bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative Efficacy and Economics of Selected Chemicals with Neem Oil against Mustard Aphid, Lipaphis erysimi (Kaltenbench)
Authors: J C Jeena , Kumar Ashwani 
Published: June 2024

The research was carried out at Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh, Central Research Field, during Rabi season from november 2023- march 2024. The insecticide management experiment was conducted under Randomized Block Design (RBD) with the eight treatments and three replications by undertaking two spraying with fifteen-day intervals. The insecticides tested significantly reduced the pest population compared to control. Among the eight treatments evaluated for their efficacy in field condition against mustard aphids was recorded in treatment Neem oil 5% + Imidacloprid 17.8 SL (6.95) which was the minimum aphid population, followed by Imidacloprid 17.8 SL (8.46), Neem oil 5% + Acetamiprid 20% SP (9.78), Acetamiprid 20% SP (10.45), Neem oil 5% + Cypermethrin 10% EC (11.27), Cypermethrin 10% EC (11.55) and Neem oil 5% (12.01). The maximum aphid population was recorded in control plot (23.33 per 5 plant). Based on the results obtained in the investigation it is concluded that Imidacloprid 17.8SL with Neem oil and chemicals combined with neem oil could be utilized as a component in Integrated Pest Management of Lipaphis erysimi (Kalt.) on mustard. Similarly, the result revealed that the maximum C:B was recorded by treatment Neem oil 5%+ Imidacloprid 17.8% SL (1:2.77) followed by Imidacloprid 17.8% SL (1:2.67) and the minimum Cost Benefit Ratio was recorded in the control plot (1:1.27). The combination of Neem oil 5% and Imidacloprid 17.8 SL has offered cost-effective solutions that they effectively control aphid populations at lower costs. Thus, integrated pest management (IPM) approaches combining chemical treatments with cultural, biological, and mechanical controls may provide sustainable and cost-effective solutions in the long term.
Influence of Various Nitrogen Levels and Herbicides Application on Nutrient Uptake and Quality Parameters of Rice (Oryza sativa L.)
Authors: Singh Vikash , Kumar Rajesh , Azam Kamaran , Singh Manju , Marufi Mohammad Nabi , Kumar Neeraj 
Published: June 2024

The present study determines the Influence of Various Nitrogen Levels and Herbicides Application on Nutrient Uptake and Quality Parameters of Rice (Oryza sativa L.). A field experiment was conducted during Kharif season 2022 and 2023 at Agronomy research farm, Acharya Narendra Deva University of Agriculture and Technology Kumarganj, Ayodhya Uttar Pradesh, (India), which consisted of three levels of nitrogen 80, 120 and 160 Kg/ha in main plot and five weed management practices Pyrazosulfuron ethyl 10 % WP @ 20g a.i/ha (PE) at 0-3 DAT, Bispyribac sodium 10 % SC @ 25g a.i/ha (PoE) at 25 DAT, Pyrazosulfuron ethyl 10 % WP @ 20g a.i/ha (PE) at 0-3 DAT fb Bispyribac sodium 10 % SC @ 25g a.i/ha (PoE) at 25 DAT, Weed free and Weedy check in subplot thereby, making fifteen treatment combinations and replicated thrice in split plot design . Results indicated that protein content and protein yield, N, P and K content in grain and straw and their uptake after harvest were maximum recorded with the application of 160 Kg N ha-1 and Pyrazosulfuron ethyl 10 % WP @ 20g a.i/ha (PE) at 0-3 DAT fb Bispyribac sodium 10 % SC @ 25g a.i/ha (PoE) at 25 DAT which was comparable to weed free during both the years of investigation on transplanting rice.
High‐Speed Multineuron Calcium Imaging Using Nipkow‐Type Confocal Microscopy
Authors: Takahashi Naoya , Oba Shigeyuki , Yukinawa Naoto , Ujita Sakiko , Mizunuma Mika , Matsuki Norio , Ishii Shin , Ikegaya Yuji 
Published: October 2011

AbstractConventional confocal and two‐photon microscopy scan the field of view sequentially with single‐point laser illumination. This raster‐scanning method constrains video speeds to tens of frames per second, which are too slow to capture the temporal patterns of fast electrical events initiated by neurons. Nipkow‐type spinning‐disk confocal microscopy resolves this problem by the use of multiple laser beams. We describe experimental procedures for functional multineuron calcium imaging (fMCI) based on Nipkow‐disk confocal microscopy, which enables us to monitor the activities of hundreds of neurons en masse at a cellular resolution at up to 2000 fps. Curr. Protoc. Neurosci. 57:2.14.1‐2.14.10. © 2011 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Microscope Objectives
Authors: LoBiondo Joseph , Abramowitz Mortimer , Friedman Marc M. 
Published: October 2011

AbstractThe objective is the most crucial image‐forming component of a microscope. A knowledge of the many types of objectives available and their characteristics is critical to the selection of appropriate objectives for image cytometry. This unit discusses aberrations in image formation and their correction, construction, and types of objectives, and objectives for other microscopy applications, explaining the advantages and limitations of each one. Curr. Protoc. Cytom. 58:2.2.1‐2.2.15. © 2011 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Pain as an important predictor of psychosocial health in patients with rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Courvoisier Delphine S. , Agoritsas Thomas , Glauser Jérôme , Michaud Kaleb , Wolfe Fred , Cantoni Eva , Perneger Thomas V. , Finckh Axel ,   Swiss Clinical Quality Management Program for Rheumatoid Arthritis,   National Data Bank for Rheumatic Diseases
Published: October 2011

AbstractObjectiveTo examine the evolution of psychosocial aspects of health‐related quality of life in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients, and to identify their predictors.MethodsAll patients within a Swiss RA cohort and a US RA cohort who completed a Short Form 36 (SF‐36) scale at least twice within a 4‐year period were included. The primary outcome was psychosocial health as measured by the mental component summary (MCS) score of the SF‐36. The evolution of this outcome over time was analyzed using structural equation models, which distinguish between the stable, the variable, and the measurement error components of the outcome's variance.ResultsA total of 15,282 patients (48,323 observations) were included. MCS scores were mostly stable over time (between 69% and 75% of the variance was not due to measurement error). The variable component of the SF‐36 was mostly due to fluctuations at the moment of measurement and not to a global time trend of psychosocial health. Pain was the most important predictor of both the stable and variable components of psychosocial health, explaining ∼44% of the observed psychosocial health variance.ConclusionThis large cohort study demonstrates that pain is the most important predictor of a patient's psychosocial health in RA patients. This suggests that physicians should place greater emphasis on pain management.
Self‐management strategies in overweight and obese Canadians with arthritis
Authors: Bernatsky S. , Rusu C. , O'Donnell S. , Mackay C. , Hawker G. , Canizares M. , Badley E. 
Published: October 2011

AbstractObjectiveTo estimate the prevalence of overweight and obese Canadians with arthritis and to describe their use of arthritis self‐management strategies, as well as explore the factors associated with not engaging in any self‐management strategies.MethodsRespondents to the 2009 Survey on Living with Chronic Diseases in Canada, a nationally representative sample of 4,565 Canadians age ≥20 years reporting health professional–diagnosed arthritis (including more than 100 rheumatic diseases and conditions), were asked about the impact of their arthritis and how it was managed. Among the overweight (body mass index [BMI] 25–29.9 kg/m2) and obese (BMI ≥30 kg/m2) individuals with arthritis (n = 2,869), the use of arthritis self‐management strategies (i.e., exercise, weight control/loss, classes, and community‐based programs) were analyzed. Log binomial regression analyses were used to examine factors associated with engaging in none versus any (≥1) of the 4 strategies.ResultsMore than one‐quarter (27.4%) of Canadians with arthritis were obese and an additional 39.9% were overweight. The overweight and obese individuals with arthritis were mostly female (59.5%), age ≥45 years (89.7%), and reported postsecondary education (69.0%). While most reported engagement in at least 1 self‐management strategy (84.9%), less than half (45.6%) engaged in both weight control/loss and exercise. Factors independently associated with not engaging in any self‐management strategies included lower education, not taking medications for arthritis, and no clinical recommendations from a health professional.ConclusionFewer than half of the overweight and obese Canadians with arthritis engaged in both weight control/loss and exercise. The provision of targeted clinical recommendations (particularly low in individuals that did not engage in any self‐management strategies) may help to facilitate participation.
Modified Phalen's test as an aid in diagnosing carpal tunnel syndrome
Authors: Bilkis Sayeeda , Loveman Donald M. , Eldridge James A. , Ali Shabnam Asgher , Kadir Abdul , McConathy Walter 
Published: October 2011

AbstractObjectiveWe developed a modified Phalen's test (MPT), which uses sensory testing in Phalen's position, as a diagnostic screening tool for carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS). This study was designed to determine the sensitivity, specificity, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve of the MPT for diagnosis of CTS.MethodsElectrodiagnostic nerve conduction studies (EDS) were used as the gold standard. MPT was performed by a blinded examiner on patients prior to EDS. MPT was recorded as either positive or negative based on the presence or absence of a median nerve sensory deficit while the hand was in Phalen's position.ResultsSixty‐six hands were included in this study. Chi‐square for the MPT compared to EDS as the gold standard was 41.449 (P < 0.001), and the validity coefficient (phi) was 0.792 (P < 0.01). The traditional Phalen's test (TPT) compared to the EDS demonstrated a chi‐square of 15.349 (P < 0.001) and a phi coefficient of 0.482 (P < 0.01). ROC curve estimates for the MPT revealed a sensitivity of 84.4% compared to 50% for the TPT. The standard error of the estimate for sensitivity was 3.3% for the MPT and 5.8% for the TPT.ConclusionThe MPT is a highly useful screening diagnostic tool for CTS. The MPT demonstrates greater accuracy than the TPT for predicting CTS. The MPT also demonstrates greater sensitivity than the TPT in predicting a positive electrodiagnostic test for CTS.
Exponential l2 − l∞ filtering for discrete‐time switched systems under a new framework
Authors: Zong Guangdeng , Hou Linlin , Wu Yuqiang 
Published: October 2011

SUMMARYIn this paper, a robust exponential l2 − l∞ filtering problem is addressed for discrete‐time switched systems with polytopic uncertainties. The purpose of robust exponential l2 − l∞ filtering is to design a filter such that the resulting filtering error system is robustly exponentially stable with a decay rate and a prescribed exponential l2 − l∞ performance index. The robust exponential l2 − l∞ filtering problem is solved via an average dwell time approach. Sufficient conditions in terms of strict LMI are derived for checking the robust exponential stability of a filter. An explicit expression for the desired robust exponential filter is also given. Finally, a numerical example is provided to demonstrate the potential and effectiveness of the proposed method. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Geophagy in chacma baboons: patterns of soil consumption by age class, sex, and reproductive state
Authors: Pebsworth Paula A. , Bardi Massimo , Huffman Michael A. 
Published: October 2011

AbstractDespite baboons' widespread distribution across Africa, geophagy among all subspecies has been poorly documented. We used video camera traps and soil analyses to investigate geophagy in chacma baboons (Papio cynocephalus ursinus) inhabiting the Western Cape of South Africa. During an 18‐month study, from August 2009 to January 2011, we continually monitored the largest and most frequently visited geophagy sites with camera traps for 545 days and captured soil consumption at one or more sites on 266 of those days (49%). In 3,500 baboon visits to geophagy sites, video camera traps captured 58.6 hr of geophagy. From these data, we evaluated site preference based on time spent consuming soil among these four geophagy sites. One hundred and seventy days of soil consumption data from the most frequently visited geophagy site allowed us to look for demographic trends in geophagy. Selected consumed soils from geophagy sites were analyzed for mineral, physical, and chemical properties. The baboons spent more time consuming white alkaline soils with high percentages of clay and fine silt, which contained higher concentrations of sodium than non‐white acidic soils that contained higher concentrations of iron. Our data indicate that pregnant chacma baboons spent more time consuming soil at monitored geophagy sites than baboons of any other age class, sex, or reproductive state. Based on analytical results, the soils consumed would be effective at alleviating gastrointestinal distress and possibly supplementing minerals for all age/sex classes, but potentially for different age/sex requirements. Am. J. Primatol. 74:48–57, 2012. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Capuchin monkeys (Cebus nigritus) use spatial and visual information during within‐patch foraging
Authors: Gomes Daniela Fichtner , Bicca‐Marques Júlio César 
Published: October 2011

AbstractForaging in large‐scale (navigation between patches), small‐scale (choice of within‐patch feeding sites), and micro‐scale (close inspection of food items) space presents variable cognitive challenges. The reliability and usefulness of spatial memory and perceptual cues during food search in a forest environment vary among these spatial scales. This research applied an experimental field design to test the ability of a free‐ranging group composed of eight black‐horned capuchin monkeys, Cebus nigritus, inhabiting a forest fragment in Porto Alegre, State of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, to use food‐associated spatial, visual, olfactory, and quantitative (amount of food) cues during small‐scale foraging decisions. The experimental design involved the establishment of a feeding station composed of eight feeding platforms distributed in a circular arrangement. A series of six experiments, each lasting 20 days, was conducted from March to August 2005. Two feeding platforms in each experimental session contained a food reward (real banana), whereas the remaining six platforms contained either a sham banana or an inaccessible real banana. Data on capuchin monkey foraging behavior at the feeding stations were collected by the “all occurrences” sampling method. The performance of the capuchins in the experiments was analyzed based on the first two platforms inspected in each session. The study group inspected feeding platforms in 571 occasions during 113 sessions. Capuchins used visual cues and spatial information (and adopted a win–return strategy) for finding the platforms baited with real bananas and showed weak evidence of the integration of spatial and quantitative cues, but failed to show evidence of using olfactory cues. In addition, individual differences in social rank and foraging behavior affected opportunities for learning and the performance in the cognitive tasks. Am. J. Primatol. 74:58–67, 2012. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Investigating the effect of PGA on physical and mechanical properties of electrospun PCL/PGA blend nanofibers
Authors: Aghdam Rouhollah Mehdinavaz , Najarian Siamak , Shakhesi Saeed , Khanlari Samaneh , Shaabani Keyvan , Sharifi Shahriar 
Published: October 2011

AbstractIn the field of tissue engineering there is always a need for new engineered polymeric biomaterials which have ideal properties and functional customization. Unfortunately the demands for many biomedical applications need a set of properties that no polymers can fulfill. One method to satisfy these demands and providing desirable new biomaterials is by mixing two or more polymers. In this work, random nanofibrous blends of poly (ε‐caprolactone) (PCL) and polyglycolic acid (PGA) with various PCL/PGA compositions (100/0, 80/20, 65/35, 50/50, and 0/100) were fabricated by electrospinning method and characterized for soft‐tissue engineering applications. Physical, chemical, thermal, and mechanical properties of PCL/PGA blend nanofibers were measured by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), porosimetry, contact angle measurement, water uptake, attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform‐infrared spectroscopy (ATR‐FT‐IR), X‐ray diffraction (XRD), differential scanning calorimetric (DSC), dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA), and tensile measurements. Morphological characterization showed that the addition of PGA to PCL results in an increase in the average diameter of the nanofibers. According to these results, when the amount of PGA in the blend solution increased, the hydrophilicity and water uptake of the nanofibrous scaffolds increased concurrently, approaching those of PGA nanofibers. Differential scanning calorimetric studies showed that the PCL and PGA were miscible in the nanofibrous structure and the mechanical characterization under dry conditions showed that increasing PGA content results in a tremendous increase in the mechanical properties. In conclusion, the random nanofibrous PCL/PGA scaffold used in this study constitutes a promising material for soft‐tissue engineering. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012
Effect of thermal fatigue on the mechanical properties of epoxy matrix composites reinforced with olive pits powder
Authors: Papanicolaou G. C. , Koutsomitopoulou A. F. , Sfakianakis A. 
Published: October 2011

AbstractThis study is focused on the investigation of the effect of thermal shock cycling on the mechanical properties of cellulose based reinforced polymer composites. Polymer composites reinforced with olive pits powder at different filler‐volume fractions were manufactured. An increase in the bending modulus on the order of 48% was achieved. On the other hand, results showed that the bending strength remained almost unaffected from the amount of filler introduced. Next, the effect of thermal shock cycling on the mechanical behaviour of the thus manufactured composites was investigated. Theoretical predictions for both the properties variation with number of thermal shock cycles applied as well as with filler‐volume fraction were derived using the residual properties model (RPM) and the modulus predictive model (MPM), respectively. Predicted values were compared with respective experimental results. In all cases, a fair agreement between experimental findings and theoretical predictions was found. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012
Overexpression Nanog Activates Pluripotent Genes in Porcine Fetal Fibroblasts and Nuclear Transfer Embryos
Authors: Zhang Li , Luo Yi‐Bo , Bou Gerelchimeg , Kong Qing‐Ran , Huan Yan‐Jun , Zhu Jiang , Wang Jian‐Yu , Li Hui , Wang Feng , Shi Yong‐Qian , Wei Yan‐Chang , Liu Zhong‐Hua 
Published: October 2011

AbstractNanog as an important transcription factor plays a pivotal role in maintaining pluripotency and in reprogramming the epigenome of somatic cells. Its ability to function on committed somatic cells and embryos has been well defined in mouse and human, but rarely in pig. To better understand Nanog's function on reprogramming in porcine fetal fibroblast (PFF) and nuclear transfer (NT) embryo, we cloned porcine Nanog CDS and constructed pcDNA3.1 (+)/Nanog and pEGFP‐C1/Nanog overexpression vectors and transfected them into PFFs. We studied the cell biological changes and the expression of Nanog, Oct4, Sox2, Klf4, C‐myc, and Sall4 in transfected PFFs. We also detected the development potential of the cloned embryos harboring Nanog stably overexpressed fibroblasts and the expression of Oct4, Sox2, and both endogenous and exogenous Nanog in these embryos. The results showed that transient overexpression Nanog in PFF could activate the expression of Oct4 (5‐fold), C‐myc (2‐fold), and Sall4 (5‐fold) in somatic cells, but they could not be maintained during G418 selection. In NT embryos, although Nanog overexpression did not have a significant effect on blastocyst development rate and blastocyst cell number, it could significantly activate the expression of endogenous Nanog, Oct4, Sox2 to 160‐fold, 93‐fold, and 182‐fold, respectively (P < 0.05). Our results demonstrate that Nanog could interact with and activate other pluripotent genes both in PFFs and embryos. Anat Rec, 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Enhanced phosphorylation of STAT‐1 is dependent on double‐stranded RNA–dependent protein kinase signaling in HLA–B27–expressing U937 monocytic cells
Authors: Ruuska Marja , Sahlberg Anna S. , Colbert Robert A. , Granfors Kaisa , Penttinen Markus A. 
Published: October 2011

AbstractObjectiveTo study the phosphorylation of STAT‐1 in HLA–B27–transfected human monocytic cells and the role of the signaling molecules double‐stranded RNA–dependent protein kinase (PKR) and p38 in STAT‐1 phosphorylation.MethodsU937 human monocytic cell transfectants stably expressing wild‐type HLA–B27 or mutated HLA–B27 heavy chains with amino acid substitutions in the B pocket were prepared. Mock‐transfected cells were prepared using the antibiotic resistance vectors (pSV2neo or RSV5neo) alone. Phorbol myristate acetate–differentiated cells were stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or infected with Salmonella enteritidis. The phosphorylation and expression levels of STAT‐1 protein were detected by Western blotting and flow cytometry. Specific inhibitors were added in cell culture to study the role of PKR and p38 in STAT‐1 phosphorylation.ResultsSTAT‐1 was constitutively highly phosphorylated on the tyrosine 701 residue in HLA–B27–positive monocytic cells when compared to control cells, even prior to stimulation with LPS or bacteria. This phenotype was associated with the expression of HLA–B27 heavy chains that misfold. In addition, phosphorylation of STAT‐1 was dependent on PKR.ConclusionOur results show that STAT‐1 tyrosine 701 is constitutively highly phosphorylated in the HLA–B27–expressing monocyte/macrophage cell line. Since phosphorylation of tyrosine 701 on STAT‐1 is sufficient to induce interferon (IFN)–dependent genes, constitutive activity of this phosphorylation site may lead to the overexpression of IFN‐dependent genes, as well as other STAT‐1–dependent genes, in HLA–B27 monocyte/macrophages. Our results offer a mechanism by which B27 expression alone, without any external trigger, is potentially capable of inducing activation of STAT‐1, a critical regulator of the inflammatory response.