bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The impact of cardiac surgery in patients with trisomy 18 and trisomy 13 in Japan
Authors: Maeda Jun , Yamagishi Hiroyuki , Furutani Yoshiyuki , Kamisago Mitsuhiro , Waragai Tadashi , Oana Shinji , Kajino Hiroki , Matsuura Hiroyuki , Mori Katsuhiko , Matsuoka Rumiko , Nakanishi Toshio 
Published: October 2011

AbstractCongenital heart defects (CHD) are very common in patients with trisomy 18 (T18) and trisomy 13 (T13). The surgical indication of CHD remains controversial since the natural history of these trisomies is documented to be poor. To investigate the outcome of CHD in patients with T18 and T13, we collected and evaluated clinical data from 134 patients with T18 and 27 patients with T13 through nationwide network of Japanese Society of Pediatric Cardiology and Cardiac Surgery. In patients with T18, 23 (17%) of 134 were alive at this survey. One hundred twenty‐six (94%) of 134 patients had CHDs. The most common CHD was ventricular septal defect (VSD, 59%). Sixty‐five (52%) of 126 patients with CHD developed pulmonary hypertension (PH). Thirty‐two (25%) of 126 patients with CHD underwent cardiac surgery and 18 patients (56%) have survived beyond postoperative period. While palliative surgery was performed in most patients, six cases (19%) underwent intracardiac repair for VSD. Operated patients survived longer than those who did not have surgery (P < 0.01). In patients with T13, 5 (19%) of 27 patients were alive during study period. Twenty‐three (85%) of 27 patients had CHD and 13 (57%) of 27 patients had PH. Atrial septal defect was the most common form of CHD (22%). Cardiac surgery was done in 6 (26%) of 23 patients. In this study, approximately a quarter of patients underwent surgery for CHD in both trisomies. Cardiac surgery may improve survival in selected patients with T18. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Ionische Flüssigkeiten – neue Perspektiven für die anorganische Synthesechemie?
Authors: Freudenmann Dominic , Wolf Silke , Wolff Michael , Feldmann Claus 
Published: October 2011

AbstractIonischen Flüssigkeiten wird eine Reihe an ungewöhnlichen Eigenschaften zugeschrieben. Hierzu zählen geringer Dampfdruck, weiter flüssiger Existenzbereich, schwach koordinierende Eigenschaften, hohe thermisch‐chemische Stabilität – Eigenschaften, die ohne Frage für die anorganische Synthese und die Herstellung neuartiger anorganischer Verbindungen von großem Interesse sind. Anderseits ist das Syntheserepertoire für anorganische Verbindungen seit jeher breit und reicht von Synthesen in Lösungen und Schmelzen bis zu Festkörperreaktionen und von der Kristallzüchtung aus der Gasphase bis zu Hochdrucksynthesen. Was also können ionische Flüssigkeiten für die Synthese anorganischer Verbindungen Neues bringen? Dieser Kurzaufsatz zeigt an ersten Beispielen, dass der Einsatz ionischer Flüssigkeiten tatsächlich einen Zugang zu ungewöhnlichen anorganischen Verbindungen eröffnet.
Homogenization in supercritical carbon dioxide enhances the diffusion of vitamin E in ultrahigh‐molecular‐weight polyethylene
Authors: Oral Ebru , Beckos Christine Godleski , Muratoglu Orhun K. 
Published: October 2011

AbstractVitamin E stabilization of radiation‐crosslinked ultrahigh‐molecular‐weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) joint implants was successfully introduced to improve long‐term oxidation resistance. Current clinically available vitamin E stabilized UHMWPE implants were prepared by the postirradiation diffusion of vitamin E into 100‐kGy‐irradiated UHMWPE by a two‐step process, which included doping in pure vitamin E at an elevated temperature below the melting point followed by an annealing step at an elevated temperature in inert gas to homogenize the antioxidant throughout components of desired thickness. We hypothesized that the diffusion of vitamin E could be enhanced with supercritical carbon dioxide (SC‐CO2) during homogenization without an increase in the surface vitamin E concentration, which would thus result in faster homogenization. Our hypothesis tested positive; crosslinked UHMWPE doped with vitamin E at 120°C and homogenized in SC‐CO2 at 10–12 MPa had a greater penetration of vitamin E than those homogenized in inert gas. We attributed the faster diffusion of vitamin E in irradiated UHMWPE in SC‐CO2 to the dissolution of vitamin E in the supercritical fluid and a rate of diffusion that was closer to that of the supercritical fluid in the polymer. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012
Toughened and stiffened nanocomposites based on an amorphous polyamide modified with both styrene/ethylene‐co‐butylene/styrene triblock copolymer and an organoclay
Authors: González Imanol , Zabaleta Asier , Eguiazábal José I. 
Published: October 2011

AbstractPolymer nanocomposites (PNs) based on an amorphous polyamide (aPA) modified with both a maleated rubber (mSEBS) for toughening, and with an organically modified organoclay for stiffening were obtained in the melt state. The PNs were highly dispersed and the organoclay was exclusively located in the aPA matrix. However, they showed a fine particle size that was larger than that of the corresponding blends. This indicates a lower compatibilization in the PNs that was attributed to a slight surfactant migration to the matrix during processing in the melt state. The increases in the modulus of elasticity upon organoclay (OMMT) addition were high enough to counteract the modulus decrease inherent to a 15% rubber addition. This allowed us to obtain a toughened aPA with a modulus similar to that of the unmodified aPA. The critical interparticle distance was lower in the PNs than in the corresponding blends. This decrease was attributed to the higher modulus of elasticity of the PNs matrix. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012
Effect of dispersion state of Cloisite15A® on the performance of SPEEK/Cloisite15A nanocomposite membrane for DMFC application
Authors: Jaafar Juhana , Ismail A. F. , Matsuura T. 
Published: October 2011

AbstractThe introduction of 2,4,6‐triaminopyrimidine (TAP) into sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone) (SPEEK)/Cloisite15A® nanocomposite membranes were investigated for the purpose of maintaining low methanol permeability and suppressing swelling in direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC). SPEEK with 63% of degree of sulfonation (DS) was prepared by sulfonation of PEEK. Cloisite15A (7.5 wt %) along with various weight loading of TAP was incorporated into SPEEK matrix via solution intercalation method. The effect of TAP loading on the SPEEK/Cloisite15A/TAP morphology was studied. The beneficial impact of the SPEEK/Cloisite15A/TAP morphology on the physicochemical properties of the membrane was further discussed. Swelling behavior, ion exchange capacity (IEC), proton conductivity, and methanol permeability of the resultant membranes were determined as a function of Cloisite15A and TAP loadings. Uniform distribution of Cloisite15A particles in the SPEEK polymer matrix in the homogenous SPEEK/Cloisite15A/TAP nanocomposite membranes was confirmed by scanning electron microscopy and X‐ray diffraction. The water uptake of the SPEEK nanocomposite membranes decreased dramatically in the presence of TAP. The significant selectivity of SP/7.5/7.5 nanocomposite membranes could indicate a potential feasibility as a promising electrolyte for DMFC. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012
Synthesis and Anti‐Candida Potential of Certain Novel 1‐[(3‐Substituted‐3‐phenyl)propyl]‐1H‐imidazoles
Authors: Aboul‐Enein Mohamed Nabil , El‐Azzouny Aida Abd El‐Sattar , Attia Mohamed Ibrahim , Saleh Ola Ahmed , Kansoh Amany Lotfy 
Published: October 2011

AbstractThe synthesis and anti‐Candida activity of 1‐[(3‐aroyloxy‐3‐phenyl)propyl]‐1H‐imidazoles 5a–f and 1‐[(3‐alkyl/aralkyl/phenyl‐3‐phenyl)propan‐3‐ol]‐1H‐imidazoles 5g–j are reported. The influence of the ester formation and different substitutions on the anti‐Candida activity of the alcohol 4 was investigated. Among the newly developed bioactive chemical entities, compounds 5b and 5c displayed minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) against Candida albicans and Candida pseudotropicales comparable to that of tioconazole and more potent than miconazole.
Retinal coenzyme Q in the bovine eye
Authors: Qu Jinfeng , Ma Li , Washington Ilyas 
Published: October 2011

AbstractCoenzyme Q plays an integral role in oxygen metabolism and management, and there is a positive correlation between low tissue coenzyme Q concentrations and the progression of many degenerative diseases. Retinal oxidative damage plays a role in the pathogenesis of many degenerative eye diseases; nevertheless, despite the retina's high rate of oxygen metabolism, there is little data relating to retinal coenzyme Q concentrations. In this study, we quantified coenzyme Q in the model bovine eye and determined whether it could function as a retinal lipid antioxidant. We found that the neural retina's ubiquinone concentration exceeded those of the vitreous humor, lens, choroid, and extraocular muscle, but it was lower than those measured in heart, kidney, liver, and brain tissues. Ubiquinol was found to be as effective as vitamin E as a retinal lipid antioxidant. The overall relatively low levels of ubiquinone found in the retina, coupled with the retina's need for lipid antioxidants and oxidative metabolism, suggests that retinal function might be sensitive to changes in ubiquinone concentrations.
FATSIM‐A: An educational tool based on electrical analogy and the code PSPICE to simulate fluid flow and solute transport processes
Authors: Manteca Iván Alhama , Meca Antonio Soto , López Francisco Alhama 
Published: October 2011

AbstractBased on the network simulation method, the educational software FATSIM‐A has been developed to simulate transient, non‐lineal, conjugate problems of fluid flow and solute transport in porous media. Darcy flow and conservation laws in the form of stream function formulation, as well as boundary conditions, provide the partial differential equations of the mathematical model. The network model, based on the spatial discretization of these equations following a few rules, is simulated in the electric circuit simulation code PSPICE. Time remains as a continuous variable in the model. Interface communication is user friendly and immediate through the window environment created in the visual C# source code. The resulting simulation data (concentration and stream function isolines), including animations, are graphically shown in the environment of FATSIM‐A itself or using MATLAB, due to the suitable routines implemented in the software. The power and reliability of FATSIM‐A have been verified by comparing its solution with standard benchmark problems such as those of Henry and Elder. The program can be used as a low cost laboratory educational tool for teaching groundwater flow with solute transport processes, such as saline intrusion, salt lake, and salt dome. Furthermore, the software can be used as a numerical tool for investigation. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Comput Appl Eng Educ 22:516–528, 2014; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com/journal/cae; DOI 10.1002/cae.10.1002/cae.20577
Impact of Co‐Components on the State of Pd and the Performance of Supported Pd/TiO2 Catalysts in the Gas‐Phase Acetoxylation of Toluene
Authors: Gatla Suresh , Madaan Neetika , Radnik Jörg , Kalevaru Venkata Narayana , Lücke Bernhard , Martin Andreas , Bentrup Ursula , Brückner Angelika 
Published: October 2011

AbstractThe effect of the co‐components Mn, Co, Au, and Sb with a wide range of standard reduction potentials (Mn2+/Mn: E°=−1.18 V; Co2+/Co: E°=−0.28 V; Sb3+/Sb: E°=+0.2 V; Au3+/Au: E°=+1.52 V) on the catalytic performance of 10 wt % Pd, 8 wt % M/TiO2 (M=Mn, Co, Sb, Au) catalysts in the gas‐phase acetoxylation of toluene to benzyl acetate has been studied. Co‐components with low E° are more active, but less selective than those with high E°. Co‐components with low E° (Mn, Co) stabilize Pd in its oxidized form, whereas those with high E° (Sb, Au) support the formation of metallic Pd. Sb and Au are incorporated into the Pd lattice, whereas Mn and Co are enriched at the surface during time on stream. Carbon is deposited on all catalysts during the reaction. However, for Mn‐ and Co‐containing catalysts, carbon is incorporated into the metal particles, whereas it is deposited on top of Pd particles modified with Sb and Au, which leads to faster deactivation.
High‐Nuclearity Ni‐Substituted Polyoxometalates: A Series of Poly(polyoxotungstate)s Containing 20–22 Nickel Centers
Authors: Li Xin‐Xiong , Zheng Shou‐Tian , Zhang Jie , Fang Wei‐Hui , Yang Guo‐Yu , Clemente‐Juan Juan Modesto 
Published: October 2011

AbstractThree high‐nuclearity Ni‐substituted polyoxotungstates (POTs)—[Ni(enMe)2(H2O)2]2[Ni(H2O)6]2‐ [Ni(enMe)2][Ni(H2O)2]1.5[HNi20X4W34‐ (OH)4O136(H2O)6(enMe)8]⋅11 H2O (3), [Ni(en)2(H2O)]2[H8Ni21X4W34(OH)4‐ O136(en)10(H2O)5]⋅22 H2O (4), and [Ni‐(enMe)2]2[H6Ni22X4W34(OH)4O136(H2O)6(enMe)10]⋅18 H2O (5), in which en=ethylenediamine, enMe=1,2‐diaminopropane, X=0.5 P+0.5 Ge—were made under hydrothermal conditions and characterized by IR spectroscopy, elemental analysis, thermogravimetric analysis, powder X‐ray diffraction, and single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction. The structures of 3–5 can be viewed as novel derivatives of [H6Ni20P4W34(OH)4O136(enMe)8‐ (H2O)6]⋅12 H 2O (1) and [Ni(en)2‐ (H2O)]2[H8Ni20P4W34(OH)4O136(en)9‐ (H2O)4]⋅16 H 2O (2), which both contain 20 nickel ions per structural unit. Compound 3 is the first example of a 1D cluster chain constructed from Ni20‐substituted polyanions [HNi20X4‐ W34(OH)4O136(H2O)6(enMe)8]11− and [Ni(enMe)2]2+ bridges. Compound 4 is a novel cluster–organic chain built by Ni21‐substituted polyanions [H8Ni21X4W34(OH)4O136(en)10(H2O)5]4− and en molecule bridges. Compound 5 is a discrete POT with 22 Ni centers, and is not only the largest nickel‐substituted POT, but also contains the highest number of nickel ions in one polyanion to date. Magnetic measurements illustrate that overall ferromagnetic interactions exist in 1–5. The magnetic behavior of 1 and 2 was theoretically simulated by the MAGPACK magnetic program package.
Specifically and Reversibly Immobilizing Proteins/Enzymes to Nitriolotriacetic‐Acid‐Modified Mesoporous Silicas through Histidine Tags for Purification or Catalysis
Authors: Lin Yu‐Chung , Liang Ming‐Ren , Lin Yu‐Chen , Chen Chao‐Tsen 
Published: October 2011

AbstractSix nitriolotriacetic‐acid‐modified ordered mesoporous silicas (NTA‐OMPSs) with different pore sizes and surface features for specific and reversible protein immobilization were fabricated and characterized. Specific immobilization of a genetically engineered undecaprenyl pyrophosphate synthase (UPPs) from cell lysate and a chemically modified His‐tagged horseradish peroxidase (HRP) in these Ni‐NTA‐OMPSs through histidine coordination to the nickelated NTA was demonstrated and confirmed by matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry and sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Negligible leakage of these enzymes over a wide range of acidic conditions was observed. Moreover, histidine tags with different lengths (His6, His4, His3, and His2) applied to HRP were evaluated to find the minimum length for effective complexation. Enzymatic assessment studies indicated that the pore size of the OMPSs has minimal influence on the enzymatic activity, whereas chemical entities such as unreacted mercapto groups tailored on the interior surfaces of the OMPSs played certain roles in inhibiting the enzymatic activity and stability. On MCF‐S‐NTA, SBA‐S‐NTA, and film‐S‐NTA, which contained unreacted mercaptopropyl groups on the interior surface, immobilized His‐tagged HRP showed lower catalytic activity and stability than on MCF‐NTA, film‐NTA, and SBA‐NTA. Selective hydroxylation of optically pure L‐tyrosine to (S)‐2‐amino‐3‐(3,4‐dihydroxyphenyl)propanoic acid (L‐DOPA) by the immobilized HRP was also demonstrated.
Investigating the Imidazolium–Anion Interaction through the Anion‐Templated Construction of Interpenetrated and Interlocked Assemblies
Authors: Spence Graeme T. , Serpell Christopher J. , Sardinha João , Costa Paulo J. , Félix Vítor , Beer Paul D. 
Published: October 2011

AbstractThe interaction between imidazolium cations and coordinating anions is investigated through the anion‐templated assembly of interpenetrated and interlocked structures. The orientation of the imidazolium motif with respect to anion binding, and hence the hydrogen bond donor arrangement, was varied in acyclic receptors, interpenetrated assemblies, and the first mono‐imidazolium interlocked systems. Their anion recognition properties and co‐conformations were studied by solution‐phase 1H NMR investigations, solid‐state structures, molecular dynamics simulations, and density functional theory calculations. Our findings suggest that the imidazolium‐anion binding interaction is dominated by electrostatics with hydrogen‐bonding contributions having weak orientational dependence.
Assessing the localization of centrosomal proteins by PALM/STORM nanoscopy
Authors: Sillibourne James E. , Specht Christian G. , Izeddin Ignacio , Hurbain Ilse , Tran Phong , Triller Antoine , Darzacq Xavier , Dahan Maxime , Bornens Michel 
Published: October 2011

AbstractThe structure of the centrosome was resolved by EM many years ago to reveal a pair of centrioles embedded in a dense network of proteins. More recently, the molecular composition of the centrosome was catalogued by mass spectroscopy and many novel components were identified. Determining precisely where a novel component localizes to within the centrosome remains a challenge, and until now it has required the use of immuno‐EM. This technique is both time‐consuming and unreliable, as it often fails due to problems with antigen accessibility. We have investigated the use of two nanoscopic techniques, photoactivated localization microscopy (PALM) and stochastic optical reconstruction microscopy (STORM), as alternative techniques for localizing centrosomal proteins. The localization of a known centrosomal component, the distal appendage protein Cep164 was investigated by direct STORM (dSTORM) and resolved with a high spatial resolution. We further validated the use of nanoscopic PALM imaging by showing that the previously uncharacterized centrosomal protein CCDC123 (Cep123) localizes to the distal appendages, forming ring‐like structures with a diameter of 500 nm. Our results demonstrate that both PALM and STORM imaging have great potential as alternatives to immuno‐EM. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
From a Library of MAG Antagonists to Nanomolar CD22 Ligands
Authors: Mesch Stefanie , Lemme Katrin , Wittwer Matthias , Koliwer‐Brandl Hendrik , Schwardt Oliver , Kelm Sørge , Ernst Beat 
Published: October 2011

AbstractSiglec‐2, also known as CD22, is involved in the regulation and survival of B‐cells and has been successfully targeted in cell depletion therapies with antibody‐based approaches. Sialic acid derivatives, already known to bind with high affinity to myelin‐associated glycoprotein (MAG, Siglec‐4), were screened for their binding affinity for CD22 by surface plasmon resonance. The best compound identified was further modified with various hydrophobic substituents at the 2‐, 5‐, and 9‐positions of the sialic acid scaffold, leading to nanomolar derivatives, of which ligand 17 b shows the most promising pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic profiles. Isothermal titration calorimetry measurements demonstrate that the binding is enthalpy driven. Interestingly, the thermodynamic fingerprints reveal an excellent correlation between gains in enthalpy and compensation by increased entropy costs. Moreover, 17 b exhibits a residence time in the range of a few seconds, clearly prolonged relative to residence times typically observed for carbohydrate–lectin interactions. Finally, initial tests regarding drug‐like properties of 17 b demonstrate the required high plasma protein binding yet a lack of oral availability, although its distribution coefficient (log D) is in the required range.
Failure patterns in patients with esophageal cancer treated with definitive chemoradiation
Authors: Welsh James , Settle Stephen H. , Amini Arya , Xiao Lianchun , Suzuki Akihiro , Hayashi Yuki , Hofstetter Wayne , Komaki Ritsuko , Liao Zhongxing , Ajani Jaffer A. 
Published: October 2011

AbstractBACKGROUND:Local failure after definitive chemoradiation therapy for unresectable esophageal cancer remains problematic. Little is known about the failure pattern based on modern‐day radiation treatment volumes. We hypothesized that most local failures would be within the gross tumor volume (GTV), where the bulk of the tumor burden resides.METHODS:We reviewed treatment volumes for 239 patients who underwent definitive chemoradiation therapy and compared this information with failure patterns on follow‐up positron emission tomography (PET). Failures were categorized as within the GTV, the larger clinical target volume (CTV, which encompasses microscopic disease), or the still larger planning target volume (PTV, which encompasses setup variability) or outside the radiation field.RESULTS:At a median follow‐up time of 52.6 months (95% confidence interval, 46.1‐56.7 months), 119 patients (50%) had experienced local failure, 114 (48%) had distant failure, and 74 (31%) had no evidence of failure. Of all local failures, 107 (90%) were within the GTV, 27 (23%) were within the CTV, and 14 (12%) were within in the PTV. On multivariate analysis, GTV failure was associated with tumor status (T3/T4 vs T1/T2; odds ratio, 6.35; P = .002), change in standardized uptake value on PET before and after treatment (decrease >52%: odds ratio, 0.368; P = .003), and tumor size (>8 cm, 4.08; P = .009).CONCLUSIONS:Most local failures after definitive chemoradiation for unresectable esophageal cancer occur in the GTV. Future therapeutic strategies should focus on enhancing local control. Cancer 2011;. © 2011 American Cancer Society.
Detection and monitoring of normal and leukemic cell populations with hierarchical clustering of flow cytometry data
Authors: Fišer Karel , Sieger Tomáš , Schumich Angela , Wood Brent , Irving Julie , Mejstříková Ester , Dworzak Michael N. 
Published: October 2011

AbstractFlow cytometry is a valuable tool in research and diagnostics including minimal residual disease (MRD) monitoring of hematologic malignancies. However, its gradual advancement toward increasing numbers of fluorescent parameters leads to information rich datasets, which are challenging to analyze by standard gating and do not reflect the multidimensionality of the data.We have developed a novel method to analyze complex flow cytometry data, based on hierarchical clustering analysis (HCA) but with a new underlying algorithm, using Mahalanobis distance measure. HCA is scalable to analyze complex multiparameter datasets (here demonstrated on up to 12 color flow cytometry and on a 20‐parameter synthetic dataset).We have validated this method by comparison with standard gating approaches when performed independently by expert cytometrists. Acute lymphoblastic leukemia blast populations were analyzed in diagnostic and follow‐up datasets (n = 123) from three centers. HCA results correlated very well (Passing–Bablok correlation coefficient = 0.992, slope = 1, intercept = −0.01) with standard gating data obtained by the I‐BFM FLOW‐MRD study group. To further improve the performance in follow‐up samples with low MRD levels and to automate MRD detection, we combined HCA with support vector machine (SVM) learning.HCA in combination with SVM provides a novel diagnostic tool that not only allows analysis of increasingly complex flow cytometry data but also is less observer‐dependent compared with classical gating and has potential for automation. © 2011 International Society for Advancement of Cytometry