bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Circadian variation of breakthrough pain in cancer patients
Authors: Saini A. , Tucci M. , Tampellini M. , Maina D. , Bouraouia K. , Giuliano P.L. , Termine A. , Castellano M. , Campagna S. , Laciura P. , Berruti A. 
Published: June 2012

AbstractBackgroundBreakthrough cancer pain (BTP) can place physical, psychological and economic burdens on patients and their productive life. By preventing instead of treating BTP after it occurs, the efficacy of analgesic treatment in cancer patients could be maximized. With this study, we investigated circadian variations in the occurrence of BTP events in cancer patients.MethodsThe circadian variation of BTP was assessed in two different series (group 1, n = 47; group 2, n = 76) of advanced cancer patients suffering from severe chronic pain and undergoing analgesic treatment with major opioids.ResultsBTP episodes showed a circadian pattern, with an acrophase occurring at 10:00 a.m. (p < 0.001) in all patients. When the two series of patients were considered separately, an acrophase was similarly observed, with 60% of BTP episodes recorded between 10:00 a.m. and 6:00 p.m. The circadian rhythm of BTP was maintained after stratifying the patients according to whether they had bone metastases or visceral metastases. BTP episodes negatively correlated with quality of life.ConclusionsBTP onset follows a circadian rhythm, with an acrophase occurring in the late morning.
Increased expression of a set of genes enriched in oxygen binding function discloses a predisposition of breast cancer bone metastases to generate metastasis spread in multiple organs
Authors: Capulli Mattia , Angelucci Adriano , Driouch Keltouma , Garcia Teresa , Clement-Lacroix Philippe , Martella Francesco , Ventura Luca , Bologna Mauro , Flamini Stefano , Moreschini Oreste , Lidereau Rosette , Ricevuto Enrico , Muraca Maurizio , Teti Anna , Rucci Nadia 
Published: June 2012

Abstract
Bone is the preferential site of distant metastasis in breast carcinoma (BrCa). Patients with metastasis restricted to bone (BO) usually show a longer overall survival compared to patients who rapidly develop multiple metastases also involving liver and lung. Hence, molecular predisposition to generate bone and visceral metastases (BV) represents a clear indication of poor clinical outcome. We performed microarray analysis with two different chip platforms, Affymetrix and Agilent, on bone metastasis samples from BO and BV patients. The unsupervised hierarchical clustering of the resulting transcriptomes correlated with the clinical progression, segregating the BO from the BV profiles. Matching the twofold significantly regulated genes from Affymetrix and Agilent chips resulted in a 15-gene signature with 13 upregulated and two downregulated genes in BV versus BO bone metastasis samples. In order to validate the resulting signature, we isolated different MDA-MB-231 clonal subpopulations that metastasize only in the bone (MDA-BO) or in bone and visceral tissues (MDA-BV). Six of the signature genes were also significantly upregulated in MDA-BV compared to MDA-BO clones. A group of upregulated genes, including Hemoglobin B (HBB), were involved in oxygen metabolism, and in vitro functional analysis of HBB revealed that its expression in the MDA subpopulations was associated with a reduced production of hydrogen peroxide. Expression of HBB was detected in primary BrCa tissue but not in normal breast epithelial cells. Metastatic lymph nodes were frequently more positive for HBB compared to the corresponding primary tumors, whereas BO metastases had a lower expression than BV metastases, suggesting a positive correlation between HBB and ability of bone metastasis to rapidly spread to other organs. We propose that HBB, along with other genes involved in oxygen metabolism, confers a more aggressive metastatic phenotype in BrCa cells disseminated to bone. © 2012 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Clopidogrel (Plavix), a P2Y12 receptor antagonist, inhibits bone cell function in vitro and decreases trabecular bone in vivo
Authors: Syberg Susanne , Brandao-Burch Andrea , Patel Jessal J , Hajjawi Mark , Arnett Timothy R , Schwarz Peter , Jorgensen Niklas R , Orriss Isabel R 
Published: June 2012

Abstract
Clopidogrel (Plavix), a selective P2Y12 receptor antagonist, is widely prescribed to reduce the risk of heart attack and stroke and acts via the inhibition of platelet aggregation. Accumulating evidence now suggests that extracellular nucleotides, signaling through P2 receptors, play a significant role in bone, modulating both osteoblast and osteoclast function. In this study, we investigated the effects of clopidogrel treatment on (1) bone cell formation, differentiation, and activity in vitro; and (2) trabecular and cortical bone parameters in vivo. P2Y12 receptor expression by osteoblasts and osteoclasts was confirmed using qPCR and Western blotting. Clopidogrel at 10 µM and 25 µM inhibited mineralized bone nodule formation by 50% and &gt;85%, respectively. Clopidogrel slowed osteoblast proliferation with dose-dependent decreases in cell number (25% to 40%) evident in differentiating osteoblasts (day 7). A single dose of 10 to 25 µM clopidogrel to mature osteoblasts also reduced cell viability. At 14 days, ≥10 µM clopidogrel decreased alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity by ≤70% and collagen formation by 40%, while increasing adipocyte formation. In osteoclasts, ≥1 µM clopidogrel inhibited formation, viability and resorptive activity. Twenty-week-old mice (n = 10–12) were ovariectomized or sham treated and dosed orally with clopidogrel (1 mg/kg) or vehicle (NaCl) daily for 4 weeks. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) analysis showed clopidogrel-treated animals had decreases of 2% and 4% in whole-body and femoral bone mineral density (BMD), respectively. Detailed analysis of trabecular and cortical bone using micro–computed tomography (microCT) showed decreased trabecular bone volume in the tibia (24%) and femur (18%) of clopidogrel-treated mice. Trabecular number was reduced 20%, while trabecular separation was increased up to 15%. Trabecular thickness and cortical bone parameters were unaffected. Combined, these findings indicate that long-term exposure of bone cells to clopidogrel in vivo could negatively impact bone health. © 2012 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
THE MEANS–ENDS DEBATE IN DEVELOPMENT MANAGEMENT: INTRODUCTION TO THE SPECIAL ISSUE
Authors: McCourt Willy , Johnson Hazel 
Published: June 2012

AbstractThe relationship between ends and means has become increasingly fraught in development management, as arguments that development management should take the side of the poor have come to the fore. This introduction reviews the contributions to the Special Issue in terms of development management's legitimacy and viability. It concludes that an emancipatory development management is possible if managers opt to use the constrained autonomy which is always available to them. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
THE IRON CAGE RE‐REVISITED: INSTITUTIONAL ISOMORPHISM IN NON‐PROFIT ORGANISATIONS IN SOUTH AFRICA
Authors: Claeyé Frederik , Jackson Terence 
Published: June 2012

AbstractNon‐profit organisations (NPOs) are being pushed to become ‘more business‐like’, reflecting global discourse on ‘aid effectiveness’, which is underpinned by managerialist modes of thinking that may be inappropriate to local contexts. We examined the nature of the tendency towards institutional isomorphism empirically investigating this with 14 NPOs in South Africa's Eastern Cape, using a conceptual framework derived from institutional theory. This suggests that institutional isomorphism is shaping management in NPOs. However, this theory seems inadequate in explaining resistance to these forces. We go on to explain the limitations of using a purely institutionalist lens and suggest how the integration of postcolonial theory may benefit further research. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
TRANSFORMING WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT IN SOUTH AFRICA. ‘CATCHMENT MANAGEMENT AGENCIES’ AND THE IDEAL OF DEMOCRATIC DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Bourblanc Magalie 
Published: June 2012

AbstractThis article addresses the dilemma of the democratic development of water resources management in the context of Post‐Apartheid South Africa and unequal access to water. Using a political sociology of public policy approach as a conceptual framework, this article focuses on the actual functioning of the catchment management agencies (CMAs). On the basis of case studies' analysis, it is argued that CMAs are essentially political arenas although the semi‐structured interviews conducted reveal that this political dimension is mainly denied by most of CMAs members and staff as well as by policy makers. Finally, the risks of professionalising interest representation within CMAs are evoked. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Long‐term interferon monotherapy reduces the risk of HCV‐associated hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Takeyasu Makiko , Akuta Norio , Suzuki Fumitaka , Seko Yuya , Kawamura Yusuke , Sezaki Hitomi , Suzuki Yoshiyuki , Hosaka Tetsuya , Kobayashi Masahiro , Kobayashi Mariko , Arase Yasuji , Ikeda Kenji , Kumada Hiromitsu 
Published: June 2012

AbstractThe aims of this study were to evaluate the efficacy of long‐term interferon (IFN) monotherapy on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in patients who showed no virological response to the first course of IFN therapy, define predictive factors for HCC in patients on long‐term IFN monotherapy, and evaluate the clinical impact of amino acid (aa) substitutions in the hepatitis C virus (HCV)‐1b core region on HCC rate. This retrospective study included 494 consecutive treatment‐naive patients infected with HCV‐1b who failed to achieve sustained virological response after ≥24‐week IFN monotherapy. Of 494 patients, 113 (22.9%) received another course of ≥48‐week IFN monotherapy (additional‐IFN group), while the remaining 381 (77.1%) received no such therapy (no‐additional‐IFN group), and 10 years have elapsed since the end of the first IFN monotherapy. The cumulative HCC rate was significantly higher in the no‐additional‐IFN group than additional‐IFN group, and in those with aa substitutions in the core region of Gln70(His 70) and Met 91 than those with Arg 70 and/or Leu 91. Multivariate analysis identified stage of liver fibrosis, liver enzymes, age, treatment group, aa substitution in the core region, low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL‐cholesterol), and gender as determinants of HCC, and that additional IFN treatment significantly lowered the cumulative rate of HCC, even in patients with cirrhosis. In conclusion, long‐term IFN monotherapy reduces the risk of HCC, even in patients with cirrhosis. Substitution of aa at position 70 and/or 91 in the core region and lipid metabolism are important predictors of HCC in long‐term IFN monotherapy. J. Med. Virol. 84: 1199–1207, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Tumor‐specific and gender‐specific pre‐vaccination distribution of human papillomavirus types 6 and 11 in anogenital warts and laryngeal papillomas: A study on 574 tissue specimens
Authors: Komloš Kristina Fujs , Kocjan Boštjan J. , Košorok Pavle , Luzar Boštjan , Meglič Leon , Potočnik Marko , Hočevar‐Boltežar Irena , Gale Nina , Seme Katja , Poljak Mario 
Published: June 2012

AbstractAnogenital warts and laryngeal papillomas are two most important benign tumors etiologically linked with HPV. In the study, which included both the largest number of laryngeal papilloma tissue specimens (152 specimens from 152 patients) to date and the largest number of prospectively collected and histologically confirmed tissue specimens of anogenital warts obtained from both genders (422 specimens from 315 patients), HPV DNA was detected in 413/422 (97.9%) of anogenital warts and 139/152 (91.4%) of laryngeal papillomas. HPV‐6 and/or HPV‐11 were detected in 291/315 (92.4%) patients with anogenital warts and in 138/152 (90.8%) patients with laryngeal papillomas, indicating that the great majority of both tumors could be prevented with prophylactic quadrivalent vaccine. The HPV‐6 gender‐specific distribution in both anogenital warts and laryngeal papillomas was not statistically significant. In contrast, HPV‐11 was found almost three times more often in males than in females with anogenital warts (16.5% vs. 6.3%; P = 0.008), with a gender neutral HPV‐11 type distribution in laryngeal papillomas. The overall HPV DNA prevalence in anogenital warts was significantly different from that in laryngeal papillomas (97.1% vs. 91.4%; P = 0.01). In the first comparison of the HPV‐6/HPV‐11 type‐specific distribution between patients suffering from anogenital warts and laryngeal papillomas with the same geographic and ethnic background, a significant imbalance in tumor‐specific distribution of HPV‐6 and HPV‐11 was identified: HPV‐6 was statistically more often present in anogenital warts than in laryngeal papillomas (79.0% vs. 59.2%; P = 0.000013), whereas HPV‐11 was statistically more frequent in laryngeal papillomas than in anogenital warts (28.9% vs. 12.4%; P = 0.00003). J. Med. Virol. 84: 1233–1241, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Predictors of sustained virological response in Greek and Egyptian patients with hepatitis C genotype 4: Does ethnicity matter?
Authors: Papastergiou Vasilios , Dimitroulopoulos Dimitrios , Skorda Lamprini , Lisgos Philippos , Ketikoglou Ioannis , Kostas Nikolaos , Karatapanis Stylianos 
Published: June 2012

AbstractHepatitis C virus genotype 4 (HCV‐4) is spreading beyond Africa and the Middle East but data regarding treatment with pegylated interferon alpha and ribavirin of European populations infected with HCV‐4 remains limited. Interestingly, European (vs. Egyptian) origin has been associated with lower sustained virological response rates. Hence the aim of this study was to investigate the treatment outcomes of Greek (vs. Egyptian), treatment‐naïve patients infected with HCV‐4 (subtype a) and to identify factors influencing response rates. One hundred seventy‐seven consecutive patients (mean age: 44.6 ± 10.2, males: 143/177; 80.8%, Egyptians: 76/177; 42.9%) treated over a 7‐year period at the Hepatology clinics of three tertiary care hospitals in Greece were retrospectively evaluated. Overall, sustained virological response was achieved in 75/177 (42.4%) of the cohort without a significant difference between the two ethnic groups [Greek: 44/101 (43.6%); Egyptian 31/76 (40.8%), P = 0.7598]. In multivariate analysis, it was found that ethnicity was not associated with an impaired response but age ≥45 years [odds ratio (OR): 0.4225, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.2135–0.8133; P = 0.0134], diabetes (OR: 0.2346, 95% CI: 0.0816–0.0674; P = 0.0071), advanced liver fibrosis (OR: 0.3964, 95% CI: 0.1933–0.8133; P = 0.0116), and treatment suspension (OR: 0.1738, 95% CI: 0.0482–0.6262; P = 0.0075) showed an independent negative association with response to antiviral treatment. In contrast to previous European data suggesting Egyptian ethnicity to be a positive predictor for a sustained virological response, there was no influence of Greek versus Egyptian ethnicity on treatment outcomes. Higher age, advanced liver fibrosis, and diabetes have been shown to reduce significantly response rates in patients infected with HCV‐4. J. Med. Virol. 84: 1217–1223, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of the hexon, fiber, and penton regions of adenoviruses isolated from AIDS patients
Authors: Al Qurashi Yasir Mohammed A. , Alkhalaf Moustafa Alissa , Lim Lusiana , Guiver Malcolm , Cooper Robert J. 
Published: June 2012

AbstractSequencing and phylogenetic analysis of the hexon, fiber, and penton regions of adenoviruses isolated between 1986 and 1997 from AIDS patients has been performed. Sequencing the L2 part of the hexon gene of 51 adenoviruses isolated between 1986 and 1997 from AIDS patients revealed only one type each from species A and C and two types from species B with all the remaining isolates from species D. Further sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of the fiber knob region of these species D adenoviruses revealed that 28/46 were intermediate strains with conflicting hexon and fiber sequences. When the penton regions of these intermediate strains were sequenced, it became clear that some had originated from a third adenovirus type presumably by intergene recombination events. Evidence from sequencing the L1 hexon and fiber shaft regions showed no evidence of intragene recombination but penton sequences showed that recombination between the hypervariable region (HVR) and RGD regions was common. Six isolates appear to be from three new adenovirus types. Five AIDS patients showed sequential infection with different adenovirus variants and six such variants were isolated from a single patient in 2 years. J. Med. Virol. 84: 1157–1165, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Gene expression profile in human skeletal muscle cells infected with human adenovirus type 36
Authors: Wang Zhong Q. , Yu Yongmei , Zhang Xian H. , Qin Jianhua , Floyd Elizabeth 
Published: June 2012

AbstractHuman adenovirus type‐36 (HAdV‐36) is a specific pathogen that may lead to increased adiposity and obesity. In order to evaluate the effects of HAdV‐36 on gene transcription, a microarray analysis of muscle cells infected with HAdV‐36 was performed. Gene expression profile was determined by microarray analysis in cultured human skeletal muscle cells with or without HAdV‐36 infection. Quantitative real‐time PCR (qPCR) assay was performed in selected 35 genes to verify the results of the microarray analysis. A total of 13,060 unique genes were detected in the HAdV‐36 infected muscle cells infected with HAdV‐36. Among them, 1,004 genes were significantly altered by using a cut‐off point at fold change ≥1.5 and P value <0.05. Most of the principal 100 altered genes were involved in development, immune response, signal transduction, transcriptional regulation as well as carbohydrate, lipid and protein metabolism. Thirty‐two genes (91.4%) from the 35 selected genes were confirmed by qPCR assay. In addition, HAdV‐36 altered 252 genes that are associated with cancer. The study showed HAdV‐36 infection upregulated host cell antiviral defense. HAdV‐36 also induces changes in gene expression related to cellular signaling pathways of signal transduction, transcriptional regulation as well as carbohydrate, lipid and protein metabolism. However, it remains to be investigated if HAdV‐36 infection could lead to oncogenesis. J. Med. Virol. 84: 1254–1266, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Occurrence of human bocaviruses and parvovirus 4 in solid tissues
Authors: Norja Päivi , Hedman Lea , Kantola Kalle , Kemppainen Kaisa , Suvilehto Jari , Pitkäranta Anne , Aaltonen Leena‐Maija , Seppänen Mikko , Hedman Klaus , Söderlund‐Venermo Maria 
Published: June 2012

AbstractHuman bocaviruses 1‐4 (HBoV1‐4) and parvovirus 4 (PARV4) are recently discovered human parvoviruses. HBoV1 is associated with respiratory infections of young children, while HBoV2‐4 are enteric viruses. The clinical manifestations of PARV4 remain unknown. The objective of this study was to determine whether the DNAs of HBoV1‐4 and PARV4 persist in human tissues long after primary infection. Biopsies of tonsillar tissue, skin, and synovia were examined for HBoV1‐4 DNA and PARV4 DNA by PCR. Serum samples from the tissue donors were assayed for HBoV1 and PARV4 IgG and IgM antibodies. To obtain species‐specific seroprevalences for HBoV1 and for HBoV2/3 combined, the sera were analyzed after virus‐like particle (VLP) competition. While HBoV1 DNA was detected exclusively in the tonsillar tissues of 16/438 individuals (3.7%), all of them ≤8 years of age. HBoV2‐4 and PARV4 DNAs were absent from all tissue types. HBoV1 IgG seroprevalence was 94.9%. No subject had HBoV1 or PARV4 IgM, nor did they have PARV4 IgG. The results indicate that HBoV1 DNA occurred in a small proportion of tonsils of young children after recent primary HBoV1 infection, but did not persist long in the other tissue types studied, unlike parvovirus B19 DNA. The results obtained by the PARV4 assays are in line with previous results on PARV4 epidemiology. J. Med. Virol. 84: 1267–1273, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Enhanced apoptotic effects by the combination of curcumin and methylseleninic acid: potential role of mcl‐1 and fak
Authors: Guo Xiao , Yin Shutao , Dong Yinhui , Fan Lihong , Ye Min , Lu Junxuan , Hu Hongbo 
Published: June 2012

AbstractCurcumin and methylseleninic acid (MSeA) are well‐documented dietary chemopreventive agents. Apoptosis appears to be a major mechanism for both agents to exert anti‐cancer activity. The purpose of the present study was designed to determine whether the apoptotic effect on human cancer cells can be enhanced by combining curcumin with MSeA. Apoptosis was evaluated by Annexin V staining of externalized phosphatidylserine by flow cytometry. Expression of protein was analyzed by Western blotting. Localization of apoptosis‐inducing factor (AIF) was detected by immunocytochemistry. RNA interference was employed to inhibit expression of specific protein. We found here that combining curcumin with MSeA led to a significantly enhanced apoptosis in both MDA‐MB‐231 breast cancer cells and DU145 prostate cancer cells. Further mechanistic investigations revealed that curcumin treatment alone caused a concentration dependent upregulation of Mcl‐1, which can be overcome by combining it with MSeA. In line with the Mcl‐1 reduction, an enhanced mitochondrial permeability transition and AIF nuclear translocation by the combination were achieved. In addition, an increased suppression of focal adhesion kinase activity was observed in the combination‐treated cells which were associated with cell detachment‐induced apoptosis by the combination. Our findings suggest that curcumin/MSeA combination holds excellent potential for improving their efficacy against human breast and prostate cancer through enhanced apoptosis induction. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Understanding online donor behavior: the role of donor characteristics, perceptions of the internet, website and program, and influence from social networks
Authors: Shier Micheal L. , Handy Femida 
Published: June 2012

Online donation platforms, albeit a recent phenomenon, are becoming more important for human service nonprofits, allowing them to reach a broader target population of donors at relatively little cost. In developing countries such as India, internet use is flourishing, and this has allowed fund‐raisers to reach a population hitherto difficult to reach. A cross‐sectional research design was utilized to survey donors of one online donation program in India (n = 479). This research was exploratory, investigating the factors that influence people's willingness to donate online, including the socio‐demographic characteristics of donors. Results show that gender, perception of the organization, and influence from others are variables that influence the likelihood of donating online. Further research and implications for human service nonprofits seeking to undertake online charitable campaigns are discussed.Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.