bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synthesis, Molecular Docking, and Antimicrobial Evaluation of 2-(Substituted Amino)-N-(6-Substituted-1,3-Benzothiazol-2yl) Acetamide
Authors: Pawar Smita , Kale Amol , Zori Priya , Zope Dhanashri 
Published: June 2024

Background:
The development of antimicrobial agents is crucial for several reasons,
primarily to combat infectious diseases and to address the growing threat of antimicrobial resistance.
The need for the continued development of antimicrobial drugs persists despite the presence
of many existing drugs for several reasons, viz emerging new pathogens and diseases, resistance
to existing drugs, and propagation of multidrug resistance to existing drugs.

Objective:
The objective of the study was to synthesize and evaluate the antimicrobial potential of
newly synthesized benzothiazole derivatives.

Methods:
A new series of 2-(substituted amino)-N-(6-substituted-1,3-benzothiazol-2yl)acetamide
BTC(a-t) has been synthesized by reacting it with chloracetyl chloride with substituted 2-amino
benzothiazole and further refluxed with various substituted amines to obtain target compounds.
The synthesized compounds were screened experimentally for their antimicrobial property against
gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria and fungi. The zone of inhibition and minimum inhibitory
concentration of compounds were determined against selected bacterial and fungal strains. Further
docking study was carried out to check the probable interactions with the selected protein using
V-life MDS 3.5 software (DNA gyrase, PDB: 3G75).

Result:
Compounds BTC-j N-(6-methoxy-1,3-benzothiazol-2-yl)-2-(pyridine-3-ylamino)acetamide
and BTC-r N-(6-nitro-1,3-benzothiazol-2-yl)-2-(pyridine-3-ylamino)acetamide were
found to have good antimicrobial potential. The compound BTC-j showed good antibacterial activity
against S. aureus at an MIC value of 12.5 μg/mL, B. subtilis at MIC of 6.25μg/mL, E. coli
at MIC of 3.125μg/mL, and P. aeruginosa at MIC of 6.25μg/mL. Thus, from the result, it was observed
that compounds BTC-j, BTC-f, BTC-n, and BTC-r exhibited significant antibacterial and
antifungal potential at different concentrations.

Conclusion:
The present study resulted in the successful synthesis of 2-acetamido substituted benzothiazole
derivatives BTC(a-t) with good yields. The dock score of the compounds and the antimicrobial
activity were found to be consistent. No statistical difference in the antimicrobial activity
of the standard and test compounds was found, indicating that the test compounds have comparable
activity. Therefore, benzothiazole linked to heterocyclic rings with an acetamide linkage
may serve as promising lead molecules for further optimization in the journey to discover potent
antibacterial agents. Thus, we conclude that the synthesized compounds have the potential for further
development as novel antimicrobial agents.
Early Outcomes of Hirschsprung's Disease after Definitive Surgery: A
Ten-Year Experience
Authors: Isa Muntadhar Muhammad , Syukri Maimun , ZA Muchlisin , Gunadi  , Syahputra Dian Adi , Yusriadi T. , Muzakkir Yumna , Maghfirah Siti 
Published: June 2024

Introduction:
This study aimed to examine the characteristics of Hirschsprung’s Disease (HD) in patients aged<18 who underwent surgical procedure at Dr. Zainoel Abidin (RSUDZA) General Hospital, Banda Aceh, Indonesia, between January 2010 and December 2020.

Methods:
This retrospective study collected and analyzed data from medical records of 18-yearold or younger children (n = 180) diagnosed with HD at RSUDZA. The surgical procedures included the Duhamel procedure, Soave procedure, the Soave Transanal Endorectal Pull-through
(TEPT) procedure, and the Swenson TEPT procedure. Early outcomes of the surgery were then
compared between males and females. The comparrative analysis was determined based on Chisquare analysis, where p<0.05 was considered significant.

Results:
There were 111 (61.7%) male patients and 69 (38.3%) female patients, with a mean age
of 15.2 months. The Soave TEPT is the most frequently performed procedure (91.7%). Emerging
clinical manifestations include constipation (176; 97.8%) and soiling (171; 95%). Preoperative barium enema and postoperative pathological examination confirmed that almost all patients (99.4%)
had an aganglionic segment confined to the rectosigmoid area. The average length of operation
was 69.7 ± 65 minutes and average bleeding time was 5.4 ± 34 mL. The average discharge time
was 3.3 ± 73.3 days. No significant difference was found in post-surgery complications between
males and females (p>0.5). The immediate complications were not associated with surgical methods (p = 0.83).

Conclusion:
Our descriptive study has suggested the Soave TEPT technique as appropriate to manage HD.
Advancements in Artificial Intelligence-mediated Fabrication of 3D, 4D, and 5D Printed for Fabrication of Drug Delivery Formulations
Authors: Yadav Shivani , Mishra Manoj Kumar 
Published: June 2024

:
One of the most powerful and inventive fabrication techniques used to create novel
structures and solid materials using precise additive manufacturing technology is 5D and 4D
printing, which is an improved version of 3D printing. It catches people's attention because of its
capacity to generate fast, highly complex, adaptable product design and fabrication. Real-time
sensing, change adaptation, and printing state prediction are made possible by this technology
with the use of artificial intelligence (AI). The process of 3D printing involves the use of sophisticated
materials and computer-aided design (CAD) with tomography scanning controlled by artificial
intelligence (AI). The printing material is deposited according to the specifications of the file,
typically in STL format; however, the printing process takes time.4D printing, which incorporates
intelligent materials with time as a fourth dimension, can solve this drawback. About 80% of the
time will be saved by this technique's self-repair and self-assembly qualities. One limitation of 3D
printing is that it cannot print complex shapes with curved surfaces. However, this limitation can
be solved by using 5D printing, which uses rotation of the print bed and extruder head to achieve
additive manufacturing in five different axes. Some printed materials are made sensitive to temperature,
humidity, light, and other parameters so they can respond to stimuli. With its effective
and efficient manufacturing for the necessary design precision, this review assesses the potential
of these procedures with AI intervention in medicine and pharmacy.
Ultrasound-assisted Extraction of β-glucan from Vietnam Pleurotus Citrinopileatus Enhances Anti-oxidant Activities
Authors: Nguyen Dung Tien , Nguyen Phuong Thi , Nguyen Bang Văn , Nguyen Chau Que , Vu Nhung Hong , Hoang Phuong Thi , La Duong Duc , Nguyen Phuong Thi Hoai 
Published: June 2024

Introduction:
Pleurotus citrinopileatus is a natural source of antioxidants and immune system support. Studies have shown that the glucan content in fresh Pleurotus citrinopileatus ranges from 10 to 40% by weight.

Methods:
β-glucan is extracted from Pleurotus citrinopileatus mainly by the hydrothermal
method. In this study, β-glucan was collected from Pleurotus citrinopileatus using an ultrasound-assisted hydrothermal method. Beta-glucan from Vietnam Pleurotus citrinopileatus was
evaluated through FTIR, UV-Vis, and SEM imaging. The optical absorption maximum of the
extract was recorded at a wavelength of 257 nm. The infrared wave bands in the dried product
were found to have characteristic functional groups of polysaccharide compounds. The morphology of β-glucan is a fiber with a diameter of 10÷15 um.

Results:
Bioassays of the antioxidant and immunogenicity of β-glucan from Pleurotus citrinopileatus using this technique are feasible.

Conclusion:
The study results show the potential of green and economic chemistry methods in
extracting β-glucan from Pleurotus citrinopileatus.
A Comprehensive Review on Transformative Role of Polymer in
Advancing Pharmaceutical Drug Delivery System
Authors: Bole Sandesh , Kothawade Sachin , Wagh Vaibhav , Pande Vishal 
Published: June 2024

:
The present analysis study emphasizes the polymers that are used to deliver therapeutic
agents through pharmaceutical drugs. Among such dosage forms are tablets, patches, cassettes,
films, semi-solids, and powders. The use of biodegradable polymers is becoming more
and more common. They can degrade into non-toxic monomers, and, more significantly, they
can be used to make controlled-release devices that release medications at a steady rate. Natural
polymers may facilitate the distribution of medications at predetermined rates. Their readily
available nature and advantageous physico-chemical characteristics make them a good candidate
for use in drug delivery systems. Due to their well-established biocompatibility and biodegradability,
biodegradable polymers possess extensive application within the biomedical field. In the
biomedical sector, polymers are typically utilized as implants because of their ability to provide
long-term capabilities. These advancements help to lessen adverse effects and other side effects
while simultaneously increasing the effectiveness of healthcare. The suffering that the sick endure.
Polymers are mainly used to extend the release period of pharmaceuticals and shield them
against physiological circumstances. The polymer releases medication to promote swelling,
breakdown, and diffusion. The review also presents mucoadhesive functions and characteristics.
Systems for delivering medications already make use of plant-based polymers.
Micro-Milli Scale for the Removal of Iron and Copper by a Positively
Charged Foam before Nickel Colorimetric Detection using Handy
Spectrometer
Authors: Ayutthaya Piyanat Issarangkura Na , Vongboot Monnapat 
Published: June 2024

Introduction:
Simple alternative detection of nickel with iron and copper as interferences was proposed. The procedure was based on sampling a milligram sample and a micro-milliliter operation.

Methods:
The method has been applied to jewelry items. A 50 mg sample was digested by 5 mL of nitric acid with heating. The obtained solution was added with KSCN before passing through polyurethane foam (PUF) (1 cm i.d. × 8 cm length). Some metal ions-SCN complexed (e.g., Fe(III) and Cu(II)) were retained in the column while Ni(II) ions were in the eluate. A 200-500 µL aliquot was added with 4-(2-pyridylazo)-resorcinol (PAR) as the color reagent. At least 30 µL of a portion was measured for the absorbance of the color product using a handy spectrometer.

Results:
The positively charged foam could remove iron and copper altogether before
determining nickel. A standard calibration was a plot of absorbance versus Ni(II) concentration
for 1-30 mg/L: absorbance = 0.0123[Ni(II), mg/L] + 0.0435 (R2=0.9945) with a limit of
detection (LOD) and limit of quantitation (LOQ) of 0.24 mg/L and 0.81 mg/L, respectively. Two
bracelet samples showed the presence of nickel at 0.97 ± 0.25 and 0.27 ± 0.04 mg/g,
respectively, and agreed with the reference FlameAAS method.

Conclusion:
The proposed method could be used to assay nickel in samples containing high
levels of iron and copper, such as jewelry. This will benefit general wearers with health concerns
associated with nickel, particularly in case of inexpensive accessories. The handy spectrometer
used in the study might make be helpful to carry out these studies with a limited tight budget.
Application of Image Processing for COVID-19: A Review
Authors: Biswas Suparna 
Published: June 2024

Abstract:
The outburst of COVID-19 was first detected in Wuhan city of China as an unidentified
viral disease at the end of 2019, and consequently it has spread all over the world as a pandemic.
COVID-19 mostly spreads through close contact, respiratory droplets through coughing, talking and
sneezing, and cluster infections. Different countries have invented different vaccines to stabilize the
pandemic situation. But until now, it is not stabilized and every day, a large percentage of people are
getting infected and sometimes, in severe cases, it results in the loss of life. Many researchers are
working in different ways to protect, diagnose, and early detection of coronavirus disease (COVID-
19). Different image processing techniques, along with modern technologies like machine learning,
Artificial Intelligence, Deep Learning, have already been used to fight against this disease. In this
study, we have reviewed all applications of image processing for the diagnosis of COVID-19 patients
in detail. At first, we reviewed X-ray image-based techniques to diagnose COVID-19 patients
along with their drawbacks and results. Then CT scan picture-based various techniques are discussed
for the diagnosis and for the treatment of this disease. At last, we have reviewed different ultrasound
images based on various techniques to measure the severity of COVID-19 patients. All techniques
are discussed with their merits and demerits along with their applications.
Gobernanza de la Inteligencia Artificial mediada por gobierno de TIC en la Educación Superior: Literatura científica y no convencional, 2020-2023
Authors: Castañeda de León Luz María 
Published: June 2024

El presente trabajo constituye una primera aproximación a la gobernanza de la inteligencia artificial mediada por el gobierno de las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación en las instituciones de educación superior, con el objeto de identificar si el marco de gobierno de las TIC requiere trasformaciones intrínsecas para gobernar a la inteligencia artificial. Metodología: Búsqueda sistemática basada en PRISMA. Conclusiones: (1) los marcos de gobierno de TIC requieren necesariamente adaptarse para un gobierno sensato de la IA. (2) La literatura no convencional es, en la actualidad, el espacio donde se debate con mayor profundidad el gobierno de la inteligencia artificial.
The Effect of Voluntary IFRS Adoption on MD&A Information
Authors: Inoue Kento , Hirose Yoshitaka 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACTWe analyze the textual management discussion and analysis (MD&A) information of Japanese firms that voluntarily adopted International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) and disclosed information in the Japanese language. We conduct a difference-in-differences analysis of firms that voluntarily adopted IFRS and those that continue to use Japanese generally accepted accounting principles. We find that the voluntary adoption of IFRS decreases the textual length but does not change the difficulty of MD&A information. The results indicate that IFRS adoption decreases the level of MD&A disclosure. However, the decrease in textual length is not observed after the 2018 MD&A regulation changes. This suggests that the negative effect of IFRS adoption is offset by the positive effect of the regulation change. This study is unlike previous research as it contributes to international accounting literature by analyzing financial reporting in a non-English language, viz. Japanese, which is, technically, a very difficult language.Data Availability: All financial data and some textual data used in this study are available from commercial providers (NEEDS–FinancialQUEST2.0, NEEDS–MT Executive (Yakuin), and eol), and the other textual data are available from a governmental public source (EDINET).JEL Classifications: M41; M48; G14.
Expression of Beclin-1 and Caspase-3 After the Myocardial Contusion in Rats With High and Low Stress Resistance
Authors: Klyuchnikova E. I. , Korpacheva O. V. , Mozgovoi S. I. , Zolotov A. N. , Kononov A. V. 
Published: June 2024

Aim. To evaluate the activity of autophagy and apoptosis in the myocardium of rats with differentstress resistance after the modeling of myocardial contusion.Materials and Methods. The study was performed on 106 white male rats weighing 250-300 g. The rats were ranked according to stress tolerance, and medium-resistant individuals (n = 42) were excluded from the experiment. Control (n = 16) and experimental (n = 48) groups were formed from the remaining animals; the control group included subgroups with high and low stress resistance, and the experimental group included 6 subgroups (rats with high and low stress resistance; 6, 12, and 24-hour time points). Each of the subgroups included 8 animals. Myocardial contusion was modeled in the experimental group. At 6-, 12- and 24-hour time point, rat hearts have been excised and 5×5 mm myocardial fragments were dissected from the areas with the most prominent traumatic effects (interventricular septum, anterior walls of the left and right ventricles). Tissues were then sectioned and stained with antibodies to Beclin-1 and caspase-3.Results. We have documented a significant expression of Beclin-1 and Caspase 3 expression in rat hearts after myocardial contusion. From 6 to 24 hours upon the myocardial contusion, Beclin-1 expression has been increased in rats with high stress resistance but was reduced in rats with low stress resistance. Expression of caspase-3 expression was registered exclusively at 24-hour time point in rats with high stress resistant but increased along the time points in rats with low stress resistance.Conclusion. Expression of Beclin-1 and caspase-3 in rat myocardium indicated autophagy and apoptosis upon the myocardial contusion. Temporal patterns of Beclin-1 and caspase-3 expression were opposite in rats with high and low stress resistance.
ANALISIS KEBUTUHAN MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN BERBASIS IOT PADA MATAKULIAH MICROPROSESSOR
Authors: Isnaini Muhammad , Hutahaean Harvei Desmon , Dewy Mega Silfia 
Published: June 2024

Abstrak : Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan kebutuhan mahasiswa pada media pembelajaran berbasis IoT matakuliah Sistem Microprosessor. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kualitatif dengan menggunakan metode survei dalam mengidentifikasi kebutuhan mahasiswa pada matakuliah Sistem Microprosessor. Dalam penelitian ini, analisis kebutuhan mengacu pada pencapaian hasil belajar mahasiswa, kegunaan dan masalah yang dihadapi mahasiswa dalam penggunaan media pembelajaran serta perumusan media yang dibutuhkan dalam pembelajaran tersebut. Subjek penelitian ini adalah 20 orang mahasiswa dan 2 orang dosen matakuliah Sistem Microprosessor Prodi Pendidikan Teknik Fakultas Teknik Universitas Negeri Medan. Data diperoleh dengan menggunakan angket kuesioner dan dianalisis kemudian membuat kesimpulan berdasarkan interpretasi hasil analisis. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa; 1) Masih banyak mahasiswa yang nilai pembelajarannya dibawah standar sebesar 68,75%, 2) Keterbatasan penggunaan media pembelajaran untuk mendukung pembelajaran Sistem Microprosessor, 3) Media yang perlu dikembangkan untuk pembelajaran Sistem Microprosessor adalah media pembelajaran berbasis IoT untuk mendukung pembelajaran Sistem Microprosessor. Kata Kunci: Media Pembelajaran, IoT, Sistem Microprosessor Abstract: This study aims to describe the needs of students in IoT-based learning media for the Microprocessor System course. This research is a qualitative descriptive research using a survey method in identifying student needs in the Microprocessor System course. In this study, needs analysis refers to the achievement of student learning outcomes, the usefulness and problems faced by students in the use of learning media and the formulation of the media needed in the learning. The subjects of this study are 20 students and 2 lecturers of the Microprocessor System course, Engineering Education Study Program, Faculty of Engineering, State University of Medan. Data was obtained using a questionnaire questionnaire and analyzed and then made conclusions based on the interpretation of the analysis results. The results of the study show that; 1) There are still many students whose learning score is below the standard of 68.75%, 2) Limited use of learning media to support Microprocessor System learning, 3) Media that needs to be developed for Microprocessor System learning is IoT-based learning media to support Microprocessor System learning.. Keywords: Learning Media, IoT, Microprocessor System
ANALISIS KOORDINASI RELE ARUS LEBIH PADA SISTEM PROTEKSI PEMBANGKIT LISTRIK TENAGA AIR JELOK PADA MATA KULIAH PROTEKSI SISTEM TENAGA LISTRIK
Authors: Simamora Yoakim , Dewy Mega Silfia , Silitonga Agnes Irene 
Published: June 2024

Abstrak: Pembaharuan setting rele arus lebih dan rele gangguan fasa ke tanah pada sistem proteksi di PLTA Jelok sangat diperlukan karena belum adanya pembaharuan nilai setting semenjak PLTA Jelok berdiri pada tahun 1935. Sistem proteksi yang cepat, handal, selektif dan ekonomis perlu ditingkatkan sesuai dengan nilai beban terbaru dan gangguan hubung singkat yang mungkin terjadi. Dalam melakukan setting rele tersebut diperlukan pemilihan nilai arus pickup dan waktu kerja yang sesuai dengan batas perhitungan dari parameter arus beban penuh, arus hubung singkat maksimum dan arus hubung singkat minimum. Kemudian koordinasi antar rele dapat dianalisa menggunakan kurva plot arus terhadap waktu pada program ETAP 12.6. Setting rele pada penelitian ini dinyatakan handal karena kurva terletak dalam batas aman yaitu di sebelah kanan garis arus beban penuh dan inrush transformator serta di sebelah kiri garis damage curve. Kata Kunci: proteksi, rele, setting, koordinasi, kurva. Abstract: Renewal setting of over current relay and ground fault relay in the PLTA Jelok’s protection system is important because there is no change in the setting value since PLTA Jelok stood in the 1935. Fast, reliable, selective and economical protection system needs to be improved according to the latest load values and short circuit that may occur. For setting these relays, the required selection of the pickup current value and the working time based on the calculation limit of the full load current, maximum short circuit current and minimum short circuit current. Then the coordination of relays can be analyzed using the time-current plot curve on ETAP 12.6 program. Relays setting of this research are reliable because the curve location is on the right of full load ampere line and transformer inrush and also on the left of damage curve.. Keywords: protection, relay, setting, coordination, curve.
Seven-Year Follow-Up of Tumors in Young Dogs in the Republic of Serbia
Authors: Aleksić-Kovačević Sanja , Gligorić Srđan , Vučićević Ivana , Kukolj Vladimir 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Although the incidence of neoplasms increases with age, some tumors occur more commonly in younger dogs. Still, little information is available on the occurrence of neoplasms in dogs up to the age of 24 months. This study is a retrospective review of histopathological diagnoses of neoplasia at our laboratory during the last seven years (2017–2023) in two groups of dogs: group up to the age of 12 months and group from 13 to 24 months. In a total of 3704 neoplasms found in different dog tissues, 74 (2.00%) were identified in dogs up to 12 months and 135 (3.64%) in dogs aged 13 to 24 months. Canine cutaneous histiocytoma was the most frequent in both groups:41 cases (54.41%) in dogs up to 12 months, followed by 39 cases (28.89%) in those up to 24 months. In the present analysis of the group up to 12 months, 82.43% of tumors (n = 61) were benign, and 17.57% (n=13) were malignant, followed by 68.15% (n=92) benign neoplasms, and 31.85% (n=43) malignant in dogs aged from 13 to 24 months. French bulldogs and mixed-breed dogs were the most frequently affected. These data provide valuable epidemiological information on neoplasms in young dogs in the Republic of Serbia.