bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Postoperative pain experience and barriers to pain management in Chinese adult patients undergoing thoracic surgery
Authors: Yin Hai Hui , Tse Mimi MY , Wong Frances KY 
Published: October 2011

Aims.  The purpose of this study was (1) to explore postoperative pain experience among Chinese thoracotomy patients during hospitalisation; (2) to identify patient‐related barriers to pain management; and (3) to explore how these barriers were related to patients’ pain experience.Background.  Major thoracotomy causes severe pain and extreme stress for patients. Unrelieved postoperative pain leads to high risks of postoperative complications and chronic post‐thoracotomy pain syndrome, compromising the quality of life for those patients.Design.  Cross‐sectional design.Methods.  A tertiary general hospital in mainland China was selected for this study. A total of 94 patients undergoing scheduled major thoracotomy operations participated in the study. All patients completed Brief Pain Inventory‐Chinese version, the Barrier Questionnaire‐Taiwan Form Surgical version and a demographic questionnaire.Results.  Patients suffered moderate to severe pain and experienced extremely high interferences with daily activities after major thoracotomy operation. Patients reported the four highest barrier scores in the subscale of Barrier Questionnaire‐Taiwan Form Surgical version were fear of tolerance, inhibition of wound healing, time intervals and distracting the physician from treating the disease. Patient’s demographic data had no significant impact on their concerns about communicating pain and using of analgesics with exception of the subscale ‘fatalism’ of the Barrier Questionnaire–Taiwan Form Surgical version in patients with higher education levels or patients with ‘non‐farmer’ occupation. However, there were no significant correlations indicated either between Barrier Questionnaire–Taiwan Form Surgical version score and pain severity or pain interference.Conclusions.  Patients were underexposure of pain treatment after thoracotomy operation in the study, while patients’ concerns about reporting pain and using analgesics had minimal impacts on their pain experience.Relevance to clinical practice.  Education approach for patients is inadequate to improve the status of unrelieved postoperative pain. Appropriate pain management regime together with attentive nursing care should be provided to achieve better pain relief for Chinese patients.
The fruit cuticles of wild tomato species exhibit architectural and chemical diversity, providing a new model for studying the evolution of cuticle function
Authors: Yeats Trevor H. , Buda Gregory J. , Wang Zhonghua , Chehanovsky Noam , Moyle Leonie C. , Jetter Reinhard , Schaffer Arthur A. , Rose Jocelyn K. C. 
Published: October 2011

SummaryThe cuticle covers the aerial epidermis of land plants and plays a primary role in water regulation and protection from external stresses. Remarkable species diversity in the structure and composition of its components, cutin and wax, have been catalogued, but few functional or genetic correlations have emerged. Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) is part of a complex of closely related wild species endemic to the northern Andes and the Galapagos Islands (Solanum Sect. Lycopersicon). Although sharing an ancestor <7 million years ago, these species are found in diverse environments and are subject to unique selective pressures. Furthermore, they are genetically tractable, since they can be crossed with S. lycopersicum, which has a sequenced genome. With the aim of evaluating the relationships between evolution, structure and function of the cuticle, we characterized the morphological and chemical diversity of fruit cuticles of seven species from Solanum Sect. Lycopersicon. Striking differences in cuticular architecture and quantities of cutin and waxes were observed, with the wax coverage of wild species exceeding that of S. lycopersicum by up to seven fold. Wax composition varied in the occurrence of wax esters and triterpenoid isomers. Using a Solanum habrochaites introgression line population, we mapped triterpenoid differences to a genomic region that includes two S. lycopersicum triterpene synthases. Based on known metabolic pathways for acyl wax compounds, hypotheses are discussed to explain the appearance of wax esters with atypical chain lengths. These results establish a model system for understanding the ecological and evolutionary functional genomics of plant cuticles.
Expression and manipulation of PHOSPHOENOLPYRUVATE CARBOXYKINASE 1 identifies a role for malate metabolism in stomatal closure
Authors: Penfield Steven , Clements Sarah , Bailey Karen J. , Gilday Alison D. , Leegood Richard C. , Gray Julie E. , Graham Ian A. 
Published: October 2011

SummaryMalate, along with potassium and chloride ions, is an important solute for maintaining turgor pressure during stomatal opening. Although malate is exported from guard cells during stomatal closure, there is controversy as to whether malate is also metabolised. We provide evidence that phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK), an enzyme involved in malate metabolism and gluconeogenesis, is necessary for full stomatal closure in the dark. Analysis of the Arabidopsis PCK1 gene promoter indicated that this PEPCK isoform is specifically expressed in guard cells and trichomes of the leaf. Spatially distinct promoter elements were found to be required for post‐germinative, vascular expression and guard cell/trichome expression of PCK1. We show that pck1 mutant plants have reduced drought tolerance, and show increased stomatal conductance and wider stomatal apertures compared with the wild type. During light–dark transients the PEPCK mutant plants show both increased overall stomatal conductance and less responsiveness of the stomata to darkness than the wild type, indicating that stomata get ‘jammed’ in the open position. These results show that malate metabolism is important during dark‐induced stomatal closure and that PEPCK is involved in this process.
A delayed diagnosis of lepromatous leprosy: pitfalls and clues to early recognition
Authors: Kerkeni Nadia , El Fékih Nadia , Fazaa Bécima , Zéglaoui Faten , Mnif Emna , Kamoun Mohamed Ridha 
Published: October 2011

AbstractPurpose  To remind special attention to atypical symptoms of Hansen’s disease, we report a case of an atypical case due to a delayed diagnosis.Background  Clinical features of leprosy are well known, cutaneous lesions and involvement of the peripheral nerves being the cardinal clinical signs. Among these presentations, systemic involvement, including mucous membranes of the upper respiratory tract and eyes, is rarely reported even if it is still commonly seen in endemic areas, in particular lepromatous leprosy.Case report  We describe here a new case of Hansen’s disease in a 51‐year‐old Tunisian woman with an atypical presentation and a delayed diagnosis. The early symptoms of the disease were different from the main clinical signs of Hansen’s disease since they involved the upper respiratory tract and the eyes. A nasal smear was positive for acid‐fast bacilli, thus confirming the diagnosis of bacilliferous leprosy. Histological findings suggested the diagnosis of leprosy and were somewhat more characteristic of the borderline lepromatous type.Conclusion  Diagnosis of Hansen’s disease in patients with neither apparent skin lesions nor neurological signs is still problematic. Clinicians should not only pay attention to the more obvious signs in their own fields of expertise but should be aware of the possible systemic involvement of leprosy.
Topical herbal extract (Huangdang mixture) exhibits both preventive and therapeutic effects in murine acute irritant contact dermatitis
Authors: Man Wenyan , Man Mona , Hupe Melanie , Martin‐Ezquerra Gemma , Feingold Kenneth R. , Elias Peter M. , Man Mao‐Qiang 
Published: October 2011

AbstractBackground Contact dermatitises, including allergic contact dermatitis and irritant contact dermatitis, are among the most common skin disorders in humans. Chinese herbal medicines (CHM) have been used in treating contact dermatitises for centuries. Systemic administration of CHM, including ingredients in Huangdang mixture containing Chinese angelica, Radix Paeonlae rubra, cat nut, and phelloden dron, rhizoma alismatis, rhizoma smilacis glabrae, and rhizome of swordlike, improves allergic contact dermatitis induced by l‐fluoro‐2,4‐dinitrobenzene. Whether topical applications of these herbal extracts display preventive and/or therapeutic effects on contact dermatitis, thereby avoiding the potential side effects of systemic CHM, remains largely unknown.Aims To determine whether this topical CHM extract exerts preventive and/or therapeutic effects, we assessed its efficacy in both allergic contact dermatitis and irritant contact dermatitis murine models.Materials and methods Allergic contact dermatitis and irritant contact dermatitis murine models were established by topical oxazolone and a phorbol ester (12‐O‐tetradecanoylphorbol‐13‐acetate; TPA), respectively. Ear thickness was assessed in both dermatitis models.Results Our results demonstrate that this topical CHM extract exhibits both therapeutic and preventive effects in acute irritant contact dermatitis but no demonstrable efficacy in murine allergic contact dermatitis.Conclusion These results suggest that this topical CHM extract could provide an alternative regimen for the prevention and treatment of irritant contact dermatitis.
Impact of Nrf2 on esophagus epithelium cornification
Authors: Wruck Christoph J. , Wruck Anja , Brandenburg Lars‐Ove , Kadyrov Mamed , Tohidnezhad Mersedeh , Pufe Thomas 
Published: October 2011

AbstractBackground  Nrf2 is a transcription factor that is known to maintain cellular defense against the toxicity of electrophiles and reactive oxygen species (ROS).Methods  We show an effect of Nrf2 deficiency on the histology of the esophagus of Nrf2 knockout mice.Results  Quantitative analysis of esophageal cornification via hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining revealed significantly (P = 0.0127) decreased stratification in Nrf2 knockout mice compared with wild‐type controls. In addition, we show that Nrf2 is expressed solely in the stratum spinosum and not in the stratum basale of the epidermis. This expression pattern is exactly the same as those described for keratin K6 and K16.Conclusions  We conclude that Nrf2 regulates the cornification of epithelia and may play a role in callus formation and wound healing of the skin, as well as in skin aging.
Misconceptions about laser treatment among dermatology patients
Authors: AlGhamdi Khalid M. , Moussa Noura A. 
Published: October 2011

AbstractBackground  The use of lasers is very common in dermatology; however, many patients fear it and have various misconceptions about it. A literature search failed to show any studies on this topic.Objective  To explore the various misconceptions of patients about lasers in dermatology.Methods  A self‐administered questionnaire containing 21 questions about laser use in dermatology was distributed randomly to patients attending the dermatology clinic at King Khalid University Hospital in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, from February to April 2009.Results  The response rate was 79.3%, with 714 of the 900 distributed questionnaires being returned; the individuals sampled included 348 men (48.73%). When asked about the nature of laser, 40% (279 of 698) reported that they did not know. About 36% (251 of 698) knew it was radiation of stimulated light amplification, while 10.2% (71 of 698) reported it to be nuclear radiation. Among study participants, 51.5% (364 of 707) believed that laser was harmful to children, while 51.1% (357 of 699) believed it was unsafe during pregnancy, and 21.4% (146 of 683) thought it could cause skin cancer. Laser was believed to treat most skin diseases by 47.7% (330 of 692) of those interviewed, among whom 24.1% said that they would not accept laser treatment if it was suggested to them by a dermatologist. A stance against laser (16.3%) was most common among men (P < 0.001), the illiterate (P = 0.006), and those with lower education (P = 0.001).Conclusion  Various misconceptions about laser treatment among patients are prevalent, especially among less educated individuals. Educating the community about laser could solve this problem.
Alcohol, psoriasis, liver disease, and anti‐psoriasis drugs
Authors: Cassano Nicoletta , Vestita Michelangelo , Apruzzi Doriana , Vena Gino A 
Published: October 2011

AbstractOver the last years, data have been accumulating regarding a possible association between alcohol and psoriasis. While it is still unclear whether alcohol misuse represents a true risk factor or merely an epiphenomenon of the cutaneous disease, a number of studies support the role of ethanol and its metabolites as triggering factors of psoriasis. A drinking habit also appears to exacerbate a preexisting psoriasis, and the magnitude of alcohol consumption may be related to both a higher incidence and severity of psoriasis. Evidence also shows that deaths from alcohol‐related causes are significantly more frequent in patients with psoriasis than in normal controls. Alcohol consumption may adversely affect psoriasis through multiple mechanisms, such as increased susceptibility to infections, stimulation of lymphocyte and keratinocyte proliferation, and production of proinflammatory cytokines. Moreover, alcohol misuse can predispose to a greater risk of liver disease and potential drug interactions. Alcoholic and non‐alcoholic liver diseases have both been found to be common in psoriatic patients. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)‐alpha, a key cytokine in psoriasis pathogenesis, has been found to have a crucial role in alcoholic hepatitis, and small preliminary studies have evaluated the effect of anti‐TNF therapy in this condition. However, the use of anti‐TNF‐α drugs in alcoholic hepatitis is still controversial and needs to be further investigated. In this review, the relationship between alcohol and psoriasis will be reviewed and discussed, taking also into account recent findings related to liver disease and therapeutic implications.
Identification of mutation c.632G>A (p.G211D) in the ATP2A2 gene and genotype–phenotype correlation in a large Chinese family with Darier’s disease
Authors: Lu Feng‐Yan , Xu Ling , Yin Xun‐Guo , Wan Ping , Zhang Xiao‐De , Chen Wei‐Wen , Ding Shao‐Ping , Yao Yong‐Gang 
Published: October 2011

AbstractDarier’s disease (DD, MIM 124200) is an autosomal dominant inherited skin disease. Mutations in the ATP2A2 gene, which encoded the sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+‐ATPase isoform 2 (SERCA2), are responsible for this skin disorder. Here we report the clinical, genetic, and molecular characterization of a large Chinese family with DD. We identified mutation c.632G>A (p.G211D) in the ATP2A2 gene in this family. Genotype–phenotype correlation in available family members provided helpful genetic counseling information for mutation carriers.
Genome‐wide significant association between alcohol dependence and a variant in the ADH gene cluster
Authors: Frank Josef , Cichon Sven , Treutlein Jens , Ridinger Monika , Mattheisen Manuel , Hoffmann Per , Herms Stefan , Wodarz Norbert , Soyka Michael , Zill Peter , Maier Wolfgang , Mössner Rainald , Gaebel Wolfgang , Dahmen Norbert , Scherbaum Norbert , Schmäl Christine , Steffens Michael , Lucae Susanne , Ising Marcus , Müller‐Myhsok Bertram , Nöthen Markus M. , Mann Karl , Kiefer Falk , Rietschel Marcella 
Published: October 2011

ABSTRACTAlcohol dependence (AD) is an important contributory factor to the global burden of disease. The etiology of AD involves both environmental and genetic factors, and the disorder has a heritability of around 50%. The aim of the present study was to identify susceptibility genes for AD by performing a genome‐wide association study (GWAS). The sample comprised 1333 male in‐patients with severe AD according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th edition, and 2168 controls. These included 487 patients and 1358 controls from a previous GWAS study by our group. All individuals were of German descent. Single‐marker tests and a polygenic score‐based analysis to assess the combined contribution of multiple markers with small effects were performed. The single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs1789891, which is located between the ADH1B and ADH1C genes, achieved genome‐wide significance [P = 1.27E–8, odds ratio (OR) = 1.46]. Other markers from this region were also associated with AD, and conditional analyses indicated that these made a partially independent contribution. The SNP rs1789891 is in complete linkage disequilibrium with the functional Arg272Gln variant (P = 1.24E–7, OR = 1.31) of the ADH1C gene, which has been reported to modify the rate of ethanol oxidation to acetaldehyde in vitro. A polygenic score‐based approach produced a significant result (P = 9.66E–9). This is the first GWAS of AD to provide genome‐wide significant support for the role of the ADH gene cluster and to suggest a polygenic component to the etiology of AD. The latter result may indicate that many more AD susceptibility genes still await identification.
The time interval between kidney and pancreas transplantation and the clinical outcomes of pancreas after kidney transplantation
Authors: Luan Fu L. , Kommareddi Mallika , Cibrik Diane M. , Samaniego Millie , Ojo Akinlolu O. 
Published: October 2011

Luan FL, Kommareddi M, Cibrik DM, Samaniego M, Ojo AO. The time interval between kidney and pancreas transplantation and the clinical outcomes of pancreas after kidney transplantation.  Clin Transplant 2011 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399‐0012.2011.01519.x.  © 2011 John Wiley & Sons A/S.Abstract:  Pancreas after kidney (PAK) transplantation is one of the accepted pancreas transplant modalities. We studied the impact of time interval between kidney and pancreas transplantation on the outcomes of PAK transplantation. Using OPTN/SRTR data, we included 1853 PAK transplants performed between 1996 and 2005 with follow‐up until November 1, 2008. Kaplan–Meier survival and multivariate Cox regression analyses were performed using the time interval between kidney and pancreas transplantation either as a categorical (less than one yr, between one and less than three yr, and greater than or equal to three yr) or as a continuous variable (months) to assess kidney graft and patient survival. Patients who received a pancreas transplant three yr or later after kidney transplantation had higher risk of death‐censored kidney graft loss (HR 1.56, 95% CI 1.04, 2.32, p = 0.03). Each month beyond three yr between kidney and pancreas transplantation incurred 1% higher risk of subsequent death‐censored kidney graft loss (HR 1.01, 95% CI 1.001, 1.02, p = 0.03). In conclusion, time interval between pancreas and kidney transplantation is an independent risk factor of kidney graft loss following pancreas transplantation. Shortening the time interval between pancreas and kidney transplantation to less than three yr may reduce the risk of kidney graft loss in qualified PAK transplant candidates.
PGC‐1β Modulates the Expression of Genes Involved in Mitochondrial Function and Adipogenesis During Preadipocyte Differentiation
Authors: Ji H , Lu R‐H , Chang Z‐G , Su S‐S , Yang G‐S 
Published: October 2011

ContentsThis study determined the expression of genes involved in mitochondrial function and adipogenesis at mRNA and protein levels by transfecting rat differentiating preadipocytes with siRNA/Lipofectamine complex and pcDNA‐PGC‐1β (peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor‐γ coactivator‐1β)/Lipofectamine complex, respectively, to further elucidate the role of PGC‐1β in white preadipocyte differentiation. The results showed that the transfection of PGC‐1β siRNA inhibited the expressions of mitochondrial genes malate dehydrogenase, carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1, nuclear respiratory factor 1, ATP synthesis, adipocyte differentiation key transcription factor peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor‐γ, sterol regulatory element binding protein 1c and fatty acid synthetase, whereas the triglyceride synthesis was retarded (p < 0.05). Furthermore, overexpression of PGC‐1β up‐regulated the expressions of adipogenic and mitochondrial biosynthetic marker genes and promoted triglyceride accumulation during 3T3‐L1 adipocyte differentiation. These observations suggest that PGC‐1β modulates the expression of mitochondrial function and adipogenesis‐related genes and affects white preadipocyte differentiation.
CHIME monazite dating as a tool to detect polymetamorphism in high‐temperature metamorphic terrane: Example from the Aoyama area, Ryoke metamorphic belt, Southwest Japan
Authors: KAWAKAMI TETSUO , SUZUKI KAZUHIRO 
Published: October 2011

AbstractChemical Th–U–total Pb isochron method (CHIME) monazite dating was carried out for pelitic–psammitic migmatites and the Ao granite (one of the Younger Ryoke granites) from the Aoyama area, Ryoke metamorphic belt, Southwest Japan. The Ao granite gives an unequivocal age of 79.8 ± 3.9 Ma. The monazite grains in migmatites yield an age of 96.5 ± 1.9 Ma with rims and patchy domains of 83.5 ± 2.4 Ma. The 83.5 ± 2.4‐Ma overprinting on migmatites over the garnet–cordierite zone suggests a wide and combined effect of thermal input and fluid activity on the monazite grains caused by the contact metamorphism by the Younger Ryoke granites including the Ao granite. This contact metamorphism has not been detected from the major metamorphic mineral assemblage previously, possibly because the migmatites already possessed the high‐temperature mineral assemblage before the granite intrusions and were immune from contact metamorphism in terms of major metamorphic minerals. However, monazite records contact metamorphism clearly. Therefore, the field mapping of the CHIME monazite age is a powerful tool for recognition of polymetamorphism in high‐temperature metamorphic terrains where later thermal effects can not be easily detected by the growth of new major metamorphic minerals.
Synchronous bilateral urothelial cancer in a kidney recipient
Authors: Nakazawa Ryuto , Miyano Satetsu , Sasaki Hideo , Kudo Hiroya , Kimura Kenjiro , Chikaraishi Tatsuya 
Published: October 2011

AbstractSynchronous bilateral urothelial cancer is very rare. We report a 25‐year‐old male kidney recipient with Alport syndrome who developed bilateral synchronous urothelial cancer after transplantation. At the age of 16 this patient was referred to our clinic for a kidney transplantation. A living related donor kidney transplantation was performed with cyclosporin‐based quadruple immunosuppression. He experienced no acute rejection and his graft function was excellent after transplantation. Nine years after transplantation, he complained of asymptomatic gross hematuria and was diagnosed as having a bilateral urothelial cancer in the native upper urinary tracts. A bilateral total nephroureterectomy was undertaken, and the postoperative pathological diagnosis was advanced bilateral urothelial carcinoma. The patient received adjuvant gemcitabine plus cisplatin chemotherapy at a cisplatin dosage reduced by 50%. After 4 years of follow‐up, he is alive with a functioning graft and no evidence of recurrence.