bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVE SCHEDULING POLICIES FOR HOSPITAL NURSES
Authors: EASTON FRED F. , ROSSIN DONALD F. , BORDERS WILLIAM S. 
Published: August 2010

The persistent shortage of nurses adversely affects the productivity, quality of care, and operating costs in most acute care hospitals. Aggravating the shortage are high nurse turnover rates, approaching 200% in some institutions. Policies to ensure adequate staffing levels and provide more attractive work schedules are alleged to improve nurse retention. However, their cost is seldom discussed. We compared expected nursing expense and workforce requirements to staff eight medical and surgical nursing units of a large hospital for 1 month, under 12 different scheduling policies alleged to improve turnover. Using simulation and an integrated staffing and scheduling methodology, we found that the expected nursing wages and workforce requirements for some policies differed by as much as 33%. In this hospital, the expected labor costs for certain policies could erode the benefits expected from improved retention. In contrast, other policies appear to allow high utilization of nursing resources, enhancing the expected benefits of reduced turnover with significant reductions in expenses for labor, recruiting, training, and fringe benefits.
USING SHORT‐TERM DEDICATION FOR SCHEDULING MULTIPLE PRODUCTS ON PARALLEL MACHINES
Authors: CAMPBELL GERARD M. 
Published: August 2010

In a multiproduct, parallel machine environment, it may be beneficial to dedicate one or more of the machines to a single product for consecutive time periods. However, previous lot‐sizing and scheduling models usually do not allow for such short‐term dedication. This paper presents a mixed‐integer programming model that allows for short‐term dedication in scheduling parallel machines serving multiple products with dynamic demands. It also describes a Lagrangian‐based algorithm for solving such scheduling problems. An experiment verifies the effectiveness of the algorithm and demonstrates the importance of allowing for short‐term dedication. Capacity utilization, one of six factors investigated, greatly affects the use of dedication. A strong interaction effect between the number of machines and the number of products is also seen with respect to the usefulness of short‐term dedication. A measure of estimated production frequency incorporates these two factors along with magnitudes of periodic demands. This measure has a strong relationship with the amount of short‐term dedication used in solutions. Operations managers employing parallel machines could use the experimental results in deciding whether to use short‐term dedication to reduce costs.
EVALUATING ORDER RELEASE MECHANISMS IN A JOB SHOP WITH SEQUENCE‐DEPENDENT SETUP TIMES
Authors: KIM SEUNG‐CHUL , BOBROWSKI PAUL M. 
Published: August 2010

Job‐release mechanisms in job‐shop control are receiving increased recognition in recent research. However, there is considerable disagreement over the benefits of sophisticated job‐release mechanisms, and they remain to be tested in various operating environments. In our study, we extend previous job‐releasing research by examining several job‐release mechanisms in a different operating environment‐a sequence‐dependent setup job shop. We tested these release mechanisms, originally developed for a machine‐constrained job shop, in conjunction with two groups of sequencing rules‐ordinary and setup‐oriented sequencing rules. We measured shop performance in terms of total cost, the sum of inventory‐holding and late‐penalty costs. We developed a simulation model of a nine‐machine job shop for our experiment.
THE IMPACT OF SIMPLE PRIORITY RULE COMBINATIONS ON DELIVERY SPEED AND DELIVERY RELIABILITY IN A HYBRID SHOP
Authors: BARMAN SAMIR , LAFORGE R. LAWRENCE 
Published: August 2010

This study examines the effects of using different priority rules at different stages of a multistage, flow‐dominant shop. A simulation model is constructed of a manufacturing system comprised of three stages: gateway, intcrmcdiatc, and finishing. As is typical of a flow‐dominant shop, the overall flow of the simulated system (gateway to intermediate to finishing) is consistent with a flow shop, but processing in the intermediate stage involves multiple work centers and resembles a job shop. Shop performance is observed when four well‐known priority heuristics are applied in different combinations in the gateway, intermediate, and finishing stages of the process. Multiple performance measures addressing the strategic objectives of delivery speed and delivery reliability are recorded under two different shop load conditions. Results show that the measures of both delivery speed and delivery reliability are affected by the priority rule combinations, and that a tradeoff exists between average performance and consistency of performance. Certain priority rule combinations affect performance in predictable ways, allowing the user to assess tradeoffs between delivery speed and delivery reliability.
THE EMPIRICAL DETERMINANTS OF INVENTORY LEVELS IN HIGH‐VOLUME MANUFACTURING
Authors: Lieberman Marvin B. , Helper Susan , Demeester Lieven 
Published: August 2010

This study uses survey data on several hundred automotive suppliers in North America to evaluate the determinants of inventory levels in high‐volume discrete parts manufacturing. We assess the magnitude of raw materials, work‐in‐process, and finished goods inventories held at automotive supply plants. Inventories are shown to be jointly determined by technological and managerial factors in a manner roughly consistent with classical inventory theory. Several categories of managerial practices are found to be important. Low inventories are linked to employee problem solving and frequent communication with customers. More unexpectedly, we find the absence of inventory differences between U.S.‐owned and Japanese‐owned plants in North America. This contrasts with substantial differences in inventory holding between US plants and those in Japan.
STOCK LEVELS AND DELIVERY RATES IN VENDORMANAGED INVENTORY PROGRAMS
Authors: CHAOUCH BEN A. 
Published: August 2010

Using the latest information technology, powerful retailers like Wal‐Mart have taken the lead in forging shorter replenishment‐cycles, automated supply systems with suppliers. With the objective to reduce cost, these retailers are directing suppliers to take full responsibility for managing stocks and deliveries. Suppliers' performance is measured according to how often inventory is shipped to the retailer, and how often customers are unable to purchase the product because it is out of stock. This emerging trend also implies that suppliers are absorbing a large part of the inventory and delivery costs and, therefore, must plan delivery programs including delivery frequency to ensure that the inherent costs are minimized. With the idea to incorporate this shift in focus, this paper looks at the problem facing the supplier who wants quicker replenishment at lower cost. In particular, we present a model that seeks the best trade‐off among inventory investment, delivery rates, and permitting shortages to occur, given some random demand pattern for the product. The process generating demand consists of two components: one is deterministic and the other is random. The random part is assumed to follow a compound Poisson process. Furthermore, we assume that the supplier may fail to meet uniform shipping schedules, and, therefore, uncertainty is present in delivery times. The solution to this transportationinventory problem requires determining jointly delivery rates and stock levels that will minimize transportation, inventory, and shortage costs. Several numerical results are presented to give a feel of the optimal policy's general behavior.
CONSTITUENCIES OF JOURNALS IN PRODUCTION AND OPERATIONS MANAGEMENT: IMPLICATIONS ON REACH AND QUALITY*
Authors: AGRAWAL VIJAY K. 
Published: August 2010

I analyzed the contributions made by members of the following constituencies in terms of the number of articles published in the Journal of Operations Management (JOM), Manufacturing and Service Operations Management (M&SOM), and Production and Operations Management (POM): the top 20 U.S. business schools and the top 7 non‐U.S. business schools as ranked by Business Week or U.S. News and World Report, business and government organizations, U.S. business schools ranked between 21 and 50, non‐U.S. business schools not included above, and U.S. business schools not included above. I also analyzed the contributions made by U.S. business schools with top 10 programs in production and operations management; 9 of which are also in the list of top 20 U.S. business schools. Authors from the schools with top 10 programs in production and operations management contributed 20.2% of the articles published in POM and 3.5% of the articles published in JOM during 1997‐2001. They contributed 24.6% of the articles in the eight issues (from July 2000 through June 2002) of M&SOM. During these periods, authors from the top 27 schools contributed 29.3% of the articles published in POM, 9.4% of the articles published in JOM, and 37.4% of the articles to the eight issues of M&SOM. Also during the same periods, authors from business and government organizations contributed 6.6% of the articles published in POM, 1.9% of the articles published in JOM, and 5.8% of the articles published in the eight issues of M&SOM. The findings reported in this paper reflect the reach of the three journals and the perceptions of various constituencies regarding journal quality. The findings about POM and JOM have a very high degree of validity because both journals are more than 10 years old and have well‐established constituencies. The conclusions about the M&SOM constituencies are tentative because it is about 3 years old, and it is still developing its constituencies.
Rush and Be Wrong or Wait and Be Late? A Model of Information in Collaborative Processes
Authors: Loch Christoph H. , Terwiesch Christian 
Published: August 2010

Business processes have become more simultaneous and collaborative in the recent past. In simultaneous processes, multiple parties must adapt to one another in real time as decisions evolve. For example, New Product Development (NPD) requires collaboration in the context of Concurrent Engineering, and Supply Chain Management (SCM) in the context of collaborative planning. In both cases, parties must modify decisions based on preliminary information, information that is not fully precise or stable, about what the other parties are doing. This article develops a generalized model of real‐time decision making based on preliminary information, which applies both to NPD and SCM. The model offers insights into when to commit to a course of action, and we derive seven principles that help in dealing with preliminary information.
Value of Information in Closed Loop Supply Chains
Authors: Ketzenberg Michael E. , van derLaan Erwin , Teunter Ruud H. 
Published: August 2010

We explore the value of information (VOI) in the context of a firm that faces uncertainty with respect to demand, product return, and product recovery (yield). The operational decision of interest in matching supply with demand is the quantity of new product to order. Our objective is to evaluate the VOI from reducing one or more types of uncertainties, where value is measured by the reduction in total expected holding and shortage costs. We start with a single period model with normally distributed demands and returns, and restrict the analysis to the value of full information (VOFI) on one or more types of uncertainty. We develop estimators that are predictive of the value and sensitivity of (combinations of) different information types. We find that there is no dominance in value amongst the different types of information, and that there is an additional pay‐off from investing in more than one type. We then extend our analysis to the multi‐period case, where returns in a period are correlated with demands in the previous period, and study the value of partial information (VOPI) as well as full information. We demonstrate that our results from the single period model (adapted for VOPI) carry‐over exactly. Furthermore, a comparison with uniformly distributed demand and return show that these results are robust with respect to distributional assumptions.
Roepke Lecture in Economic Geography—Regional Context and Global Trade
Authors: Storper Michael 
Published: August 2010

abstractHow should we think of the role of regions in relation to the global economy? Theory has surprising gaps when it comes to building a unified vision of these two scales of development. Two contributions to such a vision are proposed in this article. First, the relationship between geographic concentration and the regional economic specialization it underpins and globalization should be theorized as a dynamic process. Standard location and trade theory is not adequate for this task; instead, the dynamic relationship can be captured through growth theory. But capturing this dynamic relationship requires correcting growth theory to separate its local and its global components, which are, respectively, Marshall‐Arrow and Romer externalities. Second, the missing element in all theories of geographic concentration and locally specialized development is an element labeled “context” here. A theory of context, in turn, raises important new questions about the dynamic welfare and developmental effects of contemporary processes of fragmenting and relocating production at a global scale.
Relational Economic Geography: A Partial Understanding or a New Paradigm?
Authors: Sunley Peter 
Published: August 2010

AbstractRelational approaches in economic geography have grown in popularity and influence, but have not been critically evaluated or discussed. This article argues that poststructural and network‐based versions of relational economic geography undoubtedly open up new research issues and provide tools for certain purposes, but questions whether they provide a coherent research agenda and new theoretical paradigm that can guide the reconceptualization of economic geography. The article addresses two main cases for a relational approach: its correspondence with a knowledge‐ and network‐based capitalism and the claim that it provides an improved philosophy and ontology. It finds problems with both cases and argues that the approach provides an imprecise and selective ontology that is preoccupied with microscale processes. As a result, relational economic geography does not lend itself to causal explanations and schemas, is incapable of discriminating among different economic theories, and could become immune to empirical evaluation. In many cases, it seems to disregard many of the valuable insights of institutionalist and critical realist approaches, including the implications of emergence. The article concludes that instead of searching for a microlevel relational perspective or a new vocabulary, economic geography's analysis of connections and relations would be better set within an evolutionary and historical institutionalism that understands economic relations as forms of institutional rules and practices and does not privilege ties and networks over nodes and agents.
Innovation and Peripherality: An Empirical Comparative Study of SMEs in Six European Union Member Countries
Authors: Copus Andrew , Skuras Dimitris , Tsegenidi Kyriaki 
Published: August 2010

AbstractThis article examines the rates of innovative activity of small and medium‐sized enterprises (SMEs) in central areas and equally developed but less accessible areas in six European Union member states. The probability of innovating is well predicted by the observable characteristics of firms, entrepreneurial characteristics, and business networks. More accessible areas consistently present higher rates of innovative activity than do their peripheral counterparts. The difference in the rates of peripheral and central areas is decomposed into observable and non‐observable factors. The entire innovation gap is attributed to nonobservable factors that constitute a combination of behavior and environment. Innovation policy for SMEs should aim to meet businesses' specific needs (firm‐specific factors) and to sustain and improve the innovative environment.
Accumulation by Decarbonization and the Governance of Carbon Offsets
Authors: Bumpus Adam G. , Liverman Diana M. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractThis article examines the governance of international carbon offsets, analyzing the political economy of the origins and governance of offsets. We examine how the governance structures of the Kyoto Protocol's Clean Development Mechanism and unregulated voluntary carbon offsets differ in regulation and in complexity of the chain that links consumers and reducers of carbon, with specific consequences for carbon reductions, development, and the ability to provide “accumulation by decarbonization.” We show how carbon offsets represent capital‐accumulation strategies that devolve governance over the atmosphere to supranational and nonstate actors and to the market.
Yet Another Turn? The Evolutionary Project in Economic Geography
Authors: Grabher Gernot 
Published: August 2010

abstractWhat does the economic in economic geography stand for? For much of the 1990s up to the more recent past, answers to this pertinent question frequently referred to the embeddedness‐network paradigm of the new economic sociology. At the same time, economic geography more and more drew inspiration, metaphors, and practices from an increasingly diverse range of schools. In terms of the disciplinary orientation, economic geography, on the one hand, remains firmly engaged with sociology, although interest seems to expand from the Granovetterian paradigm to the poststructuralism of Latour and Callon. On the other hand, economic geography's interest in heterodox economic geography is gaining new momentum. Above all, evolutionary approaches have attracted considerable attention that most recently culminated in a range of programmatic statements to develop a distinct evolutionary economic geography. It is these attempts to develop a collective agenda that Danny MacKinnon, Andrew Cumbers, Andy Pike, Kean Birch, and Robert McMaster take issue with. Subsequently, Ron Boschma and Koen Frenken, Jürgen Essletzbichler, and Geoffrey Hodgson comment on this “sympathetic critique.” A rejoinder by Andy Pike and his coauthors concludes this symposium.
Agency, Institutions, and Darwinism in Evolutionary Economic Geography
Authors: Hodgson Geoffrey M. 
Published: August 2010

abstractThe article by Danny MacKinnon, Andrew Cumbers, Andy Pike, Kean Birch, and Robert McMaster continues the dialogue on evolutionary ideas within economic geography. In response, I argue that the word “evolution” has a variety of meanings and that more precision is required. This commentary also addresses the possibility of generalizing Darwinian principles to evolving social phenomena. It upholds that institutions and power fit into this Darwinian framework and that it does not undermine the importance of agency, deliberation, or choice. A word such as “determinism” should also be used more carefully, as it has multiple meanings.
The Expansion of the Finance Industry and Its Impact on the Economy: A Territorial Approach Based on Swiss Pension Funds
Authors: Corpataux José , Crevoisier Olivier , Theurillat Thierry 
Published: August 2010

abstractA new economic geography of finance is emerging, and the current “financialization” of contemporary economies has contributed greatly to the reshaping of the economic landscape. How can these changes be understood and interpreted, especially from a territorial point of view? There are two contradictory economic theories regarding the tangible effects of the rise of the finance industry. According to neoclassical financial theorists, the finance industry's success is based on its positive effects on the real economy through its capacity to allocate financial resources efficiently. An alternative approach, adopted here, posits that finance does not merely mirror the real economy and that the financial economy, far from being a simple instrument for the allocation of capital, has its own autonomy, its own logic of development and expansion. A series of complex, and sometimes contradictory, connections link financial markets and the real economy, and there are some tensions between them, calling into question the coherence of the regional and national economies that follow from them. Moreover, the territorial approach shows how the mobility/liquidity of capital and the changing dimensions of new regions and countries are central to the finance industry's functioning. This article builds an understanding of the financial system through the lens of pension funds and highlights the impact of such a system on the real economy and its geography.
Guest Editorial: Introduction to the Creative Class in European City Regions
Authors: Asheim Bjørn 
Published: August 2010

abstractThis special issue presents the results of a European research project on the creative class in European city regions. In this introduction, the need for contextualizing the approach is underlined, taking into account the differences between the United States, where Richard Florida's ideas were developed, and Europe. In modifying the approach to suit European conditions, varieties of capitalism and social capital perspectives were applied.
Does Geography Still Matter? Evidence on the Portfolio Turnover of Large Equity Investors and Varieties of Capitalism
Authors: Dupuy Claude , Lavigne Stéphanie , Nicet‐Chenaf Dalila 
Published: August 2010

abstractThis article investigates the geography of finance through a study of the behavior of large equity investors who are key actors in capitalism. The main argument is based on their expectations in “finance‐driven” capitalism: large equity investors require high returns on invested capital in a shorter time and are said to be impatient. The article focuses on their portfolio turnover in relation to geographic factors and their attachment to a specific model of capitalism. The U.S. “market‐based” model is presented as a benchmark, since U.S. investors trade securities most frequently relative to other international equity investors. Our empirical findings on the proximity of investors in various models of capitalism with U.S. “impatient” investors contribute to a growing literature on the economic importance of geography in understanding global finance.