bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effective treatment after failure of omeprazole plus amoxycillin to eradicate Helicobacter pylori infection in peptic ulcer disease
Authors: LABENZ J. , RÜHL G. H. , BERTRAMS J. , BÖRSCH G. 
Published: July 2010

SUMMARY Methods: Fifty patients with relapsing or complicated Helicobacter pylori positive duodenal (n= 41) or gastric ulcer disease (n= 9) and failure of a combined treatment with omeprazole plus amoxycillin to eradicate H. pylori infection were re‐treated with either oral triple therapy (bismuth subsalicylate, metronidazole, tetracycline) plus ranitidine [group I: n= 22] or high‐dose omeprazole (40 mg b.d. to t.d.s.) plus amoxycillin (1 g t.d.s.) [group II: n= 28]. Results: Patients of group I and II had similar demographic and clinical characteristics. The overall proportion of eradication of H. pylori infection was 81.8% in group I and 78.6% in group II (P= N.S.) as judged from negative bacterial findings by means of an urease test, specific culture and histology after modified Giemsa stain. Ulcer healing was observed in all patients after a maximum duration of 10 weeks. Ten patients on triple therapy and only one patient on omeprazole plus amoxycillin (45.5%vs. 3.6%; P < 0.001) complained of side effects without necessity of discontinuation of the study medication in either group. Twenty patients (group I: n= 10: group II: n= 10) with relapsing duodenal ulcer disease and successful cure were prospectively followed for one year without any evidence of ulcer relapse or H. pylori re‐infection. Conclusion: Oral triple therapy plus ranitidine or highdose omeprazole plus amoxycillin remain highly effective in eradicating H. pylori infection in patients with peptic ulcer disease and treatment failure of omeprazole/amoxycillin, but the omeprazole enhanced antibiotic monotherapy seems to be superior with regard to side effects. Thus, high‐dose omeprazole/amoxycillin is recommended as the treatment of first choice in these selected patients. Triple therapy should be reserved for patients intolerant of amoxycillin
Short report: evaluation of Helicobacter pylori eradication with bismuth sucrlfate
Authors: REIJERS M. H. E. , NOACH L. A. , TYTGAT G. N. J. 
Published: July 2010

SUMMARY Methods: In a pilot study we have evaluated the clinical efficacy of bismuth sucralfate to eradicate H. pylori. Ten consecutive patients with chronic dyspepsia and H. pylori associated gastritis were treated with bismuth sucralfate (220 mg bismuth per tablet, 4 tablets per day for 4 weeks). If a 14C urea breath test immediately after the medication was negative, a gastroscopy was performed one month later to obtain biopsies for culture and histological examination. Results: Four patients experienced side effects. In none of the ten patients could eradication of H. pylori be demonstrated one month after treatment with bismuth sucralfate. Conclusion: Bismuth sucralfate is not effective for the treatment of H. pylori infection.
Short report: interferon‐α decreases 14C–aminopyrine breath test values in patients with chronic hepatitis C
Authors: HORSMANS Y. , BRENARD R. , GEUBEL A. P. 
Published: July 2010

SUMMARY Objective: To investigate the effect of interferon‐α on cytochrome P‐4 50 dependent microsomal function. Methods: The 14C‐aminopyrine breath test was performed before, during and after a standard dose of interferon‐α (3 000000 units three times per week) was administered for at least six months (nine patients with chronic hepatitis C). Results : Mean aminopyrine breath test values obtained during therapy were significantly lower than either pre‐ or post‐treatment, the degree of reduction varying widely between individuals. Pre‐ and post‐treatment aminopyrine breath test values did not differ significantly. Conclusion: Interferon therapy is associated with a significant and transient inhibition of cytochrome P‐450 activity, which should be taken into account when prescribing concurrent therapy with drugs metabolized by this pathway.
Review article: treatments that impact favourably upon the eradication of Helicobacter pylori and ulcer recurrence
Authors: TYTGAT G. N. J. 
Published: July 2010

SUMMARYHealing the gastroduodenal mucosa through Helicobacter pylori eradication leads to a dramatic reduction in gastroduodenal ulcer relapse. Eradication of H. pylori proves to be difficult. Although the organism is sensitive to many antibiotics in vitro, the in vivo eradicating efficacy is often disappointing. This overview summarizes the most commonly used currently‐available eradication schemes and the consequences of successful eradication in peptic ulcer disease.
Omeprazole, bismuth and clarithromycin in the sequential treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection
Authors: NERI M. , SUSI D. , LATERZA F. , DI IORIO P. , SECCIA G. , MEZZETTI A. , CUCCIIRULLO F. 
Published: July 2010

SUMMARYAims: To assess the therapeutic potential of clarithromycin, a new macrolide with high anti‐Helicobacter pylori activity, given with bismuth salts and omeprazole in different regimens aimed at simplifying the treatment of H. piylon‐related gastritis.Methods: Eighty‐eight patients with proven H. pylori infection and gastritis were treated with one of the following four regimens: omeprazole 40 mg/day for one week (group A. n = 14); omeprazole 40 mg/day for one week followed by clarithromycin 1 g/day for 2 weeks (group B, n = 26); omeprazole 40 mg/day for one week followed by tripotassium dicitrato bismuthate 480 mg/day and clarithromycin 1 g/day, both for two weeks (group C, n = 26); and tripotassium dicitrato bismuthate 480 mg/day and clarithromycin 1 g/day for two weeks (group D, n = 22). Presence of H. pylori, histology and electron microscopy were assessed at entry and four weeks after the end of each treatment.Results: Omeprazole alone had no effect on H. pylori status. The highest eradication rate was obtained in group C patients (81%), a proportion significantly greater than that observed in group B (50%, P < 0.03) or group D patients (55%, P < 0.05).Conclusion: Sequential treatment may be a useful option in the treatment of H. pylori‐related gastritis.
Long term treatment with omeprazole 20 mg three days a week or 10 mg daily in the prevention of duodenal ulcer relapse
Authors: PORRO G. BIANCHI , CORINALDESI R. , LAZZARONI M. , BARBARA L. , CAPURSO L. , PAOLUZI P. , MANGIAMELI A. , SABBATINI F. , FRANCESCHI M. , BOLLING E. 
Published: July 2010

SUMMARYBackground: The aim of this study was to compare omeprazole 10 mg o.m. (daily) with omeprazole 20 mg o.m. on Friday to Sunday inclusive (weekend) in the prevention of duodenal ulcer relapse over a 6‐month period.Methods: After an open healing phase (4 to 8 weeks) with omeprazole 20 mg o.m., 81 patients entered the follow‐up phase. Forty‐two were randomized in a double‐blind double‐dummy technique, to omeprazole 10 mg o.m., and 39 to omeprazole 20 mg at weekends, At 3 and 6 months or on symptomatic relapse the patients underwent endoscopy with gastric biopsies (quantitative assessment of argyrophilic and gastrin cells), symptom evaluation, and laboratory screening with fasting serum gastrin.Results: Five patients in the 10 mg group and four in the weekend group were lost to follow‐up. The estimated relapse rates over six months in the two groups receiving 10 mg daily or 20 mg at weekends were 19% and 31%, respectively (95% CI of percentage difference: –33% to 8%; intention‐to‐treat analysis, P = N.S.). During the follow‐up phase, symptoms tended to be milder in the omeprazole 10 mg daily group compared to the weekend group. Gastrin levels increased significantly during the healing phase but then stayed almost constant in the omeprazole 10 mg group, and significantly decreased with weekend treatment. The median number of argyrophilic cells showed a slight but statistically significant increase in the omeprazole 10 mg daily group, but did not change in the weekend group. Both the healing and long‐term therapies were well tolerated.Conclusions: Our data do not show a clear difference between the two treatment regimens, but there was a tendency towards a lower recurrence rate with omeprazole 10 mg daily compared with 20 mg weekend therapy.
Budesonide enema active haemorrhagic proctitis—a controlled trial against hydrocortisone foam enema
Authors: TARPILA S. , TURUNEN U , SEPPÄLÄ K. , AUKEE S. , PIKKARAINEN P. , ELOMAAS† I. , KARVONENT A‐L. , KÄÄRIÄINEN I. , SIPPONEN P. , TOIVANEN E. , HEIKIUS B. , NIEMELÄ S. , NURMI. H. , TUNTURI‐HIHNALATT H. , BURNHAM W. R. , COWAN R. E. , HINE K. R. , PERSSON T. , SALDES L. 
Published: July 2010

SUMMARY Background: The aim was to compare budesonide enema, 2 mg/100 mL (Entocort) and hydrocortisone acetate foam enema, 125 mg (Colifoam) in patients with active haemorrhagic proctitis. Methods: The trial was a controlled, randomized, investigator‐blind study with two parallel groups. Endoscopy, histology and diary cards were used to assessed the response to therapy. Safety was assessed by laboratory tests and adverse event recording. Results: Seventy‐two patients were included. Investigations were made before treatment and after 2 and 4 weeks. Both treatment groups showed statistically significant improvement in endoscopic scores but significant differences between the groups were not found. In the hydrocortisone group, plasma cortisol was significantly lowered after 4 weeks compared with budesonide. Bowel habits and quality of life variables did not differ between the treatments. The recorded adverse events were mild or moderate and may have been due to the proctitis. Conclusions: These results suggest that budesonide enema is as effective as hydrocortisone foam enema, but without the potential for side‐effects associated with suppression of plasma cortisol.
Comparison of a high lipase pancreatic enzyme extract with a regular pancreatin preparation in adult cystic fibrosis patients
Authors: GAN K. H. , HEIJERMAN H. G. M. , GEUS W. P. , BAKKER W. , LAMERS C. B. H. W. 
Published: July 2010

SUMMARY Background: Malabsorption due to exocrine pancreatic insufficiency is the main gastrointestinal problem in cystic fibrosis. Despite high doses of pancreatic enzyme supplements it is often not possible to normalize fat absorption. We compared a new high lipase pancreatic enzyme preparation (Pancrease‐HL; Cilag, Brussels, Belgium), containing enteric coated microspheres with 25000 U of lipase, 22 500 U of amylase and 1250 U of protease per capsule, with regular Pancrease capsules, containing 5000 U of lipase, 2900 U of amylase and 330 U of protease per capsule. Methods: In a randomized double‐blind crossover study, 13 cystic‐fibrosis patients (6 male, 7 female, mean age 2 7.7 years) received either four capsules of Pancrease t.d.s. or one capsule of Pancrease‐HL t.d.s. Patients took 20 mg omeprazole daily to raise intra‐duodenal pH and thus optimize release of enzymes from the enteric coated microspheres. Results: With four capsules of Pancrease t.d.s., mean fat excretion was 15.4% and mean nitrogen excretion was 19.9% vs. 15.5% fat and 19.9% nitrogen excretion with one capsule Pancrease‐HL t.d.s. Fat and protein energy loss (as a percentage of total daily intake) was 18.3% with Pancrease and 18.2% with Pancrease‐HL. The differences were not statistically significant. Pancrease‐HL was well tolerated, with no difference in abdominal pain or general well‐being scores. The number and average weight of stools passed remained the same. Conclusions: One capsule of Pancrease‐HL appears to be equivalent to four capsules of regular Pancrease. Treatment with less capsules per day with the same efficacy may facilitate patient compliance.
Polgmeric nutrition as the primary therapy in children with small bowel Crohn's disease
Authors: BEATTIE R. M. , SCHIFFRIN E. J. , DONNET‐HUGHES A , HUGGETT A. C. , DOMIZIO P. , MACDONALD T. T. , WALKER‐SMITH J. A. 
Published: July 2010

SUMMARY Background: Recent studies in adults have shown that polymeric (whole protein) diets are as effective as semi‐elemental and elemental formulae for the induction of remission in small bowel Crohn's disease. Whole protein diets are more palatable and cheaper. There have been no studies confirming efficacy in children. Patients and Methods: We report our experience with seven children with active small bowel Crohn's disease given a casein‐based, polymeric feed rich in TGF‐SbT2 (Specific Polymeric Diet; Nestl–Clintec; Vevey, Switzerland) as complete nutrition for 8 weeks. Results: Initial and follow‐up assessments were performed. All children showed a significant improvement in disease activity, with C‐reactive protein returning to normal, an increase in serum albumin and a good weight gain. Initial and follow‐up ileal biopsies were assessed and showed reduced mucosal inflammation in six of seven children, with complete healing in two. Conclusion: In an uncontrolled descriptive study we have shown that a polymeric (whole protein) diet is a therapeutic option for small bowel Crohn's disease in children. By comprehensive follow‐up we have demonstrated clinical and biochemical remission, with an improved endoscopic appearance and a reduction of mucosal inflammation in the terminal ileum.
The eflects of levosulpiride on gastric and gall‐bladder emptying in functional dyspepsia
Authors: ARIENTI V. , CORAZZA G. R. , SORGE M. , BORIANI L. , UGENTI F. , BIAGI F. , MACONI G. , SOTTILI S. , THIEL† D. H. VAN , GASBARRINI G. 
Published: July 2010

SUMMARY Background: 50 % of patients with functional dyspepsia have delayed gastric emptying. Levosulpiride is an orthopramide drug that stimulates gastrointestinal motility. Aim of our study was to evaluate the effect of levosulpiride on symptoms and gastric and gall‐bladder emptying, in dyspeptic patients. Methods: Thirty adult patients, treated for 20 days with levosulpiride (75 mg/day) or placebo, were evaluated in a randomized double‐blind study. Symptoms were assessed by a cumulative index and overall intensity (visual analogue line). Gastric and gall‐bladder emptying were evaluated by epigastric impedance (liquid meal) and real‐time ultrasonography (mixed meal). Results: Levosulpiride, with respect to placebo, accelerated the mean gastric half‐emptying time of liquids (P < 0.05), gastric emptying (P < 0.001 at 180 min; P < 0.05 at 240 min), and gall‐bladder emptying (P < 0.05 at 60 and 120 min) emptying after a solid‐liquid mixed meal. Both the mean cumulative index (P < 0.05) and the overall intensity (P < 0.025) of dyspeptic symptoms were reduced significantly by levosulpiride. Conclusions: Our results showed that levosulpiride can be usefully employed in patients affected by functional dyspepsia.
Rapid eradication of Helicobacter pylori infection
Authors: BELL G. D. , POWELL K. U. , BURRIDGE S. M. , BOWDEN A. F. , ATOYEBI W. , BOLTON G. H. , JONES P. H. , BROWN C. 
Published: July 2010

SUMMARY Background/aims: Current Helicobacter pylori eradication therapy for peptic ulcer disease usually involves a 2‐week course of either a bismuth preparation or omeprazole in combination with antibiotics. We have studied a shorter, 7‐day course of treatment to assess efficacy and tolerability. Methods: Four hundred and thirty‐six patients, in three non‐randomized groups, received omeprazole (40 mg mane), amoxycillin (500 mg t.d.s.) and metronidazole (400 mg t.d.s.): 308 patients received the triple combination for 14 days; 80 patients were treated for 7 days; and 48 patients received omeprazole and amoxycillin for 7 days but metronidazole for only 5 days. Results: Helicobacter pylori was eradicated in 89.5%, 91.1% and 87.5%, respectively (98.3%, 92.9% and 100% of metronidazole‐sensitive isolates and 75.6% and 88.2% of metronidazole‐resistant isolates in the first two groups). Side effects were significantly more frequent in patients who received 14 days (49%) compared with 7 days of treatment (33%); only 8/308 and 1/128 patients, respectively, failed to complete the course. Conclusions: On the basis of efficacy, tolerability and cost, we conclude that a 7‐day course of the omeprazole (40 mg mane), amoxycillin (500 mg t.d.s.) plus metronidazole (400 mg t.d.s.) combination is effective therapy for the eradication of H. pylori.
Effect of an evening dose of regular and effervescent formulations of ranitidine or cimetidine on intragastric pH in healthy volunteers
Authors: SMOUT A. J. P. M. , JONKMAN J. H. G. , PEETERS P. A. M. , BRUIN† H. DE 
Published: July 2010

SUMMARY Aims: To compare the effects on intragastric acidity of a single evening dose of either standard or effervescent formulations of ranitidine (300 mg) or cimetidine (800 mg). Methods: Twelve healthy subjects were studied, using a four‐period randomized cross‐over design and an ambulatory intragastric pH monitoring technique. The subjects received a standard evening meal at 17.00 hours and one of the H2‐receptor antagonist formulations was given at 23.00 hours. Results: Both effervescent formulations caused a transient rapid increase in intragastric pH, reaching a maximum at about 3 min after ingestion. After both effervescent formulations a significantly higher pH was measured during the first 45 min after ingestion (P < 0.05), compared to the regular formulations. The onset of action of the H2 receptor antagonists was similar for both formulations of ranitidine and the effervescent cimetidine, but tended to be slower for the regular cimetidine (P= 0.06). Nocturnal intragastric pH was significantly increased by all four formulations, but more effectively so by the two ranitidine formulations. The duration of action (taken as time with pH > 4) of both ranitidine formulations was longer than that of both cimetidine formulations (P < 0.002). Conclusions: A single evening dose of 300 mg ranitidine produces a stronger decrease of nocturnal gastric acid secretion than 800 mg cimetidine. The effervescent formulations of both drugs offer the advantage of a rapid decrease (within minutes) of intragastric acidity, with preservation of the sustained systemic effect.
The effect of gastritis on human gastric alcohol dehydrogenase activity and ethanol metabolism
Authors: BROWN A. St., J. M. , FIATARONE J. R. , WOOD† P. , BENNETT† M. K. , KELLY P. J. , RAWLINS† M. D. , DAY C. P. , JAMES O. F. W. 
Published: July 2010

SUMMARY Background: Gastric mucosal alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) may decrease the bioavailability of ingested ethanol. Because this enzyme is found in highest concentrations in the superficial gastric mucosa, diffuse abnormalities of this tissue could lead to a decrease in the first pass metabolism of ethanol. Methods: Thirty‐three adult subjects undergoing routine upper gastrointestinal endoscopy had gastric biopsies performed for assessment of gastric histology and the measurement of gastric ADH activity. Twenty of these subjects underwent separate oral dosing and intravenous infusion of ethanol (0.15 g/kg body weight) in order to determine the first pass metabolism, and hence bioavailability, of ethanol. Results: Gastric histology was normal in 10 of the biopsies, showed chronic gastritis alone in 13 and significant glandular atrophy (i.e. atrophic gastritis) in a further 10. Gastric ADH activity in specimens with normal gastric histology was significantly higher than those with chronic gastritis (P=0.02), and was further decreased in those specimens with significant atrophy (P < 0.00001). However, no correlation was found between gastric ADH activity and the first pass metabolism of ethanol (r= 0.09, P=0.9). Conclusions: These results suggest that although gastric ADH activity was decreased in individuals with abnormal gastric mucosa, ethanol bioavailability was not affected by gastric ADH activity. These data support the view that gastric ADH does not play a significant role in the first pass metabolism of alcohol.
Khat chewing delays gastric emptying of a semi‐solid meal
Authors: HEYMANN T. D. , BHUPULAN A. , ZUREIKAT N. E. K. , BOMANJI J. , DRINKWATER C. , GILES P. , MURRAY‐LYON I. M. 
Published: July 2010

SUMMARY Background: The leaves of Khat are chewed for their central stimulant effect, but their use may cause anorexia and constipation. Methods: Gastric emptying of a radio‐labelled semi‐solid meal was measured in 12 healthy volunteers on two occasions a week apart. Subjects chewed either Khat leaves (Catha edulis) or lettuce for 2 h before the study. Results: Gastric emptying was significantly (P < 0.02 prolonged after chewing Khat compared with lettuce. Conclusion: The sympathomimetic action of cathinonn in Khat may cause the observed delay in gastric emptying.
Interaction of NSAIDs and Helicobacter pylori on gastrointestinal injury and prostaglandin production: a controlled double‐blind trial
Authors: LAINE L. , COMINELLI F. , SLOANE R. , CASINI‐RAGGI V. , MARIN‐SORENSEN M. , WEINSTEIN W. M. 
Published: July 2010

SUMMARY Background: H. pylori and nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are major causes of gastroduodenal injury in man. We assessed the effect of daily NSAID ingestion on gastric histology and the interaction of H. pylori infection and NSAID ingestion on gross and histological injury and prostaglandin production. Methods: Fifty‐two healthy volunteers with normal baseline endoscopy were randomly assigned to receive identical‐appearing naproxen 500 mg b.d., etodolac 400 mg b.d., or placebo b.d. for 4 weeks. The number and size of all erosions and ulcers were recorded by endoscopy at weeks 1 and 4. Biopsies taken at baseline, week 1 and week 4 were assessed for H. pylori, histology and gastric prostaglandin E2 production. Results: No significant changes occurred with treatment in any histological feature in the three study groups or in H. pylori positive or negative subsets. Antral inflammation scores (scale, 0–6) for the NSAID group were: week 0‐1.2 ± 0.3; week 1—1.1 ± 0.3; week 4—1.3 ± 0.3; findings of ‘chemical gastritis’ were not seen. No significant difference in gross gastroduodenal injury (number or total surface area of ulcers or erosions) was seen between H. pylori positive and negative subjects in the three groups at week 1 or 4. Baseline prostaglandin E2 production was significantly higher in H. pylori positive subjects (2398±400 vs. 1064±255 pg/mg protein) and decreased significantly with 1 week of naproxen in H. pylori positive and negative subjects. Conclusions: NSAID ingestion does not cause diffuse histological injury. Any diffuse histological injury in the gastric mucosa is related to the presence of H. pylori, and this H. pylori‐associated gastritis is not altered by NSAID ingestion. Furthermore, the development of gross gastroduodenal damage with 4 weeks of NSAID use is not influenced by underlying H. pylori infection.