bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Coexistence of endometriosis and uterine septum in patients with abortion or infertility
Authors: Demir Berfu , Dilbaz Berna , Karadag Burak , Duraker Rafet , Akkurt Ozgur , Kocak Muberra , Goktolga Umit 
Published: July 2011

AbstractAim:  To investigate the coexistence of endometriosis and uterine septum patients whose complaints are abortion and infertility.Methods:  Ninety‐two patients with a uterine septum and 191 patients who had undergone diagnostic laparoscopy for infertility were reviewed. The incidence of endometriosis in patients with a uterine septum was compared with patients with a normal uterine cavity; then the incidence of endometriosis was compared in association with having a preoperative diagnosis of presumed unexplained infertility in women with a partial or complete uterine septum.Results:  There was no significant difference between the patients who had a uterine septum and those with a normal cavity in terms of the incidence of endometriosis (P = 0.39). Also, the incidence of endometriosis was not significantly different in patients who had a complete or partial uterine septum (P = 0.49). Endometriosis was observed in 8.7% of the patients who were presumed to have unexplained infertility in the complete uterine septum group and in 18.8% of the patients in the partial uterine septum group; but the difference was not statistically significant when complete and partial uterine septum groups were compared according to the type of infertility (partial uterine septum group, P = 0.13; complete uterine septum group, P = 0.28).Conclusion:  An increased incidence of endometriosis was not observed in patients with a septate uterus. The reason for infertility in women with a partial uterine septum may be related to endometriosis.
Short‐ and long‐term outcomes in babies born after antenatal magnesium treatment
Authors: Mitani Minoru , Matsuda Yoshio , Shimada Etsuko ,   Perinatal Research Network Group in Japan
Published: July 2011

AbstractAim:  To identify the prenatal events associated with adverse outcome in babies born at less than 32 weeks' gestation, including antenatal magnesium sulfate treatment.Methods:  A case–control study was performed to examine the effect of long‐term tocolysis with MgSO4. Long‐term neonatal and infantile adverse outcomes were defined as one of the following: intraventricular hemorrhage, periventricular leukomalacia, cerebral palsy and infantile death.Results:  Data were analyzed for 425 cases (236 who received magnesium sulfate and 189 control cases who did not). Perinatal deaths included 13 cases that had received magnesium (5.5%) and 17 control cases (9.0%). Long‐term neonatal and infantile adverse outcomes were noted in 80 cases. The factor associated with an increased risk of combined adverse outcome after adjustment for confounding effects was the administration of corticosteroids (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 0.47, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.27–0.81), but not magnesium sulfate (OR 0.82, 95% CI 0.48–1.40). In the subgroup that also received ritodrine (n = 315), magnesium sulfate was given to 195 cases. In this group, the factor associated with an increased risk of combined adverse outcome (n = 64) after adjustment for the confounding effects was also corticosteroids (adjusted OR 0.25, 95% CI 0.13–0.49), but magnesium sulfate was not associated with an increase in risk (OR 0.64, 95% CI 0.34–1.22).Conclusions:  Long‐term tocolysis with magnesium sulfate is not a significant factor related to the occurrence of neonatal and infantile adverse outcomes. Further study is needed to clarify the dose–response effect of magnesium sulfate.
Cardiac arrest upon induction of anesthesia in children with cardiomyopathy: an analysis of incidence and risk factors
Authors: Lynch Johanne , Pehora Carolyne , Holtby Helen , Schwarz Steven M. , Taylor Katherine 
Published: July 2011

SummaryIntroduction:  It is thought that patients with cardiomyopathy have an increased risk of cardiac arrest on induction of anesthesia, but there is little available data. The purpose of this study was to identify the incidence and potential risk factors for cardiac arrest upon induction of anesthesia in children with cardiomyopathy in our institution.Methods:  A retrospective chart review was performed. Eligible patients included patients admitted between 1998 and 2008 with the International Statistical Classification of Disease code for cardiomyopathy (ICD‐9 code 425) who underwent airway intervention for sedation or general anesthesia in the operating room, cardiac diagnostic and interventional unit (CDIU) or intensive care unit. Patients undergoing emergency airway intervention following cardiovascular collapse were excluded. For each patient, we recorded patient demographics, disease severity, anesthesia location, and anesthetic technique.Results:  One hundred and twenty‐nine patients with cardiomyopathy underwent a total of 236 anesthetic events, and four cardiac arrests were identified. One was related to bradycardia (HR < 60), two were attributed to bradycardia in association with severe hypotension (systolic blood pressure < 45), and the fourth arrest was related to isolated severe hypotension. Two occurred in the operating suite and two in the CDIU. There was no resulting mortality. One patient progressed to heart transplantation. Multiple combinations of anesthetic drugs were used for induction of anesthesia.Conclusion:  We performed a review of the last 10 years of anesthesia events in children with cardiomyopathy. We report four cardiac arrests in two patients and 236 anesthetic events (1.7%). To the best of our knowledge, this is the largest review of these patients to date but is limited by its retrospective nature. The low cardiac arrest incidence prevents the identification of risk factors and the development of a cardiac arrest risk predictive clinical tool.
Effect of intra‐observer variation in prostate volume measurement on prostate‐specific antigen density calculations among prostate cancer active surveillance participants
Authors: Ko Joan S. , Landis Patricia , Carter H. Ballentine , Partin Alan W. 
Published: July 2011

Study Type – Diagnostic (exploratory cohort)Level of Evidence 2bWhat’s known on the subject? and What does the study add?The Epstein criteria, which utilize prostate specific antigen density (PSAD) benchmarks, are recognized to be a reasonable method of selecting men for active surveillance of prostate cancer. Transrectal ultrasonography, however, may not be a sufficiently precise method of measuring prostate volume for the determination of PSAD. This study shows that despite impressive intra‐observer variability in transrectal ultrasonography guided prostate volume measurements, this variability typically does not affect the PSAD to an extent by which qualification for active surveillance would be altered.OBJECTIVE• To determine intra‐observer variability in transrectal ultrasonography (TRUS) guided prostate volume measurements in the Johns Hopkins active surveillance group and to establish whether or not this variability could affect prostate‐specific antigen density (PSAD) estimates in this cohort.PATIENTS AND METHODS• In all, 253 patients with a combined total of 1111 prostate biopsies underwent TRUS‐guided prostate volume measurements performed by the same physician at least three times over the course of their care.• Coefficients of variation (CV) were calculated for each set of measurements performed on each patient by the same physician, and average CVs were determined for each physician and for physicians overall. The CVs were correlated with the average of each patient’s measured prostate volumes to look for any trend.• Finally, measured prostate volumes were used with each patient’s initial prostate‐specific antigen (PSA) value to calculate PSAD to reveal whether or not the degree of variability found in these measurements would have led to PSADs that would have otherwise precluded qualification for active surveillance.RESULTS• The average CV for all sets of prostate volume data was 0.168. Average CVs for each physician ranged from 0.136 to 0.234.• However, actual CVs ranged anywhere from 0.013 to 0.549. The CVs were found to have no correlation with prostate volumes (Pearson correlation coefficient: 0.04).• In 95% of cases, variability in TRUS‐guided prostate volume measurement did not affect PSAD sufficiently to elicit a value greater than 0.15.CONCLUSIONS• Even among individuals who are highly experienced in TRUS‐guided prostate volume measurement, significant intra‐observer variation exists. However, this variability is not enough to affect one’s eligibility for prostate cancer active surveillance when PSAD criteria are used.• The TRUS‐guided prostate volume measurements remain a reliable method of assessing PSAD in patients with prostate cancer.
THE BENEFIT OF REDUCED COMPETITION AND THE COST OF INFORMATION RENT UNDER OUTSOURCING
Authors: Hamada Kojun 
Published: July 2011

ABSTRACTWe analyse the cost and benefit of outsourcing with adverse selection in a duopoly by comparing outsourcing with in‐house production in terms of the manufacturer’s expected profit. When two manufacturers faced with ex ante cost uncertainty compete in a differentiated duopoly, outsourcing brings about a benefit in terms of reduced competition, while it entails the cost of information rent. We show that the manufacturers always choose in‐house production in Cournot and Bertrand competition, when outsourcing and in‐house production follow the same ex ante cost distribution. When the manufacturers compete in Cournot fashion, the cost of information rent always exceeds the benefit of reduced competition under outsourcing. On the other hand, when they compete in Bertrand fashion, it is possible that even if the benefit of outsourcing exceeds the cost, both manufacturers cannot choose outsourcing.
Amantadine attenuates levodopa‐induced dyskinesia in mice and rats preventing the accompanying rise in nigral GABA levels
Authors: Bido Simone , Marti Matteo , Morari Michele 
Published: July 2011

J. Neurochem. (2011) 118, 1043–1055.AbstractAmantadine is the only drug marketed for treating levodopa‐induced dyskinesia. However, its impact on basal ganglia circuitry in the dyskinetic brain, particularly on the activity of striatofugal pathways, has not been evaluated. We therefore used dual probe microdialysis to investigate the effect of amantadine on behavioral and neurochemical changes in the globus pallidus and substantia nigra reticulata of 6‐hydroxydopamine hemi‐lesioned dyskinetic mice and rats. Levodopa evoked abnormal involuntary movements (AIMs) in dyskinetic mice, and simultaneously elevated GABA release in substantia nigra reticulata (∼3‐fold) but not globus pallidus. Glutamate levels were unaffected in both areas. Amantadine (40 mg/kg, i.p.), ineffective alone, attenuated (∼50%) AIMs expression and prevented the GABA rise. Moreover, it unraveled a facilitatory effect of levodopa on pallidal glutamate levels. Levodopa also evoked AIMs expression and a GABA surge (∼2‐fold) selectively in the substantia nigra of dyskinetic rats. However, different from mice, glutamate levels rose simultaneously. Amantadine, ineffective alone, attenuated (∼50%) AIMs expression preventing amino acid increase and leaving unaffected pallidal glutamate. Overall, the data provide neurochemical evidence that levodopa‐induced dyskinesia is accompanied by activation of the striato‐nigral pathway in both mice and rats, and that the anti‐dyskinetic effect of amantadine partly relies on the modulation of this pathway.
The dynamics of issue competence and vote for parties in and out of power: An analysis of valence in Britain, 1979–1997
Authors: GREEN JANE , JENNINGS WILL 
Published: July 2011

AbstractThis article develops the reward‐punishment issue model of voting using a newly collated aggregate measure of issue competence in Britain between 1971 and 1997, revealing systematic differences between governing and opposition parties in the way citizens' evaluations of party competence are related to vote intention. Using monthly Gallup ‘best party to handle the most important problem’ and vote intention data, time series Granger‐causation tests give support to a classic issue reward‐punishment model for incumbents. However, for opposition parties this reward‐punishment model does not hold: macro‐issue competence evaluations are Granger‐caused by changes in vote choice or governing party competence. An explanation is offered based upon the differentiating role of policy performance and informational asymmetries, and the implications are considered for comparative studies of voting, public opinion and for political party competition.
Personality Assessment Inventory among patients with psychogenic seizures and those with epilepsy
Authors: Marc Testa S. , Lesser Ronald P. , Krauss Gregory L. , Brandt Jason 
Published: July 2011

SummaryThe Personality Assessment Inventory (PAI) is a widely used self‐report questionnaire designed to detect and quantify dimensions of adult psychopathology. Previous studies that examined the ability of the PAI to differentiate between patients with psychogenic nonepileptic seizures (PNES) and those with epilepsy (EPIL) have yielded inconsistent results. We compared the full PAI profiles of 62 patients with PNES, 55 with EPIL, and 45 normal control (NC) participants to determine the diagnostic accuracy of the PAI. We also sought to highlight psychopathologic symptoms that may inform psychological treatment of patients with PNES or epilepsy. PNES and EPIL patients reported more somatic concerns and symptoms of anxiety and depression than did NC persons. PNES patients reported more unusual somatic symptoms, as well as greater physical symptoms of anxiety and depression than did patients with EPIL. Classification accuracy of the “NES Indicator” was not much better than chance, whereas the Conversion subscale alone had reasonable sensitivity (74%) and specificity (67%). Overall, the PAI demonstrated only moderate classification accuracy in an epilepsy monitoring unit sample. However, the inventory appears to identify specific psychopathological symptoms that may be targets of psychological/psychiatric intervention.
Supernumerary phantom limb as a rare symptom of epileptic seizures—case report and literature review
Authors: Millonig Alban , Bodner Thomas , Donnemiller Eveline , Wolf Elisabeth , Unterberger Iris 
Published: July 2011

SummarySupernumerary phantom limbs, that is, the awareness of an illusory extra limb is a fascinating neurologic symptom that has been described in a number of neurologic diseases including stroke, spinal injury, and epilepsy. Herein we report a case of a 70‐year‐old male patient with new‐onset focal seizures with left‐sided supernumerary phantom arm and leg as the only seizure manifestation. Ictal single‐photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) revealed a hyperperfusion in the right temporoparietal junction and allowed localization of the seizure‐onset zone. This report is accompanied by a discussion of phenomenology and terminology in the context of existing literature.
Catastrophe Bonds, Reinsurance, and the Optimal Collateralization of Risk Transfer
Authors: Lakdawalla Darius , Zanjani George 
Published: July 2011

AbstractCatastrophe bonds feature full collateralization of the underlying risk transfer and thus abandon the reinsurance principle of economizing on collateral through diversification of risk transfer. Our analysis demonstrates that this feature places limits on catastrophe bond penetration, even if the structure possesses frictional cost advantages over reinsurance. However, we also show that catastrophe bonds have important uses when buyers and reinsurers cannot contract over the division of assets in the event of insolvency and, more generally, cannot write contracts with a full menu of state‐contingent payments. In this environment, segregation of collateral—in the form of multiple reinsurance companies, as well as catastrophe bond vehicles—can ameliorate inefficiencies due to reinsurance contracting constraints by improving welfare for those exposed to default risk. Numerical simulation illustrates how catastrophe bonds improve efficiency in market niches with correlated risks, or with uneven exposure of buyers to reinsurer default.
Whole Farm Income Insurance
Authors: Turvey Calum G. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractThis article employs a mathematical programming model to investigate farmers’ optimal crop choices under gross revenue insurance, whole farm income insurance (WFI), the Canadian Agricultural Income Stabilization (CAIS) program, and its modified 2008 program AgrInvest. WFI poses a particularly interesting problem since the indemnity/premium structure is dependent upon the choice of crops, whereas the choice of crops is simultaneously influenced by the presence of the whole farm insurance program. Results indicate that farmers will alter farm plans significantly in response to the type of insurance offered and the level of subsidy.
Effects of induced diabetes and the administration of aminoguanidine in the biomechanical retention of implants: a study in rats
Authors: Guimarães R. P. , de Oliveira P. A. D. , Oliveira A. M. S. D. 
Published: July 2011

Guimarães RP, de Oliveira PAD, Oliveira AMSD. Effects of induced diabetes and the administration of aminoguanidine in the biomechanical retention of implants: a study in rats. J Periodont Res 2011; 46: 691–696. © 2011 John Wiley & Sons A/SBackground and Objective:  The present study aimed to assess the effects of induced diabetes and the administration of aminoguanidine in the biomechanical retention of implants in rats.Material and Methods:  Thirty‐six rats were randomly divided into six groups: group 1, healthy rats (no aminoguanidine); group 2 and group 3, healthy rats receiving 10 and 20 mg/kg of aminoguanidine daily, respectively; group 4, diabetic rats (no aminoguanidine); and group 5 and group 6, diabetic rats receiving 10 and 20 mg/kg of aminoguanidine daily, respectively. In each rat an implant was inserted in the femur. After 28 d of healing, the rats were killed. The implants were removed by applying a counter‐torque, and the maximum force required for the rupture of the bone–implant interface was recorded using an analog torque meter. The data were evaluated using analysis of variance and the Student’s t‐test.Results:  In the healthy groups, no statistically significant difference could be observed in the average counter‐torque values for implant removal, whereas in the diabetic groups, a daily dose of 20 mg/kg of aminoguanidine raised the counter‐torque values to the values found in healthy rats.Conclusion:  The administration of 20 mg/kg of aminoguanidine daily in diabetic rats raised the biomechanical retention of the implants to the level observed in the healthy rat group.
QUALITY AND STORAGE STABILITY OF CHICKEN MEAT PATTIES INCORPORATED WITH LINSEED OIL
Authors: SINGH RIPUDAMAN , CHATLI MANISH KUMAR , BISWAS ASHIM KUMAR , SAHOO J. 
Published: July 2011

ABSTRACTLow‐fat (<10% total fat) chicken meat patties (CMP) with different levels of linseed oil (LO) i.e., 0, 2, 3 and 4% (control, T1, T2 and T3) were evaluated for their nutritive, processing, textural and storage qualities. The cooking yield, fat and moisture retention were comparable in control and LO‐treated products. The dimensional parameters were better maintained for T2 among the LO treatments. The sensory panelists rated T2 as the best among treatments with comparable sensory attributes to control patties. The selected 3% level of LO was compared with the control for color, texture and fatty acid profile. The lightness (L*) and redness (a*) values were significantly (P < 0.05) less, whereas yellowness (b*) was significantly (P < 0.05) higher for the developed CMP than the control. The chewiness value was higher in control, whereas firmness and springiness were comparable in both the products. The total saturated fatty acid (SFA) content was significantly (P < 0.05) decreased, whereas α‐linolenic acid increased significantly (P < 0.05) in the developed CMP. The ratio of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and SFAs was increased, whereas n‐6/n‐3 decreased in developed CMP. CMP with 3% LO remained physicochemically and microbiologically stable with some deterioration in sensory attributes during aerobic refrigerated (4 ± 1C) storage of 25 days.PRACTICAL APPLICATIONSLO is a rich source of omega‐3 fatty acid and is used in the feed of the meat animals for nutritionally better quality meat, which requires long period of rearing and is costly. However, the direct incorporation of LO in the processed meat products poses various technological problems. Therefore, the efficacy of LO as a partial substitute of vegetable oil in the low‐fat omega‐3‐enriched meat products was assessed. The developed processing technology can be commercially exploited for the development of functional/health‐oriented meat products with low fat and low energy, rich in omega‐3 fatty acid, and balanced in PUFA and SFA ratio.
Omalizumab in patients with severe asthma: the XCLUSIVE study
Authors: Schumann Christian , Kropf Cornelia , Wibmer Thomas , Rüdiger Stefan , Stoiber Kathrin Magdalena , Thielen Antje , Rottbauer Wolfgang , Kroegel Claus 
Published: July 2011

AbstractBackground and Aims:  Although the efficacy and safety of omalizumab (OMA) in uncontrolled severe allergic asthma has been demonstrated in several randomised controlled trials (RCTs), information on the treatment in a practice‐related setting is limited. Thus, the purpose of this prospective multi‐centre study (XCLUSIVE) was to investigate the efficacy, compliance and utilisation of OMA therapy in real‐life clinical practice in Germany.Methods:  One hundred ninety‐five asthmatic patients initiated on anti‐Immunoglobulin E (IgE) IgE treatment were followed‐up for 6 months. Forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1), exacerbation rate, days of absence, asthma symptoms [Asthma Control Questionnaire (ACQ)], a Global Evaluation of Treatment Effectiveness (GETE) and medication use were assessed.Results:  Measured outcome variables improved after a 16‐week treatment period with OMA (FEV1+13.7% predicted P < 0.05, exacerbation rate −74.9% P < 0.0001, days of absence −92.1% P < 0.001, ACQ −43.7% P < 0.0001). Investigators evaluated the effectiveness of OMA by GETE in 78.8% as excellent or good (responder), and in 12.6%/8.6% as moderate/poor or worse (non‐responder). Responders demonstrated better improvement of FEV1, exacerbation rate, days of absence, ACQ and reduction of oral corticosteroids compared with non‐responders.Conclusion:  Results of effectiveness strongly suggest that the efficacy demonstrated in RCTs can be transposed to a clinical practice‐related setting.Please cite this paper as: Schumann C, Kropf C, Wibmer T, Rüdiger S, Stoiber KM, Thielen A, Rottbauer W and Kroegel C. Omalizumab in patients with severe asthma: the XCLUSIVE study. Clin Respir J 2011; DOI:10.1111/j.1752‐699X.2011.00263.x.