bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Video-stimulated reflection as a professional development tool in interactive whiteboard research
Authors: Cutrim Schmid Euline 
Published: September 2011

AbstractSeveral authors (e.g., Mcniff & Whitehead, 2006; Wallace, 1998) defend the idea that teachers’ own involvement in research has the potential to encourage professional growth. Journal writing, teacher logs, written narratives and stimulated recall are some examples of methods that have been used by researchers to encourage and support teachers’ reflective practice in teacher-researcher collaborative research. This paper discusses the use of video-stimulated reflection as both a research method and as a means for teacher professional growth. The research findings are drawn from a longitudinal study that investigates a model of Interactive Whiteboard (IWB) technology professional development programme. The research was carried out in the form of seven in-depth case studies with English as a Foreign Language (EFL) teachers in German secondary/vocational schools, as they learn how to integrate the IWB into their teaching. Research data were collected via a variety of research instruments, namely classroom observations and field notes, video recordings of school lessons and teacher training workshops, interviews and video-stimulated reflection. Findings based on the analysis of the copious amount of data gathered indicate that the video-stimulated dialogues were used by the teachers as effective opportunities for reflection, self-evaluation and pedagogical development.
Learning to teach with videoconferencing in primary foreign language classrooms
Authors: Whyte Shona 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThis qualitative study investigates the relationship between learning opportunities and teacher cognition in the context of a videoconferencing (VC) project for foreign languages (FL) in French primary schools. Six generalist primary teachers were followed throughout the initial six-month stage of the initiative, and data were collected from learners, teachers, and trainers via questionnaire, video and audio recordings of class and feedback sessions, online teacher and trainer discussion, and video-stimulated recall interviews. Interview data revealed distinct teacher profiles involving differences in orientation to teaching and the teacher, learning and learners, and technology. These profiles corresponded to different teaching strategies and resulted in varying patterns of learner interaction in VC sessions. Teachers’ comments showed them to be guided by general rather than FL-specific pedagogical principles, and pedagogical concerns frequently intersected with technical issues as teachers learned to exploit the new VC technology. While most teachers valued spontaneous FL interaction as a key VC affordance, the filmed sessions revealed little unplanned learner-learner communication. This finding is related to teachers’ views of second language acquisition as product rather than a process; for more learner-centred teachers, spontaneity was affected by rehearsal, and for more teacher-oriented practitioners, sustained teacher intervention influenced patterns of learner participation. In addition to these classroom findings, the study highlights the value of this type of participant research in facilitating the exchange of resources and expertise, classroom video footage, and participants’ comments and queries, and thus contributing to professional development in CALL and CMC-based teacher education.
Identifying target groups for the prevention of depression among caregivers of dementia patients
Authors: Joling Karlijn J. , Smit Filip , van Marwijk Harm W. J. , van der Horst Henriëtte E. , Scheltens Philip , Schulz Richard , van Hout Hein P. J. 
Published: September 2011

ABSTRACTBackground:Depression in informal caregivers of persons with dementia is a major, costly and growing problem. However, it is not yet clear which caregivers are at increased risk of developing depression. With this knowledge preventive strategies could focus on these groups to maximize health gain and minimize effort.Methods:The onset of clinically relevant depression was measured with the Center for Epidemiologic Studies - Depression Scale in 725 caregivers who were not depressed at baseline and who were providing care for a relative with dementia. Caregivers were followed over 18 months. The indices calculated to identify the most important risk indicators were: odds ratio, attributable fraction, exposure rate and number needing to be treated.Results:The following significant indicators of depression onset were identified: increased initial depressive symptoms, poor self-rated health status and white or Hispanic race/ethnicity. The incidence of depression would decrease by 72.3% (attributive fraction) if these risk indicators together are targeted by a completely effective intervention. Race/ethnicity was not a significant predictor if caregivers of patients who died or were institutionalized were left out of the analyses.Conclusion:Detection of only a few characteristics makes it possible to identify high-risk groups in an efficient way. Focusing on these easy-to-assess characteristics might contribute to a cost-effective prevention of depression in caregivers.
Coherent dynamics and association networks among lake bacterioplankton taxa
Authors: Eiler Alexander , Heinrich Friederike , Bertilsson Stefan 
Published: September 2011

Abstract
Bacteria have important roles in freshwater food webs and in the cycling of elements in the ecosystem. Yet specific ecological features of individual phylogenetic groups and interactions among these are largely unknown. We used 454 pyrosequencing of 16S rRNA genes to study associations of different bacterioplankton groups to environmental characteristics and their co-occurrence patterns over an annual cycle in a dimictic lake. Clear seasonal succession of the bacterioplankton community was observed. After binning of sequences into previously described and highly resolved phylogenetic groups (tribes), their temporal dynamics revealed extensive synchrony and associations with seasonal events such as ice coverage, ice-off, mixing and phytoplankton blooms. Coupling between closely and distantly related tribes was resolved by time-dependent rank correlations, suggesting ecological coherence that was often dependent on taxonomic relatedness. Association networks with the abundant freshwater Actinobacteria and Proteobacteria in focus revealed complex interdependencies within bacterioplankton communities and contrasting linkages to environmental conditions. Accordingly, unique ecological features can be inferred for each tribe and reveal the natural history of abundant cultured and uncultured freshwater bacteria.
Robustness portraits of diverse biological networks conserved despite order-of-magnitude parameter uncertainty
Authors: Soltis Anthony R. , Saucerman Jeffrey J. 
Published: September 2011

Abstract
Motivation: Biological networks are robust to a wide variety of internal and external perturbations, yet fragile or sensitive to a small minority of perturbations. Due to this rare sensitivity of networks to certain perturbations, it is unclear how precisely biochemical parameters must be experimentally measured in order to accurately predict network function.
Results: Here, we examined a model of cardiac β-adrenergic signaling and found that its robustness portrait, a global measure of steady-state network function, was well conserved even when all parameters were rounded to their nearest 1–2 orders of magnitude. In contrast, β-adrenergic network kinetics were more sensitive to parameter precision. This analysis was then extended to 10 additional networks, including Escherichia coli chemotaxis, stem cell differentiation and cytokine signaling, of which nine exhibited conserved robustness portraits despite the order-of-magnitude approximation of their biochemical parameters. Thus, both fragile and robust aspects of diverse biological networks are largely shaped by network topology and can be predicted despite order-of-magnitude uncertainty in biochemical parameters. These findings suggest an iterative strategy where order-of-magnitude models are used to prioritize experiments toward the fragile network elements that require precise measurements, efficiently driving model revision.
Contact: jsaucerman@virginia.edu
Supplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
The effect of methadone on emotional reactivity
Authors: Savvas Steven M. , Somogyi Andrew A. , White Jason M. 
Published: September 2011

ABSTRACTAims  Opioids have been implicated in emotion regulation. Opioid users report decreased negative emotional response, but there has been no formal study on the effect of opioid administration on emotional reactivity. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of methadone on emotional reactivity in methadone‐maintained patients.Design  Velten's mood induction procedures were used to induce elative and depressive emotional reactions in the subjects. Each group was administered both induction procedures at 0 hour and 3 hours (corresponding with trough and peak plasma methadone concentrations in methadone subjects).Setting  A drug treatment clinic with an out‐patient methadone maintenance treatment programme.Participants  Twenty‐one subjects currently on methadone maintenance treatment and 21 controls with no history of opioid dependence.Measurements  Emotional reactivity was measured using mood visual analogue scales.Findings  At 0 hour, methadone and control subjects showed similar elation (methadone 13.2 ± 3.1 mean ± standard error of the mean [SEM], control 14.4 ± 3.7) and depression reactivity (methadone 23.6 ± 5.0, control 25.1 ± 5.0). However, at 3 hours repeated measures showed that methadone subjects had significantly decreased depression reactivity (methadone 18.5 ± 4.6, control 36.7 ± 5.7; P = 0.021) and elation reactivity (methadone 4.4 ± 1.9, control 19.0 ± 2.4) compared to controls.Conclusions  Opioid addicts on methadone maintenance appear to be less reactive to mood induction at times of peak plasma methadone concentration than non‐addict controls; this suggests that methadone blunts both elative and depressive emotional reactivity.
Engagement with opioid maintenance treatment and reductions in crime: a longitudinal national cohort study
Authors: Bukten Anne , Skurtveit Svetlana , Gossop Michael , Waal Helge , Stangeland Per , Havnes Ingrid , Clausen Thomas 
Published: September 2011

ABSTRACTAims  This study investigates changes in criminal involvement among patients in opioid maintenance treatment (OMT) over a 7‐year period prior to, during and after treatment, particularly in relation to differences in treatment engagement.Design, setting and participants  Treatment data on all patients who started OMT in Norway between 1997 and 2003 (n = 3221) were cross‐linked with national criminal records. The period of observation was divided into four phases; pre‐treatment, in‐treatment, between treatments and post‐treatment.Findings  During OMT, rates of criminal convictions for the cohort were reduced to fewer than half of waiting‐list levels [incidence rate (IR) 0.63 versus 1.57]. Patients in continuous treatment had the fewest convictions (IR 0.47) during treatment. The highest rates were found among patients out of treatment after several treatment episodes (IR 1.52). All groups had significantly fewer criminal convictions during treatment compared to before treatment. Staying in OMT for 2 years or more was associated with significantly reduced rates of convictions during treatment. Younger age and pre‐treatment criminal convictions were associated with significantly (P < 0.001) more convictions during treatment. Those who left treatment, permanently or temporarily, relapsed into high levels of convictions outside treatment.Conclusions  Criminal activity appears to be reduced in Norway during opiate maintenance treatment. Younger age and prior history of criminal activity are important risk factors for continued criminal activity during treatment.
The linkage between fault throw and footwall scarp erosion patterns: an example from the Bremstein Fault Complex, offshore Mid‐Norway
Authors: Elliott Gavin M. , Wilson Paul , Jackson Christopher A.‐L. , Gawthorpe Robert L. , Michelsen Lisa , Sharp Ian R. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractStudies of normal fault systems in modern extensional regimes (e.g. Basin and Range), and in exhumed, ancient rift basins (e.g. Gulf of Suez Rift) have shown a link between the evolution of fault‐related footwall topography and associated erosional drainage systems. In this study, we use 3D seismic reflection data to image the footwall crest of a gravity‐driven fault system developed during late Middle Jurassic to Early Cretaceous rifting on the Halten Terrace, offshore Mid‐Norway. This 22‐km‐long fault system lacks significant footwall uplift, with hangingwall subsidence accommodating throw accumulation on the fault system. Significant erosion has occurred along the length of the footwall crest and is defined by 96 catchments characterized by erosional channels. These erosional channels consist of small, linear systems up to 750 m long located along the front of the fault footwall. Larger, dendritic channel systems extend further back (up to 3 km normal to fault strike) into the footwall. These channels are up to 7 km long, up to 50 m deep and up to 1 km wide. Fault throw varies along strike, with greatest throw in the centre of the fault decreasing towards the fault tips; localized throw minima are interpreted to represent segment linkage points, which were breached as the fault grew. Comparison of the catchment location to the throw distribution shows that the largest catchments are in the centre of the fault and decrease in size to the fault tips. There is no link between the location of the breached segment linkage points and the location and size of the footwall catchments, suggesting that the first‐order control on footwall erosion patterns is the overall fault‐throw distribution.
Genomic analysis of Non‐Splenic Marginal Zone Lymphomas (MZL) indicates similarities between nodal and extranodal MZL and supports their derivation from Memory B‐cells
Authors: Novak Urban , Basso Katia , Pasqualucci Laura , Dalla‐Favera Riccardo , Bhagat Govind 
Published: September 2011

SummaryThree distinct categories of marginal zone lymphomas (MZLs) are currently recognized, principally based on their site of occurrence. They are thought to represent unique entities, but the relationship of one subtype with another is poorly understood. We investigated 17 non‐splenic MZLs (seven nodal, 10 extranodal) by gene expression profiling to distinguish between subtypes and determine their cell of origin. Our findings suggest biological inter‐relatedness of these entities despite occurrence at different locations and associations with possibly different aetiologies. Furthermore, the expression profiles of non‐splenic MZL were similar to memory B cells.
Selective down‐regulation of Th2 cell‐mediated airway inflammation in mice by pharmacological intervention of CCR4
Authors: Kaminuma O. , Ohtomo T. , Mori A. , Nagakubo D. , Hieshima K. , Ohmachi Y. , Noda Y. , Katayama K. , Suzuki K. , Motoi Y. , Kitamura N. , Saeki M. , Nishimura T. , Yoshie O. , Hiroi T. 
Published: September 2011

SummaryBackgroundThe chemokine receptor CCR4 has been implicated in Th2 cell‐mediated immune responses. However, other T cell subsets are also known to participate in allergic inflammation.ObjectiveThe role of CCR4 in Th1, Th2, and Th17 cell‐mediated allergic airway inflammation was investigated.MethodWe generated an allergic airway inflammation model by adoptive transfer of in vitro‐polarized ovalbumin (OVA)‐specific Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells. The effect of a low‐molecular weight CCR4 antagonist, Compound 22, on this model was examined.ResultsUpon in vitro polarization of DO11.10 naïve T cells, Th1‐ and Th2‐polarized cells dominantly expressed CXCR3 and CCR4, respectively, while Th17‐polarized cells expressed CCR6 and CCR4. Intranasal OVA‐challenge of mice transferred with each T cell subset induced accumulation of T cells in the lungs. Eosinophils were also massively accumulated in Th2‐transferred mice, whereas neutrophils were preferentially recruited in Th1‐ and Th17‐transferred mice. Compound 22, as well as anti‐CCL17 or anti‐CCL22 antibody selectively suppressed accumulation of Th2 cells and eosinophils in the lungs of Th2‐transferred and OVA‐challenged mice. Compound 22 also inhibited bronchial hyperresponsiveness but had little effect on goblet cell hyperplasia in Th2‐transferred and OVA‐challenged mice.Conclusions and Clinical RelevanceThere were notable differences in allergic lung inflammation mediated by different T cell subsets. CCR4 blockage was selectively effective for suppression of Th2‐mediated allergic inflammation by blocking infiltration of Th2 cells.
Analysis of the differentially expressed genes in Microsporum canis in inducing smooth skin and scalp tissue conditions
Authors: Zhang F. R. , Zhang Y. , Zhang Z. Y. , Yang G. L. , Jing L. J. , Bai Y. G. 
Published: September 2011

Summary
Microsporum canis is a common zoophilic dermatophyte, which causes a range of infections. To explore the pathogenic mechanism of tinea capitis, we used the suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH) technique to investigate the differences in gene expression between different cultures of Microsporum canis incubated on three different types of mineral media containing child glabrous skin, child scalp tissue and adult scalp tissue. Using dot-blot hybridization and real-time PCR technique, we successfully screened and identified a pair of genes that had expression levels 44.6 and 117 times higher in culture 1 (M. canis cultured in mineral medium with child scalp tissue) than in culture 2 (M. canis cultured in mineral medium with glabrous skin tissue), and another pair of genes with expression levels 78.2 and 9.8 times higher in culture 1 than in culture 3 (M. canis cultured in mineral medium with adult scalp tissue). These four genes were found to have 41%, 53%, 40% and 94% homology to those encoding a hypothetical protein [family of serine hydrolases 1; (FSH1)], PQ loop repeat protein (PQ-LRP), a predicted protein [porphyrin galactose 4; (P-GAL4)] and NADH dehydrogenase subunit (NADH)1, respectively. The upregulation of the FSH1, PQ-LRP, P-GAL4 and NADH1 genes in cultures of child scalp tissue indicates that they are essential in the pathogenesis of tinea capitis caused by M. canis.
Granulysin-producing cytotoxic T cells in the mucocutaneous lesions of Behçet disease: a distinct inflammatory response from erythema nodosum
Authors: Yamasaki O. , Morizane S. , Aochi S. , Ogawa K. , Oono T. , Iwatsuki K. 
Published: September 2011

Summary
Background. Cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) have been recognized as an important effector cell in Behçet disease (BD). Granulysin is a cytolytic granule protein expressed by CTLs and natural killer cells.
Aim. To evaluate the involvement of granulysin-producing T cells in the pathogenesis of BD.
Methods. Using immunohistochemistry, lymphocyte subsets expressing granulysin were investigated in mucocutaneous lesions of BD. Serum granulysin levels were assayed by ELISA.
Results. Granulysin-positive cells were seen in specimens from oral ulcers, genital ulcers and acne-like eruptions, but not erythema nodosum-like lesions. Both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells expressed granulysin. Serum granulysin levels did not correlate with disease activity in BD.
Conclusion. Immune reactions mediated by granulysin-positive CTLs may play an important role in the pathogenesis of acne-like eruptions, oral ulcers and genital ulcers in BD.
Surveillance culture monitoring of double‐balloon enteroscopy reprocessing with high‐level disinfection
Authors: Chiu King‐Wah , Lu Long‐Sheng , Wu Keng‐Liang , Lin Ming‐Tzung , Hu Ming‐Luen , Tai Wei‐Chen , Chiu Yi‐Chun , Chuah Seng‐Kee , Hu Tsung‐Hui 
Published: September 2011

Eur J Clin Invest 2012; 42 (4): 427–431AbstractBackground  Inadequate reprocessing of double‐balloon enteroscopy (DBE) or of endoscopic accessories may result in iatrogenic infections and present a risk to public health.Aim  To use microbiological surveillance culture monitoring (SCM) to assess the adequacy of high‐level disinfection (HLD) with standard reprocessing procedures of DBE.Materials and methods  We performed a prospective study on cultures collected from DBEs that had been treated by HLD by an automated endoscope washing machine (AEWM) decontamination cycle. This study included 42 cases with 57 cultures, which were collected consecutively between October 2009 and December 2010. In 31 cases, 31 cultures were collected from oral route DBE (mean patient age, 68·9 years), and in 23 cases, 26 cultures were collected from anal route DBE (mean patient age, 67·9 years). The results obtained were compared with those of our previous study of SCM on gastroscopy (GS) and colonoscopy (CS). The samples were collected by flushing 50 mL sterile distilled water into the suction channel and collecting the flow‐through in a sterile container. The samples were then incubated at 37 °C and examined for bacterial growth.Results  Before HLD, the positive culture rate was 83·9% (26/31) for the oral route DBE and 100% (26/26) for the anal route DBE (P = 0·0406). After HLD, the positive culture rate was 12·9% (4/31) for the oral route DBE and 19·2% (5/26) for the anal route DBE (P > 0·05). A linear trend relationship was found between positive SCM and the length and category of diagnostic instruments – GS, CS, oral route DBE and anal route DBE.Conclusions  Surveillance culture monitoring is a useful method to assess the effectiveness of HLD reprocessing of DBE. Machine washing may not achieve complete disinfection. Using AEWM regularly is mandatory to minimize cross‐contamination and to ensure quality assurance. Additional procedures are necessary to employ for the longer and anal route DBE.
A unique two‐way approach for the validation of total antioxidant capacity of serum samples
Authors: Prasetyo Endry N , Willibald Wonisch , Nyanhongo Gibson S. , Guebitz Georg M. 
Published: September 2011

Eur J Clin Invest 2012; 42 (4): 432–438AbstractBackground  The human body is constantly exposed to a large variety of reactive oxygen species that are implicated in many pathophysiological conditions (atherosclerosis, cancer, neurodegenerative diseases etc.). Monitoring the antioxidant status of biological fluids could be used as an early warning sign ‘biomarker’ of possible disease onset. However, although several methods have been developed, questionable sensitivity, unreliability and non‐reproducibility hamper all, making it difficult to have an internationally accepted standardized method. This study presents and demonstrates the remarkable ability of a newly developed antioxidant capacity assay method based on tetramethoxy azobismethylene quinone (TMAMQ) to measure the total antioxidant capacity of serum samples using three complimentary approaches.Design  Using an UV–Vis spectroscopy and oxygen sensor, the reduction of TMAMQ by serum antioxidants was compared to either the formation of syringaldazine or consumption of oxygen.Results  After adding a fraction of human serum, 4·01 μM TMAMQ was reduced to syringaldazine from a stock of 11·74 μM TMAMQ. Subsequent addition of laccase resulted in the oxidation of the formed syringaldazine back to TMAMQ resulting in an increase in TMAMQ concentration to 11·71 μM (re‐establishing almost the same initial concentration of TMAMQ) while consuming 1·04 μM molecular oxygen.Conclusions  The reduction of TMAMQ by serum samples is directly proportional to the consumption of oxygen and the formation of syringaldazine. This means that either the formation of syringaldazine or oxygen consumption can be used to validate or confirm data obtained through monitoring TMAMQ reduction.