bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Micro/nano fillers for value‐added polymer composites: A comprehensive review
Authors: Chandran Arulmozhivarman Joseph , Rangappa Sanjay Mavinkere , Suyambulingam Indran , Siengchin Suchart 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe need for new sustainable engineering materials using polymer composites is evolving every day. Researchers are in a race to develop value‐added products from natural renewable sources and discarded waste materials. Studies indicate several hurdles while trying to provide ecologically friendly materials for product manufacturing over the years. Natural materials are more readily available, biodegradable, more affordable, have less processing health hazards, and are more environmentally friendly than synthetic materials. As the price of commercial polymers decreased, the incorporation of fillers became increasingly necessary for technical reasons.. The market for polymers can actually be expanded by appropriately combining fillers and polymers to produce a wide range of qualities in these two components. This review provides an overview on a variety of organic and inorganic fillers which were incorporated into the polymer composites and their influence on the physical, chemical, mechanical, thermal, and electrical properties of polymer composites by various characterization methods and their In fact, it is possible to achieve a wide range of qualities in these two components by appropriately combining polymers and fillers, which expands the market for which polymers may be employed.application scopes. This review aims to thoroughly examine and assess various polymer and filler combinations, with a particular emphasis on their potential suitability for a range of engineering and industrial applications. These encompass microelectronics, biomedical fields, flexible electronics, flame retardant uses, food packaging, automotive and aerospace sectors, as well as applications within the construction industry for structural and semi‐structural purposes.Highlights
New polymer composite engineering materials with long‐term sustainability
Value‐added product development from renewable resources and discarded waste materials.
Provide information to select appropriate reinforcements for composite manufacturing.
Diverse discussion on the application of fillers and their composites.
Verification of forecasted precipitation from Tropical Storm Hermine in the Canary Islands
Authors: Quintero‐Plaza David , González‐Alemán Juan Jesús , Alejo‐Herrera Cristo José , Suárez‐Molina David , González‐Alejandre César , Peñate‐De La Rosa Irene Soledad 
Published: April 2024

AbstractTropical Storm Hermine hit the Canary Islands on 24–26 September 2022 as an extremely anomalous tropical cyclone. Hermine formed from an Easterly Wave that travelled from Sudan to the Atlantic. Hermine headed north and interacted with an extratropical trough over the Canary Islands, following the conceptual model of a Predecessor Rain Event, with precipitation characterised mostly by continuous accumulation rather than by convective intensity. In this article, modelled 24h precipitation is verified with spatial methods against satellite and station observations. The performance of the ECMWF high‐resolution model was similar or perhaps even better than a local, higher resolution model.
James Mill and the History of the History of British India
Authors: Singh Kundan , Maheshwari Krishna 
Published: April 2024

AbstractApart from the economic drain of wealth that occurs under imperialism, it is the colonizer’s discourse on the colonized that is most insidious. Once set in motion, it has impacted the colonized past and continues to influence and undermine the postcolonial present. One such discourse is James Mill’s History of British India, which has lingering effects on the representation of Ancient India, Hindus, and Hinduism even after two hundred years of its production. This introductory chapter gives a crisp outline of colonialism and postcolonialism and, within that context, discusses the biography of James Mill that led to the writing of the History of British India.
Imagining the Hindus and Hinduism
Authors: Singh Kundan , Maheshwari Krishna 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe mythical representation of the colonized by the colonizer cannot happen without engaging in fabrications and falsehoods. While accounting for the contentions made by the Francophone postcolonial thinkers on the issue of projection, this chapter builds a new postcolonial theory called the Indian Postcolonial Theory that is applied to show that the contentions of James Mill on Ancient India, Hindus, and Hinduism were a complete fabrication. They were rooted in the socio-political conditions James Mill wanted to transform in his domestic context. When Mill wrote about the Hindu Brahmins and Kshatriyas, he essentially was speaking about the English clergy and aristocrats. He described the Hindu form of governance, laws, and taxation structure in light of the Utilitarian reform of the British socio-political conditions he vehemently sought and clamored for. Mill emptied all the filth that he thought existed in British society onto the Hindu society to create its representation. By putting Mill’s writings in the History next to his writings for the British domestic context, we show as clearly as daylight the nature and degree of Mill’s projections and fabrications on Ancient India, Hinduism, and the Hindu people.
Einführung
Authors: Holztrattner Melanie 
Published: April 2024

ZusammenfassungEtwa seit der Jahrtausendwende steht das frühpädagogische Feld zunehmend im Fokus bildungspolitischer, gesellschaftlicher, programmatischer und wissenschaftlicher Debatten. Im Kontext ökonomischer und wohlfahrtsstaatlicher Überlegungen werden zunehmend Fragen nach der frühen Bildung bearbeitet, die sich im Rahmen des Diskurses um Qualität, Professionalisierung und Akademisierung nachzeichnen lassen.
Empirische Ergebnisse auf Ebene der Einzelfälle
Authors: Holztrattner Melanie 
Published: April 2024

ZusammenfassungIm folgenden Kapitel werden die Ergebnisse der dokumentarischen Analyse auf Einzelfallebene vorgestellt (vgl. methodisch-methodologische Überlegungen in Kap. 3). Die Abschnitte 4.1 bis 4.4 umfassen die detaillierte Darstellung der vier ausgewählten Fälle Atelier, Ritter, Rutsche und Mittagskreis. Jene stehen für unterschiedliche und zugleich „typische“ institutionelle Arrangements in frühpädagogischen Einrichtungen (vgl. Ausführungen zur Fallauswahl in Abschnitt 3.3.2) und wurden jeweils zur Gänze analysiert.
Typenbildung
Authors: Holztrattner Melanie 
Published: April 2024

ZusammenfassungDie in den vorrangegangenen Abschnitten 4.1 bis 4.4 analysierten sowie im Abschnitt 4.5 zusammenfassend dargestellten Fälle bilden – maximal kontrastierend – die Vielschichtigkeit des Alltags in frühpädagogischen Einrichtungen ab: Sie repräsentieren Praktiken in vielfältigen Akteur:innenkonstellationen und realisieren sich vor dem Hintergrund unterschiedlicher raum-zeitlicher Kontexte und institutioneller Arrangements. Allen vier Fällen ist ein (invisibles) Skript inhärent, das von den Akteur:innen aufgerufen und auf vielfältige Weise bearbeitet wird.
Diskussion
Authors: Holztrattner Melanie 
Published: April 2024

ZusammenfassungIn den theoretischen Ausführungen in Kapitel 2 des vorliegenden Werks wurde deutlich, dass frühe Kindheit keineswegs als ein deskriptives Konstrukt zu verstehen ist. Sie beruht vielmehr auf normativen, historisch-kulturell gewordenen und gesellschaftlich vermittelten Ordnungsprozessen, (Erziehungs-)Vorstellungen sowie (Kindheits-)Bildern und mündet in einem Muster langen, behüteten Aufwachsens, das Realitätsmächtigkeit zu entfalten vermag (vgl. Abschnitt 2.6.1). Die Bedeutung jenes Musters kann nicht nur für die Sphäre des Privaten – resp. für die Familie – hervorgehoben werden, jene zeigt sich in erheblichem Ausmaß auch für Sphären der Öffentlichkeit – resp. für frühpädagogische Institutionen.
Thalamo-mesencephalic Branches of the Posterior Cerebral Artery: a 3D Rotational Angiography Study
Authors: Rauch Maximilian , Berkefeld Joachim , Klonowski Madleen , Hattingen Elke , Weidauer Stefan 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Purpose
The thalamo-mesencephalic (TM) branches of the posterior cerebral artery (PCA) supply critical structures. Previous descriptions of these vessels are inconsistent and almost exclusively rely on cadaver studies. We aimed to provide a neuroradiological description of TM vessels in vivo based on routine 3D rotational angiographies (3D-RA).

Methods
We analyzed 3D-RAs of 58 patients with pathologies remote from the PCA. PCA-origins were considered. Delineation, origin and number of branches of the collicular artery (CA), the accessory CA (ACA), the posterior thalamoperforating artery (PTA), the thalamogeniculate artery (TGA), and the posterior medial (PMCA) and lateral (PCLA) choroid arteries were assessed. The PTAs were categorized based on Percheron’s suggested classification.

Results
A CA was identified in 84%, an ACA in 20%. The PTA was delineated in 100%. In 27%, PTA anatomy had features of several Percheron types (n = 7) or vessels emanating from a net like origin (n = 9). 26% had a type IIb PTA. A fetal type PCA origin with hypoplastic ipsilateral P1 was observed in 5 cases with type IIa (n = 2) or type IIb (n = 3) PTAs originating from contralateral P1. The TGA was identified in 85% of patients, with ≥ 2 branches in 67%. The PMCA was delineable in 41%, the PLCA in 100%.

Conclusion
The prevalence of a proper “Artery of Percheron” type IIb PTA seems to be higher than previously reported. A fetal type P1-origin may be predictive of a type IIa/b PTA emanating from contralateral P1. 3D-RA may be useful for planning PCA interventions, as impairment of TM branches is a severe risk.
Sociodemographic risk factors for the persistence of harmful alcohol use: a pooled analysis of prospective cohort studies
Authors: Ehrnrooth Anna , Gluschkoff Kia , Jokela Markus , Komulainen Kaisla 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Purpose
Previous research suggests several sociodemographic risk factors for the persistence of harmful alcohol use. However, the evidence is limited due to short follow-up times, retrospective reporting and samples comprising only people with alcohol dependence. We pooled data from six prospective cohort studies to systematically evaluate whether the sociodemographic risk factors differ between the incidence and persistence of harmful alcohol use.

Methods
Data were from six prospective cohort studies from the US, UK and Japan (n = 28,394). We conducted a two-stage meta-analysis to examine the associations of six sociodemographic risk factors (sex, age, presence of a partner, educational attainment, smoking and psychological distress) with the incidence and persistence of harmful alcohol use. Tests of heterogeneity were used to evaluate whether the associations differ between the incident and persistent use.

Results
Male sex, younger age, higher education, smoking, and psychological distress were associated with a greater risk of both the incidence and the persistence of harmful alcohol use in mutually adjusted models (ORs = 0.97–1.67). There were no differences in the associations of these risk factors with incident and persistent use, except that the association of psychological distress was greater with incident use compared to persistent use (p for heterogeneity < 0.05).

Conclusions
These findings suggest that the incidence and persistence of harmful alcohol use share a similar set of sociodemographic risk factors in the general population.
On the dynamic asymptotic dimension of étale groupoids
Authors: Bönicke Christian 
Published: April 2024

AbstractWe investigate the dynamic asymptotic dimension for étale groupoids introduced by Guentner, Willett and Yu. In particular, we establish several permanence properties, including estimates for products and unions of groupoids. We also establish invariance of the dynamic asymptotic dimension under Morita equivalence. In the second part of the article, we consider a canonical coarse structure on an étale groupoid, and compare the asymptotic dimension of the resulting coarse space with the dynamic asymptotic dimension of the underlying groupoid.
Prognostic importance of prognostic nutritional index and modified Glasgow prognostic score in advanced lung cancer with targetable mutation
Authors: Bilgin Burak , Kuralay Yunus , Yucel Sebnem 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
Inflammation and nutrition are important parameters that significantly affect survival in various malignancies. Prognostic nutritional index (PNI) and modified Glasgow prognostic score (mGPS) can reflect both inflammatory and nutritional conditions. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the prognostic value of PNI and mGPS in patients who had the targetable mutation and also received targeted therapy.

Materials and Methods
Advanced lung cancer patients with EGFR mutation (mut) and ALK rearrangement were enrolled to study, retrospectively. PNI has with the following formula: 10 × serum albumin (g/dl) + 0.005 × peripheral lymphocyte count (per mm3) and threshold value was accepted as 50. Modified GPS was also calculated using albumin and CRP level and patients were scored as range 0 to 2.

Results
A total of 182 patients enrolled in the study. 132 and 50 of 182 patients had EGFR mut and ALK rearrangement, respectively. PFS was significantly longer in high PNI group in both the EGFR and ALK rearrangement-positive subgroups (P = 0.004 for EGFR mut-positive group; P = 0.017 for ALK rearrangement-positive group). Additionally, PFS was significantly shortened from mGPS 0 to 2 (P =  < 0.001 for EGFR mut-positive group; P = 0.016 for ALK rearrangement-positive group).

Conclusion
Both PNI and mGPS can be used as a reliable, inexpensive, and easily applicable prognostic index in the advanced lung cancer patients who had the targetable mutation and also received targeted therapy.
Parents’ perceptions of their child’s school adjustment during the COVID-19 pandemic: a person-oriented approach
Authors: Pöysä Sanni , Kiuru Noona , Muotka Joona , Sorkkila Matilda , Palmu Minna , Perander Katarina , Lerkkanen Marja-Kristiina , Pakarinen Eija 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe present study examined the profiles of parental perceptions of their child’s school adjustment in terms of learning loss and school well-being during the COVID-19 pandemic in Finland. Furthermore, the extent to which the profiles differed with respect to the different children and their family characteristics, as well as their parents’ stress about their child’s schooling, were examined. Parents (N = 26,313) completed a questionnaire in spring 2021 concerning parental stress and their children’s schooling. The five-profile solution was identified using latent profile analysis: (1) slightly-higher-than-average-school-adjustment (n = 8198, 31.2%); (2) high-school-adjustment (n = 3017, 11.5%); (3) slightly-lower-than-average-school-adjustment (n = 5025, 19.1%); (4) low-school-adjustment (n = 6777, 25.7%); and (5) mixed-school-adjustment (n = 3296, 12.5%). The low-school-adjustment profile was overrepresented among parents of boys, older children, and children with special education needs as well as among parents with lower education levels, higher numbers of children, and in single-parent households. In addition, the results showed that parental stress about their child’s schooling was associated with their perceptions of their child’s school adjustment during the COVID-19 pandemic. Overall, the results demonstrate that parents’ views of their children’s school adjustment varied widely during the COVID-19 pandemic. At schools, particular attention should be given to at-risk families (e.g., families with low education levels and children with special education needs) in which children may be prone to learning loss and low well-being due to the COVID-19 pandemic.
AKR1B10 accelerates glycolysis through binding HK2 to promote the malignant progression of oral squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Cai Ye , Li Huiling , Xie Diya , Zhu Yanan 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) remains a rampant oral cavity neoplasm with high degree of aggressiveness. Aldo–keto reductase 1B10 (AKR1B10) that is an oxidoreductase dependent on nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) has been introduced to possess prognostic potential in OSCC. The present work was focused on specifying the involvement of AKR1B10 in the process of OSCC and its latent functional mechanism.

Methods
AKR1B10 expression in OSCC tissues and cells were detected by RT-qPCR and Western blot analysis. CCK-8 method, EdU staining, wound healing and transwell assays respectively assayed cell viability, proliferation, migration and invasion. Immunofluorescence staining and Western blot evaluated epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT). Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) contents, glucose consumption and extracellular acidification rate (ECAR) were measured by relevant commercially available kits and Seahorse XF96 Glycolysis Analyzer, severally. The expressions of proteins associated with metastasis and glycolysis were examined with Western blot. Co-IP assay confirmed the binding between AKR1B10 and hexokinase 2 (HK2).

Results
It was observed that AKR1B10 expression was increased in OSCC tissues and cells. After AKR1B10 was knocked down, the proliferation, migration, invasion and EMT of OSCC cells were all hampered. Additionally, AKR1B10 silencing suppressed glycolysis and bound to HK2 in OSCC cells. Up-regulation of HK2 partially abolished the hampered glycolysis, proliferation, migration, invasion and EMT of AKR1B10-silenced OSCC cells.

Conclusion
To sum up, AKR1B10 could bind to HK2 to accelerate glycolysis, thereby facilitating the proliferation, migration, invasion and EMT of OSCC cells.
Urteilsverzerrungen beim Diagnostizieren von Fehlkonzepten bei Dezimalbrüchen
Authors: Rieu Andreas , Leuders Timo , Loibl Katharina 
Published: April 2024

Zusammenfassung
Fehlkonzepte von Lernenden zeigen sich als wiederkehrendes Muster bei der Lösung vergleichbarer Aufgaben. Dabei kann ein systematisch auftretender Fehler nicht immer direkt und eindeutig auf ein Fehlkonzept zurückgeführt werden. Diese akkurate Diagnose ist allerdings notwendig, wenn eine Lehrkraft adaptiven Unterricht durchführen möchte. Für eine akkurate Diagnose müssen diagnostisch relevante Informationen z. B. aus (fehlerhaften) Aufgabenlösungen verarbeitet werden. Bei der Informationsverarbeitung können kognitive Verzerrungen (sog. biases) auftreten; konkret kann die Mehrdeutigkeit der Situation unberücksichtigt bleiben und die nachfolgende Informationsverarbeitung (die Auswahl weiterer Aufgaben und die Interpretation ihres Diagnosepotenzials) nur im Sinne eines angenommen Fehlkonzeptes durchgeführt werden. Die vorliegende Studie untersucht diese Urteilsverzerrung bei diagnostischen Urteilen von angehenden Lehrkräften (N = 79) auf der Ebene der Informationsverarbeitungsprozesse. Zudem wird der Einfluss der Präferenz für Deliberation der urteilenden Person auf diese Informationsverarbeitungsprozesse und deren mögliche Verzerrung untersucht.
Die teilnehmenden Personen bearbeiteten fünf Fallvignetten, in denen sie jeweils mit einer fehlerhaften Lernendenlösung aus dem Bereich Dezimalbruchvergleiche konfrontiert wurden und aufgefordert waren, eine eindeutige Diagnose des vorliegenden Fehlkonzepts zu erstellen. Dazu sollten erste Diagnosehypothesen erstellt und anschließend weitere Aufgaben ausgewählt werden, welche die zu diagnostizierenden Lernenden lösen. Die zur Auswahl stehenden Aufgaben unterschieden sich in ihrer diagnostischen Relevanz. Auf der Grundlage der beschriebenen Modellierung der Urteilsprozesse konnten mit den erhobenen Daten Kategorien der Informationsverarbeitung und der kognitiven Verzerrung (confirmation bias) identifiziert und statistisch unterschieden werden.
Als Prädiktor für eine hohe Urteilsakkuratheit konnte die Verarbeitung relevanter Informationen im Laufe des Diagnoseprozesses, nicht aber die Wahrnehmung der Mehrdeutigkeit der Urteilssituation zu Beginn des Prozesses identifiziert werden. Eine Präferenz für deliberate, also bewusst informationsintegrierende Entscheidungen als Personenmerkmal wirkte sich positiv auf die Anzahl formulierter Mehrfachhypothesen aus, hatte allerdings keinen Einfluss auf die Informationssuche und die Akkuratheit der Enddiagnose.
Die Ergebnisse liefern erste Hinweise auf den Einfluss der Urteilsverzerrung bei Urteilen von angehenden Lehrkräften und geben Impulse für die weitere Forschung zum diagnostischen Denken. Daher werden abschließend mögliche Interventionen zur Reduktion von Urteilsverzerrungen bei angehenden Lehrkräften diskutiert.
Race, Ethnicity, and Other Barriers to Access Dental Care During Pregnancy
Authors: Lee Hyewon , Deshpande Richa , Benn Emma K. T. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
Historically, women of color showed poorer oral health and lower dental service utilization in the USA. These barriers to dental care during pregnancy included dental coverage, primary language, dental provider availability, safety concerns, affordability of dental care, and perceived oral health benefits during pregnancy.

Methods
The purpose of this study is to examine whether race/ethnicity modified the associations between barriers to accessing dental care and dental service utilization during pregnancy. This cross-sectional study sample included 62,189 women aged 20 and older with a recent birth history in 21 states from the Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System (PRAMS) data from 2016 to 2019. We introduced a race/ethnicity by barrier interaction term to our multiple logistic regression models.

Results
After adjusting for other confounders, dental insurance during pregnancy and perceived oral health benefits were associated with 4.0- and 5.6-fold higher odds, respectively, of dental service utilization during pregnancy. Statistically significant effect modification by race/ethnicity was observed in crude and adjusted analyses of the relationship between dental service utilization for all barriers included in the interaction analyses with all adjusted p-values < 0.001.

Conclusion
The interaction analysis found that racial/ethnic disparity in visiting dentists during pregnancy was significant among women who reported these dental barriers. In contrast, such racial/ethnic disparity was substantially attenuated among women who did not report such barriers.

Practical Implications
The observed racial/ethnic disparities could be mitigated by such supporting mechanisms: dental coverage, provider availability and willingness to treat pregnant women, oral health education on the safety of dental care during pregnancy, and affordable dental care costs.
Measuring strength of altruistic motives
Authors: Chan Nathan W. , Knowles Stephen , Peeters Ronald , Wolk Leonard 
Published: April 2024

AbstractWe introduce a novel way to elicit individuals’ strength of altruistic motivation in the context of charitable donations, ranging from pure warm glow to pure altruism. Using the giving-type elicitation task of Gangadharan et al. (2018) and assuming that individuals maximise a Cobb–Douglas impure altruism utility function, as is used in Ottoni-Wilhelm et al. (2017), we can uniquely identify the strength of altruistic motivation for impure altruists, which is typically found to be the largest category of donors. We compare the introduced measure to an alternative survey-based elicitation from Carpenter (2021).