bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Transcatheter aortic valve implantation
Authors: Gurvitch Ronen , Tay Edgar L. , Wijesinghe Namal , Ye J. , Nietlispach Fabian , Wood David A. , Lichtenstein Samuel , Cheung Anson , Webb John G. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractBackground: Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) is a rapidly evolving strategy for therapy of aortic stenosis. We describe the effect of the learning curve from the first 270 high‐risk patients in Vancouver, Canada. Methods: Patients underwent TAVI by transfemoral (63%) or transapical (37%) routes using balloon expandable valves. The experience was divided into the first half (FH, patients 1–135) and second half (SH, patients 136–270). Results: The mean age was 83.2 ± 8 years (FH 83 ± 12 vs. SH 81 ± 7 years, P = 0.12). The mean Society of Thoracic Surgeons Score (STS) was 9.5% ± 5.2%‐ FH 10.5 vs. SH 8.5% (P = 0.01). The overall procedural success rate in the FH was 92.6%, improving to 97.8% in the SH (P = 0.05). The transfemoral procedural success improved—FH 89.3% to SH 98.8% (P = 0.01). The transapical procedural success remained high—FH 98.0% to SH 96.1% (P = 0.53). The overall 30‐day mortality was 9.6%, improving from FH 13.3% to SH 5.9% (P = 0.04). In the transfemoral cases, 30‐day mortality decreased by 56% [10.7–4.7%, P = 0.14], and similarly in transapical cases [17.6–7.8%, P = 0.14]. In‐hospital stroke occurred in 3.3% (FH 3.7% vs. SH 2.9%, P = 0.74). The overall need for a new permanent pacemaker was 5.9% (FH 5.9% vs. SH 5.9%, P = 1). The overall major vascular injury rate was 6.7% (FH 8.1% vs. SH 5.2%, P = 0.33). The overall incidence of coronary vessel occlusion was 1.1% (FH 1.5 % vs. SH 0.7%, P = 0.56). Device embolization or failure to cross the valve was rare and largely seen in the FH only. Procedural experience (>135 procedures) was an independent predictor of 30‐day survival (HR: 6.7, 95% CI: 1.2–18.1, P = 0.03). Conclusion: TAVI outcomes improve with experience and device development. While overall complication rates are low, scope remains to further reduce procedural adverse events.© 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Drying Experiments in a Hydrophobic Model Porous Medium in the Presence of a Dissolved Salt
Authors: Eloukabi H. , Sghaier N. , Prat M. , Ben Nassrallah S. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractThe evaporation of an aqueous NaCl solution in a hydrophobic two‐dimensional model porous medium was studied experimentally. The process is characterized by the formation of efflorescence at the porous medium surface. It is shown that the onset of efflorescence formation and its growth depends on the initial solution concentration. The experiments show that the invasion patterns are little affected by the presence of salt, but that the efflorescence contributes to gradually increase of the evaporation rate as the initial concentration in salt is increased. Then, a second phase was identified where the efflorescence dries out and drying becomes very slow. Results suggest that there exists an initial concentration marking the transition between the regime with high impact of efflorescence and the regime with low impact of efflorescence.
Yolk‐Shell Gold Nanoparticles as Model Materials for Support‐Effect Studies in Heterogeneous Catalysis: Au, @C and Au, @ZrO2for CO Oxidation as an Example
Authors: Galeano Carolina , Güttel Robert , Paul Michael , Arnal Pablo , Lu An‐Hui , Schüth Ferdi 
Published: June 2011

AbstractThe use of nanostructured yolk‐shell materials offers a way to discriminate support and particle‐size effects for mechanistic studies in heterogeneous catalysis. Herein, gold yolk‐shell materials have been synthesized and used as model catalysts for the investigation of support effects in CO oxidation. Carbon has been selected as catalytically inert support to study the intrinsic activity of the gold nanoparticles, and for comparison, zirconia has been used as oxidic support. Au, @C materials have been synthesized through nanocasting using two different nonporous‐core@mesoporous‐shell exotemplates: Au@SiO2@ZrO2and Au@SiO2@m‐SiO2. The catalytic activity of Au, @C with a gold core of about 14 nm has been evaluated and compared with Au, @ZrO2of the same gold core size. The strong positive effect of metal oxide as support material on the activity of gold has been proved. Additionally, size effects were investigated using carbon as support to determine only the contribution of the nanoparticle size on the catalytic activity of gold. Therefore, Au, @C with a gold core of about 7 nm was studied showing a less pronounced positive effect on the activity than the metal oxide support effect.
Rational Design of Complex Borides – One‐Electron‐Step Evolution from Soft to Semi‐Hard Itinerant Ferromagnets in the New Boride Series Ti2FeRu5–nRhnB2(1 ≤n≤ 5)
Authors: Fokwa Boniface P. T. , Lueken Heiko , Dronskowski Richard 
Published: June 2011

AbstractThe new Ti2FeRu5–nRhnB2series (n= 1–5) was synthesized by arc melting of stoichiometric amounts of the elements. These phases were characterized by X‐ray diffraction methods as well as EDX measurements. All phases in the series are isostructural and crystallize with the Ti3Co5B2type structure (space groupP4/mbm, no. 127). Magnetic susceptibility measurements reveal that all phases order ferromagnetically below Curie temperatures found between 220 and 390 K. Furthermore, a strong dependence of the coercive field as a function of VEC (valence electron count) is observed in the series: An evolution from soft (in the Rh‐richer and VE‐richer region) to semi‐hard (in the Ru‐richer and VE‐poorer region) magnetic materials is found.
Efficient Intramolecular Hydroarylation Catalysed by BiIII Triflate
Authors: Cacciuttolo Bastien , Poulain‐Martini Sophie , Duñach Elisabet 
Published: June 2011

AbstractNon‐activated aromatic compounds bearing unsaturated side‐chains afford tetralin and benzosuberan derivatives in good yields in an atom‐economic, environmentally friendly process catalysed by bismuth(III) trifluromethanesulfonate.
Preparation and characterization of bioactive mesoporous calcium silicate–silk fibroin composite films
Authors: Zhu Hailin , Wu Binwei , Feng Xinxing , Chen Jianyong 
Published: June 2011

AbstractComposite films of bioactive mesoporous calcium silicate (MCS)/silk fibroin (SF) and conventional calcium silicate (CS)/SF were fabricated by the solvent casting method, and the structures and properties of the composite films were characterized. Results of field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) indicated that MCS or CS was uniformly dispersed in the SF films. The measurements of the water contact angles suggested that the incorporation of either MCS or CS into SF could improve the hydrophilicity of the composite films, and the former was more effective than the later. The bioactivity of the composite films was evaluated by soaking in a simulated body fluid (SBF), and the formation of a hydroxycarbonate apatite (HCA) layer was determined by XRD and FT‐IR. The results showed that the MCS/SF composite films have significantly enhanced apatite‐forming bioactivity compared with the CS/SF composite films owing to the highly specific surface area and pore volume of MCS.In vitrocell attachment and proliferation tests showed that the MCS/SF composite film was a good matrix for the growth of MG63 cells. Consequently, the MCS/SF composite film possessed excellent physicochemical and biological properties, indicating its potential application for bone tissue engineering by designing 3D scaffolds according to its corresponding composition. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2011.
Stabilization of a monoclonal antibody during purification and formulation by addition of basic amino acid excipients
Authors: Falconer Robert J , Chan Cherrine , Hughes Karen , Munro Trent P 
Published: June 2011

AbstractBACKGROUND: Protein stability of therapeutic monoclonal antibodies during processing and final storage is imperative for the commercial success of the product. Amino acid addition is one of the options for stabilization of proteins that can be employed during the manufacturing process and storage.RESULTS: Use of arginine in the elution buffer during Protein A purification and subsequent neutralization doubled the yield of antibody compared with the original glycine‐based elution buffer. The role of amino acids in stabilizing monoclonal antibody liquid formulations was then studied using differential scanning calorimetry. Increase in the unfolding transition temperatures (Tm) of immunoglobulin G (IgG) was measured after supplementing a glycine buffer with a range of amino acids. The basic amino acids histidine, lysine, and arginine stabilized all three domains of IgG. The neutral amino acids serine and alanine provided less stabilization; glutamine, proline, and the acidic amino acids provided negligible stabilization.CONCLUSION: The positive charge on the side‐chain of histidine, lysine, and arginine appears to be the most important factor affecting the IgG stabilization. It is probable that the mechanism for IgG stabilisation is the same for all of the basic amino acids and that it binds transiently to IgG side chains, altering water populations in the solvation shell, making unfolding and aggregation less energetically favourable. Copyright © 2011 Society of Chemical Industry
Syntheses of new benzoxazole derivatives
Authors: Youssef Chiraz , Ammar Hamed Ben , Belhouchet Mohamed , Beydoun Kassem , Salem Ridha Ben , Doucet Henri , Dixneuf Pierre H. 
Published: June 2011

Abstract2‐(Arylidene)cyanomethylbenzoxazoles have been prepared in water from benzoxazole‐2‐ylacetonitriles. Using multi‐component reactions, a variety of heterocycles containing benzoxazole and nitrile functionality has been prepared. J. Heterocyclic Chem., (2011).
Hedgehog signaling protein expression and its association with prognostic parameters in prostate cancer: A retrospective study from the view point of new 2010 anatomic stage/prognostic groups
Authors: Kim Tae‐Jung , Lee Ji Youl , Hwang Tae‐Kon , Kang Chang Suk , Choi Yeong‐Jin 
Published: June 2011

AbstractBackgroundThe expression of Hedgehog (Hh) signaling pathway in prostate cancer is well‐known but its clinicopathologic role has not been elucidated well.MethodsProstatectomy cases of prostate cancer (n = 155) were prepared and assessed by clinicopathologic parameters including new 2010 anatomic stage/prognostic groups (ASPG) of prostate cancer. The expression of five Hh signaling proteins including Sonic hedgehog (Shh), Patched, Smoothened, and GLIoma‐associated oncogene, in addition with Suppressor of fused (Su(fu)) were analyzed immunohistochemically. Real‐time polymerase chain reaction was performed to assess the mRNA expression status.ResultsThe expression of each Hh signaling protein was significantly correlated with poor prognostic parameters such as larger tumor size, high pretreatment prostate‐specific antigen (PSA), high Gleason score, perineural invasion and new ASPG. Among Hh signaling proteins, Sonic hedgehog and Smoothened expressions tend to have a significantly higher risk of PSA recurrence (P < 0.001 and P = 0.011, respectively). Multivariate analysis proved Shh expression as independent prognostic factors of PSA recurrence along with Gleason score, ASPG, tumor volume, and pretreatment PSA.ConclusionsHh signaling activity is significantly associated with worse prognostic parameters. Shh can be regarded as a poor prognostic factor for PSA recurrence. J. Surg. Oncol. 2011; 104:472–479. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Effects of MDM2 promoter polymorphisms and p53 codon 72 polymorphism on risk and age at onset of squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck
Authors: Yu Hongping , Huang Yu‐jing , Liu Zhensheng , Wang Li‐E , Li Guojun , Sturgis Erich M. , Johnson David G. , Wei Qingyi 
Published: June 2011

AbstractBoth p53 tumor suppressor and murine double minute 2 (MDM2) oncoprotein are crucial in carcinogenesis. We hypothesized that MDM2 promoter single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) SNP309 T > G, A2164G, and p53 codon 72 are associated with risk and age at onset of squamous cell carcinoma of head and neck (SCCHN). We genotyped these SNPs in a study of 1,083 Caucasian SCCHN cases and 1,090 cancer‐free controls. Although none of these SNPs individually had a significant effect on risk of SCCHN, nor did their combined putative risk genotypes (i.e., MDM2 SNP309 GT + GG, 2164 AA, and p53 codon 72 CC), we found that individuals with two to three risk genotypes had significantly increased risk of non‐oropharyngeal cancer (OR = 1.42; 95% CI = 1.07–1.88). This increased risk was more pronounced among young subjects, men, smokers, and drinkers. In addition, female patients carrying the MDM2 SNP309 GT and GG genotypes showed a 3‐yr (56.7 yr) and 9‐yr (51.2 yr) earlier age at onset of non‐oropharyngeal cancer (Ptrend = 0.007), respectively, compared with those carrying the TT genotype (60.1 yr). The youngest age (42.5 yr) at onset of non‐oropharyngeal cancer was observed in female patients with the combined MDM2 SNP309 GG and p53 codon 72 CC genotypes. The findings suggest that MDM2 SNP309, A2164G, and p53 codon 72 SNPs may collectively contribute to non‐oropharyngeal cancer risk and that MDM2 SNP309 individually or in combination with p53 codon 72 may accelerate the development of non‐oropharyngeal cancer in women. Further studies with large sample sizes are warranted to validate these results. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
DC and RF performance of an In0.1Ga0.9N/InN high electron mobility transistor
Authors: Muhtadi Sakib M. , Sajjad Hossain S. M. , Bhuiyan Ashraful G. , Sugita K. , Hashimoto A. , Yamamoto A. , Mofazzal Hossain M. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractThis paper reports on a theoretical analysis of DC and RF performances of a novel In0.1Ga0.9N/InN HEMT. A very high cut‐off frequency and attractive DC characteristics have been predicted. A simple analytical model is used to explain the DC characteristics. The cut‐off frequency which has been found more than 0.6 THz for a gate length of 0.1 µm is explained with low‐field mobility. The maximum drain current and transconductance have been found around 1000 mA/mm and 625 mS/mm, respectively. Similar analysis have been performed for the conventional AlGaN/GaN HEMT and compared with the proposed InGaN/InN HEMT. The predicted results are found to be in good agreement with previously published results. The calculated results show that InN‐based HEMT has very high cut‐off frequency and transconductance when compared with the conventional GaN‐based HEMT for the same gate length. (© 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Polarization induced doping in graded AlGaN films
Authors: Li Shibin , Ware Morgan E. , Kunets Vasyl P. , Hawkridge Mike , Minor Paul , Wu Jiang , Salamo Gregory J. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractHere, we report on initial experiments to use the space charge of the changing internal polarization field from graded AlGaN films in a simple p‐n junction device. Our devices are fabricated from films which are graded from GaN to AlGaN then reverse graded back to GaN without the intentional addition of impurity dopants. Structural characterization of the films is reported through X‐Ray diffraction, reciprocal space maps, and temperature dependent I‐V measurements are used to demonstrate the rectifying behaviour of the device (© 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Self‐Assembly of Hydrophilic Homopolymers: A Matter of RAFT End Groups
Authors: Du Jianzhong , Willcock Helen , Patterson Joseph P. , Portman Ian , O'Reilly Rachel K. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractUnusual self‐assembly behavior is observed for a range of hydrophilic homopolymers. This self‐assembly behavior is contrary to the expected behavior of such hydrophilic polymers and instead mimics more commonly reported amphiphilic block copolymers. It is proposed that the unique combination of hydrophobic end groups at both the α and ω chain end accounts for this unusual self‐assembly behavior. Complex internal polymer micelles are spontaneously formed when hydrophilic homopolymer polyelectrolytes and neutral polymers (with a weight fraction of the hydrophobic end groups <10 wt%) are directly dissolved in water. The homopolymers, poly[2‐(diethylamino)ethyl methacrylate], poly(N‐isopropylacrylamide), and poly(ethoxyethylacrylate) are synthesized by reversible addition–fragmentation chain‐transfer (RAFT) polymerization using S′‐1‐dodecyl‐(S′)‐(α,α′‐dimethyl‐α″‐acetic acid) trithiocarbonate (DDMAT) and its derivatives as chain transfer agents (CTAs). A range of polyelectrolyte homopolymers with different terminal groups are designed and synthesized, which under acidic aqueous solution direct the self‐assembly to form well‐defined nanostructures. This assembly behavior was also observed for neutral polymers, and it was determined that the structure of the hydrophobic end groups (and thus choice of RAFT CTA) are very important in facilitating this unusual self‐assembly behavior of hydrophilic homopolymers. It is proposed that the functionality of commonly used CTAs such as DDMAT, can affect the solution association of the resultant homopolymers and can in fact afford ABA′ type polymers, which can undergo self‐assembly to form higher‐order nanostructures.
Dura Mater Stimulates Human Adipose-Derived Stromal Cells to Undergo Bone Formation in Mouse Calvarial Defects
Authors: Levi Benjamin , Nelson Emily R. , Li Shuli , James Aaron W. , Hyun Jeong S. , Montoro Daniel T. , Lee Min , Glotzbach Jason P. , Commons George W. , Longaker Michael T. 
Published: June 2011

Abstract
Human adipose-derived stromal cells (hASCs) have a proven capacity to aid in osseous repair of calvarial defects. However, the bone defect microenvironment necessary for osseous healing is not fully understood. In this study, we postulated that the cell-cell interaction between engrafted ASCs and host dura mater (DM) cells is critical for the healing of calvarial defects. hASCs were engrafted into critical sized calvarial mouse defects. The DM-hASC interaction was manipulated surgically by DM removal or by insertion of a semipermeable or nonpermeable membrane between DM and hASCs. Radiographic, histologic, and gene expression analyses were performed. Next, the hASC-DM interaction is assessed by conditioned media (CM) and coculture assays. Finally, bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling from DM was investigated in vivo using novel BMP-2 and anti-BMP-2/4 slow releasing scaffolds. With intact DM, osseous healing occurs both from host DM and engrafted hASCs. Interference with the DM-hASC interaction dramatically reduced calvarial healing with abrogated BMP-2–Smad-1/5 signaling. Using CM and coculture assays, mouse DM cells stimulated hASC osteogenesis via BMP signaling. Through in vivo manipulation of the BMP-2 pathway, we found that BMP-2 plays an important role in DM stimulation of hASC osteogenesis in the context of calvarial bone healing. BMP-2 supplementation to a defect with disrupted DM allowed for bone formation in a nonhealing defect. DM is an osteogenic cell type that both participates in and stimulates osseous healing in a hASC-engrafted calvarial defect. Furthermore, DM-derived BMP-2 paracrine stimulation appears to play a key role for hASC mediated repair.
Brief Report: Evaluating the Potential of Putative Pluripotent Cells Derived from Human Testis
Authors: Ko Kinarm , Reinhardt Peter , Tapia Natalia , Schneider Rebekka K. , Araúzo-Bravo Marcos J. , Han Dong Wook , Greber Boris , Kim Julee , Kliesch Sabine , Zenke Martin , Schöler Hans R. 
Published: June 2011

Abstract
Human adult germline stem cells (haGSCs) were established from human testicular biopsies and were claimed to be pluripotent. Recently, the gene expression profile of haGSCs demonstrated that these cells presented with a fibroblast rather than a pluripotent identity. Nevertheless, haGSCs were reported to generate teratomas. In this report, we address this discrepancy. Instead of using haGSCs, which are no longer available for the stem cell community, we used a human testicular fibroblastic cell (hTFC) line that presents with a gene expression profile highly similar to that of haGSCs. Indeed, as shown by microarray analysis, the similarity between hTFCs and haGSCs is comparable to human embryonic stem cell (hESC) lines derived by different laboratories. We argue that the almost identical gene expression profile of hTFCs and haGSCs should result in a very similar if not identical differentiation potential. Strikingly, hTFCs were not able to generate teratomas after injection into nude mice. Instead, they formed a mesenchymal lesion that morphologically resembled the putative haGSC-derived teratomas reported previously. We conclude that haGSCs, which exhibit a profile similar to that of fibroblasts and could not generate teratomas, are not pluripotent. Future work will have to show if pluripotent cells can be derived from human testicular biopsies. Mouse work and certain testicular germ cell tumors indicate that this will be possible.
Mitigating subsynchronous resonance and damping power system oscillation in a series compensated wind park using a novel static synchronous series compensator control algorithm
Authors: El‐Moursi Mohamed S. 
Published: June 2011

ABSTRACTThis paper presents a novel damping control algorithm for static synchronous series compensator (SSSC) in a series compensated wind park for mitigating subsynchronous resonance (SSR) and for damping power system oscillations. The sample test system, adapted from the IEEE first benchmark model on SSR replacing the synchronous generator, is employed aggregating wind park based self‐excited induction generator. Consequently, it investigates the SSR phenomena and the damping power system oscillation while integrating large wind park based on SEIG. The potential occurrence and mitigation of the SSR caused by induction generator effects as well as torsional interactions, in a series compensated wind park, are investigated. The auxiliary subsynchronous damping control loops for the SSSC based on a novel design procedure of non‐linear optimization are developed. The performance of the controller is tested in steady state operation and in response to system contingencies, taking into account the impact of short circuit ratios (SCRs). The simulation results are presented to demonstrate the capability of the controllers for mitigating the SSR, damping the power system oscillation and enhancing the transient stability margin in response to different SCRs. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.