bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rural–urban differences in the intergenerational transmission of cognitive capabilities in China: evidence from a Northwestern province of China
Authors: Wang Lei , Emmers Dorien , Sylvia Sean , Bai Yu , Rozelle Scott 
Published: June 2024

PurposeLiterature has shown that the intergenerational transmission of cognitive abilities is stronger for children raised in more advantaged environments. However, there has never been an empirical investigation of this pattern in China. This study examines differences in the intergenerational transmission of cognitive capabilities among mothers and young children in urban and rural subpopulations in China and investigates whether these differences are driven by differences in parental investment in the home environment.Design/methodology/approachData collected from randomly selected 6- to 36-month-old babies and their mothers in a Northwestern province in China was used. Child capabilities were assessed by the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development (3rd edition). Maternal intelligence quotient (IQ) scores were assessed with the Raven’s Progressive Matrices test. The non-parametric regression methods were used to construct the factor scores of child capabilities. The ordinary least squares (OLS) models were employed to investigate the relations between child cognition, maternal IQ and parental investment.FindingsIn urban households, where most children are raised in a positive home environment, child cognitive scores are strongly correlated with maternal IQ. In rural households, where parental investments are lower and more variable, child cognitive scores are not significantly correlated with maternal IQ but are predicted by differences in parental investments in a cognitively stimulating home environment.Originality/valueThis study provides a unique contribution by utilizing rural–urban disparities in China as a unique natural experiment to investigate differences in the transmission of cognitive capabilities across socioeconomic status (SES). It also provides the first empirical evidence of SES differences in the intergenerational transmission of cognitive capabilities in a developing country. This study reveals that intergenerational mother–child cognition associations are disrupted by poor parental investment in rural households but not in urban households.
To invest or not to invest in digital initiatives? An exploratory examination of procedures, evaluation criteria and barriers
Authors: Kraus Patrick , Kappl Julian , Schlegel Dennis 
Published: June 2024

PurposeDue to the disruptive nature of digital transformation, firms can hardly ignore the further digitalisation of processes and business models. Implementing such initiatives triggers enormous investments in infrastructure and software, making the evaluation of digital investments crucial for a firm’s competitive situation.Design/methodology/approachGiven the dynamics and uncertainties inherent in digital transformation, a qualitative, inductive research approach based on semi-structured interviews with high-level finance executives has been employed.FindingsOur findings indicate widespread dissatisfaction with traditional investment appraisal methods for evaluating digital investments. Data also suggest that non-financial considerations are frequently taken into account, albeit implicitly, as participants struggled to clearly conceptualize these criteria.Originality/valueThe literature indicates important research gaps regarding the applicability and usage of traditional, predominantly financial, investment appraisal methods in digital contexts. This research enhances our understanding of digital investment evaluation, by (i) developing an exploratory conceptual framework of potential qualitative evaluation criteria and (ii) providing an in-depth and detailed understanding of the barriers to implementing investment appraisal methods.
Lights! Camera! Action! Unveiling film tourists' profile
Authors: Aguilar-Rivero Minerva , Solano-Sánchez Miguel Ángel , López-Guzmán Tomás , Moral-Cuadra Salvador 
Published: June 2024

PurposeThis research aims to analyse the degree of influence that viewing frequency and preferences for movies and television (TV)/platforms series and aspects related to movie destinations have on the socio-demographic profile of the tourist interested in film tourism.Design/methodology/approachAn artificial neural network (ANN) is used, in which the input values correspond to the questions asked through the questionnaire and the estimated output values are the socio-demographic profile.FindingsLow frequency of attendance at movie theatres, especially amongst the youngest. Profiles with a higher level of education value the cultural elements in the destination more. A high-income profile is revealed that considers the visit to the film destination as a secondary reason for their trip since they value the proximity to the main holiday destination and show that this visit does not bring them greater satisfaction than other activities. Experiential tourism is another aspect valued by the profiles with the highest income, which can be easily related to film tourism.Originality/valueCustomised input values estimate specific output values, building “identikits” of tourists based on the responses incorporated into the model and easily customisable by the researcher, making them useful in film tourism products and service elaboration. Although this method has been used successfully on other tourist profile types, no studies of this type applied to film tourism were found, and this work aims to pioneer this line.
In pursuit of decision comprehensiveness: navigating goal heterogeneity
Authors: Ergene Erim , Floyd Steven W. 
Published: June 2024

PurposeDecision comprehensiveness is an important process in determining the outcomes of strategic decision-making. While recent research began to explore its individual level antecedents, a fundamental aspect of organizational life, heterogeneous goals, have not been investigated for their effects on comprehensiveness. In this study, our purpose is to study the impact of goal heterogeneity on decision comprehensiveness and explore behavioral integration as a potential mediator in this relationship.Design/methodology/approachTo test our hypotheses, we utilize a survey-based study with a sample of teams undertaking a business simulation. Our longitudinal data collection process captures team data across the initial-, mid-, and the ending-stages of the simulation.FindingsOur findings show that goal heterogeneity negatively impacts behavioral integration and decision comprehensiveness. Moreover, the negative impact of goal heterogeneity on decision comprehensiveness is mediated through behavioral integration.Originality/valueGiven that many strategic decisions are undertaken by groups of individuals, it is imperative to understand the factors that impact team-level decision-making processes. Extending the literature, we empirically show the negative effects of goal heterogeneity on decision comprehensiveness. While doing so, we also show that behavioral integration – a team trait that can endure over time, as opposed to a one-time state – can be crucial in dampening this negative effect. Our findings suggest researchers, and managers, to be cautious in assuming decision comprehensiveness may easily be achieved in any given team context.
Manager‐specific manipulation of tone and stock price synchronicity
Authors: Jiang Miao , Zhu Bo , Li Luxi 
Published: June 2024

AbstractUsing a sample of Chinese listed firms from 2008 to 2020, we find that manager‐specific upward manipulation of tone in the Management Discussion and Analysis (MD&A) section is associated with greater stock price synchronicity. This suggests that upward tone manipulation decreases the stock's idiosyncratic information content. This relationship between abnormally positive tone and stock price synchronicity is negatively moderated by the firm's revenue growth rate, while investor irrational sentiment positively moderates this relationship. Additionally, positive tone manipulation significantly increases audit aggressiveness and decreases analyst optimism bias.
“My belly tickles! And my vulva too!”: Children's conversations about pleasure in Catalonia (Spain)
Authors: Malgosa Estel 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIn Spain, children's sexuality is a sensitive topic, and pleasure is its most controversial aspect, contradicting the notion of children's innocence. Through a new feminist materialist approach, I analyse the narratives of primary school children (aged 9–11) about pleasant bodily sensations to explore their capacity for pleasure and the assemblage of elements that facilitate it. Additionally, I describe the forces that stabilise these assemblages and those that destabilise them. The findings suggest that leaving pleasure out of relationships and sex education reproduces gender and age inequalities, making visible the need to recognise children as subjects of sexuality and pleasure.
Embodied Connection Work: The Role of the Lived Body in Routine Recreation in Extreme Contexts
Authors: Sele Kathrin , Danner‐Schröder Anja , Mahringer Christian A. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractExtreme events pose major challenges for the performance of routines as they threaten the continuation of work in all its forms. This paper uses an embodiment perspective to examine a routine recreation process in a fine‐dining zero‐waste restaurant whose routines were completely disrupted by the COVID‐19 pandemic. Zooming in on the role of the lived body, our study reveals the importance of ‘embodied connection work’ for the recreation of a new set of routines. We show how this active process of making connections between actors and actions consists of ‘embodied imagining’ and ‘embodied protecting’. Together, these interrelated practices enable the reintegration of stakeholders and the reassembling of what matters to the restaurant owners. Our study contributes to research at the intersection of routines and extreme contexts in three ways: (1) we move away from considering the body as a trained object and focus instead on the lived body and its role in performing and patterning and, hence, in recreating routines; (2) we unpack how novel roles emerge through embodied connection work as new and existing connections are forged; and (3) we conceptualize the relationship between routines and context as mutually constitutive suggesting that actions are situated through the lived body.
Quantification of localised strains induced within a granular medium by a biphasic flow via digital image correlation
Authors: Al Nemer Rana , Réthoré Julien , Sciarra Giulio 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBiphasic flow propagating through a granular medium can be established as an unstable infiltration and can be precursors of nonnegligible deformations. Capturing such infiltration through the lens of a high‐resolution camera, full‐field strain maps are determined via digital image correlation (DIC). However, this image analysis technique is based on the fundamental assumption of grey level conservation between the reference and deformed images. In this paper, DIC algorithm is recalled, and suitable controlling parameters are introduced to improve the accuracy of the output displacement fields and to remove the grey level variations induced by an air‐water flow percolating through a Fontainebleau sand. In addition, an in‐depth investigation on the full‐field volumetric strain maps is conducted in order to extract the hidden relationship between the front propagation and the strains evolution.
Equivalent Properties of Interfacial Void Defects at the CFRTP-Adhesive Interface and Their Detrimental Effects on the Bonding Performance of Metal-CFRTP Dissimilar Joints
Authors: Qiao Yao , Shin Yongsoon , Ko Seunghyun , Samanta Avik , Seffens Robert J. , Ramos Jose L. , Merkel Daniel R. , Shahwan Khaled W. , Simmons Kevin L. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This paper revealed the detrimental effects of micro-scale air interfacial voids on the debonding at the interface of carbon-fiber-reinforced polyphthalamide (CFRPPA) and thermoset adhesive, representing a weak adherend-adhesive interface, within a dissimilar joint made of an aluminum alloy and a CFRPPA. The reduced lap shear strength of the joint, due to different void area fractions at the CFRPPA-adhesive interface, can be computationally described by using equivalent interfacial properties in the modeling to avoid the explicit modeling of the micro-scale interfacial voids. Such equivalent interfacial properties (e.g., interfacial normal strength, etc.) was found to have a non-linear relationship with respect to interfacial void area fraction as well as lap shear strength. This work has practical applications by utilizing equivalent interfacial properties for the analytical and/or computational design(s) of adhesively-bonded joints.
Flexural Strength and Shear Properties of Sandwich Composites Made of 3D-Printed Cores
Authors: Raihan Gazi Abu , Chakravarty Uttam K. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Sandwich composites have gained significant attention in recent years due to their exceptional strength-to-weight ratio, bending stiffness-to-weight ratio, higher energy dissipation in impact, and versatility in applications. Due to the fatigue degradation and shear failure in conventional cores, developing novel sandwich structures made of alternative cores carries significant scientific importance in many engineering areas. This study explores the utilization of 3D Printed Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS) thermoplastic cores in sandwich structures to improve flexural and shear strength. The research aims to develop new sandwich composites having lightweight yet robust material properties using additive manufacturing (AM) and vacuum-assisted resin infusion process. To evaluate the flexural and shear strengths, ASTM standard sample specimens are prepared where 3-point bending tests are employed to assess the flexural strength and analyze the shear strength. The results are compared with balsa and PET foam cores having the same fiber. The findings exhibit improved flexural and shear strength in 3D Printed ABS cores compared to foam-cored composites. ABS cores also exhibit excellent load bearing while the composite skins provide the necessary stiffness in reinforcement.
Exploring Failure of Adhesively-Bonded Joints With Different Void Sizes at the Same Void Volume Fraction Through a Micro-Scale Numerical Modeling
Authors: Qiao Yao , Ko Seunghyun , Shin Yongsoon , Simmons Kevin L. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This paper studied the effects of void sizes on the failure behavior of adhesively-bonded materials under global shear via micro-scale computational modeling. The numerical results indicate that large void sizes with increased distances between them at the same void volume fraction can alleviate the reduced joint strength of a weaker adherend-adhesive interface caused by interfacial voids. However, this is not the case for an adherend-adhesive interface with the interfacial tensile strength being sufficiently higher than the adhesive strength, showing the negligible effect on the joint strength due to various void sizes and the amount of interfacial voids. This preliminary investigation provides insightful information for scaling up the void size in the macro-scale computational modeling of joints, and enhances the understanding of the micro-mechanical adhesion in adherend-adhesive interfaces with different levels of bonding.
Design and Evaluation of Deployable Perovskite Solar Arrays Aboard Small Spacecraft
Authors: Suk So Yeon , Moritani Motoki , Sakamoto Hiraku , Horiuchi Tamotsu , Takabe Ryota , Hisada Yuko , Tokuda Rie , Mori Osamu , Toyota Hiroyuki , Miyazawa Yu , Matsushita Masanori , Nagai Kazuki , Ochi Atsuki , Mitchao Delburg , Takeda Yuki , Yasuhara Mitsuhiko , Saito Soma , Tomura Takashi 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
A self-deployable membrane structure with integrated perovskite solar arrays was developed for installation aboard OrigamiSat-2, a 3U CubeSat (10 cm × 10 cm × 34 cm) selected by the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency’s Innovative Satellite Technology Demonstration-4 program. The textile membrane (50 cm × 50 cm), inspired by the origami flasher model, is stowed within a volume of 1U (10 cm × 10 cm × 8 cm) and deployed in orbit using composite booms. Two solar arrays, each consisting of two flexible perovskite solar cells (35.4 mm × 75 mm × 315 μm), are attached to the surface of the membrane. This paper will describe the following development activities in detail: (i) Structural prototypes of the membrane solar arrays were fabricated with dummy solar cells and cables. To ensure high packing efficiency and reliable deployment, the prototypes were subjected to a series of stowage and deployment tests. Design modifications were made based on the test results; (ii) The performance of the perovskite solar cells was evaluated by measuring their current-voltage characteristics under a solar simulator; (iii) Potential degradation in solar cell performance due to extreme space temperatures was assessed through thermal modeling and simulation. The design challenges and solutions, as well as compromises that were necessary to meet satellite requirements, may provide insights for future development of deployable power systems on small satellites.
Layer-Wise Modeling of Temperature Distributions and Degree of Cure to Evaluate Process-Induced Deformation and Residual Stress
Authors: Zappino Enrico , Petrolo Marco , Santori Martina 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
In this work, a cure simulation based on a one-dimensional thermochemical model is used to predict the evolution of temperature and degree of cure along the thickness of the composite component during the curing cycle. The one-dimensional heat transfer governing equation through the thickness is coupled with the curing kinetics of the thermoset composite material. Temperatures and degree of cure are then used for a thermo-mechanical analysis using layer-wise 1D elements based on the Carrera Unified Formulation (CUF).
Using 1D models allows for computational costs and enables fast numerical analyses. The impact that thickness has on process-induced stresses and strains is evaluated. In particular, displacements for two flat plates with different layer thicknesses at the end of the process are calculated, and in-plane stress distributions are considered.
The results show the influence of a non-uniform degree of cure along the thickness, resulting in a consequent variation of material properties depending on the layer considered.
Variational Asymptotic Analysis of Beam-Like Cord-Rubber Composites
Authors: Jiang Fang , Yu Wenbin 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Amount of engineering applications need steel cord to be embedded in a rubber matrix, which results in beam-like composite materials. Such materials feature a degree of lateral compliance and torsional flexibility while possessing high tensile stiffness. However, the currently available numerical approaches to analyze the effective material properties of such cord-rubber composites are computationally expensive. This paper proposes a novel approach based on an extended Variational Asymptotic Beam Sectional Analysis (VABS) theory which considers finite cross-sectional deformations. In the theory, the three-dimensional (3D) continuum is reduced to a one-dimensional (1D) beam analysis and a two-dimensional (2D) cross-sectional analysis featuring both geometric and material nonlinearities without unnecessary kinematic assumptions. As a result, the modeling and design of cord-rubber composites are dimensionally reduced to a composite beam cross-sectional domain. The present theory is implemented using the finite element method (FEM) in the VABS code, a general-purpose beam cross-sectional analysis tool. An iterative method is applied to solve the finite warping field for the classical-type model using the Euler-Bernoulli beam theory. Hencky strain energy density and Neo-Hookean models describe cord wire and rubber matrix, respectively. Numerical examples demonstrate the capabilities of the present theory to capture the structural features of cord-rubber composites.
Thermal Characterization of Xenon Flash Lamp System for Automated Fiber Placement
Authors: Tavkari Devang , Davidson Paul 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Carbon fiber Thermoplastic pre-preg tape laydown and consolidation used with Automated Fiber Placement (AFP) required high temperatures to melt the matrix. There are a few methods that can reach the desired temperature. Hot-gas torch, laser heating, and arc-flash lamp-based heating systems are the most popular among them. Among the three, arc-flash lamp-based heating provides the most versatility regarding heating range and controllability. The lamp pulses light of high radiation intensity to heat the tow and substrate material during laydown rapidly. The irradiance output by the lamp is controlled by three process parameters, namely, (1) pulse width, (2) pulsing frequency, and (3) voltage. Further control can be achieved by changing the distance between the flash lamp and the tows. Therefore, the irradiance output from the lamp can be widely varied by changing the process and geometric parameters. This study aims to characterize the irradiance output from a xenon arc-flash heating system and its control parameters. The Xenon flash lamp’s irradiance response was used to map the irradiance profile on the tow and substrate within an Automated Fiber Placement machine. The impact of the AFP control parameters like roller compaction, tow layup speed, and positioning of xenon flash lamp on the irradiance profile of the tow and substrate were also examined in this study.
Zero Stiffness in Bellow-Type Soft Pneumatic Actuators for Modal Analysis of Flexible Aircraft Wings
Authors: Sprengholz Moritz , Meyer Patrick , Traub Hendrik , Hühne Christian 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Modern aircraft designs with high aspect ratio wings pose challenges in accurately determining vibrational modes due to the increased flexibility of their wings. To accurately represent the large deformations occurring during flight in experimental modal analysis, actuators of low stiffness are needed, leading to the exploration of quasi-zero-stiffness vibration isolators. Such vibration isolators, combining positive and negative stiffness elements, lack the adaptability needed for varying wing load conditions. This study explores bellow-type soft pneumatic actuators, fabricated using 3D printing for iterative design and parameter studies, as a potential solution.
Initial experiments and simulations focused on the actuator stiffness for different geometric parameters and pressures. While simulations suggested that the occurrence of zero stiffness was primarily influenced by geometric parameters like the radius-to-height ratio, experimental results did not align with these findings, revealing discrepancies due to unmodeled boundary conditions. This misalignment highlighted the challenges in achieving the desired zero-stiffness characteristic in practical applications.
In conclusion, This study reveals that current bellow-type actuators fall short of the near-zero stiffness required for accurate modal analysis in flexible aircraft structures. Despite promising simulation results, experimental discrepancies highlight the need for improved designs and testing methods. Future research, potentially exploring rolling lobe actuators and refining 3D printing techniques, remains crucial in the ongoing quest for an ideal actuator in this domain.