bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High Plant Richness in Prairie Reconstructions Support Diverse Leafhopper Communities
Authors: Rowe Helen I. , Holland Jeffrey D. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractA primary reason for restoring plant communities is to increase biodiversity to previous levels. It is expected that restoring land with greater plant diversity will increase biodiversity at higher trophic levels, but high diversity seed mixes are expensive. In this study, we used one insect family, leafhoppers (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) to assess the difference in leafhopper communities that result from establishing high compared with low plant richness restorations. We tested the hypotheses that: (1) the added effort of a high richness restoration leads to measurable increases in both diversity and richness of leafhoppers; and (2) that leafhopper community composition is more similar to remnant prairies in high richness than in low plant richness restorations. We found that higher plant richness led to 3‐ to 7‐fold increases in leafhopper and prairie‐dependent leafhopper diversity and richness in restorations. Leafhopper communities in high richness restorations were not more similar to remnant prairies, rather they were distinct among high and low richness restorations and prairie interior. Leafhopper richness and diversity correlated with plant richness, and leafhopper community composition differed among plant community assemblages, but not with the occurrence of single plant species. For our sites, species‐rich restorations provided better quality habitat for leafhoppers that was comparable to remnant prairie. Our results suggest that restorations with high plant species richness better support animal food webs.
Dynamics of Nutrient Contents (Phosphorus, Nitrogen) in Water, Sediment and Plants After Restoration of Connectivity in Side‐Channels of the River Rhine
Authors: Meyer Albin , Combroux Isabelle , Trémolières Michèle 
Published: July 2012

AbstractDuring the last century, canalization of the Rhine river led to disconnection of side‐arms, over‐sedimentation of these channels, loss of the fluvial dynamics, and aquatic vegetation change or disappearance. Recent restoration projects aim to reconnect disconnected arms to the main channel. The objective of this study was to assess the nutrient dynamics in restored channels during the vegetation colonization process. In spring, summer, and autumn 2009, the phosphorus and nitrogen contents were measured in water, sediment, and plants, sampled in six channels, two reference sites and four restored ones at different dates. Aquatic vegetation was monitored during the same period. Sites were mesotrophic related to the water nutrient concentrations. However, vegetation communities indicated a eutrophic level, as they were dominated by species like Elodea nuttallii, Myriophyllum spicatum, and Potamogeton perfoliatus. Sites were discriminated by P content and mineral nitrogen in the sediment. We showed an effect of species and season on the plant nutrient content, but there was no relationship between plant nutrient content and nutrients in water and sediment. A negative correlation between mean N plant content and the cover of each species was found. Vegetation characteristics (species richness and cover) and bioavailable phosphorus in the sediment were also correlated. In the restored side‐arms of the river Rhine, phosphorus‐rich sediment seems to be important in the recolonization dynamics, as it was linked to higher species richness, whereas nitrogen played a role in the colonization patterns as a growth limiting factor.
First‐In‐Man Experience With a New 7F Vascular Closure Device (EXOSEAL™): The 7F ECLIPSE Study
Authors: WIEMER MARCUS , LANGER CHRISTOPH , FICHTLSCHERER STEPHAN , FIRSCHKE CHRISTIAN , HOFBAUER FLORIAN , LINS MARKUS , HAUDE MICHAEL , DEBÈFVE CHRISTOF , STOLL HANS‐PETER , HANEFELD CHRISTOPH 
Published: July 2012

Objective:
This feasibility study examined safety and effectiveness of the new EXOSEAL™ Vascular Closure Device (VCD) designed to promote hemostasis and early ambulation after percutaneous procedures.
Background:
Most VCDs currently approved by the United States FDA have been associated with significantly shorter time‐to‐hemostasis (TTH) and time‐to‐ambulation (TTA) compared to standard manual or mechanical compression, but their ease of use, patient comfort during deployment, and safety profiles are variable.
Methods:
Patients underwent diagnostic or interventional procedures using 7F introducer sheaths. Primary safety endpoint was the 30‐day combined rate of access‐related complications and primary effectiveness endpoints were TTH and TTA.
Results:
Sixty patients were enrolled prospectively (mean age 63.3  ± 11.3  year, 17% diabetics). Device and procedural success was achieved in 92% and 93%, respectively. Mean TTH and TTA was 3.2  ± 3.0  minutes and 3.0  ± 6.2  hours, respectively. No deaths or serious access‐related adverse events occurred. A ≥6 cm access‐site hematoma was the only adverse event, observed in 3 patients.
Conclusions:
Use of the 7F EXOSEAL™ VCD was associated with short TTH and TTA, as well as low rates of procedural and 30‐day access‐related complications. (J Interven Cardiol 2012;25:518–525)
Normas antidiscriminatorias internacionales y desigualdad laboral: la igualdad, un concepto en expansión
Authors: SHEPPARD Colleen 
Published: July 2012

Resumen.Se analiza aquí la evolución del concepto de discriminación en el derecho laboral internacional en relación con el fenómeno socioeconómico de la desigualdad en el trabajo. La no discriminación, principio jurídico inicialmente restringido que exigía la igualdad de trato para toda persona en situación similar, ha ido ampliándose para incluir primero la discriminación indirecta resultante de normas y prácticas aparentemente neutras, y después la desigualdad laboral impuesta a ciertos grupos por factores estructurales (mercado de trabajo, familia y colectividad). Por último, la legislación antidiscriminatoria converge ahora con iniciativas jurídicas contra la desigualdad socioeconómica y la pobreza de determinados sectores de población.
Diferencias salariales y discapacidad en Europa: ¿discriminación o menor productividad?
Authors: MALO Miguel Ángel , PAGÁN Ricardo 
Published: July 2012

Resumen.Los autores miden la discriminación salarial contra las personas discapacitadas tras controlar diferencias de productividad no observadas previamente relacionadas con la discapacidad. Con datos de once países europeos del Panel de Hogares de la Unión Europea (1995–2001), estiman ecuaciones de salarios para discapacitados con limitaciones en su vida diaria, discapacitados sin limitaciones en su vida diaria y no discapacitados. En general no se encontró diferencia salarial significativa entre los dos últimos grupos, y las pocas observadas correspondían a características de baja productividad. En cambio, los trabajadores discapacitados con dificultades en su vida diaria parecen presentar características de baja productividad y sufrir discriminación salarial.
Intrinsic prey suitability in specialist and generalist Harmonia ladybirds: a test of the trade‐off hypothesis for food specialization
Authors: Noriyuki Suzuki , Osawa Naoya 
Published: July 2012

AbstractThe trade‐off hypothesis posits that increased performance on a given resource comes at the cost of decreased performance on other resources, and that this trade‐off is a driving force of food specialization in both predators and herbivores. In this study, we examined larval survival and performance in two sibling ladybird species, Harmonia yedoensis Takizawa and Harmonia axyridis Pallas (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae), fed on one of four prey species. Harmonia yedoensis is a specialist predator that preys mostly on pine aphids in the field, whereas H. axyridis is a generalist predator with a broad prey range. We experimentally showed in the laboratory that larval survival and performance were not higher when H. yedoensis was fed on pine aphids, compared with the other prey species. Rather, prey suitability was similar in both ladybird species, and H. yedoensis larvae developed as well or even better on prey species that they never utilize in nature. These results suggest that the host range in H. yedoensis may not be limited by the intrinsic suitability of the aphid species per se. Moreover, as shown by our previous study, the pine aphid is a highly elusive prey that is difficult for small ladybird hatchlings to capture, which means that the cost of utilizing this prey is high. Therefore, we conclude that some factor other than prey suitability is responsible for the observed food specialization in H. yedoensis.
Ultrasound weight estimation of large fetuses
Authors: LINDELL GUN , KÄLLÉN KARIN , MARŠÁL KAREL 
Published: July 2012

Abstract Objective. To compare the accuracy of fetal weight estimation in large fetuses using four ultrasound formulae. Design. Prospective comparative study. Setting. University Hospital, Lund, Sweden. Population. Large‐for‐gestational age fetuses (n= 114) at a routine ultrasound examination in the third trimester. Methods. The Persson & Weldner two‐dimensional formula was compared with the Hart et al. two‐dimensional formula incorporating maternal weight and with the Lee et al. and Lindell & Maršál three‐dimensional formulae. The formulae are based on two‐dimensional measurements of fetal head, abdomen and femur, and three‐dimensional volumetry of fetal abdomen and thigh. Main outcome measures. Accuracy in detection of fetuses with birthweight >4000 and >4500 g. Results. For fetuses >4000 g, the Lindell & Maršál three‐dimensional formula showed significantly smaller mean absolute percentage error than the Persson & Weldner two‐dimensional and the Lee et al. three‐dimensional formulae (p= 0.04 and p < 0.001, respectively). No significant difference between the Lindell & Maršál three‐dimensional and the Hart et al. two‐dimensional formulae was found. A receiver operating characteristic curve showed a higher detection rate for fetuses with birthweight >4500 g using a three‐dimensional compared with a two‐dimensional technique. The best performance in detecting fetuses with birthweight >4500 g was given by the Lindell & Maršál three‐dimensional formula; for estimated fetal weight >4300 g, the detection rate was 93% and false‐positive rate 38%. Conclusions. The ability to detect macrosomic fetuses in a preselected high‐risk group was higher using fetal weight estimation with a three‐dimensional compared with a two‐dimensional ultrasound technique, with or without the inclusion of maternal weight.
Patterns of vaginal bleeding during the first 20 weeks of pregnancy and risk of pre‐eclampsia in nulliparous women: results from the SCOPE study
Authors: SMITS LUC J.M. , NORTH ROBYN A. , KENNY LOUISE C. , MYERS JENNY , DEKKER GUSTAAF A. , MCCOWAN LESLEY M.E. 
Published: July 2012

Abstract Objective. To describe patterns of vaginal bleeding in the first 20 weeks of pregnancy and evaluate the association between patterns of bleeding and risk of subsequent pre‐eclampsia in nulliparous women. Design. Cohort study. Setting. Participating centres of the Screening for Pregnancy Endpoints (SCOPE) study in Auckland (New Zealand), Adelaide (Australia), Manchester and London (UK) and Cork (Ireland). Population. Healthy nulliparous women (n= 3431). Methods. Logistic regression was used to assess the association between bleeding characteristics and pre‐eclampsia while controlling for known determinants of pre‐eclampsia. Main outcome measures. Preeclampsia, defined as gestational hypertension with proteinuria or any multi‐system complication of preeclampsia. Four bleeding variables were evaluated: any bleeding during the first 20 weeks; maximal bleeding intensity; duration of bleeding; and number of bleeding episodes. Results. Of the 3431 women enrolled, 780 (23%) experienced vaginal bleeding during the first 20 weeks of pregnancy. Risk of pre‐eclampsia was not associated with the presence or absence of bleeding (adjusted odds ratio (ORa) 0.96, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 0.67–1.38). Analyses confined to women with vaginal bleeding showed that any bleeding episode of five or more consecutive days, compared with shorter episodes, increased risk of pre‐eclampsia approximately twofold (ORa 2.15, 95% CI 1.01–4.57), as did multiple compared with single episodes of bleeding (ORa 2.33, 95% CI 1.16–4.67). Conclusions. Bleeding is a common complication during the first 20 weeks of nulliparous pregnancy, and the presence or absence of vaginal bleeding is not a determinant of subsequent pre‐eclampsia. Among women with vaginal bleeding, consideration of the bleeding pattern, in terms of intensity, duration and frequency, appears to be informative with respect to pre‐eclampsia risk.
Atonal homolog 1 expression in lung cancer correlates with inhibitors of the Wnt pathway as well as the differentiation and primary tumor stage
Authors: Xu Hong‐Tao , Xie Xue‐Mei , Li Qing‐Chang , Liu Shu‐Li , Dai Shun‐Dong , Liu Yang , Wang En‐Hua 
Published: July 2012

Atonal homolog 1 (Atoh1) is crucial to the differentiation of many cell types and participates in tumorigenesis and progression. This study investigated the role of Atoh1 in lung cancer development and its correlation with key members of the Wnt pathway. We used immunohistochemistry to examine the expressions of Atoh1, β‐catenin, Axin, chibby, and Disabled‐2 (Dab2) in 118 samples of lung cancer. We also detected the cytoplasmic and nuclear expression of Atoh1 in lung cancer tissues using western blot. Atoh1 nuclear expression was negatively correlated with differentiation level (p = 0.004) and primary tumor stage (p = 0.044) of lung cancer. Nuclear Atoh1 expression was positively correlated with nuclear expression of chibby (p < 0.001) and Dab2 (p < 0.001). Cytoplasmic Atoh1 expression was positively correlated with the cytoplasmic expression of Axin (p = 0.028), chibby (p < 0.001), and Dab2 (p < 0.001). We conclude that the nuclear expression of Atoh1 was inversely correlated with the differentiation and primary tumor stage of lung cancers. The expression and localization of Atoh1 correlated with Axin, chibby, or Dab2. Atoh1 may be a potential therapeutic target for the inhibition of growth and progression of lung cancers.
Long‐term evaluation ofAstraTech andBrånemark implants in patients treated with full‐arch bridges. Results after 12–15 years
Authors: Ravald Nils , Dahlgren Simon , Teiwik Anders , Gröndahl Kerstin 
Published: July 2012

AbstractAimTo study the long‐term outcome of implant survival rate, soft and hard tissue conditions and prosthetic status in a group of individuals treated with eitherAstraTech TiOblast orBrånemark turned implants supporting a full‐arch bridge.Material and methodsEdentulous patients treated with eitherAstraTech TiOblast surface orBrånemark turned implants were recalled for examination after 12–15 years. Out of initially 66 patients 46 were available for examination. Intra‐oral radiographs were taken for bone level assessments. Clinical prosthetic conditions, number of surviving implants, implant stability, plaque scores, probing pocket depths, bleeding and pus after probing were recorded. Analyses of bone level changes during the total observation period were performed.ResultsThree patients in theAstraTech group lost totally eight implants and five patients in theBrånemark group lost 10 implants during the total observation period. No statistically significant difference in implant loss or bone level change was found. Sixteen per cent ofAstraTech and 29% ofBrånemark patients showed at least one implant with ≥2 mm bone loss after the first year in function. The corresponding prevalence on implant level was 6% and 5% respectively. No significant differences were found between the other examined variables. Two patients showed prosthetic complications of the supra construction in need of repair. Seven bridges had minor ceramic chippings.ConclusionTreatment withAstraTech TiOblast implants andBrånemark turned implants supporting full‐arch bridges showed generally good clinical results with low numbers of implants with marginal bone loss indicative of peri‐implantitis. No significant differences were found between the implant systems after 12–15 years in function.
Influence of a collagen membrane and recombinant platelet‐derived growth factor on vertical bone augmentation in implant‐fixed deproteinized bovine bone – animal pilot study
Authors: Kämmerer P.W. , Palarie V. , Schiegnitz E. , Nacu V. , Draenert F.G. , Al‐Nawas B. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractObjectivesCombinations of bone substitute block materials with membrane techniques as well as with growth factors are possible options to enhance the prognosis of vertical bone augmentation. Therefore, the aim of the pilot study was to compare the influence of a collagen membrane and a signal protein (rhPDGF‐BB) on vertical bone augmentation with a stable fixed block material (deproteinized bovine bone [DBB]).Materials and methodsIn 12 rabbits, a DBB‐block was implant‐fixed on the tibia in a split‐leg‐design. Included were: DBB only (control), DBB + collagen membrane (test), DBB + rhPDGF‐BB (test) and DBB + rhPDGF‐BB + collagen membrane (test). 24 samples were examined after 3 (n = 12) and 6 weeks (n = 12). Calculated parameters were new bone area (NBA;%), new vertical bone height (VBH; mm). Due to the pilot character of this study, single values are shown descriptively only.ResultsAfter 3 weeks, there were constant higher NBA values in the rhPDGF‐BB‐group without membrane (NBA (%) DBB: 30/16/4; DBB + membrane: 25/17/7, DBB + rhPDGF‐BB: 40/33/34, DBB + rhPDGF‐BB + membrane: 0/30/16; VBH (mm) DBB: 1.2/1.2/1, DBB + membrane: 0.7/0.9/1, DBB + rhPDGF‐BB: 0.7/0.9/1, DBB + rhPDGF‐BB + membrane: 0/1.1/1). After 6 weeks, both membrane groups showed a constant higher NBA and VBH independent to the use of rhPDGF‐BB (NBA DBB: 3/0/5, DBB + membrane: 20/35/31, DBB + rhPDGF‐BB: 5/8/4, DBB + rhPDGF‐BB + membrane: 31/35/40; VBH DBB: 0.3/0.3/0.6, DBB + membrane: 1.6/2.4/2.1, DBB + rhPDGF‐BB: 0.4/0.7/0.8, DBB + rhPDGF‐BB + membrane: 1.8/2/1.8).ConclusionsFor vertical augmentation, the addition of rhPDGF‐BB to DBB‐blocks may increase early bone growth. In the later phase, the use of a collagen membrane enhances new bone volume and height to a significant greater extend. Even if the results are higher than those in the non‐membrane groups, the low gain of bone after the short time periods still needs improvement.
Occupational contact allergy caused by rubber gloves – nothing has changed
Authors: Geier Johannes , Lessmann Holger , Mahler Vera , Pohrt Ute , Uter Wolfgang , Schnuch Axel 
Published: July 2012

Background. Allergic contact dermatitis caused by rubber gloves is not infrequent, and has almost exclusively been attributed to contact sensitization to accelerators. Thiurams have been the most frequent allergens, followed by dithiocarbamates.Objectives. To describe the current allergen pattern in patients with occupational allergic contact dermatitis caused by rubber gloves.Methods. This study was a retrospective analysis of data from the Information Network of Departments of Dermatology (IVDK), 2002–2010.Results. Of 93 615 patients patch tested in the IVDK, 3448 both suffered from occupational dermatitis and were tested because of suspected glove allergy. Among these, healthcare workers were the largest group (n = 1058). Of all occupational dermatitis patients, 13% were sensitized to thiurams, 3.5% to dithiocarbamates, 3% to mercaptobenzothiazole and/or its derivatives, and 0.4% to thioureas. Positive test reactions to 1,3‐diphenylguanidine were seen in 3.0%. Reaction frequencies varied with the years, but showed no uniform time trend.Conclusions. As compared with a former IVDK data analysis (1995–2001), there was no change in sensitization pattern and no decline in sensitization frequencies. This is in line with data from the literature. Particularly in healthcare, there is a need for (i) allergen declaration on the glove package, and (ii) gloves with reduced accelerator content.
A systematic review of methods for tissue analysis in animal studies on orthodontic mini‐implants
Authors: Gritsch K. , Laroche N. , Morgon L. , Al‐Hity R. , Vico L. , Colon P. , Grosgogeat B. 
Published: July 2012

Gritsch K., Laroche N., Morgon L., Al‐Hity R., Vico L., Colon P., Grosgogeat B. A systematic review of methods for tissue analysis in animal studies on orthodontic mini‐implants  Orthod Craniofac Res 2012;15:135–147. © 2012 John Wiley & Sons A/SAbstractAnchorage devices are increasingly used in orthodontics, and their clinical performance is directly dependent on the tissue response to these devices. This study aims to identify assessment parameters for evaluating tissue reactions around orthodontically loaded implants and to propose parameters to be included in a standardized method. Several electronic databases (PubMed, ScienceDirect, the Cochrane database) were explored for papers from January 1999 to December 2009. The preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta‐analyses (PRISMA) statement was used as a guideline for the methodology of systematic reviews. Twenty‐five publications were selected from 123 potentially relevant abstracts. The selected studies mainly aimed to answer a clinical question and particularly the ability of immediate loading in orthodontics. Very few studies aimed to understand the healing mechanism around the devices leading to a lack of information on this topic. The most frequent combination of assessment methods was clinical evaluation, histology/histomorphometry and intravital bone labeling. Although the dog model is mainly used, pigs represent an interesting animal model, especially when studying devices in growing bone. Despite the extensive use of miniscrews in growing individuals, only few studies have included young subjects in their protocol. Moreover, in such studies, an oral hygiene program is absolutely necessary to avoid complications. Finite element analysis could improve the knowledge of the relationship between design and bone reaction; unfortunately, this elaborated method is complex and impossible to perform routinely. For standardization, the authors recommend to include specific criteria in study protocols when assessing tissue response to orthodontically loaded devices.