three of the gramineous species tested and C. juncea were classed as non‐reservoir host, because the pathogen did not colonize the stem and its multiplication in the roots was very low. These plant species appear to be good candidates for long‐term field evaluation to determine their usefulness in an integrated management of Fusarium bean‐wilt.
Root Rot and Wilt of Kangaroo Paw (Anigozanthos manglesii) Caused by Pythium myriotylum (Drechs.) in Israel
Authors: Tsror (Lahkim) L. , Hazanovsky M. , Mordechai‐Lebiush S. , Ben‐David T. , Dori I. , Matan E. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractA root rot and wilt disease of Anigozanthos manglesii (Kangaroo Paw) grown in greenhouses in Israel, for exporting as cut flowers to Europe, was characterized. Pythium myriotylum (Drechs.) and Rhizoctonia solani (Kühn) were the prevalent pathogens in diseased plants collected from commercial greenhouses. Fusarium oxysporum, Fusarium spp. and Myrothecium sp. were also isolated, but P. myriotylum or R. solani were not detected in samples from symptomless plants in tissue cultures (Australian origin) or plants at different stages in the nursery; non‐pathogenic F. oxysporum and Fusarium spp. were detected in several samples. In pathogenicity tests carried out in pots, plant mortality occurred 7 days after inoculation with P. myriotylum. In a field experiment carried out in methyl bromide‐fumigated soil, the incidence of dead plants following inoculation with P. myriotylum alone was 22% 10 days after inoculation, increasing to 78% after an additional 25 days. The incidence of dead plants following inoculation with R. solani alone was only 5% and in plants inoculated simultaneously with both pathogens, disease incidence was 88% 35 days after inoculation. Mortality reached 90–100% in plants inoculated with P. myriotylum, either singly or combined with R. solani 60 days after inoculation, whereas in plants inoculated with R. solani it was 5%. The maximum mortality in plants inoculated with R. solani was 25%, 76 days after inoculation. These results clearly demonstrate that P. myriotylum was the dominant pathogen in the root rot and wilt of A. manglesii.
Caring of ST‐elevation myocardial infarction patients in rural community hospital settings: Determinants of in‐hospital mortality
Authors: Okuyan Ertugrul , Uslu Ahmet , Levent Mustafa O. , Sahin Irfan , Dinckal Mustafa H. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractObjective:  Cardiovascular disease contributes more than three quarters of all cardiovascular deaths worldwide. Adherence to myocardial infarction (MI) guidelines might not be possible in many rural hospitals. We aim to share our three‐year experience in rural settings regarding to ST‐elevation MI (STEMI) patients particularly by focusing on determinants of in‐hospital mortality. Methods:  We retrospectively analysed our data for 559 acute STEMI patients admitted to our coronary care unit in Kastamonu city, Turkey between August 2004 and August 2007. Key demographic and clinical characteristics and data regarding symptom duration, prehospital transfer settings and insurance status were collected. Killip classes and in‐hospital therapy of all patients were recorded. Results:  A total of 54 patients (9.66%) died within the hospitalisation period. Multivariate analysis revealed that advanced age > 65 years, late admission, hypotension at presentation, killip class > 2, anterior location, posterior location, lack of fibrinolysis and cardiogenic shock were independent predictors of in‐hospital mortality.Conclusions:  In rural hospital settings, clinical resources and transfer facilities are limited. Therefore, improvement of early transfer and prehospital fibrinolysis capabilities should decrease mortality.
Pandemic influenza vaccination: Will the health care system take its own medicine?
Authors: Ferguson Craig D. , Ferguson Teagen E. , Golledge Jonathan , McBride William J. H. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractObjective:  To identify factors associated with acceptance of the pandemic Influenza A H1N1 California 7/09 vaccine (pH1N1 vaccine) in rural hospital staff. Design:  Cross‐sectional group administered survey. Setting:  A 58‐bed rural Queensland hospital, over a 10‐day period starting five days after commencement of the pH1N1 vaccination program. Participants:  Hospital staff and students. Main outcome measures:  Intention to receive pandemic influenza vaccination, seasonal influenza vaccination. Results:  The survey was completed by 252 staff and students (full response rate 76.1%, cooperation rate 98.4%). The majority of respondents had already decided whether or not to receive the pH1N1 vaccine: 111 (44.0%) intended to be vaccinated, 63 (25.0%) intended not to be vaccinated and 78 (31.0%) were undecided. Of 125 staff who had received the seasonal influenza vaccine, 86 (68.8%) intended to receive the pandemic vaccine. Respondents were less likely to state acceptance of the pH1N1 vaccine if they identified concern about vaccine adverse reactions (odds ratio (OR) 0.29; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.11–0.78), vaccine safety (OR 0.20; 95% CI, 0.09–0.46), vaccine efficacy (OR 0.20; 95% CI, 0.04–0.87) or perceived limitations of vaccine trials (OR 0.08; 95% CI, 0.01–0.99) as primary reasons discouraging pandemic influenza vaccination. Conclusions:  There is considerable concern among rural hospital staff regarding pH1N1 vaccine adverse reactions, safety, efficacy and the adequacy of clinical trials on its use. Education specifically addressing these concerns might increase pandemic vaccine acceptability.
Magnetic resonance appearance of tuberculosis of the knee joint with ruptured Baker's cyst
Authors: Kulshrestha A , Misra RN , Agarwal P , Gupta D 
Published: August 2010

SUMMARYAfter the spine, the knee joint is the most commonly affected joint in skeletal tuberculosis. Baker's cyst is a rather rare complication of knee joint tuberculosis. The plain radiographic appearance of the tuberculous knee joint has been amply described. We present the magnetic resonance appearance of a tuberculous knee joint associated with a ruptured popliteal cyst.
Emergency embolization of multiple splenic artery pseudoaneurysms associated with portal hypertension complicating cystic fibrosis†
Authors: Geoghegan T , McAuley G , Snow A , Torreggiani WC 
Published: August 2010

SUMMARYCystic fibrosis (CF) is the most common potentially lethal genetic disease in the white population. Improvements in life expectancy have led to an increasing recognition of hepatobiliary complications from CF. Splenic artery aneurysms are a rare complication of portal hypertension with a high mortality due to their significant potential for rupture, resulting in life‐threatening i.p. haemorrhage. The optimum treatment of ruptured splenic artery aneurysms is controversial. This case describes the successful emergency embolization of multiple splenic artery pseudoaneurysms associated with portal hypertension complicating cystic fibrosis.
Low grade central chondrosarcoma of the fifth costotransverse joint
Authors: Bartalena Tommaso , Rimondi E , Rossi G , Bianchi G , Alberghini M 
Published: August 2010

SUMMARYChondrosarcoma (CHS) is the third most frequent primary malignant tumour of bone exceeded only by myeloma and osteosarcoma. It usually occurs in the trunk bones (pelvic girdle, shoulder, ribs) followed by the femur and humerus and is very rare in the spine accounting for about 5% of all CHSs. The majority of patients affected are over 50 years old. We report a case of a 22‐year‐old woman with a 2‐month history of pain on the right side of the upper thoracic spine. Complete imaging work‐up with radiographs, CT, MRI and digital subtraction angiography showed an osteolytic lesion of the right transverse process of T5 with extension into the ipsilateral rib and enhancing extracompartmental tissue involving the paraspinal muscles. Both CT‐guided core needle biopsy and excisional biopsy were consistent with grade I central CHS with myxoid change and focal areas of Grade II CHS.
Renal vein thrombosis in transitional cell carcinoma
Authors: Cilliers G , Naidoo A , Ackermann C , Parsons JJ , Andronikou S 
Published: August 2010

SUMMARYA rare case of renal transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) associated with bland thrombus of the renal vein extending into the inferior vena cava is described. Tumour thrombus in renal cell carcinoma is frequently encountered, but only very rarely occurs with TCC. Bland renal vein thrombosis occurring with renal TCC has not been described before. Contrast enhanced computed tomography assisted in distinguishing between bland and tumour thrombosis and aided in surgical management.
Calcific myonecrosis: case report and radiopathological correlation
Authors: Constantine Sarah , Brennan Catriona , Sebben Ruben 
Published: August 2010

SUMMARYWe present a patient with an enlarging calf mass 36 years after a tibia and fibula fracture. He developed a peroneal nerve palsy after the accident, which was probably due to a subclinical compartment syndrome. Imaging of the leg was consistent with calcific myonecrosis. The diagnosis was confirmed histologically. The radiopathological findings of calcific myonecrosis are discussed.
Percutaneous biliary internal decompression in a patient with simultaneous malignant biliary and duodenal obstruction and surgically modified anatomy
Authors: Gulati MS , Sabharwal T , Dourado R , Adam1 A 
Published: August 2010

SUMMARYSimultaneous involvement and obstruction of the common bile duct and the duodenum presents a difficult and challenging problem to the surgeon, the endoscopist and the interventional radiologist. In the case report we present here, the patient had had duodenal and biliary obstruction secondary to hepatic flexure adenocarcinoma and presented with recurrent obstructive jaundice. As the surgically modified anatomy precluded all conventional endoscopic and percutaneous approaches, it was necessary to use an improvised method of achieving biliary decompression.
Foramen of Monro meningioma with atypical appearance: CT and conventional MR findings
Authors: Hakyemez B , Erdogan C , Oruc E , Aker S , Aksoy K , Parlak M 
Published: August 2010

SUMMARYIntraventricular meningiomas have often been reported; however, literature reveals very few cases localized within foramen of Monro. Herein we report a 57‐year‐old woman admitted with obstructive hydrocephalus‐related symptoms. Strikingly, the lesion was completely calcified in CT and had no marked solid component on MRI. The lesion was completely removed by surgical resection with a transfrontal intraventricular approach. The resected mass was histopathologically diagnosed as meningioma. The patient’s symptoms resolved immediately after the operation.
Elastofibroma dorsi: Typical radiological features
Authors: Haykir R , Karakose S , Karabacakoglu A 
Published: August 2010

SUMMARYElastofibroma dorsi is a rare benign and slow‐growing fibro‐proliferative lesion. It has a characteristic location (periscapular region) and a specific imaging appearance (sonography, CT, MRI) allowing accurate prospective diagnosis. The recognition of this benign lesion avoids unnecessary biopsy and/or surgery. We report two cases of bilateral elastofibroma dorsi illustrating characteristic imaging features on ultrasound, CT and MRI.
Oesophageal and tracheal perforation in thyroid B‐cell lymphoma
Authors: Jaremko JL , Rawat B , Naik S 
Published: August 2010

SUMMARYWe report an unusual case of spontaneous oesophageal and tracheal perforation secondary to thyroid B‐cell lymphoma in a previously healthy 76‐year‐old woman. Findings on chest radiography, CT and oesophagram are correlated to endoscopy, surgery and pathology. Such perforation is a rare and serious complication that should be specifically considered when a patient with a neck neoplasm develops acute respiratory or gastrointestinal symptoms.
Adductor insertion avulsion syndrome with stress fracture of femoral shaft: MRI findings
Authors: Lawande MA , Sankhe S , Pungavkar SA , Patkar DP 
Published: August 2010

SUMMARYChronic vague hip pain may be caused by stress‐related injury in the proximal or mid‐femoral diaphysis. This has been described as an entity called adductor insertion avulsion syndrome, or thigh splints. In the appropriate clinical setting, the radiologist interpreting the magnetic resonance imaging must be aware of this condition as its imaging findings are subtle. The diagnosis will help the clinician plan the appropriate management. Magnetic resonance imaging can also depict the complications such as stress fracture.
Meat balls: a pathognomonic ultrasound and computed tomography finding in mature cystic teratoma
Authors: Mahomedy S , Bayat MR , Seedat M 
Published: August 2010

SUMMARYOne of the commonest germ cell tumours are mature cystic ovarian teratomas. Although the imaging features of teratomas are highly variable, the sonographic and CT identification of fatty and calcific components are fairly suggestive. The case presented, however, is of an unusual, yet pathognomonic CT and ultrasound imaging appearance of an ovarian teratoma that was due to floating balls.
The Ileocaecal Knot
Authors: Menon Tulsi , Martin Richard , Ramsay Duncan , Archer Stephen 
Published: August 2010

SUMMARYVariations in intestinal knot syndromes have been described in the past, including ileoileal knots, ileosigmoid knots and appendico‐ileal knots. We report a new type of intestinal knot syndrome, an ileocaecal knot, which, to our knowledge, has not been reported before in the world literature. Features on CT that may raise suspicion of an ileal knot syndrome are described.
Giant arachnoid granulation: Differential diagnosis of acute headache
Authors: Peters SA , Frombach E , Heyer CM 
Published: August 2010

SUMMARYWe present a case of intense, rapidly evolving headache clinically mimicking meningitis, subarachnoid haemorrhage or venous sinus thrombosis. Clinical examination, standard blood work and central nervous system studies were non‐contributory and effectively ruled out these diagnoses. Cranial multidetector CT studies before and after application of intravenous contrast medium performed prior to lumbar tap disclosed a non‐enhancing ovoid mass filling the superior sagittal sinus. This lesion posed a differential to venous sinus thrombosis, but ultimately fulfilled the criteria of a giant arachnoid granulation. The imaging characteristics and differential diagnosis of giant arachnoid granulations are discussed.