bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The location of cationic substitutions in carbonated biomimetic apatites significantly affects crystal nanomechanics
Authors: Deymier Alix , Wong Stephanie , Eaton Abigail , Krywka Christina , Nair Arun 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Bone and teeth are comprised of carbonate-substituted apatites with cationic substitutions, like sodium and potassium. Cations substitute for calcium in the apatite lattice but it is unclear whether they substitute for Ca(1) or Ca(2). Additionally, although we know that anionic substitutions affect the mineral mechanics, it is unclear how cationic substitutions affect mineral stiffness. Here, a combined experimental and theoretical approach using in situ fluid-mediated hydrostatic loading with synchrotron Wide Angle X-ray Scattering (WAXS) and Density Functional Theory (DFT) is used to elucidate the role of CO32− and Na+ or K+ co-substitutions on the atomic structure and mechanics of biomimetic apatites. Comparison of WAXS and DFT results showed that preferential substitutions at the Ca(1) and Ca(2) sites depended on cationic type and concentration, with a preference for Ca(1) at higher levels of co-substitution. Substitution levels and location of the cationic substitution both significantly affected the modulus of the minerals. This presents a new paradigm for the development of biomimetic apatites with multi-property tunability by considering composition and atomic organization.
Breeding in bitter gourd to leverage general and specific combiners for vital horticultural attributes
Authors: Sriniva B. , Padma S. S. Vijaya , Naidu L. Naram , Jasmitha M. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Bitter gourd is a well-known and commercially grown cucurbit all over the world. The best general and specific combiners should be employed in various breeding techniques to improve distinct horticultural traits. The current experiment was carried out in the vegetable experimental farm of the department of vegetable science at Dr. YSR Horticulture University in West Godavari, A.P. The Experiment was composed up of seven different parents that were crossed in a half diallel method, resulting in the development of 21 hybrid combinations. The analysis of variance found that the variances for general and specific combining abilities are extremely significant for all of the characters under investigation. For the traits, days to male and female flower appearance and first picking, IC-44418, Kashi Mayuri and IC-68314 were found as good general combiners whereas the hybrids viz., IC-44418 x IC-469512, IC-433630 x Special Boldar, IC-433630 x IC-68314, IC-68314 x Special Boldar, Kashi Mayuri x IC-469512, IC-469512 x Special Boldar and IC-433630 x IC-469512, are considered as promising specific combiners. For the yield components, the parents viz., Preethi, IC-469512, Special Boldar and Kashi Mayuri were observed as good general combiners whereas the hybrids viz., IC-469512 x Special Boldar, Kashi Mayuri x IC-433630, Kashi Mayuri x IC-44418, IC-44418 x IC-433630, IC-433630 x IC-469512 and Kashi Mayuri x Special Boldar were identified as good specific combiners. Selected parents with ideal per se performance and combining ability effect in various component traits can be involved in multiple crossing techniques to recombine diverse yield components.
An Improved Algorithm for Grouped Hierarchical Multi-object Tracking Based on Feature and Motion Prediction Enhancement
Authors: Zhang Yuhui , Cai Xi , Kao Jiacheng , Zhao Huiying , Hu Ruixue , Han Guang 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Multi-object tracking (MOT) is a significant challenge within the field of computer vision, holding various practical applications. Nevertheless, it is still a challenge to extract more discriminative features, more accurate prediction of target motion trajectories and better matching strategies in tracking tasks. This study delves into a large number of multi-target tracking algorithms and makes improvements in feature extraction, motion prediction, similarity calculation and data association. A dual-attention module has been incorporated into the feature extraction network with the aim of enhancing the feature information; a position and velocity information fusion module is designed in the motion prediction stage to learn the long-term dependency of target motion information; and finally, a pedestrian grouping hierarchical data association module is designed to accomplish tracking. Our study shows that we achieve competitive performance on popular multi-object tracking benchmarks (e.g., MOT16, MOT17) compared to current state-of-the-art methods.
Genetically Predicted Elevated Circulating 3,4-Dihydroxybutyrate Levels Mediate the Association between families.Christensenellaceae and Osteoporosis Risk: A Mendelian randomization study
Authors: 侯 达隆 , 阳 阳 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Objective: To investigate the impact of gut microbiota on osteoporosis and identify the mediating role of blood metabolites in this process.
Methods: This two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study utilized summary level data from genome-wide association studies (GWAS). Gut microbiota GWAS data were obtained from the MiBio-Gen consortium meta-analysis (n=13,266), while osteoporosis summary statistics were sourced from the FinnGen consortium R9 release data (7300 cases and 358,014 controls). Metabolite data, including 1400 metabolites or metabolite ratios, were derived from a study involving 8,299 unrelated individuals. The primary MR method employed was the inverse variance weighted (IVW) method. Reverse MR analysis was conducted on bacteria causally associated with osteoporosis in forward MR. The gut microbiota with the smallest p-value was selected as the top influencing factor for subsequent mediation analysis. A two-step MR approach quantified the proportion of the blood metabolite effect on gut microbiota influencing osteoporosis. IVW and Egger methods were used to assess heterogeneity and horizontal pleiotropy.
Results: IVW estimates indicated a suggestive effect of family.Christensenellaceae on osteoporosis (odds ratio(OR) = 1.292, 95% confidence interval(CI): 1.110–1.503, P =9.198 × 10−4). Reverse MR analysis revealed no significant causal effect of osteoporosis on family.Christensenellaceae (OR = 0.947, 95% CI: 0.836–1.072, P =0.386). The proportion of the effect of family.Christensenellaceae on osteoporosis mediated by circulating levels of 3,4-dihydroxybutyrate was 9.727%. No significant heterogeneity or horizontal pleiotropy was detected in the instrumental variables used for MR analysis.
Conclusion: This study establishes a causal link between family.Christensenellaceae and osteoporosis, with a minor proportion of the effect mediated by elevated circulating levels of 3,4-dihydroxybutyrate. Further randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are warranted to validate this conclusion.
Comorbidity index model to predict the death risk of hemodialysis patients: a single-center observational cohort study
Authors: Yu Yanna , Wang Zhan , pei xiahua , Li Fen , Ni Zhibin , Zhang Shu 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background
Comorbidity prediction models have been demonstrated to offer more comprehensive and accurate predictions of death risk compared to single indices. However, their application in China has been limited, particularly among chronic kidney disease patients. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the utility of comorbidity index models in predicting mortality risk among Chinese maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients.
Methods
Take the MHD patients in the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine as the subjects, Claims-based Disease-specific refinements Matching translation to ICD-10 and Flexibility (CDMF-CCI) model and Liu model were selected as the candidate models for this verification research. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression calculation were used to analyze the independent predictive effect of the models on survival rate.
Results
Annually, nearly 500 patients undergo hemodialysis treatment. From January 2019 to June 2022, a total of 199 patients succumbed, with a mean age of 65.2 years. During these four years, the mortality rates were 13.04%, 9.68%, 11.69%, and 6.39%, respectively. The leading causes of death were sudden demise (82 patients, 41.2%), cardiovascular disease (48 patients, 24.1%), pulmonary infection (33 patients, 16.5%), and stroke (19 patients, 9.5%). When compared to individual indices, the CDMF-CCI model displayed more accurate and predictive results, with an HR of 1.1. Conversely, the Liu model failed to identify high-risk individuals.
Conclusions
The MHD patients face a significant risk of mortality. When compared to univariate parameters and the Liu model, the CDMF-CCI model exhibits superior predictive accuracy for mortality in MHD patients.
Research on fusing improved A* and adaptive DWA path planning algorithms
Authors: LIAO YIKUI , WANG ZHITE , QIN YIQUAN 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

To satisfy the performance requirements of robot path planning, an algorithm combining the improved A* algorithm and the improved Dynamic Window Approach (DWA) is proposed, which results in shorter path lengths, improved search efficiency, and path smoothness. Aiming at the challenges of the traditional A* algorithm in complex scenarios, a new heuristic function based on Manhattan and diagonal is designed, and then weights are dynamically assigned to obtain the global shortest path and the least search time. Then, an improved search strategy based on 8-neighborhoods is proposed, which improves the search efficiency and reduces the time consumption of the traditional 8-neighborhood 8-direction search method by dynamically assigning the optimal search direction of the current node. On the other hand, the traditional DWA algorithm faces some challenges, such as the paths are not globally optimal, the path planning may fail or path length may increase, the azimuthal coefficient is rigid, and the algorithm is computationally intensive. For these problems, a keypoint densification strategy is proposed to modify the deflected paths, adaptively adjust the azimuth function coefficients, and limit the range of the obstacle distance function. Finally, the proposed improved A* algorithm and fusion algorithm are compared with the existing methods. The simulation results under the ROS system show that the improved A* algorithm can generate the shortest global path in complex environments, the average path length is reduced by 3.95%, and the average path searching time is shortened by 21.62%. For the fused algorithm, the average path length and the average runtime are reduced by 5.95% and 8.7% in the moving obstacles environment.
Genetically predicted 15 circulating blood cell traits and Esophageal Cancer：a comprehensive Mendelian randomization study
Authors: li Xiang long , Xie Wanying , Tan Yu , Yang Shaofeng , Zhou Qingyu 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background: Epidemiologic evidence indicates that circulating blood cell traits may be linked to both the incidence and outcome of Esophageal Cancer. Nevertheless, these studies are at risk of being influenced by confounding factors. In our research, we conducted Mendelian randomization to explore the potential causal association between circulating blood cell traits and EC.
Methods: This study utilized genome-wide association studies (GWAS) datasets to analyze genetic variation using a two-sample MR design. The EC data was obtained from a GWAS study involving 740 cases and 372,016 controls (identifier: ieu-b-4960), while data for 15 circulating blood cell traits were sourced from a GWAS with 562,132 participants. Various statistical methods including Inverse variance weighted (IVW), Weighted median, MR Egger regression, Weighted mode, and Simple mode were employed to assess the causal connection between the circulating blood cell traits and EC. Additionally, a series of sensitivity analyses were conducted to ensure the robustness of the findings.
Results: The results found significant association between elevated circulating BAS counts (odds ratio, OR: 1.0012, 95 % confidence interval, CI: 1.0004-1.0020, p =0.0037), and decreased circulating levels of HBG (OR: 0.9994, 95% CI: 0.9989-1.0000, p =0.0403) with the risk of EC in the IVW approach. In addition,circulating blood cell traits including MPV (OR: 0.0506, 95% CI:0.0034 -0.7435, p =0.0295 ) and LYM (OR: 0.1356, 95% CI:0.0209-0.8816, p =0.0364) are suggested to be the consequences of EC
Conclusions: In this research, we systematically examined the association between the 15 circulating blood cell traits and the occurrence of EC. We identified upstream regulators (BAS counts) and downstream effectors (HBG concentration) associated with EC. In addition, EC affects circulating levels of LYM counts and MPV. Our results provide valuable insights into the role of circulating blood cell traits in the development of EC, offering new avenues for further research and potential interventions in the prevention and management of EC.
Tibiotalocalcaneal Ankle Arthrodesis with Posterior Approach Arthroscopic-Assisted Hindfoot Nailing, Early-Mid-Term Clinical, and Radiological Results: A Retrospective Analysis of 25 Patients
Authors: Ertan Mehmet Batu , Özbek Emre Anıl , Yoğun Yener , Kocaoğlu Hakan , Güngör Erdal , Akmeşe Ramazan 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background: End-stage ankle arthrosis causes severe pain and limited movement. In this case, tibiotalocalcaneal arthrodesis (TTCA) surgery forms the basis for surgical treatment in the appropriate patient group. TTCA with arthroscopy-assisted hindfoot nailing can be used to achieve a high union rate and low complication rate. In this study, we aimed to examine the early- and mid-term results of patients treated with this technique from various perspectives and to evaluate them by comparing them with the current literature.
Methods: Data were collected from 25 patients who met the established criteria and underwent TTCA with posterior approach arthroscopic-assisted hindfoot nailing. In addition to the demographic data of the patients, their clinical and pain scores were evaluated using the American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) and visual analogue scale (VAS). These scoring data were collected preoperative, postoperative 3rd month, postoperative 12th month, and at the final postoperative follow-up (18–24th months). Additionally, the union time and complication data during the follow-up period were examined.
Results: When the AOFAS and VAS scores of the 25 patients were examined, a significant improvement was observed in the preoperative period and early postoperative period comparisons (p < 0.001). No significant change was observed between the comparison of the postoperative 12th month and last postoperative control clinical scores. While the union rate of the patients was observed to be 92%, the average union time was 13.1 ± 3.5 weeks. During follow-up, peri-implant fracture, deep infection, and non-union were observed in one patient each (12%).
Conclusion: The early- and mid-term postoperative results of patients treated with TTCA surgery with posterior approach arthroscopic-assisted hindfoot nailing show that this technique may be an option with low complication and high union rates for the appropriate group of patients planned for ankle arthrodesis.
Sensitive bispecific chimeric T cell receptors for cancer therapy
Authors: Riddell Stanley , Simon Sylvain , Bugos Grace , Prins Rachel , Rajan Anusha , Palani Arulmozhi , Heyer Kersten , Stevens Andrew , Zeng Longhui , Thompson Kirsten , Price Jason , Kluesner Mitchell , Jaeger-Ruckstuhl Carla , Shabaneh Tamer , Olson James , Su Xiaolei 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The expression of a synthetic chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) to redirect antigen specificity of T cells is transforming the treatment of hematological malignancies and autoimmune diseases [1-7]. In cancer, durable efficacy is frequently limited by the escape of tumors that express low levels or lack the target antigen [8-12]. These clinical results emphasize the need for immune receptors that combine high sensitivity and multispecificity to improve outcomes. Current mono- and bispecific CARs do not faithfully recapitulate T cell receptor (TCR) function and require high antigen levels on tumor cells for recognition [13-17]. Here, we describe a novel synthetic chimeric TCR (ChTCR) that exhibits superior antigen sensitivity and is readily adapted for bispecific targeting. Bispecific ChTCRs mimic TCR structure, form classical immune synapses, and exhibit TCR-like proximal signaling. T cells expressing Bi-ChTCRs more effectively eliminated tumors with heterogeneous antigen expression in vivo compared to T cells expressing optimized bispecific CARs. The Bi-ChTCR architecture is resilient and can be designed to target multiple B cell lineage and multiple myeloma antigens. Our findings identify a broadly applicable approach for engineering T cells to target hematologic malignancies with heterogeneous antigen expression, thereby overcoming the most frequent mechanism of relapse after current CAR T therapies.
Epigallocatechin inhibits PDGF-BB-induced vascular smooth muscle cells proliferation via DNMT1 regulation of the Nur 77 axis
Authors: shen Li , Tan Juanjuan , Li Feng , Xia Ke , Yuan Zhichao , Yan Zhiqiang 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

EGCG inhibits vascular smooth muscle proliferation.Nur77 and DNMT1 have been observd in the plaques of patients with atherosclerosis and are thought to be associated with vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation. This study was designed to investigate the role and mechanism of epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) on proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells( VSMCs) and clarified the underlying molecular mechanism of EGCG. We investigated whether EGCG suppressed platelet-derived growth factor(PDGF)-induced vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation, migration and apoptosis in vivo and vitro. The effect of EGCG on smooth muscle cell proliferation and phenotype were evaluated using Cell Counting Kit-8(CCK8), EdU staining, immunohistochemistry and Western blot analysis.The effect of EGCG on smooth muscle cell migration was uising Wound-healing assay and Western blot analysis..The effect of EGCG on smooth muscle cell apoptosis was uising Flow cytometry and Western blot analysis. The current findings demonstrated that EGCG alleviated neointimal hyperplasia in balloon-induced arterial walls in vivo, significantly inhibited PDGF-BB-induced VSMC proliferation, migration, and promoted apoptosis in vitro and identical results were obtained in vivo..Moreover, EGCG attenuated VSMC proliferation by modulating the regulation of the DNMT1-Nur77-signaling axis. Our collective data showed that EGCG inhibited PDGF-BB-induced VSMC proliferation via DNMT1 regulation of the Nur77- signaling axis. In conclusion, These findings suggest that EGCG may be a promising therapeutic agent for the prevention and treatment of CVDs.
Research on Dynamic Urine Volume Detection System Based on Smart Flexible Textile Sensors
Authors: Xiong Fan * , Li Yunfei , Xie Chuanle , Wang Zheng , Zhou Jinli , Yang Hongying , Fan Mengzhao , Yang Chaoran , Zheng Junjie , Wang Chenxiao , Guo Cheng 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Urinary leakage volume is a crucial indicator reflecting the condition of patients with urinary incontinence. Currently, there are limited smart diapers capable of continuous dynamic detection of urinary volume. This study developed two types of urinary volume sensors based on resistance and capacitance, integrating them with traditional diapers for evaluating the severity of urinary leakage: mild leakage: 0-5mL; moderate leakage: 6-12mL; severe leakage: above 12mL. Three patterns of resistance-based urinary volume sensors were designed. The results showed that Pattern A could accurately determine the level of urinary volume. Additionally, three electrode distances of capacitance-based urinary volume sensors were designed. The results demonstrated that the sensor with a 1cm electrode spacing could detect the urinary volume range, indicating 1mL per drop with a capacitance increase of approximately 1.5-1.8pF. The error per drop was around ± 0.5mL. This study validated the feasibility of smart flexible textile sensors in urinary volume detection, providing a potential solution for better assessing and managing the condition of patients with urinary incontinence.
Nonlinear associations of dietary selenium intake with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality after stroke in US adults: findings from NHANES 1999-2018
Authors: Deng Yi , Du Senlin , Tao Jiarong , Jin Ruiyun , Tong Feng , Peng Jiaxing , Fang Hua , Wu Miaojing , Tang Zhenyu 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background: The association between dietary selenium intake and mortality in stroke patients remains unclear. We aimed to explore these associations through NHANES 1999-2018.
Methods: Stroke participants ≥20 years of age were enrolled and were followed until December 31, 2019. Dietary selenium intake and stroke diagnosis were obtained by self-report on the questionnaire. Mortality information was obtained through prospective matching with the National Death Index database.
Results: 1334 stroke survivors were included. Dietary selenium intake was significantly and inversely associated with all-cause mortality in stroke patients after adjusting for all confounders (hazard ratio [HR]=0.997, p=0.024). Compared to the reference population, stroke patients with dietary selenium intake in quartiles Q2, Q3, and Q4 were associated with reduced all-cause mortality (p for trend=0.02). Dietary selenium intake at Q2 was associated with reduced CVD mortality after stroke and not significantly associated with cancer mortality. Restricted cubic spline analysis indicated that dietary selenium intake was nonlinearly associated with all-cause (p for nonlinear=0.0361) and CVD mortality (p for nonlinear=0.0189) in stroke patients. Segmented regression showed that dietary selenium intake was inversely associated with all-cause and CVD mortality at <81 mcg/d and 87 mcg/d, respectively, with no additional protective effects thereafter. Stratified analyses suggested that these effects were only present in specific ages and genders.
Conclusions: In a national longitudinal cohort, dietary selenium intake was nonlinearly associated with all-cause and CVD mortality but not cancer mortality after stroke in U.S. adults. Dietary selenium intake at 81 mcg/d and 87 mcg/d had the optimal protective effect on post-stroke all-cause and CVD mortality, respectively.