bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Computed Tomography–Based Fracture Prediction Model With Images of Vertebral Bones and Muscles by Employing Deep Learning: Development and Validation Study
Authors: Kong Sung Hye , Cho Wonwoo , Park Sung Bae , Choo Jaegul , Kim Jung Hee , Kim Sang Wan , Shin Chan Soo 
Published: May 2024

Background
With the progressive increase in aging populations, the use of opportunistic computed tomography (CT) scanning is increasing, which could be a valuable method for acquiring information on both muscles and bones of aging populations.

Objective
The aim of this study was to develop and externally validate opportunistic CT-based fracture prediction models by using images of vertebral bones and paravertebral muscles.

Methods
The models were developed based on a retrospective longitudinal cohort study of 1214 patients with abdominal CT images between 2010 and 2019. The models were externally validated in 495 patients. The primary outcome of this study was defined as the predictive accuracy for identifying vertebral fracture events within a 5-year follow-up. The image models were developed using an attention convolutional neural network–recurrent neural network model from images of the vertebral bone and paravertebral muscles.

Results
The mean ages of the patients in the development and validation sets were 73 years and 68 years, and 69.1% (839/1214) and 78.8% (390/495) of them were females, respectively. The areas under the receiver operator curve (AUROCs) for predicting vertebral fractures were superior in images of the vertebral bone and paravertebral muscles than those in the bone-only images in the external validation cohort (0.827, 95% CI 0.821-0.833 vs 0.815, 95% CI 0.806-0.824, respectively; P<.001). The AUROCs of these image models were higher than those of the fracture risk assessment models (0.810 for major osteoporotic risk, 0.780 for hip fracture risk). For the clinical model using age, sex, BMI, use of steroids, smoking, possible secondary osteoporosis, type 2 diabetes mellitus, HIV, hepatitis C, and renal failure, the AUROC value in the external validation cohort was 0.749 (95% CI 0.736-0.762), which was lower than that of the image model using vertebral bones and muscles (P<.001).

Conclusions
The model using the images of the vertebral bone and paravertebral muscle showed better performance than that using the images of the bone-only or clinical variables. Opportunistic CT screening may contribute to identifying patients with a high fracture risk in the future.
Pelatihan Sistem Budidaya Tanaman Kakao Secara Berkelanjutan Pada Kelompok Tani Rukun Tani Dusun Karang Tani, Desa Karang Anyar, Kecamatan Jati Agung, Lampung Selatan
Authors: Sugiatno Sugiatno , Evizal Rusdi , Susanto Herry , Sembodo Dad R. J. , Nurmauli Niar 
Published: May 2024

Provinsi Lampung merupakan salah satu penghasil biji kakao di Indonesia yang dihasilkan oleh perkebunan rakyat (pekebun). Produktivitas kebun kakao di Lampung khususnya di Dusun Karang Tani semakin lama semakin menurun, hal tersebut karena petani kakao yang tergabung dalam Kelompok Tani Rukun Tani belum mengelola lahan kakaonya dengan baik. Kondisi lahan kakao di Dusun Karang Tani merupakan lahan berpasir dengan jenis tanah podsolik merah kuning yang rentan terhadap degradasi lahan. Untuk mengelola lahan tersebut petani perlu dibekali pengetahuan bagaimana mengelola lahan kakao yang benar agar lahan tetap produktif. Tujuan kegiatan ini adalah untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan petani di Dusun Karang Tani tentang sistem budidaya kakao secara berkelanjutan. Kegiatan dilaksanakan di Dusun Karang Tani, Desa Karang Anyar, Kecamatan Jati Agung, Lampung Selatan yang berlangsung mulai bulan Juli hingga November 2019. Kegiatan dilakukan dengan metode tatap muka di dalam ruangan dan demontrasi di lahan. Materi kegiatan tatap muka meliputi sistem budidaya kakao berkelanjutan, pengelolaan nutrisi tanaman, pola tanam sistem pertanian berkelanjutan, konservasi tanah, dan pengelolaan hama dan penyakit terpadu. Kegiatan dievaluasi melalui evaluasi awal, evaluasi proses, dan evaluasi akhir. Evaluasi awal dan evaluasi akhir dilakukan dengan menggunakan lembar daftar pertanyaan yang berkaitan dengan materi pelatihan. Hasil kegiatan menunjukkan bahwa: (1) Sebelum dilakukan pelatihan, tingkat pengetahun petani peserta terhadap sistem budidaya kakao secara berkelanjutan masih rendah (nilai rata-rata 28,5), terutama pada pemahaman materi konservasi tanah di kebun kakao (nilai 22,5) dan materi pengelolaan nutrisi tanaman dan pemupukan (nilai 27,5); (2) Pada saat kegiatan pelatihanberlangsung, tanggapan petani pesertan terhadap materi pelatihan sangat baik, peserta aktif bertanya terhadap materi yang belum jelas, dan aktivitas peserta baik yang ditunjukkan denga tingkat kehadiran yang tinggi; (3) Setelah dilakukan pelatihan, pengetahuan petani Dusun Karang Tani terhadap sistem budidaya kakao secara berkelanjutan meningkat hingga kategori tinggi (nilai 74,9) atau dengan kenaikan 162,8%, kenaikan tingkat pengetahuan tertinggi terjadi pada materi teknik konservasi tanah di lahan kakao (211,1%) dan pengelolaan nutrisi tanaman dan pemupukan (200%).
Análisis experimental comparativo de la producción anual de energía de una planta solar fotovoltaica de 72kWn instalada sobre techo para autoconsumo en la ciudad de Montería utilizando PVsyst, PVGIS y SAM
Authors: Lara Vargas Fabian Alonso , Ortiz Padilla Miguel Ángel , Vargas Salgado Carlos Afranio 
Published: May 2024

El presente trabajo desarrolló el análisis experimental comparativo de los datos reales de producción de energía de una planta solar fotovoltaica de 72KWn, con simulaciones hechas en PVsyst, PVGIS y SAM. El periodo de medición fue dividido entre marzo de 2021 a febrero de 2022 y de marzo de 2022 a febrero de 2023. Se encontró que la simulación desarrollada en SAM presentó el error cuadrático medio más bajo para todo el periodo de medición en comparación con PVsyst y PVGIS, presentando valores respectivos de para SAM, para PVGIS y para PVsyst. Además, se concluyó que un aumento en la temperatura ambiente puede influir en la producción de un sistema fotovoltaico, asi también el uso de bases de datos ambientales actualizadas, puede resultar en cálculos más precisos de la producción proyectada.
Evaluation of mavacamten in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
Authors: Liao Hui-Ling , Liang Yi , Liang Bo 
Published: May 2024

Aims
We aimed to comprehensively assess the safety and efficacy of mavacamten in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) patients.

Methods
A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted, and efficacy [changes in postexercise left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) gradient, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), peak oxygen consumption (pVO2), Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire Clinical Summary Score (KCCQ CSS), and the proportion of patients exhibiting an improvement of at least one New York Heart Association (NYHA) functional class from baseline)], safety (total count of treatment-emergent adverse events and SAEs, as well as the proportion of patients experiencing at least one adverse event or SAE), and cardiac biomarkers (NT-proBNP and cTnI) outcomes were evaluated.

Results
We incorporated data from four randomized controlled trials, namely EXPLORER-HCM, VALOR-HCM, MAVERICK-HCM, and EXPLORER-CN. Mavacamten demonstrated significant efficacy in reducing the postexercise LVOT gradient by 49.44 mmHg (P = 0.0001) and LVEF by 3.84 (P < 0.0001) and improving pVO2 by 0.69 ml/kg/min (P = 0.4547), KCCQ CSS by 8.11 points (P < 0.0001), and patients with at least one NYHA functional class improvement from baseline by 2.20 times (P < 0.0001). Importantly, mavacamten increased 1.11-fold adverse events (P = 0.0184) 4.24-fold reduced LVEF to less than 50% (P = 0.0233) and 1.06-fold SAEs (P = 0.8631). Additionally, mavacamten decreased NT-proBNP by 528.62 ng/l (P < 0.0001) and cTnI by 8.28 ng/l (P < 0.0001).

Conclusion
Mavacamten demonstrates both safety and efficacy in patients with HCM, suggesting its potential as a promising therapeutic strategy for this condition. Further research is warranted to confirm these results and explore its long-term effects.
Additions to the fauna of Opomyzoidea in the Gemer area (Central Slovakia)
Authors: Roháček Jindřich 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Additional records of Clusiidae (2 species), Acartophthalmidae (1), Opomyzidae (4), Anthomyzidae (5), Aulacigastridae (3), Stenomicridae (1), Periscelididae (4), Asteiidae (2) and Odiniidae (3) obtained in 2023 during the bioinventory field work in the Gemer in Central Slovakia are presented. Notes on distribution, biology, faunistics in Slovakia and/or nature conservation importance are given for the most interesting records. Two species are new additions to the fauna of Slovakia, viz. Podocera delicata (Collin, 1944), Stenomicridae (new easternmost record) and Periscelis (Myodris) piricercus Carles-Tolrá & Verdugo Páez, 2009, Periscelididae (new northernmost record). First records of Geomyza subnigra Drake, 1992 (Opomyzidae) and Typhamyza bifasciata (Wood, 1911) (Anthomyzidae) from the Cerová vrchovina PLA are given. Apart from the above faunal additions, the following rare or otherwise significant species have again been recorded from the Cerová vrchovina PLA: Aulacigaster falcata Papp, 1998 (Aulacigastridae), Periscelis (M.) haennii Pollini Paltrinieri & Roháček, 2022, P. (P.) winnertzii Egger, 1862 (Periscelididae), Neoalticomerus fabricius Withers & Papp, 2012, N. formosus (Loew, 1844) and Odinia trinotata Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830 (Odiniidae).
Assessment of Various Factors Affecting Economic Indicators in Prosumer and Consumer Energy Communities: A Case Study of Latvia
Authors: Lazdins R. , Mutule A. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
This study explores the recent legislative changes allowing prosumers and consumers in Latvia to form energy communities (EnCs). In spite of legal advancements, the absence of supporting regulations and potential barriers, such as the lack of tailored support schemes and forecasting tools, pose challenges. International experiences highlight additional hurdles, including weak stakeholder dialogue and limited EnC modelling tools. To address these issues, the study proposes a prosumer and consumer EnC business model aligned with Latvia’s legislation, emphasising a peer-to-peer (P2P) trading approach. The model incorporates state aid, electricity trader responsibilities, and reinvestment of EnC profits, eliminating the need for a dedicated trading platform. The study introduces a user-friendly planning tool in MS Excel, evaluating economic viability through case studies and scenarios. Findings emphasise the optimisation of EnC effectiveness by adjusting tariffs, minimising initial investment costs, securing external funding, and managing loan durations. The planning tool serves as a universal instrument, offering insights into individual EnC economic indicators based on their unique characteristics. The research provides valuable guidance to stakeholders and policymakers in Latvia’s evolving energy landscape.
Dynamics of Language Teaching at the Institute of Foreign Languages of Vytautas Magnus University: Challenges and Perspectives
Authors: Sabaliauskienė Rima , Gañán Rocío Cristina Cortés 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The aim of this article is to analyze the situation of foreign language teaching and learning at the Institute of Foreign Languages of Vytautas Magnus University (VMU), within the framework of the promotion of multilingualism in the European Union and the language policy of VMU. Knowledge of the mother tongue and at least two foreign languages at a sufficient level for effective communication is an aspiration set out in the European Union documents. In this study, we examine how the university’s language policy contributes to the goal of EU multilingualism and the challenges posed by its implementation. For this purpose, data on language teaching at VMU Institute of Foreign Languages over the last ten years are analyzed. In addition, a survey conducted in spring 2022 is presented which aimed at finding out which factors influence the students’ learning of other languages. The results of these two investigations reveal that, while students acquire the proficient user level in English, there is a steady decline in the interest to study other languages apart English, and the number of students who choose other languages has been decreasing. Only a small percentage of them reach the proficient user level (B1–B2 on the CEFR scale), whereas the majority of them become familiar with a new language and end their studies at initial levels (A1–A2 on the CEFR scale). The students’ responses suggest that there is room for improvement in the university system to promote multilingualism; the lack of awareness of the importance of languages, the increasing predominance of English and the lack of motivation, as well as the negative experiences associated with learning, have a significant influence on the decline of interest in other foreign languages, thus constituting a major threat to the implementation of multilingualism policies.
Need for Translation Services in the Globalized World: A Periphery-Informed Explanation
Authors: Mazlum Farhad , Shadman Nazanin , Khademnabi Mir Mohammad 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The relationship between globalization and translation is one of the new areas of research in Translation Studies. Globalization has led to unstoppable spread of the English language across the globe. Yet, contrary to expectations, not only has the need for translation services not diminished, but it also has increased. This, according to Pym (2003), sounds paradoxical since as the global use of English is on the increase, the need for translation should be waning. In other words, in spite of the fact that the use of English is triumphant and English is already considered the language of the global village, not only has the number of translations not decreased, but the demand for them is increasing. The present study was an attempt to investigate Iranian translators’ views on this paradox. In other words, the study sought the perspectives of translators in the periphery on the paradox to see how the paradox proposed by Pym can be explained from the point of view of Iranian translators. Using snowball sampling, twenty-two translators (all holding an MA or a PhD in Translation Studies) were selected. To collect data, semi-structured interviews were conducted. Interpretive analysis of the data revealed that there are numerous reasons that raise the status and role of translation and translators in the Iranian context, which were categorized under three broad categories, namely the limited target language (English), a preference for Persian over English and ideological issues. As regards the limited English language knowledge, the in-depth interviews showed that the younger generation’s proficiency is mostly confined to oral skills and cannot cover all aspects of the English language. In other cases, technical differences between the two languages were pointed out, which was taken as a barrier for feeling at ease with using English. Additionally, the pervasiveness of English words and phrases in society, and especially technological tools, makes people with little English proficiency feel the need for the translation of these foreign words and phrases. Another broad category concerns the preference of Iranians for Persian over English. Throughout the interviews, even PhD holders pointed out that they were not that much at ease with English, and some mentioned in the interviews that if they had both the English and the Persian version of a text, they would probably prefer the Persian version. Another reason for such preference was shown to be their lack of confidence in their knowledge of English even though they had an advanced level of understanding English texts/talks. The final category dealt with ideological issues at both macro- and micro-level. At the macro-level, some participants referred to the government policy that prioritizes the Persian language over foreign languages in society. At the micro-level, one participant believed that some individuals intentionally use Persian words and phrases to prevent the marginalization of the Persian language.
رصانة اللغّة العربية بين الماضي المجيد والمستقبل المشرق
Authors: ياسين سرى طه 
Published: May 2024

للغة العربية أهمية خاصة فهي لغة قديمة ظلت حية ،تتطور مع الوقت وذات قدرة عالية على التعبير عن شتى العلوم النظرية ، المدارس الفلسفية، وكل مايتعلق بالأدب. وقد اكتسبت أهمية أخرى عندما باتت لغة الدين الإسلامي لأن القرآن المجيد موحى بهذه اللغة واللغة العربية مرنة ، ثرية المفردات تقبل الكلمات الأجنبية وتشكل منها كلمات جديدة. وفي حين تختفي كثير من اللغات هذه الأيام لكن العربية واكبت التغيرات في العالم وحافظت على مجدها، وإن مستقبلها لن يختلف عن ماضيها.
يهود سوريا 1967-1974
Authors: عبدالله صالح حسن , خليل احمد إسماعيل 
Published: May 2024

ان اليهود عاشوا على ارض سوريا منذُ الالف الأول قبل الميلاد مثلهم مثل باقي طوائف المجتمع السوري بشكل عام والمجتمع العربي على نحو خاص، وقد تكون المجتمع السوري من مجاميع سكانية تختلف في انتماءاتها الدينية والمذهبية والاثنية، الى جانب الاختلاف في الأحوال الاجتماعية والاقتصادية والسياسية.
كان لقيام دولة (اسرائيل) عام 1948 وشدت النزاع الذي حدث بين العرب والإسرائيليين وهزيمة العرب في حرب الأيام الستة او ما تعرف بحرب حزيران 1967 وما نتج عنه من احتلال الجيش الإسرائيلي للأراضي السورية العربية(أراضي الجولان)، أدى هذا الامر الى ان تصبح سوريا في حالة حرب دائمة مع (اسرائيل) من اجل استرداد ارضها المغتصبة، أدى هذا الامر الى دفع سوريا الى فرض مجموعة من القيود على اليهود السوريين ومن هذه القيود هي منعهم من السفر خارج سوريا إضافة الى منعهم من التنقل بين المحافظات السورية الأخرى لخوفهم من التجسس على النظام الداخلي السوري لصالح الجيش الإسرائيلي، هذا الامر دفع (إسرائيل) والمنظمات اليهودية الصهيونية العالمية الى استغلال هذه الظروف لشن حملة إعلامية ضد سوريا اتهموها باضطهاد اليهود السوريين عنصرياً ودينياً واستخدامهم كرهائن في الصراع العربي الإسرائيلي.
Federal Development Institutions as a tool for ensuring economic security in the system of strategic planning of the region's economy: problems and prospects of development (on the example of the Far Eastern Federal District)
Authors: Eritsyan Grigor Arturovich 
Published: May 2024

The article examines the role of development institutions in ensuring the economic security of the state. Within the framework of this study, an analysis of the impact of the results of the activities of the Far East Development Corporation on the socio-economic indicators of the Far Eastern Federal District was carried out, based on the results of which the need to improve the existing model of strategic economic planning in order to improve the efficiency of regional economic management is considered. The object of the study is the socio-economic development of the Russian Far Eastern Federal District, the subject of the study is the role of federal development institutions in ensuring the socio-economic development of the Far Eastern Federal District. The purpose of the study is to substantiate the need to form a strategic planning system and a management system for development institutions that ensure the implementation of economic security priorities. In order to perform research tasks, the article uses both general scientific methods such as analysis, comparison, generalization, and specific ones, including methods of econometric modeling such as the construction of a multifactorial linear regression model. The results of the study demonstrate the relevance of the introduction of economic cybernetics into the system of strategic planning of the economy. The analysis of the results of the activities of the joint-stock company "Corporation for the Development of the Far East", which ensures the attraction of investments to the points of advanced development of the Far East, through the construction of a multifactorial linear regression model demonstrates the absence of influence of this development institution on the dynamics of the gross regional product of the regions of the Far Eastern Federal District. The problems of the system of strategic planning of the economy and the functioning of development institutions noted in the article actualize the need to improve the existing model of strategic planning of the economy. The existing model of planning for the development of socio-economic development and ensuring economic security is formed on the basis of economic policy instruments applied within the framework of a market economy, while in order to solve the existing problem of disproportionate socio-economic development in the country, which poses a threat to national security, it is necessary to introduce centralized planning mechanisms that ensure the achievement of the set results the account of the specified resources, the formation of which is possible due to the current level of development of digital technologies and artificial intelligence and the available theoretical and methodological base in the face of economic cybernetics.
ANALISA PERHITUNGAN SUSUT TEKNIS DI PT. PLN (PERSERO) RAYON SINGKIL
Authors: Syukri Syukri , Muliadi Muliadi , Akbar Ali 
Published: May 2024

<p class="Abstract" align="center"><strong>ABSTRACT</strong></p><p class="Abstract">PT. PLN (Persero) Rayon Singkil is working hard to carry out activities to reduce energy losses in the distribution network. There are two types of energy losses in the distribution network, namely technical losses and non-technical losses. This study of technical losses in Singkil rayon is discussed by approaching distribution asset data and load conditions using the Microsoft Excel program so that all data can be processed. Calculation of JTM losses, transformer losses, JTR losses, SR and APP losses. So the results obtained in Singkil Rayon with 4 feeders, namely in January 2023 were 10.4% with a composition of technical losses of 7.7% and non-technical losses of 2.7%, in February 2023 distribution losses were 8.6% with a technical loss composition of 7.8% and non-technical loss of 0.8%. Based on the calculation results, it makes it easier for PT. PLN (Persero) Rayon Singkil in analyzing and evaluating efforts that can be made to reduce distribution losses so that they become more efficient.</p><p> </p><p class="IndexTerms">Keywords: Distribution system, Electrical energy, Energy losses, Technical losses, Non-technical losses.</p><p> </p><p class="Abstract" align="center"><strong>ABSTRAK</strong></p><p class="Abstract">PT. PLN (Persero) Rayon Singkil sedang berupaya keras melaksanakan kegiatan-kegiatan dalam hal penekanan susut energi pada jaringan distribusi. Susut energi pada jaringan distribusi ada dua yaitu susut teknis dan susut non teknis. Kajian mengenai susut teknis pada rayon singkil ini dibahas dengan cara pendekatan data aset distribusi dan kondisi beban dengan menggunakan program Microsoft Excel sehingga semua data dapat diproses. Perhitungan susut JTM, sussut trafo, susut JTR, susut SR dan APP. Maka hasil yang didapatkan pada Rayon Singkil dengan 4 penyulang yaitu pada bulan Januari 2023 sebesar 10,4 % dengan komposisi susut teknis sebesar 7,7 % dan susut non teknis sebesar 2,7 %, pada bulan Februari 2023 susut distribusi sebesar 8,6 % dengan komposisi susut teknis sebesar 7,8 % dan susut non teknis sebesar 0,8 %. Berdasrkan hasil perhitungan memudahkan PT. PLN (Persero) Rayon Singkil dalam menganalisa dan mengevaluasi terhadap upaya yang dapat dilakukan untuk menurunkan susut distribusi sehingga menjadi lebih efisien.</p>