bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Abstract PO1-06-01: Clinical Efficacy of Tumor Organoid-Guided Cancer Therapy for Locally Advanced Unresectable or Metastatic Breast Cancer
Authors: Lin Ying-Yi , Gao Hong-Fei , Li Hong , Du Bo-Lei , Cheng Min-Yi , Zou Jia-Chen , Zheng Xing-xing , Zhu Teng , Li Ting-Ting , Li Sheng , Wang Kun 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Purpose: Patient-derived organoids (PDOs) may facilitate treatment selection, but the feasibility of using breast cancer PDOs to guide personalized treatment in clinical practice has not been fully investigated. This study aimed to assess the clinical efficacy of treatment guided by PDO drug sensitivity tests (OGT) versus treatment of physician’s choice (TPC) in patients with locally advanced unresectable or metastatic breast cancer (MBC) and to explore the potential of PDOs to reveal mechanisms underlying treatment resistance. Methods: Patients diagnosed with MBC were recruited between January 2020 and August 2022. PDOs were established from biopsies specimens or malignant effusion samples. The efficacy of customized drug panels was determined by measuring cell mortality after drug exposure. Patients receiving OGT were matched 1:2 by nearest neighbor propensity scores with patients receiving TPC. The primary clinical outcome was progression-free survival. Secondary outcomes included objective response rate and disease control rate. Targeted gene sequencing and pathway enrichment analysis were performed. Results: 46 PDOs (46 of 51, 90.2%) were generated from 45 MBC patients. PDO drug screening showed an accuracy of 81.1% (95% CI 67.6%-91.9%) in predicting patients' clinical responses. 36 OGT patients were matched to 69 TPC patients. OGT was associated with prolonged median progression-free survival (11.0 months vs 5.0 months; unadjusted hazard ratio 0.53 [95% CI 0.33-0.85]; P=0.01) and improved disease control (88.9% vs 63.8%; unadjusted odd ratio 4.26 [1.44-18.62]) compared with TPC. The objective response rate of both groups was similar. Pathway enrichment analysis uncovered differentially modulated pathways implicated in DNA repair and transcriptional regulation in patients less sensitive to capecitabine/gemcitabine, and pathways associated with cell cycle regulation in patients less sensitive to palbociclib. Conclusions: MBC patients treated with OGT were associated with superior progression-free survival and disease control compared with TPC. PDO-based functional precision medicine is a feasible strategy for treatment optimization and customization in MBC and may enhance our understanding of therapeutic resistance.
Citation Format: Ying-Yi Lin, Hong-Fei Gao, Hong Li, Bo-Lei Du, Min-Yi Cheng, Jia-Chen Zou, Xing-xing Zheng, Teng Zhu, Ting-Ting Li, Sheng Li, Kun Wang. Clinical Efficacy of Tumor Organoid-Guided Cancer Therapy for Locally Advanced Unresectable or Metastatic Breast Cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2023 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2023 Dec 5-9; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2024;84(9 Suppl):Abstract nr PO1-06-01.
Transcriptome Deconvolution Reveals Absence of Cancer Cell Expression Signature in Immune Checkpoint Blockade Response
Authors: Guo Yu Amanda , Kulshrestha Tanmay , Chang Mei Mei , Kassam Irfahan , Revkov Egor , Rizzetto Simone , Tan Aaron C. , Tan Daniel S.W. , Tan Iain Beehuat , Skanderup Anders J. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Immune checkpoint therapy (ICB) has conferred significant and durable clinical benefit to some patients with cancer. However, most patients do not respond to ICB, and reliable biomarkers of ICB response are needed to improve patient stratification. Here, we performed a transcriptome-wide meta-analysis across 1,486 tumors from ICB-treated patients and tumors with expected ICB outcomes based on microsatellite status. Using a robust transcriptome deconvolution approach, we inferred cancer- and stroma-specific gene expression differences and identified cell-type specific features of ICB response across cancer types. Consistent with current knowledge, stromal expression of CXCL9, CXCL13, and IFNG were the top determinants of favorable ICB response. In addition, we identified a group of potential immune-suppressive genes, including FCER1A, associated with poor response to ICB. Strikingly, PD-L1 expression in stromal cells, but not cancer cells, is correlated with ICB response across cancer types. Furthermore, the unbiased transcriptome-wide analysis failed to identify cancer-cell intrinsic expression signatures of ICB response conserved across tumor types, suggesting that cancer cells lack tissue-agnostic transcriptomic features of ICB response.

Significance:
Our results challenge the prevailing dogma that cancer cells present tissue-agnostic molecular markers that modulate immune activity and ICB response, which has implications on the development of improved ICB diagnostics and treatments.
Call It Translation: Henry Roth in Spain, or Translating the Multilingual Novel
Authors: Lonsdale Laura 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
This article analyses Henry Roth’s Jewish-American novel and modernist masterpiece Call It Sleep (1934) and its long-forgotten translation into Spanish during the Francoist dictatorship. Through a combination of detective work and critical analysis, including comparisons with a later and more creative translation, the article shows how the bowdlerising of Roth’s text reveals, by contrast or inversion, the complexity of the text’s multilingual operations. Developing both the theoretical and practical implications of this analysis, the article draws out the thematic underpinnings of the novel’s style, examining the forms of difference that turn the encounter between languages into a unique mode of expression.
Presoaking Grafts in Vancomycin Does Not Impair Graft-Bone Healing in a Rat Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction Model
Authors: Yoshida Ryu , Koga Hideyuki , Matsuda Junpei , Nakamura Tomomasa , Miyatake Kazumasa , Katagiri Hiroki , Katakura Mai , Yoshihara Aritoshi , Seki Ryota , Katsumata Toyohiro , Mizuno Mitsuru , Watanabe Ken , Sekiya Ichiro , Tsuji Kunikazu , Nakagawa Yusuke 
Published: May 2024

Background: The vancomycin presoaking technique (wherein grafts are treated with a vancomycin solution [VS] for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction [ACLR]) reduces the infection rate after ACLR. However, the effects of this technique on graft-bone healing have not been fully elucidated. Purpose: To investigate the effects of vancomycin presoaking on graft-bone healing in a rat ACLR model. Study Design: Controlled laboratory study. Methods: Long flexor digitorum longus tendons were obtained from 9 Wistar rats, and each was randomly allocated to the normal saline (NS) or VS groups. The grafts were immersed in sterile saline for 30 minutes in the NS group and in a 5-mg/mL VS in the VS group. The presence of time-zero graft bacterial contamination was confirmed, and the grafts were incubated in Fluidised Thioglycollate Broth for 2 weeks. ACLR was performed on the right knees of 65 male Wistar rats using the flexor digitorum longus tendons. Each graft was similarly treated. Biomechanical testing, micro–computed tomography, and histological evaluations were performed 4 and 12 weeks postoperatively. Results: The VS group showed significantly reduced graft contamination at time zero ( P = .02). The mean maximum loads to failure were 13.7 ± 8.2 N and 11.6 ± 4.8 N in the NS and VS groups, respectively, at 4 weeks ( P = .95); and 23.2 ± 13.2 N and 30.4 ± 18.0 N in the NS and VS groups, respectively, at 12 weeks ( P = .35). Regarding micro–computed tomography, the mean bone tunnel volumes were 3.76 ± 0.48 mm3 and 4.40 ± 0.58 mm3 in the NS and VS groups, respectively, at 4 weeks ( P = .41); and 3.51 ± 0.38 mm3 and 3.67 ± 0.35 mm3 in the NS and VS groups, respectively, at 12 weeks ( P = .54). Histological semiquantitative examination revealed no clear between-group differences at any time point. Conclusion: Presoaking grafts in vancomycin in a rat ACLR model demonstrated no discernible adverse effects on short- and midterm biomechanical, radiological, and histological investigations. Clinical Relevance: The findings provide guidance for surgeons when considering this technique.
Developing Policy Infrastructure to Guide Genomics-Informed Oncology Nursing in Canada: An Interpretive Descriptive Study
Authors: Chiu Patrick , Limoges Jacqueline , Puddester Rebecca , Gretchev Andrea , Carlsson Lindsay , Leslie Kathleen , Flaming Don , Meyer Ann , Pike April 
Published: May 2024

Background Genomic technologies such as genetic testing and precision treatments are rapidly becoming routine in oncology care, and nurses play an increasingly important role in supporting the growing demands for genomics-informed healthcare. Policy infrastructure such as competencies, standards, scope of practice statements, and education and curriculum frameworks are urgently needed to guide these practice and education changes. Purpose This study is part of a larger three-phase project to develop recommendations and catalyze action for genomics-informed oncology nursing education and practice for the Canadian Association of Nurses in Oncology and the Canadian Association of Schools of Nursing. This phase aimed to enhance understanding of policy needs and action drivers for genomics-informed oncology nursing education and practice through the perspectives of Canadian oncology nurses and patient partners. Methods Interpretive description methodology guided the study. Twenty semi-structured virtual interviews were conducted; 17 with oncology nurses in various domains of practice, and three with patient partner representatives. Data collection and analysis occurred concurrently. Results Our analysis identified three themes: 1) nurses and patients recognize that it is time for action, 2) nurses and patients see advantages to executing intentional, strategic, and collaborative policy development, and 3) leadership and advocacy are required to drive action. Conclusion Nursing policy infrastructure is required to increase genomic literacy, support nurses in providing safe patient care, and establish clear roles, responsibilities, and accountabilities within the interdisciplinary team. Strong leadership and advocacy at the practice, organizational, and systems levels are vital to accelerating action.
Rentierism—Political Instability Nexus: The Danger of Oil-producing Region Crisis in Nigeria
Authors: Fagbemi Fisayo , Fajingbesi Adeyemi 
Published: May 2024

The growing popularity of the rentier state theory has made the focus on the impact of oil rents on political stability central for revealing how natural resource (including oil) windfalls link to the weakness of institutional quality in any resource-rich economy. Considering the core characteristic of a rentier state (such as Nigeria)—a distributive political economy—the article examines how the stability of Nigerian political system can be affected by oil rents over the period 1996–2021. Through the adoption of autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) bounds test to cointegration and vector error correction mechanism (VECM) for the test of long-run causality, the apparent effect of oil rents on Nigerian political development is reflected in the analyses and findings. Empirical evidence supports the oil impedes political stability assertion, as there is statistically valid negative association between oil rents and political stability in the short run and long run. It is demonstrated that oil wealth could offer greater incentives for civil conflicts, which have resulted in escalating political problems. In addition, the causality mechanism implies that the relationship found merely indicates association between oil rents and the level of political stability in the long term, and it is not causal. Thus, it is posited that through the adoption and implementation of sound policy measures, the escalation of conflicts would likely subside, especially in most oil-rich regions or states, whereas civil order could be promoted. It is, therefore, critical to enhancing fairness in the use and distribution of oil wealth, improving people’s welfare, particularly in the oil-producing communities and in general, ensuring that democratic principles in the management of resource windfalls are sustained. JEL: Q33, Q34, H56, H12
Evaluating Fibular Intramedullary Nails vs Traditional Plating in Geriatric Ankle Fractures: A 12-Year Single-Center Retrospective Study
Authors: Lin Yiyun , Gao Jie , Zheng Huayong , Guo Yongzhi , Liu Zhi , Sun Tiansheng 
Published: May 2024

Background: This study evaluates the outcomes of fibular intramedullary nails (IMNs) compared to traditional plates and screws (PS) in the surgical treatment of unstable ankle injuries in patients aged ≥65 years. Method: We conducted a retrospective study involving 32 elderly patients with unstable ankle fractures treated with IMNs from 2010 to 2022. A comparison was made with 125 case-control patients treated with PS during the same period. Outcomes compared included postoperative wound and nonwound complications, surgical reduction, union rates, implant removal rates, and the Olerud Molander Ankle Score (OMAS) at a minimum follow-up of 2 years. Results: The IMN group had a higher incidence of high-energy injuries, open fractures, concomitant surgery, and perioperative transfusion requirements than the PS group. Additionally, the IMN group developed fewer wound-related (3.1% vs 20% in the PS group, P = .043) and non–wound-related complications (18.8% vs 39.2% in the PS group, P = .030). Both groups had similar initial weightbearing restrictions, fracture union times, mean OMAS scores, rates of malunion or nonunion, and delayed implant removal times. Notably, there were significant differences in the quality and adequacy of mortise alignment between the groups (good: 53.1% in IMN group vs 79.2% in PS group, fair: 46.9% in IMN group vs 20.8% in PS group, P = .006). Conclusion: Although the IMN group had an inferior outcome in the quality and adequacy of mortise reduction compared with the PS group, elderly patients with ankle fractures treated with IMN showed comparable functional outcomes to those treated with PS but with lower complication rates. Future research in this area will provide vital information for developing optimal treatment strategies, thereby improving the overall care of elderly patients with ankle fractures.
Comparison of Lateral and Central Achilles Tendon–Splitting Approaches in the Treatment of Haglund Deformity
Authors: Kilic Enver , Bingol Olgun , Ozdemir Guzelali , Deveci Alper , Durgal Atahan , Karahan Taha Esref 
Published: May 2024

Background: This study aimed to compare the complications and outcomes of lateral and central Achilles tendon–splitting approaches for the treatment of Haglund syndrome. Methods: Patients who underwent surgery for Haglund syndrome between June 2012 and June 2022 were included in the study. Patients undergoing lateral approach surgery were included in group 1, whereas patients undergoing central Achilles tendon-splitting approach surgery were included in group 2. Surgical outcomes of the patients were evaluated using the American Orthopaedic Foot & Ankle Society (AOFAS) ankle hindfoot scale, visual analog pain scale (VAS), and Victorian Institute of Sport Assessment–Achilles (VISAA) scores. In addition, preoperative and final follow-up scores were compared. Results: The study included 66 patients: 32 (14 females, 18 males) underwent surgery using the lateral approach in group 1, whereas in group 2, 34 patients (18 females, 16 males) underwent surgery using the central Achilles tendon–splitting approach. There was a significant statistical difference in the AOFAS, VISAA, and VAS scores between preoperative and final follow-up for both group 1 and group 2 ( P < .001, P < .001, P < .001, P < .001, respectively). Group 1 had a small (0.76) relative increase in VAS score compared with group 2 ( P = .033). There was no significant difference between the complication rates of group 1 and group 2. Conclusion: In our study, we found the lateral approach and central Achilles tendon–splitting approaches to be safe and effective in the surgical treatment of Haglund syndrome without clinically meaningful differences in outcomes or complication rates.
Review of drug-drug interactions in patients with prostate cancer
Authors: Ruplin Andrew , Segal Eve , McFarlane Tom 
Published: May 2024

Objective The objective of this review is to provide an overview of common drug-drug interactions (DDIs) associated with prostate cancer treatments and outline recommendations for managing polypharmacy. Data sources A literature search of PubMed, Embase, and CINAHL was carried out to identify pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic changes caused by DDIs that are relevant for prostate cancer patients, DDIs between prostate cancer therapies and co-administered medications (both prescription and over-the-counter), and measures to prevent DDIs. Medication package inserts were used to identify the impact of DDI on the prostate cancer therapy and suggested interventions. Data summary No DDIs are expected for the LHRH agonists leuprolide acetate, histrelin, goserelin, or leuprolide mesylate. However, DDIs have been reported for GnRH antagonists, anti-androgens, PARP inhibitors, and taxanes. Although there are no confirmed DDIs for sipuleucel-T to date, it is not generally recommended to use sipuleucel-T concurrently with immunosuppressive medications. Interventions to prevent DDIs include the use of software that can detect clinically significant DDIs, up-to-date medication reconciliation, the inclusion of dedicated clinical pharmacists in cancer treatment teams, and patient/caregiver education. Conclusions Prostate cancer patients have a high risk of potential DDIs due to numerous new anti-cancer therapies, the increased use of treatment combinations, and the likelihood of comorbid conditions also requiring drug therapy. Drug-drug interaction screening software, up-to-date medication reconciliation, inclusion of oncology pharmacists on healthcare teams, and patient/caregiver education will aid the development of treatment plans that focus on achieving an optimal risk-benefit profile whilst reducing the risk of DDIs.
Charcot Foot: An Update on Diagnosis, Treatment, and Areas of Uncertainty
Authors: Rebelos Eleni , Siafarikas Christos , Tentolouris Nikolaos , Jude Edward B. 
Published: May 2024

Background and aims Charcot neuroosteoarthropathy (CN) is considered a rare complication of diabetic neuropathy. Due to its insidious mode of presentation, CN may be difficult to diagnose timely and a high index of suspicion is required from both, the diabetic patient (especially those with neuropathy) and their physicians for the early diagnosis and treatment to prevent major complications. Methods We planned a narrative review and searched MEDLINE database to identify evidence regarding CN incidence, treatment options, and recent guidelines. As practitioners do not commonly treat CN, a characteristic clinical case is also presented. Results The available evidence for diagnosis and treatment remains of low quality. On the one hand, there is an urgent need for action to increase awareness of the disease in both practitioners and people with diabetes. On the other hand, prospective nationwide registries of patients with diabetic neuropathy will help clarify the prognostic factors that may predispose to this complication, and more randomized clinical trials are needed to identify whether medical treatment may improve CN outcomes. For the time being, offloading of the foot to stop the perpetuation of trauma, and inflammation, and importantly to arrest the progression to a deformed nonfunctional foot is the cornerstone of medical therapy of CN. Multidisciplinary assessment between diabetologists and radiologists is fundamental for prompt diagnosis. Conclusions To avoid potentially deleterious delays in diagnosis and treatment, every physician should bear in mind that every patient with diabetic neuropathy presenting with a warm swollen foot should be treated as having CN until proven otherwise.
A giant parathyroid cyst causing primary hyperparathyroidism in a pregnant woman: Case report and literature review
Authors: Paz-Ibarra José , Concepción-Zavaleta Marcio José , Coronado-Arroyo Julia Cristina , Quiroz-Aldave Juan Eduardo , Pino-Godoy Pavel , Díaz-Lazo Hubertino , Chávez-Torres Himelda , Carrión-Cabezas Pamela , Somocurcio-Peralta José 
Published: May 2024

Introduction Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) during pregnancy is rare, with the commonest cause being parathyroid adenoma. Parathyroid cysts represent 0.5% of parathyroid lesions. The diagnosis of PHPT requires elevated levels of calcium, along with elevated or non-suppressed parathormone levels. Conservative treatment prevails unless hypercalcemia persists. Case A 33-week pregnant woman with preeclampsia and a cervical tumor was diagnosed with PHPT due to a functioning cystic adenoma. She underwent a caesarean section at 36 weeks, delivering a low-birthweight live newborn. Six months post-caesarean section the patient underwent right inferior parathyroidectomy and right hemithyroidectomy, with histopathological findings consistent with a giant cyst parathyroid adenoma. At review three months. after surgery, there are no signs of the persistence of the disease. Conclusion A giant functional parathyroid cyst causing PHPT and being identified in pregnancy is exceedingly rare. It is crucial to have a timely multidisciplinary diagnosis and management to avoid maternal and fetal complications.