bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Immunogenicity of trivalent influenza vaccine in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia during maintenance therapy
Authors: Shahgholi Elham , Ehsani Mohammad Ali , Salamati Payman , Maysamie Alipasha , Sotoudeh Kambiz , Mokhtariazad Talat 
Published: March 2010

AbstractPurposeThe aim of this study was to assess the immune response of children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) to influenza vaccine and to compare it with healthy controls.ProcedureThirty‐two children aged 1–18 years with ALL on maintenance therapy and 30 healthy sibling controls were enrolled in the study. All children were vaccinated with trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine. Hemagglutinin‐inhibition (HI) antibody titers were determined in sera of both patient and control groups just before and 4 weeks after vaccination. The ability of each group to mount a protective (≥40) and/or fourfold titer was measured.ResultsThe protective response for virus subunits among patients and healthy controls were 43.4% versus 88% for H1N1 (P = 0.04), 63.3% versus 80% for H3N2 antigens (P = 0.06), and 26% versus 73% for B antigen (P = 0.001). Responses for H1N1 and B subunits were significantly lower in patients than controls. In the patient group, the significant response to each virus was demonstrated in the analysis of pre‐ and post‐vaccination geometric mean titer (GMT) (P = 0.001). The percentage of patients and controls with fourfold increase in HI titers were 56.2% versus 80% for H1N1 (P = 0.04), 40.6% versus 53.3% for H3N2 (P = 0.31), and 59.4% versus 83.3% for B (P = 0.038). Immune responses for H1N1 and B subunits were significantly lower in patients than controls.ConclusionsInfluenza vaccine is tolerated well in ALL patients with acceptable but limited immune response compared to healthy controls. These findings support the recommendation for annual influenza vaccination in children with ALL. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2010;54:716–720. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone as a leading cause of hyponatremia in children who underwent chemotherapy or stem cell transplantation
Authors: Lim Yeon‐Jung , Park Eun‐Kyoung , Koh Hyun‐Chul , Lee Young‐Ho 
Published: March 2010

AbstractBackgroundHyponatremia is a common metabolic disorder in cancer patients. However, little information is available for patients receiving chemotherapy or stem cell transplantation (SCT). We analyzed the frequency, characteristics, and various causes of hyponatremia including routine use of hypotonic fluids in children following chemotherapy or SCT.ProcedureWe reviewed the clinical and laboratory data of 63 children who received chemotherapy or SCT at the Department of Pediatrics, Hanyang University Medical Center from July 2005 to July 2008.ResultsAll 63 patients at admission received routine parenteral fluids of 0.25% or 0.45% NaCl and 82 episodes of hyponatremia were observed in 40 (63.5%) patients. Of these 82 episodes, 50 episodes of hyponatremia developed in 29 children following chemotherapy and 32 episodes in 16 children following SCT. Seventy‐six out of 82 episodes (92.7%) of hyponatremia developed in 37 patients receiving hypotonic fluids with NaCl concentrations between 30 and 150 mEq/L. The frequency of SIADH in the SCT setting was more frequent (14/21, 66.6%) than in the chemotherapy setting (18/58, 31.0%) (P = 0.02), even though the leading cause of hyponatremia was SIADH in both settings.ConclusionsSIADH is a leading cause of hyponatremia in children following chemotherapy or SCT, and more frequent in SCT settings than in chemotherapy settings. Furthermore, the routine use of hypotonic fluids which could aggravate the development of hyponatremia for these patients should be avoided and then switched to isotonic fluids. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2010;54:734–737. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Synthesis and characterization of multi‐block copolymers containing poly [(3‐hydroxybutyrate)‐co‐(3‐hydroxyvalerate)] and poly(ethylene glycol)
Authors: Liu Qingsheng , Zhu Meifang , Chen Yanmo 
Published: March 2010

AbstractVarious problems, including high crystallinity, high melting temperature, poor thermal stability, hydrophobicity and brittleness, have impeded many practical applications of poly[(3‐hydroxybutyrate)‐co‐(3‐hydroxyvalerate)] (PHBV) as an environmentally friendly material and biomedical material. In the work reported here, multi‐block copolymers containing PHBV and poly(ethylene glycol) (PHBV‐b‐PEG) were synthesized with telechelic hydroxylated PHBV as a hard and hydrophobic segment, PEG as a soft and hydrophilic segment and 1,6‐hexamethylene diisocyanate as a coupling reagent to solve the problems mentioned above. PHBV and PEG blocks in PHBV‐b‐PEG formed separate crystalline phases with lower crystallinity levels and lower melting temperatures than those of phases formed in the precursors. The crystallite dimensions of the two blocks in PHBV‐b‐PEG were smaller than those of the corresponding precursors. Compared to values for the original PHBV, the maximum decomposition temperature of the PHBV block in PHBV‐b‐PEG was 16.0 °C higher and the water contact angle was 9° lower. In addition, the elongation at break was 2.8% for a pure PHBV fiber but 20.9% for a PHBV/PHBV‐b‐PEG fiber with a PHBV‐b‐PEG content of 30%. PHBV‐b‐PEGs can overcome some of the disadvantages of pure PHBV; it is possible that PHBV might be a good candidate for the formulation of environmentally friendly materials and biomedical materials. Copyright © 2010 Society of Chemical Industry
Polymerization of 1,3‐dienes containing functional groups: 8. Free‐radical polymerization of 2‐triethoxysilyl‐ 1,3‐butadiene
Authors: Takenaka Katsuhiko , Kawamoto Satomi , Miya Masamitsu , Takeshita Hiroki , Shiomi Tomoo 
Published: March 2010

AbstractThe presence of a bulky substituent at the 2‐position of 1,3‐butadiene derivatives is known to affect the polymerization behavior and microstructure of the resulting polymers. Free‐radical polymerization of 2‐triethoxysilyl‐1,3‐butadiene (1) was carried out under various conditions, and its polymerization behavior was compared with that of 2‐triethoxymethyl‐ and other silyl‐substituted butadienes. A sticky polymer of high 1,4‐structure ($E:Z \approx 8:2$) was obtained in moderate yield by 2,2′‐azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN)‐initiated polymerization. A smaller amount of Diels–Alder dimer was formed compared with the case of other silyl‐substituted butadienes. The rate of polymerization (Rp) was found to be Rp = k[AIBN]0.5[1]1.2, and the overall activation energy for polymerization was determined to be 117 kJ mol−1. The monomer reactivity ratios in copolymerization with styrene were r1 = 2.65 and rst = 0.26. The glass transition temperature of the polymer of 1 was found to be −78 °C. Free‐radical polymerization of 1 proceeded smoothly to give the corresponding 1,4‐polydiene. The 1,4‐E content of the polymer was less compared with that of poly(2‐triethoxymethyl‐1,3‐butadiene) and poly(2‐triisopropoxysilyl‐1,3‐butadiene) prepared under similar conditions. Copyright © 2010 Society of Chemical Industry
Synthesis and characterization of organo‐soluble polyimides derived from a new spirobifluorene diamine
Authors: Jiang Guo‐Min , Jiang Xue , Zhu You‐Fu , Huang Dan , Jing Xiao‐Hui , Gao Wei‐Dong 
Published: March 2010

AbstractPolyimides exhibit outstanding thermal and thermo‐oxidative stability, excellent solvent resistance, good mechanical and electrical properties and superior chemical resistance. However, their practical applications are frequently limited by their infusible and insoluble nature. Structural modifications of the polymer backbone have been utilized to modify polyimide properties, either by reducing the interaction or by reducing the stiffness of the polymer backbone. Novel organo‐soluble polyimides containing spirobifluorene units were synthesized by the polycondensation of 2,7‐bis‐amino‐2′,7′‐di‐t‐butyl‐9,9′‐spirobifluorene with three aromatic dianhydrides. The one‐step polymerization procedure was conducted at 200 °C in m‐cresol, and the structures of the resulting polyimides were confirmed using infrared and NMR spectroscopy. The weight‐average molecular weights and polydispersities of the resulting polymers were in the ranges 20 600–341 000 and 1.02–1.30, respectively. The glass transition temperatures of the polyimides were in the range 289–322 °C, and the 10% weight loss in nitrogen appeared at a temperature higher than 435 °C and the residual weight at 800 °C was above 58%. The spiro segment has been introduced into polyimides, resulting in amorphous polyimides, conferring on them an enhanced solubility and leading to a significant increase in both glass transition temperature and thermal stability. These types of materials have potential for many applications. Copyright © 2010 Society of Chemical Industry
Melt rheology of biodegradable poly[(butylene succinate)‐co‐adipate]: Experimental and model predictions
Authors: Eslami Hassan , Grmela Miroslav , Dubois Charles , Lafleur Pierre 
Published: March 2010

AbstractSteady and transient nonlinear melt‐state viscoelastic properties of poly[(butylene succinate)‐co‐adipate] (PBSA), a biodegradable polyester, are investigated. Experimental data are compared with predictions of a rheological model developed by Ait‐Kadi et al. (J Rheol, 1999, 43, 51–72). The results show that the model predicts very well the steady state shear viscosity and the normal stress difference. A good agreement is observed also for start‐up and relaxation shear viscosity. A less satisfactory agreement between model predictions and experimental data is found for the transient normal stress difference. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 48: 832–839, 2010
A new spectral memory of filled rubbers
Authors: Wang Xiaorong , Robertson Christopher G. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractWe recently discovered that shearing particle‐reinforced rubbers in oscillation at a frequency fa at a small strain γa (e.g., ∼1% strain) for time ta can often produce a spectrum hole or drop in the strain‐dependent dissipation spectra of the materials. The location of the hole (or localized perturbation in the loss modulus or loss tangent) depends on the aging strain amplitude γa. The depth of this hole is influenced by both the oscillatory aging frequency fa and the aging duration ta, and follows a simple power relationship of the product of fa and ta. The exponent for the power relationship is a function of filler concentration. These attributes of the spectral hole in filled rubbers are not sensitive to the frequency used to postanalyze the hole. This new memory effect occurs at very small strains and involves material stiffening during the strain aging, and both of those features are quite different from the Mullins effect in filled elastomers. We interpret this newly discovered memory character of filled rubbers from a much broader concept of structure pinning in a condensed frustrated system and consider that the agglomeration of filler particles in rubber matrix shares common physics with granular materials and glass‐forming materials. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 48: 859–869, 2010
Preparation, structure, and property of polyoxymethylene/carbon nanotubes thermal conducive composites
Authors: Zhao Xiaowen , Ye Lin 
Published: March 2010

AbstractPolyoxymethylene (POM)/multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) nanocomposites were prepared through a simple solution‐evaporation method assisted by ultrasonic irradiation. To enhance the dispersion of MWNTs in POM, MWNTs were chemically functionalized with PEG‐substituted amine (MWNT‐g‐PEG), which exhibited strong affinity with POM due to their similar molecular structure. The thermal conductivity and the mechanical properties of the composites were investigated, which showed that the thermal conductive properties of POM were improved remarkably in the presence of MWNTs, whereas reduced by using MWNT‐g‐PEG due to the heat transport barrier of the grafted‐PEG‐substituted amine chain. A nonlinear increase of the thermal conductivity was observed with increasing MWNTs content, and the Maxwell‐Eucken model and the Agari model were used for theoretical evaluation. The relatively high effective length factor of the composite predicted with mixture equation indicated that there were few entangles of MWNTs for the samples of MWNT‐g‐PEG in the composites. The mechanical strength of the composites can be improved remarkably by using suitable content of such functionalized MWNTs, and with the increase of the aliphatic chain length of PEG‐substituted amine, the toughness of the composites can be enhanced. Transmission electron microscope result indicated that MWNT‐g‐PEG exhibited strong affinity with POM and a good dispersion of MWNTs was achieved in POM matrix. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 48: 905–912, 2010
Objective burden, resources, and other stressors among informal cancer caregivers: a hidden quality issue?
Authors: van Ryn Michelle , Sanders Sara , Kahn Katherine , van Houtven Courtney , Griffin Joan M. , Martin Michelle , Atienza Audie A. , Phelan Sean , Finstad Deborah , Rowland Julia 
Published: March 2010

AbstractA great deal of clinical cancer care is delivered in the home by informal caregivers (e.g. family, friends), who are often untrained. Caregivers' context varies widely, with many providing care despite low levels of resources and high levels of additional demands.Background: Changes in health care have shifted much cancer care to the home, with limited data to inform this transition. We studied the characteristics, care tasks, and needs of informal caregivers of cancer patients.Methods: Caregivers of seven geographically and institutionally defined cohorts of newly diagnosed colorectal and lung cancer patients completed self‐administered questionnaires (n = 677). We combined this information with patient survey and chart abstraction data and focused on caregivers who reported providing, unpaid, at least 50% of the patient's informal cancer care.Results: Over half of caregivers (55%) cared for a patient with metastatic disease, severe comorbidity, or undergoing current treatment. Besides assisting with activities of daily living, caregivers provided cancer‐specific care such as watching for treatment side effects (68%), helping manage pain, nausea or fatigue (47%), administering medicine (34%), deciding whether to call a doctor (30%), deciding whether medicine was needed (29%), and changing bandages (19%). However, half of caregivers reported not getting training perceived as necessary. In addition, 49% of caregivers worked for pay, 21% reported poor or fair health, and 21% provided unpaid care for other individuals. One in four reported low confidence in the quality of the care they provided.Conclusions: Much assistance for cancer patients is delivered in the home by informal caregivers, often without desired training, with a significant minority having limited resources and high additional demands. Future research should explore the potentially high yield of addressing caregiver needs in improving quality of cancer care and both survivors' and caregivers' outcomes. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Dose rate effects on the performance of MWCVD diamond films as TL gamma radiation dosimeter
Authors: Cruz‐Zaragoza E. , Gastélum S. , Meléndrez R. , Chernov V. , Barboza‐Flores M. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractDose rate effects on the thermoluminescence (TL) properties of undoped and 750 ppm nitrogen doped microwave chemical vapor deposition (MWCVD) diamond films were analyzed. The diamond samples were exposed to 2.4–20.67 Gy/min dose rates from a 60Co source. The TL glow curve of undoped sample showed no apparent dose rate effects. The doped diamond film exhibited dose rate effects consisting in a 10–30% integrated TL increase as the dose rate increased. The TL response as a function of dose rates showed a nonlinear behavior for the doped sample contrary to the undoped diamond film. The dose rate effects were evaluated through the determination of the kinetics parameters by fitting of the TL glow curves. The results indicate that chemical vapor deposition (CVD) diamond may present some dose rate effects on the TL properties in a given dose range, implying that some care should be exercised in order to use CVD diamond films in radiation dose assessments.
Electrical resistance variation of carbon‐nanotube networks due to surface modification of glass substrate
Authors: Jang Eui Yun , Seo Dong Kyun , Jung Seoho , Kim Taewoo , Kang Tae June , Kim Yong Hyup 
Published: March 2010

AbstractThis study presents the effect of the wettability between a glass substrate and carbon‐nanotube (CNT) colloidal solution on the density of CNT networks in a dip‐coating process. The surface roughness and the density of functional groups of the glass substrate were modified by using an oxygen‐plasma treatment, and then we observed the density of CNT networks with respect to different surface conditions due to the surface modification. It is confirmed that the surface chemical property and the surface morphology of the glass substrate determines the density of CNT networks formed by the dip‐coating method. The change of surface free energy induced by hydroxylation and hydration enhances the wettability between a glass substrate and CNT colloidal solution. Moreover, the effective area on which silanol groups can be formed is dependent on the roughness of the surface of the substrate. Eventually, the change of the surface free energy due to the hydroxylation, hydration, and surface roughness effect on the density of the coated CNTs, which determines the sheet resistance of CNT networks.
Plasmonic effects and optical properties of InN composites with In nanoparticles
Authors: Shubina T. V. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractNanocomposites comprising metallic nanoparticles (MNPs) inside a semiconductor matrix are promising materials for plasmonics suggesting a new concept of light manipulation and generation. Optical properties of the nanocomposites are controlled by localized plasmons (Mie resonances) in the MNPs. The basic properties of the nanocomposites have been studied using InN/In with In clusters formed both spontaneously and by the periodic deposition of In insertions. In the specially designed nanocomposites, the spots of intense cathodoluminescence are strongly correlated with the agglomerations of the In MNPs due to plasmon‐induced enhancement. Furthermore, a strong difference is discovered between the onsets of thermally detected absorption and photocurrent. This feature is a key to distinguish InN/In from pure InN. To simulate the plasmonic effects in the nanocomposites a model has been proposed, which considers the clusters as spheroids of random shapes and orientations. The calculated dependences are in reasonable agreement with obtained optical data.
Investigation of InN layers grown by molecular beam epitaxy on GaN templates
Authors: Vilalta‐Clemente A. , Mutta G. R. , Chauvat M. P. , Morales M. , Doualan J. L. , Ruterana P. , Grandal J. , Sánchez‐García M. A. , Calle F. , Valcheva E. , Kirilov K. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractAn investigation of InN layers grown on GaN templates by molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) has been carried out by X‐ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy (RS) and photoluminescence (PL). A good correlation is noticed between their crystalline quality and optical properties. The best samples exhibit a PL emission between 0.6 and 0.7 eV. The surface structure was quite different from one sample to the other, pointing out to a critical role of the growth conditions, which probably need to be tightly optimized for a good reproducibility.
Scanning X‐ray excited optical luminescence microscopy of multi‐crystalline silicon
Authors: Vyvenko O. , Arguirov T. , Seifert W. , Zizak I. , Trushin M. , Kittler M. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractIn X‐ray beam induced current (XBIC) in combination with X‐ray fluorescence (XRF) and X‐ray absorption (XAS) microscopy techniques is now widely used as a powerful tool for the investigation of transition metal (TM) behavior in Si. The aim of this work was to replace XBIC with a new recombination‐sensitive, but contactless technique, that is, scanning X‐ray beam excited optical luminescence microscopy (µ‐SXEOL). We report for the first time the successful realization of µ‐SXEOL to register the spatial distribution of band–band luminescence in silicon in a reasonable time of 1 s/pixel with X‐ray flux of 1011/s. Results of simultaneous µ‐SXEOL/XBIC/µ‐XRF measurements on multi‐crystalline silicon are presented. A correlation between XBIC and µ‐SXEOL maps of the same sample as well as significant differences are found. The magnitude of µ‐SXEOL signal is shown to anti‐correlate with the averaged amount of copper detected by µ‐XRF.
Theoretical investigations of defects in a Si‐based digital ferromagnetic heterostructure – a spintronic material
Authors: Fong C. Y. , Shauhgnessy M. , Snow R. , Yang L. H. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractWe investigate the effects of two different forms of defects on the half‐metallic properties of the Mn/Si digital ferromagnetic heterostructure (DFH) (PRL 96, 027211 (2006)) using first principles algorithm based on density functional theory. The half metallicity is retained when the δ‐layer of the Mn atoms has 25% imperfection and even a vacancy. The cruci al properties of the DFH are robust against 25% defects (© 2010 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Performance of amorphous and microcrystalline silicon pin solar cells under variable light intensity
Authors: Nath M. , Chakraborty S. , Kim K. H. , Johnson E. V. , Roca i Cabarrocas P. , Chatterjee P. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractWe have studied the solar cell behaviour under variable light intensity (VLI) of a standard a‐Si:H pin solar cell with a wide band gap a‐SiC:H emitter layer, and microcrystalline (μc)‐Si:H solar cells of different degrees of crystallinity, using experiments in conjunction with detailed electrical‐optical modelling. Both experiments and modelling reveal that whereas the fill factor (FF) of the a‐Si:H pin cell decreases with increasing light intensity, starting from a low applied light bias, that of the μc‐Si:H cells increases with light intensity over a major part of this range. This fact enables one to attain the maximum of the open‐circuit voltage ‐ fill factor product (Voc x FF) at 1 to 2 suns intensity for the latter case; however this is not achieved for the a‐Si:H cell. Using modelling we try to understand this difference in behaviour of the FF under VLI for the two types of cells. We also predict under what conditions it would be possible to shift the (Voc x FF)max for the a‐Si:H cell towards one sun intensity. (© 2010 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
The influence of Si precursor on poly‐Si crystallized by YAG laser
Authors: Yao Ying , Li Juan , Wang Shuo , Meng Zhiguo , Wu Chunya , Xiong Shaozhen 
Published: March 2010

AbstractThe influence of the Si‐based crystallization precursor on the quality of the resulted poly‐Si crystallized by 2ω YAG laser was investigated in this paper. Based on the simulation analysis, we suggested that the H content in crystallization precursor maybe one of main effect factors. It has been found that the lower H content in Si‐based precursor, the better crystallinity of the resulted poly‐Si is. By using the low H content Si‐based film as the precursor, the poly Silicon with the grain size of about 500 nm crystallized by 2ω YAG was obtained at the relatively optimal crystallization conditions. Meanwhile, a dehydrogenation process before laser crystallization also could be omitted. It would be beneficial to lower cost of crystallization of a‐Si (© 2010 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)