bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Functional magnetic resonance imaging exploration of combined hand and speech movements in Parkinson's disease
Authors: Pinto Serge , Mancini Laura , Jahanshahi Marjan , Thornton John S. , Tripoliti Elina , Yousry Tarek A. , Limousin Patricia 
Published: June 2011

AbstractAmong the repertoire of motor functions, although hand movement and speech production tasks have been investigated widely by functional neuroimaging, paradigms combining both movements have been studied less so. Such paradigms are of particular interest in Parkinson's disease, in which patients have specific difficulties performing two movements simultaneously. In 9 unmedicated patients with Parkinson's disease and 15 healthy control subjects, externally cued tasks (i.e., hand movement, speech production, and combined hand movement and speech production) were performed twice in a random order and functional magnetic resonance imaging detected cerebral activations, compared to the rest. F‐statistics tested within‐group (significant activations at P values < 0.05, familywise error corrected), between‐group, and between‐task comparisons (regional activations significant at P values < 0.001, uncorrected, with cluster size > 10 voxels). For control subjects, the combined task activations comprised the sum of those obtained during hand movement and speech production performed separately, reflecting the neural correlates of performing movements sharing similar programming modalities. In patients with Parkinson's disease, only activations underlying hand movement were observed during the combined task. We interpreted this phenomenon as patients' potential inability to recruit facilitatory activations while performing two movements simultaneously. This lost capacity could be related to a functional prioritization of one movement (i.e., hand movement), in comparison with the other (i.e., speech production). Our observation could also reflect the inability of patients with Parkinson's disease to intrinsically engage the motor coordination necessary to perform a combined task. © 2011 Movement Disorder Society
Disease‐related and genetic correlates of psychotic symptoms in Parkinson's disease
Authors: Factor Stewart A. , Steenland N. Kyle , Higgins Donald S. , Molho Eric S. , Kay Denise M. , Montimurro Jennifer , Rosen Ami R. , Zabetian Cyrus P. , Payami Haydeh 
Published: June 2011

AbstractOur aim was to examine disease‐related and genetic correlates of the development of psychotic symptoms in a large population of patients with Parkinson's disease. We studied 500 patients with Parkinson's disease from the NeuroGenetics Research Consortium using logistic regression models. Predictors were demographic, clinical (motor/nonmotor features), and genetic, measured as continuous or dichotomous variables. Continuous measures were divided into population‐based tertiles. Results are given as odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) for dichotomous variables and by ascending tertile for continuous variables. Psychotic symptoms were associated with increasing age: 4.86 (1.62–14.30) and 6.25 (2.09–18.74) (test for trend: P = 0.01); and duration of disease: 3.81 (1.23–11.76) and 5.33 (1.68–16.89) (test for trend: P = 0.03). For nonmotor features, we demonstrated positive trends with depression: 1.31 (0.47–3.61) and 5.01 (2.04–12.33) (test for trend: P < 0.0001); cognitive dysfunction: 0.69 (0.26–1.84) and 2.51 (1.00–6.29) (test for trend: P = 0.03); and an excess for those with sleep disorders: 2.00 (1.03–3.89) (P = 0.04). Psychotic symptoms were not associated with tremor or postural instability scores, but there was an association with freezing of gait: 3.83 (1.67–8.75) (P < 0.002). Psychotic symptoms were not associated with the presence of any examined polymorphisms in the apolipoprotein, alpha‐synuclein, or microtubule associated protein tau genes. This is the largest study to examine correlates of psychotic symptoms in Parkinson's disease. We discovered a novel association with freezing of gait. We demonstrated an association with depression and duration of disease, both of which were inconsistently related in previous studies, and confirmed the association with age, cognitive dysfunction, and sleep disorders. © 2011 Movement Disorder Society
Extreme task specificity in writer's cramp
Authors: Shamim Ejaz A. , Chu Jason , Scheider Linda H. , Savitt Joseph , Jinnah H.A. , Hallett Mark 
Published: June 2011

AbstractBackground:Focal hand dystonia may be task specific, as is the case with writer's cramp. In early stages, task specificity can be so specific that it may be mistaken for a psychogenic movement disorder.Methods:We describe 4 patients who showed extreme task specificity in writer's cramp. They initially only had problems writing either a single letter or number. Although they were largely thought to be psychogenic, they progressed to typical writer's cramp.Conclusions:Early recognition of this condition may provide an opportunity for early initiation of treatment. © 2011 Movement Disorder Society
Increased muscle belly and tendon stiffness in patients with Parkinson's disease, as measured by myotonometry
Authors: Marusiak Jarosław , Jaskólska Anna , Budrewicz Sławomir , Koszewicz Magdalena , Jaskólski Artur 
Published: June 2011

AbstractBackground:Based on Davis's law, greater tonus of the muscle belly in individuals with Parkinson's disease can create greater tension in the tendon, leading to structural adjustment and an increase in tendon stiffness. Our study aimed to separately assess passive stiffness in the muscle belly and tendon in medicated patients with Parkinson's disease, using myotonometry.Methods:We tested 12 patients with Parkinson's disease and 12 healthy matched controls. Passive stiffness of muscle belly and tendon was estimated by myotonometry, electromyography, and mechanomyography in relaxed biceps and triceps brachii muscles.Results:Compared with controls, patients with Parkinson's disease had higher stiffness in the muscle belly and tendon of the biceps brachii and in the tendon of the triceps brachii. In patients with Parkinson's disease, there was a positive correlation between muscle belly stiffness and parkinsonian rigidity in the biceps brachii.Conclusion:Patients with Parkinson's disease have higher passive stiffness of the muscle belly and tendon than healthy matched controls. © 2011 Movement Disorder Society
Feeding dystonia in McLeod Syndrome
Authors: Gantenbein Andreas R. , Damon‐Perrière Nathalie , Bohlender Jörg E. , Chauveau Marie , Latxague Chrystelle , Miranda Marcelo , Jung Hans H. , Tison François 
Published: June 2011

AbstractBackground:The X‐linked McLeod syndrome belongs to the group of neuroacanthocytosis syndromes and has a Huntington‐disease–like phenotype with a choreatic movement disorder, cognitive alterations, and psychiatric symptoms. Another neuroacanthocytosis syndrome, the autosomal recessive chorea‐acanthocytosis, has a similar presentation, but distinct clinical features, believed to be characteristic, such as tongue protrusion dystonia, feeding dystonia, and rubber‐man–like appearance.Methods:This work comprised a case series of 3 patients with McLeod syndrome.Results:The 3 patients with McLeod syndrome developed severe feeding dystonia and tongue protrusion as well as rubber‐man–like appearance in 1 patient during the course of the disease.Conclusion:These observations indicate that there is an extended phenotypic overlap between McLeod syndrome and chorea‐acanthocytosis. © 2011 Movement Disorder Society
Analysis of temperature series: estimation of missing data and homogeneity test
Authors: Firat Mahmut , Dikbas Fatih , Koc A. Cem , Gungor Mahmud 
Published: June 2011

AbstractIn this study, missing value analysis and homogeneity tests were applied on the 267 meteorological stations having temperature records throughout Turkey. The monthly and annual mean temperature data of stations operated by the Turkish State Meteorological Service (DMI) for the period 1968–1998 were considered. For each station, each month was analysed separately and the stations with more than 5 years missing values were eliminated. The missing values of the stations were extrapolated by the Expectation Maximization (EM) method using the data of the nearest gauging station (reference station). In consequence of the analysis, annual mean temperature data are obtained by using the monthly values. These data have to be hydrologically/statistically reliable if they are to be used in later hydrological, meteorological, climate change and estimation studies. For this reason, the Standard Normal Homogeneity Test (SNHT), the (Swed‐Eisenhart) Runs Test and the Pettitt homogeneity test were applied to detect inhomogeneities in the annual mean temperature series. Each test was evaluated separately and inhomogeneous stations were determined. Copyright © 2011 Royal Meteorological Society
How can meteorological observations and microclimate simulations improve understanding of 1913–2010 climate change around Abisko, Swedish Lapland?
Authors: Yang Zhenlin , Hanna Edward , Callaghan Terry V. , Jonasson Christer 
Published: June 2011

AbstractA detailed analysis of 2 years' hourly microclimatic (mainly surface air temperature) data recently acquired from locations widely dispersed over 700 km2 in the Abisko catchment encompassing Lake Torneträsk in Swedish Lapland is presented in this study. This project is designed to explore the effects of microclimatic variability, past and future climate change (1913–2100) on regional vegetation and land‐use changes, at an unique Arctic ecological and climate monitoring site, to aid adaptation of stakeholders to future climate change. Dominant altitudinal lapse rate and radiation effects during summer are revealed in detailed analysis of spatial variations in temperature between the different sites, which become largely negated during winter when cold‐air ponding is much more significant. Moreover, near‐shore temperatures are moderated significantly by Lake Torneträsk during the spring lake‐ice melt season. The extent to which synoptic meteorological conditions affect these factors is explored. Examples of gridded temperature maps for the Abisko region are also presented, produced using a downscaling model based on the temperature data, which have numerous ecological and other applications. The long‐term Abisko Scientific Research Station meteorological record, which spans almost a century from 1913 to present is also explored, for evidence of climate change, to set the temperature logger data in a long‐term climate context. Exploratory analysis of the possible influence of future regional climate change on ecological/vegetation zones is also briefly discussed. Copyright © 2011 Royal Meteorological Society
Oral tolerance induction does not resolve gastrointestinal inflammation in a mouse model offoodallergy
Authors: Burggraf Manja , Nakajima‐Adachi Haruyo , Hachimura Satoshi , Ilchmann Anne , Pemberton Alan D. , Kiyono Hiroshi , Vieths Stefan , Toda Masako 
Published: June 2011

AbstractScope: Oral immunotherapy (OIT) involving continuous oral administration of allergenic foods has gained attention as a therapy for food allergies. To study the influence of oral administration of allergenic foods on gastrointestinal symptoms including inflammation, we established a mouse model of food‐induced intestinal allergy.Methods and results: BALB/c mice were fed an egg white (EW) diet containing ovalbumin (OVA, a major EW allergen) after intraperitoneal sensitisation with OVA and Alum. The mice on the EW diet for one wk presented gastrointestinal symptoms (i.e. weight loss and soft stools) and inflammation in the small intestines (i.e. duodenum, jejunum and ileum). Further continuous EW diet resolved the weight loss but not the soft stools. Splenic CD4+ T‐cells of EW diet‐fed mice on the continuous diet showed less proliferation and cytokine production compared with those of control mice, suggesting tolerance induction by the diet. The continuous EW diet reduced levels of OVA‐specific IgE antibodies, but significantly aggravated the inflammation in the jejunum.Conclusion: Our mouse model would be useful to investigate inflammatory and regulatory mechanisms in food‐induced intestinal allergies. Our results suggest potential gastrointestinal inflammation in patients undergoing OIT as continuous administration of allergenic foods, even though the therapy may induce clinical tolerance.
Suppression subtractive hybridization identifies bacterial genomic regions that are possibly involved in hBD‐2 regulation by enterocytes
Authors: Ghadimi Darab , Hassan Mohamed , Njeru Patrisio Njiru , de Vrese Michael , Geis Arnold , Shalabi Samweul I. , Abdel‐Razek Sabah T. , Abdel‐Khair Abd El‐Al A. , Heller Knut J. , Schrezenmeir Jürgen 
Published: June 2011

AbstractScope: Human β‐defensin 2 (hBD‐2) is an inducible antimicrobial peptide synthesized by the epithelium to counteract bacterial adherence and invasion. It has been suggested that probiotic bacteria sustain gut barrier function via induction of defensins. The goals of this study were (i) to evaluate the potential immunomodulatory effects of 11 different Lactobacillus fermentum strains isolated from Kimere, an African fermented pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum) dough, on the hBD‐2 secretion by human intestinal CaCo‐2 cell line and (ii) to examine genetic differences between two strains of L. fermentum (K2‐Lb4 and K11‐Lb3) which differed in their effect on the production of hBD‐2 in this study.Methods and results: Totally, 46 strains of L. fermentum from Kimere were isolated and characterized using molecular biology methods including pulsed‐field gel electrophoresis patterns. After performing time‐ and dose‐experiments, CaCo‐2 cells were incubated with or without bacteria for 12 h. L. fermentum PZ1162 was included as the positive control. Cell‐free supernatants were analyzed for hBD‐2 protein by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). To identify potential bacterial genes associated with hBD‐2 regulation, suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH) was used. Among the 11 strains tested, only two strains of bacteria, K11‐Lb3 and K2‐Lb6, significantly induced the production of hBD‐2 by CaCo‐2 cells. This effect was strain‐specific, dose‐dependent and particularly seems to be bacterial genomic‐dependent as manifested by SSH. L. fermentum strains with and without hBD‐2 inducing effect differed in genes encoding proteins involved in glycosylation of cell‐wall proteins e.g. glycosyltransferase, UDP‐N‐acetylglucosamine 2‐epimerase, rod shape‐determining protein MreC, lipoprotein precursors, sugar ABC transporters, and glutamine ABC transporter ATP‐binding protein.Conclusion: This study implies that certain strains of L. fermentum isolated from Kimere may stimulate the intestinal innate defense through the induction of hBD‐2. The molecular basis of hBD‐2 induction by L. fermentum strain K11‐Lb3 may be based on glycosylated cell‐surface structures synthesized with the aid of glycosyltransferase, UDP‐N‐acetylglucosamine 2‐epimerase, and rod shape‐determining protein MreC.
Resveratrol derivatives as promising chemopreventive agents with improved potency and selectivity
Authors: Kondratyuk Tamara P. , Park Eun‐Jung , Marler Laura E. , Ahn Soyoun , Yuan Yang , Choi Yongsoo , Yu Rui , van Breemen Richard B. , Sun Bin , Hoshino Juma , Cushman Mark , Jermihov Katherine C. , Mesecar Andrew D. , Grubbs Clinton J. , Pezzuto John M. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractScope: Despite scores of investigations, the actual impact of resveratrol (3,5,4′‐trihydroxy‐trans‐stilbene) on human health, as a dietary component or supplement, remains moot. This is due to many factors, such as relatively low potency, pleiotropic mechanisms, and rapid metabolism. Nonetheless, as a promiscuous molecule that interacts with numerous targets, resveratrol can be viewed as a scaffold for designing structural relatives potentially capable of mediating more intense responses with greater mechanistic stringency.Methods and results: We currently report the synthesis and biological evaluation of 92 stilbene analogs. The compounds were tested with in vitro assays for activation of quinone reductase 1, inhibition of quinone reductase 2, nitric oxide production, aromatase, NFκB, 12‐O‐tetradecanoylphorbol‐13‐acetate (TPA)‐induced ornithine decarboxylase, or cyclooxygenase‐1 and ‐2, quenching of 2,2‐diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl free radical, interaction with estrogen receptors, and as antiproliferative agents. Several compounds were found to mediate responses with much greater potency than resveratrol; some mediated pleiotropic responses, as is the case with the parent molecule, but others were highly specific or totally inactive. When administered to rats, higher serum concentrations and greater stability was demonstrated with prototype lead molecules.Conclusion: Owing to structural simplicity, facile syntheses are available for large‐scale production. These data support the promise of more advanced development of novel resveratrol derivatives as drug entities.
Immunological evaluation of the alcohol‐soluble protein fraction from gluten‐free grains in relation to celiac disease
Authors: Bergamo Paolo , Maurano Francesco , Mazzarella Giuseppe , Iaquinto Gaetano , Vocca Immacolata , Rivelli Anna Rita , De Falco Enrica , Gianfrani Carmen , Rossi Mauro 
Published: June 2011

AbstractCeliac disease (CD) is a gluten‐sensitive enteropathy with an immune basis. We established the immune reactivity of the alcohol‐soluble fraction from two minor cereals (tef and millet) and two pseudocereals (amaranth and quinoa) which are believed to be nontoxic based on taxonomy. Grains were examined in intestinal T‐cell lines (iTCLs), cultures of duodenal explants from HLA‐DQ2+ CD patients and HLA‐DQ8 transgenic mice for signs of activation. Our data indicated that tef, millet, amaranth, and quinoa did not show any immune cross‐reactivity toward wheat gliadin, and therefore confirming their safety in the diet of CD patients.
Metabolites and tissue distribution of resveratrol in the pig
Authors: Azorín‐Ortuño María , Yáñez‐Gascón María J. , Vallejo Fernando , Pallarés Francisco J. , Larrosa Mar , Lucas Ricardo , Morales Juan C. , Tomás‐Barberán Francisco A. , García‐Conesa María T. , Espín Juan C. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractScope: trans‐Resveratrol (RES) and/(or) its metabolites exert many effects in vivo. Our aim was to study the metabolism and tissue distribution of RES using the pig, a mammal physiologically close to humans.Methods and results: Forty‐seven tissues, organs and fluids were analyzed 6 h after intragastric RES administration (5.9 mg/kg body weight) using HPLC‐MS/MS. Twelve RES and seven dihydroresveratrol (DH‐RES) metabolites were detected. DH‐RES was the main metabolite in cecum, colon and rectum, whereas RES‐3‐O‐glucuronide was the most abundant one in fluids and organs. Approximately 74.5% of the total RES administered was recovered in the form of RES, DH‐RES and derived metabolites (65.1% along the gastrointestinal tract, 7.7% in urine, 1.2% in bile and 0.5% in organs). We report here, for the first time, the occurrence of RES ribosyl‐sulfate derivative, DH‐RES diglucuronide, DH‐RES sulfoglucuronide and DH‐RES disulfate as well as the metabolic profile of RES and DH‐RES in the aorta, lymph, lymph node, ovaries, uterus, cerebellum, pancreas, urinary bladder tissue, fat and muscle.Conclusion: This study contributes to the clarification of the metabolism and tissue distribution of RES and could help to further understand the mechanisms underlying its effects.
Resveratrol and prostate cancer: Promising role for microRNAs
Authors: Dhar Swati , Hicks Chindo , Levenson Anait S. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractScope:Resveratrol (Res) has anticancer activity in prostate cancer (PCa), which can be attributed to modulation of microRNAs (miRNAs/miRs). miRNAs/miRs are small non‐coding RNAs that negatively regulate gene expression. We have analyzed differential miRNA expression in PCa cells treated with Res.Methods and results:Using miRNA microarrays we found that 23 miRNAs were significantly down‐regulated and 28 miRNAs were significantly up‐regulated after Res treatment. The down‐regulated miRs included miR‐17‐92 and miR‐106ab clusters with well recognized oncogenic properties while the up‐regulated miRs included several tumor suppressors. Selected miRs were verified by qRT‐PCR, including miR‐17, miR‐20a, miR‐20b, miR‐106a and miR106b. Since these miRNAs target PTEN (phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10), we performed Western blot to confirm up‐regulation of PTEN in PCa cells. In addition, using TargetScan database, we have identified putative mRNA targets for Res‐induced down‐ and up‐regulated miRs. Using a bioinformatics approach, we generated gene networks specifically altered by Res‐regulated miRNAs.Conclusion:Our results indicate that the dietary compound Res may play an important role in prostate carcinogenesis through modulation of miRNA expression: Res down‐regulated oncogenic miRs and up‐regulated tumor suppressor miRs in PCa cells. Further in‐depth studies are necessary in order to fully recognize the beneficial miRNA‐mediated effects of Res in PCa.
Acrolein induced DNA damage, mutagenicity and effect on DNA repair
Authors: Tang Moon‐shong , Wang Hsiang‐tsui , Hu Yu , Chen Wei‐Sheng , Akao Makoto , Feng Zhaohui , Hu Wenwei 
Published: June 2011

AbstractAcrolein (Acr) is a ubiquitous environmental contaminant; it also can be generated endogenously by lipid peroxidation. Acr contains a carbonyl group and an olefinic double bond; it can react with many cellular molecules including amino acids, proteins and nucleic acids. In this review article we focus on updating information regarding: (i) Acr‐induced DNA damage and methods of detection, (ii) repair of Acr–DNA damage, (iii) mutagenicity of Acr–DNA adducts, (iv) sequence specificity and methylation effect on Acr–DNA adduct formation and (v) the role of Acr in human cancer. We have found that Acr can inhibit DNA repair and induces mutagenic Acr–dG adducts and that the binding spectrum of Acr in the p53 gene in normal human bronchial epithelial cells is similar to the p53 mutational spectrum in lung cancer. Since Acr–DNA adduct has been identified in human lung tissue and Acr causes bladder cancer in human and rat models, we conclude that Acr is a major lung and bladder carcinogen, and its carcinogenicity arises via induction of DNA damage and inhibition of DNA repair.
Assessment of cell infiltration in myocardial infarction: A dose‐dependent study using micrometer‐sized iron oxide particles
Authors: Yang Yidong , Liu Jimei , Yang Yuhui , Cho Sang Hyun , Hu Tom C.‐C. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractMyocardial infarction (MI) is a leading cause of death and disabilities. Inflammatory cells play a vital role in the process of postinfarction remodeling and repair. Inflammatory cell infiltration into the infarct site can be monitored using T‐weighted MRI following an intravenous administration of iron oxide particles. In this study, various doses of micrometer‐sized iron oxide particles (1.1–14.5 μg Fe/g body weight) were injected into the mouse blood stream before a surgical induction of MI. Cardiac MRIs were performed at 3, 7, 14, and 21 days postinfarction to monitor the signal attenuation at the infarct site. A dose‐dependent phenomenon of signal attenuation was observed at the infarct site, with a higher dose leading to a darker signal. The study suggests an optimal temporal window for monitoring iron oxide particles‐labeled inflammatory cell infiltration to the infarct site using MRI. The dose‐dependent signal attenuation also indicates an optimal iron oxide dose of approximately 9.1–14.5 μg Fe/g body weight. A lower dose cannot differentiate the signal attenuation, whereas a higher dose would cause significant artifacts. This iron oxide‐enhanced MRI technique can potentially be used to monitor cell migration and infiltration at the pathological site or to confirm any cellular response following some specific treatment strategies. Magn Reson Med, 2011. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.