bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hepatic mRNA, microRNA, and miR‐34a‐Target responses in mice after 28 days exposure to doses of benzo(a)pyrene that elicit DNA damage and mutation
Authors: Malik Amal I. , Williams Andrew , Lemieux Christine L. , White Paul A. , Yauk Carole L. 
Published: October 2011

AbstractBenzo(a)pyrene (BaP) is a mutagenic carcinogen that is ubiquitous in our environment. To better understand the toxic effects of BaP and to explore the relationship between toxicity and toxicogenomics profiles, we assessed global mRNA and microRNA (miRNA) expression in Muta™Mouse. Adult male mice were exposed by oral gavage to 25, 50, and 75 mg/kg/day BaP for 28 days. Liver tissue was collected 3 days following the last treatment. Initially, we established that exposure to BaP led to the formation of hepatic DNA adducts and mutations in the lacZ transgene of the Muta™Mouse. We then analyzed hepatic gene expression profiles. Microarray analysis of liver samples revealed 134 differentially expressed transcripts (adjusted P < 0.05; fold changes > 1.5). The mRNAs most affected were involved in xenobiotic metabolism, immune response, and the downstream targets of p53. In this study, we found a significant 2.0 and 3.6‐fold increase following exposure to 50 and 75 mg/kg/day BaP, respectively, relative to controls for miR‐34a. This miRNA is involved in p53 response. No other significant changes in miRNAs were observed. The protein levels of five experimentally confirmed miR‐34a targets were examined, and no major down‐regulation was present. The results suggest that liver miRNAs are largely unresponsive to BaP doses that cause both DNA adducts and mutations. In summary, the validated miRNA and mRNA expression profiles following 28 day BaP exposure reflect a DNA damage response and effects on the cell cycle, consistent with the observed increases in DNA adducts and mutations. Environ. Mol. Mutagen., 2012. © 2011 Crown in the right of Canada
Establishment of a novel human myeloid leukemia cell line, AMU‐AML1, carrying t(12;22)(p13;q11) without chimeric MN1‐TEL and with high expression of MN1
Authors: Gotou Mayuko , Hanamura Ichiro , Nagoshi Hisao , Wakabayashi Motohiro , Sakamoto Natsumi , Tsunekawa Norikazu , Horio Tomohiro , Goto Mineaki , Mizuno Shohei , Takahashi Miyuki , Suganuma Kazuto , Yamamoto Hidesuke , Hiramatsu Akihito , Watarai Masaya , Shikami Masato , Imamura Akira , Mihara Hidetsugu , Taki Tomohiko , Miwa Hiroshi , Taniwaki Masafumi , Nitta Masakazu 
Published: October 2011

AbstractIn this study, we established and analyzed a novel human myeloid leukemia cell line, AMU‐AML1, from a patient with acute myeloid leukemia with multilineage dysplasia before the initiation of chemotherapy. AMU‐AML1 cells were positive for CD13, CD33, CD117, and HLA‐DR by flow cytometry analysis and showed a single chromosomal abnormality, 46, XY, t(12;22)(p13;q11.2), by G‐banding and spectral karyotyping. Fluorescent in situ hybridization analysis indicated that the chromosomal breakpoint in band 12p13 was in the sequence from the 5′ untranslated region to intron 1 of TEL and that the chromosomal breakpoint in band 22q11 was in the 3′ untranslated region of MN1. The chimeric transcript and protein of MN1‐TEL could not be detected by reverse‐transcriptase polymerase chain reaction or Western blot analysis. However, the MN1 gene was amplified to three copies detected by array comparative genomic hybridization analysis, and the expression levels of the MN1 transcript and protein were high in AMU‐AML1 cells when compared with other cell lines with t(12;22)(p13;q11‐12). Our data showed that AMU‐AML1 cells contain t(12;22)(p13;q11.2) without chimeric fusion of MN1 and TEL. The AMU‐AML1 cells gained MN1 copies and had high expression levels of MN1. Thus, the AMU‐AML1 cell line is useful for studying the biological consequences of t(12;22)(p13;q11.2) lacking chimeric MN1‐TEL. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Rapid increases in parasitemia following red cell exchange for malaria
Authors: Watanaboonyongcharoen Phandee , Park Yara A. , Poisson Jessica L. , Brecher Mark E. 
Published: October 2011

AbstractExchange transfusion is frequently used as an adjunctive treatment of severe malaria, although the efficacy of exchange transfusion as therapy for severe malaria remains controversial. The major perceived benefit of exchange transfusion is the rapid reduction of parasite load. However, no previous report has shown the dynamic change in parasitemia shortly following an acute load reduction. We report a 20‐year‐female who developed cerebral malaria and 30% parasitemia after traveling to Africa. In addition to antimalarial treatment, red cell exchange (RCX) was begun emergently with an automated blood‐cell separator. Parasitemia dropped from 30 to 15% immediately after the procedure but rapidly increased to 25% after 50 min. The second procedure was performed 12 h after the first procedure. Her neurologic status returned to baseline on Day 2, and she was discharged on Day 6. Rapid increases in parasitemia can be observed after mechanical load reduction following RCX. J. Clin. Apheresis, 2011. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A finite strain Eulerian formulation for compressible and nearly incompressible hyperelasticity using high‐order B‐spline finite elements
Authors: Duddu Ravindra , Lavier Luc L. , Hughes Thomas J.R. , Calo Victor M. 
Published: October 2011

SUMMARYWe present a numerical formulation aimed at modeling the nonlinear response of elastic materials using large deformation continuum mechanics in three dimensions. This finite element formulation is based on the Eulerian description of motion and the transport of the deformation gradient. When modeling a nearly incompressible solid, the transport of the deformation gradient is decomposed into its isochoric part and the Jacobian determinant as independent fields. A homogeneous isotropic hyperelastic solid is assumed and B‐splines‐based finite elements are used for the spatial discretization. A variational multiscale residual‐based approach is employed to stabilize the transport equations. The performance of the scheme is explored for both compressible and nearly incompressible applications. The numerical results are in good agreement with theory illustrating the viability of the computational scheme. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Using Games to Provide Interactive Perioperative Education
Authors: Carifa Linda , Janiszewski Goodin Heather 
Published: October 2011

AbstractPerioperative nurses must use critical thinking and sound clinical judgment to meet their patients' needs safely and effectively. This requires the integration and continual updating of large amounts of detailed clinical information. Innovative education strategies are designed to make teaching and learning more interesting and interactive, especially for the presentation of complex subject material. One interactive educational strategy is the use of games. Educational games can foster collaboration and critical thinking among peers and associates. An example of this was the Perioperative QuizBowl: Evidence‐Based Practice presented at the annual AORN Congress from 2003 to 2010, which was used to teach and reinforce evidence‐based practice in a fun, competitive way. Although AORN no longer presents this offering, the QuizBowl format demonstrates how educational games can support clinical practice.
The Effectiveness and Cost of Passive Warming in Adult Ambulatory Surgery Patients
Authors: Jardeleza Agnes , Fleig Denise , Davis Nancy , Spreen‐Parker Randy 
Published: October 2011

AbstractHypothermia is a common problem for surgical patients and can result in many complications. Because few studies compare methods of passive warming, we used an unblinded, prospective, experimental, randomized design to compare the effectiveness of two passive methods of normothermia management in the postanesthesia care unit (PACU). We assigned a total of 578 adult ambulatory surgery patients to either a control group that was given two folded, warmed cotton blankets or a treatment group that was given a warmed, unfolded cotton sheet and cotton blanket. We recorded patients' temperatures on their arrival in the PACU and at 30 minutes after arrival. The treatment group had temperatures that were significantly higher than those of the control group 30 minutes after arrival in the PACU, and the treatment group experienced a greater change in temperature from baseline measurements to those taken at 30 minutes. The treatment group also used fewer warmed blankets, resulting in cost savings for the PACU.
Transitioning the Older Adult in the Ambulatory Care Setting
Authors: Nelson Joan M. , Carrington Jane M. 
Published: October 2011

AbstractTransitions between care settings are periods of vulnerability for patients. This is especially true for older adults, for whom comorbidities and functional impairments can increase the complexity of care and the need for multiple caregivers can compromise safety. Poor care transitions can result in costly hospital admissions. For this reason, leading health care organizations have initiated programs to improve the quality of transitions; however, to date, the ambulatory surgical setting has not been a focus of these initiatives. The ambulatory setting serves an increasingly complex patient population and provides the majority of elective surgeries, and adapting some of the transition tools that have been tested in other settings will benefit health care providers and patients in the ambulatory setting. Identifying periods of transition and risk, implementing electronic health records across all phases of patient care, and using evidence‐based tools at each transitional stage can optimize the quality and safety of patient care.
Preventing Perioperative Complications in the Patient With a High Body Mass Index
Authors: Graham Diane , Faggionato Ernestine , Timberlake Anne 
Published: October 2011

AbstractPatients with a high body mass index (BMI) are being seen more frequently in perioperative settings, and staff members must be prepared to prevent complications (eg, difficult intubation, respiratory insufficiency, positioning injuries) that occur in this patient population as a result of comorbidities. After two sentinel events occurred during a six‐month period at a community hospital in northern California, a task force was created to examine issues related to the care of patients who are morbidly obese and to develop and implement policies and procedures to reduce the risk of adverse patient outcomes. Chart audit results confirm that the quality improvement project was successful; 92% of 50 charts showed inclusion of the BMI on the surgery schedule, and 94% showed inclusion of the BMI on the preoperative checklist. No positioning incidents or intubation emergencies have occurred in patients with a high BMI since January 1, 2009.
Clinical Issues—October 2011
Authors: Ogg Mary J. 
Published: October 2011

This MonthCorrect terminology for personnel involved in laser proceduresKey words: clinical laser operator, laser user, laser safety officer, laser safety specialist, laser assistant.Safe use of carbon dioxide lasersKey words: CO2 laser, nominal hazard zone, laser beam transmission, protective barrier.Limiting traffic and personnel during invasive proceduresKey words: teaching facility, student, resident, intern, traffic control, surgical attire, telesurgery.Differences between OSHA and NIOSHKey words: Occupational Safety and Health Administration, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health.
Oral Disease in Relation to Future Risk of Dementia and Cognitive Decline: Prospective Cohort Study Based on the Action in Diabetes and Vascular Disease: Preterax and Diamicron Modified-Release Controlled Evaluation (Advance) Trial
Authors: Batty G.-D. , Li Q. , Huxley R. , Zoungas S. , Taylor B.-A. , Neal B. , de Galan B. , Woodward M. , Harrap S.-B. , Colagiuri S. , Patel A. , Chalmers J. 
Published: October 2011

AbstractObjectiveExamine the association of oral disease with future dementia/cognitive decline in a cohort of people with type 2 diabetes.MethodsA total of 11,140 men and women aged 55–88 years at study induction with type 2 diabetes participated in a baseline medical examination when they reported the number of natural teeth and days of bleeding gums. Dementia and cognitive decline were ascertained periodically during a 5-year follow-up.ResultsRelative to the group with the greatest number of teeth (more than or equal to 22), having no teeth was associated with the highest risk of both dementia (hazard ratio; 95% confidence interval: 1.48; 1.24, 1.78) and cognitive decline (1.39; 1.21, 1.59). Number of days of bleeding gums was unrelated to these outcomes.ConclusionsTooth loss was associated with an increased risk of both dementia and cognitive decline.
Auditory and optic neuropathy in Kjer's disease: case report
Authors: Haaksma-Schaafsma S C , van Dijk P , Dikkers F G 
Published: October 2011

AbstractObjective:Description of a female patient with diagnosed Kjer's disease and sensorineural hearing loss, who specifically complained of a progressive inability to understand speech in noisy situations.Design:Case report.Subject:A 30-year-old, Caucasian woman with Kjer's disease.Results:Audiological assessment showed low-frequency sensorineural hearing loss and a disproportionate deterioration in speech discrimination. This inconsistency gave rise to suspicion of possible aggravation. Follow-up testing showed that brainstem responses were absent, while clear otoacoustic emissions and cochlear microphonics were present. Hearing aids were fitted but no improvement was shown.Conclusion:This case shows a combination of auditory neuropathy and Kjer's optic neuropathy. It also illustrates that the combination of unexplained hearing loss and apparently inconsistent audiometric outcomes may be associated with auditory neuropathy. Such unexpected hearing evaluation outcomes may be due to other neurological conditions, such as Kjer's disease.
Virus-Host Coevolution in a Persistently Coxsackievirus B3-Infected Cardiomyocyte Cell Line
Authors: Pinkert Sandra , Klingel Karin , Lindig Vanessa , Dörner Andrea , Zeichhardt Heinz , Spiller O. Brad , Fechner Henry 
Published: October 2011

ABSTRACT

Coevolution of virus and host is a process that emerges in persistent virus infections. Here we studied the coevolutionary development of coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) and cardiac myocytes representing the major target cells of CVB3 in the heart in a newly established persistently CVB3-infected murine cardiac myocyte cell line, HL-1
CVB3
. CVB3 persistence in HL-1
CVB3
cells represented a typical carrier-state infection with high levels (10
6
to 10
8
PFU/ml) of infectious virus produced from only a small proportion (approximately 10%) of infected cells. CVB3 persistence was characterized by the evolution of a CVB3 variant (CVB3-HL1) that displayed strongly increased cytotoxicity in the naive HL-1 cell line and showed increased replication rates in cultured primary cardiac myocytes of mouse, rat, and naive HL-1 cells
in vitro
, whereas it was unable to establish murine cardiac infection
in vivo
. Resistance of HL-1
CVB3
cells to CVB3-HL1 was associated with reduction of coxsackievirus and adenovirus receptor (CAR) expression. Decreasing host cell CAR expression was partially overcome by the CVB3-HL1 variant through CAR-independent entry into resistant cells. Moreover, CVB3-HL1 conserved the ability to infect cells via CAR. The employment of a soluble CAR variant resulted in the complete cure of HL-1
CVB3
cells with respect to the adapted virus. In conclusion, this is the first report of a CVB3 carrier-state infection in a cardiomyocyte cell line, revealing natural coevolution of CAR downregulation with CAR-independent viral entry in resistant host cells as an important mechanism of induction of CVB3 persistence.
Older people presenting to the emergency department after a fall: a population with substantial recurrent healthcare use
Authors: Close Jacqueline C T , Lord Stephen R , Antonova Evgeniya (Jenya) , Martin Monique , Lensberg Benedikte , Taylor Morag , Hallen Jamie , Kelly Ann 
Published: October 2011

ObjectivesTo document patient characteristics, care pathways, healthcare use and costs of fall-related emergency department (ED) presentations by older adults.Participants and methodsAll fallers aged ≥70 years, presenting to the ED of a 450-bed metropolitan university hospital in Sydney, Australia (1 April 2007 through 31 March 2009) were studied. Data were collected from the ED electronic information system, ED clinical records and the hospital electronic information system database. Population estimates for 2008 for the local areas served by the hospital were used to estimate ED presentation rates.ResultsOf 18 902 all-cause ED presentations, 3220 (17.0%) were due to a fall. Among fallers, 35.4% had one or more ED presentations and 20.3% had had one or more hospital admissions in the preceding 12 months. Fall-related ED presentation led directly to hospital admission in 42.7% of the cases, the majority of which (78.0%) received acute care only (length of stay—14.4 days for men and 13.7 days for women) and the remaining cases underwent further inpatient rehabilitation (length of stay 35.6 days for men and 30.1 days for women). After hospitalisation, 9.5% of patients became first-time residents of long-term care facilities. All fall-related ED presentations and hospitalisations cost a total of A$11 241 387 over the study period.ConclusionsOlder fallers presenting to the ED consume significant healthcare resources and are an easily identifiable high-risk population. They may benefit from systematic fall-risk assessment and tailored fall-prevention interventions.
Current use of early warning scores in UK emergency departments
Authors: Griffiths James R , Kidney Elizabeth M 
Published: October 2011

BackgroundThere is recent evidence that the modified early warning scoring systems (MEWS) in the emergency department (ED) can identify patients at risk of deterioration. However, concerns remain that they are not sensitive enough to use as a risk assessment tool.ObjectiveTo assess use of MEWS in UK EDs.MethodsA postal survey was undertaken of 254 adult EDs within the UK. Questionnaires were sent to the clinical lead at each department about their use of early warning scoring systems.ResultsResponses were received from 145 departments giving a response rate of 57%. 87% of respondents are currently using early warning scores (EWS). Of those, 80% are using MEWS. In 71% high EWS results in senior ED review, however in 25% it does not. Less than half of departments use high MEWS to trigger critical care input. 93% of respondents support using EWS in the ED.ConclusionDespite the lack of strong evidence, the majority of UK EDs are using EWS in some form. MEWS is the most commonly used but departments vary on their use of EWS for senior ED and/or critical care review. Over 90% of respondents in this survey support EWS in the ED.
Palliative care for patients who died in emergency departments: analysis of a multicentre cross-sectional survey
Authors: Van Tricht Myriam , Riochet David , Batard Eric , Martinage Arnaud , Montassier Emmanuel , Potel Gilles , Le Conte Philippe 
Published: October 2011

ObjectivesA growing number of patients die each year in hospital emergency departments (EDs). Decisions to withhold or to withdraw life-support therapies occur in 80% of patients as described in a multicentre cross-sectional survey including 2420 patients. Palliative care has not been explored in patients dying in this setting. The aim of this study was to assess the incidence of palliative care and to describe this population.MethodsThe authors conducted a post-hoc analysis on a cohort of 2420 patients who died in 174 French and Belgian EDs. The authors identified patients who benefited from palliative care and described this population and the palliative care.ResultsPalliative therapies were administered to 1373 patients (56.7%). These therapies included administration of analgesics, sedation, mouth care, repositioning for comfort (as appropriate) and provision of emotional support to the patient and his/her relatives. These palliative measures were provided more frequently in the observation unit of the ED (n=908, 66.2%) than in an examination room (n=465, 33.8%). Median time interval between ED admission and death was longer in patients who received palliative care (n=1373) (median, 15 h; first quartile, 6 h; third quartile, 34 h) than in those who did not (n=1047) (median, 4 h; first quartile, 1 h; third quartile, 10 h) (p<10−4).ConclusionsPalliative care is administered to about half of the patients who die in EDs. This is insufficient as the majority of the patients who died in EDs actually died after a decision to withhold or withdraw life-support therapies. End-of-life management must be improved in EDs.
Patient-Rated Importance and Receipt of Information for Colorectal Cancer Screening
Authors: Flocke Susan A. , Stange Kurt C. , Cooper Gregory S. , Wunderlich Tracy L. , Oja-Tebbe Nancy , Divine George , Lafata Jennifer Elston 
Published: October 2011

Abstract
Background: Physician recommendation is one of the most important determinants of obtaining colorectal cancer (CRC) screening; however, little is known about the degree to which CRC screening discussions include information that patients report as important to guide screening decisions. This study examines and compares both patient rated importance and physician communication of key information elements about CRC screening during annual physical examinations.
Methods: Design: Cross-sectional cohort. Setting: 26 ambulatory clinics of an integrated delivery system in the Midwest. Participants: 64 primary care physicians and 415 patients aged 50 to 80 due for CRC screening. Patients completed a previsit survey to assess importance of specific information when making a preventive screening decision. Visits were audio recorded to assess the content of screening discussions.
Results: Most patients rated test accuracy (85%), testing alternatives (83%), the pros and cons of testing (86%), and the testing process (78%) very important when making preventive screening decisions. Ninety-one percent of visits included a CRC screening discussion; however, CRC screening talk rarely included information that patients rated as important. Physicians infrequently asked whether patients had questions pertaining to CRC screening (5%); however, 49% of patients asked a CRC screening question, with the vast majority pertaining to screening logistics.
Conclusions: Audio recordings confirm that discussions of CRC screening are often lacking information that patients indicate is very important when making preventive health decisions and patient questions during the visit are not eliciting information to fill the gap.
Impact: These findings provide actionable information to improve CRC screening discussions. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 20(10); 2168–73. ©2011 AACR.