bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Perlindungan Pemerintah kepada Masyarakat terhadap Kosmetik Ilegal yang Beredar di Indonesia
Authors: Dewiadjie Shindy Ariesta , Azaria G.J Raisa , Parwati Tuntun 
Published: April 2024

Intisari
Artikel konseptual ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana cara perlindungan yang dilakukan oleh pemerintahan kepada masyarakat terhadap kosmetik ilegal yang masih banyak beredar di Indonesia. Metode penelitian yang digunakan Yuridis Normatif dengan spesifikasi penelitian bersifat Deskriptif Analitis. Perolehan data yaitu dengan cara menelaah teori-teori, konsep-konsep, asas-asas hukum serta peraturan perundang-undangan yang berhubungan dengan penelitian ini. Dari hasil penelitian ini, diperoleh simpulan bahwa Perlindungan hukum bagi konsumen yang menggunakan kosmetik tanpa izin edar dari BPOM, diatur dalam UUPK No.8 Tahun 1999 dan UUKesehatan No. 36 Thn 2009, sedangkan akibat hukum bagi pelanggar izin edar dapat di kenakan sanksi, berupa sanksi administratif dan sanksi pidana sesuai yang diatur dalam UUPK No.8 Thn 1999, Peraturan BPOM No.12 Thn 2020, Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan No.1175/Menkes/Per/XII/2010, UUKesehatan Nomor 36 Thn 2009.
Kata Kunci: BPOM, Izin edar, Kosmetik Ilegal, Perlindungan Masyarakat
Efek Terapi Penggunaan AHA (Alpha Hydroxy Acid) Sebagai Chemical Exfoliating pada Produk Kosmetik
Authors: Dewiadjie Shindy Ariesta , Gadis Jelita Raisa Azaria , Parwati Tuntun 
Published: April 2024

Intisari
Produk farmasi khususnya pada kosmetik yang mengandung AHA (Alpha Hydroxy Acid) telah sering digunakan dalam praktik klinik kecantikan terutama sebagai agen chemical exfoliating untuk meningkatkan keindahan dan mengatasi berbagai permasalahan pada kulit. Sebuah tinjauan literatur Dermatology dan Cosmetic Science di lakukan untuk mengidentifikasi penelitian klinis pada kulit wajah seseorang sehingga didapatkan evaluasi efek dan potensi beberapa penelitian AHA dalam perawatan kulit. Didapatkan hasil efek terapi AHA pada beberapa penelitian yang sudah di lakukan baik dalam emulsi dan larutan dapat mengatasi adanya jerawat yang membaik secara signifikan pada kulit wajah. Dengan adanya efek penggunaan AHA sebagai agen chemical exfoliating untuk membantu menghilangkan sel kulit mati seperti mengatasi adanya kerutan dan jerawat, maka sekarang ini banyak dapat diaplikasikan dalam produk kosmetik yang beredar luas di masyarakat.
Kata kunci: AHA (Alpha Hydroxy Acid), Chemical exfoliating, Kosmetik
Aktivitas Antibakteri Jamur Lingzhi Terhadap Bakteri Salmonella typhi: A Literature Review
Authors: Viantika Sindy Indra , Solihah Hadi Rotus , Smith Zakinah , Avriani Rahma Dita , Dewi Lela Kumala Sari , Hasanah Maulidya , Pratiwi Ajeng , Ramadhani Dea Silvia , Andini Atika Wahyu , Azaria Amira Zanuba , Handrianto Prasetyo 
Published: April 2024

Indonesia merupakan negara dengan keanekaragaman hayati yang sangat tinggi. Negara Indonesia memiliki tanah yang subur karena letak geografisnya yang berada di kawasan tropis, sehingga memiliki banyak hasil pertanian, salah satunya adalah tumbuhan jamur. Ganoderma lucidum merupakan jamur yang banyak digunakan untuk penelitian baik dari segi aktivitas biologis maupun efek farmakologisnya Ganoderma lucidum adalah sumber yang sangat berharga dari zat aktif biologis yang dapat digunakan sebagai antibakteri atau antimikroba. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktivitas antibakteri Ganoderma lucidum terhadap bakteri Salmonella typhi dengan berbagai macam pelarut pada metode difusi cakram. Desain penelitian ini adalah literature review. Peneliti melakukan pencarian naskah melalui database resmi dan sumber pustaka yang relevan dengan topik penelitian. Jumlah artikel yang diresume adalah 3 artikel nasional dan 2 artikel internasional.
Berdasarkan hasil resume ke lima artikel tersebut diketahui bahwa ekstrak jamur lingzhi (Ganoderma lucidum) dapat menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri Salmonella sp. Zona hambat terbesar dengan kategori kuat sebesar 20.60 mm diperoleh dengan menggunakan metode uji antibakteri difusi kertas cakram. Metode ekstraksi yang digunakan adalah soxhletasi dengan konsentrasi ekstrak 40μg/ml dan menggunakan pelarut aseton. Zona hambat terkecil kategori sangat lemah sebesar 0 mm diperoleh dengan konsentrasi ekstrak 50mg/ml yang menggunakan metode difusi kertas cakram dan pelarut etilasetat. Perlu dilakukan pengujian ulang untuk membandingkan aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak Ganoderma lucidum terhadap bakteri Salmonella typhi dengan jenis pelarut dan konsentrasi yang berbeda.
Analisis Kepuasan Pasien terhadap Pelayanan Kefarmasian di Puskesmas II Denpasar Selatan
Authors: Arini Heny Dwi 
Published: April 2024

Pelayanan kefarmasian merupakan salah satu layanan yang diberikan kepada pasien di puskesmas. Evaluasi mutu pelayanan puskesmas perlu dilakukan untuk menilai serta dapat mencapai standar yang ditentukan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui tingkat kepuasan pasien terhadap pelayanan kefarmasian serta dimensi apa saja yang dapat mempengaruhi tingkat kepuasan pasien di Puskesmas II denpasar selatan tahun 2023. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian analitik observasional dengan rancangan cross sectional. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik purposive sampling pada sampel yang sesuai dengan kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Pengukuran kepuasan pelayanan menggunakan metode SERVQUAL. Analisis data meliputi karakteristik demografi pasien, tingkat kepuasan pelayanan kefarmasian, serta dimensi yang mempengaruhi kepuasan pasien.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kepuasan pelayanan farmasi pada Puskesmas II Denpasar Selatan masih tergolong belum memuaskan, yang ditunjukkan dengan nilai gap/selisih secara keseluruhan sebesar -0,137 dan setiap dimensi juga masih menunjukkan nilai gap/selisih dengan nilai negatif, yakni dimensi bukti fisik (tangible) (-0,142), dimesi kehandalan (reliability) (-0,155), dimensi daya tanggap (responsivennes) (-0,134), dimensi asuransi (assurance) (-0,118) dan dimensi empati (emphaty) (-0,137). Berdasarkan hasil diagram kartesius, dimensi yang perlu ditingkatkan oleh Puskesmas II Denpasar Selatan adalah dimensi kehandalan (reliability).
Shifts in dominance of benthic communities along a gradient of water temperature and turbidity in tropical coastal ecosystems
Authors: Aji Ludi Parwadani , Maas Diede Louise , Capriati Agustin , Ahmad Awaludinnoer , de Leeuw Christiaan , Becking Leontine Elisabeth 
Published: April 2024

Tropical coastal benthic communities will change in species composition and relative dominance due to global (e.g., increasing water temperature) and local (e.g., increasing terrestrial influence due to land-based activity) stressors. This study aimed to gain insight into possible trajectories of coastal benthic assemblages in Raja Ampat, Indonesia, by studying coral reefs at varying distances from human activities and marine lakes with high turbidity in three temperature categories (<31 °C, 31–32 °C, and >32 °C). The benthic community diversity and relative coverage of major benthic groups were quantified via replicate photo transects. The composition of benthic assemblages varied significantly among the reef and marine lake habitats. The marine lakes <31 °C contained hard coral, crustose coralline algae (CCA), and turf algae with coverages similar to those found in the coral reefs (17.4–18.8% hard coral, 3.5–26.3% CCA, and 15–15.5% turf algae, respectively), while the higher temperature marine lakes (31–32 °C and >32 °C) did not harbor hard coral or CCA. Benthic composition in the reefs was significantly influenced by geographic distance among sites but not by human activity or depth. Benthic composition in the marine lakes appeared to be structured by temperature, salinity, and degree of connection to the adjacent sea. Our results suggest that beyond a certain temperature (>31 °C), benthic communities shift away from coral dominance, but new outcomes of assemblages can be highly distinct, with a possible varied dominance of macroalgae, benthic cyanobacterial mats, or filter feeders such as bivalves and tubeworms. This study illustrates the possible use of marine lake model systems to gain insight into shifts in the benthic community structure of tropical coastal ecosystems if hard corals are no longer dominant.
Quality of Visual Aids and The Engagement of Learners in the Teaching and Learning Process
Authors: Nicole A. Cuenca, Janela , Marie S. Malabanan, Gene , May M. Periodica, Ariane , May Q. Retrita, Jenny , Keiza U. San Juan, 
Published: April 2024

The main purpose of the study was to determine the quality of visual aids and the engagement of learners inside the classroom. Descriptive quantitative research was designed to measure the quality of visual aids and the engagement of learners in the teaching and learning process, with 37 students under the grade 10 at Gov. Felicisimo T. San Luis Integrated Senior High School as respondent. A survey questionnaire through google forms was used to gather the needed data to find out the relationship between the quality of visual aids and the engagement of learners in the teaching and learning process. The questionnaire provided insight into the learners’ opinions and experiences with visual aids in English subjects. The researchers found out that there is a significant relationship between the quality of visual aids and the engagement of learners of grade 10 students at Gov. Felicisimo T. San Luis Integrated Senior High School. The researchers' recommendation was to focus on conducting more training and professional development for teachers. Schools can organize workshops, seminars, or training sessions to educate teachers on the use of visual aids. These are based on the results of the study, which show that the quality of visual aids highly relationship with the engagement of learners, as well as on the data gathered from the learners' perceptions and experiences of visual aids in English subjects.
An Exploratory Study on Factors Influencing the Purchase Intention of Packaged Milk in Erode District, India
Authors: Palanichamy N Venkatesa , M Kalpana , M Giruba , Prabha S Aruna 
Published: April 2024

Consumption of unbranded milk leads to several problems in children and adults. Therefore, innovative packaging technologies is needed for the development of extended shelf life and value added foods and food products. The objective of the present study is to identify the factors influencing the purchase intention towards packaged milk. The study area is confined to Erode district because of its high population and high purchase of packaged milk. Primary data were collected by using a well-structured and pre tested questionnaire. An exploratory factor analysis was performed to identify the underlying factors of consumer intention towards packaged milk. From the analysis, it is found that, product quality, value addition and promotional activities like advertisement were the factors that influenced the buying intention of packaged milk.
Performance of Rabi Blackgram (Vigna mungoL.,) under Different Sowing Windows
Authors: Reddemma K , Reddy M. Sreenivas , Tej M Kishan 
Published: April 2024

Field experiment was conducted at the College Farm, Agricultural College, Mahanandi of Acharya N.G. Ranga Agricultural University during the period from October, 2017 to January 2018 to evaluate the performance of rabiblackgram (Vigna mungo L.) under different sowing windows. The experimental site was sandy loam and it was neutral in reaction with a pH of 7.30, EC of 0.20 ds m-1. The experiment comprised four blackgram varieties viz., TBG-104, LBG-787, GBG-1 and PU-31 and four sowing dates viz., 1st fort night of October, 2nd fort night of October, 1st fort night November and 2nd fort night November.The experiment was laid out in randomized block design with factorial concept (FRBD) having sixteen treatments and three replications. Results showed that varieties and dates of sowings significantly influenced all the parameters in the growth attributing experimentation characters such as plant height, dry weight, leaf area index, and yield attributing characters like number of pods plant-1, number of seeds pod-1 and 1000 seed weight and seed yield (kg ha-1), haulm yield (kg ha-1) and harvest index (%) and were found highest in PU-31and lowest in LBG-787. With regard to sowing windows, the higher as well as lower values of these parameters were observed with sowing 1st fort night of October and 2nd fort night of November, respectively. Sowing PU-31 on 1st fort night of October and 2nd fort night of November gave the highest seed yield (856.42 kg ha-1) and haulm yield (2473.96 kg ha-1) respectively. Overall the results proved that 1st FN of October seems to be the appropriate sowing date for getting higher yield of black gram during rabi season. Among different varieties PU-31 came out with higher yield followed by GBG-1, TBG-104 and LBG-787.
Effect of low‐molar‐mass liquid crystal on the melt processing conditions of polycarbonate using single screw extruder
Authors: Khunprasert Supaluk , Thongyai Supakanok , Chinsirikul Wannee , Wacharawichanant Sirirat 
Published: March 2009

AbstractThis research concerned about the effects of low‐molar‐mass liquid crystal (LMLC) blend with polycarbonates (PCs) that influence the processing conditions (torques) without detrimental to the benign properties of PC. The two PCs, having different weight‐average molar mass (PC2600 and PC2405), were blended with LMLC (CBC‐33) at concentration about 0.2 wt % using a single screw extruder. As confirmed by the previous observation of Motong et al. (J Appl Polym Sci 2008, 107, 1108), the LMLC could act as a melt viscosity reduction additive for PCs. Because of the reduction in melt viscosity of PC, the operating torque of a single screw extruder used when extruding PC blended with LMLC was reduced up to 83% depended on the mixing condition of LMLC. The mechanical properties were determined by tensile testing specimens from injection molding machine, and the difference of tensile strengths and modulus of elasticity between pure PCs and their blends was less than 10%, which indicated the very low detrimental effects to mechanical properties of the LMLC blend. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2009
Cationic polymerization of ethylene oxide with Maghnite‐H as a clay catalyst in the presence of ethylene glycol
Authors: Yahiaoui Ahmed , Hachemaoui Aïcha , Belbachir Mohammed 
Published: March 2009

AbstractThe activated‐monomer cationic ring‐opening polymerization of ethylene oxide, initiated with ethylene glycol and using an acid‐exchanged montmorillonite clay called Maghnite‐H+ as an effective catalyst, was carried out to obtain the corresponding homopolymers with narrow polydispersity ratios. The molecular weights of the obtained polymers were controlled with the feed ratio of the monomer to the initiator. The effects of the amount of the catalyst and time on the polymerization yield and viscosity of the polymers were studied. The structure was confirmed with proton nuclear magnetic resonance and matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2009
Effect of zinc supplementation on the antioxidant, copper, and iron status of physically active adolescents
Authors: de Oliveira Karla de Jesus Fernandes , Donangelo Carmen Marino , de Oliveira Astrogildo Vianna , da Silveira Carmen Lucia Porto , Koury Josely Correa 
Published: March 2009

AbstractPuberty associated with intense physical activity results in oxidation stress. Zinc supplementation may benefit antioxidant capacity although it may also affect iron and copper status. This study evaluated the effect of zinc supplementation on antioxidant, zinc and copper status of physically active male football players (13 years ± 0.4 years), divided in two groups and studied during 12 weeks: Zn‐supplemented (Zn‐SUP, 22 mg Zn d−1 as zinc gluconate, n = 21) and placebo (PLA, n = 26). At baseline, there was no significant difference in biochemical indices between the two groups. After treatment, plasma zinc and erythrocyte iron increased in both groups (p < 0.001); urinary zinc increased (p < 0.001) only in Zn‐SUP, and erythrocyte zinc decreased (p = 0.002) only in PLA. Plasma iron and copper decreased (p = 0.01 and p = 0.015, respectively) only in Zn‐SUP. Plasma ferric‐reducing ability and plasma conjugated dienes increased, and erythrocyte osmotic fragility decrease in both groups, although the latter two were significantly lower in Zn‐SUP compared to PLA (p < 0.01). In conclusion, our study indicates that the use of 22 mg d−1 of supplemental zinc during 12 week in adolescent athletes did not affect growth, improved markers of antioxidant status but reduced plasma iron and copper. Therefore, it appears that the use of zinc supplementation by healthy adolescent athletes benefits their antioxidant capacity but impairs copper and iron nutritional status. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Highly Selective Stereodivergent Synthesis of Separable Amide Rotamers, by Using Pd Chemistry, and Their Thermodynamic Behavior
Authors: Ototake Nobutaka , Nakamura Masashi , Dobashi Yasuo , Fukaya Haruhiko , Kitagawa Osamu 
Published: March 2009

AbstractGoing separate ways: By using π‐allyl–palladium chemistry (path A) and PdII‐catalyzed Claisen chemistry (path B), a highly selective stereodivergent synthesis of separable amide rotamers was achieved (see scheme).magnified imageBy using Pd chemistry, a highly selective stereodivergent synthesis of separable amide rotamers was achieved. Allylation of 2,4,6‐tri‐tert‐butylanilides using a π‐allyl–Pd catalyst gave N‐allylated anilides with moderate‐to‐excellent Z‐rotamer selectivity (Z/E=3 to >50). The Z‐rotamer selectivity depends considerably on the substituent on the anilide substrates. On the other hand, the E rotamers of N‐allylated 2,4,6‐tri‐tert‐butylanilides were obtained with almost complete selectivity (E/Z>50) through O‐allylation of 2,4,6‐tri‐tert‐butylanilides and the subsequent PdII‐catalyzed Claisen rearrangement of the resulting O‐allyl imidate. The prepared anilide rotamers changed to equilibrium mixtures in which the E rotamer was the major isomer when heated in toluene.
Heat exchanger fouling by olefin‐kerosene mixtures
Authors: Asomaning S. , Watkinson A. P. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractFouling resistances of solutions of olefins in kerosene were measured on a hot wire probe and an annular probe operating in parallel at liquid temperatures of about 80°C and heat fluxes from 180‐350 kW/m2. Straight chain terminal olefins, octene‐1 and decene‐1 showed little fouling, whereas hexadecene‐1, and the cyclic olefins 4‐vinyl‐cyclohexene, indene and dicyclopentadiene all showed marked fouling. The effects of heat flux, air versus nitrogen saturation, and the presence of an inhibitor were determined. The probable mechanism of fouling is discussed.
Solubilities of carbon dioxide, hydrogen sulfide and sulfur dioxide in physical solvents
Authors: Xu Yuming , Schutte Richard P. , Hepler Loren G. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractSolubilities expressed by Henry's law constants for carbon dioxide, hydrogen sulfide and sulfur dioxide in four physical solvents (propylene carbonate, N‐formyl morpholine, Selexol, and methyl cyanoacetate) have been measured at several temperatures ranging from 25°C to 70°C, using gas‐liquid chromatography. Thermodynamic properties including enthalpies and entropies of solution have been derived from the solubility data.
Ultrapyrolysis of automobile shredder residue
Authors: Shen Z. , Day M. , Cooney J. D. , Lu G. , Briens C. L. , Bergougnou M. A. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractA fast pyrolysis (Ultrapyrolysis) process was employed to convert automobile shredder residue (ASR) into chemical products. Experiments were conducted at atmospheric pressure and temperatures between 700 and 850°C with residence times between 0.3 and 1.4 seconds. Pyrolysis products included 59 to 68 mass% solid residue, 13 to 23 mass% pyrolysis gas (dry) and 4 to 12 mass% pyrolytic water from a feed containing 39 mass% organic matter and 2 mass% moisture. No measurable amounts of liquid pyrolysis oil were produced. The five most abundant pyrolysis gases, in vol%, were CO (18–29), CO2 (20–23), CH4 (17–22), C2H4 (20–22) and C3H6 (1–11), accounting for more than 90% of the total volume. The use of a higher organic content ASR feed (58 mass%) resulted in less solid residue and more pyrolysis gas. However, no significant changes were noted in the composition of the pyrolysis gas.
Gas phase flow in bubble columns: A convective phenomenon
Authors: Hyndman Caroline L. , Guy Christophe 
Published: March 2009

AbstractThe axial dispersion model has been commonly used to describe gas phase flow in bubble columns. Scatter in dispersion coefficients reported to date may be a result of the misuse of the axial dispersion model when a convective model would be more appropriate. Using simple tests with radioactive tracer response curve moments, convective and dispersive behaviours are differentiated. A convective model is presented. The model fits both tracer response curves and mean gas velocity well in both the bubbly and churn turbulent flow regimes, and may be used as a technique to calculate bubble rise velocity distributions.
Process design of condensers for vapor mixtures in the presence of non‐condensable gases
Authors: Mazzarotta Barbara , Sebastiani Enzo 
Published: March 2009

AbstractA mathematical model is proposed to design condensers for vapor mixtures containing a non‐condensable gas. The Colburn and Drew (1937) film model is used, assuming the liquid flux to be completely mixed, but taking into account the interactions due to diffusion in the gaseous mixture. Some computational examples are given to show how the present model compares with the previous ones for the condensation of water‐methanol in the presence of air in a single tube condenser, and how the condensation of water‐ethanol mixtures in the presence of carbon dioxide in a shell‐and‐tube condenser evolves at different operating conditions.
Factors affecting catalytic performance in yadh‐catalyzed reductions in non‐conventional media
Authors: Nikolova P. , Goldman H. , Ward O. P. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractThe effects of parameters including water content, the amount of celite and the co‐factor regeneration system on reduction of benzaldehyde to benzyl alcohol by yeast alcohol dehydrogenase (YADH) immobilized on celite in non‐conventional media were investigated. Kinetic parameters (apparent) such as Vmax, Km, and kcar for different organic solvents used (butyl acetate, hexane, heptane and i‐octane) were determined. Km values for benzaldehyde increased as the solvent was varied in the following manner: butyl acetate < hexane < i‐octane < heptane. The highest Km value (20.26 mmol/L) was noted in heptane and the lowest (3.24 mmol/L) in butyl acetate. The Vmax value in heptane was more than an order of magnitude higher than that in butyl acetate. Catalytic efficiencies (as expressed by kcar/Km) ranged from 0.703 × 10−4 L/mol · s for hexane to 0.171 × 10−4 L/mol · s for butyl acetate. In general, linear relationships were observed between kcar/Km and the following solvent physico‐chemical constants: dielectric constant logarithm of the saturated molar solubility of water in the organic solvents, log Sw/o, logarithm of partition coefficient of organic solvent in water/octanol two‐phase system, log P, Hildebrand solubility parameter, δ, and solvatochromism of pyridinium‐N‐phenoxide betaine dye, ET(30).